bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the osteogenic capacity of minipig and human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Heino Terhi J. , Alm Jessica J. , Moritz Niko , Aro Hannu T. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractMinipigs are a recommended large animal model for preclinical testing of human orthopedic implants. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the key repair cells in bone healing and implant osseointegration, but the osteogenic capacity of minipig MSCs is incompletely known. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize minipig bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) MSCs in comparison to human BM‐MSCs. BM sample was aspirated from posterior iliac crest of five male Göttingen minipigs (age 15 ± 1 months). PB sample was drawn for isolation of circulating MSCs. MSCs were selected by plastic‐adherence as originally described by Friedenstein. Cell morphology, colony formation, proliferation, surface marker expression, and differentiation were examined. Human BM‐MSCs were isolated and cultured from adult fracture patients (n = 13, age 19–60 years) using identical techniques. MSCs were found in all minipig BM samples, but no circulating MSCs could be detected. Minipig BM‐MSCs had similar morphology, proliferation, and colony formation capacities as human BM‐MSCs. Unexpectedly, minipig BM‐MSCs had a significantly lower ability than human BM‐MSCs to form differentiated and functional osteoblasts. This observation emphasizes the need for species‐specific optimization of MSC culture protocol before direct systematic comparison of MSCs between human and various preclinical large animal models can be made. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:1019–1025, 2012
Separation of anthraquinone compounds from the seed of Cassia obtusifolia L. using recycling counter‐current chromatography
Authors: Yang Jianhong , Ye Haoyu , Lai Huijun , Li Shucai , He Shichao , Zhong Shijie , Chen Lijuan , Peng Aihua 
Published: January 2012

AbstractRecycling counter‐current chromatography (CCC) together with step‐gradient CCC and medium‐pressure liquid chromatography (MPLC) was employed to separate nine anthraquinone compounds from Cassia obtusifolia L. in this study. The results showed that recycling CCC is a powerful tool for compounds that are difficult to separate with common elution mode. CCC was the better option for crude material while MPLC had advantage for the final tuning. The combination of recycling CCC and MPLC could simplify the method exploring process in the separation process. The structures of these compounds were identified according to their mass spectra, by 1H‐NMR and compared with standard compounds.
Enantioselective separation and determination of the dinotefuran enantiomers in rice, tomato and apple by HPLC
Authors: Chen Xiu , Dong Fengshou , Liu Xingang , Xu Jun , Li Jing , Li Yuanbo , Wang Yunhao , Zheng Yongquan 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAn effective chiral analytical method was developed for the resolution and determination of dinotefuran enantiomers in rice, tomato and apple samples. Dinotefuran enantiomers were baseline‐separated and determined on a novel chiral column, ChromegaChiral CCA, with n‐hexane–ethanol–methanol (85:5:10, v/v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min with UV detection at 270 nm. The resolution of dinotefuran enantiomers was about 1.8. The first eluted enantiomer was (+)‐dinotefuran and the second eluted one was (−)‐dinotefuran. The effects of mobile‐phase composition and column temperature on the enantioseparation were evaluated. The method was validated for linearity, repeatability, accuracy, LOD and LOQ. LOD was 0.15 mg/kg in rice and tomato, 0.05 mg/kg in apple, with an LOQ of 0.5 mg/kg in rice and tomato, 0.2 mg/kg in apple. The average recoveries of the pesticide from all matrices ranged from 75.8 to 92.9% for all fortification levels The precision values associated with the analytical method, expressed as RSD values, were <16.5% for the pesticide in all matrices. The methodology was successfully applied for the enantioselective analysis of dinotefuran enantiomers in real samples, indicating its efficiency in investigating the environmental stereochemistry of dinotefuran in food matrix.
Enhancement of photodynamic antitumor effect with pro‐oxidant ascorbate
Authors: Wei Yanchun , Song Jiaxing , Chen Qun , Xing Da 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackground and ObjectivePhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment modality that utilizes photosensitizers activated by light to induce cell death via the formation of singlet oxygen and other free radicals. Although this method has its advantages for tumor treatment, it cannot be well performed for involving so many therapeutic parameters during use. Tumor recurrence is common due to insufficient treatment. Therefore, a supplemental or complemental treatment is necessary for PDT.Study Design/Materials and MethodsL‐ascorbate, commonly known as vitamin C, is an essential nutrient for humans. It is also a well‐established pro‐oxidant in the presence of certain transition metal ions. In our experiments, ascorbate was administered to tumor‐bearing mice by intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) for 10 days after they were treated with PDT. We hypothesize that this supplement may improve the therapeutic outcome by as a result of the reactions between ascrobate and the metal ions induced by PDT.ResultsThe results demonstrate that PDT can cause Fe and Cu ions to be released from their protein complexes. The reactions between the ions and ascorbate resulted in a post‐PDT surge in reactive oxygen species (ROS) as demonstrated in vitro with chemiluminescence detection. This ultimately leads to enhanced tumor cell death and, thus, an improved treatment outcome.ConclusionBased on the results that PDT induces metal ion release and ascorbate reacts with the metal ions producing subsequent ROS, an internal related, complementary and strengthened tumor treatment is established by combination of both PDT and ascorbate, as a low‐toxicity and effective method. Lasers Surg. Med. 44:69–75, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Risk factors and outcomes of failed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in liver transplant recipients with anastomotic biliary strictures: A case-control study#
Authors: Balderramo Domingo , Sendino Oriol , Burrel Marta , Real Maria Isabel , Blasi Annabel , Martinez-Palli Graciela , Bordas Josep M. , Carlos Garcia-Valdecasas Juan , Rimola Antoni , Navasa Miguel , Llach Josep , Cardenas Andres 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Anastomotic strictures (ASs) of the biliary duct after liver transplantation (LT) are primarily managed with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), but in some cases, this fails because of difficulties in passing the strictures. The aim of this case-control study was to examine specific risk factors for initial ERCP failure and the outcomes of percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) as a second-line approach in LT recipients with ASs. Between January 2002 and December 2010, we identified LT recipients with ASs who experienced initial ERCP failure (which was defined as the inability to traverse the AS with guidewires in 2 or more consecutive procedures). A period-matched control group (ratio = 1:2) with ASs and initial ERCP success was analyzed. Preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative, and endoscopic variables were evaluated as risk factors. The outcomes of PTC and the need for hepaticojejunostomy (HJ) or retransplantation were evaluated. Seventeen cases who experienced initial ERCP failure were compared with 34 controls. The median times from LT to ERCP were similar (8.7 months for cases and 8.6 months for controls, P = not significant). A multivariate analysis revealed that previous bile leaks [odds ratio (OR) = 6.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.0-36.5] and more than 4 U of intraoperatively transfused red blood cells (OR = 11.51, 95% CI = 1.9-71.2) were independent risk factors for failure. PTC was an effective second-line treatment in only 3 of 12 cases (25%). The need for HJ was more frequent for the cases (13/17 or 76.5%) versus the controls (7/34 or 20.6%, P < 0.001). One patient in each group underwent retransplantation (P = not significant). In conclusion, previous bile leaks and high packed red blood cell transfusion requirements during surgery are risk factors for initial ERCP failure in LT recipients with ASs. A high proportion of these patients will need surgery as their final therapy. Liver Transpl 18:482–489, 2012. © 2012 AASLD.
Systematic evaluation of augmentation during treatment with ropinirole in restless legs syndrome (Willis‐Ekbom Disease): Results from a prospective, multicenter study over 66 weeks
Authors: García‐Borreguero Diego , Högl Birgit , Ferini‐Strambi Luigi , Winkelman John , Hill‐Zabala Christina , Asgharian Afsaneh , Allen Richard 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of augmentation over 66 weeks of treatment with ropinirole in patients with primary restless legs syndrome (RLS). Augmentation is the main complication of long‐term dopaminergic treatment of RLS. Despite widespread use of ropinirole in RLS, no studies have prospectively and systematically assessed the incidence of augmentation with its use. The study consisted of 26 weeks of double‐blind flexible‐dose treatment with ropinirole or placebo, followed by 40 weeks of open‐label ropinirole treatment.. Patients had no previous history of augmentation. Potential cases of augmentation were identified with the Structured Interview for the Diagnosis of Augmentation and the Augmentation Severity Rating Scale and through reporting of adverse events. Cases were blindly evaluated by an expert panel using the NIH diagnostic criteria for augmentation. Four hundred and four patients participated in the double‐blind study and 269 in the open‐label phase, with a discontinuation rate of 42%. IRLS baseline scores improved at the end of the double‐blind (DB) phase (mean ± SE) by −15.9 ± 0.76 for ropinirole, by −13.4 ± 0.77 for placebo (P < .05) and by −20.4 ± 0.55 during the open‐label phase. The incidence rates of augmentation were 3.5% for ropinirole and <1% for placebo during the DB phase and 3% during the open‐label phase. Clinically significant augmentation occurred in 3%, <1%, and 2%, respectively. Discontinuation of treatment occurred in 50% of all patients (7 of 14) with augmentation. The incidence of augmentation was 3.1% higher with ropinirole than with placebo. New patients with first episodes of augmentation continued to cumulate at a stable rate over the duration of this study. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society
T2prep three‐dimensional spiral imaging with efficient whole brain coverage for myelin water quantification at 1.5 tesla
Authors: Nguyen Thanh D. , Wisnieff Cynthia , Cooper Mitchell A. , Kumar Dushyant , Raj Ashish , Spincemaille Pascal , Wang Yi , Vartanian Tim , Gauthier Susan A. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractQuantitative assessment of myelination is important for characterizing tissue damage and evaluating response to therapy in white matter diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Conventional multicomponent T2 relaxometry based on the two‐dimensional (2D) multiecho spin echo sequence is a promising method to measure myelin water fraction, but its clinical utility is impeded by the prohibitively long data acquisition and limited brain coverage. The objective of this study was to develop a signal‐to‐noise ratio efficient 3D T2prep spiral gradient echo (3D SPIRAL) sequence for full brain T2 relaxometry and to validate this sequence using 3D multiecho spin echo as reference standard in healthy brains at 1.5 T. 3D SPIRAL was found to provide similar myelin water fraction in six selected white and gray matter areas using region‐of‐interest signal averaging analysis (N = 7, P > 0.05). While 3D multiecho spin echo only provided partial brain coverage, 3D SPIRAL enabled whole brain coverage with a fivefold higher acquisition speed per imaging slice and similar signal‐to‐noise ratio efficiency. Both 3D sequences provided superior signal‐to‐noise ratio efficiency when compared to the conventional 2D multiecho spin echo approach. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Investigation of the PSF‐choice method for reduced lipid contamination in prostate MR spectroscopic imaging
Authors: Panych Lawrence P. , Roebuck Joseph R. , Chen Nan‐kuei , Tang Yi , Madore Bruno , Tempany Clare M. , Mulkern Robert V. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe purpose of this work was to evaluate a previously proposed approach that aims to improve the point spread function (PSF) of MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) to avoid corruption by lipid signal arising from neighboring voxels. Retrospective spatial filtering can be used to alter the PSF; however, this either reduces spatial resolution or requires extending the acquisition in k‐space at the cost of increased imaging time. Alternatively, the method evaluated here, PSF‐choice, can modify the PSF localization to reduce the contamination from adjacent lipids by conforming the signal response more closely to the desired MRSI voxel grid. This is done without increasing scan time or degrading SNR of important metabolites. PSF‐choice achieves improvements in spatial localization through modifications to the radiofrequency excitation pulses. An implementation of this method is reported for MRSI of the prostate, where it is demonstrated that, in 13 of 16 pilot prostate MRSI scans, intravoxel spectral contamination from lipid was significantly reduced when using PSF‐choice. Phantom studies were also performed that demonstrate, compared with MRSI with standard Fourier phase encoding, out‐of‐voxel signal contamination of spectra was significantly reduced in MRSI with PSF‐choice. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Instantaneous detection of nonadherence: quality, strength, and weakness of an electronic prescription database
Authors: Harbig P. , Barat I. , Lund Nielsen P. , Damsgaard E. M. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe “personal electronic medicine profile” (PEM) is a Web‐based tool for electronic prescription and monitoring of purchased medicine. It is based on the National Prescription Database and contains data on all prescriptions in Denmark. It includes information on time of drug purchase, number of tablets, and prescribed daily dosage. This allows calculation of the expected time for new purchases.PurposeTo study the accuracy of the PEM as a tool for monitoring drug nonadherence as compared with pill counts (PCs).MethodsFive hundred eighty‐three randomly selected elderly Danish citizens older than 65 years taking more than four drugs were studied. They were visited three times by a nurse who counted their medicine supply. Contingency table analysis was used to compare drug nonadherence calculated from PC with that revealed by PEM. For PC and PEM, an adherence level of at least 80% was defined as acceptable.ResultsPEM could not accurately process (non)adherence in 44% of all drugs. The probability of identifying drug nonadherence with PEM was low (negative predictive value 23%). Incomplete prescription information (34%) and inaccurate dosage registration (10%) were the major sources of error.ConclusionPEM is inferior to PC for accurate monitoring of drug nonadherence. The inaccuracy is due to erroneous prescription information. PEM could be a powerful tool for electronic monitoring of drug nonadherence if prescription information was recorded uniformly and correctly. To increase the accuracy, we recommend informal free‐text dosing instruction to be translated into a formal one by use of appropriate software such as library of phrases. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Indirect contact through book reading: Improving adolescents' attitudes and behavioral intentions toward immigrants
Authors: Vezzali Loris , Stathi Sofia , Giovannini Dino 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA study was conducted to test the effects of indirect contact through book reading on the improvement of Italian students' attitudes, stereotypes, and behavioral intentions toward immigrants. The results indicated that adolescents who read a book concerning intercultural topics, compared to those who read a book unrelated to intercultural themes or to those who did not read any book, showed improved intergroup attitudes, reduction in stereotyping, more positive intergroup behavioral intentions, and an increased desire to engage in future contact. Furthermore, the effects of indirect contact were mediated by increased inclusion of other in the self and reduced group identification. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dendron‐like poly(ε‐benzyloxycarbonyl‐L‐lysine)/linear PEO block copolymers: Synthesis, physical characterization, self‐assembly, and drug‐release behavior
Authors: Xu You‐Cui , Dong Chang‐Ming 
Published: January 2012

AbstractDendron‐like poly(ε‐benzyloxycarbonyl‐L‐lysine)/linear poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymers (i.e., Dm‐PZLys‐b‐PEO, m = 0 and 3; Dm are the propargyl focal point poly(amido amine) dendrons having 2m primary amine groups) were for the first time synthesized by combining ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of ε‐benzyloxycarbonyl‐L‐lysine N‐carboxyanhydride (Z‐Lys‐NCA) and click chemistry, where Dm‐PZLys homopolypeptides were click conjugated with azide‐terminated PEO. Their molecular structures and physical properties were characterized in detail by FTIR, 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, polarized optical microscopy, and wide angle X‐ray diffraction. Both homopolypeptides and copolymers presented a liquid crystalline phase transition for PZLys block, and the transition was irreversible. Moreover, the degree of crystallinity of PEO block within linear copolymers decreased from 96.2% to 20.4% with increasing PZLys composition, whereas that within dendritic copolymers decreased to zero. The secondary conformation of PZLys progressively changed from β‐sheet to α‐helix with increasing the chain length. These copolymers self‐assembled into spherical nanoparticles in aqueous solution, and the anticancer drug doxorubicin‐loaded nanoparticles gave a similar morphology compared with their blank counterparts. The drug‐loaded nanoparticles showed a triphasic drug‐release profile at aqueous pH 7.4 or 5.5 and 37 °C and sustained a longer drug‐release period for about 2 months. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012
Intramolecular friedel‐crafts cyclization and subsequent hydrogenation of styrene‐isoprene random copolymers prepared by anionic polymerization for thermally‐resistant and optical applications
Authors: Nakahara Atsuhiro , Satoh Kotaro , Saito Hiromu , Kamigaito Masami 
Published: January 2012

AbstractTo synthesize novel thermally and optically high‐performing thermoplastics from commodity monomers, random styrene (St)‐isoprene (Ip) rubbers (r‐SIRs) prepared by anionic copolymerization were subjected to intramolecular Friedel‐Crafts cyclization and subsequent hydrogenation via a sequence of simple postpolymerization modifications. The CF3SO3H‐catalyzed Friedel‐Crafts alkylation of r‐SIR afforded cyclized r‐SIR (C‐r‐SIR) via the predominant formation of bicyclic tetrahydronaphthyl units to give thermoplastics with a high glass transition temperature (Tg ∼130 °C), good mechanical properties, and good transparency. Subsequent hydrogenation of the small amount of remaining CC double bonds in the uncyclized Ip units and cyclized Ip‐Ip units yielded hydrogenated C‐r‐SIR (HC‐r‐SIR) and increased the degradation temperature by about 15 °C (Td5 ≥ 380 °C). These HC‐r‐SIRs display good flexural moduli and strength, good transparency, and refractive indices similar to those of C‐r‐SIR. The birefringence of HC‐r‐SIR was successfully tuned by adjusting the comonomer content to obtain near‐zero birefringence high‐performance plastics. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012
Do we have the tools to manage resistance in the future?
Authors: Hollomon Derek W 
Published: January 2012

AbstractPesticide resistance is a major factor affecting world food and fibre production, but that has been contained so far by the availability of diverse modes of action. Overcoming resistance by switching to a new mode of action is a concept easily grasped by growers but threatened by losses through resistance and new registration requirements. Opportunities for innovation and development of a diversity of novel modes of action exist through harnessing recent advances, fundamental to all eukaryotes and largely funded for medical rather than agricultural objectives, in understanding cell biology and development. The cystoskeleton, cell wall synthesis, signal transduction and RNAi are discussed as examples where new targets are now exposed. However, new modes of action will be delivered not only by sprayer or seed treatment but also through transgenic crops, although these still need to be transferred from experiment to practice. Improvements in modelling protein structures and target‐site changes, supplemented by rapid diagnostics to detect resistance early, will improve resistance risk management and integrate chemical, biopesticide, transgenic and conventional breeding around the concept of diversity in modes of action. However, before agronomy can translate this into practical antiresistance strategies, there is a need to direct more resources to the biochemistry and cell biology of pests, diseases and weeds to translate these new discoveries into key tools needed to manage resistance in the future. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Burning and mowing Wyoming big sagebrush: Do treated sites meet minimum guidelines for greater sage‐grouse breeding habitats?
Authors: Hess Jennifer E. , Beck Jeffrey L. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata wyomingensis) treatments are often implemented to improve breeding habitat for greater sage‐grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus), a species of considerable conservation concern. In 2008 and 2009, we measured vegetation structure available to sage‐grouse for breeding at 19 sites that were prescribed burned during 1990–1999 and 2000–2006, 6 sites that were mowed during 2000–2006, and 25 paired, untreated reference sites in the Bighorn Basin of north‐central Wyoming, USA. We compared minimum guidelines for canopy cover and height of Wyoming big sagebrush and perennial grass in arid greater sage‐grouse breeding habitat (Connelly et al. 2000b) to measurements at our sampling sites. Sagebrush canopy cover and height at reference sites met the minimum guidelines. Sagebrush canopy cover at burned and mowed sites did not meet the minimum guideline, except for sites mowed on aridic soils measured during 2009. Burned and mowed (3 of 4 cases) sagebrush did not meet minimum height for breeding up to 19 yr and 9 yr post‐treatment, respectively. Perennial grass canopy cover and height met the minimum guidelines for breeding habitat at reference, burned, and mowed sites. Burning increased grass canopy cover, but not height, compared to reference sites in 2 of 8 instances. Because burning, but not mowing, infrequently enhanced grass cover, but not height, and sagebrush structure was reduced by both practices for long periods, managers should consider how treatments may negatively affect Wyoming big sagebrush communities for sage‐grouse and consider other practices, including continued nontreatment and improved livestock grazing, to increase grass cover and height. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.