bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Quickening Life”
Authors: Phelan Joseph 
Published: May 2024

Joseph Phelan, “‘Quickening Life’: Motherhood and the ‘Unborn Child’ in Aurora Leigh and The Ring and the Book” (pp. 1–31)
Both Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Aurora Leigh (1856) and Robert Browning’s The Ring and the Book (1868–69) have at their centers women who become mothers as the result of acts of sexual violence, but who are nevertheless moved to feats of self-sacrifice and even heroism in defense of what the Pope, in The Ring and the Book, calls the “unborn child.” This article examines the representation of attitudes towards the “unborn child” in these poems in the context of changing legal, medical, and social attitudes to abortion and infanticide in the mid-nineteenth century, and argues that their emphasis on the importance of motherhood and what Pompilia in The Ring and the Book refers to as the child’s “right of life” should not, as the dominant critical tradition suggests, be read as an endorsement of patriarchal ideology but as the product of an essentialist view of gender identity that represents gestation and motherhood as radical challenges to the prevailing social order rather than acts of acquiescence in it.
On The Legal Limits and Criminal Procedural Implications of Applying Artificial Intelligence in Corporate Internal Investigations
Authors: Januário Túlio Felippe Xavier 
Published: May 2024

The paper addressed the following questions: how can AI be applied in corporate internal investigations and what are the legal limits for its use? In case of effective application, how can it affect the admissibility and valuation of the information collected from these procedures in an eventual criminal lawsuit? It was demonstrated that, with the expectation of increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of compliance programs, AI has been used in real-time – and often predictive – supervision of employees, as well as in carrying out internal investigations, through, for example, lie detection systems. However, due to the limitations and risks of this technology, its employment must comply with legal parameters and restrictions. Therefore, three categories of restrictions were analyzed: with respect to (i) legal requirements for data processing, we noted that the processing of data to be used as input in those systems must find legal support in one of the hypotheses provided for in Articles 6 and 9(2) of the GDPR. Furthermore, the fundamental principles that substantiate the test of proportionality between the intended purpose and the intervention to be carried out, provided for in Article 5, must be observed. Regarding (ii) possible prohibitions on the use of AI systems in the context of internal investigations, we observed that the use of technologies to control and supervise the work environment must take into account the requirements of legality, shall not affect areas in which employees’ expectations of privacy must prevail, and, lastly, must observe a second test of proportionality, aimed at assessing whether the technology in question is adequate and necessary to achieve the purpose intended with it and whether the rights possibly affected by it should not prevail. About the (iii) limits to the admissibility and valuation of elements of information from internal investigations, we concluded that their admission in criminal proceedings will depend on a new judgment of legality and proportionality. In addition, they may be admitted when presented by the company, in its defence, or by Public Prosecution, provided that a third test of proportionality is observed and that these elements of information are not considered sufficient to substantiate the conviction of any defendant, therefore having probative value similar to elements from state investigation acts.
Vaccine Coverage at 36 Months and 7 Years by Parental Birth Country, Washington State
Authors: Tasslimi Azadeh , Bell Teal R. , Moore Tyler P. , DeBolt Charla , Ibrahim Anisa , Matheson Jasmine 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Ensuring equitable vaccination access for immigrant communities is critical for guiding efforts to redress health disparities, but vaccine coverage data are limited. We evaluated childhood vaccination coverage by parental birth country (PBC) through the linkage of Washington State Immunization Information System data and birth records.

METHODS
We conducted a retrospective cohort evaluation of children born in Washington from January 1, 2006 to November 12, 2019. We assessed up-to-date vaccination coverage status for measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR), diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTaP), and poliovirus vaccines at ages 36 months and 7 years. Children with ≥1 parent(s) born in selected non-US countries were compared with children with 2 US-born parents, using Poisson regression models to provide prevalence ratios.

RESULTS
We identified 902 909 eligible children, of which 24% had ≥1 non-US-born parent(s). Vaccination coverage at 36 months by PBC ranged from 41.0% to 93.2% for ≥1 MMR doses and ≥3 poliovirus doses and 32.6% to 86.4% for ≥4 DTaP doses. Compared with children of US-born parents, the proportion of children up to date for all 3 vaccines was 3% to 16% higher among children of Filipino-, Indian-, and Mexican-born parents and 33% to 56% lower among children of Moldovan-, Russian-, and Ukrainian-born parents. Within-PBC coverage patterns were similar for all vaccines with some exceptions. Similar PBC-level differences were observed at 7 years of age.

CONCLUSIONS
The linkage of public health data improved the characterization of community-level childhood immunization outcomes. The findings provide actionable information to understand community-level vaccination determinants and support interventions to enhance vaccine coverage.
TRILINGUAL EDUCATION IN KAZAKHSTAN AND GRADUATES EMPLOYABILITY PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Mirzoyeva Leila , Gaipov Davronzhon , Syurmen Oxana 
Published: May 2024

Development of trilingual education in Kazakhstan and use English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) is a complicated process with both positive and negative sides; so it is necessary to explore EMI policy in Kazakhstani Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) and its role for graduates’ employability and career prospects and opportunities through qualitative and quantitative research in order to define holistic approach to higher education in the frame of trilingual education policy and the aspects of EMI that need improvement. The following subtopics will be explored during the research: - additional competences suggested by both regulating documents on implementation of multilingual education in HEIs in Kazakhstan and educational programs (EP) using EMI; - opinions of students enrolled into EP with EMI about opportunities and challenges of the programs / EMI education; - opinions of HEIs graduates who studied in English about opportunities and challenges of EMI education; - opinions of the employers of multilingual graduates about their professional skills, competences, and soft skills. The main research question that our study aims to answer is: What are the implications and challenges of EMI in HEIs in Kazakhstan for the employability and career opportunities of graduates? To answer the research question, a range of methods will be used for collecting data (surveys and interviews with students, graduates and employers).
Investigation of Asphaltene Precipitation and Reservoir Damage during CO2 Flooding in High-Pressure, High-Temperature Sandstone Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Li Lei , Wang Ming-jian , Su Yu-liang , Gao Xiao-gang , Wang Wen-dong , Tu Jia-wei , Wang Xin-hao 
Published: May 2024

Summary
Asphaltenes are heavy aromatic hydrocarbon compounds contained in reservoir fluids and may precipitate when the reservoir pressure is reduced by production or when gas is injected into the reservoir, and then further deposit on pore-throat surfaces causing reservoir damage. At present, the research on asphaltene precipitation and reservoir damage is carried out in conventional reservoirs, and the influence of CO2 injection under high-pressure, high-temperature (HPHT) conditions has not yet been clearly understood. In this work, we combined perturbed-chain statistical association fluid theory (PC-SAFT) calculation, experiments, phase-state simulation, and numerical simulation to predict the asphaltene precipitation with different pressures, temperatures, and amounts of injected gas and to clarify the influence on reservoir permeability and oil production when using CO2 injection. The results show that the precipitation of asphaltenes in the process of CO2 injection is the desorption of colloid-asphaltene inclusions caused by gas molecules and then the mutual polymerization process between dispersed asphaltene molecules. CO2 injection will increase the amount of precipitation and move the precipitation curve to the right side. The degree of permeability reduction caused by the deposition of asphaltenes in the core is 12.87–37.54%; the deposition of asphaltenes in the reservoir is mainly around the injection/production wells and along the injected gas profile. Considering asphaltenes, the oil recovery degree is reduced by 1.5%, and the injection rate is reduced by 17%. The reservoir pressure, temperature, and physical properties have a strong correlation with the degree of reservoir damage, while the initial asphaltene content has a low correlation. This work will be of great interest to operators seeking to enhance oil recovery by CO2 injection in deep reservoirs.
WITHDRAWN: Comparison of anterior chamber intraocular lens implantation versus four-flanged scleral fixation technique for cases with loss of capsular support during routine cataract surgery
Authors: Dubinsky-Pertzov Biana , Mahler Ori , Shemer Asaf , Hecht Idan , Simaan Francis , Belkin Avner , Pras Eran , Einan-Lifshitz Adi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors in order to comply with an institutional policy on preprints. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference.
Designing e-consent protocols for pragmatic clinical trials: case studies from a UKCRC clinical trials unit
Authors: Hammond Matt , Ashford Polly , High Juliet , Clark Lucy , Howard Gregory , Jones Megan , Stirling Susan , West Claire 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Interest in and use of electronic consent (e-consent) in the conduct of academic clinical trials has increased since the COVID-19 pandemic. E-consent offers advantages including increased efficiency and accessibility, and reduced burden on site staff, which can be appealing to academic trialists anticipating challenges in recruitment to complex trial designs or with limited funding. However, there are many options to consider when using e-consent in a study protocol. This paper presents five case studies from Norwich Clinical Trials Unit, demonstrating how e-consent models can be effectively tailored to the needs of different trials. These examples illustrate the options around and benefits of e-consent, the acceptability of e-consent by participants, and the design considerations that were made during the development of the trial protocols.
Case Studies
Five randomised trials are presented, selected from a range of different trial designs, disease areas, interventions, and patient populations. E-consent was either offered as an alternative to paper consent, according to participant preference, or as the sole method of consent. E-consent was generally used to facilitate remote consent in decentralised trials but was also chosen to increase efficiency and reduce burden in an emergency department setting. The technical implementation of e-consent and detailed participant procedures were tailored to the needs of the trial settings and patient populations. For example, accompanying participant information sheets were provided in paper or electronic form, and electronic signatures could be typed or drawn. Administrative data on uptake of e-consent is presented where available.
Conclusion
This paper demonstrates that the operational and technical aspects of implementing e-consent in clinical trials can be influenced by the trial design, the needs and characteristics of the trial population, financial/efficiency considerations, and level of risk. E-consent is not a one-size-fits-all tool for trials, and its use should be carefully considered during the development of the trial protocol, in conjunction with patient and public involvement contributors, site staff and other trial stakeholders.
A Statistical Fractal Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange Authentication Protocol for Intelligent IoT Irrigation Systems
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Papola Anubhooti 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Encourage the use of sensors in the intelligent interconnected future, we use statistical fractal analysis to create a network of wireless sensors (WSN) key distribution simulation.Among the wireless sensor networks is growing technologies in the coming decades and has posed various unique challenges to researchers. While the set of challenges in sensor network are diverse, we focus on security of in this study, we discuss wireless sensor networks.. The present works propose a scheme to distribute a fractal key among all nodes utilising the Diffie-Hellman key swap and also using a concept of the cryptography. Proposed work is founded on one-way hash cryptography and Diffie-Hellman functions in order to provide strong data rate support for the fundamental security functions and the capacity to fend off known threats. The formal verification of the proposed approach is done. We describe a resistance analysis of the suggested system based on many assault scenarios. Additional evaluations about the storage capacity are carried out, intercommunication, and running Time is money. As a result, the suggested plan is not just regarded as a safe method of authentication, yet especially useful for intelligent Internet of Things irrigation systems because of its sensible efficiency ratios.
AI-driven System for Non-contact Continuous Nocturnal Blood Pressure Monitoring using Fiber Optic Ballistocardiography
Authors: Qian Zhang , Huang Yandao , Chen Lin , Chenggao Li , Junyao Peng , Qingyong Hu , Yu Sun , Hao Ren , Jin Wen , Weibin Cheng , Tian Junzhang , Kaishun Wu , Weimin Lyu , Changyuan Yu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Continuous monitoring of nocturnal blood pressure is crucial for hypertension management and cardiovascular risk assessment. However, current clinical methods are invasive and discomforting, posing challenges. These traditional techniques often disrupt sleep, impacting patient compliance and measurement accuracy. Our research introduces a groundbreaking, non-contact system for continuous monitoring of nocturnal blood pressure, utilizing ballistocardiogram (BCG) signals. The key component of this system is the utilization of advanced, flexible fiber optic sensors designed to accurately capture medical-grade BCG signals. Our artificial intelligence (AI) model extracts deep learning and fiducial features with physical significance and implements an efficient, lightweight personalization scheme on the edge device. Furthermore, the system incorporates a crucial algorithm to automatically detect the user's sleeping posture, ensuring accurate measurement of nocturnal blood pressure. The model underwent rigorous evaluation using open-source and self-collected datasets comprising 158 subjects, demonstrating its effectiveness across various blood pressure ranges, demographic groups, and sleep states. This innovative system, suitable for real-world unconstrained sleeping scenarios, paves the way for enhanced hypertension screening and management, as well as opening new avenues for clinical research into cardiovascular complications.
Research on the Dynamic Changes of Drought and Vegetation Coupling on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the Context of Global Warming
Authors: Xu Tong , Zhou Jianwei , Wu Hua , Zhu Kangcheng , Chao Zhiyuan , Li Jiatong , Guo Qiyun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In recent years, global warming has exacerbated drought conditions on the Tibetan Plateau, a region that draws attention due to its unique geographical location and complex natural environment. To deepen our understanding of the connection between vegetation and drought in mid-to-high latitude plateau areas, we focused our research on the Tibetan Plateau. Our findings indicate that the severity of drought in 2020 slightly decreased compared to 2001, and there was an increase in vegetation cover. Among the drought events analyzed on the Tibetan Plateau, the years 2009, 2006, and 2018 were the most severe. Correlation analysis revealed a high level of coupled coordination between drought and vegetation. The weighting of indices evaluating the drought and vegetation system highlighted major driving factors such as water area and precipitation, with grassland vegetation types exerting the most significant impact on overall vegetation cover. Comparing the values of coupling coordination with the composite scores of drought and vegetation, it was found that human activities had an increased impact on both in 2018 and 2019. This research contributes theoretical insights into the intrinsic mechanisms of the coupling relationship between vegetation and drought and offers scientific guidance for addressing global climate change.
Hyperuniform Active Matter
Authors: Fernandez-Nieves Alberto , Cotte Alexis de la , Pearce Daniel , Nambisan Jyothishraj , Levy Aviv , Giomi Luca 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Hyperuniformity in driven disordered systems [1,2] and giant number fluctuations in active matter [3,4] represent opposite ends in a spectrum of statistical correlations found in physical systems outside of thermal equilibrium. Despite both these phenomena representing milestones in our understanding of non-equilibrium physics -- with potential applications ranging from optimal packing patterns and transport in biological matter [5,6] to the fabrication of disordered materials with photonic bandgaps [7-10] --, the possibility of them being connected has remained so far elusive. Using a combination of experimental and theoretical work on active nematic defects, we demonstrate, through the notion of critical absorbing states [11,12], that such a spectrum is in fact closed, and that active matter can in fact be hyperuniform.
Generation and characterization of humanization CD4 knock-in mice expressing chimeric mouse/human CD4 protein
Authors: Chen Pei-Lung , Kam Ka-Man , Shiu Tsz-En , Hsieh Chien-Ming , Lu Wen-Ting , Pan Yu-Yun , Chuang Ya-Hui , Yu I-Shing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Humanized mouse models have become indispensable tools for investigating human gene function and disease modeling. However, conventional transgenic approaches carry the risk of unforeseen biological consequences. To address this concern, we developed a novel human CD4 knock-in mouse model (hCD4 KI mice) using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology. We replaced the region encoding the first two major extracellular domains of the mouse Cd4 gene, which are critical for interaction with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, with the corresponding human CD4 sequence. Subsequently, we conducted comprehensive physiological and immune system analyses on hCD4 KI mice, including both heterozygous (CD4m/h) and homozygous (CD4h/h) genotypes. Our investigations revealed a dosage-dependent impact of the hCD4 KI, resulting in a decrease population of CD4+ single positive (SP) cells, accompanied by a corresponding increase in CD8+ SP cells within the thymus. These developmental alterations, evident in thymus, were also observed in the peripheral lymphatic system such as the spleen and in the peripheral blood, exhibiting an increased population of mature CD8+ T cells and a decreased proportion of mature CD4+ T cells. Despite these changes, hCD4 KI mice exhibited normal biological characteristics, including T cell activation and proliferation functions, blood composition, tissue structure, and body weight, closely resembling those of wild-type (CD4m/m) mice. Our study underscores hCD4 KI mice as a valuable tool for exploring CD4 and MHC class II interactions, with potential for future integration with humanized MHC class II KI mice, offering insights into immune disease mechanisms.
Synergistic Optimization of Lattice and Spin in Atomic Scale Simulation of Magnetic Materials
Authors: Xu Ben , Huang Zhengtao , Yang Teng , Liu Hanxing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Spin-lattice coupling represents a forefront area of research in modern condensed matter physics and materials science. A key challenge lies in determining the ground state configurations of spins and lattices given this strong coupling, complicated by their evolution adherence to distinct governing equations. This study introduces a novel synergistic optimization framework for lattice and spin optimization in magnetic materials, overcoming the conventional separation approach. Employing a ``pseudo-atomic" method, simultaneous optimization of atomic and spin configurations enhances accuracy and speed, avoiding local minima. Applied to face-centered cubic iron, this approach outperforms iterative methods in convergence, offering a robust tool for complex spin-lattice coupling problems and paving a path for addressing high-dimensional optimization problems.
Statistical analysis of EBSD data and geometrical theory of classical and non-classical twinning in foraminiferal shell calcite
Authors: Schmahl Wolfgang Wilhelm , Yin Xiaofei , Lastam Jeraldine , Griesshaber Erika , Hörl Sebastian , Vaquer Anna Sancho 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

We describe a quantitative statistical and geometric analysis of classical and non-classical modes of twinning in the calcite produced by the biomineralization in the shell of the rotaliid foraminifer species Amphistegina lessonii. Foraminifera are responsible for about a quarter of the marine production of CaCO3 and thus play a major role in the natural CO2 sequestration into marine carbonate sediments. The shell calcite of rotaliid foraminifera is nano-twinned and thus quite distinct from inorganic calcite and from biogenic calcite produced by other groups of organisms. Previous work showed that foraminiferal calcite contains a high spatial density of twin walls of the classical 60°|<001 > = m.{001} twin but there was another peak in the range between 75° and 80° in the misorientation statistics of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) maps of the same specimen. We checked the significance of all maxima in misorientation by in-depth statistical analysis thus confirmed the 60°|<001 > penetration twinning and found that the 75°-80° maxima are related to new, non-classical, but systematically reoccurring oriented associations of calcite crystals with orientation relationships 78.2°|<991 > and 76.6°|<6–6 1>. If the nano-twinning provides an evolutionary advantage, it may be increasing strength and toughness of the feeble mineralized chamber walls of the organisms.