bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hispanic Pentecostals in a Canadian Anglo-Franco Environment
Authors: Fontalvo Luis C. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractEDITOR'S NOTE: Luis C. Fontalvo, a Colombian, began to preach in his home-land, but several years ago he moved with his family to Canada, and there he found himself in an altogether different cultural, climatological and economic world, to which he had to adapt. Fontalvo, however, in contrast to most preachers who come from the Third to the First World, did not migrate to Canada in the company of fellow Colombian believers nor with the intention of establishing a Spanish-speaking church, but to preach in French to the people of the province of Quebec and in response to what he interpreted as a specific call. His work crystalized into what is now known as the Eglise des Apôtres de Jesus-Christ, with very different and farther-reaching results than he expected. His work and presence in Canada became an experiment that may, or may not, be repeated in another country or under different circumstances. It leaves open the question as to what will happen if and when the church he founded is totally integrated or if migration to Canada ceases in the future. Fontalvo's experience is simply one instance of the many things that are happening in countries like the United States and Canada, and even on European soil, to which Latin American Pentecostals arrive silently, learn to live many times surreptitiously or anonymously in the country of their choice, and do what is most natural to them: Share the gospel. The results may not be exactly what the preacher expected, they may be as new as a "hybrid" church, as it happened to Montalvo. These hybrid churches may well become the trend of the future in some of the First World cities. Although Montalvo does not say so, the implicit lesson is that the preacher is the key to success and has to begin by becoming a polyglot and not simply the monolingual head of the operation who thinks that one language is enough either for the preacher or for a situation as that described in this article.
The Interaction of Christology & Pneumatology in the Soteriology of Edward Irving
Authors: Purves Jim 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn this article we will examine the interaction of Christological and Pneumatological models present in the soteriology of Edward Irving. We begin by looking at the general context of Irving's theological development and presentation, then go on to compare Irving's Trinitarian, ontological perspective to the more recent and better known approach of Karl Barth.
The Spirit Baptism, Nineteenth Century Roots
Authors: Wessels Roland 
Published: January 2010

AbstractPentecostals claim that there is a life transforming and empowering experience subsequent to conversion, called the Baptism of the Holy Spirit, (The prepositions "in" and "with" are also used. Often it is now being designated "the Spirit baptism") with the accompanying sign of tongues (glossolalia) which all Christians may and ought to receive, and that this experience opens the door to receiving the gifts of the Spirit. What were its roots in Nineteenth Century North American Evangelical Christianity? My purpose is to join in the discussion of how this particular doctrine of the Spirit baptism developed.1 I shall briefly describe a variety of understandings of the Spirit's outpouring found among these Evangelicals and then deal carefully with that complex of interpretations which prepared for the Pentecostal perspective.
The Theological Challenge of Charismatic Spirituality
Authors: Gelpi Donald L. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn 1992 the Catholic Charismatic Renewal is celebrating its twenty-fifth anniversary. In the course of those twenty-five years the Renewal has influenced thousands of lives in this country and has become an international movement in Christian spirituality. After a quarter of a century of charismatic spirituality, we would do well to take stock of its theological significance: both its contributions and the problems it has raised. My remarks on those contributions and problems fall into four sections. The first section attempts to reflect on the theological context within which the charismatic renewal originally occurred. The second section considers the initial theological impact that the renewal had on popular faith and the initial response it provoked in the academic community. The third section deals with some of the theological insights that have emerged from reflection on the renewal. The fourth section deals with the charismatic renewal's unfilled theological promise.
Azusa and Other Myths: The Long and Winding Road from Experience to Stated Belief and Back Again
Authors: Plüss Jean-Daniel 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThose must have been marvelous days, when signs and wonders were accompanying the early days of the Pentecostal revival at the beginning of this century. The more Pentecostals search the roots of their movement, the more evidence is found that a charismatic spirituality lies at the heart of the Pentecostal phenomenon that has brought an impulse of renewal to twentieth-century Christianity. I believe that Pentecostals need to learn to appreciate their past metaphorically in order to recover and incorporate that early charismatic spirituality into today's Christian experience. Spiritual thirst today will not be quenched by mere deductive propositions and statements of doctrine. In order to illustrate my point, I invite you first to look at the concept of "initial evidence" as it has been discussed in the recent book edited by Gary B. McGee.1 In a second step, I will illustrate the difficulties arising from a conceptualization, or should I say objectivization, of such a phenomenon. Then, I will suggest reasons and provide tools that encourage believers of today to find their way back to the roots and the early spirituality of Pentecostalism, without, at the same time, rejecting some of the information and interpretive understandings that Pentecostals have gathered from a critical, analytical approach. It is a journey from the marvelous memories of early Pentecostalism, to hypothetic-deductive procedures, and back to a mythic consciousness of God's Spirit working among God's people today.
Common Witness Between Catholics and Pentecostals1
Authors: Hollenweger Walter J. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractFor many years, Christians in the Pentecostal and Catholic traditions have been involved in a kind of border war, complete with territory disputes and border skirmishes. As we approach the Third Millennium, the time is now right for a declaration of truce, for constructive engagement, and-as the title of this essay suggests-the discovery of a "common witness." But upon what basis can a peace be established? On the basis of a shared sense of ecclesiastical authority, on a shared personal and corporate history, or on shared perspectives about theology and piety? It is the position of this essay that the one viable course of action is the last of these three options. The border fights have been over the first two, and because of them we have come to think of the border between Catholics and Pentecostals as a kind of no man's land. But on the basis of the third another course of action opens up; by the grace of God what has been a no man's land may become common ground. We actually have much more in common than we have allowed ourselves to think.
Early Pentecostals and the Almost Chosen People
Authors: Wacker Grant 
Published: January 2010

AbstractSince time immemorial, it seems, Christians have struggled with the claims of loyalty to the civil state. For every Roger Williams who insisted that the Christian's allegiances stood above and beyond the state, there was a John Cotton who insisted with equal conviction that the Christian must negotiate between the City of God and the City of Man. As biblical and cultural primitivists, early Pentecostals instinctively identified with the former outlook. Their first thought in the morning was to free themselves from all earthly alliances, including emotional attachments, to the state. But by noon they found that their aspiration to shed mundane political ties was easier claimed than achieved. The sheer complication of getting through life without making endless accommodations to the demands of the civil realm proved more daunting than they had imagined. By nightfall many, perhaps most, realized that political purity was a lost cause to begin with. Conscience told them not to avoid the state but to find ways to live with it in good faith. They discovered, as historian R. Laurence Moore said in a different context, that "[m]eaningful activity in history usually involve[d] exchanging one dilemma for another."1
Fin de siécle and the development of a post-secular religion: intimations from the Truth and Reconciliation Commission
Authors: du Toit C.W. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis article discusses the continued existence and characteristics of religion in a post-secular society and its influences on this society. The religious world is not a-secular and the secular world not a-religious. Attention is given to reasons that the secularisation thesis has not been realised and the role of modernism and pluralism in this development is discussed. Reference is made to the notion of a people's religion and the role of post-secularism in theology and postmodernism are discussed. The new South African context, in which a neutral state which does not promote any specific religion has replaced the previous Christian state, is discussed. Reference is made to the way African traditional religion fits into a post-secular environment. The argument closes with the Truth and Reconciliation Commission as an example of how the religious and secular interact.
Christian ethics in a pluralistic society: towards a theology of compromise
Authors: Hartin P.J. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis study aims at examining the way a Christian views hislher ethical values within the context of a postmodern society characterised by a plurality of moralities and religious convictions. This investigation begins with a look at the New Testament traditions with a view to inquiring whether there is such a thing as one 'Christian ethical system' that emerges from these texts which can be used as a ready-made formula for how one is to live in every given situation. The answer will be in the negative. Instead, it will show that ethics always operate in a challenging way. With this perspective in mind attention will be devoted to examining the Christian attitude toward the state and a pluralistic society. How does the Christian remain true to his/her ethical values in a pluralistic society? How do Christians interact with those who see things totally differently from themselves?
Nagarjuna Text and intertext
Authors: Ie Roux Charl 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis article tracks further the deconstructive path of thought of the Buddhist thinker Nagarjuna as reflected in his major text, the MŪtamadhyamakakrika. This text, inspired by Prajnaparamita intertexts, aims mainly at the deconstruction of earlier Abhidharma metaphysics.
What happened to the ark?
Authors: van Dyk P.J. , Enstrom P.L. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe disappearance of the Ark of the Covenant has captured the imagination of many eager scholars of the Old Testament. Because no definite mention of the Ark's destruction has been recorded, it is only natural that man would wish to solve the mystery. Various documented attempts have been made by people such as Parker and Crotser to find the Ark. The Mount Nebo saga, Irish tradition and Ethiopian legend all deal with the possible survival of the Ark. On the whole these stories each played a role to legitimise the nation in which they occurred. However, at this stage it is not clear if the Ark has really survived through all these centuries.
A Catholic voice against British imperialism: F C Kolbe's opposition to the Second Anglo-Boer War
Authors: Hale F. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractMany aspects of the remarkable career of the intellectually inclined Roman Catholic priest FC Kolbe of Cape Town have been documented, but little has been published about his opposition to British imperialism during the Second Anglo-Boer War. Particularly in his capacity as the founding editor of the South African Catholic Magazine he sought to influence popular opinion both before and after the eruption of hostilities in October 1899. The present article focuses on the expression of his position in that journal and compares Kolbe's stance with those taken by the editors of certain other religious periodicals and the secular press in the Cape. Also considered is Kolbe's involvement in the editing of Albert Cartwright's anti-war newspaper The South African News, especially his opposition to martial law. The secular reasons for Kolbe's objections to the war are evident; the theological, meta-ethical underpinnings are only obliquely implied in his discourses.
The 'literariness' of the New Testament Gospels
Authors: De Klerk Johannes C 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe literary approach to narratives of the New Testament has now been established. However, there are some very interesting literary issues on which we can now reflect. Do the Gospels comply with genuine literary standards? Are they really suited to full-scale literary analysis? What distinguishes a 'literary' text from a 'non-literary' text? How important is the 'literariness' of biblical narratives? Isn't the value of the literary analysis of biblical texts overestimated? Doesn't it go against the grain of the whole nature of biblical texts? This article endeavours to provide some answers to these issues, focusing on the New Testament texts.
Nagarjuna and Yoga: complexities in origin and tradition
Authors: Mason G. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn this article I attempt to establish a radical hermeneutic for interpreting Nagarjuna's MŪlaMadyamikarika. I argue that understanding the text requires a sensitivity to the subtle fluidity and interconnectedness of Indian cultural ideational forms, particularly those related to yogic meditational practices. I examine the recurrence of one ideational pattern - the two-tiered view of reality - in Hindu yogic and Buddhist texts with particular reference to the MŪlamadyamikakarika. I submit that without an awareness of the fluidity of thought patterns textual interpretations of Nagarjuna's work becomes too confined to immediate historical contexts.
Observations of a Super Cloud Cluster Accompanied by Synoptic-Scale Eastward-Propagating Precipitating Systems over the Indian Ocean
Authors: Yamada Hiroyuki , Yoneyama Kunio , Katsumata Masaki , Shirooka Ryuichi 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
The multiscale structure of a super cloud cluster (SCC) over the equatorial Indian Ocean, observed in November and December 2006, was investigated using data from satellite microwave sensors and surface-based radars. The smaller-scale structure of this SCC was marked by a complicated relationship between rainfall systems and upper-tropospheric cloud shields, which moved eastward and westward, respectively, with a cycle of 2–4 days. In the analyses, attention was given to the structure of slow eastward-propagating (5–11 m s−1) precipitating systems and related synoptic-scale (∼2000 km) disturbances. A case study of one of the systems revealed that it consisted of several lines of convective cells with a depth that was usually shallower than 10 km unless the cells encountered the westward-moving cloud shields. The environment of the convective lines was characterized by persistent unstable conditions with an increase of the westerly flow in the lower troposphere, suggesting the existence of a synoptic-scale upward motion. Composite analyses revealed that each rainfall system formed in a region of zonal flow convergence near the surface and divergence near 300 hPa. The vertical temperature structure tilted westward with height below this pressure level and eastward aloft, similar to that of a convectively coupled Kelvin wave. These results suggest that a SCC involves a group of synoptic-scale shallow waves propagating eastward. An additional analysis over the western Pacific also showed the predominance of eastward propagation in a SCC, demonstrating the advantage of satellite microwave sensors over infrared ones in monitoring the multiscale structure of tropical convection.
An Analysis of Convectively Coupled Kelvin Waves in 20 WCRP CMIP3 Global Coupled Climate Models
Authors: Straub Katherine H. , Haertel Patrick T. , Kiladis George N. 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
Output from 20 coupled global climate models is analyzed to determine whether convectively coupled Kelvin waves exist in the models, and, if so, how their horizontal and vertical structures compare to observations. Model data are obtained from the World Climate Research Program’s (WCRP’s) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 3 (CMIP3) multimodel dataset.
Ten of the 20 models contain spectral peaks in precipitation in the Kelvin wave band, and, of these 10, only 5 contain wave activity distributions and three-dimensional wave structures that resemble the observations. Thus, the majority (75%) of the global climate models surveyed do not accurately represent convectively coupled Kelvin waves, one of the primary sources of submonthly zonally propagating variability in the tropics.
The primary feature common to the five successful models is the convective parameterization. Three of the five models use the Tiedtke–Nordeng convective scheme, while the other two utilize the Pan and Randall scheme. The 15 models with less success at generating Kelvin waves predominantly contain convective schemes that are based on the concept of convective adjustment, although it appears that those schemes can be improved by the addition of convective “trigger” functions.
Three-dimensional Kelvin wave structures in the five successful models resemble observations to a large degree, with vertically tilted temperature, specific humidity, and zonal wind anomalies. However, no model completely captures the observed signal, with most of the models being deficient in lower-tropospheric temperature and humidity signals near the location of maximum precipitation. These results suggest the need for improvements in the representations of shallow convection and convective downdrafts in global models.
Probing the Fast and Slow Components of Global Warming by Returning Abruptly to Preindustrial Forcing
Authors: Held Isaac M. , Winton Michael , Takahashi Ken , Delworth Thomas , Zeng Fanrong , Vallis Geoffrey K. 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
The fast and slow components of global warming in a comprehensive climate model are isolated by examining the response to an instantaneous return to preindustrial forcing. The response is characterized by an initial fast exponential decay with an e-folding time smaller than 5 yr, leaving behind a remnant that evolves more slowly. The slow component is estimated to be small at present, as measured by the global mean near-surface air temperature, and, in the model examined, grows to 0.4°C by 2100 in the A1B scenario from the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES), and then to 1.4°C by 2300 if one holds radiative forcing fixed after 2100. The dominance of the fast component at present is supported by examining the response to an instantaneous doubling of CO2 and by the excellent fit to the model’s ensemble mean twentieth-century evolution with a simple one-box model with no long times scales.
Understanding the Scale Relationships of Uncertainty Propagation of Satellite Rainfall through a Distributed Hydrologic Model
Authors: Nikolopoulos Efthymios I. , Anagnostou Emmanouil N. , Hossain Faisal , Gebremichael Mekonnen , Borga Marco 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
The study presents a data-based numerical experiment performed to understand the scale relationships of the error propagation of satellite rainfall for flood evaluation applications in complex terrain basins. A satellite rainfall error model is devised to generate rainfall ensembles based on two satellite products with different retrieval accuracies and space–time resolutions. The generated ensembles are propagated through a distributed physics-based hydrologic model to simulate the rainfall–runoff processes at different basin scales. The resulted hydrographs are compared against the hydrograph obtained by using high-resolution radar rainfall as the “reference” rainfall input. The error propagation of rainfall to stream runoff is evaluated for a number of basin scales ranging between 100 and 1200 km2. The results from this study show that (i) use of satellite rainfall for flood simulation depends strongly on the scale of application (catchment area) and the satellite product resolution, (ii) different satellite products perform differently in terms of hydrologic error propagation, and (iii) the propagation of error depends on the basin size; for example, this study shows that small watersheds (&lt;400 km2) exhibit a higher ability in dampening the error from rainfall to runoff than larger-sized watersheds, although the actual error increases as drainage area decreases.
An Eddy-Permitting Southern Ocean State Estimate
Authors: Mazloff Matthew R. , Heimbach Patrick , Wunsch Carl 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
An eddy-permitting general circulation model of the Southern Ocean is fit by constrained least squares to a large observational dataset during 2005–06. Data used include Argo float profiles, CTD synoptic sections, Southern Elephant Seals as Oceanographic Samplers (SEaOS) instrument-mounted seal profiles, XBTs, altimetric observations [Envisat, Geosat, Jason-1, and Ocean Topography Experiment (TOPEX)/Poseidon], and infrared and microwave radiometer observed sea surface temperature. An adjoint model is used to determine descent directions in minimizing a misfit function, each of whose elements has been weighted by an estimate of the observational plus model error. The model is brought into near agreement with the data by adjusting its control vector, here consisting of initial and meteorological boundary conditions. Although total consistency has not yet been achieved, the existing solution is in good agreement with the great majority of the 2005 and 2006 Southern Ocean observations and better represents these data than does the World Ocean Atlas 2001 (WOA01) climatological product. The estimate captures the oceanic temporal variability and in this respect represents a major improvement upon earlier static inverse estimates. During the estimation period, the Drake Passage volume transport is 153 ± 5 Sv (1 Sv ≡ 106 m3 s−1). The Ross and Weddell polar gyre transports are 20 ± 5 Sv and 40 ± 8 Sv, respectively. Across 32°S there is a surface meridional overturning cell of 12 ± 12 Sv, an intermediate cell of 17 ± 12 Sv, and an abyssal cell of 13 ± 6 Sv. The northward heat and freshwater anomaly transports across 30°S are −0.3 PW and 0.7 Sv, with estimated uncertainties of 0.5 PW and 0.2 Sv. The net rate of wind work is 2.1 ± 1.1 TW. Southern Ocean theories involving short temporal- and spatial-scale dynamics may now be tested with a dynamically and thermodynamically realistic general circulation model solution that is known to be compatible with the modern observational datasets.