bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nucleation‐Growth Mode of Cubic‐Tetragonal Transition with Coexistence of Phases over a Wide Temperature Interval in the High Temperature Ferroelectric Systems PbTiO3–BiMeO3:Me = Sc, and Zn1/2Ti1/2
Authors: Lalitha K. V.   , Das Shamiparna , Kalyani Ajay Kumar , Garg Rohini , Ranjan Rajeev 
Published: May 2012

Temperature dependent X‐ray powder diffraction and dielectric studies have been carried out on tetragonal compositions of (1−x)
PbTiO

3–(x)
BiMeO

3;
Me
=
Sc
and
Zn

1/2

Ti

1/2. The cubic and the tetragonal phases coexist over more than 100°C for 0.70
PbTiO

3–0.3
Bi
(
Zn

1/2

Ti

1/2)
O

3 and 0.66
PbTiO

3–0.34
BiScO

3. The wide temperature range of phase coexistence is shown to be an intrinsic feature of the system, and is attributed to the increase in the degree of the covalent character of the (
Pb
+
Bi
)–
O
bond with increasing concentration of
Bi
at the
Pb
‐site. The d‐values of the {111} planes of the coexisting phases are nearly identical, suggesting this plane to be the invariant plane for the martensitic type cubic‐tetragonal transformation occurring in these systems.
Association of HPV infections with second primary tumors in early‐staged oral cavity cancer
Authors: Huang S‐F , Li H‐F , Liao C‐T , Wang H‐M , Chen I‐H , Chang JT‐C , Chen Y‐J , Cheng A‐J 
Published: May 2012

Oral Diseases (2012) 18, 809–815Objective:  The infection of human papilloma virus (HPV) has been reported in head and neck cancer; however, the clinical significance of HPV infection on the pathogenesis of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is still uncertain.Materials and Methods:  The study recruited 103 patients with pathological early‐stage OSCC between March 1997 and December 2003 from Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan. Tumor specimens were HPV‐genotyped by the EasychipVR HPV Blot method. Clinical association study was performed by using chi‐square, Kaplan–Meier, and logrank tests.Results:  Thirty‐one patients (30.1%) were positive for HPV infection. The most frequent HPV types were types 16 (16 patients, 51.6%) and 18 (seven patients, 22.6%). HPV infection was not associated with tumor aggressiveness (pathological tumor stage or differentiation status), risk exposure (alcohol, cigarette, or areca quid chewing habit), or the treatment outcome (disease‐free survival or overall survival). However, infection with HPV‐18 was associated with the occurrence of a second primary cancers (P = 0.033), indicating the infection of HPV in OSCC enhances the susceptibility of developing secondary malignancy.Conclusions:  There are 30% of the patients with OSCC infected with HPV, with most high‐risk types. HPV‐18 infection may enhance the susceptibility of second primary tumors. Large scale of validation study will be needed to confirm this result.
Distinct biological activities of C3 and ADP‐ribosyltransferase‐deficient C3‐E174Q
Authors: Rohrbeck Astrid , Kolbe Tanja , Hagemann Sandra , Genth Harald , Just Ingo 
Published: May 2012

Low‐molecular‐weight GTP‐binding proteins of the Rho family control the organization of the actin cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells. Dramatic reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton is caused by the C3 exoenzyme derived from Clostridium botulinum (C3), based on ADP‐ribosylation of RhoA/B/C. In addition, wild‐type as well as ADP‐ribosyltransferase‐deficient C3‐E174Q induce axonal outgrowth of primary murine hippocampal neurons and prevent growth cone collapse, indicating a non‐enzymatic mode of action. In this study, we compared the effects of C3‐E174Q and wild‐type C3 in the murine hippocampal cell line HT22. Treatment of HT22 cells with C3 resulted in Rho ADP‐ribosylation and cell rounding. The ADP‐ribosyltransferase‐deficient mutant C3‐E174Q did not induce either Rho ADP‐ribosylation or morphological changes. C3 as well as C3‐E174Q treatment resulted in growth arrest, reduced expression of cyclin D levels, and increased expression of RhoB, a negative regulator of cell‐cycle progression. Serum starvation induced apoptosis in HT22 cells, as determined on the basis of increased expression of caspase‐9 and Bax. C3 but not C3‐E174Q protected serum‐starved HT22 cells from apoptosis. This is the first study separating ADP‐ribosyltransferase‐dependent from ADP‐ribosyltransferase‐independent effects of C3. While morphological changes and anti‐apoptotic activity strictly depend on ADP‐ribosyltransferase activity, the anti‐proliferative effects are independent of ADP‐ribosyltransferase activity.Structured digital abstract
Rhotekin physicallyinteracts with RHOA by pulldown (Viewinteraction)
Arabidopsis Acetyl‐Amido Synthetase GH3.5 Involvement in Camalexin Biosynthesis through Conjugation of Indole‐3‐Carboxylic Acid and Cysteine and Upregulation of Camalexin Biosynthesis GenesF
Authors: Wang Mu‐Yang , Liu Xue‐Ting , Chen Ying , Xu Xiao‐Jing , Yu Biao , Zhang Shu‐Qun , Li Qun , He Zu‐Hua 
Published: May 2012

AbstractCamalexin (3‐thiazol‐2′‐yl‐indole) is the major phytoalexin found in Arabidopsis thaliana. Several key intermediates and corresponding enzymes have been identified in camalexin biosynthesis through mutant screening and biochemical experiments. Camalexin is formed when indole‐3‐acetonitrile (IAN) is catalyzed by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase CYP71A13. Here, we demonstrate that the Arabidopsis GH3.5 protein, a multifunctional acetyl‐amido synthetase, is involved in camalexin biosynthesis via conjugating indole‐3‐carboxylic acid (ICA) and cysteine (Cys) and regulating camalexin biosynthesis genes. Camalexin levels were increased in the activation‐tagged mutant gh3.5–1D in both Col‐0 and cyp71A13–2 mutant backgrounds after pathogen infection. The recombinant GH3.5 protein catalyzed the conjugation of ICA and Cys to form a possible intermediate indole‐3‐acyl‐cysteinate (ICA(Cys)) in vitro. In support of the in vitro reaction, feeding with ICA and Cys increased camalexin levels in Col‐0 and gh3.5–1D. Dihydrocamalexic acid (DHCA), the precursor of camalexin and the substrate for PAD3, was accumulated in gh3.5–1D/pad3–1, suggesting that ICA(Cys) could be an additional precursor of DHCA for camalexin biosynthesis. Furthermore, expression of the major camalexin biosynthesis genes CYP79B2, CYP71A12, CYP71A13 and PAD3 was strongly induced in gh3.5–1D. Our study suggests that GH3.5 is involved in camalexin biosynthesis through direct catalyzation of the formation of ICA(Cys), and upregulation of the major biosynthetic pathway genes.
Floor of mouth carcinoma: Surgery still the dominant mode of treatment
Authors: Smee Robert I , Broadley Kathryn , Bridger G Patrick , Williams Janet 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIntroduction: To evaluate the care and outcomes for patients presenting with floor of mouth (FOM) cancers.Methods: In this Ethics‐approved audit, all eligible patients were evaluated with eligibility defined as having a squamous cell carcinoma originating in the FOM. Patient, disease and treatment factors were defined. Primary end points were ultimate local/regional control and cancer‐specific survival. These were analysed according to the Kaplan‐Meier method. The log‐rank test was used to determine statistical significance between survival curves. Multivariate analysis was conducted using Cox regression.Results: A total of 157 patients were eligible for analysis, 76% males and 24% females, with 38 (24%) having a prior diagnosis of cancer. Surgery was performed in 126 patients (54 with pre/postoperative radiotherapy), radiotherapy only in 30 patients and chemotherapy only in 1 patient. Surgery had the best local control (85%), with 23/30 (77%) patients having radiotherapy failing locally. Ultimate regional control was achieved in 89% of patients, while new primaries occurred in 45 (29%)Conclusions: Surgery remains an essential component of the treatment of patients with FOM cancers, with a high likelihood of other cancers developing.
Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Video‐Urodynamic Characteristics of Women with Clinically Unsuspected Bladder Outlet Obstruction
Authors: CHUANG Fei‐Chi , HUANG Kuan‐Hui , KUO Hann‐Chorng 
Published: May 2012

Objective: To analyze the lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and video‐urodynamic characteristics of women with clinically unsuspected bladder outlet obstruction (BOO).Methods: From 1997 to 2010, a total of 1605 women with bothersome LUTS received video‐urodynamic study in our unit. We reviewed the charts of 212 women diagnosed with BOO based on video‐urodynamic criteria and 264 women without abnormal findings. LUTS and urodynamic parameters were compared between obstructed and unobstructed cases and among the BOO subgroups.Results: The mean ages of the BOO (58.2 years) and control groups (58.8 years) were similar. The mean values of detrusor pressure at maximum urinary flow rate (PdetQmax)/maximum flow rate (Qmax) of the BOO and control groups were 51.83 cm H2O/10.22 mL/s versus 18.81 cm H2O/20.52 mL/s. In the BOO group, cinefluoroscopy revealed dysfunctional voiding in 168 patients (79.2%), urethral stricture in 17 (8.0%), and bladder neck dysfunction in 27 (12.7%). Patients with dysfunctional voiding had significantly lower urethral resistance compared with the other two BOO subgroups. Combined lower urinary tract symptoms were present most often in all BOO patients (69.3%), followed by isolated storage symptoms (30.2%) and isolated voiding symptoms (0.5%). Seventy‐seven patients (37.3%) had dysuria and 79 patients (36.3%) had frequency as their main symptom.Conclusion: Women with BOO usually have nonspecific LUTS. Dysfunctional voiding was the most common form among women with clinically unsuspected BOO, but the degree of obstruction was less severe than with primary bladder neck obstruction and urethral stricture.
Compassionate medicine-use programmes in Turkey: a report on current status
Authors: Vural Elif H. , Kockaya Guvenc , Tanyeri Pelin , Babacan Salih , Vural İ. Mert , Akbulat Akif , Artıran Güven , Akar Halil , Tokaç Mahmut , Kerman Saim 
Published: May 2012

Abstract

Objective
In Turkey, compassionate use (CU) programmes were started in 2006. Patients suffering from a serious or urgent life-threatening disease, who have not responded to currently licensed and available medicinal products, who have not been enrolled in related clinical studies and who need access to products that are unlicensed in Turkey, but which are licensed/not licensed in other countries, can apply to CU programmes. These were described with the last guidelines of the Compassionate Use For Humanity Program in 2009.

Methods
We sought to find out how many programmes have been launched, which disease areas and medicines are common in the programmes and how many patients were included in CU programmes in Turkey. A computer search was performed in the General Directorate of Pharmaceuticals and Pharmacy database.

Key findings
The first programme was launched in 2006. Forty-two different CU programmes have been launched, 26 different compounds have been used in CU programmes and 1247 patients have been included in CU programmes since they began in Turkey. This means that 1247 patients, mostly with oncology-related conditions, were treated without any government funding between 2006 and 2011.

Conclusion
CU programmes are becoming more important for Turkish patients who suffer from life-threatening diseases for which no alternative authorized treatment exists. CU programmes can give options to patients, physicians and even the government for treating life-threatening diseases. Health authorities and reimbursement agencies may support the opening of new CU programmes.
Does an increase in non-antihypertensive pill burden reduce adherence with antihypertensive drug therapy?
Authors: Zuckerman Ilene H. , Sato Masayo , Rattinger Gail B. , Zacker Christopher , Stuart Bruce 
Published: May 2012

Abstract

Objectives
Hypertensive patients often are prescribed multiple medications for their hypertension as well as for other chronic conditions. Poor adherence has been both positively and negatively associated with increasing numbers of medications or required daily doses. We sought to determine whether adherence with antihypertensive drugs changes in response to a change in non-antihypertensive pill burden.

Methods
This retrospective cohort analysis used 2006–2007 US MarketScan Medicare Supplemental and Coordination of Benefits administrative data. The study sample comprised 471 359 beneficiaries diagnosed with hypertension. We measured monthly proportion of days covered (PDC) with antihypertensive medications and average number of daily doses with non-antihypertensive drugs (pill burden). We assessed the effect of changes in pill burden on subsequent changes in antihypertensive PDC using difference equations with sensitivity tests for the sign and magnitude of monthly change in pill burden and the presence of physician visits.

Key findings
Changes in monthly non-antihypertensive pill burden had essentially no impact on antihypertensive adherence rates for Medicare beneficiaries in retiree health plans. A monthly addition of one non-antihypertensive pill/day resulted in a statistically significant reduction in the following month's antihypertensive medication PDC of approximately one percentage point (−0.98). Similar results were obtained in a 3-month lag model (−0.88). These findings were insensitive to changes in model parameters.

Conclusions
while physicians should pay close attention to individual factors that may affect their patients' adherence to antihypertensive medications, our findings indicate that changes in medications used to treat concomitant diseases should have little short-term impact on antihypertensive adherence.
A three‐year retrospective study of emergency visits at an oral health clinic in south‐east Queensland
Authors: Wong NHY , Tran C , Pukallus M , Holcombe T , Seow WK 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBackground:  There is little information available regarding dental emergencies for children in Australia. The aim of this study was to investigate the reasons for dental emergency cases which were treated at a public oral health clinic in a low socioeconomic district in south‐east Queensland.Methods:  From a register kept at a public oral health clinic, we analysed the monthly number of emergency visits for children over a three‐year period (January 2008 to August 2010) with respect to numbers treated, reasons for presentation and types of treatment rendered.Results:  During the period 2008–2010, there was a mean of 196 ± 86 cases presenting for emergency care each month. The proportions of the various types of emergencies remained fairly consistent over the three‐year period, with the majority presenting for caries related problems (74–75%), followed by trauma (8–9%), orthodontic treatment related (2–5%) and other reasons (16–11%). Between 8–11% of cases were preschool children who were added to the waitlist for treatment for caries under general anaesthesia at the public hospital.Conclusions:  Trends in the past three years at a public oral health clinic in a low socioeconomic district in south‐east Queensland show that dental caries constitute nearly three‐quarters of all paediatric emergency appointments.
Standardized assessment of new electromagnetic field generators in an interventional radiology setting
Authors: Maier‐Hein L. , Franz A. M. , Birkfellner W. , Hummel J. , Gergel I. , Wegner I. , Meinzer H.‐P. 
Published: May 2012

Purpose:Two of the main challenges associated with electromagnetic (EM) tracking in computer‐assisted interventions (CAIs) are (1) the compensation of systematic distance errors arising from the influence of metal near the field generator (FG) or the tracked sensor and (2) the optimized setup of the FG to maximize tracking accuracy in the area of interest. Recently, two new FGs addressing these issues were proposed for the well‐established Aurora® tracking system [Northern Digital, Inc. (NDI), Waterloo, Canada]: the Tabletop 50–70 FG, a planar transmitter with a built‐in shield that compensates for metal distortions emanating from treatment tables, and the prototypical Compact FG 7–10, a mobile generator designed to be attached to mobile imaging devices. The purpose of this paper was to assess the accuracy and precision of these new FGs in an interventional radiology setting.Methods:A standardized assessment protocol, which uses a precisely machined base plate to measure relative error in position and orientation, was applied to the two new FGs as well as to the well‐established standard Aurora® Planar FG. The experiments were performed in two different settings: a reference laboratory environment and a computed tomography (CT) scanning room. In each setting, the protocol was applied to three different poses of the measurement plate within the tracking volume of the three FGs.Results:The two new FGs provided higher precision and accuracy within their respective measurement volumes as well as higher robustness with respect to the CT scanner compared to the established FG. Considering all possible 5 cm distances on the grid, the error of thePlanar FG was increased by a factor of 5.94 in the clinical environment (4.4 mm) in comparison to the error in the laboratory environment (0.8 mm). In contrast, the mean values for the two new FGs were all below 1 mm with an increase in the error by factors of only 2.94 (Reference: 0.3 mm; CT: 0.9 mm) and 1.04 (both: 0.5 mm) in the case of the Tabletop FG and the Compact FG, respectively.Conclusions:Due to their high accuracy and robustness, theTabletop FG and the Compact FG could eliminate the need for compensation of EM field distortions in certain CT‐guided interventions.
Complete Genome Sequence of Streptococcus pneumoniae Strain ST556, a Multidrug-Resistant Isolate from an Otitis Media Patient
Authors: Li Guiling , Hu Fen Z. , Yang Xianwei , Cui Yujun , Yang Jun , Qu Fen , Gao George F. , Zhang Jing-Ren 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

Streptococcus pneumoniae
is a major pathogen causing bacterial infection in the middle ear of humans. We previously used
S. pneumoniae
strain ST556, a low-passage 19F isolate from an otitis media patient, to perform a whole-genome screen for ear infection-associated genes in a chinchilla model. This report presents the complete genome sequence of ST556. The genome sequence will provide information complementary to the experimental data from our genetic study of this strain.
Complete Genome Sequence of Riemerella anatipestifer Reference Strain
Authors: Wang Xiaojia , Zhu DeKang , Wang MingShu , Cheng AnChun , Jia RenYong , Zhou Yi , Chen Zhengli , Luo QiHui , Liu Fei , Wang Yin , Chen Xiao Yue 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

Riemerella anatipestifer
is an infectious pathogen causing serositis in ducks. We had the genome of the
R. anatipestifer
reference strain ATCC 11845 sequenced. The completed draft genome consists of one circular chromosome with 2,164,087 bp. There are 2,101 genes in the draft, and its GC content is 35.01%.
Complete Genome Sequence of Francisella philomiragia ATCC 25017
Authors: Zeytun Ahmet , Malfatti Stephanie A. , Vergez Lisa M. , Shin Maria , Garcia Emilio , Chain Patrick S. G. 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

Francisella philomiragia
is a saprophytic gammaproteobacterium found only occasionally in immunocompromised individuals and is the nearest neighbor to the causative agent of tularemia and category A select agent
Francisella tularensis
. To shed insight into the key genetic differences and the evolution of these two distinct lineages, we sequenced the first complete genome of
F. philomiragia
strain ATCC 25017, which was isolated as a free-living microorganism from water in Bear River Refuge, Utah.
Complete Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium xenopi Type Strain RIVM700367
Authors: Abdallah Abdallah M. , Rashid Mamoon , Adroub Sabir A. , Elabdalaoui Hafida , Ali Shahjahan , van Soolingen Dick , Bitter Wilbert , Pain Arnab 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

Mycobacterium xenopi
is a slow-growing, thermophilic, water-related
Mycobacterium
species. Like other nontuberculous mycobacteria,
M. xenopi
more commonly infects humans with altered immune function, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. It is considered clinically relevant in a significant proportion of the patients from whom it is isolated. We report here the whole genome sequence of
M. xenopi
type strain RIVM700367.
The Draft Genome Sequence of Corynebacterium diphtheriae bv. mitis NCTC 3529 Reveals Significant Diversity between the Primary Disease-Causing Biovars
Authors: Sangal Vartul , Tucker Nicholas P. , Burkovski Andreas , Hoskisson Paul A. 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

We report the draft genome of the human pathogen
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
bv. mitis NCTC 3529. This is the first
C. diphtheriae
bv. mitis strain to be sequenced and reveals significant differences from the other primary biovar,
C. diphtheriae
bv. gravis.
A cross-sectional survey of attitudes to HIV risk and rapid HIV testing among clients of sex workers in Switzerland
Authors: Darling Katharine E A , Diserens Esther-Amélie , N'Garambe Chantal , Ansermet-Pagot Anne , Masserey Eric , Cavassini Matthias , Bodenmann Patrick 
Published: May 2012

ObjectivesTo assess attitudes to HIV risk and acceptability of rapid HIV testing among clients of street-based female sex workers (FSW) in Lausanne, Switzerland, where HIV prevalence in the general population is 0.4%.MethodsThe authors conducted a cross-sectional study in the red light district of Lausanne for five nights in September of 2008, 2009 and 2010. Clients of FSW were invited to complete a questionnaire in the street assessing demographic characteristics, attitudes to HIV risk and HIV testing history. All clients interviewed were then offered anonymous finger stick rapid HIV testing in a van parked on-site.ResultsThe authors interviewed 112, 127 and 79 clients in 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively. All were men, average age 32–37 years old; 40–60% were in a stable relationship. History of unprotected sex was higher with non-commercial partners (33–50%) than with FSW (6–11%); 29–46% of clients had never undergone an HIV test. Anonymous rapid HIV testing was accepted by 45–50% of clients. Out of 109 HIV tests conducted during the three study periods, none was reactive.ConclusionsOn-site HIV counselling and testing is acceptable among clients of FSW in this urban setting. These individuals represent an unquantified population, a proportion of which has an incomplete understanding of HIV risk in the face of high-risk behaviour, with implications for potential onward transmission to non-commercial sexual partners.