bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of acupuncture in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Zhe , Jiao Mingyuan , Wang Tianqi , Zhang Baiwen , Dong Hao , Du Yunpeng , Yao Jiayong , Zou Wei 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveThere is currently a lack of evidence in evidence-based medicine regarding acupuncture treatment for experimental intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture treatment for experimental ICH based on neurological function scores and brain water content (BWC).MethodsEight mainstream Chinese and English databases were searched. Outcome measures included neurological function scores and BWC, and subgroup analysis was conducted based on study characteristics.ResultsA total of 32 studies were included. Meta-analysis results indicated that compared to the control group, the acupuncture group showed significant reductions in mNSS (MD = −3.16, p &lt; 0.00001), Bederson score (MD = −0.99, p &lt; 0.00001), Longa score (MD = −0.54, p &lt; 0.0001), and brain water content (MD = −5.39, p &lt; 0.00001). Subgroup analysis revealed that for mNSS, the autologous blood model (MD = −3.36) yielded better results than the collagenase model (MD = −0.92, p &lt; 0.00001), and simple fixation (MD = −3.38) or no fixation (MD = −3.39) was superior to sham acupuncture (MD = −0.92, p &lt; 0.00001). For BWC, the autologous blood model (MD = −7.73) outperformed the collagenase model (MD = −2.76, p &lt; 0.00001), and GV20–GB7 (MD = −7.27) was more effective than other acupuncture points (MD = −2.92, p = 0.0006).ConclusionAcupuncture significantly improves neurological deficits and brain edema in experimental ICH. Acupuncture at GV20 - GB7 is more effective than at other points. These findings support further studies to translate acupuncture into clinical treatment for human ICH.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023435584.
Radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy for the management of spasticity in cerebral palsy: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tur Segura Míriam , Gimeno Esteve Francisca , Biedermann Villagra Tamara , Jiménez Redondo Jordi , García Rodríguez Nicolás , Milà Villarroel Raimon 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundSpasticity is the most common motor disorder in cerebral palsy (CP), and its management is complex, posing a significant challenge for the rehabilitation team. Radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (rESWT) has emerged in recent years as an effective, non-invasive, and low-risk alternative for the management of spasticity in CP patients, with only minor side effects such as small bruises or discomfort during application. There is great variability in rESWT administration protocols, ranging from a single session up to the 12 sessions. The most extensively studied protocol involves 3 rESWT sessions with a one-week interval between session. According to current literature, the effect of rESWT has not been investigated by extending the time interval between sessions beyond 1 week to determine if therapeutic effects on spasticity can be prolonged over time.MethodsFollowing a power calculation using the minimal clinical important difference of our primary outcome (R2 of Modified Tardieu Scale), 72 patients will be included in the study. Enrolment is based upon inclusion/exclusion criteria outlined in the Methods section. Participants will be randomized in 3 groups. Each patient will receive 2000 impulses in the Triceps Sural muscle (distributed by all the plantar flexor muscles: soleus and gastrocnemius), at a 2.2 Bars pressure and a frequency of 8 Hz. The Control Group will receive 3 rESWT sessions with a time interval of 1 week between each session. The Experimental Group A will receive 3 rESTW sessions with a time interval of 2 weeks between each session and the Experimental Group B will receive 3 rESTW sessions with a time interval of 4 weeks between each session.DiscussionThis study will provide further information regarding the effect of rESWT on spasticity in patients with CP. If an increase in the time interval between rESWT sessions allows for the prolongation of therapeutic benefits on spasticity, it will be clinically relevant fact. With the same treatment dosage, patients will be able to benefit from its effects for a longer period of time.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT05702606.
Transcriptomic convergence despite genomic divergence drive field cancerization in synchronous squamous tumors
Authors: Tan Qiu Xuan , Shannon Nicholas B. , Lim Weng Khong , Teo Jing Xian , Yap Daniel R. Y. , Lek Sze Min , Tan Joey W. S. , Tan Shih Jia J. , Hendrikson Josephine , Liu Ying , Ng Gillian , Chong Clara Y. L. , Guo Wanyu , Koh Kelvin K. N. , Ng Cedric C. Y. , Rajasegaran Vikneswari , Wong Jolene S.M. , Seo Chin Jin , Ong Choon Kiat , Lim Tony K. H. , Teh Bin Tean , Kon Oi Lian , Chia Claramae S. , Soo Khee Chee , Iyer N. Gopalakrishna , Ong Chin-Ann J. 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionField cancerization is suggested to arise from imbalanced differentiation in individual basal progenitor cells leading to clonal expansion of mutant cells that eventually replace the epithelium, although without evidence.MethodsWe performed deep sequencing analyses to characterize the genomic and transcriptomic landscapes of field change in two patients with synchronous aerodigestive tract tumors.ResultsOur data support the emergence of numerous genetic alterations in cancer-associated genes but refutes the hypothesis that founder mutation(s) underpin this phenomenon. Mutational signature analysis identified defective homologous recombination as a common underlying mutational process unique to synchronous tumors.DiscussionOur analyses suggest a common etiologic factor defined by mutational signatures and/or transcriptomic convergence, which could provide a therapeutic opportunity.
Practice recommendations regarding parental presence in NICUs during pandemics caused by respiratory pathogens like COVID-19
Authors: Campbell-Yeo Marsha , Bacchini Fabiana , Alcock Lynsey , Mitra Souvik , MacNeil Morgan , Mireault Amy , Beltempo Marc , Bishop Tanya , Campbell Douglas M. , Chilcott Addie , Comeau Jeannette L. , Dol Justine , Grant Amy , Gubbay Jonathon , Hughes Brianna , Hundert Amos , Inglis Darlene , Lakoff Alanna , Lalani Yasmin , Luu Thuy Mai , Morton Jenna , Narvey Michael , O’Brien Karel , Robeson Paula , Science Michelle , Shah Prakesh , Whitehead Leah 
Published: June 2024

AimTo co-create parental presence practice recommendations across Canadian NICUs during pandemics caused by respiratory pathogens such as COVID-19.MethodsRecommendations were developed through evidence, context, Delphi and Values and Preferences methods. For Delphi 1 and 2, participants rated 50 items and 20 items respectively on a scale from 1 (very low importance) to 5 (very high). To determine consensus, evidence and context of benefits and harms were presented and discussed within the Values and Preference framework for the top-ranked items. An agreement of 80% or more was deemed consensus.ResultsAfter two Delphi rounds (n = 59 participants), 13 recommendations with the highest rated importance were identified. Consensus recommendations included 6 strong recommendations (parents as essential caregivers, providing skin-to-skin contact, direct or mothers' own expressed milk feeding, attending medical rounds, mental health and psychosocial services access, and inclusion of parent partners in pandemic response planning) and 7 conditional recommendations (providing hands-on care tasks, providing touch, two parents present at the same time, food and drink access, use of communication devices, and in-person access to medical rounds and mental health and psychosocial services).ConclusionThese recommendations can guide institutions in developing strategies for parental presence during pandemics caused by respiratory pathogens like COVID-19
Comparative analysis of anticholinergic burden scales to explain iatrogenic cognitive impairment in schizophrenia: results from the multicenter FACE-SZ cohort
Authors: Vidal Nathan , Roux Paul , Urbach Mathieu , Belmonte Cristobal , Boyer Laurent , Capdevielle Delphine , Clauss-Kobayashi Julie , D’Amato Thierry , Dassing Romane , Dubertret Caroline , Dubreucq Julien , Fond Guillaume , Honciuc Roxana-Mihaela , Leignier Sylvain , Llorca Pierre-Michel , Mallet Jasmina , Misdrahi David , Pignon Baptiste , Rey Romain , Schürhoff Franck , Tessier Arnaud ,   the FACE-SZ (FondaMental Academic Centers of Expertise—Schizophrenia) Group, Passerieux Christine , Brunet-Gouet Eric 
Published: June 2024

AimThe anticholinergic properties of medications are associated with poorer cognitive performance in schizophrenia. Numerous scales have been developed to assess anticholinergic burden and yet, there is no consensus indicating which anticholinergic burden scale is more relevant for patients with schizophrenia. We aimed to identify valid scales for estimating the risk of iatrogenic cognitive impairment in schizophrenia.MethodsWe identified 27 scales in a literature review. The responses to neuropsychological tests of 839 individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder in the FACE-SZ database were collected between 2010 and 2021. We estimated the association between objective global cognitive performance and the 27 scales, the number of psychotropic drugs, and chlorpromazine and lorazepam equivalents in bivariable regressions in a cross-sectional design. We then adjusted the bivariable models with covariates: the predictors significantly associated with cognitive performance in multiple linear regressions were considered to have good concurrent validity to assess cognitive performance.ResultsEight scales, the number of psychotropic drugs, and drug equivalents were significantly associated with cognitive impairment. The number of psychotropic drugs, the most convenient predictor to compute, was associated with worse executive function (Standardized β = −0.12, p = .004) and reasoning (Standardized β = −0.08, p = .037).ConclusionAnticholinergic burden, the number of psychotropic drugs, and drug equivalents were weakly associated with cognition, thus suggesting that cognitive impairment in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder is explained by factors other than medication. The number of psychotropic drugs was the most parsimonious method to assess the risk of iatrogenic cognitive impairment.
Semantic segmentation of microbial alterations based on SegFormer
Authors: Elmessery Wael M. , Maklakov Danil V. , El-Messery Tamer M. , Baranenko Denis A. , Gutiérrez Joaquín , Shams Mahmoud Y. , El-Hafeez Tarek Abd , Elsayed Salah , Alhag Sadeq K. , Moghanm Farahat S. , Mulyukin Maksim A. , Petrova Yuliya Yu. , Elwakeel Abdallah E. 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionPrecise semantic segmentation of microbial alterations is paramount for their evaluation and treatment. This study focuses on harnessing the SegFormer segmentation model for precise semantic segmentation of strawberry diseases, aiming to improve disease detection accuracy under natural acquisition conditions.MethodsThree distinct Mix Transformer encoders - MiT-B0, MiT-B3, and MiT-B5 - were thoroughly analyzed to enhance disease detection, targeting diseases such as Angular leaf spot, Anthracnose rot, Blossom blight, Gray mold, Leaf spot, Powdery mildew on fruit, and Powdery mildew on leaves. The dataset consisted of 2,450 raw images, expanded to 4,574 augmented images. The Segment Anything Model integrated into the Roboflow annotation tool facilitated efficient annotation and dataset preparation.ResultsThe results reveal that MiT-B0 demonstrates balanced but slightly overfitting behavior, MiT-B3 adapts rapidly with consistent training and validation performance, and MiT-B5 offers efficient learning with occasional fluctuations, providing robust performance. MiT-B3 and MiT-B5 consistently outperformed MiT-B0 across disease types, with MiT-B5 achieving the most precise segmentation in general.DiscussionThe findings provide key insights for researchers to select the most suitable encoder for disease detection applications, propelling the field forward for further investigation. The success in strawberry disease analysis suggests potential for extending this approach to other crops and diseases, paving the way for future research and interdisciplinary collaboration.
Effect analysis of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with fluoxetine in the treatment of first-episode adolescent depression
Authors: Jiao Long , Chen Tingting , Huang Yuanyuan , Huang Xiaoqin 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate the efficacy of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with fluoxetine in enhancing the early antidepressant response in first-episode adolescent depression cases, providing insights for patient diagnosis and treatment.MethodsOne hundred and thirty-five adolescents experiencing their first depressive episode were randomly assigned to either a sham group treated with fluoxetine or to low or high repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) groups receiving both rTMS and fluoxetine. Therapeutic effects were assessed by comparing changes in Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17) scores, cognitive function scores from the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), and Clinical Global Impression-improvement (CGI-I) scores, along with recording adverse reactions.ResultsThe total effectiveness rate in the rTMS groups (Low, 95.56%; High, 97.78%) was significantly higher than in the Sham rTMS group (80%) (F = 11.15, P&lt;0.0001). Post-treatment, not only the Low but also the High rTMS group exhibited more significant reductions in HAMD-17 (Low, 21.05; High, 21.45) and CGI-I scores (Low, 3.44; High, 3.60) compared to the Sham rTMS group (HAMD-17, 16.05; CGI-I, 2.57) (two weeks: F = 7.889, P = 0.0006; four weeks: F = 15.900, P&lt;0.0001). Additionally, the two rTMS groups exhibited fewer erroneous responses and persistent errors in the WCST and completed more WCST categorizations than the Sham rTMS group. There was no significant difference in adverse reaction rates between the groups (F=4.421, P=0.0794).ConclusionsThe combination of fluoxetine with rTMS demonstrates enhanced therapeutic effectiveness in treating adolescent depression, effectively controlling disease progression, reducing depressive symptoms, and improving cognitive function, making it a valuable clinical approach.
Exploring relationships between social media use, online exposure to drug-related content, and youth substance use in real time: a pilot ecological momentary assessment study in a clinical sample of adolescents and young adults
Authors: Gansner Meredith , Horton Anna Katharine , Singh Rasika , Schuman-Olivier Zev 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionRising rates of adolescent overdose deaths attributed to counterfeit prescription drugs purchased using social media have drawn national attention to how these platforms might influence substance use. Research suggests a significant relationship exists between exposure to substance-related social media content and use of drugs and alcohol, but most studies are cross-sectional and limited by recall bias. This study used an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) protocol to collect longitudinal data on social media use and online drug-related exposures associated with youth substance use.MethodsParticipants, aged 12–23, receiving mental health treatment from a U.S. community-based hospital, joined a six-week, smartphone-based EMA protocol. Each day, participants completed a modified CRAFFT screen for daily substance use and a survey on substance-related online content exposure, and input data from their smartphone screen time reports. Analyses employed mixed effects logistic regression models to explore relationships between substance-related online exposures, substance and social media use.ResultsData was obtained from 25 youth, predominantly white non-Hispanic/Latinx (56.0%) and female (64.0%). Participants had significantly higher odds of substance use on days when exposed to substance-related digital content posted by peers (OR: 19.6). They were also more likely to report these exposures (OR: 7.7) and use substances (OR: 29.6) on days when Snapchat was one of their most frequently used smartphone applications.DiscussionOur results support existing concerns about specific social media platforms being potential mediators of youth substance use. Future EMA studies in larger cohorts should explore the role of social media platforms in substance procurement.
Accuracy and safety of freehand vs. end-on fluoroscopic guided drill-hole placement in canine cadaveric thoracic, lumbar and sacral vertebrae
Authors: Driver Colin J. , Nores Victor Alves , Thatcher Heidi , Navarro-Carrillo Maria , Rose Jeremy 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveTo develop and evaluate the safety and accuracy of an open, end-on fluoroscopic guided (EOFG) drill hole position technique in canine cadaveric spinal surgery, in comparison to a traditional free-hand (FH) drilling technique.Study designCadaveric comparison study.AnimalsCanine cadaveric vertebral columns (n = 4).MethodsComputed tomography (CT) scans were performed for in-silico planning. Ideal implant purchase depth and angulations were determined from previously published data. Plans for end-on fluoroscopic guided drill holes included angled reconstructions in thick slab mode to mimic fluoroscopic images. Following surgical preparation of T8 to S2, holes were drilled by one of two experienced surgeons randomized evenly by operated side, surgeon, and technique. C-arm fluoroscopy was utilized for the end-on technique. CT was repeated after the procedures. Safety was determined categorically using a modified Zdichavsky classification and “optimal” placement was compared between techniques. Continuous data for drill-hole accuracy was calculated as angle and depth deviations from the planned trajectories. Data sets were analyzed at both univariable and multivariable levels with logistic regression analysis.ResultsDrill hole safety was categorized as optimal (modified Zdichavsky classification 1) in 51/60 (85%) of drill holes using EOFG and 33/60 (55%) using FH (P &lt; 0.001) techniques. There were no “unsafe” holes (modified Zdichavsky classification 3a). Optimal drill hole placement was significantly associated with the EOFG technique and use of the largest cadaver, and was significantly less likely within the thoracic region. Mean angle and depth deviations were significantly lower with the EOFG technique. Angle deviations were significantly lower for EOFG in the lumbar region, whereas bone purchase deviations were significantly lower for EOFG in both the thoracic and lumbar regions. The mean time taken to drill the hole was significantly longer for the EOFG technique.ConclusionOptimal drill hole placement was significantly more likely with the EOFG technique and improved the accuracy of bone purchase in the thoracic region.Clinical significanceThe EOFG technique shows promise for translation into a clinically setting, potentially improving implant purchase and therefore stabilizing construct strength, whilst potentially reducing the likelihood of neurovascular injury and need for surgical revision.
Disentangling the Effects of Climate and Land Uses on Small Mammals in Agroecosystems of NE Spain
Authors: Torre Ignasi , Requejo Andrés , Arrizabalaga Antoni , Baucells Jordi 
Published: June 2024

We analyzed the two main drivers (climate and land uses) shaping the composition of small mammal communities at 16 localities situated in the confluence of the Mediterranean and Eurosiberian regions (Barcelona, Spain). The study area represents a land use and land cover gradient showing urbanization and crop intensification in the lowlands and forest encroachment in mountain areas. We identified 2458 small mammal individuals of 12 different species from barn owl (Tyto alba) pellets. Three open-land species (Microtus duodecimcostatus, Crocidura russula, and Mus spretus) and one forest/generalist species (Apodemus sylvaticus) were dominant in the diet, accounting for 93% of prey. In order to disentangle the effects of both main drivers on the small mammal community, we used partial constrained ordination techniques, which allowed us to determine the pure effects (and shared effects) of the environmental factors. Land use predictors explained 33.4% of the variance (mostly crops), followed by 23.4% of the variance explained by the geo-climatic variables (mostly rainfall), and an additional 24.8% of the variance was shared by both groups of predictors, totaling 81.6% of environmental variance. The remaining 18.4% of variance was unexplained by environmental matrices. This pattern was consistent with expected associations of species and biotic influences at small spatial scales and highlighted that the number of species increased from the crops in the lowlands towards the highlands covered by deciduous and coniferous forests.
USO DE ANESTÉSICOS EM FACECTOMIAS: UMA ANÁLISE DAS TÉCNICAS E RESULTADOS CLÍNICOS
Authors: Nascimento Luccas Fernandes , Gonçalves Bruno Marinho , Barbosa Leandro Barroso , Fiterman Raul Dias , Leite Ciro Melo , Barreto Laís Cardozo , Pereira Daniela Guido , Soares Francine Suely de Oliveira , Moura Humberto Wérneck Araújo , Bacco Luigi Alcântara , Dias Milena da Nóbrega , Bezerra Rebeca Alves , Damasceno Jullyanne Ester Silva 
Published: June 2024

A facectomia, também conhecida como cirurgia de catarata, é um procedimento oftalmológico amplamente realizado para remover o cristalino opaco do olho e substituí-lo por uma lente intraocular artificial. Portanto, a análise das diferentes técnicas anestésicas, como anestesia local, sedação consciente e anestesia geral, é fundamental para determinar a abordagem mais adequada e otimizar os resultados clínicos e a experiência do paciente. Objetivo: Investigar e comparar os diferentes métodos anestésicos utilizados durante a cirurgia de facectomia, analisando seus efeitos sobre a segurança, eficácia e recuperação dos pacientes. Metodologia: Foram utilizadas as bases de dados Cochrane, Scielo e Medline, buscando artigos publicados entre os anos de 2018 e 2024, nos idiomas Português ou Inglês. Considerações Finais: A anestesia local com sedação consciente é preferível devido à sua eficácia, segurança e recuperação rápida dos pacientes. Comparada à anestesia geral, a anestesia local apresentou menor incidência de complicações e dor pós-operatória, além de ser mais econômica. Pacientes submetidos a esta técnica relataram alta satisfação. Portanto, recomenda-se a anestesia local como abordagem padrão, exceto em casos específicos que exigem anestesia geral, visando otimizar os resultados clínicos e a experiência do paciente.