bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Telephone-based mutual peer support for depression: a pilot study
Authors: Travis Jamie , Roeder Kathryn , Walters Heather , Piette John , Heisler Michele , Ganoczy Dara , Valenstein Marcia , Pfeiffer Paul 
Published: July 2010

Objectives: To evaluate the acceptability, feasibility and depression-related outcomes of a telephone-based mutual peer support intervention for individuals with continued depressive symptoms in specialty mental health treatment. Methods: Participants were depressed patients with continued symptoms or functional impairment treated at one of the three outpatient mental health clinics. Participants were partnered with another patient, provided with basic communication skills training, and asked to call their partner at least once a week using a telephone platform that recorded call initiation, frequency and duration. Depression symptoms, quality of life, disability, self-efficacy, overall mental and physical health and qualitative feedback were collected at enrolment, 6 weeks and 12 weeks. Results: Fifty-four participants enroled in the 12-week intervention and 32 participants (59.3%) completed the intervention. Participants completing the study averaged 10.3 calls, with a mean call length of 26.8 min. The mean change in BDI-II score from baseline to study completion was -4.2 (95% CI: -7.6, -0.8; p<0.02). Measures of disability, quality of life and psychological health also improved. Qualitative assessments indicated that participants found meaning and support through interactions with their partners. Discussion: Telephone-based mutual peer support is a feasible and acceptable adjunct to specialty depression care. Larger trials are needed to determine efficacy and effectiveness of this intervention.
Cellular source and molecular form of TNF specify its distinct functions in organization of secondary lymphoid organs
Authors: Tumanov Alexei V. , Grivennikov Sergei I. , Kruglov Andrei A. , Shebzukhov Yuriy V. , Koroleva Ekaterina P. , Piao Yulan , Cui Chang-Yi , Kuprash Dmitry V. , Nedospasov Sergei A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSecondary lymphoid organs provide a unique microenvironment for generation of immune responses. Using a cell type–specific conditional knockout approach, we have dissected contributions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) produced by B cells (B-TNF) or T cells (T-TNF) to the genesis and homeostatic organization of secondary lymphoid organs. In spleen, lymph nodes and Peyer patches, the cellular source of TNF, and its molecular form (soluble versus membrane-bound) appeared distinct. In spleen, in addition to major B-TNF signal, a complementary T-TNF signal contributed to the microstructure. In contrast, B-TNF predominantly controlled the development of follicular dendritic cells and B-cell follicles in Peyer patches. In lymph nodes, cooperation between TNF expressed by B and T cells was necessary for the maintenance of microarchitecture and for generation of an efficient humoral immune response. Unexpectedly, soluble but not membrane TNF expressed by B cells was essential for the organization of the secondary lymphoid organs. Thus, the maintenance of each type of secondary lymphoid organ is orchestrated by distinct contributions of membrane-bound and soluble TNF produced by B and T lymphocytes.
Multiple signaling pathways induced by hexavalent, monospecific, anti-CD20 and hexavalent, bispecific, anti-CD20/CD22 humanized antibodies correlate with enhanced toxicity to B-cell lymphomas and leukemias
Authors: Gupta Pankaj , Goldenberg David M. , Rossi Edmund A. , Chang Chien-Hsing 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWe have generated hexavalent antibodies (HexAbs) comprising 6 Fabs tethered to one Fc of human IgG1. Three such constructs, 20-20, a monospecific HexAb comprising 6 Fabs of veltuzumab (humanized anti-CD20 immunoglobulin G1κ [IgG1κ]), 20-22, a bispecific HexAb comprising veltuzumab and 4 Fabs of epratuzumab (humanized anti-CD22 IgG1κ), and 22-20, a bispecific HexAb comprising epratuzumab and 4 Fabs of veltuzumab, were previously shown to inhibit pro-liferation of several lymphoma cell lines at nanomolar concentrations in the absence of a crosslinking antibody. We now report an in-depth analysis of the apoptotic and survival signals induced by the 3 HexAbs in Burkitt lymphomas and provide in vitro cytotoxicity data for additional lymphoma cell lines and also chronic lymphocytic leukemia patient specimens. Among the key findings are the significant increase in the levels of phosphorylated p38 and phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) by all 3 HexAbs and the notable differences in the signaling events triggered by the HexAbs from those incurred by crosslinking veltuzumab or rituximab with a secondary antibody. Thus, the greatly enhanced direct toxicity of these HexAbs correlates with their ability to alter the basal expression of various intracellular proteins involved in regulating cell growth, survival, and apoptosis, with the net outcome leading to cell death.
Clinical and radiographic outcomes of the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with segmental pedicle screws and combined local autograft and allograft bone for spinal fusion: a retrospective case series
Authors: Yang Xiaoming , Xu Hongguang , Li Ming , Gu Suxi , Fang Xiutong , Wang Jingjie , Ni Jianqiang , Wu Dajiang 
Published: July 2010

Abstract

Background
High morbidity has been reported with iliac crest bone graft harvesting; however, donor bone is typically necessary for posterior spinal fusion. Autograft bone combined with allograft may reduce the morbidity associated with iliac crest bone harvesting and improve the fusion rate. Our aim in this study was to determine the presence of complications, pseudarthrosis, non-union, and infection using combined in situ local autograft bone and freeze-dried cancellous allograft bone in patients undergoing posterior spinal fusion for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Methods
A combination of in situ local autograft bone and freeze-dried cancellous allograft blocks were used in 50 consecutive patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis treated by posterior fusion and Moss Miami pedicle screw instrumentation. Results were assessed clinically and radiographically and quality of life and functional outcome was evaluated by administration of a Chinese version of the SRS-22 survey.

Results
There were 41 female and 9 male patients included for analysis with an average age of 14.7 years (range, 12-17). All patients had a minimum follow-up of 18 months (range, 18 to 40 months). The average preoperative Cobb angle was 49.8° (range, 40° to 86°). The average number of levels fused was 9.8 (range, 6-15). Patients had a minimum postoperative follow-up of 18 months. At final follow-up, the average Cobb angle correction was 77.8% (range, 43.4 to 92.5%). There was no obvious loss in the correction, and the average loss of correction was 1.1° (range, 0° to 4°). There was no pseudarthrosis and no major complications.

Conclusions

In situ autograft bone combined with allograft bone may be a promising method enhances spinal fusion in AIS treated with pedicle screw placement. By eliminating the need for iliac crest bone harvesting, significant morbidity may be avoided.
Bendiocarb, a potential alternative against pyrethroid resistant Anopheles gambiae in Benin, West Africa
Authors: Akogbéto Martin C , Padonou Gil Germain , Gbénou Dina , Irish Seth , Yadouleton Anges 
Published: July 2010

Abstract

Background

Anopheles gambiae, the main malaria vector in Benin has developed high level of resistance to pyrethroid insecticides, which is a serious concern to the future use of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) and indoor residual spraying (IRS). In this context, one of the pathways available for malaria vector control would be to investigate alternative classes of insecticides with different mode of action than that of pyrethroids. The goal of this study was to evaluate under field conditions the efficacy of a carbamate (bendiocarb) and an organophosphate (fenitrothion) against pyrethroid-resistant An. gambiae s.s.

Methods
Wild populations and females from laboratory colonies of five days old An. gambiae were bio-assayed during this study. Two pyrethroids (deltamethrin and alphacypermethrin), an organophosphate (fenitrothion), a carbamate (bendiocarb) and a mixture of an organophosphate (chlorpyriphos + a pyrethroid deltamethrin) were compared in experimental huts as IRS treatments. Insecticides were applied in the huts using a hand-operated compression sprayer. The deterrency, exophily, blood feeding rate and mortality induced by these insecticides against An. gambiae were compared to the untreated control huts.

Results
Deltamethrin, alphacypermethrin and bendiocarb treatment significantly reduced mosquito entry into the huts (p < 0.05) compared to untreated huts. Blood feeding rates in huts treated with fenitrothion and the mixture chlorpyriphos/deltamethrin were reduced from 10.95% respectively to 3.7% and 4.47% three months after treatment and from 10.20% to 4.4% and 2.04% four months after treatment. Exophily rates in huts with deltamethrin, alphacypermethrin and the mixture chlorpyriphos/deltamethrin were significantly higher than in the huts with fenitrothion. Deltamethrin and alphacypermethrin had the lowest mortality rate while fenitrothion killed 100% of An. gambiae (in the first month) and 77.8% (in the fourth month). Bendiocarb and the mixture chlorpyriphos/deltamethrin mortality rates ranged from 97.9 to 100% the first month and 77.7-88% the third month respectively.

Conclusion
After four months, fenitrothion, bendiocarb and the mixture chlorpyriphos/deltamethrin performed effectively against pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles. These results showed that bendiocarb could be recommended as an effective insecticide for use in IRS operations in Benin, particularly as the mixture chlorpyriphos/deltamethrin does not have WHOPES authorization and complaints were mentioned by the sleepers about the safety and smell of fenitrothion.
Using variable importance measures from causal inference to rank risk factors of schistosomiasis infection in a rural setting in China
Authors: Sudat Sylvia EK , Carlton Elizabeth J , Seto Edmund YW , Spear Robert C , Hubbard Alan E 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Background
Schistosomiasis infection, contracted through contact with contaminated water, is a global public health concern. In this paper we analyze data from a retrospective study reporting water contact and schistosomiasis infection status among 1011 individuals in rural China. We present semi-parametric methods for identifying risk factors through a comparison of three analysis approaches: a prediction-focused machine learning algorithm, a simple main-effects multivariable regression, and a semi-parametric variable importance (VI) estimate inspired by a causal population intervention parameter.

Results
The multivariable regression found only tool washing to be associated with the outcome, with a relative risk of 1.03 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.01-1.05. Three types of water contact were found to be associated with the outcome in the semi-parametric VI analysis: July water contact (VI estimate 0.16, 95% CI 0.11-0.22), water contact from tool washing (VI estimate 0.88, 95% CI 0.80-0.97), and water contact from rice planting (VI estimate 0.71, 95% CI 0.53-0.96). The July VI result, in particular, indicated a strong association with infection status - its causal interpretation implies that eliminating water contact in July would reduce the prevalence of schistosomiasis in our study population by 84%, or from 0.3 to 0.05 (95% CI 78%-89%).

Conclusions
The July VI estimate suggests possible within-season variability in schistosomiasis infection risk, an association not detected by the regression analysis. Though there are many limitations to this study that temper the potential for causal interpretations, if a high-risk time period could be detected in something close to real time, new prevention options would be opened. Most importantly, we emphasize that traditional regression approaches are usually based on arbitrary pre-specified models, making their parameters difficult to interpret in the context of real-world applications. Our results support the practical application of analysis approaches that, in contrast, do not require arbitrary model pre-specification, estimate parameters that have simple public health interpretations, and apply inference that considers model selection as a source of variation.
Concerns regarding hepatitis B vaccination and post-vaccination test among Brazilian dentists
Authors: Resende Vera Lúcia S , Abreu Mauro Henrique G , Paiva Saul M , Teixeira Rosângela , Pordeus Isabela A 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackgroundHepatitis B infection is the major cause of acute and chronic liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide and has long been recognized as an occupational hazard among dentists. The aim of the present study was to examine factors associated to the self-reporting of hepatitis B vaccination and immunization status among dentists working in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was carried out with 1302 dentists in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. After signing a term of informed consent, the participants answered a structured questionnaire on their knowledge regarding their vaccination and immunization status against hepatitis B. Data on demographic, behavioural and occupational exposure aspects were also collected through questionnaires.ResultsThe results revealed that 73.8% of the dentists reported having received three doses of the vaccine. Multivariate analysis revealed that gender (p = 0.006), use of individual protective equipment (p = 0.021), history of blood transfusion (p = 0.024) and history of illicit drug use (p = 0.013) were independently associated with vaccination against hepatitis B. Only 14.8% had performed a post-vaccination test. The use of individual protective equipment (p = 0.038), dentists who asked patients about hepatitis during dental treatment (p < 0.001), a family history of hepatitis B (p = 0.003) and work experience (p < 0.05) were independently associated with the post-vaccination test.ConclusionsAlthough there were a large number of vaccinated dentists in Belo Horizonte, the percentage was less than what was expected, as Brazil offers the National Program of Viral Hepatitis Vaccination, which provides free hepatitis B vaccinations to all healthcare workers. Despite being part of a high risk group for contamination, most of the dentists did not know their immunization status.
Egress of HSV-1 capsid requires the interaction of VP26 and a cellular tetraspanin membrane protein
Authors: Wang Lei , Liu Longding , Che Yanchun , Wang Lichun , Jiang Li , Dong Chenghong , Zhang Ying , Li Qihan 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
HSV-1 viral capsid maturation and egress from the nucleus constitutes a self-controlled process of interactions between host cytoplasmic membrane proteins and viral capsid proteins. In this study, a member of the tetraspanin superfamily, CTMP-7, was shown to physically interact with HSV-1 protein VP26, and the VP26-CTMP-7 complex was detected both in vivo and in vitro. The interaction of VP26 with CTMP-7 plays an essential role in normal HSV-1 replication. Additionally, analysis of a recombinant virus HSV-1-UG showed that mutating VP26 resulted in a decreased viral replication rate and in aggregation of viral mutant capsids in the nucleus. Together, our data support the notion that biological events mediated by a VP26 - CTMP-7 interaction aid in viral capsid enveloping and egress from the cell during the HSV-1 infectious process.
Technical Advance: The rat aorta contains resident mononuclear phagocytes with proliferative capacity and proangiogenic properties
Authors: Zorzi Penelope , Aplin Alfred C , Smith Kelly D , Nicosia Roberto F 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Methods to target/isolate aorta resident immunocytes and study their angiogenic behavior.
Angiogenesis in the aortic ring model is preceded by activation of the immune system and impaired by ablation of adventitial macrophages. Treatment of aortic cultures with M-CSF induced extensive periaortic outgrowth of CD45+ CD68+ mononuclear cells with ultrastructural features of macrophages and DCs. Periaortic lysis of collagen caused many CD45+ CD68+ cells to attach to the bottom of the culture dish. Lifting the collagen gels left behind patches of CD45+ CD68+ cells, which focally organized into branching cords. These cells also expressed CD14, CD169, F4/80, and α-SMA but not CD31, vWF, desmin, or CD163. DNA synthesis studies showed that M-CSF-stimulated cells were actively proliferating. Aortic patch cells showed phagocytic properties and responded to IL-4 and GM-CSF by expressing MHC II, differentiating into DCs, and forming multinucleated giant cells. They also stimulated angiogenesis and VEGF production in aortic ring cultures. This study demonstrates that the rat aorta contains a distinct subset of immature immunocytes capable of proliferating, differentiating into macrophages and DCs, and stimulating angiogenesis. Isolation of these cells in patches from M-CSF-stimulated aortic rings provides a reproducible system to study the biology and angiogenic role of the resident immune system of the aortic wall.
Role of immune-regulatory cells in skin pathology
Authors: Ilkovitch Dan 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTThe skin harbors a complex and unique immune system that protects against various pathologies, such as infection and cancer. Although many of the mechanisms of immune activation in the skin have been investigated, it is likewise important to uncover the immune-regulatory components that limit effective immunity or prevent autoimmunity. Several cell populations are involved in this immune-regulatory function, including CD4+ T cells that coexpress the transcription factor Foxp3, known as Tregs, and cells with immune-regulatory function known as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). This review focuses on the role that immune-regulatory cells, such as MDSCs and Tregs, play in cutaneous pathology, such as malignancy, psoriasis, dermatitis, burn wounds, and transplantation. Although their depletion may serve to augment immunity, expansion of these cells may be used to suppress excessive immune reactions. These cells are attractive, therapeutic targets for various conditions and thus, deserve further exploration.
Selective brain cooling and its vascular basis in diving seals
Authors: Blix Arnoldus Schytte , Walløe Lars , Messelt Edward B. , Folkow Lars P. 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARY
Brain (Tbrain), intra-aorta (Taorta), latissimus dorsi muscle (Tm) and rectal temperature (Tr) were measured in harp (Pagophilus groenlandicus) and hooded (Cystophora cristata) seals during experimental dives in 4°C water. The median brain cooling was about 1°C during 15 min diving, but in some cases it was as much as 2.5°C. Cooling rates were slow for the first couple of minutes, but increased significantly after about 5 min of diving. The onset of cooling sometimes occurred before the start of the dive, confirming that the cooling is under cortical control, like the rest of the diving responses. Taorta also fell significantly, and was always lower than Tbrain, while Tm was fairly stable during dives. Detailed studies of the vascular anatomy of front flippers revealed that brachial arterial blood can be routed either through flipper skin capillaries for nutritive purposes and return through sophisticated vascular heat exchangers to avoid heat loss to the environment, or, alternatively, through numerous arterio-venous shunts in the skin and return by way of large superficial veins, which then carry cold blood to the heart. In the latter situation the extent to which the brain is cooled is determined by the ratio of carotid to brachial arterial blood flow, and water temperature, and the cooling is selective in that only those organs that are circulated will be cooled. It is concluded that Tbrain is actively down-regulated during diving, sometimes by as much as 2.5°C, whereby cerebral oxygen requirements may be reduced by as much as 25% during extended dives.
Eu(TTA)3phen Nanobelts with Enhanced Luminescent Properties Prepared by Self-assembly
Authors: Guan Meili , Ma Dekun , Liu Sensen , Yang Dongpeng , Jiang Jinglu , Huang Shaoming 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Crystalline Eu(TTA)3phen (TTA is the conjugated base of 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone, phen represents 1,10-phenanthroline) nanobelts were first prepared by solution-phase self-assembly. It was found that the concentration of Eu(TTA)3phen and solvent could impose obvious effect on the morphologies of the resultant products. The as-prepared crystalline Eu(TTA)3phen nanobelts show enhanced photoluminescence (PL) intensity over that of Eu(TTA)3phen molecules dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at the same concentration.
Synthesis of MgSiN2 Cuboids by a Solid-state Reaction
Authors: Li Yajun , Xu Liqiang , Wang Liancheng , Ju Zhicheng , Yang Lishan , Xing Zheng , Qian Yitai 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
MgSiN2 cuboids were prepared using Si, Mg, and NaN3 powders as reactants in autoclaves at 350–500 °C for 12 h. SEM, TEM, and HRTEM images reveal that the product is composed of crystalline MgSiN2 cuboids. The synthesis parameters such as the ratio of the reactants, temperature, and reaction time were investigated. It is found that using appropriate excess of Mg and NaN3 favors the formation of MgSiN2.
Preparation of Loose-fit Polyrotaxane Composed of β-Cyclodextrin and Poly(ethylene glycol) Derivatives through the Slipping–Expanding Protocol
Authors: Katoono Ryo , Kobayashi Yuichiro , Yui Nobuhiko 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
At an elevated temperature, a methylated β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivative was self-assembled onto a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chain attached to bulky end groups (slipping), and entrapped through a chemical modification at the end groups (expanding), leading to an interlocked species. The preparation of a loose-fit polyrotaxane composed of β-CD and PEG was demonstrated as the slipping–expanding protocol.
Rhenium-catalyzed Regioselective Synthesis of Phenol Derivatives from 1,3-Diesters and Terminal Alkynes
Authors: Kuninobu Yoichiro , Iwanaga Takashi , Nishi Mitsumi , Takai Kazuhiko 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Treatment of malonates without a substituent at the active methylene moiety with terminal alkynes gave salicylates regioselectively. In contrast, when malonates bearing a substituent at the active methylene moiety were used, cyclic β-keto esters were generated regioselectively. Treatment of the formed cyclic β-keto esters with In(OTf)3 gave phenol derivatives via decarboxylation.