bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of the Src family kinase Lyn in the immunomodulatory activities of cathelicidin peptide LL-37 on monocytic cells
Authors: Nijnik Anastasia , Pistolic Jelena , Cho Patricia , Filewod Niall C J , Falsafi Reza , Ramin Alexander , Harder Kenneth W , Hancock Robert E W 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTCathelicidin LL-37 is a multifunctional, immunomodulatory and antimicrobial host-defense peptide of the human immune system. Here, we identified the role of SFKs in mediating the chemokine induction activity of LL-37 in monocytic cells. LL-37 induced SFK phosphorylation; and chemical inhibitors of SFKs suppressed chemokine production in response to LL-37 stimulation. SFKs were required for the downstream activation of AKT, but Ca2+-flux and MAPK induction were SFK-independent. Through systematic siRNA knockdown of SFK members, a requirement for Lyn in mediating LL-37 activity was identified. The involvement of Lyn in cathelicidin activities was further confirmed using Lyn-knockout mouse BMDMs. The role of SFKs and Lyn was also demonstrated in the activities of the synthetic cationic IDR peptides, developed as novel, immunomodulatory therapeutics. These findings elucidate the common molecular mechanisms mediating the chemokine induction activity of natural and synthetic cationic peptides in monocytic cells and identify SFKs as a potential target for modulating peptide responses.
Donor- but not host-derived interleukin-10 contributes to the regulation of experimental graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Tawara Isao , Sun Yaping , Liu Chen , Toubai Tomomi , Nieves Evelyn , Evers Rebecca , Alrubaie Mariem , Mathewson Nathan , Tamaki Hiroya , Reddy Pavan 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTIL-10 is a key immune-regulatory cytokine, and its gene polymorphisms correlate with severity of clinical GVHD. IL-10 is made by a variety of donor and host cells, but the functional relevance of its source and its role in the biology of acute GVHD are not well understood. We used preclinical models to examine the relevance of IL-10−/− in donor and host cellular subsets on the severity of GVHD. IL-10−/− in host tissues or in the donor grafts did not alter donor Teff-mediated severity of GVHD. Furthermore, neither host-derived nor donor Teff-derived IL-10 was required for regulation of GVHD by WT CD4+CD25+ donor Tregs. By contrast, Treg-derived IL-10, although not obligatory, was necessary for optimal reduction of GVHD by mature donor Tregs. Importantly, IL-10 from donor BM grafts was also critical for optimal donor Treg-mediated suppression of GVHD. Together, these data suggest that IL-10 does not contribute to the induction of GVHD severity by the Teffs. However, donor BM graft and Treg-derived IL-10 are important for donor Treg-mediated suppression of GVHD.
Pulmonary lymphatic drainage to the mediastinum based on computed tomographic observations of the primary complex of pulmonary histoplasmosis
Authors: Takahashi Koji , Sasaki Tomoaki , Nabaa Basim , van Beek Edwin Junior , Stanford William , Aburano Tamio 
Published: January 2012

Background In the primary infection of pulmonary histoplasmosis, pulmonary lesions are commonly solitary and associated with hilar and/or mediastinal nodal diseases, which spontaneously resolve, resulting in calcifications in individuals with normal cellular immunity. Purpose To assess the lymphatic drainage to the mediastinum from each pulmonary segment and lobe using computed tomographic (CT) observations of a calcified primary complex pulmonary histoplasmosis and predict which patients with N2 disease that would benefit from surgery. Material and Methods We collected 585 CT studies of patients with primary complex histoplasmosis consisting of solitary calcified pulmonary lesions and calcified hilar and/or mediastinal nodal disease. Using the N stage criteria of non-small cell lung cancer, we assessed the distribution of the involved hilar and mediastinal nodes depending on the pulmonary segment of the lesion, with a focus on skip involvement. We also assessed the correlation between the incidence of N1and skip N2 involvement and the mean number of involved mediastinal nodal stations in the non-skip N2 and skip N2 groups. Results Skip involvement was common in the apical segment (9/45, 20.0%), posterior segment (7/31, 22.6%), and mediolbasal segment (13/20, 65.0%) in the right lung, and in the apicoposterior segment (7/55, 12.7%), lateral basal segment (6/26, 23.1%), and posterobasal segment (16/47, 34.0%) in the left lung. The incidence of skip involvement in each segment showed a significant inverse correlation with that of N1 involvement (r = –0.51, P <0.05) in both lungs. The mean number of involved mediastinal nodal stations in the non-skip N2 and skip N2 groups in all segments of both lungs were 1.4 (434/301) and 1.2 (93/77), and the former was significantly greater than the latter ( P <0.01). Conclusion Our data showed a predictable pattern of segmental and lobar lymphatic drainage to the mediastinum and suggested that skip involvement could represent the initial mediastinal node involvement via direct lymphatic drainage.
Mammography and ultrasonography evaluation of unexpected focal 18F-FDG uptakes in breast on PET/CT
Authors: Kim Mi Young , Cho Nariya , Chang Jung Min , Yun Bo La , Bae Min Sun , Kang Keon Wook , Moon Woo Kyung 
Published: January 2012

Background Unexpected focal 18F-FDG breast uptakes are occasionally identified on PET/CT due to its increased use for cancer staging and follow-up. The need for their characterization has been suggested. Purpose To retrospectively evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasonography (US) in distinguishing benign from malignant lesions for unexpected focal 18F-FDG uptakes in breast on PET/CT scans. Material and Methods Between April 2004 and January 2010, 27 focal 18F-FDG breast uptakes in 27 patients (age range 33–62 years; mean age 46 years) among 5214 patients who had undergone PET/CT scans were retrospectively analyzed. The American College of Radiology (ACR) Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) final assessment categories of the US and the maximum standardized uptake values (SUVs) of the lesions were compared between the benign and malignant lesions. Results Of the 27 lesions, 15 (56%) lesions were malignant. The rate of malignancy, according to the final assessment category on the US, was 0% (0 of 6) for category 3, 60% for category 4 (9 of 15), and 100% (6 of 6) for category 5 ( P = 0.001). The US evaluation revealed a sensitivity of 100% (15 of 15) and a specificity of 50% (6 of 12). The average maximum SUV of the malignant lesions was greater than that of the benign lesions (4.12 ± 1.94 vs. 1.94 ± 0.82; P = 0.001). Conclusion US evaluation of unexpected focal 18F-FDG uptakes on PET/CT scans can accurately distinguish benign lesions from malignant lesions.
Investor Inattention and the Market Impact of Summary Statistics
Authors: Gilbert Thomas , Kogan Shimon , Lochstoer Lars , Ozyildirim Ataman 
Published: January 2012

We show that U.S. stock and Treasury futures prices respond sharply to recurring stale information releases. In particular, we identify a unique macroeconomic series—the U.S. Leading Economic Index® (LEI)—which is released monthly and constructed as a summary statistic of previously released inputs. We show that a front-running strategy that trades S&P 500 futures in the direction of the announcement a day before its release and then trades in the opposite direction of the announcement following its release generates an average annual return of close to 8%. These patterns are more pronounced for high beta stocks, for stocks that are more difficult to arbitrage, and during times when investors' sensitivity to firm-specific stale information is high. Treasury futures exhibit similar, albeit less pronounced, price patterns. Other measures of information arrival, such as price volatility and volume, spike following the release. These empirical findings suggest that some investors are inattentive to the stale nature of the information included in the LEI releases, instead interpreting it as new information, and thereby causing temporary yet significant mispricing. This paper was accepted by Brad Barber, Teck Ho, and Terrance Odean, special issue editors.
Parenting Stress and Child Behavior Problems: A Transactional Relationship Across Time
Authors: Neece Cameron L , Green Shulamite A , Baker Bruce L 
Published: January 2012

AbstractParenting stress and child behavior problems have been posited to have a transactional effect on each other across development. However, few studies have tested this model empirically. The authors investigated the relationship between parenting stress and child behavior problems from ages 3 to 9 years old among 237 children, 144 of whom were typically developing and 93 who were identified as developmentally delayed. Behavior problems and parenting stress covaried significantly across time for both groups of children. Cross-lagged panel analyses generally supported a bidirectional relationship between parenting stress and child behavior problems for mothers and fathers.
REVIEWS
Authors: Claudio Esther , Round Julia , Dittmer Jason , Gravett Paul , Hatfield Charles , Laycock Emily , Williams Ian 
Published: January 2012

Joint International Conference of Graphic Novels, Bandes Dessinées and Comics, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, July 2011
Hypercomics: The Shapes of Comics to Come, Pump House Gallery, London, 12 August – 26 September 2010
The Rut by Dave McKean: Hypercomics:
The Shapes of Comics to Come, Pump House Gallery, London, 12 August – 26 September 2010
British Comics: A Cultural History, James Chapman (2011) London: Reaktion Books, 304pp., Hardback £25.00, ISBN: 978-1-86189-855-5
Of Comics and Men: A Cultural History of American Comics
Books, Jean-Paul Gabilliet, trans. Bart Beaty and Nick Nguyen (2010) Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 410 pages ISBN 978-1-60473-267-2, Hardback, $55.00 (£57.95)
Graven Images: Religion in Comic Books and Graphic Novels, A. David Lewis and Christine Hoff Kraemer (eds)
(2010) New York: Continuum, 384pp., ISBN: 9780826430267, Paperback, £19.99
A Taste of Chlorine, Bastien Vivès (2011) Jonathan Cape Publishing, London: 144 pp., ISBN 9.78022E+12, h/bk, RRP £16.99
Set-up of Geometrical Network of Sustainable Streams
Authors: Kovalova Olga 
Published: January 2012

Set-up of Geometrical Network of Sustainable Streams
In order to set up a "hydrologically accurate" digital model of landscape, which allows identifying borders of flooded territories in the period of changes in the water level, it is important to have data in the hydrography stratum on the direction of river streams. The given issue can be solved by creating a geometrical network of sustainable water streams. The geometrical network of sustainable streams represents a mathematic model of different network structures object classes.
Assessment of diclofenac LC50 reference values in juvenile and embryonic stages of the zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Praskova E. , Voslarova E. , Siroka Z. , Plhalova L. , Macova S. , Marsalek P. , Pistekova V. , Svobodova Z. 
Published: January 2012

Assessment of diclofenac LC50 reference values in juvenile and embryonic stages of the zebrafish (Danio rerio)
The aim of the study was to compare the acute toxicity of diclofenac to juvenile and embryonic stages of the zebrafish (Danio rerio). Acute toxicity tests were performed on the aquarium fish Danio rerio, which is one of the model organisms most commonly used in toxicity testing. The tests were performed using a semi-static method according to OECD guideline No. 203 (Fish, acute toxicity test). Embryo toxicity tests were performed in zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio) in compliance with OECD No. 212 methodology (Fish, short-term toxicity test on embryo and sac-fry stages). The results were subjected to a probit analysis using the EKO-TOX 5.2 programme to determine 96hLC50 and 144hLC50 (median lethal concentration, 50% mortality after a 96 h or 144 h interval, respectively) values of diclofenac. The statistical significance of the difference between LC50 values in juvenile and embryonic stages of Danio rerio was tested using the Mann-Whitney non-parametric test implemented in the Unistat 5.1 programme. The LC50 mean value of diclofenac was 166.6 ± 9.8 mg/L in juvenile Danio rerio, and 6.11 ± 2.48 mg/L in embryonic stages of Danio rerio. The study demonstrated a statistically higher sensitivity to diclofenac (P<0.05) in embryonic stages compared to the juvenile fish.
NT-pro-BNP and troponin I as predictors of mortality in dogs with heart failure
Authors: Noszczyk-Nowak A. 
Published: January 2012

NT-pro-BNP and troponin I as predictors of mortality in dogs with heart failureThe purpose of this study was to develop prognostic models for heart failure in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). The prospective study included 26 dogs with DCM and 58 healthy dogs. The ervation time median was 250 days (1-600 days). All the dogs were clinically examined, had echocardiography, electrocardiography, and morphological and biochemical blood sampling. Twenty four deaths were found in the group of dogs with DCM and 1 demise in the healthy dog's group. There was a significant increase in the level of NT-pro-BNP and cTnI (p<0.0005) in the group of dogs with DCM and a significant higher level of NT-pro-BNP and cTnI (p<0.0005) in the dead dogs from group with DCM that died or were euthanized up to the 60'th day of observation, compared to the animals that outlasted over 60 days of observation. The median level of NT-pro-BNP in the dogs which had short survival period (no more than 60 days) was 4865 pmol/L and the median level of cTnI in the same group of dogs was 0.63 ng/ml. The median level of NT-pro-BNP in the group of dogs with DCM, which lived longer than 60 days of observation was 978 pmol/l and the median level of cTnI in this group was 0.1 ng/ml. The level of NT-pro-BNP (r=0.79) and cTnI (r=0.4) correlated with the dogs' death. NT-pro-BNP and cTnI measurements could be useful to evaluate the survival the dogs with DCM. Increased level of NT-pro-BNP and cTnI is a bad prognosis. In the performed analysis of the Cox hazard regression it was found that cTnI level has a significant impact of the survival of the dogs (HR=8.54; Cl 1.1-46.6; p=0.02).
Evaluation of commercial ELISA kits for the detection of antibodies against bluetongue virus
Authors: Niedbalski W. 
Published: January 2012

Evaluation of commercial ELISA kits for the detection of antibodies against bluetongue virusThe aim of this study was to estimate the diagnostic value of different commercially available ELISA kits for the detection of bluetongue virus (BTV) antibodies in infected and vaccinated animals. The relative specificity of ELISA kits was evaluated using a panel of sera originating from healthy cattle, never vaccinated nor exposed to BTV. All ELISA kits applied had a high relative specificity (99.3 - 100%). The relative sensitivity of ELISA kits assessed using a panel of sera collected from BTV infected cattle was also high and similar for all the kits (97.3 - 100%). However, the relative sensitivity evaluated on the basis of testing vaccinated animals was different: the highest sensitivity was found for Ingenasa, PrioCHECK and ID VET ELISAs (96.5 - 98.3%). Slightly lower sensitivity was calculated for Pourquier and LSI kits (82.8% and 85.4%, respectively) and much lower sensitivity was found for VMRD ELISA kit (69.5%). The repeatability of BTV ELISA kits was expressed as a coefficient of variation (CV) of results of sera tested 5 times in the same day and in different days by the period of 2 months, by the same person, in the same conditions, and by using the same equipment. The CVs of sera tested in all ELISA kits ranged from 6.1 to 9.8% and were below 10% threshold adopted as a maximum for the acceptable repeatability of the method. In conclusion, it can be stated that the applied ELISA kits can be a valuable diagnostic tool for the serological monitoring studies in the BTV contaminated premises. All the methods are very specific and sensitive when testing BTV infected animals. Nevertheless, the Ingenasa and PrioCHECK can be the most useful in sero-surveillance of livestock following vaccination.
Distribution of stoneflies of the family Taeniopterygidae (Plecoptera) in the Czech Republic: earlier data, new records and recent distributional changes
Authors: Bojková Jindřiˇka , Soldán Tomáˇ , ˇpaček Jan , Straka Michal 
Published: January 2012

Distribution of stoneflies of the family Taeniopterygidae (Plecoptera) in the Czech Republic: earlier data, new records and recent distributional changes
Altogether 14 species of Taeniopterygidae were previously mentioned from the Czech Republic; 11 species were listed in check-list of Plecoptera of Czechoslovakia, three species were recorded recently. Main aims of this study were to summarize all known distributional data, reexamine available material, classify species to the categories of threat based on new distributional data, and discuss all species ever supposed to occur in the Czech Republic. In total eight species were found to occur in the Czech Republic with certainty. Two species, Brachyptera seticornis and B. risi, are common in the Czech Republic, the latter exhibiting some expansion in Bohemia at present. Critically endangered Brachyptera braueri missing in the past 40 years has been recently found in several rivers showing some recovery of the original area. Endangered Taeniopteryx nebulosa exhibited considerable decline in lowland and colline streams. New records are presented for near threatened montane species B. starmachi, endangered B. monilicornis, newly classified endangered T. auberti, and vulnerable Taeniopteryx hubaulti. No reliable data have been found as to distribution of Brachyptera trifasciata, Taeniopteryx kuehtreiberi, T. araneoides, and Oemopteryx loewii, respective earlier records were based on misidentification. The occurrence of Rhabdiopteryx acuminata and R. neglecta is doubtful at this moment, because it was based on the problematic determination of larval material. These species cannot be formally considered a part of the Czech fauna due to lack of voucher material. Possible occurrence of other Rhabdiopteryx species showing the area adjacent to the Czech Republic is discussed.
The Easterly Jet Stream in the Tropics
Authors: Koteswaram P. 
Published: January 2012

It is shown that in summer an easterly jet stream overlies southern Asia in the high troposphere with core near 15°N. This current is quasi-geostrophic. Below the level of strongest winds temperatures decrease from right to left across the current looking downstream; above the level of strongest wind (150–100 mb) the reverse is true. Distribution of cloudiness and precipitation in the lower monsoon correspond to that noted in association with westerly jet streams in the temperate zone: precipitation downstream from the region with the highest winds to left of the axis, upstream to the right.
The foregoing holds on individual days and climatically during the monsoon season as a whole. Since an easterly jet stream is observed only over southern Asia (and Africa), but not over the Pacific and Atlantic oceans, it is suggested that the current originates in connection with the large-scale arrangement of land masses and oceans, and with the elevated heat source of the Tibetan plateau.
An Experiment in Objective Analysis
Authors: Gilchrist B. , Cressman G. P. 
Published: January 2012

An experiment in two-dimensional objective analysis, conducted at The Institute for Advanced Study is described. The method consists of fitting a second degree polynomial by the method of least squares to the meteorological data in a limited area around each point in a rectangular grid, and then interpolating for the height of the pressure surface at the grid point. The results of machine computations give analyses which are comparable in quality to the subjective analyses ordinarily encountered. When used in a three-parameter atmospheric model for a numerical forecast, the objective analyses led to a more accurate forecast than carefully prepared subjective analyses did. Also a satisfactory representation of the field of vertical stability (over North America) was obtained by the two-dimensional analyses, made for three different pressure surfaces.
The greatest obstacle encountered in producing a completely objective analysis arises from errors of computation and transmission of raw meteorological data. This obstacle has not been overcome, and necessitates a preliminary subjective examination of the data for detection of errors.
La famille à l'épreuve de la coparentalité
Authors: Hefez Serge 
Published: January 2012

Résumé L’auteur discute la notion de parentalité à la lumière de ses différents axes de définition : biologique, social et juridique, sexuel, etc. Il en précise les contours aussi par rapport à la conjugalité et soulève les nouveaux aspects qu’elle prend de plus en plus fréquemment aujourd’hui, tel la pluriparentalité. Il conclut en relevant l’importance d’être attentif à la construction élaborée par les familles à ce propos, plutôt que de plaquer sur elles nos propres modèles.
Predictive microbiology: Modeling microbial responses in food
Authors: Fakruddin Md , Mazumdar Reaz Mohammad , Mannan Khanjada Shahnewaj Bin 
Published: January 2012

Predictive microbiology is the integration of traditional microbiology knowledge with those found in the disciplines of mathematics, statistics and information systems and technology to describe microbial behaviour in order to prevent food spoilage as well as food-borne illnesses. The behaviour of microbial populations in foods (growth, survival, or death) is determined by the properties of food (e.g., water activity and pH) and the storage conditions (e.g., temperature, relative humidity, and atmosphere). The effect of these properties can be predicted by mathematical models derived from quantitative studies on microbial populations. Using predictive models changes in microbial populations in foods from production/ harvest to consumption can be estimated from changes in product parameters (temperature, storage atmosphere, pH, salt /water activity, etc.). Predictive microbiology models have immediate practical applications to improve microbial food safety, quality, and are leading to the development of a quantitative understanding of the microbial ecology of foods. While models are very useful decision-support tools it must be remembered that models are, at best, only a simplified representation of reality. Because of the complexity of microbial behaviour and food systems, predictive microbiology presents some limitations. Predictive microbiology provides a powerful tool to aid the exposure assessment phase of 'quantitative microbial risk assessment‘ and it can be concluded that predictive models, successfully validated in agreement with defined performance criteria, will continue to be an essential element of exposure assessment within formal quantitative risk assessment. Keywords: validation; applications; limitations DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/cjsbs.v40i2.3928 CJSBS 2011; 40(2): 121-131