bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The incidence of primary hip osteoarthritis in active duty US military servicemembers
Authors: Scher Danielle L. , Belmont Philip J. , Mountcastle Sally , Owens Brett D. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractObjectiveAlthough multiple studies have reported the prevalence of primary hip osteoarthritis (OA), little has been reported on incidence rates of hip OA. We sought to determine the incidence rate and demographic risk factors of hip OA in an ethnically diverse and physically active population of US military servicemembers.MethodsA query was performed using the US Defense Medical Epidemiology Database for the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code for hip OA (715.95). Multivariate Poisson regression analysis was used to estimate the rate of hip OA per 100,000 person‐years, controlling for sex, race, age, rank, and service.ResultsThe overall unadjusted incidence rate of hip OA was 35 per 100,000 person‐years. Women, compared with men, had a significantly increased adjusted incidence rate ratio for hip OA of 1.87 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.73–2.01). The adjusted incidence rate ratio for black servicemembers when compared with white servicemembers was 1.32 (95% CI 1.23–1.41). The adjusted incidence rate ratio for the ≥40‐year‐old age group compared with the 20‐year‐old group was 22.21 (95% CI 17.54–28.14). With junior officers as the referent category, junior enlisted, senior enlisted, and senior officers rank groups had a significantly increased adjusted incidence rate ratio for hip OA. With the Air Force as the referent category, each service had a significantly increased adjusted incidence rate ratio for hip OA.ConclusionFemale sex; black race; age ≥40 years; junior enlisted, senior enlisted, and senior officer rank groups; and military service in the Navy, Army, or Marines were all risk factors for hip OA.
Effector CD8+ T cells in systemic sclerosis patients produce abnormally high levels of interleukin‐13 associated with increased skin fibrosis
Authors: Fuschiotti Patrizia , Medsger Thomas A. , Morel Penelope A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractObjectiveT lymphocytes play an important role in systemic sclerosis (SSc), a connective tissue disease characterized by inflammation, fibrosis, and vascular damage. While their precise role and antigen specificity are unclear, T cell–derived cytokines likely contribute to the induction of fibrosis. The aim of this study was to establish the role of cytokine dysregulation by T cells in the pathogenesis of SSc.MethodsTo identify relationships between a specific cytokine, T cell subset, and the disease course, we studied a large cohort of patients with diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) or limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc). Using Luminex analysis and intracellular cytokine staining, we analyzed the intrinsic ability of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets to produce cytokines following in vitro activation.ResultsHigh levels of the profibrotic type 2 cytokine interleukin‐13 (IL‐13) were produced following activation of peripheral blood effector CD8+ T cells from SSc patients as compared with normal controls or with patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In contrast, CD4+ T cells showed a lower and more variable level of IL‐13 production. This abnormality correlated with the extent of fibrosis and was more pronounced in dcSSc patients than in lcSSc patients.ConclusionDysregulated IL‐13 production by effector CD8+ T cells is important in the pathogenesis of SSc and is critical in the predisposition to more severe forms of cutaneous disease. Our study is the first to identify a specific T cell phenotype that correlates with disease severity in SSc and can be used as a marker of immune dysfunction in SSc and as a novel therapeutic target.
Development and evaluation of web service‐based interactive and simulated learning environment for computer numerical control
Authors: Wu Wen‐Hsiung , Chen Wei‐Fan , Fang Lung‐Ching , Lu Chao‐Wei 
Published: March 2009

AbstractMultimedia technology and Internet applications are important tools for teaching and learning in engineering education. Nowadays online simulative environments are indispensable tools for teaching computer numerical control (CNC) course in mechanical engineering. Nevertheless, past studies seldom designed CNC code or program error handling mechanisms, and failed to use new emergent technologies and applications. This study proposed a design for a WSISLE‐CNC (web service‐based interactive and simulated learning environment for CNC) based on Web service technology. A questionnaire survey from vocational school instructors and students revealed a high degree of enthusiasm for this proposed approach. In summary, the main contributions of this study to engineering education are: (1) development of several types of CNC code or program error handling mechanisms and applications, and (2) use of Web service concepts and technology to develop various kinds of CNC simulation services. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 18: 407–422, 2010; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com; DOI 10.1002/cae.20147
Randomized gossip algorithms for maintaining a distributed bulletin board with guaranteed age properties
Authors: Amar Lior , Barak Amnon , Drezner Zvi , Okun Michael 
Published: March 2009

AbstractScalable computer systems, including clusters and multi‐cluster grids, require routine exchange of information about the state of system‐wide resources among their nodes. Gossip‐based algorithms are popular for providing such information services due to their simplicity, fault tolerance and low communication overhead. This paper presents a randomized gossip algorithm for maintaining a distributed bulletin board among the nodes of a scalable computer system. In this algorithm each node routinely disseminates its most recently acquired information while maintaining a snapshot of the other nodes' states. The paper provides analytical approximations for the expected average age, the age distribution and the expected maximal age for the acquired information at each node. We confirm our results by measurements of the performance of the algorithm on a multi‐cluster campus grid with 256 nodes and by simulations of configurations with up to 2048 nodes. The paper then presents practical enhancements of the algorithm, which makes it more suitable for a real system. Such enhancements include using fixed‐size messages, reducing the number of messages sent to inactive nodes and supporting urgent information. The enhanced algorithm guarantees the age properties of the information at each node in the configurations with an arbitrary number of inactive nodes. It is being used in our campus grid for resource discovery, for dynamic assignment of processes to the best available nodes, for load‐balancing and for on‐line monitoring. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electron Transfer Dynamics in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells Utilizing Oligothienylvinylene Derivates as Organic Sensitizers
Authors: Clifford John N. , Forneli Amparo , López‐Arroyo Leticia , Caballero Rubén , de la Cruz Pilar , Langa Fernando , Palomares Emilio 
Published: March 2009

AbstractMany dyes make light work: Molecular photovoltaic devices based on nanocrystalline TiO2 are prepared by using two dye sensitizers (see figure). Their relative efficiencies are greatly dependent on the molecular structures of the dyes.magnified imageTwo new organic dyes have been synthesized and used as efficient light‐harvesting materials in molecular photovoltaic devices. These dyes are based on conjugated thienylvinylene units, with FL‐4 consisting of a four‐unit thienylvinylene oligomer and its homologue FL‐7 which additionally incorporates the electron‐donating triphenylamine unit (TPA) into its structure. Upon light excitation both dyes show efficient electron injection into the TiO2 conduction band and slow back electron transfer to the oxidized dye. In fact, for FL‐7, the back electron transfer dynamics are slower owing to efficient hole transfer to the TPA moiety situated further from the semiconductor surface. However, the electron recombination kinetics with the oxidized electrolyte for both FL‐4 and FL‐7 in dye‐sensitized solar cells are faster than for devices made using the ruthenium dye N719. We believe that this is a serious limiting factor for devices based on oligothiophenes which, despite showing higher molecular extinction coefficients in the vis‐NIR region of the solar spectrum, still cannot challenge the light‐to‐energy conversion efficiency of N719 or other ruthenium polypyridyl complexes.
Use of adenovirus for ectopic gene expression in Xenopus
Authors: Dutton James R. , Daughters Randy S. , Chen Ying , O'Neill Kathy E. , Slack J.M.W. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWe show that replication defective adenovirus can be used for localized overexpression of a chosen gene in Xenopus tadpoles. Xenopus contains two homologs of the Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor (xCAR1 and 2), both of which can confer sensitivity for adenovirus infection. xCAR1 mRNA is present from the late gastrula stage and xCAR2 throughout development, both being widely expressed in the embryo and tadpole. Consistent with the expression of the receptors, adenovirus will infect a wide range of Xenopus tissues cultured in vitro. It will also infect early embryos when injected into the blastocoel or archenteron cavities. Furthermore, adenovirus can be delivered by localized injection to tadpoles and will infect a patch of cells around the injection site. The expression of green fluorescent protein in infected cells persists for several weeks. This new gene delivery method complements the others that are already available. Developmental Dynamics 238:1412–1421, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In vitro investigations related to the hypothesis that Lipoatrophia semicircularis finds its origin in electro‐stimulation
Authors: Verschaeve Luc , Maes Annemarie 
Published: March 2009

AbstractLipoatrophia semicircularis (L.s.) is an idiopathic condition characterized by semicircular impressions of the skin, usually at the front and sides of both thighs. It is characterized by atrophy of the subcutaneous adipocytes whereas the skin and muscles remain normal. L.s. was originally considered to be very rare but over the past 13 years an outburst of L.s. has been observed in companies in Belgium and later on also in companies in other countries (e.g., Spain) where several hundred individuals were diagnosed with L.s. All these subjects belonged to the administrative personnel and worked in renovated or new offices. Different hypotheses have been put forward to explain the appearance of Lipoatrophia semicircularis but the hypothesis of an ‘electric’ origin of L.s. is probably the best documented and plausible. The present study was aimed to further investigate the likelihood of this hypothesis. The alkaline comet assay was used to investigate DNA damage in cells of different origin following exposure to a (strong) electric current. It was found that adipocytes showed more DNA damage than the other cells and hence that they are more vulnerable to such a current than macrophages and white blood cells. It was also found that DNA damage is significantly induced by an electric current in the blood from L.s. subjects whereas this is not so in blood from subjects without L.s. This may indicate that L.s. subjects are more responsive to an induced electric current and supports the hypothesis of an ‘electric’ origin of L.s. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Systematic study of the performance of a reverse flow reactor for the treatment of lean hydrocarbon emissions
Authors: Marín Pablo , Ordóñez Salvador , Díez Fernando V. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Reverse flow reactors are widely used for the treatment of gaseous emissions containing different hydrocarbons. However, most of the reported studies are focused on the combustion of a given hydrocarbon over a given catalyst. Consequently, any conclusions are difficult to extrapolate to other systems due to the wide range of variation of the chemical properties in these systems (reactivity, concentrations, combustion enthalpy, etc.).RESULTS: A new generalized approach for the design of reverse flow reactors (RFR) for the catalytic combustion of lean hydrocarbon‐air mixtures is proposed in this work. This approach allows the preliminary design of RFR for the combustion of a given hydrocarbon on a given catalyst, in terms of intrinsic kinetics (kinetic constant and activation energy) and adiabatic temperature rise (a function of concentration and combustion enthalpy). The combined effect of the adiabatic temperature rise, Damköhler number, dimensionless activation energy and space velocity (GHSV) on typical RFR performance (switching time of 300 s) has been determined, building different charts for determining the stable operating regions in terms of these variables. A one‐dimensional heterogeneous model, experimentally validated for the combustion of hexane and toluene over a Pt/Al2O3 catalyst, was used.CONCLUSIONS: Results obtained allow a preliminary design (i.e. determination of the required space velocity) for the effective abatement (99.99% conversion) of a given hydrocarbon in a RFR, if its concentration, reaction enthalpy and kinetic parameters are known. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Early detection (9+6 weeks) of cardiac failure in a fetus diagnosed as Turner syndrome by 2D transvaginal ultrasound‐guided coelocentesis
Authors: Tonni Gabriele , Azzoni Daniela , Ventura Alessandro , De Felice Claudio , Marinelli Maria 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA 28‐year‐old woman was diagnosed by transvaginal ultrasound at 9+6 weeks with early fetal cardiac failure (hydrothorax and bradycardia). Doppler analysis of ductus venosus showed a negative A‐wave pattern. The follow‐up sonogram obtained at 11+6 weeks documented a missed abortion. A transvaginal ultrasound‐guided coelocentesis was performed under local cervical anesthesia before uterine suction and 8 mL of clear extracoelomic fluid were successfully aspirated. Cytogenetic analysis demonstrated a 45,X karyotype. Ultrasound and Doppler waveform analysis of ductus venosus allowed early diagnosis of fetal cardiac failure. Coelocentesis may be the method of choice for early fetal karyotyping and may be used in the future to induce immunologic tolerance. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2009.
Raman spectroscopic study of the uranyl mineral pseudojohannite Cu6.5[(UO2)4O4(SO4)2]2(OH)5·25H2O
Authors: Frost Ray L. , Plášil Jakub , Čejka Jiří , Sejkora Jiří , Keeffe Eloise C. , Bahfenne Silmarilly 
Published: March 2009

AbstractRaman spectra of pseudojohannite were studied and related to the structure of the mineral. Observed bands were assigned to the stretching and bending vibrations of (UO2)2+ and (SO4)2− units and of water molecules. The published formula of pseudojohannite is Cu6.5(UO2)8[O8](OH)5[(SO4)4]·25H2O. Raman bands at 805 and 810 cm−1 are assigned to (UO2)2+ stretching modes. The Raman bands at 1017 and 1100 cm−1 are assigned to the (SO4)2− symmetric and antisymmetric stretching vibrations. The three Raman bands at 423, 465 and 496 cm−1 are assigned to the (SO4)2−ν2 bending modes. The bands at 210 and 279 cm−1 are assigned to the doubly degenerate ν2 bending vibration of the (UO2)2+ units. UO bond lengths in uranyl and OH···O hydrogen bond lengths were calculated from the Raman and infrared spectra. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Substrate binding modifies the hinge bending characteristics of human 3‐phosphoglycerate kinase: A molecular dynamics study
Authors: Palmai Zoltan , Chaloin Laurent , Lionne Corinne , Fidy Judit , Perahia David , Balog Erika 
Published: March 2009

Abstract3‐Phosphogycerate kinase (PGK) is a two domain enzyme, with a binding site of the 1,3‐bisphosphoglycerate on the N‐domain and of the ADP on the C‐domain. To transfer a phosphate group the enzyme has to undergo a hinge bending motion from open to closed conformation to bring the substrates to close proximity. Molecular dynamics simulation was used to elucidate the effect of ligand binding onto the domain motions of this enzyme. The simulation results of the apo form indicate a hinge bending motion in the ns timescale while the time period of the hinge bending motion of the complex form is clearly over the 20 ns simulation time. The apo form exhibits several hinge points that contribute to the hinge bending motion while upon binding the ligands, the hinge bending becomes strictly restrained with one dominant hinge point in the vicinity of the substrates. At the same time, ligand binding results in an enhanced correlation of internal domain motions. Proteins 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quantitative analysis and prediction of curvature in leucine‐rich repeat proteins
Authors: Hindle K. Lauren , Bella Jordi , Lovell Simon C. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractLeucine‐rich repeat (LRR) proteins form a large and diverse family. They have a wide range of functions most of which involve the formation of protein–protein interactions. All known LRR structures form curved solenoids, although there is large variation in their curvature. It is this curvature that determines the shape and dimensions of the inner space available for ligand binding. Unfortunately, large‐scale parameters such as the overall curvature of a protein domain are extremely difficult to predict. Here, we present a quantitative analysis of determinants of curvature of this family. Individual repeats typically range in length between 20 and 30 residues and have a variety of secondary structures on their convex side. The observed curvature of the LRR domains correlates poorly with the lengths of their individual repeats. We have, therefore, developed a scoring function based on the secondary structure of the convex side of the protein that allows prediction of the overall curvature with a high degree of accuracy. We also demonstrate the effectiveness of this method in selecting a suitable template for comparative modeling. We have developed an automated, quantitative protocol that can be used to predict accurately the curvature of leucine‐rich repeat proteins of unknown structure from sequence alone. This protocol is available as an online resource at http://www.bioinf.manchester.ac.uk/curlrr/. Proteins 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Rho GTPase inactivation domain in Vibrio cholerae MARTX toxin has a circularly permuted papain‐like thiol protease fold
Authors: Pei Jimin , Grishin Nick V. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA Rho GTPase inactivation domain (RID) has been discovered in the multifunctional, autoprocessing RTX toxin RtxA from Vibrio cholerae. The RID domain causes actin depolymerization and rounding of host cells through inactivation of the small Rho GTPases Rho, Rac, and Cdc42. With only a few toxin proteins containing RID domains in the current sequence database, the structure and molecular mechanisms of this domain are unknown. Using comparative sequence and structural analyses, we report homology inference, fold recognition, and active site prediction for RID domains. Remote homologs of RID domains were identified in two other experimentally characterized bacterial virulence factors: IcsB of Shigella flexneri and BopA of Burkholderia pseudomallei, as well as in a group of uncharacterized bacterial membrane proteins. IcsB plays an important role in helping Shigella to evade the host autophagy defense system. RID domain homologs share a conserved diad of cysteine and histidine residues, and are predicted to adopt a circularly permuted papain‐like thiol protease fold. RID domains from MARTX toxins and virulence factors IcsB and BopA thus could function as proteases or acyltransferases acting on host molecules. Our results provide structural and mechanistic insights into several important proteins functioning in bacterial pathogenesis. Proteins 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Examination of the distribution of nicosulfuron in sunflower plants by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry imaging
Authors: Anderson David M. G. , Carolan Vikki A. , Crosland Susan , Sharples Kate R. , Clench Malcolm R. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractMatrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI‐MSI) has been used to image the distribution of the pesticide nicosulfuron (2‐[[(4,6‐dimethoxypyrimidin‐2‐yl)aminocarbonyl]aminosulfonyl]‐N,N‐dimethyl‐3‐pyridinecarboxamide) in plant tissue using direct tissue imaging following root and foliar uptake. Sunflower plants inoculated with nicosulfuron were horizontally sectioned at varying distances along the stem in order to asses the extent of translocation; uptake via the leaves following foliar application to the leaves and uptake via the roots from a hydroponics system were compared. An improved sample preparation methodology, encasing samples in ice, allowed sections from along the whole of the plant stem from the root bundle to the growing tip to be taken. Images of fragment ions and alkali metal adducts have been generated that show the distribution of the parent compound and a phase 1 metabolite in the plant. Positive and negative controls have been included in the images to confirm ion origin and prevent false‐positive results which could originate from endogenous compounds present within the plant tissue. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Semi‐automated tandem mass spectrometric (MS/MS) triple quadrupole operating parameter optimization for high‐throughput MS/MS detection workflows
Authors: Geddes Kristin , Adamson Gary , Dube Neal , Crathern Susan , King Richard C. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis paper describes an automated workflow for the determination of selected reaction monitoring (SRM) transitions and optimum mass spectrometric (MS) instrument parameters. The approach uses a Nanomate from Advion Biosciences for automated infusion of small amounts of sample in combination with Automaton optimization software from Sciex. The results are stored in the Analyst software Compound Database for automated acquisition method building. Comparisons are presented between the more traditional optimization methods of manual flow injection optimization, Autotune infusion optimization, Automaton flow injection optimization and the Nanomate–Automaton optimization approach. Data is also presented to show that acquisition methods developed on the Sciex model API3000 instrument can be effectively transferred to the Sceix API4000 and API5000 model instruments. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry for the simultaneous determination of dasatinib, imatinib and nilotinib in mouse plasma
Authors: Hsieh Yunsheng , Galviz Gerica , Zhou Qiao , Duncan Christine 
Published: March 2009

AbstractHydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) interfaced with atmospheric pressure ionization (API) sources and a tandem mass spectrometer (MS/MS) was developed for the simultaneous determination of dasatinib, imatinib and nilotinib in mouse plasma samples. The retention profiles of all analytes on several silica stationary phases under HILIC conditions were explored. The influences of experimental factors such as the compositions of mobile phases on the chromatographic performance and the ionization efficiency of all analytes in positive ion mode were investigated. The applicability of the proposed HILIC/MS/MS approach following a protein precipitation procedure for the quantitative determination of dasatinib, imatinib and nilotinib at low nano‐mole levels was examined with respect to assay specificity and linearity. The analytical results obtained by various HILIC/MS/MS approaches were found to be in good agreement with those obtained by reversed‐phase liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (RPLC/MS/MS) methods in terms of assay sample throughputs, sensitivity and accuracy. Furthermore, the potential of matrix ionization suppression on the proposed HILIC/MS/MS systems was investigated using the post‐column infusion technique. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.