bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Orbifold modular GUT of flavor
Authors: de Anda Francisco J. , King Stephen F. 
Published: May 2024

We discuss an SU(5) grand unified theory based on the 10d orbifold (T2)3/(Z4×Z2) plus three modular S4 groups with moduli at respective fixed points i,i+2,ω=e2iπ/3. The resulting model has hierarchical quark and charged-lepton mass matrices, arising from a double weighton mechanism, and reproduces the highly predictive littlest seesaw mechanism in the neutrino sector. The down-quark mass matrix has an upper triangular form, contributing to Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa mixing, while the charged-lepton mass matrix has a lower-triangular form with suppressed contributions to Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata mixing. The orbifold yields successful SU(5) breaking with doublet-triplet splitting of the Higgs multiplets.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Multiscale stochastic optimal control of hysteretic structures based on wavelet transform and probability density evolution method
Authors: Chha Haylim , Peng Yongbo 
Published: May 2024

PurposeContemporary stochastic optimal control by synergy of the probability density evolution method (PDEM) and conventional optimal controller exhibits less capability to guarantee economical energy consumption versus control efficacy when non-stationary stochastic excitations drive hysteretic structures. In this regard, a novel multiscale stochastic optimal controller is invented based on the wavelet transform and the PDEM.Design/methodology/approachFor a representative point, a conventional control law is decomposed into sub-control laws by deploying the multiresolution analysis. Then, the sub-control laws are classified into two generic control laws using resonant and non-resonant bands. Both frequency bands are established by employing actual natural frequency(ies) of structure, making computed efforts depend on actual structural properties and time-frequency effect of non-stationary stochastic excitations. Gain matrices in both bands are then acquired by a probabilistic criterion pertaining to system second-order statistics assessment. A multi-degree-of-freedom hysteretic structure driven by non-stationary and non-Gaussian stochastic ground accelerations is numerically studied, in which three distortion scenarios describing uncertainties in structural properties are considered.FindingsTime-frequency-dependent gain matrices sophisticatedly address non-stationary stochastic excitations, providing efficient ways to independently suppress vibrations between resonant and non-resonant bands. Wavelet level, natural frequency(ies), and ratio of control forces in both bands influence the scheme’s outcomes. Presented approach outperforms existing approach in ensuring trade-off under uncertainty and randomness in system and excitations.Originality/valuePresented control law generates control efforts relying upon resonant and non-resonant bands, and deploys actual structural properties. Cost-function weights and probabilistic criterion are promisingly developed, achieving cost-effectiveness of energy demand versus controlled structural performance.
Enhancing employees’ quality of work life and engagement to foster corporate social responsibility: a data mining approach
Authors: Sareminia Saba , Sajedi Haji Fatemeh 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to present a dynamic model for strategic and personalized decision-making in human resources (HR), using data mining techniques to enhance corporate social sustainability (CSS). The focus is on the interconnectedness of employee engagement (EE), enablement and the quality of work life.

Design/methodology/approach
The proposed model integrates various HR data, including demographic information, job specifications, payment and rewards, attendance and absence, alongside employees’ perceptions of their work-life quality, engagement and enablement. Data mining processes are applied to generate meaningful insights for senior and middle managers.

Findings
The study implemented the model within a production organization, revealing that factors influencing EE and enablement differ based on gender, marital status and occupational group. Performance-based rewards play a significant role in enhancing engagement, regardless of the reward amount. Factors such as “being recognized for competency” influence engagement for women, while payment has a greater impact on men. Engagement does not directly influence the quality of work life, but subcomponents like perceived transparency and the organization’s processes, particularly the “employee performance evaluation system,” improve work-life quality.

Research limitations/implications
The findings are specific to the studied organization, limiting generalizability. Future research should explore the model’s effectiveness in different cultural and organizational settings.

Practical implications
The proposed model provides practical implications for organizations that enhance CSS. Organizations can gain insights into factors influencing EE and enablement by using data mining techniques, enabling informed decision-making and tailored human resource management practices.

Social implications
This research addresses the societal concern regarding the impact of business activities on sustainability. Organizations can contribute to a more socially responsible and sustainable business environment by focusing on work-life quality and EE.

Originality/value
This paper offers a dynamic model using data mining and machine learning techniques for sustainable human resource management. It emphasizes the importance of customization to align practices with the unique needs of the workforce.
Built environment of community enterprise and culture against odds-the case of Kochi on the west coast of India
Authors: Rao Vidya , Nandineni Rama Devi , Panicker Shaji Kananchira 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
This study aims to read ritual performances, built forms and cultural undertones of traumatic migration in the settlements of people at the periphery of mainstream history at Mattancherry in Kochi, India. Interactions between their culture, faith, location, ethnicity and community enterprise are explored. This study is essential in the context of negative social perceptions of internal migration and migrants.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology is ethnography and includes interdisciplinary fieldwork of transect walks, participant observations, unstructured interviews and architectural documentation. Secondary references were community publications and scholarly journals.

Findings
Constant resilient rebuilding was possible through shared identity and community enterprise. Community temples, monastic institutions, volunteer groups and emerging high-net-worth individuals contributed to nurturing this identity. The temple rituals encouraged an egalitarian outlook. Throughout the settlement’s existence, the centrality of the temple and its religious activities remained constant. Community cohesion and endogamous practices create a cultural island distinct from the general population. Community enterprise also meant contribution to prosperity as productive citizens in the region and beyond.

Originality/value
Religion and shared history-based ethnic community enterprise for survival and prosperity postmigration are observed in this settlement. The conducive entrepreneurial atmosphere is set in its historical, cultural and religious context. This study can, therefore, provide insights for policymakers and academia about the interactions between culture, faith and history during the entrepreneurial process. The cultural context is explored as a backdrop of community enterprise posttraumatic migration, informing societal perceptions about migration and migrants.
Clothing disposal in Ethiopia: methods and motives
Authors: Woldeyohanis Yilma Geletu , Berndt Adele , Elifneh Yohannes Workeaferahu 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThis study explores clothing disposal in a developing economy. It focuses on how consumers dispose of clothing and what motives influence them to use a specific disposal method.Design/methodology/approachSemi-structured interviews, a qualitative research method, were conducted with a purposive sample of 27 participants from diverse demographic backgrounds within the developing economy of Ethiopia. The interviews were coded and analysed using thematic analysis to identify categories and themes.FindingsThe findings reveal various clothing disposal methods, such as bartering, donating, gifting, repurposing and reusing, and discarding. Different motives drive consumers to use these methods, including economic benefits, altruism, and convenience.Originality/valueThe study bridges an important knowledge gap in literature mainly on three aspects, as highlighted by previous research. Theoretically, in addition to proposing a different perspective of bartering as a disposal method, the study investigates the motives behind clothing disposal methods from diverse consumer groups and proposes a conceptual framework to illustrate the link between clothing disposal methods and motives. Methodologically, the study addresses the call for a more inclusive and diverse sample, considering gender and varied socio-economic groups. Contextually, while previous research has focused on developed economies, this study explains clothing disposal methods and motives from a developing economy context, specifically Ethiopia.
Integrating intellectual capital disclosure in an integrated thinking perspective
Authors: Tonelli Alberto , Rizzato Fabio , Busso Donatella , Devalle Alain 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to verify whether the disclosure of intellectual capital (IC) positively affects the level of integration of financial and sustainability information.Design/methodology/approachThe sample of the analysis relies on European public companies. The data were gathered from Refinitiv, focussing on a multi-year observation from 2013 to 2021 and performing a fixed-effect regression. According to the extant literature, the authors developed the Intellectual Capital Score and the Integrated Thinking and Reporting Score.FindingsThe more disclosure of IC, the more financial and sustainability information is integrated. Indeed, the results confirm that the disclosure of IC enhances the level of integration of financial and sustainability information.Research limitations/implicationsThe study enriches academic knowledge about IC in conjunction with integrated reporting (IR) and integrated thinking by highlighting its relevance in the value-creation process and acting as a trait d’union of the disciplines.Practical implicationsFor standard setters, the research may be framed to redefine the guidelines explaining the information on IC to be disclosed. Moreover, it could be helpful for practitioners when identifying the IC information that deserves to be disclosed, other than being exploitable to conduct enterprises geared towards adopting integrated reports.Originality/valueThis study answers the call for further research on the relationship between financial information and sustainability information to highlight their joint perspectives quantitatively.
Social media and professional growth: the rhetoric of educator professional development
Authors: Wilson Beth 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
The professional development (PD) of teachers is vital to student learning, yet PD continues to be plagued by positivist assumptions and low teacher buy-in. Because PD is based on persuasion, and because the roles of PD providers and receivers are not as discrete as they appear, rhetorical theory offers a valuable framework for understanding teacher PD. This study applied rhetorical theory to educator PD to elucidate the complex roles that educators take on as the event unfolds, whether in person or on social media.

Design/methodology/approach
This collective instrumental case study used a holistic design structure to examine how educators embrace, resist or otherwise respond to the roles they are given in PD in person and using social media; and how educators use the affordances of X (formerly Twitter) to shift rhetorical roles in X-based PD activities. A taxonomy was developed to apply the theory accurately and consistently. Data collection included semi-structured interviews and participants’ PD-related X use. Interviews were analyzed using descriptive coding by theme. X data was analyzed in three dimensions by use type, topic and rhetorical move.

Findings
The participants exhibited enthusiasm about both receiving and providing PD. Analysis of the participants’ perceptions of their PD and of their PD-related X use revealed shifting and layered ways they embrace, resist and otherwise engage with the roles they are given in PD, as well as the complex ways they used the affordances of X to engage with all of the available roles online.

Originality/value
In examining teacher PD using an ecological model of the rhetorical situation, this case study demonstrated the usefulness of rhetoric as a framework for PD that recognizes the nuanced and powerful roles teachers fulfill in their own PD activities in person and on social media.
Adopting AI teammates in knowledge-intensive crowdsourcing contests: the roles of transparency and explainability
Authors: Wang Ziheng , Wang Jiachen , Tian Chengyu , Ali Ahsan , Yin Xicheng 
Published: May 2024

PurposeAs the role of AI on human teams shifts from a tool to a teammate, the implementation of AI teammates into knowledge-intensive crowdsourcing (KI-C) contest teams represents a forward-thinking and feasible solution to improve team performance. Since contest teams are characterized by virtuality, temporality, competitiveness, and skill diversity, the human-AI interaction mechanism underlying conventional teams is no longer applicable. This study empirically analyzes the effects of AI teammate attributes on human team members’ willingness to adopt AI in crowdsourcing contests.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire-based online experiment was designed to perform behavioral data collection. We obtained 206 valid anonymized samples from 28 provinces in China. The Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) model was used to test the proposed hypotheses.FindingsWe find that the transparency and explainability of AI teammates have mediating effects on human team members’ willingness to adopt AI through trust. Due to the different tendencies exhibited by members with regard to three types of cognitive load, nonlinear U-shaped relationships are observed among explainability, cognitive load, and willingness to adopt AI.Originality/valueWe provide design ideas for human-AI team mechanisms in KI-C scenarios, and rationally explain how the U-shaped relationship between AI explainability and cognitive load emerges.
Treatment patterns and clinical outcomes of resectable clinical stage III non‐small cell lung cancer in a Japanese real‐world setting: Surgery cohort analysis of the SOLUTION study
Authors: Tsuboi Masahiro , Murakami Haruyasu , Harada Hideyuki , Sobue Tomotaka , Kato Tomohiro , Atagi Shinji , Tokito Takaaki , Mio Tadashi , Adachi Hirofumi , Kozuki Toshiyuki , Sone Takashi , Seike Masahiro , Toyooka Shinichi , Kitagawa Hiroshi , Koto Ryo , Yamazaki Satoshi , Horinouchi Hidehito 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo elucidate the treatment and surgery outcomes with or without perioperative therapies in Japanese patients with clinical stage III non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in real‐world settings.MethodsWe performed subset analyses of the SOLUTION study, a multicenter, noninterventional, observational study of Japanese patients diagnosed with clinical stage III NSCLC, for those who started first‐line treatment (surgery±perioperative therapy) between January 2013 and December 2014 (study registration: UMIN000031385). Follow‐up data were obtained using medical records from diagnosis to March 1, 2018.ResultsOf 149 eligible patients, 67 underwent surgery alone (median age 71 years) and 82 underwent surgery+perioperative therapy (median age 63 years). Lung resection was performed in 137 patients and the others underwent exploratory thoracotomy or other procedures. Perioperative therapies included adjuvant therapy only (n = 41), neoadjuvant therapy only (n = 24), and neoadjuvant+adjuvant therapy (n = 17). The median overall survival (OS) and 3‐year OS rate were 29.3 months and 44.0%, respectively, in patients who underwent surgery alone, and not reached and 61.1%, respectively, in patients who underwent surgery+perioperative therapy. The 3‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) rates were 42.4% and 47.1%, respectively, in patients who underwent surgery+perioperative therapy and 28.5% and 28.9%, respectively, in patients who underwent surgery alone. In multivariable Cox regression, perioperative therapy was associated with improved OS (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] 0.49 [0.29–0.81]), PFS (0.62 [0.39–0.96]), and DFS (0.62 [0.39–0.97]) versus surgery alone.ConclusionsOur study suggested that perioperative therapy may be associated with better survival among patients undergoing surgical treatment of clinical stage III NSCLC.
Is wedge resection equivalent to segmentectomy in pathological stage IA (≤2 cm) non‐small cell lung cancers?
Authors: Zhang Zhirong , Li Feng , Chen Shuo , Hu Bin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundSublobar resection (wedge resection and segmentectomy) has been established as an oncologically equivalent option to lobectomy for early‐stage patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) ≤ 2 cm. However, the optimal approach of sublobar resection remains subject to debate. In the present study we aimed to compare the oncological outcomes of wedge resection and segmentectomy in these patients.MethodsWe identified patients with pT1a‐bN0M0 NSCLC who underwent wedge resection and segmentectomy from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database between 2010 and 2020. A Cox regression model and propensity‐score matching (PSM) analysis were used. Overall survival (OS) and lung cancer‐specific survival (LCSS) were compared using the Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsA total of 4190 patients met our selection criteria, including wedge resection in 3137 and segmentectomy in 1053. Patients undergoing wedge resection were less likely to have total lymph nodes resected (4 vs. 7, p < 0.001). Before PSM, patients undergoing segmentectomy had a higher 5‐year OS rate (87.75% vs. 82.72%; p = 0.0023), while exhibiting a similar LCSS rate (93.45% vs. 92.73%; p = 0.32). After PSM, segmentectomy consistently demonstrated significantly better OS and there was no statistically significant difference in LCSS. Analysis of causes of death revealed that a higher incidence of deaths related to other causes among patients undergoing wedge resection compared to those undergoing segmentectomy.ConclusionsBoth wedge resection and segmentectomy yield comparable oncological outcomes for patients with NSCLC ≤ 2 cm, although segmentectomy exhibits superior OS due to less death related to other causes.
Are we just talking in circles? Impact of psychoeducation on disease knowledge and relapse in severe alcohol use disorder
Authors: Maurage Pierre , Boudehent Céline , Ferrié Louise , Cabé Nicolas , Pitel Anne‐Lise 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundPsychoeducation constitutes a routine therapeutic practice in most treatment settings for severe alcohol use disorder (sAUD). This technique is considered an efficient way to help patients to learn more about their disease and achieve therapeutic objectives. However, this approach capitalizes on three untested assumptions: namely, that (1) patients with sAUD possess insufficient knowledge about sAUD at treatment entry; (2) patients with sAUD have the cognitive resources to learn new information and benefit from psychoeducation; and (3) psychoeducation positively impacts clinical outcomes.MethodsWe tested these assumptions in two experimental studies. In the first experiment in 66 recently detoxified patients with sAUD and 102 matched healthy controls, we measured baseline knowledge on sAUD through self‐reported questionnaires, determined whether an up‐to‐date psychoeducation program can improve this knowledge, explored the role of cognitive abilities in such learning, and established the impact of psychoeducation on relapse rates. In a second experiment in 23 patients and 17 healthy controls, we examined whether the increased knowledge following psychoeducation is alcohol specific, and whether the motivation to change influences the relation between psychoeducation and clinical outcomes.ResultsAt treatment entry, patients with sAUD presented with more sAUD‐related knowledge than healthy controls, and were able to increase this knowledge following psychoeducation, independently of their cognitive status. However, psychoeducation did not impact either the motivation to change or relapse rates.ConclusionsPsychoeducation can increase patients' knowledge about sAUD, but it does not increase the likelihood of abstinence or controlled low consumption after discharge. Thus, clinicians should question whether psychoeducation should occupy a central position in the therapeutic programs and reconsider what can be expected from psychoeducation in terms of achieving therapeutic objectives.
Monitoring disease progression in metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease
Authors: Noureddin Nabil , Copur‐Dahi Nedret , Loomba Rohit 
Published: May 2024

SummaryBackgroundMetabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease. Its prevalence is increasing with the epidemic of obesity and metabolic syndrome. MASLD progression into metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and advanced fibrosis may lead to decompensated cirrhosis and development of liver‐related events, hepatocellular carcinoma and death. Monitoring disease progression is critical in decreasing morbidity, mortality, need for transplant and economic burden. Assessing for treatment response once FDA‐approved medications are available is still an unmet clinical need.AimsTo explore the most up‐to‐date literature on testing used for monitoring disease progression and treatment responseMethodsWe searched PubMed from inception to 15 August 2023, using the following MeSH terms: ‘MASLD’, ‘Metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease’, ‘MASH’, ‘metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis’, ‘Non‐Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease’, ‘NAFLD’, ‘non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis’, ‘NASH’, ‘Biomarkers’, ‘clinical trial’. Articles were also identified through searches of the authors' files. The final reference list was generated based on originality and relevance to this review's broad scope, considering only papers published in English.ResultsWe have cited 101 references in this review detailing methods to monitor MASLD disease progression and treatment response.ConclusionVarious biomarkers can be used in different care settings to monitor disease progression. Further research is needed to validate noninvasive tests more effectively.
Relapse after glofitamab, a novel unmet medical need with high rates of CD20 loss
Authors: Carlo‐Stella Carmelo 
Published: May 2024

The prognosis of r/r DLBCL has changed substantially over the past decade due to the introduction of T‐cell‐activating therapies. Besides generating a new curative perspective for a proportion of r/r DLBCL, chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell therapy and bispecific antibodies are generating new unmet needs. The report by Grigg and colleagues now shows that glofitamab‐refractory, CD20‐negative patients represent a new unmet medical need requiring therapeutic targets other than CD20 and novel therapies to reduce the risk of CD20 loss.Commentary on: Grigg et al. Relapse after glofitamab has a poor prognosis, and rates of CD20 loss are high. Br J Haematol 2024;205:122–126.