bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oocyte destruction is activated during viral infection
Authors: Thomson Travis C. , Schneemann Anette , Johnson Joshua 
Published: December 2011

AbstractViral infection has been associated with a starvation‐like state in Drosophila melanogaster. Because starvation and inhibiting TOR kinase activity in vivo result in blocked oocyte production, we hypothesized that viral infection would also result in compromised oogenesis. Wild‐type flies were injected with flock house virus (FHV) and survival and embryo production were monitored. Infected flies had a dose‐responsive loss of fecundity that corresponded to a global reduction in Akt/TOR signaling. Highly penetrant egg chamber destruction mid‐way through oogenesis was noted and FHV coat protein was detected within developing egg chambers. As seen with in vivo TOR inhibition, oogenesis was partially rescued in loss of function discs large and merlin mutants. As expected, mutants in genes known to be involved in virus internalization and trafficking [Clathrin heavy chain (chc) and synaptotagmin] survive longer during infection. However, oogenesis was rescued only in chc mutants. This suggests that viral response mechanisms that control fly survival and egg chamber survival are separable. The genetic and signaling requirements for oocyte destruction delineated here represent a novel host–virus interaction with implications for the control of both fly and virus populations. genesis 50:453–465, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mountain pine beetle infestation impacts: modeling water and energy budgets at the hill‐slope scale
Authors: Mikkelson K. M. , Maxwell R. M. , Ferguson I. , Stednick J. D. , McCray J. E. , Sharp J. O. 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTThe mountain pine beetle (MPB) epidemic in western North America is generating growing concern associated with aesthetics, ecology, and forest and water resources. Given the substantial acreage of prematurely dying forests within Colorado and Wyoming (~two million acres in 2008), MPB infestations have the potential to significantly alter forest canopy, impacting several aspects of the local water and land‐energy cycle. Hydrologic processes that may be influenced include canopy interception of precipitation and radiation, snow accumulation, melt and sublimation, soil infiltration and evapotranspiration. To investigate the changing hydrologic and energy regimes associated with MPB infestations, we used an integrated hydrologic model coupled with a land surface model to incorporate physical processes related to energy at the land surface. This platform was used to model hillslope‐scale hydrology and land‐energy changes throughout the phases of MPB infestation through modification of the physical parameterisation that accounts for alteration of stomatal resistance and leaf area indices. Our results demonstrate that MPB infested watersheds will experience a decrease in evapotranspiration, an increase in snow accumulation accompanied by earlier and faster snowmelt and associated increases in runoff volume and timing. Impacts are similar to those projected under climate change, yet with a systematically higher snowpack. These results have implications for water resource management because of higher tendencies for flooding in the spring and drought in the summer. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Non‐Innocent Ligands: New Opportunities in Iron Catalysis
Authors: Blanchard Sébastien , Derat Etienne , Desage‐El Murr Marine , Fensterbank Louis , Malacria Max , Mouriès‐Mansuy Virginie 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIntroduced in the late sixties, non‐innocent (or redox) ligands have been extensively studied for their unusual and intriguing chemical behavior. Their ability to delocalize and/or provide electrons to the metal center of organometallic complexes confers them undisputable chemical interest and has proved valuable in the development of novel synthetic methodologies. This review will focus on the chemistry and applications of low‐valent iron complexes bearing potentially non‐innocent ligands. Because of the elusive nature of these ligands, and whenever possible, theoretical calculations and analysis of spectroscopic data will be presented in an effort to provide insights into the catalytic activity of the complexes.
A Chiral‐Pool‐Based Approach to the Core Structure of (+)‐Hyperforin
Authors: Richard Jean‐Alexandre , Chen David Y.‐K. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAsymmetric entry to the bicyclic core structure of (+)‐hyperforin is presented. The developed synthetic strategy features a carefully orchestrated stereochemical relay from the single chiral center residing within (–)‐Wieland–Miescher ketone and an intramolecular aldol reaction to cast the [3.3.1] bicyclic scaffold found in a diverse array of polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols.
Dantrolene rescues arrhythmogenic RYR2 defect in a patient‐specific stem cell model of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
Authors: Jung Christian B. , Moretti Alessandra , Mederos y Schnitzler Michael , Iop Laura , Storch Ursula , Bellin Milena , Dorn Tatjana , Ruppenthal Sandra , Pfeiffer Sarah , Goedel Alexander , Dirschinger Ralf J. , Seyfarth Melchior , Lam Jason T. , Sinnecker Daniel , Gudermann Thomas , Lipp Peter , Laugwitz Karl‐Ludwig 
Published: December 2011

AbstractCoordinated release of calcium (Ca2+) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) through cardiac ryanodine receptor (RYR2) channels is essential for cardiomyocyte function. In catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT), an inherited disease characterized by stress‐induced ventricular arrhythmias in young patients with structurally normal hearts, autosomal dominant mutations in RYR2 or recessive mutations in calsequestrin lead to aberrant diastolic Ca2+ release from the SR causing arrhythmogenic delayed after depolarizations (DADs). Here, we report the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from a CPVT patient carrying a novel RYR2 S406L mutation. In patient iPSC‐derived cardiomyocytes, catecholaminergic stress led to elevated diastolic Ca2+ concentrations, a reduced SR Ca2+ content and an increased susceptibility to DADs and arrhythmia as compared to control myocytes. This was due to increased frequency and duration of elementary Ca2+ release events (Ca2+ sparks). Dantrolene, a drug effective on malignant hyperthermia, restored normal Ca2+ spark properties and rescued the arrhythmogenic phenotype. This suggests defective inter‐domain interactions within the RYR2 channel as the pathomechanism of the S406L mutation. Our work provides a new in vitro model to study the pathogenesis of human cardiac arrhythmias and develop novel therapies for CPVT.
The response of braided planform configuration to flow variations, bed reworking and vegetation: the case of the Tagliamento River, Italy
Authors: Welber Matilde , Bertoldi Walter , Tubino Marco 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTMorphological features of braided rivers (bars, channels and pools) experience major changes in area, shape and spatial distribution as a response to (i) the pulsation of discharge during a flood and (ii) the bed evolution induced by floods. In this work, at‐a‐station relationships between water level and planform configuration were investigated on the Tagliamento River, a large gravel‐bed braided river in northeast Italy, over a 2‐year study period comprising three bankfull events and several small‐to‐medium floods. The analysis was performed on two 1‐km‐long reaches, characterized by different riparian vegetation cover. Ground‐based images with an hourly temporal resolution were acquired using software‐controlled, digital cameras. Bars, channels, pools and vegetated patches were manually digitized on more than 100 rectified images. Sequences of constant‐level images spanning the study period were used to quantify the impact of floods on the stability of at‐a‐station relationships and on the turnover rate of water bodies.The analysis shows that wetted area increased almost linearly with water level in both reaches. The average number of branches per cross‐section peaked at intermediate flow levels, increasing from 2 at low flow up to 6–7. The number of branches displayed the largest fluctuations over time, with significant changes produced also by moderate floods. Turnover rates were high in both reaches, with more than 30% of wetted areas at low flow converting into bare gravel in less than 2 months. Vegetation colonization was found to limit the mobility of the low flow channels over time by concentrating the flow in fewer, deeper anabranches. The number of channels per cross‐section was 30–40% less in the vegetated reach and the proportion of low flow water bodies in the same position after 12 months increased from 3% to 14%. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multiple metals exposure and neurotoxic risk in bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) from two Great Lakes states
Authors: Nam Dong-Ha , Rutkiewicz Jennifer , Basu Niladri 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
In the present study, the authors determined concentrations of several elements (As, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Mn, Pb, Sb, Zn) in the brains and livers of 46 bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) from two Great Lakes states, Michigan and Minnesota. To explore whether exposures are of neurological concern, the authors assessed their associations with neurochemical receptors (N-methyl-D-aspartate [NMDA] and γ-aminobutyric acid A [GABA(A)]) and enzymes (glutamine synthetase [GS] and glutamic acid decarboxylase [GAD]) that play critical roles in vertebrate neurobehavior and reproduction. For most elements, levels in the livers and brains did not differ between region and gender. Hepatic Pb levels averaged 33.1 ppm (dry wt), 30.4% of all carcasses exceeded proposed avian Pb thresholds (&gt;26.4 ppm), and in 30.8% of the birds examined evidence of Pb pellets or fragments was found. Significant changes in the activities of GS and GAD were related to brain concentrations of several metals (Pb, Cd, Co, Cu, Zn). No relationships were found among any of the nine elements and NMDA or GABA(A) receptor levels. When combined with the authors' previous study on these same eagles that showed Hg-associated alterations in GS, GAD, and NMDA receptor levels, the present research suggests that bald eagles are exposed to various elements, especially Pb and Hg, that are capable of causing changes in GABAergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission. The functional significance of these neurochemical changes warrants attention. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:623–631. © 2011 SETAC
Acute toxicity of poly- and perfluorinated compounds to two cladocerans, Daphnia magna and Chydorus sphaericus
Authors: Ding Guang-Hui , Frömel Tobias , van den Brandhof Evert-Jan , Baerselman Rob , Peijnenburg Willie J.G.M. 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
With their global distribution, environmental persistence, and potential risk to human beings and ecosystems, poly- and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are of particular concern for research and regulatory communities. However, insufficient toxicity data are available for most poly- and perfluorinated compounds to assess their possible environmental hazards accurately. Therefore, the acute toxicity of seven poly- and perfluorinated carboxylic acids and alcohols on two cladocerans, Daphnia magna and Chydorus sphaericus, was evaluated in the present study. The adverse effects of these PFCs on these two cladocerans decreased with increasing fluorinated carbon chain length (nC) and quantitative structure–activity relationships were developed to quantify this observation. Because the 50% inhibition effects (EC50) values obtained are far above concentrations typically found in surface water, acute harmful effects of these chemicals to D. magna and C. sphaericus are not expected in the real environment. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:605–610. © 2011 SETAC
Gastrointestinal absorption, metabolic debromination, and hydroxylation of three commercial polybrominated diphenyl ether mixtures by common carp
Authors: Zeng Yan-Hong , Luo Xiao-Jun , Chen Hua-Shan , Yu Le-Huan , Chen She-Jun , Mai Bi-Xian 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
The gastrointestinal absorption, metabolic debromination, and hydroxylation of three commercial brominated diphenyl ether (BDE) mixtures were separately studied in juvenile common carp. The absorption rate of penta-BDE was higher than that of octa- and deca-BDE, likely because of the lower molecular volumes of its major congeners. However, no significantly positive relationships were found between the number of bromine atoms and the absorption rate, especially for congeners with a bromine atom number larger than six. The major congeners in fish carcass were, respectively, BDE-47 and BDE-100 in the penta-BDE exposure; BDE-154, -155, -149, and BDE-153 in the octa-BDE exposure; and BDE-154, -155, -149, -188, -179, and BDE-202 in the deca-BDE exposure. Congeners with at least one meta- or para- doubly flanked bromine atom easily undergo metabolic debromination in fish. None of the targeted MeO-polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners were detected in serum samples, implying that the methylation of OH-PBDE is not likely occurring in fish. Eleven OH-PBDEs and several unidentified OH-PBDE congeners were found in penta-BDE-exposed fish. The similar level among three mono-OH-BDE47 congeners suggested that the position of OH in the phenyl ring is not selective. The hydroxylation is not a significant metabolic pathway compared with debromination. No OH-PBDE congeners were found in the serum samples from deca-BDE-exposed fish, which may attributable to the low level of PBDE precursors in fish. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:731–738. © 2011 SETAC
Inhibition of poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) and ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) on the chemosensitivity of mantle cell lymphoma to agents that induce DNA strand breaks
Authors: Golla Radha M. , Li Min , Shen Yulei , Ji Ming , Yan Ying , Fu Kai , Greiner Timothy C. , McKeithan Timothy W. , Chan Wing C. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThere is a high incidence of genomic aberration of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and genes encoding proteins involved in the ATM pathway in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). It has been shown that poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) strongly enhances the cytotoxicity of agents, causing single‐strand DNA breaks in cells with impaired homologous recombination repair. Here, we show that PARPi AG14361 potentiates the cytotoxicity induced by topotecan treatment in MCL cell lines, which was not dependent on either TP53 or CHEK2 status. Inhibition and/or knockdown of ATM and BRCA2 did not potentiate the cytotoxic effect of treatment with PARPi and topotecan. With loss of function of ATM, other kinases can still mediate activation of ATM substrates as demonstrated by continued phosphorylation of CHEK2 (Thr‐68), although attenuated and delayed. These results suggest that PARPi may enhance the therapeutic efficacy of DNA damaging agents on MCL through TP53‐independent mechanisms without requiring the inhibition of either ATM or BRCA2. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of hydraulic suitability of Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) spawning habitat in the Yangtze River
Authors: Wang Yuankun , Xia Ziqiang , Wang Dong 
Published: December 2011

AbstractHydrodynamic flow fields affect the ecological processes such as the water diversity and the distribution of organisms. Understanding the hydrodynamic and ecological processes is critical for the restoration and protection of especially fragile ecological habitats in river systems. This study uses turbulent flow to characterize the ecological behaviour of Chinese Sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) in the Yangtze River. The Delft3D‐Flow model, which is first validated with field‐measured data, is used to simulate the flow field within spawning habitats of Chinese Sturgeon, downstream of Gezhouba Dam. The model‐simulated turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and its distribution pattern are then used to characterize the hydraulic environment of the fish's spawning habitat. For the spawning habitat, downstream of Gezhouba Dam, the lower limit of TKE for the Chinese Sturgeon egg mass field is 0.025 m2/s2, which occurs at a velocity less than 1.7 m/s. Chinese Sturgeon prefers habitats with TKE range of 0.010 ~ 0.015 m2/s2 for resting. This suggests that discharge regimes provide the basis for ecological regulation of the Three Gorges Reservoir and the scientific reference for river management. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The drying up of Britain? A national estimate of changes in seasonal river flows from 11 Regional Climate Model simulations
Authors: Prudhomme Christel , Young Andy , Watts Glenn , Haxton Tracey , Crooks Sue , Williamson Jennifer , Davies Helen , Dadson Simon , Allen Stuart 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAs climate change may modify the hydrological cycle significantly, understanding the impact on river flow is important because it affects long‐term water resources planning. Here, we describe a high‐resolution British assessment of changes in river flows in the 2050s under 11 different realisations of HadRM3. In winter, river flows may either increase or decrease, with a wide range of possible decreases in summer flow. These results should encourage adaptation that copes with a broad range of future hydrological conditions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An analysis of the impact of spatial variability in rainfall on runoff and sediment predictions from a distributed model
Authors: Adams Russell , Western Andrew W. , Seed Alan W. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThis paper investigates the effect of introducing spatially varying rainfall fields to a hydrological model simulating runoff and erosion. Pairs of model simulations were run using either spatially uniform (i.e. spatially averaged) or spatially varying rainfall fields on a 500‐m grid. The hydrological model used was a simplified version of Thales which enabled runoff generation processes to be isolated from hillslope averaging processes. Both saturation excess and infiltration excess generation mechanisms were considered, as simplifications of actual hillslope processes. A 5‐year average recurrence interval synthetic rainfall event typical of temperate climates (Melbourne, Australia) was used. The erosion model was based on the WEPP interrill equation, modified to allow nonlinear terms relating the erosion rate to rainfall or runoff‐squared. The model results were extracted at different scales to investigate whether the effects of spatially varying rainfall were scale dependent. A series of statistical metrics were developed to assess the variability due to introducing the spatially varying rainfall field. At the catchment (approximately 150 km2) scale, it was found that particularly for saturation excess runoff, model predictions of runoff were insensitive to the spatial resolution of the rainfall data. Generally, erosion processes at smaller sub‐catchment scales, particularly when the sediment generation equation had non linearity, were more sensitive to spatial rainfall variability. Introducing runon infiltration reduced the total runoff and sediment yield at all scales, and this process was also most sensitive to the rainfall resolution. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sensitivity of cervical carcinoma cells to vesicular stomatitis virus‐induced oncolysis: Potential role of human papilloma virus infection
Authors: Le Boeuf Fabrice , Niknejad Nima , Wang Jiahu , Auer Rebecca , Weberpals Johanne I. , Bell John C. , Dimitroulakos Jim 
Published: December 2011

AbstractHigh‐risk carcinogenic subtypes of human papilloma virus (HPV) are associated with the development of squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix (CC) and a subset of head and neck (HNSCC). Recurrent metastatic diseases of these sites display a dismal prognosis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to uncover innovative therapeutic strategies in this clinical setting. Oncolytic viruses, including vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), were identified due to their ability to specifically target tumor cells that generally display defects in interferon (IFN) signaling. HPV expressed proteins can inhibit IFN signaling; therefore, HPV‐infected cells may be particularly sensitive to VSV oncolysis. In this study, we evaluated the sensitivity of four CC (HPV+) and four HNSCC (HPV−) derived cell lines to VSV oncolysis. Interestingly, the CC cell lines were consistently more sensitive to VSV cytotoxicity than the HNSCC cell lines tested. Exogenous IFN addition or infection with two attenuated VSV variants that are more susceptible to IFN inhibition failed to attenuate VSV oncolysis in hypersensitive CC cell lines. Furthermore, the expression of HPV‐E6, that inhibits IFN receptor signaling, in the VSV‐resistant HNSCC cell line SCC25 attenuated VSV‐induced IFN response and significantly enhanced VSV cytotoxicity. Finally, differential VSV infection and replication was confirmed in xenograft murine tumor models and explant tumor tissues from two patients with CC. Taken together, these results demonstrate that HPV‐infected cells are susceptible to oncolytic virus therapy and that this approach may represent a novel therapeutic approach in HPV positive CC and HNSCC patients.
Vitamin or mineral supplement intake and the risk of head and neck cancer: pooled analysis in the INHANCE consortium
Authors: Li Qian , Chuang Shu‐Chun , Eluf‐Neto Jose , Menezes Ana , Matos Elena , Koifman Sergio , Wünsch‐Filho Victor , Fernandez Leticia , Daudt Alexander W. , Curado Maria Paula , Winn Deborah M. , Franceschi Silvia , Herrero Rolando , Castellsague Xavier , Morgenstern Hal , Zhang Zuo‐Feng , Lazarus Philip , Muscat Joshua , McClean Michael , Kelsey Karl T. , Hayes Richard B. , Purdue Mark P. , Schwartz Stephen M. , Chen Chu , Benhamou Simone , Olshan Andrew F. , Yu Guopei , Schantz Stimson , Ferro Gilles , Brennan Paul , Boffetta Paolo , Hashibe Mia 
Published: December 2011

AbstractTo investigate the potential role of vitamin or mineral supplementation on the risk of head and neck cancer (HNC), we analyzed individual‐level pooled data from 12 case–control studies (7,002 HNC cases and 8,383 controls) participating in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology consortium. There were a total of 2,028 oral cavity cancer, 2,465 pharyngeal cancer, 874 unspecified oral/pharynx cancer, 1,329 laryngeal cancer and 306 overlapping HNC cases. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for self reported ever use of any vitamins, multivitamins, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, and calcium, beta‐carotene, iron, selenium and zinc supplements were assessed. We further examined frequency, duration and cumulative exposure of each vitamin or mineral when possible and stratified by smoking and drinking status. All ORs were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, study center, education level, pack‐years of smoking, frequency of alcohol drinking and fruit/vegetable intake. A decreased risk of HNC was observed with ever use of vitamin C (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.59–0.96) and with ever use of calcium supplement (OR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.42–0.97). The inverse association with HNC risk was also observed for 10 or more years of vitamin C use (OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.54–0.97) and more than 365 tablets of cumulative calcium intake (OR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.16–0.83), but linear trends were not observed for the frequency or duration of any supplement intake. We did not observe any strong associations between vitamin or mineral supplement intake and the risk of HNC.