bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asymmetric transmission for linearly polarized terahertz waves without polarization conversion
Authors: Yang Tian , Fang Xiong , Xu Weiwei , Zeng Xinxi , Guo Zheni , Meng Fanbin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this study, a novel metamaterial (MM) architecture is presented, which comprises cut wires and split-ring resonators (SRRs) and demonstrates asymmetric transmission characteristics. Unlike previously reported multi-layer chiral structures, spatial asymmetry is introduced by aligning the cut wires and SRRs with the propagation direction of electromagnetic waves. This innovative alignment effectively disrupts time-reversal symmetry, enabling asymmetric transmission. A thorough analysis of the electromagnetic field distribution and surface current patterns offers insights into the fundamental mechanisms underlying this asymmetric transmission. Notably, the ability of this MM design to maintain the polarization state of transmitted waves positions it as a promising candidate for terahertz systems applications.
Compressed baryon acoustic oscillation analysis is robust to modified-gravity models
Authors: Pan Jiaming , Huterer Dragan , Andrade-Oliveira Felipe , Avestruz Camille 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We study the robustness of the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) analysis to the underlying cosmological model. We focus on testing the standard BAO analysis that relies on the use of a template. These templates are constructed assuming a fixed fiducial cosmological model and used to extract the location of the acoustic peaks. Such “compressed analysis” had been shown to be unbiased when applied to the ΛCDM model and some of its extensions. However, it has not been known whether this type of analysis introduces biases in a wider range of cosmological models where the template may not fully capture relevant features in the BAO signal. In this study, we apply the compressed analysis to noiseless mock power spectra that are based on Horndeski models, a broad class of modified-gravity theories specified with eight additional free parameters. We study the precision and accuracy of the BAO peak-location extraction assuming DESI, DESI II, and MegaMapper survey specifications. We find that the bias in the extracted peak locations is negligible; for example, it is less than 10% of the statistical error for even the proposed future MegaMapper survey. Our findings indicate that the compressed BAO analysis is remarkably robust to the underlying cosmological model.
Cosmology before noon with multiple galaxy populations
Authors: Ebina Haruki , White Martin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Near-future facilities observing the high-redshift universe (2 < z < 5) will have an opportunity to take advantage of “multi-tracer” cosmology by observing multiple tracers of the matter density field: Lyman alpha emitters (LAE), Lyman break galaxies (LBG), and CMB lensing κ. In this work we use Fisher forecasts to investigate the effect of multi-tracers on next-generation facilities.
In agreement with previous work, we show that multiple tracers improve constraints primarily from degeneracy breaking, instead of the traditional intuition of sample variance cancellation. Then, we forecast that for both BBN and CMB primary priors, the addition of lensing and LAEs onto a LBG-only sample will gain 25% or more in many parameters, with the largest gains being factor of ∼ 10 improvement for f
EDE.
We include a preliminary approach towards modelling the impact of radiative transfer (RT) on forecasts involving LAEs by introducing a simplified model at linear theory level. Our results, albeit preliminary, show that while RT influences LAE-only forecasts strongly, its effect on composite multi-tracer forecasts is limited.
A gravitational constant transition within cepheids as supernovae calibrators can solve the Hubble tension
Authors: Ruchika  , Rathore Himansh , Choudhury Shouvik Roy , Rentala Vikram 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Local universe measurements of the Hubble constant H
0 using SNe Ia with Cepheids as calibrators yield a value of H
0 = 73.04 ± 1.04 km s-1 Mpc-1, which is in tension with the value of H
0 inferred from the Cosmic Microwave Background and other higher redshift probes.
In ref. [1], the authors proposed a rapid transition in the value of the effective Newtonian gravitational constant G in order to alleviate the Hubble tension. The transition point was chosen so as to only affect distance estimates to Hubble flow SNe. However, in this study, the authors made the assumption that SNe Ia peak luminosity L increases with Chandrasekhar mass Mc
. This hypothesis contradicts a previous semi-analytic study of SN light curves in the presence of a G-transition [2] which concluded that there is an inverse relationship between L and Mc
. Motivated by the results of ref. [1] and [2], we propose a hypothesis of a sudden recent change in the effective Newtonian gravitational constant G at an epoch which corresponds to a smaller look-back distance between ∼ 7–80 Mpc. A transition in G at these distances would affect both our estimates of the distances to Cepheids in calibrator galaxies, as well as to the Hubble flow supernovae. Upon fitting the observational data to this hypothesis, we find three interesting results: (i) we find mild evidence for a G-transition at 22.4 Mpc (73 million years ago) which is preferred (using certain estimators) by the calibrator type Ia SNe data over no G-transition, (ii) the Hubble constant inferred under this hypothesis is in good agreement with the value obtained from the CMB for a 4% larger value of G at earlier times, thus potentially resolving the Hubble tension, (iii) we obtain a fit to the scaling relationship between SN peak luminosity L and Chandrasekhar mass Mc
, as L ∝ Mc

-1.68 ± 0.68, which is in good agreement with the prediction of the theoretical study of ref. [2]. We also discuss how other probes could be used to verify this transition in the value of G.
Directional detection of meV dark photons with Dandelion
Authors: Beaufort C. , Bastero-Gil M. , Catalano A. , Erfani-Harami D-S. , Guillaudin O. , Macias-Perez J. , Santos D. , Savorgnano S. , Vezzu F. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper presents Dandelion, a new dish antenna experiment searching for dark photons (DPs) with masses around the meV that will start acquiring in 2024. A spherical mirror acts as a conversion surface between DPs and standard photons that converge to a matrix of 418 Kinetic Inductance Detectors cooled down to 150 mK. A tilt of the mirror at 1 Hz moves the expected signal over the pixels thus enabling a continuous background reference measurement. The expected signal has two modulations: a spatial modulation providing a directional signature for the unambiguous discovery of a DP, and an intensity modulation allowing the determination of the polarization of the DP. For masses near the meV, the inflationary production of longitudinal and transverse DPs are mutually excluded, thus the polarization determination by Dandelion could shed a new light on the inflation phase of the early universe. A first Dandelion prototype operating for 30 days would improve by more than one order of magnitude the current exclusion limits on DPs at the meV mass scale and would probe this region with an unprecedented discovery potential based on directional detection.
Microstructure and magnetic properties of FeCoZr(Mo)BGe nanocrystalline alloys
Authors: Yu 于 Wanqiu 万秋 , Sun 孙 Yanxiang 筵翔 , Liu 刘 Lihua 立华 , Zhang 张 Pingli 平丽 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The microstructure and magnetic properties of Fe40Co40Zr9B10Ge1 (Mo-free) and Fe40Co40Zr5Mo4B10Ge1 (Mo-containing) nanocrystalline alloys, prepared using an amorphous crystallization method, were investigated. Mo addition affects the crystallization of the Fe40Co40Zr9B10Ge1 amorphous alloy and decreases the grain size of the α-Fe(Co) phase below 650 °C. For the Mo-free alloy annealed at 600 °C and the Mo-containing alloy annealed at 575 °C, with a single α-Fe(Co) crystallization phase and approximately similar crystallization volume fractions, the Mo-containing alloy showed smaller, more regularly shaped grains and a significantly narrower grain-size distribution than the Mo-free alloy. The Fe and Co contents in the nanograins of the two alloys also differed. For the Mo-free alloy, a higher concentration of Co distributed in the residual amorphous matrix. For the Mo-containing alloy, a higher concentration Co dissolved in the nanograins. The specific saturation magnetization and coercivity of the Mo-free alloy were 1.05- and 1.59-times higher than those of the Mo-containing alloy, respectively.
Interfaces enhanced plasma irradiation resistance in CrMoTaWV/W multilayer films through blocking He diffusion
Authors: Qu Chenyi , Hong Mengqing , Wei Guo , Ge Wentao , Guo Enkai , Zhong Fen , Cai Guangxu , Wang Yongqiang , Ren Feng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The performance of plasma-facing materials (PFMs) is one of the key factors that significantly impact the stability of operation in fusion reactors. Herein, a new CrMoTaWV/W (high entropy alloy (HEA)/W) multilayer structure is designed as PFM to investigate its resistance to He plasma irradiation. It was observed that the introduction of the interfaces effectively absorbed plenty of He atoms, preventing them from diffusing into the material and delaying the formation of fuzz incubation zone, therefore, enhancing the resistance to plasma irradiation. The thickness transformed to fuzz in the HEA/W multilayer films was observed to be about two-thirds of those in the CrMoTaWV (HEA) film. Additionally, the fuzz growth rates in HEA/W multilayer films are lower than the average growth rate of bulk W and HEA films combined. These findings highlight a promising new avenue for the exploration of high-performance PFMs.
Attribution of the unprecedented summer 2022 compound marine and terrestrial heatwave in the Northwest Pacific
Authors: Chen Qiaojun , Li Delei , Feng Jianlong , Qi Jifeng , Zhao Liang , Yin Baoshu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In boreal summer (July–August) 2022, an unprecedented marine heatwave (MHW) occurred in the northwest Pacific Ocean (NWP), while a record-breaking terrestrial heatwave (THW) hit the Yangtze River Basin (YRB). The temperature anomalies caused by this compound MHW-THW event exceeded climatology by 2.5 standard deviations (SDs), breaking the historical record for nearly 100 years, with severe impacts on the ecosystems and social economy. To investigate the underlying causes, we explored the potential roles of anthropogenic forcing, atmospheric circulation, and ‘triple-dip’ La Niña on this compound event using the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) multi-model simulations. Results indicate that the 2022-like compound MHW-THW event was extremely unlikely to happen without anthropogenic warming, and that such extreme heatwaves were governed by the climatic mean temperature rather than changes in temperature variability. Notably, the anticyclone circulation patterns and associated high-pressure systems (i.e. western North Pacific subtropical high (WNPSH) and South Asian high (SAH)) increase the probability of a 2022-like MHW-THW event by 3.7 times. However, the La Niña phase has no significant effect on the occurrence probability of such events. We further estimate that the 2022-like MHW-THW event will become 7.5 and 11.4 times more likely under the SSP3-7.0 scenario by the middle and end of the 21st century, respectively. This study demonstrates the contribution of anthropogenic climate change and natural variability to the occurrence of compound MHW-THW events and highlights the urgent need to build mitigation strategies for compound MHW-THW events.
Quench dynamics of interacting bosons: generalized coherent states versus multi-mode Glauber states
Authors: Qiao Yulong , Grossmann Frank 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Multi-mode Glauber coherent states (MMGS) as well as Bloch states with zero quasi-momentum, which are a special case of generalized coherent states (GCS), are frequently used to describe condensed phases of bosonic many-body systems. The difference of two-point correlators of MMGS and GCS vanishes in the thermodynamic limit. Using the established expansion of MMGS in terms of GCS, we derive a Fourier-type relation between the (auto-)correlation functions of the two different time-evolved states. This relation reveals that the (auto-)correlation and thus the dynamical free-energy density for the two cases are still different, even in the thermodynamic limit, due to the lack of the U(1) symmetry of the MMGS. Analytic results for the deep lattice model of interacting bosons for increasing filling factors show multiple sharp structures in the dynamical free energy-density of increasing complexity. These are explained using the evolution of Husimi functions in phase space.
The use of geoelectrical resistivity methods to detect the potential landslides in Payung, Batu City, Indonesia
Authors: Hasan M F R , Susilo A , Suryo E A , Agung P A M , Pratama A , Idmi M H , Mustaffa A A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Landslides are a serious threat as they cause damage, loss of economic assets, infrastructure, and productive land. When entering the rainy season, several areas in Indonesia often experience landslides; one of them is Batu City, which has experienced 267 landslides in the last 4 years (2019-2022). This research aims to map landslide susceptibility areas in the research area using the geoelectrical resistivity method. This research uses the geoelectrical resistivity method with 10 measurement points, and the distance between electrodes is 10 meters. Data analysis is presented in 1D, then interpolated by combining at least two adjacent sounding points to produce a 2D model. The results show that the rock types measured at the research location were tufa breccia, clay, tuff, and the last layer was lava rock. The area that experienced the most frequent high landslides was in Points P05 - P 10, where lava as bedrock was found at an average depth of 25 meters, while in Points P 01 - P 04, lava rock was found at an average depth of above 51 meters. Water can easily seep through the clay rock and then be retained in the lava rock layer because lava rock is more compact. If this water accumulates in that layer, it will become a slip zone, thereby accelerating the process of landslides.
Optimization of eco-waste synthesis in zinc oxide-graphene oxide for cephalexin antibiotics removal
Authors: Heshammuddin N A , Zailan M T M , Mohamed R M S R , Mohd-Kamil N A F 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Cephalexin (CFX) is an antibiotic prescribed for a wide variety of conditions, including bacterial infections and urinary tract infections. It has recently been labelled as an emerging pollutant due to the high concentrations of CFX that indicate a potential risk to the environment. This research set out to discover the best conditions for producing a leachate from waste materials utilising the Eco-Zinc Oxide-Graphene Oxide (Eco-ZnO/GO) catalyst for the efficient removal of CFX. The Eco-ZnO/GO nanocomposite that were generated from waste is used for adsorption in an aqueous solution. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) was used to characterise Eco-Zno/GO nanocomposite while Response Surface Methodology (RSM) were used to optimise the removal efficiency of CFX across three factors: starting concentration, mixing speed, and contact time. Average nanoparticle sizes for Eco-ZnO and GO were measured to be 23 and 122 nm, respectively. Eco-ZnO/GO has a maximum removal efficiency of 89.55% at the optimal factor of 1000 rpm in 30 minutes when working with a concentration of 100 mg/l of CFX. The results of the study demonstrated that the waste nanocomposite technology is used to remove the material effectively, which can add to our growing body of knowledge in this area.
Effect of dual flocculant by unmodified manihot esculenta starch and aluminium sulphate on the removal of chemical oxygen demand optimized by response surface methodology
Authors: Rahmat S , Othman N , Ahmad S N , Asharuddin S M 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Applying inorganic metal salt-based aluminium sulphate (Al2(SO4)3) or alum in wastewater treatment has gained many concerns regarding the impact on health and environmental implications. Due to the negative consequences, incorporating inorganic and natural flocculants in the coagulation-flocculation process is the alternative way to reduce undesirable effects. In this study, an evaluation performance of Manihot esculenta (ME) starch and alum as a dual flocculant was conducted to remove chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the optimum weight ratio of alum/starch = 0.06. The optimization of coagulation-flocculation by the optimal (custom) design, response surface methodology (RSM) presented that applying a dual flocculant improved the COD removal efficiency by up to 93% compared to a single coagulant (alum) of 85%. Besides the performance of COD removal increased, the dosage of the chemical coagulant was reduced by up to 64% at the optimum condition of 18 mg/L alum dosage, 307 mg/L starch dosage, pH 9, and 27 mins settling time. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that the quadratic model was significantly developed with a p-value < 0.05. The results were justified by a high coefficient of determination (R2
alum = 0.9641) and (R2
dual flocculants = 0.9335) using single and dual flocculants, respectively. The findings supported ME starch as an alternative approach in minimizing chemical coagulants in wastewater treatment.
The Optimization of Photosynthetic Bacteria (PSB) for Water Quality Improvement
Authors: Hamzah D N , Talib S H A , Abustan M S , Hashim S I N S 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
UTHM lakes has being surrounded by an open environment exposed to passing vehicles, oil palm plantation effluent and precipitation of rainwater and the lakes may be vulnerable to the emission of various pollutants that will degrade the water quality. Photosynthetic Bacteria (PSB) give benefits to aquaculture which can affects aquatic life like fish and it also keeps the pond bottom clean and aids in the degradation of organic trash. This study aims to determine the optimum value of PSB needed to improve water quality of the lake and the limitation of this study only related to groundwater and surface water contamination that get into the lake only. Laboratory experiment was conducted to record the water quality such as pH, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Ammonia Nitrogen. The standard method and instrumentation based on National Water Quality Standard (NWQS) used to measure the parameters. As a results, Sample B can get the optimum value of reduction for COD and Ammonia Nitrogen within seventh day and Sample D got the optimum value of reduction for BOD experiment in the seventh day. PSB helps to decompose many toxic matters such as ammonia and helps reduce the chemical and antibiotic usage as it could prevent aquatic life from diseases. Photosynthetic Bacteria’s biomass can be explored more in future study as mentioned by various researchers as PSB succeed in dark-fermentation process to boost their capacity to produce hydrogen.
Assessment of the sub-urban drainage system resilience on the increased flooding scenario using Storm Water Management Model (SWMM)
Authors: Najib L M , Bateni N , Seng-Mah D Y 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study aims to provide technical support for decision-makers by presenting an evaluation of flood in Tanjung Bundong, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia. Storm Water Management Model was utilized to simulate the existing drainage network until it reached the main outlet of Sabang River. The hydrological and hydraulic parameters which included rainfall and tidal effects of Sabang river were determined to assess the cause of flooding series since 2015. The mapping of the drainage network was carried out to evaluate the existing drainage. The site investigations showed about 31% of the earthen canals and 5% of concrete drains were obstructed due to the trash accumulation, overgrown vegetation along the drain, and accumulation of soil sediments. Therefore, these occurrences shallowed the invert levels of the drain. This had resulted in 15 nodes flooded when simulated with 2-year average recurrence interval design rainfall and rose to 29 nodes with 50-year average recurrence interval design rainfall. With the combination of high tidal levels, the flood volumes reached 241,579 m3, especially during intense rainfall. The results showed the importance of periodic maintenance on the drainage network to ensure its resilience against nuisance flooding.
Potential application of landfill leachate as the substrate for electricity generation.
Authors: Rahman SK H , Yap CL , Yap LV , Chan YJ , Show PL 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Environmental pollution by wastewater is a prominent crisis in the modern world, and currently, available treatments consume high amounts of electricity, leading to another global crisis of resources. Present system designs in Malaysia focus mainly on treating municipal effluents. This leaves a wide scope for treating other substrates such as landfill leachate effluents. Landfill leachate is one of the alarming pollutants of water reservoirs due to the presence of high concentrations of contaminants such as chemical oxygen demand, ammonia, phosphate, nitrogen, and harmful heavy metals. This raises an immediate focus to modernize its’ treatment system in Malaysia by using sustainable biological treatment with minimal use of energy. Thus, this research targets treating leachate landfill wastewater using an anaerobic digestion process by bacteria that will not only remove the high chemical oxygen demand contents of the wastewater but also utilize them to generate electricity. The two anaerobic electrogenic bacteria, Shewanella oneidensis and Klebsiella pneumoniae were used in this study at 10%, 30%, and 50% concentration, presenting a substantial removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) from landfill leachate wastewater, in turn, producing a power output of 0.09μA to 0.36μA on a microliter scale, measured using a compact paper-based electro-fluidic array that mimics a microbial fuel cell. However, the bacterial digestion of landfill leachate was found to be inhibited due to the presence of high concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen and phosphate.