bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inflammatory Mediators of Esophagitis Alter p27Kip1 Expression in Esophageal Epithelial Cells
Authors: Nguyen Kim‐Doan Katrina , Blain Stacy W , Gress Frank , Treem William R 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTBackground:Barrett esophagus (BE) is a premalignant condition that develops due to prolonged gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In some but not all cases, BE progresses to Barrett‐associated adenocarcinoma. p27Kip1is a tumor‐suppressor protein that regulates the cell's division cycle and appears to be frequently inactivated in Barrett‐associated adenocarcinoma due to increased degradation or cytoplasmic mislocalization. Reduced or mislocalized p27 would remove it from its nuclear targets and result in increased proliferation. Although bile acid and hydrochloric acid (HCl) are linked to the pathogenesis of BE, not every patient with BE has a history of GERD. Eosinophilic esophagitis mimics GERD, but eosinophil granule proteins, known to mediate inflammation, have not been linked to BE. It was unknown whether mediators of esophagitis affect p27 expression and/or localization in normal esophageal cells. We assessed the effects of bile acid, HCl, and eosinophil granule proteins on p27 protein expression, localization, and its ability to regulate cell proliferation.Materials and Methods:Human esophageal epithelial (HET‐1A) cells were incubated with chenodeoxycholic acid (CDC), HCl, and eosinophil granule proteins (major basic protein, MBP; and eosinophil peroxidase, EPO). Cell viability analysis, immunoblot, immunofluorescence microscopy, and flow cytometric analysis were performed.Results:Exposure of HET‐1A cells to CDC, HCl, MBP, and EPO did not affect total p27 levels. CDC, HCl, MBP, and EPO caused mislocalization of p27 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Flow cytometry showed that CDC exposure also increased HET‐1A cell proliferation.Conclusions:Mislocalization of p27 caused by mediators of GERD or eosinophilic esophagitis may serve as an early marker of increased cell proliferation, which may contribute to the risk for esophageal dysplasia.
Wine producers' strategic response to a crisis situation
Authors: Duquesnois Franck , Gurãu Cãlin , Le Roy Frédéric 
Published: September 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the competitive strategies adopted by French wine producing firms in a crisis context.Design/methodology/approachFirst, two case studies have been developed through interviews with wine producers. They show that many strategies, corresponding to different levels of performance, are possible in a crisis industry. Second, an empirical study has been conducted applying a questionnaire survey addressed in June 2008 to wine producing firms from the Languedoc‐Roussillon region, south of France. Third, ordinal regression is operated in order to link financial performance and strategic choices of the investigated 160 respondent firms.FindingsThe findings indicated some interesting trends concerning wine producers' perception regarding the effect of the crisis and the strategies adopted by firms. The preferred strategic choice of the majority of investigated firms is the combination of “niche + differentiation” strategies. On the other hand, the strategic choice of firms is influenced by their experience; many less experienced firms prefer to adopt a differentiation strategy or a combination of the “niche + differentiation” strategies. Moreover, statistical analysis shows that no implementation of niche, differentiation or relational marketing lead toward decreasing turnover.Research limitations/implicationsThis research is focused only on wine producing firms from Languedoc‐Roussillon region in France. A second limitation is the fact that firms' performance was not systematically measured. The performance is evaluated mainly indirectly, considering that the investigated firms have survived the crisis.Originality/valueVery few studies have been conducted on this particular topic.
Sports events and tourism: the Singapore Formula One Grand Prix
Authors: Henderson Joan C. , Foo Ken , Lim Hermes , Yip Serene 
Published: September 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the significance of the inaugural Singapore Formula One Grand Prix within a tourism context. Impacts of the event and attitudes towards it are explored with a view to illuminating the consequences of and challenges inherent in sports events tourism for destinations with limited prior experience.Design/methodology/approachA case study approach is employed and the account is based upon the collection and analysis of materials in the public domain. This information is supplemented by primary data obtained from a survey of local residents and personal observation.FindingsThe Singapore Grand Prix is an example of sports events tourism, a subset of events tourism, which now has an important role in development and marketing strategies. Official expectations of the particular event seem to have been largely met, but understanding of its costs and benefits varies and whether the latter outweighs the former remains to be determined. Lessons have been learned from the experience, but the dynamic environment of tourism means constant change and new dilemmas to confront.Originality/valueThe use of sports events in tourism strategies is a comparatively recent trend in parts of Asia and the case of Singapore reveals some of the underlying factors and forces at work. Insights are afforded into impacts of major sports contests at such destinations and the obstacles to overcome in pursuit of success.
Diagnosis of adrenal histoplasmosis by fine needle aspiration cytology: an analysis based on five cases
Authors: Jaiswal S. , Vij M. , Chand G. , Misra R. , Pandey R. 
Published: September 2010

S. Jaiswal, M. Vij, G. Chand, R. Misra and R. Pandey Diagnosis of adrenal histoplasmosis by fine needle aspiration cytology: an analysis based on five casesBackground: There is limited description in the literature of the initial diagnosis of adrenal histoplasmosis by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).Objective: To study the aetiology, clinical features and morphological differential diagnosis of adrenal histoplasmosis diagnosed initially by FNAC.Methods: Five cases diagnosed by ultrasound‐guided FNAC from 2008 to 2010 were found in the laboratory records and reviewed. Clinical features and cytomorphological features were correlated.Results: All the patients were male and were aged 45–83 years (mean 60 years). Three patients had a history of contact with birds, one was diabetic and all were negative for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The commonest symptom was weight loss. On cytological smears, uniform round to oval (about 2–4 μm in diameter) budding yeasts were seen intracellularly (within histiocytes) as well as extracellularly. In three cases, an inflammatory response in the form of epithelioid cell granulomas along with multinucleated giant cells was seen.Conclusions: Adrenal histoplasmosis does occur in immunocompetent persons living in areas not endemic for the disease. Although it is not common, it needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of bilateral adrenal enlargement. FNAC is a simple, safe technique to establish the initial diagnosis. Correct diagnosis and treatment leads to a favourable outcome.
Depression among female psychiatric nurses in southern Taiwan: main and moderating effects of job stress, coping behaviour and social support
Authors: Lin Huey‐S , Probst Janice C , Hsu Yu‐C 
Published: September 2010

Aims and objectives.  In this study, we tested the following hypotheses among psychiatric nurses: (1) job stress would be positively correlated with depression; (2) coping behaviour would be significantly correlated with depression and moderate the relationship between job stress and depression; (3) social support would be significantly negatively correlated with depression and was a significant moderator on the relationship between job stress and depression.Background.  Most studies in Taiwan related to depression have focused on the general public rather than nurses. The main effect of job stress (coping behaviour, social support) on level of depression has been documented in some population, but the moderating effects of coping behaviours and social support on the relationship between job stress and depression have not been well studied among nurses, especially among psychiatric nurses.Design.  A cross‐sectional research design was employed.Method.  A self‐report questionnaire was adopted to measure personal characteristics, depression (Beck Depression Inventory), job stress (Taiwanese Nurse Stress Checklist), coping behaviour (Jalowiec Coping Scale) and social support (short form, Interpersonal Support Evaluation List). Eligible subjects were female, non‐supervisory, inpatient ward nurses in a psychiatric hospital in southern Taiwan. One hundred and fifty‐four questionnaires were distributed, and the response rate was 91·6%.Results.  After adjusting for covariates, we found that: (1) Job stress and affective‐oriented coping were significantly positively correlated with BDI‐II scores. (2) Coping behaviour was not a significant moderator on the relationship between job stress and depression scores among psychiatric nurses, but social support was.Conclusions.  Depression scores were correlated with job stress and affective‐oriented coping, but social support could work to reduce the effect of stress on depression among psychiatric nurses.Relevance to clinical practice.  Nursing managers should explore both ways of reducing job stress and techniques for building social support networks in the institution to protect their members against stress and depression.
The use of sildenafil to treat pulmonary hypertension associated with interstitial lung disease
Authors: CORTE Tamera J. , GATZOULIS Michael A. , PARFITT Lisa , HARRIES Carl , WELLS Athol U. , WORT S. John 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTBackground and objective:  Limited data suggest a benefit following sildenafil treatment in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) and interstitial lung disease (ILD). The role of sildenafil in the management of PH in ILD is not clear. We report our experience of ILD patients with PH after 6‐month sildenafil therapy.Methods:  We reviewed 15 patients (mean age 55 ± 15 years; 8 men) with ILD (mean FVC 52.6 ± 15.4%) and PH (mean right ventricular systolic pressure 73.8 ± 17.8 mm Hg). Median brain natriuretic peptide: 37 (5–452) pmol/L; mean 6MWD: 156 ± 101 m.Results:  Following 6‐month treatment with sildenafil, brain natriuretic peptide levels were lower (n = 12, P = 0.03), 6MWD was higher (n = 6, P < 0.05), but no change in right ventricular systolic pressure (n = 11) was demonstrated.Conclusions:  Our observations suggest that sildenafil may be useful in the management of PH in ILD. Controlled trials are warranted before therapeutic recommendations can be made.
Association of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene polymorphism with pancreatic cancer but not colon cancer
Authors: Miyasaka Kyoko , Hosoya Hiroko , Tanaka Yasuo , Uegaki Satoko , Kino Kenji , Shimokata Hiroshi , Kawanami Takako , Funakoshi Akihiro 
Published: September 2010

Aims:  Most of the acetaldehyde, a recognized animal carcinogen, generated during alcohol metabolism is eliminated by liver mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2). More than 40% of Japanese people have the inactive form of ALDH2, and inactive ALDH2 is a risk factor for multiple cancer of the esophagus, as well as head and neck cancer. Possible associations between pancreatic cancer and ALDH2 gene polymorphism, as well as between colon cancer and ALDH2 gene polymorphism, in conjunction with smoking and/or drinking habits, were examined in a Japanese population.Methods:  Patients with pancreatic cancer (n = 187) and with colon cancer (n = 49) were examined. The drinking (5 g ethanol consumption/day) and/or smoking habits as well as ALDH2 gene polymorphism were examined. The age‐matched control subjects were recruited in the NILS Longitudinal Study of Aging (LSA).Results:  Aging, smoking and inactive ALDH2, but not alcohol, are independent risk factors for pancreatic cancer. The frequency of smoking habits tended to be higher in patients with colon cancer compared with the patients without cancer. However, age, body mass index or the distribution of ALDH2 genotypes did not differ significantly among the patients with colon cancer, colon polyps and others.Conclusions:  Inactive ALDH2 is an independent risk factor for pancreatic cancer, but inactive ALDH2 might not be a risk for colon cancer. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2010; 10 (Suppl. 1): S120–S126.
Recommended changes to diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes: Impact on workload
Authors: FLACK Jeff R. , ROSS Glynis P. , HO Suyen , McELDUFF Aidan 
Published: September 2010

Background:  Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is recognised as a significant problem in pregnancy. Changes to GDM diagnostic criteria have been proposed following analysis of data from the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) study. We sought to assess the impact on the workload for GDM management in Australia that would occur if these changes were adopted.Aim:  To assess the impact on health professional workload, specifically management of the number of additional women who would be diagnosed with GDM, should the newly recommended diagnostic criteria be adopted in Australia.Methods:  We analysed oral glucose tolerance test results undertaken in pregnant women at two large pathology services in South West and Northern Sydney. We calculated GDM rates using current Australasian Diabetes in Pregnancy Society (ADIPS) Australian Criteria and the rates using the proposed new criteria.Results:  These workload data compare ADIPS and proposed International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups Criteria. In a high‐risk population examined in two time periods, the estimated increase in workload was 29.0% (based on November 2005 to August 2007 data) and 31.9% (based on September 2007 to August 2009 data). Data from Northern Sydney indicated a 21.7% increased workload (based on September 1998 to July 2009 data).Conclusions:  If the newly recommended changes to the diagnostic criteria for GDM are implemented in Australia, we may need to change the way we currently structure our services to manage GDM, to cope with the workload impact of the significantly increased number of women who would require management. In some units this change will be substantial.
Degradation of mussel (Mytilus edulis) fecal pellets released from hanging long-lines upon sinking and after settling at the sediment
Authors: Carlsson Marita Sundstein , Glud Ronnie Nøhr , Petersen Jens Kjerulf 
Published: September 2010

Long-line mussel farming is well established in many coastal areas around the world, and the concurrent carbon enrichment below farms potentially can have local environmental impacts. The degradation of released mussel ( Mytilus edulis ) pellets was investigated by a number of complementary incubation approaches. After 140 h in suspension, most of the labile fraction of the pellet material had been degraded. However, because of the shallow water depth at our study site (8 m), only a minute fraction of carbon was released to the water column during sinking, of which ~50% was rapidly turned over. Pellets settling at the sediment in realistic concentrations immediately stimulated the benthic O2 uptake. The elevated O2 uptake gradually declined and reached the background level after 96 h, at which time ~25% of the added material had been degraded. The main fraction of pellets (75%) was more refractory and remained in the sediment where it was either retained or degraded on much longer time scales. The quantitative response of benthic pellet enrichment observed in the laboratory was confirmed by in situ trap measurements and incubations of sediment collected below and away from active farms.
Genome-wide Analysis of Novel Splice Variants Induced by Topoisomerase I Poisoning Shows Preferential Occurrence in Genes Encoding Splicing Factors
Authors: Solier Stéphanie , Barb Jennifer , Zeeberg Barry R. , Varma Sudhir , Ryan Mike C. , Kohn Kurt W. , Weinstein John N. , Munson Peter J. , Pommier Yves 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
RNA splicing is required to remove introns from pre-mRNA, and alternative splicing generates protein diversity. Topoisomerase I (Top1) has been shown to be coupled with splicing by regulating serine/arginine-rich splicing proteins. Prior studies on isolated genes also showed that Top1 poisoning by camptothecin (CPT), which traps Top1 cleavage complexes (Top1cc), can alter RNA splicing. Here, we tested the effect of Top1 inhibition on splicing at the genome-wide level in human colon carcinoma HCT116 and breast carcinoma MCF7 cells. The RNA of HCT116 cells treated with CPT for various times was analyzed with ExonHit Human Splice Array. Unlike other exon array platforms, the ExonHit arrays include junction probes that allow the detection of splice variants with high sensitivity and specificity. We report that CPT treatment preferentially affects the splicing of splicing-related factors, such as RBM8A, and generates transcripts coding for inactive proteins lacking key functional domains. The splicing alterations induced by CPT are not observed with cisplatin or vinblastine and are not simply due to reduced Top1 activity, as Top1 downregulation by short interfering RNA did not alter splicing like CPT treatment. Inhibition of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) hyperphosphorylation by 5,6-dichloro-1-β-d-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DRB) blocked the splicing alteration induced by CPT, which suggests that the rapid Pol II hyperphosphorylation induced by CPT interferes with normal splicing. The preferential effect of CPT on genes encoding splicing factors may explain the abnormal splicing of a large number of genes in response to Top1cc. Cancer Res; 70(20); 8055–65. ©2010 AACR.
Can the Deforestation Breeze Change the Rainfall in Amazonia? A Case Study for the BR-163 Highway Region
Authors: Saad Sandra I. , da Rocha Humberto R. , Silva Dias Maria A. F. , Rosolem Rafael 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
The authors simulated the effects of Amazonian mesoscale deforestation in the boundary layer and in rainfall with the Brazilian Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (BRAMS) model. They found that both the area and shape (with respect to wind incidence) of deforestation and the soil moisture status contributed to the state of the atmosphere during the time scale of several weeks, with distinguishable patterns of temperature, humidity, and rainfall. Deforestation resulted in the development of a three-dimensional thermal cell, the so-called deforestation breeze, slightly shifted downwind to large-scale circulation. The boundary layer was warmer and drier above 1000-m height and was slightly wetter up to 2000-m height. Soil wetness affected the circulation energetics proportionally to the soil dryness (for soil wetness below ∼0.6). The shape of the deforestation controlled the impact on rainfall. The horizontal strips lined up with the prevailing wind showed a dominant increase in rainfall, significant up to about 60 000 km2. On the other hand, in the patches aligned in the opposite direction (north–south), there was both increase and decrease in precipitation in two distinct regions, as a result of clearly separated upward and downward branches, which caused the precipitation to increase for patches up to 15 000 km2. The authors’ estimates for the size of deforestation impacting the rainfall contributed to fill up the low spatial resolution in other previous studies.
Detection of a novel truncating Merkel cell polyomavirus large T antigen deletion in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells
Authors: Pantulu N. Deepa , Pallasch Christian P. , Kurz Anna Kordelia , Kassem Ahmad , Frenzel Lukas , Sodenkamp Sebastian , Kvasnicka Hans Michael , Wendtner Clemens M. , zur Hausen Axel 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is detected in approximately 80% of Merkel cell carcinomas (MCC). Yet, clonal integration and truncating mutations of the large T antigen (LTAg) of MCPyV are restricted to MCC. We tested the presence and mutations of MCPyV in highly purified leukemic cells of 70 chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients. MCPyV was detected in 27.1% (n = 19) of these CLL cases. In contrast, MCPyV was detected only in 13.4% of normal controls (P < .036) in which no LTAg mutations were found. Mutational analyses revealed a novel 246bp LTAg deletion in the helicase gene in 6 of 19 MCPyV-positive CLL cases. 2 CLL cases showed concomitant mutated and wild-type MCPyV. Immunohistochemistry revealed protein expression of the LTAg in MCPyV-positive CLL cases. The detection of MCPyV, including LTAg deletions and LTAg expression in CLL cells argues for a potential role of MCPyV in a significant subset of CLL cases.
Combination of diffusion tensor and functional magnetic resonance imaging during recovery from the vegetative state
Authors: Fernández-Espejo Davinia , Junque Carme , Cruse Damian , Bernabeu Montserrat , Roig-Rovira Teresa , Fábregas Neus , Rivas Eva , Mercader Jose M 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe rate of recovery from the vegetative state (VS) is low. Currently, little is known of the mechanisms and cerebral changes that accompany those relatively rare cases of good recovery. Here, we combined functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to study the evolution of one VS patient at one month post-ictus and again twelve months later when he had recovered consciousness.MethodsfMRI was used to investigate cortical responses to passive language stimulation as well as task-induced deactivations related to the default-mode network. DTI was used to assess the integrity of the global white matter and the arcuate fasciculus. We also performed a neuropsychological assessment at the time of the second MRI examination in order to characterize the profile of cognitive deficits.ResultsfMRI analysis revealed anatomically appropriate activation to speech in both the first and the second scans but a reduced pattern of task-induced deactivations in the first scan. In the second scan, following the recovery of consciousness, this pattern became more similar to that classically described for the default-mode network. DTI analysis revealed relative preservation of the arcuate fasciculus and of the global normal-appearing white matter at both time points. The neuropsychological assessment revealed recovery of receptive linguistic functioning by 12-months post-ictus.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the combination of different structural and functional imaging modalities may provide a powerful means for assessing the mechanisms involved in the recovery from the VS.