bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient Cooperative Spectrum Sensing with Minimum Sensing Error Probability in Heterogeneous Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: Hu Hang , Li Ning , Xu Youyun 
Published: June 2012

AbstractTo improve the sensing performance, cooperation among secondary users can be utilized to collect space diversity. We focus on the optimization of cooperative spectrum sensing in which multiple secondary users efficiently cooperate to achieve superior detection accuracy with minimum sensing error probability in heterogeneous cognitive radio (CR) networks. Rayleigh fading and Nakagami fading are considered respectively in cognitive network I and cognitive network II. For each cognitive network, we derive the optimal randomized rule for different decision threshold. Then, the optimal decision threshold is derived according to the rule of minimum sensing error (MSE). MSE rule shows better performance on improving the final false alarm and detection probability simultaneously. By simulations, our proposed strategy optimizes the sensing performance for each secondary user which is randomly distributed in the heterogeneous cognitive radio networks.
A Compact Cross-Shaped Slot Antenna with a Coplanar Waveguide Fed Rotated Patch for UWB Applications
Authors: Wang Ping , Wen Guang-Jun , Jin Hai-Yan 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIn this letter, a compact cross-shaped slot antenna with a coplanar waveguide fed rotated patch is presented and experimentally studied. By properly designing the dimensions of cross-shaped slot and rotated patch, good UWB property can be obtained. In comparison with the previous slot antennas, the proposed antenna has a smaller size as high as
Statistische Modellierung
Authors: Gries Stefan Th. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis paper provides an overview of central aspects of statistical modeling of linguistic data. Starting from a general definition of model, the paper discusses the goals of modeling as well as a variety of issues bearing upon the formulation/definition of statistical models. It then surveys model selection, the choice of ‘the best model’ and three fundamental notions affecting the interpretation of models. Finally, the paper turns to validation and replicability and addresses a variety of challenges researchers face during modeling processes.
Comparison of the Performance of Copper Oxide Nanofluid with Water in Electronic Cooling
Authors: Namburu Praveen K. , Das K. Debendra , Vajjha S. Ravikanth 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
A numerical study to compare the performance of water and copper oxide (CuO) nanofluid flowing under laminar regime in a parallel-plate channel, serving as a heat sink in an electronic device, has been presented. The geometry considered here is commonly used in the design of heat sinks suitable for cooling an array of microprocessor chips for which air cooling is insufficient. The influence of nanofluids concentration on local and average skin friction coefficients, Nusselt numbers, and convective heat-transfer coefficients in the channel have been analyzed in detail. The increases in the skin friction and heat transfer with volumetric concentration of nanoparticles have been evaluated from numerical simulations in the Reynolds number range of 100 to 2000. The analysis shows that the flow in this heat sink is hydrodynamically and thermally developing, for which the axial variations of local skin friction and local Nusselt number are presented. As an example, computational results for an 8 % volumetric concentration of CuO nanofluid shows that at a Reynolds number of 2000, the average heat-transfer coefficient increases nearly by a factor of 2 in comparison with pure water. From a detailed analysis summarized in Table 2, it is observed that there is an increase in the pressure loss as the particle concentration increases. For the CuO nanofluid of dilute concentration of 2 %, a slightly higher pumping power of about 10 % compared to water is predicted. This may be tolerable for the thermal protection of expensive electronic chips, in applications where the chip cost is the dominant factor.
Serotonin Transporter Role in Identifying Similarities Between SIDS and Idiopathic ALTE
Authors: Filonzi Laura , Magnani Cinzia , Nosetti Luana , Nespoli Luigi , Borghi Camilla , Vaghi Marina , Nonnis Marzano Francesco 
Published: June 2012

OBJECTIVE:
Considering previous genetic studies on sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and the role of L/L serotonin transporter (5HTT) genotype and correlated genes monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) and dopamine transporter (DAT) in unexpected death, an investigation was carried out verifying their involvement in apparent life-threatening events (ALTE and idiopathic form [IALTE]), also assessing common molecular basis with SIDS.

METHODS:
Differential diagnoses in 76 ALTE infants, distinguishing ALTE from IALTE was elaborated by using clinical-diagnostic data. Genotypes/allelic frequencies of DAT, MAOA, and 5HTT were determined in ALTE and IALTE infants and compared with data obtained from 20 SIDS and 150 controls.

RESULTS:
No association was found between DAT polymorphisms and ALTE/IALTE groups either at the genotype or allelic level (P range .11–.94). MAOA genotypes and allele data comparison between ALTE and controls was not significant; IALTE data showed a tendency for genotypes (P = .09) and were statistically significant for alleles (P = .036); however, MAOA significance disappeared once the Bonferroni correction was applied. 5HTT polymorphisms in IALTE remarked the role of L/L genotype (P &lt; .00001) and L (P &lt; .00001), as previously demonstrated in SIDS.

CONCLUSIONS:
Considering correspondence between 5HTT and MAOA in IALTE and SIDS, we hypothesize that the 2 syndromes are different expressions of a common ethiopathogenesis. In particular, genetic data suggest SIDS events could derive from IALTE episodes occurred during sleep, and therefore out of parental control. Despite its functional role, results highlight the usefulness of 5HTT as a valuable tracer of SIDS risk in IALTE infants. Owing to the small sample size, the results are to be considered preliminary and should be reevaluated in an independent sample.
Population structure, demographic history, and evolutionary patterns of a green‐fruited tomato,Solanum peruvianum(Solanaceae), revealed by spatial genetics analyses
Authors: Nakazato Takuya , Franklin Robert A. , Kirk Burton C. , Housworth Elizabeth A. 
Published: June 2012

•Premise of the study:Wild relatives of crop species have long been viewed as an important genetic resource for crop improvement, but basic information about the population biology of these species is often lacking. This study investigated the population structure, demographic history, and evolutionary patterns of a green‐fruited relative of the cultivated tomato,Solanum peruvianum.•Methods:We investigated spatial genetics ofS. peruvianumand screened for loci potentially under natural selection by integrating amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) genotypes, phenotypic data, geography, and geographic information system (GIS)‐derived climate data of 19 natural populations.•Key results:Solanum peruvianumhad a moderate degree of population differentiation, likely reflecting partial geographic isolation between species. Populations had a distribution pattern consistent with north‐to‐south “stepping‐stone” dispersal with significant isolation by distance (IBD), similar to other tomato species. Several AFLP loci showed evidence of selection and associated with climate variables. However, phenotypic traits generally did not correlate with climate variables.•Conclusions:Geographic features of the coastal Andes is likely an important factor that determines the migration pattern and population structure ofS. peruvianum, but climatic factors do not appear to be critical for its phenotypic evolution, perhaps due to a high degree of phenotypic plasticity. Spatial genetics of wild relatives of crop species is a powerful approach to understand their evolutionary patterns and to accelerate the discovery of their potential for crop improvements.
Transposon-Derived and Satellite-Derived Repetitive Sequences Play Distinct Functional Roles in Mammalian Intron Size Expansion
Authors: Wang Dapeng , Su Yao , Wang Xumin , Lei Hongxing , Yu Jun 
Published: June 2012

Background Repetitive sequences (RSs) are redundant, complex at times, and often lineage-specific, representing significant “building” materials for genes and genomes. According to their origins, sequence characteristics, and ways of propagation, repetitive sequences are divided into transposable elements (TEs) and satellite sequences (SSs) as well as related subfamilies and subgroups hierarchically. The combined changes attributable to the repetitive sequences alter gene and genome architectures, such as the expansion of exonic, intronic, and intergenic sequences, and most of them propagate in a seemingly random fashion and contribute very significantly to the entire mutation spectrum of mammalian genomes. Principal findings Our analysis is focused on evolutional features of TEs and SSs in the intronic sequence of twelve selected mammalian genomes. We divided them into four groups–-primates, large mammals, rodents, and primary mammals–-and used four non-mammalian vertebrate species as the out-group. After classifying intron size variation in an intron-centric way based on RS-dominance (TE-dominant or SS-dominant intron expansions), we observed several distinct profiles in intron length and positioning in different vertebrate lineages, such as retrotransposon-dominance in mammals and DNA transposon-dominance in the lower vertebrates, amphibians and fishes. The RS patterns of mouse and rat genes are most striking, which are not only distinct from those of other mammals but also different from that of the third rodent species analyzed in this study–-guinea pig. Looking into the biological functions of relevant genes, we observed a two-dimensional divergence; in particular, genes that possess SS-dominant and/or RS-free introns are enriched in tissue-specific development and transcription regulation in all mammalian lineages. In addition, we found that the tendency of transposons in increasing intron size is much stronger than that of satellites, and the combined effect of both RSs is greater than either one of them alone in a simple arithmetic sum among the mammals and the opposite is found among the four non-mammalian vertebrates. Conclusions TE- and SS-derived RSs represent major mutational forces shaping the size and composition of vertebrate genes and genomes, and through natural selection they either fine-tune or facilitate changes in size expansion, position variation, and duplication, and thus in functions and evolutionary paths for better survival and fitness. When analyzed globally, not only are such changes significantly diversified but also comprehensible in lineages and biological implications.
Cannabis, Tobacco Use, and COVID-19 Outcomes
Authors: Griffith Nicholas B. , Baker Timothy B. , Heiden Brendan T. , Smock Nina , Pham Giang , Chen Jingling , Yu Justin , Reddy James , Lai Albert M. , Hogue Eric , Bierut Laura J. , Chen Li-Shiun 
Published: June 2024

ImportanceIt is unclear whether cannabis use is associated with adverse health outcomes in patients with COVID-19 when accounting for known risk factors, including tobacco use.ObjectiveTo examine whether cannabis and tobacco use are associated with adverse health outcomes from COVID-19 in the context of other known risk factors.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study used electronic health record data from February 1, 2020, to January 31, 2022. This study included patients who were identified as having COVID-19 during at least 1 medical visit at a large academic medical center in the Midwest US.ExposuresCurrent cannabis use and tobacco smoking, as documented in the medical encounter.Main Outcomes and MeasuresHealth outcomes of hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and all-cause mortality following COVID-19 infection. The association between substance use (cannabis and tobacco) and these COVID-19 outcomes was assessed using multivariable modeling.ResultsA total of 72 501 patients with COVID-19 were included (mean [SD] age, 48.9 [19.3] years; 43 315 [59.7%] female; 9710 [13.4%] had current smoking; 17 654 [24.4%] had former smoking; and 7060 [9.7%] had current use of cannabis). Current tobacco smoking was significantly associated with increased risk of hospitalization (odds ratio [OR], 1.72; 95% CI, 1.62-1.82; P &amp;lt; .001), ICU admission (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.10-1.34; P &amp;lt; .001), and all-cause mortality (OR, 1.37, 95% CI, 1.20-1.57; P &amp;lt; .001) after adjusting for other factors. Cannabis use was significantly associated with increased risk of hospitalization (OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.68-1.93; P &amp;lt; .001) and ICU admission (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.14-1.41; P &amp;lt; .001) but not with all-cause mortality (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.82-1.14, P = .69) after adjusting for tobacco smoking, vaccination, comorbidity, diagnosis date, and demographic factors.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this cohort study suggest that cannabis use may be an independent risk factor for COVID-19–related complications, even after considering cigarette smoking, vaccination status, comorbidities, and other risk factors.
Tough and Transparent Supramolecular Cross‐Linked Co‐Assembled Silk Fibroin Films for Passive Radiative Cooling
Authors: Wen Zhongyuan , Tang Jingzhi , Zhai Maomao , Wang Sihuan , Zhang Shouwei , Wang Jinfeng , Cui Yongming , Liu Qingtao , Zhang Jinming , Wang Xungai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSilk fibroin (SF) is a natural biomaterial from silk, which has outstanding biocompatibility. However, regeneration SF materials usually suffer from brittleness, which restricts their applications. Here, a novel supramolecular co‐assembly strategy is reported for the preparation of a Bolas‐shaped polyethylene glycol peptide (BPP)/SF film, where the peptide and SF form a robust payload co‐assembled network and polyethylene glycol (PEG) fragments form supramolecular cross‐linking in this network. The obtained BPP/SF film shows both high stress (27.8 MPa), high toughness (3.64 MJ m−3), high transparency (89%), and high mid‐infrared (MIR) emissivity (90.5%). In passive radiative cooling, the BPP/SF film results in a 2.7 °C reduction in the temperature of the human arm skin and a 14.6 °C reduction in the temperature of the solar cell. More importantly, this novel BPP co‐assembly SF material can be recycled and reused while maintaining its original mechanical strength. This work provides a novel strategy for fabricating regenerative SF materials with ultra‐strong and ultra‐tough mechanical performance.
Amino‐Acid‐Encoded Supramolecular Nanostructures for Persistent Bioluminescence Imaging of Tumor
Authors: Huang Yifan , Yu Zian , Peng Jiancheng , Yu Qin , Xu Hao , Yang Miaomiao , Yuan Sijie , Zhang Qianzijing , Yang Yanyun , Gao Jin , Yuan Yue 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBioluminescence imaging (BLI) is a powerful technique for noninvasive monitoring of biological processes and cell transplantation. Nonetheless, the application of D‐luciferin, which is widely employed as a bioluminescent probe, is restricted in long‐term in vivo tracking due to its short half‐life. This study presents a novel approach using amino acid‐encoded building blocks to accumulate and preserve luciferin within tumor cells, through a supramolecular self‐assembly strategy. The building block platform called Cys(SEt)‐X‐CBT (CXCBT, with X representing any amino acid) utilizes a covalent‐noncovalent hybrid self‐assembly mechanism to generate diverse luciferin‐containing nanostructures in tumor cells after glutathione reduction. These nanostructures exhibit efficient tumor‐targeted delivery as well as sequence‐dependent well‐designed morphologies and prolonged bioluminescence performance. Among the selected amino acids (X = Glu, Lys, Leu, Phe), Cys(SEt)‐Lys‐CBT (CKCBT) exhibits the superior long‐lasting bioluminescence signal (up to 72 h) and good biocompatibility. This study demonstrates the potential of amino‐acid‐encoded supramolecular self‐assembly as a convenient and effective method for developing BLI probes for long‐term biological tracking and disease imaging.
A Highly Stretchable, Conductive, and Transparent Bioadhesive Hydrogel as a Flexible Sensor for Enhanced Real‐Time Human Health Monitoring
Authors: Roy Arpita , Zenker Shea , Jain Saumya , Afshari Ronak , Oz Yavuz , Zheng Yuting , Annabi Nasim 
Published: June 2024

AbstractReal‐time continuous monitoring of non‐cognitive markers is crucial for the early detection and management of chronic conditions. Current diagnostic methods are often invasive and not suitable for at‐home monitoring. An elastic, adhesive, and biodegradable hydrogel‐based wearable sensor with superior accuracy and durability for monitoring real‐time human health is developed. Employing a supramolecular engineering strategy, a pseudo‐slide‐ring hydrogel is synthesized by combining polyacrylamide (pAAm), β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD), and poly 2‐(acryloyloxy)ethyltrimethylammonium chloride (AETAc) bio ionic liquid (Bio‐IL). This novel approach decouples conflicting mechano–chemical effects arising from different molecular building blocks and provides a balance of mechanical toughness (1.1 × 106Jm−3), flexibility, conductivity (≈0.29 S m−1), and tissue adhesion (≈27 kPa), along with rapid self‐healing and remarkable stretchability (≈3000%). Unlike traditional hydrogels, the one‐pot synthesis avoids chemical crosslinkers and metallic nanofillers, reducing cytotoxicity. While the pAAm provides mechanical strength, the formation of the pseudo‐slide‐ring structure ensures high stretchability and flexibility. Combining pAAm with β‐CD and pAETAc enhances biocompatibility and biodegradability, as confirmed by in vitro and in vivo studies. The hydrogel also offers transparency, passive‐cooling, ultraviolet (UV)‐shielding, and 3D printability, enhancing its practicality for everyday use. The engineered sensor demonstratesimproved efficiency, stability, and sensitivity in motion/haptic sensing, advancing real‐time human healthcare monitoring.
Unveiling the In Situ Evolution of Li2O‐Rich Solid Electrolyte Interface on CoOx Embedded Carbon Fibers as Li Anode Host
Authors: Hao Zhimin , Liu Dapeng , Zuo Xintao , Yu Haohan , Zhang Yu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractModification of three‐dimensional (3D) carbon hosts with metal oxides has been considered as advantageous for the formation of Li2O‐rich solid electrolyte interface (SEI), which can show fast Li+ diffusion, and meanwhile alleviate dendrite problems caused by fragility and nonuniformity of native SEIs. However, the lack of convincing experimental evidence has made it difficult to unveil the true origin of oxygen in Li2O‐rich SEIs until now. Herein, CoOx embedded carbon nanofibers (CNF‐CoOx) are successfully prepared as high‐performance Li anode hosts. By employing 18O isotope labeling, the role of CoOx during SEI evolution is elucidated, revealing that CoOx contributes significantly to Li2O formation by delivering oxygen. Benefiting from the rich Li2O content, the as‐formed SEIs greatly improve the Li+ migration kinetics, and therefore, the CNF‐CoOx@Li anode can exhibit excellent cycling stability in half, symmetrical, and full cells.
Controlled Nucleation and Oriented Crystallization of Methylammonium‐Free Perovskites via In Situ Generated 2D Perovskite Phases
Authors: Gao Yuping , Song Zonglong , Fu Qiang , Chen Yu , Yang Liu , Hu Ziyang , Chen Yongsheng , Liu Yongsheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEnhancing stability while maintaining high efficiency is among the primary challenges in the commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, a crystal growth technique assisted by in situ generated 2D perovskite phases has been developed to construct high‐quality 2D/3D perovskite films. The in situ generated 2D perovskite serve as templates for regulating the nucleation and oriented crystal growth in the α‐FAPbI3‐rich film. This led to a high film quality with much reduced trap density and an ultralong carrier lifetime. The obtained perovskite film shows excellent stability under extreme environment conditions (T = 200 °C, RH = 75 ± 5%). The corresponding PSC achieved an efficiency of 26.16% (certified 25.84%), along with excellent operational stability (T93 > 1300 h, T ≅ 50 °C) as well as outstanding high and low temperature cycle stability.
Ultraflexible Ring‐Shaped Organic Photodetectors for Motion Artifact‐Less Photoplethysmography
Authors: Liu Limei , Lu Zihan , Yan Zhenyu , Wang Haoyang , Su Zhicheng , Yokota Tomoyuki , Someya Takao , Wang Binghao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOwing to compact size and affordability, wearable photoplethysmogram sensors provide real‐time physiological parameters that are critical for vital signs monitoring. However, the measurement accuracy, especially during physical activities, is the main obstacle toward clinical practice. Here, ring‐shaped ultraflexible organic photodetectors （OPDs） are proposed that can form conformal contact with the skin fingerprints and monitor pulse wave under faint light source of ≈22 µW cm−2. The ring‐shape and ultraflexible design, together with optimized donor‐acceptor composition, active layer thickness, and large active area (0.1 cm2) endow the OPDs with low dark current (3.66 × 10−10 A cm−2 at −1 V), high detectivity (1.5 × 1013 Jones), and motion artifact‐free when moving at a speed of 5 cm s−1.
Synthesis and Properties of Polysilsesquioxane Functionalized Poly(p‐terphenyl‐co‐N‐methyl‐4‐piperidine) Membrane for High Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Wang Lele , Wang Ting , Wang Qian , Wang Jin , Yang Jingshuai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe development of high‐performance, cost‐effective high temperature polymer electrolyte membranes (HT‐PEMs) is a great challenge for HT‐PEM fuel cells. In this study, a new HT‐PEM of polysilsesquioxane functionalized poly(p‐terphenyl‐co‐N‐methyl‐4‐piperidine) (PTP‐CPTMS) is reported. Owing to the incorporation of the polysilsesquioxane network, the PTP‐CPTMS membrane demonstrates an excellent phosphoric acid (PA) doping capacity and controlled swelling, compared to the benchmarks, that is, pristine PTP membrane and propyl group grafted PTP membrane (PTP‐C3). As a result, the PTP‐CPTMS/208%PA membrane exhibits a low volume swelling of 77%, a high conductivity of 0.070 S cm−1 at 180 °C and a satisfactory tensile strength of 4.9 MPa at room temperature. Based on the above membrane, the H2‐O2 single cell is assembled and displays a steadily increased peak power density up to 220 °C, which is 769 mW cm−2 without the need for external humidification or backpressure. This work provides a kind of polysilsesquioxane functionalized HT‐PEMs, which hold substantial potential for application in HT‐PEM fuel cells.