bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain functional training: a perspective article
Authors: Da Silva-Grigoletto Marzo Edir , Pereira-Monteiro Marcos Raphael , Aragão-Santos José Carlos , Vasconcelos Alan Bruno Silva , Marcos-Pardo Pablo Jorge , Fortes Leonardo de Sousa 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Physical exercise (PE) positively affects the nervous system, impacting morphology and physiology. It increases brain gray and white matter, improves cerebral blood flow, and stimulates neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and angiogenesis, promoting brain function. Although exercise already affects cognition, some training modalities place greater demands on the cognitive aspects of physical exercise, such as perceptual-motor and visual-motor training. This type of approach aims to emphasize the cognitive adaptations that occur chronically. Specifically for older people, functional training, a multi-component approach, is a promising exercise modality that stimulates functionality using multi-joint, multi-planar exercises mirroring daily activities. However, applying a greater focus on cognitive adaptations in line with the functional training proposal for maximal benefits remains underexplored.Aim: Thus, this perspective article initially explores different exercise approaches emphasizing cognitive adaptations and proposes Brain Functional Training to improve older adult’s functionality.Methods: Furthermore, we explain how brain functional training can be explored to emphasize cognitive aspects based on increasing complexity to stimulate the executive function and its subdomains.Conclusion: This proposal is one alternative to combining motor and cognitive stimuli to promote autonomy and health in older people.
The factors associated with the knowledge of brushing teeth with fluoridated toothpaste among high school students in Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Kassim Saba , Alsharif Alla T. 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveThe use of fluoridated toothpaste (FT) is essential for controlling caries. This analytical cross-sectional study aimed to determine the proportion of students who brushed their teeth with fluoridated toothpaste/or do not know the content at least once a day and to determine the factors associated with the knowledge of brushing teeth with FT.MethodsAn anonymous questionnaire was distributed during the academic year 2019–2020 among 439 high school students. The data collected included sociodemographic characteristics and oral-health–related variables [e.g., brushing teeth, knowledge of the effect of fluoride on caries (KEFC) and dental service utilisation (DSU)]. The dependent variable was the knowledge of using FT when brushing teeth (Yes or do not know). Descriptive, bivariate, and logistic regression analysis were performed.ResultsThe response rate was 98% (n = 432) and usable data was 88% (n = 385). The median (IQR) age of the students was 16.00 (1) years, and 190 (47%) were males. Eighty eight percent of the students brushed their teeth with toothpaste daily with no knowledge of toothpaste content and only 86 (21.8%) knew the content of the toothpaste used for brushing their teeth i.e., FT. The multivariable analyses revealed an association of family income and KEFC with brushing teeth with FT [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.98, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14–3.43, p = 0.015 and AOR = 6.11, 95% CI: 3.45–10.83, p &lt; 0.001, respectively].ConclusionsWhile the brushing and use of toothpaste among high school students was common, the knowledge of the content of toothpaste used for brushing teeth was less common and was associated with family income and KEFC.
‘A Rose By Any Other Name’: would re-branding help general practice?
Authors: Cheetirala Tanvi , McNamara Paul 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundPrimary care is a challenging and evolving specialty. We are increasingly dealing with patients who present with complex multi-morbidities and varied constellations of symptoms that we need to masterly unravel with limited time and resources. Yet, how many times have we said or heard ‘just a GP.’AimThis study investigated the attitudes and opinions of primary care professionals towards a change in title to reflect our evolving role.MethodWe conducted a cross-sectional survey from 15 to 22 March 2022. A PubMed literature search was undertaken to formulate a questionnaire that was distributed through an online link to medical students and primary care health professionals.ResultsThere were 401 medical professionals and students who participated in the survey. Overwhelmingly, 95% felt that the public perceives the professional status and qualifications of GPs as inferior to that of hospital consultants. 94% felt hospital colleagues and other health professionals perceived the professional status and qualifications of GPs as inferior to consultants. 90% would support a change in title from GP to consultant in primary care or family medicine consultant (or similar). Many felt this would reflect the evolving role of GPs. 72% felt strongly that the title change would help improve the current GP recruitment crisis.ConclusionGeneral practice is on a knife edge. Real, meaningful changes are needed to avoid a mass exodus of GPs for pastures new. Perhaps changing our title to reflect our expertise in family medicine could be one of many essential measures to improve public and professional perceptions.
Dementia care coordinators in primary care: a realist evaluation
Authors: Abrams Ruth , Spiers Johanna , Maben Jill , Grosvenor Wendy , Touray Morro , Gage Heather 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundA dementia care coordinator (DCC) service has recently been implemented across Kent and Medway Integrated Care Board (ICB). DCCs are provided at the primary care network (PCN) level and work closely with GP practice teams. The service is intended to help service users navigate the care system and provide proactive support to mitigate crisis points. However, the value of this service from key stakeholder perspectives is not yet known.AimTo understand: 1) how the DCC service works, for whom, and in what circumstances; and 2) identify outcomes, resource implications, and costs.MethodThe study uses mixed-methods realist evaluation with an embedded economic component. Data collection includes: questionnaires, service provider metrics, and qualitative interviews with healthcare practitioners and service users. Interpretive comparative analysis and narrative synthesis including evaluation of service costs against outcomes will produce a refined final programme theory. Patient and public involvement have been consulted throughout.ResultsPreliminary results indicate that when embedded in a local practice, healthcare practitioners including GPs welcome DCC involvement. DCCs act as community lynchpins, bridging service users to appropriate care pathways. The service may be capable of increasing diagnosis rates and reducing crisis points. However, caseloads are currently untamed. Therefore, the service and its workforce are becoming over-stretched.ConclusionThis evaluation describes preliminary findings from a recently implemented DCC service in Kent and Medway ICB. There is a crucial need to enhance the support of this workforce in order to ensure sustainability of this service. These findings will inform service development and future investment decisions.
The misuse of cognitive enhancers by medical students: a cross-sectional study using questionnaires
Authors: Nowrouzi Sepideh , Richelle Lou 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundThe misuse of prescription psychostimulants (PPs) is growing among medical students, who are subject to high levels of stress, not least because of a demanding and competitive educational environment.AimTo investigate this phenomenon among medical students in Belgium to identify misuse risk factors.MethodWe conducted a cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire from 7 march 2023 to 3 April 2023. A semi-quantitative questionnaire based on a literature review and consultation with experts was drawn up, including the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and the Big Five Inventory (BFI-10). The questionnaire was administered to 323 final-year medical students (61.9% of whom responded) and comparatively to 325 second-to-last-year students and 205 first-year students (response rate was 36.9% and 18.5%, respectively). Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed with Jamovi (version 2.3.21).ResultsUse of PPs increased over the years. In the final year, 12.6% reported that they had already used PPs to improve their cognitive performance, and 3.6% were currently using them. Various risk factors were associated with the misuse of PPs, including lack of consciousness, sensation-seeking, other substances use, high stress levels, social influence, curriculum high standards perception, and lack of ethical concern regarding the substance use.ConclusionThis study showed that more than one in ten final-year students have used PPs at least once during their studies, which can be explained mainly by challenging medical education context and personality traits. Tailored preventive strategies should be implemented.
Can PPI be used to improve epistemic justice in health research for marginalised groups?
Authors: Megson Molly , Hilton Andrea , DellOlio Myriam , Reeve Joanne 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundThe principle of epistemic justice (EJ) recognises the need for a person’s voice to be both heard (testimonial) and understood (hermeneutic) in the generation of meaning. Funding bodies now require all research to have embedded patient and public involvement (PPI) — an active partnership between patients, carers, and the public with researchers, which influences and shapes research.AimCurrent PPI initiatives potentially enable testimonial justice — ensuring voices are heard. But do they adequately support hermeneutical justice?MethodFirst, a scoping review of published PPI guidance was carried out to describe a current best-practice framework. The framework was then critically reviewed using key concepts described by an EJ understanding of optimising healthcare research for marginalised groups, to consider the potential role of current PPI guidance in supporting epistemically just health research.ResultsAnalysis is ongoing, but the study’s findings describe whether and how current PPI guidelines support and enable the voice of marginalised patient groups to not only be included in research but also to have meaningful impact, including what factors enable and disable tailored care.ConclusionThis study suggests ways in which current PPI methods can be used to best advantage. The authors’ ongoing research is discussed to understand further how EJ concepts might help shape the future of PPI in health research.
Knowledge and representations of sex workers by GPs in Brussels: a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews.
Authors: Boumazouzi Yannis , Huberland Vincent 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundA majority of sex-workers (SWers) do not have a GP aware of their professional activity, which prevents appropriate support to this group. One of the reasons is fear of the doctors’ judgment.AimThe objective of this research is to identify how sex-work is perceived by primary care practitioners, and how they follow-up this public.MethodThis qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with 12 GPs practicing in Brussels was conducted from October 2021 to March 2023.ResultsResults show a lack of understanding of what SW is, of the legal context and of the people who practice it. Doctors know about related health issues, but not about their proportion or origin. The main factor identified as leading to SW is economic insecurity. Sample analysis shows theoretical positions close to a pro-sex stance (néo-réglementarisme).ConclusionThis study demonstrates that primary care doctors’ knowledge of SW is limited, and that these limitations can lead to stigmatisation and suboptimal treatment. The following recommendations are to: draw up a list of doctors who can welcome SWers without being judgmental and make this list available to associations active in the field of SW; co-construct a training course, in partnership with SWers, aimed at GPs (it would include sections on the historical and legal context, the approach to harm reduction and substance abuse, PreP, PEP, and a communication guide); and teach courses on marginalised populations with specific health needs during the initial training of medical students.
‘Needing to be seen and heard’: is this why GPs are educators?
Authors: Sabherwal Rohini 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundRecruitment and retention of undergraduate (UG) GP educators is vital, they are essential to educating the next generation of doctors. The expected loss of GPs as they retire and leave the profession means clinical delivery is under tension; adding to the strain on the number of GP educators. With GP educators numbers decreasing and student numbers increasing, the pressure on the system is growing.AimTo explore the experience of the GP educator, investigate the impact participation in UG medical education has, the barriers there are, and what support educators need to continue.MethodThis qualitative study uses individual semi-structured interviews of four active GP educators with at least 4 years of experience teaching medical students in a primary care setting; these were then transcribed and thematically analysed.ResultsOne of the most surprising results showed that GPs’ enjoyed their work as educators as it allowed themt’o be seen and heard’. One participant stated; I want ‘my blood, sweat and tears to mean something to somebody [the students]’. It also allowed the GPs’ to reflect on their life’s work and gave them a platform to demonstrate this.ConclusionThe Wass report, 2016 showed that students’ exposure to GPs in UG education plays a significant role in choosing a career in general practice. This exposure needs GPs to act as positive role-models. Further research is required to examine the GP educators’ need to ‘be seen and heard’, and if this can be used to recruit/retain GP educators.
Conundrum in primary care: should all cervical polyps be removed?
Authors: Chu Wai Lam , Rajasekar Tharun , Ahamed Michael , Ibraheim Mofid , Owen Kesia 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundThe management of asymptomatic cervical polyps has long been debated due to the scarcity of literature and guidelines regarding the need for polypectomy. While the majority of cervical polyps are diagnosed incidentally by GPs during routine cervical smears, there are no clear recommendations on referral pathways for further histological investigations.AimTo investigate the need for polypectomy in women presenting with asymptomatic polyps. In addition, the study explores potential suggestions and guidelines for the referral of asymptomatic cervical polyps in general practice.MethodA retrospective study on the histological findings of extracted cervical polyps examined by the pathology department at the Countess of Chester Hospital (COCH) over 9 years (2010– 2019).ResultsOf the 514 patients presented with cervical polyps (74% were asymptomatic), approximately 97% of the referrals made were by GPs. Additionally, we identified 74 inappropriate referrals through the 2-week wait cancer pathway. Overall, there were no malignant samples and five (0.97%) premalignant lesions were presented.ConclusionThis study supported the evidence that most cervical polyps are benign. However, inappropriate referrals prompt more education on cervical pathologies. Furthermore, there is a need for robust guidelines on the management of asymptomatic cervical polyps in general practice. To lessen the financial burden of managing cervical polyps in a secondary care setting, workshops on polyp removal can be developed for GPs.
سلوك المواطنة التنظيمية لدى معلمي المدارس الثانوية في الأردن في ضوء متغيرات الجنس والخبرة والمؤهل العلمي والوظيفة ونوع المدرسة
Authors: عباس عبد مهدي الشريفي  
Published: June 2024

هدف هذا البحث إلى تعر¹ف سلوك المواطنة التنظيمية لدى معلمي المدارس الثانوية في الأردن، وفيما إذا كانت هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0,05 < (a تعزى لمتغيرات الجنس والخبرة والمؤهل العلمي والوظيفة ونوع المدرسة، وقد تكونت عينة البحث من 30 مديراً ومديرة و150 معلماً ومعلمة، اختيروا عشوائياً من مجتمع البحث وقام الباحث ببناء استبانة لقياس سلوك المواطنة التنظيمية، وقد تم التأكد من صدقها وثباتها، وتوصل البحث إلى النتائج الآتية:
1-	يمارس معلمو المدارس الثانوية في الأردن سلوك المواطنة التنظيمية بدرجة متوسطة، سواء من وجهة نظرهم، أم وجهة نظر مديريهم، أم الاثنين معاً.
2-	وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0,05 < (a في درجة ممارسة سلوك المواطنة التظيمية تعزى لمتغيري الجنس والوظيفة.
3-	لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0,05 < (a في درجة ممارسة سلوك المواطنة التنظيمية تعزى لمتغيرات الخبرة والمؤهل العلمي ونوع الدراسة.
ومن بين التوصيات التي تمخضت عن النتائج:
1-	نشر الوعي بسلوك المواطنة التنظيمية، وبيان أهميته للمؤسسة التربوية والعاملين فيها.
2-	إجراء دراسة لتعرف العلاقة بين سلوك المواطنة التنظيمية ومتغيرات أخرى مثل­ الالتزام التنظيمي، والولاء التنظيمي، والمناخ التنظيمي، والهوية التنظيمية، والثقافة التنظيمية، والرضا الوظيفي.
ممارسة الموظفين الإداريين في مديريات التربية والتعليم للقيم البيروقراطية وعلاقتها ببعض المتغيرات (دراسة مطبقة في محافظة الزرقاء في الأردن)
Authors: خليل عزمي قراعين  , رابح رزق الجهني  
Published: June 2024

هدفت هذه الدراسة الى التعرف على درجة ممارسة العاملين في مديريات التربية والتعليم في محافظة الزرقاء للقيم البيروقراطية وعلاقة هذه الممارسات ببعض المتغيرات، في سبيل تقليل الآثار السلبية إن وجدت، وتحقيق نتائج ايجابية للأداء التنظيمي. قام الباحثان ببناء أداة مكونة من (26) فقرة موزعة على قسمين تعلقت بأبعاد القيم البيروقراطية في النظام المثالي لماكس ويبرـ وتم التحقق من صدق الأداة وثباتها، ثم طبقت على عينة مكونة من (276) فرداً بنسبة 70,07% من أفراد المجتمع. وتوصلت الدراسة للنتائج التالية:
-	أن درجة ممارسة العاملين للقيم البيرقراطية في مديريات التربية والتعليم لمحافظة الزرقاء جاءت بدرجة مرتفعة لكافة القيم البيروقراطية باستثناء قيمة الجدارة في التعيين والترقية فقد جاءت متوسطة.
-	توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في تقييم المبحوثين لدرجة ممارسة القيمة المتعلقة بالجدارة في التعيين والترقية عند مستوى الدلالة (=a 0,05) تعزى لمتغير الجنس ولصالح الإناث.
-	توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدلالة (=a 0,05) تعزى لمتغيرات المستوى الوظيفي، والمؤهل العلمي، وعدد سنوات الخبرة. مع بعض القيم البيروقراطية.
Toward Massive Satellite Signals of Opportunity Positioning: Challenges, Methods, and Experiments
Authors: Fan Guangteng , Chen Xi , Chen Zhaoyue , Zhang Ruichen , Wu Peng , Wei Qihui , Xu Wenjun , Dai Jincheng , Cao Lu 
Published: June 2024

Satellite signals of opportunity positioning (SSOOP) attempts to work out a navigation solution with many non-global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) satellite signals, when GNSS signals are not available. It is promising in addressing GNSS vulnerability by using an overwhelming quantity of satellites with diverse signal formats, multiple radio bands, and global availability. How to figure out an applicable receiver position from the signals transmitted by anonymous satellites with unknown emission time? Toward massive SSOOP, this work contributes (a) a summary of the fundamental challenges by reviewing the mathematical formulations of SSOOP problem; (b) a set of proposed methods for SSOOP, including orbit predication, signal processing, and different modes of user positioning; (c) an analysis on the orbit prediction precision of two-line elements (TLEs) at different geographic locations on Earth and its impact on positioning performance, based on the orbit data obtained from our experimental (international ID: 40136) satellite that has a similar orbit height as the IRIDIUM satellites; and (d) the design and test result of an IRIDIUM SSOOP receiver prototype for verifying the proposed methods and corroborating the analysis, which showed a CEP ≈892 m (circular error probable) in standalone mode tests and a CEP ≈40 m in differential mode tests.
AGIHAN TINGKAT KERAWANAN BANJIR KECAMATAN TANAH GROGOT KABUPATEN PASER KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Zhiddiq Sulaiman , Nurfadilla Nurfadilla , Arfan Amal , Yusuf Muhammad , Mannan Abdul 
Published: June 2024

Bencana banjir terjadi setiap tahun di Kecamatan Tanah Grogot, besarnya kerugian dan kerusakan yang dapat ditimbulkan maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kerawanan banjir dan agihan daerah rawan banjir. Menggunakan metode analisis spasial dengan overlay (peta topografi, peta penggunaan lahan, peta buffer sungai, peta lereng, peta tanah, dan peta curah hujan), dan skoring. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga kelas tingkat kerawanan banjir yaitu: tidak rawan banjir dengan luas 8811,59 Ha (24,42%), rawan banjir dengan luas 17378,98 Ha (48,16%), dan sangat rawan banjir dengan luas 9898,98 Ha (27,43%). Agihan daerah rawan banjir terletak di seluruh desa dan kelurahan dengan luas yang berbeda-beda, hampir keseluruhan wilayah dari Kelurahan Tanah Grogot, Desa Sungai Tuak dan Desa Senaken masuk dalam kelas sangat rawan banjir, dan lebih dari setengah wilayah Desa Muara Pasir masuk dalam kelas sangat rawan banjir. Sedangkan untuk desa lainnya kelas sangat rawan banjir tersebar di beberapa titik dengan luasan yang kecil. Daerah yang tidak rawan banjir yaitu Desa Pulau Rantau dan Desa Rantau Panjang.
Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pemeliharaan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Danau Singkarak di Nagari Paninggahan Kecamatan Junjung Sirih Kabupaten Solok
Authors: Putri Vutisia Pronika , Nefilinda Nefilinda , Zuriyani Elvi 
Published: June 2024

This study aims to obtain data, and information and describe and elaborate on Community Participation in the Maintenance and Environmental Management of Lake Singakarak in Nagari Paniggahan, Junjung Sirih District, Solok Regency seen from Community participation in the maintenance and management of the Lake environment in Nagari Paninggahan, This type of research uses a descriptive approach. The population of this study is the community in Nagari Paninggahan. The sample of the research area was taken by Purposive Sampling, namely only taking in the Kampung Jorong, Parumahan Jorong, and Subarangan Jorong areas. The sample of research respondents was taken by the Purposive Sampling technique with a proportion of 5% so the sample amounted to 91 families. Primary and secondary data collection techniques, data collection techniques using observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistics using a percentage formula. The results of this study found that community participation in the environmental conservation of Lake Singkarak is good with a percentage of 70.7% and community participation in environmental management of Lake Singkarak is good with a percentage of 71.1%. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data, informasi dan mendeskripsikan dan menjabarkan tentang Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pemeliharaan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Danau Singakarak di Nagari Paniggahan Kecamatan Junjung Sirih Kabupaten Solok dilihat dari Partisipasi masyarakat dalam pemeliharaan dan pengelolaan lingkungan Danau di Nagari Paninggahan, Jenis penelitian adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah masyarakat yang ada di Nagari Paninggahan. Sampel wilayah penelitian diambil secara Purposive Sampling yaitu hanya mengambil pada daerah Jorong Kampung, Jorong Parumahan dan Jorong Subarangan. Adapun sampel responden penelitian diambil dengan teknik Purposive Sampling dengan proporsi 5% sehingga sampel berjumlah 91 KK. Teknik pengumpulan data primer dan sekunder, Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, kuisioner, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah statistic deskriptif dengan memakai formula persentase. Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa, Partisipasi masyarakat dalam pemliharaan lingkungan danau singkarak termasuk baik dengan persentase 70,7% dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan lingkungan Danau Singkarak termasuk baik dengan persentase 71,1%.