bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a noninvasive olfactory stimulation fMRI system in marmosets
Authors: Yurimoto Terumi , Seki Fumiko , Yamada Akihiro , Okajima Junnosuke , Yambe Tomoyuki , Takewa Yoshiaki , Kamioka Michiko , Inoue Takashi , Inoue Yusuke , Sasaki Erika 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Olfactory dysfunction is associated with aging and the earliest stages of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases; it is thought to be an early biomarker of cognitive decline. In marmosets, a small non-human primate model used in brain research, olfactory pathway activity during olfactory stimulation has not been well studied because of the difficulty in clearly switching olfactory stimuli inside a narrow MRI. Here, we developed an olfactory-stimulated fMRI system using a small-aperture MRI machine.
The olfactory presentation system consisted of two tubes, one for supply and one for suction of olfactory stimulants and a balloon valve. A balloon valve installed in the air supply tube controlled the presentation of the olfactory stimulant, which enabled sharp olfactory stimulation within MRI, such as 30 seconds of stimulation repeated five times at five-minute intervals. The olfactory stimulation system was validated in vivo and in a simulated system. fMRI analysis showed a rapid increase in signal values within 30 s of olfactory stimulation in eight regions related to the sense of smell. As these regions include those associated with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, olfactory stimulation fMRI may be useful in clarifying the relationship between olfactory dysfunction and dementia in non-human primates.
Analysis of optical coherence tomography biomarker probability detection in central serous chorioretinopathy by using an artificial intelligence-based biomarker detector
Authors: Desideri Lorenzo Ferro , Anguita Rodrigo , Berger Lieselotte E , Feenstra Helena M A , Scandella Davide , Sznitman Raphael , Boon Camiel , Dijk Elon Van , Zinkernagel Martin S 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Aim: To adopt a novel artificial intelligence (AI) optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based program to identify the presence of biomarkers associated with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and whether these can differentiate between acute and chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (aCSC and cCSC).
Methods: Multicenter, observational study with a retrospective design enrolling treatment-naïve patients with aCSC and cCSC. The diagnosis of aCSC and cCSC was established with multimodal imaging and for the current study subsequent follow-up visits were also considered. Baseline OCTs were analyzed by an AI-based platform (Discovery® OCT Fluid and Biomarker Detector, RetinAI AG, Switzerland). This software allows to detect several different biomarkers in each single OCT scan, including subretinal fluid (SRF), intraretinal fluid (IRF), hyperreflective foci (HF) and flat irregular pigment epithelium detachment (FIPED). The presence of SRF was considered as a necessary inclusion criterion for performing biomarker analysis and OCT slabs without SRF presence were excluded from the analysis.
Results: Overall, 160 eyes of 144 patients with CSC were enrolled, out of which 100 (62.5%) eyes were diagnosed with cCSC and 60 eyes (34.5%) with aCSC. In the OCT slabs showing presence of SRF the presence of biomarkers was found to be clinically relevant (> 50%) for HF and FIPED in aCSC and cCSC. HF had an average percentage of 81% (± 20) in the cCSC group and 81% (± 15) in the aCSC group (p=0.4295) and FIPED had a mean percentage of 88% (± 18) in cCSC vs 89% (± 15) in the aCSC (p=0.3197).
Conclusion: We demonstrate that HF and FIPED are OCT biomarkers positively associated with CSC when present at baseline. While both HF and FIPED biomarkers could aid in CSC diagnosis, they could not distinguish between aCSC and cCSC at the first visit. AI-assisted biomarker detection shows promise for reducing invasive imaging needs, but further validation through longitudinal studies is needed.
Quantifying tumor morphological complexity based on pretreatment MRI fractal analysis for predicting pathologic complete response and survival in breast cancer: a retrospective, multicenter study
Authors: Huang Yao , Cao Ying , Chen Huifang , Lan Xiaosong , Tang Sun , Zhang Zhitao , Yin Ting , Wang Xiaoxia , Zhang Jiuquan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: The tumor morphological complexity is closely associated with treatment response and prognosis in patients with breast cancer. However, conveniently quantifiable tumor morphological complexity methods are currently lacking.
Methods: Women with breast cancer who underwent NAC and pretreatment MRI were retrospectively enrolled at four centers from May 2010 to April 2023. MRI-based fractal analysis was used to calculate fractal dimensions (FDs), quantifying tumor morphological complexity. Features associated with pCR were identified using multivariable logistic regression analysis, upon which a nomogram model was developed, and assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to identify independent prognostic factors for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) and develop nomogram models.
Results: A total of 1109 patients (median age, 49 years [IQR, 43-54 years]) were enrolled; 435, 351, and 323 patients were recruited in the training, external validation cohorts 1 and 2, respectively. HR status (odds ratio [OR], 0.234 [0.135, 0.406]; P< 0.001), HER2 status (OR, 3.320 [1.923, 5.729]; P < 0.001), and Global FD (OR, 0.352 [0.261, 0.480]; P < 0.001) were independent predictors of pCR. The nomogram model for predicting pCR achieved AUCs of 0.80 (95% CI: 0.75, 0.86) and 0.74 (95% CI: 0.68, 0.79) in the external validation cohorts. The nomogram model, which integrated global FD and clinicopathological variables can stratify prognosis into low-risk and high-risk groups (log-rank test, DFS: P = 0.04; OS: P < 0.001).
Conclusions: Global FD can quantify tumor morphological complexity and the model that combines global FD and clinicopathological variables showed good performance in predicting pCR to NAC and survival in patients with breast cancer.
Effectiveness Analysis of Clinical Pharmacists-Led Medication Therapy of Refined Management Mode:Antibiotics Administration
Authors: Li Yue , Liu Yue , Zhu Riran , Ju Jianfeng , Wang Ying , Huang Chao , Ma Chuanjiang , Wang Jingyi , Guo Li , Chu Zhijie , Zan Xiaoling , Feng Haixia , Liu xiaoqian , Liu Qun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective: The effectiveness of clinical pharmacists was explored in regulating the application of antibiotics, promoting rational drug use and reducing antibiotics use density (AUD) by the refined management strategy of antibiotics.
Methods: We compared and analyzed the improvement of related indexes of antibiotics and the unreasonable application of antibiotics before and after the implementation of the program,with the help of the refined management mode
Results: From 2018 to 2021, the clinical indicators of antibiotics use at our hospital showed an overall downward trend. The utilization rate of antibiotics and the AUD in inpatients gradually decreased by 12.88% and 22.44% respectively, and the rate of microbial examination increased by 39.81%. Compared the changes in indicators, it was found that the cost of antibiotics decreased significantly. PDCA was used to improve rationality of antibiotics prophylactic use in orthopedic cases. In the evaluation of rational drug use, there was a decrease in the irrational application of antibiotics and in the proportion of preventive drug use in class I incision surgery.
Conclusion: The participation of clinical pharmacists in the refined management of antibiotics can reduce AUD and the drug costs of patients, and promote the rational application of antibiotics simultaneously.
Development and validation of a risk prediction model for motoric cognitive risk syndrome in older adults
Authors: Li Ya-Qin , Huang Yu-Ting , Wei Fang-xin , Li Tan-Jian , Wang Yu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to develop a risk prediction model for motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) in older adults.
Methods: Participants were selected from the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study database and randomly assigned to the training group and the validation group, with proportions of 70% and 30%, respectively. LASSO regression analysis was used to screen the predictors. Then, identified predictors were included in multivariate logistic regression analysis and used to construct model nomogram. The performance of the model was evaluated by area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), calibration curves and decision curve analysis (DCA).
Results: 528 out of 3962 participants (13.3%) developed MCR. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that weakness, chronic pain, limb dysfunction score, visual acuity score and Five-Times-Sit-To-Stand test were predictors of MCR in older adults. Using these factors, a nomogram model was constructed. The AUC values for the training and validation sets of the predictive model were 0.735 (95% CI= 0.708-0.763) and 0.745 (95% CI= 0.705-0.785), respectively.
Conclusion: The nomogram constructed in this study is a useful tool for assessing the risk of MCR in older adults, which can help clinicians identify individuals at high risk.
A ventriculoperitoneal shunt induced chorea: A case report and review of the literature of movement disorders associated with shunt
Authors: Nayak Naren , Naikwade Nitin , Mahamuni Ashvini 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
Hemi-chorea following placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt in a patient with hydrocephalus is rare. This complication is often misdiagnosed, which delays treatment. Here we present a rare case of hemichorea following placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt and the literature on movement disorders associated with the CSF shunt.
Case presentation:
A 1.5-year-old male child B/B parents with chief complaints of multiple episodes of emesis and lethargy. Non-contrast CT is suggestive of hydrocephalus. The patient underwent a cerebrospinal fluid diversion procedure; a ventriculoperitoneal shunt was placed through a right occipital approach. After the procedure, he developed brief, abrupt, irregular, unpredictable, non-stereotyped choreo-athetotic movements of the left upper and lower limbs. These movements cause problems with feeding. Post operative-MRI scan of the brain showed the tip of the shunt abutted the medial aspect of the thalamus and caudate nucleus and diffuse foci of micro infracts involving the left caudate and putamen, as well as the right internal capsule and putamen, and the brain stem. Symptoms showed a good response to tablet aspirin.
Conclusion:
We report that hemichorea is an uncommon complication of ventriculo-peritonieal shunt.
placement. Neurosurgeons should know the early warning signs for focal deficits, including unilateral movement disorders, in patients with CSF diversion procedures, and postoperative MRIs also help in diagnosing the cause of movement disorders.
PER1 enhances vascular normalization in hepatocellular carcinoma facilitating HIF-1α nuclear translocation
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Fan Xingxing , Zhou Qing , Yi Chun , Feng Ting , Hu Yuxing , Mei Si , Tao Yiming , Tian Xuefei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Blood vessels play a significant role in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Emerging evidence suggests that dysregulation of the circadian clock gene, period 1 (PER1), is closely associated with HCC tumorigenesis. However, it remains unknown whether PER1 regulate the angiogenesis in HCC.
Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas data was utilized for bioinformatics analysis to evaluate the potential clinical significance of PER1. Western Blot (WB) was employed to detect expression of PER1 in tumors and adjacent tissues. Subcutaneous xenograft models were used to investigate the biological function of PER1. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical analysis, WB, RT-qPCR, and co-immunoprecipitation techniques were employed to elucidate the underlying mechanism of PER1.
Results: The expression of PER1 was significantly downregulated and exhibited a positive correlation with favorable clinicopathological characteristics in HCC patients. Overexpression of PER1 led to decreased cell proliferation and contributed to the maintenance of vascular normalization in nude mice. Conversely, silencing of PER1 resulted in the opposite effect. Mechanistically, PER1 orchestrated the balance between proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors by binding to HIF-1α, thereby promoting malignant tumor progression.
Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that the PER1/HIF-1α signaling axis plays a critical role in promoting vascular normalization in HCC by effectively balancing proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors.
Estimating Financial Flood Damages in Residential and Commercial Regions: A Global Depth-Damage Approach
Authors: Azizian Asghar , Koohi Sakine , Najafi Mohammad Saeid , Arrighi Chiara 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The increasing frequency of floods in recent decades has highlighted the pressing need for effective flood management to mitigate damages. Precisely identifying flood-prone areas and quantifying flood damage is of utmost importance, especially in developing countries. In the current study, a 2D hydraulic modeling approach using HEC-RAS is adopted to simulate flood characteristics and flooded area. This research centered around 2 objectives: (1) the development of a regional model for estimating flood damage in residential and commercial zones; (2) the assessment of global depth-damage functions in a western region of Iran. The findings indicated a strong correlation (correlation coefﬁcient > 0.81) between modeled and observed damage losses in residential, commercial and agricultural areas. In situations where observational data were lacking, the Asia and Global depth-damage curves proved to be valuable tools for estimating flood damages in these areas. Furthermore, the evaluation of methods for converting relative damage into monetary value demonstrated that incorporating spatial variations in building size significantly reduced the error in damage estimation caused by floods, by approximately 77%. Although, the use of the reconstruction/renovation cost coefficient tended to underestimate damages in areas with depths exceeding one meter, it showed acceptable performance in estimating flood damages for depths below one meter (absolute relative error = 7.1%). In summary, the Asia and Global depth-damage curves can serve as suitable functions for estimating economic losses in floods, especially in data-limited areas or regions lacking standardized damage functions like Iran. This can provide more reliable estimates of flood damages and aid in better flood management strategies, thereby contributing to improved disaster preparedness and response.
Prophylactic Intervention for Relapse after Allogeneic Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation Improve the Survival of adult patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome based on IPSS-M stratification
Authors: Song Xianmin , Huixian Wu , Shuang Li , Yang Jun , Cai Yu , Qiu Huiying , Huang Chongmei , Tong Yin , Zhou Kun , Niu Jiahua , Xia Xinxin , Zhang Ying , Xiaowei Xu , Shen Chang , Baoxia Dong , Wan Liping 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation represents a curative modality for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), yet relapse risk persists. The prognostic performances of the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R) and the Molecular International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-M) for 129 MDS patients undergoing allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (allo-PBSCT) were evaluated. Using IPSS-M, 29.5% of patients were reclassified to a higher risk and 14.0% to a lower risk compared to IPSS-R. The two-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) post-transplant were similar across IPSS-R groups, but significantly lower in the very-high risk category with IPSS-M (P=0.005 for RFS; P=0.014 for OS). Multivariate analysis revealed that patient age (P=0.008), very-high risk in IPSS-M (P=0.002), Karnofsky Performance Status score (P=0.003), and Grade 3-4 acute graft-versus-host disease (P=0.014) were independent factors for OS and RFS. Only very-high risk category in IPSS-M was the independent factor affecting cumulative incidence of relapse (P=0.003). Prophylactic interventions for relapse significantly decreased the risk of relapse (P=0.003) and increased the survival of patients in the very-high risk category (P=0.002 for OS, P=0.006 for RFS). The study suggested that the IPSS-M system could identify the high relapse risk patients post-transplant who may benefit from early prophylactic interventions.
Combining computer vision with the convolutional neural network to quantitatively analyse of the astaxanthin isomers in Antarctic krill meal
Authors: Zhang Quantong , Zheng Yao , Yang Liu , Zhang Shuaishuai , Guo Quanyou 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In this study, computer vision and deep learning was combined to develop a rapid method for quantifying the astaxanthin isomer content in krill meal. A total of 310 Antarctic krill meal samples were collected and their astaxanthin isomer content was determined as observed values using high-performance liquid chromatography. A computer vision system was then used to acquire images of the krill meal samples, which were subsequently preprocessed and fed into a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to establish a predictive model; its performance was compared with that of a feature-based artificial neural networks model. The results showed that the 13-cistrine (13-Cis) astaxanthin, all-trans astaxanthin, and 9-cistrine (9-Cis) astaxanthin content were distributed in the range of 0–2.05 mg/kg, 0.09–62.97 mg/kg, and 0–7.58 mg/kg, respectively. For the test set, CNN achieved an R2 of 0.96 in predicting all-trans astaxanthin and an R2 of 0.88 for 9-Cis astaxanthin. In out-of-sample validation, the CNN achieved mean relative errors of 5.20% and 11.35% for all-trans and 9-Cis astaxanthin, respectively. In conclusion, computer vision combined with CNN offers an efficient, precise, and non-destructive technique for quantitatively analysing astaxanthin isomers in krill meal.
In vitro Neutralization Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Specific IgG Against Delta and Omicron Variants of COVID-19 Virus Using Vero E6 Cells
Authors: Purwati Purwati , Ertanti Nora , Karsari Deya , Dinaryanti Aristika , Hendrianto Eryk , Ihsan Igo Syaiful , Ardiana Asa , Nurdiyati Nanis , Wahyuni Afrinda Dwi , Permanasari Adita Ayu , Nurwito Bagus Satrio , Shimizu Kazufumi , Nastri Aldise Mareta , Lusida Maria Inge , Miatmoko Andang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study aims to evaluate SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG (Immunoglobulin G) isolated from post inactive patients as passive immunization candidates.
Patients and methods:
Toxicity testing and virus neutralization parameters. IgG doses of 20, 40, and 60 µg/mL were tested for 3 and 6 days using CPE analysis, viral load, and immunocytochemistry.
Results
Following a 3-days incubation period, the Delta and Omicron variants caused similar levels of damage at 10–20%. However, after 6 days, the CPE (Cytopathic Effect) scoring of the Delta and Omicron variants increased by 70–80% and 50–60%, respectively. The optimal dose for viral neutralization was found to be 40 µg/mL, as it could spread evenly on the actin filament cells, envelop the cells appropriately, and inhibit the virus binding process. The dose was able to reduce virus copy load by up to 26% and 9.63% in the Delta and Omicron variants.
Conclusion
Based on the viral neutralization parameters (Cytopathic Effect, SARS-CoV-2 viral copy load, and immunocytochemistry) showing that the replication process and virulence of the Delta variant were more severe in comparison to the Omicron variant.
International Migration and Age at Marriage of Male Workers: Evidence from Bangladesh
Authors: Das Narayan , Mozumder Tanvir Ahmed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:A substantial amount of literature shows that marriage is welfare increasing. Hence, international migration can affect welfare of migrants through their age at marriage. There is however limited evidence on the effect of the international migration of unskilled workers on their age at marriage.
Methods:Since migration is endogenously determined, I use the migration network as an instrument for migration. Migration and marriage can be joint events; hence, I estimate reduced form regressions instead of two-stage OLS.
Results:This paper estimates the effect of international migration of male workers on their age at marriage. Further I examine the effect of male migration on age at marriage of women. Results show that the migration of male workers decreases the probability of being married, suggesting that international migration increases age at marriage. Further, I find that male migration decreases the probability of being married of females. Results also show that male migration is likely to decrease early marriage among girls, a striking result because the rate of early marriage among girls is very high in Bangladesh.
Conclusions:There is only one paper that estimates the effect of international migration of low skilled workers on their age at marriage but that study uses a sample of G2G migrants. Our study address this data limitation and estimate the effect using data on migrants that emigrated through various channel. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge our paper is the first to examine the effect of male migration on age at marriage of females.