bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic compression of rabbit adipose‐derived stem cells transfected with insulin‐like growth factor 1 in chitosan/gelatin scaffolds induces chondrogenesis and matrix biosynthesis
Authors: Li Jianjun , Zhao Qun , Wang Enbo , Zhang Chuanhui , Wang Guangbin , Yuan Quan 
Published: July 2011

AbstractArticular cartilage is routinely subjected to mechanical forces and growth factors. Adipose‐derived stem cells (ASCs) are multi‐potent adult stem cells and capable of chondrogenesis. In the present study, we investigated the comparative and interactive effects of dynamic compression and insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) on the chondrogenesis of rabbit ASCs in chitosan/gelatin scaffolds. Rabbit ASCs with or without a plasmid overexpressing of human IGF‐1 were cultured in chitosan/gelatin scaffolds for 2 days, then subjected to cyclic compression with 5% strain and 1 Hz for 4 h per day for seven consecutive days. Dynamic compression induced chondrogenesis of rabbit ASCs by activating calcium signaling pathways and up‐regulating the expression of Sox‐9. Dynamic compression plus IGF‐1 overexpression up‐regulated expression of chondrocyte‐specific extracellular matrix genes including type II collagen, Sox‐9, and aggrecan with no effect on type X collagen expression. Furthermore, dynamic compression and IGF‐1 expression promoted cellular proliferation and the deposition of proteoglycan and collagen. Intracellular calcium ion concentration and peak currents of Ca2+ ion channels were consistent with chondrocytes. The tissue‐engineered cartilage from this process had excellent mechanical properties. When applied together, the effects achieved by the two stimuli (dynamic compression and IGF‐1) were greater than those achieved by either stimulus alone. Our results suggest that dynamic compression combined with IGF‐1 overexpression might benefit articular cartilage tissue engineering in cartilage regeneration. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 2003–2012, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Expression of receptors for VEGFs on normal human thyroid follicular cells and their role in follicle formation
Authors: Susarla Radhika , Gonzalez Ana‐Maria , Watkinson John C. , Eggo Margaret C. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractHuman thyroid follicular cells in culture expressed the mRNAs for the receptors for vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFRs). The relative expression was neuropilin1 = neuropilin2 = VEGFR2 > VEGFR1 > VEGFR3. Western blotting for VEGFR2 showed labeling of proteins ∼200–230 kDa. Clonal follicular thyroid cell lines (FRTL5 and FTC133) also expressed mRNAs for the VEGFR1 and 2 obviating concerns of endothelial cell contamination. In the primary cultures, TSH, which is essential for expression of differentiated function, reduced VEGFR2 mRNA levels by 60%. Immunostaining for VEGFRs and neuropilin2 (NRP2), showed expression on the plasma membrane but with the exception of neuropilin1 (NRP1), all VEGFRs were also found in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Antibody specific for phosphotyrosine 1214 in VEGFR2 showed that the receptor was phosphorylated in the primary cultures and the cell lines. When VEGFR signaling was blocked with a specific inhibitor, follicle formation in the primary cultures was enhanced suggesting that VEGFR activation was detrimental to follicle formation. Immunostaining of sections of normal thyroids and various pathologies showed staining for VEGFR2 and pVEGFR2. We conclude that normal thyroid follicular cell express VEGFRs. For VEGFR2 its subcellular localization suggests functions additional to that of a cell surface receptor and a role in follicular integrity. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 1992–2002, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Essential role of ubiquitin C‐terminal hydrolases UCHL1 and UCHL3 in mammalian oocyte maturation
Authors: Mtango Namdori R. , Sutovsky Miriam , VandeVoort Catherine A. , Latham Keith E. , Sutovsky Peter 
Published: July 2011

AbstractUbiquitin C‐terminal hydrolases (UCHs) comprise a family of deubiquitinating enzymes that play a role in the removal of multi‐ubiquitin chains from proteins that are posttranslationally modified by ubiquitination to be targeted for proteolysis by the 26S proteasome. The UCH‐enzymes also generate free monomeric ubiquitin from precursor multi‐ubiquitin chains and, in some instances, may rescue ubiquitinated proteins from degradation. This study examined the roles of two oocyte‐expressed UCHs, UCHL1, and UCHL3 in murine and rhesus monkey oocyte maturation. The Uchl1 and Uchl3 mRNAs were highly expressed in GV and MII oocytes, and were associated with the oocyte cortex (UCHL1) and meiotic spindle (UCHL3). Microinjection of the UCH‐family enzyme inhibitor, ubiquitin‐aldehyde (UBAL) to GV oocytes prevented oocyte meiotic progression beyond metaphase I in a majority of treated oocytes and caused spindle and first polar body anomalies. Injection of antibodies against UCHL3 disrupted oocyte maturation and caused meiotic anomalies, including abnormally long meiotic spindles. A selective, cell permeant inhibitor of UCHL3, 4, 5, 6, 7‐tetrachloroidan‐1, 3‐dione also caused meiotic defects and chromosome misalignment. Cortical granule localization in the oocyte cortex was disrupted by UBAL injected after oocyte maturation. We conclude that the activity of oocyte UCHs contributes to oocyte maturation by regulating the oocyte cortex and meiotic spindle. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 2022–2029, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Up‐regulation of heat shock protein 70‐1 (Hsp70‐1) in human limbo‐corneal epithelial cells cultivated on amniotic membrane: A proteomic study
Authors: Ma David Hui‐Kang , Lai Jui‐Yang , Yu Szu‐Tzu , Liu Jia‐Ye , Yang Unique , Chen Hung‐Chi Jesse , Yeh Lung‐Kung , Ho Yi‐Ju , Chang Grace , Wang Su‐Fang , Chen Jan‐Kan , Lin Ken‐Kuo 
Published: July 2011

AbstractTransplantation of cultivated human limbo‐corneal epithelial (HLE) cells has been recognized as an effective stem cell (SC) therapy for treating corneal epithelial SC deficiency caused by burn or other diseases. With this technique, cryo‐preserved human intact amniotic membrane (IAM) has been successfully used as a cell culture substrate and carrier, and is reported to preferentially preserve HLE stem/progenitor cells in vitro. However, little is known about what factors released by HLE cells are involved in the progenitor cell‐preserving mechanism. Using proteomic method, we identified 13 proteins over‐expressed by HLE cells cultured on IAM, which included heat shock protein 70‐1 (Hsp70‐1), Hsp‐27, glutathione (GSH) S‐transferase, annexin A2, galectin‐7, and protein S100‐A9. Increased Hsp70‐1 expression was confirmed by Western blot and real‐time PCR. The role of Hsp70‐1 in promoting HLE cell survival was demonstrated by increased apoptosis index and increased cleaved poly ADP‐ribose polymerase (CPARP) formation in hsp70‐1‐silenced, but not normal HLE cells after exposure to sublethal UVB irradiation or hydrogen peroxide. To understand the regulatory mechanism of Hsp70‐1 expression in HLE cells, the role of transcription factor deltaNp63 (a well‐recognized HLE stem cell; SC marker) was studied. We found that over‐expression of deltaNp63α by plasmid vector induced a corresponding increase in Hsp70‐1 protein production. Likewise, Hsp70‐1 expression decreased in HLE cells after addition of deltaNp63α SiRNA. Immunoconfocal microscopy also revealed a paralleled expression of both proteins in corneal specimens. Thus, deltaNp63α‐associated Hsp70‐1 over‐expression may promote HLE progenitor cell survival on IAM, possibly through the cytoprotective and anti‐apoptotic effect of Hsp70‐1. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 2030–2039, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Efficient generation of functional hepatocyte‐like cells from human fetal hepatic progenitor cells in vitro
Authors: Zhang Weitao , Li Weihong , Liu Baoqing , Wang Ping , Li Wen , Zhang Haiyan 
Published: July 2011

AbstractDifferentiation of human hepatic progenitor cells to functional hepatocytes holds great potential to develop new therapeutic strategies for liver disease and to provide a platform for drug toxicity screens and identification of novel pharmaceuticals. We report here that human fetal hepatic progenitor cells (hFHPCs) efficiently differentiate to hepatocyte‐like cells by continuous exposure to a combination of soluble factors for 7 days in vitro. We compared the effect of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), oncostatin M (OSM), dexamethasone (DEX), or a combination on the expression of a liver‐specific marker, albumin (ALB). Real‐time RT‐PCR analysis showed that, upon exposure to a combination of OSM, DEX, and HGF, the expression of ALB gradually increased in a time‐dependent manner. In contrast, the level of the hepatic progenitor cell marker alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) decreased as differentiation progressed. Moreover, cells exposed to the combination of OSM, DEX, and HGF gradually featured highly differentiated hepatic functions, including ALB secretion, glycogen storage, urea production, and cytochrome P450 (CYP) activity. The effect of these factors on the differentiation of hFHPCs may be blocked by U0126, an inhibitor of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. In conclusion, we demonstrate that a combination of soluble factors facilitates the efficient generation of highly differentiated hepatocyte‐like cells from hFHPCs and ERK1/2 signaling pathway involved in this process. Results suggest that this system will be useful for generating functional hepatocytes and, hence, may serve as a cell source suitable for preclinical pharmacological research and testing. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 2051–2058, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gastric volume changes in response to a meal: Validation of magnetic resonance imaging versus the barostat
Authors: Haans Jeoffrey J.L. , de Zwart Ingrid M. , Eilers Paul H.C. , Reiber Johan H.C. , Doornbos Joost , de Roos Albert , Masclee Ad A.M. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractPurpose:To determine the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) volume scans: 1) to measure known meal volumes in vitro, and 2) to compare volume changes in response to a meal measured with the barostat with those measured with MRI in vivo.Materials and Methods:Polyethylene bags were filled with known volumes and MRI volume scans were performed to determine the accuracy of the volume measurements. Barostat measurements and MRI volume scans were performed simultaneously in 14 healthy subjects before and up to 90 minutes after ingestion of a liquid meal.Results:In vitro MRI‐determined volumes showed an excellent linear relationship (r = 0.995, P < 0.001) with actual meal volumes. Although fasting gastric volume, postprandial gastric volume, and relaxation volume measured with MRI were significantly larger compared to volumes measured with the barostat, volumes determined with both techniques showed excellent correlation.Conclusion:Volumes in the range of postprandial meal volumes are accurately measured with MRI. MRI is a noninvasive technique to measure stomach volumes and volume changes in response to a meal. Volume changes in response to a meal measured with MRI correlate perfectly with those measured with the barostat device. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Diagnostic possibility of diffusion tensor imaging for the evaluation of myometrial invasion in endometrial cancer: An ex vivo study
Authors: Toba Mikayo , Miyasaka Naoyuki , Sakurai Urara , Yamada Ichiro , Eishi Yoshinobu , Kubota Toshiro 
Published: July 2011

AbstractPurpose:To investigate the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for evaluating the myometrial invasion of uterine endometrial cancer.Materials and Methods:Twelve specimens of uterine endometrial cancer were obtained. The depth of myometrial invasion was classified as stage E (limited to the endometrium; n = 4), stage S (superficial invasion of less than 50% of the myometrium; n = 5), or stage D (deep invasion of greater than 50% of the myometrium; n = 3). The specimens were fixed in 10% formalin and stored at 4°C before imaging. At 15 hours after fixation, MRI was performed using a 4.7‐T experimental imager/spectrometer system.Results:We found a high fractional anisotropy (FA) value zone (anisotropic zone) at the myometrium adjacent to the tumor on FA maps of histopathological stage S and stage D cancers, whereas the anisotropic zone did not exist in stage E cancers. Histopathological analysis showed that compared to the other regions, the anisotropic zone had tightly packed stromal tissue. The disruption of the anisotropic zone was consistent with myometrial invasion.Conclusion:Our ex vivo study suggests that DTI might be a useful tool for the diagnosis of myometrial invasion of uterine endometrial cancer ex vivo. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In situ active control of noise in a 4 T MRI scanner
Authors: Li Mingfeng , Rudd Brent , Lim Teik C. , Lee Jing‐Huei 
Published: July 2011

AbstractPurpose:To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed active noise control (ANC) system for the reduction of the acoustic noise emission generated by a 4 T MRI scanner during operation and to assess the feasibility of developing an ANC device that can be deployed in situ.Materials and Methods:Three typical scanning sequences, EPI (echo planar imaging), GEMS (gradient echo multislice), and MDEFT (modified driven equilibrium Fourier transform), were used for evaluating the performance of the ANC system, which was composed of a magnetic compatible headset and a multiple reference feedforward filtered‐x least mean square controller.Results:The greatest reduction, about 55 dB, was achieved at the harmonic at a frequency of 1.3 kHz in the GEMS case. Approximately 21 dB and 30 dBA overall reduction was achieved for GEMS noise across the entire audible frequency range. For the MDEFT sequence, the control system achieved 14 dB and 14 dBA overall reduction in the audible frequency range, while 13 dB and 14 dBA reduction was obtained for the EPI case.Conclusion:The result is highly encouraging because it shows great potential for treating magnetic resonance imaging noise with an ANC application during real‐time scanning. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Test–retest repeatability of MR elastography for noninvasive liver fibrosis assessment in hepatitis C
Authors: Shire Norah J. , Yin Meng , Chen Jun , Railkar Radha A. , Fox‐Bosetti Sabrina , Johnson Stephanie M. , Beals Chan R. , Dardzinski Bernard J. , Sanderson Schuyler O. , Talwalkar Jayant A. , Ehman Richard L. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractPurpose:To conduct a rigorous evaluation of the repeatability of liver stiffness assessed by MR elastography (MRE) in healthy and hepatitis‐C‐infected subjects.Materials and Methods:A biopsy‐correlated repeatability study using four‐slice MRE was conducted in five healthy and four HCV‐infected subjects. Subjects were scanned twice on day 1 and after 7–14 days. Each slice was acquired during a 14‐s breath‐hold with a commercially available acquisition technique (MR‐Touch, GE Healthcare). Results were analyzed by two independent analysts.Results:The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.85 (90% confidence interval [CI]: 0.71 to 0.98) for the between‐scan average of maximum stiffness within each slice and 0.88 (90% CI: 0.78 to 0.99) for the average of mean stiffness within each slice for the primary analyst. For both analysts, the average of the mean liver stiffness within each slice was highly reproducible with ICC of 0.93 and 0.94. Within‐subject coefficients of variation ranged from 6.07% to 10.78% for HCV+ and healthy subjects.Conclusion:MRE is a highly reproducible modality for assessing liver stiffness in HCV patients and healthy subjects and can discriminate between moderate fibrosis and healthy liver. MRE is a promising modality for noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis (Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00896233). J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Morphine studied by vibrational spectroscopy and DFT calculations
Authors: Baranska M. , Kaczor A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractMorphine is a highly potent opiate analgesic drug considered to be the prototypical opioid. It is metabolized in the body to morphine‐3‐O‐glucuronide, which is antagonistic to the analgesic effects of the drug. Other forms of morphine of biological activity are salts used in medical dosing. In order to investigate morphine, its metabolite and salts and as well as pharmaceutical product, Fourier transform (FT) infrared and Raman spectroscopy were used. Experimental spectra of morphine were interpreted with the help of quantum‐chemical calculations performed at the B3LYP/6‐311 + + G(d,p) level. The results presented in this study provide clear evidence of the benefits of Raman and IR spectroscopy in alkaloid analysis, which can be used for efficient quality control, forensic analysis and analytical chemistry. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A planetary environment and analysis chamber (PEACh) for coordinated Raman–LIBS–IR measurements under planetary surface environmental conditions
Authors: Sobron Pablo , Wang Alian 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA planetary environment and analysis chamber (PEACh) has been developed at Washington University in St. Louis, in order to perform in situ multiple spectroscopic measurements on geological samples under relevant planetary environmental conditions and to support future planetary missions, with particular interest on Mars. The pressure in the chamber can range from ambient to 3 × 10−2 mbar. The simulated atmospheric composition and pressure are regulated via a combination of needle and ball valves connecting the chamber with containers filled with premixed gas. The temperature of the samples can be controlled in a range from ambient to − 100 °C. The in situ analytical techniques implemented (and to be implemented) are laser Raman spectroscopy, laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), near‐IR reflectance spectroscopy, mid‐IR attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy, and microscopic imaging. The coordinated spectroscopic sensing on the same geological sample under well‐controlled atmospheric conditions in the PEACh establishes a way to link the results from the laboratory experiments to the spectral data obtained by landed and orbital planetary exploration missions, which will facilitate understanding the surface processes by which mineral phases occur and their association with atmospheric changes. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transcriptional upregulation of MT2‐MMP in response to hypoxia is promoted by HIF‐1α in cancer cells
Authors: Zhu Shikai , Zhou Yu , Wang Lin , Zhang Jianjun , Wu Hanqing , Xiong Jiongxin , Zhang Jinghui , Tian Yuan , Wang Chunyou , Wu Heshui 
Published: July 2011

AbstractHypoxia is a critical event in solid tumor development, invasion, and metastasis. Cellular adaptation to hypoxic microenvironment is essential for tumor progression and is largely mediated by hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) through coordinated regulation of hypoxia‐responsive genes. In this study, we found that membrane type‐2 matrix metalloproteinase (MT2‐MMP), one of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family members, was a novel hypoxia‐responsive gene and was upregulated by HIF‐1α under hypoxia. When cancer cells were subjected to hypoxia (1% O2) treatment, the mRNA and protein levels of MT2‐MMP were significantly increased in a time‐dependent manner in all three tested cancer cell lines including pancreatic cancer cells (PANC‐1), nonsmall cell lung cancer cells (A‐549), and cervix cancer cells (HeLa). Further analyses indicated that there were two hypoxia‐responsive elements (HREs) in the MT2‐MMP promoter, and HRE1 but not HRE2 was essential for MT2‐MMP transcriptional activation under hypoxia. HIF‐1α specifically and directly bound to MT2‐MMP promoter was analyzed by HIF‐1α binding/competition and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays. Furthermore, we found that upregulation of MT2‐MMP under hypoxia could confer resistance to hypoxia‐induced apoptosis and increase invasiveness of cancer cells. These findings provided a new insight into how cancer cells overcome hypoxic stress and trend to survive and invade, demonstrated a new regulatory mechanism of MT2‐MMP expression in caner cells, and also revealed that MT2‐MMP was a novel hypoxia‐responsive gene and was upregulated by HIF‐1α under hypoxia. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Novel cyano derivative of 11‐Keto‐β‐Boswellic acid causes apoptotic death by disrupting PI3K/AKT/Hsp‐90 cascade, mitochondrial integrity, and other cell survival signaling events in HL‐60 cells
Authors: Khan Sheema , Kaur Rajbir , Shah Bhahwal A. , Malik Fayaz , Kumar Ajay , Bhushan Shashi , Jain S.K. , Taneja Subhash C. , Singh Jaswant 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIntervention of apoptosis is a promising strategy for discovery of novel anti‐cancer therapeutics. In this study, we examined the ability of a novel cyano derivative of 11‐keto‐β‐boswellic acid, that is, butyl 2‐cyano‐3,11‐dioxours‐1,12‐dien‐24‐oate (BCDD) to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. BCDD inhibited cell proliferation with 48 h IC50 of 0.67 µM in HL‐60, 1 µM in Molt4, and 1.5 µM in THP1 cells. The mechanism of cell death was investigated in HL‐60 cells where it caused apoptosis by acting against several potential apoptosis suppressive targets. It inhibited phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase (PI3K)/AKT activity, NF‐κB, Hsp‐90, and survivin which may enhance the sensitivity of cells to apoptosis. Also, BCDD decreased the activity of Bid and Bax in cytosol, caused ΔΨmt loss, releasing pro‐apoptotic cytochrome c, SMAC/DIABLO leading to caspase‐9‐mediated down stream activation of caspase‐3, ICAD, and PARP1 cleavage. Translocation of apoptotis‐inducing factor (AIF) from mitochondria to the nucleus indicated some caspases‐independent apoptosis. Though it upregulated DR‐5 and caspase‐8, the caspase inhibitor yet had no effect on apoptosis as against 75% inhibition by caspase‐9 inhibitor. Attempts were made to examine any acclaimed role of AIF in the activation of caspase‐8 using siRNA where it had no effect on caspase‐8 activity while the Bax‐siRNA inhibited caspase‐3 activation suggesting predominance of intrinsic signaling. Our studies thus demonstrated that BCDD exerts multi‐focal action in cancer cells while it required 10‐fold higher the concentration to produce cytotoxicity in normal human PBMC and gingival cell line, and therefore, may find usefulness in the management of human leukemia. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.