bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small generators of abelian number fields
Authors: Widmer Martin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We show that for each abelian number field K of sufficiently large degree d there exists an element

α
∈
K

{\alpha\in K}

with

K
=

ℚ
⁢

(
α
)

{K=\mathbb{Q}(\alpha)}

and absolute Weil height

H
⁢

(
α
)

≪
d

|

Δ
K

|

1

2
⁢
d

{H(\alpha)\ll_{d}|\Delta_{K}|^{\frac{1}{2d}}}

, where

Δ
K

{\Delta_{K}}

denotes the discriminant of K.
This answers a question of Ruppert from 1998 in the case of abelian extensions of sufficiently large degree.
We also show that the exponent

1

2
⁢
d

{\frac{1}{2d}}

is best-possible when d is even.
Powder flow speed dependency, caking and cohesion behaviors of tomato powders as affected by drying methods
Authors: Aslan Türker Duygu , Göksel Saraç Meryem , Doğan Mahmut 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In addition to the morphology of tomato powders produced with different drying processes (oven, sun, microwave, tray drying), powder flow properties such as powder flow speed dependency, cohesiveness and caking were evaluated and compared in this study. The data was grouped and classified using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The findings revealed a slight decrease in compaction coefficient up to 50 mm/s. Moreover, a sudden decrease was observed in the compaction coefficient with the test speed increasing from 50 mm/s to 100 mm/s for the tray-dried tomato powders. The findings of the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed that the drying procedures had a substantial impact on the morphological structures of tomato powders. It was proven that different drying techniques caused structural differences. Microwave heating yielded faster moisture loss and, as a result, the morphology was rough. Ultimately, powders obtained from microwave processes had holes in the surface as a result of the water vapor released during the drying process.
Multi-scale ground penetrating radar full waveform inversion with hybrid Tikhonov and total-variation regularization for different geometric structure
Authors: Liu Tieyu , Li Jing , Cheng Dandan , Wang Chenghao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Full waveform inversion (FWI) is a high-resolution technique to estimate the parameters of dielectric permittivity (ϵ) and electrical conductivity (σ) and identify the structure of the subsurface for Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) application.
However, permittivity and conductivity parameters can be coupled in bi-parameter GPR inversion. This coupling effect leads to the crosstalk in the FWI result.
To solve this problem, we propose a novel approach to use the multi-scale FWI with the hybrid regularization method, which combines Tikhonov and total-variation
(TV) regularizers that simultaneously invert the ϵ and the σ parameters, which improve the inversion accuracy and reduce the crosstalk effect. The multi-scale strategy uses the Wiener filtering to process the GPR data in different frequency ranges. Then, the low frequencies signal updates the bottom part and subsequently increases the frequencies to invert for the shallow areas. The Tikhonov regularization stabilizes the reconstruction of the smoothly varying background part. In contrast, Total Variation (TV) regularization can recover the large contrasts associated with the LNAPL model. The new Tikhonov-TV (TT) regularization can mitigate the crosstalk caused by the parameter coupling effect. Numerical tests with typical GPR models demonstrate that the proposed multi-scale TT-FWI strategy can effectively
eliminate the crosstalk and improve the reconstruction accuracy when the model parameters have a different structure.
Identification of a novel homozygous NR5A1 variant in a patient with a 46,XY disorders of sex development
Authors: Kırkgöz Tarık , Gürsoy Semra , Acar Sezer , Köprülü Özge , Özkaya Beyhan , Arslan Gülçin , Nalbantoğlu Özlem , Hazan Filiz , Özkan Behzat 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 1 (NR5A1) is a transcription factor critical for the development of various organs. Pathogenic variants in NR5A1 are associated with a spectrum of disorders of sex development (DSD).

Case presentation
A 15-month-old baby, raised as a girl, was referred for genital swelling and ambiguous genitalia. Born to healthy consanguineous parents, the baby had a phallus, perineal hypospadias, labial fusion, and a hypoplastic scrotum. Hormonal evaluation showed normal levels, and ultrasonography revealed small gonads and absence of Müllerian derivatives. Post-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) testing indicated an adequate testosterone response. The karyotype was 46,XY, and in it was found a homozygous NR5A1 variant (c.307 C>T, p.Arg103Trp) in a custom 46 XY DSD gene panel. Notably, the patient exhibited complete sex reversal, hyposplenia, and no adrenal insufficiency.

Conclusions
Previously, NR5A1 pathogenic variants were considered to be dominantly inherited, and homozygous cases were thought to be associated with adrenal insufficiency. Despite the homozygous pathogenic variant, our patient showed hyposplenism with normal adrenal function; this highlights the complexity of NR5A1 genotype–phenotype correlations. These patients should be monitored for adrenal insufficiency and DSD as well as splenic function.
Синтез і дослідження ферум- та карбонатвмісних кальцію фосфатів апатитового типу
Authors: Струтинська Н.Ю. , Комащенко Є.О. , Слободяник М.С. 
Published: April 2024

Кальцію фосфати синтезовано у водних розчинах за мольних співвідношень: Ca2+ : Fe3+ : PO43− : CO3 2− = 10 — y : х : (6 − z) : z (х = 0,1, 0,25, 0,5 та 1; z = 0, 0,3 та 0,5) і температури 25 º С з подальшим їх нагріванням до 500 º С впродовж 2 год. Методом порошкової рентгенографії встановлено формування фаз апатитового типу (гексагональна сингонія), параметри комірок для яких корелюють з кількістю феруму та карбонату в їх складі. Встановлено, що розміри частинок не залежать від співвідношення компонентів у вихідному розчині і знаходяться в межах значень 20—27 нм. Результати ІЧ-спектроскопії підтверджують реалізацію часткового заміщення фосфату на карбонат (Б-тип) у структурі апатитового типу. Дослідження біоактивності синтезованих ферум та карбонатвмісних кальцію фосфатів in vitro виявило можливості регулювання характеру зміни рН середовища шляхом варіювання вмісту легувальних допантів, що в подальшому може забезпечувати різні вимоги, пов’язані з регулюванням рН середовища, у разі застосування таких синтетичних матеріалів.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE PLANEJAMENTO EDUCACIONAL: CURADORIA FORMATIVA EM GESTÃO ESCOLAR NO CURSO DE LICENCIATURA EM PEDAGOGIA
Authors: Lefone Fátima Ramalho , Silva Renan Antônio da 
Published: April 2024

O artigo apresenta o contexto histórico do Curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia e seus impactos na formação inicial do Gestor Escolar, em especial aos que atuarão em escolas públicas. Enfatiza-se ao longo do processo histórico, como os aspectos formativos no Curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia suscitam lacunas à formação específica para a atuação de futuros Gestores Escolares. Objetiva-se a partir da revisão de literatura apresentar aportes teóricos pertinentes que revestem a referida formação profissional e identitária do Gestor Escolar, além de quadros comparativos com aspectos legais e suas alterações ao longo da história. Em consequência da pesquisa teórica desenvolveu-se em locus com alunos do Curso de Pedagogia de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior privada, situada na região central de São Paulo, ações específicas utilizando metodologias ativas e colaborativas, cuja temática resultou na elaboração e vivências relativas a construção do Projeto Político Pedagógico, com ênfase nos aspectos transdisciplinares e foco em estratégias de planejamento educacional como forma de curadoria formativa em Gestão Escolar. Verifica-se que o redimensionamento do currículo e as contribuições epistemológicas atenuam as lacunas na formação inicial do Gestor Escolar. O corpus da pesquisa resultam da coleta de dados que colaboram na composição do texto com evidências da realidade. Os resultados indicam que a participação dos alunos em ações formativas dessa natureza incide qualitativamente na apropriação de concepções específicas e nos aspectos teóricos, metodológicos e práticos para o exercício da Gestão Escolar.
Tendência das taxas de internação por complicações de Diabetes Mellitus na população do município de Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, no período de 2011 a 2021
Authors: De Melo Valeriote Nascimento Anna Clara , Ribeiro Sgambato Michele , Dias Fernandez Verônica , Lopes do Nascimento Thayná , De Souza Azeredo Laueny , Martins Maltez Júlia , Nolasco Fernandes Santos da Silva Lucas , Santa Cruz Coelho Karla 
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar a tendência das taxas de internação por complicações de Diabetes Mellitus na população de Macaé-Rio de Janeiro, 2011-2021. Métodos: Estudo ecológico de séries temporais das taxas de internação por complicações de Diabetes Mellitus na população de Macaé em 2011-2021. Os dados foram obtidos através do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares da plataforma do Datasus. Os modelos de regressão Joinpoint foram utilizados para estimar a tendência da taxa de internação. Resultados: A taxa de internação por complicações de Diabetes Mellitus por ano, de modo geral, foi maior no ano de 2016 e menor taxa no ano de 2020. Entre 2017 e 2021, verificou-se uma tendência significativa decrescente de -19,71% (Intervalo de Confiança -36,71; -9,73) das taxas de internação por complicações de Diabetes Mellitus. Conclusão: Houve uma redução acentuada nas taxas durante a pandemia, o que pode ser devido à subnotificação no registro de internações.

Palavras-chave: Diabetes Mellitus; Internações; Doenças Crônicas; Estudos de Séries Temporais.
ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA E PERCEPÇÃO SUBJETIVA DE ESTRESSE EM ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS EM PERÍODO PANDÊMICO: 24H-MESYN STUDY
Authors: Alves dos Santos Evanilson , Marinho Franco Alaiana , Nascimento Ferreira Marcus Vinicius 
Published: April 2024

Tema Geral: Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde Objetivo: Testar a associação entre atividade física e estresse subjetivo em universitários durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal que avaliou 195 estudantes universitários (68,7% do sexo feminino; 44,6% com idade entre 21 e 25 anos; 65,8% do curso de ciências da saúde; 24,5% matriculados no 1º ao 3ºsemestre) de 17 a 52 anos. Os dados foram coletados em 2021 na cidade de Imperatriz, MA. Coletamos dados online usando a Perceived Stress Scale (14 itens) e o International Physical Activity Questionnaire (versão curta, 8 itens). Avaliamos escores de dimensões de estresse positivo e negativo como desfechos (representando autoeficácia percebida e desamparo, respectivamente), enquanto caminhada e atividade física moderada a vigorosa foram as variáveis independentes/exposições (em minutos/dia). Os potenciais confusões foram sexo biológico; idade; etnia; escolaridade materna; curso de graduação (em ciências da saúde ou outra), turno (matutino, vespertino, noturno ou integral), horário (≤ 3º ou > 3º semestre), número de turmas matriculadas e horas de estudo por dia. Avaliamos as associações usando modelos de regressão linear multinível. Resultados: Ao ajustar os modelos para sexo biológico, idade, etnia e tempo de graduação, observamos que níveis mais altos de caminhada (β = 0,02 [IC 95% 0,001 a 0,03]) foram associados a pontuações mais altas na dimensão positiva do estresse percebido. Conclusão: A caminhada associou-se a dimensão positiva do estresse percebido em universitários em período pandêmico.
Palavras-chave: Caminhada; Estresse; Estudantes.
Medicare’s Post-Acute Care Reimbursement Models as of 2023
Authors: Siddiqi Ahmed , Pasqualini Ignacio , Tidd Joshua , Rullán Pedro J. , Klika Alison K. , Murray Trevor G. , Johnson Joshua K. , Piuzzi Nicolas S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services is continually working to mitigate unnecessary expenditures, particularly in post-acute care (PAC). Medicare reimburses for orthopaedic surgeon services in varied models, including fee-for-service, bundled payments, and merit-based incentive payment systems. The goal of these models is to improve the quality of care, reduce health-care costs, and encourage providers to adopt innovative and efficient health-care practices.
This article delves into the implications of each payment model for the field of orthopaedic surgery, highlighting their unique features, incentives, and potential impact in the PAC setting. By considering the historical, current, and future Medicare reimbursement models, we hope to provide an understanding of the optimal payment model based on the specific needs of patients and providers in the PAC setting.
CircRNA_0025202 induces cervical cancer tumorigenesis by sponging miR-556-5p to activate HMGA2 expression
Authors: Yang Jiang , Yuan Simeng , Zhou Jinting , Lv Huabing , Zhou Min , Mao Xiaogang , Qin Xiaomin , Li Lin , Xing Hui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

circRNAs are reported to demonstrate significant function in various cancers. Nevertheless, the detailed effects of circRNAs in cervical cancer development are seldom displayed. In our present research, we observed circ_0025202 was strongly overexpressed in cervical cancer tissues and cells. Meanwhile, circ_0025202 expression in the tissue samples of cervical cancer was positively associated with FIGO stage and lymphnode metastasis. Then, it was proved that knockdown of circ_0025202 obviously restrained cell growth while triggered cell apoptosis. In addition, we demonstrated that circ_0025202 acted as a sponge of miR-556-5p targeting HMGA2 in cervical cancer cells. Moreover, the increase of HMGA2 is a feature of malignant tumor. Increasing reports have suggested HMGA2 expression could be a biomarker in cervical cancer. Then, it was manifested miR-556-5p was decreased in cervical cancer. Up-regulation of miR-556-5p repressed cervical cancer growth significantly. Besides these, it was confirmed that loss of HMGA2 by shRNA-circ_0025202-mediated up-regulation of miR-556-5p enhanced cervical cancer cell growth. To sum up, our data indicated a mechanism that circ_0025202- miR-556-5p-HMGA2 network enhanced cervical cancer development.
The Interplay of Online Attributes and Learning Modes in Shaping Satisfaction and Effectiveness in Online Learning
Authors: Mathew Paul V , Kushwaha Satyendra , Pappachan Joemon 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The study aimed to identify key variables influencing the performance and happiness of 545 undergraduate and graduate students enrolled in online courses during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indian universities. Utilizing structural equation modeling, the researchers found that high-quality instruction, well-designed courses, timely feedback, and high expectations positively influenced students' satisfaction, subsequently enhancing their performance. The study underscores the pivotal role of these elements in education management, especially in the context of the pandemic. It seeks to comprehend how online learning characteristics impact efficacy and enjoyment, highlighting their significance for 545 online learners. The findings emphasize the crucial role of online learning features in shaping successful learning and offer valuable insights for optimizing the online learning environment to enhance overall effectiveness.
Intragenic silencer regulates human retrovirus latency
by recruiting RUNX1
Authors: Satou Yorifumi , Sugata Kenji , Rahman Akhinur , Niimura Koki , Monde Kazuaki , Ueno Takaharu , Rajib Samiul , Takatori Mitsuyoshi , Sakhor Wajihah , Hossain Md Belal , Sithi Sharmin , Jahan M Ishrat , Matsuda Kouki , Ueda Mitsuharu , Yamano Yoshihisa , Ikeda Terumasa , Ueno Takamasa , Tsuchiya Kiyoto , Tanaka Yuetsu , Tokunaga Masahito , Maeda Kenji , Utsunomiya Atae , Okuma Kazu , Ono Masahiro 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Retroviruses integrate viral genome DNA into the host cellular genome. The integrated proviral DNA serves as a template for the production of progeny viruses. There are many points of similarity between two human retroviruses, human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), such as viral genome size, structure and targeting host cells; however, their natural course in infected individuals is remarkably different. HTLV-1 induces latent infection even in the absence of anti-retroviral drugs but enhances survival of the infected cells, resulting in cancer development. In contrast, HIV-1 infection causes vigorous viral production and keep high viremia in the blood, resulting in acquired immune deficiency syndrome. However, it still remains largely unknown why HTLV-1 prefers such latency phenotype in contrast with HIV-1. Here we identified a previously unidentified open chromatin region (OCR) in the middle of HTLV-1 provirus. We found the region functioned as a transcriptional silencer for the HTLV-1 5’-LTR promoter and thus named the OCR as retrovirus silencer region (RSR). RUNX1, a host transcription factor, and the co-factors localizes to the RSR and plays a pivotal role in the silencer function. The mutant virus containing mutations in the RSR that impaired RUNX1 binding showed higher proviral expression, virus production, persistence, and immunogenicity than wild type virus. Further, insertion of the RSR into recombinant HIV-1 remarkably decreased proviral expression, virus production and cytopathic effect. In conclusion, this study discovered retroviral silencer region that enables a human retrovirus HTLV-1 to co-exist with human for tens of thousands of years by hijacking RUNX1, a key regulator of cell lineage specification in the host cells and by establishing reversible latency in infected individuals. These findings not only open new avenues for treatment but also suggest an evolutionary perspective, indicating how HTLV-1 may have evolved a robust latency mechanism through the RSR, contributing to its unique pathogenesis.
Lable-free optical miRNA detection using charged Au nanoparticles
Authors: Hakimian Fatemeh , Delavari Behdad , Hadian-Ghazvini Samaneh , Rad Mohammad Behnam , Dashtestani Fariba , Sheikhhassani Vahid , Ghourchian Hedayatollah 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

A simple and efficient biosensing system was designed to measure miRNA-155 (miR-155) as a promising biomarker for early diagnosis of breast cancer. In this system, two different charged gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) were used: 1- negatively charged citrate-stabilized Au NP (Cit-Au NP) to immobilize the probe, 2- positively charged polyethylenimine-capped Au NP (PEI-Au NP) as an amplifier. The probe DNA covalently binds to the Cit-Au NP via Au–S bond in this system. A double-stranded probe DNA-miRNA is formed when miR-155 is introduced to the system. Then, PEI-Au NPs are added to the biosensing system to amplify surface plasmon resonance (SPR) changes in the absorption band of Au NPs. This amplification resulted in more stabilization of Au NPs in the presence of miR-155. On the contrary, in the absence of miR-155, Au NPs are aggregated due to the electrosteric interactions. This simple method achieves a detection limit of ~ 8 pM and a wide linear range from approximately 80 pM to 2 µM.
Puzzling two-stage size evolution of an ultraluminous gamma-ray burst jet
Authors: An Tao , Geng Jin-Jun , Zhang Yingkang , Gao Hao-Xuan , Xu Fan , Sun Tianrui , Li Bing , Wang Ailing , Xu Zhi-Jun , Liu Yuan-Qi , Yang Jun , Hu Chen-Ran , Liang Li , Wang Yu , Li Ye , Xiao Di , Ren Jia , Wu Xue-Feng , Huang Yong-Feng , Dai Z. G. , Zhang Bing 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most luminous stellar explosions in the Universe, in which relativistic jets are involved. GRB 221009A stands out as the brightest GRB ever observed, providing a unique opportunity to probe the properties of an ultrarelativistic jet. Here, we report our very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observation on the extremely bright GRB 221009A from 5 to 26 days after the burst. An intriguing two-stage evolution of the source size of this GRB is revealed by combining this data with later VLBI data. The observed size initially increases slowly as ~ tobs0.15 during the first month, but expands with a much faster rate as ~ tobs2.21 at later times. This unprecedented two-stage size evolution cannot be explained by the existing theoretical models invoking a non-spreading top-hat jet or a conventional structured jet and thus challenges our current understanding of this GRB jet. The transition may suggest the beginning of rapid sideways expansion of a narrow jet as the relativistic jet decelerates enough or the emergence of a new emission component. Our findings unveil the complex jet dynamics of GRB 221009A, highlighting the necessity of direct measurements of the size and geometry of the emission region in studying low-redshift GRBs in the multi-wavelength era.
Satellite-observed land cover change predicts plant genomic erosion over half a century
Authors: Theodoridis Spyros , Hickler Thomas , Nogues-Bravo David , Ploch Sebastian , Mishra Bagdevi , Thines Marco 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Human induced land-cover change within the past decades has resulted in severe biodiversity loss, adversely affecting ecosystems and their contributions to human societies1,2. Addressing the biodiversity crisis requires the development of monitoring frameworks that can reliably detect biodiversity change and inform conservation actions3,4,5. Satellite observations have revolutionized our ability to monitor species and ecosystem dynamics in response to anthropogenic pressures, yet, a last frontier remains: detecting genetic diversity change from space6. Here, we address this challenge by utilizing remote sensing to predict genomic erosion over half a century of global change. We sequenced historical and modern genomes of a medically important mountain plant, and show that genomic erosion is highly predictable by the velocity of land cover change. Our models reveal that faster vegetation “greening” in mountain ecosystems leads to higher inbreeding accumulation in the affected species. By linking satellite data with genomic erosion, we demonstrate the ability of remote sensing to monitor the impact of environmental change on genetic diversity, with far reaching implications for protecting the basal level of biodiversity.
Onlap of Upper Cretaceous synorogenic wedge-top deposits (Eastern Alps): Fragmentites, event beds, and coseismic deformation.
Authors: Sanders Diethard G. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In synorogenic wedge-top basins of the Alps, the basal strata are rarely exposed. Herein, a late Turonian to early Coniacian succession above an older rock substrate is described that comprises: (a) proto-/cataclasites, (b) slope breccias, (c) fluvial conglomerates, and (d) low-energy lagoonal limestones with event beds. The proto-/cataclasites are a vestige of a fault damage zone. The distribution of the other facies records a hilly vegetated terrain drained by a stream and that, upon sea-level rise, became encroached by a lagoon. A section of 'lagoonal' limestones contains a thick event bed of angular dolostone pebbles to cobbles derived from the local substrate, and embedded in hybrid arenite. Bioclasts (rudists, corals, red algae) are from open-marine environments. Angular shape and a corrugated surface of lithoclasts suggest that they stem from slope mantles of subaerially exposed areas. The bed records an event of exceptional coastal flooding and is tentatively interpreted as a tsunami deposit. In the slope breccias, the fluvial conglomerates, and in the event beds, many lithoclasts became fractured in situinto crackle, jigsaw, and mosaic subclast fabrics; fractures are filled with the same material (lime mud to arenite) as that comprising the primary matrix. In-situ clast fracture was produced by coseismic shaking, i.e., these fabrics record syndepositional earthquakes. In the Meso-Cenozoic wedge-top succession of the Eastern Alps, features related to seismic activity and coastal inundation expectably are widespread, but to date were overgone or not identified as such.