bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel jittered‐carrier phase‐shifted sine pulse width modulation for cascaded H‐bridge converter
Authors: Luo Dan , Lin Dong , Zhang Wenzhong , Lian Wenwu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCarrier phase‐shifted sine pulse width modulation is a common modulation strategy for medium‐ and low‐voltage cascaded H‐bridges (CHB). This paper proposes a novel jittered‐carrier phase‐shifted sine pulse width modulation (JCPS‐SPWM) to reduce the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the converter. It makes the carrier jitter regularly while the total switching times remain unchanged, which reduces the THD of the bridge arm voltage and current by moving the low‐order output harmonics of the bridge arm voltage and current to filterable high‐order harmonics. Since the total number of switching times remains unchanged, this modulation strategy will not cause any increase in switching loss. A seven‐level CHB simulation model and an experimental prototype are built to verify the effectiveness of the approach. The results show that harmonic content can be reduced by 47.5% compared with the traditional method, thus verifying the effectiveness of the JCPS‐SPWM.
IT-Angriffe an Kliniken
Authors: Pfenninger Ernst , Königsdorfer Manuel 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungKliniken gehören per definitionem zur kritischen Infrastruktur eines Landes. Vermehrt
sind in den vergangenen Jahren Krankenhäuser Ziel von Hackerangriffen mit der Folge
einer wochen- bis sogar monatelangen Beeinträchtigung ihrer Handlungsfähigkeit geworden.
Gemäß der „Nationalen Strategie zum Schutz Kritischer Infrastrukturen
(KRITIS-Strategie)“ sind Kliniken gesetzlich verpflichtet, dagegen Vorsorge zu treffen.
Dazu sollten IT-abhängige Prozesse in einer Klinik evaluiert, definiert und
Ausfallkonzepte erarbeitet werden, um auf einen Cyberangriff vorbereitet zu sein.
Spezifisch auf einen EDV-Ausfall zugeschnittene Notfallpläne sollten in allen
IT-abhängigen Bereichen einer Klinik erstellt und vorgehalten werden. Zudem sollten
papierbasierte Ersatzlösungen, wie z. B. Anforderungsbelege für Diagnostik- oder
Konsilleistungen, abteilungsspezifische Notfalldokumente und
Patientendokumentationskurven an einem gut zugänglichen und den Mitarbeitenden des
jeweiligen Bereichs bekannten Ort vorgehalten werden. Die vollständige Wiederherstellung
eines Kliniknetzwerks nach einem Cyberangriff erfordert häufig eine umfassende
Wiederherstellung zahlreicher IT-Systeme. Dies kann u. U. Wochen bis Monate dauern. Wenn
das Krankenhaus über solide Pläne zur Cyber-Notfallvorsorge verfügt, die regelmäßige
Scans und Backups in Echtzeit umfassen, können eine Stabilisierung und ein schnelleres
Wiederanlaufen des Betriebs möglich sein.
“Unveiling Unique Pathologies in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Two Intriguing Case Reports”
Authors: Baptista Peter M. , O'connor Carlos , Altoron Mahran , Rodriguez-Alcala Laura , Plaza-Mayor Guillermo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is often associated with reduced pharyngeal muscle tone and an anatomically narrowed pharyngeal airspace. We try to describe two cases with OSA that were diagnosed with vascular lesions during DISE: One of them was an aberrant internal carotid artery, and the second one was a glomus tumor. These anatomic anomalies contribute to airspace narrowing in these patients. These two cases describe an exciting presentation of sleep apnea and remind us of the importance of clinically recognizing vascular alterations to avoid damage during routine oropharyngeal procedures.
Magneto-optical efficiencies combined with surface-plasmon resonance in FeSi/Au system
Authors: Yasukawa Yukiko , Itoh Masaki , Sugita Ryo , Yamane Haruki 
Published: June 2024

We designed and fabricated our original laminated materials that simultaneously exhibited different properties: magneto-optical (MO), i.e., the transverse MO Kerr effects (T-MOKE) and surface-plasmon resonance (SPR). The material design was composed of dielectric, magnetic, and noble-metal layers. We selected the soft-magnetic FeSi thin film as a T-MOKE magnetic layer, while an Au thin film was chosen as a SPR-source layer, creating an FeSi-/Au-based “MO-SPR material.” Strong interactions between T-MOKE and SPR were demonstrated. When the material is irradiated with a laser beam of wavelength 660 nm, at the SPR angle to the material, θR, the highest T-MOKE value was attained. The T-MOKE was markedly enhanced at θR: ∼32 to ∼84 times higher compared with the FeSi single layer (reference). The T-MOKE was amplified by a strong interaction between MO activities and electromagnetic field distributions. The FeSi (5.0 nm)/Au (14.8 nm) specimen achieved the best signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The sample was then tested for its sensing efficiency by measuring the T-MOKE using distilled water and a glucose solution, respectively: It was possible to distinguish between two different solutions. Our MO-SPR materials utilizing both magnetism and near-field light are thus sufficiently sensitive to be applicable as sensing materials. Furthermore, the polarity of the T-MOKE signal is flipped under the application of a small, external magnetic field owing to the soft magnetism of the FeSi T-MOKE layer. This is highly advantageous to create high-frequency AC-magnetic synchronized T-MOKE sensing systems with low-power consumption.
Effects of ivermectin on soil nutrient cycling, plant biomass, and dung beetle abundance
Authors: Torabian Shiva , Leffler A. Joshua , Perkins Lora 
Published: June 2024

Ivermectin, a commonly used parasiticide, is known to affect dung beetle abundance when present in cattle dung. In this experimental study, we explicitly manipulated ivermectin concentrations in dung pats to examine its effects on dung beetle abundance, soil properties, and plant growth throughout the growing seasons of spring and summer in a western South Dakota grassland. Dung pats containing zero, low (2 mg/kg), and high (10 mg/kg) concentrations of ivermectin were strategically placed in the grassland in summer 2019 and spring 2021. Over a period of 63 days, we monitored changes in the nitrogen content of dung, soil, plants, as well as the abundance of dung beetles, and plant biomass. Our findings indicated that beetle abundance was 50% greater in dung pats without ivermectin, especially when the dung was fresh. However, ivermectin concentrations did not significantly alter the nitrogen content in dung and plants across both seasons, nor was there a discernible effect on plant biomass, despite the pronounced impact on dung beetle abundance.
Probing primordial black hole scenarios with terrestrial gravitational wave detectors
Authors: Domènech Guillem , Sasaki Misao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIt is possible that primordial black holes (PBHs) constitute (or constituted) a significant fraction of the energy budget of our Universe. Terrestrial gravitational wave detectors offer the opportunity to test the existence of PBHs in two different mass ranges, from102g−1016gto10−6M⊙−100M⊙. The first mass window is open via induced gravitational waves, and the second one is by gravitational waves from binary mergers. In this review, we outline and explain the different gravitational wave signatures of PBHs that may be probed by terrestrial gravitational wave detectors, such as the current LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA and future ones like Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer. We mainly focus on the associated Gravitational Wave background signals and provide rough estimates for their typical frequency and amplitude. We also discuss complementary probes for these PBH mass ranges.
Holographic thermal mapping in volumes using acoustic lenses
Authors: Cengiz Ceren , Shahab Shima 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Acoustic holographic lenses (AHLs) show great potential as a straightforward, inexpensive, and reliable method of sound manipulation. These lenses store the phase and amplitude profile of the desired wavefront when illuminated by a single acoustic source to reconstruct ultrasound pressure fields, induce localized heating, and achieve temporal and spatial thermal effects in acousto-thermal materials like polymers. The ultrasonic energy is transmitted and focused by AHL from a transducer into a particular focal volume. It is then converted to heat by internal friction in the polymer chains, causing the temperature of the polymer to rise at the focus locations while having little to no effect elsewhere. This one-of-a-kind capability is made possible by the development of AHLs to make use of the translation of attenuated pressure fields into programmable heat patterns. However, the impact of acousto-thermal dynamics on the generation of AHLs is largely unexplored. We use a machine learning-assisted single inverse problem approach for rapid and efficient AHLs’ design to generate thermal patterns. The process involves the conversion of thermal information into a holographic representation through the utilization of two latent functions: pressure phase and amplitude. Experimental verification is performed for pressure and thermal measurements. The volumetric acousto-thermal analyses of experimental samples are performed to offer a knowledge of the obtained pattern dynamics, as well as the applicability of holographic thermal mapping for precise volumetric temperature control. Finally, the proposed framework aims to provide a solid foundation for volumetric analysis of acousto-thermal patterns within thick samples and for assessing thermal changes with outer surface measurements.
Robust superconductivity and the suppression of charge-density wave in the quasi-skutterudites

Ca

3

(

Ir

1
−
x

Rh

x

)

4

Sn

13

single crystals at ambient pressure
Authors: Krenkel Elizabeth H , Tanatar Makariy A , Ghimire Sunil , Joshi Kamal R , Chen Shuzhang , Petrovic Cedomir , Prozorov Ruslan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Single crystals of the quasi-skutterudite compounds Ca3(Ir1-xRhx)4Sn13 (3–4–13) were synthesized by flux growth and characterized by x-ray diffraction, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, magnetization, resistivity, and radio frequency magnetic susceptibility techniques. The coexistence and competition between the charge density wave (CDW) and superconductivity was studied by varying the Rh/Ir ratio. The superconducting transition temperature,

T

c

, varies from 7 K in pure Ir (x = 0) to 8.3 K in pure Rh (x = 1). Temperature-dependent electrical resistivity reveals monotonic suppression of the CDW transition temperature, T
CDW(x). The CDW starts in pure Ir, x = 0, at T
CDW ≈ 40 K and extrapolates roughly linearly to zero at

x
c

≈

0.53–0.58 under the superconducting dome. Magnetization and transport measurements show a significant influence of CDW on superconducting and normal states. Meissner expulsion is substantially reduced in the CDW region, indicating competition between the CDW and superconductivity. The low-temperature resistivity is higher in the CDW part of the phase diagram, consistent with the reduced density of states due to CDW gapping. Its temperature dependence just above

T

c

shows signs of non-Fermi liquid behavior in a cone-like composition pattern. We conclude that the Ca3(Ir1-xRhx)4Sn13 alloy is a good candidate for a composition-driven quantum critical point at ambient pressure.
Localization for surface microseismic monitoring based on arrival time correction and VFOM
Authors: Wang Chunlu , Xu Zeyan , He Renjie , Zhang Linhang , Wang Jiang , Zhou Xiaohua , Chen Zubin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Unconventional resources have emerged as the primary source to meet the escalating demand for energy consumption, with hydraulic fracturing standing out as an effective means of boosting production. The utilization of microseismic monitoring is crucial for acquiring real-time or semi-real-time extension information of the fracture network to guide the fracturing process. The precise positioning of microseismic events is a fundamental aspect of microseismic monitoring. Traditional methods relying on (relative) arrival time significantly impact positioning accuracy due to picking errors. While waveform-based methods offer high accuracy, they require precise velocity models and are time-consuming. To overcome challenges associated with arrival time pickup and velocity accuracy, we introduce a virtual field optimization method (VFOM) based on arrival time correction. Initially, an equivalent velocity model is established, and the arrival time difference resulting from the model transformation of the master event is calculated to correct the observed arrival time of the target event. Subsequently, we match detector pairs, establish hyperboloids based on the corrected arrival time difference, and employ the intersection point of all hyperboloids as the positioning result. After that, we use the location results of the master event to enhance the accuracy of the target event. Finally, we apply the proposed method to both synthetic test and field datasets, demonstrating a significant improvement in the positioning accuracy and stability provided by the novel method. The robustness against arrival time error renders it a suitable choice for surface monitoring applications where signal quality is compromised. Furthermore, the simplified velocity model significantly diminishes the computational requirements in the positioning process, enhancing its efficiency, and consequently holds vast potential for application in real-time monitoring.
Constraint-following control for dynamic systems with comprehensive constraints: the generalized Udwadia–Kalaba approach
Authors: Yu Rongrong , Lu Si , Zhu Weiyong , Wei Cui , Chen Ye-Hwa , Li Chenming 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A novel generalized Udwadia–Kalaba (GUK) control method is proposed in this paper to effectively deal with the constraint-following problem with comprehensive constraints, be it equality constraints or inequality constraints. Fully considering the complex application scenario in practice which encompasses both clear and feasible trajectory, the equality constraints and inequality constraints are simultaneously applied to design rational and reliable controller. Specifically, a state transformation function is introduced to describe the inequality constraints. Further, the dynamic model with comprehensive constraints is established based on the GUK theory. Then, a corresponding constraint-following control is presented to render the system performance, uniform boundedness and uniform ultimate boundedness. The effectiveness of the GUK control is verfied by the stability analysis based on Lyapunov minimax apprach and experimental verification of unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV). The desired control performances of UUV, constraint-following and collision avoidance, can be achieved. As an illustrative application, the UUV is designed to navigate through narrow sea trenches. Meanwhile, through comparative analysis with the linear quadratic regulator method and UK method, the superiority of this approach is demonstrated.
Developing technologies to assess vascular ageing: a roadmap from VascAgeNet
Authors: Zanelli Serena , Agnoletti Davide , Alastruey Jordi , Allen John , Bianchini Elisabetta , Bikia Vasiliki , Boutouyrie Pierre , Bruno Rosa Maria , Climie Rachel , Djeldjli Djammaleddine , Gkaliagkousi Eugenia , Giudici Alessandro , Gopcevic Kristina , Grillo Andrea , Guala Andrea , Hametner Bernhard , Joseph Jayaraj , Karimpour Parmis , Kodithuwakku Vimarsha , Kyriacou Panicos A , Lazaridis Antonios , Lønnebakken Mai Tone , Martina Maria Raffaella , Mayer Christopher Clemens , Nabeel P M , Navickas Petras , Nemcsik János , Orter Stefan , Park Chloe , Pereira Telmo , Pucci Giacomo , Rey Ana Belen Amado , Salvi Paolo , Seabra Ana Carolina Gonçalves , Seeland Ute , van Sloten Thomas , Spronck Bart , Stansby Gerard , Steens Indra , Stieglitz Thomas , Tan Isabella , Veerasingham Dave , Wassertheurer Siegfried , Weber Thomas , Westerhof Berend E , Charlton Peter H 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Vascular ageing (vascular ageing) is the deterioration of arterial structure and function which occurs naturally with age, and which can be accelerated with disease. Measurements of vascular ageing are emerging as markers of cardiovascular risk, with potential applications in disease diagnosis and prognosis, and for guiding treatments. However, vascular ageing is not yet routinely assessed in clinical practice. A key step towards this is the development of technologies to assess vascular ageing. In this Roadmap, experts discuss several aspects of this process, including: measurement technologies; the development pipeline; clinical applications; and future research directions. The Roadmap summarises the state of the art, outlines the major challenges to overcome, and identifies potential future research directions to address these challenges.
Pendulum type magnetically coupled rotary piezoelectric energy harvester
Authors: Liu Xuejin , Yan Yongfeng , Zhong Feng , Yang Jingwei , Zhang Limin , He Lipeng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This research proposes a rotary motion-based non-contact pendulum piezoelectric energy harvester (P-PEH). The working region of the piezoelectric vibrator can be maintained in a magnetically coupled system at all times by means of a motion conversion mechanism. The combination of the motion conversion mechanism and the magnetic coupling system not only reduces the loss of the piezoelectric material, but also improves the output performance of the piezoelectric vibrator. The paper investigates the effects of the excitation distance L, the radius of the base circle R, and the number of excitation magnets N on the output performance of the P-PEH. When the input speed of 600 rpm, L = 10 mm, R = 21 mm, and N = 1, the peak-to-peak voltage (Vpp
) is 58.75 V. At this parameter, the output power of the device with an external 20 kΩ load is 0.0187 W. The viability of P-PEH was finally demonstrated through several application testing. P-PEH can easily light up 63 LEDs while its output energy can keep the temperature and humidity sensor in use. In summary, P-PEH can effectively collect external rotational energy for power storage and supply, and supply electricity to wireless sensor networks and microelectronic devices with further studies.
Humidity effect on electromechanical breakdown of dielectric elastomers subject to a ramp voltage
Authors: Zuo Yuchen , Huang Zihuan , Zhang Junshi , Liu Lei , Zhu Jihong , Zhang Weihong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
As is known, the external excitations, material parameters, and ambient environment may affect the electromechanical properties of dielectric elastomers (DEs), which directly induce the occurrence of electrical breakdown. In this paper, we experimentally and theoretically studied the effects of voltage ramp rate, ambient humidity, electrode material, and pre-stretch on electromechanical deformation and electrical breakdown of DEs. By coupling the above four factors, the nonlinear constitutive model and electrical breakdown model of the viscoelastic DE are developed, which are shown to be consistent with the experimental observations. Firstly, when the ramp voltages with different rate are loaded to the same value, a larger voltage ramp rate leads to a smaller stretch and a higher electrical breakdown field strength of the elastomer. Besides, as the humidity increases, the electromechanical deformation increases and the electrical breakdown field decreases. In addition, it is found that different electrode materials show diverse sensitivity to the electromechanical deformation and breakdown field. Finally, with the increase of the pre-stretch from 2 to 4, the deformation and breakdown field both show an upward trend.
Design optimization of surface acoustic wave devices and investigation of fabricated devices under temperature, humidity and steam environments
Authors: Anbalagan Suganya , Lakshminarayanan Sujatha , Girija K G 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) technique is one of the most promising Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) based detection methods for a variety of applications. SAW sensor is based on the modulation of Rayleigh waves that travel near the surface of a piezoelectric substrate. Advent of MEMS technology has led to the development of SAW sensors which are widely used in chemical sensing, medical, industrial, telecommunication and biological applications. The main focus of this paper is to devise and characterize a generic SAW structure and study the acoustic properties at various environmental conditions before depositing the sensing layer/analyte for any particular application. In this work, a SAW device was designed using COMSOL Multiphysics for a resonant frequency of 100 MHz with 40 μm wavelength on Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3) piezoelectric substrate. The optimized device structure was fabricated using thin film deposition and UV photolithography. The resonant frequency of the fabricated device (97.63 MHz) matched closely with the simulation results (100 MHz) and theoretical results (100 MHz). The device was subjected to various environmental conditions to study the influence on the resonant frequency. The SAW structure showed a resonant frequency shift of 90 KHz in steam environment, ∼ 1 MHz when heated to 150 °C and ∼ 120 KHz when exposed to 80% RH. The device exhibited a linear shift in resonant frequency under all tested environmental conditions with a consistent baseline and good repeatability.
Progress of research on the surface functionalization of tantalum and porous tantalum in bone tissue engineering
Authors: Li Xudong , Zhu Liwei , Che Zhenjia , Liu Tengyue , Yang Chengzhe , Huang Lanfeng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Tantalum and porous tantalum are ideal materials for making orthopedic implants due to their stable chemical properties and excellent biocompatibility. However, their utilization is still affected by loosening, infection, and peripheral inflammatory reactions, which sometimes ultimately lead to implant removal. An ideal bone implant should have exceptional biological activity, which can improve the surrounding biological microenvironment to enhance bone repair. Recent advances in surface functionalization have produced various strategies for developing compatibility between either of the two materials and their respective microenvironments. This review provides a systematic overview of state-of-the-art strategies for conferring biological functions to tantalum and porous tantalum implants. Furthermore, the review describes methods for preparing active surfaces and different bioactive substances that are used, summarizing their functions. Finally, this review discusses current challenges in the development of optimal bone implant materials.
Analytical description of the ionic relaxation in the presence of surface adsorption
Authors: Barbero Giovanni , Aliyev Yagub , Scarfone Antonio M 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe temporal evolution of the surface electric field in a cell in the presence of ionic adsorption is investigated. The analysis is performed in the framework of the Poisson–Nernst–Planck model, based on the conservation of particles and the equation of Poisson for the actual electric potential across the cell, assuming that only the ions of a given sign are mobile. The adsorption is described using a kinetic equation of Langmuir’s type. The simple case of small adsorption is considered, in which the saturation effect can be neglected, and the fundamental equations of the model can be linearized. In this framework, the effective relaxation time describing the dynamics of the system is evaluated, as well as the profiles of the ions and the electric field. The case in which the sample is a half-space is first considered. A more realistic situation where the sample is a slab of thicknessd, limited by two identical or different electrodes, is analyzed too. The difference in electric potential due to the adsorption phenomenon between the electrodes is determined. Our analysis shows that its time dependence, when the electrodes have different adsorption properties, is not monotonic.