bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
¿Y nosotros qué? Estudio de viñetas sobre preferencias de formación por tipo de contrato y especificidad de competencias
Authors: KOSTER Ferry 
Published: May 2024

ResumenSe presenta un estudio de viñetas sobre las preferencias de formación de los trabajadores en los Países Bajos. La teoría del capital humano, la teoría de la señalización y la «nueva relación de trabajo» fundamentan la hipótesis de que las preferencias dependen de la especificidad de las competencias objetivo y de la modalidad contractual. Los resultados así lo confirman e indican que, aunque los trabajadores con contrato indefinido muestran una mayor predilección relativa por las competencias específicas de la organización que los trabajadores temporales —que se inclinan por las competencias generales—, todos prefieren ampliar las competencias generales antes que las específicas. Además, los trabajadores temporales reciben menos formación de la que desearían.
Circular horizons: Pioneering sustainable paths in the oil and gas Industry's journey to net‐zero resilience
Authors: Dua Shikhar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, we explore the adoption of circular economy within the oil and gas sector, particularly focusing on the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and Middle East/North Africa (MENA) regions. Through semi‐structured interviews with senior managers from various backgrounds, we gain insights into the skills and challenges of the larger industry and explore the managerial ramifications. Broadly, our findings underscore the importance and criticality of circular economic capabilities (i.e. transparency reporting and resource efficiency, among others) in realizing ‘net‐zero’ goals and for building climate‐resilient businesses. We also emphasize the challenging trajectory towards sustainability and advocate for greater innovation, stakeholder engagement and strategic foresight. Based on the same, we develop conceptual frameworks that offer tangible representations of the evolving industrial landscape. Future research directions that have been suggested include stakeholder dynamics, technology integrations, policy implications and worldwide comparisons. Comprehensive case studies, longitudinal evaluations and multidisciplinary partnerships are required to further our understanding of the subtleties of circularity.
An ultralight all‐fiber‐structure sponge with thermal and electromagnetic integrated insulation property
Authors: Su Liang , Lu Jiaxiang , Zhang Huan , Li Xilin , Wang Jinbo , Wang Haolun , Lin Sen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe integration of thermal and electromagnetic interference (EMI) insulation is of great significance for fields such as aerospace that face extreme environments. The challenge lies in ensuring that the protective layer is lightweight while simultaneously possessing the ability to suppress heat conduction, heat convection, thermal radiation, and electromagnetic radiation. To address these challenges, we propose a novel ultralight all‐fiber‐structure composite sponge, yttria‐stabilized zirconia/polyvinyl butyral‐supported silver (YAP) nanofiber sponge, with ultralight mass (∼65 mg/cm3), exceptionally low thermal conductivity (21 mW/m K at 25°C, and 329 mW/m K at 500°C), and remarkable EMI shielding effectiveness (∼62.6 dB). Moreover, benefiting from its all‐fiber‐structure, the YAP nanofiber sponge can endure 100 cycles of compression up to 50% of its original volume while retaining its mechanical properties with minimal degradation. These characteristics render YAP nanofiber sponge an ideal material for integrated thermal and EMI insulation, offering a promising solution to the rigorous demands of extreme environment protection such as space exploration.
Who Counts in Official Statistics? Ethical‐Epistemic Issues in German Migration and the Collection of Racial or Ethnic Data
Authors: James Daniel , Thompson Morgan , Hendl Tereza 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTIn European countries (excluding the UK and Ireland), official statistics do not use racial or ethnic categories, but instead rely on proxies to collect data about discrimination. In the German microcensus, the proxy category adopted is ‘migration background’ (Migrationshintergrund): an individual has a ‘migration background’ when one or more of their parents does not have German citizenship by birth. We apply a coupled ethical‐epistemic analysis to the ‘migration background’ category to illuminate how the epistemic issues contribute to ethical ones. Our central claim is that these ethical‐epistemic issues with the ‘migration background’ category are best analysed in terms of Charles Mills's ‘white ignorance’. Appealing to Annette Martín's structural account of white ignorance, we highlight the cyclical reinforcement of ignorance and racial injustice in the use of the ‘migration background’ variable. Colourblind eliminativism about race perpetuates the use of ‘migration background’, which sustains and intensifies racial injustices.
Minimally invasive prosthodontics using the concept of prosthetically guided orthodontics
Authors: Kuliš Andreja , Kuliš Rader Katarina , Kopač Igor 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis case report aims to present how digital technology can be employed to plan the orthodontic movement of teeth into their final positions for prosthodontic rehabilitation. An interdisciplinary approach to treatment planning and the result of prosthodontic treatment involves the cooperation of an orthodontist and a prosthodontist. When planned to achieve optimal results for a minimally invasive and functional prosthodontic treatment, orthodontic pretreatment provides superior esthetic results and favorable long‐term success.Clinical ConsiderationsThe orthodontic movements of the teeth were planned so that the prosthodontist could reconstruct an optimally functional and esthetic occlusion while preserving the hard dental tissues. The orthodontic pretreatment minimized the need to prepare the teeth, avoiding any mucogingival surgery to improve the gingival architecture.ConclusionsIn complex clinical cases, it is essential to evaluate the advantages of an orthodontic pretreatment before starting a prosthodontic treatment. This pretreatment can help preserve dental tissues, reduce or eliminate the need for surgical intervention, and achieve long‐term stability and esthetic results.Clinical SignificanceThis case clearly shows the benefits of orthodontic pretreatment for prosthodontic outcomes. With modern digital tools, such an orthodontic pretreatment should become standard clinical practice when planning a complex clinical case.
Role of Obstetric Violence and Patient Choice: Factors Associated With Episiotomy
Authors: Polavarapu Mounika , Odems Dorian S. , Banks Sativa , Singh Shipra 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionIn the United States, 1 in 6 women reports obstetric violence in the form of physical and verbal abuse, coercion, and lack of informed consent. Despite recommendations against routine episiotomy, its use in the United States remains notable and varies considerably. This study aimed to analyze the various forms of obstetric violence associated with undergoing an episiotomy and having a choice in undergoing an episiotomy.MethodsData from the cross‐sectional Listening to Mothers in California survey were analyzed using weighted sample. Logistic regression models were conducted to compute adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% CIs for undergoing episiotomy and having a choice in it.ResultsOverall, 21% of the respondents reported undergoing an episiotomy, and 75% of them reported not having a choice in undergoing this procedure. After adjusting for covariates, feeling pressured to induce labor (aOR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.28‐1.35) and to use an epidural analgesia (aOR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.77‐1.88) increased the odds of undergoing an episiotomy. Having a midwife during childbirth significantly reduced the odds of an episiotomy. Respondents who indicated being handled roughly by health care providers were 95% less likely to have a choice in receiving an episiotomy (aOR, 0.05; 95% CI, 0.04‐0.06).DiscussionThis is the first study to examine other forms of obstetric violence as correlates of episiotomy and having a choice in it. Standardized institutional measures against obstetric violence, patients’ ability to make autonomous decisions through informed consent, and engaging midwives could decrease medically unnecessary labor procedures and associated complications.
The synergistic effects of Guaiacum officinale and Rhodomyrtus tomentosa extracts in the treatment of acne vulgaris on sensitive skin
Authors: Zhang Jianhua , Liu Shichao , Guo Wenjiao , Li Na 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundAcne vulgaris, a common chronic dermatological condition worldwide, is associated with inflammatory response and Cutibacterium acnes. Individuals with acne vulgaris and sensitive skin have limited suitable treatments due to the skin irritation and side effects exhibited by current hydroxy acidic medications.AimsThis study aimed to evaluate the synergistic effects of Guaiacum officinale (GO) and Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa (RT) extracts for treating acne vulgaris on sensitive skin by inhibiting inflammation.MethodsThe phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activity of GO and RT extracts were determined in vitro. The anti‐inflammatory effects were investigated in peptidoglycan (PGN)‐induced HaCaT cells. Further, a 28‐day clinical trial was conducted involving 30 subjects with both sensitive skin and acne to evaluate the efficacy and subjects' satisfaction.ResultsTotal phenolics and flavonoids were detected in GO and RT extracts, the IC50 values for DPPH radical scavenging were 6.15 wt% and 0.76 wt%, respectively. The combination of GO and RT extracts at a 1:1 (v/v) ratio significantly decreased the expression of TLR‐2 and TLR‐4, as well as the secretion of IL‐1α, IL‐8, and TNF‐α in PGN‐induced HaCaT cells, by 2.30–7.93 times compared to GO extract alone (p < 0.05). Moreover, the cream containing 5 wt% the combination significantly improved facial acne and redness (p < 0.05). The number of comedones decreased by 50.00% and papules by 30.65% after 28 days of application. No adverse events were reported and 96.67% of the subjects were satisfied with the treatment.ConclusionThe efficacy of the GO and RT extracts in synergistically suppressing inflammation, improving acne vulgaris, and reducing redness. The study offers an effective and non‐irritant treatment for acne vulgaris in individuals with sensitive skin.
Validation of the transcranial Doppler rescue criteria for mechanical thrombectomy
Authors: Khan Adnan , Saqqur Maher , Shuaib Ashfaq , Khan Khurshid , Sharma Vijay K. , Brunser Alejandro , Eggers Jürgen , Mikulik Robert , Katsanos Aristeidis H. , Sergentanis Theodore N. , Vadikolias Konstantinos , Rubiera Marta , Shahripour Reza Bavarsad , Nguyen Huy Thang , Martínez‐Sánchez Patricia , Safouris Apostolos , Heliopoulos Ioannis , Salam Abdul , Derksen Carol , Voumvourakis Konstantinos , Psaltopoulou Theodora , Alexandrov Anne W. , Alexandrov Andrei V. , Tsivgoulis Georgios ,   CLOTBUST‐PRO Investigators
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeTranscranial Doppler (TCD) identifies acute stroke patients with arterial occlusion where treatment may not effectively open the blocked vessel. This study aimed to examine the clinical utility and prognostic value of TCD flow findings in patients enrolled in a multicenter prospective study (CLOTBUST‐PRO).MethodsPatients enrolled with intracranial occlusion on computed tomography angiography (CTA) who underwent urgent TCD evaluation before intravenous thrombolysis was included in this analysis. TCD findings were assessed using the mean flow velocity (MFV) ratio, comparing the reciprocal ratios of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) depths bilaterally (affected MCA‐to‐contralateral MCA MFV [aMCA/cMCA MFV ratio]).ResultsA total of 222 patients with intracranial occlusion on CTA were included in the study (mean age: 64 ± 14 years, 62% men). Eighty‐eight patients had M1 MCA occlusions; baseline mean National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 16, and a 24‐hour mean NIHSS score was 10 points. An aMCA/cMCA MFV ratio of <.6 had a sensitivity of 99%, specificity of 16%, positive predictive value (PV) of 60%, and negative PV of 94% for identifying large vessel occlusion (LVO) including M1 MCA, terminal internal carotid artery, or tandem ICA/MCA. Thrombolysis in Brain Ischemia scale, with (grade ≥1) compared to without flow (grade 0), showed a sensitivity of 17.1%, specificity of 86.9%, positive PV of 62%, and negative PV of 46% for identifying LVO.ConclusionsTCD is a valuable modality for evaluating arterial circulation in acute ischemic stroke patients, demonstrating significant potential as a screening tool for intravenous/intra‐arterial lysis protocols.
Influence of occlusal thickness on the fracture resistance of chairside milled lithium disilicate posterior full‐coverage single‐unit prostheses containing virgilite: A comparative in vitro study
Authors: Jurado Carlos A. , Davila Christian Edgar , Davila Alexandra , Hernandez Alfredo I. , Odagiri Yukari , Afrashtehfar Kelvin I. , Lee Damian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the fracture resistance of chairside computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD‐CAM) lithium disilicate mandibular posterior crowns with virgilite of different occlusal thicknesses and compare them to traditional lithium disilicate crowns.Materials and MethodsSeventy‐five chairside CAD‐CAM crowns were fabricated for mandibular right first molars, 60 from novel lithium disilicate with virgilite (CEREC Tessera, Dentsply Sirona), and 15 from traditional lithium disilicate (e.max CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent). These crowns were distributed across five groups based on occlusal thickness and material: Group 1 featured CEREC Tessera crowns with 0.8 mm thickness, Group 2 had 1.0 mm thickness, Group 3 had 1.2 mm thickness, Group 4 with 1.5 mm thickness, and Group 5 included e.max CAD crowns with 1.0 mm thickness. These crowns were luted onto 3D‐printed resin dies using Multilink Automix resin cement (Ivoclar Vivadent). Subsequently, they underwent cyclic loading (2,000,000 cycles at 1 Hz with a 275 N force) and loading until fracture. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) assessed the fractured specimens. Statistical analysis involved one‐way ANOVA and the Kruskal‐Wallis Test (α = 0.05).ResultsFracture resistance varied significantly (<0.001) across mandibular molar crowns fabricated from chairside CAD‐CAM lithium disilicate containing virgilite, particularly between crowns with 0.8 mm and those with 1.2 and 1.5 mm occlusal thickness. However, no significant differences were found when comparing crowns with 1, 1.2, and 1.5 mm thicknesses. CEREC Tessera crowns with 1.5 mm thickness exhibited the highest resistance (2119 N/mm2), followed by those with 1.2 mm (1982 N/mm2), 1.0 mm (1763 N/mm2), and 0.8 mm (1144 N/mm2) thickness, whereas e.max CAD crowns with 1.0 mm occlusal thickness displayed the lowest resistance (814 N/mm2).ConclusionsThe relationship between thickness and fracture resistance in the virgilite lithium disilicate full‐coverage crowns was directly proportional, indicating that increased thickness corresponded to higher fracture resistance. No significant differences were noted among crowns with thicknesses ranging from 1 to 1.5 mm. This novel ceramic exhibited superior fracture resistance compared to traditional lithium disilicate.
Periodontal pathogen Fusobacterium nucleatum infection accelerates hepatic steatosis in high‐fat diet‐fed ApoE knockout mice by inhibiting Nrf2/Keap1 signaling
Authors: Wu Peiyao , Bie Mengyao , Zhou Jieyu , Wang Jun , Zhao Lei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsThis study sought to explore the impact of Fusobacterium nucleatum on hepatic steatosis in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout (KO) mice induced by a high‐fat diet (HFD) and elucidate the underlying mechanism.MethodsApoE KO mice, on a HFD, received F. nucleatum oral inoculation every other day. After 24 weeks, body weight, liver weight, and liver index were assessed. Serum biochemistry and pro‐inflammatory factors in serum and liver were analyzed. The histopathology of right maxilla and live were performed. Oil red O, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence staining for the liver were conducted. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, apoptosis, lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS), ROS, lipid peroxides, and hepatic lipids were also evaluated. Liver inflammation, fibrosis, de novo lipogenesis (DNL)‐related molecule, and Nrf2/Keap1‐related signaling molecule gene/protein expression were determined by real‐time PCR (RT‐PCR) and/or Western blot (WB) analysis.ResultsHFD‐fed ApoE KO mice infected by F. nucleatum demonstrated significant changes, including increased body and liver weight, elevated proinflammatory factors and lipids in serum and liver, as well as neutrophil infiltration, fibrosis, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation in the liver. Additionally, F. nucleatum stimulates hepatic lipid accumulation and activates de novo lipogenesis (DNL), while simultaneously suppressing the Nrf2/Keap1 antioxidant pathway.ConclusionIn conclusion, our study reveals that oral inoculation of F. nucleatum might promote hepatic steatosis by inhibiting Nrf2/Keap1 pathway.
Comparison of Novel 3D‐printed Stepped Porous Metal Cones and Metaphyseal Sleeves for Reconstruction of Severe Knee Bone Defects: Short‐term Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Liu Yang , Shen Junmin , Tang Yuyu , Zhang Yanchao , Ma Haiyang , Zhou Yonggang 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveBoth porous metal cones and metaphyseal sleeves are excellent implants for reconstructing severe bone defects in the knee joint, but they both exhibit design limitations. The porous metal cone, especially, has significant room for improvement in its shape design. The existing porous metal cones often feature a conical external surface with a relatively small taper, potentially compromising both rotational and axial stability. To improve both axial and rotational stability in porous metal cones, we developed a 3D‐printed stepped porous metal cone. This study aimed to assess the short‐term clinical outcome of the 3D‐printed stepped porous metal cone and to compare it with the clinical outcome of patients who underwent revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA) with the metaphyseal sleeves during the same period.MethodPatients who underwent total knee arthroplasty revision with metaphyseal bone defect reconstruction from 2019 to 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 61 patients were enrolled in the study, including 15 patients using 3D‐printed stepped porous metal cones and 46 patients using metaphyseal metal sleeves. Thirty patients using metaphyseal sleeves were screened by propensity score matching method and compared with those using stepped cones. Analysis included the American Knee Society Score, the Hospital for Special Surgery knee score, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis index, the Short Form 12 (SF‐12) health survey, and radiographic assessment with a mean follow‐up of 28.5 ± 8.3 months. To conduct comparative analyses, unpaired Student's t‐tests were employed for continuous variables, while categorical variables were analyzed using the appropriate Fisher exact or chi‐squared test.ResultsIn this study, the survival rates of both the stepped cone and metaphyseal sleeve were 100%. There was no statistically significant difference in postoperative knee function scores between the two groups (p > 0.05). However, patients in the cone group had significantly higher mental component summary scores on the SF‐12 scale (p < 0.05) and higher increases in mean postoperative physical component summary scores than patients in the sleeve group (p < 0.05). In addition, patients in the cone group experienced fewer intraoperative and postoperative complications compared to the sleeve group.ConclusionThe 3D‐printed stepped porous metal cone can effectively reconstruct bone defects in complex rTKA and provide satisfactory early clinical and radiographic results. The 3D‐printed stepped cone provides a more stable structure similar to the sleeve while maintaining the original benefits of the cone making it a promising choice for rTKA.
Indoor hierarchy relation graph construction method based on RGB‐D
Authors: Jiang Jianwu , Kang Zhizhong , Li Jingwen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFine‐grained indoor navigation services require obstacle‐level indoor maps to support, but since indoor environments are affected by human activities, resulting in frequent changes in indoor spatial layouts, and indoor environments are easily affected by light and occlusion, the vast majority of indoor maps are at room level, limiting indoor obstacle‐level navigation path planning. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a hierarchy relation graph (HRG) construction method based on RGB‐D. Firstly, the semantic information extraction of indoor scenes and elements is realized by the output transformed PSPNet and YOLO V8 models, and the bounding box of each element is obtained based on YOLO V8. Then an algorithm for determining the hierarchical relationship of indoor elements is proposed, which calculates the correlation between the two elements from both plane and depth dimensions and constructs a HRG of indoor elements based on directed trees. Finally, comparative experiments are designed to validate the proposed method. Experiments showed that the proposed method can construct HRGs in a variety of scenes; the hierarchy relation detection rate is 88.28%; the accuracy of hierarchy relation determination is 73.44%; and the single‐scene HRG can be generated in 3.81 s.
Vibrio pathogens and their toxins in aquaculture: A comprehensive review
Authors: Vandeputte Marieke , Kashem Md. Abul , Bossier Peter , Vanrompay Daisy 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAquaculture is an indispensable food source for the growing world population. In the last decades, its intensification has increased the incidence of viral and bacterial infections, emphasizing the need for novel disease management strategies. Vibrionaceae bacteria are widespread in aquatic environments, affecting various host species, including economically important fish, shrimp and bivalves. Also, human consumption of undercooked aquatic food contaminated with Vibrionaceae and/or their toxins poses a threat to human health, leading to conditions such as gastroenteritis, wound infection and sepsis. In addition, small fish and shrimp, in open aquaculture systems, can be eaten by birds that can then carry and spread this pathogen to livestock and humans. Many Vibrionaceae produce toxins, some detrimental or even lethal to the hosts, others affecting surrounding bacteria. This review provides a comprehensive overview of Vibrio toxins affecting aquatic (in)vertebrate, summarizing findings on molecular structures, mechanisms of action and regulation and secretion processes involved. Important toxin classes for microbe–host interactions, such as haemolytic, proteolytic and MARTX toxins, are discussed, along with other toxins like PirAB produced by the AHPND‐causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The review also emphasizes the importance of microbe–microbe interactions, particularly the production of bacteriocins by Vibrio species (Vibriocins) and antibacterial effectors produced by the Type 6 Secretion System (T6SS). While whole genome sequencing has identified putative virulence factors that are toxins, many toxins remain partially characterized or uncharacterized. Elucidating their regulation, secretion and molecular characteristics can provide valuable information and lead to novel solutions for managing Vibrio pathogens in aquaculture.