bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A proposed framework to standardize the neurocognitive assessment of patients with pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Ross Gail S. , Zelko Frank , Klein‐Gitelman Marisa , Levy Deborah M. , Muscal Eyal , Schanberg Laura E. , Anthony Kelly , Brunner Hermine I. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo develop and propose a standardized battery of neuropsychological tests for the assessment of cognitive functioning of children and adolescents with pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsA committee of health care professionals involved in the assessment of pediatric SLE patients reviewed the literature to identify cognitive domains most commonly affected in pediatric SLE and in adult SLE. They then reviewed the standardized tests available for children and adolescents that assess the cognitive domains identified. Through a structured consensus formation process, the committee considered the psychometric characteristics and durations of the tests.ResultsA test battery was developed that appears suitable to provide a comprehensive assessment of cognitive domains commonly affected by pediatric SLE within a 2.5‐hour period.ConclusionIt is hoped that the consistent use of this reliable and efficient battery increases the practicality of routine evaluations in pediatric SLE, enabling between‐cohort comparisons and facilitating the longitudinal assessment of individual patients over time.
Diamondoid Phosphines – Selective Phosphorylation of Nanodiamonds[1]
Authors: Schwertfeger Hartmut , Machuy Mareike M. , Würtele Christian , Dahl Jeremy E. P. , Carlson Robert M. K. , Schreiner Peter R. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe diamondoids (nanodiamonds) diamantane and triamantane were selectively converted into diorganophosphinic acid chlorides by reacting them with phosphorus trichloride under Friedel–Crafts‐like conditions. The di‐diamondoid phosphinic acid chlorides were subsequently reduced with trichlorosilane to give the hitherto unknown corresponding di‐diamondoid phosphines. These diamondoid phosphinic acid chlorides and phosphines are of great utility as starting materials in organo‐element and coordination chemistry due to their extraordinary rigidity and steric bulk.
Recent Advances in the Research of Lymphatic Stomata
Authors: Wang Zi‐Bin , Li Meng , Li Ji‐Cheng 
Published: February 2010

AbstractLymphatic stomata are small openings of lymphatic capillaries on the free surface of the mesothelium. The peritoneal cavity, pleural cavity, and pericardial cavity are connected with lymphatic system via these small openings, which have the function of active absorption. The ultrastructure of the lymphatic stomata and their absorption from the body cavities are important clinically, such as ascites elimination, neoplasm metastasis, and inflammatory reaction. The lymphatic stomata play an important role in the physiological and pathological conditions. Our previous study indicated for the first time that nitric oxide (NO) could regulate the opening and absorption of the lymphatic stomata. It could decrease the level of free intracellular calcium [Ca2+] through increasing the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) level in the rat peritoneal mesothelial cells, thus regulating the lymphatic stomata. This process is related with the NO‐cGMP‐[Ca2+] signal pathway. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in understanding the development and the function of the lymphatic stomata. The ultrastructure and regulations of the lymphatic stomata are also discussed in this review. Anat Rec, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression and Immunolocalization of Calcium Transport Proteins in the Canine Duodenum, Kidney, and Pancreas
Authors: Palm Claudia , Hartmann Katrin , Weber Karin 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe aim of the study was to elucidate expression and localization of several calcium handling proteins and the regulating vitamin D receptor (VDR) in the dog using RT‐PCR and immunohistochemistry. The results of RNA expression and antibody staining were compared to ensure specificity. We found several antibodies to be useful for further studies on calcium homeostasis. Anat Rec, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Morbidity and mortality in the Italian Gastric Cancer Study Group randomized clinical trial of D1 versus D2 resection for gastric cancer
Authors: Degiuli M , Sasako M , Ponti A 
Published: February 2010

Abstract

Background
A randomized clinical trial was performed to compare D1 and D2 gastrectomy in specialized Western centres. This paper reports short-term results.

Method
A total of 267 patients with gastric cancer were randomly assigned to either a D1 or a D2 procedure in five specialized centres. Based on the findings of the phase II trial and published phase III trials, a prespecified non-inferiority boundary at 12 per cent difference between groups was set regarding total morbidity.

Results
In the intention-to-treat analysis, the overall morbidity rate after D2 and D1 dissections was 17·9 and 12·0 per cent respectively (P = 0·178), with a 95 per cent confidence interval of the difference of 0 to 13·0 per cent, slightly exceeding the prespecified non-inferiority limit. There was a single duodenal stump leak in the D2 arm (0·7 per cent). The postoperative 30-day mortality rate was 3·0 per cent after D1 and 2·2 per cent after D2 gastrectomy (P = 0·722).

Conclusion
In specialized centres the rate of complications following D2 dissection is much lower than in published randomized Western trials. D2 dissection, in an appropriate setting, can therefore be considered a safe option for the radical management of gastric cancer in Western patients. Registration number: ISRCTN11154654 (http://www.controlled-trials.com).
The pharmacological role of nucleotidases in snake venoms
Authors: Dhananjaya Bhadrapura L. , D'Souza Cletus J. M. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractSeveral hydrolytic enzymes of snake venom have evolved to interfere in various physiological processes, which are well defined. However, hydrolytic enzymes such as nucleotidases (5′nucleotidase, ATPase, and ADPase) are less studied and their pharmacological role in venoms is not clearly defined. Very few studies have shown the pharmacological importance of these endogenous purine release related enzymes in venoms. The near‐ubiquitous distribution of these enzymes in venoms, suggests a significant role for these enzymes in envenomation. It is suggested that their major function is in the generation of purines (mainly adenosine)—a multitoxin. Therefore, it appears that these enzymes play a central role in liberating adenosine and through the action of adenosine help in prey immobilization. However, apart from this, these enzymes could also possess other pharmacological activities. Further research is needed to biologically characterize these enzymes in snake venoms, such that their role in venom is clearly established. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transcatheter closure of the left atrial appendage: Initial experience with the amplatzer cardiac plug device
Authors: Rodés‐Cabau Josep , Champagne Jean , Bernier Mathieu 
Published: February 2010

AbstractPercutaneous left atrial appendage (LAA) closure might reduce the cardioembolic risk in those patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation who are not candidates for warfarin therapy. This report presents the case of two patients with atrial fibrillation who had contraindications for warfarin therapy due to bleeding complications and a high cardioembolic risk (CHADS2 ≥2) who underwent successful LAA closure with a new device, the Amplatzer Cardiac Plug. The characteristics of the device and the main technical aspects of the procedure, as well as the potential advantages of this device for LAA closure, are discussed. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Impact of coronary artery disease on outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Masson Jean‐Bernard , Lee May , Boone Robert H. , Al Ali Abdullah , Al Bugami Saad , Hamburger Jaap , John Mancini G.B. , Ye Jian , Cheung Anson , Humphries Karin H. , Wood David , Nietlispach Fabian , Webb John G. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackground: Coronary artery disease (CAD) negatively impacts prognosis of patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement and revascularization is generally recommended at the time of surgery. Implications of CAD and preprocedural revascularization in the setting of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) are not known. Method: Patients who underwent successful TAVI from January 2005 to December 2007 were retrospectively divided into five groups according to the extent of CAD assessed with the Duke Myocardial Jeopardy Score: no CAD, CAD with DMJS 0, 2, 4, and ≥6. Study endpoints included 30‐day and 1‐year survival, evolution of symptoms, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and mitral regurgitation (MR) and need of revascularization during follow‐up. Results: One hundred and thirty‐six patients were included, among which 104 (76.5%) had coexisting CAD. Thirty‐day mortality in the five study groups was respectively 6.3, 14.6, 7.1, 5.6, and 17.7% with no statistically significant difference between groups (P = 0.56). Overall survival rate at one year was 77.9% (95% CL: 70.9, 84.9) with no difference between groups (P = 0.63). Symptoms, LVEF, and MR all significantly improved in the first month after TAVI, but the extent of improvement did not differ between groups (P > 0.08). Revascularization after TAVI was uncommon. Conclusion: The presence of CAD or nonrevascularized myocardium was not associated with an increased risk of adverse events in this initial cohort. On the basis of these early results, complete revascularization may not constitute a prerequisite of TAVI. This conclusion will require re‐assessment as experience accrues in patients with extensive CAD. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rotational atherectomy in resistant chronic total occlusions
Authors: Pagnotta Paolo , Briguori Carlo , Mango Ruggiero , Visconti Gabriella , Focaccio Amelia , Belli Guido , Presbitero Patrizia 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjectives: To assess the application of rotational atherectomy to improving the success rate of percutaneous recanalization of chronic total occlusion (CTO). Background: Although the inability to cross the occlusion with a guidewire is the reason for failure in the majority of cases, one of the most frustrating situations that may occur during a recanalization procedure is when a guidewire crosses successfully but it is impossible to advance any device over the wire through the occluded segment. Methods: From January 2006 to October 2009, 45/648 (7%) consecutive patients with CTO resistant to recanalization by conventional techniques were treated by high‐speed rotational atherectomy (Rotablator group). Results: All but two lesions were successfully crossed by Rotablator and eventually treated by stent implantation. As compared to the 603 CTO treated by conventional techniques (Conventional group), the 45 patients in the Rotablator group were older, more often female, active smokers, with chronic kidney disease and higher rate of previous surgical revascularization. The CTO in the Rotablator group had a longer duration. Peri‐procedural myocardial infarction was more frequent in the Rotablator group (35% vs. 22%; P = 0.044). Coronary perforation occurred only in three patients in the Conventional group and two of these patients needed urgent surgical intervention. No patient died from either group. Conclusions: The inability to cross a CTO with a balloon catheter occurs in approximately 7% of all CTOs that are successfully crossed with a guidewire. Rotational atherectomy is a safe and effective technique to overcome this frustrating situation. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Orbital atherectomy for symptomatic lower extremity disease
Authors: Korabathina Ravikiran , Mody Kanika P. , Yu Jennie , Han Seol Young , Patel Ruchika , Staniloae Cezar S. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackground. Plaque‐debulking technologies have been proposed as alternative treatment options for peripheral arterial disease. Orbital atherectomy (OA), using the DiamondBack360® device, has emerged as one promising modality. Methods. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of OA in the first 200 lesions treated at our institution. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and lesion and procedural variables were collected and analyzed. The primary safety endpoint was the 30‐day major adverse events (MAE), including death, myocardial infarction, stroke, unplanned amputation, or target lesion revascularization. Other safety endpoints included access‐site complications, occurrence of dissections, perforations, distal embolization, spasm, and hemolysis. The efficacy endpoints were procedural success, need for adjunctive therapy, and improvement in ankle‐brachial index. Multivariate analysis was performed to find independent predictors of the safety endpoints. Results. One hundred seventeen (58.5%) lesions were femoral, 31 (15.5%) were popliteal, and 52 (26.0%) were tibial. The procedural success (residual stenosis ≤30%) was comparable between the femoral and tibial lesions (86.3% vs. 92.5%, P = 0.18), but significantly lower for the popliteal lesions when compared with femoral and tibial (64.7% vs. 86.3%, P = 0.058, and 64.7% vs. 92.5%, P = 0.007 respectively). MAE at 30‐days occurred in 3 (2.2%) procedures, and major access‐site complications also occurred in 3 (2.2%). There were 31 (15.5%) dissections; independent predictors were diabetes mellitus (OR: 7.3, P = 0.008), crown‐to‐RVD ratio <0.6 (OR: 11.6, P = 0.005), and atherectomy time >360 sec (OR: 11.8, P = 0.001). There were 2 (1.0%) distal embolizations, 6 (3.0%) arterial spasms, and no perforations. Laboratory evidence of hemolysis was noted in 33.8% of cases. Conclusion. Orbital atherectomy allows for a significant procedural success, limited need for stenting, and favorable safety profile. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stable Bulky Particles Formed by TS‐1 Zeolite Nanocrystals in the Presence of H2O2
Authors: Shan Zhichao , Lu Zhenda , Wang Liang , Zhou Cong , Ren Limin , Zhang Lin , Meng Xiangju , Ma Shujie , Xiao Feng‐Shou 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBulky particles of TS‐1 zeolite (larger than 20 μm) are successfully collected by simple filtration after crystallization of TS‐1 zeolite in the presence of H2O2. Bulky TS‐1 (B‐TS‐1) has good stability under both ultrasonic conditions and in recycling of the catalyst. Nitrogen isotherms show that B‐TS‐1 has a larger mesopore volume (0.55 cm3 g−1) than conventional TS‐1 nanocrystals (N‐TS‐1; less than 300 nm) obtained from high‐speed centrifugation (0.28 cm3 g−1). In catalytic hydroxylation of phenol with H2O2, both fresh (25 %) and recycled B‐TS‐1 (24 %) show similar high activities to N‐TS‐1 (28 %). B‐TS‐1 was further characterized by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, UV/Vis spectroscopy, and other techniques. The results suggest that bulky particles of B‐TS‐1 were formed by strong interactions of the nanocrystals with each other in the synthesis of TS‐1 zeolite. Such unique structural features might be responsible for the high stability of the bulky particles, large mesopore volume, and high catalytic activities in phenol hydroxylation, as well as the collection of B‐TS‐1 from a simple filtration route.
Contrast‐induced Kidney Injury: Focus on Modifiable Risk Factors and Prophylactic Strategies
Authors: Kagan Anna , Sheikh‐Hamad David 
Published: February 2010

AbstractContrast‐induced nephropathy, also known as contrast‐induced acute kidney injury, is associated with rapid and often irreversible decline in kidney function following the administration of iodinated contrast agents. Contrast‐induced nephropathy is the third leading cause of acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients, and substantially increases mortality, morbidity, and length of hospitalization. Contrast‐induced nephropathy follows a predictable time of onset and is potentially preventable. It has been the subject of numerous studies addressing characteristics of the populations at risk and prophylactic strategies. This evidence‐based review summarizes recent literature and provides a nephrologists' perspective on contrast‐induced nephropathy, focusing on: the pathophysiology of contrast‐induced nephropathy; identification of populations at risk; correlation between contrast‐induced nephropathy and the type of contrast agent used; and finally, measures to prevent contrast‐induced nephropathy, including intravenous fluids, sodium bicarbonate, N‐acetylcysteine, and hemofiltration/hemodialysis. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fragmented QRS Complex: A Novel Marker of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Chatterjee Saurav , Changawala Nisarg 
Published: February 2010

AbstractQRS complex fragmentation, defined as changes in QRS morphology with different RSR′ patterns: additional R waves, notched S wave, or > 1R′ wave, has recently been linked with various cardiac conditions and even been postulated to be predictive of outcomes in certain pathologies. The current article aims to consolidate the available information about this morphological ECG abnormality and its predictive value. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Subdiffraction‐Resolution Fluorescence Microscopy of Myosin–Actin Motility
Authors: Endesfelder Ulrike , van de Linde Sebastian , Wolter Steve , Sauer Markus , Heilemann Mike 
Published: February 2010

AbstractSubdiffraction‐resolution imaging by subsequent localization of single photoswitchable molecules can achieve a spatial resolution in the range of ∼20 nm with moderate excitation intensities, but have so far been too slow for imaging faster dynamics in biology. Herein, we introduce a novel approach for video‐like subdiffraction microscopy based on rapid and reversible photoswitching of commercially available organic carbocyanine fluorophores. With the present concept, we demonstrate in vitro studies on the motility of fluorophore‐labeled actin filaments along myosin II. Actin filaments were densely labeled with carbocyanine fluorophores, and the gliding velocity adjusted by the concentration of ATP. At imaging frame rates of ∼100 Hz, only 100 consecutive frames are sufficient to generate a single high‐resolution image of moving actin filaments with a lateral resolution of ∼30 nm. A video‐like sequence is generated from individual reconstructed images by additionally applying a sliding window algorithm. We measured velocities of individual actin filaments of up to ∼0.18 μm s−1, observed strong bending and disruption of filaments as well as locally immobile fragments.
Digital quantum batteries: Energy and information storage in nanovacuum tube arrays
Authors: Hübler Alfred W. , Osuagwu Onyeama 
Published: February 2010

AbstractDielectric material between capacitor electrodes increases the capacitance. However, when the electric field exceeds a threshold, electric breakdown in the dielectric discharges the capacitor suddenly and the stored energy is lost. We show that nanovacuum tubes do not have this problem because (i) electric breakdown can be suppressed with quantization phenomena, and (ii) the capacitance is large at small gap sizes. We find that the energy density and power density in nanovacuum tubes are large compared to lithium batteries and electrochemical capacitors. The electric field in a nanovacuum tube can be sensed with MOSFETs in the insulating walls. Random access arrays of nanovacuum tubes with an energy gate, to charge the tube, and an information gate attached to the MOSFET, to sense the electric field in the tube, can be used to store both energy and information. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 2010
Assessment of self‐perceived risk and driving safety in chronic dialysis patients
Authors: Vats Hemender S. , Duffy Douglas P. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractMETHODSTo identify high‐risk driving behaviors and risk factors for impaired driving in 186 chronic dialysis patients, a questionnaire was presented to patients that included questions regarding medical and driving history and medication use.RESULTSWe demonstrated a significant difference in the subjective perception of dialysis patients of their driving capabilities and the objective data identifying the conditions that make their driving unsafe. This was supported by the higher incidence of accidents in these patients. Of greater concern was the non‐recognition of the problem by the patients themselves, with the majority of them continuing to drive. Results also demonstrated a statistically significant association between use of sedatives and driving impairment in these patients (59.1% versus 37.4%, p = .005).DISCUSSIONMotor vehicle injuries are among the leading cause of injury‐related deaths in the elderly population. Individuals with end‐stage renal disease often experience a significant decline in their ability to drive safely due to musculoskeletal, neurologic, and cognitive impairments which may not improve with dialysis. Presently, no guidelines exist for assessing the safety of driving for individuals on chronic dialysis. The study provides data to recommend development of safe driving guidelines in dialysis patients and education of the dialysis patient care providers in identifying high‐risk patients.
Neural tube defects and impaired neural progenitor cell proliferation in Gβ1‐deficient mice
Authors: Okae Hiroaki , Iwakura Yoichiro 
Published: February 2010

AbstractHeterotrimeric G proteins are well known for their roles in signal transduction downstream of G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), and both Gα subunits and tightly associated Gβγ subunits regulate downstream effector molecules. Compared to Gα subunits, the physiological roles of individual Gβ and Gγ subunits are poorly understood. In this study, we generated mice deficient in the Gβ1 gene and found that Gβ1 is required for neural tube closure, neural progenitor cell proliferation, and neonatal development. About 40% Gβ1−/− embryos developed neural tube defects (NTDs) and abnormal actin organization was observed in the basal side of neuroepithelium. In addition, Gβ1−/− embryos without NTDs showed microencephaly and died within 2 days after birth. GPCR agonist‐induced ERK phosphorylation, cell proliferation, and cell spreading, which were all found to be regulated by Gαi and Gβγ signaling, were abnormal in Gβ1−/− neural progenitor cells. These data indicate that Gβ1 is required for normal embryonic neurogenesis. Developmental Dynamics 239:1089–1101, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
MAPK3 deficiency drives autoimmunity via DC arming
Authors: Bendix Ivo , Pfueller Caspar F. , Leuenberger Tina , Glezeva Nadezhda , Siffrin Volker , Müller Yasmin , Prozorovski Timour , Hansen Wiebke , Topphoff Ulf Schulze , Loddenkemper Christoph , Zipp Frauke , Waiczies Sonia 
Published: February 2010

AbstractDC are professional APC that instruct T cells during the inflammatory course of EAE. We have previously shown that MAPK3 (Erk1) is important for the induction of T‐cell anergy. Our goal was to determine the influence of MAPK3 on the capacity of DC to arm T‐cell responses in autoimmunity. We report that DC from Mapk3−/− mice have a significantly higher membrane expression of CD86 and MHC‐II and – when loaded with the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein – show a superior capacity to prime naïve T cells towards an inflammatory phenotype than Mapk3+/+ DC. Nonetheless and as previously described, Mapk3−/− mice were only slightly but not significantly more susceptible to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein‐induced EAE than WT littermate mice. However, Mapk3+/+ mice engrafted with Mapk3−/− BM (KO→WT) developed a severe form of EAE, in direct contrast to WT→KO mice, which were even less sick than control WT→WT mice. An infiltration of DC and accumulation of Th17 cells was also observed in the CNS of KO→WT mice. Therefore, triggering of MAPK3 in the periphery might be a therapeutic option for the treatment of neuroinflammation since absence of this kinase in the immune system leads to severe EAE.