bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of Jade Goody's diagnosis and death on the NHS Cervical Screening Programme
Authors: Lancucki L , Sasieni P , Patnick J , Day Tj , Vessey Mp 
Published: June 2012

Objectives In August 2008 the British reality TV star Jade Goody made public her diagnosis of cervical cancer. In February 2009 it was announced that she was terminally ill and she died a few weeks later. A surge in cervical screening attendances associated with these events was widely reported. This paper aims to quantify the size of that effect across England, its duration, and whether it affected some groups of women more than others. Setting The Cervical Screening Programme in England. Methods Routinely collected statistics for the months around Jade Goody's diagnosis and death were compared with those for other periods. Results About half a million extra cervical screening attendances occurred in England between mid-2008 and mid-2009, the period during which Jade Goody was diagnosed and died; among these were 370 attendances where the test result was suspected neoplasia. At its peak in March 2009, attendance was 70% higher than expected. Increases were seen in both initial and follow-up screening attendances and in colposcopy attendances, and at all ages, though the magnitude was greater for women aged under 50. A substantially greater proportion of the extra attendances of women aged 25–49 on routine recall occurred in women whose attendance was overdue (28% occurred at 60 months or more) and relatively little represented over-screening (8% had been screened within the last 30 months). Conclusions The pattern of increased attendance mirrored the pattern of media coverage of Jade Goody's diagnosis and death. It is likely that the increased screening resulted in a number of lives saved.
Characterizing Porosity and Diffusive Properties of Monolithic Cement-Based Solidified/Stabilized Materials
Authors: Goreham V. , Lake C. B. , Yuet P. K. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
This paper presents the application of a single reservoir diffusion test to determine both the effective porosity of a soil-cement matrix and the diffusivity of tritium through saturated, monolithic, cement solidified/stabilized wasteforms. Testing was performed on a laboratory mixture of cement paste, sand, and kaolinite. The influence of porosity on the proper interpretation of the diffusion tests was examined. Results of tests on three replicate specimens were consistent and indicate effective porosities of 0.26 to 0.28 and effective diffusive coefficients of 2.5 × 10−10 to 3.0 × 10−10 m2/s. The effect of curing time is discussed. Products of the effective diffusion coefficients and porosity (neDe) decreased by 22 % from specimens cured for 14 days to specimens cured for 28 days prior to testing while from 70 to 126 days of curing neDe only changed by 8 %. This suggests that curing should be carried out for greater than 70 days prior to conducting these tests.
Laboratory Studies on Pressure Filtration in Post-Grouting of Drilled Shaft Tips in Clay
Authors: Fang Kai , Zhang Zhongmiao , Zou Jian , Wang Zhijie 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Practice has proved that significant tip capacity improvement can be realized through pressure grouting for drilled shaft tips in clay. A comprehensive series of laboratory model experiments were conducted in order to study the influence of pressure filtration on tip improvement and provide an insight into the influence factors of pressure filtration. The fundamental variables that could affect pressure filtration behavior, including filtration pressure P, water cement ratio wi, and clay thickness H were studied in these experiments. Results indicate that the velocity of pressure filtration is determined by the velocity of water through clay. The final water cement ratio of grout is maintained at about 0.3 after the pressure filtration process regardless of the initial water content under the pressures of 75–225 kPa. Atomic absorption spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the mechanism of exchange of cations. The analyses reveal that the Ca2+ ions from cement grout exchange with Na+ and K+ adsorbed in clay particles. The separated clay particles become more close to each other after the exchange of cations. In addition, the results of laboratory direct shear tests show that the shear strength of the clay after pressure filtration is also increased due to the compression of the clay and the exchange of cations.
Geotechnical Characteristics of an Aerated Soil-Stabilizer Mixture as Backfill Material
Authors: Jo Seon-Ah , Lee Changho , Lim Yujin , Jin Kyu-Nam , Cho Gye-Chun 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
A considerable amount of effort has been made to find alternatives to conventional backfill materials in civil engineering works because conventional backfilling has disadvantages including insufficient compaction and shortages in the supply of natural materials. A flowable and lightweight fill material, specifically an aerated soil-stabilizer mixture (ASSM), is one such alternative to solve these problems. The geotechnical properties of ASSM with various water content levels were measured and analyzed to determine the optimal mixing ratio. The water content level controls the geotechnical characteristics of ASSM. ASSM mixed with a water content of 25 % yields the highest compressive and shear strengths and shows a suitable density and an allowable degree of vertical deformation. A series of laboratory tests was performed to estimate the geotechnical characteristics of the optimally mixed ASSM. The density, vertical deformation, compressive and shear strength, shear modulus, and coefficient of lateral earth pressure at rest (K0) were measured. Its suitability as a backfill material was then investigated in comparisons with other backfill materials. ASSM shows better performance than typical backfill materials, as its strength, shear modulus, and linear threshold strain are higher, whereas its density and K0 values are smaller.
Automated True Triaxial Apparatus and its Application to Over-consolidated Clay
Authors: Ye Guan-lin , Sheng Jia-ren , Ye Bin , Wang Jian-hua 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA better understanding of long-term mechanical behavior of over-consolidated clay (OC) is important to numerous geotechnical problems. Most previous experimental studies, however, have used sand or normally consolidated clay (NC); only limited reports of the drained true triaxial test of OC are available. In this paper, an electro-pneumatic (E/P) regulator based automatic control true triaxial apparatus is developed. A mixed boundary loading device designed by Nakai Research Group is used in the apparatus. Unlike other loading devices, the membrane covers not only the vertical but also the horizontal rigid platens, which can apply arbitrary three different principal stresses to the block specimen. The loading pattern that can reduce the corner effect and the interference problem is also analyzed. The method to increase the pressure control precision of the E/P regulator as well as the automatic control system is presented. An extra volume change due to water-absorption of membrane during long time drained test is discussed and a simple solution is proposed. The apparatus is used to study the mechanical properties of NC and OC clays under drained condition. The test results show that the initial stiffness, shear strength and dilatancy are largely influenced by the Lode angle. Furthermore, both the NC and OC clays obey the Matsuoka-Nakai criteria well.
Dynamic Actuator for Centrifuge Modeling of Soil-Structure Interaction
Authors: Cabrera Miguel Angel , Caicedo Bernardo , Thorel Luc 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
This paper presents a new dynamic actuator useful to study soil-structure interactions in a centrifuge. This new dynamic apparatus is based on an amplified piezoelectric actuator. Using this device it is possible to create vibrations in the soil sample of different frequencies and amplitudes. The dynamic actuator consists of a set of weights in a single degree of freedom system plus a piezoelectric actuator and a piezoelectric load cell, which measures the dynamic load. A description of the dynamic actuator and its application to dynamic soil-structure interaction under wind turbines is presented. The calibration of the dynamic actuator and some results of centrifuge tests for shallow and embedded foundations are presented.
Projective relatedness and conformal flatness
Authors: Hall Graham 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
This paper discusses the connection between projective relatedness and conformal flatness for 4-dimensional manifolds admitting a metric of signature (+,+,+,+) or (+,+,+,−). It is shown that if one of the manifolds is conformally flat and not of the most general holonomy type for that signature then, in general, the connections of the manifolds involved are the same and the second manifold is also conformally flat. Counterexamples are provided which place limitations on the potential strengthening of the results.
Macrophages, TGF-β1 expression and iron deposition in development of NASH
Authors: Ananiev Julian , Penkova Mariana , Tchernev Georgi , Gulubova Maya 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
A wide range of molecular markers and different types of cells in liver are possible factors for progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) development of liver fibrosis. We investigated biopsies from 57 patients with NASH. The material was obtained from livers and was proceed immunohistochemistry antibodies against CD68 and TGF-beta 1. In addition, biopsies were evaluated for iron content. Macrophages/-positive/could be found in all 57 cases. The number of macrophages in the sinusoids correlated with the degree of portal fibrosis:64.% of the patients with mild or intensive fibrosis had high infiltration with CD68-positive cells, while 100% of the patients without fibrosis hadlow infiltration (χ2=8.56; p=0.003). In specimens we, 69.% of patients with different degree of fibrosis expressed TGF-β1 in their portal tracts, and 100% of patients without fibrosis did demonstrate expression of the protein (χ2=23.7; p<0.001). Hepatic iron was found in 100% (9) of patients with intensive fibrosis vs. 10.3% of the patients mild fibrosis (χ2=23.4; p<0.001). Our results suggest that the macrophages and macrophage-derived TGF-beta1 are the major factors responsible for development of fibrosis and progression of chronic liver disease.
Topology optimization of quasistatic contact problems
Authors: Myśliński Andrzej 
Published: June 2012

Topology optimization of quasistatic contact problemsThis paper deals with the formulation of a necessary optimality condition for a topology optimization problem for an elastic contact problem with Tresca friction. In the paper a quasistatic contact model is considered, rather than a stationary one used in the literature. The functional approximating the normal contact stress is chosen as the shape functional. The aim of the topology optimization problem considered is to find the optimal material distribution inside a design domain occupied by the body in unilateral contact with the rigid foundation to obtain the optimally shaped domain for which the normal contact stress along the contact boundary is minimized. The volume of the body is assumed to be bounded. Using the material derivative and asymptotic expansion methods as well as the results concerning the differentiability of solutions to quasistatic variational inequalities, the topological derivative of the shape functional is calculated and a necessary optimality condition is formulated.
Localization in wireless sensor networks: Classification and evaluation of techniques
Authors: Niewiadomska-Szynkiewicz Ewa 
Published: June 2012

Localization in wireless sensor networks: Classification and evaluation of techniquesRecent advances in technology have enabled the development of low cost, low power and multi functional wireless sensing devices. These devices are networked through setting up a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Sensors that form a WSN are expected to be remotely deployed in large numbers and to self-organize to perform distributed sensing and acting tasks. WSNs are growing rapidly in both size and complexity, and it is becoming increasingly difficult to develop and investigate such large and complex systems. In this paper we provide a brief introduction to WSN applications, i.e., properties, limitations and basic issues related to WSN design and development. We focus on an important aspect of the design: accurate localization of devices that form the network. The paper presents an overview of localization strategies and attempts to classify different techniques. A set of properties by which localization systems are evaluated are examined. We then describe a number of existing localization systems, and discuss the results of performance evaluation of some of them through simulation and experiments using a testbed implementation.
Distributed scheduling of sensor networks for identification of spatio-temporal processes
Authors: Patan Maciej 
Published: June 2012

Distributed scheduling of sensor networks for identification of spatio-temporal processesAn approach to determine a scheduling policy for a sensor network monitoring some spatial domain in order to identify unknown parameters of a distributed system is discussed. Given a finite number of possible sites at which sensors are located, the activation schedule for scanning sensors is provided so as to maximize a criterion defined on the Fisher information matrix associated with the estimated parameters. The related combinatorial problem is relaxed through operating on the density of sensors in lieu of individual sensor positions. Then, based on the adaptation of pairwise communication algorithms and the idea of running consensus, a numerical scheme is developed which distributes the computational burden between the network nodes. As a result, a simple exchange algorithm is outlined to solve the design problem in a decentralized fashion.
A modified filter SQP method as a tool for optimal control of nonlinear systems with spatio-temporal dynamics
Authors: Rafajłowicz Ewaryst , Styczeń Krystyn , Rafajłowicz Wojciech 
Published: June 2012

A modified filter SQP method as a tool for optimal control of nonlinear systems with spatio-temporal dynamicsOur aim is to adapt Fletcher's filter approach to solve optimal control problems for systems described by nonlinear Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) with state constraints. To this end, we propose a number of modifications of the filter approach, which are well suited for our purposes. Then, we discuss possible ways of cooperation between the filter method and a PDE solver, and one of them is selected and tested.
A Lyapunov functional for a system with a time-varying delay
Authors: Duda Józef 
Published: June 2012

A Lyapunov functional for a system with a time-varying delay
The paper presents a method to determine a Lyapunov functional for a linear time-invariant system with an interval time-varying delay. The functional is constructed for the system with a time-varying delay with a given time derivative, which is calculated on the system trajectory. The presented method gives analytical formulas for the coefficients of the Lyapunov functional.
LMI optimization problem of delay-dependent robust stability criteria for stochastic systems with polytopic and linear fractional uncertainties
Authors: Balasubramaniam Pagavathigounder , Lakshmanan Shanmugam , Rakkiyappan Rajan 
Published: June 2012

LMI optimization problem of delay-dependent robust stability criteria for stochastic systems with polytopic and linear fractional uncertaintiesThis paper studies an LMI optimization problem of delay-dependent robust stability criteria for stochastic systems with polytopic and linear fractional uncertainties. The delay is assumed to be time-varying and belong to a given interval, which means that lower and upper bounds of this interval time-varying delay are available. The uncertainty under consideration includes polytopic-type uncertainty and linear fractional norm-bounded uncertainty. Based on the new Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, some inequality techniques and stochastic stability theory, delay-dependent stability criteria are obtained in terms of Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs). Moreover, the derivative of time delays is allowed to take any value. Finally, four numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and to show an improvement over some results found in the literature.
The role of parameter constraints in EE and OE methods for optimal identification of continuous LTI models
Authors: Byrski Witold , Byrski Jęedrzej 
Published: June 2012

The role of parameter constraints in EE and OE methods for optimal identification of continuous LTI modelsThe paper presents two methods used for the identification of Continuous-time Linear Time Invariant (CLTI) systems. In both methods the idea of using modulating functions and a convolution filter is exploited. It enables the proper transformation of a differential equation to an algebraic equation with the same parameters. Possible different normalizations of the model are strictly connected with different parameter constraints which have to be assumed for the nontrivial solution of the optimal identification problem. Different parameter constraints result in different quality of identification. A thorough discussion on the role of parameter constraints in the optimality of system identification is included. For time continuous systems, the Equation Error Method (EEM) is compared with the continuous version of the Output Error Method (OEM), which appears as a special sub-case of the EEM.
Computer methods for stability analysis of the Roesser type model of 2D continuous-discrete linear systems
Authors: Busłowicz Mikołaj , Ruszewski Andrzej 
Published: June 2012

Computer methods for stability analysis of the Roesser type model of 2D continuous-discrete linear systemsAsymptotic stability of models of 2D continuous-discrete linear systems is considered. Computer methods for investigation of the asymptotic stability of the Roesser type model are given. The methods require computation of eigenvalue-loci of complex matrices or evaluation of complex functions. The effectiveness of the stability tests is demonstrated on numerical examples.
Neuro-rough-fuzzy approach for regression modelling from missing data
Authors: Simiński Krzysztof 
Published: June 2012

Neuro-rough-fuzzy approach for regression modelling from missing dataReal life data sets often suffer from missing data. The neuro-rough-fuzzy systems proposed hitherto often cannot handle such situations. The paper presents a neuro-fuzzy system for data sets with missing values. The proposed solution is a complete neuro-fuzzy system. The system creates a rough fuzzy model from presented data (both full and with missing values) and is able to elaborate the answer for full and missing data examples. The paper also describes the dedicated clustering algorithm. The paper is accompanied by results of numerical experiments.
Noise effects in the quantum search algorithm from the viewpoint of computational complexity
Authors: Gawron Piotr , Klamka Jerzy , Winiarczyk Ryszard 
Published: June 2012

Noise effects in the quantum search algorithm from the viewpoint of computational complexityWe analyse the resilience of the quantum search algorithm in the presence of quantum noise modelled as trace preserving completely positive maps. We study the influence of noise on the computational complexity of the quantum search algorithm. We show that it is only for small amounts of noise that the quantum search algorithm is still more efficient than any classical algorithm.
Hemoglobin aggregates studied under static and dynamic conditions involving the formation of nanobacteria-like structures
Authors: Baum Jeramy , Jones Riland , Manning Thomas , Nienow James , Phillips Dennis 
Published: June 2012

Hemoglobin aggregates studied under static and dynamic conditions involving the formation of nanobacteria-like structures
Laser light scattering and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used to study hemoglobin in the aqueous phase. The impact that salts [NaCl, Ca3(PO4)2] and iron oxide nanoparticles have on the hemoglobin size are also studied. The first set of experiments examined hemoglobin aggregates in the aqueous phases in the presence of salts and nanoparticles. Aqueous phase samples were then dehydrated and examined using SEM. The resulting structures resemble those observed in nanobacteria studies conducted in other labs. This study demonstrates that aggregates of hemoglobin and various salts found in a physiological environment can produce structures that resemble nanobacteria.
Immunomodulatory effects of anti-estrogenic drugs
Authors: Ray Amitabha , Ficek Monica 
Published: June 2012

Immunomodulatory effects of anti-estrogenic drugsThere are substantial experimental, epidemiological and clinical evidences that show that breast cancer pathology is influenced by endogenous estrogens. This knowledge is the foundation upon which endocrine deprivation therapy has been developed as a major modality for the management of breast cancer. Tamoxifen, which functions as a competitive partial agonist-inhibitor of estrogen at its receptor, has been widely used for more than three decades for adjuvant endocrine treatment in breast cancer. Currently, other effective drugs for endocrine therapy include raloxifene, different aromatase inhibitors (particularly third-generation agents) and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists. In recent years, a growing body of evidence suggests that these drugs can also act as immune modulators by altering the function of various leukocytes and the release of different cytokines. Moreover, there is evidence that anti-estrogens may prove to be beneficial in the treatment or prevention of some autoimmune diseases due to their effects on immune function. However, their immunopharmacological aspects in the present state of knowledge are not precisely comprehensible. Only a clear pathophysiological understanding could lead to an efficient strategy for breast cancer prevention and decrease in the mortality due to this disease.
Culture conditions and salt effects on essential oil composition of sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana) from Tunisia
Authors: Baâtour Olfa , Tarchoune Imen , Mahmoudi Hela , Nassri Nawel , Abidi Wissal , Kaddour Rym , Hamdaoui Ghaith , Nasri-Ayachi Mouhiba , Lachaâl Mohtar , Marzouk Brahim 
Published: June 2012

Culture conditions and salt effects on essential oil composition of sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana) from TunisiaO. majoranashoots were investigated for their essential oil (EO) composition. Two experiments were carried out; the first on hydroponic medium in a culture chamber and the second on inert sand in a greenhouse for 20 days. Plants were cultivated for 17 days in hydroponic medium supplemented with NaCl 100 mmol L-1. The results showed that theO. majoranahydroponic medium offered higher essential oil yield than that from the greenhouse. The latter increased significantly in yield (by 50 %) under saline constraint while it did not change in the culture chamber. Under greenhouse conditions and in the absence of salt treatment, the major constituents were terpinen-4-ol andtrans-sabinene hydrate. However, in the culture chamber, the major volatile components werecis-sabinene hydrate and terpinen-4-ol. In the presence of NaCl, new compounds appeared, such as eicosane, spathulenol, eugenol, and phenol. In addition, in the greenhouse, with or without salt, a very important change oftrans-sabinene hydrate concentration in EO occurred, whereas in the culture chamber change appeared incis-sabinene hydrate content.