bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal pattern of aridity index in Iran with considering precipitation and evapotranspiration trends
Authors: Tabari Hossein , Aghajanloo Mohammad‐Bagher 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe knowledge of aridity is needed to explain landscape characteristics and the rational utilization of water resources. With global warming, an increase in aridity is expected for many parts of the world. This study was undertaken to analyse monthly and annual aridity index (IA), utilizing ratio of precipitation (P) over reference evapotranspiration (ETo), at ten stations located in critical agricultural regions in Iran. The Kendall and Spearman tests with considering serial correlation effect were used for analysis. An increase in aridity, as the P/ETo index decreased, was found during the study period, and the increase was more obvious in the semi‐arid region of Iran than in the humid region. The increase of aridity was caused by the concurrent occurrences of negative P trends and positive ETo trends. The results indicated the lowest numbers of the negative IA trends in the July series and the highest numbers in the January, February and March series. According to the Theil–Sen's estimator, the annual P of the semi‐arid and humid regions decreased at the average rates of (−)22.87 and (−)6.24 mm year−1 per decade respectively, whereas the annual ETo values in the semi‐arid and humid regions increased by (+)11.42 and (+)6.82 mm year−1 per decade, respectively. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
Chemical activation reactions of cyclic alkanes and ethers and tricyclodecane ring‐opened diradicals with O2: Thermochemistry, reaction paths, kinetics, and modeling
Authors: Auzmendi‐Murua Itsaso , Hudzik Jason , Bozzelli Joseph W. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe initial unimolecular dissociation reactions of tricyclodecane (TCD, C10H16) and other cyclic alkanes and ethers in combustion systems are ring opening to form a dialkyl radical. These diradicals can undergo reassociation, further reaction with the alkyl fragments, or bimolecular reactions. Either of the two radical sites on this dialkyl radical can react with 3O2 to form a peroxy radical. This peroxy radical can further react with the alkyl fragment or undergo association to form a chemically activated peroxide. This energized peroxide has near 25 kcal mol−1 energy above that needed to cleave the weak ROOR bond, and cleavage of this peroxide bond to form a dialkoxy radical is found to be rapid under combustion conditions. The dialkoxy radicals formed can undergo beta scission reactions to form strong carbonyl bonds or undergo intra‐ and intermolecular abstraction reactions with the alkyl fragment or parent cyclic molecules. The exothermicity of the overall reaction to formation of carbonyls or new radical plus alcohols can serve to accelerate the overall combustion process. To our knowledge, these reactions are not considered in present combustion mechanisms. In this study, we evaluate the thermochemistry and kinetics of these reactions and use elementary reaction modeling to evaluate their importance to the TDC and C3 to C5 ring systems. Needed thermochemistry and kinetics of the three‐ to five‐member cyclic alkanes and ethers are developed and also used for increased accuracy in work reactions for thermochemistry of the larger TCD system. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 44: 232–256, 2012
Quantitative electromyography improves prediction in vocal fold paralysis
Authors: Smith Libby J. , Rosen Clark A. , Niyonkuru Christian , Munin Michael C. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectives:Quantitative laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) using turns analysis can differentiate acute vocal fold paralysis from normal controls. The objective of this study is to determine if using both traditional qualitative LEMG measurements in addition to turns analysis improves prognostic accuracy in patients with acute vocal fold paralysis who demonstrate voluntary motor activity.Study Design:Retrospective review of LEMG data (qualitative and quantitative) and charts of patients with vocal fold paralysis on flexible laryngoscopy, recurrent laryngeal neuropathy, and varying degrees of motor unit recruitment.Methods:Laryngeal EMG using a standardized protocol involving qualitative (evaluation of recruitment, motor unit configuration, detection of fibrillations, synkinesis) and quantitative (turns analysis) measurements was performed. Prognosis was correlated with vocal fold motion recovery status (minimum of 6 months following onset) using positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV).Results:Twenty‐three patients underwent LEMG for acute recurrent laryngeal neuropathy. All four patients with excellent LEMG prognosis recovered motion, whereas 17/19 patients with fair/poor LEMG prognosis were without motion at least 6 months following onset, resulting in a 100% PPV and 89.5% NPV.Conclusions:Integrating both qualitative and quantitative LEMG data improves prognostic accuracy in vocal fold paralysis patients who demonstrate voluntary motor unit activity. Laryngoscope, 2012
Bioengineered prosthesis with allogenic heterotopic fibroblasts for cricoid regeneration
Authors: Nomoto Yukio , Okano Wataru , Imaizumi Mitsuyoshi , Tani Akiko , Nomoto Mika , Omori Koichi 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a bioengineered prosthesis with allogenic heterotopic fibroblasts for cricoid regeneration.Study Design:Experimental study using a rat model.Methods:Bioengineered prosthetic grafts consisting of collagen sponge, polypropylene mesh, collagen gel, and allogenic dermal fibroblasts were implanted into rat cricoid defects. Control grafts were composed of collagen sponge and polypropylene mesh. Regenerated subglottic tissue was subsequently examined histologically.Results:Epithelization and changes of collagen fibers occurred more rapidly in the bioengineered model than in the control model. Neogenetic cartilage was observed to form around the ends of cricoid cartilage in both models.Conclusions:Heterotopic fibroblasts appear to accelerate epithelial and subepithelial regeneration in a rat model. Laryngoscope, 2012
Utility of positron‐emission tomography/computed tomography imaging in the management of the neck in recurrent laryngeal cancer
Authors: Gilbert Mark R. , Branstetter Barton F. , Kim Seungwon 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Patients who develop recurrence of laryngeal cancer after radiotherapy organ preservation protocols are offered salvage laryngectomy, often with bilateral neck dissection. However, there can be multiple complications of neck dissection in the previously irradiated neck, including poor wound healing and increased potential for fistula. Positron‐emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) may have the ability to spare some of these patients from the morbidity of unnecessary neck dissections if it can reliably exclude recurrent nodal disease. The purpose of our study was to determine whether preoperative PET/CT could correctly predict the pathologic status of the neck in patients with locally recurrent laryngeal cancer and clinically N0 neck.Study Design:Retrospective review.Methods:A review of our head and neck tumor registry revealed 269 patients with recurrence of laryngeal cancer from 1975 to 2010. Out of this pool, we identified 15 patients who had PET/CT scans prior to neck dissections for recurrent laryngeal cancer.Results:Five patients with pathologically negative neck had accurate PET/CT reads (100% specificity) prior to surgery. Similarly, seven patients who had a PET/CT read positive for cervical disease had pathologically positive nodes (100% positive predictive value). However, three patients with clinically N0 neck who had PET/CT reads that were negative had positive nodal pathology, giving a sensitivity of 70% and a 62.5% negative predictive value.Conclusions:We believe that this false negative rate is too high to warrant deferring neck dissection based on PET/CT, and we recommend that patients who are clinically N0 for recurrent laryngeal cancer be offered neck dissection along with salvage laryngectomy. Laryngoscope, 2012
Increased eustachian tube dysfunction in infants with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Robison Jacob G. , Wilson Caleb , Otteson Todd D. , Chakravorty Sangeeta S. , Mehta Deepak K. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To investigate the prevalence of eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) in infants with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).Study Design:Retrospective medical record review of infants (3–24 months old) diagnosed with OSA and ETD.Methods:There were 94 infants diagnosed with OSA by polysomnography and ETD as determined by performance of myringotomy and ventilation tube placement (MT). The main outcome measures were demographic data, apnea‐hypopnea index, dates and number of MTs, interventions for treatment of OSA, and medical comorbidities.Results:Of 295 infants diagnosed with OSA, 94 (31.9%) had concomitant ETD. A total of 135 MT procedures were performed, with 30 (31.9%) patients undergoing two or more procedures. The average age of first MT was 16.3 months for those undergoing MT only once, and 11.1 months for those undergoing at least two MT procedures. There was no difference in average age of first MT when analyzed by OSA severity (15.6 months, 14.2 months, and 14.6 months for mild, moderate, and severe OSA, respectively). The first MT procedure was performed before or concurrent with the first treatment for OSA in 75 (80%) patients. Of the 137 interventions for treatment of OSA, 10 (45.5%) nonsurgical and 75 (65.2%) surgical interventions did not require further MT procedures afterward.Conclusions:The ETD prevalence of 32% in infants with OSA is increased compared to the general pediatric prevalence of 4% to 7%. Patients presenting for evaluation of OSA should also be evaluated for ETD. Surgical interventions for treatment of OSA led to decreased need for further MT procedures.
The oncologic radicality of supracricoid partial laryngectomy with cricohyoidopexy in the treatment of advanced N0‐N1 laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: De Virgilio Armando , Fusconi Massimo , Gallo Andrea , Greco Antonio , Kim Se‐Heon , Conte Michela , Alessi Simone , Tombolini Mario , de Vincentiis Marco 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The aim of the study was to evaluate the oncologic outcome of our series of advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas, primarily treated by supracricoid laryngectomy with cricohyoidopexy or total laryngectomy, to compare the two therapeutic modalities.Study Design:Retrospective controlled study.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the medical files, operative charts, and pathology reports of 83 patients who underwent total laryngectomy or supracricoid laryngectomy with cricohyoidopexy between February 1999 and March 2009. We only included cases in which both surgical treatments were feasible. Endpoints included local control, locoregional control, overall survival, and disease‐specific survival.Results:When we stratified the patients according to T stage, no statistically significant differences emerged in terms of overall and disease‐specific survival. When we compared total laryngectomy to cricohyoidopexy in N1 patients, 3‐year overall survival and disease‐specific survival differences were statistically relevant (P = .022 and P = .030, respectively).Conclusions:Total laryngectomy warranted better results in term of overall and disease‐specific survival, although the differences were not statistically significant. Local and locoregional control in the two treatment groups were overlapping, showing that cricohyoidopexy (when technically feasible) could be a valid surgical option in selected advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Laryngoscope, 2012
Correlation between the head‐lying side during sleep and the affected side by benign paroxysmal positional vertigo involving the posterior or horizontal semicircular canal
Authors: Shim Dae Bo , Kim Ji Hong , Park Kye Chun , Song Mee Hyun , Park Hong Ju 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the head position during sleep and the affected semicircular canal (SCC) in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV).Study Design:Prospective study at a tertiary hospital.Methods:We conducted a prospective study in patients with BPPV involving posterior or horizontal SCCs. Of a total of 425 patients diagnosed with BPPV, 83 patients showing signs of simultaneous multiple canal involvement, and those having combined otologic diseases in the same ear were excluded from the study. All patients included in the study were asked to define their preferred head‐lying side at the beginning of sleep among the following choices: supine, lateral (right or left), or no predominant side.Results:Our study included 174 patients with posterior SCC BPPV (p‐BPPV) and 168 patients with horizontal SCC BPPV (h‐BPPV). Patients habitually adopted a lateral head position during sleep in 105 cases of p‐BPPV and 109 cases of h‐BPPV. Statistically significant correlation was demonstrated between the head‐lying side during sleep and the affected side by BPPV (P < .01) in patients with p‐BPPV as well as h‐BPPV.Conclusions:There is significant correlation between the head‐lying side during sleep and the side affected by BPPV in h‐BPPV and p‐BPPV, which may provide additional clues about the pathophysiology of BPPV. Clinically, this information may be used to provide helpful guidelines for patients with BPPV concerning their sleeping positions to prevent recurrence of BPPV. Laryngoscope, 2012
The possible price of auditory cueing: Influence on obstacle avoidance in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Nanhoe‐Mahabier Wandana , Delval Arnaud , Snijders Anke H. , Weerdesteyn Vivian , Overeem Sebastiaan , Bloem Bastiaan R. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBackground:Under carefully controlled conditions, rhythmic auditory cueing can improve gait in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). In complex environments, attention paid to cueing might adversely affect gait, for example when a simultaneous task—such as avoiding obstacles—has to be executed. We primarily examined whether concurrent auditory cueing interferes with an obstacle avoidance task in patients with PD. The secondary aim was to study differences between patients with and without freezing of gait.Methods:Nineteen patients with PD (8 with freezing) were examined on a treadmill in 4 conditions: normal walking; walking with auditory cueing; walking with an obstacle avoidance task; and walking with auditory cueing and obstacle avoidance. Outcome measures included kinematic gait parameters and obstacle crossing parameters.Results:Auditory cueing improved gait in PD, without negative effects on concurrent obstacle avoidance. Additionally, freezers avoided obstacles less efficiently than non‐freezers.Conclusions:PD patients are able to successfully execute an obstacle avoidance task, when auditory cueing is administered simultaneously. The different obstacle avoidance behavior in freezers may contribute to their higher fall risk. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society
Genetic influences on cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Morley James F. , Xie Sharon X. , Hurtig Howard I. , Stern Matthew B. , Colcher Amy , Horn Stacy , Dahodwala Nabila , Duda John E. , Weintraub Daniel , Chen‐Plotkin Alice S. , Van Deerlin Vivianna , Falcone Dana , Siderowf Andrew 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe role of genetic factors in cognitive decline associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) is unclear. We examined whether variations in apolipoprotein E (APOE), microtubule‐associated protein tau (MAPT), or catechol‐O‐methytransferase (COMT) genotypes are associated with cognitive decline in PD. We performed a prospective cohort study of 212 patients with a clinical diagnosis of PD. The primary outcome was change in Mattis Dementia Rating Scale version 2 score. Linear mixed‐effects models and survival analysis were used to test for associations between genotypes and change in cognitive function over time. The ε4 allele of APOE was associated with more rapid decline (loss of 2.9; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.7–4.1) of more points per year; P < 0.001) in total score and an increased risk of a ≥10 point drop during the follow‐up period (hazard ratio, 2.8; 95% CI: 1.4–5.4; P = 0.003). MAPT haplotype and COMT genotype were associated with measures of memory and attention, respectively, over the entire follow‐up period, but not with the overall rate of cognitive decline. These results confirm and extend previously described genetic associations with cognitive decline in PD and imply that individual genes may exert effects on specific cognitive domains or at different disease stages. Carrying at least one APOE ε4 allele is associated with more rapid cognitive decline in PD, supporting the idea of a component of shared etiology between PD dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Clinically, these results suggest that genotyping can provide information about the risk of future cognitive decline for PD patients. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society
WIDE dynamic range low noise amplifier module for Ka‐band radar applications
Authors: Jeong Jinho , Kim Youngmin , Park Sangmin , Kim Younjin , Park Changhyun , Lee Sangjoo , Kwon Youngwoo 
Published: February 2012

AbstractKa‐band low noise amplifier (LNA) module with wide dynamic range is presented using 0.15‐μm pseudo‐morphic high electron mobility transistors for radar applications.Two of attenuator‐combined low‐gain LNA microwave monolithic integrated circuits are cascaded to increase the gain without degrading input power handling capability. There exist two operating modes depending on the level of input power, that is, low power and high power modes. The measurement shows a high gain of 21.9 dB and low noise figure of 2.7 dB at 35 GHz in low power mode at which two attenuators are off. At high input power, the attenuators are turned on to handle high power, and the module presents an attenuation of 6.4 dB with a high input 1‐dB gain compression point (P1dB,in) of 6.5 dBm. The module shows good input and output return losses better than 9.1 dB in both modes. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1031–1035, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26675
Dual linearly polarized X‐band dielectric resonator antenna yielding symmetric radiation patterns
Authors: Faiz A. M. , Alves T. , Poussot B. , Laheurte J. M. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA dielectric resonator antenna is excited by two orthogonal H‐shaped aperture slots yielding two orthogonal polarizations in the broadside direction. A common impedance bandwidth of 5.9% and input port isolation of −35 dB are obtained in the X‐band. The broadside radiation patterns are found to be highly symmetric and stable with cross polarization levels −15 dB or better over the entire matching frequency band. The maximum measured gain is found to be 2.5 dBi at 8.4 GHz. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:999–1001, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26677
Analyses of a square ring resonator used for bandpass filter design with multispurious suppression
Authors: Pan Heng‐Yau , Yang Ru‐Yuan , Lin Jia‐Sheng 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIn this article, we proposed a method to analyze the voltages, currents, and imaginary impedances of the resonant modes in the square ring resonator by converting the square ring resonator to a guided wavelength transmission line.The impedance of the first four resonant modes of the ring resonator can be found and used as the coupling region for the bandpass response design with a high quality and multispurious suppression. A filter example using this concept was designed, fabricated, and measured. The filter composed of two square ring resonators and a half wavelength microstrip line showed a wide rejection bandwidth until four times the passband frequency. The simulated and measured results of the filter example were in a good agreement. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1089–1092, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26702
Multiband printed and double‐sided dipole antenna for WLAN/WiMAX applications
Authors: Yuan Z.‐X. , Yin Y.‐Z. , Ding Y. , Li B. , Xie J. J. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA novel type of printed and doubled‐sided dipole antenna with multiband operation for wireless local area networks and worldwide interoperability for microwave access is presented. The antenna is composed of several symmetrical branch strips dipoles which are employed as resonators for multiband operation and a modified rectangular ground plane as a reflector. Prototype of the proposed antenna has been constructed and experimentally studied. The measured results of the tri‐band not only explore wide −10 dB impedance bandwidths of 20, 14, and 15% at the operating bands of 2.5, 3.5, and 5.5 GHz respectively, but also show good agreement with the numerical predictions. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1019–1022, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26705
Optical spin manipulation using dark‐bright soliton behaviors in a panda ring resonator
Authors: Muhammad F. D. , Teeka C. , Ali J. , Yupapin P. P. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA new concept of an optoelectronic spin generation using bright and dark soliton conversion behaviors within a modified optical add‐drop filters known as a PANDA ring resonator is proposed. The orthogonal solitons can be formed randomly within the system and detected simultaneously at the output ports. Under the resonant condition, the random transverse electric and magnetic fields of the solitons corresponding to the left‐hand and right‐hand photons can be generated. Whenever a photon is absorbed by an object, an angular momentum of either + ħ or –ħ is imparted to the object, in which two possible spin states known as optoelectronic spins are exhibited. Furthermore, the array of optoelectronic spins, i.e., many particles can be generated and controlled by using the proposed system, which can be used to form large scale spintronics applications. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:987–990, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26708
A novel design and development of simple monopole antenna for UWB operation
Authors: Veereshappa M. , Mulgi S. N. , Satnoor S. K. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA novel design and development of simple monopole rectangular microstip antenna is proposed for ultrawideband (UWB) operation. The antenna operates from 4.80 to 15.82 GHz with a reject band of 4.90 to 7.16 GHz. The proposed antenna is constructed from conventional rectangular microstip antenna by placing ground plane of height 2.48 cm on the top of the substrate with a distance of 0.1 cm from the microstripline feed and a continuous copper layer of same height is placed below the microstripline on the bottom layer of the substrate. Experimental results are in close agreement with the simulated results. The proposed antenna may find application for UWB operation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:953–955, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26710