bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of circulating concentrations of gonadotropins and ovarian hormones throughout the menstrual cycle in the bonnet monkey: role of inhibin A in the regulation of follicle‐stimulating hormone secretion
Authors: Suresh P.S. , Medhamurthy R. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn higher primates, increased circulating follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) levels seen during late menstrual cycle and during menstruation has been suggested to be necessary for initiation of follicular growth, recruitment of follicles and eventually culminating in ovulation of a single follicle. With a view to establish the dynamics of circulating FSH secretion with that of inhibin A (INH A) and progesterone (P4) secretions during the menstrual cycle, blood was collected daily from bonnet monkeys beginning day 1 of the menstrual cycle up to 35 days. Serum INH A levels were low during early follicular phase, increased significantly coinciding with the mid cycle luteinizing hormone (LH) surge to reach maximal levels during the mid luteal phase before declining at the late luteal phase, essentially paralleling the pattern of P4 secretion seen throughout the luteal phase. Circulating FSH levels were low during early and mid luteal phases, but progressively increased during the late luteal phase and remained high for few days after the onset of menses. In another experiment, lutectomy performed during the mid luteal phase resulted in significant decrease in INH A concentration within 2 hr (58.3±2 vs. 27.3±3 pg/mL), and a 2‐ to 3‐fold rise in circulating FSH levels by 24 hr (0.20±0.02 vs. 0.53±0.14 ng/mL) that remained high until 48 hr postlutectomy. Systemic administration of Cetrorelix (150 µg/kg body weight), a gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor antagonist, at mid luteal phase in monkeys led to suppression of serum INH A and P4 concentrations 24 hr post treatment, but circulating FSH levels did not change. Administration of exogenous LH, but not FSH, significantly increased INH A concentration. The results taken together suggest a tight coupling between LH and INH A secretion and that INH A is largely responsible for maintenance of low FSH concentration seen during the luteal phase. Am. J. Primatol. 71:817–824, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes by an Ionic‐Liquid Polymer: Dispersion of Pt and PtRu Nanoparticles on Carbon Nanotubes and Their Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Methanol
Authors: Wu Bohua , Hu Dan , Kuang Yinjie , Liu Bo , Zhang Xiaohua , Chen Jinhua 
Published: May 2009

AbstractKleine Anfänge: Metallnanopartikel‐CNT‐Nanohybride wurden aus Kohlenstoffnanoröhren (CNTs), die mit einer polymeren ionischen Flüssigkeit funktionalisiert waren, hergestellt. Die Pt‐ und PtRu‐Nanopartikel mit einer engen Größenverteilung (mittlerer Durchmesser: (1.3±0.4) nm für PtRu, (1.9±0.5) nm für Pt) sind gleichmäßig auf den CNTs verteilt (siehe Bilder) und eignen sich sehr gut für die Elektrooxidation von Methanol.magnified image
FIASCO: A new spectrograph at the University Observatory Jena
Authors: Mugrauer M. , Avila G. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA new spectrograph (FIASCO) is in operation at the 0.9 m telescope of the University Observatory Jena. This article describes the characterization of the instrument and reports its first astronomical observations, among those lithium (6708 Å) detection in the atmosphere of young stars, and the simultaneous photometric and spectroscopic monitoring of variable stars (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Follow‐up observations of Comet 17P/Holmes after its extreme outburst in brightness end of October 2007
Authors: Mugrauer M. , Hohle M.M. , Ginski C. , Vanko M. , Freistetter F. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractWe present follow‐up observations of comet 17/P Holmes after its extreme outburst in brightness, which occurred end of October 2007. We obtained 58 V‐band images of the comet between October 2007 and February 2008, using the Cassegrain‐Teleskop‐Kamera (CTK) at the University Observatory Jena. We present precise astrometry of the comet, which yields its most recent Keplerian orbital elements. Furthermore, we show that the comet's coma expands quite linearly with a velocity of about 1650 km/s between October and December 2007. The photometric monitoring of comet 17/P Holmes shows that its photometric activity level decreased by about 5.9 mag within 105 days after its outburst (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Dynamics of the TrES‐2 system
Authors: Freistetter F. , Süli Á. , Funk B. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe TrES‐2 system harbors one planet which was discovered with the transit technique. In this work we investigate the dynamical behavior of possible additional, lower‐mass planets. We identify the regions where such planets can move on stable orbits and show how they depend on the initial eccentricity and inclination. We find, that there are stable regions inside and outside the orbit of TrES‐2b where additional, smaller planets can move. We also show that those planets can have a large orbital inclination which makes a detection with the transit technique very difficult (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Planetary transit observations at the University Observatory Jena: XO‐1b and TrES‐1
Authors: Raetz St. , Mugrauer M. , Schmidt T.O.B. , Roell T. , Eisenbeiss T. , Hohle M.M. , Tetzlaff N. , Vaňko M. , Seifahrt A. , Broeg Ch. , Koppenhoefer J. , Neuhäuser R. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractWe report on observations of transit events of the transiting planets XO‐1b and TrES‐1 with a 25 cm telescope of the University Observatory Jena. With the transit timings for XO‐1b from all 50 available XO, SuperWASP, Transit Light Curve (TLC)‐Project‐ and Exoplanet Transit Database (ETD)‐data, including our own I ‐band photometry obtained in March 2007, we find that the orbital period is P = (3.941501 ± 0.000001) d, a slight change by ∼3 s compared to the previously published period. We present new ephemeris for this transiting planet. Furthermore, we present new R ‐band photometry of two transits of TrES‐1. With the help of all available transit times from literature this allows us to refine the estimate of the orbital period: P = (3.0300722 ± 0.0000002) d. Our observations will be useful for future investigations of timing variations caused by additional perturbing planets and/or stellar spots and/or moons (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Photometric study of the OB star clusters NGC 1502 and NGC 2169 and mass estimation of their members at the University Observatory Jena
Authors: Hohle M.M. , Eisenbeiss T. , Mugrauer M. , Freistetter F. , Moualla M. , Neuhäuser R. , Raetz St. , Schmidt T.O.B. , Tetzlaff N. , Vaňko M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn this work we present detailed photometric results of the trapezium like galactic nearby OB clusters NGC 1502 and NGC 2169 carried out at the University Observatory Jena. We determined absolute BVRI magnitudes of the mostly resolved components using Landolt standard stars. This multi colour photometry enables us to estimate spectral type and absorption as well as the masses of the components, which were not available for most of the cluster members in the literature so far, using models of stellar evolution. Furthermore, we investigated the optical spectrum of the components ADS 2984A and SZ Cam of the sextuple system in NGC 1502. Our spectra clearly confirm the multiplicity of these components, which is the first investigation of this kind at the University Observatory Jena (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Reducing attention‐maintained behavior through the use of positive punishment, differential reinforcement of low rates, and response marking
Authors: Shaw Rick , Simms Tricia 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA differential reinforcement of low (DRL) rates procedure was implemented as a changing criterion design with positive punishment and response marking to reduce attention‐maintained behavior of screaming, profanity, and disruptive behaviors of three adolescent males. One participant was diagnosed with static encephalopathy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and severe mental retardation, the other two were diagnosed with Down syndrome, one with moderate mental retardation, and the other with severe mental retardation. Through response marking, a verbal warning was delivered immediately following the initial occurrence of a target behavior. A special token (positive punishment) was immediately delivered with a verbal cue and placed on a behavior board following the next occurrence of that behavior. Appropriate requests (hand‐raising) for attention was acknowledged and reinforced with verbal praise. The DRL procedure, combined with positive punishment and response marking, was successful in decreasing the frequency of targeted behaviors amongst all participants. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Physiological, morphological and kinetic aspects of lovastatin biosynthesis by Aspergillus terreus
Authors: Bizukojc Marcin , Ledakowicz Stanislaw 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis review focuses on selected aspects of lovastatin biosynthesis by Aspergillus terreus. Biochemical issues concerning this process are presented to introduce polyketide metabolites, in particular lovastatin. The formation of other than lovastatin polyketide metabolites by A. terreus is also shown, with special attention to (+)‐geodin and sulochrin. The core of this review discusses the physiology of A. terreus with regard to the influence of carbon and nitrogen sources, cultivation broth aeration and pH control strategies on fungal growth and product formation. Attention is paid to the supplementation of cultivation media with various compounds, namely vitamins, methionine, butyrolactone I. Next, the analysis of fungal morphology and differentiation of A. terreus mycelium in relation to both lovastatin and to (+)‐geodin formation is conferred. Finally, the kinetics of the process, in terms of associated metabolite formation with biomass growth is discussed in relation to published kinetic models. The review concludes with a list of the most important factors affecting lovastatin and (+)‐geodin biosynthesis.
An alginate hydrogel matrix for the localised delivery of a fibroblast/keratinocyte co‐culture
Authors: Hunt Nicola C. , Shelton Richard M. , Grover Liam 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThere is significant interest in the development of tissue‐engineered skin analogues, which replace both the dermal and the epidermal layer, without the use of animal or human derived products such as collagen or de‐epidermalised dermis. In this study, we proposed that alginate hydrogel could be used to encapsulate fibroblasts and that keratinocytes could be cultured on the surface to form a bilayered structure, which could be used to deliver the co‐culture to a wound bed, initially providing wound closure and eventually expediting the healing process. Encapsulation of fibroblasts in 2 and 5% w/v alginate hydrogel effectively inhibited their proliferation, whilst maintaining cell viability allowing keratinocytes to grow uninhibited by fibroblast overgrowth to produce a stratified epidermal layer. It was shown that the alginate degradation process was not influenced by the presence of fibroblasts within the hydrogel and that lowering the alginate concentration from 5 to 2% w/v increased the rate of degradation. Fibroblasts released from the scaffold were able to secrete extracellular matrix (ECM) and thus should replace the degrading scaffold with normal ECM following application to the wound site. These findings demonstrate that alginate hydrogel may be an effective delivery vehicle and scaffold for the healing of full‐thickness skin wounds.
Production of rhamnolipids in solid‐state cultivation: Characterization, downstream processing and application in the cleaning of contaminated soils
Authors: Neto Doumit Camilios , Meira Joel Alexandre , Tiburtius Elaine , Zamora Patrício Peralta , Bugay Cryshelen , Mitchell David Alexander , Krieger Nadia 
Published: May 2009

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosa UFPEDA 614 produced a rhamnolipid biosurfactant when grown on sugarcane bagasse impregnated with a solution containing glycerol. Biosurfactant levels reached 40 g of rhamnolipid per kilogram of dry initial substrate after 12 days. On the basis of the volume of liquid used, the biosurfactant levels were similar to those obtained in submerged liquid culture of a medium identical to the impregnating solution. The properties of the biosurfactant were very similar to those obtained with rhamnolipids produced in submerged culture, with a critical micelle concentration of 46.8 mg/L and an emulsification index at 24 h of over 90% against gasoline. The surface properties were maintained after autoclaving of the fermented solids, meaning that it is possible to minimize safety risks by killing the producing organism with a heat treatment of the solids prior to product extraction. The biosurfactant was used in the washing of soils contaminated with gasoline. An aqueous biosurfactant solution was 3.2‐fold more efficient than water in leaching organic material from the soil, demonstrating the viability of application of rhamnolipids in the bioremediation of soils contaminated with gasoline.
Crystal structure of PD‐L1, a ribosome inactivating protein from Phytolacca dioica L. Leaves with the property to induce DNA cleavage
Authors: Ruggiero Alessia , Di Maro Antimo , Severino Valeria , Chambery Angela , Berisio Rita 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe structure of the highly glycosylated type 1 ribosome inactivating protein PD‐L1 was determined by X‐ray crystallography. This protein belongs to a group of four PD‐Ls (PD‐L1‐4) expressed in Phytolacca dioica leaves. Of these, PD‐L1 and PD‐L2 are endowed with the ability to cleave double strand DNA, a property which is not shared by the other two components of the family. Single crystals of native PD‐L1, the most glycosylated, were obtained using seeding techniques and phase determination was achieved using molecular replacement. To investigate the role of glycosylation in the different functionality of these proteins, we performed DNA cleavage assays on the E. coli plasmid pBR322. These experiments revealed that DNA cleaving ability does not depend on the level of glycosylation of PD‐L1, since there is no difference in the activities displayed by native PD‐L1 and a recombinant non‐glycosylated form. Besides, confirming that DNA cleavage by PD‐L1 cannot be attributed to contaminations, these data unambiguously show that functional changes between PD‐L1 and PD‐L4 are solely to be attributed to their sequence differences. On the basis of the comparison of PD‐L1 and PD‐L4 crystal structures, we propose possible structural determinants responsible for their different functional behavior. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 91: 1135–1142, 2009.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Description of EduCOM: A graphical modeling and programming language for teaching and learning digital communication systems
Authors: Gunther Jake , Eames Brandon , Nelson Darin 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis paper presents EduCOM, a graphical language for teaching and learning digital communication systems. In EduCOM students build graphical models (i.e., block diagrams) of digital communication transmitters, channels, and receivers. Then EduCOM creates the shell of a C/C++ code realization of the graphical model, but it leaves the implementation of each block empty so that students are required to implement the functionality of the blocks in a low‐level programming language such as C/C++. Therefore, EduCOM goes beyond passive drag–drop‐connect style activities and forces students to think more deeply about each operation performed on the signals in the system, and preliminary assessment results with a small set of students bear this point out. Students indicated that the mixture of graphical modeling and low‐level programming provided by EduCOM is an improvement over pure graphical modeling or pure low‐level programming in helping them learn about communication systems. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 19: 697–707, 2011
Interactive training simulator for aerial working platform in a virtual environment
Authors: Ki Jae‐Sug 
Published: May 2009

AbstractCurrently, aerial working platforms are commonly used in the heavy industrial and construction fields. However, their increased use is leading to a gradual raise in critical incidents caused by unskilled operators; thus, effective operator training is essential. Training with actual platforms is difficult to cover such demands because of the cost, dependence on weather conditions. This article proposes a framework for a virtual reality based training simulator to provide aerial working platform operator training. This simulator can be applied relatively inexpensively and safely, regardless of the weather conditions. The proposed simulator is developed to be flexible to the assessment level of the trainee and generally applicable to heavy equipment training simulator. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 19: 733–738, 2011
Untersuchungen zur Stabilisierung von Naproxen in unterschiedlichen Schutzkolloidlösungen
Authors: Bolten D. , Türk M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractDas RESSAS (Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solutions into Aqueous Solutions)‐Verfahren bietet die Möglichkeit, submikrone pharmazeutische Wirkstoffe bei moderaten Bedingungen in einer Schutzkolloidlösung zu stabilisieren. In diesem Beitrag werden zunächst Ergebnisse von Untersuchungen zur Mikronisierung, und darauf aufbauend, zur Stabilisierung von Naproxen mit unterschiedlichen Schutzkolloiden vorgestellt.
Factors to Predict Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Hypertension
Authors: Ma XiaoJing , Zhang XingHua , Guo WenBin 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBackgoundPatients with essential hypertension had a higher recurrence rate of atrial fibrillation (AF) than patients without hypertension. This study evaluated the role of various parameters for predicting recurrence after conversion of AF in patients with essential hypertension.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 136 patients with essential hypertension and a known history of AF. P‐wave duration and dispersion were measured in a 12‐lead electrocardiograph. The size and function of the left atrium (LA) and left atrial appendage (LAA) were assessed by transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography. The time interval from initiation of P‐wave to the start of LAA ejection flow (P‐LAA) was measured at the same time. All the patients were followed up for a period of 12 ± 6 months for the recurrence of AF.ResultsIn the follow‐up period, 38.2%of patients underwent AF recurrence. Age, P‐LAA, Pmax, P‐wave dispersion, left atrium diameter (LAD), and maximum and minimum LAA volume were significantly higher in patients with AF recurrence than in patients without AF recurrence, while EF‐LAA and LAA peak emptying velocity were much lower in patients with AF recurrence. P‐LAA had positive correlation with LAD and P‐wave dispersion (r = 0.501, p < 0.0001; r = 0.713, p < 0.0001).ConclusionThese results indicated that increased P‐wave dispersion, P‐LAA in addition to the dilated LA, and the depressed LAA function may be useful to identify patients with hypertension at risk of recurrent AF. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Findings at Left Heart Cardiac Catheterization of Nonagenarians
Authors: Richard Conti C. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIt is estimated that the average 80‐year‐old person will live an additional eight years and 40% will have symptomatic cardiovascular disease. Few studies exist in patients 90 years or older. Several years ago, a prominent pathologist made the point that at autopsy, nonagenarians rarely had significant coronary disease. That does not seem to be the case in 2009. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Racial and socioeconomic disparities in adjuvant chemotherapy for older women with lymph node‐positive, operable breast cancer
Authors: Bhargava Alessia , Du Xianglin L. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Consistent with findings from clinical trials, a recent population‐based study indicated that adjuvant chemotherapy for lymph node‐positive, operable breast cancer is effective at improving survival in older women, specifically those ages 65 years to 69 years; however, to the authors' knowledge, no conclusion has been reached about the relative benefit of chemotherapy for women aged ≥70 years, probably because of small number of patients. However, little is known about racial and socioeconomic disparities in adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer among older women.METHODS:This study included 14,177 white women and 1277 black women aged ≥65 years who were diagnosed with operable breast cancer (stage II‐IIIA) and positive lymph nodes between 1991 and 2002. These women were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results and Medicare‐linked database. Multivariate logistic regression was used to compute the odds ratios of receiving chemotherapy among black women compared with white women, and the causal step approach was used to test whether census tract‐level poverty mediated racial disparities.RESULTS:Interaction terms analyses indicated that regressions should be stratified by age group. In the group ages 65 years to 69 years, the adjusted odds ratio of receiving chemotherapy were lower for black women than for white women (odds ratio, 0.85; 95% confidence interval, 0.57‐0.97). Poverty mediated the association between chemotherapy and race in this age group. No racial or socioeconomic disparities were observed among women aged ≥70 years.CONCLUSIONS:This study documented racial disparities in adjuvant chemotherapy that were mediated by poverty in women ages 65 years to 69 years, an age group for which there is clear evidence for the efficacy of chemotherapy, but no disparities were observed among women aged ≥70 years. The authors concluded that it is important to work toward reducing treatment disparities among older women. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.