bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
False security or greater social inclusion? Exploring perceptions of CCTV use in public and private spaces accessed by the homeless
Authors: Huey Laura 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIt has been well documented that owing to the vulnerability inherent in their situation and status, the homeless experience high rates of harassment and criminal victimization. And yet, the question of whether CCTV surveillance of public and private spaces – so frequently viewed by the middle classes as a positive source of potential security – might also be viewed by the homeless in similar ways. Within the present paper, I address this issue by considering the possibility that CCTV might be seen by some homeless men and women as offering: a) a measure of enhanced security for those living in the streets and in shelters, and; b) to the extent that security is conceived of as a social good, the receipt of which marks one as a citizen of the state, a means by which they can be reconstituted as something more than ‘lesser citizens’. To test these ideas, I rely on data from interviews conducted with homeless service users, service providers for the homeless, and police personnel in three cities. What is revealed is a mixed set of beliefs as to the relative security and meaning of CCTV.
Sociology, the public sphere, and modern government: a challenge to the dominance of Habermas
Authors: Wickham Gary 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThere is an unfortunate tendency within some branches of sociology – particularly those usually called ‘critical’, that is, those associated with ‘critical social theory’– to treat with disdain the understanding of the public sphere that many modern governments use daily in making and implementing public policy. The majority of sociologists in those branches seem to prefer, as part and parcel of their normative commitments, Jürgen Habermas's Kantian understanding of the public sphere, which focuses primarily on reason and morality and insists that these two forces are of a higher order than politics and law. This paper offers a set of criticisms of the Habermas–Kant understanding, arguing that its focus on reason and morality, were it to become more widespread, would steer sociology into public policy irrelevance. The paper goes on to describe a very different understanding of the public sphere, a politico‐legal or civil‐peace understanding which operates as the public policy focus of those governments that have relegated questions of salvation (whether religious or ideological) to the private sphere. This understanding emerged from early modern attempts to carve out a domain of relative freedom and security against the deadly violence of religious disputation sweeping across Europe. The paper readily acknowledges that some ‘non‐critical’ branches of sociology already employ a version of this understanding.
Haplotype Misclassification Resulting from Statistical Reconstruction and Genotype Error, and Its Impact on Association Estimates
Authors: Lamina Claudia , Küchenhoff Helmut , Chang‐Claude Jenny , Paulweber Bernhard , Wichmann H.‐Erich , Illig Thomas , Hoehe Margret R. , Kronenberg Florian , Heid Iris M. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryHaplotypes are an important concept for genetic association studies, but involve uncertainty due to statistical reconstruction from single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes and genotype error. We developed a re‐sampling approach to quantify haplotype misclassification probabilities and implemented the MC‐SIMEX approach to tackle this as a 3 × 3 misclassification problem. Using a previously published approach as a benchmark for comparison, we evaluated the performance of our approach by simulations and exemplified it on real data from 15 SNPs of the APM1 gene. Misclassification due to reconstruction error was small for most, but notable for some, especially rarer haplotypes. Genotype error added misclassification to all haplotypes resulting in a non‐negligible drop in sensitivity. In our real data example, the bias of association estimates due to reconstruction error alone reached −48.2% for a 1% genotype error, indicating that haplotype misclassification should not be ignored if high genotype error can be expected. Our 3 × 3 misclassification view of haplotype error adds a novel perspective to currently used methods based on genotype intensities and expected number of haplotype copies. Our findings give a sense of the impact of haplotype error under realistic scenarios and underscore the importance of high‐quality genotyping, in which case the bias in haplotype association estimates is negligible.
THE GEOMETRICAL THEORY OF THE CAMERA AND ITS APPLICATION IN PHOTOGRAMMETRY
Authors: Thompson E. H. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe conventional treatment of lens theory in photogrammetric textbooks is based upon over‐simplified notions of how an objective functions. Modifications to take account of distortion inevitably lead to the introduction of an arbitrary parameter, the calibrated principal distance, which prevents the adoption of universal specifications for cameras and leads to confusion about the meaning of lens distortion. This paper sets out a treatment that confines itself to the geometrical characteristics of the picture and, with one minor exception (Appendix 3), avoids discussion of the mechanism of image formation. This enables a logical theory to be built up, independent of arbitrary parameters and the design of particular lenses, and, furthermore, allows constructional defects and errors of observation in calibration to be included naturally.The paper falls into two parts, camera calibration and the problem of internal orientation, the successful solution of which is the ultimate object of calibration. The paper ends with a general treatment of transformation printers.
A NOTE ON CORRELATION IN STEREOCOMPARATOR OBSERVATIONS
Authors: Arthur D. W. G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA reference in a recent publication points to strong positive error‐correlations for neighbouring points in stereocomparator measures. An examination of modern Ordnance Survey observations shows that the correlations now present are of a residual and erratic nature, and are therefore not such that they can be taken into account conveniently in any scheme of statistical control. Some non‐physical sources of correlation are noted in the data‐reduction processes.
ANALYTICAL AERIAL TRIANGULATION BLOCK ADJUSTMENT; THE DIRECT HEIGHT SOLUTION INCORPORATING TIE‐STRIPS
Authors: Smith A. D. N. , Miles M. J. , Verrall P. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe historical development of analytical aerial triangulation block adjustment is mentioned by way of introduction. The advantages of separating the plan and height adjustments are given and the observation equations of a typical adjustment section are analysed to show that this convenient practice is justified in normal circumstances. The principles of a direct solution of the normal equations suitable for a moderate‐sized computer, are explained and developed in detail for the height adjustment. The advantages of tie‐strips in the height adjustment are demonstrated and the difficulties which then arise are discussed. An approximate method which overcomes these difficulties is developed. Details of the computer programmes used are given in Appendix B.
ANALYTICAL TRIANGULATION USING A STEREO‐PLOTTER AND RÉSEAU PLATE‐HOLDERS
Authors: Boniface P. R. J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis paper discusses a method of analytical aerial triangulation which may be carried out on the majority of stereo‐plotters. A precise réseau engraved on each plate‐holder glass enables a plotter to be used as a réseau stereocomparator. Since the plotter is used merely to measure distances of 1 cm. or less, the projection errors are, to all intents and purposes, eliminated. Test area results indicate an accuracy similar to that obtained with a stereo‐comparator. There is no reason why similar results should not be achieved on relatively simple plotters such as the Kern PG2 or the Wild B8.
PERSPECTIVE CENTRE CO‐ORDINATES: A STUDY OF CALCULATION METHODS
Authors: Fereday D. L. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractVarious methods of calculating the perspective centre co‐ordinates prior to independent model aerial triangulation are described and test results are used in the adjustment of a strip of photography in order to study the effect on residual errors. Although brief, the experiment suggests that the simplest and quickest method, involving a few grid intersection readings at one Z level, should be sufficiently accurate for normal production mapping.
SOME EXPERIENCES OF AIR SURVEY IN ENGLAND BETWEEN THE TWO WORLD WARS
Authors: Eden J. A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe author was involved in the early stages of commercial air survey in England. He recounts some of his experiences of this formative period.RésuméL'auteur a participé récemment à des stages de formation au levé aérien commercial en Angleterre. Il livre son sentiment la dessus.ZusammenfassungDer Autor war zu Beginn der kommerziellen Luftbildmessung in England engagiert. Er rekapituliert einige seiner Erfahrungen aus dieser Pionierzeit.
WORKING WITH PROFESSOR E. H. THOMPSON
Authors: Ross H. F. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe author describes his experiences of working with Professor E. H. Thompson on the design and construction of the Thompson‐Watts plotter and he relates several anecdotes of incidents which took place at the Hilger and Watts factory.RésuméOù on décrit l'expérience d'années passées à travailler avec le professeur Thompson sur le projet du restituteur Thompson‐ Watts avec de nombreuses anecdotes sur la vie à l'usine Hilger and Watts.ZusammenfassungDer Autor schreibt über seine Erfahrungen, die er bei der Zusammenarbeit mit Professor E. H. Thompson beim Entwurf und der Konstruktion des Thompson–Watts‐Plotters sammelte. Er erwähnt dabei einige Anekdoten über Vorfälle, die sich bei der Firma Hilger und Watts ereigneten.
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING THE PHOTOGRAMMETRIC RECORD
Authors: Atkinson K. B. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract In 1976 the author succeeded the late Professor E. H. Thompson as editor of The Photogrammetric Record, having been assistant editor since 1965. Here he sets out, on the occasion of its 50th issue, some of the details which fashion the content and appearance of the Record.Résumé En 1976 l'auteur devient, après feu le professeur Thompson, rédacteur en chef du Photogrammetric Record; il était son adjoint depuis 1965. A l'occasion du 50eme numéro, il expose les conceptions qui président au contenu et à l'aspect de la revue.Zusammenfassung Im Jahre 1976 wurde der Autor Nachfolger von Professor E. H. Thompson als Redakteur der Zeitschrift Photogrammetric Record, nachdem er schon seit 1965 als stellvertretender Herausgeber tätig war. Anlässlich des Erscheinens des 50. Heftes beleuchtet er einige Einzelheiten, die Inhalt und Aufmachung des Record formen.
THE POTENTIAL OF 16 MM AND 35 MM TIME LAPSE PHOTOGRAPHY TAKEN FROM A HELICOPTER FOR TRAFFIC STUDIES AT COMPLEX INTERSECTIONS
Authors: Garner J. B. , Mountain L. J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMany attempts have been made to use various types of photography for traffic studies. The problems most frequently encountered are the expense involved in obtaining the photography and the time consuming and, hence, expensive operation of collecting the required data from the photography. This paper discusses the problems associated with various types of photography and describes a study which has been carried out to evaluate the potential of 16 mm and 35 mm time lapse photography taken from a helicopter. The accuracy of two dimensional co‐ordinate transformation systems for collecting the required data from the photography is also described. Finally, recommendations are made regarding the most suitable type of photography and the most convenient and accurate transformation system to use when it is required to analyse the traffic flow data at complex urban and suburban intersections.RésuméBeaucoup de tentatives ont déjàété faites pour étudier les problèmes de circulation par photographie: les difficultés sont le coût de la photographie, les délais d'obtention et le coût du dépouillement. On examine ici les possibilités offertes par divers types de photographies et on donne les résultats d'une étude entreprise pour évaluer l'intérêt de la solution; camera 16 mm ou 35 mm plus hélicoptère. On précise ici l'exactitude requise pour les transformations de coordonnées. On conclut par toute une série de recommandations.ZusammenfassungEs gibt sehr viele Versuche zur Verwendung verschiedener Arten der Photographie für Verkehrsstudien. Die am häufigsten auftretenden Probleme sind die Kosten und der Zeitaufwand der Photographie, wodurch die Datenerfassung aus Photos teuer wird. Im Artikel werden die Probleme beschrieben, die bei Anwendung verschiedener photographischer Aufnahmen auftraten. Ferner wird ein Versuch mit 16 mm und 35 mm Zeitrafferaufnahmen aus dem Hubschrauber erörtert. Beschreibung der Genauigkeit zweidimensionaler Koordinatentransformationen zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Daten aus Photos. Abschliessend werden Empfehlungen bezüglich der am besten geeigneten photographischen Methode und zur Transformation der Daten gegeben, wenn Verkehrsströme an komplexen Kreuzungen in Städten und Vororten analysiert werden sollen.
THE USE OF SHORT RANGE STEREOPHOTOGRAMMETRY IN THE STUDY OF THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE SHOEBILL BILL
Authors: Adams L. P. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis paper discusses the application of various short range stereophotogrammetric methods which can be used for the morphological study of skeletal remains, with particular reference to the shoebill bill. The writer recommends the use of X‐ray stereophotogrammetry as being the most appropriate method and which also has the advantage of being within the scope of the ornithologist.RésuméOn discute les possibilityés d'application de diverses techniques stéréo‐photogrammétriques à courte distance à l'étude morphologique des vestiges de squelettes. L'auteur recommande vivement le recours à la stéréophotogrammétrie par rayons X, qui a en particulier l'avantage de faire partie des moyens à la disposition de l'ornithologiste.ZusammenfassungBeschreibung der Anwendung verschiedener Verfahren der Nahphotogrammetrie, die für morphologische Studien von Skelett‐Überresten angewendet werden können. Der autor empfiehlt als günstigstes Verfahren die Anwendung der Röntgenstereophotogrammetrie, die den Vorteil hat, dass sie den Ornithologen vertraut ist.
COMPUTER AIDED ORIENTATIONS OF TERRESTRIAL MODELS ON THE ZEISS (JENA) TOPOCART B
Authors: Shortis M. R. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis paper describes a system for the interior, relative and absolute orientations of steroplotter models, using a minicomputer interfaced to the plotter as an aid to the operator. Both aerial and terrestrial models were included in the evaluation of the system but the emphasis is on close range work where significant improvements in efficiency and precision can be obtained.RésuméOn décrit un système d'aide à la restitution (orientation relative et orientation absolue) utilisant un mini‐ordinateur relié par une interface à l'appareil de restitution. II vaut tant pour les couples terrestres que les couples aériens; on a cependant accordé une attention spéciale au cas de la photogrammétrie à courte distance oú certaines dispositions permettent un gain significatif d'exactitude.ZusammenfassungIn dem Artikel wird ein System zur inneren, relativen und absoluten Orientierung von Stereomodellen unter Benutzung eines Minirechners beschrieben, der zur Unterstützung des Auswerters an das Stereokartiergerät angeschlossen ist. Obwohl bei der Analyse des Systems sowohl Luftbilder als auch terrestrische Bilder betrachtet werden, liegt das Schwergewicht auf der Nahphotogrammetrie, wo dadurch bedeutende Verbesserungen in bezug auf Leistungsfähigkeit und Genauigkeit erhalt en werden können.
UNDERWATER PHOTOGRAMMETRY IN THE NORTH SEA
Authors: Leatherdale J. D. , Turner D. J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractUnderwater photogrammetry is being used in the particularly hostile environment of the North Sea where it has been put into commercially viable operation. The authors discuss underwater photogrammetry related to other means of inspection of oil platforms. They also deal with operational experience of 35 mm and 70 mm cameras, camera calibration, the provision of control and photogrammetric observations and data analysis. The demand for underwater photogrammetry continues to grow.
EVALUATION OF SPACELAB PHOTOGRAPHY FOR SMALL SCALE MAPPING
Authors: Davison M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe paper presents an assessment of the results of a practical investigation into topographic interpretation from photography taken from the Spacelab Mission launched on 28th November, 1983. Hunting Surveys Ltd. had carried out mapping at 1:100 000 scale of part of Oman from photography taken in 1981 and stereoscopic cover of this area from Spacelab was available, so providing the opportunity of a comparison of the interpretation with the existing mapping.
PHOTOGRAMMETRY UNWINDS ARIADNE'S THREAD: RECORDING THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE OF CNOSSOS
Authors: Georgopoulos A. , Monahos N. , Stambouloglou E. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis paper describes briefly the survey and photogrammetric work carried out for the detailed recording of the Minoan Palace of Cnossos, a project undertaken by a group of three private survey firms (N. Perdikaris, Dimopoulos and Associates and Stambouloglou and Associates) for the Archaeological Service of the Hellenic Ministry of Culture and Science.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN INEXPENSIVE ANALYTICAL PLOTTER
Authors: Carson W. W. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe author continues the discussion of a Norwegian project to develop a stereoscopic instrument which will reduce the cost of analytical photogrammetry. Parts I and II of the project were presented at the 1984 Thompson Symposium; the objective at that stage was to build an image space plotter. This paper covers Part III of the project and the extended objective to develop an inexpensive analytical plotter which links with a modern microcomputer.
STATISTICAL CONCEPTS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND SURVEYING
Authors: Cooper M. A. R. , Cross P. A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis paper was prepared as supporting documentation for a tutorial given by the authors under Photogrammetric Society auspices. The authors do not make any claims of novelty or innovation but they feel that the information contained in the paper will provide useful study material, especially for practitioners of photogrammetry and surveying. The following topics are covered: functional and stochastic models; the least squares process; statistical testing; optimal design methods; and numerical examples in the design of a horizontal control network and of a close range photogrammetric survey.
THE USE OF OPTICAL TRIANGULATION FOR HIGH SPEED ACQUISITION OF CROSS SECTIONS OR PROFILES OF STRUCTURES
Authors: Clarke T. A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractOptical triangulation is used in the human visual system and surveying tacheometers to estimate distance. This method is now used in systems with solid state sensors which enable fast measurement of distance with sufficiently high accuracy for many applications. City University has built on past experience to develop the optical triangulation technique to gather data appertaining to cross sections or profiles of structures in the range 0.2 m to 20 m radius from the measurement axis. Results obtained using three prototypes are given.
IMAGE MOTION IN PANORAMIC PHOTOGRAPHS
Authors: Piteri S. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe effect of sweep positional distortion on the quality of images of panoramic photographs is evaluated for vertical, forward looking oblique and tilted panoramic photography. It is shown that an image motion compensation mechanism will not eliminate sweep positional distortion completely, and a residual displacement will exist, which is greater for image co‐ordinates parallel to the central axis of the panoramic cylinder of the vertical and forward looking oblique photography.
WOODLAND ECOLOGY IN RECENT AND HISTORIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS
Authors: Rackham O. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract Woodland ecology necessarily involves a time dimension. It is seldom possible to understand the ecology of a wood without knowing its history. Although the history of many woods extends back far beyond the invention of photography, aerial photographs come at a period when the written record of woodland is often poor. They are also of great help in mapping woods as they are today. Some historic details can be learnt from recent photographs, others from historic aerial photographs. Photographs taken in the Second World War, such as those of England taken by the Germans and preserved in the United States, record an important and otherwise ill‐documented period. This paper reviews the kinds of information that can be extracted from present and past aerial photographs and discusses the limitations of aerial survey and other forms of remote sensing as a means of measuring past and future changes. Résumé Ľécologie sylvestre comprend la dimension du temps. Onne pent guère s'entendre àľéecologie ďun bois sans connaître son histoire. Bien que ľ histoire ďun grand nombre de bois s'étende longuement avant la découverte de la photographie, la photographie aérienne commence à une époque où il y à souvent des lacunes à la documentation écrite des bois. Elle est très utile, aussi, pour la cartographie des bois comme ils existent aujourd'hui. Des particulariés historiques s'apprennent ďaprès des photographies récentes, des autres ďaprès des photographies aériennes historiques. Parmi les photos les plus utiles sont celles de la IIe guerre mondiale, comme celles de la France prises par la Royal Air Force et conservées àľUniversité de Keele. Cette communication passe en revue les informations qu'on peut extraire des photographies aériennes du présent et du passé, et discute les bornes des levés aériens et spatiaux comme moyen de contrôler les changements du passé et du futur. Zusammenfassung Die Waldökologie enthalt eine Zeitdimension. Selten ist es moglich, die Ökologie eines Waldes zu begreifen, ohne mit seiner Geschichte getraut zu sein. Obwohl die Geschichte mancher Wälder weit vor die Entdeckung der Photographie sich ausdehnt, die Luftphotographie kommt zu einer Zeit, wo schriftliche Urkunden der Wälder oft fehlen. Luftbilder sind auch sehr nutzvoll für die Kartographie von dem heutigen Zustandder Wälder. Einige historische Angaben werden von jungeren, andere von historischen Luftaufnahmen geschöpft. Unter den wertvollsten Luftbildern sind die von dem zweiten Weltkrieg, z. B. die britische Aufnahmen von Deutschland und Österreich, die jetzt in der Universität Keele aufbewahrt sind. Diese Abhandlung rezensiert die Auskünfte, die aus jüngere und historische Luftphotographie ausgeschöpft werden können, und diskutiert die Beschrankungen der Luft‐ und Weltraumvermessung als Zeugnis vergangener und zukünftiger Veranderungen.