bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐Assembled Chiral Film Based on Melanin Polymers
Authors: Gaeta Massimiliano , Travagliante Gabriele , Barcellona Matteo , Fragalà Maria Elena , Purrello Roberto , D'Urso Alessandro 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTChirality plays a fundamental role in natural phenomena, yet its manifestation on solid surfaces remains relatively unexplored. In this study, we investigate the formation of chiroptical melanin‐based self‐assembled films on quartz substrates, leveraging mussel‐inspired surface chemistry. Water‐soluble porphyrins serve as molecular synthons, facilitating the spontaneous formation of hetero‐aggregates in phosphate‐buffered saline containing L‐ or D‐DOPA. Spectroscopic analysis reveals chiral transfer from DOPA enantiomers to porphyrin hetero‐aggregates, followed by the disruption of these latter and subsequent generation of chiral melanin structures in solution. Quartz substrates inserted into these solutions spontaneously accumulate homogeneous melanin‐like films over days, demonstrating the feasibility of self‐assembly. The resulting films exhibit characteristic UV/Vis and CD spectra, with distinct signals indicating successful chiral induction. Interestingly, the AFM characterizations reveal a distinct surface morphology, and in addition, some thermal and mechanical properties have been taken into account. Overall, this study sheds light on the formation, stability, and chiroptical properties of melanin‐based films, paving the way for their application in various fields.
Evolving patterns and clinical outcome of genetic studies performed at diagnosis in acute myeloid leukemia patients: Real life data from the PETHEMA Registry
Authors: Labrador Jorge , Martínez‐Cuadrón David , Boluda Blanca , Serrano Josefina , Gil Cristina , Pérez‐Simón José A. , Bernal Teresa , Bergua Juan M. , Martínez‐López Joaquín , Rodríguez‐Medina Carlos , Vidriales María B. , García‐Boyero Raimundo , Algarra Lorenzo , Polo Marta , Sayas María J. , Tormo Mar , Alonso‐Domínguez Juan M. , Herrera Pilar , Lavilla Esperanza , Ramos Fernando , Amigo María L. , Vives‐Polo Susana , Rodríguez‐Macías Gabriela , Mena‐Durán Armando , Pérez‐Encinas Manuel M. , Arce‐Fernández Olga , Cuello Rebeca , Sánchez‐García Joaquín , Gómez‐Casares María T. , Chillón María C. , Calasanz María J. , Ayala Rosa , Rodriguez‐Veiga Rebeca , Barragán Eva , Montesinos Pau ,   PETHEMA Group
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere are no studies assessing the evolution and patterns of genetic studies performed at diagnosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Such studies could help to identify potential gaps in our present diagnostic practices, especially in the context of increasingly complex procedures and classifications.MethodsThe REALMOL study (NCT05541224) evaluated the evolution, patterns, and clinical impact of performing main genetic and molecular studies performed at diagnosis in 7285 adult AML patients included in the PETHEMA AML registry (NCT02607059) between 2000 and 2021.ResultsScreening rates increased for all tests across different time periods (2000–2007, 2008–2016, and 2017–2021) and was the most influential factor for NPM1, FLT3‐ITD, and next‐generation sequencing (NGS) determinations: NPM1 testing increased from 28.9% to 72.8% and 95.2% (p < .001), whereas FLT3‐ITD testing increased from 38.1% to 74.1% and 95.9% (p < .0001). NGS testing was not performed between 2000–2007 and only reached 3.5% in 2008–2016, but significantly increased to 72% in 2017–2021 (p < .001). Treatment decision was the most influential factor to perform karyotype (odds ratio [OR], 6.057; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.702–7.802), and fluorescence in situ hybridation (OR, 2.273; 95% CI, 1.901–2.719) studies. Patients ≥70 years old or with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group ≥2 were less likely to undergo these diagnostic procedures. Performing genetic studies were associated with a favorable impact on overall survival, especially in patients who received intensive chemotherapy.ConclusionsThis unique study provides relevant information about the evolving landscape of genetic and molecular diagnosis for adult AML patients in real‐world setting, highlighting the increased complexity of genetic diagnosis over the past 2 decades.
Awareness based gannet optimization for source location privacy preservation with multiple assets in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Singh Mintu , Singh Maheshwari Prasad 
Published: June 2024

SummaryThe wireless sensor network (WSN) has been assimilated into modern society and is utilized in many crucial application domains, including animal monitoring, border surveillance, asset monitoring, and so forth. These technologies aid in protecting the place of the event's occurrence from the adversary. Maintaining privacy concerning the source location is challenging due to the sensor nodes' limitations and efficient routing strategies. Hence, this research introduces a novel source location privacy preservation using the awareness‐based Gannet with random‐Dijkstra's algorithm (AGO‐RD). The network is initialized by splitting the hotspot and non‐hotspot region optimally using the proposed awareness‐based Gannet (AGO) algorithm. Here, the multi‐objective fitness function is utilized to initialize the network based on factors like throughput, energy consumption, latency, and entropy. Then, the information is forwarded to the phantom node in the non‐hotspot region to preserve the source location's privacy, which is far from the sink node. The proposed random‐Dijkstra algorithm is utilized to route the information from the phantom node to the sink with more security. Analysis of the proposed AGO‐RD‐based source location privacy preservation technique in terms of delay, throughput, network lifetime, and energy consumption accomplished the values of 6.52 ms, 95.68%, 7109.9 rounds, and 0.000125 μJ.
Evaporation Dynamics on a Lithium Niobate Surface
Authors: Vinikumar Sushmitha , Schönecker Clarissa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractManipulating the water evaporation dynamics is a prerequisite in various modern‐day applications like DNA stretching, rapid disease diagnostics, and inkjet printing. One method to affect the evaporation dynamics of droplets is to externally apply electric fields. However, surfaces that bear an intrinsic surface charge have not yet been investigated with respect to their evaporation behavior. In this study, we investigate water droplet evaporation on lithium niobate (LN), a ferroelectric material with a very high spontaneous polarization of 0.7
. Our results show that a droplet deposited on an LN surface evaporates in three stages: (i) constant contact radius (ii) mixed phase (iii) stick‐slip, which is likely originating from the intrinsic surface charge. The influence of the polarization direction of the LN surface as well as the relative humidity of the environment on various evaporation characteristics were studied. The results suggest that the specific adsorption layers forming on charged surfaces, e. g. from the humidity of the surrounding air, play a key role in the evaporation process. Furthermore, compared to other materials with similar contact angles, LN demonstrated a significantly large evaporation rate. This property might also be attributed to the intrinsic surface charge and could be exploited in heat transfer applications.
Surface and Grain Boundary Coating for Stabilizing LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 Based Electrodes
Authors: Ahaliabadeh Zahra , Miikkulainen Ville , Mäntymäki Miia , Mousavihashemi Seyedabolfazl , Yao Lide , Jiang Hua , Huotari Simo , Kankaanpää Timo , Kallio Tanja , Colalongo Mattia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe widespread use of high‐capacity Ni‐rich layered oxides such as LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811), in lithium‐ion batteries is hindered due to practical capacity loss and reduced working voltage during operation. Aging leads to defective NMC811 particles, affecting electrochemical performance. Surface modification offers a promising approach to improve cycle life. Here, we introduce an amorphous lithium titanate (LTO) coating via atomic layer deposition (ALD), not only covering NMC811 surfaces but also penetrating cavities and grain boundaries. As NMC811 electrodes suffer from low structural stability during charge and discharge, We combined electrochemistry, operando X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and dilatometry to understand structural changes and the coating protective effects. XRD reveals significant structural evolution during delithiation for uncoated NMC811. The highly reversible phase change in coated NMC811 highlights enhanced bulk structure stability. The LTO coating retards NMC811 degradation, boosting capacity retention from 86 % to 93 % after 140 cycles. This study underscores the importance of grain boundary engineering for Ni‐rich layered oxide electrode stability and the interplay of chemical and mechanical factors in battery aging.
In vitro activation of the CB1 receptor by the semi‐synthetic cannabinoids hexahydrocannabinol (HHC), hexahydrocannabinol acetate (HHC‐O) and hexahydrocannabiphorol (HHC‐P)
Authors: Persson Mattias , Kronstrand Robert , Evans‐Brown Michael , Green Henrik 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSemi‐synthetic cannabinoids (SSCs) including hexahydrocannabinol (HHC) are emerging on the drug market and sold openly as purportedly legal replacements for cannabis and Δ9‐THC. By the beginning of 2024, 24 European countries had identified HHC, often sold openly in edibles (foods/candy), vapes and low‐THC cannabis flowers and resins. The SSC market is developing rapidly, with HHC acetate (HHC‐O), hexahydrocannabiphorol (HHC‐P) and others recently identified. These developments may mark the first major change in the market for ‘legal’ replacements to cannabis since ‘Spice’ containing synthetic cannabinoids, such as JWH‐018, emerged in 2008. Currently, there are some data available on the pharmacology of SSCs, which is crucial for understanding their effects, evaluating health risks and informing public health responses. This study focused on characterizing the in vitro activation of the human CB1 receptor by the (R)‐ and (S)‐epimers of HHC, HHC‐P and HHC‐O. Using recombinant CHO‐K1 cells expressing the human CB1 receptor, the potency (EC50) and efficacy were determined. It was established that (9R)‐HHC and (9R)‐HHC‐P activated the CB1 receptor as partial agonists and with five and two times lower potency compared to JWH‐018, respectively, while the (S)‐epimers exhibited even lower potency. The (R)‐epimer of HHC‐O activate the CB1 receptor to even lesser extent and the (S)‐epimer showed no activation. For HHC and HHC‐P, all epimers exhibited similar level of efficacy. This available evidence suggests cannabimimetic effects of the tested SSC with the exception for the acetates that likely function as pro‐drugs in vivo.
Oleic acid enhances proliferation and calcium mobilization of CD3/CD28 activated CD4+ T cells through incorporation into membrane lipids
Authors: von Hegedus Johannes Hendrick , de Jong Anja J. , Hoekstra Anna T. , Spronsen Eric , Zhu Wahwah , Cabukusta Birol , Kwekkeboom Joanneke C. , Heijink Marieke , Bos Erik , Berkers Celia R. , Giera Martin A. , Toes Rene E. M. , Ioan‐Facsinay Andreea 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUnsaturated fatty acids (UFA) are crucial for T‐cell effector functions, as they can affect the growth, differentiation, survival, and function of T cells. Nonetheless, the mechanisms by which UFA affects T‐cell behavior are ill‐defined. Therefore, we analyzed the processing of oleic acid, a prominent UFA abundantly present in blood, adipocytes, and the fat pads surrounding lymph nodes, in CD4+ T cells. We found that exogenous oleic acid increases proliferation and enhances the calcium flux response upon CD3/CD28 activation. By using a variety of techniques, we found that the incorporation of oleic acid into membrane lipids, rather than regulation of cellular metabolism or TCR expression, is essential for its effects on CD4+ T cells. These results provide novel insights into the mechanism through which exogenous oleic acid enhances CD4+ T‐cell function.
Sensory variation of landrace peas (Pisum sativum L.): Impacts of variety, location, and harvest year
Authors: Westling Magnus , Leino Matti Wiking , Wennström Stefan , Öström Åsa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe transition to more diversified protein sources presents legumes, such as peas, as excellent alternatives to animal protein. In light of this shift, understanding the sensory variation of pea genetic resources becomes crucial in broadening their appeal and promoting greater consumption. This study aimed to identify key factors influencing the sensory attributes of landrace peas, including variety (accession), location (geographical area of cultivation), and harvest year. Through a quantitative descriptive sensory analysis of six Swedish landrace pea accessions, cultivated over 1–2 years in three different Nordic countries, we analyzed the sensory attributes in detail and evaluated potential interactions between the pea accessions, their respective growing locations, and the varying harvest years. The results show that the sensory variation in the studied landrace pea accessions is primarily attributed to the chosen accession, despite the differences in location and harvest year. Notably, the results also reveal the potential impact of the location on the perceived sourness and umami taste of peas. These findings underscore the critical role of careful variety selection and breeding to enhance the sensory experience of peas, enabling the development of diverse pea‐based products that cater to consumer preferences.
Cognitive impairment in children and adults with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis: A French cohort study
Authors: Salardaine Quentin , Shor Natalia , Villain Nicolas , Bozon Frédérique , Amador Maria Del Mar , Duchon Clarisse , Mélé Nicolas , Schiff Manuel , Brassier Anaïs , Nadjar Yann 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCerebrotendinous xanthomatosis is a rare and treatable metabolic disorder related to the accumulation of cholestanol. This disorder is primarily associated with motor and cognitive impairments, although the latter has not been extensively characterized. The objectives of this work were to define the cognitive profile found in cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis patients, investigate the progression of cognitive impairment over time, and search for radio‐clinical correlations. Through a multicentric chart review study, we collected cognitive and radiological data from nine children and eighteen adults with genetically proven cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis. We performed a volumetric and morphological analysis of the brain magnetic resonance imaging. In our cohort, 44% (4/9) of children and 78% (14/18) of adults exhibited cognitive impairment that can be severe. The study revealed a significant impairment in various cognitive domains, specifically executive, attentional, language, and visuo‐spatial. Among adults, 16% (3/18) developed dementia after age 50. These three patients had delayed chenodeoxycholic acid treatment and important cerebral atrophy. Besides these three cases of late‐onset cognitive decline, Mini‐Mental State Evaluation was generally stable, suggesting cognitive impairment due to a neurodevelopmental disorder and persisting in adulthood. Cognitive impairment was less common in children, possibly related to early chenodeoxycholic acid treatment in our cohort. The severity of magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities did not predict cognitive impairment in patients. Overall, in cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis, cognitive impairment can be severe and mainly neurodevelopmental. Early chenodeoxycholic acid treatment might be associated with a reduced risk of cognitive decline.
Comparison of Reduced and Full Field of View in Diffusion‐Weighted MRI on Image Quality: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Shi Jingjing , Lin Jie , Zhou Xinbin , Yin Ningbo , Wu Liyi , Yu Mei , Xu Maosheng 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundReduced field of view (rFOV) diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) in MRI shows potential for enhanced image quality compared with traditional full field of view (fFOV) DWI. Evaluating rFOV DWI's impact on image quality is important for clinical adoption.ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy of rFOV DWI in improving image quality, focusing on artifact reduction, signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) improvement, and lesion detectability.Study TypeMeta‐analysis.PopulationSystematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science ending in January 2024. Thirteen studies with 765 participants focusing on DWI quality using rFOV was analyzed.Field Strength/SequenceSS‐EPI, Rtr‐SS‐EPI, 2D‐SS‐EPI at 3.0 T.AssessmentTwo investigators performed the data extraction. QUADAS‐2 assessed bias. The image quality assessment of rFOV and fFOV DWI were compared.Statistical TestsStandardized mean difference (SMD) was utilized to evaluate and standardize MRI image quality. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic and publication bias was evaluated with Egger's test.ResultsThe QUADAS‐2 analysis revealed that most studies exhibited a low risk of bias and minimal concerns regarding applicability. Statistical analysis indicated that rFOV DWI yielded higher subjective image quality scores (SMD = 0.535, 95% CI: 0.339, 0.731, I2 = 45.7%) compared with fFOV DWI and was more effective in reducing artifacts (SMD = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.209, 0.672, I2 = 42.3%) than fFOV DWI. However, a decrease in SNR was noted with rFOV DWI (SMD = −0.670, 95% CI: −1.187 to −0.152, I2 = 87.9%). Additionally, rFOV DWI demonstrated enhancements in lesion visibility (SMD = 0.432, 95% CI: −1.187, −0.152, I2 = 53.1%) and anatomical details (SMD = 0.598, 95% CI: 0.121, 1.075, I2 = 90.8%).Data ConclusionrFOV DWI enhances MRI image quality by reducing artifacts and improving lesion visibility with a SNR trade‐off.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 1
Anal intraepithelial neoplasia screening in women from the largest center for lower genital tract disease in China
Authors: Zhang Lu , Sun Yixin , Chen Jianyu , Tao Xiang , Sui Long , Cong Qing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to provide comprehensive clinical screening data for anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN). This study included 312 patients who underwent high‐resolution anoscopy (HRA) examinations between January 1, 2020 and April 15, 2024. Clinical data, including demographic information, clinical history, cytology/high‐risk human papilloma virus (hrHPV) results, and HRA records, were analyzed.The median age of all patients was 42 years (interquartile range: 33–52 years). Approximately 26.3% reported a history of VIN2/3+, 13.5% had a history of VaIN2/3+, 29.8% had a history of CIN2/3+, 44.6% had persistent cervical HPV16 infection, and 12.5% had immune suppression. Among the 312 patients, 14.4% were diagnosed with AIN2/3, 25.0% with AIN1 and 60.6% were normal. Anal cytological abnormalities were found in 41.3% of all patients, with a significantly higher rate in AIN2/3 patients than in ≤AIN1, 71.1% versus 36.3%, p < 0.001. The hrHPV positivity rate was 89.7%, with HPV16 being the most prevalent. The complete agreement rate for HRA impressions was 79.5%. Multi‐variable analysis revealed immune suppression (odds ratio [OR]: 3.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.42–8.5) and VIN2/3+ (OR: 2.82, 95% CI: 1.27–6.28) were independent risk factors for AIN2/3. Abnormal cytology results (OR: 3.3, 95% CI: 1.52–7.17) and anal HPV16 infection (OR: 3.2, 95% CI: 1.26–8.12) demonstrated similar ORs for AIN2/3. Early screening for AIN2/3+ is crucial in Chinese women with lower genital tract precancerous and cancerous lesions, particularly in those with VIN2/3+ and immune suppression.
Facility Volume and Changing Facilities for Postoperative Radiotherapy in Salivary Gland Cancer
Authors: Patel Rushi , Patel Aman M. , Revercomb Lucy , Qie Vivienne , Tseng Christopher C. , Baredes Soly , Park Richard Chan Woo 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesChanging location of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) after treatment at a high‐volume facility (HVF) is associated with worse survival in various head and neck cancers. Our study investigates this relationship in salivary gland cancer (SGC).MethodsThe 2004–2016 National Cancer Database was queried for all cases of adult SGC treated with surgery and PORT with or without adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients with multiple cancer diagnoses, metastatic disease, or unknown PORT facility were excluded. Reporting facilities with >95th percentile annual case volume were classified as HVFs, the remainder were classified low‐volume facilities (LVFs).ResultsA total of 7885 patients met inclusion criteria, of which 418 (5.3%) were treated at an HVF. Patients treated at an HVF had higher rates clinical nodal positivity (18.2% vs. 14.0%, p < 0.001) and clinical T3/T4 (27.3% vs. 20.7%, p = 0.001) disease. Patients at HVFs changed facility for PORT at lower rates (18.9% vs. 24.5%, p = 0.009). Patients treated at an HVF had higher 5‐year overall survival (5‐OS) than those treated at an LVF (79.0% vs. 72.0%, p = 0.042). Patients treated at an HVF that changed PORT facility had worse 5‐OS (60.8% vs. 83.2%, p < 0.001). Radiation facility change was an independent predictor of worse survival in patients treated at an HVF (HR: 8.99 [3.15–25.67], p < 0.001) but not for patients treated at a LVF (HR: 1.11 [0.98–1.25], p = 0.109).ConclusionsPatients treated at an HVF changing facility for PORT for SGC experience worse survival. Our data suggest patients treated surgically at an HVF should be counseled to continue their PORT at the same institution.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:4935–4946, 2024
A new linear path pair availability constraint for network design
Authors: Martins Lúcia , Santos Dorabella , Girão‐Silva Rita , Gomes Teresa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIt is essential for network operators to guarantee required levels of availability in the network without incurring in excessive costs. We address the optimization problem of upgrading links at a given cost, to achieve end‐to‐end availability guarantees in the network, via pairs of working and backup paths. These guarantees are expressed as nonlinear path pair availability constraints which cannot be readily linearized. For this reason, most works have only considered the working path availability or disaggregated models where availability guarantees are considered separately for the working and backup paths. We show that the aggregated models which jointly consider the availabilities of the working and backup paths can provide better solutions than the disaggregated models. Moreover, we present a more efficient aggregated model based on a novel strategy to linearize the path pair availability constraints, and show that it further improves previous results. It is usual to impose that the upgraded links belong to a spanning tree subgraph. We further compare the solutions with and without this imposition and show that relaxing the tree condition can provide better solutions.