bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment with the Interleukin-17A-Blocking Antibody Secukinumab Does Not Interfere with the Efficacy of Influenza and Meningococcal Vaccinations in Healthy Subjects: Results of an Open-Label, Parallel-Group, Randomized Single-Center Study
Authors: Chioato A. , Noseda E. , Stevens M. , Gaitatzis N. , Kleinschmidt A. , Picaud H. 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACT

Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of influenza and meningococcal vaccinations in healthy subjects exposed to the anti-interleukin-17A (IL-17A) monoclonal antibody (MAb) secukinumab. We used an open-label, parallel-group, randomized single-center study of 50 healthy subjects. Subjects received a single 150-mg dose of secukinumab or no treatment, followed by vaccination with inactivated trivalent subunit influenza virus and conjugate group C meningococcal vaccine (Agrippal and Menjugate, respectively) 2 weeks later. Primary efficacy variables were responses of ≥4-fold increases in antibody titer (hemagglutination inhibition [HI; for influenza virus] and serum bactericidal assay [SBA; for
Neisseria meningitides
]) for meningococcus and influenza (at least two out of three serotypes), both at 4 weeks postvaccination. All subjects randomized to secukinumab (
n
= 25) or the control (
n
= 25) completed the study. Antibody responses to vaccinations measured at 4 weeks were comparable in both groups, with ≥4-fold increased responses following influenza virus vaccination of 20/25 (80%) for both groups and following meningococcal vaccination of 19/25 (76%) for the secukinumab group and 18/25 (72%) for the control group. Differences between groups were 0% (90% confidence intervals [CI], 19 and 19%) and 4% (90% CI, 16 and 24%) for influenza virus and meningococcal vaccines, respectively. Antibody responses were comparable between the 2 groups at different time points. Headache was the most frequently reported adverse effect. No deaths or serious adverse events were reported. Blockade of IL-17A by secukinumab does not appear to interfere with efficacy of influenza and meningococcal vaccinations, as assessed by the achievement of protective antibody levels. A protective (≥4-fold) immune response to both vaccinations at 4 weeks was achieved in 80 and 76% of subjects exposed to secukinumab and the control, respectively.
Enrichment of Multilocus Sequence Typing Clade 1 with Oral Candida albicans Isolates in Patients with Untreated Periodontitis
Authors: McManus Brenda A. , Maguire Rory , Cashin Phillipa J. , Claffey Noel , Flint Stephen , Abdulrahim Mohammed H. , Coleman David C. 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACT

This study investigated the prevalence and cell density of
Candida
species in periodontal pockets, healthy subgingival sites, and oral rinse samples of patients with untreated periodontitis. Twenty-one periodontitis patients underwent sampling at two periodontitis sites, and 19/21 of these patients underwent sampling at one periodontally healthy site. Both paper point and curette sampling techniques were employed. The periodontitis patients and 50 healthy subjects were also sampled by oral rinse.
Candida
isolates were recovered on CHROMagar Candida medium, and representative isolates were identified.
Candida
spp. were recovered from 10/21 (46.7%) periodontitis patients and from 16/50 (32%) healthy subjects.
C. albicans
predominated in both groups and was recovered from all
Candida
-positive subjects.
Candida
-positive periodontitis patients yielded
Candida
from periodontal pockets with average densities of 3,528 and 3,910 CFU/sample from curette and paper point samples, respectively, and 1,536 CFU/ml from oral rinse samples. The majority (18/19) of the healthy sites sampled from periodontitis patients were
Candida
negative. The 16
Candida
-positive healthy subjects yielded an average of 279 CFU/ml from oral rinse samples.
C. albicans
isolates were investigated by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to determine if specific clonal groups were associated with periodontitis. MLST analysis of 31
C. albicans
isolates from periodontitis patients yielded 19 sequence types (STs), 13 of which were novel. Eleven STs belonged to MLST clade 1. In contrast, 16
C. albicans
isolates from separate healthy subjects belonged to 16 STs, with 4 isolates belonging to clade 1. The distributions of STs between both groups were significantly different (
P
= 0.04) and indicated an enrichment of
C. albicans
isolates in periodontal pockets, which warrants a larger study.
RNase L Triggers Autophagy in Response to Viral Infections
Authors: Chakrabarti Arindam , Ghosh Prabar Kumar , Banerjee Shuvojit , Gaughan Christina , Silverman Robert H. 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACT
Autophagy is a programmed homeostatic response to diverse types of cellular stress that disposes of long-lived proteins, organelles, and invading microbes within double-membraned structures called autophagosomes. The 2′,5′-oligoadenylate/RNase L system is a virus-activated host RNase pathway that disposes of or processes viral and cellular single-stranded RNAs. Here we report that activation of RNase L during viral infections induces autophagy. Accordingly, infections with encephalomyocarditis virus or vesicular stomatitis virus led to higher levels of autophagy in wild-type mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) than in RNase L-null MEF. Similarly, direct activation of RNase L with a 2′,5′-oligoadenylate resulted in p62(SQSTM1) degradation, LC3BI/LC3BII conversion, and appearance of autophagosomes. To determine the effect of RNase L-mediated autophagy on viral replication, we compared viral yields in wild-type and RNase L-null MEF in the absence or presence of either chemical inhibitors of autophagy (bafilomycin A1 or 3-methyladenine) or small interfering RNA (siRNA) against ATG5 or beclin-1. At a low multiplicity of infection, induction of autophagy by RNase L during the initial cycle of virus growth contributed to the suppression of virus replication. However, in subsequent rounds of infection, autophagy promoted viral replication, reducing the antiviral effect of RNase L. Our results indicate a novel function of RNase L as an inducer of autophagy that affects viral yields.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Variant Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) Strain: Evidence for Recombination between Vaccine and Wild-Type PRRSV Strains
Authors: Wenhui Lu , Zhongyan Wei , Guanqun Zhang , Zhili Li , JingYun Ma , Qingmei Xie , Baoli Sun , Yingzuo Bi 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACT
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is the etiologic agent of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), which can evolve continuously by random mutation or intragenic recombination. Here we report the complete genomic sequence of a PRRSV variant with nucleotide acid deletions and insertions in the nonstructural protein 2 (nsp2) gene and a possible recombination event between a modified live virus (MLV) vaccine strain and a prototype Chinese field strain.
Complete Genome Sequence of Porcine Circovirus 2b Strain CC1
Authors: Yang Xin , Chen Fuwang , Cao Yuhang , Pang Daxing , Ouyang Hongsheng , Ren Linzhu 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACT
A porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) strain, designated CC1, was isolated and purified from tissue samples from pigs with wasting syndromes in China. We report the complete genome sequence of PCV2b strain CC1 with a deletion of C at position 1053 resulting in elongation of open reading frame 2 (ORF2) and formation of ORF5. There were 11 ORFs in the genome.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Vitivirus Isolated from Grapevine
Authors: Al Rwahnih Maher , Sudarshana Mysore R. , Uyemoto Jerry K. , Rowhani Adib 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACT
A novel virus-like sequence from grapevine was identified by Illumina sequencing. The complete genome is 7,551 nucleotides in length, with polyadenylation at the 3′ end. Translation of the sequence revealed five open reading frames (ORFs). The genomic organization was most similar to those of vitiviruses. The polymerase (ORF1) and coat protein (ORF4) genes shared 31 to 49% nucleotide and 40 to 70% amino acid sequence identities, respectively, with other grapevine vitiviruses. The virus was tentatively named grapevine virus F (GVF).
Characterization and Complete Genome Sequence of Human Coronavirus NL63 Isolated in China
Authors: Geng Heyuan , Cui Lijin , Xie Zhengde , Lu Roujian , Zhao Li , Tan Wenjie 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACT
Human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63) was first discovered in Amsterdam in 2004 and was identified as a new human respiratory coronavirus. We here report the first complete genome sequence of HCoV-NL63 strain CBJ 037 isolated in 2008 from a patient with bronchitis in Beijing, China.
Genome Sequence of a Novel Reassortant H3N2 Avian Influenza Virus in Southern China
Authors: Tian Jin , Zhang Changhui , Qi Wenbao , Xu Chenggang , Huang Lihong , Li Huanan , Liao Ming 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACT
The distribution and prevalence of H3 subtype influenza viruses in avian and mammalian hosts constitutes a potential threat to both human and avian health. We report a complete genome sequence of a novel reassortant H3N2 avian influenza virus. Phylogenetic analysis showed that HA and NA showed the highest sequence homologies with those of A/white-backed munia/Hong Kong/4519/2009 (H3N2). However, the internal genes had the highest sequence homologies with those of H6 and H7 subtypes. The data provide further evidence of the existence of a natural reassortant H3N2 strain in southern China.
Genome Sequence of a Novel Actinophage PIS136 Isolated from a Strain of Saccharomonospora sp
Authors: Bajpai Richa , Soni Vishal , Khandrika Lakshmipathi , Jangir Pramod Kumar , Sharma Rakesh , Agrawal Pushpa 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACT

A wide-host-range bacteriophage (phage) PIS136 was isolated from PA136, a strain of
Saccharomonospora
belonging to the group actinomycetes. Here, we present the genome sequence of the PIS136 phage, which is 94,870 bp long and contains 132 putative coding sequences and one tRNA gene. An IS element-like region with two genes for putative transposases was identified in the genome. The presence of IS element-like sequences suggests that PIS136 is still under active evolution.
A Quantitative Measurement of Antiviral Activity of Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Drugs against Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: Dose-Response Curve Slope Strongly Influences Class-Specific Inhibitory Potential
Authors: Deng Kai , Zink M. Christine , Clements Janice E. , Siliciano Robert F. 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACT
Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in macaques is so far the best animal model for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) studies, but suppressing viral replication in infected animals remains challenging. Using a novel single-round infectivity assay, we quantitated the antiviral activities of antiretroviral drugs against SIV. Our results emphasize the importance of the dose-response curve slope in determining the inhibitory potential of antiretroviral drugs and provide useful information for regimen selection in treating SIV-infected animals in models of therapy and virus eradication.
The 5-minute Apgar score as a predictor of childhood cancer: a population-based cohort study in five million children
Authors: Li Jiong , Cnattingus Sven , Gissler Mika , Vestergaard Mogens , Obel Carsten , Ahrensberg Jette , Olsen Jørn 
Published: August 2012

ObjectiveThe aetiology of childhood cancer remains largely unknown but recent research indicates that uterine environment plays an important role. We aimed to examine the association between the Apgar score at 5 min after birth and the risk of childhood cancer.DesignNationwide population-based cohort study.SettingNationwide register data in Denmark and Sweden.Study populationAll live-born singletons born in Denmark from 1978 to 2006 (N=1 771 615) and in Sweden from 1973 to 2006 (N=3 319 573). Children were followed up from birth to 14 years of age.Main outcome measuresRates and HRs for all childhood cancers and for specific childhood cancers.ResultsA total of 8087 children received a cancer diagnosis (1.6 per 1000). Compared to children with a 5-min Apgar score of 9–10, children with a score of 0–5 had a 46% higher risk of cancer (adjusted HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.89). The potential effect of low Apgar score on overall cancer risk was mostly confined to children diagnosed before 6 months of age. Children with an Apgar score of 0–5 had higher risks for several specific childhood cancers including Wilms’ tumour (HR 4.33, 95% CI 2.42 to 7.73).ConclusionsA low 5 min Apgar score was associated with a higher risk of childhood cancers diagnosed shortly after birth. Our data suggest that environmental factors operating before or during delivery may play a role on the development of several specific childhood cancers.
Implementation of a low-budget, lifestyle-improvement method in an ordinary primary healthcare setting: a stepwise intervention study
Authors: Blomstrand Ann , Ariai Nashmil , Baar Ann-Christine , Finbom-Forsgren Britt-Marie , Thorn Jörgen , Björkelund Cecilia 
Published: August 2012

ObjectiveTo evaluate, in an ordinary primary healthcare setting, the effects of a screening questionnaire and a self-administered health profile dealing with special reference to the involvement of motivated individuals in need of lifestyle changes.DesignIntervention study in a naturalistic context, using a screening questionnaire offered to consecutive patients, followed by a self-administered health profile and a health dialogue.SettingHisingen primary healthcare area (130 033 inhabitants), Gothenburg, Sweden.ParticipantsMen and women aged between 18 and 79, visiting any of the eight public primary healthcare centres (PCC) during an 8-month period, were presented with a screening questionnaire and, were offered, a health profile, a plasma glucose (p-glucose), blood pressure check and a health dialogue.Main outcome measuresMotivation level, negative lifestyle factors in screening questionnaire and intraindividual changes in blood pressure, p-glucose, body mass index (BMI) and lifestyle factors between baseline and 1-year follow-up.ResultsSubjects with less favourable lifestyle and higher motivation chose to participate. A higher percentage of presumptive participants reported a less favourable lifestyle. The presumptive participants also indicated higher motivation. Participants showed more readiness to initiate lifestyle changes compared to non-participants (p<0.001). At 1-year follow-up significant reductions in BMI, waist circumference, waist–hip ratio (WHR), blood pressure and p-glucose were observed.ConclusionsThe results indicate that the method is on target and applicable to motivated individuals with a ‘risk profile’. A pedagogical model including a self-administered health-profile and a health dialogue, combined with emphasising the individual's own resources, seems to be a feasible method for effective preventive work in primary healthcare.
National audit of antidote stocking in acute hospitals in the UK
Authors: Thanacoody Ruben H K , Aldridge Gloria , Laing Willie , Dargan Paul I , Nash Stephen , Thompson John P , Vale Allister , Bateman Nick , Thomas Simon 
Published: August 2012

BackgroundInadequate stocking of essential antidotes in hospitals for the treatment of poisoned patients has been reported worldwide. Joint National Poisons Information Service (NPIS)/College of Emergency Medicine (CEM) guidelines for antidote stocking in UK emergency departments and acute hospitals were published in 2008.AimTo determine the impact of these guidelines by surveying the availability of antidotes in acute hospitals in the UK.MethodsA two-page questionnaire consisting of antidote stocking information was distributed in 2010 to the Chief Pharmacist in all acute hospitals in the UK. The availability of 28 antidotes in the NPIS/CEM antidote guidelines as well as that of Intralipid was surveyed.ResultsSurveys were completed for 196 of the 224 (87.5%) hospitals. Over 90% of hospitals had acetylcysteine, activated charcoal, dantrolene, desferrioxamine, naloxone, flumazenil and vitamin K available within the recommended time period. Pralidoxime was reported to be held in only 33% of hospitals, though pralidoxime is supplied by the Department of Health to 95 hospitals in the UK that act as holding centres. Cyproheptadine and viper venom antiserum were held in around 50% of acute hospitals. For the treatment of cyanide and toxic alcohol poisoning, more than one antidote is available. For cyanide poisoning, most hospitals held at least one antidote (usually dicobalt edetate) but 9 (5%) held none of the four antidotes. For toxic alcohol and glycol poisoning, most hospitals held ethanol for intravenous use but not fomepizole and 30 (15%) did not stock any antidote for toxic alcohol poisoning.ConclusionStocking of less commonly used antidotes is inconsistent. This is likely to result in delayed access to treatment and worse patient outcomes.
A new, simple hydrothermal synthesis of magnetic nano-octahedrons — Application to hyperthermia cancer cell killing
Authors: Abdulla-Al-Mamun Md. , Kusumoto Yoshihumi , Islam Md. Shariful 
Published: August 2012

Surfactant-free magnetic nano-octahedrons were successfully synthesized by the alkaline hydrothermal decomposition of ferric nitrate salt (Fe(NO3)3·9H2O) in a water–ethanol mixed solvent with a variety of alkaline concentrations. High-resolution scanning electron microscope (SEM) pictures demonstrated the formation of octahedron-structured magnetic nanoparticles at a 10 mol/L alkaline concentration. A possible synthesis mechanism of the magnetic nano-octahedron was discussed. An alternating current magnetic field to induce hyperthermia cancer cell killing was investigated. Maximum hyperthermia cancer cell killing (~100%) was found with 10 mol/L alkaline-synthesized nano-octahedrons, whereas that with 2 mol/L alkaline gave ~40%.
FLT-PET Is Superior to FDG-PET for Very Early Response Prediction in NPM-ALK-Positive Lymphoma Treated with Targeted Therapy
Authors: Li Zhoulei , Graf Nicolas , Herrmann Ken , Jünger Alexandra , Aichler Michaela , Feuchtinger Annette , Baumgart Anja , Walch Axel , Peschel Christian , Schwaiger Markus , Buck Andreas , Keller Ulrich , Dechow Tobias 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
The prognosis of relapsed or refractory aggressive lymphoma is poor. The huge variety of currently evolving targeted treatment approaches would benefit from tools for early prediction of response or resistance. We used various ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) cell lines to evaluate two inhibitors, the HSP90 inhibitor NVP-AUY922, and the mTOR inhibitor everolimus, both of which have shown to interfere with ALK-dependent oncogenic signal transduction. Their therapeutic effect was determined in vitro by MTT assay, [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)- and [18F]fluorothymidine (FLT)-uptake, and by biochemical analysis of ALK-induced signaling. Micro-FDG- and FLT-positron emission tomography (PET) imaging studies in immunodeficient mice bearing ALCL xenotransplants were carried out with the cell lines SUDHL-1 and Karpas299 to assess early treatment response to NVP-AUY922 or everolimus in vivo. SUDHL-1 cells showed sensitivity to both inhibitors in vitro. Importantly, we detected a significant reduction of FLT-uptake in SUDHL-1 bearing animals using both inhibitors compared with baseline as early as 5 days after initiation of targeted therapy. Immunostaining showed a decrease in Ki-67 and an increase in cleaved caspase-3 staining. In contrast, FDG-uptake did not significantly decrease at early time points. Karpas299 xenotransplants, which are resistant to NVP-AUY922 and sensitive to everolimus treatment, showed an increase of mean FLT-uptake on day 2 after administration of NVP-AUY299, but a significant reduction in FLT-uptake upon everolimus treatment. In conclusion, we show that FLT-PET but not FDG-PET is able to predict response to treatment with specific inhibitors very early in the course of treatment and thus enables early prediction of treatment efficacy. Cancer Res; 72(19); 5014–24. ©2012 AACR.
Functional Genomics Identifies Drivers of Medulloblastoma Dissemination
Authors: Mumert Michael , Dubuc Adrian , Wu Xiaochong , Northcott Paul A. , Chin Steven S. , Pedone Carolyn A. , Taylor Michael D. , Fults Daniel W. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Medulloblastomas are malignant brain tumors that arise in the cerebellum in children and disseminate via the cerebrospinal fluid to the leptomeningeal spaces of the brain and spinal cord. Challenged by the poor prognosis for patients with metastatic dissemination, pediatric oncologists have developed aggressive treatment protocols, combining surgery, craniospinal radiation, and high-dose chemotherapy, that often cause disabling neurotoxic effects in long-term survivors. Insights into the genetic control of medulloblastoma dissemination have come from transposon insertion mutagenesis studies. Mobilizing the Sleeping Beauty transposon in cerebellar neural progenitor cells caused widespread dissemination of typically nonmetastatic medulloblastomas in Patched+/− mice, in which Shh signaling is hyperactive. Candidate metastasis genes were identified by sequencing the insertion sites and then mapping these sequences back to the mouse genome. To determine whether genes located at transposon insertion sites directly caused medulloblastomas to disseminate, we overexpressed candidate genes in Nestin+ neural progenitors in the cerebella of mice by retroviral transfer in combination with Shh. We show here that ectopic expression of Eras, Lhx1, Ccrk, and Akt shifted the in vivo growth characteristics of Shh-induced medulloblastomas from a localized pattern to a disseminated pattern in which tumor cells seeded the leptomeningeal spaces of the brain and spinal cord. Cancer Res; 72(19); 4944–53. ©2012 AACR.
Abstract 1000: Oncogenic Kras inhibits mitochondrial metabolism by regulating the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex under conditions of nutrient stress
Authors: Jaitin Diego , Sayles Leanne , Goliazova Tereza , Denko Nicholas , Sweet-Cordero Alejandro 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Kras is one of the most frequently mutated oncogenes in human cancer. Previous studies have suggested a role for oncogenic Kras in regulating glucose metabolism, although the exact mechanism is unclear. By analyzing the transcriptional consequences of Kras mutation under conditions of nutrient stress, a direct role for oncogenic Kras in regulating oxidative phosphorylation was observed. Signaling downstream of Kras via the MEK/ERK pathway inhibits expression of PDP1, a mitochondrial phosphatase that regulates the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC). PDC is a key enzyme in the conversion of pyruvate into acetyl-CoA. Decreased expression of PDP1 induced by oncogenic Kras leads to increased phosphorylation and thereby inactivation of PDC. Therefore, oncogenic Kras represses mitochondrial function and oxygen consumption by maintaining PDC in an inactive state. This effect is not apparent under the high-glucose conditions in which cells are typically cultured. However, at glucose concentrations more closely reflective of what cells experience in vivo, the effect of oncogenic Kras signaling on PDP1 expression becomes readily apparent. This study demonstrates a novel role for oncogenic Kras in the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism. Further studies underway may clarify a role for this pathway as a target for therapeutic intervention in Kras-mutant tumors.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1000. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1000