bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A semiotic grammar of Vedic Sanskrit
Authors: Bonta Steven 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this study, we apply the methodology of semiotic or interpretive grammar, based on the Peircean ontological Categories and developed in previous work with respect to Mandarin Chinese, to Vedic Sanskrit, a language whose grammar we have previously shown to be constrained by Peircean Thirdness or [+3]. We show the Peircean Category of Thirdness, with all of the paradigmatic and syntagmatic configurations implied thereby, to be richly exemplified throughout Sanskrit grammar, at the morphosyntactic, lexical, and phonological levels. In particular, the Peircean Triad implied by [+3] is found to permeate the syntagmatic structuring not only of clauses, but also of the morphology within both nouns and finite verbs, and even the ordering of phonemes. We also describe the operation of the constraint [+3] paradigmatically in noun declension, verb conjugation, lexical variation, and consonant classification. We conclude that, while “interpretive grammar,” as with all other forms of grammatical description, can never be framed in a way that excludes all exceptions and “messiness,” a semiotic approach to a systematic description has a significant advantage over conventional “descriptive” grammars in furnishing a unified account of different levels of language, from morphosyntax all the way down to phonology, and of both syntagmatic and paradigmatic structures.
Sign detection for cuneiform tablets
Authors: Cobanoglu Yunus , Sáenz Luis , Khait Ilya , Jiménez Enrique 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Among the many excavated cuneiform tablets, only a small portion has been analyzed by Assyriologists. Learning how to read cuneiform is a lengthy and challenging process that can take years to complete. This work aims to improve the automatic detection of cuneiform signs from 2D images of cuneiform tablets. The results can later be used for NLP tasks such as semantic annotation, word alignment and machine translation to assist Assyriologists in their research. We introduce the largest publicly available annotated dataset of cuneiform signs to date. It comprises of 52,102 signs from 315 fully annotated tablets, equating to 512 distinct images. In addition, we have preprocessed and refined four existing datasets, resulting in a comprehensive collection of 88,536 signs. Since some signs are not localized on fully annotated tablets, the total dataset encompasses 593 fully annotated cuneiform tablets, resulting in 654 images. Our efforts to expand this dataset are ongoing. Furthermore, we evaluate two state-of-the-art methods to establish benchmarks in the field. The first is a two-stage supervised sign detection approach that involves: (1) the identification of bounding boxes, and (2) the classification of each sign within these boxes. The second method employs an object detection model. Given the numerous classes and their varied distribution, the task of cuneiform sign detection poses a significant challenge in machine learning. This paper aims to lay a groundwork for future research, offering both a substantial dataset and initial methodologies for sign detection on cuneiform tablets.
Language teacher subjectivities in Japan’s diaspora strategies: Teaching my language as someone’s heritage language
Authors: Motobayashi Kyoko 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study demonstrates the ways in which discourses in a state-sponsored volunteer program incited transformations of individual subjectivities, focusing on a group of Japanese language teacher volunteers training in Japan to become teachers of Japanese as a heritage language for the country’s diaspora (Nikkei) population in South America. As teachers of heritage Japanese at Japanese language schools in these Nikkei communities, their work was central to Japan’s diaspora strategies, which reframe the Nikkei population as Japan’s “diplomatic assets” connected to Japan through their Nikkei identity. Focusing on these language teachers as important actors in Japan’s diaspora strategies, this study illustrates how their encounter with the institutional discourses resulted in the transformations of their subjectivities. Such transformations occurred during the volunteer training sessions hosted by Japan’s international cooperation agency to conceptualize their roles as teachers of Japanese as someone’s heritage language. By illustrating the ways in which these volunteer individuals’ transformations fit within state diaspora strategies, this article underscores the role of state actors in the process of subjectification, which has tended to be overlooked in previous studies of governmentality.
Aberration-corrected hybrid metalens for longwave infrared thermal imaging
Authors: Hu Tie , Wen Liqing , Li Haowei , Wang Shengqi , Xia Rui , Mei Zihan , Yang Zhenyu , Zhao Ming 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Wide-angle metalenses in the longwave infrared have shown great advantages over the traditional refractive doublets or triplets, due to light weight, CMOS compatibility, and low cost. However, previous endeavors have been plagued by challenges including a narrow waveband, large F-number, distortion, and spherical aberration. To address these problems, this study introduces two dispersive metasurfaces, placed near the front focal plane and upon the rear plane of a plano-convex lens, to correct optical aberrations. Utilizing this methodology, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an aberration-corrected hybrid metalens for thermal imaging in the 8–12 μm waveband, featuring an FOV of 24°, F-number of 1.2, and diameter of 12.2 mm. The developed hybrid metalens rigorously evaluated, exhibits Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) values exceeding 0.2 at 20 Lp/mm across the full FOV, and features an average transmission of 48.7 %, a relative focusing efficiencies of up to 42.1 %, polarization insensitivity and broadband imaging capacity. These results emphasize the potential applications of our system in diverse fields, such as camera lenses, autonomous driving, healthcare, and environmental monitoring.
Quantitative measurement of spatial distribution of effective refractive index induced by local electron concentration at a nano slit
Authors: Kim Dae Hee , Park Young Ho , Park Jun Hyung , Nguyen Duy-Anh , Yoo Hongki , Kim Seungchel , Kim Young-Jin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) have found their key applications in high-sensitivity biomolecular detection and integrated photonic devices for optical communication via light manipulation at nanostructures. Despite their broad utility, SPPs are known to be accompanied by other complex near-field propagation modes, such as quasi-cylindrical waves (QCWs) and composite diffracted evanescent waves (CDEWs), whose electromagnetic and quantum propagation effects have not been comprehensively understood especially regarding their mutual interaction with SPPs. In this study, we addressed this complexity by employing a nano groove structure and a high-stability broadband femtosecond laser as a light source, the spatial phase distribution around the nano slit edge was measured with relative stability of a 4.6 × 10−11 at an averaging time of 0.01 s. Through this spatial phase spectrum, we precisely measured the nonlinear distribution of effective refractive index changes with an amplitude of 10−2 refractive index units at the edge of the nano slit–groove structure. These results reveal that the near-field effects on local electron concentration induced by nanostructure’s discontinuity can be quantitatively measured, which can contribute to a deeper understanding of SPP phenomena in nanostructures for the optimal design and utilization of the SPP effects in diverse nano-plasmonic applications.
Making Justice: Justin Martyr and a Curse From Amathous, Cyprus
Authors: Nasrallah Laura Salah 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
At the beginning of Justin’s Apology, an account of injustice, Justin calls upon the emperors as ϕύλακες δικαιοσύνης, “guardians of justice.”
Justin, 1 Apologia 2,2 (OECT, 80,13 Minns/Parvis).
As part of a documentary and legal strategy, Justin’s Apology includes what he claims is an imperial rescript. This paper probes Justin’s Apology and its appended document(s) in relation to other contemporaneous strategies and materializations of seeking justice: appeals and imperial rescripts, on the one hand, and defixiones or “prayers for justice,” on the other. It argues that a cosmology of δαίμονες was activated not only by Justin, who awaits the imminent end of the world, but also by the curses of antiquity. These curses, and Justin’s own libellus or βιβλίδιον, must also be understood as paralegal materials reasonably intended to engage capricious and sometimes violent systems of justice.
“No Foreign Workers, No Agriculture, No Region”: Thai Farmworkers in Israel in the Wake of War
Authors: Kaminer Matan 
Published: May 2024

There is perhaps no more paradigmatically settler-colonial activity than agriculture, especially in the Palestinian/Israeli context. Zionist strategists perceived the takeover of farmland from indigenous cultivators as a primary goal of their colonising project, pursuing it eagerly through purchase until the war of 1948, and primarily through violence since then. More than an economic sector, agriculture has served a strategic role in consolidating control over broad stretches of frontier, as well as the ideological purpose of emblematising the Jewish people’s return to its land (Shafir, 1989; Neumann, 2011). However, pace the emergent orthodoxy in settler-colonial studies – which has recently been subjected to strident critiques, not least in the Palestinian/Israeli context – Israeli agriculture has not, for the most part, been characterised by an “eliminationist” attitude towards indigenous labour or by a serious commitment to exclusively employing the labour of settlers.[1] In fact, Israeli agriculture, like other low-wage sectors of the economy, has nearly always depended on Palestinian labour. When the First Intifada of 1987 to 1991 convinced Israeli policymakers that this dependency was dangerous, their response was to replace it not with the more expensive labour of Israeli citizens, but with the similarly cheap and skilled labour of migrant workers. The farm sector would quickly come to recruit the bulk of its workforce from Thailand, while continuing to employ thousands of Palestinians.
Urgensi Asas Ketuhanan Dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 Tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan
Authors: Musleh  , Nur Rosyidah Amilia Rizqi , Faruq Umar , M. Saedi  
Published: May 2024

Pasal 6 Undang-undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 tentang pembentukan Peraturan perundang-undangan menyatakan bahwa setiap materi yang ada dalam peraturan.perundang-undangan harus memuat dan mencerminkan asas pengayoman, kemanusiaan, bhineka tunggal ika dan seterusnya, akan tetapi jika selain asas yang ada dalam pasal 6 ayat (1) tersebut maka bisa berisi dengan asas yang lainnya sesuai dengan kebutuhan hukum yang diperlukan pada Pasal 6 ayat (1) tidak ada “Asas Ketuhanan”. Padahal nilai ketuhanan menempati urutan pertama dan menjadi rujukan utama dari dasar nilai-nilai yang ada dalam Negara Indonesia. Tidak adanya asas ketuhanan dalam.Pasal .6 ayat (1) Undang-undang. Nomor. 12 Tahun.2011 menjadi salah satu problem. Sehingga memunculkan pertanyaan, bagaimana urgensi dari asas ketuhanan dalam undang-undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011, serta bagaimana implikasi dari asas ketuhanan dalam undang-undang nomor 12 tahun 2011 tersebut dalam perspektif hukum di Indonesia, penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif dan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Pencantuman asas Ketuhanan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 adalah sebuah usaha untuk menjaga dan mempertahankan eksistensi nilai-nilai yang terdapat dalam Pancasila dan UUD 1945 agar tetap terimplementasikan dalam berbagai produk peraturan perundang-undangan, Fakta kekosongan UU No. 12 Tahun 2011 dari asas Ketuhanan sangat potensial menumbuhkan beragam faham yang yang bebas dari nilai Ketuhanan baik sektarianisme maupun fundamentalisme yang sangat mengancam eksistensi Pancasila sebagai dasar Negara. Negara mengakui peran agama dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegara karena agama diakui telah memberikan kontribusinya yang besar dalam perjuangan kemerdekaan.
Criticism of the short-term event analysis method in evaluating the effectiveness of mergers and acquisitions
Authors: Mitenkov A. V. , Klevansky V. F. 
Published: May 2024

The article presents the analysis of the contemporary theoretical and empirical research devoted to evaluation of the effectiveness of mergers and acquisitions by means of short-term event analysis method, managers’ motivation in making decisions on the acquisition of other companies from the perspective of the timing of the expected effect; it adduces and systematizes the limitations of the cumulative abnormal returns (or CARs) method. The authors carry out scientific synthesis of the limitations of the method of capabilities of accurate prediction of the final results of transactions. In particular, the following problems of the CARs method have been identified: determining the date of the event, determining the event window, inconsistencies in research results, outflow of funds from purchasing companies during mergers and acquisitions, arbitrage trading strategies, the lack of long-term predictive value of the method of accumulated excessive profitability, efficient market hypotheses, overcharging of the purchasing company shares.The authors have made a conclusion about possible inaccuracy of the method if used to evaluate the effectiveness of mergers and acquisitions.
Experiência de retorno ao trabalho de mulheres que tiveram aborto espontâneo
Authors: Borges Claudia Daiana , Reinkavieski Celina Ení , Bonetti Daiane , Monteiro Fernanda Thais 
Published: May 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: O aborto espontâneo pode acarretar impactos psicossociais prolongados para a mulher. A presença de uma rede de apoio, inclusive no ambiente de trabalho, é essencial para o luto saudável, uma vez que o retorno às atividades laborais após o aborto é um evento significativo. OBJETIVO: Compreender a experiência de retorno ao trabalho de mulheres que tiveram aborto espontâneo. MÉTODO: Realizou-se uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, com 3 mulheres, maiores de 18 anos, residentes no Litoral Norte de Estado da região Sul do Brasil, que se encontravam regularmente empregadas durante e após a gestação e que tiveram aborto espontâneo nos últimos 2 anos. Como instrumento para a coleta de dados, foi utilizada a entrevista semiestruturada e os dados coletados foram analisados pela análise de conteúdo. RESULTADOS: Os resultados demonstraram que o contexto laboral carece de preparo para receber a mulher enlutada, seja enquanto recursos organizacionais como pessoais. CONCLUSÃO: Destaca-se a importância da implementação, nas organizações, de ações que promovam o acolhimento da mulher após o aborto espontâneo.
Spatial Distribution of Earthquake Occurrence for the New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model 2022
Authors: Rastin Sepideh J. , Rhoades David A. , Rollins Chris , Gerstenberger Matthew C. , Christophersen Annemarie , Thingbaijam Kiran K. S. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
We develop candidate hybrid models representing the spatial distribution of earthquake occurrence in New Zealand over the next 100 yr. These models are used within the onshore/near-shore, shallow component of the distributed seismicity model within the New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model 2022. They combine a variety of spatially gridded covariates based on smoothed seismicity, strain rates, and proximity to mapped faults and plate boundaries in both multiplicative and additive hybrids. They were optimized against a standardized catalog of New Zealand earthquakes with magnitude M ≥ 4.95 and hypocentral depth ≤40 km from 1951 to 2020. We extract smoothed seismicity covariates using three different methods. The additive models are linear combinations of earthquake likelihood models derived from individual covariates. We choose three preferred hybrid models based on the information gain statistics, consideration of the ongoing Canterbury sequence and regions of low seismicity, and inclusion of the most informative covariates. Since the hazard model is designed for the next 100 yr, the preferred hybrid models are also combined with 20-year earthquake forecasts from the “Every Earthquake a Precursor According to Scale” model. Thus, in total, six hybrid spatial distribution candidates are advanced for sensitivity analyses and expert elicitation for inclusion in the final logic tree for the New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model.
Quake-DFN: A Software for Simulating Sequences of Induced Earthquakes in a Discrete Fault Network
Authors: Im Kyungjae , Avouac Jean-Philippe 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
We present an earthquake simulator, Quake-DFN, which allows simulating sequences of earthquakes in a 3D discrete fault network governed by rate and state friction. The simulator is quasi-dynamic, with inertial effects being approximated by radiation damping and a lumped mass. The lumped mass term allows for accounting for inertial overshoot and, in addition, makes the computation more effective. Quake-DFN is compared against three publicly available simulation results: (1) the rupture of a planar fault with uniform prestress (SEAS BP5-QD), (2) the propagation of a rupture across a stepover separating two parallel planar faults (RSQSim and FaultMod), and (3) a branch fault system with a secondary fault splaying from a main fault (FaultMod). Examples of injection-induced earthquake simulations are shown for three different fault geometries: (1) a planar fault with a wide range of initial stresses, (2) a branching fault system with varying fault angles and principal stress orientations, and (3) a fault network similar to the one that was activated during the 2011 Prague, Oklahoma, earthquake sequence. The simulations produce realistic earthquake sequences. The time and magnitude of the induced earthquakes observed in these simulations depend on the difference between the initial friction and the residual friction μi−μf, the value of which quantifies the potential for runaway ruptures (ruptures that can extend beyond the zone of stress perturbation due to the injection). The discrete fault simulations show that our simulator correctly accounts for the effect of fault geometry and regional stress tensor orientation and shape. These examples show that Quake-DFN can be used to simulate earthquake sequences and, most importantly, magnitudes, possibly induced or triggered by a fluid injection near a known fault system.
Accessibility of reproductive health services among women living in the informal settlements of Mathare slums, Nairobi City County, Kenya
Authors: Rotich Janet C. , Osero Justus O. , Gitonga Elphas 
Published: May 2024

Background: This study sought to determine the health facility-related factors and social factors associated with the accessibility of reproductive health services (RHS) among women living in the informal settlements of Mathare slums, Nairobi City County, Kenya.
Methods: This cross-sectional study focused on Nairobi County, Kenya, specifically targeting Mathare slums, known for poor reproductive health (PRH) indicators among women. Three hundred women were randomly recruited from four villages (Mathare 3B, Mathare 4A, Kosovo, and Mathare village 2).
Results: The majority of respondents were aged 18-29 years (48.7%), had primary education (61.7%), were married (58.7%), and unemployed (69.3%). Significant associations were observed between accessibility and the woman's age (χ2=83.013, df=1, p<0.001), education level (p<0.001), marital status (p<0.001), and employment status (χp<0.001). Significant health facility barriers to accessibility encompassed long distances to health facilities (p<0.001), transportation cost constraints (p<0.001), difficult terrain (p<0.001), cost of services (p<0.001), services provided by health facilities (p<0.001), and availability of required medications (p<0.001). Discouragement by friends or family (p<0.001), the perceived influence of age on RHS accessibility (p<0.001), the perceived influence of education level on RHS choices (p=0.014), and the perceived role of a spouse in influencing RHS (p=0.002) were all significant social factors associated with accessibility to RHS.
Conclusions: Health facilities and social factors presented complex challenges, including geographical barriers, transportation costs, and medication availability, while spouse involvement, education's influence, and familial discussions positively impacted accessibility.
Celiac disease in children with failure to thrive and our experience in a tertiary care hospital of Kashmir in north India
Authors: Junaid Mehraj  , Ahmad Mukhtar , Saleem Beigh Mudawar , Nisar Ahmad Sheikh , Ahmad Mir Owais , Yousuf Mir Naseer 
Published: May 2024

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune gastrointestinal disease caused by intolerance to gluten. Celiac disease is an important cause of failure to thrive in children. In addition to intestinal and extra intestinal clinical features, the diagnosis of CD is based up on histological findings in duodenal or jejunal biopsies, which may present in various forms.
Methods: The study was a prospective observational, cohort study, including all children between 2-18 yrs. of age presented with failure to thrive fulfilling criterias of study. The patients with increased levels of IgA anti tTGA were selected for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and duodenal biopsy. The aim of study is to study the prevalence and clinical profile of CD in children with failure to thrive.
Results: A total of 66 cases of failure to thrive/short stature were enrolled, with prevalence of 24.2% of CD. Male: Female ratio was 1:1 in children with CD. Clinical features include weight loss (62.5%), irritability (37.5%), anemia (37.5%), diarrhea (37.5%). On biopsy cases 87.5% cases of failure to thrive had Marsh grading of grade 3 and 12.5% had Marsh grade 2.
Conclusions: Failure to thrive patients with diarrhea and anemia should be evaluated upfront for celiac disease.
The case of task-oriented, <em>polite</em> discourse in intercultural aviation and customer service interactions
Authors: Friginal Eric 
Published: May 2024

Applied corpus linguistics (ACL) as a methodological approach in language and social research has contributed important linguistics-based explications of discourse with critical language policy implications. ACL is understood to include the use of corpus resources, techniques, and tools in order to, for example, examine patterning in public discourses so as to obtain novel understandings of how language is used and construed in specific contexts (Thompson & Friginal, 2020). This paper presents results of two interrelated (case) studies exploring corpus distributions, in particular, of politeness markers, in aviation English communication and outsourced call center interactions. Both specialized corpora, Cross-Cultural Aeronautical Communication Corpus (CCACC) and Corpus of Outsourced Customer Service Calls (Co-CSC) are annotated across socio-cultural structures and task dimensions of interaction in these settings, focusing especially upon speakers’ role-relationships, discoursal goals and objectives, cultural identities, and power dynamics (Baker, 2021; Egbert, Biber, & Gray, 2022; Vine, 2020). Distributions of grammatical politeness markers (e.g., thanks, let's, and speech acts, polite requests, apologies, etc.) are interpreted by focusing on their macro and micro policy implications, especially highlighting emerging mismatches between linguistic realities (i.e., from corpora) and industry expectations.