bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validity of sonographic prediction of fetal weight and weight discordance in twin pregnancies
Authors: Diaz‐Garcia C. , Bernard J. P. , Ville Y. , Salomon L. J. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjectivesThe aims of this study were (1) to assess the accuracy of estimated fetal weight (EFW) in twins and (2) to assess the accuracy of sonographic examination to predict birth weight discordance (BWD).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed collected data on twin pregnancies between 2004 and 2007. All twin pregnancies with at least one ultrasound (US) examination within 15 days of delivery were included in this study. EFW was calculated according to Hadlock1, Hadlock2, Ong, Shepard and Warsof formulas. Mean and SD of the standardized errors and percentage of newborns with birth weight (BW) within 10% of EFW were calculated.ResultsTwo hundred eighty‐three twin pregnancies were included. Mean and SD (%) of the standardized errors were 1.54 ± 12.19, 0.19 ± 11.87, 10.93 ± 15.55, − 1.91 ± 14.93 and 5.37 ± 14.91 for Hadlock1, Hadlock2, Shepard, Ong and Warsof formulas, respectively. Hadlock2's formula allowed for the highest proportion of newborns with BW within 10% of EFW and it also performed best to predict discordance of more than 25% as assessed by area under the ROC curve.ConclusionsSonographic prediction of inter‐twin BWD within 15 days of delivery seems to be accurate enough for routine clinical use. Performance and predictive values depend on the threshold chosen to define EFW and BW discordance. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Increased risk of abdominal wall hernia associated with combination anti‐retroviral therapy in HIV‐infected patients—results from a Swedish cohort‐study
Authors: Sundström Anders , Mortimer Örjan , Åkerlund Börje , Karlsson Anders , Flamholc Leo , Håkangård Camilla , Granholm Helena , Persson Ingemar , Morfeldt Linda 
Published: February 2010

AbstractPurposeTo determine if anti‐retroviral therapy (ART) in HIV‐infected patients is associated with an increased risk for development of abdominal wall hernia.MethodsA cohort study of 1072 HIV‐infected patients in Sweden. Information was collected by questionnaires to patients and treating physicians, chart reviews by study physicians and regular blood tests for metabolic disorders. Adjusted relative risks were estimated by Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsSixty‐three patients (5.9%) developed abdominal wall hernia during the study period, 34 inguinal and 29 midline. Compared to the male general population, inguinal hernia was twice as common in the male study population, standardized incidence ratio (SIR) 2.0 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4–2.8). An increased incidence rate of abdominal wall hernia was found in patients exposed to ART, 11.3 per 1000 person‐years (PY) compared with therapy naïves, 2.1 per 1000 PY. When adjusting for confounding risk‐factors, ART containing protease inhibitors (PIs) during the 2nd and 3rd year of treatment was associated with the development of midline hernia with a hazard ratio (HR) of 10.7 (95%CI 1.3–85.7), and of inguinal hernia with an HR of 4.4 (95%CI 1.1–16.6). Other independent risk factors were age and diabetes/impaired fasting glucose for midline hernia, and age and a previous diagnosis of AIDS for inguinal hernia.ConclusionsWe found an increased risk of developing abdominal wall hernia associated with PI‐containing ART. The size of the study‐population did not permit any conclusions regarding non‐PI‐containing ART. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of plasma treatment and electron beam radiations on the strength of nanofilled adhesive‐bonded joints
Authors: Iqbal H.M.S. , Bhowmik S. , Poulis J.A. , Benedictus R. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThis investigation highlights the adhesion performance of carbon fiber‐ and glass fiber‐reinforced polyphenylene sulfide when joined by high‐performance neat epoxy adhesive and nanofilled epoxy adhesive. A significant increase in the surface energy of these materials is observed after the surface modification with atmospheric plasma treatment. An increase in surface roughness is observed after exposing the surface to plasma. Lap shear testing of untreated and plasma‐treated joints is carried out to correlate the improvement in adhesion properties with the joint strength. A considerable increase in joint strength is observed when the surfaces of these materials are modified by atmospheric pressure plasma. There is a further increase in joint strength when the composites are joined by nanofilled epoxy adhesive, and subsequent exposure to electron beam radiations results in minor increase in the joint strength. Finally, the fractured surfaces of the joints are examined and the analysis is performed. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 50:1505–1511, 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
Modeling and prediction of morphology and crystallinity for cylindrical‐shaped crystals during polymer processing
Authors: Zhou Ying‐Guo , Turng Lih‐Sheng , Shen Chang‐Yu 
Published: February 2010

AbstractTo describe and predict the crystallization and morphology evolution of semicrystalline polymers, the shape of crystals is often modeled as spheres and/or cylinders. The Kolmogoroff–Avrami model, which is often used to model the crystallinity and spherulite growth of polymer materials under isothermal and nonisothermal conditions, has shortcomings in dealing with conditions when spherulites and cylindrical crystals form simultaneously. This study adopted the Monte Carlo method, a method based on the random theory, to model and predict the morphological evolution of crystallization and the degree of crystallinity for polymers that exhibit concurrently growing spherulites and cylindrical crystals. A case study on predicting the morphology and crystallinity of a solidifying polymer melt with the memory effect (self‐seeding) from prior stretching is presented. The effectiveness of this Monte Carlo approach vs. the original Kolmogoroff–Avrami model was demonstrated when compared with experimental results. In addition, for the ideal cylindrical growth of crystals, a modified Kolmogoroff–Avrami model based on the Monte Carlo method solutions is proposed to predict the crystallinity without intensive computation. The results showed that the modified expression performs better than the original Avrami prediction. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
Charge density wave in Sr14−xCaxCu24O41
Authors: Wohlfeld Krzysztof , Oleś Andrzej M. , Sawatzky George A. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractRecent experimental results 1,2 revealed the stability of a peculiar charge density wave (CDW) with odd period (λ = 3,5) in the coupled Cu2O5 spin ladders in Sr14−xCaxCu24O41, while the CDW with even period is unstable. Here we resolve this contradiction by solving the effective t−J model for the two coupled chains supplemented by the intersite interaction term V.Crucial to this finding is the novel interaction term V (responsible for the interladder repulsion between nearest neighbor holes), which is derived from the on‐site Hubbard‐like repulsion between electrons on the same oxygen sites but within two distinct orbitals which belong to two neighboring Cu2O5 ladders in the charge transfer model 3.
CeCu3Al2: Incoherent Kondo, or non‐Fermi liquid?
Authors: Strydom A. M. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractCeCu5 is a Kondo lattice in which antiferromagnetic ordering occurs at 3.9 K. Substituting Cu with Al to achieve CeCu3Al2 results in amplifying the Kondo interaction through addition of conduction electrons, and simultaneously driving the magnetic order down to beyond detection. We present results of specific heat and electrical resistivity that argue for the existence of non‐Fermi‐liquid behavior founded in a magnetic quantum critical point in CeCu3Al2.
Effect of deviation from the mid‐sagittal plane on the measurement of fetal nuchal translucency
Authors: Abele H. , Wagner N. , Hoopmann M. , Grischke E.‐M. , Wallwiener D. , Kagan K. O. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjectiveScreening for trisomy 21 by fetal nuchal translucency (NT) thickness at 11 to 13 + 6 weeks' gestation requires an appropriate examination of the NT. Errors in the assessment of NT may lead to an under‐ or overestimation of the NT and to incorrect patient‐specific risks. In this study we aimed to examine the importance of the mid‐sagittal section and whether the acquired plane of the head and face influences the measurement of the fetal NT thickness.MethodsSixty three‐dimensional volumes of the fetal head and face in a mid‐sagittal plane were acquired. NT thickness was firstly measured in the mid‐sagittal plane according to the guidelines of The Fetal Medicine Foundation. The head was then rotated by steps of 5° up to 25° around the mid‐point of the biparietal diameter and occipitofrontal diameter and NT was measured again. All six NT measurements were taken by the same operator, Operator A, who on completion of the assessment of the 60 volumes repeated all the measurements. The whole process was then repeated by Operator B. Both operators were blinded to each others' measurements.ResultsIn the true mid‐sagittal plane, the mean NT was 1.9 mm and it was above the expected median in 72.5% of the measurements. At a deviation of 15°, mean NT was 1.5 mm, and 36.3% of the measurements were above the expected median. At a deviation of 25°, mean NT was reduced to 1.3 mm and 17.9% of the measurements were above the expected median.ConclusionFetal NT thickness is greatest in the mid‐sagittal plane. Increasing deviation away from the mid‐sagittal plane results in progressive underestimation of the fetal NT thickness and so to a corresponding underestimation of the patient‐specific risk. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fetal biometry by an inexperienced operator using two‐ and three‐dimensional ultrasound
Authors: Yang F. , Leung K. Y. , Lee Y. P. , Chan H. Y. , Tang M. H. Y. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the reproducibility, accuracy and time required for fetal biometric measurements using two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) ultrasonography by an inexperienced operator.MethodsFifty consecutive fetuses were evaluated at a gestational age of 17–34 weeks. For every fetus measurements—including biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC) and femur length (FL)—were made by an inexperienced operator using 2D ultrasound and then saved 3D volumes. As a control, measurements were also made by an experienced operator using 2D ultrasonography alone. Each fetal biometric parameter was measured twice by each operator. All images were assessed by two experienced reviewers, blinded to the operator's identity, using a scoring system based on objective evaluation criteria.ResultsThe interobserver, intraobserver and inter‐ method variability for 2D ultrasonography by the experienced operator (2D‐exp), and 2D and 3D ultrasonography by the inexperienced operator (2D‐inexp and 3D‐inexp) was small (all intraclass correlation coefficients ≥ 0.991). A non‐significantly higher proportion of fetal biometric measurements by 3D‐inexp than 2D‐inexp were within 1 mm of the measurements by 2D‐exp. There were no differences in the mean image quality scores of fetal biometry between 2D‐exp and 2D‐inexp, 2D‐exp and 3D‐inexp. However, the quality score of AC images obtained by 3D‐inexp was greater than that obtained by 2D‐inexp (5.5 vs. 5.3, P = 0.018). The mean time required to measure BPD, HC, AC and FL was less for 3D‐inexp than for 2D‐inexp (67.2 vs. 97.0 s, 64.6 vs. 97.0 s, 60.1 vs. 81.5 s and 65.5 vs. 95.1 s, respectively; all P < 0.001), but was significantly greater than for 2D‐exp, with corresponding figures of 24.3, 24.3, 27.9 and 27.2 s.ConclusionFetal biometric measurements obtained by an inexperienced operator using both 2D and 3D ultrasound were reproducible and showed good agreement with those obtained by an experienced operator. The use of 3D ultrasound by an inexperienced operator allows faster measurements to be made than by 2D ultrasound and also seems to facilitate the acquisition of higher‐quality images for measurement of AC. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Decision/action, philosophical issues about
Authors: Mele Alfred R. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAre conscious decisions or intentions ever among the causes of corresponding intentional actions? This article provides conceptual background for an examination of this question, including a discussion of the nature of decisions, intentions, and actions and a sketch of a model of conscious deciding. It also examines evidence that conscious decisions and intentions sometimes play a role in producing corresponding actions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.This article is categorized under:Philosophy > Action
Infant memory
Authors: Bauer Patricia J. , San Souci Priscilla , Pathman Thanujeni 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThis article provides an overview of developments in long‐term memory during the first 2 years of life. Results from three of the most commonly used techniques to assess remembering in preverbal infants—visual paired comparison and visual habituation, conjugate reinforcement, and elicited and deferred imitation—are described. They illustrate infants' ability to encode and retain information as well as the rapid improvements in memory in infancy. A distinction between types or forms of memory is provided in the service of considering how infant memory abilities relate to memory development in early childhood. The review also features discussion of the likely sources of age‐related changes in memory in infancy, including the basic processes of memory trace formation and developments in the neural substrate that subserve them. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.This article is categorized under:Psychology > MemoryNeuroscience > Development
Meta‐analysis of neuroimaging data
Authors: Kober Hedy , Wager Tor D. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAs the number of neuroimaging studies that investigate psychological phenomena grows, it becomes increasingly difficult to integrate the knowledge that has accrued across studies. Meta‐analyses are designed to serve this purpose, as they allow the synthesis of findings not only across studies but also across laboratories and task variants. Meta‐analyses are uniquely suited to answer questions about whether brain regions or networks are consistently associated with particular psychological domains, including broad categories such as working memory or more specific categories such as conditioned fear. Meta‐analysis can also address questions of specificity, which pertains to whether activation of regions or networks is unique to a particular psychological domain, or is a feature of multiple types of tasks. This review discusses several techniques that have been used to test consistency and specificity in published neuroimaging data, including the kernel density analysis (KDA), activation likelihood estimate (ALE), and the recently developed multilevel kernel density analysis (MKDA). We discuss these techniques in light of current and future directions in the field. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.This article is categorized under:

Neuroscience > Cognition
[3+2] Cycloadditions of Metallo Nitrile Ylides and Metallo Nitrile Imines with Metal Carbonyl, Thiocarbonyl, and Isocyanide Complexes: Heterodimetallic Systems with Bridging Heterocycles [1]
Authors: Schoder Friedrich , Plaia Ulrike , Metzner Robert , Sperber Wilfried , Beck Wolfgang , Fehlhammer Wolf Peter 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe reactions of [Re(CO)6]+, [FeCp(CO)2CS]+ and [FeCp(CNPh)3]+ with the metallo nitrile ylides [M–{C+=N–C–(H)CO2Et}(CO)5]– (M = Cr, W) and the chromio nitrile imine [Cr–{C+=N–N–H}(CO)5]– (generated by mono‐α‐deprotonation of the parent isocyanide complexes) to give neutral 5‐metallated 1,3‐oxazolin‐ (1), 1,3‐thiazolin‐ (2), imidazolin‐ (3, 4), 1,3,4‐oxdiazolin‐ (5), 1,3,4‐thiadiazolin‐ (6) and 1,3,4‐triazolin‐2‐ylidene (8) chromium and tungsten complexes represent the first all‐organometallic versions of Huisgen’s 1,3‐dipolar cycloadditions. The formation of 6 and 8 is accompanied by partial decomposition to (OC)5Cr–C≡N–FeCpL2 {L = CO (7), CNPh (9)}. The structures of 4a and 5 have been characterized by X‐ray diffraction.
Reaktionen der Digalliumverbindung R2Ga–GaR2 [R = CH(SiMe3)2] mit Wasser und Carbonsäuren – Synthese von μ‐Hydroxo‐μ‐carboxylatodigallium‐Verbindungen unter Erhalt der Ga–Ga‐Bindungen
Authors: Uhl Werner , Bock Henrik R. , Hepp Alexander , Rogel Friedhelm , Voß Matthias 
Published: February 2010

AbstractTreatment of the digallium compound R2Ga–GaR2 [1, R = CH(SiMe3)2] with a broad variety of functionalized carboxylic acids in the presence of water yielded μ‐hydroxo‐μ‐carboxylatodigallium compounds (2–10) containing intact Ga–Ga bonds in high to moderate yields. The compounds form dimeric formula units in which the unsupported Ga–Ga bonds are bridged by two hydroxo and two carboxylato ligands. Each gallium atom is terminally coordinated by a bulky alkyl group. NMR spectroscopy revealed mixtures of two isomeric compounds in solution in all cases. The second component may show a different bridging mode with each Ga–Ga bond bridged by a bidentate carboxylato ligand to form Ga2O2C five‐membered heterocycles.
Current State of Gastric Stump Carcinoma in Japan: Based on the Results of a Nationwide Survey
Authors: Tanigawa Nobuhiko , Nomura Eiji , Lee Sang‐Woong , Kaminishi Michio , Sugiyama Mitsugu , Aikou Takashi , Kitajima Masaki ,   The Society for the Study of Postoperative Morbidity after Gastrectomy
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackgroundCarcinoma of the gastric remnant after partial gastrectomy for benign disease or cancer is unusual but an important cancer model. The Japanese Society for the Study of Postoperative Morbidity after Gastrectomy (JSSPMG) performed a nationwide questionnaire survey to understand the current state of gastric stump carcinoma in Japan.MethodsIn the questionnaire survey of November 2008, gastric stump carcinoma was defined as an adenocarcinoma of the stomach occurring 10 years or more after Billroth I or Billroth II gastrectomy for benign condition or cancer disease. The survey was conducted at the request of reports on five or more patients with gastric stump carcinoma for each institution. Items for the survey included gender, age, methods of reconstruction in an original gastrectomy, original diseases, time interval between original gastrectomy and first detection of stump carcinomas, locations of stump carcinomas, tumor histology, tumor depth, and extent of lymph node metastasis. The questionnaire was sent to 163 surgical institutions in the JSSPMG.ResultsNinety‐five institutions (58.3%) responded to the survey, and the data of 887 patients satisfied the required conditions for the survey. A total of 887 patients were composed of 368 patients who received Billroth I distal gastrectomy and 519 who received Billroth II. The Billroth II group has a significantly higher number of original benign lesions than the Billroth I group (P < 0.001). This study confirmed the following issues: (1) The remnant stomach after gastrectomy for cancer disease had a higher prevalence to develop stump carcinomas occurring in a shorter time interval since original gastrectomy; (2) Patients with Billroth II gastrectomy had stump carcinomas most frequently in the anastomotic area, but not in the non‐stump area as in Billroth I gastrectomy; (3) Tumor histology of 72.4% of 304 stump carcinomas at an early stage was intestinal type adenocarcinoma, i.e., well or moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, whereas it decreased to 42.2% at the locally advanced stage of 521 stump carcinomas (P = 0.0015), suggesting that stump carcinoma mostly may develop from intestinal type and change to diffuse type during the evolution to advanced stage cancers.ConclusionsThis large series of surveys suggest that there are two distinct biological plausibilities in the development of gastric stump carcinoma: (1) it develops in a shorter time interval of 10 years or less since the original gastrectomy, may come from a higher risk of gastric mucosa after gastrectomy for cancer diseases that highly predisposes to cancer, and (2) it develops during a longer time interval of 20 years or more, may come from gastrectomy‐relating mechanisms after gastrectomy for original benign diseases.
R&D challenges and solutions for mobile cyber-physical applications and supporting Internet services
Authors: White Jules , Clarke Siobhan , Groba Christin , Dougherty Brian , Thompson Chris , Schmidt Douglas C. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe powerful processors and variety of sensors in new and planned mobile Internet devices, such as Apple’s iPhone and Android-based smartphones, can be leveraged to build cyber-physical applications that collect sensor data from the real world and communicate it back to Internet services for processing and aggregation. This article presents key R&D challenges facing developers of mobile cyber-physical applications that integrate with Internet services and summarizes emerging solutions to address these challenges. For example, application software should be architected to conserve power, which motivates R&D on tools that can predict the power consumption characteristics of mobile software architectures. Other R&D challenges involve the relative paucity of work on software and sensor data collection architectures that cater to the powerful capabilities and cyber-physical aspects of mobile Internet devices, which motivates R&D on architectures tailored to the latest mobile Internet devices.
Beneficial effects of dietary restriction in type 2 diabetic rats: the role of adipokines on inflammation and insulin resistance
Authors: Crisóstomo Joana , Rodrigues Lisa , Matafome Paulo , Amaral Carmen , Nunes Elsa , Louro Teresa , Monteiro Pedro , Seiça Raquel 
Published: February 2010

Inflammation plays an important role in diabetes mellitus and its complications. In this context, the negative cross-talk between adipose tissue and skeletal muscle leads to disturbances in muscle cell insulin signalling and induces insulin resistance. Because several studies have shown that energy restriction brings some benefits to diabetes, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of dietary restriction on systemic and skeletal muscle inflammatory biomarkers, such C-reactive protein, adipokines and cytokines, and in insulin resistance in Goto-Kakizaki rats. This is an animal model of spontaneous non-obese type 2 diabetes with strongly insulin resistance and without dyslipidaemia. Animals were maintained during 2 months of dietary restriction (50 %) and were killed at 6 months of age. Some biochemical determinations were done using ELISA and Western blot. Data from the present study demonstrate that in Goto-Kakizaki rats the dietary restriction improved insulin resistance, NEFA levels and adipokine profile and ameliorated inflammatory cytokines in skeletal muscle. These results indicate that dietary restriction in type 2 diabetes enhances adipose tissue metabolism leading to an improved skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity.