bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cystatin C and neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin as markers of renal function in pediatric heart transplant recipients
Authors: Abraham Boban P. , Frazier Elizabeth A. , Morrow W. Robert , Blaszak Richard T. , Devarajan Prasad , Mitsnefes Mark , Bryant Janet C. , Sachdeva Ritu 
Published: April 2011

Abraham BP, Frazier EA, Morrow WR, Blaszak RT, Devarajan P, Mitsnefes M, Bryant JC, Sachdeva R. Cystatin C and neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin as markers of renal function in pediatric heart transplant recipients. Pediatr Transplantation 2011: 15: 564–569. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  We hypothesized that use of Schwartz formula underestimates the prevalence of CKD in PHT recipients. This study determined the prevalence and risk factors for CKD in PHT using novel methods‐serum cystatin C, CKiD formula, Revised Schwartz formula, s‐ and u‐NGAL. Serum BUN, creatinine, cystatin C and s‐ and u‐NGAL were measured after prospective enrollment. Schwartz formula GFR was compared with novel methods. CKD was defined as CKiD GFR < 90 mL/min/1.73 m2. The s‐ and u‐NGAL were compared between those with and without CKD. Potential risk factors for CKD were analyzed. Seventy‐nine patients (46 male children or boys), mean age 9.9 ± 5.8 yr formed the study cohort. The prevalence of mild and moderate CKD was 2‐ to 3‐fold higher using novel methods compared to Schwartz formula. u‐NGAL and u‐NGAL/Cr were significantly higher in patients with CKD. u‐ and s‐NGAL had negative correlation with estimates of GFR. Women were at a higher risk for CKD (odds ratio 8.7) as was longer duration since transplant (p = 0.009). In conclusion, use of novel methods of GFR estimation unmasked 2‐ to 3‐fold increased prevalence of CKD in PHT. Women and those with longer duration since transplant are at higher risk for CKD.
Transfusion practices in massive haemorrhage in pre‐intensive and intensive care
Authors: Sinha R. , Roxby D. 
Published: April 2011

Background and Objectives  Primary resuscitation for massive haemorrhage often occurs in emergency departments or operating theatres, with ongoing resuscitation in the intensive care unit (ICU). The aim of the study was to retrospectively review transfusion practice in the pre‐ICU phase and ICU for patients with massive haemorrhage.Materials and Methods  From 1998 to 2006, we developed an electronically linked database of blood and blood product usage and laboratory data with clinical outcome. All patients who received 10 or more units of red cells and required ICU admission were included.Results  Of 238 patients who required massive transfusion, 40 died early (within 24 h of massive transfusion), out of which 16 died in pre‐ICU and 24 died in ICU. Comparatively this group of patients presented in the pre‐ICU phase and on ICU admission, respectively, with coagulopathy (median international normalized ratio 1·6 and 2·1) and acidosis (median base deficit −11·5 and −14 mmol/l). These patients had median ratios of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) to red blood cells of 1:3·3 and 1:1·3 in the pre‐ICU and ICU phases, respectively. Severity of coagulopathy indicated by INR at ICU admission [P = 0·04; area under receiver operator curve (ROC) = 0·69] and RBC transfused (P = 0·01) in 24 h associated with mortality.Conclusions  Patients who died early were coagulopathic before and on ICU admission and did not correct their coagulopathy. This study also shows that coagulopathy is associated with an increased risk of mortality. Early and aggressive correction of coagulopathy for patients presenting with coagulopathy may be effective in improving mortality.
Extension of platelet shelf life from 4 to 5 days by implementation of a new screening strategy in Germany
Authors: Sireis W. , Rüster B. , Daiss C. , Hourfar M. K. , Capalbo G. , Pfeiffer H‐U , Janetzko K. , Goebel M. , Kempf V. A. J. , Seifried E. , Schmidt M. 
Published: April 2011

Background  The Paul‐Ehrlich‐Institute analysed all fatalities due to bacterial infections between 1997 and 2007. Thereafter, the platelet shelf life was reduced to a maximum of 4 days after blood donation because the majority of all cases of severe transfusion‐transmitted bacterial infections occurred with day 5 platelets. The current study compares the analytical sensitivity and the diagnostic specificity of four rapid bacterial detection procedures.Methods  Nine transfusion‐relevant bacterial strains were spiked in pooled platelets or apheresis platelets at a low concentration (10 CFU/bag). Samples were collected after day 3, day 4 and day 5 and investigated by four rapid bacterial detection methods (modified BacT/ALERT, Bactiflow, FACS method and 16s DNA PCR methods).Results  Seven out of nine bacterial strains were adequately detected by BacT/ALERT, Bactiflow and PCR in apheresis platelets and pooled platelets after sample collection at day 3, day 4 and day 5. For three bacterial strains, analytical sensitivity was reduced for the FACS method. Two bacterial strains did not grow under the storage conditions in either pooled or apheresis platelets.Conclusions  A late sample collection on day 3, day 4 or day 5 after blood donation in combination with a rapid bacterial detection method offers a new opportunity to improve blood safety and reduce errors due to sampling., BacT/ALERT, Bactiflow or 16s ID‐NAT are feasible for late bacterial screening in platelets may provide data which support the extension of platelet shelf life in Germany to 5 days.
Maximization of total genetic variance in breed conservation programmes
Authors: Cervantes I. , Meuwissen T.H.E. 
Published: April 2011

SummaryThe preservation of the maximum genetic diversity in a population is one of the main objectives within a breed conservation programme. We applied the maximum variance total (MVT) method to a unique population in order to maximize the total genetic variance. The function maximization was performed by the annealing algorithm. We have selected the parents and the mating scheme at the same time simply maximizing the total genetic variance (a mate selection problem). The scenario was compared with a scenario of full‐sib lines, a MVT scenario with a rate of inbreeding restriction, and with a minimum coancestry selection scenario. The MVT method produces sublines in a population attaining a similar scheme as the full‐sib sublining that agrees with other authors that the maximum genetic diversity in a population (the lowest overall coancestry) is attained in the long term by subdividing it in as many isolated groups as possible. The application of a restriction on the rate of inbreeding jointly with the MVT method avoids the consequences of inbreeding depression and maintains the effective size at an acceptable minimum. The scenario of minimum coancestry selection gave higher effective size values, but a lower total genetic variance. A maximization of the total genetic variance ensures more genetic variation for extreme traits, which could be useful in case the population needs to adapt to a new environment/production system.
Evaluation of novel semiochemical dispensers simultaneously releasing pear ester and sex pheromone for mating disruption of codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Authors: Knight A. L. , Stelinski L. L. , Hebert V. , Gut L. , Light D. , Brunner J. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe performance of polyvinyl chloride polymer (PVC) dispensers loaded with two rates of ethyl (E,Z)‐2,4‐decadienoate (pear ester) plus the sex pheromone, (E,E)‐8,10‐dodecadien‐1‐ol (codlemone) of codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), was compared with similar dispensers and two commercial dispensers (Isomate® and CheckMate®) loaded only with codlemone. Dispenser evaluations were conducted in replicated small (0.1 ha) and large (2 ha) field trials in apple, Malus domestica (Borkhausen), during 2006 (Washington) and 2007 (Michigan, large plot study only). Data recorded included male captures in traps baited with virgin female moths and codlemone lures and direct observations of moth behaviour in treated plots. Volatile air collections of field‐aged dispensers were conducted under laboratory conditions. Disruption of male catch in codlemone‐baited traps was generally similar among dispenser treatments, except for two instances: lower moth catches with the single and dual‐component PVC dispensers, compared with Isomate®, during the first flight in the large plots in Michigan in 2007 and for the dual‐component PVC dispenser compared with the CheckMate® dispenser during the second flight in small plots in Washington in 2006. Levels of fruit injury were similar in large plots treated with all dispensers. Male moth catches in virgin female‐baited traps did not differ among dispenser treatments and were significantly lower than the untreated control. Behavioural observations of adult moths in the field verified anemotactic approaches within 20 cm of pheromone dispensers loaded with and without pear ester that lasted ca. 15 s on average. Field‐aged dual‐component dispensers released pear ester at a >5‐fold higher rate than codlemone over the first 8 weeks and this ratio declined to near unity by 18 weeks.
Effects of leaf damage on oviposition choice in an invasive paropsine beetle
Authors: Horgan F. G. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIn 2007, an invasive paropsine beetle, Paropsisterna nr. gloriosa Blackburn, caused severe defoliation of Eucalyptus in mixed‐species foliage plantations in south‐west Ireland. At many of the plantations, Eucalyptus parvula L.A.S. Johnson & K.D. Hill was the most heavily damaged species while Eucalyptus pulverulenta Sims was generally resistant to the beetle. However, at the most heavily damaged site beetles moved to feed on E. pulvarulenta presumably during periods when suitable foliage (new leaves) of E. parvula had been severely depleted. The present study examines factors underlying shifts in oviposition from the preferred to non‐preferred host. In choice and no‐choice experiments, P. nr. gloriosa laid more eggs directly on new E. parvula foliage compared with new E. pulverulenta foliage. However, in choice experiments where new E. parvula foliage was unavailable (but old foliage available), more eggs were laid on new E. pulverulenta foliage. The potential for prior feeding damage to stimulate or deter oviposition on either host was also examined. Prior damage to new and old E. parvula leaves increased egg‐laying directly on the damaged foliage; however, prior damage to E. pulverulenta may have inhibited oviposition. The results suggest that in mixed‐species plantations, facilitation of oviposition on preferred hosts through prior feeding damage helps maintain the relative resistance of E. pulverulenta against P. nr. gloriosa, even under high beetle densities. However, the vulnerability of E. pulverulenta will increase where suitable age‐classes of preferred‐host foliage are severely depleted or unavailable.
Population structure and connectivity in the Atlantic scleractinian coral Montastraea cavernosa (Linnaeus, 1767)
Authors: Goodbody‐Gringley Gretchen , Woollacott Robert M. , Giribet Gonzalo 
Published: April 2011

AbstractCoral reefs are increasingly threatened worldwide by a variety of biological and physical factors, including disease, bleaching and ocean acidification. Understanding levels of connectivity among widespread populations can assist in conservation efforts and the design of marine protected areas, as larval dispersal scales affect population demography. This study examined genetic connectivity and morphological variation of the broadcast spawning coral Montastraea cavernosa (L., 1767) among five locations in the Caribbean and Western Atlantic. Analysis of mtDNA and nuclear rRNA internal transcribed spacers, at both the local and regional scale, revealed that the majority of variation existed within locations rather than among them. Likewise, the majority of pairwise comparisons were non‐significant between sites and locations. These results suggest that moderate to high gene flow occurs within and among populations of M. cavernosa in the Western Atlantic. The phylogeographic signature and significant pairwise comparisons among several locations, however, indicate that populations are also partially maintained through self‐seeding and that gene flow may be restricted over large geographic distances. Additionally, while some anatomical variation is likely attributable to phenotypic plasticity, variations in skeletal morphology between Jamaica and other locations correspond with significant pairwise genetic distances and the presence of private sequence types (limited to a single location), suggesting selection to local environmental conditions.
Controlled study on the cognitive and psychological effect of coloring and drawing in mild Alzheimer's disease patients
Authors: Hattori Hideyuki , Hattori Chikako , Hokao Chieko , Mizushima Kumiko , Mase Toru 
Published: April 2011

Aim:  Art therapy has been reported to have effects on mental symptoms in patients with dementia, and its usefulness is expected. We performed a controlled trial to evaluate the usefulness of art therapy compared with calculation training in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease.Methods:  Thirty‐nine patients with Alzheimer's disease showing slightly decreased cognitive function allowing treatment on an outpatient basis were randomly allocated to art therapy and control (learning therapy using calculation) groups, and intervention was performed once weekly for 12 weeks.Results:  Comparison of the results of evaluation between before and after therapy in each group showed significant improvement in the Apathy Scale in the art therapy group (P = 0.014) and in the Mini‐Mental State Examination score (P = 0.015) in the calculation drill group, but no significant differences in the other items between the two groups. Patients showing a 10% or greater improvement were compared between the two groups. Significant improvement in the quality of life (QOL) was observed in the art therapy compared with the calculation training group (P = 0.038, odds ratio, 5.54). anova concerning improvement after each method revealed no significant difference in any item.Conclusion:  These results suggested improvement in at least the vitality and the QOL of patients with mild Alzheimer's disease after art therapy compared with calculation, but no marked comprehensive differences between the two methods. In non‐pharmacological therapy for dementia, studies attaching importance to the motivation and satisfaction of patients and their family members rather than the superiority of methods may be necessary in the future. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2011; 11: 431–437.
Coping strategies and adaptation for the disabled elderly in Taiwan
Authors: Hsu Hui‐Chuan , Tung Ho‐Jui 
Published: April 2011

Aim:  This study explored the relationship between coping strategies and adaptation difficulties for the disabled elderly.Methods:  Data were collected during face‐to‐face interviews with the physically disabled elderly in long‐term care institutions and in rehabilitation departments in middle Taiwan. Totally, 505 persons were analyzed. The adaptation to disability was evaluated by health care, domestic environment, family relationships, social life and psychological distress as the dependent variables. Factor analysis and multiple regression models were applied for the analysis.Results:  Three types of coping strategies were identified: (i) acceptance and action reduced the difficulty in adapting to disability in the health‐care and social life dimensions; (ii) venting and avoidance increased the difficulty in adapting in the health‐care, domestic environment and psychological distress dimensions; and (iii) seeking support was related to greater adapting to difficulty in terms of family relationships.Conclusion:  More effective coping strategies should be offered to the disabled elderly to help them adapt to their disability. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2011; 11: 488–495.
Intraumbilical injection of three different uterotonics in the management of retained placenta
Authors: Harara Rany , Hanafy Sherif , Zidan Mahmoud Saad Alsayed , Alberry Medhat 
Published: April 2011

AbstractAim:  The aim of this work was to compare the effect of intraumbilical injection of three different uterotonic solutions in the management of retained placenta.Materials and Methods:  This study was conducted in Ain‐Shams University Maternity Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. A total of 78 women with retained placenta (>30 min after delivery of the fetus) were included in the study and subdivided into three groups. Each group was injected with a different type of uterotonic into the umbilical vein after clamping it using the Pipingas technique. Uterotonics used were either 20 IU oxytocin dissolved in 30 mL saline (n = 26), ergometrine 0.2 mg dissolved in 30 mL saline (n = 27) or misoprostol 800 µg dissolved in 30 mL saline (n = 25).Results:  The overall success rate of spontaneous placental separation within 30 min after intraumbilical injection of uterotonics was 56/78 (71.79%). The success rate was higher with misoprostol when compared to oxytocin and ergometrine but the difference was not significant (20/25 [80%], 19/26 [73.08%], 17/27 [62.96%], respectively, P > 0.05). The injection‐to‐separation interval was significantly shorter in the misoprostol group than in the oxytocin and ergometrine groups (7.0 ± 2.2 min, 13.14 ± 3.76 min, 22.5 ± 4.37 min, respectively, P < 0.001).Conclusion:  Intraumbilical injection of uterotonics, namely oxytocin, ergometrine and dissolved misoprostol in saline, are closely effective in the management of retained placenta, with misoprostol being slightly more effective. This method may have a role in minimizing the need for manual removal of the placenta and its adverse sequelae.
Bilateral ovarian squamous cell carcinoma with an antecedent dermoid cyst in the left ovary
Authors: Prasad Sruthi , BV Suguna , Ravindra Savithri 
Published: April 2011

AbstractOvarian squamous cell carcinoma is a rare malignancy and its occurrence is commonly attributed to malignant transformation of a pre‐existing mature cystic teratoma. The de novo occurrence of primary squamous cell carcinoma is extremely rare. Malignant transformation in a mature cystic teratoma is almost always unilateral; however, there have been isolated reports of an uncomplicated mature cystic teratoma in the contralateral ovary. We report here a case of a 40‐year‐old woman presenting with squamous cell carcinoma of both ovaries with antecedent dermoid cyst in the left ovary, along with involvement of the fallopian tubes, cervix and omentum.
Methotrexate in local treatment of cervical heterotopic pregnancy with successful perinatal outcome: Case report
Authors: Sijanovic Sinisa , Vidosavljevic Domagoj , Sijanovic Ivanka 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThis case report describes a case of heterotopic cervical ectopic pregnancy in a nulliparous woman that was successfully treated with single‐dose local, intra‐amniotic methotrexate injection in the gestational sac. Pregnancy was achieved spontaneously. The patient had previously undergone hysteroscopic myomectomy. By using local, single‐dose treatment we avoided the continued effects of the drug on the intrauterine pregnancy and the possible adverse effect of systemically applied methotrexate. The treatment resulted in the term vaginal delivery of a healthy child and preserved the patient's fertility for future pregnancies.
Premenstrual disorders in Polish adolescent girls: Prevalence and risk factors
Authors: Drosdzol Agnieszka , Nowosielski Krzysztof , Skrzypulec Violetta , Plinta Ryszard 
Published: April 2011

AbstractAim:  The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of premenstrual disorders among Polish adolescent girls.Material and Methods:  A total of 2500 females from the Upper Silesian region of Poland, aged 16 to 45 years, were eligible for a prospective population‐based study. The subjects were recruited randomly by the regional public opinion research centre. The preliminary study population consisted of 1540 females. Seventy‐two adolescent girls, aged 16 to 19 years, were included in the final analysis. The research was based on a self‐prepared questionnaire containing socio‐economic status, general health, medical and reproductive history, premenstrual symptoms based on American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists criteria for diagnosing premenstrual syndrome as well as American Psychiatric Association criteria for premenstrual dysphoric disorder and patient prospective daily ratings of symptoms.Results:  The mean age of the studied population was 17.27 ± 0.97 years. In the studied population the majority of the adolescent girls lived in large cities of over 50 000 citizens (54.29%), were physically active declaring daily physical exercise (55.22%) and sexually active (54.17%). Study results indicated that the prevalence of premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder was 76.39% and 4.17%, respectively. The final statistical analysis revealed that only place of residence (large cities) increased the risk of premenstrual syndrome (OR = 3.58; P = 0.01).Conclusion:  Adolescent females living in urban areas are more vulnerable to premenstrual syndrome. Reproductive, sexual and socio‐economic factors are not significant risk factors for premenstrual syndrome.
Randomized controlled trial of different doses of metformin for ovulation induction in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Weerakiet Sawaek , Sophonsritsuk Areepan , Lertvikool Srithean , Satirapot Chonthicha , Leelaphiwat Supatra , Jultanmas Rattiya 
Published: April 2011

AbstractAim:  To compare the efficacy of 1000 mg and 1700 mg of metformin on ovulation induction in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women.Material and Methods:  A randomized controlled trial was conducted at Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand of 60 PCOS women diagnosed by Rotterdam criteria. Group A (30 women) and B (30 women) received 1000 mg and 1700 mg/day of metformin, respectively. Clomiphen citrate 50–150 mg per day for 5 days was added, if no dominant follicle developed. The main outcome measures were ovulation and pregnancy rates, fasting insulin (FI), testosterone (T), androstenedione (ADD) and DHEAS before and 4 weeks after metformin.Results:  The ovulation rate did not differ between the groups (84.8% vs 87.7% between groups A and B, P = NS). Most of the women developed one follicle (91% in group A and 88.2% in group B, P = NS). The pregnancy rate in group A (46.4% per woman and 12.4% per ovulatory cycle) did not differ from that in group B (51.9% per woman and 13.2% per ovulatory cycle, P = NS). With regard to dosages, the ovulation rate in PCOS women without insulin resistance (IR) was significantly higher than those with IR. FI, T and ADD were significantly decreased after 4 weeks of metformin in both groups.Conclusion:  1000 mg of metformin had as high efficacy as 1700 mg on induction of ovulation and pregnancy in PCOS women.