bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient repositioning reproducibility of joint space width measurements on hand radiographs
Authors: Neumann Gesa , dePablo Paola , Finckh Axel , Chibnik Lori B. , Wolfe Fred , Duryea Jeffrey 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectiveComputer‐based methods to measure radiographic joint space width (JSW) have the potential to improve the longitudinal assessment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The purpose of this report was to measure the long‐term patient repositioning reproducibility of software‐measured radiographic JSW.MethodsPatients underwent baseline and followup hand radiography examinations with a followup time of ≤3 years. To eliminate any JSW change due to real disease progression, the evaluation was performed on “unaffected” joints, defined as having JSW and erosion Sharp scores of 0 at both baseline and followup. The root mean square SD (RMSSD) and coefficient of variation (CV) were used as the reproducibility metrics.ResultsThe RMSSD was 0.14 mm (CV 10.5%) for all joints, 0.18 mm (CV 10.9%) for the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints, and 0.08 mm (CV 8.3%) for the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints. The distribution of JSW change was asymmetric, suggesting that narrowing due to RA progression occurred for several joints. A second analysis was performed, excluding joints where the loss of JSW was greater than 3 SDs. For this analysis, the RMSSD was 0.10 mm (CV 7.5%) for all joints, 0.12 mm (CV 7.3%) for the MCP joints, and 0.07 mm (CV 7.1%) for the PIP joints.ConclusionRepositioning reproducibility is very good but is likely to be a dominating factor compared to reader and software reproducibility. Additionally, further evidence is given that a software method is able to detect changes in some joints for which the Sharp score is insensitive.
Impedance Measurements as a Simple Tool to Control the Quality of Conjugated Polymers Designed for Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Troshin Pavel A. , Susarova Diana K. , Moskvin Yury L. , Kuznetsov Ilya E. , Ponomarenko Sergei A. , Myshkovskaya Ekaterina N. , Zakharcheva Ksenya A. , Balakai Alexander A. , Babenko Sergei D. , Razumov Vladimir F. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe problem of batch‐to‐batch variation of electronic properties and purity of conjugated polymers used as electron donor and photon harvesting materials in organic solar cells is addressed. A simple method is developed for rapid analysis of electronic quality of polymer‐based materials. It is shown that appearance of impurities capable of charge trapping changes electrophysical properties of conjugated polymers. In particular, a clear correlation between the effective relaxation time τeff and relative photovoltaic performance (η/ηmax) is revealed for samples of poly(3‐hexylthiophene) intentionally polluted with a palladium catalyst. This dependence is also valid for all other investigated samples of conjugated polymers. Therefore, fast impedance measurements at three different frequencies allow one to draw conclusions about the purity of the analyzed polymer sample and even estimate its photovoltaic performance. The developed method might find extensive applications as a simple tool for product quality control in the laboratory and industrial‐scale production of conjugated polymers for electronic applications.
Asbestos is still with us: Repeat call for a universal ban
Authors: Ramazzini Collegium 
Published: October 2010

AbstractAll forms of asbestos are proven human carcinogens. All forms of asbestos cause malignant mesothelioma, lung, and laryngeal cancers, and may cause ovarian, gastrointestinal, and other cancers [Straif et al., 2009]. No exposure to asbestos is without risk. Asbestos cancer victims die painful lingering deaths. These deaths are almost entirely preventable.When evidence of the carcinogenicity of all forms of asbestos became incontrovertible, concerned parties, including the Collegium Ramazzini, called for a universal ban on the mining, manufacture, and use of asbestos in all countries around the world [Collegium Ramazzini, 1999]. Asbestos is now banned in 52 countries [IBAS, 2010], and safer products have replaced many materials that once were made with asbestos. Nonetheless, a large number of countries still use, import, and export asbestos and asbestos‐containing products. And in many countries that have banned other forms of asbestos, the so‐called “controlled use” of chrysotile asbestos is exempted from the ban, an exemption that has no basis in medical science but rather reflects the political and economic influence of the asbestos mining and manufacturing industry.All countries of the world have an obligation to their citizens to join in the international endeavor to ban all forms of asbestos. An international ban on asbestos is urgently needed. Am. J. Ind. Med. 54:168–173, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ascertainment of occupational histories in the working population: The occupational history calendar approach
Authors: Lilley R.C. , Cryer P.C. , Firth H.M. , Herbison G.P. , Feyer A‐M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackgroundSelf‐reported occupational histories are an important means for collecting historical data in epidemiological studies. An occupational history calendar (OHC) has been developed for use alongside a national occupational hazard surveillance tool. This study presents the systematic development of the OHC and compares work histories collected via this calendar to those collected via a traditional questionnaire.MethodsThe paper describes the systematic development of an OHC for use in the general working population. A comparison of data quality and recall was undertaken in 51 participants where both tools were administered.ResultsThe OHC enhanced job recall compared with the traditional questionnaire. Good agreement in the data captured by both tools was observed, with the exception of hazard exposures.ConclusionsA calendar approach is suitable for collecting occupational histories from the general working population. Despite enhancing job recall the OHC approach has some shortcomings outweighing this advantage in large‐scale population surveillance. Am. J. Ind. Med. 54:21–31, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lung cancer and occupation: A new zealand cancer registry‐based case–control study
Authors: Corbin Marine , McLean David , Mannetje Andrea 't , Dryson Evan , Walls Chris , McKenzie Fiona , Maule Milena , Cheng Soo , Cunningham Chris , Kromhout Hans , Blair Aaron , Pearce Neil 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackgroundThere are many proven and suspected occupational causes of lung cancer, which will become relatively more important over time, as smoking prevalence decreases.MethodsWe interviewed 457 cases aged 20–75 years notified to the New Zealand Cancer Registry during 2007–2008, and 792 population controls. We collected information on demographic details, potential confounders, and employment history. Associations were estimated using logistic regression adjusted for gender, age, ethnicity, smoking, and socio‐economic status.ResultsAmong occupations of a priori interest, elevated odds ratios (ORs) were observed for sawmill, wood panel and related wood‐processing plant operators (OR 4.63; 95% CI 1.05–20.29), butchers (OR 8.77, 95% CI 1.06–72.55), rubber and plastics products machine operators (4.27; 1.16–15.66), heavy truck drivers (2.24; 1.19–4.21) and workers in petroleum, coal, chemical and associated product manufacturing (1.80; 1.11–2.90); non‐significantly elevated risks were also observed for loggers (4.67; 0.81–27.03), welders and flame‐cutters (2.50; 0.86–7.25), pressers (5.74; 0.96–34.42), and electric and electronic equipment assemblers (3.61; 0.96–13.57). Several occupations and industries not of a priori interest also showed increased risks, including nursing associate professionals (5.45; 2.29–12.99), enrolled nurses (7.95; 3.10–20.42), care givers (3.47; 1.40–8.59), plant and machine operators and assemblers (1.61; 1.20–2.16), stationary machine operators and assemblers (1.67; 1.22–2.28), food and related products processing machine operators (1.98; 1.23–3.19), laborers and related elementary service workers (1.45; 1.05–2.00), manufacturing (1.34; 1.02–1.77), car retailing (3.08; 1.36–6.94), and road freight transport (3.02; 1.45–6.27).ConclusionsCertain occupations and industries have increased lung cancer risks in New Zealand, including wood workers, metal workers, meat workers, textile workers and drivers. Am. J. Ind. Med. 54:89–101, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interpreting borderline belpt results
Authors: Middleton D.C. , Mayer A.S. , Lewin M.D. , Mroz M.M. , Maier L.A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test (BeLPT) identifies persons sensitized to beryllium (BeS) and thus at risk for chronic beryllium disease (CBD). BeLPT test results are abnormal (AB), borderline (BL), or normal (NL). This manuscript addresses the predictive value and interpretation of BL BeLPT results.MethodsThe various three‐result combinations that meet or exceed a nominal referral criteria of 1 AB + 1 BL are assessed with probability modeling and compared.ResultsAt 2% prevalence, the three‐result combinations that meet or exceed this referral criteria and associated probabilities of BeS are: (a) 1 AB + 1 BL + 1 NL (72%); (b) 3 BL (91%); (c) 2 AB + 1 NL (95%); (d) 1 AB + 2 BL (99%); (e) 2 AB + 1 BL (100%); and (f) 3 AB (100%).ConclusionThese results suggest that BL results are meaningful and that three BL results predict BeS across a broad range of population prevalences. An analysis of longitudinal BeLPT results and clinical findings from an actual surveillance program is warranted to confirm the model's predictions. Am. J. Ind. Med. 54:205–209, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Airway response to chlorine inhalation (bleach) among cleaning workers with and without bronchial hyperresponsiveness
Authors: Sastre Joaquín , Madero Mauro F. , Fernández‐Nieto Mar , Sastre Beatriz , del Pozo Victoria , Potro Manuela García‐del , Quirce Santiago 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackgroundSymptoms of obstructive lung disease in domestic cleaning staff have been related to the use of bleach and other irritant cleaning products.Material and MethodsIncluded in the study were thirteen cleaning employees with work‐related asthma‐like symptoms, three asthmatic controls and three atopic subjects without bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) who had no exposure to cleaning products. The study protocol consisted of a methacholine test, sputum induction and fraction of exhaled nitric oxide measurement (FENO) both at baseline and 24 hr after a 1‐hr inhalation challenge with either placebo or bleach at a concentration of 0.4 ppm of chlorine.ResultsThe inhalation of the placebo caused no bronchial reactions. Mean maximum fall in FEV1 during challenge testing with bleach was significantly higher than the values obtained during the placebo challenge. Inhalation challenge with bleach elicited two isolated late asthmatic reactions and one dual asthmatic reaction. Of all the patients who underwent challenge testing with bleach, only one had a ≥2‐fold decrease in methacholine PC20 24 hr after the challenge. No significant correlation was found between maximum fall in FEV1 and PC20 methacholine. Following challenge testing with bleach, no clinically significant changes in sputum cell counts or FENO were detected.ConclusionsThese results suggest that bleach inhalation at a concentration of 0.4 ppm—a concentration below 8‐hr permissible occupational exposure level—brings about a substantial decrease in FEV1 in subjects with and without BHR. Some subjects have a positive challenge response to bleach inhalation. Am. J. Ind. Med. 54:293–299, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of the BDNF val66met polymorphism on prefrontal brain function in a population at high genetic risk of schizophrenia
Authors: Whalley Heather C. , Baig Benjamin J. , Hall Jeremy , Job Dominic E. , McIntosh Andrew M. , Cunningham‐Owens David G. , Johnstone Eve C. , Lawrie Stephen M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA single nucleotide polymorphism (val66met) in the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene has been shown to be a risk factor for a number of psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. This polymorphism has also been shown to have effects on prefrontal brain morphology and function. This study aims to clarify the effects of the val66met polymorphism on prefrontal brain function in a population at high genetic risk for schizophrenia. The Edinburgh High Risk Study has followed young individuals who had one first‐ or second‐degree relative with schizophrenia and a minimum of one further genetic relative with the illness. A sample of 62 individuals provided both genetic and functional imaging data using the Hayling sentence completion task. Individuals with the BDNF ValVal (presumed risk) genotype (n = 41) showed relatively increased activation of the anterior cingulate cortex in relation to Met carrier individuals (n = 21) during sentence completion conditions versus baseline, against a background of similar levels of task performance. It appeared from further investigation that this relatively increased activation was attributable to a failure to disengage or suppress activation in the high risk ValVal group during the task condition, suggesting that BDNF may contribute to the abnormal default network reported in schizophrenia. These results suggest that this gene affects prefrontal brain function in those at high genetic risk for the disorder, unconfounded by medication effects. BDNF may therefore be one of the heritable factors involved in the development of abnormal prefrontal function in schizophrenia. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Implications upon theory discrimination of an accurate measurement of the time rate of change of the gravitational “constant” G and other cosmological parameters
Authors: Sanders A.J. , Gillies G.T. , Schmutzer E. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA substantial improvement in the accuracy of ˙ G tests (The dot denotes the time derivative.) would make it realistic to speak in terms of a measurement of ˙G , rather than merely a smaller upper bound on | ˙G|. We show that the accuracy Δ | ˙G/G|≈︁ 10‐14 yr‐1 may be sufficient, given the accuracy of other cosmological parameters, to observe effects predicted by higher dimensions theories and, hence, to discriminate among different models. The ˙G design goal for the SEE (Satellite Energy Exchange) mission is Δ (˙G/G) ≈︁ 10‐14 yr‐1.
Salen‐Complex‐Mediated Formation of Cyclic Carbonates by Cycloaddition of CO2 to Epoxides
Authors: Decortes Antonello , Castilla Ana M. , Kleij Arjan W. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractMetal complexes of salen ligands are an important class of compounds, and they have been widely studied in the past. Among their successful catalytic applications, the synthesis of cyclic carbonates by the coupling reaction of epoxides with CO2 has received increased attention; this is mostly due to the importance of using a greenhouse gas as a feedstock for the synthesis of useful molecules. Herein the most relevant past and present research surrounding this topic is presented.
Levels of theory‐of‐mind reasoning in competitive games
Authors: Goodie Adam S. , Doshi Prashant , Young Diana L. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe literature on recursive theory of mind (TOM) reasoning in interactive decision making (reasoning of the type “I think that you think that I think…”) has been pessimistic, suggesting that adults attribute to others levels of reasoning that are low and slow to increase with learning. In four experiments with college‐age adults playing sequential games, we examined whether choices and predictions were consistent with believing that others pursue their immediate self‐interest, or with believing that others reason through their own decision making, with fixed‐sum games that were simpler and more competitive. This manipulation led to higher‐level default TOM reasoning; indeed, reasoning against a lower‐level opponent was frequently consistent with assuming the opponent's reasoning to be higher‐level, leading to sub‐optimal choices. We conclude that TOM reasoning is not of a low level in all game settings; rather, individuals may display effective TOM reasoning, reflecting realistic assumptions about their opponents, in competitive and relatively simple games. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamin self‐assembly and the vesicle scission mechanism
Authors: Pawlowski Nikolaus 
Published: October 2010

AbstractRecently, Gao et al. and Chappie et al. elucidated the crystal structures of the polytetrameric stalk domain of the dynamin‐like virus resistance protein, MxA, and of the G‐domain dimer of the large, membrane‐deforming GTPase, dynamin, respectively. Combined, they provide a hypothetical oligomeric structure for the complete dynamin protein. Here, it is discussed how the oligomers are expected to form and how they participate in dynamin mediated vesicle fission during the process of endocytosis. The proposed oligomeric structure is compared with the novel mechanochemical model of dynamin function recently proposed by Bashkirov et al. and Pucadyil and Schmid. In conclusion, the new model of the dynamin oligomer has the potential to explain how short self‐limiting fissogenic dynamin assemblies are formed and how concerted GTP hydrolysis is achieved. The oligomerisation of two other dynamin superfamily proteins, the guanylate binding proteins (GBPs) and the immunity‐related GTPases (IRGs), is addressed briefly.
Early carotid endarterectomy following thrombolysis in the hyperacute treatment of stroke
Authors: Crozier J E M , Reid J , Welch G H , Muir K W , Stuart W P 
Published: October 2010

Abstract

Background
Thrombolysis with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator improves the probability of complete neurological recovery if given promptly following the onset of acute ischaemic stroke. Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) can reduce the risk of further embolic stroke in selected patients and is most effective within 14 days of the incident event. The safety of surgery so soon after thrombolysis is unknown. The aim of this study was to report the immediate outcomes of this management strategy early in the unit experience and to encourage pooling of data, recognizing that this will be an uncommon procedure even in busy stoke units with an active lysis programme.

Methods
Data were extracted from two prospectively collected databases, and included patient demographics, type of stroke, type and timing of surgical procedure, and immediate outcome. On presentation with a stroke, all patients underwent urgent computed tomography (CT) of the brain. Those eligible received thrombolysis according to the unit protocol. They underwent CT angiography 24 h after thrombolysis and patients with a severe carotid stenosis had surgery.

Results
Ten of a cohort of 450 patients who had received lysis underwent CEA. Seven of these were women and eight of the procedures were carried out under local anaesthetic. Surgery was performed a median of 8 (range 2–23) days after the index event; there were no major complications.

Conclusion
Few patients with acute stroke are eligible, but CEA performed soon after thrombolytic therapy for stroke appears to be safe.
“Good and bad, I defined these terms, quite clear no doubt somehow”: Neuroimaging and competency to be executed after Panetti
Authors: Perlin Michael L. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThere has been little consideration, in either the caselaw or the scholarly literature, of the potential impact of neuroimaging on cases assessing whether a seriously mentally disabled death row defendant is competent to be executed. The Supreme Court's 2007 decision in Panetti v. Quarterman significantly expanded its jurisprudence by ruling that such a defendant had a constitutional right to make a showing that his mental illness “obstruct[ed] a rational understanding of the State's reason for his execution.” This article considers the impact of neuroimaging testimony on post‐Panetti competency determination hearings, and looks at multiple questions of admissibility of evidence, adequacy of counsel, availability of expert assistance, juror attitudes, trial tactics, and application of the Daubert doctrine, and also considers the implications of the lesser‐known Panetti holding (that enhances the role of expert witnesses in all competency‐to‐be‐executed inquiries). It warns that the power of the testimony in question has the capacity to inappropriately affect fact‐finders in ways that may lead “to outcomes that are both factually and legally inaccurate and constitutionally flawed.” Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Factors affecting jail detention of defendants adjudicated incompetent to proceed
Authors: Christy Annette , Otto Randy , Finch Jacquelyn , Ringhoff Daniel , Kimonis Eva R. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe movement of defendants through the legal process who have been adjudicated incompetent to proceed is little studied, yet it is important. The purpose of this study was to provide empirical data regarding factors that affected the amount of time defendants adjudicated incompetent to proceed and ordered to undergo hospitalization remained in jail while awaiting transfer to a state hospital. Statewide data collected in Florida between July 2005 and June 2008 were used to determine the lengths of time incompetent defendants spent at certain stages in the legal process. The addition of forensic bed capacity following media attention and litigation resulted in a significant decrease in the amount of time defendants adjudicated incompetent to proceed waited in jail for transfer to a state hospital for treatment. The amount of time it took for completed commitment orders to be submitted to the state mental health authority by the Clerks of Court of each county accounted for a meaningful portion of days defendants spent in jail awaiting transfer to a state hospital, with considerable variation across counties with respect to waiting times. These findings reflect how various stakeholders can affect the amount of time defendants spend in jail while awaiting hospitalization. These issues are discussed in the context of controversy related to Florida's forensic mental health system, as well as issues related to the political process and funding of the state's mental health authority. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bismuth‐Doped Ordered Mesoporous TiO2: Visible‐Light Catalyst for Simultaneous Degradation of Phenol and Chromium
Authors: Sajjad Shamaila , Leghari Sajjad A. K. , Chen Feng , Zhang Jinlong 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA controllable and reproducible synthesis of highly ordered two‐dimensional hexagonal mesoporous, crystalline bismuth‐doped TiO2 nanocomposites with variable Bi ratios is reported here. Analyses by transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Raman, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal that the well‐ordered mesostructure is doped with Bi, which exists as Bi3+ and Bi(3+x+). The Bi‐doped mesoporous TiO2 (ms‐TiO2) samples exhibit improved photocatalytic activities for simultaneous phenol oxidation and chromium reduction in aqueous suspension under visible and UV light over the pure ms‐TiO2, P‐25, and conventional Bi‐doped titania. The high catalytic activity is due to both the unique structural characteristics and the Bi doping. This new material extends the spectral response from UV to the visible region, and reduces electron–hole recombination, which renders the 2.0 % Bi‐doped ms‐TiO2 photocatalyst highly responsive to visible light.