bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of APRIL in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphomas from Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: LÖFSTRÖM BJÖRN , BACKLIN CARIN , PETTERSSON TOM , LUNDBERG INGRID E. , BAECKLUND EVA 
Published: July 2011

Objective.Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have an increased risk of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The cytokine A PRoliferating-Inducing Ligand (APRIL) is strongly expressed in DLBCL in the general population and is detected in high concentrations in sera from subgroups of patients with RA and SLE. To investigate a possible association between APRIL and DLBCL in RA and SLE, we examined APRIL expression in lymphoma biopsies from patients with RA and SLE and from DLBCL patients without inflammatory disease.Methods.Lymphoma tissue from 95 RA, 12 SLE, and 63 comparator DLBCL cases were stained with anti-APRIL antibodies (Aprily-2). The percentage of positively stained cells of the comparator cases were divided into quartiles (1–4, where 4 = most stained) and compared with the results for the RA and SLE lymphomas. APRIL expression was correlated to clinical variables.Results.The odds ratio for high expression of APRIL (quartiles 3 and 4) was elevated in the SLE DLBCL (OR 23.6, 95% CI 2.4–231.2), but not in the RA DLBCL (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.3–2.0). RA patients in quartile 4 had higher cumulated RA disease activity than those in quartile 1 (p = 0.013). Epstein-Barr virus in the lymphoma tissue was associated with high APRIL expression (p = 0.009).Conclusion.The high expression of APRIL in DLBCL in SLE and in an RA subset might indicate an association between APRIL and lymphoma in these subsets of rheumatic diseases, but could also reflect a dysregulation of APRIL per se in these patient groups.
Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts Is Decreased in Patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (ERA Category) and Inversely Correlates with Disease Activity and S100A12 Levels
Authors: MYLES ARPITA , VISWANATH VISHAD , SINGH YOGESH PREET , AGGARWAL AMITA 
Published: July 2011

Objective.Membrane-bound receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (mRAGE) is overexpressed in response to increasing concentrations of its ligand (e.g., S100A12) and triggers an inflammatory immune response. In contrast, soluble RAGE (sRAGE) acts as a decoy receptor and downmodulates inflammation. Decreased sRAGE levels are associated with autoimmune diseases; however, limited data are available in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). We studied sRAGE levels in patients with JIA [enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA) category].Methods.sRAGE levels were estimated in the serum of patients with ERA JIA (n = 101), systemic-onset JIA and polyarticular JIA (n = 10 each), and healthy controls (n = 45). Synovial fluid (SF) sRAGE was measured in patients with ERA, rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis, and osteoarthritis (n = 10). Levels of S100A12 were also measured. Twenty-four patients with ERA were followed for 4 months. Disease activity was assessed by swollen joint count (SJC), tender joint count (TJC), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). All levels are expressed as median (range).Results.The serum sRAGE (pg/ml) level was significantly lower in patients compared to healthy controls [515 (64–1887) vs 1542 (627–3159); p < 0.0001]. In paired samples, SF had lower levels compared to corresponding plasma level [102 (51–799) vs 481 (134–1006); p < 0.0001]. The level of S100A12 (ng/ml) was higher in SF (1042; 573–1415) than serum (638; 208–779). Serum sRAGE correlated negatively with S100A12 levels (r = −0.474; p < 0.01.), ESR (r = −0.306; p < 0.01), and SJC (r = −0.237; p < 0.05), but not with TJC (r = −0.134; p = NS). The levels of sRAGE remained stable over time in patients with stable disease.Conclusion.Levels of sRAGE are reduced in patients with ERA and correlate negatively with disease activity and S100A12 levels. sRAGE may be a modulator of inflammation in these patients.
Ferdinand Tönnies, sociologue empiriste
Authors: Zimmermann Bénédicte 
Published: July 2011

Résumé Ferdinand Tönnies est surtout connu en France pour sa contribution à la théorie sociologique. Rarement relevé, son engagement en faveur de la sociologie empirique participe pourtant d’un débat central de l’histoire des sciences sociales allemandes de l’après Première Guerre mondiale. Dans le texte « Statistique et sociographie », écrit en 1928 mais traduit ici pour la première fois en français, Tönnies livre un vibrant plaidoyer en faveur d’une science empirique du social qu’il appelle la sociographie. Un premier trait marquant de ce plaidoyer est qu’il intervient à contre-courant du rempli théorique qui marque alors la sociologie allemande naissante ; un second est qu’il dénonce la prétention de la statistique à satisfaire l’ensemble des exigences d’une science empirique du social et appelle à l’articulation entre méthode quantitative et qualitative, approche déductive et inductive. Tout en donnant accès à un pan original de l’œuvre de Tönnies et à une meilleure connaissance de sa sociologie, ce texte offre un témoignage historique sur la constitution des disciplines de sciences sociales en Allemagne. Enfin, il alimente un débat épistémologique majeur, dont l’actualité reste aujourd’hui entière, sur le statut et les usages de la statistique.
Proust ethnographe et policier symbolique
Authors: Pouly Marie-Pierre 
Published: July 2011

Résumé Dans la deuxième partie du XIX e siècle, la combinaison de l’expansion industrielle et commerciale britannique, de la diffusion progressive des voyages et de l’enseignement des langues vivantes, y compris auprès de la petite bourgeoisie, contribue à étendre le nombre et le type d’agents susceptibles de manipuler les choses anglaises, bien linguistique et symbolique dont l’aristocratie possédait antérieurement le quasi monopole. À condition de mettre au jour les conditions sociales de possibilité de l’hypersensibilité linguistique qui porte Marcel Proust, ethnographe et sociolinguiste (avant l’heure) des classes dominantes entre les années 1870 et 1920, à l’objectivation des stratégies de distinction linguistique de ses contemporains, on peut voir dans À la recherche du temps perdu un document précieux pour rapporter les transformations de l’usage des choses et des mots anglais aux transformations de l’espace social et de ses modes de reproduction, notamment scolaires.
Occupational Therapy Students' Choice of Client Activities: Does Patients' Gender Matter?
Authors: Liedberg Gunilla , Hensing Gunnel 
Published: July 2011

Aim: In order to achieve a fairer system of health care, it is important that the research and education of health professionals, as well as the organisation of health care, takes into account the gender perspective. The gender order influences women's and men's lifestyles and living conditions and, through this, their health, quality of life and daily activities. The aim of the present study was to explore the perceptions of gender in occupational therapy students in their choice of activities: do students choose activities according to traditional roles? Method: The method was a fictional case study containing 16 activities. Each student was given a copy of one of the versions of the case, Eric or Erica. The students were told to underline the three activities regarded as being of most benefit for the actual patient. Eight male and 99 female students participated. Results: The most chosen activities were cooking, visits to cafeterias and gardening, and the least chosen were spinning, laundry and computer work. The results showed that the students made choices based on traditional gender roles. Conclusion: Extended knowledge is needed about how gender is constructed in occupational therapy, and about whether gendered choices contribute to a prolonged period of treatment or rehabilitation, or the opposite.
Convergent Validity of Two Visual Motor Integration Tests
Authors: Brown Ted , Chinner Alex , Stagnitti Karen 
Published: July 2011

Background: Occupational therapists often assess visual motor integration (VMI) skills. It is, therefore, imperative that therapists use VMI tests with robust measurement properties. Objective: This study examined the convergent validity of two VMI tests used to assess children, adolescents and adults. Method: Three groups of healthy participants (n = 153) completed the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration (DTVMI) and the Full Range Test of Visual Motor Integration (FRTVMI). Seventy-three children aged 5–10 years (37 males and 36 females; mean age 7.5 years, SD = 2.20), 19 adolescents aged 11–17 years (8 males and 11 females; 13.1 years, SD = 2.16), and 61 adults (18 males and 43 females; mean age 31.82 years, SD = 11.20) completed the DTVMI and the FRTVMI. Spearman rho correlation coefficients were used to investigate whether each pair of the VMI test scores for each of the three participant age groups were associated. Results: The Spearman rho correlation coefficients between all three versions of the DTVMI and FRTVMI were statistically significant. For the child group, the correlation coefficient was rho = 0.70 (p<0.000), while the correlation between the VMI scores obtained by the adolescent group on the two tests was rho = 0.77 (p<0.000). For the adult participant group, the correlation coefficient between the DTVMI and the FRTVMI was rho = 0.70 (p<0.000). Conclusion: The VMI scores obtained by the three participant age groups on the DTVMI and the FRTVMI were all significantly correlated with each other. Overall, the DTVMI and the FRTVMI exhibited large levels of convergent validity with each other, indicating that the two tests appear to measure similar visual-motor integration constructs.
Aerosol‐Spraying Synthesis of Periodic Mesoporous Organometalsilica Spheres with Chamber Cavities as Active and Reusable Catalysts in Aqueous Organic Reactions
Authors: Zhang Fang , Kang Chunmei , Wei Yongyi , Li Hexing 
Published: July 2011

AbstractOrganometal‐bridged periodic mesoporous catalysts with uniform spheres containing cavities in chambers were synthesized by rapid aerosol‐spray assisted co‐condensation between organometallic silane and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in the presence of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and NaCl double templates. The as‐prepared M‐PPh2‐PMO(H) catalysts (M = Pd2+, Rh+ and Ru2+) were used in various water‐medium organic reactions with the aim of diminishing environmental pollution from organic solvents. These catalysts exhibited high catalytic activities and selectivities owing to the high surface area, the uniform distribution of active sites, the ordered mesoporous channels and especially, the cavities as microreactors which facilitated the diffusion and adsorption of organic reactants. Meanwhile, they also displayed strong durability and could be used repeatedly owing to the organometals incorporated into silica walls and the presence of chamber cavities which could effectively protect the ordered mesoporous structure from damage and also inhibit the leaching of active sites.
Vibrationally Assisted Polariton‐Relaxation Processes in Strongly Coupled Organic‐Semiconductor Microcavities
Authors: Coles David M. , Michetti Paolo , Clark Caspar , Tsoi Wing Chung , Adawi Ali M. , Kim Ji‐Seon , Lidzey David G. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIf a semiconductor with an electronic transition that approximates a two‐level system is placed within an optical cavity, strong coupling can occur between the confined photons and the semiconductor excitons. This coupling can result in the formation of cavity polariton states that are a coherent superposition of light and matter. If the material in the cavity is an organic semiconductor, it has been predicted that interactions between Frenkel excitons, polaritons, and molecular vibrational modes will have a profound role in defining the overall relaxation dynamics of the system. Here, using temperature‐dependent spectroscopy on a microcavity containing a J‐ aggregated cyanine dye, it is shown that a spectrum of localized vibrational modes (identified by Raman scattering) enhances the population of certain polaritonic modes by acting as an energy‐loss channel to the excitons as they undergo scattering. Our work demonstrates that simultaneous control of the optical properties of a cavity and the vibrational structure of a molecular dye could promote the efficient population of k = 0 polariton states, from which lasing and other cooperative phenomena may occur.
Qualitätssicherung für Rissfüllungen: ein neuer Ansatz mit bildgebenden Ultraschallverfahren
Authors: Friese Martin , Vogdt Frank U. , Wiggenhauser Herbert 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWerden Risse in Betonbauteilen durch Verfüllen saniert, so lassen sich drei Kriterien zur Beurteilung des Erfolgs festlegen: die Kraftschlüssigkeit, die Wasserundurchlässigkeit und die Vollständigkeit der Füllung. Kraftschlüssigkeit und Wasserundurchlässigkeit lassen sich relativ einfach am sanierten Bauteil überprüfen, die Prüfung auf Vollständigkeit der Füllung kann derzeit nur zerstörend durch Entnahme von Bohrkernen erfolgen. Mit fortgeschrittenen, bildgebenden Ultraschallverfahren lassen sich für Füllgüter auf Zementbasis (Zementleim, Zementsuspension) sowie Epoxidharz signifikante Unterschiede zwischen offenen, teilweise verfüllten und vollständig verfüllten Rissen feststellen.Quality control for crack repair: a new approach using ultrasonic imagingIf cracks in concrete elements are repaired by filling them with epoxy, polyurethane or a cement based filler, there are three criteria for the repair quality: there should be a non‐positive connection between the crack's edges, the repaired crack should be watertight, and it should be completely filled. While the first two criteria can easily be verified, to date the only way to get information about the completeness of the filling has been to drill cores. By applying advanced ultrasonic imaging techniques, significant differences between empty, partially filled and completely filled cracks can be observed for epoxy or cement based fillers.
Randomized clinical trial of combined preincisional infiltration and intraperitoneal instillation of levobupivacaine for postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (Br J Surg 2011; 98: 784–789)
Authors: Futier E , Petit A , Pezet D 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
The Editors welcome topical correspondence from readers relating to articles published in the Journal. Responses should be sent electronically via the BJS website (http://www.bjs.co.uk). All letters will be reviewed and, if approved, appear on the website. A selection of these will be edited and published in the Journal. Letters must be no more than 250 words in length.
Design and Synthesis of Sphingomyelin–Cholesterol Conjugates and Their Formation of Ordered Membranes
Authors: Matsumori Nobuaki , Tanada Norio , Nozu Kohei , Okazaki Hiroki , Oishi Tohru , Murata Michio 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA lipid raft is a cholesterol (Chol)‐rich microdomain floating in a sea of lipid bilayers. Although Chol is thought to interact preferentially with sphingolipids such as sphingomyelin (SM), rather than with glycerophospholipids, the origin of the specific interaction has remained unresolved, primarily because of the high mobility of lipid molecules and weak intermolecular interactions. In this study, we synthesized SM–Chol conjugates with functionally designed linker portions to restrain Chol mobility and examined their formation of ordered membranes by a detergent insolubility assay, fluorescence anisotropy experiments, and fluorescence‐quenching assay. In all of the tests, membranes prepared from the conjugates showed properties of ordered domains comparable to a SM–Chol (1:1) membrane. To gain insight into the structure of bilayers composed from the conjugates, we performed molecular dynamics simulations with 64 molecules of the conjugates, which suggested that the conjugates form a stable bilayer structure by bending at the linker portion and, mostly, reproduce the hydrogen bonds between the SM and Chol portions. These results imply that the molecular recognition between SM and Chol in an ordered domain is essentially reproduced by the conjugated molecules and, thus, demonstrates that these conjugate molecules could potentially serve as molecular probes for understanding molecular recognition in lipid rafts.
A Carbon Material as a Strong Protonic Acid for Efficient Synthesis of 4(3H)‐Quinazolinones
Authors: Tavakoli‐Hoseini Niloofar , Davoodnia Abolghasem 
Published: July 2011

AbstractCarbon‐based solid acid catalyst has been applied to catalyzing the synthesis of 4(3H)‐quinazolinones from the cyclization reaction of 2‐aminobenzamide with aroyl chlorides. The results showed that the catalyst was very efficient with the average yield over 85%. This carbon material with strong protonic acid sites as heterogeneous catalyst has some advantages such as high activity, strikingly simple work‐up procedure, non‐pollution, and reusability, which will contribute to the green process greatly.
Chiral Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed Enantioselective Allylation of Aldehydes with Allyltrichlorosilane
Authors: Cheng Ke , Fan Tiantian , Sun Jian 
Published: July 2011

AbstractEasily accessible chiral phosphoric acid 1b has been applied as efficient organocatalyst for the asymmetric allylation of aldehydes with allyltrichlorosilane. In the presence of 20 mol% of 1b, the allylation of a broad range of aldehydes proceeded smoothly to give the corresponding homoallylic alcohol with up to 87% ee and 97% yield.
A Brief Summary of Carbon Nanotubes Science and Technology: A Health and Safety Perspective
Authors: Wick Peter , Clift Martin J. D. , Rösslein Matthias , Rothen‐Rutishauser Barbara 
Published: July 2011

AbstractEngineered nanomaterials, particularly carbon nanotubes (CNTs), hold great promise for a variety of industrial, consumer, and biomedical applications, due to their outstanding and novel properties. Over the last two decades many different types of CNTs have been produced at the industrial scale. Therefore, the exposure risk to humans associated with such a mass scale production has also increased substantially. This has led to increased concerns about the potential adverse health effects that may be associated with human exposure to CNTs, predominantly because of to their size, their shape, and chemistry. CNTs are also intended for use in many biomedical applications, and therefore their biocompatibility, biodistribution, and fate needs to be carefully assessed. This Minireview intends to highlight the current state of the assessment of potential adverse human health effects possibly associated with CNT exposure, as well as the challenges related to and posed by CNT safety research. The importance of reliability and comparison within and between different studies, as regards the test systems employed, is discussed as well as many other essential aspects relative to CNT safety research, for example efficient and comprehensive characterization, are discussed in the view of an improvement in data collection.
Differential requirement of IKK2 for CYLD‐dependent representation of thymic and peripheral T‐cell populations
Authors: Tsagaratou Ageliki , Grammenoudi Sofia , Mosialos George 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe cylindromatosis tumor suppressor gene (Cyld) encodes an enzyme (CYLD) with deubiquitinating activity that has been implicated in the regulation of thymocyte selection in an NF‐κB‐essential‐modulator (NEMO)‐dependent manner. The main known molecular defects in thymocytes with inactive CYLD (LckCre‐Cyldflx9/flx9) are the aberrant hyperactivation of NF‐κB and JNK pathways. In order to dissect further the molecular mechanism of CYLD‐dependent thymocyte selection and address the role of NF‐κB specifically, we generated double mutant mice (LckCre‐Cyldflx9/flx9‐Ikk2flx/flx) in which CYLD was inactivated concomitantly with IKK2 (IκB‐kinase 2) in thymocytes. Interestingly, thymic development and NF‐κB activity in double mutant mice were fully restored, indicating that an IKK2‐dependent function of CYLD that leads to the hyperactivation of the NF‐κB pathway is primarily responsible for the defective selection of thymocytes. Intriguingly, we observed a greater reduction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the periphery of LckCre‐Cyldflx9/flx9‐Ikk2flx/flx mice compared with LckCre‐Ikk2flx/flx mice. Collectively, our data establish CYLD as a critical regulator of thymocyte selection in a manner that depends on IKK2 and NF‐κB activation. In addition, our data uncover an IKK2‐independent role for CYLD in the establishment of physiological T‐cell populations in the periphery.
TGF‐β signaling via Smad4 drives IL‐10 production in effector Th1 cells and reduces T‐cell trafficking in EAE
Authors: Huss David J. , Winger Ryan C. , Cox Gina Mavrikis , Guerau‐de‐Arellano Mireia , Yang Yuhong , Racke Michael K. , Lovett‐Racke Amy E. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractEffector Th1 cells perpetuate inflammatory damage in a number of autoimmune diseases, including MS and its animal model EAE. Recently, a self‐regulatory mechanism was described in which effector Th1 cells produce the immunomodulatory cytokine IL‐10 to dampen the inflammatory response in both normal and autoimmune inflammation. While the presence of TGF‐β has been suggested to enhance and stabilize an IFN‐γ+IL‐10+ phenotype, the molecular mechanism is poorly understood. Additionally, in the context of adoptive transfer EAE, it is unclear whether IL‐10 acts on the transferred Th1 cells or on endogenous host cells. In the present study, using myelin‐specific TCR‐Tg mice, we show that repetitive Ag stimulation of effector Th1 cells in the presence of TGF‐β increases the population of IFN‐γ+IL‐10+ cells, which correlates with a decrease in EAE severity. Additionally, TGF‐β signaling causes binding of Smad4 to the IL‐10 promoter, providing molecular evidence for TGF‐β‐mediated IL‐10 production from Th1 effector cells. Finally, this study demonstrates that IL‐10 not only reduces encephalitogenic markers such as IFN‐γ and T‐bet on Th1 effector cells expressing the IL‐10R but also prevents recruitment of both transferred and host‐derived inflammatory T cells. These data establish a regulatory mechanism by which highly activated Th1 effector cells modulate their pathogenicity through the induction of IL‐10.
Trüffelschwein und Textarbeiter
Authors: Hömberg Walter 
Published: July 2011

AbstractSie stehen im Schatten der Autoren, und doch könnte kein literarisches Werk ohne sie erscheinen: die Lektoren. Eine Studie zeichnet nun erstmals ein Soziogramm ihres Berufsstandes, analysiert Arbeitsalltag, Selbst‐ und Fremdwahrnehmung – und räumt mit hartnäckigen Klischees auf.
Der Pendler – das unbekannte Wesen
Authors: Holz‐Rau Christian , Guth Dennis , Scheiner Joachim 
Published: July 2011

AbstractVon der Wohnung zur Arbeit – mal kurz, mal lang: Für immer mehr Menschen in Großstadtregionen ist das Berufspendeln längst notwendige Normalität. Für die Wissenschaft ist es ein hochkomplexes Phänomen, das gerade erst entdeckt wird.