bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indirect effects of oral tolerance improve wound healing in skin
Authors: Costa Raquel A. , Ruiz‐de‐Souza Valéria , Azevedo Jr. Geraldo M. , Gava Elisandra , Kitten Gregory T. , Vaz Nelson M. , Carvalho Cláudia R. 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTTissue injury in adult mammalian skin frequently results in scarring while fetal mammalian skin heals with complete regeneration. Inflammatory reactions are among the factors thought to impair regeneration. Previous studies have shown that the injection of an immunologically tolerated protein blocks immune responses to unrelated antigens and is also able to inhibit inflammation in mice. This phenomenon, which we refer to as the indirect effects of oral tolerance, does not require the simultaneous injection of the tolerated antigen and the second antigen, and also occurs when the two antigens are given by separate routes of immunization. Herein, we investigated whether the i.p. injection of an orally tolerated antigen (ovalbumin, OVA) would inhibit inflammatory reactions at an incisional lesion and influence healing of adult mouse skin. In OVA‐tolerant mice, the injection of OVA minutes before wounding altered inflammation: it reduced the numbers of mast cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes but increased the number of macrophages around the lesion area. Tolerant mice also showed fewer myofibroblasts and reduced scar area. Furthermore, tolerant mice displayed a pattern of extracellular matrix deposition similar to that observed in intact skin, plus characteristics of regeneration, such as an increased deposition of fibronectin and tenascin‐C. These observations suggest that the indirect effects of oral tolerance can alter the process of wound healing in skin and reduce scar formation.
Zucker diabetic fatty rat: A new model of impaired cutaneous wound repair with type II diabetes mellitus and obesity
Authors: Slavkovsky Rastislav , Kohlerova Renata , Tkacova Vlasta , Jiroutova Alena , Tahmazoglu Burak , Velebny Vladimir , Rezačová Martina , Sobotka Lubos , Kanta Jiri 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTImpaired diabetic wound healing is an important current medical issue, mainly concerning patients recovering from complicated operations or patients with ulcers on their feet. The obese Zucker diabetic fatty rat, with a mutation in leptin receptors, may be a good choice for studying impaired wound healing. Male and female rats were fed a diabetogenic high‐fat diet. Wound size changes of air‐exposed excisional 2 cm circular wounds were measured until Day 10. Wound tissue was analyzed morphologically, histologically, and immunohistochemically. The hydroxyproline content in the granulation tissue (GT) was determined. mRNA expression was assayed by DNA‐array analysis and real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction. Wound‐size changes were retarded in diabetic rats and differed between the sexes. Diabetic wounds were characterized by impaired contraction, abundant crust production, increased inflammation, and pus formation. On Day 10, the GT contained a significantly increased amount of intercalated fat tissue and showed an irregular arrangement of GT and collagen fibers. Interestingly, the length of new epithelium was increased in diabetic wounds. The concentration of hydroxyproline in the GT of diabetic animals was significantly decreased to about one half when compared with the nondiabetic controls. The expression of interleukin‐6, myeloperoxidase, stromelysin‐1, and collagenase‐3 was increased in the GT of diabetic rats on Day 10, while the expression of type I collagen and elastin was decreased. Taken together, Zucker diabetic fatty rats exhibited impairments in wound‐size reduction, inflammatory response, tissue organization, and connective tissue turnover and are thus proposed as a new model for studying impaired repair.
Lifestyle Physical Activity Behavior of Korean American Dry Cleaner Couples
Authors: Ju Sukyung , Wilbur JoEllen , Lee Eunice , Miller Arlene 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACT Objective: The purposes of this study were to: (1) describe and compare lifestyle physical activity (leisure‐time physical activity [LTPA], household physical activity [HPA], and occupational physical activity [OPA]), using both self‐report and an objective measure of step counts, in self‐employed Korean American married couples working together at dry cleaners, and (2) examine the relationship between self‐report and objective measures of physical activity.
Design and Sample: 70 couples participated in this cross‐sectional, descriptive, face‐to‐face interview survey.
Measures: 2 self‐reports (28‐item Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors Physical Activity Questionnaire and Tecumseh Occupational Physical Activity Questionnaire) and 1 objective measure (New Lifestyles‐800 pedometer) were used.
Results: The husbands spent significantly more time than their wives in moderate‐ to vigorous‐intensity LTPA (207 vs. 122 min/week) and OPA (2,585 vs. 1,065 min/week). Most couples (91%) met recommended levels of physical activity based on their OPA. Pedometer steps correlated significantly only with LTPA.
Conclusions: Study findings suggest that to increase physical activity in Korean American couples who work in a small business, moderate‐intensity lifestyle physical activity interventions across LTPA, HPA, and OPA will be more successful than traditional leisure‐time interventions. In addition, results suggest that there is a need for interventions that target both members of the married couple.
Feeding territory and variations in behavioural modes of algae‐grazing fishPlecoglossus altivelis ryukyuensis(Ryukyu‐ayu) in subtropical island streams
Authors: Awata Satoshi , Tsuruta Tetsuya , Abe Shin‐ichiro , Tamaki Yasuji , Iguchi Kei’ichiro 
Published: June 2011

Abstract – Social and foraging modes in fish often vary between individuals with different body sizes and between populations under different ecological conditions. We studied social and foraging behaviour of algae‐grazing fishPlecoglossus altivelis ryukyuensis(Ryukyu‐ayu) inhabiting Japanese subtropical island streams. Ryukyu‐ayu exhibited four behavioural modes: territorial, schooling, solitary and floating. Their body sizes differed among these modes. Territorial fish predominantly foraged on benthic algae, whereas schooling and solitary individuals frequently consumed drifting materials as well. Schooling fish were smaller than territorial fish, but, unlike some other algae‐grazing fish species, did not use schooling to gain access to food within territories. Territorial fish attacked smaller conspecifics but exhibited lateral display towards larger fish and schooling fish while occasionally attacking grazing gobies. Larger fish maintained larger feeding territories and occupied territories for longer periods than smaller fish did. This suggests that, in Ryukyu‐ayu, intra‐ and interspecific food competitions and relative body size can influence diverse behavioural modes and duration of territory occupation. We also found that Ryukyu‐ayu foraged more often and had larger feeding territories than ayuP. a. altivelisinhabiting temperate streams. We conclude that foraging strategies of Ryukyu‐ayu may have adapted to subtropical island streams, where algal productivity is much lower than that in temperate regions.
Ultrasound stimulation attenuates root resorption of rat replanted molars and impairs tumor necrosis factor‐α signaling in vitro
Authors: Rego E. B. , Inubushi T. , Miyauchi M. , Kawazoe A. , Tanaka E. , Takata T. , Tanne K. 
Published: June 2011

Rego EB, Inubushi T, Miyauchi M, Kawazoe A, Tanaka E, Takata T, Tanne K. Ultrasound stimulation attenuates root resorption of rat replanted molars and impairs tumor necrosis factor‐α signaling in vitro. J Periodont Res 2011; 46: 648–654. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Background and Objective:  A therapeutic protocol to minimize root resorption induced by tooth replantation has not yet been universally established. In this context, noninvasive modality such as ultrasound therapy have been a focus of increased interest. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of ultrasound therapy on root resorption of replanted rat molars. In addition, the study aimed to promote insights into the mechanism through which ultrasound mediates the metabolism of periodontal cells in vitro.Material and Methods:  An experimental model of tooth replantation in rats, involving luxation and immediate replacement of the maxillary first molars, was used to assess the inhibitory effect of an ultrasound‐therapy regimen (15 min of exposure to ultrasound, each day for 21 d) on root resorption. Moreover, the effect of ultrasound on osteoclastogenesis/cementoclastogenesis was examined in vitro using a mouse osteoblastic stromal cell line (ST2) and a mouse cementoblastic cell line (OCCM‐30).Results:  The area of root resorption lacunae was statistically decreased (p < 0.01) in the ultrasound‐treated sample. In addition, immunohistochemical staining, using murine TNF‐α polyclonal antibody, failed to detect tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) protein in the ultrasound‐treated sample compared with the control. An in vitro study showed that the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced expression of Tnfalpha mRNA was significantly reduced by ultrasound therapy in both osteoblastic and cementoblastic cells. Moreover, the TNF‐α‐induced up‐regulation of Rankl mRNA was also inhibited by ultrasound.Conclusion:  Ultrasound may contribute to the reduction of the trauma‐induced inflammatory reaction through impairment of the TNF‐α signaling pathway. It is therefore suggested that ultrasound shows potential as a therapeutic tool to optimize the regenerative potential of periodontal tissues on replanted teeth.
Abnormal gait and bradykinesia in the preclinical phase of Huntington's disease – psychogenic movement disorder?
Authors: Soltan Witold , Sitek Emilia , Wichowicz Hubert , Wieczorek Dariusz , Slawek Jaroslaw 
Published: June 2011

Soltan W, Sitek E, Wichowicz H, Wieczorek D, Slawek J. Abnormal gait and bradykinesia in the preclinical phase of Huntington's disease – psychogenic movement disorder?Objective: Psychiatric symptoms may occur in individuals at risk of Huntington's disease (HD) regardless of their genetic status. Psychopathological symptomatology is attributed to both genetic and environmental factors. In case of asymptomatic gene carriers, psychiatric symptoms may precede involuntary movements.Methods: We report the first case with abnormal gait and bradykinesia in preclinical adult HD. A 33-year-old woman blind to her mother's HD diagnosis and her own genetic status developed motor slowing and gait disturbance. The symptoms withdrew due to counselling and antidepressant medications. Subsequently, she was informed her own and her mother's genetic testing results, but 2-year follow-up did not reveal the onset of choreic movements, cognitive deterioration or depressive symptoms in the patient. Personality assessment (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory) and neurological examination results are presented, accompanied by 2-year follow-up data. Follow-up examination included Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale (motor, behaviour and function), Beck Depression Inventory, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and neuropsychological assessment (trail-making test, Stroop test, verbal fluency trials, symbol digit modalities test, digit span, serial seven subtraction, Hopkins verbal learning test and nine-hole peg test).Conclusion: Motor abnormalities in individuals at risk of HD may be of psychogenic origin. It is a matter of debate if this psychogenic reaction presented as hypokinetic syndrome may be a result of choreic movements of her mother (hyperkinetic syndrome) and depression or if this psychogenic reaction represents the preclinical psychiatric abnormalities in an asymptomatic gene carrier preceding the onset of the disease.
A Mixed‐Methods Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Tailored Smoking Cessation Training for Healthcare Practitioners Who Work with Older People
Authors: Kerr Susan , Whyte Rosemary , Watson Hazel , Tolson Debbie , McFadyen Angus K. 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTBackground: Older people who smoke derive significant health benefits from stopping smoking in later life. Healthcare practitioners have an important role to play in raising the issue of smoking cessation with this client group; however, they often fail to do so.Aim: To assess the effectiveness of smoking cessation training for healthcare practitioners who have regular contact with older adults.Methods: Mixed‐methods were used to explore satisfaction with the training, the participants’ learning and any resultant changes in behaviour. The effectiveness of the training was assessed using a two‐group parallel design randomised controlled trial, followed by semistructured qualitative interviews. Participants (n = 57) were recruited from a cohort of community nurses and allied health professionals (e.g., occupational therapists) working in Scotland. The intervention was 1‐day brief intervention smoking cessation training. Validated measures of knowledge, attitudes and practice, were used to assess learning and behaviour at baseline, 1 week and 3 months post training. Data were analysed using two‐factor repeated measure analysis of variance, where the factors were “group” and “time.” Qualitative data were gathered from members of the intervention group during semistructured interviews (n = 8) and were analysed thematically.Results/Findings: Levels of satisfaction with the training were high. There was a statistically significant improvement in the knowledge and attitudes of the intervention group following the training, with a noticeable, but nonsignificant, improvement in practice. The qualitative findings demonstrate how the training impacted positively on practice.Conclusions: Smoking cessation interventions in later life are important, as older smokers generally have long‐term conditions caused or complicated by smoking. The delivery of brief smoking cessation interventions is known to be highly cost‐effective; however, research demonstrates that practitioners often fail to raise the issue of smoking cessation with older adults. This study has demonstrated the effectiveness of a 1‐day training course for practitioners. Further research is recommended.
Massive black hole binary eccentricity in rotating stellar systems
Authors: Sesana Alberto , Gualandris Alessia , Dotti Massimo 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
In this Letter we study the eccentricity evolution of a massive black hole (MBH) binary (MBHB) embedded in a rotating stellar cusp. Following the observation that stars on counter-rotating (with respect to the MBHB) orbits extract angular momentum from the binary more efficiently than their corotating counterparts, the eccentricity evolution of the MBHB must depend on the degree of corotation (counter-rotation) of the surrounding stellar distribution. Using an hybrid scheme that couples numerical three-body scatterings to an analytical formalism for the cusp—binary interaction, we verify this hypothesis by evolving the MBHB in spherically symmetric cusps with different fractions of corotating stars. Consistent with previous works, binaries in isotropic cusps () tend to increase their eccentricity, and when approaches zero (counter-rotating cusps) the eccentricity rapidly increases to almost unity. Conversely, binaries in cusps with a significant degree of corotation () tend to become less and less eccentric, circularizing quite quickly for approaching unity. Direct N-body integrations performed to test the theory corroborate the results of the hybrid scheme, at least at a qualitative level. We discuss quantitative differences, ascribing their origin to the oversimplified nature of the hybrid approach.
Effects on blood pressure and autonomic nervous system function of a 12‐week exercise or exercise plus DASH‐diet intervention in individuals with elevated blood pressure
Authors: Edwards K. M. , Wilson K. L. , Sadja J. , Ziegler M. G. , Mills P. J. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAim:  Hypertension is related to abnormalities in autonomic nervous system (ANS) function, with increased sympathetic output and decreased parasympathetic tone. Lifestyle interventions are the first line of treatment in hypertension, and decreased blood pressure (BP) effects may be related to changes in ANS function. Using heart rate recovery (HRR) from exercise as an index of parasympathetic tone and plasma noradrenaline as an index of sympathetic tone, we investigated the effects of lifestyle interventions on ANS function in patients with elevated BP.Methods:  Sedentary participants with elevated BP were randomly assigned to either an exercise only (N = 25), exercise plus dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet (N = 12), or waitlist control (N = 15) 12‐week intervention. Plasma noradrenaline was measured at rest and participants performed a peak exercise test before and after the intervention. HRR was calculated as peak heart rate (HR) minus HR at 1 min post‐exercise.Results:  Heart rate recovery showed a significant group by time interaction; both intervention groups showed increases in HRR from pre‐ to post‐intervention, while waitlist showed no change. Similarly, both exercise plus diet and exercise groups, but not waitlist, showed significant reductions in BP from pre‐ to post‐intervention. Linear regression revealed that BP post‐intervention was significantly predicted by change in HRR when controlling for pre‐BP, age, gender and BMI.Conclusions:  Lifestyle interventions induced training‐reduced BP and altered autonomic tone, indexed by HRR. This study indicates the importance of behavioural modification in hypertension and that increased parasympathetic function is associated with success in reduction of BP.
Role of l‐arginine uptake mechanisms in renal blood flow responses to angiotensin II in rats
Authors: Rajapakse N. W. , Mattson D. L. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAim:  To examine whether reduced renal arginine transport increases the responsiveness of the renal circulation to angiotensin II in salt sensitivity, renal perfusion responses to angiotensin II were examined in the presence of l‐arginine transport inhibitor, l‐lysine and subsequent l‐arginine in Sprague Dawley (SD) and Dahl salt‐sensitive (Dahl S) rats.Methods:  Laser Doppler probes and a transonic flow probe were used to measure regional renal perfusion and total renal perfusion respectively. Renal perfusion responses to intravenous (i.v.) angiotensin II were sequentially examined under control conditions and during i.v. infusion of l‐lysine, l‐arginine or nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, NG‐nitro‐l‐arginine.Results:  Angiotensin II (10 and 100 ng kg−1 min−1, i.v.) reduced total renal (−10 ± 3 and −36 ± 5%) and cortical (−10 ± 2 and −28 ± 4%) but not medullary perfusion in SD rats. In these rats l‐lysine enhanced the renal perfusion response (P = 0.003), whereas subsequent l‐arginine reversed this effect (P = 0.04). Angiotensin II reduced total renal, cortical and medullary perfusion in Dahl S rats. In Dahl S rats fed high salt, l‐lysine did not affect renal perfusion responses to angiotensin II, but subsequent l‐arginine blunted the renal blood flow response (P = 0.01) and increased the medullary perfusion during angiotensin II infusion (P = 0.006).Conclusion:  Intact renal l‐arginine transport attenuates the vasoconstrictor effects of circulating angiotensin II in the renal cortex in SD rats. l‐arginine also plays an important role in protecting the renal medullary circulation from the ischemic effects of angiotensin II in Dahl S rats.
Acupuncture for Anxiety
Authors: Errington‐Evans Nick 
Published: June 2011

SUMMARYThis review aims to examine the volume and quality of the evidence base which supports the use of acupuncture in the treatment of anxiety disorders. A literature review was conducted using Pubmed, Google scholar, AMED, BMJ, Embase, Psychinfo, Cochrane library, Ingenta connect, and Cinahl databases. Keywords were “anxiety,”“anxious,”“panic,”“stress,”“phobia,” and “acupuncture” limited to year 2000 onwards and English language where available. The quality of research examining the use of acupuncture in the treatment of anxiety disorders is extremely variable. There is enormous variety regarding points used, number of points used in a session, duration of sessions, frequency of treatment and duration of treatment programme. While the generally poor methodological quality, combined with the wide range of outcome measures used, number and variety of points, frequency of sessions, and duration of treatment makes firm conclusions difficult. Against this, the volume of literature, consistency of statistically significant results, wide range of conditions treated and use of animal test subjects suggests very real, positive outcomes using a treatment method preferred by a population of individuals who tend to be resistant to conventional medicine.
Late‐onset Bipolar Illness: The Geriatric Bipolar Type VI
Authors: Azorin Jean‐Michel , Kaladjian Arthur , Adida Marc , Fakra Eric 
Published: June 2011

SUMMARYIn parallel to considerable progress in understanding and treatment of bipolarity and despite growing interest in old age psychiatry, late‐onset bipolar illness (LOBI) has remained relatively understudied so far, probably in reason of its complexity. To update available data, a systematic review was conducted, focusing on the main issues addressed in literature in regard to this topic. In addition to data on epidemiology, clinical features and treatment, five main issues could be identified: LOBI as secondary disorder, LOBI as expression of a lower vulnerability to the disease, LOBI as subform of pseudodementia, LOBI as risk factor for developing dementia, and LOBI as bipolar type VI (bipolarity in the context of dementia like processes). Levels of available evidence were found to vary according to the addressed issue. Although the concept of bipolar type VI could be criticized for subsuming under one single heading all the four other issues, this concept may be of pragmatic value in helping clinicians to orientate both diagnosis process and treatment decisions. Among others, the question as to whether some forms of bipolar type VI could constitute a special risk factor for developing dementia deserves further investigation. More studies are also needed to better disentangle the effects of age at onset from those of age itself.
Structural Variations of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome
mec
Type IVa in
Staphylococcus aureus
Clonal Complex 8 and Unrelated Lineages
Authors: Damborg Peter , Bartels Mette Damkjær , Boye Kit , Guardabassi Luca , Westh Henrik 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACT

PCR mapping of staphylococcal cassette chromosome
mec
type IVa and adjacent mobile elements in 94 methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA) strains identified two primary structures (A and B) that could be further classified into two (A1 and A2) and five (B1 to B5) variants, primarily based on structural differences in the
orfX
-J3 region. While
spa
type t008 (USA300) invariably contained the A variants, other
spa
types belonging to clonal complex 8 and unrelated lineages generally contained B variants. These findings have important implications for the typing and identification of MRSA strains containing B variants.