bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catch-at-age assessment in the face of time-varying selectivity
Authors: Linton Brian C. , Bence James R. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Linton, B. C., and Bence, J. R. 2011. Catch-at-age assessment in the face of time-varying selectivity. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: . Age-based fishery selectivity represents the relative vulnerability of specific ages of fish to a fishery, whereby age classes that are highly selected tend to be overrepresented in the catch compared with their relative abundance in the population. Statistical catch-at-age analysis (SCAA) results can be sensitive to misspecification of selectivity, which can occur when changes in selectivity over time are not accounted for properly in the assessment model. Four approaches for modelling time-varying selectivity were evaluated within SCAA using Monte Carlo simulations: double-logistic functions with one, two, and all four of the function parameters varying over time, and age-specific selectivity parameters that all varied over time. None of these estimation approaches outperformed the others always. In addition, methods of model selection were compared to identify good estimation models, i.e. those accurately matching the true fish population. The degree of retrospectivity, the best selection method, was based on a retrospective analysis of errors in model estimates as the data time-series for estimation is sequentially shortened. This selection method performed about as well as knowing the correct selectivity model and led to substantial benefits over misspecifying the selectivity model.
Phytoplankton size structure, distribution, and primary production as the basis for trophic analysis of Caribbean ecosystems
Authors: Forget Marie-Hélène , Platt Trevor , Sathyendranath Shubha , Fanning Paul 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Forget, M-H., Platt, T., Sathyendranath, S., and Fanning, P. 2011. Phytoplankton size structure, distribution, and primary production as the basis for trophic analysis of Caribbean ecosystems. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 751–765. An oceanographic survey was conducted in Caribbean waters in April and May 2006 to assess the marine ecosystem in the context of a trophic analysis of the foodweb. Analyses of pigment and absorption data revealed that the phytoplankton community was dominated by pico- and nanophytoplankton, particularly at the deep chlorophyll maximum. Based on cluster analysis of remotely sensed data, three dynamic provinces were defined for the region. A 5-year time-series of sea surface temperature and chlorophyll concentration provided information on the annual cycle of these properties. To implement the computation of primary production on a synoptic scale, parameters characterizing the biomass profiles and photosynthesis–irradiance relationships were assigned using four protocols: two regional approaches, a regression with surface chlorophyll, and the nearest-neighbour method (NNM), which has the advantage of assigning parameters on a pixel-by-pixel basis. Monthly images of primary production were computed over an annual cycle using MODIS chlorophyll a concentration. The NNM and the use of dynamic provinces emerged as the methods of choice for parameter assignment. Finally, a new approach from remotely sensed data was developed to estimate production-to-carbon ratios, a key input to Ecopath models. The results contribute to ecotrophic analysis of the Lesser Antilles Pelagic Ecosystem project.
Coordinated Activation of Cellulose and Repression of Lignin Biosynthesis Pathways in Rice
Authors: Ambavaram Madana M.R. , Krishnan Arjun , Trijatmiko Kurniawan R. , Pereira Andy 
Published: December 2010

AbstractCellulose from plant biomass is the largest renewable energy resource of carbon fixed from the atmosphere, which can be converted into fermentable sugars for production into ethanol. However, the cellulose present as lignocellulosic biomass is embedded in a hemicellulose and lignin matrix from which it needs to be extracted for efficient processing. Here, we show that expression of an Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) transcription factor, SHINE (SHN), in rice (Oryza sativa), a model for the grasses, causes a 34% increase in cellulose and a 45% reduction in lignin content. The rice AtSHN lines also exhibit an altered lignin composition correlated with improved digestibility, with no compromise in plant strength and performance. Using a detailed systems-level analysis of global gene expression in rice, we reveal the SHN regulatory network coordinating down-regulation of lignin biosynthesis and up-regulation of cellulose and other cell wall biosynthesis pathway genes. The results thus support the development of nonfood crops and crop wastes with increased cellulose and low lignin with good agronomic performance that could improve the economic viability of lignocellulosic crop utilization for biofuels.
The campus‐wide laptop loan service and the library's role
Authors: Gu Fang 
Published: December 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to present a successful partnership between the library and other campus units of California State University Sacramento in the program of campus‐wide laptop loan service. As an integral part of university resources, the library staff and systems play an exceptional role in collaborating with other university units in the campus‐wide program.Design/methodology/approachThree campus units worked together to create a model of support in innovation, cooperation and sharing of the campus resources, technology and expertise. Introducing the establishment of the campus‐wide loan service program and sharing service feedback retrieved from multiple service units in the project contributed to the success of this new program in the campus resource‐sharing practice.FindingsCollaboration, cooperation, and teamwork are fundamental in sharing campus resources, and creating staffing synergies and delivering an ever‐increasing range of university services, especially in an environment of budget constraints and economic difficulties.Originality/valueThere are many academic libraries now providing laptop loan service, but campus‐wide laptop loan service needs more collaboration, cooperation and communication for the program crew to embrace differences in serving a common‐interest group.
Strategic repositioning in a dynamic environment
Authors: Chan Diana L.H. , Soong Samson C. 
Published: December 2010

PurposeThe main purpose of this paper is to discuss the strategic repositioning of an academic library using the dynamic capability framework.Design/methodology/approachThe discussion is based on the re‐organizational process of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library. Three stages are focused, illustrating how the library managed to be dynamically capable, including: sensing the environmental impacts; realigning and reconfiguring its resources; and implementing effective strategies to respond to these challenges.FindingsThe library adopted a multitude of channels and media in sensing environmental challenges. By going through a strategic reorganization, the library has realigned and redeployed its staff resources to better prepare for incoming changes. The reformed organization moved ahead with renewed culture and values, including better internal communication, team spirit, collective learning mechanisms, and effective user communication.Research limitations/implicationsReorganization is complex and can be highly stressful. Participative culture and effective communication seem to be successful mechanisms.Practical implicationsCross‐training on work procedures and routines in other units provided organizational learning mechanisms. This collective learning broadened staff's work knowledge, enlightened their understanding of complex processes, fostered good team spirit, and improved overall effectiveness, as more staff become aware of the overall performance implications of their actions.Originality/valueThe paper shares various reorganization concerns and how they were handled. The benefits of a large‐scale cross‐training program are outlined.
Singing in harmony: statistical benchmarking for academic libraries
Authors: Jilovsky Cathie 
Published: December 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to describe the design and implementation of a pilot project for the benchmarking of library statistics for Asian academic libraries.Design/methodology/approachThe project was facilitated through the development, set‐up and management of an online statistics service for a group of 22 academic libraries in Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. CAVAL, an Australian library consortium, managed the project with sponsorship provided by the iGroup, Asia. The objectives were to develop and provide an online statistics web site, to improve the collection processes for the individual libraries and to develop a sustainable service for statistical benchmarking.FindingsThe pilot project provided an opportunity for libraries in the region to participate in the creation and usage of a shared statistical database. At this point in time the utility and value of cumulative statistical collections are not generally recognized in Asian libraries. Hence, participation in the project was an opportunity for library staff to gain some experience with the practicalities, and to raise their awareness of the need for a critical mass of centralized data in order to benchmark.Practical implicationsCAVAL will maintain the Asian Online Statistics web site into the future. Some of the participating libraries are keen to continue to contribute data and to grow the database. However, for this to happen further funding will be required. Discussions are ongoing as to how this can be achieved.Originality/valueThis project was the first opportunity for libraries in this region to gain experience with contributing to and benchmarking with a shared statistical collection.
From library stacks to library‐in‐a‐pocket: will users be around?
Authors: Cheong Choy Fatt 
Published: December 2010

PurposeAs libraries move their focus from print collections to digital resources residing in the “cloud”, the library‐user relationship has also changed dramatically. Power has clearly shifted from the library to the user and the dependence relationship has been inverted. The library‐user relationship is fundamental and defines what libraries are, and therefore their future. It is therefore important to think about how to ensure that users continue to use and value libraries. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the changing relationship between libraries and their users and to suggest critical factors to consider when designing and planning library services in order to sustain a viable library‐user relationship.Design/methodology/approachThe paper sets the context for discussing the importance of maintaining high levels of library use by considering key changes in the information environment and the behavior of users. It is argued that the abundant choices available to information users today cause them to make usage decisions that are not based only on the usefulness and quality of information resources and services, but more on expediency and other factors.FindingsIt is not sufficient to provide useful, high quality and innovative library resources and services. The acid test for their success is whether they will be used frequently. Four factors are suggested – convenience, attention, awareness, and perception of value, that are likely to influence future use of libraries.Originality/valueThe paper serves as a reminder for librarians to pay attention to the common sense factors when designing, planning, implementing and reviewing library facilities, resources and services.
Bibliobabble?
Authors: Storey Colin 
Published: December 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to address the dangers for a highly trained group of professionals – academic librarians – in responding to the challenge of divesting their libraries of a very large amount of printed material.Design/methodology/approachThe approach takes the form of a general view of the current state‐of‐play in library managementvis‐à‐visthe e‐revolution, in terms of the corresponding preservation of printed materials.FindingsTraditionally, the majority stock of any library, rarely used printed books and journals seem to have become a liability and a burden in this web‐spun, e‐raddled world. Academic librarians are becoming active participants in the rush to achieve a “print→less” heaven. For the first time in history on such a scale and in any period of war or peace, the next 20 years could witness a huge and deliberate global dispersal and even destruction of a substantial portion of the printed word in university, college and research libraries. ThisFahrenheit 451‐equivalent event would be carefully planned not by ruthless despots and capricious censors riding roughshod over the bodies of librarians to re‐write historical records, but by … the librarians themselves. This is not just “bibliobabble” – defined here as the reactionary ravings of the bibliophile against a tidal wave of e‐books and digital content. Given librarians' innate professional ability for organized thoroughness, a series of small local projects, largely unremarked in the wider world, would be very speedily executed, leading to global and possibly uncoordinated weeding. This sustained dispersal or destruction of printed material from the protective walls of universities and colleges, without the usual finesse or adequate time or resources, will re‐classify “ordinary” works into titles of “relative” or even “absolute” rarity worldwide. Academic librarians will have created a new profession for themselves – “rare book engineers” – by massively reducing the number of copies held in the world's libraries and relying on private book collectors (if they still exist in 2060) to acquire any of the millions of discarded titles and preserve them for posterity.Practical implicationsLibrarians need to consider carefully how and where lesser‐used printed materials will be disposed of and sent.Originality/valueUsing practical examples from many years of experience in librarianship, the author states some strong personal opinions on this matter.
Library 2.0 or Library III: returning to leadership
Authors: Nesta Frederick , Mi Jia 
Published: December 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to present a critical review of “Web 2.0” and “Library 2.0” applications and proposal of a redirection of resources towards semantic web developments.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on a historical review of library development and new technology.FindingsThe paper finds that acceptance by the public of “Library 2.0” applications has been low and that social networking tools do not contribute to the core mission of libraries.Originality/valueThe paper proposes that the concept of a second era of libarianship and the term “Library II” should apply to the revolution in library services that occurred with the development of the MARC format in the 1960s and that librarians should be looking towards “Library III” by developing new linkages with semantic web tools.
Collaboration and co‐operation in Asian library resource collections
Authors: Hall Michelle 
Published: December 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to discuss how collaboration between institutions, especially smaller collections, can result in increased access to materials and specialist staff for researchers and students.Design/methodology/approachALIM (Asian Libraries in Melbourne, consisting of the University of Melbourne and Monash University) has already undertaken a number of collaborative projects. Several of these projects are introduced and the most recent example of ALIM collaboration is discussed. In total, 22 university libraries worldwide were surveyed on their respective Asian language collections, staffing levels, budget and holdings. ALIM libraries – both singly and together – were compared with the institutions surveyed.FindingsPreliminary findings suggest that collaboration helps smaller collections to assist their primary customer base and supports the achievement of greater outcomes than would be the case if each operated independently.Research limitations/implicationsThus far, only a small sample has been analysed. Deeper follow‐up analysis is planned for late 2010.Practical implicationsThe study demonstrates that staff at smaller, specialized libraries benefit from the opportunity to work collaboratively, share their expertise both locally and internationally, and expand their professional networks.Originality/valueThis paper provides possible solutions to managers of specialized libraries who are facing budget cuts and staff shortages. By collaborating with their counterparts in local institutions, individual librarians expand their networks and the breadth of assistance that can be offered to researchers.
Organisational quality and organisational change
Authors: Smith Ian 
Published: December 2010

PurposeWhich comes first – quality or change? Managing change is inherent in organisational quality enhancement. Managing organisational change and managing organisational quality go hand‐in‐hand. This paper seeks to look into quality enhancement initiatives to achieve organisational fitness for purpose.Design/methodology/approachThis discussion focuses first on organisational quality – what quality means, why it is important and the means for achieving quality. The focus then shifts to effective management of organisational change including the nature of change and the high failure rate of change initiatives. Many models, approaches and prescriptions for understanding, and effectively managing, change are available. Two are discussed here: Kotter's eight‐step model of change and Doppelt's seven‐point “wheel of change”. Commonalities and differences of the two approaches are examined and pointers to “green” and “red” lights for change managers are highlighted. A large‐scale organisational reform program at La Trobe University (Australia) provides a case study of complex change in progress. Kotter and Doppelt's frameworks are used to reflect on aspects of that organisation's experience of working with change.FindingsThe discussion concludes by returning to the theme expressed in the title of this paper – quality and change go hand‐in‐hand. Libraries and librarians operating in an environment of rapid and complex change should add to their managerial “toolkits” an understanding of the intersecting issues of organisational quality and organisational change, and a proactive approach to managing both.Originality/valueManagers and leaders seeking to make change and achieve organisational quality may be well served by keeping these basic green and red lights as markers and check points along the path to reaching change and/or quality objectives.
The use of pneumatic artificial muscles in robot construction
Authors: Palko Anton , Smrček Juraj 
Published: December 2010

PurposeRecent requirements for drive systems in robotic technology, mainly for their performance, performance and weight ratio, compactness with minimal internal structure and with the integration of main functional parts, lead to intensive application of new, non‐traditional solutions. One of the possible approaches to a non‐traditional solution of drive systems in robotic technology is the application of pneumatic artificial muscle (PAM). The purpose of this paper is to review the designs and applications of the under‐pressure artificial muscle (UPAM) and the creation of non‐standard modules for robotic technology based on PAM.Design/methodology/approachCertain part of the disadvantages of an over‐pressure PAM can be solved by the use of an UPAM. As a performance output, UPAM principle guarantees linear movement along the axis with relevant traction force. This UPAM demonstration is evaluated as the drive in mechanic constructions.FindingsTheoretical calculations, which have been performed, as well as experimental tests and evaluations of the model of this muscle have confirmed an agreement with theoretical relationships valid for PAM generally. The module TMPAM with lengthening action element is principally based on the change of input pressure energy, shape and volume change of action element into output mechanical (power, kinetic) energy. The analysis of the results of measurements (set of measurements, four samples of action element) of the given relationships allows to say that the tractive power F and the lift grow with the change of geometric arrangement of the action element in the box of the driving unit. The output parameters of the TMPAM can be regulated by the number of action elements integrated in the unit (creating two‐element and more‐elemnet parallel sets).Practical implicationsThe UPAM maintains all advantages of the principle and recent constructions of the PAM, as well as lightness and compactness of the design. The results confirm that this construction principle of the translation modules is suitable mainly for small lifts, lower load and movements, where even, soft motion is required.Originality/valueOn the basis of author's own solutions of the underpressure artificial muscle (UPAM, original patent) and non‐traditional translation module (TMPAM, original design), the paper evaluates and generalizes the findings obtained from the use of PAM in robot construction.
Study on the multi‐manipulator tooth‐arrangement robot for complete denture manufacturing
Authors: Yong‐de Zhang , Jin‐gang Jiang , Pei‐jun Lv , Yong Wang 
Published: December 2010

PurposeIt is not an easy and simple task to manufacture a complete denture with high quality. Traditionally, it often needs a medical expert with experience and hand‐on skill, due to the manual way of denture manufacturing. The purpose of this paper is to implement the multi‐manipulator tooth‐arrangement robot system that can fully automate the denture manufacturing process.Design/methodology/approachA novel complete denture manufacturing mechanism is designed, which is based on the multi‐manipulator and dental arch generator. The visual tooth‐arrangement and robot control software is developed in VC++6.0. Preliminary experiments on tooth‐arrangement have been conducted using the proposed multi‐manipulator tooth‐arrangement robot prototype system.FindingsThe multi‐manipulator tooth‐arrangement robot prototype system can automatically design and manufacture a set of complete denture that fit a patient by visual tooth‐arrangement and robot control software according to the patient's jaw arch parameters.Research limitations/implicationsThe implication of research is that it is feasible that the manufacture strategy of complete denture fulfilled by multi‐manipulator tooth‐arrangement robot. The limitation of research is that it is difficult to realize coordinate control.Originality/valueThe traditional manual method which makes complete denture by medical personal experience will be changed after the multi‐manipulator tooth‐arrangement robot system is manufactured, and adjustment to each tooth position and orientation will be realized by this system.