bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hysteretic Gas Sorption in a Microporous Metal–Organic Framework with Nonintersecting 3D Channels
Authors: Seo Jinwoo , Chun Hyungphil 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA permanently porous metal–organic framework (MOF) based on infinite chains of metal ions and angular dicarboxylate ligands was synthesized, and its unusual gas sorption properties were characterized. Zn2+ ions react with 2,7‐ndcH2 (2,7‐naphthalenedicarboxylic acid) to produce a double‐walled framework, [Zn(2,7‐ndc)]. The porous MOF possesses narrow channels in three perpendicular directions. Gas sorption studies using Ar, CO2, H2, N2, and O2 at various temperatures reveal that saturation isotherms show a stepwise adsorption and hysteresis loops that are highly unusual features for microporous materials. The unexpected gas sorption behavior of the microporous MOF is due to the unique arrangement of the pore channels and their narrow passages comparable to the critical dimensions of adsorptive gases. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2010)
Pyrene‐Functionalised Copper Complexes as Potential Dual‐Modality Imaging Agents
Authors: Holland Jason P. , Fisher Victoria , Hickin Jennie A. , Peach Josephine M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe syntheses of pyrene‐functionalised bis(thiosemicarbazonato)zinc and ‐copper complexes are reported. In contrast to previously reported bis(thiosemicarbazonato)Cu2+ complexes which are nonfluorescent, the pyrene group remains highly fluorescent. The compounds have been characterised by using a wide range of techniques including reverse‐phase HPLC, cyclic voltammetry, NMR, electronic absorption (UV/Vis), infrared and fluorescence emission spectroscopy. Spectroelectrochemistry experiments demonstrated that the Cu2+ complexes undergo quasi‐reversible one‐electron reduction at biologically accessible potentials. Density functional theory calculations were used to probe the electronic structure of the pyrene‐functionalised copper complexes and confirmed that the ligand‐based fluorescent emission occurs due to the absence of orbital interactions between the pyrene and bis(thiosemicarbazonato)copper groups. These preliminary studies demonstrate that the new copper complexes have potential to be used as dual‐modality agents for in vitro cellular fluorescence microscopy and in vivo positron emission tomography experiments.
Separation of inorganic and small organic anions by CE using phosphonium‐based mono‐ and dicationic reagents
Authors: Křížek Tomáš , Breitbach Zachary S. , Armstrong Daniel W. , Tesařová Eva , Coufal Pavel 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe separation of relatively small, fast‐migrating anions by CE is not possible under standard conditions with cathodic EOF of relatively high velocity. Therefore, separation approaches for these analytes usually include suppression or reversal of the EOF using various cationic additives to the BGE or covalent coating of the capillary walls. In this study, novel phosphonium‐based mono‐ and dicationic reagents (originally synthesized as ionic liquids) were evaluated as additives to the BGE for the separation of inorganic and small organic anions. The effects of these reagents on the EOF and their interactions with anionic analytes were compared. The effects of the additive's structure and concentration as well as the separation buffer pH have been studied. Propane‐1,3‐bis(tripropylphosphonium) fluoride proved to be the most effective additive, as it suppressed the EOF in the system and enabled remarkable manipulation of separation selectivity. A method for fast, reliable, and efficient separation of six inorganic and seven organic anions within 7 min time was developed using propane‐1,3‐bis(tripropylphosphonium) fluoride as an additive to the separation buffer.
Seed characters and testa sculptures of some Iranian Allium L. species (Alliaceae)
Authors: Neshati Fatemeh , Fritsch Reinhard M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractSeeds taken from herbarium specimens of 20 Allium taxa were investigated. The seeds of all species were black ranging from 1.7 mm (A. lamondiae) to 4 mm (A. altissimum and A. stipitatum) in length and 1 mm (A. lamondiae) to 3 mm (A. altissimum) in width. So, A. lamondiae had the smallest and A. altissimum the largest seeds. In the mean, the members of subg. Melanocrommyum had somewhat larger and the species of sect. Avulsea somewhat smaller seeds than most species belonging to other groups. The shape was generally ovate or variants of it and showed only slight differences between members of different sections.The seed coat pattern was more variable. Most common were convex, granulate periclinal walls bearing several verrucae. Only A. borszczowii showed flat, densely granulate periclinal walls without verrucae, and A. bungei and A. joharchii had somewhat verruca‐like aggregating grana. The majority of the species investigated showed S‐like, rarely Omega‐like, undulated anticlinal walls with variable wavelengths and amplitudes. The testa cells of A. joharchii showed transitions to straight anticlinal walls. More or less straight anticlinal walls in A. kopetdagense, A. paradoxum, A. barsczewskii, and A. scabriscapum were connected with the presence of a strip‐like widened and transversally striated intercellular region covering these walls.The seed coat pattern of most species corresponded well to earlier reports of the same or closely related species, or was at least already reported for not related Allium species. Only A. borszczowii and A. monophyllum displayed testa types earlier not reported. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Meta‐analysis of genome‐wide association studies: no efficiency gain in using individual participant data
Authors: Lin D. Y. , Zeng D. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractTo identify genetic variants with modest effects on complex human diseases, a growing number of networks or consortia are created for sharing data from multiple genome‐wide association studies on the same disease or related disorders. A central question in this enterprise is whether to obtain summary results or individual participant data from relevant studies. We show theoretically and numerically that meta‐analysis of summary results is statistically as efficient as joint analysis of individual participant data (provided that both analyses are performed properly under the same modeling assumptions). We illustrate this equivalence with case‐control data from the Finland‐United States Investigation of NIDDM Genetics (FUSION) study. Collating only summary results will increase the number and representativeness of available studies, simplify data collection and analysis, reduce resource utilization, and accelerate discovery. Genet. Epidemiol. 34:60–66, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Burkitt lymphoma versus diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma: a practical approach
Authors: Bellan Cristiana , Stefano Lazzi , Giulia De Falco , Rogena Emily A , Lorenzo Leoncini 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBurkitt Lymphoma (BL) is listed in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of lymphoid tumours as an ‘aggressive B‐cell non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma’, characterized by a high degree of proliferation of the malignant cells and deregulation of the c‐MYC gene. The main diagnostic challenge in BL is to distinguish it from diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). While in children BL and DLBCL types probably do not differ clinically, and the differential diagnosis between BL and DLBCL may theoretically appear clear‐cut, in adults daily practice shows the existence of cases that have morphological features, immunophenotypic and cytogenetics intermediate between DLBCL and BL, and cannot be classified with certainty in these categories. Distinguishing between BL and DLBCL is critical, as the two diseases require different management. This review summarizes the current practical approach, including the use of a large panel of antibodies, and cytogenetic and molecular diagnostic techniques, to distinguish between BL, DLBCL and the provisional category of ‘B‐cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma’, now listed in the updated WHO classification. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Complementary use of fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging of metastatic esophageal cancer in a novel orthotopic mouse model
Authors: Gros Stephanie J. , Dohrmann Thorsten , Peldschus Kersten , Schurr Paulus G. , Kaifi Jussuf T. , Kalinina Tatyana , Reichelt Uta , Mann Oliver , Strate Tim G. , Adam Gerhard , Hoffman Robert M. , Izbicki Jakob R. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe describe the development of an aggressive orthotopic metastatic model of esophageal cancer, which is visualized in real time with combined magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluorescence imaging. The aim of the study was to describe the development of a novel model of metastatic tumor disease of esophageal carcinoma and use this model to evaluate fluorescence and MRI in early detection of local and metastatic disease. The human esophageal adenocarcinoma cell line PT1590 was stably transfected with green fluorescent protein (GFP). Nude mice were orthotopically implanted with PT1590‐GFP cells. Orthotopic tumor growth as well as metastatic spread was examined by fluorescence imaging and high‐resolution MRI at defined intervals after orthotopic implantation. Highly aggressive novel fluorescent cell lines were isolated from metastatic tissues and put into culture. After implantation of these cells, 100% of the animals developed orthotopic primary tumors. In 83% of animals, metastatic spread to liver, lung and lymph nodes was observed. Primary tumor growth could be visualized with fluorescence imaging and with MRI with high correlation between the 2 methods. Fluorescence imaging allows fast, sensitive, and economical imaging of the primary and metastatic tumor without anesthesia. With MRI, anatomical structures are visualized more precisely and tumors can be more accurately localized to specific organs. This model should prove highly useful to understand esophageal carcinoma and to identify novel therapeutics for this treatment‐resistant disease.
Frequent promoter hypermethylation of Wnt pathway inhibitor genes in malignant astrocytic gliomas
Authors: Götze Silke , Wolter Marietta , Reifenberger Guido , Müller Oliver , Sievers Sonja 
Published: October 2009

AbstractAberrant activation of wingless (Wnt) signaling is involved in the pathogenesis of various cancers. Recent studies suggested a role of Wnt signaling in gliomas, the most common primary brain tumors. We investigated 70 gliomas of different malignancy grades for promoter hypermethylation in 8 genes encoding members of the secreted frizzled‐related protein (SFRP1, SFRP2, SFRP4, SFRP5), dickkopf (DKK1, DKK3) and naked (NKD1, NKD2) families of Wnt pathway inhibitors. All tumors were additionally analyzed for mutations in exon 3 of the β‐catenin gene (CTNNB1). While none of the tumors carried CTNNB1 mutations, we found frequent promoter hypermethylation of Wnt pathway inhibitor genes, with at least one of these genes being hypermethylated in 6 of 16 diffuse astrocytomas (38%), 4 of 14 anaplastic astrocytomas (29%), 7 of 10 secondary glioblastomas (70%) and 23 of 30 primary glioblastomas (77%). Glioblastomas often demonstrated hypermethylation of 2 or more analyzed genes. Hypermethylation of SFRP1, SFRP2 and NKD2 each occurred in more than 40% of the primary glioblastomas, while DKK1 hypermethylation was found in 50% of secondary glioblastomas. Treatment of SFRP1‐, SFRP5‐, DKK1‐, DKK3‐, NKD1‐ and NKD2‐hypermethylated U87‐MG glioblastoma cells with 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine and trichostatin A resulted in increased expression of each gene. Furthermore, SFRP1‐hypermethylated gliomas showed significantly lower expression of the respective transcripts when compared with unmethylated tumors. Taken together, our results suggest an important role of epigenetic silencing of Wnt pathway inhibitor genes in astrocytic gliomas, in particular, in glioblastomas, with distinct patterns of hypermethylated genes distinguishing primary from secondary glioblastomas.
Protective effect of rosmarinic acid on V79 cells evaluated by the micronucleus and comet assays
Authors: Furtado Ricardo Andrade , de Araújo Felipe Rodrigues Rezende , Resende Flávia Aparecida , Cunha Wilson Roberto , Tavares Denise Crispim 
Published: October 2009

AbstractRosmarinic acid (RA) is a naturally occurring phenolic compound, which contributes to the beneficial and health‐promoting effects of herbs, spices and medicinal plants. RA has shown several biological activities, such as hepatoprotective, anti‐inflammatory, antiangiogenic, antitumor, antidepressant, antineurodegenerative, HIV‐1 inhibitory and antioxidant effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of RA to prevent chemically induced chromosome breakage or loss and primary DNA damage using the micronucleus and comet assays with V79 cells, respectively. The chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (DXR; 0.5 µg ml−1) was used as the DNA‐damaging agent. The cultures were treated with different concentrations of RA (0.28, 0.56 and 1.12 mm) alone or in combination with DXR. The results showed that RA exerted no genotoxic effect, but significantly reduced the frequency of micronuclei and the extent of DNA damage induced by DXR at the three concentrations tested. The antioxidant activity of RA might be involved in the reduction of DXR‐induced DNA damage observed in the present study. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Theoretical study on HBO+ and HOB+ cations using multiconfiguration second‐order perturbation theory
Authors: Li Wen‐Zuo , Cheng Jian‐Bo , Li Qing‐Zhong , Gong Bao‐An , Sun Jia‐Zhong 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe HBO+ and HOB+ cations have been reinvestigated using the CASSCF and CASPT2 methods in conjunction with the contracted atomic natural orbital (ANO) basis sets. The geometries of all stationary points in the potential energy surfaces were optimized at the CASSCF/ANO and CASPT2/ANO levels. The ground and the first excited states of HBO+ are predicted to be X2Π and A2Σ+ states, respectively. It was predicted that the ground state of HOB+ is X2Σ+ state. The A2Π state of HOB+ has unique imaginary frequency. A bending local minimum M1 was found for the first time along the 12A′′ potential energy surface and the A2Π state of HOB+ should be the transition state of the isomerization reactions for M1↔ M1. The CASPT2/ANO potential energy curves (PECs) of isomerization reactions were calculated as functions of the HBO bond angle. Many of the CASSCF and CASPT2 calculated results were different from the previously published QCISD(T) results. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010
Thrombin stimulates RPE cell proliferation by promoting c‐Fos‐mediated cyclin D1 expression
Authors: Parrales Alejandro , Palma‐Nicolás José Prisco , López Edith , López‐Colomé Ana María 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) plays an essential role in the maintenance and normal functioning of the neural retina. Alterations in RPE function are involved in several ocular pathologies involving the breakdown of the blood–retina barrier (BRB), which exposes RPE to serum components, thrombin among them. Our previous work has shown that thrombin stimulates the proliferation of RPE cells. We here analyzed the molecular pathways leading to this outcome, in order to support thrombin involvement in proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), a major cause of retinal surgery failure. We demonstrated that thrombin activation of PAR‐1 promotes cyclin D1 expression at the transcriptional level by stimulating c‐Fos expression, mediated by PI3K, MAPK ERK1/2, and conventional PKC activity. Our results show that ERK activation is necessary but not sufficient for the induction of cyclin D1 expression and proliferation, since the inhibition of PI3K or cPKC prevents this outcome. Analysis of thrombin‐activated PAR‐1 downstream effectors demonstrated that c‐Fos expression by the sustained activation of ERK and c‐fos transcription triggers the expression and nuclear translocation of cyclin D1, a key regulator of cell cycle G1/S phase progression leading to proliferation. Evidence here provided contributes to the understanding of the mechanisms involved in proliferative eye diseases and enhances the possibility of controlling pathologies such as proliferative PVR, which eventually lead to blindness. J. Cell. Physiol. 222: 302–312, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The view from everywhere: Disciplining diversity in post–World War II international social science
Authors: Selcer Perrin 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThis paper explores the attempt of social scientists associated with Unesco to create a system of knowledge production to provide the international perspective necessary for democratic governance of a world community. Social scientists constructed a federal system of international associations that institutionalized American disciplines on an international scale. An international perspective emerged through the process of interdisciplinary international research. I call this ideal of coordinating multiple subjectivities to produce objectivity the “view from everywhere.” Influenced by social psychological “action‐research,” collaborative research was group therapy. The attempt to operationalize internationalists' rallying slogan, “unity in diversity,” illuminated tensions inherent in the mobilization of science for social and political reform. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Carbon‐14 radiosynthesis of combretastatin A‐1 (CA1) and its corresponding phosphate prodrug (CA1P)
Authors: Brown Rodney T. , Murrell Victor L. , McMordie Austin , Sriram Madhavi , Pinney Kevin G. , Sharma Suman , Chaplin David J. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe natural product combretastatin A‐1 (CA1) is isolated from the African bush willow tree, a member of the Combretaceae family. CA1 has important medicinal value, due in part to its ability to inhibit tubulin assembly. The prodrug combretastatin A‐1 diphosphate (CA1P; OXi4503) is currently in human Phase I clinical trials as a vascular disrupting agent. This paper describes the carbon‐14 radiosynthesis of [4′‐14C]CA1 and the corresponding phosphate prodrug salt [4′‐14C]CA1P in high specific activity (55 mCi/mmol). The carbon‐14 label was introduced by methylation of the C‐4′ protected phenolic moiety of the CA1 precursor following removal of the tert‐butyldimethylsilyl protecting group in the presence of [14C]methyl iodide. This was accomplished in excellent yield without significant Z to E isomerization. The [14C]‐precursor ((Z)‐1‐[3′,[4′‐14C],5′‐trimethoxyphenyl]‐2‐[2″,3″‐di‐[(isopropyl)oxy]‐4″‐methoxyphenyl] ethene) was subjected to a de‐isopropylation reaction with TiCl4. The tetrabenzyl phosphate derivative of the resulting diol was prepared using fresh dibenzyl phosphite. Debenzylation with trimethylsilylbromide, followed by hydrolysis of the trimethylsilyl ester and adjustment of the pH with dilute aqueous hydrochloric acid yielded [4′‐14C]CA1P with an overall radiochemical yield of 8.4%. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effect of vacuum annealing on graphene
Authors: Ni Zhen Hua , Wang Hao Min , Luo Zhi Qiang , Wang Ying Ying , Yu Ting , Wu Yi Hong , Shen Ze Xiang 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe effect of vacuum annealing on the properties of graphene is investigated by using Raman spectroscopy and electrical measurement. Heavy hole doping on graphene with concentration as high as 1.5 × 1013 cm−2 is observed after vacuum annealing and exposed to an air ambient. This doping is due to the H2O and O2 adsorption on graphene, and graphene is believed to be more active to molecular adsorption after annealing. Such observation calls for special attention in the process of fabricating graphene‐based electronic devices and gas sensors. On the other hand, because the quality of graphene remains high after the doping process, this would be an efficient and controllable method to introduce heavy doping in graphene, which would greatly help on its application in future electronic devices. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of tannin on selection by sheep of forages containing alkaloids, tannins and saponins
Authors: Lisonbee Larry D , Villalba Juan J , Provenza Fred D 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Mixtures of plant species provide biochemical diversity to pastures which may enhance productivity while decreasing reliance on herbicides and insecticides. All plants contain secondary metabolites (PSMs) that interact in plant communities in a variety of ways. For instance, tannins are a group of highly reactive chemical compounds with the potential to interact with other PSM such as alkaloids and saponins, neutralizing their negative effects. Our objective was to determine whether tannins modify the foraging behavior of sheep grazing on varieties of alfalfa, birdsfoot trefoil and tall fescue with high and low concentrations of saponins, tannins and alkaloids, respectively.RESULTS:Lambs that received intraruminal infusions of tannins increased their consumption of the high‐saponin variety of alfalfa and the high‐alkaloid variety of tall fescue relative to lambs not infused with tannins (controls). Lambs infused with tannins and then offered choices among the three high‐PSM varieties of the forages also manifested higher consumption of the high‐alkaloid variety of tall fescue than control lambs. In contrast, lambs infused with tannins reduced their consumption of the high‐tannin variety of birdsfoot trefoil. Thus lambs modified their foraging behavior as a function of the presence/absence of tannins in their rumens.CONCLUSIONS:These results indicate that ruminants are able to discriminate the specific post‐ingestive effects of forage varieties with high concentrations of PSM, and that PSM complementarities are likely to increase the efficiency of use of diverse forages with different biochemistries. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
A case of luteinizing thecoma with sclerosing peritonitis: Revisiting a link with anti‐epileptic drugs
Authors: Nauen David W. , Martin Allison , Katz Aviva , Cohen Debra , Ranganathan Sarangarajan 
Published: October 2009

AbstractLuteinizing thecoma with sclerosing peritonitis (LTSP) is a rare ovarian tumor of unclear etiology and pathogenesis. The diagnostic entity was proposed in 1994, but a number of earlier reports described possible cases, and some suggested an association with anti‐epileptic drugs (AEDs). In presenting a new case we review the literature of previous cases to evaluate the possibility of such a link. When cases in reproductively immature patients are considered, evidence for an association between LTSP and AEDs is strongly suggested despite the rarity of the condition. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:470–472. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.