bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional Regulatory Circuitries in the Human Pathogen Candida albicans Involving Sense–Antisense Interactions
Authors: Ahmad Ausaf , Kravets Anatoliy , Rustchenko Elena 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Candida albicans, a major human fungal pathogen, usually contains a diploid genome, but controls adaptation to a toxic alternative carbon source L-sorbose, by the reversible loss of one chromosome 5 (Ch5). We have previously identified multiple unique regions on Ch5 that repress the growth on sorbose. In one of the regions, the CSU51 gene determining the repressive property of the region was identified. We report here the identification of the CSU53 gene from a different region on Ch5. Most importantly, we find that CSU51 and CSU53 are associated with novel regulatory elements, ASUs, which are embedded within CSUs in an antisense configuration. ASUs act opposite to CSUs by enhancing the growth on sorbose. In respect to the CSU transcripts, the ASU long antisense transcripts are in lesser amounts, are completely overlapped, and are inversely related. ASUs interact with CSUs in natural CSU/ASU cis configurations, as well as when extra copies of ASUs are placed in trans to the CSU/ASU configurations. We suggest that ASU long embedded antisense transcripts modulate CSU sense transcripts.
Computerized Neurocognitive Testing for the Management of Sport-Related Concussions
Authors: Meehan William P. , d’Hemecourt Pierre , Collins Christy L. , Taylor Alex M. , Comstock R. Dawn 
Published: December 2011

Objectives:
To describe the prevalence of computerized neurocognitive testing for the assessment of high school athletes who sustain concussions, and to describe associations between using computerized neurocognitive tests, timing of return-to-play, and medical provider managing the athlete.

Methods:
Concussions recorded in the High School Reporting Information Online injury surveillance system during the 2009–2010 academic year were included. Measures of association between use of computerized neurocognitive testing and outcomes were analyzed. A questionnaire was sent to athletic trainers (ATs) querying the use of computerized neurocognitive testing. χ2 analyses were conducted for categorical variables. Logistic regression analyses were used to adjust for potential confounders. Statistical significance was set at P &lt; .05.

Results:
High School Reporting Information Online recorded 1056 concussions. Athletes who underwent computerized neurocognitive testing were less likely to be returned to play within 10 days of injury (38.5% vs 55.7%, P &lt; .001) and more likely to be returned to play by a physician (60.9% vs 45.6%, P &lt; .001). We had a response rate of 97.3% for the survey. Of respondents, 39.9% used computerized neurocognitive testing; 93.0% of those used ImPACT. Tests were most often interpreted by ATs (78.9%) and/or physicians (78.8%), as opposed to neuropsychologists (16.9%).

Conclusions:
Approximately 40% of US high schools that employ an AT use computerized neurocognitive tests when managing sport-related concussions. Tests are most often interpreted by ATs and physicians, as opposed to neuropsychologists. Computerized neurocognitive tests are significantly associated with the timing of return-to-play.
Coming Home From Jail: The Social and Health Consequences of Community Reentry for Women, Male Adolescents, and Their Families and Communities
Authors: Freudenberg Nicholas , Daniels Jessie , Crum Martha , Perkins Tiffany , Richie Beth E. 
Published: December 2011

Each year, more than 10 million people enter US jails, most returning home within a few weeks. Because jails concentrate people with infectious and chronic diseases, substance abuse, and mental health problems, and reentry policies often exacerbate these problems, the experiences of people leaving jail may contribute to health inequities in the low-income communities to which they return. Our study of the experiences in the year after release of 491 adolescent males and 476 adult women returning home from New York City jails shows that both populations have low employment rates and incomes and high rearrest rates. Few received services in jail. However, overall drug use and illegal activity declined significantly in the year after release. Postrelease employment and health insurance were associated with lower rearrest rates and drug use. Public policies on employment, drug treatment, housing, and health care often blocked successful reentry into society from jail, suggesting the need for new policies that support successful reentry into society.
Racial/Ethnic Discrimination and Health: Findings From Community Studies
Authors: Williams David R. , Neighbors Harold W. , Jackson James S. 
Published: December 2011

The authors review the available empirical evidence from population-based studies of the association between perceptions of racial/ethnic discrimination and health. This research indicates that discrimination is associated with multiple indicators of poorer physical and, especially, mental health status. However, the extant research does not adequately address whether and how exposure to discrimination leads to increased risk of disease. Gaps in the literature include limitations linked to measurement of discrimination, research designs, and inattention to the way in which the association between discrimination and health unfolds over the life course. Research on stress points to important directions for the future assessment of discrimination and the testing of the underlying processes and mechanisms by which discrimination can lead to changes in health.
A Survey of Consumer Information Privacy from the Accounting Information Systems Perspective
Authors: Kauffman Robert J. , Lee Yong J. , Prosch Marilyn , Steinbart Paul J. 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTThe information privacy of consumers is an important public policy issue in today's society, and one that businesses, industries, and governments are continuing to struggle with as information technology (IT) innovations create ever-stronger impacts. In this article, we explore consumer information privacy issues and review the results of related prior research. We provide a survey of the literature on information privacy based on our assessment from: (1) the societal and public policy perspective, (2) the business practices perspective, and (3) the individual privacy and consumer behavior perspectives that relate to the disclosure of private information by individuals to firms. From the societal and public policy perspective, we identify a number of research directions that relate to the social welfare implications of personal information surveillance, the safeguards needed at the societal level, and the nature of privacy-enhancing regulations. From the business practices perspective, we suggest other research directions that involve the examination of factors influencing organizational choices of privacy practices. We also offer some ways to discover how organizations can leverage their investments in information privacy. The individual and consumer behavior perspective, in turn, prompts Accounting Information Systems (AIS) researchers to look at the nature of people's beliefs and attitudes about privacy; the ways such attitudes affect their intentions and behaviors; and how individuals' behaviors can be influenced by organizational privacy policies and practices. The main contribution of this article is to understand these issues and identify opportunities for AIS researchers to enrich the current body of knowledge on this critical topic.
Deep brain stimulation in children: experience and technical pearls
Authors: Air Ellen L. , Ostrem Jill L. , Sanger Terence D. , Starr Philip A. 
Published: December 2011

Object
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established technique for the treatment of several movement disorders in adults. However, the technical approach, complications, and results of DBS in children have not been well documented.

Methods
A database of DBS implantations performed at a single institution, prospectively established in 1998, was reviewed for patients who received DBS prior to the age of 18. Diagnoses, surgical technique, and complications were noted. Outcomes were assessed using standard rating scales of neurological function.

Results
Of 815 patients undergoing DBS implantation over a 12-year period, 31 were children (mean age at surgery 13.2 years old, range 4–17 years old). Diagnoses included the following: DYT1 primary dystonia (autosomal dominant, Tor1AΔGAG mutation, 10 cases), non-DYT1 primary dystonia (3 cases), secondary dystonia (11 cases), neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA, 3 cases), levodopa-responsive parkinsonism (2 cases), Lesch-Nyhan disease (1 case), and glutaric aciduria Type 1 (1 case). Six children ages 15–17 years old underwent awake microelectrode-guided surgery. For 25 children operated under general anesthesia, the surgical technique evolved from microelectrode-guided surgery to image-guided surgeries using real-time intraoperative MR imaging or CT for lead location confirmation. Complications included 5 hardware infections, all in children younger than 10 years old. At 1 year after implantation, patients with DYT1 dystonia had a mean improvement in the Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale movement subscore of 75%, while those with secondary dystonia had only small improvements. Outcomes in the 3 children with NBIA were disappointing.

Conclusions
Results of DBS in children with primary and secondary dystonias were similar to those in adults, with excellent results for DYT1 dystonia in children without fixed orthopedic deformity and much more modest results in secondary dystonia. In contrast to reported experience in adults with NBIA, these results in children with NBIA were poor. Infection risk was highest in the youngest patients.
Données nouvelles sur le gisement paléolithique moyen de Piégu (Pléneuf-Val-André, Côtes-du-Nord)
Authors: Monnier Jean-Laurent , Amoureux Patrick , Clément Jacques-Henri , Pincemin Serge 
Published: December 2011

The settlement of Piégu is an old rock shelter at the bottom of a cliff which was frequented on a marine recessive period. It was very well situated and aspected.
The industry is mainly of flint and has been collected on the beach. lts outstanding features are a levalloisian technique, a very distinctive levalloisian facies (particularly numerous levalloisian points), well-made side-scrappers, a lot of natural backed-knives, the rarity of notehes, denticulates, retouched backed-knives and tools of Upper Palaeolithic type, and also the presence of infrequent hand-axes (of Acheulian type).
The saalian age of the settlement seems to be proved by the geological study of the site. The industry could be compared to an Old Middle Palaeolithic or to an «Epi-Acheulian».
Les marques digitées apposées sur les matériaux de construction gallo-romains en argile cuite
Authors: Goulpeau Louis , Le Ny Françoise 
Published: December 2011

Frequently, roman bricks and tiles show finger-made marks called signature in the english archaeological littérature.
We study successively the technical aspect of their drawing, the variations of the proportion of marked materials according to the différent types of these (observed on both production or domestic sites) or between the different workshops, hypothesis on the real function of the signature.
We show how a typological organized description of signatures is necessary and how the metrology of these marks plays a part in a possible classification. The recording of the marks shows the large field covered by the different models but the predominence of certain type of signature emerges of the statistics.
We propose two examples of possible application of the signature studies : the caracterizing of a production of which the distribution is geographically limited and their share to the understanding of the evolution of workshop structures.
Locoweed dose responses to nitrogen: Positive for biomass and primary physiology, but inconsistent for an alkaloid
Authors: Delaney Kevin J. , Klypina Nina , Maruthavanan Janakiraman , Lange Carol , Sterling Tracy M. 
Published: December 2011

• Premise of the Study: Plant communities may be influenced by toxic secondary metabolites or enhanced plant growth from plant–symbiont interactions. The C:N hypothesis predicts that carbon or nitrogen constrains plant secondary metabolite production, but it does not consider compounds produced by plant symbionts. Locoweeds are legumes that can have fungal endophyte alkaloid (swainsonine [SWA]) production, which causes livestock poisoning. We studied four locoweed taxa to test whether average SWA concentrations influenced SWA positive dose responses to N fertilizer.• Methods: We measured locoweed leaf SWA, pigment concentrations and photosynthetic activity, and plant biomass dose responses to N supplementation for 3 mo in two greenhouse experiments.• Key Results: Leaf photosynthesis, leaf pigment concentrations, and plant biomass had positive, unsaturated dose responses across tested N doses. Although N enhanced primary growth, two moderate‐SWA taxa (Astragalus mollissimus var. bigelovii and Oxytropis sericea) had negative SWA dose responses to increasing N, the high‐SWA taxon (A. moll. var. mollissimus) had no SWA change, and the very low‐SWA taxon (A. moll. var. matthewsii) had a transient positive dose response.• Conclusions: Supplemented N led to positive dose responses for plant biomass and leaf photosynthesis and pigments, but SWA dose responses differed across locoweed taxa and time. At N levels that enhanced plant growth and reduced antioxidant protective systems, fungal endophyte alkaloid production was not strongly influenced. Production of SWA may be more strongly influenced by factors other than C:N supply (e.g., seasonality, plant age) in the locoweed–endophyte–Rhizobium complex.
Pharmacokinetics and Antiviral Activity of Phx1766, a Novel HCV Protease Inhibitor, Using An Accelerated Phase I Study Design
Authors: Hotho Daphne M , de Bruijne Joep , O'Farrell A Marie , Boyea Teresa , Li Jianke , Bracken Michele , Li Xin , Campbell David , Guler Hans-Peter , Weegink Christine J , Schinkel Janke , Molenkamp Richard , van de Wetering de Rooij Jeroen , van Vliet Andre , Janssen Harry LA , de Knegt Robert J , Reesink Hendrik W 
Published: December 2011

Background PHX1766 is a novel HCV NS3/4 protease inhibitor with robust potency and high selectivity in replicon studies (50% maximal effective concentration 8 nM). Two clinical trials investigated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and antiviral activity of PHX1766 in healthy volunteers (HV) and chronic hepatitis C patients, by use of a dose-adaptive overlapping clinical trial design. Methods Two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials were conducted. Single doses of PHX1766 or placebo were administered to 25 HV and six HCV genotype 1-infected patients (50 mg once daily –1,000 mg once daily, 250 mg twice daily and 100 mg of a new formulation of PHX1766 once daily). Multiple doses of PHX1766 or placebo were administered to 32 HV and seven HCV genotype 1-infected patients (50 mg once daily –800 mg twice daily). Results Oral administration of PHX1766 was safe and well tolerated at all dose levels with rapid absorption (time at which concentration maximum is reached of 1–4 h) and with mean terminal half-lives of 4–23 h. Multiple doses of PHX1766 800 mg twice daily in HCV patients produced an area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time of drug administration to the last time point with a measurable concentration after dosing accumulation ratio of 2.3. The mean maximal observed HCV RNA decline was 0.6 log10 IU/ml in the first 24 h in the single-dose protocol and 1.5 log10 IU/ml after 6 days of PHX1766 dosing. Conclusions An overlapping, dose-adaptive single-dose and multiple-dose escalating design in HV and HCV-infected patients proved to be highly efficient in identifying a therapeutic dose. Although in vitro replicon studies indicated a robust HCV RNA viral decline of PHX1766, the study in HCV patients demonstrated only modest viral load reduction.
Stoïcisme et jugement littéraire au Ier siècle avant J.-C. : le témoignage de Denys d’Halicarnasse
Authors: Lévy-Makinson Mélina 
Published: December 2011

Intégré au cercle des Aelii Tuberones, famille romaine d’obédience stoïcienne, l’historien et rhéteur Denys d’Halicarnasse était familier des théories du Portique : de fait, les théories stoïciennes sur le langage constituaient un intérêt certain pour les recherches stylistiques de Denys, comme en témoignent ses Opuscules Rhétoriques. D’autre part, sa réflexion reflète des enjeux importants du débat littéraire du Ier siècle avant J.-C. à Rome. Atticiste convaincu, Denys rédige ainsi deux traités (Sur Thucydide et la Seconde lettre à Ammée) en réaction contre les admirateurs stoïciens de l’auteur de la Guerre du Péloponnèse. Notre auteur développe pour sa part un « atticisme stoïcisant » qui s’adosse à une conception de l’Empire réconciliant Grecs et Romains.
Typologie des erreurs de production d’anglais des francophones : segments vs. suprasegments
Authors: Capliez Marc 
Published: December 2011

Il n’est pas rare d’entendre des étudiants français affirmer que la prononciation de l’anglais est trop « difficile », trop « irrégulière », ou simplement trop « différente ». Ceci est confirmé au vu des notes de phonétique médiocres obtenues par bon nombre d’étudiants en licence d’anglais, la phonétique étant d’ailleurs considérée comme la matière la plus difficile par beaucoup. Pourtant, tous les êtres humains possèdent les mêmes organes vocaux, c’est pourquoi il serait faux de dire qu’il existe des sons imprononçables par les locuteurs de telle ou telle langue. Diverses raisons permettent d’expliquer les difficultés qu’ont les apprenants avec la prononciation de l’anglais, tant du point de vue segmental que suprasegmental. Cet article de synthèse se propose d’étudier les erreurs récurrentes de prononciation de l’anglais, grâce à une analyse des différences et difficultés auxquelles sont confrontés les apprenants francophones, dont les systèmes phonémique et prosodique présentent des divergences significatives avec la langue cible. La typologie des erreurs ainsi formée permettra de dresser une comparaison entre l’importance et le rôle des segments et des suprasegments dans l’intelligibilité du discours, problème encore peu exploré.
Le mythe de la démonstrabilité résiste-t-il encore ? Remarques sur l’orientation des réponses anonymes
Authors: Basso Paola 
Published: December 2011

La Preisfrage de 1763 était, à l’époque, incroyablement actuelle. En effet, autour de 1761, à l’Académie de Berlin et en dehors d’elle, une somme de facteurs vint menacer la supériorité incontestée de la méthode démonstrative. Même si l’optimisme suscité par les mathématiques était encore victorieux, le paradigme de la certitude absolue était imperceptiblement en train de se transformer. On se distanciait d’un certain cartésianisme et, pour utiliser le mot de Voltaire, au « compas de la mathématique » on ajoutait « le flambeau de l’expérience ». On jugeait le réquisit pur de la déduction logique trop élevé pour l’entendement humain, et l’on avait tendance à souligner les traits sensibles du plan syntaxique des figures géométriques ou des preuves des faits. Cette circonspection concernant la rhétorique de la démonstrationest bien visible dans les pages anonymes des réponses à cette Preisfrage : la plupart sont favorables à l’évidence géométrique en métaphysique, mais le scepticisme vis à vis des démonstrations mathématiques inflexibles est palpable. Le pruritus demonstrandi contenait-il déjà en lui-même, par son outrance, le germe du futur dédain pour les démonstrations en philosophie ?
Nurse-Led Implementation of a Safe and Effective Intravenous Insulin Protocol in a Medical Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Khalaila Rabia , Libersky Eugene , Catz Dina , Pomerantsev Elina , Bayya Abed , Linton David M. , Sviri Sigal 
Published: December 2011

BackgroundRecent evidence has linked tight glucose control to worsened clinical outcomes among adults in intensive care units.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a nurse-led intravenous insulin protocol designed to achieve conservative blood glucose control in patients in a medical intensive care unit.MethodsA nurse-led intravenous insulin protocol was developed, targeting blood glucose levels at 110 to 149 mg/dL. Hypoglycemia was defined as a blood glucose level less than 70 mg/dL. Patients admitted to the medical intensive care unit who required an insulin infusion were enrolled in the study. Blood glucose levels in those patients were compared with levels in 153 historical control patients admitted to the unit in the 12 months before the protocol was implemented who required an insulin infusion.ResultsNinety-six patients were enrolled and treated with the protocol. The protocol and control groups had similar characteristics at baseline. More measurements in the protocol group than in the control group (46.3% vs 36.1%, P&lt;.001) were within the target glucose range (110–149 mg/dL). Hyperglycemia (blood glucose ≥200 mg/dL) occurred less often in the protocol group than in the control group (14.8% vs 20.1%, P=.003). Hypoglycemic events (blood glucose &lt;70 mg/dL) also occurred less often in the protocol group (0.07% vs 0.83%, P&lt;.001).ConclusionsImplementation of a nurse-led, conservative intravenous insulin protocol in the medical intensive care unit is effective and safe and markedly reduces the rate of hypoglycemia.
Evaluation of a Wellness-Based Mindfulness Stress Reduction Intervention: A Controlled Trial
Authors: Williams Kimberly A. , Kolar Maria M. , Reger Bill E. , Pearson John C. 
Published: December 2011

Purpose. To determine if participation in a Wellness-Based Mindfulness Stress Reduction intervention decreases the effect of daily hassles, psychological distress, and medical symptoms. Design. A randomized controlled trial of a stress reduction intervention with a 3-month follow-up. Setting. A university setting in West Virginia. Subjects. A total of 103 adults, with 59 in the intervention group and 44 in the control group. Eight-five percent of subjects completed the intervention. Fifty-nine percent and 61% of the intervention and control subjects completed the study, respectively. Intervention. The intervention consisted of an 8-week group stress reduction program in which subjects learned, practiced, and applied “mindfulness meditation” to daily life situations. The control group received educational materials and were encouraged to use community resources for stress management. Measures. The Daily Stress Inventory assessed the effect of daily hassles, the Revised Hopkins Symptom Checklist measured psychological distress, the Medical Symptom Checklist measured number of medical symptoms, and a Follow-up Questionnaire measured program adherence. Results. Intervention subjects reported significant decreases from baseline in effect of daily hassles (24%), psychological distress, (44%), and medical symptoms (46%) that were maintained at the 3-month follow-up compared to control subjects (repeated measures analysis of variance [ANOVA]; p < .05). Conclusions. Self-selected community residents can improve their mental and physical health by participating in a stress reduction intervention offered by a university wellness program.