bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variable‐field relaxometry of iron‐containing human tissues: a preliminary study
Authors: Hocq Aline , Brouette Nicolas , Saussez Sven , Luhmer Michel , Gillis Pierre , Gossuin Yves 
Published: July 2009

AbstractExcess iron is found in brain nuclei from neurodegenerative patients (with Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and Huntington's diseases) and also in the liver and spleen of cirrhosis, hemochromatosis and thalassaemia patients. Ferritin, the iron‐storing protein of mammals, is known to darken T2‐weighted MR images. Understanding NMR tissue behavior may make it possible to detect those diseases, to follow their evolution and finally to establish a protocol for non‐invasive measurement of an organ's iron content using MRI methods. In this preliminary work, the MR relaxation properties of embalmed iron‐containing tissues were studied as well as their potential correlation with the iron content of these tissues. Relaxometric measurements (T1 and T2) of embalmed samples of brain nuclei (caudate nucleus, dentate nucleus, globus pallidus, putamen, red nucleus and substantia nigra), liver and spleen from six donors were made at different magnetic fields (0.00023–14 T). The influence of the inter‐echo time on transverse relaxation was also studied. Moreover, iron content of tissues was determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. In brain nuclei, 1/T2 increases quadratically with the field and depends on the inter‐echo time in CPMG sequences at high fields, both features compatible with an outer sphere relaxation theory. In liver and spleen, 1/T2 increases linearly with the field and depends on the inter‐echo time at all fields. In our study, a correlation between 1/T2 and iron concentration is observed. Explaining the relaxation mechanism for these tissues is likely to require a combination of several models. The value of 1/T2 at high field could be used to evaluate iron accumulation in vivo. In the future, confirmation of those features is expected to be achieved from measurements of fresh (not embalmed) human tissues. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Therapeutic impact disclosure: A last taboo in psychoanalytic theory and practice
Authors: Kiesler Donald J. , Van Denburg Todd F. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis article highlights the therapeutic intervention of impact disclosure. Impact disclosure occurs when the therapist voices to the patient his or her perceptions of and reactions to the patient's actions, as experienced by the therapist during their sessions. We first provide a brief statement of the interpersonal communications theory in which the intervention originally was embedded. Then we summarize essential definitions of impact disclosure, principles that might guide its use in therapy, and available empirical findings. Next we discuss perspectives on countertransference by recent psychoanalytic writers. Finally, we confront theoretical and other concerns regarding use of impact disclosure in treatment and discuss its advantages, with the hope that the intervention might assume its rightful place both in the practice and research of psychoanalysis and psychotherapy.
Cognition and psychodynamics: A modest proposal
Authors: Hammen Constance 
Published: July 2009

AbstractOnly 15 years ago cognitive models and cognitive therapies were taking shape and were beginning to usher in a veritable new era in psychopathology and treatment. As the very existence of a World Congress attests, the cognitive therapy movement has paid off handsomely. It has reaped tremendous benefits for its pioneers, practitioners, patients, its scientists and students. We have much to celebrate in our collective accomplishments, and we can certainly make rosy predictions about the future of cognitive therapy.Yet, my goal is not to review the achievements of cognitive models. Despite all that we have legitimate reason to be proud and enthusiastic about, there are some significant gaps in the work that comprises cognitive approaches, and those are what I want to discuss. Some of the gaps are occurring precisely in the areas that were once the special strength of this field. The other gaps I consider to be developmental, in the sense of needing to take new steps now that we have reached a certain level of maturity. I will talk about these two set of gaps, and in so doing present some modest proposals for future directions.
The dissociation questionnaire (DIS‐Q): Development and characteristics of a new self‐report questionnaire
Authors: Vanderlinden Johan , Van Dyck Richard , Vandereycken Walter , Vertommen Hans , Jan Verkes Robert 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA new self‐report instrument for the screening of dissociative symptoms, the Dissociation Questionnaire (DIS‐Q), has been administered to a representative sample of the Dutch and Flemish population on two occasions (N = 374 and N = 378). Four subscales were found, which together accounted for 77% of the common variance: (1) identity confusion; (2) loss of control over behaviour, thoughts and emotions; (3) amnesia; and (4) absorption. The DIS‐Q shows good to excellent internal consistency and test–retest reliability together with good construct and congruent validity. The authors conclude that the DIS‐Q might be of great help in the assessment of dissociative symptoms.
Stumbling blocks in the supervision of cognitive psychotherapy
Authors: Perris Carlo 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIssues concerning supervision, let alone the training of supervisors, can at best be described as deficient in the cognitive psychotherapy literature. The aim of the present article is to examine some aspects of the supervisory process which may hinder its unfolding. Some stumbling‐blocks relating to the supervisory context, the supervisee, and the supervisor are identified and some suggestions how to avoid them are made. Also, possible areas of research are pointed out besides that concerned with monitoring that therapists employ cognitive therapy in an orthodox manner. Even though the author is in favour of cognitive psychotherapy, reference is also made to relevant knowledge which has accumulated in other domains of psychotherapy on the assumption that, by analogy with therapy, there are factors common to and shared by all kinds of supervision, independent of context, or theoretical orientation.
Doubt reduction using distinctive stimuli as a treatment for compulsive checking: An exploratory investigation
Authors: Tallis F. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThree cases are reported in which checking behaviours were eliminated using a doubt reduction procedure. The procedure involves making a successfully accomplished action (e.g. closing a door) more memorable, by associating it with an artificial and distinctive stimulus. Subsequent doubt relating to the successfully accomplished target behaviour is ameliorated by forming a mental image of the distinctive stimulus. A ‘fading’ component improves the likelihood of maintaining treatment gains after artificial stimuli are withdrawn. It is suggested that the technique's efficacy may be attributable to increased ‘confidence in memory’ mediated by image formation.
Grief: Its significance for rehabilitation in schizophrenia
Authors: Appelo M. T. , Slooff C. J. , Woonings F. M. J. , Carson J. , Louwerens J. W. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn this paper the clinical relevance of grief in the rehabilitation of schizophrenia is highlighted. It is suggested that operationalization of impairments in schizophrenia reveals significant losses and consequent reactions, which become manifest as a clinical picture which shows a striking resemblance to grief reactions. After outlining the concept of grief, losses in schizophrenia and the partial overlap of symptoms of grief and schizophrenia are described. The concept of grief has important therapeutic consequences. Like in grief therapy, acceptance and activation are identified as the central components of the process of rehabilitation.
Determining Quality of Life and Sleep in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Tel Havva 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBACKGROUNDHemodialysis causes major changes in patients' lifestyles that affect their quality of life (QoL) and sleep quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of life and sleep of hemodialysis patients.METHODS AND MATERIALSThe study sample was 138 patients receiving dialysis in a university hospital dialysis unit. Data were collected with a personal information form (PIF), Medical Outcomes Study 36‐item Short Form (SF‐36) questionnaire, and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).RESULTSAll of the hemodialysis patients had low quality of life. There was a significant correlation between QoL and sleep quality (p < .001); as QoL decreased sleep quality also decreased. As patients' age increased their QoL and sleep decreased. Women, housewives, those with no formal education, and patients living in extended families had lower QoL. Patients aged 51 years and older had low QoL and sleep. No significant difference was found in QoL and sleep according to the patient's duration of hemodialysis (p > .05).CONCLUSIONHemodialysis patients have a low QoL and there is a close correlation between QoL and sleep quality. Interventions to help dialysis patients maintain their QoL and sleep are as important as extending their lives.
Nonylphenol‐induced cytosolic Ca2+ elevation and death in renal tubular cells
Authors: Tsai Jeng‐Yu , Huang Chorng‐Chih , Cheng He‐Hsiung , Lin Ko‐Long , Liao Wei‐Chuan , Jan Chung‐Ren 
Published: July 2009

AbstractNonylphenol is an environmental endocrine disrupter. The effect of nonylphenol on intracellular free Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+]i) and viability in Madin‐Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells was explored. Nonylphenol increased [Ca2+]i in a concentration‐dependent manner (EC50∼0.8 μM). Nonylphenol‐induced Mn2+ entry demonstrated Ca2+ influx and removal of extracellular Ca2+ partly decreased the [Ca2+]i rise. The [Ca2+]i rise was inhibited by the protein kinase C activator, phorbol 13‐myristate acetate (PMA) but not by L‐type Ca2+ channel blockers. In Ca2+‐free medium, nonylphenol‐induced [Ca2+]i rise was partly inhibited by pretreatment with 1 μM thapsigargin (an endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump inhibitor). Conversely, nonylphenol pretreatment abolished thapsigargin‐induced Ca2+ release. Nonylphenol‐induced Ca2+ release was unaltered by inhibition of phospholipase C. At concentrations of 5–100 μM, nonylphenol killed cells in a concentration‐dependent manner. The cytotoxic effect of 100 μM nonylphenol was not affected by preventing [Ca2+]i rises with BAPTA/AM. Collectively, this study shows that nonylphenol induced [Ca2+]i increase in MDCK cells via evoking Ca2+ entry through protein kinase C‐regulated Ca2+ channels, and releasing Ca2+ from endoplasmic reticulum and other stores in a phospholipase C‐independent manner. Nonylphenol also killed cells in a Ca2+‐independent fashion. Drug Dev Res, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synergistic antiallodynic interaction of the metamizol‐gabapentin combination
Authors: Ortega‐Varela Luis F. , Herrera Jorge E. , Caram‐Salas Nadia L. , Rocha‐Gonzalez Hector I. , Torres‐López Jorge E. , Granados‐Soto Vinicio 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis study was designed to evaluate the possible antiallodynic interaction between metamizol and gabapentin in rats submitted to L5/L6 spinal nerve ligation. Metamizol, gabapentin, or a combination of both drugs were assessed after oral and intrathecal administration in neuropathic rats. Metamizol partially reduced tactile allodynia after intrathecal, but not oral, administration. Conversely, gabapentin reduced tactile allodynia in a dose‐dependent manner after both administration routes. Oral administration of a constant dose of metamizol (600 mg/kg) significantly increased the gabapentin‐induced antiallodynic effect. Moreover, the gabapentin ED50 value was lower in the presence than in the absence of metamizol. Intrathecal co‐administration of metamizol and gabapentin in a dose‐fixed ratio (0.5:0.5) reduced tactile allodynia in rats. The theoretical ED30 value for the spinal combination estimated from the isobologram was 118.4±12 µg, whereas that experimental ED30 value was 66.2±10.1 µg indicating a synergistic interaction. Results indicate that metamizol, a cyclo‐oxygenase 2 inhibitor, is able to reduce tactile allodynia as well to increase the antiallodynic effect of gabapentin in the neuropathic rat. This combination could be useful to treat neuropathic pain in humans. Drug Dev Res 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Failure of beta‐cell function to compensate lack of insulin action in hyperuricemic subjects
Authors: Simental‐Mendía Luis E. , Rodríguez‐Morán Martha , Guerrero‐Romero Fernando 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackgroundElevated serum uric acid has been related to insulin resistance, but there are no studies regarding its association with beta‐cell function. In this study, we examine the response of beta‐cell function to compensate insulin resistance in hyperuricaemic subjects.MethodsPopulation‐based cross‐sectional study. A total of 212 healthy individuals, men and non‐pregnant women, aged 20–65 years, were randomly recruited and allocated into groups with hyperuricaemia or normouricaemia that were matched by value of Belfiore index. Hyperuricaemia was defined by serum uric acid concentration ≥416 µmol/L in men and ≥357 µmol/L in women. To evaluate the compensation of insulin secretion to variation of insulin sensitivity, we used a surrogate of the hyperbolic model of beta‐cell function based on Belfiore and Homeostasis Model Analysis beta‐cell (HOMA‐ß) indexes; the area under curves (AUC) was calculated. The association between the uric acid levels and the AUC was estimated using a multivariate regression analysis adjusted by age, sex, and waist circumference.ResultsHyperuricaemia was identified in 77 (36.3%) individuals. A total of 39 (50.6%) hyperuricaemic and 44 (32.6%) normouricaemic subjects had diagnosis of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), p = 0.01. In the total population, the AUCs in the hyperuricaemic and normouricaemic groups were 1.60725 cm2 and 3.9819 cm2, respectively (odds ratio [OR] 3.9; CI 95% 1.4–8.9). Among the 83 individuals with IGT, the AUCs in the subgroups with and without hyperuricaemia were 0.8495 cm2 and 2.42075 cm2, respectively (OR 2.7; CI 95% 1.3–10.1).ConclusionsOur results show the failure of beta‐cell function to compensate variation of insulin sensitivity in the hyperuricaemic individuals. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ecohydrology of a semi‐arid forest: partitioning among water balance components and its implications for predicted precipitation changes
Authors: Yaseef Naama Raz , Yakir Dan , Rotenberg Eyal , Schiller Gabriel , Cohen Shabtai 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe distribution of precipitation inputs into different hydrological components of water‐limited forest ecosystems determines water availability to trees and consequently forest productivity. We constructed a complete hydrological budget of a semi‐arid pine forest (285 mm annual precipitation) by directly measuring its main components: precipitation (P), soil water content, evapotranspiration (ET, eddy covariance), tree transpiration (sap flux), soil evaporation (soil chambers), and intercepted precipitation (calculated). Our results indicated that on average for the 4‐year study period,ETaccounted for 94% ofP, varying between 100% whenP< 250 mm and 85% whenP> 300 mm (with indications for losses to subsurface flow and soil moisture storage in wetter years). Direct measurements of the components of theETflux demonstrated that both transpiration and soil evaporation were significant in this dry forest (45% and 36% ofET, respectively). Comparison between ecosystemET(eddy covariance measurements) and the sum of its measured components showed good agreement on annual scales, but up to 30% discrepancies (in both directions) on shorter timescales. The pulsed storm pattern, characteristics of semi‐arid climates, was sufficient to maintain the topsoil layer wet during the whole wet season. Only less often and intensive storms resulted in infiltration to the root zone, increasing water availability for uptake by deeper roots. Our results indicate that climate change predictions that link reduced precipitation with increased storm intensity may have a smaller effect on water availability to forest ecosystems than reduced precipitation alone, which could help forests' survival and maintain productivity even under drier conditions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Strong Evidence for an Unprecedented Borderline Case of Dissociation and Cycloaddition in Open‐Shell 1,3‐Dipole Chemistry: Transient Nitrilium Phosphane‐Ylide Complex Radical Cations
Authors: Helten Holger , Fankel Stefan , Feier‐Iova Ovidiu , Nieger Martin , Espinosa Ferao Arturo , Streubel Rainer 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe reaction of 3‐ferrocenyl‐substituted 2H‐azaphosphirene complexes1a–cin the presence of substoichiometric amounts of ferrocenium hexafluorophosphate yields 3,5‐diferrocenyl‐substituted 2H‐1,4,2‐diazaphosphole complexes3a–cand difluoro(organo)phosphane complexes4a–c. The reaction of1a,cand [FcH]PF6with cyanoferrocene yields3a,cin a straightforward way. The molecular structures of3a,cwere unambiguously identified by multinuclear NMR spectroscopic experiments, mass spectrometry, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. DFT calculations on model complexes1d–mand3d–mreveal a close similarity of Mo and W complexes (vs. Cr) and a strong influence of the ferrocenyl substituent on the geometry, spin, and charge distribution of reactive intermediates and the reaction course. Strong support for the assumption of a dissociation–cycloaddition reaction sequence leading to3and thus a surprising “cannibalistic” reaction was obtained.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Bulky P*‐Chirogenic Diazaphospholidines as Monodentate Ligands for Asymmetric Catalysis
Authors: Gavrilov Konstantin N. , Benetskiy Eduard B. , Grishina Tatiana B. , Rastorguev Eugenie A. , Maksimova Marina G. , Zheglov Sergey V. , Davankov Vadim A. , Schäffner Benjamin , Börner Armin , Rosset Stephane , Bailat Gaelle , Alexakis Alexandre 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA series of easily prepared bulky P*‐chiral diamidophosphites based on (2R,5S)‐3‐phenyl‐1,3‐diaza‐2‐phosphabicyclo[3.3.0]octane and (2R,5S)‐3‐(p‐bromophenyl)‐1,3‐diaza‐2‐phosphabicyclo[3.3.0]octane backbones have been designed and developed. Ligands of this type exhibited high enantioselectivities in Pd‐catalysed allylic substitution reactions of (E)‐1,3‐diphenylallyl acetate with NaSO2pTol (up to 87 % ee), CH2(CO2Me)2 (up to 92 % ee), (C3H7)2NH (up to 93 % ee) and (CH2)4NH (up to 99 % ee). These novel stereoselectors have also been successfully employed in Rh‐catalysed asymmetric hydrogenations of dimethyl itaconate (up to 76 % ee), methyl (Z)‐2‐acetamido‐3‐phenylacrylate (up to 73 % ee) and methyl 2‐acetamidoacrylate (up to 98 % ee). Cu‐catalysed conjugate addition of diethylzinc to cyclohexenone leads to a maximum of 70 % ee with quantitative conversion.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Carbamate‐Linked (Oligo)phenothiazines in Mesoporous Silica by Post‐Synthetic Grafting: Fluorescent Redox‐Active Hybrid Materials
Authors: Franz Adam W. , Zhou Zhou , Turdean Raluca , Wagener Alex , Sarkar Biprajit , Hartmann Martin , Ernst Stefan , Thiel Werner R. , Müller Thomas J. J. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractMesoporous hybrid materials of (oligo)phenothiazines covalently grafted onto MCM‐41 or SBA‐15 silica have been readily prepared from (oligo)phenothiazinyl carbamates. The phenothiazine precursors show interesting electronic properties according to electronic spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The resulting electronically active hybrid materials display fluorescence and can be oxidized to give stable radical‐cationic species upon mild oxidation. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
When wanting and fearing go together: The effect of co‐occurring social approach and avoidance motivation on behavior, affect, and cognition
Authors: Nikitin Jana , Freund Alexandra M. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThree studies investigated the association of social approach and avoidance motivation with cognition, behavior, emotions, and subjective well‐being. Study 1 (N = 245), a correlative self‐report study, showed that approach and avoidance motivation mediated the effects of adult attachment‐styles on social anxiety. A secure attachment‐style was associated with co‐occurring approach and avoidance motivation. Study 2, a social‐interaction study (N = 38), revealed an association of avoidance motivation with a negative experience and passive behavior, and approach motivation with a positive experience and active behavior. Interestingly, the interaction of approach and avoidance motivation predicted engaged behavior and a positive emotional experience. Study 3 (N = 203), an online survey, showed that subjective well‐being was negatively associated with high avoidance motivation, irrespective of the strength of approach motivation. Taken together, the studies show that social approach and avoidance motivation interact in predicting positive experiences and social behavior in a concrete social situation. However, from the long‐term perspective, the negative consequences of social avoidance motivation seem to prevail when approach and avoidance motivation co‐occur. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Selective exposure: The impact of framing information search instructions as gains and losses
Authors: Kastenmüller Andreas , Fischer Peter , Jonas Eva , Greitemeyer Tobias , Frey Dieter , Köppl Julia , Aydin Nilüfer 
Published: July 2009

AbstractPrevious research has found that people prefer information that supports rather than conflicts with their decisions (selective exposure). In the present paper, we investigated whether selective exposure was influenced by the method of information collection. Based on Prospect Theory we hypothesized that the method of selection (MOS), where simply selected pieces of information are considered, would lead to a higher selective exposure compared to the method of elimination (MOE), where pieces of information are rejected and the remaining pieces of information are considered. In fact, we found that participants collected information more selectively when they were instructed to use the MOS compared to the MOE. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How love and sex can influence recognition of faces and words: A processing model account
Authors: Förster Jens 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA link between romantic love and face recognition and sexual desire and verbal recognition is suggested. When in love, people typically focus on a long‐term perspective which enhances global perception, whereas when experiencing sexual encounters they focus on the present which enhances a perception of details. Because people automatically activate these processing styles when in love or sex, subtle reminders of love versus sex should suffice to change ways of perception. Global processing should further enhance face recognition, whereas local processing should enhance recognition of verbal information. In two studies participants were primed with concepts and thoughts of love versus sex. Compared to control groups, recognition of verbal material was enhanced after sex priming, whereas face recognition was enhanced after love priming. In Experiment 2 it was demonstrated that differences in global versus local perception mediated these effects. However, there was no indication for mood as a mediator. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.