bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term clinical, nutritional, and functional outcomes of COVID‐19 patients after hospital discharge
Authors: Pedraza Laura , Laosa Olga , Segovia‐Moreno Rocío , Alcalá Álvaro , Tornero‐López María Isabel , Corral‐Muñoz Germán , López Patricia , Carnicero Jose Antonio , Ramirez Maria , Camprubi Maria , Rodríguez‐Mañas Leocadio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundLong‐term nutritional and functional status after hospitalization due to COVID‐19 has been poorly described. We show the physical and nutritional stata and the symptoms compatible with Long‐COVID in patients who survived after an episode of hospitalization due to COVID‐19 and the associated factors.MethodsSingle‐center prospective observational study. Clinical, nutritional, and physical function data were assessed in 345 subjects over 18 years of age hospitalized in an university hospital for a diagnosis of COVID‐19 in 2020 at three different times of follow‐up: 6 (n = 118), 9 (n = 115), and 15 months (n = 112) after discharge. All survivors discharged during each of those periods were called consecutively at the times of follow‐up in order to collect data about their nutritional and functional stata, and long‐COVID symptoms.ResultsThe mean age of the 345 subjects included in the present study was 62.8 years (SD 15.8), and 180 (52.2%) were men. The mean number of comorbidities was 2.6 (SD 2.1). After a mean follow‐up time of 10.2 ± 3.2 months, mean Barthel score showed a decrease of 2.00 (SD 0.12) points, that showed to be consistent disregarding the time after discharge (6 months: 1.71 ± 4.8; 9 months: 2.17 ± 5.97; 15 months: 2.20 ± 5.25). The risk factors associated with worsening in the Barthel index score were basal Barthel index [BI < 95; odds ratio (OR): 3.34, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.26–8.85], age (OR: 1.03, CI: 1.00–1.06, per year), having comorbidities (≥3 pathologies) (OR: 1.98, CI: 1.00–3.90), and female sex (OR: 2.68, CI: 1.47–4.90). Self‐reported Long‐COVID symptoms were frequent, mainly those related to functioning: fatigue/tiredness (39.4%), decreased mobility (16.2%), and subjective loss of muscle mass/strength (15.9%) plus mental complaints (depression/anxiety; 20.6%). Decreased mobility (OR 7.82, CI: 3.69–16.55), cognitive impairment (OR 6.76, CI: 2.22–20.58) and a score in SARC‐F ≥ 2 (OR: 3.89; CI: 2.03–7.49) at follow‐up were associated to the worsening in BI. BMI showed a modest, non‐significant decrease at 6 months (−0.3 ± 1.7 kg/m2), that was fully recovered in the longest follow‐up period (+0.4 ± 2.1).ConclusionsAdmission for COVID‐19 produces a significant functional loose, mainly in those who are older, female, and with a poor basal functional status and comorbidities. This impairment does not recover spontaneously and is a main component of the long‐term COVID‐19 symptoms.
Enhancing tonal‐language learning through music: A review of experimental methods and melodic intonation therapy influences
Authors: Howe Julia H. , Baumgartner Erica S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis literature review explores the impact of music on tonal language learning, with a focus on Mandarin Chinese. Utilising searches across major databases such as ERIC (EBSCO), ProQuest Central, Google Scholar, and Web of Science from 2005 to 2024, we selected relevant peer‐reviewed English‐language articles examining music's role in aiding tone acquisition and related cognitive processes. From 30 publications, findings are categorised into theoretical relationships, cognitive effects, melodic intonation therapy (MIT) applications and digital music applications. Theoretical frameworks emphasise the correlation between musicality and language proficiency, highlighting musicians' enhanced tonal perception and production skills. Cognitive effects include music's influence on pronunciation, memory and cultural understanding. MIT's effectiveness in tonal language learning is then discussed, emphasising its potential to improve cortical representations of tone categories. Finally, digital music applications are examined, focusing on language learning apps incorporating music for personalised and engaging learning experiences. The review finds significant literature reporting that music‐based methodologies, aligned with experiential learning paradigms, hold significant potential in Mandarin Chinese acquisition. They enhance listening comprehension, spoken language production, and understanding of grammar and syntax. Similar to MIT principles, music‐assisted tonal language learning utilises exaggerated melody and rhythm to improve language production, especially with complex words. This review is motivated by the recognition of music's potential benefits in language education, especially for tonal languages. It aims to provide educators and researchers with insights into effective methods and applications, guiding instructional practices and stimulating further empirical investigations in this interdisciplinary field. Ultimately, it contributes to the ongoing discourse on optimising tonal language learning methodologies.
Blockchain‐based federated learning approaches in internet of things applications
Authors: Li Xinhai , Hu Yuanchao , Zeng Lingcheng , An Yunzhu , Yang Jinsong , Xiao Xing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Internet of Things (IoT) is a new well‐structured emerging technology with communication of smart devices using the 5G technology, infrastructures of roads, vehicles, smart cities, traffic systems and user applications. The IoT applications facilitate providing prompt emergency responses, and improved quality of vehicles, and road services, with cost‐effective activities in the intelligent transportation systems. Federated Learning (FL) enhances privacy and security in intelligent transportation systems and the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), using advanced prediction methods. Integrating blockchain with IoT, particularly in FL for transportation systems and IoV, bolsters security and data integrity. This approach keeps data local while only sharing model updates, enhancing privacy. Blockchain's transparency aids in efficient IoT collaboration, crucial for accountability. Its consensus algorithms further ensure network integrity, validating transactions and updates across devices, protecting against attacks, and fostering a transparent, collaborative environment. This comprehensive review paper delves into the innovative integration of blockchain technology with federated learning and the dynamic domain of IoV. It extensively analyzes the primary concepts, methodologies, and challenges associated with the deployment of FL in IoVs. This review presents a novel categorization examining three main types of blockchain‐based FL approaches vertical, horizontal, and decentralized each tailored to specific IoV communication scenarios like Vehicle‐to‐Vehicle (V2V), Vehicle‐to‐Infrastructure (V2I), and Vehicle‐to‐Cloud (V2C). It highlights FL applications in cyber‐attack detection, data sharing, traffic prediction, and privacy, considering Quality of Service factors. Finally, some main challenges and new open issues are discussed and assessed for federated machine learning approaches in the IoV.
Creation and Application of an Academic Spoken Collocation List
Authors: Li Lingling , Xu Hai , Zhang Xian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDespite the widely used word lists in English as a second or foreign language learning, few attempts have been made to create an academic spoken collocation list, which holds significant potential for enhancing learners' aural and oral abilities in academic communication. This study created a list of the most frequently used and pedagogically relevant collocations in academic spoken English that involved corpus‐driven extraction of collocations and expert rating of the appropriateness and relevance of collocations for pedagogical purposes. The mixed‐methods approach produced the Academic Spoken Collocation List (ASCL), comprising 417 entries, which exhibits a higher text coverage of an academic spoken English corpus compared to an academic written corpus. The ASCL has a number of implications for the teaching and learning of English for academic purposes.
Fibroblast growth factor 21 is a hepatokine involved in MASLD progression
Authors: Gallego‐Durán Rocío , Ampuero Javier , Maya‐Miles Douglas , Pastor‐Ramírez Helena , Montero‐Vallejo Rocío , Rivera‐Esteban Jesús , Álvarez‐Amor Leticia , Pareja María Jesús , Rico María Carmen , Millán Raquel , Robles‐Frías María José , Aller Rocío , Rojas Ángela , Muñoz‐Hernández Rocío , Gil‐Gómez Antonio , Gato Sheila , García‐Lozano María , Arias‐Loste María Teresa , Abad Javier , Calleja José Luis , Andrade Raúl J. , Crespo Javier , González‐Rodríguez Águeda , García‐Monzón Carmelo , Andreola Fausto , Pericás Juan Manuel , Jalan Rajiv , Martín‐Bermudo Francisco , Romero‐Gómez Manuel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimWe aimed to assess the role of FGF21 in metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) at a multi‐scale level.MethodsWe used human MASLD pathology samples for FGF21 gene expression analyses (qPCR and RNAseq), serum to measure circulating FGF21 levels and DNA for genotyping the FGF21 rs838133 variant in both estimation and validation cohorts. A hepatocyte‐derived cell line was exposed to free fatty acids at different timepoints. Finally, C57BL/6J mice were fed a high‐fat and choline‐deficient diet (CDA‐HFD) for 16 weeks to assess hepatic FGF21 protein expression and FGF21 levels by ELISA.ResultsA significant upregulation in FGF21 mRNA expression was observed in the liver analysed by both qPCR (fold change 5.32 ± 5.25 vs. 0.59 ± 0.66; p = 0.017) and RNA‐Seq (3.5 fold; FDR: 0.006; p < 0.0001) in MASLD patients vs. controls. Circulating levels of FGF21 were increased in patients with steatohepatitis vs. bland steatosis (386.6 ± 328.9 vs. 297.9 ± 231.5 pg/mL; p = 0.009). Besides, sex, age, A‐allele from FGF21, GG genotype from PNPLA3, ALT, type 2 diabetes mellitus and BMI were independently associated with MASH and significant fibrosis in both estimation and validation cohorts. In vitro exposure of Huh7.5 cells to high concentrations of free fatty acids (FFAs) resulted in overexpression of FGF21 (p < 0.001). Finally, Circulating FGF21 levels and hepatic FGF21 expression were found to be significantly increased (p < 0.001) in animals under CDA‐HFD.ConclusionsHepatic and circulating FGF21 expression was increased in MASH patients, in Huh7.5 cells under FFAs and in CDA‐HFD animals. The A‐allele from the rs838133 variant was also associated with an increased risk of steatohepatitis and significant and advanced fibrosis in MASLD patients.
Ba3Zn4Si4O15: A Novel Centrosymmetric Silicate with Isolated SiO4 and Si2O7 Units
Authors: Ababaikeri Aihaimaitijiang , Tuniyazi Gulimeikereyi , Zhang Yanhui , Malik Dilnur 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA new silicate Ba3Zn4Si4O15 (BZSO), was synthesized by the high‐temperature solution method in the open air, and the structure was determined using single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction data. The compound can be regarded as a derivative of α‐SiO2 tetrahedral framework. The structural analysis indicates that it crystallizes in the centrosymmetric space group C2/c (No. 15) with lattice parameters a=19.3931(12) Å, b=5.1262(4) Å, c=16.3620(12) Å, β=115.7°, V=1465.5 Å3, Z=4 of a monoclinic crystal system composed of isolated Si2O7 dimers, and SiO4, ZnO4 tetrahedra. Experimental characterization demonstrates that it possesses birefringence of 0.013@546.1 nm. Besides, the first‐principles theoretical calculations were carried out to elucidate the relationship between the electronic structure and optical property.
Study of the time dependent MHD convective couple stress nanofluid flow across bidirectional periodically stretched frame using the homotopy analysis method
Authors: Kolsi Lioua , Khan Sami Ullah , Benabdallah Faiza , Al‐Khaled Kamel , Ghachem Kaouther , Albalawi Hind 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe current study presents a time dependent couple stress nanofluid flow across a bidirectional periodically stretched surface under magnetic effects. The effects of nonuniform heat source and variable thermal conductivity on the convective heat transfer are analyzed. The effect of the chemical reaction, nonlinear mixed convection, and activation energy are also considered. Adequate dimensional quantities are utilized to entertained the problem in simplified from. Then, a series of solutions are obtained via homotopic analysis method. Tables and graphs are organized to evaluates the physical dynamic of problem. The archived observations convey that the nonlinear convective parameters cause a rise in horizontal velocity component. It is determined that flow intensity and skin friction have an increasing behavior with most of the governing parameters. Current investigation emphasized that the temperature increases by imposing variable thermal conductivity. The concentration values become higher by increasing the activation energy but decrease with the reaction rate.
Implementierung einer psychotherapeutischen Sprechstunde am Arbeitsplatz (PT-A): Erwartungen, Bekanntmachung und Nutzung
Authors: Kohl Fiona , Schröder Ute B. , Stegmann Ralf , Wegewitz Uta , Hander Nicole , Hansmann Marieke , Angerer Peter , Erim Yesim , Hondong Sinja , Kröger Christoph , Mulfinger Nadine , Waldman Tamara , Herrmann Kristin , Weber Jeannette 
Published: June 2024

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung
Die psychotherapeutische Sprechstunde am Arbeitsplatz (PT-A) bietet eine leicht zugängliche, kurzfristige Unterstützung für Beschäftigte mit psychischer Belastung. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Implementierung der PT‑A in Hinblick auf ihre Bekanntmachung, den Zugang und die Nutzung zu untersuchen.

Methoden
Die Daten wurden im Rahmen der randomisiert kontrollierten Studie (RCT) „Frühe Intervention am Arbeitsplatz“ (friaa) erhoben. Quantitativ wurden 46 betriebliche Akteur:innen (BA) hinsichtlich verwendeter Bekanntmachungswege sowie förderlicher Faktoren der Nutzung der PT‑A befragt. Aus der Baseline-Erhebung der RCT wurden die Zugangswege der 550 teilnehmenden Beschäftigten verwendet. Qualitativ wurden 7 BA zur Erwartung an die PT‑A sowie 22 Beschäftigte der RCT zu den Erfahrungen des Zugangs und der Nutzung der PT‑A interviewt.

Ergebnisse
Die BA erhoffen sich von der PT‑A Wirkungen auf allen Ebenen der Prävention. Die meisten Betriebe machten die PT‑A über zentrale betriebsinterne Wege (z. B. Flyer, Intranet) oder mithilfe von individuellen Gesprächen (z. B. Sozialberatung, Betriebsärzt:innen) bekannt. Die Beschäftigten wertschätzten bei der zentralen betriebsinternen Bekanntmachung die Möglichkeit zur anonymen Teilnahme. Vorteil des unterstützten Zugangs z. B. über Sozialberatung oder Betriebsärzt:innen war die Erreichbarkeit von Beschäftigten ohne Behandlungserfahrungen, aber mit hohem Leidensdruck.

Diskussion
Aufgrund der Ergebnisse wird empfohlen, die PT‑A sowohl zentral bei allen Beschäftigten zu bewerben als auch betroffene Beschäftigte in persönlichen Gesprächen direkt auf die PT‑A aufmerksam zu machen. Dadurch können verschiedene Zielgruppen erreicht werden und die Vorteile der anonymen Teilnahme bewahrt werden.
Application of the adaptive Monte Carlo method for uncertainty evaluation in the determination of total testosterone in human serum by triple isotope dilution mass spectrometry
Authors: Liu Gongcheng , Wang Huimin , Han Yanlin , Liu Chunlong , Liang Man 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe measurement uncertainty is a crucial quantitative parameter for assessing the reliability of the result. The study aimed to propose a new budget for uncertainty evaluation of a reference measurement procedure for the determination of total testosterone in human serum. The adaptive Monte Carlo method (aMCM) was used for the propagation of probability distributions assigned to various input quantities to determine the uncertainty of the testosterone concentration. The basic principles of the propagation and the statistical analysis were described based on the experimental results of the quality control serum sample. The analysis of the number of Monte Carlo trials was discussed. The procedure of validation of the GUM uncertainty framework using the aMCM was also provided. The number of Monte Carlo trials was 2.974 × 106 when the results had stabilized. The total testosterone concentration was 16.02 nmol/L, and the standard uncertainty was 0.30 nmol/L. The coverage interval at coverage probability of 95% was 15.45 to 16.62 nmol/L, while the probability distribution for testosterone concentration was approximately described by a Gaussian distribution. The validation of results was not passed as the expanded uncertainty result obtained by the aMCM was slightly lower, about 7%, than that by the GUM uncertainty framework with consistent results of the concentration.
Graphical Abstract
Comprehensive assessment of TDP-43 neuropathology data in the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center database
Authors: Woodworth Davis C. , Nguyen Katelynn M. , Sordo Lorena , Scambray Kiana A. , Head Elizabeth , Kawas Claudia H. , Corrada María M. , Nelson Peter T. , Sajjadi S. Ahmad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTDP-43 proteinopathy is a salient neuropathologic feature in a subset of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD-TDP), in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS-TDP), and in limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE-NC), and is associated with hippocampal sclerosis of aging (HS-A). We examined TDP-43-related pathology data in the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) in two parts: (I) availability of assessments, and (II) associations with clinical diagnoses and other neuropathologies in those with all TDP-43 measures available. Part I: Of 4326 participants with neuropathology data collected using forms that included TDP-43 assessments, data availability was highest for HS-A (97%) and ALS (94%), followed by FTLD-TDP (83%). Regional TDP-43 pathologic assessment was available for 77% of participants, with hippocampus the most common region. Availability for the TDP-43-related measures increased over time, and was higher in centers with high proportions of participants with clinical FTLD. Part II: In 2142 participants with all TDP-43-related assessments available, 27% of participants had LATE-NC, whereas ALS-TDP or FTLD-TDP (ALS/FTLD-TDP) was present in 9% of participants, and 2% of participants had TDP-43 related to other pathologies (“Other TDP-43”). HS-A was present in 14% of participants, of whom 55% had LATE-NC, 20% ASL/FTLD-TDP, 3% Other TDP-43, and 23% no TDP-43. LATE-NC, ALS/FTLD-TDP, and Other TDP-43, were each associated with higher odds of dementia, HS-A, and hippocampal atrophy, compared to those without TDP-43 pathology. LATE-NC was associated with higher odds for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) clinical diagnosis, AD neuropathologic change (ADNC), Lewy bodies, arteriolosclerosis, and cortical atrophy. ALS/FTLD-TDP was associated with higher odds of clinical diagnoses of primary progressive aphasia and behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia, and cortical/frontotemporal lobar atrophy. When using NACC data for TDP-43-related analyses, researchers should carefully consider the incomplete availability of the different regional TDP-43 assessments, the high frequency of participants with ALS/FTLD-TDP, and the presence of other forms of TDP-43 pathology.
Approximation Algorithms for the Two-Watchman Route in a Simple Polygon
Authors: Nilsson Bengt J. , Packer Eli 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe two-watchman route problem is that of computing a pair of closed tours in an environment so that the two tours together see the whole environment and some length measure on the two tours is minimized. Two standard measures are: the minmax measure, where we want the tours where the longest of them has smallest length, and the minsum measure, where we want the tours for which the sum of their lengths is the smallest. It is known that computing a minmax two-watchman route is NP-hard for simple rectilinear polygons and thus also for simple polygons. Also, any c-approximation algorithm for the minmax two-watchman route is automatically a 2c-approximation algorithm for the minsum two-watchman route. We exhibit two constant factor approximation algorithms for computing minmax two-watchman routes in simple polygons with approximation factors 5.969 and 11.939, having running times $$O(n^8)$$

O
(

n
8

)

and $$O(n^4)$$

O
(

n
4

)

respectively, where n is the number of vertices of the polygon. We also use the same techniques to obtain a 6.922-approximation for the fixed two-watchman route problem running in $$O(n^2)$$

O
(

n
2

)

time, i.e., when two starting points of the two tours are given as input.
De-risking green energy from mine waters by developing a robust hydrogeological conceptual model of the UK Geoenergy Observatory in Glasgow
Authors: Gonzalez Quiros Andres , MacAllister Donald John , MacDonald Alan , Palumbo-Roe Barbara , Bearcock Jenny , Ó Dochartaigh Brighid , Callaghan Eileen , Kearsey Tim , Walker-Verkuil Kyle , Monaghan Alison 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Mine-water geothermal resources have potential to provide low-carbon heating and cooling in many areas; however, this potential has not been fully realised due to technical, economic and policy challenges. The UK Geoenergy Observatory (UKGEOS) in Glasgow was developed to provide an at-scale research facility designed to help de-risk mine-water geothermal usage. The limited knowledge of the hydrogeological systems altered by former mining activities is a key determinant of the long-term sustainability of water and heat abstraction/reinjection. This work presents a hydrogeological conceptual model developed using groundwater monitoring data obtained during the construction of the Observatory between 2020 and 2022, results from initial pumping tests performed in 2020, and results of hydrochemistry analysis from 25 sampling rounds collected between 2019 and 2022. The analysis of the data provides evidence of the dominant role of mine workings in controlling groundwater flow, with high intra-mine connectivity; increased fracturing in sandstones above mine workings; and limited inter-mine connectivity. Groundwater recharge is meteoric, mean residence times are >50 years, and there is a general upwards circulation from the deeper mine levels to the superficial deposits and the River Clyde. Faults play a significant role in limiting the extent of the highly transmissive mine workings, but there remains uncertainty surrounding the role of the faults in connecting different mine workings and their hydraulic behaviour in nonmined units. The conceptual model, that will be refined as new data become available, will be used to help guide monitoring and sampling programs and plan research activities in the Observatory.