bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of flask closure method and post‐pressing time on the upper denture base adaptation
Authors: Lira Andréa F. , Consani Rafael L. X. , Mesquita Marcelo F. , Correr‐Sobrinho Lourenço , Sinhoreti Mario A. C. , Henriques Guilherme E. P. 
Published: July 2009

doi:10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2009.00307.x

Effect of flask closure method and post‐pressing time on the upper denture base adaptation Objectives:  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of flask‐closure methods, post‐pressing times and acrylic resins on denture base adaptation.Materials and methods:  The resins were flasked using a hydraulic press and closed with the traditional clamp or RS system. Conventional heat‐cure resin was polymerised immediately or at 6 h post‐pressing at 74°C for 9 h. Rapid cycle heat‐cure resin was polymerised in boiling water for 20 min. After cooling, the bases were deflasked and the sets of cast‐base transversally sectioned in the regions distal to the canine, mesial to the first molar and in the posterior palatal zone. The adaptation was measured with an optical microscope (0.0005 mm) at five reference points for each section. Data were analysed using anova and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).Results:  Traditional clamp and immediate post‐pressing time improved base adaptation for conventional heat‐cure resin. Both post‐pressing times showed most accurate base adaptation for conventional heat‐cure resin when the traditional clamp was used. Immediate post‐pressing time improved base adaptation for conventional heat‐cure resin and the 6‐h delay in time was significant for the rapid cycle heat‐cure resin.Conclusions:  Traditional clamp and immediate post‐pressing time improved base adaptation for conventional heat‐cure resin.
A Review of the Efficacy of the Self‐Management Model on Health Outcomes in Community‐Residing Older Adults with Arthritis
Authors: Nuñez Diane E. , Keller Colleen , Ananian Cheryl Der 
Published: July 2009

ABSTRACT Background: Chronic disease and disability have a significant impact on individuals, families, and society, resulting in limitations in personal care, premature loss of wages, higher mortality rates, and overall poor quality of life. Arthritis is a painful disease that limits physical activity, social functioning, and mental health and is hallmarked by an increasing prevalence in community‐dwelling older adults. Self‐management strategies reduce pain and disability while improving self‐efficacy and quality of life. Aims: The purpose of this review is to evaluate the efficacy of the self‐management program in adults with arthritis on the outcome of functional disability. Methods: Literature review. Search strategy included MEDLINE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library from 1985 to 2008 for studies using self‐management interventions. Results: Across studies of chronic disease, effect sizes were moderate for most variables. Subgroup ana‐ lyses for arthritis only demonstrated a greater magnitude of effect in variables related to functional health. Conclusions: While this review suggests small efficacy in the self‐management program, with improvement in certain cognitive‐behavioral markers for self‐management, the functional gains that can be achieved in a growing older adult population translate into a larger effect overall.
Dissection of LolB function – lipoprotein binding, membrane targeting and incorporation of lipoproteins into lipid bilayers
Authors: Tsukahara Jun , Mukaiyama Keita , Okuda Suguru , Narita Shin‐ichiro , Tokuda Hajime 
Published: July 2009

Escherichia coli cells express at least 90 species of lipoprotein. LolB is one of the essential outer membrane lipoproteins, being involved in the last step of lipoprotein sorting. It accepts lipoproteins from a periplasmic molecular chaperone, LolA, and mediates the outer membrane anchoring of lipoproteins through a largely unknown mechanism. It has been shown previously that a LolB derivative, mLolB, lacking an N‐terminal acyl chain, can bind lipoproteins. We examined how the lack of an N‐terminal anchor affects the outer membrane anchoring of lipoproteins. Surprisingly, mLolB compensates for LolB function and supports E. coli growth, indicating that the N‐terminal anchor is not essential for its function. Indeed, mLolB correctly localizes lipoproteins to either the inner or outer membrane depending on the sorting signal at the steady state. Furthermore, periplasmic mLolB enables the dissection of LolB function, namely lipoprotein binding, membrane targeting and lipoprotein anchoring. It mediates the transfer of lipoproteins from LolA to the outer membrane, but also the inner membrane and liposomes, indicating that mLolB exhibits no membrane preference and targets to phospholipids. Consequently, an outer membrane‐specific lipoprotein is transiently mislocalized to the inner membrane when cells express only mLolB. LolB anchored to the outer membrane does not cause such mislocalization and is more active than mLolB. Phosphatidylethanolamine has been found to stimulate the mLolB‐dependent membrane anchoring of lipoproteins. Taken together, these results indicate that lipoprotein binding, membrane targeting and membrane incorporation of lipoproteins are intrinsic functions of LolB.
Risk factors for post‐weaning mortality of Merino sheep in south‐eastern Australia
Authors: Campbell AJD , Vizard AL , Larsen JWA 
Published: July 2009

Objective To measure associations between body weight, growth rate, sex, time of shearing and post‐weaning mortality of Merino sheep.Design Uni‐ and multivariable survival analyses of sheep mortality during the first year after weaning, using records (n = 3657) from two field experiments conducted in Western Victoria from 1996 to 2003.Results Overall mortality was 14.3% (range 4.5–26.8%) and mean maximum mortality rate was 29 deaths/1000 weaners/month. Increased mortality risk was associated with decreases in fleece‐free body weight and mean weaner growth rate, particularly at low weights and growth rates. Weaners in the lightest weaning weight quintile had a hazard ratio of 3.5, compared with the middle quintile. The hazard ratio for a 2‐kg decrease in weaning weight was 1.2 to 1.7 for weaners lighter than 22 kg. The hazard ratio for a reduction in mean weaner growth rate in the first 5 months after weaning of 0.25 kg/month was 1.1 to 6.8 if mean growth rate was less than 1 kg/month, but did not differ significantly from 1 at greater growth rates. The hazard ratio for wether weaners was approximately 1.5 compared with ewe weaners. The hazard ratio for weaners shorn between December and May, compared with unshorn weaners, was 1.2 to 3.5, with the greatest risk difference associated with shearing in March (45 deaths/1000 weaners/month).Conclusion Improving the body weight and mean growth rate of weaner sheep is likely to reduce post‐weaning mortality. Lightweight weaners in a flock should be managed separately from the main portion after weaning. In southern Australia, not shearing spring‐born Merino weaners between December and May may assist in reducing overall post‐weaning mortality.
Comparison of transcutaneous ultrasound over the right flank with transrectal ultrasound for pregnancy diagnosis in the dairy cow
Authors: Hunnam JC , Parkinson TJ , Lopez‐Villalobos N , McDougall S 
Published: July 2009

Objective  Evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of transrectal ultrasound and transcutaneous ultrasonography across the right flank between days 31 and 196 of pregnancy in the dairy cow.Procedure  Pregnancy status and stage of gestation at date of pregnancy diagnosis by transcutaneous and transrectal ultrasonography were determined for 1570 dairy cattle. Sensitivity and specificity values and probabilities of a correct diagnosis for both techniques were determined and compared. Possible effects of gestational age, herd, method of transcutaneous ultrasound diagnosis, cow age, cow and bull breed, and calf sex on the determination of a correct diagnosis of pregnancy status were evaluated for both techniques.Results  The overall sensitivity and probability of a correct diagnosis of pregnancy status from days 31 to 196 of gestation were significantly higher when using transrectal ultrasound relative to transcutaneous ultrasound over the right flank. However, the sensitivity of transcutaneous ultrasound changed over the course of pregnancy: it was low (7–8%) before day 84, increased to 89% between days 141 and 154, and was close to 100% thereafter. The specificity of both methods did not differ significantly. Herd and gestational age at date of pregnancy diagnosis were significantly associated with making a correct test result using transcutaneous ultrasound, although only the latter predictor was significantly associated with making a correct test result using transrectal ultrasound.Conclusion  Transcutaneous ultrasound can not be recommended as an accurate method for early pregnancy diagnosis in the dairy cow, particularly on a whole‐herd basis. However, if pregnancy testing is undertaken in mid to late gestation, this technique could provide an accurate and rapid alternative to transrectal ultrasound or manual palpation per rectum.
Ultrasonographic characteristics of soft tissue tumours in dogs
Authors: Loh ZHK , Allan GS , Nicoll RG , Hunt GB 
Published: July 2009

Objective  To identify and describe the ultrasonographic features of soft tissue tumours in dogs.Procedure  Superficial soft tissue tumours of various histological types, including mast cell tumours (MCTs) and soft tissue sarcomas (STSs), were evaluated. Ultrasound was used to visualise internal characteristics of the tumour, including vascularity. Tumours were categorised according to size, shape, margin definition, tissue plane mobility, echogenicity, echotexture, acoustic shadowing or enhancement and vessel distribution. Objective measurements of intratumoural blood flow included velocities and maximal perfused cross‐sectional area (fractional area). Logistic regression models incorporating a variety of data were used in an attempt to predict the histopathological type of tumours.Results   The logistic regression model defined by the parameters echotexture, margin definition and presence of subcapsular vessels was highly predictive of MCTs (> 73%; P = 0.024). Several other trends, including a larger size for STSs and less vascularity for both MCTs and STSs, were observed, but did not reach statistical significance.Conclusion   This preliminary study has shown the potential diagnostic value of ultrasound in differentiating soft tissue tumours. However, at present, ultrasound cannot replace biopsy and histopathological evaluation for tumour diagnosis.
SKI knockdown inhibits human melanoma tumor growth in vivo
Authors: Chen Dahu , Lin Qiushi , Box Neil , Roop Dennis , Ishii Shunsuke , Matsuzaki Koichi , Fan Tao , Hornyak Thomas J. , Reed Jon A , Stavnezer Ed , Timchenko Nikolai A. , Medrano Estela E. 
Published: July 2009

SummaryThe SKI protein represses the TGF‐β tumor suppressor pathway by associating with the Smad transcription factors. SKI is upregulated in human malignant melanoma tumors in a disease‐progression manner and its overexpression promotes proliferation and migration of melanoma cells in vitro. The mechanisms by which SKI antagonizes TGF‐β signaling in vivo have not been fully elucidated. Here we show that human melanoma cells in which endogenous SKI expression was knocked down by RNAi produced minimal orthotopic tumor xenograft nodules that displayed low mitotic rate and prominent apoptosis. These minute tumors exhibited critical signatures of active TGF‐β signaling including high levels of nuclear Smad3 and p21Waf­1, which are not found in the parental melanomas. To understand how SKI promotes tumor growth we used gain‐ and loss‐of‐function approaches and found that simultaneously to blocking the TGF‐β‐growth inhibitory pathway, SKI promotes the switch of Smad3 from tumor suppression to oncogenesis by favoring phosphorylations of the Smad3 linker region in melanoma cells but not in normal human melanocytes. In this context, SKI is required for preventing TGF‐β‐mediated downregulation of the oncogenic protein c‐MYC, and for inducing the plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1, a mediator of tumor growth and angiogenesis. Together, the results indicate that SKI exploits multiple regulatory levels of the TGF‐β pathway and its deficiency restores TGF‐β tumor suppressor and apoptotic activities in spite of the likely presence of oncogenic mutations in melanoma tumors.
The role of skin and subcutaneous tissues in Dupuytren's contracture: an electron microscopic observation
Authors: Chen Wu , Zhou Hao , Pan Zhi‐jun , Chen Jian‐song , Wang Li 
Published: July 2009

Objective:  To determine the relationship between the overlying tissues and recurrence of Dupuytren's contracture.Methods:  Forty‐three patients (68 hands) who accepted surgical treatment were divided into two groups according to treatment methods: partial fasciectomy or dermofasciectomy and full‐thickness skin graft. Diseased palmar fascia, subcutaneous tissues and skin obtained during surgery were then assessed by electron microscopy.Results:  All patients were followed up. None of the hands which accepted dermofasciectomy and full‐thickness skin grafting recurred, while 46.4% of the hands which accepted partial fasciectomy recurred. Under electron microscopic observation, myofibroblasts were found in the skin and subcutaneous tissues.Conclusion:  The overlying tissues play an important role in Dupuytren's contracture, which may be a reason for recurrence of this condition after surgical treatment.
The clinical features and surgical treatment of degenerative lumbar scoliosis: A review of 112 patients
Authors: Liu Wei , Chen Xiong‐sheng , Jia Lian‐shun , Song Dian‐wen 
Published: July 2009

Objective:  To investigate the clinical features, radiological characteristics and surgical results of degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS).Methods:  One hundred and twelve cases of DLS treated surgically from June 2001 to February 2006 were retrospectively reviewed for clinical features, characteristics of nerve root compression and imaging presentations. According to the preoperative clinical manifestations and imaging findings, different surgical modalities were performed, including simple nerve decompression and decompression with short or long posterior fusion (less or more than three segments, respectively).Results:  The mean age of 47 male and 65 female patients was 54.7 years. Clinical manifestations included lower back pain (76.8%), radiculopathy (79.5%) and claudication (48.2%). Plain lumbar radiograph showed right scoliosis in 87 and left scoliosis in the other 25 cases; the Cobb angle was 10°–46°; the apex of scoliosis mostly located at L3 (48.2%); L3 and L4 nerve roots were usually compressed on the concave side and L5 and S1 nerve roots on the convex side. The Cobb angle and physiologic lordosis angle of patients who underwent multi‐segment (>3 segments) fusion improved to a greater extent than did that of patients who had simple decompression without fusion. A mean 5.7‐year follow‐up showed that the average improvement in Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores was 32.6, 26.3 and 13.5 for long segment fusion, short segment fusion and simple decompression without fusion, respectively.Conclusion:  Decompression surgery with or without fusion, the main purpose of which is to relieve nerve root compression and stabilize the spinal column, is an effective treatment for chronic DLS. The treatment should be individualized according to the patient's age, general and economic factors, severity of deformity and other coexisting lumbar degenerative disorders.
Measurement of rotational alignment of the distal femur in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Luo Ji‐wei , Yu Bin , Qin Cheng‐he 
Published: July 2009

Objectives:  To measure and compare the included angle between the surgical transepicondylar axis (STEA) and the posterior condylar line (PCL) and the included angle between the femoral anteroposterior line (APL) and PCL, and to discuss the value of STEA, APL, and PCL as rotational alignment landmarks of the distal femur in total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods:  Seventy‐five normal femoral specimens from Chinese adult cadavers were randomly selected. An axial photograph of every femoral specimen was taken with a digital camera and put into a personal computer. Using Photoshop 7.0.1 software, the included angle between the perpendicular line of APL and the PCL, noted as APA, together with the posterior condylar angle (PCA) between STEA and PCL were measured and compared using a paired‐samples t‐test.Results:  The value for PCA was 3.67°± 1.62° (range, 0.75°–5.90°) and for APA 3.50°± 1.40° (range, 1.34°–5.65°). There was no significant difference between these two angles (t= 0.949, P= 0.359). Considering their relatively small means, these two angles showed wide variations.Conclusions:  The rotational alignment of the femoral component can not accurately be determined by using PCL as a landmark. In order to get a proper rotational alignment of the femoral component in most cases of TKA, APL and STEA should be used as a double check.
Surgical treatment of thoracolumbar fracture through an approach via the paravertebral muscle
Authors: Pang Wei , Zhang Gui‐lin , Tian Wei , Sun Du , Li Nan , Yuan Qiang , Zhang Bo , Wang Yong‐qing , Liu Wei 
Published: July 2009

Objective:  To investigate the methods for, and clinical outcome of, the operative treatment of thoracolumbar fractures through an approach via the paravertebral muscle (PVM).Methods:  From June 2005 to August 2006, 62 patients, comprising 48 men and 14 women with an average age of 45.2 years (range, 21–58) with thoracolumbar fractures without neurological involvement underwent surgical treatment. Twenty‐one fractures were located at T12, 24 at L1 and 17 at L2. The study comprised 15 compression and 47 burst fractures with an intact posterior column. Thirty‐four cases were selected randomly to undergo surgery through the above approach, while the other 28 cases underwent the traditional procedure. After making a posterior midline incision, which not only facilitates insertion of pedicle screws and fusion of the graft bone at facet joints, but spares the attachment of PVM, the interval between the longissimus and multifidus muscles was undermined. Drainage was not routinely needed and the patients became ambulant with a brace earlier post‐operatively.Results:  The new approach had statistically significant advantages (P < 0.005) over the traditional one in regard to blood loss, drainage, duration of recumbency and visual analogue scale (VAS), although the time required was almost the same for the two procedures. Till August 2007, 56 patients were successfully followed up for 12 to 26 months (mean, 18.6) and bone fusion was identified in all cases. Neither reduction loss nor loosening or breakage of the fixation occurred.Conclusion:  The technique of operating through an approach between the PVM is recommended for thoracolumbar fractures because it is much less invasive, can reduce blood loss and accelerates rehabilitation.
Subtrochanteric shortening with overlapping femoral resection in total hip arthroplasty for Crowe type IV adult dislocation of the hip
Authors: Sun Jun‐ying , Wei Li 
Published: July 2009

Objective:  To summarize the surgical technique and clinical outcomes of subtrochanteric shortening with overlapping femoral resection in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) for Crowe type IV adult dislocation of the hip (ADH).Methods:  From January 2000 to December 2005, 12 patients with ADH (15 hips) were treated with primary cementless hip arthroplasty using the method of subtrochanteric shortening with overlapping femoral resection. There were three male and nine female patients (nine unilateral and three bilateral hips) with an average age of 56 years (range, 41–75). Subtrochanteric shortening with overlapping femoral resection and ‘V’ shaped derotational osteotomy were performed in all cases without soft tissue cutting release. Proximal femoral shaft splitting was performed as an adjunct in 10 hips.Results:  The mean follow‐up time was 6 years (range, 3–8). There were no infections, nonunion, malunion, dislocation or nerve injury of traction. Postoperative X‐ray films showed that the acetabular cups were placed in anatomical position with 95% coverage of the acetabulum. Furthermore, initial stability of the femoral stem fixation was satisfactory and all osteotomies healed in 10–15 weeks. The Harris hip score had improved from 25–32 to 88–98 at one year after surgery (P < 0.01). All acetabular and femoral components were judged to be osteointegrated and well‐fixed during follow‐up. No components have needed revision.Conclusions:  Subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy is a safe and predictable method for restoring the anatomic hip center in Crowe type IV ADH. The clinical outcomes of treating Crowe type IV ADH with THA were satisfactory.
Marginal resection for osteosarcoma with effective preoperative chemotherapy
Authors: Yu Xiu‐chun , Xu Ming , Song Ruo‐xian , Xu Song‐feng 
Published: July 2009

Objective:  To present the clinical results of marginal resection with effective preoperative chemotherapy for treatment of osteosarcoma.Methods:  Thirty‐eight patients (20 male and 18 female, average age 17 years), underwent marginal resection after confirmation of effective preoperative chemotherapy between 1999 and 2008 and the results were analyzed retrospectively. The distal femur was involved in 22 cases, proximal tibia in 11, proximal humerus in 4, and proximal fibula in 1. Thirty‐seven patients were stage IIB and one IIIB. Twenty‐nine patients were treated with the DIA, and 9 with the MMIA protocol. Twenty‐one patients underwent tumor resection and bone allograft transplantation. The epiphysis was preserved in 9 patients, and not in the other 12. Eleven patients underwent tumor resection and prosthetic replacement, and 4 tumor resection with autograft implantation. One patient underwent tumor resection and allograft with preservation of the epiphysis; another underwent marginal tumor resection only.Results:  All patients received effective preoperative chemotherapy. At a median follow‐up of 52 months, local recurrence had developed in one patient (2.6% local recurrence rate). Pulmonary metastases developed in 9 patients (23.7%). Five patients died of metastases, one died of intracranial hemorrhage due to thrombocytopenia caused by postoperative chemotherapy. The overall 2‐year survival rate was 87.3%, and event‐free survival rate 75.5%. The overall 5‐year survival rate was 74.7%, and event‐free survival rate 60.8%. Excellent to good function of affected limbs was achieved in 60.5%.Conclusions:  With careful preoperative evaluation and effective preoperative chemotherapy marginal resection of osteosarcoma can produce good results. Marginal resection of osteosarcoma should be performed by an experienced surgeon who is familiar with the limb salvage rules for osteosarcoma.