bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pressure–volume–temperature data and surface tension of blends of poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(methyl acrylate) in the melt
Authors: Pfefferkorn Dirk , Sonntag Sven , Kyeremateng Samuel O. , Funke Zofia , Kammer Hans‐Werner , Kressler Jörg 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe pressure–volume–temperature behavior of miscible blends of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA) was studied over extended ranges of temperature and pressure. From pressure–volume–temperature data, the reduction parameters for the Flory‐Orwoll‐Vrij equation‐of‐state were determined. It was found that reduction parameters as well as density, thermal expansion coefficient, and isothermal compressibility vary with composition in a nonlinear manner. The surface tension of the blends in the molten state was measured over the whole composition range using the sessile drop method. The surface tension was found to display negative deviation from additivity pointing toward a remarkable surface excess of PMA. Moreover, surface tension displays a minimum in the range of low PEO content at weight fraction of ∼0.19. In addition, the temperature coefficient of surface tension shows negative deviation from linearity. It stays constant when PMA is in excess. Results are discussed in terms of equation‐of‐state thermodynamics. The minimum of surface tension can be well explained by weak self‐association of PEO in the bulk. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 1893–1900, 2010
Efficiency droop in nitride‐based light‐emitting diodes
Authors: Piprek Joachim 
Published: July 2010

AbstractNitride‐based light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) suffer from a reduction (droop) of the internal quantum efficiency with increasing injection current. This droop phenomenon is currently the subject of intense research worldwide, as it delays general lighting applications of GaN‐based LEDs. Several explanations of the efficiency droop have been proposed in recent years, but none is widely accepted. This feature article provides a snapshot of the present state of droop research, reviews currently discussed droop mechanisms, contextualizes them, and proposes a simple yet unified model for the LED efficiency droop.magnified image
Illustration of LED efficiency droop (details in Fig. 13).
Stability of ferromagnetism within the time‐dependent Gutzwiller approximation for the Hubbard model
Authors: Günther F. , Seibold G. , Lorenzana J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWe study the problem of itinerant ferromagnetism (FM) in one‐, two‐ and infinite‐dimensional Hubbard models. Our investigations are based on the time‐dependent Gutzwiller approximation (TDGA) which allows for the derivation of a generalized ‘GA Stoner criterion’ for the instability towards ferromagnetic, but also antiferromagnetic and incommensurate magnetic order. After having established magnetic phase boundaries we investigate the stability of FM by including the effect of transverse fluctuations.We also compute the spin‐wave velocity in the ferromagnetic phase and compare our results with other approaches like HF + RPA Stoner theory. Our investigations reveal that even in the fully polarized ferromagnetic phase the TDGA yields a renormalized excitation spectrum with respect to Stoner theory although the double occupancy vanishes in this case.
An assessment of the kernel‐distance‐based multivariate control chart through an industrial application
Authors: Gani Walid , Taleb Hassen , Limam Mohamed 
Published: July 2010

AbstractTraditional multivariate quality control charts assume that quality characteristics follow a multivariate normal distribution. However, in many industrial applications the process distribution is not known, implying the need to construct a flexible control chart appropriate for real applications. A promising approach is to use support vector machines in statistical process control. This paper focuses on the application of the ‘kernel‐distance‐based multivariate control chart’, also known as the ‘k‐chart’, to a real industrial process, and its assessment by comparing it to Hotelling's T2 control chart, based on the number of out‐of‐control observations and on the Average Run Length. The industrial application showed that the k‐chart is sensitive to small shifts in mean vector and outperforms the T2 control chart in terms of Average Run Length. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of horizontal machining center field failure data based on generalized linear mixed model—a case study
Authors: Liu Fanmao , Zhu Haiping , Shao Xinyu , Gao Guibing 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn order to assess the operational reliability of the horizontal machining center (HMC), field failure data for 14 HMCs over one year are collected from an engine plant of a large automobile manufacturing company in China. In contrast with the usual approach, which just pools the data from all copies under the assumption that each copy is modeled by the same power law processes (PLP), a new model based on the generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) is proposed for analyzing the failure data from all copies of HMC. A basic idea of this method is to assume heterogeneity among all copies of HMC; it is also found that the underlying model for each individual copy is a PLP model with different shape parameters and scale parameters in the GLMM model. This method can make inferences about both the population and each individual copy. Meanwhile, the modified Anderson–Darling test is adapted to the goodness‐of‐fit test of the model. The results of the analysis suggest that this method is effective to analyze reliability of HMC. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Shewhart and EWMA t control charts for short production runs
Authors: Celano Giovanni , Castagliola Philippe , Trovato Enrico , Fichera Sergio 
Published: July 2010

AbstractShort‐run productions are common in manufacturing environments like job shops, which are characterized by a high degree of flexibility and production variety. Owing to the limited number of possible inspections during a short run, often the Phase I control chart cannot be performed and correct estimates for the population mean and standard deviation are not available. Thus, the hypothesis of known in‐control population parameters cannot be assumed and the usual control chart statistics to monitor the sample mean are not applicable. t‐charts have been recently proposed in the literature to protect against errors in population standard deviation estimation due to the limitation of available sampling measures. In this paper the t‐charts are tested for implementation in short production runs to monitor the process mean and their statistical properties are evaluated. Statistical performance measures properly designed to test the chart sensitivity during short runs have been considered to compare the performance of Shewhart and EWMA t‐charts. Two initial setup conditions for the short run fixing the population mean exactly equal to the process target or, alternatively, introducing an initial setup error influencing the statistic distribution have been modelled. The numerical study considers several out‐of‐control process operating conditions including one‐step shifts for the population mean and/or standard deviation. The obtained results show that the t‐charts can be successfully implemented to monitor a short run. Finally, an illustrative example is presented to show the use of the investigated t charts. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improving the performance of CUSUM charts
Authors: Riaz Muhammad , Abbas Nasir , Does Ronald J. M. M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe control chart is an important statistical technique that is used to monitor the quality of a process. Shewhart control charts are used to detect larger disturbances in the process parameters, whereas CUSUM and EWMA charts are meant for smaller and moderate changes. Runs rules schemes are generally used to enhance the performance of Shewhart control charts. In this study, we propose two runs rules schemes for the CUSUM charts. The performance of these two schemes is compared with the usual CUSUM, the weighted CUSUM, the fast initial response CUSUM and the usual EWMA schemes. The comparisons revealed that the proposed schemes perform better for small and moderate shifts, whereas they reasonably maintain their efficiency for large shifts as well. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A theoretical study of semiclassic models: Toward a quantum mechanical representation of chemical processes
Authors: Crespo R. , Piqueras M.‐C. , Aulló J. M. , Tapia O. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractCASPT2 level of theory and aug‐cc‐pV6Z atomic basis set for hydrogen and 6 base states is sufficient to accurately reproduce the historical calculations of Kolos‐Wolniewicz for H21Σ potential energy curve. We found that for H + H process experimental and adiabatic theory results are contradictory. By analyzing different levels of semiclassic theory, we identify the nature of the failure. We propose an approximate scheme that may bridge semiclassic to QM model. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011
Source—destination obfuscation in wireless ad hocnetworks
Authors: Hayajneh Thaier , Doomun Razvi , Krishnamurthy Prashant , Tipper David 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe identity and/or location of communicating entities in wireless ad hocnetworks is extremely important due to the potential of their being identified and subsequently subjected to cyber or physical attacks. In this paper, we show that a global attacker who can eavesdrop on the overall data transmissions and count them can simply visualize the transmissions and infer contextual information. Current approaches to obfuscate the locations of source and destinations do not provide protection against such attacks. We propose two novel techniques (1) SECLOUD: Source and Destination Seclusion using Clouds to obfuscate the true source/destination nodes and make them indistinguishable among a group of neighbor nodes, and (2) ANONYRING: Anonymous Ring which hides the source/destination nodes within a group of nodes that form a ring. Both proposed techniques work well even under network‐wide traffic visualization by a global attacker. Furthermore the proposed techniques are shown viasimulation to be superior to existing schemes in the literature. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of wind power in autonomous power systems—power fluctuations—modelling and control issues
Authors: Margaris Ioannis D. , Hansen Anca D. , Cutululis Nicolaos A. , Sørensen Poul , Hatziargyriou Nikos D. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis paper describes a detailed modelling approach to study the impact of wind power fluctuations on the frequency control in a non‐interconnected system with large‐scale wind power. The approach includes models for wind speed fluctuations, wind farm technologies, conventional generation technologies, power system protection and load. Analytical models for wind farms with three different wind turbine technologies, namely Doubly Fed Induction Generator, Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator and Active Stall Induction Generator‐based wind turbines, are included. Likewise, analytical models for diesel and steam generation plants are applied. The power grid, including speed governors, automatic voltage regulators, protection system and loads is modelled in the same platform. Results for different load and wind profile cases are being presented for the case study of the island Rhodes, in Greece. The scenarios studied correspond to reference year of study 2012. The effect of wind fluctuations in the system frequency is studied for the different load cases, and comments on the penetration limits are being made based on the results. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Computer security
Authors: Gollmann Dieter 
Published: July 2010

AbstractComputer security encompasses concepts and methods for protecting sensitive resources in computer systems. Computer security starts from the policies that regulate access to protected resources. In technology, the focus is on mechanisms for enforcing these policies. We will put various enforcement mechanisms into context with the policies and the IT architectures they were originally designed for. We will also briefly touch on network security and conclude with remarks on security evaluation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.This article is categorized under:Algorithms and Computational Methods > Networks and Security
Thiosemicarbazone Derivatives of Copper(I): Influence of Substituents (R) at N1 Atom of [(C5H4N)HC2=N3N2H‐C1(=S)N1HR] in the Formation of 1D or 2D Networks of Copper(I) Complexes
Authors: Lobana Tarlok S. , Sharma Rekha , Castiñeiras Alfonso , Butcher Ray Jay 
Published: July 2010

AbstractCopper(I) halides with N1‐substituted pyridine‐2‐carbaldehyde thiosemicarbazones [(C5H4N)HC2=N3N2H‐C1(=S)N1HR] in the presence of Ph3P have formed complexes of stoichiometry, [CuX(Hpytsc‐N1HR)(Ph3P)2] [X, R; Br, Me (1); Br, Et (2), Cl, Ph (3·CH3CN)]. All these complexes are characterised by elemental analysis, IR and NMR (1H, 31P) spectroscopy and X‐ray crystallography. The role of substituents at N1 atom of pyridine‐2‐carbaldehyde thiosemicarbazones in intermolecular interactions in copper(I) complexes is described. A 1D polymer of compound 1 is formed by intermolecular CH(methyl)···π(py) interactions. The hydrogen atoms of EtN1H and ethyl group interact with the phenyl ring of PPh3 {via EtN1H···π(Ph), H2CH(Et)···π(Ph)} to form a 1D polymer of 2. A 2D sheet arrangement of compound 3 is formed by pyridyl–phenyl (CH(py)···π(Ph)) interactions along the a axis and phenyl–phenyl [CH(Ph)···π(Ph)] interactions (phenyl at N1 with phenyl of PPh3) along the b axis.
Differences in distribution patterns around river confluences among hydrophilic vegetation groups
Authors: Osawa Takeshi , Mitsuhashi Hiromune , Niwa Hideyuki , Ushimaru Atushi 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn riparian areas, the distribution patterns of plant species are generally considered to depend on their flooding tolerance. Areas around river confluences are known to experience frequent and/or strong flooding events and provide diverse habitats for plants in riparian areas. However, the degree to which hydrophilic vegetation types increase their distribution around confluences may depend on their flooding tolerance. To test this hypothesis, we compared patch numbers and total areas of ten vegetation groups between confluences and single‐flow areas. The vegetation groups were classified on the basis of life form and morphology of dominant species. Additionally, we compared total area of natural bare ground (an index of flooding disturbance) between confluences and single‐flow areas. We found that patch numbers of annual grass, forb, and vine, perennial grass and forb, and riparian forest vegetation, as well as total areas of annual forb and vine, perennial grass and forb, bamboo and riparian forest vegetation, and natural bare ground, were greater around river confluences than in single‐flow areas. On the other hand, patch numbers of shrub vegetation and total areas of annual grass, perennial vine, willow, and shrub vegetation decreased around confluences. These results suggest that confluences enhance diverse, but not all, types of habitat for hydrophilic vegetation. Thus, river confluences are a key element in maintaining diverse riparian vegetation.
Diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and health care use in people with and without schizophrenia
Authors: Bresee L.C. , Majumdar S.R. , Patten S.B. , Johnson J.A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractPurposeTo compare the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (CV-RF) and disease (CV-D) and health care use in people with and without schizophrenia.Subjects/materials and methodsData from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS), cycle 3.1, were used. Prevalence of CV-RF, CV-D, and health care use were compared in those with and without schizophrenia using logistic regression analysis. Sampling weights and bootstrap variance estimates were used to account for survey design.ResultsA total of 399 (0.3%) people with schizophrenia were identified and compared to 120,044 (97.7%) people without. Individuals with schizophrenia were significantly more likely to be obese (34.8% vs. 15.6%) and report diabetes (11.9% vs. 5.3%). After accounting for sociodemographic variables, schizophrenia was not independently associated with diabetes (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.86; 0.49–1.51). Individuals with schizophrenia were more likely to be hospitalized (21.9% vs. 8.0%; aOR: 2.37; 95% CI: 1.51–3.74) but no more likely to visit their physician (86.7% vs. 85.7%; aOR: 1.23; 95% CI: 0.65–2.35).Discussion/conclusionOur findings suggest that people with schizophrenia access the primary health care system at least as frequently as someone without schizophrenia, and the opportunity for management of modifiable CV-RF exists in this vulnerable population.
THE LOCATION OF PALESTINE IN GLOBAL COUNTERINSURGENCIES
Authors: Khalili Laleh 
Published: July 2010

I begin with a pair of narratives:[Jenin] itself showed signs of the Government's wrath. It was in a shocking state, having the appearance of a front-line town in a modern war. Huge gaps were visible between the blocks of buildings and houses, while piles of rubble lay across the streets. . . . Many men had been arrested and detained, while many buildings, including shops and offices, had been demolished as a punitive measure by the military.On the fourth day, they managed to enter [the Jenin camp] because . . . this giant tank could simply run over booby traps, especially since they were very primitive booby traps. Once the army took over our street, they started shooting missiles from the air. On the fifth day they started shelling homes. A large number of people were killed or wounded. My neighbour's home was blown up by missiles . . . Close to us was a group of [detained] young men. They were handcuffed, naked, and lying on their stomachs . . . They would take each one of us and force us onto the ground, stomping on our backs and heads. One soldier would put his machine gun right on your head, and the other would tie you up.The first narrative dates from 1939, when the British finally suppressed the Arab Revolt; the second is from the Israeli counterinsurgency against Palestinians during the second intifada in 2002. What is striking about the two narratives is not only the similarity of “control” measures and the targeting of politically mobilized towns and villages across time but also the persistence of these techniques across different administrative/colonial systems. Further, these practices—house demolitions, detention of all men of a certain age, and the targeting of civilian spaces and populations—are familiar from other counterinsurgency contexts, whether British and French colonial wars in the 20th century or the 21st-century wars of the United States in Iraq and Afghanistan.
Women's Perceptions of Consequences of Career Interruptions due to Childcare in Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: VALENTOVA MARIE , ZHELYAZKOVA NEVENA 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe present paper aims to examine the effect of the transition from a state socialist regime to democracy and a liberal economy on women's perceptions of the consequences of employment breaks due to childcare on their further careers in seven post-socialist Eastern and Central European countries. The paper uses data from the 2004 European Social Survey to explore whether women who interrupted their careers to look after young children were more likely to suffer negative consequences for their careers after the transition from socialism to a market-based economy than before the lifting of the Iron Curtain. The paper does this by comparing the consequences perceived by women whose children were born before 1987 with those of women with at least one child born later. It begins by grouping together women from across the region, and then looks at the differences by country of the consequences as perceived by these women. It concludes that women across the region were more likely to experience negative consequences after the transition than before. However, the effect of transition is not found to differ across countries using the ESS data.
Can conflict-generated diasporas be moderate actors during episodes of contested sovereignty? Lebanese and Albanian diasporas compared
Authors: KOINOVA MARIA 
Published: July 2010

AbstractConflict-generated diasporas are considered likely to maintain radical behaviours. This article seeks to explain why and how they nevertheless adopt moderate claims, especially when advocating highly sensitive issues such as state sovereignty. Focusing on groups in the US I investigate the Lebanese diaspora linked to the pro-sovereignty movement in Lebanon (2000–2005) and the Albanian diaspora linked to Kosovo's independence movement (1999–2008). The contentious episodes take place during the original homeland's post-conflict reconstruction. Embedded in the literatures on diasporas, conflicts, and transnational social movements, this article argues that instrumental approach towards the achievement of sovereignty explains why conflict-generated diasporas adopt moderate behaviours. Diasporas hope that by linking their claims to a global political opportunity structure of ‘liberalism’ they ‘play the game’ of the international community interested in promoting the liberal paradigm, and thus expect to obtain its support for the legitimisation of their pro-sovereignty goals. Diaspora entrepreneurs advance their claims in a two-step process. Initially they use frame bridging and frame extension to formulate their existing grievances. Then, an increased responsiveness from their host-state emerges to sustain their initial moderation. While individuals or groups in diaspora circles occasionally issue threats during the contentious episodes, the majority in the diaspora consider moderate politics as their dominant behaviour.
Sequence diversity and novelty of natural assemblages of picoeukaryotes from the Indian Ocean
Authors: Massana Ramon , Pernice Massimo , Bunge John A , del Campo Javier 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Despite the ecological importance of marine pico-size eukaryotes, the study of their in situ diversity using molecular tools started just a few years ago. These studies have revealed that marine picoeukaryotes are very diverse and include many novel taxa. However, the amount and structure of their phylogenetic diversity and the extent of their sequence novelty still remains poorly known, as a systematic analysis has been seldom attempted. In this study, we use a coherent and carefully curated data set of 500 published 18S ribosomal DNA sequences to quantify the diversity and novelty patterns of picoeukaryotes in the Indian Ocean. Our phylogenetic tree showed many distant lineages. We grouped sequences in OTUs (operational taxonomic units) at discrete values delineated by pair-wise Jukes–Cantor (JC) distances and tree patristic distances. At a distance of 0.01, the number of OTUs observed (237/242; using JC or patristic distances, respectively) was half the number of sequences analyzed, indicating the existence of microdiverse clusters of highly related sequences. At this distance level, we estimated 600–800 OTUs using several statistical methods. The number of OTUs observed was still substantial at higher distances (39/82 at 0.20 distance) suggesting a large diversity at high-taxonomic ranks. Most sequences were related to marine clones from other sites and many were distant to cultured organisms, highlighting the huge culturing gap within protists. The novelty analysis indicated the putative presence of pseudogenes and of truly novel high-rank phylogenetic lineages. The identified diversity and novelty patterns among marine picoeukaryotes are of great importance for understanding and interpreting their ecology and evolution.