bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Omental patch as prevention for bile leak in patients undergoing subtotal cholecystectomy: a propensity score analysis
Authors: Ramírez-Giraldo Camilo , Avendaño-Morales Violeta , González-Muñoz Alejandro , Van-Londoño Isabella , Díaz-Castrillón Juan Felipe , Isaza-Restrepo Andrés 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Subtotal cholecystectomy is one of the most frequent bail-out procedures performed during difficult cholecystectomy. A common complication to this procedure is bile leak, and thus multiple strategies have been created to avoid its appearance. This study aims to evaluate the effectivity of using an omental patch as bile leak prevention in patients undergoing subtotal cholecystectomy. A retrospective cohort study including patients who underwent subtotal cholecystectomy between 2014 and 2022 was performed. 17 patients had an omental patch, while 378 did not; the latter were included to evaluate surgical outcomes with bile leak as a primary outcome using a propensity score matching analysis (PSM). Patients’ median age in both groups after PSM was 71.00 (IQR: 59.00–81.00) and 69.00 (IQR: 61.75–80.25) years, respectively. The dominant sex in both groups was male. In most cases surgical procedure indication was cholecystitis. Patients who had an omental patch did not present statistically significant differences for bile leak rates compared to patients who did not (29.4% versus 17.6%, p = 0.456, respectively). Similar results were observed when evaluating the need for postoperative ERCP for bile leak management (23.5 versus 5.9%, p = 0.078). A statistically significant higher proportion of major complications were observed in patients who had an omental patch (47.1% versus 19.1%, p = 0.038). Pedicled omental patch was not an effective measure for preventing bile leak, and it even presented a higher rate of complications. It is thus imperative to continue evaluating other strategies for the prevention of bile leak during subtotal cholecystectomy.
Nano-spanlastics-loaded dissolving microneedle patches for ketotifen fumarate: advanced strategies for allergic conjunctivitis treatment and molecular insights
Authors: Elhabal Sammar Fathy , El-Nabarawi Mohamed , Elrefai Mohamed Fathi Mohamed , Teaima Mahmoud H. , Shoela Mai S. , Khamis Gehad M. , Faheem Ahmed Mohsen , kholeif Nada ahmed , Sanad Mahmoud Tarek 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is the most common inflammatory disease affecting the eye's ocular surface, lid, conjunctiva, and cornea. However, effective ocular drug delivery remains challenging due to physiological barriers such as the corneal barrier. Ketotifen (KF), a widely used antihistamine and mast cell stabilizer, for treating AC and atopic asthma but belongs to the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS II) have poor solubility. This study developed a multiple strategies approach for the first time, utilizing the spanlastics nano-vesicular carriers’ system (SP) containing KF using an ethanol injection method. The optimized KF-SP exhibited the smallest particle size, largest zeta-potential and entrapment efficiency ∼232.5 ± 1.9 nm, -28 ± 0.51 and 73 ± 0.02%, respectively were further incorporated into PVA/PVP polymeric dissolving microneedles (MNs) by using a micromolding technique. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis confirmed well-defined tips and morphology, and in vitro studies showed a controlled 93% cumulative release over 72 h, with a zero-order kinetic release profile, providing stable therapeutic levels. Pharmacodynamic evaluation using the Ovalbumin/Aluminium hydroxide-induced AC model demonstrated significant reductions in IgE, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels by 68.7%, 71.3%, and 67.6%, respectively, while TGF-β and IL-10 levels increased by 70.1% and 62.7% using ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). Gene expression analysis (IGF-1, Annexin A1, and Bcl2) further supported the therapeutic potential of this system. In this study, we proved the topical application of the multiple strategies approach KF-SP loaded PVA/PVP MNs patch offers a targeted, sustained release treatment for AC, with promising implications for prolonged ocular therapy.

Graphical Abstract
“Safeguarding Children and Young People from Gambling Harms: A Scoping Review of the Grey Literature”
Authors: Davidson Kevin , Davis Christina , Arden-Close Emily , Bolat Elvira , Panourgia Constantina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose of Review
This scoping review aims to assess the range and effectiveness of interventions in the UK or relevant to the UK context designed to prevent or reduce gambling-related harms among children and young people (CYP) aged up to 25 years based on grey literature. Grey literature captures practical strategies and innovations not documented in academic literature, offering a comprehensive understanding of existing interventions.

Recent Findings
The review identified fourteen organisations offering interventions primarily focused on prevention and treatment. Educational interventions, delivered through workshops, online courses, and digital resources, were most prevalent. Innovative approaches, such as interactive web-based games, showed higher engagement levels among CYP. However, most interventions lacked rigorous evaluation data, especially concerning CYP’s developmental needs.

Summary
The review indicates the importance of multi-systemic approaches involving various stakeholders to mitigate gambling-related harms. It highlights the need for tailored, evidence-based strategies addressing CYP’s vulnerabilities, incorporating robust evaluation methods. Future research should include diverse linguistic and cultural contexts to ensure comprehensive protection for CYP from gambling-related harms.
Assessment of shear capacity of reinforced concrete slender beams using tire steel fiber
Authors: Quadri Ajibola Ibrahim , Kupolati Williams Kehinde , Ackerman Chris , Snyman Jacque , Ndambuki Julius Musyoka 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The response of reinforced concrete is frequently nonlinear and exhibits quasi-brittle failure consistently throughout their service lives. Several materials and procedures have been used to boost the capacity some of which are often expensive. Waste tire steel fiber was used in this study for environmental sustainability, ensuring economy, efficiency, and elegance as part of the SDG goals. Nine (9) RC slender beams with dimensions 1500 × 250 × 120 mm were cast and loaded at a shear span to depth ratio of 2.44. Slender beams with fiber contents of 0.5 and 1% by volume of concrete and without fiber were considered and subjected to increasing static loading to understand the failure response and post-peak behavior after the beam’s ultimate failure. The dominant failure observed throughout the investigation was shear. The addition of 1% waste fiber increased the shear capacity of the beam without shear reinforcement by 10%, 0.5% waste fiber together with shear reinforcement increased the shear capacity and ductility by 17% and 41% over the shear-reinforced beams without waste fiber, and about 58% greater than in beams without the shear reinforcement and waste fiber. The applicability of FEM analysis under the elastoplastic constitutive model of RC elements replicates consistency with the experiment.
Arabic speech recognition using neural networks: concepts, literature review and challenges
Authors: Haboussi Samia , Oukas Nourredine , Zerrouki Taha , Djettou Halima 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The ability to recognize and translate human speech has grown in importance. By completing this task, obstacles are removed and smooth communication between people and devices is facilitated. In recent times, researchers have shown a heightened interest in automatic speech recognition (ASR) utilizing artificial intelligence algorithms. These algorithms have yielded superior results in various applications, including speech recognition, making it a highly appealing area of research. However, these impressive outcomes are not consistent for all spoken languages, with Arabic being one of them. The limited availability of suitable datasets hinders the effectiveness of Arabic speech recognition. In this paper, we present an overview of Arabic ASR using neural networks. We survey the state of the art and present several tables for comparison, description, and classification. In addition, this study aims to identify the major challenges in real-world environments. The findings presented in this review shed light on the research trends in the field of Arabic ASR and suggest potential new directions for future research.
Adapting Direct-Current Current Transformers for contactless ion beam measurements of electric propulsion systems
Authors: Henrich Luca , Becker Daniel , Sach Max , Frey Jochen , Volkmar Chris 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
For electric propulsion (EP) systems, measurement of plume ion currents and densities is a core diagnostic tool. The state of the art, Faraday-Cups (FCs), terminate the beam, since the ions must impinge on a collector plate. Chief among the issues associated with this approach are the emission of secondary electrons, the unknown transmission function of the screening grid used, and backscattering, thus requiring calibration. Direct-Current Current Transformers (DCCT) provide, in principle, an absolute and contactless option for inductively measuring any direct current. For application in typical EP systems, the concept needs to be adapted for small currents

$$<{1}\ {\upmu }\text{A}$$

<
1

μ
A

compared to the established use case in particle accelerators (

$$\gg {1}\ {\upmu }\text{A}$$

≫
1

μ
A

). A modular prototype was developed and investigated for possible optimizations as well as error sources. The system was tested in the far field of the ion beam of a gridded ion source. However, the measurement does not align with the theoretically expected value. Susceptibility to electromagnetic interference (EMI) and non-periodic drifts in the measurement signal across various timescales were found to introduce noise. Wire-bound test currents down to

$$<{10}\ {\upmu }\text{A}$$

<
10

μ
A

could be reliably measured. The wire-bound tests show promise for DCCTs to complement FCs as a calibration device and alternative for use cases in which FCs show limitations, i.e. for extended, integral, near field, or combined diagnostics.
A drop in the bucket? The effectiveness of nudging healthier snacks in a supermarket in a deprived neighborhood in the Netherlands
Authors: van den Bekerom Loes , van Gestel Laurens C. , Bussemaker Jet , Adriaanse Marieke A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Nudging is often proposed as a promising policy approach for improving healthy choices among lower socioeconomic position (SEP) populations. However, nudges may not suit lower SEP contexts and empirical studies are scarce. We examined the efficacy of a repositioning nudge at a supermarket in a deprived neighborhood in improving healthier snack purchases and described customers’ healthy grocery shopping needs. Daily sales were collected during 4-week control and intervention periods, where healthier snacks replaced unhealthy snacks at the checkout. Besides, questionnaires were administered. More healthier snacks were sold per day during the intervention (Median = 2.50, Q1 = 2.00, Q3 = 3.50) than control period (Median = 0, Q1 = 0, Q3 = 1.00), B = 1.77, z = 5.50, p < .001, incidence rate ratio = 5.87 (95%CI [3.52, 10.17]). Despite statistical significance, the absolute number of healthier snacks sold remains negligible. Customers report to find it important to eat healthily and to think carefully about their groceries, but to hardly buy snacks at the checkout and desire a healthy and affordable food offer. Repositioning nudges may not suit the circumstances and needs of lower SEP populations. Interventions must be tailored to lower SEP groups and integrated with system-level policies.
Smooth imploding solutions for 3D compressible fluids
Authors: Buckmaster Tristan , Cao-Labora Gonzalo , Gómez-Serrano Javier 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Building upon the pioneering work of Merle, Raphaël, Rodnianski and Szeftel [67, 68, 69], we construct exact, smooth self-similar imploding solutions to the 3D isentropic compressible Euler equations for ideal gases for all adiabatic exponents

$\gamma>1$

. For the particular case

$\gamma =\frac 75$

(corresponding to a diatomic gas – for example, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen), akin to the result [68], we show the existence of a sequence of smooth, self-similar imploding solutions. In addition, we provide simplified proofs of linear stability [67] and nonlinear stability [69], which allow us to construct asymptotically self-similar imploding solutions to the compressible Navier-Stokes equations with density independent viscosity for the case

$\gamma =\frac 75$

. Moreover, unlike [69], the solutions constructed have density bounded away from zero and converge to a constant at infinity, representing the first example of singularity formation in such a setting.
Communications and “Communicators” in the Yuan and Early Ming
Authors: Rossabi Morris 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Having conquered a vast multi-lingual domain, the Mongols needed to devise a means of communication with the population. In earlier Chinese dynasties, individuals had translated Buddhist texts, treaties, and commercial agreements, but the Mongols in China founded government agencies and recruited Chinese and non-Chinese interpreters and translators to provide these services. Attempting to unify his lands, Khubilai Khan, who founded the Yuan dynasty, commissioned ‘Phags-pa, a Tibetan Buddhist monk, to develop a written script that could be used for many languages. Despite repeated injunctions from the Yuan court, the script was used almost solely for such government issuances as paper money, seals, and paiza, objects which were markers of status or permission for a variety of activities or to ensure safe passage through the Mongol domains. Linguistic unity, via the ‘Phags-pa script or a lingua franca eluded the Mongols, although Persian and Turkic were employed for specific purposes. The succeeding Ming dynasty learned from the Mongols of the need for translators and interpreters and established colleges of translators and interpreters.
Waterbird foraging traces from the early Eocene Green River Formation, Utah
Authors: Zonneveld John-Paul , Naone Sarah , Britt Brooks 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Foraging traces associated with the web-footed avian footprint ichnotaxon Presbyornithiformipes feduccii are described. Four new ichnospecies in three new ichnogenera are established to identify and describe the traces that resulted from foraging behaviors. All four ichnotaxa are, in places, overprinted by P. feduccii footprints and occur either laterally to, or sinuously woven between, P. feduccii trackways and therefore were clearly emplaced by the P. feduccii tracemaker.
Erevnoichnus blochi new ichnogenus new ichnospecies is established for a series of pits, joined by a marginal groove, that are associated with web-footed bird trackways. This ichnotaxon is interpreted to record regular probing/gaping as a waterbird swept its head from side to side searching for food. Erevnoichnus strimmena n. igen. new ichnospecies is established for en-echelon, gently arcuate grooves produced through forward probing by a waterbird searching for food. Ravdosichnus guntheri new ichnogenus new ichnospecies is established for simple grooves with u-shaped profiles produced when a waterbird dragged its bill backwards through the sediment. Aptosichnus diatarachi new ichnogenus new ichnospecies is established for a broad, shallow groove/trough characterized by sinuous margins and a complex, irregular fill. It is interpreted to record thorough bill stirring in an area with common prey.
All four ichnotaxa named herein are interpreted to record tactile feeding behavior by a marginal lacustrine waterbird searching for prey. Their association with Presbyornithiformipes feduccii suggests that the purported tracemaker, Presbyornis pervetus, did not forage solely through filter-feeding but was also capable of tactile foraging for larger prey.
UUID: www.zoobank.org/42c5d24b-6e9a-45da-9a48-78f8f040311c
Copelatus diving beetles (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae) from early Miocene Mexican amber, with description of a new species displaying distinct sexual dimorphism
Authors: Hájek Jiří , Zippel Ana , Müller Patrick , Pankowski Maximilian G. , Hendrich Lars , Balke Michael 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Two diving beetle species (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae) from the extant genus Copelatus Erichson are documented from early Miocene Mexican amber. Copelatus chiapas new species is described based on a series of specimens of both sexes. Copelatus chiapas n. sp. is the third species of the subfamily Copelatinae described from amber and the first fossil diving beetle for which distinct sexual dimorphism is documented. The other species remains identified to genus level only, due to poor structural visibility. Key morphological characters of the species are illustrated.
UUID: http://zoobank.org/0127be7a-bcb5-41da-9363-283d5cd49738
Thomist Anthropology and the Problem of Causal Interface
Authors: Otte Marcus Shane 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Aquinas’ anthropology is commonly believed to prevent the mind–body problem by treating the human being as one substance, and the soul as a formal cause. Thomists’ descriptions of Aquinas’ anthropology tend to understate or even omit its more dualistic elements, e.g., that the soul is an agent cause that moves the body, and that acts through the mediation of the ‘corporeal spirits’. More importantly, these descriptions overlook that Aquinas himself recognizes a problem of mental causality and even argues for some solutions to it. This paper aims to show that there is such a problem within Aquinas’ conceptual frame, and that contemporary Thomist anthropologies are also vulnerable to it.
Altitude estimation of radio frequency interference sources via interferometric near-field corrections
Authors: Ducharme Jade M. , Pober Jonathan C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Radio-frequency interference (RFI) presents a significant obstacle to current radio interferometry experiments aimed at the Epoch of Reionization. RFI contamination is often several orders of magnitude brighter than the astrophysical signals of interest, necessitating highly precise identification and flagging. Although existing RFI flagging tools have achieved some success, the pervasive nature of this contamination leads to the rejection of excessive data volumes. In this work, we present a way to estimate an RFI emitter’s altitude using near-field corrections. Being able to obtain the precise location of such an emitter could shift the strategy from merely flagging to subtracting or peeling the RFI, allowing us to preserve a higher fraction of usable data. We conduct a preliminary study using a two-minute observation from the Murchison-Widefield Array (MWA) in which an unknown object briefly crosses the field of view, reflecting RFI signals into the array. By applying near-field corrections that bring the object into focus, we are able to estimate its approximate altitude and speed to be

$11.7$

km and 792 km/h, respectively. This allows us to confidently conclude that the object in question is in fact an airplane. We further validate our technique through the analysis of two additional RFI-containing MWA observations, where we are consistently able to identify airplanes as the source of the interference.
Constraining the link between the 2175Å dust absorption feature and PAHs in Nearby Star-Forming Galaxies using Swift/UVOT and JWST/MIRI
Authors: Battisti A. , Shivaei I. , Park H.-J. , Decleir M. , Calzetti D. , Mathew J. , Wisnioski E. , da Cunha E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The 2175Å bump is a prominent absorption feature at ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths in dust extinction and attenuation curves. Understanding the relative strength of this feature is important for making accurate dust corrections at both low- and high-redshift. This feature is postulated to arise from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) dust grains; however, the carrier has not been definitively established. We present results on the correlation between the 2175Å feature and PAH abundances in a spatially-resolved manner for 15 local galaxies in the PHANGS-JWST survey that have NUV and mid-IR imaging data from Swift/UVOT and JWST/MIRI, respectively. We find a moderate positive correlation between the 2175Å feature strength and PAH abundance (Spearman’s coefficient,

$0.3 \lesssim \rho \lesssim 0.5$

), albeit with large intrinsic scatter. However, most of this trend can be attributed to a stronger negative correlation of both quantities with SFR surface density and specific-SFR (proxies of ionising radiation;

$\rho\sim-0.6$

). The latter trends are consistent with previous findings that both the 2175Å carrier and PAHs are small grains that are easily destroyed by UV photons, although the proxy for PAH abundance (based on photometry) could also be influenced by dust heating. When controlling for SFR surface density, we find weaker correlations between the 2175Å feature and PAH abundances (

$\rho \lesssim 0.3$

), disfavouring a direct link. However, analyses based on spectroscopic (instead of photometric) measurements of the 2175Å feature and PAH features are required to verify our findings. No significant trends with gas-phase metallicity or galactocentric radii are found for the 2175Å feature and PAHs; however, the metallicity range of our sample is limited (

$8.40 \lt 12+\log[\mathrm{O/H}] \lt 8.65$

). We provide prescriptions for the strength of the 2175Å feature and PAHs in local massive (metal-rich) galaxies with SFR surface density and specific-SFR; however, the former should be used with caution due to the fact that bump strengths measured from Swift/UVOT are expected to be underestimated.
ON NEW MINIMAL EXCLUDANTS OF OVERPARTITIONS RELATED TO SOME q-SERIES OF RAMANUJAN
Authors: DHAR ARITRAM , MUKHOPADHYAY AVI , SARMA RISHABH 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Inspired by work of Andrews and Newman [‘Partitions and the minimal excludant’, Ann. Comb.23 (2019), 249–254] on the minimal excludant or ‘mex’ of partitions, we define four new classes of minimal excludants for overpartitions and establish relations to certain functions due to Ramanujan.
EXISTENCE OF K-MULTIMAGIC SQUARES AND MAGIC SQUARES OF kth POWERS WITH DISTINCT ENTRIES
Authors: FLORES DANIEL 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We demonstrate the existence of K-multimagic squares of order N consisting of

$N^2$

distinct integers whenever

$N> 2K(K+1)$

. This improves our earlier result [D. Flores, ‘A circle method approach to K-multimagic squares’, preprint (2024), arXiv:2406.08161] in which we only required

$N+1$

distinct integers. Additionally, we present a direct method by which our analysis of the magic square system may be used to show the existence of

$N \times N$

magic squares consisting of distinct kth powers when

$$ \begin{align*}N> \begin{cases} 2^{k+1} & \text{if}\ 2 \leqslant k \leqslant 4, \\ 2 \lceil k(\log k + 4.20032) \rceil & \text{if}\ k \geqslant 5, \end{cases}\end{align*} $$

improving on a recent result by Rome and Yamagishi [‘On the existence of magic squares of powers’, preprint (2024), arxiv:2406.09364].
ON MINIMAL ADDITIVE COMPLEMENTS
Authors: WANYAN GUO , TANG MIN 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Let C and W be two integer sets. If

$C+W=\mathbb {Z}$

, then we say that C is an additive complement to W. If no proper subset of C is an additive complement to W, then we say that C is a minimal additive complement to W. We study the existence of a minimal additive complement to

$W=\{w_i\}_{i=1}^{\infty}$

when W is not eventually periodic and

$w_{i+1}-w_{i}\in \{2,3\}$

for all i.