bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is Intending to Have Children Rightist? A Research Note on Political Ideology and Fertility Intentions
Authors: Arpino Bruno , Mogi Ryohei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Social scientists have long been interested in how attitudes and values influence fertility intentions and behaviors. The role of political ideology has, on the contrary, been overlooked. Right-wing people tend to be more religious, to hold more traditional views on gender roles and on the importance of the family. Therefore, right-wing people may be more likely to hold positive fertility intentions that individuals with other political orientations. In addition, political ideology may have an effect on fertility intention independent of other attitudes. Using two rounds of the European Social Survey, we show that people that position at the extreme right of the political ideology scale are more likely to intend to have a child during the three years following the interview. This association holds even after accounting for several socio-demographic and economic factors, values and attitudes. Heterogeneity tests show that the association is restricted to younger individuals (aged 20–34), with higher levels of education (at least upper secondary), and individuals in Eastern Europe. In Southern Europe right-wing individuals show significantly higher predicted probabilities of a positive fertility intention compared people that locate themselves in the political center. The statistically significant associations are also sizeable (differences in terms of predicted probabilities vary between 4 and 9 percentage points). These results point to the importance of considering a neglected factor in fertility research and contribute to the growing field of Political Demography.
A patient diagnosed with new-onset type 1 diabetes and Addison’s disease at initial presentation
Authors: Towslee Emma , Macdonald Adrienne , Shoar Zohreh 
Published: May 2024

Summary
A previously healthy 17-year-old female presented to the emergency department with complaints of vomiting, shortness of breath, and tachycardia. She was found to have an elevated blood glucose and was admitted for presumed new onset type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). During the admission, she was noted to have frequent episodes of hypoglycemia despite conservative insulin dosing and high urine output with glucosuria, which seemed out of proportion to her glucose levels and fluid status. She also had persistent hyponatremia despite normalization of blood glucose. Further work-up was initiated to investigate alternative or additional diagnoses to explain these atypical findings. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) level was elevated, consistent with the diagnosis of Addison’s disease, which led to the subsequent diagnosis of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type II (APS-2). This is one of the first reports in the literature of concurrent diagnosis of T1DM and Addison’s disease at initial presentation and demonstrates the importance of not anchoring to one diagnosis.

Learning points

This case shows the importance of considering multiple diagnoses and investigating atypical signs and symptoms.

This case highlights the importance of a thorough history including review of systems.

Hyponatremia and recurrent hypoglycemia in a person with type 1 diabetes should raise suspicion for adrenal insufficiency.

This case makes us consider the screening for Addison’s disease in a person with new onset type 1 diabetes in addition to autoimmune thyroid disease and celiac disease.

People with an autoimmune disease should be monitored for other autoimmune diseases in the future.
Theoretical and experimental study of the dynamic and vibratory behavior of gears
Authors: Benbouaza Abdelkader , Regad Youssef , Azzaoui Hanae , Elrhanimi Samah 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study is devoted to condition-based maintenance using vibration analysis. It proposes a numerical and experimental methodology to assist in the detection and vibratory monitoring of chipping faults on gear teeth.The aim of this work is to model the dynamic behavior of the gear link and to treat the vibration behavior of gear flaws theoretically and experimentally. This article is going to study the case of a breast gear, a defect located on the wheel, another defect on the pinion and the wheel and the insufficient center distance defect based on experiments carried out on a test bench manufactured in the laboratory.
Prevalence of dysmagnesemia among CKD patients in North India
Authors: Prisi Shailata , Nandi Kajal , Jamatia Elvia , Kumar Biswas Biplob , Khurana Vatsala , Goswami Binita 
Published: May 2024

Magnesium is the second-most common intracellular cation after calcium with 99% of total body magnesium distributed intracellularly in bones, muscles, and soft tissues. Only 1% of total body magnesium is present extracellularly that contributes to the normal serum magnesium concentration of 1.8–2.6 mg/dL. Recently, many studies have focused on the role of magnesium homeostasis and human health. Diabetes and hypertension are the leading causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and the significance of magnesium in CKD has been astonishing in medical practice. In this study, we investigated the serum levels of magnesium and its prevalence at different stages of CKD. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted over a period of 2 months. Serum magnesium levels were analysed in 224 patients with CKD and were grouped into five stages of CKD according to the guidelines of the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) based on glomerular filtration rate. Laboratory data of patients was analysed using the IBM SPSS V23 software (Chicago, USA) for statistical relationship between serum magnesium levels and stages of CKD in patients with CKD. Mean serum magnesium level of the study population was 2.21 ± 0.75 mg/dL; 50.9% of the patients were normomagnesemic (normal level of magnesium ions in the blood), followed by 30.4% hypomagnesemic and 20.5%, hypermagnesemic. CKD was more common in males (63.4%), compared to females (36.6%). Mean age of patients in G5 stage was significantly higher than in G3a, G3b, and G4 stages (P = 0.001). A progressive decline in renal function and retention of uraemic solutes was observed with progression of CKD. Multiple factors, both inherited or acquired, such as diuretics and alcohol, are implicated in controlling serum magnesium levels. Magnesium deficiency leads to 2.12-fold higher risk of progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
Factores subjetivos y materiales que condicionan la presencia de criaderos de mosquitos en residuos domiciliarios en Asunción, Paraguay
Authors: Lima-Pereira Patricia 
Published: May 2024

Dentro de los hogares, los residuos sólidos voluminosos constituyen el tipo de criadero más frecuente del mosquito transmisor del dengue. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar y describir la relación entre factores materiales y subjetivos, a través de un marco teórico socioecológico de prevención de la salud. Se realiza un estudio transversal descriptivo, mediante una muestra aleatoria simple de 350 hogares en Asunción, Paraguay. Para comparar los hogares, según la presencia o no de criaderos de gran tamaño, se usa la prueba de chi cuadrado, en el caso de variables categóricas, el test estadístico no paramétrico Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon, el test estadístico robusto T de Yuen y un análisis multivariado de regresión logística, para el cálculo del Odd Ratio (OR). El estudio concluye que se deben trascender los enfoques individualistas en la prevención del dengue y aumentar las capacidades de gestión en los hogares. Abordalas barreras del entorno y las creencias sociales, dado que el factor que explica con mayor fuerza estadística la existencia de objetos en desuso dentro de los hogares es la creencia de considerarlos de utilidad en el futuro. En el análisis multivariado, la percepción de utilidad del potencial criadero fue la variable que más explicaba la conducta. La otra variable significativa fue la baja cobertura de recolección de residuos.
Evolución espacio-temporal de las unidades de ordenamiento ambiental (ZPB, ZPAES) y el refugio de vida silvestre de Los Pantanos de Villa, Perú (1987-2022)
Authors: Fabian Tolentino Elveis Daniel , Torres Cordero Nina Aleli , Bardales Martínez María Fernanda , Naquiche Yesquen Dagnert Luis , Ramírez Huaroto Dámaso Wilfredo 
Published: May 2024

Los humedales costeros adyacentes a zonas urbanas, como los Pantanos de Villa en la ciudad de Lima, Perú, están sujetos a cambios constantes en el uso del suelo debido a la interacción antropogénica. Esto ha llevado a la reducción de áreas de vegetación densa, dando paso a zonas edificadas. Por esta razón, el presente artículo aborda la problemática de los cambios físicos experimentados en las zonas urbanas adyacentes al humedal, como las unidades de ordenamiento ambiental, en este caso la Zona de Protección de Afloramiento y Escorrentía Superficial (ZPAES y la Zona de Protección Paisajística de Borde (ZPB), así como el Refugio de Vida Silvestre Pantanos de Villa (RVSPV), como consecuencia de la rápida expansión urbana. Por ello, el objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la evolución espacial y temporal del entorno de los Pantanos de Villa y la urbanización dentro de las Unidades de Ordenamiento Ambiental ZPB, ZPAES y el RVSPV. Para ello, se utilizó la plataforma de Google Earth Engine (GEE) y se procesaron imágenes satelitales de los sensores Landsat 5 TM y Sentinel 2 MSI. Estas imágenes se trabajaron en la interfaz de GEE y se analizaron utilizando índices espectrales, NDVI y NDBI, mediante códigos de álgebra de mapas y el enmascaramiento de píxeles. Para la representación cartográfica, se empleó un Sistema de Información Geográfica (SIG). Los resultados muestran un aumento del 291.12% en la superficie edificada y una reducción del 26% en la superficie vegetal en los últimos 35 años, para las Unidades de Ordenamiento Ambiental ZPB y ZPAES, y el RVSPV. La reducción identificada se relaciona directamente con la expansión no planificada de la superficie urbana y las actividades antropogénicas.
Hollow fiber bioreactor allows sustained production of immortalized mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles
Authors: Garcia Sergio G , Sanroque-Muñoz Marta , Clos-Sansalvador Marta , Font-Morón Miriam , Monguió-Tortajada Marta , Borràs Francesc E. , Franquesa Marcella 
Published: May 2024

Aim: Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have been reported to hold great potential as cell-free therapies due to their low immunogenicity and minimal toxicity. However, the large doses of MSC-EVs that are required for their clinical application highlight the urgency of finding a large-scale system for MSC-EV manufacture. In this study, we aimed to set up a hollow fiber bioreactor system for the continuous homogenous production of functional and high-quality MSC-EVs.
Methods: MSC lines from two donors were immortalized (iMSC) and inoculated into hollow fiber bioreactors. Throughout 4 weeks, conditioned medium was daily harvested. iMSC-EVs were purified and characterized for content, immunophenotype, size, and functionality and compared to 2D cultured iMSC.
Results: The iMSC inoculated into the bioreactor remained viable during the whole culture period, and they maintained their MSC phenotype at the end of EV production. Our results showed that the bioreactor system allows to obtain 3D-cultured iMSC-derived EVs (3D-EVs) that are comparable to flask (2D)-cultured iMSC-derived EVs (2D-EVs) in terms of protein and lipid content, size, and phenotype. We also confirm that 3D-derived EVs exhibit comparable functionality to 2D-EVs, showing pro-angiogenic potential in a dose-dependent manner.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that setting up a hollow fiber bioreactor system inoculating immortalized MSC lines facilitates the large-scale, functional, and high-quality production of iMSC-EVs. Our results emphasize the great potential of this production methodology to standardize EV production in the pursuit of clinical applications.
Identification of Fake Messages Using Two PKCs
Authors: Dissanayake W.D.M.G.M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In this paper, two public key cryptosystems are presented and analyzed. The first cryptosystem is an improvement of the RSA public key cryptosystem. The second cryptosystem is a novel public key cryptosystem. The encryption/decryption moduli of the second scheme are quite different from widely used encryption/decryption moduli by other public key cryptosystems. This cryptosystem is based on the exponentiation congruence and use an interesting, computer-friendly modulus: 2^n. These primitives can be used in protocols for authentication, key exchanges, and digital signatures. These two public key cryptosystems are more suitable for highly confidential digital transactions. Both of the cryptosystems are strongly IND secure. The most important thing is, that the both of the public key cryptosystems can identify whether a message is fake. The second public key cryptosystem is more secure for quantum attacks than the RSA. It is also very collaborative with hash functions such as Whirlpool and SHA-512, because of the modulus 2^n.
The transcriptional landscape underlying larval development and metamorphosis in the Malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus)
Authors: Huerlimann Roger , Roux Natacha , Maeda Ken , Pilieva Polina , Miura Saori , Chen Hsiao-chian , Izumiyama Michael , Laudet Vincent , Ravasi Timothy 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Most teleost fishes exhibit a biphasic life history with a larval oceanic phase that is transformed into morphologically and physiologically different demersal, benthic or pelagic juveniles. This process of transformation is characterized by a myriad of hormone induced changes, during the often abrupt transition between larval and juvenile phases called metamorphosis. Thyroid hormones (TH) are known to be instrumental for triggering and coordinating this transformation but other hormonal systems such as corticoids, might be also involved as it is the case in amphibians. In order to investigate the potential involvement of these two hormonal pathways in marine fish post-embryonic development, we used the Malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus) as a model system. We assembled a chromosome-scale genome sequence and conducted a transcriptomic analysis of nine larval developmental stages. We studied the expression patterns of genes involved in TH and corticoid pathways, as well as four biological processes known to be regulated by TH in other teleost species: ossification, pigmentation, visual perception, and metabolism. Surprisingly, we observed an activation of many of the same pathways involved in metamorphosis also at an early stage of the larval development, suggesting an additional implication of these pathways in the formation of early larval features. Overall, our data brings new evidence to the controversial interplay between corticoids and thyroid hormones during metamorphosis as well as, surprisingly, during the early larval development. Further experiments will be needed to investigate the precise role of both pathways during these two distinct periods and whether an early activation of both corticoid and thyroid hormone pathways occur in other teleost species.
Mixed methods analysis of medical students' symptoms and feelings during a catastrophic period
Authors: Felix Soraia Nogueira , Costa Anna Paula Lima , Andrade Juliana Matsumoto , Correia Aristides Tadeu , Costa Fernanda Magalhães Arantes , Kobayasi Renata , Garcia Maria Lúcia Bueno , Martins Milton de Arruda , Tempski Patrícia Zen , Tibério Iolanda de Fátima Lopes Calvo , Romanholo Beatriz Mangueira Saraiva 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Social restrictions and isolation during pandemic may have contributed to various physical and emotional disorders. We aimed to assess the perceptions of medical students regarding their emotions, anxiety and depression symptoms, and daily experiences during the pandemic.
Methods: a prospective mixed methods study involving students in their 1st to 4th years of medicine at a university in São Paulo, Brazil(2020-2021). Participants completed standardized questionnaires online about anxiety, depression, happiness, and quality of life, and participated in an online focus group.
Results: A total of 313 students completed the questionnaires, 200 were involved in the focus group. Women exhibited higher scores for anxiety (p=0.002) and depression (p=0.007); men demonstrated better quality of life (p=0.042). Younger students presented better quality of life (p=0.048) and lower anxiety (p=0.001). The focus groups revealed recurring negative feelings: anxiety, depression, tiredness, loneliness, difficulty managing time and others, resulting in reduced mental and physical health during the pandemic. Coping strategies were discussed, including the adoption of new healthy habits, religious practices, and reconnection with family.
Limitations:while there are moderate correlations, the instruments utilized do not provide diagnoses and do not suggest a causal link. Nonparametric processes can cause bias in a correlational study like this one.
Conclusion: Depression and anxiety symptoms were more prevalent among females, while quality of life improved for younger and male students. The qualitative analysis enhanced our understanding of the determinants and consequences of students' recurring negative feelings and revealed positive aspects such asgreater proximity to family and religiosity.
Towards net-zero emissions in global residential heating and cooling: a global scenario analysis
Authors: Mastrucci Alessio , Boza-Kiss Benigna , Ruijven Bas van 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Accounting for 21% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, buildings play a crucial role in climate change mitigation. Demand-side interventions entail large energy and GHG emission reduction potentials. The effects of broader mitigation policies at the global level beyond energy efficiency improvements, including sufficiency and structural changes, and their interaction with cross-sectoral climate policies are, however, still unclear. Here, we assess a comprehensive set of scenarios to reduce residential space heating and cooling emissions towards net-zero targets. We find that activity reductions, fuel shifts, and technological improvements can reduce current global residential space heating and cooling CO2 emissions by 61% until 2050. Combining these demand-side interventions and stringent climate policies entails up to 96% reduction of current CO2 emissions by 2050. Neutralizing residual direct CO2 emissions due to fossil fuels for space heating would require additional interventions.
Introducing gene-edited copies of BrSOC1 genes into late-bolting inbred Chinese cabbage lines effectively delays bolting
Authors: Jung Haemyeong , Park Hyun Ji , Jo Seung Hee , Lee Areum , Jung Min , Kim Youn-Sung , Cho Hye Sun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Late bolting occurs when a plant inherits two recessive late-bolting alleles at the same locus, requiring time and effort for sustainable cultivar development.
Results
We generated late-bolting F1 hybrids by crossing Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa) lines genome-edited in SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO1 (BrSOC1) with late-bolting inbred lines. We generated F1 hybrids by crossing Cas9-free lines with knockouts in two or three BrSOC1 genes to early- or late-bolting inbred lines. Crossing brsoc1 knockout lines with the early-bolting 20 inbred line delayed bolting compared with parental lines. However, the extent of delayed bolting was more pronounced when using late-bolting inbred lines as parents. We selected JN06 and JN08 as late-bolting inbred lines with low expression of BrSOC1s: F1 hybrids derived from crosses between brsoc1s and JN06 or JN08 showed significantly improved late-bolting traits, with more days after bolting and more leaves produced, surpassing those of the parental lines. Notably, F1 hybrids carrying one gene-edited copy of each BrSOC1 exhibited a greater delay in bolting, of up to 12 days, compared with F1 hybrids carrying fewer gene-edited brsoc1 copies. The expression levels of genes downstream of SOC1 were also significantly lower in the F1 hybrids compared with the parental lines. Furthermore, these F1 hybrids demonstrated greater resistance to bolting than commercial varieties.
Conclusions
Our findings highlight the efficacy of generating F1 hybrids using genome-edited brsoc1s as a parent to inhibit bolting in Chinese cabbage and expedite the breeding of cultivars with improved traits.
A Nomogram model for predicting early hyperglycemia in premature infants
Authors: Wang Yongming , Xu Fengzhi , Yin Huijuan , Xu Wang , Luo Jingxia , He Jianping , Wu Shasha 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Hyperglycemia in preterm infants is likely to lead to severe complications and higher mortality. Timely identification of hyperglycemia in preterm infants is vital for the prognosis of patients. We developed and validated predictive models for hyperglycemia in preterm infants < 32 weeks of gestational age to aid in the early detection of these patients.
METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed on 460 premature infants to examine the association of various clinical variables with hyperglycemia. We collected data from June 1, 2021, to May 31, 2023. clinical and demographic parameters were analyzed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis(backward method). We constructed a nomogram to assess the risk of hyperglycemia. The model's accuracy was validated using bootstrap resampling (n=500), and the POC curve was used for discrimination analysis to calibrate function and value. Calibration was evaluated via a calibration curve. The model's clinical utility was evaluated through decision curve analysis.
RESULTS: Of the 29 potential predictors analyzed in 460 premature infants, the incidence of hyperglycemia was 24.1%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified birth weight, invasive ventilation, and Intraventricular hemorrhage as independent risk factors for premature infants with hyperglycemia. The resulting nomogram accurately predicted hyperglycemia risk with an area under the curve of 0.735(95%CI: 0.685-0.786). The bootstrap-validated area under the curve remained at 0.735(95%CI: 0.687-0.785). This model exhibited excellent calibration and demonstrated greater predictive efficacy and clinical utility for hyperglycemia. CONCLUSIONS: We have developed a prediction nomogram of hyperglycemia that can assist clinical treatment decision-making.