bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Streptokinase antibodies in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome in three rural New Zealand populations
Authors: Nixon Garry , Blattner Katharina , Dawson Jenny , Dovey Susan , Black Michael A , Wilkins Gerard , Dunn Amy C , McLellan Alexander D 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundNew Zealand Māori have some of the highest rates of Group A streptococcal infection (GAS) in the world. GAS elevates titres of antistreptokinase (SK) neutralising antibodies and may induce resistance to SK.MethodsAnti-SK titres were measured in 180 patients presenting with symptoms consistent with an acute coronary syndrome to three New Zealand rural hospitals, selected because they provide care for patients from communities with different socio-economic and ethnic mixes (Māori proportions varying between 6% and 67%).FindingsCompared with the community with the lowest proportion of Māori, patients in the community with the highest proportion of Māori had mean anti-SK titres that were 2.8 times higher (p=0.05). They were 2.5 times more likely to have a high anti-SK titre (33% vs 13% p=0.035).InterpretationAlternatives to reperfusion with SK should be the first-choice therapy in hospitals serving communities with high rates of GAS such as some predominantly Māori and Pacific Island communities.
Acute gastrointestinal haemorrhage: the role of the radiologist
Authors: Kerr S F , Puppala S 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACT
Acute gastrointestinal (GI) haemorrhage is a frequent and potentially life threatening medical presentation, the management of which depends on more than one speciality. Upper GI haemorrhage is often treated by endoscopic methods, failing which radiological intervention or surgery are the alternative methods of treatment. Radiology is crucial both in the diagnosis and treatment of lower GI haemorrhage, where the role of endoscopy is limited by poor visibility. CT angiography is now the first line investigation of choice and catheter angiography is used as a prelude to intervention. Interventional radiological techniques for treatment include embolisation for both upper and lower GI arterial haemorrhage and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting for upper GI variceal haemorrhage refractory to endoscopic treatment.
THE PROBLEM OF DETECTING THE SATELLITE STRUCTURE OF A LINK BY MONOTONIC SIMPLIFICATION
Authors: KAZANTSEV ALEXANDR 
Published: March 2011

In a recent work "Arc-presentation of links: Monotonic simplification", Dynnikov shows that each rectangular diagram of the unknot, composite link, or split link can be monotonically simplified into a trivial, composite, or split diagram, respectively. The following natural question arises: Is it always possible to simplify monotonically a rectangular diagram of a satellite knot or link into one where the satellite structure is seen? Here we give a negative answer to that question both for knot and link cases. An example of a torus embedding that cannot be obtained from ordinary "thin" torus by methods of paper [2] is also constructed.
Common Coupled Fixed Point Theorems for Contractive Mappings in Fuzzy Metric Spaces
Authors: Hu Xin-Qi 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWe prove a common fixed point theorem for mappings under "Equation missing"-contractive conditions in fuzzy metric spaces. We also give an example to illustrate the theorem. The result is a genuine generalization of the corresponding result of S.Sedghi et al. (2010)
A New Strong Convergence Theorem for Equilibrium Problems and Fixed Point Problems in Banach Spaces
Authors: Nilsrakoo Weerayuth 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWe introduce a new iterative sequence for finding a common element of the set of fixed points of a relatively nonexpansive mapping and the set of solutions of an equilibrium problem in a Banach space. Then, we study the strong convergence of the sequences. With an appropriate setting, we obtain the corresponding results due to Takahashi-Takahashi and Takahashi-Zembayashi. Some of our results are established with weaker assumptions.
The Iterative Method of Generalized "Equation missing" -Concave Operators
Authors: Zhou Yanqiu , Sun Jingxian , Sun Jie 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWe define the concept of the generalized "Equation missing"-concave operators, which generalize the definition of the "Equation missing"-concave operators. By using the iterative method and the partial ordering method, we prove the existence and uniqueness of fixed points of this class of the operators. As an example of the application of our results, we show the existence and uniqueness of solutions to a class of the Hammerstein integral equations.
Functional Synergies yet Distinct Modulators Affected by Genetic Alterations in Common Human Cancers
Authors: Bessarabova Marina , Pustovalova Olga , Shi Weiwei , Serebriyskaya Tatiana , Ishkin Alex , Polyak Kornelia , Velculescu Victor E. , Nikolskaya Tatiana , Nikolsky Yuri 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAn important general concern in cancer research is how diverse genetic alterations and regulatory pathways can produce common signaling outcomes. In this study, we report the construction of cancer models that combine unique regulation and common signaling. We compared and functionally analyzed sets of genetic alterations, including somatic sequence mutations and copy number changes, in breast, colon, and pancreatic cancer and glioblastoma that had been determined previously by global exon sequencing and SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) array analyses in multiple patients. The genes affected by the different types of alterations were mostly unique in each cancer type, affected different pathways, and were connected with different transcription factors, ligands, and receptors. In our model, we show that distinct amplifications, deletions, and sequence alterations in each cancer resulted in common signaling pathways and transcription regulation. In functional clustering, the impact of the type of alteration was more pronounced than the impact of the kind of cancer. Several pathways such as TGF-β/SMAD signaling and PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) signaling were defined as synergistic (affected by different alterations in all four cancer types). Despite large differences at the genetic level, all data sets interacted with a common group of 65 “universal cancer genes” (UCG) comprising a concise network focused on proliferation/apoptosis balance and angiogenesis. Using unique nodal regulators (“overconnected” genes), UCGs, and synergistic pathways, the cancer models that we built could combine common signaling with unique regulation. Our findings provide a novel integrated perspective on the complex signaling and regulatory networks that underlie common human cancers. Cancer Res; 71(10); 3471–81. ©2011 AACR.
Deciphering the Molecular Events Necessary for Synergistic Tumor Cell Apoptosis Mediated by the Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Vorinostat and the BH3 Mimetic ABT-737
Authors: Wiegmans Adrian P. , Alsop Amber E. , Bots Michael , Cluse Leonie A. , Williams Steven P. , Banks Kellie-Marie , Ralli Rachael , Scott Clare L. , Frenzel Anna , Villunger Andreas , Johnstone Ricky W. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
The concept of personalized anticancer therapy is based on the use of targeted therapeutics through in-depth knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of action of these agents when used alone and in combination. We have identified the apoptotic proteins and pathways necessary for synergistic tumor cell apoptosis and in vivo antitumor responses seen when the HDAC inhibitor vorinostat is combined with the BH3-mimetic ABT-737 in lymphomas overexpressing Bcl-2. Vorinostat “primes” tumors overexpressing Bcl-2 for rapid ABT-737–mediated apoptosis by inducing expression of the BH3-only gene bmf. Moreover, these synergistic effects of vorinostat/ABT-737 were blunted in cells with an inactive p53 pathway or in cells lacking expression of the p53 target gene, noxa. These studies show the important and complex functional interaction between specific proapoptotic BH3-only proteins and the BH3-mimetic compound ABT-737 and provide the most comprehensive functional link between tumor genotype and the apoptotic and therapeutic effects of HDACi combined with ABT-737. Cancer Res; 71(10); 3603–15. ©2011 AACR.
Evaluating the Consistency of Differential Expression of MicroRNA Detected in Human Cancers
Authors: Gong Xue , Wu Ruihong , Wang Hongwei , Guo Xinwu , Wang Dong , Gu Yunyan , Zhang Yuannv , Zhao Wenyuan , Cheng Lixin , Wang Chenguang , Guo Zheng 
Published: March 2011

AbstractDifferential expression of microRNA (miRNA) is involved in many human diseases and could potentially be used as a biomarker for disease diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. However, inconsistency has often been found among differentially expressed miRNAs identified in various studies when using miRNA arrays for a particular disease such as a cancer. Before broadly applying miRNA arrays in a clinical setting, it is critical to evaluate inconsistent discoveries in a rational way. Thus, using data sets from 2 types of cancers, our study shows that the differentially expressed miRNAs detected from multiple experiments for each cancer exhibit stable regulation direction. This result also indicates that miRNA arrays could be used to reliably capture the signals of the regulation direction of differentially expressed miRNAs in cancer. We then assumed that 2 differentially expressed miRNAs with the same regulation direction in a particular cancer play similar functional roles if they regulate the same set of cancer-associated genes. On the basis of this hypothesis, we proposed a score to assess the functional consistency between differentially expressed miRNAs separately extracted from multiple studies for a particular cancer. We showed although lists of differentially expressed miRNAs identified from different studies for each cancer were highly variable, they were rather consistent at the level of function. Thus, the detection of differentially expressed miRNAs in various experiments for a certain disease tends to be functionally reproducible and capture functionally related differential expression of miRNAs in the disease. Mol Cancer Ther; 10(5); 752–60. ©2011 AACR.
Effects of Chronic Rosiglitazone Treatment on Renal Handling of Salt and Water in Rats With Volume-Overload Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Goltsman Ilia , Wang Xinkang , LaVallie Edward R. , DiBlasio-Smith Elizabeth A. , Ovcharenko Elena , Hoffman Aaron , Abassi Zaid , Feuerstein Giora Z. , Winaver Joseph 
Published: March 2011

Background—
The side effects of fluid retention and edema of the thiazolidinedione (TZD) class of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonists limit their use in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). The present study aims to explore whether chronic treatment with the TZD compound rosiglitazone (RGZ) is associated with worsening of salt and water retention in male Sprague-Dawley rats with aorto-caval fistula, an experimental model of volume-overload CHF.

Methods and Results—

The effects of oral RGZ (30 mg/kg per day for 4 weeks) in CHF rats on plasma volume, cumulative sodium excretion, renal expression of Na
+
channels and transporters, and selected biomarkers of CHF were compared with those in CHF rats and sham-operated control rats treated with vehicle only (n=7 to 10). Additionally, the response to acute saline loading (3.5% of body weight) was evaluated after 2 weeks of treatment by renal clearance methodology. Chronic RGZ treatment caused no further increase in plasma volume compared with vehicle-treated CHF rats. Moreover, no increase in renal expression of Na
+
transport-linked channels/transporters was observed in response to RGZ. Cumulative sodium excretion was enhanced in CHF rats after RGZ and by another TZD compound, pioglitazone. In response to saline loading, RGZ-treated animals displayed a higher natriuretic/diuretic response than did vehicle-treated rats. Chronic RGZ treatment was not associated with any deterioration in selected biomarkers of CHF, whereas indices of cardiac hypertrophy and blood pressure were improved.

Conclusions—
Chronic RGZ treatment was not associated with worsening of fluid retention or cardiac status in rats with experimental volume-overload CHF. Rather, RGZ appeared to improve renal handling of salt and water in rats with CHF.
Echocardiographic Evaluation of Hemodynamics in Patients With Decompensated Systolic Heart Failure
Authors: Nagueh Sherif F. , Bhatt Rajat , Vivo Rey P. , Krim Selim R. , Sarvari Sebastian Imre , Russell Kristoffer , Edvardsen Thor , Smiseth Otto A. , Estep Jerry D. 
Published: March 2011

Background—
Doppler echocardiography is currently applied for the assessment of left ventricular and right ventricular hemodynamics in patients with cardiovascular disease. However, there are conflicting reports about its accuracy in patients with unstable decompensated heart failure. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the technique in patients with unstable heart failure.

Methods and Results—

Consecutive patients with decompensated heart failure had simultaneous assessment of left ventricular and right ventricular hemodynamics invasively and by Doppler echocardiography. In 79 patients, the noninvasive measurements of stroke volume (
r
=0.83,
P
<0.001), pulmonary artery systolic (
r
=0.83,
P
<0.001) and diastolic pressure (
r
=0.51,
P
=0.009), and mean right atrial pressure (
r
=0.85,
P
<0.001) all had significant correlations with invasively acquired measurements. Several Doppler indices had good accuracy in identifying patients with pulmonary capillary wedge pressure >15 mm Hg (area under the curve, 0.86 to 0.92). The recent American Society of Echocardiography/European Association of Echocardiography guidelines were highly accurate (sensitivity, 98%; specificity, 91%) in identifying patients with increased wedge pressure. In 12 repeat studies, Doppler echocardiography readily detected the changes in mean wedge pressure (
r
=0.75,
P
=0.005) as well as changes in pulmonary artery systolic pressure and mean right atrial pressure.

Conclusions—
Doppler echocardiography provides reliable assessment of right and left ventricular hemodynamics in patients with decompensated heart failure.
The Contribution of Socialist Ethnography to Darhad 'Shamanism'
Authors: Hangartner Judith 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis article analyses socialist ethnographies of the Darhad in northernmost Mongolia. It compares accounts of the early 1930s by the Buryat scholars Sanjeev and Zhamtsarano with those of the 1960s by the Mongolian ethnographer Badamhatan and the Hungarian scholar Diószegi. It shows how these accounts increasingly identified the Darhad with the shamans among them and laid the ground for the widespread present-day perception of the Darhad as 'shamanists'. Furthermore, it discusses how socialist ethnographies were connected to the larger Mongolian socialist nationality project and contributed to the very ideological foundation of the Mongolian nation-state. A careful analysis of the accounts reveals that in the early 1960s, when Westerners believed that shamanism in Siberia and Mongolia was becoming extinct, socialist ethnographers met with numerous practising Darhad shamans in the Shishget depression in northern Hövsgöl.
'A Very Quiet, Outspoken, Pleasant Gentleman [sic]': The United States Military Attaché's Reports on Baron von Ungern-Sternberg, March 1921
Authors: Boyd James 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn works dealing with modern Mongolia, the 'Mad' or 'Bloody' Baron UngernSternberg is always mentioned and, more often than not, the picture that is painted of him is a man driven by demons, someone who committed unspeakable atrocities against almost all he encountered. This article does not dispute that Ungern-Sternberg committed atrocities during the Russian civil War, but draws on contemporary english-language sources that suggest that the portrayal of the baron as a 'monster' is open to doubt.
Being Local Outsiders: a Study of Chinese Ethos in East Siberia
Authors: Sántha István , Safonova Tatiana 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis article is based on anthropological fieldwork conducted in East Siberia among local Chinese and Evenki people. Local Chinese people have a double perspective (that of locals, but at the same time that of foreigners), which helps them to establish both business and friendship relationships with Evenki, switching between flexible and long-term frames. a cybernetic approach derived from the work of Bateson enables us to analyse these relationships as manifestations of a self-regulating system of communication, and also allows us to re-examine Marshall Sahlins' concept of reciprocity.
The Metaphorical Use of Avuncular Terminology in Buriad Diaspora Relationships with Homeland and Host Society
Authors: Namsaraeva Sayana 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe significance of the kinship relationship between the mother's brother and sister's son (avunculate) was one of the most discussed topics in the history of social anthropology. Two theories of pre-Schneiderian age – descent and alliance approaches – both consider avuncular relations as being tense and contradictive, associated with certain privileges of the maternal uncle and his senior hierarchical position in relation to Ego. This paper tries to establish the relevance of this classical anthropological theme to contemporary social and political realities in Buriad society, specifically to extend the discussion of the classificatory/metaphorical use of avuncular kinship terminology to a new context – that of diaspora relationships with homeland and host society. A recent tendency in kinship studies argues that kinship terminology can be employed flexibly to handle relationships of various kinds, and suggests that kinship terms should often be understood as referring to a kind of social relationship rather than to a specifically genealogical connection. Two cases, which I present in the paper, show how Buriad diaspora communities in Mongolia and Inner Mongolia (China) involve the avuncular relationship to define their concerns and tensions in relation both to colonisers in the homeland in Russia and to the social inequality of migrants in their host societies. This local phenomenon shows that kinship terminology continues to have a wider social significance, being used, for example, to express current inequalities of power and the impact of political changes on local experience.
Black mulberries (Morus nigra) as a natural dye for animal tissues staining
Authors: Tousson Ehab , Al-Behbehani Bahija 
Published: March 2011

AbstractNatural dyes produce an extraordinary diversity of rich and complex colours as well as unexpected results, making them exciting to use. Natural dyes have been used for staining wool, silk, carpet and cotton. Black mulberry (Morus nigra) has strong staining activity and a distinct flavor with juicy and acidic characteristics making them attractive for use in the processing industry in products such as fruit juice, ice cream, jelly, and jam. Aim of this study was to investigate a new staining method using black mulberry for whole mount and transverse sections staining of fasciola. Adult liver flukes (Fasciola sp.) were collected from the livers of naturally infected cows at slaughterhouse, washed with physiological saline solution. Some adult Fasciola were collected, immersed in 10% neutral buffered formalin for fixation, and embedded in paraffin for histological studies. The rest of whole mount of adult worms were collected, and then stained by the new method (dye extracted form beet root) and Carmine staining method for control. Sections, 7-10 micrometer from adult worms were collected, and then stained by the new method and hematoxyllin & eosin staining method for control. By using the dye extracted from beet root, zoologists and parasitologists can make identification and differentiation between different parasites. By using the dye extracted from black mulberry, zoologists and parasitologists can make identification and differentiation between different parasites. This dye method can be an alternative to cost and time consuming current chemical staining methods.
Host detection and rate of parasitism by Acroricnus seductor (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a natural enemy of mud-dauber wasps (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae)
Authors: Polidori Carlo , Federici Matteo , Mendiola Pablo , Selfa Jesús , Andrietti Francesco 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
The behavioural ecology of ichneumonid wasps that attack aculeate Hymenoptera is still largely unknown. Field observations and morphological analyses were devoted to investigate host detection and rate of parasitism by Acroricnus seductor (Scopoli), a natural enemy of the black and yellow mud dauber wasp Sceliphron caementarium (Drury). At the study site, about half of the host nests suffered parasitism by A. seductor. No significant difference was found between the rate of parasitism in sheltered (inside human building) and unsheltered (outside building) nests. Larger nests did not suffer a higher rate of parasitism, and larger brood cells were not more likely to be parasitized. As revealed by contents of parasitized cells, A. seductor appeared to act as a kleptoparasitoid, devouring spider prey and young host larvae. Analysis of video recordings obtained in the field revealed the basic behavioural sequence of host detection. Acroricnus seductor female taps with the antennae the host nest surface and, once a suitable host brood cell is found, inserts the ovipositor through the mud wall, possibly facilitated by the secretion of a mud-softening substance. Behavioural data, together with the presence of modified tips on the apex of female antennae and the relative thicknesses of female fore tibiae, strongly suggest that A. seductor uses echolocation to detect the host.
Treatment with vitamin C ameliorated the alterations in p53 and Bcl2 caused by lead-induced toxicity
Authors: El Barbary Ahmed , Tousson Ehab , Rafat Bassem , Hessien Mohamed , Samy Ahmed 
Published: March 2011

AbstractLead (Pb) toxicity is one of the commonest environmental problems in our life; it causes many reversible and irreversible changes in our tissues. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of vitamin C as a natural antioxidant on the treatment of oxidative stress caused by lead poisoning in rabbits, and its ability to increase P53 without affecting Bcl2 apoptosis proteins. Lead acetate [Pb(Ac)2] was orally administrated to rabbits for 21 days and then treated by vitamin C for another 21 days. The effect of this treatment was investigated by measuring two of the apoptosis proteins p53 and Bcl2. Hemoglobin auto-oxidation rate is measured and their histopathological changes in liver, kidney and bone marrow were investigated. Our data indicate that exposure to rabbits to Pb(Ac)2 caused significant increase of apoptosis protein p53 and decrease in the antiapoptotic BCl2 proteins, where treatment with vitamin C ameliorated these effects.