bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated resummation of electroweak Sudakov logarithms in diboson production at future colliders
Authors: Denner Ansgar , Rode Stefan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAt energies that are large with respect to the electroweak scale, the electroweak corrections to scattering processes involve large logarithms that have to be resummed to obtain decent predictions. Soft-collinear effective theory (SCET) has been proposed as a suitable framework to allow for this resummation, while retaining non-logarithmic corrections in a consistent way. In this paper, we investigate the approximations needed to use this approach for the calculation of electroweak corrections to off-shell diboson production at high-energy colliders. Upon implementing the method into a Monte-Carlo integration code, we provide resummed predictions for cross sections and distributions at a $$3\,\text {TeV} $$

3

TeV

lepton collider and a $$100\,\text {TeV} $$

100

TeV

proton collider.
Multi Higgs production via photon fusion at future multi-TeV muon colliders
Authors: Chiesa Mauro , Mele Barbara , Piccinini Fulvio 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMulti-TeV muon colliders promise an unprecedented potential for exploring the particle-physics energy frontier, and, at the same time, can probe with fantastic accuracy the precise structure of the Standard Model, and in particular of the Higgs boson sector. Here we consider the possibility to measure the loop-suppressed single-, double-, triple-Higgs boson production mediated by the collinear-photon scattering in the channels $$\mu ^+\mu ^-\rightarrow \mu ^+\mu ^-\gamma ^*\gamma ^*\rightarrow \mu ^+\mu ^- \,[H,HH,HHH]$$

μ
+

μ
-

→

μ
+

μ
-

γ
∗

γ
∗

→

μ
+

μ
-

[
H
,
H
H
,
H
H
H
]

. We study total rates and kinematical distributions in the Standard Model, and compare them with the corresponding vector-boson-fusion processes $$V^*V^*\rightarrow H,HH,HHH$$

V
∗

V
∗

→
H
,
H
H
,
H
H
H

at muon collisions center-of-mass energies 1.5 TeV"Equation missing" TeV. Possible strategies for enhancing the $$\gamma \gamma \rightarrow H,HH,HHH$$

γ
γ
→
H
,
H
H
,
H
H
H

signal over the dominant vector-boson-fusion production are proposed. The sensitivity of total rates to possible anomalies in the Higgs-boson self-couplings is also discussed.
Improved analysis of double $$J/\psi $$ production in Z-boson decay
Authors: Wang Guang-Yu , Wu Xing-Gang , Zheng Xu-Chang , Yan Jiang , Zhang Jia-Wei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we present an improved calculation for the decay rate of the rare Z-boson decay into $$J/\psi + J/\psi .$$

J
/
ψ
+
J
/
ψ
.

This decay is dominated by the photon fragmentation mechanism, i.e., the transition $$Z\rightarrow J/\psi + \gamma ^{*}$$

Z
→
J
/
ψ
+

γ

∗

followed by the fragmentation $$\gamma ^{*}\rightarrow J/\psi .$$

γ

∗

→
J
/
ψ
.

In our calculation, the amplitude of $$\gamma ^{*}\rightarrow J/\psi $$

γ

∗

→
J
/
ψ

is extracted from the measured value of $$\Gamma (J/\psi \rightarrow e^+ e^-),$$

Γ
(
J
/
ψ
→

e
+

e
-

)
,

and the amplitude of $$Z\rightarrow J/\psi + \gamma ^{*}$$

Z
→
J
/
ψ
+

γ

∗

is calculate through the light-cone approach. The higher-order QCD and relativistic corrections in the amplitude of $$\gamma ^{*}\rightarrow J/\psi $$

γ

∗

→
J
/
ψ

and the large logarithms of $$m_{_Z}^2/m_c^2$$

m

Z

2

/

m
c
2

that appear in the amplitude of $$Z\rightarrow J/\psi + \gamma ^{*}$$

Z
→
J
/
ψ
+

γ

∗

are resummed in our calculation. Besides, the non-fragmentation amplitude is calculated based on the NRQCD factorization, and the next-to-leading order QCD and relativistic corrections are included. The obtained branching fraction for this Z decay channel is $$8.66 ^{+1.48} _{-0.69}\times 10^{-11}.$$

8
.

66

-
0.69

+
1.48

×

10

-
11

.
Improved constraints for axion-like particles from 3-photon events at $$e^+e^-$$ colliders
Authors: Pustyntsev Aleksandr , Vanderhaeghen Marc 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAxions and axion-like particles (ALPs) are one of the most widely discussed extensions of the Standard Model when it comes to the strong CP problem and dark matter candidates. Current experiments are focused on the indirect searches of invisible pseudoscalars in a wide parameter range. In this paper we investigate limits on ALP mass, and its couplings to photons and leptons from 3-photon annihilation at $$e^+e^-$$

e
+

e
-

colliders. We provide detailed calculations and apply them to the particular kinematics of the Belle II experiment, covering the ALP mass range from few hundred MeV to around 10 GeV. Our results, which improve upon previous analyses by also including the ALP coupling to electrons, show that such future analyses will allow to significantly extend the ALP search range and impose much more stringent restrictions on their couplings.
DRD-GAN: A Novel Distributed Conditional Wasserstein Deep Convolutional Relativistic Discriminator GAN with Improved Convergence
Authors: Roy Arunava , Dasgupta Dipankar 
Published: May 2024

Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) exhibited significant capabilities in many applications including image enhancement and manipulation, language translation, generating images/videos from text, creating art and music, and so on. However, training GANs using large datasets remains highly computationally intensive for most of the standalone systems. Additionally, standalone GANs often exhibit poor synchronization between their generator and discriminator with unstable training, poor convergence along with a large number of mode collapses and vanishing/exploding gradients. Standalone GANs also failed to learn in a decentralized environment, where the data are distributed among several client machines. Some researchers have lately used the most prevalent decentralized setting available today, called Federated Learning (FL) to develop distributed-GAN strategies as the possible solutions, although their implementations mostly failed to address the above issues mainly because of the training instability within the distributed components, which eventually leads to the poor synchronization among the generators and discriminators scattered over several machines.
In this work, we developed a computationally inexpensive Wasserstein conditional Distributed Relativistic Discriminator-GAN (DRD-GAN) to alleviate the above issues. DRD-GAN stabilizes its training (with non-convex losses) by keeping a global generator in the central server and relativistic discriminators in the local clients (one discriminator per client) and uses Wasserstein-1 for computing local and global losses. It eventually avoids mode collapses, vanishing/exploding gradients (both in the presence of iid and non-iid samples) and helps DRD-GAN to produce high-quality fake images. Apart from that, the sheer unavailability of a capable conditional distributed-GAN model has become another motivation behind the current work. Essentially, we revisited the FL paradigms, locating one discriminator per client and a generator in the central server that aggregates the updates coming from multiple discriminators. Relativistic discriminators in the clients are trained on both iid and non-iid private data. We presented a detailed mathematical formulation of DRD-GAN and empirically evaluated our claims using CIFAR-10, MNIST, EuroSAT, and CelebA datasets.
Transcatheter Embolization in Congenital Cardiovascular Malformations—Variable Use of Vascular Plugs
Authors: Pfeifer Jochen , Gheibeh Anas , Fries Peter , Poryo Martin , Rentzsch Axel , Abdul-Khaliq Hashim 
Published: May 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the clinical application and primary outcome of transcatheter embolization using Amplatzer™ Vascular Plug (AVP) Type 2 and Type 4 in different congenital cardiovascular malformations.Design: This is a single‐center retrospective observational cohort study.Methods: We analyzed clinical and imaging data of 36 patients retrospectively who received transcatheter embolizations of the following malformations using AVP: systemic‐to‐pulmonary collateral arteries (SPCA), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), ventricular septal defects (VSD), and aberrant pulmonary sequestration arteries (PSA). We included all patients treated in our institution from January 2010 to July 2023.Results: In 36 patients (median age 40.0 months, range 0.5 months–42.0 years; 56.8% male), 44 AVPs were implanted in 37 procedures. The target lesions were SPCA in n = 15 procedures, PDA in n = 9, VSD in n = 9, and PSA in n = 4. Thirty‐four AVP Type 2 and 10 AVP Type 4 were applied, the latter only in SPCA and PSA. SPCA was most common in complex congenital heart disease with univentricular physiology (75.0%). VSD were associated with additional cardiac malformations in 33.3%, PDA were associated with prematurity (55.6%), and all pulmonary sequestrations occurred in scimitar syndrome. Primary total or subtotal occlusion succeeded in n38/44 (86.3%). For residual PDA, an additional occluder was implanted in one patient. In one case, pulmonary sequestration had to be treated surgically. One premature infant with PDA closure sustained a relevant obstruction of the left pulmonary artery by the outer AVP disc which required surgical correction 4 months later.Conclusion: Embolization using AVP is a suitable approach for closure of various cardiovascular malformations with a high primary success rate and low complication rate. It should be considered in treatment of different irregular vessel anomalies and in selected VSD.
Epigenetic Age Mediates the Association of Life's Essential 8 With Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality
Authors: Carbonneau Madeleine , Li Yi , Prescott Brenton , Liu Chunyu , Huan Tianxiao , Joehanes Roby , Murabito Joanne M. , Heard‐Costa Nancy L. , Xanthakis Vanessa , Levy Daniel , Ma Jiantao 
Published: May 2024

Background
Life's Essential 8 (LE8) is an enhanced metric for cardiovascular health. The interrelations among LE8, biomarkers of aging, and disease risks are unclear.

Methods and Results

LE8 score was calculated for 5682 Framingham Heart Study participants. We implemented 4 DNA methylation‐based epigenetic age biomarkers, with older epigenetic age hypothesized to represent faster biological aging, and examined whether these biomarkers mediated the associations between the LE8 score and cardiovascular disease (CVD), CVD‐specific mortality, and all‐cause mortality. We found that a 1 SD increase in the LE8 score was associated with a 35% (95% CI, 27–41;
P
=1.8E‐15) lower risk of incident CVD, a 36% (95% CI, 24–47;
P
=7E‐7) lower risk of CVD‐specific mortality, and a 29% (95% CI, 22–35;
P
=7E‐15) lower risk of all‐cause mortality. These associations were partly mediated by epigenetic age biomarkers, particularly the GrimAge and the DunedinPACE scores. The potential mediation effects by epigenetic age biomarkers tended to be more profound in participants with higher genetic risk for older epigenetic age, compared with those with lower genetic risk. For example, in participants with higher GrimAge polygenic scores (greater than median), the mean proportion of mediation was 39%, 39%, and 78% for the association of the LE8 score with incident CVD, CVD‐specific mortality, and all‐cause mortality, respectively. No significant mediation was observed in participants with lower GrimAge polygenic score.

Conclusions
DNA methylation‐based epigenetic age scores mediate the associations between the LE8 score and incident CVD, CVD‐specific mortality, and all‐cause mortality, particularly in individuals with higher genetic predisposition for older epigenetic age.
White blood cells, TNF-α, and interleukin-6 in subjects with infantile colic treated with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (ATCC 53103): a randomised prospective study
Authors: Savino F. , Passerini M. , Gambarino S. , Clemente A. , Dini M. , Montanari P. , Galliano I. , Bergallo M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Recent metanalysis reported that certain probiotic strains, such as Limosilactobacillus reuteri and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (LGG), seem effective for treatment of infantile colic of exclusively breastfed infants; some reports have also linked probiotics to have an immunological effect, however further investigation are needed to fully understand the exact mechanism. The objective of this study was to assay white blood cells, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 values in peripheral blood in subjects treated in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial for infantile colic with LGG. Fifty-eight infants were enrolled and followed for a study period of 28 days. Parent were asked to record daily crying time using a structured cry diary. Peripheral white blood cells was assessed and RNA (mRNA) expression of TNF-α and IL-6 was measured using TaqMan real-time PCR-maternal amplification. Infants with colic treated with LGG showed a reduction in daily crying duration after 28 days of treatment and a reduction in values of IL-6 () and TNF-α (); we observe also a significantly decreasing of IL-6 in the placebo group while decrease of TNF-α was not significant in this group. A significant decreased values of monocytes () was observed in infants treated with LGG. Our data therefore showed, in addition to crying time reduction, a significant decrease of TNF-α and a significant reduction of monocytes cells in colicky infants treated with LGG, compared to placebo group. This observation supports the hypothesis that probiotics may have anti-inflammatory properties. Further studies are needed to better understand the influence of probiotic on immunity cells.
Music and the Making of Modern Japan
Authors: Mehl Margaret 
Published: May 2024

Japan was the first non-Western nation to compete with the Western powers at their own game. The country’s rise to a major player on the stage of Western music has been equally spectacular. The connection between these two developments, however, has never been explored.
How did making music make Japan modern? How did Japan make music that originated in Europe its own? And what happened to Japan’s traditional music in the process? Music and the Making of Modern Japan answers these questions. Discussing musical modernization in the context of globalization and nation-building, Margaret Mehl argues that, far from being a side-show, music was part of the action on centre stage. Making music became an important vehicle for empowering the people of Japan to join in the shaping of the modern world.
In only fifty years, from the 1870s to the early 1920s, Japanese people laid the foundations for the country’s post-war rise as a musical as well as an economic power. Meanwhile, new types of popular song, fuelled by the growing global record industry, successfully blended inspiration from the West with musical characteristics perceived as Japanese.
Music and the Making of Modern Japan represents a fresh contribution to historical research on making music as a major cultural, social, and political force.
Developing a generalizable pediatric ECMO emergency checklist for clinical specialist: Progress and challenges
Authors: Furlong-Dillard Jamie M. , Abulebda Kamal , Calhoun Aaron W. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) emergencies require skilled clinical specialist (CS) who manage ECMO circuits. While tools for assessing CS skills have been published, there is significant variation in protocols and circuit design. This study aims to further develop these checklists to produce a generalizable ECMO skill assessment with adequate validity evidence to support its use as a summative evaluation tool. Methods An initial survey determined variation in ECMO circuit components and configurations, and the original checklists and simulations were altered through a modified Delphi process. The finalized checklist and simulation were then assessed for validity and reliability. Three trained raters assessed ten simulations from five subjects at two different institutions using two circuit designs. Data analysis was conducted using a fully crossed subject x rater x circuit generalizability (G) and decision (D) study. Results The G-study coefficient was 0 with 0% variance across subject and circuit. The greatest variance was among raters (28.7%). Significant variance was also associated with the subject and pump type relationship (27%). Conclusion Despite the rigorous process used to modify the assessment, generalizability was poor. Lack of familiarity with center-specific circuit design played a key role. Future endeavors in ECMO skill assessment should focus either on developing and validating site-specific tools or standardizing circuit designs.
Assessment of venous disease with different venous disease specific scales in Behçet’s disease patients with deep vein thrombosis
Authors: Aksoy Aysun , Colak Seda , Yagiz Burcu , Coskun Belkıs Nihan , Omma Ahmet , Sarı Alper , Atas Nuh , Ilgın Can , Karadag Omer , Erden Abdülsamet , Yildiz Yasin , Dalkılıç Ediz , Direskeneli Haner , Alibaz-Oner Fatma 
Published: May 2024

Objectives: Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a frequent and important consequence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) for Behcet`s disease (BD) patients. Although various clinical scales are used to diagnose PTS, Villalta scale was accepted as the standard tool to diagnose and grade the severity of PTS. Poor quality of life (Qol) in the general population was defined for patients with PTS, however, studies in BD patients with PTS is limited. Our aim was to compare the performance of different scales to assess venous disease in BD patients with a history of DVT and to assess the relationship with quality of life. Methods: Patients with BD ( n = 194, M/F:157/37, age:39.1 ± 9.5 years) with a DVT history were investigated. Villalta, VCSS,CEAP scale and SF 36,Veines scales were used to assess venous disease and QoL respectively. Results: Among BD patients, 120 (61.9 %) patients were classified as having PTS by Villalta and of patients 18% had severe PTS. Half of patients with CEAP score <4 were classified as having PTS. Also, 42% of patients with CEAP>4 and almost two third of VCSS classified severe CVD patients was grouped in severe PTS by Villalta scale. VCSS and Villalta classified PTS patients had decreased disease specific and general Qol scores compared to the patients without PTS. Also, severe PTS group (by VCSS) had decreased veines QoL scores and PCS compared to mild/moderate group. Conclusion: BD patients with DVT have a high risk of PTS. Our results show that both Villalta scale and VCSS should be used to assess venous disease BD patients with DVT. However, VCSS classified severity of PTS can show better correlation with venous disease -specific QoL.
Substituting natural gas with hydrogen: A case study on mass, energy, and emissions in electric arc furnace steelmaking
Authors: Shahabuddin M. , Akbar Rhamdhani M. , Brooks Geoffrey , Fontana Andrea , King Alister 
Published: May 2024

This study sets out to explore the use of hydrogen into steelmaking via the electric arc furnace route, weaving together technoeconomic analysis with a comprehensive carbon footprint assessment. Through a detailed examination, we scrutinize the financial prospects of integrating hydrogen within a scrap-based steel mill, using Liberty GFG's data for a case study. Based on the data, the steel plant's annual consumption is 1.2 million GJ/y of energy, primarily derived from natural gas, to produce 0.75 million tonnes of steel. We explore the potential of replacing this natural gas with 10-kilotonnes of hydrogen per year (1.35 t/h), considering the steel mill's capacity factor of 0.82. By employing sophisticated flowsheet-based calculations, we unravel the environmental implications of integrating hydrogen into the steelmaking process. The investigation reveals that the plant consumes 2.9 GJ per tonne of steel from natural gas, indicating a demand of 23.5 kilograms of hydrogen to completely supplant natural gas. This equates to 2.35 kilograms of hydrogen per tonne of steel for every 10% displacement of natural gas. At present, the comprehensive cost of employing hydrogen stands at US$ 144 per tonne of steel, predicated on a wind electricity price of US$ 38 per MWh. In contrast, utilising natural gas amounts to US$ 58 per tonne of steel. However, the horizon holds promise for a substantial reduction in hydrogen costs over the next decade, heralding a potential paradigm shift in its utilisation. The emission analysis shows that the plant produces greenhouse gas emissions of 735 kgCO2e/t steel, out of which 70% is due to the use of dominant fossil electricity and the rest 30% (223 kgCO2e/t steel) from other carbon sources such as natural gas, lump coke, coke fines, and diesel fuel. Modeling proposes that a complete substitution of grid electricity and natural gas would lead to process emissions totaling 104 kgCO2e/t steel. To achieve a net-zero emission target, a strategic shift is suggested: replacing lump coke and coke fines with biochar. This substitution not only eliminates lifecycle emissions but also paves the path towards realising a sustainable, carbon-neutral future.
Migraine and risk of atrial fibrillation: A 9-year follow-up based on the Trøndelag Health Study
Authors: Giri Samita , Tronvik Erling , Dalen Håvard , Ellekjær Hanne , Loennechen Jan P , Olsen Alexander , Hagen Knut 
Published: May 2024

Background Data from some population-based studies have indicated an increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) among patients with migraine, particularly among individuals with migraine with aura. The present study aimed to assess the association between primary headache disorders and AF. Methods In a population-based 9-year follow-up design, we evaluated the questionnaire-based headache diagnosis, migraine and tension-type headache (TTH) included, collected in the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT3) conducted in 2006–2008, and the subsequent risk of AF in the period until December 2015. The population at risk consisted of 39,340 individuals ≥20 years without AF at HUNT3 baseline who answered headache questionnaire during HUNT3. The prospective association was evaluated by multivariable Cox proportional hazard models with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Among the 39,340 participants, 1524 (3.8%) developed AF during the 9-year follow up, whereof 91% of these were ≥55 years. In the multivariable analyses, adjusting for known confounders, we did not find any association between migraine or TTH and risk of AF. The adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were respectively 0.84 (95% CI = 0.64–1.11) for migraine, 1.16 (95% CI = 0.86–1.27) for TTH and 1.04 (95% CI = 0.86–1.27) for unclassified headache. However, in sensitivity analyses of individuals aged ≥55 years, a lower risk of AF was found for migraine (HR = 0.53; 95% CI = 0.39–0.73). Conclusions In this large population-based study, no increased risk of AF was found among individuals with migraine or TTH at baseline. Indeed, among individuals aged ≥55 years, migraine was associated with a lower risk for AF.