bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic potential of wavelength-integrated scattering polarisation in the solar He II Ly-αline
Authors: Riva Fabio , Janett Gioele , Belluzzi Luca 
Published: May 2024

Aims.The main goal of this work is to study the potential of the He IILy-αwavelength-integrated scattering polarisation for probing the magnetism of the solar upper chromosphere. Meanwhile, the suitability of different modelling approximations is investigated.Methods.Radiative transfer calculations are performed in semi-empirical 1D solar atmospheres, out of local thermodynamic equilibrium, considering a two-term atomic model and accounting for the Hanle, Zeeman, and magneto-optical effects. The problem is suitably linearised and discretised, and the resulting numerical system is solved with a matrix-free iterative method. The results obtained by modelling scattering processes with three different descriptions, namely in the limit of complete frequency redistribution (CRD), and accounting for partial frequency redistribution (PRD) effects under the angle-averaged (AA) approximation and in the general angle-dependent (AD) formulation, are compared.Results.The synthetic Stokes profiles resulting from CRD, PRD–AA, and PRD–AD calculations show a very good agreement in the line core, while some differences are observed inQ/Ioutside this spectral region. Moreover, the precise structure of the atmospheric model does not noticeably affect the line-core profiles, but it strongly impacts theQ/Isignals outside the line core. As most of the He IILy-αphotons originate in the core region, it turns out that wavelength-integrated linear polarisation signals are almost insensitive to both the scattering description and the atmospheric model. Appreciable wavelength-integratedŪ/Īsignals, showing observable sensitivity to horizontal magnetic fields in the 0–1000 G range, are also found, particularly near the limb. While the integration time required to detect magnetic fields in the quiet chromosphere with this line is too long for sounding-rocket missions, magnetic fields corresponding to typical plage areas would produce detectable signals, especially near the limb.Conclusions.These results, to be confirmed by 3D calculations including the impact of horizontal inhomogeneities and bulk velocity gradients, show that filter polarimetry in the He IILy-αline has a promising potential for chromospheric magnetic-field diagnostics. In near-limb plage regions, this could already be assessed through sounding-rocket experiments.
Resonance coupling in spiral arms
Authors: Marchuk Alexander A. 
Published: May 2024

Context. To address questions about the physical nature and origin of spiral arms in galaxies, it is necessary to measure their dynamical properties, such as the angular speed, Ωp, or the corotation radius. Observations suggest that galaxies may contain several independent spiral patterns simultaneously. It was shown that so-called non-linear resonance coupling plays an important role in such systems.
Aims. We aim to identify cases of independent spiral patterns for galaxies with a flat rotation curve and to investigate what relative pattern velocities, Ωpout/Ωpin, they might have for all possible cases of coupling between the main resonances.
Methods. We solved equations for the main resonance positions (1:1, 2:1, 4:1) and estimated the ratio ϖ of the corotation radii for two subsequent patterns. For six close galaxies with flat rotation curves, we collected the measurements of the corotation radii in the literature, using at least three different methods in each case for credibility. We found at least two independent spiral patterns for each galaxy and measured the ϖ ratios.
Results. We found ϖ ratios for all possible cases for the main resonances. For three cases, we obtained ϖ > 3, indicating that it would be difficult to fit two or even more spiral patterns in the disc. These ratios have been used to derive the wind-up time for spirals, estimated to be several galactic rotations. We find that three pairs of coupling cases, including those that have been vastly acknowledged in galaxies, namely, OLRin = CRout  &  CRin = IUHRout, have very close ϖ ratios; hence, they ought to be found simultaneously, as observed. We find a strongly confirmed apparent resonance coupling for six galaxies and we show that the observed ϖ is in agreement with theory. In two of them, we identified a previously unreported form of simultaneous coupling, namely, OLRin = OUHRout  &  OUHRin = CRout. This result was also predicted from the proximity of ϖ.
Analysis of the characteristics of Global synthetic biology research and reference to technical layout
Authors: Zhang Sujuan , Lu Xu , Sun Tianyao , Yuan Rubing 
Published: May 2024

Background. In order to understand the research status and hotspots in the field of global synthetic biology, this paper analyzes the gaps and differences between China's synthetic biology research and foreign counterparts.
Methods. Using the scientmetric tool CiteSpace, 12040 academic papers with the theme of synthetic biology, which were included in the Web of Science core set database in the past 15 years from 2008 to 2023, were visually analyzed.
Results. The study found that: at the country level, the United States continues to lead the research in the field of global synthetic biology, and had obvious advantages and dominant positions. Through the bibliometric analysis of the literature, we found that, Synthetic biologye research focused mostly on the keywords "genome", "models", "proteins", "complex", "cells", and "gene cluster". The fragmentation of China's synthetic biology research network is prominent. Conclusions. On the whole, if China can fully absorband learn from the strategically oriented scientific and technological management experience in the field of synthetic biology from major competing countries such as the United States, give full play to the advantages of the national system, transform and utilize the existing achievements, and at the same time attach importance to emphasis on basic R&D investment and talent base training, expanding orderly participation, will have the opportunity to become a high ground for global synthetic biology and innovation practice in the technology industry in the future.
Subcutaneous Granular Cell Tumor of the Buttock: An Unusual Case and Brief Literature Review
Authors: Marcucci Vincent , Parsons Libby , Ouellette Taylor , Parker Glenn 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGranular cell tumors are rare soft tissue tumors with neural origin that present malignant potential. Perianal granular cell tumors with only subcutaneous involvement are uncommonly presented in the literature. Herein, we present the case of a 49-year-old female patient with perianal granular cell tumor of the buttock. The patient underwent successful surgical resection and remains under close postoperative follow-up. There is no standard diagnostic algorithm for these tumors, and imaging provides little benefit. Histopathology and immunohistochemical staining are necessary for the accurate diagnosis of granular cell tumors.
What is political and what is not? Illustrating how the salience of abortion in the media shapes public perceptions about its political nature
Authors: Fraile Marta , Hernández Enrique 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhat is political and what is not? While conventional wisdom in public opinion research assumes a shared understanding of political matters, recent studies have challenged this assumption. In this article, we theorize and analyze how the prominence of abortion in the media affects whether or not citizens consider abortion a political issue. Leveraging the unexpected surge in media attention to abortion regulation in Spanish media during our survey fieldwork we implement an Unexpected Event During Survey Design. Our findings reveal that respondents interviewed after abortion gained salience in the media were 10% points more likely to perceive abortion as a political matter.
Position, salience and rhetoric: the strategic tools employed by the main Scottish political parties in the post-devolution era
Authors: Wright Kieran 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article presents an original account of the strategic options available to political parties in the form of the position, salience and rhetoric framework. It builds upon existing accounts of party competition by conceiving of rhetorical justification as a distinct tool in the armoury of party strategists alongside the manipulation of policy position and issue salience. It applies that framework to the case of post-devolution Scotland via a quantitative text analysis of the written record of First Ministers Questions sessions in the Scottish Parliament. It shows how the main political parties in Scotland between them utilised all of the strategic tools contained within the PSR framework in the early twenty-first century up to the most recent 2021 election to the Holyrood parliament. It argues that the tactical choices the main Scottish parties made within this framework can help explain the differing electoral fortunes experienced by those parties in the post-devolution era.
Decent work and innovative work behavior of academic staff in higher education institutions: the mediating role of work engagement and job self-efficacy
Authors: Hassan Rasha S. , Amin Hala M. G. , Ghoneim Hebatallah 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDecent work was proposed by International Labour Organization (ILO) as an institutional measure to address challenges faced by labor in the current competitive dynamic labor market. This study aims to investigate the impact of “decent work” dimensions on faculty members’ Innovative Work Behaviour (IWB) in higher education institutes. The study also explores the possible role of work engagement in mediating this relationship. Moreover, the study aims to discover the role of job self-efficacy in mediating the relationship between decent work and work engagement. Using the SEM (Structural Equational Modelling) method, we test our model’s hypotheses with data from 224 faculty members working in higher education institutes through the use of questionnaires. Results suggest that “decent work” was a predictor of IWB only through the full mediation of work engagement. Decent work was found to significantly impact job self-efficacy and work engagement. Furthermore, job self-efficacy was found to play an important role in promoting work engagement and acts as a mediating variable in the relationship between decent work and work engagement. Findings encourage education policymakers to implement new strategies and policies to promote higher levels of decent work for faculty members, with greater emphasis on work engagement, to enhance their IWB. This study is one of a few studies conducted in emerging economies that highlight “decent work” as an essential job resource, useful in enhancing work engagement and leading to higher IWB among faculty members in higher education institutions.
Hesitant or determined? The influence of social and environmental factors on settlement decision-making of rural in-migrants: evidence from Dali, China
Authors: Li Yali , Yan Ni , Cheng Haifan , Luo Jing , Zhou Zhengxu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe phenomenon of rural in-migration is emerging as a significant trend in various global hotspots, playing a crucial role in reshaping these rural areas from social and spatial perspectives. The decision-making process for rural in-migrants regarding settlement is complex. Although previous studies have acknowledged that settlement intentions are influenced by social and environmental factors, such as the economy, natural environment, and public service facilities, many have relied on a stated-preference approach to measure migrants’ settlement intentions. This method may overlook the inherent complexity and fluidity of the decision-making process. Drawing upon the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this paper formulates questions aligned with the three stages of decision-making to examine the settlement intentions of rural in-migrants. Employing multiple linear regression analysis, the study assesses the impact of social and environmental factors on the settlement decisions of rural in-migrants in four villages surrounding Dali, a renowned rural destination in southwest China that attracts a diverse range of migrants. The findings highlight the pivotal role of public service facilities’ quality in rural villages in the decision-making process, particularly among those who have already formulated settlement plans. Additionally, the research reveals that female in-migrants place a heightened emphasis on the quality of these facilities. Furthermore, a higher level of education correlates with a broader diversity of influencing factors. As migrants age, a wider range of considerations comes into play, with the natural environment emerging as a key factor for older in-migrants. This article emphasizes the equal importance of continuously improving public service facilities, strengthening economic vitality, and protecting rural natural landscapes to support the development of rural communities.
The role of comfort, personality, and intention in smartwatch usage during sleep
Authors: Li Hongting , Xu Bingfei , Sun Zaoyi , Yan Rui , Wu Yingchao , Zhang Haimo , Zhou Keyuan , Xu Liang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe comfort of a smartwatch is recognized as a pivotal determinant affecting users’ engagement with the device. This study delved into the intricate interplay between smartwatch comfort, users’ behavioral intention, and their actual usage behavior within the specific context of sleep. Through the lens of a structural equation model, we find that the appearance and movement dimensions of comfort significantly influence users’ intention to wear the smartwatch during sleep, while other dimensions like pressure, harm, attachment, and perceived change do not show significant effects. Furthermore, this intention significantly translated into smartwatch usage behavior. Building on these insights, we subsequently embarked on an exploration of how personality traits interplay with comfort and intention to impact smartwatch usage during sleep. The moderated mediation models revealed that the personality trait of openness acts as a moderator, amplifying the relationship between smartwatch comfort and behavioral intention. Individuals with higher levels of openness exhibit increased inclination to adopt the smartwatch during sleep, even when comfort is compromised. These insights contribute to a nuanced understanding of smartwatch usage behavior and offer guidance for personalized design strategies, especially within the sleep context.
The spatial effect of low-carbon development of regional industries driven by the digital economy: evidence from Chinese cities
Authors: Zhang Tian , Zhang Rong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUtilizing data that encompass municipalities and regions within China at the prefectural level and beyond, spanning the period from 2012 to 2021, this study employed the spatial Durbin model to assess the spatial spillover impact of the digital economy in propelling low-carbon advancement within regional physical industries. This investigation elucidates the spatial spillover mechanism that underlies the low-carbon evolution of regional industries catalyzed by the digital economy and offers nuanced insights. The findings delineate the following observations: (1) The digital economy propels the low-carbon progression of indigenous physical industries and stimulates the low-carbon development of proximate regions’ physical industries through discernible spatial spillover effects. (2) The spatial spillover ramifications of the digital economy manifest a substantive correlation with urban attributes, including geographical positioning, population size, and market integration levels. Notably, municipalities situated in the southeast coastal region, those characterized by larger population sizes, and those exhibiting heightened market integration levels show greater spatial spillover effects attributable to the digital economy. (3) The safeguarding of intangible asset equity property, a pivotal institutional underpinning for fostering digital economic development, amplifies the spatial spillover effect of the digital economy in propelling low-carbon development within regional industries. (4) As geographical and spatial distances expand, the spatial spillover effect of the digital economy attenuates, indicating a diminishing influence with increasing spatial separation.
Environmental predictors of forest structure, tree growth and wood production for Xylocarpus granatum in mixed-species mangrove forests
Authors: Robertson Alistar I. , Zagorskis Irena , Logan Murray , Dixon Paul , Daniel Paul 
Published: May 2024

Context Restored mangrove forests are threatened by the restricted range of species used. Xylocarpus granatum has excellent timber and could add value in mangrove plantings. Methods Forest structure and environmental variables were measured at 40 sites in northern Australia and Papua New Guinea. Tree growth was measured at 18 sites. Boosted regression tree modelling identified environmental predictor variables for above-ground biomass for X. granatum (AGBX), mean annual increment in diameter at breast height (DBH) for X. granatum (MAIX) and wood production (PW). Aims To determine the environmental conditions under which X. granatum has the greatest biomass and growth. Key results Increasing stem density, basal area and AGB of other tree species were most important in limiting AGBX. MAIX (range 0.03–0.55 cm year−1) was greatest when sediment redox potential was >100 mV and mean annual catchment rainfall was >4000 mm. MAIX increased with an increasing mean minimum air temperature and sediment percentage silt and percentage phosphorus. PW declined with the stem density of all species and increased with an increasing percentage silt and when sediment redox potential was >180 mV. Conclusions and implications Under optimal conditions, X. granatum grows as fast as most mangrove species and could make an excellent, harvestable addition to the species mix used in restoration projects.
Playing lato–lato is difficult and this is why
Authors: Funata Fansen Candra , Abidin Zainul 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Lato–lato, a pendulum-based toy gaining popularity in Indonesian playgrounds, has sparked interest with competitions centered around maintaining its oscillatory motion. While some find it easy to play, the challenge lies in sustaining the oscillation, particularly in maintaining both ‘up and down collisions.’ Through a Newtonian dynamics numerical analysis using Python (code by ChatGPT), this study identifies two equilibrium phases—phase 1, characterized by normal pendulum motion, and phase 2, the double collision mode—using the driven oscillation model. In addition, further analysis and discussion are done using the obtained numeric data. The difficulty in remaining in phase 2 highlights the intricate hand-eye coordination required, shedding light on the toy’s appeal and the skill it demands.
Method for determining the Schottky injection barrier at the interface of a metal electrode with insulating oil or pressboard
Authors: Chen Congcong , Gao Chunjia , Qi Bo , Li Chengrong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Schottky injection barrier plays a crucial role in determining the charge movement and migration process, yet its electric field and temperature properties remain unclear. The precise determination of the Schottky injection barrier value is essential for understanding the charge migration dynamics at the interface between the metal electrode and the oil-pressboard insulating medium. This study introduces a computational approach to determine the Schottky injection barrier, derived from classical Schottky emission theory. The methodology employed in this research aligns with previous studies, utilizing the Schottky emission current mechanism to describe steady-state conduction current. Results indicate that the Schottky injection barrier increases with temperature, with a 17.09% rise for oil-electrode and an 8.3% increase for pressboard-electrode in the temperature range of 299 K–353 K. These temperature-dependent variations are attributed to the negative temperature dependence of the Fermi energy levels of the metal electrodes. Furthermore, the impact of electric field strength on the Schottky injection barrier is found to be minimal. By developing a bipolar charge transport simulation model and validating the injection barrier for 0.5 mm oil-immersed pressboard, this study confirms the accuracy of the calculated Schottky injection barrier. The insights provided in this research could aid in simulating charge transport and analyzing charge characteristics in oil-paper/pressboard insulation systems.
Simultaneous electric dipoles and flat-band voltage modulation in 4H-SiC MOS capacitors through HfO2/SiO2 interface engineering
Authors: Wang Xinwei , Wei Shubo , Ke Huihuang , Ye Xiaofeng , Weng Hongjin , Wong Shen Yuong , Yang Weifeng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We report an approach to simultaneously tune the electric dipoles and flat-band voltage (V
FB) of 4H-silicon carbide (SiC) metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitors through high-k oxide dielectric interface engineering. With an additional HfO2 thin layer on atomic layer deposition (ALD) of SiO2 film, a dipole layer was formed at the HfO2/SiO2 interface, leading to a small positive shift of the V
FB of 0.3 V in 4H-SiC MOS capacitors. The Kelvin probe method was used to examine the dipole layers induced at the direct-contact oxide/4H-SiC interfaces. It was found that a minor difference of 0.3 V in the contact potential difference (V
CPD) is observed between the SiO2/4H-SiC and HfO2/SiO2/4H-SiC stacks, which signifies the presence of a weak interface dipole layer at the interface of HfO2 and SiO2. Additionally, investigation of the interface state density reveals that ALD of the HfO2 process had a negligible impact on the quality of the SiO2/4H-SiC interface, suggesting that the observed small positive V
FB shift originated from the HfO2/SiO2 interface rather than the SiO2/4H-SiC interface.
Hybrid magneto-plasmonic structure consisting of hexagonal periodic nanodisks array with giant transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect for sensing application
Authors: Wang Ziqi , Cui Xiaojian , Zhu Ruixue , Li Jianhua , Zhang Bo , Song Yujun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The present study proposes a theoretical design of the magneto-optical surface plasmon resonance (MOSPR) refractive index sensor that utilizes a magnetic field for modulating the dispersion of surface plasmon. This sensor based on the transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect (TMOKE) is constructed using a hybrid magneto-plasmonic film covered with an array of hexagonal periodic Au nanodisks. The structural parameters were optimized to obtain the Fano shape TMOKE response characterized by an extremely narrow bandwidth (0.00997°) and remarkably high amplitude (0.99). The excitation of the optimal surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and the resonance enhancement effect of multi-mode coupling enables us to achieve a surface sensitivity of 207.5 deg RIU−1 and a high figure of merit of the order of 104 RIU−1, surpassing conventional SPR and MOSPR sensors by at least one order of magnitude. The present study offers a comprehensive guideline for the design of high-performance magneto-plasmonic sensors, facilitating instrument miniaturization and manufacturing cost reduction.