bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SCIENCE, PROPERTY, AND KINSHIP IN REPATRIATION DEBATES
Authors: Kirsch Stuart 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA striking feature of debates concerning the disposition of Native American human remains is their invocation of the conventional domains of science, property, and kinship. Strong political claims about repatriation tend to assert the primacy of one domain over the others. Yet in contemporary North American social contexts, these domains have heterarchical relations in which no single perspective dominates, rather than hierarchical relations organized by a fixed ranking system. Resolving disputes in heterarchical systems requires negotiation across domains rather than privileging one domain. This comment examines how the relationships between these domains influence debates on repatriation. It also sheds light on how Americans make political claims.
CONSTRUCTING, COMMODIFYING, AND CONSUMING INVENTED ETHNIC PROVENANCE AMONG ROMANIAN ROMA
Authors: Berta Péter 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis article deals with contemporary examples of fraud in the trade of silver beakers and tankards that are defined as valuable prestige goods by two Roma groups living in central Romania―the Gabor Roma and the Cărhar Roma. It demonstrates how some Gabor Roma construct an invented ethnic provenance for silver objects purchased on the European antiques market to sell them for profit to wealthy Cărhar Roma as precious Gabor family heirlooms. I discuss the techniques of fabricating a history of ownership for these pieces (symbolic patina), aging their surfaces (material patina), and manipulating the context of these transactions. The analysis reveals how the politics of object authenticity function and how the artificially created ethnic provenance attributed to commodities has been converted into financial gain in socialist and postsocialist Romania.
THE NATURE OF DIFFERENCE: Forging Arab Asia at the American Museum of Natural History
Authors: Sachedina Amal 
Published: September 2011

AbstractSince 9/11, an increasing number of educational initiatives have called for facilitating intercultural understanding and knowledge of the Arab world. In terms of defusing conflict across cultural and religious lines, toleration is regarded as a key virtue, although this concept is not confined to a post‐9/11 world. Inaugurated in 1980, the Hall of Asian Peoples at the American Museum of Natural History was designed with such an end in mind. The exhibition is framed by contradictory strands woven from the beliefs and ambitions of the curator, collector, and sponsors. An exploration of these themes enables us to analyze how culture itself is defined and politicized within a rubric of toleration. Furthermore, an examination of the exhibition hall's captions, labels, and catalogues reveals how an ethic of toleration can also become a means of regulating boundaries and creating a hierarchy of differences, and thereby generating a troubling political and intellectual undercurrent. From these subtexts, I aim to unravel the political and intellectual dimensions inherent in the process of forging representations of Asia, specifically “Arab Asia.”
On the lookout for precursor lesions: where does dry skin end and slight hand eczema begin?
Authors: Baumeister Thomas , Uter Wolfgang , Weistenhöfer Wobbeke , Drexler Hans , Kütting Birgitta 
Published: September 2011

Background. The prognosis of occupational hand eczema is strongly associated with its duration, severity, and the onset of treatment.Objectives. The study was aimed at characterizing skin eruptions that might be potential precursors of occupational hand eczema, their pattern, and typical sites in a population at moderate risk of hand eczema.Patients/Materials/Methods. Eight hundred German male metal workers took part in a structured interview focused on their medical history combined with a dermatological examination of their hands, by use of the quantitative Hand Eczema Score for Occupational Screenings, with follow‐up 1 year later.Results. The most frequent lesions were erythema (91.8%), lichenification (98.8%), crusting (70%), and scaling (35%); all other lesions were relatively rare (15%). The distribution of lesions remained stable between baseline and follow‐up. The areas most affected were knuckles, palms, and finger shafts (excluding tips). Interdigital regions were uncommonly affected in this sample.Conclusions. Erythema, lichenification, and crusting, indicating constant skin ‘strain’, can be regarded as precursor lesions for slight hand eczema, and should be monitored quantitatively. As other occupations, for example hairdressing, have different predilection sites, it can be concluded that the pattern of occupational hand eczema is strongly influenced by the distinct strain profile of an occupation.
Evaluation of the clinical efficacy of a betaine‐containing mouthwash and an intraoral device for the treatment of dry mouth
Authors: López‐Jornet Pia , Camacho‐Alonso Fabio , Rodriguez‐Aguado Consuelo 
Published: September 2011

J Oral Pathol Med (2012) 41: 201–206Objective:  An evaluation is made of the efficacy and safety of an intraoral device with a betaine (BET)‐containing mouthwash in treating xerostomia.Methods:  A total of 105 patients with dry mouth (xerostomia) were included in a randomized, non‐blinded, parallel‐group, controlled clinical trial. The patients were assigned to one of the three groups: A (night guard), B (mouthwash), or C (night guard and mouthwash). A xerostomia questionnaire was administered, and unstimulated salivary flow was measured. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) – 14 was assessed. All measurements were taken before and after treatment, which had a duration of 4 weeks. The patients in turn completed a treatment satisfaction questionnaire.Results:  Ninety patients (eight men and 82 women) completed the study. All three treatments alleviated the symptoms of xerostomia, with improvement in the OHIP‐14 scores and sialometry findings. There were no adverse effects. Patient satisfaction with the treatment received showed no statistically significant differences among the three groups; though, the patients in group A considered treatment to have been extremely beneficial in 10% of the cases, while 43% considered it to have been beneficial.Conclusions:  The daily use of a night guard and BET‐containing mouthwash was seen to improve dry mouth during the 4‐week duration of the study.
Immunomodulatory Properties of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Cytokines and Factors
Authors: Soleymaninejadian Ehsan , Pramanik Krishna , Samadian Esmaeil 
Published: September 2011

Citation Soleymaninejadian E, Pramanik K, Samadian E. Immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells: cytokines and factors. Am J Reprod Immunol 2012; 67: 1–8Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are defined as undifferentiated cells that are capable of self renewal and differentiation into several cell types such as chondrocyte, adipocyte, osteocyte, myocyte, hepatocyte, and neuron‐like cells. MSC can be isolated from bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, adipose tissue, placenta, periosteum, trabecular bone, synovium, skeletal muscle, and deciduous teeth. Immunomodulatory of MSCs is one of the important issues nowadays, because this aspect can be clinically applied for graft‐versus‐host and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we tried to discuss in detail about cytokines and factors such as members of the transforming growth factor superfamily (transforming growth factor‐β), hepatic growth factors (HGF), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), IL‐10, indolamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO), nitric oxide (NO), heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1), and human leukocyte antigen‐G (HLA‐G) that are involved in immunomodulatory of MSCs.
Sound and vibration: effects on infants’ heart rate and heart rate variability during neonatal transport
Authors: Karlsson Björn‐Markus , Lindkvist Marie , Lindkvist Markus , Karlsson Marcus , Lundström Ronnie , Håkansson Stellan , Wiklund Urban , van den Berg Johannes 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAim:  To measure the effect of sound and whole‐body vibration on infants’ heart rate and heart rate variability during ground and air ambulance transport.Methods:  Sixteen infants were transported by air ambulance with ground ambulance transport to and from the airports. Whole‐body vibration and sound levels were recorded and heart parameters were obtained by ECG signal.Results:  Sound and whole‐body vibration levels exceeded the recommended limits. Mean whole‐body vibration and sound levels were 0.19 m/s2 and 73 dBA, respectively. Higher whole‐body vibration was associated with a lower heart rate (p < 0.05), and higher sound level was linked to a higher heart rate (p = 0.05). The heart rate variability was significantly higher at the end of the transport than at the beginning (p < 0.01). Poorer physiological status was associated with lower heart rate variability (p < 0.001) and a lower heart rate (p < 0.01). Infants wearing earmuffs had a lower heart rate (p < 0.05).Conclusions:  Sound and whole‐body vibration during neonatal transport exceed recommended levels for adults, and sound seem to have a more stressful effect on the infant than vibrations. Infants should wear earmuffs during neonatal transport because of the stress‐reducing effect.
EFFECT OF GLUCOCORTICOID ADMINISTRATION ON ADRENAL GLAND SIZE AND SONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE IN BEAGLE DOGS
Authors: Pey Pascaline , Daminet Sylvie , Smets Pascale MY , Duchateau Luc , Travetti Olga , Saunders Jimmy H. 
Published: September 2011

Our aim was to evaluate the influence of glucocorticoids on the adrenal gland using ultrasonography. Eleven healthy beagles were used in a prospective placebo‐controlled study. All dogs received hydrocortisone at 10 mg/kg twice a day per os for 4 months or a gelatin capsule twice a day per os as a placebo. Clinical and endocrinologic examination of the dogs and ultrasonographic evaluation of adrenal echogenicity, shape, and measurement of the length and height of the cranial and caudal pole were performed at baseline (T0), at 1 (T1) and 4 months (T4) after the beginning of treatment, and 2 months after the end of the treatment including 1 month of tapering and 1 month without treatment (T6). The dogs were assigned randomly to the glucocorticoid (n = 6) and placebo groups (n = 5). At T1, the difference between the two groups for the height of the cranial and caudal pole was not ultrasonographically remarkable despite a statistically significant difference (P = 0.0165 andP = 0.0206). Decreased height and length of entire gland were observed at T4 (P < 0.0001,P = 0.0015, andP = 0.0035, respectively). Percentages of atrophy were variable between dogs. Both adrenal glands regained normal size and shape 1 month after cessation of glucocorticoid administration. As not all dogs developed marked adrenal gland atrophy and the degree of atrophy varied widely between individuals, ultrasonography cannot be the technique of choice to detect iatrogenic hypercortisolism. Ultrasonographic changes are reversible within 1 month after the end of glucocorticoid administration.
Structural and biochemical characterization of the inhibitor complexes of xenotropic murine leukemia virus‐related virus protease
Authors: Li Mi , Gustchina Alla , Matúz Krisztina , Tözsér Jozsef , Namwong Sirilak , Goldfarb Nathan E. , Dunn Ben M. , Wlodawer Alexander 
Published: September 2011

Interactions between the protease (PR) encoded by the xenotropic murine leukemia virus‐related virus and a number of potential inhibitors have been investigated by biochemical and structural techniques. It was observed that several inhibitors used clinically against HIV PR exhibit nanomolar or even subnanomolar values of Ki, depending on the exact experimental conditions. Both TL‐3, a universal inhibitor of retroviral PRs, and some inhibitors originally shown to inhibit plasmepsins were also quite potent, whereas inhibition by pepstatin A was considerably weaker. Crystal structures of the complexes of xenotropic murine leukemia virus‐related virus PR with TL‐3, amprenavir and pepstatin A were solved at high resolution and compared with the structures of complexes of these inhibitors with other retropepsins. Whereas TL‐3 and amprenavir bound in a predictable manner, spanning the substrate‐binding site of the enzyme, two molecules of pepstatin A bound simultaneously in an unprecedented manner, leaving the catalytic water molecule in place.Structured digital abstract
XMRVPR and XMRVPR bind by x‐ray crystallography (View interaction)
Predictors of Sexual Bother in a Population of Male North American Medical Students
Authors: Smith James F. , Breyer Benjamin N. , Shindel Alan W. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The prevalence and associations of sexual bother in male medical students has not been extensively studied.

Aims
The aim of this study is to analyze predictors of sexual bother in a survey of male North American medical students.

Methods
Students enrolled in allopathic and osteopathic medical schools in North America between February 2008 and July 2008 were invited to participate in an internet-based survey of sexuality and sexual function.

Main Outcome Measures
The principle outcome measure was a single-item question inquiring about global satisfaction with sexual function. The survey also consisted of a questionnaire that included ethnodemographic factors, student status, sexual history, and a validated scale for the assessment of depression. Respondents completed the International Index of Erectile Function, the premature ejaculation diagnostic tool, and the Self-Esteem and Relationship Quality survey (SEAR). Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and multivariable logistic regression were utilized to analyze responses.

Results
There were 480 male subjects (mean age 26.3 years) with data sufficient for analysis. Forty-three (9%) reported sexual bother. Sexual bother was significantly more common in men with erectile dysfunction (ED), high risk of premature ejaculation (HRPE), depressive symptoms, and lower sexual frequency. However, after multivariate analysis including SEAR scores, ED, and HRPE were no longer independently predictive of sexual bother. Higher scores for all domains of the SEAR were associated with lower odds of sexual bother.

Conclusions
ED and HRPE are associated with sexual bother in this young and presumably healthy population. However, after controlling for relationship factors neither ED nor HRPE independently predicted sexual bother. It is plausible to hypothesize that sexual dysfunction from organic causes is rare in this population and is seldom encountered outside of relationship perturbations. Attention to relationship and psychological factors is likely of key importance in addressing sexual concerns in this population.
Adrenomedullin Mediates Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cell-induced Restoration of Erectile Function in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Nishimatsu Hiroaki , Suzuki Etsu , Kumano Shintaro , Nomiya Akira , Liu Miao , Kume Haruki , Homma Yukio 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a major health problem. It is known that diabetic patients are more refractory to common treatments for ED.

Aim
To explore the better treatment for ED, we examined the effects of adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) on ED using a diabetic rat model. We also analyzed the cytokines produced by ASC and implicated in ASC-induced restoration of erectile function.

Methods
Male Wistar rats were injected with streptozotocin (STZ) to induce diabetes. ASC or adenoviruses were injected into the penis 6 weeks after STZ administration. Erectile function, penile histology and protein expression were analyzed 4 weeks after the injection of ASC or adenoviruses.

Main Outcome Measures
Intracavernous pressure and mean arterial pressure were measured to evaluate erectile function. The morphology of the penis was analyzed by Elastica van Gieson stain and immunohistochemistry. The expression of proteins specific for vascular endothelial cells (VEC) was assessed by Western blot analysis.

Results
ASC restored erectile function especially when they were cultured in medium containing growth factors for VEC. This restoration was associated with improvement in the histology of the cavernous body, and increased expression of VEC markers such as VE-cadherin and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). When the expression of adrenomedullin (AM), a vasoactive peptide originally isolated from human pheochromocytoma tissue, was knocked down, the effect of ASC on ED was significantly diminished. Knockdown of AM was associated with decreased expressions of VE-cadherin and eNOS. Furthermore, overexpression of AM induced by adenovirus infection significantly improved erectile function in these diabetic rats. Overexpression of AM was associated with increased expressions of VE-cadherin and eNOS.

Conclusions
These results suggested that ASC have the potentials to restore erectile function and that AM produced by ASC plays a major role in the restoration of erectile function.
Preoperative Dialysis for Liver Transplantation in Methylmalonic Acidemia
Authors: Kamei Koichi , Ito Shuichi , Shigeta Takanobu , Sakamoto Seisuke , Fukuda Akinari , Horikawa Reiko , Saito Osamu , Muguruma Takashi , Nakagawa Satoshi , Iijima Kazumoto , Kasahara Mureo 
Published: September 2011

AbstractDialysis immediately before liver transplantation for patients with methylmalonic academia (MMA) with the mut0 mutation is considered to be necessary to reduce plasma methylmalonic acid (MMA) levels and prevent metabolic decompensation for a successful surgical outcome; however, this has not yet been conclusively confirmed. Ten pediatric patients underwent living donor liver transplantation at the National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan. Seven patients received dialysis immediately before surgery, but the three most recent patients did not receive dialysis. We monitored plasma MMA levels and evaluated metabolic status during the perioperative period. Plasma MMA levels of patients who received preoperative dialysis were significantly decreased. However, lactic acidosis developed in two patients during surgery. One of the patients who had decreased renal function suffered from severe lactic acidosis after the transplantation and died on post operative day 44. In the three patients who did not receive preoperative dialysis, high plasma MMA levels persisted, but they did not develop metabolic decompensation. Their plasma MMA levels gradually decreased after transplantation. Our results indicated that reducing MMA with preoperative dialysis does not decrease the risk of metabolic decompensation. We will need to evaluate whether preoperative dialysis is necessary for the success of surgery with more cases in the future. Adequate perioperative glucose infusion and careful lactate monitoring are pivotal for success.
Liver involvement during influenza infection: perspective on the 2009 influenza pandemic
Authors: Papic Neven , Pangercic Ana , Vargovic Martina , Barsic Bruno , Vince Adriana , Kuzman Ilija 
Published: September 2011

Please cite this paper as: Papic et al. (2011) Liver involvement during influenza infection: perspective on the 2009 influenza pandemic. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 6(3), e2–e5.Elevation of liver transaminase levels is a frequent observation during systemic infections. The aim of our study was to investigate liver damage during pandemic 2009 influenza A/H1N1 infection in comparison with seasonal influenza. Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) were significantly higher in patients with pandemic influenza compared to seasonal influenza, which was strongly correlated with hypoxia. Moreover, a positive correlation between C‐reactive protein and serum GGT, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase was noticed. Our findings support the hypothesis that the pandemic 2009 influenza A/H1N1 is an illness with a significant immune response to infection leading to hepatocellular injury.
Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus in households with young children
Authors: Peltola Ville , Teros‐Jaakkola Tamara , Rulli Maris , Toivonen Laura , Broberg Eeva , Waris Matti , Mertsola Jussi 
Published: September 2011

Please cite this paper as: Peltola et al. (2011) Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus in households with young children. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 6(3), e21–e24.AbstractBackground  Influenza viruses may cause a severe infection in infants and young children. The transmission patterns of pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1) within households with young children are poorly characterized.Methods  Household members of six children younger than 1·5 years with documented 2009 influenza A (H1N1) infection were studied by daily symptom diaries and serial parent‐collected nasal swab samples for detection of influenza A by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) assay.Results  Laboratory‐confirmed, symptomatic influenza was documented in 11 of 15 household contacts of young children with pandemic influenza (73%; 95% CI, 48–99). In five contact cases symptoms started earlier, in three cases on the same day, and in three cases after the onset of symptoms in the youngest child. The first case with influenza A (H1N1) within the household was an elder sibling in two households, father in two households, the youngest child in one household, and the youngest child at the same time with a sibling in one household. The median copy number of influenza virus was higher in children than in adults (4·2 × 107 versus 4·9 × 104, P = 0·02).Conclusions  This study demonstrates the feasibility of nasal swab sampling by parents in investigation of household transmission of influenza. The results support influenza vaccination of all household contacts of young children.
Overexpression of the Immunoreceptor CD300f Has a Neuroprotective Role in a Model of Acute Brain Injury
Authors: Peluffo Hugo , Alí‐Ruiz Daniela , Ejarque‐Ortíz Aroa , Heras‐Alvarez Victor , Comas‐Casellas Emma , Martínez‐Barriocanal Agueda , Kamaid Andres , Alvarez‐Errico Damiana , Negro Maria Luciana , Lago Natalia , Schwartz Jr Simó , Villaverde Antonio , Sayós Joan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIt is well known that cell surface immune receptors play a critical role in regulating immune and inflammatory processes in the central nervous system (CNS). We have analyzed the function of cluster of differentiation (CD)300f immunoreceptor in a model of excitotoxic rat brain damage. First, to explore the presence of endogenous ligand(s) for this receptor we used a human CD300f‐Ig soluble protein and confocal microscopy, showing specific staining mainly in CNS white matter and on the surface of oligodendrocytes and certain astrocytes. Next, we demonstrated in a model of in vivo rat brain excitotoxic damage that the overexpression of human CD300f induced a significant reduction in the lesion volume. To validate these results, we cloned the rat ortholog of CD300f protein (rCD300f). The overexpression of rCD300f receptor had a comparable neuroprotective effect after the acute brain injury and a similar CNS staining pattern when stained with the rCD300f‐Ig soluble protein. Interestingly, when we analyzed the expression pattern of rCD300f in brain cells by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, we detected the expression of CD300f as expected in microglial cells, but also in oligodendrocytes and neurons. These data suggest that the neuroprotective role of CD300f would be the result of a complex network of cell interactions.