bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular markers in circulating tumour cells from metastatic colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Gazzaniga Paola , Gradilone Angela , Petracca Arianna , Nicolazzo Chiara , Raimondi Cristina , Iacovelli Roberto , Naso Giuseppe , Cortesi Enrico 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe prognosis of metastatic cancer patients is still largely affected by treatment failure, mainly due to drug resistance. The hypothesis that chemotherapy might miss circulating tumour cells (CTCs) and particularly a subpopulation of more aggressive, stem‐like CTCs, characterized by multidrug resistance, has been recently raised. We investigated the prognostic value of drug resistance and stemness markers in CTCs from metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with oxaliplatin (L‐OHP) and 5‐fluoruracil (5‐FU) based regimens. Forty patients with metastatic colorectal cancer were enrolled. CTCs were isolated from peripheral blood and analysed for the expression of aldheyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1), CD44, CD133 (used as markers of stemness), multidrug resistance related protein 5 (MRP5 used as marker of resistance to 5‐FU and L‐OHP) and survivin (used as a marker of apoptosis resistance). CTCs were found in 27/40 (67%) patients. No correlation was found between the expression of either CD44 and CD133 in CTCs and the outcome of patients, while a statistically significant shorter progression‐free survival was found in patients with CTCs positive for the expression of ALDH1, survivin and MRP5. These results support the idea that isolating survivin and MRP5+ CTCs may help in the selection of metastatic colorectal cancer patients resistant to standard 5‐FU and L‐OHP based chemotherapy, for which alternative regimens may be appropriate.
Triplex real‐time PCR assay for detection and differentiation of Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis
Authors: XU YINGHUA , XU YUNQIANG , HOU QIMING , YANG RUIFU , ZHANG SHUMIN 
Published: July 2010

Xu Y, Xu Y, Hou Q, Yang R, Zhang S. Triplex real‐time PCR assay for detection and differentiation of Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis. APMIS 2010; 118: 685–91.A triplex real‐time PCR assay for detection and differentiation of Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis was developed. Three targets were used for amplification in a single tube: the insertion sequence IS481 and the pertussis toxin promoter region (ptxP) for B. pertussis, and the insertion sequence IS1001 for B. parapertussis. The performance of this PCR assay was evaluated in parallel in three single‐target real‐time PCR assays using DNA extracted from B. pertussis and B. parapertussis reference strains and nasopharyngeal swabs taken from 105 patients who had been coughing for more than 7 days. The minimum detection limit of the triplex PCR was one to five colony‐forming units (CFU) of B. pertussis and 1 CFU of B. parapertussis per reaction, and the coefficients of both intra‐ and inter‐assay variation were less than 7%. Results were available within 4 h. Of the 105 nasopharyngeal samples, seven were culture positive and 23 were PCR positive for B. pertussis. All culture‐positive samples were also PCR positive. Our single‐tube triplex real‐time PCR assay proved to be sensitive, specific and suitable for simultaneous detection and discrimination of B. pertussis and B. parapertussis.
Generation of self‐renewing immature dendritic cells from mouse spleen that can take up mycobacteria and present antigens to T cells
Authors: PAL RUBINA , MARWAHA SARANDEEP , PEPPONI ILARIA , MANN JAMIE F.S. , PAUL MATTHEW J. , RELJIC RAJKO 
Published: July 2010

Pal R, Marwaha S, Pepponi I, Mann JFS, Paul MJ, Reljic R. Generation of self‐renewing immature dendritic cells from mouse spleen that can take up mycobacteria and present antigens to T cells. APMIS 2010; 118: 729–38.Dendritic cells (DC) play a key role in driving the adaptive immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), the causative pathogen of tuberculosis (TB). However, studying these important yet very sparse immune cells in the context of MTB pathogenesis is severely restricted by the lack of suitable cell lines and the complexity of culturing of DC progenitors, usually obtained from the bone marrow. However, significant advances have been made towards generating long‐term DC cultures from various lymphoid tissues. Here, we report the evidence for generating a long‐term, self‐renewing DC culture from the Balb/c mouse spleen. We demonstrate that these cells, termed IDC‐3, have a myeloid DC origin, i.e. they are CD11c+CD11b++CD8‐α−F4/80+/− and that they also display a phenotype MHC‐II+CD16/32++CD80+/−CD86+, indicating that they are immature DC. Following incubation with Mycobacterium bovis BCG (Bacillus Calmette Guerin), the IDC‐3 efficiently took up bacteria and acquired the morphology of mature DC. Importantly though, when IDC‐3 were pre‐stimulated with a mycobacterial antigen in vitro, they were able to induce proliferation of T lymphocytes from mice immunized with the same antigen. The T‐cell stimulatory potential of IDC‐3 was further enhanced when the cells were co‐stimulated with an anti‐CD40 mAb. We therefore suggest that the IDC‐3 culture system could be a useful tool for studying the interaction of DC with mycobacteria.
A new cleavage site for elastase within the complement component 3
Authors: CLAESSON ROLF , KANASI ELENI , JOHANSSON ANDERS , KALFAS SOTIRIOS 
Published: July 2010

Claesson R, Kanasi E, Johansson A, Kalfas S. A new cleavage site for elastase within the complement component 3. APMIS 2010; 118: 765–68.The lysosomal enzyme elastase was earlier shown to cleave the complement molecule C3. During some preliminary experiments on the interactions of certain pathogenic bacteria with the innate defence mechanisms, we observed C3 cleavage, in the presence of elastase, to fragments not previously described. To elucidate this proteolytic reaction, the present study was conducted. Degradation of C3 in mixtures with elastase or cathepsin G was detected by an immunoblot procedure using anti‐C3c and anti‐C3d antibodies after separating the proteins by SDS‐PAGE. Certain C3 fragments were analysed for amino acid sequence. The results revealed the existence of a cleavage site for elastase at the position alanine1350/lysine1351 of the C3 molecule, which has not been previously described. The fragment resulted from this cleavage has a size of about 39 kDa and it contains a part or the whole of C3d. This cleavage was distinct from the one previously described at position 987/988, which gives a 34 kDa C3d‐containing fragment.
Growth/differentiation factor‐5 significantly enhances periodontal wound healing/regeneration compared with platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB in dogs
Authors: Kwon Hyuk‐Rak , Wikesjö Ulf M. E. , Park Jung‐Chul , Kim Young‐Taek , Bastone Patrizia , Pippig Susanne D. , Kim Chong‐Kwan 
Published: July 2010

Kwon H‐R, Wikesjö UME, Park J‐C, Kim Y‐T, Bastone P, Pippig SD, Kim C‐K. Growth/differentiation factor‐5 significantly enhances periodontal wound healing/regeneration compared with platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB in dogs. J Clin Periodontol 2010; 37: 739‐746 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01576.x.AbstractObjective: Recombinant human growth/differentiation factor‐5 (rhGDF‐5) in a particulate β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) carrier is being evaluated to support periodontal regeneration. The objective of this study was to evaluate periodontal wound healing/regeneration following an established clinical (benchmark) protocol including surgical implantation of rhGDF‐5/β‐TCP in comparison with that following implantation of recombinant human platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB (rhPDGF) combined with a particulate β‐TCP biomaterial using an established canine defect model.Materials and Methods: Bilateral, 4 × 5 mm (width × depth), one‐wall, critical‐size, intrabony periodontal defects were surgically created at the mandibular second and fourth pre‐molar teeth in five adult Beagle dogs. Defect sites were randomized to receive rhGDF‐5/β‐TCP or the rhPDGF construct followed by wound closure for primary intention healing. The animals were sacrificed following an 8‐week healing interval for histological and histometric examination.Results: Clinical healing was generally uneventful. Sites receiving rhGDF‐5/β‐TCP exhibited a significantly enhanced cementum formation compared with sites receiving the rhPDGF construct, averaging (±SD) 4.49±0.48 versus 2.72±0.91 mm (p<0.001). Similarly, bone regeneration height and area were significantly enhanced at sites receiving rhGDF‐5/β‐TCP versus that of the rhPDGF construct averaging, 3.08±0.74 versus 1.29±0.78 mm (p<0.001) and 6.03±1.28 versus 2.98±2.61 mm2 (p<0.01), respectively. Cementum regeneration included cellular/acellular mixed (extrinsic/intrinsic) fibre cementum at sites receiving rhGDF‐5/β‐TCP; sites receiving the rhPDGF/β‐TCP showed a pre‐dominantly acellular cementum. Newly formed cementum generally extended above the adjoining alveolar bone. Both protocols displayed β‐TCP residues apparently undergoing resorption. Application of both materials appears safe, as they were associated with limited, if any, adverse events.Conclusion: rhGDF‐5/β‐TCP shows a significant potential to support/accelerate periodontal wound healing/regeneration. Application of rhGDF‐5/β‐TCP appears safe and should be further evaluated in human clinical trials.
Evidence for non‐functional Dickkopf‐1 (DKK‐1) signaling in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
Authors: Filipovich Alexandra , Gandhirajan Rajesh K. , Gehrke Iris , Poll‐Wolbeck Simon J. , Kreuzer Karl‐Anton 
Published: July 2010

AbstractPurpose:  Wnt signaling was demonstrated to be activated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). It is thought to be responsible for the extended survival of CLL cells in vivo. Dickkopf1 (DKK1) is known to antagonize Wnt signaling by direct high‐affinity binding to the extracellular domain of WNT coreceptor lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 6 (LRP6). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of DKK1 in B‐CLL cells in vitro.Methods:  Expression of DKK1 was estimated by Western blot and real‐time PCR. B cells from patients with CLL and healthy donors were incubated with recombinant DKK1. Survival was measured by flow cytometry. Primers for real‐time PCR were designed for extracellular domain of LRP6, responsible for DKK1 binding, and the intracellular region, essential for inhibiting GSK3 β.Results:  Healthy and CLL cells express equivalent mRNA levels of DKK1 and LRP6. After treatment of CLL cells with recombinant DKK1 (1 μg/mL) for 3 h, there was no change in the levels of phosphorylated β‐catenin and total β‐catenin. Healthy B cells proved to have significantly higher levels of extracellular, DKK1 binding domain of LRP6. We estimated that in CLL cells every 6th LRP6 receptor is lacking the extracellular domain.Discussion:  For the first time we show the expression of DKK1 in CLL cells. Unlike in similar tumors, the addition of DKK1 to culture of CLL cells does not inactivate WNT pathway. The reason for this could be the absence of the binding domain of LRP6. On the other hand, a truncated LRP6 without extracellular DKK1 binding domain could lead to an uncontrollable activation of WNT signaling.
In acute pathogenic SIV infection plasmacytoid dendritic cells are depleted from blood and lymph nodes despite mobilization
Authors: Barratt‐Boyes Simon M. , Wijewardana Viskam , Brown Kevin N. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackground  Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) are depleted from blood of individuals with HIV infection associated with progression to disease. It has been postulated but not proven that pDC accumulate in lymph nodes and induce sustained immune activation characteristic of disease.Methods  The dynamics of the pDC response to acute pathogenic SIV infection of rhesus macaques were studied using methods to track recently divided cells.Results  pDC were lost from blood and lymph nodes in acute SIV infection despite rapid mobilization and recruitment. pDC had a low frequency of infection, were uniformly activated and had increased levels of apoptosis, while maintaining normal function.Conclusions  pDC mobilization into blood and lymph nodes in acute SIV infection does not keep pace with excessive pDC loss through activation and apoptosis. The depletion of pDC from lymphoid tissues in acutely infected rhesus macaques does not support a pathogenic role for pDC in disease.
An adult female patient with ring chromosome 21: behavioural phenotype and results of high-resolution molecular characterisation
Authors: Verhoeven Willem M.A. , Van Bon Bregje , Egger Jos I.M. , Hoischen Alexander , Doelman Jan C 
Published: July 2010

Verhoeven WMA, Bon BV, Egger JIM, Hoischen A, Doelman JC. An adult female patient with ring chromosome 21: behavioural phenotype and results of high-resolution molecular characterisation.ObjectiveA female adult patient with mild to moderate mental retardation and minor dysmorphisms was referred for neuropsychiatric examination because of psychotic and autistic symptoms and impulsive behaviours.MethodsStandardized neuropsychiatric and neuropsychological assessment as well as detailed somatic and neurological examination was performed. For genetic analysis, karyotyping, whole genome array analysis, and high-resolution detailed analysis of chromosome 21 were carried through.ResultsKaryotyping showed a de novo ring chromosome 21: 46,XX,der(21)r(21)(p11q22.3). High-resolution array analysis demonstrated a complex aberration consisting of an interstitial duplication in 21q21.1, an interstitial deletion in 21q22.2q22.3, an interstitial deletion in 21q22.3 and a terminal deletion of 21q22.3. Apart from mild dysmorphisms, visual and auditory impairments, and infertility, no somatic or neurological abnormalities were found. A formal psychiatric diagnosis could not be established. The behavioural problems and the supposed psychiatric symptoms could be related to her disharmonic social cognitive profile. The behaviour normalized after the patient returned to a stable and structured living environment.ConclusionHigh-resolution micro-array analysis techniques are essential to substantiate the genotype–phenotype correlation in patients with r(21) and other genetic disorders. Moreover, the results of this study stress the importance of the recognition of alexithymia as a potential cause for behavioural problems and psychiatric symptoms in patients with mental retardation in general.
Mucopolysaccharidosis type III (Sanfilippo disease) in Sweden: clinical presentation of 22 children diagnosed during a 30‐year period
Authors: Malm G , Månsson J‐E 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAim:  The aim of this study was to present the natural clinical course in children and adolescents with MPS III diagnosed during a 30‐year period in Sweden.Methods:  The patients were identified from metabolic laboratory records between 1975 and 2004. Patient data were assessed from interviews of parents and by clinical examination and records from the patients.Results:  A total of 15 children, 68%, with MPS IIIA were diagnosed at a median age of 6.8 years (range 1.2–18.9 years). One boy had MPS IIIB and five children MPS IIIC, diagnosed at ages between 1.9 and 11.6 years. In one child the type was not determined. The median age of children with type IIIA who had deceased was 16.2 years (range 10.4–31.2 years). Ten individuals with MPS III are alive at ages between 5 and 29 years. In four families, two children were affected.Conclusion:  In 22 Swedish children with Sanfilippo disease an early normal development followed by a delay in speech and an appearance of behaviour problems was found in most children during the early preschool period. Mental retardation was diagnosed in almost all individuals before starting school. Early diagnosis is important in this devastating, progressive disorder, not only for genetic counselling but also for participation in future treatments.
Extremely preterm infants tolerate skin‐to‐skin contact during the first weeks of life
Authors: Maastrup Ragnhild , Greisen Gorm 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAim:  To determine if clinically stable extremely preterm infants can maintain their temperature during skin‐to‐skin contact and to screen for other negative effects.Methods:  Continuous measurement of 22 stable infants’ physical parameters 2 h before, during, and 2 h after skin‐to‐skin‐contact. Mean gestational age at birth was 25 weeks and 4 days, mean post‐natal age was 8 days, postmenstrual age was 26 weeks and 6 days, and mean actual weight 702 g. Mean duration of skin‐to‐skin‐contact was 98 min. 16 infants were skin‐to‐skin with the mother, five with the father and one with an older sister.Results:  There were no significant differences in mean skin temperature, heart rate, respiration rate, or oxygen saturation before, during, and after skin‐to‐skin contact. While staying within normal range, the mean skin temperature increased 0.1°C during skin‐to‐skin contact with the mother and decreased 0.3°C during skin‐to‐skin contact with the father (p = 0.011) (without post‐hoc correction).Conclusion:  Clinically stable, extremely preterm infants can keep adequate skin temperature and adequate physical stability during skin‐to‐skin contact with their parents.
Early Modern English Catholicism and the Rewriting of Literary History
Authors: Monta Susannah 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis article considers the implications of the reinvigorated scholarly interest in early modern English Catholicism and its implications for early modern literary history. Surveying contemporary scholarship as well as little‐known or understudied early modern printed and manuscript texts, the article suggests ways in which the study of English Catholicism is reshaping our conceptions of early modern religious, political, and literary cultures.
Surveying the Eighteenth‐Century Anglo‐Indian Canon
Authors: Schürer Norbert 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe canon of eighteenth‐century British literature has productively splintered into many canons, and one that should be added is the Anglo‐Indian canon. This postcolonial canon consists of literature exploring the relationship between Britain and India and performing cultural productions of ‘India’ in the process. The most important works in the Anglo‐Indian canon between about 1750 and 1850 include novels (Hartly House, Calcutta, The Missionary), drama (The Nabob, The Mogul Tale, The Sword of Peace, The Widow of Malabar), poetry (Bedukah, The Curse of Kehama), and travel narratives (by William Hodges, Georg Forster, Lord Valentia, and Bishop Heber). These authors address issues such as the characteristics of Indian religion, government, culture, and economics; the effects India has on British soldiers, administrators, merchants, and artists; the differences in gender roles; and the responsibilities Britain has toward India. The earlier work in the Anglo‐Indian canon (from the eighteenth century) is more open‐minded toward India, allowing for curiosity, engagement, and hybridity. In contrast, the later work (from the nineteenth century) envisions the encounter of cultures as a clash, asserts British superiority, and promotes Orientalism.
Mary Tighe and Literary History: The Making of a Critical Reputation
Authors: Linkin Harriet Kramer 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis essay offers a survey of critical (and uncritical) responses to Mary Tighe from the initial private printing of her epic poem Psyche; or, the Legend of Love in 1805 to the present. It opens with a brief discussion of the problematic status of Tighe’s literary papers, reviews the curious fame she experienced before her death in 1810, and then provides a detailed analysis of her literary reception in the nineteenth, twentieth and twenty‐first century after the 1811 publication of Psyche, with Other Poems. In addition to its extensive overview of the published scholarship that has shaped Tighe’s critical reputation, the essay also attends to the less prominent readers (or fans) who played a significant role in keeping what Thomas Moore once called Tighe’s ‘quiet fame’ alive.
The Reintroduction of Ethics to Eighteenth‐Century Literary Studies
Authors: Kraft Elizabeth 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe 1980s and 1990s witnessed a ‘turn to ethics’ in literary criticism in general and in criticism of the literature of the long 18th century in particular. Wayne Booth’s The Company We Keep was instrumental in turning our attention to the relationship between books and readers, a relationship that he figured as a ‘friendship’ with the kinds of ethical demands that attend all friendships. A highly regarded work, Company influenced subsequent studies, such as my Character and Consciousness in Eighteenth‐Century Comic Fiction, but it was not until critics such as Melvyn New and Donald Wehrs began to situate literary analysis in terms drawn from the philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas that ‘ethical criticism’ of the field would become an identifiable ‘school’ of 18th‐century studies. Building on, but diverging from, the political emphases of race, class, and gender, ethical critics insist on the ‘otherness’ of the text and its resistance to our ideologies and assumptions. My Women Novelists and the Ethics of Desire, for example, reads the works of women writers as statements of ethical agency rather than as evidence of political objectification. Edward Tomarken’s Genre and Ethics similarly attends to the voices of literary works in their own contexts, meeting them face‐to‐face (in Levinasian terms) before asking questions regarding political implications or assumptions. The ‘turn to ethics’ is not a turn away from politics, however, for the impact of the ethical encounter will have real‐world consequences. Therefore, ecocriticism and disability studies are likely to become growth areas in 18th‐century ethical readings in the near future as these concerns surfaced in the period itself and are two subjects that dominate our own social, political, and ethical lives as well.
Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among a group of Turkish nursing and midwifery students during clinical practise training: Frequency of needlestick and sharps injuries
Authors: KARADAĞ Mevlüde 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAim:  To ascertain the number of needlestick and sharps injuries (NSSIs) in nursing and midwifery students and to assess the use of universal precautions among injured and non‐injured students.Methods:  A survey of a representative sample of nursing and midwifery students who did clinical practise in a hospital was conducted. In total, 203 students met the inclusion criterion of the study. Of these, 141 (69.46%) provided useable data. The survey form was designed by the researcher after reviewing the relevant literature. The data frequency, percentages, and χ2‐values were examined.Results:  According to the data, 35.5% of the participating students had experienced a NSSI, 54% of the students had received one NSSI, and 36.0% had two NSSIs. Sixty‐six percent of the injured students had been injured by an ampoule and the majority of injuries occurred in the treatment room. Most of the students had washed their injury with antiseptic solution and 84% had not told anyone about their injury. While 86.5% of the students threw away used needles in the special sharps containers disposal box, 89.4% also stated that they always recapped used needles. Almost all the students had received the hepatitis B vaccine. Only 14% of the students stated that they always wore gloves.Conclusions:  This study shows that a significant percentage of nursing and midwifery students receive NSSIs. It is very important to frequently review information about preventive measures so that the students practise them during clinical practise every semester. Moreover, the instructors should monitor if the students are taking the necessary preventive measures without fail.