bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Replay of incidentally encoded novel odors in the rat
Authors: Sheridan Cassandra L. , Bonner Lauren , Crystal Jonathon D. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Although events are not always known to be important when they occur, people can remember details about such incidentally encoded information using episodic memory. Sheridan et al. (2024) argued that rats replayed episodic memories of incidentally encoded information in an unexpected assessment of memory. In one task, rats reported the third-last item in an explicitly encoded list of trial-unique odors. In a second task, rats foraged in a radial maze in the absence of odors. On a critical test, rats foraged in the maze, but scented lids covered the food. Next, memory of the third-last odor was assessed. The rats correctly answered the unexpected question. Because the odors used in the critical test were the same as those used during training, automatically encoding odors for the purpose of taking an upcoming test of memory (stimulus generalization) may have been encouraged. Here, we provided an opportunity for incidental encoding of novel odors. Previously trained rats foraged in the radial maze with entirely novel odors covering the food. Next, memory of the third-last odor was assessed. The rats correctly answered the unexpected question. High accuracy when confronted with novel odors provides evidence that the rats did not automatically encode odors for the purpose of taking an upcoming test, ruling out stimulus generalization. We conclude that rats encode multiple pieces of putatively unimportant information, and later replayed a stream of novel episodic memories when that information was needed to solve an unexpected problem.
UM171 suppresses breast cancer progression by inducing KLF2
Authors: Ran Xiaojuan , Hu Anling , Kuang Yi , Wang Chunlin , Liu Wuling , Xiao Xiao , Zacksenhaus Eldad , Yu Xiangdi , Ben-David Yaacov 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women with significant death rate. Morbidity is associated with drug resistance and metastasis. Development of novel drugs is unmet need. The aim of this study is to show potent anti-neoplastic activity of the UM171 compound on breast cancer cells and its mechanism of action.

Methods
The inhibitory effect of UM171 on several breast cancer (BC) cell lines was examined using MTT and colony-forming assays. Cell cycle and apoptosis assays were utilized to determine the effect of UM171 on BC cell proliferation and survival. Wound healing scratch and transwell migration assays were used to examine the migration of BC cell lines in culture. Xenograft of mouse model with 4T1 cells was used to determine inhibitory effect of UM171 in vivo. Q-RT-PCR and western blotting were used to determine the expression level of genes effected by UM171. Lentivirus-mediated shRNAs were used to knockdown the expression of KLF2 in BC cells.

Results
UM171 was previously identified as a potent agonist of human hematopoietic stem cell renewal and inhibitor of leukemia. In this study, UM171 was shown to inhibit the growth of multiple breast cancer cell lines in culture. UM171-mediated growth inhibition was associated with the induction of apoptosis, G2/M cell cycle arrest, lower colony-forming capacity, and reduced motility. In a xenotransplantation model of mouse triple-negative breast cancer 4T1 cells injected into syngeneic BALB/c mice, UM171 strongly inhibited tumor growth at a level comparable to control paclitaxel. UM171 increased the expression of the three PIM genes (PIM1-3) in breast cancer cells. Moreover, UM171 strongly induced the expression of the tumor suppressor gene KLF2 and cell cycle inhibitor P21CIP1. Accordingly, knockdown of KLF2 using lentivirus-mediated shRNA significantly attenuated the growth suppressor activity of UM171. As PIM1-3 act as oncogenes and are involved in breast cancer progression, induction of these kinases likely impedes the inhibitory effect of KLF2 induction by UM171. Accordingly, combination of UM171 with a PAN-PIM inhibitor LGH447 significantly reduced tumor growth in culture.

Conclusion
These results suggested that UM171 inhibited breast cancer progression in part through activation of KLF2 and P21. Combination of UM171 with a PAN-PIM inhibitor offer a novel therapy for aggressive forms of breast cancer.
Emotion Regulation in Families: Exploring the Link between Parent-Child Alexithymia and Child Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Corso Casey B. , Hoppe Rebecca , Kliewer Wendy , Wike Traci , Winter Marcia A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic comprises a mass trauma for children and families, and children may face particular vulnerability to post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) through processes of parent and child emotional dysregulation, such as alexithymia. With 88 U.S. children (Mage = 9.94 years; 54.5% female; 59.1% White) and their parents/caregivers (68.2% female; 59.1% White), a path model was tested in which child alexithymia symptoms partially mediated the association between parent alexithymia symptoms and child COVID-19-related posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). We also tested an alternative model in which child alexithymia symptoms moderated the association between parent alexithymia symptoms and child PTSS. The hypothesized mediation model was supported (β = 0.15, SE = 0.05, 95% CI: [0.07, 0.25], p < 0.001), whereas the hypothesized moderator model was not (β = 0.06, p = 0.44). Findings highlight the importance of parents’ emotional understanding and regulation for child mental health during mass traumas such as pandemics.
Factors Associated with Teacher Wellbeing: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhou Sijing , Slemp Gavin R. , Vella-Brodrick Dianne A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTeacher wellbeing has received widespread and increasing global attention over the last decade due to high teacher turnover, growing teacher shortages, and the goal of improving the quality of teaching and student performance. No review has yet sought to undertake a cumulative quantitative assessment of the literature pertaining to teacher wellbeing. Using meta-analysis, we address this gap by systematically examining the relative strength of key antecedents, consequences, and correlates of teacher wellbeing, using the Job Demands-Resources theory as a guide to positioning factors in the nomological network. Following PRISMA guidelines, our systematic search yielded 173 eligible studies for inclusion (N = 89,876). Results showed that hope, autonomous motivation, psychological capital and job competencies were the top four strongest positive predictors of overall wellbeing, whereas neuroticism and disengagement coping were the top two strongest negative predictors. Occupational commitment was the strongest positive consequence of overall wellbeing, and turnover intentions were the strongest negative consequence. Burnout and work engagement were the strongest correlates of overall wellbeing. We also found that some effects were moderated by factors such as whether teachers were in-service or pre-service, and the educational setting (e.g., K-12, initial teacher education). Our review provides a useful empirical resource that may help guide practice in terms of how teachers, school leaders, and policy makers can support teacher wellbeing.
The United Nations SDG13 and the EU27 countries performance: A comparative analysis
Authors: Sena Marina B. , Costa Leonardo , Leitão Alexandra , Silva Maria C. A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper evaluates the performance of the European Union 27 (EU-27), its supranational regions, and Member States (MSs) in relation to the Climate Action Sustainable Development Goal (SDG13) of the United Nations 2030 Agenda. The Alkire–Foster method is used to develop the Multidimensional Climate Action Index (MCAI) framework. Regarding individual MSs’ overall performance, the results show that Sweden (Northern Europe) performs the best and Croatia (Central and Eastern Europe) the worst. In terms of the average overall performance of individual MSs in the EU-27 and its supranational regions, only Western and Northern Europe have satisfactory scores. Moreover, the performances of the various territories differ by target. This territorial heterogeneity illustrates how the SDG13 targets may require different efforts in each territory. The scores for the MCAI group measure depict an even worse picture. Except for Northern Europe, the proportion of MSs with a satisfactory individual overall composite score (H) is lower than their average overall composite score or intensity (A). The two regions with the lowest H scores (Southern Europe and Central and Eastern Europe) also have the lowest A scores and the lowest average GDP per capita.
Intraspecific leaf trait variation of the heterophyllous amphibious plant Luronium natans: a trait-based study
Authors: Chmara Rafał , Pronin Eugeniusz 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHeterophylly, a type of intraspecific trait variation (ITV), is commonly observed in aquatic and amphibious plants. In this study, we focused on Luronium natans (L.) Raf., as a model species to investigate ITV, specifically looking at variations within different leaf types. The objective was to test general hypotheses regarding ITV across various leaf traits. We collected 210 leaves from the homogeneous environments of softwater lakes in northwestern Poland to measure six leaf traits: leaf area (LA), leaf dry weight (LDW), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf dry mass content (LDMC), circularity, and leaf width/length ratio (shape traits). These leaves were categorized into three types based on the shoot: heterophyllous shoots with floating leaves (HF), heterophyllous shoots with submerged leaves (HS), and submerged rosettes with linear leaves (S). Significant differences were observed in LA and LDMC within these leaf types and in SLA between HF and S types. ITV within each shoot type exhibited a wide range of variation, particularly in LA, LDW, SLA, and LDMC, with shape traits displaying stronger variability than functional traits. Our results indicate lower ITV of functional leaf traits within the same heterophyllous shoots compared to fully submerged leaves in a rosette form. We also noted negative correlations between SLA-LDMC and LA-circularity trait pairs, suggesting a variation–covariation pattern in leaf traits with minimal influence from water environmental factors.
Bundle Structure of Massless Unitary Representations of the Poincaré Group
Authors: Dragon Norbert 
Published: June 2024

AbstractReviewing the construction of induced representations of the Poincaré group of four-dimensional spacetime we find all massive representations, including the ones on interacting many-particle states. Massless momentum wavefunctions of non-vanishing helicity turn out to be more precisely sections of a U(1)-bundle over the massless shell, a property which to date was overlooked in quantum field theory and in bracket notation. Our traditional notation of states in Hilbert space enables questions about square integrability and smoothness. Their answers complete the picture of relativistic quantum physics. Frobenius reciprocity prohibits massless one-particle states with total angular momentum less than the modulus of the helicity. There is no two-photon state with $$J=1$$

J
=
1

, explaining the longevity of orthopositronium. Partial derivatives of the momentum wave functions are no operators in the space of massless states with nonvanishing helicity. They allow only for covariant, noncommuting derivatives. The massless shell has a noncommutative geometry with helicity being its topological charge.
Gale-Shapley Verified
Authors: Nipkow Tobias 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a detailed verification of the Gale-Shapley algorithm for stable matching (or marriage). The verification proceeds by stepwise transformation of programs and proofs. The initial steps are on the level of imperative programs, ending in a linear time algorithm. An executable functional program is obtained in a last step. The emphasis is on the stepwise development of the algorithm and the required invariants.
Genome-wide association studies meta-analysis uncovers NOJO and SGS3 novel genes involved in Arabidopsis thaliana primary root development and plasticity
Authors: López-Ruíz Brenda Anabel , García-Ponce Berenice , de la Paz Sánchez María , Álvarez-Buylla Elena R. , Urrutia Araxi O. , Garay-Arroyo Adriana 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background

Arabidopsis thaliana primary root growth has become a model for evo-devo studies due to its simplicity and facility to record cell proliferation and differentiation. To identify new genetic components relevant to primary root growth, we used a Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) meta-analysis approach using data published in the last decade. In this work, we performed intra and inter-studies analyses to discover new genetic components that could participate in primary root growth.

Methods and results
We used 639 accessions from nine different studies under control conditions and performed different GWAS tests. We found that primary root growth changes were associated with 41 genes, of which six (14.6%) have been previously described as inhibitors or promoters of primary root growth. The knockdown lines of two genes, Suppressor of Gene Silencing (SGS3), involved in tasiRNA processing, and a gene with a Sterile Alpha Motif (SAM) motif named NOJOCH MOOTS (NOJO), confirmed their role as repressors of primary root growth, none has been shown to participate in this developmental process before.

Conclusions
In summary, our GWAS analysis of different available studies identified new genes that participate in primary root growth; two of them were identified as repressors of primary root growth.
Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuate hepatic stellate cells activation and liver fibrosis
Authors: Shi Xiaoyu , Zhang Kun , Qi Qi , Zhou Wangyi , Yu Fengshi , Zhang Yu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Liver cirrhosis, a prevalent chronic liver disease, is characterized by liver fibrosis as its central pathological process. Recent advancements highlight the clinical efficacy of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UC-MSC) therapy in the treatment of liver cirrhosis.

Methods and results
We investigated the pharmacodynamic effects of UC-MSCs and MSC conditional medium (MSC-CM) in vivo, utilizing a carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced fibrotic rat model. Concurrently, we assessed the in vitro impact of MSCs and MSC-CM on various cellular process of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), including proliferation, apoptosis, activation, immunomodulatory capabilities, and inflammatory factor secretion. Our results indicate that both MSCs and MSC-CM significantly ameliorate the pathological extent of fibrosis in animal tissues, reducing the collagen content, serum biochemical indices and fibrosis biomarkers. In vitro, MSC-CM significantly inhibited the activation of the HSC line LX-2. Notably, MSC-CM modulated the expression of type I procollagen and TGFβ-1 while increasing MMP1 expression. This modulation restored the MMP1/TIMP1 ratio imbalance and extracellular matrix deposition in TGFβ-1 induced fibrosis. Both MSCs and MSC-CM not only induced apoptosis in HSCs but also suppressed proliferation and inflammatory cytokine release from activated HSCs. Furthermore, MSCs and MSC-CM exerted a suppressive effect on total lymphocyte activation.

Conclusions
UC-MSCs and MSC-CM primarily modulate liver fibrosis severity by regulating HSC activation. This study provides both in vivo and in vitro pharmacodynamic evidence supporting the use of MSCs in liver fibrosis treatment.
Disaster and gender: men’s experiences during and after the earthquake
Authors: Usta Galip , Gunduz Fatma , Atalay Ezgi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study is to discover how men’s first reflex behaviors during earthquakes and how their coping strategies were shaped after earthquakes in Türkiye. Phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the research. The data of the research were collected through a semi-structured interview form between 25.04.2023 and 15.05.2023. The study was conducted with 12 people, based on data saturation. Interviews with the participants lasted between 30 and 75 min. Four themes were created within the scope of the study. Men participate in search and rescue operations, particularly those that require physical fortitude, and in the distribution of humanitarian aid, according to the research. In this process, men felt cold-blooded and strong. It has been observed that men take more risks and put themselves at risk due to socially burdened responsibilities and their masculine characteristics. In terms of disaster risk reduction objectives and actions, the findings obtained within the framework of the difficulties encountered by men during the earthquake, coping strategies, and the impact of gender roles can be evaluated. Therefore, it is thought that investigating gender roles in disasters is important in creating disaster management policies.
Situational evaluation of teachers’ social-emotional competence: Spanish version of the test of regulation in and understanding of social situations in teaching (TRUST)
Authors: Martín-Antón Luis J. , Valdivieso Juan A. , García-Alonso Juan-Carlos , Carbonero-Martín Miguel Angel , Saíz-Manzanares María-Consuelo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEvaluating teachers’ social-emotional competence is key to studying the effectiveness of education systems. This competence tends to be measured through self-reports, which might lead to a distorted vision. As an alternative, situational judgement tests have emerged. The present work seeks to adapt the Test of Regulation in and Understanding of Social Situations in Teaching (TRUST) to Spanish. The study involved 503 teachers from schools who teach in primary (n = 198, 106 female) or secondary education (n = 305, 201 female). Average age was 45.07 (SD = 9.94), and teachers had an average of 16.77 years’ professional experience (SD = 10.17). In addition to responding to the TRUST, those who took part also responded to the ICQ-15, TEIQue-SF, and ERQ questionnaires. Confirmatory factor analysis provided a good fit of the two-factor model (emotional regulation and relationship management): χ2 (89) = 198.49, p < .001, CFI = 0.93, TLI = 0.92, RMSEA = 0.049, 90% CI [0.040, 0.059], SRMR = 0.042, as well as reliability and convergent validity. Factorial invariance is seen to hold amongst both women and men as well as between teachers who teach at different stages of the education system. The Spanish version of TRUST emerges as a valid and reliable tool for measuring teachers’ level of social-emotional competence, both in the Spanish education system at basic levels as well as with Spanish-speaking teachers from various countries, since situations are presented which are common in any type of school.
Economic crises and the survival of international organizations
Authors: Haftel Yoram Z. , Nadel Bar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHow do hard economic times affect countries’ foreign policy and, specifically, their international commitments? Although a large body of literature assumes that economic crises lead to the prioritization of domestic politics at the expense of international cooperation, these claims are rarely subjected to systematic empirical tests. This study examines one important aspect of these relationships: the consequences of economic crises for the survival of international organizations (IOs), a question that attracted only scant scholarly attention to date. Theoretically, we argue that even though economic crises can weaken member states’ commitment to IOs, they also underscore their ability to tackle the root causes of such crises and mitigate their most pernicious effects. As such, economic crises are actually conducive to IO longevity. We expect this effect to be especially pronounced for currency crises, IOs with an economic mandate, and regional IOs, given their particular relevance for international cooperation during hard economic times. These conjectures are tested with a comprehensive sample of IOs and data on currency, banking and sovereign debt crises from 1970 to 2014. Using event history models and controlling for several alternative explanations of IO survival, we find ample empirical support for the theoretical expectations.
Quantitative Determination of Minerals and Toxic Elements Content in Tropical and Subtropical Fruits by Microwave-Assisted Digestion and ICP-OES
Authors: AlJuhaimi Fahad , Kulluk Duygu Akçay , Yılmaz Fatma Gökmen , Ahmed Isam Ali Mohamed , Özcan Mehmet Musa , Albakry Zainab 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the presented study, 15 tropical and subtropical fruits were studied for their mineral composition ranging from trace to major elements by ICP-OES after microwave digestion. The moisture amounts were assigned to be between 21.90 (tamarind) and 95.66% (pepino). The differences between the macroelement quantities of the fruits were established to be statistically significant (p<0.01). P and K quantities of fruits were displayed to be between 53.40 (pepino) and 927.74 mg/kg (tamarind) to 720.27 (pepino) and 13441.12 mg/kg (tamarind), respectively. While Ca quantities of fruits vary between 123.71 (pineapple) and 1519.76 mg/kg (blood orange), Mg quantities of fruits were established to be between 78.66 (pepino) and 875.02 mg/kg (tamarind). In general, the lowest macroelement quantities were determined in pepino fruit, but the highest P and K contents were determined in Gooseberry and Tamarind fruits, respectively. The microelement amounts of the fruits were established to be at very low levels compared to the macroelement contents. In general, the most abundant element in fruits was Fe, followed by Zn, Cu, Mn and B in decreasing order. In general, heavy metal quantities of fruits were detected at very low levels (except As and Ba). As and Ba quantities of fruits were assigned to be between 0.972 μg/g (mandarin) and 5.86 (kiwi) to 0.103 (pineapple) and 4.08 (avocado), respectively. As with macro and microelements, results regarding heavy metal concentrations varied depending on fruit types.
Graphical Abstract
A New Laparoscopic Multifunctional Instrument Design
Authors: Thomasset Raphael , Feudo Vanessa , Masturzo Bianca , Tinelli Raffaele , Libretti Alessandro , Leo Livio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMinimally invasive surgery typically requires the use of small instruments that are easily manipulated and have various functions. Our goal is to create, develop, and ultimately obtain a prototype for a novel surgical suction-irrigation device that includes coagulation and neuromuscular stimulation capabilities. The need to achieve accurate hemostasis, particularly during deep pelvic dissection while maintaining suction-irrigation capabilities, served as a valuable motivation for the development of this device. Neurostimulation is necessary in various anatomical contexts, in addition to its coagulation function. Several prototypes were built with exterior diameters ranging from 8 to 5 mm. A series of tests were conducted on pork steaks, and a pathological investigation was carried out using hematoxylin–eosin staining to assess the extent of coagulation. Manual tests demonstrated excellent agility and a high level of effectiveness. The two functions, coagulation and neurostimulation, aid the surgeon in reducing blood loss and accurately pinpointing nerve locations. Hence, this novel prototype has the potential to stimulate the creation of additional equipment that could prove highly valuable in pelvic radical surgery and neuropelveology, where the need for accurate hemostasis and the identification of nerve landmarks are of utmost significance.