bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overpopulation discourse: A feminist and necropolitical approach from the Global South
Authors: De Luca Zuria Ana 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis work examines the flawed narrative linking ecological crises to overpopulation, with a focus on its impact on women in the Global South. The paper argues that this perspective enables control over women's bodies under the pretence of environmental concern, aligning with necropolitics and a new form of eugenics. It calls for a nuanced understanding of the effects of environmental crisis on women, advocating for a human‐centred approach that elevates the experiences and rights of historically marginalized groups. The discussion includes a critical analysis of the Malthusian discourse, highlighting alternative views on food scarcity and the problematic nature of family planning initiatives. The paper promotes reproductive environmental justice, challenging the overpopulation narrative and underscoring the need for equitable and respectful solutions that support the rights and well‐being of women in the Global South.
Analysis of trends in radiofrequency ablation in a tertiary care center practice
Authors: Fullerton Zoë , Butler Santino S. , Noel Julia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundRadiofrequency ablation (RFA) for thyroid nodules has recently been introduced into the United States healthcare system landscape. Little is known about the process of incorporating this procedure into existing clinical practice.MethodsA retrospective chart review of a single institution was conducted to examine referral patterns and decision‐making after the introduction of RFA into an endocrine surgery‐focused practice. Patient demographics and thyroid‐specific data were recorded. Two reviewers abstracted and coded reasons for the noncompletion of RFA. Two‐sample t tests were used to compare groups; linear regression was used to assess trends and practice patterns.ResultsChart review identified 451 patients referred for consideration of RFA from January 2020 to December 2022. Only 255 (56.5%) went on to receive the treatment. There was no significant difference in nodule volume between treated and nontreated groups (18.5 vs. 14.9 cm3, p = 0.07). Concern for malignancy on genetic testing, size (too large/too small), recommendation for Ethanol ablation, and multinodular disease without target nodules were the most common reasons for physician deferral. Of patients who declined to proceed, 46% opted to undergo surgical excision. Linear regression showed that referral numbers significantly increased with time; however, the proportion of patients receiving treatment decreased yearly, primarily because of higher rates of physician deferral.ConclusionsThis study reflects the complex decision‐making in offering minimally invasive thyroid nodule ablation. Despite a greater number of referrals over time, physician criteria became increasingly selective. Optimal candidacy in RFA is an evolving determination requiring patient and physician input to guide ideal practice patterns.
The romantic relationships of adopted adolescents
Authors: Paniagua Carmen , Sánchez‐Queija Inmaculada , Moreno Carmen , Rivera Francisco 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionThere is a gap in the literature on the romantic relationships of adopted adolescents. To address this issue, the present study has three aims: (1) to explore differences between adopted and non‐adopted adolescents in terms of their involvement in and the length of their romantic relationships; (2) to explore the quality of these relationships; and (3) to analyze associations between affective relationships and well‐being in both groups.MethodThe sample comprised 276 adopted (64.5% girls; mean age 16.3 years, 73.9% international adoptees) and 276 non‐adopted (48.3% girls; mean age 16.3 years) adolescents, all of whom participated in the Spanish Health Behaviour in School‐aged Children survey.ResultsSimilar romantic relationship rates and lengths were found among adoptees and non‐adoptees, as well as between international and domestic adoptees. Adoptees reported more emotional support and conflicts in their romantic relationships than their non‐adopted peers. Finally, associations between the quality of the romantic relationships and well‐being were similar for both groups, with more conflicts being linked to lower levels of well‐being, and more emotional support and affection correlating with higher levels of well‐being.DiscussionThe data suggest more similarities than differences between adopted and non‐adopted adolescents. However, although this indicates that romantic relationships are yet another example of recovery for adopted boys and girls, further research is required, with larger and more diverse samples from multiple countries, to explore the differences observed in more detail.
Mathematical modeling of the drying and oil extraction processes of passion fruit seeds using fractional calculus
Authors: Raimundini Aranha Ana Caroline , Oliveira Defendi Rafael , Sérgi Gomes Maria Carolina , Sipoli Caroline Casagrande , Nardino Danielli Andrea , Oliveira Vitor Viganô , Rosalém Marcelo de Jesus Corte , Suzuki Rúbia Michele 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis article aims to fit kinetic models of the passion fruit seed drying process, in addition to mathematical modeling using traditional models and fractional calculus of the extraction of lipids from the seeds.RESULTSRegarding the drying process, it was found that the model that best suited the two drying temperatures employed was the fractional order one.CONCLUSIONAnalysis showed that for both drying conditions the value of parameter α was greater than 1, indicating that the profile that occurs for the seeds is superdiffusion. Regarding the mathematical fits of oil extraction, it was found that the two models that presented the best fits for the lipid extraction kinetics were hyperbolic and fractional order. Regarding the fractional order model, as the value of parameter α was lower than 1, it can be seen that the process again does not follow Fick's law, and in this case a subdiffusion process occurs. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Evaluating effectiveness of cadaveric arthroscopic training for orthopaedic residents: A comparison of joints and training levels
Authors: Chuang Hao‐Chun , Kuan Fa‐Chuan , Su Wei‐Ren , Shih Chien‐An , Chiang Chen‐Hao , Ko Po‐Yen , Hong Chih‐Kai , Chen Yueh , Hsu Kai‐Lan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to evaluate the effects and interactions of training level and different joints on the outcomes of cadaveric arthroscopic training courses for orthopaedic residents.MethodsThis prospective study enrolled 16 orthopaedic residents who voluntarily participated in a cadaveric training programme involving the shoulder, elbow, wrist, knee and ankle joints. Outcomes were quantitatively assessed using task‐specific checklists and the Arthroscopic Surgery Skill Evaluation Tool. Two‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to determine the significance of the interactions between joint and years of training.ResultsResident scores significantly increased after the dedicated lectures in all five joints (p = 0.003 for the shoulder module, p < 0.001 for the other joints). Two‐way ANOVA revealed that the progress made after the dedicated lectures was significantly impacted by the joint (p = 0.006) and training level × joint interaction (p = 0.005) but not by the training level (p = 0.47). The simple effect of the joint was examined using Sidak's multiple comparison test. Among junior residents, the dedicated lectures resulted in more substantial progress in elbow and wrist arthroscopy when compared to shoulder arthroscopy (p = 0.020 and p = 0.043, respectively).ConclusionsThe results suggest that, in cadaveric arthroscopic training courses for orthopaedic residents, training outcomes are primarily impacted by the specific joint being trained rather than the training level. Specifically, junior residents demonstrated greater improvement with training in procedures that are less commonly encountered during on‐the‐job training, such as elbow and wrist arthroscopy.Clinical RelevanceThese findings suggest the need to prioritise wrist and elbow arthroscopic training for junior residents to optimise educational outcomes.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Intraspecific variation in thermal performance curves for early development in Fundulus heteroclitus
Authors: Blanchard Tessa S. , Earhart Madison L. , Shatsky Ariel K. , Schulte Patricia M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThermal performance curves (TPCs) provide a framework for understanding the effects of temperature on ectotherm performance and fitness. TPCs are often used to test hypotheses regarding local adaptation to temperature or to develop predictions for how organisms will respond to climate warming. However, for aquatic organisms such as fishes, most TPCs have been estimated for adult life stages, and little is known about the shape of TPCs or the potential for thermal adaptation at sensitive embryonic life stages. To examine how latitudinal gradients shape TPCs at early life stages in fishes, we used two populations of Fundulus heteroclitus that have been shown to exhibit latitudinal variation along the thermal cline as adults. We exposed embryos from both northern and southern populations and their reciprocal crosses to eight different temperatures (15°C, 18°C, 21°C, 24°C, 27°C, 30°C, 33°C, and 36°C) until hatch and examined the effects of developmental temperature on embryonic and larval traits (shape of TPCs, heart rate, and body size). We found that the pure southern embryos had a right‐shifted TPC (higher thermal optimum (Topt) for developmental rate, survival, and embryonic growth rate) whereas pure northern embryos had a vertically shifted TPC (higher maximum performance (Pmax) for developmental rate). Differences across larval traits and cross‐type were also found, such that northern crosses hatched faster and hatched at a smaller size compared to the pure southern population. Overall, these observed differences in embryonic and larval traits are consistent with patterns of both local adaptation and countergradient variation.
Improving outcomes of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in primary care with Chronic Care Model: A narrative review
Authors: Al‐Qahtani Arwa Ahmed 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDesigned and implemented over two decades ago, the Chronic Care Model is a well‐established chronic disease management framework that has steered several healthcare systems in successfully improving the clinical outcomes of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Research evidence cements the role of the Chronic Care Model (with its six key elements of organization of healthcare delivery system, self‐management support, decision support, delivery system design, clinical information systems, and community resources and policies) as an integrated framework to revamp the type 2 diabetes mellitus‐related clinical practice and care that betters the patient care and clinical outcomes. The current review is an evidence‐lit summary of importance of use of Chronic Care Model in primary care and their impact on clinical outcomes for patients afflicted with one of the most debilitating metabolic diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Evaluation of the characteristics of Indian summer monsoon simulated by CMIP6 models
Authors: Saha Manali , Singh Charu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe present research is aimed at evaluating the climate coupled models with respect to the observational datasets for the investigation of the characteristics of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM). The monthly averaged historical simulations from 12 coupled climate models that participated in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) are compared with the ground based observational data, satellite and reanalysis datasets for the study period of 1980–2014. This study uses these high‐resolution models to investigate monsoon features, onset and withdrawal dates, primarily focusing on individual model performances rather than highly documented multi‐model mean performance. Performance evaluation of the models suggests that sea surface temperature (SST) simulations by the models are in better agreement for the Arabian Sea than the Bay of Bengal with respect to the ERA5 reanalysis data sets. Further, inter‐model differences amongst the CMIP6 models in estimating the spatial distribution of various monsoon system variables during pre‐monsoon and monsoon seasons are noted which may be attributed to the different model components and varying physics configuration, nonetheless, models like NESM3 and INM‐CN5 are able to reproduce ISM pattern reasonably well. The annual precipitation cycle demonstrates a good agreement between most climate models and IMD data. Evolution of tropospheric temperature gradient (ΔTT) estimated from the CMIP6 models mimics the temporal pattern of the annual rainfall and therefore, is used to estimate the onset and withdrawal dates from CMIP6 models; however, high variability is noted amongst the CMIP6 models in retrieving the onset and withdrawal dates when compared with the IMD observations. Most of the models show a shorter rainy season except NorESM2‐MM. Overall our results suggest that the CMIP6 models can be used for the seasonal mean evaluation of monsoon system parameters and process‐based studies to improve our present understanding of the ISM system.
Interdecadal variations in the interannual relationship between winter tropical Pacific SST and subsequent summer Arctic sea ice in early 2000s
Authors: Gu Jitai , Zeng Gang , Yang Xiaoye , Datti Aminu Dalhatu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe present study investigates the interdecadal change in the interannual relationship between winter sea surface temperature (SST) in the tropical central‐eastern Pacific and the subsequent summer Arctic sea ice concentration (SIC) and its possible mechanism using 1979–2023 monthly SST and SIC data from Hadley Center and atmospheric reanalysis data from NCEP/NCAR. It is found that the relationship between the winter tropical Pacific SST and the subsequent summer SIC of Beaufort Sea experienced an obvious interdecadal change from a significant negative correlation to a weak and insignificant correlation before and after the early 2000s, respectively. Before the early 2000s, when winter SST warming (cooling) anomalies occurred in the central and eastern tropical Pacific, it could sustain into summer and enhance a Rossby wave propagating from Tropic to high latitude, forming negative (positive) pressure anomalies in the North Pacific. Influenced by such anomalies, it is conducive to maintaining negative (positive) SST anomalies in the North Pacific from winter to subsequent summer. The summer SST cooling (warming) in the North Pacific could form a favourable atmospheric circulation anomaly for less (more) SIC. In contrast, after the early 21st century, the strong SST anomalies in winter over the eastern tropical Pacific would weaken with time and subsequently diminish in spring, leading to the SST anomalies in the North Pacific persist to spring, which can hardly affect summer SIC anomaly in the Beaufort Sea. Therefore, the relationship collapses after the the early 2000s due to the weakened persistence of the eastern tropical Pacific SST anomaly.
POSTN Regulates Fibroblast Proliferation and Migration in Laryngotracheal Stenosis Through the TGF‐β/RHOA Pathway
Authors: She Zhiqiang , Chen Huiying , Lin Xiaoyu , Li Chao , Su Jiping 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesTo investigate the role of periostin (POSTN) and the transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β) pathway in the formation of laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) scar fibrosis and to explore the specific signaling mechanism of POSTN‐regulated TGF‐β pathway in tracheal fibroblasts.MethodsBioinformatics analysis was performed on scar data sets from the GEO database to preliminarily analyze the involvement of POSTN and TGF‐β pathways in fibrosis diseases. Expression of POSTN and TGF‐β pathway‐related molecules was analyzed in LTS scar tissue at the mRNA and protein levels. The effect of POSTN on the biological behavior of tracheal fibroblasts was studied using plasmid DNA overexpression and siRNA silencing techniques to regulate POSTN expression and observe the activation of TGF‐β1 and the regulation of cell proliferation and migration via the TGF‐β/RHOA pathway.ResultsThe bioinformatics analysis revealed that POSTN and the TGF‐β pathway are significantly involved in fibrosis diseases. High expression of POSTN and TGF‐β/RHOA pathway‐related molecules (TGFβ1, RHOA, CTGF, and COL1) was observed in LTS tissue at both mRNA and protein levels. In tracheal fibroblasts, overexpression or silencing of POSTN led to the activation of TGF‐β1 and regulation of cell proliferation and migration through the TGF‐β/RHOA pathway.ConclusionPOSTN is a key molecule in scar formation in LTS, and it regulates the TGF‐β/RHOA pathway to mediate the formation of cicatricial LTS by acting on TGF‐β1. This study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying LTS and suggests potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of this condition.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 134:4078–4087, 2024
Compression deformation characteristics and mechanisms study of multi‐layer structures with triply periodic minimal surfaces
Authors: Wang Yu , Hao Xin , Liu Erqiang , Xiao Gesheng , Lin Jinbao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTriply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) and honeycomb structures are typical representatives of porous structures. In this paper, multi‐layer structures based on the combination of P‐surfaces and honeycomb structures are fabricated and the compression deformation characteristics are investigated based on quasi‐static compression tests and finite element simulation. The results show that the established finite element model can better simulate the deformation and damage modes of the multi‐layer structure, and the multi‐layer structure exhibits layer‐by‐layer deformation and sequential compression collapse in the deformation process. The tensile stress is crucial in the deformation and damage process of the P‐structure layer. The honeycomb structure layers show two different deformation modes: the inverted bell‐shaped “upward extrusion” and the bell‐shaped “downward extrusion.”
Proteoglycans in mechanobiology of tissues and organs: Normal functions and mechanopathology
Authors: Farach‐Carson Mary C. , Wu Danielle , França Cristiane Miranda 
Published: May 2024

AbstractProteoglycans (PGs) are a diverse class of glycoconjugates that serve critical functions in normal mechanobiology and mechanopathology. Both the protein cores and attached glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains function in mechanically sensitive processes, and loss of either can contribute to development of pathological conditions. PGs function as key components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), where they can serve as mechanosensors in mechanosensitive tissues including bone, cartilage, tendon, blood vessels, and soft organs. The mechanical properties of these tissues depend on the presence and function of PGs, which play important roles in tissue elasticity, osmolarity, and pressure sensing, and response to physical activity. Tissue responses depend on cell surface mechanoreceptors that include integrins, CD44, voltage‐sensitive ion channels, transient receptor potential, and piezo channels. PGs contribute to cell and molecular interplay in wound healing, fibrosis, and cancer, where they transduce the mechanical properties of the ECM and influence the progression of various context‐specific conditions and diseases. The PGs that are most important in mechanobiology vary depending on the tissue and its functions and functional needs. Perlecan, for example, is important in the mechanobiology of basement membranes, cardiac muscle, and skeletal muscle, while aggrecan plays a primary role in the mechanical properties of cartilage and joints. A variety of techniques have been used to study the mechanobiology of PGs, including atomic force microscopy, mouse knockout models, and in vitro cell culture experiments with three‐dimensional organoid models. These studies have helped to elucidate the tissue‐specific roles that PGs play in cell‐level mechanosensing and tissue mechanics. Overall, the study of PGs in mechanobiology is yielding fundamental new concepts in the molecular basis of mechanosensing that can open the door to the development of new treatments for a host of conditions related to mechanopathology.
AAPM&R consensus guidance on spasticity assessment and management
Authors: Verduzco‐Gutierrez Monica , Raghavan Preeti , Pruente Jessica , Moon Daniel , List Cassandra M. , Hornyak Joseph Edward , Gul Fatma , Deshpande Supreet , Biffl Susan , Al Lawati Zainab , Alfaro Abraham 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (AAPM&R) conducted a comprehensive review in 2021 to identify opportunities for enhancing the care of adult and pediatric patients with spasticity. A technical expert panel (TEP) was convened to develop consensus‐based practice recommendations aimed at addressing gaps in spasticity care.ObjectiveTo develop consensus‐based practice recommendations to identify and address gaps in spasticity care.MethodsThe Spasticity TEP engaged in a 16‐month virtual meeting process, focusing on formulating search terms, refining research questions, and conducting a structured evidence review. Evidence quality was assessed by the AAPM&R Evidence, Quality and Performance Committee (EQPC), and a modified Delphi process was employed to achieve consensus on recommendation statements and evidence grading. The Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT) guided the rating of individual studies and the strength of recommendations.ResultsThe TEP approved five recommendations for spasticity management and five best practices for assessment and management, with one recommendation unable to be graded due to evidence limitations. Best practices were defined as widely accepted components of care, while recommendations required structured evidence reviews and grading. The consensus guidance statement represents current best practices and evidence‐based treatment options, intended for use by PM&R physicians caring for patients with spasticity.ConclusionThis consensus guidance provides clinicians with practical recommendations for spasticity assessment and management based on the best available evidence and expert opinion. Clinical judgment should be exercised, and recommendations tailored to individual patient needs, preferences, and risk profiles. The accompanying table summarizes the best practice recommendations for spasticity assessment and management, reflecting principles with little controversy in care delivery.