bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamical chaos and level splitting under the channeling of the high energy positrons in [100] direction of the silicon crystal
Authors: Syshchenko V.V. , Tarnovsky A.I. , Dronik V.I. , Isupov A.Yu. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The motion of charged particles in a crystal in the axial channeling regime can be both regular and chaotic. The chaos in quantum case manifests itself in the statistical properties of the energy levels set. These properties have been studied previously for the electrons channeling along [110] direction of the silicon crystal, in the case when the classical motion was completely chaotic, as well as for the ones channeling along [100] direction, when the classical motion can be both regular and chaotic for the same energy depending on the initial conditions. Here we study the positrons channeling in [100] direction. This case is of special interest due to the substantial tunneling probability between dynamically isolated regular motion domains in the phase space. The interaction of the energy levels via tunneling distinctly changes the level spacing statistics. All transverse motion energy levels as well as corresponding stationary wave functions are computed numerically for the 30 GeV positrons channeling in [100] direction of the silicon crystal. The values of the matrix elements for the tunnel transitions are
extracted
from these data. These results confirm the chaos assistance for the tunneling and the level splitting. These values will be used in the further researches of the quantum chaos manifestations in the channeling phenomenon.
Development of a plastic scintillating optical fibers array dosimeter for radiobiology
Authors: Guerreiro D.R. , Saraiva J.G. , Borges M.J. , Sampaio J.M. , Peralta L. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this work a detector prototype built as an array of
Scintillating Plastic Optical fibers (SPOFs) is presented. The
primary aim of this detector is to improve spatial resolution,
provide real-time dose mapping and a tissue equivalent detector in
radiobiology experiments. Details on the design and construction are
provided along with the initial tests carried out using low-energy
X-ray and electrons from a 90Sr source. Regarding the design
and construction of the detector, the mechanical design of the
irradiation box is presented and the Quality Assurance (QA) the
optical fiber arrays were subjected to is discussed. The QA
measurements show that the alignment of the optical fibers is within
acceptable tolerances for dose readout. After the detector assembly,
correction factors for each fiber were extracted from tests using a
collimated X-ray beam. Special care was taken to ensure that each
fiber is submitted to the same dose. Broad field tests show that the
measurements are reproducible to within 3 %. Potential innovative
features of this system for radiobiological experiments are
discussed as well as the future follow-up of the prototype.
Multi-Blade detector with VMM3a-ASIC-based readout: installation and commissioning at the reflectometer Amor at PSI
Authors: Piscitelli F. , Ghazi Moradi F. , Alves F.S. , Christensen M.J. , Hrivnak J. , Johansson A. , Fissum K. , Lai C.C. , Monera Martinez A. , Pfeiffer D. , Shahu E. , Stahn J. , Svensson P.O. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Multi-Blade (MB) Boron-10-based neutron detector is the chosen technology for three instruments at the European Spallation Source (ESS): the two ESS reflectometers, ESTIA and FREIA, and the Test Beam Line. A fourth MB detector has been built, installed and commissioned for the user operation of the reflectometer Amor at PSI (Switzerland).
Amor can be considered a downscaled version of the ESS reflectometer ESTIA. They are based on the same Selene guide concept, optimized for performing focusing reflectometry on small samples. The experience gained at Amor is invaluable for the future deployment of the MB detector at the ESS. This manuscript describes the MB detector construction and installation at Amor along with the readout electronics chain based on the VMM3a ASIC. The readout chain deployed at Amor is equivalent of that of the ESS, including the readout master module (RMM), event-formation-units (EFUs), Kafka, FileWriter and live visualisation tools.
A new track finding algorithm based on a multi-dimensional extension of the Hough Transform
Authors: Ristori Luciano 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We introduce a new pattern recognition algorithm for track finding in High Energy Physics
Experiments based on an extension of the Hough Transform to multiple dimensions. A remarkable
property of this algorithm is that the execution time is simply proportional to the total number
of the hits to be processed, making it particularly attractive for high occupancy situations. The
algorithm needs to be trained using a sufficiently large set of simulated tracks. The same
track finding algorithm can be used for very different detector geometries and only the set of
simulated tracks used for training needs to be changed. The particular structure of the algorithm
also lends itself naturally to parallel hardware implementations which, combined with its
intrinsic flexibility, should provide a most powerful tool for triggering at future colliders.
Nested structure role in the mechanical response of spicule inspired fibers
Authors: Xiao Y , Fani N , Tavangarian F , Peco C 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Euplectella aspergillum marine sponge spicules are renowned for their remarkable strength and toughness. These spicules exhibit a unique concentric layering structure, which contributes to their exceptional mechanical resistance. In this study, finite element method simulations were used to comprehensively investigate the effect of nested cylindrical structures on the mechanical properties of spicules. This investigation leveraged scanning electron microscopy images to guide the computational modeling of the microstructure and the results were validated by three-point bending tests of 3D-printed spicule-inspired structures. The numerical analyses showed that the nested structure of spicules induces stress and strain jumps on the layer interfaces, reducing the load on critical zones of the fiber and increasing its toughness. It was found that this effect shows a tapering enhancement as the number of layers increases, which combines with a threshold related to the 3D-printing manufacturability to suggest a compromise for optimal performance. A comprehensive evaluation of the mechanical properties of these fibers can assist in developing a new generation of bioinspired structures with practical real-world applications.
Stall characteristics of wavy leading-edge airfoil in subsonic and transonic airflows
Authors: Zhao Yongsheng , Zhang Jiang , Dong Jingang , Wu Junfei , Zhou Jian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Based on the bioinspired wavy leading-edge, the stall characteristics of the NACA0012 airfoil are optimized. In this paper, the semicircle plus line segment is used to obtain the wavy leading edge. The aerodynamic forces of the airfoil are measured by a high-precision balance, and the detailed flow features of the airfoil are obtained by the oil flow tests. Then, combined with numerical simulation, the optimization mechanism is obtained. The operating conditions are as follows: Mach number ranging from 0.4 to 0.8, and angle of attack ranging from −4° to 25°. The results show that in high speed airflows, compared with the basic airfoil, the lift coefficient of the wavy leading-edge airfoil does not decrease sharply with the increase of the angle of attack, and the drag coefficient of the wavy leading-edge airfoil is similar to the basic airfoil; among the three types of airfoils studied, the larger wavy leading-edge feature size has better aerodynamic characteristics; combined with the numerical simulation results, it can be seen that the stall mechanism of airfoils varies at different Mach numbers. The wavy leading-edge generate streamwise vortex. The streamwise vortices increase energy transport in the boundary layer. Therefore, the separation zone moves toward the trailing edge of the airfoil, and the stall characteristics of the airfoil are optimized.
Surface dose measurement and comparison between TLD and OSLD during modified re constructive mastectomy irradiation
Authors: K E Ratheesh , Krishnan Mayakannan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the major treatment modalities among surgery and chemotherapy for carcinoma breast. The surface dose study of modified reconstructive constructive Mastectomy (MRM) breast is important due to the heterogeneity in the body contour and the conventional treatment angle to save the lungs and heart from the radiation. These angular entries of radiation beam cause an unpredictable dose deposition on the body surface, which has to be monitored. Thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) or optically stimulated luminescent dosimeter (nano OSLD) are commonly preferable dosimeters for this purpose. The surface dose response of TLD and nano OSLD during MRM irradiation has been compared with the predicted dose from the treatment planning system (TPS). The study monitored 100 MRM patients by employing a total 500 dosimeters consisting of TLD (n = 250) and nano OSLD (n = 250), during irradiation from an Elekta Versa HD 6 MV Linear accelerator. The study observed a variance of 3.9% in the dose measurements for TLD and 3.2% for nano OSLD from the planned surface dose, with a median percentage dose of 44.02 for nano OSLD and 40.30 for TLD (p value 0.01). There was no discernible evidence of variation in dose measurements attributable to differences in field size or from patient to patient. Additionally, no variation was observed in dose measurements when comparing the placement of the dosimeter from central to off-centre positions. In comparison, a minor difference in dose measurements were noted between TLD and nano OSLD, The study’s outcomes support the applicability of both TLD and nano OSLD as effective dosimeters during MRM breast irradiation for surface dose evaluation.
Effect of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring on Adherence and Blood Pressure: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Halvorsen Lene V , Søraas Camilla L , Larstorp Anne Cecilie K , Hjørnholm Ulla , Kjær Vibeke N , Liestøl Knut , Aune Arleen , Olsen Eirik , Brobak Karl Marius , Bergland Ola U , Rognstad Stine , Aarskog Nikolai R , Heimark Sondre , Fadl Elmula Fadl Elmula M , Gerdts Eva , Mo Rune , Solbu Marit D , Opdal Mimi S , Kjeldsen Sverre E , Rostrup Morten , Høieggen Aud 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Drug concentration in blood or urine is an acknowledged method to detect nonadherence. Observational studies suggest that informing patients about low or absent serum drug levels improves blood pressure (BP). We performed a multicenter randomized clinical trial to test the hypothesis that therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) could improve drug adherence and BP in patients with uncontrolled hypertension (HT).

METHODS
Patients were ≥18 years on stable treatment with at least 2 antihypertensive agents. We planned to randomize 80 nonadherent patients with a systolic daytime ambulatory BP ≥135 mm Hg to TDM intervention or not. The control group and the study personnel who measured BP remained uninformed about serum drug measurements throughout. All patients and physicians were blinded for BPs. Lifestyle advice and detailed information on the disease process and the importance of BP treatment were given to both groups.

RESULTS
From 2017 to 2022, we randomized 46 diagnosed nonadherent from a total of 606 patients with uncontrolled HT. The TDM group had a 6.7 (±14.5) mm Hg reduction from 147.9 (±10.3) to 141.1 (±14.1) mm Hg, and the control group experienced a 7.3 (±13.2) mm Hg reduction from 147.1 (±9.2) to 139.1 (±17.4) mm Hg, P = 0.9 between groups. Adherence improved in both groups, 73% in the TDM group and 59% in the control group became adherent at 3 months, P = 0.51.

CONCLUSIONS
In our prospective multicenter clinical trial of uncontrolled and nonadherent hypertensive patients, we found no additional effect of TDM on BP and drug adherence compared with standard care.

CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION
Trial Number NCT03209154, www.clinicaltrials.gov.
Interpretation of 10 years of Alzheimer’s disease genetic findings in the perspective of statistical heterogeneity
Authors: Gao Shan , Wang Tao , Han Zhifa , Hu Yang , Zhu Ping , Xue Yanli , Huang Chen , Chen Yan , Liu Guiyou 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Common genetic variants and susceptibility loci associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have been discovered through large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS), GWAS by proxy (GWAX) and meta-analysis of GWAS and GWAX (GWAS+GWAX). However, due to the very low repeatability of AD susceptibility loci and the low heritability of AD, these AD genetic findings have been questioned. We summarize AD genetic findings from the past 10 years and provide a new interpretation of these findings in the context of statistical heterogeneity. We discovered that only 17% of AD risk loci demonstrated reproducibility with a genome-wide significance of P &lt; 5.00E-08 across all AD GWAS and GWAS+GWAX datasets. We highlighted that the AD GWAS+GWAX with the largest sample size failed to identify the most significant signals, the maximum number of genome-wide significant genetic variants or maximum heritability. Additionally, we identified widespread statistical heterogeneity in AD GWAS+GWAX datasets, but not in AD GWAS datasets. We consider that statistical heterogeneity may have attenuated the statistical power in AD GWAS+GWAX and may contribute to explaining the low repeatability (17%) of genome-wide significant AD susceptibility loci and the decreased AD heritability (40–2%) as the sample size increased. Importantly, evidence supports the idea that a decrease in statistical heterogeneity facilitates the identification of genome-wide significant genetic loci and contributes to an increase in AD heritability. Collectively, current AD GWAX and GWAS+GWAX findings should be meticulously assessed and warrant additional investigation, and AD GWAS+GWAX should employ multiple meta-analysis methods, such as random-effects inverse variance-weighted meta-analysis, which is designed specifically for statistical heterogeneity.
Imaging the dynamics of murine uterine contractions in early pregnancy
Authors: Dawson Madeline , Flores Diana , Zou Lisa , Anandasenthil Shivani , Mahesh Rohit , Zavala-Romero Olmo , Arora Ripla 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Uterine muscle contractility is essential for reproductive processes including sperm and embryo transport, and during the uterine cycle to remove menstrual effluent. Even still, uterine contractions have primarily been studied in the context of preterm labor. This is partly due to a lack of methods for studying the uterine muscle contractility in the intact organ. Here, we describe an imaging-based method to evaluate mouse uterine contractility of both the longitudinal and circular muscles in the cycling stages and in early pregnancy. By transforming the image-based data into three-dimensional spatiotemporal contractility maps, we calculate waveform characteristics of muscle contractions, including amplitude, frequency, wavelength, and velocity. We report that the native organ is highly contractile during the progesterone-dominant diestrus stage of the cycle when compared to the estrogen-dominant proestrus and estrus stages. We also observed that during the first phase of uterine embryo movement when clustered embryos move toward the middle of the uterine horn, contractions are dynamic and non-uniform between different segments of the uterine horn. In the second phase of embryo movement, contractions are more uniform and rhythmic throughout the uterine horn. Finally, in Lpar3−/− uteri, which display faster embryo movement, we observe global and regional increases in contractility. Our method provides a means to understand the wave characteristics of uterine smooth muscle in response to modulators and in genetic mutants. Better understanding uterine contractility in the early pregnancy stages is critical for the advancement of artificial reproductive technologies and a possibility of modulating embryo movement during clinical embryo transfers.
Living liminally: how Korean women cope with the rise of anti-Asian violence in the United States as racialized, gendered, and liminal beings
Authors: Kim Kristin April , Lee Jeehyun Jenny 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study delves into the unique identity navigation of Korean women in the US who do not align themselves with the broader Asian American label as they make sense of and respond to targeted violence against Asian women. In-depth interviews reveal the interplay of racialization and gendering that these women contend with, as well as the nuanced strategies they adopt to align or disalign themselves from ascribed identities in the wake of such violence. Findings highlight the inadequacies of U.S.-centric racial paradigms in capturing the intricacies of these liminal identities; by illuminating alternative ways of being within liminal spaces, this study offers insights into their transformative journeys and broader implications for race and gender discourse in America.
DIRMC: a database of immunotherapy-related molecular characteristics
Authors: Liu Yue , Zhou Yuhuan , Hu Xiumei , Le-Ge Wuri , Wang Haoyan , Jiang Tao , Li Junyi , Hu Yang , Wang Yadong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has brought about a revolutionary breakthrough in the field of cancer treatment. Immunotherapy has changed the treatment landscape for a variety of solid and hematologic malignancies. To assist researchers in efficiently uncovering valuable information related to cancer immunotherapy, we have presented a manually curated comprehensive database called DIRMC, which focuses on molecular features involved in cancer immunotherapy. All the content was collected manually from published literature, authoritative clinical trial data submitted by clinicians, some databases for drug target prediction such as DrugBank, and some experimentally confirmed high-throughput data sets for the characterization of immune-related molecular interactions in cancer, such as a curated database of T-cell receptor sequences with known antigen specificity (VDJdb), a pathology-associated TCR database (McPAS-TCR) et al. By constructing a fully connected functional network, ranging from cancer-related gene mutations to target genes to translated target proteins to protein regions or sites that may specifically affect protein function, we aim to comprehensively characterize molecular features related to cancer immunotherapy. We have developed the scoring criteria to assess the reliability of each MHC–peptide–T-cell receptor (TCR) interaction item to provide a reference for users. The database provides a user-friendly interface to browse and retrieve data by genes, target proteins, diseases and more. DIRMC also provides a download and submission page for researchers to access data of interest for further investigation or submit new interactions related to cancer immunotherapy targets. Furthermore, DIRMC provides a graphical interface to help users predict the binding affinity between their own peptide of interest and MHC or TCR. This database will provide researchers with a one-stop resource to understand cancer immunotherapy-related targets as well as data on MHC–peptide–TCR interactions. It aims to offer reliable molecular characteristics support for both the analysis of the current status of cancer immunotherapy and the development of new immunotherapy. DIRMC is available at http://www.dirmc.tech/.
Database URL: http://www.dirmc.tech/
Global, regional, and national burden of atrial fibrillation/flutter related to metabolic risks over three decades: estimates from the global burden of disease study 2019
Authors: Jiang Xi , Ling Jianen , Xiong Qingsong , Chen Weijie , Zou Lili , Ling Zhiyu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aims
Atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (AF/AFL) remains a significant public health concern on a global scale, with metabolic risks playing an increasingly prominent role. This study aimed to investigate comprehensive epidemiological data and trends concerning the metabolic risks related-AF/AFL burden based on the data from the Global Burden of Disease study in 2019.

Methods and Results
The analysis of disease burden focused on numbers, age-standardized rates of deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and estimated annual percentage change, while considering factors of age, sex, sociodemographic index (SDI), and locations. In 2019, there was a culmination of 137 179 deaths and 4 099 146 DALYs caused by metabolic risks related-AF/AFL worldwide, with an increase of 162.95% and 120.30%, respectively from 1990. High and high-middle SDI regions predominantly carried the burden of AF/AFL associated with metabolic risks, while a shift towards lower SDI regions had been occurring. Montenegro had the highest recorded death rate (7.6 per 100 000) and DALYs rate (146.3 per 100 000). An asymmetrically inverted V-shaped correlation was found between SDI and deaths/DALYs rates. Moreover, females and the elderly exhibited higher AF/AFL burdens, and young adults (over 40 years old) also experienced an annual increase.

Conclusion
The global AF/AFL burden related to metabolic risks has significantly increased over the past three decades, with considerable spatiotemporal, gender-based, and age-related heterogeneity. These findings shed valuable light on the trends in the burden of metabolic risks related-AF/AFL and offered insights into corresponding strategies.
Middle-Aged and Older Adult Employment and the Perceived Risk of Running Out of Money During COVID-19: A Dynamic Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Sharma Andy 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives
The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) adversely affected the health of middle-aged and older adults and altered their economic outlook. Several national polls revealed older adults felt stress about money and many reported difficulties in paying expenses during 2021. Although such descriptive reports have raised awareness, peer-reviewed studies utilizing panel data can offer additional insight. As such, the purpose of this study was to contribute to this growing literature by examining the demographic, economic, and health factors associated with employment and the perceived risk of running out of money for middle-aged and older adults during the pandemic.

Research Design and Methods
This study utilized the April–May 2020, April–May 2021, and March 2022 waves of the Understanding America Study. Next, a dynamic panel data model was formulated to account for reverse causality and unobserved heterogeneity with a sample of 2,302 adults between the ages of 50 and 74.

Results
Employment (−2.77, p &lt; .05) was negatively associated with the perceived risk of running out of money. Male, higher education levels, currently married, and health insurance status also exhibited a negative association. Meanwhile, a positive association was found for non-White (6.79, p &lt; .01).

Discussion and Implications
Financial well-being is an important consideration in later life and what role employment played during the COVID-19 pandemic is a worthwhile examination. A better understanding of which factors may be associated with the perceived risk of running out of money during the pandemic can be useful when devising policies which address financial security for middle-aged and older adults.