bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Is the Black Hole Spin in Cyg X-1?
Authors: Zdziarski Andrzej A. , Chand Swadesh , Banerjee Srimanta , Szanecki Michał , Janiuk Agnieszka , Lubiński Piotr , Niedźwiecki Andrzej , Dewangan Gulab , Misra Ranjeev 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We perform a detailed study of the black hole spin of Cyg X-1, using accurate broadband X-ray data obtained in the soft spectral state by simultaneous NICER and NuSTAR observations, supplemented at high energies by INTEGRAL data. We use the relativistic disk model kerrbb together with different models of the Comptonization high-energy tail and the relativistically broadened reflection features. Unlike most previous studies, we tie the spin parameters of the disk and relativistic broadening models, thus combining the continuum and reflection methods of spin determination. We also consider a likely increase of the disk color correction due to a partial support of the disk by large-scale magnetic fields. We find that such models yield a spin parameter of

a

*

=

0.87

−
0.03

+
0.04

if the disk inclination is allowed to be free, with

i
=
39

°

−
1

+
1

. Assuming i = 27.°5, as determined by optical studies of the binary, worsens the fit but leads to similar values of the spin,

a

*

=

0.90

−
0.01

+
0.01

. In addition, we consider the presence of a warm Comptonization layer on top of the disk, motivated by successful modeling of soft X-ray excesses in other sources with such a model. This dramatically lowers the spin, to a
* ≲ 0.1, consistent with the spin measurements from black hole mergers. On the other hand, if the natal spin of Cyg X-1 was low but now a
* ≈ 0.9, a period of effective supercritical accretion had to take place in the past. Such accretion could be facilitated by photon advection, as proposed for ultraluminous X-ray sources.
Discovery of the First Antiglitch Event in the Rotation-powered Pulsar PSR B0540-69
Authors: Tuo Youli , Serim Muhammed Miraç , Antonelli Marco , Ducci Lorenzo , Vahdat Armin , Ge Mingyu , Santangelo Andrea , Xie Fei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Using data from the Neutron star Interior Composition ExploreR observatory, we identified a permanent spin frequency decrease of Δν = −(1.04 ± 0.07) × 10−7 Hz around MJD 60132 in the rotation-powered pulsar PSR B0540-69, which exhibits a periodic signal at a frequency of ν ∼ 19.6 Hz. This points to an antiglitch event, a sudden decrease of the pulsar’s rotational frequency without any major alteration in the pulse profile or any significant increase of the pulsed flux. Additionally, no burst activity was observed in association with the antiglitch. To date, observations of the few known antiglitches have been made in magnetars or accreting pulsars. This is the first antiglitch detected in a rotation-powered pulsar. Given its radiatively quiet nature, this antiglitch is possibly of internal origin. Therefore, we tentatively frame this event within a proposed mechanism for antiglitches where the partial “evaporation” of the superfluid component leads to an increase in the normal component’s moment of inertia and a decrease in the superfluid one.
Determination of Activity Concentration and Radiological Risks from Gold Mine Tailings around Ilahun-Ijesa in Obokun Local Government, Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Bamidele L. , Edun A. O. 
Published: May 2024

In this study, the activity concentrations and radiological risks associated with exposure to NORMS in soils around the gold mine tailings in Ilahun – Ijesa, Obokun Local Government, Osun State, Nigeria was evaluated. A Sodium Iodide (NaI) gamma spectroscopy was used to determine the activity concentrations of the natural radio nuclides in soil samples that were collected from the gold mine tailings. The mean activity concentration for 238 U, 232 Th and 40K were 14.50±2.40, 10.45±3.20 and 332.70±6.10 Bqkg-1 respectively. The average absorbed dose was calculated to be 26.4 nGy/h and the corresponding average annual effective dose was found to be 0.0031 mSv, which is less than the total annual effective dose of 1 mSv recommended by ICRP for public exposure control. Radiological hazard parameters were evaluated from activity concentrations and the average values were found to be lower than recommended safety limits.
Morphometric Characteristics of the Lower Orashi River, Niger Delta Region, Nigeria
Authors: Bisong A. E. , Oku H. B. , Willabo M. , Wodu P. D. , Wike P. N. , Okara E. S. 
Published: May 2024

The study examined the spatial analysis of the morphometric characteristics of the Lower Orashi River, Niger Delta Region, Nigeria. The river course was segmented into 30 equal distances of 4.8m from each other and at each point, the morphometric parameters like width, depth, and flow velocity. The discharge was measured from these parameters. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed for data analysis while results are presented using tables and graphs. Results showed that width of the river ranged from 77.90m to 2788.00m with the mean width of 318.83m. The depth ranged from 2.10 to 7.60m with the mean depth recording 4.14m as it was higher at the upper section of the river while it becomes lower as it is entering the Atlantic Ocean. Furthermore, width was significantly correlated with the depth (r= -0.556, p<0.05), cross sectional area (r= 0.989, p<0.05) and discharge (r= 0.987, p<0.05). Also, elevation was significantly correlated with cross sectional area (r= -0.506, p<0.05) and discharge (r = -0.511, p<0.05). More importantly, the cross sectional area was correlated with discharge (r=0.995, p<0.05). The study concluded that there is significant variation existing in the morphometric parameters namely width, elevation, cross sectional area and discharge among the segments along Orashi River. The study therefore recommended that the water course should be reduced of human activities to reduce the rate of soil loss or discharge and to boost the river floor with adequate morphological property.
Contributory Pension Scheme and Performance of Employee of Unity Schools in South East Nigeria (2005-2019)
Authors: Igbokwe Igbokwe Chukwuma , Fredrick Eze , Maximus Eneh 
Published: May 2024

This paper critically examines the implementation of the contributory pension scheme in Unity Schools in the south east of Nigeria. The specific objectives were: to determine the extent of implementation of the contributory pension scheme; how it has helped in motivating staff and the challenges confronting the implementation of the scheme in Unity Schools in the South East. Population of the study was 1,091 based on the nominal rolls of the five schools in Enugu and Anambra States. The Sample Size of 293 was determined using the Taro Yamane’s statistical formula of 1964. Three hypotheses were formulated and tested using t-test statistics. Findings of the study revealed that: Contributory Pension Scheme has been fully implemented in Unity Schools; Contributory Pension Scheme has no significant effect on the motivation of workers for efficiency in the discharge of their duties and that Federal Government inconsistency in prompt remittance of its share of the contributions and it’s borrowing from the fund for infrastructural development among others constitute challenges to the implementation of the scheme. Based on the findings, the study recommended that: the Pension Reform Act be further amended to include the payment of gratuity; increase employers contributions from ten percent (10%) to fifteen percent (l5%), and the removal of the 16years limit on pension. The Contributory Pension Scheme is a welcome idea which when properly implemented will eradicate the pensioners’ harsh lives thereby making their dream a reality.
Modelling of electromagnetic wave propagation at free space-human skin interface
Authors: Biowei G. , Adekola S.A. , Benjamin A.K. , Amusa K.A. 
Published: May 2024

The proliferation of the ambient environment with many wireless communication infrastructures has constituted a source of concern, at least from health point of view. Hence, there is a need for the investigation of electromagnetic wave interaction with human tissue. This paper models electromagnetic wave propagation at the free-space-human tissue interface, in an attempt to understand how electromagnetic waves interact with the human skin. Maxwell’s equations were used to derive the governing equations of propagating electromagnetic waves in free space while the solution of the boundary-value problem arising from the incident electromagnetic wave at the free space-human tissue interface was found through the use of appropriate boundary conditions. The solution led to the emergence of four Fresnel equations, a pair each for perpendicular and parallel polarizations of the incident wave, at the boundary. Through the use of the Fresnel equations obtained, components of the incident electromagnetic wave power at the boundary can be quantified. Typical profiles of the normalized reflected and absorbed powers at the free space-human skin interface at 28, 60, and 73 GHz were computed, using measured values of permittivity of human tissue. It is found that the total absorption of the power of the incident wave by the human skin occurs when the angle of incidence is between 690 and 770 for the three frequencies used. This is irrespective of the polarization of the incident wave. Information on such distinct angles of incidence for total absorption of power does not appear to exist in the literature as they represent new, previously unreported facts in the existing body of research. Furthermore, computed profiles of reflected power versus incidence angle displayed here, for perpendicular polarization, demonstrate strong alignments with established literature, thus reinforcing the credibility of the results presented in this paper.
Energy sources for poultry egg incubators’ efficiency and hatchability
Authors: Okonkwo W.I. , Ojike O. , Ezenne G. , Nwoke O.A. , Ohagwu C.J. 
Published: May 2024

Artificial incubation is needed to multiply the chicken yield especially in the upcoming economies where the provision falls short of its demand. Heat is the major factor among the indispensable requirements of successful egg incubation. Hence, the main focus of this work is to identify the sources of energy used in poultry egg incubations and to determine the hatchability rate of the poultry egg incubators based on energy source used. The method of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was used. Series of eligibility/exclusion criteria were applied: only journal articles, peer reviewed conference papers and government publications were selected; articles in English publications were chosen as well. Only papers published from April, 2022 downwards were covered. The study found that sources of energy for egg incubation are categorized into grid supply electricity, solar system, fossil fuel, biogas and thermochemical materials. From the reviewed articles, 50% identified grid-supplied electricity as energy source for poultry egg incubation and hatchability ranges from 80.9% - 98.39%. However, due to erratic nature of electricity supply and non-availability in rural areas especially in developing nations, the study recommends increased research interest on other energy sources to improve their hatchability.
An account of the second edition of the Frognet conference
Authors: Boissonneau Thomas , Maisonobe Marion 
Published: May 2024

This account reviews the presentations made at the second Frognet conference, a French-speaking conference on graphs and social net- works. The conference was held in Montpellier on 6 and 7 April 2023. We detail the main themes addressed, the major sociometric surveys used, and the diversity of methodological approaches, sources and issues represented at the conference.
Ce compte rendu revient sur les présentations de la deuxième conférence Frognet : conférence francophone sur les graphes et les réseaux sociaux. Cette édition s’est tenue à Montpellier les 6 et 7 avril 2023. Le compte-rendu détaille les grandes thématiques abor- dées, les grandes enquêtes sociométriques mobilisées, la diversité des approches méthodologiques, des sources et des questionnements représentés dans la conférence.
Revista Científica WARMI intervención en violencia contra las mujeres Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2021)
Authors: Universidad Católica de Trujillo  
Published: May 2024

La revista, Revista Científica WARMI intervención en violencia contra las mujeres, tiene como objetivos mostrar productos académicos que engloben temas relacionados a la violencia que sufren las mujeres en la sociedad, cómo abordarlos, mecanismos de protección de los derechos humanos de las mujeres, políticas públicas y sociales, programas de intervención y teorías.
Dichos temas se pueden abordar desde las áreas de las ciencias humanas y sociales, vinculada a las distintas disciplinas; como: Educación, Psicología, Sociología, Antropología, Derecho, Economía, Administración, Historia, Filosofía y Religión.
Quality of Education Services and Community Satisfaction with SDIT Using The Servqual Model
Authors: Syska Lady Sulistyowatie  , Arif Julianto Sri Nugroho  , Abdul Haris  , Agung Nugroho Jati  , Tasari  
Published: May 2024

This research develops a model through measuring the quality of educational services towards the competitive excellence of SDIT (Integrated Islamic Primary Schools). This research aims to test the gap scores for each dimension of each SDIT, thus it can determine the right marketing strategy to satisfy and increase the interest of new students’ parents who believe that their children will receive an education at an excellent Islamic Elementary School. The research was using a quantitative approach through respondent description, item validity and reliability, and ServQual model statistical tests. The population in the research was all people who believe in Integrated Islamic Primary School education in Klaten Regency. This research used a purposive sampling technique of 100 respondents. The attributes in the questionnaire were adapted from the ServQual concept which is suitable in the realm of educational research including tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. Quantitative tests include validity tests, item reliability and ServQual confirmation tests. The test results of validity and reliability were valid and reliable. The confirmation test score has a positive average value of 60.27 with the lowest positive value in the reliabilities dimension of 28.45, followed by tangibles 34.28, responsiveness 72.58 assurance 88.44 and empathy has the highest value of 127.60. Improvement efforts must continue to be made by the SDIT management with an emphasis on improving the value that still has the lowest positive dimension followed by the next positive value. Increasing the quality of SDIT's educational services by implementing the Total Quality Management concept optimally will lead to increased community satisfaction and strengthened SDIT's competitive performance in the future.
Metaphor in Petatah Petitih of Babako Ceremony in Minangkabau Wedding Tradition
Authors: Lubis Fauziah Khairani , Bahri Syamsul , Harlina Aulia Risky 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Metaphore is used in Petatah Petitih of Minangkabau wedding tradition, Babako ceremony, usually functions to beautify the language in conveying an advice and the values of life. The tradition of Babako in Minangkabau is a way to preserve the local wisdom , Minangkabau culture and its language. The objective of this study is to explore more about Metaphore in Minangkabau wedding traditions, especially in the Babako ceremony. This research uses a qualitative approach with a focus on text analysis from Petatah Petitih, a form of oral literature used in Minangkabau traditional ceremonies. Data was obtained through participant observation and interviews with traditional leaders and ceremony participants. The kinds of Metaphore are found in Petatah Petitih of Babako ceremony are Ontological Metaphore (Personification) 36,1%, structural metaphore 27,7%, Ontological Metaphore (Metonymy) 19,4%, Oriental Metaphore 16,6%. Ontological Metaphore (personification) 36,1% is a highest one, it shows the language used describing several objects that exist in nature moving with natural influences such as imitating human movements. This adds beauty to the language used. It describes the nature and human are as two components strongly constructing the civilization, tradition and language development of Minangkabau in society. The results of the analysis show that metaphore are used creatively in Petatah Petitih of Babako ceremony to convey life values, social norms and moral messages in the context of Minangkabau marriages.
Age-Related Changes in Functional Skills and Daily Life Task Management Among Autistic Youth
Authors: Kim Yeook , Munsell Elizabeth G. S. , Coster Wendy J. , Orsmond Gael I. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Importance: Autistic youth who graduate with a high school diploma may experience challenges in acquiring functional skills for everyday independence. Few studies have focused on how their functional and self-management skills change during the transition to adulthood.
Objective: To examine cross-sectional differences and longitudinal changes in the functional and self-management skills of transition-age autistic youth.
Design: Exploratory longitudinal study (18-mo follow-up).
Setting: Community.
Participants: Autistic high school students who graduated with a high school diploma and their parents (N = 50).
Outcomes and Measures: Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory–Computer Adaptive Test (ASD).
Results: Older youth (ages 18–20 yr) had significantly lower normative Social/Cognitive and Responsibility domain scores (i.e., self-management) than youth ages 14–17 yr. Approximately 2 yr later, youth in both age groups significantly improved in scaled scores on the Daily Activities and Responsibility domains.
Conclusions and Relevance: Autistic youth’s functional and self-management skills fell below those of nonautistic peers; however, these skills do change over time and are therefore appropriate targets for intervention.
Plain-Language Summary: The findings of this study highlight the importance of focusing on the functional and self-management skills of autistic youth as part of their transition to adulthood. Occupational therapists can play a valuable role in helping autistic youth to achieve independence as adults by assessing their functional needs and strengths and by providing client-centered interventions.
INCIDENCE OF VULVO VAGINAL CANDIDIASIS IN YOUNG WOMEN; EXPERIENCE FROM A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, KARACHI PAKISTAN
Authors: Raja Ayisha , Ahmed Abeera , Fareed Sindhu , Raja Namra Sohail , Tariq Ameera , Naqvi Syed Rehan Asghar 
Published: May 2024

Objective: To study the incidence of Candida species in women of child bearing age presenting with abnormal vaginal discharge with and without symptom of pruritus vulvae.
Material and Methods: The descriptive cross sectional study was done from Feb 2022 to Jan 2023, HVS of 300 women were taken who presented with abnormal discharge from vagina and pruritus vulvae. Samples were taken for microbiological culture testing, after thorough assessment of pertinent gynecological and obstetric history. The cultures were followed up and the results recorded.
Results: The most frequently identified organism causing abnormal vaginal discharge was Candida albicans (62.27%) with pregnant women experiencing a 59.09% considerably higher prevalence rate. The study found that vaginal candidiasis symptoms were itching, white curdy vaginal discharge, burning, and dyspareunia. Candida albicans was found in 62.2% of cases, while non-albicans were found in 37.7%. Pregnant women accounted for 59.09% of positive cases, with 74 cases of Candida albicans and 56 cases of non-albicans. Non-pregnant women accounted for 40.9% of positive cases, with 63 cases of Candida albicans and 27 cases of non-albicans.
Conclusion: Vulvo Vaginal Candidiasis associated with C. albicans as well as non albicans species of Candida is very common in women of reproductive age especially in developing countries. Specific diagnosis of is important as it leads to prompt treatment with antifungal, thus improving patient's health and preventing chronicity associated with disease.
Keywords: High vaginal swab, Vaginal candidiasis, Vaginal discharge.
O planejamento tributário na utilização de holdings rurais: eficiência fiscal e limites legais
Authors: Rempel Guilherme José , Luz Crislene Divina dos Santos 
Published: May 2024

O presente artigo objetiva asseverar que o holding rural que está inserido no campo do direito empresarial e tributário, possa vir a beneficiar com vantagens e benefícios proporcionais ao utilizar a holding, onde os limites definidos garantem a legitimidade desta estrutura de sociedade que está e são utilizadas no planejamento tributário rural. Em busca da eficiência fiscal dentro da legalidade da lei por meio da elisão fiscal, amortizar a carga tributária. A Holding Rural é uma estrutura jurídica que pode é criada para gerir o patrimônio do produtor rural e seus negócios, com a estrutura da Holding que é amplamente usada fins de gestão sucessória e tributária, o que releva e proporciona vários benefícios aos produtores rurais como a otimização da gestão. Neste mesmo sentido a holding do agronegócio tem como finalidade o patrimonio familiar rural, utilizando a pessoa jurídica. A principal função desse responsável jurídico é realizar a gestão da atividade rural dessa família de forma ampla, principalmente com relação ao seu patrimônio. Assim temos a o patrimonial que é o objetivo principal da holding na gestão do patrimônio e investimentos, a holding familiar tem como objetivo a gestão e a continuidade dos negócios da família. Portando este artigo direcione a identificar as finalidades da constituição da holding rural em buscas da eficiência fiscal dentro dos limites legais visando seus benefícios.
Desamparo imaterial dos ascendentes como possível causa de exclusão sucessória
Authors: Silva Rhafaella Cleisma Costa , Santos Guilherme Augusto Martins 
Published: May 2024

O presente artigo aborda a temática do desamparo imaterial dos ascendentes como causa de exclusão sucessória, uma vez que, tradicionalmente, a legislação tem priorizado critérios patrimoniais para determinar a sucessão hereditária. Assim, a problemática surge da ausência de uma previsão legal explícita para o tema em questão, levantando a seguinte indagação: quais instrumentos jurídicos são capazes de reconhecer e interpretar o desamparo imaterial, particularmente o abandono afetivo dos descendentes em relação aos ascendentes, como uma possível causa de deserdação? A pesquisa se justifica pela necessidade de compreender os limites e possibilidades do Direito frente ao fenômeno social crescente do desamparo imaterial dos ascendentes. Através da análise jurisprudencial e doutrinária, busca-se identificar os instrumentos legais que permitam a interpretação dessa problemática no âmbito da exclusão sucessória. A metodologia inclui a revisão de literatura especializada, análise de casos jurisprudenciais relevantes e reflexão sobre os princípios fundamentais do Direito de Família e Sucessório. Ao integrar esses elementos, o artigo visa contribuir para uma compreensão mais abrangente e sensível das relações familiares e sucessórias, promovendo uma abordagem mais inclusiva e justa no contexto do Direito brasileiro.