bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Churn Prediction in Telecommunication Industry: A Comparative Analysis of Boosting Algorithms
Authors: Ogbonna Opara John , Aimufua Gilbert I.O. , Abdullahi Muhammad Umar , Abubakar Suleiman 
Published: April 2024

The issue of customer churn, which is a major problem in the telecommunications industry, poses several challenges, such as financial implications, client attrition, and increased marketing costs. The advancements achieved in the domain of machine learning and artificial intelligence have significantly expanded the possibilities for forecasting customer churn, presenting a promising resolution for effectively handling customer attrition and enhancing customer retention. This study presents a customer churn prediction model that uses machine learning approaches to assist telecom firms in enhancing customer retention and mitigating churn rates. The study employs machine learning techniques, such as Adaboost, Gradient Boosting, and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), in order to evaluate extensive datasets and provide predictions on customer churn via a comparative evaluation. The methodology involves extracting data from the Kaggle data pool, doing further data preparation, and identifying relevant features. The Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) is used as a strategy to mitigate the challenges posed by imbalanced data. The dataset is partitioned into training and testing sets at a ratio of 75% to 25%. The XGBoost model demonstrated superior accuracy and recall, positioning itself as the top-performing model among the studied models. The attained accuracy rate was 89.51%. The XGBoost method has a recall rate of 92.48%, which is the highest of the three algorithms evaluated. Gradient boosting follows with a recall rate of 87.69%, while Adaboost achieves a recall rate of 85.13%. These findings underscore the potential of machine learning techniques for addressing the challenges posed by customer churn in the telecommunications industry.
Effects of Climate Change among Smallholder Farmers in Bade Local Government Area of Yobe State, Nigeria
Authors: Dagona Ahmadu Musa , Dala Ali , Hassan Abubakar 
Published: April 2024

This research studied the effects of climate change in Bade Local Government Area of Yobe State. A quantitative method was used to gather data in this study. A questionnaire was administered to the smallholder farmers (household heads) in the study area. Data collected was analysed using descriptive statistics and results show that 77.5% of the farmers agree that the temperature in the study area is increasing, 83% agree that there is an increase in drought, 76% agree that flood is increasing during the rainy season, 66% agree that there is an increase in crop infestation and diseases, 68% agree that there is excessive de-vegetation, 82.5% are of the opinion that forest resources are declining, 66.5% said that the cost of food crops is increasing, 75% agree that there is change in the livelihood of people, whilst 77.5% agree that there is rural-urban migration. The research therefore recommends that farmers in the study area be enlightened about the prospects of adaptation strategies by agricultural institutions. Finally the study suggests that effective policy measures should be taken to promote the adoption of climate change adaptation strategies.
Species Diversity and Abundance of Starling Birds at Federal University Dutse, Nigeria
Authors: Sotayo Falilat Olatoro , Isah Ahmad Garba 
Published: April 2024

The biodiversity of an ecosystem can give information on the health of that ecosystem. This study examined starling bird species diversity and abundance, as well as the effects of vegetation and season of the year on starling birds at Federal University Dutse. Point count bird census technique was used to survey starling birds at sixteen (16), randomly selected points, within the study location, during the rainy and dry seasons of the year. Vegetation measurement was also taken. The number of trees were counted and percentage grass cover was estimated. Data analysis was carried out using the statistical software R version 3.3. A total of 607 individual birds of five (5) starling species; Chestnut-bellied starling, Greater blue-eared starling, Lesser blue-eared starling, Long-tailed glossy starling and Purple glossy starling were observed. There was a significant negative relationship between Starling species diversity and percentage grass cover (p < 0.001) as Starling species diversity decreased with increase in percentage grass cover. Starling species diversity also differed significantly by seasons of the year (p < 0.001), with higher diversity recorded during the dry season. Starling bird abundance on the other hand, also decreased marginally with increase in percentage grass cover (p = 0.06) and was higher during the dry season of the year (p = 0.01). The most abundant Starling bird species was the Chestnutbellied starling (p < 0.001).
Mathematical Modeling of Transient and Steady-State Groundwater Flow in a Confined Aquifer
Authors: Shittu M. T. , Usman M. A. , Ariyo S. O. 
Published: April 2024

Groundwater flow problems can be expressed mathematically with the employ of partial differential equations and which could be solved analytically or numerically. The results obtained showed that the direction of flow of groundwater is from a region of higher hydraulic head to a lower hydraulic head, and that pumping groundwater from the well faster than it is recharged leads to dry wells. The numerical methods used for the analysis of Transient and steady-state groundwater flow produced efficient, effective and accurate solution and can be used for all real-life problems.
Evaluation of Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland for Treatment of Tannery Wastewater in Kaduna, Nigeria
Authors: Alfa M. I. , Oluwaseun D. , Adie D. B. , Yaroson H. B. , Ovuarume B. U. 
Published: April 2024

Tannery wastewater is often characterized by their complexities in terms of contaminants and require specialized treatment technologies. Hence, the objective of this paper is to explore the performance evaluation of a laboratory-scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSFCW) in the treatment of tannery wastewater in Kaduna, Nigeria using appropriate standard techniques. Out of the tree replica systems, two were respectively vegetated with Phragmites australis and Polygonum salicifolium + Ipomoea carnea, while the last was left un-vegetated and used to treat tannery effluent. Characteristics such as Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Nitrates (NO-3), phosphates (PO43-), suspended solids (TSS) and chromium (Cr) analyzed using standard methods were used as indicators of the treatment efficiency under a 6-day Hydraulic Retention Time. The results showed that the system vegetated with Phragmites australis had the best performance in the removal of BOD, COD, NO-3, PO43- and Cr (97.9%, 94.2%, 54.4%, 44.1% and 98.4% respectively). The system vegetated with Polygonum salicifolium + Ipomoea carnea on the other hand had the best performance for SS removal (92.6%) while the system vegetated with Phragmites australis had a SS removal efficiency of 92.3%. The performance indices for unvegetated cell, Phragmites australis vegetated cell and Polygonum salicifolium + Ipomoea carnea vegetated cell were respectively, 4, 9 and 8 which shows that the cell vegetated with Phragmites australis had the best performance in the treatment of tannery wastewater. It also showed that the performance of the cell vegetated with Polygonum salicifolium + Ipomoea carnea was also comparable with that of Phragmites australis. This study demonstrated that the HSSFCW vegetated with both Phragmites australis and Polygonum salicifolium + Ipomoea carnea can effectively treat tannery wastewater. There is however a need to investigate the efficiency of the system over a longer period with consideration of microbial characteristics.
Effect of Mulching Materials and Spacing on Growth and Yield of Two Varieties of Chilli Pepper (Capsicum annum L.) Planted in Experimental Plot in Jericho area of Ibadan Northwest Local Government, Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Adesida O. A. , Bamigboye T. O. , Aderemi A. M. , Akala A. O. , Ogidan O. A. 
Published: April 2024

Mulching is covering the soil surface around the plants with organic or synthetic material to create favorable conditions for plant growth and proficient crop production. Hence, the objective of this paper is to investigate the Effect of Mulching Materials and Spacing on Growth and Yield of Two Varieties of Chilli Pepper (Capsicum annum L.) Planted in Experimental Plot in Jericho area of Ibadan Northwest Local Government, Oyo State, Nigeria using appropriate standard techniques. The results obtained from the experiment showed no significant difference in the growth parameters of both varieties except in the fruit yield data of the local variety assessed. Treatments which recorded highest values for hybrid and local variety on plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, number of flowers and number of fruits were T2(27.7cm), T2(1.2mm), T2(64.0), T2(5.00) and T2(17.0) while treatments which recorded least were T4(20.3cm), T4(0.7mm),T5( 20), T4 ( 1.00) T3 (0.00) respectively. In conclusion, T1 (30x75cm+plantain leaves), hybrid variety recorded the best performance while for local variety, T2 (60cmx75cm+plantain leaves) recorded highest than other treatments assessed. It was therefore recommended that spacing of 30cmx75cm and plantain leaves should be adopted for the growth and yield of Capsicum annum hybrid varieties while 60x75cm and plantain leaves can be used for local varieties in the study area.
Phytotoxicity Assessment of Different Animal Manure on Selected Vegetable Crops in Kashere Community, Gombe State, Nigeria
Authors: Bello M. S. , Kolawole O. S. 
Published: April 2024

The present study evaluated the phytotoxicity effect of poultry, goat and cow manure on Okra, Tomato and Pepper vegetables using appropriate standard methods. In the current study, of the three different manure collected and used on the three vegetable crops, GI value of <50% was recorded on Okra and Pepper seeds mounted on PM medium (48.51% and 41.36% respectively), GI value of between 50% and 80% was recorded on Okra, Tomato and Pepper seeds mounted on GM medium (64.76%, 79.77% and 73.70% respectively) also Pepper seeds mounted on CM medium (76.48%) and Tomato seeds mounted on PM medium (75.41%) while GI Value of >80% was observed on Okra and Tomato Seeds mounted on a CM medium (81.63% and 94.10% respectively). Overall result of all the animal manure evaluated, poultry manures was phytotoxic on okra and pepper seed and moderately phytotoxic on Tomato seed based on the plant bioassay evaluated. It is possible that other chemicals that were not analyzed in this study could potentially be responsible for the phytotoxic effects of poultry manure on the vegetable seeds, indicating that some curing in the form of composting or vermicomposting may be necessary to degrade or reduce the presence of phytotoxic compounds in the poultry manure used for the study before use as soil amendments and thus would help to render the resultant end product environmentally safer.
POLA KEPEMIMPINAN MUSA: MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN GEREJA DI ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Situmorang Sitor , Hermanto Yanto Paulus 
Published: April 2024

Abstrak
Kepemimpinan telah menjadi faktor penting dalam keberhasilan suatu organisasi termasuk gereja. Karena pemimpin mempunyai kekuatan untuk mempengaruhi jemaat yang dipimpinnya dalam mencapai misi atau tujuan gereja yang sudah ditetapkan. Namun perkembangan teknologi di era digital sekalipun memberi manfaat tetapi dapat menjadi bumerang dalam pelayanan gereja. Salah satunya adalah adanya jemaat yang tidak mengikuti ibadah hanya di satu gereja melainkan di gereja yang lain juga. Sehingga hal ini sangat berbahaya bagi pertumbuhan rohani jemaat yang tidak tertanam di satu gereja saja. Oleh karena itu, pemimpin rohani perlu belajar pola kepemimpinan Musa yang telah mampu melayani bangsa Israel sebagai bangsa yang “tegar tengguk” menuju tanah perjanjian. Adapun penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menolong para pemimpin gereja dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan gereja di era digital. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan metode kualitatif. Dalam penelitian ini penulis hendak membahas bagaimana pelayanan gereja di era digital ini dan bagaimana pola kepemimpinan Musa dalam memimpin bangsa Israel. Dari pembahasan ini diketahui pola kepemimpinan Musa yang bisa diterapkan dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan gereja di era digital.

Kata Kunci: Kepemimpinan; Pelayanan; Gereja; Era Digital; Musa
Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Efektivitas Manajemen Program Imunisasi HPV dalam Pencegahan Kanker Serviks
Authors: Habiba Sono Rafa , Puspita Sari Ratna Dewi , Lisiswanti Rika , Irawan Romulya Ari 
Published: April 2024

Kanker serviks merupakan masalah kesehatan yang serius bagi perempuan di Indonesia. Beberapa faktor yang dapat memengaruhi efektivitas program ini meliputi aspek kebijakan publik, aksesibilitas pelayanan kesehatan, partisipasi masyarakat, kerjasama lintas sektoral, dan pendekatan komprehensif dalam implementasi program. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi potensi permasalahan, memastikan efektivitas program dalam jangka panjang, dan mendukung perbaikan strategis untuk mencapai target pemerintah dalam meningkatkan layanan imunisasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen. Penelitian ini berlangsung dari bulan November 2023 hingga Januari 2024. Fokus penelitian ini adalah pada instansi Dinas Kesehatan Bandar Lampung, Puskesmas Panjang, Puskesmas Pasar Ambon, dan Puskesmas Labuhan Ratu. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dan maximal variation sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan jumlah informan sebanyak 10 orang, dengan melibatkan satu informan dari Dinas Kesehatan berperan sebagai Koordinator Fungsional Surveilens dan Imunisasi, serta dari masing-masing Puskesmas Panjang, Labuhan Ratu, dan Pasar Ambon, terdiri dari tiga informan, yaitu Kepala Puskesmas, Koordinator Imunisasi, dan paramedis yang terlibat dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi efektivitas manajemen program imunisasi HPV adalah sumber daya manusia, pendanaan, sarana dan prasarana, tahapan perencanaan dan pra-implementasi, tahapan pendistribusian dan pelaksanaan Imunisasi, tahapan monitoring dan evaluasi, penerimaan program imunisasi, dan upaya keberlanjutan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini sumber daya manusia, pendanaan, infrastruktur, tahapan perencanaan dan pra-implementasi, tahapan distribusi dan pelaksanaan imunisasi, tahapan pemantauan dan evaluasi, penerimaan program imunisasi, serta usaha untuk kelangsungan program, semuanya merupakan faktor-faktor yang memiliki pengaruh terhadap efektivitas manajemen program imunisasi HPV.
Pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) dan Non Performing Loan (NPL) Terhadap Return On Asset (ROA) pada PT Bank Mega Tbk Tahun 2018 – 2022
Authors: Sambo Andarias , Novitasari Eva , Budiasih Yenny 
Published: April 2024

Sektor perbankan merupakan industri yang memegang peranan penting dalam sistem perekonomian negara. Kinerja suatu bank sebenarnya dapat mempengaruhi kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap perbankan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) dan Non Performing Loan (NPL) terhadap Return On Asset (ROA) Pada PT Bank Mega, Tbk periode 2018-2022. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari data Laporan Keuangan Triwulan Publikasi Bank Mega, Tbk periode 2018-2022 yang terdaftar di Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK).Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan Teknik analisis regresi linier berganda untuk memperoleh gambaran yang menyeluruh mengenai hubungan antara variabel satu dengan variabel yang lain. Selain itu juga dilakukan uji asumsi klasik yang meliputi uji normalitas, uji autokorelasi, uji multikolinearitas dan uji heteroskedastisitas selama periode pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa data penelitian berdistribusi normal. Berdasarkan uji normalitas, uji autokorelasi, uji multikolinearitas dan uji heteroskedastisitas tidak ditemukan variabel yang menyimpang dari asumsi klasik. Hal ini menunjukkan data yang tersedia telah memenuhi syarat menggunakan model persamaan regresi linier berganda.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian uji F menunjukkan CAR dan NPL secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap ROA. Secara parsial variabel CAR berpengaruh positif terhadap ROA dan variabel NPL berpengaruh negative terhadap ROA. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh adjusted Rsquare sebesar 0,624. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa 62,4% variabel dependen ROA dapat dijelaskan oleh variabel independennya (CAR dan NPL), sisanya 37,6% dijelaskan oleh factor lain.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI ZOOM SEBAGAI MEDIA RAPAT DARING PADA YAYASAN KEMITRAAN INDONESIA SEHAT (YKIS)
Authors: Yahdi Muhammad , Ibrahim Mulky , Suhardi Suhardi , Meliyani Revi 
Published: April 2024

Pandemi COVID-19 telah mengubah cara organisasi melakukan rapat, termasuk Yayasan Kemitraan Indonesia Sehat (YKIS) sebagai organisasi yang berupaya untuk mendorong kegiatan dan memberdayakan organisasi kemasyarakatan dalam upaya promotif dan preventif terkait kesehatan masyarakat Indonesia yang berdomisili di Jakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektivitas penggunaan aplikasi Zoom sebagai media rapat daring di lingkungan YKIS. Metodologi penelitian ini mencakup survei kepada anggota YKIS dimanapopulasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu sebanyak 40 orang dengan sempel yang diambil seluruhnya dari jumlah populasi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Dari hasil analisis, terlihat bahwa YKIS didominasi oleh perempuan dengan 57,5% dari anggota organisasi, sementara laki-laki yaiti 42,5%. Mayoritas anggota YKIS berada dalam rentang usia 17-25 tahun (35%) dan 36-45 tahun (35%) adalah yang paling dominan. Anggota YKIS memiliki tingkat pendidikan yang tinggi, dengan 50% dari mereka memiliki setidaknya gelar sarjana (S1). Hanya 5% yang memiliki tingkat pendidikan D3, dan 32,5% yang memiliki tingkat pendidikan SMA.
The Thematic Analysis of Children at Lesson by Alamgir Hashmi
Authors: Ajmal Muhammad , Rajab Shazia , Ajmal Abrar 
Published: April 2024

Literary works are rich in themes due to their intense language. Alamgir Hashmi is a contemporary Pakistani poet whose themes are akin to mundane life. It is challenging to grasp the deep and true meaning of his poems because he talks about nature and everyday elements to tackle with highly complex themes like happiness and life. Therefore, it is important and essential to identify the most common themes in Alamgir Hashmi’s poem: Children at Lesson in order to understand his poetry better. This research article tries to interpret the poem on the basis of thematic analysis (TA) that is a comprehensive and qualitative method for analysis of a literary text. From educational perspective, this poem is very rich as it delineates the studying norms of children. Selection of this poem, Children at Lesson has been made for multiple reasons: it certainly manifests the Pakistani culture but its structure also speaks of its complex narrative beauty, thematic meaningfulness and unique diction. All these elements combine to augment the artistic beauty of this narrative piece of writing.
Religio-Political Rhetoric: An Ideo-Stylistic Analysis of Qadri’s Speeches
Authors: Shahzad Muhammad Umair , Abid Rabia , Khan Muhammad Sheraz 
Published: April 2024

Rhetoric means an art of winning soul through the impressive use of language. Rhetoric and politics are inseparable from each other. Different religio-political scholars use different visual and verbal practices to impress their audience. The present study critically analyses the religious speeches of Mr. Tahir-ul-Qadri (a renowned religious scholar). These speech were delivered from 1997-2013 at various international forums in different countries of the world. The data was collected from the archive of Minhaj Ul Quran, the institution run under the supervision of the said speaker. The data has been analysed by employing an amended research model of Dijk (2004). The most frequently used analytical categories by the speaker in this research to propagate his religio-political ideologies include ‘actor description. authority’, ‘categorization’, ‘consensus’, ‘Evidentiality’, ‘Rhetorical Question’, ‘lexicalization’, ‘metaphor’, ‘number game’, ‘point of view’, ‘polarization’ and ‘repetition ‘.The findings of the study highlight that the speaker has very tactfully used different rhetorical devices to convince his audience about the peaceful nature of Islam and Muslims. Both immediate and implied audience have been communicated through the speeches.
Determinasi Tax Avoidance
Authors: Afifah Ayu Cahyaningrum  , Sartika Wulandari  
Published: April 2024

Tax avoidance is an effort by taxpayer to reduce tax expense by not violating the tax laws or other rules in force. However, in fact tax avoidance is something that is not wanted by the government so the government created the rules to prevent it. This study aimed to examine the effect of Good Corporate Governance (Board of Commissioners, Audit Committee, Independent Board of Commissioners, Institutional Ownership), Profitability, Capital Intensity, Firm Size To the Tax Avoidance of the Technology, Healthcare, Consumer Non-Cyclical and Industrials sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) with a 3 year observation period in 2020-2022. The theory used in this study was agency theory. The number of observations is 300 samples obtained by the nonprobability sampling method, and purposive sampling technique. The analysis technique used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this research show that the Board of Commissioners, Audit Committee, Independent Board of Commissioners, Institutional Ownership, Audit Committee and Company Size do not affect tax avoidance. Meanwhile, Profitability and Capital Intensity affect tax avoidance.
Flypaper Effect pada PAD, Dana Perimbangan, & SiLPA terhadap Belanja Daerah
Authors: Putri Arimbi Nuritasari  , Dwi Suhartini  
Published: April 2024

This study aims to analyze the effect of Local Revenue, Balance Fund consisting of General Allocation Fund and Special Allocation Fund, and Unspent Funds at End Final Year on Regional Expenditure in Central Java and Yogyakarta Special Region in 2017-2020. This study also examines whether the Flypaper Effect phenomenon occurs by comparing the Local Revenue coefficient with General Allocation Fund. This study uses quantitative methods and uses secondary data with a sample size of 44 Budget Realization Reports for four periods, namely 2017 - 2020. Testing in this study using eviews 10. Based on the results of this study, it shows that any increase in General Allocation Fund and and Unspent Funds at End Final Year has an effect on the increase in regional expenditure, while the increase in Local Revenue and Special Allocation Fund does not affect the increase in regional expenditure. This study also found that local governments still depend on central government transfer funds, thus explaining the flypaper effect on local governments in Central Java and Yogyakarta Special Region in 2017-2020.