bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photoplethysmography-based assessment of varicose vein-related risk factors, exercise health beliefs, and venous refill time in healthcare professionals working in operating rooms and outpatient clinics
Authors: Şirin Gökçe , Karaveli Cakir Selda , Eryiğit Sinem , Toz Hasan , Pirhan Osman , Erpolat Taşabat Semra , Çalişkan İlknur 
Published: June 2024

Bacground Impaired venous return is observed in healthcare professionals who spend long periods standing and sitting. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate varicose vein-related risk factors, exercise health beliefs, and venous refill time in healthcare professionals working in operating rooms and outpatient clinics by photoplethysmography. Method The study sample consisted of 100 healthcare professionals without a diagnosis of peripheral venous insufficiency. Data were collected using a descriptive characteristics form, the Health Belief Model Scale for Exercise, the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire, and photoplethysmography. Result This study found that OR nurses had shorter venous refill times and experienced more pain due to prolonged standing, despite their high health beliefs about exercise. Conclusion Healthcare professionals working in operating rooms should be screened for venous insufficiency and trained regarding the practices to prevent venous insufficiency, such as lying down, elevating legs, and using elastic stockings.
Latent class analysis of migraine associated vestibular-auditory symptoms
Authors: Li Hui , Xu Xiaonuo , Xu Rongjiang , Fan Ping Xiao , Zhou Jiying , Dong Liang 
Published: June 2024

Objective This study aimed to identify the potential subgroups of migraines based on the patterns of migraine associated symptoms, vestibular and auditory symptoms using latent class analysis and to explore their characteristics. Method A total of 555 patients with migraine participated in the study. Symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, photophobia, phonophobia, osmophobia, visual symptoms, vestibular symptoms (dizziness, vertigo), and auditory symptoms (tinnitus, hearing loss, aural fullness) were assessed. Latent class analysis was performed to identify subgroups of migraines. Covariates such as gender, age of migraine onset, frequency of migraine attacks per month, and family history were also considered. Results The analysis revealed four latent classes: the Prominent Vestibular; Prominent Nausea; Presenting Symptoms but not prominent or dominant; and Sensory Hypersensitivity groups. Various covariates, such as gender, age of migraine onset, and frequency of migraine attacks, demonstrated significant differences among the four groups. The Sensory Hypersensitivity group showed the presence of multiple sensory symptoms, earlier age of migraine onset, and higher proportion of females. The Prominent Vestibular group had the highest probability of dizziness or vertigo but lacked the presence of auditory symptoms. The Prominent Nausea group exhibited prominent nausea. The Presenting Symptoms but not prominent or dominant group comprised individuals with the highest migraine attacks per month and proportion of chronic migraine. Conclusion This study identifies four subgroups of migraines based on the patterns of symptoms. The findings suggest potential different but overlapped mechanisms behind the vestibular and auditory symptoms of migraine. Considering the different patterns of migraine-related symptoms may provide deeper insights for patients’ prognosis and clinical decision-making.
Is preexisting inflamed jaw marrow a “hidden” co-morbidity affecting outcomes of COVID-19 infections? – Clinical comparative study
Authors: Lechner Johann , McMahon Robert E , Bouquot Jerry E , Notter Florian , Schick Fabian 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Exceedingly high levels of the chemokine CCL5/RANTES have been found in fatty degenerated osteonecrotic alveolar bone cavities (FDOJ) and aseptic ischemic osteolysis of the jaw (AIOJ) from toothless regions. Because CCL5/RANTES seems to have a prominent role in creating the COVID-19 “cytokine storm”, some researchers have used the monoclonal antibody Leronlimab to block the CCR5 on inflammatory cells. Objective: Is preexisting FDOJ/AIOJ jaw marrow pathology a “hidden” co-morbidity affecting some COVID-19 infections? To what extent does the chronic CCL5/RANTES expression from preexisting FDOJ/AIOJ areas contribute to the progression of the acute cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients? Methods: Authors report on reducing the COVID-19 “cytokine storm” by treating infected patients through targeting the chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) with Leronlimab and interrupting the activation of CCR5 by high CCL5/RANTES signaling, thus dysregulating the inflammatory phase of the viremia. Surgical removal of FDOJ/AIOJ lesions with high CCL5/RANTES from patients with inflammatory diseases may be classified as a co-morbid disease. Results: Both multiplex analysis of 249 FDOJ/AIOJ bone tissue samples as well as serum levels of CCL5/RANTES displayed exceedingly high levels in both specimens. Discussion: By the results the authors hypothesize that chronic CCL5/RANTES induction from FDOJ/AIOJ areas may sensitize CCR5 throughout the immune system, thus, enabling it to amplify its response when confronted with the virus. As conventional intraoral radiography does little to assess the quality of the alveolar bone, ultrasonography units are available to help dentists locate the FDOJ/AIOJ lesions in an office setting. Conclusion: The authors propose a new approach to containment of the COVID-19 cytokine storm by a prophylactic focus for future viral-related pandemics, which may be early surgical clean-up of CCL5/RANTES expression sources in the FDOJ/AIOJ areas, thus diminishing a possible pre-sensitization of CCR5. A more complete dental examination includes trans-alveolar ultrasono-graphy (TAU) for hidden FDOJ/AIOJ lesions.
Tracing climate and human-driven erosional activity in the Transylvania lowlands (Central-Eastern Europe) during the Holocene
Authors: Hutchinson Simon M , Haliuc Aritina , Feurdean Angelica 
Published: June 2024

Erosion is a complex geomorphological process controlled by climate, soil and vegetation characteristics in addition to land-use. However, the interplay of these drivers is not fully understood. Here we present a 11.8 ka multi-proxy record of geochemical, mineral magnetic and grain size analyses from Lake Stiucii, in the Transylvania lowlands (CE Europe) documenting past erosional activity and the drivers of landscape change. We identify three major phases in the site’s development. The first, a lacustrine phase (11.8–10.9 cal ka BP), is characterised by open water conditions with significant river inflow and depicts a period of greater erosion under a less developed catchment vegetation cover. Between 10.9 and 4.6 cal ka BP, the lake became a wetland characterised by shallow water with a reduced drainage network under warmer climate and/or reduced rainfall. From 4.6 cal ka BP, a second lacustrine phase developed driven by enhanced stream flow and sediment input subsequently accelerated by land use change. On a millennial scale, the two significant changes in the lake-catchment system and erosion regime at 10.9 and 4.6 cal ka BP may reflect a response to fluctuations in large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns. The eight short-term erosional events identified at 10.6, 7.8 cal ka BP, between 4.4–4.1, 3.5, 3.0–2.5, 1.9, 1.5, 1.1–0.8 cal ka BP, overlap well-known climate events. However, from 4.6 cal ka BP the climate-landscape relationship is amplified by rising anthropogenic impacts. Our data provide critical information on the paleoenvironmental evolution of CE Europe’s lowlands and facilitate discussion of the effects of millennial and centennial climatic shifts as expressed in the local environment.
Does fear of compassion effect nurses’ caring behaviours? a cross-sectional study
Authors: Takmak Şenay , Karaçar Yeliz 
Published: June 2024

Aims The aim of this study is to determine the levels of nurses’ fear of compassion for others, fear of compassion from others, and fear of self-compassion and to examine the effect of fear of compassion on caring behaviors. Design A cross-sectional, quantitative design was used. Participants and research context The study was conducted between October 2022 and April 2023 with 304 nurses working in two public hospitals. Data collection tools were the “Fears of Compassion Scales” and the “Caring Behaviors Inventory.” Data were analyzed using a t test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and stepwise multiple regression model. Ethical considerations Ethics committee approval of the research was obtained from the non-invasive ethics committee of Kütahya Health Sciences University (Reference No: 25.05.2022/2022/06-19). The principles of the Declaration of Helsinki were followed in the study. The purpose of the research was explained to all participants, and their verbal/written informed consent was obtained. Results The mean scores of nurses on fear of compassion for others and from others were at a moderate level, and their scores on fear of self-compassion were close to a moderate level. It was found that the level of nurses’ fear of compassion was related to their sociodemographic and professional variables. Fear of self-compassion, fear of compassion for others, and fear of compassion from others explained 33.5% of the total variance in caring behaviors. Conclusions Nurses’ caring behaviors were shown to be more associated with fear of self-compassion than fear of compassion for others. Fear of compassion may be one of the barriers to compassionate care. Interventions that will reduce nurses’ fear of compassion may be one way to provide compassionate care. It is recommended to conduct awareness studies on self-compassion and accepting compassion from others in nurses.
Tea and coffee consumption and risk of acute stroke: The INTERSTROKE Study
Authors: Smyth Andrew , Hankey Graeme J , Langhorne Peter , Reddin Catriona , Ryglewicz Danuta , Rosengren Annika , Xavier Dennis , Canavan Michelle , Oveisgharan Shahram , Wang Xingyu , Jaramillo Patricio Lopez , Damasceno Albertino , Czlonkowska Anna , Iversen Helle Klingenberg , Lanas Fernando , Yusuf Salim , O’Donnell Martin 
Published: June 2024

Background: Stroke is a leading global cause of death and disability. Daily tea/coffee intake is consumed by > 50% of populations and may represent an important population-level exposure. Therefore, it is first essential that we better understand the associations between the tea/coffee intake and stroke. Aims: This research aims to generate hypotheses about the global associations between tea and coffee intake and stroke. These insights will identify interventions for stroke prevention that can be further explored using alternative study designs. Methods: INTERSTROKE is a large international matched case–control study of first stroke from 32 countries. Participants were asked “how many cups do you drink each day?” of coffee, green tea, black tea, and other tea. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between intake and stroke. Results: We included 13,462 cases and 13,488 controls from INTERSTROKE; mean age was 61.7 (13.4) years and 59.6% (n = 16,010) were male. Overall, 19.4% (n = 5239) did not consume tea/coffee, 47.0% (n = 12,666) consumed tea only, 14.9% (n = 4024) consumed coffee alone, and 18.6% (n = 5021) consumed both, with significant regional variations. After multivariable adjustment, there was no association between low/moderate coffee intake and stroke, but high consumption (> 4/day) was associated with higher odds of all stroke (OR = 1.37 (95% CI = 1.06–1.77)) or ischemic stroke (OR = 1.32 (95% CI = 1.00–1.74)). Tea consumption was associated with lower odds of all (OR = 0.81 (95% CI = 0.69–0.94) for highest intake) or ischemic stroke (OR = 0.81 (95% CI = 0.68–0.98) for highest intake). Conclusions: High coffee consumption was associated with higher odds of all or ischemic stroke; low–moderate coffee had no association with stroke. In contrast, tea consumption was associated with lower odds of stroke. These associations suggest that individuals consider avoiding high coffee consumption (⩾ five cups/day) to impact future stroke risk. Data Access Statement: The design and rationale of INTERSTROKE was published previously. Individual participant data, or other documents are not available.
Cortical Venous Thrombosis Caused by Venous Compression by Arachnoid Cyst
Authors: Jones Andrea A. , Peacock Dakota J. S. J. , Guest William , Wilson Laura K. , Zhou Lily W. 
Published: June 2024

Clinical Problem Identification, work-up and treatment approach of isolated cortical venous thrombosis (ICVT) in the absence of traditional risk factors. Case Presentation A 66-year-old previously well male presenting with two episodes of left-sided spreading sensory symptoms, found to be secondary to ICVT from extrinsic compression by an arachnoid cyst. Key Teaching Points Early identification of structural abnormalities causing extrinsic venous compression and ICVT or cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is important for alternative treatment options and to avoid unnecessary testing.
Assessing the information provided regarding oral cancer by dental practice websites within the Greater Manchester area
Authors: Patel Roshni , Sainuddin Sajid 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: With increasing numbers of oral cancer diagnoses and guidance recommending that patients approach their doctors or dentists for assessments, when searching for information regarding mouth cancer, patients may first look to their dental practice website. This study aimed to evaluate the variance of patient information provided regarding oral cancer on dental practice websites. Materials and methods: Dental practices within the Manchester area with an active website were included with assessment of whether there was any information provided regarding reducing oral cancer risk factors, signs to look out for and if oral cancer screening was included as part of the general check-up, using a three-point score based on the joint statement from the British and Irish Society for Oral Medicine (BISOM) and Cancer Research UK (CRUK) regarding oral cancer diagnosis and prevention. Results: In total, 66.6% (n=60) of practices provided no accessible information regarding oral cancer screening and prevention on their websites. Only 12.2% (n=11) discussed all three factors of oral screening, symptoms and reducing risk factors. Screening as part of routine examination was most frequently mentioned at 27% (n=24), risk factors were discussed by 23% (n=21) of practices and symptoms to be aware of by 13% (n=12). Discussion: There is a lack of information available to patients on dental practice websites regarding oral cancer. To overcome lack of quality assurance on the internet, dentists can provide factual information via their dental practice websites. This could help with improving patient awareness and therefore aiding in early detection, improving patient outcomes.
Silver modified atraumatic restorative treatment: a paradigm shift in dental caries management
Authors: Hegde Damodar , Suprabha Baranya Shrikrishna , Rao Arathi 
Published: June 2024

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) are treatment modalities that are minimally invasive and used for the prevention and control of dental caries. The amalgamation of these two techniques has led to the development of silver modified atraumatic restorative treatment (SMART). In this approach the carious lesion is restored with glass-ionomer cement (GIC) after SDF application. SMART effectively arrests caries without removing additional tooth structure, making it a promising option for caries management in children who lack cooperative ability. This article reviews the literature on SMART, the evidence regarding its applications in dental practice, its advantages, drawbacks, the scope for research, and clinical use.
Factors Associated With Reporting Attitudes of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Direct Care Workers in South Korea
Authors: Kyung MinJung , Lee Soo-Jeong , Wagner Laura M. , Harris-Adamson Carisa , Hong OiSaeng 
Published: June 2024

Background: Workers’ reporting of work-related injuries or illnesses is important for treatment and prevention, yet research often focuses on reporting barriers. This study aimed to identify factors related to work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WRMSD) reporting attitudes and their connection to reporting intention and behavior. Methods: We analyzed data from 377 direct care workers employed in 19 long-term care facilities in South Korea. A self-administered questionnaire collected demographics, job characteristics, physical and psychosocial factors, musculoskeletal symptoms, reporting attitudes, and WRMSD reporting intentions and behavior between May and August 2022. We used a generalized linear mixed model with a random intercept by employers to identify factors influencing reporting attitudes. To explore the relationship between reporting attitude and reporting intention and behavior, simple logistic regression was also conducted. Results: We achieved an 86% response rate. The majority of the study participants were female (87.2%), married (95.9%), and non-immigrant (72.8%). Of the study participants, 48.9% had no intention to report WRMSDs, and 44.3% held negative reporting attitudes. Among 200 workers with WRMSDs, 86.5% did not report them. Attitudes were associated with work duration, safety training, management safety priority, WRMSD experience, and symptom severity and frequency. Management safety priority did not moderate this relationship. Significant links existed between attitudes and reporting intention and behavior. Conclusions/Applications to Practice: This study highlights the vital influence of workers' attitudes on reporting work-related injuries and illnesses. Occupational health providers should employ strategies, such as tailored safety training and management commitment, with a focus on addressing the unique needs of long-tenured and musculoskeletal-exposed workers. Fostering a safety culture that promotes open and timely reporting is crucial, and implementing these strategies can significantly enhance workplace safety and health.
‘We are willing, but we have challenges’: Qualitative enquiry on midwives’ views on factors influencing the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B program
Authors: Mumuni Atoko Adiza , Naab Florence , Adjei Charles Ampong , Senoo-Dogbey Vivian Efua 
Published: June 2024

Introduction Mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B infection is one of the major routes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Africa. Amusingly, Africa is the only region yet to meet the World Health Organization's target of reducing the prevalence of HBV infection to less than 1% among children under 5 years of age by 2020. In Ghana, little has been documented about midwives’ views on the factors impacting the successful implementation of mother-to-child transmission via HBV prevention programs. Objective This study explored midwives’ views on the challenges associated with the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HBV infection in the La-Nkwantanang municipality. Methods The study adopted an exploratory descriptive qualitative design and involved 14 midwives who were purposively recruited from a primary-level health facility in the La-Nkwantanang Municipality, Accra. Individual face-to-face interviews were conducted using an in-depth interview guide. The data were content analyzed using the six steps recommended by Braun and Clark. Results Three main themes, namely, health professional or midwife factors and patient and health facility factors, negatively impacted the prevention of maternal-to-child transmission program. The five subthemes identified in this study included lack of awareness, financial constraints, and unavailability of logistics and protocols. The study recognized that midwives face many challenges even though they have a strong desire to prevent vertical transmission of HBV. Conclusion The implementation of a mother-to-child transmission program is negatively impacted by many intrinsic, client, and health facility factors. Midwives who act as major stakeholders need to be periodically trained on the components and protocols for managing pregnant women living with HBV. The necessary logistics and management protocols need to be urgently provided. The skills and education obtained from the training will empower midwives to be knowledgeable about how to deliver quality care and provide education and support for HBV-infected pregnant women. The provision of logistics needed for the successful implementation of the program could avert delays associated with the administration of the hepatitis B birth dose vaccine and immunoglobulin to exposed newborns.
Work Systems Factors Associated With Burnout in Sonographers Working in the United States and Canada
Authors: Walsh Ryan J. , Evans Kevin D. , Sommerich Carolyn M. , Roll Shawn C. 
Published: June 2024

Objective: Burnout in sonographers is a prevalent and complex professional hazard associated with poorer quality of work life, productivity, and patient outcomes. This study aimed to understand the prevalence of and work systems factors associated with burnout among a large sample of sonographers. Materials and Methods: Research study registry participants (n = 3659) were invited to complete a follow-up survey about personal and work environment factors, including work hours, break time, coworker and supervisor support, and job satisfaction, overall health, and sleep quality. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory assessed personal, work-related, and client burnout. Simple and multiple linear regressions were used to identify work systems factors associated with burnout. Results: Of 1389 respondents, over half reported moderate-to-severe personal and work-related burnout, while one-quarter reported moderate-to-severe client burnout. Higher work-related burnout was associated with younger age, working in the Western United States, working full-time, taking fewer weekly break hours, poorer overall health and sleep quality, and lower supervisor support and job satisfaction. Client burnout was associated with poorer sleep quality and lower job satisfaction. Conclusion: Burnout was prevalent in a large sample of sonographers. Multilevel work systems factors are associated with burnout, suggesting collaboration among sonographers, administrators, and organizations is needed to address burnout.
Exploring the Relationship of Cognitive and Motivational Factors to Sonography Student Performance
Authors: Hathaway Renee B. , Bruning Roger H. 
Published: June 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to explore the cognitive and motivational challenges sonography students encounter by examining the relationships between sonography students’ levels of self-regulation and self-efficacy and their performance in a 16-week introductory vascular sonography skills laboratory course. Materials and Methods: Measures for the study were designed to yield qualitative and quantitative data related to student goals, strategies, and course performance and were generated by both students and faculty. Qualitative data from the study included student self-reports of self-regulatory strategies and instructor evaluations of student performance, while quantitative data were provided by instructor and student ratings of performance, student self-efficacy ratings, and student reports on their use of deliberate practice. Results: The data showed that many students learning how to perform sonographic examinations encountered motivational challenges that appeared to be tied both to their self-efficacy and their ability to effectively use self-regulatory activities. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest possibilities for improving sonography’s curricular models and teaching strategies toward the goal of making sonography instruction more efficient and effective.