bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Need for touch and information processing strategies: An empirical examination
Authors: Yazdanparast Atefeh , Spears Nancy 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTDrawing from literatures on haptic modality and information processing, direct measures of information processing strategy are developed and applied to investigate whether touch search is a form of analytical processing. Applying two distinct approaches in the two studies, evidence of the processing style of those high in need for touch, compared with those low in need for touch, is gathered and tested in an online context where touch is not available. Cumulatively, the findings indicate that high‐need‐for‐touch consumers follow an analytical, feature‐by‐feature processing strategy, whereas those low in need for touch rely more on a relational processing strategy. Theoretical and managerial implications are provided. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Methanol‐to‐Olefin Conversion Catalyzed by Low‐Silica AlPO‐34 with Traces of Brønsted Acid Sites: Combined Catalytic and Spectroscopic Investigations
Authors: Dai Weili , Wang Xin , Wu Guanjun , Li Landong , Guan Naijia , Hunger Michael 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe reasons for the high activity and long catalyst lifetime of AlPO‐34 with a very low molar silicon content [nSi/(nAl+nP+nSi)=0.01] in the methanol‐to‐olefin (MTO) conversion were studied by using in situ FTIR spectroscopy, in situ UV/Vis spectroscopy, and solid‐state NMR spectroscopy. The MTO activity of the low‐silica AlPO‐34 is explained by traces of accessible Brønsted acid sites existing in an isolated manner and characterized by a turnover frequency of 7.0 s−1 after a time‐on‐stream (TOS) of 1 h at 673 K. A contribution of Lewis acid sites to the MTO reaction over low‐silica AlPO‐34 could be excluded. The high selectivity of low‐silica AlPO‐34 to light olefins owes to a hydrocarbon pool consisting of benzene‐type carbenium ions, as well as dienes. The very few Brønsted acid sites on low‐silica AlPO‐34 produce a much lower total coke content compared with SAPO‐34, leading to an extended catalyst lifetime of the former material.
Pore Morphology Control of Mesostructured SO42−/ZrO2‐Based Hybrid Catalysts Functionalized by Alkyl‐Bridged Organosilica Moieties for Biodiesel Production From Non‐Edible Oil
Authors: Li Wei , Ma Fengyan , Su Fang , Ma Ling , Zhang Shengqu , Guo Yihang 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA series of mesostructured SO42−/ZrO2‐based hybrid materials functionalized with alkyl‐bridged organosilica species, forming SO42−/ZrO2‐SiO2(Ph/Et), were developed by using a single step co‐condensation technique with hydrothermal treatment in the presence of triblock copolymer surfactants. By tuning the molar ratios of the starting precursors, the types of surfactant and the preparation conditions, as‐prepared SO42−/ZrO2‐SiO2(Ph/Et) exhibited 2 D hexagonal p6mm, 3 D cubic Im3m and 3 D interconnected, worm‐hole‐like pore geometries. The mesostructure, morphology, porosity, and composition, as well as acid property of as‐prepared materials were characterized. As a novel, reusable, solid acid catalyst, the hybrid materials were applied for the biodiesel production from a non‐edible oil (Eruca sativa Gars. oil) under mild conditions; considerably high catalytic activity and stability were observed. Special attention was paid to the influences of the textural properties on the activity of SO42−/ZrO2‐SiO2(Ph/Et) materials to the target reaction.
Interfacial Synthesis and Functionality of Self‐Stabilized Polydiaminonaphthalene Nanoparticles
Authors: Li Xin‐Gui , Zhang Jia‐Li , Huang Mei‐Rong 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA simple and effective template‐free synthesis method for nanosized conducting polymers with self‐stability and functionality is a main challenge. Herein, a strategy is reported for the facile synthesis of poly(1,5‐diaminonaphthalene) nanospherical particles by an interfacial miniemulsion oxidative polymerization of 1,5‐diaminonaphthalene at mobile microinterfaces between a stirred biphase without external emulsifiers. The size of the nanospheres was carefully optimized by controlling the polymerization conditions. Formation and self‐stabilization mechanisms of the nanoparticles are proposed. The constantly movable and refreshed microinterface is a key to successful synthesis of the nanospheres, for significantly suppressing secondary growth leading to agglomerated particles because vigorous stirring makes as‐formed self‐stabilized nanospheres instantly leave the microinterfaces. The resulting nanospheres possess several advantages: clean surface, self‐stability, redispersibility, semiconductivity, electroactivity, and fluorescence emission. The fluorescence emission can be quenched by specific quenchers, thus enabling low‐cost, high‐performance chemosensors to be obtained for the sensitive detection of ZnII ions in a wide linear concentration range of more than five orders of magnitude with a superior detection limit down to 1 nM.
Establishing a Flow Process to Coumarin‐8‐Carbaldehydes as Important Synthetic Scaffolds
Authors: Zak Jaroslav , Ron David , Riva Elena , Harding Heather P. , Cross Benedict C. S. , Baxendale Ian R. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractDespite their usefulness as fluorophores and synthetic precursors, efficient and reliable routes to coumarin‐8‐carbaldehydes are lacking. We describe here a high‐yielding continuous flow synthesis that requires no manual intermediate purification or work‐up, giving access to multigram quantities of the aldehyde product.
Synthesis of Spin‐Crossover Nano‐ and Micro‐objects in Homogeneous Media
Authors: Gural'skiy Il'ya A. , Quintero Carlos M. , Molnár Gábor , Fritsky Igor O. , Salmon Lionel , Bousseksou Azzedine 
Published: July 2012

AbstractNew methods are proposed for the synthesis of spin‐crossover nano‐ and micro‐objects. Several nano‐objects that are based upon the spin‐crossover complex [Fe(hptrz)3](OTs)2 (hptrz=4‐heptyl‐1,2,4‐triazole, Ts=para‐toluenesulfonyl) were prepared in homogeneous media. The use of various reagents (Triton X‐100, PVP, TOPO, and PEGs of different molecular weights) as stabilizing agents yielded materials of different size (6 nm–2 μm) and morphology (nanorods, nanoplates, small spherical particles, and nano‐ and micro‐crystals). In particular, when Triton X‐100 was used, a variation in the morphology from nanorods to nanoplates was observed by changing the nature of the solvent. Interestingly, the preparation of the nanorods and nanoplates was always accompanied by the formation of small spherical particles. Alternatively, when PEG was used, 200–400 nm crystals of the complex were obtained. In addition, a very promising polymer‐free synthetic method is discussed that was based on the preparation of relatively stable FeII–triazole oligomers in CHCl3. Their specific treatment led to micro‐crystals, small nanoparticles, or gels. The size and morphology of all of these objects were characterized by TEM and by dynamic light scattering (DLS) where possible. Their spin‐crossover behavior was studied by optical and magnetic measurements. The spin‐transition features for large particles (>100 nm) were very similar to that of the bulk material, that is, close to room temperature with a hysteresis width of up to 8 K. The effects of the matrix and/or size‐reduction led to modification of the transition temperature and an abruptness of the spin transition for oligomeric solutions and small nanoparticles of 6 nm in size.
Very Efficient Generation of Quinone Methides through Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer to a Carbon Atom
Authors: Basarić Nikola , Došlić Nađa , Ivković Jakov , Wang Yu‐Hsuan , Mališ Momir , Wan Peter 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIrradiation of 2‐phenyl‐1‐naphthol (6) in CH3CN/D2O (3:1) leads to very efficient incorporation of deuterium at the ortho‐positions of the adjacent phenyl ring (overall Φ=0.73±0.07), along with minor incorporation at the naphthalene positions 5 and 8. These finding are explained by excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) from the phenolic OH group to the corresponding carbon atoms, the main pathway giving rise to quinone methide (QM) 7, which has been characterized by LFP (τ≈20 ns; 460 nm). The ESIPT reaction paths have been explored with the second order approximate coupled cluster (CC2) method. In nonprotic solvents the ESIPT from the naphthol O‐H to the ortho‐position of the phenyl ring proceeds in a barrierless manner along the 1La energy surface via a conical intersection with the S0 state, delivering 7. In aqueous solvent, clusters with H2O are formed wherein proton transfer (PT) to solvent and a H2O‐mediated relay mechanism gives rise to naphtholates and QMs. The results are compared with 2‐phenylphenol (3) that also undergoes barrierless ESIPT giving a QM via a conical intersection. However, due to an unfavorable conformation in the ground state, the quantum efficiency for ESIPT of 3 is significantly lower (Φ for D‐exchange=0.041). These results show that ESIPT from phenol to carbon need not be an intrinsically inefficient process.
Simultaneous Enantiomeric Determination of Propranolol, Metoprolol, Pindolol, and Atenolol in Natural Waters by HPLC on New Polysaccharide‐Based Stationary Phase using a Highly Selective Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Extraction
Authors: Morante‐Zarcero Sonia , Sierra Isabel 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTA simple high performance liquid chromatography method HPLC‐UV for simultaneous enantiomeric determination of propranolol, metoprolol, pindolol, and atenolol in natural water samples was developed and validated, using a molecularly imprinted polymer solid‐phase extraction. To achieve this purpose, Lux® Cellulose‐1/Sepapak‐1 (cellulose tris‐(3,5‐dymethylphenylcarbamate)) (Phenomenex, Madrid, Spain) chiral stationary phase was used in gradient elution and normal phase mode at ambient temperature. The gradient elution program optimized consisted of a progressive change of the mobile phase polarity from n‐hex/EtOH/DEA 90/10/0.5 (v/v/v) to 60/40/0.5 (v/v/v) in 13 min, delivered at a flow rate of 1.3 ml/min and a sudden change of flow rate to 2.3 ml/min in 1 min. Critical steps in any molecularly imprinted polymer extraction protocol such as the flow rate to load the water sample in the cartridges and the breakthrough volume were optimized to obtain the higher extraction recoveries for all compounds. In optimal conditions (100 ml breakthrough volume loaded at 2.0 ml/min), extraction recoveries for the four pairs of β‐blockers were near 100%. The MIP‐SPE‐HPLC‐UV method developed demonstrates good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.99), precision, selectivity, and sensitivity. Method limit detection was 3.0 µg/l for propranolol and pindolol enantiomers and 20.0 and 22.0 µg/l for metoprolol and atenolol enantiomers, respectively. The proposed methodology should be suitable for routine control of these emerging pollutants in natural waters for a better understanding of the environmental impact and fate. Chirality 24:860–866, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evaluation of mesh morphing and mapping techniques in patient specific modeling of the human pelvis
Authors: Salo Zoryana , Beek Maarten , Whyne Cari Marisa 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYRobust generation of pelvic finite element models is necessary to understand the variation in mechanical behaviour resulting from differences in gender, aging, disease and injury. The objective of this study was to apply and evaluate mesh morphing and mapping techniques to facilitate the creation and structural analysis of specimen‐specific finite element (FE) models of the pelvis. A specimen‐specific pelvic FE model (source mesh) was generated following a traditional user‐intensive meshing scheme. The source mesh was morphed onto a computed tomography scan generated target surface of a second pelvis using a landmarked‐based approach, in which exterior source nodes were shifted to target surface vertices, while constrained along a normal. A second copy of the morphed model was further refined through mesh mapping, in which surface nodes of the initial morphed model were selected in patches and remapped onto the surfaces of the target model. Computed tomography intensity based material properties were assigned to each model. The source, target, morphed and mapped models were analyzed under axial compression using linear static FE analysis and their strain distributions evaluated. Morphing and mapping techniques were effectively applied to generate good quality geometrically complex specimen‐specific pelvic FE models. Mapping significantly improved strain concurrence with the target pelvis FE model. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interfacial Electron Transfer from CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots to TiO2 Nanoparticles: Size Dependence at the Single‐Molecule Level
Authors: Chang Chun‐Li , Tsai Po‐Yu , Chang Yu‐pin , Lin King‐Chuen 
Published: July 2012

AbstractElectron transfer (ET) kinetics of CdSe/ZnS core/shell quantum dots (QDs) on bare coverslips and a TiO2 nanoparticle‐coated thin film has been investigated at the single‐molecule level. The QDs prepared have three different diameters of 3.6, 4.6, and 6.4 nm. The trajectories of fluorescence intensity are acquired with respect to the arrival time. The on‐time events and subsequent fluorescence lifetimes are shorter with decreasing size. Given the lifetime measurements for QDs on glass and TiO2, the rate constant of ET from QDs to TiO2 may be determined to be 1.3×107, 6.0×106, and 4.7×106 s−1 for the increasing sizes of the QDs. The plot of on‐time probability density versus arrival time is characterized by power‐law statistics in the short time region and a bending tail in the long time region. Marcus’s ET model is employed to satisfactorily fit the bending tail behavior and to further calculate the ET rate constants. The theoretical counterparts for the different sizes are 1.4×107, 6.4×106, and 1.9×106 s−1, showing good agreement with the experimental results.
Visible‐Light‐Induced Sulfoxidation of Alkanes in the Presence of Titania
Authors: Parrino Francesco , Ramakrishnan Ayyappan , Damm Cornelia , Kisch Horst 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe first catalytic photosulfoxidation of alkanes is accomplished in the presence of titanium dioxide and visible light (λ≥400 nm) under an atmosphere of SO2/O2. For n‐heptane and cyclohexane the reaction is performed in the neat liquid, for adamantane in glacial acetic acid. Charge‐transfer (CT) complexation of sulfur dioxide by the titania surface generates a CT band at 400–420 nm responsible for the visible‐light activity of otherwise only UV light absorbing titania. The primary charges generated upon optical electron transfer produce alkyl radicals by dissociative electron transfer from the alkane and by hydrogen abstraction by OH radicals produced from oxygen reduction. Once formed, the alkyl radicals initiate a radical chain reaction as known from the classical UV‐induced sulfoxidation in the absence of a catalyst. The reaction exhibits features characteristic for product inhibition by strong adsorption. Accordingly, the initial photocatalytic activity is fully restored after washing the catalyst with methanol. Time‐resolved photovoltage measurements indicate that photocatalyst deactivation is connected with a change from n‐type to p‐type titanium dioxide. Small amounts of water and radical scavengers inhibit product formation. The reaction proceeds with high chemoselectivity because only traces of expected by‐products like sulfates, ketones, and alcohols are formed. Thus, in addition to its basic role in visible‐light‐induced charge generation, the surface of titania enables also a chemoselective CS bond formation.
Surveying Employee Attitudes on Corporate Social Responsibility at the Frontline Level of an Energy Transportation Company
Authors: Michailides Theophilos P. , Lipsett Michael G. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAs large companies embrace and integrate the principles of corporate social responsibility (CSR) into their business practices, company personnel are expected to show actions that are connected to communicated corporate values and related policies. To enhance the likelihood that employees at the frontline level will accept these principles and become engaged with these values, it is in the firm's best interests to quantify and understand employee attitudes toward the social responsibility construct itself.The present work considers whether the variables of work climate perception, education level, and age directly influence one's social responsibility perspective at work, extending the Marz model to understand what may impact frontline CSR attitudes. A case study is presented, based on a survey of frontline personnel employed by a North American energy transportation company. This investigation uses an updated survey tool and method for polling a sample population. Survey development is described, analysis methods are explained, and results are presented with statistical measures to verify hypotheses related to employee engagement in CSR. Some potential implications of the results for corporate strategy are discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Product Evaluation: The Moderating Role of Brand Familiarity
Authors: Perera Liyanage Chamila Roshani , Chaminda Jayawickrama Withanage Dushan 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and product evaluation and the role of brand familiarity in moderating the relationship between CSR and product evaluation. Using different levels of brand familiarity (high versus low) and CSR initiatives (high versus low), a between‐subjects experiment was carried out. The study finds that CSR has a positive impact on product evaluation and this positive impact is greater for products with high brand familiarity than products with low brand familiarity. The level of brand familiarity moderates the relationship between CSR and product evaluation. The study also reveals that the higher the CSR commitment and the brand familiarity, the more positive the product evaluation. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Exploiting intercontact time for routing in delay tolerant networks
Authors: Luo Guangchun , Zhang Junbao , Huang Haojun , Qin Ke , Sun Haifeng 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTBecause of the dynamic nature of delay tolerant networks (DTNs), many replication‐based routing schemes were proposed to increase the probability of delivery by making multiple copies of each message. In such schemes, one concern is how many replicas of a message should be distributed in the network. In this paper, we propose a routing scheme for DTNs, called adaptive spraying based on the intercontact time (ASBIT). The scheme is based on the idea of that each node dynamically chooses the right number of message copies disseminated to respond to the current conditions of the network. When forwarding, ASBIT selects the node with a higher centrality as the next hop, and utilises the multi‐attribute decision making theory for the division of the replication number between two nodes. Simulation results show that ASBIT achieves comparable delivery ratio and delivery delay while maintaining lower overhead compared with some well‐known routing schemes in sparse scenarios. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sparse channel estimation for wavelet‐based underwater acoustic communications
Authors: Qi Chenhao , Wu Lenan 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTIn this paper, concerning underwater acoustic (UWA) communications, we propose a wavelet filter bank system as the extension of orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing system. We exploit the convolutional structure of a UWA channel and formulate the pilot‐assisted channel estimation as a sparse recovery problem. Then, we investigate the restricted isometry property of the measurement matrix via eigenvalue analysis and Gershgorin circle theorem. The sparse recovery problem is proven to satisfy the restricted isometry property. Moreover, we also propose a low‐complexity complex‐field homotopy algorithm for sparse channel estimation, regarding the fact that the channel taps of each path are usually complex valued in practice. Simulation results show that the wavelet filter bank system achieves more accurate UWA channel estimation performance than orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing system under the same conditions of bandwidth, duration, data rate and channel profile. The proposed complex homotopy algorithm outperforms orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) and stagewise OMP in both systems, whereas its computational complexity is similar to OMP. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fire resistance of walls made of soil‐cement and Kraftterra compressed earth blocks
Authors: Buson Márcio , Lopes Nuno , Varum Humberto , Sposto Rosa Maria , Real Paulo Vila 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYThis study presents the results of fire resistance tests on walls made of soil‐cement and Kraftterra compressed earth blocks (CEBs). The purpose of this work was to evaluate and compare the fire resistance of CEB walls with and without cellulose pulp derived from the recycling of cement sacks. This article describes the Kraftterra mixture and its production processes as well as the fire resistance test campaign. The fire resistance performance of CEB walls produced with Kraftterra and soil‐cement blocks is analysed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Asymmetric Autocatalysis Triggered by Chiral Crystals Formed from Achiral Compounds and Chiral Isotopomers
Authors: Kawasaki Tsuneomi , Soai Kenso 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAsymmetric autocatalysis with amplification of enantiomeric excess is found in the enantioselective addition of diisopropylzinc to pyrimidine‐5‐carbaldehyde using pyrimidyl alkanol as an asymmetric autocatalyst. Asymmetric autocatalysis has been employed as a method for clarifying the origin of homochirality. Circularly polarized light, inorganic chiral crystals and statistical fluctuation of enantiomeric imbalance act as chiral initiators in asymmetric autocatalysis to afford highly enantioenriched products. We have investigated asymmetric autocatalysis using chiral crystals formed from achiral and racemic compounds as an origin of chirality. Absolute control of the crystal chirality of cytosine was achieved by the removal of crystal water. Enantioselective carbon‐carbon bond formation at the enantiotopic crystal face of aldehydes was established using diisopropylzinc vapor. In addition, asymmetric autocatalysis triggered by chiral compounds arising from H, C and O isotope substitution has been achieved.
Metal‐Organic Frameworks as Single‐Site Solid Catalysts for Asymmetric Reactions
Authors: Falkowski Joseph M. , Liu Sophie , Lin Wenbin 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThis review documents the evolution of chiral MOF catalysts from simple Lewis acid and Lewis base catalysts that afford limited selectivity to more recent advancements that exhibit high stereo‐ and regioselectivities. MOF‐based catalysts provide unprecedented opportunities for interrogating structure‐activity relationships at high structural precision and for controlling catalytic activity by using external stimuli. The most notable disadvantage of MOF‐based catalysts has been the inherent instability of the materials. This hurdle, which effectively limits the reaction scope of MOF catalysts, is slowly being overcome by the advent of new binding moieties and secondary building units.