bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empirical examination of the individual‐level personality‐based theory of self‐management failure
Authors: Renn Robert W. , Allen David G. , Huning Tobias M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe individual‐level personality‐based theory of self‐management failure posits that personality predisposes individuals to self‐defeating behavior that, in turn, leads to self‐management failure (Renn, Allen, Fedor, & Davis, 2005). To provide a partial test of the theory, a model is hypothesized that operationalized personality with neuroticism and conscientiousness of the Big Five personality dimensions; self‐defeating behavior with inability to delay gratification, procrastination, and emotional self‐absorption; and self‐management with personal goal setting, monitoring, and operating. The model was tested using data collected from 286 working employees and structural equations analysis. Results supported nine of 11 theory‐derived hypotheses. As hypothesized, high neuroticism was associated with improper personal goal setting, monitoring, and operating; and emotional self‐absorption and procrastination accounted for the relationship between high neuroticism and ineffective self‐management. In addition, low conscientiousness was associated with inferior self‐management practices, and inability to delay gratification and procrastination partially explained the relationship between low conscientiousness and poor self‐management. The findings provide new insight into how high neuroticism and low conscientiousness may contribute to self‐management failure. Theoretical and practical implications of the study are discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Agritourism in the Arkansas delta byways: assessing the economic impacts
Authors: Das Biswa R. , Rainey Daniel V. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractLarge parts of rural USA are seeing gradual decline in economic fortunes. The small and medium scale farms are especially dwindling in numbers and their incomes are stagnating. Towards revitalizing the rural agrarian economies, agritourism is being seen as a catalyst to supplement income and trigger economic growth in some parts of the USA. This study focuses on a 15‐county region in the Arkansas Delta Byways (ADB) predominantly dependent on agriculture. The study uses agritourism visitor and expenditure data to estimate the baseline economic impacts in 2007 and predict potential impacts in 2012 on the region's economy. The study is conducted in two stages; the first stage involves statistical predictions of future agritourism visitors using time series extrapolation models. In the second stage, an input–output (I–O) framework is used to estimate the economic impacts relating to sales, employment, income and tax revenue to federal, state and local governments. Three alternate scenarios, where the agritourism visitors as a percentage of total visitors increases from the baseline level to hypothetical higher levels as a result of the state's agritourism promotion and initiatives are examined, and the net economic gain from additional visitors are estimated. Findings suggest that farms will benefit from increases in income but do not see any significant increase in jobs mainly due to the family nature of the enterprises. Economic benefits from on‐farm hunting far outstrip other agritourism activities and their impacts reverberate across many other sectors of the local economy. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coding microsatellite instability analysis in microsatellite unstable small intestinal adenocarcinomas identifies MARCKS as a common target of inactivation
Authors: Michel Sara , Kloor Matthias , Singh Sandhya , Gdynia Georg , Roth Wilfried , von Knebel Doeberitz Magnus , Schirmacher Peter , Bläker Hendrik 
Published: October 2009

AbstractApproximately 15% of small intestinal adenocarcinomas show inactivation of DNA‐mismatch repair (MMR) and display high‐level microsatellite instability (MSI‐H). MSI‐H tumors progress as a result of mutations affecting coding microsatellites (coding microsatellite instability, cMSI) that may result in a functional inactivation of the encoded proteins and provide a selective growth advantage for the affected cell. To investigate the cMSI selection in small intestinal carcinogenesis 56 adenocarcinomas were tested for MSI. Eleven MSI‐H carcinomas (19.6%) were identified and subjected to cMSI analysis in 24 potentially tumor relevant genes. Mutation frequencies were similar to those observed in colorectal cancer (CRC). Beside high frequencies of cMSI in TGFβR2, ACVR2, and AIM2 we detected MARCKS mutations in 10 out of 11 (91%) tumors with a 30% share of biallelic mutations. Since little is known about MARCKS expression in the intestine, we analyzed MARCKS protein expression in 31 carcinomas. In non‐neoplastic mucosa, MARCKS was found to be expressed with a concentration gradient along the crypt–villus axis. In line with cMSI induced functional inactivation of MARCKS, 8 out of 11 MSI‐H adenocarcinomas showed regional or complete loss of the protein. In microsatellite stable (MSS) small bowel adenocarcinoma, loss of MARCKS expression was seen in 2 out of 20 tumors (10%). In conclusion, we herein present a cMSI profile of MSI‐H small intestinal adenocarcinomas identifying MARCKS as a frequent target of mutation. Loss of MARCKS protein expression suggests a significant role of MARCKS inactivation in the pathogenesis of small intestinal adenocarcinomas. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Voiding dysfunctions in children with mental retardation
Authors: Pei‐Yu Yang , Nai‐Hsin Meng , Eric Chieh‐lung Chou 
Published: October 2009

AbstractAimsThis study aims to evaluate the voiding disorder and lower urinary tract symptoms in mentally retarded children.MethodsFifty‐one mentally retarded children (age 7.7 years) was assessed. A volunteer sample comprised of 36 typically developing children (age 6.4 years) served as the comparative group. All participants underwent uroflometric investigation, and residual urine was detected by sonography. Urological history including history of urinary tract infection, incontinence, frequency, and dysurea was collected. In addition, the mentally retarded group was classified according to IQ: severe mentally retarded group (IQ below 40) (n = 11), moderate mentally retarded group (IQ: 41 to 55) (n = 19), mild mentally retarded group (IQ: 56 to 70) (n = 21). Group comparisons were analyzed using Chi‐square and Student's t‐test.ResultsOf the 51 mentally retarded children, 18(35.2%) were found to have voiding dysfunction, which is significantly higher than the control group (8.3%). The incidence of urine incontinence and frequency is also significantly higher in the mentally retarded group. The comparison of the three mentally retarded subgroups showed that the severe mentally retarded group had the highest incidence of voiding dysfunction and urinary incontinence. Overall, the mentally retarded group had higher percentage of small bladder capacity.ConclusionsWe concluded that mentally retarded children have a higher incidence of voiding dysfunction and incontinence than the control group. Early detection of voiding dysfunction in an objective, non‐invasive manner is important in mentally retarded children, particularly those with severe cognitive impairment. Neurourol. Urodynam. 29:1272–1275, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Oncogenic NRF2 mutations in squamous cell carcinomas of oesophagus and skin
Authors: Kim Yoo Ri , Oh Ji Eun , Kim Min Sung , Kang Mi Ran , Park Sang Wook , Han Ji Youn , Eom Hyeon Seok , Yoo Nam Jin , Lee Sug Hyung 
Published: October 2009

AbstractNuclear factor erythroid‐related factor 2 (NRF2) encodes a transcription factor that induces expression of cytoprotective proteins upon oxidative stress and oncogenic NRF2 mutations have been found in lung and head/neck cancers that inactivate KEAP1‐mediated degradation of NRF2. The aim of this study was to catalogue NRF2 mutations in other human cancers. For this, we analysed 1145 cancer tissues from carcinomas from oesophagus, skin, uterine cervix, lung, larynx, breast, colon, stomach, liver, prostate, urinary bladder, ovary, uterine cervix, and kidney, and meningiomas, multiple myelomas, and acute leukaemias by single‐strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) assay. We detected NRF2 mutations in oesophagus (8/70; 11.4%), skin (1/17; 6.3%), lung (10/125; 8.0%), and larynx (3/23; 13.0%) cancers. Of note, all of the 22 mutations except one were found in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) (95.5%). The mutations were observed within or near DLG and ETGE motifs that are important in NRF2 and KEAP1 interaction. All of the oesophageal SCCs and skin SCCs with the NRF2 mutations showed increased NRF2 expression in the nuclei. However, none of the SCCs from oesophagus and skin harboured KEAP1 mutation. Our study demonstrated here that NRF2 mutation occurs not only in lung and head/neck cancers, but also in oesophageal and skin cancers. Our data suggest that the NRF2 mutation plays a role in the development of SCC and is a feature of SCC. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hemoglobin Hakkari: An autosomal dominant form of beta thalassemia with inclusion bodies arising from de novo mutation in exon 2 of beta globin gene
Authors: Kanathezhath B. , Hazard F.K. , Guo H. , Kidd J. , Azimi M. , Kuypers F.A. , Vichinsky E.P. , Lal A. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractCertain β globin gene mutations produce a thalassemia major phenotype in the heterozygous state. While most such patients have thalassemia intermedia, we describe a young Guatemalan child with a de novo mutation in the β globin gene, codon 31 T → G (Hemoglobin Hakkari), who developed severe anemia at the age of 10 months and remains transfusion‐dependent. The substitution of B13 leucine with arginine in the β globin results in alteration of a critical heme contact point resulting in an extremely unstable variant hemoglobin and a clinical picture that is characterized by ineffective erythropoiesis and numerous intracytoplasmic inclusions within the erythrocyte precursors of the bone marrow. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:332–335. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterization of contamination effects for two polypropylene‐based materials
Authors: Pessey Daniel , Bahlouli Nadia , Raveyre Claude , Guillet Jacques , Ahzi Said , Hiver Jean‐Marie , Dahoun Abdesselam 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn this work, contamination effects are studied on two polypropylene‐based materials. These effects were identified on the molecular weight and on rheological and mechanical properties. Model contaminants chosen in this study were ethylene glycol and engine oil. They were added during the extrusion process to simulate the degradation due to contaminants. To quantify contamination effects and to correlate them with the microstructure evolution, scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses were also conducted. The analysis of the different obtained results led to a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the contamination process. Contaminants slightly affect the rheological properties, whereas mechanical properties are more influenced. These observations are confirmed by the modification of the fractured surfaces of the materials due to the presence of contaminants observed on SEM micrographs. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Effects of nanoparticle feed location during nanocomposite compounding
Authors: Ashter Ali , Tsai Su‐Jung , Lee Jun S. , Ellenbecker Michael J. , Mead Joey L. , Barry Carol F. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractPolymer nanocomposites can provide improved mechanical, barrier, flame retardancy, and other properties at low filler loading, but these properties depend on the dispersion of the nanoparticles. In this work, the impact of feeding configuration on dispersion, mechanical properties, and airborne particle concentration was examined in a model nanocomposite system. Dynamic mechanical analysis and differential scanning calorimetry were performed to determine glass transition temperature of the nanocomposite. Transmission electron microscopy was used to assess dispersion of the nanoparticles in the polymer matrix whereas mechanical properties were measured using ISO standards. A fast mobility particle analyzer was used to measure airborne particle levels at from the hopper and the feed ports. These levels were correlated to the particle size and material loss. An indirect relationship was established among material loss, measured dispersion levels, and mechanical properties. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Birefringent approach for assessing the influence of the extrusion temperature profile on the overall orientation of as‐spun aliphatic‐aromatic co‐polyester fibers
Authors: Younes Basel , Fotheringham Alex , El‐Dessouky Hassan M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractSince the success of a production process depends on its good planning and having a clear plan from the raw materials until the final product, the focus of this research is in modeling of the extrusion temperature profile of as‐spun aliphatic‐aromatic co‐polyester fibers. The extrusion temperature profile affects the properties, productivity and product cost. In this work, as‐spun aliphatic‐aromatic co‐polyester fibers were spun under a fractional factorial design as a function of the extrusion temperature profile using appropriate statistical methods. The influence of the extrusion temperature profile on the optical birefringence of the as‐spun fibers was characterized. From the obtained results the overall orientation of the spun filaments has been modeled. For measuring the birefringence, an interferometric technique was employed and its microinterferograms were included for illustration. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Determination of the heat transfer coefficient from short‐shots studies and precise simulation of microinjection molding
Authors: Nguyen‐Chung Tham , Jüttner Gábor , Löser Cindy , Pham Tung , Gehde Michael 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe filling process of a micro‐cavity was analyzed by modeling the compressible filling stage by using pressure‐dependent viscosity and adjusted heat transfer coefficients. Experimental filling studies were carried out at the same time on an accurately controlled microinjection molding machine. On the basis of the relationship between the injection pressure and the filling degree, essential factors for the quality of the simulation can be identified. It can be shown that the flow behavior of the melt in a micro‐cavity with a high aspect ratio is extremely dependent on the melt compressibility in the injection cylinder. This phenomenon needs to be considered in the simulation to predict an accurate flow rate. The heat transfer coefficient between the melt and the mold wall that was determined by the reverse engineering varies significantly even during the filling stage. With increasing injection speed and increasing cavity thickness, the heat transfer coefficient decreases. It is believed that the level of the cavity pressure is responsible for the resulting heat transfer between the polymer and the mold. A pressure‐dependent model for the heat transfer coefficient would be able to significantly improve the quality of the process simulation. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Cyclodextrin polyrotaxanes assembled from a molecular construction kit in aqueous solution
Authors: Wenz Gerhard 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe describe a molecular construction kit in which amphiphilic polymers and functionalized cyclodextrins are arranged into sophisticated molecular architectures in aqueous solution without the need to perform chemical reactions. Therefore, these systems are highly biocompatible and show programmable lifetimes. The kinetic stabilities of our polyrotaxane structures are tunable using sterically demanding groups that hinder dissociation. These cyclodextrin‐based polymer systems are applicable in principle for the detection of analytes at the level of single molecules. These systems may also serve well in targeted drug delivery and gene transfection. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 6333–6341, 2009
Supported titanium‐magnesium catalysts for ethylene polymerization: A comparative study of catalysts containing isolated and clustered titanium ions in different oxidation states
Authors: Tregubov Andrey A. , Zakharov Vladimir A. , Mikenas Tatiana B. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractSupported titanium–magnesium catalysts (TMC) comprising isolated and clustered titanium ions in different oxidation states, which are obtained using titanium compounds of different composition (TiCl4, TiCl3•nDBE (DBE – dibutyl ether), [η6–BenzeneTiAl2Cl8]), were synthesized and tested in ethylene polymerization. The state of titanium ions was studied by the ESR method both for the procatalysts and after their interaction with triisobutilaluminum. For identification of ESR‐silent Ti3+ ions and Ti2+ ions, special procedures of additional catalyst treatment with pyridine, water, and chloropentafluorobenzene were used to obtain Ti3+ ions that are observable in ESR spectra. In distinction to numerous earlier works performed with the TiCl4/MgCl2 catalyst comprising after the interaction with AlR3 the Ti3+ surface compounds both as isolated ions and clusters (ESR‐silent), this work considers the [η6–BenzeneTiAl2Cl8]/MgCl2 catalyst (TMC‐3) comprising mainly the isolated Ti2+ ions and a new catalyst TMC‐4 obtained by treating the TMC‐3 with chloropentafluorobenzene. This catalyst comprises only the isolated Ti3+ ions both before and after the interaction with triisobutylaluminum. It was shown that in spite of sharp distinctions between the catalysts under consideration concerning titanium oxidation state and the ratio of isolated Ti3+ ions to clustered ones, all these catalysts produce polyethylenes with similar molecular weights and molecular‐weight distributions. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 6362–6372, 2009
Biocomplementary interaction behavior in DNA‐like and RNA‐like polymers
Authors: Cheng Chih‐Chia , Yen Ying‐Chieh , Ye Yun‐Sheng , Chang Feng‐Chih 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA series of nucleobased polymers and copolymers were synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Biocomplementary DNA‐ and RNA‐like supramolecular complexes are formed in dilute DMSO solution through nucleobase recognition. 1H NMR titration studies of these complexes in CDCl3 indicated that thymine‐adenine (T‐A) and uracil‐adenine (U‐A) complexes form rapidly on the NMR time scale with high association constants (up to 534 and 671 M–1, respectively) and result in significant Tg increase. WAXD and differential scanning calorimetry analyzes in the bulk state indicate the presence of highly physical cross‐linked structures and provide further details into the nature of the self‐assembly of these systems. Furthermore, this study is of discussion on the difference in the hydrogen bond strength between T‐A and U‐A base pairs within polymer systems, indicating that the strength of hydrogen bonds in RNA U‐A pairs is stronger than that in DNA T‐A base pairs. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 6388–6395, 2009
Synthesis and properties of gradient copolymers based on 2‐phenyl‐2‐oxazoline and 2‐nonyl‐2‐oxazoline
Authors: Lambermont‐Thijs Hanneke M. L. , Jochems Mark J. H. C. , Hoogenboom Richard , Schubert Ulrich S. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn this study, the structure–property relationships for a series of statistical 2‐nonyl‐2‐oxazoline (NonOx) and 2‐phenyl‐2‐oxazoline (PhOx) copolymers were investigated for the first time. The copolymerization kinetics were studied and the reactivity ratios were calculated to berNonOx= 7.1 ± 1.4 andrPhOx= 0.02 ± 0.1 revealing the formation of gradient copolymers. The synthesis of a systematical series of NonOx–PhOx copolymers is described, whereby the amount of NonOx was increased in steps of 10 mol %. The thermal and surface properties were investigated for this series of well‐defined copolymers. The thermal properties revealed a linear decrease in glass transition temperature for copolymers containing up to 39 wt % NonOx. Furthermore, the melting temperature of the copolymers containing 0 to 55 wt % PhOx linearly decreased most likely due to disturbance of the NonOx crystalline domains by incorporation of PhOx in the NonOx part of the copolymer. The surface energies of spincoated polymer films revealed a strong decrease in surface energy upon incorporation of NonOx in the copolymers due to strong phase separation between NonOx and PhOx allowing the NonOx chains to orient to the surface. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 6433–6440, 2009
Hyperbranched framework of interrupted π‐conjugated polymers end‐capped with high carrier‐mobility moieties for stable light‐emitting materials with low driving voltage
Authors: Liu Feng , Liu Ju‐Qing , Liu Ran‐Ran , Hou Xiao‐Ya , Xie Ling‐Hai , Wu Hong‐Bin , Tang Chao , Wei Wei , Cao Yong , Huang Wei 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA novel series of soluble hyperbranched interrupted π‐conjugated polymers (HICPs) based on complicated 9,9‐diarylfluorenes (CDAFs) branching core and end‐capped with high carrier‐mobility pyrene moieties were synthesized via the “A2 + A′2 + B3” type Suzuki coupling condensation. The new polymer architecture improves the spectrum stability than the corresponding linear and hyperbranched polymers in PLEDs. Besides, it overcomes the drawback of high driving voltage of common interrupted π‐conjugated polymers. CDAF1 exhibits excellent thermal and morphological stability with a decomposition temperature (Td) higher than 445 °C and a glass transition temperature (Tg) up to 128 °C. No obvious low‐energy green emission band at 520 nm was observed under extreme thermal annealing conditions in air at 200 °C for 12 h. The CDAF1 device shows stable blue emission with the peak at 422 and 447 nm. The Commission International d'Eclairage (CIE) 1931 coordinates is (0.18, 0.16) and the brightness reaches 1051 cd/m2 at 15.7 V. White PLED based on CDAF1/MEH‐PPV blends exhibits a low turn‐on voltage of 4.8 V with voltage‐independent CIE of (0.32, 0.32). Molecular simulations were used to investigate the conformation and interchain interaction. HICPs based on CDAFs tethered with high‐mobility moieties are promising stable blue and host materials. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 6451–6462, 2009
Supramacromolecular chemistry: Self‐assembly of polystyrene‐based multi‐armed pseudorotaxane star polymers from multi‐topic C60 derivatives
Authors: Gibson Harry W. , Ge Zhongxin , Jones Jason W. , Harich Kim , Pederson Adam , Dorn Harry C. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractMultitopic dibenzylammonium derivatives (4) of C60 were prepared by Bingel reactions of C60 with a malonate diester (2) containing two t‐BOC protected dibenzylamine moieties, followed by deprotection and protonation. Self‐assembly of model pseudorotaxanes 5 from the multidibenzylammonium C60 derivatives with dibenzo‐24‐crown‐8 was studied by 1H NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Self‐assembly of linear and star‐shaped pseudorotaxanes 8 with up to 12 arms based on polystyrenes bearing terminal DB24C8 host units (7) and the guest functionalized C60 salts was demonstrated by 1H NMR spectroscopy and solution phase viscometry. These studies provide further evidence of the potential of supramacromolecular chemistry in construction of complex polymeric architectures. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 6472–6495, 2009