bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbon nanotube‐coupled cell adhesion peptides are non‐immunogenic: a promising step toward new biomedical devices
Authors: Gaillard Claire , Duval Monique , Dumortier Hélène , Bianco Alberto 
Published: September 2010

AbstractCarbon nanotubes functionalized with cell adhesion peptides can be considered as novel, promising candidates for the development of advanced drug delivery systems or for designing new generation of self‐assembling nerve ‘bridges’. An important step toward the integration of these types of conjugates in living bodies is the assessment of their impact on the immune system. In this direction, an integrin‐derived peptide has been covalently conjugated to carbon nanotubes. Following intraperitoneal administration, peptide–carbon nanotubes do not trigger an anti‐peptide antibody production. Demonstration of the immune neutrality of peptide–carbon nanotubes reinforces their potential use as substrates for neuronal regeneration in vivo. Copyright © 2010 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Iterative method based on CFD data for the assessment of seakeeping control effects, considering amplitude and rate saturation
Authors: Giron‐Sierra J. M. , Recas J. , Esteban S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAn iterative procedure for the frequency domain evaluation of control effects in nonlinear loops is introduced. The article focuses on ship seakeeping control, to attenuate ship motions. There is no model of the ship, only CFD tabulated data. The proposed procedure could be used for design or empirical tuning of a controller. The actuators have angle and rate limits. In the case of a ship, the actuators are submerged moving wings: flaps, fins and T‐foil. The control evaluation procedure uses a describing function approach. The paper considers amplitude and rate saturation in series. The results are validated with experiments using a scaled ship in a towing tank facility. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dissipative design of unknown input observers for systems with sector nonlinearities
Authors: Rocha‐Cózatl Edmundo , Moreno Jaime A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn this paper a design method for nonlinear Unknown Input Observers (UIO) for a class of nonlinear systems is proposed. This design is based on a dissipative characterization of the existence conditions for such observers made recently by the authors. The main condition corresponds to an abstract incremental dissipativity property of the plant, which can be made computable by the use of LMI techniques for the considered class of systems. This leads to a constructive design method for nonlinear UIOs. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cluster‐based modularization of processes recovered from web applications
Authors: Di Francescomarino Chiara , Marchetto Alessandro , Tonella Paolo 
Published: September 2010

SUMMARYWeb applications are often used to expose business processes implemented as software systems. This paper describes a technique for recovering business processes based on a dynamic analysis of the applications behavior. The technique described here does not require any access to internal software artifacts of the application, such as source code or documentation. An initial process is inferred to by means of the analysis of execution traces, in which the execution of GUI elements such as forms and links is recorded. The recovered process is then abstracted by clustering its elements according to four different criteria: structural, page‐based, dependency‐based and semantical. A case study has been conducted with the aim of evaluating understandability and readability of the reverse engineered processes as well as the clustering techniques used in refining them. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Computational models of analogy
Authors: Gentner Dedre , Forbus Kenneth D. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAnalogical mapping is a core process in human cognition. A number of valuable computational models of analogy have been created, capturing aspects of how people compare representations, retrieve potential analogs from memory, and learn from the results. In the past 25 years, this area has progressed rapidly, fueled by strong collaboration between psychologists and Artificial Intelligence (AI) scientists, with contributions from linguists and philosophers as well. There is now considerable consensus regarding the constraints governing the mapping process. However, computational models still differ in their focus, with some aimed at capturing the range of analogical phenomena at the cognitive level and others aimed at modeling how analogical processes might be implemented in neural systems. Some recent work has focused on modeling interactions between analogy and other processes, and on modeling analogy as a part of larger cognitive systems. WIREs Cogni Sci 2011 2 266–276 DOI: 10.1002/wcs.105This article is categorized under:

Computer Science > Artificial Intelligence
Psychology > Reasoning and Decision Making
Ab‐initio Structure Determination of the New Ion Conductor K2Al2O3F2 from Powder Diffraction Data
Authors: Kubel Frank , Fleig Jürgen , Pantazi Mariana , Januschewsky Judith 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe crystal structure of K2Al2O3F2, prepared at 800 °C by ceramic methods, was determined from conventional laboratory X‐ray powder diffraction data. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/m (No. 12) with a = 11.21675(8), b = 8.16351(6), c = 6.12301(5) Å β = 88.8108(6) ° and Z = 4. Unit cell and space group suggestions were found by using the TOPAS program. Starting positional parameters for potassium and aluminum atoms were obtained from 548 reflections by the methods implemented in the FOX program. Oxygen and fluorine atom positions were determined by structural considerations. The structure was refined using the fundamental parameter approach of TOPAS, which gave the final residuals (%) RBragg = 1.6 and Rwp = 4.6. The crystal structure consists of individual layers of oxygen connected AlO3F tetrahedral groups with the fluorine atoms separating the layers. Empirical energy calculations agree with the crystal structure refinements and suggest no or little oxygen–fluorine exchange. Between and perpendicular to the sheets, the potassium ion can move without steric hindrance. Conductivity measurements from room temperature to 300 °C show decent potassium ion conductivity.
Human Rights Enforcement by People Living in Poverty: Access to Justice in Nigeria
Authors: Brems Eva , Adekoya Charles Olufemi 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis article analyses the challenges facing those living in poverty in Nigeria in accessing justice for the enforcement of their rights, despite those rights being constitutionally protected and despite the existence of a specific procedure for their enforcement. People living in poverty are generally most likely to see their human rights violated, and least likely to enforce their rights. The article posits that the judiciary in developing countries has a crucial role to play in fighting human rights violations specifically affecting people living in poverty, and notes the great challenge for the Nigerian legislator and judiciary towards making justice accessible in practical terms to the needy in Nigeria. The example of public interest litigation in India can serve as a source of inspiration in this respect.
The structural basis of function in Cys-loop receptors
Authors: Thompson Andrew J. , Lester Henry A. , Lummis Sarah C. R. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractCys-loop receptors are membrane-spanning neurotransmitter-gated ion channels that are responsible for fast excitatory and inhibitory transmission in the peripheral and central nervous systems. The best studied members of the Cys-loop family are nACh, 5-HT3, GABAAand glycine receptors. All these receptors share a common structure of five subunits, pseudo-symmetrically arranged to form a rosette with a central ion-conducting pore. Some are cation selective (e.g. nACh and 5-HT3) and some are anion selective (e.g. GABAAand glycine). Each receptor has an extracellular domain (ECD) that contains the ligand-binding sites, a transmembrane domain (TMD) that allows ions to pass across the membrane, and an intracellular domain (ICD) that plays a role in channel conductance and receptor modulation. Cys-loop receptors are the targets for many currently used clinically relevant drugs (e.g. benzodiazepines and anaesthetics). Understanding the molecular mechanisms of these receptors could therefore provide the catalyst for further development in this field, as well as promoting the development of experimental techniques for other areas of neuroscience.In this review, we present our current understanding of Cys-loop receptor structure and function. The ECD has been extensively studied. Research in this area has been stimulated in recent years by the publication of high-resolution structures of nACh receptors and related proteins, which have permitted the creation of many Cys loop receptor homology models of this region. Here, using the 5-HT3receptor as a typical member of the family, we describe how homology modelling and ligand docking can provide useful but not definitive information about ligand interactions. We briefly consider some of the many Cys-loop receptors modulators. We discuss the current understanding of the structure of the TMD, and how this links to the ECD to allow channel gating, and consider the roles of the ICD, whose structure is poorly understood. We also describe some of the current methods that are beginning to reveal the differences between different receptor states, and may ultimately show structural details of transitions between them.
Stroke thrombolysis in the very elderly
Authors: McGreevy Cora , Moore Alan , Donegan Ciaran , Williams David JP 
Published: September 2010

SummaryAcute ischaemic stroke is common in older people and is associated with a higher morbidity and mortality compared with younger patients. Intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) has become the mainstay of treatment and is the only evidence-based specific treatment for acute ischaemic stroke. However, little data are available on the safety of thrombolysis in the over-80 years age group due to under-representation of this group in trials and the upper age limit for licensing of the drug. In this review, we look at the pathophysiology of stroke and recent advances in neuroimaging techniques. We also look at the evidence base for use of thrombolysis in stroke and in particular analyse the trials that include the very elderly as subjects. Finally, issues around ongoing trials and future research are discussed.
Hispanic consumers' perceptions toward locally grown ethnic produce: A study from the east-coast US
Authors: Govindasamy Ramu , Puduri Venkata S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to predict Hispanic consumer's willingness to buy ethnic produce grown on local farms. Specifically, this result analyzes and compares the effects of Hispanic consumers' socio-economic characteristics and their expressed value judgments on their willingness to buy locally grown ethnic fruits and vegetables. The survey instrument asked respondents whether they were willing to buy ethnic produce grown on local farms, and based on this, an ordered probit model was developed to predict the willingness to buy ethnic produce grown on local farms. The model has significant explanatory power with 80% overall model prediction success. According to the survey results, overall, 80% of the Hispanic respondents were willing to buy locally grown ethnic produce, 13% of them were indifferent and only 7% of them were less willing to buy. The high positive percentage indicates the intensity of consumers' interest toward willing to buy locally grown produce. The study results indicated that growing demand for Hispanic ethnic produce provides a potential opportunity for farmers in the region.
ATTACHMENT TO EUROPE AMONG SCHOOL LEADERS IN BERLIN AND LONDON
Authors: Pöllmann Andreas 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACT
Comparisons of public opinion in England and Germany consistently show higher levels of attachment to Europe and support for European integration in Germany. The respective cross-national differences are empirically well-documented, can be framed in plausible macro-contextual explanations, and are – on the descriptive level – confirmed in the present survey of Berlin and London state secondary school head teachers. However, in view of such conclusive evidence, it is easy to overlook cross-national convergences pertaining to people's individual experiences and perceptions. This article offers an alternative view on empirically well-documented and theoretically plausible cross-national differences in levels of attachment to Europe, with a particular interest in the field of formal education. Drawing on a series of multivariate statistical analyses, it demonstrates that – in Berlin as well as in London – levels of attachment to Europe largely depend on the head teachers' intercultural experiences and skills as well as their notions of Europe as object of attachment. The respective findings lend support to educational programmes and initiatives that promote intercultural experiences and skills as means towards further European integration.
First Report of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 5 in Spain
Authors: Padilla C. V. , Cretazzo E. , Hita I. , López N. , Padilla V. , Velasco L. 
Published: September 2010

Grapevine leafroll-associated viruses (GLRaVs) cause significant reductions in yield and quality in the wine industry worldwide. At least nine different GLRaVs have been found in different regions of the world. In the process of virus indexing of candidate grapevine clones for certification, which includes grafting of scions onto rootstocks, we observed strong leafroll symptoms 1 year after grafting with one vine of cv. Estaladina in Castilla y León, Spain and one vine of cv. Tempranillo in La Rioja, Spain, collected in 2008 and 2007, respectively. Both vines tested positive by real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR with TaqMan probes specific for Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 5 and double-antibody sandwich (DAS)-ELISA with a mix of monoclonal antibodies that recognizes GLRaV-4, 5, 6, 7, and 9 (Bioreba, Reinach, Switzerland). RNA extracts of both GLRaV-5 positive vines were analyzed by conventional RT-PCR with a pair of consensus degenerated primers derived from GLRaV-5 hsp70 sequences available in GenBank: LR5HYF (5′-TGGGATGAAYAARTTCAATGC-3′) and LR5HYR (5′-TGAAATTCCTCATRTARGAGC-3′) that amplified a 250-bp fragment. Amplicons were cloned and the comparison of the amino acid sequences (Estaladina isolate, Est110: Accession No. HM208622; Tempranillo isolate, Tem020: Accession No. HM208618) showed in the case of the Est110 isolate, 100 and 82.6% identity, respectively, with the homologous genes of one GLRaV-5 isolate from the United States (AF233934 [3]) and Argentina (EU815935 [2]). For isolate Tem020, the hsp70 gene showed 97.1 and 81.2% amino acid identity with the homologous hsp70 genes of the United States and Argentina isolates. The coat protein (cp) genes of both isolates were also amplified and cloned using the specific GLRaV-5 primers, LR53413 (5′-CGTGATACAAGGTAGGACAACCGT-3′) and LR53843 (5′-CTTGCACTATCGCTGCCGTGAAT-3′), designed according to the sequence of AF233934. Fragments were of the expected size (430 bp) and the nucleotide sequences were obtained (Est110: Accession No. HM363522; Tem020: Accession No. HM363523) and used for pairwise nucleotide comparisons. The Est110 isolate showed 96.7 and 97.5% amino acid identity with the isolates from the United States and Argentina, respectively, while the Tem020 isolate showed 94.8 and 95.6% identity, respectively. Amino acid identity of Est110 and Tem020 cp genes was 100% when compared with the homologous genes of isolates AF233934 and EU815935. To our knowledge this is the first report of GRLaV-5 in Spain. Since 2008, we have detected eight additional vines positive for this virus in 200 clones analyzed for certification, suggesting that the incidence of GLRaV-5 in Spain could be widespread. This research indicates that virus indexing for GLRaV should be included in certification schemes for grapevine candidate clones (1) in Spain. References: (1) Anonymous. OEPP/EPPO Bull. 38:422, 2008. (2) S. Gomez Talquenca et al. Virus Genes 38:184, 2009. (3) F. Osman et al. J. Virol. Methods 141:22, 2007.
FREIGHT, GATEWAYS AND MEGA‐URBAN REGIONS: THE LOGISTICAL INTEGRATION OF THE BOSTWASH CORRIDOR1
Authors: Rodrigue Jean‐Paul 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTThe geography of freight transportation evolves at various scales, but it is increasingly acknowledged that freight flows occurring at the local level are a result of global and regional economic processes. Internationally, distribution networks have expanded, namely through the division of production, manufacturing and consumption. This has been accompanied by a growth of the quantity of freight being shipped as well as by a complication of supply and distribution chains. Most of the geography of freight at this scale is derived from strategic considerations where issues such as production and subcontracting planning and the choice of hubs and routes are considered for implementing global supply chains. Locally, many activities concerned with freight distribution have been modified with new transport terminals and distribution centres in response to growing consumption as well as from the imperatives of fragmented supply chains. From their traditional location around central areas with prevalent port and rail linkages, transport terminals and distribution centres have shifted to peripheral locations where road and airport linkages are more prevalent. The geography of freight at this scale is mainly derived from operational considerations aimed at servicing the requirements of local distribution with well‐known strategies such as just‐in‐time and door‐to‐door. This paper is concerned about the intermediate, or regional, scale of freight transportation with a specific emphasis on one of the largest urban region in the world; the Boston–Washington corridor (Bostwash). Transport corridors and urban regions represent the geographical scale of freight distribution where global and local distribution systems interact. They are the dominant spheres of production and consumption of freight distribution. Conceptual and empirical evidence to analyse the relationships between the geography of transport terminals, regional freight distribution and urban corridors is provided.
Hypertrichosis lanuginosa acquisita associated with autoimmune hepatitis
Authors: ROH Mi Ryung , CHUNG Hye‐Jin , CHO Young‐Hun , CHUNG Kee Yang 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTHypertrichosis lanuginosa acquisita (HLA) is an unusual condition which is characterized by subtle and progressive development of multiple, long, thin, unmedullated hairs (“lanugo hairs”) distributed preferentially on the face. Most cases are associated with malignant tumors1 or non‐malignant condition such as porphyria cutanea tarda, AIDS, anorexia nervosa, thyrotoxicosis, or secondary to topical or systemic drugs (e.g. cyclosporine, phenytoin, diazoxide, minoxidil).2 We have recently experienced a rare case of hypertrichosis lanuginosa acquisita associated with autoimmune hepatitis. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of hypertrichosis lanuginosa acquisita associated with autoimmune hepatitis. Our observation expands the spectrum of diseases associated with this uncommon disorder.
Association of psoriasis‐like eruption and Kawasaki disease
Authors: MENNI Silvano , GUALANDRI Lorenzo , BOCCARDI Daniela , AGOSTONI Carlo , SALA Marco , RIVA Enrica 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTWe report a case of a 3‐month‐old female baby showing clinical and hematological signs compatible with Kawasaki disease. A few days after the beginning of the specific therapy, the young patient developed asymptomatic erythematous plaques appearing on the trunk. The histology disclosed a psoriasic pattern. To the best of our knowledge, we describe the youngest baby in the published work developing a psoriasis during the course of Kawasaki disease.
Prospective study of clinical symptoms and skin test reactions in medical students exposed to formaldehyde gas
Authors: TAKAHASHI Sachiko , TSUJI Kazuhide , FUJII Kazuyasu , OKAZAKI Fusako , TAKIGAWA Tomoko , OHTSUKA Aiji , IWATSUKI Keiji 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTPrevious investigators have reported the occurrence of both allergic and non‐allergic systemic complications due to exposure to formaldehyde gas. However, little is known about the pathogenic link between formaldehyde‐induced clinical symptoms and patch test results, or about the long‐term effects of formaldehyde exposure. In the present study, a questionnaire was administered to 143 medical students, and 60 of them were tested by patch test for formaldehyde at the beginning and end of a human anatomy laboratory course. Another group of 76 students who had finished the course 2–4 years previously were administered another questionnaire, and the patch test was carried out on 58 of them. The frequencies of skin irritation, eye soreness, lacrimation, eye fatigue, rhinorrhea, throat irritation, general fatigue and mood swings increased after repeated exposure. Two (3.3%) of 60 students became positive to 1% formaldehyde at the end of the anatomy course (one male with allergic hand dermatitis due to direct contact with formaldehyde, and one female with an atopic background with unbearable physical symptoms) while the remaining 58 showed a negative reaction throughout the study period. The vast majority of students complained of various non‐allergic, physical symptoms, and recovered from such symptoms without subsequent complications. No progression to multiple chemical sensitivity was found. Students with an episode of atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis were susceptible to formaldehyde exposure, and developed mucocutaneous symptoms, probably due to the impaired barrier function and remodeling of the skin and mucosa.
Neonatal and infantile erythroderma: A clinical and follow‐up study of 42 cases
Authors: AL‐DHALIMI Muhsin A. A. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTErythroderma in neonates and infants is a frequently encountered problem in the daily practice of pediatric dermatology. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of various causes of this clinical entity, as well as which clinical and laboratory findings are useful in the differentiation of these causes, and to assess the evolution of this disease in this age group. Forty‐two patients with erythroderma under 1 year of age were included in this study. A follow‐up period of 3–5 years was completed. The study was performed in the Department of Dermatology, Al‐Sadr and Alhakeem teaching hospitals and a private section in Najaf governorate, Iraq during the period 1998–2006. The diagnosis was made at an average of 3 months after the onset of the disease. The underlying causes included seborrheic dermatitis in 21.4%, atopic dermatitis in 14.3%, different types of Ichthyoses in 31.5%, psoriasis in 4.7%, pityriasis rubra pilaris in 2.4%, Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome in 7.14%, Netherton syndrome in 4.7%, immune deficiency syndromes in 4.8% and undetermined erythroderma in 9.5% of the patients. Of 29 cases, histopathological examination of skin biopsy showed non‐specific features in 58.7% and could confirm the diagnosis in 41.3% cases. The prognosis was poor with a mortality rate of 26.2% and severe dermatoses persisted in 60% of the survivors. It is difficult to make the etiological diagnosis of neonatal erythroderma from the first examination. Associated immune deficiency should be suspected if the condition associated with skin indurations, severe alopecia, failure to thrive and/or have infectious complications. The prognosis is poor especially in those with immune deficiency or a chronic persistent course.