bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protein Energy Malnutrition Impairs Homeostatic Proliferation of Memory CD8 T Cells
Authors: Iyer Smita S. , Chatraw Janel Hart , Tan Wendy G. , Wherry E. John , Becker Todd C. , Ahmed Rafi , Kapasi Zoher F. 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
Nutrition is a critical but poorly understood determinant of immunity. There is abundant epidemiological evidence linking protein malnutrition to impaired vaccine efficacy and increased susceptibility to infections; yet, the role of dietary protein in immune memory homeostasis remains poorly understood. In this study, we show that protein-energy malnutrition induced in mice by low-protein (LP) feeding has a detrimental impact on CD8 memory. Relative to adequate protein (AP)-fed controls, LP feeding in lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)-immune mice resulted in a 2-fold decrease in LCMV-specific CD8 memory T cells. Adoptive transfer of memory cells, labeled with a division tracking dye, from AP mice into naive LP or AP mice demonstrated that protein-energy malnutrition caused profound defects in homeostatic proliferation. Remarkably, this defect occurred despite the lymphopenic environment in LP hosts. Whereas Ag-specific memory cells in LP and AP hosts were phenotypically similar, memory cells in LP hosts were markedly less responsive to polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid-induced acute proliferative signals. Furthermore, upon recall, memory cells in LP hosts displayed reduced proliferation and protection from challenge with LCMV-clone 13, resulting in impaired viral clearance in the liver. The findings show a metabolic requirement of dietary protein in sustaining functional CD8 memory and suggest that interventions to optimize dietary protein intake may improve vaccine efficacy in malnourished individuals.
Cleavage of Annexin A1 by ADAM10 during Secondary Necrosis Generates a Monocytic “Find-Me” Signal
Authors: Blume Karin E. , Soeroes Szabolcs , Keppeler Hildegard , Stevanovic Stefan , Kretschmer Dorothee , Rautenberg Maren , Wesselborg Sebastian , Lauber Kirsten 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
Annexin A1 is an intracellular calcium/phospholipid-binding protein that is involved in membrane organization and the regulation of the immune system. It has been attributed an anti-inflammatory role at various control levels, and recently we could show that annexin A1 externalization during secondary necrosis provides an important fail-safe mechanism counteracting inflammatory responses when the timely clearance of apoptotic cells has failed. As such, annexin A1 promotes the engulfment of dying cells and dampens the postphagocytic production of proinflammatory cytokines. In our current follow-up study, we report that exposure of annexin A1 during secondary necrosis coincided with proteolytic processing within its unique N-terminal domain by ADAM10. Most importantly, we demonstrate that the released peptide and culture supernatants of secondary necrotic, annexin A1-externalizing cells induced chemoattraction of monocytes, which was clearly reduced in annexin A1- or ADAM10-knockdown cells. Thus, altogether our findings indicate that annexin A1 externalization and its proteolytic processing into a chemotactic peptide represent final events during apoptosis, which after the transition to secondary necrosis contribute to the recruitment of monocytes and the prevention of inflammation.
Adenosine Augments IL-10 Production by Microglial Cells through an A2B Adenosine Receptor-Mediated Process
Authors: Koscsó Balázs , Csóka Balázs , Selmeczy Zsolt , Himer Leonóra , Pacher Pál , Virág László , Haskó György 
Published: November 2011

AbstractMicroglia are activated by pathogen-associated molecular patterns and produce proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-12, and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Adenosine is an endogenous purine nucleoside and a ligand of four G protein-coupled adenosine receptors (ARs), which are the A1AR, A2AAR, A2BAR, and A3AR. ARs have been shown to suppress TNF-α production by microglia, but their role in regulating IL-10 production has not been studied. In this study, we demonstrate that adenosine augments IL-10 production by activated murine microglia while suppressing the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Because the order of potency of selective AR agonists in inducing IL-10 production was NECA &gt; IB-MECA &gt; CCPA ≥ CGS21680, and the A2BAR antagonist MRS1754 prevented the effect of NECA, we conclude that the stimulatory effect of adenosine on IL-10 production is mediated by the A2BAR. Mechanistically, adenosine augmented IL-10 mRNA accumulation by a transcriptional process. Using mutant IL-10 promoter constructs we showed that a CREB-binding region in the promoter mediated the augmenting effect of adenosine on IL-10 transcription. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that adenosine induced CREB phosphorylation at the IL-10 promoter. Silencing CREB using lentivirally delivered short hairpin RNA blocked the enhancing effect of adenosine on IL-10 production, confirming a role for CREB in mediating the stimulatory effect of adenosine on IL-10 production. In addition, adenosine augmented IL-10 production by stimulating p38 MAPK. Collectively, our results establish that A2BARs augment IL-10 production by activated murine microglia.
The Calcineurin B Subunit (CnB) Is a New Ligand of Integrin αM That Mediates CnB-Induced Apo2L/TRAIL Expression in Macrophages
Authors: Liu Lixin , Su Zhenyi , Xin Shuai , Cheng Jinbo , Li Jing , Xu Lan , Wei Qun 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
We showed previously that the calcineurin B subunit (CnB) plays an important role in activation of peritoneal macrophage, but the underlying mechanism remained unknown. To examine whether there is a CnB receptor on peritoneal macrophages, we performed the radioligand binding assay of receptors. The receptor saturation binding curve demonstrated high-affinity and specific binding; the maximum binding was 1090 fmol/105 cells, and the Kd was 70.59 pM. Then, we used a CnB affinity resin to trap potential receptors from highly purified peritoneal macrophage membranes. Mass spectrometry analysis showed that the binding protein was mouse integrin αM. We next performed a competition binding experiment to confirm the binding of CnB to integrin αM. This showed that FITC-CnB bound specifically to peritoneal macrophages and that binding was blocked by the addition of integrin αM Ab. We observed that CnB could induce TRAIL gene expression in peritoneal macrophages in vitro and in vivo. Integrin αM Ab blocking, RNA interference, and ligand competition experiments demonstrated that CnB-induced TRAIL expression is dependent on integrin αM. Furthermore, the tumoricidal activity of CnB-activated peritoneal macrophages is partially dependent on TRAIL. In addition, CnB treatment significantly prolongs the survival of mice bearing H22 ascites tumors, which has a positive correlation with the induction level of TRAIL. These results reveal a novel function of the CnB in innate immunity and cancer surveillance. They also point to a new signaling pathway leading to induction of TRAIL and suggest a possible application of CnB in cancer therapy.
Troponin T in Hip Fracture Patients: Prognostic Significance for Mortality at One Year
Authors: Spurrier Edward , Wordsworth David , Martin Steven , Norris Rory , Parker Martyn J. 
Published: November 2011

Hip fractures are common injuries in the elderly, with significant mortality and morbidity from several factors. Many of these patients have cardiac disease, and some develop cardiac complications which may increase mortality. Troponin T is a marker of myocardial injury but can be raised in other conditions. Patients over 60 years admitted with hip fracture during the study period had their troponin T measured on admission and postoperatively. Assay was performed after the patient had completed their treatment. We report the results of this study one year after the last patient was admitted. 108 patients were recruited. The average age was 84 years, 86% were female. The mean hospital stay was 20 days. This study found that 27% of hip fracture patients had some increase in the troponin T levels in the peri-operative period. This increase was not associated with an increase in early mortality, but there was an increase in one-year mortality for those with an increase in troponin T (45% versus 22%, p=0.03). These findings indicate that the routine measurement of troponin T does not correlate with acute mortality and is not necessary without evidence of an acute cardiac event.
Pre-Operative Regional Block Anesthesia Enhances Operative Strategy for Arteriovenous Fistula Creation
Authors: Reynolds Tyler S. , Kim Karen M. , Dukkipati Ramanath , Nguyen Tien H. , Julka Inderjeet , Kakazu Clinton , Tokhner Vadim , Chauvapun Joe P. 
Published: November 2011

Purpose We aim to assess the effect of regional block anesthesia on vein diameter, type of AVF placement, and fistula size and flow volume. Methods 30 patients presenting for AV access procedures were followed prospectively. Vein diameters via venous ultrasound and planned location for AV access were documented. Supraclavicular brachial plexus block was followed by repeat ultrasound and alterations in operative plan were noted. Patients returned to clinic for duplex ultrasound assessment. Results Average increase from baseline vein diameter with regional block was most pronounced in the lower cephalic (34%), upper cephalic (24.2%), and basilic veins (31.3%) and less in the brachial vein (8.7%). Type of AVF was modified following regional block in 14%. The rate of native AVF placement improved from 89% to 93% with regional block. Twenty-three AVF patients were available for follow-up (mean 24 weeks). Average fistula size was 7.9 mm (CI 6.9–8.9) and all patent fistulas developed flow volume >600 mL/min. Primary patency was attained in 83%. One thrombosis occurred after a basilic artery was lacerated during dialysis access. The average fistula increased 0.33 cm from post-block diameter (SD 0.22, P<.05). Conclusions Vein diameter increases significantly in the basilic and cephalic veins following regional block anesthesia and may improve the rate of native fistula placement. Propensity to dilate after regional block anesthesia does not predict size of the fistula.
Lung Cancer Screening in the US, 2022
Authors: Bandi Priti , Star Jessica , Ashad-Bishop Kilan , Kratzer Tyler , Smith Robert , Jemal Ahmedin 
Published: June 2024

ImportanceThe US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends annual lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose computed tomography in high-risk individuals (age 50-80 years, ≥20 pack-years currently smoking or formerly smoked, and quit &amp;lt;15 years ago) for early detection of LC. However, representative state-level LCS data are unavailable nationwide.ObjectiveTo estimate the contemporary prevalence of up-to-date (UTD) LCS in the US nationwide and across the 50 states and the District of Columbia.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study used data from the 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) population-based, nationwide, state-representative survey for respondents aged 50 to 79 years who were eligible for LCS according to the 2021 USPSTF eligibility criteria. Data analysis was performed from October 1, 2023, to March 20, 2024.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was self-reported UTD-LCS (defined as past-year) prevalence according to the 2021 USPSTF eligibility criteria in respondents aged 50 to 79 years. Adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) and 95% CIs compared differences.ResultsAmong 25 958 sample respondents eligible for LCS (median [IQR] age, 62 [11] years), 61.5% reported currently smoking, 54.4% were male, 64.4% were aged 60 years or older, and 53.0% had a high school education or less. The UTD-LCS prevalence was 18.1% overall, but varied across states (range, 9.7%-31.0%), with relatively lower levels in southern states characterized by high LC mortality burden. The UTD-LCS prevalence increased with age (50-54 years: 6.7%; 70-79 years: 27.1%) and number of comorbidities (≥3: 24.6%; none: 8.7%). A total of 3.7% of those without insurance and 5.1% of those without a usual source of care were UTD with LCS, but state-level Medicaid expansions (APR, 2.68; 95% CI, 1.30-5.53) and higher screening capacity levels (high vs low: APR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.36-2.75) were associated with higher UTD-LCS prevalence.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study of data from the 2022 BRFSS found that the overall prevalence of UTD-LCS was low. Disparities were largest according to health care access and geographically across US states, with low prevalence in southern states with high LC burden. The findings suggest that state-based initiatives to expand access to health care and screening facilities may be associated with improved LCS rates and reduced disparities.
Remarkable Bias‐Stress Stability of Ultrathin Atomic‐Layer‐Deposited Indium Oxide Thin‐Film Transistors Enabled by Plasma Fluorination
Authors: Li Jinxiong , Ju Shanshan , Tang Yupu , Li Jiye , Li Xiao , Tian Xu , Zhu Jianzhang , Ge Qingqin , Lu Lei , Zhang Shengdong , Wang Xinwei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA low‐thermal‐budget fabrication approach is developed to realize high‐performance fluorine‐doped indium oxide (In2O3:F) thin‐film transistors (TFTs) with remarkable bias‐stress stability. The ultrathin transistor channel layer is prepared by a re‐developed atomic layer deposition (ALD) process of using cyclopentadienyl indium(I) (InCp) and O2 plasma to deposit a crystalline In2O3 film, followed by a new fluorine doping strategy to use CF4 plasma to afford the In2O3:F layer. As revealed by the density functional theory (DFT) analysis, the fluorine doping can stabilize the lattice oxygen and electrically passivate the problematic VO defects in In2O3 by forming the FOFi spectator defects. Therefore, the fabricated In2O3:F TFTs show simultaneously excellent electrical performance and remarkable bias‐stress stability, with high µFE of 35.9 cm2 V−1 s−1, positive Vth of 0.36 V, steep SS of 94.3 mV dec−1, small hysteresis of 33 mV, and small ΔVth of −111 and 49 mV under NBS and PBS, respectively. This work demonstrates the high promise of the fluorinated ALD In2O3:F TFTs for the CMOS back‐end‐of‐line (BEOL) compatible technologies toward advanced monolithic 3D integration.
Heterostructures via a Solution‐Based Anion Exchange in Microcrystalline 2D Layered Metal‐Halide Perovskites
Authors: Schleusener Alexander , Faraji Mehrdad , Borreani Martina , Lauciello Simone , Pasquale Lea , Khabbaz Abkenar Sirous , Divitini Giorgio , Krahne Roman 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLayered perovskites consist of stacks of inorganic semiconducting metal‐halide octahedra lattices sandwiched between organic layers with typically dielectric behavior. The in‐plane confinement of electrical carriers in such two‐dimensional metal halide perovskites drives a large range of appealing electronic properties, such as strong exciton binding, anisotropic charge diffusion, and polarization‐directionality. Heterostructures provide additional control on carrier diffusion and localization, and in‐plane heterojunctions are interesting because of the associated high charge mobility. Here, this work demonstrates a versatile solution‐based approach to fabricate in‐plane heterostructures with different halide composition in two‐dimensional lead‐halide perovskite microcrystals. This leads to spatially separated halide phases with different band gap and light emission. Interestingly, the composition of the exchanged phase and the morphology of the phase boundary depends on the exchange route, which can be related to the preferred localization of the halides at the equatorial or axial octahedra positions that either leads to dissolution and recrystallization of the octahedra lattice (for bromide to iodide), or allows for ion diffusion within the lattice (for iodide to bromide). These detailed insights on the ion exchange processes in layered perovskites will stimulate the development of heterostructures that can be tailored for different applications such as photocatalysis, energy storage, and light emission.
High‐Entropy Alloy Array via Liquid Metal Nanoreactor
Authors: Liang Jingjing , Chen Shurun , Ni Erli , Tang Jiao , Cao Guanghui , Wang Huiliu , Li Zhongyang , Zeng Mengqi , Fu Lei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHigh‐entropy alloy (HEA) nanostructures arranged into well‐defined configurations hold great potential for accelerating the development of electronics, photonics, catalysis, and device integration. However, the random nucleation induced by the disparity in physicochemical properties of multiple elements makes it challenging to achieve single‐particle synthesis at the patterned preset sites in the high‐entropy scenario. Herein, the liquid metal nanoreactor strategy is proposed to realize the construction of HEA arrays. The coalescence of the liquid metal driven by the tendency to decrease surface energy provides a restricted environment for the nucleation and growth to form single HEA particles at the preset locations, which can be regarded as a self‐confinement reaction. Liquid metal endowing a low diffusion energy barrier on the substrate and a high diffusivity of the alloy system can dynamically promote the aggregation process. As a result, the HEA array is prepared with elements up to eleven and possesses uniform periodicity, which exhibits excellent holography response in a broad spectrum. This work injects new vitality into the construction of HEA nanopatterns and provides an excellent platform for propelling their fundamental research and applications.
Extreme Fast Charging of Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by a Molten‐Salt‐Derived Nanocrystal Interphase
Authors: Wu Wei , Niu Fang , Sun Chuankui , Wang Qingrong , Wang Man , Wang Jun , Deng Yonghong , Ning De , Li Wenjie , Zhang Jie , Chen Ming , Cheng Hui‐Ming , Yang Chunlei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe extreme fast charging performance of lithium metal batteries (LMBs) with a long life is an important focus in the development of next‐generation battery technologies. The friable solid electrolyte interphase and dendritic lithium growth are major problems. The formation of an inorganic nanocrystal‐dominant interphase produced by preimmersing the Li in molten lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide that suppresses the overgrowth of the usual interphase is reported. Its high surface modulus combined with fast Li+ diffusivity enables a reversible dendrite‐proof deposition under ultrahigh‐rate conditions. It gives a record‐breaking cumulative plating/stripping capacity of >240 000 mAh cm−2 at 30 mA cm−2@30 mAh cm−2 for a symmetric cell and an extreme fast charging performance at 6 C for 500 cycles for a Li||LiCoO2 full cell with a high‐areal‐capacity, thus expanding the use of LMBs to high‐loading and power‐intensive scenarios. Its usability both in roll‐to‐roll production and in different electrolytes indicating the scalable and industrial potential of this process for high‐performance LMBs.
Photoluminescent Cu(I) Assemblies with High‐Temperature Solid‐State Transitions as a New Class of Thermic History Tracers
Authors: Schlachter Adrien , Moutier Florent , Utrera‐Melero Raquel , Schiller Jana , Khalil Ali Moustafa , Calvez Guillaume , Scheer Manfred , Costuas Karine , Lescop Christophe 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe preparation of a new series of luminescent one dimensional coordination polymers based on the association of a photoactive tetrametallic metallacycle Cu(I) precursor with pyridyl‐caped ditopic linkers is reported. In spite of related molecular architectures, these coordination polymers present upon Ultraviolet visible light photoexcitation markedly contrasted solid‐state luminescence behaviors including eye‐perceived colors of the emitted light spanning all over the visible spectrum. Solid‐state temperature‐dependent photophysical measurements and Time‐dependent density‐functional theory calculations have been conducted to identify the relaxation pathways lying in these assemblies. Very importantly, thermal stability studies at high temperature for all these derivatives reveal an irreversible post‐synthetic solid‐state transition that impacts dramatically the photophysical properties of these newly obtained phases, highlighting an innovative family of stimuli‐sensitive materials that can witness the exceeding of critical temperatures in their environment.
Dynamic Dipole Moment of Luminescent Liquid Crystals Enabled Highly Efficient Active Waveguide Materials Design and Synthesis
Authors: Chen Jin‐Kang , Cao Yu , Joy Akhila , Li Jie , Hao Tian‐Tian , Huang Jiang , Li Xiao , Liu Feng , Xie He‐Lou 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOrganic optical waveguide materials have attracted considerable attention for their promising applications in photonic and optoelectronic devices. However, for most materials, excellent light‐loss properties at high temperature cannot be obtained due to many factors. Consequently, realizing efficient optical waveguide materials that perform well at elevated temperatures remains a significant challenge. In this study, relying on the luminescent properties and self‐assembly properties of luminescent liquid crystals (LLCs), successfully fabricated materials are present for highly efficient active optical waveguides. A systematically synthesized set of LLCs with different structures is named according to the substituent type and the position of the cyano group, namely α‐DECN, α‐DEEOCN, β‐DECN, and β‐DEEOCN. Notably, α‐DECN and β‐DECN reveal hexagonal columnar phase, while α‐DEEOCN and β‐DEEOCN exhibit smectic phase. Optical waveguide experiments have revealed that the obtained LLCs showed highly efficient optical waveguide behavior, where the lowest light loss reached 0.15 dB mm−1 at room temperature. Remarkably, these LLCs show even lower light loss at high temperatures, with the light loss reaching 0.11 dB mm−1 as the lowest point. Further experimental results indicate that this phenomenon is attributed to the change in the dipole moment of these molecules. This research forms a significant groundwork for advanced exploration in optical waveguide material.
Innovative Strategies Toward Compact, Highly Stretchable, and Fully Transient Primary Batteries with Enhanced Electrical Output for Wearable Electronics
Authors: Wen Zhaoyu , Lin Jingsen , Yuan Qunyao , Guo Mengnan , Hou Junyu , Liu Yanyan , Zhao Jie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBalancing stretchability and degradability in batteries based on the primary battery principle, while maintaining robust discharging performance, poses a significant challenge for sustainable wearable technologies. Current reports adopting a layered stack structure often suffer from inadequate interlayer adhesion, leading to problems such as out‐of‐plane bending and delamination, as well as insufficient power density and energy density. In this context, a novel and straightforward methodology is introduced, employing in situ oxidation of molybdenum foil, a customized kirigami‐island‐bridge (KIB) structure, and an overall cast molding technique. This approach facilitates the integration of degradable primary batteries with enhanced power density (3.41 mW cm−2) and energy density (3.54 mWh cm−2). Furthermore, the battery sustains an output of 50 µA cm−2 under cyclic 20% strain stretching for ≈3 h, showcasing its specific stretchability performance, and is successfully implemented in sensors for real‐time monitoring of body movements. This study presents a novel approach to the development of wearable, biodegradable, and medical electronics, offering potential pathways for sustainable technological advancement.