bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unearthing of the Time of Emplacement of the Sillai Patti Carbonatite, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan: Constraints from 206Pb/238U Zircon Dating
Authors: Nimat Ullah Khattak  , Y.X. Zhu  , C.Q. Ma  , L.X. Wang  , W. Wang  
Published: February 2025

The Sillai Patti carbonatite complex constitutes the second largest carbonatite complex of the Peshawar Plain Alkaline Igneous Province of northern Pakistan. It is located about 20 km west of Malakand, near Sillai Patti village. Here, the carbonatite occurs as intrusion along a fault in the form of a sheet striking in the NNE-SSW direction and dipping towards south. The carbonatite body is about 12 km in length and 2-20 m in thickness. The carbonatite sheet is emplaced either within the metasediments or along the faulted contact of metasediments and granite gneiss. Petrogenic, geochronological and tectonic history of this complex has been poorly understood so far. Therefore, 206Pb-238U dating study on zircon samples was conducted on the complex for the first time for resolving these critical issues.

A 206Pb - 238U age of 85.7 ± 0.9 Ma was obtained on zircon crystals from the carbonatite samples of the complex by using Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). This newly determined high temperature age of 85.7 ± 0.9 Ma is substantially higher than the low temperature K-Ar Biotite age of 31 ± 2 Ma of Le Bas et al. (1987), Fission Track Zircon age of 32.1 ± 1.9 Ma of Qureshi et.al. (1991) and Fission Track Apatite age of 29.40 ± 1.49 Ma of Khattak et al. (2012). This age of 85.7 ± 0.9 Ma is similar with the Ar-Ar age of 80 Ma on Phlogopite from a group 1 carbonatite of the Waziristan Ophiolite Complex (WOC) of Badshah et al. (2003), found at the Pakistan-Afghanistan border, about 244 Km SW of Peshawar in Waziristan Agency. Close resemblance of the 206Pb-238U age of zircon from the Sillai Patti carbonatite with the Ar-Ar age on phlogopite from the carbonatites intruding the WOC clearly indicates that carbonatite and alkaline magmatism may have taken place on a much wider range extending from the Silla Patti area in the north up to Waziristan Agency near Pakistan Afghanistan border in the west of Bannu District during the Late Cretaceous, when the leading northern and western margins of the Indian plate were obducted by the ophiolite complexes.

Close resemblance of the fission-track and K-Ar ages of the Sillai Patti carbonatite with the fission-track and K-Ar ages from the neighboring carbonatite complexes of the alkaline belt of northern Pakistan suggests rapid uplift of the Sillai Patti carbonatite complex to higher crustal level during Oligocene time and subsequent extremely fast cooling to near ambient temperatures (< 60°C) required for the complete retention of fission tracks in apatite.
DETERMINE THE SEX OF PAPAYA AT EARLY STAGE OF THE PLANT USING CATEGORICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: OLARINOYE, S.B  , ZUBBAIR O.R  
Published: February 2025

The research work study papaya plant sex using the two sex categories of male and female. The study tried to fit a model that can be used to detect the sex of the plant early stage using binary logistic regression. A sample size of one hundred and twenty seven was obtained by observation and experiment methods. The variables considered are Colour(x1), Fruit Production(x2), Leaf branches number(x3), Stem length before flowering(x4), Seed Coat Colour(x5), weight(x6) and leaf colour(x7). The Analysis was done using Logistic regression with application of model selection criteria and the variables selected for the model are are Colour(x1), Leaf branches number(x3), Stem length before flowering(x4), Seed Coat Colour(x5) and the model for the classification is.
An All‐in‐One Nano‐Biomimetic Polyamidoamine Dendrimer Platform for Treatment of CRKP Pneumonia
Authors: Duan Shuxian , Li Hanqing , Wang Fei , Li Lixia , Fan Huizhen , Ma Yingying , Yu Qiang , Wei Li , Wu Mei X. , Mao Yanfei , Lu Min 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPolymyxin B (PMB) is often considered as the last line of defense for treating carbapenem‐resistantKlebsiella pneumoniae(CRKP). However, its efficacy is hindered by limited penetration across the blood‐air barrier in the lung due to its low lipid solubility. To simultaneously increase PMB in epithelial lining fluid while suppressing the excessive inflammatory response in the lung, a novel nano‐biomimetic system “Siv‐PMB@G4@MM” is designed and fabricated by encapsulating PMB‐ and anti‐inflammatory Sivelestat (Siv)‐loaded G4 PAMAM dendrimers with macrophage membranes (MM). The Siv‐PMB@G4@MM displayed a superior acidic pH‐responsive release property and can target inflamed lung tissues, greatly increasing the concentrations of PMB and Siv at the infection site. Compared with free drugs, Siv‐PMB@G4@MM demonstrated superior synergistic antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory activities. Moreover, due to the ability of MM to sequester lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and some pro‐inflammatory cytokines, Siv‐PMB@G4@MM further enhanced the anti‐inflammatory potential of Siv. In mouse models of LPS‐induced acute lung injury, pulmonary bacterial infection, and sepsis‐induced pneumonia, Siv‐PMB@G4@MM significantly reduced inflammatory responses and/or bacterial burdens, mitigated neutrophil infiltration and pulmonary edema, and decreased neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) secretion. The highly improved biocompatibility and efficiency of the multifunctional Siv‐PMB@G4@MM presents a promising strategy for the clinical treatment of antibiotic‐resistant bacterial pneumonia.
Grid Efferocytosis via Near‐Field Electrostatic Printing Rectifies Skin Immunity
Authors: Li Minxiong , Li Xiaoxiao , Wang Juan , Xia Wenzheng , Bao Luhan , Huang Xin , Mao Jiayi , Zhao Yun , Li Qingfeng , Cui Wenguo , Zan Tao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEfferocytosis, by phagocytosing and processing apoptotic cells in injured skin, directly influences the immune microenvironment. However, the comprehensive widespread inflammation and disrupted efferocytosis in injured skin cannot be effectively halted. Herein, “Grid Efferocytosis” strategy within injury site is proposed, which segments the inflammation regulatory into grid microdomains, and further rectifies intra‐grid immune microenvironment to accelerate tissue repair. GelMA/PLA/Laponite gridded fiber membranes (GPL) are custom‐designed via near‐field electrostatic printing, and then coated with HAMA‐PBA/EGCG hydrogel by photo‐crosslinking and dynamic borate bonding to form a composite fiber membrane (GPL‐E). Gridded modulation via GPL‐E confines the entire chaotic inflammatory microenvironment into controllable microinflammatory niches. Leveraging the hydrogel coating and boronic ester bond dissociation induced by microenvironmental glucose and reactive oxygen species, GPL‐E achieves dynamic anti‐glucose and anti‐oxidation within microdomains, reconstructing macrophage efferocytosis. Notably, the “grid efferocytosis” recruits repair cells into the grid by magnesium ion release triggered by Laponite exposure on fibers, and enhances endothelial cell vascularization by ≈2.5‐fold. In a mouse diabetic ischemic flap model, implantation of grid GPL‐E maintains flap‐to‐base fusion, attenuates inflammatory infiltration & spread, and improves blood perfusion for flap survival. This study demonstrates that “Grid Efferocytosis” rectifies the immune microenvironment, fostering tissue repair and regeneration.
Conductive Bio‐based Hydrogel for Wearable Electrodes via Direct Ink Writing on Skin
Authors: Chen Jia Xi Mary , Chen Tianhao , Zhang Yixin , Fang Weiqing , Li Wenxuan Evelyn , Li Terek , Popovic Milos R. , Naguib Hani E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNon‐invasive electrodes for recording and delivering electric signals to the human body are crucial for health monitoring and rehabilitation applications. However, high‐fidelity signal recording or delivery with epidermal electrodes remains a challenge due to the need for shape customization, to account for the variance of body morphology among individuals, and the need for conformal contact, to accommodate creviced skin surfaces, intricate curves, and moving bodies. In this study, a conductive and self‐adhesive hydrogel for direct ink writing of wearable electrodes on the skin is presented, utilizing physical cross‐linking mechanisms between bio‐based polymers. With a fast gelation time and a facile fabrication method, the printed hydrogel achieves a 0.40 mm resolution via handheld 3D printers. Compared with silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) coated gel electrode standards, the hydrogel electrode formed in situ achieves a higher signal‐to‐noise ratio by 88%, for the monitoring of forearm muscle biopotential and decreases the required current from 3.5 to 2.25 mA, for the functional electrical stimulation for eye closure. The lowered contact impedance of the hydrogel electrode is attributed to its sol–gel transition in situ on the skin, demonstrating its potential to enable future healthcare applications with improved personalization, efficiency, and comfort.
Untethered, Dynamic Robotic Fabrics Enabled by Actively‐Rigid Variable Stiffness Fibers
Authors: Buckner Trevor L. , Huang Xiaonan , Kramer‐Bottiglio Rebecca 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA robot that uses fabrics as its core body material can be lightweight, compact, and highly flexible. Ideally, the robot's actuation, sensing, and structural support are provided by fiber‐based components, designed to integrate with the fabric's soft and conformable nature while preserving its fiber architecture. Typically, variable stiffness fibers are used for the structural elements, functioning as “bones” that can be turned on and off as needed. However, many variable stiffness fibers are passively‐rigid, only allowing the fabric to become soft when powered, while some require bulky external air or power supplies, making them untenable for untethered robotics. In this work, an electrically‐driven variable stiffness fiber is presented that performs a flat‐to‐curved geometry transition, providing a rigid load‐bearing structure when powered but remaining flexible otherwise. Design principles for pairing the actively‐rigid variable stiffness fiber with a materially compatible fiber‐based actuator are presented, and the actuator performance in different configurations is characterized. The variable stiffness fiber can be arranged into sturdy legs, stable enough for a robotic fabric to lift and hold its own battery pack and onboard electronics. This capability is demonstrated with a first‐of‐its‐kind fully‐untethered locomoting robotic fabric using two different quadruped gaits.
Built‐in Electric Field in Yolk Shell CuO‐Co3O4@Co3O4 with Modulated Interfacial Charge to Facilitate Hydrogen Production from Ammonia Borane Methanolysis Under Visible Light
Authors: Li Yuanzhong , Liao Jinyun , Feng Yufa , Li Junhao , Liu Quanbing , Zhou Weiyou , He Mingyang , Li Hao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDeveloping highly efficient and low‐cost catalysts is an endless challenge in the field of producing H2 from ammonia borane (AB). Herein, the manufacture of yolk‐shell CuO‐Co3O4@Co3O4 nanocomposites are reported by using Cu2O@CuO as a template, in which CuO‐Co3O4 is encapsulated into the Co3O4 hollow nanocubes. Due to the unique morphology and built‐in electric field (BIEF) induced by the CuO‐Co3O4 interface, the CuO‐Co3O4@Co3O4 nanocomposites display remarkable catalytic activity in AB methanolysis. The turnover frequency (TOF) is 24.8 min‐1 in the absence of light and significantly increases to 33.9 min‐1 when exposed to visible light. The experimental and theoretical calculations demonstrate that charge migration from CuO to Co3O4 results in the formation of dual active sites (Cu and Co sites) in charge of adsorption and activation of CH3OH and AB, respectively. Visible light‐induced acceleration is likely caused by type‐II heterojunction, which allows a large number of photogenerated electrons to accumulate in the CuO conduction band. This effectively activates the adsorbed CH3OH on the Cu site, rendering it easier to break the O−H bond. A plausible reaction mechanism involved the activation of the O−H bond of CH3OH, as the RDS is proposed according to the FT‐IR and kinetic isotope effect (KIE) experiments. This work offers an avenue to rationally design high‐performance yolk‐shell catalyst for rapid hydrogen production from AB methanolysis reaction under visible light.
Advanced Redox Electrochemical Capacitor Diode (CAPode) Based on Parkerite (Ni3Bi2S2) with High Rectification Ratio for Iontronic Applications
Authors: Bahrawy Ahmed , Galek Przemyslaw , Gellrich Christin , Grothe Julia , Kaskel Stefan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecently, electrochemical capacitor diodes (CAPodes) have been introduced as a new type of capacitive diode analogues. This device realizes unidirectional charging of ultracapacitors based on ion sieving mechanisms. Here, a new redox CAPode system is presented in which hydroxide ions react with nickel bismuth sulfide on nickel foam as a battery‐like electrode. This redox reaction leads to a high capacitance in a specific polarization window. However, for reversed bias this Faradaic electrode becomes inactive as it does not react with potassium cations, resulting in efficient blocking. By adapting counter electrode materials, mass loading, utilized substrates, and electrolyte concentrations a very high rectification ratio (RI = 37 and RII = 0.96 at 10 mV s−1) is achieved, significantly surpassing the performance of other reported redox‐type CAPodes. Moreover, this system shows an outstanding long‐term stability of a rectification retention of 90% for RII over 5000 repolarization cycles. Additionally, operando electrochemical measurements provide deep insights into the charge/discharge mechanism leading to a rationalization of the proposed concept. The integrated device, tested in logic gate circuits such as AND and OR gates, shows prospective results in ionologic applications.
High‐Resolution Carbon‐Based Tactile Sensor Array for Dynamic Pulse Imaging
Authors: Tian Xin , Cheng Guanyin , Wu Zhonghuai , Wen Xudong , Kong Yongkang , Long Pan , Zhao Fubang , Li Zhongxiang , Zhang Dong , Hu Yonghe , Wei Dapeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWith the development of modern medicine, the importance of continuous and reliable pulse wave monitoring has increased significantly in physiological evaluation and disease diagnosis. Among them, the 3D reconstruction of the pulse wave is indispensable, and needs rely on ultra‐high resolution sensor arrays, that is, high spatial resolution, temporal resolution, and force resolution. Herein, a flexible high‐density 32 × 32 tactile sensor array based on pressure‐sensitive tunneling mechanism is develpoed. Conformal graphene nanowalls (GNWs) pattern arrays are deposited on micro‐pyramidal structural Si substrate via mask‐assisted plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) method and are adopted as pressure‐sensitive electrode, exhibiting a spatial resolution of 64 dots/cm2, high sensitivity (222.36 kPa−1) and short response time (2 ms). More importantly, HfO2 tunneling layer can effectively suppress noise current, which made it sense weak pressure signals with 1/1000 force resolution and SNR of 36.32 dB. By leveraging its high‐resolution array, more holistic pulse signals are acquired and the 3D shape of the pulse wave are successfully replicated. This work shows high‐resolution sensors have significant promise for applications in remote intelligent diagnostics.
Insight into TaSi2 Nanostructures with Different Morphologies and Their Field Emission Properties
Authors: Su Haijun , Guo Yinuo , Yang Xinyu , Liu Congcong , Li Xiang , Jiang Hao , Yu Minghui , Fan Huichao , Guo Min , Zhang Zhuo , Ren Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecognizing the strong potential of cold cathodes for important commercial applications in fields such as electronics, there is a growing interest in the exploration of novel 1D nanomaterials. Among various cold cathode materials, TaSi2 is of great interest for its outstanding field emission performance. In this work, the Si‐TaSi2 eutectic composite with nano‐sized highly oriented TaSi2 fibers and semi‐coherent phase interfaces is prepared by the laser floating zone melting technique with a very high‐temperature gradient of 6000 K cm−1 at a solidification rate of 200 µm s−1. On the basis of directionally solidified Si‐TaSi2 eutectic composite, well‐aligned TaSi2 nanorod and nanotip arrays are fabricated by inductively coupling plasma (ICP) etching process and HNO3/HF wet etching process, respectively. The field emission measurements show that the field enhancement factor, turn‐on electric field, and effective work function are strongly affected by tip morphologies. The TaSi2 array with regular nanotip structure possesses the best field emission characteristic among all TaSi2 nanostructures, with a relatively low turn‐on field of 4.8 V µm−1 and a high current density of 733 µA cm−2. These findings preliminarily establish a clear relationship between the performance and structure of the array, providing technical guidance for the application of this material in electronic devices.
Direct Current Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on Contact Electrification, Air Breakdown, Electrostatic Induction, and Charge Leakage for Self‐powered Applications
Authors: Gong Shaokun , Xiong Ziyang , Deng Yu , Xiao Yang , Guo Ruilong , He Wencong , Guo Hengyu , Chen Jie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDiverging from air breakdown‐based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), recent TENG designs present high output power density without requiring precise control over discharge channels. However, existing researches predominantly ascribe its direct current output to electrostatic induction, disregarding the critical factor of charge leakage. This oversight hampers efforts to improve device performance, especially in material selection and optimization. Here, the generation of direct current signals ultimately stems from material charge leakage and spatial electrostatic induction is illustrated. Through theoretical analysis, visualization, and experimental measurement of four phenomena in the device, a quadruple‐effect mechanoelectrical conversion mechanism is established to refine the material selection rule. Under this guideline, the output power density is increased by 34.42% in contrast to the electrostatic induction direct current TENG. For practical applications, a power management circuit is utilized to boost the device's charging rate by up to 18 times. Furthermore, the high voltage of the device can activate discharge‐type UV tubes, demonstrating great potential in developing self‐powered wastewater treatment systems. The multiple charge behaviors proposed in this work, along with the material selection rule, lay a solid foundation for achieving high output power density in direct current TENGs.
Isomeric Engineering of Organic Luminophores for Multicolor Room Temperature Phosphorescence Including Red Afterglow
Authors: Guo Wu‐Jie , Yan Shirong , Chen Lei , Qiao Lu , Xu Shihao , Qi Tongfei , Liu Bin , Peng Hui‐Qing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractManipulating and optimizing the room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) behavior of organic luminophores is highly desirable for exploring their extensive potential applications. However, achieving tailored and precise control over RTP emission colors remains a challenging task. Herein, three regioisomers, namely o‐Br, m‐Br, and p‐Br, are developed by directly bonding the nitrogen atom of commercial carbazole and the sulfur atom of the sulfonylbenzene group. This design not only features the bromine substitution at different positions but also leads to the formation of N─S═O resonance linkages. With the variation in position of bromine from ortho to para, the RTP color changes from yellow to red. Experimental investigations and theoretical calculations demonstrate that this color variation arises from the modulation of contributions from different canonical forms of N─S═O, which can be attributed to the regioisomerization of bromine atoms for fine‐tuning intra‐ and intermolecular interactions. Additionally, the in vitro cell imaging is successfully realized by employing red RTP nanoparticles prepared from the p‐Br luminophore. This study reveals a simple and effective approach for customizing RTP emission colors through the integration of isomerization and resonance variation control.
Rape Pollen‐Based Composite Sorbent with Thermo‐Responsive and Photothermal Properties for Atmospheric Water Harvesting
Authors: Zheng Xu , Ma Qianling , Wan Tinghao , Wang Weining , Pan Quanwen , Wang Ruzhu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSorption‐based atmospheric water harvesting (SAWH) has great potential for clean water acquisition and renewable energy use. Adsorption and desorption properties of sorbents play a crucial role in SAWH systems. However, most sorbents with high adsorption capacities are hindered by either slow sorption/desorption kinetics or poor regeneration performance. Here, a highly efficient block copolymer composite sorbent with dual functions of thermo‐responsive and photothermal properties is designed based on rape pollens. This sorbent has a hierarchical porous structure, in which the outermost layer of poly‐pyrrole enables it to convert light energy into heat and the second layer of poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) imparts thermo‐responsive properties to improve the desorption ability. Meanwhile, confined LiCl improves its sorption capacity and cavities of the pollen can store captured moisture to avoid liquid leakage. This sorbent can sorb moisture to more than 144% of its own weight within 3 h under 20 °C&80% relative humidity (RH) and 82% of captured water can be released within 0.5 h under 1 sun. The water harvester using this sorbent can realize an exceptional water productivity of up to 2.21gwater gsorbent−1 day−1 only by three continuous water adsorption‐desorption cycles in a day. The high‐performance sorbent smooths the path for efficiently extracting water from the atmosphere to tackle water scarcity.
Single‐Atom Cobalt Catalyst Boosting Reaction Kinetics in Li–Organosulfur Battery
Authors: Wang Xiaoqin , Sun Wenxuan , Lv Xucheng , Guo Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOrganosulfur compounds are regarded as a kind of prospective cathode materials for lithium batteries due to their high theoretical specific capacity. However, they still suffer from the issues of sluggish redox kinetics and low utilization. The rational design of the cathode host for effectively confining active materials and accelerating the sluggish sulfur kinetics is an effective strategy. Herein, the study synthesizes an atomic‐scale single‐atom cobalt catalyst and interweave it with CNTs to fabricate an ideal host material (donated as CoSANC@CNTs) for the cathode in Li–PTS batteries. Electrochemical measurements reveal that CoSANC not only efficiently accelerates the redox kinetics in the whole reaction process but also shows excellent adsorption capacity, which is corroborated by the theoretical calculation results as well. As excepted, the Li–PTS battery equipped with CoSANC@CNTs electrode delivers an outstanding long cycling stability with a high initial specific capacity of 550.2 mAh g−1 and a slow capacity decay rate of 0.05% per cycle over 700 cycles at 1 C. Even under a high PTS loading of 8.6 mg cm−2, the PTS/CoSANC@CNTs cathode is still maintained with an excellent capacity retention of 91.1% at 0.1 C after 50 cycles.