bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimized wireless communication for 6G signal processing using memory‐augmented deep unfolding network
Authors: Eswaramoorthi R. , Prasad M. , R Senthil Rama , Maheswari V. Uma 
Published: April 2024

SummaryIn this manuscript, optimized wireless communication for 6G signals processing using memory‐augmented deep unfolding network (WC‐6G‐SP‐MADUN) is proposed. The aim of this work is to give a memory‐augmented deep unfolding network approach with a focus on belief propagation decoding of error correction codes and multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) wireless systems. In contrast, compares and tabulates the performance of memory‐augmented deep unfolding methodologies with classic principled procedures, which could potentially enable 6G. Here, the wireless communication for 6G signal processing methods was used for a variety of receiver functions, including self‐interference cancelation, signal estimation and detection using memory‐augmented deep unfolding Network (MADUN), and advanced error correction by clouded leopard optimization algorithm (CLOA). Furthermore, outline the general framework of memory‐augmented deep unfolding method for any kind of signal processing application and talk about cutting edge research paths that will make it possible to build communication networks in the future. The proposed approach is implemented in MATLAB; the performance is analyzed with performance metrics such as reliability, complexity, SNR gain, convergence rate, hardware efficiency, and quantization bit width. The proposed approach attains higher SNR gain 17.96%, 24.75%, and 30.09%; lower complexity 17.92%, 23.41%, and 30.13%; and higher convergence 18.01%, 25.41%, and 31.39% when analyzed with existing techniques such as redefined wireless communication for 6G: signal processing meets deep learning and deep unfolding (RWC‐6G‐SP‐DU), lower complication deep unfolded neural network receiver for MIMO under probability data association detector (LC‐DUNN‐MIMO‐PDAD), and deep learning in physical layer communications: evolution with prospects on 5G and 6G networks (DL‐PLC‐6G), respectively.
Formulation characterization of lecithin organogel as topical drug delivery system for psoriasis: In‐vitro permeation and preclinical evaluation
Authors: Bule Prajakta , Kadkanje Prashant , Kshirsagar Ravikiran , Puppala Eswara Rao , Naidu Vegi Ganga Modi , Chella Naveen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory and proliferative skin disease that causes pathological skin changes and has a substantial impact on the quality of patient life. Apremilast was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration as an oral medication for psoriasis and is beneficial in mild to moderate conditions for chronic usage. However, 5%–7% of withdrawals were reported due to severe side effects. To address the issue, a localized drug delivery strategy via the topical route may be a viable approach. However, poor physicochemical properties make it vulnerable to passing through the skin, requiring a specialized drug delivery system to demonstrate its full potential via a topical route like lecithin organogel. The formulation was optimized by screening the suitable lecithin type and non‐polar solvents based on the gel formation ability of lecithin and the solubility of apremilast in the solvent. The pseudo‐ternary diagram was used to optimize the water content required to form the gel. The optimized gel was found to be shear thinning characterized for rheological parameters, in‐vitro diffusion studies, and in‐vitro skin distribution studies. Preclinical studies in Imiquimod‐induced mice showed a better reduction in severity index, cytokine levels, and epidermal hyperplasia from the lecithin organogel group compared to the apremilast oral administration and marketed standard topical gel group. Based on these results, lecithin organogel can be considered a promising approach to deliver molecules like apremilast by topical route in psoriatic‐like conditions.
Is there a relationship between abuse of alcohol and illicit drugs seen in hair results?
Authors: Pragst Fritz , Niebel André , Thurmann Denise , Dullin Monique , Eichberg Susann , Mörlein Frederike , Hartwig Sven 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCombined use of alcohol and illicit drugs is a serious health and social problem. In this study, it was examined, whether a relationship between alcohol and drug abuse can be ascertained by comparison of alcohol marker and drug concentrations in hair. In the frame of a social support system for families with parental abuse of illicit drugs, hair samples were analyzed between 2011 and 2022 for methadone, heroin (6‐acetylmorphine), cocaine, amphetamine, ecstasy (MDMA), cannabinoids (THC), and the alcohol markers ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl palmitate (EtPa). For 1314 hair samples from adolescent and adult family members, the hair results show a prevalence of combined occasional or regular drug use and social or abusive alcohol use of 41%–60% except heroin (35%). The drug concentrations were statistically compared in the three categories of abstinence or moderate drinking, social drinking, and alcohol abuse. For the most frequently detected drug cocaine (n = 703), a significant increase of the concentrations with rising alcohol consumption was found. The frequent detection of cocaethylene proved the preferred simultaneous intake of both substances. For THC (n = 489), no significant difference between the alcohol consumer groups was seen. Concerning the less frequently detected methadone (n = 89), 6‐acetylmorphine (n = 92), amphetamine (n = 123), and MDMA (n = 105), no clear trend between drug and alcohol marker results was determined. It is concluded that the evaluation of hair results is an appropriate way to study the extent of combined drug–alcohol consumption and complements other studies based on acquisition of consumption data by interview or questionnaire.
Why the racing industry and equestrian disciplines need to implement population pharmacokinetics: To learn, explain, summarize, harmonize, and individualize
Authors: Toutain Pierre‐Louis 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPopulation pharmacokinetics (POP PK) is a powerful pharmacokinetic tool, which measures quantitatively, and explains the variability in drug exposure and drug effect between individuals. POP PK uses an observational (nonexperimental) approach; it is conducted in the target population living in its normal environment (e.g., farm and race‐track). The strength of the POP PK approach lies in its greater relevance for the population studied in its different natural environments than experimental studies carried out in more or less biased laboratory conditions. In clinical settings, it is commonly necessary to restrict the number of samples per subject collected for analysis and the derived data cannot be analyzed using traditional individual data analytical methods; rather data are merged and analyzed with an appropriate statistical tool: the nonlinear mixed effect model (NLMEM). POP PK modeling is frequently used with the objective of adjusting drug dosage, and hence drug exposure, not only for the whole population but also for subgroups of animals (e.g., for a given breed, sex, and age). It can also have application at the individual subject level, in the context of precision medicine. For horses, the use of the POP PK/PD model will allow prescribers to estimate an individual Withdrawal Time for a given horse whose treatment they are supervising. Another potential field of application will be meta‐analysis of existing data to generate new knowledge on a drug or to collate and synthesize, in an objective and transparent manner, existing data; this will facilitate harmonization of screening limits at an international level.
Development of a capillary temperature control system for capillary electrophoresis instruments designed for spaceflight applications
Authors: Berg Andrew B. , Ferreira Santos Mauro S. , Bautista Anthony , Mora Maria F. , Pauken Michael T. , Noell Aaron C. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCapillary temperature control during capillary electrophoresis (CE) separations is key for achieving accurate and reproducible results with a broad array of potential methods. However, the difficulty of enabling typical fluid temperature control loops on portable instruments has meant that active capillary temperature control of in situ CE systems has frequently been overlooked. This work describes construction and test of a solid‐state device for capillary temperature control that is suitable for inclusion with in situ instruments, including those designed for space missions. Two test articles were built, a thermal mass model (TMM) and a functional model (FM). The TMM demonstrated that temperature gradients could be limited using the proposed control scheme, and that our thermal modeling of the system can be relied on for future adaptations of physical geometries of the system. The FM demonstrated CE analytical performance while under active temperature control and that the device was compatible with the harsh thermal‐vacuum environments that might be encountered during space flight.
A new method for layout layer optimization of long horizontal boreholes for gas extraction in overlying strata: A case study in Guhanshan coal mine, China
Authors: Guo Mingjie , Guo Wenbing , Zhao Gaobo , Yuan Ruifu , Tan Yi , Bai Erhu , Ma Zhibao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe gases released by underground coal mining pose a threat to mine safety, lead to resource wastage, and contribute to environmental pollution. Employing long horizontal boreholes (LHB) for gas extraction proves to be an effective solution. However, accurately determining the LHB's position within the overlying rock strata is challenging due to complex mining and geological conditions. This study introduces a novel “zone‐position” method for identifying the optimal LHB placement, utilizing both physical simulation tests and theoretical analysis. The approach comprises two steps. Initially, it identifies the appropriate LHB layout zone within the overlying strata. It delineates four subzones within the fractured zone, among which the stable fractured subzone (SFSZ) is identified as the most favorable for LHB placement. The boundaries of the SFSZ are also defined. Subsequently, the method focuses on pinpointing the LHB's precise location within the SFSZ, proposing a criterion that considers gas accumulation, strata permeability, and LHB stability. Application of this method in engineering projects demonstrates that the gas extracted by LHBs accounts for about 60% of the total gas emission. Furthermore, the volume of gas extracted at the optimal LHB location reaches up to 5.52 m3 min−1, triple that of other locations.
Expression and secretion of galectin‐12 in the context of neutrophilic differentiation of human promyeloblastic HL‐60 cells
Authors: Tazhitdinova Rada , Cristiano Sara , Yi Joshua , Zhurov Vladimir , DeKoter Rodney P. , Timoshenko Alexander V. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGalectin‐12 is a tissue‐specific galectin that has been largely defined by its role in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation and lipogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate the role of galectin‐12 in the differentiation and polarization of neutrophils within a model of acute myeloid leukemia HL‐60 cells. All‐trans retinoic acid and dimethyl sulfoxide were used to induce differentiation of HL‐60 cells which led to the generation of two phenotypes of neutrophil‐like cells with opposite changes in galectin‐12 gene (LGALS12) expression and different functional responses to N‐formyl‐
l‐methionyl‐
l‐leucyl‐
l‐phenylalanine. These phenotypes showed significant differences of differentially expressed genes on a global scale based on bioinformatics analysis of available Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data sets. We also demonstrated that HL‐60 cells could secrete and accumulate galectin‐12 in cell culture medium under normal growth conditions. This secretion was found to be entirely inhibited upon neutrophilic differentiation and was accompanied by an increase in intracellular lipid droplet content and significant enrichment of 22 lipid gene ontology terms related to lipid metabolism in differentiated cells. These findings suggest that galectin‐12 could serve as a marker of neutrophilic plasticity or polarization into different phenotypes and that galectin‐12 secretion may be influenced by lipid droplet biogenesis.
Lactate‐induced metabolic remodeling and myofiber type transitions via activation of the Ca2+‐NFATC1 signaling pathway
Authors: Zhou Yu , Liu Xi , Qi Zhen , Huang Caihua , Yang Longhe , Lin Donghai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLactate can serve as both an energy substrate and a signaling molecule, exerting diverse effects on skeletal muscle physiology. Due to the apparently positive effects, it would be interesting to consider it as a sports supplement. However, the mechanism behind these effects are yet to be comprehensively understood. In this study, we observed that lactate administration could improve the ability of antifatigue, and we further found that lactate upregulated the expression of myosin heavy chain (MYHC I) and MYHC IIa, while downregulating the expression of MYHC IIb. Besides, transcriptomics and metabolomics revealed significant changes in the metabolic profile of gastrocnemius muscle following lactate administration. Furthermore, lactate enhanced the activities of metabolic enzymes, including HK, LDHB, IDH, SDM, and MDH, and promoted the expression of lactate transport‐related proteins MCT1 and CD147, thereby improving the transport and utilization of lactate in both vivo and vitro. More importantly, lactate administration increased cellular Ca2+ concentration and facilitated nuclear translocation of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFATC1) in myotubes, whereas inhibition of NFATC1 significantly attenuated the effects of lactate treatment on NFATC1 nuclear translocation and MyHC expression. Our results elucidate the ability of lactate to induce metabolic remodeling in skeletal muscle and promote myofiber‐type transitions by activating the Ca2+‐NFATC1 signaling pathway. This study is useful in exploring the potential of lactate as a nutritional supplement for skeletal muscle adaptation and contributing to a mechanistic understanding of the central role of lactate in exercise physiology.
Hypogonadism, frailty, and postoperative outcomes among men undergoing radical nephrectomy
Authors: Greenberg Daniel R. , Rhodes Stephen P. , Lazarovich Alon , Bhambhvani Hriday P. , Gago Luis C. , Patel Hiten D. , Brannigan Robert E. , Shoag Jonathan E. , Halpern Joshua A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveHypogonadism and frailty may impact postoperative outcomes for men undergoing radical nephrectomy (RN). We aimed to determine the prevalence of hypogonadism in men undergoing RN and whether hypogonadism and frailty are associated with adverse postoperative outcomes.MethodsWe identified men undergoing RN between 2012 and 2021 using the IBM Marketscan database. Frailty was determined using the Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS). Patients were considered to have hypogonadism if diagnosed <5 years before RN. Length of stay (LOS), complications, emergency department (ED) visits, and readmissions were evaluated between men with and without hypogonadism at the time of surgery. Subgroup analysis of men with hypogonadism was performed to determine the effect of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on clinical outcomes.ResultsAmong 13 598 men who underwent RN, 972 (7.1%) had hypogonadism. Men with hypogonadism were more frail compared to men without hypogonadism (HFRS: median: 8.2, interquartile range [IQR]: 5.2–11.7 vs. median: 7.0, IQR: 4.3–10.7, p < 0.001) and had increased incidence of postoperative ileus (13.0% vs. 10.8%, p = 0.045), acute kidney injury (25.5% vs. 21.6% p = 0.005), and cardiac arrest (1.2% vs. 0.6%, p = 0.034). Hypogonadism was not associated with LOS, 90‐day ED visit or readmission. However, high‐risk frailty was associated with increased risk of 90‐day ED visit (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.1, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.9–2.4, p < 0.001) and 90‐day inpatient readmission (HR: 2.6, 95% CI: 2.2–3.1, p < 0.001), compared to low‐risk frailty patients. Among men with hypogonadism, TRT was not associated with any postoperative outcomes.ConclusionsHypogonadism and frailty should be considered in the preoperative evaluation for men undergoing RN as risk factors for adverse postoperative outcomes.
Role of magnetic resonance imaging in the prediction of histological grade in soft tissue sarcomas
Authors: Marques Tomás Mansur Duarte de Miranda , Cerqueira Wagner Santana , Neto João Lisboa de Flores , Kupper Bruna Elisa Catin , Takahashi Renata Mayumi , Bezerra Tiago Santoro , Stevanato Filho Paulo Roberto , Nakagawa Wilson Toshihiko , Lopes Ademar , Aguiar Samuel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundSoft tissue sarcomas are rare malignant tumors with significant heterogeneity. The importance of classifying histological grades is fundamental to defining the treatment approach.ObjectiveTo evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting the histological grade of soft tissue sarcomas.MethodsA retrospective observational study included patients over 18 years undergoing MRI and primary tumor surgery at AC Camargo Cancer Center from January 2015 to June 2022. Two radiologists evaluated MRI criteria (size, margin definition, heterogeneity of the T2 signal, high‐intensity peritumoral signal on T2, and postperitumoral contrast), and a grading prediction score was calculated. χ2 and logistic regression analyses were conducted.ResultsSixty‐eight patients were included (38 men; median: 48 years). Moreover, 52 high‐grade and 16 low‐grade tumors were observed. The MRI criteria associated with histological grade were peritumoral high‐intensity T2‐weighted signals (p < 0.001) and peritumoral postcontrast enhancement (p = 0.006). Logistic regression confirmed their significance (odds ratio [OR]: 11.8 and 8.8, respectively). Each score point increment doubled the chance of high‐grade tumors (OR: 2.0; p = 0.014).ConclusionMRI effectively predicts histological grades of soft tissue sarcomas. Peritumoral high‐intensity T2‐weighted signals and peritumoral postcontrast enhancement are valuable indicators of high‐grade tumors. This highlights MRI's importance in treatment decision‐making for sarcoma patients.
Topological Corner Modes by Composite Wannier States in Glide‐Symmetric Photonic Crystal
Authors: Liu Zhenzhen , Zhou Xiaoxi , Wei Guochao , Gao Lei , Hou Bo , Xiao Jun‐Jun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSecond‐order topological insulators can be characterized by their bulk polarization, which is believed to be intrinsically connected to the center of the Wannier function. In this study, the existence of second‐order topological insulators is demonstrated that feature a pair of partially degenerate photonic bands. These arise from the nonsymmorphic glide symmetry in an all‐dielectric photonic crystal. The center of the maximally localized Wannier function (MLWF) is consistently located at the origin but is not equivalent with respect to the sum of constituent polarizations. As a result, topological corner modes can be identified by the distinctly hybridized MLWFs that truncate at the sample boundary. Through full‐wave numerical simulations paired with microwave experiments, the second‐order topology is clearly confirmed and characterized. These topological corner states exhibit notably unique modal symmetries, which are made possible by the inversion of the Wannier bands. These results provide an alternative approach to explore higher‐order topological physics with significant potential for applications in integrated and quantum photonics.
Compact, Scalable, Fast‐Response Multimode 2 × 2 Optical Switch Based on Inverse Design
Authors: Sun Shangsen , Tong Weiyu , Yang Erqi , Wu Bo , Zhang Runsen , Zhu Ning , Hu Bin , Gao Dingshan , Dong Jianji , Zhang Xinliang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMode‐division multiplexing (MDM) introduces a new dimension to on‐chip optical interconnection, where the multimode optical switch is one of the core components. However, researchers are still struggling to reduce the chip size and response time, despite great efforts being made. Here, a compact, scalable, fast‐response multimode 2 × 2 switch supporting four modes is demonstrated based on the specific inverse design. The device consists of two multimode 2 × 2 CB couplers (including mode converters, multimode interference couplers, and crossings) and a thermo‐optic (TO) phase shifter. It achieves extinction ratios exceeding 15 dB for all modes at the central wavelength of 1.55 µm. All the fundamental components are designed by an improved general shape optimization method, realizing a compact size and a larger manufacturing tolerance (±20 nm). Besides, a hydrogen‐doped indium oxide microheater is introduced as a TO phase shifter to achieve a fast response (≈3.5 µs in average) for all modes. This solution provides an effective avenue toward large‐scale multimode optical switch matrices for the future MDM systems.
Search for cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in patients with major psychiatric disorders: Multiplex immunoassay findings and proximity extension assay prospects
Authors: Hidese Shinsuke 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMultiplex immunoassays have been developed to detect multiple proteins simultaneously and are used to search for biomarkers, including those present in major psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to review multiplex immunoassay studies on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers in patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD) and examine future research directions using improved proteomic techniques. According to the results of previous multiplex immunoassay studies, increased CSF IFN‐β, IL‐8, MCP‐2, MMP‐2, PAI‐1, sICAM‐1, and sVCAM‐1 and decreased CSF ACE, APP, fibrinogen, and GDNF were observed in patients with schizophrenia, while CSF HGF and S100B were positively correlated with psychotic symptom and CSF IL‐11, IL‐29/IFN‐λ1, and TSLP were negatively correlated. Increased CSF IFN‐β and IL‐1β and decreased CSF Aβ42, APP, IL‐6, and NCAM‐1 were observed, while CSF S100B was positively correlated with manic symptom in patients with BD. Increased CSF IL‐4, MCP‐1, MIP‐1β, and MMP‐2 were observed in patients with MDD, while CSF HGF and MMP‐2 were positively correlated with depressive symptom and CSF IL‐15 and MCP‐1 were negatively correlated. However, signal cross‐talk and cross‐reactivity problems have been observed in previous studies using multiplex immunoassay. The proximity extension assay can be used to overcome cross‐reactivity and enable ultrasensitive multiplexed detection and quantification of more than 1000 target proteins. However, proteomic studies using proximity extension assay technology in patients with schizophrenia, BD, or MDD are still scarce. Therefore, future high‐quality proteomic studies are required to identify CSF biomarkers for larger sets of target proteins in patients with major psychiatric disorders.