bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Multicenter, Retrospective Outcome Analysis of Vancomycin Area Under the Curve Versus Trough-Based Dosing Strategies in Patients With Burn OR Inhalational Injuries (MONITOR)
Authors: Santos Richard M , Boyd Allison N , Walroth Todd A , Hall Alexandria , King Jessie , Ahiskali Aileen , Walter Ellen , Neumann Nichole , Curry Dominick , Hoyte Brittany , Thomas Wendy , Adams Beatrice , Tran Nicolas , Gleason Vanessa M , Drabick Zachary , DeWitt Alexandra , Suarez Justin , Prazak Ann Marie B , Disney Kathryn A , Hill David M 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic that requires close therapeutic monitoring. Prolonged exposure to elevated concentrations increases risk for serious adverse effects such as nephrotoxicity. However, subtherapeutic concentrations may lead to bacterial resistance and clinical failure or death. The most recent Infectious Diseases Society of America publication regarding therapeutic monitoring of vancomycin recommends using area under the curve (AUC)-based monitoring to maximize clinical success. Despite the guideline recommendation for AUC-guided dosing, many institutions still use trough-only monitoring in their practices, including those caring for patients with acute burn injuries. Following burn injury, patients are at a higher risk for infections, multiorgan failure, and pharmacokinetic alterations. The primary objective of this multicenter retrospective study is to determine optimal therapeutic monitoring of vancomycin by comparing clinical success between AUC and trough-based monitoring in patients with burns. MONITOR was a multicenter, retrospective study of patients with thermal or inhalation injury admitted to one of 13 burn centers from January 1, 2017 to August 31, 2022 who received vancomycin. Demographic and clinical course data, including acute kidney injury (AKI) incidence and clinical success, were obtained. Patients were evaluated for clinical success and grouped according to method of monitoring and adjusting doses: AUC vs trough-based monitoring. Clinical success was a composite definition and lack of meeting any 1 of 5 criteria: (1) persistent infection, (2) relapse, (3) antibiotic failure (clinical worsening), (4) AKI, and (5) death. A total of 517 vancomycin courses were assessed from 485 patients. There was no difference in the rate of clinical success between AUC monitored and the trough-only monitored groups. Incidence of AKI was higher in the trough-only group; however, it was not statistically significant after controlling for renal function on admission, past medical history of chronic kidney disease, and concomitant nephrotoxins.
Parathyroid hormone-related peptide induced hypercalcemia of pregnancy due to mammary hyperplasia
Authors: Jodeh Wade , Sparks Payton J , Higgins Jasmine M , Tom Alan , Anilovich Natanie , Moit Harley , Korff Lisa , Hadad Ivan , Wang Xiaoyan , Imel Erik A , Donegan Diane M 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Maternal Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein (PTHrP) is involved in the placental transport of calcium. Autonomous overproduction of PTHrP is a rare cause of hypercalcemia in pregnancy. Prior cases of PTHrP-induced hypercalcemia in pregnancy have been managed with either dopamine agonists, fetal delivery, termination of pregnancy, or mastectomy. However, PTHrP level normalization following mastectomy has not previously been documented. Herein, we present a 39-year-old female hospitalized at 19 weeks of gestation for acute encephalopathy due to PTHrP induced hypercalcemic crisis (calcium 15.8 mg/dL, PTHrp 46.5 pmol/L [normal 0-3.4]). Mammary hyperplasia resulting in gigantomastia significantly impaired her ability to ambulate and perform activities of daily living. She remained hypercalcemic during hospitalization despite aggressive hydration, calcitonin, and 2 weeks of dopamine agonist treatment. Bisphosphonate therapy was not administered due to pregnancy and potential effects on the fetus. Our patient underwent bilateral mastectomy along with excision of a large axillary mass. The pathology of all three specimens revealed mammary stromal hyperplasia. PTHrP was undetectable on post-op day 2 and calcium normalized by post-op day 3. At discharge, she was able to ambulate independently. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of PTHrP induced hypercalcemia related to gigantomastia, documenting resolution of hypercalcemia, and PTHrP levels following mastectomy. Mastectomy is a potential option in the second trimester for pregnant patients with PTHrP induced severe hypercalcemia due to gigantomastia, refractory to treatment with dopamine agonist therapy.
The SNR of idealized radial velocity signals
Authors: Kipping David , Wang Xian-Yu 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
One of the most basic quantities relevant to planning observations and assessing detection bias is the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Remarkably, the SNR of an idealized radial velocity (RV) signal has not been previously derived beyond scaling behaviours and ignoring orbital eccentricity. In this work, we derive the RV SNR for three relevant cases to observers. First, we consider a single mass orbiting a star, revealing the expected result that $\mathrm{SNR}\propto K \sqrt{T}$, where T is the observing window, but an additional dependence on eccentricity and argument of periastron. We show that the RV method is biased towards companions with their semimajor axes aligned to the observer, which is physically intuitive, but also less obviously that the marginalized bias to eccentricity is negligible until one reaches very high eccentricities. Secondly, we derive the SNR necessary to discriminate eccentric companions from 2:1 resonance circular orbits, although our result is only valid for eccentricities $e\lesssim 0.3$. We find that the discriminatory SNR is $\tfrac{9}{8} e^2 (1-e^2)^{-1/2}$ times that of the eccentric planet solution’s SNR, and is thus typically an order of magnitude less. Finally, we have obtained a semi-empirical expression for the SNR of the idealized Rossiter–McLaughlin (RM) effect, revealing the bias with respect to spin–orbit alignment angle. Our formula is valid to within 10 per cent accuracy in 95.45 per cent of the training samples used (for $b\le 0.8$), but larger deviations occur when comparing to different RM models.
Isotope studies of presolar silicon carbide grains from supernovae: new constraints for hydrogen-ingestion supernova models
Authors: Hoppe Peter , Leitner Jan , Pignatari Marco , Amari Sachiko 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
We report isotope data for C, N, Al, Si, and S of 33 presolar SiC and Si3N4 grains (0.3–1.6 $\mu$m) of Type X, C, D, and N from the Murchison CM2 meteorite of likely core-collapse supernova (CCSN) origin which we discuss together with data of six SiC X grains from an earlier study. The isotope data are discussed in the context of hydrogen ingestion supernova (SN) models. We have modified previously used ad-hoc mixing schemes in that we considered (i) heterogeneous H ingestion into the He shell of the pre-SN star, (ii) a variable C-N fractionation for the condensation of SiC grains in the SN ejecta, and (iii) smaller mass units for better fine-tuning. With our modified ad-hoc mixing approach over small scales (0.2–0.4 M⊙), with major contributions from the O-rich O/nova zone, we find remarkably good fits (within a few per cent) for 12C/13C, 26Al/27Al, and 29Si/28Si ratios. The 14N/15N ratio of SiC grains can be well matched if variable C-N fractionation is considered. However, the Si3N4 isotope data point to overproduction of 15N in hydrogen ingestion CCSN models and lower C-N fractionation during SiC condensation than applied here. Our ad-hoc mixing approach based on current CCSN models suggests that the O-rich O/nova zone, which uniquely combines explosive H- and He-burning signatures, is favourable for SiC and Si3N4 formation. The effective range of C/O abundance variations in the He shell triggered by H ingestion events in the massive star progenitor is currently not well constrained and needs further investigation.
Effect of Low-Fat Diet on Depression Score in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials
Authors: Soltani Sepideh , Sangsefidi‬ Zohreh Sadat , Asoudeh Farzaneh , Torabynasab Kimia , Zeraattalab-Motlagh Sheida , Hejazi Mahdi , Khalighi Sikaroudi Masoumeh , Meshkini Fatemeh , Razmpoosh Elham , Abdollahi Shima 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Context
Current evidence on the effect of a low-fat (LF) diet on depression scores has been inconsistent.

Objective
To explore the effect of an LF diet on depression scores of adults by systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Data Sources
The PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and CENTRAL databases were searched from inception to June 7, 2023, to identify trials investigating the effect of an LF diet (fat intake ≤30% of energy intake) on the depression score.

Data Extraction
Random-effects meta-analyses were used to estimate pooled summary effects of an LF diet on the depression score (as Hedges g).

Data Analysis
Finding from 10 trials with 50 846 participants indicated no significant change in depression score following LF diets in comparison with usual diet (Hedges g = −0.11; 95% CI, −0.25 to 0.03; P = 0.12; I2 = 70.7% [for I2, 95% CI, 44%, 85%]). However, a significant improvement was observed in both usual diet and LF diets when the content of protein was 15-20% of calorie intake (LF, normal protein diet: n = 5, Hedges g = −0.21, 95% CI, −0.24 to −0.01, P = 0.04, I2 = 0%; usual, normal protein diet: n = 3, Hedges g = −0.28, 95% CI, −0.51 to −0.05, P = 0.01, I2 = 0%). Sensitivity analysis also found the depression score improved following LF diet intervention in participants without baseline depression.

Conclusion
This study revealed that LF diet may have small beneficial effect on depression score in the studies enrolled mentally healthy participants. Moreover, achieving to adequate dietary protein is likely to be a better intervention than manipulating dietary fat to improve depression scores. However, it is not clear whether this effect will last in the long term. Conducting more studies may change the results due to the low-certainty of evidence.

Systematic Review Registration
CRD42023420978 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO).
Evaluating Validated Diet Quality Indices Used in Pregnant Women in High-Income Countries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ooi Kee June , Taylor Rachael M , Fenton Sasha , Hutchesson Melinda J , Collins Clare E 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Context
Diet quality indices (DQIs) assess the level of adherence to dietary recommendations and a specified dietary pattern in populations; however, there is limited evidence regarding the construct criteria and validation methodology of DQIs used in pregnant women.

Objectives
The objectives of this study were to (i) identify and describe characteristics of DQIs that have been validated for use in pregnant women in high-income countries, and (ii) evaluate criteria used to develop DQIs and validation methodologies employed.

Data Sources
CINAHL, Embase, Medline, SCOPUS, and Web of Science were systematically searched for eligible articles published between 1980 and November 2022 that focused on DQIs validated for use in pregnant women from high-income countries.

Data Extraction
Characteristics, development criteria, and validation methodologies used in the included articles were extracted by one reviewer and checked by a second reviewer.

Data Analysis
A narrative synthesis and descriptive statistics were used to summarize the review findings. Reporting was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement.

Results
Six articles with 5 validated DQIs were identified. In total, 3777 participants were included – five articles had pregnant women aged 31–50 years and in their second trimester. Food frequency questionnaires were used as the dietary assessment method in all studies, and 3 DQIs were used to assess dietary intake at 1 time point, using 2 different dietary assessment methods. No indices fulfilled preferred features for the DQI development criteria developed by Burggraf et al (2018). Construct validity was assessed by all DQIs, followed by criterion validity (n = 4) and test–retest reliability (n = 2).

Conclusion
Limited high-quality validated DQIs for use in pregnant women in high-income countries were identified. Scoring for DQI components were not specific to nutrient requirements for pregnant women. Findings from this review may inform the development of DQIs that evaluate specific dietary requirements and specific food safety considerations applicable to pregnancy.

Systematic Review Registration
https://osf.io/u2hrq.
Boundary-Crossing from a Perspective of -ness
Authors: Fung C. Victor , Ma Danxu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The meaning of boundary is here explored from different disciplinary perspectives. Boundaries exist in many complex and diverse forms. By shaping one’s identity and awareness, they affect one’s choices and actions. In boundary-crossing, one seeks to retain the distinctive qualities deriving from one’s own background while expanding and complementing them with desirable qualities from beyond one’s earlier cultural experience. The suffix -ness is adopted to characterize the meanings and phenomena encountered beyond one’s native cultural milieu, expanding from one’s own -ness to include others’ -ness in thinking, behaving, and living. By boundary-crossing, one gains a reciprocal understanding of the world that is both similar to and different from the self. A state of boundarylessness is pursued, in the context of music education as in other cultural environments, through constant efforts to exercise flexibility in one’s thought and actions.
Qin
Authors: Yip Mingmei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The phrase qindao (琴道: Way of the qin) denotes both the method of playing the instrument and the philosophy it embodies. The Dao means both the method and ultimate reality. In this chapter, the author discusses the philosophy of Daoism and how Daoists play the qin, or guqin, as a means to nurture life and relax into harmony. Thus, beyond making music, the qin was considered a means of attaining a transcendent state of clarity, of harmony with the Dao. With the recent surge in popularity of the qin, conservatory training has introduced a different style of teaching and playing. In contrast to the traditional literati style that values delicate sentiments, subtle vibrato fingerings, and loose, spontaneous, free rhythm, conservatory-trained qin musicians emphasize precise rhythm, clear musical phrases, and loud volume. While the traditional styles persist, historically, new ones have become increasingly common.
Confucianism in Korean Traditional Music
Authors: Kim Yong Hee 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Confucianism was a basis of traditional music during the Joseon period (1392–1910) in Korea. In Confucianism, music was an important tool to cultivate people from the inside. Court and Pungryu music in particular were examples of music faithful to the Confucian philosophical perspective. After the fall of the Ming dynasty in China in 1644, Joseon claimed to be the successor of Confucian rituals and music. In this chapter, the author presents the Confucian viewpoint of music and how some examples of Joseon music were reflective of it. The tradition of Confucian music faced a crisis when Western music was imported into Korea and the Joseon dynasty was overthrown. However, through the efforts of court musicians and their successors, court and Pungryu music has been well preserved to this day. Various conceptions of music and music education in contemporary South Korea still share commonalities with Confucian philosophy.
Sports, Tourism, and History
Authors: Lewis Robert W. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Sports and tourism have been intertwined since their modern origins in the mid-eighteenth century. They both first emerged in Western Europe and quickly expanded beyond their European origins to become truly global activities. Sports tourism—from the displacements of athletes and spectators for competitions to the individual holidays revolving around recreational sport, outdoor pursuits, or other fitness-related activities—surged in popularity over the course of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, involving a wide range of local, regional, and national actors and institutions, and reflecting and shaping practices, cultures, and identities. This chapter traces the historical trajectory of sporting tourism and explores several examples ranging from the history of the team “sporting tour” to individual activities such as surfing and skiing, before sketching the possibilities and concerns for historians of sporting tourism.
Hebrews, the Catholic Epistles, and the Canon
Authors: Lockett Darian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This essay examines the process by which Hebrews and the Catholic Epistles acquired canonical status. Because most of these texts were considered antilegomena by Eusebius, the essay especially stresses that their reception into the New Testament canon was as part of larger canonical collections—Hebrews as part of the Pauline letter collection and the Catholic Epistles as a self-contained collection. For both Hebrews and the Catholic Epistles, the essay examines reception in the early church, appearance in early canon lists, and attestation in the early manuscript tradition, all of which constitute the evidence of canonization of these early Christian texts.
Hebrews and the Atonement
Authors: Moffitt David M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Hebrews is often read as highlighting the death and exaltation of Jesus while downplaying or ignoring his resurrection. The event of Jesus’s crucifixion is assumed to be the sacrifice whereby he made atonement. When, therefore, the author says that Jesus passed through the heavens as high priest (Heb 4:14), appears now before the Father in the heavenly tabernacle, and offers himself there (Heb 9:24–26), this exaltation language tends to be interpreted as part of a metaphor that draws on the Jewish Day of Atonement in order to explain the soteriological significance of the historical event of Jesus’s death. Such an interpretation comes into question, however, if Jesus’s bodily resurrection is an important assumption for Hebrews’ larger argument about Jesus’s atoning work. Assuming the resurrection, Hebrews’ account of Jesus’s sacrifice and atoning work aligns more coherently with a Pentateuchal account of covenant and the process of Levitical sacrifice than modern interpreters have typically noticed. Jesus now serves in the heavenly holy of holies mediating and maintaining the new covenant by way of his ongoing high-priestly intercession for his people.
2 Peter and Jude
Authors: Williams Travis B. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
While often overlooked in New Testament scholarship, 2 Peter and Jude provide unique insights into the world of early Christianity. This relative neglect is partly on account of their brevity and polemic-filled content, along with the oft-repeated claims that they reflect the emergence of early Catholicism. These pseudonymous epistles, which display an intertextual relationship, represent attempts to mediate theological conflict by polemicizing against their respective opponents. This essay addresses how the letters have been interpreted over the past few decades and details some of the more important interpretive disputes that have arisen. The point of departure is the publication of the groundbreaking commentary of Richard Bauckham, which marked a turning point in scholarship on 2 Peter and Jude and set the interpretive framework for most subsequent treatments. Within the study of Jude, recent interpreters have been divided over the outlook of the author’s opponents, the letter’s use of various source materials, and the identity of the group(s) to whom mercy is directed. As for the study of 2 Peter, the contested issues include the epistle’s relationship to the Apocalypse of Peter, the nature of the scoffers’ objections to the parousia, and the Petrine author’s strategy for responding to these arguments.
Galen’s Clinical Practice
Authors: Mattern Susan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Galen treated both urban and rural patients from a range of social classes. He was physician to the gladiators at Pergamum for four years. Later, from 169, he was employed as paid physician to the imperial household and prepared theriac for the emperor, but this was only a small part of his practice. He treated some patients in their homes, and house calls were part of his daily routine, but patients also came to his clinic at his house. Galen used a range of diagnostic techniques, including taking the pulse and examining bodily fluids. He treated patients with diet and regimen, drugs, surgery, and venesection but probably left most surgical procedures to specialists. He lost his most precious drug ingredients and most of his collection of drug recipes in the fire of 192 CE.
Galenic Medicine in South Asia
Authors: Speziale Fabrizio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines the transmission of Galenic medicine in South Asia, from the late medieval period onward. Moreover, it looks at the forms of adaptation of Galenic concepts and practice in the cultural landscape of South Asia and how the interaction with Hindu scholars and their medical knowledge shaped Galenic studies in this region. The chapter further discusses how, as a result of this interaction with the Indian environment, on the one hand, a number of Muslim Persian-speaking medical writers of the Galenic tradition assimilated into their texts concepts and materials drawn from the Ayurvedic medicine of their Hindu colleagues, and on the other hand, how many generations of Hindu physicians studied medical texts dealing with Galenic medicine through the learning of Persian and Urdu during the Early Modern and colonial periods.
Philosophy, Science, and Psychology
Authors: Singer P. N. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter considers the importance of philosophy to Galen’s work as a scientist and doctor in general and his views on the nature of the mind, or soul, in particular—a topic of underlying importance, in various ways, throughout his work. The first part of the chapter gives an overview of Galen’s engagement with philosophy as a discipline and of the specific significance of particular philosophers, texts, and discussions for distinct areas of Galen’s thought and writing—from logic, through causal and physical theory, to ethics and to the area of philosophy of mind and (in modern terms) psychology and neurology. The second part gives a focused discussion of the latter area, offering an analysis of Galen’s physiologically based theory of the “soul,” and in particular of the way in which it combines previous philosophical models with an anatomically based account in terms of brain function and the various capacities of the body
Galen on Women
Authors: Flemming Rebecca 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter first provides a summary of Galen’s understanding of the female body in health and sickness and of the ways in which he considered it to be both the same as and different from the paradigmatic male body in terms of physiology, anatomy, and disease. An overview of Galen’s therapeutic interactions with women follows, encompassing the gendering of his curative approach in general and his accounts of treating female patients in particular. The main aim is to try to put Galen’s theory and practice into dialogue, to explore how far he delivered on his emphatic commitment to an integrated vision of the medical art across its different parts.