bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of cellular senescence by developmentally regulated FGF receptors in mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Coutu Daniel L. , François Moïra , Galipeau Jacques 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBone-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are important cells for use in cell therapy, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine, but also to study bone development, homeostasis, and repair. However, little is known about their developmental ontology and in vivo identity. Because fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) play key roles in bone development and their receptors are developmentally regulated in bones, we hypothesized that MSCs should express FGF receptors (FGFRs), reflecting their developmental origin and potential. We show here that FGFR1/2 are expressed by rare mesenchymal progenitors in putative MSC niches in vivo, including the perichondrium, periosteum, and trabecular marrow. FGFR1+ cells often appeared as pericytes. These cells display a characteristic MSC phenotype in vitro when expanded with FGF-2, which appears to maintain MSC stemness by inhibiting cellular senescence through a PI3K/AKT-MDM2 pathway and by promoting proliferation. FGFRs may therefore be involved in MSC self-renewal. In summary, FGFR1/2 are developmentally regulated markers of MSCs in vivo and in vitro and are important in maintaining MSC stemness.
Controlled activation of morphogenesis to generate a functional human microvasculature in a synthetic matrix
Authors: Hanjaya-Putra Donny , Bose Vivek , Shen Yu-I , Yee Jane , Khetan Sudhir , Fox-Talbot Karen , Steenbergen Charles , Burdick Jason A. , Gerecht Sharon 
Published: April 2011

AbstractUnderstanding the role of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in vascular morphogenesis has been possible using natural ECMs as in vitro models to study the underlying molecular mechanisms. However, little is known about vascular morphogenesis in synthetic matrices where properties can be tuned toward both the basic understanding of tubulogenesis in modular environments and as a clinically relevant alternative to natural materials for regenerative medicine. We investigated synthetic, tunable hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels and determined both the adhesion and degradation parameters that enable human endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) to form efficient vascular networks. Entrapped ECFCs underwent tubulogenesis dependent on the cellular interactions with the HA hydrogel during each stage of vascular morphogenesis. Vacuole and lumen formed through integrins α5β1 and αVβ3, while branching and sprouting were enabled by HA hydrogel degradation. Vascular networks formed within HA hydrogels containing ECFCs anastomosed with the host's circulation and supported blood flow in the hydrogel after transplantation. Collectively, we show that the signaling pathways of vascular morphogenesis of ECFCs can be precisely regulated in a synthetic matrix, resulting in a functional microvasculature useful for the study of 3-dimensional vascular biology and toward a range of vascular disorders and approaches in tissue regeneration.
Posttranscriptional deregulation of MYC via PTEN constitutes a major alternative pathway of MYC activation in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Bonnet Mélanie , Loosveld Marie , Montpellier Bertrand , Navarro Jean-Marc , Quilichini Benoit , Picard Christophe , Di Cristofaro Julie , Bagnis Claude , Fossat Chantal , Hernandez Lucie , Mamessier Emilie , Roulland Sandrine , Morgado Ester , Formisano-Tréziny Christine , Dik Willem A. , Langerak Anton W. , Prebet Thomas , Vey Norbert , Michel Gérard , Gabert Jean , Soulier Jean , Macintyre Elizabeth A. , Asnafi Vahid , Payet-Bornet Dominique , Nadel Bertrand 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Cumulative evidence indicates that MYC, one of the major downstream effectors of NOTCH1, is a critical component of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) oncogenesis and a potential candidate for targeted therapy. However, MYC is a complex oncogene, involving both fine protein dosage and cell-context dependency, and detailed understanding of MYC-mediated oncogenesis in T-ALL is still lacking. To better understand how MYC is interspersed in the complex T-ALL oncogenic networks, we performed a thorough molecular and biochemical analysis of MYC activation in a comprehensive collection of primary adult and pediatric patient samples. We find that MYC expression is highly variable, and that high MYC expression levels can be generated in a large number of cases in absence of NOTCH1/FBXW7 mutations, suggesting the occurrence of multiple activation pathways in addition to NOTCH1. Furthermore, we show that posttranscriptional deregulation of MYC constitutes a major alternative pathway of MYC activation in T-ALL, operating partly via the PI3K/AKT axis through down-regulation of PTEN, and that NOTCH1m might play a dual transcriptional and posttranscriptional role in this process. Altogether, our data lend further support to the significance of therapeutic targeting of MYC and/or the PTEN/AKT pathways, both in GSI-resistant and identified NOTCH1-independent/MYC-mediated T-ALL patients.
The chlamydial periplasmic stress response serine protease cHtrA is secreted into host cell cytosol
Authors: Wu Xiang , Lei Lei , Gong Siqi , Chen Ding , Flores Rhonda , Zhong Guangming 
Published: April 2011

Abstract

Background
The periplasmic High Temperature Requirement protein A (HtrA) plays important roles in bacterial protein folding and stress responses. However, the role of chlamydial HtrA (cHtrA) in chlamydial pathogenesis is not clear.

Results
The cHtrA was detected both inside and outside the chlamydial inclusions. The detection was specific since both polyclonal and monoclonal anti-cHtrA antibodies revealed similar intracellular labeling patterns that were only removed by absorption with cHtrA but not control fusion proteins. In a Western blot assay, the anti-cHtrA antibodies detected the endogenous cHtrA in Chlamydia-infected cells without cross-reacting with any other chlamydial or host cell antigens. Fractionation of the infected cells revealed cHtrA in the host cell cytosol fraction. The periplasmic cHtrA protein appeared to be actively secreted into host cell cytosol since no other chlamydial periplasmic proteins were detected in the host cell cytoplasm. Most chlamydial species secreted cHtrA into host cell cytosol and the secretion was not inhibitable by a type III secretion inhibitor.

Conclusion
Since it is hypothesized that chlamydial organisms possess a proteolysis strategy to manipulate host cell signaling pathways, secretion of the serine protease cHtrA into host cell cytosol suggests that the periplasmic cHtrA may also play an important role in chlamydial interactions with host cells.
Class-C SOX Transcription Factors Control GnRH Gene Expression via the Intronic Transcriptional Enhancer
Authors: Kim Hee-Dae , Choe Han Kyoung , Chung Sooyoung , Kim Myungjin , Seong Jae Young , Son Gi Hoon , Kim Kyungjin 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
GnRH is a pivotal hypothalamic neurohormone governing reproduction and sexual development. Because transcriptional regulation is crucial for the spatial and temporal expression of the GnRH gene, a region approximately 3.0 kb upstream of the mammalian GnRH promoter has been extensive studied. In the present study, we demonstrate a transcription-enhancer located in the first intron (intron A) region of the GnRH gene. This transcriptional enhancer harbors putative sex-determining region Y-related high-mobility-group box (SOX) family transcription factor-binding sites, which are well conserved across many mammalian species. The class-C SOX member proteins (SOX-C) (SOX4 and SOX11) specifically augment this transcriptional activation by binding to these SOX-binding sites. In accordance, SOX11 is highly enriched in immortalized GnRH-producing GT1-1 cells, and suppression of its expression significantly decreases GnRH gene expression as well as GnRH secretion. Chromatin immunoprecipitation shows that endogenous SOX-C factors recognize and bind to the intronic enhancer in GT1-1 cells and the hypothalamus. Accompanying immunohistochemical analysis demonstrates that SOX4 or SOX11 are highly expressed in the majority of hypothalamic GnRH neurons in adult mice. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that SOX-C transcription factors function as important transcriptional regulators of cell type-specific GnRH gene expression by acting on the intronic transcriptional enhancer.
Planting Gardens, Planting Flags: Revolutionary France in the South Pacific
Authors: Harrison Carol E. 
Published: April 2011

In the revolutionary years, expeditions to the Pacific regularly planted gardens in distant lands and returned home with exotic plants for cultivation in France. These scientist-dominated ventures saw acclimatization as the model for a new exploration that would benefit both native peoples and their French discoverers. An imperialism driven by acclimatization, which created gardens rather than colonies, presented enlightened Frenchmen with the imaginative opportunity to redeem the sins of the Atlantic by opening the new world of the Pacific in nonviolent and nonexploitative fashion. For the “philosophical navigators” under the command of Jean-Antoine Bruny d'Entrecasteaux and Nicolas Baudin, the global circulation of plants and animals was the centerpiece of a virtuous imperialism, and they ridiculed their British and Spanish rivals who sought to create traditional, territorially based colonial empires. The British colony at Port Jackson, where convicts tended successful gardens, however, revealed the limitations of their enlightened approach to discovery.
A l'époque révolutionnaire, les expéditions françaises vers le Pacifique ont cultivé des jardins dans les terres lointaines et leurs membres ont collectionné des plantes exotiques pour la transplantation en France. Pour les scientifiques qui dominaient ces expéditions, l'acclimatation était la clé d'une exploration bienveillante qui profiterait également aux indigènes et aux Français. L'impérialisme de l'acclimatation, produisant jardins au lieu de colonies, a offert à l'imaginaire français la possibilité de découvrir le Pacifique sans violence et ainsi de racheter les abus de l'Atlantique. Pour les « voyageurs philosophiques » sous la commande de Jean-Antoine Bruny d'Entrecasteaux et de Nicolas Baudin, la circulation globale des plantes et des animaux était au cœur d'un impérialisme vertueux. Ils ont ridiculisé leurs rivaux anglais et espagnols qui cherchaient à créer des empires coloniaux de style traditionnel et territorial. Cependant, la colonie anglaise de Port Jackson, ou les forçats déportés cultivaient déjà des jardins, montrait les limites de ce colonialisme éclairé.
Layered Nb2O5–WOx Sheet Catalyst Composed of Nanofibers That Are Active in Friedel–Crafts Reactions
Authors: Okumura Kazu , Ishida Soichiro , Tomiyama Takuya , Niwa Miki 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
We found that the post treatment of Nb2O5–WOx fibers with an aqueous solution of oxalic acid resulted in the formation of nanosheet oxides with a layer-by-layer structure in which bundles of fibers were assembled. The oxalic acid-treated catalyst showed much better recyclability in Friedel–Crafts alkylation and acylation compared to untreated material.
Overcoming Redundancy: An RNAi Enhancer Screen for Morphogenesis Genes inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Sawyer Jacob M , Glass Stephanie , Li Trudy , Shemer Gidi , White Noor D , Starostina Natalia G , Kipreos Edward T , Jones Corbin D , Goldstein Bob 
Published: April 2011

AbstractMorphogenesis is an important component of animal development. Genetic redundancy has been proposed to be common among morphogenesis genes, posing a challenge to the genetic dissection of morphogenesis mechanisms. Genetic redundancy is more generally a challenge in biology, as large proportions of the genes in diverse organisms have no apparent loss of function phenotypes. Here, we present a screen designed to uncover redundant and partially redundant genes that function in an example of morphogenesis, gastrulation in Caenorhabditis elegans. We performed an RNA interference (RNAi) enhancer screen in a gastrulation-sensitized double-mutant background, targeting genes likely to be expressed in gastrulating cells or their neighbors. Secondary screening identified 16 new genes whose functions contribute to normal gastrulation in a nonsensitized background. We observed that for most new genes found, the closest known homologs were multiple other C. elegans genes, suggesting that some may have derived from rounds of recent gene duplication events. We predict that such genes are more likely than single copy genes to comprise redundant or partially redundant gene families. We explored this prediction for one gene that we identified and confirmed that this gene and five close relatives, which encode predicted substrate recognition subunits (SRSs) for a CUL-2 ubiquitin ligase, do indeed function partially redundantly with each other in gastrulation. Our results implicate new genes in C. elegans gastrulation, and they show that an RNAi-based enhancer screen in C. elegans can be used as an efficient means to identify important but redundant or partially redundant developmental genes.
Prevalent Diagnosis of Orofacial Fissures in a Reference Service with Resident Cases in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Bastos Paulo Roberto Haidamus de Oliveira , Pontes Elenir Rose Jardim Cury , Bogo Danielle , Gardenal Mirela 
Published: April 2011

Introduction: The orofacial fissures are among the most frequent congenital malformations and show a clinical diversity, causing a series of severe complications permanently observed in the individual through his/her lifetime.
Objective: To estimate the prevalent types of congenital orofacial fissures diagnosed in a reference service with resident cases in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul from January 2003 to December 2007.
Method: An observation study of transverse incision was performed, whose data was obtained from the records at Rehabilitation Hospital of Craniofacial Anomalies (HRAC/USP/SP). To calculate the prevalence, live-born data (SINASC) was used.
Results: In brief, there were 271 diagnosed cases in the reference service, with the unilateral incisive trans-foramen fissures prevailing for the left side, which mostly attacked the male gender and white ethnicity. The mother's average age was 25 and her school education was from 9 to 11 years, with a history of pregnancy complications and without prior fissures. At SINASC, 98 cases of fissure were noticed for the same period, corresponding to a prevalence of 0.49 per 1,000 births.
Conclusion: In the present study, it was possible to estimate the prevalence of fissure by the data from both the Hospital and SINASC, but future studies regarding the orofacial fissures epidemiology in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul and the Midwestern Region, using uniform terminology for classification purposes, are necessary to compare and follow up with the seasonal evolution of prevalence.
Epley's Maneuver in Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: Series of Cases Reports
Authors: Marchiori Luciana Lozza de Moraes , Melo Juliana Jandre , Romagnoli Caroline Ravaghani , de Oliveira Thaís Butieri 
Published: April 2011

Summary
Introduction: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is probably the most common cause of vertigo in women.
Objective: To report the result of Epley's maneuver when treating BPPV patients.
Method: Study of a series of 9-month-long cases of five female individuals aged between 46 and 64 with BPPV, who were submitted to Epley's maneuver at a scholar clinics, having the positive Dix-Hallpike maneuver at the first consultation as an inclusion criterion, and evaluations were repeated in a six and nine-month term.
Results: Only one Epley's maneuver, as the only therapeutic procedure, was enough to eliminate nystagmus and positional vertigo in 4 patients, who did not show a positive Dix-Hallpike maneuver in the two reevaluations performed. Only one patient showed BPPV in the first reevaluation of the study term, and nystagmus reoccurred in the second evaluation only.
Conclusion: Epley's repositioning maneuver proved to be a simple and effective BPPV treatment method for this study's patients at length.
Hearing Aid Fitting Protocols for Adults and Elderly Individuals
Authors: Jardim Isabela de Souza , Sizenando Carina Stábile , Bento Ricardo Ferreira , Iwahashi Juliana Harumi 
Published: April 2011

Summary
Introduction: The hearing aids are one of the options used in auditory rehabilitation with the objective to improve communication and to minimize the limitations caused by hearing loss. Despite the development of technology, the selection and fitting processes demand specific procedures which goal is to maximize performance, benefit and user' satisfaction.
Aim: To describe the hearing aid selecting and fitting protocol for adults and the elderly in an audiological center, which development was based on previously described and validated protocols from the specific literature and information based on clinical practice.
Conclusions: The Hearing Aid Selecting and Fitting Protocol for adults and elder subjects showed that a greater amount of collected information provides better expectations for the patients' real life and greater effectiveness in counseling about hearing aids use, promoting maximum auditory performance, satisfaction and benefit to users.
Effects of Oral Breathing on the Nutritional Status: Why does it Happen?
Authors: da Cunha Daniele Andrade , da Silva Giselia Alves Pontes , da Silva Hilton Justino 
Published: April 2011

SummaryIntroduction: Some children who breathe through the mouth and present nocturnal obstructive apnea can present a delay in the pondero-statural growth.Objective: The objective of this article is to analyze the orofacial myofunctional alterations found in oral breathers and the effects on their nutritional status. It focuses on the importance of the interdisciplinary team following up with the overall oral breathing alterations.Method: The used method was a literature's revision based on articles published in indexed scientific magazines, books and post-graduation works. Most articles were identified on LILACS, MEDLINE, and SCIELO databases.Results: A relation between oral breathing and an alteration in the general feeding process is noticeable and associated with difficulties in smelling, tasting, and orofacial myofunctional disorders, what comes to have an effect on the nutritional status.Final commentaries: The wide range of causes involved in oral breathing requires an interdisciplinary team trained to identify such alterations, enabling preventive measures to be undertaken, in order to avoid alterations in the general health, regular development of the face, as well as in the nutritional status in these individuals' relevant growth stages.
Chronic Cough in Otorhinolaryngologic Routine
Authors: Neto Francisco Xavier Palheta , Ramos Camilo Ferreira , Tavares e Silva Amanda Monteiro , dos Santos Karla Araújo Nascimento , de Azevedo Ana Carolina Guimarães , Palheta Angélica Cristina Pezzin 
Published: April 2011

SummaryIntroduction: The chronic cough is sometimes manifested as an imprecise symptom, but of great importance for both the diagnosis and the prognosis. In an otorhinolaryngologic approach, several illnesses that can occur with it can be numbered, including 2 of the 3 main causes of chronic cough.Objective: To identify the main otorhinolaryngologic diseases showing the chronic cough as one of their manifestations.Method: A literature's revision was performed in several scientific articles, specialized books and consultation in Birene and Scielo databases.Literature's revision: cough production in the upper airways is usually associated with an inflammatory reaction by stimulating sensitive receptors of these areas or by mechanic stimulus. The main cause of the chronic cough in the otorhinolaryngology day-to-day is the post-nasal drip, gathering together by itself 02 of the most common diseases: rhinitis and sinusitis. Laryngitis as a result of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) stands out in the index of chronic cough etiology, but it is not as severe as GER . Neoplasias are also somewhat frequent causes of cough, and the difficulty in diagnosing the cough cause is common in this disease group. Motility disorder, laryngeal irritation persistence, parasitic disease and injuries by inhalation of toxic products were also found as a cause of cough for longer than 03 months.Conclusion: Chronic cough is a frequent and important finding in otorhinolaryngology and cannot be underestimated, and a careful anamnesis is the best way to determine the etiology and perform a correct treatment for the patient's disease.
Methacholine Challenge as a Clinical Bioassay of Pulmonary Delivery of a Long‐Acting β2‐Adrenergic Agonist
Authors: Prabhakaran Sreekala , Shuster Jonathan , Ahrens Richard , Hendeles Leslie 
Published: April 2011

Study Objective. To determine whether the methacholine challenge method used for albuterol can be applied to assess long‐acting β2‐adrenergic agonist (LABA) bioequivalence, which would require a sufficiently steep dose‐response curve.Design. Prospective, unblinded, randomized, 2–way crossover study.Setting. University medical center clinical research laboratory.Patients. Ten adults, aged 21–58 years, with mild asthma (forced expiratory volume in 1 sec [FEV1] ≥ 70% predicted) and a baseline provocational concentration of methacholine required to decrease FEV1 by 20% (PC20) of 4 mg/ml or less completed the study.Intervention. Patients were randomized to receive a single dose of either 12 or 24 μg of formoterol delivered by a dry powder inhaler; 3–7 days later, at the same time of day, they received the other dose.Measurements and Main Results. The FEV1 was measured before and 1 hour after dosing, followed by performance of a methacholine challenge. Statistical analysis was performed by the 2–sample regression method for crossover studies. The dose‐response curve for bronchodilatation was flat; the mean ± SD increase in FEV1 after formoterol 12 and 24 μg was 14 ± 5% and 14 ± 8%, respectively (p>0.05). In contrast, the geometric mean PC20 (95% confidence interval) was 7 mg/ml (2–22 mg/ml) after the 12‐μg dose and 16 mg/ml (5–45 mg/ml) after the 24‐μg dose (p < 0.001).Conclusion. Bioassay by methacholine challenge will be useful for bioequivalence studies of LABAs. A sample of at least 28 patients will be required for formoterol when methacholine challenge is performed in an optimal manner. The sample size may differ for other LABAs.