bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance analysis of a Radio over Fiber system based on IEEE 802.15.4 standard in a real optical network
Authors: Cerqueira Sodré Arismar , e Silva D. C. Valente , Fortes M. A. Q. R. , da Silva L. F. , Branquinho O. C. , Abbade M. L. F. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractWe report on an implementation of a Radio over Fiber system based on IEEE 802.15.4 standard in a geographically distributed optical network. The system performance was analyzed under real conditions of temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind. Experimental results show no signal degradation and indicate frame error rates two orders of magnitude below the typical levels of wireless sensor networks, for distances up to 160 km. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1876–1879, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24497
Implementation of a quadrature hybrid for miniature mixer application
Authors: Lai Yu‐Ann , Su Chun‐Chi , Hou Jian‐An , Lin Chih‐Ming , Wang Yeong‐Her 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA quadrature hybrid using high‐pass and low‐pass lumped elements without via‐hole structure for single balanced mixer application is presented. The proposed hybrid, different from those of conventional quadrature hybrid applications, can provide not only compact size but also DC block function which is very suitable for MMIC design. Application to the mixer is presented. The best conversion loss of 5.1 dB at 37 GHz and a conversion loss greater than 11 dB for wide IF bandwidth from DC to 10 GHz can be achieved. When compared with the conventional single balanced mixers, more than 50% area reduction can be obtained. The chip core area of the mixer is as small as 0.48 mm2. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1843–1845, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24499
A wideband aperture‐coupled microstrip antenna for S and C bands
Authors: Ghassemi N. , Rashed‐Mohassel J. , Mohanna Sh. , Moradi Gh. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis article presents a multilayer aperture‐coupled microstrip antenna with a nonsymmetric U‐shaped feed line. The antenna structure consists of a rectangular patch which is excited through two slots on the ground plane. Experimental results show that the antenna has VSWR < 2 from 2.6 to 6.8 GHz (89%) and the gain of the structure is >7 dB from 2.7 to 4.5 GHz (50%). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1807–1809, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24500
Miniaturization of frequency selective surfaces using fractal Koch curves
Authors: Campos A. L. P. S. , de Oliveira E. E. C. , Silva P. H. F. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis article presents a proposal for frequency‐selective surfaces (FSSs) miniaturization. The FSSs are made up of a 2D periodic array of metallic Koch fractal element. The FSS prototypes were designed using the software Ansoft DesignTM and several prototypes were built. The FSS were built on a RT‐Duroid 3010 substrate. All the built FSS obtained a good agreement with simulated results. We obtained a reduction of up to 50% of area with the use of fractal Koch curves. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1983–1986, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24503
Low‐phase noise VCO using output matching network based on novel harmonic control circuit
Authors: Choi Jaewon , Seo Chulhun 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn this article, a novel voltage‐controlled oscillator (VCO) using the output matching network based on the novel harmonic control circuit is presented for reducing the phase noise without the reduction of the frequency tuning range. The phase noise suppression is achieved by the harmonic control circuit having the short impedances for the second‐ and third‐harmonic components. The high‐Q resonator has been used for reducing the phase noise but has the problem that the frequency tuning range has been also reduced by the increase of the Q value of the resonator. However, the frequency tuning range of the proposed VCO has not been reduced because the phase noise has been reduced without the high‐Q resonator. The microstrip square open loop multiple split ring resonator has been used with the proposed harmonic control circuit for better phase noise property. The phase noise of this VCO has been −127.5 to −126.33 dBc/Hz @ 100 kHz in the tuning range, 5.744–5.865 GHz. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1838–1842, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24510
Optical extinction ratio monitoring techniques using optical spectrum analysis
Authors: Yang Chun‐Liang 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAn optical extinction ratio monitoring technique for wavelength‐division‐multiplexed passive optical network systems is proposed. This technique is based on the optical spectrum analysis. It can accurately measure the optical extinction ratio of optical signals and does not change with the transmission distance. In our experiments, the transient chirp hardly affects the measured results if the optical extinction ratio is lower than 7 dB, and the measured errors are less than 0.5 dB. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1800–1803, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24512
Compact parallel coupled‐line bandpass filter with wide bandwidth and suppression of spurious
Authors: Chin Kuo‐Sheng , Chen Yi‐Ping , Lin Ken‐Min , Chiang Yi‐Chyun 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe re‐entrant coupling structure is applied in a parallel‐coupled microstrip filter design to ensure a wide bandwidth, compactness, and the suppression of spurious. Fan design graphs are provided to determine the dimensions of each coupled stage. The features and advantages of the proposed circuit are analyzed in detail. Two experimental filters with design bandwidths of 70 and 90% are fabricated to verify the effectiveness of the modified structure. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1795–1800, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24513
Gestaltung von Partikeln — Produktdesign disperser Stoffe
Authors: Rähse Wilhelm 
Published: May 2009

AbstractDie Größe, Form, Stabilität, Rieselfähigkeit, Löslichkeit und das chemische Verhalten von Teilchen in Pulvern und Granulaten lassen sich einstellen. Enzym‐, Dünger‐ und Kunststoffgranulate, Percarbonat, Zitronensäure, Blähton, Eisenerzpellets sowie Tabletten sind Beispiele dafür.
1H NMR metabolomics study of age profiling in children
Authors: Gu Haiwei , Pan Zhengzheng , Xi Bowei , Hainline Bryan E. , Shanaiah Narasimhamurthy , Asiago Vincent , Gowda G. A. Nagana , Raftery Daniel 
Published: May 2009

AbstractMetabolic profiling of urine provides a fingerprint of personalized endogenous metabolite markers that correlate to a number of factors such as gender, disease, diet, toxicity, medication, and age. It is important to study these factors individually, if possible to unravel their unique contributions. In this study, age‐related metabolic changes in children of age 12 years and below were analyzed by 1H NMR spectroscopy of urine. The effect of age on the urinary metabolite profile was observed as a distinct age‐dependent clustering even from the unsupervised principal component analysis. Further analysis, using partial least squares with orthogonal signal correction regression with respect to age, resulted in the identification of an age‐related metabolic profile. Metabolites that correlated with age included creatinine, creatine, glycine, betaine/TMAO, citrate, succinate, and acetone. Although creatinine increased with age, all the other metabolites decreased. These results may be potentially useful in assessing the biological age (as opposed to chronological) of young humans as well as in providing a deeper understanding of the confounding factors in the application of metabolomics. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Single echo acquisition MRI using RF encoding
Authors: Wright Steven M. , McDougall Mary Preston 
Published: May 2009

AbstractEncoding of spatial information in magnetic resonance imaging is conventionally accomplished by using magnetic field gradients. During gradient encoding, the position ink‐space is determined by a time‐integral of the gradient field, resulting in a limitation in imaging speed due to either gradient power or secondary effects such as peripheral nerve stimulation. Partial encoding of spatial information through the sensitivity patterns of an array of coils, known as parallel imaging, is widely used to accelerate the imaging, and is complementary to gradient encoding. This paper describes the one‐dimensional limit of parallel imaging in which all spatial localization in one dimension is performed through encoding by the radiofrequency (RF) coil. Using a one‐dimensional array of long and narrow parallel elements to localize the image information in one direction, an entire image is obtained from a single line ofk‐space, avoiding rapid or repeated manipulation of gradients. The technique, called single echo acquisition (SEA) imaging, is described, along with the need for a phase compensation gradient pulse to counteract the phase variation contained in the RF coil pattern which would otherwise cause signal cancellation in each imaging voxel. Image reconstruction and resolution enhancement methods compatible with the speed of the technique are discussed. MR movies at frame rates of 125 frames per second are demonstrated, illustrating the ability to monitor the evolution of transverse magnetization to steady state during an MR experiment as well as demonstrating the ability to image rapid motion. Because this technique, like all RF encoding approaches, relies on the inherent spatially varying pattern of the coil and is not a time‐integral, it should enable new applications for MRI that were previously inaccessible due to speed constraints, and should be of interest as an approach to extending the limits of detection in MR imaging. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Differences between students and non‐students' willingness to donate to a charitable organisation
Authors: Pentecost Robin , Andrews Lynda 
Published: May 2009

Abstract

This paper reports on a comparative study of students and non‐students that investigates which psycho‐social factors influence intended donation behaviour within a single organisation that offers multiple forms of donation activity. Additionally, the study examines which media channels are more important to encourage donation. A self‐administered survey instrument was used and a sample of 776 respondents recruited. Logistic regressions and a Chow test were used to determine statistically significant differences between the groups. For donating money, importance of charity and attitude towards charity influence students, whereas only importance of need significantly influences non‐students. For donating time, no significant influences were found for non‐students, however, importance of charity and attitude towards charity were significant for students. Importance of need was significant for both students and non‐students for donating goods, with importance of charity also significant for students. Telephone and television channels were important for both groups. However, Internet, email and short messaging services were more important for students, providing opportunities to enhance this group's perceptions of the importance of the charity, and the importance of the need, which ultimately impacts on their attitudes towards the charity. These differences highlight the importance of charities focussing on those motivations and attitudes that are important to a particular target segment and communicating through appropriate media channels for these segments.
Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thermal and catalytic aspects of Ln(III) polymer–metal complexes
Authors: Patel Mihir M , Kapadia Malav A , Joshi Jayantilal D 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: In this era, polymer‐supported catalysts are gaining more attention, as they are effective in reduction of pollution, production cost and give good yield. Due to the versatility of lanthanide catalysts in organic synthesis, we envisioned that lanthanides(III) supported polymers would afford a novel type of solid phase Lewis acids.RESULTS: The polymer–metal complexes are found to be efficient and effective catalysts in the Biginelli three‐component, one‐pot synthesis of 3,4‐dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐ones. The synthesized polymer is thermally more stable and porous in nature than polychelates.CONCLUSION: The polymer–metal complexes can be used as economical and eco‐friendly catalysts for synthesis of substituted 3,4‐dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐ones with different aromatic aldehydes and β‐ketoesters. Thermal stability of the polymer is higher than that of polychelates due to the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonding. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Microstructure formation in polymer composites prepared with polypropylene and a polyaniline complex
Authors: Ríos‐Soberanis Carlos R , Ley‐Bonilla Rafael A , Cruz‐Estrada Ricardo H , Cupul‐Manzano Carlos V , Rangel‐Rodríguez Luis M , Caballero‐Can Alejandra 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Results of a feasibility study to produce elongated structures of an electro‐conductive polyaniline complex (PANICOM) within polymer composites by means of an in situ deformation process are reported. The aim was to find an alternative route to produce fiber‐like polymer materials with potential applications in electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection. PANICOM–polypropylene blends with PANICOM contents ranging from 1 to 50 wt% were capillary extruded. The microstructure was analyzed using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Conductivity measurements were carried out. Tensile mechanical properties were also characterized.RESULTS: PANICOM was deformed into elongated structures, embedded within the polypropylene, preferentially oriented in the extrusion direction. The highest conductivity levels were reached for PANICOM contents of 15 wt% and greater. For contents of PANICOM of about 5 to 10 wt%, the conductivities lay within the optimal ESD range, and the breaking tenacity was only about 25% lower than that of pure polypropylene.CONCLUSION: The results obtained provide further evidence to support the feasibility of producing electrically conductive fibers of PANICOM within a suitable polymer matrix by means of a simple in situ deformation process, so as to allow the fabrication of conducting composites with potential applications in ESD protection. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Thermal degradation behaviour of multi‐walled carbon nanotube‐reinforced poly(L‐lactide) nanocomposites
Authors: Kim Hun‐Sik , Chae Yun Seok , Kwon Ha Il , Yoon Jin‐San 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Polymer/multi‐walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composites are one of the most promising alternatives to conventional polymer composites filled with micrometre‐sized fillers. This approach can also be applied for the improvement of mechanical properties and thermal stability of biodegradable aliphatic polyesters, such as poly(L‐lactide) (PLLA), which have been receiving increasing attention due to environmental concerns. Thermal degradation behaviour provides useful information for the determination of the optimum processing conditions and for identification of potential applications of final products.RESULTS: The PLLA/MWCNT composites investigated showed a higher thermal degradation peak temperature and onset temperature of degradation along with a higher amount of residue at the completion of degradation than neat PLLA. Moreover, PLLA/MWCNT composites with a greater MWCNT content showed higher activation energy of thermal degradation than those with a lower MWCNT loading, which confirmed the positive effect of MWCNT incorporation on the enhancement of PLLA thermal stability.CONCLUSION: This study explored the thermal degradation behaviour of PLLA/MWCNT composites by observing the weight loss, molecular weight and mechanical properties during non‐isothermal and isothermal degradation. The incorporation of MWCNTs into the PLLA matrix enhanced considerably the mechanical properties and thermal stability. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Simulation and fabrication of heterojunction silicon solar cells from numerical computer and hot‐wire CVD
Authors: Lien Shui‐Yang , Wuu Dong‐Sing 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn this paper, we will present a Pc1D numerical simulation for heterojunction (HJ) silicon solar cells, and discuss their possibilities and limitations. By means of modeling and numerical computer simulation, the influence of emitter‐layer/intrinsic‐layer/crystalline‐Si heterostructures with different thickness and crystallinity on the solar cell performance is investigated and compared with hot wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) experimental results. A new technique for characterization of n‐type microcrystalline silicon (n‐µc‐Si)/intrinsic amorphous silicon (i‐a‐Si)/crystalline silicon (c‐Si) heterojunction solar cells from Pc1D is developed. Results of numerical modeling as well as experimental data obtained using HWCVD onµc‐Si (n)/a‐Si (i)/c‐Si (p) heterojunction are presented. This work improves the understanding of HJ solar cells to derive arguments for design optimization. Some simulated parameters of solar cells were obtained: the best results forJsc = 39·4 mA/cm2,Voc = 0·64 V, FF = 83%, andη = 21% have been achieved. After optimizing the deposition parameters of the n‐layer and the H2pretreatment of solar cell, the single‐side HJ solar cells withJsc = 34·6 mA/cm2,Voc = 0·615 V, FF = 71%, and an efficiency of 15·2% have been achieved. The double‐side HJ solar cell withJsc = 34·8 mA/cm2,Voc = 0·645 V, FF = 73%, and an efficiency of 16·4% has been fabricated. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Family assessment in K‐12 settings: Understanding family systems to provide effective, collaborative services
Authors: Eppler Christie , Weir Sarah 
Published: May 2009

AbstractProfessional school counselors, school psychologists, and other professionals working in K‐12 settings have a complex job of meeting the needs of all students. Often, referral to outside counseling is necessary; however, an effective and comprehensive counseling model advocates for school mental health professionals to employ a wide variety of techniques to ensure equitable distribution of services to all students and their families. This article explores using family assessment tools to support both students' academic achievement and their families within a school context. A case study illustrates how a professional school counselor could employ and collaborate with family assessment tools to support the student, family, and school systems. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Developing math automaticity using a classwide fluency building procedure for middle school students: A preliminary study
Authors: Axtell Philip K. , McCallum R. Steve , Mee Bell Sherry , Poncy Brian 
Published: May 2009

AbstractTo investigate the influence of an innovative math fluency intervention, 36 middle‐school students were randomly assigned to either an experimental (the Detect, Practice, Repair [DPR]) or control condition (reading intervention). After covarying pretest scores, the DPR treatment produced a significantly higher (p = .016) adjusted mean (M) math score (M = 47.53, standard deviation [SD] = 3.26) for the intervention group when compared to the control group (M = 33.31, SD = 4.39). The intervention is described so that teachers and consulting school psychologists can implement the steps for individuals or groups (e.g., in a multitiered response to intervention model). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
On the structure of 3‐acetylamino‐5‐methyl‐1,2,4‐oxadiazole and on the fully degenerate rearrangements (FDR) of its anion: a stimulating comparison between the results of ‘in‐silicon chemistry’ and ‘laboratory chemistry’
Authors: Mugnoli Angelo , Barone Giampaolo , Buscemi Silvestre , Lanza Camilla Zaira , Pace Andrea , Pani Marcella , Spinelli Domenico 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAn accurate crystal structure determination has provided evidence for a planar conformation for 3‐acetylamino‐5‐methyl‐1,2,4‐oxadiazole (5), in agreement with quantum‐mechanical calculations in the gas phase. In the crystal, a series of strong intermolecular N7H7….O9 hydrogen bonds link the amido groups of different molecules, causing the formation of infinite parallel ordered chains. The effect of the DMSO solvent on the energy and charge distribution of compound 5 and on its relevant 5− anion, involved in a fully degenerate rearrangement (FDR), has been deepened by quantum‐mechanical DFT calculations. The calculated energy barrier for the FDR increases in going from in vacuo to DMSO, in agreement with previsions based on the Hughes and Ingold rules concerning the nucleophilic substitution of an anionic reagent (the deprotonated amido group in the side chain) on a neutral substrate (the 1,2,4‐oxadiazole ring). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Discussing prognosis in an oncology setting: initial evaluation of a communication skills training module
Authors: Brown Richard , Bylund Carma L. , Eddington Julia , Gueguen Jennifer A. , Kissane David W. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractObjective: Although cancer patients from Western countries have high needs for prognostic information, the frequency of such discussions in oncology consultations is variable. Prognosis is a difficult discussion area for both physicians and patients. Physician focused Communication Skills Training (CST) has been suggested as a means to aid these discussions. We developed and tested a CST module about discussing prognosis. Training consisted of didactic teaching, exemplary video and role‐play sessions. The study aim was to develop the module and evaluate the effectiveness of the training.Method: One hundred and forty‐two clinicians from Memorial Sloan‐Kettering Cancer Center and the New York City area voluntarily participated in the training module over a two‐year period. The module was based on current literature and followed the Comskil model previously utilized for other doctor–patient CSTs. Participants completed pre and post surveys to evaluate their own confidence as well as the helpfulness of the module.Results: Based on a retrospective pre–post measure, participants reported an increase in their confidence about discussing prognosis (t141=−9.331, p<0.001). At least 92% of participants reported their satisfaction with components of the module by either agreeing or strongly agreeing with 5/6 different statements included in their evaluation forms.Conclusions: This short training program demonstrated success in improving physician confidence to discuss prognosis and self‐efficacy. This result, coupled with the participant's intent to utilize new skills in clinical encounters, suggests that this is a useful module. Future research will target changes in patient outcomes as a result of the physician training. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.