bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investments in Scientific Teaching Staff – Main Determinant of Quality Medical Education
Authors: Petrova-Gotova Ts. , Markova K. , Penev L. , Kirkov V. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Science has emerged as a powerful tool to facilitate researchers in conducting trustful summary of achievements in clinical practice. Science has a leading role in modern medicine as it allows prediction of the future development of new scientific ideas, formulating the prospects for future development. The purpose of the article was to make a comparative analysis and evaluation of the allocated funds for scientific and teaching staff hired under second employment contract in the university clinics or accredited teaching hospitals or departments for clinical training of the Medical University – Sofia for the period 2013-2022, and to show the effectiveness of investing in human capital. For the purposes of the research, the following were used: documentary method, analysis and synthesis and comparative method. During the analyzed period, a permanent tendency towards a decrease in the total number of clinical teachers in all clinical training centres was observed. The total amount of funds spent on the wage fund for the ten-year period increased by 35.7% compared to the beginning of the period. The increase in the funds for the salary fund of the clinical teachers stems from the policy that was introduced in 2016 with the Collective Labor Agreement – together with the social partners stimulation (bonus) for theoretical and practical training of medical students both in the Bulgarian language (state order), as well as payment for English language training. With a view to improving the quality of education of future healthcare Professionals, MU – Sofia continuously invests its own funds in its scientific and teaching staff. Proof of the effectiveness of the invested funds are the results of the last 10 years of the Rating System of the higher schools in the Republic of Bulgaria, in which MU – Sofia was ranked first in the five professional areas in which it conducts training.
Behavioral Effects of Chronic Japanese Quince Fruit Juice Administration to Rats with Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Moneva-Marinova K. , Rafailova E. , Reyzov M. , Todorova M. , Eftimov M. , Gancheva S. , Zhelyazkova-Savova M. , Valcheva-Kuzmanova S. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is often associated with anxiety and depression. Chaenomeles japonica (Thunb.) Lindl, also known as Chaenomeles maulei or Japanese quince, is a medicinal plant with a long history of use forits health-promoting properties.

Aim
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Japanese quince fruit juice (JQFJ) administration on locomotor activity, anxiety and depressive behavior in rats with diet-induced MS.

Materials and methods
Forty adult male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: MS, MS+JQFJ2.5, MS+JQFJ5 and MS+JQFJ10. All groups received a high-fat high-fructose diet for the induction of MS. MS animals were daily orally treated with distilled water and the other groups with JQFJ at doses of 2.5 ml/kg, 5 ml/kg and 10 ml/kg, respectively. During the 10th week of the experiment, behavioral tests were carried out.

Results
In the open Held test, no effect of JQFJ treatment on locomotor activity was observed. In the elevated plus maze test, a dose-dependent increase in the time spent in the open arms (OA) of the apparatus and in the ratio time spent in OA vs. total time spent in any of the arms was interpreted as an anxiolytic effect. The immobility time in the forced swim test did not differ significantly among the groups, which demonstrated a lack of anti-depressant action.

Conclusions
Chronic Japanese quince fruit juice administration produced a dose-dependent anxiolytic-like effect in rats with diet-induced MS, probably due to its high content of polyphenols.
Anthropometric Indices and Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anaemia among School Children in Delta State, Nigeria: an Intervention Study
Authors: Moyegbone J. E. , Okpoghono J. , Nwose E. U. , Clarke A. , Ofili C. C. , Odoko J. O. , Agege E. A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Anaemia being a condition of low levels of haemoglobin in the blood is a public health problem that affects approximately 1.3 to 2.2 billion people worldwide.

Aim
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anaemia and its association with anthropometric measurements among school children in Delta State, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods
The study was a pretest-postest study of 201 primary school (age 6-12 years) and secondary school (age 13-19 years) respondents randomly selected from primary and secondary schools in the three senatorial districts of Delta State. Eighty-three (41.3%) males and 118 (58.7%) females with a mean age of 12.30 ± 3.14 years were enrolledin the study. The preventive intervention protocol consisted of a single dose of vitamin A, daily vitamin C, weekly vitamin E, and twice weekly ferrous sulphate supplements administered for five weeks. Sociodemographic and anthropometric data were collected. Assessment of anaemia was done by pretest-postest haemoglobin determination.

Results
The prevalence of anaemia at baseline was 38.3% and 0% post-intervention. The prevalence of stunting, underweight, and thinness at baseline were 7.0%, 14.3 % and 15.0%, respectively, and post-intervention were 5.5%, 8.7% and 8.5%, respectively. The prevalence ofoverweight at baseline and post-intervention was 5.0%. The correlation between anaemia and underweight was r =-0.399, p = 0.005. The correlation between anaemia and body mass index wasr = -0.234, ρ< 0.001.

Conclusion
Nutritional deficiency could cause anaemia among school children. However, intake of antioxidant vitamins and iron might help to reduce the burden.
Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Skin Induced by Long-Term Hydroxyurea Treatment in a Patient with Essential Thrombocythemia
Authors: Vasilev P. , Karaivanov M. , Dimitrov D. , Troyanova P. , Yordanova I. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background and Objective
SCCs represents 20-30% of the non-melanocytic skin cancers. It is the second most common skin cancer in the U.S. The main risk factors for SCCs development are: skin phototype l-ll, excessive UV-exposure, chronic inflammatory skin diseases, radiation exposure and drug usage. Hydroxyurea is a drug used for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia, polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia. The therapy is associated with development of actinic keratoses, Bowen's disease, squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma.

Patients and methods
We present a 70-year-old female patient suffering from essential thrombocythemia, undergoing treatment with hydroxyurea since 2005, who developed advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the skin of the face and wrists.

Results
The patient was diagnosed with advanced moderately differentiated SCCs (Grade 2), stage III (T4 N0 M0). Immunotherapy with cemiplimab 350 mg i.v. every 21 days was initiated. After 6 therapeutic cycles decrease of erythema and desquamation was registered. In 2022 the patient had an ischemie stroke, decompensated heart failure and acute kidney insufficiency. Unfortunately the patient died.

Conclusions
Patients undergoing long-term hydroxyurea treatment are prone to develop multiple squamous cell carcinomas of the skin and are subject to regular dermatological examinations.
Application of Lamp as a Point-of-Care Diagnostic Assay in Remote and Low-Income Regions: Mini-Review
Authors: Nikolova E. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) has received increased attention as a sensitive and fast molecular technique that could be applied at the site of need. The LAMP has been shown to specifically detect a variety of bacterial and viral infections as a promising point-of-care (POC) test. LAMP has recently demonstrated sensitivity and specificity comparable to or nearly equal to polymerase chain reaction in SARS-CoV-2 detection. The main advantages of LAMP are its application in low-income or remote areas where there are no specialized laboratories or molecular specialists. In the following mini-review we discuss the potential of LAMP as a POC molecular diagnostic method. Moreover, we summarized its validated application and future challenges.
Creative Transformation and Value Realization of Artificial Intelligence in Jewelry Design Field
Authors: Huang Haoyuan , Cui Rongcheng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
With the progress of science and technology and the increasingly fierce competition in the market, the phenomenon of homogenization of jewelry products is becoming more and more obvious, and the user's demand for jewelry design presents personalized and diversified characteristics. This paper utilizes continuous variable binary to encode the genes in jewelry design and establishes the specific definition domain for each module in jewelry design. Then the fitness function is combined with the target creative set and representative sample set of jewelry design to calculate the consensus and satisfaction degrees of the audience. Finally, the construction of the jewelry design system is realized using artificial intelligence through selection, crossover, mutation, and other operations in the metagenetic algorithm. The algorithm proposed in this paper can achieve a lower number of evaluations and a shorter running time in a jewelry design system, which can alleviate user fatigue more effectively. When the population is generated over 20 generations, the average adaptation value of the algorithm in this paper can reach 8.13, which is much higher than the comparison algorithm. In the subjective evaluation experiments of the jewelry products obtained by the design, it is found that the audience thinks that the jewelry products show higher emotional potency and innovative value, which indicates that the system is able to give higher creativity and value to the jewelry products. This paper provides new foundations and insights for the field of jewelry design, as well as scientific ideas for jewelry designers and brands.
I-MASnBr3 /CZTGS Heterojunction Solar Cell Layer Optimization Investigated Using Scaps-1D Software Exhibited Excellent Performance at 50 %
Authors: Ghaleb M. , Arrar A. , Hadji Chikh A. , Bendjilali H. , Zerrouki O. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper reports a novel prototype of heterojunction solar cells based on semiconductor/perovskite structure using the solar cell capacitance one-dimensional simulator (SCAPS 1D). The device schematic consists of Glass/ITO/ETL/MASnBr3 /CZTGS/HTL layers with perovskite i-MASnBr3 as the permeable layer. The thickness of the absorber layer, carrier charge concentration, and the effect of temperature and series resistances are optimized. The research examines several critical parameters essential for solar cell performance, including a power conversion efficiency PCE of 50%, an open-circuit voltage Voc of 1.62 V, a fill factor FF of 91.5%, and a short-circuit current density Jsc of -34.06 mA/ cm2. The temperature and series resistance effects, as well as quantum efficiency QE, and J-V curve simulations with varying acceptor density, are investigated.
The use of cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata [L] Walp) in poultry diets: A review
Authors: Manole Mădălin , Ciurescu Georgeta , Dumitru Mihaela 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Due to its valuable nutritional qualities and unique capacity to withstand heat and drought, the cowpea (CWP; Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) is an important legume crop that is grown extensively throughout the globe and in increasing quantities also in semi-arid areas in Romania. Moreover, a drought-tolerant crop like CWP can provide several benefits to poultry in regions affected by water scarcity or drought conditions. Compared to other legumes, such as peas or soybeans, CWP has been the least researched and are the least used in poultry nutrition. The seed’s mean protein content is 25.5%, which is comparable to soybeans, winged beans, and gram. In addition, carbohydrates, fibers, minerals, vitamins, and phytochemicals are abundant in CWP seeds. The amino acid composition is characterized by a balanced profile, making it a valuable source of essential and non-essential amino acids. Additionally, CWP seeds are very rich in nutraceuticals like polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The major PUFAs were linoleic (20.8–40.3%) and linolenic acids (9.6–32.1%). It also contains anti-nutritional factors like enzyme inhibitors that reduce nutrient absorption. However, various processing methods are employed to diminish or eliminate the negative effects of anti-nutritional components. CWP in their raw unprocessed form can be used as replacement for soybean meal in poultry diets, at inclusion levels up to 200 g/kg. However, the optimal inclusion rate of CWP in poultry feed will depend on different factors such as age and the processing method used.
Evaluation of bacterial contamination and heavy metals in cow and camel meat
Authors: AbdAl-Rudha Aseel M. H. , Al-Nasiry Ban Sahib Abdul-Nabi , Dakheel Mohammed M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study examined 75 samples of raw meat from cows and camels sold in local marketplaces in the governorate of Najaf/ Iraq, for bacterial load and heavy metal contamination. The culture results were classified into 10 types involving E. coli (36–90%) (31–88.5%), Enterobacter spp. (7–17.5%) (3–8.5%), Pseudomonas spp. (10–25%) (8–22.8%), Klebsiella spp. (3–7.5%) (4–11.4%), Staphylococcus aureus (4–10%) (5–14.2%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (5–12.5%) (5–14.2%), Proteus spp. (5–12.5%) (6–17.1%), E. coli O157 (6–15%) (2–5.7%), Yersinia enterocolitica (3–7.5%) (4–11.2%), and Salmonella spp. (3–7.5%) (4–11.2%), from cows and camels respectively. The averages of heavy metals concentrations in cow meat samples were 0.54±0.25, 0.50±0.18, 0.33±0.22, 0.22±2.5, 1.0±0.25 mg/kg; however, in camel meat samples were 0.27±0.20, 0.31±0.12, 0.26±0.11, 0.17±1.5 and 0.5±0.15 mg/kg for Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Nickel (Ni) and Zinc (Zn) respectively. The presence of significant levels of pathogenic microorganisms and metals in the meat samples indicates poor sanitation and hygiene practices during dealing with meat through steps of production, packaging, transportation, and storage, and the high amounts of heavy metal contamination in the environment, which will have an impact on the meat and milk animal products.
Physico-Chemical Composition and Influence of Some Heat Treatments on Fish
Authors: Mastan Oana Andreea , Damian Aurel , Coroian Aurelia , Longodor Adina , Maris Stefania , Mesaros Diana 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Fish is a food that has a complex chemical composition with high nutritional value and that is given by the content of protein, lipids, mineral salts and vitamins. It is a very perishable product and failure to comply with food safety conditions can lead to risks to the health of the consumer. The use of heat treatments leads to the formation of compounds that can become toxic to the body. The heat treatments used were boiling, roasting and baking in the oven. These processes bring improvements to the sensory characteristics of the fish. Following the interpretation of the data we can state that roasting is the preferred method of most participants in the tasting of products. The physico-chemical composition and the influence of some heat treatments on the sensory characteristics of the fish were determined.
Study the Emitter-Base Forward Current in Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors Using Python
Authors: Preduşcă G. , Avram Miruna 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In GaAs-type materials, the primary mechanism for intra-valley scattering of low-energy electrons is their interaction with acoustic photons. These collisions are of the elastic and isotropic type, with their main effect being the nearly uniform scattering of the velocity vector of the electrons. Since the drift current in heterojunction bipolar transistors is proportional to the electric field, the contribution of the majority drift current cannot be neglected, as even a very small internal field produces a significant current when the number of carriers is very high. At the metallurgical heterojunction (x = 0), the total current is equal to the sum of the two thermionic emission components. The paper analyses the variation of the direct current of the Al0.3Ga0.7As/GaAs heterojunction, used as an emitter-base NP junction in heterojunction bipolar transistors, using the Python program.
Optimising Urban Waste Management Through Smart Monitoring Systems: A Case Study in Enhancing Efficiency and Sustainability
Authors: Enache Bogdan-Adrian , Banica Cosmin-Karl , Bogdan Ana Geroge 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper illustrates the significant potential of advanced waste management strategies, particularly the implementation of a trash level monitoring system, to enhance urban sustainability and operational efficiency. This research rigorously evaluates the superiority of real-time data-driven systems over conventional waste management practices by leveraging a dynamic model to simulate trash fill levels and employing algorithms to identify optimal collection routes.
The Chorioamnionitis - Still an Enigma in Perinatology
Authors: Varjacic Mirjana , Jovic Nikola 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Chorioamnionitis is one of the most common causes of preterm premature rupture of fetal membranes and consequent preterm birth. The variety of mechanisms underlie pathophysiology of chorioamnionitis represents its greatest enigma. The unspecific clinical manifestations of chorioamnionitis considered an aggravating issue for perinatologist to diagnose it timely. There are no absolutely sensitive, non-invasive diagnostic procedures for certain establishment of chorioamnionitis diagnosis. The more sensitive diagnostic procedures are also invasive, so the question of their application in routine practice arises. Certainly, the perinatologist is always in a dilemma when there is a suspicion of chorioamnionitis, whether and how it should be treated, having in mind the facts about possible side effects on the fetus, but also on the mother. This paper presents a summary of all known facts about the etiopathogenesis, classification and clinical manifestations of chorioamnionitis, providing a basis for further research regarding the identification of more sensitive diagnostic markers, as well as the treatment of this condition.
The #Enzian classification for ultrasound diagnosis of endometriosis: description and explanation of the classification using our own clinical cases
Authors: Borisova E. A. , Bulanov M. N. , Makarenko T. A. 
Published: June 2024

An extensive deep infiltrating endometriosis usually requires complex and time-consuming surgical treatment, often with multidisciplinary surgery teams forming. The goal of ultrasound is to find and describe in detail, if possible, all endometriosis lesions at the preoperative stage. A structured classification is needed for a detailed description of all foci of pelvic and extrapelvic endometriosis that would be understandable to both the radiologists and the gynecological surgeon. The current version of the #Enzian classification was designed by an international team of scientists from 11 countries with vast experience in the diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis. This classification is based on a description of the location of endometriosis lesions, the depth of invasion into the pelvic organs and tissues, as well as the presence of invasion into adjacent abdominal organs and disruption of their functions. The classification provides continuity between preoperative imaging and surgical assessment of the severity of endometriosis. In this article, we tried to describe and comment in detail on the ultrasound version of this classification, illustrated by our own clinical cases. Using the #Enzian classification provides clinicians with a common “language” to describe endometriosis in a comprehensive and easily reproducible manner. The authors of this article have been using the #Enzian classification in their work for more than 2 years. Based on our existing experience, we consider the #Enzian classification not only convenient and useful, but also meets all the requirements of both a diagnostician and a surgeon.
Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Antibody Disease: Clinicopathologic Profile and Outcomes
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Jayaprakash Varadharajan , Gopalakrishnan Natarajan , Dineshkumar Thanigachalam , Sakthirajan Ramanathan , Dhanapriya Jeyachandran 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody disease is a rare autoimmune disease caused by antibodies to α3 chain of type 4 collagen. Patients presenting with severe renal involvement requiring dialysis have poor response to treatment.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted a retrospective and prospective study at Institute of Nephrology, Madras Medical College, Chennai, India by analyzing the data of patients with biopsy-proven anti-GBM antibody disease treated from January 2013 to December 2019.

Results:
There were 2,949 kidney biopsies in the study period and 92 showed crescentic glomerulonephritis (GN). Of those, 20 patients (10 males) had anti-GBM antibody disease. Mean age was 40.75 ± 14.75 years. Rapidly progressive renal failure was the most common mode of presentation (95%); five (25%) patients had diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) and nineteen patients (95%) required dialysis at presentation. Seven patients (35%) were positive for anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (anti-myeloperoxidase in six and anti-proteinase 3 in one). Of the twelve patients (60%) who received immunosuppression (cyclophosphamide, steroids, and plasma exchange), two patients (10%) attained remission, and two patients (10%) expired due to sepsis. Crescentic GN was the predominant pathology in kidney biopsy in 19 patients (95%). Mesangial hypercellularity with deposition of IgA and C3 in mesangium was present in one patient.

Conclusion:
In our study, anti-GBM antibody disease accounted for 21.7% of crescentic GN. Majority of patients presented late, requiring dialysis. Patient survival was 90%, while renal survival was only 10%. One patient had co-occurrence of IgA nephropathy with anti-GBM antibody disease.
How Were Palliative Care Assessments Performed by Students During a Clinical Nursing Experience? A Study in Interpretive Phenomenology Analysis
Authors: Ligita Titan , Yulanda Nita Arisanti , Balqis Balqis , Maharani Dinda 
Published: June 2024

Objectives:
There has been limited investigation into nursing students’ experiences of carrying out comprehensive assessments. Consequently, there is a need to explore the most effective and efficient assessment approach for students conducting palliative assessments for patients. This study aimed to investigate nursing students’ experiences of performing palliative assessments while on clinical placement in a hospital.

Materials and Methods:
This research was conducted in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Eight nursing students participated in semi-structured interviews utilising open-ended questions, generating 10 audio recordings. This qualitative study applied interpretative phenomenology analysis, with data analysed thematically.

Results:
The study identified eight substantial themes that illustrate the experiences of nursing students in palliative care assessment: Upgrading assessment skills, Contributing influences in the assessment process, The way the patient responds to the assessment, Replenishment of data, The importance of family involvement, Emerging issues in the assessment process, Approaches to assessment and Refining the assessment process. The study enhances comprehension of how students surmount assessment challenges.

Conclusion:
The findings present a potential guide for future research on assessing the effectiveness of palliative care instruments employed by nurses to enhance comprehensive holistic assessments for patients.