bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of a 2.85 μm Feature on Five Spinel-rich Asteroids from JWST
Authors: Gomez Barrientos Jonathan , de Kleer Katherine , Ehlmann Bethany L. , Tissot Francois L. H. , Mueller Jessica 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Ground-based observations of “Barbarian” L-type asteroids at 1–2.5 μm indicate that their near-infrared spectra are dominated by the mineral spinel, which has been attributed to a high abundance of calcium-aluminum inclusions (CAIs)—the first solids to condense out of the protoplanetary disk during the formation of the solar system. However, the spectral properties of these asteroids from 2.5–5 μm, a wavelength region that covers signatures of hydrated minerals, water, and organics, have not yet been explored. Here, we present 2–5 μm reflectance spectra of five spinel-rich asteroids obtained with the NIRSpec instrument on the James Webb Space Telescope. All five targets exhibit a ∼2.85 μm absorption feature with a band depth of 3%–6% that appears correlated in strength with that of the 2 μm spinel absorption feature. The shape and position of the 2.85 μm feature are not a good match to the 2.7 μm feature commonly seen in carbonaceous CM meteorites or C-type asteroids. The closest spectral matches are to the Moon and Vesta, suggesting commonalities in aqueous alteration across silicate bodies, infall of hydrated material, and/or space weathering by solar wind H implantation. Lab spectra of CO/CV chondrites, CAIs, as well as the minerals cronstedtite and spinel, also show a similar feature, providing clues into the origin of the 2.85 μm feature.
Determination of the Abundance of Mercury from the Hg ii Line at 5677.10 Å in Late B-type Stars: Paper I—HD 35548 and HD 89822
Authors: Monier Richard 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The weak line of Hg ii located at 5677.10 Å is used to measure the mercury abundance in two mercury rich stars, HD 35548 and HD 89822. The synthesis of this line, using the current atomic parameters available in NIST, confirms that mercury is very abundant in both stars. The abundance derived from this line is in very good agreement with the abundance derived from the commonly used line at 3983.93 Å for HD 35548 but it is smaller for HD 89822.
Totally laparoscopic combined perineal and parastomal hernia repair following pelvic exenteration and ileal conduit: A rare case report and technical aspects
Authors: Shenoy Ganesh K , Thomas Marina , Shamburao Ramesh B 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Acquired perineal and parastomal hernias are rare but are known complications following extensive pelvic surgeries for oncological reasons with diversion urostoma or colostomy. The occurrence of both these hernias in a same patient is even rarer, with exact incidence unknown. Most of the literature describe case reports of combined perineal and parastomal hernias following abdominoperineal resection, which was managed either by open, laparoscopic or by robotic approach. We herein describe the first reported case of perineal and parastomal hernia in a 76-year-old woman following anterior pelvic exenteration and ileal conduit for carcinoma urinary bladder which was managed by total laparoscopic approach with favorable outcome at 1-year follow-up.
Enhanced view totally extraperitoneal approach to irreducible inguinoscrotal and giant inguinal hernias: Technical remarks and 5-year experience
Authors: Shenoy Ganesh , Shamburao Ramesh B , Thomas Marina 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
The purpose of this study was to present our 5-year experience of enhanced view totally extraperitoneal (eTEP) approach for irreducible inguinoscrotal and giant inguinal hernias (GIHs), present technical aspects and clinical outcomes in this subset of patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This is a retrospective study of 46 patients who underwent eTEP mesh repair for irreducible inguinoscrotal and GIHs from January 2018 to January 2023. The operative steps, difficulties encountered, and tips to perform eTEP in these patients were discussed.

RESULTS:
The mean age was 54.9 years and the mean BMI was 29 kg/m2. Out of 46 patients, 28 underwent right, 15 left, and 3 underwent bilateral eTEP. Four patients underwent extended totally extraperitoneal-Rives Stoppa (ETEP-RS) for associated umbilical hernia. Four had type 1 GIH with one patient undergoing down to up transversus abdominis release. The mean operating time was 50 min for unilateral, 70 min for bilateral eTEP, and 140 min when ETEP-RS was also performed. We used a minimum size of 13 cm × 17 cm polypropylene mesh.
Seroma was seen in eight patients and chronic groin pain in one patient and was managed conservatively. There was no conversion to open or hybrid repair. There were no reoperations or recurrences during the 3-year mean follow-up (3 months–5 years).

CONCLUSIONS:
eTEP approach is safe, feasible, and offers good outcomes in the management of irreducible inguinoscrotal hernias and GIHs in experienced hands.
History of inguinal hernia repair, laparoendoscopic techniques, implementation in surgical praxis, and future perspectives
Authors: Bittner Reinhard R. , Felix Edward L. 
Published: May 2024

Those who do not know the past cannot understand the present and cannot shape the future. (Helmut Kohl, Chancellor of Germany 1982–1998).

INTRODUCTION:
Historical development of open and laparoendoscopic inguinal hernia repair is presented. Advantages and disadvantages of currently used techniques as well as problems related to the implementation of the minimal invasive techniques in daily surgical work are discussed.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Intensive study of the literature and our own personal experience with the performance of transabdominal preperitoneal patch plasty (TAPP) and totally extraperitoneal patch plasty (TEP) were used. Systematic descriptions of the TAPP and TEP techniques to achieve the best results are summarized. The penetration rate of the laparoendoscopic techniques worldwide is reviewed.

RESULTS:
Laparoendoscopic inguinal hernia repair is superior to open surgery with respect to all pain-associated parameters. Profound knowledge of the anatomy of the groin, of the pathophysiology of hernia development as well as of the working mechanisms of the surgical techniques are described as being the key features for successful treatment. The worldwide penetration rate of TAPP/TEP is dependent on the respective country and varies between 1% and 80%. The main reasons for these striking differences are the preference of individual surgeons, available resources of the specific national health care systems, differences in training facilities, and even differences in insurance coverage. New imaging systems as well as robot-assisted techniques are still need to be evaluated sufficiently for final recommendations.

CONCLUSION:
TAPP and TEP are well-established techniques of minimally invasive repair of inguinal hernias. Both techniques are safe, reliable, and cost-effective. Despite some meaningful advantages in comparison to open surgery, the penetration rate in most of the countries, however, remains low. Improvement of training techniques and facilities is urgently needed. Robot-assisted techniques and the use of simulators may be the promoter of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair in the future.
Assessment of quality of life using EuraHS-QoL score and postoperative outcome measures following endoscopic video-assisted component separation with laparoscopic intraperitoneal onlay mesh repair in large midline ventral hernia repair
Authors: Losu Pute U , Lal Romesh , Gupta Amrit K , Chaudhary Poras 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
This study aimed to assess the quality of life using the EuraHS-quality-of-life (QoL) score and postoperative outcome measures in patients undergoing endoscopic component separation technique with laparoscopic intraperitoneal onlay mesh repair in large (>5 cm) midline ventral hernia mesh placement and to compare EuraHS-QoL score with the currently available hernia-related QoL score—Carolina Comfort Scale.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This was a single-center prospective observational study. A total of 60 patients were studied. Component separation index and abdominal wall strength score were calculated. The quality of life was assessed by EuraHS-QoL Score and Carolina Comfort Score.

RESULTS:
The mean abdominal wall strength score at 3 months postoperatively was 6.83 ± 0.87, and a P value of less than 0.001 was significant. The correlation between EuraHS-QoL score and Carolina Comfort Scale was assessed with respect to the pain domain and movement limitation/restriction domain using Spearman correlation, which showed a positive correlation.

CONCLUSIONS:
Endoscopic component separation technique with laparoscopic intraperitoneal onlay mesh repair is a safe procedure owing to its better postoperative and functional outcomes. The EuraHS-QoL score is superior to Carolina Comfort Scale as it is more user-friendly, accessible, detailed, and precise.
Primary eyecare in paediatrics population (PREPP) – II study: Study of satisfaction of services and barrier for not reporting to the base hospital on referral among pediatric patients treated in six major vision centers of a tertiary eye care facility in Southern India
Authors: Kalita Iva R , Kannusamy Veena , Mouttapa Fredrick , Singh Harsh V 
Published: May 2024

Purpose:
This study was conducted in continuation of Primary Eyecare in Paediatrics Population (PREPP-I) and was aimed to assess parents’ satisfaction with pediatric-eye-care services across six vision centers (VCs) of a tertiary eye hospital in Southern India. The barriers among the parents for not attending the base hospital (BH) when referred from these VCs were also evaluated.

Methods:
A standard-validated-satisfaction questionnaire (VSQ) was used to assess patient satisfaction. Responses were assessed on a 5-point Likert scale: 0 (very dissatisfied) to 4 (very satisfied) against each response. Responses were expressed as percentages with 0 (very dissatisfied) and 100% (very satisfied). Patients were referred with a form mentioning reasons for referral (urgent/non-urgent). All referrals were evaluated by the principal investigator. In case of failure to report, parents were enquired about the barrier based on the validated barrier questionnaire (VBQ) over a telephonic conversation.

Results:
All 250 patients of the PREPP-1 study were included in the satisfaction study. Different domains were evaluated using VSQ (accessibility of VC, waiting hours, financial aspects, spectacle dispensing service, and teleophthalmology). The overall satisfaction was 75%. The most common reason for dissatisfaction was the lack of meeting the ophthalmologist in person, followed by waiting time. 58 patients wanted to visit BH to consult a pediatric ophthalmologist in person (23%). For the barrier study, 14 out of 47 referrals did not report and were evaluated using VBQ (knowledge, physical, time, and financial barriers). The majority had a financial barrier (43%), followed by knowledge (28.6%) and time barrier (14%).

Conclusion:
PREPP-II demonstrated that 3/4th of pediatric patients are happy to be treated at VC with teleophthalmology services. However, a significant percentage want to consult a specialist at BH. One-fourth of total referrals did not report to BH due to financial constraints and a lack of awareness of the child’s condition.
Comparison of Hill-RBF 3.0 with Barrett Universal II, SRK/T, Hoffer Q, Haigis, and Holladay 1 to predict the accuracy of post-cataract surgery refractive outcomes in Indian eyes
Authors: Natung Tanie , Pandey Ishita , Nongrum Benjamin , Sekhose Ester K 
Published: May 2024

Purpose:
To compare Hill-RBF 3.0 with Barrett Universal II (BU II), SRK/T, Hoffer Q, Haigis, and Holladay 1 in predicting the accuracy of post-cataract surgery refractive outcomes in Indian eyes.

Methods:
In this prospective, comparative, observational study, consecutive patients with uncomplicated age-related cataracts undergoing uneventful phacoemulsification with posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation were included. The mean absolute errors (MAEs) and median absolute errors were used to determine the accuracy of predicted postoperative target refractions.

Results:
A total of 219 eyes of 173 patients were enrolled. Based on the axial lengths (AL), the patients were classified into: AL <22 mm (short), 22–24.5 mm (normal), and >24.5 mm (long). BU II exhibited the lowest MAE for normal ALs (0.2683 ± 0.2790 D) as well as for the entire population (0.2764 ± 0.2764 D). For the short ALs, Hill RBF 3.0 exhibited the lowest MAE (0.3268 ± 0.3268 D), while for the long ALs, SRK/T showed the lowest MAE (0.2823 ± 0.2642 D). BU II exhibited the highest percentage of eyes of 57.5%, 95.4%, and 98.6% within ±0.25, ±0.75, and ±1.0 D of postoperative target refractions respectively, whereas Hill RBF 3.0 had the highest percentages of eyes (88.1%) within ±0.5 D of postoperative target refraction.

Conclusion:
Hill-RBF 3.0 exhibited the least MAE for patients with short ALs, while BU II showed the least MAE for normal ALs as well as for the entire population and SRK/T for long ALs. This study is likely to aid surgeons in selecting the most appropriate IOL power formula, which thereby improves the refractive outcomes with utmost accuracy.
Clinical outcomes of a modified ophthalmic viscosurgical device-free implantable collamer lens implantation
Authors: Wang Chuqiao , Yu Qi , Zhou Qimin , Li Fang , Zhou Jibo 
Published: May 2024

Purpose:To investigate the efficacy and safety of a modified dual-incision ophthalmic viscosurgical device-free (OVD-free) method for implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation in high myopic eyes.Methods:A total of 68 participants were enrolled in this prospective randomized clinical trial, including 33 in the OVD-free group and 35 in the standard group. Operation time and intraocular pressure (IOP) at 2 hours postoperatively were recorded. Visual acuity, refractive power, IOP, corneal endothelium parameters, and anterior segment parameters were assessed at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months postoperatively. Postoperative subjective visual quality at 3 months was recorded through a Quality of Vision (QoV) questionnaire.Results:No significant differences in visual acuity, refractive outcomes, and corneal endothelial parameters were found, while the operation time was significantly shorter in the OVD-free group. Both groups showed a significant increase in IOP at 2 hours after surgery, but the increase in the OVD-free group was significantly smaller than that in the standard group. In addition, the frequency of ring-shaped dysphotopsia in the OVD-free group (15.15%) was significantly lower than that in the standard group (40%), and the severity and annoyance of this symptom were also significantly lower in the OVD-free group.Conclusion:The modified OVD-free ICL implantation is a safe, effective, and predictable method for myopia correction, which could be a better choice for short surgery time, better subjective visual perception, and low occurrence of IOP elevation.
Psychological health among healthcare professionals during COVID-19 pandemic: An updated meta-analysis
Authors: Narapaka Pavan Kumar , Katikala Kalpana , Ponnala Varun Raj , Meenakshi Sarasa , Viswas Gopal , Singh Manisha , Venkateshan Raghul Gandhi , Dhingra Sameer 
Published: May 2024

Background:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak created a challenge to manage the health, especially the mental health of various care providers involved in treating the patients infected with the virus. Previously published literature has shown a significant effect of the pandemic on the psychological health of healthcare workers (HCWs) globally; so, this study aimed to describe the psychological health outcomes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among Indian HCWs.

Methods:
An extensive literature search was conducted in databases including PubMed and Google Scholar. The search was restricted from the COVID-19 outbreak until June 2022. Cross-sectional studies and other studies (telephonic interviews and survey-based studies) reported the prevalence of anxiety and depression among frontline HCWs since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. All the studies were critically evaluated by two individual authors in terms of screening and methodological quality evaluation. A total of 16 studies were included in the final meta-analysis.

Results:
The prevalence of depression among n = 12231 participants of 14 studies was 0.37 CI 95% [0.28–0.48]; the prevalence of anxiety among n = 9467 participants of 12 studies was 0.39 CI 95% [0.29–0.49]. The results of the overall meta-analysis indicate that 37% and 39% of HCWs in this study experienced mild-to-severe depression and anxiety, respectively. During the COVID-19 pandemic, a significant number of HCWs developed mental health issues, with a reported prevalence of depression (37%) and anxiety (39%).

Conclusion:
Frontline HCWs’ mental health should get full consideration during public health emergencies, screening should be actively conducted, and specific steps should be taken to lower the fear associated with the risk of infections.
Attitudes and awareness of refractive surgery among medical undergraduates
Authors: Bansal Yashi , Bandhu Seema Dutt , Rahman Mohammad Hifz Ur , Garg Sahil , Pasricha Yukta 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Refractive errors are common vision disorders globally. Advancements in refractive surgeries have provided new options for vision correction. However, uptake depends on awareness and personal attitudes.

Objectives:
This study aimed to assess the awareness, attitudes, and preferences regarding refractive procedures among medical undergraduates.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted among 133 medical students. A prevalidated questionnaire was used to collect data on demographics, spectacles/contact lens use, awareness of procedures, willingness to undergo surgery, and recommend it to others. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests.

Results:
Most students (92.5%) were aware of refractive surgeries. Spectacles were used by 70.7% and contact lenses by 57.9%. Most users were comfortable with their method. Less than half (47.4%) planned to undergo refractive surgery themselves, although 63.2% would recommend it to family/friends. Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) was the preferred choice (44.4%). Those willing to undergo surgery were more likely to advise it to others (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
This study found a high awareness but lower personal acceptance of refractive surgery among medical students. LASIK was the most preferred procedure. Updated education about advances in refractive correction is needed in the medical curriculum. This can enable future physicians to better counsel patients regarding vision correction options.
A case–control study of tear film functions in patients with unilateral pterygium at a Tertiary Care Center in Marathwada
Authors: Awargaonkar Amarnath Vijaykumar , Janrao Sagar Babasaheb , Kuril Surajkumar Shobhalal 
Published: May 2024

Context:
Pterygium is a very common ocular surface disorder. Tear film dysfunctions have been reported in subjects with pterygium.

Aim:
We aim to study the correlation between pterygium and dry eye disease in patients with unilateral pterygium.

Settings and Design:
A case–control study of patients with unilateral pterygium was undertaken after ethical clearance from the institutional ethics committee.

Subjects and Methods:
Eighty-seven patients with unilateral pterygium were included in the study. Tear film break-up time (TBUT), Rose Bengal staining (RBS), and Schirmer’s test 1 were performed in both eyes of the patients. Test results were compared with contralateral normal eye of the same patient.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Data were analyzed using t-test and Chi-square test. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
The tear film function parameters, namely Schirmer 1, TBUT, and RBS in the study group, were statistically different as compared to the control group. The mean of TBUT was 8.19 ± 1.87 s in pterygium eyes and 11.83 ± 1.69 s in contralateral normal eyes. The mean of Schirmer’s 1 was 10.65 ± 3.69 mm in pterygium eyes and 16.37 ± 4.82 mm in contralateral eyes with no pterygium.

Conclusion:
There was a statistically significant difference in the values of tear film function between eyes with pterygium and contralateral normal eyes.
Clinicoetiological profile of congenital cataracts in children: A single-center experience
Authors: Cornelius Leema Pauline , Kanagaraj Jered Livinston , Elango Neeraj 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Congenital cataract is the most common treatable cause of blindness during infancy and is responsible for 5%–20% of blindness in children worldwide.

Materials and Methods:
It was a retrospective descriptive study analyzing the causes of congenital cataracts in infants referred to the pediatric neurology department of a tertiary care institution, in South India.

Results:
Thirty-two infants with congenital cataracts underwent evaluation. Thirteen (40.6%) were <6 months and 19 (59.4%) beyond 6 months of age. White reflex in eyes was the primary complaint in 14 (43.8%), not looking at the caregiver in 10 (31.3%), squint in 5 (15.6%), and involuntary movement of eyeballs in 3 (9.4%) patients. Cataracts were bilateral in 26 (81.3%) and unilateral in 6 (18.7%) patients. The associated features were developmental delay in 25 (78.1%), microcephaly in 15 (46.9%), seizures in 6 (18.8%), cardiac disease in 6 (18.8%), focal deficit in 3 (9.4%), and deafness in 2 (6.3%). Neuroimaging revealed basal ganglia calcifications in 6 (18.7%), cerebral atrophy in 3 (9.4%), gliosis in parieto-occipital regions and hyperintensities in frontal regions in 2 (6.3%) children each, and hydrocephalus, Dandy–Walker malformation, thin corpus callosum, and hypomyelination in one (3.1%) each. The etiological causes were confirmed rubella syndrome in 7 (21.9%), probable rubella syndrome in 3 (9.4%), confirmed cytomegalovirus in 6 (18.8%), probable cytomegalovirus in 7 (21.9%), herpes virus infection in 1 (3.1%), combined infections in 2 (6.3%), Down syndrome in 3 (9.4%), Lowe syndrome in 1 (3.1%), and idiopathic in 2 (6.3%) patients.

Conclusion:
Intrauterine infections, especially cytomegaloviral and rubella infections, are the common causes for congenital cataracts in infants. Vaccination against rubella, knowledge about intrauterine infections, mode of spread, and prevention are the needs of the hour.
Comparative analysis of Dry Eye Questionnaire 5 and Ocular Surface Disease Index in assessing dry eye symptoms
Authors: Kadiri Bhavya , Vivekanand Undrakonda , Lobo Sarita RJ 
Published: May 2024

Aim:
To compare the performance of the Dry Eye Questionnaire (DEQ-5) questionnaire with the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire and check its application in large screening camps or nonclinic-based settings.

Study Designs:
Cross-sectional observation study.

Purpose:
To evaluate the DEQ 5 questionnaire by comparing its performance to that of OSDI in assessing dry eye.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study comparing the performance of two questionnaires was conducted. Demographic information was collected. The Cronbach’s alpha reliability and correlation were determined using the Pearson correlation coefficient.

Results:
The reliability of both the DEQ 5 and OSDI was 0.52 and 0.78, respectively. There was a statistically significant correlation between both questionnaires. (r = 0.6, P < 0.050).

Conclusion:
DEQ-5 questionnaire can serve as a useful tool for evaluating and monitoring in various dry eye settings in comparison to OSDI.