bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in primary glioblastoma multiforme cells
Authors: Baron Nina , Deuster Oliver , Noelker Carmen , Stüer Carsten , Strik Herwig , Schaller Carlo , Dodel Richard , Meyer Bernhard , Bacher Michael 
Published: February 2011

AbstractMacrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a protein that is overexpressed in many tumors, such as colon and prostate cancer, melanoma, and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). In its function as a cytokine, MIF induces angiogenesis, promotes cell cycle progression, and inhibits apoptosis. Recently, the molecular signal transduction has been specified: MIF has been found to be a ligand to the CD74/CD44‐receptor complex and to activate the ERK1/2 MAPK cascade. In addition MIF binds to the chemokine receptors CXCR2 and CXCR4. This effects an integrin‐dependent leukocyte arrest and mediates leukocyte chemotaxis. Recent work has described a clearer role of MIF in GBM tumor cell lines. The current study used human primary GBM cells. We show that inhibition of MIF with ISO‐1, an inhibitor of the D‐dopachrome tautomerase site of MIF, reduced the growth rate of primary GBM cells in a dose‐dependent manner, and in addition ISO‐1 increased protein expression of MIF and its receptors CD74, CXCR2, and CXCR4 in vitro but decreased expression of CD44. Furthermore, hypoxia as cell stressor increases the protein expression of MIF in primary GBM cells. These results underscore the importance of MIF in GBM and show that MIF and its receptors may be a promising target for the treatment of malignant gliomas. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Soft tissue thickness under the metatarsal heads is reduced in older people with toe deformities
Authors: Mickle Karen J. , Munro Bridget J. , Lord Stephen R. , Menz Hylton B. , Steele Julie R. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine whether thickness of the plantar soft tissue (ST) under the metatarsal heads (MTH) differed between older individuals with and without toe deformities. Non‐weightbearing total ST and fat pad (FP) thickness at the heel, 1st metatarsal head (1MTH) and 5th metatarsal head (5MTH) were measured using ultrasound in 312 men and women aged over 60 years. Each participant had their feet assessed for the presence of hallux valgus or lesser toe deformities. Total ST and FP thicknesses in those with hallux valgus (n = 36) or lesser toe deformities (n = 72) were compared to gender‐, age‐ and BMI‐matched controls using independent t‐tests. Individuals with hallux valgus had significantly reduced total ST thickness under 1MTH compared to controls (7.4 ± 1.6 mm vs. 8.5 ± 1.5 mm; p = 0.002). Similarly, individuals with lesser toe deformities displayed significantly reduced total ST thickness under 5MTH compared to controls (5.1 ± 1.0 mm vs. 5.5 ± 1.3 mm; p = 0.01). As FP thickness did not differ between cases and controls, we speculate that the musculotendinous complex is compromised, and may result in reduced toe function in those with toe deformities. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29: 1042–1046, 2011
Effect of various concentrations of antibiotics on osteogenic cell viability and activity
Authors: Rathbone Christopher R. , Cross Jessica D. , Brown Kate V. , Murray Clinton K. , Wenke Joseph C. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractInfection is a common complication of open fractures. Systemic antibiotics often cause adverse events before eradication of infected bone occurs. The local delivery of antibiotics and the use of implants that deliver both growth factors and antimicrobials are ways to circumvent systemic toxicity while decreasing infection and to reach extremely high levels required to treat bacterial biofilms. When choosing an antibiotic for a local delivery system, one should consider the effect that the antibiotic has on cell viability and osteogenic activity. To address this concern, osteoblasts were treated with 21 different antibiotics over 8 concentrations from 0 to 5,000 µg/ml. Osteoblast deoxyribonucleic acid content and alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) were measured to determine cell number and osteogenic activity, respectively. Antibiotics that caused the greatest decrement include rifampin, minocycline, doxycycline, nafcillin, penicillin, ciprofloxacin, colistin methanesulfonate, and gentamicin; their cell number and ALP were significantly less than control at drug concentrations ≤200 µg/ml. Conversely, amikacin, tobramycin, and vancomycin were the least cytotoxic and did not appreciably affect cell number and ALP until very high concentrations were used. This comprehensive evaluation of numerous antibiotics' effects on osteoblast viability and activity will enable clinicians and researchers to choose the optimal antibiotic for treatment of infection and maintenance of healthy host bone. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29: 1070–1074, 2011
Stromal cell‐derived factor‐1 and monocyte chemotactic protein‐3 improve recruitment of osteogenic cells into sites of musculoskeletal repair
Authors: Shinohara Kentaro , Greenfield Stephen , Pan Hui , Vasanji Amit , Kumagai Ken , Midura Ronald J. , Kiedrowski Matthew , Penn Marc S. , Muschler George F. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractHoming of osteogenic cells through the systemic circulation represents an alternative to traditional orthopedic tissue engineering approaches that focus on local cell populations. We hypothesize that expression of the chemokine, stromal cell‐derived factor‐1 (SDF‐1) or monocyte chemotactic protein‐3 (MCP‐3) may enhance homing of osteogenic cells into sites of fracture repair, as both have demonstrated promise in recruitment of marrow stromal cells (MSCs). This hypothesis was tested by transplantation of culture expanded MSCs expressing these factors adjacent to a fracture site on a collagen scaffold. One green fluorescent protein positive (GFP+) and one wild‐type mouse were surgically conjoined as parabiots at 7–8 weeks of age. Fibular osteotomy was performed 4 weeks after parabiosis on the hind limb of the wild‐type mouse. Mice were randomly allocated to receive one of the following five treatments: control (no scaffold), empty scaffold (no cells), or scaffold containing MSCs, scaffold containing MSCs expressing SDF‐1, or scaffold containing MSCs expressing MCP‐3. Fracture callus was harvested 2 weeks after injury, and analyzed with confocal microscopy and cell‐counting software. When compared to fracture callus treated with nontransfected MSCs, the fracture callus of mice treated with both SDF‐1 and MCP‐3 secreting MSCs demonstrated a significant increase in the number of both GFP+ cells (p = 0.0003, p = 0.02) and GFP+/AP+ cells (p = 0.0005, p = 0.01). These data suggest that homing of osteogenic cells from systemic circulation participate in fracture repair and that homing pathways might be modulated to enhance the contribution of circulating progenitors at the site of skeletal injury. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29: 1064–1069, 2011
Prevalence of facet joint degeneration in association with intervertebral joint degeneration in a sample of organ donors
Authors: Li Jun , Muehleman Carol , Abe Yumiko , Masuda Koichi 
Published: February 2011

AbstractAmong the most common causes of low back pain are strain on the muscles and ligaments associated with the spine, degeneration of the intervertebral discs (IVDs), and osteoarthritis of the facet joints. It is not clear, however, how these latter two conditions are related to each other in terms of their development during a patient's lifetime. The facet joint is the sole synovial joint of the spine but because it is difficult to image its degenerative history as well as its relationship to other degenerative factors within the spine remain elusive. We compared the gross and histologic characteristics of the lumbar spine from a sample of organ donors to the integrity of their associated IVDs as assessed through magnetic resonance imaging. In our study sample, we found that facet joint degeneration was common, occurring as early as 15 years of age, while the IVD could still remain intact. Facet degeneration was more severe at the L4/5 level and progressed along with IVD degeneration with age. Because such early degenerative changes in the facet joint are somewhat surprising, degeneration of this joint should not be overlooked when assessing OA of the spine and causes of lower back pain. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29: 1267–1274, 2011
Determination of annulus fibrosus cell response to tensile strain as a function of duration, magnitude, and frequency
Authors: Sowa Gwendolyn , Coelho Paulo , Vo Nam , Bedison Ron , Chiao Andrew , Davies Cara , Studer Rebecca , Kang James 
Published: February 2011

AbstractAs clinical evidence suggests that mechanical forces can have both reparative and traumatic effects on the spine, we investigated responses to different magnitudes, frequencies, and durations of applied tensile strain in an in vitro system. We examined the interactions of inflammatory and mechanical stimuli on cells isolated from the annulus fibrosus. Rabbit annulus fibrosus fibrochondrocytes were cultured in the presence or absence of an inflammatory stimulus. Cells were exposed to various magnitudes and frequencies of tensile strain for 4 or 24 h, and mRNA expression of catabolic mediators of inflammation and matrix degradation was measured by quantitative real time PCR and compared to control cells. Conditioned media were analyzed for matrix metalloprotease activity and production of prostaglandin E2. Application of low magnitudes and frequencies of tensile strain resulted in down‐regulation of catabolic mediators, particularly under inflammatory stress. However, loss of this protective effect was observed at higher frequency and magnitude, and after prolonged duration. These in vitro data confirm the existence of magnitude, frequency, and duration based effects, which determine biochemical response of disc tissue resulting in either anti‐ or pro‐catabolic outcomes. This may help to explain the beneficial effects of motion‐based therapies as well as the destructive effect of traumatic levels of applied strain. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29: 1275–1283, 2011
Wear and migration of highly cross‐linked and conventional cemented polyethylene cups with cobalt chrome or Oxinium femoral heads: A randomized radiostereometric study of 150 patients
Authors: Kadar Thomas , Hallan Geir , Aamodt Arild , Indrekvam Kari , Badawy Mona , Skredderstuen Arne , Havelin Leif Ivar , Stokke Terje , Haugan Kristin , Espehaug Birgitte , Furnes Ove 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis randomized study was performed to compare wear and migration of five different cemented total hip joint articulations in 150 patients. The patients received either a Charnley femoral stem with a 22.2 mm head or a Spectron EF femoral stem with a 28 mm head. The Charnley articulated with a γ‐sterilized Charnley Ogee acetabular cup. The Spectron EF was used with either EtO‐sterilized non‐cross‐linked polyethylene (Reflection All‐Poly) or highly cross‐linked (Reflection All‐Poly XLPE) cups, combined with either cobalt chrome (CoCr) or Oxinium femoral heads. The patients were followed with repeated RSA measurements for 2 years. After 2 years, the EtO‐sterilized non‐cross‐linked Reflection All‐Poly cups had more than four times higher proximal penetration than its highly cross‐linked counterpart. Use of Oxinium femoral heads did not affect penetration at 2 years compared to heads made of CoCr. Further follow‐up is needed to evaluate the benefits, if any, of Oxinium femoral heads in the clinical setting. The Charnley Ogee was not outperformed by the more recently introduced implants in our study. We conclude that this prostheses still represents a standard against which new implants can be measured. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29: 1222–1229, 2011
Pleistocene geochemical stratigraphy of the borehole 1317E (IODP Expedition 307) in Porcupine Seabight, SW of Ireland: applications to palaeoceanography and palaeoclimate of the coral mound development
Authors: Li Xianghui , Takashima Chiduru , Kano Akihiro , Sakai Saburo , Chen Yunhua , Xu Baoliang ,   Iodp Expedition 307 Scientists
Published: February 2011

AbstractStable isotopes and element compositions of the fine‐grained matrix were measured for IODP Expedition 307 Hole U1317E drilled from the summit of Challenger Mound in Porcupine Seabight, northeast Atlantic, to explore the palaeoceanographic and palaeoclimatic background to development of the deep‐water coral mound. The 155 m long mound section was divided into two units by an unconformity at 23.6 mbsf: Unit M1 (2.6–1.7 Ma) and Unit M2 (1.0–0.5 Ma). Results from 519 specimens show a difference in δ13C value between Unit M1 (−0.6‰ to −5.0‰) and Unit M2 (−1.0‰ to 1.0‰), but such a distinct difference was not seen in δ18O values (1.0‰–2.5‰), CaCO3 content (40–60 wt%), Sr/Ca ratio (2.0–8.0 mmol mol−1), and Mg/Ca ratio (10.0–20.0 mmol mol−1) through the mound. Positive δ18O and negative δ13C shifts at the mound base are consistent with the oceanographic changes in the northeast Atlantic at the beginning of the Quaternary. The positive δ13C regression in Unit M2 suggests a linkage to the mid Pleistocene intensified glaciation in the Northern Hemisphere. Warm Mediterranean Upper Core Water of Mediterranean Outflow Water, Eastern North Atlantic Water and cold Labrador Sea Water of North Atlantic Deep Water are key oceanographic features that cause spikes and shifts in stable isotope and element composition. However, the stable isotope values of the sediment matrix could not primarily record the glacial–interglacial eustatic/temperature change, but indirectly indicate current regimes of the intermediate oceanic layer where the coral mound grew. Similarly, elemental ratios and CaCO3 content may not represent the productivity and temperature of surface sea water, respectively, but superpose the fractions from both surface and bottom water. It is concluded that palaeoceanographic change coupled to the Pleistocene glacial/interglacial cycles is a key control on the geochemical stratigraphy of the matrix sediments of the carbonate mound developed in Porcupine Seabight. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A survey of β‐glucan and arabinoxylan content in wheat
Authors: Pritchard Jenifer R , Lawrence Gregory J , Larroque Oscar , Li Zhongyi , Laidlaw Hunter KC , Morell Matthew K , Rahman Sadequr 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Dietary fibre lowers the risk of coronary heart disease and colorectal cancer. This survey quantifies mixed link β‐glucan (MBG) and arabinoxylan (AX) in wheat and investigates relationships between the grain carbohydrates. MBG and AX contents were measured in 500 and 200 wheat accessions respectively, including diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid genotypes comprising primitive, synthetic and elite lines.RESULTS: Overall, MBG contents ranged between 1.8 and 18.0 g kg−1 grain dry weight. In wheat–barley addition lines and triticale hexaploids the levels were 9.0–11.3 and 3.5–9.6 g kg−1 respectively. The amounts in synthetic wheats were nearer their tetraploid parents than their diploid parents. AX and total non‐starch polysaccharide (NSP) contents ranged from 23.7 to 107.5 g kg−1 and from 31.7 to 136.7 g kg−1 respectively. Linear regressions showed that the relationships of starch and grain weight with NSP glucose were stronger than those with AX.CONCLUSION: The results indicated insufficient genetic diversity in the germplasm surveyed to initiate a breeding programme to increase the amount of MBG in wheat grain to 20 g kg−1, a level considered high enough to confer a 10–15% reduction in blood cholesterol. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Modeling traceability information and functionality requirement in export‐oriented tilapia chain
Authors: Zhang Xiaoshuan , Feng Jianying , Xu Mark , Hu Jinyou 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Tilapia has been named as the ‘food fish of the 21st century’ and has become the most important farmed fish. China is the world leader in tilapia production and export. Identifying information and functional requirements is critical in developing an efficient traceability system because traceability has become a fundamental prerequisite for exporting aquaculture products.RESULTS: This paper examines the export‐oriented tilapia chains and information flow in the chains, and identifies the key actors, information requirements and information‐capturing points. Unified Modeling Language (UML) technology is adopted to describe the information and functionality requirement for chain traceability. The barriers of traceability system adoption are also identified.CONCLUSION: The results show that the traceability data consist of four categories that must be recorded by each link in the chain. The functionality requirement is classified into four categories from the fundamental information record to decisive quality control; the top three barriers to the traceability system adoption are: high costs of implementing the system, lack of experienced and professional staff; and low level of government involvement and support. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Adjunctive radiotherapy in the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with perineural invasion
Authors: Waxweiler Weston , Sigmon Justin R. , Sheehan Daniel J. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractPerineural invasion is a feature associated with significantly poorer outcomes when present in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). The incidence of this subset of CSCC continues to rise in the US, as does the confusion surrounding exactly how it should be managed. While management typically involves excision, considerable debate exists as to the appropriate use of adjuvant radiotherapy (ART) in addition to excision. This article reviews the current relevant evidence for the use of ART. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011;104:104–105. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cluster analysis of claudin‐1 and ‐4, E‐cadherin, and β‐catenin expression in colorectal cancers
Authors: Matsuoka Takashi , Mitomi Hiroyuki , Fukui Naoshi , Kanazawa Hideki , Saito Tsuyoshi , Hayashi Takuo , Yao Takashi 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIntercellular adhesion mediated by the claudin and cadherin/catenin complex is a prerequisite for epithelial integrity and differentiation, and has been suggested to be frequently disturbed in cancers. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between such abnormality and clinicopathological features of colorectal carcinomas.MethodsImmunohistochemical analysis of claudin‐1 and ‐4, E‐cadherin, and β‐catenin was performed on a series of 156 cases.ResultsSignificant positive associations (P < 0.05–0.001) were found with immunoreactivity for each except nuclear β‐catenin. Reduced expression was correlated with poor tumor differentiation (claudin‐1, P = 0.035; claudin‐4, P = 0.011; E‐cadherin, P < 0.001; membranous β‐catenin, P = 0.002), an advanced TNM stage (claudin‐1, P = 0.002; claudin‐4, P = 0.008), and a poor prognosis. On multivariate analysis, reduced expression of E‐cadherin (P < 0.001) and β‐catenin (P = 0.048) at invasive fronts proved to be an independent predictor of short survival. Hierarchical cluster analysis identified three distinct groups with a good, intermediate, and poor prognosis, having an independent survival outcome by multivariate analysis (good or intermediate vs. poor: hazard ratio, 2.66; 95% confidence interval, 1.54–4.60; P < 0.001).ConclusionsDisruption of cell adhesion molecules correlates with tumor differentiation and progression in colorectal carcinomas. Specific marker profiles were identified here as independent prognostic indicators. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011;103:674–686. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Downregulation of stathmin is involved in malignant phenotype reversion and cell apoptosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Feng , Wang Liu‐Xing , Li Sheng‐Lei , Li Ke , He Wei , Liu Hong‐Tao , Fan Qing‐Xia 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesStathmin plays a critical role in the regulation of mitosis and mediates the development of malignant tumors. Here, we investigated the potential role of stathmin in cell cycle and apoptosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).MethodsA stathmin short hairpin RNA (shRNA) plasmid was employed to downregulate stathmin expression in the ESCC cell line EC9706 cells. Cell proliferation was measured by cell counting, MTT, and colony formation assay. Cell migration was measured by Boyden chamber. Western blot was used to analyze the expressions of stathmin, survivin, and apoptosis‐related proteins in transfected cells. Cell cycle and apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry and DNA ladder. Oncogenicity assay in nude mice was utilized to analyze phenotypic changes of transfected cells in vivo.ResultsAfter transfection with stathmin shRNA plasmid, stathmin expression markedly decreased in EC9706 cells. Stathmin downregulation significantly inhibited cell proliferation, cell migration in vitro, and tumorigenicity in vivo, meanwhile arrested cell cycle in the G2/M phase and induced cell apoptosis. Further, stathmin downregulation resulted in downregulation of Bcl‐2 and survivin proteins, activation of Caspase‐3.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate that stathmin may play an essential role in carcinogenesis of ESCC, which will lay a foundation for target therapy of ESCC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011;103:704–715. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Correction of the deviations in the retention times with Chromolith columns associated to the flow rate: Implications in the modelling of the retention behaviour
Authors: Pous‐Torres Sandra , Torres‐Lapasió José Ramón , Ruiz‐Ángel María José , García‐Álvarez‐Coque María Celia 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIn a previous work (J. Sep. Sci. 2009, 32, 2793–2803), we reported an interpretive optimisation approach to achieve maximal resolution in minimal analysis time, based on models describing the retention and peak shape as a function of mobile phase composition and flow rate. The method was applied to the separation of a group of basic drugs in a Chromolith column. In that work, we found that the retention factors were sensitive to the flow rate. The reason of the observed deviations in retention times is the increase in the column volume at the applied pressure, which decreases the linear velocity inside the column. This behaviour forced to include a correction term in the model that described the retention. We show here how the deviations in retention times can be evaluated, allowing retention models that do not include the flow rate as a variable, similar to isocratic chromatography at fixed flow rate. The logarithm of the deviations in the retention times with flow rate is shown to correlate with the solute polarity. This correlation is compared with similar correlations for the retention factor at fixed mobile phase composition and the extrapolated retention factor in water at fixed flow rate.