bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Insects: True Pioneers in Antiinfective Therapy and What We Can Learn from Them
Authors: Bode Helge B. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemical Biology of Modular Biosynthetic Enzymes
Authors: Meier Jordan L. , Burkart Michael D. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cationic Inorganic Materials for Anionic Pollutant Trapping and Catalysis
Authors: Oliver Scott R. J. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbon Nanotubes: Biomaterial Applications
Authors: Saito Naoto , et al. et al. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal—Organic Framework Structures — How Closely Are They Related to Classical Inorganic Structures?
Authors: Natarajan Srinivasan , Mahata Partha 
Published: October 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanisms of DNA Polymerases
Authors: Berdis Anthony J. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Finding what is not there
Authors: Stefanek Michael E. , Palmer Steven C. , Thombs Brett D. , Coyne James C. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn a recently published randomized trial, Andersen et al. claimed to observe a reduced risk of recurrence and improved survival among women with early stage breast cancer who were assigned to a psychological intervention versus an assessment‐only group. Anderson et al. concluded that “psychological intervention, as delivered and studied here, can improve survival.” The current commentary challenges that conclusion on methodological and statistical grounds, noting that the study by Andersen et al. was not designed to assess survival and used methods that capitalized on chance, making it highly unlikely that their claims could be replicated. No other study designed to assess whether psychosocial intervention provides a survival benefit for cancer patients has ever demonstrated such an effect; and, currently, there is no support for the hypothesis that survival benefits can be attributed to psychosocial intervention. The authors of this commentary argue that much needs to be learned at the more basic biobehavioral level about the impact of stress or psychological factors on tumor biology before even considering whether large clinical trials are warranted. In addition, making the claim that psychological interventions improve survival is not evidence‐based, is potentially harmful, and detracts from the potential significant benefits of psychological interventions related to quality of life. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Metabolic syndrome and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Siegel Abby B. , Zhu Andrew X. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most rapidly increasing cause of cancer death in the United States. Although many risk factors for HCC are well defined, including hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and alcohol, most series have indicated that 5% to 30% of patients with HCC lack a readily identifiable risk factor for their cancer. The majority of “cryptogenic” HCC in the United States is attributed to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. The metabolic syndrome is a constellation of problems that includes insulin resistance, obesity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Increasingly, components of the metabolic syndrome are being linked to various forms of cancer with respect to both increased risk of disease and worsened outcome. In this review, the authors focused on the relation between metabolic syndrome and HCC. They investigated the increased risks of HCC among individuals with features of metabolic syndrome, potentially worsened cancer outcomes in these patients, possible pathogenic mechanisms to explain these relations, and treatment options for those with NAFLD and its progressive counterpart, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. It is predicted that metabolic syndrome will lead to large increases in the incidence of HCC over the next decades. A better understanding of the relation between these 2 diseases ultimately should lead to improved screening and treatment options for patients with HCC. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Cytometric assessment of cytostatic and cytotoxic effects of topical glaucoma medications on human epithelial corneal line cells
Authors: Pozarowska Dorota , Pozarowski Piotr , Darzynkiewicz Zbigniew 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackground:The long‐term‐treatment of glaucoma with topical medications is associated with side effects involving cornea damage. We examined the effect of glaucoma topical medications (bimatoprost, travoprost, latanoprost, timolol, betaxolol, dorzolamide, brinzolamide, brimonidine) on growth of cells of three human epithelial corneal lines.Methods:The cells were cultured in 8‐chamber slides, treated with different concentrations of the medications, and fixed at 24, 48, and 72 h. Cell number on slides to estimate viability and growth curves, frequency of apoptosis (FLICA and caspase‐3 activation probes), and proliferation (BrdU incorporation assay) were measured by laser scanning cytometry (LSC).Results:Depending on concentration all examined medications induced cell necrosis or apoptosis and suppressed proliferation. Significant variability in proliferation and apoptosis was observed within the same cultures depending on local cell density, with cells in high density areas being more resistant. The data indicate that commonly used topical medications exert cytostatic and cytotoxic effects in cultures of corneal cells and suggest that caution should be exercised in their use, particularly, when the corneal diseases are accompanied by cell proliferation and regeneration, in long‐term‐treatment.Conclusions:The present approach of using LSC makes it possible to assess and compare cytostatic and cytotoxic effects of different topical medications on the respective target cells. © 2009 Clinical Cytometry Society
On the Formation and Decomposition of the Melonate Ion in Cyanate and Thiocyanate Melts and the Crystal Structure of Potassium Melonate, K3[C6N7(NCN)3]
Authors: Sattler Andreas , Schnick Wolfgang 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe synthesis of potassium melonate, K3[C6N7(NCN)3], by reaction of a potassium thiocyanate melt with the polymer melon [C6N7(NH)(NH2)]n is an established, though poorly understood, reaction. We have modified the original approach by using salt melts containing Na+ ions and/or cyanate ions to yield the respective melonate salts. These melonates, however, are not the final reaction products. We have identified them to decompose in cyanate melts to formtricyanomelaminates at higher temperatures and prolonged reaction times. This is the first selective decomposition reaction leading from heptazines to triazines. The progress of the reactions was studied by using thermal analysis, thus allowing the exact determination of reaction temperatures and weight losses. With the data at hand we are now able to gain better insight into the formation and properties of alkali melonates while establishing new synthetic routes to these compounds. We were able to isolate crystals of anhydrous potassium melonate directly from a thiocyanate melt. The structure of this compound was solved by single‐crystal X‐ray‐diffraction. The new reaction conditions involving cyanates on the one hand avoid the release of CS2 and are no longer highly corrosive to most metallic reaction vessels and on the other hand these reagents provide new, cheap, and convenient access to melonates and tricyanomelaminates. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Concurrent observations of astrocytic Ca2+ activity and multisite extracellular potentials from an intact cerebral cortex
Authors: Riera Jorge , Ogawa Takeshi , Hatanaka Rieko , Goto Takakuni , Sumiyoshi Akira , Kadji Herve Enjieu , Nakauchi Sakura , Kawashima Ryuta 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn basic neuroscience, the attention has been recently focused on the role played by the protoplasmic astrocytes in modulating the activity of nearby neurons or else on assisting a long‐term/sustained communication between these neurons and the surrounding microvasculature. However, to understand the physiological mechanisms underlying such a multiscale interactions in space and time, novel methodologies are required. This paper reports about an experimental setting and a procedure that was developed to obtain concurrently two‐photon astrocytic Ca2+ imaging and multisite large‐scale extracellular potentials as recorded by a silicon‐based probe. Solutions to several technical drawbacks (e.g. removal of photoelectric artifacts, the establishment of safety ranges for microinjection) are provided which are intrinsic to the technology and procedure utilized. Through the use of SR101 to stain protoplasmic astrocytes, it was possible to combine functional information represented by the Ca2+ activity in individual astrocytes and the LFPs with geometrical descriptors of the astrocytic/vessel networks. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Bomb threats and offender characteristics in Japan
Authors: Zaitsu Wataru 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThis study examined telephone bomb threats and offender characteristics in Japan (N = 101). The results showed that the most frequent offenders were middle‐aged men (mean 42.6 years), motivated by desire for money (46%), resentment (26%), or diversion (24%). In the case of female offenders, most were connected with the targets (83%). Categorical principle component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis differentiated the offenders into three themes. ‘Instrumental’ offenders telephoned the target directly (e.g. a bank or department store), demanding money by public phone. ‘Expressive/affective’ offenders motivated by resentment telephoned from their home and almost never had a criminal record. ‘Expressive/cognitive’ offenders motivated by diversion targeted railways and mostly telephoned emergency numbers. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Probing the acoustic vibrations of single metal nanoparticles by ultrashort laser pulses
Authors: Tchebotareva A.L. , Ruijgrok P.V. , Zijlstra P. , Orrit M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe strong interaction of metal nanoparticles with light makes it possible to detect individual particles by far‐field optical methods. In this article, the interaction of a metal nanoparticle with a short laser pulse is discussed, with the emphasis on the coherent excitation of mechanical (acoustic) modes and the optical detection of these vibrations. The literature on acoustic vibrations of single metal nanoparticles of different shapes (spheres, dumbbells, rods, cubes, wires, prisms) is reviewed, and the modes that have been excited and detected in these particles are discussed. Finally, the insights and potential applications enabled by these studies are summarized.
Taphonomic evidence of a human skeleton gnawed by termites in a Moche‐civilisation grave at Huaca de la Luna, Peru
Authors: Huchet J.‐B. , Deverly D. , Gutierrez B. , Chauchat C. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA human skeleton from a Moche grave at Huaca de la Luna, Trujillo, Peru, shows evidence of taphonomic bone modification due to subterranean termite activity. Information related to the occasional osteophagous diet of termites on mammal and human remains is reviewed and detailed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CT and micro‐CT analysis of a case of Paget's disease (osteitis deformans) in the Grant skeletal collection
Authors: Wade A. D. , Holdsworth D. W. , Garvin G. J. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThis paper presents a case study in which Paget's disease of bone is differentially diagnosed in an individual from the Grant skeletal collection using non‐destructive computed tomography (CT) and micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT) analyses of the pubis, in addition to plain film radiography and macroscopic examination. In archaeological and modern osteological samples diagnosis frequently relies on macroscopic examination, plain film radiography and histological examination of bone samples. CT and micro‐CT modalities provide researchers with a non‐destructive view of the internal structure of bone unhampered by the superimposition that is characteristic of plain film radiographs. Given the importance of the increased cortical and trabecular thickness in the differential diagnosis of Paget's disease, these techniques are ideal means by which to non‐destructively examine culturally‐sensitive and scientifically‐valuable human remains for signs of Paget's disease of bone. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Daily risks: A biocultural approach to acute trauma in pre‐colonial coastal populations from Brazil
Authors: Lessa Andrea 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBrazilian coastal pre‐colonial skeletal series were examined for accidental fractures, which were grouped according to biomechanical interpretation of the causative events, and results were interpreted based on cultural and environmental aspects. More than 19% of the shell mound builders and 27% of the fisher–hunter–gatherers presented healed fractures. Both series presented balanced values between male and female (18.7 and 20%, respectively, for shell mound builders; 28.1 and 25.6%, respectively, for fisher‐hunter‐gatherers), and more than the double that proportion of the individuals (69.6% for shell mound builder and 88.5% for fisher–hunter–gatherers) had localised lesions, associated with only one traumatic event. The most common type of fractures were those caused by falls blocked by lower limbs (47.8% for shell mound builders and 46.1% for fisher–hunter–gatherers), interpreted as a result of moving along the rocky coastal cliffs. Despite these similarities, both series presented particular aspects which were related mainly to differences in subsistence strategies. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation of chitosan‐graft‐(methyl methacrylate)/Ag nanocomposite with antimicrobial activity
Authors: An Jing , Yuan Xiaoyan , Luo Qingzhi , Wang Desong 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIt has been found that composites of chitosan (CS) and Ag nanoparticles can exhibit excellent antibacterial activities. However, the weak mechanical performances of these composite materials limit their wide application. Grafting of vinyl monomers onto CS is one of the most effective methods to improve the performances of CS without sacrificing its properties. A nanocomposite of chitosan‐graft‐(methyl methacrylate) (CS‐g‐MMA) containing Ag nanoparticles was prepared by in situ chemical reduction of Ag ions in an aqueous acetic acid solution of CS and graft copolymerization of MMA onto CS. Transmission electron micrographs, X‐ray diffraction patterns and UV‐visible spectra of the nanocomposite confirmed the formation of Ag nanocrystals. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy proved that AgO bonds exist in the composite. Thermogravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry showed that the decomposition temperature of CS was 319.8 °C while that of the CS‐g‐MMA/Ag composite shifted to a higher temperature of 422.1 °C. Antimicrobial experiments showed that the antimicrobial rates of the CS‐g‐MMA/Ag composite to E. coli, B. subtilis, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were 93–98%. CS molecules can act as stabilizing agents to prevent the aggregation of Ag nanoparticles in the process of synthesizing CS‐g‐MMA/Ag nanocomposites. The antimicrobial activity of the as‐prepared nanocomposites is higher than that of CS alone. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Biotin tagging coupled with amino acid‐coded mass tagging for efficient and precise screening of interaction proteome in mammalian cells
Authors: He Yu‐Fei , Bao Hui‐Min , Xiao Xiao‐Feng , Zuo Shuai , Du Ru‐Yun , Tang Si‐Wei , Yang Peng‐Yuan , Chen Xian 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn mammalian cells, when tandem affinity purification approach is employed, the existence of untagged endogenous target protein and repetitive washing steps together result in overall low yield of purified/stable complexes and the loss of weakly and transiently interacting partners of biological significance. To avoid the trade‐offs involving in methodological sensitivity, precision, and throughput, here we introduce an integrated method, biotin tagging coupled with amino acid‐coded mass tagging, for highly sensitive and accurate screening of mammalian protein–protein interactions. Without the need of establishing a stable cell line, using a short peptide tag which could be specifically biotinylated in vivo, the biotin‐tagged target/bait protein was then isolated along with its associates efficiently by streptavidin magnetic microbeads in a single step. In a pulled‐down complex amino acid‐coded mass tagging serves as “in‐spectra” quantitative markers to distinguish those bait‐specific interactors from non‐specific background proteins under stringent criteria. Applying this biotin tagging coupled with amino acid‐coded mass tagging approach, we first biotin‐tagged in vivo a multi‐functional protein family member, 14‐3‐3ε, which was expressed at close to endogenous level. Starting with approximately 20 millions of 293T cells which were significantly less than what needed for a tandem affinity purification run, 266 specific interactors of 14‐3‐3ε were identified in high confidence.
On‐plate‐selective enrichment of glycopeptides using boronic acid‐modified gold nanoparticles for direct MALDI‐QIT‐TOF MS analysis
Authors: Tang Jia , Liu Yingchao , Qi Dawei , Yao Guoping , Deng Chunhui , Zhang Xiangmin 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn this study, an on‐plate‐selective enrichment method is developed for fast and efficient glycopeptide investigation. Gold nanoparticles were first spotted and sintered on a stainless‐steel plate, then modified with 4‐mercaptophenylboronic acid to provide porous substrate with large specific surface and dual functions. These spots were used to selectively capture glycopeptides from peptide mixtures and the captured target peptides could be analyzed by MALDI‐MS simply by deposition of 2,5‐dihydroxybenzoic acid matrix. Horseradish peroxidase was employed as a standard glycoprotein to investigate the enrichment efficiency. In this way, the enrichment, washing and detection steps can all be fulfilled on a single MALDI target plate. The relatively small sample amount needed, low detection limit and rapid selective enrichment have made this on‐plate strategy promising for online enrichment of glycopeptides, which could be applied in high‐throughput proteome research.
Proteomic investigation of changes in human vastus lateralis muscle in response to interval‐exercise training
Authors: Holloway Kathryn V. , O'Gorman Martin , Woods Paul , Morton James P. , Evans Louise , Cable Nigel T. , Goldspink David F. , Burniston Jatin G. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractNo previous study has used proteomics to investigate the effects of exercise training on human skeletal muscle. Five recreationally active men completed a 6‐wk training programme involving three sessions per week, utilising six 1‐min bouts at maximum oxygen uptake (V̇ O2max) interspersed with 4 min at 50% V̇ O2max. Vastus lateralis was biopsied at standardised times before and after the training intervention. Protein expression profiling was performed using differential analysis of 2‐DE gels; complemented with quantitative analysis (iTRAQ) of tryptic peptides from 1‐DE gel lane‐segments using LC‐MALDI MS/MS. Interval training increased average V̇ O2max (7%; p<0.001) and was associated with greater expression of mitochondrial components, including succinate dehydrogenase, trifunctional protein‐α and ATP synthase α‐ and β‐chains. 2‐DE resolved 256 spots, and paired t‐tests identified 20 significant differences in expression (false discovery rate <10%). Each differentially expressed gene product was present as multiple isoelectric species. Therefore, the differences in spot expression represent changes in post‐transcriptional or post‐translational processing. In particular, modulation of muscle creatine kinase and troponin T were prominent. Pro‐Q Diamond staining revealed these changes in expression were associated with phosphorylated protein species, which provides novel information regarding muscle adaptation to interval training.
Elimination of basic gaps at high pH values in 2‐DE
Authors: Kask Lena , Larsson Kjell , Bjellqvist Bengt 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe appearance of gaps, vertical lanes lacking protein spots at the cathodic end of 2‐D maps generated with wide range IPG‐strips exceeding a pH value of 9, is shown to depend on the electro‐osmotic transport of water into the IPG‐strip. Substitution of urea solution with water is demonstrated to increase the hydrolysis rate of polyacrylamide in IPG‐strips explaining the gap formation. The use of 8 M urea or thiourea/urea solutions in the electrode wick enables overnight focusing without the appearance of gaps.