bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of activated phospholipase Cγ1 is a risk factor for distant metastases in T1‐T2, N0 breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Lattanzio Rossano , Marchisio Marco , La Sorda Rossana , Tinari Nicola , Falasca Marco , Alberti Saverio , Miscia Sebastiano , Ercolani Cristiana , Di Benedetto Anna , Perracchio Letizia , Melucci Elisa , Iacobelli Stefano , Mottolese Marcella , Natali Pier Giorgio , Piantelli Mauro ,   on behalf of CINBO (Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Bio‐Oncologia)
Published: July 2012

AbstractPhospholipase Cγ1 (PLCγ1) is highly expressed in several tumors. We have previously reported that both stable and inducible PLCγ1 down‐regulation resulted in an almost complete inhibition of breast cancer‐derived experimental lung metastasis formation. The aim of our study is to evaluate the association between the expression of PLCγ1 and of PLCγ1 phosphorylated at Tyr1253 (PLCγ1‐pY1253) and at Tyr783 (PLCγ1‐pY783) with the clinical outcome of patients with node negative, T1/T2 breast cancers. The study groups consisted of 292 (training set) and 122 (validation set) patients presenting with primary unilateral breast carcinoma (T1‐T2), with no evidence of nodal involvement and distant metastases. PLCγ1, PLCγ1‐pY1253 and PLCγ1‐pY783 protein expression were assessed by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays and the results correlated with the clinical data using Kaplan–Meier curves and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Tumor cells while expressing variable proportions of cytoplasmic PLCγ1, express PLCγ1‐pY1253 and PLCγ1‐pY783 predominantly in the nucleus. High expression of PLCγ1, and of its activated forms, is associated with a worse clinical outcome in terms of incidence of distant metastases, and not of local relapse in T1‐T2, N0 breast cancer patients undergone adjuvant chemotherapy. PLCγ1 over‐expression appears to be a reliable predictive surrogate marker of development of metastases. Thus, targeting PLCγ1 pathways might represent a potential therapeutic approach for the prevention of metastatic disease in breast cancer.
Noninvasive classification of hepatic fibrosis based on texture parameters from double contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance images
Authors: Bahl Gautam , Cruite Irene , Wolfson Tanya , Gamst Anthony C. , Collins Julie M. , Chavez Alyssa D. , Barakat Fatma , Hassanein Tarek , Sirlin Claude B. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose:To demonstrate a proof of concept that quantitative texture feature analysis of double contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can classify fibrosis noninvasively, using histology as a reference standard.Materials and Methods:A Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)‐compliant Institutional Review Board (IRB)‐approved retrospective study of 68 patients with diffuse liver disease was performed at a tertiary liver center. All patients underwent double contrast‐enhanced MRI, with histopathology‐based staging of fibrosis obtained within 12 months of imaging. The MaZda software program was used to compute 279 texture parameters for each image. A statistical regularization technique, generalized linear model (GLM)‐path, was used to develop a model based on texture features for dichotomous classification of fibrosis category (F ≤2 vs. F ≥3) of the 68 patients, with histology as the reference standard. The model's performance was assessed and cross‐validated. There was no additional validation performed on an independent cohort.Results:Cross‐validated sensitivity, specificity, and total accuracy of the texture feature model in classifying fibrosis were 91.9%, 83.9%, and 88.2%, respectively.Conclusion:This study shows proof of concept that accurate, noninvasive classification of liver fibrosis is possible by applying quantitative texture analysis to double contrast‐enhanced MRI. Further studies are needed in independent cohorts of subjects. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;36:1154–1161. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
HCCRBP‐3 induces tumorigenesis through direct interaction with HCCR‐1 in human cancers
Authors: Ha Seon Ah , Kim Hyun Kee , Yoo Jin Ah , Kim Sanghee , Shin Seung Min , Gong Gi‐Hwan , Lee Yun Kyung , Kim Jin Woo 
Published: July 2012

AbstractHuman cervical cancer oncogene 1, HCCR‐1, is over‐expressed in various human tumors and appears to serve as a negative regulator of the p53 gene. HCCR‐1 transgenic mice developed breast cancers but it is unknown how HCCR‐1 contributes to tumorigenesis. We identified the HCCR‐1 binding protein 3 (HCCRBP‐3) as a binding partner for HCCR‐1. These two proteins co‐localized to the mitochondria. HCCRBP‐3 over‐expressed in various human tumors converted normal cells into tumor cells in vitro. Nude mice injected with NIH/3T3 cells stably transfected with HCCRBP‐3 also induced the tumor formation. In addition, p53 showed the functional impairment in HCCRBP‐3‐transfected cells as accompanied with defective induction of p21 and bax. In support of this, p21 promoter activities containing p53 responsive elements were inhibited by HCCRBP‐3 in a dose‐dependent manner. Therefore, our study suggests that HCCRBP‐3 contributes to the HCCR‐1 induced tumorigenesis by interrupting the p53 function. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Combined gradient‐stochastic optimization with negative circular masks for large deformation topologies
Authors: Saxena Anupam , Sauer Roger.A. 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYTopology optimization of large deformation two‐dimensional continua is presented using a combined gradient‐stochastic search with negative circular masks. The possibility of generating perfect black and white topologies is explored while attaining the efficiency of first‐order and second‐order search algorithms. The design region is modeled with honeycomb tessellation to thwart the known connectivity singularities such as the checkerboards and point flexures. Mask shrinkage is incorporated for ease in density transition between gradient and stochastic steps. Notches at continuum boundaries are moderated through multiple use of a simple boundary smoothing method. A neo‐Hookean elasticity model is employed to simulate the material nonlinearities in large displacement continua. With examples on stiff beams and large deformation compliant mechanisms, it is illustrated that perfectly binary, connected and smooth topologies can be obtained within a few hundred design evaluations.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prognostic MicroRNAs in Cancer Tissue from Patients Operated for Pancreatic Cancer—Five MicroRNAs in a Prognostic Index
Authors: Schultz Nicolai A. , Andersen Klaus K. , Roslind Anne , Willenbrock Hanni , Wøjdemann Morten , Johansen Julia S. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the present study was to identify a panel of microRNAs (miRNAs) that can predict overall survival (OS) in non micro‐dissected cancer tissues from patients operated for pancreatic cancer (PC).MethodsMiRNAs were purified from formalin‐fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) cancer tissue from 225 patients operated for PC. Only a few of those patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. Expressions of miRNAs were determined with the TaqMan MicroRNA Array v2.0. Two statistical methods, univariate selection and the Lasso (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator) method, were applied in conjunction with the Cox proportional hazard model to relate miRNAs to OS.ResultsHigh expression of miR‐212 and miR‐675 and low expression of miR‐148a*, miR‐187, and let‐7g* predicted short OS independent of age, gender, calendar year of operation, KRAS mutation status, tumor stage, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, localization (not miR‐148a*), and differentiation of tumor. A prognostic index (PI) based on these five miRNAs was calculated for each patient. The median survival was 1.09 years (Confidence Interval [CI] 0.98–1.43) for PI > median PI compared to 2.23 years (CI 1.84–4.36) for PI < median. MiR‐212, miR‐675, miR‐187, miR‐205, miR‐944, miR‐431, miR‐194*, miR‐148a*, and miR‐769‐5p showed the strongest prediction ability by the Lasso method. Thus miR‐212, miR‐675, miR‐187, and miR‐148a* were predictors for OS in both statistical methods.ConclusionsThe combination of five miRNAs expression in non micro‐dissected FFPE PC tissue can identify patients with short OS after radical surgery. The results are independent of chemotherapy treatment. Patients with a prognostic index > median had a very short median OS of only 1 year.
Mortality After Esophageal and Gastric Cancer Resection
Authors: Fedeli Ugo , Schievano Elena , Lisiero Manola 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackgroundContrasting findings on trends and determinants of operative mortality after surgery for esophageal and gastric cancer have been reported from population‐based studies.MethodsDischarge records of residents in the Veneto Region (northeastern Italy) with a diagnosis of esophageal or gastric cancer and intervention codes for esophagectomy or gastrectomy were extracted for the years 2000–2009. In‐hospital, 30‐day, 90‐day, and perioperative (30‐day + in‐hospital) mortality were computed. The influence of patient and hospital variables on in‐hospital mortality was assessed through multilevel models.ResultsOverall, 6,500 resections were performed in the period of 2000–2009, with a 10 % decline in the second half of the study period. In‐hospital mortality was 4.6 % (5.3 % in 2000–2004 and 3.8 % in 2005–2009) and was higher for extended total gastrectomy and total esophagectomy. In 2005–2009 mortality declined for all resection types except extended total gastrectomy (8.0 %). For esophageal procedures, 30‐day mortality was lower than in‐hospital or perioperative mortality. A protective effect of procedural volume was found for esophageal but not for gastric resections; among gastric procedures, mortality was higher in male patients and in extended total gastrectomy patients.ConclusionsAnalyses of discharge records allowed investigation at a population level of time trends (downward mainly for esophageal resections) and determinants of perioperative mortality (hospital volume, gender, and procedure type).
Relationship duration moderation of identity status differences in emerging adults' same‐sex friendship intimacy
Authors: Johnson H. Durell 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTPrevious research has not yielded consistent identity and intimacy associations for female and male emerging adults. Intimacy varies with time spent in a relationship, and relationship duration may explain variations in the identity process association with intimacy. Data from 278 female and 156 male emerging adults revealed relationship duration moderated the identity commitment and exploration associations with intimacy. Findings indicated longer relationship duration was associated with lower intimacy levels for high identity commitment/high exploration females, and longer relationship duration was associated with higher intimacy levels for high commitment/low exploration females. Findings also indicated longer relationship duration was associated with higher intimacy levels for high commitment/high exploration males, and longer relationship duration was associated with lower intimacy levels for low commitment/high exploration males. Findings are discussed with regards to the empirical importance of considering relationship characteristics when examining emerging adult identity process associations with friendship intimacy.
Putative Chitin Synthases from Branchiostoma Floridae Show Extracellular Matrix-Related Domains and Mosaic Structures
Authors: Guerriero Gea 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
The transition from unicellular to multicellular life forms requires the development of a specialized structural component, the extracellular matrix (ECM). In Metazoans, there are two main supportive systems, which are based on chitin and collagen/hyaluronan, respectively. Chitin is the major constituent of fungal cell walls and arthropod exoskeleton. However, presence of chitin/chitooligosaccharides has been reported in lower chordates and during specific stages of vertebrate development. In this study, the occurrence of chitin synthases (CHSs) was investigated with a bioinformatics approach in the cephalochordate Branchiostoma floridae, in which the presence of chitin was initially reported in the skeletal rods of the pharyngeal gill basket. Twelve genes coding for proteins containing conserved amino acid residues of processive glycosyltransferases from GT2 family were found and 10 of them display mosaic structures with novel domains never reported previously in a chitin synthase. In particular, the presence of a discoidin (DS) and a sterile alpha motif (SAM) domain was found in nine identified proteins. Sequence analyses and homology modelling suggest that these domains might interact with the extracellular matrix and mediate protein–protein interaction. The multi-domain putative chitin synthases from B. floridae constitute an emblematic example of the explosion of domain innovation and shuffling which predate Metazoans.
The moderating role of emotional differentiation on satiation
Authors: Poor Morgan , Duhachek Adam , Krishnan Shanker 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPeople tend to like experiences less the more they repeat them, a process commonly referred to as satiation. Despite an increasing interest in satiation among consumer researchers, we still know very little about the role that emotions play in the process. Through a series of three experiments, we show paradoxically that when individuals differentiate between the positive and negative emotions that arise during repeated consumption, they satiate at a slower rate. We show that a cognitive re‐appraisal process drives this emotional differentiation effect, whereby, when individuals focus on negative emotions they exhibit increased enjoyment of repeated consumption sequences. We demonstrate these effects for both trait and state emotional differentiation and across both continued and repeated consumption contexts. Theoretical implications of these findings for satiation, emotional differentiation, and emotion regulation literatures are then discussed.
AN ALGEBRAIC-METRIC EQUIVALENCE RELATION OVER p-ADIC FIELDS
Authors: VÂJÂITU MARIAN , ZAHARESCU ALEXANDRU 
Published: July 2012

AbstractLet p be a prime number, Qp the field of p-adic numbers, K a finite field extension of Qp, K a fixed algebraic closure of K and Cp the completion of K with respect to the p-adic valuation. We introduce and investigate an equivalence relation on Cp, defined in terms of field extensions and metric properties of Galois orbits over K.
Susceptibility of the individual caseins in reconstituted skim milk to cross-linking by transglutaminase: influence of temperature, pH and mineral equilibria
Authors: Hinz Katharina , Huppertz Thom , Kelly Alan L. 
Published: July 2012

The susceptibility of total casein and the individual caseins in reconstituted skim milk to transglutaminase (TGase)-induced cross-linking was studied as a function of incubation temperature (5–40 °C), pH (5·0–7·0) and mineral addition. Within the ranges studied, the level of total casein cross-linked increased with increasing temperature, pH and concentration of added trisodium citrate, whereas adding calcium chloride had the opposite effect. These effects can be largely related to the effects of these parameters on TGase activity. In addition, the parameters were also found to influence the susceptibility of κ-casein, and to a lesser extent β-casein, to cross-linking, whereas the susceptibility of αs1-casein was not affected. The susceptibility of κ-casein to cross-linking increased with increasing temperature and calcium chloride addition, but decreased with increasing pH and citrate content, whereas the susceptibility of β-casein to TGase-induced cross-linking decreased with increasing temperature, but was not affected by other parameters. These findings highlight the fact that selection of environmental conditions during cross-linking can be applied to tailor the surface, and hence possibly colloidal stability, of casein micelles in TGase-treated milk.
Reduced cortical call to arms differentiates psychopathy from antisocial personality disorder
Authors: Drislane L. E. , Vaidyanathan U. , Patrick C. J. 
Published: July 2012

BackgroundPsychopathy and antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) are both characterized by impulsive, externalizing behaviors. Researchers have argued, however, that psychopathy is distinguished from ASPD by the presence of interpersonal–affective features that reflect an underlying deficit in emotional sensitivity. No study to date has tested for differential relations of these disorders with the brain's natural orienting response to sudden aversive events.MethodElectroencephalography was used to assess cortical reactivity to abrupt noise probes presented during the viewing of pleasant, neutral and unpleasant pictures in 140 incarcerated males diagnosed using the Psychopathy Checklist – Revised and DSM-IV criteria for ASPD. The primary dependent measure was the P3 event-related potential response to the noise probes.ResultsPsychopaths showed significantly smaller amplitude of P3 response to noise probes across trials of all types compared with non-psychopaths. Follow-up analyses revealed that this overall reduction was attributable specifically to the affective–interpersonal features of psychopathy. By contrast, no group difference in general amplitude of probe P3 was evident for ASPD versus non-ASPD participants.ConclusionsThe findings demonstrate a reduced cortical orienting response to abrupt aversive stimuli in participants exhibiting features of psychopathy that are distinct from ASPD. The specificity of the observed effect fits with the idea that these distinctive features of psychopathy reflect a deficit in defensive reactivity, or mobilization of the brain's defensive system, in the context of threat cues.
Threat bias in attention orienting: evidence of specificity in a large community-based study
Authors: Salum G. A. , Mogg K. , Bradley B. P. , Gadelha A. , Pan P. , Tamanaha A. C. , Moriyama T. , Graeff-Martins A. S. , Jarros R. B. , Polanczyk G. , do Rosário M. C. , Leibenluft E. , Rohde L. A. , Manfro G. G. , Pine D. S. 
Published: July 2012

BackgroundPreliminary research implicates threat-related attention biases in paediatric anxiety disorders. However, major questions exist concerning diagnostic specificity, effects of symptom-severity levels, and threat-stimulus exposure durations in attention paradigms. This study examines these issues in a large, community school-based sample.MethodA total of 2046 children (ages 6–12 years) were assessed using the Development and Well Being Assessment (DAWBA), Childhood Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and dot-probe tasks. Children were classified based on presence or absence of ‘fear-related’ disorders, ‘distress-related’ disorders, and behavioural disorders. Two dot-probe tasks, which differed in stimulus exposure, assessed attention biases for happy-face and threat-face cues. The main analysis included 1774 children.ResultsFor attention bias scores, a three-way interaction emerged among face-cue emotional valence, diagnostic group, and internalizing symptom severity (F = 2.87, p < 0.05). This interaction reflected different associations between internalizing symptom severity and threat-related attention bias across diagnostic groups. In children with no diagnosis (n = 1411, mean difference = 11.03, s.e. = 3.47, df = 1, p < 0.001) and those with distress-related disorders (n = 66, mean difference = 10.63, s.e. = 5.24, df = 1, p < 0.05), high internalizing symptoms predicted vigilance towards threat. However, in children with fear-related disorders (n = 86, mean difference = −11.90, s.e. = 5.94, df = 1, p < 0.05), high internalizing symptoms predicted an opposite tendency, manifesting as greater bias away from threat. These associations did not emerge in the behaviour-disorder group (n = 211).ConclusionsThe association between internalizing symptoms and biased orienting varies with the nature of developmental psychopathology. Both the form and severity of psychopathology moderates threat-related attention biases in children.
Protecting Culture and Marine Ecosystems Under the Law in Micronesia
Authors: Edwards Sam 
Published: July 2012

AbstractTraditional culture and marine ecosystems are two important resources that are disappearing at alarming rates worldwide. Islands are places where culture and the marine environment are intertwined and offer the best locales to address this threat. Disasters such as shipwrecks and oil spills damage both culture and the environment, yet the legal system does not permit full recovery. This research advances a new tort theory of cultural and ecosystem damage to compensate victims in marine damage cases. Specifically this research investigates theories of recovery in the Federated States of Micronesia since Micronesia is in an ideal position to recognize this new damage theory. Micronesia can help establish precedents that other jurisdictions can follow to help preserve the culture and the marine ecosystems upon which they rely.
The First Years of the Aberration-Corrected Electron Microscopy Century
Authors: Batson Philip E. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAberration correction, after a 50 year incubation period of developing ideas and techniques while awaiting enabling technology, has transformed electron microscopy during the first dozen years of the 21st century. Some of the conditions that accompanied this transformation, the required complexity and its effect on the way microscopy is pursued, recent results that promise to change the field, and directions for the future are briefly described.
Ad Hoc Auto-Tuning of Aberrations Using High-Resolution STEM Images by Autocorrelation Function
Authors: Sawada Hidetaka , Watanabe Masashi , Chiyo Izuru 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA method for measurement of the aberration status from high-resolution dark-field images is developed using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), called the Segmented Image Autocorrelation function Matrix (SIAM). The method employs an autocorrelation function from the segmented area in the defocused STEM images from an aligned crystalline specimen to measure the defocus and twofold astigmatism for the probe-forming system. The values measured using this method can be fed directly back to the instrument by changing the strength of the stigmator and the objective lens of the microscope. It is successfully demonstrated that the feedback system can automatically correct the defocus and twofold astigmatism of the microscope after several iterations using practical STEM images from an actual crystalline specimen.
Jammin' an Ending: Creativity, Knowledge, and Conduct among Jazz Musicians
Authors: DOFFMAN MARK 
Published: July 2012

AbstractResearch into musical creativity has hitherto involved highly disparate approaches and has taken place largely at the level of the individual. As a result, creativity has tended to be interpreted in terms of either expressive behaviour(s) in performance or ineffable innovation. In the meantime, however, a tranche of interdisciplinary research has moved towards a more collaborative understanding of creativity. With reference to that research, this article analyses the performance of a jazz standard played at a jam session in London. In exploring this unplanned moment of collaborative creativity, the study looks at the relationship between the mundane shaping of an ending and its occurrence within a cultural tradition that demands inventiveness on the part of performers. From an examination of the different sets of cultural knowledge on which musicians draw and an analysis of the momentary interactive conduct of the performers we obtain a view of creativity as an emergent amalgam – a shifting blend of knowledge and conduct that works to bring a song to a close.