bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatic retinoid levels in seven fish species (teleosts) from a tropical coastal lagoon receiving effluents from iron-ore mining and processing
Authors: Pereira Adriana A. , van Hattum Bert , Brouwer Abraham 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
The present study was undertaken to investigate the possible effects of Fe and trace element exposure on hepatic levels of retinoids in seven fish species. Concentrations of retinoids were measured in fish collected from a coastal lagoon in Brazil that receives effluents from an iron-ore mining and processing plant. Fish from nearby coastal lagoons were also included to assess possible differences related to chemical exposure. Results indicated considerable differences in hepatic retinoid composition among the various species investigated. The most striking differences were in retinol and derivative-specific profiles and in didehydro retinol and derivative-specific profiles. The Perciformes species Geophagus brasiliensis, Tilapia rendalli, Mugil liza, and Cichla ocellaris and the Characiforme Hoplias malabaricus were characterized as retinol and derivative-specific, while the Siluriformes species Hoplosternum littorale and Rhamdia quelen were didehydro retinol and derivative-specific fish species. A negative association was observed between Al, Pb, As, and Cd and hepatic didehydro retinoid levels. Fish with higher levels of hepatic Fe, Cu, and Zn showed unexpectedly significant positive correlations with increased hepatic retinol levels. This finding, associated with the positive relationships between retinol and retinyl palmitate with lipid peroxidation, may suggest that vitamin A is mobilized from other tissues to increase hepatic antioxidant levels for protection against oxidative damage. These data show significant but dissimilar associations between trace element exposure and hepatic retinoid levels in fish species exposed to iron-ore mining and processing effluents, without apparent major impacts on fish health and condition. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:408–416. © 2011 SETAC
Detection of retinoic acid receptor agonistic activity and identification of causative compounds in municipal wastewater treatment plants in Japan
Authors: Sawada Kazuko , Inoue Daisuke , Wada Yuichiro , Sei Kazunari , Nakanishi Tsuyoshi , Ike Michihiko 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) receptor (RAR) agonists are potential toxicants that can cause teratogenesis in vertebrates. To determine the occurrence of RAR agonists in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), we examined the RARα agonistic activities of influent and effluent samples from several municipal WWTPs in Osaka, Japan, using a yeast two-hybrid assay. Significant RARα agonistic activity was detected in all the influent samples investigated, suggesting that municipal wastewater consistently contains RAR agonists. Fractionations using high-performance liquid chromatography, directed by the bioassay, found several bioactive peaks from influent samples. The RAR agonists, all-trans RA (atRA), 13-cis RA (13cRA), 4-oxo-atRA, and 4-oxo-13cRA, possibly arising from human urine, were identified by liquid chromatography ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Quantification of the identified compounds in municipal WWTPs confirmed that they were responsible for the majority of RARα agonistic activity in WWTP influents, and also revealed they were readily removed from wastewater by activated sludge treatment. Simultaneous measurement of the RARα agonistic activity revealed that although total activity typically declined concomitant with the reduction of the four identified compounds, it remained high after the decline of RAs and 4-oxo-RAs in one WWTP, suggesting the occurrence of unidentified RAR agonists during the activated sludge treatment. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:307–315. © 2011 SETAC
Validating potential toxicity assays to assess petroleum hydrocarbon toxicity in polar soil
Authors: Harvey Alexis Nadine , Snape Ian , Siciliano Steven Douglas 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
Potential microbial activities are commonly used to assess soil toxicity of petroleum hydrocarbons (PHC) and are assumed to be a surrogate for microbial activity within the soil ecosystem. However, this assumption needs to be evaluated for frozen soil, in which microbial activity is limited by liquid water (θliquid). Influence of θliquid on in situ toxicity was evaluated and compared to the toxicity endpoints of potential microbial activities using soil from an aged diesel fuel spill at Casey Station, East Antarctica. To determine in situ toxicity, gross mineralization and nitrification rates were determined by the stable isotope dilution technique. Petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil (0–8,000 mg kg−1), packed at bulk densities of 1.4, 1.7, and 2.0 g cm−3 to manipulate liquid water content, was incubated at −5°C for one, two, and three months. Although θliquid did not have a significant effect on gross mineralization or nitrification, gross nitrification was sensitive to PHC contamination, with toxicity decreasing over time. In contrast, gross mineralization was not sensitive to PHC contamination. Toxic response of gross nitrification was comparable to potential nitrification activity (PNA) with similar EC25 (effective concentration causing a 25% effect in the test population) values determined by both measurement endpoints (400 mg kg−1 for gross nitrification compared to 200 mg kg−1 for PNA), indicating that potential microbial activity assays are good surrogates for in situ toxicity of PHC contamination in polar regions. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:402–407. © 2011 SETAC
Myriophyllum aquaticum versus Lemna minor: Sensitivity and recovery potential after exposure to atrazine
Authors: Teodorović Ivana , Knežević Varja , Tunić Tanja , Čučak Mićo , Lečić Jelena Nikolić , Leovac Anita , Tumbas Ivana Ivančev 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
The relative sensitivity and recovery potential of two aquatic macrophyte species, Lemna minor and Myriophyllum aquaticum, exposed to atrazine (concentration ranges 80–1,280 µg/L and 40–640 µg/L, respectively) were evaluated using slightly adapted standard protocol for Lemna spp.: relative growth rates (RGR) and yield of both plants were measured in 3-d-long intervals during the exposure and recovery phase. Myriophyllum aquaticum was also exposed to atrazine-spiked sediment (0.1–3.7 µg/g) in a water-free system. The results of M. aquaticum sediment contact tests showed that root- and shoot-based growth parameters are equally sensitive endpoints. In the water (sediment-free) test system, L. minor recovered after short (3 d) and longer exposure (7 d) to all atrazine concentrations after only a 5- to 6-d-long recovery phase. The recovery of M. aquaticum after short exposure was slower and less efficient: after 12 d of recovery phase the final biomass of plants exposed to 380 and 640 µg/L was below the initial values. The last interval RGR provides a good indication of plant recovery potential regardless of species growth strategy. If compared to L. minor, the difference in growth rate, sensitivity, lag phase, recovery potential from water-column substances, and also suitability for studies investigating the effect of sediment-bound pollutants advocates the use of M. aquaticum as an additional macrophyte species in risk assessment. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:417–426. © 2011 SETAC
Approaching the matched filter bound with block transmission techniques
Authors: Silva Fábio , Dinis Rui , Souto Nuno , Montezuma Paulo 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTBlock transmission techniques, with appropriate cyclic prefixes and employing frequency‐domain equalisation techniques, have been shown to be suitable for high data rate transmission over severely time‐dispersive channels. The most popular techniques based on this concept are orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and single‐carrier with frequency‐domain equalisation (SC‐FDE).In this paper, we consider OFDM and SC‐FDE transmission schemes and study the impact of the number of multipath components and the diversity order on their performance. It is shown that when we have a high number of separable multipath components, the asymptotic performance of both schemes approaches the matched filter bound, even without diversity. When we have diversity, the performance approaches the matched filter bound faster, with a small number of separable multipath components. It was also observed that the SC‐FDE has an overall performance advantage over the OFDM option, especially when employing the iterative block decision feedback equaliser with turbo equalisation and for high code rates. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Extended balanced space–time block coding with transmit antenna selection
Authors: Ekşim Ali 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTThe original proposal of the extended balanced space–time block coding (EBSTBC) and its special subsets like balanced space–time block coding utilize all available transmit antennas to guarantee full diversity and to maximize the coding gain when few bits of feedback from the destination to the source are available. Because of the construction technique of EBSTBC, an antenna out of N transmit antennas does not contribute coding gain. To prevent this, a novel EBSTBC design and transmit scheme is proposed. This scheme transmits only N − 1 antennas out of N antennas and an antenna that maximizes the received signal‐to‐noise ratio at the destination doubles its transmit power. The proposed scheme improves performance of the EBSTBC and its subsets and outperforms closed‐loop extended orthogonal space–time block codes, phase feedback based extended space–time block codes, partial phase combining and transmit antenna selection schemes. The difference in performance becomes more prevalent in the presence of feedback errors. The proposed technique can be applied for orthogonal space–time block codes and quasi‐orthogonal space–time block codes if the destination informs the source which antenna has the highest gain. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the Finite Increment Calculus method for stabilizing advection‐diffusion equations, analysis and computation of the stabilization parameter
Authors: Ramirez Manuel , Moreles Miguel Angel 
Published: November 2011

SUMMARYIn this work we are concerned with the finite increment calculus (FIC) method. The method has been developed for efficient approximation of advection‐diffusion equations with high Péclet numbers. Since the natural application of FIC is within the framework of the FEM, we consider the BVP in a weak sense on finite dimensional spaces. Here we provide a result on existence and uniqueness of the solution as well as an error analysis. Also we propose a choice of the stabilization parameter. We test the method on some troublesome 2D problems. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A discontinuous Galerkin method for two‐dimensional shallow water flows
Authors: Lai W. , Khan A.A. 
Published: November 2011

SUMMARYA numerical scheme is developed for two‐dimensional, depth‐averaged, shallow water flows based on the DG method. In the shallow water equations, the pressure force term and the bed slope term are combined to eliminate numerical imbalance. The HLLC approximate Riemann solver is employed to calculate the numerical flux for the DG scheme. A slope limiting procedure used for compressible flows is adapted for modeling incompressible two‐dimensional flows. A simple treatment for modeling flow over initially dry bed is presented. To validate the scheme, numerical tests are conducted to simulate hydraulic jump, partial dam break, circular dam break, wetting and drying in parabolic bowl, and a real world dam break in the Toce River. Numerical results show that this scheme can accurately model shock waves, wetting and drying, and flows in the channel with varying geometry and bed topography found in natural channels. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mapping hemodynamic correlates of seizures using fMRI: A review
Authors: Chaudhary Umair J. , Duncan John S. , Lemieux Louis 
Published: November 2011

AbstractFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is able to detect changes in blood oxygenation level associated with neuronal activity throughout the brain. For more than a decade, fMRI alone or in combination with simultaneous EEG recording (EEG‐fMRI) has been used to investigate the hemodynamic changes associated with interictal and ictal epileptic discharges. This is the first literature review to focus on the various fMRI acquisition and data analysis methods applied to map epileptic seizure‐related hemodynamic changes from the first report of an fMRI scan of a seizure to the present day. Two types of data analysis approaches, based on temporal correlation and data driven, are explained and contrasted. The spatial and temporal relationship between the observed hemodynamic changes using fMRI and other non‐invasive and invasive electrophysiological and imaging data is considered. We then describe the role of fMRI in localizing and exploring the networks involved in spontaneous and triggered seizure onset and propagation. We also discuss that fMRI alone and combined with EEG hold great promise in the investigation of seizure‐related hemodynamic changes non‐invasively in humans. We think that this will lead to significant improvements in our understanding of seizures with important consequences for the treatment of epilepsy. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The influence of visual training on predicting complex action sequences
Authors: Cross Emily S. , Stadler Waltraud , Parkinson Jim , Schütz‐Bosbach Simone , Prinz Wolfgang 
Published: November 2011

AbstractLinking observed and executable actions appears to be achieved by an action observation network (AON), comprising parietal, premotor, and occipitotemporal cortical regions of the human brain. AON engagement during action observation is thought to aid in effortless, efficient prediction of ongoing movements to support action understanding. Here, we investigate how the AON responds when observing and predicting actions we cannot readily reproduce before and after visual training. During pre‐ and posttraining neuroimaging sessions, participants watched gymnasts and wind‐up toys moving behind an occluder and pressed a button when they expected each agent to reappear. Between scanning sessions, participants visually trained to predict when a subset of stimuli would reappear. Posttraining scanning revealed activation of inferior parietal, superior temporal, and cerebellar cortices when predicting occluded actions compared to perceiving them. Greater activity emerged when predicting untrained compared to trained sequences in occipitotemporal cortices and to a lesser degree, premotor cortices. The occipitotemporal responses when predicting untrained agents showed further specialization, with greater responses within body‐processing regions when predicting gymnasts' movements and in object‐selective cortex when predicting toys' movements. The results suggest that (1) select portions of the AON are recruited to predict the complex movements not easily mapped onto the observer's body and (2) greater recruitment of these AON regions supports prediction of less familiar sequences. We suggest that the findings inform both the premotor model of action prediction and the predictive coding account of AON function. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Neural events leading to and associated with detection of sounds under high processing load
Authors: Sabri Merav , Humphries Colin , Binder Jeffrey R. , Liebenthal Einat 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe neural events that lead to successful or failed detection of suprathreshold sounds are not well established. In this experiment, event‐related potentials (ERPs) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) were recorded while participants performed two tasks: a primary difficult duration judgment task on a sequence of tones presented to one ear, and a secondary target detection task on an auditory oddball stream presented to the other ear. The paradigm was designed to elicit competition and variability in detection of auditory targets despite identical input. Successful detection of auditory targets was associated mainly with greater fMRI activity in superior parietal cortex and thalamus. In the ERPs, successful detection was linked with a larger fronto‐central negativity at 200–400 ms, and a later centro‐posterior positivity. Failure to detect targets was associated with greater fMRI signal in the default mode network, a significantly smaller electrical fronto‐central negativity and no late positivity. These findings demonstrate that variability in auditory detection is related to modulation of activity in multimodal parietal and frontal networks active ∼ 200 ms after target onset. Results are consistent with a limited capacity and late selection view of attention. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
How does interoceptive awareness interact with the subjective experience of emotion? An fMRI Study
Authors: Terasawa Yuri , Fukushima Hirokata , Umeda Satoshi 
Published: November 2011

AbstractRecent studies in cognitive neuroscience have suggested that the integration of information about the internal bodily state and the external environment is crucial for the experience of emotion. Extensive overlap between the neural mechanisms underlying the subjective emotion and those involved in interoception (perception of that which is arising from inside the body) has been identified. However, the mechanisms of interaction between the neural substrates of interoception and emotional experience remain unclear. We examined the common and distinct features of the neural activity underlying evaluation of emotional and bodily state using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The right anterior insular cortex and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) were identified as commonly activated areas. As both of these areas are considered critical for interoceptive awareness, these results suggest that attending to the bodily state underlies awareness of one's emotional state. Uniquely activated areas involved in the evaluation of emotional state included the temporal pole, posterior and anterior cingulate cortex, medial frontal gyrus, and inferior frontal gyrus. Also the precuneus was functionally associated with activity of the right anterior insular cortex and VMPFC when evaluating emotional state. Our findings indicate that activation in these areas and the precuneus are functionally associated for accessing interoceptive information and underpinning subjective experience of the emotional state. Thus, awareness of one's own emotional state appears to involve the integration of interoceptive information with an interpretation of the current situation. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Removing an intersubject variance component in a general linear model improves multiway factoring of event‐related spectral perturbations in group EEG studies
Authors: Spence Jeffrey S. , Brier Matthew R. , Hart John , Ferree Thomas C. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractLinear statistical models are used very effectively to assess task‐related differences in EEG power spectral analyses. Mixed models, in particular, accommodate more than one variance component in a multisubject study, where many trials of each condition of interest are measured on each subject. Generally, intra‐ and intersubject variances are both important to determine correct standard errors for inference on functions of model parameters, but it is often assumed that intersubject variance is the most important consideration in a group study. In this article, we show that, under common assumptions, estimates of some functions of model parameters, including estimates of task‐related differences, are properly tested relative to the intrasubject variance component only. A substantial gain in statistical power can arise from the proper separation of variance components when there is more than one source of variability. We first develop this result analytically, then show how it benefits a multiway factoring of spectral, spatial, and temporal components from EEG data acquired in a group of healthy subjects performing a well‐studied response inhibition task. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Concurrent chemoradiation for adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Samant Sandeep , van den Brekel Michiel W. , Kies Merrill S. , Wan Jim , Robbins K. Thomas , Rosenthal David I. , Rasch Coen , Weber Randal S. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundWe performed a retrospective review of patients with nonresected head and neck adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) treated with concurrent chemoradiation.MethodsSixteen patients (nasopharynx 7, oropharynx 4, trachea 3, oral and nasal cavity 1 each) were treated at 3 tertiary care centers. Six patients received intraarterial cisplatin and 10 received intravenous cisplatin or carboplatin concurrently with radiation.ResultsThirteen patients are alive, 7 without signs of disease with a median follow‐up of 61 months. Tumor progression was noted in 8 patients (50%) (distant metastasis in 5 patients and local tumor progression in 3 patients) with a median time to progression of 25 months (range, 4–52 months). Overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival (PFS), and local progression–free survival (LPFS) rates at 5 years were 87%, 39%, and 61%, respectively.ConclusionConcurrent chemoradiation is a feasible treatment option and may lead to sustained locoregional tumor control in patients with nonresected ACC of the head and neck. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Ectopic mediastinal goiter successfully managed via cervical approach: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Walz Patrick C. , Iwenofu O. Hans , Essig Garth F. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundEctopic mediastinal goiter is a rare entity that presents diagnostic and treatment challenges to the clinician.MethodsA case of primary ectopic mediastinal goiter is presented and use of a cervical approach for excision is described herein. Additionally, precedent literature highlighting surgical treatment approaches is reviewed.ResultsThe distinction between primary and secondary ectopic mediastinal goiter is significant as this indicates the vascular supply to the ectopic mass. Previous authors suggested open thoracic procedures for all primary mediastinal goiters to safely divide intrathoracic vascular supply, but favorably positioned anterior mediastinal goiter may be safely removed via cervical approach. This is the second case of primary ectopic mediastinal goiter successfully resected via cervical approach.ConclusionSelect cases of primary mediastinal goiter may be amenable to excision via cervical approach, avoiding potential complications of open thoracic procedures. Additionally, CT‐guided biopsy is an effective tool in preoperative diagnosis of anterior mediastinal masses. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013