bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immediate and long-term electrophysiological biomarkers of antidepressant-like behavioral effects after subanesthetic ketamine and medial prefrontal cortex deep brain stimulation treatment
Authors: Bergosh Matthew , Medvidovic Sasha , Zepeda Nancy , Crown Lindsey , Ipe Jennifer , Debattista Lauren , Romero Luis , Amjadi Eimon , Lam Tian , Hakopian Erik , Choi Wooseong , Wu Kevin , Lo Jack Yu Tung , Lee Darrin Jason 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionBoth ketamine (KET) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) deep brain stimulation (DBS) are emerging therapies for treatment-resistant depression, yet our understanding of their electrophysiological mechanisms and biomarkers is incomplete. This study investigates aperiodic and periodic spectral parameters, and the signal complexity measure sample entropy, within mPFC local field potentials (LFP) in a chronic corticosterone (CORT) depression model after ketamine and/or mPFC DBS.MethodsMale rats were intraperitoneally administered CORT or vehicle for 21 days. Over the last 7 days, animals receiving CORT were treated with mPFC DBS, KET, both, or neither; then tested across an array of behavioral tasks for 9 days.ResultsWe found that the depression-like behavioral and weight effects of CORT correlated with a decrease in aperiodic-adjusted theta power (5–10 Hz) and an increase in sample entropy during the administration phase, and an increase in theta peak frequency and a decrease in the aperiodic exponent once the depression-like phenotype had been induced. The remission-like behavioral effects of ketamine alone correlated with a post-treatment increase in the offset and exponent, and decrease in sample entropy, both immediately and up to eight days post-treatment. The remission-like behavioral effects of mPFC DBS alone correlated with an immediate decrease in sample entropy, an immediate and sustained increase in low gamma (20–50 Hz) peak width and aperiodic offset, and sustained improvements in cognitive function. Failure to fully induce remission-like behavior in the combinatorial treatment group correlated with a failure to suppress an increase in sample entropy immediately after treatment.ConclusionOur findings therefore support the potential of periodic theta parameters as biomarkers of depression-severity; and periodic low gamma parameters and cognitive measures as biomarkers of mPFC DBS treatment efficacy. They also support sample entropy and the aperiodic spectral parameters as potential cross-modal biomarkers of depression severity and the therapeutic efficacy of mPFC DBS and/or ketamine. Study of these biomarkers is important as objective measures of disease severity and predictive measures of therapeutic efficacy can be used to personalize care and promote the translatability of research across studies, modalities, and species.
Evaluation of acetic acid treatment of fresh–cut water chestnuts using gray–correlation analysis based on the variation–coefficient weight
Authors: Zhang Yongqing , Li Haiyan , Liu Jiangfan , Wei Quanzeng , Sun Juntao , Wang Deguo 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionThe demand for fresh–cut water chestnuts, a convenient and nutritive vegetable, is increasing in market. However, the slicing of water chestnuts can cause mechanical damage to tissue, which results in quality deterioration. We aimed to select the optimal treatment through a comprehensive comparison of the preservation effect of acetic acid, which could prolong the shelf life of fresh–cut water chestnuts and improve their storage quality.MethodsA comprehensive evaluation was conducted using the gray–correlation method based on the variation–coefficient weight to observe the treatment of 0, 2 and 5% acetic acid. Their effects on color, weight loss rate, and the content of ascorbic acid, total sugar, reducing sugar, soluble protein, and free amino acid were determined.ResultsThe color, weight loss rate, and nutritional content of fresh–cut chestnuts varied under different processing and storage times. When stored for more than 4 days, the b* value, and the content of total sugar and soluble protein in CK were higher than those in 2% or 5% acetic acid, but the weight loss rate, and the content of ascorbic acid and free amino acid in CK were less than those in acetic acid treatments. Considering various indicators, it was difficult to determine which treatment to choose for fresh–cut water chestnut preservation. The gray–correlation analysis results indicated that when stored for 8, 12, or 16 days, the gray–correlation degree of 5% acetic acid was the highest, while that of the control was the lowest. It could be directly concluded by the gray–correlation degree that when the storage time exceeded 4 days, acetic acid could be used to improve storage quality, and 5% acetic acid had a better preservation effect than 2%. Fresh–cut water chestnuts can be stored for 4 days without the need for acetic acid treatment.ConclusionThese findings could provide information and comprehensive evaluation methods for the preservation of fresh–cut fruits and vegetables. The next step is to evaluate the preservation effect of acetic acid by measuring its effects on other indicators of fresh–cut water chestnuts (e.g., flavonoids, and microorganisms), providing ideas for the research of preservatives.
Toxicological safety assessment of a water extract of Lithocarpus litseifolius by a 90-day repeated oral toxicity study in rats
Authors: Ma Jinfeng , Wei Yujia , Sun Jingfeng , Tan Fang , Liu Penghe , Qin Guangqiu 
Published: June 2024

Lithocarpus litseifolius although known as “Sweet Tea” (ST), has been traditionally accepted as a daily beverage and used as a folk medicine in southern China with little understanding of its potential toxicity. This study evaluated the safety of a water extract of ST by a subchronic toxicity study in Sprague-Dawley rats. A total of 80 rats were randomized divided into 4 groups with 10 males and 10 females in each group, treated with 2000, 1,000, 500 and 0 mg/kg body weight of ST extract by gavage for 90 days, respectively. The results of the study showed that ST extract did not induce treatment-related changes in the body and organ weight, food intake, blood hematology and serum biochemistry, urine indices, and histopathology in rats. The NOAEL of ST extract was observed to be 2000 mg/kg/day for rats of both sexes. These results indicated that ST extract was of low toxicity in the experimental conditions of the current study and had the potential for application in food-related products.
Spatial distribution and drivers of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Zhang Feng , Li Yaoming , Ji Baoming , Dong Shikui 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are pivotal in plant resource acquisition, mediating plant interactions, and influencing soil carbon dynamics. However, their biogeographical distribution in Tibetan alpine grasslands remains understudied. MethodsIn this research, we examined the distribution pattern of AMF communities and their key determinants along a 2000-km transect across the Tibetan plateau, encompassing 7 alpine meadows and 8 alpine steppes. ResultsOur findings indicate that AMF community diversity and composition exhibit similarities between alpine meadows and alpine steppes, primarily influenced by latitude and evapotranspiration. At the genus level, Glomus predominated in both alpine meadow (36.49%±2.67%) and alpine steppe (41.87%±2.36%) soils, followed by Paraglomus (27.14%±3.69%, 32.34%±3.28%). Furthermore, a significant decay relationship of AMF community was observed over geographical distance. Null model analyses revealed that random processes predominantly (&gt;50%) drove the assembly of AMF communities. DiscussionIn summary, our study elucidates the spatial distribution pattern of AMF in Tibetan plateau grasslands and underscores the significant influence of geographical and climatic factors on AMF community dynamics.
Downward social comparison positively promotes altruism: the multi-mediating roles of belief in a just world and general life satisfaction
Authors: Hu Yunjun , Cui Guanyu , Jiang Linxi , Lan Xiaoyu 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionThis study examined the underlying mechanism of the relationship between downward social comparison (DSC) and altruism through two conceptually important but rarely studied factors: belief in a just world (BJW) and general life satisfaction (GLS).MethodsThe study utilized a two-time-point design, spaced 2 months apart, with a sample of 1,764 college students from China. The study measured DSC, altruism, BJW, and GLS.ResultsThe findings revealed a significant positive predictive effect of DSC on college students’ altruism and belief in a just world (BJW). Notably, GLS emerged as a multi-mediating factor in this relationship. The study also revealed that both subscales of BJW, namely personal belief in a just world (PBJW) and general belief in a just world (GBJW), played distinct roles in the mediation model. PBJW exhibited a stronger mediating effect, suggesting that DSC can foster individual altruism and BJW. Particularly, BJW was identified as enhancing GLS, subsequently promoting altruistic behavior.ConclusionThis study contributes to the existing literature on social comparison by shedding light on the relationship between DSC, altruism, and the mediating role of belief in a just world and GLS. The findings underscore the potential for promoting altruistic behavior among college students through interventions targeting beliefs in a just world, especially at the personal level, and enhancing GLS.
Causal relationships between height, screen time, physical activity, sleep and myopia: univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu , Zhao Fangkun , Yuan Weichen , Xu Jun 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundThis study aims to investigate the independent causal relation between height, screen time, physical activity, sleep and myopia.MethodsInstrumental variables (IVs) for exposures and outcome were obtained from the largest publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) databases. First, we performed a bidirectional univariate MR analysis using primarily the inverse variance weighted method (IVW) with height, screen time, physical activity and sleep as the exposure and myopia as the outcome to investigate the causal relationship between exposures and myopia. Sensitivity analysis was used to demonstrate its robustness. Then the multivariable MR (MVMR) and MR-based mediation approach was further used to estimate the mediating effect of potential confounders (education and time outdoors) on causality.ResultsThe results of univariate MR analysis showed that taller height (OR = 1.009, 95% CI = 1.005–1.012, p = 3.71 × 10−7), longer time on computer (OR = 1.048, 95% CI = 1.029–1.047, p = 3.87 × 10−7) and less moderate physical activity (OR = 0.976, 95% CI = 0.96–0.991 p = 2.37 × 10−3) had a total effect on the increased risk of developing myopia. Meanwhile our results did not have sufficient evidence to support the causal relationship between chronotype (p = 0.637), sleep duration (p = 0.952) and myopia. After adjusting for education, only taller height remains an independent risk factor for myopia. After adjusting for education, the causal relationship between height, screen and myopia still had statistical significance. A reverse causal relationship was not found in our study. Most of the sensitivity analyses showed consistent results with those of the IVW method.ConclusionOur MR study revealed that genetically predicted taller height, longer time on computer, less moderate physical activity increased the risk of myopia. After full adjustment for confounders, only height remained independently associated with myopia. As a complement to observational studies, the results of our analysis provide strong evidence for the improvement of myopia risk factors and provide a theoretical basis for future measures to prevent and control myopia in adolescents.
الوضع الاجتماعي والسياسي للمرأة عند البدو الرعاة (بدو بوير أحمد) في جنوب غربي إيران.
Authors: رضا فضل  
Published: June 2024

يقوم هذا البحث بتقييم الوضع السياسي و الاجتماعي للمرأة في مجتمع بيارة أحمد من خلال الدلائل التي تشير إلي الأنشطة التي تقوم بها في الأجواء المختلفة , والتي يمكن تلخيصها في التالي :
-تشغل المرأة في بيارة أحمد موقعا متميزا في الاقتصاد المحلي ، حيث أنها تتحكم في عملية الإنتاج و جمع الموارد الاقتصادية مما جعلها تتمتع بالنفوذ و السلطة داخل المنزل .
-	أدت العلاقات الحميمة و المصالح المشتركة و علاقات الجوار فيما بين ربات المنازل في ذلك المعسكر البدوي ، الي تطوير الراطة غير الرسمية الوثيقة .
-	تتناسب مساحة السلطة للمرأة مع رتبتها الاجتماعية . وتستمد المرأة قوتها من مصدرين أساسيين وهما :
1)	مصدر متأصل في مجتمع تعدد الزوجات ، حيث يتم الزواج من غير الأقارب بهدف زيادة عدد الأحلاف .
2)	مصدر ينشأ من تكوين الثورة الناتجة من جمع الضرائب السنوية .

ومن هنا نري أن القوة و السلطة التي استمدتها المرأة كانت نتيجة للميراث المتأصل لدى مجتمع بيارة أحمد . و تعتمد تلك القوة علي اثنين من المبادىء المتداخلة :
-	لا يعتمد دورهم المحوري في إنتاج البضائع المستقبلية علي الاستهلاك الخاص وحسب ، بل يتعداه إلي التبادل التجاري و الضيافة .
-	إدارة و التحكم في جمع البضائع و الموارد المستخدمة للدعم الغقتصادي للرئاسة .
مستقبل الخليج العربي واستراتيجية العمل العربي المشترك الندوة العلمية العالمية الرابعة لمركز دراسات الخليج العربي بجامعة البصرة بالاشتراك مع مجلة دراسات الخليج والجزيرة العربية.
Authors: مجموعة من الباحثين  
Published: June 2024

عقد مركز دراسات الخليج العربي بجامعة البصرة بالتعاون مع مجلة دراسات الخليج و الجزيرة العربية من 29 – 31 آذار 1981 ندوته العالمية الرابعة بعنوان " مستقبل الخليج العربي و إستراتيجية العمل العربي المشترك " و تحت شعار " ليكن مستقبل الخليج العربي ضماناً لمستقبل عربي أفضل ". تم تحديد الموضوعات التالية للنقاش :
1.	مستقبل التنمية الاجتماعية في الخليج.
2.	واقع و مستقبل الخليج العربي و علاقته بمستقبل الوطن العربي.
3.	مستقبل التنمية الاجتماعية في الخليج العربي.
4.	مستقبل الصناعة و التجارة و الزراعة في الخليج العربي.

و من أهداف الندوة تحقيق ما يلي:

1.	إثارة الوعي بضرورة البدء بإجراء دراسات علمية جادة عن الخليج العربي و إبراز المشكلات الرئيسية المتعلقة برسم المستقبل.
2.	إلقاء الضوء على البعد الاقتصادي و الاجتماعي و التطورات المستقبلية للبيئة و التنمية في الخليج العربي.
3.	توضيح سبل تعاون أقطار الخليج العربي فيما بينها و أهمية هذا التعاون و رسم مستقبل خليجي زاهر.
4.	بيان مدى الدور الهام الذي يمكن أن يلعبه مستقبل الخليج العربي في ضمان مستقبل عربي أفضل.
5.	بيان الظروف الموضوعية و الذاتية المتاحة لمستقبل التعاون لمختلف الميادين بين أقطار الخليج العربي.
6.	وضع سياسة خليجية كنموذج لرسم مستقبل يحقق الاستخدام الأفضل للموارد المتوفرة في المنطقة.
الندوة الأولى لمستقبل الموارد المائية بمنطقة الخليج وشبه الجزيرة العربية: الكويت 3- 5 مارس 1981.
Authors: مجموعة من الباحثين  
Published: June 2024

تلقي هذه السطور الضوء على أهمية الندوة التي عقدت في جامعة الكويت تحت إشراف مجلة دراسات الخليج و الجزيرة العربية. تناولت الندوة أهمية المياه لمنطقة الخليج و شبه الجزيرة العربية. شارك في الندوة ثمان دول قدمت كل منها تقريراً مفصلاً عن حالة المياه فيها. عقدت الندوة بهدف تحقيق أهدافا خمسة هي:
1.	التحليل العلمي للموارد المائية كونها من أهم أسباب التنمية و العمران سواءً في الوقت الحالي أم في عصر ما بعد النفط.
2.	إتاحة الفرصة أمام الخبراء و الباحثين المتخصصين لدراسة الموارد المائية في مختلف جوانبها.
3.	إثارة الاهتمام بضرورة البدء بإجراء مسح كرتوجرافي شامل للموارد المائية في المنطقة لوضع أول " أطلس " من نوعه عن الموارد المائية.
4.	إبراز المشكلات الرئيسية المتعلقة بالموارد المائية سواءً ما كان منها ناجماً عن الاستخدام المفرط أم ناشئاً عن اختلال التوازن البيئي بسبب الإفراط في التحضر.
5.	تبادل الرأي في تشخيص هذه المشكلات و التعرف على أعراضها و بحث السبل العلمية لتلافيها .

تم التركيز في هذه الندوة إلى المياه العذبة فقط كونها مؤثرة في حياة الإنسان و مجتمعه وأنشطته المتنوعة.
أما ما عالجته الندوة فهو أربعة موضوعات رئيسية تتمثل في الآتي:
1.	الموارد المائية في الطبيعة و قدم 12 بحثاً بهذا الخصوص مع تناول الموارد الطبيعية في بعض أقطار المنطقة كنماذج دراسة، كما تناولت مطولاً قضايا المياه الجوفية.
2.	مشكلات استخدام الموارد المائية و صلتها بالنمو الحضري و الصناعة وقدمت 7 أوراق علمية في هذا الخصوص.
3.	القضايا المتعلقة بتنمية الموارد المائية و مستقبلها و قدم 12 بحثاً عالجت أنسب الوسائل و الأساليب لتنمية الموارد المائية و صيانتها.
4.	استكشاف آفاق جديدة لتعزيز الحصول على الموارد المائية بوسائل تكنولوجية متطورة كاستخدام الطاقة الشمسية.
A Strategy Development Framework for Educational Technology: An integrated Design Science Research and Modified Delphi Approach
Authors: Hugo Jorietha , Callaghan Ronel , Cronje Johannes 
Published: June 2024

Emerging technologies are transforming educational practices, but successful integration requires improving the quality and efficiency of learning. New technology emerges in hype cycles but adoption and performance lag over time. A strategy development framework is needed for decision-makers to understand the complex interaction of all the factors to consider when making new technology investments. The research explores how strategy development occurs through the dynamic interaction of strategy with learning, and technology integration. It analyses the key elements of a strategy map for learning with technology and how they influence each other within the overall strategy map. The research design integrated the different cycles of Design Science Research (DSR) with a modified Delphi Technique in two phases of research. During the first research phase, Delphi panel members were interviewed to understand current challenges and practices in learning with technology. The results of the literature review and thematic data analysis from the interviews were used to create a hypothetical strategy map and a strategy development framework, as an artefact, as part of the DSR process. This framework was shared with Delphi members in the second phase of research, and they were requested to evaluate the framework for its fit and utility in similar contexts of learning with technology. The feedback contributed to the refinement of the artefact and highlighted the key operational focus areas for learning with technology. The key operational focus areas identified were the need to increase the basic technology literacy of students and educators, continuous professional development in terms of online pedagogy, and the need for principles in terms of multimedia design. Other focus areas were an online design blueprint and an improvement in learning and teaching experiences through efficiencies and productivity of ed-tech technologies. This study contributes a strategy development framework for educational technology which enhances theories around the analytical and conceptual processes when planning and implementing new emerging technologies in learning. Analytical processes include external and internal analysis and a SWOT analysis of aspects related to learning with technology. Other key outcomes of the study include a hypothetical strategy map for learning with technology which aligns business objectives to a financial, customer, internal business process and learning and growth perspective.
Analisis Supply And Demand Tenaga Pendidik Pada Satuan Pendidikan Dasar
Authors: Taufik BK Muhamad 
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis demand (kebutuhan tenaga pendidik) dan supply (ketersediaan tenaga pendidik), faktor-faktor penyebab, dampak, dan solusi atas kondisi atas kebutuhan dan ketersediaan tenaga pendidik di SDN 1 Nagrikidul Purwakarta. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif menggunakan metode deskriptif studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kondisi tenaga pendidik di SDN 1 Nagrikidul mengalami surplus (kelebihan tenaga pendidik) atau kondisi non-equilibrium (ketidakseimbangan demand dengan supply). Beberapa penyebab kondisi nonequilibrium tersebut yaitu kebijakan pemerintah daerah atas sekolah negeri, kebijakan yang belum berbasis riset, kewenangan kepala sekolah, kondisi guru dan pendekatan perencanaan tenaga pendidik. Kondisi surplus tenaga pendidik tersebut menimbulkan permasalahan dan menimbulkan dampak positif dan negatif bagi lembaga SDN 1 Nagrikidul Purwakarta. Namun meskipun demikian sebagai sebuah lembaga pendidikan profesional tentunya SDN 1 Nagrikidul mampu mengambil langkah strategik dalam menemukan solusi atas permasalahan yang dihadapi berkaitan dengan kondisi surplus tersebut
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Busy Book Terhadap Gerak Koordinasi Mata dan Tangan Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Mariyah Ulfah Dede , Uswatun Hasanah Amalia , Rochimah Nur 
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan media busy book terhadap gerak koordinasi mata dan tangan anak usia 5-6 tahun pada siswa TK Kasih Sayang Ibu Jasinga, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan membandingkan dua sampel kelas yaitu kelompok B2 yang terdiri dari 14 orang sebagai kelas atau kelompok eksperimen yang diberikan perlakuan dengan media busy book, dengan kelas atau kelompok B1 yang terdiri dari 18 siswa sebagai kelas kontrol yang tidak mendapatkan perlakuan dengan busy book. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara bereksperimen di dalam kelas dengan menggunakan RPP dan juga tes unjuk kerja pretest dan posttest. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dan pembahasan maka didapatkan Thitung sebesar 7,15 dan Ttabel sebesar 2,04, dengan kata lain bahwa Thitung (7,15) > Ttabel (2,04) maka dengan demikian H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima, artinya terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan penggunaan media busy book terhadap perkembangan motorik halus gerak koordinasi mata dan tangan anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK kasih sayang ibu.
Kata Kunci: busy book, gerak koordinasi mata dan tangan
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN BAHASA EKSPRESIF ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN DI TK AL MUHAJIRIN
Authors: Anita Anita , Hijriati Hijriati , Hasballah Jamaliah 
Published: June 2024

Kemampuan berbahasa ekspresif adalah kemampuan dalam mengungkapkan bahasa secara verbal dan non verbal. Sebagian besar anak TK Al Muhajirin belum menunjukkan perkembangan kemampuan bahasa ekspresif yang baik. Ini terlihat ketika anak diberi kesempatan oleh guru anak belum mampu untuk bercerita, mengungkapkan keinginan dan pendapatnya, suara anak dalam berbahasa ekspresif kurang lantang cendrung berbisik, dengan sikap tubuh yang terlihat pemalu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan bahasa ekspresif anak usia 5-6 tahun dan mengetahui faktor penghambat dan pendukung kemampuan bahasa ekspresif anak di TK Al Muhajirin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif teknik purposive sampling dengan jenis studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa perkembangan bahasa ekspresif anak dari aspek mengungkapkan keinginan dengan kalimat sederhana dari 5 subjek belum berkembang, aspek mengungkapkan perasaan dengan kalimat sederhana belum berkembang dan mulai berkembang, sedangkan aspek mengungkapkan pendapat dengan kalimat sederhana belum berkembang dan berkembang sesuai harapan. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara terdapat kendala yang dihadapi guru dalam pembelajaran terhadap kemampuan bahasa ekspresif anak seperti kurangnya media belajar, orang tua dan guru kurang menstimulus bahasa ekspresif anak, masih ada anak yang jarang hadir sekolah, sebagian anak belum mengenal huruf abjad dan anak lebih cenderung diberikan pelajaran yang mengarah kepada kemampuan motorik seperti menulis huruf dan angka.