bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solvent‐Responsive Nonporous Adaptive Crystals Derived from Pyridinium Hydrochloride and the Application in Iodine Adsorption
Authors: Chen Yi , Song Xiaojuan , Li Aisen , Song Ziang , Fu Shiyao , Xie Yujun , Tang Ben Zhong , Li Zhen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNonporous adaptive crystals (NACs) are crystalline nonporous materials that can undergo a structural adaptive phase transformation to accommodate specific guest via porous cavity or lattice voids. Most of the NACs are based on pillararenes because of their flexible backbone and intrinsic porous structure. Here a readily prepared organic hydrochloride of 4‐(4‐(diphenylamino)phenyl)pyridin‐1‐ium chloride (TPAPyH), exhibiting the solvent dimension‐dependent adaptive crystallinity is reported. Wherein it forms a nonporous α crystal in a solvent with larger dimensions, while forming two porous β and γ crystals capable of accommodating solvent molecules in solvent with small size. Furthermore, the thermal‐induced single‐crystal‐to‐single‐crystal (SCSC) transition from the β to α phase can be initiated. Upon exposure to iodine vapor or immersion in aqueous solution, the nonporous α phase transforms to porous β phase by adsorbing iodine molecules. Owing to the formation of trihalide anion I2Clˉ within the crystal cavity, TPAPyH exhibits remarkable performance in iodine storage, with a high uptaking capacity of 1.27 g g−1 and elevated iodine desorption temperature of up to 110 and 82 °C following the first and second adsorption stage. The unexpected adaptivity of TPAPyH inspires the design of NACs for selective adsorption and separation of volatile compound from organic small molecules.
Fluorescent Quantum Dots Based Lateral Flow Assay for Rapid Quantitative Detection of Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor in Glaucoma
Authors: Wu Yue , Zhang Yihan , Hu Yubing , Jiang Nan , Patel Radhika Pooja , Yetisen Ali K. , Cordeiro Maria Francesca 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEarly and accurate diagnosis of glaucoma is crucial to prevent the progressive deterioration that leads to irreversible vision loss. It is imperative to develop an effective screening tool for glaucoma. Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is a tear biomarker implicated in glaucoma pathogenesis. Lateral flow assay (LFA) provides an ideal platform for detection of glaucoma in tear fluid. A quantum dot‐based fluorescence LFA, integrated with a 3D printed readout box, is developed for fast (30 min), sensitive, and quantitative CNTF detection in tears. A standard curve is firstly generated for the quantitative detection of CNTF. The limit of detection (LOD) of the obtained LFA strip at 6.45 pg·mL−1 is comparable to that of the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at 6.42 pg·mL−1. This enables the identification of low CNTF levels (25.7 ± 14.9 pg·mL−1) reported in tear fluid from glaucoma patients. This LFA is found to be highly selective for CNTF and maintained consistent results in different pH condition. The strip remaines stablewhen stored in the darkat room temperature. A smartphone app is developed to simplify analysis and enable prompt and easily obtainable results. This method shows great potential to be a powerful tool for point‐of‐care glaucoma screening.
Optical Control of Directional Exciton Migration in Porphyrin‐Based Metal−Organic Frameworks
Authors: Yu Junhong , Han Yadong , Yang Yunfan , Zhang Hang , Fang Siyu , Wang Zhengbang , Hu Jianbo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPorphyrin‐based metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) have received great attention for solar photochemistry applications. Manipulating the direction of energy (exciton) migration plays an essential role in boosting the light‐harvesting efficiency of porphyrin‐based MOFs. Here, based on the time‐dependent exciton‐exciton annihilation rate, an optical control of directional exciton migration is demonstrated in cobalt‐porphyrin surface‐supported MOF nanofilms (Co‐TCPP SURMOFs). Utilizing photocarrier densities or lattice temperature as the control knob, the dynamic form of exciton migration in Co‐TCPP SURMOFs can be switched between the nearest‐neighbor 1D interaction and the quasi‐isotropic 2D interaction, which is well explained using a diffusion model of exciton‐exciton scattering. This results provide an optical approach to regulating exciton migration in MOFs, which enhances understanding of the excitonic behavior in artificial light harvesters.
Boosting Hot Carrier Cooling in Halide Perovskite Quantum Dots via Ni2+ Doping
Authors: Niu Weifan , Chen Ronghua , Pang Tao , Zheng Yuanhui , Wu Tianmin , Zhang Ruidan , Chen Daqin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLead halide perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) generally show slow hot carrier (HC) cooling because of the retarded relaxation of longitudinal optical (LO) phonons induced by hot phonon bottleneck effect. Although the feature is beneficial for designing photovoltaic devices beyond Schottky–Queisser limitation by manipulating HC excess energy, it would be hostile toward light‐emitting applications where fast HC cooling is preferred. Herein, a Ni2+ doping strategy is reported to effectively boost HC cooling in CsPbI3 PeQDs and inhibit Auger recombination, giving rise to near unity photoluminescent quantum yield (PLQY) for the Ni: CsPbI3 sample. Femtosecond transient (fs‐TA) absorption, temperature‐dependent PL spectra and theoretical calculations evidence that Ni2+ doping results in the enhancement of electron‐LO phonon coupling, the introduction of extra energy states at band edges, the increasement of effective carrier mass, and the modification of phonon dispersion spectra as well as density of states (DOS) of LO phonon modes. These synergistic roles ensure efficient Klemens decay within Ni: CsPbI3, which facilitates fast decay of hot phonons and break hot phonon bottleneck. These findings provide a valid route to tackle HC dynamics and pave a way for PeQDs‐based efficient light‐emitting applications.
A Vacuum Vapor Deposition Strategy to Fe Single‐Atom Catalysts with Densely Active Sites for High‐Performance Zn–Air Battery
Authors: Yang Xiang , Zhu Baohui , Gao Zhiyang , Yang Can , Zhou Jingbo , Han Aijuan , Liu Junfeng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIron single‐atom catalysts (SACs) have garnered increasing attention as highly efficient catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), yet their performance in practical devices remains suboptimal due to the low density of accessible active sites. Anchoring iron single atoms on 2D support is a promising way to increase the accessible active sites but remains difficult attributing to the high aggregation tendency of iron atoms on the 2D support. Herein, a vacuum vapor deposition strategy is presented to fabricate an iron SAC supported on ultrathin N‐doped carbon nanosheets with densely active sites (FeSAs‐UNCNS). Experimental analyses confirm that the FeSAs‐UNCNS achieves densely accessible active sites (1.11 × 1020 sites g−1) in the configuration of Fe─N4O. Consequently, the half‐wave potential of FeSAs‐UNCNS in 0.1 m KOH reaches a remarkable value of 0.951 V versus RHE. Moreover, when employed as the cathode of various kinds of Zn–air batteries, FeSAs‐UNCNS exhibits boosting performances by achieving a maximum power density of 306 mW cm−2 and long cycle life (>180 h) at room temperature, surpassing both Pt/C and reported SACs. Further investigations reveal that FeSAs‐UNCNS facilitates the mass and charge transfer during catalysis and the atomic configuration favors the desorption of *OH kinetically.
Self‐Assembly of Lamellae‐in‐Lamellae by Double‐Tail Cationic Surfactants
Authors: Zhong Zhixuan , Du Guanqun , Ma Linbo , Wang Yilin , Jiang Jian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe molecular structures of surfactants play a pivotal role in influencing their self‐assembly behaviors. In this work, using simulations and experiments, an unconventional hierarchically layered structure in the didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB)/water binary system: lamellae‐in‐lamellae is revealed, a new self‐assembly structure in surfactant system. This self‐assembly structure refers to a lamellar structure with a shorter periodic length (inner lamellae) embedded in a lamellar phase with a longer periodic length (outer lamellae). The normal vectors of these two lamellar regions orient perpendicularly. In addition, it is observed that this lamellar‐in‐lamellar phase disappears when the two tails of the cationic surfactants become longer. The formation of the lamellar‐in‐lamellar architecture arises from multiple interacting factors. The key element is that the short tails of the DDAB surfactants enhance hydrophilicity and rigidity, which facilitates the formation of the inner lamellae. Moreover, the lateral monolayer of the inner lamellae provides shielding from the water and prompts the formation of the outer lamellae. These findings indicate that molecular structures and flexibility can profoundly redirect the hierarchical self‐assembly behaviors in amphiphilic systems. More broadly, this work presents a new strategy to deliberately program hierarchical nanomaterials by designing specific surfactant molecules to act as tunable scaffolds, reactors, and carriers.
Transparent Conducting TiO2 Thin Film Induced by Electric‐Field Controlled Hydrogen Ion Intercalation
Authors: Wang Yuqian , Cai Guanghui , Chen Zhanfen , Peng Huining , Zhang Qinghua , Gao Lei , Zhu Mingtong , Lyu Xiangyu , Lu Chao , Liu Jin , Li Mengcheng , Liang Keyue , Liu Pengyu , Wang Lu , Tao Huayu , Song Jiayi , Wang Qiang , Ji Ailing , Liu Miao , Li Chaorong , Gu Lin , Yu Pu , Cao Zexian , Lu Nianpeng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRealizing transformation from transparent insulating to transparent conducting, is a pursuing goal in designing and fabricating novel optoelectronic materials and devices. Here, a pronounced insulating to metal transition in anatase TiO2 thin films is achieved through ionic liquid gating, and interestingly the material maintains an invariable high optical transparency. It is revealed that the emergent metallic state can be attributed to the electron doping associated with the hydrogen ion intercalation. Importantly, the hydrogenation leads to the almost rigid shift of the Fermi energy and therefore maintains nicely the transparency at the visible light region. This result is in strong contrast with the case of oxygen vacancy doping, in which the optical bandgap is suppressed due to improved orbitals hybridization and intraband transition. Moreover, through synergistic ion‐electron doping, the selective control of the gating area and pattern is realized in the micrometer or even nanometer scale with extremely distinct physical properties, which can be employed to fabricate novel optical and electronic devices. The result greatly deepens the understanding of the underlying physics and formation mechanism of transparent conducting oxide (TCO) materials. It is envisioned that this work would provide a new pathway to design other potential optoelectronic materials with novel functionalities.
Trends in severity of work‐related traumatic injury and musculoskeletal disorder, Ontario 2004–2017
Authors: Biswas Aviroop , Mustard Cameron A. , Landsman Victoria 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesTraumatic injury surveillance can be enhanced by describing injury severity trends. This study reports trends in work‐related injury severity for males and females over the period 2004–2017 in Ontario, Canada.MethodsA weighted measure of workers' compensation benefit expenditures was used to define injury severity, obtained from the linkage of workers' compensation claims to emergency department (ED) records where the main injury or illness was attributed to work. Denominator counts were obtained from Statistics Canada's Labor Force Survey. Trends in the annual incidence of injury, classified as low, moderate, or high severity, were examined using regression modeling, stratified by age and sex.ResultsOver a 14‐year observation period, there were 1,636,866 ED records included in the analyses. Overall, 57.6% of occupational injury records were classified as low severity, 29.5% as moderate severity, and 12.8% as high severity conditions. There was an increase in the incidence of high severity injuries among females (annual percent change (APC): 1.52%; 95% CI: 0.77, 2.28), while the incidence of low and moderate severity injuries generally declined for males and females. Among females, injuries attributed to animate mechanical forces and assault increased as causes of low, moderate, and high severity injuries. The incidence of concussion increased for both males (APC: 10.51%; 95% CI: 8.18, 12.88) and females (APC: 16.37%; 95% CI: 13.37, 19.45).ConclusionThe incidence of severe work‐related injuries increased among females in Ontario between 2004 and 2017. The methods applied in this surveillance study of traumatic injury severity are plausibly generalizable to applications in other jurisdictions.
Creating High‐entropy Single Atoms on Transition Disulfides through Substrate‐induced Redox Dynamics for Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Luo Zhaoyan , Guo Yirun , He Changjie , Guan Yi , Zhang Lei , Li Yongliang , Zhang Qiangling , He Chuanxin , Sun Xueliang , Ren Xiangzhong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe controllable anchoring of multiple metal single‐atoms (SAs) into a single support exhibits scientific and technological opportunities, while marrying the concentration‐complex multimetallic SAs and high‐entropy SAs (HESAs) into one SAC system remains a substantial challenge. Here, we present a substrate‐mediated SAs formation strategy to successfully fabricate a library of multimetallic SAs and HESAs on MoS2 and MoSe2 supports, which can precisely control the doping location of SAs. Specially, the contents of SAs can continuously increase until the accessible Mo atoms on TMDs carriers are completely replaced by SAs, thus allowing the of much higher metal contents. In‐depth mechanistic study shows that the well‐controlled synthesis of multimetallic SAs and HESAs is realized by controlling the reversible redox reaction occurred on the TMDs/TM ion interface. As a proof‐of‐concept application, a variety of SAs‐TMDs were applied to hydrogen evolution reaction. The optimized HESAs‐TMDs (Pt,Ru,Rh,Pd,Re‐MoSe2) delivers a much higher activity and durability than state of‐the‐art Pt. Thus, our work will broaden the family of single‐atom catalysts and provide a new guideline for the rational design of high‐performance single‐atom catalysts.
Symmetry‐breaking of Dibenzo[b,d]thiophene Sulfone Enhancing Polaron Generation for Boosted Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Lin Wei‐Cheng , Wu Yi‐Hsiang , Sun Yu‐En , Elsenety Mohamed M. , Lin Wan‐Chi , Yen Jui‐Chen , Hsu Hung‐Kai , Chen Bo‐Han , Huang Hung‐Yi , Chang Chia‐An , Huang Tse‐Fu , Zhuang Ying‐Rang , Tseng Yuan‐Ting , Lin Kun‐Han , Yang Shang‐Da , Yu Chi‐Hua , Chou Ho‐Hsiu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe current bottleneck in the development of efficient photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution is the limited availability of high‐performance acceptor units. Over the past nine years, dibenzo[b,d]thiophene sulfone (DBS) has been the preferred choice for the acceptor unit. Despite extensive exploration of alternative structures as potential replacements for DBS, a superior substitute remains elusive. In this study, a symmetry‐breaking strategy was employed on DBS to develop a novel acceptor unit, BBTT‐1SO. The asymmetric structure of BBTT‐1SO proved beneficial for increasing multiple moment and polarizability. BBTT‐1SO‐containing polymers showed higher efficiencies for hydrogen evolution than their DBS‐containing counterparts by up to 166 %. PBBTT‐1SO exhibited an excellent hydrogen evolution rate (HER) of 222.03 mmol g−1 h−1 and an apparent quantum yield of 27.5 % at 500 nm. Transient spectroscopic studies indicated that the BBTT‐1SO‐based polymers facilitated electron polaron formation, which explains their superior HERs. PBBTT‐1SO also showed 14 % higher HER in natural seawater splitting than that in deionized water splitting. Molecular dynamics simulations highlighted the enhanced water‐PBBTT‐1SO polymer interactions in salt‐containing solutions. This study presents a pioneering example of a substitute acceptor unit for DBS in the construction of high‐performance photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution.
The synergy of the matrix modification and fiber geometry to enhance the thermo‐mechanical properties of basalt fiber‐polypropylene composites for automotive applications
Authors: Balaji K. V. , Shirvanimoghaddam Kamyar , Yadav Ramdayal , Mahmoodi Roya , Unnikrishnan Vishnu , Naebe Minoo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBasalt fiber reinforced polypropylene composites with two initial fiber lengths (3.2 and 6.4 mm) were fabricated using twin‐screw extrusion compounding. In the case of composites with smaller initial fiber length, basalt fibers predominantly served as nucleating agents for polypropylene thereby resulting in an increase in the degree of crystallinity. The addition of polypropylene‐g‐maleic anhydride (PP‐g‐MA) caused the matrix to become amorphous, which was due to the establishment of a fiber–matrix interphase. This behavior was different for the composites with relatively larger initial fiber length especially at higher fiber content. The reduction in fiber length in the composites caused a decrease in crystallinity, as this hindered the ability of the polypropylene matrix to form crystals. Addition of PP‐g‐MA established a fiber–matrix interphase thereby synergistically contributing to the increased matrix amorphousness of the basalt fiber reinforced polypropylene composites with 6.4 mm initial fiber length. Reduced fiber length due to processing also accelerated the thermal degradation of the composites with an initial fiber length of 6.4 mm. However, the reduction in fiber length due to processing resulted in increased fiber orientation, which contributed to the improvement in tensile and flexural properties of the basalt fiber reinforced polypropylene composites with an initial fiber length of 6.4 mm. At 30% fiber content, the tensile strength and modulus of basalt fiber reinforced matrix modified polypropylene composites with 6.4 mm initial fiber length improved by 18% and 13% as compared with the composites with 3.2 mm initial fiber length.
Current scenario of fused pyrimidines with in vivo anticancer therapeutic potential
Authors: Xu Zhi , Wang Li , Hu Hongyan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCancer, characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and metastasis, is responsible for nearly one in six deaths and represents a severe threat to public health worldwide. Chemotherapy can substantially improve the quality of life and survival of patients with cancer, but anticancer chemotherapeutics are associated with a range of adverse effects. Moreover, almost all currently available anticancer chemotherapeutics could develop drug resistance over a period of time of application in cancer patients and ultimately lead to cancer relapse and death in 90% of patients, creating an urgent need to develop new anticancer agents. Fused pyrimidines trait the inextricable part of DNA and RNA and are vital in numerous biological processes. Fused pyrimidines can act on various biological cancer targets and have the potential to address drug resistance. In addition, more than 20 fused pyrimidines have already been approved for clinical treatment of different cancers and occupy a prominent place in the current therapeutic arsenal, revealing that fused pyrimidines are privileged scaffolds for the development of novel anticancer chemotherapeutics. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current scenario of fused pyrimidines with in vivo anticancer therapeutic potential along with their acute toxicity, metabolic profiles as well as pharmacokinetic properties, toxicity and mechanisms of action developed from 2020 to the present to facilitate further rational exploitation of more effective candidates.
Integrating Radiomics and Neural Networks for Knee Osteoarthritis Incidence Prediction
Authors: Li Shengfa , Cao Peihua , Li Jia , Chen Tianyu , Luo Ping , Ruan Guangfeng , Zhang Yan , Wang Xiaoshuai , Han Weiyu , Zhu Zhaohua , Dang Qin , Wang Qianyi , Zhang Mengdi , Bai Qiushun , Chai Zhiyi , Yang Hao , Chen Haowei , Tang Mingze , Akbar Arafat , Tack Alexander , Hunter David J. , Ding Changhai 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveAccurately predicting knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is essential for early detection and personalized treatment. We aimed to develop and test a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐based joint space (JS) radiomic model (RM) to predict radiographic KOA incidence through neural networks by integrating meniscus and femorotibial cartilage radiomic features.MethodsIn the Osteoarthritis Initiative cohort, participants with knees without radiographic KOA at baseline but at high risk for radiographic KOA were included. Patients’ knees developed radiographic KOA, whereas control knees did not over four years. We randomly split the participants into development and test cohorts (8:2) and extracted features from baseline three‐dimensional double‐echo steady‐state sequence MRI. Model performance was evaluated using an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity in both cohorts. Nine resident surgeons performed the reader experiment without/with the JS‐RM aid.ResultsOur study included 549 knees in the development cohort (275 knees of patients with KOA vs 274 knees of controls) and 137 knees in the test cohort (68 knees of patients with KOA vs 69 knees of controls). In the test cohort, JS‐RM had a favorable accuracy for predicting the radiographic KOA incidence with an AUC of 0.931 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.876–0.963), a sensitivity of 84.4% (95% CI 83.9%–84.9%), and a specificity of 85.6% (95% CI 85.2%–86.0%). The mean specificity and sensitivity of resident surgeons through MRI reading in predicting radiographic KOA incidence were increased from 0.474 (95% CI 0.333–0.614) and 0.586 (95% CI 0.429–0.743) without the assistance of JS‐RM to 0.874 (95% CI 0.847–0.901) and 0.812 (95% CI 0.742–0.881) with JS‐RM assistance, respectively (P < 0.001).ConclusionJS‐RM integrating the features of the meniscus and cartilage showed improved predictive values in radiographic KOA incidence.image
Novel Dual‐Emission Emitters Featuring Phenothiazine‐S‐Oxide and Phenothiazine‐S,S‐Dioxide Motifs
Authors: Zhang Ming‐Xing , Yang Xiaofei , Tan Fen , Zhang Hongquan , Xu Ningning , Zeng Guoping , Xu Zhiqiang , Hua Liu Sheng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, we have successfully designed and synthesized two novel dual‐emission emitters featuring phenothiazine‐5‐oxide and phenothiazine‐5,5‐dioxide motifs, characterized by highly lopsided and asymmetric conformational states. Through rigorous spectral examinations and DFT calculations, the compounds exhibit distinctive ICT phenomena, coupled with efficient emission in solid states and AIEE characteristics under high water fractions in DMF/H2O mixtures. These non‐planar luminogens exhibit vibrant green and blue solid‐state luminescence, with fluorescence quantum yields of 24.1 % and 15.21 %, respectively. Additionally, they both emit green fluorescence in THF solution, with notable emission quantum yields (QYs) 36.4 % and 30.4 %. Comprehensive theoretical investigations unveil well‐defined electron cloud density separation between the energies of HOMO/LUMO levels within the two luminogens. Notably, the targeted molecule harboring the phenothiazine‐S,S‐dioxide motif also demonstrates remarkable reversible mechanofluorochromic properties. Moreover, we testify their potential in applications such as solid‐state rewritable information storage and live‐cell imaging in solution states. Through theoretical calculations and comparative studies, we have explored the intrinsic relationship between molecular structure and performance, effectively screening and identifying new fluorescent molecules exhibiting outstanding luminescent attributes. These discoveries establish a robust theoretical and technical foundation for the synthesis and application of efficient DSE‐based MFC materials, opening new avenues in the realm of advanced luminescent materials.