bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medication non-adherence in re-admitted patients at a psychiatry hospital: A qualitative study
Authors: Zwide Gopolang E. , Tsolekile Dewet Zukiswa , Sokudela Funeka B. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Medication non-adherence is a significant public health concern and is prevalent among mental healthcare users. Approximately 65% of patients with severe mental illness do not adhere to their prescribed medication. Medication nonadherence may worsen mental illness and result in poorer clinical outcomes, including frequent relapses and rehospitalisation rates, as well as long time to remission, which may contribute to increased cost of care.Aim: We explored perspectives regarding reasons for medication non-adherence among readmitted psychiatric patients.Setting: Weskoppies Psychiatric Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa.Methods: We adopted the social constructivism paradigm for this exploratory qualitative study. Purposive sampling was used to select 15 re-admitted patients, who were nonadherent to their medication. Data were collected through individual semi-structured interviews. The interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. The data were thematically analysed, using the principles of grounded theory.Results: Substance abuse, a lack of family support and poor health literacy were the most common reasons for non-adherence to medication. Other reasons included medication side effects, healthcare system drawbacks and a lack of finances to access healthcare. Some patients did not adhere to their medication because they believed that their mental illnesses were spiritual in origin.Conclusion: Multiple factors contributed to patients not adhering to their medication, ultimately resulting in their relapse and readmission. Clinicians should be cognisant of these factors when trying to prevent relapse and readmission.Contribution: Clinicians also ought to identify patients who are at risk of not adhering to medication. Targeted interventions should be established for tackling medication non-adherence.
A Curious Case Report of Meckel’s Diverticulum with Diverticulitis
Authors: Gopalkrishna S. P. , Kulkarni Srikanth 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Meckel’s diverticulum (MD) is the most common congenital defect found in the gastrointestinal system, occurring in 2%–4% of the population, with a male-to-female ratio of 2:1. In this report, we describe an unusual case of a 4-year-old male who presented with symptoms of abdominal pain, vomiting, and stools resembling red currant jelly. Physical examination revealed diffuse abdominal tenderness, while ultrasonography showed a target sign in the right hypochondrium, indicating intussusception. Diagnostic laparoscopy confirmed ileal loops intussuscepting into the ascending colon, which could not be reduced laparoscopically. A midline laparotomy revealed approximately 30 cm of ileal loops intussuscepting up to the transverse colon, with MD and diverticulitis identified as the lead point. Surgical intervention included resection of the diverticulum, end-to-end ileal anastomosis using the Vertex endo linear cutter stapler, and an appendectomy. Histopathology confirmed follicular lymphocytic hyperplasia in MD with subacute appendicitis. The patient recovered well and was discharged without complications.
Detection of IPv6 routing attacks using ANN and a novel IoT dataset
Authors: Emeç Murat 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe Internet of Things (IoT) is an intelligent network paradigm created by interconnected device networks. Although the importance of IoT systems has increased in various applications, the increasing number of connected devices has made security even more critical. This study presents the ROUT‐4‐2023 dataset, which represents a step toward the security of IoT networks. This dataset simulates potential attacks on RPL‐based IoT networks and provides a new platform for researchers in this field. Using artificial intelligence and machine‐learning techniques, a performance evaluation was performed on four different artificial neural network models (convolutional neural network, deep neural network, multilayer perceptron structure, and routing attack detection‐fed forward neural network [RaD‐FFNN]). The results show that the RaD‐FFNN model has high accuracy, precision, and retrieval rates, indicating that it can be used as an effective tool for the security of IoT networks. This study contributes to the protection of IoT networks from potential attacks by presenting ROUT‐4‐2023 and RaD‐FFNN models, which will lead to further research on IoT security.
Development and validation of a predictive model for endoscopic improvement of Crohn's disease
Authors: Wang Hua-Gang , Nima Cang-La , Zhou Qi 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
At present, there is a lack of non-invasive indicators to evaluate the changes in endoscopic activity between two visits for patients with Crohn's disease (CD).
AIM
To develop a model for predicting whether endoscopic activity will improve in CD patients.
METHODS
This is a single-center retrospective study that included patients diagnosed with CD from January 2014 to December 2022. The patients were randomly divided into a modeling group (70%) and an internal validation group (30%), with an external validation group from January 2023 to March 2024. Univariate and binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify independent risk factors, which were used to construct a nomogram model. The model's performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Additionally, further sensitivity analyses were performed.
RESULTS
One hundred seventy patients were included in the training group, while 64 were included in the external validation group. A binary logistic stepwise regression analysis revealed that the changes in the amplitudes of albumin (ALB) and fibrinogen (FIB) were independent risk factors for endoscopic improvement. A nomogram model was developed based on these risk factors. The area under the curve of the model for the training group, internal validation group, and external validation group were 0.802, 0.788, and 0.787, respectively. The average absolute errors of the calibration curves were 0.011, 0.016, and 0.018, respectively. DCA indicated that the model performs well in clinical practice. Additionally, sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the model has strong robustness and applicability.
CONCLUSION
Our study shows that changes in the amplitudes of ALB and FIB are effective predictors of endoscopic improvement in patients with CD during follow-up visits compared to their previous ones.
Adult juvenile polyp bleeding detected by extravascular contrast leakage and treated with endoscopic clipping: A case report
Authors: Kataoka Fumiya , Nakanishi Takayuki , Araki Hiroshi , Ichino Shoichi , Kamei Makoto , Makino Hiroyuki , Nagao Ryotaro , Asano Takayuki , Tagami Atsushi , Moriwaki Hisataka 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Juvenile polyps (JPs) are non-neoplastic polyps. In adults, JPs present with hematochezia in only approximately half the patients and are often found incidentally during endoscopic screening. JPs have no mucosal fascia at the tip, and spontaneous shedding and massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage may occur. Thus, the JP bleeding detected in this case by extravascular contrast leakage on computed tomography scans and treated with endoscopic clipping is rare.
CASE SUMMARY
A previously healthy 31-year-old male patient presented with a 2-day history of bloody stools. Upon hospital arrival, rectal examination revealed fresh blood, and abdominal computed tomography scans showed extravascular contrast leakage from the lower rectum’s left-side wall. His blood pressure was slightly low at 104/62 mmHg. However, his pulse rate (69 bpm) and oxygen level (99% on room air) were within normal limits. Emergency endoscopy revealed a pedunculated lesion in the rectum covered by a non-neoplastic mucosal epithelium. No neoplastic lesions were observed at the tip of the polyp; however, pulsatile bleeding was detected at the distal end. We performed endoscopic hemostasis by clipping the stem and then performed a polypectomy above the stem to examine the lesion tissue. Histopathological evaluation revealed a cystically dilated gland without neoplastic lesions. A subsequent total colonoscopy revealed two JPs with characteristic edematous, smooth, and reddish surfaces close to the hemorrhagic lesion. Subsequent histopathological evaluation indicated findings characteristic of JP, such as severe inflammatory cell infiltration of the stroma and cystic dilatation of the glandular ducts.
CONCLUSION
There are no reports of adult JPs presenting with contrast extravasation where endoscopic hemostasis was successful, as in this case.
Clinical impact of endoscopy in severely thrombocytopenic patients with hematologic malignancy experiencing gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Alhumayyd Badr , Naumann Ashton , Cashen Amanda , Chen Chien-Huan 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is a major cause of hospitalization worldwide. Patients with hematologic malignancies have a higher risk of GIB as a result of thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction. There is no consensus on the optimal platelet level that would be safe for endoscopic intervention, although a platelet level of > 50 × 109 / L was suggested based on expert opinion. There is a paucity of data on whether endoscopic intervention and the timing of endoscopy impacted the outcome of patients with hematologic malignancy and severe thrombocytopenia who experienced acute overt GIB.
AIM
To assess the safety of endoscopic intervention of inpatients with hematological malignancies and severe thrombocytopenia presenting with acute overt GIB.
METHODS
This is a single center retrospective study. The data was collected from the electronic health record from 2018 to 2020. Inpatients with hematologic malignancy who presented with acute overt GIB and platelet count ≤ 50 × 109/L were included in the study. Outcomes included mortality, transfusion requirements, length of stay, intensive care unit admission and recurrent bleeding. A subgroup analysis was performed to compare the outcomes of urgent endoscopy within 24 hours of GIB vs endoscopy > 24 hours.
RESULTS
A total of 76 patients were identified. The mean platelet count is 24.3 in the endoscopy arm and 14.6 in the conservative management arm. There was no statistically significant difference between patients who had endoscopy vs conservative management in 30-day (P = 0.13) or 1 year (P = 0.78) mortality, recurrent bleeding (P = 0.68), transfusion of red blood cells (P = 0.47), platelets (P = 0.31), or length of stay (P = 0.94). A subgroup analysis comparing urgent endoscopy within 24 hours compared with delayed endoscopy showed urgent endoscopy was not associated with improved 30-day or 1 year mortality (P = 0.11 and 0.46, respectively) compared to routine endoscopy, but was associated with decreased recurrent bleeding in 30 days (P = 0.01).
CONCLUSION
Medical supportive treatment without endoscopy could be considered as an alternative to endoscopic therapy for patients with hematologic malignancy complicated by severe thrombocytopenia and acute non-variceal GIB.
Comparison of endoscopic submucosal dissection and transanal endoscopic microsurgery for stage 1 rectal neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Weng Jun , Chi Jun , Lv Yan-Hua , Chen Ruo-Bing , Xu Guo-Liang , Xia Xian-Feng , Bai Kun-Hao 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Stage 1 rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are best treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) or transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) for local resection.
AIM
To investigate the safety and efficacy of ESD and TEM for local resection of stage 1 rectal NETs.
METHODS
This retrospective observational analysis included patients with clinical stage 1 rectal NETs (cT1N0M0, less than 20 mm) who underwent ESD or TEM. The ESD and TEM groups were matched to ensure that they had comparable lesion sizes, lesion locations, and pathological grades. We assessed the differences between groups in terms of en bloc resection rate, R0 resection rate, adverse event rate, recurrence rate, and hospital stay and cost.
RESULTS
Totally, 128 Lesions (ESD = 84; TEM = 44) were included, with 58 Lesions within the matched groups (ESD = 29; TEM = 29). Both the ESD and TEM groups had identical en bloc resection (100.0% vs 100.0%, P = 1.000), R0 resection (82.8% vs 96.6%, P = 0.194), adverse event (0.0% vs 6.9%, P = 0.491), and recurrence (0.0% vs 3.4%, P = 1.000) rates. Nevertheless, the median hospital stay [ESD: 5.5 (4.5-6.0) vs TEM: 10.0 (7.0-12.0) days; P < 0.001], and cost [ESD: 11.6 (9.8-12.6) vs TEM: 20.9 (17.0-25.1) kilo-China Yuan, P < 0.001] were remarkably shorter and less for ESD.
CONCLUSION
Both ESD and TEM were well-tolerated and yielded favorable outcomes for the local removal of clinical stage 1 rectal NETs. ESD exhibits shorter hospital stay and fewer costs than TEM.
Traversing Frontiers: An Exploration of Boundaries and Resilience in Anne Frank’s Diary of a Young Girl
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Bhuvaneswari , Aravind B R 
Published: February 2025

В данной статье «Дневник Анны Франк» рассматривается через призму темы «границы», с особым акцентом на изучение пределов и способности восстанавливаться после трудных ситуаций. Анна Франк, еврейская девочка-подросток, задокументировала свои переживания во время Второй мировой войны, предоставив уникальное понимание сложности человеческого существования перед лицом тяжелых испытаний. В дневнике тема границ исследуется с различных точек зрения: идентичности, пространства, страха, мужества, человечности и надежды. Исследование глубоко анализирует мысли и диалоги Анны, внимательно рассматривая, как она преодолевала эмоциональные, физические и личные границы в условиях укрытия. Кроме того, изучается литературная значимость дневника в преодолении культурных и поколенческих барьеров, что подчеркивает его непреходящее значение в осмыслении человеческой стойкости и стремления к лучшему миру. Журнал Анны Франк отражает процесс её самопознания и формирования чувства собственного «я». Анна и другие обитатели убежища переживают заточение, ограниченность передвижения и постоянный риск обнаружения. Физические границы влияют на их отношения, взаимодействие и эмоциональное состояние, подчеркивая трудности жизни в тайне.
The Administrative Structure of Narva and Its Role in Promoting of “Unusual Trade” in Livonian-Russian Borderlands During the 15th and Early 16th Centuries
Authors: Yakunina Valentina A. 
Published: February 2025

This article focuses on the study of administrative-legal framework of medieval Narva and its influence on development of the town’s economic potential within Livonian-Russian trade. Using the descriptive statistics methods, an attempt was made to reconstruct the Narva’s administrative structure and to present the powers distribution between the town and Order authorities. That helped to define economic strategy of the town’s authorities within Livonian-Russian relations to answer the question of what allowed a small border town like Narva to successfully compete with larger commercial cities in Livonia.
The relationship between Order and Narva’s local authorities can be characterized as a cooperation, which had a positive impact on the trade development in Narva. The reasons for the town council’s interest in the trade development can be attributed to the social composition of burgomasters and councilors, most of whom were directly associated with the merchant class. The bailiffs were interested in trade development, both due to their official duties as part of general economic policy of the Order-Landmaster, and their personal economic interests. They were active participants in Livonian-Russian and Hanseatic trades. The town council and bailiffs, driven by different motives, were interested in urban trade development and maintaining economic relations with Novgorod and Pskov. This was reflected in their support for what was known as “unusual trade” – a trade conducted outside of Hanseatic regulations. The development of this type of trade allowed the town to enhance its economic position, particularly during the trouble periods between Russia and Hanseatic towns of Livonia.
Colonization as a Factor of Russian History in the Understanding of the Scholars of the 19th – early 20th Centuries
Authors: Tsintsadze Nina S. 
Published: February 2025

The article contains an overview of research practices of the 19th – early 20th on Russian colonization understood as the settlement and economic development of empty or sparsely populated territories. The tasks included the study of the ideas concerning territory development, environment influence, understanding the role of colonization in the formation of the Russian state, as well as the significance of the colonization theory for historiography. The range of sources included scientific works by more than 20 scholars. Among the authors there are thinkers of different scientific schools and trends, which allowed us to consider a wide range of approaches to understanding the phenomenon of the colonization of Russia. Attention is paid to the analysis of both integral and regional interpretation of the colonization process. The theoretical and methodological basis for the study was the concept of “spatial turn”. It is shown that the colonization theory has proven productive in identifying the features of the historical evolution of Russia through the prism of its territorial growth and geographical conditions. Pre-revolutionary scholars noted that the expansion of the country was facilitated by the large capacity of the space of the north-eastern part of the European continent. The predominantly peaceful, but uneven and drawn-out character of colonization with a touch of permanence was emphasized. Researchers have identified its causes, directions, forms and consequences. Space was perceived as a valuable resource, and its scale as an achievement of the joint efforts of the state and society. The vastness of the state territory contributed to the establishment of a strong centralized power. It is concluded that the colonization theory has expanded and enriched historiography with historical, geographical and regional studies. It became one of the metanarratives of historical science in the modern period. Within its framework, the following problematic issues were raised and resolved: the factors of the formation of state territory, the peculiarities of its settlement, the spatial organization of the country. The colonization theory retains a high heuristic potential for the postmodernist study of the genesis of the space of the Russian state, including in the trend of the history of the frontier.
Astrakhan Yurt Tatars and the Peoples of Central Asia in the 16th – 18th Centuries
Authors: Toropitsyn Ilya V. 
Published: February 2025

Astrakhan Yurt Tatars were in close contact with the peoples of Central Asia in the 16th – 18th centuries. Relations with the nearest geographical neighbors (Nogais, Kalmyks, Kazakhs) were influenced by the foreign policy situation, depending on which, periods of confrontation between the Astrakhan Tatars and nomadic peoples were replaced by peaceful coexistence. Astrakhan Tatars had more pragmatic relations with the inhabitants of the Central Asian khanates. Astrakhan Tatars maintained direct trade contacts with them, carrying out transactions both in Astrakhan and making caravan trips to Khiva and Bukhara. Due to the close interaction between them, trusty and family relations developed from time to time.
Economic Management within the Cossack Frontier in the Second Half of the 19th Century (Based on the Example of the Don and Azov Cossack Troops)
Authors: Kolpakov Petr A. , Yurchenko Ivan Yu. 
Published: February 2025

This article reconstructs the historical practices of economic management in the territories of the Don and Azov Cossack armies in the second half of the 19th century. The study fills the gaps in scientific knowledge by presenting the Cossacks not only as a separate service class, but also as a complex socio-economic system. The research aims to analyze the specifics of economic administration in the Cossack troops. It is based on the administrative documentation from the boards of the Don and Azov Cossack troops, which are kept in the collections of the State Archive of the Russian Federation and the Russian State Military Historical Archive. The geographical format stems from the historical importance of securing Russia’s southern borders and the related economic measures necessary to support military operations in peripheral regions. The procurement of grain through auctions for Cossack troop officials presented challenges in balancing the interests of the military department with those of commercial suppliers. The vast expanse of the Don Army’s territory required the development of road and postal infrastructure. Local industry primarily processed agricultural products, with fish processing plants playing a big role due to the importance of fishing. Construction required the establishment of brick factories, such as the one built in the Azov Cossack Army to restore buildings damaged during Anglo-French bombardments in the Crimean War of 1853-1856. The study concludes that economic management within the Cossack frontier involved a complex system of organizational and administrative measures tailored to the unique challenges of the region.
Оценка развития сельского хозяйства региона: Алтайский край
Authors: Ковалева И.В. 
Published: February 2025

Сельскохозяйственный сектор региона является стратегическим в структуре валового регионального продукта, исторически специализируясь на производстве разнообразной продукции растениеводства и животноводства. Алтайский край, занимая шестое место в общероссийской структуре производства сельскохозяйственной продукции и первое место в Сибирском федеральном округе, сохраняет традиционное возделывание продукции растениеводческой отрасли. Динамичное развитие характерно для сельскохозяйственных организаций и крестьянских (фермерских) хозяйств с темпом прироста 3-6 %. В то же время в секторе личных хозяйств населения наблюдается негативная тенденция сокращения объема производства сельскохозяйственной продукции.
The agricultural sector of the region is strategic in the structure of the gross regional product, historically specializing in the production of various crop and livestock products. The region ranks sixth in the structure of agricultural production in Russia, first in the Siberian Federal District. Traditionally, leading positions belong to crop products. Dynamic development is characteristic of agricultural organizations and peasant (farm) households with a growth rate of 3-6 %. At the same time, in the sector of personal farms of the population, there is a negative trend of reducing the volume of agricultural production.
Теоретические аспекты государственного регулирования жизни общества
Authors: Садыкова А.И. 
Published: February 2025

В статье рассмотрены основные направления государственного регулирования экономики. Особое внимание уделено вопросам антимонопольной политики, поддержки отдельных отраслей экономики, а также нейтрализации внешних эффектов. Действительно, некоторые функции нельзя передать в частные руки, поскольку они будут коммерциализированы и не будут выполняться в полном объеме, хотя их выполнение особенно важно для государства, организаций и граждан.
The article examines the main areas of state regulation of the economy. Particular attention is paid to issues of antimonopoly policy, support for individual sectors of the economy, as well as the neutralization of external effects. Indeed, some functions cannot be transferred to private hands, since they will be commercialized and will not be performed in full, which is especially important for the state, organizations and citizens.