bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The War Against Ukraine, the Changing World Order and the Conflict Between Democracy and Autocracy
Authors: Wiesner Claudia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis chapter discusses the challenges that the war against Ukraine has brought for the EU, putting particular emphasis on the question as to what extent these are linked to a conflict between liberal democracy and autocracy. The EU and its Member States are having to reposition themselves in a changing world order that is no longer liberal, but at least multipolar. There are new political realities, not only in political and economic, but also in ideational terms. Adjusting to this new setting is difficult for manifold good reasons: China is trying to gain (geo)political and economic power and influence; several big states abstained from voting on condemnation of the Russian invasion in the UN General Assembly; and a presidential election is coming up in the USA in 2024. With regard to the EU itself, Ukraine, Georgia and Moldova want to become EU members, while the EU already faces rule-of-law issues with Poland, Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria. In all this, the war is often discussed as a conflict between an autocratic regime on the one hand and the liberal democracies of Europe and the EU, to which Ukraine wants to belong, on the other. However, liberal democracy is also under threat in the EU itself and not only from outside the EU. Authoritarian tendencies and right-wing populist parties are on the rise in several EU states; there is visible democratic deconsolidation, i.e. citizens losing trust in representative democracy, and democratic backsliding. Consequently, for the EU to defend its values and liberal democracy is a challenge not only externally, but also internally. The war only amplifies these multiple tensions.
Relative poset polytopes and semitoric degenerations
Authors: Feigin Evgeny , Makhlin Igor 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe two best studied toric degenerations of the flag variety are those given by the Gelfand–Tsetlin and FFLV polytopes. Each of them degenerates further into a particular monomial variety which raises the problem of describing the degenerations intermediate between the toric and the monomial ones. Using a theorem of Zhu one may show that every such degeneration is semitoric with irreducible components given by a regular subdivision of the corresponding polytope. This leads one to study the parts that appear in such subdivisions as well as the associated toric varieties. It turns out that these parts lie in a certain new family of poset polytopes which we termrelative poset polytopes: each is given by a poset and a weakening of its order relation. In this paper we give an in depth study of (both common and marked) relative poset polytopes and their toric varieties in the generality of an arbitrary poset. We then apply these results to degenerations of flag varieties. We also show that our family of polytopes generalizes the family studied in a series of papers by Fang, Fourier, Litza and Pegel while sharing their key combinatorial properties such as pairwise Ehrhart-equivalence and Minkowski-additivity.
Investigation of thermoforming processes of aerostructures: Simulation and microstructural analysis
Authors: Çobanoğlu Merve , Ece Remzi Ecmel , Ünlü Büşra , Öz Yahya , Toros Serkan , Öztürk Fahrettin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA series of experimental and numerical studies were carried out on the mechanical and geometric performance of an aerostructural part produced by a material out-of-autoclave stamp forming process using unidirectional (UD) carbon fiber (CF) reinforced polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), which provides advantages like reshaping, recycling, welding, and low serial manufacturing costs. As a novelty, initial part geometry, different types of springs, and their attachment type were examined experimentally and compared with simulations. Compression tests were performed to determine mechanical strengths which reach levels up to 550 MPa. In addition, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were conducted to determine the crystallinity which occurs depending on the cooling regimes of the material. The crystallinity has been observed to vary regionally ranging from 16 to 21%. However, the crystallinity of the part towards the cold mold region decreased from 20 to 17%. In addition, simulations were performed to observe and control the occurrence of wrinkles and other defects.
Evaluating the precise grapevine water stress detection using unmanned aerial vehicles and evapotranspiration-based metrics
Authors: Burchard-Levine V. , Borra-Serrano I. , Peña J. M. , Kustas W. P. , Guerra J. G. , Dorado J. , Mesías-Ruiz G. , Herrezuelo M. , Mary B. , McKee L. M. , de Castro A. I. , Sanchez-Élez S. , Nieto H. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Precise irrigation management requires accurate knowledge of crop water demand to adequately optimize water use efficiency, especially relevant in arid and semi-arid regions. While unoccupied aerial vehicles (UAV) have shown great promise to improve the water management for crops such as vineyards, there still remains large uncertainties to accurately quantify vegetation water requirements, especially through physically-based methods. Notably, thermal remote sensing has been shown to be a promising tool to evaluate water stress at different scales, most commonly through the Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI). This work aimed to evaluate the potential of a UAV payload to estimate evapotranspiration (ET) and alternative ET-based crop water stress indices to better monitor and detect irrigation requirements in vineyards. As a case study, three irrigation treatments within a vineyard were implemented to impose weekly crop coefficient (Kc) of 0.2 (extreme deficit irrigation), 0.4 (typical deficit irrigation) and 0.8 (over-irrigated) of reference ET. Both the original Priestley-Taylor initialized two-source energy balance model (TSEB-PT) and the dual temperature TSEB (TSEB-2T), which takes advantage of high-resolution imagery to discriminate canopy and soil temperatures, were implemented to estimate ET. In a first step, both ET models were evaluated at the footprint level using an eddy covariance (EC) tower, with modelled fluxes comparing well against the EC measurements. Secondly, in-situ physiological measurements at vine level, such as stomatal conductance (gst), leaf (Ψleaf) and stem (Ψstem) water potential, were collected simultaneously to UAV overpasses as plant proxies of water stress. Different variants of the CWSI and alternative metrics that take advantage of the partitioned ET from TSEB, such as Crop Transpiration Stress Index (CTSI) and the Crop Stomatal Stress Index (CSSI), were also evaluated to test their statistical relationship against these in-situ physiological indicators using the Spearman correlation coefficient (ρ). Both TSEB-PT and TSEB-2T CWSI related similarly to in-situ measurements (Ψleaf
: ρ ~ 0.4; Ψstem
: ρ ~ 0.55). On the other hand, stress indicators using canopy fluxes (i.e. CTSI and CSSI) were much more effective when using TSEB-2 T (Ψleaf
: ρ = 0.45; Ψstem
: ρ = 0.62) compared to TSEB-PT (Ψleaf
: ρ = 0.18; Ψstem
: ρ = 0.49), revealing important differences in the ET partitioning between model variants. These results demonstrate the utility of physically-based models to estimate ET and partitioned canopy fluxes, which can enhance the detection of vine water stress and quantitatively assess vine water demand to better manage irrigation practices.
Addressing transportation barriers in oncology: existing programs and new solutions
Authors: Pringle Sophia , Ko Emily M. , Doherty Meredith , Smith Anna Jo Bodurtha 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTransportation is an underrecognized, but modifiable barrier to accessing cancer care, especially for clinical trials. Clinicians, insurers, and health systems can screen patients for transportation needs and link them to transportation. Direct transportation services (i.e., ride-sharing, insurance-provided transportation) have high rates of patient satisfaction and visit completion. Patient financial reimbursements provide necessary funds to counteract the effects of transportation barriers, which can lead to higher trial enrollment, especially for low socioeconomic status and racially and ethnically diverse patients. Expanding transportation interventions to more cancer patients, and addressing knowledge, service, and system gaps, can help more patients access needed cancer care.
Application of immersive virtual reality mirror therapy for upper limb rehabilitation after stroke: a scoping review
Authors: Gebreheat Gdiom , Antonopoulos Nick , Porter-Armstrong Alison 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMirror therapy is a commonly used rehabilitation intervention in post stroke upper limb rehabilitation. Despite many potential technological developments, mirror therapy is routinely delivered through the use of a static mirror or mirror box. This review aims to synthesise evidence on the application of immersive virtual reality mirror therapy (IVRMT) in poststroke upper limb rehabilitation. A scoping review was performed on relevant English studies published between 2013 to 2023. Literature search was undertaken on APA PsycInfo, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, PubMed and Web of Science between August 5 and 17, 2023. Additional studies were included from Google Scholar and reference lists of identified articles. A total of 224 records were identified, of which 8 full-text articles were selected for review. All included studies were published between 2019 and 2023, and from high- and upper-middle-income nations. All the studies were experimental (n = 8). The total sample size in the studies was 259, most of whom were stroke patients with upper limb weakness (n = 184). This review identified three major themes and two sub-themes based on the contents of the studies conducted on the application of IVRMT: IVRMT’s technical application, feasibility and impact on clinical outcomes (motor recovery and adverse events). IVRMT was concluded to be a safe and feasible approach to post-stroke upper limb rehabilitation, offering enhanced engagement and motor recovery. However, more methodologically robust studies should be conducted to advance this area of practice, and to include a uniform IVRMT intervention protocol, dose, and use of outcome measure.
Analyzing the effects of solar energy innovations, digitalization, and economic globalization on environmental quality in the United States
Authors: Adebayo Tomiwa Sunday , Meo Muhammad Saeed , Eweade Babatunde Sunday , Özkan Oktay 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe escalating apprehension regarding climate change mitigation has intensified the quest for energy alternatives that are low in carbon emissions, economically viable, and consistently available. Within this context, renewable energy sources emerge as fitting candidates, being recognized for their eco-friendliness and cleanliness. Nonetheless, despite the allure of transitioning towards cleaner energy, there exists a notable dearth of literature addressing the pivotal role of solar energy innovations and economic globalization in advancing the agenda of climate change mitigation (SDG-13), thus complicating the prediction of factors influencing ecological quality. Consequently, this study undertakes the inaugural investigation into the impact of solar energy innovation on ecological footprint, while also considering the influences of digitalization, economic globalization, renewable energy, and natural resources in the USA. To this end, Quantile-on-Quantile Kernel-Based Regularized Least Squares (QQKRLS) and wavelet quantile regressions (WQR) methodologies are employed, utilizing data spanning from 2000 to 2020. The analysis reveals that solar energy innovation, along with renewable energy, digitalization, and economic globalization, exerts a negative impact on ecological footprint, whereas natural resources exhibit a positive influence. Drawing from these insights, it becomes apparent that a concerted effort from stakeholders and policymakers is imperative in realizing the objectives of SDG-13 and SDG-7, necessitating a paradigm shifts in the USA’s energy portfolio away from fossil fuels towards renewables.
Graphical abstract
Therapeutic potential of third-generation chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeting B cell maturation antigen for treating multiple myeloma
Authors: Rujirachaivej Punchita , Siriboonpiputtana Teerapong , Luangwattananun Piriya , Yuti Pornpimon , Wutti-in Yupanun , Choomee Kornkan , Sujjitjoon Jatuporn , Chareonsirisuthigul Takol , Rerkamnuaychoke Budsaba , Junking Mutita , Yenchitsomanus Pa-thai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematologic malignancy characterized by the rapid proliferation of malignant plasma cells within the bone marrow. Standard therapies often fail due to patient resistance. The US FDA has approved second-generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting B-cell maturation antigen (anti-BCMA-CAR2 T cells) for MM treatment. However, achieving enduring clinical responses remains a challenge in CAR T cell therapy. This study developed third-generation T cells with an anti-BCMA CAR (anti-BCMA-CAR3). The CAR incorporated a fully human scFv specific to BCMA, linked to the CD8 hinge region. The design included the CD28 transmembrane domain, two co-stimulatory domains (CD28 and 4-1BB), and the CD3ζ signaling domain (28BBζ). Lentiviral technology generated these modified T cells, which were compared against anti-BCMA-CAR2 T cells for efficacy against cancer. Anti-BCMA-CAR3 T cells exhibited significantly higher cytotoxic activity against BCMA-expressing cells (KMS-12-PE and NCI-H929) compared to anti-BCMA-CAR2 T cells. At an effector-to-target ratio of 10:1, anti-BCMA-CAR3 T cells induced lysis in 75.5 ± 3.8% of NCI-H929 cells, whereas anti-BCMA-CAR2 T cells achieved 56.7 ± 3.4% (p = 0.0023). Notably, after twelve days of cultivation, anti-BCMA-CAR3 T cells nearly eradicated BCMA-positive cells (4.1 ± 2.1%), while anti-BCMA-CAR2 T cells allowed 36.8 ± 20.1% to survive. This study highlights the superior efficacy of anti-BCMA-CAR3 T cells against both low and high BCMA-expressing MM cells, surpassing anti-BCMA-CAR2 T cells. These findings suggest potential for advancing anti-BCMA-CAR3 T cells in chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) therapy for relapsed/refractory MM.
Volcanic clouds detection applying machine learning techniques to GNSS radio occultations
Authors: Hammouti Mohammed , Gencarelli Christian Natale , Sterlacchini Simone , Biondi Riccardo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVolcanic clouds detection is a challenge especially when meteorological clouds are present in the same area. Several algorithms have been developed to detect and monitor volcanic clouds by using satellite instruments based on different remote sensing techniques. This work aims at classifying volcanic clouds based on atmospheric profiles retrieved by the GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) radio occultation technique. We collocated the radio occultations with the volcanic cloud detection from AIRS (Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder) and IASI (Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer) for 11 big eruptions happening in the period 2008–2015 resulting in about 15000 profiles. We created an archive with the collocations and a corresponding number of profiles in “non-volcanic” environment in the same area and on the same period of the year. A support vector machine algorithm was applied to the archive in order to classify the clouds and to distinguish the volcanic clouds from the other types. The model performances are promising: the GNSS radio occultations are able to distinguish the volcanic clouds with an accuracy higher than 80% when the eruption occurs at high latitudes. The performances of the model are affected by the number of collocations used for the training. Nowadays, the number of radio occultations is higher than in the period considered in this research, making this work a pioneering study for a future operational product.
Survey: federated learning data security and privacy-preserving in edge-Internet of Things
Authors: Li Haiao , Ge Lina , Tian Lei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe amount of data generated owing to the rapid development of the Smart Internet of Things is increasing exponentially. Traditional machine learning can no longer meet the requirements for training complex models with large amounts of data. Federated learning, as a new paradigm for training statistical models in distributed edge networks, alleviates integration and training problems in the context of massive and heterogeneous data and security protection for private data. Edge computing processes data at the edge layers of data sources to ensure low-data-delay processing; it provides high-bandwidth communication and a stable network environment, and relieves the pressure of processing massive data using a single node in the cloud center. A combination of edge computing and federated learning can further optimize computing, communication, and data security for the edge-Internet of Things. This review investigated the development status of federated learning and expounded on its basic principles. Then, in view of the security attacks and privacy leakage problems of federated learning in the edge Internet of things, relevant work was investigated from cryptographic technologies (such as secure multi-party computation, homomorphic encryption and secret sharing), perturbation schemes (such as differential privacy), adversarial training and other privacy security protection measures. Finally, challenges and future research directions for the integration of edge computing and federated learning are discussed.
ARTS and small-molecule ARTS mimetics upregulate p53 levels by promoting the degradation of XIAP
Authors: Abbas Ruqaia , Hartmann Oliver , Asiss Dorin Theodora , Abbas Rabab , Kagan Julia , Kim Hyoung-Tae , Oren Moshe , Diefenbacher Markus , Orian Amir , Larisch Sarit 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMutations resulting in decreased activity of p53 tumor suppressor protein promote tumorigenesis. P53 protein levels are tightly regulated through the Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS). Several E3 ligases were shown to regulate p53 stability, including MDM2. Here we report that the ubiquitin E3 ligase XIAP (X-linked Inhibitors of Apoptosis) is a direct ligase for p53 and describe a novel approach for modulating the levels of p53 by targeting the XIAP pathway. Using in vivo (live-cell) and in vitro (cell-free reconstituted system) ubiquitylation assays, we show that the XIAP-antagonist ARTS regulates the levels of p53 by promoting the degradation of XIAP. XIAP directly binds and ubiquitylates p53. In apoptotic cells, ARTS inhibits the ubiquitylation of p53 by antagonizing XIAP. XIAP knockout MEFs express higher p53 protein levels compared to wild-type MEFs. Computational screen for small molecules with high affinity to the ARTS-binding site within XIAP identified a small-molecule ARTS-mimetic, B3. This compound stimulates apoptosis in a wide range of cancer cells but not normal PBMC (Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells). Like ARTS, the B3 compound binds to XIAP and promotes its degradation via the UPS. B3 binding to XIAP stabilizes p53 by disrupting its interaction with XIAP. These results reveal a novel mechanism by which ARTS and p53 regulate each other through an amplification loop to promote apoptosis. Finally, these data suggest that targeting the ARTS binding pocket in XIAP can be used to increase p53 levels as a new strategy for developing anti-cancer therapeutics.
How Are You Feeling Today? Dynamic and Static Indices of Daily Affect Predict Psychological Adjustment One Year Later in a Multi-cohort, Longitudinal Investigation
Authors: Mitchell Benjamin J. , Baugher Brittany , Gawlik Emily , Richmond Julia , Sidney Pooja G. , Taber Jennifer M. , Thompson Clarissa A. , Coifman Karin G. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Dominant psychotherapies target how individuals experience and understand their daily emotion. Therefore, research examining how daily emotions influence long-term mental health outcomes may help inform treatment development.

Methods
This investigation applied a multi-cohort (n = 378; n = 460), longitudinal design to test how reports of daily emotion predict psychological symptoms, loneliness, and wellbeing one-year later. Dynamic indices (polarity, inertia) reflecting “how” emotional experiences are conceptualized moment-to-moment and static indices (person-mean, standard deviation) of emotion were extracted from 10 daily reports. Each index was modelled individually, in concert with others, and in relation to a key dispositional factor in symptom development: trait anxiety.

Results
Dynamic indices predicted outcomes one-year later, but only the effect of positive emotional inertia remained significant after accounting for mean intensity of affect. Daily reports of emotion also predicted small but significant variance in outcomes beyond trait anxiety.

Conclusions
Results highlight the role of daily subjective experiences of emotion in long-term mental health outcomes and reinforce their importance as targets for treatment.
Disentangling determinants of nearshore fish and crayfish assemblages in a canyon-shaped Mediterranean reservoir
Authors: Petriki O. , Ntislidou C. , Petrocheilou D. , Michaelidis K. , Perivolioti T.M. , Kouletsos A. , Laggis A. , Bobori D. C. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe distinct origin and hydrological characteristics of reservoirs, shaped by fluctuating water levels and seasonal variations, play a crucial role in determining aquatic species assemblages across diverse limnological zones. This study aimed to analyze fish and crayfish assemblages in the nearshore area of a canyon-shaped Mediterranean reservoir, seeking to identify seasonal and spatial convergent patterns and infer the factors influencing them. Samplings were conducted at five stations along the longitudinal profile of the reservoir at depths around 7 m using gillnets and hoops nets. A seasonal pattern emerged regarding species abundance and biomass, with higher values recorded during the warmer period. Additionally, a spatial trend was observed, indicating higher species abundance in the middle part of the reservoir and lower abundance near the dam, particularly during the colder period. Water transparency, temperature, and the distance from the dam were identified as the most significant factors affecting species assemblages in terms of abundance and biomass. This research provides valuable insights into the intricate interplay between environmental factors, seasonal changes, and the assemblages of aquatic species in a Mediterranean reservoir, contributing to our understanding of its ecological dynamics.