bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FEMALE CERATITIS CAPITATA (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) CAPTURE IN A DRY TRAP BAITED WITH A FOOD-BASED SYNTHETIC ATTRACTANT IN AN ARGAN FOREST IN MOROCCO. PART I: LOW POPULATION FIELD TEST
Authors: Bakri A. , Hadis H. , Epsky N.D. , Heath R.R. , Hendrichs J. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractField tests were conducted in an argan forest in Morocco to evaluate the performance of a cylindrical dry trap and food-based synthetic attractant (FA) for monitoring the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly), Ceratitis capitata (Weidemann). This female-targeted trapping system was compared with Jackson traps baited with trimedlure (TML), a male-targeted trapping system. TML-baited traps attracted significantly more males than FA-baited traps (91.4 ± 13.01 and 5.0 ± 0.75 males, respectively), and the FA-baited traps captured significantly more females than did TML-baited traps (9.3 ± 1.93 and 0.1 ± 0.04 females, respectively). For the first month of the field trial, the ratio of mature females to immature females captured in the FA-baited traps was approximately equal, but more immature females were captured in the second month. FA-baited traps were less specific and captured significantly more nontarget flies than did TML-baited traps.
BIOLOGY OF THE GALLERDIPLOLEPIS ROSAEFOLII(HYMENOPTERA: CYNIPIDAE), ITS ASSOCIATED COMPONENT COMMUNITY, AND HOST SHIFT TO THE SHRUB ROSE THÉRÈSE BUGNET
Authors: Shorthouse Joseph D. , Brooks Scott E. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractDiplolepis rosaefolii(Cockerell) induces a lenticular gall on the leaves of various roses across Canada. In Ontario and Quebec,D.rosaefoliiis found only onRosa acicularisLindl., and its galls are inhabited by eight species of parasitoids, the most common beingChrysocharis pentheus(Walker),Orthopelma luteolator(Gravenhorst), andEupelmus dryorhizoxeniAshmead. Parasitoids and the inquilinePericlistussp. make up 48–62% of gall inhabitants. Here we report a population ofD.rosaefoliion the hybrid rugosa shrub rose Thérèse Bugnet in a field of experimental roses in Quebec. Only two species of parasitoids and one specimen ofPericlistussp. were associated with these galls.
COPULATION AND OVIPOSITION BEHAVIOUR OFPROTOPIOPHILA LITIGATA(DIPTERA: PIOPHILIDAE)
Authors: Bonduriansky Russell , Brooks Ronald J. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractUsing field and laboratory (stereoscope) observations, we investigated copulation and oviposition behaviours ofProtopiophila litigataBonduriansky, which mates and oviposits exclusively on discarded cervid antlers. Typically, a male leapt onto a female, briefly tapped the sides of her abdomen with his legs, then stimulated her abdominal tip with his tarsi, parameres, and gonopods until she extended her genitalia (~4 min), after which the pair established genital lock (~10 min). Meanwhile, the female emigrated to a part of the antler where density of single males was lower. Following sperm transfer (~87 min) and genital separation (~5 min), the female deposited and ingested two droplets containing spermatozoa (~6 min). Then she oviposited (~29 min) into cracks or pores in the antler’s surface while the male remained in tandem and pushed away single males with his wings. Males often wrestled for possession of females, but take-overs were rare. Whereas most aspects of the copulation-oviposition cycle ofP. litigataare characteristic of other necrophagous or scatophagous flies, the manner in whichP. litigatafemales expel and ingest ejaculate materials after copulation has not been reported in any other-species of Diptera.
DIURNAL BEHAVIOR OF THE APPLE BLOTCH LEAFMINER MOTH, PHYLLONORYCTER CRATAEGELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: GRACILLARIIDAE)
Authors: Green Thomas A. , Prokopy Ronald J. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractObservations of apple blotch leafminer moths, Phyllonorycter crataegella (Clemens), during daylight hours in commercial apple orchards in New England from 1982 through 1984 indicated a diurnal pattern of activity. Substantial flight in the morning, almost exclusively by males, was associated with mating, and lesser flight from midafternoon until darkness, predominantly by females, was associated with oviposition. Moths were comparatively inactive during midday hours, at which time they were located primarily on the lower third of the tree trunk during the first moth flight (overwintering generation moths), and on leaves during the second and third moth flights (first and second generation moths, respectively). Moths were concentrated at the inner half of the tree canopy during all three moth flights, and especially below 1.5 m height during the first moth flight.
NEW WORLD SPECIES OF CHLORITA, NOTUS, AND FORCIPATA (RHYNCHOTA: HOMOPTERA: CICADELLIDAE: TYPHLOCYBINAE) WITH A NEW TRIBE FORCIPATINI
Authors: Hamilton K.G.A. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractChlorita nearctica is described from the Yukon Territory and is the first member of its genus found in the New World. A synopsis is presented to the Old World species of Chlorita Fieber, 1866 (Typhlocybinae, tribe Empoascini). A new typhlocybine tribe Forcipatini is created for Forcipata DeLong & Caldwell, 1936 and Notus Fieber, 1866. A synopsis of the genus Notus is presented, with Curta as a subgenus containing only the type species. Notus isolatus sp.nov. is described from Drummond Island, Michigan, in Lake Huron and from Quebec. A synopsis of the genus Forcipata DeLong & Caldwell is presented; all species belong to a single subgenus. Five new species are described: F. forficula from Florida, F. ips from Alaska and Yukon, F. montana from the mountains of British Columbia and Montana, and F. unica and F. xlix from Wisconsin. The New World species of the forcipatine genera are keyed.
MANAGEMENT OF LATE-SEASON ADULTS OF THE COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) WITH ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES
Authors: Stewart Jeff G. , Boiteau Gilles , Kimpinski Joe 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe susceptibility of Colorado potato beetle [Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae] to entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernema carpocapsae, ’All’ strain, Nematoda: Heterorhabditae) was tested in the laboratory and the field in 1992 and 1993. Under laboratory conditions, applications of 5.0 × 105S. carpocapsae per square metre to larvae, pupae, and (or) adults resulted in 100% mortality in all experimental groups. Steinernema carpocapsae persisted through the larval–pupal and pupal–adult transitions. A single application of nematodes was sufficient to control the Colorado potato beetle. The following treatments were tested at field sites in New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island: (i) untreated check, (ii) application of nematodes, or (iii) application of insecticides. Straw mulch was either present or absent in each treatment. In 1992 in New Brunswick, nematodes and fenvalerate reduced Colorado potato beetle populations by 31% compared with the untreated check. However, in 1993, differences among treatments were not significant. The results from the field trials in Prince Edward Island were variable; the life expectancy of nematodes is likely shorter in the field than under laboratory conditions. Further investigation into the benefits of repeated applications of nematodes, higher rates, or improvements in application technology are required to achieve consistent control of the Colorado potato beetle.
EFFECT OF PHEROMONE PERMEATION ON SUSTAINED FLIGHT OF MALE SPRUCE BUDWORM
Authors: Sanders C. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractFlight durations of male spruce budworm moths, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), that were locked-on to pheromone plumes from female moths were measured in a wind tunnel. Flight was sustained by use of a movable patterned ceiling. The longest sustained flight was 53 min. The effects of different background concentrations of synthetic pheromone were tested by surrounding the female moths with rubber septa loaded with synthetic pheromone. The duration of sustained flights decreased as the concentration of background synthetic pheromone increased, but at all concentrations some males persisted in orientated flight for 10 min or longer.
SEASONAL ACTIVITY OF THE BIRCH SKELETONIZER, BUCCULATRIX CANADENSISELLA CHAMBERS (LEPIDOPTERA: LYONETIIDAE), IN ALBERTA
Authors: Digweed Scott C. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe birch skeletonizer Bucculatrix canadensisella Chambers was univoltine in central Alberta in 1992 and 1993. Adults occurred from early June until the end of July, and larvae were present from early July on, co-occurring with larvae of the ambermarked birch leafminer, Profenusa thomsoni (Konow). Larval B. canadensisella densities were higher in 1992 than in 1993, and were higher on rural trees at George Lake than on urban ones in Edmonton.
INCIDENCE OF LEIDYANA CANADENSIS (APICOMPLEXA: EUGREGARINIDA) IN LAMBDINA FISCELLARIA FISCELLARIA LARVAE (LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE)
Authors: Lucarotti C.J. , Leclerc T.L. , Clopton R.E. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe gregarine, Leidyana canadensis Clopton and Lucarotti was found infecting the guts of larvae in a declining population of the hemlock looper, Lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria (Guenée), in Charlotte County, New Brunswick. Total mortality, in rearing, of field-collected larvae and pupae was 75.5% in 1993 and 89.2% in 1994. Leidyana canadensis infections were present in 60.1 and 80.5% of these dead insects in the two respective years. The incidence of L. canadensis in larvae that died in rearing was greater than 50% for all instars except those collected in the fifth instar, where the incidence was below 30%. Gregarine infections were present in first-instar larvae on the first days of collection for both years and, in 1994, 74% of all first-instar larvae collected were infected with L. canadensis. Of 678 larvae collected in 1994, 73 survived to adults and, of these, 44 had harbored L. canadensis as larvae. The incidence of other microbes and parasitoids in dead larvae and pupae is also reported.
FLORAL USE BY TWO SYMPATRIC BUMBLE BEE SPECIES (BOMBUS TERRICOLA AND BOMBUS TERNARIUS): EFFICIENCY CONSIDERATIONS
Authors: Plowright C.M.S. , Plowright R.C. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to explain a peculiarity of resource use by two sympatric bumble bee species. In one study area, pronounced resource partitioning was observed: Bombus terricola Kirby was confined to Asclepias syriaca L. and Bombus ternarius Say to Apocynum androsaemifolium L., and yet in another area both species frequented Apocynum. Measurements of floral characteristics and forager behaviour on Apocynum led to an hypothesis regarding floral use by two bumble bee species: B. terricola is relatively inefficient at flying between flowers, and so tends to visit Apocynum only in areas where the plants are closely spaced. Half of the patch of Apocynum was clipped so as to decrease flower density, with the expectation that, as a result, the frequency of B. terricola relative to B. ternarius would be reduced. The prediction was confirmed. The results underscore the role of context in floral use by bees.
A REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL GENUS BDELYRUS HAROLD (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE)
Authors: Cook Joyce 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe genus Bdelyrus Harold is revised. Twenty new species are described: B. amazonensis, B. apaporisae, B. boliviensis, B. braziliensis, B. bromeliatilis, B. genieri, B. gilli, B. grandis, B. howdeni, B. iauaretensis, B. laplanadae, B. leptomerus, B. lobatus, B. metaensis, B. paraensis, B. parvoculus, B. parvus, B. pecki, B. peruviensis, and B. triangulus. Separate keys are given for males and females. Descriptions, illustrations, and range maps are provided, and a phylogenetic analysis is included.
A LATE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY OCCURRENCE OF PHYLLOTRETA STRIOLATA (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) IN NORTH AMERICA
Authors: Bain Allison , LeSage Laurent 
Published: November 2009

AbstractPreserved Coleopteran remains dating to the last quarter of the 17th century were recovered from historical latrine or privy contents in Boston, Massachusetts. This analysis yielded 15 individuals of the striped flea beetle, Phyllotreta striolata (Fabricius). Its presence represents the earliest known record of this species in North America and demonstrates that it was introduced at least a century earlier than previously thought. The species history and possible modes of introduction are discussed.
MATING BEHAVIOR OF TWO PSEUDOXYCHILA BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: CICINDELIDAE)
Authors: Rodríguez S. Rafael Lucas 
Published: November 2009

AbstractCopulations of Pseudoxychila tarsalis Bates and Pseudoxychila bipustulata Latreille consisted of 1–20 intromissions. The male performed four different genitalic movements: prying, thrusts, small thrusts, and pulls. The male also courted the female during copulation by rubbing her with his middle legs. The observed male behavior does not fit previous hypotheses concerning the phases of copulation in tiger beetles. The female sometimes ejected 1 or 2 spermatophores during or after copulation. There were geographic differences in quantitative aspects of P. tarsalis male copulatory behavior, and more pronounced differences between P. tarsalis and P. bipustulata. This variation could result from sexual selection by cryptic female choice on male copulatory behavior.
TACHINIDAE (DIPTERA): NOMENCLATURAL REVIEW AND CHANGES, PRIMARILY FOR AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO
Authors: O’Hara James E. , Wood D. Monty 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe Tachinidae of America north of Mexico have undergone extensive changes in nomenclature since the last catalogue was produced in 1965. Many of these changes were published in the Tachinidae chapter ofManual of Nearctic Diptera, but few of the changes in that work were explicitly stated and none was recorded inZoological Record. These changes, which included a new genus, new records for America north of Mexico, new generic synonymies, and hundreds of new combinations (including extralimital species), are documented here. This paper also includes more than 30 nomenclatural changes proposed as new herein by the junior author (primarily for America north of Mexico), representing new generic and specific synonymies and new combinations. A new record for America north of Mexico is reported.
INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE DOUGLAS-FIR SEED CHALCID, MEGASTIGMUS SPERMOTROPHUS (HYMENOPTERA: TORYMIDAE), AND THE WESTERN CONIFER SEED BUG, LEPTOGLOSSUS OCCIDENTALIS (HEMIPTERA: COREIDAE)
Authors: Blatt S.E. , Borden J.H. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn two laboratory experiments, adult western conifer seed bugs, Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann, did not feed on seed infested by the Douglas-fir seed chalcid, Megastigmus spermotrophus Wachtl. When presented with seed lots containing 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, or 100% chalcid-infested seed, seed bugs fed on uninfested seed only when the percent chalcid infestation was ≤ 40% (Exp. 1), ≤ 20% (Exp. 2, females), or ≤ 60% (Exp. 2, males). In a third experiment, nymphs exposed to similar seed lots did not feed on M. spermotrophus when sound seeds were present. However, when exposed to 100% chalcid-infested seed, nymphs in two of 10 replicates fed on M. spermotrophus. Feeding by seed bugs caused seeds to lose 51% of their weight on average, but 18% of 43 test seeds on which seed bugs had fed germinated. In three Douglas-fir orchards surveyed, both species exhibited a clonal preference, but the ranking of clones preferred by each species was not the same. These results suggest that the impacts of L. occidentalis and M. spermotrophus are segregated and additive.
LIFE HISTORY AND HABITS OF THE WHITE PINE CONE BORER, EUCOSMA TOCULLIONANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)
Authors: de Groot Peter 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe life history of the white pine cone borer, Eucosma tocullionana Heinrich, was studied from 1992 to 1994 in an eastern white pine seed orchard in Ontario. Adults flew from late May to early July, and egg laying commenced in mid-June. Oviposition coincided with the onset of white pine pollen release. Eggs were laid singly or in clusters on cones, with most of the eggs laid on the basal third of the cone. Head capsule measurements indicated five instars. Larvae fed in cones from mid-June to the end of August. Mature larvae exited the cones and dropped to the ground to pupate. The insect is univoltine. Parasitism by the Hymenoptera, Trichogramma and Apanteles, accounted for 5% of the eggs and 1% of the larvae, respectively. About 40% of the larvae died from being entrapped in resin. There were no significant differences in attack rates by E. tocullionana within the tree except in the middle level, where the south quadrant had significantly higher rates than the north quadrant.
ECONOMIC THRESHOLD FOR PLANT BUGS, LYGUS SPP. (HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE), IN CANOLA
Authors: Wise I.L. , Lamb R.J. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractPlant bugs in the genus Lygus infest canola (Brassica napus L. and Brassica rapa L.) when the crop is producing buds, flowers, and pods. Field studies in cages and open plots show that plant bugs can reduce yield by 20% or more, but have little effect on seed size. A single application of a foliar insecticide when the crop has finished flowering and is beginning to produce pods will prevent most or all of the yield loss. The yield loss of canola that can be prevented by control is 0.007 t/ha per plant bug per 10 sweeps sampled at the end of flowering or the beginning of pod formation. The yield loss that can be prevented by a later application drops to 0.005 t/ha. When precipitation is greater than 100 mm from the onset of bud formation to the end of flowering, the crop may partially compensate for plant bug damage. The economic threshold for control of plant bugs in canola at the end of flowering or at the beginning of pod formation is 15 plant bugs per 10 sweeps, based on crop prices and control costs from 1989 to 1992. If plant bugs are present but control is not warranted when most flowering is complete, plant bug densities should be assessed again 5–7 days later as pods develop, but at this stage the threshold is 20 plant bugs per 10 sweeps. The use of economic thresholds for chemical control of plant bugs will maximize seed yield and minimize unnecessary or ineffectively timed insecticide applications.
FOLIAGE SUITABILITY OF SAPLINGS GROWN UNDER CONTRASTING WATER REGIMES TO THE GYPSY MOTH, LYMANTRIA DISPAR
Authors: Naidoo Robin , Lechowicz Martin J. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractWe assessed the robustness of a standard classification of foliage suitability of North American tree species to the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.) for tree species of southern Quebec grown under contrasting water regimes. Dispersal trials for 1st-instar larvae and feeding trials for 4th-instar larvae were conducted to determine whether water regime and (or) maternal effects influenced the preference or avoidance of gypsy moth larvae for foliage from saplings of native tree species of Quebec. We found no effect of water regime on the suitability of foliage to 1st-instar larvae and no effect of water regime and maternal effects for 4th-instar larvae. The standard classification scheme used by U.S. Department of Agriculture researchers in the United States was generally robust to the above factors, and thus suitable for use in southern Quebec.
THE EFFECT OF A NEEM (AZIDIRACHTA INDICA) BASED INSECTICIDE ON SURVIVAL AND DEVELOPMENT OF JUVENILE WESTERN CHERRY FRUIT FLY (RHAGOLETIS INDIFFERENS) (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE)
Authors: vanRanden E.J. , Roitberg B.D. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn the laboratory a proprietary, neem-based insecticide formulation (NBI) was evaluated as a potential pest management tool for the western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran (WCFF). NBI was tested for its potential effects on survival and development of juvenile WCFF. Incorporation of NBI into an artificial larval diet resulted in a decrease in the formation of pupae and subsequent adult emergence. Late third instar larvae exposed to NBI in sand were able to form puparia; however, the numbers of adults and pupae developing inside the puparia were decreased at concentrations as low as 0.05% NBI. Well-timed root drenches with NBI could control R. indifferens by disrupting pupation. Applied in this manner, NBI may provide cherry orchardists with an effective, new control tactic.
DESCRIPTION OF THE LARVA OF REMARTINIA SECRETA AND NOTES ON THE LARVA OF REMARTINIA LUTEIPENNIS FLORIDA (ODONATA: AESHNIDAE)
Authors: Novelo-Gutiérrez Rodolfo 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA detailed description and illustrations of the larva of Remartinia secreta (Calvert) are provided. The main features that distinguish the larva of this species are dark brown coloration; prementum 0.25 times longer than its widest part, with a dorsal row of small spiniform setae close to the lateral margins; length of the lateral spine on abdominal segment six 0.4–0.5 mm; lateral valvae of female gonapophyses shorter than central ones; and female epiproct longer than cerci. Larvae were found living in a lagoon densely covered by aquatic phanerogams such as Eichhornia sp. (Pontedereaceae) and Typha sp. (Thyphaceae). Larva of R. secreta is compared to that of Remartinia luteipennis florida (Hagen), its only sympatric congener.
SPRUCE BEETLE (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) SURVIVAL IN STUMPS AND WINDFALL
Authors: Safranyik L. , Linton D.A. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractSurvival of the spruce beetle, Dendroctonus rufipennis Kirby, from egg to adult, proportion of 1- and 2-year-cycle adults, and egg and egg gallery production per attack were investigated over five generations in stumps and windfall in central British Columbia. Densities of attacks, egg gallery lengths, and brood in various stages of development were obtained by repeated sampling throughout the life cycle. Spruce beetle populations remained at suboutbreak levels throughout the duration of the study. There were generally no differences by area, host type, or infestation year in any of the measured variables. The mean numbers (±SD) of eggs per attack and eggs per centimetre of egg gallery were 80.8 (54.3) and 5.4 (4.6), respectively. Brood survival from egg to adult averaged 6.8%. The lowest and highest survival from egg to adult occurred in the same years as when the lowest and highest percentage of 1-year-cycle adults were produced, respectively. On average, 51.8% of the beetles in stumps and 19.1% of beetles in windfall developed on a 1-year cycle.
A REVIEW OF THE DISSOCHAETUS (COLEOPTERA: LEIODIDAE: CHOLEVINAE) OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA
Authors: Peck Stewart B. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractDescriptions, a key to species, and distribution maps are presented for the three species of Dissochaetus Reitter 1884 known from America north of Mexico. A lectotype is designated for Dissochaetus oblitus LeConte, which occurs in the eastern deciduous forest biome of the eastern United States and southern Ontario. Dissochaetus arizonensis Hatch occurs in mountain forests from Arizona, New Mexico, and west Texas north to Wyoming. Dissochaetus mexicanus Jeannel is reported for the first time in the United States from montane forests in Big Bend, Texas. All are carrion scavengers. Each species represents a separate northwards colonization from Neotropical ancestors.
TWO RELATED SPECIES OF PARAGUS (DIPTERA: SYRPHIDAE), ONE FROM THE NEARCTIC AND ONE FROM THE PALAEARCTIC
Authors: VujiĆ Ante , ŠimiĆ Smiljka , RadenkoviĆ Sneśana 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis paper describes two related species of the subgenus Paragus (Paragus) Latreille 1804 from two remote regions. The study of material from the Bohart Museum (Davis, California, United States) resulted in the discovery of an undescribed Nearctic species, P. vockerothi sp.nov. Simultaneously, one similar new European species, P. glumaci sp.nov., is reported among material collected from the Balkan Peninsula. The description of both species, with figures of male genitalia and diagnostic characters, is given. The zoogeographical significance of the discovery of these species is emphasized.