bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative analysis of corrosion assessment techniques for steel in reinforced concrete exposed to brine water environments
Authors: Wongpanya Pornwasa , Phangking Dapanee , Phueakphum Decho 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Corrosion assessment of steel-reinforced concrete specimens submerged in synthetic brine water with various chloride concentrations for 1–16 weeks was performed. Mass loss measurements combined with electrochemical techniques – half-cell potential, linear polarization (LP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) – were employed. The results obtained from all corrosion assessments – on-site testing (half-cell potential measurements), laboratory scale (LP and EIS measurements), and destructive testing (mass loss or immersion measurements) – exhibited remarkable consistency, complementarity, and mutual supportiveness. Corrosion rate (CR) values from mass loss were close to those obtained from LP and EIS. The corrosion resistance decreased with increasing chloride concentration and immersion time, as indicated by the highest CR, Ca2+, and Fe2+ concentrations, and the lowest half-cell potential and polarization resistance. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigation on the corroded steel surface revealed Fe(III) oxides and hydroxides and Fe(III) (FeCl3), corresponding to the reduction in polarization resistance in the LP and EIS results.
Polymer nanocomposite for protecting photovoltaic cells from solar ultraviolet in space
Authors: Darwish Abdalla M. , Sarkisov Sergey S. , Graycol Brandon , Hribljan Anja , Patel Darayas N. , Fedoseyev Alex , Hui David , Mele Paolo , Latronico Giovanna , Cho Kyu , Giri Anit , Koplitz Brent 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Polymer nanocomposite coatings of solar photovoltaic cells that absorb solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation and convert it into visible and near-infrared (NIR) light can increase the operational lifetime and the energy efficiency of the cells. We report a polymer nanocomposite spectrum converting layer (SCL) made of colorless polyimide CORIN impregnated with the nanoparticles (NPs) of fluoride NaYF4 doped with three-valent ions of Europium at a molar concentration of 60%. The NPs were the nanocrystals (179 ± 35 nm in size) in thermally stable hexagonal beta-phase. The visible-NIR photoluminescence quantum yield of the nano-powder was ∼69%. The SCLs were applied using the open-air multi-beam multi-target pulsed laser deposition method to silicon heterojunction (SHJ), copper-indium-gallium-selenide (CIGS), and inverted metamorphic multijunction (IMM) solar cells. The cells were exposed to UV radiation from a 365 nm light emitting diode. The I–V characteristics of the cells were measured with a solar simulator using AM0 filter. The proposed SCLs improved the UV stability of all three types of the cells: the power degradation of SHJs and IMMs cells was stopped or slightly reversed and the degradation rate of CIGSs decreased by ∼25%. The proposed SCLs have great commercial potential, especially for applications to space power.
A hitelportfóliók maximális bedőlési valószínűségének meghatározása I.
Authors: VÖRÖS József , SCHEPP Zoltán 
Published: April 2024

Hitelezési veszteségek a befolyásoló tényezők jövőbeni állapota ismeretének hiányából erednek, és e tényezőket a belső sajátosságokat kifejező, úgynevezett idioszinkratikus, illetve a külső, úgynevezett makró okok csoportjába sorolja az irodalom. Kedvező külső körülmények fennállása esetén is 2-4\%-ra tehető a hitelek bedőlési aránya, melyre fel lehet készülni. Viszont a külső környezetben létezhetnek olyan kedvezőtlen makró állapotok, melyeknek bekövetkezése a bedőlések arányának növekedését vonja maga után. Fontos ezért annak elemzése, hogy milyen makró tényezők, és azok milyen mértékben okozzák a bedőlések arányának változását. A Vasicek-modell használata ismert a pénzügyi szférában: a Vasicek-modell egyetlen hitelterméktípus bedőlési valószínűségének meghatározását tűzi ki célul, és a külső, úgynevezett makróhatásokat egyetlen magyarázó változóban sűríti össze. E tanulmány megállapítja, hogy a Vasicek-modell bedőlési valószínűségre adott becslése nagyon érzékeny az input paraméterekre, melyek száma egyébként is nagy, továbbá gyakran valós értékük nehezen mérhető. Fontos azt is megjegyezni, hogy a modell nehezen bizonyítható összefüggéseket tételez fel. A modell értékeit megtartva e tanulmány alapvetően két irányban indított modellcsaládot enged útjára, melyek kidolgozásánál alapvető cél volt, hogy egy banki felső vezetés, vagy felügyeleti szerv számára könnyen áttekinthető (pl. egy ábrában összefoglalható), hasznos módszertant javasoljunk, ahol az inputok a lehető legegyértelműbbek és mérhetők.

E tanulmánynak folytatását szánjuk, mely publikációban több hiteltermékre vonatkozóan, szimultán módon határozzuk meg a maximális veszteségek nagyságát, amikor több külső (makró) tényezőt is felhasználhatunk magyarázó változóként.
Cumulus matrix selection leads to isolation of spermatozoa with better motility, morphology, and lower DNA fragmentation
Authors: Handzhiyska Maria , Ganeva Rumiana , Parvanov Dimitar , Ruseva Margarita , Eftimov Petar , Georgieva Vilyana , Velikova Denitsa , Stamenov Georgi 
Published: April 2024

The objective of this study was to compare the motility, morphology, and levels of DNA fragmentation of spermatozoa subjected to conventional swim-up or cumulus matrix (CM) sperm selection. Semen samples were collected from 60 normozoospermic men at a private hospital between December 2021 and March 2022. After liquefaction, semen samples were separated into two portions – one part was subjected to conventional swim-up preparation, and the remaining spermatozoa were subjected to CM selection. The CM was obtained by mechanical isolation from healthy donor oocytes. Semen analysis and evaluation of sperm were performed according to the WHO 6th Edition Laboratory Manual and Kruger’s strict criteria, respectively. Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF, %) of the two preparations was evaluated using the Halosperm G2 detection Kit (Halotech, Madrid, Spain). Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare the characteristics of spermatozoa obtained by the two preparations. Spermatozoa selected by CM showed significantly better rapidly progressive motility (43.5% vs 30.6%, respectively, P < 0.001), a higher percentage of morphologically normal forms (14.0% vs 9.0%, respectively, P < 0.05), and lower levels of SDF (26.0% vs 45.0%, P < 0.05) compared to those prepared by conventional swim-up. Moreover, the incidence of multiple sperm defects was considerably lower in the samples that underwent CM selection compared to those that did not (30.0% vs 49.0%, respectively, P < 0.05).The selection by CM significantly increases sperm motility and reduces morphologically abnormal spermatozoa and DNA fragmentation rates compared to the conventional swim-up preparation. The application of this selection technique may increase the chances of successful IVF outcomes.

Lay summary
There are various techniques for selecting high-quality sperm with better shape, mobility, and DNA quality. However, the success of assisted reproduction techniques remains relatively unchanged. In this study, we describe an innovative method that uses the ingredients of a natural coat surrounding the egg (cumulus matrix) to enhance sperm selection procedures. Using this cumulus matrix as a barrier through which sperm cells pass, we mimic natural sperm–egg interactions and are able to select sperm with better characteristics compared to conventional methods. This new sperm selection procedure could lead to increased assisted reproduction success rates.
TGFB1 stimulates the proliferation of quiescent oogonial stem cells in chicken
Authors: Zhang Yun , Wu Wenhui , Ma Yuxiao , Wang Xuzhao , Wei Jiahui , Guo Xiaotong , Xue Man , Ji Jiarong , Zhu Guiyu 
Published: April 2024

In brief
Oogonial stem cells in the adult ovary can generate oocytes, but they are usually quiescent. TGFB1 is key in stimulating the proliferation of OSC, thereby ensuring the sustained reproductive potential in poultry species.

Abstract
Oogonial stem cells (OSCs) are a type of germ stem cell present in the adult ovary. They have the ability to self-renew through mitosis and differentiate into oocytes through meiosis. We have previously identified a population of OSCs in the chicken ovary, but the underlying mechanisms controlling their activation and proliferation were unclear. In this study, we observed that OSCs showed robust proliferation when cultured on a layer of chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF), suggesting that CEF may secrete certain crucial factors that activate OSC proliferation. We further detected TGFB1 as a potent signaling molecule to promote OSC proliferation. Additionally, we revealed the signaling pathways that play important roles downstream of TGFB1-induced OSC proliferation. These findings provide insights into the mechanisms underlying OSC proliferation in chickens and offer a foundation for future research on in situ activation of OSC proliferation in ovary and improvement of egg-laying performance in chickens.
A simple and cost-effective method for reducing microbial load in Salacia chinensis and Picrorhiza kurroa using glutaraldehyde
Authors: Shankar Mane , Umesh Chandra Dash , Shital Palghadmal , Nisha Mehta , Sriram Padmanabhan 
Published: April 2024

Microorganisms like fungi, bacteria, and viruses are naturally present in different parts of a plant (root, bark, and leaf) and these become inhabitants of the plant. The establishment of modern Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) approaches has therefore been made to evaluate the microbial load in medicinal plants. During the manufacturing of herbal extracts as drugs, the quality of the herbal extracts is dictated by the level of presence of microbes. In order to make the herbal extracts HACCP compliant as far as microbial load is concerned; we carried out studies with Glutaraldehyde (GA) as an antimicrobial agent in the manufacturing process in two randomly selected herbs of Salacia chinensis and Picrorhiza kurroa. The outcome of our analysis revealed that 0.5% of GA treatment to the pulverized raw material of Salacia chinensis and Picrorhiza kurroa is effective for reduction of > 99.99% microbial load with minimal effect on the percentage yield of extracts (10% - 20%) and their bioactive molecules Salacinol and Picroside I&II as seen by LC-MS and HPLC analysis, respectively. Furthermore, in this article, we demonstrate the use of sodium bisulfite for the removal of the residual GA in the extract to make the process eco-friendly and environment-safe.
Um savnskvinnuna Petru Djurhuus og fjøltáttaða arbeiði hennara á savnsøkinum frá síðst í 1920-árunum og fram til 1960-árini
Authors: Nónklett Margretha 
Published: April 2024

Úrtak
Petra Djurhuus er fyrsti føroyingur, sum hevur nomið sær lærdóm innan konservering og savnsarbeiði. Hon varð partur av Føroya forngripagoymslu, tá goymslan varð endurstovnað í 1928, og fekk ein virknan leiklut í nýskipanini og menningini av Forngripagoymsluni. Kortini er hon kám í føroysku savnssøguni. Í hesi grein verður hugt nærri at fjøltáttaða virksemi hennara á savnsøkinum og hugleitt verður um støðu hennara sum kvinna í savnsheiminum hetta tíðarskeiðið. Petra lærdi í Danmark og hevði nógv samstarv og sambond við donsk savnsfólk. Søga hennara verður tí eisini sett í ein størri samanhang, ið snýr seg um kvinnur á donskum søvnum tíðliga í 1900-árunum.

Abstract
Petra Djurhuus is the first person from the Faroe Islands who gained education within conservation and museum work. She became part of Føroya forngripagoymsla (the Faroese museum) when it was re-established in 1928 og soon became a leading force in the reorganization and development of the museum. Yet Petra Djurhuus is quite absent in the Faroese museum history. The aim of this paper is to examine her diverse work within the field and to reflect on her position as a woman in the museum world at that time. Petra Djurhuus studied in Denmark and had strong ties with colleagues form Danish museums. It therefore offers relevant context to view her story in a larger museal framework focusing on women working at Danish museums in the early 20th century.
Defining the Effects of PKC Modulator HIV Latency-Reversing Agents on Natural Killer Cells
Authors: Dimapasoc Melanie , Moran Jose , Cole Steve , Ranjan Alok , Hourani Rami , Kim Jocelyn , Wender Paul , Marsden Matthew , Zack Jerome 
Published: April 2024

Background: Latency reversing agents (LRAs) such as protein kinase C (PKC) modulators can reduce rebound-competent HIV reservoirs in small animal models. Furthermore, administration of natural killer (NK) cells following LRA treatment improves this reservoir reduction. It is currently unknown why the combination of a PKC modulator and NK cells is so potent and whether exposure to PKC modulators may augment NK cell function in some way.
Methods: Primary human NK cells were treated with PKC modulators (bryostatin-1, prostratin, or the designed, synthetic bryostatin-1 analog SUW133), and evaluated by examining expression of activation markers by flow cytometry, analyzing transcriptomic profiles by RNA sequencing, measuring cytotoxicity by co-culturing with K562 cells, assessing cytokine production by Luminex assay, and examining the ability of cytokines and secreted factors to independently reverse HIV latency by co-culturing with Jurkat-Latency (J-Lat) cells.
Results: PKC modulators increased expression of proteins involved in NK cell activation. Transcriptomic profiles from PKC-treated NK cells displayed signatures of cellular activation and enrichment of genes associated with the NFκB pathway. NK cell cytotoxicity was unaffected by prostratin but significantly decreased by bryostatin-1 and SUW133. Cytokines from PKC-stimulated NK cells did not induce latency reversal in J-Lat cell lines.
Conclusions: Although PKC modulators have some significant effects on NK cells, their contribution in “kick and kill” strategies is likely due to upregulating HIV expression in CD4+ T cells, not directly enhancing the effector functions of NK cells. This suggests that PKC modulators are primarily augmenting the “kick” rather than the “kill” arm of this HIV cure approach.
Social attention in the wild - Fixations to the eyes and autistic traits during a naturalistic interaction in a healthy sample
Authors: Buehler Raimund , Silani Giorgia , Ansorge Ulrich 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Attention to social stimuli is a key component of social behavior and facilitates the development of fundamental social skills. Studies investigating social attention in neurotypical or neurodiverse populations have often relied on screen-based experiments using static images or videos, which lack the sensory richness and reciprocity present in real-life social interactions. This can possibly be attributed to the challenges one encounters when creating naturalistic experiments, such as dealing with dynamically moving areas of interest (AOI’s), which require either time-intensive manual coding or restraining of participants. Here, we present findings from a paradigm using unrestrained mobile eye-tracking and a face detection algorithm (MTCNN) to measure fixation rates during a semi-structured, face-to-face interview. Data from N = 62 healthy adult participants was analyzed for gaze behavior and related to participants’ autistic traits. We observed a significant negative correlation between fixation rates on the eye region averaged over the entire interaction and scores on the autism spectrum quotient (AQ) (r = -0.14), indicating participants with high autistic traits were fixating less on the eye region. We also compared different types of interview questions (open vs. closed) to explore whether the reduction in fixation rates was more pronounced for specific time intervals during the interview. Lastly, we discuss both possibilities for extensions as well as limitations of the presented paradigm that could serve as inspiration for future research.
Decoupling effect and influencing factors of transportation carbon emissions in Hainan Province,China
Authors: Tang Yongping , Jiang Huiyuan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Hainan, as the pioneering province in China to declare a comprehensive ban on the sale of petrol-driven automobiles by 2030, is actively propelling the low-carbon transformation of its transportation industry. Through the integration of the Tapio model and the LMDI method, an exhaustive analysis spanning the years 2006 to 2020 was conducted to scrutinize the decoupling dynamics and influencing factors between carbon emissions in Hainan's transportation industry and the concurrent trajectory of its economic development. The research has yielded noteworthy findings: (1) Total and per capita carbon emissions from transportation exhibit an initial phase of rapid ascent followed by a gradual deceleration, with carbon emissions from oil energy sources constituting an overwhelming 99%, where kerosene stands out as the primary contributor with the highest proportional increase; (2) The decoupling index exhibits an "M" curve trajectory, signifying an overarching trend of initial deterioration succeeded by subsequent improvement, reflecting an unstable decoupling status; (3) With the introduction of urbanization effects, positively driving factors include income urbanization effect, spatial urbanization effect, transportation intensity effect, and industrial structure effect. Conversely, negatively driving factors encompass energy intensity effect, population urbanization effect, and energy structure effect. Among these, the paramount factor propelling an increase in carbon emissions is income urbanization effect, while the paramount factor inhibiting carbon emissions is energy intensity effect. Finally, proposing policy recommendations.
Blinatumomab-induced macrophage activating syndrome (MAS) in adult with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL)
Authors: Braun Adam , Otoukesh Salman , PharmD Jose Tinajero , Marcucci Guido , Aldoss Ibrahim 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Blinatumomab as a single agent has demonstrated superiority over salvage chemotherapy in patients with relapsed and refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), with manageable safety and efficacy. Though known to have anticipated drug toxicities including cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity, there is only one prior report of macrophage activating syndrome (MAS) due to blinatumomab. Case Presentation: We report the first case of blinatumomab-induced MAS in an adult. The patient presented with fever, cough, and weakness on the second cycle of blinatumomab. Complete blood count was notable for severe leukopenia, with comprehensive metabolic panel notable for elevated alkaline phosphatase, AST, ALT, LDH, and hyperferritinemia consistent with MAS. The patient was already in MRD-negative remission at presentation with MAS. She responded rapidly to withholding the drug and administration of both tocilizumab and dexamethasone. She was able to restart therapy with blinatumomab dosed at 9 mcg/day with no recurrence of symptoms. Conclusion: Though MAS is not an expected association with blinatumomab, the risk for CRS is. Secondary MAS in this case likely shares a mechanism with other hyperinflammatory conditions. Management includes holding the offending agent, like blinatumomab, and administering tocilizumab and dexamethasone. Future research will be needed to predict which patients are at highest risk to develop MAS after similar T-cell therapies.
Integrated approach for estimating the alteration in the CO 2 sink capacity of an inland waterbody due to climate change - Case study: Wadi El-Rayan Lakes, Egypt
Authors: Khalil Hanady H. , Abdrabo Mohamed A. , Hassaan Mahmoud A. , Elshemy Mohamed M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

An essential regulatory ecosystem function of inland Lakes is their ability to dissolve atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), therefore, they serve as CO2 sinks. Wadi El-Rayan Lakes are two lakes (Upper and Lower) in Fayoum, Egypt at different levels in respect to mean sea level (MSL) and are connected through a waterfall. Their CO2 sink capacity depends on their water temperature and salinity as well as their water volume which are all highly sensitive to climate conditions. Consequently, any slight change in climate conditions would affect their CO2 sink capacities. This paper aims to quantitatively estimate the change in the CO2 sink capacity of Wadi El-Rayan Lakes under climate change scenarios. For the purpose, an integrated approach is developed assimilating CO2 solubility model, hydrodynamic simulation and geographical information systems (GIS). According to the developed approach, CO2 solubility under variable temperature and salinity is mathematically modelled and this model is further used with hydrodynamically simulated data for Wadi El-Rayan Lakes' temperature, salinity and water depth to estimate their CO2 sink capacities. CO2 sink capacity is estimated for 2014 and 2050 under two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 2.6 and 8.5. Afterwards, the alteration in CO2 sink capacities due to climate change is determined. The results revealed that by 2050, the lakes would lose about 23–25% of their capacities compared to that of 2014 according to RCP 2.6 and 8.5, respectively.
Scintillator–single-photon avalanche diode array-based energy resolving photon counting X-ray detector
Authors: Shimazoe Kenji , Kim Donghwan , Hamdan Moh , Kamada Kei , Yoshino Masao , Shoji Yasuhiro , Sakamoto Kyohei , Acerbi Fabio , Gola Alberto 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

X-ray photon counting computed tomography (PCCT) has garnered considerable interest owing to its low dose administration, high-quality imaging, and material decomposition characteristics. Current commercial PCCT systems employ compound semiconductor photon counting X-ray detectors, which offer good energy resolution. However, the choice of materials is limited, and cadmium telluride or cadmium zinc telluride is mostly used. Although indirect radiation detectors can be used as alternatives to compound semiconductor detectors, implementing fine-pitch segmentation in such detectors is challenging. In the present study, we designed an indirect fine-pitch X-ray photon counting detector by combining miniaturized silicon photomultiplier arrays and fast scintillation crystals, with a pixel size of 250 µm, for PCCT. Performance characterization of the fabricated detector reveals its potential to discriminate photon energies with a reasonable resolution, good spatial resolution, charge-sharing inhibition ability.