bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A deep learning‐based multivariate decomposition and ensemble framework for container throughput forecasting
Authors: Kulshrestha Anurag , Yadav Abhishek , Sharma Himanshu , Suman Shikha 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTraditional linear models struggle to capture the intricate relationship between dynamic container throughput and its complex interplay with economic fluctuations. This study introduces a novel, deep learning‐based multivariate framework for precision in demanding landscapes. The framework consistently outperforms eight established benchmark models by employing vital economic indicators like GDP and port tonnage, identified through rigorous predictor importance analysis of an initial set of four variables, including imports and exports. Statistical significance is demonstrably achieved through the Diebold–Mariano and Wilcoxon rank‐sum tests. Utilizing the Port of Singapore as a case study, the framework offers agile adaptability for the ever‐evolving global supply chain. Comprehensive analyses ensure robustness, decoding intricate throughput dynamics. Incorporating noise‐assisted multivariate empirical mode decomposition (NA‐MEMD) for nonlinear decomposition and bidirectional long short‐term memory (BiLSTM) for time series dependencies, this innovative approach holds promise for revolutionizing container throughput forecasting and enhancing competitiveness in the global market through optimized resource allocation and streamlined operations.
Intelligent algorithm based on deep learning to predict the dosage for anesthesia: A study on prediction of drug efficacy based on deep learning
Authors: Hu ZhiGang , Pan GuangJian , Wang XinZheng , Li KeHan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsAnesthetic drugs play a vital role during surgery, however, due to individual differences and complex physiological mechanisms, the prediction of anesthetic drug dosage has always been a challenging problem. In this study, we propose a model for predicting the dosage of anesthetic drugs based on deep learning to help anesthesiologists better control their dosage during surgical procedures.MethodsWe design a model based on the artificial neural network to predict the dosage of preoperative anesthetic, and use the SELU activation function and the loss function for weighted regularization to solve the problem of unbalanced sample. Moreover, we design a CNN‐based model for the prior extraction of intraoperative features by using a 7 × 1 convolution kernel to enhance the receptive field, and combine maximum pooling and average pooling to extract key features while eliminating noise. A predictive model based on the LSTM network is designed to predict the intraoperative dosage of the anesthetic, and the bidirectional propagation‐based LSTM network is used to improve the ability to learn the trend of changes in the physiological states of the patient during surgery. An attention module is added before the connection layer to appropriately attend to areas containing prominent features.ResultsThe results of experiments showed that the proposed method reduced values of the MAPE to 15.83% and 12.25% compared with the traditional method in predictions of the preoperative and intraoperative doses of the anesthetic, respectively, and increased the values of to 0.887 and 0.915, respectively.ConclusionThe intelligent anesthesia prediction algorithm designed in this study can effectively predict the dosage of anesthetic drugs needed by patients, assist clinical judgment of anesthetic drug dose, and assist the anesthesiologists to ensure the smooth progress of the operation.
Cytokine Mimetics with Various Modalities
Authors: Sakai Katsuya , Sato Hiroki , Matsumoto Kunio 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCytokines play a central role in regulating cell communication and signal transduction, since they influence processes such as immunity, hematopoiesis, inflammatory disease, cancer, neurological disorders, and tissue healing. Notably, certain cytokines have been used clinically as protein therapeutics for conditions such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, and viral infections. Despite their therapeutic potential, cytokines often pose challenges, including side effects, stability constraints, and suboptimal pharmacokinetics. To address these limitations, there is growing interest in using diverse modalities to develop alternative cytokines with enhanced properties and therapeutic benefits. Of these modalities, effective high‐throughput screening of macrocyclic peptides enabled by RNA‐based catalysis has emerged as a promising candidate method for the development of alternative cytokines. Here, we focus on the development of cytokine alternatives using various approaches and explore prospects for their future use as therapeutic agents.
Hot‐carrier engineering for two‐dimensional integrated infrared optoelectronics
Authors: Yu Yuanfang , Zhang Jialin , Wang Lianhui , Ni Zhenhua , Lu Junpeng , Gao Li 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPlasmonic hot carrier engineering holds great promise for advanced infrared optoelectronic devices. The process of hot carrier transfer has the potential to surpass the spectral limitations of semiconductors, enabling detection of sub‐bandgap infrared photons. By harvesting hot carriers prior to thermalization, energy dissipation is minimized, leading to highly efficient photoelectric conversion. Distinguished from conventional band‐edge carriers, the ultrafast interfacial transfer and ballistic transport of hot carriers present unprecedented opportunities for high‐speed photoelectric conversion. However, a complete description on the underlying mechanism of hot‐carrier infrared optoelectronic device is still lacking, and the utilization of this strategy for tailoring infrared response is in its early stages. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the generation, transfer and transport dynamics of hot carriers. Basic principles of hot‐carrier conversion in heterostructures are discussed in detail. In addition, progresses of two‐dimensional (2D) infrared hot‐carrier optoelectronic devices are summarized, with a specific emphasis on photodetectors, solar cells, light‐emitting devices and novel functionalities through hot‐carrier engineering. Furthermore, challenges and prospects of hot‐carrier device towards infrared applications are highlighted.image
Resurgence of destructive behavior following decreases in alternative reinforcement: A prospective analysis
Authors: Greer Brian D. , Shahan Timothy A. , Irwin Helvey Casey , Fisher Wayne W. , Mitteer Daniel R. , Fuhrman Ashley M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBasic and retrospective translational research has shown that the magnitude of resurgence is determined by the size of the decrease in alternative reinforcement, with larger decreases producing more resurgence. However, this finding has not been evaluated prospectively with a clinical population. In Experiment 1, five participants experienced a fixed progression of reinforcement schedule‐thinning steps during treatment of their destructive behavior. Resurgence occurred infrequently across steps and participants, and when resurgence did occur, its clinical meaningfulness was often minimal. In Experiment 2, five new participants experienced these same schedule‐thinning steps but in a counterbalanced order. Resurgence occurred most often and was generally largest with larger decreases in alternative reinforcement programmed earlier in the evaluation. Large decreases in alternative reinforcement may be more problematic clinically when they occur earlier in treatment. Whether larger transitions can be recommended in the clinic following the success of smaller ones will require additional research.
Naringenin mitigates aluminum toxicity‐induced learning memory impairments and neurodegeneration through amelioration of oxidative stress
Authors: Rai Ravina , Jat Deepali , Mishra Siddhartha Kumar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAluminum chloride (AlCl3) is a potent neurotoxic substance known to cause memory impairment and oxidative stress‐dependent neurodegeneration. Naringenin (NAR) is a dietary flavonoid with potent antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties which was implemented against AlCl3‐induced neurotoxicity to ascertain its neuroprotective efficacy. Experimental neurotoxicity in mice was induced by exposure of AlCl3 (10 mg/kg, p.o.) followed by treatment with NAR (10 mg/kg, p.o.) for a total of 63 days. Assessed the morphometric, learning memory dysfunction (novel object recognition, T‐ and Y‐maze tests), neuronal oxidative stress, and histopathological alteration in different regions of the brain, mainly cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, and cerebellum. AlCl3 significantly suppressed the spatial learning and memory power which were notably improved by administration of NAR. The levels of oxidative stress parameters nitric oxide, advanced oxidation of protein products, protein carbonylation, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, reduced glutathione, and the activity of acetylcholine esterase were altered 1.5–3 folds by AlCl3 significantly. Treatment of NAR remarkably restored the level of oxidative stress parameters and maintained the antioxidant defense system. AlCl3 suppressed the expression of neuronal proliferation marker NeuN that was restored by NAR treatment which may be a plausible mechanism. NAR showed therapeutic efficacy as a natural supplement against aluminum‐intoxicated memory impairments and histopathological alteration through a mechanism involving an antioxidant defense system and neuronal proliferation.
Narcissistic personality disorder in the ICD‐11: Severity and trait profiles of grandiosity and vulnerability
Authors: Day Nicholas J. S. , Green Ava , Denmeade Georgia , Bach Bo , Grenyer Brin F. S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractModern diagnostic and classification frameworks such as the ICD‐11 and DSM‐5‐AMPD have adopted a dimensional approach to diagnosing personality disorder using a dual “severity” and “trait” model. As narcissistic personality has historically struggled to be adequately captured in dominant diagnostic systems, this study investigated the utility of the new ICD‐11 framework in capturing diverse narcissistic expressions. Participants were mental health clinicians (N = 180, 67% female, age = 38.9), who completed ratings of ICD‐11 personality severity, trait domains and a clinical reflection for two hypothetical case vignettes reflecting either prototypical “grandiose” or “vulnerable” narcissism. The majority of clinicians (82%) endorsed a diagnosis of personality disorder for both grandiose and vulnerable vignettes. Discriminant elements of personality impairment included rigid, unrealistically positive self‐view, low empathy and high conflict with others for grandiosity, and incoherent identity, low self‐esteem and hypervigilant, avoidant relations with others for vulnerability. Regarding trait profile, grandiose narcissism was predominately dissocial whereas vulnerable narcissism was primarily associated with negative affectivity and detachment. Qualitative responses highlight distinct clinical themes for each presentation. These findings suggest that clinicians using the ICD‐11 framework are able to identify common core elements of personality dysfunction in grandiose and vulnerable narcissism while also recognizing their distinctive differences.
The usefulness of trans‐splenic retrocardiac imaging in prone positioned critically ill patients
Authors: Catena Emanuele , Rizzuto Chiara , Borghi Beatrice , Bergomi Paola , Guglielmetti Luigi , Gambarini Matteo , Paratico Cristopher , Volontè Alessandra , Gavanna Giulia , Fossali Tommaso , Colombo Riccardo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the last few years prone positioning has been used increasingly in the treatment of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and this maneuver is now considered a simple and safe method to improve oxygenation. Hemodynamic monitoring by echocardiography may be required but prone positioning imposes certain challenges limiting standard examination. The article describes the application of the “trans‐splenic retrocardiac view,” a little‐known echographic window for obtaining Doppler parameters from the back in prone‐positioned patients.
Predictive genetic testing for Huntington's disease: Exploring participant experiences of uncertainty and ambivalence between clinic appointments
Authors: Ballard L. M. , Doheny S. , Dimond R. , Lucassen A. M. , Clarke A. J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAmbivalence and uncertainty are key themes throughout the psychology of healthcare literature. This is especially so for individuals at risk of Huntington's disease (HD) deliberating the decision to undergo genetic testing because there is currently no treatment that modifies disease progression. A better understanding of the experience of making a decision about genetic prediction will help practitioners support and guide individuals through this process. Our aim was to capture participants' experiences of uncertainty and ambivalence in between their genetic counseling appointments. We explored these issues through the experiences of nine participants who were referred for predictive HD testing at four regional genetics services in England and Wales. Data consisted of recordings of clinic consultations, diaries, and an in‐depth interview conducted at the end of the testing process. Data were analyzed thematically. Four themes were identified representing four possible futures, each future dependent on the decision to undergo testing and the result of that test. Our results showed that participants, as well as attending more to a future that represents their current situation of not having undergone predictive testing, also attended more to a distant future where a positive predictive result is received and symptoms have started. Participants attended less to the two futures that were more immediate once testing was undertaken (a future where a positive result is received and symptoms have not started and a future where a negative result is received). The use of diaries gave us a unique insight into these participants' experiences of ambivalence and uncertainty, psychological distress, and the emotional burden experienced. These findings help inform discussions within the clinic appointment as well as encourage researchers to consider diary use as a method of exploring what happens for individuals outside of clinical encounters.
New initiation of opioids, benzodiazepines and antipsychotics following hospitalization for COVID‐19
Authors: Harrison Samantha , Capers Krystal , Chen Guanqing , Liu Ji T. , Pannu Ameeka , Goodspeed Valerie , Leibowitz Akiva , Bose Somnath 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundPatients newly initiated on opioids (OP), benzodiazepines (BZD), and antipsychotics (AP) during hospitalization are often prescribed these on discharge. Implications of this practice on outcomes remains unexplored.ObjectiveTo explore the prevalence and risk factors of new initiation of select OP, BZD and AP among patients requiring in‐patient stays. Test the hypothesis that new prescriptions are associated with higher odds of readmission or death within 28 days of discharge.DesignSingle center retrospective cohort study.Setting and ParticipantsPatients admitted to a tertiary‐level medical center with either a primary diagnosis of RT‐PCR positive for COVID‐19 or high index of clinical suspicion thereof.InterventionNone.Main Outcome and MeasuresExposure was the new initiation of select common OP, BZD, and AP which were continued on hospital discharge. Outcome was a composite of 28‐day readmission or death following index admission. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess patient mortality or readmission within 28 days of discharge associated with new prescriptions at discharge.Results1319 patients were included in the analysis. 11.3% (149/1319) were discharged with a new prescription of select OP, BZD, or AP either alone or in combination. OP (110/149) were most prescribed followed by BZD (41/149) and AP (22/149). After adjusting for unbalanced confounders, new prescriptions (adjusted odds ratio: 2.44, 95% confidence interval: 1.42–4.12; p = .001) were associated with readmission or death within 28 days of discharge. One in nine patients admitted with a diagnosis of COVID‐19 or high clinical suspicion thereof were discharged with a new prescription of either OP, BZD or AP. New prescriptions were associated with higher odds of 28‐day readmission or death. Strengthening medication reconciliation processes focused on these classes may reduce avoidable harm.
Person‐centred interventions to improve patient−provider relationships for HIV services in low‐ and middle‐income countries: a systematic review
Authors: Beres Laura K. , Underwood Ashley , Le Tourneau Noelle , Kemp Christopher Galloway , Kore Gauri , Yaeger Lauren , Li Jingjia , Aaron Alec , Keene Claire , Mallela Deepthi Priyanka , Khalifa Banda A. A. , Mody Aaloke , Schwartz Sheree Renae , Baral Stefan , Mwamba Chanda , Sikombe Kombatende , Eshun‐Wilson Ingrid , Geng Elvin H. , Lavoie Marie‐Claude C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionPerson‐centred care (PCC) has been recognized as a critical element in delivering quality and responsive health services. The patient−provider relationship, conceptualized at the core of PCC in multiple models, remains largely unexamined in HIV care. We conducted a systematic review to better understand the types of PCC interventions implemented to improve patient−provider interactions and how these interventions have improved HIV care continuum outcomes and person‐reported outcomes (PROs) among people living with HIV in low‐ and middle‐income countries.MethodsWe searched databases, conference proceedings and conducted manual targeted searches to identify randomized trials and observational studies published up to January 2023. The PCC search terms were guided by the Integrative Model of Patient‐Centeredness by Scholl. We included person‐centred interventions aiming to enhance the patient−provider interactions. We included HIV care continuum outcomes and PROs.ResultsWe included 28 unique studies: 18 (64.3%) were quantitative, eight (28.6.%) were mixed methods and two (7.1%) were qualitative. Within PCC patient−provider interventions, we inductively identified five categories of PCC interventions: (1) providing friendly and welcoming services; (2) patient empowerment and improved communication skills (e.g. supporting patient‐led skills such as health literacy and approaches when communicating with a provider); (3) improved individualized counselling and patient‐centred communication (e.g. supporting provider skills such as training on motivational interviewing); (4) audit and feedback; and (5) provider sensitisation to patient experiences and identities. Among the included studies with a comparison arm and effect size reported, 62.5% reported a significant positive effect of the intervention on at least one HIV care continuum outcome, and 100% reported a positive effect of the intervention on at least one of the included PROs.DiscussionAmong published HIV PCC interventions, there is heterogeneity in the components of PCC addressed, the actors involved and the expected outcomes. While results are also heterogeneous across clinical and PROs, there is more evidence for significant improvement in PROs. Further research is necessary to better understand the clinical implications of PCC, with fewer studies measuring linkage or long‐term retention or viral suppression.ConclusionsImproved understanding of PCC domains, mechanisms and consistency of measurement will advance PCC research and implementation.
Use of pure recombinant human enzymes to assess the disease‐causing potential of missense mutations in urea cycle disorders, applied to N‐acetylglutamate synthase deficiency
Authors: Gougeard Nadine , Sancho‐Vaello Enea , Fernández‐Murga M. Leonor , Martínez‐Sinisterra Borja , Loukili‐Hassani Badr , Häberle Johannes , Marco‐Marín Clara , Rubio Vicente 
Published: May 2024

AbstractN‐acetylglutamate synthase (NAGS) makes acetylglutamate, the essential activator of the first, regulatory enzyme of the urea cycle, carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1). NAGS deficiency (NAGSD) and CPS1 deficiency (CPS1D) present identical phenotypes. However, they must be distinguished, because NAGSD is cured by substitutive therapy with the N‐acetyl‐L‐glutamate analogue N‐carbamyl‐L‐glutamate, while curative therapy of CPS1D requires liver transplantation. Since their differentiation is done genetically, it is important to ascertain the disease‐causing potential of CPS1 and NAGS genetic variants. With this goal, we previously carried out site‐directed mutagenesis studies with pure recombinant human CPS1. We could not do the same with human NAGS (HuNAGS) because of enzyme instability, leading to our prior utilization of a bacterial NAGS as an imperfect surrogate of HuNAGS. We now use genuine HuNAGS, stabilized as a chimera of its conserved domain (cHuNAGS) with the maltose binding protein (MBP), and produced in Escherichia coli. MBP‐cHuNAGS linker cleavage allowed assessment of the enzymatic properties and thermal stability of cHuNAGS, either wild‐type or hosting each one of 23 nonsynonymous single‐base changes found in NAGSD patients. For all but one change, disease causation was accounted by the enzymatic alterations identified, including, depending on the variant, loss of arginine activation, increased KmGlutamate, active site inactivation, decreased thermal stability, and protein misfolding. Our present approach outperforms experimental in vitro use of bacterial NAGS or in silico utilization of prediction servers (including AlphaMissense), illustrating with HuNAGS the value for UCDs of using recombinant enzymes for assessing disease‐causation and molecular pathogenesis, and for therapeutic guidance.
The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis type 2 – associated variants: An analysis of alterations in the TPP1 gene and genotype–phenotype correlation in Ukraine
Authors: Olkhovych Nataliia , Pichkur Nataliia , Mytsyk Nataliia , Tonin Rodolfo , Kormoz Svitlana , Hregul Iryna , Samonenko Nataliia , Shklyarskaya Tetiana , Olkhovych Volodymyr , Buryak Olexandr , Morrone Amelia , Gorovenko Nataliia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis type 2 (CLN2) is a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorders caused by autosomal recessive inheritance of two pathogenic variants in trans in the TPP1 gene. Classical late‐infantile CLN2 disease has a very well‐defined natural history. However, a small number of patients with TPP1 enzyme deficiency present a later onset or protracted disease course within this group there are phenotypic variants. Our work aimed to identify pathological variants in the TPP1 gene that conditioned the development of CLN2 disease in Ukrainian patients, to compare these variants with those found in patients from other European and non‐European regions, and to make genotype–phenotype associations for this disease. The phenotypes and genotypes of the 48 CLN2‐affected individuals belonging to 43 families were profiled through clinical data collection, enzyme analysis, and genotyping. In most patients, genotype and phenotype correlation are in keeping with the data of previous studies. The clinical signs of the disease in patients with new, previously undescribed variants, allowed us to augment existing data about genotype–phenotype correlations for CLN2 disease. The combination of genotype and clinical form of the disease demonstrated that predicting the type and clinical course of the disease based on genotype is very complicated. The data we obtained supplements existing information on genotype–phenotypic correlations in this rare disease, which, in turn, lays the foundation for a personalized approach to the management of this disease.