bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of cystic echinococcosis in pigs from Slovakia, with evaluation of size, fertility and number of hydatid cysts
Authors: Turčeková Ľ. , Šnábel V. , Dudiňák V. , Gašpar V. , Dubinský P. 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
The regional occurrence of cystic echinococcosis in slaughtered pig from Slovakia was studied in the period of 2000–2008, along with the quantitative parameters associated with the establishment of cysts (intensity of infection, fertility, size). From 103 pig livers collected from abattoirs in 35 sites Slovakia as suspected for Echinococcus infection, 63 were positive for cystic echinococcosis, whereas in 40 livers cysticercosis was diagnosed. Fertile cysts with echinococcal protoscoleces were recorded in 25.4 % of positive pigs, with the 8.9 % fertility rate and the intensity of infection reaching value of 5.9 cysts per liver. The average size of fertile cysts was more than three times larger than diameter of sterile cysts (diameters of 4.67 cm vs. 1.37 cm, respectively). No significant differences in relative amounts of fertile and sterile cysts were found among counties (P = 0.15). The annual prevalence of E. granulosus in pigs in 2000–2 008 has ranged from 0.02 % to 0.13 % (average rate 0.08 %), with the decreasing tendency over the period, especially after 2005. The most heavily affected areas with cystic echinococcosis over 2006–2008 were indicated in Prešov (eastern Slovakia, 0.68 % prevalence) and Komárno districts (southwestern Slovakia, 0.26 % prevalence). Obtained data are relevant in designing regional control strategies to suppress the occurrence of disease in livestock and risk for humans to be infected.
First autochthonous Dirofilaria immitis (Leidy, 1856) infection in a dog in Hungary
Authors: Jacsó O. , Mándoki M. , Majoros G. , Pétsch M. , Mortarino M. , Genchi C. , Fok É. 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
A 4 year-old, male Hungarian Vizsla dog which had never been abroad was referred with poor general condition, decrease in body weight, haematemesis and jaundice to the Central Clinic of Veterinary Science University, Budapest. After symptomatic treatment abdominal ultrasonography and diagnostic laparatomy were carried out. The dog was humanely euthanized two days later following owner’s consent because of sudden worsening of clinical conditions. Two adult heartworms (Dirofilaria immitis) were found in the right ventricle partially coiling around the tricuspid valve. PCR on blood was positive for both D. immitis and Dirofilaria repens while only D. repens microfilariae were found by modified Knott’s test and the serological test was negative for D. immitis antigens. This is the first, confirmed report of autochthonous canine heartworm infection in Hungary.
Food web diagnostics and functional diversity of soil inhabiting nematodes in a natural woodland
Authors: Tomar V. , Ahmad W. 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
Functional diversity and detritus soil food web of soil inhabiting nematodes in natural woodland dominated by Acacia nilotica L. was studied. Functional diversity was studied in terms of trophic groups assessed by Trophic diversity index (TDI) and Shannon-Weaver index (H′), while food web was diagnosed by channel index (CI). The plant parasitic channel was determined by plant parasitic index (PPI). The stability of the soil ecosystem was measured in terms of maturity index (MI), structure index (SI) and enrichment index (EI). Shannon-Weaver index of the area was recorded as 2.1 ± 0.3 while trophic diversity index 2.6 ± 0.7, maturity index (MI) 3.1 ± 0.2, channel index 62.4 ± 28.1 and structure and enrichment indices 68.1 ± 18.5 and 15.4 ± 13.7 respectively. A high degree of positive correlation was recorded between population of dorylaims and MI while some degree of negative correlation existed between population of plant parasitic nematodes and MI. Population of other nematodes showed a positive correlation with SI and EI. The faunal profile was found to be tilted towards quadrat C giving the idea of relatively undisturbed ecosystem with moderate enrichment and fungal decomposition channel.
The effect of two compost soil amendments, based on municipal green and penicillin production wastes, on plant parasitic nematodes
Authors: Renčo M. , Sasanelli N. , Šalamún P. 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
Suppressive effect of two composts, applied at five doses (0 %, 1 %, 2.5 %, 5 % and 10 % w/w), was studied on spring barley to control different genera of plant parasitic nematodes in potting mixtures. Amendment of soil with these materials resulted in a significant decreasing effect of plant parasitic nematode populations. The best reduction of number of plant parasitic nematodes was found for the nematode genera Bitylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Heterodera, Paratylenchus and Rotylenchulus by a municipal green compost (C1) and nematode genera Bitylenchus, Geocenamus, Helicotylenchus, and Rotylenchulus by a compost derived from penicillin production residues (C2). The compost C1 with a lower C:N ratio was more effective in the nematode control than the compost C2. The analysis of variance showed a significant interaction among all factors involved in the experiment: type of compost, different doses and nematode genera. Relationship between applied doses and number of nematodes showed a significantly high negative correlation.
New record of Scaphanocephalus expansus from the Canary Islands (Spain)
Authors: Foronda P. , Santana-Morales M. , Feliu C. , Valladares B. 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
The osprey, Pandion haliaetus (L), is a cosmopolitan Falconidae that in the Canary Island (Spain) is considered as “endangered” by the Canary Government. No helminthological data of this host are available for this archipelago due its protected status. Forty three Scaphanocephalus expansus were found from the small intestine of one animal. A morphological and morphometric description is given in this work. The species S. expansus can be considered specialists in ospreys, since it has not been found in any other host. It has been found in Europe, Egypt, Asia and North America. According to the references, this is the first report on the helminth fauna of P. haliaetus in the occidental area of Africa.
Morphometrics of Xiphinema dentatum Sturhan, 1978 from the Czech Republic
Authors: Kumari S. 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
Morphometrics of first, second and fourth juvenile stages and females of Xiphinema dentatum Sturhan, 1978 are presented from the Czech Republic. The species was found associated with Xiphinema spp., Longidorus intermedius and Longidorus spp. under a forest soil.
Bilateral Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus
Authors: Hermanson Evan , Ferkel Richard D. 
Published: September 2009

Background: Osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) are relatively uncommon but may be a cause of significant pain and disability. Although the majority of patients have an osteochondral lesion of the talus that is unilateral, bilateral involvement has been reported in 10% to 25% of cases. In addition, factors that cause one side to be symptomatic and the contralateral side to be asymptomatic have never been evaluated. Materials and Methods: A database containing all patients at our institution with an OLT has been maintained for the past 23 years. This was reviewed and patients with bilateral involvement identified. A chart review was performed to determine location and size of the OLT, which were symptomatic, associated with trauma, and required surgery. Results: Between 1984 and 2007, 526 patients with an OLT were seen. Fifty-two patients had bilateral OLT, for an overall bilateral incidence of 10%. Of these, 16 patients required no surgery (Group 1), 31 required only unilateral surgery (Group 2), and five required bilateral surgery (Group 3). 88% of the OLT were located medially. Symptomatic talar lesions were significantly larger compared to asymptomatic OLT ( p < 0.01). Of those that required only unilateral surgery, the size of the OLT eventually requiring surgery was significantly larger ( p < 0.01). Conclusion: The overall incidence of bilateral involvement was 10%. A majority of patients with bilateral involvement had the OLT located on the medial side. A larger surface area appeared to be related to the presence of symptoms and the need for surgery.
Effect of Post-traumatic Tibiotalar Osteoarthritis on Kinematics of the Ankle Joint Complex
Authors: Kozanek Michal , Rubash Harry E. , Li Guoan , de Asla Richard J. 
Published: September 2009

Background: Knowledge of joint kinematics in the healthy and diseased joint may be useful if surgical techniques and joint replacement designs are to be improved. To date, little is known about the kinematics of the arthritic tibiotalar joint and its effect on the kinematics of the subtalar joint. Materials and Methods: Kinematics of the ankle joint complex (AJC) were measured in six patients with unilateral post-traumatic tibiotalar osteoarthritis in simulated heel strike, midstance and toe off weight bearing positions using magnetic resonance and dual fluoroscopic imaging techniques. The kinematic data obtained was compared to a normal cohort from a previous study. Results: From heel strike to midstance, the arthritic tibiotalar joint demonstrated 2.2 ± 5.0 degrees of dorsiflexion while in the healthy controls the tibiotalar joint plantarflexed 9.1 ± 5.3 degrees ( p < 0.01). From midstance to toe off, the subtalar joint in the arthritic group dorsiflexed 3.3 ± 4.1 degrees whereas in the control group the subtalar joint plantarflexed 8.5 ± 2.9 degrees ( p < 0.01). The subtalar joint in the arthritic group rotated externally 1.2 ± 1.0 degrees and everted 3.3 ± 6.1 degrees from midstance to toe off while in the control group 12.3 ± 8.3 degrees of internal rotation and 10.7 ± 3.8 degrees eversion ( p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively) was measured. Conclusion: The current study suggests that during the stance phase of gait, subtalar joint motion in the sagittal, coronal, and transverse rotational planes tends to occur in an opposite direction in subjects with tibiotalar osteoarthritis when compared to normal ankle controls. This effectively represents a breakdown in the normal motion coupling seen in healthy ankle joints. Clinical Relevance: Knowledge of ankle kinematics of arthritic joints may be helpful when designing prostheses or in assessing the results of treatment interventions.
Short-Term Operative Outcome of Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome Due to Benign Space-Occupying Lesions
Authors: Sung Ki-Sun , Park Se-Jun 
Published: September 2009

Background: It has been reported that the operative outcome of tarsal tunnel syndrome caused by space-occupying lesions is more favorable than those caused by other reasons. The purpose of this clinical study was to report our clinical results after surgical treatment for tarsal tunnel syndrome caused by benign space-occupying lesions. Materials and Methods: From July 2004 to February 2007, 20 patients underwent surgical decompression for tarsal tunnel syndrome in our institution. Out of them, 13 cases were due to space-occupying lesions around the tarsal tunnel. The average age was 51.3 and the mean symptom duration was 16.5 months. The operation included complete release of the tarsal tunnel and removal of the space-occupying lesion. The clinical outcomes measured were a pain visual analogue scale (VAS), AOFAS score and the degree of subjective satisfaction. Results: Ganglion was the most frequent cause (10 cases). Other pathologies included synovial chondromatosis, a Schwannoma and a talocalcaneal coalition. There was a significant improvement after surgery in term of VAS (6.4/2.2) and AOFAS score (77.8/92.7). Seven of 13 were satisfied with the results, three felt they had a fair result, and three were dissatisfied. Conclusion: Though significant improvement was found in the average VAS and AOFAS score, subjective satisfaction was less favorable (54%) than expected. We believe surgeons should be more cautious concerning outcomes when expectations of surgery are discussed with patients. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Case Study
First Metatarsalphalangeal Joint Arthrodesis: Evaluation of Plate and Screw Fixation
Authors: Bennett Gordon L. , Sabetta James 
Published: September 2009

Background: First metatarsalphalangeal joint (MTPJ) arthrodesis is a commonly performed procedure for the treatment of a variety of conditions affecting the hallux. There are several different methods to accomplish the fusion. We utilized a method incorporating a ball and cup preparation of the joint, followed by stabilization of the arthrodesis site utilizing the Accutrak congruent first MTPJ fusion set. Materials and Methods: We prospectively evaluated two hundred consecutive patients who underwent first MTPJ arthrodeses utilizing the Accutrak congruent first MTPJ fusion set. Patients were evaluated preoperatively, postoperatively, and at a final followup, utilizing the AOFAS forefoot scoring system. Results: Two hundred consecutive patients underwent first MTPJ arthrodeses by the same surgeon. All but three feet (230/233) (98.7%) went on to solidly fuse. Three of the patients did not fuse solidly. One patient broke two of the screws, and the other two patients did not have hardware failure. All patients dramatically improved their AOFAS scores compared with pre-surgical values. There were three minor hardware problems in the group of patients who solidly fused their joint. Conclusion: We concluded that a solid first MTPJ fusion results in excellent function and pain relief. The Accutrak first MTPJ fusion system would appear to be an ideal implant system to accomplish a fusion because of its low profile, strength, and ease of use. Compared to other methods we have used, this procedure results in a very high rate of fusion, with minimal complications and excellent patient satisfaction.
Closed Tibialis Anterior Tendon Rupture: A Case Series
Authors: Gwynne-Jones David , Garneti Narendra , Wyatt Michael 
Published: September 2009

Background: Closed tibialis anterior tendon rupture is an uncommon condition typically occurring in the middle aged to elderly patient. Diagnosis may be delayed due to unfamiliarity with the problem by the treating physician. Materials and Methods: We treated seven patients (4 males aged 54 to 80; 3 females aged 43 to 82) with this problem. Four patients had a history of systemic corticosteroid use and one had had a local steroid injection. Four of the seven patients were managed with direct operative repair and one with a non-anatomical repair to the talar neck. Two patients were managed nonoperatively of whom one subsequently required late surgical reconstruction. Patients were reviewed clinically and completed a Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS). Followup ranged from 12 months to 12 years. Results: In the operative group four patients had no functional limitations from the injury and one had mild ankle weakness. One in the nonoperative group required salvage surgery four years after rupture. At followup the mean FAOS was 85 (range, 64 to 98) in the operative group and 52 (range, 28 to 75) in the nonoperative group. Conclusion: A ruptured tibialis anterior tendon is a rare condition. There is an association with systemic steroid use as well as local steroid injection. Early diagnosis allows operative repair by various techniques leading to predictably good results. Our experience supports operative repair even in the elderly patient. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Case Series
Routine Histopathologic Evaluation in Hallux Valgus Surgery
Authors: Oh Irvin C. , Ellis Scott J. , O'Malley Martin J. 
Published: September 2009

Background: Anecdotal evidence suggests that specimens submitted for histopathologic assessment during hallux valgus surgery most commonly reveal degenerative changes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cost effectiveness of routine examination of tissue from hallux valgus procedures. We hypothesized that such examination rarely diagnoses a new condition and does not alter postoperative management. Materials and Methods: Specimens from 315 consecutive primary hallux valgus reconstructions performed between November 1995 and August 2002 were retrospectively analyzed. Patient charts were reviewed to determine the number of cases in which new diagnoses were made or treatment altered based upon histopathologic examination. Cost effectiveness was assessed by identifying the reimbursement for professional fees charged for these analyses. The total reimbursement per new diagnosis made and per alteration of treatment were calculated. Results: Degenerative changes were diagnosed in the majority of speciments (97.5%, 307 of 315). Other diagnoses included rheumatoid arthritis (1.3%, four of 315), gouty arthritis (1.0%, three of 315), and pseudogout (0.3%, one of 315). A new diagnosis was made only in the one patient (0.3%, one of 315) with pseudogout. Postoperative management was unchanged in every case. Conclusion: Routine submission of specimens obtained during hallux valgus surgery is not cost effective. New diagnoses are very rare and postoperative management did not change. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Case Series
Assessment of the Effects of Diabetes on Midfoot Joint Pressures Using a Robotic Gait Simulator
Authors: Lee Dong Gil , Davis Brian L. 
Published: September 2009

Background: One of the more serious diabetic complications is Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN), a disease that results in arch collapse and permanent foot deformity. However, very little is known about the etiology of CN. From a mechanical standpoint, it is likely that there is a “vicious circle” in terms of (i) arch collapse causing increased midfoot joint pressures, and (ii) increased joint contact pressures exacerbating the collapse of midfoot bones. This study focused on assessment of peak joint pressure difference between diabetic and non-diabetic cadaver feet during simulated walking. We hypothesized that joint pressures are higher for diabetics than normal population. Materials and Methods: Sixteen cadaver foot specimens (eight control and eight diabetic specimens) were used in this study. Human gait at 25% of typical walking speed (averaged stance duration of 3.2s) was simulated by a custom-designed Universal Musculoskeletal Simulator. Four medial midfoot joint pressures (the first metatarsocuneiform, the medial naviculocuneiform, the middle naviculocuneiform, and the first intercuneiform) were measured dynamically during full stance. Results: The pressures in each of the four measured midfoot joints were significantly greater in the diabetic feet ( p = 0.015, p = 0.025, p < 0.001, and p = 0.545, respectively). Conclusion: Across all four tested joints, the diabetic cadaver specimens had, on average, 46% higher peak pressures than the control cadaver feet during the simulated stance phase. Clinical Relevance: This finding suggests that diabetic patients could be predisposed to arch collapse even before there are visible signs of bone or joint abnormalities.
Accuracy of Corrective Osteotomies in Fibular Malunion: A Cadaver Model
Authors: Heineck Jan , Serra Alexandre , Haupt Cornelius , Rammelt Stefan 
Published: September 2009

Background: While incorrect length of a fibular fracture reduction can be measured by plain radiographs, accurate imaging of rotational deformities requires computed tomography (CT). Operative correction of fibular malrotation has not been accurately measured. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of operative correction of fibular malrotation. Materials and Methods: Six pairs of formalin-fixed, lower leg cadaver specimens had shortening with additional internal or external rotation induced by segmental fibular resection and plate fixation. The deformity was measured by CT. Two experienced surgeons performed standardized corrective operations on six specimens each. The postoperative results were measured by CT. Results: The mean overall accuracy for correction of malrotation was 1.58 degrees (SD = 0.8 degrees). There were no significant differences between the two surgeons performing the corrections. Conclusion: The accuracy of operative correction of malrotation in this cadaver model is in accordance with the requirements reported in clinical studies. Clinical Relevance: Considering the error margin for CT analysis, correction within 5 to 10 degrees seems practical.
Fatty Infiltration of the Gastrocsoleus after Tendo-Achilles Lengthening and Gastrocnemius Recession in a Rabbit Model
Authors: Booth Branyan A. , Mistovich Ronald J. , Janout Martin , Stills Harold F. , Laughlin Richard T. 
Published: September 2009

Background: Tendo-Achilles lengthening (TAL) and gastrocnemius recession (GR) are components of the operative treatment for certain foot conditions. We investigated changes in rabbit gastrocsoleus weight, volume, and percent fat resulting from TAL, GR, and immobilization. Materials and Methods: Eighteen rabbits were randomized into three groups. Group I = gastrocnemius recession; Group II = (TAL) Z-plasty lengthening; Group III = immobilization only. Treatment limbs were randomized. Six randomly selected contralateral limbs were used for controls. At 12 weeks the gastrocnemius and soleus were weighed (g) and measured (ml) separately. Values were combined and analyzed as a gastrocsoleus complex. The weight, volume, and percentage of fatty infiltration were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The following differences were statistically significant. GR volume was less than control ( p < 0.01); TAL weight and volume was less than control ( p < 0.01); GR percent fat was greater than control ( p < 0.05) and TAL percent fat was greater than control ( p < 0.05). GR weight and volume was less than cast only ( p < 0.01); TAL weight and volume was less than cast only ( p < 0.01); TAL percent fat was greater than cast only ( p < 0.01); GR percent fat was greater than cast only ( p < 0.05); GR weight was greater than TAL ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: In a rabbit model, the findings suggest the gastrocsoleus undergoes atrophy and fatty infiltration after TAL or GR. Immobilization does not contribute to either process. Clinical Relevance: These findings correlate with human functional studies documenting the relationship between TAL or GR and decrease in plantarflexion strength. Further studies are needed to determine if significant variation in functional differences due to TAL versus GR exists.
Assessment of Genetic Relationship Among Landraces of Bangladeshi Ridge Gourd (Luffa acutangula Roxb.) Using RAPD Markers
Authors: Hoque S. , Rabbani M. G. 
Published: September 2009

Information on genetic relatedness among ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula) genotypes from Bangladesh is currently not reported. Twenty eight accessions collected from different parts of Bangladesh were studied using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. Four selected decamer primers, out of sixteen screened, could generate a total of 27 RAPD fragments of which 22 were polymorphic (81.5%). The bands ranged from 50 to 1500 bp in size. Genetic variation statistics for all loci estimated the average gene diversity (h) value as 0.278 and the Shannon’s Information Index (I) as 0.415. Dendrogram based on unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) segregated the accessions into five clusters. Cluster III was the largest with 13 members followed by cluster II, V, I and IV with 6, 4, 3 and 2 members, respectively. Accession LA27 and LA29 were found very close to each other with the highest inter-variety similarity index (96.05%) and the lowest genetic distance (0.077); whereas accession LA40 and LA72 were more distant to each other with the lowest inter-variety similarity index (44.43%) and the highest genetic distance (0.73). A DNA extraction method has been standardized. The marker was found to be useful tool for assessing genetic variations in Luffa acutangula. Keywords: Genetic relationship; Germplasm; Ridge gourd; Luffa acutangula; RAPD. © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.1968 J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 615-623 (2009)