bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obesity is linked to disease severity in moderate to severe atopic dermatitis—Data from the prospective observational TREATgermany registry
Authors: Traidl Stephan , Hollstein Moritz M. , Kroeger Nadine , Fischer Sascha , Heratizadeh Annice , Heinrich Luise , Kind Barbara , Siegels Doreen , Abraham Susanne , Schäfer Thomas , Augustin Matthias , Harder Inken , Pinter Andreas , Schäkel Knut , Wollenberg Andreas , Ertner Konstantin , Ramaker‐Brunke Jutta , Bong Anne , Quist Sven , Gorriahn‐Maiterth Hannah , Schenck Florian , Sticherling Michael , Effendy Isaak , Schwarz Beate , Handrick Christiane , Asmussen Andrea , Weidinger Stephan , Schmitt Jochen , Werfel Thomas ,   The TREATgermany Study Group
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere are conflicting data on a potential association between obesity and atopic dermatitis (AD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between obesity and AD disease severity.MethodsPatients from the TREATgermany registry cohort were divided into three groups according to their body mass index (BMI). Due to low numbers, underweight patients (BMI <18.5 kg/m2) were excluded from the analysis. Physician‐ and patient‐reported disease severity scores as well as additional phenotypic characteristics were evaluated for association with BMI. Generalized linear mixed models and multinomial logit models, respectively, were applied to investigate the association of BMI, age, sex and current systemic AD treatment with disease severity.ResultsThis study encompassed 1416 patients, of which 234 (16.5%) were obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). Obesity was associated with lower educational background and smoking. Otherwise, obese and non‐obese AD patients had similar baseline characteristics. Increased BMI was associated with higher oSCORAD (adjusted β: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.05–1.46, p = 0.013) and Patient‐oriented eczema measure (POEM) (adjusted β: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01–1.17, p = 0.038). However, the absolute difference in the overall oSCORAD was small between obese and non‐obese AD patients (Δ oSCORAD = 2.5). Allergic comorbidity was comparable between all three groups, with the exception of asthma which was more pronounced in obese patients (p < 0.001).DiscussionIn this large and well‐characterized AD patient cohort, obesity is significantly associated with physician‐ and patient‐assessed measures of AD disease severity. However, the corresponding effect sizes were low and of questionable clinical relevance. The overall prevalence of obesity among the German AD patients was lower than in studies on other AD cohorts from different countries, which confirms previous research on the German population and suggests regional differences in the interdependence of AD and obesity prevalence.
The effect of home‐based exercise on motor and non‐motor symptoms with Parkinson's disease patients: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Gao Xianqi , Zhang Haoyang , Fu Xueying , Yang Yong , Dou Jiejie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of home‐based exercise in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients.DesignA network meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials.MethodsThis study systematically searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane library and Web of Science. The quality of the literature was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 criteria. The data were pooled using R software. Results are presented as pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsThirty studies involving 2264 PD patients were included. Meta‐analysis results showed that home‐based exercise had a small effect in relieving overall motor symptoms in PD patients (SMD: −.28, 95% Crl [−.43; −.14]), improving quality of life (SMD = .15 [.03, .26]), walking speed (SMD = .30 [.04, .56]), balance ability (SMD = .18 [.04, .33]; p < .0001) and finger dexterity (SMD = .28 [.10, .46]). Mixed exercise (Mix) had better effects on improving motor symptoms and quality of life. In addition, the results of dose analysis showed that only mixed exercise exceeding 850 METs‐min per week and more than 18 weeks can significantly alleviate the overall motor symptoms of PD patients.ConclusionHome‐based exercise was an effective form of therapy for alleviating motor symptoms. In addition, Mix appeared to be more suitable for PD patients engaging in home‐based exercise. Existing evidence suggested that significant therapeutic effects were achieved with a Mix, with a weekly exercise volume exceeding 850 METs and a duration of more than 18 weeks.Relevance to Clinical PracticeHome‐based exercise had a small effect in relieving overall motor symptoms in PD patients, improving quality of life, walking speed, balance ability and finger dexterity. In terms of exercise dosage, we recommend the exercise period is no less than 18 weeks and the dose per is no less than 850 METs‐min. No Patient or Public Contribution.
Motherhood myths and mystiques: How childless women navigate cultural beliefs about motherhood
Authors: Hummer Holly 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study identifies five common, cultural beliefs that women perceive as encouraging motherhood in the United States and examines how they impact the parenthood decision‐making and experiences of currently childless women.BackgroundResearch shows how cultural ideas about “good” motherhood impact women's lives. We know less about the role of cultural beliefs that encourage motherhood despite its well‐known hardships, nor how currently childless women navigate these beliefs.MethodThis study uses 107 interviews with American women ages 35–50 who for varied reasons have not (yet) had children. It identifies five prominent beliefs about motherhood and examines how currently childless women consider and respond to them.ResultsTwo beliefs—that motherhood provides fulfillment and that children ensure future security—functioned more as “myths” and were often rejected by interviewees. Three beliefs—that women are “wired” to want children; women are nurturing; and motherhood bestows a unique form of joy —functioned as essentialist “mystiques,” remaining unquestioned or only slightly revised by interviewees. Further, all beliefs, but particularly the “mystiques,” complicated many women's parenthood decision‐making processes and experiences of childlessness.ConclusionTo understand how the institution of motherhood impacts women who have not (yet) had children, it is crucial to account for the role of cultural beliefs that support its appeal. This study highlights the heterogeneous ways that cultural beliefs that encourage motherhood impact women's parenthood decision‐making and their experiences of childlessness. It emphasizes, in particular, the durability and universality of essentialist ideas (mystiques) about motherhood.
Body composition and associated factors among 5–7‐year‐old children with moderate acute malnutrition in Jimma town in southwest Ethiopia: A comparative cross‐sectional study
Authors: Teshome Melese Sinaga , Bekele Tamirat , Verbecque Evi , Mingels Sarah , Granitzer Marita , Abessa Teklu Gemechu , Lema Tefera Belachew , Rameckers Eugene 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAcute malnutrition affects not only the growth and development but also the body composition of children. However, its specific effects have not yet been characterized. This study aims to compare the body composition of 5–7‐year‐old children with moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) to that of their well‐nourished (WN) peers and identify associated factors. A school‐based comparative cross‐sectional study was conducted from June to July 2022 in Jimma town, southwest Ethiopia. The study participants were selected from eight kindergartens and eight primary schools using a simple random sampling technique based on the proportional allocation of the sample to the size of the population in the respective school. Descriptive statistics and multivariable linear regression analyses were used to assess the mean differences and associations between variables and isolate independent predictors of body composition, respectively. The statistical significance was determined using ß‐coefficients with 95% confidence intervals and a p value of ≤ 0.05. Data were captured from 388 (194 MAM and 194 WN) children with a response rate of 97.9%. The mean fat‐free mass of WN children was significantly higher compared with those with MAM (p < 0.001). The mean (SD) of fat mass of MAM children was 4.23 ± 0.72 kg, 4.36 ± 0.88 kg and 4.08 ± 0.89 kg for 5, 6 and 7‐year‐olds, respectively. For WN children, the mean (SD) of fat mass was 4.92 ± 0.88 kg for 5 years old, 5.64 ± 1.01 kg for 6 years old and 5.75 ± 1.26 kg for 7 years old (p < 0.001). On the multivariable linear regression analysis after controlling for background variables, WN children exhibited 1.51 times higher fat‐free mass compared with MAM children (β = 1.51, p = 0.003). A unit increase in age of the study participants was associated with a 1.37 increment in fat‐free mass (β = 1.37, p  < 0.001). WN children had 1.07 times higher fat mass compared with children with MAM (β = 1.07, p < 0.001). A unit increase in the age of the child resulted in 0.15 times increment in fat mass (β = 0.15, p = 0.020), and being female was associated with a 0.37 increase in fat mass (β = 0.37, p < 0.001). The results showed that the mean fat mass and fat‐free mass were significantly lower among moderately acute malnourished children than in WN children showing the loss of both body compartments due to malnutrition. The body mass index for age, age of the child and sex of the child were significantly linked to both fat‐free mass and fat mass.
Impacts of mandibular setback with or without maxillary advancement for class III skeletal correction on sleep‐related respiratory parameters: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Honglertnapakul Yanasinee , Peanchitlertkajorn Supakit , Likitkulthanaporn Ard , Saengfai Nuntinee Nanthavanich , Chaweewannakorn Chaiyapol , Boonpratham Supatchai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA systematic review and meta‐analysis was conducted to evaluate the impacts of mandibular setback with or without maxillary advancement for class III skeletal correction on respiratory parameters measured by polysomnography (PSG) and to compare these respiratory parameters between these procedures for class III skeletal correction. Six electronic databases were searched up to June 2023. Studies comparing PSG parameters before and after orthognathic surgery for skeletal class III patients were selected for further analysis. The outcomes of interest were apnoea–hypopnea index (AHI), respiratory disturbance index (RDI), the lowest oxygen saturation (lowest SpO2), the average oxygen saturation (mean SpO2), and the 3% oxygen desaturation index (3% ODI). Data extraction, methodological quality assessment, risk of bias assessment, meta‐analysis, and subgroup analysis were performed. Sixteen studies with a total of 476 patients who underwent orthognathic surgery for class III skeletal correction were included for meta‐analysis. The risk of bias level was moderate for most studies. All PSG parameters before and after orthognathic surgery were not significantly different. The different surgical procedures also did not significantly affect post‐operative PSG parameters. 5.8% of patients developed post‐operative obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Most of them underwent a large distance of mandibular setback. There is a moderate level of evidence that mandibular setback with or without maxillary advancement for class III skeletal correction does not pre‐dispose young and healthy patients to obstructive sleep apnoea when evaluated in the short term after surgery. However, post‐operatively developed OSA was found in several isolated cases that underwent a large amount of mandibular setback with or without maxillary advancement.
Unraveling Key m6A Modification Regulators Signatures in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis through Bioinformatics and Experimental Verification
Authors: Feng Zhi‐wei , Xiao He‐fang , Wang Xing‐wen , Niu Yong‐kang , Zhao Da‐cheng , Tian Cong , Wang Sheng‐hong , Peng Bo , Yang Fei , Geng Bin , Guo Ming‐gang , Sheng Xiao‐yun , Xia Ya‐yi 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveBone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) show significant potential for osteogenic differentiation. However, the underlying mechanisms of osteogenic capability in osteoporosis‐derived BMSCs (OP‐BMSCs) remain unclear. This study aims to explore the impact of YTHDF3 (YTH N6‐methyladenosine RNA binding protein 3) on the osteogenic traits of OP‐BMSCs and identify potential therapeutic targets to boost their bone formation ability.MethodsWe examined microarray datasets (GSE35956 and GSE35958) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) to identify potential m6A regulators in osteoporosis (OP). Employing differential, protein interaction, and machine learning analyses, we pinpointed critical hub genes linked to OP. We further probed the relationship between these genes and OP using single‐cell analysis, immune infiltration assessment, and Mendelian randomization. Our in vivo and in vitro experiments validated the expression and functionality of the key hub gene.ResultsDifferential analysis revealed seven key hub genes related to OP, with YTHDF3 as a central player, supported by protein interaction analysis and machine learning methodologies. Subsequent single‐cell, immune infiltration, and Mendelian randomization studies consistently validated YTHDF3's significant link to osteoporosis. YTHDF3 levels are significantly reduced in femoral head tissue from postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) patients and femoral bone tissue from PMOP mice. Additionally, silencing YTHDF3 in OP‐BMSCs substantially impedes their proliferation and differentiation.ConclusionYTHDF3 may be implicated in the pathogenesis of OP by regulating the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of OP‐BMSCs.
Paradox lost: wide gape in the Ordovician brachiopod Rafinesquina explains how unattached filter‐feeding strophomenoids thrived on muddy substrates
Authors: Dattilo Benjamin F. , Freeman Rebecca L. , Hartshorn Kyle , Peterman David , Morse Aaron , Meyer David L. , Dougan Lindsay G. , Hagadorn James W. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractStrophomenoid brachiopods had thin, concavo‐convex shells, were ubiquitous colonizers of Palaeozoic muddy seafloors, and are hypothesized to have filter‐fed in a concave‐upward orientation. This orientation would elevate their line of commissure out of potentially lethal lophophore‐clogging mud. The paradox is that epibiont distributions on strophomenoids support a convex‐upward life position, as do studies of strophomenoid stability and trace fossils formed by strophomenoid sediment‐clearing. A premise of the concave‐upward orientation hypothesis is a narrow gape, which causes narrow, high velocity inhalant currents, leaving strophomenoids vulnerable to sediment entrainment. Herein we investigate the gape angle of Rafinesquina using serial thin sections and peels, silicified specimens, computer modelling, SEM analysis, x‐ray microCT, and 3D printing. Hinge line structure suggests that, conservatively, Rafinesquina could gape 40–45°. Such a gape occurred when diductor muscle contraction could not cause any further rotation, hinge teeth and crenulations were disengaged, and interareas interlocked. In contrast, when closed, hinge teeth were locked in hinge sockets. This wide gape eliminates constraints on feeding orientation. In either convex‐up or concave‐up orientation, Rafinesquina could feed with slow, diffuse inhalant currents incapable of disturbing sediment, and could snap valves shut to forcefully expel enough water to clear sediment from the mantle cavity, explaining previously described moat‐shaped trace fossils associated with shells. Our findings demonstrate that Rafinesquina gaped at an angle approximately equal to the angle between the two interareas when the valves are closed. Our analyses hint that other strophomenoids with similar interarea angles also lived with their shells widely agape.
Improved corneal clarity following lamellar keratectomy for corneal lipidosis in a canine with ocular manifestations of hypothyroidism
Authors: Schenk Alex P. , Gaerig Annora Sheehan , Reilly Christopher M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo report the corneal clarity outcome following lamellar keratectomy of arcus lipoides corneae secondary to canine hypothyroidism and report a unique retinal manifestation of systemic disease.Animal StudiedFour‐year‐old spayed female Sheepdog‐Poodle canine.ProcedureLamellar keratectomy OD.ResultsBilateral severe arcus lipoides corneae was noted in the initial presentation. Bilateral, symmetric, and multifocal bullous retinal detachments were observed at subsequent visits. Biochemical testing revealed hyperlipidemia presumed to be associated with primary acquired thyroiditis. Corneal clarity and visual behaviors were significantly improved following unilateral lamellar keratectomy with no evidence of recurrence within the year following surgery. Bilateral retinal detachments and hyperlipidemia resolved months after initiation of thyroxine supplementation. Corneal lipidosis in the untreated eye remained static.ConclusionsLamellar keratectomy is a viable surgical option for the treatment of arcus lipoides corneae. Hypothyroidism should be considered a differential diagnosis for spontaneous, bilateral, multifocal, and serous retinal detachments.
Value Creation in a Coach Developer Social Learning Space: Stories of Openness and Making a Difference
Authors: Vinson Don , Bradshaw Andrew , Cale Andrew 
Published: April 2024

Previous studies concerning coach developer learning have demonstrated notable deficiencies in the provision offered to practitioners, commonly reporting what they experienced was prescriptive instruction on how to deliver coach education courses—a practice starkly in contrast to the espoused theoretical underpinnings of the courses themselves. This Participatory and Appreciative Action and Reflection investigation aimed to better understand the value created for, and through, 10 participants recruited to a 9-month coach developer professional development program that was designed not to prescribe, but to guide, their learning. Data were collected through individual and group interviews, field notes, and professional discussions. Additionally, this study aimed to investigate the extent to which the identification of short and long value flows could provide insight into coach developer learning. Two main themes were constructed, namely (a) openness to finding new ways of developing others and (b) making a difference. Embracing the concepts of value creation, as well as short and long value flows, illuminated the importance of consideringcoach developers’ predispositions, nonprescribed guidance by program facilitators, and the power of value creation stories. These findings illustrate how value creation concepts can potentially help to understand coach developer learning.
Factors Affecting Women Sports Officials’ Intention to Leave Across Europe
Authors: Wicker Pamela , Cunningham George B. , Webb Tom 
Published: April 2024

This study examines the factors affecting women officials’ intention to leave their chosen sport, including personal, work-related, and sociocultural factors. The empirical analysis is based on survey data of women officials in 69 different sports across Europe (n = 3,214). Overall, 10.7% of women expressed a turnover intention. Regression analyses indicate that this intention is higher for women who have more officiating experience (16–20 years), officiate at lower levels of sport (grassroots, junior), frequently experience abuse, and dislike the stress and time commitments of officiating, lack of support from the federation, and their lack of opportunity to progress. Younger women (≤24 years) with a mentor, who enjoy being part of a sport community and live in a more gender equal society are less likely to leave. The findings suggest that multiple factors are at work, which need to be addressed by sport managers to retain women in officiating roles.
Novel
Ralstonia
species from human infections: improved matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based identification and analysis of antimicrobial resistance patterns
Authors: Steyaert Stephanie , Peeters Charlotte , Wieme Anneleen D. , Muyldermans Astrid , Vandoorslaer Kristof , Spilker Theodore , Wybo Ingrid , Piérard Denis , LiPuma John J. , Vandamme Peter 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

A collection of 161
Ralstonia
isolates, including 90 isolates from persons with cystic fibrosis, 27 isolates from other human clinical samples, 8 isolates from the hospital environment, 7 isolates from industrial samples, and 19 environmental isolates, was subjected to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) identification and yielded confident species level identification scores for only 62 (39%) of the isolates, including four that proved misidentified subsequently. Whole-genome sequence analysis of 32 representative isolates for which no confident MALDI-TOF MS species level identification was obtained revealed the presence of seven novel
Ralstonia
species, including three and four that were isolated from cystic fibrosis or other human clinical samples, respectively, and provided the basis for updating an
in-house
MALDI-TOF MS database. A reanalysis of all mass spectra with the updated MALDI-TOF MS database increased the percentage of isolates with confident species level identification up to 77%. The antimicrobial susceptibility of 30 isolates mainly representing novel human clinical and environmental
Ralstonia
species was tested toward 17 antimicrobial agents and demonstrated that the novel
Ralstonia
species were generally multi-resistant, yet susceptible to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and tigecycline. An analysis of genomic antimicrobial resistance genes in 32 novel and publicly available genome sequences revealed broadly distributed beta-lactam resistance determinants.

IMPORTANCE

The present study demonstrated that a commercial matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry identification database can be tailored to improve the identification of
Ralstonia
species. It also revealed the presence of seven novel
Ralstonia
species, including three and four that were isolated from cystic fibrosis or other human clinical samples, respectively. An analysis of minimum inhibitory concentration values demonstrated that the novel
Ralstonia
species were generally multi-resistant but susceptible to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and tigecycline.