bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between bacterial community and cadmium distribution across Colombian cacao crops
Authors: Jaramillo-Mazo Claudia , Bravo Daniel , Guerra Sierra Beatriz E. , Alvarez Javier C. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Assessing the bacterial community composition across cacao crops is important to understand its potential role as a modulator of cadmium (Cd) translocation to plant tissues under field conditions; Cd mobility between soil and plants is a complex and multifactorial problem that cannot be captured only by experimentation. Although microbes have been shown to metabolize and drive the speciation of Cd under controlled conditions, regardless of the link between soil bacterial community (SBC) dynamics and Cd mobilization in the rhizosphere, only a few studies have addressed the relationship between soil bacterial community composition (SBCC) and Cd content in cacao seeds (Cd
seed
). Therefore, this study aimed to explore the association between SBCC and different factors influencing the distribution of Cd across cacao crop systems. This study comprised 225 samples collected across five farms, where we used an amplicon sequencing approach to characterize the bacterial community composition. The soil Cd concentration alone (Cd
soil
) was a poor predictor of Cd
seed
. Still, we found that this relationship was more apparent when the variation within farms was controlled, suggesting a role of heterogeneity within farms in modulating Cd translocation and, thus, seed Cd content. Our results provide evidence of the link between soil bacterial communities and the distribution of Cd across Colombian cacao crops, and highlight the importance of incorporating fine-spatial-scale studies to advance the understanding of factors driving Cd uptake and accumulation in cacao plants.

IMPORTANCE
Cadmium (Cd) content in cacao crops is an issue that generates interest due to the commercialization of chocolate for human consumption. Several studies provided evidence about the non-biological factors involved in its translocation into the cacao plant. However, factors related to this process, including soil bacterial community composition (SBCC), still need to be addressed. It is well known that soil microbiome could impact compounds’ chemical transformation, including Cd, on the field. Here, we found the first evidence of the link between soil bacterial community composition and Cd concentration in cacao soils and seeds. It highlights the importance of including the variation of bacterial communities to assess the factors driving the Cd translocation into cacao seeds. Moreover, the results highlight the relevance of the spatial heterogeneity within and across cacao farms, influencing the variability of Cd concentrations.
Kidney outcomes of SGLT2 inhibitors among older patients with diabetic kidney disease in real-world clinical practice: the Japan Chronic Kidney Disease Database Ex
Authors: Kitaoka Kaori , Yano Yuichiro , Nagasu Hajime , Kanegae Hiroshi , Chishima Noriharu , Akiyama Hiroki , Tamura Kouichi , Kashihara Naoki 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionWe compared the kidney outcomes between patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) aged ≥75 years initiating sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors versus other glucose-lowering drugs, additionally presenting with or without proteinuria.Research design and methodsUsing the Japan Chronic Kidney Disease Database, we developed propensity scores, implementing a 1:1 matching protocol. The primary outcome included the decline rate in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and secondary outcomes incorporated a composite of a 40% reduction in eGFR or progression to end-stage kidney disease.ResultsAt baseline, the mean age at initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors (n=348) or other glucose-lowering medications (n=348) was 77.7 years. The mean eGFR was 59.3 mL/min/1.73m2and proteinuria was 230 (33.0%) patients. Throughout the follow-up period, the mean annual rate of eGFR change was −0.80 mL/min/1.73 m2/year (95% CI −1.05 to −0.54) among SGLT2 inhibitors group and −1.78 mL/min/1.73 m2/year (95% CI −2.08 to −1.49) in other glucose-lowering drugs group (difference in the rate of eGFR decline between the groups was 0.99 mL/min/1.73 m2/year (95% CI 0.5 to 1.38)), favoring SGLT2 inhibitors (p<0.001). Composite renal outcomes were observed 38 in the SGLT2 inhibitors group and 57 in the other glucose-lowering medications group (HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.97). There was no evidence of an interaction between SGLT2 inhibitors initiation and proteinuria.ConclusionsThe benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors on renal outcomes are also applicable to older patients with DKD aged≥75 years.
Understanding the interaction between support and social participation for people with physical disabilities: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Evans Rebecca , Douglas Jacinta , Winkler Di , Cubis Lee 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionAround the world, the disability rights movements and the social model of disability have placed emphasis on the importance of social participation for people with disability. People with physical disability who have high and complex support needs often need support to access their communities, however, very little is known about the interaction between support and social participation for this population of people. Therefore, the aim of this scoping review is to explore the literature related to the interaction between support and social participation for adults with disability and understand any existing gaps in the literature where further research may be required in order to maximise quality support and social participation.Methods and analysisThis scoping review will be conducted and reported according to scoping review guidelines outlined by Arksey and O’Malley and later modified by Levacet al, as well as the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis: Extension for Scoping Reviews. Thorough database searches will be conducted across MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Scopus. The search will be limited to papers published in English from 2013 onwards. Citations will be uploaded into Covidence and screened by two independent reviewers. Data extraction will extract data regarding participants, housing, support and study characteristics, as well as qualitative and quantitative data relevant to the research question. A narrative synthesis will be used to summarise findings. A minimum of three consultants with lived experience of disability will be engaged to review and contribute to the final scoping review paper.Ethics and disseminationIt is anticipated that the findings of this scoping review will be made available in peer-reviewed publications and also in plain language formats to ensure accessibility to a wide range of audiences. Ethics will not be required for this scoping review.
HIV subtypes and molecular transmission characteristics among elderly HIV-infected individuals aged 50 and above: a cross-sectional study in Huzhou City, Eastern China
Authors: Jin Meihua , Zhu Xiaojuan , Yang Zhongrong , Liu Xiaoqi , Li Jing , Wu Zhenqian 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveTo analyse the HIV-1 subtypes and molecular transmission characteristics of HIV-infected older individuals aged 50 and above in Huzhou City, and provide a scientific basis for prevention and treatment strategies for them.DesignA cross-sectional study with clustered molecular transmission network cases was performed, and basic epidemiological information was retrieved from the Chinese Centres for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC) Information System.Setting and participantsA molecular epidemiological study was conducted in 899 newly diagnosed HIV-infected individuals from January 2019 and March 2023 in Huzhou city, Zhejiang province, Eastern China. Out of these, HIV sequences were successfully obtained from 673 individuals, including 274 who were older individuals aged 50 and above.Primary and secondary outcomesReverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nested PCR were used to amplify the polymerase gene of HIV-1, and gene sequencing was performed. We used univariate and multivariate logistic regression to describe the association of clustered molecular transmission network cases.ResultsIn total, 274 valid HIV sequences of older individuals were obtained, which revealed 14 subtypes. Circulating recombinant forms (CRF) 07_BC accounted for 55.8% and CRF01_AE accounted for 20.1% of the subtypes. Data of 150 older individuals were included in the molecular transmission network, and the proportion of elderly individuals in clustered cases is 52.26% (150/287). The results of multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the older age group (60–82 years) and CRF07_BC subtype were associated with case clustering (transmission risk).ConclusionsThe key high-risk transmission network was mainly composed of the older age group (60–82 years) and CRF07_BC subtype. It is necessary to further strengthen AIDS health promotion and education for individuals aged 60 years and above, as well as for patients with the CRF07_BC subtype, to reduce HIV transmission and clustering risk.
Mechanical normal dispersive 𝒩ℒℋ𝒮 shock waves of microfluidics in shallow model
Authors: Şevgin Fatih , Körpinar Talat 
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we obtain normal dispersive [Formula: see text] shock waves for [Formula: see text] dam-break intensity by the nonlinear heat system. Then, we obtain super-fluid normal dispersive [Formula: see text] shock waves for [Formula: see text] dam-break microfluidics. Finally, we illustrate thermonormal [Formula: see text] pressure of [Formula: see text] wave energy with normal dam-break in shallow water.
De fantasia e vingança- "Um muito humano Fabiano"
Authors: Barros Luzia Carvalho 
Published: May 2024

Buscando perscrutar o interior do protagonista de Vidas Secas, de Graciliano Ramos, analisaremos as noites descritas no romance, iluminadas por velas ou fogueiras, cuja luz se reflete no interior da personagem, levando-a à reflexão. O percurso do protagonista para reaver sua dignidade, após a prisão, levando-o a querer ser um cangaceiro, é analisado com base nas concepções de banditismo de Eric Hobsbawm e na relação entre fome e banditismo entendida por Josué de Castro. Lembrando que, na busca da superação, a entrada para o mundo do crime é uma possibilidade humana em cenários de crise de abastecimento.
Long-term Outcome Comparison of 2 Techniques for Embolization of Splenic Artery Aneurysms
Authors: Troisi Nicola , Bertagna Giulia , Tomei Francesca , Adami Daniele , Cioni Roberto , Perrone Orsola , Juszczak Maciej , Berchiolli Raffaella 
Published: May 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study is to analyze our single-center experience in endovascular treatment of splenic artery aneurysms (SAAs) with transcatheter coil embolization, comparing long-term outcomes of packing and sandwich techniques. Materials and Methods: Between January 2010 and December 2021, 28 patients with certain diagnosis of non-ruptured asymptomatic SAA were treated with 2 different embolization techniques (packing, n=10, and sandwich, n=18). Early outcomes assessed were technical success, overall mortality, mean hospital stay, post-embolization syndrome rate, and freedom from splenectomy rate. Estimated 5-year outcomes in terms of freedom from sac reperfusion, and freedom from reintervention were evaluated and compared between the 2 different embolization techniques. Results: The mean SAA diameter was 2.8±0.8 cm. Overall technical success rate was 100%. Intraoperative and 30-day mortality rates were 0 in both groups. One patient in the sandwich group required a postoperative splenectomy. The mean follow-up period was 58.3±44.5 months. Estimated overall 5-year survival was 86.7%. Five-year freedom from sac reperfusion was 100% in the sandwich group, and 85.7% in the packing group, with no difference between the 2 groups (p=0.131), whereas freedom from reintervention was 100% in the sandwich group, and 75% in the packing group with a statistically significant difference (p=0.049; log-rank=3.750). Conclusions: Embolization of SAAs seemed to be safe and effective with 100% of technical success rate and good perioperative results. Both sandwich and packing techniques yielded promising results also in the long-term period. Clinical Impact Transcatheter coil embolization of splenic artery aneurysms seems to be a safe and effective procedure with a 100% technical success and satisfactory perioperative outcomes. Sandwich and packing techniques offer good results in the long-term period. Freedom from reintervention seems to be optimal and comparable between the 2 techniques.
Determinants of cognitive dysfunction in adults with sickle cell–related stroke or suspected neurological morbidity
Authors: Messimeris Despina , Bismuth Hugo , Provost Corentin , Emaer Clémentine , Mélé Nicolas , Kitenge Robert , Arlet Jean-Benoit , Joseph Laure , Ranque Brigitte , Bartolucci Pablo , Narme Pauline , Calvet David 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The prognosis of sickle cell disease (SCD) in adults is determined primarily by damage to targeted organs such as the brain. Cognitive dysfunction in SCD is a common chronic neurological manifestation, but studies remain mostly descriptive in adults. The objective of this study was to better characterize the cognitive profile and the association between cognitive dysfunction and brain lesions. We included adult patients with SCD referred for a neurological assessment. An adapted battery of neuropsychological tests was used to assess cognitive deficits. Brain or arterial abnormalities were assessed using brain magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance angiography and a cervical and transcranial Doppler ultrasound. The cognitive profile of 96 patients was characterized by deficits in processing speed (58%), short-term memory (34%), and working memory (24%). Brain infarcts were found in 56% of patients and intracranial vasculopathy in 49%. Twenty percent of patients had no brain abnormalities. Processing speed dysfunction was associated with territorial infarcts (odds ratio [OR], 3.1; P = .03) and education outside of France (OR, 4.7; P = .02). Short-term memory dysfunction was associated with territorial infarcts (OR, 3.4; P = .01) and a low educational level (OR, 8.2; P = .01). Working memory dysfunction was associated with a low educational level (OR, 4.3; P = .05) and vasculopathy (OR, 3.7; P = .03). Cognitive dysfunction appears to be a hallmark sign of SCD, particularly for adults with sickle cell-related stroke or suspected neurological morbidity. Assessment of such dysfunction could be used in longitudinal follow-up and clinical trials.
Geographic EBV variants confound disease-specific variant interpretation and predict variable immune therapy responses
Authors: Briercheck Edward L. , Ravishankar Shashidhar , Ahmed Elshafa Hassan , Carías Alvarado César Camilo , Barrios Menéndez Juan Carlos , Silva Oscar , Solórzano-Ortiz Elizabeth , Siliézar Tala Marcos Mauricio , Stevenson Philip , Xu Yuexin , Wohns Anthony Wilder , Enriquez-Vera Daniel , Barrionuevo Carlos , Yu Shan-Chi , Freud Aharon G. , Oakes Christopher , Weigel Christoph , Weinstock David M. , Klimaszewski Haley L. , Ngankeu Apollinaire , Mutalima Nora , Samayoa-Reyes Gabriela , Newton Robert , Rochford Rosemary , Valvert Fabiola , Natkunam Yasodha , Shustov Andrei , Baiocchi Robert A. , Warren Edus H. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a potent carcinogen linked to hematologic and solid malignancies and causes significant global morbidity and mortality. Therapy using allogeneic EBV-specific lymphocytes shows promise in certain populations, but the impact of EBV genome variation on these strategies remains unexplored. To address this, we sequenced 217 EBV genomes, including hematologic malignancies from Guatemala, Peru, Malawi, and Taiwan, and analyzed them alongside 1307 publicly available EBV genomes from cancer, nonmalignant diseases, and healthy individuals across Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, and South America. These included, to our knowledge, the first natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) EBV genomes reported outside of East Asia. Our findings indicate that previously proposed EBV genome variants specific to certain cancer types are more closely tied to geographic origin than to cancer histology. This included variants previously reported to be specific to NKTCL but were prevalent in EBV genomes from other cancer types and healthy individuals in East Asia. After controlling for geographic region, we did identify multiple NKTCL-specific variants associated with a 7.8-fold to 21.9-fold increased risk. We also observed frequent variations in EBV genomes that affected peptide sequences previously reported to bind common major histocompatibility complex alleles. Finally, we found several nonsynonymous variants spanning the coding sequences of current vaccine targets BALF4, BKRF2, BLLF1, BXLF2, BZLF1, and BZLF2. These results highlight the need to consider geographic variation in EBV genomes when devising strategies for exploiting adaptive immune responses against EBV-related cancers, ensuring greater global effectiveness and equity in prevention and treatment.
Dysregulated dendritic cells in sepsis: functional impairment and regulated cell death
Authors: Zheng Li-yu , Duan Yu , He Peng-yi , Wu Meng-yao , Wei Shu-ting , Du Xiao-hui , Yao Ren-qi , Yao Yong-ming 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Studies have indicated that immune dysfunction plays a central role in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial role in the emergence of immune dysfunction in sepsis. The major manifestations of DCs in the septic state are abnormal functions and depletion in numbers, which are linked to higher mortality and vulnerability to secondary infections in sepsis. Apoptosis is the most widely studied pathway of number reduction in DCs. In the past few years, there has been a surge in studies focusing on regulated cell death (RCD). This emerging field encompasses various forms of cell death, such as necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy-dependent cell death (ADCD). Regulation of DC’s RCD can serve as a possible therapeutic focus for the treatment of sepsis. Throughout time, numerous tactics have been devised and effectively implemented to improve abnormal immune response during sepsis progression, including modifying the functions of DCs and inhibiting DC cell death. In this review, we provide an overview of the functional impairment and RCD of DCs in septic states. Also, we highlight recent advances in targeting DCs to regulate host immune response following septic challenge.
Graphical Abstract
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy with sustained ventricular tachycardia: a case report
Authors: Ban Ying , Yao Feng-juan , Li Wei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is an infrequent hereditary disorder distinguished by fibrofatty replacement of the myocardium in the right ventricular, which predisposes individuals to life-threatening arrhythmias. This case delineates an ARVC patient who suffered recurrent bouts of sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT). In this case, we mainly discuss the application of myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) in displaying myocardial fibrosis in patients with ARVC.

Case presentation
A 43-year-old male experienced three episodes of unexplained VT over an eight-year period, accompanied by symptoms of chest discomfort, palpitations and dizziness. Coronary angiography revealed no significant coronary stenosis. The electrocardiogram (ECG) results indicated characteristic epsilon waves in right precordial leads, and subsequent echocardiography identified right ventricular enlargement and right ventricular systolic dysfunction. MCE further disclosed regional myocardial ischemia at the epicardium of the left ventricular apex. Ultimately, cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) corroborated the ARVC diagnosis, highlighting linear intensification in the right ventricle during the delayed enhancement.

Conclusion
Prompt identification of ARVC is crucial for timely intervention and management. MCE may offer an effective and valuable technique for the detection of myocardial involvement in ARVC patient.
Non-linear relationship between serum cholesterol levels and cognitive change among older people in the preclinical and prodromal stages of dementia: a retrospective longitudinal study in Taiwan
Authors: Chang Hsin-Te , Chan Po-Chi , Chiu Pai-Yi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Adverse effects of rigorously lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol on cognition have been reported; therefore, we aimed to study the contribution of serum cholesterol in cognitive decline in older people with or without dementia.

Methods
Cognitive function was assessed by the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI). We investigated associations between serum cholesterol with cognitive decline using multiple regressions controlling for the effects of demographics, vascular risk factors, and treatments.

Results
Most associations between cholesterol and CASI scores could be explained by non-linear and inverted U-shaped relationships (R2 = 0.003–0.006, p < 0.016, Šidákcorrection). The relationships were most evident between changes in cholesterol and CASI scores in older people at the preclinical or prodromal stages of dementia (R2 = 0.02–0.064, p values < 0.016). There were no differences in level of changes in CASI scores between individuals in 1st decile and 10th decile groups of changes in cholesterol (p = 0.266–0.972). However, individuals in the 1st decile of triglyceride changes and with stable and normal cognitive functions showed significant improvement in CASI scores compared to those in the 10th decile (t(202) = 2.275, p values < 0.05).

Conclusion
These findings could implicate that rigorously lowering cholesterol may not be suitable for the prevention of cognitive decline among older people, especially among individuals in preclinical or prodromal stages of dementia.
Relative frequencies and clinical features of Guillain-Barré Syndrome before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in North China
Authors: Li Yaqian , Zhao Rongjuan , Li Ling , Xue Huiru , Meng Huaxing , Li Guanxi , Liang Feng , Zhang Huiqiu , Ma Jing , Pang Xiaomin , Wang Juan , Chang Xueli , Guo Junhong , Zhang Wei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective
Most studies investigated the relationship between COVID-19 and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) by comparing the incidence of GBS before and during the pandemic of COVID-19. However, the findings were inconsistent, probably owing to varying degrees of the lockdown policy. The quarantine requirements and travel restrictions in China were lifted around December 7, 2022. This study aimed to explore whether the relative frequency of GBS increased during the major outbreak in the absence of COVID-19-mandated social restrictions in China.

Methods
GBS patients admitted to the First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, from December 7, 2022 to February 20, 2023, and from June, 2017 to August, 2019 were included. The relative frequencies of GBS in hospitalized patients during different periods were compared. The patients with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection within six weeks prior to GBS onset formed the COVID-GBS group and non-COVID-GBS group, respectively.

Results
The relative frequency of GBS among hospitalized patients during the major outbreak of COVID-19 (13/14,408) was significantly higher than that before the COVID-19 epidemic (29/160,669, P < 0.001). More COVID-GBS patients (11/13) presented AIDP subtype than non-COVID-GBS cases (10/27, P = 0.003). The mean interval between onset of infective symptoms and GBS was longer in COVID-GBS (21.54 ± 11.56 days) than in non-COVID-GBS (5.76 ± 3.18 days, P < 0.001).

Conclusions
COVID-19 significantly increased the incidence of GBS. Most COVID-GBS patients fell into the category of AIDP, responded well to IVIg, and had a favorable prognosis.