bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel polymer gel for the delivery of local therapies to intracranial tumors: In vivo safety evaluation
Authors: Gerber David E. , Gallia Gary L. , Tyler Betty M. , Eberhart Charles G. , Royer Gar , Grossman Stuart A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe treatment of intracranial malignancies is limited by the ability of systemically administered therapies to cross the blood–brain barrier. Royer resorbable matrix, or R‐Gel, is a dextran polymer administered in liquid form via needle injection. Within minutes of preparation, the polymer forms a gel and subsequently solidifies, thereby conforming to the dimensions of the injection cavity. R‐Gel can accommodate a wide variety of therapeutic agents that may provide new options for local treatment delivery. This preclinical study evaluates the neurotoxicity of R‐Gel implanted in the rat brain. Fifteen rats underwent intracranial administration of R‐Gel (N = 9) or saline (N = 6) were monitored for systemic and neurotoxicity, and sacrificed at pre‐determined time points. Animals that received the R‐Gel injection demonstrated no behavioral changes or weight loss. Histopathologic analysis revealed an inflammatory response in both groups on day 3 and day 7 after implantation, which resolved by day 42. These results suggest that intracranial R‐Gel is well tolerated. Therapeutic studies of chemotherapy‐complexed R‐Gel are underway. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2011.
An efficient parallel algorithm for the calculation of unrestricted canonical MP2 energies
Authors: Baker Jon , Wolinski Krzysztof 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe present details of our efficient implementation of full accuracy unrestricted open‐shell second‐order canonical Møller–Plesset (MP2) energies, both serial and parallel. The algorithm is based on our previous restricted closed‐shell MP2 code using the Saebo–Almlöf direct integral transformation. Depending on system details, UMP2 energies take from less than 1.5 to about 3.0 times as long as a closed‐shell RMP2 energy on a similar system using the same algorithm. Several examples are given including timings for some large stable radicals with 90+ atoms and over 3600 basis functions. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011
Cysteine‐rich protein 1 is regulated by transforming growth factor‐β1 and expressed in lung fibrosis
Authors: Järvinen Päivi M. , Myllärniemi Marjukka , Liu Hester , Moore Henna M. , Leppäranta Outi , Salmenkivi Kaisa , Koli Katri , Latonen Leena , Band Arja M. , Laiho Marikki 
Published: September 2011

AbstractTransforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) is a diverse cytokine regulating growth, apoptosis, differentiation, adhesion, invasion, and extracellular matrix production. Dysregulation of TGF‐β is associated with fibrotic disorders and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, and has been linked with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Cysteine‐rich protein 1 (CRP1) is a small LIM‐domain containing protein involved in smooth muscle differentiation. Here, we show that TGF‐β1 increases the expression of CRP1 protein and that CRP1 levels increase in a biphasic fashion. A rapid transient (15–45 min) increase in CRP1 is followed by a subsequent, sustained increase in CRP1 a few hours afterwards that lasts several days. We find that TGF‐β1 regulates the expression of CRP1 through Smad and non‐conventional p38 MAPK signaling pathways in a transcription‐independent manner and that the induction occurs concomitant with an increase in myofibroblast differentiation. Using CRP1 silencing by shRNA, we identify CRP1 as a novel factor mediating cell contractility. Furthermore, we localize CRP1 to fibroblastic foci in IPF lungs and find that CRP1 is significantly more expressed in IPF as compared to control lung tissue. The results show that CRP1 is a novel TGF‐β1 regulated protein that is expressed in fibrotic lesions and may be relevant in the IPF disease. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 2605–2612, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Design and synthesis of novel cytotoxic agents based on combined framework of quinoline and nimesulide
Authors: Reddy Lingam Venkata , Kethavath Mohan , Nakka Mamatha , Beevi Syed Sultan , Mangamoori Lakshmi Narasu , Mukkanti Khagga , Pal Sarbani 
Published: September 2011

AbstractFunctionalization of quinoline aldehydes, derived from nimesulide framework was carried out using Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) chemistry. A number of novel quinoline‐based diverse MBH adducts was prepared via the reaction of derivatives of 2‐chloroquinoline‐3‐carbaldehyde and various activated alkenes in good yields. Many of these compounds were found to be potent when tested against human prostate cancer (Pc‐3) cell line in vitro. Among all the compounds tested N‐(2‐chloro‐3‐(2‐cyano‐1‐hydroxyallyl)‐7‐phenoxyquinolin‐6‐yl)formamide (IC50 = 1.2 μg mL−1) was identified as the most potent compound in this series. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2012).
Cartilage fragments from osteoarthritic knee promote chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells without exogenous growth factor induction
Authors: Chen Chia‐Chun , Liao Cheng‐Hao , Wang Yao‐Horng , Hsu Yuan‐Ming , Huang Shih‐Horng , Chang Chih‐Hung , Fang Hsu‐Wei 
Published: September 2011

AbstractExtracellular matrix (ECM) is thought to participate significantly in guiding the differentiation process of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In this study, we hypothesized that cartilage fragments from osteoarthritic knee could promote chondrogenesis of MSCs. Nonworn parts of cartilage tissues were obtained during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery. Cartilage fragments and MSCs were wrapped into fibrin glue; and the constructs were implanted subcutaneously into nude mice. Histological analysis showed neocartilage‐like structure with positive Alcian blue staining in the cartilage fragment–fibrin–MSC constructs. However, constructs with only MSCs in fibrin showed condensed appearance like MSCs in the pellet culture. Gene expression of type II collagen in the constructs with 60 mg cartilage fragments were significantly elevated after 4 weeks of implantation. Conversely, the constructs without cartilage fragments failed to express type II collagen, which indicated MSCs did not differentiate into a chondrogenic lineage. In conclusion, we demonstrated the effect of cartilage fragments from osteoarthritic knee in promoting chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs. This may be a favorable strategy for MSC chondrogenesis without exogenous growth factor induction. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:393–400, 2012
Predictors of suicidal ideation in veterans with PTSD related to military sexual trauma
Authors: Surís Alina , Link‐Malcolm Jessica , North Carol S. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPredictors of suicidal ideation (SI) were examined in a sample of veterans (N = 128) diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) related to military sexual trauma. Suicidal ideation was predicted by both depressive symptom severity and posttraumatic symptom severity in separate correlation analyses. When controlling for the effects of depressive and posttraumatic symptom severity on one another in the prediction of SI in a single multiple regression model, however, only depressive symptoms independently predicted SI. These analyses suggest that the contribution of PTSD symptom severity to the prediction of SI is reduced by adding depressive symptoms. Hyperarousal symptom severity, however, was found in a separate multiple regression model to contribute independently to the prediction of SI controlling for depressive symptom severity.
Silibinin modulates TNF‐α and IFN‐γ mediated signaling to regulate COX2 and iNOS expression in tumorigenic mouse lung epithelial LM2 cells
Authors: Tyagi Alpna , Agarwal Chapla , Dwyer‐Nield Lori D. , Singh Rana P. , Malkinson Alvin M. , Agarwal Rajesh 
Published: September 2011

AbstractSilibinin inhibits mouse lung tumorigenesis in part by targeting tumor microenvironment. Tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) and interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) can be pro‐ or anti‐tumorigenic, but in lung cancer cell lines they induce pro‐inflammatory enzymes cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Accordingly, here we examined mechanism of silibinin action on TNF‐α + IFN‐γ (hereafter referred as cytokine mixture) elicited signaling in tumor‐derived mouse lung epithelial LM2 cells. Both signal transducers and activators of the transcription (STAT)3 (tyr705 and ser727) and STAT1 (tyr701) were activated within 15 min of cytokine mixture exposure, while STAT1 (ser727) activated after 3 h. Cytokine mixture also activated Erk1/2 and caused an increase in both COX2 and iNOS levels. Pretreatment of cells with a MEK, NF‐κB, and/or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor inhibited cytokine mixture‐induced activation of Erk1/2, NF‐κB, or EGFR, respectively, and strongly decreased phosphorylation of STAT3 and STAT1 and expression of COX2 and iNOS. Also, janus family kinases (JAK)1 and JAK2 inhibitors specifically decreased cytokine‐induced iNOS expression, suggesting possible roles of JAK1, JAK2, Erk1/2, NF‐κB, and EGFR in cytokine mixture‐caused induction of COX2 and iNOS expression via STAT3/STAT1 activation in LM2 cells. Importantly, silibinin pretreatment inhibited cytokine mixture‐induced phosphorylation of STAT3, STAT1, and Erk1/2, NF‐κB‐DNA binding, and expression of COX2, iNOS, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)2, and MMP9, which was mediated through impairment of STAT3 and STAT1 nuclear localization. Silibinin also inhibited cytokine mixture‐induced migration of LM2 cells. Together, we showed that STAT3 and STAT1 could be valuable chemopreventive and therapeutic targets within the lung tumor microenvironment in addition to being targets within tumor itself, and that silibinin inhibits their activation as a plausible mechanism of its efficacy against lung cancer. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gender differences in contractile and passive properties of mdx extensor digitorum longus muscle
Authors: Hakim Chady H. , Duan Dongsheng 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIntroduction: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe, muscle‐wasting disease caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene. The mdx mouse is the first and perhaps the most commonly used animal model for study of DMD. Both male and female mdx mice are used. However, it is not completely clear whether gender influences contraction and the passive mechanical properties of mdx skeletal muscle. Methods: We compared isometric tetanic forces and passive forces of the extensor digitorum longus muscle between male and female mdx mice. Results: At age 6 months, female mdx mice showed better‐preserved specific tetanic force. Interestingly, at 20 months of age, female mdx muscle appeared stiffer. Conclusions: Our results suggest that gender may profoundly influence physiological measurement outcomes in mdx mice. Gender should be considered when using the mdx model. Muscle Nerve, 2012
Investigating Variation in the Prevalence of Weathering in Faunal Assemblages in the UK: A Multivariate Statistical Approach
Authors: Madgwick R. , Mulville J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis article presents an exploratory multivariate statistical approach to gaining a more comprehensive understanding of variation in sub‐aerial bone weathering in a British context. Weathering is one of the most common taphonomic modifications and provides a crucial line of evidence for reconstructing the taphonomic trajectories of faunal assemblages and archaeological deposits. It provides clear evidence for prolonged subaerial exposure, either prior to deposition in a context or as a result of later disturbance. In combination with other taphonomic indices such as gnawing, trampling, abrasion and fracture patterns, weathering can be used to reconstruct depositional histories and to investigate the structured treatment of different body parts or taxa. As a broad range of factors affect the prevalence and severity of weathering, weathering patterns can rarely be interpreted at face value indeed many variables such as predepositional microenvironment cannot be traced archaeologically. Other contributory factors pertaining to the structural properties of elements and taxa can be discerned and must be taken into account in interpreting weathering signatures although disagreement exists regarding which variables are most important in mediating weathering. In addition, for zooarchaeologists to interpret modification patterns, it is necessary for elements and taxa that are most likely to be affected by weathering to be defined. Deposits that are dominated by susceptible classes of remains are likely to exhibit greater modification than deposits that are not, even if depositional histories were similar. Through a combination of classification tree and ordinal regression analysis, this article identifies which archaeologically recoverable variables explain the greatest variance in weathering and which anatomical elements and taxa are most likely to be affected in archaeological deposits in the UK. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The impact of changing financial work incentives on the earnings of Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) beneficiaries
Authors: Weathers Robert R. , Hemmeter Jeffrey 
Published: September 2011

AbstractSSDI beneficiaries lose their entire cash benefit if they perform work that is substantial gainful activity (SGA) after using Social Security work incentive programs. The complete loss of benefits might be a work disincentive for beneficiaries. We report results from a pilot project that replaces the complete loss of benefits with a gradual reduction in benefits of $1 for every $2 earned above an earnings disregard level. Beneficiaries who volunteered to participate in the project were randomly assigned to a group receiving the new program or to a control group. The policy led to a 25 percent increase in the percentage of beneficiaries with earnings above the annualized SGA amount, or $11,760 in 2009 dollars. It did not result in a reduction in benefit payments. © 2011 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.
Bothrops jararaca venom proteome rearrangement upon neonate to adult transition
Authors: Zelanis André , Tashima Alexandre K. , Pinto Antônio F. M. , Paes Leme Adriana F. , Stuginski Daniel R. , Furtado Maria F. , Sherman Nicholas E. , Ho Paulo L. , Fox Jay W. , Serrano Solange M. T. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe pharmacological activities displayed by Bothrops jararaca venom undergo a significant ontogenetic shift. Similarly, the diet of this species changes from ectothermic prey in early life to endothermic prey in adulthood. In this study we used large and representative newborn and adult venom samples consisting of pools from 694 and 110 specimens, respectively, and demonstrate a significant ontogenetic shift in the venom proteome complexity of B. jararaca. 2‐DE coupled to MS protein identification showed a clear rearrangement of the toxin arsenal both in terms of the total proteome, as of the glycoproteome. N‐glycosylation seems to play a key role in venom protein variability between newborn and adult specimens. Upon the snake development, the subproteome of metalloproteinases undergoes a shift from a P‐III‐rich to a P‐I‐rich profile while the serine proteinase profile does not vary significantly. We also used isobaric tag labeling (iTRAQ) of venom tryptic peptides for the first time to examine the quantitative changes in the venom toxins of B. jararaca upon neonate to adult transition. The iTRAQ analysis showed changes in various toxin classes, especially the proteinases. Our study expands the in‐depth understanding of venom complexity variation particularly with regard to toxin families that have been associated with envenomation pathogenesis.
Structural mechanisms of constitutive activation in the C5a receptors with mutations in the extracellular loops: Molecular modeling study
Authors: Nikiforovich Gregory V. , Baranski Thomas J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPreviously we demonstrated by random saturation mutagenesis a set of mutations in the extracellular (EC) loops that constitutively activate the C5a receptor (C5aR) (Klco et al., Nat Struct Mol Biol 2005;12:320–326; Klco et al., J Biol Chem 2006;281:12010–12019). In this study, molecular modeling revealed possible conformations for the extracellular loops of the C5a receptors with mutations in the EC2 loop or in the EC3 loop. Comparison of low‐energy conformations of the EC loops defined two distinct clusters of conformations typical either for strongly constitutively active mutants of C5aR (the CAM cluster) or for nonconstitutively active mutants (the non‐CAM cluster). In the CAM cluster, the EC3 loop was turned towards the transmembrane (TM) helical bundle and more closely interacted with EC2 than in the non‐CAM cluster. This suggested a structural mechanism of constitutive activity where EC3 contacts EC2 leading to EC2 interactions with helix TM3, thus triggering movement of TM7 towards TM2 and TM3. The movement initiates rearrangement of the system of hydrogen bonds between TM2, TM3 and TM7 including formation of the hydrogen bond between the side chains of D822.50 in TM2 and N2967.49 in TM7, which is crucial for formation of the activated states of the C5a receptors (Nikiforovich et al., Proteins: Struct Funct Gene 2011;79:787–802). Since the relative large length of EC3 in C5aR (13 residues) is comparable with those in many other members of rhodopsin family of GPCRs (13–19 residues), our findings might reflect general mechanisms of receptor constitutive activation. The very recent X‐ray structure of the agonist‐induced constitutively active mutant of rhodopsin (Standfuss et al., Nature 2011;471:656–660) is discussed in view of our modeling results. Proteins 2012; © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Explosion of fixed roof atmospheric storage tanks, part 1: Background and review of case histories
Authors: Taveau Jérôme 
Published: September 2011

AbstractMany flammable products are stored in large tanks at atmospheric pressure. Ignition of a hydrocarbon–air mixture in such tanks can lead to an explosion and cause lethal casualties or damage the surrounding facilities and buildings. To apprehend this, safety distances for humans, structures and equipments need to be defined. Several simple methodologies have been set up to estimate safety distances in case of an atmospheric storage tank explosion.This first article gives an overview of accident frequencies of atmospheric storage tanks and past accidents described in the open literature, to show the possible accidental sequences, underline the most frequent causes involved in explosions of atmospheric storage tank, and highlight the potential consequences of such accidents. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog, 2011
More than Counter‐urbanisation: Migration to Popular and Less‐popular Rural Areas in the Netherlands
Authors: Bijker Rixt Anke , Haartsen Tialda 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTMigration into rural areas in Western countries is often explained by the pull of the rural idyll for urban, middle‐class migrants. Although previous research has shown that this counter‐urbanisation model is insufficient to explain rural immigration in sparsely populated countries, this paper shows that also within core regions, more diverse conceptualisations of migration into rural areas are required. This is achieved by distinguishing popular, average, and less‐popular rural living areas in the northern Netherlands, on the basis of average house prices, and by analysing the migration flows to these areas. Data from Housing Research of the Netherlands demonstrate that popular rural areas attract more highly educated people and people moving from urban areas compared with less‐popular and average rural areas. For movers to less‐popular areas, being near to family and friends is more important. The characteristics of the movers to popular rural areas fit very well with the counter‐urbanisation story. Less‐popular rural areas in the Netherlands share personal reasons as an important motivation for in‐migration with more remote rural areas in Europe. This indicates that conceptualisations of periphery and remoteness have to be considered within the local, regional, and national context. Research into rural population change in both core regions and sparsely populated countries should consider these different contexts to be able to acknowledge the variety in the way amenities and peripherality are perceived by different groups of people. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thermal properties of new varieties of yam starches
Authors: N'da Kouamé Valentine , Handschin Stephan , Derungs Matthias , Amani Georges N'guessan , Conde‐Petit Béatrice 
Published: September 2011

AbstractStarches isolated from yam varieties of Dioscorea alata and Dioscorea cayenensis‐rotundata species were prepared at different time–temperature conditions and characterised by DSC, amperometric iodine titration, light microscopy and rheology and compared to native and chemical modified tapioca starches. The observation by light microscopy showed different morphologies of the granules when heated above 100°C and the tendency for disintegration decreased in the order native tapioca starch > yam starch > modified tapioca starch. Differences between yam and tapioca starches were also revealed by DSC. Yam starch enthalpy is higher than tapioca starch, but the peak temperature is low. However, the significant differences between yam and the other tested starches were found in terms of their rheological behaviour. The viscosity of yam starch was very stable at high temperatures on the viscograph. With this property, yam starch can be used as thickening and gelling agent in food.
Saturation performance analysis of directional CSMA/CA in mmWave WPANs
Authors: Kim Meejoung , Kim Yongsun , Lee Wooyong 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTThe millimeter‐wave (mmWave) band offers the potential for multi‐gigabit indoor wireless personal area networks (WPANs). However, there are problems such as the short wavelength and high propagation losses. In order to compensate for these, it is highly recommended to use directional antennas at the physical layer. In this paper, directional carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) is analyzed in IEEE 802.15.3c, a standard for mmWave WPANs, under a saturated environment. A Markov chain model is presented and analyzed for the no‐acknowledgment (No‐ACK) mode. For the analysis, the device interaction is considered using directional antennas over a shared channel. A Markov chain model is presented in which the features of IEEE 802.15.3c such as backoff counter freezing and the effects of using directional antennas are incorporated. The maximal number of frames that can be transmitted concurrently and successfully is derived by an algorithm, and the system throughput and the average transmission delay are obtained in the closed forms. Numerical results show that the effects of using directional antennas in CSMA/CA and the overall analysis are verified by the simulation. The obtained results illustrate the physical layer impact on the CSMA/CA medium access control protocol, and these insights can be helpful in developing a medium access control protocol for enhancing the performance of mmWave WPANs. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.