bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the contribution of different groups of teeth to occlusion of patients with symptoms of temporomandibular disorders
Authors: Orczykowska M , Kojat P , Pihut M , Gronkiewicz K , Gala A 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to analyse the distribution of occlusal forces in the dental arches released during tooth clenching in patients with symptoms of temporomandibular disorders, and to analyse the age and gender structure of the patients in the study group and the control group.Materials and methodThe study was carried out on a group of 58 patients, of both genders, aged 18–40 years, with full dental arches, who presented for treatment at the Prosthodontics Clinic of the University Dental Clinic in Kraków due to symptoms of temporomandibular disorders. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group (study group) comprised 26 patients with painful temporomandibular disorders, while the second group (control group) comprised 32 patients without pain. The study only included patients over 18 years of age, with full dental arches with symptoms of temporomandibular disorders. All patients underwent a basic dental examination and a specialized functional examination of the masticatory organ. A T‐Scan III‐Novus instrument with electronic occlusal articulation paper was used to assess the distribution of occlusal contacts.ResultsIn the study, women (43) were a larger group than men (15). Statistically significant values for the percentage distribution of occlusal contacts were obtained in group of women in the study group on the right and left side, in the area of molars and premolars. In the analysis of the percentage distribution of occlusal contacts in both the study and control groups, it can be seen that the first molars (teeth 16 and 26) showed a larger percentage range of values than the other teeth. The smallest values can be observed on the second incisal teeth and on the canines.ConclusionsThe first molars are, in the majority of patients, the teeth on which the strongest occlusal contacts are generated. Excessive participation of incisal teeth in occlusion might influence the development of the pain form of TMD. In order to determine whether there is a correlation between an uneven distribution of occlusal contacts and TMD pain, studies on larger numbers of patients are needed. © 2024 Australian Dental Association.
Technostress: The impact of technology on Italian dermatologists' burnout
Authors: Picone Vincenzo , Patruno Cataldo , Greco Vincenzo , Spignese Alessia , Coronella Luigi , Napolitano Maddalena 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDermatologists' burnout is a growing phenomenon. During the last years, an important role on medical stress is played by the ever‐increasing use of common technological devices (smartphones, smartwatches, PCs and tablets). The aim of the study was to investigate whether digital technology use causes burnout among Italian dermatologists, using a survey conducted among a group of Italian dermatologists. The final sample contained 194 responses valid for analysis. A positive and significant relationship between technostress, assessed through Technostress Inventory and burnout, assessed through Maslach Burnout Inventory, among Italian dermatologists was found. Our data seems suggesting a close relationship between technostress and dermatologist burnout.
Causal Relationship Between Circulating Immune Cells and Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Yu Hailin , Hu Xianyang , Huang Xixi , Yin Tingxuan , Liu Lu , Yue Chaoyan , Du Meirong 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundRecurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is a serious and common complication of pregnancy caused by multiple factors. The etiology remains incompletely understood, but immunologic factors play important roles. Here, we aimed to evaluate whether circulating immune cells causally impacted RSA.MethodsIn this study, we conducted a comprehensive two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to determine the causal association between the 731 immunophenotypes of human peripheral blood lymphocytes and the number of spontaneous abortions as well as recurrent miscarriage. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess and minimize heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy. Reverse MR analysis was used to assess reverse causality.ResultsAfter Bonferroni‐correction, eight immunophenotypes were significantly associated with the number of spontaneous abortions: FSC‐A on CD4+ T cell (beta = −0.051, 95% CI = [−0.085, −0.017], P‐value = 0.004), CD8 on HLA DR+ CD8+ T cell (beta = −0.040, 95% CI = [−0.067, −0.014], P‐value = 0.003), HLA DR on CD33dim HLA DR+ CD11b− (beta = −0.021, 95% CI = [−0.036, −0.005], P‐value = 0.010), HLA DR+ T cell Absolute Count (beta = 0.022, 95% CI = [0.006, 0.037], P‐value = 0.008), HLA DR+ T cell % lymphocyte (beta = 0.026, 95% CI = [0.010, 0.041], P‐value = 0.001), HLA DR+ T cell % T cell (beta = 0.023, 95% CI = [0.007, 0.039], P‐value = 0.004), HLA DR+ CD4+ T cell % lymphocyte (beta = 0.034, 95% CI = [0.007, 0.060], P‐value = 0.012), and HLA DR on B cell (beta = 0.012, 95% CI = [0.003, 0.021], P‐value = 0.010). In addition, we identified two immunophenotypes associated with recurrent miscarriage: HLA DR on B cell (OR = 0.854, 95% CI = [0.757, 0.964], P‐value = 0.011), and CD19 on naive‐mature B cell (OR = 4.595, 95% CI = [1.674, 12.617], P‐value = 0.003). There was no evidence of heterogeneity, horizontal pleiotropy and reverse causality.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated a tight link between adaptive immune cells and RSA through genetic means, thus providing potential therapeutic targets or novel diagnostic biomarkers.
SOMANZ position statement for the investigation and management of sepsis in pregnancy 2023
Authors: Bowyer Lucy , Cutts Briony A. , Barrett Helen L. , Bein Kendall , Crozier Timothy M. , Gehlert Jessica , Giles Michelle L. , Hocking Jennifer , Lowe Sandra , Lust Karin , Makris Angela , Morton Mark R. , Pidgeon Tara , Said Joanne , Tanner Helen L. , Wilkinson Lucille , Wong Maggie 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundThe Society of Australia and New Zealand (SOMANZ) published its first sepsis in pregnancy and the postpartum period guideline in 2017 (Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol, 57, 2017, 540). In the intervening 6 years, maternal mortality from sepsis has remained static.AimsTo update clinical practice with a review of the subsequent literature. In particular, to review the definition and screening tools for the diagnosis of sepsis.Materials and MethodsA multi‐disciplinary group of clinicians with experience in all aspects of the care of pregnant women analysed the clinical evidence according to the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) system following searches of Cochrane, Medline and EMBASE. Where there were conflicting views, the authors reviewed the topic and came to a consensus. All authors reviewed the final position statement.ResultsThis position statement has abandoned the use of the quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (qSOFA) score to diagnose sepsis due to its poor performance in clinical practice. Whilst New Zealand has a national maternity observation chart, in Australia maternity early warning system charts and vital sign cut‐offs differ between states. Rapid recognition, early antimicrobials and involvement of senior staff remain essential factors to improving outcomes.ConclusionOngoing research is required to discover and validate tools to recognize and diagnose sepsis in pregnancy. Australia should follow New Zealand and have a single national maternity early warning system observation chart.
Physical activity and circulating inflammatory markers and cytokines during pregnancy: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Dhar Poshmaal , Sominsky Luba , O'Hely Martin , Dawson Samantha , Collier Fiona , Tang Mimi L. K. , Mansell Toby , Burgner David , Smith Craig , Hyde Natalie , Downing Katherine , Hesketh Kylie D. , Ponsonby Anne‐Louise , Vuillermin Peter ,   the Barwon Infant Study Investigator Group
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionPhysical activity (PA) during pregnancy has numerous benefits, which may be mediated via effects on the immune system. However, supportive evidence is inconsistent and is mainly from studies in high‐risk groups. We estimated the effect of PA during pregnancy on systemic inflammatory markers and cytokines in mothers recruited in the Barwon infant study.Material and MethodsThe Barwon infant study is a prebirth cohort of 1064 mothers recruited in the Barwon Region of Victoria, Australia. Participants reported their previous week's PA at their 28‐week antenatal appointment using the International PA Questionnaire. Women were grouped into low, moderate, and high PA categories based on daily duration and weekly frequency of walking, moderate‐ or vigorous‐intensity PA. Women reporting moderate levels of PA, consistent with current recommendations, served as the comparison group. Markers of systemic inflammation, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP), glycoprotein acetyls (GlycA), and 17 cytokines were measured at 28 weeks gestation and log transformed as appropriate. Regression analyses adjusted for maternal smoking, gestational diabetes mellitus, prepregnancy BMI, and household size were performed.ResultsCompared to women in the moderate group (n = 371, 42%), women reporting low PA (n = 436, 50%) had 10.1% higher hsCRP (95% CI (3.7% to 16.6%), p < 0.01) while women in high PA (n = 76, 9%) had a 14% higher hsCRP (95% CI (3.1% to 24.8%), p = 0.01). Women in the high PA category had higher interleukin (IL)‐4 (q = 0.03) and IL‐9 (q = 0.03) levels compared to those in moderate category. Each vigorous MET minute/week was associated with lower GlycA (β = −0.004, 95% CI (−0.044 to 0.035); p = 0.03).ConclusionsLow and high PA are each associated with higher hsCRP than moderate PA, suggesting that undertaking the recommended moderate PA during pregnancy decreases systemic inflammation. High PA affects T cell‐associated cytokines during pregnancy. Evidence from our study suggests that PA can modulate the immune responses during pregnancy. Studies are now required to assess whether PA during pregnancy impacts maternal and infant clinical outcomes by modifying inflammatory responses.
Cost effectiveness of commercial portable ex vivo lung perfusion at a low‐volume US lung transplant center
Authors: Kent Johnathan , Nordgren Rachel , Ahn Daniel , Lysandrou Maria , Diaz Ashley , Fenton David , Wignakumar Thirushan , McMeekin Nicola , Salerno Christopher , Donington Jessica , Madariaga Maria Lucia L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundPortable ex vivo lung perfusion during lung transplantation is a resource‐intensive technology. In light of its increasing use, we evaluated the cost‐effectiveness of ex vivo lung perfusion at a low‐volume lung transplant center in the USA.MethodsPatients listed for lung transplantation (2015–2021) in the United Network for Organ Sharing database were included. Quality‐of‐life was approximated by Karnofsky Performance Status scores 1‐year post‐transplant. Total transplantation encounter and 1‐year follow‐up costs accrued by our academic center for patients listed from 2018 to 2021 were obtained. Cost‐effectiveness was calculated by evaluating the number of patients attaining various Karnofsky scores relative to cost.ResultsOf the 13 930 adult patients who underwent lung transplant in the United Network for Organ Sharing database, 13 477 (96.7%) used static cold storage and 453 (3.3%) used ex vivo lung perfusion, compared to 30/58 (51.7%) and 28/58 (48.3%), respectively, at our center. Compared to static cold storage, median total costs at 1 year were higher for ex vivo lung perfusion ($918 000 vs. $516 000; p = 0.007) along with the cost of living 1 year with a Karnofsky functional status of 100 after transplant ($1 290 000 vs. $841 000). In simulated scenarios, each Karnofsky‐adjusted life year gained by ex vivo lung perfusion was 1.00–1.72 times more expensive.ConclusionsPortable ex vivo lung perfusion is not currently cost‐effective at a low‐volume transplant centers in the USA, being 1.53 times more expensive per Karnofsky‐adjusted life year. Improving donor lung and/or recipient biology during ex vivo lung perfusion may improve its utility for routine transplantation.
Are alternative variables in a set differently associated with a target variable? Statistical tests and practical advice for dealing with dependent correlations
Authors: García‐Pérez Miguel A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe analysis of multiple bivariate correlations is often carried out by conducting simple tests to check whether each of them is significantly different from zero. In addition, pairwise differences are often judged by eye or by comparing the p‐values of the individual tests of significance despite the existence of statistical tests for differences between correlations. This paper uses simulation methods to assess the accuracy (empirical Type I error rate), power, and robustness of 10 tests designed to check the significance of the difference between two dependent correlations with overlapping variables (i.e., the correlation between X1 and Y and the correlation between X2 and Y). Five of the tests turned out to be inadvisable because their empirical Type I error rates under normality differ greatly from the nominal alpha level of .05 either across the board or within certain sub‐ranges of the parameter space. The remaining five tests were acceptable and their merits were similar in terms of all comparison criteria, although none of them was robust across all forms of non‐normality explored in the study. Practical recommendations are given for the choice of a statistical test to compare dependent correlations with overlapping variables.
Prognostic Value of APACHE IV Score in Patients Bridged to Heart Transplantation on ECMO
Authors: Lechiancole Andrea , Russo Claudio F. , Olivieri Guido M. , Maccherini Massimo , Valente Serafina , Pacini Davide , Suarez Sofia Martin , Boffini Massimo , Marro Matteo , Pelenghi Stefano , Totaro Pasquale , Isola Miriam , Martino Maria De , Bortolotti Uberto , Livi Ugolino , Vendramin Igor 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundMethods for risk stratification of candidates for heart transplantation (HTx) supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are limited. We evaluated the reliability of the APACHE IV score to identify the risk of mortality in this patient subset in a multicenter study.MethodsBetween January 2010 and December 2022, 167 consecutive ECMO patients were bridged to HTx; they were divided into two groups, according to a cutoff value of APACHE IV score, obtained by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for 90‐day mortality. Kaplan–Meier survival curves were plotted, and compared through the log‐Rank test. Cox regression model was used to estimate which factors were associated with survival.ResultsThe 90‐day mortality prediction of the APACHE IV score showed an area under the curve of 0.87 (95% CI: 0.80–0.94), with a cutoff value of 49 (specificity 91.7%–sensibility 69.6%). 125 patients (74.8%) showed an APACHE IV score value < 49 (Group A), and 42 (25.2%) ≥ 49 (Group B). 90‐day mortality was 11.2% in Group A and 76.2% in Group B (p < 0.01). Survival at 1 and 5 years was 85.5%, 77% versus 23.4%, 23.4% (p < 0.01) in Groups A and B. Mortality correlated at univariable analysis with recipient age, body mass index, mechanical ventilation, APACHE IV score, and platelets number. At multivariable analysis only APACHE IV score (HR: 1.07 [1.05–1.09, 95% CI]) independently affected survival.ConclusionsThe APACHE IV score represents a powerful predictor of survival in patients bridged to HTx on ECMO support, and could guide candidacy of patients on ECMO.
Quantitative evaluation of right ventricular myocardial function changes in patients with atrial septal defect before and after occlusion by noninvasive right ventricular pressure‐strain loop
Authors: Jiang Huanhuan , Ran Hongling , Xu Pan , Hu Jia , Xiahou Yu , Zhou Xiling , Liu Ming , Yuan Xinchun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe noninvasive right ventricular pressure‐strain loop (PSL) represents a novel method for the quantitative assessment of right ventricular myocardial function. Given that atrial septal defect (ASD) is a prevalent congenital heart anomaly associated with right ventricular volume overload, this study aimed to quantitatively assess the myocardial function of the right ventricle in ASD patients pre‐ and post‐occlusion by noninvasive right ventricular PSL.MethodsThis study included 36 patients diagnosed with secundum ASD group and 30 healthy adults (control group). We compared conventional right ventricular echocardiographic parameters, right ventricular strain, and myocardial work in the ASD group before occlusion, two days post‐occlusion, and three months post‐occlusion, with those in the control group.ResultsPrior to and two days following occlusion, the ASD group exhibited higher right ventricular global work index (RVGWI), right ventricular global wasted work (RVGWW), and right ventricular global constructive work (RVGCW) compared to the control group (P < .05). Within the ASD group, post‐occlusion, RVGWI, RVGCW, and RVGWW values were significantly reduced compared to pre‐occlusion values (P < .001). Furthermore, RVGWI and RVGCW showed a significant decrease three months after occlusion compared to two days post‐occlusion (P < .05). Multivariate regression analysis identified ASD diameter and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) as independent predictors of RVGWI (β = .405, P < .001; β = 2.307, P = .037) and RVGCW(β = .350, P<.001; β = 1.967, P = .023).ConclusionsThe noninvasive right ventricular PSL effectively demonstrates the alterations in right ventricular myocardial function in ASD patients, pre‐ and post‐occlusion. The metrics of right ventricular myocardial work (RVMW) offer a novel indicator for evaluating right ventricular myocardial function in these patients. Moreover, ASD diameter and PASP emerge as independent determinants of RVGWI and RVGCW.
“Saying ‘I'm not okay’ is extremely risky”: Postpartum mental health, delayed help‐seeking, and fears of the child welfare system among queer parents
Authors: Goldberg Abbie E. , Frost Reihonna L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractParent mental health challenges in the postpartum and early parenthood have profound implications for parent, child, and family well‐being. Little research has focused on postpartum mental health challenges and barriers to help‐seeking among queer birthing people, including members of this community who may be particularly vulnerable to mental health difficulties, such as queer cis women partnered with men, trans/nonbinary parents, and queer parents who are young, low‐income, and/or of color. This mixed‐methods study of queer parents (n = 99), all of whom were assigned female at birth (AFAB) and gave birth to a child within the past several years, explores parents' postpartum mental health difficulties and perceived barriers to seeking help. Using a structural stigma framework, this study found that participants reported high rates of postpartum mental health difficulties (89%) and reported various barriers to seeking support including fears of discrimination and being deemed “unfit” by providers, which might lead to child welfare system involvement. Young parents and low‐income parents were particularly fearful of child welfare system contact and potential child removal. Factors that encouraged help‐seeking (e.g., desire to be a good parent; partner pressure to seek help) and implications for family practitioners are discussed.
A framework for understanding climate change impacts through non‐compensatory intra‐ and interspecific climate change responses
Authors: Coblentz Kyle E. , Treidel Lisa A. , Biagioli Francis P. , Fragel Christina G. , Johnson Allison E. , Thilakarathne Dinelka D. , Yang Liuqingqing , DeLong John P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUnderstanding and predicting population responses to climate change is a crucial challenge. A key component of population responses to climate change are cases in which focal biological rates (e.g., population growth rates) change in response to climate change due to non‐compensatory effects of changes in the underlying components (e.g., birth and death rates) determining the focal rates. We refer to these responses as non‐compensatory climate change effects. As differential responses of biological rates to climate change have been documented in a variety of systems and arise at multiple levels of organization within and across species, non‐compensatory effects may be nearly ubiquitous. Yet, how non‐compensatory climate change responses combine and scale to influence the demographics of populations is often unclear and requires mapping them to the birth and death rates underlying population change. We provide a flexible framework for incorporating non‐compensatory changes in upstream rates within and among species and mapping their consequences for additional downstream rates across scales to their eventual effects on population growth rates. Throughout, we provide specific examples and potential applications of the framework. We hope this framework helps to enhance our understanding of and unify research on population responses to climate change.
Differences of morphological and physiological responses of sainfoin varieties/lines under simulated drought stresses
Authors: Yao Yuheng , Wang Kun , Nan Lili 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSainfoin (Onobrychis viciaefolia) is an important legume forage. This study aims to explore the response mechanisms of sainfoin germplasm resource accessions to drought stress, which provides the theoretical basis for tolerant breeding of sainfoin. In this study, 20 sainfoin germplasm resource accessions were used as the test materials, and the effects of drought stress on morphological and physiological characteristics were determined under simulated levels of drought (−0.5, −1.0, −1.5 and −2.0 MPa) × exposure times (7 days) in pots. The results showed that leaf area, leaf relative water content, root‐shoot ratio, root length, root surface area, root volume, root diameter, root tip number, chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content and catalase activity decreased with increasing drought stress. In contrast, proline, soluble sugar, soluble protein and malondialdehyde contents increased in response to drought. Root activity, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities increased first and then decreased and reached the maximum at −1.0 MPa. Cluster analysis showed that 20 sainfoin germplasm resources could be divided into three categories, of which four accessions were high tolerance types, and three accessions were low tolerance type. These findings will help provide some theoretical basis for cultivating new varieties.