bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adverse Effects of Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Versus Open Retropubic Radical Prostatectomy Among a Nationwide Random Sample of Medicare-Age Men
Authors: Barry Michael J. , Gallagher Patricia M. , Skinner Jonathan S. , Fowler Floyd J. 
Published: January 2012

Purpose Robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is eclipsing open radical prostatectomy among men with clinically localized prostate cancer. The objective of this study was to compare the risks of problems with continence and sexual function following these procedures among Medicare-age men. Patients and Methods A population-based random sample was drawn from the 20% Medicare claims files for August 1, 2008, through December 31, 2008. Participants had hospital and physician claims for radical prostatectomy and diagnostic codes for prostate cancer and reported undergoing either a robotic or open surgery. They received a mail survey that included self-ratings of problems with continence and sexual function a median of 14 months postoperatively. Results Completed surveys were obtained from 685 (86%) of 797 eligible participants, and 406 and 220 patients reported having had robotic or open surgery, respectively. Overall, 189 (31.1%; 95% CI, 27.5% to 34.8%) of 607 men reported having a moderate or big problem with continence, and 522 (88.0%; 95% CI, 85.4% to 90.6%) of 593 men reported having a moderate or big problem with sexual function. In logistic regression models predicting the log odds of a moderate or big problem with postoperative continence and adjusting for age and educational level, robotic prostatectomy was associated with a nonsignificant trend toward greater problems with continence (odds ratio [OR] 1.41; 95% CI, 0.97 to 2.05). Robotic prostatectomy was not associated with greater problems with sexual function (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.51 to 1.49). Conclusion Risks of problems with continence and sexual function are high after both procedures. Medicare-age men should not expect fewer adverse effects following robotic prostatectomy.
Photomechanical Motion of Furylfulgide Crystals
Authors: Koshima Hideko , Nakaya Hidemitsu , Uchimoto Hidetaka , Ojima Naoko 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Plate-like microcrystals of a photochromic furylfulgide bend toward the light upon UV irradiation and then straighten upon visible light irradiation. The reversible bending was observed over 200 cycles of alternating irradiation with UV and visible light. The mechanism of bending could be explained by the X-ray crystallographic data.
Molecular Gyroscope with a trans-Cyclohexane-1,4-diimine Rotor Unit: Isolation and Characterization of a Geometric Isomer as a Formal Intermediate of Hindered Rotation
Authors: Sugino Hiroyoshi , Kawai Hidetoshi , Fujiwara Kenshu , Suzuki Takanori 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Condensation reactions of macrocyclic diamines 1 and cyclohexane-1,4-dicarbaldehydes 2 with the substituents at 1,4-positions gave a series of macrocage molecules that can be considered molecular gyroscopes. The gyro-rotational behavior of the cyclohexane rotor is largely affected by the degree of steric requirement of the substituents, and isolation of syn-isomer suggests stepwise motion in the macrocages attached with bulky substituents on the rotor.
A Case Study of a Collaborative Digital Workflow in the Design and Production of Formwork for ‘Non-Standard’ Concrete Structures
Authors: Williams Nicholas , Stehling Hanno , Scheurer Fabian , Oesterle Silvan , Kohler Matthias , Gramazio Fabio 
Published: January 2012

This paper presents an overview of ongoing research from within the Tailorcrete research project into the development of CAD tools for the design and realization of ‘non-standard’ concrete structures. The focus is on concrete formwork, a significant factor affecting cost, logistics and aesthetics. With a process spanning a broad range of expertise, collaboration through an effective digital workflow is vital to the successful execution of such structures. As a concept for this workflow, a working model of a Design System is described and its development discussed. This focuses on three aspects: (1) the identification of key Use-Cases; (2) the definition of Formwork Systems; and (3) the definition of communication between software elements to provide relevant means of collaboration for expert users. An implementation as a package of software prototypes is also briefly presented. This includes a Base Framework, tools targeting Use-Cases and components relating to specific formwork systems.
Occupational radiation exposure and pregnancy in orthopaedics
Authors: Uzoigwe C. E. , Middleton R. G. 
Published: January 2012

Radiological imaging is necessary in a wide variety of trauma and elective orthopaedic operations. The evolving orthopaedic workforce includes an increasing number of pregnant workers. Current legislation in the United Kingdom, Europe and United States allows them to choose their degree of participation, if any, with fluoroscopic procedures. For those who wish to engage in radiation-prone procedures, specific regulations apply to limit the radiation dose to the pregnant worker and unborn child. This paper considers those aspects of radiation protection, the potential effects of exposure to radiation in pregnancy and the dose of radiation from common orthopaedic procedures, which are important for safe clinical practice.
Characteristics and outcome in patients sustaining a second contralateral fracture of the hip
Authors: Sawalha S. , Parker M. J. 
Published: January 2012

We compared 5341 patients with an initial fracture of the hip with 633 patients who sustained a second fracture of the contralateral hip. Patients presenting with a second fracture were more likely to be institutionalised, female, older, and have lower mobility and mental test scores. There was no significant difference between the two groups with regards to the change in the level of mobility or return to their original residence at one year follow-up. However, the mortality rate in the second fracture group was significantly higher at one year (31.6% vs 27.3%, p = 0.024). In two thirds of patients, the second fracture was in the same anatomical location as the first. In an analysis of 293 patients, approximately 70% of second fractures occurred within three years of the first.This is the largest study to investigate the outcome of patients who sustain a second contralateral hip fracture. Despite the higher mortality rate at one year, the outcome for surviving patients is not significantly different from those after initial hip fractures.
Gas Well Productivity Enhancement through Re-Perforation
Authors: Aftab M. N. , Qureshi I. , Ashraf M. , Khattak K. , Abdul Jamil A. H. , Ahmed S. , Bashir A. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
The productivity of the perforated wells is controlled by several perforating parameters; perforation length, perforation diameter, degree of the damage around the perforation tunnels, shot density, and perforation phasing angle. In a new well, once the well is perforated and the production is tested, the well is then killed and completed. Even with the used of non-aggressive kill fluid and non-damaging completion fluid, some degree of formation and perforations damages are induced during well killing and completion operations. Reduction of well productivity post completion compared to pre-completion is often observed.
The well productivity can be restored by stimulation treatment which is commonly successful practice in carbonate oil reservoirs but this option can be complicated when it comes to sandstone and gas reservoirs. Production enhancement through matrix stimulation on sandstone and gas wells has much lower success rate. This option is even more difficult in cases where reservoir information is limited. Restoring the gas well productivity to the initial pre-completion condition is challenging and most gas wells unable to deliver the expected production.
This paper describes a case history of a gas well in sandstone reservoir, where productivity falls dramatically after completion. Proper investigations were carried out through well test evaluations and comparisons to pre-completion tests which showed high degree of formation and perforation damages. Potential root causes from completion activities which contributed to the damages were identified. Several productivity enhancement options were evaluated in order to restore the well productivity. Re-perforation option was selected as the best option with lowest risk to induced further damage to the formation as well as being the most economical option available. Re-perforation was carried out on the same interval as the original perforations using reactive liner perforating technology. Reactive liner perforating technology was used as it is independent of rock properties and wellbore conditions. The technology also has successful track record especially in tight sandstone reservoirs. Post re-perforation well tests indicated significant production rates improvement as a result from successful re-perforation. In addition, the paper summarizes the key learning’s that will assist operators when attempting to enhance gas well productivity through re-perforation.
Successful Implementation of Interact (Real Time Data Transmission) in Testing Services to Allow Remote Witnessing of Testing Operations and Multipoint Collaboration (Latif Gas Field - A Success Story)
Authors: Ahmed Tofeeq , Siddiqui Moien , Hussain Amjad , Shin Chia Boon , Hussain Asif , Butt Zia Nabi , Nouman Rao 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Secure monitoring of well site operations via Internet has made a significant impact on how oil and gas companies plan and execute their operations. InterACT is web-based application used to witness and deliver well site data in real time using a reliable Internet hub.
InterACT in Testing Services is enjoying a number of advantages which can be summarized as below: ■Allow immediate and better decision making with rapid data interpretation and remote expert support.■At any time during or after the test, data can be downloaded and imported into E&P software tools for further analysis, and their results and reports can be posted back unto the InterACT hub.■Reduce costs through optimized cleanups and shorter well tests.■Reduce travel and logistical costs, as well as HSE exposure.■Enable remote operations with limited local support■Provide data confidentiality with secured login and continuous encrypted transmission.
Data from DART, Vx Multiphase flow meter, events, real time plots and any other data useful for operations can be monitored at bases and offices of E & P companies especially for exploration and remote location wells for expert’s opinion and making timely decisions.
Theme of this paper is to demonstrate different steps to design and plan InterACT job on an exploratory well of OMV Pakistan. It also describes successful implementation of InterACT technology which was introduced first time in Pakistan and its advantages for Exploration and Production (E & P) companies.
National surveillance for human and pet contact with oral rabies vaccine baits, 2001–2009
Authors: Roess Amira A. , Rea Nancy , Lederman Edith , Dato Virginia , Chipman Richard , Slate Dennis , Reynolds Mary G. , Damon Inger K. , Rupprecht Charles E. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Objective—To determine the rate and absolute number of human and pet exposures to oral rabies vaccine (ORV) bait containing liquid vaccinia rabies glycoprotein recombinant vaccine and to evaluate factors that might affect human contact with bait to modify the program and reduce human exposure to the vaccine.
Design—Retrospective analysis of surveillance data (2001 to 2009).
Sample—Reports on human and pet contact with ORV baits in states with ORV surveillance programs.
Procedures—Data were collected from passive, multistate ORV surveillance systems in Alabama, Arizona, Florida, Georgia, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, and West Virginia. Data collected included the nature of human or pet contact with bait and vaccine, the caller's knowledge of the ORV bait program, local human population density, and other relevant demographic data.
Results—All 18 states participated in the surveillance program for at least 1 year, fora combined 68 years of observation. One thousand four hundred thirty-six calls were reported, representing 3,076 found baits (6.89/100,000 baits dropped); 296 (20%) calls were related to human contact with ruptured bait, and 550 (38%) involved pet contact with the bait. Six adverse events in humans were reported, one of which required hospitalization. Fifty-nine adverse events in pets were noted, all of which were nonserious.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Findings from surveillance activities have been used to improve baiting strategies and minimize human and pet contact with ORV baits. Overall, human and pet contact with ORV baits was infrequent. Surveillance has led to early identification of persons exposed to ORV and rapid intervention.
A Method to Use Modis Water Vapor Products For Correction of Atmospheric-Induced Phase in Interferogram
Authors: Keeratikasikorn Chaiyapon , Trisirisatayawong Itthi 
Published: January 2012

A Method to Use Modis Water Vapor Products For Correction of Atmospheric-Induced Phase in InterferogramDInSAR is a major space-geodetic technique widely used in the study of earth surface deformation. A major source of phase errors in DInSAR technique is heterogeneous phase delay caused mainly by variation of water vapors in troposphere, which is a factor limiting applications of DInSAR mainly to arid areas. This paper presents study results of three methods to correct atmospheric phase errors in DInSAR interferograms formed by TerraSAR-X images. The first method is the use of wet delay derived directly from MODIS precipitable water vapor product. The second method employs ground-based meteorological data to calibrate MODIS PWV before computing phase delays. The third method improves the second method by estimating the expected MODIS PWV value at the time of the TerraSAR-X image acquisitions which over the Bangkok test area is 5 hour earlier than that of MODIS. The time-shifted linear fit model along with the IDW interpolation is used to estimate more realistic phase delays over entire imaging area. From the study of this tropical test area, this time-corrected method provides best results while the second method also achieves a significantly better result than those obtained from direct use of MODIS PWV data.
Experimental and theoretical studies on heat and mass transfer in anti-condensation coatings
Authors: Grzebielec Andrzej , Rusowicz Artur 
Published: January 2012

Experimental and theoretical studies on heat and mass transfer in anti-condensation coatings
Anti-condensation coatings are widely used in refrigeration, air conditioning and ships technology. They can store a certain amount of water in its own volume, and then return it back in favorable conditions. Anti-condensation coatings are used also to protect structures from the moisture. This paper presents the results of experimental research on heat and mass transfer in an anti-condensation coating under natural and forced convection. Experimental results are obtained for horizontal and inclined plates. Experimental data are compared with different models of computation.
Die Allokation der Waldbetretung, ein Beispiel für das Problem gesellschaftlicher Kosten (Essay)
Authors: Deegen Peter 
Published: January 2012

The allocation of rights of access to forests as an example of the problem of social cost (essay)
This paper analyses the allocation of rights of access to forests in Switzerland. The starting point is the fact that free access to forests, such as is seen in Switzerland, is leading to an increase in the use of forests for recreation and subsequent competition with other rights of forest use. A four-stage analysis is implemented in this paper. In the first stage, the well-known farmer-rancher-approach proposed by Coase is applied in order to explain the conflict of use between the two groups, recreational forest users and forest owners. In the second stage, the number of conflicts of use is multiplied by dividing the recreational forest users into subgroups and adding further user groups, such as hunters or nature conservationists. The observed conflicts of use and the solutions with regard to rights of access to forests are very diverse, specific and subject to spatial variability. Since all solutions incur transaction costs, these are the focus of the third stage of the paper. The cost of political and bureaucratic coordination is given special consideration, since this is where Buchanan says the allocation of transaction costs takes on a special dimension, namely, the gradual loss of individual rights, caused by the growth of bureaucracy and politically motivated interests. Thus, the fourth and final stage suggests stronger use of civil law options in solving conflicts of use involving access to forests, since civil law is based on historic and evolutionary rules of just conduct. These rules, in which private and public property is managed by associations, have evolved over a long period of time and are strongly anchored in the common heritage of Swiss society.
Coase und der Schutz vor Naturgefahren durch den Wald – eine institutionenökonomische Analyse
Authors: Weiss Gerhard , Meier-Glaser Adrian L. 
Published: January 2012

Coase and the role of forests in the protection against natural hazards – an institutional-economic analysis
Protection against natural hazards has – like many other forest ecosystem services – public commodity characteristics and is a typical example of the external effects of forest management. However, the legal regulations of its provision differ in Austria and Switzerland. This article thus questions which institutional arrangements for the governance of protective forests exist and which are applied in practice. It describes the problem from an institutional economic perspective according to Coase, analyses in detail the example of Austria, compares it with the Canton of Bern in Switzerland, and draws conclusions and presents recommendations. The results show that the property rights on protection against natural hazards lie with the beneficiaries, but that in both countries the majority of the costs for protective forest management are passed on to the public. Despite the differing legislations, in neither country the costs are borne by the beneficiaries. This is due to the complexity of the ecosystem, the self-interests of the stakeholders, and the specific distribution of power. The “un-bundling” of property rights seems difficult to implement. Alternative institutional arrangements would be such forest management solutions in which most property rights lie in one hand, which would be the case in local joint forest ownership. Leasing, associations, or cooperative solutions would also come close to this ideal.
Pyrrole-Imidazole Polyamide Targeting Transforming Growth Factor β1 Ameliorates Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis
Authors: Serie Kazuo , Fukuda Noboru , Nakai Shigeki , Matsuda Hiroyuki , Maruyama Takashi , Murayama Yoshinobu , Omata Sadao 
Published: January 2012

Objective Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a devastating fibrotic complication in patients treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD). Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) is a pivotal factor in the induction of EPS. Methods To develop pyrrole-imidazole (PI) polyamide, a novel gene silencer, targeted to the TGF-β1 promoter (Polyamide) for EPS, we examined the effects of Polyamide on messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of TGF-β 1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and extracellular matrix (ECM) in mesothelial cells in vitro, and on the thickness of injured peritoneum evaluated by histology and high- resolution regional elasticity mapping in rats in vivo. Results Polyamide significantly lowered mRNA expression of TGF-β 1 and ECM in vitro. Polyamide labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate was taken up into the injured peritoneum and was strongly localized in the nuclei of most cells. Polyamide 1 mg was injected intraperitoneally 1 or 3 times in rats receiving a daily intraperitoneal injection of chlorhexidine gluconate and ethanol (CHX) for 14 days. Polyamide significantly suppressed peritoneal thickening and the abundance of TGF-β 1 and fibronectin mRNA, but did not affect expression of VEGF mRNA in the injured peritoneum. Elasticity distribution mapping showed that average elasticity was significantly lower in Polyamide-treated rats than in rats treated solely with CHX. Conclusions Polyamide suppressed the stiffness, ECM formation, and thickening of the injured peritoneum that occurs during EPS pathogenesis. These data suggest that PI polyamide targeted to the TGF-β 1 promoter will be a specific and feasible therapeutic strategy for patients with EPS.
BANCO DE BILBAO HEADQUARTERS: FIRST LOW-ENERGY BUILDING IN SPAIN?
Authors: Gómez César Martín 
Published: January 2012

Francisco Javier Sáenz de Oíza was perhaps the greatest architect of the twentieth century in Spain, and his masterpiece was the Banco de Bilbao Headquarters, located in the Paseo de la Castellana in Madrid (Spain). Sáenz de Oíza was a university professor in the Installations and Energy Areas at the University of Madrid. For him, concepts such as indoor comfort, lighting, heat production, cooling, and solar houses were an indispensable part of the student's learning and, of course, he included them in his building design. He applied these concepts in the Banco de Bilbao Headquarters. Therefore, the purpose of this paper will be to examine the Banco de Bilbao technical knowledge in depth—including its passive architectonical design—and to present the main good decisions (and mistakes) of this first low-energy Spanish building after almost 30 years of intensive use, to extend its lessons for future buildings.
Dispositifs de formation en anglais à l'Espace Multimédia (Montpellier-III). Description et approche critique
Authors: Vincent-Durroux Laurence , Poussard Cécile 
Published: January 2012

Cet article présente l’Espace Multimédia de l’Université Paul-Valéry (Montpellier-III) ; après une description du lieu, du public et des langues proposées, les auteurs proposent une description, assortie d’une évaluation critique des dispositifs mis en œuvre pour la formation en anglais des étudiants non-spécialistes. Pour le premier cycle, il s’agit d’un dispositif mixte, faisant alterner le travail autonome et les séances de groupe. Pour le second cycle, il s’agit d’un dispositif d’autoformation guidée, incluant des séances de tutorat, de travail autonome et de pratique orale.