bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agonists of fibroblast growth factor receptor induce neurite outgrowth and survival of cerebellar granule neurons
Authors: Li Shizhong , Christensen Claus , Køhler Lene B. , Kiselyov Vladislav V. , Berezin Vladimir , Bock Elisabeth 
Published: July 2009

AbstractFibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signaling is pivotal in the regulation of neurogenesis, neuronal differentiation and survival, and synaptic plasticity both during development and in adulthood. In order to develop low molecular weight agonists of FGFR, seven peptides, termed hexafins, corresponding to the β6‐β7 loop region of the FGF 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 10, and 17, were synthesized. This region shares a homologous amino acid sequence with the FG‐loop region of the second fibronectin Type III module of the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) that binds to the FGFR. Hexafins were shown by surface plasmon resonance to bind to FGFR1‐IIIc‐Ig2‐3 and FGFR2‐IIIb‐Ig2‐3. The heparin analog sucrose octasulfate inhibited hexafin binding to FGFR1‐IIIc‐Ig2‐3 indicating overlapping binding sites. Hexafin‐binding to FGFR1‐IIIc resulted in receptor phosphorylation, but inhibited FGF1‐induced FGFR1 phosphorylation, indicating that hexafins act as partial agonists. Hexafin2, 3, 8, 10, and 17 (but not 1 or 9) induced neurite outgrowth from cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs), an effect that was abolished by two inhibitors of FGFR, SU5402 and inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) and a diacylglycerol lipase inhibitor, RHC‐80267. The neuritogenic effects of selected hexafins could also be inhibited by FGF1 which by itself did not induce neurite outgrowth. Moreover, hexafin1, 3, 9, 10, and 17 (but not 2 or 8) promoted survival of CGNs induced to undergo apoptosis. Thus, selected hexafins induced neuronal differentiation and survival, making them promising pharmacological tools for the study of functional FGFR regulation in development of the nervous system. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 2009
Structure and Magnetic Properties of a New 1D Nickel(II) Hydroxythiophenedicarboxylate
Authors: Demessence Aude , Mesbah Adel , François Michel , Rogez Guillaume , Rabu Pierre 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe new carboxylato‐bridged NiII network {Ni3(μ3‐OH)2[(κ1‐κ1)‐(κ1‐κ1)‐μ4tdc]2(H2O)4}n (H2tdc = 2,5‐thiophenedicarboxylic acid) has been synthesized hydrothermally. The structure has been characterized by synchrotron powder X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, IR and UV/Vis spectroscopy. The title compound consists of [Ni1O6]2[Ni2O6] chains built of two edge‐sharing octahedrons “Ni1O6” linked via μ3‐OH to a vertex of the Ni2 octahedron. The connection between the chains is settled by the tdc2– anions, leading to a 3D framework. The title compound exhibits a metamagnetic transition (TN = 3.0 K, μ0HC = 0.13 T at 1.8 K). This behaviour results from chains of ferromagnetic dimers coupled antiferromagnetically with intermediate Ni2, the competing set of interactions leading to a resultant moment. At low temperature, a 3D antiferromagnetic ordering occurs between the chains. The magnetic Ni–Ni interactions were evaluated by numerical resolution of the corresponding spin Hamiltonian. The structural and magnetic properties were compared with those of compounds exhibiting similar structural features and based on fumarate (fum2–), terephthalate (tp2–) and 1,4‐cyclohexanedicarboxylate (chdc2–).(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Pd‐EnCatTM TPP30 as a Catalyst for the Generation of Highly Functionalized Aryl‐ and Alkenyl‐Substituted Acetylenes via Microwave‐Assisted Sonogashira Type Reactions
Authors: Sedelmeier Jörg , Ley Steven V. , Lange Heiko , Baxendale Ian R. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWe report a rapid microwave‐assisted Sonogashira cross‐coupling of aryl iodides and bromides with terminal alkynes using Pd‐EnCatTM TPP30. Both electron‐rich and electron‐deficient aryl halides reacted smoothly with a broad variety of terminal alkynes in MeCN at 100–120 °C. The coupling products were obtained in good to excellent yields and in high purity. This reaction can be performed under copper‐ and DMF‐free conditions and does not require an inert atmosphere. Furthermore, the encapsulated catalyst can be recovered and recycled by a simple filtration of the reaction mixture. It can be reused in further reactions with only minor decrease in activity. Additionally, we were able to produce a variety of enyne derivatives under modified conditions employing the same Pd‐EnCatTM source. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma recurrence associated with exogenous testosterone therapy
Authors: Riggs Sterling , Orlandi Richard R. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackgroundJuvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibromas (JNAs) are rare benign lesions that express hormonal receptors. This report describes a recurrence of a JNA 20 years after excision associated with exogenous testosterone therapy.MethodsA 36‐year‐old man developed a sphenoid mass 20 years following resection of a JNA, shortly after initiating exogenous testosterone therapy for symptomatic low endogenous testosterone.ResultsThe mass was subsequently excised and was histologically consistent with a JNA. The patient resumed his testosterone therapy postoperatively. Repeated imaging has demonstrated no recurrence after 3 years.ConclusionThis unique case adds further evidence to the role of testosterone in the pathogenesis of JNAs. Exogenous testosterone can cause tumor regrowth at any time, even decades following treatment. The patients with a history of JNA, even those without recurrence for years, should weigh the risk of recurrence before the use of exogenous testosterone. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
Inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 by adenovirus mediated small interfering RNA attenuates hepatic fibrosis in rats #
Authors: Zhong Wei , Shen Wei-Feng , Ning Bei-Fang , Hu Ping-Fang , Lin Yong , Yue Hai-Yan , Yin Chuan , Hou Jun-Liang , Chen Yue-Xiang , Zhang Jun-Ping , Zhang Xin , Xie Wei-Fen 
Published: July 2009

Abstract
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) is a critical part of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction pathway, which is involved in hepatic fibrosis. However, the effect of down-regulation of ERK1 on hepatic fibrosis has not been reported. Here, we induced hepatic fibrosis in rats with dimethylnitrosamine administration or bile duct ligation. An adenovirus carrying small interfering RNA targeting ERK1 (AdshERK1) was constructed to determine its effect on hepatic fibrosis, as evaluated by histological and immunohistochemical examination. Our results demonstrated that AdshERK1 significantly reduced the expression of ERK1 and suppressed proliferation and levels of fibrosis-related genes in hepatic stellate cells in vitro. More importantly, selective inhibition of ERK1 remarkably attenuated the deposition of the extracellular matrix in fibrotic liver in both fibrosis models. In addition, both hepatocytes and biliary epithelial cells were proven to exert the ability to generate the myofibroblasts depending on the insults of the liver, which were remarkably reduced by AdshERK1. Furthermore, up-regulation of ERK1 paralleled the increased expression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), vimentin, snail, platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), and small mothers against decapentaplegic-1 (p-Smad1), and was in reverse correlation with E-cadherin in the fibrotic liver. Nevertheless, inhibition of ERK1 resulted in the increased level of E-cadherin in parallel with suppression of TGF-β1, vimentin, snail, PDGF-BB, BMP4, and p-Smad1. Interestingly, AdshERK1 treatment promoted hepatocellular proliferation. Conclusion: Our study provides the first evidence for AdshERK1 suppression of hepatic fibrosis through the reversal of epithelial-mesenchymal transition of both hepatocytes and biliary epithelial cells without interference of hepatocellular proliferation. This suggests that ERK1 is implicated in hepatic fibrogenesis and selective inhibition of ERK1 by small interfering RNA may present a novel option for hepatic fibrosis treatment. (Hepatology 2009.)
Assessing and predicting the impact of El Niño southern oscillation (ENSO) events on runoff from the Chopim River basin, Brazil
Authors: Chavasse Diana I. , Seoane Rafael S. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe main purpose of the research described in this contribution was to apply a conceptual hydrological model to predict runoff volumes when El Niño southern oscillation (ENSO) events occur. Statistical analysis was used to assess the impact of ENSO events on rainfall and runoff variables across the Chopim River basin. A conceptual model was calibrated and validated to simulate the rainfall–runoff processes within the basin. An extended runoff volume prediction procedure was applied to derive forecasts of runoff volumes for different lead times for the different rainfall data series. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Risk factors for breast cancer among Filipino women in Manila
Authors: Gibson Lorna J. , Héry Clarisse , Mitton Nicolas , Gines‐Bautista Abigail , Parkin D Maxwell , Ngelangel Corazon , Pisani Paola 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAge‐adjusted incidence rates of breast cancer vary greatly worldwide with highest rates found in the typically ‘westernised’ countries of North America and Europe. Much lower rates are observed in Asian and African populations but an exception to this has been reported for the Manila Cancer Registry in the Philippines. The reason for this high rate is unknown but may be associated with the change in lifestyle that has occurred in urban Manila since the 1960s. In 1995, a randomised controlled trial was set up in Manila to evaluate the feasibility of a screening intervention by clinical breast examination as an alternative to mammography. The cohort of 151,168 women was followed‐up to 2001 for cancer incidence and a nested case‐control study carried out. This aimed to evaluate the increase in breast cancer risk associated with known risk factors. Increased risks were seen for a high level of education (OR = 1.9 95%CI 1.1–3.3 for education stopped at ≥13 versus <13 years), nulliparity (OR = 5.0 95% CI 2.5–10.0 for nulliparity versus five or more children), and late age at first birth (OR = 3.3 95% CI 1.3–8.3 for age ≥30 versus <20 years). We found no association with excess body weight, height, use of exogenous hormones or alcohol consumption. From this study, the recognised “classical” risk factors do not fully explain the high breast cancer incidence in Metro Manila, especially when compared to other urban Asian populations. We conclude that it is too simplistic to ascribe the high risk to ‘westernisation’.
Cytokines and signaling pathways regulating matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) expression in corneal epithelial cells
Authors: Gordon Gabriel M. , Ledee Dolena R. , Feuer William J. , Fini M. Elizabeth 
Published: July 2009

AbstractMatrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) is a well‐known regulator and effecter of many cellular processes including wound healing. In the cornea, either too much or too little MMP‐9 can be detrimental to overall wound repair. We investigated the secreted factors as well as the intracellular signaling pathways and the promoter sequences that mediate this regulation. Primary culture rabbit corneal epithelial cells were treated with various cytokines alone or in different combinations and MMP‐9 induction was assessed by gel zymography. Pharmacological inhibitors were used to determine the intracellular signaling pathways induced by the cytokines tested and deletion promoter constructs were created to determine the regions of the MMP‐9 promoter involved in the cytokine regulation, thereby assessing the exact transcription factors binding the MMP‐9 promoter. We found that two cytokine families, transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β) and interleukin 1 (IL‐1), act additively in an isoform non‐specific manner to induce MMP‐9 in this cell type. Our data suggest TGF‐β mediated MMP‐9 induction may be regulated by the NF‐κB, Smad3, and JNK pathways, whereas the IL‐1β mediated induction may be regulated by the NF‐κB and p38 pathways. Inhibition of the p38, NF‐κB, or JNK pathways significantly reduced, but did not abrogate, basal MMP‐9 levels. Inhibition of the ERK pathway did not have an effect on MMP‐9 mediated expression in either the treated or untreated co‐transfected cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 221: 402–411, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prevalence of human papilloma virus and human herpes virus types 1–7 in human nasal polyposis
Authors: Zaravinos Apostolos , Bizakis John , Spandidos Demetrios A. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV), herpes simplex virus‐1/‐2 (HSV‐1/‐2), varicella‐zoster virus (VZV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and human herpes virus‐6/‐7 (HHV‐6/‐7) in 23 human nasal polyps by applying PCR. Two types of control tissues were used: adjacent inferior/middle turbinates from the patients and inferior/middle turbinates from 13 patients undergoing nasal corrective surgery. EBV was the virus most frequently detected (35%), followed by HPV (13%), HSV‐1 (9%), and CMV (4%). The CMV‐positive polyp was simultaneously positive for HSV‐1. HPV was also detected in the adjacent turbinates (4%) and the adjacent middle turbinate (4%) of one of the HPV‐positive patients. EBV, HSV, and CMV were not detected in the adjacent turbinates of the EBV‐, HSV‐ or CMV‐positive patients. All mucosae were negative for the VZV, HHV‐6, and HHV‐7. This is the first study to deal with the involvement of a comparable group of viruses in human nasal polyposis. The findings support the theory that the presence of viral EBV markedly influences the pathogenesis of these benign nasal tumors. The low incidence of HPV detected confirms the hypothesis that HPV is correlated with infectious mucosal lesions to a lesser extent than it is with proliferative lesions, such as inverted papilloma. The low incidence of HSV‐1 and CMV confirms that these two herpes viruses may play a minor role in the development of nasal polyposis. Double infection with HSV‐1 and CMV may also play a minor, though causative, role in nasal polyp development. VZV and HHV‐6/‐7 do not appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of these mucosal lesions. J. Med. Virol. 81:1613–1619, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genetic diversity of human papillomavirus type 16 E6, E7, and L1 genes in Italian women with different grades of cervical lesions
Authors: Cento Valeria , Ciccozzi Massimo , Ronga Luigi , Perno Carlo Federico , Ciotti Marco 
Published: July 2009

AbstractHigh‐risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are risk factors for the development of cervical cancer. HPV 16 is the most common type, being present in about 60% of cervical cancers worldwide. Previous studies have reported upon the association between HPV 16 E6 variants and increased risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cervical cancer. In this study, the presence of HPV 16 polymorphisms in the E6, E7, and L1 genes was investigated in relation to the presence of high‐grade lesions. Sequencing of the E6 gene revealed the presence of nucleotide mutations resulting in 15 amino acid changes. Of these, the G134D and C136R fall within the CXXC zinger finger domain important for p53 binding. In the E7 gene, four nucleotide variations were identified with two leading to the amino acid substitutions L15V and S31R. The L1 gene showed 13 nucleotide changes leading to 11 amino acid substitutions. Among these, the R364C and N367D are located at the base of the HI‐loop of the L1 protein, considered to be the immunodominant epitope of HPV 16. No significant relationship between HPV 16 variants and high‐grade lesions was found. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all the HPV 16 variants identified belonged to the European lineage, except one which was of the Asian‐American lineage. The European‐350G variant was detected most frequently (22 of 34, 64.7%). The study provides some new data on the genetic diversity of HPV 16 which may help to understand the oncogenic potential of the virus and to improve management of patients. J. Med. Virol. 81:1627–1634, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Global proteome analysis of hepatitis B virus expressing human hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2
Authors: Huang Qingling , Wang Lin , Bai Shiyu , Lin Wansong , Chen Wannan , Lin Jianyin , Lin Xu 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn countries where hepatitis B virus (HBV) is endemic, a high incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occur in HBV carriers and the prolonged replication and expression of HBV proteins in the liver is considered an important risk factor for progression to malignancy. However, the mechanism of pathogenesis of HBV‐associated carcinoma remains elusive. In this study, the human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cell line harboring 1.2 × unit‐length of the HBV genome was generated and subjected to a proteomic approach analyzing the global protein expression profiles of HepG2 cells with and without HBV replication and protein expression. By using fluorescence two‐dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D‐DIGE), followed by MALDI‐TOF‐MS and database searching, a total of 50 differentially expressed proteins were identified, including some cell cycle‐related proteins. These cycle‐related proteins may lead to accumulation of HepG2‐HBV cells in the G2/M phase, and an increase in the proportion of HepG2 cells with tripolar or multipolar spindles. This study described the proteomic alterations in HepG2 cells HBV‐harboring, which may provide new insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in HBV replication and pathogenesis. J. Med. Virol. 81:1539–1550, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of near infrared laser excitation wavelengths and its influence on the interrogation of seized drugs‐of‐abuse by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Hargreaves Michael D. , Burnett Andrew D. , Munshi Tasnim , Cunningham John E. , Linfield Edmund H. , Davies A. Giles , Edwards Howell G. M. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe laser excitation wavelength is an important parameter in obtaining Raman spectra from drugs‐of‐abuse. This article compares the effect of near infrared wavelengths, 785 nm, using both benchtop and portable instrumentation and benchtop 1064 nm on the Raman spectra of seized drugs‐of‐abuse, including cocaine hydrochloride, cocaine freebase (crack), methylenedioxymethamphetamine (‘ecstasy’), amphetamine, diamorphine (heroin) and cannabis. The significant benefit of using 1064 nm for the interrogation of this type of sample is highlighted. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Influence of Pendant Hydroxyl Groups on Enzymatic Degradation and Drug Delivery of Amphiphilic Poly[glycidol‐block‐(ε‐caprolactone)] Copolymers
Authors: Mao Jing , Gan Zhihua 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAn amphiphilic diblock copolymer PG‐b‐PCL with well‐controlled structure and pendant hydroxyl groups along hydrophilic block was synthesized by sequential anionic ring‐opening polymerization. The micellization and drug release of PG‐b‐PCL copolymers using pyrene as a fluorescence probe were investigated for determining the influences of copolymer composition and lipase concentration on drug loading capacity and controlled release behavior. The biodegradation of PG‐b‐PCL copolymers was studied with microspheres as research samples. It has been concluded that the polar hydroxyl groups along each repeat unit of hydrophilic PG block in PG‐b‐PCL copolymer have great influences on drug encapsulation, drug release, and enzymatic degradation of micelles and microspheres.magnified image
Copper in diseases and treatments, and copper‐based anticancer strategies
Authors: Tisato Francesco , Marzano Cristina , Porchia Marina , Pellei Maura , Santini Carlo 
Published: July 2009

AbstractCopper is found in all living organisms and is a crucial trace element in redox chemistry, growth and development. It is important for the function of several enzymes and proteins involved in energy metabolism, respiration, and DNA synthesis, notably cytochrome oxidase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate oxidase, and tyrosinase. The major functions of copper—biological molecules involve oxidation–reduction reactions in which they react directly with molecular oxygen to produce free radicals. Therefore, copper requires tightly regulated homeostatic mechanisms to ensure adequate supplies without any toxic effects. Overload or deficiency of copper is associated, respectively, with Wilson disease (WD) and Menkes disease (MD), which are of genetic origin. Researches on Menkes and Wilson disorders have provided useful insights in the field of copper homeostasis and in particular into the understanding of intracellular trafficking and distribution of copper at molecular levels. Therapies based on metal supplementation with copper histidine or removal of copper excess by means of specific copper chelators are currently effective in treating MD and WD, respectively. Copper chelation therapy is now attracting much attention for the investigation and treatment of various neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer, Parkinson and CreutzfeldtJakob. An excess of copper appears to be an essential co‐factor for angiogenesis. Moreover, elevated levels of copper have been found in many types of human cancers, including prostate, breast, colon, lung, and brain. On these basis, the employment of copper chelators has been reported to be of therapeutic value in the treatment of several types of cancers as anti‐angiogenic molecules. More recently, mixtures of copper chelators with copper salts have been found to act as efficient proteasome inhibitors and apoptosis inducers, specifically in cancer cells. Moreover, following the worldwide success of platinum(II) compounds in cancer chemotherapy, several families of individual copper complexes have been studied as potential antitumor agents. These investigations, revealing the occurrence of mechanisms of action quite different from platinum drugs, head toward the development of new anticancer metallodrugs with improved specificity and decreased toxic side effects. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 30, No. 4, 708–749, 2010
Web server suite for complex mixture analysis by covariance NMR
Authors: Zhang Fengli , Robinette Steven L. , Bruschweiler‐Li Lei , Brüschweiler Rafael 
Published: July 2009

AbstractElucidation of the chemical composition of biological samples is a main focus of systems biology and metabolomics. Their comprehensive study requires reliable, efficient, and automatable methods to identify and quantify the underlying metabolites. Because nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a rich source of molecular information, it has a unique potential for this task. Here we present a suite of public web servers (http://spinportal.magnet.fsu.edu), termed COLMAR, which facilitates complex mixture analysis by NMR. The COLMAR web portal presently consists of three servers: COLMAR covariance calculates the covariance NMR spectrum from an NMR input dataset, such as a TOCSY spectrum; COLMAR DemixC method decomposes the 2D covariance TOCSY spectrum into a reduced set of nonredundant 1D cross sections or traces, which belong to individual mixture components; and COLMAR query screens the traces against a NMR spectral database to identify individual compounds. Examples are presented that illustrate the utility of this web server suite for complex mixture analysis. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.