bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review of deep eutectic solvents (DESs), Preparation, Classification, Physicochemical properties, Advantages and disadvantages
Authors: Affat Sajda 
Published: June 2024

Since deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are readily available, inexpensive, highly biodegradable, and easy to synthesize, they are gaining popularity as a green alternative to hazardous organic solvents and traditional ionic liquids (ILs). DES is a mixture of hydrogen bond donor (HBD) and acceptor (HBA) that is viscous and non-water soluble. There are two main penalty areas of DES fabrication. The first is to reduce its operation temperature to lower that of these components. The second is to produce a molten salt with a melting point lower than its components. Therefore, DESs are being utilized more and more in a range of analytical chemical applications. Different extraction techniques have been used for this kind of salt. In this review, production methods, and classification of DESs were discussed. The most physical properties of DESs were demonstrated, including melting point, viscosity, density, surface tension, phase changes in behavior, analyte solubility, instrumental compatibility, and toxicity. It also included the main advantages and disadvantages of DES production.
Improving Our Relationship With Indigenous Communities in Relation to the Environment
Authors: Chander Justin 
Published: June 2024

<p>This purpose of this paper is to flesh out twelve case studies under the guidance of the Marc G. Stevenson paper, "The Possibility of Difference: Rethinking Co-Management" on Ontario utilizing nine conclusions turned into topics. In it, Stevenson describes successes and failures in working with many different Indigenous communities in relation to the environment and the management of them. Overall, it shows, specifically in Ontario, a number of areas where there can be significant improvement and addressing of systemic problems, as well as progress made on present relationships, and what specifically is working in them. The intent of this paper is to further contribute to a better understanding of what may be done to improve existing relationships with Indigenous communities, and practices surrounding the environment. It will hopefully aid in future work on such topics, as an ongoing effort to do better in the understanding and respect of Indigenous communities and relationship with the environment. </p>
Cigarette Smoking and its Association with Dyslipidemia among Middle-aged Population in Rajshahi District
Authors: Yasmin Farhana , Hassan Parvez , Haque Md  Jawadul 
Published: June 2024

Background & objective: Dyslipidemia is one of the major risk factors for ischemic heart disease. Many factors contribute to the development of dyslipidemia. Smoking is one of them. Smoking and dyslipidemia are claimed to interact with each other and synergistically increase the risk of heart disease. The present study is, therefore, intended to find the association between smoking and dyslipidemia in the context of the Bangladeshi population.
Methods:The present cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, Rajshahi Medical College (RMC), Rajshahi in collaboration with the Institute of Biological Science, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi over a period of five years between 2017 and 2022. A total of 230 adult (ranging from 30 to 60 years) male subjects who attended at Biochemistry Lab of RMC to have their blood tested for lipid profile were consecutively included in the study. However, individuals with the habit of chewing tobacco, ex-smokers, or those having any diseases influencing lipid profile, taking drugs (like β-blockers, thiazide, statins, fibric acid derivatives, and nicotinic acid) that may influence lipid profile, or obese persons under dietary restrictions were excluded from the study. The subjects who exhibited either serum TC: HDL ratio > 4.5 or serum Tg: HDL ratio > 3.5 or both conditions were considered as cases and the subjects who did not have either of the conditions were considered as controls in the present study.
Result: In the present study, over one-third (34.8%) of subjects had a smoking habit with the mean duration of smoking being 13.6 ± 5.0 years. Dyslipidaemia (as defined by serum TC: HDL > 4.5) was found in 33% of subjects, while the same condition, defined by serum Tg: HDL > 3.5, was found in 42.6% of the subjects. While either of the two conditions was present in 13% of subjects, both conditions were concurrently observed in 31.3% of subjects. Of the total 230 subjects, 102(44.3%) were dyslipidaemic. Smoking habit was observed to be significantly higher in the case group (54.9%) than that in the control group (18.8%). The risk of having dyslipidaemia in smokers was > 5-fold (95% CI = 2.9 – 9.5) higher than that in non-smokers (p < 0.001). However, as the duration of smoking was correlated with different lipid profiles, it was not found to be significantly correlated with any of the lipid profiles.
Conclusion: The study concluded that smokers are more likely to have dyslipidaemia than non-smokers. The risk of having dyslipidaemia in smokers is much higher than that in non-smokers. While serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and serum triglycerides are increased, serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is reduced.
Ibrahim Card Med J 2023; 13 (1&2): 26-31
The Analysis of Bandwidth Management Implementation at Christian University of Indonesia by Using the PS3500 Bluecoat Device
Authors: Lumbantoruan Rutman 
Published: June 2024

Traffic discovery is an identification process of software and traffic which passes wide area network (WAN) link. In one analyzing process, traffic discovery could identify 10 most active application in bandwidth usage, average bit use per second, and total percentage of bandwidth usage from each application. A study showed traffic network pattern and mirrored bandwidth usage pattern will change in future orderly. Network assessment report encourages traffic pattern. The key is web traffic Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), If there is an application is considered important traffic, it should become priority. Various non business applications which in network should be limited or time controlled. Recreational traffic such as facebook and youtube will make traffic of critical application slower, it should be limited, controlled, or banned
Kata Kunci : Bandwidth, Traffic, Bluecoat
THE INFLUENCE OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND CAPITAL INTENSITY TO AGGRESSIVENESS A TAX ON MINING COMPANIES THAT
Authors: Ambarita Sulastri , Pakpahan Johnson , Sidharta Juaniva 
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this research to know whether there were influence corporate social responsibility (CSR) and capital intensity of tax aggressiveness company. Independent variable used in research is disclosure of corporate social responsibility and capital intensity, while dependent variable the research is aggressiveness tax. The data used funded by primary data company to a period of five years from 2011 up to 2015. The methodology used writer is the kind of research causal, to know relations independent variable and dependent variable. The hypothesis used is H0 :Î²i = 0 (no influence between CSR and capital intensity to aggressiveness taxes). HA : Î²i â‰ 0 (Is influence between CSR and capital intensity to aggressiveness taxes). Significant level of used 0.05 if the value of the significance of smaller than 5 percent free Independent variable significant on dependent variables. This research result indicates that CSR and capital intensity simultaneously not affect significantly to aggressiveness tax .Keywords: CSR, capital intensity, aggressiveness tax.
ANALISIS RATIO LAPORAN KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN DAGANG MENGGUNAKAN ZAHIR ACCOUNTING VERSI 5.1
Authors: Ela Revita Maria Lapriska Dian , Rahmayani Fanny , Ariyati Indah 
Published: June 2024

The role of information technology is very important because the existence of information technology can facilitate operations in their business fields. One of the information that is needed by the company is financial report to find out how the company is developing. The financial statements are information used by management for the decision making of the Bekasi Amanah Telaga Harapan Cooperative having its address at Danau Duta Utara Blok D1, Harapan Baru Sub-District, North Bekasi District. Currently the Amanah Telaga Harapan Bekasi Cooperative in making financial reports for the period every month is still manua.. The computerized system is able to produce more precise and accurate information to help smooth daily work. By using the zahir accountuing application version 5.1, companies can easily and quickly obtain Financial Statements and Financial Statement Analysis that are beneficial to the company and its business management and face competition. By analyzing the financial statements the company can identify some of the company's financial strengths and weaknesses. Financial Statement Analysis is also useful as a tool for predicting / estimating assets, debt, capital, cash flow, profit sharing in the future, and predicting the bankruptcy of a company in the future. The use of this application program can be beneficial for the company, so the company can evaluate the financial position and financial performance of the company so that it can improve services to members of the cooperative, related parties, determine corrective measures so you can win the competition and make the best profit.

Keywords: Financial Statement Analysis, Trading Companies, Zahir Accounting
ANALISIS BRAND EQUITY, BRAND AWARENESS, DAN ATTITUDE TERHADAP PURCHASE INTENTION AIR MINUM DALAM KEMASAN MEREK LE MINERALE (STUDI KASUS MAHASISWA DI UNIVERSITAS KRISTEN INDONESIA)
Authors: . Meysyahdamay , Tobing Fenny BNL. Tobing 
Published: June 2024

Le Minerale is a brand of bottled mineral in Indonesia, purchased by PT. Tirta Fresindo Jaya which isa subsidiary of Mayora Indah, Engaged in the beverages sector. Brand equity, brand awareness, andattitudestowards consumersâ€™ purchase intentionof the Le Minerale brand, to students atChristian University of Indonesia, Jakarta.The research method used by author is qualitative descriptive. For data analysis techniques carried out by author is usingquality test data (validity and reliability test) Spearman Rank test, and Likert Score to prove or know the statistical test.
Keywords : brand equity, brand awareness, attitude, purchase intention, atittudes and Spearman Rank
THE INFLUENCE OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE TOWARDS FOOD SUBSTRATE MANUFACTURING COMPANY'S RETURNBEVERAGES IN THE PACKAGES ARE EXISTING AND REGISTERED IN INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE PERIOD OF 2013-2017
Authors: Sipayung Monita Herawaty , Tarigan Lukas 
Published: June 2024

He problem of the main objective of investors to invest their funds in the capital market is, among others, to get a maximum return on certain risks. Investors are interested in stocks that have positive and high returns because they will improve the welfare of investors. To attract investors, companies and improve their financial performance. Measurement of financial on thee performance can be done using financial ratios. so in this case if the financial performance of a company is good, it will automatically also affect the stock price movements in the capital market. As study To determine whether the measured financial performance is through the financial ratios of Gros Profit Margin (GPM) Earning Per Share (EPS), Debit to Equity Ratio (DER), Return on Equity (ROE), Return on Assets ( ROA) has a significant effect on stock returns. there is also a method that is used in this fixing is Addit Market Value (MVA) analysis, t test analysis and also F test is used by a sample of 8 companies through purposive sampling method. The results obtained in this study prove that the MVA analysis proves that the company's development moves simultaneously and is seen partially only Gros Profit Margin (GPM), which affects the Stock Return, but if viewed simultaneously addressing the four variables that affect significant to Stock Returns.

Keywords: Gros Profit Margin , Earning Per Share, Debit to Equity Ratio, Return on Equity, Return on Asset
THE Implementation and Analysis of Internet Networking Monitoring System with Hillstone Hardware at Indonesian Christian University
Authors: Lumbantoruan Rutman 
Published: June 2024

Computer Internet Network Monitoring is a computer system managing activity connected to many servers in an organization. This monitoring system is used to help adjusting and monitoring server network continuously. Internet connection monitoring has benefit in bandwidth usage monitoring for every user, either it is being used or not. Network monitoring is created by installing Hillston Hardware in Information System Implementation Unit. A trouble usually happened when slow loading time occurred in online registration hence error network in consequence. A result obtained after Hillstone Hardware implementation is centre of data staffs could detect network trouble and simplify its handling. Hillstone is reliable to monitor undergoing internet data services in user and network, also activates warning system to user connecting to improper internet network or bandwidth.

Keywords: Monitoring, Internet connection analysis, Hillstone, server, bandwidth
Radioprotective effect of polyvinylpyrrolidone modified selenium nanoparticles and its antioxidation mechanism in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Li Wei , Lu Xianzhou , Jiang Liangjun , Wang Xiangjiang 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivePolyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is a commonly used biomedical polymer material with good water solubility, biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and low toxicity. The aim of this study is to investigate the antioxidant mechanism and clinical potential of PVP modified selenium nanoparticles (PVP-Se NPs) as a new radioprotective agent.MethodsA laser particle size analyzer and transmission electron microscope were used to characterize PVP-Se nanoparticles prepared by chemical reduction. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used to evaluate the radiation protective effects of PVP-Se NPs. SD rats were employed as an in vivo model to identify the most effective concentration of PVP-Se NPs and assess their potential radioprotective properties. Western blot (WB) was used to detect the expression of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling proteins in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and rat liver and kidney tissues.ResultsPVP-Se NPs could reduce the oxidative stress injury and inflammatory response caused by X-ray irradiation in HUVECs and rats, and inhibit cell apoptosis by modulating NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. PVP-Se NPs could increase HUVECs viability, reduce apoptosis, inhibit inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, improve the survival rate of rats, promote antioxidant enzyme activities in cells and rats, reduce malondialdehyde concentration in serum, and reduce the expression of inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in cell supernatant and liver and kidney tissues. PVP-Se NPs could significantly reduce the phosphorylation levels of NF-κB and MAPK pathway-associated proteins in HUVECs and rat liver and kidney tissues (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionPVP-Se NPs can protect against radiation-induced oxidative damage by modulating NF-kB and MAPK pathways, providing a theoretical basis and experimental data for their use as an effective radioprotective agent.
Biomechanical analysis of the tandem spinal external fixation in a multiple-level noncontiguous lumbar fractures model: a finite element analysis
Authors: Chen Huarong , Kang Yu , Yan Yiguo , Wang Hu , Peng Wen , Liao Yijia , Zou Mingxiang , Xu Zhun , Song Xizheng , Wang Wenjun , Wang Cheng 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the biomechanical characteristics of the tandem spinal external fixation (TSEF) for treating multilevel noncontiguous spinal fracture (MNSF) using finite element analysis and provide a theoretical basis for clinical application.MethodsWe constructed two models of L2 and L4 vertebral fractures that were fixed with the TSEF and the long-segment spinal inner fixation (LSIF). The range of motion (ROM), maximum stresses at L2 and L4 vertebrae, the screws and rods, and the intervertebral discs of the two models were recorded under load control. Subsequently, the required torque, the maximum stress at L2 and L4 vertebrae, the screws and rods, and the intervertebral discs were analyzed under displacement control.ResultsUnder load control, the TSEF model reserved more ROM than the LSIF model. The maximum stresses of screws in the TSEF model were increased, while the maximum stresses of rods were reduced compared to the LSIF model. Moreover, the maximum stresses of L2 and L4 vertebrae and discs in the TSEF model were increased compared to the LSIF model. Under displacement control, the TSEF model required fewer moments (N·mm) than the LSIF model. Compared to the LSIF model, the maximum stresses of screws and rods in the TSEF model have decreased; the maximum stresses at L2 and L4 in the TSEF model were increased. In the flexion condition, the maximum stresses of discs in the TSEF model were less than the LSIF model, while the maximum stresses of discs in the TSEF model were higher in the extension condition.ConclusionCompared to LSIF, the TSEF has a better stress distribution with higher overall mobility. Theoretically, it reduces the stress concentration of the connecting rods and the stress shielding of the fractured vertebral bodies.
The association between lactate dehydrogenase to serum albumin ratio and in-hospital mortality in patients with pulmonary embolism: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV database
Authors: Hu Jingjing , Zhou Yidan 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundLactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and albumin (ALB) were found to be significantly correlated with mortality in pulmonary embolism (PE) patients. However, data regarding the LDH/ALB ratio (LAR) in patients with acute PE are scanty. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between LAR and the risk of mortality in patients with acute PE.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients with acute PE represented in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and calibration curve were used to assess the accuracy of the LAR for predicting mortality in patients with acute PE. We utilized Cox regression analysis to determine adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Survival curves were used to evaluate a connection between the LAR and prognosis in patients with acute PE.ResultsThe study comprised 581 patients, and the 30-day all-cause mortality rate was 7.7%. We observed a higher LAR in the non-survival group compared to the surviving group (21.24 ± 21.22 vs. 8.99 ± 7.86, p &lt; 0.0001). The Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that patients with an elevated LAR had a significantly lower likelihood of surviving the 30-day mortality compared to those with a low LAR. Cox regression analysis showed that LAR (HR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.03–1.05) might have associations with 30-day mortality in patients with acute PE. This result was supported by sensitivity analyses. According to the results of the ROC curve analysis, the LAR's prediction of 30-day mortality in patients with acute PE yielded an area under the ROC curve of 0.73. A calibration curve showed LAR is well calibrated.ConclusionOur research suggests LAR monitoring may be promising as a prognostic marker among patients with acute PE.
Childhood craniopharyngioma: a retrospective study of children followed in Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles
Authors: Magerman Clémentine , Boros Emese , Preziosi Marco , Lhoir Sophie , Gilis Nathalie , De Witte Olivier , Heinrichs Claudine , Salmon Isabelle , Fricx Christophe , Vermeulen Françoise , Lebrun Laetitia , Brachet Cécile , Rodesch Marine 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionCraniopharyngiomas (CPs) are benign brain tumors accounting for 5 - 11% of intracranial tumors in children. These tumors often recur and can cause severe morbidity. Postoperative radiotherapy efficiently controls and prevents progression and recurrence. Despite advancements in neurosurgery, endocrinological, visual, and neuropsychological complications are common and significantly lower the quality of life of patients.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study, including all patients younger than sixteen diagnosed with CP between July 1989 and August 2022 and followed up in Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles.ResultsNineteen children with CP were included, with median age of 7 years at first symptoms and 7.5 at diagnosis. Common symptoms at diagnosis were increased intracranial pressure (63%), visual impairment (47%), growth failure (26%), polyuria/polydipsia (16%), and weight gain (10.5%). As clinical signs at diagnosis, growth failure was observed in 11/18 patients, starting with a median lag of 1 year and 4 months before diagnosis. On ophthalmological examination, 27% of patients had papillary edema and 79% had visual impairment. When visual disturbances were found, the average preoperative volume was higher (p=0.039). Only 6/19 patients had gross total surgical resection. After the first neurosurgery, 83% experienced tumor recurrence or progression at a median time of 22 months. Eleven patients (73%) underwent postsurgical radiotherapy. At diagnosis, growth hormone deficiency (GHD) was the most frequent endocrine deficit (8/17) and one year post surgery, AVP deficiency was the most frequent deficit (14/17). Obesity was present in 13% of patients at diagnosis, and in 40% six months after surgery. There was no significant change in body mass index over time (p=0.273) after the first six months post-surgery.ConclusionCP is a challenging brain tumor that requires multimodal therapy and lifelong multidisciplinary follow-up including hormonal substitution therapy. Early recognition of symptoms is crucial for prompt surgical management. The management of long-term sequelae and morbidity are crucial parts of the clinical path of the patients. The results of this study highlight the fundamental importance of carrying out a complete assessment (ophthalmological, endocrinological, neurocognitive) at the time of diagnosis and during follow-up so that patients can benefit from the best possible care.