bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neonatal mortality and associated factors among newborns in Mogadishu, Somalia: a multicenter hospital-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Ali Ikran Abdulkadir , Inchon Pamornsri , Suwannaporn Sirinan , Achalapong Jullapong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Neonatal mortality is a significant public health problem in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Somalia, where limited data exists about this. Mogadishu, the densely populated capital, faces a high rate of neonatal mortality, but this has not been widely studied on a national level. Healthcare providers and policymakers are working to reduce newborn deaths, but a comprehensive understanding of the contributing factors is crucial for effective strategies. Therefore, this study aims to determine the magnitude of neonatal death and identify factors associated with it in Mogadishu, Somalia.

Method
A multicenter hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted to collect data from participants at 5 purposively selected hospitals in Mogadishu, Somalia. A well-structured, reliable, self-developed, validated questionnaire containing socio-demographic, maternal, and neonatal characteristics was used as a research tool. Descriptive statistics were used for categorical and continuous variables presented. Chi-square and logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with neonatal mortality at a significant level of α = 0.05.

Results
A total of 513 participants were recruited for the study. The prevalence of neonatal mortality was 26.5% [95%CI = 22.6–30.2]. In a multivariable model, 9 variables were found: female newborns (AOR = 1.98, 95%CI = 1.22–3.19), those their mothers who did not attend ANC visits (AOR = 2.59, 95%CI = 1.05–6.45), those their mothers who did not take tetanus toxoid vaccination (AOR = 1.82, 95%CI = 1.01–3.28), those their mothers who delivered in instrumental assistant mode (AOR = 3.01, 95%CI = 1.38–6.56), those who had neonatal sepsis (AOR = 2.24, (95%CI = 1.26–3.98), neonatal tetanus (AOR = 16.03, 95%CI = 3.69–69.49), and pneumonia (AOR = 4.06, 95%CI = 1.60–10.31) diseases during hospitalization, premature (AOR = 1.99, 95%CI = 1.00–3.94) and postmature (AOR = 4.82, 95%CI = 1.64–14.16) neonates, those with a birth weight of less than 2500 gr (AOR = 4.82, 95%CI = 2.34–9.95), those who needed resuscitation after delivery (AOR = 2.78, 95%CI = 1.51–5.13), and those who did not initiate early breastfeeding (AOR = 2.28, 95%CI = 1.12–4.66), were significantly associated with neonatal mortality compared to their counterparts.

Conclusion
In this study, neonatal mortality was high prevalence. Therefore, the intervention efforts should focus on strategies to reduce maternal and neonatal factors related to neonatal mortality. Healthcare workers and health institutions should provide appropriate antenatal, postnatal, and newborn care.
Association between fluoride intake from drinking water and severity of dental fluorosis in Northern and Western Mexico: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gamarra José , Álvarez-Ordaz David , Molina-Frechero Nelly , Sánchez-Pérez Leonor , Pierdant-Rodriguez Alberto , Isiordia-Espinoza Mario Alberto , Espinosa-Cristóbal León Francisco , Gómez Palacio-Gastelum Marcelo , González-González Rogelio , Salas-Pacheco José , Bologna-Molina Ronell 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Dental fluorosis (DF) is caused by excessive exposure to fluoride during odontogenesis and leads to various changes in the development of tooth enamel. Some regions in Mexico are considered endemic fluorosis zones due to the high fluoride content in drinking water. The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify the association between the concentration of fluoride in drinking water and the severity of dental fluorosis in northern and western Mexico.

Methods
This protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (ID: CRD42023401519). The search for information was carried out in the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar databases between January 2015 and October 2023. The overall relative risk was calculated using the inverse of variance approach with the random effects method. The RoB 2.0 tool was used to construct risk plots.

Results
Eleven articles were analyzed qualitatively, and most of the included studies presented at least one level of DF severity; six articles were analyzed quantitatively, dividing them into two regions. In North region it was observed a higher prevalence of severe TF cases, corresponding to ≥ TF 5 category (4.78) [3.55, 6.42]. In the West region, most of the included studies presented a higher prevalence of less severe cases, corresponding to ≤ TF 4, in comparison with the North region (0.01) [0.00, 0.52], interpreted as a protective effect.

Conclusion
The concentrations of fluorides in drinking water are reportedly high in these regions and are directly related to the severity of dental fluorosis experienced by the inhabitants. In the Northern region exists a major concentration of fluoride in drinking water compared with the Western region as well as a prevalence of higher severity cases of dental fluorosis.
Spatial distribution patterns of human resources allocation in maternal and child healthcare institutions in China from 2016 to 2021
Authors: Li Xiaohui , Su Mei , He Li , Yang Jianjun , Wu Fangyuan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
In China, economic, urbanization, and policy differences between the eastern and western regions lead to uneven healthcare resources. This disparity is more pronounced in the west due to fewer healthcare personnel per thousand individuals and imbalanced doctor-to-nurse ratios, which exacerbates healthcare challenges. This study examines the spatial distribution of human resources in maternal and child healthcare from 2016 to 2021, highlighting regional disparities and offering insights for future policy development.

Methods
The data were sourced from the “China Health and Family Planning Statistical Yearbook” (2017) and the “China Health and Health Statistics Yearbook” (2018–2022). This study utilized GeoDa 1.8.6 software to conduct both global and local spatial autocorrelation analyses, using China’s administrative map as the base dataset.

Results
From 2016 to 2021, there was an upward trend in the number of health personnel and various types of health technical personnel in Chinese maternal and child healthcare institutions. The spatial distribution of these personnel from 2016 to 2021 revealed clusters characterized as high-high, low-low, high-low and low-high. Specifically, high-high clusters were identified in Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi, and Guangdong provinces; low-low in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region; high-low in Sichuan province; and low-high in Fujian and Anhui provinces.

Conclusions
From 2016 to 2021, there was evident spatial clustering of health personnel and various health technical personnel in Chinese maternal and child healthcare institutions, indicating regional imbalances.
The prognostic significance of ubiquitination-related genes in multiple myeloma by bioinformatics analysis
Authors: zhang Feng , Chen Xiao-Lei , Wang Hong-Fang , Guo Tao , Yao Jin , Jiang Zong-Sheng , Pei Qiang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Immunoregulatory drugs regulate the ubiquitin-proteasome system, which is the main treatment for multiple myeloma (MM) at present. In this study, bioinformatics analysis was used to construct the risk model and evaluate the prognostic value of ubiquitination-related genes in MM.

Methods and results
The data on ubiquitination-related genes and MM samples were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. The consistent cluster analysis and ESTIMATE algorithm were used to create distinct clusters. The MM prognostic risk model was constructed through single-factor and multiple-factor analysis. The ROC curve was plotted to compare the survival difference between high- and low-risk groups. The nomogram was used to validate the predictive capability of the risk model. A total of 87 ubiquitination-related genes were obtained, with 47 genes showing high expression in the MM group. According to the consistent cluster analysis, 4 clusters were determined. The immune infiltration, survival, and prognosis differed significantly among the 4 clusters. The tumor purity was higher in clusters 1 and 3 than in clusters 2 and 4, while the immune score and stromal score were lower in clusters 1 and 3. The proportion of B cells memory, plasma cells, and T cells CD4 naïve was the lowest in cluster 4. The model genes KLHL24, HERC6, USP3, TNIP1, and CISH were highly expressed in the high-risk group. AICAr and BMS.754,807 exhibited higher drug sensitivity in the low-risk group, whereas Bleomycin showed higher drug sensitivity in the high-risk group. The nomogram of the risk model demonstrated good efficacy in predicting the survival of MM patients using TCGA and GEO datasets.

Conclusions
The risk model constructed by ubiquitination-related genes can be effectively used to predict the prognosis of MM patients. KLHL24, HERC6, USP3, TNIP1, and CISH genes in MM warrant further investigation as therapeutic targets and to combat drug resistance.
Photosensitive and dual-targeted chromium nanoparticle delivering small interfering RNA YTHDF1 for molecular-targeted immunotherapy in liver cancer
Authors: Chen Shang , He Yan , Huang Xin , Shen Yao , Zou Qingshuang , Yang Gun , Fu Li , Liu Quan , Luo Dixian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a promising target for cancer immunotherapy, but delivering therapeutic agents to TAMs within the tumor microenvironment (TME) is challenging. In this study, a photosensitive, dual-targeting nanoparticle system (M.RGD@Cr-CTS-siYTHDF1 NPs) was developed. The structure includes a shell of DSPE-modified RGD peptides targeting integrin receptors on tumor cells and carboxymethyl mannose targeting CD206 receptors on macrophages, with a core of chitosan adsorbing m6A reading protein YTHDF1 siRNA and chromium nanoparticles (Cr NPs). The approach is specifically designed to target TAM and cancer cells, utilizing the photothermal effect of Cr NPs to disrupt the TME and deliver siYTHDF1 to TAM. In experiments with tumor-bearing mice, M.RGD@Cr-CTS-siYTHDF1 NPs, when exposed to laser irradiation, effectively killed tumor cells, disrupted the TME, delivered siYTHDF1 to TAMs, silenced the YTHDF1 gene, and shifted the STAT3-STAT1 equilibrium by reducing STAT3 and enhancing STAT1 expression. This reprogramming of TAMs towards an anti-tumor phenotype led to a pro-immunogenic TME state. The strategy also suppressed immunosuppressive IL-10 production, increased expression of immunostimulatory factors (IL-12 and IFN-γ), boosted CD8 + T cell infiltration and M1-type TAMs, and reduced Tregs and M2-type TAMs within the TME. In conclusion, the dual-targeting M.RGD@Cr-CTS-siYTHDF1 NPs, integrating dual-targeting capabilities with photothermal therapy (PTT) and RNA interference, offer a promising approach for molecular targeted cancer immunotherapy with potential for clinical application.
Graphical Abstract
FBS-based cryoprotective compositions for effective cryopreservation of gut microbiota and key intestinal microorganisms
Authors: Zalomova Lyubov V. , Fesenko Eugeny E. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objective
The need for innovative techniques to preserve microbiota for extended periods, while maintaining the species composition and quantitative balance of the bacterial community, is becoming increasingly important. To address this need, we propose an efficient approach to cryopreserve human gut microbiota using a two-component cryoprotective composition comprising fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Fetal serum is a commonly utilized component in the freezing media for eukaryotic cells, however, its effects on prokaryotic cells have not been extensively researched.

Results
In our study, we demonstrated the high efficiency of using a two-component cryoprotective medium, FBS + 5% DMSO, for cryopreservation of human gut microbiota using three different methods. According to the obtained results, the intact donor microbiota was preserved at a level of 85 ± 4% of the initial composition based on fluorescent analysis using the LIVE/DEAD test. No differences in survival were observed when comparing with pure DMSO and FBS media. The photometric measurement method for growth of aerobic bacteria (A. johnsoni), facultative anaerobes (E. coli, E. faecalis), microaerophilic (L. plantarum), and obligate anaerobic bacterial cultures (E. barkeri, B. breve) also demonstrated high viability rates of 94–98% in the two-component protective medium, reaching intact control levels. However, for anaerobic microflora representatives, serum proved to be a more suitable cryoprotectant. Also, we demonstrated that using cryoprotective media with 50–75% FBS content is enough to preserve a significant level of bacterial cell viability, from an economic standpoint.
A BERT-based pretraining model for extracting molecular structural information from a SMILES sequence
Authors: Zheng Xiaofan , Tomiura Yoichi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Among the various molecular properties and their combinations, it is a costly process to obtain the desired molecular properties through theory or experiment. Using machine learning to analyze molecular structure features and to predict molecular properties is a potentially efficient alternative for accelerating the prediction of molecular properties. In this study, we analyze molecular properties through the molecular structure from the perspective of machine learning. We use SMILES sequences as inputs to an artificial neural network in extracting molecular structural features and predicting molecular properties. A SMILES sequence comprises symbols representing molecular structures. To address the problem that a SMILES sequence is different from actual molecular structural data, we propose a pretraining model for a SMILES sequence based on the BERT model, which is widely used in natural language processing, such that the model learns to extract the molecular structural information contained in the SMILES sequence. In an experiment, we first pretrain the proposed model with 100,000 SMILES sequences and then use the pretrained model to predict molecular properties on 22 data sets and the odor characteristics of molecules (98 types of odor descriptor). The experimental results show that our proposed pretraining model effectively improves the performance of molecular property prediction

Scientific contribution
The 2-encoder pretraining is proposed by focusing on the lower dependency of symbols to the contextual environment in a SMILES than one in a natural language sentence and the corresponding of one compound to multiple SMILES sequences. The model pretrained with 2-encoder shows higher robustness in tasks of molecular properties prediction compared to BERT which is adept at natural language.
gravity with spacetime torsion
Authors: Kumar Hitender , Paul Tanmoy , SenGupta Soumitra 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The duality between a higher-curvature f(R) gravity model and a scalar-tensor theory helps to bring out the role of the additional degree of freedom originating from the higher-derivative terms in the gravity action. Such a degree of freedom which appears as a scalar field has been shown to have multiple implications in the cosmological/astrophysical scenario. The present work proposes a novel generalization to this correspondence between f(R) gravity and a dual scalar-tensor theory when the affine connection is considered to have an antisymmetric part. It turns out that the f(R) action in the presence of spacetime torsion can be recast to a

coupled scalar-tensor theory with a 2-rank massless antisymmetric tensor field in the Einstein frame, where the scalar field gets coupled with the antisymmetric field through derivative coupling(s).
Bunching-Proof Capabilities of Modular Buses: An Analytical Assessment
Authors: Lin Xi , Chen Zhibin , Li Meng , He Fang 
Published: June 2024

Modular vehicles are a novel concept that allows for the coupling and decoupling of different vehicle modules and enables in-motion passenger transfers; it can potentially increase the flexibility of the transportation system. Recent studies have numerically highlighted the potential of using modular vehicles as transit buses to mitigate the bus bunching phenomenon. Building upon this, our study offers a comprehensive and systematic analytical assessment of the bunching-proof capabilities associated with modular buses. Specifically, we examine two sets of cases: those with fixed boarding capacities, where each bus stop processes only one queue for a modular platoon, irrespective of the number of modular vehicles it consists of; and those with flexible boarding capacities, where multiple queues can be served at each stop, enabling all modular units within a platoon to cater to boarding passengers concurrently. For the cases with fixed boarding capacities, we quantify the necessary conditions for successful hysteresis restoration, whereas for the cases with flexible boarding capacities, we discover a notable “bounded bunching property,” wherein the bus operation inherently restricts the ongoing deterioration of bunching. Leveraging this property, we propose an innovative proactive bunching mitigation method, called “adaptive pushing strategy,” to mitigate bus bunching more proactively. A computer simulation platform is established to validate the theoretical findings and mitigation solutions presented in this study. Funding: Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72061127003], the Shanghai Eastern Scholar Program [Grant QD2020057], the Shanghai Chenguang Program [Grant 21CGA72], and the NYU Shanghai Boost Fund is gratefully acknowledged. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2023.0224 .
A digital approach to tooth autotransplantation: a case report
Authors: George Pynadath , Allybocus Ameer 
Published: June 2024

In this article, we present a case report on the autotransplantation of an upper left canine (UL3) into the site of a retained upper left deciduous canine (ULC) in a 36-year-old male using a digital guided approach. The procedure involved meticulous pre-operative planning, careful extraction of the ULC and UL3, and the use of a stereolithic tooth and a surgical guide created using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data. Follow-up included endodontic treatment post-transplantation. The successful outcome of this case underscores the importance of how imaging techniques can help to provide successful and predictable autotransplantation results. This case report highlights the successful integration of a transplanted tooth and the unique approach to the techniques used. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Autotransplantation of an impacted tooth can be considerd as a treatment option for the adult patient with a single tooth edentulous space or retained deciduous tooth.
Maxillary sarcoidosis: a case report
Authors: Patel Jaymit , Walker Ed , Clarkson Rosalyn , Bhakta Shashwat 
Published: June 2024

Sarcoidosis involving the facial bones is rare; however, it may be identified as mild changes on dental radiographs. Awareness of this pathology is important to ensure early referral. Dental structures (if affected) should be preserved where possible. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Awareness of the typical presentation of sarcoidosis, and the potential clinical signs, is relevant to dental practice.
Patient preventive advice to mitigate signs and symptoms of tooth wear
Authors: Rose Charlie , Olley Ryan C 
Published: June 2024

Tooth wear has profound consequences for a patient's oral health and quality of life. Education on preventive advice has been suggested as a method of reducing the burden of tooth wear in the population. This review provides an update on preventive advice regarding the mitigation of tooth wear, and presents evidence-based clinical recommendations that dental professionals can use chairside. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Preventive advice for tooth wear patients may help prevent tooth wear and its progression.
Empyema of odontogenic origin: a case report
Authors: Linden John , Wray Alyson 
Published: June 2024

A subdural empyema of odontogenic origin is an uncommon, but significant sequela of dental disease with associated morbidity. This article discusses the case of a 15-year-old boy who presented with a subdural empyema of odontogenic origin. The case highlights the multidisciplinary care required to manage such cases, including the involvement of the dental team. It discusses the complexities in its diagnosis and management as well as the associated morbidity and mortality. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Subdural empyema of odontogenic origin has implications for the dental team in terms of prevention and management of dental disease.
Orange oil technique for gutta percha removal near open apices in root canal re-treatment
Authors: Tello M Ali M , Elmsmari Firas , Saleh Abdul Rahman M , Afrashtehfar Kelvin I 
Published: June 2024

This clinical recommendation introduces a practical approach for the removal of gutta percha remnants near open apices in root canal retreatment using orange oil. This advice discusses the rationale for the technique, provides a step-by-step description, and outlines its advantages and limitations. This minimally invasive cost-effective approach offers dental practitioners greater effectiveness and safety in addressing the challenge of gutta percha removal near open apices. CPD/Clinical Relevance: A minimally invasive cost-effective approach that offers effectiveness and safety when removing gutta percha near open apices is described.
PERDAS E DESPERDÍCIOS DE ALIMENTOS NO CONTEXTO DA ECONOMIA CIRCULAR: Principais metodologias de quantificação
Authors: Da Silva Mota Carvalho Denise , Florindo Alves Alexandre , Da Silva Christian Luiz 
Published: June 2024

Este trabalho apresenta como tema central a perda e desperdício de alimentos (PDA) e o reaproveitamento dos resíduos agroalimentares resultantes das perdas. Nesse sentido, teve como objetivo geral entender quais são as principais metodologias de quantificação da PDA e quais as estratégias têm sido adotadas para redução do desperdício e o reaproveitamento dos resíduos agroalimentares à luz dos preceitos de Economia Circular (EC). Como resultado constatou-se quatro metodologias utilizadas internacionalmente: Padrão para contabilizar e relatar Perdas e Desperdício de Alimentos; Metodologia da FAO; Metodologia da União Europeia baseada no Projeto Fusion e Hierarquia de Recuperação de Alimentos (HRA). Ambas aderem ao conceito de EC baseado na redução de insumos e recursos naturais, minimização e recuperação dos resíduos agroalimentar por meio de reutilização, reciclagem e composição de subprodutos que são reinseridos na cadeia de suprimentos alimentar.
The Ideal Path: Acquiring Education and Gaining Respect for Parents from the Perspective of Arab-Bedouin Students
Authors: Abu-gweder Aref 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The present study discusses the social and personal challenges facing Arab-Bedouin students in teaching colleges and examines how they maneuver between the academic world, which represents modern urban life, and the social traditions of their society. The study is based on semi-structured interviews with 30 Arab-Bedouin students from education colleges in southern Israel. The Arab-Bedouin female students interviewed in the study reported that their status, as well as their families’ status, improved as a result of their decision to acquire higher education. Education is seen as a source of pride for them and their family members, even within their society. In addition, the study found that parental support contributed greatly to the students’ academic progress. The parents formed a safety net, for example, by helping to pay tuition or buying school supplies and equipment such as laptops.