bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Dining on Tongue Endurance and Swallowing-Related Outcomes
Authors: Kays Stephanie A. , Hind Jacqueline A. , Gangnon Ronald E. , Robbins JoAnne 
Published: August 2010

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that eating a meal reduces tongue strength and endurance in healthy old and young adults. It was predicted that older adults would show greater declines in tongue endurance while demonstrating higher perceived effort, longer meal durations, and clinical signs of swallowing difficulty.

Method

Twenty-two healthy adults were enrolled into 2 groups (ages 20–35 years and ages 65–82 years; 5 males and 6 females each). Maximum tongue strength (P
max
) and endurance (duration 50% of P
max
could be maintained) were measured twice at baseline and once postmeal. Subjects consumed half of a bagel with peanut butter, carrot sticks, and milk between measures.

Results

All subjects demonstrated reduced tongue strength and endurance postmeal. Young adults showed a greater decline in anterior tongue endurance compared with older adults (
p
= .05). There was no evidence that changes in tongue strength, perceived effort, or meal duration varied by age or gender. The 3 oldest subjects reported the highest effort and displayed signs of difficulty swallowing while dining.

Conclusions
Young and old adults demonstrated reduced tongue strength and endurance after dining, but younger subjects showed greater declines in anterior tongue endurance, whereas older adults exhibited signs of swallowing difficulty.
DMDM: domain mapping of disease mutations
Authors: Peterson Thomas A. , Adadey Asa , Santana-Cruz Ivette , Sun Yanan , Winder Andrew , Kann Maricel G. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Summary: Domain mapping of disease mutations (DMDM) is a database in which each disease mutation can be displayed by its gene, protein or domain location. DMDM provides a unique domain-level view where all human coding mutations are mapped on the protein domain. To build DMDM, all human proteins were aligned to a database of conserved protein domains using a Hidden Markov Model-based sequence alignment tool (HMMer). The resulting protein-domain alignments were used to provide a domain location for all available human disease mutations and polymorphisms. The number of disease mutations and polymorphisms in each domain position are displayed alongside other relevant functional information (e.g. the binding and catalytic activity of the site and the conservation of that domain location). DMDM's protein domain view highlights molecular relationships among mutations from different diseases that might not be clearly observed with traditional gene-centric visualization tools.
Availability: Freely available at http://bioinf.umbc.edu/dmdm
Contact: mkann@umbc.edu
Using catch rate data for simple cost-effective quota setting in the Australian spanner crab (Ranina ranina) fishery
Authors: O'Neill Michael F. , Campbell Alexander B. , Brown Ian W. , Johnstone Ron 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
O'Neill, M. F., Campbell, A. B., Brown, I. W., and Johnstone, R. 2010. Using catch rate data for simple cost-effective quota setting in the Australian spanner crab (Ranina ranina) fishery. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1538–1552. For many fisheries, there is a need to develop appropriate indicators, methodologies, and rules for sustainably harvesting marine resources. Complexities of scientific and financial factors often prevent addressing these, but new methodologies offer significant improvements on current and historical approaches. The Australian spanner crab fishery is used to demonstrate this. Between 1999 and 2006, an empirical management procedure using linear regression of fishery catch rates was used to set the annual total allowable catch (quota). A 6-year increasing trend in catch rates revealed shortcomings in the methodology, with a 68% increase in quota calculated for the 2007 fishing year. This large quota increase was prevented by management decision rules. A revised empirical management procedure was developed subsequently, and it achieved a better balance between responsiveness and stability. Simulations identified precautionary harvest and catch rate baselines to set quotas that ensured sustainable crab biomass and favourable performance for management and industry. The management procedure was simple to follow, cost-effective, robust to strong trends and changes in catch rates, and adaptable for use in many fisheries. Application of such “tried-and-tested” empirical systems will allow improved management of both data-limited and data-rich fisheries.
Nurseries, spawning grounds and recruitment of Octopus vulgaris in the Strait of Sicily, central Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Garofalo Germana , Ceriola Luca , Gristina Michele , Fiorentino Fabio , Pace Roberta 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Garofalo, G., Ceriola, L., Gristina, M., Fiorentino, F., and Pace, R. 2010. Nurseries, spawning grounds and recruitment of Octopus vulgaris in the Strait of Sicily, central Mediterranean Sea. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1363–1371. The presence of nursery and spawning grounds and the relationship between sea surface temperature (SST) and the abundance of juvenile O. vulgaris in the Strait of Sicily, central Mediterranean, are investigated using fishery-independent data (trawl surveys, 1994–2008). Annual distributions were generated for mature animals and juveniles for spring/summer (the peak spawning season) and autumn (peak recruitment) using an inverse distance weighted deterministic interpolation. Based on the persistence of abundant recruits and mature animals, respectively, nursery and spawning grounds were identified. The correlation between annual recruitment and SST during hatching and recruitment was also investigated. Concentrations of juveniles (nurseries) were located off the southwest coast of Sicily and in the central Strait of Sicily, including south of Lampedusa on the African shelf, but just one consistent concentration of mature animals (spawning grounds) was found in the northwestern part of the Strait. There was a significant positive correlation between recruitment and SST. Results are discussed in the light of environmental parameters, and a hypothesis on possible stock units in the area was developed. The direct and indirect effects of SST variation on the recruitment process were also examined.
Oral Language Competence, Social Skills and High‐risk Boys: What are Juvenile Offenders Trying to Tell us?
Authors: Snow Pamela C. , Powell Martine B. 
Published: August 2010

A cross‐sectional study examining the oral language abilities and social skills of male juvenile offenders is described. Fifty juvenile offenders and 50 non‐offending controls completed measures of language processing and production, and measures of social skill and IQ. Information about type of offending, substance use histories and learning/literacy problems was also gathered.Young offenders performed significantly worse on all language and social skill measures, but these differences could not be accounted for on the basis of IQ. Just over half of the young offenders were identified as language impaired. This subgroup was compared with non‐language impaired offending peers on a range of variables. The findings have particular implications in the areas of early intervention for high‐risk boys and investigative interviewing of juvenile offenders. © 2007 The Author(s). Journal compilation © 2007 National Children's Bureau.
The effects of midodrine on the natriuretic response to furosemide in cirrhotics with ascites
Authors: Misra V. L. , Vuppalanchi R. , Jones D. , Hamman M. , Kwo P. Y. , Kahi C. , Chalasani N. 
Published: August 2010

Aliment Pharmacol Ther2010;32:1044–1050SummaryBackground Resistance to loop diuretics is common in patients with ascites. Diminished glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is thought to mediate resistance to loop diuretics. Midodrine, a commonly used alpha‐1 agonist, has been shown to improve GFR in non‐azotemic patients with cirrhosis.Aim To conduct a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, cross‐over study to test the hypothesis that midodrine significantly increases natriuretic response of IV furosemide in non‐azotemic cirrhotics with ascites.Methods All subjects participated in both phases, which were (i) furosemide IV infusion + oral midodrine 15 mg administered 30 min before furosemide (ii) furosemide IV infusion + oral placebo administered 30 min before furosemide. Primary outcomes were 6‐h urine sodium excretion and 6‐h total urine volume.Results A total of 15 patients (men: 8; age: 52.7 ± 7.6 years; serum creatinine: 1.06 ± 0.2 mg/dL) were studied. Total 6‐h urine sodium excretion was 109 ± 42 mmol in the furosemide + midodrine treatment phase and was not significantly different from that in the furosemide + placebo treatment phase (126 ± 69 mmol,P = 0.6). Similarly, mean 6‐h total urine volume was not significantly different between two groups (1770 ± 262 mL vs. 1962 ± 170 mL,P = 0.25).Conclusions Oral midodrine does not increase the natriuretic response to furosemide in non‐azotemic cirrhotic patients with ascites. Orally administered midodrine does not increase natriuretic response to furosemide in non‐azotemic cirrhotic patients with ascites.
Nalbuphine combined with midazolam for outpatient sedation
Authors: SURY M. R. J. , COLE P. V. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryForty patients who required day case fibreoptic bronchoscopy were sedated with either nalbuphine 0.2 mg/kg and midazolam 0.05 mg/kg (n = 20), or midazolam 0.05 mg/kg alone (n = 20). Extra midazolam was administered when required. The degree of respiratory depression measured by arterialised venous carbon dioxide levels was recorded together with heart rate, arterial blood pressure, respiratory rate and sedation score, before administration of the drugs and at regular intervals thereafter. Patients who received nalbuphine had slightly higher carbon dioxide levels but respiratory rate and cardiovascular changes were similar in both groups. The addition of nalbuphine to midazolam improves the quality of sedation but prolongs the recovery time and increases the incidence of side effects.
Evidence for the Tf locus being associated with an early lethal factor in a strain of pigs
Authors: Imlah P. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryThe frequencies of three co‐dominant alleles TfA, TfB and Tfc controlling the serum transferrin locus in native and exotic breeds of pig in the United Kingdom are shown. Matings between different transferrin genotypes and segregation of the transferrin alleles in piglets from 131 litters are also recorded.In eleven litters from matings within a closely related group of animals heterozygous for the Tfc allele, no offspring of the Tfc/Tfc genotype were born. Matings between heterozygous related boars believed to be carrying a lethal factor linked to the Tf locus and heterozygous unrelated sows of the Saddleback breed, resulted in offspring of the Tfc/Tfc genotype being born.An excess of heterozygote genotypes was found in all litters from matings between animals heterozygous for the Tfc allele. In all these litters the average litter size was 0.5 piglets less per litter than the average for all other litters studied. For the eleven litters from matings involving closely related animals heterozygous for the Tfc allele, the average litter size was 1.4 piglets less per litter than the average for all other litters.The possibility of an early lethal factor being linked to the Tf locus in this family of pigs is discussed.
Immunoelectrophoretic study of esterase in blood serum, spermatozoa and genital tract fluids of bulls
Authors: Veselský L. , Kúbek A. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryImmunoelectrophoretic methods were used to observe the formation of precipitates with esterase activity in the blood serum, spermatozoa and the genital tract fluid of bulls, and also in the follicular fluid of cows. Fractions with esterase activity were found in the seminal vesicle fluid and the ampullar fluid of all investigated animals. Considerable individual differences in the formation of precipitates with esterase activity were found in the mentioned fluids. Ejaculated and ampullar spermatozoa, spermatozoa from the tail of the epididymis and the testicle fluid formed fractions with esterase activity only in some individuals. Esterase activity was not detected in the fluid of the tail of the epididymis of bulls nor in the follicular fluid of cows.
The M‐L blood group system and its influence on red cell potassium levels in sheep
Authors: Tucker Elizabeth M. , Ellory J. C. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryFive phenotypes within the M‐L blood group system of sheep were identified with three reagents: anti‐L(m), anti‐M and anti‐M'. Factor M' only occurred in combination with M. The serological properties were studied and the potassium concentrations in the red cells of the various phenotypes were compared. Like M, the L antigen was only weakly developed on the red cells of newborn lambs, and it was only when adult low potassium levels were established that full L activity was reached. These results support the hypothesis that antigen L is acting as an inhibitor of active potassium transport.
Studies on bovine serum amylase; evidence for two loci
Authors: Mazumder N. K. , Spooner R. L. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryTwo genetically controlled polymorphic systems of amylase enzymes are described in sera from Friesian, Jersey, Guernsey, Hereford, Ayrshire and Charolais cattle. One of these Ami has been described previously and is controlled by two codominant alleles in British cattle, AmIB and AmIC. Evidence presented here suggests that it could be a gamma.amylase. The other enzyme which is described here for the first time has many of the properties of an alpha amylase. It is also polymorphic and controlled by two codominant alleles AmIIA and AmIIB. AmIIA is only present in low frequency. The inheritance of both enzyme systems has been studied in 419 families.
Polymorphism of postalbumins in the serum of pigs and the ovarian follicular fluid of sows
Authors: Kúbek A. , Matoušek J. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryBy means of starch‐gel electrophoresis blood serum postalbumins of pigs were separated into two polymorphic regions. The first region forms a genetic system determined by two codominant alleles, Pa1A and PA1B. Segregation data are presented which support this hypothesis. It was found that neither sex nor age of the animal have any influence on the mobility of fractions. Identical types of blood serum postalbumins were also found in the ovarian follicle fluid.
Genetic and in vitro molecular hybridization of malate dehydrogenase isozymes in interspecific bass (Micropterus) hybrids
Authors: Wheat T. E. , Childers W. F. , Miller E. T. , Whitt G. S. 
Published: August 2010

SummarySupernatant malate dehydrogenase (MDH) isozymes (as visualized by starch gel electrophoresis) are encoded by two distinct gene loci in both the largemouth and smallmouth bass. When an interspecific F1 hybrid is formed between these two fish, a unique MDH isozyme is generated. The results of freeze‐thaw molecular hybridization (which is the first application of this technique to MDH) indicate that this unique isozyme in the F1 hybrid is a heterodimer composed of one subunit of each parental type. The F1 hybrids produced F2 hybrids which in turn formed the F3 hybrid population. The inheritance of alleles at the MDH‐B locus is consistent with a single Mendelian autosomal locus. Furthermore, there is no evidence of linkage between the lactate dehydrogenase‐E locus and the MDH‐B locus.
The choice and use of an index of red cell osmotic fragility
Authors: Hall J. G. , Shukla G. K. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryUsing two techniques, the authors collected replicated data on red cell osmotic fragility of normal Jersey cows having different haemoglobin genotypes. The data were tested against several theoretical distributions. The logistic sigmoid was chosen as a model, the concentration of added salt solution at which 50% haemolysis occurred was taken as an index. Red cells of haemoglobin genotype BB were more fragile than AA, with AB intermediate.
The time of appearance of blood group antigens in miniature pigs
Authors: Hojný J. , Hradecký J. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryErythrocytes of foetuses and piglets of miniature pigs of different age were tested with 50 to 55 blood group reagents of 15 genetic systems. Out of 49 blood factors found to be present in parent animals, 40 were present in 34–46‐day‐old foetuses. Factor Kb was detected in 66‐day‐old foetuses, and other factors of the K system (Ka, Kc, Kd and Ke) at 77 days of age. Factor A was demonstrated in one day old piglets, factor 0 not earlier than in piglets aged 13 to 24 days.
Haemolytic factor in bovine seminal vesicle fluid. 3. Inheritance of cattle erythrocyte sensitivity towards the haemolytic factor
Authors: Matoušek J. , Staněk R. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryCattle erythrocyte sensitivity towards the haemolytic factor of bovine seminal vesicles is genetically determined. On grounds of Mendelian analysis, two alleles, HfR and HfS, may be considered responsible for genetic determination. No significant linkage has been proved between locus Hf controlling the mentioned sensitivity and locus Hb determining the individual differences in haemoglobins. Different sensitivity of cattle erythrocytes towards the haemolytic factor is manifested already at the embryonic stage of development and lasts throughout the whole life.
Gene interaction and the A‐0 and H blood‐group systems in pigs
Authors: Rasmusen B. A. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryA total of 1533 blood samples from adult Duroc, Yorkshire, and Duroc‐Yorkshire crossbred pigs were tested for A and O in the A‐O system and for Ha in the H system. Results of these tests indicate that the H‐system genotype influences expression of A and O.
Hemoglobin function in the developing goat and sheep
Authors: Blunt Michael H. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryComparative studies of the blood of newly born goats and sheep have indicated a number of mechanisms which are responsible for a decreasing affinity for molecular oxygen in these developing animals during the first 40 to 60 days after birth.The concentration of 2,3‐DPG in the red cells of young goats increases four to sixfold during the first 3 to 4 days of life, and this increase is associated with a marked decrease in the cellular pH; 2,3‐DPG does not bind to hemoglobins of goats and the decreased affinity for oxygen of goat blood at this period is apparently due to the lowered pH produced by the large increase of intracellular anions. Similar changes occur in young lambs.After 15 to 20 days the changes of the dissociation curve are related more to structural differences between adult and fetal hemoglobins; cellular pH moves closer to the values of adult red cells. In goats of this age the predominate hemoglobins are those with β chains and these have dissociation curves shifted further to the right than other adult hemoglobins.In young lambs Hb‐C is found only in association with Hb‐A but the amount present seldom exceeds 5 to 10%. The oxygen affinities of sheep Hb‐A and Hb‐C are identical but higher than that of sheep Hb‐B.
A method for simultaneous electrophoresis of four horse red cell enzyme systems
Authors: Bengtsson S. , Sandberg K. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryA method was developed for simultaneous electrophoresis of the enzymes 6‐phos‐phogluconate dehydrogenase (6‐PGD), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), phospho‐hexose isomerase (PHI) and acid phosphatase (AP) from horse red cells. Genetically controlled variants of PHI were discovered by this technique. The patterns obtained for 6‐PGD and PGM were similar to those obtained by the original methods described for these enzymes. The AP patterns differed somewhat from those previously described in horse.
Isoenzyme polymorphism of 6‐phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.44) in the family Equidae
Authors: Hof J. Op ‘t , Osterhoff D. R. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryIsoenzymes of 6‐PGD were investigated in three Equidae species. In this family the enzyme 6‐PGD is controlled by one autosomal gene locus with differential allele frequencies occurring in the horse, mule and donkey.
Transferrin types and reproduction in sheep
Authors: Rasmusen B. A. , Tucker Elizabeth M. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryTransferrin types were determined for flocks of Finnish Landrace, Clun Forest, Soay and Merino sheep and gene frequencies were calculated. Analysis of ratios of transferrin types in segregating matings of Finnish Landrace and Clun Forest revealed a significant excess of heterozygotes in matings of heterozygous rams with heterozygous and with homozygous ewes. In Finnish Landrace, matings of sheep homozygous for Tfc to those heterozygous for TfC gave a significant excess of homozygous male lambs and heterozygous female lambs. Finnish Landrace ewes of transferrin type BD had smaller litters than ewes of other types.
H blood group genotypes and expression of A and 0 antigens in pigs
Authors: Hojný J. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryTests of over 2000 pigs, with the blood group reagents Ac, Ap and 0, and the reagents Ha, Hb, He, Hd, He and Hc/c, confirmed that the H locus affects the expression of A and 0 antigens. The ‘exceptional’ phenotypes Ap and — were found in Ha homozygotes of Miniature pigs and in Hcd homozygotes of a semi‐inbred Landrace line. They were also found in unrelated pigs of other breeds, and moreover in some individuals with genotypes HaHcd, HabHcd, H‐H‐ and HaHab or HabHab.The mechanism of the effect of the H locus on the A phenotypes may consist in the interaction of certain, not yet completely defined, H genotypes, or in linkage of the H system with the hypothetical ‘S’ locus.
Bovine leukocyte antigens
Authors: Ostrand‐Rosenberg Suzanne , Stormont Clyde 
Published: August 2010

SummaryUsing bovine erythrocyte typing reagents in a leukocyte microcytotoxicity system, bovine peripheral blood leukocytes were found to have specific surface antigens. In this study, no obvious association between leukocyte.antigens and erythrocyte antigens of any individual animal was found. The leukocyte and erythrocyte antigens appeared to be distinct from each other.
Agglutinability of cattle red cells. 4. The effect of antiglobulin in comparison with treatment by pronase
Authors: Sellei J. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryThe average titre scores varied from zero to 24.7 for the cattle red cells (CRC) from different MZ pairs. These CRC were sensitized with different blood‐typing reagents and were titre‐tested against the double dilution series of an anti‐bovine y‐globulin serum. A significant negative correlation (r = ‐ 0.82; P <0.001) was found between the degree of agglutinability and the amount of neuraminic acid of the surface component of CRC cleaved by pronase.After pronase treatment of the CRC it could be demonstrated that (1) the activity of the V and E'3blood factors became destroyed; (2) three new specific receptors became evolved; (3) the degree of ‘direct’ agglutinability due to the A2, O3W, S2and Z anti‐sera did not parallel with the titre scores obtained in the anti‐globulin tests.
Studies on hemoglobin variants in Korean cattle
Authors: Han Sang Kee , Suzuki Shozo 
Published: August 2010

Summary814 hemoglobin samples from Korean cattle were investigated by starch gel electrophoresis for the detection of hemoglobin variants. A new variant of cattle hemoglobin, called Hb, H, was recognized. It has a slower rate of migration than Hb A.Hemoglobin types from 814 Korean cattle were as follows: 652 of Hb AA type (80.1 %), 133 of Hb AB (16.4 %), 12 of Hb AC (1.5 %), 9 of Hb BB (1.1 %), 2 of Hb BC (0.2 %), 4 of Hb AH (0.5 %), 1 of Hb CH (0.1 %), 1 of Hb HH (0.1 %). These figures correspond to the frequencies:HbA= 0.893,HbB= 0.093,Hbc=0.009,HbH= 0.004.Gene frequencies at theHblocus in Korean cattle were compared among six population from different provinces. Generally, high frequencies ofHbAwere observed in each province.