bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of hippocampal progenitor cell survival, proliferation and dendritic development by BDNF
Authors: Choi Se Hoon , Li Yun , Parada Luis F , Sisodia Sangram S 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

Background
Environmental enrichment (EE) is known to enhance BDNF levels and neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus. To examine the role of BDNF in modulating EE-mediated adult hippocampal neurogenesis, we conditionally ablated BDNF expression in the hippocampus (cKO mice) and have assessed proliferation, survival, differentiation and dendritic development of hippocampal progenitors.

Results
We show that while the extent of cell proliferation and neuronal fate differentiation in the hippocampus of cKO mice is not different from wild-type (WT) littermates maintained in either standard or enriched conditions, reduced BDNF levels significantly impaired the survival of newborn cells in both housing conditions. In addition, while highly active enriched WT mice exhibited a robust increase in progenitor cell proliferation, highly active cKO mice showed a modest increase in cell proliferation compared to standard housed or underactive cKO mice.

Conclusions
There results argue that while BDNF plays a role in exercise-induced cell proliferation, other factors must contribute to this phenomenon. We also show that dendritic development was impaired in cKO mice maintained in standard housing conditions, and that EE rescued this phenotype.
Accidental swallowing of partial denture: a case report
Authors: Tanrikulu Yusuf , Erel Serap , Kismet Kemal , Sahin Mefaret , Ortac Evren K , Akkus Mehmet A 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
We describe a 42-year-old age woman who accidentally swallowed her lower denture, which was composed of eleven teeth. The daily descent of the denture was followed by plain abdominal radiography and physical examination. The image was localized at the left upper quadrant on admission day, but it stopped on its way at the right lower quadrant on day two and three. Since the patient's complaints increased we planned surgical removal of the denture. In this report, we had discussed the diagnosis, follow up and treatment options of swallowed partial denture with current literature review.
Migraine vestibulopathy in three families with ıdiopathic scoliosis: a case series
Authors: Uneri Alev , Polat Senol , Aydingoz Onder , Bursali Aysegul 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

Introduction
We assessed clinical and etiological association between vestibular pathology and idiopathic scoliosis concerning seven members of three families with idiopathic scoliosis.

Case presentation
The families were referred to neurotology center for evaluation of balance problems. Patients were evaluated thorough anamnesis to relevant vestibular and audiological studies in addition to idiopathic scoliosis assessment. All evaluated scoliotic patients had clinical manifestations of vestibular dysfunctions and migrainous headache. All of the scoliotic patients (seven patients) in these three families were diagnosed as migraine vestibulopathy.

Conclusion
With the presentation of these three families, we discussed the probable role of the vestibular dysfunctions including migraine vestibulopathy in the development and progression of idiopathic scoliosis.
Phase II Study of Clofarabine Monotherapy in Previously Untreated Older Adults With Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Unfavorable Prognostic Factors
Authors: Kantarjian Hagop M. , Erba Harry P. , Claxton David , Arellano Martha , Lyons Roger M. , Kovascovics Tibor , Gabrilove Janice , Craig Michael , Douer Dan , Maris Michael , Petersdorf Stephen , Shami Paul J. , Yeager Andrew M. , Eckert Stephen , Abichandani Rekha , Faderl Stefan 
Published: December 2009

Purpose This phase II study assessed clofarabine monotherapy in older adults (≥ 60 years of age) with untreated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and at least one unfavorable baseline prognostic factor. Patients and Methods Clofarabine was administered intravenously for 5 days at 30 mg/m2/d during induction and 20 mg/m2/d during reinduction/consolidation (six cycles maximum). The primary end point was overall remission rate (ORR; ie, complete remission [CR] plus CR with incomplete platelet recovery [CRp]). Results In 112 evaluable patients who were treated (median age, 71 years; range, 60 to 88 years), the ORR was 46% (38% CR, 8% CRp). ORR by unfavorable prognostic factor was 39% for patients ≥ 70 years of age; 32% for Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 2; 51% for antecedent hematologic disorder; 54% for intermediate karyotype; 42% for unfavorable karyotype; and 48%, 51%, and 38% for one, two, and three risk factors, respectively. The median disease-free survival was 37 weeks (95% CI, 26 to 56 weeks). Median duration of remission was 56 weeks (95% CI, 33 to not estimable). The estimated median overall survival was 41 weeks (95% CI, 28 to 53 weeks) for all patients, 59 weeks for patients with CR/CRp, and 72 weeks for patients with CR. The 30-day all-cause mortality was 9.8%. The most common non-laboratory drug-related toxicities (≥ 20% patients) were nausea, febrile neutropenia, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, and fatigue. Conclusion Clofarabine is an active agent with acceptable toxicity in patients age 60 years or older with untreated AML who have at least one unfavorable prognostic factor. ORR did not seem affected by the presence of multiple unfavorable prognostic factors.
Single-Agent Laromustine, A Novel Alkylating Agent, Has Significant Activity in Older Patients With Previously Untreated Poor-Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Schiller Gary J. , O'Brien Susan M. , Pigneux Arnaud , DeAngelo Daniel J. , Vey Norbert , Kell Jonathan , Solomon Scott , Stuart Robert K. , Karsten Verena , Cahill Ann L. , Albitar Maher X. , Giles Francis J. 
Published: December 2009

Purpose An international phase II study of laromustine (VNP40101M), a sulfonylhydrazine alkylating agent, was conducted in patients age 60 years or older with previously untreated poor-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Patients and Methods Laromustine 600 mg/m2 was administered as a single 60-minute intravenous infusion. Patients were age 70 years or older or 60 years or older with at least one additional risk factor—unfavorable AML karyotype, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) of 2, and/or cardiac, pulmonary, or hepatic comorbidities. Results Eighty-five patients (median age, 72 years; range, 60 to 87 years) were treated. Poor-risk features included age 70 years or older, 78%; adverse karyotype, 47%; PS of 2, 41%; pulmonary disease, 77%; cardiac disease, 73%; and hepatic disease, 3%. Ninety-six percent of patients had at least two risk factors, and 39% had at least four risk factors. The overall response rate (ORR) was 32%, with 20 patients (23%) achieving complete response (CR) and seven (8%) achieving CR with incomplete platelet recovery (CRp). ORR was 20% in patients with adverse cytogenetics; 32% in those age 70 years or older; 32% in those with PS of 2; 32% in patients with baseline pulmonary dysfunction; 34% in patients with baseline cardiac dysfunction; and 27% in 33 patients with at least four risk factors. Twelve (14%) patients died within 30 days of receiving laromustine therapy. Median overall survival was 3.2 months, with a 1-year survival of 21%; the median duration of survival for those who achieved CR/CRp was 12.4 months, with a 1-year survival of 52%. Conclusion Laromustine has significant single-agent activity in elderly patients with poor-risk AML. Adverse events are predominantly myelosuppressive or respiratory. Response rates are consistent across a spectrum of poor-risk features.
Spatial and Temporal Variability in Growth of Hawaiian Spiny Lobsters in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
Authors: O'Malley Joseph M. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
Growth rates were estimated for recaptured Hawaiian spiny lobsters Panulirus marginatus tagged between 2002 and 2007 at Necker Island (23°30′N; 164°35′W), Gardner Pinnacles (25°00′N; 168°50′W), and Maro Reef (25°30′N; 170°45′W) in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI). The location and year-specific nature of the tag–recapture cruises enabled investigation of spatial and temporal variability in growth. Mean growth rates, estimated by using the von Bertalanffy and Schnute growth models and fitted via a maximum likelihood technique, differed between sexes and particularly among locations and years. Male lobster growth rates at Necker Island were, in general, one-third those at Gardner Pinnacles and one-half those at Maro Reef. Female lobsters exhibited the same pattern with less-pronounced differences. Maro Reef lobsters exhibited several abrupt, significant growth reductions among years, while Necker Island lobster growth rates increased significantly from 2004 to 2005. Model results also indicated substantial individual variability in growth. Neither density nor temperature could account for the differences in growth rates. No palinurid species studied to date has shown such spatial variability in growth, and only one panilurid species has exhibited similar variability on a temporal scale. Recognition of and accounting for the mean and individual variability in a life history trait of this endemic species will result in more accurate stock assessments and, ultimately, a better understanding of lobster dynamics and the NWHI coral reef ecosystem.
A Homogeneous Catalyst for Reduction of Optically Active Esters to the Corresponding Chiral Alcohols without Loss of Optical Purities
Authors: Kuriyama Wataru , Ino Yasunori , Ogata Osamu , Sayo Noboru , Saito Takao 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA ruthenium complex was found to catalyze the hydrogen reduction of esters under mild and neutral conditions. A variety of optically active esters can be reduced to the corresponding alcohols in excellent yield without loss of their optical purity or causing undesirable side reactions. Hydrogen reduction needs such simple operations – reaction, concentration, and purification – that the violent quench step and extraction step, which accompany conventional sodium borohydride or lithium aluminum hydride reduction, can be omitted.
Impact of 24‐hr in‐hospital interventional cardiology team on timeliness of reperfusion for ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Allaqaband Suhail , Jan M. Fuad , Banday Wamiq Y. , Schlemm Angela , Ahmed S. Hinan , Mori Naoyo , Oldridge Neil , Gupta Anjan , Bajwa Tanvir 
Published: December 2009

AbstractObjective: We studied the effect of 24 hr a day, 7 days a week interventional cardiology staff on door‐to‐balloon (D2B) time and mortality in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) for ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Background: Any delay in PPCI in acute STEMI is associated with higher mortality and, therefore, time to treatment should be as short as possible. Despite the use of several strategies, goal D2B time of <90 min remains elusive. Methods: The study examined 790 consecutive STEMI patients treated with PPCI as the reperfusion therapy of choice. Patients were grouped into a pre‐24×7 and post‐24×7 cohort to study the impact of the new protocol on D2B time and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality. Results: Median D2B time decreased from 99 min in the pre‐24×7 group to 55 min in the post‐24×7 group (P = 0.001) and was not influenced by time of day or day of week. Adjusted for patient and clinical characteristics, the pre‐24×7 group had increased in‐hospital cardiovascular mortality (odds ratio 1.94, 95% confidence interval 0.95–3.94; P = 0.048) and MACE (odds ratio 1.66, 95% confidence interval 1.10–2.49; P = 0.009) compared with the post‐24×7 group. Prolonged D2B time was also associated with higher 1‐year overall mortality in the pre‐24×7 group compared with the post‐24×7 group (12.8% vs. 8.1%; hazard ratio 1.17, 95% confidence interval 1.04–2.66; P = 0.044). Conclusions: Round‐the‐clock, in‐hospital interventional cardiology team consistently and significantly reduces D2B time, in‐hospital cardiovascular mortality, MACE, and 1‐year mortality in patients with STEMI. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Estimation of granule size distribution for batch fluidized bed granulation process using acoustic emission and N‐way PLS
Authors: Matero Sanni , Poutiainen Sami , Leskinen Jari , Järvinen Kristiina , Ketolainen Jarkko , Poso Antti , Reinikainen Satu‐Pia 
Published: December 2009

AbstractFluidized bed wet granulation of a pharmaceutical mixture is an unpredictable and complex process. Batch‐to‐batch variation, i.e. output material inconsistency, is still an unmanaged problem in fluidized bed granulation. The variation in outcome with different size distributions and yield arises from process conditions, which until now have proved difficult to control. The good quality batch is usually one with a high yield of the desired narrow granule size distribution. Thus, for successful granulation the size distribution needs to be controlled throughout the process in order to prevent the heterogeneity of different batch runs and inconsistent batch products. This paper introduces a method for determining end‐product granule size distribution in the early phase of granulation, based on the observation that the quality of the early phase nucleation strongly affects the quality of the end product. In the quantitative model, the information gained from the process stream acquired with an acoustic emission (AE) transducer was combined and modeled using an N‐way PLS method. Reference sieve analysis for the granule size distribution was performed off‐line and was used as the response variable. AE monitoring is a non‐invasive technique for evaluating granulation process performance by detecting the sound of particle impacts. AE caused by the particle–chamber wall interaction is influenced by the size of the granules; thus AE contains information about the granule size distribution. This study shows for the first time that the nucleation phase of granulation can be detected using AE techniques, and thus the possibility of predicting end product granule size distribution by means of AE measurement during the nucleation phase. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Differences in serum thyroglobulin measurements by 3 commercial immunoradiometric assay kits and laboratory standardization using Certified Reference Material 457 (CRM‐457)
Authors: Lee Ji In , Kim Ji Young , Choi Joon Young , Kim Hee Kyung , Jang Hye Won , Hur Kyu Yeon , Kim Jae Hyeon , Kim Kwang‐Won , Chung Jae Hoon , Kim Sun Wook 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackgroundSerum thyroglobulin (Tg) is essential in the follow‐up of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). However, interchangeability and standardization between Tg assays have not yet been achieved, even with the development of an international Tg standard (Certified Reference Material 457 [CRM‐457]).MethodsSerum Tg from 30 DTC patients and serially diluted CRM‐457 were measured using 3 different immunoradiometric assays (IRMA‐1, IRMA‐2, IRMA‐3). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) method was used to describe the concordance of each IRMA to CRM‐457.ResultsThe serum Tg measured by 3 different IRMAs correlated well (r > .85, p < .0001), but clinically relevant discrepancies were found in 13.3% of patients. IRMA‐3, which claims to be standardized to CRM‐457, showed the best ICC (p1 = .98) for the CRM‐457.ConclusionsHospitals caring for patients with DTC should either set their own cutoffs for IRMAs for Tg based on their patient pools, or adopt IRMAs standardized to CRM‐457 and calibrate their laboratory using CRM‐457. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
Intracellular calcium and calmodulin link brain‐derived neurotrophic factor to p70S6 kinase phosphorylation and dendritic protein synthesis
Authors: Zhou Xianju , Lin David S. , Zheng Fei , Sutton Michael A. , Wang Hongbing 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/p70S6 kinase (S6K) pathway plays an important role in brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)‐mediated protein synthesis and neuroplasticity. Although many aspects of neuronal function are regulated by intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) and calmodulin (CaM), their functions in BDNF‐induced phosphorylation of p70S6K and protein synthesis are largely unknown. Here, we report that BDNF, via TrkB‐dependent activation of mTOR, induces sustained phosphorylation of p70S6K at Thr389 and Thr421/Ser424. BDNF‐induced phosphorylation at Thr389 was dependent on PI3 kinase but independent of ERK‐MAPK. The previously identified MAPK phosphorylation site at Thr421/Ser424 required both PI3K and MAPK in BDNF‐stimulated neurons. Furthermore, we found that the reduction in [Ca2+]i, but not extracellular calcium, blocked the BDNF‐induced phosphorylation of p70S6K at both sites. Inhibition of CaM by W13 also blocked p70S6K phosphorylation. In correlation, W13 inhibited BDNF‐induced local dendritic protein synthesis. Interestingly, sustained elevation of [Ca2+]i by membrane depolarization antagonized the BDNF‐induced p70S6K phosphorylation. Finally, the BDNF‐induced p70S6K phosphorylation did not require the increase of calcium level through either extracellular influx or PLC‐mediated intracellular calcium release. Collectively, these results indicate that the basal level of intracellular calcium gates BDNF‐induced activation of p70S6K and protein synthesis through CaM. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mobilization of CD133+CD34− cells in healthy individuals following whole‐body acupuncture for spinal cord injuries
Authors: Moldenhauer Sonja , Burgauner Miriam , Hellweg Rainer , Lun Andreas , Hohenböken Marina , Dietz Ekkehart , Kiesewetter Holger , Salama Abdulgabar , Moldenhauer Anja 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAcupuncture can alleviate symptoms of spinal cord injuries (SCI). The underlying mechanism, however, is unknown. We hypothesized that stem cells could be mobilized by acupuncture. Therefore, we enrolled 14 healthy study participants using acupuncture points for the treatment of SCI. The frequency of CD133 and CD34 cells in peripheral blood and the serum concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐9, brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), and interleukin‐6 were determined before and after acupuncture (<1 hr, 24 hr, and 48 hr). CD133+34− cells were doubled 48 hr after acupuncture, with concomitant decreases in BDNF and MMP‐9 levels. Interleukin‐6 remained below detectable levels, eliminating a stress‐induced cell release. Individuals acupunctured on control counterpoints showed no changes in CD133+ cells. Our results indicate that acupuncture for SCI can mobilize human CD133+34− cells. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Headspace solid‐phase microextraction for direct determination of volatile phenols in cider
Authors: Pizarro Consuelo , Pérez‐del‐Notario Nuria , González‐Sáiz José María 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA headspace solid‐phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (GC‐MS/MS) method was optimised and validated for the determination of 4‐ethylguaiacol, 4‐ethylphenol, 4‐vinylguaiacol and 4‐vinylphenol, involved in the presence of Brett character, in ciders. The influence of different parameters on extraction efficiency (fibre coating, salt addition, exposure time, extraction temperature and sample volume/total volume ratio) was evaluated. Divinylbenzene/carboxen/PDMS was selected as extraction fibre and the other optimised parameters were as follows: 10 mL of cider, temperature 70°C, extraction time 60 min and addition of 0.4 g/mL of NaCl. The proposed method showed satisfactory linearity. The detection limits obtained were 0.01 μg/L for 4‐ethylguaiacol, 0.02 μg/L for 4‐ethylphenol, 0.08 μg/L for 4‐vinylguaiacol and 0.03 μg/L for 4‐vinylphenol. These detection limits were lower than those obtained in previous studies on the determination of volatile phenols in other alcoholic beverages. Good recoveries of over 95% were observed for all compounds, and the repeatability obtained was considered acceptable, ranging between 4 and 10%. To demonstrate the feasibility of the procedure, the method was applied to the analysis of commercial ciders. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the headspace solid‐phase microextraction procedure has been optimised to determine specifically the Brett character responsible compounds in cider.
Capacity and capacity development: Coping with complexity
Authors: Brinkerhoff Derick W. , Morgan Peter J. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis overview article introduces the topic of capacity and capacity development (CD), noting the vagueness and multiplicity of definitions and approaches. It presents the model of capacity developed by the European Centre for Development Policy Management (ECDPM) study, and reviews our evolving understanding of CD. Brief summaries of the contributions to the symposium highlight the main findings and key points. The contents of the symposium include four country cases—Pakistan, Tanzania, Brazil, and Papua New Guinea (PNG)—and one conceptual piece on CD in fragile states. Several common themes emerge: the benefits of viewing capacity and CD through systems lenses, the salience of the politics of CD; and the need to change how donors and capacity builders approach the practice of CD. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterizing fracture energy of proton exchange membranes using a knife slit test
Authors: Patankar Kshitish , Dillard David A. , Case Scott W. , Ellis Michael W. , Li Yongqiang , Lai Yeh‐Hung , Budinski Michael K. , Gittleman Craig S. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPinhole formation in proton exchange membranes (PEM) may be caused by a process of flaw formation and crack propagation within membranes exposed to cyclic hygrothermal loading. Fracture mechanics can be used to characterize the propagation process, which is thought to occur in a slow, time‐dependent manner under cyclic loading conditions, and believed to be associated with limited plasticity. The intrinsic fracture energy has been used to characterize the fracture resistance of polymeric material with limited viscoelastic and plastic dissipation, and has been found to be associated with long‐term durability of polymeric materials. Insight into this limiting value of fracture energy may be useful in characterizing the durability of proton exchange membranes, including the formation of pinhole defects. In an effort to collect fracture data with limited plasticity, a knife slit test was adapted to measure fracture energies of PEMs, resulting in fracture energies that were two orders of magnitude smaller than those obtained with other fracture test methods. The presence of a sharp knife blade reduces crack tip plasticity, providing fracture energies that may be more representative of the intrinsic fracture energies of the thin membranes. Three commercial PEMs were tested to evaluate their fracture energies (Gc) at temperatures ranging from 40 to 90 °C and humidity levels varying from dry to 90% relative humidity (RH). Experiments were also conducted with membrane specimens immersed in water at various temperatures. The time temperature moisture superposition principle was applied to generate fracture energy master curves plotted as a function of reduced cutting rate based on the humidity and temperature conditions of the tests. The shift with respect to temperature and humidity suggests that the slitting process is viscoelastic in nature. Also such shifts were found to be consistent with those obtained from constitutive tests such as stress relaxation. The fracture energy is more sensitive to temperature than on humidity. The master curves converge at the lowest reduced cutting rates, suggesting similar intrinsic fracture energies; but diverge at higher reduced cutting rates to significantly different fracture energies. Although the relationship between Gc and ultimate mechanical durability has not been established, the test method may hold promise for investigating and comparing membrane resistance to failure in fuel cell environments. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 333–343, 2010