bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
System‐Level Change in Cultural and Linguistic Competence (CLC): How Changes in CLC are Related to Service Experience Outcomes in Systems of Care
Authors: Barksdale Crystal L. , Ottley Phyllis Gyamfi , Stephens Robert , Gebreselassie Tesfayi , Fua Imogen , Azur Melissa , Walrath-Greene Christine 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAs US demographic trends shift toward more diversity, it becomes increasingly necessary to address differential needs of diverse groups of youth in mental health service systems. Cultural and linguistic competence (CLC) is essential to providing the most appropriate mental health services to youth and their families. The successful implementation of CLC often begins at the system level. Though various factors may affect change and system‐level factors set the tone for broad acceptance of CLC within systems, there is limited empirical evidence linking culturally competent practices to outcomes. The purpose of the present study was to examine system‐level CLC changes over time within systems of care and their associations with service experiences among youth and their families. Participants were 4,512 youth and their families enrolled in the national evaluation of the Children's Mental Health Initiative (CMHI). Results suggest that implementation of CLC at the system level improves over time in funded systems of care. Further, variation exists in specific system‐level components of CLC. In addition, the changes in CLC at the system level are related to family/caregiver participation in treatment. Implications for supporting positive changes in CLC among systems of care communities, and specific strategies for community psychologists, are discussed.
Fassier–Duval femoral rodding in children with osteogenesis imperfecta receiving bisphosphonates: Functional outcomes at one year
Authors: Ruck Joanne , Dahan-Oliel Noémi , Montpetit Kathleen , Rauch Frank , Fassier François 
Published: May 2011

Purpose To examine the functional outcomes of children with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) following initial Fassier–Duval (FD) rodding to the femur at 1 year, and to determine which factors are associated with change in gross motor function, ambulation, and functional performance. Methods Approval from our Institutional Review Board was obtained. A retrospective chart review identified 60 children (28 males, 32 females) with OI who underwent initial FD femoral rodding (101 rods) and who were receiving bisphosphonates. The mean age of the children was 3 years, 11 months at the initial femoral FD rodding. Two had type I OI, 30 type III, 27 type IV, and one type VI. The maximum length of follow-up was 4 years. Telescoping FD rods were used for the femurs, with surgeries performed one leg at a time, with a 1-week interval. The active range of motion (AROM) of the hips and knees in flexion was measured 4–5 weeks post-initial rodding. Outcomes on the Gillette Functional Assessment Questionnaire (FAQ) Ambulation Scale, the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM), and the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) were compared pre-operatively and at 1 year post-surgery using t-tests and multivariate linear regression. Results Pre-operatively, the mean FAQ score was 2.0, and this increased to 5.8 at 1 year post-surgery. Statistically significant improvements ( P ≤ 0.05) were found on the FAQ, crawling, standing, walking and running, and total domains of the GMFM, and PEDI mobility and self-care from baseline to 1 year. The results from the multivariate linear regression indicate that older age ( P = 0.0045) and higher weight ( P = 0.0164) are significantly associated with lower scores in the self-care domain of the PEDI, and that OI type III compared to type IV is significantly associated ( P = 0.0457) with greater improvement on the crawling domain of the GMFM. Higher weight was also associated ( P = 0.0289) with lower scores in the standing domain of the GMFM, as well as with the total GMFM score ( P = 0.0398). Conclusions Our findings indicate that initial FD femoral rodding resulted in benefits in ambulation, gross motor function, self-care, and mobility for children with OI beyond physiological expectations due to developmental growth. FD rodding is a procedure which can improve the overall mobility in children with OI with significant femoral deformities.
Sociodemographic and psychopatology features of outpatients dual diagnosis
Authors: Barral C. , Grau-López L. , Miquel L. , Bachiller D. , Gideoni F. , Rodríguez-Domínguez C. , Rodríguez-Martos L. , Ros E. , Laviña L. , Roncero C. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionDual diagnosis patients are characterized by low rates of adherence and treatment compliance. During last years new resources have dedicated to these patients where substance use and mental disorder are treated simultaneously.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to describe sociodemographic and psychopatology features of dual diagnosis outpatient.MethodsAll subjects in the study were outpatients at dual diagnosis program at Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain during 2007 to 2008. These patients were following up until December 2009. Sociodemographic data, psychiatric diagnosis and substance abuse were assessed by using EuropASI, SCID-I y SCID-II and by reviewing their medical histories.ResultsA total of 90 patients were recruited for this study during 2007–2008 and were followed one year. 62,5% of them remain until the end of the treatment. 67,9% were men, medium age was 37 years old (± 1.4). Most of them live with their own families (57,1%) and their marital status was single (48,2%). In this sample the most prevalent psychiatric diagnosis was Major Depressive Disorder (36,4%) followed by Psychotic Disorder (36,2%). The most abused substance was cocaine (33,9%) followed by cannabis (26,8%), alcohol (16,1%), heroin (17,9%). More of 60% were polydrug.ConclusionsThe patients who maintained inculcation with the outpatient program of dual diagnosis were men with medium level of academic level and good family and social environment.
Motivation for treatment of addiction may differ according to type of application: results from a Turkish sample
Authors: Bilici R. , Tufan A.E. , Ugurlu G. Karakas , Tan S. , Tuyluoglu E. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionThe motivation of the patient may affect response to treatment and prognosis.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to compare the various types of application of patients in terms of their motivation and sociodemographic variables.AimsTo demonstrate that patients who apply for treatment themselves have greater motivation and less depression and anxiety.MethodsPatients who applied or were referred for treatment of addiction to the Elazig Hospital for Mental Disorders were included in this study. Patients diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria, giving written informed consent and who did not have severe comorbid psychopathology were enrolled. Beck Depression and Anxiety Scales, and Motivation for Treatment Scale (MfT) were used in evaluation. p was set at 0.05.ResultsForty five male patients with a mean age of 37.9 (S.D. 11.2) were enrolled in the study. The mean scores for Beck Depression and Anxiety Scales and the Motivation for Treatment Scale were 27.7 (S.D. 12.8), 25.2 (S.D. 15.2) and 67.4 (S.D. 11.4); respectively. When the socio-demographic and clinical variables of the patients who applied voluntarily and those who were referred for treatment involuntarily were compared by Mann-Whitney U test, only the total score on the Motivation for Treatment Scale as well as those of its subscales for seeking help and being ready for treatment differed betwen groups (p: 0.01, 0.05 and 0.01; respectively).ConclusionTypes of application for treatment may affect levels of motivation in patients for treatment. Techniques for motivational interview may especially be important for patients applying involuntarily.
Substance abuse is associated with a higher risk of suicide
Authors: de la Vega Sánchez D. , Urrutia P. Artieda , Arnau J. Gómez , Soler M.R. Gómez , Bonafont A. Regidor , Páez P. Sánchez , Moreno A. Chinchilla 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionSuicide is a major and preventable public health problem. Risk factors may vary with age, gender, or ethnic group, being substance abuse one of the most frequent.ObjectivesTo investigate the relation of substance related disorder and suicide attempt.MethodsReview of the suicidal attempts of patients with personal history of substance related disorder attended during the year 2010.ResultsWe identified 85 cases.Alcohol (64″3%) and cocaine (47″7%) were the two most identified substances. Cannabis (17″2%) and heroin (23″06%) were less consumed. Benzodiacepines abuse was very frequent among the patients attended (38″2%).Previous attempts were found in 43″8% of the patients.Drug overdose was the most commonly method used (98″4%), especially with benzodiacepines and antidepressants, but non psychiatric drugs were also frequent. Substance overdosage or intoxication was the second most frequent method used (23%), and poisoning the third (9%). Most of times these methods were presented with concomitant drug overdose.Defenestration threats were very rare (2″34%), and always associated with hospitalization request by the patient.We did find significant differences when studying triggers (family, partnership, economical or others) compared with non substance abusers suicidal attempts.Conclusions- Chronic substance misuse and acute substance abuse is associated with a higher risk of suicide, what may be explained by the disinhibiting effects of psychoactive substances.- As benzodiazepine misuse is associated with suicide, special care must be taken when prescribing to at risk patients such as substance abusers
Differences of patients with acute alcohol intoxication treated at the departments for psychiatry and internal medicine in Tuzla during 2009
Authors: Delić A. , Hasanović M. , Šahović H. , Kuldija A. , Kravić N. , Pajević I. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionPatients with Acute alcohol intoxication (F 10.0) are referred most often to psychiatry or internal departments.AimTo examine some epidemiological characteristics of patients with acute alcohol intoxication treated at the admission departments of Psychiatry and Internal Medicine in Tuzla during 2009 year.MethodologyWe selected from the admission protocols 91(1.8%) of 5 055 patients examined in Psychiatry, and 76(0.5%) of 14 460 patients examined in Internal Medicine admission, who were diagnosed with F 10.0 according to ICD-10. Observed variables were sex, age, treatment they received at the admission departments and the instructions given for further treatment.ResultsWe found that Majority of them were males. Patients referred to the Psychiatry were somewhat older (43.2 years), than patients in the Internal Medicine (38.4 years). The most common referral to the Psychiatry was in March 14(13.4%), and November 11(12.1%), while in the Internal Medicine there were 9(14.28%) in November and 8(12.69%) in December. At Psychiatry, 29(31.86%) patients were hospitalized and 62(68.13%) continued with outpatient treatments. At Internal Medicine 40(52.6%) of 76 patients were detoxified, 30(39.47%) patients were referred to the Department for Psychiatry, while in-home treatment was offered to 40 patients (52.63%).ConclusionThe prevalence of acute alcohol intoxication compared to other diagnoses is higher in the Psychiatry admission than in the Internal Medicine, males were more frequent patients, and patients referred to Psychiatry were somewhat older. The most frequent alcohol intoxication in Psychiatry was recorded in October and November, while in Internal Medicine it was in November and December.
Early onset of alcohol use: a different personality profile?
Authors: Diaz-Digon L. , Mateu-Codina G. , Martinez-Riera R. , Morro-Fernandez L. , Romero-Sanchez M. , Nascimento-Osorio M.-T. , Forns-Nadal M. , Bulbena-Vilarrasa A. , Torrens-Mèlich M. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionEarly onset of substances use disorders (SUD) has been related to some personality characteristics and a higher prevalence of social, psychiatric and organic problems.ObjetivesTo describe personality differences in early onset of alcohol use (EO, age≤ 15) subjects and late onset of alcohol use (LO, age≥16), both affected of acute non-substance use psychiatric disorders (Non-SUD) and alcohol related substance use disorders (alcohol SUD).MethodsData on sociodemographic and clinical factors were gathered among subjects meeting DSM-IV criteria of alcohol SUD. Psychometric characteristics were explored with TCI-R.ResultsThe whole sample (N = 188; age 36,8 ± 9,2; 71,4% male) showed mainly hallucinations/delusions (37,7%) at admittance and personality disorders (50,3%) as a most prevalent non-SUD. Most common comorbid SUD were alcohol (59,5%).EO subjects (N = 103) had more prevalence of legal problems (51,4% vs. 15,9%), sedatives misuse (73,8% vs. 54,1%), polydrug abuse (2 ± 1,1 vs. 1,6 ± 1,0) and higher score in ASI psychopathology (5,8 ± 1,3 vs. 4,8 ± 1,8). Most frequent dual diagnosis in EO subjects were psychosis+cannabis SUD (8,7%).EO group was characterized by higher impulsiveness (102,9 ± 16,4 vs 97,0 ± 14,5), disorderliness (127,6 ± 19,2 vs. 117,4 ± 21,7), harm avoidance (30,7 ± 4,9 vs. 28 ± 7,6), eagerness of effort (34,7 ± 7,5 vs. 31,6 ± 8,0), ambitious (19,2 ± 4,6 vs. 17,9 ± 3,1), perfectionist (29,8 ± 5,9 vs. 27,8 ± 6,2), responsibility (30,5 ± 6,9 vs. 27,9 ± 7,7), resourcefulness (25,9 ± 6,3 vs. 23,2 ± 6,8), enlightened second nature (17,7 ± 3,9 vs. 13,9 ± 4,6), social acceptance (32,0 ± 5,8 vs. 29,4 ± 7,1) and lower anticipatory worry (71,7 ± 18,5 vs. 79,8 ± 17,9), dependence (54,5 ± 12,4 vs. 59,2 ± 14,9).ConclusionsEO was characterized by higher scores in impulsiveness, disorderliness, and self-directedness and showed more severity on social, psychopathologic and substance problems.
Alcohol use and Binge Drinking in adolescents living in Germany: A representative study - variation of consumption patterns according to migration background
Authors: Donath C. , Gräßel E. , Baier D. , Bleich S. , Hillemacher T. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionBinge Drinking is a constant problem behaviour in adolescents across Europe. However, epidemiological data on alcohol consumption of adolescents with different migration backgrounds are rare.Objective/aimsCreate insight on alcohol consumption patterns in adolescents with different migration backgrounds living in Germany.MethodsIn the years 2007/2008, a representative written survey of N = 44,610 students in the 9th grade of different school types in Germany was carried out (net sample). The return rate of questionnaires was 88% regarding all students whose teachers respectively school directors had agreed to participate in the study. 27.4% of the adolescents surveyed have a migration background whereby the Turkish culture is the largest group followed by adolescents who emigrated from former Soviet Union states.ResultsMore than half (57.4%) of the German 9th-graders engaged in binge drinking at least once during the 4 weeks prior to the survey. Students with migration background of the former Soviet Union showed mainly similar drinking behaviour like German adolescents (56.2%). Adolescents with Turkish roots engaged in binge drinking less frequently than adolescents of German descent (23.6%). However, in those adolescents who consumed alcohol in the last 4 weeks, binge drinking is very prominent across cultural backgrounds.ConclusionsCommon expectations concerning drinking behaviour of adolescents of certain cultural backgrounds (‘migrants with Russian background drink more’/‘migrants from Islamic imprinted countries drink less’) are only partly affirmed. Possibly, the degree of acculturation to the permissive German alcohol culture plays a role here.
Relationship of social anxiety severity with drinking motives among male alcohol dependent inpatients
Authors: Evren C. , Aksoy R. , Celik S. , Cetin T. , Tamar-Gürol D. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectiveAim of this study was to investigate the relationship of social anxiety (SA) severity with drinking motives in male alcohol dependent inpatients.MethodParticipants were 155 consecutively admitted male alcohol dependents. Patients were investigated with the Drinking Motives Questionnaire—Revised (DMQ-R), the Social Phobia Scale (SPS), and the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS).ResultsMean scores of DMQ-R subscales were positively correlated with social anxiety scales in different degrees. Conformity motives predicted both SPS (together with social motives) and SIAS.ConclusionsSPS which evaluates social phobia-circumscribed type was predicted by conformity and social motives, whereas SIAS which evaluates social phobia-generalised type was predicted by only conformity motives. This suggests that different types of motivation may be related with different types of social phobia.
Alexithymia and drinking motivations among male patients with alcohol dependency
Authors: Evren C. , Aksoy R. , Celik S. , Cetin T. , Tamar-Gürol D. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between alexithymia and drinking motivations among male patients with alcohol dependency.MethodParticipants were 136 male patients consecutively admitted to an alcohol dependency treatment unit. The Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and the Drinking Motives Questionnaire—Revised (DMQ-R) were administered to all participants.ResultsIn alexithymic group (N = 44, 32.4%) duration of education was lower, whereas current age, age onset of regular alcohol use, marital and employment status did not differ between groups. Scores of drinking motives and severity of general psychopathology were higher in alexithymic group. Alexithymia total and factors of alexithymia (other than thirth factor) were positively correlated with drinking motives. TAS- difficulty in identifing feelings was significant covariant for enhancement, coping and confirmity motives, whereas TAS- difficulty in describing feelings was significant covariant for only confirmity motives in MANCOVA analysis.ConclusionsThese suggest that drinking motives may be a mediator in the relationship between alexithymia alcohol dependence.
A Qualitative assessment of crack supply in tehran
Authors: Farhoudian A. , Sefatian S. , Movaghar A. Rahimi , Mohammadi F. 
Published: May 2011

Supplies of illegal drugs play determinant roles in developing new cases, relapse after treatment and some health criteria. Recently, Iran has encountered an illicit new comoing drug which belongs to opioids. This article presents the crack supply in retail market in Tehran.This is a qualitative study based on the grounded theory which was conducted in 2009 in Tehran. Deep interviews with drug dealers, drug users and key informants were performed by open questionnaires as well as some checklists.Crack accessiblity was expressed as “easily”. Lack of money and police presence are the problems of obtaining. Most of informants believed that the price, purity, and color had changed during time and the quality had decreased. The major impurity added to crack was pills. Crack dealing is more beneficial in comparison with other drugs and it was due to poverty and need of the users resulting from addiction. In general, there was a wide variety of controversial opinions regarding the method of production as well as quality of crack in respondants.Regarding the recent considerable increase in crack availablity in Iran, rapid changes in crack quality and production has happened. Considering the top priority for the battle against this hard drug supply in comparison with softer drugs like opium, providing proper information and teaching it to clinicians and mainstream is highly recommended.
Comparisonal investigation of emotional intelligence in addicted and nonaddicted people
Authors: Homayouni A. 
Published: May 2011

Introduction & objectivesEmotional intelligence (E/I) consists of appraisal of emotion in the self and others, regulation of emotion in the self and others and utilization of emotion in solving problems. Subsumed under these branches are functions such as verbal and non verbal appraisal and expression of emotion and using emotions to motivate as part of the utilization of emotions. (Salovey & Mayer's, 1990). Emotional intelligence components are important in psychological functions such as problem-solving, happiness, stress-tolerance, self-actualization and interpersonal relationship. So the research aimed to investigate role of Emotional intelligence in tendency to addiction.MethodsIn sampling process a total of 73 addicted people and 73 non-addicted people were randomly selected. All participants were requested to complete Schutte’s Self- Report E/I Test (SSREIT) (33 item). The test measures ability of E/I in three fields: Appraisal of emotion, regulation of emotion and utilization of emotion. In order to analyzing the data independent T test was used to compare means of two groups.ResultsFindings indicated significant differences between two groups in components of emotional intelligent. Nonaddicted people had more scores in appraisal of emotion, utilization of emotion and general score of emotional intelligence. But there was no significant difference in regulation of emotion in two groups.ConclusionsConsidering the results, it is recommended EI education programs and applying the plans for enhancing emotional intelligent components in order to increasing abilities and competencies in confronting with crisis and bad events and reducing risk of abnormal behaviors, specially addiction.
Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in patients with alcohol dependence a cross sectional study
Authors: Kahl K.G. , Greggersen W. , Schweiger U. , Balijepalli C. , Lösch C. , Moebus S. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionThere is a long debate about putative cardioprotective effects of alcohol. However, prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in men and women that use alcohol has been inconsistent in the literature.Objectives/aimsThe aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of MetS in patients with a diagnosis of alcohol dependence, who are currently abstinent in a controlled environment, and in control subjects followed in primary care from a similar region in Northern Germany.MethodsOne-hundred ninety seven men and women with alcohol dependence during behavioural treatment in a controlled environment were compared to 1158 subjects from primary care from a similar region in northern Germany. We used the AHA/NHBLI criteria to determine the rate of MetS and each single criterion of MetS in both groups.ResultsThe prevalence of MetS was almost twice as high in men and women with alcohol dependence compared to control subjects (30.6% vs. 17.0%). With respect to the single criteria, elevations were found for fasting glucose and blood pressure in both genders and for triglycerides in women only. HDL-cholesterol was higher in men and women with alcohol dependence.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate an increased rate of the MetS, increased blood pressure and dysregulation of glucose and lipid metabolism in alcohol dependent patients. Whether high HDL-cholesterol in this context has cardioprotective effects remain doubtful.