bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Use of Chatbots in Head and Neck Mucosal Malignancy Treatment Recommendations
Authors: Washington Caretia J. , Abouyared Marianne , Karanth Shama , Braithwaite Dejana , Birkeland Andrew , Silverman Dustin A. , Chen Si 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveAs cancer patients increasingly use chatbots, it is crucial to recognize ChatGPT's potential in enhancing health literacy while ensuring validation to prevent misinformation. This study aims to assess ChatGPT‐3.5's capability to provide appropriate staging and treatment recommendations for head and neck mucosal malignancies for vulnerable populations.Study Design and SettingForty distinct clinical vignettes were introduced into ChatGPT to inquire about staging and treatment recommendations for head and neck mucosal malignancies.MethodsPrompts were created based on head and neck cancer (HNC) disease descriptions (cancer location, tumor size, lymph node involvement, and symptoms). Staging and treatment recommendations according to the 2021 National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines were scored by three fellowship‐trained HNC surgeons from two separate tertiary care institutions. HNC surgeons assessed the accuracy of staging and treatment recommendations, such as the completeness of surgery and the appropriateness of treatment modality.ResultsWhereas ChatGPT's responses were 95% accurate at recommending the correct first‐line treatment based on the 2021 NCCN guidelines, 55% of the responses contained inaccurate staging. Neck dissection was incorrectly omitted from treatment recommendations in 50% of the cases. Moreover, 40% of ChatGPT's treatment recommendations were deemed unnecessary.ConclusionThis study emphasizes ChatGPT's potential in HNC patient education, aligning with NCCN guidelines for mucosal malignancies, but highlights the importance of ongoing refinement and scrutiny due to observed inaccuracies in tumor, nodal, metastasis staging, incomplete surgery options, and inappropriate treatment recommendations. Otolaryngologists can use this information to caution patients, families, and trainees regarding the use of ChatGPT for HNC education without expert guidance.
Evaluation of Cochlear Implantation in Children With Cochlear Nerve Absence or Deficiency
Authors: Shakhtour Leyn B. , Song Sophia , Orobello Nicklas C. , Garrett Samuel , Ambrose Tracey , Behzadpour Hengameh K. , Vezina Gilbert , Preciado Diego A. , Reilly Brian K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo identify associations between cochleovestibular anatomy findings and hearing outcomes found in children with imaging evidence of an absent or hypoplastic cochlear nerve treated with cochlear implantation (CI).Study Designretrospective review.SettingCochlear implant program at tertiary care center.MethodsA retrospective review was performed to identify children with imaging evidence of cochlear nerve absence or deficiency who underwent CI evaluation. High‐resolution 3‐dimensional T2‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging in the oblique sagittal and axial planes were reviewed by a neuroradiologist to identify cochleovestibular anatomy. Hearing was assessed pre and postoperatively with Speech Perception Category scores.ResultsSeven CI recipients were identified (n = 10 ears) who had bilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss with lack of auditory development with binaural hearing aid trial and imaging evidence of cochlear nerve aplasia/hypoplasia. All ears had 2 nerves in the cerebellopontine angle (100%, n = 10), half of the ears had evidence of 2 or less nerves in the internal auditory canal (IAC). All children showed large improvement in speech perception after CI.ConclusionOur experience with CIs for children with absent or hypoplastic cochlear nerves demonstrates that CI can be a viable option in select patients who satisfy preoperative audiological criteria. Radiological identification of a hypoplastic or aplastic cochlear nerve does not preclude auditory innervation of the cochlea. CI recipients in this subgroup must be counseled on difficulty in predicting postimplantation language and speech outcomes, and cautioned about facial nerve stimulation.
Theoretical prediction model for the compressive behavior of the hybrid tube considering compression angle
Authors: Liu Baichuan , Liang Hongyu , Pu Yongfeng , Wang Dengfeng , Chen Jing , Ma Wenting , Hu Qinchao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe oblique collision happening in vehicle accidents poses a huge threat to passive safety, which causes great difficulties in the design of energy absorption (EA) structures and the prediction of EA capacity due to its highly nonlinear deformation characteristics. This study aims to establish a theoretical prediction model for the compression performance of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP)/Al hybrid tube considering the loading angle. First, a high‐precision FE model was established to obtain the influence laws of tube diameter, Al thickness, and CFRP thickness on the crashworthiness of CFRP/Al hybrid tubes, laying the foundation for subsequent theoretical model validation. Second, by summarizing the deformation modes of hybrid tubes generated by various parameter combinations, a modified global origami deformation assumption was proposed under multi‐angle compression conditions, and the key terms in energy composition are extracted based on the initial and final states of folding elements. Third, a theoretical model for predicting the mean crushing forces (MCFs) of hybrid tubes was established by revealing the correlation mechanism between energy composition terms and loading angle. Finally, the theoretical prediction model was validated by experiment and simulation results and the application premise was given. Results showed that the theoretical prediction model was proved to be of high accuracy, as the average absolute prediction errors of MCF under axial, 10°, 20°, and 30° compression conditions were 6.54%, 4.63%, 3.72%, and 3.93%, respectively. This study provides valuable guidance for the forward design and development of multi‐material hybrid structures facing complex crushing conditions.Highlights
An analytical model of the hybrid circular tubes considering compression angle is newly proposed.
Deformation mode and axial crushing response are analyzed by experiments.
The major energy dissipation mechanism for hybrid circular tubes is explicitly derived.
The Al thickness has the most significant impact on energy absorption.
The recommendations for the design and development of hybrid tube are provided.
Phase behavior of rubber and supercritical CO2: Operating parameters and swelling characteristics
Authors: Li Xiang , Deng Xiaoqing , Liu Jianxin , Zhang Xiaolei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study aims to compare the difference in the swelling process between styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) and natural rubber (NR) in ScCO2. A high‐pressure visual stainless‐steel autoclave was used to carry out swelling measurements based on the sample dimensions. The swelling rates for both rubbers followed a first‐order kinetic model. The diffusion coefficient for CO2 was determined from the change in the swelling degree with time. The shrinking process for the expanded rubber obeyed a second‐order kinetic model. A 2‐level full factorial experimental design was employed to discuss the influence of variables on rubber swelling and CO2 diffusion. Temperature and pressure were found to have a great influence on the equilibrium swelling degree, swelling rate and diffusion coefficient. For both SBR and NR, the maximum equilibrium swelling degrees were observed at 120°C and 20 MPa, yielding values of 1.18 and 1.16, respectively. The maximum diffusion coefficient reached approximately 3 × 10−9 m2 s−1 for both types of rubber at 120°C and 8 MPa. The crosslink density failed to affect these three responses, but the volume of expansion and the shrinkage rate were found to significantly decrease and increase, respectively, with increasing crosslink density. The motion of polymer segments forced by ScCO2 led to rearrangement of the material structure, which governed the nature of swelling, expansion, and shrinkage. Due to a lower number of entanglements and a weak electrostatic interaction exists between CO2 and the π‐system, SBR can absorb more CO2 and easily restructure than NR under the same conditions, resulting in higher equilibrium swelling degree, larger expansion and faster shrinkage than NR.Highlights
Swelling of nature rubber and styrene‐butadiene rubber in ScCO2 is compared.
Swelling degree is positively correlated with temperature and pressure.
Diffusion coefficient increases with temperature but decreases with pressure.
Swelling degree varies with rubber type, while CO2 diffusion dose not.
Crosslink density significantly affects expansion and shrinkage of rubber.
School psychologists' perceptions, roles, and training regarding sexual health education for students with intellectual and developmental disabilities
Authors: Stair Anne C. , Roach Andrew T. , Graybill Emily C. , Perkins Catherine A. , Barger Brian , Mason Erin C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDespite research indicating evidence‐based sexual health education results improved student outcomes, students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD) do not typically receive sexual health education. While school psychologists possess skills that could contribute to sexual health education for students with I/DD, there is no existing research on this topic. To address this, we conducted a survey of school psychologists in a state in the Southeastern United States regarding their attitudes, perceptions of social norm and self‐efficacy, and training and familiarity in regard to sexual health education for students with I/DD. The survey's focus and design were guided by the Reasoned Action Approach. Data collection and analyzes addressed (a) the underlying structure and internal consistency of our survey's scales; (b) school psychologists' level of training, knowledge, and beliefs about implementing sexual health education programs with students with I/DD; and (c) the relationship between school psychologists' previous training, knowledge, and beliefs and their implementation of and advocacy for sexual health education for students with I/DD. Descriptive statistics, principal component analyzes, and multiple regression were used to summarize the data and address the research questions. Data from the multiple regression analysis indicated that a significant amount of the variance in participants' implementation/advocacy scores was explained by attitude, social norms, behavioral control/self‐efficacy, and training/familiarity. Our findings suggest that school psychologists' engagement in implementation of and advocacy for sexual health education for students with I/DD can be influenced by level of training and knowledge and perceived capability and behavioral control.
Effects of rapid maxillary expansion on upper airway parameters in OSA children with maxillary restriction: A CBCT study
Authors: Zreaqat Maen , Hassan Rozita , Alforaidi Sahal , Kassim Nur Karyatee 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundRapid maxillary expansion (RME) has been proposed as an effective treatment for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and maxillary restriction in children. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of RME appliances on the nasomaxillary complex dimensions in children with OSA and maxillary constriction.MethodsThis prospective longitudinal study included 34 children aged 8–12 years with maxillary restriction and OSA confirmed by polysomnography who had completed RME therapy. The nasomaxillary complex is segmented into the nasal cavity, maxillary sinuses, and nasopharynx. The effect of RME on nasomaxillary complex dimensions was assessed pre and posttreatment using cone‐beam computed tomography, analysis, while a second standard overnight polysomnography (PSG) was performed to assess changes in respiratory parameters.ResultsSignificant improvements were observed, including inferior maxillary dislocation (S‐S1 distance and N‐ANS), increased anterior and posterior facial height, and a 5.43 events/h reduction in Apnea‐Hypopnea Index (p < .001). The nasal cavity volume increased by 2439 (±584) mm3 (p < .001), nasopharynx size increased by 883 (±479) mm3 (p = .008), mid cross‐sectional area increased by 31.74 (±14.50) mm2 (p < .001), and the distance between the right and left maxillary sinuses increased by 8.37 (±3.67) mm (p < .001) all exhibited positive changes, with some insignificant variations in volume change (p = .254).ConclusionRME treatment was found to be effective in improving nasal cavity and nasopharyngeal dimensions, leading to improved respiratory parameters in children with OSA and maxillary constriction. While these results are promising, considerations about the potential long‐term benefits of RME on future growth are important. The study provides valuable insights into the efficacy of RME as a treatment option for this pediatric population.
Comparison of clinical features of cystic fibrosis patients eligible but not on CFTR modulators to ineligible for CFTR modulators
Authors: Nayır Büyükşahin Halime , Emiralioğlu Nagehan , Yalçın Ebru , Şen Velat , Selimoğlu Şen Hadice , Arslan Hüseyin , Başkan Azer Kılıç , Çakır Fatma Betül , Koray Cem Fırat , Yılmaz Aslı İmran , Ercan Fatih , Altıntaş Derya Ufuk , Serbes Mahir , Keskin Özlem , Arık Elif , Gülen Figen , Barlık Meral , Karcıoğlu Oğuz , Damadoğlu Ebru , Köse Mehmet , Ersoy Ali , Bingöl Ayşen , Başaran Erdem , Çakır Eylül Pınar , Aslan Ayşe Tana , Canıtez Yakup , Korkmaz Merve , Özdemir Ali , Harmancı Koray , Soydaş Şule Selin , Hangül Melih , Yüksel Hasan , Özcan Gizem , Korkmaz Pervin , Kılıç Mehmet , Gayretli Aydın Zeynep Gökçe , Çaltepe Gönül , Can Demet , Doğru Sibel , Kartal Öztürk Gökçen , Süleyman Ayşe , Topal Erdem , Özsezen Beste , Hızal Mina , Demirdöğen Ezgi , Ogun Hamza , Börekçi Şermin , Yazan Hakan , Çakır Erkan , Şişmanlar Eyüboğlu Tuğba , Çobanoğlu Nazan , Cinel Güzin , Pekcan Sevgi , Özçelik Uğur , Doğru Deniz 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionCystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator drugs target the underlying defect and improve CFTR function. They are a part of standard care in many countries, but not all patients are eligible for these drugs due to age and genotype. Here, we aimed to determine the characteristics of non‐eligible patients for CFTR modulators in the CF registry of Turkey (CFRT) to highlight their clinical needs.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included CF patient data from the CFRT in 2021. The decision of eligibility for the CFTR modulator was determined according to the ‘Vertex treatment‐Finder' on the Vertex® website. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients were compared between eligible (group 1) and ineligible (group 2) groups for CFTR modulators.ResultsAmong the study population (N = 1527), 873 (57.2%) were in group 1 and 654 (42.8%) were in group 2. There was no statistical difference between groups regarding sex, meconium ileus history, diagnoses via newborn screening, FEV1 z‐score, CF‐associated complications, organ transplant history, and death. Patients in group 2 had a higher incidence of pancreatic insufficiency (87.7% vs. 83.2%, p = .010), lower median height z‐scores (−0.87 vs. −0.55, p < .001), lower median body mass index z‐scores (−0.65 vs. −0.50, p < .001), longer days receiving antibiotics due to pulmonary exacerbation (0 [interquartile range, IQR: 0–2] vs. 0 [IQR: 0–7], p = 0.001), and more non‐invasive ventilation support (2.6% vs. 0.9%, p = 0.008) than patients in group 1.ConclusionThe ineligible group had worse clinical outcomes than the eligible group. This highlights their need for life‐changing drugs to improve clinical outcomes.
Generating synthetic rainfall fields by R‐vine copulas applied to seamless probabilistic predictions
Authors: Schaumann Peter , Rempel Martin , Blahak Ulrich , Schmidt Volker 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMany post‐processing methods improve forecasts at individual locations but remove their correlation structure. However, this information is essential for forecasting larger‐scale events, such as the total precipitation amount over areas like river catchments, which are relevant for weather warnings and flood predictions. We propose a method to reintroduce spatial correlation into a post‐processed forecast using an R‐vine copula fitted to historical observations. The method rearranges predictions at individual locations and ensures that they still exhibit the post‐processed marginal distributions. It works similarly to well‐known approaches, like the “Schaake shuffle” and “ensemble copula coupling.” However, compared to these methods, which rely on a ranking with no ties at each considered location in their source for spatial correlation, the copula serves as a measure of how well a given arrangement compares with the observed historical distribution. Therefore, no close relationship is required between the post‐processed marginal distributions and the spatial correlation source. This is advantageous for post‐processed seamless forecasts in two ways. First, meteorological parameters such as the precipitation amount, whose distribution has an atom at zero, have rankings with ties. Second, seamless forecasts represent an optimal combination of their input forecasts and may spatially shifted from them at scales larger than the areas considered herein, leading to non‐reasonable spatial correlation sources for the well‐known methods. Our results indicate that the calibration of the combination model carries over to the output of the proposed model, that is, the evaluation of area predictions shows a similar improvement in forecast quality as the predictions for individual locations. Additionally, the spatial correlation of the forecast is evaluated with the help of object‐based metrics, for which the proposed model also shows an improvement compared to both input forecasts.
Synergizing social sustainability and technological innovation for carbon neutrality in OECD economies
Authors: Wang Yiwen , Hanif Nadia , Arshed Noman , Hussain Muzzammil , Arshad Zeeshan , Usman Muhammad 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEconomies around the globe are pushing toward a society's sustainability perspectives and upgradation in technology to protect the environment from global warming and the depletion of energy supplies. This shift in perception is primarily intended to alter people's attitudes toward posterity. By integrating the theories of interactions between social and ecological systems and the environment Kuznets curve (EKC) framework, this study explores the impact of nonrenewable energy consumption, social sustainability, and technological innovation on CO₂ emissions across the Organization for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD) countries from 2001 through 2020. Based on the estimates of FMOLS, PARDL, and QARDL, the 10‐year CO2 emissions and gross domestic product projections are traced using the average growth rate for each country and an average value of independent variables. The findings of this study highlight the detrimental effect of nonrenewable energy consumption on CO₂ emissions, underscoring the urgency for sustainable energy alternatives. However, the positive role of social sustainability and technological innovation in curbing CO₂ emissions within OECD countries is equally significant. Accentuating the importance of social sustainability within this context, the study sheds light on the integral role that societal factors, such as education, public awareness, and social well‐being, play a substantial role in shaping sustainable practices. It is found that Brazil, China, Malaysia, Russia, South Africa, and Thailand need to focus on higher economic growth to experience decarbonizing economic growth.
Exploring student teachers' latent coping profiles and their relations to perceived stress and stressors
Authors: Schlesier J. , Westphal A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAs coping profiles can offer concrete intervention opportunities, the goal of the present study is to explore latent coping profiles in a sample of 316 student teachers at a German university, using the Brief COPE inventory (Carver, 1997). Furthermore, we aim to test the extent to which students with specific coping profiles differ in the levels of stress (PSS; Schneider et al., 2020) and stressors they perceive. Latent profile analysis (LPA) reveals that a six‐profile solution shows the optimal fit, with high entropy. The six profiles include two more support‐seeking coping profiles (networking and disengaged copers), withdrawn, cognitive restructuring, avoidant and repertoire‐oriented copers. Both more support‐seeking coping profiles used in particular strategies concerning seeking social and emotional support, and are associated with less stress. Avoidant and withdrawn copers show unfavourable perceptions of stress levels and stressors. Thus, programs to promote social‐emotional support should be implemented in teacher training courses.
Computational Hyperspectral Microflow Cytometry
Authors: Yun Hyo Geun , Cadierno Yoel Alonso , Kim Tae Won , Muñoz‐Barrutia Arrate , Garica‐Gonzalez Daniel , Choi Sungyoung 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMiniaturized flow cytometry has significant potential for portable applications, such as cell‐based diagnostics and the monitoring of therapeutic cell manufacturing, however, the performance of current techniques is often limited by the inability to resolve spectrally‐overlapping fluorescence labels. Here, the study presents a computational hyperspectral microflow cytometer (CHC) that enables accurate discrimination of spectrally‐overlapping fluorophores labeling single cells. CHC employs a dispersive optical element and an optimization algorithm to detect the full fluorescence emission spectrum from flowing cells, with a high spectral resolution of ≈3 nm in the range from 450 to 650 nm. CHC also includes a dedicated microfluidic device that ensures in‐focus imaging through viscoelastic sheathless focusing, thereby enhancing the accuracy and reliability of microflow cytometry analysis. The potential of CHC for analyzing T lymphocyte subpopulations and monitoring changes in cell composition during T cell expansion is demonstrated. Overall, CHC represents a major breakthrough in microflow cytometry and can facilitate its use for immune cell monitoring.
Accelerating the Development of LLZO in Solid‐State Batteries Toward Commercialization: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Wang Yang , Chen Zhen , Jiang Kai , Shen Zexiang , Passerini Stefano , Chen Minghua 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSolid‐state batteries (SSBs) are under development as high‐priority technologies for safe and energy‐dense next‐generation electrochemical energy storage systems operating over a wide temperature range. Solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) exhibit high thermal stability and, in some cases, the ability to prevent dendrite growth through a physical barrier, and compatibility with the “holy grail” metallic lithium. These unique advantages of SSEs have spurred significant research interests during the last decade. Garnet‐type SSEs, that is, Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO), are intensively investigated due to their high Li‐ion conductivity and exceptional chemical and electrochemical stability against lithium metal anodes. However, poor interfacial contact with cathode materials, undesirable lithium plating along grain boundaries, and moisture‐induced chemical degradation greatly hinder the practical implementation of LLZO‐based SSEs for SSBs. In this review, the recent advances in synthesis methods, modification strategies, corresponding mechanisms, and applications of garnet‐based SSEs in SSBs are critically summarized. Furthermore, a comprehensive evaluation of the challenges and development trends of LLZO‐based electrolytes in practical applications is presented to accelerate their development for high‐performance SSBs.