bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cultural Generalizability of the False Signaling Theory: A Replication Study Using a Japanese Sample
Authors: Zhao Xinyu , Watamura Eiichiro 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHypocrites are generally viewed unfavorably. According to the false signaling theory, this is because a hypocrite's condemnation falsely manipulates observers into believing in their moral goodness. However, since the false signaling theory has not been tested in cultures other than that of the United States, its cultural generalizability remains unclear. This study replicated two experiments comparing evaluations of hypocrites with those of transgressors and liars (Experiment 1, n = 583) and those of transgressors with those of honest hypocrites (Experiment 2, n = 509) using a Japanese sample. The results generally support the false signaling theory as hypocrites' condemnation also attracted harsh criticism among Japanese participants. However, our results also suggest differences in the definition of false signals between Japanese and U.S. samples. The Japanese participants believed that liars were as morally wrong and hypocritical as hypocrites. We speculate that such cultural differences may stem from the high‐context culture and discuss some directions for future research.
The Moravian Society in the Era of the Nonterritorial Autonomy (1905–1918): Civic Emancipation and National Life as Two Sides of the Same Coin
Authors: Pokludová Andrea , Kladiwa Pavel 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe Moravian Compromise of 1905 introduced important elements of nonterritorial autonomy (NTA) into the Austrian province of Moravia with a national separation of education, school administration, constituencies and parliamentary mandates. After the introductory passages that outline the basic aspects of the Moravian situation at the end of the 19th century, the first part of the article presents all four acts that constituted the Moravian Compromise and sketches their practical implementation. The second part examines public life and municipal politics in the Moravian ethnically mixed town of Olomouc in the period preceding the Compromise as well as following the installation of the NTA system. It shows that ordinary civic life was increasingly intertwined with public life, including national agitation, even in the last decades before the introduction of the nonterritorial national autonomy, as a direct consequence of the growing intensity of social emancipation and communication. In the third and final part of the study, we outline our understanding of the impact of national identity on the Moravian (and, especially, Olomouc) population and of the role of national identity in everyday life.
Genomic prediction with NetGP based on gene network and multi‐omics data in plants
Authors: Zhao Longyang , Tang Ping , Luo Jinjing , Liu Jianxiang , Peng Xin , Shen Mengyuan , Wang Chengrui , Zhao Junliang , Zhou Degui , Fan Zhilan , Chen Yibo , Wang Runfeng , Tang Xiaoyan , Xu Zhi , Liu Qi 
Published: February 2025

SummaryGenomic selection (GS) is a new breeding strategy. Generally, traditional methods are used for predicting traits based on the whole genome. However, the prediction accuracy of these models remains limited because they cannot fully reflect the intricate nonlinear interactions between genotypes and traits. Here, a novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) feature extraction technique based on the Pearson‐Collinearity Selection (PCS) is firstly presented and improves prediction accuracy across several known models. Furthermore, gene network prediction model (NetGP) is a novel deep learning approach designed for phenotypic prediction. It utilizes transcriptomic dataset (Trans), genomic dataset (SNP) and multi‐omics dataset (Trans + SNP). The NetGP model demonstrated better performance compared to other models in genomic predictions, transcriptomic predictions and multi‐omics predictions. NetGP multi‐omics model performed better than independent genomic or transcriptomic prediction models. Prediction performance evaluations using several other plants' data showed good generalizability for NetGP. Taken together, our study not only offers a novel and effective tool for plant genomic selection but also points to new avenues for future plant breeding research.
Genetic Variation and Phenotypic Plasticity of Leaf Minimum Water Conductance in Temperate Tree Species
Authors: Wang Songwei , Hoch Günter , Hopf Sven , Kahmen Ansgar 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe survival time of trees under drought is intimately linked to leaf minimum water conductance on the leaf surface (gmin), which determines the residual water loss of trees after maximum stomatal closure. Considerable interspecies variation of gmin in trees has been documented, but intraspecific variation resulting from genetic variation (G) and phenotypic plasticity (E) remains unclear. We measured the temperature response (T) of gmin in different provenances of four temperate tree species growing in three common gardens differing in water availability and assessed G, E and G × E of gmin and T. Additionally, we explored how leaf cuticular and stomatal traits are related to the intraspecific variation of gmin. For all species, our results showed strong T, low G and high E for gmin. Interestingly, E was more pronounced in deciduous angiosperm trees than in evergreen conifers. Surprisingly, there was significant E × T in some species. Contrary to our expectation, we found no significant effect of leaf stomatal and cuticular traits on gmin. Our study suggests that E is the most potent driver of intraspecies variation of gmin, possibly contributing to the acclimation of deciduous trees to a future hotter and dryer climate.
Public‐private or public‐public? Exploring factors affecting private participation in China's public‐private partnerships
Authors: Qin Shikun , Zhao Jerry Zhirong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPublic‐private partnerships (PPPs) in China rose sharply after 2014. However, there are growing concerns regarding the predominance of state‐owned enterprises (SOEs) as partners of PPP projects. The participation of private companies in China's PPP has been decreasing in recent years despite the promotion of the national government. Based on the transaction cost theory, we construct an explanatory framework of private participation that contains government, market, transactional context, and project dimensions. Employing a city‐level panel data containing rich information about partner structure, our analysis shows that strong government capacity and credibility, active local private sector, and proximity both geographically and politically to the national power center promote private participation. In addition, projects with lower investment levels and longer duration tend to have higher private participation. Our findings offer insights into enhancing private infrastructure investment, relevant for both neoliberal and non‐liberal countries facing budget constraints.
Baby Sleep Project Protocol: a realist evaluation of an intervention to reduce preventable infant mortality
Authors: Pease Anna , Lambert Becky , Ingram Jenny , Bradley N , Fleming Peter , Blair Peter S , Farr Michelle 
Published: February 2025

Introduction
In the UK, approximately 300 infants each year die suddenly and unexpectedly, with most deaths remaining unexplained. Population-wide ‘Safer Sleep’ messages have brought rates down but remaining deaths now predominantly occur within families experiencing poverty. Many of these deaths may be preventable as the majority have known, avoidable risks present. New resources and tools for health professionals and families have been developed to address modifiable barriers to implementing safer sleep advice in this priority group of families. This study aims to understand how the Baby Sleep Project resources work to improve the uptake of safer sleep advice, including for whom, and in what contexts they work best.

Methods and analysis
Realist evaluation will be used, including both qualitative and quantitative methods. Data will be collected both pre- and post-health professional training in the new resources. We will invite neonatal staff, health visitors and family nurse partnerships nurses, and primary caregivers of infants to take part. We will carry out qualitative interviews with health professionals and caregivers. Quantitative surveys looking at implementation for health professionals, changes in infant care knowledge and practice, and parenting self-efficacy will be conducted with caregivers. Mechanisms of action, contexts and outcomes from the new resources will be tested against the initial programme theory. The findings from this research will inform evidence-based explanations of how to improve the uptake of health advice in priority populations.

Ethics and dissemination
The study was given a favourable opinion by the South West—Frenchay Research Ethics Committee (ref: 23/SW/0119). We will publish our findings in academic journals and talk about them at conferences. We will make sure the people who took part in the study hear about them first. If the resources are shown to be useful, we will work with charities and the National Health Service to roll them out across the whole of the UK.

Trial registration number

NCT3364337
.
Reheating dynamics in inflationary cosmology: insights from $$\alpha $$-attractor and $$\alpha $$-Starobinsky models
Authors: Germán Gabriel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Reheating in inflationary cosmology is essential for understanding the early universe, influencing particle production, thermalization, and the primordial power spectrum. Crucial quantities defined during the reheating epoc, such as the equation of state parameter

$$\omega _{re}$$

ω

re

, reheating temperature

$$T_{re}$$

T

re

, and the number of e-folds

$$N_{re}$$

N

re

, affect inflationary observables like the scalar spectral index

$$n_s$$

n
s

and the tensor-to-scalar ratio r. We analyze two classes of inflationary models: generalized

$$\alpha $$

α

-attractor models and the

$$\alpha $$

α

-Starobinsky generalization. These models, motivated by supergravity and string theory, exhibit attractor behavior, ensuring strong predictions and have been studied extensively before. An important novelty of this study, compared to previous works, is the inclusion of an analytical expression for the reheating temperature,

$$T_{\text {re}}$$

T
re

, which makes it a dynamical quantity. This is crucial for determining all the cosmological quantities analyzed in this work. Our results show a universal scaling behavior for a tightly bounded

$$T_{re}$$

T

re

in both models. We believe this is the first time that

$$T_{re}$$

T

re

is so closely determined. This work complements previous Bayesian and numerical studies by providing detailed numerical and analytical insights into the evolution of cosmological observables and reheating parameters, offering also constraints on inflationary models based on observational data.
Identification and Functional Characterization of a Novel PRPS1 Variant in X‐Linked Nonsyndromic Hearing Loss: Insights From Zebrafish and Cellular Models
Authors: Wan Yining , Li Jinqiu , Guo Yingyuan , Guo Fang , Zhao Ying , Li Yue , Yang Xia , Chen Huidan , Xie Shimin , Wang Mingyong , Guan Guofang , Zhu Yilong , Li Xiao 
Published: February 2025

Purpose: The study was aimed at identifying the pathogenic gene responsible for X‐linked nonsyndromic hearing loss (NSHL) in a five‐generation Chinese family and at elucidating the gene’s function both in vivo using a zebrafish model and in vitro using PRPS1 knockdown HEI‐OC1 cells.Methods: Exome sequencing (ES) and Sanger sequencing were used to identify the pathogenic variants. A transgenic zebrafish model overexpressing the novel PRPS1 variant (c.494G>A: p.Cys165Tyr) was constructed, and PRPS1 was knocked down in HEI‐OC1 cells using siRNA to explore the underlying mechanisms. Hair cell development and behavior were assessed in zebrafish, and mitochondrial function and cell viability were analyzed in HEI‐OC1 cells.Results: A novel missense variant (c.494G>A: p.Cys165Tyr) in the PRPS1 gene was identified as the pathogenic variant causing progressive X‐linked deafness‐1 (DFNX1). The variant led to hair cell death in zebrafish, with disrupted swimming behavior. In HEI‐OC1 cells, PRPS1 knockdown resulted in downregulation of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/sirtuin 3 (SIRT3)/superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) pathway, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis, which were partially rescued by pretreatment with nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a precursor of NAD+.Conclusion: The study reports a novel PRPS1 variant contributing to the variant spectrum of PRPS1 and highlights the role of PRPS1 deficiency in increasing oxidative stress‐induced hair cell apoptosis via the NAD+/SIRT3/SOD2 pathway. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of PRPS1‐related hearing loss and potential therapeutic targets.
Cardiomyocyte PRL2 Promotes Cardiac Hypertrophy via Directly Dephosphorylating AMPKα2
Authors: Han Xue , Shi Qiaojuan , Tu Yu , Zhang Jiajia , Wang Mengyang , Li Weiqi , Liu Yanan , Zheng Ruyi , Wei Jiajia , Ye Shiju , Zhang Yanmei , Ye Bozhi , Wang Yi , Ying Huazhong , Liang Guang 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy can result in heart failure. Protein dephosphorylation plays a primary role in the mediation of various cellular processes in cardiomyocytes. Here, we investigated the effects of a protein tyrosine phosphatase, PRL2 (phosphatase of regenerative liver 2), on pathological cardiac hypertrophy.

METHODS:
The PRL2 knockout mice were subjected to angiotensin II infusion or transverse aortic constriction to induce myocardial hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction. RNA-sequencing analysis was performed to explore the underlying mechanisms. Mass spectrometry and bio-layer interferometry assays were used to identify AMPKα2 (AMP-activated protein kinase α2) as an interacting protein of PRL2. Mutant plasmids of AMPKα2 were used to clarify how PRL2 interacts and dephosphorylates AMPKα2.

RESULTS:

A significant upregulation of PRL2 was observed in hypertrophic myocardium tissues in mice and patients with heart failure. PRL2 deficiency alleviated cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and dysfunction in mice challenged with angiotensin II infusion or transverse aortic constriction. Transcriptomic and biochemical analyses showed that PRL2 knockout or silence maintained AMPK
T172
phosphorylation and subsequent mitochondrial integrity in angiotensin II-challenged heart tissues or cardiomyocytes. Mass spectrometry-based interactome assay indicated AMPKα2 subunit as the substrate of PRL2. Mechanistically, PRL2 binds to the C-terminal domain of AMPKα2 and then dephosphorylates AMPKα2
T172
via its active site C46. Adeno-associated virus 9-mediated deficiency of cardiomyocyte PRL2 also protected cardiac mitochondrial function and showed cardioprotective effects in angiotensin II-challenged mice, but these benefits were not observed in AMPKα2
−/−
mice.

CONCLUSIONS:
This study reveals that PRL2, as a novel AMPK-regulating phosphatase, promotes mitochondrial instability and hypertrophic injury in cardiomyocytes and provides PLR2 as a potential target for future drug development treating heart failure.
Determination of the biological variation and reference change value of lipoprotein (a)
Authors: Antwi Kofi , Downie Paul , Mbagaya Wycliffe 
Published: February 2025

Background Understanding lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] measurement variability is essential in establishing its coronary heart disease (CHD) association, and optimizing assessment and management of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. We established the components of biological variation (BV) and reference change value (RCV) of Lp(a) in a UK cohort. Method 22 healthy individuals were recruited to the study. Blood samples were collected for six consecutive weeks and analysed in duplicate using the Lp(a) assay by Sentinel Diagnostics on the Beckman Coulter AU5800. Outlier, heterogeneity, normality, and trend analysis were performed, followed by CV-ANOVA to determine estimates of BV, adhering to the 14 BIVAC quality items. RCV was calculated based on estimated CVA and CVI. Results Four participants were excluded from the analysis as their mean Lp(a) levels fell below the functional sensitivity of the assay. Mean Lp(a) concentration ranged from 14 to 241 nmol/L. The overall estimate of CVI for all participants was 10.9% (95% CI of 9.1 – 13.0%). The RCV for Lp(a) was +31.6%/-24.0%. Conclusion Our study obtained a CVI estimate for Lp(a) that aligned consistently with recent studies adhering to the quality specifications outlined in the BIVAC checklist. The CVI estimate was significantly lower than Lp(a) estimates reported in studies up to 2003. The CVI estimate highlights the limitations of relying solely on a single Lp(a) measurement for prognosticating ASCVD risk and identifying candidates for novel Lp(a) therapies, particularly when the measured value is near clinical decision thresholds.
An integrated approach for fatigue design of rail vehicle suspensions under block loading
Authors: Luo Robert Keqi , Thompson Mark , Xu Johnson , Li Xuebing 
Published: February 2025

In this case study, we introduce a new approach by applying the most recent fatigue criterion, effective tensile stress, to a rail vehicle suspension spring for the first time. Without the need for curve fitting, this criterion can effectively predict fatigue life under positive and negative R ratios. We defined a general S-N function and failure rates based on published results from cylindrical dumbbell samples on 30 fatigue cases. The measured load-displacement curve validated the material model with an elastic constant ratio. Blocks of three different loading sets were applied to a rail vehicle suspension spring for 125k cycles. One crack initiation was observed at 82k cycles and propagated to 97 mm after the test. We successfully predicted crack initiation at 81k cycles (with a failure rate of 7%) and 92k cycles (with a failure rate of 10%) using the Palmgren–Miner law. This prediction agreed with the experiment’s observation, demonstrating the approach’s reliability. The general S-N function could be used for the design and failure analysis of rail vehicle suspensions, providing reassurance in the design process.
The Association of New Onset Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation and Abnormal P-Terminal Force in Lead V1 After On-Pump Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Gander Mirjana , Kochanska-Bieri Joanna , Kamber Firmin , Berdajs Denis , Santer David , Bolliger Daniel , Mauermann Eckhard 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after cardiac surgery is associated with higher morbidity and mortality. This paper presents several studies that conclude the presence of an aberrant p-terminal force vector in lead V1 (PTFV1) has been identified as a significant predictor of atrial fibrillation in the non-surgical population. It is uncertain whether or not there is an association of PTFV1 and new-onset POAF in patients after cardiac surgery. Methods: In this secondary analysis, adult patients undergoing on-pump cardiac surgery for aortocoronary bypasses, valve surgery, combined bypass, and valve surgery were analyzed from 12/2018 to 08/2020. Patients who had a previous occurrence of atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter, patients with pacemakers and/or Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators (ICDs), and those who did not have an electrocardiogram (ECG) performed within the 3 months before surgery were excluded. In addition, ECGs that were considered to be of low quality were also removed. Preoperative 12-lead ECGs were examined and the PTFV1 was measured. Secondarily, we examined the P-wave length in lead II, the area under the P-wave in lead II, PR interval, and QRS duration in lead V1 and II. The occurrence of POAF was extracted from the hospital record. Results: Out of a total of 252 patients, 62 patients (24.6%) developed new onset POAF during their hospital stay. POAF occurred primarily in older patients, with poor renal function, and exhibited larger left atria. Analysis of ORs (odds ratios) revealed that age, creatinine clearance, valve surgery, and left atrial volume index (LAVI) were associated with POAF. In the context of the multivariable analysis, it was demonstrated that only age presented a significant correlation with postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF). There was no observed relationship between any of the parameters based on ECG and the occurrence of POAF. Conclusion: No association was found between PTFV1 or other ECG-based measurements and new onset POAF in cardiac surgery patients. Age was the only independent predictor of POAF.
Engaging parents during the COVID-19 pandemic: Transitioning to a virtual world for infant-toddler court teams
Authors: Adeeb Jacqueline , Harris Sarah , Domanico Rose , Casanueva Cecilia , Fraser Jenifer Goldman , Huddleston Janie 
Published: February 2025

Summary The COVID-19 pandemic required a shift in how programs delivered necessary services to clients. Infant-Toddler Court Teams (ITCT) in multiple states had to transition their services from face-to-face to virtual platforms. Implementation of a new ITCT during the first year of COVID-19 was also launched via a virtual platform. This article details process evaluation interviews for these ITCTs and describes the many advantages and disadvantages of moving to a virtual environment. Findings Advantages include reaching broader audiences, less travel, and fewer time commitments; disadvantages include lack of genuine engagement, “zoom fatigue,” and lack of parental understanding of the severity of their situation. Application This study uses in-depth analysis of qualitative data to discuss how the transition to a virtual environment impacted ITCTs and their implementation, the innovations programs developed to engage with parents and what tools they will continue to use after the pandemic.
Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy After Initiation of Automated Insulin Delivery System in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Karakus Kagan E. , Akturk Halis K. , Snell-Bergeon Janet K. , Shah Viral N. 
Published: February 2025

Background: To evaluate the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) after the initiation of automated insulin delivery (AID) systems in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methods: In this longitudinal study with 152 adults, retinal exams and clinical variables were collected before and after AID initiation up to 2.7 years. The DR worsening was defined as an increase in Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) scores or qualitative retinal exam. Results: A total of 152 adults with mean age of 42 years (57% female), 26 years of T1D duration, and mean baseline HbA1c of 7.6% (60 mmol/mol) were included in this analysis. Of 152 adults with T1D, 42 (28%) adults had DR worsening after AID initiation. After adjusting for age, diabetes duration, and sex, baseline HbA1c (odds ratio [OR] = 2.1 [1.34-3.04]) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) >100 mg/dL with HbA1c >8% (OR = 3.33 [1.12-9.91]) were associated with two- and three-fold increased risk for DR worsening, respectively. The decline of HbA1c with AID initiation between DR worsening and no-DR worsening groups was not significant (−0.38 ± 1.2% vs −0.47 ± 0.9%; P = .6). Conclusions: Higher baseline HbA1c with LDL-C >100 mg/dL may be associated with DR worsening after initiation of AID systems in T1D. Those with elevated HbA1c should get periodic ophthalmic examination after AID initiation to detect progression of DR. Prompt diagnosis may result in timely treatment.