bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant capacity and peptidomic analysis of in vitro digested Camelina sativa L. Crantz and Cynara cardunculus co-products
Authors: Lanzoni Davide , Grassi Scalvini Francesca , Petrosillo Elena , Nonnis Simona , Tedeschi Gabriella , Savoini Giovanni , Buccioni Arianna , Invernizzi Guido , Baldi Antonella , Giromini Carlotta 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn recent decades, the food system has been faced with the significant problem of increasing food waste. Therefore, the feed industry, supported by scientific research, is attempting to valorise the use of discarded biomass as co-products for the livestock sector, in line with EU objectives. In parallel, the search for functional products that can ensure animal health and performances is a common fundamental goal for both animal husbandry and feeding. In this context, camelina cake (CAMC), cardoon cake (CC) and cardoon meal (CM), due valuable nutritional profile, represent prospective alternatives. Therefore, the aim of this work was to investigate the antioxidant activity of CAMC, CC and CM following in vitro digestion using 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays. Total phenolic content (TPC) and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity, actively involved in modulating antioxidant properties, were also studied. Further, a peptidomic analysis was adopted to substantiate the presence of bioactive peptides after in vitro digestion. The results obtained confirmed an interesting nutritional profile of CAMC, CC and CM and relevant antioxidant and ACE inhibitory activities. In particular, considering antioxidant profile, CM and CC revealed a significantly higher (10969.80 ± 18.93 mg TE/100 g and 10451.40 ± 149.17 mg TE/100 g, respectively; p < 0.05) ABTS value than CAMC (9511.18 ± 315.29 mg TE/100 g); a trend also confirmed with the FRAP assay (306.74 ± 5.68 mg FeSO4/100 g; 272.84 ± 11.02 mg FeSO4/100 g; 103.84 ± 3.27 mg FeSO4/100 g, for CC, CM and CAMC, respectively). Similar results were obtained for TPC, demonstrating the involvement of phenols in modulating antioxidant activity. Finally, CAMC was found to have a higher ACE inhibitory activity (40.34 ± 10.11%) than the other matrices. Furthermore, potentially bioactive peptides associated with ACE inhibitory, anti-hypertensive, anti-cancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, antithrombotic, DPP-IV inhibitory and PEP-inhibitory activities were identified in CAMC. This profile was broader than that of CC and CM. The presence of such peptides corroborates the antioxidant and ACE profile of the sample. Although the data obtained report the important antioxidant profile of CAMC, CC, and CM and support their possible use, future investigations, particularly in vivo trials will be critical to evaluate and further investigate their effects on the health and performance of farm animals.
Comparison of tibial fracture plate length, placement, and fibular integrity effects on plate integrity through finite element analysis
Authors: Lee Byung Hoon , Kang Yeokyung , Cho Sung Ha , Moon Myung , Sim Jae Ang , Kim Jungsung 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMinimally invasive plate osteosynthesis is the most commonly used minimally invasive surgery technique for tibial fractures, possibly involving single or dual plate methods. Herein, we performed a finite element analysis to investigate plate strength according to the plate type, length, and presence of a fibula by constructing a three-dimensional tibia model. A thickness of 20 mm was cut 50 mm distal from the lateral plateau, and the ligaments were created. Plates were modeled with lengths of 150, 200, and 250 mm and mounted to the tibia. Screws were arranged to avoid overlapping in the dual plating. The von-Mises stress applied to the plates was measured by applying a load of 1 body weight. Dual plates showed the least stress with low displacement, followed by medial and lateral plates. As the plate length increased, the average stress gradually decreased, increasing plate safety. The difference in the influence of the fibula depending on the presence of proximal fibula osteotomy showed that the average stress increased by 35% following proximal fibula osteotomy in the D1(Plate type: Dual plate, Medial plate length: 150 mm, Lateral plate length: 200 mm, Non Proximal fibula osteotomy) and D1P(Plate type: Dual plate, Medial plate length: 150 mm, Lateral plate length: 200 mm, Proximal fibula osteotomy) models, confirming the necessity of the fibula model. There is no consensus guideline for treatment of this kind of fracture case. A single fracture plate can decrease the risk of skin damage, ligament damage, and wound infection, but because of its design, it cannot provide sufficient stability and satisfactory reduction of the condylar fragment, especially in cases of comminution or coronal fracture. So, these results will help clinicians make an informed choice on which plate to use in patients with tibial fractures.
Synthesis and characterization of aluminosilicate and zinc silicate from sugarcane bagasse fly ash for adsorption of aflatoxin B1
Authors: Niamnuy Chalida , Sungsinchai Sirada , Jarernsamrit Prapaporn , Devahastin Sakamon , Chareonpanich Metta 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSugarcane bagasse fly ash, a residual product resulting from the incineration of biomass to generate power and steam, is rich in SiO2. Sodium silicate is a fundamental material for synthesizing highly porous silica-based adsorbents to serve circular practices. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a significant contaminant in animal feeds, necessitates the integration of adsorbents, crucial for reducing aflatoxin concentrations during the digestive process of animals. This research aimed to synthesize aluminosilicate and zinc silicate derived from sodium silicate based on sugarcane bagasse fly ash, each characterized by a varied molar ratio of aluminum (Al) to silicon (Si) and zinc (Zn) to silicon (Si), respectively. The primary focus of this study was to evaluate their respective capacities for adsorbing AFB1. It was revealed that aluminosilicate exhibited notably superior AFB1 adsorption capabilities compared to zinc silicate and silica. Furthermore, the adsorption efficacy increased with higher molar ratios of Al:Si for aluminosilicate and Zn:Si for zinc silicate. The N2 confirmed AFB1 adsorption within the pores of the adsorbent. In particular, the aluminosilicate variant with a molar ratio of 0.08 (Al:Si) showcased the most substantial AFB1 adsorption capacity, registering at 88.25% after an in vitro intestinal phase. The adsorption ability is directly correlated with the presence of surface acidic sites and negatively charged surfaces. Notably, the kinetics of the adsorption process were best elucidated through the application of the pseudo-second-order model, effectively describing the behavior of both aluminosilicate and zinc silicate in adsorbing AFB1.
Implementation and proficiency analysis of enhanced graph algorithm for DC microgrid applications
Authors: J Mohamed Abdullah , V Sumathi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntegrating renewable energy generation with the conventional grid supports reduces carbon emissions in the atmosphere. Despite technical advancements in protection strategies, critical issues concerning renewable integration in microgrid structures require standardized solutions. The essential aspects that need to be concentrated during securing the grids are rapid fault interruption, false tripping and blinding of protection. This study proposes an innovative approach to enhance fault isolation speed through the implementation of a grid monitoring system (GMS) coupled with a fault identification method based on Kosaraju’s algorithm. This algorithm operates on the principles of overvoltage and overcurrent detection. The study assesses the efficacy of this approach by examining its integration with a Z-source circuit breaker and conducting tests on different fault types within a 13-bus system. Real-time simulations using Opal RT software are employed to experimentally validate the proposed methodology, ensuring its efficacy in fault interruption and isolation.
A new fuzzy method for investigating the effects of dam on aquifer: case study of Rudbal dam, south of Iran
Authors: Moradi Nazarpoor Sajjad , Rezaei Mohsen , Mali Fateme 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDam construction has some qualitative and quantitative effects on groundwater resources. This effect may be in the form of an increasing groundwater table or a changing groundwater system. In this paper, the effect of the Rodbal dam construction on the Darab aquifer was investigated. For this paper water table levels from observation wells and precipitation data was used. The study aims to analyse the behaviour of the water table during precipitation by employing a combination of the standardisation process, Fuzzy Inference System (FIS), and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) calculations. Fuzzy logic involves the fuzzification of input data, transforming precise values into fuzzy sets. The effectiveness of the FIS is highlighted, particularly in determining the number of membership functions for inputs. The performance of the results is assessed using indicators such as RMSE and Coefficient of Determination (R2). The FIS showed a high level of effectiveness in performance assessment, exhibiting a 70% similarity between the fuzzy and Mann–Kendall methods. Nonetheless, the Fuzzy Purpose Method corresponded more closely with the observed data, indicating a more accurate reflection of reality. The findings indicate that for P3, P7, and P8, the results from the Mann–Kendall method do not show a discernible trend. Conversely, the proposed Fuzzy method accounts for changes in the behaviour of these piezometers.
Novel bilayer 2D V2O5 as a potential catalyst for fast photodegradation of organic dyes
Authors: Reshma P. R. , Prasad Arun K. , Dhara Sandip 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTwo-dimensional (2D) materials have recently drawn interest in various applications due to their superior electronic properties, high specific surface area, and surface activity. However, studies on the catalytic properties of the 2D counterpart of V2O5 are scarce. In the present study, the catalytic properties of 2D V2O5 vis-à-vis bulk V2O5 for the degradation of methylene blue dye are discussed for the first time. The 2D V2O5 catalyst was synthesized using a modified chemical exfoliation technique. A massive increase in the electrochemically active surface area of 2D V2O5 by one order of magnitude greater than that of bulk V2O5 was observed in this study. Simultaneously, ~ 7 times increase in the optical absorption coefficient of 2D V2O5 significantly increases the number of photogenerated electrons involved in the catalytic performance. In addition, the surface activity of the 2D V2O5 catalyst is enhanced by generating surface oxygen vacancy defects. In the current study, we have achieved ~ 99% degradation of 16 ppm dye using the 2D V2O5 nanosheet catalysts under UV light exposure with a remarkable degradation rate constant of 2.31 min−1, which is an increase of the order of 102 from previous studies using V2O5 nanostructures and nanocomposites as catalysts. Since the enhanced photocatalytic activity emerged from the surface and optical properties of the catalyst, the current study shows great promise for the future application of 2D V2O5 in photo- and electrocatalysis.
IRSEI-based monitoring of ecological quality and analysis of drivers in the Daling River Basin
Authors: Ge Jintao , Qian Cheng , Zhang Chao , Zhang Li , Song Weimin , Na Fuchao , Ma Hongwei , Guo Changlai , Jiang Shan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Daling River Basin is an important ecological functional area in the western region of Liaoning with outstanding environmental problems. The monitoring of ecological and environmental quality in the basin and the analysis of driving factors are of great importance for the protection of the ecological environment and the improvement of economic quality. In this paper, the three periods of Landsat remote sensing images in 1995, 2010 and 2020 are used as the basic data, and platforms and technical means such as RS and GIS are used to decipher and extract the three periods of land use information, and to construct the land use type transfer matrix. The remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) was improved, and the principal component analysis method was applied to construct the improved remote sensing ecological index (IRSEI) model based on the greenness (NDVI), moisture (WET), heat (LST) and new dryness (N-NDBSI), so as to realize the dynamic monitoring of ecological and environmental quality in the study area. Based on the land use change, combined with the trend of improved remote sensing ecological index (IRSEI) of Daling River Basin, thus achieving the purpose of rapid and efficient dynamic monitoring of ecological quality of Daling River Basin from 1995 to 2020. A geoprobe model was then used to systematically assess the drivers of ecological quality in the catchment. The results show that the improved remote sensing ecological index (IRSEI) can efficiently and accurately obtain the spatial distribution pattern and temporal variation trend of IRSEI in the study area, which is more in line with the characteristics of indicators in this study area. The IRSEI in the study area showed an increasing trend from 1995 to 2020, from 0.4794 to 0.5615, and the proportion of benign ecological classes increased year by year during the period. Among the evaluation indicators, NDVI and N-NDBSI are the main factors affecting the environmental and ecological quality of the Daling River Basin, and the increase of vegetation cover, climate regulation and human activities have obvious promoting effects on the improvement of the ecological environment of the Daling River Basin. This study provides a scientific theoretical basis for the implementation of further ecological environmental protection measures.
Thunderstorm total lightning activity behavior associated with transmission line trip events of power system
Authors: Li Muzi , Cheng Si , Wang Jianguo , Cai Li , Fan Yadong , Cao Jinxin , Zhou Mi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHigh-voltage transmission lines are susceptible targets for lightning strikes. It is an interesting topic how the trip event of transmission line is related to the area, location, and intensity of thunderstorms occurring at that time and that place. Based on total lightning observation containing intra-cloud and cloud-to-ground lightning, and transmission line trip information from relaying system of power system, 8 thunderstorms associated with the lightning strike trip of local transmission lines were selected in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region. Analysis was conducted on the total lightning activity of each thunderstorm process, including the characteristics of total lightning counts and density, followed by the variations in total lightning activity before and after lightning strike trips. Further, our investigation encompassed the spatial and temporal evolution, charge structure, and kinematic parameters of thunderstorms. It was revealed that almost all lightning trips in this area emerged in close proximity to bodies of water, accompanied by a discernible reduction in thunderstorm cloud altitude during line trip occurrences. This paper aims to enhance the understanding of total lightning and thunderstorm activity behavior, thereby providing valuable insights for lightning disaster prevention and mitigation in the meteorological bureau and power system.
Probing chromatin condensation dynamics in live cells using interferometric scattering correlation spectroscopy
Authors: Hsiao Yi-Teng , Liao I-Hsin , Wu Bo-Kuan , Chu Hsueh-Ping Catherine , Hsieh Chia-Lung 
Published: June 2024

AbstractChromatin organization and dynamics play important roles in governing the regulation of nuclear processes of biological cells. However, due to the constant diffusive motion of chromatin, examining chromatin nanostructures in living cells has been challenging. In this study, we introduce interferometric scattering correlation spectroscopy (iSCORS) to spatially map nanoscopic chromatin configurations within unlabeled live cell nuclei. This label-free technique captures time-varying linear scattering signals generated by the motion of native chromatin on a millisecond timescale, allowing us to deduce chromatin condensation states. Using iSCORS imaging, we quantitatively examine chromatin dynamics over extended periods, revealing spontaneous fluctuations in chromatin condensation and heterogeneous compaction levels in interphase cells, independent of cell phases. Moreover, we observe changes in iSCORS signals of chromatin upon transcription inhibition, indicating that iSCORS can probe nanoscopic chromatin structures and dynamics associated with transcriptional activities. Our scattering-based optical microscopy, which does not require labeling, serves as a powerful tool for visualizing dynamic chromatin nano-arrangements in live cells. This advancement holds promise for studying chromatin remodeling in various crucial cellular processes, such as stem cell differentiation, mechanotransduction, and DNA repair.
Operationalizing climate risk in a global warming hotspot
Authors: Boyce Daniel G. , Tittensor Derek P. , Fuller Susanna , Henson Stephanie , Kaschner Kristin , Reygondeau Gabriel , Schleit Kathryn E. , Saba Vincent , Shackell Nancy , Stanley Ryan R. E. , Worm Boris 
Published: June 2024

AbstractClimate change is a looming threat to marine life, creating an urgent need to develop climate-informed conservation strategies. The Climate Risk Index for Biodiversity was designed to assess the climate risk for marine species in a manner that supports decision-making. Yet, its regional application remains to be explored. Here, we use it to evaluate climate risk for ~2000 species in the northwest Atlantic Ocean, a marine warming hotspot, to explore its capacity to inform climate-considered fisheries management. Under high emissions, harvested species, especially those with the highest economic value, have a disproportionate risk of projected exposure to hazardous climate conditions but benefit the most from emission mitigation. By mapping critical risk areas for 90 fish stocks, we pinpoint locations likely to require additional intervention, such as in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence for Atlantic cod. Finally, we demonstrate how evaluating climate risk geographically and understanding how it arises can support short- and long-term fisheries management and conservation objectives under climate change.
Sleep quality mediates the association between chronotype and mental health in young Indian adults
Authors: Chauhan Satyam , Pandey Rakesh , Vakani Krupa , Norbury Ray , Ettinger Ulrich , Kumari Veena 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThere is increasing recognition of ‘higher preference for eveningness’ as a potential independent risk factor for poor mental health. To examine the chronotype-mental health relationship while also quantifying the potential roles of poor sleep quality, relevant personality traits, and childhood trauma, we assessed 282 young adults (18–40 years; 195 females) residing in North India, between January and March 2023 (to control for seasonal variation), using self-report measures of diurnal preference, sleep patterns, mental health (depression, anxiety, and stress), personality traits (extraversion, neuroticism, schizotypy, and impulsivity), and childhood trauma. The results showed a significant association between eveningness and poor mental health but this association was fully mediated by poor sleep quality. Neuroticism, emotional abuse and cognitive disorganisation were correlated with eveningness as well as with poor mental health and sleep quality. Neuroticism and emotional abuse, but not cognitive disorganisation, also had indirect effects on mental health via sleep quality. Our findings highlight the crucial role played by sleep quality in the chronotype-mental health relationship.
Endometrial decidualization status modulates endometrial microvascular complexity and trophoblast outgrowth in gelatin methacryloyl hydrogels
Authors: Zambuto Samantha G. , Theriault Hannah , Jain Ishita , Crosby Cody O. , Pintescu Ioana , Chiou Noah , Oyen Michelle L. , Zoldan Janet , Underhill Gregory H. , Harley Brendan A. C. , Clancy Kathryn B. H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe endometrium undergoes rapid cycles of vascular growth, remodeling, and breakdown during the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. Decidualization is an endometrial differentiation process driven by steroidal sex hormones that is critical for blastocyst-uterine interfacing and blastocyst implantation. Certain pregnancy disorders may be linked to decidualization processes. However, much remains unknown regarding the role of decidualization and reciprocal trophoblast-endometrial interactions on endometrial angiogenesis and trophoblast invasion. Here, we report an engineered endometrial microvascular network embedded in gelatin hydrogels that displays morphological and functional patterns of decidualization. Vessel complexity and biomolecule secretion are sensitive to decidualization and affect trophoblast motility, but that signaling between endometrial and trophoblast cells was not bi-directional. Although endometrial microvascular network decidualization status influences trophoblast cells, trophoblast cells did not induce structural changes in the endometrial microvascular networks. These findings add to a growing literature that the endometrium has biological agency at the uterine-trophoblast interface during implantation. Finally, we form a stratified endometrial tri-culture model, combining engineered microvascular networks with epithelial cells. These endometrial microvascular networks provide a well-characterized platform to investigate dynamic changes in angiogenesis in response to pathological and physiological endometrial states.
Specific emitter identification by wavelet residual network based on attention mechanism
Authors: Shi Wenqiang , Lei Yingke , Jin Hu , Teng Fei , Lou Caiyi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSpecific emitter identification technology plays a very important role in spectrum resource management, wireless network security, cognitive radio etc. However, in complex electromagnetic environments, the variability and uncertainty of signals make it very difficult to extract representative feature representations of the signals. At the same time, the feature extraction capability of the recognition model is also a factor that needs to be considered. To address these issues, a wavelet residual neural network model based on attention mechanism is proposed for specific emitter identification. First, multi‐level wavelet decomposition is performed on all received signals to obtain their wavelet detail coefficients at different scales. Next, all the wavelet detail coefficients are used as the feature input for the attention‐based residual network, and perform parallel feature extraction at multi scales. Finally, the feature representation capability of all coefficients are compared, and the model's recognition results based on it are obtained. The recognition rates on the three datasets are 94.7%, 93.21%, and 86.1%, respectively, all of which are superior to recent state‐of‐the‐art algorithms. In addition, through ablation experiment, the validity of each component of the model has been verified.