bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological and Biochemical Studies on Cultured Human Granulosa Cells
Authors: Fukushima Michio , Tanaka Shoichi , Sato Takuhiro , Hashimoto Masayoshi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractGranulosa cells were obtained from human ovarian follicles.In cultured granulosa cells obtained from large follicles clear‐cut ultrastructural features of steroid secreting cells were not observed due to the paucity of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. This is in keeping with their low progesterone secretion rate as measured by the RIA method and seems to indicate an early stage of luteinization.In cultured granulosa cells obtained from small follicles, oil‐red‐O‐stained lipid droplets were observed mostly in stromal cell layers, while in large follicles under light microscopy these were located in the granulosa cell layers. These lipid droplets may play an important role in progesterone production, but the amount of lipid clearly does not always reflect active hormone secretion, since the above results indicated low progesterone secretion.Numerous intracellular microfilaments were seen under electron microscopy in cultured granulosa cells obtained from large follicles over a 3‐day period. During this same time, progesterone production increased, and then decreased gradually.The microfilaments in granulosa cells may, therefore, be related to progesterone production.
Acardiac Anomalies: Review of 88 Cases in Japan
Authors: Sato Taiichi , Kaneko Kou , Konuma Seiichi , Sato Ikuo , Tamada Taro 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA case of acardius holosomus holocranius is presented. Ultrasound examinations, feto‐amniography, and analysis of the amniotic fluid and the cystic fluid were performed.In addition, 88 cases of acardiac anomalies born in Japan were collected by reviewing the autopsy records of major institutes and literatures. Classification, incidence, epidemiology, diagnosis, management and etiology of this condition are discussed.
Prophylactic Administration of Tinidazole in Major Gynaecological Surgery
Authors: Chowdhury T. A. , Huq Farida , Ali Sarwar 
Published: August 2010

AbstractPost‐operative infective complications implicating anaerobes following gynaecological surgery have common occurrences. A randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled prophylactic study was carried out with 2 gm single oral dose of newer nitroimidazole ‐ tinidazole in 34 cases of hysterectomy and Fothergill's operation. Significantly lesser number of tinidazole treated cases had post‐operative infective complications and anaerobes isolated in vaginal swab. Single oral dose of tinidazole appears to be an effective and convenient alternative in prophylaxis of major gynaecological surgery.
Gonadoblastoma‐Dysgerminoma in Streak Ovaries in a 46 XY Individual
Authors: Grover Vimal , Burman Sudeshna Deb , Devi Kali Rama , Gupta Subhash , Dhall Kamala 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA case of bilateral gonadoblastoma overgrown with dysgermi‐noma on one side in streak ovaries in a phenotypic female with a chromosomal XY pattern has been presented. The neoplastic potential of dysgenetic gonads in an individual with a Y chromosome has been reviewed and the need therefore for complete bilateral gonadectomy in such cases has been stressed upon. The hormonal activity of these tumors has also been discussed.
Laparoscopic Removal of Displaced Intra Uterine Devices
Authors: Lype Elizabeth , Nair V. Rajasekharan , Rajammal MBBS, DGO  
Published: August 2010

AbstractDisplaced IUD in peritoneal cavity require removal in majority of cases. We have come across seven such cases in a two year period and laparoscopic removal was done successfully in all but one case. The method offers a simple alternative to laparotomy where facilities exists from laparoscopy.
Termination of Midtrimester Pregnancies with Extraovular 0.1% Ethacridine Lactate. Accurate Method for Estimation of Blood Loss. Role of Spartein Sulfate
Authors: Laul Ravi M. , Mahale Arun R. , Bhattacharya Prabha R. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSixty cases of midtrimester abortions with extraovular 0.1% ethacridine lactate alone were studied. Blood loss during and after abortion was calculated measuring alkaline haematin as reported by Shaw et al.7) Its success rate was compared with another study of 90 cases in which 0.1 % ethacridine lactate with spartein sulfate was used. Where ethacridine lactate alone was used 41.66% cases aborted in 24 hours and 83.3% in 48 hours with mean induction abortion interval of 27 hours 18 minutes. While in other group 44.4% aborted in 24 hours and 84.56% in 48 hours with mean induction abortion interval of 28 hours 30 minutes. Extraovular ethacridine lactate instillation was found to be a safe and efficient midtrimester abortifacient. Spartein sulfate has a minimal role in reducing the induction‐abortion interval.
Intramuscular Administration of 15(S) Methyl Prostaglandins F2 Alpha for Midtrimester Abortion
Authors: Sakunthala G. , Renganathan S. , Ramamurthy A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe termination of midtrimester pregnancy has been a problem for obstetricians until recently. Intrauterine insertion of bougies or instillation of hypertonic solutions or other substances can cause serious complications and are slow to act with limited efficacy. A prostaglandin analogue 15(S) methyl F2 alpha was studied by intramuscular administration for termination of midtrimester pregnancy in twenty‐five healthy pregnant women. The clinical efficacy, safety and side effects were observed and evaluated.
Intrathecal Morphine for Postoperative Pain Relief
Authors: Huang Hung June , Ishimaru Tadayuki , Yamabe Tooru 
Published: August 2010

SummaryWe injected 0.1 to 3 mg of morphine and atropine morphine added to 0.3% dibucaine solution into the lumbar subarachnoid space of 101 patients for supplementary intraoperative anesthesia and postoperative analgesia. Pain relief occurred within 20 to 40 minutes after injection and lasted 6 to 59 hours, with a mean duration of 25 hours, in 65 patients; the remaining 36 patients obtained unlimited pain relief for over 72 hours. However, increasing the intrathecal dose of morphine to 3 mg did not increase the duration of the analgesia.Respiratory depression was observed in 5 patients who had recieved 1.5 to 3 mg of morphine and atropine morphine. Four of these patients developed delayed respiratory depression 5 to 8 hours after the injection, and one developed early respiratory depression 1 hour after the injection. All required treatment.Other systemic side effects such as itching, nausea and vomiting occurred in a high proportion of the patients. However, in the majority of cases, these side effects were mild. A good euphoric mood appeared in 6 patients.Our experience, although limited, is that intrathecal morphine can be simultaneously used with local anesthetics effectively, safely and simply. But the optimal dose has yet been determined, and requires further investigation.
Atypical Basal Body Temperature (BBT) Associated with Ovulation after Dydrogesterone Administration in Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Disease
Authors: Tanaka Toshinobu , Sakuragi Noriaki , Fujimoto Seiichiro , Ichinoe Kihyoe 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAtypical changes in basal body temperature (BBT) charts were observed after dydrogesterone administration in 14 of 20 patients with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) who had had long‐standing amenorrhea and anovulation. In the cycles with an atypical BBT record, ovulation occurred during the withdrawal bleeding induced by dydrogesterone. On the other hand, atypical BBT graphs were not observed when dydrogesterone was given to patients with hypothalamic amenorrhea or those with dysmenorrhea who had regular menses and ovulations. Spontaneous ovulation occurred in 4 of the 13 next cycles, preceded by a dydrogesterone‐induced cycle with atypical BBT, and conception did occur in 3 of the 4 next cycles in which spontaneous ovulation was observed. These data suggest that dydrogesterone administration may be of clinical use both in the diagnosis and treatment of PCOD.
The Influence of Long‐Term Administration of Terbutaline on the Disaturated Phosphatidyl‐choline Concentration of Fetal Lung Tissue and Amniotic Fluid in Pregnant Rabbits
Authors: Higuchi Motokazu , Hirano Hideto , Maki Masahiro 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTerbutaline (40 μg/kg) was given intramuscularly to pregnant rabbits three times daily from the 23rd day of gestation until the 26th to 30th days, when the fetuses were delivered by cesarean section. The wet lung weight/body weight ratio of fetuses significantly decreased in the terbutaline‐treated group on the 27th and 28th days as compared with the control. The concentration of disaturated phosphatidyl‐choline (DSPC) of fetal lung tissue significantly increased only on the 29th and 30th days of gestation, which corresponded to the 7th and 8th days after the administration of terbutaline. However, a significant increase of the DSPC concentration in amniotic fluid had already occurred from the 26th day. These findings indicate that terbutaline accelerates the lung surfactant release, but does not primarily stimulate the synthesis of lung surfactant. The acceleration can be achieved only by long‐term administration of terbutaline. As this drug is able to dehydrate the fetal lung tissue by reducing the lung fluid, it might contribute to the stabilization of pulmonary respiration after birth.
Study on Plasma Prolactin and Immunoreactive‐Prolactin Released from Decidua in Normal Pregnancy and Abortion
Authors: Kubota Toshiro , Suzuki Akira , Yaoi Yoshimasa , Kumasaka Takahiro , Saito Motoi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe investigated plasma prolactin (PRL) and immunoreactive‐PRL (IR‐PRL) released from decidua in vitro both in normal pregnancy and in inevitable abortion at 5 to 14 weeks of gestation. The plasma PRL level of normal cases in early pregnancy was 28.7 ± 2.1 ng/ml and that of abortion was 17.4 ± 1.9 ng/ml. The decidual PRL level of 23 normal cases was 320.1 ± 37.5 ng/100mg wet weight (w w) during 90‐minute incubation and that of 11 abortive cases was 259.8 ± 59.1 ng/100mg w w, lower than that of normal cases, but not significantly. The gel filtration pattern of decidual PRL by column chromatography was more similar to amniotic fluid PRL than to maternal plasma PRL.These results suggest that there is little interaction between decidual and pituitary PRL, and between decidual PRL and placental function.
Elevated Concentrations of Prolactin, Human Growth Hormone and Human Placental Lactogen in Cord Sera Obtained from Light‐for‐Date Babies Near Term
Authors: Taketani Yuji , Taga Michiyoshi , Minaguchi Hiroshi , Mizuno Masahiko , Sakamoto Shoichi 
Published: August 2010

SummaryThe prolactin levels in maternal and cord sera and in amniotic fluid were determined at term to investigate the physiological roles of prolactin in the developmental processes of the human fetus. Relatively high levels of prolactin in cord sera and in amniotic fluid were obtained in neonates with birth weight less than 2500g (low‐birth‐weight). In contrast, lower prolactin levels in amniotic fluid were found in neonates over 3500g. The concentrations of both human growth hormone (hGH) and human placental lactogen (hPL) in cord sera from low‐birth‐weight babies were also elevated. These data suggest that observed increased levels of prolactin as well as hGH and hPL may have some relevance to the pathophysiology of the low‐birth‐weight baby.
An Analysis of Ethnic Differences in Perinatal Statistics in Singapore
Authors: Viegas Osbom A.C. , Huang Heng Siaw , Ratnam S.S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe 8989 mothers delivered in the University Unit of Kandang Kerbau Hospital, Singapore in 1982 were analysed for their ethnic origins. Perinatal mortality rate was greatest amongst the Malay (Chinese 13.8/1000 cf, Malay 16.9/1000 cf, Indian 15.5/1000 when all deaths in infants weighing ?500g were considered).Reasons for differences in birthweight and perinatal performance have been discussed.There was a higher incidence of teenage pregnancy and grand multiparity amongst the Malays. Whilst much of the low birth‐weight within the Malay group may be accounted for by their shorter stature and increased incidence of pre‐term delivery, the cause for growth failure amongst the Indians was more difficult to establish.Chinese mothers made more use of antenatal facilities available. There was a low incidence of congenital abnormalities overall but the Malay female infant and Indian male appeared more vulnerable to poor intrauterine growth and perinatal death.From these findings, it is apparent that ethnic origin of the mother has an important bearing on perinatal performance. It is only by carefully identifying the various “risk factors” in the population that we can hope to institute appropriate therapies and so improve perinatal health.
Prenatal Diagnosis and Obstetric Management of Thanatophoric Dwarfism
Authors: Ghosh A. , Woo J.S.K , Tang L.C.H , Tang G.W.K , Wong V.C.W 
Published: August 2010

AbstractPrenatal diagnosis of Thanatophoric Dwarfism by ultrasonography was made at 36 weeks in a pregnancy complicated by polyhydramnios. The diagnosis was based on the evidence of extremely short and deformed limbs, a narrow thorax relative to the abdomen and a degree of hydrocephalus. Progressive hydrocephalus as evidenced by repeated ultrasonography influenced subsequent obstetric management in this patient. Since polyhydramnios is commonly associated with fetal skeletal dysplasia, scanning of limb lengths and limb abnormalities should therefore be an essential part of a obstetric ultrasound examination when this complication is suspected.
Mixed Ovarian Germ Cell Tumor in 46, X,+mar Turner's Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Sekiya S. , Iwasawa H. , Inaba N. , Naito M. , Takamizawa H. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA case of gonadal dysgenesis in a patient with 46, X, +mar genotype associated with mixed ovarian germ cell tumors composed of immature teratoma and endodermal sinus tumor is reported. The presence of the Y marker chromosome was not confirmed by quinacrine fluorescence staining or from the clinical findings.
Induction of Ovulation with Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin
Authors: Ho Pak‐Chung , Tang Lawrence C.H. , Tang Grace W.K. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThirty eight patients were treated in 135 treatment cycles with human menopausal gonadotrophin for induction of ovulation in Hong Kong University Gynaecological Unit since 1975. In 1975 to 1980, patients were monitored by vaginal cytology and cervical mucus everyday and plasma oestradiol on alternate days. The pregnancy rate was 52%. The multiple pregnancy rate was 31% and 10% of patients developed moderate or severe ovarian hyperstimulation. In 1981 to 1982, the patients were monitored with daily total urinary oestrogens. The pregnancy rate was 77%. The multiple pregnancy rate was 8% and none of the patients had moderate or severe ovarian hyperstimulation. The improvement in results was attributed to the daily biochemical monitoring.
Sonographic Differential Diagnosis of Pelvic Masses Complicating Pregnancy
Authors: Woo J.S.K. , Wan C.W. , Ghosh A. , Liang S.T. , Tang L.C.H. , Wong V.C.W. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe summary of 12 patients who had a pelvic mass diagnosed by sonography during pregnancy was presented. The pelvic patho logies included serous cystadenoma, dermoid cyst, endometriotic cyst of the ovary, cervical and uterine leiomyoma, malignant tumour of the cervix, bicornuate uterus, ectopic kidney and psoas abscess. The value and pitfalls of sonography in the evaluation of these conditions in a pregnant patient were discussed. One patient with uterine leiomyoma was incorrectly diagnosed as a dermoid cyst. In 2 patients where a cystic mass in the Pouch of Douglas was demonstrated by sonography, their presence could not be confirmed during subsequent laparotomy. Pelvic varicocoele was diagnosed in one case and in the other, no significant pelvic pathology was found. All 3 patients had unnecessary laparotomy. It was concluded that while sonography is extremely helpful in identifying and differentiating pelvic masses occurring during pregnancy, the diagnostic pitfalls of the investigation must be fully recognized. Careful correlation with other clinical information is also mandatory before decision on operative intervention.
Termination of Pregnancy by a Slow Release Device Containing 16, 16‐Dimethyl‐Trans‐Δ2 PGE Methyl Ester
Authors: Bygdeman M. , Christensen N.J. , Dimov V. , Green K. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractRepeated administration is generally necessary to terminate pregnancy with the last generation of E analogues now in increasing use. In the present study degree of absorption, effect on uterine contractility, and clinical efficacy of a new slow release vaginal device containing between 0.75 to 2.0 mg 16,16‐dimethyl‐trans‐Δ2 PGE1 methyl ester is described. The study included 26 late second trimester patients (15th to 24th week) and 22 early second trimester patients (12th to 14th week) admitted to the hospital for termination of pregnancy. The former group of patients was treated with one medium size laminaria tent followed 12 hours later by either 1.5, 1.75, or 2.0 mg of the analogue. The early second trimester patients received 0.75, 1.0, or 1.25mg of the analogue and 12 hours later vacuum aspiration was performed. Irrespective of the administered dose a maximum plasma level around 400 pg/ml was reached after four hours. The duration of elevated plasma levels was, however, longer with the device containing 1.5 or 2.0 mg in comparison with that containing 0.75 mg. The development of uterine contractility was in accordance with the plasma levels. In the late second trimester patients the three dose levels were equally effective. Twenty‐one out of 26 patients aborted within 18 hours following the start of prostaglandin treatment. The effect on cervical dilatation in the early second trimester patients was dose dependent. The highest dose, 1.25 mg, had the drawback of a higher frequency of abortions prior to scheduled time for vacuum aspiration and gastrointestinal side effects. To this group of patients a 1.0 mg device seemed most suitable. The only side effects observed were vomiting and diarrhea, which occurred in approximately one third of the patients. The degree of gastrointestinal side effects was much lower than that generally reported for classical prostaglandins but also for F analogues.
Adenomatoid Tumor of the Uterus: A Light and Electron Microscopic Study of Two Cases
Authors: Konishi Ikuo , Fujii Shingo , Mori Takahide 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTwo cases of adenomatoid tumors of the uterus were studied by light and electron microscopy. Light microscopy revealed that the lesions consisted of two distinct histologic components, one glandular and the other plexiform. The glandular areas contained various sized lumina that were lined by a single layer of cuboidal cells, and the plexiform portions were comprised of spindle‐shaped cells in solid cords. Ultrastructurally, the glandular tissue consisted of mesothelial‐like cells which were characterized by numerous microvilli, desmosomes, and basal lamina. The mesenchymal‐like cells in the plexiform areas also had microvilli, however in this material the microvilli protruded toward the surrounding stroma. These latter cells were observed solitarily or in groups with narrow intercellular spaces. These electron microscopic findings suggested a biphasic nature of adenomatoid tumors, epithelial and mesenchymal. In addition, we observed spindle‐shaped cells which may have been undergoing a transition from mesenchymal‐like cells into mesothelial‐like cells in the mingled forms of both the glandular and plexiform components. This finding may imply that mesenchymal cells possibly differentiate into mesothelial‐like cells in adenomatoid tumors.
Metabolic Effects of Ritodrine Hydrochloride in the Pregnant Sheep
Authors: Akahane Masuo , Fujimoto Seiichiro , Uzuki Katsuya , Inagawa Akira , Sakai Keiichiro , Ichinoe Kihyoe 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe effects of ritodrine hydrochloride on maternal and fetal arterial blood pH and pCO2, plasma electrolytes and maternal plasma glucose and free fatty acid levels were investigated in the third‐trimester pregnant sheep. Ritodrine produced a slight fall in the maternal and fetal arterial pH without changes in the arterial pC02. The pH values were, however, within a normal range. Increases in the maternal plasma glucose and free fatty acid levels were also observed. Although maternal and fetal plasma sodium and chloride concentrations did not change, the potassium decreased in a dose‐dependent manner both in the ewe and in the fetus following sequential ritodrine infusion. Constant infusion of ritodrine (3 mcg/kg/min), which is a sufficient dose to inhibit uterine contractions, also resulted in a significant decrease in the maternal plasma potassium concentration.It appears to be necessary to give attention to the metabolic effects of ritodrine in long‐term therapy of premature labor.
The Pattern and Attitude of Nigerian Women in Benin City towards Female Sterilisation
Authors: Omu A. E. , Unuigbe J. A. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryAll the cases of female sterilisation at the maternity unit of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria, between January 1974 and December 1981 are analysed. There were a total of 248 sterilisation out of 19,905 deliveries, an incidence of 1 in 80 or 1.25%. There were 176 voluntary sterilisations out of 3,256 grand multipara, an incidence of 1 in 18 or 5.6%. To find out the background of the practice level, 560 grandmultipara were interviewed about their attitude towards female sterilisation. Reasons for the low acceptance level included desire for more children, permanent nature of the procedure, opposition from relations, blockage of tubes at reincarnation, fetal wastage and religious opposition.
Characteristics of Induced Labour
Authors: Gibb D. M. F. , Arulkumaran S. , Heng S. H. , Ratnam S. S. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryThe features of labour and delivery were studied in 1057 consecutive cases of induced labour in the University Unit, Kandang Kerbau Hospital, Singapore. The rate of induction was 9.8%. Six hundred and seventy‐three (63.7%) had normal vaginal deliveries, 174 (16.5%) were delivered by caesarean section and 209 (19.8%) had instrumental vaginal delivery. The mean gestational age was 40.1 weeks with 13 cases being induced at less than 37 completed weeks.Five hundred and fifty nine patients were nulliparae and 498 multiparae. The mean modified Bishop's score was 5.8 in nulliparae and 6.3 in multiparae. The mean length of the first stage of labour was 8.1 hours in nulliparae and 4.5 hours in multiparae. The mean maximum dose of oxytocin was 17.8 milliunits per minute in nulliparae and 13.2 milliunits per minute in multiparae.The caesarean section rate was 24.2% in nulliparae and 7.8% in multiparae. 43.7% of the caesarean sections in the nulliparae were ascribed to failed induction of labour and 35.9% in the multiparae.The nulliparae with poor cervical scores required a mean maximum dose of oxytocin of 24.1 milliunits per minute having a mean first stage of labour of 10.8 hours. The emergency caesaren section rate was 64% in this group.The ease with which labour can be induced with a favourable obstetric outcome is dependent on parity and cervical score. Nulliparous patients with a poor cervical score have a high rate of failed induction of labour. In such circumstances induction of labour should be performed where there is objective evidence of fetal compromise.