bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renal Lesions with Low-level Enhancement on Contrast-enhanced CT Promotes
Early Detection of Drug-induced Kidney Injury in Patients Administered Anticancer
Drugs
Authors: Chai Xiao-Ming , Yang Xiu-Rong , Li Ying-Li , Li Zi-Yan , Mi Yan-Jun 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Some patients with cancer-administered anti-cancer drugs may develop renal lesions with low-level enhancement on follow-up abdominal
computed tomography (CT).

Objective:
To explore the clinical significance of renal lesions with low-level enhancement on CT after exposure to anti-cancer drugs.

Methods:
Medical records of patients with cancer who developed renal lesions on CT after exposure to anti-cancer drugs were retrospectively reviewed.
Renal lesions were scored according to the extent of involvement, CT attenuation values of lesions and normal parenchyma were measured on precontrast
CT and three phases of contrast-enhanced CT, and changes in serum creatinine (SCr) from one week before exposure to drugs to one week
before and after the appearance of renal lesions were recorded.

Results:
This study included 54 patients (86 lesions). Lesions were slightly lower density on pre-contrast CT, and less enhancing than normal renal
parenchyma, especially in the delayed phase. Lesions were wedge-shaped, and involved the renal pyramid and associated renal cortex, as well as,
were single or multiple, and occurred in the unilateral or bilateral kidneys. There were patchy and cord-like shadows of increased density in
adjacent perirenal adipose tissue. During follow-up, lesions disappeared in 15 patients and persisted in 39 patients without significant progression.
There were significant differences in renal lesions and normal renal parenchyma CT attenuation values in each phase of contrast-enhanced CT.
Change in SCr level was significantly positively correlated with lesion score.

Conclusion:
Renal lesions with low-level enhancement on CT suggest early drug-induced kidney injury. These findings will inform clinical decision-making.
Silver-Coated Waste Rubber Micro-Particles with Low Density, High Stability, and Excellent Electromagnetic Shielding Ability: Design, Preparation, and Characterization
Authors: Lv Xin-Kun , Zhong Qi , Li Yong-Kun , Yu Jin-Gang 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
The electromagnetic radiation caused by the increasing application of
electronic devices is associated with environmental hazards and health risks.

Methods:
With the rapid development of science and technology, it is urgent to reduce electromagnetic
interference by introducing effective electromagnetic shielding materials. Furthermore,
novel electromagnetic shielding materials with increasing stability and decreasing density have
become the focus of the current research. Herein, silver (Ag) coated rubber (AR) micro-particles
(MPs) were prepared by coating Ag nanoparticles (NPs) onto waste AR MPs.

Results:
The AR MPs not only exhibited superior electromagnetic shielding performance with
the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) value of 6.1 dB at 5.8 GHz,
but also possessed excellent long-time stability (240 h) in high-temperature (85 °C) and high
humidity (85% RH) environment. Due to the low density (0.66 g/cm3) of AR-3 MPs, its practical
application in lightweight and highly integrated electronic devices is guaranteed.

Conclusion:
The developed AR MPs have exhibited broad application prospects in the electromagnetic
interference (EMI) shielding field due to the good EMI shielding performance, high
stability and low density.
Acceleration of Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats through a Novel 3D Organo-Hydrogel Nanocomposite of Polydopamine/TiO2 Nanoparticles and Cu (PDA-TiO2@Cu)
Authors: Elekhtiar Sally A. , Gazia Maha Mohamed Abo , Helal Azza I. , Mahfouz Hala , El-Kemary Nesma M. , Abd-Elsalam Sherief , Elksass Samar , Alkabes Hend A. , El-Kemary Maged , Abd-Elsalam Marwa M. 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Diabetic wound represents a serious issue with a substantial impact and
an exceptionally complex pathology affecting patients’ mental health and quality of life. So, we
have developed a novel 3D organo-hydrogel nanocomposite of polydopamine/TiO2 nanoparticles
and cu (PDA-TiO2@Cu) and examined its efficacy in diabetic wound healing.

Methods:
Forty-five adult male albino rats were divided into normal control rats (non-diabetic
rats with non-treated skin wounds), diabetic control rats (diabetic rats with non-treated skin
wounds), and organo-hydrogel-treated rats (diabetic wounds treated with topically applied organo-
hydrogel once daily). Macroscopic changes of the wound were observed on days 0, 3, 5, 7,
and 10 to measure wound diameters. Skin specimens from the wound tissue were taken on days
3, 7, and 10, respectively, and examined histologically and immunohistochemically. Also, the
gene expressions of collagen I, Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and Epidermal Growth
Factor (EGF), and levels of Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) were assessed.

Results:
Our observed results indicated that the developed patch significantly accelerated the
healing time compared to the normal control and diabetic control groups. Moreover, the patchloaded
group revealed complete re-epithelization and a highly significant increase in the mean
area % of CD31 immunostaining on day 7. The organo-hydrogel-loaded group displayed a significant
decrease in gene expression of MMP-9 and a significant increase in gene expression of
EGF and collagen I. Additionally, the organo-hydrogel-loaded group exhibited a significant decrease
in levels of IL-6 and a significant increase in levels of SOD, compared to the normal diabetic
control groups.

Conclusion:
The organo-hydrogel can be used for treating and decreasing the healing period of
diabetic wounds.
Lightweight Underwater Target Detection Method based on Improved YOLOv5s
Authors: Mi Yongfa , Chi Mingshan , Zhang Qiang , Liu Pengjie , Sun Fangyang 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
In the target detection technology of underwater robots, many patents and
papers have aimed to enhance the accuracy of underwater target detection, but limited resources in
underwater robots overlook lightweight detection methods.

Method:
In this study, we proposed an underwater target detection method using lightweight devices
while ensuring high accuracy that could be maintained with limited resources. Our proposed algorithm
leveraged the Ghost lightweight network, EMA mechanism, and CARAFE up-sampling technology
to enhance YOLOv5s. To validate our method, comparative experiments, visual analysis, and
ablation experiments were conducted.

Results:
The experimental results showed that our algorithm had a model size of only 9.7 M, with
4.38×106 parameters and a computational volume of 8.4 GFLOPs. Precision, recall, and mAP@0.5
increased by 4.2%, 2.2%, and 2.5%, respectively

Conclusion:
Our improved algorithm provided an efficient and accurate solution for underwater
robot target detection technology.
Factors for Implementing Medical Cannabis Cultivation in Brazil
Authors: de Oliveira Danielle Louzada , Amaral Ana Claudia Fernandes , de Souza Ramos Aline 
Published: April 2024

:
The medicinal properties of the Cannabis genus are evident and many studies indicate its
usefulness to treat many diseases. However, the production of Cannabis-based products has been
hampered by its criminalization. Currently its cultivation is not allowed in Brazil, except in specific
situations. It increases the price of Cannabis-based products, as it requires the importation of inputs,
making it difficult for most of the population to access such medicines. In this context, this review
presents an overview of Brazilian legislation on medical Cannabis and the current market for Cannabis
products in Brazil. The main goal is to encourage the cultivation of medical Cannabis and the
distribution of its products by the Brazilian Unified Health System. In addition, it presents recommendations
to implement cultivation based on a bibliographic survey carried out in scientific databases
and clinical evidence of the effectiveness of Cannabis in treating patients suffering from several
diseases and conditions, although more complete studies are needed to confirm both risk-benefit
relationship and dose to be administered. After searching for legislation and bills on government
websites, it became evident that there was a need for changes in Brazilian legislation to enable cultivation
in Brazil. However, there are several proposals for legislation in progress, and Brazil can significantly
benefit from this therapeutic option.
Hippocampal Serotonin and Responses to Immobilization Stress in Rats
Treated with Metformin
Authors: Afroz Rushda , Salman Tabinda , Nawaz Shazia , Mustafa Nazish , Zafar Munnum , Haleem Darakhshan Jabeen 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Stress-related illnesses and depression are rising in modern society. Selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitors as well as other antidepressants, are also not very effective and
commonly exhibit partial remission, suggesting the need for novel therapeutic agents for treating
anxiety and depression.

Objective:
The present study was designed to investigate serotonergic mechanisms in the potential
anxiolytic and stress-reducing effects of metformin.

Method:
In the first experiment, rats were given two doses (50 and 100mg/kg) of metformin to
monitor the effects of repeated administration on motor activity, anxiety, and 5-HT-1A receptor
expression in the hippocampus and raphe nuclei. The second experiment was conducted in 2 parts,
in 2a. experiment, control, and metformin (50 mg/kg) treated rats were immobilized for 2 hours for
5 consecutive days. Food intake and body weight were monitored daily and anxiety-like behavior
was monitored on days 2 and 6. On day 6, rats were again immobilized for 2 hours, and after termination
of stress rats were sacrificed to collect the hippocampus for HPLC-EC analysis of serotonin
(5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) and 5-hydroxy indole acetic acid (5-HIAA). In 2b. experiment,
control, and metformin (50 mg/kg) treated rats were immobilized for 2 hours, and after 2 hours rats
were sacrificed to collect the hippocampus for HPLC-EC analysis of 5-HT and 5-HIAA.

Results:
We found that metformin treatment exhibited anxiety reduction associated with greater
expression of 5-HT-1A receptor in the hippocampus and reduced expression in the raphe nuclei.
Immobilization stress-induced food intake and body weight deficits were comparable in control
and metformin-treated rats, but the anxiogenic effects of stress were smaller in the metformintreated
group. Stress-induced decreases of hippocampal 5-HT were smaller in metformin-treated
than in control rats.

Conclusion:
Metformin can reduce stress-induced anxiety mediated via an increase in hippocampal
5-HT levels and 5-HT-1A heteroreceptor expression.
Formulation Optimization and Characterization of Tizanidine Hydrochloride-loaded Gold Nanoparticles Using Quality by Design Approach
Authors: Kamble Milind Dharmraj , Gaikwad Mahesh , Marathe Rajendra , Shirsat Mahendra , Tapadiya Ganesh 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Gold nanoparticles (GNP) have been used extensively in cancer biologics
and as drug carrier systems for improved pharmacokinetics and effective therapeutic action. GNPs
also ensure reliable diagnosis with sensitive imaging.

Objective:
This study aimed to synthesize tizanidine hydrochloride (TZN)-biodegradable gold (Au)
nanoparticles by the reduction of chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) with trisodium citrate using a microwave
synthesizer and quality by design approach.

Methods:
The formulation method used was optimized using a 32 (two-factor, three-level design)
factorial experiment. Temperature (X1) and concentration of gold salt (X2) were the two independent
factors, and particle size (Y1), Percent drug entrapment efficiency (Y2), and polydispersity index
(Y3) were the responses recorded for the study.

Results:
The results of the study revealed that the optimized nanoparticles (TGN8) had a particle
size (Y1) of 195 ± 1.2 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.2, and entrapment efficiency of 99.0 ± 2.9%
at an optimized concentration of 14 mM gold salt (X1) and 100°C temperature (X2). Atomic Force
Microscopy showed the spherical shape particles. In vitro drug release was found to be 62.1 ± 0.5%
release of TZN in simulated gastric buffer (pH 1.2) and 45.5 ± 2.8% in physiological buffer (pH
7.4).

Conclusion:
Overall, the study identified the optimal formulation conditions for TZN GNPs by
considering the effects of independent variables on desired responses.
RES-CMCNPs Enhance Antioxidant, Proinflammatory, and Sensitivity of Tumor Solids to γ-irradiation in EAC-Bearing Mice
Authors: Mansour Mohamed S. , Mahmoud Amira A. , Sayah Mohannad A. , Mohamed Zahraa N. , Hussein Mohammed A. , ALsherif Diana A. 
Published: April 2024

Objectives:
Resveratrol (Res) is a bifunctional compound found in numerous plants, including
grapes and mulberries. Nanotechnology has promising applications in medicine. The ability
of various nanomaterials to serve as radiosensitizers against tumor cells were reported in several
manuscripts. The present investigation aimed to assess the antitumor and radiosensitizing effects of
Res-CMCNPs on EAC-bearing mice.

Methods:
Res-CMCNPs have been developed using the CMC emulsification cross-linking technique.
Entrapment efficiency (%), particle size, Polydispersity index and ZETA potential, UV, FTIR
spectra, and drug release were evaluated and described for RES-CMCNPs. The radiosensitizing
properties of RES-CMCNPs were also evaluated in vitro and in vivo against EAC-carrying rodents.
The LD50 of Res-CMCNPs was estimated and its 1/20 LD50 was prepared for treating EAC transplanted
mice.

Results:
The results revealed that the Res-CMCNPs exhibited a high entrapment efficiency
(85.46%) and a size of approximately 184.60 ±17.36 nm with zeta potential value equals -51.866
mv. Also, the UV spectra of Res and Res-CMCNPs have strong absorption at 225 and 290 nm. The
percentage of resveratrol release at pHs 5.8 and 7.4 was found to be 56.73% and 51.60%, respectively,
after 24 h at 100 rpm. Also, the FTIR analysis confirmed the chemical stability of resveratrol in
Res-CMCNPs cross-linking. The IC50 values of Res-CMCNPs against EAC cells viability were
32.99, 25.46, and 22.21 μg after 24-, 48- and 72 h incubation, respectively, whereas those of Res-
CMCNPs in combination with γ-irradiation after 6-, 10 and 12-mins exposure were 24.07, 16.06 and
7.48 μg, respectively. Also, the LD50 of Res-CMCNPs was 2180 mg/kg.b.w. The treatment of
EAC-bearing mice with Res-CMCNPs plus γ-irradiation improved plasma levels of NO, caspase-3,
P53 and NF-kB levels as well as liver MDA, GSH, SOD, CAT, LT-B4, aromatase, Bax, Bcl2 and
TGF-β levels and exhibited more significant anticancer activity than administration of Res-
CMCNPs and/or exposure to γ-irradiation individually. On the other hand, administration of Res-
CMCNPs in combination with γ-irradiation attenuated liver mRNAs (21, 29b, 181a, and 451) gene
expression.

Conclusion:
Grafting resveratrol onto carboxymethyl chitosan appears to be a promising strategy
for cancer therapy as a radiosensitizer, potentiating tumor cells' sensitivity to radiation by improving
levels of proinflammatory features and antioxidant biomarkers.
Antimicrobial Nano-coatings of Ti Surfaces for Anti-inflammatory Aims in Dental Implants
Authors: Masoudi Sahar , Torab Ali , Negahdari Ramin , Maleki Dizaj Solmaz , Sharifi Simin , Mosayebzadeh Amin 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Coating of dental implants with nanoparticles can lead to improved fixation
of implants.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to review the reported antimicrobial nano-coatings of Ti surfaces
(dental implants) for anti-inflammatory, tissue integration, and osteogeneration aims.

Methods:
The data were collected from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus sources.

Results:
The results showed that the antimicrobial nano-coatings of Ti surfaces exhibited a reduction
in initial bacterial adhesion, concomitantly with an increase in the attachment of human gingival
fibroblasts. In addition, the application of these surfaces resulted in anti-inflammatory effects
with different mechanisms. Some nano-coated titanium surfaces have also shown enhanced hydrophilicity
and corrosion resistance, aiding the adhesion and proliferation of osteoblasts.

Conclusion:
Coating Ti surfaces with antimicrobial nanoparticles can improve soft tissue integration
and osteogeneration, leading to improved fixation of implants. Moreover, such coatings may
profit biocompatible surfaces with a controlled release profile for the antimicrobial agents.
Polymersomes: A Novel Approach for Cancer Theranostics
Authors: Yadav Soniya , Patel Asha , Ahlawat Priyanka , Panjawani Drishti , Patel Shruti 
Published: April 2024

Background:
In the recent epochs of advancement in the field of oncology, polymersomes-
based drug delivery systems have witnessed a significant breakthrough. Nano-sized carriers
formed from amphiphilic block-copolymers, have distinctive compositions and structures, enabling
them to encapsulate a diverse range of compounds.

Objective:
This comprehensive review aims to highlight the significant advancements reflecting
progress made in the past few decades and their potential in cancer treatments, offering a promising
future for improved patient outcomes and as a tool for theranostics.

Method:
Different approaches for synthesizing nanocarriers with distinct responsive characteristics
have been mentioned. Redox-responsive polymersomes are designed, and their self-assembly
behavior is studied. pH-responsive are created using specific copolymers, while enzyme-responsive
ones are engineered to degrade in the presence of lysosomal enzymes using various approaches
like thin-film hydration, nanoprecipitation, etc.

Result:
Polymersomes have exhibited remarkable breakthroughs in cancer theranostics and addressed
various challenges associated with drug targeting, diminishing the toxicity, and related issues,
exhibiting advantages such as enhanced stability, prolonged circulation time, and the ability
to encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances. Over the past few decades, they have
been proven as a breakthrough approach for cancer therapy.

Conclusion:
Polymersomes present a promising platform for advancing cancer therapeutics and diagnostics,
offering a multifunctional approach that combines targeted drug delivery with imaging
capabilities. Their versatility makes them valuable tools for researchers and practitioners in the
field of medicine.
Cannabidiol (CBD) Listed as a Drug of Abuse by the Italian Health Ministry: Expert Opinion
Authors: Comacchio Carla , Balestrieri Matteo , Colizzi Marco 
Published: April 2024

:
In August 2023, the Italian Health Ministry listed cannabidiol (CBD) as a drug of
abuse. This rekindled the debate on the medical and non-medical use of cannabis. The most discussed
topics are risks related to the use of cannabis, the decriminalization/legalization of recreational
cannabis, and use of cannabis-based drugs for medical purposes. The decision to include
CBD in the “Unique Text for drugs of abuse” (DPR.309/1990), along with the already included
main psychoactive component of cannabis, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), is not particularly
relevant to such ongoing discussions. Even when it comes to cannabis-based drugs for medical
purposes, such a decision will have a minimum impact on CBD-based medical prescriptions. Instead,
a high economic impact is expected on CBD-based products sold online or in specific
shops, including the so-called “cannabis-light”, formally sold as a “technological product” for collection
purposes but used as over-the-counter drugs for the treatment of several medical conditions.
Cannabis-light products have reduced regular drug consumption by about 10%. Also, they
are not entirely safe, as the actual content of THC may significantly differ from the one stated,
carrying unexpected health risks. Further, CBD is likely not a drug with addictive potential; however,
its uncontrolled use for medical purposes needs to be regulated as the court battles are ongoing.
Redefining Health Care Data Interoperability: Empirical Exploration of Large Language Models in Information Exchange
Authors: Yoon Dukyong , Han Changho , Kim Dong Won , Kim Songsoo , Bae SungA , Ryu Jee An , Choi Yujin 
Published: April 2024

Background
Efficient data exchange and health care interoperability are impeded by medical records often being in nonstandardized or unstructured natural language format. Advanced language models, such as large language models (LLMs), may help overcome current challenges in information exchange.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate the capability of LLMs in transforming and transferring health care data to support interoperability.

Methods
Using data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III and UK Biobank, the study conducted 3 experiments. Experiment 1 assessed the accuracy of transforming structured laboratory results into unstructured format. Experiment 2 explored the conversion of diagnostic codes between the coding frameworks of the ICD-9-CM (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification), and Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms (SNOMED-CT) using a traditional mapping table and a text-based approach facilitated by the LLM ChatGPT. Experiment 3 focused on extracting targeted information from unstructured records that included comprehensive clinical information (discharge notes).

Results
The text-based approach showed a high conversion accuracy in transforming laboratory results (experiment 1) and an enhanced consistency in diagnostic code conversion, particularly for frequently used diagnostic names, compared with the traditional mapping approach (experiment 2). In experiment 3, the LLM showed a positive predictive value of 87.2% in extracting generic drug names.

Conclusions
This study highlighted the potential role of LLMs in significantly improving health care data interoperability, demonstrated by their high accuracy and efficiency in data transformation and exchange. The LLMs hold vast potential for enhancing medical data exchange without complex standardization for medical terms and data structure.
Monitoring dan Pengatur Suhu Otomatis Pada Lumbung Padi Berbasis IoT
Authors: Rozie Fachrul Rozie 
Published: April 2024

Lumbung padi merupakan tempat penyimpan padi sebagai teknik ketahanan pangan masyarakat di desa. Suhu pada tempat penyimpanan padi akan sangat panas pada saat matahari terik dan akan cukup dingin pada saat musim penghujan. Penyimpanan padi tersebut mempunyai beberapa masalah yaitu ketika curah hujan meninggi menyebabkan suhu dilumbung menurun sehingga padi lembab dan mengakibatkan padi rusak menghitam terkena jamur dan juga ketika suhu matahari terlalu panas menyebabkan padi terlalu panas dan mudah hancur. Sensor yang dapat mendeteksi suhu dan kelembaban adalah sensor DHT22 dan bisa dikombinasikan dengan mikrokontroller nodeMCU untuk menerapkan teknologi Internet of Thing didalamnya dipadukan dengan lampu pijar yang dapat menaikan suhu dan kipas untuk menurunkan suhu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memonitoring suhu dan kelembaban pada lumbung padi dari jarak jauh serta mengendalikan suhu yang ada didalamnya agar tetap ideal. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan Nilai suhu rata-rata pada lumbung berkisar 29-37°C pada sebelum menggunakan alat yang dibuat dan untuk kelembaban pada lumbung padi berkisar 55-76%. Nilai set poin suhu yaitu 40°C.