bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Several lymphoma‐specific genetic events in parallel can be found in mature B‐cell neoplasms
Authors: Bacher Ulrike , Haferlach Torsten , Alpermann Tamara , Kern Wolfgang , Schnittger Susanne , Haferlach Claudia 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe mature B‐cell neoplasms frequently result from translocations involving the IGH gene localized on 14q32. In rare instances, combinations of different IGH rearrangements were described, and even coincidence of three genetic lymphoma‐specific events has been rarely reported. We here present eight patients with triple hit lymphoma, and two with four different lymphoma specific events detected by chromosome banding analysis and interphase FISH (seven males, three females, 47–82 years). All showed bone marrow involvement (Burkitt's lymphoma: n = 5, diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma: n = 2; features intermediate between BL/DLBCL: n = 1; secondary aggressive B‐cell lymphoma: n = 1; follicular lymphoma: n = 1). Eight patients had triple hit lymphoma combining IGH‐BCL2/t(14;18)(q32;q21), MYC/8q24, and BCL6/3q27 rearrangements. Two showed an additional IGH‐CCND1/t(11;14)(q13;q32) as fourth genetic event (according to research of the Mitelman database, the first reports on four genetic hits in lymphomas). All cases had complex aberrant karyotypes (median, 11 cytogenetic alterations per patient). Interphase FISH revealed a high rate of CDKN2A deletions (five of nine cases investigated; 56%), being homozygous in two of these cases. At the time of study, four of nine patients with follow‐up data were alive (44%), one of these in remission. The two patients with four genetic hits died 6 and 9 days from diagnosis. Additional cases of lymphomas with three or four genetic hits should be collected to evaluate whether their clinical course differs from dual hit lymphomas. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association between expression of embryonic lethal abnormal vision‐like protein HuR and cyclooxygenase‐2 in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Cha Jeong‐Dan , Li ShengJin , Cha In‐Ho 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackgroundIncreased cytoplasmic HuR expression has been noted in several cancer types, where it may contribute to the increased cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) expression observed during tumorigenesis and metastasis.MethodsTo assess the correlation between COX‐2 and HuR in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the expression patterns of HuR and COX‐2 were assessed via immunohistochemistry analyses of 103 OSCC samples.ResultsCytoplasmic HuR expression was significantly associated with COX‐2 expression (p < .025) and lymph node metastasis (p < .050) and distant metastasis (p < .025). In multivariate analysis, cytoplasmic HuR expression was identified as an independent prognostic parameter for reduced overall survival. The inhibition of HuR expression by siRNA or leptomycin B (LMB) caused a reduction in the inducibility of COX‐2 in oral cancer cells.ConclusionOur results indicate that the cytoplasmic expression of HuR is associated with COX‐2 expression in OSCCs and HuR can regulate COX‐2 expression in oral cancer cell lines. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Synthesis and Characterization of a Block Copolymer Containing Regioregular Poly(3‐hexylthiophene) and Poly(γ‐benzyl‐L‐glutamate)
Authors: Hundt Nadia , Hoang Quan , Nguyen Hien , Sista Prakash , Hao Jing , Servello John , Palaniappan Kumaranand , Alemseghed Mussie , Biewer Michael C. , Stefan Mihaela C. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPoly(3‐hexylthiophene)‐b‐poly(γ‐benzyl‐L‐glutamate) (P3HT‐b‐PBLG) rod–rod diblock copolymer was synthesized by a ring‐opening polymerization of γ‐benzyl‐L‐glutamate‐N‐carboxyanhydride using a benzylamine‐terminated regioregular P3HT macroinitiator. The opto‐electronic properties of the diblock copolymer have been investigated. The P3HT precursor and the P3HT‐b‐PBLG have similar UV–Vis spectra both in solution and solid state, indicating that the presence of PBLG block does not decrease the effective conjugation length of the semiconducting polythiophene segment. The copolymer displays solvatochromic behavior in THF/water mixtures. The morphology of the diblock copolymer depends upon the solvent used for film casting and annealing results in morphological changes for both films deposited from chloroform and trichlorobenzene. magnified image
Influence of surface texture on electrochemical potential
Authors: Alar V. , Runje B. , Baršić G. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn this Paper potentiodynamic and Tafel (anodic and cathodic) polarization tests were conducted in order to relate the dependence of surface roughness on the resistance to pitting corrosion (pitting potential) of AISI 316 stainless steel in spring water at 20°C. Furthermore, uniform corrosion resistance of AISI 316 steel was studied. Tests were performed on seven samples that were polished with emery paper with silicon carbide particles of various grits. Using scanning electron microscope qualitative evaluation of surface roughness was done, and roughness parameter Ra was measured using stylus instrument. Achieved results show that with decreasing mean arithmetic deviation of profile investigated surface significantly increases the resistance to pitting potential, and expands the passivation area of the AISI 316 stainless steel in spring water.In dieser Arbeit wurde der Einfluss von der Rauhheit der Oberfläche auf die Beständigkeit des Stahles AISI 316 gegen die Lochfraßkorrosion (pitting Potenzial) im Quellwasser bei 20°C anhand von elektrochemischen Methoden der Tafel (anodische und kathodischen) und potenziodynamischen Polarisierung untersucht. Auch die Tendenz des Stahles zur allgemeinen Korrosion wurde untersucht. Die Tests wurden anhand von sieben Proben, die mit Schleifpapier mit Siliziumkarbid – Partikeln verschiedener Körnungen poliert wurden, durchgeführt. Die Proben sind qualitativ auf den Zustand der Oberfläche geprüft worden, wobei ein Elektronenmikroskop angewendet wurde. Zusätzlich wurden auch die Parameter der Rauhheit Ra gemessen. Die erzielten Resultate zeigen, dass ausgehend vom untersuchten Profil der Oberfläche mit abnehmender mittlerer arithmetischer Abweichung die Beständigkeit gegen Lochfraßpotenzial erhöht wird. Außerdem wird der Bereich der Passivierung des Edelstahles AISI 316 im Quellwasser erweitert.
Consideration of fundamental influence parameters for the simulation of sheet‐metal forming processes by means of plastic melt pressure
Authors: Behrens B.‐A. , Bouguecha A. , Götze T. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA numerical simulation of an active media based forming process has been carried out by means of the finite element method, where molten plastic was used as pressure medium. The material behaviour of the sheet metal component has been modelled in the FEA package Ls‐Dynawith a temperature dependent elasto‐plastic material model. Besides that, the interaction between the sheet metal component and the molten plastic has been realized by means of the fluid structure coupling. The fundamental process parameters for a realistic modelling of the process under study were considered within the framework of this research. The represented numerical results show a good agreement with experimentally determined results.Mit Hilfe der Finite‐Element Methode wurde ein wirkmedienbasierter Blechumformprozess numerisch abgebildet. Als Wirkmedium wurde ein schmelzflüssiger Kunststoff eingesetzt. Neben der temperaturabhängigen elasto‐plastischen Modellierung des Blechs wurde die Interaktion zwischen dem Blechbauteil und der Kunststoffschmelze über die Fluid‐Struktur‐Kopplung innerhalb des FE‐Systems Ls‐Dynarealisiert. Die dargestellten Berechnungsergebnisse zeigen gute Übereinstimmungen mit experimentell ermittelten Ergebnissen. Die wesentlichen prozessspezifischen Parameter für eine realitätsnahe Abbildung des untersuchten Fertigungsprozesses wurden im Rahmen dieser Arbeit berücksichtigt und qualifiziert.
Toward process optimization in laser welding of metal to polymer
Authors: Tillmann W. , Elrefaey A. , Wojarski L. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe joining technology of dissimilar lightweight materials between metals and polymer is essential for realizing cars with hybrid structures and for other engineering applications. These types of joints are still difficult to generate and their behaviour is not fully understood. Laser welding offers specific process advantages over conventional technologies, such as short process times, while providing optically and qualitatively valuable weld seams and imposing minimal thermal stress. Furthermore, the process is compatible with automation. This paper summarizes the efforts to attain suitable joint strengths with the stainless steel plate type S30400 and a Polyethylene Terephtalate Glycol (PETG) plastic sheet. The study considers the optimization of two important process parameters, namely laser power, and welding speed. Microstructure features, test of tensile shear strength, investigation of the fracture location, and morphology were used to evaluate the joint performance. The result indicates that there is an optimum value for laser power, which achieves a sufficient melting and heat transfer to the joint without decomposing the plastic sheet and hence, enables to obtain high joint strength. Moreover, a low welding speed is preferable in most combinations of welding parameters since it achieves an adequate melting and wetting of the polymer to the steel surface.Das Fügen der artungleichen Leichtbauwerkstoffe Metall und Kunststoff ist im hybriden Automobilbau wie auch anderen Ingenieursanwendungen essentiell. Derartige Fügeverbunde sind immer noch schwierig umsetzbar und ihr Verhalten ist noch nicht vollständig erforscht. Laserstrahlschweißen bietet gegenüber konventionellen Verfahren prozessspezifische Vorteile wie kurze Taktzeiten bei gleichzeitig optisch wie qualitativ hochwertigen Schweißnähten und geringen thermisch induzierten Eigenspannungen. Weiterhin ist der Prozess leicht automatisierbar. In den vorliegenden Untersuchungen wurden der Stahl S30400 und Polyethylene Terephtalate Glycol (PETG) erfolgreich gefügt und moderate Festigkeiten wurden erzielt. Innerhalb der Untersuchungen wurde der Einfluss der beiden wichtigsten Prozessparameter, die Laserleistung und die Verfahrgeschwindigkeit, analysiert. Die Mikrostruktur, Scherzugfestigkeit, Bruchfläche und Morphologie wurden untersucht, um die Verbundperformance zu bewerten. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass es ein Optimum für die Laserleistung gibt, die eine ausreichende Aufschmelzung und Wärmeleitung in der Fügezone sicher stellt, ohne den Kunststoff zu zersetzen und führt somit zu einer hohen Festigkeit. Darüber hinaus ist eine geringe Schweißgeschwindigkeit vorzuziehen, da sie ein adäquates Aufschmelzen und Benetzen des Polymers auf der Stahloberfläche erlaubt.
Analysis on the micro structural material characteristic of the DC06 steel by the plastic deformation
Authors: Gershteyn G. , Nowak M. , Schaper M. , Bach Fr.‐W. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractDie vorliegende Arbeit ist als Teil des Projekts zur Erforschung der mikrostrukturellen Werkstoffcharakteristik bei der plastischen Umformung von Stählen entstanden. Es wurde ein gemeinsames Ziel verfolgt: die Strukturanalyse der umgeformten Proben unterschiedlichen Umformgrades und die Definition des Gesamtspektrums der Größenordnungsniveau der Struktur. Dafür wurden die Versetzungsstruktur‐ und Kornstrukturänderungen in Abhängigkeit von der Größe der plastischen Umformung ermittelt und die bei der plastischen Umformung gebildeten Strukturen ausgewertet. Die Strukturuntersuchungen des Stahls DC06 wurden mit Hilfe der Lichtmikroskopie und der Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie durchgeführt. Die mikrostrukturellen Untersuchungen der Rissinitiierung des Stahls DC06 dienen der Definition der Versagensgrenzen.This paper presents part of the project for investigation on the microstructural characteristic by the plastic deformation of the DC06 steel. The aim of the work is common objective of the dislocation structure and the grain structure changes in the connection to the size of the plastic deformation and also the definition of the overall spectrum of the scale level. Moreover the precise analysis of the crack initiation of the DC06 steel provides to the definition of the breakdown boundaries. A whole microstructure research of the material was carried out with the use of the light microscopy and the transmission electron microscopy.
Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials are intact in cervical dystonia
Authors: Rosengren Sally M. , Colebatch James G. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractVestibular dysfunction has been reported in patients with cervical dystonia (CD), but it is still unclear whether the abnormalities occur as part of the CD syndrome or whether they arise from the abnormal posture and movement of the head. We compared vestibular‐evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) recorded from the affected neck muscles (i.e., cervical VEMPs) with those recorded from muscles unaffected by the dystonia, the extraocular muscles (i.e., ocular VEMPs). We compared 21 patients and age‐matched normal controls to investigate whether these short‐latency reflexes are altered in CD. We also measured subjective visual horizontal (SVH). Seven patients had not received botulinum toxin treatment (naïve group), 10 were receiving regular injections (treatment group), and four had previously received treatment but had developed antibodies (antibody group). Both cervical and ocular VEMPs were present in the majority of patients and controls. For both reflexes, there were no significant differences between stimulation of the two sides of the head, between the treatment groups, or between the patients and controls. There was also no difference in degree of deviation of SVH between the groups. Our results showed that VEMPs can be reliably recorded from both the neck and extraocular muscles in patients with CD, even after long disease or treatment durations, and provide evidence for intact short‐latency vestibular reflexes in CD. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society.
Loss of sensory function in patients with idiopathic hand dystonia
Authors: Suttrup Inga , Oberdiek Denise , Suttrup Judith , Osada Nani , Evers Stefan , Marziniak Martin 
Published: October 2010

AbstractFormer studies suggest an additional involvement of the sensory nervous system, beside the involuntary contractions of antagonist muscles, in idiopathic hand dystonia. We studied contact heat‐evoked potentials and quantitative sensory testing (QST) in 10 patients suffering from idiopathic hand dystonia and 10 age‐matched healthy controls. Cortical potentials recorded from the vertex (Pz) after contact heat stimulation of the volar forearm and the dorsum of the hand at a temperature of 51°C showed significantly reduced A‐δ‐amplitudes. Numerical pain ratings on the affected side in comparison to the unaffected side and to healthy controls were significantly reduced. QST results showed an impairment of the thermal detection thresholds, the mechanical pain sensitivity and the mechanical pain threshold at the affected body side of the patients. Our results suggest a loss of distinct sensory functions of the affected hand in comparison with the contralateral hand and to matched healthy subjects in patients suffering from idiopathic hand dystonia. For the first time, an extended loss of sensory function could be shown in patients suffering from idiopathic hand dystonia. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society.
Estimation of poromechanical and thermal conductivity properties of unsaturated isotropically microcracked cement pastes
Authors: Bary Benoît 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis study focuses on the estimation of mechanical, hydromechanical and thermal conduction parameters of isotropic microcracked hydrated cement pastes in unsaturated conditions. The prediction of these parameters is obtained as a function of saturation degree and isotropic microcrack density parameter by applying an explicit effective medium approximation scheme on the basis of a simple microstructure description of the material. This latter is supposed to be composed of a homogeneous matrix in which are distributed ellipsoidal particles and penny‐shaped inclusions representing pores and microcracks, respectively. These two types of inclusions are assumed to be of well‐separated sizes so that a two‐step homogenization procedure is employed. The effects of the pore shape and both open and close microcracks on the considered physical properties are investigated in partially saturated conditions by adopting a simplified desaturation–resaturation scenario. It is shown that the saturation degree repercussions on these properties increase when the pores have an oblate shape with low aspect ratio. Moreover, while Biot coefficient and thermal conductivity are significantly affected by saturation degree, undrained mechanical parameters appear to be only moderately modified by this factor. Besides, as expected microcracks induce important changes in all properties. The effects of the adsorbed water layers covering the surface of desaturated pores on the Biot coefficient are investigated by making use of the disjoining pressure concept, and results show only a moderate influence for very small pores. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
IKBKE is over‐expressed in glioma and contributes to resistance of glioma cells to apoptosis via activating NF‐κB
Authors: Guan Hongyu , Zhang Heng , Cai Junchao , Wu Jueheng , Yuan Jie , Li Jun , Huang Zhengsong , Li Mengfeng 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIκB kinase‐ε (IKBKE), a member of the IκB kinase (IKK) family, has been identified as an oncogenic protein and found to be up‐regulated in breast cancer, ovarian cancer and prostate cancer. Nonetheless, the expression status and functional significance of IKBKE in human glioma remain unexplored. For the first time, we have demonstrated that mRNA and protein levels of IKBKE were robustly up‐regulated in glioma cell lines and human primary glioma tissues. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that 53.5% (38/71) paraffin‐embedded archived glioma specimens exhibited high levels of IKBKE expression. Intriguingly, there was no significant difference in IKBKE expression among different grades of glioma. To understand the biological function of IKBKE in the development and progression of human glioma, glioma cells lines ectopically over‐expressing IKBKE were established and tested for their responsiveness to apoptotic inducers. Our data showed that IKBKE over‐expression inhibited cell apoptosis induced by UV irradiation or adriamycin and, in contrast, shRNAi‐mediated suppression of IKBKE increased the sensitivity of glioma cells to the apoptotic inducers. Importantly, we found that up‐regulated IKBKE could induce the expression of Bcl‐2 through activating NF‐κB signalling, and that, specifically, we identified IκB as a critical component for this signalling cascade. The current study suggests that up‐regulation of IKBKE may represent an important molecular hallmark that is biologically and clinically relevant to the development and progression, as well as the chemo‐ and radio‐resistance, of the disease. Copyright © 2010 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemical modification of chloromethylated polysulfones via click reactions
Authors: Gaina Constantin , Gaina Viorica , Ionita Daniela 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA new approach to the modification of azidomethyl polyethersulfones using click reactions with acetylenic derivatives in the presence of CuBr as catalyst is presented. An azidomethyl polyethersulfone was prepared by the reaction of chloromethylated polysulfone with sodium azide in dimethylformamide. By the Cu(I)‐catalysed Huisgen 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction of the azidomethyl polyethersulfone to acetylenic derivatives, new polyethersulfones containing 1,2,3‐triazole rings were obtained. The structures of the polymers were confirmed using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared and NMR spectroscopy. The polymers were characterized using dynamic mechanical analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, stress‐strain and water contact angle measurements and solubility tests. The polymers bearing 1,2,3‐triazole rings having OH or COOH as substituents exhibited static contact angles smaller than that of the parent polyethersulfone. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Steps towards integration of PV‐electricity into the GRID
Authors: Baumgartner F. P. , Achtnich T. , Remund J. , Gnos S. , Nowak S. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe high growth rate of photovoltaic (PV) installations leads to the question about the consequences for grid integration and management. As a case study, we present an analysis of the first limits for the amount of PV electricity in the utility grid of the greater Zurich area. The first limit is found at an amount of 6% of the yearly electricity generation from PV, where the PV generation capacity begins to exceed the daytime increase of the load profile. This scenario assumes no changes of the daily constant base load generation. If the PV power is further increased to an amount of 10% of the overall electricity generation, about 8% of the PV electricity production could find no demand, starting with a surplus of PV production at noon at sunny weekends in summer time. This would reduce the nominal working hours of the PV plants by 8%, increasing the PV generation costs by the same factor. An amount of 17% of PV generation can be reached in the Zurich utility grid by storing the surplus of unused PV electricity as produced, by the widely available pumped hydro plants in the Swiss Alps. The 17% PV target would also be possible without storage, but it would require reducing the base load power production in favour of PV electricity generation. To further increase the amount of PV electricity generation above 20%, low cost storage means or changes of the load profile would be required. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Anti‐reflection and hydrophobic characteristics of M‐PDMS based moth‐eye nano‐patterns on protection glass of photovoltaic systems
Authors: Shin Ju‐Hyeon , Han Kang‐Soo , Lee Heon 
Published: October 2010

AbstractTo maximize the incident light, moth‐eye nano‐patterns were formed on a glass plate that was used as the protection glass for photovoltaic systems. These moth‐eye nano‐patterns were formed using a nano‐imprint lithography process and increased the transmittance of the glass plate by minimizing the reflection of light at the surface. After the formation of the moth‐eye nano‐patterns, the surface was coated with a trichloro‐silane based self‐assembled monolayer in order to create a hydrophobic surface because the hydrophobic surface induced a self‐cleaning effect. The transmittance of the glass plate increased from 91 to 94% at wavelength of 500 nm after the moth‐eye structure was introduced. Thus, the short circuit current (JSC) of the I–V characteristics and the charged capacity of the photovoltaic system increased up to 6% after replacing the conventional protection glass with the moth‐eye nano‐patterned glass. The durability of the moth‐eye nano‐patterns was evaluated with respect to an acidic environment, high temperatures and UV irradiation. From these evaluation results, the values of the transmittance and contact angle did not decrease after the nano‐patterns were soaked in sulfuric acid solutions with a pH of 2.0 for 48 h, exposed to a temperature of 120°C for 48 h, and irradiated 10 times with UV light for 4 h. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.