bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression and localization of insulin‐like growth factor binding proteins in normal and proteinuric kidney glomeruli
Authors: FUJINAKA HIDEHIKO , KATSUYAMA KOICHI , YAMAMOTO KEIKO , NAMETA MASAAKI , YOSHIDA YUTAKA , YAOITA EISHIN , TOMIZAWA SHUICHI , YAMAMOTO TADASHI 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACTAim:  Insulin‐like growth factor I (IGF‐I) acts on target cells in an endocrine and/or local manner through the IGF‐I receptor (IGF‐IR), and its actions are modulated by multiple IGF binding proteins (IGFBP). To elucidate the roles of local IGFBP in kidney glomeruli, the expression and localization of their genes were examined and compared with normal and proteinuric kidney glomeruli.Methods:  A cDNA microarray database (MAd‐761) was constructed using human kidney glomeruli and cortices. The gene expression levels of IGF‐I, IGF‐1R and IGFBP (1–10) were examined in glomeruli and cortices by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH), and the expression levels of IGFBP that were abundantly found in the glomerulus were compared between normal and proteinuric kidneys in rats and humans.Results:  IGFBP‐2, ‐7 and ‐8 were demonstrated to be abundantly and preferentially expressed in the glomerulus. In PCR, the expression levels of the IGFBP‐2, ‐7, ‐8 and ‐10 genes in glomeruli were shown to have more than doubled compared with their levels in the cortices. In ISH, the IGFBP‐2, ‐7, ‐8 and ‐10 genes were found to be localized in glomerular cells including podocytes, and their increased expression was observed in inflammatory glomeruli. IGF‐I gene expression was localized in glomerular podocytes, whereas the IGF‐IR gene was expressed in glomerular podocytes and cortical tubular cells. In nephrotic rats, the expression of the IGFBP‐10 gene was increased in glomerular podocytes; however, the expression levels of IGFBP‐2, ‐7 and ‐8 did not change.Conclusion:  IGFBP‐2, ‐7, ‐8 and ‐10 are produced by normal and injured glomerular podocytes and may regulate local IGF‐I actions in podocytes and/or cortical tubular cells in the kidney.
Review: Differences in prescription between conventional and alternative haemodialysis
Authors: TOUSSAINT NIGEL D 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACTThere is growing interest worldwide in the beneficial effects of increasing the frequency and/or time of haemodialysis (HD) sessions. Alternative HD regimens to incorporate these changes, also called ‘quotidian’ HD schedules, likely offer advantages over conventional thrice‐weekly HD. Alternative regimens include short‐daily HD (typically performed 1.5–3 h, 5–7 days per week) and nocturnal HD (typically 6–8 h, 3–7 nights per week). Both regimens can be performed at home or in the hospital setting, although in Australia and New Zealand the predominant alternative regimen is nocturnal HD at home. Dialysis prescriptions for alternative schedules vary in many aspects when compared with conventional HD and this review describes differences in dialysate concentrations, blood and dialysate flow rates, ultrafiltration rates, vascular access issues and adequacy of HD between the different HD modalities. An international quotidian dialysis registry has also recently been created to capture observational data on patients receiving alternative HD regimens and provides further information on dialysis prescriptions for these therapies.
Using vertebral bone densitometry to determine aortic calcification in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: TOUSSAINT NIGEL D , LAU KENNETH K , STRAUSS BOYD J , POLKINGHORNE KEVAN R , KERR PETER G 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACTBackground:  Vascular calcification (VC) is a major contributor to increased cardiovascular (CV) disease in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and an independent predictor of mortality. VC is inversely correlated with bone mineral density (BMD). Screening for VC may be useful to determine those at greater CV risk and dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) may have a dual role in providing VC measurement as well as BMD.Methods:  We report cross‐sectional data on 44 patients with CKD stages 3–4 and aim to determine and validate measurement of VC using DXA. Patients had computed tomography (CT) of abdominal aorta and DXA of lateral lumbar spine, to determine both aortic VC and BMD. Semi‐quantitative measurement of VC from DXA was determined (blinded) using previously validated 8‐ and 24‐point scales, and compared with VC from CT. BMD determination from L2 to L4 vertebrae on CT was compared with DXA‐reported BMD.Results:  Patients 66% male, 57% diabetic, had mean age 63.4 years and mean estimated glomerular filtration rate 31.4 ± 12 mL/min. Aortic VC was present in 95% on CT, mean 564.9 ± 304 Hounsfield units (HU). Aortic VC was seen in 68% on lateral DXA, mean scores 5.1 ± 5.9 and 1.9 ± 1.9 using 24‐ and 8‐point scales, respectively. Strong correlation of VC measurement was present between CT and DXA (r 0.52, P < 0.001). For DXA VC 24‐point score, intraclass correlations for intra‐rater and inter‐rater agreement were 0.91 and 0.64, respectively (8‐point scale, intraclass correlations 0.90 and 0.69). Vertebral BMD measured by CT (mean 469.3 HU L2–4) also significantly correlated with lateral DXA‐reported BMD (mean spine T‐score –0.67 ± 1.6) (r 0.56, P < 0.001).Conclusion:  Despite limitations in CKD, DXA may be useful as lateral DXA images provide concurrent assessment of aortic calcification as well as lumbar spine BMD, both correlating significantly with CT measurements. Lateral DXA may provide VC screening to determine patients at greater CV risk although more studies are needed to evaluate their potential role.
Decrease in cell proliferation by an matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, doxycycline, in a model of immune‐complex nephritis
Authors: SAGLAM FUNDA , CELIK ALI , TAYFUR DEVRIM , CAVDAR ZAHIDE , YILMAZ OSMAN , SARIOGLU SULEN , KOLATAN EFSUN , OKTAY GULGUN , CAMSARI TANER 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACTAim:  Renal expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and tissue inhibitors of MMP (TIMP) contribute to the development of tubulointerstitial fibrosis characteristic of progressive forms of primary glomerulonephritis (GN).The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of MMP inhibitor, doxycycline, administration in an experimental rat model of immune‐complex nephritis (ICN).Methods:  The induction of immune‐complex glomerulonephritis was carried out by the administration of an i.v. dose of 2 mg bovine serum albumin (BSA) daily for 28 days after 8 weeks of s.c. immunization with 1 mg of BSA in complete Freund's adjuvant. Doxycycline (30 mg/kg) was given daily (in groups 2 and 4) by gavage for 28 days.Results:  Animals treated with doxycycline showed significant reduction in glomerular area and cell proliferation than non‐treated controls. Glomerular deposition of immunoglobulin (Ig)G and C3 was less intense in treated rats than non‐treated controls. Although not statistically significant, interstitial inflammation was less intense in treated rats than non‐treated controls. Glomerular expression of MMP‐9 by immunoflourescence was significantly inhibited in the treated group. In addition pro‐MMP‐2 on gelatin zymography was importantly suppressed by doxycycline in ICN.Conclusion:  Doxycycline, in addition to its antibiotic property, may, following further investigation, provide a possible survival benefit in proliferative glomerulonephritis.
Predictors of poor renal outcome in patients with biopsy‐proven lupus nephritis
Authors: AYODELE OLUGBENGA EDWARD , OKPECHI IKECHI G , SWANEPOEL CHARLES R 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACT:Aim:  The development of lupus nephritis (LN) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. In view of scarce data from South Africa on factors affecting renal outcome in LN, the authors' experience was reviewed to identify predictors of poor renal outcome.Methods:  This is a retrospective review of 105 patients with biopsy‐proven LN under our care from January 1995 to December 2007.Results:  Forty‐three (41.0%) patients reached the composite end‐point of persistent doubling of the serum creatinine over the baseline value, development of end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) or death during a mean follow‐up period of 51.1 months (range 1–137 months). Baseline factors associated with the composite end‐point included presence of systemic hypertension (P = 0.016), mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P = 0.004), mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P = 0.001), mean serum creatinine (P = 0.001), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (P = 0.003) and diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (World Health Organization class IV) (P = 0.024). Interstitial inflammation (P = 0.049), failure of remission in the first year following therapy (P < 0.001), the mean SBP on follow up (P < 0.001) and mean DBP on follow up (P < 0.001) were also associated with composite end‐point. On multivariate analysis, baseline serum creatinine, non‐remission following therapy (P = 0.038) and mean SBP on follow up (P = 0.016) were predictors of poor renal outcome.Conclusion:  Baseline serum creatinine, failure of remission in the first year and mean SBP were predictors of poor renal outcome.
Raloxifene decreases serum malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels in postmenopausal women with end‐stage renal disease under chronic hemodialysis therapy
Authors: Ozbasar Demir , Toros Ummuhan , Ozkaya Okan , Sezik Mekin , Uzun Hafize , Genc Habibe , Kaya Hakan 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAim:  We prospectively aimed to investigate the relationship between raloxifene administration and serum malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), high‐density lipoprotein (HDL), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglyceride levels in postmenopausal women undergoing hemodialysis treatment for chronic renal failure.Methods:  Twenty‐four women scheduled for twice‐weekly hemodialysis treatment were given 60 mg/day raloxifene for 3 months. Serum MDA, estimated NO, HDL, and LDL measurements were assessed initially and at month 3. We used the Mann–Whitney U and Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests for comparisons. Five women discontinued the study.Results:  After controlling for baseline characteristics, mean serum MDA and estimated NO levels decreased (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.0001, respectively) from 2.01 ± 0.40 µmol/L and 21.3 ± 17.9 µmol/L at baseline to 1.27 ± 0.23 µmol/L and 7.7 ± 7.5 µmol/L at month 3, respectively. Mean serum LDL level declined (P = 0.004) from 120.0 ± 24.3 mg/dL to 103.3 ± 12.1 mg/dL, and mean HDL level increased (P = 0.024) from 52.2 ± 7.8 mg/dL to 57.2 ± 5.7 mg/dL with raloxifene administration.Conclusion:  Oral raloxifene administration (60 mg/day) for 3 months lowered serum MDA and NO levels with favorable effects on serum lipid parameters in postmenopausal women, who were undergoing long‐term hemodialysis treatment for chronic renal failure.
Paraaortic paraganglioma arising in an ovarian carcinoma patient mimicking lymph node metastasis
Authors: Chishima Fumihisa , Tamura Masaaki , Nakazawa Teine , Sugitani Masahiko , Hirano Daisaku , Yoshikawa Tetsuo , Fuchinoue Fumi , Nemoto Norimichi , Yamamoto Tatsuo 
Published: February 2010

AbstractParagangliomas are rare tumors arising from the chromaffin cells in the autonomic nervous system. While they both occur most frequently along the paraaortic chain, paraganglioma and ovarian carcinoma very rarely occur together. A 61‐year‐old, post‐menopausal woman visited our hospital, with complaints of abdominal pain and genital bleeding. Image analysis showed a 21 × 18 × 10 cm ovarian mass, and a 38 mm tumor at the paraaortic lesion. First, she underwent bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy. Serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma of the left ovary was found, and so a second surgery was performed. The paraaortic tumor was completely eliminated in spite of fluctuating blood pressure intraoperatively. Microscopic examination revealed that the paraaortic tumor was paraganglioma. She was ultimately diagnosed as having ovarian carcinoma stage Ia (FIGO) with coincident paraganglioma. If blood pressure fluctuation is observed during dissection of the paraaortic lymph node, paraganglioma should be suspected and blood pressure must be carefully controlled.
Safe primary approach using a micro‐laparoscope via the posterior vaginal fornix for patients with previous upper laparotomy: A report of five cases
Authors: Kumakiri Jun , Takeuchi Hiroyuki , Kitade Mari , Kikuchi Iwaho , Kumakiri Yuko , Kuroda Keiji , Jinushi Makoto , Takeda Satoru 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIn order to reduce the risk of visceral injury for patients with upper abdominal adhesions, we devised an alternative to the umbilical approach. Five patients who had undergone a previous upper abdominal laparotomy and were scheduled for gynecologic laparoscopic surgeries at our hospital were evaluated. A micro‐trocar was inserted via the posterior vaginal fornix and the periumbilicus was observed using a micro‐laparoscope inserted in the micro‐trocar. A trocar for conventional laparoscopy was inserted into the umbilicus under micro‐laparoscopic observation in the cul‐de‐sac to avoid visceral organ adherent to the periumbilicus. Four cases had adhesions of the transverse colon, small bowel or omentum to the upper abdomen due to previous surgery; however, we were able to accomplish laparoscopic surgery without injury to adhesive organs in all patients. The micro‐laparoscopic primary approach via the posterior vaginal fornix is a safe primary approach for patients who have undergone a previous upper abdominal laparotomy.
Comparison of the efficacy between topotecan‐ and belotecan‐, a new camptothecin analog, based chemotherapies for recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer: A single institutional experience
Authors: Kim Hee Seung , Park Noh Hyun , Kang Sokbom , Seo Sang‐Soo , Chung Hyun Hoon , Kim Jae Weon , Song Yong Sang , Kang Soon‐Beom 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAim:  To compare the efficacy and toxicity between topotecan‐ and belotecan‐based chemotherapies in recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).Methods:  The clinical data of 80 patients treated with topotecan‐ (n = 45) or belotecan‐ (n = 35) based chemotherapy as at least a second‐line chemotherapy were reviewed retrospectively between July 2001 and December 2007. Response was evaluated using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST) and serum CA‐125 levels. Hematological toxicity was examined according to the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria (NCI‐CTC) version 2.0. Time to progressive disease (TTPD), chemotherapy‐specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) according to the 2 chemotherapies were evaluated by the Kaplan‐Meier analysis with the log‐rank test.Results:  Overall response rate (ORR) was 24.4% in patients treated with topotecan‐based chemotherapy, while it was 45.7% in those treated with belotecan‐based chemotherapy (P = 0.046). Moreover, ORR was higher in platinum‐sensitive patients treated with belotecan‐based chemotherapy (58.8%) than those treated with topotecan‐based chemotherapy (22.2%) (P = 0.041) although it was not significantly different in platinum‐resistant patients (P = 0.471). Grade 3 or 4 anemia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia developed in 14.8% vs 3.6%, 43.1% vs 55.6%, and 20.0% vs 12.8% of cycles in topotecan‐ and belotecan‐based chemotherapies, respectively (P < 0.05). There were no significant difference in survival between the 2 chemotherapies.Conclusions:  In our experience, belotecan‐based chemotherapy seemed to be efficient with acceptable toxicity, compared to topotecan‐based chemotherapy in recurrent EOC. However, randomized controlled trials are required for the comparison of the efficacy and toxicity between topotecan‐ and belotecan‐based chemotherapies in recurrent EOC.
A case of a huge placental lake; prenatal differential diagnosis and clinical management
Authors: Muramatsu Keiko , Itoh Hiroaki , Yamasaki Tomoko , Nakamura Yuki , Kobayashi Yukiko , Hirai Kyuya , Suzuki Kazunao , Sugihara Kazuhiro , Sugimura Motoi , Kanayama Naohiro 
Published: February 2010

AbstractPlacental lakes are sonolucent or hypoechoic areas in images of the placenta, usually considered a physiological dilation of intervillous space with a rather good obstetrical outcome. However, diagnostic criteria for and the clinical significance of placental lakes are yet to be completely established, because of a wide variety of ultrasound findings, especially on color Doppler examination. We experienced a case of a huge placental lake, larger than the total placental area, located in an entire retroplacental space, concomitant with several penetrations of artery type blood flow. The antenatal differential diagnosis and course of clinical management are reported.
Mayer‐Rokitansky‐Kustner Hauser syndrome complicated by either uterine leiomyoma or ovarian tumor
Authors: Fukuda Jun , Kumazawa Yukiyo , Fujimoto Toshio , Tanaka Toshinobu 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA 50‐year‐old Japanese woman with Mayer‐Rokitansky‐Kustner‐Hauser syndrome and two pelvic tumors underwent laparotomy. Laparotomy revealed that no torsion of the right ovarian tumor had occurred, with uterine leiomyoma originating from the right side of a rudimentary uterus. Histopathological examination demonstrated leiomyoma of the rudimentary uterus with positive staining for estrogen and progesterone receptors, and mucinous cyst adenoma of the right ovary. Uterine leiomyoma is rare in this syndrome and the present report represents the first published case complicated by ovarian tumor.
Immunogenicity and safety of human papillomavirus‐16/18 AS04‐adjuvanted cervical cancer vaccine in healthy Indian women
Authors: Bhatla Neerja , Suri Vanita , Basu Partha , Shastri Surendra , Datta Sanjoy K. , Bi Dan , Descamps Dominique J. , Bock Hans L. ,   the Indian HPV Vaccine Study Group
Published: February 2010

AbstractAim:  India has the highest number of annual incident cases and mortality rates for cervical cancer worldwide. This study was conducted to assess the immunogenicity and safety of human papillomavirus (HPV)‐16/18 AS04‐adjuvanted cervical cancer vaccine in healthy Indian women aged 18–35 years old.Methods:  This double‐blind, randomized (1:1), controlled and multicenter trial with two parallel groups, the Vaccine and Placebo groups, included 354 subjects in four centers across India. Subjects were given GlaxoSmithKline's HPV‐16/18 AS04‐adjuvanted cervical cancer vaccine or aluminum hydroxide placebo according to a 0, 1 and 6 month schedule and followed up until month 7. Serum samples were drawn at pre‐vaccination and at month 7. Safety data were collected throughout the study.Results:  A total of 330 subjects completed the study. One month post‐Dose 3, all initially seronegative subjects in the Vaccine group had seroconverted for HPV‐16 and HPV‐18 antibodies with anti‐HPV‐16 and anti‐HPV‐18 geometric mean titer levels of 10226.5 EL.U/ml (95% confidence interval: 8847.1–11821.0) and 3953.0 EL.U/ml (95% confidence interval: 3421.8–4566.8), respectively. Initially seropositive subjects also showed an increase to similar geometric mean titer levels. Six serious adverse events (two in the Vaccine group and four in the Placebo group), all unrelated to vaccination, were reported. Commonly reported solicited local (injection‐site pain) and general (fatigue, headache and fever) symptoms were similar in both groups. Compliance to the three‐dose vaccination course was >97%.Conclusions:  The AS04‐adjuvanted HPV‐16/18 cervical cancer vaccine was highly immunogenic and generally well‐tolerated making it a potential tool for prevention and control of cervical cancer in India.
Mysteries of endometriosis pain: Chien‐Tien Hsu Memorial Lecture 2009
Authors: Fraser Ian S. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe more that one looks at the condition endometriosis, the more one realises that it is a unique and complex condition exhibiting a bizarre range of deviations from normal endometrial and myometrial physiology, and presenting with a challenging range of pain‐related symptoms. The changing nature of the pain is not well defined, and the molecular mechanisms leading to pain generation are far from clear. Recent research has begun to reveal some of these links between expression of unusual molecules in the eutopic endometrium and ectopic lesions, microanatomical changes in the pelvic nervous sytem, neuronal dysfunction and the later development of neuropathic pain. A better understanding of these mechanisms will undoubtedly lead to improved use of current medical and surgical treatments, and to the development of novel treatments in the future.
Impaired dopaminergic neuron development and locomotor function in zebrafish with loss ofpink1function
Authors: Xi Yanwei , Ryan Joel , Noble Sandra , Yu Man , Yilbas Ayse E. , Ekker Marc 
Published: February 2010

AbstractMutations in the humanPTEN‐induced kinase 1(PINK1) gene are linked to recessive familial Parkinson’s disease. Animal models of altered PINK1 function vary greatly in their phenotypic characteristics.Drosophila pink1mutants exhibit mild dopaminergic neuron degeneration and locomotion defects. Such defects are not observed in mice with targeted null mutations inpink1, although these mice exhibit impaired dopamine release and synaptic plasticity. Here, we report that in zebrafish, morpholino‐mediated knockdown ofpink1function did not cause large alterations in the number of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral diencephalon. However, the patterning of these neurons and their projections are perturbed. This is accompanied by locomotor dysfunction, notably impaired response to tactile stimuli and reduced swimming behaviour. All these defects can be rescued by expression of an exogenouspink1that is not a target of the morpholinos used. These results indicate that normal PINK1 function during development is necessary for the proper positioning of populations of dopaminergic neurons and for the establishment of neuronal circuits in which they are implicated.
Taiwanese nurses' cognition and attitudes towards the Magnet Hospitals Recognition Programme
Authors: Ma C‐C. , Hwang P‐W. , Alexander J.W. 
Published: February 2010

MA C‐C., HWANG P‐W. & ALEXANDER J.W. (2010) Taiwanese nurses' cognition and attitudes towards the Magnet Hospitals Recognition Programme. International Nursing Review57, 78–84Aims:  To explore the relevance and feasibility of using the Magnet Recognition Programme (MRP) at a Taiwanese hospital.Background:  Since no hospitals in Taiwan have applied for American Nurses Credentialing Center Magnet Recognition, and the American medical system and customs are different from those in Taiwan, this study explores whether or not the MRP is appropriate for Taiwanese hospitals.Method:  This study used a cross‐sectional design with data collected from 905 nurses at a 1200‐bed Taiwanese military hospital. The authors created the structured questionnaire from a framework based on the 14 Forces of Magnetism. The study used descriptive and inferential statistical analyses to explain the nurses' cognitions and attitudes towards the MRP and to discover if variations in these concepts occurred across nurses' demographics and their job classification.Findings:  The mean nurses' cognitive score on each item varies from 3.3 to 4.1, and the mean nurses' attitude score on each item varies from 3.0 to 4.0 (both with the highest possible score related to the 14 Forces of Magnetism being 5.0). Using regression analysis, overall cognitive score, working in the operating room, or the sub‐critical Neonatal Care Unit, and part‐time hours of work explained 42% of the variance in the total attitude score towards the MRP.Conclusion:  The findings indicate that when nurses have a higher cognition towards MRP, the more positive are their attitudes towards seeking the MRP. Using these findings and information about the nurses, the authors suggest strategies that hospital executives and nursing supervisors can use to improve nurses' cognition and attitudes when preparing to seek recognition through the MRP.