bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The selective dynamical downscaling method for extreme‐wind atlases
Authors: Larsén Xiaoli Guo , Badger Jake , Hahmann Andrea N. , Mortensen Niels G. 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACTA selective dynamical downscaling method is developed to obtain extreme‐wind atlases for large areas. The method is general, efficient and flexible. The method consists of three steps: (i) identifying storm episodes for a particular area, (ii) downscaling of the storms using mesoscale modelling and (iii) post‐processing. The post‐processing generalizes the winds from the mesoscale modelling to standard conditions, i.e. 10‐m height over a homogeneous surface with roughness length of 5 cm. The generalized winds are then used to calculate the 50‐year wind using the annual maximum method for each mesoscale grid point. The generalization of the mesoscale winds through the post‐processing provides a framework for data validation and for applying further the mesoscale extreme winds at specific places using microscale modelling. The results are compared with measurements from two areas with different types of extreme‐wind climates, and the results are promising. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impaired riboflavin transport due to missense mutations in SLC52A2 causes Brown‐Vialetto‐Van Laere syndrome
Authors: Haack Tobias B. , Makowski Christine , Yao Yoshiaki , Graf Elisabeth , Hempel Maja , Wieland Thomas , Tauer Ulrike , Ahting Uwe , Mayr Johannes A. , Freisinger Peter , Yoshimatsu Hiroki , Inui Ken , Strom Tim M. , Meitinger Thomas , Yonezawa Atsushi , Prokisch Holger 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBrown‐Vialetto‐Van Laere syndrome (BVVLS [MIM 211530]) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by infancy onset sensorineural deafness and ponto‐bulbar palsy. Mutations in SLC52A3 (formerly C20orf54), coding for riboflavin transporter 2 (hRFT2), have been identified as the molecular genetic correlate in several individuals with BVVLS. Exome sequencing of just one single case revealed that compound heterozygosity for two pathogenic mutations in the SLC52A2 gene coding for riboflavin transporter 3 (hRFT3), another member of the riboflavin transporter family, is also associated with BVVLS. Overexpression studies confirmed that the gene products of both mutant alleles have reduced riboflavin transport activities. While mutations in SLC52A3 cause decreased plasma riboflavin levels, concordant with a role of SLC52A3 in riboflavin uptake from food, the SLC52A2‐mutant individual had normal plasma riboflavin concentrations, a finding in line with a postulated function of SLC52A2 in riboflavin uptake from blood into target cells. Our results contribute to the understanding of human riboflavin metabolism and underscore its role in the pathogenesis of BVVLS, thereby providing a rational basis for a high‐dose riboflavin treatment.
A Multi‐Case Report of the Pathways To and Through Genetic Testing and Cancer Risk Management forBRCAMutation‐Positive Women Aged 18–25
Authors: Hoskins Lindsey M. , Werner‐Lin Allison 
Published: August 2012

AbstractMuch of the extant literature addressing the psychosocial aspects ofBRCA1/2mutation testing and risk management aggregates mutation carriers of all ages in study recruitment, data analysis, and interpretation. This analytic strategy does not adequately address the needs of the youngest genetic testing consumers,i.e., women aged 18–25. Despite low absolute cancer risk estimates before age 30,BRCA1/2mutation‐positive women aged 18–25 feel vulnerable to a cancer diagnosis but find themselves in a management quandary because the clinical utility of screeningandprevention options are not yet well defined for such young carriers. We present three cases, selected from a larger study of 32BRCA1/2mutation‐positive women who completed or considered genetic testing before age 25, to demonstrate the unique developmental, relational and temporal influences, as well as the challenges, experienced by very youngBRCAmutation‐positive women as they complete genetic testing and initiate cancer risk management. The first case describes the maturation of a young woman whose family participated in a national cancer registry. The second addresses the experiences and expectations of a young woman who completed genetic testing after learning that her unaffected father was a mutation carrier. The third case highlights the experiences of a young woman parentally bereaved in childhood, who presented for genetic counseling and testing due to intense family pressure. Together, these cases suggest thatBRCA1/2‐positive women aged 18–25 are challenged to reconcile their burgeoning independence from their families with risk‐related support needs. Loved ones acting in ways meant to care for these young women may inadvertently apply pressure, convoluting family support dynamics and autonomous decision‐making. Ongoing support from competent healthcare professionals will enable these young women to remain informed and receive objective counsel about their risk‐management decisions.
Is Biology Destiny? Birth Weight and Differential Parental Treatment
Authors: Hsin Amy 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Time diaries of sibling pairs from the PSID-CDS are used to determine whether maternal time investments compensate for or reinforce birth-weight differences among children. The findings demonstrate that the direction and degree of differential treatment vary by mother’s education. Less-educated mothers devote more total time and more educationally oriented time to heavier-birth-weight children, whereas better-educated mothers devote more total and more educationally oriented time to lower-birth-weight children. The compensating effects observed among highly educated mothers are substantially larger than the reinforcing effects among the least-educated mothers. The findings show that families redistribute resources in ways that both compensate for and exacerbate early-life disadvantages.
Holocene aeolian sand mobilization, vegetation history and human impact on the stabilized sand dune area of the southern Nyírség, Hungary
Authors: Kiss Tímea , Sipos György , Mauz Barbara , Mezősi Gábor 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAlmost 20% of the territory of Hungary is covered by stabilized dunes formed during the Pleistocene. With the climate amelioration during the early Holocene the aeolian activity ceased. However, various environmental and anthropogenic factors could have reactivated the aeolian processes. Today, there is an increasing climatic stress on the dune fields of the Carpathian Basin, which is coupled with inadequate land use. It is therefore necessary to determine the timing and circumstances of sand mobilization during the Holocene. The site of the present study is located in a dune–interdune system on the southern part of the Nyírség alluvial fan, where periods of Holocene aeolian activity and environmental change were investigated using palynological and sedimentological methods, optically stimulated luminescence and radiocarbon dating. The data achieved show climate-driven Boreal aeolian activity at approximately 8.2 ka, and also demonstrate for the first time that during the Atlantic Phase (6.4 and 5.3 ka), in spite of the relatively humid climate and dense vegetation, aeolian activity has taken place, induced probably by agricultural practices. Following Subboreal morphological stability, aeolian activity occurred several times in the Subatlantic Phase (2.4–2.2, 1.2–0.8 and 0.4–0.1 ka) as a result of vegetation changes and human activity.
Model-based design of transverse wall oscillations for turbulent drag reduction
Authors: Moarref Rashad , Jovanović Mihailo R. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractOver the last two decades, both experiments and simulations have demonstrated that transverse wall oscillations with properly selected amplitude and frequency can reduce turbulent drag by as much as $40\hspace{0.167em} \% $. In this paper, we develop a model-based approach for designing oscillations that suppress turbulence in a channel flow. We utilize eddy-viscosity-enhanced linearization of the turbulent flow with control in conjunction with turbulence modelling to determine skin-friction drag in a simulation-free manner. The Boussinesq eddy viscosity hypothesis is used to quantify the effect of fluctuations on the mean velocity in flow subject to control. In contrast to the traditional approach that relies on numerical simulations, we determine the turbulent viscosity from the second-order statistics of the linearized model driven by white-in-time stochastic forcing. The spatial power spectrum of the forcing is selected to ensure that the linearized model for uncontrolled flow reproduces the turbulent energy spectrum. The resulting correction to the turbulent mean velocity induced by small-amplitude wall movements is then used to identify the optimal frequency of drag-reducing oscillations. In addition, the control net efficiency and the turbulent flow structures that we obtain agree well with the results of numerical simulations and experiments. This demonstrates the predictive power of our model-based approach to controlling turbulent flows and is expected to pave the way for successful flow control at higher Reynolds numbers than currently possible.
The Inquisition, Professing Jews, and Christian Images in Seventeenth-Century Modena
Authors: Aron-Beller Katherine 
Published: August 2012

In seventeenth-century Italy, Christian relics and images were scattered through urban spaces, not only because the faithful were expected to acknowledge and touch them, but because their moving through city streets in processions celebratedcommunitas, the sense of belonging that was so much part of early modern civic existence.The Inquisitorial archive in Modena holds at least twelveprocessiagainst professing Jews (who lived for the most part in the city capital or in smaller Jewish communities scattered through the duchy) for the offence of desecrating Christian images during its most active period of prosecution between 1598 and 1640. Denunciations accused Jews of removing crucifixes from walls, stoning or tampering Christian statues and religious paintings, and failing to show the necessary respect to images carried through the streets. This paper explores the frequency of the image desecration charges against Jews in early modern Italy and in particular the duchy of Modena, the pivotal impact of internal Christian processes about their own images and whether these objects did in fact have inherent or stable meanings for Jews at this time.
The Black Virgin: Santa Efigenia, Popular Religion, and the African Diaspora in Peru
Authors: Sánchez Roberto 
Published: August 2012

This article sketches an archeology of the apocryphal myth of Santa Efigenia, the Ethiopian virgin saint celebrated in the southern coastal of valley of Cañete, Peru. The history of Santa Efigenia is used to analyze the invention of popular myths and processions in a rural community in contrast to the cornerstone of popular national religiosity in Peru, the Lord of the Miracles (Señor de los Milagros). The popular worship and diffusion of these devotions and processions intersect with the contested formation of national identity in early and late twentieth century Peru. Moreover, they speak to how traditional and popular forms of religious worship are valued and devalued.The African diaspora in Peru and the Pacific coast of South America has been difficult to historicize because of the scant cultural evidence for an Afro-Andean nostalgia or separation from an African homeland. The rediscovery and devotion of Santa Efigenia and her emergent popularity in Peru and larger presence in Brazil and Cuba is compelling evidence that Afro-Peruvians have a direct connection with African culture and history and the early religious history of Catholic saints and virgins.
THE SYMMETRIC GENUS OF 2-GROUPS
Authors: MAY COY L. , ZIMMERMAN JAY 
Published: August 2012

AbstractLet G be a finite group. The symmetric genus σ(G) is the minimum genus of any Riemann surface on which G acts faithfully. We show that if G is a group of order 2m that has symmetric genus congruent to 3 (mod 4), then either G has exponent 2m−3 and a dihedral subgroup of index 4 or else the exponent of G is 2m−2. We then prove that there are at most 52 isomorphism types of these 2-groups; this bound is independent of the size of the 2-group G. A consequence of this bound is that almost all positive integers that are the symmetric genus of a 2-group are congruent to 1 (mod 4).
EMBEDDING MODULES OF FINITE HOMOLOGICAL DIMENSION
Authors: SATHER-WAGSTAFF SEAN 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThis paper builds on work of Hochster and Yao that provides nice embeddings for finitely generated modules of finite G-dimension, finite projective dimension or locally finite injective dimension. We extend these results by providing similar embeddings in the relative setting, that is, for certain modules of finite GC-dimension, finiteC-projective dimension, locally finiteC-injective dimension or locally finiteC-injective dimension whereCis a semidualizing module. Along the way, we extend some results for modules of finite homological dimension to modules of locally finite homological dimension in the relative setting.
MINOR ARC MOMENTS OF WEYL SUMS
Authors: HARVEY M. P. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe obtain an improved bound for the 2k-th moment of a degree k Weyl sum, restricted to a set of minor arcs, when k is small. We then present some applications of this bound to some Diophantine problems, including a case of the Waring–Goldbach problem, and a particular family of Diophantine equations defined as the sum of a norm form and a diagonal form.
RICCI SOLITONS AND CONTACT METRIC MANIFOLDS
Authors: GHOSH AMALENDU 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe study on a contact metric manifold M2n+1(ϕ, ξ, η, g) such that g is a Ricci soliton with potential vector field V collinear with ξ at each point under different curvature conditions: (i) M is of pointwise constant ξ-sectional curvature, (ii) M is conformally flat.
THE CO-STABILITY MANIFOLD OF A TRIANGULATED CATEGORY
Authors: JØRGENSEN PETER , PAUKSZTELLO DAVID 
Published: August 2012

AbstractStability conditions on triangulated categories were introduced by Bridgeland as a ‘continuous’ generalisation of t-structures. The set of locally-finite stability conditions on a triangulated category is a manifold that has been studied intensively. However, there are mainstream triangulated categories whose stability manifold is the empty set. One example is Dc(k[X]/(X2)), the compact derived category of the dual numbers over an algebraically closed field k. This is one of the motivations in this paper for introducing co-stability conditions as a ‘continuous’ generalisation of co-t-structures. Our main result is that the set of nice co-stability conditions on a triangulated category is a manifold. In particular, we show that the co-stability manifold of Dc(k[X]/(X2)) is ℂ.
ON CRYSTAL OPERATORS IN LUSZTIG'S PARAMETRIZATIONS AND STRING CONE DEFINING INEQUALITIES
Authors: ZELIKSON SHMUEL 
Published: August 2012

AbstractLet w0 be a reduced expression for the longest element of the Weyl group, adapted to a quiver of type An. We compare Lusztig's and Kashiwara's (string) parametrizations on canonical basis associated with w0. Crystal operators act in a finite number of patterns in Lusztig's parametrization, which may be seen as vectors. We show that this set gives the system of defining inequalities of the string cone constructed by Gleizer and Postnikov (O. Gleizer and A Postnikov, Littlewood–Richardson coefficients via Yang–Baxter equation, IMRN14 (2000) 741–774). We use combinatorics of the Auslander–Reiten quivers, and as a by-product we get an alternative enumeration of a set of inequalities defining the string cone based on hammocks.
ON CERTAIN APPLICATIONS OF THE KHUKHRO–MAKARENKO THEOREM
Authors: ARIKAN AHMET , SMITH HOWARD , TRABELSI NADIR 
Published: August 2012

AbstractSome recent results of Khukhro and Makarenko on the existence of characteristic -subgroups of finite index in a group G, for certain varieties , are used to obtain generalisations of some well-known results in the literature pertaining to groups G, in which all proper subgroups satisfy some condition or other related to the property ‘soluble-by-finite’. In addition, a partial generalisation is obtained for the aforementioned results on the existence of characteristic subgroups.
ON A PAIRING BETWEEN SYMMETRIC POWER MODULES
Authors: JARVIS FRAZER 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe prove, using purely combinatorial methods, that there is a pairing

\begin{linenomath}
$$\Sym^a\Q^2\times\Sym^a\Q^2\lra\Q$$
\end{linenomath}

with an M2(ℚ)-equivariance property.
The effect of cultivar on the changes in protein quality during wilting and ensiling of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.)
Authors: KRAWUTSCHKE M. , WEIHER N. , THAYSEN J. , LOGES R. , TAUBE F. , GIERUS M. 
Published: August 2012

SUMMARYRed clover (Trifolium pratense L.) silage usually contains lower contents of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) compared with other forage legumes. This is often attributed to the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity in red clover, although in most field studies the PPO activity was not measured. Therefore, a laboratory ensiling experiment with three red clover cultivars and one white clover cultivar as control grown in two management systems (with and without mechanical stress) over 2 consecutive years was conducted. Fresh, wilted and ensiled clover herbage was sampled at four cutting dates per year to determine the crude protein (CP) fractions according to the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System. The specific PPO activity was measured photometrically in fresh clover leaves. The content of CP fraction A (NPN) increased from fresh over wilted to ensiled clover herbage at the expense of the content of CP fraction B (true protein), irrespective of species, cultivar and year. The most important source of variation for all CP fractions and the calculated rumen-undegradable protein contents was generally the herbage condition, except for CP fraction C (unavailable protein). White clover silage consisted of higher contents of CP fraction A and lower contents of CP fraction B3 in CP compared with red clover silage. As a result, the calculated rumen-undegradable protein content of white clover silage was lower than that of all red clover cultivars. In conclusion, the extent of proteolysis during ensiling among the silages made from the herbage of different red clover cultivars was primarily influenced by the stage of maturity at harvesting and the degree of wilting at ensiling. The variation in specific PPO activity could not be related to the extent of proteolysis.
CHANGES IN WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE AND BODY MASS INDEX IN THE US CARDIA COHORT: FIXED-EFFECTS ASSOCIATIONS WITH SELF-REPORTED EXPERIENCES OF RACIAL/ETHNIC DISCRIMINATION
Authors: CUNNINGHAM TIMOTHY J. , BERKMAN LISA F. , KAWACHI ICHIRO , JACOBS DAVID R. , SEEMAN TERESA E. , KIEFE CATARINA I. , GORTMAKER STEVEN L. 
Published: August 2012

SummaryPrior studies examining the association between self-reported experiences of racial/ethnic discrimination and obesity have had mixed results and primarily been cross-sectional. This study tests the hypothesis that an increase in self-reported experiences of racial/ethnic discrimination predicts gains in waist circumference and body mass index in Black and White women and men over eight years. In race/ethnicity- and gender-stratified models, this study examined whether change in self-reported experiences of racial/ethnic discrimination predicts changes in waist circumference and body mass index over time using a fixed-effects regression approach in SAS statistical software, providing control for both measured and unmeasured time-invariant covariates. Between 1992–93 and 2000–01, self-reported experiences of racial/ethnic discrimination decreased among 843 Black women (75% to 73%), 601 Black men (80% to 77%), 893 White women (30% to 23%) and 856 White men (28% to 23%). In fixed-effects regression models, controlling for all time-invariant covariates, social desirability bias, and changes in education and parity (women only) over time, an increase in self-reported experiences of racial/ethnic discrimination over time was significantly associated with an increase in waist circumference (β=1.09, 95% CI: 0.00–2.19, p=0.05) and an increase in body mass index (β=0.67, 95% CI: 0.19–1.16, p=0.007) among Black women. No associations were observed among Black men and White women and men. These findings suggest that an increase in self-reported experiences of racial/ethnic discrimination may be associated with increases in waist circumference and body mass index among Black women over time.
Petitioning the Sultan in Ottoman Egypt
Authors: Baldwin James E. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThis article examines the role of petitions to the Sultan concerning private disputes in the legal system of Ottoman Egypt during the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. Previous studies have seen petitioning as a means for subjects to complain about abuses carried out by Ottoman officials: few scholars have engaged with the many petitions involving private disputes between subjects. Based on both original petitions and Ottoman bureaucratic records, this article consists of two parts and an appendix. Part 1 describes the petitioning process, including the procedure followed by the imperial palace when handling petitions. Part 2 analyses the various ways in which sending a petition could affect the outcome of a dispute. The appendix features a reproduction and transcription of a petition which has been annotated by several palace officials, illustrating its progress through the palace bureaucracy.
Volunteering in retirement migration: meanings and functions of charitable activities for older British residents in Spain
Authors: HAAS HEIKO 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACTVolunteering is a ubiquitous and distinct feature of the British retired community in Spain, and for many older migrants volunteering constitutes a significant part of their post-retirement life abroad. Especially in the management and organisation of health and age-related problems voluntary organisations have come to play a crucial role not only for the British community but also for the Spanish host society and public health-care system. Furthermore, volunteering represents a valuable sphere of activity offering personal benefits for those who are actively engaged. Based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in a charity organisation in the province of Alicante on the northern Costa Blanca, this paper examines the extensive functions that volunteering and charitable activities can offer British older migrants. The implementation of voluntary work within the specific context of retirement migration is identified as a multi-functional individual and societal resource. Volunteering for the retirees is described as a true means of adaptation to a new life context, and as a highly reflexive strategy of risk minimisation and self-realisation. This implies individual benefits and opens up possibilities of active ageing. Finally, volunteering will be analysed as a performative expression of transmigrants' cultural bifocality, reflecting both a high level of commitment to Spain as well as a specific feature of British community spirit and traditionalism.