bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Molybdenum‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation of 3‐Alkyloxindoles: Reaction Development and Applications.
Authors: Trost Barry M. , Zhang Yong 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAlkyl oxindoles are successfully alkylated with allyl carbonate (II) in the presence of a molybdenum catalyst under mild conditions to give oxindoles bearing a quaternary stereocenter at position 3.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on the Intermolecular Hydroarylation of N‐Ts‐ or N‐Ac‐Protected Indoles and 2,3‐Allenoates.
Authors: Fang Zhao , Fu Chunling , Ma Shengming 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe TFA‐promoted Friedel—Crafts allylation of acetyl‐ and tosyl‐protected indoles is described.
ChemInform Abstract: A Rapid Assembly of Furo[3,4‐b]‐ and Pyrrolo[3,4‐b]carbazolones by Domino Wittig Diels—Alder Reaction.
Authors: Torney Prachi , Patre Rupesh , Tilve Santosh 
Published: June 2011

AbstractReaction of indolecarboxaldehydes (I) and (V) with phosphoranes (II) provides regioisomeric lactones as mixtures of cis‐ and trans‐isomers.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of 4‐Acyl‐1‐alkoxyaryl‐5‐aryl‐3‐hydroxy‐2,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrrol‐2‐ones with Nucleophilic Reagents.
Authors: Gein V. L. , Fedorova N. L. , Levandovskaya E. B. , Vakhrin M. I. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAn acetyl or benzoyl group in position C‐4 of the pyrrole ring in compound (I)/(V) does not affect the direction of their reaction with hydrazine hydrate, but significantly in reactions with amines.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Dialkyl 2‐(Alkylamino)‐4,9‐dihydro‐9‐oxocyclohepta[b]pyran‐3,4‐dicarboxylates.
Authors: Azizian Javad , Ramazani Ali , Haji Mohammad 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe reaction proceeds smoothly at room temperature without any catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Novel 3‐Aminohexahydrocoumarin Derivatives and Evaluation on Their Cytotoxicity.
Authors: Shi Feng , Dai An‐Xiao , Zhang Shu , Zhang Xiao‐Hong , Tu Shu‐Jiang 
Published: June 2011

AbstractSeven of the synthesized compounds exhibit higher in vitro cytotoxicity to carcinoma SW1116 and SGL7901 cells then doxorubicin hydrochloride.
ChemInform Abstract: Diverse Directions of Heterocyclizations Involving Derivatives of 5‐Aminopyrazoles and N‐Arylmaleimides.
Authors: Rudenko Roman V. , Komykhov Sergey A. , Desenko Sergey M. , Musatov Vladimir I. , Shishkin Oleg V. , Konovalova Irina S. , Vashchenko Elena V. , Chebanov Valentin A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe title reaction is studied in the solvents DMF and AcOH.
ChemInform Abstract: Heteropoly Acid‐Catalyzed Microwave‐Assisted Three‐Component aza‐Diels—Alder Cyclizations: Diastereoselective Synthesis of Potential Drug Candidates for Alzheimer′s Disease.
Authors: Borkin Dmitry , Morzhina Elena , Datta Silpi , Rudnitskaya Aleksandra , Sood Abha , Toeroek Marianna , Toeroek Bela 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAn environmentally benign synthesis of azabicyclo[2.2.2]octanones (IV)/(V) and (VII)/(VIII) is described, involving the microwave‐assisted tandem condensation—cycloaddition reaction of cyclohexenone (I) with an aniline and a benzaldehyde derivative.
ChemInform Abstract: Instability of the Lithium Garnet Li7La3Sn2O12:Li+/H + Exchange and Structural Study.
Authors: Galven Cyrille , Fourquet Jean‐Louis , Crosnier‐Lopez Marie‐Pierre , Le Berre Francoise 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe lithium garnet Li7La3Sn2O12 (tetragonal space group I41/acd, Z = 8) is unstable toward moisture.
Bio‐ und Chemieingenieurwissenschaften an der TU Kaiserslautern
Authors: Muffler Kai , Thiel Werner , Hasse Hans , Ulber Roland 
Published: June 2011

AbstractMit Start zum Wintersemester 2011/12 wird an der TU Kaiserslautern gemeinsam von den Fachbereichen Chemie und Maschinenbau/Verfahrenstechnik der interdisziplinäre Studiengang Bio‐ und Chemieingenieurwissenschaften (BCI) angeboten. Der Studiengang verbindet die Natur‐ und Ingenieurwissenschaften, wobei der Fokus auf die Chemie und die (Bio‐) Verfahrenstechnik ausgerichtet ist.
Juli – allez allez allez
Authors: Hatscher Deike , Beißner Stefan , Knirsch Sandra 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAm 2. Juli beginnt wieder die Zeit der Tour de France. Auch die 98. Austragung dieses weltberühmten Sportereignisses verspricht herrliche Landschaften gepaart mit der unnachahmlichen Atmosphäre von sommerlichem Spitzensport. Atemberaubend sind zudem die Materialien, die diesen Sport zu dem machen, was er heute ist.
A continuous tubular reactor for core–shell latex particles
Authors: Hordy N. , McKenna T. F. L. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractHigh solids content poly(butyl acrylate)/poly(methyl methacrylate) core–shell latex particles were produced using miniemulsion polymerisation in a continuous linear tubular reactor. The resulting products were and shown to be comparable to a batch process. Final solids contents of 41 and 48 wt.% were shown to be possible in a simple tubular reactor. Differential scanning calorimeter analysis indicated that core–shell particles were formed under these conditions. © 2011 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering
Effect of Cr doping on the structural and optical properties of ZnS nanoparticles
Authors: Amaranatha Reddy D. , Murali G. , Vijayalakshmi R. P. , Reddy B. K. , Sreedhar B. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractZn1−xCrx S nanoparticles with x = 0.00, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03 were synthesized by chemical co‐precipitation method at room temperature for the first time. Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid was used as stabilizer. Energy dispersive analysis of X‐rays confirmed the presence of Cr in the samples. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy and optical absorption studies. XRD and selected area electron diffraction results showed that the samples of all compositions crystallized in cubic structure and the lattice parameters decreased linearly with increase in Cr content following Vegard's law indicating that the Cr ions have substituted for Zn in the ZnS lattice. The particle size estimated from XRD was in the range 6–10 nm.The optical absorption studies on the doped samples indicated that the absorption edge blue shifted with respect to those of bulk and nanocrystalline ZnS. The bandgap increased with increasing Cr concentration in a narrow range 3.81–4.03 eV. Photolumonesence studies showed blue emission with appreciable luminescence quenching with increasing Cr concentration. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Carbon Nanotubes for Sustainable Energy Applications
Authors: Centi Gabriele , Perathoner Siglinda 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe grand challenge of a sustainable production and use of energy has focused research on the nanostructure of materials. This aspect is considered of critical importance for improving the performance of advanced materials and electrodes to meet demanding expectations. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are the first and most‐successful example of nanomaterials, and play a central role in the development of advanced solutions for sustainable energy applications. However, notwithstanding the rising scientific and technological interest in CNTs, their use is still largely based on phenomenological observations that miss the complexities of the nanostructure and characteristics of these materials. This Concept paper addresses the need for a rational design of CNTs for energy applications, based on an understanding of the key aspects to be considered for their optimization in different applications such as lithium ion batteries, supercapacitors, solar cells, and fuel cells.
Role of fine‐needle aspiration cytology in the prompt diagnosis of recurrence of visceral leishmaniasis presented as isolated cervical leishmanial lymphadenopathy
Authors: Kumar Bipin , Verma Pragya 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe report a case of isolated cervical leishmanial lymphadenopathy diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in apparently cured case of visceral leishmaniasis. A 28‐year‐old female presented with cervical lymphnode enlargement to surgery outpatient department and was subjected for FNAC. Smear showed numerous Leishmania donovani bodies in the cytoplasm of macrophages and giant cells, and extracellular spaces. She was treated by Amphotericin B for alternate 14 days and the size of the lymphnode regressed. She was found asymptomatic for 1 year of follow‐up. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Mycobacterium chimaera causes tuberculosis‐like infection in a male patient with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Alhanna Joseph , Purucker Michael , Steppert Claus , Daborn Andrea Grigull‐ , Schiffel Gabriele , Gruber Heribert , Borgmann Stefan 
Published: June 2011

AbstractHere we present a 27‐year‐old male patient—with a known prolonged history of anorexia nervosa (AN) —suffering from tuberculosis like infection. At the time he was admitted to clinical treatment, he had developed fever up to 40°C and survived on a body mass index of 11.8. In this case, Mycobacterium chimaera, generally recognized for low pathogenicity, was identified as the causative agent. Remission from lung infection was achieved after antibiotic treatment according to laboratory susceptibility testing while earlier antituberculosis therapies had failed. Because of a large cavity in the upper left lung, surgical excision was necessary to prevent recurrence of lung infection. Moreover, stabilization of the patient general health problem needs to be supported by a lasting psychotherapy. © 2011 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2012;)
Specific depletion reveals a novel role for neutrophil‐mediated protection in the liver during Listeria monocytogenes infection
Authors: Carr Karen D. , Sieve Amy N. , Indramohan Mohanalaxmi , Break Timothy J. , Lee Suheung , Berg Rance E. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPrevious studies have suggested that neutrophils are required for resistance during infection with multiple pathogenic microorganisms. However, the depleting antibody used in those studies binds to both Ly6G and Ly6C (anti‐Gr‐1; clone RB6‐8C5). This antibody has been shown to deplete not only neutrophils but also monocytes and a subset of CD8+ T cells. Recently, an antibody against Ly6G, which specifically depletes neutrophils, was characterized. In the present study, neutrophils are depleted using the antibody against Ly6G during infection with the intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (LM). Our data show that neutrophil‐depleted mice are much less susceptible to infection than mice depleted with anti‐Gr‐1. Although neutrophils are required for clearance of LM, their importance is more pronounced in the liver and during a high‐dose bacterial challenge. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the protection mediated by neutrophils is due to the production of TNF‐α, but not IFN‐γ. Additionally, neutrophils are not required for the recruitment of monocytes or the generation of adaptive T‐cell responses during LM infection. This study highlights the importance of neutrophils during LM infection, and indicate that depletion of neutrophils is less detrimental to the host than depletion of all Gr‐1‐expressing cell populations.
The role of tetraspanin CD63 in antigen presentation via MHC class II
Authors: Petersen Sven H. , Odintsova Elena , Haigh Tracey A. , Rickinson Alan B. , Taylor Graham S. , Berditchevski Fedor 
Published: June 2011

AbstractInteractions between MHC class II (MHC II)‐positive APCs and CD4+ T cells are central to adaptive immune responses. Using an Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)‐transformed B lymphoblastoid cell line (LCL) as MHC II‐positive APCs and CD4+ T‐cell clones specific for two endogenously expressed EBV antigens, we found that shRNA knockdown of the tetraspanin protein CD63 in LCL cells consistently led to increased CD4+ T‐cell recognition. This effect was not due to enhanced antigen processing nor to changes in MHC II expression since CD63 knockdown did not influence the amount or dimerization of MHC II in LCL cells. We therefore investigated the possible involvement of exosomes, small MHC II‐ and tetraspanin‐abundant vesicles which are secreted by LCL cells and which we found could themselves activate the CD4+ T‐cell clones in an MHC II‐dependent manner. While equal loadings of exosomes purified from the control and CD63low LCLs stimulated T cells to a comparable degree, we found that exosome production significantly increased following CD63‐knockdown, suggesting that this may underlie the greater T‐cell stimulatory capacity of the CD63low LCLs. Taken together, our data reveal a new insight into the mechanisms by which tetraspanins are involved in the regulation of MHC II‐dependent T‐cell stimulation.
GM‐CSF increases cross‐presentation and CD103 expression by mouse CD8+ spleen dendritic cells
Authors: Zhan Yifan , Carrington Emma M. , van Nieuwenhuijze Annemarie , Bedoui Sammy , Seah Shirley , Xu Yuekang , Wang Nancy , Mintern Justine D. , Villadangos Jose A. , Wicks Ian P. , Lew Andrew M. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractResident CD8+ DCs perform several functions, including cross‐presenting antigen and rapidly engulfing the Gram‐positive intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. Little is known about how these functions of CD8+ DCs are modulated. Here, we show that granulocyte‐macrophage CSF (GM‐CSF), a cytokine that exists at low levels at steady state but is elevated during infection and inflammation, enhances cross‐presentation and rapid uptake of L. monocytogenes by resident CD8+ DCs. This previously unrecognized functional enhancement of CD8+ DCs by GM‐CSF was independent of promoting DC survival in vitro. Enhancement of these functions by GM‐CSF was also marked by CD103 expression on CD8+ DCs that was strongly regulated by GM‐CSF. Our findings not only identify GM‐CSF as a key molecule regulating CD8+ DC function, but also as a factor responsible for functional heterogeneity of CD8+ DCs that is at least substantially demarcated by CD103 expression.
Cyanide‐Bridged Molecular Squares – The Building Units of Prussian Blue
Authors: Newton Graham N. , Nihei Masayuki , Oshio Hiroki 
Published: June 2011

AbstractCyanide‐bridged molecular squares offer a unique opportunity for study, as they represent a model of the simplest unit of Prussian blue and allow access to a wide range of physical properties that can be monitored, such as rich electrochemistry, valence‐ and spin‐state control, and spin‐crossover phenomena. This microreview presents recent findings in the field of cyanide squares with particular focus on their syntheses and physical properties.
Polyurethanes with bio‐based and recycled components
Authors: Beneš Hynek , Vlček Tomáš , Černá Renáta , Hromádková Jiřina , Walterová Zuzana , Svitáková Romana 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPolyurethanes (PUR) combining renewable bio‐based raw materials and recycled polyols were prepared and characterized. A fish oil‐based polyol and a castor oil (CO) were used as the bio‐based raw materials. Recycled polyols were prepared by chemical decomposition of PUR flexible foam. Based on the properties of the natural and the recycled polyols, final PUR materials were designed as rigid foams or cast systems. Processing parameters as well as final thermo‐mechanical properties of the prepared materials were evaluated and discussed. The results showed that the fish oil‐based recycled polyol was suitable for the preparation of the rigid PUR foam and can replace a majority of petrochemical polyols in the rigid PUR foam formulation without any detrimental effects on final quality of the product. Due to the high content of the secondary hydroxyl groups, the CO‐based recycled polyol was less reactive with the isocyanates than the fish oil‐based recycled polyol. Therefore, the CO‐based recycled polyol was used for the preparation of the compact cast PUR materials. Long aliphatic chains in this recycled polyol could be advantageously used for the formulation of flexible PUR floorings.Practical applications: The developed polyurethane (PUR) materials were designed for concrete final applications. The fish oil‐based recycled polyol was tested for the preparation of the rigid PUR foams. The use of castor oil enabled to prepare less reactive recycled polyol and it was applied for the preparation of the compact cast PUR.
Studies on Substituted Aromatic Diselenides as Catalysts for Selective Alcohol Oxidation Using tert‐Butyl Hydroperoxide
Authors: van der Toorn John C. , Kemperman Gerjan , Sheldon Roger A. , Arends Isabel W. C. E. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe have investigated the Ph2Se2‐catalysed oxidation of alcohols with tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) by using a variety of spectroscopic techniques and reaction calorimetry. We showed that the active oxidant is benzeneseleninic anhydride (BSA), formed by reaction of Ph2Se2 with TBHP. The influence of aromatic substituents on the activity of a selection of nine aromatic diselenides involved in alcohol oxidations was studied. Calorimetric experiments showed that compounds that are activated more rapidly have higher initial activity in the catalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol. An exception to this rule was observed when the diselenide contained a dimethylamino group in the ortho position, which can apparently compensate for its slow pre‐activation by a special ortho effect. An aliphatic alcohol, 1‐decanol was also used as a substrate. Besides diphenyl diselenide only three of the substituted diaryl diselenides studied showed reasonable activity after pre‐activation with TBHP. Dimesityl diselenide displayed the highest activity and selectivity for the oxidation of 1‐decanol. Specificity for a given aldehyde could be achieved by using an oxidant and substrate feed protocol.
Multivariate adaptive embedding (MAE) for the identification of bacterial pathogens in the field
Authors: Talbot Steven R. , Sartorius Gerhard 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn this work, we demonstrate a new classification machine based on multivariate adaptive embedding (MAE) that is capable of a robust identification of potential bacterial biological warfare agents (BWA). By employing Raman spectroscopy, this method proves to be reliable in application, easy to use and while retaining spectral quality, it is much faster than the often used support vector machines (SVM) and other supervised multivariate statistical classification machines. The multivariate adaptive embedding multi‐species classification ability was developed in order to serve as a real‐time detection method for biological threat detection and pathogen identification. A mean classification accuracy of 99.25±0.45% could be achieved with a representative set of biological warfare agents and simulant bacteria as a first approach for a user‐friendly and fieldable classification application for first responders and researchers.
Cultural implications of architectural mortar selection at Mesa Verde National Park, Colorado
Authors: Rumsey Shane D. , Drohan Patrick J. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractArchitectural mortar from two ancestral Pueblo sites (Spruce Tree House and Nordenskiöld's Ruin 12) located in Mesa Verde National Park was investigated using visual, mineralogical, and geochemical techniques. Results indicate ancestral Pueblo people had a preference for mortars composed of sand and clay contents that produce a USDA textural class of sandy clay loam to clay loam. A temporal trajectory of soil selection is observed at Spruce Tree House, with mesa‐top soils being preferred during the early period of occupation, but with soils below cliff dwellings preferred during later periods. Mortar geochemical composition is found to differ between cliff dwellings, and sometimes between households within a cliff dwelling, due to local soil differences and/or potential amendment additions. Results from Spruce Tree House indicate that contemporaneous households shared access to mortar sources. The prevalence and possible origins of gypsum found in mortar are discussed. Finally, this research examines the possibility that land tenure rights may have extended beyond those lands used exclusively for agricultural purposes. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Calcrete formation and implications for buried archaeological deposits in the Mariana Islands, western Pacific
Authors: Carson Mike T. , Peterson John A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractCalcrete zones of cemented sands are found repeatedly at beach sites in the Mariana Islands, western Pacific region, with mid‐ to late‐Holocene artifacts and midden sealed within and beneath these layers. Three site‐specific cases demonstrate that the cementation process of the calcareous sand material post‐dated the deposition of artifacts and midden. Archaeological efforts must be prepared for deep excavation through zones of cemented sand. Also, recovery of preserved ancient materials can proceed by excavating large hardened blocks and soaking in light (5%) acid. This knowledge about formation process and recovery technique may prove useful not only in the Mariana Islands but also more broadly in other regions with similar settings. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Can ultrasonography of the placenta previa predict antenatal bleeding?
Authors: Hasegawa Junichi , Higashi Miwa , Takahashi Shoko , Mimura Takashi , Nakamura Masamitsu , Matsuoka Ryu , Ichizuka Kiyotake , Sekizawa Akihiko , Okai Takashi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPurpose.To evaluate the abnormal sonographic (US) findings in patients with placenta previa and bleeding.Methods.A total of 182 cases of singleton pregnancies with placenta previa were reviewed. The US findings including the type of placenta previa, placental location, presence of placenta lacunae, lack of clear zone, sinus venosus at the margin of the placenta, velamentous cord insertion, sponge‐like echo in the cervix and cervical length were evaluated in relation to episodes of bleeding that required in‐patient treatment during pregnancy and/or emergency cesarean section.Results.Episodes of antenatal bleeding occurred in 102/182 (56%) patients with placenta previa. An emergency cesarean section was performed in 66 (64.7%) of these 102 patients. In the 80 patients without episodes of antenatal bleeding, an emergency cesarean section was performed in only 1 (1.3%). Detection of US findings just prior to cesarean section was not associated with the need for emergency cesarean section due to uncontrollable bleeding from the placenta previa. Frequencies of each US finding at 20 weeks of gestation were not different between the patients who underwent emergency cesarean sections and the others. Frequency of marginal sinus was slightly higher in cases with bleeding episode (16% versus 0%, p < 0.05), but the other US findings were not associated with the occurrence of bleeding episodes during pregnancy.Conclusions.No US finding could predict bleeding episodes and the eventual need for an emergency cesarean section. The obstetrician should be aware that sudden bleeding during pregnancy may occur in patients with placenta previa, even in the absence of any other US findings. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 2011