bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: A Metal‐Free, Aqueous and General Route to 1,5‐Disubstituted‐1,2,3‐triazoles: ′Reversed Regioisomeric′ 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Azides and Vinyl Sulfones.
Authors: Dey Santu , Datta Dhrubajyoti , Pathak Tanmaya 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe procedure can also be applied to the preparation of triazole‐containing natural products such as (VIII) and (X) or complex systems such as ditriazoles (XII).
ChemInform Abstract: Titania‐Supported Iridium Subnanoclusters as an Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for Direct Synthesis of Quinolines from Nitroarenes and Aliphatic Alcohols.
Authors: He Lin , Wang Jian‐Qiang , Gong Ya , Liu Yong‐Mei , Cao Yong , He He‐Yong , Fan Kang‐Nian 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe ligand‐free Ir/TiO2 nanocluster catalyst allows for the synthesis of various quinolines (III) under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐Free Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions under High Speed Ball‐Milling Conditions Applied to the Synthesis of Functionalized Tetrahydroisoquinolines.
Authors: Su Weike , Yu Jingbo , Li Zhenhua , Jiang Zhijiang 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIt allows an efficient and rapid access to a number of 1‐substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines which are of biological interest.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogen‐Bonding 2D Metal—Organic Solids as Highly Robust and Efficient Heterogeneous Green Catalysts for Biginelli Reaction.
Authors: Li Peng , Regati Sridhar , Butcher Raymond J. , Arman Hadi D. , Chen Zhenxia , Xiang Shengchang , Chen Banglin , Zhao Cong‐Gui 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIt is demonstrated that novel Zn(II) and Cd(II) metal‐organic framework materials (I) can be used with similar efficiency in the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydroalumination of Silylacetylenes: A Novel and Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of (E)‐Telluro(silyl)ketene Acetals and Their Applications in Sonogashira Cross‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Baroni Adriano C. M. , et al. et al. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractSequential treatment of silylacetylenes according to A)‐C) allows a highly stereoselective synthesis of the title compounds (III) and (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Functionalization of Pinopyridine with Anisidines and o‐Phenylenediamine.
Authors: Vasilyev Eugene S. , Agafontsev Alexander M. , Kolesnik Vasilij D. , Gatilov Yurii V. , Tkachev Alexey V. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBenzylic oxidation of pinopyridine (I) gives keto derivative (II) which yields (8R)‐amino derivatives (VI) on reductive amination with anisidines.
ChemInform Abstract: Diabietane Ether, a New Dimeric Abietane with an Ether Linkage from Taxus cuspidata Needles.
Authors: Shi Qing‐Wen , et al. et al. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIsolation and structure elucidation of the new abietane dimer (I) connected by an ether linkage is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Glycoconjugate Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors by Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Azide‐Alkyne 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition.
Authors: Salmon Adam J. , Williams Michael L. , Maresca Alfonso , Supuran Claudiu T. , Poulsen Sally‐Ann 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA series of novel carbohydrate‐based triazolylbenzenesulfonamides are synthesized via a regioselective Huisgen‐1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Triterpenoid Alkaloid from Buxus sempervirens.
Authors: Yan Yu‐Xin , Sun Yun , Chen Jian‐Chao , Su Jia , Li Yan , Qiu Ming‐Hua 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe new triterpenoid alkaloid 16‐deacetoxy‐hyrcamine (I) and six known analogues are isolated from leaves and stems of the title plant.
A New Thermophoretic Precipitator for Off‐Line Particle Analysis
Authors: Boskovic Lucija , Agranovski Igor E. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA new thermophoretic particle precipitator has been developed for representative and efficient collection of aerosol particles from the ambient air and technological pipelines. The device consists of hot and cold plates (5 × 5 cm2) capable of operation at temperature gradients ranging from 20 000 to 100 000 K/m. A gas sample is made to pass through a 1‐mm slot between the plates at a flow rate of up to 1.5 L/min, which makes the device suitable for operation in conjunction with common aerosol instruments including DMA and diffusion batteries with similar operational flow rates. It was shown that the efficiency of the device was highest for the lowest gas flow rate used (0.3 L/min) reaching a level of above 99%. The efficiency was decreased reaching its minimal values at the highest flow rate investigated (1.5 L/min). However, even for highest flow rate, the average efficiency for removal of particle smaller than 60 nm was around 50%.
The cellular composition of neurogenic periventricular zones in the adult zebrafish forebrain
Authors: Lindsey Benjamin W. , Darabie Audrey , Tropepe Vincent 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA central goal of adult neurogenesis research is to characterize the cellular constituents of a neurogenic niche and to understand how these cells regulate the production of new neurons. Because the generation of adult‐born neurons may be tightly coupled to their functional requirement, the organization and output of neurogenic niches may vary across different regions of the brain or between species. We have undertaken a comparative study of six (D, Vd, Vv, Dm, Dl, Ppa) periventricular zones (PVZs) harboring proliferative cells present in the adult forebrain of the zebrafish (Danio rerio), a species known to possess widespread neurogenesis throughout life. Using electron microscopy, we have documented for the first time the detailed cytoarchitecture of these zones, and propose a model of the cellular composition of pallial and subpallial PVZs, as well as a classification scheme for identifying morphologically distinct cell types. Immunolabeling of resin‐embedded tissue confirmed the phenotype of three constitutively proliferating (bromodeoxyuridine [BrdU]+) cell populations, including a radial glial‐like (type IIa) cell immunopositive for both S100β and glutamine synthetase (GS). Our data revealed rostrocaudal differences in the density of distinct proliferative populations, and cumulative labeling studies suggested that the cell cycle kinetics of these populations are not uniform between PVZs. Although the peak numbers of differentiated neurons were generated after ∼2 weeks among most PVZs, niche‐specific decline in the number of newborn neurons in some regions occurred after 4 weeks. Our data suggest that the cytoarchitecture of neurogenic niches and the tempo of neuronal production are regionally distinct in the adult zebrafish forebrain. J. Comp. Neurol. 520:2275–2316, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Development of New Hydrogenations of Imines and Benign Reductive Hydroaminations: Zinc Triflate as a Catalyst
Authors: Werkmeister Svenja , Fleischer Steffen , Zhou Shaolin , Junge Kathrin , Beller Matthias 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe hydrogenation of imines to amines in the presence of catalytic amounts of zinc triflate has been demonstrated for the first time. In addition, an efficient procedure for the reductive hydroamination of alkynes to amines is presented using zinc triflate as a catalyst precursor. In both protocols a variety of different functional groups are tolerated, and the reactions proceed smoothly in high yields.
General shame and Bodily Shame in Eating Disorders: A 2.5‐Year Longitudinal Study
Authors: Troop Nicholas A. , Redshaw Chloe 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectiveStudies have established a link between shame and eating disorder symptoms but have generally been cross‐sectional or failed to differentiate between general shame and bodily shame. The present study addressed both these issues.DesignThis study used a longitudinal panel design.MethodFifty‐five women with a past or current eating disorder participated. They completed measures of eating pathology, depression, general shame (internal and external) and bodily shame (current feelings of bodily shame as well as bodily shame that is anticipated were the individual to gain weight) and were followed up over 2.5 years.ResultsBodily shame uniquely predicted an increase in anorexic (but not bulimic) symptoms. Current bodily shame predicted an increase in the degree of underweight and the misperception of body size. Anticipated bodily shame predicted an increase in fear of weight gain.DiscussionCurrent versus anticipated bodily shame predicts different anorexic symptoms. Both therefore should be considered in developing interventions and aetiological models of anorexia nervosa. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Toward application of conformal decomposition finite elements to non‐colloidal particle suspensions
Authors: Lechman Jeremy B. , Nemer Martin B. , Noble David R. 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYParticle suspensions play an important role in many engineering applications, yet their behavior in a number of respects remains poorly understood. In conjunction with careful experiments, modeling and simulation of these systems can provide key insight into their complex behavior. However, these two‐phase systems pose the challenge of simultaneously, accurately, and efficiently capturing the complex geometric structure, kinematics, and dynamics of the particulate discrete phase and the discontinuities it introduces into the variables (e.g., velocity, pressure, density) of the continuous phase. To this end, a new conformal decomposition finite element method (CDFEM) is introduced for solid particles in a viscous fluid. The method is verified in several simple test problems that are representative of aspects of particle suspension behavior. In all cases, we find the CDFEM to perform accurately and efficiently leading to the conclusion that it forms a prime candidate for application to the full direct numerical simulation of particle suspensions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pretreatment levels of peripheral neutrophils and lymphocytes as independent prognostic factors in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: He Jian‐Rong , Shen Guo‐Ping , Ren Ze‐Fang , Qin Han , Cui Cui , Zhang Ying , Zeng Yi‐Xin , Jia Wei‐Hua 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the counts and percentages of differential leukocytes as prognostic indicators in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).MethodsThis study consisted of 1410 cases identified from an established prospective cohort of 1533 patients with NPC between October 2005 and October 2007 in the Sun Yat–Sen University Cancer Center. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses were applied.ResultsA high percentage of lymphocyte was significantly associated with a favorable prognosis of NPC (highest vs lowest quartile, hazard ratio [HR], 95% confidence interval [CI] for overall and progression‐free survival, HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.48–1.06; HR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.43–0.86, respectively), whereas a high neutrophil percentage (HR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.06–2.46; HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.10–2.18, respectively), and a neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR; HR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.04–2.39; HR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.19–2.38, respectively), were significantly related to a poor prognosis of NPC.ConclusionPretreatment NLR and percentages of lymphocyte and neutrophil are independent prognostic factors and may serve as clinically convenient and useful biomarkers for survival of patients with NPC. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
High expression of the longevity gene product SIRT1 and apoptosis induction by sirtinol in adult T‐cell leukemia cells
Authors: Kozako Tomohiro , Aikawa Akiyoshi , Shoji Teruhisa , Fujimoto Takahiro , Yoshimitsu Makoto , Shirasawa Senji , Tanaka Hiroaki , Honda Shin‐ichiro , Shimeno Hiroshi , Arima Naomichi , Soeda Shinji 
Published: February 2012

AbstractAdult T‐cell leukemia‐lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive peripheral T‐cell neoplasm that develops after long‐term infection with human T‐cell leukemia virus (HTLV‐1). SIRT1, a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide+‐dependent histone/protein deacetylase, plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, such as aging, metabolism, neurogenesis and apoptosis, owing to its ability to deacetylate numerous substrates, such as histone and NF‐κB, which is implicated as an exacerbation factor in ATL. Here, we assessed how SIRT1 is regulated in primary ATL cells and leukemic cell lines. SIRT1 expression in ATL patients was significantly higher than that in healthy controls, especially in the acute type. Sirtinol, a SIRT1 inhibitor, induced significant growth inhibition or apoptosis in cells from ATL patients and leukemic cell lines, especially HTLV‐1‐related cell lines. Sirtinol‐induced apoptosis was mediated by activation of the caspase family and degradation of SIRT1 in the nucleus. Furthermore, SIRT1 knockdown by SIRT1‐specific small interfering RNA caused apoptosis via activation of caspase‐3 and PARP in MT‐2 cells, HTLV‐1‐related cell line. These results suggest that SIRT1 is a crucial antiapoptotic molecule in ATL cells and that SIRT1 inhibitors may be useful therapeutic agents for leukemia, especially in patients with ATL.
Disulfiram, an old drug with new potential therapeutic uses for human hematological malignancies
Authors: Conticello Concetta , Martinetti Daniela , Adamo Luana , Buccheri Simona , Giuffrida Raffaella , Parrinello Nunziatina , Lombardo Laura , Anastasi Gabriele , Amato Gabriella , Cavalli Maide , Chiarenza Annalisa , De Maria Ruggero , Giustolisi Rosario , Gulisano Massimo , Di Raimondo Francesco 
Published: February 2012

AbstractDisulfiram (DSF) is an aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor currently used for the treatment of alcoholism. Here, we show that multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines and primary cells from newly diagnosed and relapsed/resistant patients affected by MM, acute myeloid and lymphoblastic leukemia are significantly sensitive to DSF alone and in combination with copper. These effects are present at doses lower than those achievable in vivo after DSF standard administration. The cytotoxic effect achieved by this treatment is comparable to that obtained by conventional chemotherapy and is absent in normal hematopoietic cells. In addition, we found that DSF plus copper induces loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, triggers reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and activates executioner caspases. DSF‐copper‐induced apoptosis and caspases activation are strongly reversed by antioxidant N‐acetylcysteine, thus indicating a critical role of ROS. These results might suggest the use of the old drug DSF, alone or in combination with copper, in the treatment of hematological malignancies.
[2.2]Paracyclophane‐Derived Planar‐Chiral Hydrogen‐Bond Receptors
Authors: Schneider Jakob F. , Fröhlich Roland , Paradies Jan 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe development of planar‐chiral hydrogen‐bond donors based on the [2.2]paracyclophane scaffold is discussed. General strategies to access functionalized enantiopure [2.2]paracyclophane derivatives are briefly reviewed, with the focus on suitable precursors for the synthesis of planar‐chiral thiourea derivatives. The synthesis of fourteen hydrogen‐bond donors is described. The interaction of four thiourea derivatives with hydrogen‐bond acceptors (DMSO and tetramethylammonium chloride) was investigated by 1H NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray crystallography. A selection of enantiomerically pure planar‐chiral derivatives was applied in asymmetric hydrogen‐bond catalysis.
Analysis of miniature single‐ and double‐notch bending specimens for estimating the fracture toughness of cortical bone
Authors: McCormack Jordan , Wang Xiang S. , Stover Susan M. , Gibeling Jeffery C. , Fyhrie David P. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractStudies of the fracture behavior of cortical bone have determined multiple toughening mechanisms that are active during propagation of a crack. Common methods for measuring bone fracture toughness use single‐notched specimens often in four‐point (SN4PB) or three‐point bending (SN3PB). A double‐notch four‐point bending (DN4PB) specimen is useful to study prefailure damage at the crack tip. Total failure occurs at one notch and only partial failure at the other allowing study of prefailure damage in the unbroken notch. There is no widely known method for calculating the fracture toughness of bone using a DN4PB specimen. A method for calculating the fracture toughness of cortical bone using a DN4PB is developed here and compared with results for a common SN3PB specimen. The new double‐notch method permits using a single specimen to measure apparent fracture toughness and to study both pre‐ and postfailure microdamage in the bone matrix. When and how to use the new and the established test specimens for understanding bone mechanics is discussed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2012.
SOIL SEED BANK CHARACTERISTICS BENEATH AN AGE SEQUENCE OF CARAGANA MICROPHYLLA SHRUBS IN THE HORQIN SANDY LAND REGION OF NORTHEASTERN CHINA
Authors: Li X. , Jiang D. , Zhou Q. , Oshida T. 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTTo understand how shrub cover affects the spatiotemporal patterns of the soil seed bank and to assess the role of vegetation in the restoration of desertified land in a semi‐arid region of China, we investigated the species composition and seed density of the soil seed bank under and outside the canopies over two seasons for an age sequence of Caragana microphylla shrubs in the Horqin Sandy Land region, Inner Mongolia. The results showed that a total of 24 plant species seeds were present in the soil seed bank, of which 20 were annuals or biennials. The seed densities in the soil seed bank were in the range of 830 – 13882·5 seeds m−2 at 10 cm depth. Species richness in the soil seed bank did not increase as the shrubs aged, whereas the seed densities increased significantly. Five annual species: Setaria viridis, Eragrostis pilosa, Chenopodium acuminatum, Chenopodium glaucum and Corispermum acuminatum, contributed above 90 per cent of the seeds to the soil seed bank. On the basis of seed characteristics and seed reduction amount during the growing season, we concluded that it represents a mixture of persistent and transient seeds in different proportions. More seeds accumulated under the canopies than outside the mature shrub cover, but no significant difference was found the younger cover. These results suggest that shrub size and age had an important role in augmenting seed abundance of the soil seed bank but not the species richness. We confirmed the important effects of shrub cover on seed accumulation and vegetation recovery, especially the value of more mature age vegetation for countering land degradation. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nanocomposites Based on Layered Silicates and Epoxy Resins: Measurement of Clay Dispersion and Exfoliation using TEM, Solid‐State NMR, and X‐ray Diffraction Methods
Authors: Jung Antje , Peter Karin , Demco Dan E. , Jehnichen Dieter , Moeller Martin 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIn an epoxy/layered silicate nanocomposite containing different organically modified layered silicats, the effect of various organic modifications and the layered silicate content on the layer distances are investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) measurements, and 1H solid‐state NMR. TEM micrographs were evaluated using a semi‐quantitative method. The effect of paramagnetic impurities present in the clay is used to obtain overall sample information related to the degree of exfoliation by 1H solid‐state NMR. A new model for determination of the degree of exfoliation by proton longitudinal relaxation rate measurements is developed.
Steam Processing of Regenerated Cellulose Fabric in Concentrated LiCl/Urea Solutions
Authors: Tatárová Ivana , MacNaughtan William , Manian Avinash P. , Široká Barbora , Bechtold Thomas 
Published: February 2012

AbstractRegenerated cellulose fibres exhibit strong swelling in concentrated aqueous LiCl/urea solutions. Dependent on treatment temperature and solution composition, fibre diameter increases from 15 µm at room temperature in water to 46 µm in LiCl/urea solution. Treatment in such solution is an alternative to the processing of regenerated cellulose fibres in alkaline solutions. To limit the amount of swelling solution used, the final concentrated solution is formed in a superheated steam atmosphere at 120–130 °C by water evaporation and equilibration. As a result of the treatments the ability of the fibres to hold dye changes and shrinkage of the fabric is observed, while losses in strength and sample weight are not significant.magnified image
Melt Mixing of a Styrene/Butadiene Copolymer with an Aqueous Slurry of Zirconium Phosphate as a Route for the Preparation of Nanocomposites
Authors: Hung Yvong , Carrot Christian , Chalamet Yvan , Dal Pont Kevin , Espuche Eliane 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe preparation of functional nanocomposites by dispersion of a synthetic lamellar α‐ZrP within a styrene/butadiene random copolymer during melt compounding is described. It is shown how the physical and chemical incompatibility of filler and polymer can be overcome, and problems arising from the low viscosity ratio between slurry and polymer matrix are discussed. The aqueous phase can easily be eliminated at the end of the process. The dispersion of the ZrP requires the use of intercalants, and alkylamines were used for this purpose. XRD and TEM are used to characterize the degree of organization of ZrP in the slurries and in the matrix. DMA helps to understand the origin of the limited reinforcing effect. magnified image
Tubular Polymer Nanoobjects with a Crosslinked Shell and Inward‐Grafted Polymer Brushes
Authors: Gao Lei , Zhu Wen , Zhang Ke , Chen Yongming 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA simple route for preparing robust polymer nanotubes by SI‐ATRP within porous anodic aluminum oxide membranes and subsequent removal of the templates is presented. The nanotubes are composed of a crosslinked poly(styrene‐co‐divinylbenzene) shell and an inwardly grafted functional P4VP or PGMA brush‐like internal surface. The crosslinked skin endows the nanotubes with stability against organic solvents while the inwardly grafted polymer brushes supply the nanotubes with reactivity and functionalities. The inward PGMA hairs are post‐modified with sodium azides to introduce azido groups along tubular internal surfaces which are further reacted with propargyl alcohol. Structure and properties of the nanotubes are studied by SEM, TEM, LSCM, and FT‐IR spectroscopy. magnified image
Synthesis of Poly(methyl methacrylate)‐Grafted Poly(ethylene‐co‐1‐octene) Copolymers by a “Grafting from” Melt Process
Authors: Badel Thierry , Beyou Emmanuel , Bounor‐Legaré Veronique , Chaumont Philippe , Cassagnau Philippe , Flat Jean Jacques , Michel Alain 
Published: February 2012

AbstractGraft copolymers with a poly(ethylene‐co‐1‐octene) backbone and poly(methyl methacrylate) random polymer branches are successfully synthesized by the grafting‐from technique in the molten state. The in situ radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate from the polyolefin backbone is investigated with two different peroxide initiators at 135 and 150 °C, respectively. The number of PMMA grafts per polyolefin chain is varied from 0.08 to 1.07 with PMMA polymerization degrees of 500 and 18, respectively, depending on the experimental conditions. The effect of a nitroxyl‐based radical scavenger (i.e., DEPN) on competition between the grafting of PMMA from the polyolefin backbone and MMA homopolymerization is also explored.magnified image