bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anoikis: an emerging hallmark in health and diseases
Authors: Taddei ML , Giannoni E , Fiaschi T , Chiarugi P 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAnoikis is a programmed cell death occurring upon cell detachment from the correct extracellular matrix, thus disrupting integrin ligation. It is a critical mechanism in preventing dysplastic cell growth or attachment to an inappropriate matrix. Anoikis prevents detached epithelial cells from colonizing elsewhere and is thus essential for tissue homeostasis and development. As anchorage‐independent growth and epithelial–mesenchymal transition, two features associated with anoikis resistance, are crucial steps during tumour progression and metastatic spreading of cancer cells, anoikis deregulation has now evoked particular attention from the scientific community. The aim of this review is to analyse the molecular mechanisms governing both anoikis and anoikis resistance, focusing on their regulation in physiological processes, as well as in several diseases, including metastatic cancers, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Copyright © 2011 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Screening and Determination for Potential α‐Glucosidase Inhibitors from Leaves of Acanthopanax senticosus Harms by Using UF‐LC/MS and ESI‐MSn
Authors: Zhou Hui , Xing Junpeng , Liu Shu , Song Fengrui , Cai Zongwei , Pi Zifeng , Liu Zhiqiang , Liu Shuying 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTIntroductionAcanthopanax senticosus Harms is a typical Chinese herb with flavonoids existing in all parts of the plant but with the largest content in leaves. However, leaves have been neglected in past research. To investigate the potential use of leaves of A. senticosus Harms for discovering lead compounds to treat type 2 diabetes, the herb leaves were selected for screening the potential of α‐glucosidase inhibitors.ObjectiveTo screen for candidates of α‐glucosidase inhibitors from leaves of A. senticosus Harms and evaluate the structure–activity relationship of the α‐glucosidase inhibitors.MethodologyUltrafiltration liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (UF‐LC/MS) assay was developed for screening candidates of α‐glucosidase inhibitors from leaves of A. senticosus Harms. The interesting compounds were identified by using reversed‐phase high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector and electrospray ionisation multiple‐stage tandem mass spectrometry (RP‐HPLC‐DAD‐ESI‐MSn), and confirmed by using electrospray ionisation Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance multiple‐stage tandem mass spectrometry (ESI‐FT‐ICR‐MSn). Furthermore, the α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity of the compounds detected was estimated using in vitro assays.ResultsEight compounds that might bind to α‐glucosidase were screened and seven of them were identified successfully. The α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity of the related compounds in leaves of A. senticosus Harms was determined.ConclusionThe results obtained provided new information for the discovery of potential α‐glucosidase inhibitors and the potential anti‐diabetic application of the leaves of A. senticosus Harms. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evolving practicum issues in school psychology preparation
Authors: Li Chieh , Fiorello Catherine A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPracticum experiences have been a critical aspect of the education and training of school psychologists at both the specialist and doctoral level. At the specialist level, the National Association of School Psychologists recently updated their standards for practicum, but the content, quality, and length of practicum vary tremendously across training programs. At the doctoral level, recent guidelines from the Association of State and Provincial Psychology Boards allow for the emerging option to include practicum experience together with internship toward licensure requirements. However, this raises a number of questions unique to the context of school psychology training, including what hours and activities count, appropriate credentials for supervisors, appropriate sites for practicum experiences, what competencies are to be gained, and how to assess those competencies. The Council of Directors of School Psychology Programs has organized a task force to address issues of competencies and supervision in practicum experiences to inform recommendations and regulations regarding practicum experiences. This article summarizes the nature and context of these issues, and makes recommendations for school psychology training programs, national professional organizations, and credentialing organizations. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Metabolomic analysis of a synthetic metabolic switch inStreptomyces coelicolorA3(2)
Authors: Jankevics Andris , Merlo M. Elena , de Vries Marcel , Vonk Roel J. , Takano Eriko , Breitling Rainer 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe global analysis of metabolism by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry is often hampered by a large amount of biological and technical variability. Here, we introduce an experimental and analytical strategy that can produce robust metabolome profiles in the face of this challenge. By applying a new computational approach based on concordance analysis to an extremely large number of analytical replicates, we are able to show that the overexpression of an antisense non‐coding RNA targeting glutamine synthetase I results in a major reorganization of the metabolism ofStreptomyces coelicolor, the model species of antibiotic‐producing bacteria. We identified 97 metabolites with statistically significant reproducible dynamic behavior across the time series. The observed metabolic changes are very rapid, specific and widespread across metabolism, but focus on the nitrogen assimilation pathways. Our results demonstrate the power of highly replicated experimental designs for the robust characterization of metabolite dynamics. The identified global rearrangement of metabolism suggests the usefulness of RNA interference as an efficient strategy to manipulate the physiology of bacteria with wider biotechnological applicability in microorganisms.
Ionic liquid functionalized polylactide by cationic polymerization: Synthesis and stabilization of carbon nanotube suspensions
Authors: Biedroń Tadeusz , Pietrzak Łukasz , Kubisa Przemysław 
Published: September 2011

AbstractMedium molecular weight poly(L,L‐lactide)s (PLA) containing at one chain end ionic group derived from imidazolium ionic liquid (IL) were synthesized by cationic polymerization using hydroxylated IL as initiator. matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight analysis confirmed the structure of products (PLA‐IL). Carbon nanotubes (CNT) were dispersed in solution of PLA‐IL in 1,4‐dioxane and significant improvement of stability of suspension was observed by measurements of suspension absorbance. Similar effect was, however, observed also for solutions of PLA which did not contain terminal IL group. CNT samples treated with PLA‐IL and PLA were isolated, thoroughly washed with 1,4‐dioxane and stability of suspensions was again measured. Sample treated with PLA after washing behave similarly to untreated CNT. Stability of suspension of CNT treated with PLA‐IL after washing was considerably higher than that of untreated CNT and the presence of polymer bound to CNT was clearly detectable in scanning electron microscopy images. Results indicate that there is indeed an interaction between end‐group derived from IL and CNT surface as postulated earlier but to observe solely this effect an excess of polymer should be removed, otherwise factors such as increase of viscosity of solution or weak interactions of PLA ester groups with CNT may obscure results. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
Single‐chain nanoparticles with well‐defined structure via intramolecular crosslinking of linear polymers with pendant benzoxazine groups
Authors: Wang Peng , Pu Hongting , Jin Ming 
Published: September 2011

AbstractControlled intramolecular collapse of linear polymer chains with crosslinkable groups is an efficient way to prepare single‐chain nanoparticles in the size range of 5–20 nm. However, the nature of the crosslinking group is critical. In present study, poly(styrene‐co‐chloromethyl styrene) [P(St‐co‐CMS)] was synthesized via reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and then was converted into polystyrene azide (PSN3). Polystyrene containing benzoxazine side groups [P(St‐co‐BS)], which can be used as the precusor for the later intramolecular collapse, was obtained from PSN3 and 3‐(4‐(prop‐2‐ynyloxy)phenyl)‐3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐benzo[e][1,3]oxazine (P‐APPE) via the method of click chemistry. The sub‐20 nm polymeric nanoparticles with well‐defined structure via thermally intramolecular crosslinking of P(St‐co‐BS) were prepared. The structure change from the linear polymers to the single‐chain nanoparticles was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The morphology and the dimension of the nanoparticles were characterized by using transmission electron microscope (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), as well as dynamic light scattering (DLS). The results reveal that the size of the nanoparticles can be regulated by changing the molecular weight of the precursors and the amount of pendant benzoxazine groups by the use of controlled polymerization techniques. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
Persistent impact of illness on families of adult survivors of childhood central nervous system tumors: a population‐based cohort study
Authors: Hovén Emma I. , Lannering Birgitta , Gustafsson Göran , Boman Krister K. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to determine the long‐term impact on families of adult survivors of childhood central nervous system tumors. Illness‐related family consequences were studied in relation to modifying determinants.MethodsIn a population‐based cohort of parents of 697 survivors 18 years and older, 551 parents provided data. The impact of cancer on the families was evaluated in four domains using the Impact on Family Scale (economic situation, personal burden, social life, sibling impact). The results were analyzed in relation to survivors' health assessed using the Health Utilities Index™, parent satisfaction with information about illness and treatment, and perceived health‐care needs of their child.ResultsDespite an established mild‐to‐moderate impact on the group level, outcomes provided evidence of substantial cancer‐related family consequences even once the child had reached adulthood. About one fifth of parents reported psychological and financial difficulties exceeding the cutoff limit for a significant impact still ≥5 years after diagnosis. A stronger total family impact was associated with poorer health of survivors (F[3,302] = 56.65, p < 0.001), and unmet informational ‐ (F[3,231] = 14.06, p < 0.001) and health‐care needs (t218 = 5.31, p < 0.001). The impact was unrelated to survivors' age at follow‐up and time since diagnosis.ConclusionsAdverse cancer‐related consequences affect a considerable portion of families of childhood survivors of central nervous system tumor, even after reaching adulthood. The impact is aggravated by lasting sequelae and perceived shortcomings of long‐term follow‐up, factors that partly are avoidable. Improved clinical follow‐up should particularly address illness information and long‐term health‐care needs to reduce the impact on families of survivors suffering from chronic health conditions.Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A method for isolation and identification of urinary biomarkers in patients with diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Fisher Wayne G. , Lucas Jessica E. , Mehdi Uzma F. , Qunibi Danna W. , Garner Harold R. , Rosenblatt Kevin P. , Toto Robert D. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPurpose: The poor performance of current tests for predicting the onset, progression and treatment response of diabetic nephropathy has engendered a search for more sensitive and specific urinary biomarkers. Our goal was to develop a new method for protein biomarker discovery in urine from these patients.Experimental design: We analyzed urine from normal subjects and patients with early and advanced nephropathy. Proteins were separated using a novel analysis process including immunodepletion of high‐abundance proteins followed by two‐stage LC fractionation of low‐abundance proteins. The proteins in the fractions were sequenced using MS/MS.Results: Immunodepletion of selected high‐abundance proteins followed by two‐stage LC produced approximately 700 fractions, each less complex and more amenable to analysis than the mixture and requiring minimal processing for MS identification. Comparison of fractions between normal and diabetic nephropathy subjects revealed several low‐abundance proteins that reproducibly distinguished low glomerular filtration rate (GFR) from both high GFR diabetic and normal subjects, including uteroglobin, a protein previously associated with renal scarring.Conclusions and clinical relevance: We developed a novel method to identify low‐abundance urinary proteins that enables the discovery of potential biomarkers to improve the diagnosis and management of patients with diabetic nephropathy.
Deposition of nanocrystalline diamond films on temperature sensitive substrates for infrared reflectance spectroscopy
Authors: Babchenko Oleg , Remes Zdenek , Izak Tibor , Rezek Bohuslav , Kromka Alexander 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe report on the deposition of nanocrystalline diamond films onto protected aluminum/pyrex glass mirrors in focused or linear antenna microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition systems. Quality of the diamond films is characterized by Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and optical images. The best material quality and coating uniformity is achieved in the linear antenna system. Infrared reflectance spectroscopy reveals enhanced reflection from the substrates prepared in the linear antenna system compared to diamond coatings prepared in common focused plasma system on protected aluminium/pyrex glass mirrors as well as on polished Si wafers. Linear antenna system diamond coatings are thus the most promising for spectroscopic characterization of molecular grafting to diamond.
High performance thin‐film transistors using moderately aligned semiconducting single‐wall carbon nanotubes
Authors: Fujii Shunjiro , Tanaka Takeshi , Nishiyama Satoko , Kataura Hiromichi 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThin‐film transistors (TFTs) using aligned network of semiconductor‐enriched single‐wall carbon nanotubes (s‐SWCNTs) were fabricated on a SiO2/Si substrate. The aligned thin film was prepared by N2 blow in the drying process using as separated s‐SWCNT solution prepared by the agarose gel chromatography. We demonstrated that TFT using a moderately aligned s‐SWCNT thin film shows drastically improved transfer characteristics. The TFT simultaneously showed a mobility of 19.6 cm2/(V · s) and an on/off ratio of 1.7 × 105, although the purity of semiconductor used in this work was not higher than 90%. Because the alignment process is very easy and effective, it is expected that moderately aligned s‐SWCNT film could be used to practical circuits made of s‐SWCNT TFTs.
Simulation for Transport Pallet Cost Reduction in Pet Food Manufacturing: An Empirical Case Study
Authors: Doungpattra N. , Jarupan L. , Ongkunaruk P. 
Published: September 2011

SUMMARYThis study examined different managerial scenarios for the cost reduction of transport pallets rented by a pet food manufacturer that produces pet food sold in local and international markets. A computer simulation model was developed on the basis of the empirical case to analyse the flow of pallets from the factory, the subcontractors and the distribution centre and to determine the system performance measures in terms of the average waiting times and the number of pallets in queues. The analysis showed that problems occurred when slow‐moving products occupied the rental pallets for a long time and because too much inventory was kept at the distribution centre. Two managerial scenarios were then proposed to alleviate these problems, involving pallet movement decisions by internal management. The results suggested a choice of decision supports to determine which managerial scenario was suitable for the business. The proposed implications may be beneficial to similar industries where a supply system of rental pallet service is applied. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Magnetosomes on surface: an imaging study approach
Authors: Gojzewski Hubert , Makowski Marcin , Hashim Anezka , Kopcansky Peter , Tomori Zoltan , Timko Milan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn this study, we deposited isolated magnetosomes from magnetotactic bacteria Magnetospirillum strain AMB‐1 onto solid surfaces using spin coating (SC) and drop coating (DC) techniques. Four imaging techniques have been used to visualize the sample structure: scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM, TEM), atomic and magnetic force microscopy (AFM, MFM). Additionally, dynamic light scattering was applied to measure the hydrodynamic radius of agglomerated/aggregated magnetosomes in a liquid environment. This manuscript discusses observed differences between structures obtained by two deposition techniques, i.e. possible interactions and factors responsible for magnetosomes' formation, their morphology on surfaces as a result of agglomeration and aggregation phenomena. Moreover, topography and homogeneity of obtained structures as well as thickness of protein‐based membrane were also examined and described. Using high‐resolution TEM, we analyzed the size of magnetic cores, their crystal structure and quality. We found that the SC technique provides a homogenous layer of magnetosomes and hydrophilization of silicon surfaces improves the deposition of magnetosomes. However, due to strong hydrogen interaction to the hydrophilic silicone surface, the organic membrane of magnetosomes is mostly flattened. As a matter of fact, the size distributions of magnetosomes deposited by SC and DC techniques (logarithmic‐normal tendency) differ from the Feret diameter distribution (normal). Furthermore, our study confirms the good crystalline quality of magnetosomes' cores. It also shows that they are magnetic in the all their volume. SCANNING 34: 159–169, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sustainability Assessment in the Construction Sector: Rating Systems and Rated Buildings
Authors: Berardi Umberto 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTThe increasing attention to sustainability is pushing the construction sector to build more sustainable buildings. In this scenario, several sustainable development indicators have been proposed. The worldwide diffusion of sustainability rating systems and that of their structures are considered as proxy variables for the evaluation of sustainable constructions. Available rating systems span from energy consumption evaluation systems to life cycle analysis and total quality assessment systems. In these last systems, a multi‐dimensional approach is proposed, as several building ratings are evaluated separately before being considered together. The description of assessment results from a sample of 490 buildings provides data to discuss construction characteristics that, currently, aim at being defined as sustainable. The paper shows that building energy performance is considered the most important criterion in sustainability rating systems, and the least achieved one in sustainability assessments. In contrast, other performance ratings of the building, such as water efficiency or indoor air quality, are achieved with a high rate of success in sustainability assessments. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
How potential knowledge spillovers between venture capitalists' entrepreneurial projects affect the specialization and diversification of VC funds when VC effort has value
Authors: Kang Hyoung‐Goo , Burton Richard M. , Mitchell Will 
Published: September 2011

AbstractResearch concerning diversification and specialization of venture capital funds typically does not consider how a VC's effort might influence performance of different portfolios. We develop a model that analyzes VC effort when there is the potential for cross‐sectional and/or serial knowledge spillover among projects. The model generates two implications concerning VC effort and performance. First, VC post‐investment effort is a nonmonotonic function of performance shocks, especially for diversified VCs. Second, greater cross‐sectional and serial knowledge spillovers improve the performance of specialization relative to diversification, and shape how the number of decision stages in a project affects portfolio choice. Copyright © 2011 Strategic Management Society.
Age matters: how demographics influence aggregate entrepreneurship
Authors: Lévesque Moren , Minniti Maria 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe age distribution of a population may influence aggregate entrepreneurship and economic growth. Because of rigidities in the mobility of resources and the substitutability of employment across age groups, countries whose populations are excessively skewed toward old or young cohorts may experience low levels of entrepreneurial activity. We develop a model characterizing the conditions sufficient for aggregate entrepreneurship to decrease as a population ages or becomes younger. At a time when poorer countries confront unprecedented increases in population and developed ones see their populations aging, we provide important insights on the relationship between demographic structure, aggregate entrepreneurship, and growth. Copyright © 2011 Strategic Management Society.
Some like it free: Innovators' Strategic use of Disclosure to slow down Competition
Authors: Pacheco‐de‐Almeida Gonçalo , Zemsky Peter B. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWhy do some innovators freely reveal their intellectual property? This empirical puzzle has been a focal point of debate in the R&D literature. We show that innovators may share proprietary technology with rivals for free—even if it does not directly benefit them—to slow down competition. By disclosing IP, innovators indirectly induce rivals to wait and imitate instead of concurrently investing in innovation, which alleviates competitive pressure. In contrast with the classical strategy view, our paper also shows that imitators may not always benefit from interfirm knowledge spillovers. Specifically, imitators may want to limit the know‐how that they can freely appropriate from innovators. Otherwise, innovators have fewer incentives to quickly develop new technologies, which, ultimately, reduces the pace and profits of imitation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.