bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Too long or too short? New insights into abnormal cardiac repolarization in people with chronic epilepsy and its potential role in sudden unexpected death
Authors: Surges Rainer , Taggart Peter , Sander Josemir W. , Walker Matthew C. 
Published: April 2010

SummarySudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is probably caused by periictal cardiorespiratory alterations such as central apnea, bradyarrhythmia, and neurogenic pulmonary edema. These alterations may occur in people with epilepsy and vary in duration and severity. Seizure‐related ventricular tachyarrhythmias have also been hypothesized to be involved in SUDEP, but compelling evidence of these, or of predisposition to these, is lacking.Ventricular tachyarrhythmias are facilitated by pathologic cardiac repolarization. Electrocardiography (ECG) indicators of pathologic cardiac repolarization, such as prolongation or shortening of QT intervals as well as increased QT dispersion, are established risk factors for life‐threatening tachyarrhythmia and sudden cardiac death (SDC). Abnormalities in cardiac repolarization have recently been described in people with epilepsy. Importantly, periictal ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation have also been reported in the absence of any underlying cardiac disease. Therefore, pathologic cardiac repolarization could promote SCD in people with epilepsy and could be one plausible cause for SUDEP.Herein, we review abnormal cardiac repolarization in people with epilepsy, describe the putative contribution of antiepileptic drugs, and discuss the potential role of pathologic cardiac repolarization in SUDEP. Based on these, measures to reduce the risk of or prevent SUDEP may include antiarrhythmic medication and implantation of cardiac combined pacemaker–defibrillator devices.
Small temporal pole encephaloceles: A treatable cause of “lesion negative” temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Abou‐Hamden Amal , Lau Mandy , Fabinyi Gavin , Berkovic Samuel F. , Jackson Graeme D. , Anne Mitchell L. , Kalnins Renate , Fitt Greg , Archer John S. 
Published: April 2010

SummaryEpilepsy due to encephaloceles of the temporal pole may be an under recognized, treatable cause of refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). We describe three adult patients initially labeled “lesion negative” TLE. In all, video–electroencephalography (EEG) revealed ictal theta in the left temporal region and positron emission tomography (PET) showed temporal lobe hypometabolism, but neuropsychology revealed preserved verbal memory. Close inspection of structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suggested subtle abnormalities at the tip of the left temporal lobe. High resolution computed tomography (CT) confirmed bony defects in the inner table of the skull. 3T MRI with fine coronal and sagittal slices indicated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain tissue protruding into the defects. All proceeded to resection of the temporal tip and became seizure free. Patients with “lesion negative” TLE should have careful review of images covering the temporal pole. If encephalocele is suspected, further imaging with high‐resolution CT and MRI can be helpful. Temporal polar resection, sparing mesial structures, appears to be curative.
Generic products of antiepileptic drugs: A perspective on bioequivalence and interchangeability
Authors: Bialer Meir , Midha Kamal K. 
Published: April 2010

SummaryMost antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are currently available as generic products, yet neurologists and patients are reluctant to switch to generics. Generic AEDs are regarded as bioequivalent to brand AEDs after meeting the average bioequivalence criteria; consequently, they are considered to be interchangeable with their respective brands without loss of efficacy and safety. According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) the present bioequivalence requirements are already so rigorous and constrained that there is little possibility that generics that meet regulatory bioequivalence criteria could lead to therapeutic problems. So is there a scientific rationale for the concerns about switching patients with epilepsy to bioequivalent generics? Herein we discuss the assessment of bioequivalence and propose a scaled‐average bioequivalence approach where scaling of bioequivalence is carried out based on brand lot‐to‐lot variance as an alternative to the conventional bioequivalence test as a means to determine whether switching patients to generic formulations, or vice versa, is a safe and effective therapeutic option. Meeting the proposed scaled‐average bioequivalence requirements will ensure that when an individual patient is switched, he or she has fluctuations in plasma levels similar to those from lot‐to‐lot of the brand reference levels and thus should make these generic products safely switchable without change in efficacy and safety outcomes.
Ecological, Groundwater, and Human Health Risk Assessment in a Mining Region of Nicaragua
Authors: Picado Francisco , Mendoza Alfredo , Cuadra Steven , Barmen Gerhard , Jakobsson Kristina , Bengtsson Göran 
Published: April 2010

The objective of the present study was to integrate the relative risk from mercury exposure to stream biota, groundwater, and humans in the Río Artiguas (Sucio) river basin, Nicaragua, where local gold mining occurs. A hazard quotient was used as a common exchange rate in probabilistic estimations of exposure and effects by means of Monte Carlo simulations. The endpoint for stream organisms was the lethal no‐observed‐effect concentration (NOECs), for groundwater the WHO guideline and the inhibitory Hg concentrations in bacteria (IC), and for humans the tolerable daily intake (TDI) and the benchmark dose level with an uncertainty factor of 10 (BMDLs0.1).Macroinvertebrates and fish in the contaminated river are faced with a higher risk to suffer from exposure to Hg than humans eating contaminated fish and bacteria living in the groundwater. The river sediment is the most hazardous source for the macroinvertebrates, and macroinvertebrates make up the highest risk for fish. The distribution of body concentrations of Hg in fish in the mining areas of the basin may exceed the distribution of endpoint values with close to 100% probability. Similarly, the Hg concentration in cord blood of humans feeding on fish from the river was predicted to exceed the BMDLs0.1 with about 10% probability. Most of the risk to the groundwater quality is confined to the vicinity of the gold refining plants and along the river, with a probability of about 20% to exceed the guideline value.
The Impact of New and Emerging Clinical Data on Treatment Strategies for Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: PRYSTOWSKY ERIC N , CAMM JOHN , LIP GREGORY Y.H. , ALLESSIE MAURITS , BERGMANN JEAN‐FRANÇOIS , BREITHARDT GÜNTER , BRUGADA JOSEP , CRIJNS HARRY , ELLINOR PATRICK T. , MARK DANIEL , NACCARELLI GERALD , PACKER DOUGLAS , TAMARGO JUAN 
Published: April 2010

AF Treatment Strategies. Introduction: The Atrial Fibrillation (AF) Exchange Group, an international multidisciplinary group concerned with the management of AF, was convened to review recent advances in the field and the potential impact on treatment strategies. Methods: Issues discussed included epidemiology and the impact of the rising incidence of AF on health care systems, developments in pharmacological and surgical interventions in the management of arrhythmias and thromboprophylaxis, the potential to affect treatment strategies, and barriers to implementing them. Results: The incidence of AF and the associated burden on health care systems are increasing with aging populations, prevalence of comorbidities and more effective treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Advances in available medical treatments, in particular dronedarone and dabigatran, with other products in development, offer the possibility of changes in treatment paradigms and a greater emphasis on reducing hospitalizations and improvement in long‐term outcomes instead of a symptom/safety‐driven approach in which the priority is symptom suppression without provoking drug toxicity. Developments in catheter ablation techniques may mean that, in experienced centers, ablation may be offered as first‐line treatment in selected patient populations. Barriers to optimal treatment include underdiagnosis, lack of recognition as a serious condition and as a risk factor for stroke, limited access to care, inadequate implementation of guidelines, and poor adherence to treatment. Conclusions: The focus of the management of AF may be changing as a consequence of new treatments based on the outcome improvements they offer. However, the benefits will not be fully realized if guidelines and guidance are not observed in routine clinical practice. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 21, pp. 946‐958, August 2010)
Long‐term results after lateral and osteotome technique sinus floor elevation: a retrospective analysis of 2190 implants over a time period of 15 years
Authors: Tetsch Jan , Tetsch Peter , Lysek Dominikus A. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackground: During a time period of 15 years (1992–2007), 2190 implants were inserted in 983 patients after sinus floor elevation.Materials and methods: One thousand two hundred and seven implants (461 patients) were placed into sites, in which the sinus was augmented using the lateral approach (LSFE), and 983 implants (522 patients) in sites augmented with the osteotome technique. Bovine bone mineral (n=1217), β‐tricalcium phosphate (n=126), and in some cases, only autogenous bone were used for augmentation in the LSFE. Generally, bone chips that were collected during the preparation of the osteotomy were added to the bone substitutes. No additional augmentation materials were used for augmentation with the osteotome technique. A retrospective analysis of the treatment results was assessed by patients documentations that were recorded in the impDAT(R) – Program and by the evaluation of pre‐, and post‐surgical orthopantomograms.Results: The implant survival analysis according to Kaplan–Meier showed 97.1% after 176 months of loading for both sinus floor elevation techniques.Discussion and conclusion: The evaluation with respect to the augmentation material used did not reveal significant differences in the implant survival rate and in both cases remodelling processes could be observed in the augmented area. To cite this article:
Tetsch J, Tetsch P, Lysek DA. Long‐term results after lateral and osteotome technique sinus floor elevation: a retrospective analysis of 2190 implants over a time period of 15 years. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 497–503. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2008.01661.x
Immediate vs. early loading of dental implants: 3‐year results of a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Zembić A. , Glauser R. , Khraisat A. , Hämmerle C.H.F. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjectives: The aim of the present study was to test whether or not immediately loaded implants exhibit the same survival rates as early loaded implants.Material and methods: Eleven patients with bilateral free end mandibles were randomly assigned to treatment either with immediately (test) or early loaded implants (control). Test implants received provisionals in occlusion on the day of surgery, control implants 6 weeks later. Parameters assessed included implant stability quotient (ISQ), plaque, prosthesis stability and radiographs at baseline (implant insertion), 1 and 3 years. The statistical analysis was performed by means of Student's paired t‐test and Wilcoxon's signed‐rank test. The level of significance was set at P<0.05.Results: After a mean observation period of 39.8 months (36.7–53.1), three test implants were lost in two patients resulting in a survival rate of 85% compared with 100% for control implants. At baseline, the mean marginal bone level was significantly higher at test implants (mean=0.36 mm, SD ±0.5) compared with control implants (1.08±0.37 mm). For both test and control implants, the bone level significantly decreased from baseline to 3 years (test: 1.51±0.79 mm; control: 0.89±0.94 mm). The bone loss until 3 years was not significantly different between test and control group. There was no significant difference for ISQ both at test and control implants between baseline (test: 63.59±4.62 mm, control: 65.35±7.43 mm) and 3 years (test: 66.47±7.47 mm, control 68.80±8.75 mm).Conclusions: Immediate loading was associated with a lower implant survival rate. Although the test implants were placed with increased sink depth compared with the control implants, the marginal bone levels were not different between test and control at 3 years. To cite this article:
Zembić A, Glauser R, Khraisat A, Hämmerle CHF. Immediate vs. early loading of dental implants: 3‐year results of a randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 481–489. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2009.01898.x
Platelet‐rich fibrin membranes as scaffolds for periosteal tissue engineering
Authors: Gassling Volker , Douglas Timothy , Warnke Patrick H. , Açil Yahya , Wiltfang Jörg , Becker Stephan T. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjectives: Platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF)‐based membranes have been used for covering alveolar ridge augmentation side in several in vivo studies. Few in vitro studies on PRF and no studies using human periosteal cells for tissue engineering have been published. The aim is a comparison of PRF with the commonly used collagen membrane Bio‐Gide® as scaffolds for periosteal tissue engineering.Material and methods: Human periosteal cells were seeded on membrane pieces (collagen [Bio‐Gide®] and PRF) at a density of 104 cells/well. Cell vitality was assessed by fluorescein diacetate (FDA) and propidium iodide (PI) staining, biocompatibility with the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) test and proliferation level with the MTT, WST and BrdU tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Results: PRF membranes showed slightly inferior biocompatibility, as shown by the LDH test. The metabolic activity measured by the MTT and WST tests was higher for PRF than for collagen (BioGide®). The proliferation level as measured by the BrdU test (quantitative) and SEM examinations (qualitative) revealed higher values for PRF.Conclusion: PRF appears to be superior to collagen (Bio‐Gide®) as a scaffold for human periosteal cell proliferation. PRF membranes are suitable for in vitro cultivation of periosteal cells for bone tissue engineering. To cite this article:
Gassling V, Douglas T, Warnke, PH, Açil Y, Wiltfang J, Becker ST. Platelet‐rich fibrin membranes as scaffolds for periosteal tissue engineering. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 543–549. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2009.01900.x
Effect of surface contamination on osseointegration of dental implants surrounded by circumferential bone defects
Authors: Mohamed Seif , Polyzois Ioannis , Renvert Stefan , Claffey Noel 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjective: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of surface contamination on osseointegration of dental implants surrounded by a circumferential bone defect and to compare osseointegration around Osseotite® with that around Nanotite™ implants.Materials and methods: The premolars on both sides of the mandible in four beagle dogs were extracted. Following 4 months healing, two Nanotite™ implants and two Osseotite® implants were partially inserted in the left side of each mandible. Some threads protruded from the tissues into the oral cavity. Following a 5 week healing period, the implants were removed and the contaminated part of each implant was cleaned. They were then installed to the full implant length on the contra lateral side of the mandibles. The coronal 5 mm of each implant was surrounded by 1 mm circumferential bone defect. Following 12 weeks of healing period, the dogs were sacrificed and biopsies were obtained. Ground sections were prepared for histomorphometric analysis.Results: All implants were associated with direct bone‐to‐implant contact on the portion of the implant surface contaminated previously and surrounded by bone defect. Nanotite™ implants performed better than Osseotite® implants.Conclusions: The results demonstrated that implant surfaces, which were contaminated previously and were surrounded by bone defects, can osseointegrate. To cite this article:
Mohamed S, Polyzois I, Renvert S, Claffey N. Effect of surface contamination on osseointegration of dental implants surrounded by circumferential bone defects. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 513–519. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.01913.x
The clinical and biological features of a series of immunophenotypic variant of B‐CLL
Authors: Cro Lilla , Ferrario Andrea , Lionetti Marta , Bertoni Francesco , Zucal N Nadia , Nobili Lucia , Fabris Sonia , Todoerti Katia , Cortelezzi Agostino , Guffanti Andrea , Goldaniga Maria , Marcheselli Luigi , Neri Antonino , Lambertenghi‐Deliliers Giorgio , Baldini Luca 
Published: April 2010

Abstract Objectives: To describe the clinical and biological features of a series of immunophenotypic variant of B‐CLL (v‐CLL) characterised by intermediate RMH score, in the absence of t(11;14)(q13;q32) in FISH analysis in comparison with a series of typical CLL. Methods: We studied the clinical and biological features of 63 cases of v‐CLL and 130 cases of CLL. Results: We observed significant differences in terms of age <70 yr (P < 0.001), lymphocytosis <20 × 109/L (P < 0.001), lymphocyte doubling time ≤12 months (P = 0.02), high serum β2‐microglobulin levels (P < 0.001) and splenomegaly (P = 0.002); CD38, CD49d, CD1c were more expressed in v‐CLL, CD43 in CLL (P < 0.001). IgVH mutation and trisomy 12 were more frequent in v‐CLL group (P = 0.001; P < 0.001); del13q14 in CLL (P = 0.008). Gene expression profiling of nine v‐CLL and 60 CLL indicated that the atypical group presented a specific molecular pattern. After a median follow‐up of respectively, 55 (4–196) and 60 months (6–180), 25/42 patients with v‐CLL (48%) and 55/93 patients with CLL (59%) were treated. Time to treatment was significantly shorter in IgVH‐mutated v‐CLL vs. mutated CLL (P = 0.006). The median overall survival was worse in v‐CLL‐mutated cases (P = 0.062). Conclusion: v‐CLL should be identified and dealt with separately from classic CLL. In particular, the prognostic markers that are routinely used to characterise classical B‐CLL should not be interpreted as having the same meaning.
The G‐Allele of the PSMA6−8C>G polymorphism is associated with poor outcome in multiple myeloma independently of circulating proteasome serum levels
Authors: Bachmann Hagen S. , Novotny Jürgen , Sixt Stephan , Liebisch Peter , Frey Ulrich H. , Dührsen Ulrich , Siffert Winfried , Nückel Holger 
Published: April 2010

Abstract Introduction: The proteasome system plays a crucial role in several malignant disorders, especially in multiple myeloma (MM). The G‐allele of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) −8C>G in the gene PSMA6, one of seven α‐subunit genes of the 20S proteasome, was associated with myocardial infarction. Moreover, PSMA6 mRNA expression in human B‐cell lines depended on genotypes. We investigated a potential role of this novel SNP in patients with MM. Methods: PSMA6 genotypes of 116 patients with MM were associated with survival. Circulating proteasome levels (CPL) dependent on −8C>G genotypes of 70 newly diagnosed patients were studied using an anti‐20S proteasome enzyme‐linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA). Results: Genotype distribution (69 CC, 44 CG, 3 GG) was compatible with Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Kaplan–Meier curves revealed a significant association of PSMA6−8C>G with 5‐yr survival (P = 0.014). Median survival time was 43 months for the GG genotype and 50 months for the CG genotype. It was not reached within follow‐up by the CC genotype (CC 5‐yr survival rate 61.2%). Following hazard ratio (HR) for overall survival was calculated: G‐allele vs. CC genotype: 2.038, 95% CI 1.14–3.65, P = 0.017. In multivariate analysis the G‐allele was an independent prognostic factor (HR 2.1, P = 0.014). CPL were not significantly different between genotypes [mean CPL: CC 284.9 ng/mL vs. 303.3 ng/mL G‐allele carriers (P = 0.709)]. Conclusions: These results suggest the G‐allele of the PSMA6−8C>G polymorphism as a possible survival prognosticator.
Teledental consultations related to trauma in a Swiss telemedical center: a retrospective survey
Authors: Lienert Nicolas , Zitzmann Nicola Ursula , Filippi Andreas , Weiger Roland , Krastl Gabriel 
Published: April 2010

Abstract –  Background/Aim:  In addition to medical advice, telemedical centers also provide counseling on the telephone for patients with dental injuries.Material and Methods:  Data from a Swiss telemedical center during the years 2001–2008 were analyzed retrospectively.Results:  A total of 371 988 medical consultations were recorded. Of these, 3430 concerned dental problems, with 672 reports about dental trauma following accidents with 772 injuries. The patients average age was 8.6 years (range 0–73 years). About two‐thirds of the cases belonged to the age group 0–6 years, and one‐third to the group of 7–80 years. The reasons for calling were dislocations (53%), fractures (31.9%), and avulsions (7.9%). In 76.2% of the cases, the center was contacted on the day of the accident. The majority of the patients (60%) contacted the telemedical center during the so‐called ‘out of office hours’ (Monday to Friday 6 pm to 8 am, and Saturday/Sunday all day).Conclusions:  Telemedicial services can be helpful for cases related to dental trauma and may provide valuable support when a dentist is not available.
Improving the assessment of species compositional dissimilarity in a priori ecological classifications: evaluating map scale, sampling intensity and improvement in a hierarchical classification
Authors: Lawson B.E. , Ferrier S. , Wardell‐Johnson G. , Beeton R.J.S. , Pullar D.V. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractQuestion: Can species compositional dissimilarity analyses be used to assess and improve the representation of biodiversity patterns in a priori ecological classifications?Location: The case study examined the northern‐half of the South‐east Queensland Bioregion, eastern Australia.Methods: Site‐based floristic presence–absence data were used to construct species dissimilarity matrices (Kulczynski metric) for three levels of Queensland's bioregional hierarchy – subregions (1:500 000 scale), land zones (1:250 000 scale) and regional ecosystems (1:100 000 scale). Within‐ and between‐class dissimilarities were compiled for each level to elucidate species compositional patterns. Randomized subsampling was used to determine the minimum site sampling intensity for each hierarchy level, and the effects of lumping and splitting illustrated for several classes.Results: Consistent dissimilarity estimates were obtained with five or more sites per regional ecosystem, 10 or more sites per land zone, and more than 15 sites per subregion. On average, subregions represented 4% dissimilarity in floristic composition, land zones approximately 10%, and regional ecosystems over 19%. Splitting classes with a low dissimilarity increased dissimilarity levels closer to average, while merging ecologically similar classes with high dissimilarities reduced dissimilarity levels closer to average levels.Conclusions: This approach demonstrates a robust and repeatable means of analysing species compositional dissimilarity, determining site sampling requirements for classifications and guiding decisions about ‘lumping’ or ‘splitting’ of classes. This will allow more informed decisions on selecting and improving classifications and map scales in an ecologically and statistically robust manner.