bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research advances in enhanced coal seam gas extraction by controllable shock wave fracturing
Authors: Fan Chaojun , Sun Hao , Li Sheng , Yang Lei , Xiao Bin , Yang Zhenhua , Luo Mingkun , Jiang Xiaofeng , Zhou Lijun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWith the continuous increase of mining in depth, the gas extraction faces the challenges of low permeability, great ground stress, high temperature and large gas pressure in coal seam. The controllable shock wave (CSW), as a new method for enhancing permeability of coal seam to improve gas extraction, features in the advantages of high efficiency, eco-friendly, and low cost. In order to better utilize the CSW into gas extraction in coal mine, the mechanism and feasibility of CSW enhanced extraction need to be studied. In this paper, the basic principles, the experimental tests, the mathematical models, and the on-site tests of CSW fracturing coal seams are reviewed, thereby its future research directions are provided. Based on the different media between electrodes, the CSW can be divided into three categories: hydraulic effect, wire explosion and excitation of energetic materials by detonating wire. During the process of propagation and attenuation of the high-energy shock wave in coal, the shock wave and bubble pulsation work together to produce an enhanced permeability effect on the coal seam. The stronger the strength of the CSW is, the more cracks created in the coal is, and the greater the length, width and area of the cracks being. The repeated shock on the coal seam is conducive to the formation of complex network fracture system as well as the reduction of coal seam strength, but excessive shock frequency will also damage the coal structure, resulting in the limited effect of the enhanced gas extraction. Under the influence of ground stress, the crack propagation in coal seam will be restrained. The difference of horizontal principal stress has a significant impact on the shape, propagation direction and connectivity of the CSW induced cracks. The permeability enhancement effect of CSW is affected by the breakage degree of coal seam. The shock wave is absorbed by the broken coal, which may hinder the propagation of CSW, resulting in a poor effect of permeability enhancement. When arranging two adjacent boreholes for CSW permeability enhancement test, the spacing of boreholes should not be too close, which may lead to negative pressure mutual pulling in the early stage of drainage. At present, the accurate method for effectively predicting the CSW permeability enhanced range should be further investigated.
The Introduction of Mandatory Corporate Sustainability Reporting in the EU and the Question of Enforcement
Authors: Pantazi Tania 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDirective (EU) 2022/2464 introduces mandatory sustainability reporting for all large undertakings in the European Union, as well as third-country undertakings active in the Union. The new rules were mandated by the increase in investor needs, as well as the interest of civil society actors. The present article discusses the relationship of corporate social responsibility with law and the shift from voluntary to mandatory sustainability reporting. It first presents the main novelties of the Directive with regard to scope of application, issuance of uniform European reporting standards and introduction of mandatory external assurance. It then turns to the question of public and private enforcement of the new sustainability reporting obligations. Public enforcement is, to a certain degree, guaranteed by the amendment of existing rules. The new Directive is silent on private enforcement issues, although it may trigger private litigation, predominantly by shareholders. Other interested groups, such as consumers and civil society actors, will not be able to directly challenge breaches of the new rules, despite the intention of the legislator to foster sustainability reporting and responsible corporate behaviour to the benefit of civil societies.
Unveiling Organic Electrode Materials in Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries: From Structural Design to Electrochemical Performance
Authors: Li Dujuan , Guo Yuxuan , Zhang Chenxing , Chen Xianhe , Zhang Weisheng , Mei Shilin , Yao Chang-Jiang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) are one of the most compelling alternatives of lithium-ion batteries due to their inherent safety and economics viability. In response to the growing demand for green and sustainable energy storage solutions, organic electrodes with the scalability from inexpensive starting materials and potential for biodegradation after use have become a prominent choice for AZIBs. Despite gratifying progresses of organic molecules with electrochemical performance in AZIBs, the research is still in infancy and hampered by certain issues due to the underlying complex electrochemistry. Strategies for designing organic electrode materials for AZIBs with high specific capacity and long cycling life are discussed in detail in this review. Specifically, we put emphasis on the unique electrochemistry of different redox-active structures to provide in-depth understanding of their working mechanisms. In addition, we highlight the importance of molecular size/dimension regarding their profound impact on electrochemical performances. Finally, challenges and perspectives are discussed from the developing point of view for future AZIBs. We hope to provide a valuable evaluation on organic electrode materials for AZIBs in our context and give inspiration for the rational design of high-performance AZIBs.
Measuring Virtue: An Aristotelian Perspective on Advancing Positive Psychology
Authors: McManus James , Medvedev Oleg N. , van Zyl Liezl , Weijers Dan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn philosophical discourse, flourishing is widely thought to require the development and exercise of virtues. Positive psychology, as the science of happiness and flourishing, should, therefore, include the scientific investigation of the virtues. However, the main classification of virtues and strengths, the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths (VIA-IS), faces major criticisms that, if not addressed, may undermine the credibility of positive psychology as a science. One such criticism is that virtue-based classifications lack a conceptual foundation; another is that these classifications may harm individuals by attaching potentially stigmatising labels to them. In this paper, we propose that positive psychologists can address these critiques by taking an interdisciplinary approach, which involves adopting a philosophically rich Aristotelian theory of virtue, and further developing this approach through empirical research. Adopting a philosophical theory will provide a strong conceptual base for psychologists, guiding the construction of measures and the formation of hypotheses about virtues. However, as many scholars acknowledge, it is difficult to measure all aspects of Aristotelian virtues, such as emotions, reasons, and attitudes. Another aim of this paper is, therefore, to suggest appropriate methods for measuring these aspects of Aristotelian virtues.
Mechanical characteristics of auxetic composite honeycomb sandwich structure under bending
Authors: Xu Hang Hang , Zhang Xue Gang , Han Dong , Jiang Wei , Zhang Yi , Luo Yu Ming , Ni Xi Hai , Teng Xing Chi , Xie Yi Min , Ren Xin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAuxetic honeycomb sandwich structures (AHS) composed of a single material generally exhibit comparatively lower energy absorption (EA) and platform stress, as compared to traditional non-auxetic sandwich structures (TNS). To address this limitation, the present study examines the use of aluminum foam (AF) as a filling material in the re-entrant honeycomb sandwich structure (RS). Filling the AHS with AF greatly enhances both the EA and platform stress in comparison to filling the TNS with AF, while the auxetic composite honeycomb sandwich structure effectively addresses interface delamination observed in traditional non-auxetic composite sandwich structures. Subsequently, the positive–negative Poisson’s ratio coupling designs are proposed to strengthen the mechanical features of a single honeycomb sandwich structure. The analysis results show that the coupling structure optimizes the mechanical properties by leveraging the high bearing capacity of the hexagonal honeycomb and the great interaction between the re-entrant honeycomb and the filling material. In contrast with traditional non-auxetic sandwich structures, the proposed auxetic composite honeycomb sandwich structures demonstrate superior EA and platform stress performance, suggesting their immense potential for utilization in protective engineering.
A deep learning approach for prediction of air quality index in smart city
Authors: Binbusayyis Adel , Khan Muhammad Attique , Ahmed A Mohamed Mustaq , Emmanuel W. R. Sam 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIndustrial developments and consumption of massive amount of fossil fuels, vehicle pollution, and other calamities upsurges the AQI (Air Quality Index) of major cities in a drastic manner. Owing to these factors, it is important to take proactive measures for reducing the air pollution in order to avoid life- threatening consequence. Therefore, prediction of air quality is significant for improving the health of living beings as highly polluted regions have a higher concentration of pollutants mixed in the air, affecting the respiratory system and reducing the lifetime. To control pollution, AQI is used as a measure for estimating the pollutant content in the air. Even though many existing techniques have predicted AQI, enhancement is required in prediction algorithms with minimized loss. To address the challenges in traditional algorithms, the proposed smart cities-based AQI prediction intends to utilize the proposed regression algorithm in the dataset, namely Air- Quality-Data, which collected harmful pollutants on an hourly and daily basis from multiple cities in India between 2015 to 2020. To achieve prediction efficiency with reduced loss, pre-processing of input data is being performed using Deep GAN (Generative Adversarial Network). It performs the imputation of data in place of missing values to improve accurate prediction. Additionally, feature scaling normalizes independent real-data features to a fixed scale. With the processed data, regression is done through modified Stacked Attention GRU with KL divergence, which predicts Ernakulam, Chennai and Ahmedabad cities with higher, medium, and low levels of AQI in India. The performance of the proposed regression algorithm is measured using metrics such as MAE (Mean Absolute Error), MSE (Mean Square Error), R2 (Coefficient of determination), MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error), and RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) and better MAE, MSE, R2, MAPE and RMSE obtained by the model is 0.1013, 0.0134, 0.9479, 0.1152 and 0.1156. Internal assessment and comparative analysis performed with existing regression algorithms exhibit lower loss values obtained from the present research, which determines the efficacy of the proposed model.
A Note on Rational Band Moves
Authors: Chen Daren , Hom Jennifer , Kim Min Hoon , Park JungHwan , Wu Zhongtao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe introduce an oriented rational band move, a generalization of an ordinary oriented band move, and show that if a knot K in the three-sphere can be made into the $$(n+1)$$

(
n
+
1
)

-component unlink by n oriented rational band moves, then K is rationally slice.
Parfitian or Buddhist reductionism? Revisiting a debate about personal identity
Authors: Hidalgo Javier 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDerek Parfit influentially defends reductionism about persons, the view that a person’s existence just consists in the existence of a brain and body and the occurrence of a series of physical and mental events. Yet some critics, particularly Mark Johnston, have raised powerful objections to Parfit’s reductionism. In this paper, I defend reductionism against Johnston. In particular, I defend a radical form of reductionism that Buddhist philosophers developed. Buddhist reductionism can justify key features of Parfit’s position, such as the claims that personal identity is not what matters and can also be indeterminate. Furthermore, Buddhist reductionism can avoid Johnston’s objections to Parfit’s reductionism. I conclude that reductionists have good reasons to favor Buddhist reductionism over Parfit’s version.
Current holistic admission review practices of U.S. doctor of physical therapy programs
Authors: Mazurek R. , Mathieson K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The social, cultural, and ethnic diversity of healthcare workers should match that of the U.S. population to improve health outcomes and decrease health disparities. The population’s diversity is increasing, though many health care professions lack diversity in their academic programs. The holistic admissions (HA) process considers an applicant’s unique experiences, achievements, and traits in addition to academic metrics when making admission decisions. HA has been shown to be an effective strategy to increase cohort diversity by considering the whole person instead of focusing on academic metrics.

Purpose
This study explored the extent to which U.S. Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) programs are implementing HA in their admissions process to diversify their admitted cohorts. The study further examined how programs defined diversity.

Methods
Using a cross-sectional, descriptive research design, 272 accredited DPT programs were invited to complete an online survey to collect data on admissions practices. Cross-tabulation was used to analyze coded responses. Inductive thematic analysis was used for open-ended responses.

Results
Thirty-five (71.4%) of the 52 respondents reported they were currently or were planning to use HA in their respective DPT program. Most respondents (88.6%) reported a positive experience, including an increase in student cohort diversity without a decrease in graduation rate. Four themes emerged as the definition of diversity: ethnicity (i.e., under-represented minorities), other demographics, life experiences, and challenges overcome.

Conclusion
Although this study represents a sample of DPT programs, the data show most programs using HA and have experienced increased diversity without a risk to academic performance.
A survey on students’ use of AI at a technical university
Authors: Balabdaoui Fadoua , Dittmann-Domenichini Nora , Grosse Henry , Schlienger Claudia , Kortemeyer Gerd 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe report the results of a 4800-respondent survey among students at a technical university regarding their usage of artificial intelligence tools, as well as their expectations and attitudes about these tools. We find that many students have come to differentiated and thoughtful views and decisions regarding the use of artificial intelligence. The majority of students wishes AI to be integrated into their studies, and several wish that the university would provide tools that are based on reliable, university-level materials. We find that acceptance of and attitudes about artificial intelligence vary across academic disciplines. We also find gender differences in the responses, which however are smaller the closer the student’s major is to informatics (computer science).
Reconstruction of nanoparticle size distribution in laser-shocked matter from small-angle X-ray scattering via neural networks
Authors: He Z. , Lütgert J. , Stevenson M. G. , Heuser B. , Ranjan D. , Qu C. , Kraus D. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) has been widely used as a microstructure characterization technology. In this work, a fully connected dense forward network is applied to inversely retrieve the mean particle size and particle distribution from SAXS data of samples dynamically compressed with high-power lasers and probed with X-ray free electron lasers. The trained network allows automatic acquisition of microstructure information, performing well in predictions on single-species nanoparticles on the theoretical model and in situ experimental data. We evaluate our network by comparing it with other methods, revealing its reliability and efficiency in dynamic experiments, which is of great value for in situ characterization of materials under high-power laser-driven dynamic compression.
Outbreak of postpartum group a Streptococcus infections on a labor and delivery unit
Authors: Haden Michael , Liscynesky Christina , Colburn Nora , Smyer Justin , Malcolm Kimberly , Gonsenhauser Iahn , Rood Kara M. , Schneider Patrick , Hardgrow Michele , Pancholi Preeti , Thomas Keelie , Cygnor Anita , Aluko Oluseun , Koch Elizabeth , Tucker Naomi , Mowery Jade , Brandt Eric , Cibulskas Katie , Mohr Marika , Nanduri Srinivas , Chochua Sopio , Day Shandra R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA healthcare-associated group A Streptococcus outbreak involving six patients, four healthcare workers, and one household contact occurred in the labor and delivery unit of an academic medical center. Isolates were highly related by whole genome sequencing. Infection prevention measures, healthcare worker screening, and chemoprophylaxis of those colonized halted further transmission.
Long Live Article 2(4) of the UN Charter? Four Ways to Save the Peaceful Rules-Based International Order after Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine
Authors: Polak Polly Ruth 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A centralized authority with a monopoly of force is fundamental to eradicate war between states. Unfortunately, due to the outdated power structure of the Security Council, it has once again proven incapable of reacting, this time, to Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. Given the unprecedented potential that Russia’s unlawful use of force has of restructuring the international scene, this piece considers it crucial to adapt our international peacekeeping institutions to counter the emergence of a new disorderly and war-prone status quo. Thus, four legally and politically viable ways in which the international community can effectively express its outrage, avoid permanent member impunity, and reassert the United Nations’ legitimacy and relevance are proposed.
Physiological and biochemical processes underlying the differential sucrose yield and biomass production in sugarcane varieties
Authors: Martins Tamires Da Silva , Magalhães Filho José R. , Cruz Larissa Prado , Machado Daniela F. S. P. , Erismann Norma M. , Gondim-Tomaz Rose M. A. , Marchiori Paulo E. R. , Silva André L. B. O. , Machado Eduardo Caruso , Ribeiro Rafael Vasconcelos 
Published: May 2024

Summary
Sucrose yield in sugarcane is a complex process regulated by both environmental and endogenous factors. However, the metabolic balance driving vegetative growth and sucrose accumulation remains poorly understood. Herein, we carried out a comprehensive assessment of carbohydrate dynamics throughout the crop cycle in two sugarcane varieties varying in biomass production, evaluating the carbon metabolism in both leaves and stalks. Our data revealed that the decline in photosynthetic rates during sugarcane maturation is associated not only to accumulation of sugars in leaves but also due to stomatal and non-stomatal limitations. We found that metabolic processes in leaves and stalks were intrinsically linked. While IACSP94-2094 had higher stalk sucrose concentration than IACSP95-5000, this latter produced more biomass. Compared to IACSP95-5000, IACSP94-2094 showed higher sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activity in leaves and stalks, along with lower soluble acid invertase (SAI) activity in leaves during the maximum growth stage. Interestingly, IACSP94-2094 also exhibited higher stalk SPS activity and lower stalk SAI activity than IACSP95-5000 during maturation. High biomass production by IACSP95-5000 was associated with higher sucrose synthase (SuSy) and SAI activity in leaves and higher SuSy and soluble neutral invertase (SNI) activity in stalks when compared to IACSP94-2094 during the maximum growth. Despite the contrasting strategies, both varieties displayed similar total sucrose yield, a balance between sucrose concentration and biomass production. This phenomenon implies the presence of a compensatory mechanism in sugarcane, with high biomass production compensating low sucrose accumulation and vice versa.
Degrowth, green growth, and climate justice for Africa
Authors: Okereke Chukwumerije 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe concept of degrowth aligns with the principles of Climate and Environmental Justice (CEJ) in significant aspects. Both frameworks underline the need for new global structures and social movements that promote ecological conservation, local economic regeneration, and social well-being that goes beyond material accumulation. Therefore, degrowth can reinforce the pursuit of transformative global climate justice. However, I contend that significant contradictions remain between degrowth and North–South climate justice. I argue that on both conceptual and policy grounds, a ‘strong version’ of the green economy provides a better foundation for seeking international climate justice for Africa than degrowth. I also contend that green growth is a more pragmatic and realistic approach to global climate justice because it is more sensitive to the norms, structures, and dynamics of global politics.
IS THERE A PLACE FOR CHOICE IN CRISIS RESPONSE?
Authors: Persad Govind 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn response to a crisis, policymakers face the decision of whether to enumerate specific actions the public must do or, instead, to aim at an overall outcome while leaving room open for choice. This essay evaluates the merits and demerits of crisis response that leaves room open for choice, with a particular focus on pandemic response. I evaluate two approaches: trades and offsets. Trades allow individuals or groups to exchange protection against harm or entitlement to engage in risky activity. Offsets allow the same actors to pay to mitigate the effects of decisions that increase risk for others. Choice-friendly approaches can free people to better align their actions with their values, harness local knowledge for better social outcomes, and act as natural experiments. However, they also are subject to objections, including negative externalities, agency problems, exploitation, and exacerbating inequality.
RIGHTS AND REVOLUTION: IS THERE A LIBERTY TO “GO IT ALONE”?
Authors: Sreenivasan Gopal 
Published: May 2024

AbstractJohn Locke affirms a right to revolt against tyranny, but he denies that a minority of citizens is at liberty to exercise it unless a majority of their fellow citizens concurs in their judgment that the government is a tyranny. In a recent article, Massimo Renzo takes an equivalent position, on which a revolutionary vanguard requires the consent of the domestic majority before being permitted to revolt. Against Locke and Renzo, I argue that a minority of citizens can have a liberty to revolt, whatever the domestic majority may hold. My argument concentrates on the moral force of majority rule, which turns out to presuppose the satisfaction of a number of background conditions. When any of these conditions fails to obtain, no domestic majority can justifiably block a minority’s liberty to revolt against tyranny. For the purposes of the theory of revolution, this minority has to be large enough to have a reasonable prospect of (military) success. Without that prospect, the minority will be anyhow forbidden to revolt, on grounds familiar from just war theory. However, for the purposes of the theory of political legitimacy, prospects of success are irrelevant. All that matters are the conditions under which any citizen is released from their ordinary duty not to overthrow the government.