bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between oxidative balance score and serum Klotho concentrations in adults aged 40-79 years
Authors: Sun Qingqing , Wu Lanxiang , Tian Sheng , Zheng Heqing , Liu Mingxu , Yu Xinping , Wu Wei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Klotho is a well-known anti-aging and antioxidant protein, however, the association between oxidative balance score (OBS), a comprehensive measure that assesses the individual’s oxidative balance, and serum Klotho concentrations is unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between OBS and serum Klotho concentrations through a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2016.
Methods
Serum Klotho concentrations were measured using an ELISA kit that is commercially available. OBS was scored by 16 dietary and 4 lifestyle factors. Weighted multiple linear regression models, subgroup analysis, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were used to assess the association between OBS and serum Klotho concentrations.
Results
A total of 8925 individuals who met the criteria were selected as eligible participants for the study. After adjusting for possible confounding factors, with the first quintile of OBS Q1(4–15) as a reference, the percentage change of serum Klotho concentrations in Q4(26–37) of OBS was 0.93% higher (95% CI:0.13%,1.73%). Serum Klotho concentrations rose by 0.40%(95% CI:0.09%,0.71%) with every standard deviation(SD) rose in OBS. In older, and over-weight participants, the subgroup analysis revealed a strong association between OBS and serum Klotho levels. Furthermore, the relationship between OBS and serum Klotho concentrations showed a linear positive association(nonlinear, p = 0.337).
Conclusions
A higher OBS is significantly associated with a higher level of serum Klotho among middle-aged and older people in the US.
Feasibility study for high-aspect ratio copper pin mounting using particle dynamics simulation with stochastic approach
Authors: Lee Kwang-Hee , Ahn Geunsik , Lee Chul-Hee 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Since the demand of advanced packaging for semiconductor industry becomes higher for smaller and thinner applications such as mobile phone, wearable devices, etc., adapting high-aspect ratio of pin in packaging becomes more important. As the aspect ratio of pin becomes bigger, it is challenging to mount pins on the substrate under high speed. Novel mounting method for pin mounting is suggested but its mounting efficiency is possibly affected by mask dimensions. Two criteria are proposed to evaluate the mounting efficiency and calculated to validate the results from the simulation results in stochastic approach. Three design parameters are considered for the analysis and simulations are conducted. Simulations results show similar tendency compared to the calculation of criteria, mounting angle, and ratio. The highest mounting efficiency is observed when the hole diameter of a mask is increased. These results can be used to design a mask with various aspect-ratio of pins for packaging.
Successful coronary angioplasty of a spontaneous occlusion of the conus artery causing a ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and electrical storm
Authors: Hatoum Ibrahim , RICCINI Philippe 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background Conus artery occlusion is a rare life-threatening event, typically secondary to iatrogenic etiology, and treated mainly with conservative therapy and/or balloon angioplasty without stenting. However, treatment remains challenging.Case presentation: We report the case of a 60 years old man with known history of coronary artery disease presenting with multiple internal defibrillator cardioversion due to electrical storm (recurrent ventricular fibrillation). The coronary angiography showed an acute occlusion of the conus artery arising from the proximal segment of the right coronary artery, treated by percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with stenting (drug-eluting stent) without any serious complications.Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first case in literature where a non-iatrogenic occlusion of the conus artery causing a ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and electrical storm was treated with percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stenting.
A study protocol for the CHinA National CancEr Screening (CHANCES) Trial: a randomized controlled study to compare the screening strategies for lung cancer and colorectal cancer
Authors: Gao Yibo , Hu Ping , Wu Ning , Tan Fengwei , Cao Wei , Tang Wei , Li Xin , Wen Yan , Li Jiang , Wang Fei , Xu Yongjie , Yu Yiwen , Qin Chao , Dong Xuesi , Ren Jiansong , Yang Zhuoyu , Zheng Yadi , Wu Zheng , Pinsky Paul , Prorok Philip , Taylor Martina , Dai Min , Li Ni , Kramer Barnett , He Jie 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Cancer screening strategies play a crucial role in early detection and subsequent management of lung cancer and colorectal cancer. However, there remains a paucity of high-quality evidence from developing regions. The CHinA National CancEr Screening (CHANCES) Trial aims to comprehensively evaluate and compare different screening strategies for lung cancer and colorectal cancer (CRC) in the Chinese population.
Methods: The CHANCES trial is a randomized controlled trial aimed at assessing the effectiveness of screening using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) either annually or biennially for reducing lung cancer-specific mortality. Additionally, our trial seeks to evaluate the efficacy of various screening strategies for CRC. In this 5-year project, a total of 99,000 participants aged 50-74 from 25 provinces will be enrolled and randomized into one of three arms: i) receiving five annual LDCT scans along with a single colonoscopy (n=19,800); ii) undergoing three biennial LDCT scans and five annual fecal blood tests using fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) (n=39,600); iii) opting for either a single colonoscopy or five annual FIT tests (n=39,600). Participants with positive FIT findings will be recommended to undergo a diagnostic colonoscopy. The primary endpoint of this study is lung cancer-specific mortality, and cost-effectiveness analyses of the various screening strategies in the Chinese population are also planned.
Discussion: To our knowledge, this trial represents the first endeavor statistically powered to assess the potential reduction in lung-cancer-specific mortality through screening with LDCT annually or biennially compared to a no screening arm. Additionally, it seeks to explore the feasibility of integrating lung cancer and CRC screening in a developing nation setting. The anticipated findings from this study hold the potential to provide evidence-based recommendations for cancer screening programs, thereby advancing cancer prevention and control efforts not only in China but also globally.
Trial registration: ChiCTRN(Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Number), ChiCTR1900025257. Registered on 2019-08-18.
CO 2 desorption characteristics on zeolite-A, X and CMS under different regeneration conditions
Authors: Tang Jianfeng , Wen Xiaojin , Zhang Xue , Sun Yunbing , Sun Yongbiao , Su Hexin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The desorption characteristics of CO2 are directly related to the time allocation and tower size design during adsorption process, but there is a lack of studies on CO2 desorption characteristics of on molecular sieves under different regeneration conditions. In order to analyze the factors (adsorbents and operation conditions) influence CO2 desorption efficiency and explore adsorbents regeneration characteristics, combining with adsorbents framework structure, this article tracked performance of CO2 desorption on zeolite-A, X and CMS-240 under different heating temperature, purging speed and vacuum pressure. It was found that CMS-240 without crystal structure could realize ideal CO2 desorption performance under all regeneration conditions. And for 13X, 5A and 4A molecular sieves with octahedral structure, better regeneration effect could be realized under heating conditions and vacuum 100 KPa, pore-network size contributes more than cation type and position during this process. Besides, for purging regeneration process, the total amount of blowing gas determines adsorbent regeneration rate rather than a single factor of time or gas velocity.
Two-scale concurrent topology optimization of lattice structures with multiple microstructures subjected to dynamic load
Authors: jiang xudong , qi jiawei , teng xiaoyan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This work intends to present a two-scale concurrent topology optimization method for minimizing the compliance of lattice structures with multiple connectable microstructures under time-dependent dynamic load. Firstly, at the macroscale, the ordered solid isotropic material with penalization (SIMP) method and double smoothing and projection method is integrated to identify the macrostructural layout of any lattice material represented by a unique microstructure, i.e. optimal locations of microstructures. At the microscale, the connectivity between any pair of microstructures is guaranteed by adopting the designable connective region method. Then, for transient optimization problem, we implement the sensitivity analysis based on the adjoint method with the “discretize-then-differentiate” approach, which inherently generates consistent sensitivities. Moreover, we develop a decoupled sensitivity analysis method for transient concurrent topology optimization problems with multiple connectable microstructures for computationally efficient sensitivity analysis at the microscale. Finally, serval numerical examples are presented to verify the effectiveness and the capability of the proposed approach.
The inadequacy of statistical approaches to estimate yield potential and gaps at regional level
Authors: Grassini Patricio , Couëdel Antoine , Lollato Romulo , Archontoulis Sotirios , Tenorio Fatima , Aramburu-Merlos Fernando , Edreira Juan Ignacio Rattalino 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Spatial information on yield potential is key to determine crop production potential on existing cropland. Although statistical methods are widely used to estimate yield potential and yield gaps at regional to global levels, a rigorous evaluation of their performance is lacking. Here, we compared outcomes from three common statistical approaches against those derived from a ‘bottom-up’ approach based on crop modeling and local weather and soil data for major crops in the United States. Our analysis revealed that statistical methods failed to capture the spatial variation in yield potential, consistently under- or over-estimating yield gaps across various regions. The statistical methods led to conflicting results for decision-making, with production potential almost doubling from one method to another. Given these limitations, we advocate for the use of well-validated process-based crop models coupled with local data and robust spatial frameworks, which provide a more reliable assessment of crop production potential from local to regional scales.
Altered hippocampal effective connectivity predicts BMI and food approach behavior in children with obesity
Authors: Chen Hong , Li Wei , Chen Ximei , Pang Qingge , Gao Xiao , Guo Cheng , Song Shiqing , Liu Yong , Shi Pan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective
The vicious circle model of obesity proposes that the hippocampus plays a crucial role in food reward processing and obesity. However, few studies focused on whether and how pediatric obesity influences the potential direction of information exchange between hippocampus and key regions, as well as whether these alterations in neural interaction could predict future BMI and eating behaviors.
Methods
In this longitudinal study, a total of 39 children with overweight/obesity and 51 children with normal weight, aged 8 to 12, underwent resting-state fMRI. One year later, we conducted follow-up assessments of eating behaviors and BMI. Resting-state functional connectivity (FC) and spectral dynamic casual modeling technique were used to examine altered functional and effective connectivity (EC) of the hippocampus in children with overweight/obesity. Linear support vector regression, a machine learning method, was employed to investigate whether hippocampal connections at baseline could predict future BMI and eating behaviors.
Results
Compared to controls, children with overweight/obesity displayed abnormal bidirectional inhibitory effects between the right hippocampus and left postcentral gyrus (PoCG), namely, stronger inhibitory EC from the hippocampus to PoCG but weaker inhibitory EC from the PoCG to hippocampus, which further predicted BMI and food approach behavior one year later.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that imbalanced information exchange in the appetitive reward circuitry between the hippocampus to somatosensory cortex may be a sensitive neurobiomarker for childhood obesity and future food approach behavior, which expands the vicious circle model of obesity by revealing the crucial role of hippocampal undirectional and directional connections in childhood obesity. This study is essential for developing effective intervention strategies and for reducing long-term health-care costs associated with obesity.
Enhancing Intrusion Detection in IoT Systems Through Simulated Attack Scenarios
Authors: NEILY Marwa , JEMILI Farah , KORBAA Ouajdi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) landscape is fraught with vulnerabilities, making it a prime target for various types of attacks. While existing literature has extensively explored IoT attacks through studies and simulations, this paper introduces a fresh perspective by proposing a new methodology for testing attacks in IoT environments. Focusing on six prominent attack vectors, we conduct comprehensive tests using both the Cooja and OMNET + + simulators. Our research delves into the underlying factors driving these attacks, analyzing data based on the attackers' chosen target addresses. Through our novel approach, we aim to deepen the understanding of IoT vulnerabilities and provide insights into the behavior of attackers, ultimately paving the way for more effective defense mechanisms in IoT ecosystems.
Severe fetal distress and acute maternal pancreatitis secondary to severe hypertriglyceridemia: A case report.
Authors: Garin Charlotte , Bridier-Petit Agathe , Ménard Sophie , Lamy Clotilde 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

- Background : Acute pancreatitis during pregnancy is a rare condition and a potential cause of maternal-fetal mortality. Its diagnosis can be challenging. Hypertriglyceridemia is one of the causes. We describe a case of severe fetal distress in the third trimester of pregnancy, associated with severe hypertriglyceridemia complicated by acute pancreatitis.
- Case presentation : A 35-year-old pregnant patient at 36 weeks gestation presented to the emergency department with acute epigastric pain. After excluding preeclampsia and initially challenging laboratory analyses, a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis was made based on a lipase level 12 times the normal range. The etiology was hypertriglyceridemia at 40 times the normal level. Despite initial conservative management, the patient deteriorated rapidly clinically, and severe fetal distress necessitated an emergency cesarean section. Lactescent blood appearance was observed intraoperatively. We suspect that the severe and rapid hypertriglyceridemia may have caused acute fetal hypoxia.
- Conclusions : Acute pancreatitis during pregnancy is a rare condition, with significant maternal-fetal mortality. Early diagnosis remains challenging. A multidisciplinary approach is necessary for optimal management, with special consideration for rapid fetal delivery in cases of acute pancreatitis secondary to hypertriglyceridemia due to the increased risk of fetal mortality.
Gradient thickness-dependent distribution of residual stress and springback of thin-walled TC4 titanium alloy sheet with variable thickness in collaborative manufacturing process of pre-plastic forming and milling
Authors: SHU Yiquan , REN Junxue , ZHANG Wenbo , LIU Wengang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Thin-walled sheet components with variable thickness and complex curved surface are expanding considerably in the advanced manufacturing field of aerospace industry due to its aerodynamic shape and light-weight characteristics, and collaborative manufacturing method of pre-plastic forming and milling was used to solve the problems of low rough milling efficiency and large milling difficult of such components. However, the structural characteristics of thin-walled and variable thickness brought the problems of residual stress and springback after pre-plastic forming, which impacted the milling quality and increased milling allowance in subsequent milling. In this work, based on three-point bending tests of thin-walled TC4 titanium alloy sheets with different ratio of thickness variation (ζ) and its Finite Element Analyze (FEA), gradient thickness-dependent distribution of residual stress and springback after pre-plastic forming was systematically studied. The results showed that with the ζ increasing from 1 to 6, difference of residual stress (Δσres) between both sides increased from 0 to 356.81 MPa, difference of springback (ΔS) between both sides increased 0 to 0.23 mm, and Springback Angle (SA) increased from 11.02 ° to 11.88 °, which was due to the increasing of stress component along the breadth direction and the decreasing of strain component along the thickness direction, and specimen #5 (ζ = 3) had more uniform distribution of residual stress. In addition, through considering the decay of elastic modulus (E) after plastic deformation, absolute error of SA of specimen #6 (ζ = 6) was reduced from 1.98 ° to 0.95 °.
Difference between uncapping and removal behaviors in Apis cerana from the perspective of long non-coding RNAs
Authors: Li Xiao , Yang Xiaoxiao , You Fangdong , Miao Chunhui , Li Meng , Wang Kang , Niu Qingsheng , Ji Ting , Wang Zhi , Lin Zheguang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Hygienic behavior has been identified as a specific type of immune response that has evolved in social insects, in which it contributes to preventing the spread of diseases throughout insect colonies. In bee colonies, such hygienic behavior entails the dual steps of uncapping and removal of dead and diseased larvae and pupae. Although in recent years, numerous studies have examined the development of hygienic behavior among bees, the mechanisms underlying the division in the performance of uncapping and removal have yet to be sufficiently elucidated. In this regard, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been evidenced to be engaged in regulating the physiological activities of honeybees; however, whether lncRNAs are similarly involved in the uncapping and removal behaviors of these bees has not been clarified.
Results
In this study, the strong hygienic Apis cerana worker bees were used and the processes of uncapping and removal behaviors in three colonies were assayed with freeze-killed brood in the field. We then sequenced the antennal RNAs of honeybees to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs and performed lncRNA–mRNA association analysis to establish the differences between uncapping and removal. We detected 1323 differentially expressed lncRNAs in the antennae, and the findings of lncRNA–mRNA association analyses revealed that the target genes of differentially expressed lncRNAs between uncapping and removal worker bees were mainly annotated to response to stimulus, receptor activity, and synapse. Among the lncRNAs enriched in cellular response to stimulus, XR_001766094.2 was identified to be uniquely expressed in the uncapping workers bees. We accordingly speculate that by responding to external stimuli, XR_001766094.2 may play a key role in the distinction between uncapping and removal, thereby indicating that the division of hygienic behaviors is determined by a differential response to environmental stimuli.
Conclusion
We characterized differences in the uncapping and removal behaviors of worker bees from perspectives of lncRNAs. The uncapping bees may equip with a more rapid stimulatory response and more acute olfactory sensitivity, contributing to the rapid hygienic behavior in honeybee colonies. Our study thus laid the foundation for the potential lncRNA-mediated expression regulation of genes in hygienic behavior.
Effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing and cross platform messaging application in improving oral health knowledge, attitude, and behaviours among pregnant women- A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: N Amitha Basheer , Jodalli Praveen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Body goes through significant hormonal and physiological changes during pregnancy, which could be linked to changes in oral health. Many women are unaware of the negative consequences of poor dental health during and after pregnancy, both for themselves and their children. Therefore, this study aimed to the effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing (MI) and cross platform messaging application (WhatsApp messenger) for oral health education on the oral health knowledge, attitude and behaviours among pregnant women attending ante natal care.
Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted among 84 pregnant women. Simple random sampling was employed to select participants after oral examination. Participants were randomly allocated to two groups (Group 1: Cross-platform messaging application [WhatsApp]; Group 2: Motivational Interviewing) using a lottery method. Pregnant women aged 18 years and older, gestational age between 8 and 30 weeks were included. A face-to-face interview and oral examination were conducted to assess baseline knowledge and oral hygiene status. A follow-up examination was conducted after one month of intervention. Inferential statistics, including the chi-square test and independent t-test, were used to compare variables between the two groups.
Results: The mean knowledge score at baseline was comparable between Group 1 (WhatsApp) and Group 2 (Motivational Interviewing). However, post-intervention, Group 2 showed a significantly higher mean knowledge score compared to Group 1. Post-intervention, Group 2 exhibited a significantly better oral hygiene status compared to Group 1. A significant improvement in oral health behaviours, such as regular tooth brushing and dental check-ups, was observed in Group 2 compared to Group 1 (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: The findings suggested that while both interventions were effective, Motivational Interviewing showed superior results in improving knowledge, oral hygiene status, and oral health behaviours. The personalized and client-centred approach of Motivational Interviewing enables participants to explore and resolve ambivalence, promoting a deeper understanding of the importance of oral health during pregnancy.
Trial registration: Trial was prospectively registered in Clinical Trial Registry of India with reference number CTRI/2021/09/036407 https://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pmaindet2.php?EncHid=NTAyNjU=&Enc=&userName on 10/09/2021.
A 6-bit 2.4 GS/s Potentiometric DAC using 150nm CMOS Technology
Authors: Chatterjee Souvik , . Hasanujjaman 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In order to meet the demands of modern applications, we require a high-frequency digital to analog converter (DAC) circuit that can function with high precision, high speed, and low power. A 6-bit DIGITAL TOANALOGCONVERTER(DAC) using PASSTRANSISTOR logic using .15um CMOS Technology is presented in this paper to linearity, analyze accuracywith highfrequency clk input.Integral nonlinearity needs to be smaller than for correct DAC operation. In this work, a 6-bit DAC format with a switch based on PASSS TRANSISTOR logic and .015um CMOS technology is introduced. The suggested design is simulated using the TANNER EDA tool.The proposed DAC is simulated in .15um CMOS technology with 5volt of supply voltage. The average power consumption of the designed DAC is 19.41mw with the sample rate of 2.4 GS/s