bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical impact of MUC1 and MUC4 expression in Barrett-associated oesophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Piessen G , Wacrenier A , Briez N , Triboulet J-P , Van Seuningen I , Mariette C 
Published: November 2009

Aims:To study the expression of MUC1 and MUC4 mucins in Barrett-associated oesophageal adenocarcinoma and coexisting lesions of the carcinogenic sequence (normal mucosa, metaplasia, dysplasia) if present, and to investigate their prognostic significance.Methods:The expression profiles of MUC1 and MUC4 were investigated by immunohistochemistry in tissue samples obtained from consecutive patients with primary surgically resected lower third oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OA) between 1997 and 2002. Histopathological parameters, recurrence and long-term survival were correlated with the number of cells stained.Results:All 52 patients exhibited OA, with 25 patients (48.1%) having associated Barrett oesophagus lesions (metaplasia or/and dysplasia). MUC1 and MUC4 were expressed in 52 and 41 of the 52 patients with adenocarcinoma (100% and 78%), respectively. All samples expressed MUC1 strongly. The prevalence of MUC4 staining was significantly decreased in metaplasia compared with normal mucosa (53% versus 92%, p<0.001). No correlation was found between the level of MUC1 or MUC4 expression in OA and histopathological variables, recurrence or survival.Conclusions:MUC1 and MUC4 are strongly expressed in OA. The results do not support a role for these two membrane-bound mucins as either a phenotypic or a prognostic marker for the development of Barrett OA. There are several other membrane-bound mucins that have not yet been evaluated in this situation.
New cut-off values for ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor for the assessment of iron deficiency in children in a high infection pressure area
Authors: Phiri K S , Calis J C J , Siyasiya A , Bates I , Brabin B , van Hensbroek M Boele 
Published: November 2009

Background:Due to the potential risk of iron supplementation in iron replete children, it is important to properly identify children who may require iron supplementation. However, assessment of the iron status has proven to be difficult, especially in children living in areas with high infection pressure (including malaria).Aims and Methods:Biochemical iron markers were compared to bone marrow iron findings in 381 Malawian children with severe anaemia.Results:Soluble transferrin receptor/log ferritin (TfR-F index), using a cut-off of 5.6, best predicted bone marrow iron stores deficiency (sensitivity 74%, specificity 73%, accuracy 73%). In order to improve the diagnostic accuracy of ferritin or sTfR as a stand-alone marker, the normal cut-off value needed to be increased by 810% and 83% respectively. Mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), using a cut-off of 32.1 g/dl, had a sensitivity of 67% and specificity of 64% for detecting iron stores deficiency.Conclusion:TfR-F index incorporated the high sensitivity of sTfR, a proxy for cellular iron need, and the high specificity of ferritin, a proxy for iron stores. In areas with a high infection pressure, the TfR-F index best predicted iron deficiency. However, in settings where diagnostic tests are limited, MCHC may be an acceptable alternative screening test.
Liver histopathology in the Yorkshire region: a network model
Authors: Reall G , Jones R L , Wyatt J I 
Published: November 2009

Aim:To investigate the volume and provision of local liver histopathology in the 11 hospitals of the Yorkshire region outside Leeds, as a potential model for a hepatopathology network.Methods:Postal questionnaire to all histopathologists in 11 hospital trusts in Yorkshire.Results:Liver biopsies represent about 0.5% histopathology requests in Yorkshire, with more medical than tumour biopsies. Pathologists often discuss these biopsies with each other and clinicians; a third had done liver continuing professional development (CPD) in the last 3 years, and 70% would like to do more. Overall, around 5% liver biopsies are reviewed in the hepatology centre, and most responders thought this about right.Conclusions:For primary reporting of liver biopsies, local pathologists need good communication with the responsible clinician, access to relevant CPD in liver pathology and a biopsy referral pathway for cases which are clinically or pathologically challenging.
Tardy posterior interosseous nerve palsy resulting from residual dislocation of the radial head in a Monteggia fracture: a case report
Authors: Cho Chul-Hyun , Lee Kyung-Jae , Min Byung-Woo 
Published: November 2009

Abstract

Introduction
We report an extremely rare case of tardy posterior interosseous nerve palsy that developed 40 years after unreduced anterior dislocation of the radial head in a Monteggia fracture.

Case presentation
A 46-year-old Asian woman was diagnosed with tardy posterior interosseous nerve palsy resulting from residual dislocation of the radial head in a Monteggia fracture. The patient remembered that she had sustained a fracture to the right elbow when she was 6 years old but could not remember the details of either the injury or its treatment. Intra-operatively, the posterior interosseous nerve was compressed at the radial head, wrapped around the medial side of the radial neck, and ran into the distorted supinator muscle, and was stretched. We therefore excised the radial head and performed neurolysis. The function of the right hand was normal at a follow-up examination 8 months after surgery.

Conclusion
We theorize that excessive repeated motion with loss of elasticity of surrounding tissues because of long-term dislocation of the radial head may cause delayed posterior interosseous nerve palsy. It is necessary to make an accurate diagnosis and render proper treatment when a Monteggia fracture occurs, making sure that the radial head does not remain dislocated, to avoid possible posterior interosseous nerve palsy due to excessive pronation and supination even several decades later.
Critical involvement of Rho GTPase activity in the efficient transplantation of neural stem cells into the injured spinal cord
Authors: Numano Fujiki , Inoue Akihiro , Enomoto Mitsuhiro , Shinomiya Kenichi , Okawa Atsushi , Okabe Shigeo 
Published: November 2009

Abstract

Background
Transplantation of neural stem/progenitor cells is a promising approach toward functional restoration of the damaged neural tissue, but the injured spinal cord has been shown to be an adverse environment for the survival, migration, and differentiation of the donor cells. To improve the efficiency of cell replacement therapy, cell autonomous factors in the donor cells should be optimized. In light of recent findings that Rho family GTPases regulate stem cell functions, genetic manipulation of Rho GTPases can potentially control phenotypes of transplanted cells. Therefore we expressed mutant forms of Rho GTPases, Rac, Rho, and Cdc42, in the neural stem/progenitor cells and examined their survival and migration after transplantation.

Results
Manipulation of the individual Rho GTPases showed differential effects on survival, with little variation in their migratory route and predominant differentiation into the oligodendroglial lineage. Combined suppression of both Rac and Rho activity had a prominent effect on promoting survival, consistent with its highly protective effect on drug-induced apoptosis in culture.

Conclusion
Manipulation of Rac and Rho activities fully rescued suppression of cell survival induced by the spinal cord injury. Our results indicate that precise regulation of cell autonomous factors within the donor cells can ameliorate the detrimental environment created by the injury.
Multiple photoreceptor systems control the swim pacemaker activity in box jellyfish
Authors: Garm A. , Mori S. 
Published: November 2009

SUMMARY
Like all other cnidarian medusae, box jellyfish propel themselves through the water by contracting their bell-shaped body in discrete swim pulses. These pulses are controlled by a swim pacemaker system situated in their sensory structures, the rhopalia. Each medusa has four rhopalia each with a similar set of six eyes of four morphologically different types. We have examined how each of the four eye types influences the swim pacemaker. Multiple photoreceptor systems, three of the four eye types, plus the rhopalial neuropil, affect the swim pacemaker. The lower lens eye inhibits the pacemaker when stimulated and provokes a strong increase in the pacemaker frequency upon light-off. The upper lens eye, the pit eyes and the rhopalial neuropil all have close to the opposite effect. When these responses are compared with all-eye stimulations it is seen that some advanced integration must take place.
The mechanical properties of red deer antler bone when used in fighting
Authors: Currey J. D. , Landete-Castillejos T. , Estevez J. , Ceacero F. , Olguin A. , Garcia A. , Gallego L. 
Published: November 2009

SUMMARY
We assessed the hydration state of antlers and its effect on antler mechanical properties compared with wet femur. Red deer antlers were removed from the head at various times, from a few days after velvet shedding till late in the season, and weighed weekly until after casting time. Antlers cut just after losing their velvet lost weight rapidly in the first few weeks, then settled down and changed weight very little, the latter changes correlating with air relative humidity. Antlers cut later showed little weight change at any time. The water content of cortical and trabecular parts of the contralateral antler was assessed after cutting. Most of the weight loss was from the cancellous, not the cortical, part of the antler. Wet and dry specimens from the antlers, and wet specimens from deer femora, were tested mechanically. Compared with wet bone, wet antler had a much lower modulus of elasticity and bending strength, but a higher work to fracture. Compared with wet bone, dry antler showed a somewhat lower Young's modulus, but a considerably higher bending strength and a much higher work to fracture. The impact energy absorption of dry antler was much greater than that of wet bone. In red deer, the antler is effectively dry during its use in fights, at least in southern Spain. In addition, dry antler, compared with ordinary bone, shows mechanical properties that suit it admirably for its fighting function.
Moths are not silent, but whisper ultrasonic courtship songs
Authors: Nakano R. , Takanashi T. , Fujii T. , Skals N. , Surlykke A. , Ishikawa Y. 
Published: November 2009

SUMMARYUltrasonic hearing is widespread among moths, but very few moth species have been reported to produce ultrasounds for sexual communication. In those that do, the signals are intense and thus well matched for long distance communication. By contrast, males of the Asian corn borer moth (Crambidae) were recently shown to whisper extremely low-intensity ultrasonic courtship songs close to females. Since low sound levels will prevent eavesdropping by predators, parasites and conspecific rivals, we predicted low intensity ultrasound communication to be widespread among moths. Here we tested 13 species of moths including members of the Noctuidae, Arctiidae, Geometridae and Crambidae. Males of nine species, 70%, produced broadband ultrasound close to females. Peak frequencies ranged from 38 to above 100 kHz. All sounds were of low intensity, 43-76 dB SPL at 1 cm [64±10 dB peSPL (mean ± s.d.), N=9 species]. These quiet and/or hyper-frequency ultrasounds are audible to nearby mates, but inaudible to unintended receivers. Although largely unknown because it is so inconspicuous, acoustic communication using low intensity ultrasound appears to be widespread among hearing moths. Thus, acoustic communication may be the norm rather than the exception.
The effects of water temperature on the energetic costs of juvenile and adult California sea lions (Zalophus californianus): the importance of skeletal muscle thermogenesis for thermal balance
Authors: Liwanag H. E. M. , Williams T. M. , Costa D. P. , Kanatous S. B. , Davis R. W. , Boyd I. L. 
Published: November 2009

SUMMARYAs highly mobile marine predators, many pinniped species routinely encounter a wide range of water temperatures during foraging and in association with seasonal, geographical and climatic changes. To determine how such variation in environmental temperature may impact energetic costs in otariids, we determined the thermal neutral zone of adult and juvenile California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) by measuring resting metabolic rate using open-flow respirometry. Five adult female (body mass range =82.2-107.2 kg) and four juvenile (body mass=26.2-36.5 kg) sea lions were examined over experimental water temperatures ranging from 0 to 20°C (adults) or 5 to 20°C (juveniles). The metabolic rate of adult sea lions averaged 6.4±0.64 ml O2 kg−1 min−1 when resting within the thermal neutral zone. The lower critical temperature of adults was 6.4±2.2°C, approximately 4°C lower than sea surface temperatures routinely encountered off coastal California. In comparison, juvenile sea lions did not demonstrate thermal neutrality within the range of water temperatures examined. Resting metabolic rate of the younger animals, 6.3±0.53 ml O2 kg−1 min−1, increased as water temperature approached 12°C, and suggested a potential thermal limitation in the wild. To determine whether muscle thermogenesis during activity could mitigate this limitation, we measured the active metabolic rate of juveniles swimming at water temperature (Twater)=5, 12 and 20°C. No significant difference (F=0.377, P=0.583) in swimming metabolic rate was found among water temperatures, suggesting that thermal disadvantages due to small body size in juvenile sea lions may be circumvented by recycling endogenous heat during locomotor activity.
Structural and proteomic analyses reveal regional brain differences during honeybee aging
Authors: Wolschin F. , Münch D. , Amdam G. V. 
Published: November 2009

SUMMARYAmong insects, learning is particularly well studied in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and the honeybee Apis mellifera. A senescence-dependent decline in classic pavlovian conditioning is demonstrated for both species. To understand how aging affects learning, genetic approaches used with Drosophila can benefit from complementary studies in Apis. Specifically, honeybees have a larger brain size allowing for compartment-specific approaches, and a unique life-history plasticity. They usually perform within-nest tasks early in life (nest bees) and later they collect food (foragers). Senescence of learning performance is a function of the bees' foraging duration but underlying causes are poorly understood. As cognitive aging is commonly associated with structural and biochemical changes in the brain, we hypothesized that brain areas implicated in learning change in synaptic and biochemical composition with increased foraging duration. First, we used synapse-specific immunohistochemistry and proteomics to screen for alterations in the calyx region of the mushroom body, a key structure for memory formation. Using proteomics, we next profiled the central brain, which comprises all higher-order integration centers. We show that, with increased foraging duration, levels of kinases, synaptic- and neuronal growth-related proteins decline in the central brain while the calyx region remains intact both in structure and biochemistry. We suggest that proteome-level changes within major anatomical sites of memory formation other than the calyx region could be central to learning dysfunction. These include large compartments of the central brain, such as the mushroom body's output regions and the antennal lobes. Our data provide novel information toward heterogeneity in the aging insect brain, and demonstrate advantages of the honeybee for invertebrate neurogerontological research.
A Comprehensive Neuropsychiatric Study of Elderly Twins: The Older Australian Twins Study
Authors: Sachdev Perminder S. , Lammel Andrea , Trollor Julian N. , Lee Teresa , Wright Margaret J. , Ames David , Wen Wei , Martin Nicholas G. , Brodaty Henry , Schofield Peter R. ,   OATS research team
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe Older Australian Twins Study (OATS) was recently initiated to investigate genetic and environmental factors and their associations and interactions in healthy brain ageing and ageing-related neurocognitive disorders. The study extends the classic MZ-DZ design to include one or two equivalently aged siblings for each twin pair and utilizes the rich resources of the Australian Twin Registry. The study has a number of distinguishing features including comprehensive psychiatric, neuropsychological, cardiovascular, metabolic, and neuroimaging assessments, a longitudinal design and links with a brain donor program. The study measures many behavioral and environmental factors, but in particular lifetime physical and mental activity, physical and psychological trauma, loss of parent early in life, later losses and life events, early-life socioeconomic environment, alcohol and drug use, occupational exposure, and nutrition. It also includes comprehensive cardiovascular assessment, blood biochemistry, genetics and proteomics. The socio-demographic and health data on the first 172 pairs of twins participating in this study are presented. Prevalence of mild cognitive impairment is 12.8% and of dementia 1.5% in the sample. The target sample size is 1000, with at least 400 pairs of twins aged 65–90 years. The cohort will be assessed every two years, with in-depth assessments being repeated. OATS offers an excellent opportunity for collaboration with other similar studies as well as researchers who share the same interests.
The Morphology of the Sella Turcica in Monozygotic Twins
Authors: Brock-Jacobsen Mette T. , Pallisgaard Carsten , Kjær Inger 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe purpose was to compare the sella turcica morphology of individuals within pairs of monozygotic twins with normal karyotype and to analyze the similarity between the observed morphology and the morphology of non-twins at the same age with normal karyotype. Profile radiographs from 84 individuals of 42 twin pairs (18 male and 24 female pairs, aged 18–23 years) comprised the material. Sella turcica measurements from non-twins aged 6–21 years were used as normal reference. Length, depth and diameter of the sella turcica were measured and controlled by re-measurements. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used for comparison of individuals within twin pairs. For comparison of twins and non-twins, normal standard values for length, depth and diameter were subtracted from the twin values. For the mean values of these differences, confidence limitspvalues andtvalues were calculated. The study showed that the size of the sella turcica may be partly similar and partly dissimilar within the pair of monozygotic twins. Statistical evaluation of the data showed correlations between length, depth and diameter of the sella turcica between the two twin individuals in the same twin pair. Differences in sizes are observed between individuals in the twin material and individuals in the non-twin material. As a conclusion, the twin males were more similar within the twin pair, but deviated more from the non-twin material than the females. Female twins had more discrepancy within the twin pair, but deviated less from the non-twin material than the males.
Direct sulfenylation of acetone with benzothiazolesulfenamides to benzothiazolylthio-substituted alkylaminopropene: synthesis and application
Authors: Štolcová Magdaléna , Kaszonyi Alexander , Hronec Milan , Liptaj Tibor , Kyselá Gabriela 
Published: November 2009

AbstractN-Substituted derivatives of 2-benzothiazolesulfenamides give high yields of 1-(2′-benzothiazolylthio)-2-alkylaminoprop-1-ene and 1,1-bis-(2′-benzothiazolylthio)-2-alkylaminoprop-1-ene in a reaction with acetone in the temperature range from 56°C to 70°C and in the presence of a small amount of water. The α-sulfenylated carbonyl product, 2′-benzothiazolylthiopropan-2-one, is supposed to be an intermediate of this one-pot synthesis. 1,1-Bis-(2′-benzothiazolylthio)-2-tert-butylaminoprop-1-ene has been proved an accelerator of sulfur curing of rubber composites with high processing safety.
Numerical properties of equations involving high-order derivatives of pressure with respect to volume
Authors: Leibovici Claude , Nichita Dan 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis paper presents some unexpected features related to the solution of equations containing a high-order derivative of pressure with respect to volume equated to zero. For pure components, such equations define, in the pressure-temperature plane, nodal curves similar in shape to mixture spinodal curves. The analysis was made for a general form of two-parameter cubic equations of state and various numerical aspects for the Redlich-Kwong equation of state are exemplified.
Synthesis, structure, and solvent-extraction properties of tridentate oxime ligands and their cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II), zinc(II) complexes
Authors: Dede Bülent , Karipcin Fatma , Arabalı Filiz , Cengiz Mustafa 
Published: November 2009

AbstractSynthesis of four different types of ligands Ar[COC(NOH)R]n (Ar = biphenyl, n = 1, HL1; Ar = biphenyl, n = 2, H2L2; Ar = diphenylmethane, n = 1, HL3; Ar = diphenylmethane, n = 2, H2L4; R = furfurylamine in all ligands) and their dinuclear Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ complexes is reported herein. These compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, ICP-OES, FT-IR spectra, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The ligands were further characterized by 1H NMR. The results suggest that dinuclear complexes of HL1 and HL3 have a metal to ligand mole ratio of 2: 2 and dinuclear complexes H2L2 and H2L4 have a metal to ligand mole ratio of 2: 1. Square pyramidal or octahedral structures are proposed for complexes of oxime ligands. Furthermore, extraction abilities of the four ligands were also evaluated in chloroform using selected transition metal picrates such as Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, Pb2+. The ligands show strong binding ability towards Hg2+ and Cu2+ ions.
1,7′-dimethyl-2′-propyl-1H,3′H-2,5′-bibenzo[d]imidazole as a corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in 1 M HCl
Authors: Patel Niketan , Jauhari Smita , Mehta Girishkumar 
Published: November 2009

AbstractInhibition effect of imidazole derivative 1,7′-dimethyl-2′-propyl-1H,3′H-2,5′-bibenzo[d]imidazole (DPBI) against mild steel corrosion in 1 M HCl solutions was evaluated using the conventional mass loss method, potentiodynamic polarization, linear polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The mass loss results showed that DPBI is an excellent corrosion inhibitor; electrochemical polarizations data revealed the mixed mode of inhibition; and the results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that the change in the impedance parameters, charge transfer resistance, and double layer capacitance with the change in the concentration of the inhibitor is due to the adsorption of the molecule leading to the formation of a protective layer on the surface of mild steel. The inhibition action of this compound was assumed to occur via adsorption on the steel surface through the active centers of the molecule.