bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity and specificity of newly generated monoclonal antibodies to detect novel antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis for the diagnosis of all forms of tuberculosis
Authors: Gupta Anil Kumar , Singh Amit , Srivastava Saumya , Shrivas Arti , Malhotra Anvita Gupta , Sharma Pawan , Singh Sarman 
Published: May 2024

Objectives:
Tuberculosis (TB) is curable if diagnosed correctly and promptly. However, the lack of effective and accessible point-of-care tests hindered the systematic screening of TB. The current TB diagnostic methods, including molecular tests, have failed to deliver the capacity needed in the endemic countries to restrict the ongoing pandemic. The detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by serology offers several advantages, including rapid and low-cost disease detection. Earlier, we had evaluated the diagnostic utility of five novel recombinant antigens, namely, SS-1, SS-2, SS-3, SS-4, and SS-5, with Indian patient sera. However, antibody detection has some limitations, and therefore, in the present study, we aimed to generate monoclonal antibodies and explore the utility of the most promising antibodies for the detection of TB.

Materials and Methods:
We used the three best recombinant antigens, that is, Rv2145c (SS-1), Rv1827 (SS-4), and Rv2970c (SS-5) for the generation of monoclonal antibodies. The monoclonal antibodies were developed using hybridoma technology. Further, the diagnostic utility of these monoclonal antibodies was evaluated in diagnosis of TB by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum samples from bacteriologically confirmed TB cases and controls were used.

Statistical Analysis:
All statistical analysis was carried out using STATA-11.1 software (StataCorp LP, Texas, USA). The sensitivity and specificity were computed using an online tool (OpenEpi). Statistically significant differences between groups were defined as p<0.05.

Results:
A total of 384 serum samples were included in the study. This included 144 pulmonary TB cases, 68 extrapulmonary TB cases, 50 disease controls and 125 healthy controls. The sensitivity and specificity of our three monoclonal antibodies (mAb_SS-1, mAb_SS-4, and mAb_SS-5) for detecting all forms of TB ranged from 86.49% to 97.44% and 96.57% to 98.29%, respectively. The receiver operative characteristic curve showed a significant statistical difference between TB and healthy subjects (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Our data suggested that mAb_SS-1, mAb_SS-4, and mAb_SS-5 could be used as potential TB screening tests, especially in the resource-limiting setting.
Kebijakan Dividen dan Pertumbuhan Laba Berpengaruh Terhadap Harga Saham Perusahaan LQ45
Authors: Margie Lyandra Aisyah , Habibah Habibah , Afridayani Afridayani 
Published: May 2024

Abstrak - Saat ini pasar modal di Indonesia berkembang pesat. Dalam suatu perusahaan yang go public, nilai suatu perusahaan tercermin dari harga sahamnya yang diperdagangkan di bursa. Kondisi permintaan atau penawaran saham yang berfluktuasi setiap harinya akan membawa pola harga saham yang berfluktuasi pula. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dan menggunakan metode asosiatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kebijakan dividen dan pertumbuhan penjualan terhadap harga saham. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengambil data sekunder laporan tahunan dari perusahaan indeks LQ45 dan di unduh melalui website www.idx.co.id. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan indeks LQ45 yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) dari tahun 2017 sampai tahun 2021. Perusahaan yang menjadi sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan yang dipilih berdasarkan metode purposive sampling dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan sampel yang representatives sesuai dengan kriteria yang ditentukan. Berdasarkan metode purposive sampling diperoleh sampel sebanyak 11 perusahaan. Analisis regresi data panel dengan bantuan software E-views 9 digunakan sebagai metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan dividen dan pertumbuhan penjualan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap harga saham baik secara simultan maupun parsial. Kata Kunci: Harga Saham, Kebijakan Dividen, Pertumbuhan Penjualan Abstract - Currently, the capital market in Indonesia is developing rapidly. In a company that goes public, the value of a company is reflected in the price of its shares traded on the stock exchange. Conditions of demand or supply of shares that fluctuate every day will bring about fluctuating share price patterns as well. This research is a type of quantitative research and uses associative methods. This research aims to determine the effect of dividend policy and sales growth on stock prices. This research was carried out by taking secondary data from annual reports from LQ45 index companies and downloading them via the website www.idx.co.id. The population in this study are LQ45 index companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) from 2017 to 2021. The companies sampled in this study are companies selected based on the purposive sampling method with the aim of obtaining representative samples according to the criteria specified. determined. Based on the purposive sampling method, a sample of 11 companies was obtained. Panel data regression analysis with the help of E-views 9 software was used as a research method in this study. The results of this research show that dividend policy and sales growth have a significant effect on share prices, both simultaneously and partially. Keywords: Stock Prices, Dividend Policy, Sales Growth
Reconstructing Paul Tillich's Ethics of Grace
Authors: Thomas Taylor 
Published: May 2024

[Figure: see text] This paper reconstructs Tillichian grace, analyzing its existential and ethical dimensions beyond traditional supernatural interpretations. It explores the historical lineage of Tillich's work, drawing parallels between ancient and medieval discourses on grace and Tillich's existential theology, with a particular emphasis on the theme of existential estrangement and its implications for moral development. In section one, I analyze Augustine's critique of Greek and Roman ethics, noting how his interpretations of sin and grace sought to address ethical, and not merely narrowly Christian theological, concerns. The paper then examines Martin Luther's shift towards a more personal apprehension of grace, setting the stage for Tillich's complex and nuanced understanding of justification. The strengths and ambiguities of Tillich's approach, along with its practical implications, are then critically evaluated. In conclusion, I advocate for the relevance of Tillich's conception of grace in modern secular ethical discourse, arguing that its emphasis on ethical intersubjectivity and the courage to embrace existential uncertainties provides a compassionate framework for addressing moral questions in our own time.
God as both Hierarchical and Egalitarian: A Kierkegaardian Proposal Based on Philosophical Fragments
Authors: Woo Jaeha 
Published: May 2024

[Figure: see text] After highlighting Søren Kierkegaard's emphasis on the absolute difference between God and humans, this article presents his explanation of why we can readily embrace our inferior position to God, which appeals to his understanding of love as involving the desire to be the guilty party. But this argument can be turned around to make a case that God would desire to be the guilty party in relation to us. This fits well with the story of God's love in Kierkegaard's pseudonymous writing Philosophical Fragments, in which divine incarnation is interpreted as God's descent in history to establish equality with humans. After arguing that such a kenotic Christology is not incompatible with the absolute God-human difference because it accentuates the fact that only God can cross the divide, the author points out its similarity with Marilyn Adams’ view that God became the curse in Jesus to cancel out the power of the curse of sin. He finishes by dealing with the worry that, despite divine descent, some humans may be unable to stand boldly confident before God because of their memory of what their sinfulness has caused. One way to alleviate this worry is to adopt the Irenaean affirmation of God's ultimate responsibility, and the author claims that this would complete Kierkegaard's Philosophical Fragments by adding an interpretation of the crucifixion in line with its story of divine descent.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Tepung Pisang dan Olahannya Dalam Upaya Pemanfaatan dan Peningkatan Nilai Ekonomi Pangan Lokal Papua
Authors: Purnamasari Vita , Budi I Made 
Published: May 2024

Bananas are a fruit commodity that produces the most in Jayapura Regency. Processing bananas into flour is one way to increase the selling value of banana commodities and increase their utilization into banana derivative products. The aim of the training is to utilize local Papuan food, namely bananas, to increase the economic value of local Papuan food. The training activities provide knowledge and insight to the public regarding banana derivative products, namely flour and preparations made from banana flour to increase economic independence. Local Papuan bananas, such as gray bananas, have the potential to be made into flour and their preparations using simple technology available in the community so that they have the potential to be developed to increase the economic value of local Papuan food.Â Keyword: banana flour; Papuan local varieties of bananas; processed banana flour; local food.
The Effectiveness of Inpatient Rehabilitation in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review of Recent Studies
Authors: Steendam-Oldekamp Elien , van Laar Teus 
Published: May 2024

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive disease, which is associated with the loss of activities of daily living independency. Several rehabilitation options have been studied during the last years, to improve mobility and independency. Objective: This systematic review will focus on inpatient multidisciplinary rehabilitation (MR) in people with Parkinson’s disease (PwPD), based on recent studies from 2020 onwards. Methods: Search strategy in three databases included: multidisciplinary rehabilitation, Parkinson’s Disease, inpatient rehabilitation, motor-, functional- and cognitive performance, cost-effectiveness, Quality of Life, and medication changes/Levodopa equivalent daily doses. Results: Twenty-two studies were included, consisting of 13 studies dealing with inpatient MR and 9 studies on inpatient non-MR interventions. Inpatient PD multidisciplinary rehabilitation proved to be effective, as well as non-MR rehabilitation. Conclusions: This review confirms the efficacy of inpatient MR and non-MR in PD, but is skeptical about the past and current study designs. New study designs, including new physical training methods, more attention to medication and costs, new biomarkers, artificial intelligence, and the use of wearables, will hopefully change rehabilitation trials in PwPD in the future.
Evaluation of Ambient Air Quality Levels at Various Locations within Lead City University, Ibadan
Authors: Olanrewaju John, Adedayo , Gbemisola Atiwaye Tomike , Motunrayo Adekunle Oluwatoyin 
Published: May 2024

Universities are big metropolitan institutions with sizable populations of students, employees, and visitors. However, university settings can contribute to air pollution, with diverse activities such as lab work, cooking in dorms, and vehicle traffic, among others, causing interior and ambient air pollution. It is impossible to overestimate how much air pollution affects the health and happiness of students. Based on this, evaluation of ambient air quality (i.e., temperature, relative humidity (RH), CO2, and particulate matter (PM2.5)) at various locations within Lead City University, Ibadan, is essential.

Ambient concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), relative humidity (RH), temperature (TEMP), and particulate matter (PM) were recorded from 15 locations across Lead City University over a two-week period. Morning temperatures in all the locations measured ranged from 23.7°C to 29.2°C, while afternoon temperatures fluctuated more significantly, with the lowest recorded at 27.2°C and the highest at a notably warmer 35.8°C in all the locations measured. The morning RH levels ranged from 63.8% to 74.7%, while afternoon RH values ranged from 58.2% to 63.4%. The findings also show that afternoon CO2 levels range from 468.5 ppm to 971.6 ppm, with Location 13 having an unusually high average. Morning CO levels ranged from 4.1 µg/m³ to 49 µg/m³, with location 13 showing an outlier at 184.2 µg/m³. CO2 and CO levels are mostly within acceptable ranges.

Conclusively, variability in these parameters has implications for human health; therefore, adequate ventilation and pollution control measures are thereby recommended for the university management in order to improve indoor air quality.
أثر وحدات تعليمية وفق انموذج دينز في التفكير التفاعلي وتعلم فعالية القفز بالزانة للطلاب
Authors: Lec. Haider Abbas Abdel Amir  
Published: May 2024

يهدف البحث إلى التعرف على أثر الوحدات التعليمية بأنموذج دينز في التفكير التفاعلي وتعلم فعالية القفز بالزانة وأيضا التعرف على المتغيرين التفكير التفاعلي والأداء الفني لفعالية القفز بالزانة لدى طلاب كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة – جامعة ديالى للعام الدراسي 2022 -2023حيث افترض الباحث ان هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين الاختبار القبلي والاختبار البعدي للمجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة ولصالح الاختبار البعدي في تعلم فعالية القفز بالزانة للطلاب. واستخدم الباحث المنهج التجريبي لملائمتها لطبيعة المشكلة وتم تحديد مجتمع البحث طلاب المرحلة الثانية كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة – جامعة ديالى وهم يمثلون مجتمع وعينة البحث الكلية (116) طالب ، عينة البحث الاستطلاعية (16) عينة البحث التجريبية( 30) حيث تم اختيارهم بالطريقة العشوائية واستخدم الباحث في البحث مقياس التفكير التفاعلي وتم اعداد وحدات تعليمية وفقا لأنموذج دينز وأيضا استخدم الباحث استمارة خاصة لتقويم الأداء الفني لفعالية القفز بالزانة واستخدم الباحث المعالجة الاحصائية والوسائل الاحصائية المستخدمة هي (النسبة المئوية والوسط الحسابي والانحراف المعياري ومعامل الارتباط بيرسون عن طرق الحقيبة الإحصائية spss وباقي الوسائل الإحصائية الأخرى ) واستنتج الباحث ان لأنموذج دينز الأثر الايجابي في تفوق ورفع مستوى طلاب المجموعة التجريبية في التفكير التفاعلي وتعلم فعالية القفز بالزانة.
بناء بطارية اختباراًت القدرات البدنية لأكاديميات كرة القدم بأعمار (12-13) سنة في كرميان
Authors: Prof. Dr. Majeed Khada Yakhsh Asad  , Asst. Prof. Dr. Haider Bawah Khan Ahmad  , Asst. Prof. Dr. Hussein Shafiq Hussein  
Published: May 2024

هدف البحث الى: بناء بطارية اختبار لقياس القدرات البدنية للاعبي أكاديميات كرة القدم بأعمار (12-13) سنة في كرميان من خلال، تحديد المهارات القدرات البدنية للاعبي بأكاديميات كرة القدم بأعمار (12-13) سنة في كرميان، التوصل للبناء العاملي البسيط لبعض القدرات البدنية للاعبي بأكاديميات كرة القدم بأعمار (12-13) سنة في كرميان، استخلاص بطارية اختبار لبعض القدرات البدنية للاعبي بأكاديميات كرة القدم بأعمار (12-13) سنة في كرميان، ايجاد الدرجات المعيارية للبطارية المستخلصة لبعض القدرات البدنية للاعبي بأكاديميات كرة القدم بأعمار (12-13) سنة في كرميان، وأستخدم الباحثون المنهج الوصفي بالأسلوب الدراسات الارتباطية والمعدلات المعيارية لملائمته لطبيعة البحث، وتكونت عينة البحث من (172) لاعباً يمثلون (7) من الاندية والمدارس والأكاديمية الكروية في ادراة كرميان ،وتم اعتماد الطريقة العشوائية كأساس لاختيارهم ،ثم تم التعرف على القدرات البدنية الاساسية في كرة القدم للناشئين وتم اعتماد (22) اختباراً بدنياً. ولتحقيق أهداف البحث تم استخدام الوسائل الاحصائية المناسبة وبعد إجراء التحليل العاملي للمتغيرات القدرات البدنية خلص التحليل إلى ( 22 ) عوامل تم قبول ( 5 ) منها على ضوء الشروط الموضوعة لقبول العامل.
Optimization of genetic distance threshold for inferring the CRF01_AE molecular network based on next-generation sequencing
Authors: Hu Lijuan , Zhao Bin , Liu Mingchen , Gao Yang , Ding Haibo , Hu Qinghai , An Minghui , Shang Hong , Han Xiaoxu 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionHIV molecular network based on genetic distance (GD) has been extensively utilized. However, the GD threshold for the non-B subtype differs from that of subtype B. This study aimed to optimize the GD threshold for inferring the CRF01_AE molecular network.MethodsNext-generation sequencing data of partial CRF01_AE pol sequences were obtained for 59 samples from 12 transmission pairs enrolled from a high-risk cohort during 2009 and 2014. The paired GD was calculated using the Tamura-Nei 93 model to infer a GD threshold range for HIV molecular networks.Results2,019 CRF01_AE pol sequences and information on recent HIV infection (RHI) from newly diagnosed individuals in Shenyang from 2016 to 2019 were collected to construct molecular networks to assess the ability of the inferred GD thresholds to predict recent transmission events. When HIV transmission occurs within a span of 1-4 years, the mean paired GD between the sequences of the donor and recipient within the same transmission pair were as follow: 0.008, 0.011, 0.013, and 0.023 substitutions/site. Using these four GD thresholds, it was found that 98.9%, 96.0%, 88.2%, and 40.4% of all randomly paired GD values from 12 transmission pairs were correctly identified as originating from the same transmission pairs. In the real world, as the GD threshold increased from 0.001 to 0.02 substitutions/site, the proportion of RHI within the molecular network gradually increased from 16.6% to 92.3%. Meanwhile, the proportion of links with RHI gradually decreased from 87.0% to 48.2%. The two curves intersected at a GD of 0.008 substitutions/site.DiscussionA suitable range of GD thresholds, 0.008-0.013 substitutions/site, was identified to infer the CRF01_AE molecular transmission network and identify HIV transmission events that occurred within the past three years. This finding provides valuable data for selecting an appropriate GD thresholds in constructing molecular networks for non-B subtypes.
Comparative analysis of near-surface and surface urban heat islands in the Yangtze River Delta region
Authors: Shi Xiao , Sun Ming , Luo Xiaochun 
Published: May 2024

Compared with surface temperature, the near-surface temperature is more related with human health. However, extensive researches have been conducted on the UHI effect globally using surface temperature considering its accessibility. In this study, a comparative analysis of near-surface and surface urban heat islands in the Yangtze River Delta Region is investigated. This study first proposed a spatialization method suitable for air temperature in highly urbanized areas with complex land cover. Based on this method, a dataset of 1-km gridded air temperature is developed, and an in-depth analysis of the changes of near-surface and surface heat island is further carried out. Results show that both the near-surface urban heat island intensity (NSUHII) and surface urban heat island intensity (SUHII) are rather strong over the past 20 years, presenting similar spatial distributions as well. However, in the rapidly expanding urban areas especially during summer and winter seasons, the difference in magnitude and time variations (R) between NSUHII and SUHII are pronounced. Hence, adaptions and mitigation strategies on NSUHI and SUHI should be developed and implemented separately in such occasions, which is especially important for developed areas such as Yangtze River Delta Region.
A helping HAND: therapeutic potential of MAGL inhibition against HIV-1-associated neuroinflammation
Authors: League Alexis F. , Yadav-Samudrala Barkha J. , Kolagani Ramya , Cline Calista A. , Jacobs Ian R. , Manke Jonathan , Niphakis Micah J. , Cravatt Benjamin F. , Lichtman Aron H. , Ignatowska-Jankowska Bogna M. , Fitting Sylvia 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affects nearly 40 million people globally, with roughly 80% of all people living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy. Antiretroviral treatment suppresses viral load in peripheral tissues but does not effectively penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Thus, viral reservoirs persist in the central nervous system and continue to produce low levels of inflammatory factors and early viral proteins, including the transactivator of transcription (Tat). HIV Tat is known to contribute to chronic neuroinflammation and synaptodendritic damage, which is associated with the development of cognitive, motor, and/or mood problems, collectively known as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Cannabinoid anti-inflammatory effects are well documented, but therapeutic utility of cannabis remains limited due to its psychotropic effects, including alterations within brain regions encoding reward processing and motivation, such as the nucleus accumbens. Alternatively, inhibiting monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) has demonstrated therapeutic potential through interactions with the endocannabinoid system.MethodsThe present study utilized a reward-related operant behavioral task to quantify motivated behavior in female Tat transgenic mice treated with vehicle or MAGL inhibitor MJN110 (1 mg/kg). Brain tissue was collected to assess dendritic injury and neuroinflammatory profiles, including dendritic microtubule-associated protein (MAP2ab) intensity, microglia density, microglia morphology, astrocyte density, astrocytic interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) colocalization, and various lipid mediators.ResultsNo significant behavioral differences were observed; however, MJN110 protected against Tat-induced dendritic injury by significantly upregulating MAP2ab intensity in the nucleus accumbens and in the infralimbic cortex of Tat(+) mice. No or only minor effects were noted for Iba-1+ microglia density and/or microglia morphology. Further, Tat increased GFAP+ astrocyte density in the infralimbic cortex and GFAP+ astrocytic IL-1ß colocalization in the nucleus accumbens, with MJN110 significantly reducing these measures in Tat(+) subjects. Lastly, selected HETE-related inflammatory lipid mediators in the striatum were downregulated by chronic MJN110 treatment.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties of MJN110 without cannabimimetic behavioral effects and suggest a promising alternative to cannabis for managing neuroinflammation.