bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aspects diagnostiques et thérapeutiques de la torsion du cordon spermatique au CHU Aristide-Le-Dantec de Dakar
Authors: Sarr A. , Fall B. , Mouss B. , Sow Y. , Thiam A. , Diao B. , Fall P.A. , Diagne B.A. 
Published: May 2010

Résumé

Objectif
Étudier les aspects diagnostiques et thérapeutiques de la torsion du cordon spermatique (TCS) dans notre pratique quotidienne et faire une revue de la littérature.

Patients et méthodes
Étude rétrospective de janvier 2002 à décembre 2009 sur tous les cas de suspicion de TCS reçus en urgence.

Résultats
La TCS était confirmée chez 58 patients après scrototomie exploratrice. L’âge moyen des patients était de 21 ans (avec des extrêmes de 1 et de 44 ans) et 48 patients (83 %) étaient âgés de plus de 15 ans. Le délai moyen entre le début de la symptomatologie douloureuse et l’arrivée aux urgences était de 102 heures (avec des extrêmes de 2 et de 480 heures); 47 patients ont été reçus après la sixième heure et 19 patients ont été référés d’une structure périphérique. La torsion était supravaginale chez cinq sujets âgés de plus de 15 ans et était sanctionnée d’une orchidectomie chez 30 patients (52 %).

Conclusion
Notre série est caractérisée par un taux élevé de castration d’où l’intérêt de mettre l’accent sur la sensibilisation des populations qui doivent venir consulter en urgence devant une grosse bourse douloureuse aiguë.
Individual and contextual parameters associated with adolescents’ domain specific self‐perceptions
Authors: Kokkinos Constantinos M. , Hatzinikolaou Stamatia 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACTThe present study examined the role of adolescents’ self‐esteem and perceptions of family and classroom contexts on their domain specific self‐perceptions. 345 Greek junior high school adolescents aged 14–16 completed measures of domain specific self‐perceptions, self‐esteem, parenting styles and classroom climate. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that both family and classroom contexts predicted students’ self‐perceptions, after students’ demographics, academic achievement and self‐esteem were controlled for. However, different patterns emerged in the relationship between family, classroom climate and self‐esteem depending on domain specific self‐perceptions. Academic self‐perceptions (scholastic, mathematics and language competences) were predicted by classroom climate dimensions (order and organization, student involvement, rule clarity), whereas self‐perceptions regarding relations with parents, close friends and behaviour conduct, were predicted by parenting styles. Given the fact that adolescence is a period of fluctuation in self‐understanding which renders self‐perceptions particularly malleable, the results support the critical role of the social environments where adolescents operate.
Prevalence and clinical correlates of deliberate self‐harm among a community sample of Italian adolescents
Authors: Cerutti R. , Manca M. , Presaghi F. , Gratz Kim L. 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACTThe aims of this study were to investigate the rates of deliberate self‐harm (DSH) behavior among an Italian adolescent sample, as well as to explore its clinical correlates. On a sample of 234 adolescents in Italian secondary schools (Mean age = 16.47; SD = 1.7) were assessed the DSH as well as externalizing symptoms (including both conduct disorder [CD] and oppositional defiant disorder [ODD] symptoms), borderline personality disorder [BPD] symptoms, dissociative symptoms, and the incidence of life‐stressors. Consistent with past research on DSH in youth, 42% of the adolescents in this sample engaged in DSH. Results indicate a positive association between DSH and all psychopathological correlates, including BPD, dissociative, and ODD and CD symptoms. Further, findings revealed an association between DSH and specific life‐stressors (i.e., psychological and sexual abuse, natural disasters and serious accidents, the loss of someone important, and the witnessing of family violence or a serious accident).
The Return of History: Museum, Heritage, and National Identity in Imperial Russia
Authors: Dianina Katia 
Published: May 2010

History plays a major role in the formation of nations. Museums of history, as they emerged during the long 19th century, are pivotal sites for the display of national heritage and identity. The present article considers the origins of the State Historical Museum in Moscow as a “festival of public activity” and discusses its unique civic character. Although the idea of a public museum was not new, in imperial Russia it had existed only as a figment for much of the nineteenth century, until Russian National Museum ( Russkii natsional'nyi muzei) was founded in 1872. The press represented the museum as an institution that should cultivate in its visitors pride for the country and “lay a foundation for national consciousness.” The museum's vast task—to visually represent the millennial history of the Russian state—qualified the Historical Museum as a national institution. The museum was “national” in another sense, too: it came to occupy a major place in public culture. Prepared by years of open discourse that problematized and prioritized issues of national identity in the course of which Russian society also learned the basic grammar of representation, the museum assumed a prominent place in society. Years before its opening, the Historical Museum had already become the talk of the nation. Paradoxically, unlike the popular discourse built around the museum, the institution itself did not fare well. When in 1883, eleven years after its founding, the museum finally opened its doors to the public in conjunction with Alexander III's coronation, only a fraction of the overall design was implemented. Today the newly opened State Historical Museum returns to assume the role in society that was well articulated but never realized by its progenitor: to serve as an anchor of national identity, a link between the present and the past, and a monument to a revived national tradition.
Maternal mortality in China, 1996–2005
Authors: Liang Juan , Zhu Jun , Dai Li , Li Xiaohong , Li Mingrong , Wang Yanping 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the trend in maternal mortality ratio (MMR), characteristics and causes of maternal deaths, and factors influencing the MMR in China between 1996 and 2005.MethodsData used in this study are based on the nationwide maternal mortality surveillance system. Trend in MMR and cause‐specific mortality were analyzed using the Cochran‐Armitage trend test.ResultsFrom 1996 to 2005, MMR was higher in rural areas than in urban areas; and highest in remote areas followed by inner lands and coastal regions. The overall MMR in China decreased from 64.1 per 100 000 live births in 1996 to 47.6 per 100 000 live births in 2005. MMR in rural areas, remote areas, and coastal regions showed a decreasing trend. The leading causes of maternal death were obstetric hemorrhage, pregnancy‐induced hypertension, and amniotic fluid embolism. The mortality ratio of obstetric hemorrhage in rural areas and remote areas reduced significantly (P < 0.001).ConclusionThe MMR in China displayed regional differences. Declines in rural areas and remote areas resulted from well‐targeted programs by the Chinese government. Future interventions are recommended to target causes of maternal death.
Genetic abnormalities in Turkish women with premature ovarian failure
Authors: Ceylaner Gulay , Altinkaya Sunduz Ozlem , Mollamahmutoglu Leyla , Ceylaner Serdar 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo identify the distribution of cytogenetic abnormalities among Turkish women with premature ovarian failure (POF).MethodA karyotype analysis was performed at the Medical Genetics Department of Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey, for 75 women younger than 40 years found to have POF over a 5‐year period.ResultsThere were 18 familial cases (24%), 1 of which involving an abnormality of the X chromosome [46,X,del(X)(q22)]. Sixteen patients (21.3%) had chromosomal abnormalities such as Xq and Xp deletions, translocations, and numerical aberrations; 2 had Swyer syndrome; 2 were fragile X premutation carriers; and 1 had galactosemia.ConclusionA genetic cause of POF was identified in 39 (52%) of 75 patients. A thorough genetic evaluation of women with POF should be performed regardless of clinical features suggestive of chromosomal abnormality.
Prevention of unsafe abortion in countries of Central Eastern Europe and Central Asia
Authors: Hodorogea Stelian , Comendant Rodica 
Published: May 2010

AbstractDespite permissive laws and a well‐developed network of facilities, the incidence of unsafe abortion and the resulting maternal mortality is unacceptably high in Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia, with one‐quarter of all maternal deaths reported to occur as a consequence of abortion. Among the reasons that oblige women to submit themselves to risky procedures are new legislative barriers to accessing pregnancy termination, the unequal distribution of abortion services and healthcare providers, the increased costs of abortion services or unofficial payments, coupled with an increase in the number of impoverished and disadvantaged individuals. The quality of abortion services remains very poor. Safe abortion techniques, including manual vacuum aspiration under local anesthesia and medical abortion, are slowly being implemented. Less safe methods such as dilatation and curettage and general anesthesia are widely used. Unsafe techniques are also practiced extensively in the case of second trimester abortions. Many women from these regions of the world still rely on and accept abortion as a means of fertility control. Although abortions have fallen significantly in Eastern Europe over the last decade, both in absolute numbers and as rates, this region continues to have the highest abortion rates in the world. Concerted efforts by governments, professional associations, and international donors are needed to reduce the consequences of unsafe abortion.
THE ROLE OF WATER IN THE GROWTH OF THE TEA (CAMELLIA SINENSIS) CROP: A SYNTHESIS OF RESEARCH IN EASTERN AFRICA. 1. WATER RELATIONS
Authors: CARR M. K. V. 
Published: May 2010

SUMMARYWith a focus on eastern Africa, the results of research on the ecophysiology and water relations of tea are reviewed. In particular, work undertaken at the Ngwazi Tea Research Station (formerly Unit) in southern Tanzania is synthesized and interpreted in relation to work reported from elsewhere in Africa (and beyond where appropriate). Topics covered include factors influencing: the components of yield, yield distribution, root growth, stomatal behaviour, photosynthesis, transpiration, xylem water potential and how cultivars vary in their responses to water stress. A companion paper (Carr, 2010) reviews the results of research on the irrigation of tea, water productivity, and its practical significance to the tea industry and the wider scientific community.
Suppression of stimulated Raman scattering at ultra relativistic laser power: Effect of localization
Authors: GUPTA RUCHIKA , SHARMA PRERANA , SHARMA R. P. , RAFAT M. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe filamentation of the high-power laser beam is investigated by taking off axial contribution when relativistic nonlinearity is considered. The effect of filamentation of the laser beam is studied on the localization of the electron plasma wave (EPW) and on the stimulated Raman scattering (SRS). The semi-analytical solution of the nonlinearly coupled EPW equation in the presence of laser beam filaments has been found. It is observed that due to this nonlinear coupling between two waves, localization of EPW takes place. This localization of EPW affects the Eigen frequency and damping of plasma wave. The new enhanced damping of the plasma wave has been calculated and it is found that the SRS process gets suppressed due to the localization of plasma wave in laser beam filamentary structures. For typical laser beam and plasma parameters with wavelength λ (=1064 nm), power flux (=1018 W cm−2) and plasma density n/ncr (=0.2); the SRS back reflectivity is found to be suppressed by a factor of approximately 8%.
Prestige, accommodation, and the legacy of relativewho
Authors: D'Arcy Alexandra , Tagliamonte Sali A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis article presents a quantitative variationist analysis of the English restrictive relative pronouns. However, where previous research has largely focused on language-internal explanations for variant choice, the focus here is the social meaning of this erstwhile syntactic variable. We uncover rich sociolinguistic embedding of the relative pronouns in standard, urban speech. The only productivewh-form iswho, which continues to pattern as a prestige form centuries after its linguistic specialization as a human subject relative. This legacy of prestige is reflected not only in the social characteristics of those with whom it is associated, but also in the patterns of accommodation that are visible in its use. These findings simultaneously demonstrate the tenacious nature of social meaning and the enduring effects of grammatical ideology, both of which influence pronoun choice in the context of face-to-face interaction. (Restrictive relative pronouns,who, change from above, age-grading, prestige, accommodation)*
Natural and man-induced evolutionary shifts in the birds of some Cuban cays
Authors: Garrido Orlando H. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryEvidence from described subspecies and sightings and collection of distinct but undescribed forms suggests that the cays fringing Cuba have harboured populations of birds that represent their earliest invaders, but that, with the advent of man (and in particular the recent development of causeways between the mainland and the cays), these relictual, endemic populations have been outcompeted or genetically swamped by more recently evolved subspecies from the main island.
The distribution, abundance and habitat preferences of the Salmon-crested Cockatoo Cacatua moluccensis on Seram, Indonesia
Authors: Marsden Stuart J. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe Salmon-crested Cockatoo Cacatua moluccensis is endemic to the Seram island group, Maluku Province, Indonesia. An apparently considerable population decline, attributed t o over-exploitation for the parrot trade, prompted CITES to ban all trade in the species in 1989. A short census was undertaken on Seram using the variable circular plot method. Cockatoo density estimates were highest in little-disturbed lowland forest and lowest in recently logged forest and in non-forested areas. Discriminant function analysis was used t o describe the distribution of the species. The discriminant profile suggested that cockatoos were associated with mature lowland forest closer to rather than farther away from settlements. No conclusions are possible as to the relative importance of bird capture and habitat alteration on the population of the Salmon-crested Cockatoo, but an urgent need for further standardized censuses of cockatoo populations, and for research concerning the population dynamics of this and other traded parrot species, is stressed.
Notes on the ecology, conservation and taxonomic status of Hylorchilus wrens
Authors: Atkinson Philip W. , Whittingham Mark J. , Garza Hector Gomez de Silva , Kent Adam M. , Maier Ruth T. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryFieldwork conducted in Veracruz and Chiapas, Mexico, between July and December 1991 indicates that the genus Hylorchilus merits retention and that the two forms, H. (sumichrasti) sumichrasti and H. (s.) navai, are good species, based chiefly on this study's discovery of their very different voices. Both are, however, ground-level feeders on invertebrates gleaned from limestone outcrops under closed-canopy forest, and both are at risk from habitat loss. Despite the very restricted range of H. navai and threats to its habitat the population is partially protected and so it is recommended it be allocated IUCN status “Rare”, while H. sumichrasti merits the existing classification “Vulnerable/Rare”.Los trabajos de campo realizados en Veracruz y Chiapas, México, entre Julio y Diciembre de 1991 indican que el género Hylorchilus merece ser mantenido, y que las dos formas, H. (sumichrasti) sumichrasti y H. (s.) navai, son especies válidas, en base a las diferencias de voz descubiertas en este estudio. Ambas especies se alimentan a nivel del suelo, a base de invertebrados que capturan sobre rocas calizas en áreas de selva cerrada, y ambas están amenazadas por la pérdida de su hábitat. A pesar de que H. navai tiene un área de distribución muy pequeña y de que su hábitat está amenazado, la población está parcialmente protegida y por lo tanto se recomienda que se le considere en la categoría de amenaza “Rara” de la UICN, mientras que H. sumichrasti debe continuar como “Vulnerable/Rara”.
The Black-Necked CranesGrus NigricollisOf Ruoergai Marshes, Sichuan, China
Authors: Scott D. A. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe marshes of the Hongyuan-Ruoergai Plateau in northern Sichuan were visited between 27 May and 10 June 1991 to determine the status there of Black-necked CranesGrus nigricollis, to investigate reports of threats to their habitat from peat-mining, and to consider options for a protected area for the cranes. Almost 80,000 ha of wetlands in Ruoergai County were surveyed, as well as some of the contiguous wetlands in northern Hongyuan County; 240 Black-necked Cranes and 24 active nests were located. Between 600 and 900 cranes were estimated to be present on the plateau, making this the most important breeding and summering area for the species hitherto known. Neither peatmining nor hunting was judged to pose a threat to the cranes. The principal threat is drainage of habitat for pastureland: overgrazing by domestic livestock is a serious problem on the grasslands, and some drainage of bogs has already occurred in an attempt to increase the area of grazing land. The establishment of a large “crane conservation area” has been proposed, in which there would be no restrictions on the traditional activities of the local tribespeople, but where large-scale drainage, peat-mining and other development activities likely to have a negative impact on the wetlands would be prohibited.
Status, habitat and conservation of the Rufous-fronted Antthrush Formicarius rufifrons
Authors: Kratter Andrew W. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryHabitat preferences of the Rufous-fronted Antthrush Formicarius rufifrons were studied along the Rio Tambopata in south-eastern Peru. All territories of this threatened species, endemic to lowland forests in the department of Madre de Dios, Peru, contained the near-juxtaposition of two distinct vegetation types: tall floodplain forest with shaded understorey, and more open, second-growth vegetation with a very dense layer of vegetation close to the ground. The latter habitat type was closely associated with disturbances, such as river erosion, tree falls, or human clearings. Two measures of antthrush density were calculated for the study area. A satellite photograph was used to identify appropriate habitat along the upper Rio Tambopata, and using the antthrush density figures, a population size of 100-500 pairs was estimated for this area. This estimate was then used to calculate a global population of 700-3,500 pairs. Approximately 207c of the global population occurs within currently protected areas. The habitat and diet of this species are discussed in relation to two othercongeners.Las preferencias de hábitat de Formicarius rufifrons fueron estudiadas a lo largo del Tambopata en el sureste del Perú. Los territorios de esta amenazada especie, endémica de los bosques tropicales en el depto. de Madre de Dios, están compuestos por dos formaciones vegetales distintas: bosque alto de llanura y vegetación secundaria con un estrato inferior tupido. La vegetación secundaria se debe a los trastornos ecológicos, tales como la erosión fluvial, las caidas de árboles, y también a la tala de bosques. Los limites inferior y superior de densidad (tasa de población) fueron calculados en el área de estudio; los habitats apropriados se identificaron a lo largo del rio a través de imágenes de satélite y se pudo calcular un total de 100-500 parejas para la zona. Se empleó la tasa poblacional, entonces, para calcular la supuesta población global de 700-3,500 parejas. Hoy en dia, aproximadamente 20% de la población global de la especie ocurre dentro de áreas protegidas. Se trata, ademas, el hábitat y la dieta de F. rufifrons en relatión a dos especies congenéricas.
A recovery plan for Roseate Terns in the East Atlantic: an international programme
Authors: Avery M. I. , Coulthard N. D. , Del Nevo A. J. , Leroux A. , Medeiros F. , Merne O. , Monteiro L. , Moralee A. , Ntiamoa-Baidu Y. , O'Briain M. , Wallace E. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryIn 1987 an action plan for the recovery of the European populations of Roseate Tern Sterna dougallii was launched. Intervention on the breeding grounds has included the wardening of sites to prevent human disturbance, the provision of nest-boxes to discourage predation, patrolling and controlling to reduce predator presence, planting of Lavatera arborea to shelter nesting birds, and use of the media to establish local interest and commitment. Intervention in the wintering area has focused on Ghana and the reduction there of trapping pressure, through the “Save the Seashore Birds Project-Ghana”, which has involved site protection, legal reform, training, surveys and education programmes.
Inter-island transfers and population dynamics of Seychelles WarblersAcrocephalus sechellensis
Authors: Komdeur Jan 
Published: May 2010

SummaryIn the 1950s the Seychelles Warbler Acrocephalus sechellensis was a highly threatened single-island endemic species with a population of 26 individuals confined to Cousin Island in the inner Seychelles. Following long-term management of Cousin, the population steadily recovered to around 300–360 birds. In order to give the species the security of additional breeding populations, some warblers were successfully transferred to the islands of Aride and Cousine in September 1988 and June 1990 respectively. During the three years after the transfer to Aride and the first year after the transfer to Cousine, mean territory quality (measured as insect prey available) on these islands was significantly higher than that on Cousin, leading to higher reproductive success per territory and survival of juveniles and adult birds. In November 1991, all transferred birds were still alive, and 205 young had fledged successfully, bringing the total warbler population to c.585 birds. By then there was enough suitable space still remaining on Aride and Cousine for young birds to establish territories and the rise in warbler numbers is expected to continue. The successful establishment of three self-sustaining and viable breeding populations has ensured that the Seychelles Warbler is no longer a globally threatened species.
New information on the distribution of Chestnut-bellied PartridgeArborophila javanicain the central parts of Java
Authors: Nijman Vincent , Sözer Resit 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe Chestnut-bellied PartridgeArborophila javanicais confined to the hill and mountain forests of Java. Until recently, its range was thought to be restricted to the western and eastern part of the island. Surveys performed in March-September 1994 in the central part of the island showed it to be present there as well. The species was found in six remnant forest patches where it was not known to occur. Data on habitat preferences and altitudinal distribution are given.