bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ischemic maculopathy with temporal macular thinning on spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography in sickle cell retinopathy: about three cases
Authors: MEZIANI L , BONNEL S , LAROCHE L , HAMARD P , MONIN C 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Ischemic maculopathy with temporal macular thinning was recently described on OCT in patients with sickle cell disease. In the current study, we describe the features on Spectral Domain OCT(SD‐OCT)in three patients.Methods We report 3 cases of sickle cell patients presenting ischemic maculopathy documented by ophthalmologic clinical evaluation, fluorescein angiography (FA),and SD‐OCT.Results The three patients present stage 3 sickle cell peripheral ischemic retinopathy (Goldberg classification) and bilateral enlargement of ACV in FA. The first patient is a 35 year old man. SD‐OCT shows bilateral thinning in temporal macula retina. Thickness measurement is respectively in right and left eye, 271µm and 219 µm in foveolar region, 275µm and 302µm in temporal perifoveolar region, 203µm and 265 µm in temporal parafoveolar region. The second patient is aged 15. Angiograms reveal a small arteriolar occlusion in the right temporal macula. On SD‐OCT retinal thickness measurement is decreased in both temporal macula: 240µm and 261µm in foveolar region, 233µm and 265µm in temporal perifoveolar region vs 276µm and 358µm in nasal perifoveolar region, 199µm and 230 µm in temporal parafoveolar region vs 292µm and 319µm in nasal parafoveolar region (respectively in right and left eye). The third patient is aged 19 and present the same OCT aspect. Temporal retinal thinning is predominant in inner layers in the three patients.Conclusion Sickle cell retinopathy can affect macular area through the same process of peripheral terminal vascular occlusion. SD‐OCT provides high resolution images that shows temporal macular thinning which is predominant in the retinal inner layers.
Effect of Crocus sativus stigmas (saffron) extract on sodium selenite induced cataract formation
Authors: MAKRI OE , FERLEMI AV , LAMARI FN , GEORGAKOPOULOS CD 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To study the effect of Crocus sativus (CS) stigmas (saffron) extract on sodium selenite induced cataract formation in vivo.Methods Twenty‐four Wistar rat pups were randomized into 3 groups (n=8/group). Control group received subcutaneous injection of normal saline on postnatal day 10. Selenite and CS treated group received a subcutaneous injection of sodium selenite (20 µmol/kg body weight) on postnatal day 10. CS group also received intraperitoneal injections of CS extract (60 mg/kg body weight) on postnatal days 11 and 12. On postpartum day 21, rats were sacrificed and the lenses were isolated and examined for cataract formation. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) in the isolated lenses were measured. SDS‐PAGE of lens water soluble protein fraction (WSF) was done.Results Selenite resulted in significant cataract formation compared to control group, p<0.001. In the CS group, cataract formation was significantly prevented compared to selenite group, p< 0.0001. The mean activities of SOD and CAT were significantly increased in the CS group compared to the selenite group (p=0.025 and 0.0009 respectively). The GSSG/GSH ratio was significantly decreased in the CS group compared to selenite group (p=0.001). CS prevented selenite induced proteolysis of the lens WSF.Conclusion CS extracts prevented selenite induced cataract formation in Wistar rats possibly by enhancement of antioxidant status and inhibition of proteolysis of the lens WSF.
Gaps between lens epithelial cells due to contractions
Authors: ANDJELIC S , ZUPANCIC G , DRASLAR K , PEROVSEK D , HAWLINA M 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose The purpose of the study was to characterize the contractions of human anterior lens capsule epithelial cells that create gaps between cells, and to assess the physiological mechanisms and a possible association of the contractions with cataract formation.Methods Lens capsules obtained during cataract surgery were stained with fluorescent dye Fura‐2. Its fluorescence, upon excitation at 360 and 380 nm, was imaged to monitor changes in cell morphology and cytosolic free Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i) in response to pharmacological stimulation by acetylcholine and to mechanical stimulation. Contractions were also studied by scanning electron microscope.Results Epithelial cells contracted in about a third of preparations after stimulation. Contractions started either before or at best simultaneously with the rise in [Ca2+]i. They also occurred when there was hardly any change in [Ca2+]i upon application of physiological saline alone. The probability of contractions occurring did not differ significantly among cortical, nuclear and combined cortical+nuclear cataract.Conclusion The contractions of the anterior lens epithelial cells occur in significant part of human lens anterior capsule postoperative preparations. They can be mechanically induced, are localized and reversible, have a fast response and did not differ among different types of cataract. They are at least partly independent of changes in [Ca2+]i. This mechanism could represent physiological basis of cataract formation in phakic intraocular lenses that touch the crystalline lens.
Corneal changes after a 3 incision cataract surgery by 2.2mm
Authors: DOT C , ELCHEHAB H , AGARD E , RUSSO A , RACT‐MADOUX G , SWALDUZ B , DUSSART C 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose a prospective study to analyze the effects of the miniincision coaxial phacoemulsification (2.2 mm) combined with bimanual irrigation/aspiration (I/A) on the corneal optical quality characterized in terms of corneal aberrations.Methods One hundred and eith eyes underwent mini‐incision phacoemulsification, by the same surgeon. Cataract surgery was performed through a clear corneal incision of 2.2mm, placed at 130°. Two paracentesis of 1mm were performed 90° apart for bimanual irrigation/aspiration. An aberrometry (OPD scannII, Nidek®, Japan) was performed preoperatively (Day 0), 15 days after surgery (Day 15) then 1 month after (M1).Results The corneal surgical induced astigmatism (SIA) was quite neutral : 0.091 D +/‐0.428 at Day 15, and 0.065 D +/‐0.86 at Day 30. Between Day 15 and D30, its variation was not significant ‐ 0.026 D +/‐0.871 (p=0.74). At 1 month: we observed a mean reduction of ‐ 0,25D +/‐ 0.96 in the direct astigmatism group (n=46), and a mean induced astigmatism of + 0.23D +/‐ 0.94 in the inverse astigmatism group (n=37), of + 0.21D +/‐ 0.6 in the oblique stigmatism group (n=25).Corneal topographic astigmatism is modified in the axis : mean rotation was 29.95° +/‐ 27.6 between Day 0 and 30. Congenital astigmatism superior to 1,5D appears to be more stable. Corneal asphericity didn’t change statistically between Day 0 and 30 (1.14 D +/‐ 0.5 versus 1.11 D +/‐ 0.49 p=0,13).Conclusion This 3 incision procedure permits a real neutral power SIA through a 2.2 mm main incision, compared to classical coaxial procedure.The stability of refractive data between Day 15 and M1 allows early spectacles prescription and a quick return to normal life. SIA rotation could explain some undercorrections after toric IOL.
Cataract surgery rationing in an age of austerity – Is a UK district general hospital compliant with regional cataract booking guidelines?
Authors: HO J , MOORE S , PAUL B , ISLAM N 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose The rate of cataract surgery in Outer North East London (ONEL) is significantly higher than the standardised admission rate (SAR) for England. Financial pressures have forced cost savings by restricting cataract operations, aiming for 22% reduction through new clinical acceptance criteria for the region since April 2011. This involves: 1. Best corrected distance visual acuity 6/10 or worse in the better eye AND Impaired lifestyle due to cataract: OR 2. Severe glare, diplopia or anisometropia >/= 1.5 D Exceptions include: • Significant posterior subcapsular lens opacity despite good vision • If surgery is needed to help co‐manage conditions such as glaucoma or for the view of the retina in patients with diabetic retinopathyMethods Retrospective audit of cataract surgery from Aug 2010 ‐ Dec 2011. Medisoft electronic database query identified patients with VA > 6/9 for case‐note review to ascertain reasons for (non/)compliance with cataract booking criteria.Results 1084 cataract operations were performed. Median age was 73.5 years. n=34 eyes with pre‐op VA 6/9 or better; pre‐April 2011 (9 cases) vs post‐April 2011 (25 cases). Case‐note review revealed: • Glare (8) / Anisometropia (3): 11 • Posterior Subcapsular cataract: 4 • Co‐management of other pathology: 23 Glaucoma (15), Diabetic Retinopathy (7), ARMD (1) • Not valid: 2Conclusion Rationing must be balanced with individual clinical needs. 99.8% of cataract operations met the new restricted criteria. This sample is an underestimate as not all cataract operations are registered on the Medisoft database. A re‐audit in 6‐8 months would establish compliance and feasibility as policies are tightened.
Improving effective lens position : comparison of femtosecond laser vs manual capsulotomy
Authors: COLAS E , ABRIEU M , LAAYOUN J , MOUINGA ABAYI DA , LUSSATO M , BLAVIER B , FROUSSART F , RIGAL‐SASTOURNE JC 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Every IOL formula has its limits in estimating Effective lens position (ELP). The main one is the variability in capsulotomy size and centration. Our purpose was to compare the variability and predictability in ELP based on capsulotomy created by a femtosecond laser with those using manual continual curvilinear capsulorhexis.Methods 32 eyes from 24 patients undergoing cataract surgery had either femtosecond created 5.2 mm capsulotomy (VICTUS™ Femtosecond Laser Platform ‐ Technolas Perfect vision) (n=16) or manual continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis performed with an attempted diameter of 5.2 mm (n=16). One surgeon performed all the surgeries during a period of one month in April 2012, at Percy military hospital, Clamart. Three type of monofocal IOL were implanted in the bag. At one month after surgery, ELP was measured by Pentacam HR and compared to preoperative estimated lens position. Accuracy to target refraction was also calculated, being the difference between target refraction with Iolmaster v5 (Haigis, SRK/T and Holladay formula) and postoperative objective refractionResults Precision of IOL position was improved, as shown by statistically significant reduced variability of ELP (0,27 vs 0,45, p=0,03) in the laser group at one month. Better accuracy to target refraction using SRK/T formula (0,16 vs 0,5, p=0.02) and Holladay formula (0,26 vs 0,50, p=0,02) was also observed in the laser‐treated eyes compared to the manual group.Conclusion Femtosecond laser system provides a perfectly round, well‐centered, and precise diameter capsulotomy. In this study, this translated to more accurate and predictable ELP and IOL power calculation in femtosecond laser group compared to manual group.
Clear lens extraction in high myopic
Authors: CABEZON L , RAMIRO P , PADGETT E , ZABADANI K , ITURBE F , MINGUEZ E , CRISTOBAL JA , JIMENEZ DEL RIO B 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the visual results and complications in high myopic patients who underwent clear lens extraction by phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation.Methods We performed a retrospective, observational and descriptive study in 61 eyes of 40 patients from HCU Lozano Blesa from Zaragoza collected between January 2002 and January 2012. We evaluated preoperative and postoperative visual acuity, visual satisfaction and early and late complications.Results The mean age at intervention was 51,3 years. The mean visual acuity at 3 months postoperatively was 0,8. 30% of the patients needed yag capsuloyomy during the first postoperative year. 2 patients had a retinal detachment.Conclusion The clear lens extraction in high myopia may be a reasonable option if alternative procedures are not feasible.
Comparative analysis of changes in the macular region following cataract surgery by phacoemulsification with Ozil Intelligent Phaco technology according to different fluidics parameters
Authors: DE LA MATA G , FERNANDEZ‐PEREZ S , SATUE M , GARCIA‐MARTIN E , BAMBO M , PRIETO E , LARROSA JM , POLO V , PABLO L 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To assess the change in macular thickness values following cataract surgery by phacoemulsification with Ozil Intelligent Phaco (IP) technology comparing high and low fluidics parametersMethods A randomized, prospective, comparative trial, including 40 eyes with age‐related cataracts and nuclear opalescence below 4 in the The Lens Opacities Classification System III (LOCS III). Half of the eyes were assigned to phacoemulsification with low fluidics (300mmHg vacuum and 20cc/min maximum aspiration flow), and the other half to high fluidics (500mmHg vacuum and 40cc/min maximum aspiration flow). Data were collected from the thickness map of the macular region by optical coherence tomography (OCT) prior to surgery as well as successive visits in the first postoperative monthResults All the sectors of the macular thickness in OCT were compared based on fluidics groups. No statistically significant differences in none of the 9 sectors in the macular region at both preoperative and first postoperative month were found. There was a slight increase in overall macular thickness after cataract surgery in both study groups, with no significant differences between both. However, this increase was not clinically significantConclusion Modifying fluidics parameters in phacoemulsification surgery with Ozil IP technology does not change the damage parameters into the macular region due to surgical trauma within the first 30 postoperative days
Tele‐ophthalmology research in post‐phacoemulsification diagnostic outcomes (TORPEDO) study – preliminary results
Authors: YANG FP , LIM TH 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the accuracy of tele‐medicine in detecting post‐phacoemulsification outcomes and complications at the one‐month post‐operative visit, as compared to a face‐to‐face clinical consultation.Methods A prospective study of 30 patients who underwent uneventful phacoemulsification surgery was conducted. At the one‐month post‐operative visit, patients underwent a novel tele‐medicine work‐flow which included visual acuity testing, refraction, intraocular pressure measurement, and slit‐lamp and fundus photography. Images were read by a masked investigator and the findings compared against those of a face‐to‐face clinical examination, performed at the same visit.Results On clinical examination, corneal and wound‐related complications occurred in 2 patients, anterior chamber inflammation of occasional to 1+ cells was noted in 4 patients and posterior capsular opacification in 1 patient. When compared against the clinical examination findings, tele‐medicine detected corneal and wound‐related complications with a sensitivity and specificity of 100%; anterior chamber inflammation with a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 92.3% and the presence of posterior capsular opacification with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 96.6%.Conclusion Preliminary results suggest that tele‐medicine detects post‐phacoemulsification outcomes and complications with a high level of sensitivity and specificity. It best detects corneal and intraocular lens‐related complications; with a lower sensitivity and specificity in detecting anterior chamber inflammation.
Customized intraocular lenses enhance binocular depth‐of‐focus and optimize stereoscopic vision
Authors: TARFAOUI N , NOCHEZ Y , PISELLA PJ 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate mono and binocular near vision and depth‐of‐focus using two different aspheric monofocal intraocular lenses (IOL) profiles after micro‐incision cataract surgery.Methods Forty eyes (20 patients) were included. The reference group (28 eyes, 14 patients) received a ‐0.18 µm spherical aberration (SA) aspheric IOL in each eye (Acrismart 36A®, Carl Zeiss Meditec) whereas the aspheric‐customized group (12 eyes, 6 patients) received on the dominant eye an AcriSmart 36A® and on the other eye a zero‐aspheric IOL (Acrismart 46 LC®, Carl Zeiss Meditec). Inclusion criteria were a 0,15‐0,3 µm preoperative corneal SA and a monocular postoperative visual acuity (VA) ≥ 20/20. Reported visual outcomes were best corrected mono and binocular distance Snellen VA and uncorrected mono and binocular near VA. A binocular defocus curve was performed from +0.0 to ‐ 4.0 Diopters (D) by ‐0.25D step. A corneal and total higher‐order aberrations (KR1®, Topcon) evaluation was assessed. Stereoscopic vision was performed using TNO stereo test.Results Residual postoperative spherical equivalent and best corrected distance VA was not different between the two groups (respectively p = 0,11 and p = 0,82). However, the customized group had a better near and intermediate VA during the defocus curve, for example 20/80 versus 20/125 with ‐4.0D of defocus (p < 0.05). Customized group did not have penalized stereoscopic vision while comparing frequency of patients with TNO stereo test ≥ 120 seconds.Conclusion Differences in pseudophakic aspherical profiles of IOL in cataract surgery seemed to increase clinical depth‐of‐focus and near ability, without any disturbed distance vision or penalized stereoscopic outcomes.
Relationships between estradiol, progesterone, and plasminogen activator inhibitor longitudinally during normal human pregnancy
Authors: STEIBER Z , SILVER DM , TOZSER J , BAGOSSI P , JAKAB A , BERTA A , CSUTAK A 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To investigate the hypothesis that the plasminogen activator proteolysis cascade in the eye is controlled locally instead of systemically. During pregnancy, systemic blood levels of estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4) and plasminogen activator inhibitors (PAI) are expected to rise with gestational age; is there a consequent rise in PAI normally present in tears?Methods PAI‐2 levels were measured, using Imubind ELISA, longitudinally from three to four tear samples collected from each of 13 women between 8 and 36 weeks of pregnancy. During the same visits, blood samples were analyzed for PAI‐2, E2 and P4. The analysis included successful results from 36 tear samples (PAI‐2) and 45 blood samples (PAI‐2, E2 and P4).Results Increases in blood levels of PAI‐2, E2 and P4 occurred over the measured gestational period, significantly correlated with time and with each other (all R2>0.75). Tear levels of PAI‐2 did not increase and were not correlated with gestation or blood PAI‐2 (both R2<0.06).Conclusion Our finding is that tear PAI‐2 levels are dissociated from the progression of pregnancy and the concommitant elevated systemic blood E2 and P4 hormone and PAI‐2 levels, indicating the possibility of local control of proteolysis in the eye, perhaps due to a blood‐brain barrier to the elevated systemic blood composition levels.
The Brittle Cornea Syndrome: Study of a family with five affected siblings
Authors: ALHARBI A , DENIS D , AZAR N , MAUMENEE IH 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To define the natural history,genotype‐phenotype correlation and differential diagnosis of the Brittle Cornea Syndrome (BCS),or Ehlers Danlos Syndrome (EDS) type VIB,caused by mutations in ZNF469 and PRDM5Methods We evaluated one family in which 5 out of 8 siblings suffered from BCS. We performed complete eye and systemic evaluations of the siblings and their parents. We sequenced the candidate gene,ZNF469Results On ocular evaluation we found keratoglobus and thinned corneas that tended to perforate spontaneously,as well as refractive errors caused by high myopia and irregular astigmatism. Progressive thinning of the corneas with keratoglobus led to visual deterioration due to spontaneous perforations and scarring. K readings were above 60 D and corneal thickness below 300um in 4 eyes that had not developed perforation. Systemic manifestations included joint hypermobility,increased elasticity of the skin but no cigarette paper scars, kyphoscoliosis,and progressive conductive hearing loss. Cardiovascular disease was not observed.The systemic findings overlap the kyphoscoliotic type of EDS VIA,the ocular manifestations of which consist of flattened corneal curvatures,fluid vitreous,radial perivascular lattice. Patients with BCS are often diagnosed as having the Marfan syndrome,even though spontaneous perforation of the cornea is not a feature of the latter condition. A 14bp insertion was found in exon 2 of ZNF469Conclusion EDS VIB is a connective tissue disease referred to as BCS; it is characterized by keratoglobus,thinned corneas and Marfanoid body habitus. Two causative genes for BCS have been identified to date,ZNF469 and PRDM5. A 14bp insertion was found in exon 2 of ZNF469. It is possible to provide genetic counseling in the extended family
NHS gene mutations in non syndromic cataract
Authors: HABAY T , LAUMONIER F , LALA E , SPEEG‐SCHATZ C , TOUTAIN A , PISELLA PJ 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Many genes can be involved in congenital cataracts according to different inheritance pattern. NHS (Nance‐Horan Syndrome) gene is involved in a rare X‐linked syndromic cataract associating dental anomalies and facial dysmorphia. NHS gene mutations are essentially protein truncating mutations. Studies of gene localization show that non‐syndromic form of congenital cataract have a gene located in the same region as the NHS gene. The purpose of this study was to determine if others mutations of the NHS gene might cause non syndromic cataracts and to analyse the expression of NHS in lenses.Methods Genomic DNA was isolated from white blood cells from 30 patients diagnosed with non syndromic congenital cataracts. When a surgery was performed, lenses were collected (n=10). The 11 exons of NHS gene were amplified from genomic DNA by PCR, and the amplicon were directly sequenced. NHS gene copy number anomalies were search by real time PCR. mRNA was extracted from the front capsule of lenses. After reverse transcription mRNA expression was analyzed by real time PCR.Results We identified 6 punctual mutations of NHS gene in different patients : 2 missenses mutations, 3 frameshift mutations and one intronic mutation. The analyze of NHS copy number revealed in one patient a duplication of exons 4 to 8. We manage to extract and amplified NHS mRNA in the front capsule. One patient with a missense mutation has a relative low expression.Conclusion We found 23% mutations of NHS gene in our cohort study. For some patients we can’t yet absolutely eliminate a Nance Horan Syndrom because of their young age. This high rate of mutations mean either the diagnostic of NHS is under evaluate or NHS gene is frequently involved in non syndromic cataracts.