bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Story of Maricela and Miguel: A Narrative Analysis of Dimensions of Adaptation
Authors: Larson Elizabeth A. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Objectives. A mother–child life history was analyzed to examine the multiple dimensions of adaptation in a family grouping, including temporality, maternal values, and life contexts.
Method. In-depth interviews, participant observation, and documents (e.g., therapy notes, medical records) produced the data for this study. A multiple step narrative analysis included narrative shaping, analysis of major life turnings, and macrostructural analysis of the progress toward life goals.
Results. This mother–child life history portrays the challenging life events of a Mexican-origin mother, Maricela, seeking care and assistance to further the development of her son with disabilities, Miguel. Major turnings in her life had both costs and benefits for her in the present and future. Analysis of her multiple roles of mother, professional, daughter, lover–wife, and spiritual devotee revealed that Maricela’s life choices, driven by maternal values, diminished the achievement of her personal goals, except those related to her maternal and spiritual roles. Maricela chose actions to realign current and future happenings with her desired life trajectory for her son, which instead of enhancing life conditions for the family often involved short-term and long-term costs.
Conclusion. This mother–child life history demonstrates that a series of moral, relational, and circumstantial factors influence a mother’s projected life courses for herself and her child. Adaptation appears to be a dynamic process of realigning life paths to desired life courses, with success evaluated not in a microcosm of time, but from a larger view as these actions contribute to the achievement of desired life goals within a constellation of the person’s life goals.
Current Trends in Assistive Technology Education in Entry-Level Occupational Therapy Curricula
Authors: Kanny Elizabeth M. , Anson Denis K. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Objective. This replication study investigated what changes, if any, occurred in the education of entry-level occupational therapy students relative to assistive technology between 1989 and 1994–1995.
Method. A questionnaire was mailed to all entry-level occupational therapy programs in the United States (N = 79). The response rate was 88.6% (n = 70). Results were compared with those of a similar survey that examined the same issues in 1989.
Results. Assistive technology education had increased from 1989 to 1994–1995 in 11 identified areas. The highest increases were found in environmental access and robotics, sensory aids, augmentative communication, and prosthetics and orthotics. Only 10% of the respondent programs had less than 20 hours of assistive technology education compared with 50% in the earlier study. Thirty (43%) programs included one or more technology courses in the curriculum compared with 17 (29%) in 1989, and 62 (89%) programs included assistive technology content in lectures or units throughout the curriculum compared with 32 (54%) in 1989.
Conclusion. Occupational therapy educators are placing more emphasis on assistive technology education than they did in 1989 and are learning the skills to teach this content. If this trend continues, we will see assistive technology content taught in all occupational therapy programs in the next millennium.
Evolving Competence in the Practitioner Role
Authors: Youngstrom Mary Jane 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
This article discusses competence from the viewpoint of the practitioner role. Concepts from two documents published by the American Occupational Therapy Association—Occupational Therapy Roles and Developing, Maintaining, and Updating Competency in Occupational Therapy: A Guide to Self-Appraisal—are integrated within the discussion. Discussed in this article are factors that affect competence, the interrelationship of competence and practice, and personal responsibility for competence; ways in which competence may be challenged during the practitioner’s career; common misconceptions about competence; and attitudes and actions in which the competent practitioner engages.Competence is described as a complex and evolving set of abilities that develops throughout the practitioner’s career.
Developing a Research Career: Advice From Occupational Therapy Researchers
Authors: Case-Smith Jane 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Objective. Occupational therapy faculty members often need guidance in developing a research program that will result in publication and sponsorship. This qualitative study investigated how university faculty members had successfully established research programs.
Method. Nine well-known occupational therapy researchers were interviewed by telephone regarding how they had established a research career. These interviews were transcribed and analyzed.
Results. The advice of the occupational therapy researchers included the following: complete a doctoral education, find mentors, and link with colleagues who have similar research interests. They also recommended that new researchers learn to take risks and accept criticism, prioritize, manage work time, and learn about the systems that support research.
Conclusion. Occupational therapy researchers’ experiences can be used to provide helpful advice and guidance for faculty members who are beginning research programs.
Student Perspectives on Problem-Based Learning in an Occupational Therapy Curriculum: A Multiyear Qualitative Evaluation
Authors: Hammel Joy , Royeen Charlotte Brasic , Bagatell Nancy , Chandler Barbara , Jensen Gail , Loveland Jeff , Stone Gretchen 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Objectives. Problem-based learning (PBL) is increasingly being used within health care professional educational programs to develop critical thinking skills via a learner-centered approach. However, few studies have evaluated the effect of participation in a PBL-centered curriculum on occupational therapy knowledge and skill development over time from the perspective of the students involved. This study examined student evaluations of the first three class cohorts participating in a PBL-based curriculum.
Method. A participatory action design study involving qualitative, student-led focus groups was conducted with 154 students across 2 years of the education program. Fourteen focus groups were audiotaped, and those audiotapes were transcribed by an outside expert, followed by two levels of analysis by program faculty members and a member check by student participants.
Results. Themes that emerged from the data analysis related to (a) defining elements of PBL, (b) the role of students and faculty members, (c) learning strategies used by students in a PBL versus traditional education program, (d) the challenges of a PBL approach, and (e) PBL’s relationship to clinical reasoning and occupational therapy practice.
Conclusions. Students perceived that a PBL approach adopted consistently across the curriculum contributed to the development of information management, critical reasoning, communication, and team-building skills; however, identified challenges were time and role management, information access, instructor versus PBL expectations and practices, and coping with the ambiguity of knowledge and reasoning.
A Decision-Making Model for the Provision of Adaptive Technology
Authors: Loebl Dina 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
This article presents a model that is designed to assist in the decision-making process of applying technologically based solutions to problems that arise from functional deficits. The model links task analysis with functional assessment of the client. The task analysis identifies the performance component of the required task, and the functional assessment identifies the disabilities that hinder the client in performing the task. The gaps between the performance components of the tasks and the client’s skills are indicators for technological intervention.
Reliability and Validity of the Self-Assessment of Occupational Functioning
Authors: Henry Alexis D. , Baron Kathi Brenneman , Mouradian Laurie , Curtin Clare 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Objective. Two studies examined the reliability and validity of the Self-Assessment of Occupational Functioning (SAOF), a 23-item self-assessment of perceptions of strengths and weaknesses relative to occupational functioning, grounded in the Model of Human Occupation.
Method. The first study examined the test–retest reliability of the SAOF, and involved 37 college students without disabilities who completed the SAOF twice. The second study, which involved 39 young persons hospitalized with psychiatric disorders, examined internal consistency reliability of the SAOF, and examined correlations between SAOF scores and composite scores on the Self-Perception Profile, a widely used measure of perceived competence. In addition, data from both studies were combined to examine the ability of the SAOF to discriminate between the college students without disabilities and the young persons with psychiatric disorders.
Results. Kappa and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to examine test–retest reliability and Cronbach’s alpha was used to examine internal consistency. Acceptable levels of test–retest (ICCs) and internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) reliability were found for the subscale and total scores of the SAOF. However, test–retest reliability (kappa) was lower than desirable for many of the individual SAOF items. The young persons with psychiatric disorders had lower item, subscale, and total scores on the SAOF than did the college students without disabilities. In addition, a discriminant analysis predicting group membership (college students without disability vs. young persons with psychiatric disorder) correctly classified 76.6% of the participants based on the four subscale scores of the SAOF.
Conclusion. The SAOF has the potential to be a reliable and valid clinical assessment; however, additional research is needed.
A Public Database of Archaeological Resources on Easter Island (Rapa Nui) Using Google Earth
Authors: Hochstetter Francisco Torres , Haoa Sergio Rapu , Lipo Carl P. , Hunt Terry L. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe archaeological record of Easter Island (Rapa Nui) has long captivated the public and archaeologists alike. The monumental statues (moai) are the most famous of the archaeological features of the island. Other aspects of the record, however, include platforms (ahu), statue (moai), transport roads, and a wide range of architectural features. Although large portions of the island have been surveyed as part of government-funded projects to document the archaeological record, there is yet no single publicly available and published source providing data on the composition and distribution of moai, ahu, or the many other architectural/artifact classes of the island. Here, we describe a project to build a publicly accessible archaeological database. Using the freely available Google Earthtm mapping service, which provides high-resolution color images of the earth’s surface, photographs, and data generated from recent surveys, we show how researchers can contribute to this database making the archaeological record freely available to everyone with an interest in the archaeology of Easter Island.
Registro Arqueofaunistico en los Andes Meridionales Entre 11,000 Y 5000 Años A.P.: Evidencias en Agua de la Cueva-Sector Sur (Mendoza, Argentina)
Authors: Gil Adolfo F. , Neme Gustavo A. , Otaola Clara , García Alejandro 
Published: April 2012

ResumenSe presentan los resultados del análisis arqueofaunístico del sitio arqueológico Agua de la Cueva (sector sur), en el lapso temporal comprendido entre ca. 11,000 y 5000 a.P. Los materiales analizados indican una escasa diversidad de taxa, con un fuerte predominio deLama guanicoeen todos los componentes. Las diferencias principales entre las ocupaciones pertenecientes al Pleistoceno Final-Holoceno Temprano en relación a las del Holoceno Medio se vinculan principalmente a la disminución significativa en la tasa de especímenes óseos a lo largo del tiempo y la ausencia deVicugna vicugnaa partir de ca. 9000 años a.P. En relación a esto último, los análisis osteométricos y morfológicos descartan la posibilidad de que los especímenes pertenecientes a esta especie correspondan a la denominada subespecie extintaLama (Vicugna)gracilis. Por el contrario, los mismos parecen corresponder a la actualVicugna vicugna, cuya dispersión tiene su límite sur unos 600 km al norte del sitio estudiado. Por último, los datos aquí presentados permiten discutir aspectos de la subsistencia humana en el centro-oeste del continente sudamericano durante las primeras etapas de ocupación de la región y cómo los hombres reaccionaron a los principales cambios ambientales ocurridos durante la primera mitad del Holoceno.
Two‐Dimensional Nanoarchitectures for Lithium Storage
Authors: Liu Jiehua , Liu Xue‐Wei 
Published: April 2012

AbstractTwo dimensional nanoarchitectures are of great interest in lithium storage for energy‐storage devices, in particular lithium‐ion batteries, due to its shortened paths for fast lithium ion diffusion and large exposed surface offering more lithium‐insertion channels. Their competitive lithium‐storage features provide huge potentials to develop next‐generation high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries. This review is devoted to the recent progress in the fabrication of innovative 2D structures with various synthetic strategies and their applications for lithium storage in lithium‐ion batteries. These 2D architectures are categorized into six styles, i.e., nanoporous nanosheets, ultrathin nanosheets, flower‐like structures assembled by nanosheets, sandwich‐like nanosheets, corrugated nanosheets, and nanosheets with specific facets. Based on the lithium‐storage manner, we further summerized their electrochemical performance for lithium storage with four classified themes including surface Li storage, zero or low‐strain Li storage, volume‐variation Li storage and synergic‐effect Li storage. Finally, the outlook and perspective on 2D lithium‐storage materials is concisely provided.
Synthesis of carbon nanotubes by defluorination of PTFE with silicon
Authors: Carotenuto G. , de Nicola S. , Camerlingo C. , Peluso A. , Nicolais L. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractNowadays, there is a strong interest in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) since these nanostructured materials have large potential applications in different technological fields. In this work, a very simple approach for synthesizing CNTs in mild conditions has been developed and investigated. In particular, the nanotubes have been obtained by thermal defluorination of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) by Si, which also acts as an inorganic catalyst for the CNT growth. Fine powders of PTFE and Si were homogeneously mixed together and then compacted by cold pressing. The obtained composite pills were placed into a quartz tube furnace at 650°C, and a vacuum was applied to remove the gaseous by‐product (SiF4). The obtained pyrolysis product consisted of CNTs, wrapping the surface of silicon grains. CNTs have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and large angle x‐ray powder diffraction. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 31: 246–251, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21267
Voltage‐Induced Formation of Accumulation Layers at Electrode Interfaces in Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Stelzl Felix F. , Schulz‐Gericke Jan , Crossland Ed , Ludwigs Sabine , Würfel Uli 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThis work reports on organic bulk heterojunction solar cells based on poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) blended with [6,6]‐phenyl‐C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) in a configuration with so‐called interdigital nanoelectrodes, i.e., vertical electrodes on substrates structured in the submicrometer range. In this setup, both electrodes are in place prior to the deposition of the photoactive blend solution and therefore allow for the application of a voltage during drying of the blend. A strong correlation is observed between the photovoltaic performance of these devices and the voltage that is applied during film formation. Even the polarity of the solar cells can be controlled with this method. It is suggested that this is a consequence of a strong segregation of donor and acceptor phases at the electrode interfaces induced by the applied voltage. Further experiments on planar solar cell geometries, including a solvent‐vapor treatment and the introduction of an additional layer of pure P3HT, as well as numerical simulations, are presented. All results obtained are consistent with the suggested hypothesis.
Click‐Functionalized Ru(II) Complexes for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Stengel Ilona , Pootrakulchote Nuttapol , Dykeman Ryan R. , Mishra Amaresh , Zakeeruddin Shaik M. , Dyson Paul J. , Grätzel Michael , Bäuerle Peter 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThree heteroleptic ruthenium complexes incorporating new ancillary ligands synthesized by sequential connection of different alkyl functionalities with triazole as a linker are prepared using click chemistry. These sensitizers exhibit low‐energy metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer bands centered at 540 nm with molar extinction coefficients of up to 1.54 × 104 L mol−1 cm−1. The devices using these sensitizers in conjunction with a volatile electrolyte show high photovoltaic conversion efficiencies of 8.7 to 9.9% under standard AM 1.5G sunlight (100 mW cm−2) conditions. Using an ionic liquid electrolyte, the cells show not only a good power‐conversion efficiency of up to 7.1%, but also promising long‐term stability under full sunlight intensity at 60 °C. The difference in the photovoltaic parameters during the ageing process is investigated by employing transient photoelectrical measurements.
Presence of Check‐Off Programs and Industry Concentration in the Food Manufacturing Sector
Authors: Schulz Lee L. , Crespi John M. 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTThe authors examine industry concentration for the U.S. food manufacturing sector. This study is the first to examine whether particular subsectors within the food manufacturing industry, which operate in the presence of industry‐funded check‐off programs such as marketing orders, are more or less concentrated than industries without such research and marketing programs. The authors find evidence to the hypothesis that industries with demand‐enhancing check‐off programs have lower concentration relative to industries without these programs.[JEL Classifications: L11, L5, D29, D49]
On the quantum statistics of bound states within the Rutherford model of matter
Authors: Ebeling W. , Kraeft W.‐D. , Röpke G. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe quantum statistical treatment of the Rutherford model, considering matter as a system of point charges (electrons and nuclei), is analyzed. First, in the historical context, the solutions of different fundamental problems, such as the divergence of the partition function, elaborated by Herzfeld, Planck, Brillouin and Rompe, are discussed. Beyond this, the modern state of art is presented and new results are given which explain why bound states according to a discrete part of the spectra occur only in a valley in the temperature‐density plane. Based on the actual state of the quantum statistics of Coulomb systems, virial expansions within the canonical ensemble and the grand ensemble and combinations are derived. The following transitions along isotherms are studied: (i) the formation of bound states occurring by increasing the density from low to moderate values, (ii) the disappearance of bound state effects at higher densities due to medium effects. Within the physical picture isotherms of pressure for Hydrogen are calculated in a broad density region, and it is shown that in the region between 20 000 K and 100 000 K and particle densities below 1022 cm‐3 the cross‐over from full to partial ionization may be well described by the contributions of extended ring diagrams and ladder diagrams.
Synthesis and characterization of comb polycarboxylic acid dispersants for coatings
Authors: Najafi F. , Ranjbar Z. , Shirkavand Hadavand B. , Montazeri Sh. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractComb polycarboxylic acid dispersants (CPCADs) graft acrylic copolymers which consist of hanging methoxy polyethylene glycol chains and carboxylic acid groups on main acrylic chain. The CPCADs have been synthesized by radical polymerization of methacrylic acid and methoxy polyethylene glycol methacrylate as a nonionic unsaturated hydrophilic macromonomer. The CPCADs are polymeric surfactants that can be used as anionic dispersant. Methoxy polyethylene glycol methacrylate has been synthesized by esterification of methacrylic acid and methoxy polyethylene glycol in the presence of methanesulfonic acid as catalyst. These have been characterized with 1H‐NMR and GPC. Acid values of CPCA dispersants have been determined. The dispersion of CPCA dispersants depends on their molecular weights, length mPEG, and acid values. Dispersion of titanium dioxide in typical solvent‐based paint formulation has been investigated. The physicochemical and mechanical properties of surface coatings having CPCADs such as gloss, hardness, and contrast ratio have been investigated. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Effects of ultraviolet absorbers on the ultraviolet degradation of rice‐hull/high‐density polyethylene composites
Authors: Du Hua , Wang Weihong , Wang Qingwen , Sui Shujuan , Song Yongming 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIn China, rice‐hull powder is widely used as a fiber component to reinforce polymers because of its ready availability and lower cost compared to wood fibers. However, an issue concerning these composites is their weathering durability. In this study, the effects of two ultraviolet absorbers (UVAs), UV‐326 and UV‐531, on the durability of rice‐hull/high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) composites were evaluated after the samples were exposed to UV‐accelerated weathering tests for up to 2000 h. All of the samples showed significant fading and color changes in exposed areas. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to detect surface chemical changes. The results indicate that surface oxidation commenced immediately within the first 500 h of exposure for all of the samples. However, the control rice‐hull/HDPE composites underwent a greater degree of oxidation than those with the UVAs. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the rice‐hull/HDPE composites degraded significantly upon accelerated UV aging, with dense cracking on the exposed surface. The UVAs provided effective protection for the rice‐hull/HDPE composites, and UV‐326 had a more positive effect on the color stability than UV‐531. The results reported herein serve to enhance our understanding of the efficiency of UV stabilizers in the protection of rice‐hull/HDPE composites against UV radiation, with a view toward improving their formulation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012