bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Urinary Metabolites of Organophosphate Pesticides
Authors: Bouchard Maryse F. , Bellinger David C. , Wright Robert O. , Weisskopf Marc G. 
Published: May 2010

OBJECTIVE:
The goal was to examine the association between urinary concentrations of dialkyl phosphate metabolites of organophosphates and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children 8 to 15 years of age.

METHODS:
Cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2000–2004) were available for 1139 children, who were representative of the general US population. A structured interview with a parent was used to ascertain ADHD diagnostic status, on the basis of slightly modified criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition.

RESULTS:
One hundred nineteen children met the diagnostic criteria for ADHD. Children with higher urinary dialkyl phosphate concentrations, especially dimethyl alkylphosphate (DMAP) concentrations, were more likely to be diagnosed as having ADHD. A 10-fold increase in DMAP concentration was associated with an odds ratio of 1.55 (95% confidence interval: 1.14–2.10), with adjustment for gender, age, race/ethnicity, poverty/income ratio, fasting duration, and urinary creatinine concentration. For the most-commonly detected DMAP metabolite, dimethyl thiophosphate, children with levels higher than the median of detectable concentrations had twice the odds of ADHD (adjusted odds ratio: 1.93 [95% confidence interval: 1.23–3.02]), compared with children with undetectable levels.

CONCLUSIONS:
These findings support the hypothesis that organophosphate exposure, at levels common among US children, may contribute to ADHD prevalence. Prospective studies are needed to establish whether this association is causal.
Risk of Cancer Following Hospitalization for Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Hemminki Kari , Li Xinjun , Sundquist Jan , Sundquist Kristina 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Objectives.
Cancer and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are two common diseases that may share risk factors. We aimed at determining subsequent cancer risks in patients hospitalized for T2D in Sweden.

Methods.
T2D patients were obtained from the nationwide Hospital Discharge Register; cancers were recorded from the Swedish Cancer Registry. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated for cancer following last hospitalization for T2D. The comparison group was the general Swedish population.

Results.
The number of hospitalized T2D patients from 1964 to 2007 was 125,126, of whom 26,641 had an affected family member. Altogether 24 cancers showed an elevated risk when follow-up was started after the last hospitalization. The highest SIRs were for pancreatic (6.08) and liver (4.25) cancers. The incidences of these cancers were even elevated when follow-up was started 5 years after the last hospitalization for T2D, with primary liver cancer showing the highest SIR of 4.66. Also increased were the incidences of upper aerodigestive tract, esophageal, colon, rectal, pancreatic, lung, cervical, endometrial, ovarian, and kidney cancers. Prostate cancer showed a lower risk. Familial T2D patients showed no exceptional elevated cancer risks but their prostate cancer and melanoma risks were lower.

Conclusions.
This study, covering approximately one half of Swedish T2D patients, showed an elevated risk for several cancers after hospitalization for T2D, probably indicating the profound metabolic disturbances of the underlying disease. The highest risks were found for liver and pancreatic cancers. No excess cancer risks were observed in familial diabetics. The lower risk for prostate cancer remains intriguing.
Uncertainty, the Demand for Health Care, and Precautionary Saving
Authors: Nocetti Diego , Smith William T 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
We analyze the demand for medical care and precautionary saving in a framework with uncertainty surrounding the incidence of illness and the effectiveness of medical treatments and a representation of preferences that disentangles ordinal preferences, risk preferences, and intertemporal smoothing preferences. We consider a pure consumption model with exogenous health capital and a model where young consumers invest in preventive care to increase their future health stock. In both cases, we establish conditions for the different sources for uncertainty to induce precautionary saving and we evaluate how uncertainty affects the demand of curative and preventive care. We also show that given the self-insurance function of preventive care, consumers' welfare may increase with the degree of uncertainty surrounding health care effectiveness.
The Forest Vegetation of the Tolfa-Ceriti Mountains (Northern Latium - Central Italy)
Authors: Pietro Romeo , Azzella Mattia , Facioni Laura 
Published: May 2010

The Forest Vegetation of the Tolfa-Ceriti Mountains (Northern Latium - Central Italy)The forests of the Tolfa-Ceriti mountains (Latium, central Italy) were investigated through a phytosociological approach. 249 relevés were performed and treated with multivariate analysis. 13 woodland communities were identified, of which 7 belong toQuercetalia pubescenti-petraeae, 1 toFagetalia sylvaticae, 1 toPopuletaliaand 4 toQuercetalia ilicis. The thermophilous Turkey oak-forests occurring on the trachytic hills of the Ceriti Mountains and on the flysch substrates of the Tolfa Mountains were included inRubio peregrinae-Quercetum cerridisass. nova.Quercus cerrisandFraxinus angustifoliasubsp.oxycarpawoodland communities of the footslopes have been ascribed toFraxino oxycarpae-Quercetum cerridis, while the widespread mesophilus Turkey oak forests have been ascribed toMelico-Quercetum cerridis. Cephalantero longifoliae-Quercetum cerridishas been restricted to acid and oligotrophic soils.Quercus petraeawoodlands, occurring on trachytic substrates have been described as a new association namedCarici olbiensis-Quercetum petraeaeass. nova. All these mixed oak woods have been included in the allianceCrataego laevigatae-Quercion cerridisArrigoni 1997. The nomenclatural problems concerning the prior nameTeucrio siculi-Quercion cerridisUbaldi 1988 are also discussed. The beech forests of the higher altitudes have been included inFraxino orni-Fagetum sylvaticae, while theAlnus glutinosaravine woodlands have been described as belonging to the new associationPolysticho setiferi-Alnetum glutinosae. Secondary communities ofAcer monspessulanumandAcer campestredeveloped on flysch substrates, and ofErica arboreaandArbutus unedo(Erico-Arbutetum unedonis) developed on trachytic substrates, have also been identified. Finally two types ofQuercus ilexwood have been identified:Cyclamino repandi-Quercetum ilicis, on sandstones, and the new associationArbuto unedonis-Quercetum ilicisass. nova on volcanic soils. This latter community can be considered as a coenological and geographical vicariant in central Italy of the sicilianErico-Quercetum ilicis.
Notes on phytosociology of Juniperus Excelsa in Macedonia (Southern Balkan Peninsula)
Authors: Matevski Vlado , Čarni Andraž , Kostadinovski Mitko , Marinšek Aleksander , Mucina Ladislav , Paušič Andrej , Šilc Urban 
Published: May 2010

Notes on phytosociology ofJuniperus Excelsain Macedonia (Southern Balkan Peninsula)Juniperus excelsais an East Mediterranean species found also in marginal, sub-mediterranean regions of the southern part of the Balkan Peninsula. It prefers shallow soils in the warmest habitats of the zone of thermophilous deciduous forests. In the past the rank of alliance and the name ofJuniperion excelsae-foetidissimaehave been suggested for the vegetation dominated byJuniperus excelsain the Balkan Peninsula. In this paper we present the valid description of the alliance in accordance with the International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature. The validation of theJuniperion excelsae-foetidissimaerequired description of a new association - theQuerco trojanae-Juniperetum excelsae.TheJuniperion excelsae-foetidissimaeis classified within the order ofQuercetalia pubescentisKlika 1933 (theQuercetea pubescentisDoing-Kraft ex Scamoni et Passarge 1959).
Saturation Effects of Dark Magneto-Optical Resonances Observed on the Alkali D1 Line
Authors: Kalvans L. , Kalvāns L. 
Published: May 2010

Saturation Effects of Dark Magneto-Optical Resonances Observed on the AlkaliD1LineTheoretical studies of saturation effects of dark magneto-optical resonances are presented. A model based on the optical Bloch equations is applied to simulate numerically the alkaliD1excitation in external magnetic field. The laser power densities at which the expected dark resonance contrast reaches maximum are analyzed and correlated with the quantum superposition states induced by exciting laser field. Fictional hyperfine structure constants for the excited state are used to vary the selection efficiency of hyperfine transitions.
Leaf Warblers (Phylloscopus spp.) As a Model Group in Migration Ecology Studies
Authors: Ciach Michał 
Published: May 2010

Leaf Warblers (Phylloscopus spp.) As a Model Group in Migration Ecology Studies
The aim of this paper is to review information on systematic position, distribution ranges, habitat requirements, morphology, and ecology of the leaf warblers (Phylloscopus spp.). Closely related species of this group present different migration strategies. Exhibiting many inter-specific similarities in morphology and ecological requirements, leaf warblers reveal high intra-specific variability. The morphological differentiation of individual species, subspecies, populations, and age-sex groups, affords considerable possibilities for migration studies, especially those concerning the basis of migration strategy. Leaf warblers make a group of model species, being a good subject for ecological studies. The knowledge of their migration strategies may be a good reference point for understanding a general pattern of the migration of European passerines.
A new species of Stichorkis (Orchidaceae, Malaxidinae) from Sarawak in Malaysia
Authors: Margońska Hanna 
Published: May 2010

A new species of Stichorkis (Orchidaceae, Malaxidinae) from Sarawak in Malaysia
A new species Stichorkis mieczyslawiana is described and illustrated. A brief explanation of the status and characteristics of genus Stichorkis are given.
Eragrostis pilosa (L.) P. Beauv. (Poaceae) in Poland
Authors: Nobis Marcin , Nobis Agnieszka 
Published: May 2010

Eragrostis pilosa (L.) P. Beauv. (Poaceae) in Poland
The paper presents new data on the occurrence of Eragrostis pilosa in Poland. The species has been considered as an ephemerophyte in the Polish flora. A new locality of E. pilosa was found in the railway areas of Nowosielce near Sanok (southern Poland) in 2007. The occurrence of the species at this locality was confirmed in 2008 and 2009. Because the species is established in anthropogenic habitats, it might be regarded as an epecophyte in Poland.
The flora of the former Łęczyca iron ore dumps
Authors: Siciński Jan , Sieradzki Jarosław 
Published: May 2010

The flora of the former Łęczyca iron ore dumps
Iron ore mines of the Łęczyca region started operating in the sixties and seventies of the 20th century and brought about considerable changes in the agricultural landscape of the town of Łęczyca and its vicinity. As a result of the ore exploitation, rock dumps as well as local depressions were created there. The subject of the present research was flora occurring in areas transformed by iron ore mining in the Łęczyca region. The flora is of spontaneous and anthropogenic (as a result of planting - reclamation) character. The results of the conducted research indicate that areas transformed by mining significantly increase their biological diversity.
Impact of forest management on genetic diversity of Quercus petraea populations: a case study from the Křivoklátsko Protected Landscape Area (Czech Republic)
Authors: Pospíšková Markéta , Dostálek Jiří 
Published: May 2010

Impact of forest management on genetic diversity of Quercus petraea populations: a case study from the Křivoklátsko Protected Landscape Area (Czech Republic)
In the Křivoklátsko Protected Landscape Area (Czech Republic), the relation between genetic diversity and intensity of management was studied in 3 populations of Quercus petraea (Mattuschka) Liebl. (sessile oak). Microsatellite analysis was used to assess genetic diversity. The results indicate that differences between populations in average number of alleles per locus are so small that no genetic difference can be proved between them. The values of heterozygosity for all 3 studied populations confirm the absence of significant genetic differences among them.
Evaluation of Competitiveness of Rail Transport on Example of Connection Among Regional Capitals in Czechia
Authors: Chmelík Jakub , Květoň Viktor , Marada Miroslav 
Published: May 2010

Evaluation of Competitiveness of Rail Transport on Example of Connection Among Regional Capitals in Czechia
The article is focused on evaluating the significance of rail passenger transport in transport contacts among regional capitals in Czechia representing the most important centres in the settlement hierarchy. The review of the particular connections works with the values of the year 2007 and is based on the relationship between supply and demand for rail passenger traffic. The evaluation is based on the number of rail links within the working day, while assuming that the supply is influenced by the location of the centre in the transport network and its position in the settlement hierarchy. Real demand data represent the number of tickets sold by the Czech Railways. Theoretical size of the interaction is obtained by application of the gravity model. Based on the final evaluation of indicators of supply and demand for rail traffic among regional capitals and their interactions, relations are described where demand is substantially below, respectively beyond the level of real supply and theoretical interaction, which is based on the importance of centres and their accessibility of the railway transport in time. In conclusion, the opportunities for the development of infrastructure in the selected connection in relation to transport planning are outlined, using the obtained results.
Achilles' Heels of Health Care Systems
Authors: Mertl Jan 
Published: May 2010

Achilles' Heels of Health Care Systems
The aim of this article is to research the organization of health care systems and their typical failures in relationship with the need for health care. It is based on extensive theoretical background from economics and social policy, where the concepts used have already been defined. It emphasizes the differences between public and private insurance, and the various models of health care. It shows waiting lists, deficits and not realized health care as inevitable attributes of particular model. While based theoretically, it pays attention to empirical evidence in countries that are the most similar to their theoretical incarnation, e. g. the British model of publicly financed government-owned health care facilities, German model of publicly financed private providers and the American model of privately financed private providers. Finally it discusses the question of convergence of health care systems and the possible way of solving the issues described.
Industrial Parks - History, Present and its Influence to the Employment
Authors: Vidová Jarmila 
Published: May 2010

Industrial Parks - History, Present and its Influence to the Employment
The term industrial park is currently a very frequently used. One of the conditions of their development is a positive trend of capital movement and correct allocation of capital in new conditions of Slovak and world economy. In current post-industrial stage of development, industrial parks grow in quality in comparison of parks built in the past when all the activities of product building were allocated were concentrated into one single place. The new generation of industrial parks is characteristic by producing just one product or completion of final goods from components. The present day development in Slovakia confirms that it is necessary to support creation of industrial parks because it has a positive influence to activities supporting research and development and increasing of employment.
Feasibility of dynamic MR-hysterosalpingography for the diagnostic work-up of infertile women
Authors: Winter Leopold , Glücker Thomas , Steimann Sabine , Fröhlich Johannes M. , Steinbrich Wolfgang , De Geyter Christian , Pegios Wassilios 
Published: May 2010

Background: Tubal disturbances often contribute to infertility. Conventional hysterosalpingography (HSG) is considered as standard in the assessment of the patency of the fallopian tubes, but requires ionizing radiation and is restricted to the imaging of endoluminal structures. Purpose: To evaluate dynamic magnetic resonance-HSG (dMR-HSG) in the diagnostic work-up in patients with infertility. Material and Methods: Thirty-seven consecutive infertile women underwent dMR-HSG: 20 ml of gadolinium-polyvidone solution (18.4 mM Dotarem 1:20 with polyvidone) were injected intracervically through a 5-Charriere balloon catheter while acquiring five consecutive flash-3D T1-weighted MR sequences with fat saturation. Two experienced readers assessed image quality and anatomic–pathologic correlations prospectively. The relevance of results was evaluated in the clinical context of each patient. Patient comfort was evaluated with a standardized questionnaire. Results: dMR-HSG was successfully completed in 33/37 patient with an average study time of 45 min. In 4 of 37 patients the catheter became dislodged during the examination, resulting in two complete diagnostic failures. Failure in another two patients was due to preliminary termination because of excessive pain and discomfort during the application of the contrast solution. The uterine cavity was completely visualized and bilateral fallopian tube patency was confirmed by dMR-HSG in 27 of 33 patients. Bilateral tubal occlusion was diagnosed in one of the remaining six patients and was confirmed by laparoscopy. Successful selective tubal catheterization was performed in one additional patient with unilateral and one patient with bilateral fallopian tube occlusion. In three cases, the catheter became dislocated at the end of the examination without demonstration of tubal patency. Since all three patients refused diagnostic laparoscopy and conventional HSG, possible bilateral occlusions of the fallopian tubes could not be further assessed. Conclusion: dMR-HSG with cervical cannulation and intracavitary gadolinium injection is feasible and allows assessment of the uterus, the fallopian tubes, and extra-uterine pelvic structures, while avoiding all ionizing radiation in infertile women aiming at pregnancy.
Function and Strength Following Gastrocnemius Recession for Isolated Gastrocnemius Contracture
Authors: Chimera Nicole J. , Castro Michael , Manal Kurt 
Published: May 2010

Background: Isolated gastrocnemius contracture (IGC), which limits ankle dorsiflexion with full knee extension, can affect function and quality of life. Gastrocnemius recession is a treatment option for IGC when conservative treatment fails. The goal of this study was to assess range of motion, function, and plantarflexion strength pre- and 3-months post-gastrocnemius recession for subjects with IGC. Materials and Methods: Ankle range of motion, function, and plantarflexion strength in seven legs (four subjects), clinically diagnosed with IGC, before and after surgery were compared to matched control subjects to elucidate pre- and post-surgical intervention differences. All subjects with IGC were also diagnosed with plantar fasciitis with one leg having an additional diagnosis of metatarsalgia. Results: Subjects with IGC had significant post surgical improvements at 3 months after surgery in dorsiflexion range of motion ( p = 0.016), function ( p = 0.016) and isokinetic plantarflexion strength ( p = 0.018). Conclusions: Surgical recession enhanced range of motion and self reported function while not inducing any detrimental effects to plantarflexion strength at a 3-month followup. Post-surgically IGC subjects were more similar to healthy controls. Level of Evidence: III, Case Control Series
A comparative study of elective and emergency tracheostomy
Authors: Choudhury A Allam , Sultana Tuhin , Joarder Md Abul Hasnat , Tarafder Kamrul Hassan 
Published: May 2010

This is a cross sectional study done in I.C.U & Dept. of otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, B.S.M.M.U, Dhaka and Dhaka Medical College Hospital during the period of 1st March, 2003 to 30th August, 2003. 60 cases of tracheostomies, were included in this study, among them 30 cases of elective tracheostomies and 30 cases of emergency tracheostomies. In this study mean age of elective tracheostomy was 40.46 years & mean age of emergency tracheostomy was 50.50 years. Here Male was predominant both in elective (M:F= 6.5:1) and emergency tracheostomy (9:1). The common indications of elective tracheostomy were ICSOL (26.67%) & Head injury (26.67%) where as commonest indication of emergency tracheostomy was laryngeal carcinoma (53.33%). The frequency of complication for elective tracheostomy was 9.99% and emergency tracheostomy 33.35%. Here complications were 3.33 times more common in cases of emergency tracheostomy then elective tracheostomy. Key-words: Tracheostomy, elective and emergency. DOI: 10.3329/bjo.v14i2.3282 Bangladesh J of Otorhinolaryngology 2008; 14(2) : 57-62
Role of Fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of Cervical lymphadenopathy
Authors: Bhuiyan Md Arif Hossain , Fakir Md Abu Yusuf , Hossain ABM Tofazzal , Huq AHM Zahurul , Gupta Sanjeev 
Published: May 2010

Objective: A study was carried out to know the overall prevalence of various causes responsible for cervical lymphadenopathy of more than 3 weeks duration. FNAC has been evaluated as a diagnostic tool in our clinical set up. We aimed to present 110 cases which we treated in our center within last 3½ years. Methods: A retrospective study has been carried out from June 2005 to December 2008 in the department of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery at Apollo Hospitals Dhaka. All patients presented with cervical lymphadenopathy of more than 3 weeks duration. FNAC has been done for all suspected cases. CT neck has been done in 4 cases for deep jugular nodes. 55 patients underwent biopsy as FNAC report was non-specific lymphadenitis. For three cases we have done frozen section biopsy. Preoperative workup with routine blood tests, Xray chest and tuberculin tests have been carried out for all cases. Results: Out of 110 FNAC of cervical lymphadenopathy - 55 were non-specific lymphadenitis, 32 were tuberculosis, 12 were metastatic (with 2 occult primary), 6 were lymphomas(Immunocytochemistry proved ) and 5 were abscess. All 55 non-specific lymphadenopathy cases (FNAC report) underwent lymph node biopsy.5 cases were consistent with tuberculosis , 1 was lymphoma and rest were reactive . For 3 cases frozen section biopsy have been done. One was consistent with granulomatous disease and two cases were diagnosed as lymphoid hyperplasia. Both the lymphoid hyperplasia cases have been diagnosed as Castleman's disease after histopathology report. Conclusion: The study concluded the fact that the non-specific infection is the most common cause of cervical lymphadenopathy followed by tuberculosis .Supplemented with routine laboratory investigations, FNAC give very important clue to the physicians among patients presented with cervical lymphadenopathy. Key Words: Lymphadenopathy, lymphoid hyperplasia, tuberculosis, lymphoma, castleman's disease. DOI: 10.3329/bjo.v14i2.3283 Bangladesh J of Otorhinolaryngology 2008; 14(2) : 63-65