bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
State-dependent alteration in face emotion recognition in depression
Authors: Anderson Ian M. , Shippen Clare , Juhasz Gabriella , Chase Diana , Thomas Emma , Downey Darragh , Toth Zoltan G. , Lloyd-Williams Kathryn , Elliott Rebecca , Deakin J. F. William 
Published: January 2011

BackgroundNegative biases in emotional processing are well recognised in people who are currently depressed but are less well described in those with a history of depression, where such biases may contribute to vulnerability to relapse.AimsTo compare accuracy, discrimination and bias in face emotion recognition in those with current and remitted depression.MethodThe sample comprised a control group (n= 101), a currently depressed group (n= 30) and a remitted depression group (n= 99). Participants provided valid data after receiving a computerised face emotion recognition task following standardised assessment of diagnosis and mood symptoms.ResultsIn the control group women were more accurate in recognising emotions than men owing to greater discrimination. Among participants with depression, those in remission correctly identified more emotions than controls owing to increased response bias, whereas those currently depressed recognised fewer emotions owing to decreased discrimination. These effects were most marked for anger, fear and sadness but there was no significant emotion × group interaction, and a similar pattern tended to be seen for happiness although not for surprise or disgust. These differences were confined to participants who were antidepressant-free, with those taking antidepressants having similar results to the control group.ConclusionsAbnormalities in face emotion recognition differ between people with current depression and those in remission. Reduced discrimination in depressed participants may reflect withdrawal from the emotions of others, whereas the increased bias in those with a history of depression could contribute to vulnerability to relapse. The normal face emotion recognition seen in those taking medication may relate to the known effects of antidepressants on emotional processing and could contribute to their ability to protect against depressive relapse.
Pre- and Post-Transplantation Risk Factors for Delirium Onset and Severity in Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation
Authors: Fann Jesse R. , Hubbard Rebecca A. , Alfano Catherine M. , Roth-Roemer Sari , Katon Wayne J. , Syrjala Karen L. 
Published: January 2011

PurposeTo determine pre- and post-transplantation risk factors for delirium onset and severity during the acute phase of myeloablative hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT).Patients and MethodsNinety adult patients with malignancies admitted to the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center for their first HSCT were assessed prospectively from 1 week before transplantation to 30 days after transplantation. Delirium was assessed three times per week using the Delirium Rating Scale and the Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale. Potential risk factors were assessed by patient self-report, charts, and computerized records. Multivariable analysis of time to onset of a delirium episode was undertaken using Cox proportional hazards regression with time-varying covariates. Analysis for delirium severity was carried out using a linear mixed effects model. Validation and sensitivity analyses were performed on the final models.ResultsForty-five patients (50%) experienced a delirium episode. Pretransplantation risk factors for onset and higher severity of delirium were higher mean alkaline phosphatase and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. Poorer pretransplantation executive functioning was also associated with higher delirium severity. Higher doses of opioid medications were the only post-transplantation risk factor for delirium onset (hazard ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.08). Higher opioid doses, current and prior pain, and higher BUN levels were post-transplantation risk factors for greater delirium severity (all P < .01).ConclusionPre- and post-transplantation factors can assist in identifying patients who are at risk for delirium during myeloablative HSCT and may enable clinical interventions to prevent delirium onset or decrease delirium symptoms.
Pediatric Phase I Trial and Pharmacokinetic Study of Dasatinib: A Report From the Children's Oncology Group Phase I Consortium
Authors: Aplenc Richard , Blaney Susan M. , Strauss Lewis C. , Balis Frank M. , Shusterman Suzanne , Ingle Ashish Mark , Agrawal Shruti , Sun Junfeng , Wright John J. , Adamson Peter C. 
Published: January 2011

Purpose Dasatinib is an orally available tyrosine kinase inhibitor with low nanomolar activity against SRC family kinases, BCR-ABL, c-KIT, EPHA2, and the PDGF-β receptor. Dasatinib was found to have selective activity in several tumor models in the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program. Patients and Methods A phase I study of dasatinib in pediatric patients with refractory solid tumors or imatinib-refractory, Philadelphia chromosome–positive leukemia was performed. Dose levels of 50, 65, 85, and 110 mg/m2/dose, administered orally twice daily for 28 days, with courses repeated without interruption, were studied. Pharmacokinetic studies were performed with the initial dose. Results A total of 39 patients (solid tumors, n = 28; chronic myeloid leukemia [CML], n = 9; acute lymphoblastic leukemia, n = 2) were enrolled. No dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were observed at the 50, 65, and 85 mg/m2 dose levels. At 110 mg/m2, two of six patients experienced DLT including grade 2 diarrhea and headache. In children with leukemia, grade 4 hypokalemia (50 mg/m2), grade 3 diarrhea (85 mg/m2), and grade 2 creatinine elevation (50 mg/m2) were observed. DLT in later courses included pleural effusions, hemangiomatosis, and GI hemorrhage. There were three complete cytogenetic responses, three partial cytogenetic responses, and two partial/minimal cytogenetic responses observed in evaluable patients with CML. Conclusion Overall, drug disposition and tolerability of dasatinib were similar to those observed in adult patients.
Influence of Gynecologic Oncologists on the Survival of Patients With Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Chan John K. , Sherman Alexander E. , Kapp Daniel S. , Zhang Ruxi , Osann Kathryn E. , Maxwell Larry , Chen Lee-May , Deshmukh Harshal 
Published: January 2011

Purpose Despite a lack of evidence for survival benefit, the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology has recommendations for referral to gynecologic oncologists for the treatment of endometrial cancer. Therefore, we propose to determine the influence of gynecologic oncologists on the treatment and survival of patients with endometrial cancer. Patients and Methods Data were obtained from Medicare and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) databases from 1988 to 2005. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard methods were used for analyses. Results Of 18,338 women, 21.4% received care from gynecologic oncologists (group A) while 78.6% were treated by others (group B). Women in group A were older (age > 71 years: 49.6% v 44%; P < .001), had more lymph nodes (> 16) removed (22% v 17%; P < .001), presented with more advanced (stages III to IV) cancers (21.9% v 14.6%; P < .001), had higher-grade tumors (P < .001), and were more likely to receive chemotherapy for advanced disease (22.6% v 12.4%; P < .001). In those with stages II to IV disease, the 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) of group A was 79% versus 73% in group B (P = .001). Moreover, in advanced-stage (III to IV) disease, group A had 5-year DSS of 72% versus 64% in group B (P < .001). However, no association with DSS was identified in stage I cancers. On multivariable analysis, younger age, early stage, lower grade, and treatment by gynecologic oncologists were independent prognostic factors for improved survival. Conclusion Patients with endometrial cancer treated by gynecologic oncologists were more likely to undergo staging surgery and receive adjuvant chemotherapy for advanced disease. Care provided by gynecologic oncologists improved the survival of those with high-risk cancers.
Schnelles Training neuronaler Netze zur Identifikation nichtlinearer dynamischer Systeme
Authors: Deflorian Michael , Klöpper Florian 
Published: January 2011

Zusammenfassung
Das zeitaufwendige Training dynamischer neuronaler Netze verhindert oftmals deren industriellen Einsatz. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt ein schnelles Trainingsverfahren für neuronale Netze mit externer Dynamik zur Identifikation dynamischer nichtlinearer Systeme. Das Verfahren besteht aus zwei Schritten, wobei im ersten die Anzahl der Neuronen festgelegt und im zweiten das Netz trainiert wird. Das vorgeschlagene Trainingsverfahren konvergiert schneller als Standardtrainingsalgorithmen und erzielt eine vergleichbare Genauigkeit.
Vereinfachte schnelle Regelung von linearen Systemen mit Stellgrößenbeschränkungen
Authors: Jasniewicz Boris , Adamy Jürgen , Domont-Yankulova Dilyana 
Published: January 2011

Zusammenfassung
Sättigende, weiche strukturvariable Regelungen mittels impliziter Lyapunov-Funktionen eignen sich zur schnellen Regelung von linearen Systemen mit Stellgrößenbeschränkungen. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt eine Vereinfachung dieses Regelungstyps bei gleichzeitiger Verbesserung des Regelverhaltens vor. Die Vereinfachung führt auf weniger restriktive Stabilitätsbedingungen. Hierdurch vergrößert sich die Menge regelbarer Strecken, und die Anwendung dieses Regelungstyps auf bestimmte instabile Strecken ist erstmals möglich. Des Weiteren wird ein LMI-basiertes Verfahren zur effizienten Bestimmung von Reglerparametern vorgestellt. Damit werden Entwürfe von schnellen Regelungen für zwei Benchmarkstrecken vorgenommen. Eine Nachoptimierung der Reglerparameter mittels Suchverfahren führt zu fast zeitoptimalem Verhalten.
Eine L2-optimale Beobachtertechnik zur Vermeidung von Regler-Windup
Authors: Ortseifen Andreas , Adamy Jürgen 
Published: January 2011

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag stellt eine neue Entwurfsmethodik für Hippes Regler-Antiwindup, das auch als Beobachtertechnik bezeichnet wird, vor. Die Beobachtertechnik basiert auf einer geeigneten Zerlegung des Reglers. Um eine akzeptable Regelgüte sicherzustellen, wurden bislang alle zulässigen Zerlegungen mittels Simulationen evaluiert. Die neu eingeführte Methode bestimmt mittels konvexer Optimierung für jede Zerlegung einen Kennwert, der die Abweichung von dem erwünschten linearen Verhalten des Regelkreises im Sinne der L
2-Norm charakterisiert. Anhand der Kennwerte wird dann eine Zerlegung gewählt.
Garantierte Störgrößeneinschließung für lineare zeitdiskrete Systeme
Authors: Falkenhain Jan , Lunze Jan 
Published: January 2011

Zusammenfassung
Wenn technische Prozesse von nicht messbaren Störungen beeinflusst werden, können Störgrößenbeobachter eingesetzt werden, um die Amplitude der Störung aus den messbaren Eingangs- und Ausgangssignalen zu rekonstruieren. Dieser Beitrag schlägt eine Erweiterung der Störgrößenbeobachtung für den Fall vor, dass die messbaren Signale nur mit systematischen Fehlern bestimmt werden können, wobei angenommen wird, dass obere und untere Schranken für diese Fehler bekannt sind. Dazu wird eine Methode der Zustandsmengenbeobachtung erweitert, um Mengen zu berechnen, welche die Störgröße garantiert einschließen. Informationen über die Dynamik der Störung werden durch Störmodelle berücksichtigt. Ein Beispiel zeigt die Wirksamkeit dieser Methode.
Studies on the third-phase formation in DHDECMP/dodecane/HNO3
Authors: Lohithakshan K. V. , Aswal V. K. , Aggarwal S. K. 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
The third-phase formation in the DHDECMP-dodecane-HNO3 system during the actinides extraction was investigated based on the densities of the phases formed and the acid uptake by the DHDECMP phase. The effects of various parameters like nature of acids, diluents, temperature of extraction, acid molarity, and concentration of DHDECMP on the Third-phase formation were studied. The third-phase formation was also explained on the basis of results of small-angle neutron scattering studies (SANS).
Morus nigraplant leaves as biomonitor for elemental air pollution monitoring
Authors: Daud Muhammad , Khalid Nasir , Waheed Shahida , Wasim Mohammad , Arif Mohammad , Zaidi Jamshed Hussain 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe present paper deals with the determination of 36 elements in 120 leaf samples ofMorus nigraplant to assess their potential as biomonitor for elemental air pollution monitoring. The elemental quantification was made by employing Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) and Atomic Absorption Spectrometric (AAS) techniques. The leaf samples were collected in spring, summer and winter seasons from various sites in Islamabad with different types of anthropogenic activities as well as from a reference site with minimum of such activities. Twenty four soil samples from the respective sites were also analyzed. The reliability of the adopted procedures was established by analyzing the certified reference materials,i.e., citrus leaves-1572 and soil-7, from NIST and IAEA, respectively, under identical experimental conditions and comparing the results obtained with the certified values which are in quite good agreement with each other. The enrichment values and Pollution Load Index (PLI) of the determined elements were computed and discussed accordingly. The elemental translocation from soil to roots, stem and leaves has also been studied by analyzing these parts of the same plant. The results indicated that the leaves ofMorus nigraplant have promising potential to monitor the extent of air pollution in the vicinity of industrial as well as in high traffic areas.
Development of a CMPO based extraction process for partitioning of minor actinides and demonstration with geneuine fast reactor fuel solution (155 GWd/Te)
Authors: Antony M. P. , Kumaresan R. , Suneesh A. S. , Rajeswari S. , Robertselvan B. , Sukumaran V. , Manivannan R. , Syamala K. V. , Venkatesan K. A. , Srinivasan T. G. , Vasudeva Rao P. R. 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
A method has been developed for partitioning of minor actinides from fast reactor (FR) fuel solution by a TRUEX solvent composed of 0.2 M n-octyl(phenyl)-N,N-diisobutylcarbamoyl-methylphosphine oxide (CMPO)-1.2 M tri-n-butylphosphate (TBP) in n-dodecane (n-DD), and subsequently demonstrated with genuine fast reactor dissolver solution (155 GWd/Te) using a novel 16-stage ejector mixer settler in hot cells. Cesium, plutonium and uranium present in the dissolver solution were removed, prior to minor actinide partitioning, by using ammonium molybdophosphate impregnated XAD-7 (AMP-XAD), methylated poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PVP-Me), and macroporous bifunctional phosphinic acid (MPBPA) resins respectively. Extraction of europium(III) and cerium(III) from simulated and real dissolver solution, and their stripping behavior from loaded organic phase was studied in batch method using various citric acid–nitric acid formulations. Based on these results, partitioning of minor actinides from fast reactor dissolver solution was demonstrated in hot cells. The extraction and stripping profiles of 154Eu, 144Ce, 106Ru and 137Cs, and mass balance of 241Am(III) achieved in the demonstration run have been reported in this paper.
Numerische Berechnung des Flächeninhaltes ebener geschlossener Konturen
Authors: Krystek Michael 
Published: January 2011

Zusammenfassung
In der Messtechnik tritt häufig das Problem auf, dass eine Fläche, die von einer unregelmäßigen ebenen Kurve eingeschlossen ist, aus gemessenen Punkten dieser Randkurve so genau wie möglich bestimmt werden muss. Das Ziel dieser Publikation ist es, Formeln abzuleiten, welche die Berechnung der Fläche aus den Positionen der Messpunkte erlauben, die entweder als kartesische Koordinaten oder als Polarkoordinaten gegeben sein können. Es wird gezeigt, dass das Ergebnis für eine unendliche Anzahl von Punkten gegen die exakte kontinuierliche Lösung konvergiert. Zusätzlich wird eine Formel angegeben, die dazu verwendet werden kann, die Messunsicherheit der Fläche aus der Messunsicherheit der gemessenen Punkte nach den im GUM angegebenen Regeln zu berechnen. Der Einfluss des Approximationsfehlers wird ebenfalls diskutiert. Schließlich wird ein Algorithmus angegeben, der in der Programmiersprache C geschrieben ist, um die hier abgeleiteten Formeln zu implementieren.
Messunsicherheiten bei der Drehmomentmessung mit Referenzmesseinrichtungen
Authors: Röske Dirk 
Published: January 2011

Zusammenfassung
In einem früheren Beitrag [1] wurden Betrachtungen zu Messunsicherheiten an statischen Drehmoment-Normalmesseinrichtungen mit gelagerten Hebel-Masse-Systemen vorgestellt. Auf diese Maschinen sind weitere Drehmomentmesseinrichtungen, so genannte Referenzmesseinrichtungen, rückgeführt, in denen kalibrierte Drehmomentaufnehmer als Referenz eingesetzt werden. Im Beitrag werden Ansätze einer Messunsicherheitsanalyse zur Diskussion gestellt, die einige der hierbei zu beachtenden Einflussgrößen berücksichtigen.
Lipid accumulation product: a powerful marker of metabolic syndrome in healthy population
Authors: Taverna Mariano J , Martínez-Larrad María T , Frechtel Gustavo D , Serrano-Ríos Manuel 
Published: January 2011

ObjectiveThe metabolic syndrome (MS) is a cluster of cardiometabolic factors, which predisposes to diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Early detection of high-risk individuals for MS using accurate measures of insulin resistance (IR) could improve detection and prevention of CVD and diabetes. The aim of this study was to explore the ability of lipid accumulation product (LAP), compared with traditional measures of IR, to identify MS.DesignIn total, 768 Spanish adults were recruited. MS was assessed using the revised criteria of National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP III) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Measures of IR such as homeostasis model assessment of IR and LAP, an index of lipid accumulation based on a combination of waist circumference and serum triglycerides, were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed in order to detect the parameter with the best predictive capability for MS.ResultsThe prevalence of MS-NCEP/ATP III and MS-IDF was 15.1 and 20.5% for men respectively, and 15.4 and 17.5% for women. LAP showed the highest diagnostic accuracy for MS-NCEP/ATP III (area under the curve 0.91 and 0.90 among males and females) and MS-IDF (0.88 for both males and females). This was confirmed by internal validation using 20 000 bootstrap samples. Among males and females, different LAP cut-off values exhibited high sensitivity (78–85%) and specificity (78–85%) for MS-NCEP/ATP III and MS-IDF identification with elevated efficiency (proportion of positives and negatives classified correctly by the test=78–85%). When the sample was stratified according to decades of life, LAP exhibited a slightly lower performance among women than men, especially for MS-IDF detection.ConclusionsIn non-diabetic adults LAP has a strong and reliable diagnostic accuracy for MS-IDF and, especially, MS-NCEP/ATP III among females and, in particular, among males from Spain.
A Parent-Led Family-Focused Treatment Program for Overweight Children Aged 5 to 9 Years: The PEACH RCT
Authors: Magarey Anthea M. , Perry Rebecca A. , Baur Louise A. , Steinbeck Katharine S. , Sawyer Michael , Hills Andrew P. , Wilson Gizelle , Lee Anthea , Daniels Lynne A. 
Published: January 2011

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate a healthy lifestyle intervention to reduce adiposity in children aged 5 to 9 years and assess whether adding parenting skills training would enhance this effect.

PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS:
We conducted a single-blinded randomized controlled trial of prepubertal moderately obese (International Obesity Task Force cut points) children, aged 5 to 9 years. The 6-month program targeted parents as the agents of change for implementing family lifestyle changes. Only parents attended group sessions. We measured BMI and waist z scores and parenting constructs at baseline, 6, 12, 18, 24 months.

RESULTS:
Participants (n = 169; 56% girls) were randomized to a parenting skills plus healthy lifestyle group (n = 85) or a healthy lifestyle–only group (n = 84). At final 24-month assessment 52 and 54 children remained in the parenting skills plus healthy lifestyle and the healthy lifestyle–only groups respectively. There were reductions (P &lt; .001) in BMI z score (0.26 [95% confidence interval: 0.22–0.30]) and waist z score (0.33 [95% confidence interval: 0.26–0.40]). There was a 10% reduction in z scores from baseline to 6 months that was maintained to 24 months with no additional intervention. Overall, there was no significant group effect. A similar pattern of initial improvement followed by stability was observed for parenting outcomes and no group effect.

CONCLUSIONS:
Using approaches that specifically target parent behavior, relative weight loss of ∼10% is achievable in moderately obese prepubertal children and can be maintained for 2 years from baseline. These results justify an investment in treatment as an effective secondary obesity-prevention strategy.
Sleep Duration, Sleep Regularity, Body Weight, and Metabolic Homeostasis in School-aged Children
Authors: Spruyt Karen , Molfese Dennis L. , Gozal David 
Published: January 2011

OBJECTIVE:
The goal was to explore the effects of duration and regularity of sleep schedules on BMI and the impact on metabolic regulation in children.

METHODS:
Sleep patterns of 308 community-recruited children 4 to 10 years of age were assessed with wrist actigraphs for 1 week in a cross-sectional study, along with BMI assessment. Fasting morning plasma levels of glucose, insulin, lipids, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein also were measured for a subsample.

RESULTS:
Children slept 8 hours per night, on average, regardless of their weight categorization. A nonlinear trend between sleep and weight emerged. For obese children, sleep duration was shorter and showed more variability on weekends, compared with school days. For overweight children, a mixed sleep pattern emerged. The presence of high variance in sleep duration or short sleep duration was more likely associated with altered insulin, low-density lipoprotein, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein plasma levels. Children whose sleep patterns were at the lower end of sleep duration, particularly in the presence of irregular sleep schedules, exhibited the greatest health risk.

CONCLUSIONS:
Obese children were less likely to experience “catch-up” sleep on weekends, and the combination of shorter sleep duration and more-variable sleep patterns was associated with adverse metabolic outcomes. Educational campaigns, aimed at families, regarding longer and more-regular sleep may promote decreases in obesity rates and may improve metabolic dysfunction trends in school-aged children.