bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial fibroblast attachment to Erbium:YAG laser‐irradiated dentine
Authors: Bolortuya G. , Ebihara A. , Ichinose S. , Watanabe S. , Anjo T. , Kokuzawa C. , Saegusa H. , Kawashima N. , Suda H. 
Published: August 2011

Bolortuya G, Ebihara A, Ichinose S, Watanabe S, Anjo T, Kokuzawa C, Saegusa H, Kawashima N, Suda H.Initial fibroblast attachment to Erbium:YAG laser‐irradiated dentine.International Endodontic Journal,44, 1134–1144, 2011.AbstractAims To evaluate the effects of Erbium (Er):YAG laser irradiation on the morphology of resected dentine surfaces, and to investigate fibroblast attachment to laser‐irradiated dentine surfaces.Methodology Dentine blocks obtained from single‐rooted human teeth were divided into the following groups after sterilization in an autoclave: (i) Laser group treated with Er:YAG laser irradiation (30 mJ per pulse, 10 pps, 60 s); (ii) L‐MTAD group treated with laser irradiation as in (i) plus a mixture of doxycycline, tetracycline isomer and citric acid; (iii) RC‐Prep group treated with EDTA gel or cream (RC‐Prep) and (iv) Control group left untreated. After each treatment, the dentine blocks were incubated with NIH/3T3 fibroblasts cultured to subconfluency in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum and antibiotics. The number of attached cells amongst the groups was analysed statistically at the 5% significance level. The dentine surface morphologies and cell attachments were evaluated by counting assays, histological observations and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Results The number of attached cells was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the Laser group than in the RC‐Prep and Control groups at 16 h. Dendritic cell extension of the fibroblasts was only observed in the Laser group at 8 h by SEM. In the histological analyses, significantly more attached cells were found on the dentine surfaces treated with laser irradiation.Conclusions Er:YAG laser irradiation induced morphological alterations in dentine surfaces, which may improve the attachment of fibroblasts to dentine.
Inactivation of a Plasmodium apicoplast protein attenuates formation of liver merozoites
Authors: Haussig Joana M. , Matuschewski Kai , Kooij Taco W. A. 
Published: August 2011

SummaryMalaria parasites undergo a population expansion inside the host liver before disease onset. Developmental arrest inside host hepatocytes elicits protective immune responses. Therefore, elucidation of the molecular mechanisms leading to mature hepatic merozoites, which initiate the pathogenic blood phase, also informs anti‐malaria vaccine strategies. Using targeted gene deletion in the rodent model malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei, we show that a Plasmodium‐specific Apicoplast protein plays an important role for Liver Merozoite formation (PALM). While the resulting knockout mutants develop normally for most of the life cycle, merozoite release into the blood stream and the ability to establish an infection are severely impaired. Presence of a signature blood‐stage antigen, merozoite surface protein 1 and normal apicoplast morphology indicate that the inability to finalize merozoite segregation is a direct consequence of loss of PALM function. Experimental immunization of mice with as few as two doses of palm‐ sporozoites can elicit sterile protection up to 110 days after final immunization. Our data establish that a tailor‐made arrest in the final steps of hepatic merozoite formation can induce strong protective immune responses and that malaria parasites employ a distinct apicoplast protein for efficient formation of pre‐erythrocytic merozoites.
The neurotrophin receptor p75NTR is induced on mature myofibres in inflammatory myopathies and promotes myotube survival to inflammatory stress
Authors: Colombo E. , Romaggi S. , Blasevich F. , Mora M. , Falcone C. , Lochmüller H. , Morandi L. , Farina C. 
Published: August 2011

E. Colombo, S. Romaggi, F. Blasevich, M. Mora, C. Falcone, H. Lochmüller, L. Morandi and C. Farina (2012) Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology38, 367–378The neurotrophin receptor p75NTR is induced on mature myofibres in inflammatory myopathies and promotes myotube survival to inflammatory stressAims: Recent studies propose the neurotrophin receptor p75NTR as a marker for muscle satellite cells and a key regulator of regenerative processes after injury. Here, we investigated the contribution of cellular compartments other than satellite cells and regenerating myofibres to p75NTR signal in diseased skeletal muscle. Methods: We checked regulation of p75NTR expression in muscle biopsies from patients with inflammatory myopathies (polymyositis, dermatomyositis and inclusion body myositis), or Becker muscular dystrophy, and in nonmyopathic tissues. Quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence or electron microscopy were used. RNA interference approaches were applied to myotubes to explore p75NTR function. Results: We found p75NTR transcript and protein upregulation in all inflammatory myopathies but not in dystrophic muscle, suggesting a role for inflammatory mediators in induction of p75NTR expression. In inflamed muscle p75NTR was localized on distinct cell types, including immune cells and mature myofibres. In vitro assays on human myotubes confirmed that inflammatory factors such as IL‐1 could induce p75NTR. Finally, RNA interference experiments in differentiated cells showed that, in the absence of p75NTR, myotubes were more susceptible to apoptosis when exposed to inflammatory stimuli. Conclusions: Our observations that p75NTR is upregulated on skeletal myofibres in inflammatory myopathies in vivo and promotes resistance to inflammatory mediators in vitro suggest that neurotrophin signalling through p75NTR may mediate a tissue‐protective response to inflammation in skeletal myofibres.
Future supercontinent assembled in the northern hemisphere
Authors: Yoshida Masaki , Santosh M. 
Published: August 2011

Terra Nova, 23, 333–338, 2011AbstractContinental masses were amalgamated, broken apart and reassembled within supercontinents during different times in Earth history. Here, we attempt to predict the configuration of a potential future supercontinent based on a numerical simulation model of mantle convection. The mantle convection in our model is driven by a density anomaly compiled from a global seismic tomography model. The temporal evolution of a highly viscous continent with an initial present‐day configuration is simulated for over 250 Ma. The result reveals that Australia, Eurasia, North America and Africa would gather in the northern hemisphere to form the future supercontinent. On the other hand, Antarctica and South America remain in the present‐day position even after 250 Ma from present, and do not join the future supercontinent amalgam. The configuration of the future supercontinent numerically simulated herein is broadly consistent with the hypothetical model of the future supercontinent Amasia speculated from geological correlations.
Combined transcription factor profiling, microarray analysis and metabolite profiling reveals the transcriptional control of metabolic shifts occurring during tomato fruit development
Authors: Rohrmann Johannes , Tohge Takayuki , Alba Rob , Osorio Sonia , Caldana Camila , McQuinn Ryan , Arvidsson Samuel , van der Merwe Margaretha J. , Riaño‐Pachón Diego Mauricio , Mueller‐Roeber Bernd , Fei Zhangjun , Nesi Adriano Nunes , Giovannoni James J. , Fernie Alisdair R. 
Published: August 2011

SummaryMaturation of fleshy fruits such as tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is subject to tight genetic control. Here we describe the development of a quantitative real‐time PCR platform that allows accurate quantification of the expression level of approximately 1000 tomato transcription factors. In addition to utilizing this novel approach, we performed cDNA microarray analysis and metabolite profiling of primary and secondary metabolites using GC‐MS and LC‐MS, respectively. We applied these platforms to pericarp material harvested throughout fruit development, studying both wild‐type Solanum lycopersicum cv. Ailsa Craig and the hp1 mutant. This mutant is functionally deficient in the tomato homologue of the negative regulator of the light signal transduction gene DDB1 from Arabidopsis, and is furthermore characterized by dramatically increased pigment and phenolic contents. We choose this particular mutant as it had previously been shown to have dramatic alterations in the content of several important fruit metabolites but relatively little impact on other ripening phenotypes. The combined dataset was mined in order to identify metabolites that were under the control of these transcription factors, and, where possible, the respective transcriptional regulation underlying this control. The results are discussed in terms of both programmed fruit ripening and development and the transcriptional and metabolic shifts that occur in parallel during these processes.
Comparative deep transcriptional profiling of four developing oilseeds
Authors: Troncoso‐Ponce Manuel A. , Kilaru Aruna , Cao Xia , Durrett Timothy P. , Fan Jilian , Jensen Jacob K. , Thrower Nick A. , Pauly Markus , Wilkerson Curtis , Ohlrogge John B. 
Published: August 2011

SummaryTranscriptome analysis based on deep expressed sequence tag (EST) sequencing allows quantitative comparisons of gene expression across multiple species. Using pyrosequencing, we generated over 7 million ESTs from four stages of developing seeds of Ricinus communis, Brassica napus, Euonymus alatus and Tropaeolum majus, which differ in their storage tissue for oil, their ability to photosynthesize and in the structure and content of their triacylglycerols (TAG). The larger number of ESTs in these 16 datasets provided reliable estimates of the expression of acyltransferases and other enzymes expressed at low levels. Analysis of EST levels from these oilseeds revealed both conserved and distinct species‐specific expression patterns for genes involved in the synthesis of glycerolipids and their precursors. Independent of the species and tissue type, ESTs for core fatty acid synthesis enzymes maintained a conserved stoichiometry and a strong correlation in temporal profiles throughout seed development. However, ESTs associated with non‐plastid enzymes of oil biosynthesis displayed dissimilar temporal patterns indicative of different regulation. The EST levels for several genes potentially involved in accumulation of unusual TAG structures were distinct. Comparison of expression of members from multi‐gene families allowed the identification of specific isoforms with conserved function in oil biosynthesis. In all four oilseeds, ESTs for Rubisco were present, suggesting its possible role in carbon metabolism, irrespective of light availability. Together, these data provide a resource for use in comparative and functional genomics of diverse oilseeds. Expression data for more than 350 genes encoding enzymes and proteins involved in lipid metabolism are available at the ‘ARALIP’ website (http://aralip.plantbiology.msu.edu/).
Cryoprecipitate transfusion: assessing appropriateness and dosing in trauma
Authors: Nascimento B. , Rizoli S. , Rubenfeld G. , Fukushima R. , Ahmed N. , Nathens A. , Lin Y. , Callum J. 
Published: August 2011

Background: Originally developed for patients with congenital factor VIII deficiency, cryoprecipitate is currently largely used for acquired hypofibrinogenemia in the context of bleeding. However, scant evidence supports this indication and cryoprecipitate is commonly used outside guidelines. In trauma, the appropriate cryoprecipitate dose and its impact on plasma fibrinogen levels are unclear.Objectives: The aims were to evaluate (i) the appropriateness of cryoprecipitate transfusion in trauma and (ii) the plasma fibrinogen response to cryoprecipitate transfusion during massive transfusion in trauma.Methods: Retrospective review (January 1998–June 2008) of indications, dose and plasma fibrinogen response to cryoprecipitate transfusion at a large teaching hospital. A fibrinogen of <1·0 g L−1 within 2 and 6 h of transfusion was used for evaluating appropriateness.Results: Ten thousand five hundred and forty cryoprecipitate units were transfused in 1004 patients. Thirty‐seven percent and 31% were used in cardiac surgery and trauma, respectively. In 394 events in trauma, 238 (60%) and 259 (66%) were considered appropriate using the 2‐ and 6‐h cut‐off criteria, respectively. In patients who did not receive plasma components 2 h prior to cryoprecipitate, a dose of 8·7 (±1·7) units caused a mean increase in fibrinogen levels of 0·55 (±0·24) g L−1, or 0·06 g L−1 per unit.Conclusions: In our hospital, where transfusion guidelines are overseen by transfusion medicine specialists and technologists, and policies for rapid blood component and laboratory turnaround times exist, it is possible to achieve high rates of appropriateness for cryoprecipitate transfusion in trauma. The current recommended dose causes a modest increase in fibrinogen levels (0·55 g L−1).
Burden and outcome of HIV infection and other morbidities in health care workers attending an Occupational Health Program at the Provincial Hospital of Tete, Mozambique
Authors: Casas Esther Carrillo , Decroo Tom , Mahoudo Jules Aimé Bonou , Baltazar Jesus Maria , Dores Carla Das , Cumba Luisa , De Weggheleire Anja , Huyst Veerle , Bottieau Emmanuel 
Published: August 2011

SummaryObjectives  To investigate the burden and outcome of HIV infection and other morbidities amongst a Mozambican hospital staff.Methods  Within an occupational health service set up in April 2008 in the provincial hospital of Tete, Mozambique, we offered to all staff members an initial clinical, laboratory and radiological screening and followed them up prospectively until April 2010.Results  A total of 47.5% of 423 health workers attended the program. The cohort (female‐to‐male ratio: 2.2; mean age: 39 years) consisted mostly of auxiliary staff (43%) and nurses (29.8%). At initial screening, 71% were asymptomatic. HIV infection (28.4%) and tuberculosis (TB) (21%) were the main reported antecedent illnesses. Laboratory screening revealed anaemia (haemoglobin level <10 mg/dl) in 9% participants, abnormal liver enzymes in 23.9% and a reactive non‐treponemal syphilis test in 5%. Of 145 performed chest X‐rays, 13% showed abnormalities. All 113 health workers not recently tested for HIV were screened, and 31 were newly diagnosed with HIV infection (resulting in an overall HIV prevalence of 43.8%). Nine cases of TB were diagnosed at screening/during follow‐up. In April 2010, all but one of the participants were alive. All HIV‐infected health workers under antiretroviral therapy were actively followed‐up.Conclusion  Serious conditions were frequently diagnosed in health workers, in particular HIV infection. Mid‐term outcome was favourable within this program. Creation of screening and care services dedicated to caregivers should be of highest priority in similar African settings.
Evaluation of active tuberculosis case finding through symptom screening and sputum microscopy of close contacts in Shandong, China
Authors: Zhang Xiulei , Wei Xiaolin , Zou Guanyang , Walley John , Zhang Hongmei , Guo Xiaoyan , Zhu Li , Liu Zhimin 
Published: August 2011

SummaryObjectives  To evaluate the effect of active case finding through symptom screening and sputum microscopy of close contacts in a Fidelis (Fund for Innovative DOTS Expansion through Local Initiatives to Stop TB) project.Methods  Secondary data from all 35 counties were collected during implementation and used. They comprised new cases identified, number of close contacts screened and their relationships. Fifty‐four in‐depth interviews were conducted with staff from key stakeholders.Results  A total of 13 310 symptomatic contacts of 5255 index cases were screened, and 90 new smear‐positive cases were detected with a yield rate of 0.7%. The yield rate of close contacts was positively associated with smear grades of the index cases (P < 0.01). Close contacts of cases, such as classmates and workmates, who lived in a closed contained setting, had a higher yield rate than family members (P < 0.001). Gaps in project implementation such as training, incentives and sputum collection were identified through in‐depth interviews.Conclusions  The yield rate of close‐contact screening of 0.7% was similar to other findings in China. There was a higher yield from screening of close contacts in congregated settings like schools and workshops. Future active case finding projects should provide clear operational guidelines and adequate training.
Microcirculatory alterations after orthotopic pig‐to‐baboon heart transplantation
Authors: Bauer Andreas , Renz Vivian , Baschnegger Heiko , Abicht Jan‐Michael , Beiras‐Fernandez Andres , Brenner Paolo , Thein Eckart , Schmoeckel Michael , Reichart Bruno , Christ Frank 
Published: August 2011

Bauer A, Renz V, Baschnegger H, Abicht J‐M, Beiras‐Fernandez A, Brenner P, Thein E, Schmoeckel M, Reichart B, Christ F. Microcirculatory alterations after orthotopic pig‐to‐baboon heart transplantation. Xenotransplantation 2011; 18: 232–238. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Background:  Whilst macrohemodynamic function of porcine xenografts transplanted into baboons has been assessed perioperatively, the ability of the xenograft to maintain systemic microcirculatory perfusion has not been investigated after pig‐to‐baboon xenotransplantation so far.Methods:  We investigated the sublingual microcirculation of six baboons undergoing orthotopic transplantation of hCD46‐transgenic pig hearts using orthogonal polarization spectral imaging. Microvascular measurements were performed after induction of anesthesia, in the early phase of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), during reperfusion of the porcine heart and 1 h after the xenograft had resumed its life‐supporting function. Microvascular blood flow was analyzed semiquantitatively and the number of visualized cell‐to‐cell interactions was counted.Results:  The proportion of continuously perfused microvessels was 97 (96 to 97) % at baseline and 95 (94 to 97) % in the early phase of CPB. It decreased significantly (P < 0.05) during CPB to 89 (84 to 91), and alterations were still present (P < 0.05) when CPB was terminated and the xenograft had taken over systemic perfusion 83 (81 to 85) %. The microcirculatory changes correlated with the lactate levels (y = 18.1–0.18 x; r2 = 0.55; P < 0.001), but no correlation with macrohemodynamic parameters was found.Conclusion:  Microvascular blood flow is altered after orthotopic pig‐to‐baboon heart transplantation, despite systemic hemodynamic parameters being well maintained by the porcine xenograft. These changes are moderate but persist after termination of CPB. Further studies need to elucidate whether these changes are transient or add to the mortality associated with cardiac xenotransplantation.
Identification of yeast isolated from dermatological patients by MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry
Authors: Seyfarth Florian , Wiegand Cornelia , Erhard Marcel , Gräser Yvonne , Elsner Peter , Hipler Uta‐Christina 
Published: August 2011

SummarySpecies identification of yeasts is based on biochemical (e.g. API ID 32 C®, bioMérieux) and molecular biological approaches. As an alternative to DNA‐dependent methods, mass spectral analysis based identification of micro‐organisms has become increasingly recognized. In a number of studies, matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS) has been applied for the rapid classification and identification of micro‐organisms. In this study, the applicability of MALDI‐TOF MS for identifying yeasts isolated from dermatological patients was analysed and compared with the results from the API ID 32 C® system. Furthermore, sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of the ribosomal DNA was employed as reference method. Candida (C.) albicans was isolated in 41.9% of all cases, C. parapsilosis in 20.3%, C. glabrata in 10.8%, and C. krusei in 6, 8.1%. Rarely isolated yeasts were Candida colliculosa, famata, guilliermondii, lusitaniae, and tropicalis as well as Geotrichum candidum, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Trichosporon mucoides. The MALDI TOF results were equal to the results gained by ITS sequence analysis in 94%, whereas API ID 32 C® provided the correct diagnosis in 84.3% (of all cases). This lower identification rate is mostly referable to frequent misidentifications of C. krusei as C. inconspicua/norvegensis,Candida tropicalis, or Geotrichum capitatum. In contrast, all C. krusei strains were correctly identified by MALDI TOF MS. In conclusion, species identification by MALDI‐TOF MS was proven to be consistent with ITS sequence analysis; the technique has a resolving power comparatively as high as ITS sequence analysis.
Allergic contact dermatitis caused by a cell phone cover
Authors: Williams Penelope Jane , King Clodagh , Arslanian Vicky 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTWe describe a case of contact dermatitis to a phone cover, which was compounded by secondary allergic contact dermatitis to topical creams used. The phone cover was advertised as being composed of silicone only. Patch testing with the cover material confirmed the diagnosis. In addition, there were positive patch test reactions to a number of allergens in the plastics and glues series from Chemotechnique Diagnostics (Malmö, Sweden). The increasing use of phone covers and the multiple positive reactions to chemicals used in plastic manufacture seen in this case suggest that similar allergic reactions may occur more frequently in the future and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of facial dermatitis.
Lipoid proteinosis presenting with an unusual nonsense Q32X mutation in exon 2 of the extracellular matrix protein 1 gene
Authors: Chelvan H Thamizh , Narasimhan Malathi , Shankaran Subramanian Anandhan , Subramaniam Shobhana 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTLipoid proteinosis (LP) is a rare disorder characterized by extensive hyaline‐like deposits on the skin, mucous membranes and various internal organs with varying clinical manifestations. The disorder has been recently shown to result from loss‐of‐function mutations in the extracellular matrix protein 1 gene (ECM1) on 1Q21. The two cases reported here had typical clinical and histological features consistent with LP. Direct sequencing of amplified DNA from the second patient showed a single nucleotide substitution (C > T) at nucleotide 94 within exon 2 of the ECM1 gene, nonsense mutation Q32X. This is the second case reported of LP with involvement of exon 2 of ECM1.