Regional Aspects of Leisure Institutionalization: Experience of the Past and Problems of the Present
Authors: Постнова Е.В. 
Published: May 2024

Исследование призвано выявить ориентиры для создания оптимальной системы предоставления услуг институционального досуга на примере Тверского областного Дворца культуры «Пролетарка». Работа основывается на федеральных нормативных правовых актах, научных публикациях и практических разработках, реализованных в сфере досуговой деятельности. Рассмотрены традиции, связанные с историей досуга в России, охарактеризованы его формы, являвшиеся типичными для широких слоев населения. Установлено, что работа досуговых учреждений может строиться на основе компромиссной политики или разворачиваться по пути создания мероприятий новых форматов. Проанализированы культурно-досуговые мероприятия, организованные в КДУ «Пролетарка», делается вывод, что его деятельность направлена на создание новых форм досуга иуспешна в силу продуманной стратегии, которая базируется на построении собственной системы ориентиров, функционирующей в рамках государственной культурной политики.
The study aims to identify guidelines for a system of institutionalized leisure services that best meets the needs of the population and the policies of the Russian state using the example of the activities of the Tver Regional Palace of Culture Proletarka. The materials included scientific publications and practical developments aimed at researching and creating aesthetically oriented services, and federal regulations. The author mainly used the structural-functional method to trace the emergence of various types of leisure practices in Russia and correlate its manifestations with modern forms of cultural organization. The author analyzes the concept “institutionalized leisure” and determines the state’s priorities in organizing various forms of such leisure. Events held by cultural and leisure institutions reflect the range of interests of cultural service consumers and the levels of their aesthetic development. The author considers traditions associated with the history of leisure in pre-Soviet Russia and characterizes its forms that were typical for representatives of social elites and for the general population; describes the ideological framework that dominated in the sphere of organizing leisure time in Soviet times. The author emphasizes that problems in this domain, which became relevant in the post-Soviet period, led to the need to provide it with state-level leadership. She explores the history of the regional Palace of Culture Proletarka, characterizes its activities as a subject of a market economy, and describes its work to overcome the complex contradictions that arise in its activities as a result of the forced combination of traditional and modern forms of leisure work. The author analyzes the cultural and leisure events organized at the Proletarka and aimed at achieving various aesthetic goals and notes the attractiveness, scale and thoughtfulness of these events. The main components of an optimal system for providing relevant services by leisure institutions have been identified: (1) desire to achieve the hedonic effect of cultural services; (2) receiving of aesthetic pleasure from leisure activities; (3) personal satisfaction from acquiring new knowledge and skills; (4) active participation of citizens in events with the possibility of remote attendance; (5) creation of moral guidelines in the process of organizing leisure time. The author emphasizes that the activities of the Proletarka are aimed at creating new forms of leisure that really take into account the interests of all subjects participating in this activity.