bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acromial shape in asymptomatic subjects: A study of 305 shoulders in different age groups
Authors: Vähäkari Matti , Leppilahti Juhana , Hyvönen Pekka , Ristiniemi Jukka , Päivänsalo Markku , Jalovaara Pekka 
Published: January 2010

Background: It has been reported that acromial morphology and age have an independent association with rotator cuff pathology. In a recent study, we found the acromial angle of patients with stage III impingement syndrome (tear in the rotator cuff, according to the Neer classification of shoulder impingement syndrome) to be significantly greater than the acromial angle of their age-matched healthy controls. Purpose: To find out if acromial shape also changes, i.e., becomes more curved with age, in shoulders without any rotator cuff problems or previous shoulder surgery. Material and Methods: Standard supraspinatus outlet view (SOV) was obtained from both shoulders of healthy persons with no shoulder-related problems or previous shoulder surgery ( n = 305; 36 SOVs for subjects aged 21–30 years, 60 for 31–40 years, 67 for 41–50 years, 52 for 51–60 years, 48 for 61–70 years, and 42 for over 71 years of age). Acromial angle, tilt, and the type of the acromion were evaluated. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the evaluated morphological parameters between the different age groups. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the shape of the acromion does not change with age in individuals who do not have any rotator cuff pathology. According to our results, the changes in acromial morphology seem to be similar in each age group.
Patient acceptance of whole-body magnetic resonance angiography: A prospective questionnaire study
Authors: Nielsen Yousef Wirenfeldt , Eiberg Jonas P. , Løgager Vibeke B. , Just Sven , Schroeder Torben V. , Thomsen Henrik S. 
Published: January 2010

Background: Whole-body magnetic resonance angiography (WB-MRA) is a noninvasive method for diagnosing the systemic distribution of atherosclerosis. Numerous studies have demonstrated the feasibility and diagnostic performance of WB-MRA, but no studies have investigated patient acceptance of this imaging method. Purpose: To measure patient acceptance of WB-MRA compared to the gold standard, digital subtraction angiography (DSA), in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Material and Methods: In a prospective design, 79 consecutive patients (51 male, mean age 67 years) with symptomatic PAD, scheduled to undergo both WB-MRA and DSA, were included. Patient acceptance of each imaging procedure was assessed with a postal questionnaire (13 questions). A five-point rank scale (1, no discomfort; 5, severe discomfort) was used to grade patient discomfort. Results: One patient was excluded from data analysis (did not undergo DSA). Of the remaining 78 patients, 69 completed the questionnaire (response rate 88%). Overall discomfort scores were higher in DSA compared to WB-MRA (mean 2.1 and 1.7, respectively; P = 0.06). In WB-MRA, overall discomfort was strongly correlated to feeling confined in the MRI system (R = 0.77, P< 0.001). In DSA, discomfort was strongly correlated to arterial puncture (R = 0.66, P< 0.001) and contrast injection (R= 0.65, P< 0.001). Injection of iodinated contrast agent at DSA was graded more uncomfortable than injection of gadolinium-based contrast agent at WB-MRA (mean 2.1 vs. 1.5, respectively; P<0.001). Sixty-two patients (90%) were willing to repeat WB-MRA, and 64 patients (93%) would repeat DSA if they needed another vascular examination. Forty-one patients preferred WB-MRA (60%), 12 patients preferred DSA (17%), and 16 patients had no preference (23%). Patient preference of WB-MRA over DSA was statistically significant ( P< 0.001). Conclusion: Patient acceptance of WB-MRA is superior to that of DSA in patients with PAD, with the majority of patients preferring WB-MRA.
SOME NEW NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF DELTOCEPHALOID LEAFHOPPERS
Authors: Delong Dwight M. , Davidson Ralph H. 
Published: January 2010

Resembling caperatus in size and general appearance but without color markings, apparently more closely related to apicatus and alboneura but with short wings. Length 2-2.5 mm.Vertex bluntly angled, a little longer on middle than basal width between eyes. Elytra short covering only first four or five basal segments of abdomen, apical cells very small.Color straw yellow, frequently unmarked. Ocelli black. 111 dark specimens with faint markings on vertex. Four large brown spots on anterior margin of pronotum and veins of elytra heavily infuscated.
THE ANATOMY OF THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM OF COLEOPHORA PRUNIELLA Cl
Authors: Doner Melvin H. 
Published: January 2010

The present paper presents the results of a study of a number of dissections of the reproductive system of the cherry case bearer,Coleophora pruniellaCI. while making observations on the general morphology and biology of this species. The work was done while located at the Peninsular Branch Experiment Station at Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin.The Male (Fig. I)The reproductive system of the male is decidedly more simple than that of the female and its essential features agree with those described for other Lepidoptera.
OBSERVATIONS ON THE MEALY BUG, PHENATACOCCUS ACERIS SIG.
Authors: Gilliatt F. C. 
Published: January 2010

In the Canadian Entomologist, August, 1935, the writer presented a short life-history of the mealy bug, Phenacoccus aceris Sig. Since the preparation of the above paper, further interesting observations have been recorded.The female nymphs emerge from the winter cocoons and disseminate over the tree to feed, considerably earlier in the spring than was originally suppsed. When visiting an infested orchard near -Annapolis Royal on March 20, 1935, the writer was surprised to find that the females were already feeding in small numbers on the fruit spurs. An estimate of the emergence at this date was from 4 to 5 percent of the total infestation. A few were also observed emerging from the winter cocoons and beginning to make their way to the outer limbs. These observations were made on a clear bright day about 4 p.m. At the time, it was slightly below freezing in the shade. In the sunshine the temperature was probably a few degrees above the freezing point. There was nearly a foot of snow under the trees in the orchard.
A REVIEW OF THE NEARCTIC SPECIES OF CHLOROPISCA (DIPTERA, CHLOROPIDAE),
Authors: Sabrosky Curtis W. 
Published: January 2010

Some recently discovered changes in nomenclature led to the preparation of a synopsis of the Nearctic species of Chloropisca, which is presented with notes upon the distribution as checked by the writer and a key to the eleven known species. Chloropisca sulfurifrons Duda is included with some doubt.It is rather remarkable that among a group as common as Chloropisca so little is known regarding the life history and habits. Chloropisca glabra is the only species in which the life history is well known. Its larvae are predaceous upon root aphids,and are especially important predators of the sugar beet root aphis, Pemphigus betae Doane.
NEW LEAFHOPPERS FROM THE WESTERN UNITED STATES (HOMOPTERA-CICADELLIDAE)
Authors: Beamer R. H. 
Published: January 2010

Types of the following new species of Cicadellidae are in the Snow Entomological Collection, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas.Hebecephalus hilaris n. sp.Resembling H. crassus (DeL.) but head more roundingly blunt, female last ventral segment with median lobes sharp instead of rounded, and male style with foot distinctly boot-shaped. Length 3.25 mm.Color. Cinereous with fuscous markings. Vertex with typical three pairs of spots. Pronotum and scutellum more or less irrorate with brown. Veins of elytra light more or less regularly margined with brown. Venter more or less infuscated.
ON THE IDENTITY OF A SO-CALLED RACE OF PARNASSIUS SMINTHEUS FROM MANITOBA
Authors: McDunnouch J. 
Published: January 2010

In a recent number of the European publication Parnassiana (Vol. 111, p. 55) I was astonished to note that under the title “A Critical Revision of the Genus Parnassius based on Material in the Eisner Collection,” Messrs. Bryk and Eisner had described a race of P. smintheus with the subspecific name manitobaensis from “End Mountains, Manitoba.”As it appeared extremely problematic that Parnassius would turn up in Manitoba without rumours of the find reaching- Ottawa, I got in touch with several collectors in the province. From one, Mr. J. F. May of Norgate, Man. I received a reply that the specimens in question had been supplied by him but that they had been distinctly labelled “End Mountain, Alta.,” a locality I believe to be situated in the Banff region. Under these circumstances the name manitobaensis will sink into the synonymy of the typical race smintheus, as found in the Canadian Rockies.
TWO NEW APHIDS FROM MASSACHUSETTS
Authors: Miller Forrest W. 
Published: January 2010

Alate vivipara.—Color of head and thorax yellow to very light brown; abdomen pale yellow; cornicles, legs and the antennae concolorous with abdomen.Meusurements: Body, 2.14-2.5 mm.; hind tibia, 1.08 mm.; antennal segments, III .80-.97 mm.; IV .51-.58 mm.; V .40-.46 mm.; VI .14 plus .84-.90 mm.; cornicles, .21 mm.
NATURAL CONTROL OF THE GREY BANDED LEAF ROLLER EULIA MARIANA FERN, IN NOVA SCOTIA ORCHARDS
Authors: Gilliatt F. C. 
Published: January 2010

Eulia mariana Fern. was identified in Annapolis Valley orchards about twelve years ago and since has become one of the major orchard pests. Although outbreaks continue to occur, fruit growers should fully appreciate the value of natural control, which in one form or another is always assisting in keeping this insect in check. The various natural control factors may be recorded as follows:(1) Mortality of pupae. (2) Parasites of larvae and pupae. (3) Parasites of eggs. (4) Predators.
A RACE OF EUPHYDRYAS EDITHA BDV. (LEPIDOPTERA)
Authors: Sternitzky R. F. 
Published: January 2010

There has been much said, pro and con, on the species known as Euphydryas editha Bdv., and its forms, but it seems that the last word is still unspoken.For several months I have been working on the problem presented by this group, and it seems that the race found in the San Francisco Bay region has, by oversight, never been recorded. My attention was also drawn to this fact by Dr. McDunnough of Ottawa, to whom must go the credit.
BRACONINAE FROM WASHINGTON STATE
Authors: Shenefelt Roy T. 
Published: January 2010

Length 6 mm.; reddish yellow; beak, antennae, ovipositor sheaths, apices of hind tibiae, and posterior tarsi, dark.Female—Head: face long, rostriform; malar space five-sixths eye height; face in profile slightly impressed in middle; apices of antennal plates forming a low elevation. Slight groove between antennal plates. Lateral ocelli slightly further from each other than from median ocellus. Ocell-ocular line three times the diameter of a lateral ocellus. Margin of frontal impressions well developed, highest opposite middle of median ocellus, continuous to lateral ocelli. Face very sparsely punctate, shining.
DESCRIPTIONS OF EASTERN NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF BAETINE MAYFLIES WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE NYMPHAL STAGES
Authors: Ide F. P. 
Published: January 2010

Heterocloeon curiosum McD. (1923)The reduced median caudal filament of the nymph and the presence of a metathoracic wing in the adult would place this species in the Acentrella subdivision of the genus Baetis. This nymph is one of the commonest in the streams investigated but is confined to the lower, warmer reaches.
Invariant NKT Cells Preferentially Modulate the Function of CD8α+ Dendritic Cell Subset in Inducing Type 1 Immunity against Infection
Authors: Joyee Antony George , Uzonna Jude , Yang Xi 
Published: January 2010

AbstractAlthough studies suggest that NKT cell (NKT) activation modulates the function of dendritic cells (DCs) in inducing T cell responses, it is unknown whether this modulating effect is biased to a DC subset. We previously reported that NKT activation could modulate DC function in inducing protective T cell immunity to Chlamydia pneumoniae, an intracellular bacterial infection. In this study, we investigated the effect of NKT activation on DC subsets, using multiple approaches, including gene knockout mice, α- galactosylceramide stimulation, adoptive transfer of invariant NKT (iNKT), and functional analysis of DC subsets in both in vitro and in vivo settings. We found a preferential modulating effect of iNKTs on the CD8α+ DC subset. Specifically, we found that iNKT-deficient mice, compared with wild-type (WT) mice, showed reduced CD8α+ DC expansion with lower CD40 expression and IL-12 production, whereas enhancing iNKT activation in WT mice or adoptive transfer of iNKTs to Jα18−/− mice resulted in increased function of CD8α+ DCs in inducing type 1 immune responses. Further, DC-iNKT coculture experiments showed a direct CD40L-dependent enhancing effect of iNKTs on IL-12p70 production by CD8α+ DCs. More importantly, CD8α+ DCs from Jα18−/− mice, compared with those from WT mice, showed significantly reduced ability to activate IFN-γ–producing T cells in vitro and to induce type 1 immunity and protection in vivo. Moreover, a similar CD8α+ DC subset alteration was found in the Jα18−/− mice following Leishmania major infection. Our data provide the first direct evidence that iNKTs preferentially promote the functional development of a subset of DC to generate protective immunity against infections.
Influence of Electrostatics on the Complement Regulatory Functions of Kaposica, the Complement Inhibitor of Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus
Authors: Pyaram Kalyani , Kieslich Chris A. , Yadav Viveka Nand , Morikis Dimitrios , Sahu Arvind 
Published: January 2010

AbstractKaposica, the complement regulator of Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, inhibits complement by supporting factor I-mediated inactivation of the proteolytically activated form of C3 (C3b) and C4 (C4b) (cofactor activity [CFA]) and by accelerating the decay of classical and alternative pathway C3-convertases (decay-accelerating activity [DAA]). Previous data suggested that electrostatic interactions play a critical role in the binding of viral complement regulators to their targets, C3b and C4b. We therefore investigated how electrostatic potential on Kaposica influences its activities. We built a homology structure of Kaposica and calculated the electrostatic potential of the molecule, using the Poisson–Boltzmann equation. Mutants were then designed to alter the overall positive potential of the molecule or of each of its domains and linkers by mutating Lys/Arg to Glu/Gln, and the functional activities of the expressed mutants were analyzed. Our data indicate that 1) positive potential at specific sites and not the overall positive potential on the molecule guides the CFAs and classical pathway DAA; 2) positive potential around the linkers between complement control protein domains (CCPs) 1–2 and 2–3 is more important for DAAs than for CFAs; 3) positive potential in CCP1 is crucial for binding to C3b and C4b, and thereby its functional activities; 4) conversion to negative or enhancement of negative potential for CCPs 2–4 has a marked effect on C3b-linked activities as opposed to C4b-linked activities; and 5) reversal of the electrostatic potential of CCP4 to negative has a differential effect on classical and alternative pathway DAAs. Together, our data provide functional relevance to conservation of positive potential in CCPs 1 and 4 and the linkers of viral complement regulators.
Effects of Phonon Confinement on Anomalous Thermalization, Energy Transfer, and Upconversion in Ln3+‐Doped Gd2O3 Nanotubes
Authors: Macedo Andreia G. , Ferreira Rute A. S. , Ananias Duarte , Reis Mário S. , Amaral Vitor S. , Carlos Luís D. , Rocha João 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThere is a growing interest in understanding how size‐dependent quantum confinement affects the photoluminescence efficiency, excited‐state dynamics, energy‐transfer and thermalization phenomena in nanophosphors. For lanthanide (Ln3+)‐doped nanocrystals, despite the localized 4f states, confinement effects are induced mostly via electron–phonon interactions. In particular, the anomalous thermalization reported so far for a handful of Ln3+‐doped nanocrystals has been rationalized by the absence of low‐frequency phonon modes. This nanoconfinement may further impact on the Ln3+ luminescence dynamics, such as phonon‐assisted energy transfer or upconversion processes. Here, intriguing and unprecedented anomalous thermalization in Gd2O3:Eu3+ and Gd2O3:Yb3+,Er3+ nanotubes, exhibiting up to one order of magnitude larger than previously reported for similar materials, is reported. This anomalous thermalization induces unexpected energy transfer from Eu3+ C2 to S6 crystallographic sites, at 11 K, and 2H11/2 → 4I15/2 Er3+ upconversion emission; it is interpreted on the basis of the discretization of the phonon density of states, easily tuned by varying the annealing temperature (923–1123 K) in the synthesis procedure, and/or the Ln3+ concentration (0.16–6.60%).
Functional Nanostructured Plasmonic Materials
Authors: Yao Jimin , Le An‐Phong , Gray Stephen K. , Moore Jeffrey S. , Rogers John A. , Nuzzo Ralph G. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractPlasmonic crystals fabricated with precisely controlled arrays of subwavelength metal nanostructures provide a promising platform for sensing and imaging of surface binding events with micrometer spatial resolution over large areas. Soft nanoimprint lithography provides a robust, cost‐effective method for producing highly uniform plasmonic crystals of this type with predictable optical properties. The tunable multimode plasmonic resonances of these crystals and their ability for integration into lab‐on‐a‐chip microfluidic systems can both be harnessed to achieve exceptionally high analytical sensitivities down to submonolayer levels using even a common optical microscope, circumventing numerous technical limitations of more conventional surface plasmon resonance techniques. In this article, we highlight some recent advances in this field with an emphasis on the fabrication and characterization of these integrated devices and their demonstrated applications.
Latino worker perceptions of construction risks
Authors: Menzel Nancy Nivison , Gutierrez Antonio P. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractBackgroundConstruction is a hazardous occupation, with Latino (Hispanic) workers at a greater risk for death than other ethnicities/races. Latinos accounted for over half of construction injuries involving days away from work in Nevada in 2006.MethodsThis study recruited 30 Latino construction workers from three Southern Nevada trade unions to participate in four focus groups conducted in Spanish to determine their perceived risks for injury. Audiotapes were transcribed into English transcripts, which were analyzed for themes.ResultsThemes included language/communication difficulties, traditional Latino values, construction trade skill level differences, and health literacy. Participants were unfamiliar with the workers' compensation system.ConclusionsSmall contractors in particular should provide more effective safety training in Spanish and appropriate safety equipment. Unions should offer English language training using simulation and more information about workers' compensation rights. Occupational health providers should consider Latino beliefs and communication needs when assessing health status or providing care. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:179–187 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Baboon vaginal microbiota: an overlooked aspect of primate physiology
Authors: Rivera Angel J. , Stumpf Rebecca M. , Wilson Brenda , Leigh Steve , Salyers Abigail A. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe bacterial population of the primate vaginal canal is an infant primate's first exposure to the microbial population inhabiting the outside world. Yet, little is known about this population and the effect it might have on the development and survival of the infant primate. As a first step toward characterizing the vaginal microbiota of a nonhuman primate, we used denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis to evaluate variations in the vaginal microbiota of a group of 35 baboons (Papio hamadryas), which were housed in a facility where they shared the same diet and the same environmental conditions. We found that, despite the uniform environment, there were appreciable differences in the composition of the microbiota from one individual to another. Our results also indicate that a simple swab test is sufficient for sampling the vaginal microbiota in the field, a finding that should help make more detailed characterization of the microbiota of wild primates feasible in the future. Am. J. Primatol. 72:467–474, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Impact of yellow fever outbreaks on two howler monkey species (Alouatta guariba clamitansandA. caraya) in Misiones, Argentina
Authors: Holzmann Ingrid , Agostini Ilaria , Areta Juan Ignacio , Ferreyra Hebe , Beldomenico Pablo , Di Bitetti Mario S. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractTwo yellow fever outbreaks (YFOs) ocurred in northeastern Argentina between November 2007 and October 2008, seriously affecting populations of two howler monkey species: the brown howlerAlouatta guariba clamitansand the black howlerAlouatta caraya. Both howlers live syntopically in El Piñalito Provincial Park, Misiones, where four groups (36 individuals) were studied since January 2005. The first dead howlers were found on January 20, 2008, in El Piñalito. Systematic searches found 14 dead howlers within the area (12 from the study groups and two from neighboring groups), with only two young seen on January 25, 2008, and none found since up to December 2008. In October 2008, another YFO hit howler monkey populations from El Soberbio, Misiones. Overall, 59 howlers were found dead in Misiones from November 2007 to December 2008. Thanks to the alert of the howler's death in El Piñalito, a prompt human vaccination campaign started in the area. Wild howler monkey populations from both species are in a delicate situation in Misiones, especially the brown howler,an already endangered species in Argentina and endemic to the Atlantic Forest. If we add the recurrence of YFOs to the reduction of suitable habitat to small fragments, it could be only a matter of time until howler populations disappear from the Upper Paraná Atlantic Forest in Misiones. Am. J. Primatol. 72:475–480, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cannibalism in wild bonobos (Pan paniscus) at Lui Kotale
Authors: Fowler Andrew , Hohmann Gottfried 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWe describe the cannibalization of an infant bonobo (circa 2.5 years old) at Lui Kotale, in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The infant died of unknown causes and was consumed by several community members including its mother and an older sibling one day after death. Certain features concerning the pattern of consumption fit in with previously observed episodes of cannibalism in Pan, whereas others, such as the mother's participation in consuming the body, are notable. The incident suggests that filial cannibalism among apes need not be the result of nutritional or social stress and does not support the idea that filial cannibalism is a behavioral aberration. Am. J. Primatol. 72:509–514, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.