bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Possible Existence of Dark Matter Admixed Pulsar in M31 and M87 Galaxies
Authors: Mondal Sulagna , Molla Sajahan , Halder Prabir Kumar , Kalam Mehedi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In previous studies (S Molla et al. Eur Phys J Plus 135:362, 2020; N Rahman et al. Eur Phys J Plus 135:637, 2020; N Rahman et al. Universe 8:652, 2022) the possible existence dark matter admixed pulsar have been discussed based on three different dark matter density profiles, Singular Isothermal Sphere density profile, Universal Rotational Curve density profile and Navarro-Frenk-White density profile. They have been used to discuss the pulsars present in our Milky Way galaxy as well as some satellite dwarf galaxies of Milky Way. In this article we use the Universal Rotational Curve (URC) dark matter density profile to observe similar effects on galaxies M31 and M87. These study hold significant importance, as now it can be concluded that there is a fair possibility of presence of dark matter admixed pulser in M31 and M87 galaxies as well.
Radioactive iodine effects of ovarian reserve: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bukhari Salwa Qasim , Mirghani Hyder 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Differentiated thyroid carcinoma is common and its rate is on the rise globally, radioactive iodine is widely used as an adjuvant therapy or for remnant ablation. There is growing awareness about the effects of radioactive iodine on ovarian reserve. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of radioactive iodine (used for differentiated thyroid carcinoma) on Anti-Müllerian hormone and follicular stimulating hormone levels.
Methods:
A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and EBSCO) for relevant articles published in the English language. The literature search was conducted during March and 2024 and the studies were included without time limitation. (From inception up to November 2023). The keywords used were ovarian reserve, ovarian function, female fertility, radioactive iodine, follicular stimulating hormone, and Anti-Müllerian hormone. A datasheet was used to collect the information.
Results:
Out of the two hundred and sixty-nine studies retrieved, 160 remained after duplication removal, of them 17 full texts were screened. However, only six were included in the final meta-analysis. No statistically significant change was evident in the Anti-Müllerian hormone level after the radioactive iodine odd ratio, -0.71. 95% CI, -2.66-1.24, P-value, 0.48, Chi-square, 68.95. A significant heterogeneity was observed, I2, 93%. No significant effect was found on follicular stimulating hormone, odd ratio, -1.03. 95% CI, -2.34-0.27, P-value, 0.12, Chi-square, 1.89. No heterogeneity was observed, I2, 0.0%.
Conclusion:
No significant change in Anti-Müllerian hormone and follicular stimulating hormone levels following radioactive iodine for differentiated thyroid. Randomized controlled trials are needed to solve the issue.
Clinical-Exome Sequencing Unveils the Genetic Landscape of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Focusing on Lean and Obese Phenotypes: Implications for Cost-Effective Diagnosis and Personalized Treatment
Authors: Dhar Shrinjana , Bhattacharjee Pritha 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a serious endocrine disorder that affects 15-20% of fertile women globally. It is classed as a syndrome rather than a disease because to its wide range of symptoms, which include hyperandrogenism, acne, obesity, infertility, and hair loss. Understanding the aetiology and pathophysiology of PCOS is difficult due to its multiple causes, which include environmental factors, genetic predisposition, and epigenetic modifications. Despite research supporting the role of familial aggregations in PCOS outcomes, the inheritance pattern remains unknown. The disorder has an impact on several signal transduction pathways, including steroidogenesis, steroid hormone activity, gonadotrophin regulation, insulin secretion, energy balance, and chronic inflammation. Over the last two decades, the global burden of PCOS-related infertility has risen significantly. Detecting PCOS early in youth or before puberty is critical for quick diagnosis.
Objective(s): This study investigates the genetic basis behind obesity-mediated PCOS, focusing on both obese and lean individuals. It uses a comprehensive bioinformatics methodology to depict pathways and functionality enrichment, allowing for cost-effective risk prediction and management.
Study design: In the present research, the study participants were chosen from a cross-sectional epidemiological survey, based on their anthropometric parameters and confirmation of PCOS. Upon voluntary participation and written consent, biological fluids (whole-blood and buccal swab) were taken from where DNA was extracted. The Clinical-exome sequencing was performed by Next-generation Illumina platform using the Twist Human Comprehensive Exome Kit. A comprehensive bioinformatics methodology was employed to identify most important unique and common genes.
Results: A total of 26,550 variants were identified in clinically important exomes from two samples, with 5170 common and 2232 and 2322 unique among PCOS lean and obese phenotypes, respectively. Only 262 and 94 variants were PCOS-specific in lean and obese PCOS. Three filters were applied to shortlist the most potent variants, with 4 unique variants in lean PCOS, 2 unique variants in obese PCOS, and 5 common variants in both. The study found that leptin signalling impairment and insulin resistance, as well as mutations in CYP1A1, CYP19A1, ESR1, AR, AMH, AdipoR1, NAMPT, NPY, PTEN, EGFR, and Akt, all play significant roles in PCOS in the studied group.
Conclusions: Young women in West Bengal, India, are more likely to have co-occurring PCOS, which includes estrogen resistance, leptin receptor insufficiency, folate deficiency, T2DM, and acanthosis, with obesity being a common phenotypic expression.
Real-time Detection Algorithm of Aircraft Landing Gear based on improved YOLOv8
Authors: Gao Ruizhen , Chen Meng , Zhao Ziyue , Ren Juan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This study innovatively improves the YOLOv8 target detection model, aiming to achieve fast and accurate detection of aircraft landing gear in natural environments. By introducing a small target detection layer, a dynamic serpentine convolutional layer, and a CoTattention mechanism, the study successfully optimized the original yolov8 model to effectively detect small-sized aircraft landing gears when presented at a distance. This paper introduces a small target detection layer of 160x160 on top of the original network, significantly improving the detection performance of airplane landing gear by fusing features from different layers. Dynamic serpentine convolution uses a dynamic structure and iterative strategy to improve the model's ability to perceive complex geometric structures by optimizing the convolution kernel. The CoTAttention mechanism allows the model to consider the information of each position in the input image more comprehensively. It significantly reduces the loss of contextual information by enhancing the ability to perceive small targets. The experimental findings demonstrate a noteworthy enhancement in the performance metrics, including precision, recall, and average accuracy, when comparing the enhanced model to its original counterpart. Furthermore, the improved model effectively meets the real-time detection requirements. Compared to other object detection models, the improved model performs, offering high accuracy and real-time detection capabilities, particularly demonstrating its versatility and practical value in detecting aircraft landing gear.
Flexible Ureteral Access Sheath with suction -– Does it make a difference in Retrograde intrarenal surgery?
Authors: Vaddi Chandra Mohan , Ganesan Soundarya , Paidakula Ramakrishna , Swamy Siddalinga , Anandan Hemnath , Panda Rakesh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Aim:
The objective is to analyse the safety and efficacy of flexible ureteral access sheath (UAS) during retrograde intrarenal surgery in comparison with conventional ureteral access sheath.
Primary aim: To compare the stone free rate (SFR), need for auxiliary procedure, complication rate. Secondary aim: To compare the operative time and intraoperative visibility
Materials and Methods:
Between April and October 2023, prospectively collected data on RIRS using flexible UAS incorporated with suction (Group A, n=50) was matched with retrospective data on RIRS using conventional UAS (Group B, n=50), done by a single surgeon at a single centre. Demographic data and stone characteristics, intra operative and post operative parameters were collected from hospital database. Propensity matched analysis was done between the two groups after matching for stone size, volume and density.
Results:
The stone free rate (96% vs 92%, p = 0.678) and overall complication rate (22% vs 26%, p= 0.454) was comparable between the two groups. Group A patients had significantly better intraoperative visibility (100% vs 78% Grade 1 visibility, p<0.001), lesser need for auxiliary procedures (4% vs 16%, p=0.046), lesser incidence of post operative fever (4% vs 14%, p= 0.042) as compared to Group B. One patient in Group B required reintervention for steinstrasse after stent removal, while none in Group A required unplanned reintervention.
Conclusion:
Flexible UAS with suction during RIRS is advantageous due to better intraoperative visibility, lesser need for auxiliary procedures and lesser infectious complications.
Characteristics of Water Disintegration and Fractal Mechanism of Red Sandstone in Northwest China
Authors: Zhao Zhonghu , Song Shaoze , Fu Xiangyu , Xue Boqian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This study examines the disintegration characteristics of red sandstone in the Lanzhou subway project through disintegration testing. The red sandstone is classified based on its engineering properties. The study analyses the process of red sandstone disintegration caused by water immersion. It examines the particle content of each size interval of red sandstone under different immersion times and analyses the disintegration condition of red sandstone particles. Finally, it quantitatively analyses the disintegration characteristics by introducing the fractal dimension. The results show that as the immersion time increases, the fractal dimension gradually increases, and after complete disintegration, the fractal dimension is about 2.7. The fractal dimension can be used as a process control standard in underground engineering construction in the red sandstone area of Northwest China, providing significant technical engineering value.
Intraoperative neuromonitoring of visual evoked potentials in a pregnant patient with meningioma: a case report
Authors: Mori Fumi , Sumi Koichiro , Watanabe Mitsuru , Shijo Katsunori , Yumoto Masatoshi , Oshima Hideki , Fukaya Chikashi , Otani Naoki , Yoshino Atsuo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Meningiomas in the parasellar region leads to visual impairment, therefore intraoperative neurological monitoring is essential for enucleation surgery. However intraoperative neurological monitoring in pregnant women is challenging, as anesthesia management is required that considers the effects and risks to the fetus. Remimazolam is a newly introduced intravenous anesthetic, that has little effect on blood pressure. The effects of remimazolam on intraoperative neuromonitoring are little known. We treated a pregnant patient with parasellar meningioma who developed visual impairment, anesthesia was administered using remimazolam, intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring of the visual evoked potential.
Case presentation: A 34-year-old woman who was 20 weeks pregnant presented with visual acuity disturbances. Neuroimaging demonstrated a parasellar meningioma, and rapid tumor growth and worsening of symptoms subsequently occurred. Craniotomy for tumor removal was performed under anesthesia with remimazolam, and the visual evoked potentials could be measured. Her visual acuity was restored postoperatively, and no adverse events occurred in the fetus.
Conclusion: The intraoperative neuromonitoring of pregnant women showed that remimazolam may be useful for performing neurosurgical surgery combined with intraoperative neurological monitoring for pregnant women who are vulnerable to blood pressure fluctuations.
Exploring the Genetic Link between Gut Microbiome and Tendinopathy: A Mendelian Randomization and Bioinformatics Approach
Authors: Ming Hao , Ting Tang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the genetic link between the gut microbiome (GM) and tendinopathy, identifying shared pathogenic pathways and significant genes. Using a two-sample bidirectional and multivariable Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach, supplemented by bioinformatics analysis, we analyzed summary statistics from genome-wide association studies of gut microbial taxa and data on five tendinopathy phenotypes from the FinnGen database: Achilles, bicipital, shoulder, gluteal, and patellar tendinitis. Genetic data from 23 tendinopathy patients were also analyzed. We found 33 causal relationships between specific gut microbiota and tendinopathies: eight with Achilles, nine with bicipital, five with gluteal, nine with patellar, and three with shoulder tendinitis. Bioinformatics identified 682 differentially expressed genes and 711 genes linked to 28 gut microbiota, with 28 overlapping gene sets. Enrichment analysis highlighted four major gene pathways, and a Protein-Protein Interaction network identified FN1 as a key gene. These findings suggest genetic correlations between gut microbiota and tendinopathies, potentially mediated by FN1 overexpression and regulation of gene pathways, offering new insights into the genetic basis of tendinopathy and the gut microbiome's role in its pathogenesis, informing future therapeutic strategies.
Analysis of earthquake induced pounding between adjacent buildings in a row
Authors: Jiang Shan , Zhai Changhai , Zhang Fuwei , Ning Ning , Zhang Jigang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Previous earthquakes have shown that a significant number of adjacent buildings arranged in series were damaged due to collision. Pounding between adjacent structures in series causes them to inflict multiple blows on each other, which is more complex than pounding between two adjacent buildings. It is challenging to draw a universal conclusion about the impact of pounding on structural responses because it significantly dependents on the neighboring structures and the characteristics of the ground motion. Previous research has produced inconsistent or conflicting research conclusions due to various parameters. To address the complexity of these parameters, the dimensional analysis method is employed. This paper establishes a mathematical model for the dimensionless collision response of adjacent structures in a row. The layout of the structures is considered though three different configurations, and the effects of unilateral and bilateral collisions are compared. The analysis also considers the impact of frequency ratio, mass ratio and gap size of oscillators. According to the impact of pounding, the displacement and velocity responses of the outer structures with low mass and stiffness can be divided into multiple spectral regions based on the frequency ratio of the structure and excitation. The effect of mass ratio and frequency ratio on response of the outer flexible structures is correlated to the spectral regions. The results indicate that locating a structure with small mass and stiffness outside is more dangerous, as it causes a much larger pounding force and displacement of the outer structure. In comparison to the unilateral impact response, the bilateral impact induces a smaller displacement of the middle structure with slight mass and stiffness.
Event stream denoising method based on spatio-temporal density and time sequence
Authors: Jiang HaiYan , Wang XiaoShuang , Tang Wei , Song QingHui , Song QingJun , Hao WenChao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Event camera is a neuromimetic sensor inspired by the human retinal imaging principle, which has the advantages of high dynamic range, high temporal resolution and low power consumption. Due to the interference of hardware and software and other factors, the event stream output from the event camera usually contains a large amount of noise, and traditional denoising algorithms cannot be applied to the event stream. To better deal with different kinds of noise and enhance the robustness of the denoising algorithm, based on the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of effective events and noise, an event stream noise reduction and visualization algorithm is proposed. The event stream enters the fine filtering after filtering the BA noise based on spatio-temporal density, the fine filtering performs temporal analysis on the event pixels and the neighboring pixels to filter out the hot noise. The proposed visualization algorithm adaptively overlaps the events of the previous frame according to the event density difference to obtain clear and coherent event frames. We conducted denoising and visualization experiments on real scenes and public datasets respectively, and the experiments show that our algorithm is effective in filtering noise and obtaining clear and coherent event frames.
Mapping Health Policies for Optimum Service Delivery to Adolescents on HIV treatment in Zambia: a document review
Authors: Moomba Kaala , Crowley Talitha , Wyk Brian Van 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) are a highly vulnerable population in HIV care, facing unique service delivery challenges due to their developmental stage, psychosocial needs, and various barriers to accessing comprehensive healthcare. Despite significant advances in HIV treatment regimens, ALHIV report lower rates of viral suppression compared to other age groups reflecting sub-optimal adherence and lower engagement in care. ALHIV are considered a priority population in the fight against HIV globally due to high risk of HIV infection and poor treatment outcomes. It is therefore imperative that the specific needs of ALHIV be addressed in health policies that direct service delivery. The current paper reports on the adequacy of health policies and guidelines that direct the provision of HIV care and treatment services for ALHIV in Zambia, as measured against global recommendations for best practice.
Methods
We conducted a review of national health policies and guidelines (N = 10) that relate to HIV service delivery for ALHIV in Zambia and assessed these against global policy recommendations (N = 6) of which Zambia is a signatory. We mapped the content of national policies using the World Health Organization’s (WHO) health systems framework.
Results
The Zambian policies are consistent with global recommendations for health service delivery for ALHIV - including psychosocial support, peer support, mental health services, and sexual and reproductive health education. Further the country’s health legislation advocates for a change in the age of consent for health services and comprehensive sexual education in schools, as globally recommended. However, there is lack of intentional inclusion of adolescents, caregivers and community stakeholders in policy development in Zambia. With respect to health financing, the national policies promote the integration of HIV financing with other health financing mechanisms but lack dedicated funding for adolescent HIV services and advocacy for health insurance tailored to their needs. Community involvement is emphasized through youth advisory boards, training and support groups, but high-level engagement in program design is lacking.
Conclusions
Zambian health policies and guidelines align with global recommendations to optimize health service delivery for ALHIV in four of the six WHO Health Systems building blocks. However, significant gaps remain in areas such as health legislation, financing and community engagement.
Analysis of seepage-damage coupling in Shield tunnel concrete lining under high hydraulic pressure
Authors: Xiao Zhirong , Wang Jingyu , Zhou Hanyang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Under high hydraulic pressure, the seepage field has a significant effect on the damage to shield tunnel concrete linings, leading to reduced safety during operation. In this paper, a seepage-damage coupling model is established using ABAQUS to analyze the mechanical properties of the lining structure under high hydraulic pressure, revealing the process of damage-seepage-stress and deformation changing-damage aggravating-seepage aggravating in the lining. The simulation results demonstrate that the stress and deformation will increase, the magnitude and extent of the damage of segments will enlarge because of coupling of seepage and damage when the damage occurs in the exterior of the lining. The disadvantageous effects on the lining need to be considered because of coupling of seepage and damage.
Multi-Sensor Distributed Fusion based on cross-location for passive tracking
Authors: Xu Zhiqi , Guo Yunfei , Kuang Yu , Chen Yun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

To solve the problem of passive multi-sensor tracking in clutter, a distributed fusion algorithm based on trajectory integral distance and pseudo-measurement is proposed. First, a twofold Gaussian mixture model is used to quantize the target measurement signal, and achieve a more accurate estimate of the initial target state. The labelled multi-Bernoulli filter is employed in adjusting the number of tracking targets and getting single-sensor tracks. Subsequently, in the fusion center, a track-to-track association method based on global nearest-neighbour is employed. Trajectory integration distance is utilized to improve association performances. A maximum-likelihood Cross-location track-to-track fusion strategy using pseudo-measurement transformation is proposed to enhance fusion accuracy in passive scenarios. Simulation results verify the performance of the proposed distributed fusion method.
From Subtle to Severe: Multiple Mechanisms Impair POLE and POLD1 Function leading to Distinct Effects on Mutation Rates
Authors: Dayan Dana , Ladany Hagay , Glaser Fabian , Foulkes William D. , Maruvka Yosef E. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
POLE and POLD1 are DNA polymerase proteins crucial for maintaining genome integrity during replication. While several drivers leading to POLE and POLD1 proofreading deficiency (PPD) have been identified, the complete set of variants causing PPD is not fully established. This study aims to identify new variants that contribute to PPD by analyzing a large dataset of sequenced tumors.
Methods
We analyzed 204,453 tumors to identify variants associated with POLE and POLD1 proofreading deficiency after extensive filtering and normalizing of the different datasets. Using the support vector machine algorithm, we classified variants as either drivers or non-drivers of PPD based on the number of mutations and mutational signature activity. A saturation analysis was performed to determine the completeness of the identified variants.
Results
We identified 46 somatic driver variants, compared to only 17 known driver variants, thus more than doubling the current catalog of mutations linked to PPD. This extensive dataset enabled us to characterize the clinical features of PPD tumors, noting a male bias and younger age at diagnosis compared to non-PPD tumors. Different driver variants led to distinct phenotypes in mutational patterns and subsequent mutated genes.