bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hunger Games Search for the elucidation of gravity anomalies with application to geothermal energy investigations and volcanic activity studies
Authors: Su Kejia , Ai Hanbing , Alvandi Ahmad , Lyu Chuan , Wei Xin , Qin Zhen , Tu Yong , Yan Yongjie , Nie Tao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRecent metaheuristic approaches are extensively and intensively being implemented to the interpretation of gravity anomalies due to their superior advantages. We emphasize the application of Hunger Games Search (HGS), a newly established metaheuristic inspired by hunger-driven instincts and behavioral choices of animals, to elucidate gravity data for geothermal energy exploration and volcanic activity study. After recognizing the modal features of the objective function tailored and tuning the algorithm control parameters involved, HGS has been trial-tested on simulated data sets of different scenarios and finally experienced in two field cases from India and Japan. Notably, a second moving average strategy has been successfully integrated into the objective function to eradicate the regional component from observed responses. Post-inversion uncertainty appraisal tests have been further implemented to comprehend the reliability of solutions obtained. The solutions retrieved by HGS have been unbiasedly compared in terms of convergence rate, accuracy, stability, and robustness with the solutions of the commonly used particle swarm optimization algorithm. Based on the results accessed, the theoretical and field cases presented could be recuperated more precisely, stably, robustly, and coherently with the available geophysical, geological, and borehole verification, as HGS is able to better explore the model space without compromising its capability to efficiently approach the global minimum. This novel global optimization method can thus be considered as a promising tool in geothermal energy investigations and the study of volcanic activities.
Augmented future: tracing the trajectory of location-based augmented reality gaming for the next ten years
Authors: Laato Samuli , Söbke Heinrich , Baer Manuel F. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Location-based games are a highly technology-dependent game genre that has witnessed an exponential increase in popularity with the democratisation of smartphones as well as ubiquitous mobile data and access to satellite navigation. Moving forward into the future, location-based games can be expected to evolve as the technologies underlying the genre improve. In this conceptual work, we review the current state of the art in location-based games, and identify key trajectories and trends. We discovered 12 trends, based on which we jump ten years into the future and evaluate how current technology trends may end up influencing location-based gaming. For example, we propose that in the year 2035 through improvements in map data services and sensor data coverage, we will see locative games that are increasingly connected to elements in the physical world. We also expect to see gameplay that moves away from solely taking place on a smartphone screen to the adoption of multiple forms of interactions with location-based game worlds, especially as head-mounted displays and other wearables become more commonplace.
Preparation of solution blow spinning nanofibers and its application in the food field: a review
Authors: Li Lianye , Li Wenbo , Sun Wuliang , Dong Yue , Jia Lu , Sun Wenxiu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Solution blow spinning is a technology that uses high-pressure gas to prepare spinning solution into nanofibers. It has the advantages of high production efficiency and easy operation, and the prepared nanofibers have a large specific surface area, high porosity, and flexible surface functionalization. Therefore, solution blow spinning has received more and more attention in the food field. This paper first introduces the principle of solution blow spinning, the influence of spinning liquid properties, process parameters, and environmental factors on the spinning process. Secondly, it introduces the materials and ways of applying solution blow-spun nanofibers in the food field, such as bacteriostatic food packaging, slow-release food packaging, and intelligent sensors. Finally, the application of solution blow spinning technology in food is summarized and prospected. This paper provides a reference for further research and application of solution blow spinning in the food field at a later stage.
Occurrence and temporal activity pattern of Burmese Red Serow (Capricornis rubidus, Bovidae) in Baraiyadhala National Park, Bangladesh: insights from a camera trapping study
Authors: Hasan Md. Kamrul , Datta Ashis Kumar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
No single studies on the Burmese Red Serows, a little known bovid to date yet considered as nationally endangered species, have been conducted in Bangladesh. As part of a systematic wildlife inventory and monitoring project, this study utilized 48 camera traps to elucidate their occurrence, activity pattern and possible sympatric association with other artiodactyls species inhabiting Baraiyadhala National Park. The study found 25 independent serow events with relative abundance index (RAI) of 0.89. The number of individuals seems low, but this is by far the country’s stronghold population. The Red Serows are mostly nocturnal and showed moderate temporal activity with barking dear (∆1 = 0.59) and wild boar (∆1 = 0.62) in this area. Anthropogenic pressures due to tourists (RAI = 4.8) and poachers (RAI = 1.7) were highly evident and must have negative impact on overall wildlife of the national park. The study suggests similar studies in adjacent protected area (Hazarikhil Wildlife Sanctuary), habitat protection and restoration program, and awareness raising program targeting forest dependent communities for long term conservation of this species.
A multidisciplinary approach unveils the distribution of the Alpine long-eared bat Plecotus macrobullaris (Vespertilionidae) in Italy
Authors: Mori Emiliano , Baratti Mariella , Viviano Andrea , Dondini Gianna , Vergari Simone , Patriarca Elena , Debernardi Paolo , Spada Martina , Vergari Sebastiano , Ancillotto Leonardo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Genetic techniques have allowed to identify a number of cryptic species of bats and to better define their distribution ranges and conservation status. Long-eared bats Plecotus spp. occur throughout Eurasia and Africa, with a high number of morphologically similar species, often occurring in sympatry. Therefore, disentangling the distribution of one species from another may be challenging. Italy represents a diversity hotspot for long-eared bats in Europe, hosting six species belonging to the genus Plecotus. In this study we report on both published and unpublished investigations on the Alpine long-eared bat Plecotus macrobullaris by integrating field and molecular methods, as well as opportunistic verified records from citizen scientists (i.e., individuals showing the diagnostic triangular chin pad in photos), to redefine the distribution of this species in Italy. We retrieved a total of 149 published records and 16 new confirmed records, namely 7 from iNaturalist, 6 from Facebook and 3 from molecular analyses. In Italy, the species occurs throughout the Alpine and Pre-Alpine chain, as well as in close proximity to the sea, and in Northeastern plains. Based on new records, we proved that it occurs also in other areas, including the Northern Apennine ridge. Our findings call for the application of an integrated approach in investigating cryptic species, that provides valuable data to support conservation assessments and the establishment of proper protection measures for poorly known species.
Elevation of D-dimer in eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases in the absence of venous thrombosis: A case series and literature review
Authors: Song Yang , Yang Boyu , Ren Wanlei , Hu Doudou 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (EGIDs) are rare and heterogeneous diseases characterized by excessive eosinophilic infiltration of the digestive system. D-dimer levels and its possible association with disease course were not reported.

Case series
We reported a series of three EGID cases presenting with high levels of D-dimer. No evidence for potential venous thromboembolism was found through computed tomography pulmonary angiogram and vascular ultrasounds. Moreover, D-dimer levels decreased after short-time systemic prednisolone administration, accompanied by remission of clinical symptoms and decrease of peripheral eosinophil counts and IgE levels.

Conclusion
Elevation of D-dimer in EGID may not represent thrombotic events but is possibly associated with disease severity. More population-based studies are needed to delineate the potential relationship among D-dimer, thrombosis, and inflammation in EGID.
Management of biofilm-associated infections in diabetic wounds – from bench to bedside
Authors: Bogadi Subhasri , Rao Pooja , KU Vasudha , Kuppusamy Gowthamarajan , Madhunapantula SubbaRao V. , Subramaniyan Vetriselvan , Satyanarayana Reddy Karri Veera Venkata , Aswathanarayan Jamuna Bai 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Biofilms are complex bacterial colonies embedded in an extracellular matrix. These pose a major obstacle to wound healing and are noticeable in chronic wounds. It protects the bacteria from the host’s immune system and conventional antibiotic treatments. The biofilm’s protective matrix prevents essential nutrients and oxygen from diffusing into the surrounding healthy tissue. In addition, microbes living in biofilms naturally have increased resistance to antibiotics, which reduces the effectiveness of traditional therapies. As such, biofilms serve as persistent reservoirs of infection, which further disrupts the normal course of wound healing. In this review, the current formulation strategies such as hydrogels, polymeric nanoparticles, and nanofibers that are used in wound healing to counteract biofilms have been comprehensively discussed. The formulations have been meticulously designed and developed to disturb the biofilm matrix, prevent the growth of microorganisms, and increase the potency of antimicrobials and antibiotics. The mechanism of action, advantages and limitations associated with the existing formulation strategies have been reviewed. The formulation strategies that have been translated into clinical applications and patented are also discussed in this paper.
Nitrogen leaching mitigation by tithonia biochar (Tithochar) in urea fertilizer treated sandy soil
Authors: Oyeyiola Yetunde Bunmi , Lewu Francis Bayo , Opeolu Beatrice Olutoyin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Nitrogenous fertilizer drift from farmlands accelerates nitrogen loads in groundwaters. Biochar potential to mitigate nitrogen leaching in urea treated sandy soil was monitored in a four weeks screenhouse leaching column experiment. The trial was a factorial combination of two biochar types (B1 and B2 applied at 5 t/ha) and two urea treatments (with urea at 120 kg/ha and without urea) laid in completely randomized design with three replications. Control that received neither urea nor biochar was compared. Four weekly leaching events were conducted in each leaching column containing 300 g soil amended with appropriate treatments. Amaranthus hybridus was the test crop. The NH4-N and NO3-N leached were generally highest during the week 2 leaching event such that total NO3-N leached was 427.3 % higher than total NH4-N leached with highest contributions from sole urea treatment. Biochar pretreatment reduced total N leached by 9.5 (B1) and 26.8 % (B2) relative to sole urea. Percentage of N added lost to leaching was highest (34.1 %) in sole urea treatment with B1 and B2 pretreatment reducing the value by 54.5 and 46.9 % respectively. Correlation analysis revealed electrical conductivity of the leachate and soil as dominant indicators for N leached in the soil studied.
Electrodeposition behaviour of samarium in 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidone solvent
Authors: Andrew Chrysanthus , Mani Jayakumar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The present study investigates the electrochemistry spectroscopy of Sm(III), and electrodeposition of samarium metal in neutral ligand-based ionic liquid (solvate ionic liquid). Mixture consisted of a samarium precursor (either samarium triflate or samarium nitrate hexahydrate) in the solvate ionic liquid, 1.3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidone (DMI). FT-IR analysis of Sm(III)-DMI electrolytes indicates that Sm3+ ion coordinates with DMI through carbonyl group (C=O); the band splits into two with emergence of new peak at 1630 cm−1 and 1649 cm−1 for the triflate and nitrate solutions, respectively. Raman spectroscopy also confirms the solvation of Sm(III) with DMI through oxygen atom of the carbonyl group. Voltametric behaviour of Sm(III) ion indicates two-step reduction mechanism via Sm(III)/Sm(II) at ca. −2.0 V and Sm(II)/Sm(0) at ca. −3.0 V vs. Ag/Ag+ for both samarium(III)-containing electrolytes. Diffusion coefficient value of Sm(III) was determined to be 2.185 × 10−6 cm2/s and 2.418 × 10−8 cm2/s for triflate and nitrate electrolytes, respectively. Electrodeposition of samarium was achieved through constant potential electrolysis using copper substrate as the working electrode which yielded compact deposits from triflate-DMI and non-uniform granular deposit from nitrate-DMI electrolyte. Ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of the as-deposited samples revealed the presence of metallic Sm (1081 eV) co-existing with its oxide form (1083 eV).
Enhancing performance: insights into the augmentation potential of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene/boron nitride composites
Authors: Baby Bindhu , Pitchaikutty Asha , Priya Sahariya , Kadaikunnan Shine , Khaled Jamal M. , Han Sung Soo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This work aims to investigate the morphological, mechanical and thermal characteristics of boron nitride (BN)-reinforced acrylonitrile-butadiene styrene (ABS) composites. ABS and ABS/BN composites with a maximum BN loading up to 8 wt% were developed using two-roll mill followed by compression molding. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images presented interlinking of BN flakes in the dimple texture of ABS. A modest decrease in tensile properties was observed for the composites. The tensile strength and impact strength for the ABS/BN8 specimen were lowered by 4.7 and 81.7 %, respectively. On the other hand, hardness increased by 3.39 % for ABS/BN8 composite. The interaction effect of BN in the ABS matrix on the thermal properties was assessed using thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). An enhancement in the thermal-stability was observed for BN incorporated ABS. There is a modest shift in glass transition (T
g) temperature to a higher value for the ABS/BN composites.
Southbound transmission of metallurgy: new excavations at Jicha in the Hengduan Mountains, Yunnan
Authors: Fu Jie , Li Yuniu , Hu Changcheng , Pan Gaoyuan , Yang Xiuyun , He Qionghui , Higham Charles , Li Yingfu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractJicha is a Bronze Age settlement located next to the upper Mekong River in the Hengduan Mountains of Yunnan, south-west China. Recent excavations have revealed details of successive occupation and copper-base industrial activity. The site's position and chronology provide evidence of north–south demographic movement and technological transmission along the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau corridor.
Safety and Immunogenicity of an mRNA-Based hMPV/PIV3 Combination Vaccine in Seropositive Children
Authors: Schnyder Ghamloush Sabine , Essink Brandon , Hu Bo , Kalidindi Shiva , Morsy Louie , Egwuenu-Dumbuya Chioma , Kapoor Archana , Girard Bethany , Dhar Rakesh , Lackey Rebecca , Snape Matthew D. , Shaw Christine A. 
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVES
Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV3) are common respiratory illnesses in children. The safety and immunogenicity of an investigational mRNA-based vaccine, mRNA-1653, encoding membrane-anchored fusion proteins of hMPV and PIV3, was evaluated in hMPV/PIV3-seropositive children.

METHODS
In this phase 1b randomized, observer-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study, hMPV/PIV3-seropositive children were enrolled sequentially into 2 dose levels of mRNA-1653 administered 2 months apart; children aged 12 to 36 months were randomized (1:1) to receive 10-μg of mRNA-1653 or placebo and children aged 12 to 59 months were randomized (3:1) to receive 30-μg of mRNA-1653 or placebo.

RESULTS
Overall, 27 participants aged 18 to 55 months were randomized; 15 participants received 10-μg of mRNA-1653 (n = 8) or placebo (n = 7), whereas 12 participants received 30-μg of mRNA-1653 (n = 9) or placebo (n = 3). mRNA-1653 was well-tolerated at both dose levels. The only reported solicited local adverse reaction was tenderness at injection site; solicited systemic adverse reactions included grade 1 or 2 chills, irritability, loss of appetite, and sleepiness. A single 10-μg or 30-μg mRNA-1653 injection increased hMPV and PIV3 neutralizing antibody titers (geometric mean fold-rise ratio over baseline: hMPV-A = 2.9–6.1; hMPV-B = 6.2–13.2; PIV3 = 2.8–3.0) and preF and postF binding antibody concentrations (geometric mean fold-rise ratio: hMPV preF = 5.3–6.1; postF = 4.6–6.5 and PIV3 preF = 13.9–14.2; postF = 11.0–12.1); a second injection did not further increase antibody levels in these seropositive children. Binding antibody responses were generally preF biased.

CONCLUSIONS
mRNA-1653 was well-tolerated and boosted hMPV and PIV3 antibody levels in seropositive children aged 12 to 59 months, supporting the continued development of mRNA-1653 or its components for the prevention of hMPV and PIV3.
Biological mechanisms of resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors and overcoming this resistance: Challenges in medical oncology
Authors: Moskalenko Y. 
Published: May 2024

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have opened up new possibilities in clinical oncology. Monoclonal antibodies have shown their high clinical efficiency. They block CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1 receptors and activate the immune response. Many patients have stable and even complete responses. However, some patients have primary or acquired resistance. Therefore, the treatment results in this category of patients are not predictable. Mechanisms of resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors have not been definitively studied. Many theories try to explain the mechanisms of this phenomenon. Our study aimed to structure and combine the data into groups depending on the etiological factor that reduces the immune response. In addition, based on understanding the mechanisms of resistance and the results of recent clinical studies, we aimed to identify the main ways to overcome it. Therefore, mechanisms that lead to resistance may be associated with tumor properties, tumor microenvironment, or patient characteristics. Tumor properties that reduce the immune response include a) low tumor mutation burden and loss of tumor neoantigens, b) changes in the processing or presentation of neoantigens, and c) changes in signaling pathways of tumor development and epigenetic modifications in genes. The tumor microenvironment is represented by stromal and immune cells, extracellular matrix, cytokines, and blood vessels. Each structure can enhance or reduce the immune response and contribute to the acquired resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors. The effectiveness of the treatment depends not only on the cells in the tumor microenvironment but also on the metabolic background. In addition, the basic characteristics of the patient ( gender, gut microbiota, HLA-I genotype) can modify the immune response. Based on knowledge about the mechanisms of resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors, several therapeutic strategies aimed at activating antitumor activity have been evaluated. All of them are based on combining immune checkpoint inhibitors with other drugs. One of the most common options is a combination of PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors. Alternative immune checkpoints are TIM-3, LAG-3, TIGIT and VISTA. Combining immunotherapy with chemotherapy, targeted therapy, neoangiogenesis inhibitors, epigenetic modifiers, PARP or TGF-β inhibitors enhances antitumor response by preventing depletion of effector T cells, enhancing T cell infiltration in the tumor, changes on the tumor microenvironment, and decreasing the accumulation of immunosuppressive cells. This review explores the biological mechanisms of resistance and potential ways of solving this problem.
Tracheoesophageal fistula due to Candida and Actinomyces co-infection: A case report and comprehensive review of the literature
Authors: Teshon A. , Reyes R. , Schammel D.P. , Corso O. , Schammel C. , Kent P. , Devane A.M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAcquired benign tracheoesophageal fistulas and bronchoesophageal fistulas (TEF) are typically associated with granulomatous mediastinal infections, 75% of which are iatrogenic. Candida albicans and Actinomyces are commonly occurring organisms, but are uncommon etiologies of TEF. Normal colonization and the slow growth characteristics of some species of these agents rarely result in infection, mycetoma, and broncholithiasis, and thus, delays in diagnosis and treatment are likely. Few reports describe C. albicans or Actinomyces spp. as the etiology of TEF or broncholithiasis. Herein, we report a case of benign acquired TEF secondary to coinfection of Candida and Actinomyces complicated by the formation of an actinomycetoma and broncholithiasis and a comprehensive literature review to highlight the unique nature of this presentation and offer a diagnostic algorithm for diagnosis and treatment of TEFs. Following a presentation of three months of productive cough, choking sensation, night sweats, and weight loss, a bronchoscopy revealed a fistulous connection between the esophagus and the posterior right middle lobe. Pathology identified a calcified fungus ball and a broncholith secondary to the co-infection of Candida and Actinomyces. This unique presentation of Candida and Actinomyces co-infection and the associated diagnostic algorithm are presented as education and a useful tool for clinicians.
Evidence for Ultra-Low Velocity Zone Genesis in Downwelling Subducted Slabs at the Core–Mantle Boundary
Authors: Festin Madeleine M. , Thorne Michael S. , Li Mingming 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We investigate broadband SPdKS waveforms from earthquakes occurring beneath Myanmar. These paths sample the core–mantle boundary beneath northwestern China. Waveform modeling shows that two ∼250 × 250 km wide ultra-low velocity zones (ULVZs) with a thickness of roughly 10 km exist in the region. The ULVZ models fitting these data have large S-wave velocity drops of 55% but relatively small 14% P-wave velocity reductions. This is almost a 4:1 S- to P-wave velocity ratio and is suggestive of a partial melt origin. These ULVZs exist in a region of the Circum-Pacific with a long history of subduction and far from large low-velocity province (LLVP) boundaries where ULVZs are more commonly observed. It is possible that these ULVZs are generated by partial melting of mid-ocean ridge basalt.