bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using sketch drawing to induce inconsistency in liars
Authors: Leins Drew , Fisher Ronald P. , Vrij Aldert , Leal Sharon , Mann Samantha 
Published: May 2010

Purpose. Consistency as a cue to detecting deception was tested in two experiments using sketch drawing and verbal reports in repeated interviews. Liars were expected to be less consistent than truth‐tellers. Methods. In Expt 1, 80 undergraduate students reported truthfully or deceptively about an alleged lunch date – they sketched the layout of the restaurant and then answered spatial questions about objects in the restaurant. Ratings were given for the consistency between sketches and verbal reports. In Expt 2, 34 undergraduate students reported truthfully or deceptively about completing a series of unrelated tasks – they answered spatial questions about objects in a room and then sketched the layout of the room. Proportions were calculated for the consistency between verbal reports and sketches. Results. Expt 1. Liars were rated as less consistent than truth‐tellers. Up to 80% of truth‐tellers and 70% of liars could be correctly classified. Expt 2. Liars were less consistent than truth‐tellers on consistency proportions. Up to 100% of truth‐tellers and 77% of liars could be correctly classified. Conclusions. Using sketches to induce inconsistency may be a reliable, resource efficient way to help investigators detect deception.
Women and firesetting: A qualitative analysis of context, meaning, and development
Authors: Cunningham Eimear M. , Timms Jo , Holloway Gerrie , Radford Shirley A. 
Published: May 2010

Objectives. To explore subjective experiences of women in secure services of their firesetting behaviour, its personal meaning and the factors that contributed to its development. Design. An interview‐based study using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Methods. Interviews were carried out with nine women, in medium secure services, with histories of firesetting. Results. Three overarching but interlinked themes emerged, reflecting a narrative progression from the context of life experiences that preceded firesetting (including subthemes: distressing experiences and isolation from support), through the experience and meaning of the firesetting act (influencing others and getting help, achievement and control, and not thought through), to the individual's current position regarding past actions. Conclusions. The clinical implications of the findings are considered in the context of the existing male‐orientated firesetting knowledge base and emerging models of service delivery to women in secure settings.
Solid-State Chemistry in France: Structures and Dynamics of a Scientific Community Since World War II
Authors: Teissier Pierre 
Published: May 2010

This paper tells the history of solid-state chemistry in France from 1945 to the present. There, the chemical study of solids was carried out by a national, academic community of solid-state chemists, which went through three successive organizational regimes. It was first framed by prewar traditions, taking the form of a feudal regime of Parisian research schools until the late 1950s. As the first post-World War II generation gained power and influence, research schools tended to drop their local specificity and the same disciplinary matrix spread across the country. This disciplinary regime was made possible through the centralized administration of the Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS). Finally, a multiplication of practices and socializations blurred common standards in the 1980s, which shifted the community toward a cluster regime where numerous thematic groups loosely interacted under a broader umbrella influenced by materials science.
This case study investigates the institutional and epistemic structures and dynamics of a scientific community in a national context. The empirical analysis relies heavily on oral history, which affords special attention to the perceptions, discourses, and identities of the actors. The self-identification of chemists not only reflected their own beliefs but also constantly referred to their alter egos, the French solidstate physicists.
Aberrant expression of multiple hormone receptors in ACTH-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia causing Cushing's syndrome
Authors: de Groot J W B , Links T P , Themmen A P N , Looijenga L H , de Krijger R R , van Koetsveld P M , Hofland J , van den Berg G , Hofland L J , Feelders R A 
Published: May 2010

ObjectiveAberrant adrenal expression of various hormone receptors has been identified in ACTH-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (AIMAH) causing cortisol hypersecretion regulated by hormones other than ACTH. We aimed to determine aberrant expression of multiple hormone receptors in vivo and in vitro in adrenal tissue of a patient with AIMAH.DesignThe design of the study includes clinical case description, and biochemical and immunohistochemical analysis to demonstrate aberrant expression of multiple hormone receptors in AIMAH.MethodsThe subject of the study is a male diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome because of AIMAH. Directly after laparoscopic removal of the adrenals, adrenal tissue was incubated with and without test substances (ACTH, forskolin, arginine vasopressin (AVP), desmopressin, epinephrine, norepinephrine, purified human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), metoclopramide and the combinations of AVP with ACTH, epinephrine and metoclopramide). LH/hCG-receptor (hCG-R) immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR analyses were performed to demonstrate aberrant expression of LH/hCG-R and V1–3-AVPR.ResultsAIMAH was characterized by in vivo cortisol responsiveness to AVP and in vitro cortisol responses to AVP, hCG, epinephrine, and norepinephrine suggesting aberrant adrenal expression of the receptors for AVP (the V1–3-AVPRs), catecholamines (the β-AR), and LH (the LH/hCG-R). Incubation with combinations of AVP and ACTH and of AVP with epinephrine induced a stronger cortisol response compared with incubation with the individual agents. Moreover, we demonstrated adrenal V1–3-AVPR and LH/hCG-R expression.ConclusionsAIMAH tissue may simultaneously express multiple aberrant hormone receptors, and individual ligands may potentiate each other regarding cell proliferation and cortisol production.
BMI at Age 8 Years Is Influenced by the Type 2 Diabetes Susceptibility Genes HHEX-IDE and CDKAL1
Authors: Winkler Christiane , Bonifacio Ezio , Grallert Harald , Henneberger Lydia , Illig Thomas , Ziegler Anette-Gabriele 
Published: May 2010

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether HHEX-IDE and CDKAL1 genes, which are associated with birth weight and susceptibility to type 2 diabetes, continue to influence growth during childhood.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
BMI, weight, and height at age 8 years expressed as age- and sex-corrected standard deviation scores (SDS) against national reference data and single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping of HHEX-IDE and CDKAL1 loci were analyzed in 646 prospectively followed children in the German BABYDIAB cohort. All children were singleton full-term births; 386 had mothers with type 1 diabetes, and 260 had fathers with type 1 diabetes and a nondiabetic mother.

RESULTS
Type 2 diabetes risk alleles at the HHEX-IDE locus were associated with reduced BMI-SDS at age 8 years (0.17 SDS per allele; P = 0.004). After stratification for birth weight, both HHEX-IDE and CDKAL1 risk alleles were associated with reduced BMI-SDS (0.45 SDS, P = 0.0002; 0.52 SDS, P = 0.0001) and weight-SDS (0.22 SDS, P = 0.04; 0.56 SDS, P = 0.0002) in children born large for gestational age (&gt;90th percentile) but not children born small or appropriate for gestational age. Within children born large for gestational age, BMI and weight decreased with each additional type 2 diabetes risk allele (∼ −2 kg per allele; &gt;8 kg overall). Findings were consistent in children of mothers with type 1 diabetes (P &lt; 0.0001) and children of nondiabetic mothers (P = 0.008).

CONCLUSIONS
The type 2 diabetes susceptibility alleles at HHEX-IDE and CDKAL1 loci are associated with low BMI at age 8 years in children who were born large for gestational age.
Transient Inhibition of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 in Human Diabetic CD34+ Cells Enhances Vascular Reparative Functions
Authors: Bhatwadekar Ashay D. , Guerin E.P. , Jarajapu Yagna P.R. , Caballero Sergio , Sheridan Carl , Kent David , Kennedy Laurence , Lansang M. Cecilia , Ruscetti Frank W. , Pepine Carl J. , Higgins Paul J. , Bartelmez Stephen H. , Grant Maria B. 
Published: May 2010

OBJECTIVEPeripheral blood CD34+ cells from diabetic patients demonstrate reduced vascular reparative function due to decreased proliferation and diminished migratory prowess, largely resulting from decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. The level of TGF-β, a key factor that modulates stem cell quiescence, is increased in the serum of type 2 diabetic patients. We asked whether transient TGF-β1 inhibition in CD34+ cells would improve their reparative ability.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSTo inhibit TGF-β1 protein expression, CD34+ cells were treated ex vivo with antisense phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (TGF-β1-PMOs) and analyzed for cell surface CXCR4 expression, cell survival in the absence of added growth factors, SDF-1-induced migration, NO release, and in vivo retinal vascular reparative ability.RESULTSTGF-β1-PMO treatment of diabetic CD34+ cells resulted in increased expression of CXCR4, enhanced survival in the absence of growth factors, and increased migration and NO release as compared with cells treated with control PMO. Using a retinal ischemia reperfusion injury model in mice, we observed that recruitment of diabetic CD34+ cells to injured acellular retinal capillaries was greater after TGF-β1-PMO treatment compared with control PMO–treated cells.CONCLUSIONSTransient inhibition of TGF-β1 may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for restoring the reparative capacity of dysfunctional diabetic CD34+ cells.
Sarcopenic Obesity: Prevalence and Association With Metabolic Syndrome in the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging (KLoSHA)
Authors: Lim Soo , Kim Jung Hee , Yoon Ji Won , Kang Seon Mee , Choi Sung Hee , Park Young Joo , Kim Ki Woong , Lim Jae Young , Park Kyong Soo , Jang Hak Chul 
Published: May 2010

OBJECTIVE
We investigated the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity (SO) and its relationship with metabolic syndrome in a community-based elderly cohort in Korea.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In this study, 287 men and 278 women aged 65 or older were recruited. Sarcopenia was defined as the appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) divided by height squared (Ht2) (kg/m2) or by weight (Wt) (%) of &lt;1 SD below the sex-specific mean for young adults. Obesity was defined as a visceral fat area ≥100 cm2.

RESULTS
The prevalence of SO was 16.7% in men and 5.7% in women with sarcopenia defined by ASM/Ht2; however, it was 35.1% in men and 48.1% in women by ASM/Wt. Using ASM/Wt, the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance of subjects with SO was higher and they were at higher risk for metabolic syndrome (odds ratio [OR] 8.28 [95% CI 4.45–15.40]) than the obese (5.51 [2.81–10.80]) or sarcopenic group (2.64 [1.08–6.44]).

CONCLUSIONS
SO defined by ASM/Wt was more closely associated with metabolic syndrome than either sarcopenia or obesity alone.
Constructions of quotient algebras via triangular norms
Authors: Han Jeong , Kim Hee , Neggers J. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
In this paper, properties of certain real-valued mappings Δ on binary systems X which satisfy versions of the triangle inequality are investigated. For example, via a quotient construction using Ker Δ = {x: Δ(x) = 0} it is shown that X/Ker Δ is a d-algebra if X is a d-algebra. In addition fuzzy versions of these triangular norms and their properties are considered as well. Finally boundedness conditions on Δ and a concept of magnitude are both introduced and some consequences are derived.
Remark to an unambiguity of estimators in the universal linear statistical models with the type ii constraints
Authors: Kubáček Lubomír 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
In the universal linear statistical model with the type II constraints, estimates of the unbiasedly estimable linear functions of the parameters of the mean value vector are given by special types of generalized matrix inverse. Since there exists many versions of such matrix inverse it is of some interest to check the unambiguity of obtained estimators. The aim of the paper is to find the best unbiased linear estimators of unbiasedly estimable functions and to show that they do not depend on the choice of the used generalized inverse of the matrices.
Between Market Logic and Communal Practices: Pastoral Nomad Groups and Globalization in Contemporary Sudan (Case Studies from Central and Western Sudan)
Authors: Casciarri Barbara 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
This article deals with the conflict between communal practices typical of pastoral Sudanese groups, especially in accessing and managing natural resources, and market logic, which became dominant during the consolidation of global capitalism in Sudan. The focus is on wider socio-political structures and cultural values that support communal practices and their contradiction with individualistic (neo)-liberal ideology. The main factors and actors of recent transformations are illustrated first. Secondly, the local perception of changes, the transmission of ideological influence and the permanence of some institutions as signalling a 'silent resistance' by pastoral socio-cultural systems to commoditization, are analysed. The dilemma and contradiction experienced by the Ahâmda (Central Butana) and the Awlâd Nûba (Southern Kordofan) in this context of conflicting patterns is described.
Association of pruritus with quality of life and disability in systemic sclerosis
Authors: El‐Baalbaki Ghassan , Razykov Ilya , Hudson Marie , Bassel Marielle , Baron Murray , Thombs Brett D. ,   Canadian Scleroderma Research Group
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo our knowledge, no studies have investigated the association of pruritus, which is present in almost half of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc; scleroderma), with quality of life (QOL) and disability. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of pruritus with QOL and disability in SSc.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional, multicenter study of 578 SSc patients ≥1 year post–enrollment in the Canadian Scleroderma Research Group Registry. Patients reported whether they experienced pruritus during the past month on most days and underwent clinical histories and medical examinations. QOL was measured using the mental and physical component summary scores of the Short Form 36, and disability was measured with the Health Assessment Questionnaire disability index. The association of pruritus with QOL and disability was estimated using linear regression, controlling for sociodemographic and disease variables.ResultsA total of 248 patients (43%) reported pruritus on most days. Patients with pruritus had significantly worse mental (Hedges'sg= −0.43; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] −0.59, −0.26) and physical function (Hedges'sg= −0.51; 95% CI −0.68, −0.34) and greater disability (Hedges'sg= 0.46; 95% CI 0.29, 0.63) than patients without pruritus. In multivariate analyses, controlling for age, sex, marital status, education, disease duration, skin score, number of tender joints, gastrointestinal symptoms, breathing problems, Raynaud's phenomenon, and finger ulcers, pruritus was independently associated with mental (P= 0.017) and physical function (P= 0.003), but not disability (P= 0.112).ConclusionPruritus is common and associated with QOL in SSc. More attention to pruritus in SSc is needed, including its measurement, etiology, trajectory, and potential methods for intervention.
Genome‐scan for bipolar disorder with sib‐pair families in the Sardinian population: A new susceptibility locus on chromosome 1p22–p21?
Authors: Del Zompo Maria , Severino Giovanni , Ardau Raffaella , Chillotti Caterina , Piccardi Mariapaola , Dib Colette , Muzard Gaëlle , Soubigou Stéphane , Derock Murielle , Fournel Raphaël , Vaubien Yves , Roche Sandrine , Bowen‐Squires Laurent , Génin Emmanuelle , Cousin Emmanuelle , Deleuze Jean‐François , Biguet Nicole Faucon , Mallet Jacques , Meloni Rolando 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe discovery of the genetic factors implicated in the predisposition to complex diseases may greatly profit from genetic studies in isolated populations. In this perspective, we performed a genome‐wide scan using 507 microsatellite markers, with an average interval size of 7.6 cM, on a sample of 88 nuclear families with at least two affected sibs with bipolar disorder recruited in the Sardinian population. An initial analysis yielded non‐parametric linkage exceeding 3.4 with P‐values <0.0003 at two adjacent markers, D1S206 and D1S435 in the 1p22–p21 chromosomal region. Moreover, positive linkage ranging between 2.0 and 3.0 was obtained for other loci in several cases in regions that have already been linked to predisposition to bipolar disorder, such as 5p15.33, 8q24.13, and 11q14.3. A subsequent analysis of the 1p22–p21 region using the same set of families and a dense panel of 20 new microsatellite markers, spaced at 1.2 cM on average, reinforced the finding of suggestive linkage for this region. Interestingly, NPL values above 2.1 and P‐values <0.02 were obtained for a cluster of 10 markers comprising D1S435. Thus, this study suggests that the 1p22–p21 region may contain a new locus participating to the genetic susceptibility to bipolar disorder and reproduces positive linkage for several other loci already implicated in this pathology. Since the Sardinian population presents a peculiar genetic homogeneity, these results may pave the way to further studies for replication in this population contributing to the rapid discovery of the genetic factors predisposing to bipolar disorder. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A functional polymorphism in the reduced folate carrier gene and DNA hypomethylation in mothers of children with autism
Authors: James S. Jill , Melnyk Stepan , Jernigan Stefanie , Pavliv Oleksandra , Trusty Timothy , Lehman Sara , Seidel Lisa , Gaylor David W. , Cleves Mario A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe biologic basis of autism is complex and is thought to involve multiple and variable gene–environment interactions. While the logical focus has been on the affected child, the impact of maternal genetics on intrauterine microenvironment during pivotal developmental windows could be substantial. Folate‐dependent one carbon metabolism is a highly polymorphic pathway that regulates the distribution of one‐carbon derivatives between DNA synthesis (proliferation) and DNA methylation (cell‐specific gene expression and differentiation). These pathways are essential to support the programmed shifts between proliferation and differentiation during embryogenesis and organogenesis. Maternal genetic variants that compromise intrauterine availability of folate derivatives could alter fetal cell trajectories and disrupt normal neurodevelopment. In this investigation, the frequency of common functional polymorphisms in the folate pathway was investigated in a large population‐based sample of autism case‐parent triads. In case–control analysis, a significant increase in the reduced folate carrier (RFC1) G allele frequency was found among case mothers, but not among fathers or affected children. Subsequent log linear analysis of the RFC1 A80G genotype within family trios revealed that the maternal G allele was associated with a significant increase in risk of autism whereas the inherited genotype of the child was not. Further, maternal DNA from the autism mothers was found to be significantly hypomethylated relative to reference control DNA. Metabolic profiling indicated that plasma homocysteine, adenosine, and S‐adenosylhomocyteine were significantly elevated among autism mothers consistent with reduced methylation capacity and DNA hypomethylation. Together, these results suggest that the maternal genetics/epigenetics may influence fetal predisposition to autism. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis of biodegradable amino‐acid‐based poly(ester amide)s and poly(ether ester amide)s with pendant functional groups
Authors: Guo Kai , Chu C. C. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA new family of biodegradable amino‐acid‐based poly(ester amide)s (AA–PEAs) and amino‐acid‐based poly(ether ester amide)s (AA–PEEAs) consisting of reactive pendant functional groups (COOH or NH2) were synthesized from unsaturated AA–PEAs and AA–PEEAs via a thiol–ene reaction in the presence of a radical initiator (2,2′‐azobisisobutyronitrile). The synthetic method was a one‐step reaction with near 100% yields under mild reaction conditions. The resulting functional AA–PEA and AA–PEEA polymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, NMR, and differential scanning calorimetry. These new functional AA–PEA and AA–PEEA derivatives had lower glass‐transition temperatures than the original unsaturated AA–PEA and AA–PEEA polymers, and their solubility in some organic solvents also improved. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Biodegradable microspheres of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate)/poly(ε‐caprolactone) loaded with malathion pesticide: Preparation, characterization, and in vitro controlled release testing
Authors: Suave J. , Dall'Agnol E. C. , Pezzin A. P. T. , Meier M. M. , Silva D. A. K. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn this investigation, our aim was to evaluate the performance of a controlled release of malathion pesticide loaded in microspheres of pure polymers of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) and poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) and of blends of these polymers with compositions of 70/30, 80/20, 90/10, 95/5, and 97/3 w/w. Microspheres were obtained by an emulsion–evaporation method to load a model pesticide. Scanning electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry were used to characterize the effect of the pesticide on the morphology and particles size of the biodegradable microspheres. The interaction between the matrix and pesticide was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The test for controlled release was performed in an aqueous medium, and malathion was quantified by ultraviolet spectroscopy. The results show that the release of malathion was improved with the PCL content in the blends; this indicated the possibility of modulating the release of the pesticide in these biodegradable blends. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Friction and wear behavior of basalt‐fabric‐reinforced/solid‐lubricant‐filled phenolic composites
Authors: Zhang Xinrui , Pei Xianqiang , Wang Qihua 
Published: May 2010

AbstractTo improve the tribological properties of basalt‐fabric‐reinforced phenolic composites, solid lubricants of MoS2 and graphite were incorporated, and the tribological properties of the resulting basalt‐fabric composites were investigated on a model ring‐on‐block test rig under dry sliding conditions. The effects of the filler content, load, and sliding time on the tribological behavior of the basalt‐fabric composites were systematically examined. The morphologies of the worn surfaces and transfer films formed on the counterpart steel rings were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy. The experimental results reveal that the incorporation of MoS2 significantly decreased the friction coefficient, whereas the inclusion of graphite improved the wear resistance remarkably. The results also indicate that the filled basalt‐fabric composites seemed to be more suitable for friction materials serving under higher loads. The transfer films formed on the counterpart surfaces during the friction process made contributions to the reduction of the friction coefficient and wear rate of the basalt‐fabric composites. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010