bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ambidextrous performance according to entrepreneurial vigilance Applied research in the oil products distribution company
Authors: AL Dawood Prof. Dr, Fadheelah 
Published: June 2024

The research aims to define the role of entrepreneurial vigilance in its dimensions in improving the activities of the entrepreneurial vigilance in its dimensions in the researched company, and the importance of the research is evidenced by assisting the oil products distribution company / session in directing the interest of the researched company because it has a prominent role in the Iraqi industrial community to the variable entrepreneurial vigilance that contributes to Building a sustainable competitive advantage. This will happen when the company has an entrepreneurial orientation and a good strategic plan is built by the ambidextrous leaders in the research company. The researcher adopted the method of the analytical approach to complete the research, and the research community represented by the Petroleum Products Distribution Company was selected, and the administrative leaderships were chosen, in addition to choosing the intentional sample method, as the research sample reached (116) persons distributed to the administrative leaderships, and the questionnaire was adopted as a main tool In the research, it was based on personal interviews, field visits, and personal observation, The results of the research indicate the convergence of the results for the entrepreneurial vigilance variable and the ambidextrous performance variable in terms of arithmetic mean and standard deviations of the petroleum products distribution company.
The relationship between low energy availability, injuries, and bone health in recreational female athletes
Authors: Gimunová Marta , Bozděch Michal , Bernaciková Martina , Fernandes Romulo , Kumstát Michal , Paludo Ana 
Published: June 2024

Background
Low energy availability (LEA) causes pathophysiology of the female athlete’s body affecting the bone and reproductive health and was observed to have a high prevalence in recreational female athletes previously. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between low energy availability in females questionnaire (LEAF-Q), bone mineral density (BMD), and postural stability in recreational athletes.

Methods
Recreational female athletes (n = 24, age: 23.71 ± 2.94, Tier I) completed LEAF-Q, postural stability measurement during quiet stance (Zebris platform FDM; GmbH) and their BMD was measured using DXA (Hologic QDR Horizon A). Non-parametric statistical tests were used to analyse the relationships between LEAF-Q, BMD, and postural stability and to compare differences between participants divided by the LEAF-Q score and its subscales.

Results
Risk of LEA was observed in 50% of recreational athletes participating in this study. Up to 46% of participants perceived menstrual bleeding changes related to training and 37.50% experienced menstrual dysfunction. Body composition and body weight fluctuations were observed to affect postural stability and BMD. With the risk score for LEA, the BMD and postural stability were not negatively affected in recreational athletes. However, the high number of recreational athletes in the risk score for LEA and menstrual dysfunctions highlights the need for public health programs aimed to increase awareness of LEA and its health consequences and for open communication about the menstrual cycle. Future longitudinal studies observing LEA, BMD, menstrual function, postural stability, and their interrelationship in female athletes are needed to increase the knowledge of this topic.
Distribution and Economic Importance of Aquatic Macro Invertebrates: A Review
Authors: P. D. Rabo, 
Published: June 2024

Aquatic macro-invertebrates are basic constituent of the aquatic food chain (serve as food for fish and other organisms), they aid in natural flow of energy as well as bio indicators of water quality. Others like snail are vectors of diseases- Schistosomiasis, Fascioliasis, Paragoniasis. Predatory insects and leeches damage fish eggs, fries and fingerlings. The distribution of aquatic macro-invertebrates are governed by good habitats, season of the year, physico-chemical parameters of water and sampling techniques. The factors playing a role in their distribution appears to have a role in dictating the survival and distribution of other aquatic organisms. The interplay of distribution, abundance and economic importance of aquatic macro invertebrates and other water organisms helps check population growth, survival of the fittest, and serve as targets for conservation initiatives. Therefore a combine effort of individuals and government is needed to provide, and ensure guidelines implementation to protect the aquatic system from pollution and degradation, and ensure maximum productivity.
Characterisation and Bacteriophage Sensitivity of Enterococci Isolated from Traditional Fermented Dairy Product
Authors: Hansa Chakiyanikunnel Hameed , Anil Adithyan , Chandran Archana , Rathish Ramachandran Latha 
Published: June 2024

Aims: The study aimed to detect and classify Enterococci isolates from Thayir, a traditional fermented dairy product.
Study Design: A statistically significant number of Thayir samples were collected from across the study area to isolate and characterise Enterococci.
Place and Duration of Study: The study took place in Wayanad District of Kerala, India in 2022-2023.
Methodology: The Thayir samples were aseptically collected and bacteriologically cultured to detect enterococci. The isolates obtained were tested for the ability to form biofilms and hydrolyse gelatin. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern was studied using disk diffusion assay. A simple Kmeans clustering algorithm was applied to group the isolates. Phage-sensitive and resistant isolates were identified among the safer isolates.
Results: Eight isolates were obtained. None of the isolates hydrolysed gelatin, but four produced biofilm. Antibiogram revealed increased sensitivity to nitrofurantoin, but most isolates were sensitive to antimicrobials. Clustering analysis revealed a set of three safer isolates, of which one was sensitive to the phage EFΦ91.
Conclusion: The study revealed the presence of Enterococcus fecalis and Enterococcus faecium in thayir samples. Analyses revealed that the isolates were diverse and continued monitoring for antimicrobial resistance against Enterococci in food samples is necessary.
An Advanced Lithium‐Sulfur Battery
Authors: Kim Junghoon , Lee Dong‐Ju , Jung Hun‐Gi , Sun Yang‐Kook , Hassoun Jusef , Scrosati Bruno 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA lithium‐sulfur battery employing a high performances mesoporous hard carbon spherules‐sulfur cathode and a stable, highly conducting electrolyte is reported. The results demonstrate that the battery cycles with very high capacity, i.e., of the order of 750 mAh g−1 with excellent retention during cycling. In addition, by exploiting the high conductivity of our selected electrolyte, the battery performs very well also at low temperature, i.e., delivering a capacity of 500 mAh g−1(S) at 0 °C for over 170 charge‐discharge cycles. We believe that these results may substantially contribute to the progress of the lithium‐sulfur battery technology.
Patterning Techniques for Metal Organic Frameworks
Authors: Falcaro Paolo , Buso Dario , Hill Anita J. , Doherty Cara M. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe tuneable pore size and architecture, chemical properties and functionalization make metal organic frameworks (MOFs) attractive versatile stimuli‐responsive materials. In this context, MOFs hold promise for industrial applications and a fervent research field is currently investigating MOF properties for device fabrication. Although the material properties have a crucial role, the ability to precisely locate the functional material is fundamental for device fabrication. In this progress report, advancements in the control of MOF positioning and precise localization of functional materials within MOF crystals are presented. Advantages and limitations of each reviewed technique are critically investigated, and several important gaps in the technological development for device fabrication are highlighted. Finally, promising patterning techniques are presented which are inspired by previous studies in organic and inorganic crystal patterning for the future of MOF lithography.
Comparison of the physical properties of epoxy‐based composites filled with different types of carbon nanotubes for aeronautic applications
Authors: De Vivo Biagio , Lamberti Patrizia , Tucci Vincenzo , Guadagno Liberata , Vertuccio Luigi , Vittoria Vittoria , Sorrentino Andrea 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe increased demand for high‐quality multifunctional materials in the aeronautic industry requires the formulation and preparation of advanced nanostructured composites with superior characteristics. In particular, epoxy‐based polymers, exhibiting excellent mechanical properties for structural stability, filled with carbon nanotubes (CNTs: single, double, and multiwalled—SW, DW, and MW), characterized by remarkable mechanical and electrical properties, allow us to manufacture a very versatile class of composites for structural applications in automotive, aeronautics, industry, electronics, etc. Many aspects concerning the optimization of such composite systems are still to be clarified. In this paper, the physical properties of samples based on the epoxy resin with the same weight percentage (0.5%) of different CNTs have been studied. The physical behavior of the nanocomposites resulted to be dependent on the type and on the chemical functionalization of the nanoinclusions. The elastic modulus and the electrical conductivity of composites based on unfunctionalized CNT are higher than those obtained for the functionalized systems. Moreover, the maximum electrical conductivity achieved for the composite based on unfunctionalized MWCNT is not far from the target required for aeronautic applications. The contrasting results obtained for the different physical properties enlighten the difficulty in choosing one of the CNT types for the realization of multifunctional materials. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 31: 205–218, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21284
Nanostructured p‐n Junctions for Kinetic‐to‐Electrical Energy Conversion
Authors: Briscoe Joe , Stewart Mark , Vopson Melvin , Cain Markys , Weaver Paul M. , Dunn Steve 
Published: May 2012

AbstractPiezoelectric ZnO nanorods grown on a flexible substrate are combined with the p‐type semiconducting polymer PEDOT:PSS to produce a p‐n junction device that successfully demonstrates kinetic‐to‐electrical energy conversion. Both the voltage and current output of the devices are measured to be in the range of 10 mV and 10 μA cm−2. Combining these figures for the best device gives a maximum possible power density of 0.4 mW cm−3. Systematic testing of the devices is performed showing that the voltage output increases linearly with applied stress, and is reduced significantly by illumination with super‐band gap light. This provides strong evidence that the voltage output results from piezoelectric effects in the ZnO. The behavior of the devices is explained by considering the time‐dependent changes in band structure resulting from the straining of a piezoelectric material within a p‐n junction. It is shown that the rate of screening of the depolarisation field determines the power output of a piezoelectric energy harvesting device. This model is consistent with the behavior of a number of previous devices utilising the piezoelectric effect in ZnO.
Dorsorostral Snout Muscles in the Rat Subserve Coordinated Movement for Whisking and Sniffing
Authors: Haidarliu Sebastian , Golomb David , Kleinfeld David , Ahissar Ehud 
Published: May 2012

AbstractHistochemical examination of the dorsorostral quadrant of the rat snout revealed superficial and deep muscles that are involved in whisking, sniffing, and airflow control. The part of M. nasolabialis profundus that acts as an intrinsic (follicular) muscle to facilitate protraction and translation of the vibrissae is described. An intraturbinate and selected rostral‐most nasal muscles that can influence major routs of inspiratory airflow and rhinarial touch through their control of nostril configuration, atrioturbinate and rhinarium position, were revealed. Anat Rec, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The free‐radical theory of ageing – older, wiser and still alive
Authors: Kirkwood Thomas B. L. , Kowald Axel 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe continuing viability of the free‐radical theory of ageing has been questioned following apparently incompatible recent results. We show by modelling positional effects of the generation and primary targets of reactive oxygen species that many of the apparently negative results are likely to be misleading. We conclude that there is instead a need to look more closely at the mechanisms by which free radicals contribute to age‐related dysfunction in living systems. There also needs to be deeper understanding of the dynamics of accumulation and removal of the various kinds of molecular damage, in particular mtDNA mutations. Finally, the expectation that free‐radical damage on its own might cause ageing needs to be relinquished in favour of the recognition that the free‐radical theory is just one of the multiple mechanisms driving the ageing process.
State‐of‐the‐art in downstream processing of monoclonal antibodies: Process trends in design and validation
Authors: Marichal‐Gallardo P. A. , Álvarez M. M. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are the most important family of biopharmaceutical compounds in terms of market share. At present, 30 mAbs have been approved and are now commercialized for therapeutic purposes. mAbs are typically produced by mammalian cell culture in bioreactors that range in scale of 1–20 m3. Regardless of scale, from laboratory to commercial settings, the recovery and purification of mAbs present important challenges. Depending on the scale, the particular product, and the type of production process (bioreactor operation, process time, complexity of the culture media, cell density, etc.), many possible downstream configurations are possible and have been used. In this contribution, we review each type of unit operation that forms a downstream train for mAb production. We provide information regarding typical operation settings and critical variables for centrifugation, ultrafiltration, affinity chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, and viral removal operations. In addition, we discuss some important considerations required for the formulation of drugs based on mAbs. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 28: 899–916, 2012
Decisional tool to assess current and future process robustness in an antibody purification facility
Authors: Stonier Adam , Simaria Ana Sofia , Smith Martin , Farid Suzanne S. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIncreases in cell culture titers in existing facilities have prompted efforts to identify strategies that alleviate purification bottlenecks while controlling costs. This article describes the application of a database‐driven dynamic simulation tool to identify optimal purification sizing strategies and visualize their robustness to future titer increases. The tool harnessed the benefits of MySQL to capture the process, business, and risk features of multiple purification options and better manage the large datasets required for uncertainty analysis and optimization. The database was linked to a discrete‐event simulation engine so as to model the dynamic features of biopharmaceutical manufacture and impact of resource constraints. For a given titer, the tool performed brute force optimization so as to identify optimal purification sizing strategies that minimized the batch material cost while maintaining the schedule. The tool was applied to industrial case studies based on a platform monoclonal antibody purification process in a multisuite clinical scale manufacturing facility. The case studies assessed the robustness of optimal strategies to batch‐to‐batch titer variability and extended this to assess the long‐term fit of the platform process as titers increase from 1 to 10 g/L, given a range of equipment sizes available to enable scale intensification efforts. Novel visualization plots consisting of multiple Pareto frontiers with tie‐lines connecting the position of optimal configurations over a given titer range were constructed. These enabled rapid identification of robust purification configurations given titer fluctuations and the facility limit that the purification suites could handle in terms of the maximum titer and hence harvest load. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 28: 1019–1028, 2012
Guanidines: Highly Nucleophilic Organocatalysts
Authors: Maji Biplab , Stephenson David S. , Mayr Herbert 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe nucleophile‐specific parameters N and sN, as defined by log k20 °C=sN(N+E) have been derived for the guanidines 1 a–h from the second‐order rate constants of their reactions with diarylcarbenium tetrafluoroborates in CH2Cl2 at 20 °C. The applicability of these parameters for predicting rate constants of the reactions of guanidines with ordinary Michael acceptors has been demonstrated. Comparison with other organocatalysts shows that 1,5,7‐triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec‐5‐ene, the strongest nucleophile of this series, exceeds the nucleophilicity of diazabicyclononene and 4‐(dimethylamino)pyridine by factors of 3 to 7.
FimH Antagonists: Structure–Activity and Structure–Property Relationships for Biphenyl α‐D‐Mannopyranosides
Authors: Pang Lijuan , Kleeb Simon , Lemme Katrin , Rabbani Said , Scharenberg Meike , Zalewski Adam , Schädler Florentina , Schwardt Oliver , Ernst Beat 
Published: May 2012

AbstractUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are caused primarily by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), which encode filamentous surface‐adhesive organelles called type 1 pili. FimH is located at the tips of these pili. The initial attachment of UPEC to host cells is mediated by the interaction of the carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of FimH with oligomannosides on urothelial cells. Blocking these lectins with carbohydrates or analogues thereof prevents bacterial adhesion to host cells and therefore offers a potential therapeutic approach for prevention and/or treatment of UTIs. Although numerous FimH antagonists have been developed so far, few of them meet the requirement for clinical application due to poor pharmacokinetics. Additionally, the binding mode of an antagonist to the CRD of FimH can switch from an in‐docking mode to an out‐docking mode, depending on the structure of the antagonist. In this communication, biphenyl α‐D‐mannosides were modified to improve their binding affinity, to explore their binding mode, and to optimize their pharmacokinetic properties. The inhibitory potential of the FimH antagonists was measured in a cell‐free competitive binding assay, a cell‐based flow cytometry assay, and by isothermal titration calorimetry. Furthermore, pharmacokinetic properties such as log D, solubility, and membrane permeation were analyzed. As a result, a structure–activity and structure–property relationships were established for a series of biphenyl α‐D‐mannosides.
Pupil and salivary indicators of autonomic dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Anderson Christa J. , Colombo John , Unruh Kathryn E. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractDysregulated tonic pupil size has been reported in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Among the possible sources of this dysregulation are disruptions in the feedback loop between norepinephrine (NE) and hypothalamic systems. In the current study, we examined afternoon levels of salivary alpha‐amylase (sAA, a putative correlate of NE) and cortisol (used to assess stress‐based responses) in two independent samples of children with ASD. We found a larger pupil size and lower sAA levels in ASD, compared to typical and clinical age‐matched controls. This was substantiated at the individual level, as sAA levels were strongly correlated with tonic pupil size. Relatively little diurnal variation in sAA taken in the home environment in the ASD group was also observed, while typical controls showed a significant linear increase throughout the day. Results are discussed in terms of potential early biomarkers and the elucidation of underlying neural dysfunction in ASD. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 55: 465–482, 2013
Total Syntheses of (–)‐α‐Kainic Acid
Authors: Stathakis Christos I. , Yioti Efthymia G. , Gallos John K. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractKainoid amino acids are a unique group of non‐proteinogenic pyrrolidinedicarboxylic acids. The parent member, (–)‐α‐kainic acid (originally known as digenic acid), has attracted considerable interest, largely because of its neuroexcitatory properties, as well as its pronounced insecticidal and anthelmitic activities. Because these activities are strongly due to its stereochemistry, (–)‐α‐kainic acid represents a considerable synthetic challenge, and many groups have therefore reported syntheses of kainic acids, as well as of kainoid analogues. This article is intended to review the total synthesis of kainic acid from 1996 until the end of 2011.
An Efficient Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling of Aryl Sulfamates and Boronic Acids Catalyzed by NiCl2(dppp)
Authors: Chen Guo‐Jun , Han Fu‐She 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling of aryl sulfamates and boronic acids was investigated by using [1,3‐bis(diphenylphosphanyl)propane]nickel(II) chloride {NiCl2(dppp)} as the catalyst. The results showed that NiCl2(dppp) is a highly active and general catalyst that allows effective Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling of aryl sulfamates with a slight excess amount of the boronic acid (1.2 equiv.) in the presence of a low catalyst loading (generally 1.0–1.5 mol‐%). The method also displays broad generality not only to various aryl sulfamates, but also to an array of boronic acids. Furthermore, various functional groups are tolerated. These apparent advantages make NiCl2(dppp) a practical and reliable catalyst system for the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of aryl sulfamates.