bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PW01-151 - Neural Networks For Motion Processing And Pursuit Eye Movements In Untreated First-Episode Psychosis
Authors: Lencer R. , Keedy S.K. , Reilly J.L. , Mc Donough B.E. , Sprenger A. , Sweeney J.A. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveTo identify alterations in neural networks for visual motion perception and pursuit tracking and their interrelationship in schizophrenia, and secondarily to evaluate their comparability to findings in psychotic bipolar disorder.MethodsUntreated first-episode patients with schizophrenia (N=24) and psychotic bipolar disorder (N=13), and 20 matched healthy participants performed a passive visual motion processing task and a pursuit eye tracking task, which patients have been shown to perform as well as healthy subjects, during functional neuroimaging. Available subjects were retested after four weeks, during which both patient groups received second generation antipsychotics.ResultsDuring the motion processing task, neither patient group showed reduced activation in V5, but activations in its projection fields in posterior parietal cortex were reduced in both groups. Pursuit related neural activation in both patients groups was not reduced in sensorimotor systems, but was enhanced in anterior intraparietal sulcus and insula. In schizophrenia, activation was also enhanced in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and dorsomedial thalamus. Greater V5 activation during passive motion processing predicted greater activation in posterior parietal cortex during pursuit in healthy individuals but not in patients. The only significant change at follow-up was decreased anterior cingulate activation during pursuit in schizophrenia.ConclusionsReduced transfer of visual motion information to parietal association cortex may compromise information about target speed and tracking error needed for sensorimotor transformations during pursuit tracking in psychotic disorders. Enhanced activation of a prefrontal-thalamo-parietal network during pursuit tracking in schizophrenia may represent compensation for this deficit.
PW01-161 - Generalized Anxiety Disorder And Immunity Markers In A Stratified Population Sample
Authors: Korkeila J. , Runsten S. , Ollikainen S. , Korkeila K. 
Published: June 2010

Purpose of the studyIncreased levels of high-sensitivity CRP have been associated with e.g. major depression, chronic stress and obesity. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between generalized anxiety disorder and hsCRP.MethodsThe study sample consisted non-smoking women who were living in the town of Turku or nearby and had taken part in the longitudinal Health and Social Support Study (the HeSSup Study) in 1998 and 2003. Of these 312 women the address was unknown for 82, 230 were contacted and 153 subjects responded (67%), 18 (8%) refused to take part and 19 (8%) were excluded. All 116 participants signed and returned the informed consent. The MINI neuropsychiatric interview was used for diagnostics and blood samples were drawn for the analyses of hsCRP and cytokines.ResultsThe range mean of hsCRP-level was 1.7 mg/l (range: 0.17 -30.9 mg/l). The mean of BMI was 25.3 (SD=5.0, 17.3-50.8). There was an inverse correlation between GAD and BMI (rho= -0.19, p< 0.05). The odds for a person with GAD diagnosis to have high CRP was 0.37-fold (0.14-0.88), an increased IFN-G-1 0.74 -fold(0.61-0.90) an increased TNF-alfa 1.31-fold (1.01-1.71). Adding BMI to the multivariate analysis did not render the results insignificant.ConclusionsWe found a significant inverse correlation between immunity markers and GAD.
PW01-165 - Identification Of A De Novo 22q11.2 Distal Deletion In An Adult Female Referred For An Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Verhoeven W. , De Leeuw N. , Egger J. , Brunner H. 
Published: June 2010

Velocardiofacial syndrome, nowadays called 22q11 deletion syndrome (22q11DS), involves a common hemizygous interstitial microdeletion at 22q11.2. The syndrome has a highly variable expression including congenital cardiac and vascular anomalies, endocrine dysfunctions, facial dysmorphisms and an increased risk for the occurrence of a specific psychopathological phenotype.The patient is an 18-years-old female and only child from non consanguineous parents. She was referred because of anxious preoccupations with death. Her history mentioned postnatal feeding problems, surgical correction of septal defects aged 6 months, frequent upper airway infections during childhood, developmental delay and recurrent anxieties. Her somatic phenotype was characterized by nasal speech, minor facial dysmorphisms, bilateral hypoplasia of the thenar eminence. Neuropsychiatric examination demonstrated affective instability, severe anxieties accompanied with social withdrawal, ideas of reference, perseverations and paranoid ideation. Neuropsychological assessment demonstrated executive dysfunctions, attention deficits, low social and interpersonal skills and a disharmonic intelligence profile with limited verbal capacities. Total IQ was 81 indicating low intelligence level. Laboratory analyses and MRI scanning of the brain revealed no abnormalities. A provisional clinical diagnosis of 22q11 deletion syndrome was made. Treatment with 20mg citalopram daily for 2 years resulted in complete remission of anxiety symptoms.Routine cytogenetic investigation demonstrated a normal 46XX karyotype, and no fragile X. 22q11.2 FISH analysis showed no deletions nor did subsequent MLPA subtelomere deletion testing. SNP array analysis demonstrated a 738,8 kb distal deletion in 22q11.21q11.22.This report demonstrates the importance of testing for 22q11.2 distal deletions in patients with a mild phenotypical presentation, etiologically suggestive for 22q11DS.
PW01-55 - Stress And Burnout In Train Engine Drivers
Authors: Garber K. , Kuntner K. , Giacomuzzi S. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesThe job of an engine driver appeared ideal for research studies because of its extremely high responsibility coupled with a high level of permanent concentration.MethodsThe main elements of the study focused on applying the EQ-5D (Quality of Life Questionnaire), SVF 78 (Stress Processing Questionnaire) and FBL-R (Freiburg Complaint List; revised version).ResultsIt turned out hat exactly fifty percent of all train drivers regret having chosen their job and judged their professional strain very high (p< 0.001). The SVF 78 reveals the following: persons of the First Group achieved much higher values in the scales regarding “escape” (p=0.029), “mental preoccupation after work” (p=0.003), “resignation” (p=0,011) and in the total amount of negative strategies (p=0.004), while Group 2 presents only higher values in the scale concerning the “playing down” (p=0.039) effect.There were also a wide-ranging differences between the two groups, especially in the scales about “general state of health” (p< 0.001), “cardiovascular complaints” (p< 0.001), “pain” (p< 0.001), “sensory perception” (p< 0.001), “emotional reactivity” (p=0.001) and “total sum of complaints” (p< 0.001). The EQ-5D showed that train drivers who are content about the choice of their job judge their quality of life much higher than those regretting their choice (p< 0.001).ConclusionsThe results make clear that the dissatisfaction about the chosen job has negative effects on both the physical and psychological well-being.
PW01-170 - The Stress-Vulnerability Model; How Does Stress Impact On Mental Illness At The Level Of The Brain....And What Are The Consequences?
Authors: Agius M. , Goh C. 
Published: June 2010

BackgroundThe stress -vulnerability model is an extremely useful model for identifying and treating relapses of mental illness. We accept that human persons carry genetic and other predisposition to mental illness. However, the question arises as to how stress impacts on a person in order to cause mental illness to develop. Furthermore there arises the issue as to what other effects such stress has on the human body beyond the human brain.AimTo research and integrate the current literature in order to establish how stress impacts on the brain at the cellular level, and to establish whether there are other consequences for the human body brought about by the impact of stress on the human brain.MethodLiterature Search.ResultsThe present literature describes a complex set of interactions involving stress induces elevated levels of cortisol, immune responses, enhanced production of corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF), glucocorticoid receptor tolerance thus impairing the negative feedback mechanism of the HPA axis, neurodegenerative changes in the hippocampus, and balance between trophic and atrophic factors within neurons, thus affecting neurogenesis and brain plasticity. The poster explores the interrelationship between all these factors, and the genetic component which in large part constitutes the ‘vulnerability’ part of the model.ConclusionWe also show that the effects of heightened cortisol levels are not confined to the brain. but also cause metabolic problems including the ‘Metabolic Syndrome’.Such problems occur in many Psychiatric illnesses, including Depression, PTSD, as well as Schizophrenia.
PW01-263 - Galantamine Compared To Risperidone In Neuropsychiatric And Behavioural Symptoms In Alzheimer Patients: A One-Center Clinical Trial In 100 Patients
Authors: Freund-Levi Y. , Wahlund L.-O. , Eriksdotter-Jönhagen M. 
Published: June 2010

Neuropsychiatric symptoms and behavioral disturbances in dementia (BPSD) are key symptoms of AD, adds to cognitive decline and causes an increased caregivers burden. Antipsychotics provide a limited treatment option and acetylcholineesterase inhibitors (AchEI) also show beneficial effects in treatment of BPSD.ObjectiveTo compare treatment effects between AchEI (galantamine, GAL) and antipsychotics (risperidone, RIS) in patients with BPSD.MethodsOpen randomized trial in 100 patients (mean 78.7years, 67% females) using the NeuroPsychiatric Inventory score (NPI)>10 on patients (73% mild to moderate AD and 27% other dementias, treated with GAL (n=50) or RIS (n=50) for 12 weeks. Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPI, CMAI, FAST), caregivers stress (PGWB), cognition (MMSE) and severity (CIBIC) were assessed at baseline and 12 weeks.Results91 patients completed the trial. Safety and tolerability were good. 58% were APOEɛ4 carriers. At baseline MMSE was 20.1±4.6, and NPI 51.0±25.8. After 12 weeks NPI total scores had improved significantly (GAL: 16.6±16.1, RIS: 16.2±16.2).In both groups there were statistically significant improvements after 12 weeks. In several of the NPI-domains galantamine and risperidone were equally effective. RIS showed a significant treatment advantage in the NPI-domains irritation (p=0.02), agitation (p=0.02) and a trend in aberrant motor behaviour (p=0.08). GAL showed a ppositive trend in apathy/indifference (p=0.09), night time behaviour (p=0.07) and appetite (p=0.06). GAL improved MMSE scores with 2.8 p (p< 0.001) and RIS with 1 p (p< 0.07).ConclusionThis indicates that GAL could be beneficial in the treatment of neuropsychiatric and behavioural symptoms underlying AD unless aggressive symptoms are prominent.
PW01-265 - Naturalistic Use Of The Coated And Orally Disintegrating Tablets Of Olanzapine In Schizophrenic And Bipolar Outpatients: European Baseline Results
Authors: Rouillon F. , Chartier F. , Kraemer S. , Lukasiewicz M. , Tcherny-Lessenot S. , Beal C. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveTo assess in a naturalistic setting the effectiveness of olanzapine within 12-month follow-up, in schizophrenic and bipolar outpatients.In this abstract, baseline patient characteristics are provided and compared between the olanzapine coated (OC) and orally disintegrating (OD) formulations to investigate prescribing patterns.MethodZEN is a 1-year prospective, observational study, carried out in France, Germany and Greece from April’07 to May’09. Baseline patient characteristics were compared using Students-t, Chi2 or Fisher's-exact tests. Patients who started olanzapine prior to 60 days before the study or for whom the olanzapine formulations could not be determined were excluded from the analysis.Results903 of the 927 enrolled patients were analyzed (45.2% paranoid schizophrenia, 32.2% bipolar disorder). 410 patients received the OC form and 493 the OD form. Distribution of gender was comparable across groups (55.1% male).OC patients were older than OD patients (43.1 vs 39.1 years, p< 0.001) and had a longer mean duration of illness (14.4 vs 11.2 years; p< 0.001). OD patients were more severely ill irrespective of diagnosis (p< 0.006, mean CGI schizophrenia=4.2 vs 3.8, CGI bipolar disorder=4.1 vs 3.7). At initiation, daily dose in OD patients was higher (15.0 vs 10.6 mg, p< 0.0001). Based on the 6-level SUMD scale, more OC patients were clearly aware of having a mental disorder (44.7% vs 32.9%; p< 0.001). OC patients were more compliant at baseline (mean MARS score 6.6 vs 5.5, p< 0.001).ConclusionBaseline characteristics show that the utilization of each oral form of olanzapine in outpatient setting is associated with different patient profiles.
PW01-175 - Comparison Of The Quality Of Life Of Patients With Schizophrenia In Urban And Rural Districts
Authors: Adomaitienė V. , Taranda V. , Jaras A. , Dambrauskienė K. , Lygnugarytė A. , Andriuškevičienė L. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveThe goal of the study was to analyze and compare the quality of life of patients with schizophrenia who live in rural and in urban districts.MethodsOur group was randomly selected and consisted of 123 urban and 116 rural patients. We used standardized international mental health quality of life scale (QOL-36) questionnaire implemented by Phillip W. Long (2003). Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS 16.0 program.ResultsSocial problems are equally common to both groups of respondents regardless their age and the length of the disease (p< 0,05). Professional - economic problems: 59% in districts, 91% in a city; insufficient income - 88% in districts, 69% in a city. Problems in sexual sphere were by 31% of urban patients and 77% of rural patients. Sleep disorders are bothering 34.6% of districts residents and 81% of city residents. The quality of life is estimated equally bad by the residents, despite their age and the duration of the disease.ConclusionsThe most frequent problems both in districts and in a city: unemployment, low income; cognitive disorders, physical fatigue, lack of interest/feelings; difficulties in communication with close friends. Problems are of different importance to urban and rural residents - sleep disorders (not important for rural residents), problems in sexual sphere (not important rural residents). The quality of life is estimated equally bad by the patients with schizophrenia, despite their age and the duration of the disease.
PW01-178 - Effectiveness, Tolerability And Compliance Of Schizophrenic Patients Under Treatment With Oral Atypical Antipsychotics Or Long-Acting Injectable Risperidone In Daily Routine
Authors: Schreiner A. , Ibach B. , Hargarter L. , Diekamp B. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionThis study assessed treatment compliance, effectiveness, tolerability and safety of oral second generation antipsychotics (oSGA) versus long-acting injectable risperidone (RLAI).MethodsNon-interventional, 24-month study (RIS-SCH-4057) in schizophrenic patients (ICD-10 F20.x; CGI≤5) with monotherapy of oSGA (amisulpride, aripiprazole, olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone, or risperidone) or RLAI.ResultsInterim analysis after 12 months including 300 RLAI and 159 oSGA patients (ITT; m/f 48%/52%; age 42.1±11.5 years; mean disease duration 8.8±8.1 years). PANSS, CGI-C and SWN-K significantly improved in both groups (p< 0.001; no between-group differences). Compliance to study medication was 75-100% in >70% of both groups. In RLAI vs. oSGA patients retention rates were higher (54.0% vs. 43.3%; p=0.0542), retention time was 277±11 vs. 254±13 days (p=0.0995), relapse rate/patient/year was 0.15 vs. 0.21 and time to first relapse was 309±7 vs. 290±10 days (p=0.0485). Adverse events (AEs) were reported in 69.0% RLAI vs. 76.1% oSGA patients, serious AEs in 19.7% vs. 19.5%. One RLAI patient died with no causal relationship to study medication. Most common AEs at least possibly related to the study medication in RLAI vs. oSGA patients were fatigue (12.7% vs. 16.4%), disturbance in attention (12.7% vs. 13.8%), dry mouth (13.0% vs. 13.2%), weight increase (11.0% vs. 10.1%), and EPS (3.0% vs. 2.5%). 6.0% RLAI and 6.9% oSGA patients had serious AEs at least possibly related to the study medication.ConclusionsThe trend of these data towards lower relapse rates and longer retention with RLAI vs. oSGA indicates that RLAI therapy may help patients effectively to achieve better long-term outcomes.
PW01-182 - Evidence For Association Of Akt1 Gene Variants With Both Schizophrenia And Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Karege F. , Schürhoff F. , Perroud N. , Méary A. , Leboyer M. , Malafosse A. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesAkt1 gene has been associated with genetic etiology of schizophrenia (SCZ). SNPs and haplotypes with significant association were identified in different ethnic schizophrenia. In bipolar disorder (BD), these variants have not been studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the Akt variants both in SCZ and BD. We wished to determine whether the two disorders show similar patterns of association.MethodsThis case-control study included 788 subjects: 384 unrelated SCZ; 130 unrelated BD, and 274 unrelated healthy controls (HC) for six SNPs of the Akt1 gene located at the region spanning 36.9 kb. Genotyping was achieved with the HRM method and primers were designed by Primer3. Genotypic, allelic and haplotypic distribution between SCZ, BD and HC population were evaluated. Analyses were performed with Plink v.1.06.ResultsThe analysis identified a significant global distortion in SCZ (p< 0.0005) and a weak association in BD (p< 0.01). A four-SNP haplotype (TCGA) showed a significant association with SCZ (p< 0.0007) and BD (p< 0.006). This haplotype include the Emamian et al's core haplotype (3-SNP 2/3/4/, TCG). Intrestingly, SCZ and BD share this distorted haplotype. Other multi-SNP haplotypes also showed significant association with both diseases. No distortion was observed between SCZ and BD population, and when SCZ and BD were combined, the global p-value improved (p< 0.00005).ConclusionsOur findings support the role of Akt1 in genetics of both SCZ and BD. The established association in both populations are consistent with the overlap model of theses nosologies.
PW01-184 - An Overview Of The Demobinc Project And Development Of The Quality Indicator For Rehabilitative Care (Quirc)
Authors: Killaspy H. , Taylor T. , King M. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveTo develop a toolkit (QuIRC) for assessing the living conditions, care and human rights of people with long term mental illness in psychiatric and social care facilities.MethodsThe QuIRC was developed by research partners across ten countries: UK; Germany; Spain; Czech Republic; Bulgaria; Italy; Netherlands; Poland; Greece and Portugal. Its content was informed by triangulation of the evidence on critical components of care collated from: a review of care standards in each country; an international literature review; and Delphi exercises with service users, carers, advocates and mental health professionals in each country. Its final format was agreed by an international panel of rehabilitation and recovery experts.ResultsThe toolkit includes 154 questions which assess seven domains of care provided in units for people with longer term mental health problems (living environment; therapeutic environment; treatments and interventions; self-management and autonomy; social inclusion; human rights; Recovery-orientated practice). It is completed by a senior clinician and takes around 90 minutes. Domain ratings can be used to assess and review the quality of care provided locally, regionally, nationally and internationally. A web-based version is under development that provides the unit with a report of its performance on these domains, compared to similar units in the same country. This will increase its accessibility for the review of care standard performance.
PW01-186 - Effects Of Longterm Treatment With Atypical Neuroleptics For Patients With Schizophrenia (Elan): Medication Use, Adherence, Functional Impairment, Quality Of Life
Authors: Laengle G. , Bayer W. , Eschweiler G. , Jäger S. , Pfiffner C. , Weiser P. , Croissant D. , Kilian R. , Becker T. , Steinert T. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesCollecting prospective data on medication adherence, course of illness, course of treatment, cost effectiveness and quality of life among patients with schizophrenia under the German health system.MethodsThe ELAN study was conducted as a multi-centre, non-interventional observation study. 374 patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (ICD-10 F2) who had been discharged with a medication of quetiapine (N=183), olanzapine (N=91) or risperidone (N=100) were included. Follow-up interviews were conducted after 6,12,18 and 24 months. Applied instruments comprised PANSS, MARS-S, EPS-M, AIMS-S, GAF, ZST and a questionnaire for quality of life.ResultsFor each follow-up, at least 80% of the original sample could be included. After two years, between 39% and 43% of patients continued to take the drug prescribed at discharge. Only between 4% and 7% of patients received no neuroleptic treatment in the last 6 months, respectively. The variety of drugs used increased during the course. Only small differences could be found regarding the defined outcome measures (PANSS, GAF, rehospitalisation rate) and side effects. Changes in medication were mostly due to insufficient efficacy or side effects. Doctor's recommendations had an important influence on patients’ decisions.ConclusionsUnder conditions of routine treatment, medication adherence was much greater and differences between drugs were smaller than reported in randomised controlled clinical trials. Taking into account the low sample selection bias and the small percentage of lost-to-follow-up subjects, this study provides some new insight into routine clinical treatment and outcomes in patients with schizophrenia.
PW01-190 - Left Temporal Lobe Dysfunction In Schizophrenia: A Dichotic Listening Erp Study
Authors: Merlotti E. , Mucci A. , Volpe U. , Vignapiano A. , Corominas Rabassa D. , Romano P. , Galderisi S. 
Published: June 2010

Structural and functional abnormalities of the left hemisphere, often involving the temporal lobe were frequently observed in schizophrenia. However, negative and discrepant findings were also reported. Our study aimed to investigate the presence of lateralized impairment of event-related potentials, recorded during a tonal dichotic listening task, in a group of clinically stabilized patients with schizophrenia.The ERP component N100, related to sensory processing of stimuli and generated in the temporal lobe cortex, was investigated. A passive dichotic listening task was used in order to exclude the effect of attention impairment on the observed ERP abnormalities.Patients with schizophrenia showed a pattern of hemispheric lateralization comparable with that observed in healthy controls. In both groups, dichotic listening inhibited the augmenting pattern of N100 amplitude with increasing tone intensity. However, patients failed to demonstrate the augmenting pattern of the N100 also with monaural tones, over the left temporal leads. This abnormality did not correlate with the severity of psychopathology. A role of antipsychotic treatment was excluded as the N100 showed a normal pattern of amplitude increase over right temporal leads.Our results suggest a state of functional inhibition of the left auditory cortex, akin to that induced by dichotic listening, in subjects with schizophrenia, indipendent of psychopathology or drug therapy.