bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conceptual and methodological issues in designing a randomized, controlled treatment trial for geriatric bipolar disorder: GERI‐BD
Authors: Young Robert C , Schulberg Herbert C , Gildengers Ariel G , Sajatovic Martha , Mulsant Benoit H , Gyulai Laszlo , Beyer John , Marangell Lauren , Kunik Mark , Ten Have Thomas , Bruce Martha L , Gur Ruben , Marino Patricia , Evans Jovier D , Reynolds III Charles F , Alexopoulos George S 
Published: January 2010

Young RC, Schulberg HC, Gildengers AG, Sajatovic M, Mulsant BH, Gyulai L, Beyer J, Marangell L, Kunik M, Ten Have T, Bruce ML, Gur R, Marino P, Evans JD, Reynolds CF III, Alexopoulos GS. Conceptual and methodological issues in designing a randomized, controlled treatment trial for geriatric bipolar disorder: GERI‐BD. Bipolar Disord 2010: 12: 56–67. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Aim: This report considers the conceptual and methodological concerns confronting clinical investigators seeking to generate knowledge regarding the tolerability and benefits of pharmacotherapy in geriatric bipolar disorder (BD) patients.Method: There is continuing need for evidence‐based guidelines derived from randomized controlled trials that will enhance drug treatment of geriatric BD patients. Therefore, we present the complex conceptual and methodological choices encountered in designing a multisite clinical trial and the decisions reached by the investigators with the intention that study findings be pertinent to, and can facilitate, routine treatment decisions.Results: Guided by a literature review and input from peers, the tolerability and antimanic effects of lithium and valproate were judged to be the key mood stabilizers to investigate with regard to treating bipolar I disorder manic, mixed, and hypomanic states. The patient selection criteria are intended to generate a sample that not only experiences common treatment needs but also represents the variety of older patients seen in university‐based clinical settings. The clinical protocol guides titration of lithium and valproate to target serum concentrations, with lower levels allowed when necessitated by limited tolerability. The protocol emphasizes initial monotherapy. However, augmentation with risperidone is permitted after three weeks when indicated by operational criteria.Conclusions: A randomized, controlled trial that both investigates commonly prescribed mood stabilizers and maximizes patient participation can meaningfully address high‐priority clinical concerns directly relevant to the routine pharmacologic treatment of geriatric BD patients.
Occupational status and social adjustment six months after hospitalization early in the course of bipolar disorder: a prospective study
Authors: Dickerson Faith , Origoni Andrea , Stallings Cassie , Khushalani Sunil , Dickinson Dwight , Medoff Deborah 
Published: January 2010

Dickerson F, Origoni A, Stallings C, Khushalani S, Dickinson D, Medoff D. Occupational status and social adjustment six months after hospitalization early in the course of bipolar disorder: a prospective study. Bipolar Disord 2010: 12: 10–20. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Objectives:  Bipolar disorder is often accompanied by poor functional outcomes, the determinants of which are not fully understood. We assessed patients with bipolar disorder undergoing a hospital admission early in the illness course and identified predictors of occupational status, overall social adjustment, and work adjustment six months later.Methods:  This was a prospective longitudinal cohort study. During hospitalization patients were evaluated with a cognitive battery; symptoms, occupational history, and other clinical factors were also assessed. At six‐month follow‐up, patients’ symptom remission status was assessed; they were also evaluated as to their occupational status, overall social adjustment, and work adjustment. Multivariate analyses were used to identify predictors of these outcomes.Results:  Among the 52 participants, the average rating of overall social adjustment at follow‐up was between mild and moderate maladjustment. While 51 had a history of working full time, only 28 (54%) worked full time at follow‐up. A total of 24 (46%) had symptoms that met criteria for a full depression or mania syndrome. In multivariate analyses, full‐time occupational status at follow‐up was predicted by the absence of baseline substance abuse. Better overall social adjustment was predicted by better performance on cognitive tasks of processing speed and by symptom remission; the latter variable also predicted work adjustment.Conclusions:  Persons with bipolar disorder have limited occupational recovery and overall social adjustment six months after a hospital admission early in the illness course. Predictors vary among outcomes; performance on tasks of processing speed and the extent of symptom remission are independently associated with functional outcomes.
N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor expression in parvalbumin‐containing inhibitory neurons in the prefrontal cortex in bipolar disorder
Authors: Bitanihirwe Byron KY , Lim Maribel P , Woo Tsung‐Ung W 
Published: January 2010

Bitanihirwe BKY, Lim MP, Woo T‐UW. N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor expression in parvalbumin‐containing inhibitory neurons in the prefrontal cortex in bipolar disorder.  Bipolar Disord 2010: 12: 95–101. © 2010 The Authors.  Journal compilation © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Objectives:  Inhibitory neural circuits and the glutamatergic regulation of these circuits in the cerebral cortex appear to be disturbed in bipolar disorder. In this study, we addressed the hypothesis that, in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), disturbances of glutamatergic regulation of the class of inhibitory neurons that contain the calcium buffer parvalbumin (PV) via N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor may contribute to the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder.Methods:  We used double in situ hybridization with a sulfur‐35‐labeled riboprobe for the NR2A subunit of the NMDA receptor and a digoxigenin‐labeled riboprobe for PV in a cohort of 18 subjects with bipolar disorder and 18 demographically matched normal control subjects.Results:  We observed no differences in the relative density and laminar distribution of the PV‐expressing neurons between subjects with bipolar disorder and matched normal control subjects. Furthermore, the density of the PV neurons that co‐expressed NR2A messenger RNA (mRNA) or the cellular expression of NR2A mRNA in the PV neurons that exhibited a detectable level of this transcript was unaltered in subjects with bipolar disorder.Conclusions:  These findings suggest that, in the PFC, glutamatergic regulation of PV‐containing inhibitory neurons via NR2A‐containing NMDA receptors does not appear to be altered in bipolar disorder. However, the possibility that other subsets of γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons or other glutamate receptor subtypes are affected cannot be excluded.
Suicide attempts in bipolar I and bipolar II disorder: a review and meta‐analysis of the evidence
Authors: Novick Danielle M , Swartz Holly A , Frank Ellen 
Published: January 2010

Novick DM, Swartz HA, Frank E. Suicide attempts in bipolar I and bipolar II disorder: a review and meta‐analysis of the evidence. Bipolar Disord 2010: 12: 1–9. © 2010 The Authors.  Journal compilation © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Objective:  The prevalence of suicide attempts (SA) in bipolar II disorder (BPII), particularly in comparison to the prevalence in bipolar I disorder (BPI), is an understudied and controversial issue with mixed results. To date, there has been no comprehensive review of the published prevalence data for attempted suicide in BPII.Methods:  We conducted a literature review and meta‐analysis of published reports that specified the proportion of individuals with BPII in their presentation of SA data. Systematic searching yielded 24 reports providing rates of SA in BPII and 21 reports including rates of SA in both BPI and BPII. We estimated the prevalence of SA in BPII by combining data across reports of similar designs. To compare rates of SA in BPII and BPI, we calculated a pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) with random‐effect meta‐analytic techniques with retrospective data from 15 reports that detailed rates of SA in both BPI and BPII.Results:  Among the 24 reports with any BPII data, 32.4% (356/1099) of individuals retrospectively reported a lifetime history of SA, 19.8% (93/469) prospectively reported attempted suicide, and 20.5% (55/268) of index attempters were diagnosed with BPII. In 15 retrospective studies suitable for meta‐analysis, the prevalence of attempted suicide in BPII and BPI was not significantly different: 32.4% and 36.3%, respectively (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 0.98–1.48, p = 0.07).Conclusion:  The contribution of BPII to suicidal behavior is considerable. Our findings suggest that there is no significant effect of bipolar subtype on rate of SA. Our findings are particularly alarming in concert with other evidence, including (i) the well‐documented predictive role of SA for completed suicide and (ii) the evidence suggesting that individuals with BPII use significantly more violent and lethal methods than do individuals with BPI. To reduce suicide‐related morbidity and mortality, routine clinical care for BPII must include ongoing risk assessment and interventions targeted at risk factors.
Relationship of the Brief UCSD Performance‐based Skills Assessment (UPSA‐B) to multiple indicators of functioning in people with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Authors: Mausbach Brent T , Harvey Philip D , Pulver Ann E , Depp Colin A , Wolyniec Paula S , Thornquist Mary H , Luke James R , McGrath John A , Bowie Christopher R , Patterson Thomas L 
Published: January 2010

Mausbach BT, Harvey PD, Pulver AE, Depp CA, Wolyniec PS, Thornquist MH, Luke JR, McGrath JA, Bowie CR, Patterson TL. Relationship of the Brief UCSD Performance‐based Skills Assessment (UPSA‐B) to multiple indicators of functioning in people with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2010: 12: 45–55. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Objective:  This study assessed the relationship between multiple indicators of ‘real‐world’ functioning and scores on a brief performance‐based measure of functional capacity known as the Brief University of California San Diego (UCSD) Performance‐based Skills Assessment (UPSA‐B) in a sample of 205 patients with either serious bipolar disorder (n = 89) or schizophrenia (n = 116).Methods:  Participants were administered the UPSA‐B and assessed on the following functional domains: (i) independent living status (e.g., residing independently as head of household, living in residential care facility); (ii) informant reports of functioning (e.g., work skills, daily living skills); (iii) educational attainment and estimated premorbid IQ as measured by years of education and Wide Range Achievement Test reading scores, respectively; and (iv) employment.Results:  Better scores on the UPSA‐B were associated with greater residential independence after controlling for age, diagnosis, and symptoms of psychopathology. Among both bipolar disorder and schizophrenia patients, higher UPSA‐B scores were significantly related to better informant reports of functioning in daily living skills and work skills domains. Greater estimated premorbid IQ was associated with higher scores on the UPSA‐B for both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder participants. Participants who were employed scored higher on the UPSA‐B when controlling for age and diagnosis, but not when controlling for symptoms of psychopathology.Conclusions:  These data suggest the UPSA‐B may be useful for assessing capacity for functioning in a number of domains in both people diagnosed with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
Does lithium protect against dementia?
Authors: Kessing Lars Vedel , Forman Julie Lyng , Andersen Per Kragh 
Published: January 2010

Kessing LV, Forman JL, Andersen PK. Does lithium protect against dementia? Bipolar Disord 2010: 12: 87–94. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Objective:  To investigate whether treatment with lithium in patients with mania or bipolar disorder is associated with a decreased rate of subsequent dementia.Methods:  Linkage of register data on prescribed lithium in all patients discharged from psychiatric health care service with a diagnosis of mania or bipolar disorder and subsequent diagnoses of dementia in Denmark during a period from 1995 to 2005.Results:  A total of 4,856 patients with a diagnosis of a manic or mixed episode or bipolar disorder at their first psychiatric contact were included in the study. Among these patients, 2,449 were exposed to lithium (50.4%), 1,781 to anticonvulsants (36.7%), 4,280 to antidepressants (88.1%), and 3,901 to antipsychotics (80.3%) during the study period. A total of 216 patients received a diagnosis of dementia during follow‐up (103.6/10,000 person‐years). During the period following the second prescription of lithium, the rate of dementia was decreased compared to the period following the first prescription. In contrast, the rates of dementia during multiple prescription periods with anticonvulsants, antidepressants, or antipsychotics, respectively, were not significantly decreased compared to the rate of dementia during the period with one prescription of these drugs.Conclusions:  Continued treatment with lithium was associated with a reduced rate of dementia in patients with bipolar disorder in contrast to continued treatment with anticonvulsants, antidepressants, or antipsychotics. Methodological reasons for these findings cannot be excluded due to the nonrandomized nature of the data.
Parental perceptions of barriers to children's participation in organised sport in Australia
Authors: Hardy Louise L , Kelly Bridget , Chapman Kathy , King Lesley , Farrell Louise 
Published: January 2010

Aim:  To examine parents' perceptions on how cost, time, travel and the variety of organised sporting activities influence their decisions to allow their child to participate in organised sport; and recent expenditure on sport‐related items for their child.Methods:  Computerised assisted telephone interviews survey of 402 parents of children aged 5–17 years old living in New South Wales, Australia.Results:  Overall, 63% of children participated in organised sporting activities. Multivariate analysis shows that for parents of 5–12‐year old children, the decision to allow their child to participate in organised sports was strongly influenced by time (P < 0.00). The financial costs associated with a child's participation in organised sports influenced families with lower incomes (p = 0.01) and with girls (p=0.04), while for rural families the option of a wider variety of local sporting activities influenced decisions about their child's participation in organised sport (p=0.05). Footwear/uniforms were the main sporting related expense. Sydney parents were more likely to report sport related expenditures for their child (P < 0.01).Conclusions:  Sporting costs, variety and time commitments influenced parents' decisions about their child's participation in organised sport. These factors indicate the need for initiatives to promote access to organised sports through reducing costs and increasing variety, particularly for families with lower incomes and are living in rural and regional areas.
Urodynamic interpretation of changing bladder function and voiding pattern after radical prostatectomy: a long‐term follow‐up
Authors: Song Cheryn , Lee Jungmin , Hong Jun Hyuk , Choo Myung‐Soo , Kim Choung‐Soo , Ahn Hanjong 
Published: January 2010

Study Type – Diagnostic (exploratory cohort) Level of Evidence 2bOBJECTIVETo investigate and compare changes in the bladder function after radical prostatectomy (RP) and to correlate changes in subjective voiding symptoms with the observed changes in function.PATIENTS AND METHODSIn 72 patients who had RP between 2003 and 2004, we serially evaluated urodynamic studies (UDS) before RP and at 3, 6 and 36 months afterward. The short‐form International Continence Society‐male symptom questionnaire was also repeated at corresponding periods. Changes in bladder contraction and storage function after RP were compared for changes in subjective symptoms.RESULTSOn serial UDS, there were reductions in maximum cystometric capacity, maximum detrusor pressure and maximum urethral closure pressure (MUCP) at 3 months, after which all remained relatively unchanged. On the questionnaire, the voiding symptom domain score improved (8.04 to 4.82, P < 0.001) while the storage domain score significantly and progressively worsened, beginning from 3 months (2.25 to 3.78, P= 0.04), resulting in an unchanged overall urinary symptom‐related quality of life at 3 years. The incidence of detrusor overactivity increased from 37.5% before RP, to 45.8% at 3 months and 51.4% at 3 years. At 3 years, a recurring postvoid residual urine volume was the cause of the deterioration in the voiding symptom domain score, while a prominent reduction in MUCP resulted in a deterioration in the storage symptom score.CONCLUSIONSThere is a reduction in bladder capacity, detrusor and sphincteric activity immediately after RP, stabilizing thereafter but remaining significantly reduced at 3 years. Although voiding symptoms improved in most men, the significant deterioration in storage symptoms, which might be attributed to sphincteric incompetence in addition to increased detrusor overactivity, became a source of overall urinary bother in the long term.
PUBLIC DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ESTATES IN THE NETHERLANDS: UNDESIRED MARKET OUTCOMES AND POLICY INTERVENTIONS
Authors: VAN DER KRABBEN ERWIN , VAN DINTEREN JACQUES 
Published: January 2010

ABSTRACTThe Dutch market for industrial estates is dominated by municipalities who have always felt responsible for supplying sufficient industrial sites at all times. As a result, a number of undesired market outcomes have occurred in this market, including oversupply of land and a high rate of deteriorating industrial estates. Policy interventions have been announced that must improve market outcomes. This paper analyses those undesired market outcomes and compares them with development processes in other European countries. We will argue that the effectiveness of the present set of interventions – all meant to adjust the present institutional order – can be improved, when they are accompanied by interventions meant to restructure this institutional order. The latter set of interventions, based on recent Coasian planning literature, includes the pricing of externalities, reduction of the rights of municipalities to develop industrial estates and a change of the conditions in industrial properties tenancy contracts.
COMMENTS ON NIJMAN'S ‘A STUDY OF SPACE IN MUMBAI'S SLUMS’. FROM SLUMDOG TO MUMBAIKAR: A SPACE ODYSSEY?
Authors: DRUIJVEN PETER 
Published: January 2010

ABSTRACTFollowing a brief sketch of the shift within development geography from rural to urban themes, this paper examines Nijman's description and analysis of Mumbai's slums. This is characterised by a historical and geographical stratification, with an emphasis on the congruence of economic and social geography in Dharavi. His analysis is conducted primarily at the community level. In this commentary the reader's attention is drawn to the livelihood strategy approach, which originated from the rural context but is also relevant in the slum setting. Such an approach could be useful in documenting the dynamic of slums and of the households that inhabit them. But households are just one of the actors in this struggle for space. Also making an appearance are public authorities, NGOs and businesses, each with a claim to the same space. At the same time, the struggle is played out at several levels and is imbedded in the local situation, which makes comparative and longitudinal research an interesting way to define the place of slums and their inhabitants.
KNOWLEDGE AND THE EUROPEAN CITY
Authors: VAN WINDEN WILLEM 
Published: January 2010

ABSTRACTThis paper discusses and illustrates the ‘knowledge turn’ in urban policy across Europe. We identify four manifestations of it: 1) widespread efforts to lure knowledge workers; 2) a growing involvement of knowledge institutes in urban development and planning processes, 3) an explicit ‘knowledge based’ approach to planning and the design of public space, and 4) efforts to underline a ‘knowledge city’ identity using all kinds of marketing and branding techniques.
COMMENTS ON NIJMAN'S ‘A STUDY OF SPACE IN MUMBAI'S SLUMS’
Authors: PANDIT KAVITA 
Published: January 2010

ABSTRACTThis commentary on Nijman's presentation at the 100th anniversary celebration of TESG underlines how his study of the Mumbai slum reconciles the multiple dualisms that lie at the core of the study of economic and social geography. The dualisms that are identified are located in the personal impressions of the urban landscape, the supposed homogeneity of the informal settlements, and the assumed barriers between the informal and the formal economy. The paper argues the importance of adding a personal reflection on doing research in a slum environment.
Description of a new species of Phylloscopus warbler from Vietnam and Laos
Authors: ALSTRÖM PER , DAVIDSON PETE , DUCKWORTH J. W. , EAMES JONATHAN C. , LE TRAI TRONG , NGUYEN CU , OLSSON URBAN , ROBSON CRAIG , TIMMINS ROB 
Published: January 2010

A new species of Phylloscopus warbler, which we name Phylloscopus calciatilis Limestone Leaf Warbler, is described from central and northern Vietnam and central and northern Laos; it probably also breeds in southernmost China. In morphology, the new species is very similar to Sulphur‐breasted Warbler Phylloscopus ricketti, but it is smaller with a proportionately larger bill and rounder wing. Its song and calls are diagnostic. Based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, the new species is most closely related to P. ricketti and Yellow‐vented Warbler Phylloscopus cantator, and it is inferred to be sister to the latter. The mitochondrial divergences between these three species are at the low end of the variation found in other species of Phylloscopus and Seicercus warblers, but greater than in other taxa generally treated as subspecies. Possible introgressive hybridization between the new species and P. ricketti is discussed, but more data are needed to establish whether it does occur and, if it does, to what extent. The new species appears to have a restricted breeding range in limestone karst environments, where it is locally common and therefore not under any immediate threat. In view of the recognition of the new species, all previous records of P. ricketti sensu lato need to be re‐evaluated.