bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The entropic uncertainty preservation in non-Markovian environment via classical driving fields
Authors: Hajihoseinlou H , Ahansaz B 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Uncertainty relations in terms of entropies were initially proposed to deal with conceptual shortcomings in the original formulation of the uncertainty principle and, hence, play an important role in quantum foundations. In quantum information theory, the preferred mathematical quantity to express the entropic uncertainty relation is the Shannon’s entropy. In this work, we investigate the effect of a classical driving field on entropic uncertainty lower bound (EULB). In this regard, we consider a particle as the quantum memory correlated with a measured particle, where during the interaction with the environment, the quantum memory is driven by the external classical field. Our result reveals that in the presence of the classical driving fields, the EULB is reduced and consequently, the measurement accuracy is increased.
Deep brain stimulation pulse sequences to optimally modulate frequency-specific neural activity
Authors: Farooqi Hafsa , Vitek Jerrold L , Escobar Sanabria David 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective. Precise neuromodulation systems are needed to identify the role of neural oscillatory dynamics in brain function and to advance the development of brain stimulation therapies tailored to each patient’s signature of brain dysfunction. Low-frequency, local field potentials (LFPs) are of increasing interest for the development of these systems because they can reflect the synaptic inputs to a recorded neuronal population and can be chronically recorded in humans. In this computational study, we aim to identify stimulation pulse patterns needed to optimally maximize the suppression or amplification of frequency-specific neural activity. Approach. We derived DBS pulse patterns to minimize or maximize the 2-norm of frequency-specific neural oscillations using a generalized mathematical model of spontaneous and stimulation-evoked LFP activity, and a subject-specific model of neural dynamics in the pallidum of a Parkinson’s disease patient. We leveraged convex and mixed-integer optimization tools to identify these pulse patterns, and employed constraints on the pulse frequency and amplitude that are required to keep electrical stimulation within its safety envelope. Main results. Our analysis revealed that a combination of phase, amplitude, and frequency pulse modulation is needed to attain optimal suppression or amplification of the targeted oscillations. Phase modulation is sufficient to modulate oscillations with a constant amplitude envelope. To attain optimal modulation for oscillations with a time-varying envelope, a trade-off between frequency and amplitude pulse modulation is needed. The optimized pulse sequences were invariant to changes in the dynamics of stimulation-evoked neural activity, including changes in damping and natural frequency or complexity (i.e. generalized vs. patient-specific model). Significance. Our results provide insight into the structure of pulse patterns for future closed-loop brain stimulation strategies aimed at controlling neural activity precisely and in real-time.
Plastic scintillator fiber detectors for heavy ion trajectory reconstruction for the Super-FRS at FAIR
Authors: Czogalik M. , Nociforo C. , Alfonsi M. , Caesar C. , Galvis Tarquino J.A. , Heggen H. , Heil M. , Kurz N. , Minami S. , Savran D. , Simon H. , Winkler M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
At the FAIR facility, currently under construction at GSI (Darmstadt), a 1.5 AGeV uranium
beam with intensities up to 2.5 × 1011
238U/spill will impinge on a graphite
target at the entrance of the Super-FRS for the production of a wide range of rare isotopes by
projectile fission and fragmentation. The next generation in-flight magnetic separator Super-FRS,
operated up to a magnetic rigidity of 20 Tm with a large angular acceptance (Δθ =
± 40 mrad, Δϕ = ± 20 mrad) and momentum acceptance (Δ p/p = ± 2.5%),
requires a new generation of tracking detectors with a position resolution of 0.2 mm
(σx
) over large detector areas reaching up to 570 cm2. Besides gas detectors,
planar detectors made of scintillating fibers are an option worth investigating not only because
of the comparable material budget but especially for the fast response and high-rate capability. A
one-dimensional prototype consisting of 128 fibers with active area of 25.6 × 100 mm2
coupled to Multi-Pixel-Photon Counters (MPPCs) and readout by FPGA TDC is described together with
some recent 197Au beam test results.
Calibration and validation measurements of the Extended-range Bonner sphere spectrometer
Authors: Gong Yiwei , Wen Zhiwen , Luo Peng , Song Shiyu , Huang Yuxuan , Ran Jianling , Tang Xiaoqin , Jiang Yue , Chen Zhiqiang , Xu Junkui 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
An Extended-range Bonner sphere spectrometer (EBSS) has been
developed to investigate the neutron spectra of the China initiative
Accelerator Driven System. This paper presents the design,
calibration, and validation measurements of the EBSS system using a
standard 241Am-Be neutron source and the cosmic ray
neutrons. The EBSS system was simulated using the PHITS code, and
the geometric structures were designed using the response functions
obtained by simulations. The EBSS system comprises of seven
polyethylene-only spheres and seven extended-range spheres encased
in lead, copper, or tungsten shells along with a bare 3He
proportional counter. To verify the accuracy of the simulated
response functions, the EBSS system was calibrated with
monoenergetic neutron beams of 565 keV at the China Institute of
Atomic Energy in Beijing. The EBSS system was used to measure
neutron count rates of the 241Am-Be neutron source and cosmic
ray neutrons. Subsequently, the measured neutron count rates were
converted into neutron spectra by the unfolding
software. Experimental findings demonstrate the precise capability
of the EBSS system to measure neutron spectra across a wide range of
neutron radiation fields.
Comment on ‘Critical points of Potts and O(N) models from eigenvalue identities in periodic Temperley–Lieb algebras’
Authors: Yang Yi , Zhou Shuigeng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We present an algorithm to compute the exact critical probability h(n) for an

n
×
∞

helical square lattice with random and independent site occupancy. The algorithm has time complexity

O
(

n
2

c
n

)

and space complexity

O
(

c
n

)

with c = 2.7459... and allows us to compute h(n) up to n = 24. Since the extrapolation result of h(n) is inconsistent with the current best estimation of pc
, we also compute and extend the exact critical probability

p
c

(
n
)

for an

n
×
∞

cylindrical square lattice to n = 24. Our calculation shows that the current best result of

p
c

=
0.592

746

050

792

10
(
2
)

by Jacobsen (2015 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.
48 454003) is incorrect and the corrected value should be

0.592

746

050

7896
(
1
)

.
On the rationality and the code structure of a Narain CFT, and the simple current orbifold
Authors: Furuta Yuma 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we discuss the simple current orbifold of a rational Narain CFT (Narain RCFT). This is a method of constructing other rational CFTs from a given rational CFT, by ‘orbifolding’ the global symmetry formed by a particular primary fields (called the simple current). Our main result is that a Narain RCFT satisfying certain conditions can be described in the form of a simple current orbifold of another Narain RCFT, and we have shown how the discrete torsion in taking that orbifold is obtained. Additionally, the partition function can be considered a simple current orbifold with discrete torsion, which is determined by the lattice and the B-field. We establish that the partition function can be expressed as a polynomial, with the variables substituted by certain q-series. In a specific scenario, this polynomial corresponds to the weight enumerator polynomial of an error-correcting code. Using this correspondence to the code theory, we can relate the B-field, the discrete torsion, and the B-form to each other.
Path integrals, complex probabilities and the discrete Weyl representation
Authors: Polyzou W N 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A discrete formulation of the real-time path integral as the expectation value of a functional of paths with respect to a complex probability on a sample space of discrete valued paths is explored. The formulation in terms of complex probabilities is motivated by a recent reinterpretation of the real-time path integral as the expectation value of a potential functional with respect to a complex probability distribution on cylinder sets of paths. The discrete formulation in this work is based on a discrete version of the Weyl algebra that can be applied to any observable with a finite number of outcomes. The origin of the complex probability in this work is the completeness relation. In the discrete formulation the complex probability exactly factors into products of conditional probabilities and exact unitarity is maintained at each level of approximation. The approximation of infinite dimensional quantum systems by discrete systems is discussed. The method is illustrated by applying it to scattering theory and quantum field theory. The implications of these applications for quantum computing is discussed.
Insights from number theory into the critical Kauffman model with connectivity one
Authors: Sheldon F C , Fink T M A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The Kauffman model of genetic computation highlights the importance of criticality at the border of order and chaos. The model with connectivity one is of special interest because it is exactly solvable. But our understanding of its behavior is incomplete, and much of what we do know relies on heuristic arguments. Here, we show that the key quantities in the model are intimately related to aspects of number theory. Using these links, we derive improved bounds for the number of attractors as well as the mean attractor length, which is harder to compute. Our work suggests that number theory is the natural language for deducing many properties of the critical Kauffman model with connectivity one, and opens the door to further insight into this deceptively simple model.
Complex dynamics and chaos control of a quantum Stackelberg game with heterogeneous players
Authors: Chen Ji 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this research article, we explore the complex dynamics of a quantum Stackelberg game and its chaos control involving players with heterogeneous expectations. We utilize the Iqbal & Toor scheme to quantize the classical Stackelberg game and observe that the first mover advantage is diminished in the quantum version of the game. By examining the game from an evolutionary perspective, where the leader firm employs bounded rational expectations and the follower firm adopts adaptive expectations, we discover that the quantum Stackelberg game exhibits complex behaviors, such as cyclic and chaotic states. The local stability of the quantum game depends on the initial state of the game. Additionally, the occurrence of chaos is delayed in the quantum game. To further investigate, we implement the time-delayed feedback method to control the chaos in the quantum game and demonstrate that the techniques used for controlling the classical game are still effective in the quantum game.
Current state of stimulated Brillouin scattering microscopy for the life sciences
Authors: Bilenca Alberto , Prevedel Robert , Scarcelli Giuliano 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) microscopy is a nonlinear all-optical imaging method that provides mechanical contrast based on the interaction of laser radiation and acoustical vibrational modes. Featuring high mechanical specificity and sensitivity, three-dimensional sectioning, and practical imaging times, SBS microscopy with (quasi) continuous wave excitation is rapidly advancing as a promising imaging tool for label-free visualization of viscoelastic information of materials and living biological systems. In this article, we introduce the theory of SBS microscopy and review the current state-of-the-art as well as recent innovations, including different approaches to system designs and data analysis. In particular, various performance parameters of SBS microscopy and its applications in the life sciences are described and discussed. Future perspectives for SBS microscopy are also presented.
On multivariate 𝐿^{𝑝} Bernstein-Markov type inequalities
Authors: Kroó András 
Published: June 2024

It was established in a recent paper by Kroó [J. Approx. Theory 281/282 (2022), p. 5] that the following sharp

L
2

L^2

Bernstein-Markov type inequality on the unit ball

B
d

B^d

holds for any polynomial

p
p

of degree at most

n
n

in

d
d

variables,

‖
(
1
−

|

x

|

2

)

μ
+
1

2

D
p

‖

L
2

(

B
d

)

≤

M
n

(
d
)
‖
(
1
−

|

x

|

2

)

μ
2

p

‖

L
2

(

B
d

)

,

μ
>
−
1
,

\begin{equation*} \|(1-|x|^2)^{\frac {\mu +1}{2}}D p\|_{L_2(B^d)}\leq M_n(d)\|(1-|x|^2)^{\frac {\mu }{2}}p\|_{L_2(B^d)}, \;\;\mu >-1, \end{equation*}

with

M
n

(
d
)
=

n
(
n
+
d
+
2
μ
)

M_n(d)=\sqrt {n(n+d+2\mu )}

or

n
(
n
+
d
+
2
μ
)
−
d
+
1

\sqrt {n(n+d+2\mu )-d+1}

when

n
n

is even or odd, respectively, where

D
p

Dp

denotes the

l
2

l^2

norm of the gradient of

p
p

. And all of the estimates listed above were sharp with equalities being attained for certain polynomials. In this paper the uniqueness of the corresponding extremal polynomials is verified.

For homogeneous polynomials

h
n

∈

H
n
d

h_n\in H^d_n

of degree

n
n

in

d
d

variables we will prove sharp

L
2

L_2

Markov type inequalities

ξ
n

‖

h
n

‖

L
2

(

S

d
−
1

)

≤
‖
D

h
n

‖

L
2

(

S

d
−
1

)

≤

n
(
2
n
+
d
−
2
)

‖

h
n

‖

L
2

(

S

d
−
1

)

\begin{equation*} \xi _n\|h_n\|_{L_2(S^{d-1})}\leq \|D h_n\|_{L_2(S^{d-1})}\leq \sqrt {n(2n+d-2)}\|h_n\|_{L_2(S^{d-1})} \end{equation*}

with

ξ
n

=
n

\xi _n=n

if

n
n

is even and

ξ
n

=

n
2

+
d
−
1

\xi _n=\sqrt {n^2+d-1}

if

n
n

is odd. The upper bound is attained if and only if

h
n

h_n

is a spherical harmonic while the lower bound is attained if and only if

h
n

(
x
)
=
c

|

x

|

n

h_n(x)=c|x|^n

, or

h
n

(
x
)
=

|

x

|

n
−
1

q
(
x
)
,
q
∈

H
1
d

h_n(x)=|x|^{n-1}q(x), q\in H^d_1

when

n
n

is even or odd, respectively.

In addition, we will study possible extensions of these results to the

L
p

L^p

case. In particular it will be established that the

L
p

L^p

Markov factor for homogeneous polynomials of degree

n
n

on

C
2

C^2

star like domains with non degenerate outer normals is of asymptotically optimal order

n
n

.
Introducing the Poetics and Polemics of Muslim Prayer in the United States
Authors: Aslan Rose 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The chapter introduces the poetics and polemics of Muslim prayer in the United States. It discusses how prayer is a core practice for Muslims that connects them to God, yet can also lead to discomfort and fear of discrimination when performed publicly. Through poetry and personal narratives, the chapter explores Muslims’ diverse relationships with prayer—from fond childhood memories learning to pray, to challenges praying publicly and finding accommodations, to spiritual meaning found in the act. It portrays prayer as an intimate ritual that anchors identity, but one that must adapt to fit American life. The chapter argues studying prayer illuminates how Muslims interpret and apply their faith in the US context.
Surveying Muslim Prayer in American Public Life
Authors: Aslan Rose 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The chapter provides an examination of Muslim prayer in American public life, shedding light on various aspects of this practice. It reveals that a significant number of Muslims engage in daily prayer, although safety concerns and discomfort may deter some individuals from praying in public settings. The results of a survey of U.S. Muslims indicate that Muslims are less likely to engage in public prayer individually, but are more inclined to participate in group prayers or utilize designated prayer spaces. Unfortunately, public prayer often exposes Muslims to potential discrimination, despite the constitutional guarantee of religious freedom. The pervasive issue of Islamophobia further influences the willingness of Muslims to engage in public prayer. Consequently, the landscape surrounding Muslim prayer experiences ongoing transformations with the emergence of new developments. By delving into prayer practices, one gains valuable insights into how Muslims interpret and navigate their faith amidst numerous challenges. Furthermore, the chapter situates prayer practices within the complex and contentious debates surrounding public expressions of religious beliefs.
Prayer and Religious Accommodations in Schools, Universities, and the Workplace
Authors: Aslan Rose 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The chapter examines how Muslim students and employees in the United States navigate religious accommodations for prayer in public schools, universities, and workplaces. It finds uneven support, with private institutions often more accommodating than public ones wary of church-state issues. University students increasingly demand proper prayer spaces, catalyzed by rising Islamophobia. Low-wage Muslim workers struggle for basic accommodations, sometimes suing factories denying requests. Outcomes depend on interpretations of the law and employer willingness. Understanding prayer accommodation illuminates how Islamic ritual practice is both accepted and contested in public American life as Muslims assert their rights. The chapter contextualizes Muslim efforts amid broader debates about secularism, religious freedom, and discrimination.
Religious Leaders and Prescriptions around Muslim Prayer Practices
Authors: Aslan Rose 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The chapter explore debates among Muslim religious leaders and scholars regarding the prescriptions for prayer practices, particularly within non-Muslim societies such as the United States. It uncovers a wide spectrum of opinions ranging from strict adherence to the allowance of flexibility. Traditionalist scholars staunchly advocate for normative practices without considering contextual factors and circumstances. Moderate scholars demonstrate adaptability by tailoring rulings to accommodate the needs of Muslim minorities, permitting certain exceptions. The chapter critically examines the approaches of renewalists who craft new interpretive frameworks and contrasts them with traditionalists who rely on established jurisprudence. It argues that the lived realities of Muslims often diverge from the scholarly opinions, highlighting the ongoing efforts of Muslims to navigate and integrate their ritual obligations within the secular context of American society. By understanding these debates, one gains a deeper insight into the multifaceted strategies adopted by Muslims in their endeavor to maintain religious observance in an ever-evolving cultural landscape.
Prayer as Protest and Protest as Prayer
Authors: Aslan Rose 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The chapter examines how prayer intersects with protest for US Muslims. It argues prayer takes on political meaning in public spaces, asserting Muslim identity and belonging. Prayer protests defy Islamophobia, build solidarity, and raise awareness. Examples include border gatherings, Black Lives Matter (BLM) vigils, travel ban rallies, and more. Prayer embodies theology and beliefs, merging the sacred and mundane. For activists, incorporating prayer rituals lends spirituality to dissent. Understanding protest prayer illuminates creative ways Muslims integrate faith into civic engagement and navigate tensions. The chapter contextualizes Muslim experiences within broader histories of prayer, politics, and activism in the United States.
Ideology Critique and the Critique of Morality
Authors: Wills Vanessa Christina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter offers a critical reconstruction of Marx’s “ideology” concept, arguing that ideology is best understood as theory mediated by a given economic class’s perspective on the conflict between itself and opposing class(es). As such, the “ideology” concept does not point to a rigid opposition of “true” and “false.” However distorting, the bourgeoisie’s perspective cannot lose complete contact with reality without endangering that class’s capacity to manipulate the world to its ends. However clarifying and liberatory, the proletariat’s perspective cannot entirely overcome its own material basis as a product of capitalist society, except by winning the struggle for a future beyond capitalism. Such a society would be one in which a shared, intersubjective, universal human perspective could supplant previous, fractured class consciousnesses, creating the possibility for nonideological and fully objective human consciousness of our natural and social world.
“Bourgeois” Freedom and Equal Right
Authors: Wills Vanessa Christina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter explains how, on Marx’s view, “bourgeois” freedom, equality, and property only retain their validity within a specific form of activity under capitalism—commodity exchange. Abstracting from the rest of social existence under capitalism, it is possible to believe that the worker is truly free insofar as she effects her will through contract; truly equal, because she receives in exchange for her labor power a wage of ostensibly equivalent value; and truly protected in her right to property, disposing of her labor power as she wills. However, outside this realm of abstraction, one notices the worker is not truly free, but compelled to sell her labor power so that she might continue to live. As these illusions of bourgeois morality become less tenable, we understand the real situation of the worker and the real economic relations of capitalist society more concretely.
Marx’s Critiques of Rival Moral Theories
Authors: Wills Vanessa Christina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter presents Marx’s critiques of Christianity, Kantianism, Utilitarianism, and Malthusianism, four of the ethical perspectives to which he gives special attention in his writings. Central to Marx’s criticism of the rival views is that they each in their own way flee from materialism and into a realm of ahistorical ideal abstraction. In doing so, they frequently, paradoxically, command behavior that makes a really existing better world less likely if not outright impossible to achieve. They frequently prohibit precisely those actions and that behavior that would be necessary for the antagonism, alienation, domination, subjection, and suffering of our present world to be overcome. In this way, they function to prevent the very same norms and values they extol from ever actually being universally instantiated.
“No Particular Wrong”
Authors: Wills Vanessa Christina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter analyzes Marx’s comments on the “abolition” of morality. For Marx, the proletariat is unique in the complete coincidence of class interest with universal, human interest. In pursuing its emancipation from the dehumanizing reach of capital, the proletariat constitutes the practical resolution of the most pressing ethical problem of our time. In this sense, workers’ self-emancipatory activity presages the “abolition of morality” that Marx foresees as a consequence of any future transition to a fully developed communist society, with its resolution of the contradictions between private interest and public good, and its forging of those conditions within which we might realize in practice the treatment of every person as an end in themselves. This chapter takes up Marx’s engagements with Aristotle’s De Anima, demonstrating how these indicate the kind of “human sense” that Marx thought might emerge in the wake of abstract moral theory.