bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a 12-Word Version of a Verbal Learning Test for Persian-Speaking Older Adults: Reliability, Construct Validity, and Normative Standards
Authors: Rahmani Fahimeh , Khanjani Mohammad Saeed , Azkhosh Manoochehr , Younesi Seyyed Jalal , Hassani-Abharian Peyman , Hoseinzadeh Samaneh , Sayadnasiri Mohammad 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective
As people enter old age, they develop diseases, challenges, and cognitive and behavioral deficits that are associated with decreased abilities. Memory abilities and deficiencies and impaired models can be assessed using neuropsychological instruments, and a rehabilitation program can be developed based on the individuals’ memory deficits. The present cross-sectional research aims to develop a new test (henceforth known as the Persian Verbal Learning Test, or PVLT) that is appropriate for Persian-speaking older adults.

Methods
For normative data, we administered PVLT to a group of 374 Persian-speaking healthy older adults consisting of both genders (190 women and 184 men) who were aged 60–89 years old. To determine reliability and validity, we evaluated neurologically healthy older adults and analyzed the results using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

Results
The present findings showed that age, education, and gender significantly affect subtests of the PVLT. In the evaluation of reliability, significant positive correlations were observed between the variables of the PVLT in the standard/standard form. Furthermore, moderate correlations were observed between PVLT variables (immediate recall, short-delay recall, long-delay recall, and recognition), and the Immediate and Delayed Logical Memory subtests of Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R). However, subtests of the PVLT also showed significantly positive correlations with MoCA and non-verbal variables of WMS-R.

Conclusion
According to the results of this study and given the good psychometric properties obtained, PVLT can potentially be used as a more appropriate tool than the SVLT for Persian-speaking older adults.
Transposable elements alter gene expression and may impact response to cisplatin therapy in ovarian cancer
Authors: Mombach Daniela Moreira , Mercuri Rafael Luiz Vieira , da Fontoura Gomes Tiago Minuzzi Freire , Galante Pedro A F , Loreto Elgion Lucio Silva 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Cisplatin is widely employed for cancer treatment; therefore, understanding resistance to this drug is critical for therapeutic practice. While studies have delved into differential gene expression in the context of cisplatin resistance, findings remain somewhat scant. We performed a comprehensive investigation of transposable elements (TEs) expression and their impact in host genes in two cisplatin-treated ovarian cancer cell lines. RNA-seq, ATAC-seq, and in-depth bioinformatics analysis were used to compare cisplatin-sensitive and -resistant ovarian cancer cell lines. Our results reveal that cisplatin therapy alters not only the expression of protein-coding genes, but also key TEs, including LINE1, Alu, and endogenous retroviruses, in both cisplatin-sensitive and -resistant cell lines. By co-expressing with downstream genes or by creating chimeric transcripts with host genes at their insertion sites, these TEs seem to control the expression of protein-coding genes, including tumor-related genes. Our model uncovers TEs influencing the expression of cancer genes and cancer pathways. Collectively, our findings indicate that TE alterations associated with cisplatin treatment occur in critical cancer genes and cellular pathways synergically. This research highlights the importance of considering the entire spectrum of transcribed elements in the genome, especially TE expression, for a complete understanding of complex models like cancer response to treatment.
Simultaneous Quantification of Vancomycin, Linezolid and Voriconazole in Human Plasma by UHPLC–MS/MS: Application in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
Authors: Liu Yao , Li Yanan , Chen Wenli , Ming Dandan , Luo Wenji , Liang Jiabi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective
Individual differences challenge the treatment of vancomycin, linezolid and voriconazole in severe infections. This study aimed to build a simple and economical method for simultaneous determination of the three antibiotics in human plasma by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) and provided a reference for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of infected patients.

Methods
The plasma samples were precipitated by acetonitrile and detected and separated on a shim-pack GIST C18 column following the gradient elution within 5 min. Mass quantification was performed on multiple reaction monitoring mode under positive electrospray ionization.

Results
The linear ranges of vancomycin, linezolid and voriconazole were 1.00–100.00, 0.10–15.00 and 0.10–20.00 μg·mL−1, respectively, with good linearity (R2 &gt; 0.99). The accuracy and precision, matrix effect, extraction recovery and stability were validated, and the results all meet the acceptance criteria of China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) guidelines.

Conclusion
The UHPLC–MS/MS method was established and validated for the simultaneous determination of vancomycin, linezolid and voriconazole in human plasma and successfully applied to routine TDM for individualized treatment.
Do Judges in China Follow Wrongly Decided Precedents?—An Empirical Study
Authors: Qu Charles Zhen , Li Bin , Lin Lauren Yu-Hsin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Do Chinese judges follow prior decisions fraught with judicial errors? If they do, why do they do so? The development of policies on the reform of China’s judicial system requires an answer to these questions. Unfortunately, empirical findings that may lead to an answer, especially those based on data collected from case reports, are lacking. To fill this gap, we undertook an analysis of 310 case reports on a complex issue to discover (i) the influence of two wrongly decided precedents announced by the Supreme People’s Court and (ii) the extent to which the rank of the deciding court affects the force of this influence. Our findings suggest that judges may rely on an officially designated precedent even if the latter is wrongly decided and the strength of the influence is negatively correlated with the seniority of the deciding court. Our findings are useful for isolating factors affecting judicial decision making in China, which are necessary for making decisions on the reform of judicial system in that country.
Hardware Addition Over Finite Fields Based On Booth–Karatsuba Algorithm
Authors: Perez J Ayuso 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Two algorithms, both based around multiplication, one defined by Andrew Donald Booth in 1950 and the other defined by Anatoly Alexeevitch Karatsuba in 1960 can be applied to other types of operations. We know from recent results that to perform some algebraic transformations it is more efficient to calculate an inverse effect of a smaller magnitude together with an original action with a higher rank, than the initial operation, reaching the final element with less transitions. In this paper, we present an addition algorithm on $\mathbb {Z}/m\mathbb {Z}$ of big-integer numbers based on these concepts, using an alternative to traditional hardware implementation for binary addition based on FULL-ADDER cells, allowing the reduction of space complexity compared with other techniques, such as carry-lookahead, letting us calculate a modular addition in an optimal order complexity of $\mathcal {O}(n)$ without adding more complexity due to reduction operations.
Faecal Transplantation for Ulcerative Colitis From Diet Conditioned Donors Followed by Dietary Intervention Results in Favourable Gut Microbial Profile Compared to Faecal Transplantation Alone
Authors: Leibovitzh Haim , Sarbagili Shabat Chen , Hirsch Ayal , Zittan Eran , Mentella Maria Chiara , Petito Valentina , Cohen Nathaniel Aviv , Ron Yulia , Fliss Isakov Naomi , Pfeffer Jorge , Yaakov Michal , Fanali Caterina , Turchini Laura , Masucci Luca , Quaranta Gianluca , Kolonimos Nitzan , Godneva Anastasia , Weinberger Adina , Scaldaferri Franco , Maharshak Nitsan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Several faecal microbial transplantation [FMT] approaches for ulcerative colitis [UC] have been investigated with conflicting results. We have recently published the clinical outcomes from the CRAFT UC Trial using FMT with the UC Exclusion Diet [UCED], compared with FMT alone. Here we aimed to compare the two FMT strategies in terms of microbial profile and function.

Methods
Subjects recruited to the CRAFT UC study with available pre- and post-intervention faecal samples were included. Donors received diet conditioning for 14 days based on the UCED principles. Group 1 received single FMT by colonoscopy [Day 1] and enemas [Days 2 and 14] without donors’ dietary conditioning [N = 11]. Group 2 received FMT but with donors’ dietary pre-conditioning and UCED for the patients [N = 10]. Faecal samples were assessed by DNA shotgun metagenomic sequencing.

Results
Following diet conditioning, donors showed depletion in metabolic pathways involved in biosynthesis of sulphur-containing amino acids. Only Group 2 showed significant shifts towards the donors’ microbial composition [ADONIS: R2 = 0.15, p = 0.008] and significantly increased Eubacterium_sp_AF228LB post-intervention [β-coefficient 2.66, 95% confidence interval 2.1–3.3, q &lt; 0.05] which was inversely correlated with faecal calprotectin [rho = −0.52, p = 0.035]. Moreover, pathways involved in gut inflammation and barrier function including branched chain amino acids were enriched post-intervention in Group 2 and were significantly inversely correlated with faecal calprotectin.

Conclusion
FMT from diet conditioned donors followed by the UCED led to microbial alterations associated with favourable microbial profiles which correlated with decreased faecal calprotectin. Our findings support further exploration of the additive benefit of dietary intervention for both donors and patients undergoing FMT as a potential treatment of UC.
Long-term prognostic significance of stress hyperglycemia in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Savic L , Mrdovic I , Asanin M , Krljanac G , Lasica R , Matic D , Simic D , Rajic D , Kastel B 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
None.

Background/aim
Stress hyperglycemia is defined as hyperglycemia that occurs in critically ill patients without diabetes mellitus (DM). It is associated with adverse in-hospital outcomes in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The aim of the present study is to evaluate short- and long-term prognostic impact of stress hyperglycemia in STEMI patients.

Method
We analysed 2505 consecutive STEMI patients treated with successful primary PCI (pPCI) without previous DM and without cardiogenic shock at admission. Successful pPCI was defined as post-procedural flow TIMI 3. Stress hyperglycemia was defined as plasma glucose level above 7.8mmol/L at any time during hospitalization. The follow-up period was 6 years.

Results
Stress hyperglycemia at admission was registered in 685 (27.3%) patients. Compared with patients without stress hyperglycemia, patients with stress hyperglycemia were older and presented more often with heart failure (Killip class II and III); they were more likely to have hypertension, chronic kidney disease, three vessel coronary disease (at initial angiogram) and lower predischarge left ventricular ejection fraction (EF). In-hospital, 30-day and 6-year mortality were significantly higher in patients with stress hyperglycemia vs patients without stress hyperglycemia: 7.1% vs 1.5%, 7.5% vs 1.7% and 12.5% vs 4.6% (p&lt;0.001), respectively as shown in Figure 1. In Cox regression analysis stress hyperglycemia was an independent predictor for in-hospital, 30-days and 6-year mortality- HR 2.19 (95% 1.49-3.94), p=0.018, HR 1,58(95%CI 1.15-2.85), p=0.020 and HR 1.52 (95%CI 1.32-2.17), p=0.030, respectively.

Conclusion
In STEMI patients without diabetes mellitus treated with successful primary PCI stress hyperglycemia is an independent predictor for short- and long-term mortality (up to 6-years). These findings emphasize the importance of close monitoring of blood glucose level in STEMI patients regardless of diabetic status.
Staged versus immediate complete vessel revascularization in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: David B J , Valencia A E , Tugade R E , Castro R T 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
None.

Introduction
In patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the preferred modality of reperfusion. However, these patients may also have multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD) on coronary angiography which is associated with higher risk of mortality. Current guidelines recommend complete revascularization in STEMI with multivessel CAD, however this poses a high risk for major acute cardiovascular events (MACE). Other available reperfusion strategies include staged vessel revascularization. This meta-analysis aims to determine if staged vessel revascularization can be a better mode of reperfusion strategy in patients with STEMI with multivessel CAD.

Methods
A comprehensive search of randomized controlled trials (RCT) was conducted with the use of staged versus immediate complete vessel revascularization in patients with STEMI. Outcome measures to assess the effectiveness of these techniques were all-cause mortality, MACE and target vessel revascularization. The analyses were done using random effects analysis model by mantel-haenszel statistical method via Review Manager V5.4.

Results
There were five studies included in the meta-analysis with 1,483 subjects analyzed. There was 26% less risk of all-cause mortality (RR 0.74 [95% CI: 0.41-1.31]) and 6% less risk for MACE (RR 0.94 [95% CI: 0.58-1.52]) in staged revascularization compared to immediate complete revascularization. In terms of target-vessel revascularization there was no statistical difference between the two treatment strategies (RR 1.02 [95% CI: 0.57-1.83]).

Conclusion
Staged and immediate complete vessel revascularization have similar rates of target-vessel revascularization among patients presenting with STEMI. However, staged vessel revascularization showed lower rates of all-cause mortality and MACE, which suggest that this treatment strategy may be a preferable type of revascularization in patients presenting with STEMI with multivessel CAD.
Long-term outcome after unprotected left main percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock: a landmark analysis
Authors: Yatsu S , Ogita M , Singh Y S , Onozato T , Abe K , Shitara J , Endo H , Wada H , Miyauchi K , Suwa S 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
None.

Background
Early revascularization of culprit arteries has demonstrated to improve outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock (CS), however, little is known about long-term outcome after unprotected left main (LM) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with AMI-CS.

Methods
We retrospectively investigated 2325 consecutive patients with AMI who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) in our institution from January 2004 to December 2017. The primary outcome was cardiovascular (CV) death up to 3yrs.

Results
Among the 2325 eligible patients, 272 AMI patients (11.7%) were complicated by CS on admission (AMI-CS). The mean age was 71 years, 75% of patients were male, STEMI was seen in 86%, and mechanical circulatory support was used in 61%. Of 272 AMI-CS, 35 (14.0%) patients were treated with PCI for LM and had significantly higher 30-day cardiovascular mortality (52.6%) compared with those treated with PCI for non-LM (24.8%) (p = 0.0001). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that mortality up to 3 years was significantly higher in AMI-CS patients with LM compared those with non-LM (p &lt; 0.0001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed LM was significantly associated with higher cardiovascular mortality (adjusted HR 1.90, 95%CI 1.18-3.07, p = 0.0088).

Conclusions
Primary PCI of the LM was performed in 14.0% of patients with AMI-CS. Short- and long-term CV mortality was significantly higher with LM AMI-CS than non-LM AMI-CS. Further studies should evaluate to improve both short- and long-term outcome among AMI-CS with LM.
Combining rivaroxaban with aspirin for peripheral artery disease: an in-depth systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: David B J , Valencia A E , Cheng F C 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
None.

Introduction
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) poses a significant challenge in the realm of cardiovascular medicine, necessitating a multifaceted approach to mitigate its impact and enhance patient outcomes. One treatment approach involves the combined use of rivaroxaban, a direct oral anticoagulant, and aspirin, a commonly used antiplatelet agent in decreasing possible complications that can develop in patients with PAD.

Methods
An extensive search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the efficacy of rivaroxaban in combination with aspirin versus aspirin monotherapy among individuals diagnosed with peripheral artery disease. The assessment of this treatment approach involved evaluating the following primary outcomes: a decrease in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and the need for major amputation. Safety profile was also evaluated by examining the rate of major bleeding, utilizing the scoring tool from International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (ISTH). The analyses were performed using a random effects analysis approach via Review Manager V5.4.

Results
This meta-analysis encompassed three studies involving a total of 9,352 participants. There was reduction of MACE in rivaroxaban with aspirin therapy (RR 0.83 [95% CI: 0.71-0.97] I2 = 29%, p = 0.02] but there was no significant difference in terms of major amputation rates (RR 0.96 [95% CI: 0.80-1.14] I2 = 0%, p = 0.62). However, there was increased risk of bleeding in rivaroxaban with aspirin therapy (RR 1.46 [95% CI: 1.17-1.82] I2=0, p = 0.0009) compared to aspirin alone.

Conclusion
Rivaroxaban combined with aspirin therapy demonstrated a 17% reduction in MACE compared with aspirin monotherapy but didn’t reduce major amputation rates. Also, doing this strategy poses a higher risk of bleeding. Therefore, a balance between the risks and benefits of this combined therapy necessitates a thorough assessment of individual patient profiles, considering factors such as overall cardiovascular risk, comorbidities, and bleeding tendencies. Further research and long-term studies are needed to establish comprehensive guidelines for the appropriate utilization of this combination therapy in various patient populations.
Pediatric Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: a review and insights from a national multicentric registry
Authors: Vazirani Ballesteros R , Rodriguez-Gonzalez M , Castellano-Martinez A , Andres M , Uribarri A , Corbi-Pascual M , Alfonso F , Blanco-Ponce E , Lluch-Requerey C , Fernandez-Cordon C , Almendro-Delia M , Vedia Cruz O , Nunez-Gil I 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
None.

Background
Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) in the pediatric population is an infrequent but relevant cause of morbidity and mortality, with limited studies addressing its clinical course and prognosis.

Objectives
We aimed to analyze the clinical features and prognosis of pediatric TTS in a nation-wide multicenter registry and considering the published literature.

Methods
we included a total of 54 patients from 4 different hospitals in Spain, as well as pediatric TTS patients from the published literature. Comparisons between groups were performed in order to assess for statistically and clinically relevant prognostic differences between pediatric and adult population features.

Results
Comparison between the RETAKO general population is detailed in Table 1. Pediatric patients with TTS had a median age of 11 years (IQR = 4-14).
When compared to the RETAKO general population, they were more often male (51.9% vs 23.3%, p&lt;0.001), and displayed a higher prevalence of secondary forms (90.7% vs 35.6% in adults, p&lt;0.001). Regarding race, 11 cases (20.4%) were from Asia and 42 (77.8%) were Caucasian; whereas in RETAKO 1420 (94.9%) were Caucasians, with under 5 cases (&lt;0.1%) being Asian.
Pediatric patients presented less commonly with angina (11.1% vs 64.1%, p&lt;0.001) or dyspnea (30% vs 41.7%, p&lt;0.001), compared to the general RETAKO cohort. Nevertheless, pediatric patients with TTS exhibited a higher Killip status on admission (Killip IV 74.1% vs 10.5%, p&lt;0.001), and higher needs of vasoactive and mechanical ventilatory support during hospitalization.
Regarding complementary exams, pediatric patients presented with lower LVEF on admission (30.5+10.4 vs 36.9+16.9, p = 0.014) together with greater prevalence of atypical (basal or midventricular) TTS patterns on echocardiography (30.2% vs 15.8%, p = 0.006). Additionally, there were significantly less ST-segment alterations in the pediatric population (either ST-segment elevation or depression), without differences on T wave inversion in the admission ECG.
During follow-up, all-cause deaths (11.1% vs 12,5%, p = 0.761) and TTS recurrences (3.8% vs 3,8%, p = 0.863) were similar between groups.

Conclusions
TTS in the pediatric population presents a distinctive clinical profile, with higher prevalence of atypical symptoms and physical triggers; as well as higher rates of cardiogenic shock on admission and similar mortality and recurrence rates than those of the adult population. This study provides valuable insights into understanding pediatric TTS and underscored the necessity for further research in this age group.Table 1