bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of sinusoidal variations of boundary conditions on unsteady double diffusive convection in a square enclosure filled with a porous medium
Authors: Mansour Mohamed A. , Abd‐Elaziz Mohamed M. , Abdalla Ramadan , Elsayed Sameh 
Published: December 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to deal with unsteady double diffusive natural convection in a square enclosure filled with a porous medium with various boundary condition effects in the presence of heat source or sink.Design/methodology/approachFinite difference method was employed to solve the dimensionless governing equations of the problem. The effects of governing parameters, namely, amplitude wave length ratio, dimensionless time parameter, Darcy number, buoyancy parameter and heat generation/absorption parameter on the streamlines, temperature and concentration contours, as well as Nusselt number and Sherwood number, were considered.FindingsThe sinusoidal variations of the temperature and concentration remove the singularities which appear in the case of fixed temperature and concentration.Originality/valueThe paper's results are validated by favorable comparisons with previously published results. The results of the problem are presented in graphical and tabular forms and discussed.
Exploring links between publishing performance in different levels of marketing journals
Authors: Polonsky Michael , Carlson Les 
Published: December 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine relationships in publishing performance by utilizing data from three sets of journals – A*, A, and B ranked – as defined by the Australian Government's Excellence in Research rankings in Australia. Comparisons in publishing performance across these three types of journals are examined for academics around the globe, as well as for those in the Asia‐Pacific region.Design/methodology/approachThe study involves a content analysis of the authors' details from those who published in eight journals between 1998 and 2007. Correlation analysis is then used to identify pair‐wise relationships in publishing across the three sets of journals, which is also supported by regression analysis.FindingsThe findings suggest that there is a positive publishing performance relationship for A and B journals when compared on a global basis as well as within Asia‐Pacific. There is also a positive relationship between publishing in the A* and A journals, but only for the global sample and not for academics within Asia‐Pacific. Globally, a regression analysis identified that A* are positively impacted by A publications, but negatively affected by B journals, with a positive interaction for A and B publications. The interaction suggests that for universities with low levels of A's, there is a significant difference in regard to B publications' impact on A*. The regression focusing on universities within the Asia‐Pacific was insignificant in terms of how A and B publications impact on A* output.Originality/valueThe research is valuable in understanding that there are some synergies in publishing between research areas, although they are less extensive within the Asia‐Pacific. It is also valuable in light of the upcoming Excellence in Research for Australia exercise in Australia, which focuses on comparing research performance between institutions.
Nell Nelson andThe Chicago Times“City slave girls” series
Authors: Liguori Eric W. 
Published: December 2011

PurposeThis paper seeks to illustrate the instrumental role of reporter Nell Nelson in beginning a national labor reform movement resulting in improved working conditions for women and children in the USA.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on archival newspaper clippings, original scrapbooks kept by prominent Chicago figures of the time, US census records, and other labor history resources, the paper synthesizes heretofore‐disparate sources to provide a more complete picture of the cause‐and‐effect nature of Nelson'sChicago Times“City slave girls” series.FindingsThe research concludes that Nelson was an instrumental force in the formation of over ten advocacy organizations that worked to transform the way women and children in the USA were treated in the workplace and was instrumental in securing legislative reforms.Originality/valueThis is the first paper to explore the role played by Nell Nelson in securing labor reforms, thus, contributing to a more complete understanding of management history.
The Hawthorne legacy
Authors: Muldoon Jeffrey 
Published: December 2011

PurposeThis paper seeks to analyze the contribution that the Hawthorne studies made to the discipline of management. The recent scholarly trend has been to attack the Hawthorne studies on the grounds of methodology and originality. However, the only way to accurately view the Hawthorne studies is to recreate the intellectual environment in which the studies were conducted. Why did this version of human relations rather than Dennison's or Williams's emerge as the scholarly contribution?Design/methodology/approachBoth primary and secondary sources were utilized in the research. The focus was from the time period of 1930 to 1958. More contemporary work was considered as well.FindingsContemporary scholars viewed Hawthorne as being more thorough and complete than previous work. They also viewed the study as a contribution in light of some methodological issues and political biases.Practical implicationsPerforming temporal analysis allows the perceived strengths and weaknesses of scholarly works to become more apparent.Originality/valuePrevious accounts of the Hawthorne studies have mostly studied their impact on practitioners. This study examines the impact on scholars.
A case study
Authors: Kaushik Prabhakar , Khanduja Dinesh , Mittal Kapil , Jaglan Pawan 
Published: December 2011

PurposeSix Sigma within small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) is rapidly emerging as the new wave of change in Six Sigma. The purpose of this paper is to review the implications of applying Six Sigma methodology over the SMEs, taking a specific case of a bicycle chain manufacturing unit. The study could be a paradigm initiative towards high quality products and services at low cost for every SME.Design/methodology/approachBased on the literature, this paper proposes a process flow chart to present a one‐shot picture of the Six Sigma application in a bicycle chain manufacturing unit which falls in an SME environment. The methodology adopted is DMAIC methodology of Six Sigma, which had been mostly successful so far in large‐scale industries. The methodology has been applied to reduce the bush rejection rate (bush is an important component of a cycle chain) by reducing defects inherent in the processes. The statistical techniques such as two sample t‐test and process capability analysis have been used to establish the process capability before and after the Six Sigma application.FindingsThis paper is an attempt to justify the highly useful role of quality management techniques like Six Sigma for SMEs which are normally presumed to be in the domain of large industries. In this paper, Six Sigma methodology has been applied to a small unit manufacturing bicycles chains with dwindling productivity levels. After applying Six Sigma it was found that the chain manufacturing firm can increase its profit by controlling high rejection rate of cycle chain bush. Application of Six Sigma project recommendation brought up the process sigma level to 5.46 from 1.40 by reduction in bush diameter variation in the process of bicycle chain bush manufacturing. This increase in sigma level is equivalent to monetary saving of Rs 0.288 million per annum, which is a noteworthy figure for an industry of such level. The success of this study paves the way to further extend the Six Sigma application to more such industries working in the SME environment.Originality/valueThis paper provides documented evidence of Six Sigma implementation in a bicycle chain manufacturing unit which has been taken as representative of a small and medium‐size industry. The study will yield a great value to academics, consultants, researchers and practitioners of Six Sigma.
Characterizing production‐induced anisotropy of fractured reservoirs having multiple fracture sets
Authors: Sayers Colin M. , den Boer Lennert D. 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTSince natural fractures in petroleum reservoirs play an important role in determining fluid flow during production, knowledge of the orientation and density of fractures is required to optimize production. This paper outlines the underlying theory and implementation of a fast and efficient algorithm for upscaling a Discrete Fracture Network (DFN) to predict the fluid flow, elastic and seismic properties of fractured rocks. Potential applications for this approach are numerous and include the prediction of fluid flow, elastic and seismic properties for fractured reservoirs, model‐based inversion of seismic Amplitude Versus Offset and Azimuth (AVOA) data and the optimal placement and orientation of infill wells to maximize production. Given that a single fracture network may comprise hundreds of thousands of individual fractures, the sheer size of typical DFNs has tended to limit their practical applications. This paper demonstrates that with efficient algorithms, the utility of Discrete Fracture Networks can be extended far beyond mere visualization.
Retracted: The spectrum of morphology in non‐neoplastic prostate including cancer mimics
Authors: Montironi Rodolfo , Scarpelli Marina , Mazzucchelli Roberta , Cheng Liang , Lopez‐Beltran Antonio 
Published: December 2011

Montironi R, Scarpelli M, Mazzucchelli R, Cheng L & Lopez‐Beltran A  (2012) Histopathology 60, 41–58  The spectrum of morphology in non‐neoplastic prostate including cancer mimicsThe spectrum of morphology in non‐neoplastic prostate includes lesions of prostatic epithelial origin, the most common being atrophy, including partial atrophy, adenosis (atypical adenomatous hyperplasia), basal cell hyperplasia and crowded benign glands, as well as those of non‐prostatic origin, such as seminal vesicle epithelium. These lesions often mimic lower‐grade prostatic adenocarcinoma whereas others, such as granulomatous prostatitis, for example, are in the differential diagnosis of adenocarcinoma, Gleason grades 4 or 5. Diagnostic awareness of the salient histomorphological and relevant immunohistochemical features of these prostatic pseudoneoplasms is critical to avoid rendering false positive diagnoses of malignancy.
Therapy‐associated effects in the prostate gland
Authors: Srigley John R , Delahunt Brett , Evans Andrew J 
Published: December 2011

Srigley J R, Delahunt B & Evans A J  (2012)Histopathology 60,153–165Therapy‐associated effects in the prostate glandDiverse therapies are used to treat both benign prostatic hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma. Transurethral resection, a common surgical procedure, may give rise to characteristic necrobiotic granulomas that manifest in subsequent pathology samples. Radiation and hormone therapy have traditionally been used in prostatic adenocarcinoma. Morphological effects are often identified in needle biopsy specimens, transurethral resectates, and radical prostatectomy specimens. A range of histological changes are noted in the non‐neoplastic prostate tissue, as well as in the pre‐neoplastic and carcinomatous areas. Other ablative therapies, such as cryotherapy, and emerging focal therapies, including high‐intensity focused ultrasound, photodynamic therapy, and interstitial laser thermotherapy, may have morphological effects on prostate tissue. It is important for the pathologist to be aware of the spectrum of histological changes affecting the prostate gland post‐therapy. The treatment effects may obscure residual carcinoma, and make measurements of tumour extent and stage difficult. Furthermore, some therapies can profoundly alter the neoplastic glands to such an extent that Gleason scoring is no longer valid. As new therapies are developed for prostate cancer, it is important to document their effects on benign and malignant prostate tissue and to understand possible implications for traditional prognostic factors, especially Gleason grade.
Prostate cancer: towards the standardization and synthesis of morphology, genetics, and prognosis
Authors: Berney Dan , Cheng Liang 
Published: December 2011

Berney D & Cheng L  (2012) Histopathology 60, 1–3 Prostate cancer: towards the standardization and synthesis of morphology, genetics, and prognosisProstate cancer research and diagnosis is undergoing a revolution in our understanding of the disease process and standardization of diagnostic criteria. Although great progress has been made, there remain many areas of uncertainty and debate. The revolution towards a synthesis of pathology with genetic changes and prognostic models is only just beginning. This supplement presents the opinions and findings of leading international experts in histopathology and prostate research dealing with subjects ranging from aetiology, basic anatomy and morphology to prognostic models, genetic changes and new drug treatments. We hope that this exciting and rapidly changing field will capture the imagination of both experienced and trainee pathologists to advance the field in both research and diagnosis.
Osteopontin predicts the behaviour of atypical meningioma
Authors: Lin Chih‐Kung , Tsai Wen‐Chiuan , Lin Yu‐Chun , Hueng Dueng‐Yuan 
Published: December 2011

Lin C‐K, Tsai W‐C, Lin Y‐C & Hueng D‐Y  (2012) Histopathology 60, 320–325  Osteopontin predicts the behaviour of atypical meningiomaAim:  Although the World Health Organization (WHO) histological criteria distinguishing benign from atypical and malignant meningioma are clear, discerning benign from atypical meningioma is still somewhat difficult, leading to interobserver diagnostic variability. Osteopontin (OPN) and cortactin play important roles in tumorigenesis, invasion and metastasis of several human cancers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of OPN and cortactin immunohistochemistry for distinguishing between benign, atypical and malignant meningioma and predicting their recurrence.Methods and results:  Seventy‐five specimens (48 benign, 17 atypical and 10 malignant meningiomas) were investigated immunohistochemically. The mean immunohistochemical scoreimmunohistochemical score ± SE of the mean of both OPN and cortactin were significantly higher in grade II or grade III meningiomas than in grade I meningioma. Discriminant analysis of immunohistochemical OPN expression showed correct classification of 97.7% of WHO grade I meningiomas and 88.2% of WHO grade II meningiomas (95.4% accuracy). However, the same analysis of cortactin expression showed correct classification of 95.8% of WHO grade I meningiomas and only 23.5% of WHO grade II meningiomas (76.9% accuracy). A cut‐off for predicting grades I and II meningioma recurrence was determined for OPN (3.0) but not for cortactin. Finally, logistic regression identified both this cut‐off (P < 0.05) and WHO grade (P < 0.05) as independent risk factors for recurrence.Conclusions:  OPN expression is a valuable marker for diagnosis of atypical meningioma and prediction of grades I and II meningioma recurrence.
Tumour‐associated macrophages in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma: a study of the Osaka Lymphoma Study Group
Authors: Wada Naoki , Zaki Mona A A , Hori Yumiko , Hashimoto Koji , Tsukaguchi Machiko , Tatsumi Yoichi , Ishikawa Jun , Tominaga Nobuhiko , Sakoda Hiroto , Take Hironori , Tsudo Mitsuru , Kuwayama Maki , Morii Eiichi , Aozasa Katsuyuki 
Published: December 2011

Wada N, Zaki M A A, Hori Y, Hashimoto K, Tsukaguchi M, Tatsumi Y, Ishikawa J, Tominaga N, Sakoda H, Take H, Tsudo M, Kuwayama M, Morii E & Aozasa K  (2012) Histopathology 60, 313–319  Tumour‐associated macrophages in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma: a study of the Osaka Lymphoma Study GroupAims:  To evaluate the role of tumour‐associated macrophages (TAMs) of the M1 and M2 types in the behaviour of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Methods and results:  Double immunohistochemical staining of HLA‐DR/CD68 (M1) or CD163/CD68 (M2) was performed in 101 cases of DLBCL. CD68+ cells represent the total number of TAMs. The average number of double‐positive cells was counted, and the cut‐off value was set at the mean number of counts, i.e. 30.7 and 27.0 for M1 TAMs and M2 TAMs, respectively. That for total TAMs was set at the 90th percentile number of total counts, i.e. 132.3. Cases were categorized into three pairs: high (34 cases) and low (67 cases) M1 TAM groups, high (39 cases) and low (62 cases) M2 TAM groups, and high (10 cases) and low (91 cases) total TAM groups. The difference in overall survival rates was statistically significant between the high and low M2 TAM groups (P < 0.01) and between the high and low total TAM groups (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that the presence of a bulky mass and a higher number of M2 TAMs were significant factors for poor prognosis (P < 0.05).Conclusions:  Estimation of specific type of macrophages, of the M1 and M2 types, is superior to the estimation of TAMs as a whole (CD68+ cells) for prediction of the prognosis of DLBCL patients.
Age‐related decline of stand biomass accumulation is primarily due to mortality and not to reduction in NPP associated with individual tree physiology, tree growth or stand structure in a Quercus‐dominated forest
Authors: Xu Cheng‐Yuan , Turnbull Matthew H. , Tissue David T. , Lewis James D. , Carson Rob , Schuster William S. F. , Whitehead David , Walcroft Adrian S. , Li Jinbao , Griffin Kevin L. 
Published: January 2012

Summary1. Age‐related reductions in stand biomass accumulation are frequently observed in old‐growth forests. The phenomenon may be caused by reduced production, increased mortality or both. The relative importance of production and mortality is not well studied, so the mechanisms controlling age‐related decline of stand biomass accumulation remain unclear.2. In this study, conducted in a Quercus‐dominated deciduous forest in the Northeastern USA, we examined whether age‐related decline in stand above‐ground biomass (AGB) accumulation could be explained by reduction of above‐ground net primary production (NPP) (growth of surviving trees) that may be associated with (i) physiological constraints within individual trees or (ii) changes in stand structure, or by (iii) age‐related, increasing tree mortality in stands up to 135 years old. Few previous studies have tested these hypotheses simultaneously within the same forest.3. We did not find evidence for a reduction in individual tree growth associated with age‐related physiological constraints, in terms of foliar carbon assimilation capacity, photosynthesis/respiration balance, nitrogen availability or hydraulic constraints on carbon gain. Over the period of 1937–2006, we did not observe alterations in stand structure, and the above‐ground NPP of the Quercus forest was generally stable.4. However, we did find that the primary mechanism driving age‐related decline of stand AGB accumulation was biomass loss due to the death of large, dominant trees. Our results indicate that shifts in mortality from the loss of small trees to the loss of large trees, rather than changes in above‐ground NPP, drives age‐related decline in stand AGB accumulation in this forest.5.
Synthesis. We found that within the range of stand development stages analysed, the age‐related decline of stand AGB accumulation in a Quercus‐dominated forest was primarily due to mortality of large, dominant trees and not due to changes in above‐ground NPP associated with tree physiology, individual tree growth or stand structure. This result indicates that tree demography and the influence of climate change on disturbances may need to be integrated into models to predict the change of above‐ground carbon stock of some old‐growth forests.
Stabilizing selection for within‐season flowering phenology confirms pollen limitation in a wind‐pollinated tree
Authors: Koenig Walter D. , Funk Kyle A. , Kraft Thomas S. , Carmen William J. , Barringer Brian C. , Knops Johannes M. H. 
Published: January 2012

Summary1. We examined the fitness consequences of pollen limitation in the valley oak (Quercus lobata Née, Fagaceae), a wind‐pollinated, predominantly outcrossing tree endemic to California, by examining the relationship between within‐year phenology and acorn production over an 8 year period.2. We predicted that pollen limitation should result in trees flowering relatively early and late in the season, when fewer trees are in flower, to experience reduced reproductive success compared to trees flowering during the middle of the season.3. Despite considerable variation in acorn production from year to year, analyses confirmed this prediction and indicated that there was significant overall stabilizing selection on budburst date consistent with the pollen limitation hypothesis.4. Analyses including herbivory and pre‐budburst temperatures at individual trees revealed significant correlations with acorn production, but we still found significant stabilizing selection on budburst date even when considering these variables.5.
Synthesis.  Pollen limitation, as indicated by stabilizing selection on within‐year flowering phenology, significantly affects acorn production by individual trees in Q. lobata and has the potential to influence other key life‐history features including masting behaviour and spatial synchrony.
Simulation: a teaching tool for liver transplantation anesthesiology
Authors: Aggarwal Shushma , Bane Brian C. , Boucek Charles D. , Planinsic Raymond M. , Lutz John W. , Metro David G. 
Published: December 2011

Aggarwal S, Bane BC, Boucek CD, Planinsic RM, Lutz JW, Metro DG. Simulation: a teaching tool for liver transplantation anesthesiology.Abstract:  Anesthesia for liver transplantation (ALT) requires extensive preparation and rapid recognition of changing clinical conditions. Owing to the proliferation of transplant centers, greater number of anesthesia providers need training in specific skills required to treat these patients. These cases are no longer limited to few transplant centers; therefore, reduction of cases in individual centers has created a need for simulation training to prepare and supplement clinical experience. We have developed an ALT simulation course for senior anesthesia residents which combines didactic sessions with live‐patient‐based and mannequin‐based simulation. Outcomes have been measured using pre‐ and post‐simulation course quizzes as well as a survey given at the end of the month‐long ALT rotation. Twenty‐four senior anesthesiology residents (n = 24) have completed the ALT simulation course. Residents had an average score of 75% ± 10% on the pre‐simulation quiz, which increased to 92% ± 6.5% on the post‐simulation quiz (p < 0.001). Furthermore, survey scores indicated that residents noted that the course provided an improvement in their preparedness, confidence, anticipation, and understanding of the importance of communication skills in the care of this patient population. The ALT simulation course provided a standardized in‐depth exposure to clinical issues involved in the perioperative care of liver transplant patients.