bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Phototherapy on Demodex Parasıte Densıty
Authors: Urgancı Tatlı Işıl E. , Bilgin Dudu İ. 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Demodex parasites are the most common ectoparasites in humans. One of the factors in the pathogenesis of an increase in parasite density is immunosuppression. In this prospective study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of phototherapy-induced immunosuppression on Demodex density.

Material and Methods:
Thirty-five patients receiving phototherapy were included in the study. The number of parasites in the samples taken from the right cheek, left cheek, forehead, nose and chin of the patients, by standardized skin surface biopsy method, were recorded before phototherapy and in the third month of treatment.

Results:
Of the 35 patients, the female-to-male ratio was found to be 2.1:1. There was no statistically significant difference between the ages of the male and female patients. The increase in the number of parasites in the right cheek, left cheek, nose and chin in the third month was statistically significant; whereas the increase in the forehead was not.

Conclusion:
The results of our study showed that phototherapy can cause an increase in Demodex density, and these findings are compatible with those of other studies in the literature. Since our study aims to evaluate density at the beginning and the end of the third month of phototherapy, it differs from other studies by indicating the effect of phototherapy more accurately.
Salivary Antioxidants Levels in Patients with Oral Lichen Planus
Authors: Shirzaiy Masoomeh , Salehian Mohammad Ali , Dalirsani Zohreh 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is one of the most common diseases of the oral mucosa, which exact pathogenesis remains unknown. Free radicals and reactive oxygen species could play an important role in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus.

Aims and Objectives:
This study aimed to compare the salivary levels of uric acid, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and albumin in the patients with oral lichen planus and healthy subjects.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty patients with oral lichen planus and 30 healthy subjects, who were matched for age and sex, were enrolled in this case-control study. The salivary concentration of uric acid, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and albumin were examined in these individuals using the spectrophotometry and coulometric technique. The data were analyzed through Mann-Whitney test and T test by SPSS software (ver. 19).

Results:
Salivary uric acid and albumin levels in patients with oral lichen planus and healthy controls were not statistically different (p > 0.05); however, the concentrations of salivary superoxide dismutase in OLP patients (660.4 ± 266.4 U/g protein) and healthy controls (935.73 ± 561.9 U/g protein) were significantly different (p < 0/05). Also, salivary glutathione peroxidase levels in healthy controls (1049.98 ± 964.56 mU/mL) were remarkably higher than OLP patients (244.12 ± 170.78 mU/mL) (p < 0/001).

Conclusion:
The salivary superoxide dismutase concentration, as an indicator of antioxidant system, in OLP patients was significantly higher than healthy subjects. The glutathione peroxidase levels in these patients were remarkably lower than healthy controls. It is suggestive that these markers could be effective in pathogenesis of OLP.
Odd Sites of Parathyroid Adenomas: 18F-fluorocholine PET/CT Pointing to the Right Place
Authors: Aphale Rijuta , Dharmashaktu Yamini , Damle Nishikant Avinash , Singareddy Chandrateja Reddy , Behera Abhishek , Wakankar Ritwik , Kumar Praveen , Bal Chandrasekhar , Khadgawat Rajesh , Chumber Sunil 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Primary hyperparathyroidism is mostly caused by parathyroid adenoma(s) which are generally localized using routine imaging modalities such as neck ultrasonography and 99mTc-SestaMIBI scintigraphy. However, these can miss ectopic parathyroid adenomas due to their limited sensitivities. These ectopic lesions can later lead to failure of surgical excision and necessitate the need for a re-exploration. 18F-fluorocholine (FCH) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) can help in the localization of these ectopic adenomas due to its superior detection rates and spatial resolution. Herein, we report a case of ectopic parathyroid adenomas that were localized on FCH PET/CT.
Prognostic Strength of CA 19-9, Demographic Parameters, and Maximum Standardized Uptake Value of Baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT in Treatment-naïve Patients with Pancreatic Carcinoma
Authors: Fatima Nosheen , Zaman Unaiza , Zaman Areeba , Zaman Sidra , Tahseen Rabia , Zaman Maseeh Uz 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aim and Background:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of imaging-based variables and tumor marker in predicting the progression-free survival (PFS) in treatment-naïve pancreatic cancer (PC) using baseline 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT).

Materials and Methods:
This retro-prospective study was conducted at PET/CT imaging facility of JCIA health-care facility of Pakistan. Total 68 patients with PCs were retrospectively included who had 18FDG PET/CT for staging from March 2017 to December 2020. Thirty-two patients had unresectable Stage IV disease on baseline imaging while the remaining 36 underwent Whipple’s procedure and both categories were followed by chemotherapy with/without immunotherapy. These patients were followed for a median period of 18 months (1–62 months) for PFS. Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were used for independent predictors of patients’ demographics, tumor characteristics, CA 19-9, and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in PFS. Kaplan–Meier’s survival curves were analyzed to measure PFS using ROC-derived significant cutoff values of CA 19-9 and SUVmax.

Results:
Median PFS was 18 months (11-45) with 60% (41/68) patients were either died or labelled having metabolic progressive disease (MPD. Using logistic regression analysis, significant correlations were found for Stage IV disease and pancreatic body/tail tumor with disease progression (odd ratio: 7.535 and 4.803, respectively; P < 0.05). Gender, obesity, histological tumor type, and 18FDG-avid regional nodes did not show a significant impact on PFS. On ROC analysis, SUVmax >5.3 of primary tumor and baseline CA 19-9 >197 U/ml were found to have a significant negative correlation with PFS (area under the curve: 0.827 and 0.911, respectively; P < 0.0001) and no association of age and primary tumor size in PFS. Significantly, shorter PFS was found using ROC-derived cutoff values of SUVmax >5.3 versus ≤5.3 of primary tumor (mean and 95% confidence interval [CI]: 16.7 vs. 48.5 and 10–23 vs. 41–56; log-rank = 25.014; P < 0.0001) and baseline CA 19-9 >197 versus ≤197 U/ml (mean and 95% CI: 11.8 vs. 46.9 and 7–16 vs. 39–55; log-rank = 38.217; P < 0.0001).

Conclusion:
SUVmax >5.3 of primary tumor and baseline CA 19-9 >197 U/ml were found to have a significant negative correlation with PFS in treatment-naïve PC patients. Among demographics, only Stage IV disease and pancreatic tail and body tumors were found to have a negative association with disease progression.
Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma with Unusual Mandible Metastasis
Authors: Tayyar Merve Nur Acar , Uyanik Ercan , Babacan Gündüzalp Bugrahan , Sahin Mehmet Can , Kisbet Tanju 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Follicular thyroid cancer is the second-most common type of thyroid cancer after papillary thyroid cancer. Metastases to the mandible and maxillofacial region are rare. Our study presents a 55-year-old patient who underwent total thyroidectomy for follicular thyroid cancer and subsequent radioactive iodine therapy. Sixteen years after diagnosis, elevated thyroglobulin levels suggested disease recurrence. Using advanced imaging techniques – Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan, bone scintigraphy, and posttreatment I-131 scan-an unexpected metastatic site was identified: the left mandibular condyle. A biopsy confirmed the presence of metastatic follicular thyroid cancer.
Incidental Bilateral Thighs Muscular Uptake of Technetium-99m MDP on Bone Scan in a Patient with Left Condylar Hyperplasia
Authors: Viswanathan Rahul , Jaleel Jasim , Sagar Sambit , Khan Dikhra , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We present a case of a 22-year-old male patient who underwent a bone scan for evaluation of left condylar hyperplasia. Incidentally, the bone scan revealed bilateral thighs muscular uptake of technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate, which initially raised concerns for an underlying pathological process. However, further investigation revealed that the abnormal uptake was due to postexercise effects. This case report highlights the importance of considering benign causes of abnormal radiotracer uptake and the need for careful correlation with clinical history to avoid unnecessary diagnostic interventions.
Evaluation of EMG Activity of Superficial Respiratory Muscles and Vital Capacity Parameters During Different Pelvic Tilts in Standing, Sitting and Lying Postures
Authors: Chaudhary Sarika , Harish C. , Kaur Sharnpreet , Shenoy Shweta 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Postures such as kyphosis and lordosis of the spine affect the vital capacity parameters. These spinal alignment alterations may enhance the efficacy of the respiratory muscle contraction and the volume of air available in the lung.

Aim:
To examine the effects of different pelvic tilt positions in varying postures on the vital capacity parameters and respiratory muscles.

Setting and Design:
This was a cross-sectional one-way repeated measures design. The study was conducted at MYAS-GNDU Department of Sports Sciences and Medicine, GNDU, Amritsar.

Subjects and Methods:
Twenty healthy male individuals aged between 18 and 24 years participated in the study. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were measured using Spiro Excel when performing anterior, posterior, and neutral pelvic tilts in standing, sitting, and lying postures, and their superficial respiratory muscle activity was measured with surface electromyography.

Statistical Analysis:
Repeated measures analysis of variance was applied and Bonferroni correction was used for post hoc analysis.

Results:
There was a significant difference in FVC and FEV1 during standing, sitting, and lying postures in all pelvic tilts, with the highest in sitting. Whereas, FEV1/FVC showed a significant difference when performing anterior and posterior tilts in standing, sitting, and lying, with the highest in standing. Increase in PEF was only seen in posterior pelvic tilt in sitting. External oblique muscle showed a significant activity in standing, lying, and sitting with varying pelvic tilts.

Conclusion:
The sitting posture could be more effective for pulmonary rehabilitation due to increased vital capacity, followed by standing and lying.
Students Perception on Resumption of Offline Classes During the Pandemic Using College Reopening Survey Questionnaire
Authors: Chitra Jeba , Anoop Akshita , Haldankar Ankita 
Published: May 2024

Context:
Due to the CoronaVirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, educational institutions in India have been considering various online methods as part of teaching and learning. When the guidelines to resume offline classes were issued by the government, it was an uphill task in maintaining the course delivery while ensuring the safety of the students and faculty. This was associated with different perceptions and opinions toward the reopening of the colleges of students and parents.

Aims:
To assess student's perception on resuming offline classes among the pandemic using college reopening survey questionnaire.

Settings and Design:
A cross-sectional study was done on undergraduate students from the Health Science University of Belagavi, Karnataka.

Subjects and Methods:
An Internet-Based Survey of undergraduate students was undertaken. A college reopening survey questionnaire which comprised 13 questions, was developed and e-mailed to 401 health science students using Google Forms to assess student's perception on resumption of offline classes among the pandemic. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were also studied.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The perception was assessed as frequency, percentage of responses in addition to Cronbach's alpha values for validity and reliability of the questionnaire.

Results:
The study showed favorable perception of 80% of students favoring to resume offline classes in the situation of the pandemic, which was consistent across the genders, year of education, and course. The score for reliability and validity was 0.803, which is statistically excellent.

Conclusions:
Students showed favorable perceptions on resuming offline classes among the pandemic.
Effectiveness of Mental Practice on Balance in Normal Young Adults
Authors: Kulkarni Manjiri Ajit , Rawal Vidhi T 
Published: May 2024

Context:
Mental practice (MP) is a method in which, mental imagery is used to train the performance of a task without performing any visible physical practice. The effects of the MP are dependent on factors such as the characteristics of the learner and the task, practice settings, the learning phase, and form of MP. Balance is defined as the condition of an object when the resultant load actions (forces or movement) acting upon it are zero. Good balance is important for many activities. Exercises that improve balance can help prevent falls. There are limited studies which focus on the effect of MP on balance using clinical tests for balance assessment. Hence, the aim of the study is to find the effectiveness of MP on balance using the clinical test on normal younger adults.

Aim:
To compare the effects of MP and balance training on Unipedal Stand Test, 1 Repetition Maximum and modified Clinical test for sensory interaction on balance in younger adults.

Materials and Methods:
60 subjects who followed inclusion criteria were taken and divided into experimental and control groups (n = 30) respectively. The experimental group was given MP and balance training whereas the control group received only balance training for 4 weeks. Outcome measures were assessed before and after the intervention.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Intergroup analysis was done by MannWhitney U-test and within group analysis were done by Wilcoxon rank test for all outcome measures with pre, post data. The results showed significant improvement in balance, ankle muscular strength, and sensory organization in the experimental group.

Conclusion:
This study shows that MP in combination with the balance training leads to improvement in balance in normal younger adults.
Internet of Things (IoT) Adoption Model for Early Identification and Monitoring of COVID-19 Cases
Authors: Shanbehzadeh Mostafa , Nopour Raoof , Kazemi-Arpanahi Hadi 
Published: May 2024

Background:
The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a mysterious and highly infectious disease that was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. The virus poses a great threat to global health and the economy. Currently, in the absence of effective treatment or vaccine, leveraging advanced digital technologies is of great importance. In this respect, the Internet of Things (IoT) is useful for smart monitoring and tracing of COVID-19. Therefore, in this study, we have reviewed the literature available on the IoT-enabled solutions to tackle the current COVID-19 outbreak.

Methods:
This systematic literature review was conducted using an electronic search of articles in the PubMed, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science databases to formulate a complete view of the IoT-enabled solutions to monitoring and tracing of COVID-19 according to the FITT (Fit between Individual, Task, and Technology) model.

Results:
In the literature review, 28 articles were identified as eligible for analysis. This review provides an overview of technological adoption of IoT in COVID-19 to identify significant users, either primary or secondary, required technologies including technical platform, exchange, processing, storage and added-value technologies, and system tasks or applications at “on-body,” “in-clinic/hospital,” and even “in-community” levels.

Conclusions:
The use of IoT along with advanced intelligence and computing technologies for ubiquitous monitoring and tracking of patients in quarantine has made it a critical aspect in fighting the spread of the current COVID-19 and even future pandemics.
Rhabdomyolysis – A Rare Presentation of COVID-19
Authors: Aggarwal Rupal , Pandit Sanjay , Dharra Gaurav , Khan Ulma , Chawla Kishore 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic presented a great global health-care challenge. The spectrum of illness comprises pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations including hepatic, renal, and neurological complications. Our patient is a young male who presented with fever, severe myalgia, and respiratory distress. After a thorough clinical examination and laboratory investigations, the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia and associated rhabdomyolysis was made. He developed acute renal failure for which intravenous hydration was given. He also required renal replacement therapy. He was successfully treated and discharged with complete remission of symptoms. We did a literature search for similar cases and have discussed the potential mechanisms implied for these complications.
Evaluation of Hearing Functions in Children with Celiac Disease and the Effect of Gluten-free Diet on these Functions
Authors: Atan D , Comba A 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
The present study aims to investigate the potential impact of celiac disease (CD) on hearing functions and assess the effect of a gluten-free diet (GFD) on this condition.

Materials and Methods:
The study included 55 children with CD (110 ears) and 25 healthy controls (50 ears) matched for age and gender. The CD group was divided into adherent (n = 31) and nonadherent (n = 24) to GFD. Participants underwent tympanometry and pure tone audiometry assessments covering frequencies from 500 to 4000 Hz.

Results:
Patients with CD showed significantly higher air and bone conduction hearing averages compared to the control group at frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz for air conduction, and at 500 Hz for bone conduction (P < 0.05). Celiac patients, those who fully adhered to GFD, had notably higher air conduction hearing averages at 500, 2000, and 4000 Hz compared to healthy controls (P < 0.05). However, there was no difference in bone conduction hearing averages between the two groups. In contrast, celiac patients who did not comply with GFD had statistically significantly higher air and bone conduction hearing averages than the control group (P < 0.05), at frequencies of 500, 1000, and 4000 Hz for air conduction, and at 500 and 1000 Hz for bone conduction (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
The study suggests that nonadherence to GFD may elevate the risk of hearing loss in children with CD. As a result, it is recommended to conduct hearing screenings for children with CD and underscore the importance of complying with GFD to mitigate further detrimental effects on hearing functions.
The Effect of Aromatherapy with Lavender Essential Oil on the Sleep and Fatigue Level of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis in Turkey: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kavuran E , Yurttaş A 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Fatigue is a common problem in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and is one of the most serious symptoms of the disease. Although many factors play a role in the etiology of fatigue in patients with MS, it has been reported that fatigue is caused by irregular or disrupted sleep patterns.

Aim:
The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of lavender oil aromatherapy on the sleep and fatigue of MS patients.

Methods:
The study was designed as a randomized controlled trial and was conducted in Turkey. The data of the study were collected using the Patient Description Form, Fatigue Severity Scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.

Results:
The mean FSS score in the experimental group was 6.86 ± 0.94 before the procedure and 3.42 ± 0.85 after the procedure, the mean PSQI score was 9.45 ± 1.23 before the procedure and 6.68 ± 2.87 after the procedure, and the difference in the mean scores between the two groups was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The results showed that aromatherapy with lavender essential oil has significant impacts on fatigue and sleep in MS patients. Lavender essential oil aromatherapy can be used by nurses as an independent nursing practice. It is an inexpensive, noninvasive, and reliable technique to manage fatigue in individuals with MS.
Vitamin (D) levels in children of families with a case of rheumatic fever or rheumatic heart disease
Authors: Abdallah Eman R , El-Nemr Shimaa B , Mabrouk Maaly M , Shoheib Salah A 
Published: May 2024

Background
The most prevalent acquired heart illnesses in children are rheumatic fever (RF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Differential regulation of innate immune cell subsets by vitamin D has been shown to effect cell maturation, metabolism, antigen presentation as well as cytokine and chemokine response and production.

Aim
The aim of this work was to evaluate vitamin D levels in children with acute RF and its relation to serum immunoglobulin levels.

Patients and methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted at Tanta University Hospital, Pediatric cardiology unit, outpatient clinic, and clinical pathology unit in two groups: group 1 which included 49 children who were subdivided into: group 1a: which included 10 RF or RHD patients and group 1b: included 39 children (brothers or sisters of rheumatic patients). Group 2 (control group): included 40 apparently healthy children of matched age and sex. All patients were subjected to full history taking, echocardiographic examination and laboratory investigations (Vitamin D3, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, antistreptolysin O titre, C-reactive protein (CRP), Calcium (Ca), phosphorus, immunoglobulins G (IgG), complement 3 (C3), and complement 4 (C4).

Results
There is a statistically significant decrease Ca, C4, and vit D3 levels in patient group compared with the control group. Vitamin D level was positively correlated with C4 levels. There is no statistically significant change was recorded regarding Ph, immunoglobulins G, or C3.

Conclusion
Children with RHD and children in families with RF or RHD are risky for vitamin D deficiency.