bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lithium Ion Intercalation‐Induced Metal‐Insulator Transition in Inclined‐Standing Grown 2D Non‐Layered Cr2S3 Nanosheets
Authors: Hu Wanghua , Shen Jinbo , Wang Tao , Li Zishun , Xu Zhuokai , Lou Zhefeng , Qi Haoyu , Yan Junjie , Wang Jialu , Le Tian , Zheng Xiaorui , Lu Yunhao , Lin Xiao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGate‐controlled ionic intercalation in the van der Waals gap of 2D layered materials can induce novel phases and unlock new properties. However, this strategy is often unsuitable for densely packed 2D non‐layered materials. The non‐layered rhombohedral Cr2S3 is an intrinsic heterodimensional superlattice with alternating layers of 2D CrS2 and 0D Cr1/3. Here an innovative chemical vapor deposition method is reported, utilizing strategically modified metal precursors to initiate entirely new seed layers, yields ultrathin inclined‐standing grown 2D Cr2S3 nanosheets with edge instead of face contact with substrate surfaces, enabling rapid all‐dry transfer to other substrates while ensuring high crystal quality. The unconventional ordered vacancy channels within the 0D Cr1/3 layers, as revealed by cross‐sectional scanning transmission electron microscope, permitting the insertion of Li+ ions. An unprecedented metal‐insulator transition, with a resistance modulation of up to six orders of magnitude at 300 K, is observed in Cr2S3‐based ionic field‐effect transistors. Theoretical calculations corroborate the metallization induced by Li‐ion intercalation. This work sheds light on the understanding of growth mechanism, structure‐property correlation and highlights the diverse potential applications of 2D non‐layered Cr2S3 superlattice.
Research Progress on Pharmacological Effects and Mechanism of Polygonatum sibiricum Polysaccharides
Authors: Yang Maohui , Chen Ruhai , Zhou Xin , Chen Huaguo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPolygonatum sibiricum is a medicinal and edible homologous plant of Polygonatum in Liliaceae, which contains many components, such as polysaccharides, proteins, alkaloids, lignans, and amino acids. A large number of studies have shown that Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide is the main active component of Polygonatum sibiricum, which has pharmacological effects, such as antioxidant, immune regulation, antitumor, hypoglycemic, and so on. In this article, the research on bioactivity and mechanism of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide in recent 10 years is summarized, and the effect of structure–activity relationship of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide on the mechanism of action is discussed. The research and application prospect of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide in order is prospected to provide reference for the development of related drugs and healthy food.
Numerical analysis of the local damage of RC beams under close‐in explosions based on the calibrated Karagozian & Case (K&C) concrete model
Authors: Xu Yingliang , Liu Yan , Huang Fenglei , Yan Junbo , Bai Fan , Si Peng , Li Xu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLimited research has been carried out to investigate the local damage features of reinforced concrete (RC) beams under close‐in explosions. To better capture the local damage features of rectangular cross‐sectional RC beams, a numerical study on the RC beams subjected to close‐in explosions based on the calibrated Karagozian & Case (K&C) concrete model was conducted in LSDYNA. First, a systematic calibration of the K&C model for concrete was performed in the single‐element numerical analysis. Calibration of the K&C model consists of parameter determination for the new strength surfaces, modification of the damage function to better feature the tensile behavior of concrete, elimination of the element size effect by introducing an element size factor and determination of the scaled damage factors. The new strength surfaces are verified and determined through both the approximation calculation method and the parameter fitting method. And the damage function was modified by reducing the termination of λ to better characterize the brittleness of concrete and feature the tensile failure. A comparison between the numerical results and the corresponding experimental results demonstrates that the calibrated K&C model and established FEM model of RC beams subjected to close‐in explosions can well characterize the local damage features of RC beams. On this basis, a further parameter analysis on the factors influencing the local damage response of RC beams was conducted by considering reinforcement details (stirrup spacing and longitudinal reinforcement diameter) and charge details (charge mass and aspect ratio). Results show that the close‐in explosions destroyed the concrete corners in the blast surface with shear stress first and the side shear failure of concrete corners weakens the concrete core strength and contributes to the greater loss of concrete core. Rear spalling damage was initially caused by the bond failure between the tensile longitudinal reinforcement and the surrounding concrete. Furthermore, increasing stirrup spacing, tensile longitudinal reinforcement diameter, and charge mass contribute to the increase in local damage sizes.
Using functional decomposition to bridge the design gap between desired emergent multi‐agent‐system resilience and individual agent design
Authors: Hernandez Isabella , Watson Bryan C. , Weissburg Marc J. , Bras Bert 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIncreasing the resilience of modern infrastructure systems is recognized as a priority by both the International Council on Systems Engineering and the National Academy of Engineering. Resilience answers the key stakeholder need for a stable and predictable system by withstanding, adapting to, and recovering from unexpected faults. Increasing resilience in multi‐agent systems is especially challenging because resilience is an emergent system‐level property rather than the sum of individual agent functions. This paper uses biological systems as a source of inspiration for resilient functions, examining the central question How can biologically inspired design be used to increase the emergent property of resilience in multi‐agent systems? The paper uses functional decomposition to break down the individual functions that result in resilience and transfer the properties to generalized systems. Accordingly, the central hypothesis examined in this article is If functional decomposition is performed on eusocial insect colonies, then generalizable approaches to increase the emergent property of multi‐agent system resilience can be identified. The results provide two contributions. The first contribution is the identification of six general functions based on eusocial insect behavior that influence resilience. The second contribution is a description of the process of identifying and transferring insect behaviors into generalized design‐for‐resilience guidance. To support these contributions, a case study applies biologically inspired functions to an emergency power service system and proposes tactics for the power system to improve its resilience. Thus, this article provides a key step towards our goal of using biologically inspired design to influence the emergent property of resilience in multi‐agent systems.
Globally deployed sorghum aphid resistance gene RMES1 is vulnerable to biotype shifts but is bolstered by RMES2
Authors: VanGessel Carl , Rice Brian , Felderhoff Terry J. , Charles Jean Rigaud , Pressoir Gael , Nalam Vamsi , Morris Geoffrey P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDurable host plant resistance (HPR) to insect pests is critical for sustainable agriculture. Natural variation exists for aphid HPR in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), but the genetic architecture and phenotype have not been clarified and characterized for most sources. In order to assess the current threat of a sorghum aphid (Melanaphis sorghi) biotype shift, we characterized the phenotype of Resistance to Melanaphis sorghi 1 (RMES1) and additional HPR architecture in globally admixed populations selected under severe sorghum aphid infestation in Haiti. We found RMES1 reduces sorghum aphid fecundity but not bird cherry‐oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi) fecundity, suggesting a discriminant HPR response typical of gene‐for‐gene interaction. A second resistant gene, Resistance to Melanaphis sorghi 2 (RMES2), was more frequent than RMES1 resistant alleles in landraces and historic breeding lines. RMES2 contributes early and mid‐season aphid resistance in a segregating F2 population; however, RMES1 was only significant with mid‐season fitness. In a fixed population with high sorghum aphid resistance, RMES1 and RMES2 were selected for demonstrating a lack of severe antagonistic pleiotropy. Associations with resistance colocated with cyanogenic glucoside biosynthesis genes support additional HPR sources. Globally, therefore, an HPR source vulnerable to biotype shift via selection pressure (RMES1) is bolstered by a second common source of resistance in breeding programs (RMES2), which may be staving off a biotype shift and is critical for sustainable sorghum production.
Research to develop the ability to remove As(III) ions in water of an environmentally friendly hybrid material based on bacterial cellulose and graphene oxide
Authors: Nguyen Tuan Anh , Oanh Doan Thi Yen , Nguyen Manh Ha , Nguyen The Huu , Nguyen Thi Thu Phuong , Le Thi Hong Nhung , Nguyen Minh Viet , Pham Thi Mai Huong , Nguyen Quang Tung 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe nanocomposite material bacterial cellulose/graphene oxide (BC/GO) is fabricated using bacterial cellulose derived from coconut husk biomass. The nano cellulose fibers retain their natural structure and intertwine with graphene oxide. The SEM method confirms the interwoven structure between the nanocellulose fibers and graphene oxide. As the proportion of graphene oxide increases, the tensile strength of the material improves, peaking at 95.68 MPa with a BC:GO ratio of 1:7. Additionally, the Young's modulus measures at 12.87 GPa. Post‐fabrication, the BC/GO membrane undergoes structural and mechanical property evaluations and is tested for its ability to remove As(III) ions from water. Parameters like adsorption capacity, contact time, adsorbent mass, pH values, and stirring rate are assessed for their influence on the adsorption efficiency. Results indicate that the BC/GO‐3 material (BC/GO volume ratio of 1:7) exhibits the most promising performance, achieving a maximum adsorption capacity of 18.69 mg g−1 at pH = 6, 40 °C (313 K), an optimum adsorption time of 160 min, a stirring rate of 150 rpm, and an appropriate adsorbent mass of 0.10 g. The Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models are found to fit well with the adsorption process based on regression coefficients, suggesting their suitability in describing the adsorption behavior. Additionally, GO/BC demonstrates high efficiency in the regeneration and recovery of As(III) metal ions, as well as a high adsorption capacity.
Canine and feline foetal fluids: Volume, hormonal and biochemical characterization during pregnancy
Authors: Sahraei Hossein , Mogheiseh Asghar , Nazifi Saeed , Divar Mohammad‐Reza , Iraji Fatemeh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and objectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the volume, the concentration of steroid hormones, and biochemical composition of the foetal fluids at different gestational ages in dogs and cats.MethodsFollowing the ovariohysterectomy, the allantoic and amniotic fluid samples were collected from pregnant bitches and queens and were assigned to different groups according to their gestational age.ResultsThe canine and feline allantoic fluid volume increased during pregnancy, reached its maximum values on days 40–49 and then decreased. The canine and feline amniotic fluid volume increased steadily by the last days of pregnancy. In spite of significant changes of sex hormones in the foetal fluids, their concentration and ratios were not significantly different between male and female fetuses. The canine amniotic cortisol concentration increased until days 40–49 and decreased significantly afterwards. The maximum cortisol concentrations in the feline allantoic and amniotic fluids were observed on days 50–60 and 40–49, respectively. During the canine pregnancy, the concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, chloride, sodium, triglyceride, cholesterol, total protein, albumin and the activities of aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), amylase and gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT) in the amniotic fluid were higher than the allantoic fluid. The magnesium, potassium, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, creatine and lipase were higher in the allantoic fluid. In the feline allantoic fluid, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, creatinine, albumin and glucose concentrations and the activities of creatine kinase (CK), GGT, LDH and lipase were higher. The ALP, AST activities, sodium and calcium concentrations were higher in the amniotic fluid (p < 0.05).ConclusionVolume of foetal fluids was determined in dogs and cats. Concentration of sex hormones did not different between male and female fetuses.
Relative biological efficacy of methionine hydroxy analogue‐free acid compared to dl‐methionine in the broiler chickens
Authors: Zarghi Heydar , Ghavi Saeed 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn the broiler's diets based on corn–soya bean meal, methionine (Met) and cystine (Cys), known as sulphur amino acids (SAAs), are the first limiting indispensable amino acids because of their limited presence, which are supplemented with different synthetic sources. Evaluation of the biological effectiveness of these sources can be important in their correct replacement, especially in the starter and growth diets.ObjectivesThe current study was done to assess the relative biological efficacy (RBE) of liquid Met hydroxy analogue‐free acid (MHA‐FA) in comparison with dl‐Met (dl‐Met) based on broiler performance traits at different levels of digestible SAA in the 1–11 (starter) and 11–25 (grower) days of age periods.MethodsTwo experiments were developed with treatments consisting of a basal diet without Met addition that met the nutrient and energy requirements of broilers with the exception of SAAs (Met + Cys) and five increasing Met doses for both sources (dl‐Met and/or MHA‐FA), resulting in digestible SAA concentrations from 0.62% to 1.02% of diet in the starter period (Trial 1) and 0.59% to 0.94% of diet in the grower period (Trial 2). The multi‐linear regression model and slope ratio method were employed to calculate the RBE of MHA‐FA compared with dl‐Met for measured variables.ResultsIn both experiments, the results obtained during the starter and grower periods with the different Met supplementations show significant growth responses to digestible SAAs levels. By increasing dietary dl‐Met and/or MHA‐FA levels, the growth performance traits and immune responses were improved (quadratic; p < 0.05). The RBE of MHA‐FA compared to dl‐Met on an equimolar basis was estimated 66%–89% (59%–79% on a weight‐to‐weight basis).ConclusionsIt is concluded that the RBE of MHA‐FA in comparison with dl‐Met depends on broiler chicken age and what attribute is being evaluated.
The treatment of oily wastewater by thermo‐responsive calcium alginate capsules immobilized Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Lin Yin‐liang , Zhao Ming‐xin , Yu Ya‐lan , Liu Sheng‐li , Li Min , Jiang A‐li , Deng Min 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA microfluidic strategy of smart calcium alginate (CA) capsules is presented to immobilize Pseudomonas aeruginosa to treat oil slicks effectively. The capsule wall is embedded with poly (N‐isopropyl acrylamide) sub‐microspheres as thermo‐responsive switches. CA capsules, with a diameter of 3.26 mm and a thin wall thickness about 12.8 μm, have satisfying monodispersity, cavity structure, and dense surface structures. The capsules possess excellent encapsulation of bacteria, which are fixed in a restricted space and become more aggregated. It overcomes the disadvantages of a long fermentation production cycle, easy loss of bacteria, and susceptibility to shear effect. The smart CA capsules immobilized with bacteria treat model wastewater containing soybean oil or diesel and display favorable fermentation ability. The capsules can effectively treat oil slicks with high concentration, and it is an economical way for processing oily wastewater.Practitioner Points

A thermo‐responsive calcium alginate capsule was prepared by microfluidic strategy.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is environmentally friendly in treating oil slicks.
The capsules, immobilized bacteria, treat oil slicks effectively.
This study provides an economical way for processing different oily water.
Twisted coefficients on coarse spaces and their corona
Authors: Hartmann Elisa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTo a metric space X we associate a compact topological space $$\nu '({X})$$

ν
′

(
X
)

called the corona of X. Then a coarse map $$f:X\rightarrow Y$$

f
:
X
→
Y

between metric spaces is mapped to a continuous map $$\nu '({f}):\nu '({X})\rightarrow \nu '({Y})$$

ν
′

(
f
)

:

ν
′

(
X
)

→

ν
′

(
Y
)

between coronas. Sheaf cohomology assigned to a coarse metric space is preserved and reflected by the corona functor. This work reveals new tools to analyze the Higson corona.
Associations of 24 h time-use compositions of sitting, standing, physical activity and sleeping with optimal cardiometabolic risk and glycaemic control: The Maastricht Study
Authors: Brakenridge Christian J. , Koster Annemarie , de Galan Bastiaan E. , Carver Alison , Dumuid Dorothea , Dzakpasu Francis Q. S. , Eussen Simone J. P. M. , Savelberg Hans H. C. M. , Bosma Hans , Owen Neville , Schaper Nicolaas C. , Healy Genevieve N. , Dunstan David W. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
The associations of sitting, standing, physical activity and sleep with cardiometabolic health and glycaemic control markers are interrelated. We aimed to identify 24 h time-use compositions associated with optimal metabolic and glycaemic control and determine whether these varied by diabetes status.

Methods
Thigh-worn activPAL data from 2388 participants aged 40–75 years (48.7% female; mean age 60.1 [SD = 8.1] years; n=684 with type 2 diabetes) in The Maastricht Study were examined. Compositional isometric log ratios were generated from mean 24 h time use (sitting, standing, light-intensity physical activity [LPA], moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA] and sleeping) and regressed with outcomes of waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2 h plasma glucose, HbA1c, the Matsuda index expressed as z scores, and with a clustered cardiometabolic risk score. Overall analyses were adjusted for demographics, smoking, dietary intake and diabetes status, and interaction by diabetes status was examined separately. The estimated difference when substituting 30 min of one behaviour with another was determined with isotemporal substitution. To identify optimal time use, all combinations of 24 h compositions possible within the study footprint (1st–99th percentile of each behaviour) were investigated to determine those cross-sectionally associated with the most-optimal outcome (top 5%) for each outcome measure.

Results
Compositions lower in sitting time and with greater standing time, physical activity and sleeping had the most beneficial associations with outcomes. Associations were stronger in participants with type 2 diabetes (p<0.05 for interactions), with larger estimated benefits for waist circumference, FPG and HbA1c when sitting was replaced by LPA or MVPA in those with type 2 diabetes vs the overall sample. The mean (range) optimal compositions of 24 h time use, considering all outcomes, were 6 h (range 5 h 40 min–7 h 10 min) for sitting, 5 h 10 min (4 h 10 min–6 h 10 min) for standing, 2 h 10 min (2 h–2 h 20 min) for LPA, 2 h 10 min (1 h 40 min–2 h 20 min) for MVPA and 8 h 20 min (7 h 30 min–9 h) for sleeping.

Conclusions/interpretation
Shorter sitting time and more time spent standing, undergoing physical activity and sleeping are associated with preferable cardiometabolic health. The substitutions of behavioural time use were significantly stronger in their associations with glycaemic control in those with type 2 diabetes compared with those with normoglycaemic metabolism, especially when sitting time was balanced with greater physical activity.

Graphical Abstract
Immune system inspired smart maintenance framework: tool wear monitoring use case
Authors: Pulikottil Terrin , Martínez-Arellano Giovanna , Barata Jose 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAs the manufacturing industry is moving towards the fourth industrial revolution, there is an increasing need for smart maintenance systems that could provide manufacturers with a competitive advantage by predicting failures. Despite various efforts by researchers, there are still challenges for these systems to work reliably in the industry such as lack of adaptability, resilience, reaction to disturbances, and future-proofing. Bio-inspired frameworks like artificial immune systems provide an alternative approach to satisfying these challenges. But existing immune-based frameworks focus only on adaptive immunity characteristics and ignore innate immunity which is important for quick detection and faster response. There is a need for a holistic view of the immune system in developing an adaptive & resilient maintenance framework. This paper presents a holistic view of the human immune system with a focus on the intelligence & response mechanism of both innate & adaptive immunity. Inspired by this holistic view and considering the emerging computer technologies — Internet of Things, Edge & Cloud Computing, Multi-Agent System, Ontology, Big Data, Digital Twin, Machine Learning, and Augmented Reality — we present a smart maintenance framework. The proposed framework is used for tool condition monitoring to demonstrate its implementation.