bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sulfoxide‐Mediated Cys‐Trp‐Selective Bioconjugation that Enables Protein Labeling and Peptide Heterodimerization
Authors: Kobayashi Daishiro , Denda Masaya , Hayashi Junya , Hidaka Kota , Kohmura Yutaka , Tsunematsu Takaaki , Nishino Kohei , Yoshikawa Harunori , Ohkawachi Kento , Nigorikawa Kiyomi , Yoshimaru Tetsuro , Ishimaru Naozumi , Nomura Wataru , Katagiri Toyomasa , Kosako Hidetaka , Otaka Akira 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA method was developed that enables the magnesium chloride (MgCl2)‐activated S‐acetamidomethyl cysteine sulfoxide (Cys(Acm)(O)) to induce the sp2(C−H) sulfenylation of the indole of Trp residues. The reaction operates under mild acidic conditions using acetic acid or an ionic liquid to give the Trp‐sulfenylated products. Other than Trp, all other proteinogenic amino acids are unreactive to the sulfenylation conditions. We demonstrated the successful application of this reaction to various peptides, including lysozyme. Furthermore, we achieved the Trp‐modification of a monoclonal antibody by a MgCl2‐mediated reaction in an acidic ionic liquid. The resulting antibody exhibited antibody performance comparable to the parent protein. The amide moiety in the Acm group contributes to the difference in chemical behaviors between S‐Acm and S‐p‐methoxybenzyl (MBzl)‐protected cysteine sulfoxides. This is because the S‐Acm sulfoxide is converted to S‐chlorocysteine responsible for Trp‐sulfenylation under less acidic conditions than those required for the reaction of S‐MBzl sulfoxide. Based on this rationale, we prepared a linker possessing S‐Acm and S‐MBzl oxide moieties and subjected the linker to heterodimerization of DNA‐binding MYC and MAX peptides containing a Trp handle. The one‐pot/stepwise Cys‐Trp conjugation between the linker and DNA‐binding peptides allowed the generation of a heterodimeric MYC/MAX DNA binder.
Tripodal BODIPY‐Tagged and Functional Molecular Probes: Synthesis, Computational Investigations and Explorations by Multiphoton Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy
Authors: Lledos Marina , Calatayud David G. , Cortezon‐Tamarit Fernando , Ge Haobo , Pourzand Charareh , Botchway Stanley W. , Sodupe Mariona , Lledós Agustí , Eggleston Ian M. , Pascu Sofia I. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA range of novel BODIPY derivatives with a tripodal aromatic core was synthesized and characterized spectroscopically. These new fluorophores showed promising features as probes for in vitro assays in live cells and offer strategic routes for further functionalization towards hybrid nanomaterials. Incorporation of biotin tags facilitated proof‐of‐concept access to targeted bioconjugates as molecular probes. Computational explorations using DFT and TD‐DFT calculations identified the most stable tripodal linker conformations and predicted their absorption and emission behavior. The uptake and speciation of these molecules in living prostate cancer cells was imaged by single‐ and two‐photon excitation techniques coupled with two‐photon fluorescence lifetime imaging (2P FLIM).
Crystalline Boron‐Centered Analogues of Müller's Hydrocarbon
Authors: Pan Guo , Bao Qidi , Liu Xiaona , Jiang Yuqi , Zhou Ren , Xu Tianze , Li Qianli , Su Yuanting 
Published: June 2024

Comprehensive SummaryMüller's hydrocarbon is a well‐known open‐shell singlet diradicaloid, yet its structural determination and redox property remain elusive due to its extremely high reactivity. Herein, we report the successful synthesis and full characterizations of the first neutral boron‐centered analogue (4) of Müller's hydrocarbon, along with the first dianionic boron‐centered analogue (52−) featuring three isolable redox states. In the presence of two equivalents of N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC), reduction of 4,4”‐bis(triisopropylphenylbromoboryl)terphenyl 3 with potassium graphite afforded NHC‐stabilized boryl diradicaloid 4 with a near‐pure diradical character (y0 = 0.93). Stepwise reductions of 4,4”‐bis(dimesitylboryl)terphenyl 5 in THF yielded the isolable monoradical anion 5·− and diradical dianion 52−, respectively, accompanied by a decreasing aromaticity within the conjugated spacer. Experimental studies and theoretical analyses revealed that both 4 and 52− exhibit large spin distributions at boron atoms, open‐shell singlet ground states, and small singlet‐triplet energy gaps.
Evaluating the patient sociodemographic factors affecting dental students' clinical communication skills using a three‐perspective approach
Authors: Ab Ghani Siti Mariam , Mohd Khairuddin Puteri Nurul Adila , Md Sabri Budi Aslinie , Schonwetter Dieter , Lim Tong Wah 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to assess undergraduate dental students' communication skills in relation to patient sociodemographic factors using a three‐perspective approach; the student, the patient, and the clinical instructor perspective.Materials and MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted using validated modified‐communication tools; Patient Communication Assessment Instruments (PCAI), Student Communication Assessment Instruments (SCAI), and Clinical Communication Assessment Instruments (CCAI). Moreover, 176 undergraduate clinical year students were recruited in this study whereby each student was assessed by a clinical instructor, a patient, and self‐evaluation.ResultsThe clinical communication skills domains were not significantly influenced by patient sociodemographic factors, including sex, educational background, and the number of visits (p > .05). However, this study revealed a statistically significant difference in the domain of “caring and respectful” of the SCAI between the low‐ and middle‐income groups.ConclusionsOverall, most of the patient sociodemographic factors did not affect clinical communication skills. However, patient income groups played a significant role in one of the communication domains.
Effect of lipid‐mediated moisture status on casein characteristic in two types of milk powders during accelerated storage
Authors: Yan Haixia , Ma Chao , Shen Yixiao , Ye Bo , Liu Ling 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the relationship between casein oxidation and moisture status in the presence of milk fat to clarify the role of fat on water in milk powder. The results showed that at the same water activity (aw), the faster oxidation of whole milk powder (WMP) is attributed to the high proportion of free water and immobilized water in them, indicating that the adsorption of milk fat mainly depended on multilayer water and the entrapped water. In the diffusion‐limited reaction, changes in water state affected more than radicals on casein oxidation. Glass transition temperature (Tg) was also affected by the water state of lipid adsorption. At low aw (<0.4), the water content of WMP and skim milk powder (SMP) was similar, but the Tg of WMP was significantly lower than SMP, especially when aw was 0.33, its Tg was <0. It suggested that water state rather than water content was the main factor affecting Tg. Especially, because the mobile water absorbed by milk fat in WMP reduced Tg, which further led to the acceleration of lactose crystallization, casein oxidative aggregation, and Maillard reaction.
Synthesis of Deoxy Pyranosides Via Fe(III) Catalyzed Regioselective Thiocarbonylation of Partially Protected Carbohydrates
Authors: Zhao Jie , Zhang Xiaorui , Yang Qichang , Wang Haifeng , Gu Shuang‐Xi , Yan Qiongjiao , Lv Jian , Chen Fen‐Er 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRapid and efficient synthesis of targeted deoxygenated glycosides is highly desired. Herein, we disclose a two‐step procedure for the synthesis of deoxysugars from partially protected pyranosides via site‐selective thiocarbonylation followed by tin‐free Barton–McCombie deoxygenation. The selectivity can be smoothly achieved through anhydrous FeCl3 as the catalyst assisted by low‐priced benzoyltrifluoroacetonate (Hbtfa) ligand in the presence of K2CO3 as base. Further deoxygenation can be carried out using greener silicon reagent, avoiding highly toxic organotin reagents in traditional procedures. Conspicuous features of this method include mild conditions, easy operation, high selectivity and non or low toxic reagents, making it a more attractive strategy.
Decoupled and unconditionally stable iteration method for stationary Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Chen Jianhua , Jiang Yingying , Zhang Guo‐Dong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIt is well known the Oseen iteration for the stationary Navier–Stokes equations is unconditionally stable. However, it is a coupled type scheme where the velocity and pressure are coupled together at each iteration. By treating pressure explicitly would lead to a decoupled iteration, but this treatment is unstable. In this article, we construct a decoupled and unconditionally stable iteration method to solve the stationary Navier–Stokes equations by adopting the pressure projection method to the temporal disturbed Navier–Stokes system whose solution approximates the steady state solution over time (). We also rigorously prove its unconditional stability. Numerical simulations demonstrate that our iterative method is more efficient and stable than the extensively used T‐S and Oseen iterations, and could solve the fluid flow with high Reynolds number.
Report of case series: Correlation between pathological and radiological evaluation and clinical course of three cases of metastatic renal cell carcinoma with cytoreductive nephrectomy after combined immuno‐oncology therapy
Authors: Atagi Yuichiro , Tada Kouki , Kouno Reina , Minato Ryoei , Hashine Katsuyoshi 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionThe pathologic evaluation and clinical course of cytoreductive nephrectomy after combined immuno‐oncology therapy were reviewed to understand the benefits of cytoreductive nephrectomy.Case presentationThree patients with clear cell carcinoma underwent tumor biopsy before combined immuno‐oncology therapy. Case 1 was found to have a sarcomatoid component upon nephrectomy and continued with combined immuno‐oncology therapy. Case 2 discontinued combined immuno‐oncology therapy due to adverse events but maintained tumor shrinkage. The patient was found to have viable cells in most nephrectomy specimens but has had no recurrence after combined immuno‐oncology therapy was discontinued. In case 3, the residual tumor was deemed resectable with combined immuno‐oncology therapy, and nephrectomy and metastasectomy were performed. No viable cells were observed in either specimen, and the patient has had no recurrence.ConclusionCytoreductive nephrectomy after combined immuno‐oncology therapy may be useful to allow pathologic evaluation of treatment and provide an indicator for subsequent treatment.
Ultrasound and ultrasound shear‐wave elastography evaluation of ulceroglandular type of tularemia
Authors: Gülmez Ali Osman , Çetin Türkhun , Aydın Sonay , Binay Umut Devrim 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionUltrasound (US) has an important place in imaging ulceroglandular type patients with tularemia. This study is a case series addressing the imaging findings of US and US shear‐wave elastography in ulceroglandular type tularemia.DescriptionThree patients, two women, and one man, were included in our case series. The patients were admitted to our hospital with neck swelling, pain, and a palpable mass. After the diagnosis of tularemia was made as a result of the examinations performed on the patients, they were evaluated again with US and US shear‐wave elastography.DiscussionSince there are many diagnoses including ulceroglandular tularemia in the differential diagnosis of swelling, pain, and palpable mass in the neck, the patient must undergo a thorough evaluation process. US shear‐wave elastography can provide significant benefits in identification and treatment follow‐up in order to understand the ulceroglandular mass formation observed in the neck in tularemia and the stiffness and morphology of the tissues in the lymph nodes where involvement is observed and to distinguish them from the surrounding tissue.
The Manchester Scoring System for predicting BRCA1/2 mutations underperforms in Arabic Omani breast cancer patients
Authors: van Wyk Chantel , Al‐Sayegh Hasan , Al‐Kiyumi Sara I. , Al‐Mamari Ghaida S. , Al Saegh Abeer A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRisk assessment models that are applied to assess the lifetime risk of cancer and pathogenic variant risk are more commonly used in Western populations. Using these models, without validation, for non‐Western populations has been questioned. This study aimed to evaluate the use and consistency of the Manchester Scoring System as a risk assessment model for the Omani population. A retrospective, file‐based analysis was performed on breast cancer patients seen in a genomics department over a two‐year period. Personal cancer history and family history were used to analyze the Manchester scores of 409 breast and/or cancer patients. The results show that, overall, the Manchester scores were low. If this risk assessment model had been used to determine eligibility for a priori service and genetic testing decisions, 12 BRCA pathogenic cases would have been missed. At this time, the Manchester Scoring System does not seem to be the best risk assessment model for use in the Omani population, unless the eligibility threshold of ≥6 is used, which could provide a better sensitivity for the Omani population. We propose using concepts of the Manchester Scoring model to create a scoring system that is more suitable for the Omani and Arabic population.
Clinical practice and outcome of patients with elderly‐onset ulcerative colitis: Insights from a nationwide claims database study in Japan
Authors: Moroi Rintaro , Kakuta Yoichi , Nagai Hiroshi , Shimoyama Yusuke , Naito Takeo , Shiga Hisashi , Kinouchi Yoshitaka , Masamune Atsushi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and AimThe number of older patients with ulcerative colitis is increasing; however, limited data exist regarding the differences between elderly‐ and non‐elderly‐onset ulcerative colitis. We aimed to compare the clinical practice and course of elderly‐onset ulcerative colitis with those of non‐elderly‐onset ulcerative colitis.MethodsWe selected older patients with ulcerative colitis and divided them into the elderly‐ and non‐elderly‐onset ulcerative colitis groups according to their age at onset. We compared the cumulative systemic steroid‐free, molecular targeting drug‐free, and surgery‐free rates between the two groups. We performed a multivariate analysis to identify the clinical factors related to systemic steroid administration, the use of molecular targeting drugs, surgery, and death.ResultsWe collected data of 2669 and 277 elderly and non‐elderly‐onset ulcerative colitis patients, respectively. The cumulative systemic steroid‐free rate of elderly‐onset ulcerative colitis was significantly lower than that of non‐elderly‐onset ulcerative colitis. However, no difference was observed in the cumulative molecular targeting drugs and surgery‐free rates between the two groups. Elderly‐onset ulcerative colitis significantly increased the risk of systemic steroid administration and death but not the use of molecular targeting drugs and surgery.ConclusionThe disease severity of ulcerative colitis and clinical practice may not differ between the elderly‐ and non‐elderly‐onset groups. However, elderly‐onset ulcerative colitis was associated with increased mortality risk. Thus, we need to pay attention to the patients' condition and appropriate timing of surgery for patients with elderly‐onset ulcerative colitis.
Two successful pregnancies ‐in patients taking Volanesorsen for familial chylomicronemia syndrome
Authors: Wanninayake Subadra , Ochoa‐Ferraro Antonio , Patel Karishma , Ramachandran Radha , Wierzbicki Anthony S. , Dawson Charlotte 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFamilial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS) is a rare inherited disorder characterized by severe hypertriglyceridemia, posing a heightened risk of acute pancreatitis. Recently, Volanesorsen, an APOC3 antisense oligonucleotide, gained approval for FCS treatment in the UK. Caution is advised during pregnancy due to limited safety data, although animal studies show no toxicity/teratogenicity. Two case scenarios are presented: In the first case, a patient with FCS continued Volanesorsen injections without having thrombocytopenia during an unplanned pregnancy until third trimester, maintaining triglyceride control. Upon discovering the pregnancy at 38 weeks, Volanesorsen was ceased, and a low‐fat diet reinstated. Despite a heightened risk of pancreatitis, no episodes of pancreatitis occurred during the pregnancy. In the second case, stopping Volanesorsen before conception led to elevated triglycerides, and an episode of acute pancreatitis at 22 weeks, despite strict very low‐fat diet and fibrate therapy from 14 weeks. At 23 weeks, Volanesorsen was reintroduced concurrently with regular therapeutic plasma exchange. No further episodes of pancreatitis occurred. In both case, fetal health was maintained throughout pregnancy, fetal scans revealed no anomalies, and planned C‐sections delivered healthy babies without congenital issues. Both babies are well and developing normally at 24 and 19 months.
Clinical efficacy of SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron‐neutralizing antibodies in immunoglobulin preparations for the treatment of agammaglobulinemia in patients with primary antibody deficiency
Authors: Karbiener Michael , Kindle Gerhard , Meyts Isabelle , Seppänen Mikko R. J. , Candotti Fabio , Kamieniak Marta , Ilk Reinhard , Kreil Thomas R. , Seidel Markus G. ,   ESID‐COVID Consortium
Published: June 2024

AbstractImmunocompromised individuals are at significantly elevated risk for severe courses of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). In addition to vaccination, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) have been applied throughout the pandemic, with time of treatment onset and potency against the currently prevailing virus variant identified as relevant factors for medical benefit. Using data from the European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) registry, the present study evaluated COVID‐19 cases in three groups of patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI; 981 agammaglobulinemia patients on immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IGRT); 8960 non‐agammaglobulinemia patients on IGRT; 14 428 patients without IGRT), and the neutralizing capacity of 1100 immunoglobulin lots against SARS‐CoV‐2 (“Wuhan” and Omicron strains), throughout 3 years. From the first (2020/2021) to the second (2021/2022) cold season, i.e., during the virus drift to the more contagious Omicron variants, an increase in case numbers was recorded that was comparable (~2‐ to 3‐fold) for all three study groups. During the same period, immunoglobulin lots showed a profound nAb increase against the archetypal SARS‐CoV‐2 strain, yet only low levels of Omicron nAbs. Notably, shortly before the third (2022/2023) cold season, Omicron‐neutralizing capacity of released immunoglobulin lots had plateaued at high levels. From the second to the third cold season, COVID‐19 cases dropped markedly. While a ~6‐fold case reduction was recorded for the groups of non‐agammaglobulinemia patients on IGRT and IEI patients not receiving IGRT, the decline was ~30‐fold for the group of agammaglobulinemia patients on IGRT. These findings suggest a substantial COVID‐19‐protective effect of IGRT, at least for distinct groups of antibody‐deficient patients.
Effects of irrigation‐induced surface thermodynamics changes on wind speed in the Heihe River basin, Northwest China
Authors: Song Shuaifeng , Zhang Xuezhen , Liu Juan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Heihe River Basin, located in Northwest China, serves as a major commodity grain base in China due to its state‐of‐the‐art irrigation system. The rapid increase in soil moisture caused by irrigation can alter the land–atmosphere energy fluxes and regulate regional climate. However, the effects and mechanisms of irrigation on wind speed related to thermodynamics remain unclear. Here, we carried out two 10‐year numerical simulations using the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model incorporating a real‐time irrigation scheme. By comparing the simulation differences (including and excluding irrigation), we found that irrigation significantly decreased the daily mean and maximum wind speed at 10 m above ground by 0.30 and 0.55 m·s−1, respectively, in the irrigated area during the growth season. Such surface wind slowdown could be explained by irrigation‐induced surface air cooling and, hence, intensifying atmospheric column stability, weakening turbulent momentum transport, as well as opposite‐to‐prevailing winds vector anomaly caused by increased southward pressure gradient. Meanwhile, we also found wind slowdown mainly occurs below 1100 m while acceleration effect above that level. It was highlighted that the surface wind slowdown effect of irrigation substantially improved the performance of the WRF model. Due to the surface wind slowdown effect of irrigation, the positive bias of daily mean and maximum wind speed simulated by the WRF model was reduced by 15.3% and 27.4%, respectively. Our findings implicate the potential importance of irrigation in improving the performance of climate models as well as in explaining the phenomenon of global stilling.
The Art of Creative Inquiry—From Question Asking to Prompt Engineering
Authors: Sasson Lazovsky Gal , Raz Tuval , Kenett Yoed N. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTAs artificial intelligence and natural language processing methods rapidly develop, communication plays a pivotal role in every‐day interactions. In this theoretical paper, we explore the overlap and commonalities between question‐asking and prompt engineering. While seemingly distinct, these processes share a common foundation in essential skills like creativity, critical thinking, and cognitive flexibility. We contend that prompt engineering, the art of crafting cues for language models, and question‐asking, the skill of formulating inquiries, form a symbiotic relationship. Delving into question complexity through Bloom's taxonomy and diverse types of questions, we propose strategies for not only efficient but also engaging prompt design. Our theoretical contribution emphasizes the dynamic role of creativity in both processes, offering intriguing perspectives on human–machine interactions and advancing our understanding of language models and communication skills.