bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Doubly robust point and variance estimation in the presence of imputed survey data
Authors: Haziza David , Picard Frédéric 
Published: May 2012

AbstractImputation is often used in surveys to treat item nonresponse. It is well known that treating the imputed values as observed values may lead to substantial underestimation of the variance of the point estimators. To overcome the problem, a number of variance estimation methods have been proposed in the literature, including resampling methods such as the jackknife and the bootstrap. In this paper, we consider the problem of doubly robust inference in the presence of imputed survey data. In the doubly robust literature, point estimation has been the main focus. In this paper, using the reverse framework for variance estimation, we derive doubly robust linearization variance estimators in the case of deterministic and random regression imputation within imputation classes. Also, we study the properties of several jackknife variance estimators under both negligible and nonnegligible sampling fractions. A limited simulation study investigates the performance of various variance estimators in terms of relative bias and relative stability. Finally, the asymptotic normality of imputed estimators is established for stratified multistage designs under both deterministic and random regression imputation. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 40: 259–281; 2012 © 2012 Statistical Society of Canada
Structure and activity of full‐length formin mDia1
Authors: Maiti Sankar , Michelot Alphee , Gould Christopher , Blanchoin Laurent , Sokolova Olga , Goode Bruce L. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractFormins are a conserved family of actin assembly‐promoting factors with essential and diverse biological roles. Most of our biochemical understanding of formin effects on actin dynamics is derived from studies using formin fragments. In addition, all structural information on formins has been limited to fragments. This has left open key questions about the structure, activity and regulation of intact formin proteins. Here, we isolated full‐length mouse mDia1 (mDia1‐FL) and found that it forms tightly autoinhibited dimers that can only be partially activated by RhoA. We solved the structure of autoinhibited mDia1‐FL using electron microscopy and single particle analysis. Docking of crystal structures into the three dimensional reconstruction revealed that the fork‐shaped N‐terminal diaphanous inhibitory domain‐coiled coil domain region hangs over the ring‐shaped formin homology (FH)2 domain, suggesting that autoinhibition results from steric obstruction of actin binding. Deletion of the C‐terminal diaphanous autoregulatory domain extended mDia1 structure and activated it for actin assembly. Using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, we observed that RhoA‐activated mDia1‐FL persistently accelerated filament elongation in the presence of profilin similar to mDia1 FH1‐FH2 fragment. These observations validate the known activities of FH1‐FH2 fragments as reflecting those of the intact molecule. Our results further suggest that mDia1‐FL does not readily snap back into the autoinhibited conformation and dissociate from growing filament ends, and thus additional factors may be required to displace formins and restrict filament length. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Distribution of the glycine receptor β‐subunit in the mouse CNS as revealed by a novel monoclonal antibody
Authors: Weltzien Felix , Puller Christian , O'Sullivan Gregory A. , Paarmann Ingo , Betz Heinrich 
Published: May 2012

AbstractInhibitory glycine receptors (GlyRs) are composed of homologous α‐ (α1–4) and β‐subunits. The β‐subunits (GlyRβ) interact via their large cytosolic loops with the postsynaptic scaffolding protein gephyrin and are therefore considered essential for synaptic localization. In situ hybridization studies indicate a widespread distribution of GlyRβ transcripts throughout the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), whereas GlyRα mRNAs and proteins display more restricted expression patterns. Here we report the generation of a monoclonal antibody that specifically recognizes rodent GlyRβ (mAb‐GlyRβ) and does not exhibit crossreactivity with any of the GlyRα1–4 subunits. Immunostaining with this antibody revealed high densities of punctate GlyRβ immunoreactivity at inhibitory synapses in mouse spinal cord, brainstem, midbrain, and olfactory bulb but not in the neocortex, cerebellum, or hippocampus. This contrasts the abundance of GlyRβ transcripts in all major regions of the rodent brain and suggests that GlyRβ protein levels are regulated posttranscriptionally. When mAb‐GlyRβ was used in double‐labeling experiments with GlyRα1‐, α2‐, α3‐, or α4‐specific antibodies to examine the colocalization of GlyRβ with these GlyR subunits in the mouse retina, >90% of the GlyRα1–3 clusters detected were found to be GlyRβ‐immunoreactive. A subset (about 50%) of the GlyRα4 puncta in the inner plexiform layer, however, was found to lack GlyRβ and gephyrin immunostaining. These GlyRα4‐only clusters were apposed to bassoon immunoreactivity and hence synaptically localized. Their existence points to a gephyrin‐independent synaptic localization mechanism for a minor subset of GlyRs. J. Comp. Neurol. 520:3962–3981, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Neuroanatomy of melanocortin‐4 receptor pathway in the lateral hypothalamic area
Authors: Cui Huxing , Sohn Jong‐Woo , Gautron Laurent , Funahashi Hisayuki , Williams Kevin W. , Elmquist Joel K. , Lutter Michael 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe central melanocortin system regulates body energy homeostasis including the melanocortin‐4 receptor (MC4R). The lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) receives dense melanocortinergic inputs from the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus and regulates multiple processes including food intake, reward behaviors, and autonomic function. By using a mouse line in which green fluorescent protein (GFP) is expressed under control of the MC4R gene promoter, we systemically investigated MC4R signaling in the LHA by combining double immunohistochemistry, electrophysiology, and retrograde tracing techniques. We found that LHA MC4R‐GFP neurons coexpress neurotensin as well as the leptin receptor but do not coexpress other peptide neurotransmitters found in the LHA including orexin, melanin‐concentrating hormone, and nesfatin‐1. Furthermore, electrophysiological recording demonstrated that leptin, but not the MC4R agonist melanotan II, hyperpolarizes the majority of LHA MC4R‐GFP neurons in an ATP‐ sensitive potassium channel–dependent manner. Retrograde tracing revealed that LHA MC4R‐GFP neurons do not project to the ventral tegmental area, dorsal raphe nucleus, nucleus accumbens, and spinal cord, and only limited number of neurons project to the nucleus of the solitary tract and parabrachial nucleus. Our findings provide new insights into MC4R signaling in the LHA and its potential implications in homeostatic regulation of body energy balance. J. Comp. Neurol. 4168–4183, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodcicals, Inc.
Neuromechanic: A computational platform for simulation and analysis of the neural control of movement
Authors: Bunderson Nathan E. , Bingham Jeffrey T. , Hongchul Sohn M. , Ting Lena H. , Burkholder Thomas J. 
Published: May 2012

SUMMARYNeuromusculoskeletal models solve the basic problem of determining how the body moves under the influence of external and internal forces. Existing biomechanical modeling programs often emphasize dynamics with the goal of finding a feed‐forward neural program to replicate experimental data or of estimating force contributions or individual muscles. The computation of rigid‐body dynamics, muscle forces, and activation of the muscles are often performed separately. We have developed an intrinsically forward computational platform (Neuromechanic, www.neuromechanic.com) that explicitly represents the interdependencies among rigid body dynamics, frictional contact, muscle mechanics, and neural control modules. This formulation has significant advantages for optimization and forward simulation, particularly with application to neural controllers with feedback or regulatory features. Explicit inclusion of all state dependencies allows calculation of system derivatives with respect to kinematic states and muscle and neural control states, thus affording a wealth of analytical tools, including linearization, stability analyses and calculation of initial conditions for forward simulations. In this review, we describe our algorithm for generating state equations and explain how they may be used in integration, linearization, and stability analysis tools to provide structural insights into the neural control of movement. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lower compactness estimates for scalar balance laws
Authors: Ancona Fabio , Glass Olivier , Nguyen Khai T. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIn this paper, we study the compactness in L of the semigroup (St)t≥0 of entropy weak solutions to strictly convex scalar conservation laws in one space dimension. The compactness of St for each t > 0 was established by P. D. Lax. Upper estimates for the Kolmogorov e‐entropy of the image of bounded sets in L1 n L∞ through St were given by C. De Lellis and F. Golse. Here we provide lower estimates on this e‐entropy of the same order as the one established by De Lellis and Golse, thus showing that such an e‐entropy is of size ≈ 1/ε. Moreover, we extend these estimates of compactness to the case of convex balance laws. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Technology classification, industry, and education for Future Internet of Things
Authors: Ning Huansheng , Hu Sha 
Published: May 2012

SUMMARYThe Internet of Things (IoT) is developing rapidly and becoming a hot topic around the world. On the basis of the reorganized Unit IoT and Ubiquitous IoT, two models for Future IoT are proposed in this paper. A dimension model is established to classify the complicated IoT technologies and a layer model is built for Future IoT system architecture. Then, the IoT vision and its development phases prediction are presented. Furthermore, the thought of regarding IoT as an emerging industry is explained to be inappropriate because IoT is a new stage of intelligentization and informatization development. Meanwhile, the necessity of training qualified personnel in colleges is introduced. Then, the relation between IoT and the science and technology system and IoT relevant subjects is analyzed. At the end, this paper raises the problem of setting IoT as a major in college and proposes some suggestions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Phylogeography of the prehensile‐tailed skinkCorucia zebrataon the Solomon Archipelago
Authors: Hagen Ingerid J. , Donnellan Stephen C. , Bull C. Michael 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe biogeography of islands is often strongly influenced by prior geological events.Corucia zebrata(Squamata: Scincidae) is endemic to the geologically complex Solomon Archipelago in Northern Melanesia. We examined the level of divergence for different island populations ofC. zebrataand discussed these patterns in light of Pleistocene land bridges, island isolation, and island age.Corucia zebratawas sampled from 14 locations across the Solomon Archipelago and sequenced at two mitochondrial genes (ND2andND4; 1697 bp in total) and four nuclear loci (rhodopsin,an unknown intron,AKAP9,andPTPN12). Measures of genetic divergence, analyses of genetic variation, and Bayesian phylogenetic inference were used and the data assessed in light of geological information. Populations ofC. zebrataon separate islands were found to be genetically different from each other, with reciprocal monophyly on mitochondrial DNA. Populations on islands previously connected by Pleistocene land bridges were marginally less divergent from each other than from populations on other nearby but isolated islands. There are indications thatC. zebratahas radiated across the eastern islands of the archipelago within the last 1–4 million years. Nuclear loci were not sufficiently informative to yield further information about the phylogeography ofC. zebrataon the Solomon Archipelago. Analyses of the mitochondrial data suggest that dispersal between islands has been very limited and that there are barriers to gene flow within the major islands. Islands that have been isolated during the Pleistocene glacial cycles are somewhat divergent in their mitochondrial genotypes, however, isolation by distance (IBD) and recent colonization of isolated but geologically younger islands appear to have had stronger effects on the phylogeography ofC. zebratathan the Pleistocene glacial cycles. This contrasts with patterns reported for avian taxa, and highlights the fact that biogeographic regions for island species cannot be directly extrapolated among taxa of differing dispersal ability.
Bayesian approach to potency estimation for aquatic toxicology experiments when a toxicant affects both fecundity and survival
Authors: Zhang Jing , Bailer A. John , Oris James T. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Chemicals in aquatic systems may impact a variety of endpoints including mortality, growth, or reproduction. Clearly, growth or reproduction will only be observed in organisms that survive. Because it is common to observe mortality in studies focusing on the reproduction of organisms, especially in higher concentration conditions, the resulting observed numbers of young become a mixture of zeroes and positive counts. Zeroes are recorded for organisms that die before having any young and living organisms with no offspring. Positive counts are recorded for living organisms with offspring. Thus, responses reflect both fecundity and mortality of the organisms used in such tests. In the present study, the authors propose the estimation of the concentration associated with a specified level of reproductive inhibition (RIp) using a Bayesian zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) regression model. This approach allows any prior information and expert knowledge about the model parameters to be incorporated into the regression coefficients or RIp estimation. Simulation studies are conducted to compare the Bayesian ZIP regression model and classical methods. The Bayesian estimator outperforms the frequentist alternative by producing more precise point estimates with smaller mean square differences between RIp estimates and true values, narrower interval estimates with better coverage probabilities. The authors also applied their proposed model to a study of Ceriodaphnia dubia exposed to a test toxicant. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 1920–1930. © 2012 SETAC
Harmonic mean rate fairness for cognitive radio networks with heterogeneous traffic
Authors: Dashti Mina , Azmi Paeiz , Navaie Keivan 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes new utility‐based fairness criteria for radio resource allocation in underlay cognitive radio networks based on harmonic mean concept. Then, joint rate and power allocation problem is considered for secondary users subject to the signal‐to‐interference‐noise ratio and interference threshold constraints. It is shown that the proposed approach yields a better balance between throughput and fairness compared with conventional fairness criteria, namely max–min and proportional fairness. Furthermore, in order to address the requirements of future wireless applications a cross‐layer resource‐allocation is proposed for heterogeneous traffic. A combination of streaming (which requires a maximum guaranteed average delay) and elastic traffic (with flexible rate requirements) is considered. The optimization problem allocates the available resources to the streaming users such that the quality‐of‐service constraints of the streaming users are satisfied. Through extensive simulations, the effect of streaming traffic on the total throughput of elastic users is investigated. Simulation results demonstrate the increase in throughput of elastic users achieved by decreasing number of streaming users.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thermal conductivity of intumescent coating char after accelerated aging
Authors: Wang L. L. , Wang Y. C. , Yuan J. F. , Li G. Q. 
Published: May 2012

SUMMARYThis paper presents the results of an experimental and numerical simulation study to obtain thermal conductivity of intumescent coating after accelerated aging. Two types of intumescent coating were used. The main objective of this research was to check the accuracy of a thermal conductivity model for the fully expanded intumescent coating char, which was assumed to depend on the expansion thickness and the bubble size and distribution. By using the model and the measured expanded thicknesses and average bubble diameters for the two types of intumescent coating after different cycles of accelerated aging, the intumescent coating insulated steel plate temperatures were numerically calculated and compared with measured results. The agreement has been found to be generally satisfactory, suggesting that the thermal conductivity model is acceptable. The measured results of intumescent coating expanded thickness and bubble size show that aging has two detrimental effects on the insulation performance of intumescent coating: reducing the expansion thickness and increasing the bubble size, both leading to increased thermal conductivity. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Septohippocampal GABAergic neurons mediate the altered behaviors induced by n‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor antagonists
Authors: Ma Jingyi , Tai Siew Kian , Leung L. Stan 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWe hypothesize that selective lesion of the septohippocampal GABAergic neurons suppresses the altered behaviors induced by an N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, ketamine or MK‐801. In addition, we hypothesize that septohippocampal GABAergic neurons generate an atropine‐resistant theta rhythm that coexists with an atropine‐sensitive theta rhythm in the hippocampus. Infusion of orexin‐saporin (ore‐SAP) into the medial septal area decreased parvalbumin‐immunoreactive (GABAergic) neurons by ∼80%, without significantly affecting choline‐acetyltransferase‐immunoreactive (cholinergic) neurons. The theta rhythm during walking, or the immobility‐associated theta induced by pilocarpine, was not different between ore‐SAP and sham‐lesion rats. Walking theta was, however, more disrupted by atropine sulfate in ore‐SAP than in sham‐lesion rats. MK‐801 (0.5 mg/kg i.p.) induced hyperlocomotion associated with an increase in frequency, but not power, of the hippocampal theta in both ore‐SAP and sham‐lesion rats. However, MK‐801 induced an increase in 71–100 Hz gamma waves in sham‐lesion but not ore‐SAP lesion rats. In sham‐lesion rats, MK‐801 induced an increase in locomotion and an impairment of prepulse inhibition (PPI), and ketamine (3 mg/kg s.c.) induced a loss of gating of hippocampal auditory evoked potentials. MK‐801‐induced behavioral hyperlocomotion and PPI impairment, and ketamine‐induced auditory gating deficit were reduced in ore‐SAP rats as compared to sham‐lesion rats. During baseline without drugs, locomotion and auditory gating were not different between ore‐SAP and sham‐lesion rats, and PPI was slightly but significantly increased in ore‐SAP as compared with sham lesion rats. It is concluded that septohippocampal GABAergic neurons are important for the expression of hyperactive and psychotic symptoms an enhanced hippocampal gamma activity induced by ketamine and MK‐801, and for generating an atropine‐resistant theta. Selective suppression of septohippocampal GABAergic activity is suggested to be an effective treatment of some symptoms of schizophrenia. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MHC class I expression in HPV positive and negative tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma in correlation to clinical outcome
Authors: Näsman Anders , Andersson Emilia , Nordfors Cecilia , Grün Nathalie , Johansson Hemming , Munck‐Wikland Eva , Massucci Giuseppe , Dalianis Tina , Ramqvist Torbjörn 
Published: May 2012

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is an important factor for the development of tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC). In addition, patients with HPV‐positive TSCC have a better clinical outcome than patients with HPV‐negative TSCC. Although, HPV is an important prognostic marker, additional biomarkers are needed to better predict clinical outcome to individualize treatment. Hence, we examined if classical HLA HLA‐A,B,C and nonclassical HLA‐E,G could serve as such marker. Formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded TSCC from 150 patients diagnosed 2000–2006, earlier analyzed for HPV DNA and p16INK4a, and treated with intention to cure were evaluated for the expression of HLA‐A,B,C and HLA‐E,G by immunohistochemistry. For HPV‐positive TSCC a low expression of HLA‐A,B,C, whereas for HPV‐negative TSCC, a normal expression of HLA‐A,B,C was significantly correlated to a favorable clinical outcome. These correlations were more pronounced for membrane staining of HLA‐A,B,C when compared with cytoplasmatic staining. No significant correlation was found between HLA‐E,G and HPV status or clinical outcome. The unexpected contrasting correlation between HLA‐A,B,C expression, and clinical outcome depending on HPV, indicates essential differences between HPV‐positive and HPV‐negative TSCC. Furthermore, our data demonstrate that for both HPV‐positive and HPV‐negative TSCC, the expression of HLA‐A,B,C together with HPV may serve as a useful biomarker for predicting clinical outcome.
The role of transitions to new age groups in the development of institutionalized children
Authors: McCall Robert B. , Fish Larry A. , Groark Christina J. , Muhamedrahimov Rifkat J. , Palmov Oleg , Nikiforova Natalia V. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractChildren in two institutions in St. Petersburg (Russian Federation) experienced ward transitions, one in which caregivers were trained to provide sensitive, responsive caregiving and one that conducted business as usual. A third institution eliminated transitions, received the same training, and implemented a variety of structural and employment changes designed to promote improved caregiver–child interactions and relationships. While the no‐transition comprehensive intervention group of children steadily improved in Battelle Developmental Inventory (LINC Associates, 1988) scores across all age intervals, the children in the institution who encouraged some positive caregiver–child interactions improved before and after, but not during, an age period that involved a transition. In contrast, the no‐treatment group displayed no developmental changes across any age period with or without a transition. These results suggest that the common institutional practice of ward transitions to new peers and caregivers is potentially disruptive to infants' and toddlers' general development, but primarily in a context in which some degree of caregiver–child sensitive and responsive interactions are encouraged.
Infancy research, infant mental health, and adult psychotherapy: Mutual influences
Authors: Seligman Stephen , Harrison Alexandra 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThis article considers the influence of infant research on psychodynamic theory and practice. Infant research highlights the dramatic effects of the early caregiving relationship on development throughout the life span. It also provides important perspectives on psychotherapeutic processes. This article highlights such elements as empathy, mutual recognition and attachment, along with elaborating the intersubjective and transactional systems perspectives. In addition, it stresses the powerful role of nonverbal, implicit communication and meaning‐making, which play a greater role in human relational experience–and therefore in the therapeutic process–than previously understood. In addition to clarifying these general orientations, the article describes specific therapeutic strategies based on the expanded developmental knowledge.