bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
QTL mapping using Arabidopsis thaliana MAGIC Lines identifies candidate genes controlling adventitious root development
Authors: López-Ruiz Brenda Anabel , Banta Joshua , Salazar-Hernández Perla , Espinoza-Gutiérrez Daniela , Alfaro-Mendoza Andrea , Rosas Ulises 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The Multi-Parent Advanced Generation Inter-Cross (MAGIC) population is a powerful tool for dissecting the genetic architecture controlling natural variation in complex traits. In this work, the natural variation available in Arabidopsis thaliana MAGIC lines was evaluated by mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for primary root length (PRL), lateral root number (LRN), lateral root length (LRL), adventitious root number (ARN) and adventitious root length (ARL).
Methods and Results
We analyzed the differences in the root structure of 139 MAGIC lines by measuring PRL, LRN, LRL, ARN and ARL. Through QTL mapping, we identified new potential genes that may be responsible for these traits. Furthermore, we detected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the coding regions of candidate genes in the founder accessions. We obtained a significant region on chromosome 1 associated with ARN. This region spans 316 genes, some of which are related to auxin and gibberellin signaling and homeostasis. We identified SNPs in the coding regions of these candidate genes in the founder accessions that could contribute to natural variation in the AR of the recombinant inbred lines. Additionally, we found a novel gene encoding a Hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein family protein that displays differential SNPs in accessions with contrasting AR formation.
Conclusions
The study found that natural variation in AR number could be explained by a significant QTL on chromosome 1 associated with genes related to auxin and gibberellin signaling and homeostasis. Some founder accessions showed missense and in-frame deletions in these genes, which could explain the observed differences in AR development.
Ultrasound-assisted extraction and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from Tenebrio molitor
Authors: YANG SHENGRU , LI Xu , Zhang Hui 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

[Objective]The study aimed to extract polysaccharides from Tenebrio molitor using ultrasound-assisted extraction and assess their structural characteristics and antioxidant activity.
[Methods]Defatted Tenebrio molitor was utilized, with extraction temperature, time, ultrasonic power, and liquid-to-material ratio varied. Response surface experiments determined optimal extraction parameters, yielding 9.513% polysaccharides.
[Result] Infrared spectroscopy revealed pyranose structure with predominant C-O, C=O, and O-H functional groups. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by scavenging DPPH·, OH·, and ABTS+· radicals and Fe3+ reduction. Polysaccharide concentration positively correlated with radical scavenging abilities. Compared to Vitamin C, polysaccharides exhibited stronger scavenging of DPPH· and OH·, moderate scavenging of ABTS+·, and Fe3+ reduction, with IC50 values of 0.9625, 9.1909, and 235.69 mg/mL respectively. Notably, Fe3+ reduction peaked at 1.6 mg/mL with an absorbance of 0.38899.
[Conclusion] Tenebrio molitor polysaccharides demonstrated substantial antioxidant activity, suggesting their potential in various applications. This research provides valuable insights for leveraging Tenebrio molitor as a functional ingredient, contributing to its development and utilization.
Continuous renal replacement therapy with cytokine-adsorbing hemofilter to control resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta-related ischemia-reperfusion injury in a swine hemorrhagic shock model
Authors: Hayashi Yosuke , Izawa Yoshimitsu , Tanaka Yasutaka , Aoki Makoto , Matsumura Yosuke 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is beneficial for uncontrollable torso bleeding; however, prolonged REBOA causes ischemia-reperfusion injury. The purpose of this study is to examine the hypothesis that continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) with a cytokine-adsorbing hemofilter would improve mortality due to hemorrhagic shock with REBOA-reperfusion injury by controlling metabolic acidosis, hyperkalemia, and hypercytokinemia.
Methods: Hemorrhagic shock with 40% blood loss was induced by phlebotomy in eight female swine. CRRT was performed on four swine after 90 min of REBOA, and the remaining four swine (control group) underwent the same procedures except for CRRT. We evaluated the survival time and trends of pH, HCO3-, potassium, lactate, circulatory inflammatory cytokines, and histopathology of the intestine for 180 min after REBOA deflation.
Results: Two swine in the CRRT group and one in the control group survived; no significant difference were observed in survival rates between the groups (p=0.45). Furthermore, no significant differences in the transition of biomarkers and histopathological grades were observed between the groups. The CRRT group showed a tendency of increasing pH and HCO3-, decreasing lactate, lower elevation of potassium and cytokine levels (interleukin 6, CRRT: 1008.5 [770.4–1246.6], control; 1636.7 [1636.7–1636.7] pg/mL at t=270), and lower intestine histopathological grade (jejunum, CRRT; 1.5 [1.3–1.8], control; 4.0 [4.0–4.0], ileum, CRRT; 1.5 [1.3–1.8], control; 4.0 [4.0–4.0] at t=270) than the control group.
Conclusions: CRRT may mitigate acute-REBOA-related ischemia-reperfusion injury by controlling biomarkers. Further research is required to evaluate the impact on long-term mortality.
Network analysis on political election: populist vs social emergent behaviour
Authors: Russo Andrea , Miracula Vincenzo , Picone Antonio 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Social networks play an important role in people's daily socialization, particularly through social media platforms, which have become key channels for communication and information dissemination. The digital ecosystem does not only evolve communication on multi-network (like TV, social media, and online newspapers) but also provides the social researcher with useful data to explain social-complex dynamics. Our work focuses on cultural dynamics-reactions that occurred during the 2020 Emilia-Romagna elections'' in Italy, where a stronghold culture felt in danger of losing against the strong populism and Euro-scepticism present in digital ecosystems. We would like to show how the interaction between parts of society, during cultural and/or political shifting, can lead to or induce emerging behavior from society, creating groups that react against or improve the status quo. We developed a word-entry network based on three different levels of participation: pro, con, and neutral. We have analyzed the tweets collected (as text) with the word embedding tools, to see, the most used words (which may suggest the main topics) and the most related words among the various groups. We show how a careful analysis of groups through networks, can give important information about the current event.
The DFT study of the structural, hydrogen, electronic, mechanical, thermal, and optical properties of KXH3 (X = Ca, Sc, Ti, &amp; Ni) perovskites for H2 storage applications
Authors: Rehman Muhammad Awais , Rehman Zia Ur , Usman Muhammad , Hamad Abu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In this study, we employ density functional theory calculations to comprehensively investigate the structural, electronic, hydrogen storage capacity, mechanical, thermal, and optical properties of KXH3 (X = Ca, Sc, Ti, & Ni) hydride perovskites, unveiling their potential for H2 storage applications. The lattice parameters, calculated using the GGA-PBE functional, are found to be 4.482 Å, 4.154 Å, 3.974 Å, and 3.686 Å for KCaH3, KScH3, KTiH3, and KNiH3, respectively. Interestingly, the electronic structure analysis reveals that while KScH3, KTiH3, and KNiH3 exhibit metallic behavior, KCaH3 stands out as a semiconductor. Population analysis indicates that these compounds possess a strong potential for hydrogen storage due to their strong bonding and long bond lengths. Furthermore, the investigation of dynamic and mechanical stability suggests that the studied materials are promising candidates for experimental synthesis, as they exhibit both thermodynamic and mechanical stability. Gravimetric analysis reveals promising hydrogen storage capacities of 3.646 wt%, 3.452 wt%, 3.346 wt%, and 3.005 wt% for KCaH3, KScH3, KTiH3, and KNiH3, respectively. The calculated hydrogen desorption temperatures are 442.40 K for KCaH3, 518.68 K for KScH3, 592.47 K for KTiH3, and 614.82 K for KNiH3, indicating the suitability of these materials for hydrogen storage applications within practical operating temperature ranges.
Novelty Statement: In this study, we present a comprehensive theoretical investigation of the novel perovskite materials KXH3(X = Ca, Sc, Ti, Ni), encompassing their structural, electronic, hydrogen storage, mechanical, thermal, and optical properties. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report providing insights into these unexplored compounds, as no previous theoretical or experimental studies have been conducted on them.
Disrespect and Abuse Experienced by Mothers While Accessing Delivery Healthcare Services in Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Md Nuruzzaman , Khanam Shimlin Jahan , Islam M Mofizul 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background Disrespect and abuse (D&A) during childbirth pose significant barriers to accessing maternal healthcare services, especially in low- and middle-income countries like Bangladesh. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of D&A among mothers accessing delivery healthcare services in Bangladesh.Methods This study analyzed data collected from 891 mothers through a cross-sectional survey conducted in 12 healthcare facilities across three randomly selected districts in Bangladesh: Rajshahi, Mymensingh, and Rangpur. Disrespect and abuse (D&A) was categorized into three groups: no D&A, moderate D&A, and severe D&A and considered as the outcome variable. Explanatory variables included mothers' socio-demographic characteristics, use of antenatal healthcare services, and the types of healthcare facilities (public or private) from which delivery healthcare services were accessed. Multivariate multinomial logistic regressions were conducted to explore the association between the outcome variable and explanatory variables.Results Over half of the mothers (53%) reported experiencing moderate (33%) and severe (20%) levels of D&A. The prevalence of D&A was higher among mothers accessing services from government healthcare facilities compared to private facilities (73% vs 40%). Lower likelihoods of D&A were found among mothers with higher education levels, no formal employment, mothers residing in households in comparatively high wealth quintiles, mothers who reported a higher number of antenatal healthcare visits, mothers with rural residency, and those accessing healthcare services from private facilities.Conclusion The study underscores a high prevalence of D&A among mothers accessing delivery healthcare services in Bangladesh, especially in government healthcare facilities. Addressing structural challenges within healthcare facilities and implementing training programs for healthcare personnel focused on effective communication and the provision of dignified services for mothers during delivery healthcare services are recommended.
From Policy to Practice: A Process Evaluation of Implementing Opt-Out HIV Testing in Antenatal Clinics Across Ghana
Authors: PhD MS Isaac Amankwaa; , MPhil Sebastian Gyamfi; , Owusu Mark , Boateng Daniel , RN Fidelis Atibila; , Maude Robyn 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In 2008, Ghana adopted the WHO/UNAIDS guideline for 'opt-out' HIV testing in antenatal clinics (ANCs). Although initial concerns were expressed about healthcare providers’ (HCPs’) ability to adhere to the intervention’s delivery, mainstream research has predominantly emphasised effectiveness questions to report variable testing uptake. This process evaluation aims to uncover the contextual factors that moderate adherence to the intervention in 12 of Ghana’s antenatal clinics (ANCs). We employed Carroll's (2007) modified framework of implementation fidelity to investigate factors that moderated the implementation of the provider-initiated opt-out HIV testing policy. Moderating factors explored were complexity, context, facilitating strategies, and participant responsiveness. We conducted 28 individual interviews and 11 focus group discussions, together with unstructured non-participant observations of the ANC environment and HIV testing activities. Key informants included 4 national-level officers, 4 regional-level officers, and 12 ANC managers. HCP interviews explored the complexity and facilitation of the HIV testing process and experiences with the opt-out intervention. Pregnant women's interviews explored their experiences with the opt-out intervention. The data was analysed using the constructs of Carroll’s implementation framework. We found weak antenatal clinic infrastructure, the complex nature of the opt-out intervention, a lack of facilitation, varied participant responses and power imbalance as moderators of the opt-out intervention implementation. These moderating factors collectively hinder the adoption of a right-based approach to HIV testing.
Improvement of boron-doped graphene material as an anode candidate for sustainable energy storage based lithium batteries
Authors: Trihutomo Prihanto , Sulaiman Fahrofi , Mahardika Richo 
Published: May 2024

Lithium-ion batteries are commonly employed as energy providers for porTable electronic gadgets due to their noTable characteristics, which encompass a substantial energy storage capacity, exceptional efficiency, and lightweight design. Nonetheless, it's worth noting that current commercially available LIBs continue to confront challenges, such as comparatively lower power density and a shorter overall cycle life when compared to other significant electrochemical energy storage alternatives. This research describes the method of making graphene derived from graphite and making anodes used in lithium-ion battery applications. The process of making graphene is that graphite is weighed as much as 7 grams, then mixed into a solution of H2SO4 and H3PO4 in a ratio (9:1) of 840 mL H2SO4 and 93.8 mL H3PO4. The next process is stirring using magnetic stirrer for 6 hours at 1000 rpm and added slowly KMnO4 42 grams to solution. The resulting solution was then mixed using ice cubes added with H2O2 (2800 mL and 21 mL), then the solution was filtrated using filter paper. The next process is washing, the solution that has been filtered is then washed using deionized water (1400 mL), ethanol (1400 mL). The sample was then dried by allowing it to stand at room temperature for 12 hours. After that, the process of making battery anodes by mixing 5 grams of graphene with boron acid solutions (0.5 M and 1 M) as much as 100 ml and then given hydrothermal treatment to the sample. Anodes of GO, BrGO 0.5 M, BrGO 1 M has the potential to enhance the perform of lithium-ion batteries. In the FTIR test results, it is known that B-C bond is found at a peak of 1222 cm-1 and the B-O bond at a peak of 1454 cm-1. XRD testing shows the crystal size of GO is 4.55 nm, BrGO 0.5 is 3.89 nm, and BrGO 1 shows a sample size of 3.19 nm
A critical review on optimization and implementation of green-grey infrastructures for sustainable urban stormwater management
Authors: Tansar Husnain , Li Fei , Zheng Feifei , Duan Huan-Feng 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Green-grey infrastructures' implementation has progressed significantly in cities around the globe for sustainable stormwater management. This review study conducted on green-grey infrastructures' optimization represented recent research trends, existing research status, possible study gaps, and future research directions and recommendations needed for further improvements. The findings show that the research on green-grey infrastructures has got significant attention recently (after 2012) because of accessibility to computational resources and the development of hydrological-hydraulic models and optimization algorithms. Furthermore, research on green-grey infrastructures is mostly conducted in ten countries including China, USA and Iran ranked in the first three places, respectively, delivering their advantages to other countries with the essential awareness and knowledge. Most previous studies considered particular quantitative and qualitative optimization objectives and these studies were conducted at smaller retrofitting scales, therefore, future studies need to expand their scope towards socio-ecological objectives with consideration of larger study areas or multi-stage planning, designing, and implementation. Moreover, future research is recommended to consider stakeholders’ participation in preliminary planning and designing stages for the successful implementation of sustainable stormwater management approaches. Lastly, the surrogate-based optimization approaches instead of traditional optimization methods can overcome the burden of computational time and resources in future.
Graphical User Interface for Handwritten Mathematical Expression Employing RNN-based Encoder-decoder Model
Authors: Jain Shruti , Bharti Monika , Tripathi Samanvaya 
Published: May 2024

Aim:
Scientific, technical, and educational research domains all heavily rely on
handwritten mathematical expressions. The extensive use of online handwritten mathematical
expression recognition is a consequence of the availability of strong computational touchscreen
appliances, such as the recent development of deep neural networks as superior sequence
recognition models.

Background:
Further investigation and enhancement of these technologies are vital to tackle
the contemporary obstacles presented by the widespread adoption of remote learning and work
arrangements as a result of the global health crisis.

Objective:
Handwritten document processing has gained more attention in the last ten years
due to notable developments in deep neural network-based computer vision models and sequence
recognition, as well as the widespread proliferation of touch and pen-enabled
smartphones and tablets. It comes naturally to people to write by hand in daily interactions.

Method:
In this patent article, authors implemented Hand written expressions using RNNbased
encoder for the CROHME dataset. Later, the proposed model was validated using CNNbased
encoder and End-to-end encoder decoder techniques. The proposed model is also validated
on other datasets.

Results:
The RNN-based encoder model yields 82.78%, while the CNN-based encoder model
and end-to-end encoder-decoder technique yield 81.38% and 80.73%, respectively.

Conclusion:
1.6% accuracy improvement was attained over CNN-based encoder while 2.4%
accuracy improvement over end-to-end encoder-decoder. CROHME dataset 2019 version results
in better accuracy than other datasets.
KONVERSI PEMANFAATAN PUPUK ORGANIK UNTUK TANAMAN DI PEKON GIHAM SUKAMAJU, KECAMATAN SEKINCAU, LAMPUNG BARAT
Authors: Hadi Muhammad Syamsoel , Pramono Eko , Kamal Muhammad , Setiawan Kukuh , Agustiansyah Agustiansyah , Ardian Ardian 
Published: May 2024

Abstrak: Pada umumnya petani di daerah Pekon Giham Sukamaju, Kecamatan Sekincau, Lampung Barat belum banyak mengetahui berapa banyak unsur hara yang disuplai ke dalam tanah akibat pemberian pupuk organik. Selain itu aplikasi pupuk organik di daerah tersebut belum merupakan suatu kegiatan yang biasa dilakukan. Di lain pihak, potensi sumberdaya bahan pembuatan pupuk organik cukup tersedia. Kegiatan penyuluhan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan petani dalam pemahaman terhadap berapa banyak sebetulnya pupuk organik yang dibutuhkan yang harus disuplai ke pertanaman agar dapat setara dengan pemberian pupuk anorganik yang direkomendasikan. Hasil penyuluhan menunjukkan bahwa petani sangat antusias dalam menyerap materi yang disampaikan. Dengan perhitungan yang relatif cukup sederhana para petani yang diwakili oleh para tokoh yang cukup berpendidikan semua penjelasan dapat dimengerti dengan baik.
CONTENIDO DE ÁCIDOS GRASOS EN LA CARNE DE CABRA SANTANDEREANA SEGÚN LA EDAD AL SACRIFICIO
Authors: Acevedo Cárdenas Ruth Catalina , Durán Osorio Daniel Salvador , Trujillo Navarro Yanine Yubisay , Vargas Bayona Javier Enrique 
Published: May 2024

La cabra Santandereana es reconocida y aceptada como raza pura y patrimonio genético colombiano. Su sistema de producción está basado en el libre pastoreo. La composición fisicoquímica y nutricional de su carne se conoce muy poco. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el contenido total de ácidos grasos en la carne de cabra Santandereana según la edad al sacrificio. Para ello, de nueve canales provenientes de machos enteros 4; 8 y 14 meses de edad, se obtuvieron los músculos Longissimus dorsi, Bicep femoris y Bicep brachi de la media canal izquierda. Estos fueron empacados al vacío y almacenados en refrigeración por 12 horas hasta su análisis. Fueron determinadas las características fisicoquímicas y el contenido de total de ácidos grasos. El contenido de proteína aumenta con la edad de sacrificio, obteniéndose valores superiores al 19,5%. El contenido de grasa decrece con la edad de sacrificio registrándose valores menores al 3,0%. Por otra parte, el contenido de humedad no fue afectado significativamente por la edad. Los músculos Bicep femoris, Bicep brachi y Longissimus dorsi obtenidos de canales de 4 meses presentan mayores contenidos en ácidos grasos saturados (564,0; 347,6 y 250,8 mg/100 g de muestra), en comparación con las otras edades, seguidos por los ácidos grasos insaturados y poliinsaturados respectivamente. El incremento de la edad al sacrificio reduce significativamente el contenido de grasa de la carne y por ende el contenido de ácidos grasos.
DETERMINASI STRUKTUR STOK IKAN KEMBUNG LELAKI MENGGUNAKAN METODE PCR-RFLP DI WPP-NRI 711, 572, DAN 573
Authors: Meliyana Dinda Febta , Mashar Ali , Zairion Zairion 
Published: May 2024

Ikan kembung lelaki (Rastrelliger kanagurta) memiliki nilai ekonomis penting bagi nelayan. Tekanan eksploitasi yang tinggi memengaruhi keberadaan stok dan keseimbangan ikan tersebut di alam. Efektivitas pengelolaan perikanan perlu dilakukan, diantaranya melalui kajian struktur stok. Kajian struktur stok dengan analisis genetik dapat menunjukkan status genetik stok dan aliran gen pada setiap stok dalam suatu populasi. Informasi ini dapat digunakan sebagai dasar pengelolaan sumberdaya perikanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keragaman dan struktur genetik, serta struktur stok ikan kembung lelaki di WPP-NRI 711, 572, dan 573 menggunakan pendekatan molekuler. Isolasi dan ekstraksi DNA menghasilkan 20 DNA total per-lokasi (enam lokasi), dan diamplifikasi dengan metode PCR. Terdapat 109 dari 120 sampel hasil PCR yang dilanjutkan ke tahap RFLP. Hasil dari proses pemotongan band tunggal oleh enzim restriksi (RFLP) diidentifikasi menggunakan program Popgene32. Enzim yang mampu menunjukkan polimorfisme yaitu AluI dan HaeIII. Stok ikan kembung lelaki di WPP-NRI 711, 572, dan 573 memiliki kedekatan secara genetik, sehingga mengindikasikan sebagai unit stok tunggal. Namun, jarak genetik yang visualisasikan dengan dendrogram menunjukkan stok membentuk dua clade yang terpisah. Dalam pengelolaannya lebih baik menjadi unit manajemen terpisah untuk kepentingan statistik.