bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning Tools Match Physician Accuracy in Multilingual Text Annotation
Authors: Zielonka Marta , Czyżewski Andrzej , Szplit Dariusz , Graff Beata , Szyndler Anna , Budzisz Mariusz , Narkiewicz Krzysztof 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In the medical field, text annotation involves categorizing clinical and biomedical texts with specific medical categories, enhancing the organization and interpretation of large volumes of unstructured data. This process is crucial for developing tools such as speech recognition systems, which help medical professionals reduce their paperwork. It addresses a significant cause of burnout reported by up to 60% of medical staff. However, annotating medical texts in languages other than English poses unique challenges and necessitates using advanced models. In our research, conducted in collaboration with Gdańsk University of Technology and the Medical University of Gdańsk, we explore strategies to tackle these challenges. We evaluated the performance of various tools and models in recognizing medical terms within a comprehensive vocabulary, comparing these tools' outcomes with annotations made by medical experts. Our study specifically examined categories such as 'Drugs', 'Diseases and Symptoms', 'Procedures', and 'Other Medical Terms', contrasting human expert annotations with the performance of popular multilingual chatbots and natural language processing (NLP) tools on translated texts. The conclusion drawn from our statistical analysis reveals that no significant differences were detected between the groups we examined. This suggests that the tools and models we tested are, on average, similarly effective—or ineffective—at recognizing medical terms as categorized by our specific criteria. Our findings highlight the challenges in bridging the gap between human and machine accuracy in medical text annotation, especially in non-English contexts, and emphasize the need for further refinement of these technologies.
Efficacy of mini-endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery for pediatric kidney calculi: a single center retrospective study
Authors: Torii Koei , Hamamoto Shuzo , Taguchi Kazumi , Okada Shinsuke , Inoue Takaaki , Isogai Masahiko , Kawase Kengo , Sugino Teruaki , Unno Rei , Kato Taiki , Okada Atsushi , Yasui Takahiro 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Management of large pediatric kidney calculi (PKC) is challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of miniature endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery (mini-ECIRS) for PKC. We retrospectively analyzed mini-ECIRS in 16 pediatric patients undergoing kidney stone treatment between November 2014 and October 2023 to determine its safety, efficacy, and associated outcomes. The median age was 50.50 (interquartile range: 36.75, 84.75) months, and the mean stone size was 21.63 ± 11.65 mm. The stone-free rate was 81.25%. The median decrease in hemoglobin level on the day after surgery was 1.10 (0.80, 1.55), and no patient required a blood transfusion. The median number of general anesthesia procedures was 2.00 (2.00, 2.00). Postoperative complications included fever in two patients and difficulty in removing the ureteral stent in one patient. In this cohort, five patients underwent pre-stenting under general anesthesia before mini-ECIRS. Age was significantly lower in the pre-stenting group than in the non-pre-stenting (P < 0.01); however, there were no significant differences in operative time, stone-free rate, total number of general anesthesia procedures, hemoglobin loss, or postoperative hospital stay between the groups. Mini-ECIRS was found to be a safe and efficient treatment method with a high stone removal rate in pediatric patients.
Secondary overactive bladder with restless leg syndrome after cerebral infarction: report of 2 cases
Authors: Cui Ying , Huang Qiang , Du Yitong , Wang Lin , Wang Shiya , Zhao Wenlu , Tuo Houzhen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Previous research has commonly regarded overactive bladder (OAB) and restless leg syndrome (RLS) as distinct disorders in terms of their underlying causes, clinical diagnosis, and treatment approaches. However, there is evidence of an overlap in the occurrence of these two conditions following cerebral infarction. Specifically, restless bladder syndrome (RBS), a subtype of RLS, exhibits symptoms similar to those of OAB. Consequently, further investigation is warranted to better understand the relationship between these two disorders.
Case presentation
In this report, we present the cases of two patients who presented with both OAB following cerebral infarction, along with RLS. Following administration of oral pramipexole, both nocturia and RLS exhibited prompt and efficient alleviation.
Conclusions
There may exist a shared pathological foundation between certain RLS cases and OAB. In instances where patients exhibit evident OAB symptoms following cerebral infarction and concurrently experience RLS, it is advisable to prioritize the administration of dopaminergic agonists over M receptor inhibitors and β3 agonists. Furthermore, it is plausible that the RBS or a subset of RLS cases could potentially be classified as a form of OAB, although this correlation has yet to be definitively established.
Noncausal effects of genetic predicted depression and gastric cancer risk: A NHANES and Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Liu Juanjuan , Chen Yue hong , Zhang Pai qi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The relationship between gastric cancer and depression remains an area of active investigation, with recent studies suggesting a potential bidirectional association.
We present an analysis of the correlation between gastric cancer and depression using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS), employing Mendelian Randomization (MR) to explore the causal links between these conditions.
The NHANES analysis adjusted for confounders such as lifestyle factors and pre-existing health conditions, revealing a higher incidence of depression among individuals with gastric cancer. Stepwise regression models further established depression as a risk factor for developing gastric cancer. Conversely, MR analysis using genetic variants as instrumental variables suggested that gastric cancer significantly impacts the development of depression, with 24 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) showing a significant association with both conditions. The Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) method indicated a significant effect of gastric cancer on depression (OR: 0.979[0.962-0.995]), although the strength of the association varied with different weighting methods. Reverse MR analysis did not find a significant impact of depression on the occurrence of gastric cancer, with 15 SNPs associated with both diseases but no significant effect observed (OR: 0.834 [0.504-1.380]).
The study's findings underscore the importance of considering mental well-being in the treatment of gastric cancer and provide a new direction for future therapeutic approaches. However, limitations such as the focus on individuals of European ancestry and the lack of specificity regarding types of gastric cancer warrant further research.
Pseudodominant inheritance of retinitis pigmentosa in a family with mutations in the Eyes Shut Homolog (EYS) gene
Authors: Iorio Enzo Di , Adamo Ginevra Giovanna , Sorrentino Ugo , De Nadai Katia , Barbaro Vanessa , Mura Marco , Pellegrini Marco , Boaretto Francesca , Tavolato Marco , Suppiej Agnese , Nasini Francesco , Salviati Leonardo , Parmeggiani Francesco 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Sequence variants in Eyes Shut Homolog (EYS) gene are one of the most frequent causes of autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Herein, we describe an Italian RP family characterized by EYS-related pseudodominant inheritance. The female proband, her brother, and both her sons showed typical RP, with diminished or non-recordable full-field electroretinogram, narrowing of visual field, and variable losses of central vision. To investigate this apparently autosomal dominant pedigree, next generation sequencing (NGS) of a custom panel of RP-related genes was performed, further enhanced by bioinformatic detection of copy-number variations (CNVs). Unexpectedly, all patients had a compound heterozygosity involving two known pathogenic EYS variants i.e., the exon 33 frameshift mutation c.6714delT and the exon 29 deletion c.(5927þ1_5928-1)_(6078þ1_6079-1)del, with the exception of the youngest son who was homozygous for the above-detailed frameshift mutation. No pathologic eye conditions were instead observed in the proband’s husband, who was a heterozygous healthy carrier of the same c.6714delT variant in exon 33 of EYS gene. These findings provide evidence that pseudodominant pattern of inheritance can hide an autosomal recessive RP partially or totally due to CNVs, recommending CNVs study in those pedigrees which remain genetically unsolved after the completion of NGS or whole exome sequencing analysis.
Cell-Based Tissue Engineering for Guided Bone Regeneration in Rats: A Preliminary Study with 3D-Printed β-Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffolds and Polydioxanone Membranes
Authors: Pitol-Palin Letícia , Moura Juliana , Frigério Paula , Batista Fábio Roberto de Souza , Saska Sybele , Oliveira Letícia , Matsubara Elaine , Pilatti Livia , Câmara Diana , Lizier Nelson , Blay Alberto , Shibli Jamil , Okamoto Roberta 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Treatment of complex craniofacial deformities is still a challenge for medicine and dentistry because few approach therapies are available on the market that allows rehabilitation using 3D-printed medical devices. Thus, this preliminary study aims to evaluate the bioactivity of 3D-printed β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds and polydioxanone membrane (PDO) with cell-based (ASCs) tissue engineering for guided bone regeneration in critical calvary defects of rats. Methods: Male rats were divided into three groups: β-TCP + PDO membrane (TCP/PG), β-TCP/ASCs + PDO membrane (TCPasc/PG), and β-TCP/ASCs + PDO membrane/ASCs (TCPasc/PGasc). A surgical defect in the right parietal bone was made, and the defect was filled with the 3D-printed β-TCP scaffold and PDO membrane with or without ASCs. The animals were euthanized 7, 14, and 30 days after the surgical procedure for histomorphometric and immunolabeling analyses. Results: Cell-based therapy promotes, especially in the TCPasc/PGasc group, a bone area formation at the defect border region and the center of the defect. Conclusions: Using 3D-printed β-TCP scaffolds and PDO membranes associated with cell-based therapy has excellent potential to improve and accelerate guided bone regeneration. Moreover, using ASCs optimized the bioceramics by increasing its osteoinductive and osteoprogenitor capacity even with the resorption of the printed scaffold.
Polish adaptation of Physician’s Trust in the Patient Scale (PTPS) – psychometric properties and validation
Authors: Błaszyk Marta Adrianna , Kroemeke Aleksandra 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Mutual trust is considered one of the critical aspects of building a successful doctor-patient relationship. Albeit patient trust in physicians has been widely explored by researchers, physician trust in patients remains neglected, which is reflected by the lack of existing tools to assess this construct. Therefore, we aimed to validate and adapt Thom’s Physician’s Trust in the Patient Scale (PTPS) in Polish. We conducted a survey-based study among 307 medical doctors. To determine the factor structure of the scale, both exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed. The two-factor solution was established for the scale in accordance with the original version. To determine the internal reliability and consistency of the scale, we measured Cronbach’s alpha, corrected-item total correlation, and discrimination indices – all of them obtained very good or excellent values. Estimates of convergent and discriminant validity reached all suggested thresholds. The scale also performed well in theoretical validity. Together, these findings suggest that the psychometric properties of the Polish adaptation and validation of PTPS are satisfactory and that the tool can find practical and scientific applications. We believe that the scale can substantially add to our understanding of building trust-based relationships and rapport between patients and physicians.
Health workforce forecast in the university hospital: evidence from Lithuania
Authors: Vanckavičienė Aurika , Blaževičienė Aurelija , Zagurskienė Daiva , Stašaitis Kęstutis 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
The increasing shortage of staff in healthcare facilities worldwide calls for a human resource planning strategy in order to ensure safe, timely and patient-centred care. The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis and supply and demand projections of nurses, midwives, and radiographers within the labor market of the largest university hospital in the Baltic States by 2030.
Methods
The staff supply was calculated on the intake and outflow of persons in the labour market annually for various factors. Projections for the demand of nurses, midwives, and radiographers took into account the different needs of the population, categorized by gender and age, for the services offered within the institution.
Results
The projected supply of nurses in 2030 will be lower and the supply of midwives and radiographers higher than in 2021. Looking at the supply and demand scenarios for nurses, there is a gap that widens from 2021 onwards, with a projected shortage of 59 nurses in the medium-demand scenario and 331 nurses in the prospective scenario in 2025, and 173 and 772 nurses in 2030 respectively in the establishment. The need for radiographers in the prospective scenario, which is the most likely scenario, will increase, with a projected shortage of 26 radiographers in 2025 and 52 in 2030 at this university hospital. The impact of the variables influencing the increase in the demand for midwives did not exceed the projected supply of midwives in the institution.
Conclusions
Due to the rising demand for nurse and radiographer services from the aging population,, the predicted supply of nurses and radiographers will be insufficient. To ensure the projected demand for nurses in the medium and prospective scenarios, the nurses recruited each year should increase up to 38% in the medium scenario and 69% in the prospective scenario from 2022. In the prospective demand scenario, the recruitment of radiographers should increase three-fold and the recruitment of midwives should be reduced by 30%.
TKI for immunotherapy refractory in MSI-H colorectal cancer: a case report
Authors: Yang Xiaomei , Deng Jian , Qu Xiujuan , Chen Ying 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Some of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with MSI-H status do not have robust and lasting benefit from mono-immunotherapy, how to extend the benefit of immunotherapy for those patients is still an urgent problem to be solved. Herein, we reported a MSI-H CRC patient responsed to immunotherapy combined with Fruquintinib after progression of first-line immunotherapy and achieved progression-free survival (PFS) for 20 months. Therefore, anti-angiogenesis Tyrosine-kinase inhibitor (TKI) may be a viable therapeutic option for metastatic colorectal cancer with MSI-H status to revise the resistance of immunotherapy.
Sex Differences in Choroidal Vessels Using Novel Wide-Field Choroidal En-Face Images from Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Mihara Naohisa , Funatsu Ryoh , Sonoda Shozo , Shiihara Hideki , Sakono Takato , Sakamoto Taiji , Terasaki Hiroto 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

To develop a method to quantify choroidal vessels in normal eyes using wide-field optical coherence tomography (OCT) en-face images. The study included participants with normal eyes in whom wide-angle OCT images were acquired to generate planarized choroidal en-face and thickness map images. The images were segmented into central, midperipheral, and peripheral areas, and the midperipheral and peripheral areas were further segmented into supratemporal, infratemporal, supranasal, and infranasal sectors. The mean planarized choroidal-vessel density (p-CVD), planarized choroidal-vessel size (p-CVS), and choroidal thickness (CT) were calculated in each sector. Sex differences were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test. The study included 162 participants comprising 84 female (mean age, 43.5 years; axial length, 24.0 mm) and 78 male (mean age, 44.4 years; axial length, 24.2 mm) participants with no significant differences in demographics (P ≥ 0.107). Men had a higher mean p-CVD in all regions (P < 0.001). The mean p-CVS was greater in men in all regions except for the supratemporal sector (P < 0.001). No significant differences in sex in the mean CT were observed in all regions (P ≥ 0.106). The p-CVD and p-CVS in normal eyes differ between sexes. This finding may contribute to the understanding of the pathophysiology of choroidal diseases.
Quantification of volcanic degassing and analysis of uncertainties using numerical modelling: the case of Stephanos crater (Nisyros Island, Greece)
Authors: Massaro Silvia , Tamburello Giancarlo , Bini Giulio , Costa Antonio , Stocchi Manuel , Tassi Franco , Biagi Rebecca , Vaselli Orlando , Chiodini Giovanni , Dioguardi Fabio , Selva Jacopo , Sandri Laura , Macedonio Giovanni , Caliro Stefano , Vougioukalakis Georges 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Nisyros Island (Greece) is affected by widespread gas emissions from fumarolic fields located at the bottom of hydrothermal craters in the southern part of its caldera. This morphology and the current low gas fluxes make Nisyros an ideal site for testing the limits of physics-based gas dispersal models in confined and low-emission conditions. Here, we focused our attention on the local scale volcanic gas dispersion from the Stephanos hydrothermal crater. In April 2023, a one-week survey was carried out to measure weather data, CO2 and H2S gas fluxes, air concentrations from portable gas stations, chemical composition of fumarolic gases and to acquire thermal images of the crater floor. These data were used as inputs and boundary conditions for numerical simulations using DISGAS-2.6 model in order to quantify the present-day volcanic degassing and its associated uncertainties, accounting for the meteorological variability. Model results are provided in terms of H2S probabilistic exceedance and persistence maps, showing gas concentrations within the crater that fall below the thresholds indicated for the occurrence of serious respiratory problems. Since DISGAS-2.6 does not account for chemical reactions, this study represents a good opportunity to discuss the methodological limits of simulating the dispersion of H2S which is challenging due to its rapid degradation and dilution in the atmosphere. In this regard, we also provided an empirical law of the H2S depletion in low-emission conditions that takes into account the uncertainties related to the field measurements.
Proton pump inhibitors may increase the risk of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Luo Haiqing , Tang Haifeng , Yi Guihua , Chen Lingli , Yang Donghong , Chen Zihong , Li Haiwen , Zhan Dechao , Jiang Danxian , Yu Ying , Zeng Ying , Cai Yilin , Wu Jiayuan , Liu Huafeng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Cisplatin is the most commonly used platinum-based treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, its clinical application is limited owing to its nephrotoxicity and gastrointestinal reactions. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have been reported to increase nephrotoxicity risk in previous studies. We aimed to evaluate whether PPIs increase cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in patients with NPC. In total, 295 patients were included in this prospective cohort study: 145 in the PPIs group and 150 in the non-PPIs group. All patients underwent cisplatin-based induction chemotherapy, followed by cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The PPIs group received 40 mg of intravenous esomeprazole sodium for 7 days in each chemotherapy cycle. Chi-squared test and logistic regression analyses with odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were applied to assess the association between PPIs and the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI incidence in the PPIs group was significantly higher than that in the non-PPIs group (P = 0.005). After adjusting for various confounders, PPIs use was significantly associated with a higher AKI risk (odds ratio: 2.775; 95% confidence interval: 1.280-6.020; P = 0.010). The incidences of acute and chronic kidney diseases were similar between both groups (P > 0.05), whereas the incidence of nausea was lower in the PPIs group than in the non-PPIs group (P = 0.029). This study has shown that PPIs use may increase the risk of cisplatin-induced acute nephrotoxicity in patients with NPC.
Improving the external validity of randomized clinical trials: The interesting place of weighting survey methods
Authors: Lejas Jules , Leterrier Laurie , Mottin Denis , Timsit Jean-François , Troussard Xavier , Lévy Vincent , chevret sylvie 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Randomized clinical trials aim to estimate the average treatment effect by randomly allocating the treatment to patients. However, their results are considered poorly applicable to real-world patients due, among other reasons, to the restriction of patient eligibility. We aimed to show that the reweighting of trial individuals to match the target population, a technique commonly used in surveys, allows unbiased estimates of the treatment effect on the target population to be provided.
Methods: We first conducted a simulation study to assess whether such a weighting can provide some valid treatment effect estimation for the target population. We then used trial and registry or real-world data in COVID-19 and chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients as two illustrations.
Results: The results of the simulations showed unbiased estimates of the treatment effect in the target population, regardless of the differences in the trial and target populations, the treatment effect, the potential interaction with patient characteristics, and the sample size. When applied to the trial settings, the estimated effect of treatment differed according to the severity of the target population condition, although calibrated estimates all fell into the confidence interval of the trial.
Conclusions: This approach appears promising for extrapolating trial results to larger populations that are more representative of the real world. It could be of particular interest when very elderly or frail patients are not included in trials evaluating a new treatment, even though they are a significant part of the target population.
Trial registration: COVIDICUS trial (NCT04344730);
Association of Endometrial Cancer Risk With Hypertension- an updated meta-analysis of case-control studies
Authors: Drab Agnieszka , Kanadys Wiesław , Malm Maria , Wdowiak Krystian , Dolar-Szczasny Joanna , Barczyński Bartłomiej 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynecological cancers in the developed countries. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of hypertension on endometrial cancer risk. Databases: PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched from January 2000 to March 2023. We used DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model for analysis. Risk estimates were extracted by two authors and summarized using meta-analytic methods. A total of 20 case-control studies with 8,938 endometrial cancer cases were included in the study. Overall meta-analysis demonstrates significant association between hypertension and endometrial cancer risk (2.02, 95% CI: 1.71–2.28, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis of the risk of endometrial cancer shows statistically significant higher risk in patients with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, diabetics, women who had their first menstrual period at the age of 11 years or earlier, and who had never given birth. Findings of this comprehensive review and meta-analysis indicate that hypertension is associated with overall risk of endometrial cancer.