bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between the angle of version and rate of wear of retrieved metal-on-metal resurfacings
Authors: Hart A. J. , Ilo K. , Underwood R. , Cann P. , Henckel J. , Lewis A. , Cobb J. , Skinner J. 
Published: March 2011

We measured the orientation of the acetabular and femoral components in 45 patients (33 men, 12 women) with a mean age of 53.4 years (30 to 74) who had undergone revision of metal-on-metal hip resurfacings. Three-dimensional CT was used to measure the inclination and version of the acetabular component, femoral version and the horizontal femoral offset, and the linear wear of the removed acetabular components was measured using a roundness machine. We found that acetabular version and combined version of the acetabular and femoral components were weakly positively correlated with the rate of wear. The acetabular inclination angle was strongly positively correlated with the rate of wear. Femoral version was weakly negatively correlated with the rate of wear. Application of a threshold of > 5 μm/year for the rate of wear in order to separate the revisions into low or high wearing groups showed that more high wearing components were implanted outside Lewinnek’s safe zone, but that this was mainly due to the inclination of the acetabular component, which was the only parameter that significantly differed between the groups. We were unable to show that excess version of the acetabular component alone or combined with femoral version was associated with an increase in the rate of wear based on our assessment of version using CT.
Survival of metal-on-metal hip resurfacing arthroplasty
Authors: van der Weegen W. , Hoekstra H. J. , Sijbesma T. , Bos E. , Schemitsch E. H. , Poolman R. W. 
Published: March 2011

We systematically reviewed the peer-reviewed literature to relate the survival of hybrid metal-on-metal hip resurfacing arthroplasty devices to a National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) benchmark for choosing a primary total hip replacement, which is a survival rate of 90% at a follow-up of ten years. A total of 29 articles (10 621 resurfaced hips) met the inclusion criteria. The mean follow-up ranged from 0.6 to 10.5 years and the survival of the implant ranged from 84% to 100%. Of the 10 621 hips, 370 were revised (3.5%), with aseptic loosening as the most frequent mode of failure. None of the hip resurfacing arthroplasty implants used to date met the full ten-year NICE benchmark of survival. A total of 13 studies showed satisfactory survival compared with the three-year NICE benchmark.
High concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine are associated with ST-segment resolution failure after reperfusion for acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Yilmaz Akar , Bekpinar Seldag , Unlucerci Yesim , Gurdol Figen , Umman Berrin 
Published: March 2011

Abstract

Background: Increased concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) have been detected in patients with cardiovascular risk factors. In addition, high baseline plasma concentrations of ADMA have been shown to be an independent predictor of adverse outcomes in various disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of admission ADMA concentrations on microvascular flow after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Methods: Blood samples from 39 patients with STEMI were collected at admission to measure the concentrations of ADMA and other cardiovascular risk factors including inflammatory markers and the lipid profile. Primary PCI was performed in patients with STEMI. The maximum ST-segment elevation in standard 12-leads electrocardiogram (ECG) before and 24 h after PCI was measured, and patients were stratified as complete or incomplete ST-segment resolution (STR).

Results: Twenty-five patients had complete (≥70%) and 14 incomplete (<70%) STR. In patients with incomplete STR, ADMA concentrations were significantly higher than that seen in others (0.447±0.215 μmol/L vs. 0.310±0.134, p=0.019), and was independently associated with STR.

Conclusions: Admission concentrations of ADMA appeared to be useful for early risk stratification in reperfusion therapy for acute myocardial infarction.
Collective opinion paper on findings of the 2010 convocation of experts on laboratory quality
Authors: Cooper Greg , DeJonge Niels , Ehrmeyer Sharon , Yundt-Pacheco John , Jansen Rob , Ricós Carmen , Plebani Mario 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
As a part of a series of yearly meeting, in May 2010 over 40 medical laboratory opinion leaders, pathologists, clinical biochemists and physicians from Europe, Israel and South Africa gathered together in Bardolino, Italy to discuss issues and current challenges for laboratory medicine, including a) the use of biological variation 10 years after the Stockholm Conference; b) achieving quality in point-of-care testing; c) assessing risk and controlling sources of error in the laboratory; d) determining the appropriate frequency of quality control; and f) putting laboratory medicine at the core of patient care. The intended goal of the convocation was to give laboratory professionals from different countries and backgrounds the opportunity to share ideas, concerns and experiences in previously mentioned areas of interest. This paper provide a synopsis of the reports from each working group.
Generalized sensitivities and optimal experimental design
Authors: Banks H. T. , Dediu Sava , Ernstberger Stacey L. , Kappel Franz 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
We consider the problem of estimating amodeling parameter θ using a weighted least squares criterion for given data y by introducing an abstract framework involving generalized measurement procedures characterized by probability measures. We take an optimal design perspective, the general premise (illustrated via examples) being that in any data collected, the information content with respect to estimating θ may vary considerably from one time measurement to another, and in this regard some measurements may be much more informative than others. We propose mathematical tools which can be used to collect data in an almost optimal way, by specifying the duration and distribution of time sampling in the measurements to be taken, consequently improving the accuracy (i.e., reducing the uncertainty in estimates) of the parameters to be estimated.
We recall the concepts of traditional and generalized sensitivity functions and use these to develop a strategy to determine the “optimal” final time T for an experiment; this is based on the time evolution of the sensitivity functions and of the condition number of the Fisher information matrix. We illustrate the role of the sensitivity functions as tools in optimal design of experiments, in particular in finding “best” sampling distributions. Numerical examples are presented throughout to motivate and illustrate the ideas.
Identification of unknown terms in convolution integro-differential equations in a Banach space
Authors: Lorenzi Alfredo , Mola Gianluca 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
We consider the following identification problems in a general Banach space X: find a function u : [0, T] → X and a vector z ∈ X such that the initial-value problems
and
are fulfilled, along with the nonlocal additional condition ∫
[0,T]
u(t)dμ(t) = φ ∈ X, for some probability Borel probability measure μ on the interval [0, T]. Here A : D(A) ⊂ X → X is a (possibly unbounded) closed linear operator, h, k and ƒ are scalar functions and g is a X-valued source term. We recall that the same problem with h = k = 0 has been previously studied by Anikonov and Lorenzi in [J. Inverse Ill-posed Probl. 7: 669–681, 2007], Prilepko, Piskarev and Shaw in [J. Inverse Ill-Posed Probl. 15: 831–851, 2007], and subsequently generalized by Lorenzi and Vrabie in [Discr. Continuous Dynam. Syst., 2011]. Under suitable assumptions on the structural data of the problem, we prove local-in-time existence and uniqueness for the function u, and an explicit representation formula for z depending on u. Also, a continuous dependence of Lipschitz type of the solution (u, z) on the data is provided. Finally, two applications to parabolic integro-differential boundary value problems are considered.
Wear Rate in a Series of Retrieved RP Knee Bearings
Authors: Currier John H. , Mayor Michael B. , Collier John P. , Currier Barbara H. , Van Citters Douglas W. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Rotating platform mobile bearing knees are an appealing approach to the problems of tibial loosening and rotational mal-alignment that are of concern with fixed bearing knees. A potential disadvantage of rotating platform (RP) bearings is ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) wear debris from the large additional backside articular surface that accommodates tibio-femoral rotation. The investigation of a series of 76 rotating platform knees (Sigma® RP, DePuy/J&J, Warsaw, IN) indicates that UHMWPE bearing wear, as measured by change in through-thickness dimension, increases monotonically with time in vivo. Total wear penetration rate is 0.023 mm/year and shows a decreasing trend, though this trend is not statistically significant. The current study results are consistent with the decreasing wear rate previously reported in a series of LCS® RP (DePuy/J&J, Warsaw, IN) knee. This decreasing wear rate stands in contrast to an increasing backside-only wear rate reported in fixed bearing knees. An important contribution of the current study is that it provides a conservative measurement of total wear penetration and penetration rate in one mobile bearing design over time out to&gt;8 years.
A large-scale association analysis of 68 thyroid hormone pathway genes with serum TSH and FT4 levels
Authors: Medici Marco , van der Deure Wendy M , Verbiest Michael , Vermeulen Sita H , Hansen Pia S , Kiemeney Lambertus A , Hermus Ad R M M , Breteler Monique M , Hofman Albert , Hegedüs Laszlo , Kyvik Kirsten Ohm , Heijer Martin den , Uitterlinden André G , Visser Theo J , Peeters Robin P 
Published: March 2011

ObjectiveMinor variation in serum thyroid hormone (TH) levels can have important effects on various clinical endpoints. Although 45–65% of the inter-individual variation in serum TH levels is due to genetic factors, the causative genes are not well established. We therefore studied the effects of genetic variation in 68 TH pathway genes on serum TSH and free thyroxine (FT4) levels.Design and methodsSixty-eight genes (1512 polymorphisms) were studied in relation to serum TSH and FT4levels in 1121 Caucasian subjects. Promising hits (P<0.01) were studied in three independent Caucasian populations (2656 subjects) for confirmation. A meta-analysis of all four studies was performed.ResultsFor TSH, eightPDE8Bpolymorphisms (P=4×10−17) remained significant in the meta-analysis. For FT4, twoDIO1(P=8×10−12) and oneFOXE1(P=0.0003) polymorphisms remained significant in the meta-analysis. Suggestive associations were detected for oneFOXE1(P=0.0028) and threeTHRB(P=0.0045) polymorphisms with TSH, and oneSLC16A10polymorphism (P=0.0110) with FT4, but failed to reach the significant multiple-testing correctedPvalue (P<0.0022 andP<0.0033 respectively).ConclusionsUsing a large-scale association analysis, we replicated previously reported associations with genetic variation inPDE8B,THRB, andDIO1. We demonstrate effects of genetic variation inFOXE1on serum FT4levels, and borderline significant effects on serum TSH levels. A suggestive association of genetic variation inSLC16A10with serum FT4levels was found. These data provide insight into the molecular basis of inter-individual variation in TH serum levels.
Phylogenetic and Functional Characterization of the hAT Transposon Superfamily
Authors: Arensburger Peter , Hice Robert H , Zhou Liqin , Smith Ryan C , Tom Ariane C , Wright Jennifer A , Knapp Joshua , O'Brochta David A , Craig Nancy L , Atkinson Peter W 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Transposons are found in virtually all organisms and play fundamental roles in genome evolution. They can also acquire new functions in the host organism and some have been developed as incisive genetic tools for transformation and mutagenesis. The hAT transposon superfamily contains members from the plant and animal kingdoms, some of which are active when introduced into new host organisms. We have identified two new active hAT transposons, AeBuster1, from the mosquito Aedes aegypti and TcBuster from the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum. Activity of both transposons is illustrated by excision and transposition assays performed in Drosophila melanogaster and Ae. aegypti and by in vitro strand transfer assays. These two active insect transposons are more closely related to the Buster sequences identified in humans than they are to the previously identified active hAT transposons, Ac, Tam3, Tol2, hobo, and Hermes. We therefore reexamined the structural and functional relationships of hAT and hAT-like transposase sequences extracted from genome databases and found that the hAT superfamily is divided into at least two families. This division is supported by a difference in target-site selections generated by active transposons of each family. We name these families the Ac and Buster families after the first identified transposon or transposon-like sequence in each. We find that the recently discovered SPIN transposons of mammals are located within the family of Buster elements.
Heat Avoidance Is Regulated by Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) Channels and a Neuropeptide Signaling Pathway inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Glauser Dominique A , Chen Will C , Agin Rebecca , MacInnis Bronwyn L , Hellman Andrew B , Garrity Paul A , Tan Man-Wah , Goodman Miriam B 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe ability to avoid noxious extremes of hot and cold is critical for survival and depends on thermal nociception. The TRPV subset of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels is heat activated and proposed to be responsible for heat detection in vertebrates and fruit flies. To gain insight into the genetic and neural basis of thermal nociception, we developed assays that quantify noxious heat avoidance in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and used them to investigate the genetic basis of this behavior. First, we screened mutants for 18 TRP channel genes (including all TRPV orthologs) and found only minor defects in heat avoidance in single and selected double and triple mutants, indicating that other genes are involved. Next, we compared two wild isolates of C. elegans that diverge in their threshold for heat avoidance and linked this phenotypic variation to a polymorphism in the neuropeptide receptor gene npr-1. Further analysis revealed that loss of either the NPR-1 receptor or its ligand, FLP-21, increases the threshold for heat avoidance. Cell-specific rescue of npr-1 implicates the interneuron RMG in the circuit regulating heat avoidance. This neuropeptide signaling pathway operates independently of the TRPV genes, osm-9 and ocr-2, since mutants lacking npr-1 and both TRPV channels had more severe defects in heat avoidance than mutants lacking only npr-1 or both osm-9 and ocr-2. Our results show that TRPV channels and the FLP-21/NPR-1 neuropeptide signaling pathway determine the threshold for heat avoidance in C. elegans.
Insect Population Control by Homing Endonuclease-Based Gene Drive: An Evaluation inDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Chan Yuk-Sang , Naujoks Daniel A , Huen David S , Russell Steven 
Published: March 2011

AbstractInsects play a major role as vectors of human disease as well as causing significant agricultural losses. Harnessing the activity of customized homing endonuclease genes (HEGs) has been proposed as a method for spreading deleterious mutations through populations with a view to controlling disease vectors. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of this method in Drosophila melanogaster, utilizing the well-characterized HEG, I-SceI. In particular, we show that high rates of homing can be achieved within spermatogonia and in the female germline. We show that homed constructs continue to exhibit HEG activity in the subsequent generation and that the ectopic homing events required for initiating the strategy occur at an acceptable rate. We conclude that the requirements for successful deployment of a HEG-based gene drive strategy can be satisfied in a model dipteran and that there is a reasonable prospect of the method working in other dipterans. In characterizing the system we measured repair outcomes at the spermatogonial, spermatocyte, and spermatid stages of spermatogenesis. We show that homologous recombination is restricted to spermatogonia and that it immediately ceases when they become primary spermatocytes, indicating that the choice of DNA repair pathway in the Drosophila testis can switch abruptly during differentiation.
Maternal Smoking and Congenital Heart Defects in the Baltimore-Washington Infant Study
Authors: Alverson Clinton J. , Strickland Matthew J. , Gilboa Suzanne M. , Correa Adolfo 
Published: March 2011

OBJECTIVE:
We investigated associations between maternal cigarette smoking during the first trimester and the risk of congenital heart defects (CHDs) among the infants.

METHODS:
The Baltimore-Washington Infant Study was the first population-based case-control study of CHDs conducted in the United States. Case and control infants were enrolled during the period 1981–1989. We excluded mothers with overt pregestational diabetes and case mothers whose infants had noncardiac anomalies (with the exception of atrioventricular septal defects with Down syndrome) from the analysis, which resulted in 2525 case and 3435 control infants. Self-reported first-trimester maternal cigarette consumption was ascertained via an in-person interview after delivery. Associations for 26 different groups of CHDs with maternal cigarette consumption were estimated by using logistic regression models. Odds ratios (ORs) corresponded to a 20-cigarette-per-day increase in consumption.

RESULTS:
We observed statistically significant positive associations between self-reported first-trimester maternal cigarette consumption and the risk of secundum-type atrial septal defects (OR: 1.36 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04–1.78]), right ventricular outflow tract defects (OR: 1.32 [95% CI: 1.06–1.65]), pulmonary valve stenosis (OR: 1.35 [95% CI: 1.05–1.74]), truncus arteriosus (OR: 1.90 [95% CI: 1.04–3.45]), and levo-transposition of the great arteries (OR: 1.79 [95% CI: 1.04–3.10]). A suggestive association was observed for atrioventricular septal defects among infants without Down syndrome (OR: 1.50 [95% CI: 0.99–2.29]).

CONCLUSIONS:
These findings add to the existing body of evidence that implicates first-trimester maternal cigarette smoking as a modest risk factor for select CHD phenotypes.
Role of annealing conditions on the ferromagnetic and dielectric properties of La2NiMnO6
Authors: Sayed Farheen N. , Achary S.N. , Jayakumar O.D. , Deshpande S.K. , Krishna P.S.R. , Chatterjee S. , Ayyub P. , Tyagi A.K. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Beic Investigation of Defects Induced in Cw Beam-Annealed Si
Authors: Sheng N.H. , Mizuta M. , Merz J.L. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTEBIC has been used to investigate the beam-induced damage in As+ -implanted Si subjected to scanned laser or electronbeam annealing. Comparison is made between these annealing techniques; in general, electron-beam annealing is found to give superior results. In addition, several different experiments combining these techniques are described. Samples were pre-annealed prior to laser annealing, using either thermal or electron-beam annealing. Other samples were given a thermal post-anneal after laser-annealing. The effect of these treatments on defect formation is discussed.
Defect-Induced Photoluminescence from Pulsed Laser Annealed Si
Authors: Skolnick M S , Cullis A G , Webber H C 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTLow temperature photoluminescence is used to study damage centers in ion implanted, pulsed laser annealed Si. A number of intense, damage related photoluminescence lines W, G and 13 are observed. It is shown that most of the W (and 13) centers are created by solid phase annealing of implant damage beyond the laser melted region. Peak G, on the other hand, is present in the tail of the implant damage before laser annealing.
Pulsed-Laser Annealing of Ion-Implanted GaAs: Theory and Exeriment
Authors: Wood R. F. , Lowndes Douglas H. , Christie W. H. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTIt is shown that, in the pulsed-laser irradiation of crystalline or lightly damaged GaAs, good agreement is obtained between measured and calculated thresholds for melting, for catastrophic damage due to vaporization, and for the duration of surface melting at various energy densities. Good agreement between theory and experiment is also obtained for dopant profile spreading during pulsed-laser annealing.
Optimization of Pulsed Annealing Techniques for GaAs Integrated Circuits
Authors: Martin G.M. , Mitonneau A , Cathelin M. , Makram-Ebeid S. , Venger C. , Barbier D. , Laugier A. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTOhmic contacts on GaAs were realized by pulse annealing AuGe and AuGe-Ni layers deposited on top of n-type GaAs conducting layers. We used focused and largediameter YAG laser beam pulses (λ =1.06 µm), a large diameter Ruby laser beam pulse (λ = 0.69 µm) and a largediameter electron beam pulse. We tested the electrical quality of the contacts obtained. We also examined the compatibility of the alloying techniques used with theself-alignment technology for IC fabrication. In particular, we tested the quality of Al Schottky diodes and of the boron implanted insulating regions which coexist on the same IC with the ohmic contacts and are subject to the same pulse annealing treatment. The relative merit of the different pulse treatments are discussed.
Cw Argon Ion Laser Annealed B and as Implanted Diodes in Oxide Defined Silicon Devices
Authors: Sedgwick T. O. , Solomon P. M. , Vollmer H. J. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we present detailed reverse leakage data on laser annealed diodes which were formed by implanting 1 × 1013 and 1 × 1014 /cm2 B atoms at 20 keV and by implanting 1× 1014 and 1× 1015/cm2 As atoms at 50 keV into Si. The implant is made into bare Si through oxide windows where 1700Å thermal SiO2 is both the implant mask and the diode edge passivation. The thermal controls were annealed at 900°C for the B and 950°C for the As for 30 minutes. Diode reverse leakage curves versus voltage are reported for devices with variable perimeter to area ratios. The results indicate that B diodes can easily be made with characteristics similar to thermally annealed devices with leakage at 1V in the 10−9 A/cm2 range. For As implanted diodes, the results are mixed. For As implants of 1 × 1014 /cm2 the diodes had leakage currents at 3V in the high 10−9 A/cm2 range. At the 1 × 1015/cm 2 level devices with significantly higher leakage values at high reverse bias were obtained. The leakage and sheet resistance are determined in both cases and an optimum is shown as a function of laser power.
Scanned Electron Beam Annealing of Boron-Implanted Diodes
Authors: Yep T. O. , Fulks R. T. , Powell R. A. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTSuccessful annealing of p+ n arrays fabricated by ion-implantation of 11B (50 keV, 1 × 1014 cm-2) into Si (100 has been performed using a broadly rastered, low-resolution (0.25-inch diameter) electron beam. A complete 2" wafer could be uniformly annealed in ≃20 sec with high electrical activation (>75%) and small dopant redistribution (≃450 Å). Annealing resulted In p+n junctions characterized by low reverse current (≃4 nAcm-2 at 5V reverse bias) and higher carrier lifetime (80 μsec) over the entire 2" wafer. Based on the electrical characteristics of the diodes, we estimate that the electron beam anneal was able to remove ion implantation damage and leave an ordered substrate to a depth of 5.5 m below the layer junction.