bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross-sectional associations between multisensory impairment and brain volumes in older adults: Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging
Authors: Tian Chenxin , Schrack Jennifer A. , Agrawal Yuri , An Yang , Cai Yurun , Wang Hang , Gross Alden L. , Tian Qu , Simonsick Eleanor M. , Ferrucci Luigi , Resnick Susan M. , Wanigatunga Amal A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSensory impairment and brain atrophy is common among older adults, increasing the risk of dementia. Yet, the degree to which multiple co-occurring sensory impairments (MSI across vision, proprioception, vestibular function, olfactory, and hearing) are associated with brain morphometry remain unexplored. Data were from 208 cognitively unimpaired participants (mean age 72 ± 10 years; 59% women) enrolled in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Multiple linear regression models were used to estimate cross-sectional associations between MSI and regional brain imaging volumes. For each additional sensory impairment, there were associated lower orbitofrontal gyrus and entorhinal cortex volumes but higher caudate and putamen volumes. Participants with MSI had lower mean volumes in the superior frontal gyrus, orbitofrontal gyrus, superior parietal lobe, and precuneus compared to participants with < 2 impairments. While MSI was largely associated with lower brain volumes, our results suggest the possibility that MSI was associated with higher basal ganglia volumes. Longitudinal analyses are needed to evaluate the temporality and directionality of these associations.
Replacing nitrogen in mineral fertilizers with nitrogen in maize straw increases soil water-holding capacity
Authors: Wang Xiaojuan , Tian Le , Wang Tianle , Zhang Enhui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSoil water-holding capacity decreases due to long-term mineral fertilizer application. The objective of this study was to determine how replacing mineral fertilizer with maize straw affected the soil water retention curve, soil water content, soil water availability, and soil equivalent pore size. Replacement treatments in which 25% (S25), 50% (S50), 75% (S75), and 100% (S100) of 225 kg ha−1 nitrogen from mineral fertilizer (CK) was replaced with equivalent nitrogen from maize straw were conducted for five years in the Loess Plateau of China. The Gardner model was used to fit the soil water retention curve and calculate the soil water constant and equivalent pore size distribution. The results indicated that the Gardner model fitted well. Replacing nitrogen from mineral fertilizer with nitrogen from straw increased soil specific water capacity, soil readily available water, soil delayed available water, soil available water, soil capillary porosity, and soil available water porosity over time. S25 increased field capacity and wilting point from the fourth fertilization year. S50 enhanced soil readily available water, soil delayed available water, soil available water, and soil available water porosity from the fifth fertilization year, whereas S25 and S75 increased these from the third fertilization year or earlier. Soil specific water capacity, soil readily available water, soil delayed available water, soil available water, soil capillary porosity, and soil available water porosity could better reflect soil water-holding capacity and soil water supply capacity compared with field capacity and wilting point.
Deciphering the heterogeneity dominated by tumor-associated macrophages for survival prognostication and prediction of immunotherapy response in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Sun Jiazheng , Guo Hehua , Nie Yalan , Zhou Sirui , Zeng Yulan , Sun Yalu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a specific subset of macrophages that reside inside the tumor microenvironment. The dynamic interplay between TAMs and tumor cells plays a crucial role in the treatment response and prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). The study aimed to examine the association between TAMs and LUAD to advance the development of targeted strategies and immunotherapeutic approaches for treating this type of lung cancer. The study employed single-cell mRNA sequencing data to characterize the immune cell composition of LUAD and delineate distinct subpopulations of TAMs. The “BayesPrism” and “Seurat” R packages were employed to examine the association between these subgroups and immunotherapy and clinical features to identify novel immunotherapy biomarkers. Furthermore, a predictive signature was generated to forecast patient prognosis by examining the gene expression profile of immunotherapy-associated TAMs subsets and using 104 machine-learning techniques. A comprehensive investigation has shown the existence of a hitherto unidentified subgroup of TAMs known as RGS1 + TAMs, which has been found to have a strong correlation with the efficacy of immunotherapy and the occurrence of tumor metastasis in LUAD patients. CD83 was identified CD83 as a distinct biomarker for the expression of RGS1 + TAMs, showcasing its potential utility as an indicator for immunotherapeutic interventions. Furthermore, the prognostic capacity of the RTMscore signature, encompassing three specific mRNA (NR4A2, MMP14, and NPC2), demonstrated enhanced robustness when contrasted against the comprehensive collection of 104 features outlined in the published study. CD83 has potential as an immunotherapeutic biomarker. Meanwhile, The RTMscore signature established in the present study might be beneficial for survival prognostication.
Double‐layer Byzantine fault‐tolerant grouping consensus algorithm based on raft
Authors: Yuan Haotian , Li Fei , Diao Renhong , Shu Ting 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAddressing the scalability issues, excessive communication overhead, and challenges in adapting to large‐scale network node environments faced by the Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) consensus algorithm currently employed in consortium blockchains, this paper proposes a Double Layer Consensus Algorithm Based on RAFT and PBFT Consensus Algorithms (DLCA_R_P). The nodes in the blockchain are initially divided into several groups to form the lower‐layer consensus network. Subsequently, the leaders of these groups constitute the upper‐layer consensus network, creating a dual‐layer consensus network structure. Within the lower‐layer consensus network, the PBFT consensus algorithm is employed for consensus among the groups, while the primary accountants form the upper‐layer RAFT consensus network. The algorithm incorporates a supervision mechanism and a reputation mechanism to enhance the security of the consensus network. Additionally, a grouping mechanism is introduced to transform the consensus network into a dynamic structure. Experimental results analysis demonstrates that compared to traditional PBFT consensus algorithms, DLCA_R_P reduces consensus latency by two orders of magnitude and improves throughput by one order of magnitude in a scenario with 100 nodes. Furthermore, it exhibits significant advantages over other improved algorithms. Thus, the DLCA_R_P consensus algorithm exhibits excellent scalability and can be widely applied in various scenarios within consortium blockchains.
Improving diversity of speech‐driven gesture generation with memory networks as dynamic dictionaries
Authors: Zhao Zeyu , Gao Nan , Zeng Zhi , Zhang Guixuan , Liu Jie , Zhang Shuwu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGenerating co‐speech gestures for interactive digital humans remains challenging because of the indeterministic nature of the problem. The authors observe that gestures generated from speech audio or text by existing neural methods often contain less movement shift than expected, which can be viewed as slow or dull. Thus, a new generative model coupled with memory networks as dynamic dictionaries for speech‐driven gesture generation with improved diversity is proposed. More specifically, the dictionary network dynamically stores connections between text and pose features in a list of key‐value pairs as the memory for the pose generation network to look up; the pose generation network then merges the matching pose features and input audio features for generating the final pose sequences. To make the improvements more accurately measurable, a new objective evaluation metric for gesture diversity that can remove the influence of low‐quality motions is also proposed and tested. Quantitative and qualitative experiments demonstrate that the proposed architecture succeeds in generating gestures with improved diversity.
Communication‐resilient and convergence‐fast peer‐to‐peer energy trading scheme in a fully decentralized framework
Authors: Feng Changsen , Wu Hang , Yang Jiajia , Li Zhiyi , Zhang Youbing , Wen Fushuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe wide deployment of distributed energy resources, combined with a more proactive demand‐side management, is boosting the emergence of the peer‐to‐peer market. In the present study, an innovative peer‐to‐peer energy trading model is introduced, enabling a group of price‐setting prosumers to engage in direct negotiations via a straightforward best‐response approach. A Nash equilibrium problem (NEP) is initially formulated and a sufficient condition for the unique solution of the NEP is derived. Afterward, an asynchronous and convergence‐fast solving method is employed to determine the trading quantity and price. The efficiency and resilience of the presented method are demonstrated through a comprehensive case study.
Modelling appearance variations in expressive and neutral face image for automatic facial expression recognition
Authors: Kumar H N Naveen , M S Guru Prasad , Asif Shah Mohd , Mahadevaswamy  , B Jagadeesh , K Sudheesh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn automatic facial expression recognition (AFER) systems, modelling the spatio‐temporal feature information in a specific manner, coalescing, and its effective utilization is challenging. The state‐of‐the‐art studies have examined integrating multiple features to enhance the recognition rate of AFER systems. However, the feature variations between expressive and neutral face images are not fully explored to identify the expression class. The proposed research presents an innovative approach to AFER by modelling appearance variations in both expressive and neutral face images. The prominent contributions of the work are developing a novel and hybrid feature space by integrating the discriminative feature distribution derived from expressive and neutral face images; preserving the highly discriminative latent feature distribution using autoencoders. Local binary pattern (LBP) and histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) are the feature descriptors employed to derive the discriminative texture and shape information, respectively. The component‐based approach is employed, wherein the features are derived from the salient facial regions instead of the whole face. The three‐stage stacked deep convolutional autoencoder (SDCA) and multi‐class support vector machine (MSVM) are employed to address dimensionality reduction and classification, respectively. The efficacy of the proposed model is substantiated by empirical findings, which establish its superiority in terms of accuracy in AFER tasks on widely recognized benchmark datasets.
Investigations of 4H‐SiC trench MOSFET with integrated high‐K deep trench and gate dielectric
Authors: Yao Jiafei , Liu Yuao , Li Ang , Han Xue , Yao Qing , Yang Kemeng , Li Man , Chen Jing , Zhang Maolin , Zhang Jun , Guo Yufeng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes and investigates a novel 4H‐SiC trench MOSFET (TMOS) with integrated high‐K deep trench and gate dielectric (INHK‐TMOS). The integrated high‐K (INHK) consists of a high‐K gate dielectric and an extended high‐K deep trench dielectric in the drift region. Firstly, the high‐K gate dielectric together with the metal‐forming high‐K metal gate structure, which increases the gate oxide capacitance (COX), reduces the threshold voltage (VTH) and the specific on‐resistance (Ron,sp). Secondly, the extended high‐K deep trench dielectric not only modulates the electric field in the drift region by introducing a new electric field peak at the bottom of the high‐K deep trench dielectric, thereby enhancing the breakdown voltage (BV), but also improves the doping concentration (ND) of the drift region by the assist depletion effect of the high‐K dielectric, further optimizing the forward conduction characteristics. Simulation results demonstrate that when compared to the conventional TMOS, the INHK‐TMOS using HfO2 exhibits a 52.6% reduction in VTH, a 52.1% reduction in Ron,sp, a 20.3% increasement in BV and a 202.3% improvement in figure of merit.
Schwere konjunktivale und korneale epitheliale Dysplasie: eine Fallserie
Authors: Jähnig Angelika , Pfau Kristina , Meyer Peter , Gatzioufas Zisis 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund/Ziele Die Gruppe der Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia (OSSN) zählt zu den häufigsten nicht pigmentierten Malignomen der Augenoberfläche. Histologisch zeigt sich dabei eine große Spanne von einer milden epithelialen Dysplasie bis hin zum invasiven Plattenepithelkarzinom. Weiterhin lässt sich zudem zwischen einer reinen Bindehaut- und zusätzlichen Hornhautbeteiligung unterscheiden. Bei Patienten, die sich nicht in regelmäßiger augenärztlicher Behandlung befinden, wird die Diagnose aufgrund von fehlenden Leitsymptomen in Frühstadien meist sehr spät gestellt. Die vorliegende Fallserie mit klinischen und histologischen Daten zum OSSN soll auf mögliche klinische Erscheinungsbilder, relevante Risikofaktoren, histologische und zytologische Besonderheiten sowie Therapieoptionen aufmerksam machen.
Methoden Retrospektive Fallserie von Patienten mit histologisch gesicherter schwerer epithelialer Dysplasie der Bindehaut und Hornhaut im Sinne einer OSSN (Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia) an der Augenklinik des Universitätsspitals Basel. Demografische Daten, Symptome, Diagnostik (Fotodokumentationen, Bürstenbiopsie), Behandlung sowie zytologisches und/oder histologisches Material und Befunde wurden analysiert.
Ergebnisse Wir berichten über 5 Patienten im Alter zwischen 41 und 92 Jahren zum Zeitpunkt der Diagnosestellung. Bei allen Patienten stellt sich im histologischen Befund eine schwere epitheliale Dysplasie dar, die sich in einem heterogenen klinischen Bild präsentiert. Es zeigt sich in allen Fällen eine von der Konjunktiva ausgehende Läsion, jeweils mit Limbusüberschreitung und einhergehender Hornhautbeteiligung. Die jeweilige primäre Behandlung umfasste eine operative Exzision. In einem Fall wurde diese aufgrund von rezidivierenden Metaplasien mehrfach notwendig und durch eine anschließende Mitomycin-C-Therapie ergänzt. Im klinischen Outcome ergaben sich große Unterschiede von einer vollständige Restitutio ad integrum bis hin zur Notwendigkeit einer Enukleation.
Schlussfolgerung Das klinische Bild der OSSN präsentiert sich als sehr heterogen, was die initiale Diagnosestellung erschwert. Offizielle Behandlungsleitlinien bestehen dabei nicht, sodass sich die Therapie der Wahl zwischen den einzelnen Kliniken unterscheidet. Regelmäßige ophthalmologische Nachkontrollen sind auch nach vollständiger chirurgischer Exzision empfohlen. Mögliche relevante Begleiterkrankungen und Risikofaktoren sollten im Vorfeld der Therapie erfasst werden.
Acute Myopic Shift after a Single Dose of Acetazolamide: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Kaisari Eirini , Abouzeid Hana , Magnin Laurent , Boeuf Melanie , Gkaragkani Evangelia , Schalenbourg Ann , Wolfensberger Thomas J. , Kaeser Pierre-François 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe report the case of a 32-year-old male who presented with an acute myopic shift as a result of uveal effusion following a single administration of 250 mg acetazolamide. The drug was discontinued and following cycloplegia and topical steroid therapy, we observed progressive deepening of the anterior chamber, reopening of the iridocorneal angle, and complete resolution of the myopic shift after 5 days. A literature review since 1956 identified 23 cases, including ours, which developed a myopic shift after a median time of 24 h (3 – 24) following a median dose of 500 mg (125 – 1000) acetazolamide, with about a third complicated by angle closure ocular hypertension. This presumed idiosyncratic reaction can occur without prior drug exposure and independent of the phakic status. Treatment options include systematic drug withdrawal associated with cycloplegia, anti-glaucomatous agents, and/or corticosteroids. Full recovery is achieved within about 5 days (2 – 14). Given the
widespread use of acetazolamide, awareness of this idiosyncratic reaction is crucial to avoid complications of acute angle-closure glaucoma.
Teilhabe im Kinderkrankenhaus: Formate zur Verwirklichung des Rechts
auf Partizipation von jungen Patientinnen und Patienten
Authors: Voigt-Blaurock Varinka , Jung-Sievers Caroline , Bauer Julia , Clark Holly , Coenen Michaela , Klein Christoph , Rehfuess Eva Annette , Ruther Carolin , Voss Stephan 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungBasierend auf der UN-Kinderrechtskonvention haben Kinder und Jugendliche das
Recht, in allen sie betreffenden Angelegenheiten mitzubestimmen und mitzuwirken.
Dies gilt insbesondere auch dann, wenn sie Patient*innen im Kinderkrankenhaus
sind. Im internationalen Kontext bestehen bereits etablierte Formate zur
Partizipation junger Patient*innen in gesundheitlichen Belangen, z. B. im Rahmen
von „Children’s Councils“ oder „Young Person’s Advisory Groups“. In Deutschland
fehlen solche Ansätze bis dato weitgehend. Es bleibt ein Desiderat, passende
Formate zu entwickeln, die eine sinnvolle und wirksame Partizipation der jungen
Patient*innen im Gesundheitswesen ermöglichen. Diese Formate sind so zu wählen,
dass sie realistisch im klinischen Setting und in der pädiatrischen Forschung
umgesetzt und langfristig aufrechterhalten werden können. Vor dem Hintergrund
der Stärkung der Kinderrechte im Gesundheitswesen sind eine Weiterentwicklung
solch partizipativer Formate ebenso wie deren nachhaltige Implementierung und
Evaluation wünschenswert.
Digitalisierung im Gesundheitswesen: Implikationen für ein
Wettbewerbsbild im Versicherungs-, Behandlungs- und
Leistungsmarkt
Authors: Zerth Jürgen 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungMit der Digitalisierung wird die Möglichkeit deutlich, kontextualisierte und
vernetzte Gesundheitsdaten zu nutzen. Durch reduzierte Informationsasymmetrien
soll ein Beitrag zur effektiveren und effizienteren Steuerung von
Gesundheitsressourcen entstehen. Damit entstehen Auswirkungen auf den
institutionalisierten Rahmen im traditionellen Akteursdreieck. Plattformen
verändern und erweitern die Formen der Interaktion darin erheblich. Zwei Formen
der Plattformarchitektur müssen erwähnt werden. Die erste hilft, heterogene
Datenquellen zu kombinieren, um effektivere Gesundheitsinformationen zu
generieren, und die zweite trägt zur Organisation integrierter
Versorgungsmodelle bei. Insbesondere ein erweitertes Datenökosystem, das sich
auf prädiktive Datenmodellierung bezieht, verändert das traditionelle Modell der
Steuerung von Gesundheitsrisiken und der Organisation von
Gesundheitsversorgung.
Krankenkassen als aktive Mitgestalter der
Gesundheitsversorgung
Authors: Jacobs Klaus , Vauth Christoph 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag geht es um die Rolle der Krankenkassen bei der
Versorgungsgestaltung. Zunächst wird am Beispiel der Integrierten Versorgung
gezeigt, dass der vor rund dreißig Jahren eingeführte Kassenwettbewerb diese
Rolle nicht signifikant gestärkt hat, weil die wettbewerblichen
Rahmenbedingungen unvollständig blieben. Anschließend werden drei Beispiele
gegeben, wie die Krankenkassen im Wettbewerb, aber auch gemeinsam, aktiv zur
Verbesserung der ihrer Versicherten beitragen können: mit Patientenlotsen, bei
der Versorgung von Langzeitgepflegten im Heim und im „klassischen“
Vertragswettbewerb. Hierfür muss die Gesundheitspolitik die Voraussetzungen
gezielt verbessern.
Artropatia ocronótica e alcaptonúria (ocronose): Relato de caso
Authors: Ariel de Lima Diego , Bastos Yaly Rebouças Carneiro , Aquino Filho Jailson Castro de , Paiva Danilo Lopes de , Clazzer Renata , Lima Lana Lacerda de 
Published: April 2024

ResumoA alcaptonúria (alkaptonuria, AKU, em inglês) é uma condição genética rara em que a deficiência da enzima ácido homogentísico oxidase, produzida pelo fígado e pelos rins, interfere no metabolismo dos aminoácidos fenilalanina e tirosina. Embora possa não apresentar sintomas, a AKU pode levar à ocronose, um acúmulo anormal em tecidos do corpo de um pigmento chamado alcaptona. Com o passar do tempo, esse acúmulo de pigmento nas articulações pode levar a uma osteoartrose secundária conhecida como artropatia ocronótica, que é a forma mais incapacitante da doença. Devido à raridade da condição e à falta de conhecimento disseminado quanto a ela, relata-se um caso para descrever um diagnóstico de artropatia ocronótica de joelho que só foi identificado após a cirurgia. Devido à raridade dessa condição, sobretudo no Brasil, a descrição de casos ajudará na compreensão da epidemiologia nacional, assim como na divulgação de mais informações sobre a AKU e suas manifestações clínicas, sobretudo as osteoarticulares.
Comparison of Reconstruction of Maxilloalveolar Resections in Head and Neck Cancers with Chimeric Anterolateral Thigh Flap (ALT) versus Standard ALT Flap
Authors: Kumar Vineet , Jaffar Samreen , Mantri Mayur , Bindu Ameya , Mathews Saumya , Jaiswal Dushyant , Shankhdhar Vinay Kant 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background Oral malignancy that presents at a locally advanced stage needs complex surgical resections in which the maxillary cavity is usually left open. The constant maxillary secretions lead to problems like poor healing, fistula formation, and flap necrosis, causing longer hospital stays, delayed adjuvant therapy, and additional surgeries. Several methods have been tried to ameliorate this, each faced with its own difficulties. This study describes the use of chimeric free anterolateral thigh (ALT) with vastus lateralis (VL) muscle to tackle this problem.
Materials and Methods With the aim to assess the advantage of reconstruction of maxillo-alveolar resections using chimeric ALT + VL, we analyzed data from 20 cases reconstructed with chimeric free ALT + VL over a year. We compared them with twenty matched controls reconstructed with standard ALT. Analysis was done with respect to intraoperative ease, adequacy of maxillary sinus fill, postoperative secretions, length of hospital stay, duration to adjuvant therapy, and postoperative complications tabulated using the modified Clavien-Dindo classification.
Results It was found that chimeric ALT + VL gave greater freedom of movement to plug the maxillary cavity easily. The chimeric arm patients had fewer complications and a shorter mean hospital stay. Most of them received adjuvant therapy within their optimal time window.
Conclusion Chimeric ALT with vastus lateralis muscle is a reliable option for reconstructing complex defects, especially with dead space cavities like the maxillary sinus. Effective plugging of the maxillary sinus during the primary surgery results in better patient outcomes and must be done routinely.