bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Faraday tomography of LoTSS-DR2 data
Authors: Erceg Ana , Jelić Vibor , Haverkorn Marijke , Gajović Lovorka , Hardcastle Martin , Shimwell Timothy W. , Tasse Cyril 
Published: June 2024

Context. The LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR) provides a unique opportunity to probe the magneto-ionised structure of our Galactic neighbourhood with great resolution. In this work, we present a new mosaic created with the second release of LOFAR Two-Metre Sky Survey data (LoTSS-DR2), which probes polarised synchrotron emission in the high-latitude inner Galaxy. This is the third paper in a series whose main goal is understanding the LOFAR Faraday tomographic data at low radio frequencies and utilising it to explore the intricate structure of the local interstellar medium (ISM).
Aims. Our objective is to characterise the observed emission through multi-tracer analysis to better understand the volume and the structures that may be observed with LOFAR. Furthermore, we exploit Faraday depth as a unique tool to probe the diffuse magnetised structure in the local ISM.
Methods. We produced a mosaic Faraday cube of LoTSS-DR2 data by applying a rotation measure synthesis algorithm. From the cube, we constructed Faraday moment maps to characterise the nature of spectra. Additionally, we quantified the linear depolarisation canals using the Rolling Hough transform and used them to search for alignment with other data sets. Utilising LoTSS-DR2 observations alongside complementary data sets including Planck polarisation data, HI emission maps, and starlight polarisation measurements, we explored conditions along observed lines of sight and estimated the distance to the Faraday structures.
Results. The Faraday cube reveals a remarkably ordered structure across two-thirds of the observed area, whose orientation aligns well with that of both the HI filaments and the magnetic field. We estimate the minimum distance to the Faraday structures to be between 40 and 80 pc, which puts them in the vicinity of the Local Bubble wall. The emission is organised in a large gradient in Faraday depth whose origin we associate with the curved wall of the Local Bubble.
Conclusions. Comparing our data with a model of the Local Bubble wall, we conclude that we might be probing a contribution of the medium inside the Local Bubble cavity as well, corresponding to the complex of local interstellar clouds. Moreover, we propose a toy model incorporating an ionised front of finite thickness into the Local Bubble wall, as a curved, cold neutral shell alone is insufficient to produce the observed gradient. We explore possible magnetic field strengths, as well as the possible distribution of the neutral and ionised medium inside the wall, within the constraints of the observed Faraday depth.
Estimating the mass-to-distance ratio for a set of megamaser AGN black holes by employing a general relativistic method
Authors: González-Juárez A. , Momennia M. , Villalobos-Ramírez A. , Herrera-Aguilar A. 
Published: June 2024

Context. Motivated by the recent achievements of a full general relativistic method in determining black hole (BH) parameters, we continue to estimate the mass-to-distance ratio of the supermassive BHs hosted at the core of the active galactic nuclei (AGNs) of the megamaser galaxies NGC 1320, NGC 1194, NGC 5495, and Mrk 1029.
Aims. Our aim is to study the properties of super massive BHs at the centers of the selected AGNs by using a full general relativistic method that allows us to address the potential detection of relativistic effects within such astrophysical systems.
Methods. In order to perform statistical estimations with publicly available observational data, we used a general relativistic model that describes BH rotation curves and further employed a Bayesian fitting method.
Results. We estimated the mass-to-distance ratio of the aforementioned BHs, their position and the recessional redshifts of the host galaxies produced by both peculiar motion and cosmological expansion of the Universe. Finally, we calculated the gravitational redshift of the closest maser to the BH for each AGN. This gravitational redshift is a general relativistic effect produced by the gravitational field of the BH properly included in the modelling.
Sequential giant planet formation initiated by disc substructure
Authors: Lau Tommy Chi Ho , Birnstiel Til , Drążkowska Joanna , Stammler Sebastian Markus 
Published: June 2024

Context. Planet formation models are necessary to understand the origins of diverse planetary systems. Circumstellar disc substructures have been proposed as preferred locations of planet formation, but a complete formation scenario has not been covered by a single model so far.
Aims. We aim to study the formation of giant planets facilitated by disc substructure and starting with sub-micron-sized dust.
Methods. We connect dust coagulation and drift, planetesimal formation, N-body gravity, pebble accretion, planet migration, planetary gas accretion, and gap opening in one consistent modelling framework.
Results. We find rapid formation of multiple gas giants from the initial disc substructure. The migration trap near the substructure allows for the formation of cold gas giants. A new pressure maximum is created at the outer edge of the planetary gap, which triggers the next generation of planet formation resulting in a compact chain of giant planets. A high planet formation efficiency is achieved, as the first gas giants are effective at preventing dust from drifting further inwards, which preserves material for planet formation.
Conclusions. Sequential planet formation is a promising framework to explain the formation of chains of gas and ice giants.
Nährstoffsupplementierung bei Osteoporose: Herausforderungen und
Chancen der aktuellen Evidenzlage
Authors: Genest Franca , Genest Alexander , Rak Dominik , Seefried Lothar 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Untersuchung des Stellenwerts von Supplementen und Mangelvermeidung im Rahmen
der Ernährung bei Osteoporose rückt zunehmend in den Interessenmittelpunkt.
Gleichzeitig basiert die Wissenschaft zu diesem Thema überwiegend auf
Observationsstudien während die genaue Erforschung von Kausalzusammenhängen und
Dosis-Wirkungsbeziehungen eine Herausforderung bleibt. Insbesondere die
Datenlage zur Wertigkeit einer Proteinsupplementation, sowie der gezielten
Zufuhr von Folsäure, Vitamin B6 und B12, Kalium und grünem Tee für die
Knochengesundheit ist heterogen. Während die Daten zur Proteinsupplementation
grundsätzlich positive Effekte annehmen lassen, bleiben die optimale Menge und
die Proteinzusammensetzung bzw. Quellen sowie auch potenzielle Nebenwirkungen
Gegenstand der Diskussion. Die Rolle von Folsäure, Vitamin B6 und B12 ist gerade
im Kontext des Homocystein-Stoffwechsel vielschichtig und legt einen umsichtigen
Umgang mit dahingehenden Empfehlungen nahe. Die Untersuchungen zum Einfluss von
Kalium auf den Knochenstoffwechsel sind vielversprechend, jedoch variieren
Dosierungen und Formen in Studien erheblich. Auch zum grünem Tee zeigen einige
Studien positive Auswirkungen auf den Knochenstoffwechsel, aber die genauen
Mechanismen und optimalen Mengen bleiben auch hier unklar. Insgesamt zeigt die
verfügbare Evidenz bei umsichtigem Einsatz der genannten Supplemente keine
unmittelbaren Risiken. Im Hinblick auf einen konkreten Nutzen der letztlich eine
gezielte Empfehlung rechtfertigen würde besteht für alle genannten Supplemente
jedoch eine unzureichende Datenlage und weiterhin Forschungsbedarf um
ausreichend präzise und standardisierte Empfehlungen zu deren Einsatz für die
Knochengesundheit ableiten zu können.
Clinical Implications and Genetic Basis of Sleep Deprivation in Children
Authors: Martínez-Torres Laura , Diaz-Orjuela Natalia , Morales María Montaño , Jiménez Sara Poveda , Amaya Paula Pinilla , Contreras Mariana Vargas , Figueroa Sneyder Quitiaquez , Naranjo Juan Ramírez , Uribe Omar Rodriguez , Camacho-Cruz Jhon , Gutierrez-Castañeda Luz , Sanchez Daniela Rodriguez , Restrepo-Gualteros Sonia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSleep is a complex biological and physiological process that allows the body to rest in addition to playing an important role in proper homeostasis in different body systems such as immune, metabolic, cardiovascular, neurological, and hormonal. It is important to preserve the quality of sleep, for adequate vitality, since the alterations that occur in any of the phases of sleep have repercussions on several systems of an organism, whether they are short or long term, such as the negative effect of sleep deprivation on the hormonal and metabolic regulation of various pathophysiological processes that will contribute to the development of obesity in pediatric patients. It has been found that sleep-related problems are common in children, being a frequent reason for medical consultations. In addition to the aforementioned, there may also be alterations at the level of the cortex, which is associated with the nonregulation of emotions in preadolescent and adolescent pediatric patients. Finally, sleep could depend on polymorphisms that become risk alleles for having short-term sleep; likewise, there are genes that have a greater expression at the time of rest, which allows a relationship to be made with diseases developed in the face of sleep depletion. This article describes the clinical implications in pediatric patients as a consequence of sleep deprivation and its genetic bases.
Sequential Treatment with Modified Atkins Diet and Low Glycemic Index Treatment for Drug-Resistant Epilepsy in Children
Authors: Mulyan Aparna , Kaushik Jaya Shankar , Dabla Surekha 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objectives The present study was designed to study the efficacy of sequential dietary therapy with a modified Atkins diet (mAD) followed by low glycemic index treatment (LGIT) in treating drug-resistant epilepsy in children.
Methods This interventional study was conducted from February 2021 to February 2022 among children aged 6 months to 5 years who had failed to respond to more than two conventional and correctly chosen antiseizure medications. The primary endpoint was the proportion of good responders, that is, children with more than 50% seizure reduction. Secondary outcome measures were the proportion of children with seizure freedom, > 90% seizure reduction, and the nature of parent-reported adverse events.
Results A total of 45 children were recruited for the study, with 6 children being lost to follow-up at 12 weeks. At 12 weeks, 30 of 39 (76.9%) children were good responders with more than 50% seizure reduction. Of these 30 children, 11 (24.4%) had more than 90% seizure reduction, with 9 (20%) achieving complete spasm freedom. Constipation was the most common side effect of the diet among the enrolled subjects.
Conclusion Clinicians can consider sequential dietary therapy with a mAD in the first month followed by LGIT in the next 2 months for treating children who could not tolerate mAD beyond 1 month.
Languishing: Experiences of emerging adults in outpatient mental health care one year into the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Chitpin Jeremy , Wammes Michael , Ross James , Pillai Aiswarya , Demy Jazzmin , Carter Chloe , Tremblay Paul , Vingilis Evelyn , Osuch Elizabeth 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis qualitative study was conducted to assess the responses of emerging adults with pre-existing mood and anxiety disorders to the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients from the First Episode Mood and Anxiety Program in London, Ontario, Canada, which treats individuals aged 16–29 with mood and anxiety disorders, were invited between April 16th – 21st, 2021 to complete a survey on their current emotional states, activities and coping. Responses were analyzed using thematic analysis. A thematic analysis identified the theme of “Languishing,” among responses comprised of 3 organizing subthemes: “Dominance of Negative Emotion,” “Waiting and Stagnating,” and “Loss of Opportunity.” This study suggests that emerging adults with pre-existing mental illness languished as the pandemic and associated restrictions persisted. Emphasis on “Coping through Intentional Action,” a separate theme identified among those coping well, may be protective for this group.
The influence of age at first regular digital device access on digital reading performance: the mediating effect of cognitive flexibility
Authors: Hu Jie , Hu Jingdan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractYounger generations are receiving their first regular digital device access at progressively earlier ages than previous generations on average, whereas disparities in their early digital device access are still being observed globally. The inequality of first regular digital device access may have profound long-term effects on one’s information and communication technology (ICT) skills, but no evidence has suggested how unequal first regular digital device access impacts one’s digital reading, which enables one to process and comprehend information in this digitized world. Thus, the current study investigated the relationship between the age at which children first regularly access digital devices and their digital reading performance at age 15 while considering the potential mediating effect of cognitive flexibility. A multilevel mediation model was proposed and tested using data from a cross-national sample of 156,277 15-year-old students from 18 OECD countries from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). The results suggested that first regular digital device access after age 9 exerted a negative influence on digital reading scores in countries that generally had high levels of early digital access, and after age 13 in countries that had lower levels of early digital access. Additionally, cognitive flexibility mediated the association between the age at first regularly accessing digital devices and digital reading performance. Starting using digital devices regularly only after age 6, more evident at ages 9 to 12, was associated with lower levels of cognitive flexibility, which in turn led to worse digital reading performance. These findings demonstrated the importance of early first regular access to digital devices before school age (age 6) and highlighted the need for the cultivation of cognitive flexibility in family and school uses of digital devices.
Identifying stance in legislative discourse: a corpus-driven study of data protection laws
Authors: Cheng Le , Liu Xiuli , Si Chunlei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMirroring public ideologies and value systems in legislative discourse, stance not only functions as a powerful instrument for legislators to balance legal values and stakeholders’ interests but also acts as a valuable reference for individuals to understand legislative texts. This study conducts a corpus-driven analysis of stance expressions in legislative discourse. Using three self-compiled corpora that incorporate data protection laws from the United States, the European Union, and China, we apply Hyland’s stance model to contrastively analyse evidence of hedging, boosting, self-mention, and attitude markers across these jurisdictions and eventually propose a specialised research model of stance in law. This study unveils the nature of modesty and sufficient discursive space of data protection laws, as well as legislative values and public ideologies conveyed by different jurisdictions within the broader socio-legal cultural context. Besides uncovering the legal constructiveness of data protection laws, the results also suggest that the overall representation of stance in data protection legislation aligns with its performance in legislative discourse, which showcases a legislative tendency to achieve an overtly neutral appearance through covert stance expressions.
Green taxation, regional green development and innovation: Mechanisms of influence and policy optimization
Authors: Yang Yi , Zheng Tian , Wu Jingjing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs the severity of global climate change escalates, carbon peak and carbon neutrality have emerged as international imperatives. Green taxation, a crucial fiscal strategy promoting the transition to a green low-carbon economy, demands thorough investigation regarding its efficacy and operational mechanisms. Predominantly, existing research has concentrated on the macroeconomic implications of green taxes, while their influence on regional green growth and innovation remains underexplored. This paper delineates green taxation in both a broad and narrow sense, elucidating its essence and potential in stimulating regional green progress and innovation. Utilizing panel data from 30 provinces in China spanning 2004 to 2021, a bidirectional fixed-effects model was developed for empirical analysis. Moreover, an impact mechanism model was constructed to delve into how green taxation specifically affects regional green development and innovation. Findings reveal that green taxation significantly fosters regional green growth and markedly enhances green innovation. Nonetheless, due to the resource crowding-out effect, it adversely impacts the comprehensive innovation capabilities of regional enterprises. This insight offers a fresh perspective on the paradoxical effects of green taxation, underscoring the necessity for a balanced approach in policy design and implementation. Drawing on these conclusions, the paper presents tailored policy recommendations.
Unveiling local patterns of child pornography consumption in France using Tor
Authors: Koebe Till , del Villar Zinnya , Nutakki Brahmani , Sagimbayeva Nursulu , Weber Ingmar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractChild pornography—better known as child sexual abuse material (CSAM)—represents a severe form of exploitation and victimization of children, leaving the victims with emotional and physical trauma. In this study, we aim to analyze local patterns of CSAM consumption across 1341 French communes in 20 metropolitan regions of France between March 16 to May 31, 2019 using fine-grained mobile traffic data of Tor network-related web services. We estimate that approx. 0.08% of Tor mobile download traffic observed in France is linked to the consumption of CSAM by correlating it with local-level temporal porn consumption patterns. This compares to 0.19% of what we conservatively estimate to be the share of CSAM content in global Tor traffic. In line with existing literature on the link between sexual child abuse and the consumption of image-based content thereof, we observe a positive and statistically significant effect of our CSAM consumption estimates on the reported number of victims of sexual violence and vice versa, which validates our findings, after controlling for a set of geographically disaggregated features including socio-demographic characteristics, voting behavior, nearby points of interest and Google Trends queries. While this is a first, exploratory attempt to look at CSAM from a spatial epidemiological angle, we believe this research provides public health officials with valuable information to prioritize target areas for public awareness campaigns as another step to fulfill the global community’s pledge to target 16.2 of the sustainable development goals: “end abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence and torture against children".
“Not everything is on the hostess”
Authors: Almusallam Inas I. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Drawing data from the recordings of natural conversations and meta-pragmatic comments, and combining the neo-Brown
and Levinson approach and the relational work framework, this paper
explored how Saudi female friends manage friendly informal settings and hospitality despite culture-specific politeness
expectations. The analysis focused on just one of the discursive strategies in which the direction of displaying hospitality is
turned around, i.e. displayed by the guests rather than the host(ess). This strategy constituted a noticeable behaviour among the
13 close friends observed in this study. Cooperative conjoint hospitality was particularly useful for maintaining and enhancing
rapport, in-group membership, and solidarity among the friends and minimising hospitality obligations of the hostess. The analysis
demonstrated how such behaviour was consistent with the politeness norms negotiated in the close friends’ community of practice
(CofP) but differed from the politeness norms in the wider culture.
In-situ optimization of lateral film uniformity in PVD system by using Fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors
Authors: Haque S Maidul , Jagannadha Raju S D V S , Kumar Avijit , Karthik Goud B , Rai Sanjay , De Rajnarayan , Prathap C , Rao K Divakar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based temperature sensing method has been employed in this work for measuring the lateral temperature distribution on substrate plane during pulse DC magnetron sputtering deposition for optimization of lateral film uniformity. The evolution of temperature distribution with the variation of important process parameters like pulse width (496–1616 ns), deposition pressure (3.1 × 10−3–1.9 × 10–2 mbar) and sputtering power (25–250 W) have been measured over 40 mm radial distance on glass substrate horizon. To investigate the effect of substrate height on the temperature distribution, the later has been measured at two different substrate heights (60 mm and 90 mm) for varying sputtering power. Finally, the effect of variation in temperature distribution on uniformity of thickness and optical, morphological and structural properties have been investigated by separately depositing two HfO2 thin films at two representative extreme deposition powers (75 W and 200 W). The correlation of film non-uniformity of the above properties with the temperature distribution suggests that FBG based multipoint temperature sensing can be possibly used as an indicative tool for in situ optimization of the lateral film uniformity. In addition, the fast response and workability in plasma environment of FBG sensors enables precise in situ mapping of temperature distribution in sputtering process.
Moment of inertia and compactness of quark stars within the context of f(R, T, L

m
) gravity
Authors: Pretel Juan M Z 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Within the metric formalism of f(R, T, L

m
) gravity theories, we investigate the hydrostatic equilibrium structure of compact stars taking into account both isotropic and anisotropic pressure. For this purpose, we focus on the f(R, T, L

m
) = R + α
TL

m
model, where α is a free parameter. We derive the modified TOV equations and the relativistic moment of inertia in the slowly rotating approximation. Using an equation of state (EoS) for color-superconducting quark stars, we examine the effects of the α
TL

m
term on the different macroscopic properties of these stars. Our results reveal that the decrease of the parameter α leads to a noticeable increase in the maximum-mass values. For negative α with sufficiently small ∣α∣, we obtain a qualitative behavior similar to the general relativistic (GR) context, namely, it is possible to obtain a critical stellar configuration such that the mass reaches its maximum. However, for sufficiently large values of ∣α∣ keeping negative α, the critical point cannot be found on the mass-radius diagram. We also find that the inclusion of anisotropic pressure can provide masses and radii quite consistent with the current observational measurements, which opens an outstanding window onto the physics of anisotropic quark stars. By comparing the I − C relations of isotropic quark stars in modified gravity, we show that such a correlation remains almost unchanged as the parameter α varies from GR counterpart. On the other hand, given a fixed α, the I − C relation is insensitive to variations of the anisotropy parameter β to

O
(
4
%
)

.