bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinematics of phonotactic steering in the walking cricketGryllus bimaculatus(de Geer)
Authors: Witney Alice G. , Hedwig Berthold 
Published: December 2010

SUMMARYFemale crickets, Gryllus bimaculatus, are attracted by the male calling song and approach singing males; a behaviour known as phonotaxis. Even tethered females walking on a trackball steer towards a computer-generated male song presented from their left or right side. High-speed video analysis showed how this auditory-evoked steering was integrated with walking. Typically all the front and middle legs showed kinematic adjustments during steering, with the trajectories tilted towards the side of acoustic stimulation. Furthermore, the average speed of the tarsi contralateral to song increased relative to the ipsilateral tarsi. Kinematic changes of the hind legs were small and may be a consequence of the front and middle leg adjustments. Although phonotactic steering generally led to stereotyped adjustments there were differences in the specific combination of kinematic changes in leg trajectories. The most reliable kinematic steering response was by the contralateral front leg, such that, during its swing phase the tarsus moved towards the side of acoustic stimulation through an increased forward rotation of the femur and an increased extension of the tibia. Relating the changes in tarsal positioning of each leg to the steering velocity of the animal indicated that typically the front and middle legs contralateral to song generated the turning forces. Phonotactic steering was integrated into forward walking without changes to the walking motor cycle.
Optimisation in a natural system: Argentine ants solve the Towers of Hanoi
Authors: Reid Chris R. , Sumpter David J. T. , Beekman Madeleine 
Published: December 2010

SUMMARY
Natural systems are a source of inspiration for computer algorithms designed to solve optimisation problems. Yet most ‘nature-inspired’ algorithms take only superficial inspiration from biology, and little is known about how real biological systems solve difficult problems. Moreover, ant algorithms, neural networks and similar methods are usually applied to static problems, whereas most biological systems have evolved to perform under dynamically changing conditions. We used the Towers of Hanoi puzzle to test whether Argentine ants can solve a potentially difficult optimisation problem. We also tested whether the ants can adapt to dynamic changes in the problem. We mapped all possible solutions to the Towers of Hanoi on a single graph and converted this into a maze for the ants to solve. We show that the ants are capable of solving the Towers of Hanoi, and are able to adapt when sections of the maze are blocked off and new sections installed. The presence of exploration pheromone increased the efficiency of the resulting network and increased the ants' ability to adapt to changing conditions. Contrary to previous studies, our study shows that mass-recruiting ant species such as the Argentine ant can forage effectively in a dynamic environment. Our results also suggest that novel optimisation algorithms can benefit from stronger biological mimicry.
Accelerated Learning of User Profiles
Authors: Atahan Pelin , Sarkar Sumit 
Published: December 2010

Websites typically provide several links on each page visited by a user. Whereas some of these links help users easily navigate the site, others are typically used to provide targeted recommendations based on the available user profile. When the user profile is not available (or is inadequate), the site cannot effectively target products, promotions, and advertisements. In those situations, the site can learn the profile of a user as the user traverses the site. Naturally, the faster the site can learn a user's profile, the sooner the site can benefit from personalization. We develop a technique that sites can use to learn the profile as quickly as possible. The technique identifies links for sites to make available that will lead to a more informative profile when the user chooses one of the offered links. Experiments conducted using our approach demonstrate that it enables learning the profiles markedly better after very few user interactions as compared to benchmark approaches. The approach effectively learns multiple attributes simultaneously, can learn well classes that have highly skewed priors, and remains quite effective even when the distribution of link profiles at a site is relatively homogeneous. The approach works particularly well when a user's traversal is influenced by the most recently visited pages on a site. Finally, we show that the approach is robust to noise in the estimates for the probability parameters needed for its implementation. This paper was accepted by Sandra Slaughter, information systems.
Status, Quality, and Attention: What's in a (Missing) Name?
Authors: Simcoe Timothy S. , Waguespack Dave M. 
Published: December 2010

How much are we influenced by an author's identity when evaluating his or her work? This paper exploits a natural experiment to measure the impact of status signals in the context of open standards development. For a period of time, e-mails announcing new submissions to the Internet Engineering Task Force would replace individual author names with “et al.” if submission volumes were unusually high. We measure the impact of status signals by comparing the effect of obscuring high- versus low-status author names. Our results show that name-based signals can explain up to three-quarters of the difference in publication rates between high- and low-status authors. The signaling effect disappears for a set of prescreened proposals that receive more scrutiny than a typical submission, suggesting that status signals are more important when attention is scarce (or search costs high). We also show that submissions from high-status authors receive more attention on electronic discussion boards, which may help high-status authors to develop their ideas and bring them forward to publication. This paper was accepted by Jesper Sørensen, organizations.
Cooperation in Games with Forgetfulness
Authors: Thomadsen Raphael , Bhardwaj Pradeep 
Published: December 2010

Companies and managers are apt to forget information, yet classic game theory analysis assumes that all players have perfect recall. This paper expands the literature by examining how introducing forgetfulness into a multiplayer game-theoretic framework can help or hinder cooperative behavior. We find that forgetfulness impacts the ability of firms to cooperate in countervailing directions. On one hand, forgetfulness can diminish the ability to punish deviators, making cooperation more difficult. On the other hand, under some conditions forgetfulness can make meting out severe punishments—even below-(stage) minimax punishments—credible and decrease the ability for players to effectively deviate, facilitating cooperation even in circumstances where cooperation cannot be sustained under perfect recall. We apply our model to a number of strategic games that commonly appear in the literature. This paper was accepted by Preyas Desai, marketing.
Growth of Tropical Bracken (Pteridium arachnoideum): Response to Weather Variations and Burning
Authors: Roos Kristin , Rollenbeck Rütger , Peters Thorsten , Bendix Jörg , Beck Erwin 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe ecology of tropical bracken, which occurs in tropical regions, is not well known. We studied its response to weather variations and burning in the south Ecuadorian Andes, where this weed had already overgrown 40% of the pastureland. In field observations, a constant 1 : 1 ratio of emerging and dying leaves suggested limitation of frond density by nutrient shortage. Short-term deviations from that ratio could be related to weather variations. Spells of dry weather temporarily increased mortality but stimulated emergence of new fronds. Lifespan of the fronds produced immediately after a fire was longer than of those produced during unaffected bracken growth. A burst of frond development during the initial 2 to 3 mo was observed after a fire followed by self-thinning to a stable level. To analyze the effect of fire on bracken, rhizomes were treated with heat pulses. Rhizomes were heat tolerant up to 70 C, and frond production from short shoots was enhanced by elevated temperature. Burning apparently releases apical dominance of developed fronds, as does cutting, and stimulates bud break. The local practice of pasture maintenance in Ecuador of repeated burning favors growth of the fern.
DNA Fingerprinting to Improve Data Collection Efficiency and Yield in an Open-Field Host-Specificity Test of a Weed Biological Control Candidate
Authors: Rector Brian G. , De Biase Alessio , Cristofaro Massimo , Primerano Simona , Belvedere Silvia , Antonini Gloria , Sobhian Rouhollah 
Published: December 2010

AbstractAn open-field test was conducted in southern France to assess the host-specificity of Ceratapion basicorne (Illiger), a candidate for biological control of yellow starthistle. Test plants were infested by naturally occurring populations of C. basicorne but were also exposed to sympatric herbivore species, including other Ceratapion spp. Insects from the test plants were collected directly into tubes of ethanol and were subsequently identified to species according to DNA sequence similarity with morphologically identified reference specimens. This integrated, morphological and molecular identification method was used in an effort to maximize the amount of data gained in the field bioassay and to minimize the number of taxonomist–hours necessary to complete the study. The results obtained showed that the French C. basicorne population only attacked yellow starthistle and cornflower, another known host of C. basicorne. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of the insects collected from all other nonhost plants rejected the possibility that any were C. basicorne.
A Cancer and Leukemia Group B Phase II Study of Sunitinib Malate in Patients with Previously Treated Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (CALGB 80603)
Authors: O'Reilly Eileen M. , Niedzwiecki Donna , Hall Margaret , Hollis Donna , Bekaii-Saab Tanios , Pluard Timothy , Douglas Kathe , Abou-Alfa Ghassan K. , Kindler Hedy L. , Schilsky Richard L. , Goldberg Richard M. ,   for the Cancer and Leukemia Group B
Published: December 2010

Abstract

Background.
The Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) conducted a phase II study evaluating sunitinib in patients with progressive metastatic pancreas adenocarcinoma following prior gemcitabine-based therapy (trial CALGB 80603; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT00397787). The primary endpoint was to determine the disease control rate (DCR) as measured by the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (complete response, partial response [PR], and stable disease) at 6 weeks.

Patients and Methods.
Patients aged ≥18 years with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status score of 0–2 and with progressive pancreas adenocarcinoma following treatment with gemcitabine were eligible. Sunitinib was dosed at 50 mg orally days 1–28, every 42 days (1 cycle). The statistical plan called for a three-stage design. A DCR ≥15% was considered worthy of further study.

Results.
In total, 77 patients were enrolled. Forty-two (54.6%) enrollees were male. The median age was 65 years. The ECOG performance status score distribution was: 0, 39%; 1, 50%; 2, 11%. The DCR was 21.6%; one patient (1.4%) had a PR and 15 patients (20.3%) had stable disease as their best response. The progression-free survival time was 1.31 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.25–1.38 months) and overall survival time was 3.68 months (95% CI, 3.06–4.24 months).

Conclusions.
The study met its primary endpoint; however sunitinib had minimal activity and moderate toxicity in a population of gemcitabine-refractory pancreas adenocarcinoma patients. For future studies, limiting enrollment to patients with an ECOG performance status score of 0–1 is recommended.
Approval Summary: Erlotinib Maintenance Therapy of Advanced/Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: Cohen Martin H. , Johnson John R. , Chattopadhyay Somesh , Tang Shenghui , Justice Robert , Sridhara Rajeshwari , Pazdur Richard 
Published: December 2010

Abstract

Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Evaluate the relationship between EGFR mutation status and clinical outcomes reported in this study.Identify patients with NSCLC who may be appropriate candidates for first-line maintenance therapy with erlotinib.
This article is available for continuing medical education credit at CME.TheOncologist.com.
On April 16, 2010, the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved erlotinib tablets (Tarceva®; OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Melville, NY) for maintenance treatment of patients with stage IIIB/IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose disease had not progressed after four cycles of platinum-based first-line chemotherapy.
In total, 889 patients received either erlotinib (150 mg) or placebo once daily. Progression-free survival (PFS), in all patients and in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)+ tumors by immunohistochemistry (IHC), was the primary efficacy endpoint. Overall survival (OS) was a secondary sponsor endpoint but was the primary regulatory endpoint.
Median PFS times were 2.8 months and 2.6 months in the erlotinib and placebo arms, respectively (hazard ratio [HR], 0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.62–0.82; p &lt; .001). Median OS times were 12.0 months and 11.0 months, favoring erlotinib (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.70–0.95). The PFS and OS HRs in patients with EGFR+ tumors by IHC were 0.69 (95% CI, 0.58–0.82) and 0.77 (95% CI, 0.64–0.93), respectively. The PFS and OS HRs in patients with EGFR− tumors by IHC were 0.77 (95% CI, 0.51–1.14) and 0.91 (95% CI, 0.59–1.38), respectively.
Following disease progression, 57% of placebo-treated patients received additional chemotherapy, compared with 47% of erlotinib-treated patients. Fourteen percent of placebo-treated patients received erlotinib or gefitinib, 31% received docetaxel, and 14% received pemetrexed. In total, 59% of placebo-treated patients who received treatment received FDA approved second-line NSCLC drugs.
The most common adverse reactions in patients receiving erlotinib were rash and diarrhea.
On the distribution of αp modulo one for primes p of a special form
Authors: Todorova T. , Tolev D. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
A classical problem in analytic number theory is to study the distribution of αp modulo 1, where α is irrational and p runs over the set of primes. We consider the subsequence generated by the primes p such that p+2 is an almost-prime (the existence of infinitely many such p is another topical result in prime number theory) and prove that its distribution has a similar property.
Decomposition of congruences involving a map Φ
Authors: Marko František 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Congruences of Ankeny-Artin-Chowla type modulo p
2 for a cyclic subfield K of prime conductor p were derived by Jakubec and expressed in terms of a technically defined map Φ. Later, Jakubec and Lassak found a decomposition of the map Φ modulo p
2 and simplified the formulation of these congruences. A corresponding decomposition of the map Φ modulo p
3 was obtained in [MARKO, F.: Towards Ankeny-Artin-Chowla type congruence modulo p
3, Ann. Math. Sil. 20 (2006), 31–55]. That technical step was important for the formulation of congruences of Ankeny-Artin-Chowla type modulo p
3. This paper will show how to produce an analogous decomposition of the map Φ modulo an arbitrary power p
n which would allow a description of analogous congruences modulo p
n.
Perfect residuated lattice ordered monoids
Authors: Rachůnek Jiří , Šalounová Dana 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Bounded Rℓ-monoids form a large subclass of the class of residuated lattices which contains certain of algebras of fuzzy and intuitionistic logics, such as GMV-algebras (= pseudo-MV-algebras), pseudo-BL-algebras and Heyting algebras. Moreover, GMV-algebras and pseudo-BL-algebras can be recognized as special kinds of pseudo-MV-effect algebras and pseudo-weak MV-effect algebras, i.e., as algebras of some quantum logics. In the paper, bipartite, local and perfect Rℓ-monoids are investigated and it is shown that every good perfect Rℓ-monoid has a state (= an analogue of probability measure).
A sixth order degenerate equation with the higher order p-laplacian operator
Authors: Liu Changchun 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
We consider a initial-boundary value problem for a sixth order degenerate parabolic equation. Under some assumptions on the initial value, we establish the existence of weak solutions by the time-discrete method. The uniqueness, asymptotic behavior and the finite speed of propagation of perturbations of solutions are also discussed.
Approximation in statistical sense to n-variate B-continuous functions by positive linear operators
Authors: Dirik Fadime , Demirci Kamil 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Our primary interest in the present paper is to prove a Korovkintype approximation theorem for sequences of positive linear operators defined on the space of all real valued n-variate B-continuous functions on a compact subset of the real n-dimensional space via statistical convergence. Also, we display an example such that our method of convergence is stronger than the usual convergence.
Colombie : la voix des victimes d’enlèvement
Authors: Buitrago Orjuela Liliana 
Published: December 2010

Depuis quelques années, en Colombie, se multiplient les publications de récits et de journaux intimes rédigés par les victimes d’enlèvement. Ce genre de récit devient un des outils de la lutte des victimes du conflit pour se faire reconnaître.Ces publications des récits personnels des victimes sont-elles des nouvelles manières d’exposer et dénoncer la violence ? Comment se situe le narrateur dans sa relation à sa société ? A partir des ces textes, je propose d’exposer les effets de ce genre d’écrits dans la gestion du conflit par les victimes.
Lugares de maravilla y de horror
Authors: Willem Bieke 
Published: December 2010

El término propuesto por Pierre Nora del « lugar de memoria » nos sirve de punto de partida para el análisis de dos novelas escritas en el período de la llamada transición chilena. El palacio de la risa de Germán Marín y Una casa vacía de Carlos Cerda nos proponen dos variaciones sobre el mismo tema : el de las casas privadas que fueron utilizadas durante la dictadura pinochetista como centros de detención y tortura. Nuestra meta es doble. Por una parte examinaremos cómo los autores construyen un espacio literario a partir de la memoria individual y colectiva ligadas respectivamente a Villa Grimaldi y La Venda Sexy. Por otra, intentaremos definir la influencia que el hecho extraliterario de la conversión de hogares en depósitos del horror podría haber dejado en el funcionamiento de la imagen de la « casa » en esas novelas.
De camp de concentration à lieu de mémoire: l’École de Mécanique de la Marine (ESMA) en Argentine
Authors: Dugal Marie-Christine 
Published: December 2010

En 1975, un camp de concentration fut aménagé à l’École de Mécanique de la Marine à Buenos Aires. Jusqu’à la fin de la dictature en 1983, cinq mille personnes y furent séquestrées illégalement. La majorité d’entre elles n’ont jamais été revues. En 2004, le gouvernement de Néstor Kirchner annonçait la rétrocession de la propriété à la ville de Buenos Aires et au Pouvoir exécutif national dès lors chargés de transformer le lieu en « Espace pour la Mémoire et la Défense et la Promotion des Droits Humains ». Bien que la rétrocession de l’ESMA et sa subséquente transformation aient largement contribué à l’édification du lieu de mémoire qu’est aujourd’hui l’ESMA, l’histoire de cet emblème débuta en 1976 alors que des propos horrifiants ont commencé à circuler qui associaient l’ESMA à la dictature. On constate que la constitution du lieu comme symbole du terrorisme d’État s'est faite dans un double mouvement, la divulgation d'information favorisant l'assimilation du lieu à la dictature, et la reconnaissance croissante de son caractère représentatif. Dans le présent article, on voudra se pencher sur ce double mouvement qui a fait de l'ESMA un lieu de mémoire, depuis les débuts de la dictature jusqu'aux interventions de Néstor Kirchner en 2004.
Brasil e Portugal em revista : a imprensa periódica na fronteira entre cultura e política
Authors: Müller Fernanda Suely 
Published: December 2010

O binômio colônia-metrópole sempre foi uma equação delicada nas relações entre Brasil e Portugal e tais diferenças foram particularmente acentuadas no século vinte, sobretudo após a reafirmação da independência brasileira, no âmbito cultural, em 1922. Contudo, notamos que desde o início do século passado, uma parte da intelectualidade luso-brasileira e, nomeadamente, alguns escritores e homens de letras de ambos os países ligados aos regimes políticos totalitários, se esforçavam em cultivar uma falsa imagem e idéia de « cordialidade e cooperação » através da imprensa, realizando assim uma propaganda indireta de seus governos ditatoriais. Nesse sentido, pretendemos traçar com esse trabalho um breve itinerário desse diálogo estabelecido na imprensa luso-brasileiras especialmente no período de suas ditaduras.
Art et mémoire
Authors: Guillemont Michèle 
Published: December 2010

Dans l’Argentine actuelle, certaines constructions esthétiques en prise directe avec les crimes perpétrés par la dernière dictature rencontrent une audience assez large : il s’agit souvent de celles qui construisent une mémoire à partir d’une vision du passé « consensuelle ». D’autres sont plus inquiétantes parce qu’elles partent d’une exigence plus grande de scrutation du passé et des consciences. C’est à cette catégorie qu’appartient l’installation/sculpture appelée « Autores ideológicos » (en exposition permanente désormais à la ex-ESMA), dont le support matériel est une voiture de marque « Ford Falcon » ayant effectivement servi aux séquestrations illégales de personnes. En suivant le processus de création de cet objet, nous rendrons compte du questionnement sur la mémoire lancé à l’art et à la société par ses créateurs.
Recordar sin recordar
Authors: Brugnolo Stefano , Luche Laura 
Published: December 2010

A menudo son las víctimas las que recuerdan las violencias que les han infligido poderes brutales. Bolaño en cambio explora la memoria de un semi-culpable, es decir de alguien que pertenece a la que Primo Levi llamó la « zona gris ». Se trata del crítico literario Sebastián Urrutia Lacroix. Éste evoca los años de la dictadura y muestra su cómplice aceptación del régimen. Este ensayo se propone mostrar cómo el protagonista efectoa una serie de desplazamientos, digresiones, precisiones superfluas, descripciones eufemísticas para posponer la confrontación con los recuerdos de la dictadura más difíciles de enfrentar. Estas estrategias de confrontación y no-confrontación con el pasado cuentan la dificultad de muchos latinoamericanos para admitir que se han visto implicados con la dictadura de distintas maneras. Las múltiples figuras de desplazamiento se hallan en la base del carácter cómico del texto que evidencia los aspectos trágicamente ridículos de muchos otros discursos de negación o de muchos otros discursos que van a la búsqueda de una imposible auto-absolución.