bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pseudo‐Polymorphism in a Conformationally Rigid Copper Helicate – Structural Studies of a Shape‐Awkward System
Authors: Martinez Belmonte Marta , Price Daniel J. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe coordination of copper(II) by the acyclic polydentate ligand ethylene‐1,2‐bisoxamate [(oeo)4–] results in the formation of an anionic dinuclear double‐stranded helicate, [Cu2(oeo)2]4–. The potassium salt of this large, chiral, approximately spherical, D2 symmetric and highly charged complex molecular anion is found to crystallise in five different hydrated forms; a trihydrate 6a, a tetrahydrate 6b, a tetrahemihydrate 6c, a pentahydrate 6d and an approximate heptahydrate 6e. All of these forms crystallise from solution under similar conditions. Together this large anion and the relatively small K+ cation provide something of a shape‐awkward system, as evidenced by the high degree of pseudo‐polymorphism. X‐ray structural analysis of 6a–e reveals much similarity in the order, symmetry and packing of the anions, but great irregularity and disorder in the packing of the K+ counterions and water of crystallisation. The structures are further complicated by a Cu nonstoichiometry. Although 6e has a 100 % Cu site occupancy, 6a and 6c have site occupancies less than 100 % and contain both [Cu2(oeo)2]4– and [Cu(Hoeo)2]4– complex ions as a solid solution. In 6b and 6d, where the Cu site occupancy is below 50 %, the compound comprises [Cu(Hoeo)2]4– and [(H2oeo)2]4– units distributed over the same site. It is a remarkable feature of this system that hydrogen bond interactions between pairs of the protonated acyclic ligands result in a dimeric structure, which has the same shape, charge and structure as that of the copper complex of the fully deprotonated ligand. So similar are the [Cu2(oeo)2]4–, [Cu(Hoeo)2]4– and [(H2oeo)2]4– components that they are undifferentiated in the crystal structures, and the solid solutions that they form can be viewed as molecular alloys.
Total Synthesis of (+)‐Seimatopolide A
Authors: Raji Reddy Chada , Rao Nagavaram Narsimha , Reddy Motatipally Damoder 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe first enantioselective total synthesis of a polyhydroxylated macrolide, (+)‐seimatopolide A, was achieved. The key reactions, Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation, Yamaguchi esterification, and ring‐closing metathesis, provided easy access to the target molecule from L‐aspartic acid. Further, the absolute stereochemistry of the natural product has also been revised.
One‐dimensional Model of Oxygen Transport Impedance Accounting for Convection Perpendicular to the Electrode
Authors: Mainka J. , Maranzana G. , Thomas A. , Dillet J. , Didierjean S. , Lottin O. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA one‐dimensional (1D) model of oxygen transport in the diffusion media of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) is presented, which considers convection perpendicular to the electrode in addition to diffusion. The resulting analytical expression of the convecto‐diffusive impedance is obtained using a convection–diffusion equation instead of a diffusion equation in the case of classical Warburg impedance. The main hypothesis of the model is that the convective flux is generated by the evacuation of water produced at the cathode which flows through the porous media in vapor phase. This allows the expression of the convective flux velocity as a function of the current density and of the water transport coefficient α (the fraction of water being evacuated at the cathode outlet). The resulting 1D oxygen transport impedance neglects processes occurring in the direction parallel to the electrode that could have a significant impact on the cell impedance, like gas consumption or concentration oscillations induced by the measuring signal. However, it enables us to estimate the impact of convection perpendicular to the electrode on PEMFC impedance spectra and to determine in which conditions the approximation of a purely diffusive oxygen transport is valid. Experimental observations confirm the numerical results.
Effect of Anode off‐gas Recycling on Reforming of Natural Gas for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Systems
Authors: Halinen M. , Thomann O. , Kiviaho J. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe effect of anode off‐gas recycling (AOGR) on the characteristic performance of a natural gas reformer equipped with a precious metal catalyst is investigated experimentally. The reformer is operated both with synthetic AOGR gas and in steam reforming (SR) conditions. The characteristic performance in SR and AOGR mode are compared with equilibrium, and it is found that equilibrium is more readily achieved in AOGR mode. The reformer is used for extended periods of time (100–1,000 h) in conditions where carbon formation is thermodynamically possible to measure any changes in characteristic performance. No significant change in the performance is observed due to carbon formation or catalyst deactivation. The reformer could be successfully implemented in a 10 kW SOFC system with an anode off‐gas recycling loop.
Three novel cytogenetically cryptic EVI1 rearrangements associated with increased EVI1 expression and poor prognosis identified in 27 acute myeloid leukemia cases
Authors: Haferlach Claudia , Bacher Ulrike , Grossmann Vera , Schindela Sonja , Zenger Melanie , Kohlmann Alexander , Kern Wolfgang , Haferlach Torsten , Schnittger Susanne 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn acute myeloid leukemia (AML), increased ecotropic virus integration site 1 protein homolog (EVI1) gene expression is prognostically unfavorable. Subsets of cases show 3q26 rearrangements, such as inv(3)(q21q26)/t(3;3)(q21;q26), frequently accompanied by chromosome 7 abnormalities. We investigated whether cytogenetically cryptic EVI1 rearrangements may cause EVI1 overexpression in myeloid malignancies without 3q26 abnormalities and investigated 983 patients with AML (n = 606) or myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS; n = 377) with normal karyotype (CN‐AML/CN‐MDS, n = 594) or chromosome 7 abnormalities (n = 389) for EVI1 rearrangements using interphase FISH. We identified cytogenetically cryptic EVI1 rearrangements in 27 patients (19 AML, 8 MDS): inv(3)(p24q26) [n = 10]; t(3;21)(q26;q11) [n = 9]; and der(7)t(3;7)(q26;q21) [n = 8]. Elevated EVI1 expression was detected in nearly all cases with cryptic EVI1 rearrangements: Median %EVI1/ABL1 was 92.8 (range: 29.8–146.1) in inv(3)(p24q26), 104.9 (41.4–176.3) in t(3;21)(q26;q11), and 101.8 (4.4–210.4) in der(7)t(3;7)(q26;q21). This was similar to median %EVI1/ABL1 of 73.9 (range: 7.3–585.6) in an independent cohort of inv(3)(q21q26)/t(3;3)(q21;q26) and 67.1 (2.3–410.7) in other 3q26/EVI1 rearrangements. Healthy controls showed median EVI1 expression of 0.5 (range: 0.0–5.8). Using SNP microarray and sequencing analyses, the breakpoints of der(7)t(3;7)(q26;q21) were assigned to CDK6 and centromeric of EVI1, and of t(3;21)(q26;q11) to be within EVI1 and NRIP1. Median overall survival in patients with cryptic EVI1 rearrangements was short, comparable to patients with inv(3)(q21q26)/t(3;3)(q21;q26) or other EVI1 rearrangements. Cryptic EVI1 rearrangements contribute to explain the clinical heterogeneity of CN‐AML and are associated with elevated EVI1 expression and an unfavorable prognosis. Screening for cryptic EVI1 rearrangements by FISH may be particularly appropriate in CN‐AML with elevated EVI1 expression or in AML/MDS patients with chromosome 7 abnormalities. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
TIME VARIATION IN THE DYNAMICS OF WORKER FLOWS: EVIDENCE FROM NORTH AMERICA AND EUROPE
Authors: Campolieti Michele , Gefang Deborah , Koop Gary 
Published: August 2012

SUMMARYVector autoregressive methods have been used to model the interrelationships between job vacancy rates, job separation rates and job‐finding rates using tools such as impulse response analysis. We investigate whether such impulse responses change across the business cycle or over time, by estimating time‐varying parameter–vector autoregressions for data from North America (the USA and Canada) and Europe (France, Spain and the UK). While the adjustment process of the labour market to shocks in Canada and the USA is similar, we find the adjustment process differs much more across the European countries, with greater persistence in shocks relative to the USA and Canada. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Disruption of the dynein-dynactin complex unveils motor-specific functions in osteoclast formation and bone resorption
Authors: Ng Pei Ying , Cheng Tak Sum , Zhao Haibo , Ye Shiqiao , SM Ang Estabelle , Khor Ee Cheng , Feng Hao-Tian , Xu Jiake , Zheng Ming H , Pavlos Nathan J 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Osteoclastic bone resorption requires strict interplay between acidified carrier vesicles, motor proteins, and the underlying cytoskeleton in order to sustain the specialized structural and functional polarization of the ruffled border. Cytoplasmic dynein, a large processive mechanochemical motor comprising heavy, intermediate, and light chains coupled to the dynactin cofactor complex, powers unilateral motility of diverse cargos to microtubule minus-ends. We have recently shown that regulators of the dynein motor complex constitute critical components of the osteoclastic bone resorptive machinery. Here, by selectively modulating endogenous dynein activity, we show that the integrity of the dynein-dynactin motor complex is an essential requirement for both osteoclast formation and function. Systematic dissection of the osteoclast dynein-dynactin complex revealed that it is differentially localized throughout RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and activation, undergoing microtubule-coupled reorganization upon the establishment of cellular polarization. In osteoclasts actively resorbing bone, dynein-dynactin intimately co-localizes with the CAP-Gly domain-containing microtubule plus-end protein CLIP-170 at the resorptive front, thus orientating the ruffled border as a microtubule plus-end domain. Unexpectedly, disruption of the dynein-dynactin complex by exogenous p50/dynamitin expression retards osteoclast formation in vitro, owing largely to prolonged mitotic stasis of osteoclast progenitor cells. More importantly, loss of osteoclastic dynein activity results in a drastic redistribution of key intracellular organelles, including the Golgi and lysosomes, an effect that coincides with impaired cathepsin K secretion and diminished bone resorptive function. Collectively, these data unveil a previously unrecognized role for the dynein-dynactin motor complex in osteoclast formation and function, serving not only to regulate their timely maturation but also the delivery of osteolytic cargo that is essential to the bone resorptive process. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Bone mineral content and density of the lumbar spine of infants and toddlers: Influence of age, sex, race, growth, and human milk feeding
Authors: Kalkwarf Heidi J , Zemel Babette S , Yolton Kimberly , Heubi James E 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Little is known about factors that affect bone mass and density of infants and toddlers and the means to assess their bone health owing to challenges in studying this population. The objectives of this study were to describe age, sex, race, growth, and human milk feeding effects on bone mineral content (BMC) and areal density (aBMD) of the lumbar spine, and determine precision of BMC and aBMD measurements. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 307 healthy participants (63 black), ages 1 to 36 months. BMC and aBMD of the lumbar spine were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Duplicate scans were obtained on 76 participants for precision determination. Age-specific Z-scores for aBMD, weight, and length (BMDZ, WAZ, LAZ) were calculated. Information on human milk feeding duration was ascertained by questionnaire. Between ages 1 and 36 months, lumbar spine BMC increased about fivefold and aBMD increased twofold (p &lt; 0.0001). BMC was greater (5.8%) in males than in females (p = 0.001), but there was no difference in aBMD (p = 0.37). There was no difference in BMC or aBMD between whites and blacks (p ≥ 0.16). WAZ and LAZ were positively associated with BMDZ (r = 0.34 and 0.24, p &lt; 0.001). Duration of human milk feeding was negatively associated with BMDZ in infants &lt;12 months of age (r = −0.42, p &lt; 0.001). Precision of BMC and aBMD measurements was good, 2.20% and 1.84%, respectively. Dramatic increases in BMC and aBMD of the lumbar spine occur in the first 36 months of life. We provide age-specific values for aBMD of healthy infants and toddlers that can be used to evaluate bone deficits. Future studies are needed to identify the age when sex and race differences in aBMD occur, and how best to account for delayed or accelerated growth in the context of bone health assessment of infants and toddlers. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Peripheral leptin regulates bone formation
Authors: Turner Russell T , Kalra Satya P , Wong Carmen P , Philbrick Kenneth A , Lindenmaier Laurence B , Boghossian Stephane , Iwaniec Urszula T 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Substantial evidence does not support the prevailing view that leptin, acting through a hypothalamic relay, decreases bone accrual by inhibiting bone formation. To clarify the mechanisms underlying regulation of bone architecture by leptin, we evaluated bone growth and turnover in wild-type (WT) mice, leptin receptor-deficient db/db mice, leptin-deficient ob/ob mice, and ob/ob mice treated with leptin. We also performed hypothalamic leptin gene therapy to determine the effect of elevated hypothalamic leptin levels on osteoblasts. Finally, to determine the effects of loss of peripheral leptin signaling on bone formation and energy metabolism, we used bone marrow (BM) from WT or db/db donor mice to reconstitute the hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cell compartments in lethally irradiated WT recipient mice. Decreases in bone growth, osteoblast-lined bone perimeter and bone formation rate were observed in ob/ob mice and greatly increased in ob/ob mice following subcutaneous administration of leptin. Similarly, hypothalamic leptin gene therapy increased osteoblast-lined bone perimeter in ob/ob mice. In spite of normal osteoclast-lined bone perimeter, db/db mice exhibited a mild but generalized osteopetrotic-like (calcified cartilage encased by bone) skeletal phenotype and greatly reduced serum markers of bone turnover. Tracking studies and histology revealed quantitative replacement of BM cells following BM transplantation. WT mice engrafted with db/db BM did not differ in energy homeostasis from untreated WT mice or WT mice engrafted with WT BM. Bone formation in WT mice engrafted with WT BM did not differ from WT mice, whereas bone formation in WT mice engrafted with db/db cells did not differ from the low rates observed in untreated db/db mice. In summary, our results indicate that leptin, acting primarily through peripheral pathways, increases osteoblast number and activity. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Inhibition of PTEN expression and activity by angiotensin II induces proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Dong Xue , Yu Lu‐Gang , Sun Rong , Cheng Yan‐Na , Cao Hua , Yang Kang‐Min , Dong Yi‐Ning , Wu Yan , Guo Xiu‐Li 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) is a tumor suppressor and has been suggested recently to be involved in the regulation of cardiovascular diseases. The molecular mechanisms of this regulation are however poorly understood. This study shows that down regulation of PTEN expression and activity by angiotensin II (Ang II) increased proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The presence of Ang II induced rapid PTEN phosphorylation and oxidation in accordance with increased AKT and FAK phosphorylation. The Ang II‐mediated VSMC proliferation and migration was inhibited when cellular PTEN expression was increased by AT1 inhibitor losartan, PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone, NF‐κB inhibitor BAY 11‐7082. Over expression of PTEN in VSMCs by adenovirus transduction also resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation and migration in response to Ang II. These results suggest that PTEN down‐regulation is involved in proliferation and migration of VSMCs induced by Ang II. This provides insight into the molecular regulation of PTEN in vascular smooth muscle cells and suggests that targeting the action of PTEN may represent an effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 174–182, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Oxidative stress and apoptosis in homocystinuria patients with genetic remethylation defects
Authors: Richard Eva , Desviat Lourdes R. , Ugarte Magdalena , Pérez Belén 
Published: August 2012

AbstractOxidative stress has been described as a putative disease mechanism in pathologies associated with an elevation of homocysteine. An increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis rate have been associated with several disorders of cobalamin metabolism, particularly with methylmalonic aciduria (MMA) combined with homocystinuria cblC type. In this work, we have evaluated several parameters related to oxidative stress and apoptosis in fibroblasts from patients with homocystinuria due to defects in the MTR, MTRR, and MTHFR genes involved in the remethylation pathway of homocysteine. We have also evaluated these processes by knocking down the MTRR gene in cellular models, and complementation by transducing the wild‐type gene in cblE mutant fibroblasts. All cell lines showed a significant increase in ROS content and in MnSOD expression level, and also a higher rate of apoptosis with similar levels to the ones in cblC fibroblasts. The amount of the active phosphorylated forms of p38 and JNK stress‐kinases was also increased. ROS content and apoptosis rate increased in control fibroblasts and in a glioblastoma cell line by shRNA‐mediated silencing of MTRR gene expression. In contrast, wild‐type MTRR gene corrected mutant cell lines showed a decrease in ROS and apoptosis levels. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first evidence that an impaired remethylation capacity due to low MTRR and MTR activity might be partially responsible for stress response. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 183–191, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The social interest index: A study of construct validity
Authors: Mozdzierz Gerald J. , Semyck Roger W. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractInvestigated the construct validity of the Social Interest Index (SII) on a sample (N = 140) of hospitalized male alcoholics. Because of the inferred properties of social interest, it was hypothesized that the SII would relate positively with measures of some social traits, mental health, intelligence, education, and internal locus of control and would relate negatively with measures of other social traits and MMPI “pathology” scales. The hypotheses generally were supported. The significant positive correlation between the SII and social desirability was discussed along with other theoretical/methodological issues raised by the data.
The prediction of impulsive behavior: Comparative validities of obvious vs. subtle MMPI hypomania (MA) items
Authors: Hovanitz Christine A. , Gynther Malcolm D. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAssessed the relative predictive validity of obvious (0), neutral (N), and subtle (S) items of the MMPI MA scale (N = 86 males). Subtle‐obvious ratings were compared to criteria in the three types of measurement delineated by Cattell, namely, questionnaire, life‐history, and objective tests. MA‐O was correlated positively with the Experience Seeking factor of the Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS) as well as time taken and errors on the Porteus Maze, while MA‐S was correlated positively with the Thrill and Adventure Seeking factor of the SSS and the biographic questionnaire. MA‐N, on the other hand, was not related to any criteria. Because the correlations among the criteria themselves were generally insignificant, it was suggested that hypomania is not a homogeneous construct.
The Barron ego strength scale: A study of personality correlates among normals
Authors: Harmon Margaret H. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAlthough the Barron Ego Strength Scale (BESS) often has been shown to differentiate between the presence or absence of psychopathology, the exact construct measured as Ego Strength is little understood. This study related the BESS to the 15 personality needs of the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule, the Tolerance Scale of the California Psychological Inventory, and the Practical Outlook Scale of the Omnibus Personality Inventory. Ss were 80 normal adult women, recruited individually from the community. Results showed significant correlations (p <.05) only between Ego Strength and Abasement (‐.44), Dominance (.19), Tolerance (.69), and Practical Outlook (‐.32). This suggests that rather than distinguishing among specific personality profiles, the BESS relates to an underlying belief in self‐adequacy, along with tolerant, balanced attitudes.
A comparison of black and white children's WISC/WISC‐R differences
Authors: Munford Paul R. , Meyerowitz Beth E. , Munford Arna M. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAdministered the WISC and WISC‐R to 20 white child psychiatric outpatients in a counterbalanced design. The white Ss' WISC/WISC‐R differences were compared to equivalent data obtained from black children (Munford, 1978). For the white Ss, no differences were found between WISC and WISC‐R Verbal, Performance, and Full Scale IQs, whereas black children scored significantly lower on the WISC‐R than on the WISC on all three IQ measures. These findings indicate increased cultural bias in the WISC‐R, despite apparent efforts to produce contrary results. A possible reason for this seemingly paradoxical outcome is offered, and future research possibilities are suggested.
Training parents as therapists: A comparison between individual parent‐child interaction training and parent group didactic training
Authors: Eyberg Sheila M. , Matarazzo Ruth G. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractChildren with home behavior problems frequently are treated via training their parents to become behavior therapists for their own children. One well‐established approach has been to use didactic group training. Another approach involves parent training in specific parent‐child interaction patterns through the use of modeling, in vivo practice, and immediate feedback. In this study, the effectiveness of these two methods was compared via multiple outcome measures, which included both direct therapist observation and parent report. Twenty‐nine children between the ages of 4 and 9 were divided into didactic group‐treatment, individual mother‐child interaction training, and controls. After five training sessions, therapist observation revealed improvement in the facilitative behavior of the mothers who received individual, in‐vivo instruction, as well as improvement in the children's behavior. No significant changes were observed in the group treatment or control conditions. Specific home management behaviors were improved in all three groups according to mothers' reports. The individually trained mothers expressed significantly more satisfaction with the program. It is suggested that direct observation of mother‐child behavior, with immediate feedback, reinforcement, and further practice, may be related to the superiority of the individual training method.