bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxidative stress markers and apoptosis in the prostate of diabetic rats and the influence of vitamin C treatment
Authors: Gobbo Marina Guimarães , Ribeiro Daniele Lisboa , Taboga Sebastião Roberto , de Almeida Eduardo Alves , Góes Rejane Maira 
Published: February 2012

AbstractNegative consequences of diabetes on the prostate such as involution are associated with diminished testosterone, insulin deficiency, and hyperglycemia. The contributions of oxidative damage, which usually increases with diabetes, are unknown for these alterations. This study evaluated the impact of streptozotocin‐induced diabetes on the biomarkers of the antioxidant system of rat ventral prostate, the influence of vitamin C supplementation on these biomarkers, and on the balance between cell proliferation and death. Diabetes (D) was induced in Wistar male rats by streptozotocin (5 mg/100 g b.w., i.p.). Control animals (C) were injected with a vehicle. Vitamin C (150 mg/kg b.w./day) supplementation was introduced by gavage in diabetes (D + V) as well as control (C + V) groups. Thirty days after diabetes onset, the rats were killed and the ventral prostates were analyzed using light microscopy, immunocytochemistry, and biochemical assays for biomarkers of oxidative stress. In comparison to control groups, the levels of circulating testosterone, proliferating, and androgen receptor‐positive cells decreased in diabetic groups regardless of vitamin C treatment whereas apoptosis was increased. The levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase did not change, but the levels of glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST) were increased in diabetic prostate. Vitamin C supplementation normalized GST activity and recovered the apoptotic rates in the prostate. In conclusion, GST is a good indicator of compensatory oxidant defense in the prostate at earlier stages of diabetes and vitamin C improves its activity and attenuates apoptosis in the gland. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 2223–2233, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of external electromagnetic fields on the conformational sampling of a short alanine peptide
Authors: Solomentsev Gleb Y. , English Niall J. , Mooney Damian A. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractNon‐equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of a solvated 21‐residue polyalanine (A21) peptide, featuring a high propensity for helix formation, have been performed at 300 K and 1 bar in the presence of external electromagnetic (e/m) fields in the microwave region (2.45 GHz) and an r.m.s. electric field intensity range of 0.01–0.05 V/Å. To investigate how the field presence affects transitions between the conformational states of a protein, we report 16 independent 40 ns‐trajectories of A21 starting from both extended and fully folded states. We observe folding‐behavior of the peptide consistent with prior simulation and experimental studies. The peptide displays a natural tendency to form stable elements of secondary structure which are stabilized by tertiary interactions with proximate regions of the peptide. Consistent with our earlier work, the presence of external e/m fields disrupts this behavior, involving a mechanism of localized dipolar alignment which serves to enhance intra‐protein perturbations in hydrogen bonds (English, et al., J. Chem. Phys.
2010, 133, 091105), leading to more frequent transitions between shorter‐lifetime states. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stochastic model for photoinduced anisotropy
Authors: Cantatore Valentina , Granucci Giovanni , Persico Maurizio 
Published: February 2012

AbstractWe present a stochastic model for the kinetics of photoinduced anisotropy in a sample of molecular chromophores that may undergo photoisomerization. It is assumed that the chromo‐phores do not interact among them, but are embedded in a medium that slows down the rotational diffusion. The model makes use of data about the photoinduced reorientation of the single chromophore, its photoisomerization and its rotational diffusion, that are made available by molecular dynamics simulations. For the first time such molecular scale processes are computationally connected to the development of anisotropy in a large sample and on a long time scale. A test on azobenzene shows the potentiality of the method and the interplay between photoinduced anisotropy and photoisomerization. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Knock‐down of plasminogen‐activator inhibitor‐1 enhances expression of E‐cadherin and promotes epithelial differentiation of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Lupu‐Meiri Monica , Geras‐Raaka Elizabeth , Lupu Ruth , Shapira Hagit , Sandbank Judith , Segal Liora , Gershengorn Marvin C. , Oron Yoram 
Published: February 2012

AbstractHigh levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1), which is produced by stromal, endothelial, and cancer cells and has multiple complex effects on cancers, correlate with poor cancer prognosis. To more definitively study the role of endogenously produced PAI‐1 in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) PANC‐1 cell line biology, we used anti‐PAI‐1 shRNA to create stable PAI‐1 deficient cells (PD‐PANC‐1s). PD‐PANC‐1s exhibited a heterogeneous morphology. While the majority of cells exhibited a cuboidal shape similar to the parental PANC‐1 or the vector‐infected control cells, numerous large cells with long filopodia and a neuronal‐like appearance were observed. Although both Vector‐control cells and PD‐PANC‐1s expressed mRNAs that are characteristic of mesenchymal, neural, and epithelial phenotypes, epithelial marker RNAs were up‐regulated (e.g., E‐cadherin, 32‐fold) whereas mesenchymal marker RNAs were down‐regulated (e.g., Thy1, ninefold) in PD‐PANC‐1s, suggesting mesenchymal‐to‐epithelial transition. Neural markers exhibited both up‐ and down‐regulation. Immunocytochemistry indicated that epithelial‐like PD‐PANC‐1s expressed E‐cadherin and β‐catenin in significantly more cells, while neural‐like cells exhibited robust expression of organized β‐3‐tubulin. PAI‐1 and E‐cadherin were rarely co‐expressed in the same cells. Indeed, examination of PAI‐1 and E‐cadherin mRNAs expression in additional cell lines yielded clear inverse correlation. Indeed, infection of Colo357 PAC cells (that exhibit high expression of E‐cadherin) with PAI‐1‐expressing adenovirus led to a marked decrease in E‐cadherin expression and to enhanced migration of cells from clusters. Our results suggest that endogenous PAI‐1 suppresses expression of E‐cadherin and differentiation in PAC cells in vitro, supporting its negative impact on tumor prognosis. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 3621–3628, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Glycoxydation promotes vascular damage Via MAPK‐ERK/JNK pathways
Authors: de Nigris Filomena , Rienzo Monica , Sessa Marcella , Infante Teresa , Cesario Elena , Ignarro Louis J. , Al‐Omran Mohammed , Giordano Antonio , Palinski Wulf , Napoli Claudio 
Published: February 2012

AbstractOxidation and glycation enhance foam cell formation via MAPK/JNK in euglycemic and diabetic subjects. Here, we investigated the effects of glycated and oxidized LDL (glc‐oxLDL) on MAPK‐ERK and JNK signaling pathways using human coronary smooth muscle cells. Glc‐oxLDL induced a broad cascade of MAPK/JNK‐dependent signaling transduction pathways and the AP‐1 complex. In glc‐oxLDL treated coronary arterioles, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α increased JNK phosphorylation, whereas protein kinase inhibitor dimethylaminopurine (DMAP) prevented the TNF‐induced increase in JNK phosphorylation. The role of MKK4 and JNK were then investigated in vivo, using apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE−/−) mice. Peritoneal macrophages, isolated from spontaneously hyperlipidemic but euglycemic mice showed increases in both proteins and phosphorylated proteins. Compared to streptozotocin‐treated diabetic C57BL6 and nondiabetic C57BL6 Wt mice, in streptozotocin‐diabetic ApoE−/− mice, the increment of foam cell formation corresponded to an increment of phosphorylation of JNK1, JNK2, and MMK4. Thus, we provide a first line of evidence that MAPK‐ERK/JNK pathways are involved in vascular damage induced by glycoxidation. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 3639–3647, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Constant and steady transgene expression of interferon‐γ by optimization of plasmid construct for safe and effective interferon‐γ gene therapy
Authors: Ando Mitsuru , Takahashi Yuki , Nishikawa Makiya , Watanabe Yoshihiko , Takakura Yoshinobu 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBackgroundHydrodynamic injection of pmCMVenh‐hEF‐1prom‐muIFN‐γ, a plasmid DNA (pDNA) expressing murine interferon (IFN)‐γ with a murine cytomegalovirus (mCMV) enhancer and a human elongation factor (EF)‐1 promoter, has been proven effective for the treatment of cancer and atopic dermatitis in mice. However, the initial peak of IFN‐γ soon after injection was quite high compared to the steady level for subsequent periods, which could cause unwanted adverse effects. Therefore, in the present study, aiming to optimize the efficacy/side‐effect ratio of IFN‐γ gene transfer, we have developed plasmid vectors encoding murine IFN‐γ under the control of different combinations of promoter and enhancer sequences.MethodsThe promoter and enhancer sequence of pmCMVenh‐hEF‐1prom‐huIFN‐γ, a prototype plasmid expressing human IFN‐γ, was replaced or deleted to obtain various pDNAs. To assess the transgene expression profile, each pDNA was delivered to mice by hydrodynamic injection and the serum IFN‐γ concentration was measured periodically. On the basis of the results obtained, murine IFN‐γ expressing pDNAs were constructed and the body weight change was monitored as an indicator of adverse effects.ResultsThe prototype pmCMVenh‐hEF‐1prom‐huIFN‐γ showed a high but declining concentration of IFN‐γ. Those containing hROSA26 promoter expressed the transgene in a more constant manner with no initial high concentrations and scarcely reduced the body weight.ConclusionsThese results indicate that hROSA26 promoter, irrespective of the presence and type of enhancers, is suitable for achieving constant and steady level of transgene expression and effective in avoiding the body weight loss caused by high concentrations of IFN‐γ. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Low b‐value diffusion‐weighted imaging: Emerging applications in the body
Authors: Takahara Taro , Kwee Thomas C. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThanks to recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging technology, it has become possible to perform intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) in any part of the body. Extracranial applications of DWI are currently under active investigation, especially for oncological imaging. However, the use of non‐quantitative low b‐value (10–100 s/mm2) DWI in the body is still a relatively unexplored field, and its potential is not fully recognized. Non‐quantitative low b‐value DWI may especially be useful for the evaluation of structures that have an inherently low signal at high b‐value DWI, including (but not limited to) the liver, heart, and small bowel. This article will review and discuss the basic principles and potential applications of nonquantitative low b‐value DWI in the body. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;35:1266–1273. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Glycogen synthase kinase‐3β/β‐catenin signaling in the rat hypothalamus during the estrous cycle
Authors: Barrera‐Ocampo Alvaro , Gutierrez‐Vargas Johanna , Garcia‐Segura Luis Miguel , Cardona‐Gómez Gloria Patricia 
Published: February 2012

AbstractDuring the estrous cycle, a remodeling of synapses on somas and dendritic spines occurs in the rat hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. The synaptic remodeling is known to be induced by estradiol, but the molecular mechanisms involved still have not been fully clarified. β‐Catenin is known to regulate synaptic plasticity, so we have assessed possible modifications of β‐catenin in the rat mediobasal hypothalamus during the estrous cycle. Our findings indicate that β‐catenin expression is increased during proestrus and estrus in comparison with diestrus day. This increase was accompanied by an enhanced phosphorylation of Akt in Ser473 and of glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (GSK3β) in Ser9. Also, the association of β‐catenin with the synaptic protein PSD95 was increased during these same stages of the estrous cycle, whereas the levels of synapsin I were significantly decreased in proestrus. These findings suggest that Akt/GSK3β/β‐catenin signaling is involved in the synaptic modifications that occur in the basal hypothalamus during the estrous cycle. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cognitive and affective identification: Exploring the links between different forms of social identification and personality with work attitudes and behavior
Authors: Johnson Michael D. , Morgeson FredericK P. , Hekman David R. 
Published: February 2012

SummaryIndividuals often identify with groups in order to either reduce perceived uncertainty or to feel better about who they are as individuals. This suggests that cognitive and affective identification are two distinctive forms of social identification in organizational settings. Because neurotic individuals are highly motivated to reduce perceived uncertainty, they will tend to identify cognitively with groups. Extraverted individuals, on the other hand, are highly motivated to enhance how they feel about themselves and thus identify affectively with groups. Across three studies, we develop measures of cognitive and affective identification and then show that neuroticism is positively related to cognitive identification, whereas extraversion is positively related to affective identification. We also find that affective identification provides incremental predictive validity over and above cognitive identification in the prediction of organizational commitment, organizational involvement, and organizational citizenship behaviors. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of legume incorporation on solubilization of Ogun phosphate rock on slightly acidic soils in SW Nigeria
Authors: Olajumoke Adesanwo Olusola , Adetunji Michael Tunde , Diatta Sitapha 
Published: February 2012

AbstractMost soils in Nigeria are known to be slightly acidic and very low in plant‐available P. These soils need to be fertilized for optimal crop production but cost and scarcity of mineral P fertilizers shifted attention to making direct application of indigenous phosphate rock viable alternative. Laboratory and greenhouse studies were carried out to monitor the effect of the decomposition of legume biomass on the solubilization of Ogun phosphate rock (OPR) on slightly acidic soils. Surface soil samples collected from three experimental sites in SW Nigeria were used. The fertilizer treatments were four rates of P as OPR (0, 30, 60, and 90 kg ha–1) and one rate of triple superphosphate (TSP, 40 kg P ha–1). The legume treatments were cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L Walp) and mucuna (Mucuna puriens L). Rice (Oryza sativa) was used in the greenhouse study as the test crop. Soil samples were analyzed for soluble P and pH after 2, 4, 6, and 10 months of incubation in the laboratory while plant tissues collected from greenhouse study were analyzed for P. In the incubation study, significant increase in water‐soluble P was observed when legume biomass was incorporated with phosphate rock at p < 0.05. Highest value in rice dry‐matter yield was recorded with pots treated with mucuna and TSP, also treatment combination of cowpea and OPR significantly increased rice dry‐matter yield by 16% over pots treated with cowpea biomass alone and 42% over control pot (no legume biomass and OPR in the green house (p < 0.05). Thus incorporation of legume biomass significantly increased rate of OPR solubilization.
Pathological prognostic score: A rational criteria to stratify survival in colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Nozoe Tadahiro , Mori Emiko , Iguchi Tomohiro , Kohno Mayuko , Maeda Takashi , Ezaki Takahiro , Sueishi Katuso 
Published: February 2012

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study is to certify a rationality of Pathological Prognostic Score (PPS) in determining the prognosis of patients with colorectal carcinoma.MethodsThree hundred and thirty‐one patients with colorectal carcinoma, which had been treated by surgical resection, were enrolled. One point was added for each element among four tumor‐related pathological factors of depth of tumor, lymph node metastasis, venous invasion, and lymphatic invasion. PPS was determined by an aggregate of the points.ResultsThere existed a significant difference both between survivals of patients with PPS 0 or 1 and 2 or 3 (P = 0.0005) and between survivals of patients with PPS 2 or 3 and 4 (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsPPS could be an easy and useful criteria to stratify prognosis of patients with colorectal carcinoma. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:243–247. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Iterative procedures combining cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal recurrence: Postoperative and long‐term results
Authors: Golse Nicolas , Bakrin Naoual , Passot Guillaume , Mohamed Faheez , Vaudoyer Delphine , Gilly François‐Nöel , Glehen Olivier , Cotte Eddy 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectiveCytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is the best treatment of several peritoneal surface malignancies. Isolated peritoneal recurrence may be treated by iterative procedures. The aim of this study was to evaluate immediate postoperative and long‐term results after iterative CRS‐HIPEC.MethodsFrom 1990 to 2010, 30 patients with isolated peritoneal recurrence underwent iterative procedures combining CRS‐HIPEC.ResultsOrigins of peritoneal carcinomatosis were ovarian, colorectal, pseudomyxoma peritonei, peritoneal mesothelioma, gastric cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, leiomyosarcoma, and primary peritoneal serous carcinoma. Median recurrence‐free survival (RFS) was 16.2 months from the first procedure. After the second procedure, one (3.3%) postoperative death occurred. Severe morbidity following the second procedure was 40% versus 30% after the first procedure (P = 0.37). At most recent follow up, 11 patients were disease‐free, 10 were alive with recurrence, and 9 were dead with recurrence. Five‐year overall survival after initial CRS with HIPEC was 65%, and overall median survival from diagnosis was 140 months.ConclusionIterative procedures combining CRS‐HIPEC are feasible and allow long‐term survival but may result in significant morbidity and mortality. Patients must be carefully selected, based on the following criteria: Origin of carcinomatosis, magnitude of first procedure, length of RFS, physiological age, co‐morbidity, and possibility of complete cytoreduction. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:197–203. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Long‐term results of adjuvant gemcitabine plus S‐1 chemotherapy after surgical resection for pancreatic carcinoma
Authors: Murakami Yoshiaki , Uemura Kenichiro , Sudo Takeshi , Hashimoto Yasushi , Nakashima Akira , Kondo Naru , Nakagawa Naoya , Sueda Taijiro 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis study evaluated long‐term outcomes for patients who received adjuvant gemcitabine plus S‐1 chemotherapy after resection for pancreatic carcinoma.MethodsSeventy patients who underwent surgical resection of pancreatic carcinoma were enrolled prospectively into this study. All patients received adjuvant chemotherapy with 10 cycles of gemcitabine plus S‐1 every 2 weeks. Each cycle consisted of intravenous gemcitabine 700 mg/m2 on day 1 and oral S‐1 50 mg/m2 for seven consecutive days, followed by a 1‐week pause of chemotherapy. Long‐term survival results of adjuvant gemcitabine plus S‐1 chemotherapy were analyzed for this cohort.ResultsMedian follow‐up time was 51.2 months. Sixty percent of patients had node‐positive disease and 79% of patients underwent R0 resection. Fifty‐six patients (80%) completed adjuvant chemotherapy. Median overall and disease‐free survival times were 35.4 and 23.8 months, respectively. Actuarial overall and disease‐free survival rates were 89% and 64% at 1 year, 64% and 50% at 2 years, and 33% and 33% at 5 years, respectively. Only negative lymph node metastasis (P = 0.010) independently correlated with long‐term survival by multivariate analysis.ConclusionsLong‐term results of adjuvant gemcitabine plus S‐1 chemotherapy suggest this regimen may be safe and promising as treatment for this patient population. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:174–180. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Measures of giant panda habitat selection across multiple spatial scales for species conservation
Authors: Qi Dunwu , Zhang Shanning , Zhang Zejun , Hu Yibo , Yang Xuyu , Wang Hongjia , Wei Fuwen 
Published: February 2012

AbstractExamining ecological processes across spatial scales is crucial as animals select and use resources at different scales. We carried out field surveys in September 2005, March–September 2006, and April 2007, and used ecological niche factor analysis to determine habitat preferences for the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) across 4 spatial scales: daily movement, core range, home range, and seasonal elevational migration. We found that giant pandas prefer conifer forest and mixed forest at higher than average elevation (2,157 m) of study area in the 4 scale models. However, we also observed significant scale differences in habitat selection. The strength of habitat preference increased with scale for the 2 disturbed forests (sparse forest and fragmented forest), and decreased with scale for 0–30° gentle slope and south‐ and north‐facing aspect. Furthermore, habitat suitability patterns were scale‐dependent. These findings highlight the need to determine species–environment associations across multiple scales for habitat management and species conservation. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
Elementary relaxation processes investigated by femtosecond photoelectron spectroscopy of two‐dimensional materials
Authors: Bovensiepen U. , Kirchmann P.S. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractElementary scattering processes in solid matter occur on ultrafast timescales and photoelectron spectroscopy in the time domain represents an excellent tool for their analysis. Conventional photoemission accesses binding energies of electronic states and their momentum dispersion. The use of femtosecond laser pulses in pump‐probe experiments allows obtaining direct insights to the energy and momentum dependence of ultrafast dynamics. This article introduces the elementary interaction processes and emphasizes recent work performed in this rapidly developing field. Decay processes in the low excitation limit are addressed, where electrons decay according to their interaction with carriers in equilibrium. Here, hot electron relaxation in epitaxial metallic film is reviewed. In the limit of an intense optical excitation, scattering of the excited electrons among each other establishes a non‐equilibrium state. Results on charge‐density wave materials and the effect of coherent nuclear motion on the electronic structure, which can break low symmetry ground states, are discussed. Figure reprinted with permission from [71].
Crosslinked Poly(ionic liquid) Nanoparticles: Inner Structure, Size, and Morphology
Authors: Koebe Michael , Drechsler Markus , Weber Jens , Yuan Jiayin 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIn this contribution, we present the highly ordered inner structure of crosslinked poly(ionic liquid) nanoparticles. Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy revealed that they resembled centric multilamellar vesicles of different geometries, depending on the exact length of the quaternizing alkyl chains. The nanoparticle size was found to be sensitive to the polymerization conditions, such as the concentrations of monomers and crosslinking agents, the anion type and the externally added salt, but fairly inert to the polymerization temperature and the amount of initiator. The size expansion of the nanoparticles in different polymerization runs was found to be either isotropic or anisotropic via their linear attachment under certain polymerization conditions.