bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Matthew Schoffeleers (1928-2011)
Authors: van Binsbergen Wim M.J. 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
An obituary of Matthew Schoffeleers, a leading Dutch anthropologist of Malawi and of African religion, presenting his life, his work (under the headings of: religious anthropology; historicising anthropology; African religion and the state; religion and development; African religion and Christian theology), and a provisional appraisal.
Introduction: The Poetics of the Eruv
Authors: Olin Margaret 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
The eruv is a talmudic provision that permits orthodox Jews to carry small objects outside of their homes on the Sabbath, a practice that would otherwise be forbidden on that day. Often intended to be visible, it is marked in a variety of ways with a range of materials, and frequently serves as a metaphor for relations within a community, as suggested in the articles and works of art included in the symposium and portfolio to which this essay serves as an introduction.
Imaginary Space meets Actual Space in Thirteenth-Century Cologne: Eliezer Ben Joel and the Eruv
Authors: Perry Micha J. 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Eliezer Ben Joel ha-Levi’s Laws of Eruv, a crucial text in the medieval history of the eruv, redefines ancient definitions of space to fit that of a medieval town. It uses talmudic terminology to describe medieval reality; it reinterprets this terminology to fit this reality; and rules in a way that enables the whole Jewish quarter to be seen as one private space. This ruling shows that in medieval Europe the eruv was redefined to encompass the entire Jewish neighborhood. Thus, predating the walled Jewish quarter and Ghettos, the Jews defined their habitats in the town as a close (although not yet an exclusive) Jewish space, and created a city within a city: a Jewish one within the Christian one. This phenomenon corresponds to the rise of the “community” as the boundary line of Jewish identity.
Description of a new, possibly extinct, species of flightless Trox F. (Coleoptera: Trogidae) from South Africa
Authors: Scholtz Clarke H. , Strümpher Werner P. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA new species, which may already be extinct, of flightless Trox, T. youngai sp.n., is described based on specimens collected 30 years ago from a now severely transformed area in South Africa. It is one of seven members of the natalensis-group of Trox species. All have very localised distributions in small fragments of once considerably larger habitats along the greater eastern escarpment and the coastal edge of southern Africa. is description brings the total number of endemic flightless Trox in the region to 14. A key to the species in the natalensis-group is provided. Furthermore, pronotal and elytral features of diagnostic value are tabulated to aid in the identification of members of this group. All species are illustrated by photographs of habitus and male aedeagi. A map is provided showing the distributions for each of them.
A locus-specific database for mutations in GDAP1 allows analysis of genotype-phenotype correlations in Charcot-Marie-Tooth diseases type 4A and 2K
Authors: Cassereau Julien , Chevrollier Arnaud , Bonneau Dominique , Verny Christophe , Procaccio Vincent , Reynier Pascal , Ferré Marc 
Published: December 2011

Abstract

Background
The ganglioside-induced differentiation-associated protein 1 gene (GDAP1), which is involved in the Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT), the most commonly inherited peripheral neuropathy, encodes a protein anchored to the mitochondrial outer membrane. The phenotypic presentations of patients carrying GDAP1 mutations are heterogeneous, making it difficult to determine genotype-phenotype correlations, since the majority of the mutations have been found in only a few unrelated patients. Locus-specific databases (LSDB) established in the framework of the Human Variome Project provide powerful tools for the investigation of such rare diseases.

Methods and Results
We report the development of a publicly accessible LSDB for the GDAP1 gene. The GDAP1 LSDB has adopted the Leiden Open-source Variation Database (LOVD) software platform. This database, which now contains 57 unique variants reported in 179 cases of CMT, offers a detailed description of the molecular, clinical and electrophysiological data of the patients. The usefulness of the GDAP1 database is illustrated by the finding that GDAP1 mutations lead to primary axonal damage in CMT, with secondary demyelination in the more severe cases of the disease.

Conclusion
Findings of this nature should lead to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of CMT. Finally, the GDAP1 LSDB, which is part of the mitodyn.org portal of databases of genes incriminated in disorders involving mitochondrial dynamics and bioenergetics, should yield new insights into mitochondrial diseases.
The Self-activated Luminescence Properties of Blue-emitting Sr9Ga(PO4)7
Authors: Du Fuping , Huang Yanlin , Kim Sun Il , Seo Hyo Jin 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
The photoluminescence excitation and emission spectra of Sr9Ga(PO4)7 were investigated. This phosphor can be efficiently excited by VUV–UV light and X-ray irradiation and presents bright blue luminescence. The excitation and emission spectra of Sr9Ga(PO4)7 were compared with those of ZnGa2O4 and Eu2+-doped (10 mol %) BaMgAl10O17. Under the same conditions, the light yield of X-ray excited luminescence of Sr9Ga(PO4)7 is about 57% as large as that of scintillation crystal Bi4Ge3O12. The luminescence is suggested to be from the self-activation center of the octahedral Ga–O groups in the Sr9Ga(PO4)7 lattices.
Evidence of Local Heating of Catalyst during Soot Oxidation
Authors: Nanba Tetsuya , Masukawa Shoichi , Abe Akira , Uchisawa Junko , Obuchi Akira 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
During carbon black oxidation over Ag catalyst, the local temperature of the catalyst surface reached more than 1073 K, although observed oxidation peaks were around 650 and 750 K.
The Convenient and Useful Esterification of Bulky Tertiary Alcohols Using Strontium Compounds
Authors: Miyoshi Norikazu , Asaoka Masashi , Miyazaki Yasuaki , Tajima Takahiro , Kikuchi Makoto , Wada Makoto 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Various esters reacted with metallic strontium and alkyl iodides to give dialkylated products, followed by adding acid chlorides or acid anhydrides to afford the corresponding bulky tert-alcohol esters in good yields.
Convenient Peptide Synthesis without Protection of C-Terminals
Authors: Noguchi Takuya , Tehara Naoka , Uesugi Yuki , Jung Seunghee , Imai Nobuyuki 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Condensation of carboxylic acids 1 and 5 with unprotected α-amino acids 2 via activation by ethyl chloroformate and triethylamine proceeded effectively to afford the corresponding amides in 50–99% yields. Tripeptide 7c was obtained in 42% yield from the dipeptide 6c in a similar manner.
End-tether Structure of DNA Alters Electron-transfer Pathway of Redox-labeled Oligo-DNA Duplex at Electrode Surface
Authors: Mie Yasuhiro , Kojima Naoshi , Kowata Keiko , Komatsu Yasuo 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
We prepared Nile Blue (NB)-modified 17-mer DNA duplexes with thiol/disulfide end tethers for immobilization onto gold electrodes to understand the effect of the tether structure of DNA on its electron-transfer (ET) reactions. The longer thiol tether allowed electron transfer between the NB and the electrode through the DNA duplex, whereas the direct ET pathway became predominant in the shorter disulfide tether. Importantly, the insertion of a spacer chain into the disulfide tether changed the direct ET pathway to a through-DNA pathway.
Two-step Changes in Luminescence Color of Pt(II) Complex Bearing an Amide Moiety by Mechano- and Vapochromism
Authors: Choi Seong Jib , Kuwabara Junpei , Nishimura Yoshinobu , Arai Tatsuo , Kanbara Takaki 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
A pincer Pt(II) complex with amide groups was investigated with respect to the change in their luminescence color in solid state. The Pt(II) complex exhibited mechanochromic behavior, changing from green to orange upon grinding. In addition, the orange luminescence changed to yellow via vapochromism.
A Revisit to Molecular Orbitals in H2+, LiH, HF, and Hybridization
Authors: Nagaoka Shin-ichi , Teramae Hiroyuki , Nagashima Umpei 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
We have drawn three-dimensional contour plots of H2+ molecular orbitals and carbon hybrid orbitals according to explanations given in quantum chemistry textbooks and have also performed ab initio molecular orbital calculations of LiH and HF. Some contour representations and molecular orbital energy-level diagrams thus obtained are not consistent with the figures adopted in the textbooks. It is considered that the usual explanations for the molecular orbitals of H2+, LiH, HF, and hybridization in the conventional textbooks are liable to misunderstanding.
Bridging the Research-to-Practice Gap: A Review of the Literature Focusing on Inclusive Education
Authors: Grima-Farrell Christine R. , Bain Alan , McDonagh Sarah H. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDespite advances in our knowledge of evidence-based inclusive educational practice, much of this knowledge does not reach routine classroom practice. There remains a significant gap between our accumulated knowledge about what can work in classrooms and the extent to which evidence-based practice is used in sustainable ways. This inability to bridge the research-to-practice gap has an adverse effect on the progress of inclusion in schools and the ability of individual teachers to respond to the needs of all students. This review examines those factors that both enable and interfere with the successful translation of research to practice in education settings.
Your Voice Counts: Listening to the Voice of High School Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Saggers Beth , Hwang Yoon-Suk , Mercer K. Louise 
Published: December 2011

AbstractSupporting students with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in inclusive settings presents both opportunities and significant challenges to school communities. This study, which explored the lived experience of nine students with ASD in an inclusive high school in Australia, is based on the belief that by listening to the voices of students, school communities will be in a better position to collaboratively create supportive learning and social environments. The findings of this small-scale study deepen our knowledge from the student perspective of the inclusive educational practices that facilitate and constrain the learning and participation of students with ASD. The students' perspectives were examined in relation to the characteristics of successful inclusive schools identified by Kluth (2003). Implications for inclusive educational practice that meets the needs of students with ASD are presented.
Sustainable Use of Oil Sands for Geotechnical Construction and Road Building
Authors: Anochie-Boateng Joseph , Tutumluer Erol 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Oil sands are natural deposits of bituminous sand materials that are mined and processed for crude oil. They are routinely used in oil sand fields for building temporary and sometimes permanent roads serving mining and hauling activities. Although the principal application of these materials for road building has been in the unbound layers of the pavement structure, the full benefits of oil sands, particularly their sustainability and environmental friendliness, are yet to be realized. In their natural state, oil sands have similarities to cold mix asphalt mixtures which are often comprised of uniformly graded fine to medium sands and used for pavement repair and patching applications. Yet, they may exhibit complex stress dependent characteristics and viscoelastic and plastic behavior under dynamic loading of mining and off-road construction equipment. This paper presents findings from a comprehensive laboratory research program conducted on three types of oil sand materials with the main goal to characterize their engineering behavior. The research efforts focused on establishing a suite of tests to determine strength, modulus, and deformation characteristics under realistic traffic loading and climatic conditions. The developed suite of tests established essential trends in oil sand behavior for developing laboratory guidelines and test protocols and typical material characterization models for their sustainable use in geotechnical and road building applications.
Human Rhinoviruses in Severe Respiratory Disease in Very Low Birth Weight Infants
Authors: Miller E. Kathryn , Bugna Jimena , Libster Romina , Shepherd Bryan E. , Scalzo Paula M. , Acosta Patricio L. , Hijano Diego , Reynoso Natalia , Batalle Juan P. , Coviello Silvina , Klein M. Ines , Bauer Gabriela , Benitez Alicia , Kleeberger Steven R. , Polack Fernando P. 
Published: December 2011

Objectives:
To assess incidence, burden of illness, and risk factors for human rhinoviruses (HRVs) in a cohort of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.

Methods:
A 2-year prospective cohort study was conducted among VLBW premature infants in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Infants were enrolled in the NICU from June 1, 2003, to May 31, 2005, and managed monthly and with every acute respiratory illness (ARI) during the first year of life. Nasal wash samples were obtained during every respiratory episode and tested for HRV, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human parainfluenza viruses, influenza viruses, and human metapneumovirus using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.

Results:
Of 119 patients, 66 (55%) had HRV-associated ARIs. The incidence of HRV-associated ARI was 123 events per 100 child-years of follow-up. Of those infants experiencing an episode of bronchiolitis, 40% had HRV versus 7% with RSV. The incidence of HRV-associated bronchiolitis was 75 per 100 infant-years of follow-up. HRV was associated with 12 of 36 hospitalizations (33%), and RSV was associated with 9 of 36 hospitalizations (25%). The incidence of HRV-associated hospitalization was 12 per 100 infant-years of follow-up. The risk of HRV-associated hospitalization was higher for infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and those who were not breastfed.

Conclusions:
HRV is an important and frequent pathogen associated with severe respiratory infections in VLBW infants. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and the absence of breastfeeding are risk factors for hospitalization. The results of our study reveal that HRV is the predominant pathogen of respiratory infections in premature infants.
Neuropathogenesis of Noonan syndrome is mediated by inflammatory microglia
Authors: Antony Joseph 
Published: December 2011

AbstractMicroglia are resident hematopoietic cells that play important roles in the damaged or degenerating adult nervous system. Microglia are involved in neuropathogenesis of various diseases. Microglia are also essential for neuroprotection and comprise an essential component of the neural stem cell niche. The activation of microglia is an important phenomenon associated with several neurological disorders that arise from infections to developmental abnormalities and behavioral pathologies. Noonan syndrome (NS) is associated with mutations in the PTPN11 gene and also accounts for mental retardation in children. Interestingly, in mouse models of NS, mutations in the PTPN11 gene resulted in dysregulation of neural progenitors. The present study describes the activation of microglia in the NS mouse model, which results in an inflammatory phenotype with expression of IL-1b and defective phagocytosis. To test whether microglia from NS mice are important for neural precursor maintenance or self-renewal, embryonic neural precursors from the cortex of WT mice were cultured. Microglia from NS and WT mice were then added to cortical precursor cells which showed that microglia from NS mice inhibited astrogenesis. Together, these results demonstrate that microglia can dysregulate neural precursor development in NS, and suggest that alterations in microglial number as a consequence of genetic or pathological events may perturb neural development by directly affecting embryonic neural precursors.
Quantitative RT-PCR analyses of five evolutionary conserved genes in Alligator brains during development
Authors: Wilson Sarah , Zhu Tianli , Khanna Rajesh , Pritz Michael 
Published: December 2011

AbstractGene expression was investigated in the major brain subdivisions (telencephalon, diencephalon, midbrain and hindbrain) in a representative reptile, Alligator mississipiensis, during the later stages of embryonic development. The following genes were examined: voltage-gated sodium channel isoforms: NaV1.1 and NaV1.2; synaptic vesicle 2a (SV2a); synaptophysin; and calbindin 2. With the exception of synaptophysin, which was only expressed in the telencephalon, all genes were expressed in all brain regions sampled at the time periods examined. For NaV1.1, gene expression varied according to brain area sampled. When compared with NaV1.1, the pattern of NaV1.2 gene expression differed appreciably. The gene expression of SV2a was the most robust of any of the genes examined. Of the other genes examined, although differences were noted, no statistically significant changes were found either between brain part or time interval. Although limited, the present analysis is the first quantitative mRNA gene expression study in any reptile during development. Together with future experiments of a similar nature, the present gene expression results should determine which genes are expressed in major brain areas at which times during development in Alligator. When compared with other amniotes, these results will prove useful for determining how gene expression during development influences adult brain structure.
From the periphery to the brain: Wiring the olfactory system
Authors: Blanchart Albert , López-Mascaraque Laura 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe olfactory system represents a perfect model to study the interactions between the central and peripheral nervous systems in order to establish a neural circuit during early embryonic development. In addition, another important feature of this system is the capability to integrate new cells generated in two neurogenic zones: the olfactory epithelium in the periphery and the wall of the lateral ventricles in the CNS, both during development and adulthood. In all these processes the combination and sequence of specific molecular signals plays a critical role in the wiring of the olfactory axons, as well as the precise location of the incoming cell populations to the olfactory bulb. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent insights into the cellular and molecular events that dictate cell settling position and axonal trajectories from their origin in the olfactory placode to the formation of synapses in the olfactory bulb to ensure rapid and reliable transmission of olfactory information from the nose to the brain.
Translati onal challenges of neuroprotection strategy in ischemic stroke
Authors: Budincevic Hrvoje , Bielen Ivan , Csiba Laszlo 
Published: December 2011

AbstractNeuroprotection is a therapeutic strategy that attempts to save neurons from irreversible injury by modifying the effects of the ischemic cascade or facilitating reperfusion. Although numerous agents have shown neuroprotective effect in preclinical trials, their translation to clinical trials failed to show any meaningful effect. The Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable (STAIR) guidelines were made for performing research on neuroprotective agents in pre-clinical and clinical trials. Although the STAIR guidelines have been available for more than ten years, we still do not have any adequate neuroprotective agents. Reasons for unsuccessful translation from preclinical to clinical research can be considered along stages of drug development: 1) preclinical, 2) transitional and 3) clinical. By extending the therapeutic window for application of intravenous thrombolysis in acute stroke patients to 4.5 hours, as well as increasing the use intra-arterial thrombolysis and development of mechanical devices for thrombectomy in 6 hour period we may be able to achieve some degree of neuroprotection in acute stroke. Future therapy is likely to add to the current thrombolytic therapy with potential neuroprotective drugs or procedures.
The cellular prion protein in multiple sclerosis: A potential target for neurotherapeutics?
Authors: Antony Joseph 
Published: December 2011

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating disease that affects millions. There is no known cure for the disease and neither is the cause of the disease known. Recent studies have indicated that it is a multi-factorial disease with several genes involved. Importantly, sunlight and vitamin D have been implicated in the progression of the disease. The pathogenesis of MS chiefly involves loss of oligodendrocytes, which in addition to being killed by inflammatory mediators in the CNS, also succumbs to loss of trophic support from astrocytes. Neurotrophins play an important role in myelination and the cellular prion protein (PrPC) is a key player in this process. Although the physiological roles of PrPC remain to be fully understood, increasing evidence suggests multiple roles for PrPC in regulation of cellular immunity and for its interaction with several neurotrophins that are necessary for homeostasis of the nervous system. This mini-review focuses on the findings establishing a crucial role for PrPC in the neuropathogenesis of MS, emphasizing its neuroprotective role. Since MS is a multi-factorial disease with unknown etiology and no cure, this review aims to highlight endogenous repair mechanisms mediated by PrPC that might contribute to functional recovery in MS patients.
Potamozooplankton communities in three different outlets from mesotrophic lakes located in lake-river system
Authors: Czerniawski Robert , Domagała Józef 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Qualitative and quantitative composition of potamozooplankton was studied in three outlets from mesotrophic lakes. The greatest taxonomic and quantitative similarity of zooplankton occurred between the outflows of the second and third lake, located in the lake-river system. The farther the lake was located in the lake-river system, the greater was the quantity of zooplankton in the outflow. Within a short distance between the outflow and the downstream section, there was a strong reduction of cladocerans’ communities, followed by copepods, while the communities of rotifers were reduced in relatively small quantities. The hydrological conditions and transparency had a strong impact on the rate of changes in the zooplankton community.