bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of ZEB1 relates to metastasis and invasion in osteosarcoma
Authors: Shen Aidong , Zhang Yunqing , Yang Huiguang , Xu Ruisheng , Huang Guowei 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the expression of ZEB1 in osteosarcoma tissues and to discuss the relationship between ZEB1 expression and osteosarcoma metastasis.MethodsUsing RT‐PCR and Western blotting, the mRNA and protein expressions of ZEB1 in the osteosarcoma and normal bone tissues were detected. Using the RNA interference technique, the expression of ZEB1 in the human osteosarcoma MG‐63 cell line was downregulated, and the changes in the invasion of MG‐63 cells were examined.ResultsThe positive mRNA expression rate of ZEB1 in the osteosarcoma tissues was significantly higher than that in normal bone tissue (P < 0.05). The protein expression level of ZEB1 in the sarcoma tissues from patients with positive lung metastasis was significantly higher than that from patients without lung metastasis (P < 0.05). After the transfection of ZEB1 siRNA into the MG‐63 cells, the protein expression of ZEB1 was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), and the number of cells that passed through the Transwell chamber was significantly lower than that in the non‐transfected control group as well as the transfected control group (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe overexpression of ZEB1 in osteosarcoma may be related to the carcinogenesis and development as well as metastasis and invasion of osteosarcoma. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 105:830–834. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Expression patterns of endothelin‐1 and its receptors in colorectal cancer
Authors: Liakou Paraskevi , Tepetes Kostantinos , Germenis Anastasios , Leventaki Vasiliki , Atsaves Vassilis , Patsouris Efstratios , Roidis Nikolaos , Hatzitheophilou Konstantinos , Rassidakis George Z. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesEndothelin‐1 (ET‐1), a potent vasoconstricting peptide, plays an important role in carcinogenesis. Previous in vitro studies have shown that colorectal cancer cells produce ET‐1.MethodsET‐1 and its receptors ET‐A (ETAR) and ET‐B (ETBR) were analyzed in colorectal cancer cell lines and tumors by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Also, ET‐1 levels were measured by ELISA in blood samples collected before and after tumor resection.ResultsET‐1 was immunohistochemically expressed by tumor cells at a variable level in 39 cases tested. The adjacent normal mucosa was negative for ET‐1 expression. Strong ETAR expression observed in the deeper infiltrating areas at the periphery of neoplastic tissue correlated significantly with tumor stage. ETBR levels were very low or undetectable. Western blot analysis in paired (normal, tumor) fresh‐frozen samples of colorectal cancers and in four colon carcinoma cell lines confirmed these findings. In addition, lower levels of ET‐1 in the peripheral circulation after the tumor resection were found by ELISA as compared to those observed before surgery.ConclusionsET‐1 and ETAR, but not ETBR, are expressed at a higher level in primary and cultured colon carcinoma cells as compared to normal colon mucosa cells. Further functional studies are needed to explore the role of ET‐1/ETAR axis in colon carcinogenesis. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 105:643–649. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Routine prophylactic sentinel lymph node biopsy is not indicated in women undergoing prophylactic mastectomy
Authors: Czyszczon Irene Alina , Roland Lane , Sahoo Sunati 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackgroundProphylactic mastectomies (PM) are performed to reduce the risk of breast cancer. Occasionally an occult carcinoma is found in PM specimens. Given the high morbidity of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), some perform prophylactic sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). We undertook a study to examine if prophylactic SLNB is indicated in all patients undergoing PM.MethodsA retrospective review of all PM between 2004 and 2010 was performed. The stage of tumor on the disease side and the pathologic findings in the prophylactic breast were analyzed. The number of SLN and the frequency of lymph node metastases were evaluated.ResultsA total of 199 PM on 184 patients were performed: 169 contralateral PM and 30 bilateral PM. Of the 199 PM, 12 had occult carcinomas (6.0%): 10 non‐invasive, 1 microinvasive and 1 T1b invasive tumor. 153 of 199 PM specimens had prophylactic SLNB, of which only 2 had a positive SLN that originated from the index side of the breast.ConclusionsAlthough it is not uncommon to find occult carcinomas in the prophylactic breast, it is rare for the occult carcinoma to spread to the lymph nodes. Therefore, routine prophylactic SLNB is not indicated in patients undergoing PM. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 105:650–654. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition and mesenchymal–epithelial transition via regulation of ZEB‐1 and ZEB‐2 expression in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Kurahara Hiroshi , Takao Sonshin , Maemura Kosei , Mataki Yuko , Kuwahata Taisaku , Maeda Koki , Ding Qiang , Sakoda Masahiko , Iino Satoshi , Ishigami Sumiya , Ueno Shinichi , Shinchi Hiroyuki , Natsugoe Shoji 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectiesPhenotypic plasticity of cancer cells via epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal–epithelial transition (MET) is essential for tumor progression and metastasis.MethodsTissue samples were obtained from 76 pancreatic head cancers. We assessed the expression of E‐cadherin, vimentin, ZEB‐1, and ZEB‐2 by immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining. Next, 147 metastatic lymph nodes from 45 pancreatic cancers with low expression of E‐cadherin were obtained and divided into two categories according to the maximum diameter of the metastases: 2 mm or more and less than 2 mm.ResultsHigh expressions of ZEB‐1 and ZEB‐2 in the primary tumors were significantly associated with repression of E‐cadherin (P = 0.0007), and poorer prognosis (P = 0.0322). Forty‐three (29.3%) of the 147 metastatic tumors from pancreatic cancers with low expression of E‐cadherin showed high E‐cadherin expression. Cancer cells in the larger metastases showed high expression of E‐cadherin (P = 0.0061) and low expression of ZEB‐1 (P = 0.0170) and ZEB‐2 (P = 0.0036) compared with those in the smaller metastases.ConclusionsIn primary pancreatic tumors and metastatic lymph nodes, high and low expression of ZEB‐1 and ZEB‐2 was associated with mesenchymal and epithelial phenotype of cancer cells, respectively. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 105:655–661. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Composite biological reconstruction following total calcanectomy of primary calcaneal tumors
Authors: Li Jing , Wang Zhen , Guo Zheng , Yang Ming , Chen Guojing , Pei Guoxian 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackgroundAdvances in oncologic treatment modalities and wide resection have made limb salvage procedures in calcaneal malignancy or aggressive benign tumor increasingly possible. However, reconstructions of the calcaneus remain a major surgical challenge because of the rarity and specific anatomy of this condition.Methodswe retrospectively reviewed 4 patients who had primary calcaneal tumors and underwent total calcanectomy and reconstructions with use of composite of allograft and vascularized osteocutaneous fibular grafts between 2007 and 2010. The diagnoses included chondrosarcoma in 1, fibrosarcoma in 1, aggressive osteoblastoma in 1, and giant‐cell tumor in 1. Wide resection margins were achieved in all patients. The mean age at the time of the operation was 32.1 years. Patients were examined clinically and radiographically and were assessed functionally with Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score.ResultsThe median duration of follow‐up was 24.5 months. No local recurrence occurred in this series and all patients had no evidence of disease at the time of final follow‐up. Limb salvage was achieved in all patients. Revision surgery was necessary in two patients because of complications (skin flap necrosis and infection). The average MSTS 93 score and AOFAS score were 91.7% and 87.5 at the final follow‐up, respectively. All fibular flaps survived and bone unions achieved successfully. The overall mean time for bone union was 9.5 months. The mean time to full‐weight bearing was 7 months.ConclusionsVascularized fibular flaps in combination with massive allografts provide an excellent option for biological reconstruction after total calcanectomy in tumor situation and have proven to be a successful limb salvage procedure, which result in earlier patient recovery and return of function.Level of EvidenceTherapeutic Level IV. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 105:673–678. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinicopathological prognostic factors of superficial non‐small round cell soft tissue sarcomas
Authors: Tsukushi Satoshi , Nishida Yoshihiro , Shido Yoji , Wasa Junji , Ishiguro Naoki 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackgroundWe undertook this study to assess the therapeutic results of superficial soft tissue sarcomas as related to the presence of microscopic invasion, and to identify prognostic factors so as to optimize the therapeutic strategy.MethodsFrom 1995 to 2008, 105 patients who were treated surgically for superficial non‐small round cell soft tissue sarcoma were investigated with regard to clinical results and microscopic invasion, and the influence exerted on prognosis was analyzed. We analyzed overall, metastasis‐free, and local recurrence‐free survival rates and determined the difference in survivorship between with and without fascia invasion.ResultsThe 5‐year overall survival rate and 5‐year disease‐free survival rate were 95.3% and 81.8%. For overall survival, age (P < 0.05), grade (P < 0.05), tumor size (P < 0.05), and fascial invasion (P < 0.0001) were significant unfavorable prognostic factors, while for metastasis‐free survival, grade (P < 0.01) and fascial invasion (P < 0.001) were significant unfavorable prognostic factors. For local recurrence‐free survival, fascial invasion alone (P < 0.01) was a significant unfavorable prognostic factor.ConclusionsFascial invasion on pathological examination of resected specimens was identified as a significant unfavorable prognostic factor. Selecting the postoperative adjuvant therapy based on a detailed evaluation of any fascial invasion is an important part of the therapeutic strategy. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 105:668–672. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Analysis of glycoforms on the glycosylation site and the glycans in monoclonal antibody biopharmaceuticals
Authors: Uçaktürk Ebru 
Published: December 2011

AbstractTherapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), immunoglobulins, have been efficiently used in the treatment of many diseases, such as cancer, inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases, and organ transplantation. mAbs are glycoprotein molecules undergoing posttranslational modifications. Glycosylation is one of the posttranslational modifications. Different glycoforms that are important for maintaining the potency of mAb drugs show various biological activities. Therefore, the profile of the glycans and glycosylation sites should be determined to produce safe, good quality, consistent mAb drugs for human use. For this reason, simple, robust, accurate, and reproducible analytical methods need to be developed. In this article, chromatographic methods for the analysis of the glycoforms on the glycosylation site and the glycans in mAb biopharmaceuticals have been evaluated.
Self‐Healing Supramolecular Polymers In Action
Authors: van Gemert Gaby M. L. , Peeters Joris W. , Söntjens Serge H. M. , Janssen Henk M. , Bosman Anton W. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractSophisticated polymeric materials with “responsive” properties, such as self‐healing, are beginning to reach the market. Supramolecular polymers, i.e., polymers that owe their mechanical properties primarily to the reversible, non‐covalent interactions, such as hydrogen bonding interactions, between the macromolecules, have frequently been employed as self‐healing materials. The quadruple hydrogen bonding ureidopyrimidinone (UPy) unit is a particularly effective and versatile design motif, since it forms very strong but reversible linkages, and can be incorporated into virtually any type of polymer backbone, leading to materials with increased mechanical properties. Supramolecular polymers are presented, with an emphasis on those based on the UPy‐unit, and their use in self‐healing applications is highlighted and discussed.
Decreased expression of WWOX in the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Guo Wei , Wang Guiying , Dong Yuran , Guo Yanli , Kuang Gang , Dong Zhiming 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe WW domain‐containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) gene, located on chromosome 16q23.3–24.1 in the region recognized as the common fragile site FRA16D is considered to be a tumor suppressor gene involved in various carcinomas. The present study was to investigate the alterations of WWOX expression and its correlation with polymorphism, the level of WWOX loss of heterozygosity (LOH), and methylation status in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Immunohistochemistry and RT‐PCR methods were used, respectively, to examine the protein and mRNA expression of WWOX in ESCC tissues. PCR‐RFLP, PCR‐SSLP, and MSP approach were used, respectively, to detect polymorphisms of rs3764340, rs2548861, and rs1079635 site, the level of LOH, and WWOX methylation status. Family history of upper gastrointestinal cancer (UGIC) significantly increased the risk of developing ESCC. Protein and mRNA expression of WWOX was reduced in ESCC tumor tissues and was associated with LOH and hypermethylation of the gene. The G allele of rs3764340 significantly elevated the risk of developing ESCC and was associated with TNM stage. LOH at the WWOX loci was observed in 41.4% tumors. The hypermethylation of promoter and exon1 of WWOX was found to be occurred in dysplastic tissues and the methylation frequency of WWOX in ESCC tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in corresponding normal tissues and was associated with UGIC family history. In all, these results indicate that the WWOX gene may play an important role in the development of ESCC especially in individuals with UGIC family history. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Overexpression of small GTPases directly correlates with expression of δ‐catenin and their coexpression predicts a poor clinical outcome in nonsmall cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Jun‐Yi , Zhang Di , Wang En‐Hua 
Published: December 2011

Abstractδ‐catenin can affect cytoskeletal assembly, and promote cell migration by regulating the activity of small GTPases. While many malignancies have been shown to be positive for δ‐catenin, it is still unclear whether δ‐catenin and small GTPases are coexpressed in tumor cells, and so is the relationship between their coexpression and prognosis in the tumor patients. In this study, immunohistochemistry was performed to examine expressive levels of δ‐catenin, cdc42, and Rac1 in 135 cases of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including 60 cases with follow‐up records. Thirty samples of paired lung cancer tissues and adjacent normal lung tissues were collected to analyze mRNA and protein expression of δ‐catenin and small GTPases. The effects of δ‐catenin on small GTPases expression and invasive ability of lung cancer cells were also evaluated. Compared with normal lung tissues, both mRNA and protein levels of δ‐catenin and small GTPases were increased in lung cancer tissues (P < 0.05), and the expression of small GTPases directly correlated with that of δ‐catenin (P < 0.001). In addition, δ‐catenin and small GTPases tended to be coexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma, advanced stages, and primary tumors with lymph node metastasis (all P < 0.05). The patients with coexpression of δ‐catenin and small GTPases had a shorter survival time than those without coexpression (P < 0.05). Furthermore, δ‐catenin overexpression could enhance invasive ability of lung cancer cells by upregulating protein and transcriptional level of small GTPases. Therefore, δ‐catenin likely upregulates the activity of small GTPases at transcriptional level, and their coexpression may predict a poor clinical outcome in NSCLC patients. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An Advanced Group Contribution Method for High‐Dimensional, Sparse Data Sets
Authors: Lee Chang Jun , Lee Jong Min 
Published: December 2011

AbstractToday’s chemical processes involve many components, and it is necessary to know their basic physical properties for process design and operation. However, it is not always possible to find the property information of all components in the literature. Generally, there are two ways to evaluate properties of chemical compounds when they do not exist in the literature: the experimental measurement and predictive approaches based on empirical models. The latter is called the group contribution method (GCM), and its basic concept is that specific functional groups or fragments of a molecule contribute to the value of its physical property. The advantage of the GCMs is that they reduce the effort and cost compared to experiments. This study proposes a novel GCM method suitable for high‐dimensional, sparse data sets. In order to improve its applicability and accuracy, the database is extended and divided into non‐ring group compounds and ring group ones. Support vector regression (SVR) is adopted as the regression model, and a derivative‐free optimization approach, referred to as particle swarm optimization, is incorporated into the parameter optimization step in learning the SVM model to avoid local optimality. Performance of the proposed model is compared to those of other GCMs.
Evaluation of a MR‐quadrupole imaging coil for spinal interventions in a vertical 1.0 T MRI
Authors: Rump Jens C. , Streitparth Florian , Böning Georg , Seebauer Christian J. , Walter Thula , Güttler Felix , Hamm Bernd , Teichgräber Ulf K. M. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe in vivo pain treatment was successfully performed with the patient in a prone position. The PD‐weighted TSE with echo time = 10 ms rendered contrast‐to‐noise‐ratio values of 27 ± 10 for needle/fat, 1.6 ± 5 for needle/muscle, and 4 ± 4.7 for needle/nerve tissue. The mean diameter of the needle artifact was 1.2 ± 0.2 mm. In the T1‐weighted gradient echo, the needle's artifact diameter was 6 ± 2 mm; the needle's contrast‐to‐noise ratio relative to muscle tissue was 4 ± 2, 7.6 ± 1.5 for needle/fat, and 5 ± 1 for needle/nerve tissue. With the PD‐weighted TSE (echo time = 10 ms) and the T1‐weighted gradient echo, the needle was imaged reliably throughout the intervention. The butterfly surface coil is feasible for the guidance of spinal interventions in a prone patient. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Distortion correction in EPI at ultra‐high‐field MRI using PSF mapping with optimal combination of shift detection dimension
Authors: Oh Se‐Hong , Chung Jun‐Young , In Myung‐Ho , Zaitsev Maxim , Kim Young‐Bo , Speck Oliver , Cho Zang‐Hee 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDespite its wide use, echo‐planar imaging (EPI) suffers from geometric distortions due to off‐resonance effects, i.e., strong magnetic field inhomogeneity and susceptibility. This article reports a novel method for correcting the distortions observed in EPI acquired at ultra‐high‐field such as 7 T. Point spread function (PSF) mapping methods have been proposed for correcting the distortions in EPI. The PSF shift map can be derived either along the nondistorted or the distorted coordinates. Along the nondistorted coordinates more information about compressed areas is present but it is prone to PSF‐ghosting artifacts induced by large k‐space shift in PSF encoding direction. In contrast, shift maps along the distorted coordinates contain more information in stretched areas and are more robust against PSF‐ghosting. In ultra‐high‐field MRI, an EPI contains both compressed and stretched regions depending on the B0 field inhomogeneity and local susceptibility. In this study, we present a new geometric distortion correction scheme, which selectively applies the shift map with more information content. We propose a PSF‐ghost elimination method to generate an artifact‐free pixel shift map along nondistorted coordinates. The proposed method can correct the effects of the local magnetic field inhomogeneity induced by the susceptibility effects along with the PSF‐ghost artifact cancellation. We have experimentally demonstrated the advantages of the proposed method in EPI data acquisitions in phantom and human brain using 7‐T MRI. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Thermomechanical and electrical characterization of epoxy‐organoclay nanocomposites
Authors: Thelakkadan A.S. , Coletti G. , Guastavino F. , Fina A. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe effect of amount of clay content on the thermomechanical and electrical properties of epoxy/organoclay nanocomposites is investigated in the present research. An organoclay, cloisite 30B (C30B), was dispersed in the epoxy resin and was cured with an amine curing agent. The morphology of the nanocomposite examined by X‐ray diffraction shows exfoliation for nanocomposites with lesser clay content and intercalation for nanocomposites with higher clay content. The storage modulus (E′) of the nanocomposites increases monotonously with the increase in the amount of clay. The short time alternating current breakdown strength of the nanocomposites increases by the addition of C30B up to a certain clay content and then show a decrease. The space charge measured by pulsed electroacoustic method shows that the nanocomposite accumulate a very less amount of space charge and the charge decay in the nanocomposites are quicker than in the pure polymer. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2012. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Adipokines: A treasure trove for the discovery of biomarkers for metabolic disorders
Authors: Lehr Stefan , Hartwig Sonja , Sell Henrike 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAdipose tissue is a major endocrine organ, releasing signaling and mediator proteins, termed adipokines, via which adipose tissue communicates with other organs. Expansion of adipose tissue in obesity alters adipokine secretion which may contribute to the development of metabolic diseases. Consequently, this correlation has emphasized the importance to further characterize the adipocyte secretion profile, and several attempts have been made to characterize the complex nature of the adipose tissue secretome by utilizing diverse proteomic profiling approaches. Although the entirety of human adipokines is still incompletely characterized, to date more than 600 potentially secretory proteins were identified providing a rich source to identify putative novel biomarkers associated with metabolic diseases.