bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-world Chinese herbal medicine for Parkinson's disease: a hospital-based retrospective analysis of electronic medical records
Authors: Lyu Shaohua , Zhang Claire Shuiqing , Mao Zhenhui , Guo Xinfeng , Li Zhe , Luo Xiaodong , Sun Jingbo , Su Qiaozhen 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundParkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition. Chinese medicine therapies have demonstrated effectiveness for PD in controlled settings. However, the utilization of Chinese medicine therapies for PD in real-world clinical practice and the characteristics of patients seeking these therapies have not been thoroughly summarized.MethodThe study retrospectively analyzed initial patient encounters (PEs) with a first-listed diagnosis of PD, based on electronic medical records from Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine between July 2018 and July 2023.ResultsA total of 3,206 PEs, each corresponding to an individual patient, were eligible for analyses. Approximately 60% of patients made initial visits to the Chinese medicine hospital after receiving a PD diagnosis, around 4.59 years after the onset of motor symptoms. Over 75% of the patients visited the Internal Medicine Outpatient Clinic at their initial visits, while a mere 13.85% visited PD Chronic Care Clinic. Rest tremor (61.98%) and bradykinesia (52.34%) are the most commonly reported motor symptoms, followed by rigidity (40.70%). The most commonly recorded non-motor symptoms included constipation (31.88%) and sleep disturbance (25.27%). Integration of Chinese medicine and conventional medicine therapies was the most common treatment method (39.15%), followed by single use of Chinese herbal medicine (27.14%). The most frequently prescribed herbs for PD included Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. (gan cao), Astragalus mongholicus Bunge (huang qi), Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. (bai zhu), Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels (dang gui), Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC. (di huang), Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (bai shao), Bupleurum chinense DC. (chai hu), Citrus aurantium L. (zhi qiao/zhi shi/chen pi), Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. (ren shen), and Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf (fu ling). These herbs contribute to formulation of Bu zhong yi qi tang (BZYQT).ConclusionPatients typically initiated Chinese medical care after the establishment of PD diagnosis, ~4.59 years post-onset of motor symptoms. The prevalent utilization of CHM decoctions and patented Chinese herbal medicine products, underscores its potential in addressing both motor and non-motor symptoms. Despite available evidence, rigorous clinical trials are needed to validate and optimize the integration of CHM, particularly BZYQT, into therapeutic strategies for PD.
Testosterone deficiency worsens mitochondrial dysfunction in APP/PS1 mice
Authors: Zhang Tianyun , Chu Yun , Wang Yue , Wang Yu , Wang Jinyang , Ji Xiaoming , Zhang Guoliang , Shi Geming , Cui Rui , Kang Yunxiao 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundRecent studies show testosterone (T) deficiency worsens cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. Mitochondrial dysfunction, as an early event of AD, is becoming critical hallmark of AD pathogenesis. However, currently, whether T deficiency exacerbates mitochondrial dysfunction of men with AD remains unclear.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to explore the effects of T deficiency on mitochondrial dysfunction of male AD mouse models and its potential mechanisms.MethodsAlzheimer’s disease animal model with T deficiency was performed by castration to 3-month-old male APP/PS1 mice. Hippocampal mitochondrial function of mice was analyzed by spectrophotometry and flow cytometry. The gene expression levels related to mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics were determined through quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and western blot analysis. SH-SY5Y cells treated with flutamide, T and/or H2O2 were processed for analyzing the potential mechanisms of T on mitochondrial dysfunction.ResultsTestosterone deficiency significantly aggravated the cognitive deficits and hippocampal pathologic damage of male APP/PS1 mice. These effects were consistent with exacerbated mitochondrial dysfunction by gonadectomy to male APP/PS1 mice, reflected by further increase in oxidative damage and decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, complex IV activity and ATP levels. More importantly, T deficiency induced the exacerbation of compromised mitochondrial homeostasis in male APP/PS1 mice by exerting detrimental effects on mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics at mRNA and protein level, leading to more defective mitochondria accumulated in the hippocampus. In vitro studies using SH-SY5Y cells validated T’s protective effects on the H2O2-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, mitochondrial biogenesis impairment, and mitochondrial dynamics imbalance. Administering androgen receptor (AR) antagonist flutamide weakened the beneficial effects of T pretreatment on H2O2-treated SH-SY5Y cells, demonstrating a critical role of classical AR pathway in maintaining mitochondrial function.ConclusionTestosterone deficiency exacerbates hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction of male APP/PS1 mice by accumulating more defective mitochondria. Thus, appropriate T levels in the early stage of AD might be beneficial in delaying AD pathology by improving mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics.
Blood-brain barrier disruption and hemorrhagic transformation in acute stroke before endovascular reperfusion therapy
Authors: Liang Yuchen , Yu Yang , Liu Jiaxin , Li Xuewei , Chen Xue , Zhou Hongwei , Guo Zhen-Ni 
Published: May 2024

Background and purposeEarly blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) can be detected on perfusion computed tomography (PCT) images before undergoing reperfusion therapy. In this study, we aimed to determine whether early disruption of the BBB predicts intracranial hemorrhage transformation (HT) in patients with AIS undergoing endovascular therapy and further identify factors influencing BBB disruption.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed general clinical and imaging data derived from 159 consecutive patients with acute anterior circulation stroke who were admitted to the Department of Neurology of the First Hospital of Jilin University, and who underwent endovascular treatment between January 1, 2021, and March 31, 2023. We evaluated the relationship between BBB destruction and intracranial HT before endovascular reperfusion therapy and examined the risk factors for early BBB destruction.ResultsA total of 159 patients with assessable BBB leakage were included. The median (interquartile range, IQR) age was 63 (54–70) years, 108 (67.9%) patients were male, and the median baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NHISS) score was 12 (10–15). Follow-up non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) detected HT in 63 patients. After logistic regression modeling adjustment, we found that BBB leakage in the true leakage area was slightly more than 2-fold risk of HT (odds ratio [OR], 2.01; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–3.92). Heart rate was also associated with HT (OR, 1.03, 95% CI, 1.00–1.05). High Blood–brain barrier permeability (BBBP) in the true leakage area was positively correlated with infarct core volume (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01–1.05).ConclusionEarly BBB destruction before endovascular reperfusion therapy was associated with HT, whereas high BBBP correlated positively with infarct core volume.
Comparison of O-RADS with the ADNEX model and IOTA SR for risk stratification of adnexal lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Han Jing , Wen Jing , Hu Wei 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThis study aims to systematically compare the diagnostic performance of the Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System with the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis Simple Rules and the Assessment of Different NEoplasias in the adneXa model for risk stratification of ovarian cancer and adnexal masses.MethodsA literature search of online databases for relevant studies up to July 2023 was conducted by two independent reviewers. The summary estimates were pooled with the hierarchical summary receiver-operating characteristic model. The quality of the included studies was assessed with the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies–2 and the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-Comparative Tool. Metaregression and subgroup analyses were performed to explore the impact of varying clinical settings.ResultsA total of 13 studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled sensitivity and specificity for eight head-to-head studies between the Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System and the Assessment of Different NEoplasias in the adneXa model were 0.96 (95% CI 0.92–0.98) and 0.82 (95% CI 0.71–0.90) vs. 0.94 (95% CI 0.91–0.95) and 0.83 (95% CI 0.77–0.88), respectively, and for seven head-to-head studies between the Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System and the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis Simple Rules, the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.95 (95% CI 0.93–0.97) and 0.75 (95% CI 0.62–0.85) vs. 0.91 (95% CI 0.82–0.96) and 0.86 (95% CI 0.76–0.93), respectively. No significant differences were found between the Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System and the Assessment of Different NEoplasias in the adneXa model as well as the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis Simple Rules in terms of sensitivity (P = 0.57 and P = 0.21) and specificity (P = 0.87 and P = 0.12). Substantial heterogeneity was observed among the studies for all three guidelines.ConclusionAll three guidelines demonstrated high diagnostic performance, and no significant differences in terms of sensitivity or specificity were observed between the three guidelines.
Increased co-expression of 4-1BB with PD-1 on CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes is associated with improved prognosis and immunotherapy response in cervical cancer
Authors: Zhu Xiaonan , Feng Yaning , Fan Peiwen , Dong Danning , Yuan Jianlin , Chang Cheng , Wang Ruozheng 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundThe combination of agonistic antibodies with immune checkpoint inhibitors presents a promising avenue for cancer immunotherapy. Our objective is to explore the co-expression of 4-1BB, ICOS, CD28, with PD-1 on CD8+ T cells in the peripheral blood and tumor tissue of cervical cancer(CC) patients, with a specific focus on the association between the co-expression levels of 4-1BB with PD-1 and clinical features, prognosis as well as immunotherapy response. The goal is to offer valuable insights into cervical cancer immunotherapy.MethodsIn this study, 50 treatment-naive patients diagnosed with CC were enrolled. Flow cytometry was used to detect PD-1/4-1BB, PD-1/ICOS and PD-1/CD28 co-expression on CD8+ T cells. Subsequent analysis aimed to investigate the differential co-expression between peripheral blood and cancer tissue, and also the correlation between co-expression and clinical features in these patients. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort, The IMvigor210 cohort, The BMS038cohort and Immunophenoscores were utilized to investigate the correlation between PD-1/4-1BB and the immune microenvironment, prognosis, immunotherapy, and drug sensitivity in cervical cancer.ResultsThe co-expression levels of PD-1/4-1BB, PD-1/ICOS, and PD-1/CD28 on CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were significantly higher in cervical cancer patients compared to those in peripheral blood. Clinical feature analysis reveals that on CD8+ TILs, the co-expression of PD-1/4-1BB is more closely correlated with clinical characteristics compared to PD-1/ICOS, PD-1/CD28, PD-1, and 4-1BB. Pseudo-time analysis and cell communication profiling reveal close associations between the subgroups harboring 4-1BB and PD-1. The prognosis, tumor mutation burden, immune landscape, and immunotherapy response exhibit statistically significant variations between the high and low co-expression groups of PD-1/4-1BB. The high co-expression group of PD-1/4-1BB is more likely to benefit from immunotherapy.ConclusionPD-1/4-1BB, PD-1/ICOS, and PD-1/CD28 exhibit elevated co-expression on CD8+TILs of cervical cancer, while demonstrating lower expression in circulating T cells. The co-expression patterns of PD-1/4-1BB significantly contributed to the prediction of immune cell infiltration characteristics, prognosis, and tailored immunotherapy tactics. PD-1/4-1BB exhibits potential as a target for combination immunotherapy in cervical cancer.
Effects of flowing water stimulation on hormone regulation during the maturation process of Conger myriaster ovaries
Authors: Li Zhengcheng , Liu Rucong , Liu Jingwei , Jiang Zhixin , Ba Xubing , Li Kang , Liu Liping 
Published: May 2024

Conger eel (Conger myriaster) is an economically important species in China. Due to the complex life history of the conger eel, achieving artificial reproduction has remained elusive. This study aimed to explore the effect of water stimulation on hormonal regulation during the artificial reproduction of conger eel. The experiment was divided into four groups: A1 (no hormone injection, still water), A2 (no hormone injection, flowing water), B1 (hormone injection, still water), and B2 (hormone injection, flowing water). The flowing water group maintained a flow velocity of 0.4 ± 0.05 m/s for 12 h daily throughout the 60-day period. Steroid hormone levels in the serum and ovaries of conger eels were analyzed using UPLC-MS/MS and ELISA on the 30th and 60th days of the experiment. The relative expression levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSHβ) and luteinizing hormone (LHβ) in the pituitary were determined by quantitative PCR. The results showed a significantly lower gonadosomatic index (GSI) in B2 compared to B1 (p &lt; 0.05) on the 30th day. FSH was found to act only in the early stages of ovarian development, with water stimulation significantly enhancing FSH synthesis (p &lt; 0.05), while FSHβ gene was not expressed after hormone injection. Conversely, LH was highly expressed in late ovarian development, with flowing water stimulation significantly promoting LH synthesis (p &lt; 0.05). Serum cortisol (COR) levels were significantly higher in the flowing water group than in the still water group (p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, estradiol (E2) content of B2 was significantly lower than that of B1 on the 30th and 60th day. Overall, flowing water stimulation enhanced the synthesis of FSH in early ovarian development and LH in late ovarian development, while reducing E2 accumulation in the ovaries. In this study, the effect of flowing water stimulation on hormone regulation during the artificial reproduction of conger eel was initially investigated to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing artificial reproduction techniques.
Comparative analysis of stripe rust resistance in seedling stage and Yr gene incidence in spring and winter wheat from Xinjiang, China
Authors: Lai Hanlin , Shen Yuyang , Yang Hong , Fernando Dilantha W. G. , Ren Chenrong , Deng Feifei , Lu Yi , Sun Na , Chen Li , Li Guangkuo , Wang Huiqing , Gao Haifeng , Li Yue 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundStripe rust, caused by the fungus Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici (Pst), poses a significant threat to global wheat production.ObjectivesThis study aims to analyze the distribution of stripe rust resistance genes, characterize resistance phenotypes at the seedling stage of 137 spring and 149 winter wheat varieties in Xinjiang, China, and discern differences in resistance between spring and winter wheat varieties.DesignWe used various Pst races (CYR23, CYR29, CYR31, CYR32, CYR33, CYR34) to characterize seedling resistance of spring and winter wheat varieties and to correlate resistance to the presence of wheat resistance genes (Yr5, Yr9, Yr10, Yr15, Yr17, Yr18, Yr26, Yr41, Yr80, Yr81) using molecular markers.ResultsAmong spring wheat varieties, 62, 60, 42, 26, 51, and 24 varieties exhibited resistance to CYR23, CYR29, CYR31, CYR32, CYR33, and CYR34, respectively, with four varieties resistant to all varieties. Among winter wheat varieties, 66, 32, 69, 26, 83, 40 varieties demonstrated resistance to CYR23, CYR29, CYR31, CYR32, CYR33, and CYR34, respectively, with four varieties resistant to all varieties. Molecular testing revealed that, in spring wheat, 2, 17, 21, 61, 10, 0, 10, 79, and 32 varieties carried Yr9, Yr10, Yr15, Yr17, Yr18, Yr26, Yr41, Yr80, and Yr81 genes, respectively. In winter wheat, 40, 20, 7, 143, 15, 1, 6, 38, and 54 varieties carried Yr9, Yr10, Yr15, Yr17, Yr18, Yr26, Yr41, Yr80, and Yr81 genes, respectively. Notably, winter wheat exhibited a significantly higher resistance frequency than spring wheat, particularly in the incidence of Yr9, Yr10, Yr17, Yr18, and multi-gene combinations.ConclusionIn summary, this study provides information on seedling stage resistance to stripe rust 286 Xinjiang wheat varieties, elucidates the distribution of resistance genes in this population, and offers a mechanistic basis for breeding durable resistance in wheat. varieties from Xinjiang.
Does adult attachment mediate the relationship between primary emotion traits and eating disorder symptoms?
Authors: Roithmeier Lisa , Fuchshuber Jürgen , Prandstätter Theresa , Andres Deborah , Schmautz Beate , Schwerdtfeger Andreas , Unterrainer Human-Friedrich 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesPrimary emotion traits and attachment patterns, have been linked to various mental disorders. This study aims to shed more light on the less studied relationship with eating disorder (ED) symptoms.MethodsA total of 921 non-clinical subjects (69.9% females) were assessed for primary emotions traits (B-ANPS-GL), attachment insecurity (ECR-RD8), and eating disorder pathology (EDE-Q8). A theoretically derived model was evaluated by means of a path analysis with attachment anxiety as assumed mediator variable.ResultsGlobal problematic eating behavior showed negative correlations with the positive emotions PLAY, CARE, and LUST (r = −0.10 to −0.24), positive correlations with the negative primary emotions ANGER, FEAR, and SADNESS (r = 0.12–0.27), as well as with attachment anxiety (r = 0.22, all p &lt; 0.01). Path analyses revealed direct effects between eating behavior pathology with LUST (β = −0.07 to −0.15) and FEAR (β = 0.12–0.19; all p &lt; 0.05). The association of SADNESS and Weight (β = 0.05) and Shape Concern (β = 0.06, p &lt; 0.001) was fully mediated by attachment anxiety. Overall, the path model explained 17% of the variance for attachment anxiety and 6% of the Restraint, 13% for Eating, 10% for Weight and 14% for Shape Concern Subscales.DiscussionThe findings shed light on the multifactorial relationship between affective traits, attachment security, and eating disorder pathology. In line with previous research, the results emphasize the role of attachment and affective functioning in ED symptoms.
Spatial distribution and influencing factors of CDC health resources in China: a study based on panel data from 2016–2021
Authors: Yu Yingying , Lu Jiachen , Dou Xiaofeng , Yi Yaohui , Zhou Ling 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundMeasuring the development of Chinese centers for disease control and prevention only by analyzing human resources for health seems incomplete. Moreover, previous studies have focused more on the quantitative changes in healthcare resources and ignored its determinants. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the allocation of healthcare resources in Chinese centers for disease control and prevention from the perspective of population and spatial distribution, and to further explore the characteristics and influencing factors of the spatial distribution of healthcare resources.MethodsDisease control personnel density, disease control and prevention centers density, and health expenditures density were used to represent human, physical, and financial resources for health, respectively. First, health resources were analyzed descriptively. Then, spatial autocorrelation was used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of healthcare resources. Finally, we used spatial econometric modeling to explore the influencing factors of healthcare resources.ResultsThe global Moran index for disease control and prevention centers density decreased from 1.3164 to 0.2662 (p &lt; 0.01), while the global Moran index for disease control personnel density increased from 0.4782 to 0.5067 (p &lt; 0.01), while the global Moran index for health expenditures density was statistically significant only in 2016 (p &lt; 0.1). All three types of healthcare resources showed spatial aggregation. Population density and urbanization have a negative impact on the disease control and prevention centers density. There are direct and indirect effects of disease control personnel density and health expenditures density. Population density and urbanization had significant negative effects on local disease control personnel density. Urbanization has an indirect effect on health expenditures density.ConclusionThere were obvious differences in the spatial distribution of healthcare resources in Chinese centers for disease control and prevention. Social, economic and policy factors can affect healthcare resources. The government should consider the rational allocation of healthcare resources at the macro level.
Influencing factors of home hospice care needs of family caregivers of the older adult with chronic diseases at the end of life in China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Lei , Li Yaru , Zhao Rui , Li Jiangxu , Gong Xiangru , Li Hongyu 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionWith increased life expectancy in the Chinese population coupled with chronic disease the care needs of people at the end of life are attracting much attention. Home hospice care can help the dying older adult achieve comfort and maintain their dignity at home. However, dying at home means great responsibility and challenge for family caregivers, and there are many unmet needs. The study aimed to investigate the home hospice care needs of family caregivers of older adult people with chronic diseases at the end of life in China, and to analyze the influencing factors of home hospice care needs of caregivers.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, from May to September 2023, 4 community health service centers were selected by stratified sampling from seven administrative districts in Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, where home hospice care was piloted. Then 224 family caregivers were selected from the communities of seven community service centers by simple random sampling method. A general information questionnaire and the home hospice care needs questionnaire developed by our research group were used to investigate. Univariate analysis was used to compare the differences in the scores of different characteristics, and the factors with significant differences were selected for multivariate linear regression analysis to determine the final influencing factors.ResultsThe total score of hospice care needs of family caregivers was 121.61 ± 15.24, among which the end-of-life knowledge need dimension score was 24.04 ± 2.71, the highest score index was 80.13%, while the symptom control need score was 15.58 ± 3.39, the lowest score index was 62.32%. In addition, Caregivers with caregiving experience, dying older adult with longer disease duration, and dying older adult with higher levels of education were the factors influencing the total need for home hospice care among family caregivers, with a variance explained of 22.7%.DiscussionThe needs of family caregivers of the terminally ill older adult are high, and healthcare professionals should implement services to meet their multidimensional needs and improve the quality of care according to the factors affecting their needs.