bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HIF prolyl hydroxylase inhibition increases cell viability and potentiates dopamine release in dopaminergic cells
Authors: Johansen Jens Leander , Sager Thomas Nikolaj , Lotharius Julie , Witten Louise , Mørk Arne , Egebjerg Jan , Thirstrup Kenneth 
Published: July 2010

J. Neurochem. (2010) 115, 209–219.AbstractHypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF) controls the expression of genes that adapts the cellular condition to accommodate oxidative stress. The potential beneficial effect of HIF up‐regulation in ischemia has recently gained interest substantiated by the known HIF‐regulation of erythropoietin and other hypoxia accommodating genes. So far the perspectives for HIF up‐regulation has been focused on anemia and ischemia related diseases but little information is available about the relevance of HIF biology for neurodegenerative disease like Parkinson’s disease. We therefore sought out to characterize the effect of HIF‐up‐regulation on survival and dopamine homeostasis in dopaminergic cells. We used a low molecular weight HIF prolyl hydroxylase (HPH) inhibitor and lentiviral based shRNA knockdown of HPH subtypes as molecular tools to increase HIF protein level and downstream HIF‐regulated genes. We show that HIF induction results in protection against oxidative stress in cellular models based on PC12 cells and LUHMES cells. In addition, HPH inhibition elevates tyrosine hydroxylase expression and activity, which causes increased dopamine synthesis and release in both PC12 cells and a primary rat ventral mesencephalic cell culture. All together these findings suggest that prolyl hydroxylases may represent novel targets for therapeutic intervention in disorders characterized by dopamine homeostasis dysregulation like Parkinson’s disease.
Acetyl‐CoA and acetylcholine metabolism in nerve terminal compartment of thiamine deficient rat brain
Authors: Jankowska‐Kulawy Agnieszka , Bielarczyk Hanna , Pawełczyk Tadeusz , Wróblewska Małgorzata , Szutowicz Andrzej 
Published: July 2010

J. Neurochem. (2010) 115, 333–342.AbstractThe decrease of pyruvate and ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex activities is the main cause of energy and acetyl‐CoA deficits in thiamine deficiency‐evoked cholinergic encephalopathies. However, disturbances in pathways of acetyl‐CoA metabolism leading to appearance of cholinergic deficits remain unknown. Therefore, the aim of this work was to investigate alterations in concentration and distribution of acetyl‐CoA and in acetylcholine metabolism in brain nerve terminals, caused by thiamine deficits. They were induced by the pyrithiamine, a potent inhibitor of thiamine pyrophosphokinase. The thiamine deficit reduced metabolic fluxes through pyruvate and ketoglutarate dehydrogenase steps, yielding deficits of acetyl‐CoA in mitochondrial and cytoplasmic compartments of K‐depolarized nerve terminals. It also inhibited indirect transport of acetyl‐CoA though ATP‐citrate lyase pathway being without effect on its direct Ca‐dependent transport to synaptoplasm. Resulting suppression of synaptoplasmic acetyl‐CoA correlated with inhibition of quantal acetylcholine release (r = 0.91, p = 0.012). On the other hand, thiamine deficiency activated non‐quantal acetylcholine release that was independent of shifts in intraterminal distribution of acetyl‐CoA. Choline acetyltransferase activity was not changed by these conditions. These data indicate that divergent alterations in the release of non‐quantal and quantal acetylcholine pools from thiamine deficient nerve terminals could be caused by the inhibition of acetyl‐CoA and citrate synthesis in their mitochondria. They in turn, caused inhibition of acetyl‐CoA transport to the synaptoplasmic compartment through ATP‐citrate lyase pathway yielding deficits of cholinergic functions.
A TEST FOR SYSTEMATIC ERROR IN AERIAL TRIANGULATION
Authors: Thompson E. H. 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTThis paper deals with the problem of systematic error in aerial triangulation. It is shown that random errors produce errors of displacement that may often appear, at first sight, highly systematic; and that therefore some statistical test is necessary to confirm the reality of a suspected systematic error. A test that can be applied in practice is fully developed and an example given. The paper concludes with an attempt to justify the test and hence the assumptions made in the development.
PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND LAND TENURE SURVEYS WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO UGANDA
Authors: Smith W. P. , Whittaker B. B. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe paper describes a problem in land tenure survey current in the Kigezi District of Uganda, East Africa. The two authors, one from a commercial air survey organisation, the other from the government department concerned, comment on methods adopted and difficulties experienced both in field survey and adjudication, and in aerial photography and photogrammetric plotting.
A RATIONAL ALGEBRAIC FORMULATION OF THE PROBLEM OF RELATIVE ORIENTATION
Authors: Thompson E. H. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe problem of relative orientation involves the determination of the elements of at least one orthogonal matrix. Hitherto a difficulty has arisen in that, in this context, orthogonal matrices have not been expressed in terms of three independent parameters without the use of circular functions. In this paper a more tractable form of the orthogonal matrix is used to set up a rational algebraic equation expressing the relative orientation condition. This equation turns out to be of the third order in the five unknowns. A set of such equations may be solved by a rapidly converging process of iteration.
ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES IN PHOTOGRAMMETRY
Authors: Weightman J. A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe salient features of a method of analytical triangulation operating directly on single photographs are described, and the close analogy with geodetic triangulation computation is demonstrated.Any combination of photographs, whether in stereo pairs, stereo triples, strips, sub‐blocks or blocks, is handled by forming the set of observation equations for each individual photograph in turn, and then taking all these sets together and solving them simultaneously by the method of least squares.Special procedures for dealing with very large numbers of variables are discussed, and certain applications of the method are indicated.
A PRACTICAL DRILL FOR THE AIRBORNE PROFILE RECORDER
Authors: Eden J. A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe paper attempts to set out detailed working procedures for the use of Airborne Profile Records, based on a number of experiments carried out by the author during the last four years and a study of experiments carried out by others.The general working principles of A.P.R. are first described. Detailed requirements are then given with regard to the material and records which it is necessary to obtain from the contractor who will operate the A.P.R. This is followed by a description of the preliminary analysis of this material which is necessary before work can start.Sections 8 and 9 then give two methods for computing height control from this material, which are called respectively the “Simplified” and “Indirect” methods. The latter is likely to have the wider application as the Simplified method is applicable only in very open, fairly flat country and relies on a slotted template assembly laid to plan control to conserve the scale necessary to determine the heights.The Indirect method is applicable in all types of country and the necessary scale control is obtained from the A.P.R. record itself so that when this method is used work may be commenced immediately and is quite independent of slotted template assemblies.Descriptions in the paper which refer to the use of Multiplex can obviously be modified to meet circumstances when employing first‐order plotting machines, the use of which should somewhat increase obtainable accuracies.Methods of using A.P.R. which involve flying an aircraft more than once over an area to be surveyed are not described in this paper.
THE ADJUSTMENT OF AERIAL TRIANGULATION BY ELECTRONIC DIGITAL COMPUTERS
Authors: Proctor D. W. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAnalytical aerial triangulation is widely computed on electronic digital computers up to the block adjustment stage. Various possibilities for an analytical block adjustment are under consideration and one such method has been programmed at the Ordnance Survey of Great Britain. This paper briefly describes this adjustment and the trials so far conducted upon it. The trials suggest considerable economy without loss of accuracy when compared with the Jerie Analogue Computer at present in use.
THE RECORDING OF SOME PREHISTORIC CARVINGS AT STONEHENGE
Authors: Atkinson K. B. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractNon‐topographic photogrammetry is often of interest because of unusual fields of application. A recently designed Galileo‐Santoni stereometric camera has been used to photograph carvings made approximately 3500 years ago. A contour plot has provided the archaeologist with a permanent and quantitative record.
STEREOSCOPIC VIEWING OF IMAGE PAIRS WITH THE NAKED EYES
Authors: Adams L. P. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIt is suggested that many photogrammetrists are unaware of their latent ability to achieve stereoscopy without artificial viewing aids.RésuméOn suggère que bien des photogrammètres connaissent mal toutes leurs possibilityés de vision stéréoscopique à l'oeil nu.ZusammenfassungEs wird dargelegt, dass viele Photogrammeter sich ihrer Fähigkeit, stereoskopisch auch ohne Hilfsmittel zu sehen, nicht bewusst sind.
HISTORY OF THE PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SOCIETY
Authors: Lamboit P. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe Photogrammetric Society was formed in 1952. The Council of the Society considered that the twentieth anniversary was a good point at which to record the events which led to its formation and the significant occasions and decisions which have taken place since 1952. Consequently, Paul Lamboit was invited to compile this History. He has placed the birth and development of the Society within the national and international photogrammetric context and his record of the deliberations which took place between 1947 and 1952 will be of particular interest to historians of our subject.This account was first published in a limited edition in 1971. Sufficient interest has since been expressed to prompt a wider circulation through publication in the Photogrammetric Record.The author served the Society continuously in several official capacities from 1953 to 1969 and he was elected to Honorary Membership in 1969.
UNDERWATER PHOTOGRAMMETRY
Authors: Moore E. J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMicrorelief mapping of the sea bed can only be carried out by photo‐optical methods. It is shown that suitable equipment, bought off the shelf, can produce useful results. The paper describes equipment performance trials and a practical application in a study of large scale sea bed topography.RésuméLa cartographie du microrelief de fonds sous‐marins ne peut être faite qu'à partir de photos. On montre, qu'avec un appareillage convenable on peut obtenir des résultats intéressants. On décrit les tests, ainsi qu'un travail pratique d'application à un levéà grande échelle de fonds sous‐marin.ZusammenfassungDie kartographische Darstellung des Mikroreliefs des Meeresbodens kann nur auf photo‐optischem Wege durchgeführt werden. Es wird gezeigt, dass mit einer geeigneten Ausrüstung günstige Ergebnisse erzielt werden können. Im Artikel werden Versuche zur Testung der Ausrüstung und eine praktische Anwendung zum Studium einer grossmassstäbigen Meerestopographie beschrieben.
PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR COOLING TOWER SHAPE SURVEYS
Authors: Chisholm N. W. T. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractQuantitative assessment of the imperfections in the shape of cooling towers is required to enable strength studies to be carried out. Terrestrial photogrammetric methods are described which provide the initial data by locating the position of surface cracks and depicting the surface by means of ring contours. These serve as a basis for further analysis.RésuméUne description quantitative des défauts de construction des tours de réfrigération est nécessaire pour mener à bien l'étude de leur resistance. On décrit des méthodes de photogrammitrie terrestre permettant de localiser leurs fractures et de décrire leur surface au moyen de sections circulaires.ZusammenfassungZur Analyse der Belastung von Kühltürmen werden quantitative Angaben über die Deformation des Baukörpers benötigt. Es werden Verfahren der terrestrischen Photogrammetrie beschrieben, womit die geforderten Daten durch Lokalisierung von Rissen an der Oberfläche und Beschreibung der Oberfläche mit Umrisslinien bereitgestellt werden. Diese Angaben dienen als Grundlage für weitere Untersuchungen.
THE PUPIL IN PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Scott P. J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWhen exit pupil and rear node do not coincide in a camera lens, the inner perspective centre is shown to depart from the rear node at close focal settings. Ignorance of the departure is demonstrated to be responsible for the variation of principal distance with object distance which is believed to exist by some photogrammetrists. Subsequently, variation of entrance pupil with incident angle is shown to produce a small change in principal distance of a different form. Theory is substantiated by experimental results.RésuméQuand pupille de sortie et point nodal arriere ne coincident pas, le faisceau perspectif image n'est plus obligatoirement centré au point nodal arrière; c'est ce phénomène qui rend compte de la soit disant variation de la distance principale avec la distance de prise de vue. De plus, la variation de la pupille d'entrée avec l'angle d'incidence équivaut également à une légère variation de la distance principale. Résultats expérimentaux à l'appui de ces considérations.ZusammenfassungWenn bei einem Kameraobjektiv die Austrittspupille und der hintere Knotenpunkt nicht zusammenfallen, so weicht bei Nahaufnahmen das innere Projektionszentrum vom Knotenpunkt ab. Die Vernachlässigung dieser Abweichung führt zu der von einigen Photogrammetern angenommenen Variation der Kammerkonstanten in Abhängigkeit der Aufnahmeentfernung. Weiterhin erzeugt die Variation der Eintrittspupilie als Funktion des Einfallswinkels eine kleine Veränderung der Kammerkonstanten in verschiedener Form. Die theoretischen Darlegungen werden durch experimentelle Ergebnisse untermauert.
THE EXPERIMENTAL RECORDING OF PETROGLYPHS AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES
Authors: Scogings D. A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA short review is given of photogrammetric methods in use for the test recording of petroglyphs and archaeological sites. Two simple field methods employed by archaeologists to record petroglyphs are also described in order to highlight the complexity of photogrammetric techniques and to query their validity.RésuméBrève revue de méthodes photogrammétriques en usage pour enregistrer pétroglyphes et sites archéologiques. On décrit en sus deux méthodes employees par les archéologues dont la simplicité contraste avec la complexité des méthodes photogrammétriques.ZusammenfassungKurzer Bericht über die photogrammetrischen Verfahren zur versuchs‐weisen Aufzeichnung von Petroglyphen und archäologischen Fundstätten. Zwei von Archäologen zur Aufzeichnung von Petroglyphen verwendete einfache Feldverfahren werden ebenfalls beschrieben, um die Komplexität der photogrammetrischen Methoden zu beleuchten und ihre Richtigkeit zu überprüfen.
BUNDLE ADJUSTMENT METHODS IN ENGINEERING PHOTOGRAMMETRY
Authors: Granshaw S. I. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe bundle method is a flexible analytical tool for co‐ordinating engineering and industrial structures. This paper investigates, mainly from a theoretical standpoint, what object space control, if any, need be incorporated in a bundle adjustment and it promotes the use of multistation photography for such projects. The concepts of inner accuracy and free network adjustments are introduced as being valuable in comparative precision studies. Self calibration techniques for the compensation of systematic errors, as well as the detection of gross errors, are also discussed.RésuméLa compensation par faisceaux est un outil fort intéressant pour les applications de la photogrammétrie à l'industrie et à l'ingénerie. On recherche ici, en remplaçant surtout d'un point de vue théorique, quelles doivent être alors, s'il en est besoin, les caractéristiques du canevas d'appui. On montre que les concepts d'exacitude interne et de “libre compensation” (équation d'observation indeterminée) présentent un intérêt certain pour ce genre d'étude. On tente également d'évaluer l'intérêt de l'étalouvage et la chambre de prise de vue, et on discute le problème de la détection des fautes.ZusammenfassungDie Bündelmethode ist ein sehr flexibles analytisches Verfahren zur Koordinatenbestimmung beim Ingenieurbau und bei industriellen Konstruktionen. In der Arbeit wird, hauptsächlich vom theoretischen Gesichtspunkt, untersucht, wieviel Objektpasspunkte in einer Bündelausgleichung benötigt werden. Der Autor plädiert für die Anwendung der Multistandpunktaufnahme bei solchen Projekten. Innere Genauigkeit und freie Netzausgleichung werden als wertvolle Begriffe bei vergleichenden Genauigkeitsanalysen angesehen. Die Methoden der Selbstkalibrierung zur Eliminierung systematischer Fehler werden ebenso wie die Verfahren zur Erkennung grober Fehler diskutiert.
MODEL HARBOUR WAVE FORM STUDIES BY SHORT RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY
Authors: Adams L. P. , Pos J. D. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe design and construction of a harbour in a hostile marine environment is a very expensive undertaking. Before embarking on such an exercise, the coastal engineer usually constructs a large model of the proposed harbour site based on topographic and hydrographic survey information. Various model breakwater and harbour configurations are then tested by subjecting them to the onslaught of artificially induced waveforms. As a result of these tests an optimum configuration for the real harbour can be designed.This paper discusses the problem of measuring the wave heights in model harbours and gives details of a method of obtaining satisfactory stereophotography of the water surface and of the subsequent analysis of the stereopairs.RésuméLa construction d'un port dans un environnement marin hostile est une entreprise coûteuse. On commence généralement par bâtir une grande maquette à partir des données topographiques et hydrographiques. On teste ensuite divers modèles de digues et configurations du port en réaction à des houles artificielles, d'où on déduit une configuration optimale. On discute ici les façons de déterminer la hauteur des vagues artificielles, et celle d'obtenir des couples stéréoscopiques satisfaisants de la surface de l'eau; on donne des indications sur l'exploitation des clichés.ZusammenfassungDie Planung und der Bau eines Hafens in einer komplizierten maritimen Umwelt ist ein sehr teures Unterfangen. Bevor ein solches Projekt zur Ausführung gelangt, konstruiert der Wasserbauer gewöhnlich ein grosses Modell der vorgeschlagenen Hafensituation auf der Grundlage topographischer und hydrographischer Messungen. Dann werden verschiedene Varianten von Wellenbrechern und Hafenformen getestet, indent man sie künstlich erzeugten Wellenformen aussetzt. Aus solchen Untersuchungen kann die optimale Hafenform gefunden werden. Im Artikel wird das Problem der Wellenhöhenmessungen in Hafenmodellen diskutiert, und es werden Details zur befriedigenden stereophotogrammetrischen Aufnahme der Wasseroberfläche und der anschliessenden Auswertung angegeben.
A DIGITAL SINGLE PHOTOGRAPH TECHNIQUE FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL MAPPING AND ITS APPLICATION TO MAP REVISION
Authors: Burnside C. D. , Walker A. S. , Hampton J. N. , Soffe G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMuch important archaeological information which is invisible to observers on the ground may be recorded on oblique aerial photographs, often taken with non‐metric cameras. There is a requirement to plot this information on existing topographic maps. The archaeological background is outlined and a digital single photograph mapping system, based on monocomparator, microcomputer and small flatbed plotter, is described. This system is inexpensive and can be used by archaeological personnel without expertise in either analytical photogrammetry or computer graphics. Hence it may be capable of a useful role in map revision; its potential for this purpose is discussed and refinements to overcome its limitations are proposed.RésuméUne grande partie des informations archéologiques importantes qui restent invisibles à des observateurs sur le terrain, peut être saisie avec des photographies aériennes obliques, prises le plus souvent avec des chambres non‐métriques. Il est nécessaire de reporter ces informations sur les cartes topographiques existantes. Pour cela on dessine le fond archéologique sur le cliché et l'on utilise un système de cartographie numérique basé sur l'emploi d'une seule photographie, et comprenant un monocomparateur, un micro‐ordinateur et une petite table traçante à plat. Ce système est bon marché et peut être mis en oeuvre par du personnel archéologue n'ayant aucune compétence en photogrammétrie analytique ni dans les sorties graphiques d'ordinateur. Ce système peut jouer, à partir de là, un rôle utile dans la révision des cartes; ses possibilityés dans ce domaine font l'objet d'une discussion tandis que des améliorations destinées à dépasser ses limitations actuelles sont proposées.ZusammenfassungViele wichtige archäologische Informationen, die dem Betrachter im Gelände verborgen bleiben, können auf Schrägluftbildern, die oft mit Amateurkameras aufgenommen wurden, erkannt werden. Dazu besteht dann die Anforderung, solche Informationen auf vorhandene Karten zu übertragen. Der archäologische Hintergrund wird skizziert und für Einzelbilder ein digitales Auswerteverfahren beschrieben, das auf der Verwendung eines Monokomparators, eines Mikrorechners und eines kleinen Flachbettplotters beruht. Dieses System ist billig und kann durch Archäologen ohne jede Erfahrung in analytischer Photogrammetrie oder Digitalgraphik angewendet werden. Es kann auch sinnvoll für die Karlenergänzung sein. Seine Möglichkeiten dafür werden diskutiert und weitere Verbesserungen vorgeschlagen.
WAVE HEIGHTS IN THE SURF ZONE
Authors: Mitchell H. L. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe advantages and disadvantages of measuring ocean wave heights in the surf zone by using terrestrial photogrammetry are outlined. Difficulties arising from a lack of control points can be overcome by using the apparent horizon to provide camera orientations about two axes, provided that the apparent horizon is the sea surface and that an unconventional orientation of the camera axis system is adopted. Following practical tests and error simulation studies, height differences were determined for 12 points in the breaking wave zone off a Newcastle (New South Wales) beach. It is hoped that the method can be developed as a convenient means of collecting wave data.
COMPACT AIR FILM PROCESSORS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
Authors: Danlxi R. C. A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe essential features of equipment for mobile processing are outlined with reference to the development of small photographic laboratory vehicles for use in the Jield. The resulting air film processor, the Wainco Products Limited 392. is described and details are given of trials carried out to establish its performance for a range of tasks in both reconnaissance and survey. The tests cover the sensitometric and drying behaviour of several air films in current use and include an analysis of the dimensional stability o f j l m in the processor. Applications using direrent containers and eflectiveness in improvised situations are also described and possible future variants of the processor are suggested.