bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Curative Strategies for Liver Metastases from Colorectal Cancer: A Review
Authors: Zdenkowski Nicholas , Chen Stanley , Westhuizen Andre , Ackland Stephen 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Among patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer, determine which would benefit from liver resection, the timing for surgery, and an appropriate perioperative chemotherapy regimen.Determine which patients are candidates for perioperative chemotherapy and the appropriate timing of chemotherapy, and describe the relevant toxicities and their impact on morbidity and mortality.
This article is available for continuing medical education credit at CME.TheOncologist.com
Colorectal cancer is a very common malignancy and frequently manifests with liver metastases, often without other systemic disease. Margin-negative (R0) resection of limited metastatic disease, in conjunction with systemic antineoplastic agents, is the primary treatment strategy, leading to long survival times for appropriately selected patients. There is debate over whether the primary tumor and secondaries should be removed at the same time or in a staged manner. Chemotherapy is effective in converting some unresectable liver metastases into resectable disease, with a correspondingly better survival outcome. However, the ideal chemotherapy with or without biological agents and when it should be administered in the course of treatment are uncertain. The role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in initially resectable liver metastases is controversial. Local delivery of chemotherapy, with and without surgery, can lead to longer disease-free survival times, but it is not routinely used with curative intent. This review focuses on methods to maximize the disease-free survival interval using chemotherapy, surgery, and local methods.
Process Integration and Information Sharing in Supply Chains
Authors: Schloetzer Jason D. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT
This study examines whether the potential for hold-up in supply chains influences the extent of process integration and information sharing between partners. The analysis uses performance scorecards and financial performance data collected from a major manufacturer regarding its contractual arrangements with 156 distributors. I find that distributors engage in less extensive process integration and information sharing with the manufacturer as the potential for hold-up increases, measured by the asymmetry of interdependence between partners. I also find that distributors engage in more extensive process integration and information sharing as the potential for hold-up decreases, measured by the magnitude of interdependence between partners. Additional evidence shows that more extensive process integration and information sharing have favorable financial performance implications for supply chain partners and enhance the likelihood of distributor contract renewal. Overall, the results indicate that the potential for hold-up can restrict the performance benefits available to partners from developing more extensive supply chain integration practices.
Data Availability: A confidentiality agreement restricts data availability. Some data have been modified by a common factor to preserve research site confidentiality.
An Examination of Partner Perceptions of Partner Rotation: Direct and Indirect Consequences to Audit Quality
Authors: Daugherty Brian E. , Dickins Denise , Hatfield Richard C. , Higgs Julia L. 
Published: January 2012

SUMMARY
Using structured interviews and surveys of practicing audit partners, this study examines their perceptions with regard to mandatory partner rotation and cooling-off periods, and how recently enacted, more stringent rules, may negatively impact auditors' quality of life to the detriment of audit quality. Results suggest rotation, in general, increases partners' workloads and the likelihood of relocation. Additionally, results suggest that in response to accelerated rotation (and an extended cooling-off period), partners would rather learn a new industry than relocate. Importantly, partners perceive audit quality suffers from retraining, but not from relocating. Thus these results suggest an indirect, negative impact, and unintended consequence, of accelerated rotation/extended cooling-off periods on audit quality.
Data Availability: The survey instrument is available upon request. Individual audit partner responses are confidential.
The Effects of Tacit Knowledge on Earnings Management Behavior in the Presence and Absence of Monitoring at Different Levels of Firm Performance
Authors: Rosman Andrew J. , Biggs Stanley F. , Hoskin Robert E. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT
Archival and behavioral research suggests that discretionary accruals are managed to increase bonuses when the risk of being discovered is lowest. While such strategic behavior has been suggested in past research, this study experimentally manipulates two important situational variables (monitoring of discretionary accruals and firm performance relative to a specific bonus range) to provide more direct evidence of such behavior. Further, we investigate whether knowledge of how to manage earnings strategically is learned tacitly over time through experience in a series of three studies. While more experienced participants in study 1 acted more strategically than less experienced participants, it is difficult to say that this is due to tacit knowledge rather than another variable that is related to experience in the same way as tacit knowledge. To further clarify this point, we performed study 2 to establish that novices do not behave strategically the way experienced participants do, and our results bear this out. To better understand what drives this result, we collected a third set of data on risk perceptions. The underlying argument for the use of this measure is that tacit knowledge about earnings management is actually knowledge about when the benefits to acting strategically will be greater than the potential risks. Again, results support our expectation in that more experienced participants appear to recognize the potential benefit of upward earnings management, but only in the no monitoring condition where the potential risk of getting caught is low.
Data Availability: Contact the authors.
Using a “Daily Motivational Quiz” to Increase Student Preparation, Attendance, and Participation
Authors: Braun Karen Wilken , Sellers R. Drew 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT
Introductory accounting classes are predominately composed of freshman and sophomore nonaccounting majors, who may not be as motivated as upper-level accounting majors. As a result, instructors of introductory accounting courses are challenged in finding effective strategies to motivate these students to: (1) prepare for class, (2) arrive to class on time, and (3) participate in meaningful class discussions and activities. To address these issues, we give a short daily quiz at the beginning of each class. The quiz consists of three easy-to-grade conceptual questions that students should be able to answer, provided that they have read the assigned textbook pages. Empirical evidence suggests that the daily quiz has the desired motivational effect on student behavior with respect to preparation, punctual attendance, and participation. In addition, lower failure rates occurred in semesters that incorporated a daily quiz. Finally, use of the daily quiz had no adverse effect on course and instructor evaluations.
A Critical Analysis of the Pedagogical Approach Employed in an Introductory Course to IFRS
Authors: Coetzee Stephen A. , Schmulian Astrid 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT
This paper, through case analysis employing analytical autoethnography, investigates the pedagogical approach employed in an introductory course to IFRS. This course is part of a professional accounting education program in South Africa. The analysis reflected the teacher-centered orientation of the pedagogy employed, despite warnings in the literature that such an approach may be inappropriate in educating future accounting professionals. The adopted approach has, however, contributed to the success of alumni in the professional accountancy examinations. Further, these graduates' technical proficiency ensures they are almost immediately productive in the real world. Whether these graduates have been provided with an adequate foundation for long-term career success is, however, debatable.
American Cancer Society guidelines on nutrition and physical activity for cancer prevention
Authors: Kushi Lawrence H. , Doyle Colleen , McCullough Marji , Rock Cheryl L. , Demark‐Wahnefried Wendy , Bandera Elisa V. , Gapstur Susan , Patel Alpa V. , Andrews Kimberly , Gansler Ted ,   The American Cancer Society 2010 Nutrition and Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe American Cancer Society (ACS) publishes Nutrition and Physical Activity Guidelines to serve as a foundation for its communication, policy, and community strategies and, ultimately, to affect dietary and physical activity patterns among Americans. These Guidelines, published approximately every 5 years, are developed by a national panel of experts in cancer research, prevention, epidemiology, public health, and policy, and they reflect the most current scientific evidence related to dietary and activity patterns and cancer risk. The ACS Guidelines focus on recommendations for individual choices regarding diet and physical activity patterns, but those choices occur within a community context that either facilitates or creates barriers to healthy behaviors. Therefore, this committee presents recommendations for community action to accompany the 4 recommendations for individual choices to reduce cancer risk. These recommendations for community action recognize that a supportive social and physical environment is indispensable if individuals at all levels of society are to have genuine opportunities to choose healthy behaviors. The ACS Guidelines are consistent with guidelines from the American Heart Association and the American Diabetes Association for the prevention of coronary heart disease and diabetes, as well as for general health promotion, as defined by the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans and the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. CA Cancer J Clin 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Comment mettre en œuvre l'intrapreneuriat ?
Authors: Bouchard Véronique , Fayolle Alain 
Published: January 2012

Résumé Le fait d’inciter les employés à adopter des attitudes et des comportements entrepreneuriaux apparaît à un nombre croissant d’acteurs économiques comme un remède adéquat à l’inertie, à la rigidité et au manque de créativité et d’innovation des entreprises. Mais comment, en pratique, peut-on encourager ces attitudes et ces comportements ? Notre article propose, après une revue des principaux leviers adoptés par 22 entreprises, une typologie des dispositifs intrapreneuriaux les plus fréquemment utilisés et implantés.
Strategic Procedures and Revisions for implementing Telemedicine and Telecare in Greece
Authors: Tsirintani M. 
Published: January 2012

SummaryThe development of telemedicine and telecare has been changed all over the world the recent decades as practitioners and health care managers reached better understanding of the use of information and communication technologies to offer urgent and qualified medical services at a distance. Governments and health care providers have shown a large initial interest in the benefits of telemedicine services to reduce costs mostly for patient’s transfer to tertiary hospitals or for educational purposes but have been slow to provide strategic plans and procedures in order to proceed the projects into practice.The paper identifies the involvement of governments, healthcare management, healthcare professionals and IT suppliers in telemedicine policy development and reviews the experience of Greece in the specific field which seems that despite the enormous scientific interest for both medicine and health informatics, the practice until now has not gained the expected results. Furthermore, the analysis concerns the critical success factors that have to be revised simultaneously with the main managerial principles for the design and implementation of quality telemedicine and telecare services.
Patterns of compartment involvement in tibiofemoral osteoarthritis in men and women and in whites and African Americans
Authors: Wise Barton L. , Niu Jingbo , Yang Mei , Lane Nancy E. , Harvey William , Felson David T. , Hietpas Jean , Nevitt Michael , Sharma Leena , Torner Jim , Lewis C. E. , Zhang Yuqing ,   Multicenter Osteoarthritis (MOST) Group
Published: January 2012

AbstractObjectiveWe conducted a cross‐sectional study to describe the prevalence of tibiofemoral joint space narrowing (JSN) in medial and lateral compartments and assess whether it differs by sex and ethnic groups, and, if it does, to what extent such a difference is accounted for by knee malalignment.MethodsThe Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study is an observational study of persons ages 50–79 years with either symptomatic knee osteoarthritis or high risk of disease. Knee radiographs were assessed for JSN in each tibiofemoral compartment. Mechanical axis angle was measured using full‐extremity films. We compared the proportion of knees with medial compartment JSN and with lateral JSN between men and women, as well as between whites and African Americans, using a logistic regression model adjusting for covariates (race or sex and body mass index, age, education, and clinic site). We used generalized estimating equations to account for correlation between 2 knees within a person.ResultsOf 5,202 knees (2,652 subjects), 1,532 (29.5%) had medial JSN and 427 (8.2%) had lateral JSN. Lateral JSN was more prevalent in the knees of women than in men (odds ratio [OR] 1.9, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.5–2.4) and was also higher in the knees of African Americans than in whites (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.7–3.3). Further adjustment for malalignment attenuated the OR for sex but not the OR for race.ConclusionWomen and African Americans are more likely to have lateral JSN than men and whites, respectively. Valgus malalignment may contribute to the higher prevalence in women.
On dark energy and accelerated reference frames
Authors: Ulhoa S.C. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe paper is devoted to an explanation of the accelerated rate of expansion of the Universe. Usually the acceleration of the Universe, which is described by FRW metric, is due to dark energy. It is shown that this effect may be considered as a manifestation of torsion tensor for a flat Universe in the realm of Teleparallel gravity. An observer with radial field velocity obey Hubble's Law. As a consequence it is established that this is radial acceleration in a flat Universe. In Eq. (35) the acceleration is written in terms of the deceleration parameter, the Hubble’s constant and the proper distance. This may be interpreted as an acceleration of the Universe.
Impact of nationwide centralization of pancreaticoduodenectomy on hospital mortality
Authors:   for the Dutch Pancreatic Cancer Group, de Wilde R F , Besselink M G H , van der Tweel I , de Hingh I H J T , van Eijck C H J , Dejong C H C , Porte R J , Gouma D J , Busch O R C , Molenaar I Q 
Published: January 2012

Abstract

Background
The impact of nationwide centralization of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) on mortality is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to analyse changes in hospital volumes and in-hospital mortality after PD in the Netherlands between 2004 and 2009.

Methods
Nationwide data on International Classification of Diseases, ninth revision (ICD-9) code 5-526 (PD, including Whipple), patient age, sex and mortality were retrieved from the independent nationwide KiwaPrismant registry. Based on established cut-off points of annually performed PDs, hospitals were categorized as very low (fewer than 5), low (5–10), medium (11–19) or high (at least 20) volume. A subgroup analysis based on a cut-off age of 70 years was also performed.

Results
Some 2155 PDs were included. The number of hospitals performing PD decreased from 48 in 2004 to 30 in 2009 (P = 0·011). In these specific years, the proportion of patients undergoing PD in a medium- or high-volume centre increased from 52·9 to 91·2 per cent (P &lt; 0·001). Nationwide mortality rates after PD decreased from 9·8 to 5·1 per cent (P = 0·044). The mortality rate during the 6-year period was 14·7, 9·8, 6·3 and 3·3 per cent in very low-, low-, medium- and high-volume hospitals respectively (P &lt; 0·001). The difference in mortality between medium- and high-volume centres was statistically significant (P = 0·004). The volume–outcome relationship was not influenced by age (P = 0·467). The mortality rate after PD in patients aged at least 70 years was 10·4 per cent compared with 4·4 per cent in younger patients (P &lt; 0·001).

Conclusion
With nationwide centralization of PD, the in-hospital mortality rate after this procedure decreased. Further centralization of PD is likely to decrease mortality further, especially in the elderly.
Natural and Engineered Plasmin Inhibitors: Applications and Design Strategies
Authors: Swedberg Joakim E. , Harris Jonathan M. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe serine protease plasmin is ubiquitously expressed throughout the human body in the form of the zymogen plasminogen. Conversion to active plasmin occurs through enzymatic cleavage by plasminogen activators. The plasminogen activator/plasmin system has a well‐established function in the removal of intravascular fibrin deposition through fibrinolysis and the inhibition of plasmin activity; this has found widespread clinical use in reducing perioperative bleeding. Increasing evidence also suggests diverse, although currently less defined, roles for plasmin in a number of physiological and pathological processes relating to extracellular matrix degradation, cell migration and tissue remodelling. In particular, dysregulation of plasmin has been linked to cancer invasion/metastasis and various chronic inflammatory conditions; this has prompted efforts to develop inhibitors of this protease. Although a number of plasmin inhibitors exist, they commonly suffer from poor potency and/or specificity of inhibition that either results in reduced efficacy or prevents clinical use. Consequently, there is a need for further development of high‐affinity plasmin inhibitors that maintain selectivity over other serine proteases. This review summarises clearly defined and potential applications for plasmin inhibition. The properties of naturally occurring and engineered plasmin inhibitors are discussed in the context of current knowledge regarding plasmin structure, specificity and function. This includes design strategies to obtain the potency and specificity of inhibition in addition to controlled temporal and spatial distribution tailored for the intended use.
Seasonally Accumulation of Microcystins in the Various Tissues of an Endemic and Protected Fish Species (Rutilus panosi) with Different Sizes
Authors: Papadimitriou Theodoti , Kagalou Ifigenia , Leonardos Ioannis D. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe present study was undertaken to investigate the accumulation of microcystins (MCYST) in the various tissues of an endemic and protected fish species (Rutilus panosi). We also tried to identify any differences in sensitivity and accumulation of MCYST, for various specimens of the same fish species related to body length. MCYST concentrations in lake water and fish tissues were determined by a commercial Microcystin ELISA kit. Results showed that considerable amount of toxins were found to be accumulated in tissues of R. panosi throughout the year. Among them, liver had the highest MCYST concentrations (407.97 ± 32.43 ng/g). This study confirmed the accumulation of high MCYST concentrations in fish brain (308.75 ± 26.49 ng/g). Our results suggest, that MCYST accumulation in R. panosi tissues is size depended. High MCYST concentration in the muscle of the fish increases the risk of unsafe consumption, thus threatening human health.
Physiological and anatomical evidence for an inhibitory trigemino‐oculomotor pathway in the cat
Authors: May Paul J. , Vidal Pierre‐Paul , Baker Harriet , Baker Robert 
Published: January 2012

AbstractDuring blink down‐phase, the levator palpebrae superioris (levator) muscle is inactivated, allowing the orbicularis oculi muscle to act. For trigeminal reflex blinks, the excitatory connections from trigeminal sensory nuclei to the facial nucleus have been described, but the pathway whereby the levator is turned off have not. We examined this question by use of both physiological and anatomical approaches in the cat. Intracellular records from antidromically activated levator motoneurons revealed that periorbital electrical stimulation produced bilateral, long latency inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs). Central electrical stimulation of the principal trigeminal nucleus produced shorter latency IPSPs. Intracellular staining revealed that these motoneurons reside in the caudal central subdivision and have 10 or more poorly branched dendrites, which extend bilaterally into the surrounding supraoculomotor area. Axons penetrated in this region could be activated from periorbital and central electrodes. Neurons labeled from tracer injections into the caudal oculomotor complex were distributed in a crescent‐shaped band that lined the ventral and rostral aspects of the pontine trigeminal sensory nucleus. Double‐label immunohistochemical procedures demonstrated that these cells were not tyrosine hydroxylase‐positive cells in the Kölliker‐Fuse area. Instead, supraorbital nerve afferents displayed a similar crescent‐shaped distribution, suggesting they drive these trigemino‐oculomotor neurons. Anterograde labeling of the trigemino‐oculomotor projection indicates that it terminates bilaterally, in and above the caudal central subdivision. These results characterize a trigemino‐oculomotor pathway that inhibits levator palpebrae motoneurons in response to blink‐producing periorbital stimuli. The bilateral distributions of trigemino‐oculomotor afferents, levator motoneurons, and their dendrites supply a morphological basis for conjugate lid movements. J. Comp. Neurol. 520:2218–2240, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.