bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enlarged internal auditory canal and sudden deafness
Authors: Magliulo G , Stasolla A , Colicchio M G , Gagliardi S 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectives:We report a young man with bilateral enlarged internal auditory canals who developed sudden sensorineural hearing loss following weight-lifting exercise.Methods:We present a detailed clinical history, including the patient's high resolution computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans.Results:The patient reported left-sided hearing loss immediately following weight-lifting exercise. He had no vestibular disturbance. He was treated with a combined regimen of steroids and an antiviral drug, but his profound hearing loss did not resolve. During another session of weight-lifting exercise, he suffered another episode of sudden hearing loss.Conclusions:To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient with patulous internal auditory canals, with no other anomalies, who developed bilateral sudden hearing loss after weight-lifting exercise. Although no definitive conclusions can be drawn, close surveillance and lifestyle warnings should be considered in such patients, even if they are clinically asymptomatic.
Population biology of shrimp Artemesia longinaris (Crustacea: Decapoda: Penaeidae) from the southern coast of Brazil
Authors: da Costa Rogério Caetano , Branco Joaquim Olinto , Machado Irecê Farina , Campos Bruno Ribeiro , Avila Marcelo Gentil 
Published: January 2010

Size at morphological sexual maturity, sex-ratio, and the seasonal variation in abundance of the shrimp Artemesia longinaris Bate, 1888 were assessed off Pinheira Beach, Palhoça, Santa Catarina southern Brazil. Shrimp were collected monthly from November 2003 through to October 2004, in two areas that are customarily used by local traditional fishermen (27°52′–27°51′S and 48°33′–48°29′W). Of the total of 1099 specimens measured, 23.93% were males and 76.07% females. Mean size at first maturity (LM50) was estimated as 56.38 mm total length (TL) for males, and 70.34 mm TL for females. Females were significantly larger than males. Abundance of juveniles varied seasonally. A high predominance of juveniles in the areas sampled occurred in winter for both sexes, and in spring for females. In the summer and autumn, we observed a decrease in juveniles in both areas, mainly, area II. We suggest that the differential migration pattern of sexes during the reproductive cycle was the principal reason for the larger catch of females. The classical paradigm of continuous reproduction at lower latitude, with increased seasonality of the breeding period at higher latitudes, seems to apply to this species.
Chaironeia 338: topographies of commemoration
Authors: Ma John 
Published: January 2010

Abstract:This article examines two funerary monuments associated with the battle of Chaironeia in 338: first, the mound, covering a mass cremation, by the Kephissos; second, near the town of Chaironeia, the mass burial surrounded by a stone enclosure and topped by a colossal stone lion. The accepted identifications are confirmed (the mound is that of the Macedonian dead, the lion monument that of Theban dead, in all probability the Sacred Band), and two propositions developed: the mound does not relate to the tactical dispositions of the battle, and hence the generally accepted reconstruction of the battle must be discarded; the lion monument must date to much later than 338. In developing these propositions, I examine material which has been long known, but never considered in depth; I notably present what I believe are the first photographs of some of the osteological material from the mass burial under the lion monument. More generally, the two monuments, located at different points of the battlefield, set up by different actors and at different moments, offer the opportunity for considerations on the different functions of ‘memory’ surrounding an historical event: the Macedonian mound reflected the needs and self-imagining of the victorious army, imposing a trace in the landscape; the lion monument embeds itself in preexisting topographies, for a more reflective, and more troubled, effect.
The burial of Herodes Atticus: élite identity, urban society, and public memory in Roman Greece
Authors: Rife Joseph L. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis paper discusses the burial of Herodes Atticus as a well-attested case of élite identification through mortuary practices. It gives a close reading of Philostratus' account of Herodes' end inc. 179 (VS2.1.15) alongside the evidence of architecture, inscriptions, sculpture, and topography at Marathon, Cephisia and Athens. The intended burial of Herodes and the actual burials of his family on the Attic estates expressed wealth and territorial control, while his preference for Marathon fused personal history with civic history. The Athenian intervention in Herodes' private funeral, which led to his magnificent interment at the Panathenaic Stadium, served as a public reception for a leading citizen and benefactor. Herodes' tomb should be identified with a long foundation on the stadium's east hill that might have formed an eccentric altar-tomb, while an elegantklinêsarcophagus found nearby might have been his coffin. His epitaph was a traditional distich that stressed through language and poetic allusion his deep ties to Marathon and Rhamnous, his euergetism and his celebrity. Also found here was an altar dedicated to Herodes ‘the Marathonian hero’ with archaizing features (IGII26791). The first and last lines of the text were erased in a deliberate effort to remove his name and probably the name of a relative. A cemetery of ordinary graves developed around Herods' burial site, but by the 250s these had been disturbed, along with the altar and the sarcophagus. This new synthesis of textual and material sources for the burial of Herodes contributes to a richer understanding of status and antiquarianism in Greek urban society under the Empire. It also examines how the public memory of élites was composite and mutable, shifting through separate phases of activity — funeral, hero-cult, defacement, biography — to generate different images of the dead.
Athenaeus the Navigator
Authors: Wilkins John 
Published: January 2010

Abstract:This study concerns navigation in a geographical sense and in the sense of the reader finding a way through a complex text with the help of points of reference. Recent studies in Athenaeus have suggested that he was a more sophisticated writer than the second-hand compiler of Hellenistic comment on classical Greek authors, which has been a dominant view. Building on these studies, this article argues that Athenaeus' approach to his history of ancient dining draws on traditional poetic links between the symposium and the sea, and expands such metaphors with a major interest in place and provenance, which also belongs to the literature of the symposium. Provenance at the same time evokes a theme of imperial thought, that Rome can attract to herself all the good things of the earth that are now under her sway. Good things include foods and the literary heritage of Greece now housed in imperial libraries. Athenaeus deploys themes of navigation ambiguously, to celebrate diversity and to warn against the dangers of luxury. Notorious examples of luxury are presented – the Sybarites and Capuans, for example – but there seem to be oblique warnings to Rome as well. Much clearer censure is reserved for the gastronomic poem of Archestratus of Gela, which surveys the best cities in which to eat certain fish. The Deipnosophists deplore the immorality of the poet and his radical rewriting of their key authors Homer and Plato, while at the same time quoting him extensively for the range of his reference to geography and fish. This commentary on Archestratus is a good example of the Deipnosophists' guidance to the reader, Roman or otherwise, who wishes to ‘navigate’ the complicated history of the Greekdeipnonand symposium.
Thetryphêof the sybarites: a historiographical problem in Athenaeus
Authors: Gorman Robert J. , Gorman Vanessa B. 
Published: January 2010

Abstract:A large number of the most informative fragments of the Hellenistic Greek historians are transmitted by Athenaeus. Unlike the frequently jejune evidence provided by scholiasts, lexicographers and the like, these texts allow us to draw historiographical conclusions about lost writers: on this basis, scholars have posited, for example, the place of a given author in the Hellenistic ‘schools’ of history. The importance of Athenaeus as a source for history-writing between Xenophon and Diodorus calls for detailed study of the Deipnosophist's method of citing these lost authors. The present article focuses on Athenaeus' testimony concerning the downfall of Archaic Sybaris through luxury and excess in order to show that certain phrases, sentence patterns and even trains of thought can be reliably identified as belonging to Athenaeus rather than the cited authority. This discovery entails surprising results: traditions ascribing the destruction of Sybaris to morally corrosive luxury are late and of little historical value. More generally, the debilitating effects of luxury cannot serve as anexemplumsupporting the claim that Hellenistic writers tended to explain historical events through moral causes; apparent evidence for this causal nexus is better assigned to Athenaeus than to the historians he names. In view of these conclusions, a cautious reassessment of all Athenaeus’ testimony on fragmentary historians is appropriate.
Oligarchic Hestia: Bacchylides 14B and Pindar,Nemean11
Authors: Fearn David 
Published: January 2010

Abstract:This article uses recent findings about the diversity of political organization in Archaic and Classical Greece beyond Athens, and methodological considerations about the role of civic Hestia in oligarchic communities, to add sharpness to current work on the political contextualization of Classical enkomiastic poetry. The two works considered here remind us of the epichoric political significance of such poetry, because of their attunement to two divergent oligarchic contexts. They thus help to get us back to specific fifth-century political as well as culturalRealien.
The Application of Correlation ILS Techniques to Terminal Area Traffic Control
Authors: Benjamin J. 
Published: January 2010

This paper outlines possible applications in the terminal area of an ILS based on hyperbolic geometry and correlation detection.1. Introduction. A recent contribution to thisJournalhas surveyed the terminal area problem at London and outlined the research which is necessary to improve traffic handling capability. It was shown that contributions from many different development efforts will need to be integrated in order to achieve a worthwhile result. A fundamental aspect is that the problem of traffic congestion begins and ends at the runways and that the performance of the instrument landing system is of major importance. This paper will indicate how an approach and landing aid based on hyperbolic geometry and using correlation detection techniques can offer solutions to many of the known causes of traffic delay. The same principles can be used to integrate data links and monitoring into a complex which should be designed to aid the pilot as well as the controller.
Position Finding with Spirit Level
Authors: Smith F. W. G. 
Published: January 2010

The use of the Sun's shadow is a very old method for position finding. It is easy to adapt a small spirit level to produce a shadow on a millimetre scale which will give results of sufficient accuracy to add to the interest in learning to work out position lines for the Sun; less accurately for the Moon. Schools might find this useful for theoretical and practical classes.The illustrations explain the principles involved and the constructional details. With practice it is fairly easy to set the style to the height necessary to give a clear shadow and to record its length to one tenth of a millimetre on the scale. To avoid errors of parallax in setting the style, the pinhole sight is held at the required height at the end of the spirit level opposite to the style while the latter's height is measured with the millimetre rule which should be held, vertical, about where the shadow is found to end on the scale.
Meteorological Parameters Affecting Supersonic Transport Operations
Authors: Scherhag Richard , Warnecke Gunter , Wehry Werner 
Published: January 2010

In 1965, following the Eastbourne Conference, the British, French and German Institutes of Navigation formed a Working Group to make a study of the environment in which the supersonic transport will operate and of its implications for the navigation of such aircraft. The Group's initial task has been one of education, largely through discussion of a series of papers submitted to it. Some of the papers considered have already been published in the Journal (Vol. 19) and a further selection is published below. Table I was contributed by Mr. G. E. Beck. The illustrations to these papers have not all been reproduced.1. Atmospheric Conditions. It will be useful to distinguish between different kinds of atmospheric influences on supersonic aircraft operations. They may be classed as follows:(a) Sporadic effects near the ground(b) Sporadic effects in the free atmosphere(c) Effects on sonic boom(d) Effects of atmospheric ozone(e) Permanently effective atmospheric parameters, such as temperature, density and wind.
Radar and the Rule of the Road
Authors: Burger W. , Corbet A. G. 
Published: January 2010

The following amendments and additions to the existing (1960) Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea are offered for comment by Institute members and others interested in this problem.The only comment which we wish to make about them at this time is that we do not claim that any of the ideas on which these suggested new rules are based are our original ideas—they have only been sorted out, into what we hope will prove to be a satisfactory arrangement, from many ideas which have come to light and have been aired during exercises and discussions that have taken place during radar simulator courses conducted at the Welsh College of Advanced Technology over the last five years and during discussions with many members of the staffs of other nautical colleges and with nautical surveyors of the Board of Trade. The ideas put forward by many notable persons in the various nautical publications have also been studied and have greatly influenced us.
Planning for a Canadian Contribution to a Soil Moisture Mission: First Workshop on Canadian SMAP Applications and Cal‐Val; Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 6–7 October 2009
Authors: Bélair Stéphanie , Melo Stella 
Published: January 2010

The Soil Moisture Active and Passive (SMAP) mission will combine low‐frequency microwave radiometer and high‐resolution radar instruments to measure surface soil moisture and freeze‐thaw state. This NASA mission, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, has the potential to enable a diverse range of applications including drought and flood guidance, agricultural productivity estimation and risk mitigation, weather forecasting, climate predictions, human health risk assessment and mitigation, and defense systems. Recognizing the potential relevance of SMAP's measurements for Canada, Environment Canada (EC) and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) are joining efforts to develop Canadian participation in this mission.As part of this effort, the First Workshop on Canadian SMAP Applications and Cal‐Val was held in Canada. The main objective of this workshop was to develop a consolidated plan for Canadian participation in the SMAP mission that would address the needs of different Canadian government departments and academia.
Climate and Melting Variability in Antarctica
Authors: Tedesco Marco , Monaghan Andrew J. 
Published: January 2010

Scientists have observed large increases in melting on the Greenland Ice Sheet in recent decades. But what is happening in Antarctica?Temperature increases during the past 50–100 years have been recorded for the Antarctic Peninsula and West Antarctica. Melting over Antarctica has been monitored since 1979 using spaceborne passive microwave observations. The sign of the melting trends over Antarctica is variable at regional scales, depending on the period analyzed and on the indices used, with the continent‐averaged trend being negligible.
Aerosol Remote Sensing From Space: Determination of Atmospheric Aerosol Properties Using Satellite Measurements; Bad Honnef, Germany, 16–19 August 2009
Authors: Kokhanovsky A. , Kinne S. 
Published: January 2010

Aerosol optical depth (AOD), a measure of how much light is attenuated by aerosol particles, provides scientists information about the amount and type of aerosols in the atmosphere. Recent developments in aerosol remote sensing was the theme of a workshop held in Germany. The workshop was sponsored by the Wilhelm and Else Heraeus Foundation and attracted 67 participants from 12 countries.The workshop focused on the determination (retrieval) of AOD and its spectral dependence using measurements of changes to the solar radiation backscattered to space. The midvisible AOD is usually applied to define aerosol amount, while the size of aerosol particles is indicated by the AOD spectral dependence and is commonly expressed by the Angstrom parameter. Identical properties retrieved by different sensors, however, display significant diversity, especially over continents. A major reason for this is that the derivation of AOD requires more accurate determination of nonaerosol contributions to the sensed satellite signal than is usually available. In particular, surface reflectance data as a function of the viewing geometry and robust cloud‐clearing methods are essential retrieval elements. In addition, the often needed assumptions about aerosol properties in terms of absorption and size are more reasons for the discrepancy between different AOD measurements.
Modeling the hydrolysis of the polymeric brominated flame retardants BC-58 and FR-1025
Authors: Rayne Sierra , Forest Kaya 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe SPARC software program was used to estimate the acid-catalyzed, neutral, and base-catalyzed hydrolysis rate constants for the polymeric brominated flame retardants BC-58 and FR-1025, as well as the hydrolyzable daughter products of BC-58. Relatively rapid hydrolysis of BC-58, producing 2,4,6-tribromophenol and tetrabromobisphenol A as the hydrolytically stable end products from all potential hydrolysis reactions, is expected in both environmental and biological systems with starting material hydrolytic half lives (t~1/2,hydr~) ranging from less than one hour in marine systems, several hours in cellular environments, and up to several weeks in slightly acid fresh waters. Hydrolysis of FR-1025 to give 2,3,4,5,6-pentabromobenzyl alcohol is expected to be slower (t~1/2,hydr~ less than 0.5 years in marine systems up to several years in fresh waters) than BC-58, but is also expected to occur at rates that will contribute significantly to environmental and in vivo loadings of this compound.
Pharmacophore Modeling and Binding Analysis for targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis MurC ligase
Authors: N Yogesh , P Jignesh , K Vivek , Mohan C Gopi 
Published: January 2010

AbstractDespite the availability of effective chemotherapy and the moderately protective vaccine, new anti-Tuberculosis agents are urgently needed to decrease the global incidence of Tuberculosis (TB). The resumption of TB, mainly caused by the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains and HIV epidemics, led to an increased need to understand the molecular mechanisms of drug action and drug resistance, which should provide significant insight into the development of newer compounds.Based on this ground, computational studies of Mtb-MurC enzyme inhibition were carried out to find out novel lead molecules against the same.
Introduction
Authors: Oja Carol J. 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
To young creative artists of the 1920s, New York City seemed to hold unprecedented charm and unlimited potential. As a talented new generation of American writers, musicians, and painters reached maturity—ranging from Langston Hughes and Ernest Hemingway to Josephine Baker, Duke Ellington, Arthur Dove, and Georgia O'Keeffe—it included composers who wrote music for the concert hall, most notably George Antheil, Aaron Copland, Henry Cowell, Ruth Crawford, George Gershwin, Roy Harris, Roger Sessions, William Grant Still, and Virgil Thomson. Over the course of the decade, American composers of concert music explored an imaginative range of styles and ideologies, all under the banner of modernism. Leaders emerged among them: first the French-American Edgard Varèse; and by the second half of the decade, Copland and Cowell. This book looks at the extraordinary network of composers and ideologies that gave rise to modernist music—or new music—in New York City, from World War I until the early years of the Depression.
12 Women Patrons and Activists
Authors: Oja Carol J. 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
The modern music organizations that sprang up in New York City during the 1920s made composers their focus. Yet the establishment of these institutions by no means involved only composers but rather an intricate network of publishers, promoters, performers, editors, and patrons. No movement of isolated trailblazers, American modernism grew out of an interconnected community. With energy and imagination, a series of women worked intensely and often anonymously to give composers viability on the American cultural scene. This chapter focuses on yet another sector of female activity within New York's modern music community: the patronage of Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, Alma Morgenthau Wertheim, and Blanche Walton, and the organizational achievement of Claire Reis. These women have largely been absent from chronicles of the period—partly because they chose to keep a low profile and documentation of their work is uneven—but also because of lingering attitudes about gender and the writing of history.
Epilogue
Authors: Oja Carol J. 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
In many ways, New York City yielded a thriving marketplace for modernism during the 1920s. As the decade progressed, modernist music became ever more varied, and by its end, a new generation of American composers and critics had come into its own. At the same time, an institutional network for new music took shape, and an aesthetic agenda was set in place that fueled American composition for the rest of the century. Perhaps most striking of all was the way the 1920s turned the Atlantic into a conduit for artistic exchange. Americans traveled abroad, Europeans visited the United States, and music by both was heard in both places. Whether Dada and its accompanying tie to machines, neoclassicism, or the pursuit of dissonance, each new artistic preoccupation of the period had practitioners on both sides of the Atlantic. America's relationship to Europe also emerged as an important factor in the “high-low” debate—especially in the criticism of Paul Rosenfeld, which did so much to define American modernism.
“To Better People Their Land, and to Bring the Country to Produce More Abundantly”
Authors: FOOTE THELMA WILLS 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
This chapter tracks the Dutch colonization project of Manhattan Island from 1624 to 1664 and shows that following the Dutch invasion, Manhattan Island became a dynamic zone of cross-cultural contact and polyvalent relations of power between WIC officials, natives, settlers, and slaves. It reveals that colonial New York City's pluralism — its demographic and sociocultural diversity — was a direct product of the project of colony building.