bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Carbon Footprint of Peritoneal Dialysis in Australia
Authors: McAlister Scott , Talbot Ben , Knight John , Blair Susan , McGain Forbes , McDonald Stephen , Nelson Craig , Knight Richard , Barraclough Katherine A. 
Published: April 2024

Key Points

Automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) had a higher carbon impact than continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).This was due to higher emissions from the manufacture and disposal of APD consumables, and their higher weight, meaning greater transport emissions.Polyvinyl chloride recycling can partially mitigate peritoneal dialysis–associated emissions.

Background
As climate change escalates with increasing health impacts, health care must address its carbon footprint. The first critical step is understanding the sources and extent of emissions from commonly utilized clinical care pathways.

Methods
We used attributional process-based life-cycle analysis to quantify CO2 equivalent emissions associated with the delivery of Baxter’s HomeChoice automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) in Australia.

Results
The annual per-patient carbon emissions attributable to the manufacture and disposal of peritoneal dialysis (PD) fluids and consumables were 1992 kg CO2 equivalent emissions for APD and 1245 kg CO2 equivalent emissions for CAPD. Transport impacts varied depending on the distance between the site of manufacture of PD fluids and consumables and the state of origin of the patient. Therefore, the total impact of providing PD also differed by Australian state, ranging from 2350 to 4503 kg CO2 equivalent emissions for APD and from 1455 to 2716 kg CO2 equivalent emissions for CAPD. Recycling of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) could reduce emissions by up to 14% for APD and 30% for CAPD depending on the distance between the site of PVC waste generation and the recycling center.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated higher per-patient carbon emissions from APD compared with CAPD, owing to both higher fluid and consumable requirements and the consequent higher transport impacts. PVC recycling can partially mitigate PD-associated carbon emissions.
Mistreatment in the gynaecology and obstetrics units of health facilities: community women's experiences in Guinea
Authors: Sall Alpha Oumar , Diallo Ramata , Balde Mamadou Dioulde , Camara Sadan , Kourouma Kabinet , Toure Madeleine , Diallo Aissatou , Sidibe Tiany , Millimono Felix , Balde Ousmane 
Published: April 2024

Background: Improving maternal and child health helps to ensure women's well-being. However, despite many efforts, women are still subjected to mistreatment and abuse in health facilities such as gynaecology and obstetrics units. Data on women's mistreatment in gynaecology are scarce and insufficient in obstetrics departments. This study therefore analyses women's experiences of mistreatment in these services in Guinea.
Methods: This study is based on a qualitative approach using in-depth individual interviews and group discussions with community women. The data was subjected to thematic analysis.
Results: This study revealed a high prevalence of mistreatment of women in health facilities, both during provision of gynaecological services and in obstetric units (pregnancy, prenatal consultations and childbirth). They are mainly victims of verbal abuse, negligence and informal payment, and to a lesser extent physical violence. Victims generally have few means of redress. This mistreatment is encouraged above all by the lack of training for health care providers, the inadequacy of services and the absence of sanctions. To prevent and combat this phenomenon, it is necessary to organise training courses on respectful maternal care for healthcare providers, make patients aware of their rights and the culture of consent, and apply disciplinary sanctions.
Conclusions: This study has enabled us to understand the types and extent of mistreatment suffered by women in obstetrics and gynaecology units. It identified measures to be taken to prevent and combat mistreatment in these units in order to ensure respectful healthcare and improve relations between healthcare providers and their clients.
Feto-maternal outcome of pregnancy with thrombocytopenia
Authors: Kharadi Kinjal K. , Shah Sapana R. , Deliwala Kruti J. , Parikh Purvi M. 
Published: April 2024

Background: Thrombocytopenia is the second most haematological abnormality in pregnancy where the platelets count below 1,50,000/µl. Gestational thrombocytopenia is most common cause of thrombocytopenia, accounts for 70% of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy.
Methods: It is retrospective study with 30 antenatal women at any gestational age having thrombocytopenia, platelet count less than 1,50,000/µl at SVP Hospital, Ahmedabad during duration of May 2023-November 2023. All the pregnant women who attend OPD and admitted in SVP Hospital, Ahmedabad were included in the study.
Results: The present study found that gestational thrombocytopenia (53.34%) accounted for most common cause of thrombocytopenia, followed by hypertensive disorders (10.0%), HELLP syndrome (6.67%), dengue and malaria (6.67%), DIC (6.67%) and ITP (3.34%) in which 53.34% women has mild, 36.67% has moderate and 10% has severe thrombocytopenia. In this study vaginal delivery accounts for 33.34% and caesarean delivery accounts for 66.67%. In present study 50.0% patient of gestational thrombocytopenia didn’t required any treatment. About 6.67% patients required transfusion of PRC and 33.34% of neonates needed NICU admission. Neonatal mortality due to complications like prematurity, septicemia was seen in 10.0% of the cases.
Conclusions: Outcome of pregnancy with moderate to severe thrombocytopenia depends mainly on the etiology of thrombocytopenia. Early interdisciplinary evaluation of thrombocytopenia during pregnancy can help in optimizing care as fetal outcomes and management depend on the etiology.
Acceptability of contraceptive methods in lactating mothers in a tertiary centre
Authors: Mude Swetha , Singh Anju , Suri Vanita , Singla Rimpi , Bagga Rashmi , Jain Vanita , Kumari Snigdha 
Published: April 2024

Background: High fertility rate, high maternal mortality and high infant mortality rates are the shared problems of the all the developing countries of the world. According to Directorate of Health Services surveys, 40% of women who intend to use a family planning method in the first year postpartum are not using one. Contraceptive use is negligible among postpartum women, particularly young mothers. We aimed to determine the reasons for acceptability, non-acceptability, side effects and continuation of four contraceptive methods condoms, Depotmedroxyprogesterone acetate, (DMPA), copper intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCD), progesterone only pills (POPs) in lactating mother after 6 weeks of delivery.
Methods: A total of 200 healthy nursing mothers, who needed contraception were enrolled in this prospective observational study. Women were explained about all four contraceptive methods used for the study. The reason for accepting a particular method was sought. The study participant were followed up at third and sixth month and side effects, failure rate, continuation rates, reasons for discontinuation of method were assessed.
Results: The most acceptable method was condom (40.5%) followed by DMPA (31%), IUCD (20.5%) and POPs (8%). The most common reason for selection of condom was fear of side effects with other methods (66%). Long acting method like DMPA and IUCD has good continuation rate of 87% and 85% respectively. Failure of contraception was seen only with condoms (2.8%).
Conclusions: This study showed condoms was most acceptable method but had failure whereas DMPA and Cu-IUCD have high continuation rate with no failure.
Profile of bomb blast injuries
Authors: Harbade Arvind Ranganthrao , Wathore Sanjay , Zine Kanchan Kailash , Zine Kailash U. 
Published: April 2024

Bomb blast injuries in India have unfortunately been a recurring and tragic reality, stemming from acts of terrorism and insurgency that have targeted various regions of the country. These incidents have resulted in significant loss of life, severe injuries, and lasting trauma for those affected. The impact of bomb blast injuries in India is not only physical but also psychological, affecting individuals, families, and communities at large.The injuries sustained in bomb blasts can vary in severity and type, depending on factors such as the type of explosive device used, the location of the blast, and the proximity of individuals to the explosion. Common injuries include shrapnel wounds, burns, fractures, traumatic amputations, and head injuries. The force of the blast can cause extensive damage to internal organs, leading to conditions such as blast lung injury, abdominal trauma, and hearing loss. The pattern of injuries due to bomb blast on the victims. Identification of the dead body of the deceased victims. To ascertain the distance of the victim from the blast from nature of injuries. Eardrum injuries sustained and mental trauma to live victims. To ascertain the presence of foreign bodies, primary and secondary missiles and there by assisting in investigations.

The present study “The Profile of Bomb Blast Injuries’’ has been carried out in the one of the Major Medical College and Hospital in Maharashtra State. The present study has been carried out during the period of January 2003 to July 2004, During this study total cases studied were sixty nine (69), they are grouped as A & B. A : - 32 cases died due to bomb blast has been meticulously studied. B: - 37 injured persons ( clinical cases) due to bomb blast has been studied in the different wardsof hospital. In the present work total 69 cases were studied by group A & B i.e group A: 32 cases brought dead in the hospital, while group B:37 cases admitted in the hospital and following conclusion are derived :-1. Maximum affected persons from group A: deaths as well as from group B : clinical cases injured in bomb blast, were in the age group of 11 to 40 years. 2. Maximum cases from group A (brought dead to the hospital) as well as clinical cases from group B admitted in the hospital are much higher in males as compared to females. 3. The persons died, group A and injured cases (clinical) group B, during bomb blast in present study was mainly belong to Hindu religion as compared to other religions. 4. It was found in the present study that the persons died in bomb blast were mostly the residents of Mumbai city in comparison with those who are residing outside of Mumbai.
Blinding (masking) in non-clinical studies to improve reproducibity and translability (literary review)
Authors: Makarova M. N. , Kovaleva M. A. , Makarov V. G. 
Published: April 2024

Background. Despite numerous measures it is still impossible to overcome translational barriers and increase the reproducibility of the results obtained. The most significant procedures that improve the reliability of in vivo studies are randomization and blinding (masking). Conducting randomization does not require significant resources. In contrast, blinding is a more labor-intensive process. Research Objective. To analyze the scientific literature on the use of blinding in preclinical studies to further elaborate an algorithm for this procedure in a particular testing center. Materials and methods. Publications were searched in PubMed and Google Scholar databases (until April 30, 2023). Results. A literature review of blinding in preclinical studies was conducted, methods and the stages of scientific work at which this procedure can be performed were reviewed. An algorithm for partial study blinding that does not require additional specialists has been proposed. It is shown that the application of blinding allows to increase the reliability of the obtained data. If full blinding cannot be performed, it is necessary to evaluate which stages of the preclinical study can be blinded. Appropriate procedures should be developed and implemented to perform blinding in the preclinical center. Conclusions. The proposed blinding algorithm can significantly reduce the influence of the specialist(s) on the experiment or interpretation of the data obtained.
Adaptation of the technique of determination of mitochondrial membrane potential change in C2C12 cells using the ready set “Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Kit” (Sigma-Aldrich)
Authors: Vlasova Yu. A. , Klimenko E. S. , Sukhareva K. S. , Gavrilova L. S. , Kostareva A. A. 
Published: April 2024

Background. We used the “Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Kit” (Sigma-Aldrich) to detected MMP but encountered difficulties by applied this kit because in manual there not JC-10 concentration and it not allowing for account cell type, size, density, differences in incubation time for different cell cultures. Objective. Adaptation of the method for determining MMP (mitochondrial membrane potential) in C2C12 cells using in microplate reader and electron microscope. Design and methods. MMP in C2C12 cells was measured by two way, using fluorescence microscopy (Zeiss, Zen program) and using a plate fluorimeter (CLARIOstar (BMG LABTECH). JC-10 and TMRE dyes (Sigma-Aldrich) were used as fluorescent probes. Results. Optimal conditions for detection changes in mitochondrial membrane potential in C2C12 cells were selected. 100- fold dilution of the dye JC-10 (Dye Loading Solution) and replacement of the manufactured buffer to PBS led to repeatability and reproducibility results. Conclusion. When using ready-made kits for measuring MMP, the method proposed by the manufacturer may not be suitable for the selected cell line. In our study to mouse myoblasts of the C2C12 line, a dilution of the dye for loading was required 100 times compared to that recommended by the manufacturer.
Concentración de Radón en la Minería de Carbón en Corrales - Boyacá
Authors: Franco-Becerra A.C , Martínez-Ovalle S.A , Montañez-Reyes A.T. , Sajó-Bohus L. 
Published: April 2024

Las concentraciones de radón 222Rn se pueden cuantificar usando mediciones activas y pasivas (in situ). Este gas radiactivo en espacios cerrados como las minas subterráneas de carbón es un enemigo silencioso, debido a que su inhalación en altas concentraciones puede inducir un cáncer de pulmón en los trabajadores de este entorno cuando son sometidos a largos periodos de exposición. Actualmente Colombia no cuenta con protocolos de medición y prevención de este gas radiactivo, por lo que el principal objetivo de este trabajo es medir las concentraciones de 222Rn a las cuales están expuestos los trabajadores de la mina de carbón El Volcán ubicada en el municipio de Corrales en el departamento de Boyacá, Colombia. Para esto, se realizó un mapeo radiológico al interior de la mina utilizando detectores de trazas nucleares ubicados al interior de cámaras de difusión. Un total de 32 puntos de medición fueron monitoreados durante un periodo de 60 días obteniendo tasas de dosis que oscilan entre 700 - 2000 Bq * m^-3, que al ser comparados con los límites permisibles recomendados por la ICRP encontramos que se encuentran dentro del rango permitido en espacios cerrados, estas mediciones fueron extrapoladas para calcular la probabilidad de riesgo radiológico asociado a cáncer de pulmón en esta mina en particular En conclusión, de los cálculos realizados encontramos bajas concentraciones de este gas radiactivo 222Rn y por consiguiente baja dosis absorbidas por el personal.
The Stateless Legal Clinic: Innovative Models for Addressing Unmet Legal Need in Australia through Clinical Legal Education
Authors: Robertson Katie 
Published: April 2024

The Stateless Legal Clinic is a unique service providing legal education and aid to eligible stateless children in their application for Australian citizenship. It also provides law students at the University of Melbourne with the opportunity to gain practical legal experience and engage in experiential learning, through a clinical legal education elective subject offered within the Juris Doctor (JD) degree. The Stateless Legal Clinic aims to address a critical gap in legal services for stateless children in Australia and situates clinical legal education within the relatively new and emerging discipline of ‘statelessness studies.’ Through an examination of Australia's legal framework for addressing the global human rights issue of statelessness, this article examines the design and operation of the Stateless Legal Clinic, arguing that clinical legal education can provide innovative models for increasing access to justice for communities often overlooked or under-serviced by the legal industry.
Mechanical marvels: robots in carotid artery stenting - a systematic review of effectiveness in neuroendovascular interventions
Authors: Łajczak Paweł Marek , Jóźwik Kamil , Nawrat Zbigniew 
Published: April 2024

Aim: Carotid artery disease, or carotid stenosis, is a critical medical condition carrying the risk of stroke and fatality. The underlying pathology involves the accumulation of atheromatous plaques, leading to luminal constriction and disrupted blood flow. Endovascular interventions, such as carotid artery stenting (CAS), aim to restore vessel patency. Robotic assistance in CAS surgeries is rapidly evolving globally, offering precision and fatigue-free capabilities. Despite growing interest, a dedicated systematic review on robotic applications in CAS is notably absent.
Methods: Adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive search strategy involving five databases. Data extraction encompassed study origin, patient demographics, procedural details, procedure times, complications, fluoroscopy, and radiation parameters.
Results: Over 199 articles were identified from five databases. Seven studies meeting inclusion criteria were analyzed. The predominant robotic system, CorPath GRX, demonstrated advantages such as remote operation, precision, and compatibility with various catheter sizes. Magellan Robotic System, employed in one study, showcased remote-controlled capabilities. These studies involved a total of 44 patients undergoing carotid artery stenosis procedures with robotic assistance. Reported complications included access site conversion, Angio-Seal device failure, and residual stenosis. Mean operation time varied from 34 to 85 min.
Conclusions: The integration of robotic assistance in carotid interventions, as demonstrated by the CorPath GRX and Magellan Robotic System, holds significant promise in improving the precision and safety of CAS procedures. However, the limited number of studies, the high risk of bias, and the need for further research and standardization highlight the evolving nature of this technology.
Patient-Specific, In-House Surgical Guides in Surgery-First Approach in Orthognathic Surgery: A Technical Note
Authors: Shino Inleel Lundgård , Sefidroodi Mohammedreza , Vassis Stratos , Buhl Jytte , Jakobsen Anders Mølgaard , Hammer Karen Eich , Pedersen Thomas Klit , Nørholt Sven Erik 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Aim of the study: This article introduces an in-house workflow implementing patient-specific surgical cutting guides and spacers combined with pre-adapted osteosynthesis in two Surgery First Orthognathic Approach (SFOA) scenarios.
Background: The integration of three-dimensional virtual surgical planning (VSP) in combination with computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) has advanced the field of orthognathic surgery. With the use of surgical guides and patient specific implants (PSI) the accuracy of the surgical outcome could potentially increase. While PSI approaches offer advantages, commercial PSIs are characterized by a prolonged turnaround time and high costs.These drawbacks linked with commercial PSIs might restrict their utilization and acceptance.
Technical note: The VSP was completed in Dolphin Imaging software. 3-Matic software was used to design the cutting guides and spacers. The anterior spacers where specifically designed to utilize the wedge-technique during positioning of the anterior segment in segmented Le Fort I osteotomy. The surgical guides and spacers were manufactured in Form 3B 3D printer with BioMed Clear V1 Resin with 0.100 mm layer thickness. Titanium plates 2.0 from Biomet were customized based on a 3D-model of the planned postsurgical outcome based on the VSP.
Conclusion: The in-house methodology for developing and employing personalized surgical guides, spacers and pre-adapted titanium plates offers a viable workflow for SFOA, with the potential to enhance the reliability and precision of maxillary repositioning.
(t, m) threshold Quantum Secret Sharing with Group Authentication
Authors: Mawlia Priyanka , Siwach Vikash , Bijaranian Pankaj 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Quantum secret sharing plays a key role as a foundational method for disseminating a secret to all participants in quantum cryptography. Group authentication plays a significant role in safeguarding information, as it confirms the identity of communication parties. This paper presents a \(d-\)level \((t, m)\) threshold quantum secret-sharing scheme combined with group authentication. Group members can simultaneously authenticate their identities through group authentication. Leveraging the Lagrange interpolation polynomial, the group authentication method disperses multiple secret shares to group members and later allows joint verification of some or all members. According to our analysis, the complexities of our group authentication scheme are much lower than those found in widely recognized existing group authentication methods. This algorithm allows each participant to keep their secret shares secure and undisclosed. By avoiding transmission of these shares, external eavesdroppers are unable to obtain any secret information. This protocol offers security, efficiency, and practicality. Security analysis reveals its ability to resist intercept-resend attacks, entangle-measure attacks, collusion attacks, and forgery attacks. The proposed scheme ensures both confidentiality and integrity.
Early nasogastric and nasojejunal feeding in patients with predictors of severe acute pancreatitis: а randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sivkov Oleg G. , Sivkov A. O. 
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE: Studying the influence of early nasogastric (NG) and nasojejunal (NJ) probe feeding in patients with predictors of severe acute pancreatitis on the course and outcome of the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An open randomized controlled study was performed in Neftyanik Occupational Healthcare Facility ICU. 64 patients with predictors of severe acute pancreatitis (APACHE II > 8, CRP > 150 mg/l, SOFA > 2) randomized by the envelope method for early (the first 24 hrs.) nasogastic or nasojejunal feeding. The standard polymer feeding formula enriched with dietary fibers was administered during the first 5 (five) days taking into account its tolerability. Raw data were statistically processed using SPSS-26 software. RESULTS: Comparison of the NG (n = 33) vs. NJ (n = 31) groups produced the following results: the duration (days) of treatment in the hospital was 21 (12; 42) vs. 24 (11; 35), p = 0.715; in ICU — 4 (2; 20) vs. 4 (3; 13), p = 0.803; mechanical ventilation (MV) — 1 (1; 3) vs. 1 (1; 1), p = 0.124; mortality — OR 0.830 (95 % CI 0.201–3.422), p = 0.796; severity (moderately severe or severe) — OR 1.29 (95 % CI 0.483–3.448), p = 0.611; number of patients subjected to surgery during the first period of the disease — OR 0.774 (95 % CI 0.243–2.467), p = 0.665; and second period of the disease — OR 1.682 (95 % CI 0.623–4.546), p = 0.305. CONCLUSIONS: No difference has been found between the groups of patients with severe disease predictors, who received early nasogastric or nasojejunal tube feeding using standard polymer formula with dietary fibers during early acute pancreatitis, as regards duration of treatment in the hospital, in ICU, numbers of mechanically ventilated patients, patients operated during the first and second disease periods, disease severity or mortality.