bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Invasion characteristics of oral tongue cancer
Authors: Goodman Michael , Liu Lihua , Ward Kevin , Zhang Juanjuan , Almon Lyn , Su Gan , Berglund Lenard , Chen Amy , Sinha Uttam K. , Young John L. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:The 2000 College of American Pathologists (CAP) guidelines recommend that a characterization of carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract, including tongue cancer, should include depth of invasion (DI) and the presence of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) or perineural invasion (PNI).METHODS:This study included patients who were diagnosed with cancer of the oral tongue, who underwent tumor resection, and who were reported to either the Metropolitan Atlanta and Rural Georgia Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry or the Los Angeles SEER registry. The authors assessed the completeness of pathology reporting with respect to the documentation of PNI or LVI and DI. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine factors that influenced reporting while taking into consideration clustering of observations within the hospitals. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses were conducted to examine the impact of tumor invasion characteristics on mortality while controlling for other prognostic factors.RESULTS:DI reporting increased from 13% between 1997 and 1999 to 23% between 2000 and 2004 after the CAP issued its recommendations; whereas mode of invasion (the presence of LVI and/or PNI) reporting for the same period increased from 13% to 38%. The observed increase in reporting was most pronounced in the first 2 years (2000 and 2001) and appeared to decline again afterward. Tumor invasion >3 mm in depth and the presence of PNI were among the strongest predictors of survival in multivariate analyses.CONCLUSIONS:The current results indicated the importance of reporting tumor invasion characteristics for patients diagnosed with cancer of the oral tongue. The findings also underscore the need for continuous monitoring of adherence to the CAP protocol. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Platin‐based exclusive chemotherapy for selected patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx and pharynx
Authors: Holsinger F. Christopher , Lin Heather Y. , Bassot Vincent , Laccourreye Ollivier 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:The current study was conducted to determine the long‐term outcomes of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx and pharynx who were treated with platin‐based exclusive chemotherapy (EC) after they achieved a complete clinical response (CCR) to induction chemotherapy.METHODS:One hundred forty‐two who achieved a CCR after platin‐based induction chemotherapy were treated exclusively with additional chemotherapy, and 98.6% were followed for a minimum of 3 years or until death. Thirty‐five patients had >10 years of follow‐up.RESULTS:The survival rates at 1 year and 5 years were 95.8% and 61.2%, respectively. The main causes of death were metachronous second primary tumors (n = 27) and intercurrent disease (n = 21). Death related to EC was not encountered, and only 2 patients (1.4%) had grade 4 toxicity. In multivariate analysis, primary tumor arising outside the glottic larynx (P = .0001) and a Charlson comorbidity index >1 (P = .0001) were associated with a statistically significant reduction in survival. The 1‐year and 5‐year Kaplan‐Meier local control estimates were 76.1% and 50.7%, respectively. Salvage treatment resulted in an observed final local control rate of 93% that varied from 97.2% in patients who had glottic cancer to 88.7% in patients who had tumor originating from other sites (P = .097). Combined chemotherapy with cisplatin and 5‐fluorouracil (PF) allowed for the successful modulation of local therapy in 54.9% of patients.CONCLUSIONS:For selected patients, EC may provide long‐term, durable disease control. For patients who developed recurrent disease after EC, this approach did not diminish survival and maintained function in the majority of patients. Future work should be directed toward select markers of response to PF chemotherapy with which to identify those patients who are suited optimally for this approach. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Etiology and outcome of extreme leukocytosis in 758 nonhematologic cancer patients
Authors: Granger John M. , Kontoyiannis Dimitrios P. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:To the authors' knowledge, the literature regarding extreme leukocytosis in solid tumor patients is sparse, consisting of a few case reports and small case series.METHODS:A total of 3770 consecutive solid tumor patients with a white blood cell count>40,000/μL were retrospectively identified over a 3‐year period (2005‐2008). Those patients without a secondary cause of their leukocytosis were defined as having a paraneoplastic leukemoid reaction.RESULTS:A total of 758 (20%) patients with solid tumors and extreme leukocytosis were identified. The etiology of the leukocytosis was hematopoietic growth factors in 522 (69%) patients, infection in 112 (15%) patients, high‐dose corticosteroids in 38 (5%) patients, newly diagnosed leukemia in 9 (1%) patients, and paraneoplastic leukemoid reaction in 77 (10%) patients. The patients diagnosed with a paraneoplastic leukemoid reaction typically had neutrophil predominance (96%) and radiographic evidence of metastatic disease (78%), were clinically stable, and had a poor prognosis; 78% either died or were discharged to hospice within 12 weeks of their initial extreme leukocyte count. All of the 8 (10%) patients who survived>1 year received effective antineoplastic therapy.CONCLUSIONS:Infection was an uncommon cause of extreme leukocytosis in patients with solid tumors. Patients with paraneoplastic leukemoid reactions typically were clinically stable despite having large tumor burdens. However, clinical outcomes were poor unless effective antineoplastic treatment was received. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Outcomes of patients with stage III nonsmall cell lung cancer treated with chemotherapy and radiation with and without surgery
Authors: Caglar Hale B. , Baldini Elizabeth H. , Othus Megan , Rabin Michael S. , Bueno Raphael , Sugarbaker David J. , Mentzer Steven J. , Jänne Pasi A. , Johnson Bruce E. , Allen Aaron M. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with improved outcome after treatment for stage III nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC).METHODS:A retrospective review of stage III NSCLC patients treated at who were treated at the Dana‐Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center was done with institutional review board approval. Patients were followed for toxicity, local and distant failure, and overall survival. Multivariate Cox logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with treatment outcome.RESULTS:Between August 2000 and November 2006, 144 patients received concurrent chemoradiation (CRT) for stage III NSCLC. Eighty of 144 patients were men (56%), and the median age was 61 years (range, 33‐81 years). Sixty‐two patients (43%) had stage IIIA NSCLC, and 82 patients (57%) had stage IIIB NSCLC. Radiotherapy (RT) was given concurrently with chemotherapy to all patients; 100 patients (69%) received CRT without surgery, and 44 patients (31%) received with neoadjuvant CRT followed by surgical resection. The median RT dose was 60 grays (Gy) (range, 46‐70 Gy). The median follow‐up was 15 months (range, 3‐64 months), the median potential follow‐up was 37 months (range, 12‐84 months), and the median overall survival was 22 months (95% confidence interval, 15‐28 months). The 1‐year and 2‐year survival rates were 68% and 47%, respectively. Among the 44 patients who underwent resection, the median survival was 61 months, and the 2‐year survival rate was 73%. On multivariate analysis, stage at the time of treatment (stage IIIA vs stage IIIB) and use of surgery were the only factors associated with improved outcome (P = .01 and P = .001, respectively).CONCLUSIONS:In this retrospective series, those patients who were able to undergo resection appeared to have improved outcome after induction CRT. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
p53‐induced RING‐H2 protein, a novel marker for poor survival in hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatic resection
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Min , Yang Lian‐Yue , Guo Lei , Fan Chun , Wu Fan 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Currently, the role of p53‐induced RING‐H2 protein (PIRH2) in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unknown. The objective of this retrospective study was to investigate the expression of PIRH2 and its relation to prognosis in patients with HCC after hepatic resection.METHODS:Reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR, and Western blot analyses were used to detect expression levels of PIRH2 in 30 samples of HCC tissue and paracarcinomatous liver tissue (PCLT) and in 5 samples of normal liver tissue (NL). In addition, immunohistochemical analysis was performed on 122 HCC specimens and follow‐up information data from those patients were reviewed.RESULTS:Both messenger RNA and protein expression levels of PIRH2 were elevated significantly in HCC tissues compared with PCLT and NL tissues. The increased PIRH2 expression was correlated with vein invasion, Edmondson‐Steiner grade, TNM stage, and multiple tumor nodes (P<.05). It is noteworthy that the patients with HCC who had high PIRH2 expression had shorter overall survival and disease‐free survival than the patients who had low PIRH2 expression (median survival, 280 days vs 372 days; P = .0002; median disease‐free survival, 220 days vs 310 days; P = .0016). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that high PIRH2 expression was an independent prognostic factor for patients with HCC (relative risk, 1.792; P = .009).CONCLUSIONS:The current data revealed that increased expression of PIRH2 was correlated with poor survival in patients with HCC, indicating that PIRH2 is a novel prognostic marker for HCC. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Mental status changes after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Chang Grace , Meadows Mary‐Ellen , Orav E. John , Antin Joseph H. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:The growing numbers of survivors of innovative cancer treatments, such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), often report subsequent cognitive difficulties. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare neurocognitive changes in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) or primary myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) after allogeneic HSCT or other therapies.METHODS:In this prospective cohort study, serial evaluations of attention, concentration, memory, mood, and quality of life were used in a consecutive sample of 106 eligible patients who had CML (n = 91) or MDS (n = 15) at enrollment and then 12 months and 18 months after HSCT or other therapy.RESULTS:The 3 evaluations at enrollment, 12 months, and 18 months were completed by 98%, 95%, and 89% of surviving participants, respectively. Among all patients, there was significant improvement in memory over 18 months. For example, the 45 patients who underwent HSCT (42 patients with CML and 3 patients with MDS) compared favorably with the patients who received other treatment on most measures of neuropsychological function, except they had improved mental health (P = .034), worse physical function (P = .049), and more difficulty with coordination and fine motor speed bilaterally (dominant hand, P = .005; nondominant hand, P = .0019). Patients with CML overall had improved phonemic fluency (P = .014).CONCLUSIONS:The current study indicated that time and diagnosis may be important factors when assessing neurocognitive and other changes. Complaints regarding “chemobrain” after HSCT merit further study, because deficits actually may predate the initiation of treatment and subsequently may improve. The study results could reassure prospective HSCT recipients, because HSCT compared favorably with other treatments when mental status side effects were considered. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Immunohistochemical detection of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression in breast carcinomas
Authors: Hanley Krisztina Z. , Birdsong George G. , Cohen Cynthia , Siddiqui Momin T. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) is a rapid and accurate procedure for the detection of breast carcinomas. The evaluation of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) is performed routinely on formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded needle‐core (NC) or excision tissue block (TB) preparations, according to the American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologist guidelines. In this retrospective study, the authors compared expression levels of ER, PR, and HER2 in ethanol‐fixed BC FNA cell block (CB) samples with expression levels in formalin‐fixed NC and TB samples.METHODS:Forty‐one breast carcinoma CB samples with concurrent or subsequent NC and TB samples were identified. Patients who had received neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy were excluded. CB samples initially were fixed in 50% ethanol (4‐12 hours), and this was followed by formalin fixation (minimum, 6 hours). NC samples were placed promptly in formalin for a minimum of 6 hours. Within 4 to 8 hours, TB samples were fixed in formalin for 6 to 48 hours. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) results were also compared.RESULTS:IHC for ER on alcohol‐fixed CB samples had good correlation with NC and TB samples. PR results on TB samples had excellent agreement with NC samples. A higher discordance rate wais observed when PR results were compared between CB samples and NC samples. HER2 detection on ethanol‐fixed CB samples resulted in a higher rate of positive and equivocal staining than NC or TB samples. HER2 IHC on TB samples demonstrated better correlation with FISH results than CB or NC samples.CONCLUSIONS:Alcohol fixation did not affect ER results in breast carcinoma, but it may alter tumor cell PR antigenicity. The authors concluded that CB samples could be used to triage patients for tamoxifen therapy, but they are not reliable for the assessment of HER2 status; therefore, CB results should be correlated with results from NC or TB samples. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
The method of particular solutions for solving scalar wave equations
Authors: Wen P. H. , Chen C. S. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA standard approach for solving 2D scalar wave propagation problems is presented with the use of the method of particular solutions (MPS). Motivated by the method of fundamental solutions for solving homogeneous equations, we propose a similar approach using the MPS for solving linear inhomogeneous differential equations without the need of finding the homogeneous solution. The wave equations are analyzed in the Laplace transformed domain and the Durbin inversion method is used to determine the solutions in the time domain. To demonstrate the effectiveness and simplicity of the new approach, three numerical examples have been given with excellent accuracy. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A standards‐based Grid resource brokering service supporting advance reservations, coallocation, and cross‐Grid interoperability
Authors: Elmroth Erik , Tordsson Johan 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe problem of Grid‐middleware interoperability is addressed by the design and analysis of a feature‐rich, standards‐based framework for all‐to‐all cross‐middleware job submission. The architecture is designed with focus on generality and flexibility and builds on extensive use, internally and externally, of (proposed) Web and Grid services standards such as WSRF, JSDL, GLUE, and WS‐Agreement. The external use provides the foundation for easy integration into specific middlewares, which is performed by the design of a small set of plugins for each middleware. Currently, plugins are provided for integration into Globus Toolkit 4 and NorduGrid/ARC. The internal use of standard formats facilitates customization of the job submission service by replacement of custom components for performing specific well‐defined tasks. Most importantly, this enables the easy replacement of resource selection algorithms by algorithms that address the specific needs of a particular Grid environment and job submission scenario. By default, the service implements a decentralized brokering policy, striving to optimize the performance for the individual user by minimizing the response time for each job submitted. The algorithms in our implementation perform resource selection based on performance predictions, and provide support for advance reservations as well as coallocation of multiple resources for coordinated use. The performance of the system is analyzed with focus on overall service throughput (up to over 250 jobs per min) and individual job submission response time (down to under 1 s). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Discovery of 2‐Naphthoic Acid Monooxygenases by Genome Mining and their Use as Biocatalysts
Authors: Furuya Toshiki , Kino Kuniki 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe large pool of cytochrome P450 (P450) open‐reading frames identified in genome sequences has attracted much attention as a resource for new oxidation biocatalysts. P450 genes were cloned from genome‐sequenced bacteria and coexpressed with putidaredoxin and its reductase genes to provide the redox partners of P450 in Escherichia coli. Whole‐cell assays were performed with 2‐naphthoic acid as a substrate. Hydroxylated naphthoic acid products were rapidly detected with two reagents showing different colors in the presence of the products. Two P450s, CYP199A1 and CYP199A2, were found to hydroxylate the substrate to 7‐ and 8‐hydroxy‐2‐naphthoic acids. The CYP199A1 whole‐cell biocatalyst converted 1 mM 2‐naphthoic acid to 0.27 mM 7‐hydroxy‐2‐naphthoic acid and 0.53 mM 8‐hydroxy‐2‐naphthoic acid. CYP199A2 exhibited similar regioselectivity to CYP199A1. Furthermore, we found that 8‐hydroxy‐2‐naphthoic acid emits near‐white fluorescence when exposed to UV light. These P450s will provide a facile and environmentally friendly synthetic approach to the hydroxynaphthoic acids.
Morphology of Vapor Deposited Polyimides Containing Copper Phthalocyanine
Authors: Green Zachary I. , Chen Xichong , Papastrat Alexander G. , Zou Lijun , Anthamatten Mitchell 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA vapor deposition polymerization technique is applied to grow composite films containing polyimide and copper phthalocyanine (CuPc). Specifically, 4,4′‐oxydianiline and 3,3′,4,4′‐biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride are co‐evaporated in the presence of CuPc. Spectroscopy experiments confirm the formation of polyimide segments and suggest that embedded CuPc molecules have less mobility than pure CuPc films. Electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) studies show that the majority of CuPc initially assumes an amorphous phase. Upon curing, partial crystallization of CuPc occurs, forming small crystals (α phase) that are suspended in a polyimide matrix. These crystals exhibit enhanced thermal stability compared to pure vapor‐deposited CuPc.
Differential expression of TrkB isoforms switches climbing fiber‐Purkinje cell synaptogenesis to selective synapse elimination
Authors: Sherrard Rachel M. , Dixon Kirsty J. , Bakouche Joëlle , Rodger Jenny , Lemaigre‐Dubreuil Yolande , Mariani Jean 
Published: June 2009

AbstractCorrect neural function depends on precisely organized connectivity, which is refined from broader projections through synaptic/collateral elimination. In the rat, olivocerebellar topography is refined by regression of multiple climbing fiber (CF) innervation of Purkinje cells (PC) during the first two postnatal weeks. The molecules that initiate this regression are not fully understood. We assessed the role of cerebellar neurotrophins by examining tropomycin receptor kinase (Trk) receptor expression in the inferior olive and cerebellum between postnatal days (P)3‐7, when CF‐PC innervation changes from synapse formation to selective synapse elimination, and in a denervation‐reinnervation model when synaptogenesis is delayed. Trks A, B, and C are expressed in olivary neurons; although TrkA was not transported to the cerebellum and TrkC was unchanged during innervation and reinnervation, suggesting that neither receptor is involved in CF‐PC synaptogenesis. In contrast, both total and truncated TrkB (TrkB.T) increased in the olive and cerebellum from P4, whereas full‐length and activated phosphorylated TrkB (phospho‐TrkB) decreased from P4‐5. This reveals less TrkB signaling at the onset of CF regression. This expression pattern was reproduced during CF‐PC reinnervation: in the denervated hemicerebellum phospho‐TrkB decreased as CF terminals degenerated, then increased in parallel with the delayed neosynaptogenesis as new CFs reinnervated the denervated hemicerebellum. In the absence of this signaling, CF reinnervation did not develop. Our data reveal that olivocerebellar TrkB activity parallels CF‐PC synaptic formation and stabilization and is required for neosynaptogenesis. Furthermore, TrkB.T expression rises to reduce TrkB signaling and permit synapse elimination. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 2009
Rapid, long‐term labeling of cells in the developing and adult rodent visual cortex using double‐stranded adeno‐associated viral vectors
Authors: Lowery Rebecca L. , Zhang Yu , Kelly Emily A. , Lamantia Cassandra E. , Harvey Brandon K. , Majewska Ania K. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractChronic in vivo imaging studies of the brain require a labeling method that is fast, long‐lasting, efficient, nontoxic, and cell‐type specific. Over the last decade, adeno‐associated virus (AAV) has been used to stably express fluorescent proteins in neurons invivo. However, AAV's main limitation for many studies (such as those of neuronal development) is the necessity of second‐strand DNA synthesis, which delays peak transgene expression. The development of double‐stranded AAV (dsAAV) vectors has overcome this limitation, allowing rapid transgene expression. Here, we have injected different serotypes (1, 2, 6, 7, 8, and 9) of a dsAAV vector carrying the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene into the developing and adult mouse visual cortex and characterized its expression. We observed labeling of both neurons and astrocytes with serotype‐specific tropism. dsAAV‐GFP labeling showed high levels of neuronal GFP expression as early as 2 days postinjection and as long as a month, surpassing conventional AAV's onset of expression and matching its longevity. Neurons labeled with dsAAV‐GFP appeared structurally and electrophysiologically identical to nonlabeled neurons, suggesting that dsAAV‐GFP is neither cytotoxic nor alters normal neuronal function. We also demonstrated that dsAAV‐labeled cells can be imaged with subcellular resolution in vivo over multiple days. We conclude that dsAAV is an excellent vector for rapid labeling and long‐term in vivo imaging studies of astrocytes and neurons on the single cell level within the developing and adult visual cortex. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 2009