bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Anti-Modified Citrullinated Vimentin with Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Compared with Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide
Authors: El-BARBARY AMAL M. , KASSEM ELHAM M. , El-SERGANY MERVAT A.S. , ESSA SALWA A-M. , ELTOMEY MOHAMED A. 
Published: March 2011

Objective.To investigate anti-modified citrullinated vimentin (anti-MCV) in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA), including correlation with disease activity and cardiovascular risk factors, compared with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptides (anti-CCP3).Methods.Anti-MCV and anti-CCP3 concentrations were measured in 100 patients with early RA and 100 healthy controls at baseline to determine sensitivity and specificity. Patients received methotrexate (MTX) 0.2 mg/kg/week plus prednisone 10 mg/day. Anti-MCV, anti-CCP3, rheumatoid factor (RF), Disease Activity Score for 28 joints (DAS-28), lipid profile, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein assay (hsCRP), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) were measured before and after 12 months of treatment.Results.The sensitivity and specificity for anti-MCV antibody were 75% and 90%, respectively, and for anti-CCP3 antibody 71% and 96%. Serum anti-MCV and serum anti-CCP3 levels at baseline were positively correlated with hsCRP, IL-6, HOMA-IR index, serum RF levels (p < 0.001), and cIMT (p < 0.05). Serum anti-MCV was positively correlated with serum anti-CCP3 levels. There were significant positive correlations between the percentage of changes of anti-MCV levels versus changes in DAS-28, ESR, hsCRP, atherogenic ratios (TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C), apolipoprotein A-I, IL-6, TNF-α, HOMA-IR index, and cIMT. These correlations were not found between changes in anti-CCP3 levels compared to clinical, laboratory, and radiological variables.Conclusion.Anti-MCV was as sensitive as anti-CCP3 in diagnosing early RA. Anti-MCV testing appears to be useful for monitoring associated subclinical atherosclerosis in early RA.
High Levels of Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Autoantibodies Are Associated with Co-occurrence of Pulmonary Diseases with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: AUBART FLEUR , CRESTANI BRUNO , NICAISE-ROLAND PASCALE , TUBACH FLORENCE , BOLLET CAROLINE , DAWIDOWICZ KAREN , QUINTIN EMILIE , HAYEM GILLES , PALAZZO ELISABETH , MEYER OLIVIER , CHOLLET-MARTIN SYLVIE , DIEUDÉ PHILIPPE 
Published: March 2011

Objective.To investigate whether levels of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP2) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are associated with the co-occurrence of lung diseases.Methods.A total of 252 RA patients were included in a cross-sectional study. Pulmonary disease was confirmed by high-resolution chest computed tomography scan. Circulating anti-CCP2 were quantified using ELISA. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to identify independent risk factors for lung disease.Results.Male sex (OR 3.29, 95% CI 1.59–6.80) and high anti-CCP2 levels (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.25–1.78) were identified as independent risk factors for lung disease in the RA population.Conclusion.High anti-CCP2 levels are associated with lung disease in the RA population.
Definition of buried archaeological remains with a new 3D visualization technique of a ground‐penetrating radar data set in Temple Augustus in Ankara, Turkey
Authors: Kadioglu Selma 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTThe aim of this paper is to image particularly buried archaeological remains with a new technique for 3D display in the Temple of Augustus (Monumentum Ancyranum) relating to the Roman time, around and in Agora in the Ulus district of Ankara, Turkey. 2D ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) data were acquired on constant spaced parallel profiles in the study area. After data processing, a 3D data volume was built using a parallel 2D data set. The full data block was divided into sub‐data blocks in time. A weak amplitude range was made invisible with zero opaque by applying zero opacity to these values in the visualization. The arranged visible maximum amplitude range was enlarged or the amplitude scale was weighted with a constant coefficient, which was greater than one and smaller than two and had a decimal number, according to the time range. In this way, a transparent 3D image was obtained for determining buried remains according to the depth range. Interactive visualization was carried out by constructing sub‐blocks of the transparent 3D volume.The interactive transparent 3D visualization was provided to identify the archaeological remains on native locations with depth in a 3D volume. Very complex and deep wall structures were visualized with any depth range inside (cella) of the Temple of Augustus and a few very narrow cubic anomalies exceeding 4 m deep were determined at the East side of the temple. An excavation could not be carried out in the cella because of the sensitivity problem of the cella walls. However, excavations in front of the East wall of the temple encouraged the new 3D image results. In addition, a lot of iron clamps connecting wall marble stones were determined on a profile gathered on the East wall.
B Cells as a Therapeutic Target for IFN-β in Relapsing–Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Ramgolam Vinod S. , Sha Yonggang , Marcus Karen L. , Choudhary Neelima , Troiani Luigi , Chopra Manisha , Markovic-Plese Silva 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
IFN-β-1b is a first-line immunomodulatory therapy for relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RR MS). However, its effects on B cells have not been characterized. In vitro studies of B cells derived from RR MS patients revealed that IFN-β-1b decreases B cells’ stimulatory capacity, as detected by inhibition of the Ag-specific T cell proliferative response upon Ag presentation by IFN-β-1b–treated B cells. Our study has identified that IFN-β-1b inhibited B cells’ stimulatory capacity in RR MS patients and healthy controls through the suppression of CD40 and CD80 expression, whereas the MHC class I and II expression was not changed. IFN-β-1b in vitro treatment inhibited B cell secretion of IL-1β and IL-23 and induced IL-12 and IL-27. Supernatants transferred from IFN-β-1b–treated B cells inhibited Th17 cell differentiation, as they suppressed gene expression of the retinoic acid-related orphan nuclear hormone receptor C and IL-17A and secretion of IL-17A. In addition, IFN-β-1b induced B cells’ IL-10 secretion, which may mediate their regulatory effect. Studies of B cells derived from RR MS patients treated with recombinant s.c. injected IFN-β-1b revealed that they induced a significantly lower proliferative response in allogenic MLR than the B cells from untreated patients. Further confirming the IFN-β-1b in vitro-induced changes in B cell cytokine secretion, B cells derived from the IFN-β-1b–treated patients secreted significantly lower levels of IL-1β and IL-23 and higher levels of IL-12 and IL-27 in comparison with the B cells derived from untreated patients. We conclude that IFN-β-1b exerts its therapeutic effects in part by targeting B cells’ functions that contribute to the autoimmune pathogenesis of RR MS.
Angiopoietin 2 Stimulates TIE2-Expressing Monocytes To Suppress T Cell Activation and To Promote Regulatory T Cell Expansion
Authors: Coffelt Seth B. , Chen Yung-Yi , Muthana Munitta , Welford Abigail F. , Tal Andrea O. , Scholz Alexander , Plate Karl H. , Reiss Yvonne , Murdoch Craig , De Palma Michele , Lewis Claire E. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Angiopoietin 2 (ANGPT2) is a proangiogenic cytokine whose expression is often upregulated by endothelial cells in tumors. Expression of its receptor, TIE2, defines a highly proangiogenic subpopulation of myeloid cells in circulation and tumors called TIE2-expressing monocytes/macrophages (TEMs). Genetic depletion of TEMs markedly reduces tumor angiogenesis in various tumor models, emphasizing their essential role in driving tumor progression. Previously, we demonstrated that ANGPT2 augments the expression of various proangiogenic genes, the potent immunosuppressive cytokine, IL-10, and a chemokine for regulatory T cells (Tregs), CCL17 by TEMs in vitro. We now show that TEMs also express higher levels of IL-10 than TIE2− macrophages in tumors and that ANGPT2-stimulated release of IL-10 by TEMs suppresses T cell proliferation, increases the ratio of CD4+ T cells to CD8+ T cells, and promotes the expansion of CD4+CD25highFOXP3+ Tregs. Furthermore, syngeneic murine tumors expressing high levels of ANGPT2 contained not only high numbers of TEMs but also increased numbers of Tregs, whereas genetic depletion of tumor TEMs resulted in a marked reduction in the frequency of Tregs in tumors. Taken together, our data suggest that ANGPT2-stimulated TEMs represent a novel, potent immunosuppressive force in tumors.
Common Lymphatic Endothelial and Vascular Endothelial Receptor-1 Mediates the Transmigration of Regulatory T Cells across Human Hepatic Sinusoidal Endothelium
Authors: Shetty Shishir , Weston Christopher J. , Oo Ye H. , Westerlund Nina , Stamataki Zania , Youster Janine , Hubscher Stefan G. , Salmi Marko , Jalkanen Sirpa , Lalor Patricia F. , Adams David H. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
The common lymphatic endothelial and vascular endothelial receptor (CLEVER-1; also known as FEEL-1 and stabilin-1) is a recycling and intracellular trafficking receptor with multifunctional properties. In this study, we demonstrate increased endothelial expression of CLEVER-1/stabilin-1 at sites of leukocyte recruitment to the inflamed human liver including sinusoids, septal vessels, and lymphoid follicles in inflammatory liver disease and tumor-associated vessels in hepatocellular carcinoma. We used primary cultures of human hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells (HSEC) to demonstrate that CLEVER-1/stabilin-1 expression is enhanced by hepatocyte growth factor but not by classical proinflammatory cytokines. We then showed that CLEVER-1/stabilin-1 supports T cell transendothelial migration across HSEC under conditions of flow with strong preferential activity for CD4 FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). CLEVER-1/stabilin-1 inhibition reduced Treg transendothelial migration by 40% and when combined with blockade of ICAM-1 and vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) reduced it by &gt;80%. Confocal microscopy demonstrated that 60% of transmigrating Tregs underwent transcellular migration through HSEC via ICAM-1– and VAP-1–rich transcellular pores in close association with CLEVER-1/stabilin-1. Thus, CLEVER-1/stabilin-1 and VAP-1 may provide an organ-specific signal for Treg recruitment to the inflamed liver and to hepatocellular carcinoma.
Identification of a New Phenotype of Tolerogenic Human Dendritic Cells Induced by Fungal Proteases from Aspergillus oryzae
Authors: Zimmer Aline , Luce Sonia , Gaignier Fanny , Nony Emmanuel , Naveau Marie , Biola-Vidamment Armelle , Pallardy Marc , Van Overtvelt Laurence , Mascarell Laurent , Moingeon Philippe 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
We characterized a new pathway to induce tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs) following treatment of human monocyte-derived DCs with proteases from the fungus Aspergillus oryzae (ASP). ASP-treated DCs (ASP-DCs) exhibit a CD80−CD83−CD86−Ig-like transcript (ILT)2−ILT3−ILT4+ phenotype, do not secrete cytokines or chemokines, and express tolerogenic markers such as glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper, NO synthetase-2, retinaldehyde dehydrogenase-1 or retinaldehyde dehydrogenase-2. When cocultured with naive CD4+ T cells, ASP-DCs induce an anergic state that can be reversed by IL-2. Generated T cells mediate a suppressive activity in third-party experiments that is not mediated by soluble factors. A comparison between dexamethasone-treated DCs used as a reference for regulatory T cell-inducing DCs and ASP-DCs reveals two distinct phenotypes. In contrast to dexamethasone, ASP treatment induces glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper independently of glucocorticoid receptor engagement and leads to NF-κB p65 degradation. Abrogation of protease activities in ASP using specific inhibitors reveals that aspartic acid-containing proteases are key inducers of regulatory genes, whereas serine, cysteine, and metalloproteases contribute to NF-κB p65 degradation. Collectively, those features correspond to a previously unreported anergizing phenotype for human DCs. Such regulatory mechanisms may allow fungi to downregulate host immune responses and provide clues for new approaches to treat proinflammatory disorders.
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in the Brain and Lung Leads to Differential Type I IFN Signaling during Acute Infection
Authors: Alammar Luna , Gama Lucio , Clements Janice E. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Using an accelerated and consistent SIV pigtailed macaque model of HIV-associated neurologic disorders, we have demonstrated that virus enters the brain during acute infection. However, neurologic symptoms do not manifest until late stages of infection, suggesting that immunological mechanisms exist within the CNS that control viral replication and associated inflammation. We have shown that IFN-β, a type I IFN central to viral innate immunity, is a major cytokine present in the brain during acute infection and is responsible for limiting virus infection and inflammatory cytokine expression. However, the induction and role of IFN-α in the CNS during acute SIV infection has never been examined in this model. In the classical model of IFN signaling, IFN-β signals through the IFN-α/β receptor, leading to expression of IFN-α. Surprisingly, although IFN-β is upregulated during acute SIV infection, we found that IFN-α is downregulated. We demonstrate that this downregulation is coupled with a suppression of signaling molecules downstream of the IFN receptor, namely tyrosine kinase 2, STAT1, and IFN regulatory factor 7, as indicated by either lack of protein phosphorylation, lack of nuclear accumulation, or transcriptional and/or translational repression. In contrast to brain, IFN-α is upregulated in lung and accompanied by activation of tyrosine kinase 2 and STAT1. These data provide a novel observation that during acute SIV infection in the brain, there is differential signaling through the IFN-α/β receptor that fails to activate expression of IFN-α in the brain.
Palladium‐ and Copper‐Catalyzed Site Selective Monoamination of Dibromobenzoic Acid
Authors: Houpis Ioannis N. , Weerts Koen , Nettekoven Ulrike , Canters Martine , Tan Hongyu , Liu Renmao , Wang Youchu 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe carboxylate anion has been used as a directing group in the aromatic amination of electronically equivalent aryl bromides to afford selective ortho‐substituted derivatives (>99:1 selectivity; 60–80% yield) in the case of copper(I) catalysis. The solvent, base and equivalents of base were important factors in the success of this reaction. Complementary selectivity was achieved with palladium catalysis where the para‐substituted derivatives were produced selectively (>99% selectivity, 70–80% yield).
Functionalization of Acetalic C(sp3)‐H Bonds by Scandium(III) Triflate‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Redox Reactions: Tandem 1,4‐Hydride Transfer/1,5‐Cyclization Processes Leading to Protected 1‐Indanones
Authors: Alajarin Mateo , Marin‐Luna Marta , Vidal Angel 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA new CC bond forming reaction leading to adjacent quaternary carbons is reported. It is a one‐pot hydride shift/cyclization process facilitated by the hydricity of the acetalic CH bonds, with benzylidenemalonate fragments as electrophilic hydride acceptors, and the catalysis of scandium(III) triflate. The reaction products are 1,2‐dihydroindane derivatives. Alkoxy and alkanethiolate groups can be also intramolecularly transferred from the acetalic carbon to the electrophilic benzylidenemalonate CC bond.
Beyond thriftiness: Independent and interactive effects of genetic and dietary factors on variations in fat deposition and distribution across populations
Authors: Casazza Krista , Hanks Lynac J. , Beasley T. Mark , Fernandez Jose R. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe thrifty genotype hypothesis initiated speculation that feast and famine cycling throughout history may have led to group‐specific alterations of the human genome, thereby augmenting the capacity for excessive fat mass accrual when immersed in the modern‐day obesogenic environment. Contemporary work, however, suggests alternative mechanisms influencing fuel utilization and subsequent tissue partitioning to be more relevant in the etiology of population‐based variation in adipose storage. The objective of this study was to evaluate the independent and interactive contribution of ancestral admixture as a proxy for population‐based genetic variation and diet on adipose tissue deposition and distribution in peripubertal children and to identify differences in racial/ethnic and sex groups. Two‐hundred seventy‐eight children (53% male) aged 7–12 years, categorized by parental self‐report as African‐ (n = 91), European‐ (n = 110), or Hispanic American (n = 77), participated. Ancestral genetic admixture was estimated using 140 ancestry informative markers. Body composition was evaluated by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry; energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry and accelerometry; and diet by 24‐h‐recall. Admixture independently contributed to all adiposity parameters; i.e., estimates of European and Amerindian ancestries were positively associated with all adiposity parameters, whereas African genetic admixture was inversely associated with adiposity. In boys, energy intake was associated with adiposity, irrespective of macronutrient profile, whereas in girls, the relationship was mediated by carbohydrate. We also observed moderating effects of energy balance/fuel utilization of the interaction between ancestral genetic admixture and diet. Interactive effects of genetic and non‐genetic factors alter metabolic pathways and underlie some of the present population‐based differences in fat storage. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Three‐dimensional kinematics of capuchin monkey bipedalism
Authors: Demes Brigitte 
Published: March 2011

AbstractCapuchin monkeys are known to use bipedalism when transporting food items and tools. The bipedal gait of two capuchin monkeys in the laboratory was studied with three‐dimensional kinematics. Capuchins progress bipedally with a bent‐hip, bent‐knee gait. The knee collapses into flexion during stance and the hip drops in height. The knee is also highly flexed during swing to allow the foot which is plantarflexed to clear the ground. The forefoot makes first contact at touchdown. Stride frequency is high, and stride length and limb excursion low. Hind limb retraction is limited, presumably to reduce the pitch moment of the forward‐leaning trunk. Unlike human bipedalism, the bipedal gait of capuchins is not a vaulting gait, and energy recovery from pendulum‐like exchanges is unlikely. It extends into speeds at which humans and other animals run, but without a human‐like gait transition. In this respect it resembles avian bipedal gaits. It remains to be tested whether energy is recovered through cyclic elastic storage and release as in bipedal birds at higher speeds. Capuchin bipedalism has many features in common with the facultative bipedalism of other primates which is further evidence for restrictions on a fully upright striding gait in primates that transition to bipedalism. It differs from the facultative bipedalism of other primates in the lack of an extended double‐support phase and short aerial phases at higher speeds that make it a run by kinematic definition. This demonstrates that facultative bipedalism of quadrupedal primates need not necessarily be a walking gait. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sexual dimorphism of the human mandible and its association with dental development
Authors: Coquerelle Michael , Bookstein Fred L. , Braga José , Halazonetis Demetrios J. , Weber Gerhard W. , Mitteroecker Philipp 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe present study investigates whether the human mandible is sexually dimorphic during early postnatal development and whether early dimorphic features persist during subsequent ontogeny. We also examine whether mandibular dimorphism is linked to dimorphism of dental development. Dense CT‐derived mandibular meshes of 84 females and 75 males, ranging from birth to adulthood, were analyzed using geometric morphometric methods. On the basis of the specimen's chronological ages and mineralization stages of the deciduous and permanent teeth, we compute dental age as proxy for dental development by the additive conjoint measurement method. By birth, males have, on average, more advanced age‐specific shapes than females. However, sex differences decrease quickly as females catch up via a different association between shape and size. This leads to an almost complete reduction of sexual dimorphism between the ages of 4 and 14. From puberty to adulthood, males are characterized by allometric shape changes while the shape of the female mandible continues to change even after size has ceased to increase. Dimorphism of dental maturation becomes visible only at puberty. Sexual dimorphism, concentrated at the ramus and the mental region during the earliest ontogenetic stages and again at adulthood, is not associated with the development of the teeth. At puberty there is a simultaneous peak in size increase, shape development, and dental maturation likely controlled by the surge of sex hormones with a dimorphic onset age. We argue that the infant and adult dimorphism of the mental region may be associated with the development of supralaryngeal structures. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Assessing endocranial variations in great apes and humans using 3D data from virtual endocasts
Authors: Bienvenu Thibaut , Guy Franck , Coudyzer Walter , Gilissen Emmanuel , Roualdès Georges , Vignaud Patrick , Brunet Michel 
Published: March 2011

AbstractModern humans are characterized by their large, complex, and specialized brain. Human brain evolution can be addressed through direct evidence provided by fossil hominid endocasts (i.e. paleoneurology), or through indirect evidence of extant species comparative neurology. Here we use the second approach, providing an extant comparative framework for hominid paleoneurological studies. We explore endocranial size and shape differences among great apes and humans, as well as between sexes. We virtually extracted 72 endocasts, sampling all extant great ape species and modern humans, and digitized 37 landmarks on each for 3D generalized Procrustes analysis. All species can be differentiated by their endocranial shape. Among great apes, endocranial shapes vary from short (orangutans) to long (gorillas), perhaps in relation to different facial orientations. Endocranial shape differences among African apes are partly allometric. Major endocranial traits distinguishing humans from great apes are endocranial globularity, reflecting neurological reorganization, and features linked to structural responses to posture and bipedal locomotion. Human endocasts are also characterized by posterior location of foramina rotunda relative to optic canals, which could be correlated to lesser subnasal prognathism compared to living great apes. Species with larger brains (gorillas and humans) display greater sexual dimorphism in endocranial size, while sexual dimorphism in endocranial shape is restricted to gorillas, differences between males and females being at least partly due to allometry. Our study of endocranial variations in extant great apes and humans provides a new comparative dataset for studies of fossil hominid endocasts. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.