bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aptamer-based protein molecule detection via cyclic reverse transcription coupling with self-priming hairpin-triggered CRISPR-Cas12a system
Authors: Gao Jie , Yang Xiaoqing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractProtein biomarkers (e.g. thrombin) are of great significance for the biological process of the organism, and its aberrant expression is closely associated with the development of diseases. With thrombin, a serine protease that plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and promoting blood clotting, as detection target, this study introduces a novel approach for sensitive and accurate measurement of protein biomarker expression by utilization of cyclic reverse transcription (CRT) in combination with the self-priming hairpin-triggered CRISPR-Cas12a system. In this method, an elegantly designed sensing probe is utilized to specifically bind with the thrombin protein and convert the protein signals to nucleic acids signals, following by the CRT and CRISPR-Cas12a system-based signal amplification strategy. Taking the merit of the two-stage amplification, this assay has the capability to detect thrombin at the fM level. In addition, due to the aptamer sequence’s strong selectivity to thrombin protein and the dual-check process in the signal amplification process (first in the CRT and second in the CRISPR system), the proposed test demonstrates exceptional specificity in detecting thrombin. By re-designing the sensing probe, the established method could be extended to various protein biomarker detection. Ultimately, this assay has successfully enabled the accurate evaluation of biomarker levels in constructed clinical samples, showing significant potential for application in the realm of clinical molecular diagnosis.
Heat transport process associated with the 2021 eruption of Aso volcano revealed by thermal and gas monitoring
Authors: Narita Shohei , Yokoo Akihiko , Ohkura Takahiro , Morita Masaaki , Mori Toshiya , Yoshikawa Shin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe thermal activity of a magmatic–hydrothermal system commonly changes at various stages of volcanic activity. Few studies have provided an entire picture of the thermal activity of such a system over an eruptive cycle, which is essential for understanding the subsurface heat transport process that culminates in an eruption. This study quantitatively evaluated a sequence of thermal activity associated with two phreatic eruptions in 2021 at Aso volcano. We estimated plume-laden heat discharge rates and corresponding H2O flux during 2020–2022 by using two simple methods. We then validated the estimated H2O flux by comparison with volcanic gas monitoring results. Our results showed that the heat discharge rate varied substantially throughout the eruptive cycle. During the pre-eruptive quiescent period (June 2020–May 2021), anomalously large heat discharge (300–800 MW) were observed that were likely due to enhanced magma convection degassing. During the run-up period (June–October 2021), there was no evident change in heat discharge (300–500 MW), but this was accompanied by simultaneous pressurization and heating of an underlying hydrothermal system. These signals imply progress of partial sealing of the hydrothermal system. In the co-eruptive period, the subsequent heat supply from a magmatic region resulted in additional pressurization, which led to the first eruption (October 14, 2021). The heat discharge rates peaked (2000–4000 MW) the day before the second eruption (October 19, 2021), which was accompanied by sustained pressurization of the magma chamber that eventually resulted in a more explosive eruption. In the post-eruptive period, enhanced heat discharge (~ 1000 MW) continued for four months, and finally returned to the background level of the quiescent period (< 300 MW) in early March 2022. Despite using simple models, we quantitatively tracked transient thermal activity and revealed the underlying heat transport processes throughout the Aso 2021 eruptive activity.
Graphical abstract
Control of astrocytic Ca2+ signaling by nitric oxide-dependent S-nitrosylation of Ca2+ homeostasis modulator 1 channels
Authors: Puebla Mariela , Muñoz Manuel F. , Lillo Mauricio A. , Contreras Jorge E. , Figueroa Xavier F. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Astrocytes Ca2+ signaling play a central role in the modulation of neuronal function. Activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR) by glutamate released during an increase in synaptic activity triggers coordinated Ca2+ signals in astrocytes. Importantly, astrocytes express the Ca2+-dependent nitric oxide (NO)-synthetizing enzymes eNOS and nNOS, which might contribute to the Ca2+ signals by triggering Ca2+ influx or ATP release through the activation of connexin 43 (Cx43) hemichannels, pannexin-1 (Panx-1) channels or Ca2+ homeostasis modulator 1 (CALHM1) channels. Hence, we aim to evaluate the participation of NO in the astrocytic Ca2+ signaling initiated by stimulation of mGluR in primary cultures of astrocytes from rat brain cortex.

Results
Astrocytes were stimulated with glutamate or t-ACPD and NO-dependent changes in [Ca2+]i and ATP release were evaluated. In addition, the activity of Cx43 hemichannels, Panx-1 channels and CALHM1 channels was also analyzed. The expression of Cx43, Panx-1 and CALHM1 in astrocytes was confirmed by immunofluorescence analysis and both glutamate and t-ACPD induced NO-mediated activation of CALHM1 channels via direct S-nitrosylation, which was further confirmed by assessing CALHM1-mediated current using the two-electrode voltage clamp technique in Xenopus oocytes. Pharmacological blockade or siRNA-mediated inhibition of CALHM1 expression revealed that the opening of these channels provides a pathway for ATP release and the subsequent purinergic receptor-dependent activation of Cx43 hemichannels and Panx-1 channels, which further contributes to the astrocytic Ca2+ signaling.

Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate that activation of CALHM1 channels through NO-mediated S-nitrosylation in astrocytes in vitro is critical for the generation of glutamate-initiated astrocytic Ca2+ signaling.
Policy perception, job satisfaction and intentions to remain in rural area: evidence from the National Compulsory Service Programme in China
Authors: He Yanrong , Wang Peicheng , Du Yanrong , Li Hange , Chen Yanhua , Zhu Jiming 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Exploring factors that may influence general practitioners (GPs)’ intentions to remain in rural area is necessary to inform the training and placement of future medical workforce in rural area. However, little is known about how GPs’ perception towards the National Compulsory Service Programme (NCSP) and job satisfaction impact their turnover intention. This paper explores GPs’ intentions to remain in rural China and how their policy perception and job satisfaction predict the intentions.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional, online survey from December 2021 to February 2022 to investigate GPs’ perception towards NCSP, job satisfaction, and intentions to remain in rural area. Eligible participants were GPs who were required to provide health services as part of NCSP at township health centres of 9 provinces which could represent all NCSP GPs in China. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the associations between policy perceptions, job satisfaction, and intentions to remain.

Results
Of 3615 GPs included in the analysis, 442 (12.2%) would like to remain in rural area and 1266 (35.0%) were unsure. Results of the multinomial logistic regression analyses showed that compared with GPs who would leave, GPs with higher perception scores for the restriction on taking postgraduate exam (RRR: 1.93, 95% CI 1.72, 2.16) and the commitment to work for six years (RRR: 1.53, 95% CI 1.31, 1.78) were more likely to remain. In contrast, GPs who had higher perception scores for completing standardised residency training (RRR: 0.75, 95% CI 0.64, 0.88) and passing National Medical Licensing Examinations (RRR: 0.74, 95% CI 0.62, 0.87) were more likely to leave. GPs who were satisfied with the freedom of choosing work methods (RRR: 1.52, 95% CI 1.25, 1.84) and chances of promotion (RRR: 1.60, 95% CI 1.32, 1.94) were more likely to remain.

Conclusions
This study highlights the significance of policy perception and job satisfaction on GPs’ intentions to remain in rural area. Factors such as career advancement and the empowerment of GPs to build on and use their skills and abilities should be taken into account when designing rural placement programmes.
Banana bunchy top virus movement protein induces resistance in banana against Fusarium wilt
Authors: Wang Weiying , Wan Wenqiang , Chen Qian , Wei Taiyun , Zhang Hongxiang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBanana Fusarium wilt, which is known as Panama disease and caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), is a destructive disease that can lead to plant death and complete loss of banana plantations. For obtaining resistant varieties against Fusarium wilt, research is required to elucidate the mechanisms of genetic resistance to Foc. In this research, the banana plants infected with banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) showed resistance to Foc. RNA-seq results showed that the infection with Foc upregulated many resistance-related genes in BBTV-positive plants, especially genes related to ROS production. It was also found that more H2O2 in BBTV-positive plants was induced during Foc infection. The movement protein (MP) of BBTV could increase H2O2 levels by promoting the accumulation of MaSGT1a (suppressor of the G-two allele of SKP1) via direct interaction. Thus, the resistance to Foc induced by BBTV may attribute to MP increasing MaSGT1a protein levels to induce ROS production. MaSGT1a could promote the accumulation of R proteins MaRPM1 and MaRPP8, and increase H2O2 levels in Nicotiana benthamiana. The expression of R proteins in Nicotiana benthamiana caused an increase in H2O2 levels and promoted resistance to Foc. Thus, the MP of BBTV could induce plant defense through interaction with MaSGT1a. We speculate that MaSGT1a is likely involved in R gene-mediated resistance and thereby promotes the resistance of banana against Foc.
Adjunctive immunotherapeutic agents in patients with sepsis and septic shock: a multidisciplinary consensus of 23
Authors: Girardis Massimo , Coloretti Irene , Antonelli Massimo , Berlot Giorgio , Busani Stefano , Cortegiani Andrea , De Pascale Gennaro , De Rosa Francesco Giuseppe , De Rosa Silvia , Donadello Katia , Donati Abele , Forfori Francesco , Giannella Maddalena , Grasselli Giacomo , Montrucchio Giorgia , Oliva Alessandra , Pasero Daniela , Piazza Ornella , Romagnoli Stefano , Tascini Carlo , Viaggi Bruno , Tumbarello Mario , Viale Pierluigi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn the last decades, several adjunctive treatments have been proposed to reduce mortality in septic shock patients. Unfortunately, mortality due to sepsis and septic shock remains elevated and NO trials evaluating adjunctive therapies were able to demonstrate any clear benefit. In light of the lack of evidence and conflicting results from previous studies, in this multidisciplinary consensus, the authors considered the rational, recent investigations and potential clinical benefits of targeted adjunctive therapies.MethodsA panel of multidisciplinary experts defined clinical phenotypes, treatments and outcomes of greater interest in the field of adjunctive therapies for sepsis and septic shock. After an extensive systematic literature review, the appropriateness of each treatment for each clinical phenotype was determined using the modified RAND/UCLA appropriateness method.ResultsThe consensus identified two distinct clinical phenotypes: patients with overwhelming shock and patients with immune paralysis. Six different adjunctive treatments were considered the most frequently used and promising: (i) corticosteroids, (ii) blood purification, (iii) immunoglobulins, (iv) granulocyte/monocyte colony-stimulating factor and (v) specific immune therapy (i.e. interferon-gamma, IL7 and AntiPD1). Agreement was achieved in 70% of the 25 clinical questions.ConclusionsAlthough clinical evidence is lacking, adjunctive therapies are often employed in the treatment of sepsis. To address this gap in knowledge, a panel of national experts has provided a structured consensus on the appropriate use of these treatments in clinical practice.
Diagnostic features of paediatric catatonia: multisite retrospective cohort study
Authors: Smith Joshua R. , York Tasia , Baldwin Isaac , Fuchs Catherine , Fricchione Gregory , Luccarelli James 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundCatatonia is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterised by psychomotor changes that can affect individuals across the lifespan. Although features of catatonia have been described in adults, the most common clinical symptoms among paediatric patients with catatonia are not well characterised.AimsThe goal of this study was to characterise the symptoms of catatonia demonstrated by paediatric patients, and to explore demographic and diagnostic factors associated with greater catatonia severity.MethodWe conducted a multicentre retrospective cohort study, from 1 January 2018 to 6 January 2023, of patients aged 18 and younger with a clinical diagnosis of catatonia and symptom assessment using the Bush Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS).ResultsA total of 143 patients met inclusion criteria. The median age was 15 (interquartile range: 13–16) years and 66 (46.2%) patients were female. Neurodevelopmental disabilities were present in 55 (38.5%) patients. Patients demonstrated a mean of 6.0 ± 2.1 signs of catatonia on the Bush Francis Catatonia Screening Item, with a mean BFCRS score of 15.0 ± 5.9. Among the 23 items of the BFCRS, six were present in >50% of patients (staring, mutism, immobility/stupor, withdrawal, posturing/catalepsy, rigidity), and four were present in <20% of cases (waxy flexibility, mitgehen, gegenhalten, grasp reflex). In an adjusted model, patients with neurodevelopmental disorders demonstrated greater BFCRS severity than those with other diagnoses.ConclusionsCatatonia was diagnosed in a range of mental health conditions. Further research is needed to define optimal diagnostic criteria for catatonia in paediatric patients, and clarify the clinical course of the disorder.
Endoscopic Retrolabyrinthine Craniotomy for Exposure of the Trigeminal Nerve Root Entry Zone: Volumetric Analysis of Anatomic Exposure in the Cadaver
Authors: Chau Dominic , Olszewski Adam , D'Agostino Anna K. , Ellsperman Susan , Slattery William H. , Lekovic Gregory P. 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Exposure of the root entry zone (REZ) of the trigeminal nerve (TN) for microvascular decompression is commonly obtained with a retrosigmoid approach, with or without endoscopic assistance. We hypothesized that adequate exposure of the TN REZ could be obtained through an endoscopic retrolabyrinthine (RL) approach. We aim to quantify exposure of the REZ of the TN using endoscopic RL approach, with and without drilling of the suprameatal tubercle of the internal auditory canal.

METHODS:
Surgical dissection was performed bilaterally on 3 embalmed cadaveric human heads at the anatomy laboratory of the House Institute. Heads were scanned for volumetric analysis using 3D Slicer software both before and after dissection. Extent of exposure was quantified in 2 ways: first, by assessment of the surgeon's ability to visualize 16 predetermined anatomic landmarks with the endoscope and second, we estimated the “working” area by placing fiducials under the fully endoscopic view and calculating the resultant 3D volume.

RESULTS:
Using the standard endoscopic RL approach, an average of 13.8 landmarks (range 12-16) was visualized. The estimated working volume exposed by the RL on each side of each head varied from 189.28 to 527.85 mm3. Drilling of the suprameatal tubercle provided both increases in landmark visualization and, on average, an additional 55 mm3 of working volume.

CONCLUSION:
The endoscopic RL approach is a viable alternative to the standard retrosigmoid approach. Potential advantages of the RL include a more lateral trajectory that minimizes the need for cerebellar retraction and a shorter working distance and shallower angle to the cerebellopontine angle. Potential disadvantages include longer surgery time, increased technical difficulty of exposure, and potential for cerebrospinal fluid leak and or hearing loss.
Multidisciplinary Surgical Approach Using Augmented Reality Preplanning for Resection of Giant Thoracic Schwannoma With Robotic-Assisted Thoracoscopic Mobilization
Authors: Monek Adam C. , Mitha Rida , Andrews Edward , Sarkaria Inderpal S. , Agarwal Nitin , Hamilton D. Kojo 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE:
In adults, primary spinal cord tumors account for 5% of all primary tumors of the central nervous system, with schwannomas making up about 74% of all nerve sheath tumors. Thoracic schwannomas can pose a threat to neurovasculature, presenting a significant challenge to safe and complete surgical resection. For patients presenting with complex pathologies including tumors, a dual surgeon approach may be used to optimize patient care and improve outcomes.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:
A 73-year-old female previously diagnosed with a nerve sheath tumor of the fourth thoracic vertebra presented with significant thoracic pain and a history of falls. Imaging showed that the tumor had doubled in size ranging from T3 to T5. Augmented reality volumetric rendering was used to clarify anatomic relationships of the mass for perioperative evaluation and decision-making. A dual surgeon approach was used for complete resection. First, a ventrolateral left video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery was performed with robotic assistance followed by a posterior tumor resection and thoracic restabilization. The patient did well postoperatively.

CONCLUSION:
Although surgical treatment of large thoracic dumbbell tumors presents a myriad of risks, perioperative evaluation with augmented reality, new robotic surgical techniques, and a dual surgeon approach can be implemented to mitigate these risks.
Abdominal ultrasonography as a tool to quantify adipose tissue in critically ill patients
Authors: York Jesse , Remmert Nicole , Nugent Kenneth 
Published: April 2024

Adipose tissue has important roles in both healthy and disease states. Quantifying adipose tissue composition and distribution may help predict outcomes and guide management in intensive care unit patients. Computed tomography is the preferred method for measuring adipose tissue but has drawbacks, such as radiation exposure and the need to transport patients. Ultrasonography is a safer, more convenient alternative for bedside assessment of body fat composition. This review examines the relevance of adipose tissue in critical illness and describes ultrasound techniques to quantify subcutaneous, visceral, and epicardial adipose tissue depots. Standardized protocols to measure subcutaneous fat thickness at multiple sites and approaches to estimate visceral fat using the supraumbilical or xipho-umbilical lines are discussed. A technique to quantify epicardial fat thickness using transthoracic echocardiography is also presented. While more research is needed, bedside ultrasonography shows promise for monitoring adipose tissue changes and their potential associations with outcomes in critically ill patients.

Key words: Ultrasonography, critical illness, body composition, subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue, epicardial adipose tissue
Bargaining with Voluntary Disclosure and Endogenous Matching
Authors: Davis Andrew M. , Hyndman Kyle 
Published: April 2024

We investigate a bargaining setting between an “informed” player, who has private information, and an “uninformed” player. The informed player has the option to truthfully disclose private information in two unique environments. In the first environment, the informed player is randomly matched with an uninformed player and, after matching, can voluntarily disclose private information prior to a negotiation taking place. In the second environment, the informed player can voluntarily disclose private information before any endogenous matching between players (and subsequent negotiation) takes place. We begin by examining these environments theoretically. When disclosure occurs after matching, we show that low informed types should disclose more often than high informed types to avoid disagreement. However, when disclosure occurs before matching, for a range of parameter values, we show that high informed types should disclose more than low informed types to secure a better match. We test these predictions in a controlled human-subjects experiment and verify many of the theoretical predictions. Among other results, we find that low informed types do indeed disclose their private information to avoid disagreement and that, when it is in their interest to do so, high informed types disclose their private information to secure a better match. Another key insight is that high uninformed types benefit from disclosure regardless of whether it occurs before or after matching. This paper was accepted by Axel Ockenfels, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.03566 .
Prevalence and associated factors of congenital anomalies in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mogess Wubshet Nebiyu , Mihretie Tefera Belsty 
Published: April 2024

Background
Congenital anomalies represent a significant contributor to infant mortality, morbidity, and enduring disability. With this in mind, the present investigation endeavour to ascertain the pooled prevalence of congenital anomalies and associated determinants among neonates in Ethiopia.

Method
PubMed, Google Scholar, CINAHAL, Hinari, and Global Health databases were systematically searched. Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) assessment checklist was used to assess quality of included studies. Data were extracted from database and exported to stataMP-17 for analysis. Pooled prevalence was determined using DerSimonian-Laird random effects model. The degree of heterogeneity and Publication bias were assessed using I2 statistics and Eggers test, respectively. Study protocol was registered under PROSPERO ID CRD42021229140.

Result
A total of 18 studies with 519,327 participants were included in the study. Pooled prevalence of congenital anomalies in Ethiopia was 2% (95% CI: 0.02, 0.03%). Among affected newborns neural tube defect (48%) was the most common congenital anomaly in Ethiopia, followed by orofacial cleft (19%). Risk factors such as alcohol consumption (pooled OR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.54, 3.38), lack of folic acid supplement (pooled OR: 2.83, 95% CI: 1.09–7.36), medication during pregnancy (pooled OR: 2.58, 95% CI: 1.03–6.47), khat (Catha edulis) chewing (pooled OR: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.61–3.71), exposure to pesticides (pooled OR: 4.45, 95% CI: 2.44–8.09) and maternal illness (pooled OR:1.79, 95% CI: 1.03, 3.10) had statistically significant association with congenital anomalies in Ethiopia.

Conclusion
In this review, prevalence of congenital anomalies in Ethiopia was high with considerable regional variation. The most common type of congenital anomaly in Ethiopia was neural tube defects, followed by oro-facial cleft. Alcohol consumption, inadequate intake of folic acid, khat chewing, maternal diseases, exposure to pesticides, and use of medication during pregnancy were identified as potential contributors to congenital abnormalities in Ethiopia.