bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methods for developing models and decision making in a fuzzy environment for effective control of the coking process
Authors: Orazbayev Batyr , Orazbayeva Kulman , Dyussembina Elmira , Uskenbayeva Gulzhan , Shukirova Alia , Abdugulova Zhannat , Shaikhanova Aigul 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The paper studies the problems of developing fuzzy and linguistic models of poorly formalized production facilities using available fuzzy information and other types of data. Since known methods do not allow us to effectively solve these problems in a fuzzy environment, we propose a systematic method and a heuristic approach to decision making for the effective objects control in a fuzzy environment. The proposed system method makes it possible to develop fuzzy, linguistic models of complex objects, and a heuristic approach to the formulation and solution of the adoption problem - to adequately and effectively solve the problem of fuzzy described objects control. In the proposed heuristic method of fuzzy decision making, effective control of the coking process is ensured through the maximum and effective use of fuzzy information representing the experience, knowledge and intuition of the decision maker, experts. Using the proposed system method, fuzzy and linguistic models of the studied coking reactors of the delayed coking unit of the Atyrau refinery were developed. A computer modeling system has been created that allows, as a result of modeling, to select the optimal operating modes of coking reactors. Based on the developed models using the proposed heuristic decision-making method, modifying and combining the principles of maximin and Pareto optimality, the problem of effective control of the delayed coking process was successfully solved. Comparison of the obtained results with the results of known methods and real data shows the advantages, efficiency and high adequacy of the proposed methods in a fuzzy environment. The practical significance of the results obtained is that they can be adapted and successfully applied in modeling and decision making for the effective complex objects control in a fuzzy environment.
Introducing TEC-LncMir for practical prediction of lncRNA-miRNA interactions through deep learning of RNA sequence data
Authors: Wang Yu , Yang Tingpeng , He Yonghong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The interactions between long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) play critical roles in many life processes, highlighting the necessity to further advance the performance of the state-of-the-art models. Here, we introduced a novel approach, named TEC-LncMir, for lncRNA-miRNA interaction prediction based on Transformer Encoder and convolutional neural networks (CNNs). TEC-LncMir treats both lncRNA and miRNA sequences as natural languages and encodes them using the Transformer Encoder. It then combines the meaningful representations of a pair of microRNA and lncRNA into a contact map (a three-dimensional array). Afterwards, TEC-LncMir treats the contact map as a multi-channel image, utilizes a four-layer CNN to extract the contact map's features, and then uses these features to predict the interaction between the pair of lncRNA and miRNA. We applied a series of comparative experiments to demonstrate that TEC-LncMir significantly improves lncRNA-miRNA interaction prediction, compared with existing state-of-the-art models. We also trained TEC-LncMir utilizing a large training dataset, and as expected, TEC-LncMir achieves unprecedented performance. Moreover, our approach is the first practical approach for practical miRNA-lncRNA interaction analysis. Specifically, we utilized TEC-LncMir to find microRNAs interacting with lncRNA NEAT1, where NEAT1 performs as a competitive endogenous RNA of the microRNAs’ targets (corresponding mRNAs) in the cellular context. We also demonstrated the regulatory mechanism of NEAT1 in Alzheimer’s disease via transcriptome analysis and sequence alignment analysis. These results reveal a potential regulatory mechanism of NEAT1 in Alzheimer’s disease and show that TEC-LncMir performs well in applications. Our results demonstrate the effectivity of TEC-LncMir and take a significant step forward in lncRNA-miRNA interaction prediction.
Exploring the effect of CdO / Al2O3 replacement on structural, optical, and gamma-ray attenuation properties of Na2O-BaO-P2O5 glasses
Authors: Azooz Moines , Abo-Mosallam H.A. , Mahdy Ebrahim 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

With the intention of investigating the impact of Al2O3 replacement by CdO on the physical, structural, and optical properties of sodium barium phosphate glasses with chemical compositions of 20Na2O-25BaO-(15–x) Al2O3-xCdO-40P2O5 were created using the traditional melt-quenching technique with coded as Cdx depending on cadmium amount, where (x = 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 mol%). Shielding parameters against gamma rays were also reported for the modified glass samples. A shot-range of amorphous nature was detected by the XRD analysis. The value of the density (ρg) increased linearly with CdO content, from 3.24 to 3.87 g/cm3. On the other hand, an opposing behavior was observed for the molar volume (Vm) and crystalline volume, (Vc). FTIR spectra were carried out and confirmed the structure changing by replacing Al2O3 by CdO. Optical absorption spectra show a valuable difference at both energy gap and Urbach energy by increasing the CdO content. Radiation shielding parameters such as MAC, LAC, HVL, MFP, and Zeff, were calculated using Phy-X/PSD. We found that the CdO / Al2O3 replacement enhanced all the shielding parameters. The obtained results indicated that the increasing in CdO content modifying the structural properties and improves the shielding abilities of the studied samples. Therefore, the prepared glasses could be considered as promising as shielding materials.
Isolation, identification, and control effect of a biocontrol bacterium for lotus root rot disease
Authors: Yang Chen , Wei Baoyang , Zhao Xin , Tu Jing , Cui Kan , Xu Zhide , Fu Wei , Zeng Liangbin , Wei Lin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Lotus rot is harmful to the underground stems and roots of plants. The center of the vascular bundle is brown or light brown at the beginning of the disease. After the pathogen spreads, it causes the leaves to roll over. The edges of leaves appear to have water invasion necrosis until the entire leaf tissue rots and dies. An endophytic bacterium that showed an apparent inhibitory effect on a specific type of Fusarium oxysporum, the pathogen of lotus root rot disease, was isolated from lotus root tissue. The bacterium, named LS8 (also known as strain CGMCC 24563 according to the General Microbiology Center of China Microbial Species Conservation and Management Committee), was identified as Bacillus velesiensis using physiological and biochemical identification methods and 16S rDNA sequencing. Soaking lotus seeds in LS8 culture medium with a concentration of 108 CFU for 12 h could significantly reduce the incidence of the disease in leaves and exert a control effect of up to 60.42% on the germination of lotus leaves rot. B. velesiensis LS8 has a significant biocontrol effect on lotus rot and could potentially be used to develop biocontrol agents.
Contrasting effect of different crowding agents on pseudoknot RNA stability
Authors: Endoh Tamaki , Satpathi Sagar , Sugimoto Naoki 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Pseudoknot (PK) is one of the prevalent and potential targets for drug discovery. It is still difficult to predict PK-forming regions within endogenous RNA transcripts because the intracellular environment consisting of various cellular agents has diverse effects on the structure and stability of nucleic acids. In this study, we have demonstrated the impact of the varied crowding conditions on the structural stability of pseudoknot RNA, emphasizing the distinct stabilities of PK structures depending on the crowding environment.
Climate change and variability impacts on food security of smallholder farmers in Assosa District, Ethiopia
Authors: Addisu Solomon , Wajera Argeta 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Ethiopia is one of the most vulnerable countries of the sub- Saharan Africa to the impacts of climate change and variability. The impact is even stronger in arid and semi-arid areas on smallholder farmers of the country. However, studies on the actual climate change and variability dynamics and its effect on food security at household levels are limited. This study took Assosa district as a case study and analyzed changes in local climate; status of household food security; the relative significance of climate related causes on food insecurity; and household level determinants of food security. Rainfall, temperature and socioeconomic data were collected from 312 sample households. Using Mann-Kendall trend test, the study revealed the existence of statistically significant declining trend in rainfall in the rainy season and increasing trend in temperature at annual and seasonal time scale. The logistic regression result based on household food insecurity and access scale showed high prevalence of food insecurity in the district. Among other things, the study suggested improving climate change awareness and strengthening the existing adaptation measures that have positive impacts on food security.
The Effectiveness of Neural Mobilization Combined with Cervical Traction in the Treatment of Cervical Spondylotic Radiculopathy: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Guojun , Liu Yueyue , Zhang Jingyu , Zhang Xia , Lin Yuye , Zeng Chufan , Rao Tianyu , Liu Kezhi , Zheng Linyao , Chen Jiayan , Huang Yuting , Fang Yanping , Tong Xiubing , Kan Yu , Liao Jun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Cervical Spondylosis Radiculopathy (CSR), a degenerative condition affecting the cervical spine,characterized by the irritation and compression of nerve roots, leading to a range of clinical symptoms such as numbness and pain in the neck, shoulders, upper limbs, and fingers. Neural Mobilization (NM)combined with Cervical Traction (CT) has emerged as a noteworthy therapeutic approach for CSR, gaining recognition for its effectiveness. This study endeavors to conduct a comprehensive and systematic review of available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on NMCT. The objective is to critically assess the efficacy and safety of NM as a treatment modality for CSR.The study will analyze the methodologies, results, and any specific findings from the RCTs, providing a comprehensive assessment of the role of NMCT in managing CSR.
Factors Influencing Water Resources Levels under the Water Resources Carrying Capacity Framework – A Dynamic QCA Analysis Based on Provincial Panel Data
Authors: Li Zehua , Wu Yanfeng , Li Zhijun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Current frameworks for evaluating water resources carrying capacity often overlook the interdependencies between subsystems, hindering the exploration of the differentiated pathways through which each subsystem impacts the water resource subsystem. Therefore, the aim of this study is to introduce the dynamic qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) model into the evaluation of water resources carrying capacity. The ecological environment, social, and economic subsystems are defined as conditional subsystems, while the water resources subsystem is defined as the outcome subsystem. The Entropy Weight Method is used to calculate the comprehensive scores of each subsystem and to calibrate them. Leveraging the "analysis of the necessity of a single conditional subsystem" and the "analysis of the sufficiency of the configuration of conditional subsystems" from dynamic QCA, we qualitatively analyze the extent and pathways of the impact of the ecological environment, social, and economic subsystems on the water resources subsystem within the framework of water resources carrying capacity. Results reveal a general stability in water resource levels despite regional variances, pinpointing pathways of influence including ecological-social and ecological-economic configurations. The period of 2011–2015 saw poor stability which then improved until 2019, followed by a decline in 2020. The middle reaches urban cluster showed the highest stability, less impacted by conditional subsystems. The findings enable provinces and municipalities to tailor policies and enhance subsystem levels for better water resource management.
Even beyond animal testing: possibilities for an overall assessment of animal well-being
Authors: Wenzel Sibylle , Helmig Simone 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The concept of well-being encompasses the physical and mental/emotional health of an individual. For animals, well-being is often defined merely by the absence of pain, suffering, fear, stress, or harm, and is generally difficult to assess for individuals who cannot communicate for themselves. In laboratory animal science, severity assessments have been mandatory by law since 2013, whereby stressors are initially considered as the sum of all factors leading to deviations in the well-being of animals. Depending on the interventions and treatments conducted, corresponding severity levels are then defined. Assessments of severity must occur before, during and after the experiment, with corresponding ethical considerations being made. Various severity assessments have been created for a large number of individual manipulations. However, when multiple harmful interventions or stressors occur simultaneously, the cumulative overall severity cannot be captured objectively, often leading to significant underestimation.
Methods
A comprehensive analysis was conducted on 20 legally mandated records of animal experiments (approval authorities in Germany: Regierungspräsidium Gießen and Freie Hansestadt Bremen) from the years 2015–2023. This analysis involved daily examination of the effects of each experiment on the respective animals or groups of animals. The aim was to identify significant stressors across various research domains.
Results
In order to visualise these cumulative occurring stressors, a scoring system was developed to estimate the overall stress loads within the context of an animal experiment and outside of animal experiments. The developed scoring system is based on four different aspects, namely the definition of the [1] highest individual stress load, the assessment of [2] parallel and [3] serial individual stress loads and the consideration of a [4] baseline load. From these four different aspects, a cumulative overall stress load can then be determined through point allocation.
Discussion
This scoring system is highly effective in objectively depicting cumulative stress load and covert burden. It is crucial that it is optimized for the respective situation and that care is taken to ensure that the point allocation is coherent and tailored to the specific testing project or situation.
Advancing Whole Person Care: An Innovative Approach to Integrating Spirituality and Religion into Medical Education
Authors: Hashim Haafiz , Zaidi Zuhair , Alshaikhsalama Ahmed , Kazi Ammaar , Jetpuri Zaiba 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Despite the recognized significance of the integration of spiritual care into healthcare, training in spiritual care is often an elective rather than a core component of medical education in the U.S., suggesting a gap in the comprehensive training of future healthcare professionals.
Methods
An innovative elective course, developed to explore the interplay between religion, spirituality, and medicine, was assessed over two academic semesters using qualitative and quantitative methods. The curriculum included lectures, interactive sessions with religious leaders, and discussions aimed at enhancing medical students' understanding and skills in integrating spiritual care into patient care. Through carefully designed pre- and post-course surveys, data was collected to gauge changes in students' perceptions, attitudes, and competencies.
Results
The course significantly improved participants' confidence and competence in integrating spiritual care into medical practice, as evidenced by the pre- and post-course survey comparisons. Students reported an enhanced understanding of the importance of spiritual care in patient treatment, expressed a greater willingness to incorporate spiritual assessments in their future clinical practice, and demonstrated a markedly elevated ability to correctly assist a patient in certain religiously based case scenarios.
Conclusions
The elective course successfully addressed a critical gap in medical education by equipping students with the knowledge and skills to incorporate spiritual care into holistic patient treatment. This initiative underscores the need for spiritual care training within medical curricula to prepare well-rounded healthcare professionals capable of meeting the diverse needs of patients. The course model offers a valuable framework for other medical schools aiming to enhance holistic care competencies among students.
Trial Registration
Not applicable, as this study did not report the results of a health care intervention on human participants requiring registry.
Research on the Influence of Cooling Module Layout on Flow and Heat Transfer Performance in Commercial Vehicles
Authors: Gao Zhenhai , Yang Yang , Zhang Yanji , Li Ming 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In order to meet the needs of high-horsepower engine system integration for National VI emission and four-stage fuel consumption compliance limits, it is necessary to increase the heat load of the vehicle cooling system, which requires a redesign of the front grille of the body and the cooling system of the engine, such as the size and layout of the cooling air duct and cooling module, and the wind shield. Simply increasing the mass flow rate of cooling air can improve the performance of the whole cooling air system. However, it will also increase fan power consumption and vehicle aerodynamic resistance, resulting in increased fuel consumption and increased emissions. Therefore, multi-objective optimization of engine cooling system is needed to achieve the desired vehicle cooling effect. In this paper, LBM method is used for high-fidelity CFD simulation to optimize and improve vehicle thermal management performance. The numerical simulation method is used to calibrate the thermal wind tunnel to realize the high precision simulation prediction of thermal balance and thermal protection. On this basis, we use thermal management simulation to optimize the cooling module layout and performance, and the simulation results show that the temperatures of the condenser, CAC, and radiator surfaces are significantly reduced and more evenly distributed. The optimization solutions can improve the air mobility in the engine compartment, which can enhance the engine cooling effect. This study provides a method reference for improving the engine cooling performance, which is of great significance for the design of the whole vehicle and the optimization of the arrangement scheme.
Neuronal toxicity of Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs): An analysis of post marketing reports from FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) safety database
Authors: Kumar Nitin , Kalaiselvan Vivekanandan , Arora Mandeep Kumar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), are pivotal in treating various diseases including cancers and autoimmune disorders. Despite their therapeutic benefits, mAbs therapy has been associated with neurological toxicity.
Objectives:
This study aimed to assess the incidence of neuronal toxicity associated with mAbs, utilizing data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) safety database. The study also sought to delineate the medical characteristics of the reported cases.
Methods:
A comprehensive analysis of neurological adverse events reported in the FAERS database was conducted, employing computational methodologies such as proportional relative risk (PRR), information component (IC025), and Chi-Square (χ2). Individual case safety reports (ICSRs) pertaining to neurological disorders linked to mAbs from the date of first global marketing authorization until June 30, 2023, were meticulously examined.
Results:
The FAERS safety database contains 79,022 Individual Case Safety Reports (ICSRs) linking monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to Nervous system disorders. Rituximab, Bevacizumab, Denosumab, Nivolumab, and Trastuzumab were frequently cited. Reported adverse events include headache, peripheral neuropathy, dizziness, and cerebrovascular accident. Most ICSRs (85.81%) were serious, mainly affecting females (57.04%) with a 14.09% fatality rate. Panitumumab, Atezolizumab, Bevacizumab, and Trastuzumab showed strong drug-event associations. Signal Disproportionate Reporting (SDR) analysis flagged myasthenia gravis, peripheral neuropathy, and neurotoxicity across multiple mAbs, suggesting potential signals.
Conclusions:
Interdisciplinary collaboration between oncologists and neurologists is crucial for safe mAb use. Our study enhances understanding of mAb neurological safety. Disproportionality signal analysis provides valuable evidence for risk mitigation.
Uncovering a new SASH1 mutation associated with Generalized Lentiginosis and unilateral renal dysplasia: pedigree survey and literature review
Authors: Du JIANG , Liang Guobiao , Wu Tao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A 19-year-old female patient exhibits widespread pigmentation patches and unilateral renal dysplasia, while other systems were unremarkable. The diagnosis was generalized lentiginosis and the right kidney is dysplastic and nonfunctional. Genetic screening unveiled two heterozygous missense alterations in the SASH1 gene: c.1029C > T(p.Thr343=) and c.1566C > A(p.Ser522Arg). Her parents, while carrying the c.1029C > T(p.Thr343=) mutation, have no similar lentiginous phenotype. According to the analysis of relevant literature, both mutation sites are unprecedented in medical literature, with the c.1566C > A(p.Ser522Arg) variation representing a novel occurrence within this lineage. This finding not only contributes to the expansion of the human gene mutation repository but also furnishes critical insights for the genetic counseling of the patient and her relatives. During these consultations, elucidating the characteristics and implications of these mutations is paramount for accurately gauging the patient's risk factors and informing future familial health decisions.
Physiological and transcriptomic analysis reveal the response mechanisms to nutrient deficiencies in aquatic plant Spirodela polyrhiza
Authors: hou hongwei , Zhao Xuyao , Li Xiaozhe , Sun Zuoliang , Li Gaojie , Guo Wenjun , Chen Yan , Xia Manli , Chen Yimeng , Wang Xiaoyu , Li Yixian , Luo Kangsheng , Ji Mingfei , Duan Pengfei , Yang Jingjing 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Macrophytes are critical primary producers in freshwater ecosystem and provide potential crop output to feed the expanding human population, they also have been used to mitigate eutrophication. Aquatic plants adapt themselves to the more complicated and unstable conditions compared to terrestrial plants, especially the fluctuated nutrient environments. Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are the key nutrient elements for plants, and their cycles have been massively altered by anthropogenic activities in diverse ecosystems. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding about the adapt mechanisms of N and P stress in aquatic plants. Therefore, we investigated the response mechanisms at the molecular, physiological, and morphological levels in the macrophyte Spirodela polyrhiza under various nutrient conditions. We found that the similar response mechanisms are shared between terrestrial plants and S. polyrhiza. Encouragingly, novel findings have been found. The dramatic accumulation of starch or protein without significantly growth inhibition under nutrient deficiencies, improve the crop output of S. polyrhiza. miR399 is the dual-function regulator in Pi homeostasis of S. polyrhiza through targets to SpPHO2, SpPHT1;1 and lncRNAs. The N assimilation process explained the prioritizing usage of ammonium (NH4+)-N in duckweeds, enhancing its application to phytoremediation of NH4+ waste water.