bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Density‐dependent trophic consequences of invasive mrigal carp on native mud carp in Chinese fresh waters
Authors: Zhang Yingqiu , Li Jie , Chen Fangcan , Li Yuefei , Dai Shouhui , Britton J. Robert 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Understanding the strength, direction and consequences of the trophic impacts of invasive fish on functionally analogous native fishes is important in invasion impact assessment and for informing management programmes. As functionally analogous native and invasive fishes can share prey resources, there is high potential for competitive interactions, which could affect trophic niche sizes and positions.

The highly invasive mrigal carp Cirrhinus mrigala and native mud carp Cirrhinus molitorella now co‐exist in many freshwaters in southern China, raising concern on the consequences for mud carp. The trophic interactions of the two species and their consequences (for growth rates and trophic niche sizes as the isotopic niche, calculated using δ13C and δ15N) were tested in a pond enclosure experiment based on additive and substitutive treatments using fish in allopatric and sympatric contexts, with results compared with invaded wild communities.

In the experiment, specific growth rates decreased significantly as fish abundance in treatments increased. These density‐dependent effects were observed in both species and were independent of whether the treatment was allopatric or sympatric. In allopatric treatments, isotopic niches of mud carp increased in size with fish number. Conversely, in sympatric treatments, mud carp isotopic niche size decreased with increased mrigal carp number. For mrigal carp, isotopic niche sizes decreased as fish number increased in both allopatric and sympatric treatments.

In sympatric experiment treatments, the isotopic niches of mud carp and mrigal carp were always divergent. This was, however, in contrast to four invaded wild communities, where the isotopic niches of the two fishes always had some overlap.

Experimental and field data suggest that although native mud carp could be impacted by mrigal carp, these impacts might only manifest when the species are at very high abundances and inter‐specific competitive interactions could be intense. These results also suggest the two species have mechanisms that reduce their inter‐specific interactions to minimise their competitive interactions, thus any ecological impacts from mrigal carp might manifest more from indirect than direct processes.
Revisiting the gene mutations and protein profile of WT 9‐12: An autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease cell line
Authors: Chai Hwa Chia , Mahendran Rhubaniya , Ong Kien Chai , Chua Kek Heng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWT 9‐12 is one of the cell lines commonly used for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) studies. Previous studies had described the PKD gene mutations and polycystin expression in WT 9‐12. Nonetheless, the mutations occurring in other ADPKD‐associated genes have not been investigated. This study aims to revisit these mutations and protein profile of WT 9‐12. Whole genome sequencing verified the presence of truncation mutation at amino acid 2556 (Q2556X) in PKD1 gene of WT 9‐12. Besides, those variations with high impacts included single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs8054182, rs117006360, and rs12925771) and insertions and deletions (InDels) (rs145602984 and rs55980345) in PKD1L2; InDel (rs1296698195) in PKD1L3; and copy number variations in GANAB. Protein profiles generated from the total proteins of WT 9‐12 and HK‐2 cells were compared using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) analysis. Polycystin‐1 was absent in WT 9‐12. The gene ontology enrichment and reactome pathway analyses revealed that the upregulated and downregulated proteins of WT 9‐12 relative to HK‐2 cell line leaded to signaling pathways related to immune response and amino acid metabolism, respectively. The ADPKD‐related mutations and signaling pathways associated with differentially expressed proteins in WT 9‐12 may help researchers in cell line selection for their studies.
Treatment of thrombotic cardiovascular diseases in people with haemophilia: A Japanese consensus study
Authors: Nagao Azusa , Chikasawa Yushi , Hiroi Yukio , Ieko Masahiro 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionCardiovascular diseases (CVD) that require long‐term anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy presents a problem in people with haemophilia (PWH) who receive factor replacement therapy to reduce bleeding risk. Currently, there are no Japanese guidelines for the management of PWH with CVD.AimTo develop expert guidance on managing CVD in PWH in Japan.MethodsA steering committee of four experts (two haemophilia specialists, one thrombosis specialist, one cardiologist) identified 44 statements related to five key themes. An online questionnaire was produced comprising a mix of 4‐point Likert scale and multiple‐choice questions that was sent to specialists in the management of PWH with CVD in Japan. Consensus was defined as high or very high if a respective ≥75% or ≥90% of respondents agreed with a statement.ResultsOf 16 potential respondents, responses were received from 15 specialists. Of the Likert scale questions, 71% (29/41) achieved ≥90% agreement (very strong agreement), 17% (7/41) achieved 75%–89% agreement (strong agreement) and 15% (6/41) did not achieve consensus agreement. The three multiple‐choice questions failed to identify a strong preference. Agreement on specific target trough clotting factor levels for managing certain clinical situations, such as when in the presence of non‐valvular atrial fibrillation or myocardial infarction, was also achieved.ConclusionThe results of this consensus study provide a framework for cardiologists and haematologists to manage PWH who are at risk of, or who have, CVD. Implementation of the recommendations provided herein may improve outcomes for PWH with CVD.
Machine learning identifies factors most associated with seeking medical care for migraine: Results of the OVERCOME (US) study
Authors: Ashina Sait , Muenzel E. Jolanda , Nicholson Robert A. , Zagar Anthony J. , Buse Dawn C. , Reed Michael L. , Shapiro Robert E. , Hutchinson Susan , Pearlman Eric M. , Lipton Richard B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveUtilize machine learning models to identify factors associated with seeking medical care for migraine.BackgroundMigraine is a leading cause of disability worldwide, yet many people with migraine do not seek medical care.MethodsThe web‐based survey, ObserVational survey of the Epidemiology, tReatment and Care Of MigrainE (US), annually recruited demographically representative samples of the US adult population (2018–2020). Respondents with active migraine were identified via a validated diagnostic questionnaire and/or a self‐reported medical diagnosis of migraine, and were then asked if they had consulted a healthcare professional for their headaches in the previous 12 months (i.e., “seeking care”). This included in‐person/telephone/or e‐visit at Primary Care, Specialty Care, or Emergency/Urgent Care locations. Supervised machine learning (Random Forest) and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) algorithms identified 13/54 sociodemographic and clinical factors most associated with seeking medical care for migraine. Random Forest models complex relationships (including interactions) between predictor variables and a response. LASSO is also an efficient feature selection algorithm. Linear models were used to determine the multivariable association of those factors with seeking care.ResultsAmong 61,826 persons with migraine, the mean age was 41.7 years (±14.8) and 31,529/61,826 (51.0%) sought medical care for migraine in the previous 12 months. Of those seeking care for migraine, 23,106/31,529 (73.3%) were female, 21,320/31,529 (67.6%) were White, and 28,030/31,529 (88.9%) had health insurance. Severe interictal burden (assessed via the Migraine Interictal Burden Scale‐4, MIBS‐4) occurred in 52.8% (16,657/31,529) of those seeking care and in 23.1% (6991/30,297) of those not seeking care; similar patterns were observed for severe migraine‐related disability (assessed via the Migraine Disability Assessment Scale, MIDAS) (36.7% [11,561/31,529] vs. 14.6% [4434/30,297]) and severe ictal cutaneous allodynia (assessed via the Allodynia Symptom Checklist, ASC‐12) (21.0% [6614/31,529] vs. 7.4% [2230/30,297]). Severe interictal burden (vs. none, OR 2.64, 95% CI [2.5, 2.8]); severe migraine‐related disability (vs. little/none, OR 2.2, 95% CI [2.0, 2.3]); and severe ictal allodynia (vs. none, OR 1.7, 95% CI [1.6, 1.8]) were strongly associated with seeking care for migraine.ConclusionsSeeking medical care for migraine is associated with higher interictal burden, disability, and allodynia. These findings could support interventions to promote care‐seeking among people with migraine, encourage assessment of these factors during consultation, and prioritize these domains in selecting treatments and measuring their benefits.
German language adaptation of the Cogniphobia Scale for Headache Disorders (CS‐HD) and development of a new short form (CS‐HD‐6)
Authors: Klan Timo , Bräscher Anne‐Kathrin , Seng Elizabeth K. , Gaul Charly , Witthöft Michael 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study is part of the ODIN‐migraine (Optimization of Diagnostic Instruments in migraine) project. It is a secondary, a priori analysis of previously collected data, and aimed to assess the psychometric properties and factor structure of the Cogniphobia Scale for Headache Disorders (CS‐HD). We aimed to construct a German‐language version and a short version.BackgroundCogniphobia is the fear and avoidance of cognitive exertion, which the patient believes triggers or exacerbates headache. High cogniphobia may worsen the course of a headache disorder.MethodsThe 15‐item CS‐HD was translated into German and back translated in a masked form by a professional translator. Modifications were discussed and carried out in an expert panel. A cross‐sectional online survey including the CS‐HD and further self‐report questionnaires was conducted in a sample of N = 387 persons with migraine (364/387 [94.1%] female, M = 41.0 [SD = 13.0] years, migraine without aura: 152/387 [39.3%], migraine with aura: 85/387 [22.0%], and chronic migraine: 150/387 [38.8%]).ResultsExploratory factor analysis resulted in two clearly interpretable factors (interictal and ictal cogniphobia). Confirmatory factor analysis yielded an acceptable to good model fit (χ2(89) = 117.87, p = 0.022, χ2/df = 1.32, RMSEA = 0.029, SRMR = 0.055, CFI = 0.996, TLI = 0.995). Item response theory‐based analysis resulted in the selection of six items for the short form (CS‐HD‐6). Reliability was acceptable to excellent (interictal cogniphobia subscale: ω = 0.92 [CS‐HD] or ω = 0.77 [CS‐HD‐6]; ictal cogniphobia subscale: ω = 0.77 [CS‐HD] or ω = 0.73 [CS‐HD‐6]). The pattern of correlations with established questionnaires confirmed convergent validity of both the CS‐HD and the CS‐HD‐6.ConclusionBoth the CS‐HD and the CS‐HD‐6 have good psychometric properties and are suitable for the assessment of cogniphobia in migraine.
A real‐world prospective observational study of eptinezumab in Asian patients with migraine
Authors: Zhao Yi Jing , Ong Jonathan Jia Yuan , Sonu Sumit Kumar , Dang Jiaojiao , Ng Chai Ching , Herr Keira Joann , Bose Rohini , Jion Yasmin Idu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the real‐world effectiveness of eptinezumab for migraine prevention in Asian patients.BackgroundEptinezumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP), a potent vasodilator with an important role in migraine pathophysiology. Although there is robust clinical evidence from pivotal Phase 3 placebo‐controlled trials of the efficacy of eptinezumab for migraine prevention, there are limited data on the real‐world effectiveness of eptinezumab in Asian patient cohorts.MethodsThis was a non‐interventional, prospective, multisite cohort study of adults with migraine (International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition criteria) in Singapore who were prescribed eptinezumab (100 mg at baseline and Month 3, administered intravenously) and were followed until Month 6. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in monthly migraine days (MMDs) at Month 3 and Month 6. Secondary endpoints were ≥30% and ≥50% responder rates, and change from baseline in the Headache Impact Test‐6 (HIT‐6), Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS), Migraine‐Specific Quality of Life (MSQ), patient‐identified most bothersome symptom (PI‐MBS), acute medication use at Month 3 and Month 6, and safety.ResultsEnrolled patients (completed = 29/30) had on average 3.4 (SD 2.9) previous preventive treatments; 29/30 of the patients had trialed at least one previous preventive treatment without benefit. Most had previously trialed oral preventives (87%, 26/30) and anti‐CGRP (70%, 21/30). Relative to baseline, mean MMDs decreased by 4.3 days (95% CI 2.1–6.4; p < 0.001) at Month 3 and 4.9 days (95% CI 2.1–7.7; p < 0.001) at Month 6. At Month 3 and Month 6, 14/30 (47%) and 15/29 (52%) of the patients were ≥30% responders, and 6/30 (20%) and 8/29 (28%) patients were ≥50% responders, respectively. The number of patients with severe life impairment based on the HIT‐6 score (total score 60–78) decreased from 24/30 (80%) at baseline to 19/30 (63%) at Month 3 and 19/29 (66%) at Month 6. The mean MIDAS score decreased by 24.6 points (95% CI 2.82–46.38; p = 0.028) at Month 6, and the mean MSQ score increased by 12.2 points (95% CI 5.18–19.20; p = 0.001) at Month 3 and 13.6 points (95% CI 4.58–22.66; p = 0.004) at Month 6. Most patients reported improvement in the PI‐MBS at Month 3 (73%, 22/30) and Month 6 (55%, 16/29). Acute medication use for headache relief decreased by 3.3 days/month (95% CI 1.0–5.6; p = 0.007) at Month 3 and 4.7 days/month (95% CI 1.7–7.7; p = 0.003) at Month 6. Treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were reported in 16/30 (54%) patients, mostly mild/moderate in severity. No serious TEAEs led to treatment discontinuation.ConclusionQuarterly eptinezumab administration was effective and well‐tolerated in Asian patients with chronic migraine.
Effect of heating and germination on bioactive properties, phenolic compounds, fatty acid and mineral contents of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) seeds
Authors: Younis Mahmoud , Ahmed Isam A. Mohamed , AlJuhaimi Fahad , Wang Dongying , Uslu Nurhan , Özcan Mehmet Musa 
Published: May 2024

SummaryIn this study, the effect of roasting, boiling and germination processes on bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, fatty acid and phenolic profiles and biogenic elements of quinoa seed and oils was assigned. The moisture amounts of boiled and germinated quinoa seeds were recorded to be significantly higher than the control. Also, the oil yield of quinoa seeds decreased compared with the control by roasting, boiling and germinating. The total phenolic and flavonoid quantities of quinoa seeds were assigned to be between 137.70 (germinated) and 315.00 (boiled) to 156.62 (boiled) and 402.38 mg/100 g (control), respectively. Antioxidant capacities of processed quinoa seeds were reported to be between 11.91 (germinated) and 14.43 mmol kg−1 (roasted). The highest total flavonoid and antioxidant capacities were recorded in the control group and roasted quinoa seeds. The highest decrease in total phenol amount of quinoa seeds was detected in germinated quinoa. Gallic acid and catechin values of quinoa seeds varied to be between 29.17 (boiled) and 38.00 mg/100 g (control) to 2.72 (germinated) and 137.26 mg/100 g (control), respectively. The rutin, ferulic acid and p‐coumaric acid contents of the processed (roasted, boiled and germinated) quinoa seeds gradually increased compared with the control. The highest palmitic, oleic, behenic and arachidonic acids were recorded in germinated quinoa oil, followed by the fatty acids of boiled, raw (control) and roasted quinoa seed oils in descending order. P and K amounts of quinoa were established to be between 2203.44 (roasted) and 3314.59 (control) to 4350.60 (boiled) and 6266.85 mg kg−1 (control), respectively.
A critical role for the nuclear protein Akirin in larval development in Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata
Authors: Anjum Ahmad Ali , Lin Meng‐Jiao , Jin Lin , Li Guo‐Qing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAkirin is a nuclear protein that controls development in vertebrates and invertebrates. The function of Akirin has not been assessed in any Coleopteran insects. We found that high levels of akirin transcripts in Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata, a serious Coleopteran potato defoliator (hereafter Hvakirin), were present at prepupal, pupal and adult stages, especially in larval foregut and fat body. RNA interference (RNAi) targeting Hvakirin impaired larval development. The Hvakirin RNAi larvae arrested development at the final larval instar stage. They remained as stunted larvae, gradually blackened and finally died. Moreover, the remodelling of gut and fat body was inhibited in the Hvakirin depleted larvae. Two layers of cuticles, old and newly formed, were noted in the dsegfp‐injected animals. In contrast, only a layer of cuticle was found in the dsakirin‐injected beetles, indicating the arrest of larval development. Furthermore, the expression of three transforming growth factor‐β cascade genes (Hvsmox, Hvmyo and Hvbabo), a 20‐hydroxyecdysone (20E) receptor gene (HvEcR) and six 20E response genes (HvHR3, HvHR4, HvE75, HvBrC, HvE93 and Hvftz‐f1) was significantly repressed, consistent with decreased 20E signalling. Conversely, the transcription of a juvenile hormone (JH) biosynthesis gene (Hvjhamt), a JH receptor gene (HvMet) and two JH response genes (HvKr‐h1 and HvHairy) was greatly enhanced. Our findings suggest a critical role of Akirin in larval development in H. vigintioctopunctata.
Systematic histology and evidence for the male reproductive activity of Amphibalanus amphitrite (Darwin, 1854)
Authors: Senarat Sinlapachai , Kaewnuan Romfa , Sudtongkong Chanyut , Boonyoung Piyakorn , Sukparangsi Woranop , Kongtueng Piyamat , Srivorakul Saralee , Wongkhamhaeng Koraon , Charoenphon Natthawut , lida Atsuo , Kenthao Anan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe striped acorn barnacle, Amphibalanus amphitrite, a taxon of Balanidae, is commonly found along Thailand's coastline. In this study, we used histological methods to describe the microscopic anatomy of A. amphitrite. All samples (n = 30) were obtained from the seagrass beds of Libong Island, Thailand, in the Andaman Sea. Histological observation of various longitudinal sections from specimens of A. amphitrite provides clear insights into the organization of organ systems in the species. The digestive tract was observed to be mainly divided into four subregions, including the cuticle‐lined mouth and esophagus, which is characterized by a high columnar epithelium, the stomach, and the intestine. The accessory organ, including the digestive gland, exhibited lobulated structures and was covered with low columnar epithelial cells on a thin layer of smooth muscle. Furthermore, we examined the reproductive system, including both the ovary and testes, as well as the process of gametogenesis. Testicular development was predominantly observed during active breeding seasons throughout the observation.
Spin coating high‐k multicomponent (Al,Ti,V,Zr,Hf)Ox films with sub‐nm EOT for MOS‐based electronic devices
Authors: Wang Yu‐Chen , Nguyen Van Dung , Chang Kao‐Shuo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe facile spin coating fabrication of high‐dielectric‐constant (high‐k) multicomponent (Al,Ti,V,Zr,Hf)Ox films with an equivalent oxide thickness of ≈0.95 nm and the investigation of their thermal stability and dielectric and electrical properties of the resulting advanced metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS)‐based electronic devices are reported in this study. Various heating conditions, including drying following spin coating, annealing after drying, and forming gas annealing, were investigated to optimize the quality of the films and reduce film defects. The favorable film‐based MOS devices exhibited robust capacitance–voltage (C–V) and current–voltage (I–V) characteristics with a remarkable k value of approximately 62 at 1 kHz. The thermal stability of the films was affirmed through a rapid thermal annealing treatment at 900°C for 5 s and observation of nondegraded C–V and I–V curves. The electrical performance of the resulting MOS field‐effect transistors (MOSFETs), including a threshold voltage of 0.4 V, an on/off ratio of 106, a saturated mobility of 40.1 cm2 V−1 s−1, and a subthreshold swing of 66.7 mV dec−1, was obtained. Moreover, hole‐ and electron‐trapping measurements through negative and positive gate bias stress instabilities, respectively, indicate the reliable performance of our MOSFETs. Our results imply that solution‐based processes are promising for fabricating fundamental semiconductor devices.
Chironomid farming in consideration of various physicochemical parameters and reuse of condensate water
Authors: Nath Susanta , Samanta Shreya 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLarvae of chironomids are benthic organisms, having the extreme capability to adapt to the changing physicochemical parameters of the aquatic body and the potentiality to accommodate that adverse situation. In spite of the demand for chironomid larvae as fish food, no proper technique of chironomid farming has been reported till today. This instance encourages the research on farming these larvae, in both open and captive settings. The present research shows a good result all over the year, with seasonal variance along with changing physicochemical parameters. This farming is based on minimal space requirements, reuse of condensate water, and the application of a low‐cost diet, resulting in enormous production of this insect. Thus, it can be placed as a small‐scale industry to uplift the economic status of rural people. A nutritious diet for both carnivorous and omnivorous fish and low‐cost farming with a huge production of these larvae is good for the fish industry as well.