bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time‐dependent behaviour of a rigid foundation on a transversely isotropic soil layer
Authors: Chen Shengli , Abousleiman Younane 
Published: September 2009

AbstractAn analytical solution is presented in this paper to study the time‐dependent settlement behaviour of a rigid foundation resting on a transversely isotropic saturated soil layer. The governing equations for a transversely isotropic saturated soil, within Biot's poroelasticity framework, are solved by means of Laplace and Hankel transforms. The problem is subsequently formulated in the Laplace transform domain in terms of a set of dual integral equations that are further reduced to a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind and solved numerically. The developed analytical solution is validated via comparison with the existing analytical solution for an isotropic saturated soil case, and adopted as a benchmark to examine the sensitivities of the mesh refinement and the locations of truncation boundaries in the finite element simulations using ABAQUS. Particular attention is paid to the influences of the degree of soil anisotropy, boundary drainage condition, and the soil layer thickness on the consolidation settlement and contact stress of the rigid foundation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Survivors of childhood cancer: An Australian audit of vaccination status after treatment
Authors: Crawford Nigel W. , Heath John A. , Ashley David , Downie Peter , Buttery Jim P. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackgroundSurvivors of childhood and adolescent cancer are at risk of vaccine preventable diseases and are recommended to receive booster vaccinations post‐chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to describe the compliance of post‐chemotherapy revaccination of childhood cancer survivors relative to current Australian guidelines.ProceduresA multi‐faceted retrospective review of childhood cancer survivors at the Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia was undertaken. Immunisation status was reviewed through four sources: (1) hospital records; (2) telephone survey of consenting participants; (3) Australian Childhood Immunization Register (ACIR); and (4) family practitioners immunisation records. Participants were 0–18 years, and at least 6 months post‐treatment for their cancer.ResultsThe study was conducted between March and September 2006. Eighty‐nine patients with a median age at diagnosis of 5.3 years were included, 56% of patients had a diagnosis of leukaemia and 44% solid tumours. The median duration since completion of therapy was 3.1 years. Reviewing all sources, 39% (35/89) of participants had no evidence of booster vaccinations post‐completion of therapy. Younger age (P = 0.001), and those diagnosed with leukaemia (P = 0.04) were more likely to have received at least one booster vaccine. Forty‐seven percent (42/89) had received at least one influenza vaccination.ConclusionThis study highlights poor compliance with current guidelines for re‐vaccination in survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer. More evidence is required and these re‐vaccination guidelines need to take into account treatment intensity. Multi‐component strategies are essential to ensure protection from vaccine preventable diseases in this population. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010; 54:128–133. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia presenting as refractory ascites
Authors: Patra Bijoy , Maheshwari Anu , Chandra Jagdish , Aneja Satinder , Agarwal Shilpi , Nangia Anita , Seth Anju 
Published: September 2009

AbstractChronic idiopathic myelofibrosis (CIM) with myeloid metaplasia is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by leukoerythroblastosis, tear drop erythrocytes, extra‐medullary hematopoesis (EMH), and varying degree of myelofibrosis. CIM, presenting as refractory ascites secondary to peritoneal hematopoesis, is extremely rare with only six adult cases reported in literature. This is a report of a child with CIM presenting as refractory ascites as a consequence of EMH in the peritoneum. The patient was treated with intermittent hydroxyurea with favorable response over 3 weeks. The patient was thereafter lost to follow up. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010; 54:151–153. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Juvenile xanthogranuloma in a child with previously unsuspected neurofibromatosis type 1 and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia
Authors: Raygada Margarita , Arthur Diane C. , Wayne Alan S. , Rennert Owen M. , Toretsky Jeffrey A. , Stratakis Constantine A. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe association of neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1), juvenile xanthogranulomas (JXG), and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) has been previously reported. We describe herein this triad in a Caucasian male infant with a pathogenic mutation in the NF1 gene (neurofibromin). The clinical course from initial presentation to final diagnosis is detailed; the physical features and hematologic characteristics are discussed. The patient underwent bone marrow transplantation and is currently in remission. Children with concurrent cutaneous café‐au‐lait and JXG lesions should be evaluated and monitored closely for the possible development of JMML. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010; 54:173–175. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rheology and melt strength of long chain branching polypropylene prepared by reactive extrusion with various peroxides
Authors: Su Feng‐Hua , Huang Han‐Xiong 
Published: September 2009

AbstractLong Chain Branching Polypropylenes were prepared in an extruder by a melt grafting reaction in the presence of various peroxides and a polyfunctional monomer of 1,6‐hexanediol diarylate. Fourier Transformed Infrared spectra and the rheological characteristics indicated that the grafting reaction added long branched chains to linear polypropylene (PP). In comparison to the initial PP, the branched samples exhibited higher melt strength, lower melt flow index, and enhancement of crystallization temperature. The branching number of the modified samples agreed well with their melt viscoelasticity and the improved degree of their melt strength. The branching level in modified PPs could be controlled by the property and structure of the peroxide used. Peroxides with lower decomposition temperature and more stable radicals after decomposition promoted the branching reaction, leading to the modified PPs with higher branching level and melt strength. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
The effects of water and frequency on fatigue crack growth rate in modified and unmodified polyvinyl chloride
Authors: Samat Noorasikin , Burford Robert , Whittle Alan , Hoffman Mark 
Published: September 2009

AbstractA study of the influence of water environments on the cyclic fatigue crack behavior of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), with (PVC‐M) and without (PVC‐U) chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) impact modifier was undertaken and compared with corresponding results in air. Two frequencies of 1 and 7 Hz were applied to assess the influence of frequency on the fatigue behavior; a higher fatigue resistance and threshold were obtained with increasing frequency. This trend is more significant in water. However, in this environment, the fatigue resistance deteriorated under conditions of higher stress intensity factor amplitude (ΔK) and frequency. The fatigue properties of PVC‐U are the most affected by the presence of water, particularly at low frequency and higher ΔK. Examination of the fracture surface showed the interaction of water molecules and the PVC matrix with the formation of (1) a nodular structure, close to the fatigue threshold and (2) plasticized structures at high ΔK, which are associated with a greater threshold value and fatigue resistance. The absorption of the water retarded the fibrillation of craze and caused crack blunting effects. Water functions as a plasticizer, particularly at high ΔK, through the formation of the plasticized structures. Results are compared with those observed from an in‐service failure. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Gendering reurbanisation: women and new‐build gentrification in Toronto
Authors: Kern Leslie 
Published: September 2009

AbstractFor over a decade beginning in the mid 1990s, Toronto, Canada experienced a massive wave of condominium development. Women make up a high percentage of condominium purchasers and condominiums are extensively marketed to young, professional urban women. In grappling with this phenomenon, this paper constructs a gendered social geography of reurbanisation and new‐build gentrification in Toronto, through qualitative research into women's experiences as downtown condominium owners. Examining both the gendered ideologies that have shaped Toronto's condominium boom, and the narratives of condominium developers and owners, this paper illustrates the gendered dimensions of city building and everyday life in the context of reurbanization. I argue that the neoliberal rationality of contemporary entreprenuerial city building is constituted, in part, by gender. Gender ideologies inform the processes of privatisation, commodification, and securitisation of urban space and urban life in the city's quest for a competitive position in the global urban hierarchy. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of signal–response systems using generalized linear mixed models
Authors: Gupta Shilpa , Kulahci Murat , Montgomery Douglas C. , Borror Connie M. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractRobust parameter design is one of the important tools used in Design for Six Sigma. In this article, we present an application of the generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) approach to robust design and analysis of signal–response systems. We propose a split‐plot approach to the signal–response system characterized by two variance components—within‐profile variance and between‐profile variance. We demonstrate that explicit modeling of variance components using GLMMs leads to more precise point estimates of important model coefficients with shorter confidence intervals. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rapid differentiation of isobaric and positional isomers of structurally related glycosides from Phytolacca bogotensis
Authors: Montoya Guillermo , Arango Gabriel J. , Ramírez‐Pineda José R. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThrough the action of glycosyltransferases, a plant can biosynthetically assemble small different aglycons or 'templates' to various polysaccharides to produce numerous glycoconjugates differing in the type of the attached aglycon, the anomeric configuration of C‐1 of the glycosylating sugar, the type of sugar and the different position of attachments of the sugar unit present in the polysaccharide chain. The position of attachments and the anomeric configuration of the different sugar present in the polysaccharide create the opportunity to generate molecules with either the same or very close molecular weights, which have relative structural similarity – forming isobaric and positional isomers. Although isomeric differentiation was once considered outside of the domain of mass spectrometry, this task can now be resolved using tandem mass spectrometry. In a standardized purified glycoconjugate fraction (SPT01) from Phytolacca bogotensis, we report conventional electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and collision‐induced dissociation (CID) MS/MS parameters which favored the formation of characteristic product ions. This allowed us to suggest the type of sugar linkages present in a specific glycoconjugate. Ten new glycoconjugate are described from this plant and another twelve known saponins were structurally characterized using the automatic MSn acquisition mode. The differentiation of two pairs of positional isomers and four isobaric glycosides and the production of a library of 30 glycosides present in P. bogotensis were accomplished. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Steuerung der Benetzungseigenschaften von optisch transparenten Polymeren durch Antireflexstrukturen und dünne Schichten
Authors: Schulz U. , Kaiser N. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractAntireflexstrukturen können durch zusätzliche Beschichtungen superhydrophobe oder auch langzeitstabile superhydrophile Eigenschaften erlangen. Die durch Plasmaätzen erzeugten Strukturen sind dabei deutlich kleiner als die Wellenlängen des sichtbaren Lichtes und erhöhen auch die Transmission der modifizierten Proben. Noppenartige Strukturen mit großem Aspektverhältnis erreichen den Lotus‐Zustand unmittelbar nach Überschichten mit einem hydrophoben Material. Bei PMMA wird ein Lotus‐Effekt erst dann beobachtet, wenn unter der hydrophoben Deckschicht noch eine dünne SiO2‐Schicht angeordnet wird.
Localised Corrosion Protection of Aluminium Components by atmospheric Pressure Plasma Polymerisation
Authors: Wilken Ralph , Ihde Jörg , Degenhardt Jost 
Published: September 2009

AbstractVorbehandlung: Durch die Anwendung der AD‐Plasmavorbehandlung lässt sich der Kohlenstoffgehalt nicht gereinigter Aluminiumbleche bis auf den Gehalt der natürlichen Adsorbatschicht reduzieren, die sich auf reinen Oberflächen bei atmosphärischer Auslagerung bildet. Dabei steigt die Dicke der Oxidschicht von ca. 4 nm bis auf ca. 7 nm. Die Oberfläche wird zudem hydrophiler und lässt sich besser benetzen.Eine Erdung des Substrates kann zu vermehrten Bogenübergängen von dem Düsentool auf das Substrat führen und ein lokal begrenztes Umschmelzen an der Oberfläche verursachen.Schichtabscheidung: Die Schichtchemie kann über die Parameter des Plasmaprozesses und der Düsengestaltung gezielt variiert werden. Ein nachträgliches Tempern der Schicht führt zu einer Nachvernetzung der Schicht unter Kondensationsreaktion von Silanolgruppen. Die elektrochemisch wirksamen Fehlstellen können dabei reduziert werden.Die geringste Fehlstellendichte weist eine Korrosionsschutzschicht mit mittlerem anorganischen Anteil auf. Allerdings ist die Korrosionsschutzwirkung dieser Schicht im Vergleich zu einer Schicht mit höherer Fehlstellendichte, aber höherem anorganischen Anteil schlechter. Für die Korrosionsschutzwirkung einer Schicht spielen neben der Anzahl von elektrochemisch wirksamen Fehlstellen in der Beschichtung auch die Barrierewirkung der Schicht gegen Wasser und Ionen, die Anbindung der Schicht an das Substrat und die chemische Stabilität der Schicht eine zentrale Rolle. Die Barrierewirkung der Schicht nimmt mit steigendem anorganischen Anteil der Schicht zu. Die entwickelte Korrosionsschutzschicht mit hohem anorganischen Anteil besitzt trotz einiger elektrochemisch wirksamer Fehlstellen eine gute Korrosionsschutzwirkung. Nach 168 h ESST sind nur vereinzelt Korrosionserscheinungen in Form kleiner Fehlstellen in der Beschichtung zu erkennen.Je anorganischer und damit glasartiger die Schichten sind, desto spröder werden sie, so dass es bei Dehnung des Substrats zu Rissen in der Schicht kommt, die sich als Fehlstellen bemerkbar machen. Je organischer und damit polymerartiger die Schichten sind, desto dehnbarer werden sie und desto weniger Risse entstehen.Diese Forschungsergebnisse sind bereits durch die Firma Plasmatreat industriell umgesetzt worden. Seit 2007 werden bei der Fa. TRW Automotive Aluminiumdruckguss‐Gehäuse im Bereich des Dichtflansches mit einer korrosionsschützenden und zugleich haftvermittelnden plasmapolymeren Schicht versehen, um so eine gegen korrosive Unterwanderung langzeitstabile Dichtung gewährleisten zu können [9]
Comparative proteomic analysis of Rhodosporidium toruloides during lipid accumulation
Authors: Liu Hongwei , Zhao Xin , Wang Fangjun , Li Yonghong , Jiang Xining , Ye Mingliang , Zhao Zongbao K. , Zou Hanfa 
Published: September 2009

AbstractIntracellular lipid accumulation is a common biological process for some eukaryotic microorganisms under specific growth conditions, yet study on this phenomenon at an ‘‐omics’ level remains rare. In this study we induced lipid accumulation by the oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides by transferring cells into a nitrogen‐limited medium and performed a comparative and semi‐quantitative proteomic analysis of cell samples obtained thereafter by a 2D‐LC–MS/MS approach. A total of 184 proteins were identified, based on the database of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Semi‐quantitative analysis suggested that 46 proteins were notably changed during the lipid production process. Among them, seven, three and four proteins were significantly upregulated only at the late stage, the early stage and both stages, respectively. There were 26 proteins drastically downregulated at both stages. The majority of the downregulated proteins are related to protein metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism, whereas the upregulated proteins are mainly involved in alternative nitrogen sources metabolism and lipid biosynthesis. Our data indicated that a nitrogen deficiency environment had a key impact on cellular metabolism that likely stimulated the lipid accumulation process by R. toruloides. This work provids valuable information for further exploration of the molecular mechanism of cellular lipid metabolism and should be of great interest in oleaginous microorganisms engineering. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New Bis‐o‐Benzoquinoid Ligands with Ethylene Bridge and Their Metal Complexes
Authors: Poddel’sky Andrey I. , Piskunov Alexander V. , Druzhkov Nikolay O. , Fukin Georgii K. , Cherkasov Vladimir K. , Abakumov Gleb A. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe treatment of di‐o‐quinone 4,4′‐(ethane‐1,2‐diyl)‐bis(3,6‐di‐tert‐butyl‐o‐benzoquinone) (Q–CH2–CH2–Q,1) leads to its rearrangement to form di‐p‐quinomethide 4,4′‐(ethane‐1,2‐diylidene)bis(2‐hydroxy‐3,6‐di‐tert‐butyl‐cyclohexa‐2,5‐dienone) (2). The subsequent oxidation of2by an alkaline solution of K3[Fe(CN)6] yielded the new di‐o‐quinone 4,4′‐(ethene‐1,2‐diyl)bis(3,6‐di‐tert‐butyl‐o‐benzoquinone) (Q–CH=CH–Q,3), which contains an ethylene bridge. The formation of mono‐ and poly‐reduced derivatives of2and3with potassium, thallium was studied by EPR technique. The dinuclear thallium derivative of3, Tl(SQ–CH=CH–SQ)Tl, was found to exist in the diamagnetic quinomethide form. The most stable derivatives of2and3are triphenyltin(IV) bis‐p‐quinomethide‐phenolate (4) and triphenylantimony(V) bis‐catecholate (5), which have been synthesized and isolated. The molecular structures of2,3, and5were characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction.
Synthesis and Characterization of Extended Bis(terpyridine)ruthenium Amino Acids
Authors: Heinze Katja , Hempel Klaus , Breivogel Aaron 
Published: September 2009

Abstract(Oligopyridine)ruthenium(II) complexes have been widely used in dye sensitized solar cells and other sophisticated optical devices due to their outstanding photophysical properties and their chemical stability. Herein, we describe the longitudinal extension of our previously reported bis(terpyridine)ruthenium(II) amino acid [Ru(tpy–NH2)(tpy–COOH)]2+ (tpy = 4′‐substituted 2,2′:6′,2″‐terpyridine) by insertion of para‐phenylene spacers –C6H4– between the terpyridine and the functional groups. The influence of the para‐phenylene spacer on the absorption and emission properties is investigated using UV/Vis absorption and emission spectroscopy and is discussed within a qualitative molecular orbital picture.
Immunohistochemical study of mucin expression in periampullary adenomyoma
Authors: Higashi Michiyo , Goto Masamichi , Saitou Miyuki , Shimizu Takeshi , Rousseau Karine , Batra Surinder K. , Yonezawa Suguru 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackground/purposeBenign tumors and tumor‐like conditions in the ampullary area are uncommon, and there are extremely rare cases of adenomyoma (AM) and adenomyomatous hyperplasia (AMH). Surgical treatment is necessary if these lesions cause biliary obstruction. In addition, the differential diagnosis of AM and AMH from carcinoma is often difficult by standard endoscopic biopsy and cytopathological analysis that may show differential findings, resulting in unnecessary surgeries sometimes being performed.MethodsImmunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of periampullary AM and AMH was performed.ResultsFor both types of lesions, epithelial glandular cells (EGCs) showed diffuse expression of MUC6 and focal expression of HIK1083, mainly in the inner region, and focal expression of MUC5AC, mainly at the surface. The EGCs showed no expression of MUC1 or MUC4, both of which were identified as malignant tumor markers in our previous series of mucin expression studies in pancreatobiliary tumors. The expression of CK7, which was diffusely positive in normal periampullary mucosa, was decreased in the EGCs of AM and AMH.ConclusionsA combined evaluation of IHC findings may be effective in the detection of AM and AMH, and also in distinguishing benign periampullary lesions, such as AM and AMH, from ampulla of Vater adenocarcinoma, thus avoiding excessive surgery.
Effect of Cooling Rate on the Structural and Moisture Barrier Properties of High and Low Melting Point Fats
Authors: Bourlieu Claire , Guillard Valérie , Ferreira Mariana , Powell Hugh , Vallès‐Pàmies Baltasar , Guilbert Stéphane , Gontard Nathalie 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe effect of three cooling rates (rapid, intermediate and slow CR) on the moisture barrier properties and on the physical state of acetylated and high melting point hydrophobic self‐supported moisture barriers has been investigated. The selected CR were representative of industrial processing conditions and the selected barrier materials of common effective GRAS substances (acetomonopalmitin, white beeswax, two commercial blends of beeswax and acetylated glycerides and a blend of palmitic/stearic acids). Variations of CR affected crystallisation kinetics, SFC in an extend depending on the fat chemical composition and degree of undercooling, crystal size and ratio of polymorphs present in the materials. It did not have major influence on the contact angles with water measured at the surface of the materials and on the mass–volume area properties of the material. The resultant effect on the macroscopic moisture barrier properties of the materials were evaluated using water vapour permeability (WVP) measurements. The CR had no significant effect on the WVP, except for one blend of acetylated fat and beeswax for which a slow CR may have favoured the healing of imperfections. The variations of WVP between all materials and CRs were mainly attributed to variation in materials polarity using multivariable analysis.
The results of downgrading moderate and severe slipped capital femoral epiphysis by an early Imhauser femur osteotomy
Authors: Witbreuk Melinda M. E. H. , Bolkenbaas M. , Mullender M. G. , Sierevelt I. N. , Besselaar P. P. 
Published: September 2009

Purpose Patients with moderate and severe slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) develop osteoarthritis earlier in life in association with mechanical impingement. Methods To correct deformity and diminish impingement, we performed epiphysiodesis combined with an Imhauser intertrochanteric osteotomy (ITO) in moderate and severe slipped capital femoral epiphysis. We downgraded the angle of the head relative to the acetabulum into an angle corresponding to a mild slip or even an anatomical position. Our hypothesis is that the avoidance of anterior impingement at an early stage can prevent the development of osteoarthritis. Results The results of 28 patients (32 hips) were evaluated. Outcome parameters were SF-36, Harris Hip Score, range of motion, Kellgren–Lawrence score, chondrolysis and avascular necrosis. After a median follow-up of 8 (range 2–25) years, the group was clinically, functionally and socially performing well. Radiologically, there was no sign of chondrolysis or avascular necrosis, and more than 80% of the patients did not show any signs of osteoarthritis. Conclusions Based on these results, we conclude that a one-stage Imhauser ITO combined with epiphysiodesis performed on patients with moderate and severe SFCE gives satisfactory results.