bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fit to a T:
Authors: Amato Sarah 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT
This article considers how spray-on clothing made by Fabrican Ltd. might illuminate and complicate our understandings of craft, commodity fetishism, and object agency. Fabrican is a chemical substance that is sprayed onto the body to create a garment. I am interested in the ways this fabric appears seamless, self-made, and organic; it ostensibly removes the labor and skill associated with handcrafted and machineproduced textiles and, when worn, resembles a second skin, both concealing and revealing the body underneath. In so doing it brings into sharp focus the complex ways we relate to clothing as an object of production and consumption.
“Old Time Mem'ry”:
Authors: Williams Kristen A. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT
This project seeks to put material culture, craft, and community in conversation with the long-standing American mythology of self-sufficiency referenced not only in elite discourse by the founding statesmen of the United States but also in contemporary popular iterations of the “Green” and urban homesteading movements. Indeed, many of the individuals involved in these movements identify not only as artists but also as advocates of a form of social activism referred to as “craftivism” that explicitly links this American iconographic tradition of self-sufficiency to contemporary mandates for a politics of sustainability, particularly in urban life. Accordingly, I examine the ways in which urban craftivists are preserving and/or reintroducing traditional folkways ranging from subsistence farming to blacksmithing and welding, hand-sewing, knitting and crocheting, and film photography. Offering specific case studies related to these practices, I argue that practitioners of contemporary American craftivisms lean heavily on discourses of memory and tradition, as well as on the material practices and folkways associated therewith, but do so with the intention of creating a new world order that embraces both local and global perspectives as well as resources to support a politics of ethical production reconciling discourses of “tradition” and “sustainability” within the United States and abroad.
Collection of Clinical and Epidemiological Data for Genetic Linkage and Association Studies
Authors: Farrer Lindsay , Logue Mark 
Published: January 2012

AbstractModern gene‐mapping can include linkage studies, which correlate the presence of disease to broad genomic regions in either small or large family units, and association studies, which can narrow the location of a disease‐predisposing trait to a single gene using either case‐control or family data. This unit provides an overview of key concepts and presents guidelines for collecting diagnostic, epidemiological, and genealogical data from potential study participants. The commentary discusses the use of publicly available data from online resources, methods for evaluating evidence of genetic versus environmental influences in a disease or disease‐related endophenotype, and use of e‐forms to capture data electronically.Curr. Protoc. Hum. Genet. 72:1.1.1‐1.1.20 © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Molecular Diagnosis of Hearing Loss
Authors: Brown Kerry K. , Rehm Heidi L. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis unit discusses an approach to identifying a genetic etiology in an individual with nonsyndromic hearing loss. The unit begins with a discussion of the decision‐making process that can be used to determine whether specific genes and/or a large gene panel should be used for molecular diagnosis of a patient presenting with nonsyndromic hearing loss. Next, two protocols are presented: (1) a full gene‐sequencing assay to identify mutations in theGJB2gene (encoding connexin 26), the most common cause of congenital hearing loss, and (2) an assay to detect the presence of the GJB6‐D13S1830 deletion, a 342‐kb deletion that causes hearing loss in homozygosity or in combination with a singleGJB2mutation. Finally, the unit ends with a strategy for determining the clinical significance of the test results, which can be challenging given the extensive genetic heterogeneity associated with hearing loss.Curr. Protoc. Hum. Genet. 72:9.16.1‐9.16.16 © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Positive and Negative Effects of Monitoring Popular Films for Historical Inaccuracies
Authors: Umanath Sharda , Butler Andrew C. , Marsh Elizabeth J. 
Published: January 2012

SummaryHistory educators often use popular films in the classroom to teach critical thinking through an exercise that involves identifying historical inaccuracies in the films. We investigated how this exercise affects the acquisition of true and false historical knowledge. In two experiments, subjects studied texts about historical topics and watched clips from corresponding films. Each film contained one piece of information that contradicted the text (i.e. misinformation). Some subjects received instructions to monitor for inaccuracies in the films. After a delay, they were tested on the texts. Monitoring instructions did not reduce subjects' acquisition of misinformation, and even when subjects successfully detected the inaccuracies, they sometimes still reproduced the misinformation. However, when they received feedback about the inaccuracies, the production of misinformation was substantially reduced. Overall, these findings indicate that educators should provide feedback when using popular films for this critical thinking exercise so that students do not acquire false knowledge. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Glucose 1‐Phosphate Thymidylyltransferase in the Synthesis of Uridine 5′‐Diphosphate Galactose and its Application in the Synthesis ofN‐Acetyllactosamine
Authors: Chien Wei‐Ting , Liang Chien‐Fu , Yu Ching‐Ching , Lin Jian‐ Hong , Wu Haung‐Ting , Lin Chun‐Cheng 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIn this study, we describe the direct synthesis of uridine 5′‐diphosphate galactose (UDP‐Gal) by a wild‐type bacterial thymidylyltransferase (RmlA), which is used to synthesize thymidine 5′‐diphosphate glucose (TDP‐glucose) in nature. By using magnesium (Mg2+) as a cofactor and a reaction temperature of 55 °C, a one hundred milligram‐scale synthesis of UDP‐Gal was achieved by RmlA. In addition, RmlA was site‐specifically and covalently immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPa) The resulting RmlA‐MNP complex retained almost 95% of its activity after reuse in ten consecutive enzyme assays. Furthermore, β‐1,4‐galactosyltransferase (GalT) fromNeisseria meningitideswas successfully overexpressed and purified by using an intein‐mediated protein expression system. GalT was relatively stable at 25 °C, and its activity was enhanced in the presence of DTT and BSA. Thus, it was feasible to synthesizeN‐acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) using RmlA and GalT in a sequential addition of enzyme and adjustment of thereaction temperature. These results demonstrate the potential applications of bacterial RmlA in carbohydrate synthesis.
Stereochemical Outcome of the Biocatalysed Reduction of Activated Tetrasubstituted Olefins by Old Yellow Enzymes 1–3
Authors: Brenna Elisabetta , Gatti Francesco G. , Monti Daniela , Parmeggiani Fabio , Serra Stefano 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe ene‐reductase‐mediated reactions of (E)‐ and (Z)‐stereoisomers of tetrasubstituted activated alkenes were performed by means of isolated old yellow enzymes (OYEs) 1–3. The comprehension of the resulting data required a careful analysis of the stereochemical course of this kind of reaction. The investigation of the bioreduction of tetrasubstituted alkenes allowed us to appreciate the contribution of several factors (configuration of the starting alkene, mechanism of hydrogen addition, substrate binding mode) to the overall stereochemistry of the reaction.
Production, Characterization and Synthetic Application of a Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase from Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Ubiali Daniela , Serra Carla D. , Serra Immacolata , Morelli Carlo F. , Terreni Marco , Albertini Alessandra M. , Manitto Paolo , Speranza Giovanna 
Published: January 2012

AbstractPurine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) from Aeromonas hydrophila encoded by the deoD gene has been over‐expressed in Escherichia coli, purified, characterized about its substrate specificity and used for the preparative synthesis of some 6‐substituted purine‐9‐ribosides. Substrate specificity towards natural nucleosides showed that this PNP catalyzes the phosphorolysis of both 6‐oxo‐ and 6‐aminopurine (deoxy)ribonucleosides. A library of nucleoside analogues was synthesized and then submitted to enzymatic phosphorolysis as well. This assay revealed that 1‐, 2‐, 6‐ and 7‐modified nucleosides are accepted as substrates, whereas 8‐substituted nucleosides are not. A few transglycosylation reactions were carried out using 7‐methylguanosine iodide (4) as a D‐ribose donor and 6‐substituted purines as acceptor. In particular, following this approach, 2‐amino‐6‐chloropurine‐9‐riboside (2c), 6‐methoxypurine‐9‐riboside (2d) and 2‐amino‐6‐(methylthio)purine‐9‐riboside (2g) were synthesized in very high yield and purity.
Generation of 11‐Fluoro‐11H‐indeno[1,2‐c]quinolines via a Palladium‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Reaction of 2‐Alkynylbromobenzenes, 2‐Alkynylanilines, and N‐Fluorobenzenesulfonimide
Authors: Pan Xiaolin , Luo Yong , Liu Gang , Pu Shouzhi , Wu Jie 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA novel and efficient synthesis of 11‐fluoro‐11H‐indeno[1,2‐c]quinolines has been developed via a palladium‐catalyzed three‐component reaction of 2‐alkynylbromobenzenes, 2‐alkynylanilines, and N‐fluorobenzenesulfonimide. The reaction works well with high selectivity. Additionally, the diversity and complexity could be easily introduced via a simple operation from readily available starting materials. In the meantime, a fluorine atom could be incorporated into the scaffold during the reaction process.
Efficient and Selective Hydrosilylation of Carbonyl Compounds Catalyzed by Iron Acetate and N‐Hydroxyethylimidazolium Salts
Authors: Buitrago Elina , Tinnis Fredrik , Adolfsson Hans 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAromatic aldehydes, along with aryl alkyl, heteroaryl alkyl, and dialkyl ketones were efficiently reduced to their corresponding primary and secondary alcohols, respectively, in high yields, using the commercially available and inexpensive polymeric silane, polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS), as reducing agent. The reaction is catalyzed by in situ generated iron complexes containing hydroxyethyl‐functionalized NHC ligands. Turnover frequencies up to 600 h−1 were obtained.
Dynamic models of metabolism: Review of the cybernetic approach
Authors: Ramkrishna Doraiswami , Song Hyun‐Seob 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe cybernetic approach to metabolic modeling tracing its progress from its early beginnings to its current state with regard to its relationship to other modeling approaches, applications to bioprocess modeling, metabolic engineering, and future prospects are described. The framework is shown to handle large metabolic networks in making dynamic predictions from limited data with looming prospects of extending to genome scale networks. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
Optimal integration of nuclear energy and water management into the oil sands operations
Authors: Betancourt‐Torcat Alberto , Elkamel Ali , Ricardez‐Sandoval Luis 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAn energy optimization model is presented that includes nuclear energy and water management into the oil sands industry. The proposed model determines the most suitable configuration of energy commodities and oil producers for a given oil production scenario at minimum cost while meeting environmental constraints. The proposed model was validated using data reported in the literature for the future oil sands operations in 2030. Likewise, the proposed integrated energy optimization model was used to determine the 2030 oil sands operations using recent information reported in the literature. The results show that the energy model is a practical tool that can be used to evaluate future oil production scenarios, identify the key parameters that affect the oil sands operations, and can also be used for planning and scheduling of the energy and oil producers for this industry. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
Integrated scheduling and dynamic optimization of batch processes using state equipment networks
Authors: Nie Yisu , Biegler Lorenz T. , Wassick John M. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA systematic framework for the integration of short‐term scheduling and dynamic optimization (DO) of batch processes is described. The state equipment network (SEN) is used to represent a process system, where it decomposes the process into two basic kinds of entities: process materials and process units. Mathematical modeling based on the SEN framework invokes both logical disjunctions and operational dynamics; thus the integrated formulation leads to a mixed‐logic dynamic optimization (MLDO) problem. The integrated approach seeks to benefit the overall process performance by incorporating process dynamics into scheduling considerations. The solution procedure of an MLDO problem is also addressed in this article, where MLDO problems are translated into mixed‐integer nonlinear programs using the Big M reformulation and the simultaneous collocation method. Finally, through two case studies, we show advantages of the integrated approach over the conventional recipe‐based scheduling method. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
Preparation of a macroporous silica–pyridine multidentate material and its adsorption behavior for some typical elements
Authors: Zhang Anyun , Xue Wenjing , Chai Zhifang 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA new macroporous silica‐based‐polymer (SiO2‐P) soft ligand composite material, 2,6‐bis(5,6‐di(iso‐butyl)‐1,2,4‐triazine‐3‐yl)pyridine (BDIBTP/SiO2‐P), was synthesized by impregnation and immobilization of BDIBTP and 1‐octanol molecules into the pores of the SiO2‐P particles. The impact of some typical alkali metal and alkaline earths Cs(I), Na(I), K(I), Rb(I), Sr(II), and Ba(II) containing in highly active liquid waste (HLW) on the adsorption of Pd(II) onto BDIBTP/SiO2‐P was studied. It was performed by examining the effects of contact time and the HNO3 concentration in the range of 0.3–7.0 M. BDIBTP/SiO2‐P showed strong adsorption ability and high selectivity for Pd(II) over all the tested metals. The chromatographic partitioning of Pd(II) from a simulated HLW solution was conducted by BDIBTP/SiO2‐P packed column. Pd(II) was effectively eluted with 0.2 M thiourea–0.1 M HNO3. The others showed no adverse impact on separation of Pd(II). The results are beneficial to partitioning of minor actinides and Pd(II) together from HLW by BDIBTP/SiO2‐P in the MPS process developed. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
Understanding temperature dependency of hydrogen solubility in ionic liquids, including experimental data in [bmim][Tf2N]
Authors: Raeissi Sona , Peters Cor J. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractPreviously unavailable high‐pressure solubility data of hydrogen in 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide has been measured experimentally up to temperatures and pressures of 450 K and 15 MPa, respectively. In contrast to CO2 solubility, H2 tends to dissolve better in the ionic liquid at higher temperatures. This “inverse” temperature effect has been studied from a thermodynamic perspective and the underlying reason for this effect is explained. It is shown that the negative P‐T slope is not limited to this particular binary mixture, but is the typical behavior in most, if not all, H2 + ionic liquid systems. However, there is a certain range of temperatures, pressures, and concentrations in which this phenomenon occurs. By predicting the Scott‐van Konynenburg phase diagram for systems of H2 + ionic liquids to be of type III, it is shown how and why the solubility increases with temperature in some regions, but decreases in others. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
Prediction of TMCH thermal hazard with various calorimetric tests by green thermal analysis technology
Authors: Tseng Jo‐Ming , Lin Jian‐Zhi , Lee Chuan‐Chen , Lin Chun‐Ping 
Published: January 2012

Abstract1,1,‐Di‐(tert‐butylperoxy)‐3,3,5‐trimethylcyclohexane (TMCH), a liquid organic peroxide, has been widely used in the chemical industry as a polymerization initiator. The thermokinetic parameters of TMCH are investigated by three types of calorimetric tests (isothermal, nonisothermal, and adiabatic) to determine thermal decomposition properties of TMCH using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) isothermal tests, DSC nonisothermal tests, and vent sizing package 2 adiabatic tests, respectively. Comparisons of three kinds of thermal analysis models were done for kinetics simulation, which can result in a beneficial kinetic model and parameters of thermal decomposition of TMCH. The use of green technology to replace the complex methods and energy consumption of the traditional self‐accelerating decomposition temperature tests are discussed. There are significant disadvantages with traditional thermal analysis methods in terms of a novel, swift, and green technology, which is the achieved object here for preventing pollution and reducing energy consumption. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J,, 2012
A combined computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experimental approach to quantify the adhesion force of bacterial cells attached to a plane surface
Authors: Boulbene Benjamin , Morchain Jérôme , Bonin Muriel Mercier , Janel Sébastien , Lafont Frank , Schmitz Philippe 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA three‐dimensional model is developed to study the laminar shear flow past a bacterial cell attached to a plane surface. The induced hydrodynamic forces and torque exerted on the cell are computed to clarify the prevailing mechanisms involved in the detachment of model bacteria. Results are discussed in terms of drag and torque magnitude as a function of the angles defining the orientation of the cell. It is shown that reorientation and rolling of spheroid‐shaped cells are favored. It is also confirmed that rod‐shaped cells would tend to lie on the surface and become aligned with the flow. The model is used to quantify the adhesion force of spheroid Bacillus cereus spores to stainless steel, deduced from previously described experiments in a shear stress flow chamber. The magnitude of the predicted adhesion force is close to that obtained using atomic force microscopy under similar experimental conditions. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
The neuroanatomy of genetic subtype differences in Prader–Willi syndrome
Authors: Honea Robyn A. , Holsen Laura M. , Lepping Rebecca J. , Perea Rodrigo , Butler Merlin G. , Brooks William M. , Savage Cary R. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractDespite behavioral differences between genetic subtypes of Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS), no studies have been published characterizing brain structure in these subgroups. Our goal was to examine differences in the brain structure phenotype of common subtypes of PWS [chromosome 15q deletions and maternal uniparental disomy 15 (UPD)]. Fifteen individuals with PWS due to a typical deletion [(DEL) type I; n = 5, type II; n = 10], eight with PWS due to UPD, and 25 age‐matched healthy‐weight individuals (HWC) participated in structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. A custom voxel‐based morphometry processing stream was used to examine regional differences in gray and white matter volume (WMV) between groups, covarying for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). Overall, compared to HWC, PWS individuals had lower gray matter volumes (GMV) that encompassed the prefrontal, orbitofrontal and temporal cortices, hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus, and lower WMVs in the brain stem, cerebellum, medial temporal, and frontal cortex. Compared to UPD, the DEL subtypes had lower GMV primarily in the prefrontal and temporal cortices, and lower white matter in the parietal cortex. The UPD subtype had more extensive lower gray and WMVs in the orbitofrontal and limbic cortices compared to HWC. These preliminary findings are the first structural neuroimaging findings to support potentially separate neural mechanisms mediating the behavioral differences seen in these genetic subtypes. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Advances in tryptophan hydroxylase‐2 gene expression regulation: New insights into serotonin–stress interaction and clinical implications
Authors: Chen Guo‐Lin , Miller Gregory M. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractSerotonin (5‐HT) modulates the stress response by interacting with the hormonal hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and neuronal sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) is the rate‐limiting enzyme in 5‐HT biosynthesis, and the recent identification of a second, neuron‐specific TPH isoform (TPH2) opened up a new area of research. While TPH2 genetic variance has been linked to numerous behavioral traits and disorders, findings on TPH2 gene expression have not only reinforced, but also provided new insights into, the long‐recognized but not yet fully understood 5‐HT–stress interaction. In this review, we summarize advances in TPH2 expression regulation and its relevance to the stress response and clinical implications. Particularly, based on findings on rhesus monkey TPH2 genetics and other relevant literature, we propose that: (i) upon activation of adrenal cortisol secretion, the cortisol surge induces TPH2 expression and de novo 5‐HT synthesis; (ii) the induced 5‐HT in turn inhibits cortisol secretion by modulating the adrenal sensitivity to ACTH via the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN)‐SNS‐adrenal system, such that it contributes to the feedback inhibition of cortisol production; (iii) basal TPH2 expression or 5‐HT synthesis, as well as early‐life experience, influence basal cortisol primarily via the hormonal HPA axis; and (iv) 5′‐ and 3′‐regulatory polymorphisms of TPH2 may differentially influence the stress response, presumably due to their differential roles in gene expression regulation. Our increasing knowledge of TPH2 expression regulation not only helps us better understand the 5‐HT–stress interaction and the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders, but also provides new strategies for the treatment of stress‐associated diseases. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Der “unparteiische” Ansatz: Strategien zur Entwicklung von racemischen chiralen Katalysatoren
Authors: Evans Louise A. , Hodnett Neil S. , Lloyd‐Jones Guy C. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractDie asymmetrische Katalyse ist in erster Linie mit der Anwendung von enantiomerenreinen chiralen Liganden und Katalysatoren verbunden. Obwohl racemische chirale Katalysatoren in relativ großem Umfang in Polymerisationen eingesetzt wurden, blieben sie in der organischen Synthese und Katalysatorentwicklung bisher weitgehend außen vor. Dieser Kurzaufsatz trägt verschiedene Aspekte der strategischen Anwendung von racemischen Liganden und Katalysatoren zusammen, angefangen von der Abschätzung ihrer Selektivität und Bestimmung des Enantiomerenüberschusses, über die regio‐ und stereochemische Kontrolle von Reaktionsverläufen, bis hin zu mechanistischen Studien. Die Ausführungen lassen klar erkennen, dass der “unparteiische” Ansatz, ob für sich allein oder in Verbindung mit enantiomerenreinen Katalysatoren, vielversprechende Perspektiven bietet.