bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asteroid Impact Hazard Warning from the Near-Earth Object Surveyor Mission
Authors: Lay Oliver , Masiero Joe , Grav Tommy , Mainzer Amy , Masci Frank , Wright Edward 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
NASA’s Near-Earth Object Surveyor mission, scheduled for launch in 2027 September, is designed to detect and characterize at least two-thirds of the potentially hazardous asteroids with diameters larger than 140 m in a nominal 5 yr mission. We describe a model to estimate the survey performance using a faster approach than the time domain survey simulator described in Mainzer et al. (2023). This model is applied to explain how the completeness for 5 and 10 yr surveys varies with orbit type and asteroid size and to identify orbits with notably high or low likelihoods of detection. Size alone is an incomplete proxy for impact hazard, so for each asteroid orbit, we also calculate the associated hazard based on the impact velocity and the relative likelihood of impact. We then estimate how effective the mission will be at anticipating impacts as a function of impact energy, finding that a 5 yr mission will identify 87% of potential impacts larger than 100 Mt (Torino-9, “Regional Devastation”). For a 10 yr mission, this increases to 94%. We also show how the distribution of warning time varies with impact energy.
Comparative Study of Outcome in Cessation Therapy of Smoked Form of Tobacco and Factors Affecting It Using Tablet Bupropion or Nicotine Replacement Therapy
Authors: Pawar Gaurav Ekanath , Dakshikar Sarika , Khadanga Poornima 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Tobacco use is one of the major causes of preventable deaths and diseases in India. Standard treatment used in tobacco use disorder can be broadly categorized as nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and nonnicotine pharmacotherapy.

Aims:
The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of tobacco cessation in subjects using the smoked form of tobacco, using tablet bupropion or NRT, and to assess various factors influencing the outcome.

Settings and Design:
Twelve-week follow-up study was conducted in patients of tobacco use disorder attending the outpatient department of psychiatry in a tertiary care teaching institute for a duration of 12 months, after permission from the institutional ethical committee.

Materials and Methods:
Hundred subjects were taken as per the inclusion criteria. After obtaining the general sociodemographic data, the severity of tobacco dependence was assessed by Fagerstrom Scale at baseline, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks after assigning intervention (tablet bupropion or NRT) of their choice.

Statistical Analysis Used:
SPSS software is used for statistical analysis. Pearson correlation, analysis of variance, and multiple regression analysis were done and P < 0.05 was considered to be significant.

Results and Conclusion:
NRT works better in all groups of patients having mild, moderate, or severe tobacco dependence, whereas bupropion works better in groups of patients having moderate-to-severe tobacco dependence.
An Exploratory Study to Assess the Barriers to Help Seeking among Male Patients with Gambling Disorder
Authors: Bhanwar Rajvardhan Singh , Rajguru Akanksha Jayant , Bhargava Rachna , Balhara Yatan Pal Singh 
Published: June 2024

Context:
Gambling disorder is a significant public health problem. Despite the significant negative consequences of problem gambling, a relatively small proportion actively seek help for their issues.

Aims:
This study was conducted to understand the reasons why people did not seek help for gambling disorders.

Settings and Design:
The study was conducted at a public-funded tertiary care centre (National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre [NDDTC], Ghaziabad). The study was a cross sectional and observational design.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 486 subjects visiting outpatient as well as inpatient settings were screened for gambling. Fifty participants were diagnosed with gambling disorder and were included in the study. Data were collected using a structured sociodemographic pro forma, Gambling Readiness to Change Scale, Attitude toward Gambling Scale, Gambling Perceived Stigma Scale, Gambling Experiences Stigma Scale, and Barriers to Treatment Inventory.

Statistical Analysis:
Pearson’s product-moment coefficient and Kendall’s Tau correlation coefficients were computed. Independent sample t-test, ANOVA, Mann–Whitney U, and Kruskal–Wallis H-test were used for comparisons.

Results:
The study identified denial of the problem, perceived and experienced stigma, time conflict, and limited availability and accessibility of treatment facilities as significant barriers to treatment for problem gamblers.

Conclusion:
There exists a pressing necessity to impart comprehensive awareness, education, and training to various community stakeholders, including family members, friends, and health-care professionals. It is vital for treatment centers to proactively communicate their broader focus, encompassing not only substance and alcohol use challenges but also problems related to gambling.
Effect of barefoot exercises on dynamic balance in sub-elite marathon runners
Authors: Raorane Neha S , Mullerpatan Rajani P , Kuttan Victoria D , Gaikwad Pravin B , Agarwal Bela 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Runners who demonstrate poor balance performance are at a higher risk of lower extremity musculoskeletal injury. Barefoot running is hypothesized to improve joint proprioception and thereby enhance balance performance. However, the influence of barefoot weight-bearing exercise training on dynamic stability remains unexplored.

Objectives:
The current study explored the effect of barefoot exercise intervention on dynamic balance performance in sub-elite marathon runners. Settings and Design: The current experimental study was undertaken in the recreation parks of Navi Mumbai.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty runners (mean age = 40 years, BMI = 25.5 kg/m2) were randomly allocated to two groups. Dynamic balance was evaluated using the star excursion balance test, and agility was assessed using the agility t test at baseline and post 12 weeks of intervention. Runners in the experimental group performed balance exercises without shoes, whereas runners in the control group performed the same set of exercises with shoes on. Between-group comparison was performed using an independent t test and within-group comparison using a paired t test using SPSS Software version 23. The effect size was calculated using Cohen’s d statistic.

Results:
Both groups demonstrated improved dynamic balance in the posteromedial direction. The barefoot group demonstrated improved dynamic balance in the anterior and posterolateral directions as well, with a large effect size (P = 0.001, P = 0.001, and P = 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion:
Barefoot exercise training improved balance performance in sub-elite marathon runners. These exercises can be incorporated into conditioning programs to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injuries in runners.
Ab. No. 28 Association between Clinical and Community Environment on Gait Performance Among Individuals With Chronic Stroke
Authors: Doguparthi Durgakiran , Ravindran R 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Community ambulation is complex in nature when compared with ambulation in the Clinical environment in persons with stroke. However, it is unclear whether there is any association between clinical and community environment on gait speed and endurance of persons with stroke. So, this study aimed to examine the association between the clinical environment and community environment in terms of speed and endurance in people with chronic stroke. This study will help us to find out whether improving speed and endurance in a clinical environment is reflected in a community environment.

Methods:
A total of 46 participants in the age group 30-60 years diagnosed with a single episode of stroke of a minimum 6 months duration, who scored ≥24 in MMSE, who can walk a minimum 6 minutes with or without a walking aid and/or orthosis were included in this study. People with visual and vestibular deficits, walking with a walking frame, and having oxygen saturation < 92% were excluded from the study. It is a cross-sectional observational study. Each participant was assessed for a 10-metre walk test (10MWT) and 6-minute walk test (6MWT) to assess their gait speed and gait endurance in rehabilitation setup (clinical) and footpath (community). Spearman’s Rank correlation coefficient was used to see the association between clinical and community environments.

Result:
This study found that very high positive correlation between clinical environment and community environment speed (0.9592) and endurance (0.9772). The study observed that 43% of the participants covered more distance in the community environment than in the clinical environment.

Conclusion:
The study concludes that changes in gait speed and gait endurance in a clinical environment will significantly influence the gait speed and gait endurance in the community environment in persons with chronic stroke.

Implications:
Improvement of gait speed and endurance in a clinical environment may improve the same in a community environment.
Ab. No. 75 Innovative Device for Superficial Sensory Examination; An Exploratory Multiphasic Study
Authors: Agravat Dhruvi , Devmurari Parthkumar 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
To design and develop the single device for assessing the superficial sensation. All the physiotherapists and any healthcare professionals who are dealing with the patient have neuropathies- diabetes, mononeuropathy, polyneuropathy, etc., neurological disorders – spinal cord injury and stroke, etc. are in used sensory examination with the use of fingertip, cotton, test-tube, and pin prick.

Method:
Designed and developed an innovative device to assess the qualitative superficial sensory examination. Then total 10 healthy physiotherapists are recruited for the study who are matched with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. There written informed concert was taken. Then to check the validity, traditional methods and innovative devices to check the superficial sensation. Then the scores were given according to sensory examination grade. Then the feasibility score was checked via the QUEST 2.0 score. The score was given by the physiotherapist.

Result:
After collecting the data the statistical tool SPSS 20 was used. The level of significance was kept 0.05 and the Confidence interval was 95%.To assess the normality we used the skewness, kurtosis, histogram, and Shapiro-Wilk test and data were normally distributed. After applied the paired t-test for feasibility and validity scores. They were significant in Pearson correlation of QUEST components which are dimension, weight, adjusting, easy to use, and comfort in innovative device.

Conclusion:
So, it is concluded that our innovative device is feasible, easy to use, comfort, effective and valid for testing the superficial sensation.
Ab. No. 97 The Effect of Different Scapular Positions on Serratus Anterior and Biceps Brachii Muscle Activity During a Forward Reach Task in Healthy Individuals
Authors: Kakwani Palak , Debur Ramesh 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
To study the effects of scapular protraction/retraction and neutral position on serratus anterior and biceps brachii muscle activity during a forward reach task in healthy individuals.
Normal functioning of the scapula plays a key role in shoulder kinematics. Forward reaching is an integral activity for ADL’s and is a key neuro rehabilitation component. For example, posture that is usually adapted by people with stroke leads to inappropriate positioning of scapula that in turn can disrupt the muscle timing and activation slowing the rehabilitation process. Understanding the muscle activity in healthy individuals can give us a deeper insight to expand our knowledge for rehabilitation.

Methods:
19 healthy subjects were selected under convenience sampling. Subjects were asked to perform a forward reach task. Three trials were taken for each scapular position. Surface electrodes recorded EMG activity of serratus anterior and biceps brachii muscle during the task. Average values were taken for analysis.
Shapiro - Wilk test was done to analyse normality. The difference between the three positions of scapula (protraction, retraction and neutral) was established for serratus anterior (Fisher’s ANOVA) and biceps (Kruskal-Wallis) along with Post hoc analysis. Correlation between two muscles (serratus and biceps) was established using Spearman’s Correlation Coefficient.

Results:
Serratus muscle activity (F=0.135, p= 0.874) and biceps (F=0.29, p=0.7). did not achieve statistical significance among the three positions. Statistically significant correlation was found across the positions between biceps and serratus (r2 =0.58,p<0.001).

Conclusion:
Mean activity of serratus anterior muscle did not change with different scapular positions. However, biceps brachii muscle activity was highest with scapula being in retraction and lowest in protraction. Moderate correlation was found between SA and biceps across positions.

Implications:
The starting position of scapula may have implications on muscle activation and therefore can impact rehabilitation outcomes.
Ab. No. 101 A Conceptual Model of a Unified Wrist Sensor (UWS) for Non-Invasive Real-Time Preterm Infant Monitoring at NICU
Authors: Abishek J R , Vadivelan K 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
This study introduces a groundbreaking conceptual model for a Unified Wrist Sensor (UWS) designed to revolutionize non-invasive real-time monitoring of preterm infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU).
Current pain, sleep, and stress assessments in NICU settings are fraught with subjectivity and time constraints. The proposed UWS addresses these challenges by integrating multiple sensors into a single, non-restrictive wristband.

Methods:
The conceptual model employs a systematic approach, encompassing pre-processing, feature extraction, optimization, and learning models. Deep learning and machine learning techniques are harnessed to enhance accuracy in processing diverse physiological data. Standardization methods such as linear scaling, log scaling, or z-score are strategically applied to reduce variability, ensuring reliable outcomes across different individuals.

Result:
The discussion underscores the critical need for intelligent fusion structures that incorporate multiple sensor data and rich contextual information. The UWS aims to strike a balance between clinical utility and practicality, offering complementary, robust, and reliable multimodal sensor data. This approach provides a comprehensive understanding of pain, sleep, and stress patterns in preterm infants, paving the way for personalized treatment protocols.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the proposed UWS emerges as a potential game-changer, appropriately reweighting data and enabling real-time monitoring of pain, stress, and sleep in NICU infants. The implications of this research are far-reaching, as the UWS can monitor physiological changes using multiple modalities, assess real-time patient outcomes, and dynamically adjust treatment protocols.

Implication:
This study contributes significantly to the field of neonatal care and introduces the prospect of seamlessly integrating advanced sensor technology into routine NICU practices.
Ab. No. 20 “Pulse-Tech”- Ideation to Prototype to Measure Pulse Strength Device
Authors: Devmurari Parth Kumar , Sharma Nandini , Ranpara Dhruvi , Pandya Priya , Pandya Priyanka , Pala Kinnari , Parekh Pankita 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
This study focused on the creation and evaluation of the ‘Pulse Tech’ device, a novel tool designed for the measurement of pulse strength. The pulse, a crucial indicator of cardiovascular health, reflects the heart’s efficacy in blood circulation. Traditional pulse assessment methods, while effective, often require significant expertise and could lack objectivity. The ‘Pulse Tech device addressed these limitations by offering a more standardized and accurate method for measuring pulse strength. Understanding pulse strength, including its rate, rhythm, and quality, is essential in diagnosing various cardiac conditions. The study delineated seven primary pulse points (temporal, carotid, brachial, femoral, radial, popliteal, dorsalis pedis) and their medical significance. It also detailed various cardiovascular pulse shapes, their physiological causes, and associated potential diseases. The ‘Pulse Tech device was innovatively designed to measure pulse strength objectively, utilizing advanced sensors and software for data capture and analysis. Its distinctive feature was the use of light absorption through blood vessels to indirectly measure pulse strength. The methodology comprised two phases: the first centered on designing and developing the device, including its components like the CPU section, pulse rate sensor, and software. The second phase involved testing the device on healthy individuals to validate its effectiveness against traditional methods.

Methods:
The study’s participant criteria included healthy individuals aged 18-30 years. The objective was to establish a new standard in pulse measurement, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of cardiovascular assessments. This was crucial in both clinical and research settings, potentially aiding in the early detection and management of heart-related diseases. The study emphasized the necessity of a ‘Pulse Tech’ in enabling physicians and physiotherapists to make more informed decisions about patient care.

Conclusion:
The ‘Pulse Tech’ device represented a significant advancement in biomedical devices, with the potential to revolutionize the measurement and interpretation of pulse strength in clinical practice.
Ab. No. 128 Effect of 12 Weeks of Plyometrics, Speed and Agility Training on Physical Fitness Variables in Sub-Elite Kho- Kho Players
Authors: Shakapnor Shraddha , Shetty Triveni 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
The purpose of the study is to explore the effect of 12 weeks of plyometrics, speed, and agility training on physical fitness variables in sub-elite Kho-Kho players. The lack of evidence on the effect of a plyometric intervention on the sport-specific skills of Kho-Kho players motivated this study to understand the importance of training in preventing or minimizing sport-related injury in Kho-Kho players.

Methods:
Forty male sub-elite Kho-Kho players, aged 18-25, with more than 3 years of experience were selected. The sample size was estimated based on literature using speed as the primary variable, as it is crucial for optimal performance in Kho-Kho players it was estimated as 20 in each group.
Players were assigned either group through sequentially numbered, sealed, opaque envelopes, using computer-generated randomization. Physical fitness variables were assessed at baseline and post-intervention, including agility, power, muscular endurance, flexibility, speed, cardiovascular endurance, and balance. Outcome measures used were the Illinois agility test, Sargent jump test, one-minute squat test, plank test, modified sit and reach, 40-yard dash test, Yoyo intermittent recovery level 1 test, and lower quadrant Y balance test.
Intergroup comparisons were performed using an independent t-test and intragroup comparisons using a paired t-test. (Level of significance ≤0.05).

Results:
The experimental group demonstrated the highest improvement in cardiovascular endurance (57.84%), followed by lower limb endurance (30.01%), explosive power (28.83%), speed (13.49%), agility (13.12%), and dynamic balance (9.09%) whereas the control group showed improvement in lower limb endurance (8.4%), followed by speed (4.01%) and dynamic balance (2.2%), with no significant difference observed in agility, power, cardiovascular endurance, and core endurance (p>0.05)

Conclusion:
Plyometric training integrated with conventional Kho-Kho training improves the sports-specific physical fitness of sub-elite Kho-Kho players.

Implications:
The study suggests that plyometric training with conventional Kho-Kho training improves sports-specific physical fitness, enhances athlete performance, and facilitates career development.
Ab. No. 25 Feasibility of Structured Lymphedema Prophylactic Exercise Protocol (LPEP) in Post-Mastectomy Breast Cancer Patients: A Pilot Study
Authors: Khutale Sanika , Patthanshetty Renu , Kalloli Mahesh 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
In India breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers. A major complication of breast cancer treatment is lymphedema. Exercise is crucial for reducing the severity of already-developed lymphedema. The present study aimed to assess the feasibility of a structured exercise protocol- Lymphedema Prophylactic Exercise Protocol (LPEP) immediately after surgery and continuing for 12 weeks to prevent lymphedema.

Methods:
Total of 12 patients were included in the study. Hospitalized female participants aged between 25 to 65 years, who had undergone modified radical mastectomy were included in the study. All the patients were given structured exercises (LPEP) immediately after surgery for 12 weeks post-surgery. Primary outcome measures were the Lymphedema Quality of Life Inventory (LyQOI) and Circumferential girth measurement. Secondary outcome measures were Range of motion at the shoulder joint, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy – Breast (FACT-B), and Shoulder Pain And Disability Index (SPADI).

Result:
The pre and post-values of Shoulder ROM demonstrated statistical significance for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and Internal rotation (p= 0.0022). There was no statistically significant difference for circumferential girth measurement, suggesting lymphedema prophylactic exercise protocol is feasible in terms of preventing lymphedema in the participants. The study showed statistically significant differences in pre and post-test scores of LyQLI (p=0.0033), FACT-B (p=0.0012), SPADI questionnaire(p=0.0029)

Conclusion:
The study demonstrated the effectiveness of LPEP in post-mastectomy patients in improving shoulder ROM and lymphedema-specific quality of life, reducing shoulder pain and disability, and preventing the development of lymphedema. LPEP can be used as an effective exercise protocol for the prevention of lymphedema secondary to breast cancer surgery.
Spontaneous Rectovesical Fistula Secondary to Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Amu Okwudili Calistus , Ayogu Benjamin Okafor , Mbadiwe Okezie Michael , Anyimba Solomon Kenechukwu , Nwachukwu Chukwunonso Daniel , Eneh Willis Unebike 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Rectovesical fistula (RVF) is an abnormal communication between the rectum and the urinary bladder. This condition has a negative impact on the patient’s quality of life due to the associated morbidity. The patient may present with complaints of passage of urine per rectum, pneumaturia, fecaluria, recurrent cystitis, pyelonephritis, or urosepsis.

Method and Material:
We present a case of a 61-year-old man with histologically diagnosed prostate cancer who developed passage of urine per rectum about two years after bilateral total orchidectomy. He defaulted on follow-up and presented with castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Results:
On performing a micturiting cystourethrogram/retrograde urethrogram under fluoroscopic guidance, the contrast media were seen passing from the bladder into the large bowel hence establishing a diagnosis of RVF.

Conclusion:
The patient was counseled for a diverting colostomy but he declined. He has an intact anal sphincter and therefore is presently continent of both stool and urine per rectum. Unfortunately, he is financially unable to afford any of the treatment options for castration-resistant prostate cancer.