bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management Process of a neonate with severe meconium aspiration syndrome and PPHN delivered by a mother with COVID-19
Authors: Zhang Jinghui , Liu Ling , Han Tongyan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

A full-term newborn was delivered by emergency cesarean section due to intrauterine distress with a mother infected with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in another hospital. Grade III meconium-stained amniotic fluid was observed at delivery. The neonate developed respiratory distress soon after birth and was transferred to our neonatal intensive care unit 3.5 h after birth. After admission, the neonate had progressively worsening dyspnea and was diagnosed with severe meconium aspiration syndrome and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Despite respiratory and circulatory support, as well as treatment with pulmonary surfactants, the neonate developed severe respiratory distress, severe pulmonary hypertension, cardiac failure, and acute renal injury during the first 24 h of birth, with a maximum oxygenation index of 27. After initiating invasive high-frequency assisted ventilation with inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) therapy, the neonate’s condition gradually stabilized. But after a brief improvement, the infant's condition worsened again on the 11th day after birth, likely due to pulmonary infection, alveolar collapse, and cardiac failure. The treatment plan was adjusted, and prone positioning ventilation was applied to improve oxygenation. Invasive ventilation was eventually successfully withdrawn after 19 days, and the neonate was successfully weaned off oxygen 33 days after birth without significant persistent neurological complications. This case occurred during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. By using iNO with multiple pulmonary vasodilators and cardiopulmonary circulatory support, prone ventilation, and point-of-care ultrasonography, the neonate was successfully treated without ECMO.
Starch and Dry Matter Content in Coloured Flesh Table Potato Tubers
Authors: Zarzecka Krystyna , Gugała Marek , Ginter Agnieszka , Durakiewicz Waldemar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The study aimed at comparing of basic components of table potato tubers, that is starch and dry matter of seven cultivars with coloured flesh and one cultivar characterised by light flesh. The study material consisted of potato tubers obtained in a one-factor field experiment carried out at the Agricultural Experiment Station in Zawady (52003’N, 22033’E) owned by the University of Siedlce in Poland in 2021–2023. The following cultivars were tested: Eurostar (light yellow flesh), Rote Emmalie and Herbie 26 (red flesh), Provita, Salad Blue, Blaue Annelise, Vitelotte Noire and Bora Valley (purple and blue flesh). The highest average starch and dry matter contents were determined in the tubers of cv. Eurostar with light yellow flesh (respectively 167.6 and 262.1 g kg− 1), and cv. Blaue Annelise with coloured flesh (respectively 118.3 and 211.0 g kg− 1), them being the lowest in red flesh tubers of cv. Rote Emma (respectively 96.0 and 173.8 g kg− 1).
Role of immune cells in mediating the effect of triacylglycerol (50:2) on hypotension
Authors: Lin Weiye , Han Ning , Hong Qianran , Li Jiayang , Qu Yiqian , He Yuting , Qiu Shengliang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective
To explore the causal relationship between genetically predicted triglyceride (TG) levels and the risk of hypotension under the mediation of immune cells using a two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.
Methods
We utilized summary data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and information from the FinnGen database to select single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables (IVs). A two-step MR analysis was conducted on genetically predicted hypotension (including 4924 cases and 406223 controls), employing methods such as inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger regression, and sensitivity analysis to ensure the accuracy and robustness of the results.
Results
Genetically predicted TG was found to be positively associated with the risk of hypotension (for each 1 SD increase, the risk of hypotension increased by 21.1%, OR = 1.211; 95% CI = 1.085–1.352, P < 0.001, IVW method), with immune cells CD25 + + CD8br AC (mediation effect ratio = 7.223%) and IgD + CD38dim %B cell (mediation effect ratio = 5.730%) acting as mediators. The above MR analyses did not exhibit heterogeneity and pleiotropy.
Conclusion
Our study provides a new perspective for a deeper understanding of the causal relationship between lipid metabolism pathways and the risk of hypotension. This includes optimizing dietary structure and improving the health of the immune system to prevent the occurrence of hypotension, or using CD25 + + CD8br AC and IgD + CD38dim %B cell as biomarkers for hypotension to identify individuals at potential risk early on, providing new possibilities for targeted treatment. This can contribute to providing more precise and personalized strategies for the diagnosis, treatment, and management of patients with hypotension. Additionally, further research is needed to validate our findings.
Genome-wide association study of global Plasmodium vivax populations provides insights into the evolution of drug resistance
Authors: Ngwana-Joseph Gabrielle , Phelan Jody , Manko Emilia , Dombrowski Jamille , Santos Simone dos , Suarez-Mutis Martha , Machado Ricardo Luiz , Marinho Claudio , Nolder Debbie , Nosten François , Sutherland Colin , Campino Susana , Clark Taane 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Increasing reports of chloroquine resistance (CQR) in Plasmodium vivax endemic regions has led to several countries, including Indonesia, to adopt dihydroarteminsin-piperaquine instead. Evidence for the major candidate, pvmdr1, as a putative determinant for CQR is conflicting. Using a genome-wide approach, we perform genomic analysis of 1,534 P. vivax isolates across 29 endemic countries, detailing population structure, patterns of relatedness, selection, and resistance profiling, providing insight into putative drivers of CQR. Differential selection metrics applied between isolates from low-grade and high-grade CQR regions revealed sweeps in a locus proximal to pvmdr1 and in transcriptional regulation genes. Our investigation of the temporal dynamics of selective sweeps in 106 isolates from Indonesian Papua, the epicentre of CQR, revealed pvmrp1 as an emerging candidate for piperaquine resistance. Overall, our work provides novel markers for resistance surveillance in candidate loci, supported by evidence of regions under recent directional selection in this continually evolving parasite.
Advanced Screening Methods for Assessing Motility and Hatching in Plant- Parasitic Nematodes
Authors: Kadlecová Alena , Hendrychová Romana , Jirsa Tomáš , Čermák Václav , Huang Mengmeng , Grundler Florian M.W. , Schleker A. Sylvia S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background Plant-parasitic nematodes are economically important pests responsible for substantial losses in agriculture. Researchers focusing on plant-parasitic nematodes often need to assess basic parameters such as their motility, viability, and reproduction. Traditionally, these assays involve visually counting juveniles and eggs under a dissecting microscope, making this investigation time-consuming and laborious.Results In this study, we established a procedure to efficiently determine the motility of two plant-parasitic nematode species, Heterodera schachtii and Ditylenchus destructor, using the WMicrotracker ONE platform. Additionally, we demonstrated that hatching of the cyst nematode H. schachtii can be evaluated using both the WMicrotracker ONE and by assessing the enzymatic activity of chitinase produced during hatching.Conclusions We present easy and straightforward protocols for studying nematode motility and hatching that allow us to draw conclusions about viability and survival. Thus, these methods are useful tools for facilitating fast and efficient evaluation in various fields of research focused on plant-parasitic nematodes. The methods should also be compatible with other plant-parasitic nematode species.
Preclinical Modeling of Metabolic Syndrome to Study the Pleiotropic Effects of Novel Antidiabetic Therapy Independent of Obesity
Authors: Mochel Jonathan P. , Ward Jessica L. , Blondel Thomas , Kundu Debosmita , Merodio Maria M. , Zemirline Claudine , Guillot Emilie , Giebelhaus Ryland T. , Mata Paulina , Iennarella-Servantez Chelsea A. , Blong April , Nam Seo Lin , Harynuk James J. , Suchodolski Jan , Tvarijonaviciute Asta , Cerón José Joaquín , Bourgois-Mochel Agnes , Zannad Faiez , Sattar Naveed , Allenspach Karin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background and Purpose
Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health reflects the interactions between metabolic risk factors, chronic kidney disease, and the cardiovascular system. A growing body of literature suggests that metabolic syndrome (MetS) in individuals of normal weight is associated with a high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and an increased mortality. The aim of this study was to establish a non-invasive preclinical model of MetS in support of future research focusing on the effects of novel antidiabetic therapies beyond glucose reduction, independent of obesity.
Experimental Approach
Eighteen healthy adult Beagle dogs were fed an isocaloric Western diet (WD) for ten weeks. Biospecimens were collected at baseline (BAS1) and after ten weeks of WD feeding (BAS2) for measurement of blood pressure (BP), serum chemistry, lipoprotein profiling, blood glucose, glucagon, insulin secretion, NT-proBNP, angiotensins, oxidative stress biomarkers, serum, urine, and fecal metabolomics. Differences between BAS1and BAS2 were analyzed using non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank testing.
Key Results
The isocaloric WD model induced significant variations in several markers of MetS, including elevated BP, increased glucose concentrations, and reduced HDL-cholesterol. It also caused an increase in circulating NT-proBNP levels, a decrease in serum bicarbonate, and significant changes in general metabolism, lipids, and biogenic amines.
Conclusions and Implications
Short-term, isocaloric feeding with a WD in dogs replicated key biological features of MetS while also causing low-grade metabolic acidosis and elevating natriuretic peptides. These findings support the use of the WD canine model for studying the metabolic effects of new antidiabetic therapies independent of obesity.
Litter removal harms long-term nutrient dynamics in tropical secondary forest
Authors: Rodrigues Julia Isabella de Matos , Martins Walmer Bruno Rocha , de Oliveira Victor Pereira , Dionísio Luiz Fernandes Silva , Pacheco Hiago Felipe Cardoso , Filho Marcos Alexandre Vieira Nascimento , de Paula Manoel Tavares , Oliveira Francisco de Assis , Schwartz Gustavo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Aims
A project developed over eight years in the Amazonia manipulated water availability through periodic irrigation (IRR) and nutrients through biweekly litter removal (REM). This study aimed to investigate whether, after 16 years of resource management (water and nutrients), the effects on litter and soil nutrient dynamics are still observable, initially hypothesizing that differences would be evident and that water supply would result in improved soil conditions in the forest.
Methods
We evaluated the chemical properties of soil and litter in a secondary forest in the eastern Amazonia, calculating the nutrient use efficiency (NUE) and nutrient retranslocation rate.
Results
The results showed that resource manipulation had residual effects on the dynamics of K, Ca, Mg, and P nutrients. IRR increased soil K availability, while REM reduced pH and monthly production of Ca, Mg, and P. Additionally, it was found that the NUE of Ca and Mg could be impaired with increased rainfall, while higher temperatures provided greater N and P NUE, reinforcing global warnings about the impacts of climate change.
Conclusions
In summary, the results provide important insights for the management of secondary forests and suggest that resource management may have a long-term impact on nutrient dynamics in secondary forests.
Comparative Analysis of Adverse Event Rates and Severity Following COVID-19 mRNA Vaccinations Among SARS-CoV-2 Naïve Nursing Home Residents and Staff
Authors: Itamochi Masae , Yazawa Shunsuke , Saga Yumiko , Shimada Takahisa , Tamura Kosuke , Maenishi Emi , Isobe Junko , Sasajima Hitoshi , Kawashiri Chikako , Tani Hideki , Oishi Kazunori 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

We aimed to assess the rate and severity of adverse events (AEs), and the relationship between antibody responses and AEs after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination in a nursing home cohort. Ninety-five SARS-CoV-2 naïve participants, consisting of 26 staff (median age, 51 years) and 69 residents (median age, 88 years), were evaluated for the rate and severity of local and systemic AEs. The severity of AEs was evaluated using grading scale for each sign or symptom, and expressed as the AE score. The rates of most AEs were considerably lower in the residents after the first to the fifth dose of the mRNA vaccination, compared to the staff. The severity of AEs using AE scores were also considerably lower in the residents after the first to the fifth dose of vaccination, compared to the staff. No clear relationship was detected between receptor-binding domain IgG or neutralizing titer levels and the cumulative AE score either in staff or residents after the second, third, or fifth dose of the mRNA vaccination, although there were two exceptions. Our conclusion of lower event occurrence and milder side effects strongly corroborates the science-driven proposal of COVID-19 mRNA vaccinations for older generations in high-risk care facilities.
Target prediction and potential application of dihydroartemisin on hepatocarcinoma
Authors: Guo Wenjia , Liu Yu’e , Chen Bingdi , Fan Lieying 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose
With high incidence of hepatocarcinoma and limited effective treatments, most patients suffer in pain. Anti-tumor drugs are single-targeted, toxicity, causing adverse side effects and resistance. Dihydroartemisinin(DHA) inhibits tumor through multiple mechanisms effectively. This study explores and evaluates afety and potential mechanism of DHA towards human hepatocarcinoma based on network pharmacology in a comprehensive way.
Methods
Adsorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity (ADMET) properties of DHA were evaluated with pkCSM, SwissADME and ADMETlab. Potential targets of DHA were obtained from SwissTargetPrediction, Drugbank, TargetNET and PharmMapper. Target gene of hepatocarcinoma were obtained from OMIM, GeneCards and DisGeNET. Overlapping targets and hub genes were identified and analyzed for GO, KEGG and Reactome pathway. Molecular docking was utilized to investigate the interactions sites and hydrogen bonds. CCK8, wound healing, invasion and migration assays on HepG2 and SNU387 cell proved DHA inhibits malignant biological features of hepatocarcinoma cell.
Results
DHA is safe and desirable for clinical application. A total of 131 overlapping targets were identified. Biofunction analysis showed targets were involved in kinase activity, protein phosphorylation, intracellular reception, signal transduction, transcriptome dysregulation, PPAR pathway and JAK-STAT signaling axis. Top 9 hub genes were obtained using MCC algorithm, namely CDK1, CCNA2, CCNB1, CCNB2, KIF11, CHEK1, TYMS, AURKA and TOP2A. Molecular docking suggests that all hub genes form a stable interaction with DHA for optimal binding energy were all less than − 5 kcal/mol.
Conclusions
Dihydroartemisin might be a potent and safe anticarcinogen based on its biological safety and effective therapeutic effect.
Epidemiological and clinical profiles of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Amhara National Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia: A multicenter study
Authors: Gashaw Bizuayehu , Yizengaw Endalew , Nibret Endalkachew , Workineh Addisu , Abebe Adisu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a vector-borne disease caused by Leishmania parasites. Ethiopia is one of the top ten countries with a high load of CL. It remains the most neglected of neglected tropical disease in Ethiopia. The Amhara National Regional State (ANRS) is one of the CL hotspot areas in Ethiopia. There is limited data on the burden of CL in the region. This study determined the epidemiology and clinical profiles of CL in ANRS.
Method: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from April to October 2023 in eight Leishmaniasis Treatment Centres (LTCs). A data review was done from patients presenting to these centres between June 2018 and July 2023. Demographic and clinical data were collected from the CL registration logbook. Descriptive statistics was used to describe relevant variables. Chi-square test and logistic regression were performed using SPSS-23.
Result: A total of 1729 CL patients were recorded. The overall burden of CL per 10,000 outpatients was 900. Males accounted for 66% of the total CL patients. More cases
were recorded among 15–29 age group. Most of the patients (71.1%) presented with localised cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL). The patients were from 112 districts. About 12% of the patients lived with the disease for over a year without treatment. The skin lesion was ≥4mm in 60% of the patients. Multiple-time comer patients accounted for 13.2% of the patients. Patients with <6 months of duration of illness had 4.5 times bigger lesion size than those patients with ≥ 24 months of duration of illness. Duration of illness <6 months and 6–12 months showed a significant association with lesion size.
Conclusion: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is still a major public health problem in ANRS. Large scale community based study is required to determine the actual burden of CL in the region.
Retrospective analysis of 5 cases with COVID-19-associated encephalitis
Authors: Li Zhensheng , Wang Lingling , Qi Zijuan , Xiang Wei , Deng Bingmei , Liu Zhifeng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective
To explore the clinical characteristics, possible etiology, and treatment strategies for COVID-19-associated encephalitis.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical, electroencephalogram, and imaging data and laboratory examination results of five patients diagnosed with COVID-19-associated encephalitis.
Results
The primary clinical manifestations of the 5 patients were consciousness disturbance and epileptic seizures. The lesions shown in the electroencephalogram and imaging data were mostly located near the perisylvian fissure cortex. Laboratory examination revealed increased white blood cell count and protein levels in the CSF. SAR-COV-2 RNA and autoimmune encephalitis antibody tests were negative in two patients, and four of them showed a good response to IVIG therapy.
Conclusion
Direct viral infection and immune responses after infection are the main causes of COVID-19-associated encephalitis, with the latter playing a dominant role. The patients responded well to IVIG therapy.
Association between cytomegalovirus infection and insulin resistance: evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2004)
Authors: Gao Hui , Yang Yang , Cai Fengqing , Wang Qian , He Xinyu , Sun Changxuan , Shen Hongqiang , Bai Guannan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has been shown to induce insulin resistance in animal models, but this relationship in humans remains unknown. Therefore, we conducted the present study to assess the association between CMV infection and insulin resistance in a nationally representative population in the United States.
Methods
We analyzed data from 2391 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cohort 1999–2004. Binary logistic regression models were used to assess the association between CMV infection and insulin resistance in the overall population and subgroups stratified by gender and weight status. The full model was adjusted by covariates including age, race, educational level, and poverty income ratio.
Results
1519 (63.5%) participants had CMV infection, and 561 (23.5%) had insulin resistance. Logistic regression analyses showed that CMV infection was significantly associated with insulin resistance in males with overweight (OR: 2.32; 95% CI: 1.15–4.72) and obesity (OR:2.91; 95% CI:1.13–7.45) after adjusting covariates.
Conclusion
The present study demonstrated that CMV infection was an independent risk factor of insulin resistance in males who were overweight or obese. Clarifying the relationship between CMV infection and insulin resistance may prevent T2DM in the general population.
Building health systems resilience in Central Asia through nursing and midwifery: Evidence to inform policy action
Authors: Llop-Gironés Alba , Azhymambetova Gulnaz Kachkynovna , Asanova Aizat Kubanysbekovna , Salomuddin Jabborovich Yusufi , Boynazarova Malohat Hikmatulloevna , Raupov Firdavs Orifovich , Zholzhanova Nazira Usenovna , Ruzdenova Naila Beksautovna , Tojiboyeva Gulnora Sheraliyevna , Salikhodjayeva Rikhsi Kamilovna , Langins Margrieta 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
The recent announcement of the next WHO State of the World’s Nursing and Midwifery Reports calls for a review of the state of nursing and midwifery worldwide. In the WHO European region, a broad set of health system reforms have been introduced in Central Asian countries (CACs), namely, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Republic of Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Republic of Uzbekistan. These reforms have become the focus of a series of sub-regional policy dialogs between CACs, led by government chief nursing and midwifery officers, to accelerate the implementation of a package of policies to strengthen the capacity of nurses and midwives and build health system resilience. This study reviews the current state of nursing and midwifery capacity and documents future actions that can be taken in CACs.
Case presentation
A systematic approach was used to describe trends, capacity and gaps in CACs’ education, practice, regulation, leadership, and working conditions of nurses and midwives. Currently, CACs face challenges in increasing the level, quality and evidence-base of nursing and midwifery education, require efforts to expand the role of nurses, with emphasis on PHC and particular attention is required to decent working conditions, including fair income and security in the workplace. The GCNMOs have demonstrated experience in the oversight of both workforces and require support for effective work in making policies. To build health systems resilience in CACs through nursing and midwifery, a strategic package of evidence-informed actions that addresses education, practice, regulation, leadership, and working conditions of nurses and midwives is suggested for the period up to 2030.
Conclusions
Current educational reforms and curricular development, combined with innovations in clinical practice and working environment can be pursued to foster better access to quality of care, enhance workplace satisfaction and improve recruitment and retention of nurses and midwives. However, to fully achieve this, CACs will require increased institutional capacity; strengthened data for nursing and midwifery planning in the context of health workforce policy and health priorities, and financial and non-financial investment in the nursing and midwifery workforce.