bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated With In-Hospital Mortality After Road Traffic Accidents in Bukavu
Authors: Numbe Bachelard Cissa Wa , Gulimwentuga Fabrice Cikomola , Mukamba Franck Masumbuko , Matabaro Bijoux Safi , Wani Alliance Bisimwa , Mudekereza Paterne Safari , Murhega Roméo Bujiriri , Musilimu Costa Sudi , Toha Georges Kuyigwa , Namugusha Alain Kabakuli , Mirindi Dominique Chimanuka , Budema Paul Munguakonkwa , Mukengeshai Léon-Emmanuel Mubenga 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Road accidents continue to weigh heavily on the healthcare system in developing countries. Very few studies on the severity of road accidents have been conducted in Bukavu and in the Democratic Republic of Congo in general. We conducted a cross-sectional, analytical study with prospective data collection, to determine the factors associated with in-hospital mortality following road traffic accidents in Bukavu.
Methods
Victims of road traffic accidents who consulted the emergency department of the Bukavu Provincial General Reference Hospital (HPGRB), a public hospital, were recruited consecutively between April 1, 2021 and April 1, 2022. Epidemiological and clinical information was collected from medical records. Independent variables associated with mortality were assessed using multivariate logistic regression .
Results
The mean age of participants was 30(24.42) years, three-quarters were aged between 18 and 40 and 76.41% were male. 57% (191) had limb injuries and 163(48.65%) head injuries, while 35.63% (119) had fractures. Female gender (aOR = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.01–0.40, p = 0.002); unemployed (aOR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.28–0.97, p = 0.042); respiratory distress (aOR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.86–0.95, p = 0.001) and low GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) (≤ 12) on admission (p = 0.001) were associated with post RTA mortality in our study subjects.
Conclusion
In-hospital mortality post RTA was associated with female gender, respiratory distress, unemployment and low GCS on admission. By improving prevention strategies and developing a trauma system that includes pre-hospital care, improved in-hospital surgical services and post-rehabilitation services, thousands of lives could be saved in the future.
Unexpected postoperative liver failure in patients with splenomegaly induced by induction chemotherapy for colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Hayashi Koki , Ono Yoshihiro , Oba Atsushi , Ito Hiromichi , Sato Takafumi , Inoue Yosuke , Saiura Akio , Takahashi Yu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
With advances in chemotherapy, conversion surgery is often performed for initially unresectable colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CLM). However, unexpected postoperative liver failure (POLF) is sometimes associated with chemotherapy-related hepatotoxicity following long-term chemotherapy. We aimed to identify predictive factors for POLF after conversion surgery for initially unresectable CLM.
Methods:
We retrospectively identified 774 consecutive patients who underwent initial liver resections for histologically confirmed CLMs between 2010 and 2019 at our institute. We enrolled 107 patients with initially unresectable CLMs. Clinicopathological characteristics were evaluated to determine their association with POLF. Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the predictors of POLF.
Results:
Among the 107 patients, POLF occurred in 15. Significant risk factors for POLF include splenomegaly during preoperative chemotherapy (>135%), two-stage hepatectomy, and increased operative times and blood loss. Multivariate analysis revealed that splenomegaly was an independent risk factor for POLF (P=0.002). In the analysis limited to the splenomegaly group, lower platelet counts, increased blood loss and operative times, and large liver resection areas (>100 cm2) were significant risk factors for POLF. Among them, a liver resection area >100cm2 can be calculated preoperatively and correlate with a complex hepatectomy.
Conclusion:
These findings could help predict POLF after conversion surgery and induction chemotherapy for initially unresectable CLMs. Careful decisions, including detailed procedures and timing of hepatectomy, should be made before conversion hepatectomy in patients who develop splenomegaly after induction chemotherapy and require complex hepatectomies with a large liver resection area.
Exploring quantile graphs: a novel approach for classifying Parkinson's disease-related events during the TUG test
Authors: Pineda Aruane Mello , Vicchietti Mário Lucas , Carra Rafael Bernhart , Thome-Souza Sigride , Salgado Daniele , Rodrigues Francisco Aparecido , Campanharo Andriana Susana Lopes de Oliveira , Cury Rubens Gisbert 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurological disorder that affects the central nervous system, resulting in the progressive impairment of movements, such as tremors, slow movements, muscle stiffness, imbalance, speech and writing disturbances, and deterioration of gait. Understanding the challenges associated with PD, including episodes of freezing, where individuals suddenly stop and struggle to resume rhythmic movements, has been a subject of study in the literature. The reliable detection of freezing before it occurs still lacks an effective mechanism, emphasizing the importance of understanding the dynamic changes in the brain related to both frozen moments and healthy functioning. Recent studies have focused on analyzing PD through techniques such as electroencephalography (EEG), which records the brain’s electrical activity and generates temporal series. However, this approach faces challenges, prompting the exploration of alternative techniques and interdisciplinary approaches to gather more comprehensive information about these signals. A promising approach is the use of Quantile Graphs (QG), which have shown potential in distinguishing patients with various medical conditions but have not yet been tested in PD patients. The QG method involves mapping temporal series into a network based on transition probabilities. In this context, this article aims to investigate the application of QG to quantify differences in brains affected by PD and pave the way for the application of this method to the disease. To achieve this initial goal, EEG data from 18 channels were collected from four PD patients, classifying three events of the patient during the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test (normal walking, Freezing of Gait, and voluntary stop). The findings confirmed the utility of QG in analyzing complex and nonlinear signals, such as those generated by EEG recordings in individuals with PD. Using QG, researchers can obtain valuable information about the intricate dynamics of brain activity related to PD. This approach holds promise for improving the understanding of PD and potentially aiding in the early detection and treatment of freezing episodes, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for individuals living with this challenging condition.
Adversarial Augmented Fields for Efficient Geophysical Analysis
Authors: Cao Xiaoming , Zeng Zhengkui , Hu Shike , Mukhtar Aiman , Wu KaiMing , Gu Liyuan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Accurate and comprehensive data remain critical for modeling and understanding Earth's complex systems, directly influencing weather forecasting, climate change predictions, and disaster management strategies. However, the scarcity of data, particularly for rare or extreme events, and the inherent imbalance in datasets pose significant challenges to developing robust predictive models. These issues highlight the need for effective data augmentation techniques, a domain where existing methodologies remain underexplored for geophysical data. Addressing this gap, this study introduces a data augmentation framework for geophysical fields, employing a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) architecture. Our GAN's generator utilizes a UNet architecture combined with depthwise separable convolutions to capture multi-scale spatial hierarchies while also reducing computational cost. The discriminator is enhanced with residual attention mechanisms to distinguish simulations from observations. Beyond the standard GAN loss, a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) regularization term is incorporated to ensure the generated data fields are distinguishable from the original dataset, promoting diversity and enhancing model training. Our approach has been validated through its application to downstream tasks including downscaling, extrapolation, and imputation. It achieves outstanding performance improvements, reducing the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) by 25.1%, 19.6%, and 27.4% across these tasks, respectively.
Mixed-design cross-sectional study on the impact of quality of life and self-esteem in Spanish men with erectile dysfunction during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sandoval-Salinas Carolina , Benitez Jose , Laborda Eugenio , MartinezP Juan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

A cross-sectional study incorporating quantitative and qualitative analyses was conducted between 2020 and 2022, to evaluate the perception of quality of life and self-esteem in men with erectile dysfunction (ED), exploring factors associated with these psychological constructs. General and sexual-specific quality of life, self-esteem, and confidence, were measured in men with ED in Spain, using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire, Sexual Life Quality Questionnaire (SLQQ), and Self-Esteem and Relationship (SEAR) questionnaire. Comprehensive interviews were conducted to deepen the understanding of how ED impacts various aspects of life. 353 men participated in the quantitative phase and 21 in the qualitative phase. 54.9% of participants rated their general quality of life as good or very good. No association was found between the perceived quality of global life and the quality of erection or severity of ED. The median SLQQ score was 33.75 (IQR 22.5), and the median SEAR subscale self-esteem score was 37.5 (IQR 25). It was found that the duration of ED and the frequency of sexual activity influenced self-esteem and confidence in men with ED. In the qualitative assessment, the subjects considered that ED did not influence aspects of their life unrelated to sexual health.
Control of slab tears and slab flat wedging on volcanism in the Alaska subduction zone
Authors: WANG ZHI , Hu Yaping , Liu Cunxi , Zhao Feiyu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Multistage plate subduction plays a crucial role in magmatism; however, the mechanisms by which deep geodynamic processes govern volcanism in the Alaska subduction zone remain controversial. In this study, we revealed that the Pacific Plate transitioned from oblique subduction along the Aleutian volcano chain to lower-angle subduction beneath the Pacific-Yakutat Plate interaction zone, forming two slab tears that enhance hot asthenosphere materials upwelling. The partial melting of the mantle wedge induced by Pacific slab dehydration and, the concurrent upwelling of mantle materials, jointly drove volcanism in the transition zone. However, the flat subduction of the Yakutat slab into the mantle wedge overlying the Pacific slab effectively hindered the upwelling of hot hybrid materials, cooling the Pacific mantle wedge. This process produced a non-volcanic gap beneath Denali, reducing volcanic degassing. The findings provide novel perspectives on understanding the volcanic activities in Alaska and their influence on the carbon cycle.
Laplacian Metropolis Hastings Gradient Torgerson Scaling and Optimized Vgg16 Based Mammogram Classification
Authors: Kumari Leena Prema , Karupaswamy Perumal 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) is proliferating to a greater extent day to day. Early discovery can help the patient in saving life. Mammography is commonly utilized in diagnosing BC. Mammography classification is the most critical stage as it assists medical professionals in identifying BC. In this paper, a hybrid method accomplishes accurate and precise classification in a timely manner is proposed and tested. In this work a method called, Laplacian Metropolis Hastings Gradient Torgerson Scaling and Optimized (LMHG-TSO) VGG16-based mammogram classification is proposed. The LMHG-TSO VGG16-based mammogram classification method is split into four sections, namely, preprocessing, segmentation, feature selection and finally classification. First, with the raw mammogram images obtained as input is subjected to Laplacian Neighborhood Gabor Filter-based preprocessing for acquiring computationally efficient preprocessed mammogram images. Second watershed segmentation model called Metropolis Hastings Gradient Region is applied to the preprocessed images to obtain precise segmentation results. Next, to minimize dimensionality and reduce loss Torgerson Scaling Sequential Feature Selection model is applied to the segmented preprocessed mammogram images. Finally, Affine Linear Optimized VGG16-based Mammogram Classification model is applied to make distinct classification between three types (i.e., normal, benign and malignant) in an accurate manner. Experimental evaluation is carried out on factors such as precision, recall, training time and classification accuracy for different mammogram images. The reported results prove the efficiency of the suggested method against prevailing stateof-the-art methods.
Precise identification of Higher Order Repeats (HORs) in T2T-CHM13 assembly of human chromosome 21 – novel 52mer HOR and failures of hg38 assembly
Authors: Glunčić Matko , Vlahović Ines , Rosandić Marija , Paar Vladimir 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

From the complete T2T-CHM13 assembly of human chromosome 21, recently sequenced by the T2T Consortium, the precise alpha satellite higher-order repeat (HOR) structure is computed using novel high-precision GRM2023 algorithm, which includes Global Repeat Map (GRM) and Monomer Distance (MD) diagrams. This study rigorously identified and structurally analyzed alpha satellite HORs within the centromere. The major alpha satellite HOR array in chromosome 21 reveals a novel Cascading 11mer HOR copies with subfragments of periods 7, 4 and 20, 9. Within each row in the cascading HOR, the monomers are of different types, but different rows within the same cascading 11mer HOR can contain more than one monomer of the same type. Each canonical 11mer HOR copy comprises 11 monomers yet belong to 10 different monomer types. Another pronounced 23/25mer HOR array is of mixed Willard's/Cascade HOR type. It was found that the 33mer HOR and major 8mer HOR identified previously in hg38 assembly are absent in the T2T-CHM13 assembly, pointing inadequacies of hg38 assembly. The novel 52mer HOR was discovered, with the longest alpha satellite HOR copy in human genome. Previous results for alphoid subfamilies identified using restriction enzymes mostly align with precise predictions for HORs and/or subfragments obtained by applying the GRM2023 algorithm to the complete T2T-CHM13 assembly. Alphoid subfamilies previously identified by restriction enzymes approximately correspond either to a nmer HOR or to a subfragment align with the framework of Cascading HORs.
Loss of myosin light chain kinase induces the cellular senescence-associated secretory phenotype to promote breast epithelial cell migration
Authors: Kim Dayoung , Cooper Jonathan , Helfman David 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Overexpression of oncogenes or loss of tumor-suppressor genes can induce cellular senescence as a defense mechanism against tumor development, thereby maintaining cellular homeostasis. However, cancer cells can circumvent this senescent state and continue to spread. In breast cancer cells, myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) is notably downregulated. Our study demonstrates that MLCK depletion enhances cell migration through senescence-associated secretory phenotypes in breast epithelial cells. The reduction of MLCK results in an increase in p21Cip1 mRNA transcripts and protein expression, which is regulated by p53. Subsequently, p21Cip1 promotes the secretion of soluble ICAM-1, IL-1α, IL-6, and IL-8, thereby enhancing collective cell migration in MLCK-depleted cells. Interestingly, AKT-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway also supports p21Cip1 induction and regulates cell migration in MLCK-depleted cells. These findings provide new mechanistic insights into the role of MLCK in cellular senescence and cancer progression.
Spatio-Temporal Variability of Sediment Chemistry and Biochemical Compounds in tropical Mangrove Ecosystem
Authors: Mathew Jennees , Gopinath Anu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The tropic status and sediment quality of the mangrove forest has been assessed using biochemical indices. All the samples are collected from seven mangrove forest located at South west coast of India during pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. Biochemical composition of sedimentary organic matter from the selected mangrove ecosystem was characterized by the dominance of was dominated carbohydrate followed by proteins and lipids in all seasons and stations (CHO%>PRT%>LPD%). Comparatively higher concentration of carbohydrates in the sediments has been attributed to the accumulation of aged organic matter due to the faster utilization of proteins than carbohydrate by microorganisms. Tannin and lignin content was found at the selected mangrove stations for the study as the most common compound and crucial variable. The PRT/CHO ratio revealed the presence of aged organic matter at stations 1,2 and 3 (Northern Kerala mangroves) and newly created organic debris at stations 4,5 (Kochi) ,6 and 7 (Kollam). The LPD/CHO ratio also supported the same. The Bio Polymeric Carbon (BPC) values indicated that at all the samples, except at the station 6 showed eutrophic nature. In the statistical analysis talks about strong interrelationships prevailing between the biochemical constituents revealed their origin from a common source.
Causal effects of triacylglycerol concentration on cervical cancer: evidence from two-step mediated Mendelian randomization
Authors: Xu Cong , Xu Yonghong , Yang Yunhui , Wang Guangming 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Cervical cancer ranks as the fourth most prevalent cancer among women globally, and in recent years, there has been widespread attention on the role of lipids in tumorigenesis and development. This study utilized Mendelian Randomization (MR) to explore the causal relationship between immune cell-mediated lipids and cervical cancer risk. We have selected lipids, which are closely associated with the function of immune cells, and identified their genetic instrumental variables. Using large-scale genomic association study (GWAS) data, we genetically evaluated their levels and analyzed their correlation with the risk of cervical cancer Preliminary results suggest that triacylglycerol is significantly associated with cervical cancer risk. And elevated levels of triacylglycerol are associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer. In addition, we found that regulatory immune cells such as BAFF − R on naive − mature B cell, BAFF − R on IgD+, and BAFF − R on transitional may indirectly influence the development of cervical cancer by influencing the lipids response. Our research, employing causal inference analysis on Mendelian randomization, demonstrates the significance of immune cell-induced lipids in cervical cancer progression. These results contribute to comprehending the origins of cervical cancer and might steer the creation of upcoming preventive approaches and therapeutic tactics. Additional studies are essential to confirm these results and investigate particular biological processes.
Watermarking-Based Enhanced Data Security Among Shadow Users in Cloud Computing Using ESRCC and OMESD-LWT
Authors: TIWARI CHANDRA , Jha Vijay Kumar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

For the distribution of computing services via servers, databases, data storage, and networking over the Internet, Cloud Computing (CC) is significant. Therefore, for protecting the data from security threats, data security is required for the cloud network. Yet, enhancing the data security of CC among shadow users has not been concentrated on by any work. Hence, in this article, data security is improved by preserving data from the shadow users utilizing Exponential Square Root Curve Cryptography (ESRCC) and Odd Mean Even Standard Deviation-Lifting Wavelet Transform (OMESD-LWT) techniques. Primarily, the Data Owner (DO) registers and logs into the system. Thereafter, by utilizing ESRCC, Linear Permutation-Skein Hashing Algorithm (LP-SHA), and Mid Square-based Merkle Tree (MS-MT), the data is securely shared on the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS). Afterward, the user logs in and selects the required file for retrieving it. Then, to forward requests to IPFS, the key and digital signatures are generated. Meanwhile, the DO enhances security by ciphering the MAC address utilizing Fishers Yates Transposition Cipher (FYTC) and sending it to IPFS. Then, from the IPFS, the data is decrypted utilizing ESRCC and watermarked the Media Access Control (MAC) address by employing the OMESD-LWT method. Subsequently, the user verifies the key and MAC address to download the data. The data will be accessible to the user if it is verified; otherwise, the IPFS denies the user's request. When compared with the conventional approaches, the proposed technique has enhanced performance. The proposed mechanism enhanced the Security Level (SL) to 98.92%. Also, the proposed system encrypts and decrypts the data within 1032ms and 1273ms, respectively.
An adaptive reference vector strategy with Q-learning for many-objective workflow scheduling problem in the cloud computing environment
Authors: Dong Tingting , Fan Wenyu , Wang Peiwen , Xue Fei , Chen Yuezheng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Cloud computing environment is widely used in various fields, and the scientific workflow scheduling problem in this environment is a many-objective optimization problem and has attracted much attention. Aiming at meeting the different demands of multiple users, this paper proposes an adaptive many-objective algorithm (AD\_CLIA) based on cascade clustering and reference point incremental learning algorithm (CLIA). First, this paper constructs a workflow scheduling model with four objectives: completion time (makespan), cost load, and average resource utilization (AU). Then, for improving the convergence and diversity of CLIA, a reinforcement learning method for adaptively selecting effective reference vectors is proposed. And at the same time, a double-faced mirror strategy is constructed to deal with the problem of uneven distribution of the optimal solution set. It has shown advantages in both low-dimensional DTLZ test problems and high-dimensional WFG and MaF test problems. Finally, the proposed algorithm is applied to four famous real workflow problems and the results are satisfactory.
Comparative analysis of the interaction of allure red with hemoglobin and myoglobin
Authors: Pang Jingtao , Chen Lijuan , Li Yilin , Geng Fang , Gan Na , Wang Qingling , Wu Di 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Studying the interaction between hemoglobin (Hb) and myoglobin (Mb) with allure red (AR) has important implications for the safe use of pigments. Extensive multi-fluorescence and thermodynamic (Ksv) analyses revealed that static quench, spontaneous binding processes were predominantly driven by van der Waals forces. At 37°C, the binding constant (Ka) was 0.55×104 (L/mol) compared with 0.22×104 (L/mol) for AR to Mb. AR has a greater effect on the secondary structure of Mb and remarkable α-helix changes. Notably, docking and molecular dynamic simulations indicated that AR is bonding in the hydrophobic cavity of Hb and in the active region of Mb, and that hydrophobic forces primarily drive the binding of AR to Hb and Mb. LEU100, LEU104, HIS103 and, HIS64, HIS24, LEU69, LEU104, LIE142 are the major contributors to AR to Hb Mb binding. Moreover, greater fluctuation in RMSD values indicate conformational changes in AR to Mb. Rg results demonstrated a tighter structure in AR to Hb and a looser structure in AR to Mb compared with the unbound proteins.