bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Older Parents and their Middle-Aged Children: Symmetry or Asymmetry in their Relationship
Authors: Knipscheer Kees , Bevers Anton 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThis study focussed on aspects of the relationship between older parents and their middle aged children. Interviews with 74 parents and with one of their children informed us about topics and perceptions relevant in this intergenerational relationship. Data were analysed in terms of agreements and disagreements between parent and child, and of perceived agreements and disagreements. Four items were selected for closer analysis as they exhibited both a high amount of disagreement and a low amount of perceived disagreement. These findings are discussed in terms of the developmental stake theory, a metaorientation and assymmetry in the parent-child relationship.
Family Disengagement–Myth or Reality: A Follow-up Study After Geriatric Assessment
Authors: Stolar G. Elaine , Hill Mary A. , Tomblin Alanna 
Published: November 2010

AbstractTo determine family involvement after geriatric assessment, two groups of patients were followed: a sample of 1981 patients and their caregivers were interviewed in 1981 and 1984: and, a sample of 1983 patients and their caregivers were interviewed in 1984. The findings indicate that nuclear family members retain on-going relationships with their elderly. Kin networks shrink for those elderly without nuclear kin when their mental functioning decreases. Needs and resources change over time.
Norman K. Denzin and Yvonna S. Lincoln. Handbook of Qualitative Research. Newbury Park: Sage, 1994, pp. 643.
Authors: Finlayson Marcia 
Published: November 2010

RésuméCe manuel de recherche qualitative contient la contribution de 48 auteurs reconnus et réputés dans ce domaine. Bien que la formation et les intérêts de recherche soient variés entre ces auteurs, les perpectives sociologiques et éducatives ainsi que les exemples dominent l'ouvrage. Le livre compte six sections et 36 chapitres qui transportent le lecteur des paradigmes et perspectives d'ordre majeur jusqu'aux approches, aux méthodes et aux analyses en recherche qualitative. D'un bout à l'autre du texte, les auteurs abordent ouvertement les controverses du domaine et invitent le lecteur à réfléchir sur ses propres pratiques et hypothèses de recherche. En raison du contenu très théorique du livre et de ses exemples peu nombreux de recherche qualitative sur le vieillissement (moins de dix), le manuel ne constitue pas nécessairement le meilleur choix pour les gérontologues à la recherche d'un livre expliquant la façon de mener une recherche qualitative. Par contre, cet ouvrage représente une excellente référence pour les personnes désirant obtenir un texte exhaustif, engageant, poussant à la réflexion et traitant de questions épistémologiques, ontologiques et historiques, qui sont des éléments fondamentaux de la recherche qualitative.
Specialized Continuing Care Models For Persons with Dementia: A Systematic Review of the Research Literature
Authors: Roberts Jacqueline , Browne Gina , Gafni Amiram , Varieur Michael , Loney Patricia , de Ruijter Maureen 
Published: November 2010

RésuméCette vue d'ensemble méthodique résume la littérature publicée reflétant l'efficacité des services ou modèles de soins pour les personnes souffrant de démence vivant à la maison ou dans des centres, de soins hospitaliers spécialisés ou dans des maisons de groupe de soutien. Une recherche détaillée de la littérature nous a permis de découvrir des études évaluant les soins de répit, les programmes de jour, la thérapie, la vie en groupe et les unités de soins spéciaux dans les institutions et il y a évidence de l'efficacité de ces programmes. Aucune étude rigoureuse scientifiquement, spécifique aux personnes souffrant de démence, n'a été repérée sur l'efficacité des soins en hospice, de la gestion de cas ou des programmes en milieu externe de psychogériatrique en santé mentale. Tout d'abord, il faut davantage de recherche examinant l'efficacité des différents programmes pour personnes spécifiques et les personnes s'occupant d'elles, avec de différentes caractéristiques et les mesures des dépenses familiales ainsi que les coûts des programmes.
Aging and Health Care: A Social Perspective. Neena L. Chappell, Laurel A. Strain, and Audrey A. Blandford. Toronto: Holt, Rinehart and Winston of Canada, 1986. 215 pages, $15.95
Authors: Pringle Dorothy 
Published: November 2010

SUMMARYThe first half of this book reviews what aging is like for most people including their health status and the help they receive from family and friends. The second half focuses on the formal health care system and the adequacy of it. The book is well-written and has a number of strengths, the outstanding one being the numerous references to Canadian research. The book also has weaknesses. It compares and contrasts the health care systems of Canada, the United States and the United Kingdom, but does this so briefly that the significant differences within each of these systems are lost. The book criticizes the Canadian health care system for being “over medicalized” to the detriment of the care of older people. This point is emphasized to the extent that it comes across as strong anti-physician bias. The authors emphasize the need for a range of community services to offset the need or both acute and long-term institutional care. They provide helpful descriptions of many such services, for example, adult day care and respite care, but fail to deal with the problem of lack of articulation among the various levels of care. For individuals new to the field of aging, the book provides an excellent introduction to key concepts and research findings. For the more experienced practitioners and academics, it provides useful references and discussion of recent studies.
Associations between intracranial haemorrhage and prescribed prophylaxis in a large cohort of haemophilia patients in the United States
Authors: Witmer Char , Presley Rodney , Kulkarni Roshni , Michael Soucie J. , Manno Catherine S. , Raffini Leslie 
Published: November 2010

SummaryIntracranial haemorrhage (ICH) is the most serious type of bleeding for patients with haemophilia. Prior published reports regarding ICH predate the widespread provision of prophylaxis. Our study objectives were to determine risk factors for ICH and whether prophylaxis reduces ICH occurrence. We performed a nested case‐control study of persons with haemophilia, ≥2 years of age enrolled in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Universal Data Collection project. Of 10 262 patients 199 (1·9%) experienced an ICH for an incidence rate of 390/105 patient years. Head trauma was reported in 44% (88/199). ICH mortality was 19·6% (39/199). Significant risk factors for ICH included a high titre inhibitor [odds ratio (OR) = 4·01, 95% confidence interval (2·40–6·71)], prior ICH [OR = 3·62 (2·66–4·92)] and severe haemophilia [OR = 3·25 (2·01–5·25)]. Prophylaxis was associated with a significant risk reduction for ICH occurrence in patients with severe haemophilia who were negative for human immunodeficiency virus or an inhibitor, with an OR of 0·52 (0·34–0·81) and 0·50 (0·32–0·77) respectively. The most significant risk factors for ICH included the presence of an inhibitor, prior ICH, severity of haemophilia and reported head trauma. This is the first study to demonstrate that prescribed prophylaxis conferred a protective effect against ICH in patients with uncomplicated severe disease.
PR‐924, a selective inhibitor of the immunoproteasome subunit LMP‐7, blocks multiple myeloma cell growth both in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Singh Ajita V. , Bandi Madhavi , Aujay Monette A. , Kirk Christopher J. , Hark David E. , Raje Noopur , Chauhan Dharminder , Anderson Kenneth C. 
Published: November 2010

SummaryPR‐924 is an LMP‐7‐selective tripeptide epoxyketone proteasome inhibitor that covalently modifies proteasomal N‐terminal threonine active sites. In the present study, we show that PR‐924 inhibits growth and triggers apoptosis in multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines and primary patient MM cells, without significantly affecting normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. PR‐924‐induced apoptosis in MM cells is associated with activation of caspase‐3, caspase‐8, caspase‐9, BID, PARP and cytochrome–c release. In vivo administration of PR‐924 inhibits tumour growth in human plasmacytoma xenografts. Results from SCID‐hu model show a significant reduction in the shIL‐6R levels in mice treated with PR‐924 versus vehicle‐control. PR‐924 treatment was well tolerated as evidenced by the lack of weight loss. Importantly, treatment of tumour‐bearing mice with PR‐924, but not vehicle alone, prolonged survival. Our preclinical findings therefore validate immunoproteasome LMP‐7 subunit as a novel therapeutic target in MM.
Effects of anti‐adhesive therapy on kidney biomarkers of ischemia reperfusion injury in human deceased donor kidney allografts1,2
Authors: Cheadle Chris , Watkins Tonya , Ehrlich Eva , Barnes Kathleen , Osama Gaber A. , Hemmerich Stefan , Rabb Hamid 
Published: November 2010

Cheadle C, Watkins T, Ehrlich E, Barnes K, Gaber AO, Hemmerich S, Rabb H. Effects of anti‐adhesive therapy on kidney biomarkers of ischemia reperfusion injury in human deceased donor kidney allografts. Clin Transplant 2011: 25: 766–775. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Introduction:  Molecular biomarkers validated previously in animal models are increasingly being studied in conjunction with traditional clinical endpoints in therapeutic trials.Patient and Methods:  We hypothesized that human kidneys would exhibit a brisk, gene‐specific inflammatory response during ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI), which would be modified by anti‐adhesive therapy. Forty deceased‐donor kidneys were biopsied prior to implantation and ∼1 h after reperfusion during an intervention trial with the selectin antagonist YSPSL (recombinant P‐selectin glycoprotein ligand Ig). Ten inflammatory genes were measured by RT‐PCR and normalized to three housekeeping genes.Results:  Pre‐implantation kidney biopsies were already significantly inflamed relative to healthy tissue, with transcripts encoding IL‐6, IL‐8, and CD25 > 10‐fold elevated. After reperfusion, IL‐6 and IL‐8 increased additional 60‐ and 120‐fold (p < 0.05), while already elevated CD25‐levels remained stable. Furthermore, transcripts encoding MCP‐1, E‐selectin, and TNFα were also induced significantly upon reperfusion (p < 0.0005). Systemic treatment of the recipient with YSPSL pre‐reperfusion, with or without pre‐implantation YSPSL flush of the donor organ, attenuated the post‐reperfusion increase in MCP‐1 and TGFβ (p < 0.05), E‐selectin and hemoxygenase 1 transcripts (p < 0.1).Conclusions:  Our data in humans demonstrate a robust increase in inflammatory gene transcript levels during kidney transplantation IRI and reduction thereof by inhibition of leukocyte adhesion.
Does body size of dairy cows, at constant ratio of maintenance to production requirements, affect productivity in a pasture‐based production system?
Authors: Hofstetter P. , Steiger Burgos M. , Petermann R. , Münger A. , Blum J. W. , Thomet P. , Menzi H. , Kohler S. , Kunz P. 
Published: November 2010

SummaryThis study compared productivity of dairy cows with different body weight (BW), but a constant ratio of maintenance to production requirements in their first lactation, in a pasture‐based production system with spring calving. Two herds, Herd L (13 and 14 large cows in 2003 and 2004 respectively; average BW after calving, 721 kg) and Herd S (16 small cows in both years; 606 kg) [Correction added after online publication 14 January 2011: 16 small cows in both years; 621 kg was changed to 16 small cows in both years; 606 kg], all in their second or following lactations, were each allocated 6 ha of pasture and rotationally grazed on 10 parallel paddocks with equal herbage offer and nutritional values. Winter hay, harvested from the same pastures, was offered ad libitum in the indoor periods in a tied stall barn. Each herd received, per lactation and year, approximately 2000 kg dry matter (DM) of concentrates and of fodder beets, equally distributed to every individual. Indoors, the L‐cows ingested more DM than the S‐cows (18.7 vs. 16.3 kg DM/cow per day; p < 0.01), but DM intake per 100 kg of metabolic BW was similar (13.0 vs. 13.1 kg DM/cow per day). Estimates based on the n‐alkane technique gave similar results on pasture (17.9 vs. 15.5 kg DM/cow per day; p < 0.001). Roughage intakes per 100 kg of metabolic BW, at 13.5 kg DM/cow per day, were similar. Mean annual yield of energy‐corrected milk (ECM)/ha was slightly higher for the S‐herd than the L‐herd (13 026 vs. 12 284 kg) but was associated with a higher stocking rate (on average +20%) for the S‐herd. Feed conversion efficiency (1.2 vs. 1.3 kg ECM/kg DM intake) and overall milk production efficiency (45.3 vs. 47.3 kg ECM/kg metabolic BW) were similar in L‐ and S‐cows. Thus, both dairy cow types were equally efficient in utilising pasture‐based forage.
Role of oxidative stress markers and antioxidants in the placenta of preeclamptic patients
Authors: Rani Neerja , Dhingra Renu , Arya Dharamveer Singh , Kalaivani Mani , Bhatla Neerja , Kumar Rani 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAim:  The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the placental variables of oxidative stress markers in preeclamptic women.Methods:  A total of 60 placentas were collected. Of these, 30 were obtained from normotensive pregnancies, and 30 from pregnancies with preeclampsia as per International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy (ISSHP) criteria. Each placental tissue was analyzed for levels of pro‐oxidant (malondialdehyde) and antioxidants (glutathione and superoxide dismutase) using the standard enzymatic assays.Results:  Malondialdehyde levels were significantly higher (12.21 ± 4.1 versus 4.7 ± 2.1 nmol/g tissue, P < 0.0001) and glutathione (GSH) levels were significantly lower (0.46 ± 0.37 versus 1.03 ± 0.43 µmol/g tissue, P < 0.0001) in the placentas of preeclamptic women when compared to those of normal pregnancies. Though not statistically significant, decreases in superoxide dismutase levels were observed in placentas of preeclamptic women (4.14 ± 2.25 versus 5.22 ± 2.0 units/mg tissue protein, P < 0.055). Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis of malondialdehyde revealed a sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 87%, at a cutoff value 6.5 nmol/g. Similarly, GSH had a sensitivity of 77% and a specificity of 77% at a cutoff value 0.62 µmol/g.Conclusion:  The present study demonstrated that increased placental lipid peroxidation and decreased levels of antioxidants may play an important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. These findings are suggestive of involvement of oxidative stress markers in preeclamptic patients.
Genomic variants of human papillomavirus genotypes 16, 18, and 33 in women with cervical cancer in Slovenia
Authors: Vrtačnik Bokal Eda , Kocjan Boštjan J. , Poljak Mario , Bogovac Željka , Jančar Nina 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAim:  Our aim was to analyze genomic variants of the three most common human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes found in Slovenian women with cervical cancer (CC).Material & Methods:  A total of 40 isolates of HPV 16, 20 isolates of HPV 18 and 11 isolates of HPV 33 were included in the study. The genomic diversity of HPV 16, HPV 18 and HPV 33 isolates was investigated within the long control region (LCR), and E6 and E7 genomic regions using direct polymerase chain reaction‐sequencing.Results:  A total of 26 genomic variants of HPV 16, consisting of 22 LCR, 10 E6 and 5 E7 variants were identified. Thirty‐eight (95%) HPV 16 isolates belonged to the European branch, one (2.5%) to the African 2 branch and one (2.5%) to the Asian‐American branch. A total of 18 genomic variants of HPV 18 consisting of 18 LCR, two E6 and four E7 variants were identified: 19 (95%) HPV 18 isolates belonged to the European branch and one (5%) to the African branch. A total of seven genomic variants of HPV 33 consisting of seven LCR, two E6 and three E7 variants were identified: five (45.5%) HPV 33 isolates belonged to prototypic and six (54.5%) to non‐prototypic HPV 33 genomic variants.Conclusions:  The majority of HPV 16 and HPV 18 isolates from Slovenian patients with CC analyzed in this study belonged to European branches. Prototypic and non‐prototypic HPV 33 genomic variants were equally distributed among Slovenian patients with CC. Several novel mutations were identified in all three genotypes examined.
Premenstrual and menstrual symptomatology in young adult Japanese females who smoke tobacco
Authors: Sakai Hiroko , Kawamura Chieko , Cardenas Xiaodong , Ohashi Kazutomo 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAim:  The present study examines the correlation between premenstrual and menstrual symptomatology and smoking status in young adult Japanese females.Material and Methods:  A cross‐sectional study was conducted to assess premenstrual and menstrual symptomatology using the Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ). Findings were compared between smokers and nonsmokers. The correlation between symptomatology and smoking status assessed by the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependency (FTND) and the Reasons for Smoking Scale (RSS), which identifies smoker's motives, was determined.Results:  Data were obtained from 785 participants, including 71 smokers, 29 quitters and 685 nonsmokers. All smokers consumed 20 or fewer cigarettes per day with the exception of one heavy smoker. Smoking status affected the cycle of menstruation, but did not affect the duration. Smokers demonstrated more severe symptomatology than nonsmokers during the menstrual and premenstrual phases. Among smokers, premenstrual symptomatology was significantly more severe than menstrual symptomatology. Five premenstrual symptom groups (pain, concentration, water retention, behavior change and negative affect) were significantly higher in smokers than in nonsmokers. Overall MDQ scores and those of three subcategories (concentration, behavior change, and negative affect) during the premenstrual phase were significantly correlated with nicotine dependency and smoking motives. Smoking motives were also correlated with the severity of autonomic reaction.Conclusion:  Our findings suggest that young adult Japanese females with a light smoking habit have severe premenstrual symptomatology, which was correlated with nicotine dependency and smoking motives.
Different protein profile in amniotic fluid with nervous system malformations by surface‐enhanced laser desorption‐ionization/time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (SELDI‐TOF‐MS) technology
Authors: Ma Zhe , Liu Cun , Deng Biping , Dong Shaogang , Tao Guowei , Zhan Xinfeng , Wang Chuner , Liu ShaoPing , Qu Xun 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAim:  To detect the distinct proteins in amniotic fluid (AF) between nervous system malformations fetuses and normal fetuses.Material and Methods:  Surface‐enhanced laser desorption‐ionization/time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry was used to characterize AF peptides in AF between nervous system malformations fetuses and normal fetuses. WCX2 protein chips were used to characterize AF peptides in AF. Protein chips were examined in a PBSIIC protein reader, the protein profiling was collected by ProteinChip software version 3.1 (Ciphergen Biosystems, Fremont, CA, USA) and analyzed by Biomarker Wizard software (Ciphergen Biosystems). Nine distinct proteins were identified in AF between nervous system malformations fetuses and normal fetuses.Results:  Compared with the control group, three proteins with m/z 4967.5 Da, 5258.0 Da, and 11 717.0 Da were down‐regulated, and six proteins with m/z 2540.4 Da, 3107.1 Da, 3396.8 Da, 4590.965 Da, 5589.2 Da and 6429.4 Da up‐regulated in nervous system malformations fetuses.Conclusion:  The results suggest that there are distinct proteins in protein profiling of AF between nervous system malformations fetuses and normal fetuses.
Impact of propofol on electrocardiographic alterations during intravascular application of bupivacaine – a study in piglets
Authors: Mauch Jacqueline Y. , Kutter Annette P. N. , Martin Jurado Olga , Madjdpour Caveh , Spielmann Nelly , Frotzler Angela , Bettschart‐Wolfensberger Regula , Weiss Markus 
Published: November 2010

SummaryBackground:  Intravascular application of a small dose of local anesthetics (LA) with epinephrine as well as larger doses of LA under sevoflurane anesthesia results in increase in T‐wave amplitude in the electrocardiogram (ECG). The aim of this study was to elucidate whether propofol anesthesia affects these ECG alterations or not.Methods:  Thirty neonatal pigs were randomized into two groups. Group 1 was anesthetized with sevoflurane, group 2 with sevoflurane plus continuous propofol infusion (10 mg·kg−1·h−1). A test dose of 0.2 ml·kg−1 bupivacaine 0.125% + epinephrine 1 : 200 000 was injected intravenously. Arterial pressure was monitored. ECG was analyzed for changes in T‐wave amplitude (positive if ≥25% baseline) and heart rate. In another setting, bupivacaine 0.125% was intravenous infused at a rate of 4 mg·kg−1·min−1. ECG was analyzed for alteration in T‐wave amplitude and heart rate at 1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg·kg−1 bupivacaine infused.Results:  T‐wave elevation after the administration of an epinephrine containing LA test dose was similar between the two groups. Increase in heart rate caused by the test dose were significantly higher in group 2 (P = 0.008). During continuous bupivacaine administration, T‐wave elevation occurred in 40% and 71% (group 1 and 2) at 1.25 mg·kg−1, in 80% and 100% at 2.5 mg·kg−1, and in 93% and 86% at 5 mg·kg−1 bupivacaine infused.Conclusion:  Continuous propofol infusion does not suppress the ECG signs of a systemically administered epinephrine containing LA test dose nor does it suppress the ECG signs caused by high doses of intravenous applied bupivacaine.
Intersphincteric resection for low rectal cancer: laparoscopic vs open surgery approach
Authors: Laurent C. , Paumet T. , Leblanc F. , Denost Q. , Rullier E. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAim  Laparoscopic sphincter‐saving surgery has been investigated for rectal cancer but not for tumours of the lower third. We evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of laparoscopic intersphincteric resection for low rectal cancer.Method  From 1990 to 2007, patients with rectal tumour below 6 cm from the anal verge and treated by open or laparoscopic curative intersphincteric resection were included in a retrospective comparative study. Surgery included total mesorectal excision with internal sphincter excision and protected low coloanal anastomosis. Neoadjuvant treatment was given to patients with T3 or N+ tumours. Recurrence and survival were evaluated by the Kaplan–Meier method and compared using the Logrank test. Function was assessed using the Wexner continence score.Results  Intersphincteric resection was performed in 175 patients with low rectal cancer: 110 had laparoscopy and 65 had open surgery. The two groups were similar according to age, sex, body mass index, ASA score, tumour stage and preoperative radiotherapy. Postoperative mortality (zero) and morbidity (23%vs 28%; P = 0.410) were similar in both groups. There was no difference in 5‐year local recurrence (5%vs 2%; P = 0.349) and 5‐year disease‐free survival (70%vs 71%; P = 0.862). Function and continence scores (11 vs 12; P = 0.675) were similar in both groups.Conclusion  Intersphincteric resection did not alter long‐term tumour control of low rectal cancer. The safety and efficacy of the laparoscopic approach for intersphincteric resection are suggested by a similar short‐ and long‐term outcome as obtained by open surgery.