bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in Diabetes Medication Use and Prevalence of Geriatric Syndromes in Older Mexican Americans from 1993/1994 to 2004/2005
Authors: Beard Holly A , Markides Kyriakos S , Ghatrif Majd AI , Kuo Yong-Fang , Raji Mukaila A 
Published: July 2010

Background: New diabetes medications introduced over the last decade have fed to changes in diabetes treatment recommendations for the increasing number of elderly patients with diabetes. It is, however, not clear whether these changes are accompanied by changes in prevalence of comorbid geriatric syndromes. Objective: To determine whether changes in diabetes treatment between 1993/1994 and 2004/2005 were accompanied by changes in prevalence of geriatric syndromes in Mexican Americans aged 75 years and older. Methods: Data from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly were used. Participants aged 75 years and older with diabetes in 1993/1994 (n = 264) and in 2004/2005 (n = 324; new cohort added in 2004/2005) were included in the analyses. Medication use and geriatric syndromes prevalence rates were estimated and compared using descriptive and univariate statistics for continuous variables and contingency tables (χ2) for categorical variables. Results: Older Mexican Americans with diabetes in 2004/2005 were more likely to be taking 2 or more oral diabetes medications than were those in the 1993/1994 cohort; most of the drugs taken by the 2004/2005 cohort were the newly introduced oral diabetes medications. Use of insulin as sole diabetes therapy decreased from 20.3% in the 1993/1994 cohort to 7.5% in the 2004/2005 cohort. The 2004/2005 cohort reported longer diabetes duration and higher prevalence of obesity and hypertension; they were also more likely than the 1993/1994 cohort to have more geriatric syndromes: pain, arthritis, incontinence, and self-reported activities of daily living disability. No significant differences exist between the 2 cohorts in objective measures of cognitive and physical function. Conclusions: Older Mexican Americans with diabetes in 2004/2005 used more of the newer diabetes medications and less insulin compared to the 1993/1994 cohort. The prevalence rates of geriatric syndromes were higher in the 2004/2005 cohort. Our findings suggest that screening for and treating comorbid geriatric syndromes is increasingly important for optimal geriatric diabetes care.
Worsening Heart Failure in the Setting of Dronedarone Initiation
Authors: Coons James C , Plauger Kara M , Seybert Amy L , Sokos George G 
Published: July 2010

Objective: To describe a challenging patient case in which dronedarone was selected for a patient with atrial fibrillation and heart failure; the drug may have been associated with worsening heart failure, leading to acute renal and hepatic failure. Case Summary: A 47-year-old male with a history of heart failure with New York Heart Association class III—IV symptoms presented to our institution with ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia storm. Torsade de pointes secondary to a combination of doletilide and hypokalemia was determined to be the etiology. Upon stabilization, the patient was initiated on dronedarone 400 mg orally twice daily by the electro physiology service for atrial fibrillation. The patient had a questionable history of amkxtaroπe intolerance. By hospital day 9 (day 4 of dronedarone therapy), the patient demonstrated a clinical picture consistent with acute renal and hepatic failure possibly due to worsening heart failure. Dronedarone was discontinued on hospital day 10. He was subsequently transferred to an outside hospital where he required milrinone therapy for cardiogenic shock. Laboratory markers of renal and hepatic function improved over the remainder of his hospitalization and he was discharged on hospital day 20. Discussion: Dronedarone is a newly approved antiarrhythmic agent with multichannel blocking properties similar to amiodarone. Use of the Naranjo probability scale determined that this patient's worsening heart failure leading to acute renal and hepatic failure was possibly caused by dronedarone. The implication from the ANDROMEDA trial as well as our experience in this case is that dronedarone should be used cautiously in patients with heart failure and avoided in patients specifically outlined in the product labeling. Conclusions: This case report, to our knowledge, represents the first published postmarketing report of worsening heart failure complicated by multiorgan dysfunction in the setting of dronedarone initiation. Dronedarone use must be approached with caution in patients with a history of heart failure.
Detection of serum free light chains: the problem with antigen excess
Authors: Bosmann Markus , Kößler Jürgen , Stolz Herbert , Walter Ulrich , Knop Stefan , Steigerwald Udo 
Published: July 2010

Abstract

Background: In recent years, measurement of serum immunoglobulin free light chains (FLCs) has greatly facilitated diagnosis and monitoring of various plasma cells dyscrasias, including multiple myeloma. Detection of FLCs by nephelometry depends on the formation of immune complexes. However, it is known that if the antigen (free light chain) is present in great excess, non-precipitating immune complexes can be formed and be detected poorly. This may lead to inaccurate test results.

Methods: Serum samples from 91 patients were subjected prospectively to the detection of free κ and λ light chains by automated nephelometry. A standard dilution of 1:100 was paralleled by a 1:2000 dilution. In addition, samples with values below the effective range (1:100) were subjected to a 1:20 dilution in order to calculate the κ/λ ratio.

Results: Here, we report the incidence of antigen excess in a cohort of 91 patients with a high proportion of monoclonal abnormalities. A standard dilution (1:100) of free light κ chains from a patient with monoclonal immunoglobulin A κ gammopathy were missed repeatedly. In a second patient (with myeloproliferative disease and an apparent incidental FLC monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance) free λ chains were also substantially underestimated in the standard dilution. Hence, the incidence of erroneously low test results due to antigen excess was 2.20%.

Conclusions: We found a significantly higher incidence of falsely low test results due to antigen excess than reported previously. Antigen excess may result in erroneous interpretations in sera subjected to nephelometric analysis. Therefore, clinical decisions should not be based solely on a single assay, especially if FLC testing includes only one dilution of the serum sample. Instead, several parallel dilutions should be recommended for screening of patients.
Clin Chem Lab Med 2010;48:1419–22.
A new phenolic glucoside and flavonoids from the bark of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.
Authors: Yao Li-Na , Su Yan-Fang , Yin Zhao-Ye , Qin Nan , Li Tian-Xiang , Si Chuan-Ling , Liu Er-Wei , Gao Xiu-Mei 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of Eucommia ulmoides bark led to the isolation of a new phenolic glucoside which was named eucophenoside. The structure of eucophenoside was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data analysis. In addition, seven known flavonoids were reported for the first time to be present in the bark of E. ulmoides: wogonin, oroxylin A, baicalein, 4,2′,4′-trihydroxychalcone, (αR)-α,4,2′,4′-tetrahydroxydihydrochalcone, (αR)-α-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-4,2′,4′-trihydroxydihydrochalcone, and wogonoside.
On the problem of control the composition of material in the binary alloy solidification process
Authors: Petrova Anna G. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
In a framework of classical one-dimensional binary alloy solidification problem with zero diffusion coefficient in the solid phase the inverse problem is posed and considered. The problem consists in finding of the temperature regime at the outer boundary of domain when the final distribution of admixture in solidified part is known. In the cases when the desired concentration is linear function of space coordinate the boundary-value problem for the system of equations can be disjoin and the inverse problem can be reduced to the successive solving of three problems. First one is a “supercooled” Stefan problem [Fasano, Primicherio, Quart. Appl. Math. 38: 439–460, 1981,Petrova, Tarzia, Turner, Advances in Math. Sciences and Applications, Gakkotosho 4: 35–50, 1994], the second one is an initial-boundary problem for heat equation in the domain with known moving boundary, and the last one is a non-characteristic Cauchy problem [Alifanov, Inverse Problems of Heat Exchange (in Russian), Nauka, 1988]. We investigate this last problem in two aspects – classical “exact” and extremal, as a problem of minimizing a functional. Besides, we consider the self-similar version of the inverse problem and construct the exact solution to the inverse problem.
Association Mapping of Quantitative Disease Resistance in a Natural Population of Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda L.)
Authors: Quesada Tania , Gopal Vikneswaran , Cumbie W Patrick , Eckert Andrew J , Wegrzyn Jill L , Neale David B , Goldfarb Barry , Huber Dudley A , Casella George , Davis John M 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Genetic resistance to disease incited by necrotrophic pathogens is not well understood in plants. Whereas resistance is often quantitative, there is limited information on the genes that underpin quantitative variation in disease resistance. We used a population genomic approach to identify genes in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) that are associated with resistance to pitch canker, a disease incited by the necrotrophic pathogen Fusarium circinatum. A set of 498 largely unrelated, clonally propagated genotypes were inoculated with F. circinatum microconidia and lesion length, a measure of disease resistance, data were collected 4, 8, and 12 weeks after inoculation. Best linear unbiased prediction was used to adjust for imbalance in number of observations and to identify highly susceptible and highly resistant genotypes (“tails”). The tails were reinoculated to validate the results of the full population screen. Significant associations were detected in 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (out of 3938 tested). As hypothesized for genes involved in quantitative resistance, the 10 SNPs had small effects and proposed roles in basal resistance, direct defense, and signal transduction. We also discovered associated genes with unknown function, which would have remained undetected in a candidate gene approach constrained by annotation for disease resistance or stress response.
Odorant Receptor Polymorphisms and Natural Variation in Olfactory Behavior in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Rollmann Stephanie M , Wang Ping , Date Priya , West Steven A , Mackay Trudy F C , Anholt Robert R H 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Animals perceive and discriminate among a vast array of sensory cues in their environment. Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to individual variation in behavioral responses to these cues. Here, we asked to what extent sequence variants in six Drosophila melanogaster odorant receptor (Or) genes are associated with variation in behavioral responses to benzaldehyde by sequencing alleles from a natural population. Sequence analyses showed signatures of deviations from neutrality for Or42b and Or85f, and linkage disequilibrium analyses showed a history of extensive recombination between polymorphic markers for all six Or genes. We identified polymorphisms in Or10a, Or43a, and Or67b that were significantly associated with variation in response to benzaldehyde. To verify these associations, we repeated the analyses with an independent set of behavioral measurements of responses to a structurally similar odorant, acetophenone. Association profiles for both odorants were similar with many polymorphisms and haplotypes associated with variation in responsiveness to both odorants. Some polymorphisms, however, were associated with one, but not the other odorant. We also observed a correspondence between behavioral response to benzaldehyde and differences in Or10a and Or43a expression. These results illustrate that sequence variants that arise during the evolution of odorant receptor genes can contribute to individual variation in olfactory behavior and give rise to subtle shifts in olfactory perception.
Collagen‐Coated Poly(l‐lactide‐co‐ɛ‐caprolactone) Film: A Promising Scaffold for Cultured Periosteal Sheets
Authors: Kawase Tomoyuki , Yamanaka Katsuyuki , Suda Youko , Kaneko Tadashi , Okuda Kazuhiro , Kogami Hiroyuki , Nakayama Hitoshi , Nagata Masaki , Wolff Larry F. , Yoshie Hiromasa 
Published: July 2010

Background: We previously demonstrated that human periosteal sheets prepared on culture dishes function as an osteogenic “graft material” applicable to periodontal regenerative therapy. However, a lower level of initial adhesion of the excised periosteum tissue segments to culture dishes was a critical point that compromised the successful preparation of functional periosteal sheets. To improve on this weakness, we developed a transparent, biodegradable poly(l‐lactide‐co‐ɛ‐caprolactone) (LCL) film and tested its function as a scaffold and carrier of periosteal sheets.Methods: Human periosteum tissue segments excised from alveolar bone of healthy donors were cultured on type I atelocollagen‐coated LCL films. Initial adhesion was examined by simple agitation. Cell outgrowth and in vitro mineralization were cytohistochemically examined. Osteogenic activity was histochemically examined in an animal implantation model using nude mice.Results: Surface collagen‐coating modified the hydrophobic nature of LCL and substantially improved the initial adhesion. Compared to cultures in plastic dishes, the growth rate was delayed in non‐coated films, but not in collagen‐coated films. In the trimming process for animal implantation, periosteal sheets were frequently detached from non‐coated films, but not from collagen‐coated films. Regardless of collagen‐coating, LCL films did not cause any significant infiltration of inflammatory cells, or negatively impact mineralized tissue formation.Conclusions: Collagen‐coating improved the initial adhesion of periosteum segments, which facilitated cell outgrowth and also handling efficiency on implantation. Therefore, we believe that once evaluated in human studies, our collagen‐coated LCL film will contribute to improving the periodontal regenerative methodology with the application of cultured autologous periosteal sheets.
Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to Nurse Practitioners' Understanding of the Periodontal Disease–Systemic Link
Authors: Ward Audra S. , Cobb Charles M. , Kelly Patricia J. , Walker Mary P. , Williams Karen B. 
Published: July 2010

Background: Mounting evidence supports a connection between periodontal disease and coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke, and diabetes. This theoretically grounded study examines the knowledge, attitudes, and screening and referral behaviors of primary care nurse practitioners (NPs) in relation to the periodontal disease–systemic link.Methods: A questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior was administered to 200 primary medical care providers, mostly NPs, to determine their practice behaviors, attitudes, opinions, and knowledge regarding the periodontal disease–systemic link. A total of 137 partially and fully complete questionnaires were used for data analyses. Data were analyzed for the reported frequency of screening for periodontal disease and the knowledge of the relationship between periodontal and systemic disease. Oblimin rotation was used to explore the underlying factor structure of 10 practice‐behavior items. Bivariate analyses were conducted to determine which factor subscales and demographic characteristics were significantly associated with screening and referral behaviors.Results: Twenty‐two percent of the respondents reported that they always or routinely screened patients for periodontal disease. When providers felt good about their training and continuing education (attitude), they were significantly more likely to screen patients for periodontal disease. If providers believed it was within their scope of practice (social norm) to screen for periodontal disease, and they had control over the establishment of office protocols (control), the likelihood of screening for periodontal disease increased.Conclusions: Professional and social norms, the perceived control over one's practice site, and reimbursement were significantly related to NPs engaging in periodontal screening and the subsequent referral for care. These results support the importance of interprofessional and collaborative education between medicine/nursing and dentistry.
The Impact of School Building Conditions on Student Absenteeism in Upstate New York
Authors: Simons Elinor , Hwang Syni-An , Fitzgerald Edward F. , Kielb Christine , Lin Shao 
Published: July 2010

Objectives. We investigated Upstate New York school building conditions and examined the associations between school absenteeism and building condition problems. Methods. We merged data from the 2005 Building Condition Survey of Upstate New York schools with 2005 New York State Education Department student absenteeism data at the individual school level and evaluated associations between building conditions and absenteeism at or above the 90th percentile. Results. After adjustment for confounders, student absenteeism was associated with visible mold (odds ratio [OR] = 2.22; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.34, 3.68), humidity (OR = 3.07; 95% CI = 1.37, 6.89), poor ventilation (OR = 3.10; 95% CI = 1.79, 5.37), vermin (OR = 2.23; 95% CI = 1.32, 3.76), 6 or more individual building condition problems (OR = 2.97; 95% CI = 1.84, 4.79), and building system or structural problems related to these conditions. Schools in lower socioeconomic districts and schools attended by younger students showed the strongest associations between poor building conditions and absenteeism. Conclusions. We found associations between student absenteeism and adverse school building conditions. Future studies should confirm these findings and prioritize strategies for school condition improvements.
Different Setting, Different Care: Integrating Prevention and Clinical Care in School-Based Health Centers
Authors: Clayton Serena , Chin Teresa , Blackburn Samantha , Echeverria Cecilia 
Published: July 2010

School-based health centers (SBHCs) are widely credited with increasing students’ access to care by making health services affordable and convenient. SBHCs can also provide a qualitatively different type of health care for children and adolescents than that delivered by community providers. Health services offered in a school setting can integrate clinical care with public health interventions and environmental change strategies. This ability to reach outside the walls of the exam room makes SBHCs uniquely positioned to address the multiple determinants of health. We describe innovative California SBHC programs focusing on obesity prevention, asthma, mental health, and oral health that represent new models of health care for children and adolescents.
The Role of School Health Centers in Health Care Access and Client Outcomes
Authors: Soleimanpour Samira , Geierstanger Sara P. , Kaller Shelly , McCarter Virginia , Brindis Claire D. 
Published: July 2010

Objectives. We describe the impact of school health centers in Alameda County, California, on adolescents' access to care and their mental and physical health outcomes. Methods. We used a multimethod evaluation of 12 school health centers to track data on clients (n = 7410), services, and provider-reported outcomes; client pre–post surveys (n = 286); and student focus groups (n = 105 participants). Results. School health centers were the most commonly reported source of medical (30%), family planning (63%), and counseling (31%) services for clients. Mental health providers reported significant improvements (P < .05) from baseline to follow-up in clients' presenting concerns and resiliency factors. Medical providers and clients also reported general improvements in reproductive health, particularly in the use of birth control other than condoms. Student focus group participants noted that school health centers helped improve access to services students might not seek out otherwise, particularly counseling and family planning services. Furthermore, students noted that they liked school health centers because of their confidentiality, free services, convenience, and youth-friendly staff. Conclusions. School health centers increase access to care and improve mental health, resiliency, and contraceptive use.
Distributional Implications of Alternative U.S. Greenhouse Gas Control Measures
Authors: Rausch Sebastian , Metcalf Gilbert E. , Reilly John M , Paltsev Sergey 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
We analyze the distributional and efficiency impacts of different allowance allocation schemes motivated by recently proposed U.S. climate legislation for a national cap and trade system using a new dynamic computable general equilibrium model of the U.S. economy. The USREP model tracks nine different income groups and twelve different geographic regions within the U.S. We find that the allocation schemes in all proposals are progressive over the lower half of the income distribution and proportional in the upper half of the income distribution. Scenarios based on the Cantwell-Collins allocation proposal are less progressive in early years and have lower welfare costs due to smaller redistribution to low income households and, consequently, lower income-induced increases in energy demand and less savings and investment. Scenarios based on the three other allocation schemes tend to overcompensate some adversely affected income groups and regions in early years, but this dissipates over time as the allowance allocation effect becomes weaker. Finally, we find that carbon pricing by itself (ignoring the return of carbon revenues through allowance allocations) is proportional to modestly progressive. This striking result follows from the dominance of the sources over uses side impacts of the policy and stands in sharp contrast to previous work that has focused only on the uses side. The main reason is that lower income households derive a large fraction of income from government transfers, and we hold the transfers constant in real terms, reflecting the fact that transfers are generally indexed to inflation. As a result, this source of income is unaffected by carbon pricing while wage and capital income is affected.