bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capture of single Ag atoms through high-temperature-induced crystal plane reconstruction
Authors: Li Jiaxin , Li Kai , Li Zhao , Wang Chunxue , Liang Yifei , Pang Yatong , Ma Jinzhu , Wang Fei , Ning Ping , He Hong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe “terminal hydroxyl group anchoring mechanism” has been studied on metal oxides (Al2O3, CeO2) as well as a variety of noble and transition metals (Ag, Pt, Pd, Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn, and Co) in a number of generalized studies, but there is still a gap in how to regulate the content of terminal hydroxyl groups to influence the dispersion of the active species and thus to achieve optimal catalytic performance. Herein, we utilized AlOOH as a precursor for γ-Al2O3 and induced the transformation of the exposed crystal face of γ-Al2O3 from (110) to (100) by controlling the calcination temperature to generate more terminal hydroxyl groups to anchor Ag species. Experimental results combined with AIMD and DFT show that temperature can drive the atomic rearrangement on the (110) crystal face, thereby forming a structure similar to the atomic arrangement of the (100) crystal face. This resulted in the formation of more terminal hydroxyl groups during the high-temperature calcination of the support (Al-900), which can capture Ag species to form single-atom dispersions, and ultimately develop a stable and efficient single-atom Ag-based catalyst.
Flash heating process for efficient meat preservation
Authors: Mao Yimin , Ma Peihua , Li Tangyuan , Liu He , Zhao Xinpeng , Liu Shufeng , Jia Xiaoxue , Rahaman Shaik O. , Wang Xizheng , Zhao Minhua , Chen Gang , Xie Hua , Brozena Alexandra H. , Zhou Bin , Luo Yaguang , Tarté Rodrigo , Wei Cheng-I , Wang Qin , Briber Robert M. , Hu Liangbing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMaintaining food safety and quality is critical for public health and food security. Conventional food preservation methods, such as pasteurization and dehydration, often change the overall organoleptic quality of the food products. Herein, we demonstrate a method that affects only a thin surface layer of the food, using beef as a model. In this method, Joule heating is generated by applying high electric power to a carbon substrate in <1 s, which causes a transient increase of the substrate temperature to > ~2000 K. The beef surface in direct contact with the heating substrate is subjected to ultra-high temperature flash heating, leading to the formation of a microbe-inactivated, dehydrated layer of ~100 µm in thickness. Aerobic mesophilic bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, yeast and mold on the treated samples are inactivated to a level below the detection limit and remained low during room temperature storage of 5 days. Meanwhile, the product quality, including visual appearance, texture, and nutrient level of the beef, remains mostly unchanged. In contrast, microorganisms grow rapidly on the untreated control samples, along with a rapid deterioration of the meat quality. This method might serve as a promising preservation technology for securing food safety and quality.
Intramolecular autoinhibition regulates the selectivity of PRPF40A tandem WW domains for proline-rich motifs
Authors: Martínez-Lumbreras Santiago , Träger Lena K. , Mulorz Miriam M. , Payr Marco , Dikaya Varvara , Hipp Clara , König Julian , Sattler Michael 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPRPF40A plays an important role in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing by mediating protein-protein interactions in the early steps of spliceosome assembly. By binding to proteins at the 5´ and 3´ splice sites, PRPF40A promotes spliceosome assembly by bridging the recognition of the splices. The PRPF40A WW domains are expected to recognize proline-rich sequences in SF1 and SF3A1 in the early spliceosome complexes E and A, respectively. Here, we combine NMR, SAXS and ITC to determine the structure of the PRPF40A tandem WW domains in solution and characterize the binding specificity and mechanism for proline-rich motifs recognition. Our structure of the PRPF40A WW tandem in complex with a high-affinity SF1 peptide reveals contributions of both WW domains, which also enables tryptophan sandwiching by two proline residues in the ligand. Unexpectedly, a proline-rich motif in the N-terminal region of PRPF40A mediates intramolecular interactions with the WW tandem. Using NMR, ITC, mutational analysis in vitro, and immunoprecipitation experiments in cells, we show that the intramolecular interaction acts as an autoinhibitory filter for proof-reading of high-affinity proline-rich motifs in bona fide PRPF40A binding partners. We propose that similar autoinhibitory mechanisms are present in most WW tandem-containing proteins to enhance binding selectivity and regulation of WW/proline-rich peptide interaction networks.
Identification and characterization of small molecule inhibitors of the LINE-1 retrotransposon endonuclease
Authors: D’Ordine Alexandra M. , Jogl Gerwald , Sedivy John M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) retrotransposon is the only active autonomously replicating retrotransposon in the human genome. L1 harms the cell by inserting new copies, generating DNA damage, and triggering inflammation. Therefore, L1 inhibition could be used to treat many diseases associated with these processes. Previous research has focused on inhibition of the L1 reverse transcriptase due to the prevalence of well-characterized inhibitors of related viral enzymes. Here we present the L1 endonuclease as another target for reducing L1 activity. We characterize structurally diverse small molecule endonuclease inhibitors using computational, biochemical, and biophysical methods. We also show that these inhibitors reduce L1 retrotransposition, L1-induced DNA damage, and inflammation reinforced by L1 in senescent cells. These inhibitors could be used for further pharmacological development and as tools to better understand the life cycle of this element and its impact on disease processes.
TLR agonists polarize interferon responses in conjunction with dendritic cell vaccination in malignant glioma: a randomized phase II Trial
Authors: Everson Richard G. , Hugo Willy , Sun Lu , Antonios Joseph , Lee Alexander , Ding Lizhong , Bu Melissa , Khattab Sara , Chavez Carolina , Billingslea-Yoon Emma , Salazar Andres , Ellingson Benjamin M. , Cloughesy Timothy F. , Liau Linda M. , Prins Robert M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this randomized phase II clinical trial, we evaluated the effectiveness of adding the TLR agonists, poly-ICLC or resiquimod, to autologous tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cell (ATL-DC) vaccination in patients with newly-diagnosed or recurrent WHO Grade III-IV malignant gliomas. The primary endpoints were to assess the most effective combination of vaccine and adjuvant in order to enhance the immune potency, along with safety. The combination of ATL-DC vaccination and TLR agonist was safe and found to enhance systemic immune responses, as indicated by increased interferon gene expression and changes in immune cell activation. Specifically, PD-1 expression increases on CD4+ T-cells, while CD38 and CD39 expression are reduced on CD8+ T cells, alongside an increase in monocytes. Poly-ICLC treatment amplifies the induction of interferon-induced genes in monocytes and T lymphocytes. Patients that exhibit higher interferon response gene expression demonstrate prolonged survival and delayed disease progression. These findings suggest that combining ATL-DC with poly-ICLC can induce a polarized interferon response in circulating monocytes and CD8+ T cells, which may represent an important blood biomarker for immunotherapy in this patient population.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01204684.
The differential impact of climate interventions along the political divide in 60 countries
Authors: Berkebile-Weinberg Michael , Goldwert Danielle , Doell Kimberly C. , Van Bavel Jay J. , Vlasceanu Madalina 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA major barrier to climate change mitigation is the political polarization of climate change beliefs. In a global experiment conducted in 60 countries (N = 51,224), we assess the differential impact of eleven climate interventions across the ideological divide. At baseline, we find political polarization of climate change beliefs and policy support globally, with people who reported being liberal believing and supporting climate policy more than those who reported being conservative (Cohen’s d = 0.35 and 0.27, respectively). However, we find no evidence for a statistically significant difference between these groups in their engagement in a behavioral tree planting task. This conceptual-behavioral polarization incongruence results from self-identified conservatives acting despite not believing, rather than self-identified liberals not acting on their beliefs. We also find three interventions (emphasizing effective collective actions, writing a letter to a future generation member, and writing a letter from the future self) boost climate beliefs and policy support across the ideological spectrum, and one intervention (emphasizing scientific consensus) stimulates the climate action of people identifying as liberal. None of the interventions tested show evidence for a statistically significant boost in climate action for self-identified conservatives. We discuss implications for practitioners deploying targeted climate interventions.
Diamond with Sp2-Sp3 composite phase for thermometry at Millikelvin temperatures
Authors: Yin Jianan , Yan Yang , Miao Mulin , Tang Jiayin , Jiang Jiali , Liu Hui , Chen Yuhan , Chen Yinxian , Lyu Fucong , Mao Zhengyi , He Yunhu , Wan Lei , Zhou Binbin , Lu Jian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTemperature is one of the seven fundamental physical quantities. The ability to measure temperatures approaching absolute zero has driven numerous advances in low-temperature physics and quantum physics. Currently, millikelvin temperatures and below are measured through the characterization of a certain thermal state of the system as there is no traditional thermometer capable of measuring temperatures at such low levels. In this study, we develop a kind of diamond with sp2-sp3 composite phase to tackle this problem. The synthesized composite phase diamond (CPD) exhibits a negative temperature coefficient, providing an excellent fit across a broad temperature range, and reaching a temperature measurement limit of 1 mK. Additionally, the CPD demonstrates low magnetic field sensitivity and excellent thermal stability, and can be fabricated into probes down to 1 micron in diameter, making it a promising candidate for the manufacture of next-generation cryogenic temperature sensors. This development is significant for the low-temperature physics researches, and can help facilitate the transition of quantum computing, quantum simulation, and other related technologies from research to practical applications.
Multi-color dual wavelength vat photopolymerization 3D printing via spatially controlled acidity
Authors: Chin Kyle C. H. , Ovsepyan Grant , Boydston Andrew J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDual wavelength vat photopolymerization (DW-VP) has emerged as a powerful approach to create multimaterial objects. However, only a limited range of properties have been showcased. In this work, we report the 3D printing (3DP) of multi-color objects from a single resin vat using DW-VP. This was accomplished by concurrently curing resin with visible light and modulating local resin color with 365-nm ultraviolet (UV) light. The key advance was to use a photoacid generator (PAG) in combination with pH responsive dyes in the 3DP resins. The specific color is dictated by the extent of reaction, or local acidity in our case, and controlled by the light dosage and pattern of UV light applied. Multi-color object formation was implemented in two-step processes involving first 3DP to set the object structure, followed by UV exposure, as well as single processes that leveraged DW-VP to create a broad range of vibrant colors and patterns.
Constructing ordered and tunable extrinsic porosity in covalent organic frameworks via water-mediated soft-template strategy
Authors: He Ningning , Zou Yingdi , Chen Cheng , Tan Minghao , Zhang Yingdan , Li Xiaofeng , Jia Zhimin , Zhang Jie , Long Honghan , Peng Haiyue , Yu Kaifu , Jiang Bo , Han Ziqian , Liu Ning , Li Yang , Ma Lijian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAs one of the most attractive methods for the synthesis of ordered hierarchically porous crystalline materials, the soft-template method has not appeared in covalent organic frameworks (COFs) due to the incompatibility of surfactant self-assembly and guided crystallization process of COF precursors in the organic phase. Herein, we connect the soft templates to the COF backbone through ionic bonds, avoiding their crystallization incompatibilities, thus introducing an additional ordered arrangement of soft templates into the anionic microporous COFs. The ion exchange method is used to remove the templates while maintaining the high crystallinity of COFs, resulting in the construction of COFs with ordered hierarchically micropores/mesopores, herein named OHMMCOFs (OHMMCOF-1 and OHMMCOF-2). OHMMCOFs exhibit significantly enhanced functional group accessibility and faster mass transfer rate. The extrinsic porosity can be adjusted by changing the template length, concentration, and ratio. Cationic guanidine-based COFs (OHMMCOF-3) are also constructed using the same method, which verifies the scalability of the soft-template strategy. This work provides a path for constructing ordered and tunable extrinsic porosity in COFs with greatly improved mass transfer efficiency and functional group accessibility.
From creep to flow: Granular materials under cyclic shear
Authors: Yuan Ye , Zeng Zhikun , Xing Yi , Yuan Houfei , Zhang Shuyang , Kob Walter , Wang Yujie 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhen unperturbed, granular materials form stable structures that resemble the ones of other amorphous solids like metallic or colloidal glasses. Whether or not granular materials under shear have an elastic response is not known, and also the influence of particle surface roughness on the yielding transition has so far remained elusive. Here we use X-ray tomography to determine the three-dimensional microscopic dynamics of two granular systems that have different roughness and that are driven by cyclic shear. Both systems, and for all shear amplitudes Γ considered, show a cross-over from creep to diffusive dynamics, indicating that rough granular materials have no elastic response and always yield, in stark contrast to simple glasses. For the system with small roughness, we observe a clear dynamic change at Γ ≈ 0.1, accompanied by a pronounced slowing down and dynamical heterogeneity. For the large roughness system, the dynamics evolves instead continuously as a function of Γ. We rationalize this roughness dependence using the potential energy landscape of the systems: The roughness induces to this landscape a micro-corrugation with a new length scale, whose ratio over the particle size is the relevant parameter. Our results reveal the unexpected richness in relaxation mechanisms for real granular materials.
Observation of interlayer plasmon polaron in graphene/WS2 heterostructures
Authors: Ulstrup Søren , in ’t Veld Yann , Miwa Jill A. , Jones Alfred J. H. , McCreary Kathleen M. , Robinson Jeremy T. , Jonker Berend T. , Singh Simranjeet , Koch Roland J. , Rotenberg Eli , Bostwick Aaron , Jozwiak Chris , Rösner Malte , Katoch Jyoti 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHarnessing electronic excitations involving coherent coupling to bosonic modes is essential for the design and control of emergent phenomena in quantum materials. In situations where charge carriers induce a lattice distortion due to the electron-phonon interaction, the conducting states get “dressed", which leads to the formation of polaronic quasiparticles. The exploration of polaronic effects on low-energy excitations is in its infancy in two-dimensional materials. Here, we present the discovery of an interlayer plasmon polaron in heterostructures composed of graphene on top of single-layer WS2. By using micro-focused angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy during in situ doping of the top graphene layer, we observe a strong quasiparticle peak accompanied by several carrier density-dependent shake-off replicas around the single-layer WS2 conduction band minimum. Our results are explained by an effective many-body model in terms of a coupling between single-layer WS2 conduction electrons and an interlayer plasmon mode. It is important to take into account the presence of such interlayer collective modes, as they have profound consequences for the electronic and optical properties of heterostructures that are routinely explored in many device architectures involving 2D transition metal dichalcogenides.
Temporal shifts in 24 notifiable infectious diseases in China before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Li Kangguo , Rui Jia , Song Wentao , Luo Li , Zhao Yunkang , Qu Huimin , Liu Hong , Wei Hongjie , Zhang Ruixin , Abudunaibi Buasiyamu , Wang Yao , Zhou Zecheng , Xiang Tianxin , Chen Tianmu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, along with the implementation of public health and social measures (PHSMs), have markedly reshaped infectious disease transmission dynamics. We analysed the impact of PHSMs on 24 notifiable infectious diseases (NIDs) in the Chinese mainland, using time series models to forecast transmission trends without PHSMs or pandemic. Our findings revealed distinct seasonal patterns in NID incidence, with respiratory diseases showing the greatest response to PHSMs, while bloodborne and sexually transmitted diseases responded more moderately. 8 NIDs were identified as susceptible to PHSMs, including hand, foot, and mouth disease, dengue fever, rubella, scarlet fever, pertussis, mumps, malaria, and Japanese encephalitis. The termination of PHSMs did not cause NIDs resurgence immediately, except for pertussis, which experienced its highest peak in December 2023 since January 2008. Our findings highlight the varied impact of PHSMs on different NIDs and the importance of sustainable, long-term strategies, like vaccine development.
Machine learning-enabled chemical space exploration of all-inorganic perovskites for photovoltaics
Authors: Kim Jin-Soo , Noh Juhwan , Im Jino 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe vast compositional and configurational spaces of multi-element metal halide perovskites (MHPs) result in significant challenges when designing MHPs with promising stability and optoelectronic properties. In this paper, we propose a framework for the design of B-site-alloyed ABX3 MHPs by combining density functional theory (DFT) and machine learning (ML). We performed generalized gradient approximation with Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof functional for solids (PBEsol) on 3,159 B-site-alloyed perovskite structures using a compositional step of 1/4. Crystal graph convolution neural networks (CGCNNs) were trained on the 3159 DFT datasets to predict the decomposition energy, bandgap, and types of bandgaps. The trained CGCNN models were used to explore the compositional and configurational spaces of 41,400 B-site-alloyed ABX3 MHPs with a compositional step of 1/16, by accessing all possible configurations for each composition. The electronic band structures of the selected compounds were calculated using the hybrid functional (PBE0). Then, we calculated the optical absorption spectra and spectroscopic limited maximum efficiency of the selected compounds. Based on the DFT/ML-combined screening, 10 promising compounds with optimal bandgaps were selected, and from among these 10 compounds, CsGe0.3125Sn0.6875I3 and CsGe0.0625Pb0.3125Sn0.625Br3 were suggested as photon absorbers for single-junction and tandem solar cells, respectively. The design framework presented herein is a good starting point for the design of mixed MHPs for optoelectronic applications.
Coexistence of superconductivity and topological phase in kagome metals ANb3Bi5 (A = K, Rb, Cs)
Authors: Si Jianguo , Shi Lanting , Chen Bozhu , Yang Huanhuan , Xu Jiyu , Liu Miao , Meng Sheng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe AV3Sb5 prototype kagome materials have been demonstrated as a versatile platform for exploring exotic properties in condensed matter physics, including charge density waves, superconductivity, non-trivial electron topology, as well as topological superconductivity. Here we identify that ANb3Bi5 (A = K, Rb, Cs) exhibit non-trivial coexisting superconductivity and topological properties via first-principles calculations. The negative formation energy and the absence of imaginary phonon dispersion demonstrate both thermodynamics and dynamics stabilities of ANb3Bi5 (A = K, Rb, Cs) under ambient conditions. By analytically solving the Allen-Dynes-modified McMillan formula, the superconducting transition temperatures are predicted to be 2.11, 2.15 and 2.21 K for KNb3Bi5, RbNb3Bi5, and CsNb3Bi5, respectively. More importantly, the kagome materials proposed here can be classified into $${{\mathbb{Z}}}_{2}$$

Z

2

topological metals due to the non-trivial topological index and the obvious surface states around the Fermi level. Such coexistence of superconductivity and non-trivial band characters in ANb3Bi5 (A = K, Rb, Cs) offer us more insights to study the relationship between superconductivity and topological properties, and to design innate topological superconductors.
Transcriptomic imputation of genetic risk variants uncovers novel whole-blood biomarkers of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Chew Gabriel , Mai Aaron Shengting , Ouyang John F. , Qi Yueyue , Chao Yinxia , Wang Qing , Petretto Enrico , Tan Eng-King 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBlood-based gene expression signatures could potentially be used as biomarkers for PD. However, it is unclear whether genetically-regulated transcriptomic signatures can provide novel gene candidates for use as PD biomarkers. We leveraged on the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database to impute whole-blood transcriptomic expression using summary statistics of three large-scale PD GWAS. A random forest classifier was used with the consensus whole-blood imputed gene signature (IGS) to discriminate between cases and controls. Outcome measures included Area under the Curve (AUC) of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve. We demonstrated that the IGS (n = 37 genes) is conserved across PD GWAS studies and brain tissues. IGS discriminated between cases and controls in an independent whole-blood RNA-sequencing study (1176 PD, 254 prodromal, and 860 healthy controls) with mean AUC and accuracy of 64.8% and 69.4% for PD cohort, and 78.8% and 74% for prodromal cohort. PATL2 was the top-performing imputed gene in both PD and prodromal PD cohorts, whose classifier performance varied with biological sex (higher performance for males and females in the PD and prodromal PD, respectively). Single-cell RNA-sequencing studies (scRNA-seq) of healthy humans and PD patients found PATL2 to be enriched in terminal effector CD8+ and cytotoxic CD4+ cells, whose proportions are both increased in PD patients. We demonstrated the utility of GWAS transcriptomic imputation in identifying novel whole-blood transcriptomic signatures which could be leveraged upon for PD biomarker derivation. We identified PATL2 as a potential biomarker in both clinical and prodromic PD.