bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the determinants of oral health care uptake among women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A qualitative study to develop a logic model and framework for an oral health intervention
Authors: Kristensen Camilla Böhme , Forbes Angus , Asimakopoulou Koula , Ide Mark 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition of glucose intolerance in pregnancy. Oral health has been shown to mediate blood glucose management and pregnancy outcomes. There is also a greater prevalence of poor oral health in GDM pregnancies when compared to normoglycemic pregnancies. While current guidelines recommend an oral health review as part of diabetes and pregnancy management, it is under‐considered in GDM care. Hence, it is important to understand how to improve oral health care in this context.AimTo explore the determinants of oral health care uptake among women with GDM to develop a logic model for an intervention to improve awareness and activation of oral health behaviours in this population.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were used to collect the data and the Theoretical Domains Framework inspired the interview guide. The study population consisted of UK‐based women with GDM over 18 years of age. The data were analysed with Framework Analysis and the COM‐B Model was used to orientate the data.ResultsSeventeen women participated in the study. Five themes including knowledge about oral health; the health of the baby; the impact of the GDM diagnosis; social support and barriers and facilitators were found to influence the uptake of oral health care.ConclusionsThis study developed an evidence‐based logic model of the determinants of oral health care uptake among women with GDM. This will serve as a framework for developing an oral health intervention. This study may be the starting point for initiating conversations about implementing oral health care in GDM management.
Interactions between age, sex and visceral adipose tissue on brain ageing
Authors: Moran Chris , Herson Jarin , Than Stephanie , Collyer Taya , Beare Richard , Syed Sarah , Srikanth Velandai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimTo examine the associations between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and brain structural measures at midlife and explore how these associations may be affected by age, sex and cardiometabolic factors.MethodsWe used abdominal and brain magnetic resonance imaging data from a population‐based cohort of people at midlife in the UK Biobank. Regression modelling was applied to study associations of VAT volume with total brain volume (TBV), grey matter volume (GMV), white matter volume, white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV) and total hippocampal volume (THV), and whether these associations were altered by age, sex or cardiometabolic factors.ResultsComplete data were available for 17 377 participants (mean age 63 years, standard deviation = 12, 53% female). Greater VAT was associated with lower TBV, GMV and THV (P < .001). We found an interaction between VAT and sex on TBV (P < .001), such that the negative association of VAT with TBV was greater in men (β = −2.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] −2.32 to −10.15) than in women (β = −1.32, 95% CI −0.49 to −3.14), with similar findings for GMV. We also found an interaction between VAT and age (but not sex) on WMHV (P < .001). The addition of other cardiometabolic factors or measures of physical activity resulted in little change to the models.ConclusionsVAT volume is associated with poorer brain health in midlife and this relationship is greatest in men and those at younger ages.
Realization of high transparent mobility zinc‐doped indium oxide (IZO) thin films by RF‐magnetron sputtering
Authors: Han Bingxue , Wang Zhijun , Chen Lijia , Wu Bin , Chen Chongyang , Sun Benshuang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractZinc‐doped indium oxide (IZO) thin films were deposited on silicon dioxide substrates by radio‐frequency magnetron sputtering using an IZO ceramic target with In2O3/ZnO weight ratio of 9:1. The effects of power, pressure, and distance between target and substrate on microstructure and photoelectric properties of IZO films were investigated. The results show the performance of IZO films prepared under the conditions of power 80 W, air pressure .5 Pa, and target base distance 80 mm are the best, and the IZO films are amorphous with high transmittance (>86.0%), high mobility (>45.0 cm2/V s), and low resistivity (less than 2.0 × 10−4 Ω cm), which are the best photoelectric performance reported at present. This work provides a feasible research approach for preparing high‐performance IZO thin films.
Facile construction of porous epoxy resin/geopolymer composites using red mud and slag by well‐distributed dual‐blending
Authors: Bai Chengying , Zheng Kankan , Wang Bin , Li Bozhi , Sun Gaohui , Li Xinyu , Wang Xiaodong , Qiao Yingjie , Colombo Paolo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPorous geopolymer composite (E51) reinforced by E51 epoxy resin was prepared by well‐distributed dual‐blending using red mud, metakaolin, and slag as raw materials. The effects of E51 content on microstructure, porosity, mechanical properties, and thermal insulation properties of the porous composites were investigated. The addition of E51 changed the setting time and viscosity of the slurry with high content of solid wastes (80%), which play an important role in the formation of pores during the direct foaming process. The addition of E51 had great influence on the porous properties of geopolymer composites, which in turn affected their compressive strength (0.19–1.44 MPa) and thermal conductivity (0.09–0.12 W/mK). The addition of E51 enabled the production of geopolymer composites in a rather large range of total porosity (67.3–81.1 vol%), with an optimal sample possessing a total porosity of up to 78.7 vol%, a thermal conductivity of 0.086 W/mK, and a compression strength of 0.47 MPa.
Hematological cytomorphology: Where we are
Authors: Zini G. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe manuscript discusses the historical evolution of observing blood cell morphology under an optical microscope, from the earliest microscopes in the 17th century to the modern digital era, highlighting key advancements and contributions in the field. Blood has historically held symbolic importance in various cultures, with early medical observations dating back to Hippocrates and Galeno. The discovery of cells and subsequent advancements in microscopy by scientists like Hooke and van Leeuwenhoek paved the way for understanding blood cell morphology. Influential figures such as Hewson, Donné, and Ehrlich followed. Diagnostic cytology evolved from manual cell counting to the development of automated hematological systems. Automated complete blood counting came to support microscopic examination in diagnosing hematological disorders. Morphology is crucial in predicting disease outcomes and guiding treatment decisions, particularly hematological neoplasms. The introduction of flow cytometry and its integration with traditional morphological analysis and the new cytogenetic and molecular techniques revolutionized the classification and prognostication of hematologic disorders. Digital microscopy has emerged as a powerful tool in recent years, offering rapid acquisition and sharing of blood cell images. Integrating Artificial Intelligence with digital microscopy has further enhanced morphological analysis, improving diagnostic efficiency. We also discuss the prospects of AI in pre‐classifying blood cells in bone marrow aspirate samples, potentially revolutionizing diagnostic pathways for hematologic diseases. Overall, the manuscript provides a comprehensive overview of the historical development, clinical significance and technological advancements in observing blood cell morphology, underscoring its continued relevance in modern hematology practice.
Ugandan women and sex trafficking in Istanbul
Authors: Coşkun Emel , Williams Lucy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper demonstrates how the social construction of gender shapes women's migration choices and post‐migration experience using the example of Ugandan women migrants in Istanbul, Türkiye. Building on an ethnographic case study, we reveal how Ugandan women negotiate and find agency within oppressive structures that force them into debt, into “illegality”, and limit their opportunities for safe and dignified work. Our discussion critiques international regulations – the Palermo Protocol – and local structures including the Istanbul Police and Turkish policy on migration and prostitution. We show the complexity of relationships that impact women's lives and show how institutions fail to protect women leaving them vulnerable to harassment and sexual violence. We reflect on the experience of women of colour in Istanbul, simultaneously visible on the street yet invisible in voice and agency. Our work highlights the importance of an intersectional lens in the study of migration, il/legality, workplace abuse and trafficking into prostitution. It has broad implications for understanding how gender, class and racialization define migrants' options for mobility and self‐determination.
Environmental protection tax and trade credit: Evidence from China
Authors: Lu Xueyao , Cheng Lin , Niu Yuhao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study investigates how the introduction of China's Environmental Protection Tax Law impacts firms' trade credit taking Chinese A‐share listed companies from 2013 to 2020 as the research sample. Since introducing the Environmental Protection Tax Law, the trade credit of pollution‐intensive firms has increased significantly. Following the mechanism test, the environmental fee‐to‐tax reform forces firms to improve their green innovation level and reduce their risk of environmental violations, which protects the suppliers' interests and increases the willingness of suppliers to provide trade credit for these firms. Further analysis shows that when the firm's market power is relatively higher, the regional judicial environment is better, the regional intensity of tax collection is higher and the effect of environmental fee‐to‐tax reform on the firm's trade credit is strong. Our results contribute to the literature regarding the impact of environmental regulations on firms from the perspective of trade credit, and we provide a new perspective and empirical evidence to support Porter's win‐win hypothesis further.
The potential role of brain renin‐angiotensin system in the neuropathology of Parkinson disease: Friend, foe or turncoat?
Authors: Al‐Qahtani Zainah , Al‐kuraishy Hayder M. , Al‐Gareeb Ali I. , Albuhadily Ali K. , Ali Naif H. , Alexiou Athanasios , Papadakis Marios , Saad Hebatallah M. , Batiha Gaber El‐Saber 
Published: June 2024

AbstractParkinson disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases of the brain. Of note, brain renin‐angiotensin system (RAS) is intricate in the PD neuropathology through modulation of oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation. Therefore, modulation of brain RAS by angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) may be effective in reducing the risk and PD neuropathology. It has been shown that all components including the peptides and enzymes of the RAS are present in the different brain areas. Brain RAS plays a critical role in the regulation of memory and cognitive function, and in the controlling of central blood pressure. However, exaggerated brain RAS is implicated in the pathogenesis of different neurodegenerative diseases including PD. Two well‐known pathways of brain RAS are recognized including; the classical pathway which is mainly mediated by AngII/AT1R has detrimental effects. Conversely, the non‐classical pathway which is mostly mediated by ACE2/Ang1‐7/MASR and AngII/AT2R has beneficial effects against PD neuropathology. Exaggerated brain RAS affects the viability of dopaminergic neurons. However, the fundamental mechanism of brain RAS in PD neuropathology was not fully elucidated. Consequently, the purpose of this review is to disclose the mechanistic role of RAS in in the pathogenesis of PD. In addition, we try to revise how the ACEIs and ARBs can be developed for therapeutics in PD.
Comparative pathogenicity and histopathological analysis of Edwardsiella anguillarum intraperitoneal infection in milkfish (Chanos chanos), Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer)
Authors: Rahmawaty Atiek , Cheng Li‐Wu , Wang Pei‐Chi , Chen Shih‐Chu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEdwardsiella anguillarum, a highly virulent species within the Edwardsiella genus, causes significant mortality in milkfish farms in Taiwan. This study aimed to investigate the comparison of milkfish susceptibility, a newly identified host species in Taiwanese aquaculture, with other species Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer), to E. anguillarum, elucidating its pathogenicity across both seawater and freshwater aquaculture environments. The results showed milkfish exhibited the highest mortality rate of 85% within 48 h of infection, whereas Nile tilapia exhibited a mortality rate of 70% between the second‐ and tenth‐day post challenge, and seabass exhibited a mortality rate of 25% between the second‐ and sixth‐day post challenge. Gross lesions observed in milkfish included splenomegaly and haemorrhage, whereas Nile tilapia exhibited signs of ascites, exophthalmia and brain haemorrhage. Seabass displayed spleen granulomas and haemorrhage at the injection site. Histopathological analysis revealed common features across all three species, including multifocal necrosis, bacterial presence in the necrotic areas, serositis and oedema. Asian seabass also exhibited chronic lesions in the form of splenic granulomas. This study highlights the high susceptibility of milkfish and Nile tilapia to E. anguillarum, emphasizing the urgent need for further investigation into targeted vaccine development for these fish species. These results not only deepen our understanding of the differing levels of pathogenicity among the three species but also offer valuable insights for improving disease prevention and management strategies in aquaculture, including those applied within polyculture systems and for the maintenance of aquaculture water environments.
MRI for hepatocellular carcinoma and the role of abbreviated MRI for surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Maung Soe Thiha , Tanpowpong Natthaporn , Satja Minchanat , Treeprasertsuk Sombat , Chaiteerakij Roongruedee 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) constitutes the majority of liver cancers and significantly impacts global cancer mortality. While ultrasound (US) with or without alpha‐fetoprotein is the mainstay for HCC surveillance, its limitations highlight the necessity for more effective surveillance tools. Therefore, this review explores evolving imaging modalities and abbreviated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (AMRI) protocols as promising alternatives, addressing challenges in HCC surveillance.Areas CoveredThis comprehensive review delves into the evaluation and challenges of HCC surveillance tools, focusing on non‐contrast abbreviated MRI (NC‐AMRI) and contrast‐enhanced abbreviated MRI protocols. It covers the implementation of AMRI for HCC surveillance, patient preferences, adherence, and strategies for optimizing cost‐effectiveness. Additionally, the article provides insights into prospects for HCC surveillance by summarizing meta‐analyses, prospective studies, and ongoing clinical trials evaluating AMRI protocols.Expert OpinionThe opinions underscore the transformative impact of AMRI on HCC surveillance, especially in overcoming US limitations. Promising results from NC‐AMRI protocols indicate its potential for high‐risk patient surveillance, though prospective studies in true surveillance settings are essential for validation. Future research should prioritize risk‐stratified AMRI protocols and address cost‐effectiveness for broader clinical implementation, alongside comparative analyses with US for optimal surveillance strategies.
Oligodendroglia and myelin pathology in fragile X syndrome
Authors: Hourani Shaima , Pouladi Mahmoud A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStudies of the pathophysiology of fragile X syndrome (FXS) have predominantly focused on synaptic and neuronal disruptions in the disease. However, emerging studies highlight the consistency of white matter abnormalities in the disorder. Recent investigations using animal models of FXS have suggested a role for the fragile X translational regulator 1 protein (FMRP) in the development and function of oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the central nervous system. These studies are starting to uncover FMRP's involvement in the regulation of myelin‐related genes, such as myelin basic protein, and its influence on the maturation and functionality of oligodendrocyte precursor cells and oligodendrocytes. Here, we consider evidence of white matter abnormalities in FXS, review our current understanding of FMRP's role in oligodendrocyte development and function, and highlight gaps in our knowledge of the pathogenic mechanisms that may contribute to white matter abnormalities in FXS. Addressing these gaps may help identify new therapeutic strategies aimed at enhancing outcomes for individuals affected by FXS.image
The Influence of Emotional Facial Expression Intensity on Decoding Accuracy: High Intensity Does Not Yield High Accuracy
Authors: Shimizu Yunoshin , Ogawa Kazumi , Kimura Masanori , Fujiwara Ken , Watanabe Nobuyuki 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study examined the relationship between the intensity of emotional expressions in facial stimuli and receivers' decoding accuracy for six basic emotions: anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise. A laboratory experiment was conducted using the forced‐choice method, in which the intensity of each stimulus was manipulated at every 10% interval using the morphing technique. To explore whether a linear relationship would be observed when the intensity was finely manipulated at 10% intervals, a hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed. The mean percentage of correct responses for each stimulus was the dependent variable, and the linear, quadratic, and cubic terms of the stimulus intensity were the independent variables. The results showed that the linear model was not adopted as the final model for all facial expressions; that is, the effect of the squared term of intensity was significant for anger, disgust, fear, and sadness, while the effect of the cubic term of intensity was significant for happiness and surprise. Our findings indicate that a higher intensity of emotional expression does not yield higher decoding accuracy.
Comparison of an injectable toltrazuril–gleptoferron and an oral toltrazuril + injectable gleptoferron in piglets: Hematinic activities and pharmacokinetics
Authors: Karembe Hamadi , Geneteau Anne , Lacoste Sandrine , Varinot Nathalie , Magnier Reynald , Coussanes Evelyne , Lopez Santiago , Sperling Daniel , Peyrou Mathieu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIron deficiency anemia (IDA) and cystoisosporosis are the most common clinical conditions of fast‐growing piglets. Until now, IDA and cystoisosporosis have been managed by intramuscular injection of iron complexes (such as dextran or gleptoferron) and oral administration of toltrazuril. Recently, a new combination product containing toltrazuril and gleptoferron for intramuscular application (Forceris®) has been registered. The objective of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetic profiles of toltrazuril and its main metabolite, toltrazuril sulfone, following a single oral (Baycox®) or intramuscular (Forceris®, a toltrazuril‐iron combination product) administration at 20 mg/kg to young suckling piglets. The orally treated piglets were also supplemented with iron (Gleptosil®), and the hematinic activities were compared. Piglets in both groups received comparable doses. The peak concentration (Cmax) of toltrazuril after intramuscular administration was 11% lower than that after oral administration (p = .376). However, the exposure to toltrazuril (AUC) was significantly increased (40% higher) when toltrazuril was administered intramuscularly (p = .036). The Cmax and AUC values of the active metabolite, toltrazuril sulfone were 39% and 34% higher, respectively, after intramuscular administration (p = .007 and 0.008, respectively). Piglets in both groups were properly protected against IDA. In conclusion, a higher relative bioavailability of toltrazuril is observed when toltrazuril is administered intramuscularly.
Frailty in liver transplantation: Exploring prescribing exercise as medicine to improve patient outcomes
Authors: Harris Sara J. , Stine Jonathan G. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLiver transplantation (LT) represents a curative avenue for individuals with advanced chronic liver disease. Given the inherent illness severity of LT candidates, identifying patients at greater risk for adverse outcomes before and after transplantation is paramount. Approximately 50% of cirrhotic patients are frail and have considerable functional impairment. Various measures have been used to assess frailty, including performance‐based tests and functional status evaluations. Frailty carries significant prognostic implications and predicts both mortality and pre‐ and post‐LT complications. Contributing factors to frailty in this population include sarcopenia, malnutrition, inflammation, and psychosocial factors. Recognizing the prevalence of frailty among LT candidates, exercise interventions have been developed to improve physical frailty and offer potential to improve patient outcomes. While many interventions have demonstrated efficacy without notable adverse events, the absence of a universally accepted standard for exercise prescription underscores the variability in intervention elements and patient adherence. Given the safety profile of exercise interventions, there remains a critical need for standardized protocols and guidelines to optimize exercise regimens for LT candidates. This review delves into the landscape of frailty among LT candidates, elucidating its etiological underpinnings, impact on outcomes, utilization of exercise interventions, and the efficacy of exercise programs in reducing the burden frailty in those awaiting LT.