bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatic Stellate Cells Function as Regulatory Bystanders
Authors: Ichikawa Shintaro , Mucida Daniel , Tyznik Aaron J. , Kronenberg Mitchell , Cheroutre Hilde 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) contribute significantly to the tolerogenic nature of the liver. The mechanisms, however, underlying liver-associated Treg induction are still elusive. We recently identified the vitamin A metabolite, retinoic acid (RA), as a key controller that promotes TGF-β–dependent Foxp3+ Treg induction but inhibits TGF-β–driven Th17 differentiation. To investigate whether the RA producing hepatic stellate cells (HSC) are part of the liver tolerance mechanism, we investigated the ability of HSC to function as regulatory APC. Different from previous reports, we found that highly purified HSC did not express costimulatory molecules and only upregulated MHC class II after in vitro culture in the presence of exogenous IFN-γ. Consistent with an insufficient APC function, HSC failed to stimulate naive OT-II TCR transgenic CD4+T cells and only moderately stimulated α-galactosylceramide–primed invariant NKT cells. In contrast, HSC functioned as regulatory bystanders and promoted enhanced Foxp3 induction by OT-II TCR transgenic T cells primed by spleen dendritic cells, whereas they greatly inhibited the Th17 differentiation. Furthermore, the regulatory bystander capacity of the HSC was completely dependent on their ability to produce RA. Our data thus suggest that HSC can function as regulatory bystanders, and therefore, by promoting Tregs and suppressing Th17 differentiation, they might represent key players in the mechanism that drives liver-induced tolerance.
Biodegradable poly(glycolic acid) nanofiber prepared by CO2 laser supersonic drawing
Authors: Suzuki Akihiro , Shimizu Rio 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBiodegradable Poly(glycolic acid) (PGA) nanofibers were prepared by irradiating a PGA fiber with radiation from a carbon dioxide (CO2) laser while drawing it at supersonic velocities and was collected as a nonwoven. A supersonic jet was generated by blowing air into a vacuum chamber through the fiber injection orifice. The flow velocity from the orifice was estimated by computer simulation; the fastest flow velocity was calculated to be 401 m s−1 at a chamber pressure of 6 kPa. A nanofiber obtained using a laser power of 10 W and a chamber pressure of 6 kPa had an average diameter of 359 nm and a draw ratio of about 77,600. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Anatomy of the failure rate: A mathematical dissection
Authors: Singpurwalla Nozer D. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe failure rate function is one of the most commonly used notion in reliability engineering and in survival analysis. The purpose of this expository paper is to point out some mathematical issues connected with this notion, a consequence of which is that under certain circumstances the famous exponentiation formula overestimates the probability of survival. To demonstrate this we point out a scenario that results in Volterra's product integrals, instead of the usual Lebesgue integral for which the exponentiation formula is exact. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Altered substrate specificity of the gluco‐oligosaccharide oxidase from Acremonium strictum
Authors: Foumani Maryam , Vuong Thu V. , Master Emma R. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA gluco‐oligosaccharide oxidase (GOOX) from Acremonium strictum type strain CBS 346.70 was cloned and expressed in Pichia pastoris. The recombinant protein, GOOX‐VN, contained fifteen amino acid substitutions compared with the previously reported A. strictum GOOX. These two enzymes share 97% sequence identity; however, only GOOX‐VN oxidized xylose, galactose, and N‐acetylglucosamine. Besides monosaccharides, GOOX‐VN oxidized xylo‐oligosaccharides, including xylobiose and xylotriose with similar catalytic efficiency as for cello‐oligosaccharides. Of three mutant enzymes that were created in GOOX‐VN to improve substrate specificity, Y300A and Y300N doubled kcat values for monosaccharide and oligosaccharide substrates. With this novel substrate specificity, GOOX‐VN and its variants are particularly valuable for oxidative modification of cello‐ and xylo‐oligosaccharides. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011;108: 2261–2269. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Removal and recovery of furfural, 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural, and acetic acid from aqueous solutions using a soluble polyelectrolyte
Authors: Carter Brian , Gilcrease Patrick C. , Menkhaus Todd J. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn the cellulosic ethanol process, furfural, 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), and acetic acid are formed during the high temperature acidic pretreatment step needed to convert biomass into fermentable sugars. These compounds can inhibit cellulase enzymes and fermentation organisms at relatively low concentrations (≥1 g/L). Effective removal of these inhibitory compounds would allow the use of more severe pretreatment conditions to improve sugar yields and lead to more efficient fermentations; if recovered and purified, they could also be sold as valuable by‐products. This study investigated the separation of aldhehydes (furfural and HMF) and organic acid (acetic acid) inhibitory compounds from simple aqueous solutions by using polyethyleneimene (PEI), a soluble cationic polyelectrolyte. PEI added to simple solutions of each inhibitor at a ratio of 1 mol of functional group to 1 mol inhibitor removed up to 89.1, 58.6, and 81.5 wt% of acetic acid, HMF, and furfural, respectively. Furfural and HMF were recovered after removal by washing the polyelectrolyte/inhibitor complex with dilute sulfuric acid solution. Recoveries up to 81.0 and 97.0 wt% were achieved for furfural and HMF, respectively. The interaction between PEI and acetic acid was easily disrupted by the addition of chloride ions, sulfate ions, or hydroxide ions. The use of soluble polymers for the removal and recovery of inhibitory compounds from biomass slurries is a promising approach to enhance the efficiency and economics of an envisioned biorefinery. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011;108:2046–2052. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of miR‐541 on neurite outgrowth during neuronal differentiation
Authors: Zhang Jun , Zhang Jing , Liu Li‐hong , Zhou Yang , Li Yi‐ping , Shao Zhi‐hua , Wu You‐jun , Li Meng‐jie , Fan Ying‐ying , Shi Hong‐jun 
Published: March 2011

AbstractMicroRNA (miRNAs) are short non‐coding RNA molecules that downregulate gene expression at post‐transcriptional level. miRNAs are post‐transcriptional regulators of gene expression important for neuron development and function. This report demonstrated that a putative and chemically synthesized miRNA rno‐mir‐541 played an important role in the neuron development. Differentiation of PC12 cells with nerve growth factor (NGF) is associated with neurite outgrowth, a process that involves upregulation of Synapsin I. We predicted, detected and assessed the expression levels of a number of possible miRNAs for synapsin I in rats and our outcomes showed that rno‐mir‐541 was associated with rat synapsin I expression. miR‐541, a brain specific miRNA, plays an important role in repressing neurite extension in cultured PC12 neurons. The neurites of PC12 cells was shortened drasticly as a result of the overexpression of rno‐mir‐541. In contrast, the neurites of PC12 cell developed well after the knockdown of rno‐mir‐541 by RNA interference. Our study showed that rno‐mir‐541 played an important role in neuron‐cell proliferation and neurite outgrowth through suppressing the expression of its target gene synapsin I. Furthermore, the introduction of NGF causes downregulation of miR‐541, de‐repression of its target, Synapsin‐I and allows for neuritogenesis. Thus, miR‐541 functions in neuronal precursors as an endogenous conditional component between NGF and Synapsin‐I. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhancing β3‐Peptide Bundle Stability by Design
Authors: Craig Cody J. , Goodman Jessica L. , Schepartz Alanna 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWe reported recently that certain β3‐peptides self‐assemble in aqueous solution into discrete bundles of unique structure and defined stoichiometry. The first β‐peptide bundle reported was the octameric Zwit‐1F, whose fold is characterized by a well‐packed, leucine‐rich core and a salt‐bridge‐rich surface. Close inspection of the Zwit‐1F structure revealed four nonideal interhelical salt‐bridge interactions whose heavy atom–heavy atom distances were longer than found in natural proteins of known structure. Here we demonstrate that the thermodynamic stability of a β‐peptide bundle can be enhanced by optimizing the length of these four interhelical salt bridges. Combined with previous work on the role of internal packing residues, these results provide another critical step in the “bottom‐up” formation of β‐peptide assemblies with defined sizes, reproducible structures, and sophisticated function.
Stabilization of a Metabolic Enzyme by Library Selection in Thermus thermophilus
Authors: Schwab Thomas , Sterner Reinhard 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe anthranilate phosphoribosyl transferase from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus (sAnPRT, encoded by strpD), which catalyzes the third step in tryptophan biosynthesis, is a thermostable homodimer with low enzymatic activity at room temperature. We have combined two mutations leading to the monomerization and two mutations leading to the activation of sAnPRT. The resulting “activated monomer” sAnPRT‐I36E‐M47D+D83G‐F149S, which is much more labile than wild‐type sAnPRT, was stabilized by a combination of random mutagenesis and metabolic library selection using the extremely thermophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus as host. This approach led to the identification of five mutations that individually increased the thermal stability of sAnPRT‐I36E‐M47D+D83G‐F149S by 1 to 8 °C, and by 13 °C when combined. The beneficial exchanges were located in different parts of the protein structure, but none of them led to the “re‐dimerization” of the enzyme. We observed a negative correlation between thermal stability and catalytic activity of the mutants; this suggests that conformational flexibility is required for catalysis by sAnPRT.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of the Ag2SiS3 Compound.
Authors: Zhbankov O. , Fedorchuk A. , Kityk I. , Olekseyuk I. , Parasyuk O. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe title compound is synthesized by melting stoichiometric mixtures of the elements (quartz ampule, 1373 K, 6 h) followed by annealing at 673 K for 300 h.
ChemInform Abstract: Ca14Au46Sn5: A “Colored” Gd14Ag51‐Type Structure Containing Columns of Well‐Differentiated Hexagonal Gold Stars.
Authors: Lin Qisheng , Corbett John D. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractCa14Au46.67Sn4.14, Ca14Au45.79Sn4.94, and Ca14Au45.56Sn5.14 are synthesized by solid state reactions of the elements (850 °C, 24 h) and characterized by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Is Tl2Ni3S2 a Mixed Valent Compound? Crystal and Electronic Structure Investigations.
Authors: Bachhuber F. , Anusca I. , Rothballer J. , Pienlnhofer F. , Peter P. , Weihrich R. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe title compound is prepared from stoichiometric amounts of Tl2S2 and Ni (600 °C, 4 d) and characterized by single crystal XRD and DFT calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: The Effect of Strontium Deficiency in Pr0.6Sr0.4MnO3 Perovskite Manganites.
Authors: Koubaa W. Cheikhrouhou , Koubaa M. , Cheikhrouhou A. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe structural, magnetic, and magnetocaloric properties of Pr0.6Sr0.4‐δMnO3 (0 ≤ δ ≤ 0.2) are characterized by powder XRD and magnetic measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Property of a Novel Nickel‐Containing Tungstophosphate [Na3(H2O)8{Ni3(H2O) (B‐α‐PW9O34) (B‐β‐PW8O31)}2]21‐.
Authors: Chu Lili , Zhou Baibin , Wang Chunxiao , Zhao Zhifeng , Su Zhanhua , Yu Kai 
Published: March 2011

AbstractNa21 [Na3(H2O)8{Ni3(H2O) (PW9O34) (PW8O31)}2]·36H2O is synthesized from an aqueous solution of Na2WO4, Na2HPO4, NiCl2, HCl, and NaOH (pH 6—7, 80 °C, 2 h, 46% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Self‐Assembly of Supramolecular Networks Based on Biphosphopentamolybdate and Copper—Organic Units.
Authors: Su Zhanhua , Zhao Zhifeng , Zhou Baibin , Cai Qinghai , Wang Qun 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe crystal structures of compounds (III) and (IV) are characterized by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3‐Dibromo‐5,5‐dimethylhydantoin as an Efficient Homogeneous Catalyst for Synthesis of Benzoxazoles, Benzimidazoles, and Oxazolo[4,5‐b]pyridines.
Authors: Hojati Seyedeh Fatemeh , Maleki Behrooz , Beykzadeh Zahra 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe condensation of orthoesters (II) with substituted anilines (I) and (IV) or aminohydroxypyridine (VI) is performed in the presence of the title catalyst under solvent‐free conditions to afford the corresponding heterocycles in good to excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent Free Oxidation of Primary Alcohols and Diols Using Thymine Iron(III) Catalyst.
Authors: Al‐Hunaiti Afnan , Niemi Teemu , Sibaouih Ahlam , Pihko Petri , Leskelae Markku , Repo Timo 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAn efficient and selective Fe‐based system for the synthesis of carboxylic acids (II) from primary alcohols (I) and ketones (IV) from secondary alcohols (III) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: The Reaction of Cyclic Imines with the Ruppert—Prakash Reagent. Facile Approach to α‐Trifluoromethylated Nornicotine (IIIh), Anabasine (Vc), and Homoanabasine (Vf).
Authors: Shevchenko Nikolay E. , Vlasov Katja , Nenajdenko Valentine G. , Roeschenthaler Gerd‐Volker 
Published: March 2011

AbstractCyclic imines bearing α‐alkyl or (hetero)aryl groups are efficiently α‐trifluoromethylated.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Cascade N‐ and C(3)‐Dialkylation of Cyclic Amines with Alcohols Involving Hydrogen Autotransfer Processes.
Authors: Sundararaju Basker , Tang Zhou , Achard Mathieu , Sharma Gangavaram V. M. , Toupet Loic , Bruneau Christian 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPyrrolidine, piperidine, and azepane undergo the unprecedented title reaction with benzyl alcohols as well as an aliphatic alcohol in the presence of (p‐cymene)ruthenium(II) precatalyst RUT.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Coupling Reaction of α‐Diazocarbonyl Compounds with Aromatic Boronic Acids or Halides.
Authors: Peng Cheng , Yan Guobin , Wang Yan , Jiang Yubo , Zhang Yan , Wang Jianbo 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe title process allows the synthesis of various α‐aryl substituted α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Lithium Naphthalenide Induced Reductive Alkylation and Addition of Aryl‐ and Heteroaryl‐Substituted Dialkylacetonitriles.
Authors: Tsao Jing‐Po , Tsai Ting‐Yueh , Chen I‐Chia , Liu Hsing‐Jang , Zhu Jia‐Liang , Tsao Sheng‐Wei 
Published: March 2011

AbstractTreatment of trisubstituted acetonitriles with lithium naphthalenide results in a reductive decyanation.
ChemInform Abstract: Acetoxypalladation of Unactivated Alkynes and Capture with Alkenes to Give 1‐Acetoxy‐1,3‐dienes Taking Dioxygen as Terminal Oxidant.
Authors: Zhou Peng , Jiang Huanfeng , Huang Liangbin , Li Xianwei 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA new and general method for the synthesis of the title dienes using an acetoxy‐palladation/Heck cross‐coupling/β‐H elimination tandem process is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Domino Hydroformylation Without Syngas.
Authors: Cini Elena , Airiau Etienne , Girard Nicolas , Mann Andre , Salvadori Jessica , Taddei Maurizio 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA convenient procedure is developed for domino hydroformylation cyclization reactions of unsaturated alcohols, amines and amides to produce various O‐ and N‐containing heterocycles.
ChemInform Abstract: Csp3—Csp2 Palladium‐—Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reaction of Trialkylbismuth Reagents with Aryl, Heteroaryl, and Vinyl Halides and Triflates.
Authors: Gagnon Alexandre , Albert Vincent , Duplessis Martin 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe method does not require isolation of the trialkylbismuth species, which are generated in situ from the corresponding Grignard reagents and allows the transfer of primary alkyl groups having hydrogen atoms in the β‐position.
ChemInform Abstract: Phenyliodine Diacetate Mediated Oxidative Cleavage of Cyclobutanols Leading to γ‐Hydroxy Ketones.
Authors: Fujioka Hiromichi , Komatsu Hideyuki , Miyoshi Akihito , Murai Kenichi , Kita Yasuyuki 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe 2‐substituted cyclobutanols (III) and (V) undergo regioselective cleavage.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1,4‐Diazabutadienes (=N,N′‐Ethane‐1,2‐diylidenebis[amines]) by Grinding.
Authors: He Jingyu , Xin Hongxing , Yan Hong , Song Xiuqing , Zhong Rugang 
Published: March 2011

Abstract1,4‐Diazabutadienes are easily synthesized by grinding glyoxal trimer dihydrate (I) or butanedione (IV) with anilines and catalytic amounts of TosOH under neat conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: The Use of Br/Cl to Promote Regioselective Gold‐Catalyzed Rearrangement of Propargylic Carboxylates: An Efficient Synthesis of (1Z,3E)‐1‐Bromo/Chloro‐2‐carboxy‐1,3‐dienes.
Authors: Wang Yanzhao , Lu Biao , Zhang Liming 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAn Au‐catalyzed synthesis of 1‐bromo/chloro‐2‐carboxy‐1,3‐dienes (II) and (VI) using propargylic carboxylates (I) and (V) containing halogenated alkynes as substrates is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Ligand Influence in the Selective Gold‐Mediated Synthesis of Allenes.
Authors: Nun Pierrick , Gaillard Sylvain , Slawin Alexandra M. Z. , Nolan Steven P. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe use of [(IPr)AuOH] permits the generation of Au(I)‐amine complexes by a Ag‐free protocol.
ChemInform Abstract: First Application of Air‐Stable and Reusable Phosphine‐Containing Calix[4]arene in Catalytic Aza‐Morita—Baylis—Hillman Reaction.
Authors: Zhong Weihui , Zheng Yemin , Zhou Jiadi , Shen Yanyan 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe phosphine substituent acts as Lewis base to initiate the title process and the hydroxy substituents act as Broensted acid to accelerate the reaction and to stabilize the transition state.
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple Method for the Oxidation of Primary Alcohols with o‐Iodoxybenzoic Acid (IBX) in the Presence of Acetic Acid.
Authors: Lin Cheng‐Kun , Lu Ta‐Jung 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA wide range of benzylic, allylic and aliphatic primary alcohols is efficiently oxidized by use of IBX—AcOH reagent system to give the aldehydes in up to 97% yield.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Amides of Phenyl‐1,4‐dioxyacetic Acid as Molecular Tweezers and Studies on Their Molecular Recognition.
Authors: Li WeiJie , Zhao ZhiGang , Liu Xingli , Wang XiaoQing 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA simple, efficient, and environmentally friendly method for the synthesis of the title compounds (V) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Michael Reactions of α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones with Sulfonyl‐Containing Nucleophiles: Chiral Synthesis of (R)‐Muscone and (S)‐Celery Ketone.
Authors: Sun Xiaomin , Yu Feng , Ye Tingting , Liang Xinmiao , Ye Jinxing 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAsymmetric Michael reaction between aliphatic (I) or alicyclic α,β‐unsaturated ketones (VII) and sulfonyl‐containing nucleophiles (II) and (IV) in the presence of an epi‐quinine‐derived organocatalyst provides the corresponding adducts in a highly enantioselective manner (up to 98% e.e.).
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Formation of α,β‐Unsaturated Dithioacetals from Diarylpropynols.
Authors: Curtis Ashley J. , Gabbutt Christopher D. , Heron B. Mark , Kilner Colin 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAcid‐catalyzed condensation of diarylpyrroles with 2‐thionaphthol unexpectedly gives the title compounds (III) via a Meyer—Schuster‐type rearrangement.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Biaryl Compounds Using Tandem Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Ring‐Closing Metathesis.
Authors: Yoshida Kazuhiro , Shida Hiroaki , Takahashi Hidetoshi , Yanagisawa Akira 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA new method for the construction of various biaryl compounds is presented involving a tandem ring‐closing enyne metathesis and ring‐closing olefin metathesis of tetraenynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Diels—Alder Cycloaddition of o‐Quinonedimethides and Alkylidene‐5H‐furan‐2‐ones: New and Rapid Access to Lambertellol Cores and Arthrinone Derivatives.
Authors: Blanc Romain , Heran Virginie , Rahmani Raphael , Commeiras Laurent , Parrain Jean‐Luc 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAn efficient synthesis of deoxy‐lambertellols proceeds through a highly chemo‐ and diastereoselective Diels—Alder cycloaddition.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Isoindolones by a Lithium—Iodide Exchange‐Induced Intramolecular Wurtz—Fittig Reaction of o‐Iodobenzoyl Chloride/Imine Adducts.
Authors: Campbell James B. , Dedinas Robert F. , Trumbower‐Walsh Sally 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAddition of o‐iodobenzoyl chlorides to alkyl imines generates acyliminium ions which undergo phenyllithium‐induced intramolecular Wurtz—Fittig coupling to produce isoindolones.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Chiral Phoshine Oxide Ligand for Enantioselective 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions of Azomethine Ylides.
Authors: Eroeksuez Serap , Dogan Oezdemir , Garner Philip P. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA variety of pyrrolidines is prepared with yields up to 97% and moderate to high enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Smooth Photocatalytic Preparation of 2‐Substituted 1,3‐Benzodioxoles.
Authors: Ravelli Davide , Albini Angelo , Fagnoni Maurizio 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAlkylation of a wide range of benzodioxoles at position 2 proceeds readily under photo‐induced conditions in the presence of (Bu4N)4W10O32 as photocatalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Targeting Glycolysis: A Fragment Based Approach Towards Bifunctional Inhibitors of hLDH‐5.
Authors: Moorhouse Adam D. , Spiteri Christian , Sharma Pallavi , Zloh Mire , Moses John E. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractDerivatives (V), synthesized via a fragment based “click” chemistry approach, demonstrate potent and selective inhibitory activity against human lactate dehydrogenase hLDH‐5.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of Disubstituted 1,3,4‐Oxadiazole Derivatives from the Reaction of (N‐Isocyanimino)triphenylphosphorane, Acetaldehyde, a Secondary Amine, and an Electron‐Poor (E)‐Cinnamic Acid.
Authors: Ramazani Ali , Ahmadi Yavar , Tarasi Roghayeh 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA plausible mechanism for this multicomponent reaction is provided.
ChemInform Abstract: Concise and Efficient Synthesis of 4‐Hydroxy‐2‐pyrones from Pentane‐2,4‐diones.
Authors: Yoshida Masahiro , Takai Hironobu , Mitsuhashi Chika , Shishido Kozo 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe efficient, convenient, and practical synthesis is accomplished in two steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Thioflavones via Thiophosphoryl Chloride Mediated Cyclodehydration and Thionation of 1‐(2‐Hydroxyphenyl)‐3‐arylpropane‐1,3‐diones.
Authors: Vimal Manorama , Pathak Uma , Pandey Lokesh Kumar , Suryanarayana Malladi V. S. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA simple one‐pot procedure allows the preparation of the title compounds via intermediate flavones.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalyzed Reactions Involving 3‐Formylchromones and Acetylenedicarboxylates: Efficient Synthesis of Functionalized Benzophenones and Polysubstituted Xanthones.
Authors: Terzidis Michael A. , Tsiaras Vassilios G. , Stephanidou‐Stephanatou Julia , Tsoleridis Constantinos A. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractReaction of 3‐formylchromones with diesters of type (II) gives xanthones (II) or benzophenones (V) depending on both on the nature of the chromone substituents and on the basicity of the organocatalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Pyrrole Acylation for the Synthesis of 2‐Bromo‐6‐(2‐pyrrolyl)pyridine and Subsequent Cross‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Song Chuanjun , Liu Yan , Zhao Peng , Sun Xuelian , Li Wenjia , Liu Hui , Chang Junbiao 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA previously developed pyrrole acylation process using carboxylic acids and TFAA is successfully applied as the initial step in the synthesis of the starting material (VII).