bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of using tissue microarray cores of paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissue for measurement of gene expression: a proof-of-concept study
Authors: Drury Suzanne , Salter Janine , Baehner Frederick L , Shak Steven , Dowsett Mitch 
Published: May 2010

AimsTo determine whether 0.6 mm cores of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue, as commonly used to construct immunohistochemical tissue microarrays, may be a valid alternative to tissue sections as source material for quantitative real-time PCR-based transcriptional profiling of breast cancer.MethodsFour matched 0.6 mm cores of invasive breast tumour and two 10 μm whole sections were taken from eight FFPE blocks. RNA was extracted and reverse transcribed, and TaqMan®assays were performed on the 21 genes of the Oncotype DX®Breast Cancer assay. Expression of the 16 recurrence-related genes was normalised to the set of five reference genes, and the recurrence score (RS) was calculated.ResultsRNA yield was lower from 0.6 mm cores than from 10 μm whole sections, but was still more than sufficient to perform the assay. RS and single gene data from cores were highly comparable with those from whole sections (RS p=0.005). Greater variability was seen between cores than between sections.ConclusionsFFPE sections are preferable to 0.6 mm cores for RNA profiling in order to maximise RNA yield and to allow for standard histopathological assessment. However, 0.6 mm cores are sufficient and would be appropriate to use for large cohort studies.
Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Aqueous Extracts from ThreeFlemingiaSpecies
Authors: Ko Yu-Jen , Lu Tsung-Chun , Kitanaka Susumu , Liu Chia Yu , Wu Jin-Bin , Kuo Chao-Lin , Cheng Hao-Yuan , Lin Ying-Chih , Peng Wen-Huang 
Published: May 2010

I-Tiao-Gung has long been used in the Kinmen area of Taiwan as an anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of rheumatic illness. The roots of Flemingia lineata (FL), Flemingia macrophylla (FM) and Flemingia prostrata (FP) are also used as I-Tiao-Gung in the Taiwan markets. In the present study, we investigated the analgesic effect of aqueous extracts of Flemingia lineata (FL), Flemingia macrophylla (FM), and Flemingia prostrata (FP) by acetic acid-induced writhing response, formalin test, and the anti-inflammatory effect of FM, FL and FP by λ-carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice. We also detected the changes in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GRx) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) of liver in the λ-carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice to investigate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of FL and FM.The results showed that FL and FM significantly inhibited the acetic acid-induced writhing response and formalin-induced licking time during the late phase (p < 0.001). FL and FM also significantly decreased the λ-carrageenan-induced paw edema (p < 0.001). FL and FM significantly increased the GRx and GPx activities in the liver and decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) in the edema paw (p < 0.001).These results indicated that FL and FM possessed analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of FL and FM might be related to the decrease in the level of MDA in the edema paw via increasing the activities of GPx and GRx in the liver and decreasing the NO level in the edema paw.
A Temporarily Resurrected Dog and Other Wonders: Thomas of Margā and Early Christian/Muslim Encounters
Authors: Penn Michael Philip 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn the mid-ninth century, the east Syrian bishop Thomas of Margā composed a lenghy monatic history now known as The Book Of Governors. Amidst Thomas’s numerous anecdotes concerning the exploits of Christian holy men, appear over a dozen stories involving Muslim characters. A critical examination of these tales focusing on issues of word choice, characterization, and narrative assumptions provides important data for the development of Christian depictions of Muslims, as well as for the early history of Christian/Muslim relations. Despite their value, modern scholarship has almost completely neglected Syriac monastic histories such as The Book Of Governors. A recognition of how useful these texts can be for medieval history forces us to rethink modern genre distinctions and argues against a sharp delineation between the often used categories of history and hagiography.
Cucurbit[7]uril Inclusion Complexes of Platinum(II)-based Anticancer Drugs: Further Insight
Authors: Goldoni Luca , Grugni Mario , De Munari Sergio , Cassin Mara , Bernardini Raffaella 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The 1H NMR characterization of the encapsulation of bisplatinum complex CT-3610 by cucurbit[7]uril is reported. The formation of the intermediate monoinclusion complex can be easily detected in the 1H NMR spectrum, and the pD dependence of the equilibrium has also been assessed. No significant differences were observed in cytotoxicity experiments between the free and encapsulated form of CT-3610 on A2780 and cisplatin resistant A2780 human ovarian cancer cell lines.
Performance of Nonhumidified Intermediate-temperature Fuel Cells Based on Protic Ionic Liquids Prepared from Oxo and Amide Acids
Authors: Yasuda Tomohiro , Nakamura Shin-ichiro , Lee Seung-Yul , Watanabe Masayoshi 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A distinct difference between the use of protic ionic liquids (PILs) prepared from oxo and amide acids as an electrolyte of nonhumidified intermediate-temperature fuel cells has been demonstrated in terms of the fuel cell performance by using composite membranes made of a sulfonated polyimide and the PILs.
Photochemical Formation of a Core-crosslinked Micelle using an Anthracene-containing Amphiphilic Copolymer
Authors: Morikawa Hiroshi , Kotaki Yasuharu , Mihara Ryota , Kiraku Yuki , Ichimura Shigetoshi , Motokucho Suguru 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
In order to develop photoresponsive polymeric micellar systems, an amphiphilic block copolymer consisting of anthracene moieties was successfully prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization. In an aqueous solution, the photodimerization of the anthracene moieties occurred in the micellar core upon irradiation (λ &gt; 360 nm), keeping the mean diameter constant. The photodimerization caused the interpolymer reaction to form a core-crosslinked micelle.
Enantioselective ITO Electrode Modified with Chiral Salen Co(II) Complex
Authors: Yang Yuanyuan , Hou Jingya , Li Bingxin , Xu Lan 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
An enantioselective potentiometric sensor was constructed by immobilizing chiral salen Co(II) complex on an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode modified with self-assembled monolayer of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES). The proposed sensor displayed an excellent Nernstian slope of −58.6 ± 0.6 mV decade−1 in a linear range of 1 × 10−5 to 1 × 10−2 mol L−1 toward d-mandelic acid (d-MA) and its enantioselectivity coefficient for the counter isomer (l-MA) was −2.71, indicating that the sensor possesses excellent chiral discrimination ability.
HIV-related malignancies pre- and post-highly active antiretroviral therapy: experiences in an inner city tertiary referral centre
Authors: Kiely B , O'Flaherty J , Surah S , Kieran J , O'Donnell D , Bergin C , Mulcahy F 
Published: May 2010

With highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), AIDS-defining malignancies are becoming less common. The outcomes with standard chemotherapy are improving. In the last 10 years there have been significant changes in our patient demographics due to immigration. The aim of this study was to review the demographics and outcomes of patients with cancer in the post-HAART era and to assess the impact of changing demographics and HAART through comparing them with previously published pre-HAART data from the same centre. A retrospective chart review of 42 patients diagnosed with malignancy from 2000 to 2007 was performed and compared with pre-HAART (1987–1994) data. The incidence of malignancies has decreased from 5.2% to 2.4%. The incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma and primary cerebral lymphoma has decreased. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma incidence has remained stable, but survival has improved with 44% of patients achieving remission. Non-AIDS-defining malignancies have increased and were associated with longer duration of HIV infection. The change in patient demographics did not have an impact on the type of malignancies diagnosed. Overall the incidence of malignancy has decreased; however, the increase in non-AIDS-defining malignancies highlights the importance of early diagnosis, use of HAART and prospective surveillance.
Roots, development and future directions of laboratory medicine
Authors: Price Christopher P. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Laboratory medicine has evolved from basic scientific observation and good experimental practice, with a strong emphasis on establishing the mechanisms of disease processes, linked with biomarker discovery, and development of analytical technologies. That evolution is set to move on apace with the mapping of the human genome. However, laboratory medicine is not solely based on robust basic science, but also on the translation of that knowledge into establishing the clinical utility of a marker, translation into evidence of the impact on health outcomes, as well as transformational change to integrate this new knowledge into the delivery of better care for patients. This translational research and the focus on transformational change are crucial in demonstrating value-for-money in the laboratory medicine service.
Clin Chem Lab Med 2010;48:903–9.
Clinical pathology services: remapping our strategic itinerary
Authors: Blanckaert Norbert 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Both technological advances and economic drivers have led to major changes in clinical laboratories across the world, with vastly improved testing productivity. However, the production process capability advances have far outpaced the clinical pathologists' success in assuring optimal test utilization and interpretation. While productivity of ‘commodity’ testing increases, our healthcare value productivity decreases. Such developments constitute a serious threat to our clinical pathology specialty, not only because pathologists may lose direct control of the commodity testing production activities, but also because the present evolution exposes a failure of our core clinical activities, the pathologist's knowledge processes that translate ‘commodity’ results into medical outcomes optimization. At a time when a revolution in health care organization is inescapable in the years ahead, clinical pathology must proceed from a merely reactive strategy (to fulfill the ‘more with less’ demands) to a proactive strategy where we build excellence and visibility in knowledge services on a strong foothold of operational excellence. Based on a Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats analysis, we argue that clinical pathology should safeguard and expand its healthcare value productivity by assuming leadership in building integrated laboratory services networks. We also suggest that the core knowledge processes deserve a system approach, for example, by applying a risk-based quality management system.
Clin Chem Lab Med 2010;48:919–25.
How Does Older Age Influence Oncologists' Cancer Management?
Authors: Foster Jill A. , Salinas Gregory D. , Mansell Dorcas , Williamson James C. , Casebeer Linda L. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Background.
Over half of new cancer cases occur in patients aged ≥65 years. Many older patients can benefit from intensive cancer therapies, yet evidence suggests that this population is undertreated.

Methods.
To assess preferences and influential factors in geriatric cancer management, practicing U.S. medical oncologists completed a survey containing four detailed vignettes exploring colon, breast, lung, and prostate cancer treatment. Participants were randomly assigned one of two surveys with vignettes that were identical except for patient age (&lt;65 years or &gt;70 years).

Results.
Physicians in each survey group (n = 200) were demographically similar. Intensive therapy was significantly less likely to be recommended for an older than for a younger, but otherwise identical, patient in two of the scenarios. For a woman with metastatic colon cancer (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group [ECOG] score, 1) for whom chemotherapy was recommended, nearly all oncologists chose an intensive regimen if the patient's age was 63; but if her age was 85, one fourth of the oncologists chose a less intensive treatment. Likewise, for stage IIA breast cancer (ECOG score, 0), 93% recommended intensive adjuvant treatment for a previously healthy patient aged 63; but only 66% said they would do so if the patient's age was 75. Oncologists commonly identified patient age as an influence on treatment choice, but were even more likely to cite performance status as a determining factor.

Conclusions.
Advanced age can deter oncologists from choosing intensive cancer therapy, even if patients are highly functional and lack comorbidities. Education on tailoring cancer treatment and a greater use of comprehensive geriatric assessment may reduce cancer undertreatment in the geriatric population.
Understanding How Out-of-Pocket Expenses, Treatment Value, and Patient Characteristics Influence Treatment Choices
Authors: Wong Yu-Ning , Hamilton Olivia , Egleston Brian , Salador Kevin , Murphy Camara , Meropol Neal J. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Purpose.
Cost sharing, intended to control the “overuse” of health care resources, may also reduce use of necessary services. The influence of cost on the treatment choices of patients with life-threatening illness, such as cancer, is unknown.

Methods.
A convenience sample of patients undergoing surveillance following curative treatment for localized cancer completed a paper survey that included three scenarios to elicit the maximum copayment they would be willing to pay for better treatment outcomes. Scenario A described a treatment for a curable cancer in terms of recurrence risk. Scenarios B and C described treatments for noncurable cancer in terms of the 2-year survival probability and median life expectancy.

Results.
The sample (n = 60) was 78% female, 83% aged &lt;65 years, and 58% college graduates. Thirteen percent reported making financial sacrifices to pay for treatment. Patients were willing to pay higher copayments for more effective treatments (p &lt; .05 for all three scenarios). In scenario B, patients who were employed demonstrated a greater willingness to pay (WTP) (odds ratio [OR], 12.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.0–80.4), when controlling for efficacy. In scenario C, college graduates showed greater WTP (OR, 5.0; 95% CI, 1.2–20.9) and patients who reported previous financial sacrifices showed lower WTP (OR, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.04–0.6).

Conclusion.
This pilot study suggests that patients may be less willing to pay high copayments for treatments with modest benefit. Even among this relatively young, affluent, and educated population, demographic variables were related to WTP. Larger studies in more diverse populations should be conducted to better understand how cost may influence treatment decisions and cancer treatment outcomes.
Celecoxib increases retinoid sensitivity in human colon cancer cell lines
Authors: Liu Jian-Pei , Wei Hong-Bo , Zheng Zong-Heng , Guo Wei-Ping , Fang Jia-Feng 
Published: May 2010

AbstractRetinoid resistance has limited the clinical application of retinoids as differentiation-inducing and apoptosis-inducing drugs. This study was designed to investigate whether celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, has effects on retinoid sensitivity in human colon cancer cell lines, and to determine the possible mechanism of said effects. Cell viability was measured using the MTT assay. Apoptosis was detected via Annexin-V/PI staining and the flow cytometry assay. PGE2 production was measured with the ELISA assay. The expression of RARβ was assayed via western blotting. The results showed that celecoxib enhanced the inhibitory effect of ATRA in both COX-2 high-expressing HT-29 and COX-2 low-expressing SW480 cell lines. Further study showed the ATRA and celecoxib combination induced greater apoptosis, but that the addition of PGE2 did not affect the enhanced growth-inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing effects of the combination. Moreover, NS398 (another selective COX-2 inhibitor) did not affect the inhibitory effects of ATRA in the two cell lines. Western blotting showed that the expression of RARβ in HT-29 cell lines was increased by celecoxib, but not by NS398, and that the addition of PGE2 did not affect the celecoxib-induced expression of the retinoic acid receptor beta. In conclusion, celecoxib increased the expression of RARβ and the level of cellular ATRA sensitivity through COX-2-independent mechanisms. This finding may provide a potential strategy for combination therapy.
Ag and Cu loaded on TiO2/graphite as a catalyst for Escherichia coli-contaminated water disinfection
Authors: Rahmawati Fitria , Kusumaningsih Triana , Hapsari Anita , Hastuti Aris 
Published: May 2010

AbstractTiO2 film was synthesized by means of the chemical bath deposition (CBD) method from TiCl4 as a precursor and surfactant cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as a linking and assembling agent of the titanium hydroxide network on a graphite substrate. Ag and Cu were loaded on the TiO2 film by means of electrodeposition at various applied currents. Photoelectrochemical testing on the composite of Ag-TiO2/G and Cu-TiO2/G was used to define the composite for Escherichia coli-contaminated water disinfection. Disinfection efficiency and the rate of disinfection of E. coli-contaminated water with Ag-TiO2/G as a catalyst was higher than that observed for Cu-TiO2/G in all disinfection methods including photocatalysis (PC), electrocatalysis (EC), and photoelectrocatalysis (PEC). The highest rate constant was achieved by the PEC method using Ag-TiO2/G, k was 6.49 × 10−2 CFU mL−1 min−1. Effective disinfection times of 24 h (EDT24) and 48 h (EDT48) were achieved in all methods except the EC method using Cu-TiO2/G.
Single crystal X-ray structure and optical properties of anthraquinone-based dyes
Authors: Kurtoglu Nurcan , Aslantaş Mehmet , Zengin Huseyin , Şahin Ertan , Kurtoglu Mukerrem 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis study focuses on the preparation, single crystal X-ray diffraction, characterization, and optical properties of some anthraquinone-based dyes. The anthraquinone-based antimicrobial dye N-{2-[(9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracen-1-yl)amino]-2-oxoethyl}-N,N-dimethylbutan-1-aminium chloride monohydrate (III) was obtained from 1-aminoanthraquinone (I) via 2-chloro-N-(9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracen-1-yl)acetamide (II) using known preparation and characterization methods. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of III revealed a monoclinic system, space group P21/n, Z = 4. Photoluminescence properties of anthraquinone dyes I–III were also investigated. These dyes gave an intense emission (λmax = 341 nm) upon the irradiation by UV light and showed photoluminescence quantum yields of 73 %, 66 %, and 61 % with long excited-state lifetimes of 6.87 ns, 6.14 ns, and 5.69 ns, respectively. These anthraquinone dyes are of interest as an organic light emitting material for electroluminescent devices.
Low-density polyethylene in mixtures of hexane and benzene derivates
Authors: Randová Alena , Bartovská Lidmila , Hovorka Štěpán , Izák Pavel , Poloncarzová Magda , Bartovský Tomáš 
Published: May 2010

AbstractPreferential sorption, equilibrium swelling degree, and volume of the swollen membrane in systems low-density polyethylene + hexane + aromatic compound (benzene, methylbenzene, or ethylbenzene) were studied using gravimetric and dilatometric methods at the temperature of 25 °C. Aromatic compounds are preferentially sorbed in low-density polyethylene compared to hexane. Experimental volume changes of the membrane were found to be noticeably different from those calculated on the basis of mass sorption data under the assumption of additivity. This difference points to the existence of the interactions between the polymer and the surrounding liquid mixture. The volume swelling degree curves are close to each other in the whole concentration range of the binary liquid mixture (hexane + aromatics) suggesting that the attractive forces between the polymer chains are the deciding factor limiting the volume expansion of the membrane in all three systems to the same extent.
Preparation, spectral, thermal, and biological properties of zinc(II) 4-chloro- and 5-chlorosalicylate complexes with methyl 3-pyridylcarbamate and phenazone
Authors: Bujdošová Zuzana , Györyová Katarína , Hudecová Daniela , Kovářová Jana , Halás Ladislav 
Published: May 2010

AbstractNew zinc(II) 4-chloro- and 5-chlorosalicylate complex compounds of the general formula ((4- or 5-Cl)C6H3(2-OH)COO)2Zn · Ln (where L = methyl 3-pyridylcarbamate, phenazone; n = 2, 4) were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, thermal analysis (TG/DTG, DTA), and IR spectroscopy. During thermal decomposition, mpc, phen, chlorosalicylic acid, chlorophenol, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide were released. Volatile products of the thermal decomposition were confirmed by mass spectrometry. The final solid product of the thermal decomposition up to 700°C was zinc oxide or metallic zinc. Antimicrobial activity of the compounds prepared was tested against various strains of bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi. The highest antimicrobial effect was determined against the G+ bacteria S. aureus.
Femur Rotation and Patellofemoral Joint Kinematics: A Weight-Bearing Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis
Authors: Souza Richard B. , Draper Christie E. , Fredericson Michael , Powers Christopher M. 
Published: May 2010

Study Design Controlled laboratory study using a cross-sectional design. Objectives To compare patellofemoral joint kinematics, femoral rotation, and patella rotation between females with patellofemoral pain (PFP) and pain-free controls using weight-bearing kinematic magnetic resonance imaging. Background Recently, it has been recognized that patellofemoral malalignment may be the result of femoral motion as opposed to patella motion. Methods Fifteen females with PFP and 15 pain-free females between the ages of 18 and 45 years participated in this study. Kinematic imaging of the patellofemoral joint was performed using a vertically open magnetic resonance imaging system. Axial-oblique images were obtained using a fast gradient-echo pulse sequence. Images were acquired at a rate of 1 image per second while subjects performed a single-limb squat. Measures of femur and patella rotation (relative to the image field of view), lateral patella tilt, and lateral patella displacement were made from images obtained at 45°, 30°, 15°, and 0° of knee flexion. Group differences were assessed using a mixed-model analysis of variance with repeated measures. Results When compared to the control group, females with PFP demonstrated significantly greater lateral patella displacement at all angles evaluated and significantly greater lateral patella tilt at 30°, 15°, and 0° of knee flexion. Similarly, greater medial femoral rotation was observed in the PFP group at 45°, 15°, and 0° of knee flexion when compared to the control group. No group differences in patella rotation were found. Conclusion Altered patellofemoral joint kinematics in females with PFP appears to be related to excessive medial femoral rotation, as opposed to lateral patella rotation. Our results suggest that the control of femur rotation may be important in restoring normal patellofemoral joint kinematics. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2010;40(5):277–285. doi:10.2519/jospt.2010.3215