bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anisotropic Dual S‐Scheme Heterojunctions Mimic Natural Photosynthetic System for Boosting Photoelectric Response
Authors: Liu Mingwang , Yang Wenhong , Xiao Runshi , Qin Ying , Tan Rong , Chen Yuanxing , Gu Wenling , Hu Liuyong , Lin Yuehe , Zhu Chengzhou 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe design of heterojunctions that mimic natural photosynthetic systems holds great promise for enhancing photoelectric response. However, the limited interfacial space charge layer (SCL) often fails to provide sufficient driving force for the directional migration of inner charge carriers. Drawing inspiration from the electron transport chain (ETC) in natural photosynthesis system, we developed a novel anisotropic dual S‐scheme heterojunction artificial photosynthetic system composed of Bi2O3−BiOBr−AgI for the first time, with Bi2O3 and AgI selectively distributed along the bicrystal facets of BiOBr. Compared to traditional semiconductors, the anisotropic carrier migration in BiOBr overcomes the recombination resulting from thermodynamic diffusion, thereby establishing a potential ETC for the directional migration of inner charge carriers. Importantly, this pioneering bioinspired design overcomes the limitations imposed by the limited distribution of SCL in heterojunctions, resulting in a remarkable 55‐fold enhancement in photoelectric performance. Leveraging the etching of thiols on Ag‐based materials, this dual S‐scheme heterojunction is further employed in the construction of photoelectrochemical sensors for the detection of acetylcholinesterase and organophosphorus pesticides.
Radical‐Induced Changes in Transition Metal Interfacial Magnetic Properties: A Blatter Derivative on Polycrystalline Cobalt
Authors: Nowik‐Boltyk Ewa Malgorzata , Junghoefer Tobias , Giangrisostomi Erika , Ovsyannikov Ruslan , Shu Chan , Rajca Andrzej , Droghetti Andrea , Casu M. Benedetta 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this work, we study the interface obtained by depositing a monolayer of a Blatter radical derivative on polycrystalline cobalt. By examining the occupied and unoccupied states at the interface, using soft X‐ray techniques, combined with electronic structure calculations, we could simultaneously determine the electronic structure of both the molecular and ferromagnetic sides of the interface, thus obtaining a full understanding of the interfacial magnetic properties. We found that the molecule is strongly hybridized with the surface. Changes in the core level spectra reflect the modification of the molecule and the cobalt electronic structures inducing a decrease in the magnetic moment of the cobalt atoms bonded to the molecules which, in turn, lose their radical character. Our method allowed us to screen, beforehand, organic/ferromagnetic interfaces given their potential applications in spintronics.
High‐Voltage Catholyte for High‐Energy‐Density Nonaqueous Redox Flow Battery
Authors: McGrath Jack , Gautam Rajeev K. , Wang Xiao , Jiang Jianbing Jimmy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRedox flow batteries (RFBs) with high energy densities are essential for efficient and sustainable long‐term energy storage on a grid scale. To advance the development of nonaqueous RFBs with high energy densities, a new organic RFB system employing a molecularly engineered tetrathiafulvalene derivative ((PEG3/PerF)‐TTF) as a high energy density catholyte was developed. A synergistic approach to the molecular design of tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) was applied, with the incorporation of polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains, which enhance its solubility in organic carbonate electrolytes, and a perfluoro (PerF) group to increase its redox potential. When paired with a lithium metal anode, the two‐electron‐active (PEG3/PerF)‐TTF catholyte produced a cell voltage of 3.56 V for the first redox process and 3.92 V for the second redox process. In cyclic voltammetry and flow cell tests, the redox chemistry exhibited excellent cycling stability. The Li|(PEG3/PerF)‐TTF batteries, with concentrations of 0.1 M and 0.5 M, demonstrated capacity retention rates of ~94 % (99.87 % per cycle, 97.52 % per day) and 90 % (99.93 % per cycle, 99.16 % per day), and the average Coulombic efficiencies of 99.38 % and 98.35 %, respectively. The flow cell achieved a high power density of 129 mW/cm2. Furthermore, owing to the high redox potential and solubility of (PEG3/PerF)‐TTF, the flow cell attained a high operational energy density of 72 Wh/L (100 Wh/L theoretical). A 0.75 M flow cell exhibited an even higher operational energy density of 96 Wh/L (150 Wh/L theoretical).
Ultra‐Fast‐Healing Glassy Hyperbranched Plastics Capable of Restoring 26.4 MPa Tensile Strength within One Minute at Room Temperature
Authors: Li Weihang , Wu Haitao , Huang Yue , Yao Yihang , Hou Yujia , Teng Qiancheng , Cai Minjie , Wu Jinrong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe growing concern regarding widespread plastic pollution has propelled the development of sustainable self‐healing plastics. Although considerable efforts have been dedicated to fabricating self‐healing plastics, achieving rapid healing at room temperature is extremely challenging. Herein, we have developed an ultra‐fast‐healing glassy polyurethane (UGPU) by designing a hyperbranched molecular structure with a high density of multiple hydrogen bonds (H‐bonds) on compliant acyclic heterochains and introducing trace water to form water bridge across the fractured surfaces. The compliant acyclic heterochains allow the dense multiple hydrogen bonds to form a frozen network, enabling tensile strength of up to 70 MPa and storage modulus of 2.5 GPa. The hyperbranched structure can drive the reorganization of the H‐bonding network through the high mobility of the branched chains and terminals, thereby leading to self‐healing ability at room temperature. Intriguingly, the presence of trace water vapor facilitates the formation of activated layers and the rearrangement of networks across the fractured UGPU sections, thereby enabling ultra‐fast self‐healing at room temperature. Consequently, the restored tensile strength after healing for 1 minute achieves a historic‐record of 26.4 MPa. Furthermore, the high transparency (>90 %) and ultra‐fast healing property of UGPU make it an excellent candidate for advanced optical and structural materials.
Updating the psychological case for reparations to African Americans
Authors: Nichols Bryan K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn 2019, Medria Connolly and I wrote an article that we consider to be the theoretical foundation of our reparations activism. Since that time, a world‐wide pandemic and unprecedented protests following the extra‐judicial killing of George Floyd dramatically changed the psycho‐social landscape surrounding the reparations debate. Evidence of the third spontaneously erupted across the world and was instantaneously televised into the homes of an audience held captive by pandemic restrictions. However, a fierce and sophisticated backlash that historically follows Black advancement also materialized. Group and individual psychological strategies are offered that may help sustain the reparations movement in the face of these powerful counter forces.
Impaired inhibitory control when processing real but not cartoon emotional faces in autistic children: Evidence from an event‐related potential study
Authors: Lee Hyun Kyung , Tong Shelley Xiuli 
Published: June 2024

AbstractImpaired socioemotional functioning characterizes autistic children, but does weak inhibition control underlie their socioemotional difficulty? This study addressed this question by examining whether and, if so, how inhibition control is affected by face realism and emotional valence in school‐age autistic and neurotypical children. Fifty‐two autistic and 52 age‐matched neurotypical controls aged 10–12 years completed real and cartoon emotional face Go/Nogo tasks while event‐related potentials (ERPs) were recorded. The analyses of inhibition–emotion components (i.e., N2, P3, and LPP) and a face‐specific N170 revealed that autistic children elicited greater N2 while inhibiting Nogo trials and greater P3/LPP and late LPP for real but not cartoon emotional faces. Moreover, autistic children exhibited a reduced N170 to real face emotions only. Furthermore, correlation results showed that better behavioral inhibition and emotion recognition in autistic children were associated with a reduced N170. These findings suggest that neural mechanisms of inhibitory control in autistic children are less efficient and more disrupted during real face processing, which may affect their age‐appropriate socio‐emotional development.
Investigation of the behavior of tinnitus patients under varying listening conditions with simultaneous electroencephalography and pupillometry
Authors: Sendesen Eser , Turkyilmaz Didem 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to control all hearing thresholds, including extended high frequencies (EHFs), presents stimuli of varying difficulty levels, and measures electroencephalography (EEG) and pupillometry responses to determine whether listening difficulty in tinnitus patients is effort or fatigue‐related.MethodsTwenty‐one chronic tinnitus patients and 26 matched healthy controls having normal pure‐tone averages with symmetrical hearing thresholds were included. Subjects were evaluated with 0.125−20 kHz pure‐tone audiometry, Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test (MoCA), Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), EEG, and pupillometry.ResultsPupil dilatation and EEG alpha power during the “encoding” phase of the presented sentence in tinnitus patients were less in all listening conditions (p < .05). Also, there was no statistically significant relationship between EEG and pupillometry components for all listening conditions and THI or MoCA (p > .05).ConclusionEEG and pupillometry results under various listening conditions indicate potential listening effort in tinnitus patients even if all frequencies, including EHFs, are controlled. Also, we suggest that pupillometry should be interpreted with caution in autonomic nervous system‐related conditions such as tinnitus.
A multimodal pedagogical approach to teaching electromagnetics
Authors: Sheikh Waseem 
Published: June 2024

AbstractElectromagnetics is a core course in the undergraduate electrical engineering curriculum that entails the study of electric and magnetic fields. Students, usually, perceive it as a challenging course since it requires them to build mental models of the spatial and time‐varying electric and magnetic fields that cannot be seen by the naked eye. Moreover, the mathematics used in this subject is quite complex and abstract and can further compound the students' difficulties in connecting abstract math with real‐life industry applications. To address these challenges, the author designed an undergraduate electromagentics course, which utilized certain pedagogical techniques to enhance the learning experience of the students. These pedagogies include extensive usage of MATLAB simulations, animations, and videos during the course that helps students visualize and conceptualize abstract concepts, usage of a comprehensive course‐wide equation sheet, and highlighting the connection of the theory with real‐life applications and industry jobs. This paper presents some of the simulations designed by the author as part of this course. Moreover, the equation sheet is also reproduced and access to its source is provided for the benefit of other instructors and students. The paper also presents results from the end‐of‐semester students' survey to measure the efficacy of these pedagogical techniques.
Physicochemical Characteristics, Phenolic Components, and Antioxidant Capacities of Lavender Honey (Lavandula Spp.) from Isparta Region of Türkiye
Authors: Kolayli Sevgi , Can Zehra , Kara Yakup , Ozkok Aslı , Ozmert Ergin Sema , Kemal Mehmet , Demir Kanbur Esra 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLavender honey is one of the most desirable blossom honeys for its unique taste and aromatic qualities and can vary significantly from one region to another. In this study, melissopalynological, physicochemical and antioxidant properties of lavender honey from the Isparta region of Türkiye were investigated. The ration of the Lavandula spp. pollen were identified ranging from 9 % to 76 % in the thirteen samples. The average pH, conductivity, moisture, Hunter Lab* and proline values were 3.72, 0.22 mS/cm, 17.17 %, L*: 66.56, a*: 66.32, b*:18.41 and 576.92 mg/kg, respectively. The average F+G and F/G were 67.66 % and 1.02, respectively. The average of total phenolic (TP) and flavonoid (TF) substance were found to be 39.40 mg GAE/100 g and 3.23 mg QUE/100 g, respectively. The average total antioxidant capacity (FRAP) and DPPH radical scavenging activity values were found to be 178.28 μmol FeSO4 ⋅ 7H2O/100 g and 53.09 mg/mL, respectively. In the phenolic component analysis performed with HPLC‐PDA, p‐OH‐benzoic acid, p‐coumaric acid, chrysin and pinocembrin were detected as common polyphenols in the samples. Conclusively, despite considerable variability in their monofloral characteristics, no significant differences were observed in the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of lavender honeys.
Routine postdilation after 23 mm Sapien 3 Ultra implantation in the aortic position
Authors: Leone Pier Pasquale , Sturla Matteo , Spring Alexander M. , Echarte‐Morales Julio , Scotti Andrea , Ludwig Sebastian , Coisne Augustin , Slipczuk Leandro , Assafin Manaf , Chau Mei , Ho Edwin C. , Granada Juan F. , Latib Azeem 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundResidual transprosthetic gradient (TG) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with balloon‐expandable valves (BEV) may be due to suboptimal valve expansion.AimsTo compare hemodynamics after TAVR with small BEV according to postdilation strategy.MethodsThis observational, retrospective cohort study included 184 consecutive patients from a single center treated with 23 mm Sapien 3 Ultra (Edwards Lifesciences) BEV implantation in the aortic position and enrolled between January 2020 and April 2023. Patients treated with routine postdilation (RP, n = 73) were compared to patients treated according to local standard practice (SP, n = 111). Primary endpoint was 30‐day mean TG. Secondary endpoints were incidence of 30‐day prosthesis‐patient mismatch (PPM), technical success and device success.ResultsThirty‐day mean TG was lower in RP versus SP (12.3 ± 4.6 mmHg vs. 14.1 ± 5.7 mmHg, p = 0.031), and incidence of PPM was less common with RP versus SP (47.3% vs. 71.0%, p = 0.006). Technical success (98.6% vs. 99.1%, p = 0.637) and device success (93.1% vs. 90.1%, p = 0.330) did not differ between groups. Differences in 30‐day mean TG were driven by patients at normal flow (12.1 ± 4.0 mmHg vs. 15.0 ± 5.5 mmHg, p = 0.014), while no differences were evident among patients at low flow (12.5 ± 5.5 mmHg vs. 11.7 ± 5.5 mmHg, p = 0.644). RP decreased height and increased width of BEV, and a linear regression established that final BEV width could predict 30‐day mean TG (r = −0.6654, p < 0.0001).ConclusionsRP after TAVR with small BEV was associated with more favorable forward‐flow hemodynamics than SP.
Benzo‐Crown‐Ether Functionalized O‐BODIPY Probes for Cations – A Selective Fluorescent Probe for Ba2+
Authors: Sprenger Tobias , Schwarze Thomas , Holdt Hans‐Jürgen , Hentsch Axel , Nazaré Marc 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHerein, we report the synthesis and sensing characteristics of 4,4′‐methoxy‐substituted BODIPY fluorescent probes (O‐BODIPYs) 3, 4 and 5 equipped with differently sized benzo‐crown ethers (cf. Scheme 1, 3 (benzo‐15‐crown‐5), 4 (benzo‐18‐crown‐6) and 5 (benzo‐21‐crown7)). O‐BODIPYs 3, 4 and 5 exhibited in comparison to their known F‐BODIPY analogues 3a, 4a and 5a (cf. Scheme 1) an improved solubility in aqueous medium and higher fluorescence quantum yields. Fluorometric study in aqueous solutions of 3, 4 and 5 in the presence of different cations show cation induced fluorescence enhancements (FE). Compared to the benzo‐crown ether substituted F‐BODIPY analogues 3a, 4a and 5a, we found for the free O‐BODIPYs 3, 4 and 5 higher fluorescence quantum yields (φf) but lower cation induced FEs. We show that in aqueous medium the fluorescence quenching process (OFF switching), a photoinduced electron transfer, in O‐BODIPYs 3, 4 and 5 is less effective and consequently sensitive and selective ON switching of the fluorescence by cations, too. Albeit these observations the novel benzo‐21‐crown‐7 equipped fluorescent probe 5 exhibits a good fluorometric Ba2+ selectivity and Ba2+ sensitivity in conjunction to their aqueous solubility.
Highly Efficient Quenching of Singlet Oxygen by DNA Origami Nanostructures
Authors: Andres Garcia‐Diosa Jaime , Grundmeier Guido , Keller Adrian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDNA origami nanostructures (DONs) are able to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their scavenging efficiency toward ROS radicals was shown to be comparable to that of genomic DNA. Herein, we demonstrate that DONs are highly efficient singlet oxygen quenchers outperforming double‐stranded (ds) DNA by several orders of magnitude. To this end, a ROS mixture rich in singlet oxygen is generated by light irradiation of the photosensitizer methylene blue and its cytotoxic effect on Escherichia coli cells is quantified in the presence and absence of DONs. DONs are found to be vastly superior to dsDNA in protecting the bacteria from ROS‐induced damage and even surpass established ROS scavengers. At a concentration of 15 nM, DONs are about 50 000 times more efficient ROS scavengers than dsDNA at an equivalent concentration. This is attributed to the dominant role of singlet oxygen, which has a long diffusion length and reacts specifically with guanine. The dense packing of the available guanines into the small volume of the DON increases the overall quenching probability compared to a linear dsDNA with the same number of base pairs. DONs thus have great potential to alleviate oxidative stress caused by singlet oxygen in diverse therapeutic settings.
Platinum‐Iridium Alloy Nanoparticle Coatings Produced by Electrophoretic Deposition Reduce Impedance in 3D Neural Electrodes
Authors: Ramesh Vaijayanthi , Johny Jacob , Jakobi Jurij , Stuckert Robert , Rehbock Christoph , Barcikowski Stephan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPlatinum‐based neural electrodes, frequently alloyed with Ir or W, are routinely used to treat neurological disorders. However, their performance is impaired by an increase in impedance that compromises long‐term implant functionality. Though there are multiple coating techniques available to address this issue, electrode, and base material often exhibit a compositional mismatch, which impairs mechanical stability and may lead to toxicological side effects. In this work, we coated Pt wire electrodes with ligand‐free electrostatically stabilized colloidal Pt90Ir10, Pt90W10, and Pt50W50 alloy nanoparticles (NPs) matching electrode compositions using electrophoretic deposition (EPD) with direct‐current (DC) and pulsed‐DC fields in aqueous medium. The generated alloy NPs exhibit a solid solution structure as evidenced by HR‐TEM‐EDX and XRD, though additional WOx phases were identified in the Pt50W50 samples. Consequently, coating efficiency was also impaired in the presence of high W mass fractions in the alloy NPs. Characterization of the NP coatings by cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy yielded a significant reduction of the impedance in the Pt90Ir10 sample in comparison to the control coated with Pt NPs. The electrochemical surface area (ECSA) of the PtW alloy coatings, on the other hand, was significantly reduced.
Cultivating success: Bridging the gaps in plant breeding training in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand
Authors: Egan Lucy M. , Hofmann Rainer W. , Stiller Warwick N. , Hoyos‐Villegas Valerio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPlant breeding is a multidisciplinary applied science that is crucial for enhancing food, fodder, fuel, and fiber production globally. Using detailed surveys in three Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development countries, this study investigated the current state of the plant breeding sector across tertiary, government, and industry levels. The findings highlight increasing concerns about the shortage of trained plant breeders, especially in the private sector, impacting food security and the economy. The need for a coordinated approach between the public and private sectors is emphasized. Suggestions for improvements include the establishment of dedicated training facilities, national funds for graduate fellowships, and increased private sector involvement in plant breeding education. The importance of adapting plant breeding courses to emerging scientific and technological advancements is highlighted, along with industry‐relevant training and improved promotion of the sector. The study raises awareness of the global shortage of trained plant breeders and provides valuable insights for decision makers toward strategic planning to address global food and fiber production challenges.
Chemical and Electrochemical Characterization of Hot‐Pressed Li6PS5Cl Solid State Electrolyte: Operating Pressure‐Invariant High Ionic Conductivity
Authors: Wang Yang , Lim Ryan , Larson Karl , Knab Aidan , Fontecha Daniela , Caverly Spencer , Song Juhye , Park Chanhwi , Albertus Paul , Rubloff Gary W. , Lee Sang Bok , Kozen Alexander C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSulfide solid state electrolytes (SSE) are among the most promising materials in the effort to replace liquid electrolytes, largely due to their comparable ionic conductivities. Among the sulfide SSEs, Argyrodites (Li6PS5X, X=Cl, Br, I) further stand out due to their high theoretical ionic conductivity (~1×10−2 S cm−1) and interfacial stability against reactive metal anodes such as lithium. Generally, solid state electrolyte pellets are pressed from powder feedstock at room temperature, however, pellets fabricated by cold pressing consistently result in low bulk density and high porosity, facilitating interfacial degradation reactions and allowing dendrites to propagate through the pores and grain boundaries. Here, we demonstrate the mechanical and electrochemical implications of hot‐pressing standalone LPSCl SSE pellets with near‐theoretical ionic conductivity, superior cycling performance, and enhanced mechanical stability. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and x‐ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) analysis reveal no chemical changes to the Argyrodite surface after hot pressing up to 250 °C. Moreover, we use electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to understand mechanical stability of Argyrodite SSE pellets as a function of externally applied pressure, demonstrating for the first time pressed standalone Argyrodite pellets with near‐theoretical conductivities at external pressures below 14 MPa.