bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Working memory for ballet moves and spatial locations in professional ballet dancers
Authors: Cortese Antonio , Rossi‐Arnaud Clelia 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate working memory for ballet moves in expert dancers. Experiment 1 showed that a concurrent spatial task did not interfere with the recall of a sequence of ballet moves when these were encoded alone without being associated with spatial locations. Experiment 2 showed that a concurrent motor task selectively interfered with the recall of ballet moves while neither a concurrent motor task nor a spatial task affected recall of the specific locations where each ballet move had to be performed. Experiment 3 showed that spatial interference affected recall of sequences of locations when these were encoded alone. Finally, in Experiment 4, a similarity effect for patterned ballet movements was shown. Taken together results show that spatial interference does not affect short‐term memory for ballet moves thus suggesting that working memory might contain a system for motor configurations. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Carbon Nanotubes Anchored to Silicon for Device Fabrication
Authors: Constantopoulos Kristina T. , Shearer Cameron J. , Ellis Amanda V. , Voelcker Nicolas H. , Shapter Joseph G. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThis report highlights recent progress in the fabrication of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VA‐CNTs) on silicon‐based materials. Research into these nanostructured composite materials is spurred by the importance of silicon as a basis for most current devices and the disruptive properties of CNTs. Various CNT attachments methods of covalent and adsorptive nature are critically compared. Selected examples of device applications where the VA‐CNT on silicon assemblies are showing particular promise are discussed. These applications include field emitters, filtration membranes, dry adhesives, sensors and scaffolds for biointerfaces.magnified image
Dopamine transporter gene polymorphism moderates the effects of severe deprivation on ADHD symptoms: Developmental continuities in gene–environment interplay
Authors: Stevens Suzanne E. , Kumsta Robert , Kreppner Jana M. , Brookes Keeley J. , Rutter Michael , Sonuga‐Barke Edmund J. S. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractEarly institutional deprivation is a risk factor for Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms. However not all individuals are affected. We tested the hypothesis that this heterogeneity is influenced by gene x environment (GxE) interaction and that genetic polymorphisms involved in dopamine neurotransmission moderate the effects of severe early institutional deprivation on symptoms of ADHD (sADHD). Using a prospective‐longitudinal design sADHD were measured at ages 6, 11, and 15 years in a sample of individuals who experienced severe institutional deprivation (up to 42 months of age) in Romanian orphanages and a non‐institutionalized comparison group. Individuals were genotyped for polymorphisms in the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4 48‐bp VNTR in exon 3) and dopamine transporter gene (DAT1 haplotypes combining a 40‐bp VNTR in 3'UTR and a 30‐bp VNTR in intron 8). The risk for sADHD associated with early institutional deprivation was moderated by the DAT1 but not the DRD4 genotypes; an effect that was first apparent in early‐, and persisted to mid‐adolescence. The results (i) provide evidence for developmental continuities in G x E interaction, (ii) explain some of the heterogeneity in ADHD outcomes following institutional deprivation and, (iii) add to our understanding of environmental determinants of sADHD. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interaction among genes influencing ethanol metabolism and sex is association with alcohol use disorders in a Tibet population
Authors: Guo Wanjun , Wang Qiang , Lanzi Gongga , Luobu Ouzhu , Ma Xiaohong , Wang Yingcheng , Zhen Puo , Ji Yulin , Wei Geng , Wang Zheng , Deng Wei , Zhuoma Basang , Shi Xiaoming , Yan Chengyin , He Chan , Liu Xiehe , Wu Yuejing , Luo Hongrong , Collier David A , Ball David , Li Tao , Hu Xun 
Published: August 2009

AbstractAssociations between alcohol use disorders and polymorphisms of genes influencing ethanol metabolism have been widely reported, but gene–gene and gene–sex interaction studies have rarely been examined. Using a set of samples collected during an epidemiological study of alcohol use disorders AUDs in a Tibetan population in China, we performed a case–control study to investigate the relationship between the functional polymorphisms of genes influencing ethanol metabolism and AUDs. The sample included 383 individuals with an AUDIT score ≥10 and 350 control subjects with the AUDIT score ≤5. All participants were genotyped for ALDH2*1/*2, ADH1B*1/*2, and CYP2E1*c1/c2*. Data were analyzed employing an integrated strategy using MDR, SPSS, and UNPHASED software. The MDR analysis showed that the four‐factor model including ADH1B*1/*2, ALDH2*1/*2, and CYP2E1*c1/*c2 polymorphisms, and sex was the most accurate model associated with AUDs with the highest OR 3.299. It also revealed that CYP2E1 *c1/*c2 polymorphism interacted significantly with sex. Independent analysis confirmed that both ADH2*2 and ALDH2*2 allele were significantly associated with AUDs (OR: 0.441 for ADH2*2 and 0.137 for ALDH2*2). CYP2E1*c2 was positively associated with AUDs only in males homozygotic for ALDH2*1 and ADH1B*1 (OR: 2.585). Cumulative association analysis showed the number of protective alleles and genotypes were negatively associated with AUDs. In conclusion, ALDH2*2 and ADH1B*2 alleles were not only independently associated with AUDs but also demonstrated cumulative dosage effects. However the positive association between CYP2E1*c2 allele and AUDs might only exist in males homozygotic for ALDH2*1 and ADH1B*1. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Winter ecology of the Arunachal macaque Macaca munzala in Pangchen Valley, western Arunachal Pradesh, northeastern India
Authors: Mendiratta Uttara , Kumar Ajith , Mishra Charudutt , Sinha Anindya 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe newly described Arunachal macaque Macaca munzala occurs largely in sub‐tropical to temperate environments at elevations of c. 1,800–3,000 m in Arunachal Pradesh, northeastern India. We studied its over‐wintering strategy by comparing the diet, ranging, and behavior of a troop of 24 individuals during winter and spring (December 2005 to May 2006) through instantaneous scan sampling (3,002 records, 448 scans, 112 hr of observation). We also monitored the phenology of food plants. The macaques spent more time (41–66%) feeding in the winter than in spring (33–51%), whereas time spent moving and resting was greater in spring. The diet composed largely of plants, with animal matter being eaten rarely. The number of plant species in the diet increased from 18 to 25 whereas food types rose from 18 to 36 from winter to spring, respectively. Although only two species formed 75% of the winter diet, seven species comprised this proportion in spring. Availability of fruits and young leaves increased in spring; the troop moved more and utilized a larger part of its range during this time. Seasonal changes in behavior could be explained by the scarcity of food and the costs of thermoregulation in winter. Our study suggests that the Arunachal macaque inhabits a highly seasonal environment and has an over‐wintering strategy that includes subsisting on a high‐fiber diet by increasing the time spent feeding, and minimizing energy expenditure by reducing the time spent moving. Am. J. Primatol. 71:939–947, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Early sacral neuromodulation prevents urinary incontinence after complete spinal cord injury
Authors: Sievert Karl‐Dietrich , Amend Bastian , Gakis G. , Toomey P. , Badke A. , Kaps H.P. , Stenzl Arnulf 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBackgroundThe study aim was to investigate potential influences on human nerves and pelvic organs through early implantation of bilateral sacral nerve modulators (SNMs) in complete spinal cord injury (SCI) patients during the acute bladder‐areflexia phase.MethodsTen patients with neurologically‐confirmed complete spinal cord lesions (SCLs) were provided with bilateral SNMs during the phase of atonic‐detrusor muscle. Modulation was achieved by two electrodes implanted into each S3‐foramen. Six patients declined and served as controls. The mean follow‐up was 26.2 months.ResultsVideourodynamics (VU) confirmed detrusor acontractility, resulting in urinary continence as well as significant reductions in urinary tract infections (UTIs). Bowel movements did not require oral laxatives; additional preprogrammed parameters achieved erections for intercourse.InterpretationEarly SNM implantation in SCI patients may revolutionize neurogenic lower urinary tract (LUT) dysfunction management; it prevented detrusor overactivity and urinary incontinence, ensured normal bladder capacity, reduced UTI rates, and improved bowel and erectile functionality without nerve damage.ConclusionFuture SCI investigations will be conducted to evaluate the potential benefits of even earlier SNM placement to progressively enhance pelvic organ functionality. This new approach may provide important clues required for assessing whether neuronal information is passed through the sympathetic trunk ganglion to the brain after complete SCI. Further investigations are needed to determine if functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) might be helpful for analyzing changes in brain function in patients with SNMs and those taking antimuscarinics. ANN NEUROL 2010;67:74–84
High cortical spreading depression susceptibility and migraine‐associated symptoms in Cav2.1 S218L mice
Authors: van den Maagdenberg Arn M. J. M. , Pizzorusso Tommaso , Kaja Simon , Terpolilli Nicole , Shapovalova Maryna , Hoebeek Freek E. , Barrett Curtis F. , Gherardini Lisa , van de Ven Rob C. G. , Todorov Boyan , Broos Ludo A. M. , Tottene Angelita , Gao Zhenyu , Fodor Mariann , De Zeeuw Chris I. , Frants Rune R. , Plesnila Nikolaus , Plomp Jaap J. , Pietrobon Daniela , Ferrari Michel D. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectiveThe CACNA1A gene encodes the pore‐forming subunit of neuronal CaV2.1 Ca2+ channels. In patients, the S218L CACNA1A mutation causes a dramatic hemiplegic migraine syndrome that is associated with ataxia, seizures, and severe, sometimes fatal, brain edema often triggered by only a mild head trauma.MethodsWe introduced the S218L mutation into the mouse Cacna1a gene and studied the mechanisms for the S218L syndrome by analyzing the phenotypic, molecular, and electrophysiological consequences.ResultsCacna1aS218L mice faithfully mimic the associated clinical features of the human S218L syndrome. S218L neurons exhibit a gene dosage–dependent negative shift in voltage dependence of CaV2.1 channel activation, resulting in enhanced neurotransmitter release at the neuromuscular junction. Cacna1aS218L mice also display an exquisite sensitivity to cortical spreading depression (CSD), with a vastly reduced triggering threshold, an increased propagation velocity, and frequently multiple CSD events after a single stimulus. In contrast, mice bearing the R192Q CACNA1A mutation, which in humans causes a milder form of hemiplegic migraine, typically exhibit only a single CSD event after one triggering stimulus.InterpretationThe particularly low CSD threshold and the strong tendency to respond with multiple CSD events make the S218L cortex highly vulnerable to weak stimuli and may provide a mechanistic basis for the dramatic phenotype seen in S218L mice and patients. Thus, the S218L mouse model may prove a valuable tool to further elucidate mechanisms underlying migraine, seizures, ataxia, and trauma‐triggered cerebral edema. ANN NEUROL 2010;67:85–98
The role of subjective factors in the information search process
Authors: Gwizdka Jacek , Lopatovska Irene 
Published: August 2009

AbstractWe investigated the role of subjective factors in the information search process. Forty‐eight participants each conducted six Web searches in a controlled setting. We examined relationships between subjective factors (happiness levels, satisfaction with and confidence in the search results, feeling lost during search, familiarity with and interest in the search topic, estimation of task difficulty) and objective factors (search behavior, search outcomes, and search‐task characteristics). Data analysis was conducted using a multivariate statistical test (canonical correlations analysis). The findings confirmed existence of several relationships suggested by prior research, including relationships between objective search task difficulty and the perception of task difficulty, and between subjective states and search behaviors and outcomes. One of the original findings suggests that higher happiness levels before and during the search correlate with better feelings after the search, but also correlate with worse search outcomes and lower satisfaction, suggesting that, perhaps, it pays off to feel some “pain” during the search to “gain” quality outcomes.
Use of recombinant rotavirus VP6 nanotubes as a multifunctional template for the synthesis of nanobiomaterials functionalized with metals
Authors: Plascencia‐Villa Germán , Saniger José M. , Ascencio Jorge A. , Palomares Laura A. , Ramírez Octavio T. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe structural characteristics and predefined constant size and shape of viral assemblies make them useful tools for nanobiotechnology, in particular as scaffolds for constructing highly organized novel nanomaterials. In this work it is shown for the first time that nanotubes formed by recombinant rotavirus VP6 protein can be used as scaffolds for the synthesis of hybrid nanocomposites. Rotavirus VP6 was produced by the insect cell‐baculovirus expression vector system. Nanotubes of several micrometers in length and various diameters in the nanometer range were functionalized with Ag, Au, Pt, and Pd through strong (sodium borohydride) or mild (sodium citrate) chemical reduction. The nanocomposites obtained were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high‐resolution TEM (HRTEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), dynamic light scattering, and their characteristic plasmon resonance. The outer surface of VP6 nanotubes had intrinsic affinity to metal deposition that allowed in situ synthesis of nanoparticles. Furthermore, the use of preassembled recombinant protein structures resulted in highly ordered integrated materials. It was possible to obtain different extents and characteristics of the metal coverage by manipulating the reaction conditions. TEM revealed either a continuous coverage with an electrodense thin film when using sodium citrate as reductant or a discrete coverage with well‐dispersed metal nanoparticles of diameters between 2 and 9 nm when using sodium borohydride and short reaction times. At long reaction times and using sodium borohydride, the metal nanoparticles coalesced and resulted in a thick metal layer. HRTEM‐EDS confirmed the identity of the metal nanoparticles. Compared to other non‐recombinant viral scaffolds used until now, the recombinant VP6 nanotubes employed here have important advantages, including a longer axial dimension, a dynamic multifunctional hollow structure, and the possibility of producing them massively by a safe and efficient bioprocess. Such characteristics confer important potential applications in nanotechnology to the novel nanobiomaterials produced here. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009; 104: 871–881. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Long term efficacy of abciximab bolus‐only compared to abciximab bolus and infusion after transradial coronary stenting
Authors: Bagur Rodrigo , Bertrand Olivier F. , Rodés‐Cabau Josep , Larose Éric , Rinfret Stéphane , Nguyen Can M. , Noel Bernard , Larochellière Robert De , Poirier Paul , Costerousse Olivier , Roy Louis 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBackground: No data are available on the long term efficacy of abciximab bolus‐only with aspirin and clopidogrel pretreatment and systematic coronary stenting. Our objective was to evaluate the 3‐year clinical outcomes in the EASY trial. Methods: After a bolus of abciximab (0.25 mg/kg) and uncomplicated transradial coronary stenting, 1,005 patients were randomized either to same‐day home discharge and no infusion (bolus‐only group, n = 504) or to overnight hospitalization and 12 hours abciximab infusion (bolus + infusion group, n = 501). In contrast, 343 patients were not randomized after stenting for safety reasons and received abciximab bolus and infusion (not‐randomized group). The rate of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including death, myocardial infarction (MI) and target vessel revascularization (TVR) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was evaluated. Results: Up to 3 years, the incidence of MACE remained similar in the two randomized groups, 14% in bolus‐only vs. 17% in bolus + infusion (P = 0.38). Similar efficacy was observed in subgroups analysis including higher‐risk patients such as those with diabetes, unstable angina or non‐ST elevation MI. Conversely, the incidence of MACE remained significantly higher in patients not‐randomized post‐PCI at all time intervals (P < 0.0001). The difference in outcomes between randomized and not‐randomized patients was mostly accounted by the higher rates of MI, TVR as survival rate remained similar. Conclusion: In patients pretreated with aspirin and clopidogrel and undergoing uncomplicated coronary artery stenting, abciximab bolus‐only was associated with similar outcomes compared with bolus followed by infusion, up to 3 years after PCI. Conversely, patients with suboptimal results or clinical complications during PCI remained at higher risk of late revascularization or MI. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transradial simultaneous kissing stenting (SKS) with SheathLess access
Authors: Liang Michael , Puri Aniket , Linder Rickard 
Published: August 2009

AbstractTransradial coronary intervention is usually performed via a 5 or 6 Fr sheath due to the small calibre of radial arteries. Simultaneous kissing stenting (SKS) technique requires a guiding catheter 7 Fr or larger and is therefore difficult to perform via transradial approach. Conversion to femoral approach or additional arterial access is usually required to achieve this goal. To overcome this limitation, a hydrophilic 7.5 Fr SheathLess guiding catheter can be exploited. This catheter possesses approximately the same size outer diameter as a 6 Fr sheath and an internal diameter of a 7.5 Fr catheter. A smooth and successful performance of SKS through transradial approach is described using this catheter. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A new technique for vascular access management in transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Sharp Andrew S.P. , Michev Iassen , Maisano Francesco , Taramasso Maurizio , Godino Cosmo , Latib Azeem , Denti Paulo , Dorigo Enrica , Giacomini Andrea , Iaci Giuseppe , Manca Mario , Ielasi Alfonso , Montorfano Matteo , Alfieri Ottavio , Colombo Antonio 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectives: To describe results from a novel percutaneous technique designed to minimize the risk of hemorrhage in the event of a major complication during transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Background: Vascular access management is a major challenge in transfemoral TAVI due to the large introducer sheathes required. Methods: Fifty‐two pts underwent TAVI between November 2007 and March 2009. Of these, 37 received an Edwards‐Sapien Valve (23 mm valve: 17/37; 26 mm valve: 20/37) whilst 15 patients received a CoreValve (26 mm valve: 6/15; 29 mm valve: 9/15). Using a crossover technique, the opposing femoral artery was cannulated with a 7Fr long sheath. This allowed contralateral passage of a balloon and inflation in the proximal iliac. The sheath was then removed and Prostar sutures tied in a dry field. Balloon optimization of the puncture site was performed as required. Results: In three subjects, elective surgical repair was undertaken due to excessive femoral arterial calcification. In the remaining 49, the crossover technique was employed and closed with two Prostar devices (Edwards‐Sapien) or one (CoreValve). There were serious “on‐table” complications in seven patients, six due to the large introducer sheathes used in the TAVI procedure—iliac avulsion, two iliac dissections, iliac perforation, common femoral perforation and scrotal hematoma. All were repaired safely by combined surgical and endovascular techniques, using the crossover technique to ensure patient stability. All made a good recovery and were independently ambulant at discharge. Conclusion: Using crossover balloon inflation as an adjunct to Prostar closure may be helpful for managing TAVI vascular access sites. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Brevetoxin A: Convergent Coupling Strategy and Completion
Authors: Crimmins Michael T. , Zuccarello J. Lucas , McDougall Patrick J. , Ellis J. Michael 
Published: August 2009

AbstractA highly convergent, enantioselective total synthesis of brevetoxin A is reported. The development of a [X+2+X] Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons/cyclodehydration/reductive etherification convergent coupling strategy allowed a unified approach to the synthesis of two advanced tetracyclic fragments from four cyclic ether subunits. The Horner–Wittig coupling of the two tetracyclic fragments provided substrates that were explored for reductive etherification, the success of which delivered a late‐stage tetraol intermediate. The tetraol was converted to the natural product through an expeditious selective oxidative process followed by methylenation.
New Lipophilic 2‐Amino‐N,N′‐dialkyl‐4,5‐dimethylimidazolium Cations: Synthesis, Structure, Properties, and Outstanding Thermal Stability in Alkaline Media
Authors: Kunetskiy Roman A. , Císařová Ivana , Šaman David , Lyapkalo Ilya M. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractA series of new N,N′‐dialkyl‐4,5‐dimethylimidazolium cations possessing electron‐rich 2‐imidazolylidene‐ or phosphoranylidene‐amino substituents has been efficiently synthesized from common precursors, N,N′‐dialkyl‐4,5‐dimethylimidazol‐2‐ylidenes. The new lipophilic salts obtained have been found to be highly stable towards strong alkali under both biphasic and homogeneous conditions. Their exceptional aqueous base resistance, which has hitherto only been seen with peralkylated polyaminophosphazenium cations, may be attributed to three factors: aromatic stabilization, efficient resonance charge delocalization, and steric protection of the exocyclic nitrogen linkage due to bulky lipophilic N‐alkyl substituents.
Primer and interviews: Gene regulation in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Kiefer Julie C. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe animal and plant kingdoms use many of the same molecular tools to build decidedly different multicellular organisms. Learning how plants approach challenges common to both kingdoms can inspire new ways of thinking in the animal biologist. This primer introduces how a weed from the mustard family, Arabidopsis thaliana, has been used to work through developmental problems. It also compares and contrasts gene regulation tools in animals and plants. Accompanying the primer is a discussion of current topics in root development with Arabidopsis researchers Philip N. Benfey, Ph.D., and Kenneth D. Birnbaum, Ph.D. Developmental Dynamics 238:2449–2458, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.