bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large-scale Production of Selective Gas Sensors Based on Carbon Nanotube Mats Transistors
Authors: Gorintin Louis , Bondavalli Paolo , legagneux pierre , Chatelet Marc 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe first paper showing the great potentiality of Carbon Nanotubes Field Effect transistors (CNTFETs) for gas sensing applications was published in 2000 [1]. It has been demonstrated that the performances of this kind of sensors are extremely interesting : a sensitivity of around 100ppt (e.g. for NO2 [2]) has been achieved in 2003 and several techniques to improve selectivity have been tested with very promising results [2]. The main issues that have not allowed, up to now, these devices to strike more largely the market of sensors, have been the lack of an industrial method to obtain low-cost devices, a demonstration of their selectivity in relevant environments and finally a deeper study on the effect of humidity and the possible solutions to reduce it. This contribution deals with CNTFETs based sensors fabricated using air-brush technique deposition on large surfaces. Compared to our last contribution [3], we have optimized the air-brush technique in order to obtain high performances transistors (Log(Ion)/ Log(Ioff) ~ 5/6) with highly reproducible characteristics : this is a key point for the industrial exploitation. We have developed a machine which allows us the dynamic deposition on heated substrates of the SWCNT solutions, improving dramatically the uniformity of the SWCNT mats. We have performed tests using different solvents that could be adapted as a function of the substrates (e.g. flexible substrates). Moreover these transistors have been achieved using different metal electrodes (patented approach [4]) in order to improve selectivity. Results of tests using NO2, NH3 with concentrations between ~ 1ppm and 10ppm will be shown during the meeting.
Amorphous and Crystalline TiO2 Nanotube Arrays for Enhanced Li-ion Intercalation Properties
Authors: Guan Dongsheng , Cai Chuan , Wang Ying 
Published: September 2010

AbstractWe have employed anodic oxidation of Ti foils to prepare self-organized TiO2 nanotube arrays which show enhanced electrochemical properties for applications as Li-ion battery electrode materials. The lengths and pore diameters of TiO2 nanotubes can be finely tuned by varying voltage, electrolyte composition, or anodization time. The as-prepared nanotubes are amorphous and can be converted into anatase nanotubes with heat treatment at 480oC and nanotubes of mixed anatase/rutile phases by heating at 580oC. The morphological features of nanotubes remain unchanged after annealing. Amorphous nanotubes with a length of 3.0 μm and an outer diameter of 125 nm delivers a capacity of 91.2 μA h cm-2 at a current density of 400 μA cm-2, while those with a length of 25 μm and an outer diameter of 158 nm display a capacity of 533 μA h cm-2. The 3-μm long anatase nanotubes and nanotubes of mixed phases show lower capacities of 53.8 μA h cm-2 and 63.1 μA h cm-2, respectively at the same current density. The amorphous TiO2 nanotubes with a length of 1.9 μm exhibit a capacity five times higher than that of TiO2 compact layer even when the nanotube array is cycled at a current density 80 times higher than that for the compact layer. The amorphous nanotubes show excellent capacity retention ability over 50 cycles. Cycled nanotubes show little change in morphology compared to the nanotubes before cycling, indicating the high structural stability of TiO2 nanotubes.
Correlation between Morphology, Water Uptake, and Proton Conductivity in Radiation Grafted Proton Exchange Membranes
Authors: Balog Sandor , Gasser Urs , Mortensen Kell , Gubler Lorenz , Ben youcef Hicham , Scherer Guenther G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) investigation of saturated aqueous proton exchange membranes is presented. Our membranes were synthesized by radiation-induced grafting of poly(ethylene-alt-tetrafluoroethylene) (ETFE) with styrene in the presence of crosslinker (divinylbenzene, DVB) and the polystyrene was sulfonated subsequently. The contrast variation method was used to understand the relationship between morphology, water uptake, and proton conductivity. We find that the membranes are separated into two phases, mostly following the morphology already defined in the semi-crystalline ETFE base film. The amorphous phase hosts the water and swells upon hydration, swelling being inversely proportional to the degree of crosslinking. Proton conductivity and volumetric fraction of water are related by a power law, indicating a percolated and most likely random network of finely dispersed aqueous pores in the hydrophilic domains.
Seed Assisted Phase Control of TiOPc: Application of Microfluidic Mixing
Authors: Dorjpalam Enkhtuvshin , Nakamura Hiroyuki , Yamashita Kenichi , Uehara Masato , Maeda Hideaki 
Published: September 2010

AbstractMicrofluidic mixing was applied to conventional acid pasting process to re-crystallize organic nanocrystals of Titanyl phthalocyanine (TiOPc). TiOPc nanocrystals were re-crystallized in a two step process. Seed particles were prepared by mixing TiOPc, dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid with deionized water using high speed microchannel mixers. Seed particles were then subjected to post-precipitation treatment to achieve final crystalline product. Effects of seed preparation conditions, such as mixing efficiency (mixer type) and mixing temperature on the structure of final product were studied. Time evolution of optical absorption spectra was examined with a view to elucidate structure evolution during early stages of seed formation process.
Proteinuria Induced by Parenteral Iron in Chronic Kidney Disease—A Comparative Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Agarwal Rajiv , Leehey David J. , Olsen Scott M. , Dahl Naomi V. 
Published: September 2010

Summary

Background and objectives
Among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), differences in proteinuria are seen between intravenous iron preparations after a single dose exposure. This study examined differences in proteinuria between two intravenous iron preparations after multiple doses.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Patients with iron-deficiency anemia and CKD, stratified by angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI)/angiotensin receptor-blocker (ARB) use, were randomized to iron sucrose or ferric gluconate. Each patient at 12 centers received 100 mg of study drug weekly for 5 weeks. Urine protein/urine creatinine ratio was measured before each dose and frequently thereafter for 3 hours.

Results
Postbaseline data were available from 33 patients receiving iron sucrose and 29 patients receiving ferric gluconate. Although neither preparation of intravenous iron increased the predose level of proteinuria, the proteinuric response to intravenous iron was dependent on the type of iron and ACEI/ARB use. Without ACEIs/ARBs, ferric gluconate tended to cause less proteinuria with repeated iron administration; iron sucrose did not mitigate or aggravate proteinuria. Among patients receiving ACEIs/ARBs, in contrast to ferric gluconate, which produced only mild transient proteinuria, iron sucrose produced a consistent and persistent proteinuric response that was on average 78% greater.

Conclusions
Although multiple doses of either intravenous iron did not increase basal levels of proteinuria, postdose proteinuria was greater with iron sucrose than with ferric gluconate. These data suggest that nephrotoxicity of iron may depend on type of intravenous iron and on ACEI/ARB use. The long-term effects on kidney function need to be further evaluated.
Parathyroid Hormone–Related Protein Enhances Human β-Cell Proliferation and Function With Associated Induction of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 and Cyclin E Expression
Authors: Guthalu Kondegowda Nagesha , Joshi-Gokhale Sheela , Harb George , Williams Katoura , Zhang Xiao Ying , Takane Karen K. , Zhang Pili , Scott Donald K. , Stewart Andrew F. , Garcia-Ocaña Adolfo , Vasavada Rupangi C. 
Published: September 2010

OBJECTIVE
Inducing human β-cell growth while enhancing function is a major goal in the treatment of diabetes. Parathyroid hormone–related protein (PTHrP) enhances rodent β-cell growth and function through the parathyroid hormone-1 receptor (PTH1R). Based on this, we hypothesized that PTH1R is expressed in human β-cells and that PTHrP has the potential to enhance human β-cell proliferation and/or function.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
PTH1R expression, β-cell proliferation, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), and expression of differentiation and cell-cycle genes were analyzed in human islets transduced with adenoviral PTHrP constructs or treated with PTHrP peptides. The effect of overexpression of late G1/S cell cycle molecules was also assessed on human β-cell proliferation.

RESULTS
We found that human β-cells express PTH1R. More importantly, overexpression of PTHrP causes a significant approximately threefold increase in human β-cell proliferation. Furthermore, the amino terminus PTHrP(1-36) peptide is sufficient to increase replication as well as expression of the late G1/S cell-cycle proteins cyclin E and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (cdk2) in human islets. Notably, PTHrP(1-36) also enhances GSIS. Finally, overexpression of cyclin E alone, but not cdk2, augments human β-cell proliferation, and when both molecules are expressed simultaneously there is a further marked synergistic increase in replication.

CONCLUSIONS
PTHrP(1-36) peptide enhances human β-cell proliferation as well as function, with associated upregulation of two specific cell-cycle activators that together can induce human β-cell proliferation several fold. The future therapeutic potential of PTHrP(1-36) for the treatment of diabetes is especially relevant given the complementary therapeutic efficacy of PTHrP(1-36) in postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Intranasal Insulin Enhances Postprandial Thermogenesis and Lowers Postprandial Serum Insulin Levels in Healthy Men
Authors: Benedict Christian , Brede Swantje , Schiöth Helgi B. , Lehnert Hendrik , Schultes Bernd , Born Jan , Hallschmid Manfred 
Published: September 2010

OBJECTIVE
Animal studies indicate a prominent role of brain insulin signaling in the regulation of peripheral energy metabolism. We determined the effect of intranasal insulin, which directly targets the brain, on glucose metabolism and energy expenditure in humans.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, balanced within-subject comparison, 19 healthy normal-weight men (18–26 years old) were intranasally administered 160 IU human insulin after an overnight fast. Energy expenditure assessed via indirect calorimetry and blood concentrations of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and free fatty acids (FFAs) were measured before and after insulin administration and the subsequent consumption of a high-calorie liquid meal of 900 kcal.

RESULTS
Intranasal insulin, compared with placebo, increased postprandial energy expenditure, i.e., diet-induced thermogenesis, and decreased postprandial concentrations of circulating insulin and C-peptide, whereas postprandial plasma glucose concentrations did not differ from placebo values. Intranasal insulin also induced a transient decrease in prandial serum FFA levels.

CONCLUSIONS
Enhancing brain insulin signaling by means of intranasal insulin administration enhances the acute thermoregulatory and glucoregulatory response to food intake, suggesting that central nervous insulin contributes to the control of whole-body energy homeostasis in humans.
Iron Overload and Diabetes Risk: A Shift From Glucose to Fatty Acid Oxidation and Increased Hepatic Glucose Production in a Mouse Model of Hereditary Hemochromatosis
Authors: Huang Jingyu , Jones Deborah , Luo Bai , Sanderson Michael , Soto Jamie , Abel E. Dale , Cooksey Robert C. , McClain Donald A. 
Published: September 2010

OBJECTIVE
Excess tissue iron levels are a risk factor for diabetes, but the mechanisms underlying the association are incompletely understood. We previously published that mice and humans with a form of hereditary iron overload, hemochromatosis, exhibit loss of β-cell mass. This effect by itself is not sufficient, however, to fully explain the diabetes risk phenotype associated with all forms of iron overload.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We therefore examined glucose and fatty acid metabolism and hepatic glucose production in vivo and in vitro in a mouse model of hemochromatosis in which the gene most often mutated in the human disease, HFE, has been deleted (Hfe−/−).

RESULTS
Although Hfe−/− mice exhibit increased glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, glucose oxidation is decreased and the ratio of fatty acid to glucose oxidation is increased. On a high-fat diet, the Hfe−/− mice exhibit increased fatty acid oxidation and are hypermetabolic. The decreased glucose oxidation in skeletal muscle is due to decreased pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) enzyme activity related, in turn, to increased expression of PDH kinase 4 (pdk4). Increased substrate recycling to liver contributes to elevated hepatic glucose production in the Hfe−/− mice.

CONCLUSIONS
Increased hepatic glucose production and metabolic inflexibility, both of which are characteristics of type 2 diabetes, may contribute to the risk of diabetes with excessive tissue iron.
Influence of Ceratophyllum demersum L. on phytoplankton structure in a shallow eutrophic lake
Authors: Celewicz-Gołdyn Sofia 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Phycological analyses were conducted in the shallow, eutrophic Lake Rosnowskie Duże (western Poland). Water samples were collected in 2002 and 2003 during the growing season from the submerged vegetation zone (Ceratophyllum demersum L.) and comparatively from the emergent vegetation zone (Typha angustifolia L.) and the pelagic zone. Phytoplankton was dominated by Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyceae, and Cyanoprokaryota. In comparison with other zones, the highest values of abundance and biomass of Chlorophyta were recorded in the submerged vegetation zone. Additionally, Ceratophyllum demersum was found to inhibit diatom development, which is probably connected with the secretion of allelopathic substances by this plant. The aim of the current study was to analyze the influence of Ceratophyllum demersum L. on the structure of phytoplankton in a shallow, eutrophic lake.
Matrix-Induced Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation of Talus Articular Defects
Authors: Giza Eric , Sullivan Martin , Ocel Dan , Lundeen Gregory , Mitchell Matthew E. , Veris Lindsey , Walton Judie 
Published: September 2010

Background: Osteochondral injury of the talus can be challenging to treat because the damaged articular cartilage has a poor intrinsic reparative capability. Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation has become an effective means for treating persistent cartilage lesions that fail to respond to routine ankle arthroscopy. The purpose of this study was to assess the results of Matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI) for the treatment of osteochondral defects of the talar dome using a technique which does not require an osteotomy of the tibia or fibula. Materials and Methods: A prospective investigation of MACI was performed on ten patients with full-thickness lesions of the talus. The patients had a documented talus lesion on MRI, failure of conservative treatment and arthroscopic debridement/curettage, persistent ankle pain and swelling, the absence of tibiotalar arthritis and a stable ankle. Five males and five females, with an average of 1.7 previous procedures prior to Matrix-induced autologous implantation, were included in this study. All patients were available for followup at 1 and 2 years. Lesions were graded during the harvesting procedure using the Cheng-Ferkel grading system, the Outerbridge classification, and the International Cartilage Repair Society system. Clinical and functional evaluation was done preoperatively, and at 1 and 2 years postoperatively using the AOFAS hindfoot evaluation and the SF-36 Health Survey. Results: Preoperative AOFAS hindfoot scores were 61.2 (range, 42 to 76) which improved 1 year postoperatively to 74.7 (range, 46 to 87) ( p < 0.05) and 2 years postoperatively to 73.3 (range, 42 to 90) ( p = 0.151). At both 1 and 2 years postoperatively, the results of the SF36 evaluation demonstrated a significant improvement in the Physical Functioning ( p = 0.002) and Bodily Pain ( p < 0.001) components. Subjectively, all ten patients believed this procedure helped them. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that MACI may be an effective way to treat full-thickness lesions of the talus using harvested chondrocytes from the talus without malleolar osteotomy. We recommend it for patients who do not respond to initial curettage and microfracture. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Case Series
Insert Position in Three-Component Total Ankle Replacement
Authors: Barg Alexej , Elsner Andreas , Chuckpaiwong Bavornrit , Hintermann Beat 
Published: September 2010

Background: Total ankle replacement has become a valuable treatment option for end-stage osteoarthritis. The most recent generation of implants comprises a second interface between the polyethylene insert and the tibial prosthetic component. This may permit a better adaptation of position between the implant components and thereby prevent unphysiological loading of ankle ligaments and reduce polyethylene wear. To date, no available data have evaluated whether the relative position of talar and tibial implant components change over time. Materials and Methods: We assessed the radiographs of 368 ankles that underwent primary arthroplasty with a HINTEGRA® (Newdeal SA, Lyon, France / Integra, Plainsboro, NJ) ankle to determine the spatial relationship between talar and tibial components at the time of surgery and during followup. The mean time to final followup was 51.2 months (range 11 to 98). We analyzed the anteroposterior offset as the distance between the center of the tibiotalar joint and the longitudinal axis of the tibia. Results: The mean anteroposterior offset ratio was 0.0 ± 0.06 (range −0.21 to 0.16), and it remained constant over time. Conclusion: Our data suggest that the latest three-component prosthesis functions similar to the two-component prosthesis, but we believe with an added advantage of allowing an individualized position of the polyethylene insert in response to the individual soft tissue load due to different ankle joint configurations. Level of Evidence: IV, Case Series
Cortical Thickness of the Second Metatarsal After Correction of Hallux Valgus
Authors: Opsomer Gaetan , Deleu Paul-André , Bevernage Bernhard Devos , Leemrijse Thibaut 
Published: September 2010

Background: Hallux valgus is a functional deformity of the first ray. When incorrectly aligned, the first ray is less effective as a support structure, and the stresses then theoretically transfer to the second metatarsal which could lead to increased cortical density. The aim of this study was to evaluate if surgical correction of hallux valgus lead to changes in the cortical density of the second metatarsal. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study involving 13 patients who had surgery for isolated hallux valgus. The average postoperative followup was 16 (range, 11 to 24) months. We analyzed pre- and postoperative radiographs of the feet. We assessed the variations in the medial and lateral cortical thickness, the medullary thickness and the shaft thickness (ST) of the second and fourth metatarsals. Results: A significant reduction of the medial cortical bone thickness of the second metatarsal (MT2) ( p < 0.001) and a significant medullary increase of MT2 ( p < 0.001) were observed postoperatively. However, no significant difference in the lateral cortical thickness or shaft thickness of the metatarsal was found. A significant reduction of the MCT/ST ratio ( p < 0.001) was also observed. Regarding the fourth metatarsal, which was used as a control, no significant change was observed. Conclusion: The isolated cortical variations of the second metatarsal suggests that isolated hallux valgus correction led to a redistribution of the stresses on to the first ray. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Case Series
High-Energy Extracorporeal Shock-Wave Therapy (ESWT) for the Treatment of Chronic Plantar Fasciitis
Authors: Metzner Gerald , Dohnalek Christian , Aigner Elmar 
Published: September 2010

Background: Few reports about the success of high-energy extracorporeal shock-wave therapy in cases of plantar fasciitis exist, even fewer about long-term results. This study investigated results of high-energy extracorporeal shock wave therapy applied to patients with recalcitrant plantar fasciitis. Materials and Methods: Ninety ESWT were applied to 63 patients (73 heels; 25 male and 38 female; average age 54 (29 to 77) years) from November 1999 to July 2003. All patients had plantar fasciitis for more than 6 months and failure of all non-surgical treatment for more than 3 months. A Dornier Lithotripter S, equipped with an electromagnetic shock-wave emitter was used. Routinely, 1000 shock wave impulses (frequency 2 per second, energy flux density (ED) 0.35 mJ/mm2 at 10.5 kV, total dose 350 mJ/mm2) were applied per treatment. Followup was carried out 6 weeks after ESWT, then a second clinic evaluation and a final followup at an average of 73 months after ESWT by telephone. Results: The success of ESWT, defined as a 30% VAS reduction, was seen in 81% at 6-week followup, at 88% at last clinic followup and in 96% at final phone followup. Conclusion: High-energy ESWT (0.35 mJ/mm2) was successful in the treatment of plantar fasciitis and the good short-term results seemed to be maintained over time. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Case Series
First Metatarsophalangeal Arthrodesis using a Dorsal Plate and a Compression Screw
Authors: Kumar Sujit , Pradhan Rajib , Rosenfeld Peter F. 
Published: September 2010

Background: Fusion of the first metatarsophalangeal joint is considered a ‘gold standard’ procedure for arthritis and as a salvage procedure for previous failed surgeries. Recent biomechanical studies have shown that a combination of a plate and screw is the most stable construct. Only a few studies have evaluated this combination and they have small cohorts so we are presenting our larger series of patients. Materials and Methods: Forty-six consecutive cases of first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion performed between April 2006 and April 2008 were performed using a dorsal plate and a compression screw. We analyzed the outcome in terms of fusion rate, patient satisfaction and complication rates. The average followup period was 23 (range, 14 to 37) months. The most common indications were hallux rigidus and severe hallux valgus. Results: Ninety-eight percent of the cases fused uneventfully by four months. The average time to fusion was 3.1 months. There was one non-union, which remained asymptomatic after metal removal which was the only case requiring removal of metal. There was no hardware failure. The patient satisfaction was 100%. The average AOFAS score was 82.1 (maximum, 90). Conclusion: These results show that arthrodesis of the first MTP joint with spherical reamers and a low-profile contoured dorsal titanium plate and compression screw is highly successful, with excellent patient satisfaction and functional outcomes. We recommend the use of specially designed plates against improvised plates as bending leads to poor control over dorsiflexion and may increase the incidence of plate failure. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective case series