bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing the effects of offset and non‐offset circle hooks on catch rates of fish and sea turtles in a shallow longline fishery
Authors: Swimmer Yonat , Arauz Randall , Wang John , Suter Jenny , Musyl Michael , Bolaños Allan , López Andrés 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
This study compared the catch rates of targeted dolphinfish or mahimahi (Coryphaena hippurus), and sea turtles and other fish bycatch in a shallow‐set Costa Rican longline fishery using 14/0 circle hooks with and without a 10° offset. The effect of hook offset on hooking location and injury in captured sea turtles, specifically if the hooking was external, in the mouth, or in the esophagus was also evaluated.
Results were compared from six trips totalling 33 876 hooks with squid (Dosidicus gigas) used as bait. In total, mahimahi catch‐per‐unit‐effort (CPUE, expressed as number caught per 1000 hooks) was similar between hook types (CPUE∼52).
Olive ridley sea turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) were caught on all 42 sets. In total, 640 olive ridley turtles were caught and released alive. There were no significant differences in the number of sea turtles caught between hooks with and without an offset (CPUE∼19) nor between hook type and anatomical hooking location, suggesting similar levels of injury for turtles caught on each hook type.
These data suggest that a 10° offset on 14/0 circle hooks does not confer any selective advantages over hooks with no offset with respect to capture rates of mahimahi, sea turtles, sharks, or pelagic stingrays in a shallow set pelagic longline fishery. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Aberrant Expressions of Nuclear Matrix Proteins During the Apoptosis of Human Osteosarcoma Cells
Authors: Zhao Zhen‐Li , Li Qi‐Fu , Zheng Yan‐Bin , Chen Lan‐Ying , Shi Song‐Lin , Jing Guang‐Jun 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate altered expressions of nuclear matrix proteins (NMPs) of human osteosarcoma (OS) MG‐63 cells during curcumin‐induced apoptosis of human OS MG‐63 cells. MG‐63 cells were cultured with curcumin (7.5 mg/L) for 72 hr. Morphological alterations of cells were captured using light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, and cell cycle distribution was estimated by flow cytometry. NMPs were selectively extracted and subjected to two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis (2‐DE) analysis. Western blots were performed to determine changes in the expression levels of specific NMPs. The results demonstrated that typical characteristics of apoptosis were observed. Cellular chromatin agglutinated, cell nuclei condensed, and apoptotic bodies were formed after treatment with curcumin. The 2‐DE results displayed 27 NMPs, 21 of which were identified to have change in expression levels significantly during apoptosis. The altered expressions of three of these NMPs (nucleophosmin, prohibitin, and vimentin) were further confirmed by immunoblotting. These findings indicated that the apoptosis of MG‐63 cells was accompanied by the expression alteration of NMPs. Our results might help to reveal the relationship between NMPs and the regulation of gene expression in the process of apoptosis, as well as provide the basic concepts for future studies on the mechanisms of apoptosis and the therapy for bone diseases. Anat Rec, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Role of the leucine‐rich repeat domain of cryopyrin/NALP3 in monosodium urate crystal–induced inflammation in mice
Authors: Hoffman Hal M. , Scott Peter , Mueller James L. , Misaghi Amir , Stevens Sean , Yancopoulos George D. , Murphy Andrew , Valenzuela David M. , Liu‐Bryan Ru 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectiveThe mechanism by which monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU) crystals intracellularly activate the cryopyrin inflammasome is unknown. The aim of this study was to use a mouse molecular genetics–based approach to test whether the leucine‐rich repeat (LRR) domain of cryopyrin is required for MSU crystal–induced inflammation.MethodsCryopyrin‐knockout lacZ (Cryo−Z/−Z) mice and mice with the cryopyrin LRR domain deleted and fused to the lacZ reporter (CryoΔLRR Z/ΔLRR Z) were generated using bacterial artificial chromosome–based targeting vectors, which allow for large genomic deletions. Bone marrow–derived macrophages from CryoΔLRR Z/ΔLRR Z mice, Cryo−Z/−Z mice, and congenic wild‐type (WT) mice were challenged with endotoxin‐free MSU crystals under serum‐free conditions. Phagocytosis and cytokine expression were assessed by flow cytometry and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. MSU crystals also were injected into mouse synovial‐like subcutaneous air pouches. The in vivo inflammatory responses were examined.ResultsRelease of interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), but not CXCL1 and tumor necrosis factor α, was impaired in CryoΔLRR Z/ΔLRR Z and Cryo−Z/−Z mouse bone marrow–derived macrophages compared with WT mouse bone marrow–derived macrophages in response to not only MSU crystals but also other known stimuli that activate the cryopyrin inflammasome. In addition, a comparable percentage of MSU crystals taken up by each type of bone marrow–derived macrophage was observed. Moreover, total leukocyte infiltration in the air pouch and IL‐1β production were attenuated in Cryo−Z/−Z and CryoΔLRR Z/ΔLRR Z mice at 6 hours postinjection of MSU crystals compared with WT mice.ConclusionMSU crystal–induced inflammatory responses were comparably attenuated both in vitro and in vivo in CryoΔLRR Z/ΔLRR Z and Cryo−Z/−Z mice. Hence, the LRR domain of cryopyrin plays a role in mediating MSU crystal–induced inflammation in this model.
Subchondral bone and cartilage damage: A prospective study in older adults
Authors: Doré Dawn , Quinn Stephen , Ding Changhai , Winzenberg Tania , Cicuttini Flavia , Jones Graeme 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectiveThere is limited longitudinal evidence relating subchondral bone changes to cartilage damage and loss. The aim of this study was to describe the association between baseline tibial bone area and tibial subchondral bone mineral density (BMD) with tibial cartilage defect development and cartilage volume loss.MethodsA total of 341 subjects (mean age 63 years, range 52–79 years) underwent measurement at baseline and ∼2.7 years later. Tibial knee cartilage volume, cartilage defects (graded on a scale of 0–4), and bone area were determined using T1‐weighted fat suppression magnetic resonance imaging. Tibial subchondral BMD was determined using dual x‐ray absorptiometry.ResultsIn multivariable analysis, baseline bone area positively predicted cartilage defect development at the medial and lateral tibial sites (odds ratio [OR] 1.6 per 1 SD increase, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.0, 2.6, and OR 2.4 per 1 SD increase, 95% CI 1.4, 4.0, respectively) and cartilage volume loss at the medial tibial site (β = −34.9 per 1 SD increase, 95% CI −49.8, −20.1). In contrast, baseline subchondral BMD positively predicted cartilage defect development at the medial tibial site only (OR 1.6 per 1 SD increase, 95% CI 1.2, 2.1) and was not associated with cartilage loss.ConclusionThe results of this study demonstrated that bone area predicted medial and lateral cartilage defect development and medial cartilage volume loss, while subchondral BMD predicted medial defect development but not cartilage loss. These associations were independent of each other, indicating there are multiple mechanisms by which subchondral bone changes may lead to cartilage damage.
Measuring impact of twelve information scientists using the DCI index
Authors: Ahlgren Per , Järvelin Kalervo 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe Discounted Cumulated Impact (DCI) index has recently been proposed for research evaluation. In the present work an earlier dataset by Cronin and Meho (2007) is reanalyzed, with the aim of exemplifying the salient features of the DCI index. We apply the index on, and compare our results to, the outcomes of the Cronin‐Meho (2007) study. Both authors and their top publications are used as units of analysis, which suggests that, by adjusting the parameters of evaluation according to the needs of research evaluation, the DCI index delivers data on an author's (or publication's) “lifetime” impact or current impact at the time of evaluation on an author's (or publication's) capability of inviting citations from highly cited later publications as an indication of impact, and on the relative impact across a set of authors (or publications) over their “lifetime” or currently.
Efficient Preparation of Photoswitchable Dithienylethene‐Linker‐Conjugates by Palladium‐Catalyzed Coupling Reactions of Terminal Alkynes with Thienyl Chlorides and Other Aryl Halides
Authors: Zastrow Marc , Thyagarajan Sujatha , Ahmed Saleh A. , Haase Paul , Seedorff Sabine , Gelman Dmitri , Wachtveitl Josef , Galoppini Elena , Rück‐Braun Karola 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThree photochromic dithienylethene‐linker‐conjugates with an adamantane core containing different spacer lengths and footprint areas with carboxylic anchoring groups are synthesized. The synthetic routes start either from the ethynylene‐linker 5 or the iodo‐substituted linker 8. Reaction conditions for the final Sonogashira coupling step between ethynylene‐linker 5 with the chloro‐substituted dithienylethene 4 in the presence of [PdCl2(CH3CN)2]/X‐Phos and Cs2CO3 or K3PO4 are optimized using 2‐chloro‐5‐methylthiophene (9) and triethylsilylacetylene or triisopropylsilylacetylene (10a, 10b,) as model compounds. Experimental conditions are found to suppress the activation of the C(sp)Si bond in TIPS‐acetylene 10b, a reaction leading to a subsequent cross‐coupling reaction to form by‐product 12. Furthermore, activation of the C(sp)Si bond in the presence of the fluorinated backbone of the chloro‐substituted dithienylethene 4 can also be prevented. The photochromic properties of the conjugate 3 and its precursor dithienylethene 7b are also investigated.
Photoautotrophic nutrient utilization and limitation during semi‐continuous growth of Synechocystis sp. PCC6803
Authors: Kim Hyun Woo , Vannela Raveender , Zhou Chao , Harto Chris , Rittmann Bruce E. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractMicrobial photosynthesis presents a valuable opportunity to capture abundant light energy to produce renewable bioenergy and biomaterials. To understand the factors that control the productivity of photosynthetic microorganisms, we conducted a series of semi‐continuous experiments using bench‐scale photobioreactor (PBR) systems, the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC6803 (PCC6803), and light conditions imitating actual day–night light irradiance (LI). Our results demonstrate that using normal BG‐11 medium resulted in severe phosphate (Pi) limitation for continuous operation. Mitigation of Pi‐limitation, by augmenting the Pi content of BG‐11, allowed higher biomass productivity; however, once Pi‐limitation was alleviated, limitation by inorganic carbon (Ci) or LI occurred. Ci‐limitation was detected by a low total Ci concentration (<5 mg C/L) and high and fluctuating pH. Ci‐limitation was relieved by delivering more CO2, which led to a stable pH in the range of 7–9 and at least 5 mg/L of Ci in HCO. LI limitation, evidenced by an average LI <14 W/m2 for PCC6803, was induced by a high biomass concentration of 1,300 mg/L. Thus, this work provides quantitative tools of stoichiometry and kinetics to evaluate limitation on PBRs. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;106: 553–563. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Quantitative modeling of viable cell density, cell size, intracellular conductivity, and membrane capacitance in batch and fed‐batch CHO processes using dielectric spectroscopy
Authors: Opel Cary F. , Li Jincai , Amanullah Ashraf 
Published: March 2010

AbstractDielectric spectroscopy was used to analyze typical batch and fed‐batch CHO cell culture processes. Three methods of analysis (linear modeling, Cole–Cole modeling, and partial least squares regression), were used to correlate the spectroscopic data with routine biomass measurements [viable packed cell volume, viable cell concentration (VCC), cell size, and oxygen uptake rate (OUR)]. All three models predicted offline biomass measurements accurately during the growth phase of the cultures. However, during the stationary and decline phases of the cultures, the models decreased in accuracy to varying degrees. Offline cell radius measurements were unsuccessfully used to correct for the deviations from the linear model, indicating that physiological changes affecting permittivity were occurring. The β‐dispersion was analyzed using the Cole–Cole distribution parameters Δε (magnitude of the permittivity drop), fc (critical frequency), and α (Cole–Cole parameter). Furthermore, the dielectric parameters static internal conductivity (σi) and membrane capacitance per area (Cm) were calculated for the cultures. Finally, the relationship between permittivity, OUR, and VCC was examined, demonstrating how the definition of viability is critical when analyzing biomass online. The results indicate that the common assumptions of constant size and dielectric properties used in dielectric analysis are not always valid during later phases of cell culture processes. The findings also demonstrate that dielectric spectroscopy, while not a substitute for VCC, is a complementary measurement of viable biomass, providing useful auxiliary information about the physiological state of a culture. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010
Characterization of cell‐banking parameters for the cryopreservation of mammalian cell lines in 100‐mL cryobags
Authors: Heidemann Rüdiger , Lünse Svenja , Tran Doan , Zhang Chun 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis article describes a cell banking process for rBHK cell lines in 100‐mL cryobags. As the use of larger volume cell banks requires greater cell numbers and longer preparation time, extensive characterization of key process parameters beyond the conventional ranges was performed to support a cGMP banking process. All experiments were conducted using two recombinant BHK21 cell lines, one of them cotransfected with Hsp70. The results show that the entire cell banking process for these BHK cell lines can be performed at room temperature. A DMSO exposure time up to 5 h either directly in a bioreactor or in shaker flasks did not result in any significant negative effect after cell thaw, when the cryocontainers were frozen immediately after filling. Extensive characterization did not indicate any significant apoptotic effects after thaw. However, the Hsp70 cotransfected cell line did show a slightly better protection from potential cryopreservation‐induced apoptosis. Surprisingly, it was found that cells transferred into cryobags showed a low recovery rate after thaw if the incubation time exceeded 1.5 h before freezing. Additional experiments confirmed that the DMSO exposure time inside the cryocontainer in contrast to the DMSO exposure in a reactor or shaker flasks is much more critical. The cryobag cell banking process should therefore be performed within a 1½–2 h window; a banking process for vials should not exceed 2½ h. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010
Impact of the C‐terminal Disulfide Bond on the Folding and Stability of Onconase
Authors: Schulenburg Cindy , Weininger Ulrich , Neumann Piotr , Meiselbach Heike , Stubbs Milton T. , Sticht Heinrich , Balbach Jochen , Ulbrich‐Hofmann Renate , Arnold Ulrich 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe two homologous proteins ribonuclease A and onconase fold through conserved initial contacts but differ significantly in their thermodynamic stability. A disulfide bond is located in the folding initiation site of onconase (the C‐terminal part of the protein molecule) that is missing in ribonuclease A, whereas the other three disulfide bonds of onconase are conserved in ribonuclease A. Consequently, the deletion of this C‐terminal disulfide bond (C87–C104) allows the impact of the contacts in this region on the folding of onconase to be studied. We found the C87A/C104A‐onconase variant to be less active and less stable than the wild‐type protein, whereas the tertiary structure, which was determined by both X‐ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy, was only marginally affected. The folding kinetics of the variant, however, were found to be changed considerably in comparison to wild‐type onconase. Proton exchange experiments in combination with two‐dimensional NMR spectroscopy revealed differences in the native‐state dynamics of the two proteins in the folding initiation site, which are held responsible for the changed folding mechanism. Likewise, the molecular dynamics simulation of the unfolding reaction indicated disparities for both proteins. Our results show that the high stability of onconase is based on the efficient stabilization of the folding initiation site by the C‐terminal disulfide bond. The formation of the on‐pathway intermediate, which is detectable during the folding of the wild‐type protein and promotes the fast and efficient refolding reaction, requires the presence of this covalent bond.
The immediate release patch in the correction of experimental atrial septal defects
Authors: Sideris Basilios , Sideris Eleftherios , Calachanis Marco , Papantoniou Vasilios , Moulopoulos Spiridon 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the Immediate Release Patch (IRP) in the occlusion of experimental Atrial Septal Defects (ASDs). Background: The IRP consists of a polyurethane foam patch, supported by a balloon catheter which incorporates a detaching mechanism. This mechanism allows for withdrawal of the catheter from the balloon/patch complex. After release, the device is held in position using a bioabsorbable safety thread, which is sutured subcutaneously at the groin. Methods: Experimental ASDs, 10–14 mm in diameter, were created in ten piglets. The ASDs were then corrected using IRPs 12–16 mm in diameter, under fluoroscopy and echocardiography. The animals were followed for one to four months, and were then euthanized and autopsied. A RAST test, which detects the presence of IgE antibodies for latex, was performed in seven animals. Results: All procedures, except for one, resulted in full occlusion of the defects, without serious complications. No devices embolized, and in less than two months, the balloons had deflated and the area of the device had decreased significantly. The autopsies revealed complete endothelialization as well as no thrombus formation on the device or the thread. The thread was absorbed after one month. In a single case, infection was detected on the right side of the device. Latex antibodies were not detected. Conclusion: The IRP was effective and safe in the animal model of an ASD. There was evidence of bio‐absorption of the complete device over time, without adverse reaction to latex. Clinical application is justified. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Complete resolution of systemic venous baffle obstruction and baffle leak using the gore excluder® covered stent in two patients with transposition of the great arteries and prior mustard procedure
Authors: Hill Kevin D. , Fudge J. Curt , Rhodes John F. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe present two patients with a history of Mustard repair of transposition of the great arteries. Both patients presented with exertional limitation and demonstrated superior systemic venous baffle obstruction as well as multiple baffle leaks. In both patients stent relief of obstruction and baffle leak exclusion was accomplished using a combination of bare metal stents and the aortic extension portion of the Gore Excluder® covered stent (W.L. Gore and Associates, Flagstaff, Arizona). © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Entrapping Flavin‐Containing Monooxygenase on Corrugated Silica Nanospheres and their Recyclable Biocatalytic Activities
Authors: Biradar Archana A. , Biradar Ankush V. , Asefa Tewodros 
Published: March 2010

AbstractSynthetic methods and biocatalytic activities of new classes of heterogeneous biocatalysts by immobilizing flavin‐containing monooxygenase on corrugated and nanoporous silica nanospheres are reported. The nanoporous and corrugated silica nanospheres are synthesized by etching silica nanospheres with aqueous KOH solution. The etched nanospheres are proven to have increased surface area, corrugated, cage‐like external surfaces, and, most importantly, more accessible and well‐suited surfaces to immobilize bigger molecules, such as enzymes. Furthermore, the etched silica nanospheres contain hydrophilic and silanol groups that are conducive for anchoring enzymes. By utilizing the structures of the etched silica nanospheres, effective immobilization of flavin‐containing monooxygenase 1 (FMO1) is demonstrated. The FMO1 immobilized etched silica nanospheres have shown efficient and recyclable biocatalytic activity for nicotine oxidation.
CH‐Directed Anion–π Interactions in the Crystals of Pentafluorobenzyl‐Substituted Ammonium and Pyridinium Salts
Authors: Albrecht Markus , Müller Michael , Mergel Olga , Rissanen Kari , Valkonen Arto 
Published: March 2010

AbstractSimple pentafluorobenzyl‐substituted ammonium and pyridinium salts with different anions can be easily obtained by treatment of the parent amine or pyridine with the respective pentafluorobenzyl halide. Hexafluorophosphate is introduced as the anion by salt metathesis. In the case of the ammonium salt 4, water co‐crystallisation seems to suppress effective anion–π interactions of bromide with the electron‐deficient aromatic system, whereas with salts 5 and 6 such interactions are observed despite the presence of water. However, due to asymmetric hydrogen‐bonding interactions with ammonium side chains, the anion of 5 is located close to the rim of the pentafluorophenyl group (η1 interaction). In 6 the CH–anion hydrogen bonding is more symmetric and fixes the anion on top of the ring (η6). A similar structure‐controlling effect is observed in case of the 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane derivatives 7. Here the position of the anion (Cl, Br, I) is shifted according to the length of the weak CH–halide interaction. The hexafluorophosphate 7 d reveals that this “non‐coordinating” anion can be located on top of an aromatic π system. In the methyl‐substituted pyridinium salts 9 and 10 different locations of the bromide anions with respect to the π system are observed. This is due to different conformations of the mono‐ versus disubstituted pyridine, which leads to different directions of the weak, but structurally important, HMeBr bonds.
ChemInform Abstract: Aroylguanidine‐Based Factor Xa Inhibitors: The Discovery of BMS‐344577.
Authors: Shi Yan , et al. et al. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Advances in Organometallic Reagents for Commercial Scale API Synthesis
Authors: Hewitt Christopher D. , Matos Karl 
Published: March 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Strategies for Increasing the Efficiency of Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells: Material Selection and Device Architecture
Authors: Heremans Paul , Cheyns David , Rand Barry P. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.