bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Processing Enabled by Sodium Alginate Based Complementary Memristor for Neuromorphic Sensory System
Authors: Shi Jiajuan , Lin Ya , Wang Zhongqiang , Shan Xuanyu , Tao Ye , Zhao Xiaoning , Xu Haiyang , Liu Yichun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAdaptive processing allows sensory systems to autonomically adjust their sensitivity with exposure to a constant sensory stimulus and thus organisms to adapt to environmental variations. Bioinspired electronics with adaptive functions are highly desirable for the development of neuromorphic sensory systems (NSSs). Herein, the functions of desensitization and sensitivity changing with background intensity (i.e., Weber's law), as two fundamental cues of sensory adaptation, are biorealistically demonstrated in an Ag nanowire (NW)‐embedded sodium alginate (SA) based complementary memristor. In particular, Weber's law is experimentally emulated in a single complementary memristor. Furthermore, three types of adaptive NSS unit are constructed to realize a multiple perceptual capability that processes the stimuli of illuminance, temperature, and pressure signals. Taking neuromorphic vision as an example, scotopic and photopic adaptation functions are well reproduced for image enhancement against dark and bright backgrounds. Importantly, an NSS system with multisensory integration function is demonstrated by combining light and pressure spikes, where the accuracy of pattern recognition is obviously enhanced relative to that of an individual sense. This work offers a new strategy for developing neuromorphic electronics with adaptive functions and paves the way toward developing a highly efficient NSS.
Stem Cell‐Derived Nanovesicles Embedded in Dual‐Layered Hydrogel for Programmed ROS Regulation and Comprehensive Tissue Regeneration in Burn Wound Healing
Authors: Zhao Meijiao , Kang Miaomiao , Wang Jingru , Yang Ronghua , Zhong Xiaoping , Xie Qihu , Zhou Sitong , Zhang Zhijun , Zheng Judun , Zhang Yixun , Guo Shuang , Lin Weiqiang , Huang Jialin , Guo Genghong , Fu Yu , Li Bin , Fan Zhijin , Li Xipeng , Wang Dong , Chen Xu , Tang Ben Zhong , Liao Yuhui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBurn wounds often bring high risks of delayed healing process and even death. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in burn wound repair. However, the dynamic process in wound healing requires both the generation of ROS to inhibit bacteria and the subsequent reduction of ROS levels to initiate and promote tissue regeneration, which calls for a more intelligent ROS regulation dressing system. Hence, a dual‐layered hydrogel (Dual‐Gel) tailored to the process of burn wound repair is designed: the inner layer hydrogel (Gel 2) first responds to bacterial hyaluronidase (Hyal) to deliver aggregation‐induced emission photosensitizer functionalized adipose‐derived stem cell nanovesicles, which generate ROS upon light irradiation to eliminate bacteria; then the outer layer hydrogel (Gel 1) continuously starts a long‐lasting consumption of excess ROS at the wound site to accelerate tissue regeneration. Simultaneously, the stem cell nanovesicles trapped in the burns wound also provide nutrients and mobilize neighboring tissues to thoroughly assist in inflammation regulation, cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. In summary, this study develops an intelligent treatment approach on burn wounds by programmatically regulating ROS and facilitating comprehensive wound tissue repair.
Heterointerfaces: Unlocking Superior Capacity and Rapid Mass Transfer Dynamics in Energy Storage Electrodes
Authors: Qin Tingting , Zhao Xiaolong , Sui Yiming , Wang Dong , Chen Weicheng , Zhang Yingguang , Luo Shijing , Pan Wending , Guo Zhenbin , Leung Dennis Y. C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHeterogeneous electrode materials possess abundant heterointerfaces with a localized “space charge effect”, which enhances capacity output and accelerates mass/charge transfer dynamics in energy storage devices (ESDs). These promising features open new possibilities for demanding applications such as electric vehicles, grid energy storage, and portable electronics. However, the fundamental principles and working mechanisms that govern heterointerfaces are not yet fully understood, impeding the rational design of electrode materials. In this study, the heterointerface evolution during charging and discharging process as well as the intricate interaction between heterointerfaces and charge/mass transport phenomena, is systematically discussed. Guidelines along with feasible strategies for engineering structural heterointerfaces to address specific challenges encountered in various application scenarios, are also provided. This review offers innovative solutions for the development of heterogeneous electrode materials, enabling more efficient energy storage beyond conventional electrochemistry. Furthermore, it provides fresh insights into the advancement of clean energy conversion and storage technologies. This review contributes to the knowledge and understanding of heterointerfaces, paving the way for the design and optimization of next‐generation energy storage materials for a sustainable future.
Augmented Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution by d–p Orbital Electron Coupling
Authors: Sun Ning , Zheng Zhichuan , Lai Zhuangzhuang , Wang Junjie , Du Peng , Ying Tianping , Wang Haifeng , Xu Jianchun , Yu Runze , Hu Zhiwei , Pao Chih‐Wen , Huang Wei‐Hsiang , Bi Ke , Lei Ming , Huang Kai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWhile high‐entropy alloys, high‐entropy oxides, and high‐entropy hydroxides, are advanced as a novel frontier in electrocatalytic oxygen evolution, their inherent activity deficiency poses a major challenge. To achieve the unlimited goal to tailor the structure–activity relationship in multicomponent systems, entropy‐driven composition engineering presents substantial potential, by fabricating high‐entropy anion‐regulated transition metal compounds as sophisticated oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalysts. Herein, a versatile 2D high‐entropy metal phosphorus trisulfide is developed as a promising and adjustable platform. Leveraging the multiple electron couplings and d–p orbital hybridizations induced by the cocktail effect, the exceptional oxygen evolution catalytic activity is disclosed upon van der Waals material (MnFeCoNiZn)PS3, exhibiting an impressively low overpotential of 240 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2, a minimal Tafel slope of 32 mV dec−1, and negligible degradation under varying current densities for over 96 h. Density functional theory calculations further offer insights into the correlation between orbital hybridization and catalytic performance within high‐entropy systems, underscoring the contribution of active phosphorus centers on the substrate to performance enhancements. Moreover, by achieving electron redistribution to optimize the electron coordination environment, this work presents an effective strategy for advanced catalysts in energy‐related applications.
SnS2 Thin Film with In Situ and Controllable Sb Doping via Atomic Layer Deposition for Optoelectronic Applications
Authors: Shin Dong‐Ho , Yang Jun , Mukherjee Samik , Bahrami Amin , Lehmann Sebastian , Nasiri Noushin , Krahl Fabian , Pang Chi , Wrzesińska‐Lashkova Angelika , Vaynzof Yana , Wohlrab Steve , Popov Alexey , Nielsch Kornelius 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSnS2 stands out as a highly promising 2D material with significant potential for applications in the field of electronics and photovoltaic technologies. Numerous attempts have been undertaken to modulate the physical properties of SnS2 by doping with various metal ions. Here, a series of Sb‐doped SnS2 is deposited via atomic layer deposition (ALD) super‐cycle process and compared its crystallinity, composition, and optical properties to those of pristine SnS2. It is found that the increase in the concentration of Sb is accompanied by a gradual reduction in the Sn and S binding energies. The work function is increased upon Sb doping from 4.32 eV (SnS2) to 4.75 eV (Sb‐doped SnS2 with 9:1 ratio). When integrated into photodetectors, the Sb‐doped SnS2 showed improved performance, demonstrating increased peak photoresponsivity values from 19.5 to 27.8 A W−1 at 405 nm, accompanied by an improvement in response speed. These results offer valuable insights into next‐generation optoelectronic applications based on SnS2.
Rational Design and Engineering of Terminal Functional Groups in Dibenzothiophene‐Diphenylamine Small Molecular Electron Donors for Enhanced Photovoltaic Efficiency in All‐Small‐Molecule Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Akram Waqas , Walayat Amber , Zahid Waqar Ali , Khan Gul Shahzada , Alanazi Meznah M. , Elmushyakhi Abraham , Iqbal Javed 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAll‐small‐molecule organic solar cells (ASM‐OSCs) offer advantages like well‐defined molecular structures and excellent reproducibility. However, lower photovoltaic efficiencies hinder their adoption due to limitations in designing small molecular electron donors (SMEDs) with optimal energy levels, light absorption, and optoelectronic properties. The present study addresses this gap by rationally designing a series of SMEDs (DBT‐2FA1 to DBT‐2FA6) through terminal acceptors engineering into dibenzothiophene core with diphenylamine side donors for potential applications in ASM‐OSCs. Density functional theory simulations are carried‐out to establish structure‐property relationships based on structural, electrochemical, photophysical, and charge transfer (CT) properties. Results show that the SMEDs exhibit low‐lying HOMOs for suitable energy level alignment with benchmark Y6 acceptor, promoting open‐circuit voltage and charge separation. The panchromatic absorption spectra covering Vis‐NIR region and maximum light harvesting efficiency are beneficial for high current‐density in ASM‐OSCs. Notably, the push‐pull mechanism within SMEDs results in dominant intramolecular CT with above 70% CT excitations. Whereas, a moderate variation in dipole moments and electrostatic potential differences with acceptor material led to 99.9% intermolecular CT, thus ensuring robust exciton dissociation and efficient photocurrent generation. Overall, this work provides a molecular‐level understanding of designing novel SMEDs and their compatibility with acceptor materials for developing future high‐performance ASM‐OSCs.
Addressing Heterogeneity in Direct Analysis of Extracellular Vesicles and Their Analogs by Membrane Sensing Peptides as Pan‐Vesicular Affinity Probes
Authors: Gori Alessandro , Frigerio Roberto , Gagni Paola , Burrello Jacopo , Panella Stefano , Raimondi Andrea , Bergamaschi Greta , Lodigiani Giulia , Romano Miriam , Zendrini Andrea , Radeghieri Annalisa , Barile Lucio , Cretich Marina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs), crucial mediators of cell‐to‐cell communication, hold significant diagnostic potential due to their ability to concentrate protein biomarkers in bodily fluids. However, challenges in isolating EVs from biological specimens hinder their widespread use. The preferred strategy involves direct analysis, integrating isolation and analysis solutions, with immunoaffinity methods currently dominating. Yet, the heterogeneous nature of EVs poses challenges, as proposed markers may not be as universally present as thought, raising concerns about biomarker screening reliability. This issue extends to EV‐mimics, where conventional methods may lack applicability. Addressing these challenges, the study reports on Membrane Sensing Peptides (MSP) as pan‐vesicular affinity ligands for both EVs and their non‐canonical analogs, streamlining capture and phenotyping through Single Molecule Array (SiMoA). MSP ligands enable direct analysis of circulating EVs, eliminating the need for prior isolation. Demonstrating clinical translation, MSP technology detects an EV‐associated epitope signature in serum and plasma, distinguishing myocardial infarction from stable angina. Additionally, MSP allow analysis of tetraspanin‐lacking Red Blood Cell‐derived EVs, overcoming limitations associated with antibody‐based methods. Overall, the work underlines the value of MSP as complementary tools to antibodies, advancing EV analysis for clinical diagnostics and beyond, and marking the first‐ever peptide‐based application in SiMoA technology.
Leveraging unsupervised machine learning to examine women's vulnerability to climate change
Authors: Caruso German , Mueller Valerie , Villacis Alexis 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe provide an application of machine learning to identify the distributional consequences of climate change in Malawi. We compare climate impact estimates based on drought indicators established objectively from the k‐means algorithm to more traditional measures. Young women affected by drought were 5 percentage points more likely to be married by 18 than those living in nondrought areas. Our approach generates robust results when varying the number of clusters and definition of treatment status. In some cases, we find the design using k‐means to define treatment is more likely to satisfy the assumptions underlying the difference‐in‐differences strategy than when using arbitrary thresholds. Projections from the estimates indicate future drought risk may lead to larger declines in labor productivity due to women's engagement in early age marriage than other factors affecting their participation rates. Under the extreme representative concentration pathway scenario, drought exposure encourages the exit of 3.3 million women workers by 2100.
NANS‐CDG: Expanding clinical insights with a novel patient with novel variants
Authors: Yoo Sukdong , Cheon Chong Kun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractN‐acetyl‐d‐neuraminic acid synthase‐congenital disorder of glycosylation (NANS‐CDG) is a rare autosomal recessive defect in the N‐acetyl‐neuraminic acid biosynthesis pathway. Herein, we report the first Korean NANS‐CDG patient. A 10‐year‐old boy was referred to our clinic because of incidental radiographic findings indicating spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia. The patient had microcephaly, cavum septum pellucidum, and ventriculomegaly at birth, and at 10 years, a very short stature. He had a history of idiopathic chronic immune thrombocytopenia, central adrenal insufficiency, and hypothyroidism since infancy. The first unprovoked seizure occurred at the age of 2 years, and he was subsequently admitted to the hospital frequently because of respiratory infections and intractable seizures. Exome sequencing identified unreported biallelic variants of the NANS gene. Clinical and genetic confirmation of NANS‐CDG highlights its expanding phenotypic and genotypic diversity.
Expanded phenotype and cancer risk in patients with Beckwith–Wiedemann spectrum caused by CDKN1C variants
Authors: George Andrew M. , Viswanathan Aravind , Best Lyle G. , Monahan Caitlin , Limmina Maria , Ganguly Arupa , Kalish Jennifer M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBeckwith–Wiedemann spectrum (BWSp) is caused by genetic and epigenetic alterations on chromosome 11 that regulate cell growth and division. Considering the diverse phenotypic landscape in BWSp, the characterization of the CDKN1C molecular subtype remains relatively limited. Here, we investigate the role of CDKN1C in the broader BWSp phenotype. Notably, patients with CDKN1C variants appear to exhibit a different tumor risk than other BWSp molecular subtypes. We performed a comprehensive literature review using the search term “CDKN1C Beckwith” to identify 113 cases of patients with molecularly confirmed CDKN1C‐BWSp. We then assessed the genotype and phenotype in a novel cohort of patients with CDKN1C‐BWSp enrolled in the BWS Research Registry. Cardinal and suggestive features were evaluated for all patients reported, and tumor risk was established based on available reports. The most common phenotypes included macroglossia, omphalocele, and ear creases/pits. Tumor types reported from the literature included neuroblastoma, acute lymphocytic leukemia, superficial spreading melanoma, and intratubular germ cell neoplasia. Overall, this study identifies unique features associated with CDKN1C variants in BWSp, enabling more accurate clinical management. The absence of Wilms tumor and hepatoblastoma suggests that screening for these tumors may not be necessary, while the neuroblastoma risk warrants appropriate screening recommendations.
Siblings with vitamin D‐dependent rickets type 1A: Importance of genetic testing and a review of genotype–phenotype correlations
Authors: Wang Leonard Kuan‐Pei , Shanmugasundaram Manjushree , Cooney Erin , Lee Phillip D. K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVitamin D‐dependent rickets type 1A (VDDR1A) is a rare condition caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in CYP27B1, which encodes 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3‐1‐α‐hydroxylase. Inadequate activity of this enzyme results in deficient 1α‐hydroxylation of inactive 25‐hydroxyvitamin D to biologically active 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D, with consequent adverse effects on calcium and phosphate metabolism. A female child was clinically diagnosed at 18 months old with hypophosphatemic rickets based on phenotype and biochemical testing, with neither parent affected. A subsequent affected male sibling led to the reconsideration of the diagnosis. Exome sequencing showed a homozygous CYP27B1 c.1040T>A (p.Ile347Asn) variant for both children. No variants were found in genes associated with hypophosphatemic rickets. A review of published cases of VDDR1A with homozygous CYP27B1 variants indicates variable clinical presentation, lack of genotype–phenotype correlation, and low serum phosphate at diagnosis in most cases. These findings emphasize the clinical importance of molecular testing as part of the diagnostic evaluation for cases of non‐nutritional rickets.
Ethical futures in biological anthropology: Research, teaching, community engagement, and curation involving deceased individuals
Authors: de la Cova Carlina , Hofman Courtney A. , Marklein Kathryn E. , Sholts Sabrina B. , Watkins Rachel , Magrogan Paige , Zuckerman Molly Kathleen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAlthough ethical reforms in biological anthropology have gained ground in recent years, there is still a scarcity of ethical standards for work involving historical documented collections (HDCs) at US museums and universities. These collections of deceased individuals were created in the late 19th to mid‐20th centuries under anatomy laws that targeted socially marginalized communities and allowed for the dissection of these individuals without their consent. Due to the extensive information associated with the individuals and made available to researchers, these collections have served as foundational resources for theory and methods development in biological anthropology into the 21st century. Recognizing the need for ethical guidelines for research, teaching and training, community engagement, and curation involving HDCs, we held a workshop called “Ethical Futures for Curation, Research, and Teaching in Biological Anthropology” on November 15–17, 2021. Here we summarize the conversations and major points of consensus among the workshop participants on these topics in order to advance these ethical considerations more broadly across the field.
The family emotional system
Authors: Papero Daniel V. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe family emotional system (FES) regulates the functioning of the human family. As described by Bowen, the FES contains several components. Two forces, the togetherness and individuality forces, function in proportional opposition to one another. Anxiety, the emotional response of the organism to real or imagined threat, provides the motivational energy that powers the system. Two equilibria lie at the centre of the family emotional system, emotional equilibrium and functional equilibrium. When the two are in balance, a condition Bowen called emotional harmony prevails. A third equilibrium, the togetherness–individuality equilibrium, regulates the lability of emotional harmony. Disturbances of emotional harmony result in the activation of automatic mechanisms and processes that support the restoration of emotional harmony. Like the mechanisms that support homeostasis in the living organism, they work optimally when rapidly engaged and quickly disengaged when balance is restored. Prolonged disturbance of emotional harmony results in a resetting of the togetherness–individuality equilibrium in favour of increased togetherness, establishing a new, more sensitive set point around which the FES now stabilises. To maintain the new more labile condition, one or more of the mechanisms becomes chronically engaged, indicating an emotional adaptation of the system and a potential for the development of a symptom as a consequence of the adaptation. Finally, the work on differentiation of self (One of eight concepts that comprise the formal Bowen theory, the scale of differentiation of self places human functioning on a single continuum based upon ‘… the degree to which people are able to distinguish between the feeling process and the intellectual process (Bowen, 1978, p. 355)’. The degree of differentiation, according to Bowen, affects how people manage themselves in personal relationships and in their efforts to adapt to the challenges of life (Bowen, 1978). The work on differentiation, an aspect of family psychotherapy, describes the effort people make to become better observers of themselves in relationships and in the processes of problem‐solving related to challenge. It involves the effort the person makes to manage emotional reactiveness, an instinctive, reflexive response to stimuli encountered, to guide behavior thoughtfully, and to enhance emotional autonomy within the network or system of family relationships.) can lead to a progressive reset of the balance from less to more stable, representing an enhancement of adaptive competency.
A ratiometric and selective fluorescent nanosensor for determining Hg2+ ions based on a novel functionalized metal–organic framework
Authors: Khalil Muhammad A. , El‐marghany Adel , Kubra Khadiza Tul , Shahat Ahmed 
Published: June 2024

A new method using fluorescence was developed to detect Hg2+ ions in water. This method relied on the reaction between NH2‐MIL‐53(Al) and 5‐bromo‐2‐hydroxyacetophenone. The method was carefully fine‐tuned for optimal reaction conditions and analytical parameters like pH levels, nanosensor quantity, and detection limits. It showed great linearity in detecting Hg2+ ions in the range of 0.0–3.0 ppm (0.0–1.50 × 10−5 M), with a very low detection limit of 1.65 × 10−2 ppm (8.23 × 10−8 M). We tested how well the method can distinguish between different substances by investigating whether other common substances in water samples would interfere. The results were positive, as the presence of these substances did not significantly affect the accuracy of detecting Hg2+ ions, confirming the method's reliability. In order to confirm its dependability, we conducted a quantitative test to detect Hg2+ ions in water samples. The recovery rates obtained ranged from 97.16% to 103.2%, demonstrating the method's precision and accuracy. A comparison with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP‐OES), a well‐known method for analyzing trace metals, produced similar results, further instilling confidence in the 5Br2HA = N‐Al‐MOF nanosensor that was developed. In general, this research emphasizes the exciting potential of the new nanosensor in detecting Hg2+ ions in various water and cosmetic samples. It provides a strong and dependable alternative to traditional detection methods.