bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Cass report, gender identity, and where to go next
Authors: Knopf Alison 
Published: May 2024

Child and adolescent clinicians in the United States have to be paying attention to what has happened to gender medicine in the United Kingdom. The highly respected service at the Tavistock Clinic has come under intense criticism — confusing as that may be — and in April Hilary Cass released her report to the UK's National Health Service expressing concern for gender medicine, saying it is “built on shaky foundations.” Coupled with recent lawsuits against the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and gender‐affirming care, the standard in the United States, clinicians are left pondering their next steps. An editorial in the British Medical Journal following the release of the Cass Report gives a balanced summation. (For the report, go to Download the Final Report). The editorial is subtitled “an opportunity to unite behind evidence informed care in gender medicine.”
Boosting Supercapacitor Efficiency with Amorphous Biomass‐Derived C@TiO2 Composites
Authors: Brandão Ana T. S. C. , Rosoiu‐State Sabrina , Costa Renata , Enache Laura‐Bianca , Mihai Geanina Valentina , Potorac Pavel , Invêncio Inês , Vázquez José A. , Valcarcel Jesus , Silva A. Fernando , Anicai Liana , Pereira Carlos M. , Enachescu Marius 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCarbon materials are readily available and are essential in energy storage. One of the routes used to enhance their surface area and activity is the decoration of carbons with semiconductors, such as amorphous TiO2, for application in energy storage devices.
Tetrathiafulvalene Carboxylate‐Based Anode Material for High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Luo Yuansheng , Jia Kangkang , Li Xiaoxue , Zhang Jingwei , Huang Guimei , Zhong Cheng , Zhu Linna , Wu Fei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOrganic electrode materials are promising to be applied in sodium ion batteries (SIBs) due to their low cost and easily modified molecular structures. Nevertheless, low conductivity and high solubility in electrolytes still limit the development of organic electrodes. In this work, a carboxylate small molecule (BDTTS) based on tetrathiafulvalene is developed as anode material for SIBs. BDTTS has a large rigid π‐conjugated planar structure, which may reduce solubility in the electrolyte, meanwhile facilitating charge transporting. Experimental results and theoretical calculations both support that apart from the four carbonyl groups, the sulfur atoms on tetrathiafulvalene also provide additional active sites during the discharge/charge process. Therefore, the additional active sites can well compensate for the capacity loss caused by the large molecular weight. The as‐synthesized BDTTS electrode renders an excellent capacity of 230 mAh g−1 at a current density of 50 mA g−1 and an excellent long‐life performance of 128 mAh g−1 at 2 C after 500 cycles. This work enriches the study on organic electrodes for high‐performance SIBs and paves the way for further development and utilization of organic electrodes.
Rediscovery of the implication of albuminuria in heart failure: emerging classic index for cardiorenal interaction
Authors: Min Kyung‐Duk , Matsumoto Yuki , Asakura Masanori , Ishihara Masaharu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe development of new drugs and device therapies has led to remarkable advancements in heart failure (HF) treatment in the past couple of decades. However, it becomes increasingly evident that guideline‐directed medical therapy cannot be one‐size‐fits‐all across a wide range of ejection fractions (EFs) and various aetiologies. Therefore, classifications solely relying on EF and natriuretic peptide make optimization of treatment challenging, and there is a growing exploration of new indicators that enable efficient risk stratification of HF patients. Particularly when considering HF as a multi‐organ interaction syndrome, the cardiorenal interaction plays a central role in its pathophysiology, and albuminuria has gained great prominence as its biomarker, independent from glomerular filtration rate. Albuminuria has been shown to exhibit a linear correlation with cardiovascular disease and HF prognosis in multiple epidemiological studies, ranging from normal (<30 mg/g) to high levels (>300 mg/g). However, on the other hand, it is only recently that the details of the pathological mechanisms that give rise to albuminuria have begun to be elucidated, including the efficient compaction/tightening of the glomerular basement membrane by podocytes and mesangial cells. Interestingly, renal disease, diabetes, and HF damage these components associated with albuminuria, and experimental models have demonstrated that recently developed HF drugs reduce albuminuria by ameliorating these pathological phenotypes. In this review, facing the rapid expansion of horizons in HF treatment, we aim to clarify the current understanding of the pathophysiology of albuminuria and explore the comprehensive understanding of albuminuria by examining the clinically established evidence to date, the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to its occurrence, and the outcomes of clinical studies utilizing various drug classes committed to specific pathological mechanisms to put albuminuria as a novel axis to depict the pathophysiology of HF.
Intraluminal release of citrullinated histone 3 from various cellular origins coincides with microvascular thrombosis in burn wounds
Authors: van der Leeden Britt , Korkmaz H. Ibrahim , Vlig Marcel , Waas Ingeborg S.E. , Boekema Bouke K.H.L. , Hassan Chopie , van Zuijlen Paul P.M. , Niessen Hans W.M. , Gibbs Susan , Krijnen Paul A.J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLoss of perfusion in the burn wound might cause wound deepening and impaired healing. We previously showed persistent microvascular thrombosis coinciding with intraluminal neutrophils extracellular traps in human burned skin. This study investigates the presence of intraluminal citrullinated histone 3 (H3cit) from different cellular origins (neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes) in relation to microvascular thrombosis of burn wounds. Eschar was obtained from burn patients (n = 18) 6–40 days postburn with a mean total burned body surface area of 23%. Microvascular presence of tissue factor (TF), factor XII (FXII) and thrombi was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Intramicrovascular cell death was analyzed via immunofluorescent microscopy, combining antibodies for neutrophils (MPO), monocytes (CD14), and lymphocytes (CD45) with endothelial cell markers CD31 and H3cit. Significantly increased microvascular expression of TF, FXII, and thrombi (CD31+) was found in all eschar samples compared with control uninjured skin. Release of H3cit from different cellular origins was observed in the lumen of the dermal microvasculature in the eschar tissue 7–40 days postburn, with release from neutrophilic origin being 2.7 times more abundant. Intraluminal presence of extracellular H3cit colocalizing with either MPO, CD14, or CD45 is correlated to increased microvascular thrombosis in eschar of burn patients.
AcSac, SacSac, and SacNac, the Forgotten Sulfur‐Based Ligands and their Reactivity in the Formation of Main and Transition Metal Complexes
Authors: Rangel‐Garcia Jesus , Rivas Christopher E. , Serrano Oracio , Cristobal Crispin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAcAc (β‐acetylacetonate) are among the first ligands ever to be studied. They form stable complexes with most metals. During the 1960s, their sulfur derivatives were introduced, including AcSac (β‐thioketonate), SacSac (β‐dithioketonate) and SacNac (β‐thioketoiminate). These derivatives exhibit contrasting reactivity, stereochemical, magnetic and spectral properties to their formed complexes. Sulfur ligand‐based complexes were at their pinnacle in the early 1970s, but their fell into disuse, due to the lack of methodologies for obtaining them and the absence of synthetic tools for their structural modification. As an effort to promote the study and application of these sulfur‐ligands; this review will address their history, the properties they bring to the metal centers and their potential applications.
Cross‐cohort replicable resting‐state functional connectivity in predicting symptoms and cognition of schizophrenia
Authors: Zhao Chunzhi , Jiang Rongtao , Bustillo Juan , Kochunov Peter , Turner Jessica A. , Liang Chuang , Fu Zening , Zhang Daoqiang , Qi Shile , Calhoun Vince D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSchizophrenia (SZ) is a debilitating mental illness characterized by adolescence or early adulthood onset of psychosis, positive and negative symptoms, as well as cognitive impairments. Despite a plethora of studies leveraging functional connectivity (FC) from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to predict symptoms and cognitive impairments of SZ, the findings have exhibited great heterogeneity. We aimed to identify congruous and replicable connectivity patterns capable of predicting positive and negative symptoms as well as cognitive impairments in SZ. Predictable functional connections (FCs) were identified by employing an individualized prediction model, whose replicability was further evaluated across three independent cohorts (BSNIP, SZ = 174; COBRE, SZ = 100; FBIRN, SZ = 161). Across cohorts, we observed that altered FCs in frontal‐temporal‐cingulate‐thalamic network were replicable in prediction of positive symptoms, while sensorimotor network was predictive of negative symptoms. Temporal‐parahippocampal network was consistently identified to be associated with reduced cognitive function. These replicable 23 FCs effectively distinguished SZ from healthy controls (HC) across three cohorts (82.7%, 90.2%, and 86.1%). Furthermore, models built using these replicable FCs showed comparable accuracies to those built using the whole‐brain features in predicting symptoms/cognition of SZ across the three cohorts (r = .17–.33, p < .05). Overall, our findings provide new insights into the neural underpinnings of SZ symptoms/cognition and offer potential targets for further research and possible clinical interventions.
In vivo disentanglement of diffusion frequency‐dependence, tensor shape, and relaxation using multidimensional MRI
Authors: Johnson Jessica T. E. , Irfanoglu M. Okan , Manninen Eppu , Ross Thomas J. , Yang Yihong , Laun Frederik B. , Martin Jan , Topgaard Daniel , Benjamini Dan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDiffusion MRI with free gradient waveforms, combined with simultaneous relaxation encoding, referred to as multidimensional MRI (MD‐MRI), offers microstructural specificity in complex biological tissue. This approach delivers intravoxel information about the microstructure, local chemical composition, and importantly, how these properties are coupled within heterogeneous tissue containing multiple microenvironments. Recent theoretical advances incorporated diffusion time dependency and integrated MD‐MRI with concepts from oscillating gradients. This framework probes the diffusion frequency, , in addition to the diffusion tensor, , and relaxation, , , correlations. A clinical imaging protocol was then introduced, with limited brain coverage and 3 mm3 voxel size, which hinder brain segmentation and future cohort studies. In this study, we introduce an efficient, sparse in vivo MD‐MRI acquisition protocol providing whole brain coverage at 2 mm3 voxel size. We demonstrate its feasibility and robustness using a well‐defined phantom and repeated scans of five healthy individuals. Additionally, we test different denoising strategies to address the sparse nature of this protocol, and show that efficient MD‐MRI encoding design demands a nuanced denoising approach. The MD‐MRI framework provides rich information that allows resolving the diffusion frequency dependence into intravoxel components based on their distribution, enabling the creation of microstructure‐specific maps in the human brain. Our results encourage the broader adoption and use of this new imaging approach for characterizing healthy and pathological tissues.
The role of nurses and midwives in medical laboratory investigations in sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Window Miriam , Nayupe Symon F. , Msiska Mama T. , Lucero‐Prisno Don E. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionAcross the globe, nurses and midwives play a crucial role in providing care to patients in healthcare facilities. They often contact the patient, providing direct care as directed by medical doctors or clinical officers. Traditionally, the role of nurses and midwives in the clinical diagnosis process is to coordinate the clinical diagnosis process—which includes laboratory diagnosis requests—from diagnosticians to the clinical laboratory. In these settings, these diagnosticians are general or specialist medical doctors. However, in some regions in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA), nurses and midwives are primary diagnosticians in healthcare facilities.MethodologyWe present a perspective on the role of nurses and midwives in medical laboratory investigations in SSA. We highlight how, on top of nursing and midwifery roles, nurses take up the role of diagnosticians in facilities where doctors are few or are absent and what key issues are worth consideration. Furthermore, we present how efficient collaboration between nursing midwifery and medical laboratory diagnostic systems facilitates effective patient management.ConclusionEmphasizing training on laboratory test utilization for nurses and midwives in SSA is vital for enhancing healthcare outcomes.
Contraceptive strategies for reducing the risk of reproductive cancers
Authors: Aliabadi A. R. , Wilailak Sarikapan , McNally Orla , Berek Jonathan S. , Sridhar Aparna ,   FIGO Committee on Contraception,   FIGO Committee on Women's Cancer
Published: May 2024

AbstractReproductive cancers, encompassing various malignancies like endometrial, ovarian, cervical cancer, and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, pose a significant global health burden. Understanding their patterns is vital for effective prevention and management. Contraceptives show a protective effect against some of these cancers. This clinical guidance document aims to elucidate the disease burden of reproductive cancers and the evidence supporting contraceptive methods in prevention and management. Regional disparities in incidence and mortality highlight the urgent need for targeted interventions, particularly in low‐resource settings. Healthcare providers must weigh individual risk profiles and medical eligibility criteria when discussing contraceptive options. Enhanced health literacy through direct patient education is essential for leveraging low‐cost behavioral interventions to mitigate reproductive cancer risks.
Biofunctionalization of dental abutments by a zinc/chitosan/gelatin coating to optimize fibroblast behavior and antibacterial properties
Authors: Han Jing , Andrée Lea , Deng Dongmei , van Oirschot Bart A. J. A. , Plachokova Adelina S. , Leeuwenburgh Sander C. G. , Yang Fang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTightly sealed peri‐implant gingival tissue provides a barrier against oral bacterial invasion, protecting the alveolar bone and maintaining long‐term implant survival. To investigate if zinc can enhance the integration between peri‐implant gingival tissue and abutment surface, we herein present novel zinc/chitosan/gelatin (Zn/CS/Gel) coatings prepared using the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) technique. The effect of these coatings on human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) was investigated by culturing these cells on top of the EPD coatings. Surface characterization demonstrated that Zn2+ were released in a sustained and pH‐responsive manner. The preclinical cell culture evaluation of these coatings indicated that the zinc‐containing coatings enhanced cell migration, adhesion and collagen secretion of hGFs. Moreover, the zinc‐containing coatings exhibited antibacterial efficacy by inhibiting the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis and reducing attachment of Staphylococcus aureus. Notably, zinc‐free CS/Gel coatings prevented attachment of P. gingivalis as well. The coatings were also shown to be cytocompatible with epithelial cells and osteoblasts, which are other relevant cell types which surround dental implants after clinical placement. Based on our findings, it can be concluded that Zn‐containing coatings hold promise to enhance the adhesion of gingival tissue to the implant surface, which may potentially contribute to the formation of a robust peri‐implant soft sealing counteracting bacterial invasion.
School counselors in the classroom: A systematic review
Authors: Slaten Christopher D. , Lee Jisu , Wachter‐Morris Carrie , Williams Michael Steven , Huynh Jenny 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe American School Counseling Association has continuously defined school counselors as having a role in the classroom across four different iterations of the ASCA Model. And yet, the amount of scholarly production is limited along with the amount of time school counselors report actually spending time in the classroom with students. Further, the social‐emotional learning (SEL) movement, among others, has encouraged the utilization of teachers in classrooms to provide lessons and interventions related to the social‐emotional development of students rather than school counselors who have been trained to do so. The current study examines the literature on school counselor‐facilitated classroom interventions over the past 30 years utilizing systematic review procedures to do so. The results indicate that only 40 classroom intervention studies have been published in peer‐reviewed journals over the past 30 years. Implications for counselor education scholars and school counselors are discussed.
Comparing stimulus preference and response force in a conjugate preparation: A replication with auditory stimulation
Authors: Cook Jennifer L. , Baruni Rasha R. , Pinkston Jonathan W. , Rapp John T. , Miltenberger Raymond G. , Deshmukh Shreeya , Walker Emma , Tai Sharayah 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study examined a conjugate approach for evaluating auditory stimulus preference for 81 participants using force as a continuous response dimension. First, the researchers used a verbal preference assessment to evaluate each participant's preference for listening to five genres of music. This process identified high‐preference and low‐preference music for each participant. Thereafter, the researchers exposed each participant to the five music genres in a randomized order while using a hand dynamometer to measure their response force to increase the auditory clarity of the music. The results indicate (a) 63% of the participants' high‐preference music genres corresponded to the genre for which they exerted the highest mean force and (b) most participants' low‐preference music genres corresponded to the genre for which they exerted the lowest mean force. These findings are consistent with those from Davis et al. (2021) and further support using conjugate preparations for measuring the relative value of some stimulus events.
Scanning electron microscopic investigation onChicorytribe (Compositae) botanical sources and their antimicrobial potential
Authors: AlNadhari Saleh , Al‐Qahtani Wahidah H. , Bughio Farooque Ali , Memon Rabia Asma , Kamran Muhammad Aqeel , Toker Ömer Said , Dodona Erta , Biturku Jonida , Maho Adrian , Jaradat Nidal , Zengin Gokhan , Mammadova Afat O. , Azad Abul Kalam , Güvensen Aykut , Abdel Karimou Ngamsou 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study discusses the micro‐level structural details of Cichorieae pollen sources elucidated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and explains their symmetry and morphometry. The in‐depth knowledge from the electron ultrastructure of Asteraceae pollen has provided insights into enhanced pollen morphology, and the antimicrobial significance of species under study presents novel avenues for their natural defense mechanisms in the development of antimicrobial agents. In this research, both quantitative and qualitative features of pollen were examined. The pollen grains are prolate‐spheroidal and oblate‐spheroidal in shape, characterized by a maximum polar diameter of 55.6–61.0 μm and a maximum equatorial distance of 68.3–74.4 μm. SEM reveals various configurations such as echinate perforate‐tectate, psilate, and echino‐lophate perforate. The Cichorieae species have significant antimicrobial efficacy and are promising sources for the development of novel antimicrobial drugs with potential implications in pharmaceutical and healthcare industries. SEM analysis of Cichorieae pollens has provided remarkable insights into their unique structures, revealing diverse shapes and surface ornamentations, which can be used for accurate Asteraceae species identification.Research HighlightsSEM provides unique pollen surface structures and patterns of Chicory pollen grains.Chemical composition of Chicory botanical sources provides valuable information on their potential as antimicrobial agents.SEM imaging reveals specialized fenestrate grain structures of taxonomic importance.
The relation between resident mentorship and in‐training examination scores: A nation‐wide, cross‐sectional study in Japan
Authors: Katayama Kohta , Nishizaki Yuji , Takada Toshihiko , Kataoka Koshi , Houchens Nathan , Shimizu Taro , Yamamoto Yu , Watari Takashi , Tokuda Yasuharu , Ohira Yoshiyuki 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundMentorship is a dynamic reciprocal relationship, wherein a novice (mentee) grows with the encouragement of an advanced careerist (mentor). It is widely implemented in medical training programs. However, there are few reports on mentorship's educational effects in the Japanese context. This study investigated the association between mentorship and in‐training examination scores during a clinical residency program in Japan.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted in Japan, involving first and second year postgraduate (PGY‐1 and PGY‐2) residents set to take the General Medicine In‐Training Examination (GM‐ITE) at the end of the academic year of 2021. The GM‐ITE, developed by a non‐profit organization in 2012, assesses the overall clinical knowledge of PGY‐1 and PGY‐2 residents. Data on mentorship were obtained through an electronic survey, conducted immediately after the GM‐ITE. The association between a resident's self‐reported identification of at least one mentor and GM‐ITE score was analyzed at multiple levels.ResultsOf the total 4929 residents, 3266 (66.3%) reported having mentors. However, there was no association between mentorship and GM‐ITE scores (adjusted score difference [aSD] = −0.22; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: −0.64 to 0.19).ConclusionsAmong Japanese residents, in‐training examination scores were not associated with mentorship.
Rapid and simultaneous determination of curcuminoids and gingerols in food products containing turmeric and ginger using paper spray mass spectrometry
Authors: Bartella Lucia , Mazzotti Fabio , Talarico Ines Rosita , Santoro Ilaria , Di Donna Leonardo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTurmeric and ginger are extensively employed as functional ingredients due to their high content of curcuminoids and gingerols, considered the key bioactive compounds found in these roots. In this study, we present an innovative and fast method for the assay of curcuminoids and gingerols in different foods containing the two spices, with the aim of monitoring the quality of products from a nutraceutical perspective. The proposed approach is based on paper spray tandem mass spectrometry coupled with the use of a labeled internal standard, which has permitted to achieve the best results in terms of specificity and accuracy. All the calculated analytical parameters were satisfactory; accuracy values are around 100% for all spiked samples and the precision data result lower than 15%. The protocol was applied to several real samples, and to demonstrate its robustness and reliability, the results were compared to those arising from the common liquid chromatographic method.