bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical efficacy of intradermal type I collagen injections in treating skin photoaging in patients from high-altitude areas
Authors: Yang Bin , He Ao , Bu Bin-Bin , Zhuo Gong , Zhou Qing-Zhu , He Jia-Hang , Liu Liu , Huang Wen-Li , Zhao Xian 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND
Photoaging, a result of chronic sun exposure, leads to skin damage and pigmentation changes. Traditional treatments may have limitations in high-altitude areas like Yunnan Province. Intradermal Col Ι injections stimulate collagen production, potentially improving skin quality. This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of this treatment for photoaging.
AIM
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intradermal type Ι collagen (Col Ι) injection for treating photoaging.
METHODS
This prospective, self-controlled study investigated the impact of intradermal injections of Col Ι on skin photodamage in 20 patients from the Yunnan Province. Total six treatment sessions were conducted every 4 wk ± 3 d. Before and after each treatment, facial skin characteristics were quantified using a VISIA skin detector. Skin thickness data were assessed using the ultrasound probes of the Dermalab skin detector. The Face-Q scale was used for subjective evaluation of the treatment effect by the patients.
RESULTS
The skin thickness of the right cheek consistently increased after each treatment session compared with baseline. The skin thickness of the left cheek significantly increased after the third through sixth treatment sessions compared with baseline. The skin thickness of the right zygomatic region increased after the second to sixth treatment sessions, whereas that of the left zygomatic region showed a significant increase after the fourth through sixth treatment sessions. The skin thickness of both temporal regions significantly increased after the fifth and sixth treatment sessions compared with baseline (P < 0.05). These findings were also supported by skin ultrasound images. The feature count for the red areas and wrinkle feature count decreased following the treatment (P < 0.05). VISIA assessments also revealed a decrease in the red areas after treatment. The Face-Q-Satisfaction with Facial Appearance Overall and Face-Q-Satisfaction with Skin scores significantly increased after each treatment session. The overall appearance of the patients improved after treatment.
CONCLUSION
Intradermal Col Ι injection improves photoaging, with higher patient satisfaction and fewer adverse reactions, and could be an effective treatment method for populations residing in high-altitude areas.
Liver abscess and tracheal fistula induced by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Zhang Fu-Long , Xu Jing , Jiang Yu-Hong , Zhu Yuan-Dong , Wu Qian-Neng , Shi Yan , Zhu Fang-Yuan , Chen Jing-Wen , Wu Liang-Xiao 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND
Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a standard treatment for intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The complications of TACE include biliary tract infection, liver dysfunction, tumor lysis syndrome, biloma, partial intestinal obstruction, cerebral lipiodol embolism, etc . There are few reports about tracheal fistula induced by TACE.
CASE SUMMARY
A 42-year-old man came to our hospital with cough and expectoration for 1 mo after TACE for HCC. Laboratory test results showed abnormalities of albumin, hemoglobin, prothrombin time, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, and prothrombin. Culture of both phlegm and liver pus revealed growth of Citrobacter flavescens . Computed tomography showed infection in the inferior lobe of the right lung and a low-density lesion with gas in the right liver. Liver ultrasound showed that there was a big hypoechoic liquid lesion without blood flow signal. Drainage for liver abscess by needle puncture under ultrasonic guidance was performed. After 1 mo of drainage and anti-infection therapy, the abscess in the liver and the infection in the lung were reduced obviously, and the symptom of expectoration was relieved.
CONCLUSION
Clinicians should be alert to the possibility of complications of liver abscess and tracheal fistula after TACE for HCC. Drainage for liver abscess by needle puncture under ultrasonic guidance could relieve the liver abscess and tracheal fistula.
Science and Politics as Separate Domains
Authors: Soneryd Linda , Sundqvist Göran 
Published: May 2024

Science and democracy have emerged as important institutions in modern Western societies. But what does it mean that a society is ‘modern’? Among other things, modernity means that the world is understood in the light of scientific knowledge, instead of traditional knowledge and religious beliefs. Scientific knowledge takes precedence over other forms of knowledge and becomes the yardstick from which other knowledge claims are judged. This situation becomes an important part of the characterization of modernity (Beck 1992: Chapter 7). That science becomes superior to other forms of knowledge in modern society is only valid on a rather basic level. However, we are expected to accept that the earth was not created in seven days, that all living things consist of one or more cells, and that the dropped coffee cup falls to the ground due to gravity. The limit, or the boundary, of what issues can legitimately be answered from a scientific point of view can never be strictly formulated. Does climate change have human causes? Has extreme weather become more common due to a higher global average temperature? Is a global climate tax the best measure for reducing greenhouse gas emissions? Do we all need to change our individual lifestyles due to climate change? Where in the climate discussion does science end and politics start, and is climate change mitigation a scientific issue at all? These questions illustrate that it is not obvious what questions science can answer and when science should have priority over other kinds of knowledge.
Close but Not Too Close
Authors: Soneryd Linda , Sundqvist Göran 
Published: May 2024

As an interlude, this chapter is an effort to connect, bridge, and provide an overlap between the other two parts of this book: Separation and Co-production. In this work, the picture of a clear division between science and politics is complicated. The focus is on science and politics as two separate activities with their own institutions and practices, but the chapter also turns to the question of how the interplay between science and politics is understood in terms of overlaps and connections. Better communication, increased proximity, or more interaction while maintaining an arm’s-length distance – there are many expressions of how science and politics connect and should be connected; and from the science side, they can be summarized as an ambition to make science relevant to policy, to make it close to politics but not too close (Gieryn 1995: 435, referring to Jasanoff 1990). In other words, policy-relevant research involves a balancing act between separation and integration (Sundqvist et al 2015, 2018). According to this view, research must be sufficiently separate to maintain its autonomy, but integrated enough to be socially relevant. This ambition entails a critique of an overly strong division, but also points out the risks that one side will take command of the other. From this perspective, a scientization of politics and a politicization of science are both highly undesirable and considered as risks. There is thus a need for a proper distance between science and politics. To be fair, it is noted that several of the approaches and perspectives presented in Chapter 3 devote a great deal of effort to understanding the interplay between science and politics.
Englishness and Football Cultures: Belonging, Race and the Nation
Authors: Solomos John 
Published: May 2024

Over the past few decades, the role of race and racism in contemporary football cultures has been an issue that has attracted both scholarly and policy interest. In this chapter, the focus is on the evolution in the ways these issues have been analysed. Although much early research focused on the image of the racist football hooligan as the subject of concern, we have seen more efforts in the period since the 2000s to engage with the wider bodies of scholarship on race, ethnicity and national identity. The chapter begins by providing an overview of the background to the process of race making in football cultures. I then move on to discuss the impact of these processes of race making on Black players and supporters. This then allows us to return to the example of the events surrounding the UEFA (Union of European Football Associations) European Football Championship in 2020 in order to analyse the important role that the England national team plays in the formation of ideas about race and national identity in the contemporary environment. In the final part of the chapter, I touch on the need to include antiracism in any rounded analysis of this issue and conclude by exploring what the account in this chapter tells us about the changing role of race and racism in contemporary football cultures.
Racism in Football: Perspectives from Two Sides of the Atlantic
Authors: Kassimeris Christos 
Published: May 2024

Racism in football has, evidently, quite a long history. Whether in the form of mimicking monkey sounds, throwing bananas at Black players or generally abusing non-White footballers, racism has almost become common practice in and around football stadiums in many countries across the world. Better known today as ‘hate crime’, and certainly a part of national legislation and international statutes, the many different shapes and forms of racial discrimination that continue to blemish the popular game of football are often easily identifiable, whether they be actions carried out within the anonymity that characterizes a crowd of football supporters or the result of racist stereotypes held by the game’s senior officials. While national and international governing bodies, along with football clubs, officials and players, often condemn the phenomenon of racism in football, and the pertinent governing bodies all maintain regulations that stipulate specific penalties when relevant incidents occur, too little has been achieved. Since racial discrimination varies from one cultural setting to another, this chapter first assesses the official position of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the Union of European Football Associations and the Confederation of North, Central America and Caribbean Association Football vis-à-vis racism in football. Then it examines race-related cases in English, American and Italian football. Our point of departure is FIFA’s Good Practice Guide on Diversity and Anti-Discrimination, for it explicitly states that ‘one racist comment … does not necessarily make a person racist’ (FIFA, nd: 91).
Multifunctional and bidirectional tunable terahertz device for polarization conversion and absorption based on black phosphorus
Authors: Chen Zhe , Chen Zhonghua , Tang Haowen , Fu Jia , Shen Tao , Zhang Hui 
Published: May 2024

In this work, a multifunctional and bidirectional tunable terahertz (THz) device for polarization conversion and absorption is proposed. The device can modulate both forward and backward incident electromagnetic waves. When x/y-polarized and circularly polarized (CP) waves are backward incident, the polarization conversion rate (PCR) exceeds 90% in the range of 0.69–1.62 THz with a relative bandwidth of 80.5%. The ellipticity reaches 1 at 0.65 THz and 1.64 THz. When u/v-polarized and CP waves are forward incident, PCR exceeds 90% in the frequency range of 1.71–3.07 THz with a relative bandwidth of 56.9%. The absolute ellipticity values reach 1 at 0.86 THz, 1.1 THz, and 1.63 THz. When the forward incident wave is x-polarized, the device exhibits absorption rates of 98.9% at 0.96 THz and 97.7% at 1.67 THz. Meanwhile, linear dichroism reaches 0.75 at 0.96 THz. Importantly, all functions can be turned on or off by the carrier density of black phosphorus. The proposed device has potential applications in detection, sensors, imaging, and multifunctional terahertz systems.
Trajectories of medical care expenditure in the last year of life associated with long-term care utilization in frail older adults: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yoshiyuki Noriko , Ishihara Takuma , Kono Ayumi , Fukushima Naomi , Miura Takeshi , Kaneko Katsunori 
Published: May 2024

Background
Medical care and long-term care utilization in the last year of life of frail older adults could be a key indicator of their quality of life. This study aimed to identify the medical care expenditure (MCE) trajectories in the last year of life of frail older adults by investigating the association between MCE and long-term care utilization in each trajectory.

Methods
The retrospective cohort study of three municipalities in Japan included 405 decedents (median age at death, 85 years; 189 women [46.7%]) from a cohort of 1,658 frail older adults aged ≥65 years who were newly certified as support level in the long-term care insurance program from April 2012 to March 2013. This study used long-term care and medical insurance claim data from April 2012 to March 2017. The primary outcome was MCE over the 12 months preceding death. Group-based trajectory modeling was conducted to identify the MCE trajectories. A mixed-effect model was employed to examine the association between long-term care utilization and MCE in each trajectory.

Results
Participants were stratified into four groups based on MCE trajectories over the 12 months preceding death as follows: rising (n = 159, 39.3%), persistently high (n = 143, 35.3%), minimal (n = 56, 13.8%), and descending (n = 47, 11.6%) groups. Home-based long-term care utilization was associated with increased MCE in the descending trajectory (coefficient, 1.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.35–1.62). Facility-based long-term care utilization was associated with reduced MCE in the rising trajectory (coefficient, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.50–0.69). Both home-based (coefficient, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.85–0.99) and facility-based (coefficient; 0.53; 95% CI, 0.41–0.63) long-term care utilization were associated with reduced MCE in the persistently high trajectory.

Conclusions
These findings may facilitate the integration of medical and long-term care models at the end of life in frail older adults.
Bauhaus 1919–1928, Herbert Bayer, Walter Gropius and Ise Gropius (1938)
Authors: Elizondo Goretti Hinojosa 
Published: May 2024

Review of: Bauhaus 1919–1928, Herbert Bayer, Walter Gropius and Ise Gropius (1938)
New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 248 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-87070-240-2, h/bk, https://www.moma.org/documents/moma_catalogue_2735_300190238.pdf
Preferential dreissenid mussel grazing on small plankton can favor cyanobacteria: Experimental evidence from western Lake Erie
Authors: Carrick H.J. , VanCuren C. , Slate A. , Denef V.J. , Dahal N. , Carter G. , Fanslow D. , Glyshaw P. , Vanderploeg H.A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHerein we provide experimental evidence for the effects invasive mussels (Dreissena) grazing can exert on a natural assemblage of plankton that included both hetero- and photo-trophic components in western Lake Erie. Five mussel feeding experiments were performed seasonally in 2018 (May, June, July August, October). Pre- and post-grazing samples were collected from seven 20-L mesocosms (3 control, 4 mussel), and analyzed using microscope cell counts. Results from our experiments showed that Dreissena were active grazers of plankton on all dates, with significant correspondence between mussel clearance rates measured using microscopy versus size-specific chlorophyll and FluoroProbe based estimates (Spearman rank correlation, r = 0.45, and r = 0.48, respectively, p &lt; 0.05). Clearance rates (ml mg-1 h-1) were variable among taxonomic groups and seemed to track the abundance of ambient plankton assemblage (range 1.70 to 25.00, mean ± SE 11.70 ± 1.33). Dreissena grazed consistently on nano-sized hetero- and phototrophic plankton that constituted key trophic linkages in the Lake Erie foodweb. The most actively grazed plankton were phototrophic cryptophytes (Rhodomonas minuta, Cryptomonas spp.), centric diatoms (Cyclotella sp. and Discotella spp.), and non-pigmented chrysomonads (Chromulina sp., Ochromonas sp.). Conversely, clearance rates were low for cyanobacteria (e.g. Microcystis), dinoflagellates (Gymnodinium varians), and some colonial chlorophytes (Desmodesmus, Pediastrum); these plankton groups occurred during specific temporal windows (one-way ANOVA, p &lt; 0.05). Our results indicate the potential mussel grazing can suppress typical, non-harmful plankton species in the nanoplankton size range, thereby favoring the occurrence of less-edible, larger cyanobacteria and chlorophyte species in western Lake Erie.
Desnacionalización, regímenes visuales y resistencia
Authors: Lagunas David 
Published: May 2024

The idea that the character of the Roma is external to the flow of the dynamics of historical processes is an alienating organicism in Mexico and Latin America. Visual regimes have reproduced exclusionary cultural and racial stereotypes of the Roma. This text analyzes how the Gitanos of Mexico City resist the racializing impositions of the state and of dominant society, contradicting hegemonic stereotypes and prejudices through the strategic self-management of identity by presenting themselves to the outside. Empirical data are provided on two key areas of this self-management connected to the visibility/invisibility dialectic: commercial activities and flamenco performance.
RESUMEN

La idea de que el carácter de los roma es exterior al flujo de la dinámica de los procesos históricos es un organicismo alienante en México y América Latina, pues los regímenes visuales han reproducido estereotipos culturales y raciales excluyentes sobre ellos. En este texto se analiza cómo los gitanos de la Ciudad de México resisten a las imposiciones racializadoras del Estado y la sociedad dominante, contradiciendo los estereotipos y prejuicios hegemónicos a través de la autogestión estratégica de la identidad al presentarse al exterior. Se aportan así datos empíricos sobre dos ámbitos clave de esta autogestión conectada con la dialéctica visibilidad-invisibilidad: las actividades comerciales y la performance flamenca.
Fim de vida no fim do império nos romances Último Olhar (2021) de Miguel Sousa Tavares e Misericórdia (2022) de Lídia Jorge
Authors: Nunes Ângela Maria Pereira , Sieber Cornelia 
Published: May 2024

Resumo

Último Olhar e Misericórdia tematizam as circunstâncias do fim de vida dos seus protagonistas durante a pandemia, retratando as injustiças sociais de hoje, refletindo uma imagem de mudança de gerações em curso, em que os mitos do império se vão desvanecendo à medida que se vai impondo um pensamento global veiculado por representantes de gerações mais jovens que remetem para um futuro caracterizado por um pensamento em contraponto com o de gerações anteriores. Contextualizando os romances na obra dos seus autores, a relação crítica para com o império revela-se mais profunda e complexa.
Reeditar e reescrever as trajetórias dos recadeiros da terra: entre o cânone literário e obras contemporâneas
Authors: de Lima Queiroz Mylena 
Published: May 2024

Resumo
As temáticas debatidas nas obras de Nêgo Bispo (2023) e de Davi Kopenawa (2015) perpassam as relações de suas comunidades com a terra. Na obra de Euclides da Cunha, publicada em 1902, lemos descrições ditas canônicas sobre o homem e a terra do interior do país. Isto posto, este artigo pensa as reedições de trajetórias dos recadeiros da terra a partir do contraste entre as relatorias de Nêgo Bispo e de Kopenawa com as descrições de Cunha. Ainda, as artes denúncias da paraibana Yasmin Formiga e da drag queen indígena Uýra Sodoma promovem esse recado da terra, alertando para a crise ecológica.
Topological representation of some lattices
Authors: Taherifar Ali , Zand Mohamad Reza Ahmadi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we first give a topological representation of some algebraic lattices of ideals of C(X). Next, we apply these results and prove that a space X is normal if and only if the lattice of closed fixed ideals of C(X) is a sublattice of the lattice of ideals of C(X). It is proved that if two rings C(X) and C(Y) are isomorphic, then two lattices Z
∘[X] and Z
∘[Y] are isomorphic. We conclude that two rings C
*(X) and C
*(Y) are isomorphic if and only if two lattices Z[βX] and Z[βY] are isomorphic.
Bounds of some divergence measures on time scales via Abel–Gontscharoff interpolation
Authors: Bilal Muhammad , Khan Khuram Ali , Nosheen Ammara , Pečarić Josip 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this paper, bounds of some divergence measures on time scales via Abel–Gontscharoff interpolation are construed. Inequalities involving Shannon entropy, Kullback–Leibler discrimination, triangle distance and Jeffrey distance, are studied as particular instances by using various types of convex functions. Several new bounds of certain divergence measures for some specified time scales are also discussed.
Irreducibility of strong size levels
Authors: Illanes Alejandro , Martínez-de-la-Vega Verónica 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Given a continuum X, Cn
(X) denotes the hyperspace of nonempty closed subsets of X with at most n components. A strong size level is a subset of the form σ
−1(t), where σ is a strong size map for Cn
(X) and t ∈ (0, 1]. In this paper, answering a question by Capulín-Pérez, Fuentes-Montes de Oca, Lara-Mejía and Orozco-Zitli, we prove that for each n ≥ 2, no strong size level for Cn
(X) is irreducible.
High-efficiency nonlinear frequency conversion enabled by optimizing the ferroelectric domain structure in x-cut LNOI ridge waveguide
Authors: Su Yawen , Zhang Xinyu , Chen Haiwei , Li Shifeng , Ma Jianan , Li Wei , Niu Yunfei , Qin Qi , Yang Shaoguang , Deng Yu , Zhang Yong , Hu Xiaopeng , Zhu Shining 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Photonic devices based on ferroelectric domain engineering in thin film lithium niobate are key components for both classical and quantum information processing. Periodic poling of ridge waveguide can avoid the selective etching effect of lithium niobate, however, the fabrication of high-quality ferroelectric domain is still a challenge. In this work, we optimized the applied electric field distribution, and rectangular inverted domain structure was obtained in the ridge waveguide which is beneficial for efficient nonlinear frequency conversions. Second harmonic confocal microscope, piezoresponse force microscopy, and chemical selective etching were used to characterize the inverted domain in the ridge waveguide. In addition, the performance of nonlinear frequency conversion of the periodically poled nano-waveguide was investigated through second harmonic generation, and the normalized conversion efficiency was measured to be 1,720 % W−1 cm−2, which is close to 60 % that of the theoretical value. The fabrication technique described in this work will pave the way for the development of high-efficiency, low-loss lithium niobate nonlinear photonic devices.
Combining unsupervised and supervised learning in microscopy enables defect analysis of a full 4H-SiC wafer
Authors: Nguyen Binh Duong , Steiner Johannes , Wellmann Peter , Sandfeld Stefan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDetecting and analyzing various defect types in semiconductor materials is an important prerequisite for understanding the underlying mechanisms and tailoring the production processes. Analysis of microscopy images that reveal defects typically requires image analysis tasks such as segmentation and object detection. With the permanently increasing amount of data from experiments, handling these tasks manually becomes more and more impossible. In this work, we combine various image analysis and data mining techniques to create a robust and accurate, automated image analysis pipeline for extracting the type and position of all defects in a microscopy image of a KOH-etched 4H-SiC wafer.
Graphical abstract