bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and transformations of dust acoustic double-layers in plasmas with adiabatically trapped-nonextensive ions using Tsallis-Gurevich distribution
Authors: Bouchemla N , Merriche A , Benzekka M , Kerrouchi S 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The investigation focuses on examining the characteristics of dust acoustic double-layers (DA-DLs) in the presence of adiabatically trapped-nonextensive ions featuring Tsallis-Gurevich distribution. Indeed, the ion-density and pseudo-potential expressions are formulated in terms of transcendental functions, allowing for a detailed analysis of Dust Acoustic Double Layers associated with complex plasmas in the presence of non-extensive adiabatically trapped ions. The study then delves into the impact of background ion nonextensivity on key DA-DLs properties. The findings reveal that our plasma model can exhibits both compressive and rarefactive DA-DLs, depending on the nonextensive parameter q. Also, the results indicate that in both sub-sonic and supra-sonic scenarios, the amplitude of the DA-DLs structure rises as the nonextensive parameter decreases. Additionally, it is observed that, for a constant value of the nonextensive parameter q, the amplitude of the DA-DLs structure increases with higher Mach numbers. This investigation, prompted by observations in space and laboratory plasmas containing non-Maxwellian particles alongside trapped particles, has the potential to complement and offer fresh insights into previous works on solitary waves in plasma.
Design and analysis of image encryption based on memristor chaotic systems with hidden attractors
Authors: Ding Pengfei , Wang Zixuan , Li Ke 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Chaotic systems with hidden attractors are important research hotspots in nonlinear science. In recent years, continuous chaotic systems with special equilibrium points have been widely studied, especially continuous chaotic systems without equilibrium points. A four-dimensional chaotic system devoid of equilibrium point is proposed by using a composite cosine piecewise-linear (COS-PWL)function and a memristor model based on the modified Sprott-C system. The dynamical behaviors of the new system are studied through numerical analysis methods. The results reveal it is extremely sensitive to control parameters as well as initial conditions, which make it particularly suitable for application to image encryption algorithms. In light of these findings, a novel image encryption algorithm is introduced. This algorithm integrates the new four-dimensional chaotic system with ribonucleic acid (RNA) coding technology. Furthermore, the simulation results and security analyses validate the rationality of the encryption mechanism and the robustness of the encryption security of the proposed image encryption algorithm.
Cross-channel image encryption algorithm on the basis of a conservative hyperchaotic system
Authors: Zhao Jingjing , Sun Xu , Sun Baichao , Fan Zhenyi , Du Baoxiang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In image encryption, the traditional encryption means of scrambling and diffusion are widely used, but they fail to completely eliminate the correlation between the channels of the ciphertext image and still exist security risks. The selecting channel and position scrambling and cross-channel S-shaped diffusion methods proposed in this study push the encryption to a new depth. Compared with ordinary methods, it is more thorough in disrupting pixel positions, increases the complexity of pixel relationships between different channels, and substantially improves the unpredictability of encryption. To support this approach, we design a four-dimensional conservative hyperchaotic system with a very large hyperchaotic interval, which combines the high randomness of the conservative system and the broad key-space property of the hyperchaotic system, effectively defending against the risk of phase-space reconstruction aroused by missing attractors and reducing the possibility of being cracked. We deeply analyze the dynamic properties of the system by means of phase diagrams, bifurcation diagrams and Lyapunov exponents. The cross-channel scrambling and diffusion encryption algorithm designed based on this system not only ensures the security of image information during transmission, but also greatly enhances the ability to resist various attacks. The proposal of this method undoubtedly brings a secure solution to the field of image encryption.
Numerical exploration of electroosmotically regulated squeezing rotating flow of TiO2/water nanofluid in a parallel plate channel under triple diffusion convection
Authors: Akram Javaria , Akbar Noreen Sher , Pervaiz Hina , Mehmood Rashid 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The basic motive of this article gives a rudimentary insight into the triple diffusive convective flow of ionic aqueous solution-based titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanofluid amidst two rotating parallel plates. The lower plate is stationary and permeable, allowing the lateral suction/injection of the fluid, while the upper plate is impermeable and moves towards the lower plate. The fluid flow is explored under the simultaneous implementation of electric and magnetic forces. The presence of axial electric force across the plates with an ionic solution between them generates the electroosmotic phenomenon. The Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation is utilized to include the solutal buoyancy forces occurring due to the concentration gradient of two different solutes. The appropriate similarity transformation is used to reform the governing equations which are resolved using the built-in numerical solver bvp4c of MATLAB. The computations reveal that velocity in the case of injective flow is larger than in the case of suction through the bottom plate. The forwarding electric field contributes to the primary velocity profile at the lower plate while velocity declines near the top plate. For solutes 1 and 2, the modified Dufour number and Dufour Lewis numbers have an opposing effect on the Nusselt number at the lower and upper plates.
The study of electron mobility on ultra-scaled silicon nanosheet FET
Authors: Liu Tongfei , Rezaei Ali , Yang Kaige , Fan Xuge , Acharya Pranav , Georgiev Vihar , Asenov Asen , Ding Jie 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The nanosheet FET (NSFET) is the successor to FinFET, and its mobility significantly affects device performance. In this paper, we investigate the impact of phonon (ph) and surface roughness (SR) scattering on the electron mobility of n-type silicon NSFETs. The effects of channel width, thickness, and doping concentrations on NSFETs' mobility are also analyzed. Non-Equilibrium Green’s Function (NEGF) solver which incorporates scattering mechanisms using the self-energy formulation is employed. The mobility behavior in NSFETs is strongly affected by ph scattering and SR scattering. As for ultrathin nanosheets, severe mobility degradation is dominated by SR scattering. The mobility is slightly affected by the doping concentrations. Simulation results provide guidance to researchers and industry in understanding and predicting the variation of mobility under the trend of continuous scaling.
A Quick Guide to Nearby Young Associations
Authors: Gagné Jonathan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Nearby associations of stars which are coeval are important benchmark laboratories because they provide robust measurements of stellar ages. The study of such coeval groups makes it possible to better understand star formation by studying the initial mass function, the binary fraction or the circumstellar disks of stars, to determine how the initially dense populations of young stars gradually disperse to form the field population, and to shed light on how the properties of stars, exoplanets and substellar objects evolve with distinct snapshots along their lifetime. The advent of large-scale missions such as Gaia is reshaping our understanding or stellar kinematics in the Solar neighborhood and beyond, and offers the opportunity to detect a large number of loose, coeval stellar associations for the first time, which evaded prior detection because of their low density or the faintness of their members. In parallel, advances in detection and characterization of exoplanets and substellar objects are starting to unveil the detailed properties of extrasolar atmospheres, as well as population-level distributions in fundamental exoplanet properties such as radii, masses, and orbital parameters. Accurate ages are still sparsely available to interpret the evolution of both exoplanets and substellar objects, and both fields are now ripe for detailed age investigations because we are starting to uncover ever-closer low-density associations that previously escaped detection, as well as exoplanets and ever lower-mass members of more distant open clusters and star-forming regions. In this paper, we review some recent advances in the identification and characterization of nearby associations, the methods by which stellar ages are measured, and some of the direct applications of the study of young associations such as the emergent field of isolated planetary-mass objects.
Revisiting the

N
=
1

supersymmetric trinification models from intersecting D6-branes
Authors: Mansha Adeel , Li Tianjun , Sabir Mudassar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We revisit the construction of the

N
=
1

supersymmetric trinification models with gauge group U(3)
C
× U(3)
L
× U(3)
R
in Type IIA string theory on

T

6

/

(

Z

2

×

Z

2

)

orientifold with intersecting D6-branes. The non-trivial K-theory conditions and tadpole cancellation conditions severely restrict the number of allowed models even for the case of rectangular two-tori. Using a supervised search algorithm, we find a few four-family models where the highest wrapping number is 2. For these models, we present the complete particle spectra and the gauge coupling relations at the string-scale.
Exploration of heavy Higgs bosons at a 100 TeV hadron collider withinthe semi-constrained next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model*
Authors: Wang 王 Kun 坤 , Tian 田 Pengfu 鹏夫 , Zhu 朱 Jingya 经亚 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this study, we explore the detectability of heavy Higgs bosons in the

channel at a 100 TeV hadron collider within the semi-constrained next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model. We calculate their production cross sections and decay branching ratios and compare them with simulation results from literature. We focus on the heavy doublet-dominated CP-even Higgs H and CP-odd Higgs A, with mass limits set below 10 TeV to ensure detectability. At a collider with an integrated luminosity of 3 ab

, the potential for detecting heavy Higgs bosons varies significantly with their mass and

. Heavy Higgs bosons with masses below 2 TeV are within the testable range, while those heavier than 7 TeV are below the exclusion and discovery thresholds, rendering them undetectable. For masses between 2 and 7 TeV, heavy Higgs bosons with

smaller than 20 can be detected, whereas those with

larger than 20 are beyond the current discovery or exclusion capabilities.
Overview of fast particle experiments in the first MAST Upgrade experimental campaigns
Authors: Rivero-Rodríguez J.F. , McClements K.G. , Fitzgerald M. , Sharapov S.E. , Cecconello M. , Crocker N.A. , Dolby I. , Dreval M. , Fil N. , Galdón-Quiroga J. , García-Muñoz M. , Blackmore S. , Heidbrink W. , Henderson S. , Jackson A. , Kappatou A. , Keeling D. , Liu D. , Liu Y.Q. , Michael C. , Oliver H.J.C. , Ollus P. , Parr E. , Prechel G. , Rhodes T. , Ryan D. , Shi P. , Vallar M. , Velarde L. , Williams T. , Wong H. ,   the EUROfusion Tokamak Exploitation Team,   the MAST-U Team
Published: June 2024

Abstract
MAST-U is equipped with on-axis and off-axis neutral beam injectors (NBI), and these external sources of super-Alfvénic deuterium fast-ions provide opportunities for studying a wide range of phenomena relevant to the physics of alpha-particles in burning plasmas. The MeV range D-D fusion product ions are also produced but are not confined. Simulations with the ASCOT code show that up to 20% of fast ions produced by NBI can be lost due to charge exchange (CX) with edge neutrals. Dedicated experiments employing low field side (LFS) gas fuelling show a significant drop in the measured neutron fluxes resulting from beam-plasma reactions, providing additional evidence of CX-induced fast-ion losses, similar to the ASCOT findings. Clear evidence of fast-ion redistribution and loss due to sawteeth (ST), fishbones (FB), long-lived modes (LLM), Toroidal Alfvén Eigenmodes (TAE), Edge Localised Modes (ELM) and neoclassical tearing modes (NTM) has been found in measurements with a Neutron Camera (NCU), a scintillator-based Fast-Ion Loss Detector (FILD), a Solid-State Neutral Particle Analyser (SSNPA) and a Fast-Ion Deuterium-α (FIDA) spectrometer. Unprecedented FILD measurements in the range of 1–2 MHz indicate that fast-ion losses can be also induced by the beam ion cyclotron resonance interaction with compressional or global Alfvén eigenmodes (CAEs or GAEs). These results show the wide variety of scenarios and the unique conditions in which fast ions can be studied in MAST-U, under conditions that are relevant for future devices like STEP or ITER.
Detection of pathogenic bacteria and biomarkers in lung specimens from cystic fibrosis patients
Authors: Tolle James J , Jadhao Samadhan , Patel Brijesh , Sun Heying , Eastman Susan , Hartert Tina , Ku David N , Anderson Larry J 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Diagnosing lung infections is often challenging because of the lack of a high-quality specimen from the diseased lung. Since persons with cystic fibrosis are subject to chronic lung infection, there is frequently a need for a lung specimen. In this small, proof of principle study, we determined that PneumoniaCheckTM, a non-invasive device that captures coughed droplets from the lung on a filter, might help meet this need. We obtained 10 PneumoniaCheckTM coughed specimens and 2 sputum specimens from adult CF patients hospitalized with an exacerbation of their illness. We detected amylase (upper respiratory tract) with an enzymatic assay, surfactant A (lower respiratory tract) with an immunoassay, pathogenic bacteria by PCR, and markers of inflammation by a Luminex multiplex immunoassay. The amylase and surfactant A levels suggested that 9/10 coughed specimens were from lower respiratory tract with minimal upper respiratory contamination. The PCR assays detected pathogenic bacteria in 7 of 9 specimens and multiplex Luminex assay detected a variety of cytokines or chemokines. These data indicate that the PneumoniaCheckTM coughed specimens can capture good quality lower respiratory tract specimens that have the potential to help in diagnosis, management and understanding of CF exacerbations and other lung disease.
Network mapping of climate change priorities in USA: golden cut bipolar q-ROFSs
Authors: Dinçer Hasan , Yüksel Serhat , Mikhaylov Alexey , Pinter Gabor , Grigorescu Adriana 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify affordable and clean energy-based climate change priorities in USA for the sustainable development. Five factors that can influence clean energy-based sustainable development are weighted with Multi step wise weight assessment ratio analysis approach. Furthermore, selected priorities for the climate change goal of sustainable development are evaluated. The novelty of this study is presenting affordable and clean energy-based climate change priorities for the sustainable development by considering an original fuzzy decision-making model based on M-SWARA and ELECTRE with bipolar q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets and golden cut. Because they include both membership, non-membership and hesitancy, it can be possible to perform more effective analysis. This issue helps to reach more reliable results. The main findings solve the problem that government support has the greatest weight with respect to the clean energy-based sustainable development.
Dynamic PI-PD cascaded MPPT controller for SPV system with battery charging circuit
Authors: Kumari Sweety , Kumar Ramesh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes a dynamic maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller for a solar photovoltaic (SPV) system with a battery charging circuit. The voltage and current, and consequently the maximum available power of SPV panels vary based on environmental conditions. To operate SPV system at maximum power point under different weather conditions, a cascaded (PI-PD) controller with PSO gain scheduling is suggested in this paper. Also, the FOPI control is applied to an accurate dynamic model of the buck converter to function as a charge controller. For tuning the FOPI controller parameters, a stochastic inertia weight GWO algorithm is employed which maintains an appropriate balance between detection and hunting strategies, and gives the fittest wolf position during iterations. The proposed algorithm is compared with the original GWO algorithm to show its superiority. The accuracy of the proposed cascaded controller used in the SPV system to find MPP ranges from 96.05% to 98.87%. The goal of this study is to operate the SPV panel at maximum power point under variable atmospheric conditions to increase efficiency at a lower cost. It also provides appropriate current and voltage for faster battery charging, thereby increasing the life span of the battery. The system is implemented and analyzed in MATLAB/Simulink, and results are validated.
‘Like Solving a Jigsaw Puzzle’: The Role of Journal Writing in Social Work Students’ Professional Development
Authors: Segev Einav 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Social work education focuses on preparing students for the profession. To this end, many educators utilise reflective journals in their courses. Reflective journaling is recognised in the literature as essential for the construction of students’ professional identity, yet few studies have explored how journals serve this purpose and the specific ways in which journal writing contributes to shaping social workers’ professional identity. This qualitative phenomenological study examined thirty Israeli social work students in their final year of undergraduate studies, before entering the field. Written during a practicum course, their journals were thematically analysed, revealing four themes of journal writing: (i) using personal experiences to construct a professional identity; (ii) acquiring professional concepts and skills by linking theory to practice; (iii) journal writing as professional retrospection; and (iv) journal writing as a safe resonant space for self-development. The discussion elaborates on the significance of each theme for the development of students’ professional identity.
Chronic inflammation with microglia senescence at basal forebrain: impact on cholinergic deficit in Alzheimer’s brain haemodynamics
Authors: Liu Dong , Hsueh Shih Chang , Tweedie David , Price Nate , Glotfelty Elliot , Lecca Daniela , Telljohann Richard , deCabo Rafael , Hoffer Barry J , Greig Nigel H 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Cholinergic innervation in the brain is involved in modulating neurovascular function including cerebral blood flow haemodynamics in response to neuronal activity. Cholinergic deficit is associated with pathophysiology in Alzheimer’s disease, albeit the aetiology remains to be clarified. In the current study, neocortex cerebral blood flow response to acetylcholine was evaluated by Laser-Doppler Flowmetry (LDF) in 3xTgAD Alzheimer’s disease model) and wild-type mice of two age groups. The peak of cerebral blood flow to acetylcholine (i.v.) from baseline levels (% ΔrCBF) was higher in young 3xTgAD versus in wild-type mice (48.35; 95% CI:27.03–69.67 versus 22.70; CI:15.5–29.91, P &lt; 0.05); this was reversed in old 3xTgAD mice (21.44; CI:2.52–40.35 versus 23.25; CI:23.25–39). Choline acetyltransferase protein was reduced in neocortex, while cerebrovascular reactivity to acetylcholine was preserved in young 3×TgAD mice. This suggests endogenous acetylcholine deficit and possible cholinergic denervation from selected cholinergic nuclei within the basal forebrain. The early deposition of tauopathy moieties (mutant hTau and pTau181) and its coincidence in cholinergic cell clusters (occasionaly), were observed at the basal forebrain of 3xTgAD mice including substantia innominate, nucleus Basalis of Meynert and nucleus of horizontal limb diagonal band of Broca. A prominent feature was microglia interacting tauopathy and demonstrated a variety of morphology changes particularly when located in proximity to tauopathy. The microglia ramified phenotype was reduced as evaluated by the ramification index and Fractal analysis. Increased microglia senescence, identified as SASP (senescence-associated secretory phenotype), was colocalization with p16Ink4ɑ, a marker of irreversible cell-cycle arrest in old 3xTgAD versus wild-type mice (P = 0.001). The p16Ink4ɑ was also observed in neuronal cells bearing tauopathy within the basal forebrain of 3xTgAD mice. TNF-ɑ, the pro-inflammatory cytokine elevated persistently in microglia (Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.62) and the loss of cholinergic cells in vulnerable basal forebrain environment, was indicated by image analysis in 3xTgAD mice, which linked to the cholinergic deficits in neocortex rCBF haemodynamics. Our study revealed the early change of CBF haemodynamics to acetylcholine in 3xTgAD model. As a major effector of brain innate immune activation, microglia SASP with age-related disease progression is indicative of immune cell senescence, which contributes to chronic inflammation and cholinergic deficits at the basal forebrain. Targeting neuroinflammation and senescence may mitigate cholinergic pathophysiology in Alzheimer’s disease.
Aperiodic and periodic components of oscillatory brain activity in relation to cognition and symptoms in pediatric ADHD
Authors: Dakwar-Kawar Ornella , Mentch-Lifshits Tal , Hochman Shachar , Mairon Noam , Cohen Reut , Balasubramani Pragathi , Mishra Jyoti , Jordan Josh , Cohen Kadosh Roi , Berger Itai , Nahum Mor 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder show deficits in processing speed, as well as aberrant neural oscillations, including both periodic (oscillatory) and aperiodic (1/f-like) activity, reflecting the pattern of power across frequencies. Both components were suggested as underlying neural mechanisms of cognitive dysfunctions in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Here, we examined differences in processing speed and resting-state-Electroencephalogram neural oscillations and their associations between 6- and 12-year-old children with (n = 33) and without (n = 33) attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Spectral analyses of the resting-state EEG signal using fast Fourier transform revealed increased power in fronto-central theta and beta oscillations for the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder group, but no differences in the theta/beta ratio. Using the parameterization method, we found a higher aperiodic exponent, which has been suggested to reflect lower neuronal excitation-inhibition, in the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder group. While fast Fourier transform–based theta power correlated with clinical symptoms for the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder group only, the aperiodic exponent was negatively correlated with processing speed across the entire sample. Finally, the aperiodic exponent was correlated with fast Fourier transform–based beta power. These results highlight the different and complementary contribution of periodic and aperiodic components of the neural spectrum as metrics for evaluation of processing speed in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Future studies should further clarify the roles of periodic and aperiodic components in additional cognitive functions and in relation to clinical status.