bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exceptional boards: Environmental experience and positive deviance from institutional norms
Authors: Walls Judith L. , Hoffman Andrew J. 
Published: June 2012

SummaryThis paper explores the phenomenon of positive organizational deviance from institutional norms by establishing practices that protect or enhance the natural environment. Seeking to explain why some organizations practice positive environmental deviance while others do not, we locate our inquiry on the board of directors—the organizational body that interprets external issues and guides organizational response. We find a strong correlation between positive deviance and the past environmental experience of board directors and the centrality of the organization within field‐level networks. Organizations located on the periphery of the network or whose boards possess a high level of environmental experience are more likely to deviate in positive ways. Our conclusions contribute to multiple literatures in behavioral and environmental governance, the role of filtering and enaction in the process of institutional conformity and change, and the mechanisms behind proactive environmental protection strategies within business. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of blended vegetable‐based cutting fluids with extreme pressure on tool wear and force components in turning of Al 7075‐T6
Authors: Kuram Emel , Ozcelik Babur , Huseyin Cetin M. , Demirbas Erhan , Askin Sule 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTIn this study, performances of four different types of vegetable‐based cutting fluids (VBCFs) over a commercial mineral cutting fluid were evaluated for machinability of Al 7075‐T6. Lubrication properties of VBCFs were improved with additive of extreme pressure. Cutting force and tool wear data were obtained for performance analyses of cutting fluids during longitudinal turning of Al 7075‐T6. Cutting, feed and radial forces indicated 1.70–38.25% improvements for VBCFs over the commercial mineral cutting fluid. The lowest average values of flank and nose wears obtained with blended cutting fluid containing 12% of extreme pressure were 0.09 and 0.10 mm, respectively, whereas these values for the commercial mineral cutting fluid were 0.18 and 0.15 mm. The scanning electron microscope results showed adherence of workpiece material occurred on rake and flank faces, and flank and nose wears were the dominant wear modes. It was found that performances of VBCFs during turning of Al 7075‐T6 were better than that of the commercial mineral cutting fluid. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antimicrobial Hydantoin‐Containing Polyesters
Authors: Tan Licheng , Maji Samarendra , Mattheis Claudia , Zheng Mengyao , Chen Yiwang , Caballero‐Díaz E. , Gil Pilar Rivera , Parak Wolfgang J. , Greiner Andreas , Agarwal Seema 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA new N‐hydantoin‐containing biocompatible and enzymatically degradable polyester with antibacterial properties is presented. Different polyesters of dimethyl succinate, 1,4‐butanediol, and 3‐[N,N‐di(β‐hydroxyethyl)aminoethyl]‐5,5‐dimethylhydantoin in varying molar ratios are prepared via two‐step melt polycondensation. The antibacterially active N‐halamine form is obtained by subsequent chlorination of the polyesters with sodium hypochlorite. Chemical structures, thermal properties, and spherulitic morphologies of the copolymers are studied adopting FT‐IR, NMR, TGA, DSC, WAXD, and POM. The polyesters exhibit antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. The adopted synthetic approach can be transferred to other polyesters in a straightforward manner.magnified image
Polyampholyte Nanoparticles Prepared by Self‐Complexation of Cationized Poly(γ‐glutamic acid) for Protein Carriers
Authors: Shen Heyun , Akagi Takami , Akashi Mitsuru 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA novel amphoteric poly(amino acid) is synthesized by grafting a cationic amino acid (L‐Arg) to γ‐PGA to prepare charged NPs. γ‐PGA‐Arg NPs can be prepared by the self‐complexation of a single polymer by intra‐/inter‐molecular electrostatic interactions when the polymer is dispersed in water. The size and surface charge of the NPs can be regulated by the grafting degree of Arg (41, 56, and 83%). The smallest NPs are obtained at 56% grafting degree of the γ‐PGA‐Arg copolymer. The 56 and 83% grafting degree NPs are stable for at least 1 week. Depending on their surface charge, these NPs can selectively adsorb anionically or cationically charged proteins.magnified image
Poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) by Combined Ring‐Opening Polymerization and Polycondensation
Authors: Kricheldorf Hans R. , Weidner Steffen M. , Scheliga Felix , Lahcini Mohammed 
Published: June 2012

AbstractNumerous water‐initiated polymerizations of ϵCL are conducted in bulk with variation of catalyst, reaction time, and temperature. The conversions are determined by 1H NMR and the molar masses by SEC measurements. For polymerizations at 100 °C, Bi triflate and Hf triflate are used as catalysts, whereas at 140 °C, Al triflate, Sn(II) triflate, SnCl2, HfCl4, BiCl3, and LaCl3 are used. In addition to a closed reaction vessel, experiments are also performed with stirring in a vacuum. Under these conditions, the best catalyst (SnCl2) yields 2–3 times higher molar masses and mass spectra indicate a significant higher fraction of cyclic polymers. The results prove that a modification of the procedure may stimulate a polycondesation process without change of catalyst, time, and temperature.
Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination‐Revised for mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease
Authors: McColgan Peter , Evans Jonathan R. , Breen David P. , Mason Sarah L. , Barker Roger A. , Williams‐Gray Caroline H. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIntroduction:Cognitive impairment is common in Parkinson's disease (PD), even in the early stages, and appropriate screening tools are needed.Methods:We investigated the utility of the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination‐Revised for detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in PD in an incident population‐representative cohort (n = 132) and investigated the relationship between performance on this instrument and behavior and quality of life (n = 219).Results:Twenty‐two percent met criteria for MCI. Receiver operating curve analysis revealed an area under the curve of 0.81. A cutoff <89 gave a sensitivity of 69% and specificity of 84%. Scores on this instrument were highly correlated with the Parkinson's Disease Cognitive Rating Scale, and there were significant correlations with the Cambridge Behavioral Inventory‐Revised and Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire 39.Conclusion:This instrument is a useful screening tool for PD‐MCI, and poor performance is significantly related to impaired behavior and quality of life. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society
Combined vascularized iliac and greater trochanter graftings for reconstruction of the osteonecrosis femoral head with collapse: Reports of three cases with 20 years follow‐up
Authors: Zhao Dewei , Cui Daping , Lu Faqiang , Wang Benjie , Wang Wei , Tian Fengde , Guo Lin 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIn this report, we present the long‐term results of using combined vascularized iliac and greater trochanter graftings for reconstruction of the osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) with collapse in three patients. Necrosis over two‐thirds of the femoral head and collapse were observed in these patients, with Harris hip scores (HHS) of 46, 38, and 49 points, respectively. When the patients underwent the femoral head reconstruction procedures, the ages of the patients ranged from 20 to 28 years old. The patients were followed‐up for 20–24 years. X‐ray examinations showed no progress of necrosis or deformity in the femoral head of patients after surgery, with the exception of bone absorption in one patient with persistence of mild pain. The HHS in the three patients were 84, 65, and 86 points at the end of follow‐up, respectively. These results show that the vascularized iliac and greater trochanter graftings may be a valuable option for reconstruction of the ONFH with collapse in younger patients. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2012.
Optimal path finding in direction, location, and time dependent environments
Authors: Dolinskaya Irina S. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis article examines optimal path finding problems where cost function and constraints are direction, location, and time dependent. Recent advancements in sensor and data‐processing technology facilitate the collection of detailed real‐time information about the environment surrounding a ground vehicle, an airplane, or a naval vessel. We present a navigation model that makes use of such information. We relax a number of assumptions from existing literature on path‐finding problems and create an accurate, yet tractable, model suitable for implementation for a large class of problems. We present a dynamic programming model which integrates our earlier results for direction‐dependent, time and space homogeneous environment, and consequently, improves its accuracy, efficiency, and run‐time. The proposed path finding model also addresses limited information about the surrounding environment, control‐feasibility of the considered paths, such as sharpest feasible turns a vehicle can make, and computational demands of a time‐dependent environment. To demonstrate the applicability and performance of our path‐finding algorithm, computational experiments for a short‐range ship routing in dynamic wave‐field problem are presented. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2012
Platelet‐derived growth factor receptor‐α promotes lymphatic metastases in papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Zhang Jingdong , Wang Peng , Dykstra Mark , Gelebart Pascale , Williams David , Ingham Robert , Adewuyi Esther Ekpe , Lai Raymond , McMullen Todd 
Published: June 2012

AbstractLymph node metastases are common in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and can be resistant to surgical extirpation or radioiodine ablation. We examined the role of platelet‐derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) in mediating lymph node metastases in PTC. Clinical specimens of PTC (n = 137) were surveyed in a tissue array and by western blots to examine the relationship between expression of the α and β subunits of PDGFR and lymph node metastases. PDGFR‐α was found at high levels in primary tumours with known lymphatic metastases but not in those tumours lacking nodal involvement (p < 0.0001). However, PDGFR‐β expression was not linked to metastatic disease (p = 0.78) as it was found in virtually all PTC specimens. A matching analysis in fresh PTC specimens (n = 13) confirmed that PDGFR‐α expression was strongly linked to metastatic spread (p = 0.0047). PDGFR‐α and ‐β were not found in normal thyroid tissue (p < 0.0001). PTC cell lines selectively expressing PDGFR‐α or ‐β were assessed for invasive potential and activation of downstream signal transduction pathways. PTC cell lines expressing PDGFR‐α responded to PDGF‐BB stimulation with increased invasive potential and this process can be blocked by the tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor sunitinib (p < 0.009). Cell lines with only PDGFR‐β, or no PDGFR, did not show significant changes in invasive potential. Activation of PDGFR‐α led to downstream up‐regulation of both the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways and disruption of either pathway is sufficient to block PDGFR‐mediated increases in invasive potential. Thus, PDGFR‐α is associated with lymph node metastases in papillary thyroid carcinoma and PDGFR‐α promotes increased invasive potential in PTC cell lines. PDGFR‐α is a strong candidate for a diagnostic biomarker to identify patients at risk of nodal metastases. Our results also strengthen the rationale for selection of tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitors that target PDGFR in the treatment of progressive, metastatic PTC. Copyright © 2012 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polycyanurate networks from anethole dimers: Synthesis and characterization
Authors: Davis Matthew C. , Guenthner Andrew J. , Groshens Thomas J. , Reams Josiah T. , Mabry Joseph M. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractNovel biorenewable bisphenols are obtained through simple and rapid chemical transformation of the natural producttrans‐anethole. The corresponding dicyanate esters are thermally cured to give polycyanurate networks. The thermal properties from differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric, and dynamic thermomechanical analyses of the new dicyanate esters compare favorably with similar commercial products. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.†J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012
A systematic review of psychosocial interventions to improve cancer caregiver quality of life
Authors: Waldron Elizabeth A. , Janke E. Amy , Bechtel Colleen F. , Ramirez Michelle , Cohen Abigail 
Published: June 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate and estimate the effect of psychosocial interventions on improving the quality of life (QoL) of adult cancer caregivers.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials among adult cancer caregivers published from 1947 to 2011. Rigorous inclusion criteria included randomization of caregivers, use of control groups, and at least one active psychosocial intervention where caregiver QoL was measured. A pair of raters independently reviewed all abstracts, and studies were assessed for quality using an 11‐item PEDro coding scale. Data were extracted, examined, and synthesized using a narrative approach.ResultsSix randomized controlled trials met inclusion criteria out of 1066 identified abstracts. Studies were rejected because of methodological flaws and failure to report a measure of caregiver QoL. A total of 1115 caregivers were included at baseline measurements. Estimated effect sizes for included studies were nil to small ranging from 0.048 to 0.271. Studies with larger effect sizes targeted caregivers’ problem‐solving and communication skills.ConclusionsInterventions targeting problem‐solving and communication skills may ease the burdens related to patient care and role changes associated with care while improving caregiver's overall QoL. Further research is needed to establish efficacy of interventions across all stages of the 2cancer caregiving experience, especially focusing on issues of caregiver retention, caregiver relationships to the cancer patient, and individual differences in caregiver experiences with different types of cancer. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Site‐specific fabrication of graphitic microporous carbon terminated with ordered multilayer graphene walls
Authors: Banerjee Arghya Narayan , Joo Sang Woo , Min Bong‐Ki , Sharma Ashutosh 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe site‐specific fabrication of metal‐incorporated graphitic microporous carbon terminated by highly ordered multilayer graphene walls via an ambient‐temperature vacuum‐based process is presented for the first time. Sputtering of Cr nano‐particles on the ultrathin amorphous carbon film manifests a dual effect of activation via dry‐etching by the sputtering plasma and of ‘knock‐on' inelastic collision between nanoparticles and C atoms for structural ordering. This novel and simple method is very useful for fabricating high surface area carbon nanostructures for hydrogen storage and clean energy applications. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Protocol Derivation System for the Needham–Schroeder family
Authors: Zhang Junwei , Ma Jianfeng , Yang Chao 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA framework consisting of the Protocol Derivation System (PDS) and the Protocol Composition Logic (PCL) has been recently proposed by Datta et al. for the design and analysis of a secure composition of cryptographic protocols. However, the PDS in this proposed framework can only be used for the protocols of the Station‐to‐Station family, which are signature‐based authenticated Diffie–Hellman key exchange protocols. In this paper, the PDS is extended to support key exchange protocols using a trusted third party and an encryption‐based authentication such as those in the Needham–Schroeder family. This is achieved by means of adding new components, refinements, and transformations to the PDS. In addition, the PCL is applied to prove the correctness of the derived protocols. Then, the derivation graph of the Needham−Schroeder family is developed by using the extended PDS. Finally, the derivations and proofs of the protocols in the Needham–Schroeder family are shown in this paper. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proliferation State and Polo-Like Kinase1 Dependence of Tumorigenic Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Francescangeli Federica , Patrizii Michele , Signore Michele , Federici Giulia , Di Franco Simone , Pagliuca Alfredo , Baiocchi Marta , Biffoni Mauro , Ricci Vitiani Lucia , Todaro Matilde , De Maria Ruggero , Zeuner Ann 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Tumor-initiating cells are responsible for tumor maintenance and relapse in solid and hematologic cancers. Although tumor-initiating cells were initially believed to be mainly quiescent, rapidly proliferating tumorigenic cells were found in breast cancer. In colon cancer, the proliferative activity of the tumorigenic population has not been defined, although it represents an essential parameter for the development of more effective therapeutic strategies. Here, we show that tumorigenic colon cancer cells can be found in a rapidly proliferating state in vitro and in vivo, both in human tumors and mouse xenografts. Inhibitors of polo-like kinase1 (Plk1), a mitotic kinase essential for cell proliferation, demonstrated maximal efficiency over other targeted compounds and chemotherapeutic agents in inducing death of colon cancer-initiating cells in vitro. In vivo, Plk1 inhibitors killed CD133+ colon cancer cells leading to complete growth arrest of colon cancer stem cell-derived xenografts, whereas chemotherapeutic agents only slowed tumor progression. While chemotherapy treatment increased CD133+ cell proliferation, treatment with Plk1 inhibitors eliminated all proliferating tumor-initiating cells. Quiescent CD133+ cells that survived the treatment with Plk1 inhibitors could be killed by subsequent Plk1 inhibition when they exited from quiescence. Altogether, these results provide a new insight into the proliferative status of colon tumor-initiating cells both in basal conditions and in response to therapy and indicate Plk1 inhibitors as potentially useful in the treatment of colorectal cancer.
Design optimization of truss structures using cuckoo search algorithm
Authors: Gandomi Amir Hossein , Talatahari Siamak , Yang Xin‐She , Deb Suash 
Published: June 2012

SUMMARYA new metaheuristic optimization algorithm is developed to solve truss optimization problems. The new algorithm, called cuckoo search (CS), is examined by solving five truss design optimization problems with increasing numbers of design variables and complexity in constraints. The performance of the CS algorithm is further compared with various classical and advanced algorithms, selected from a wide range of the state‐of‐the‐art algorithms in the area. The results identify that the final solutions obtained by the CS are superior compared with the best solutions obtained by the other algorithms. Finally, the unique search features used in the CS and the implications for future researches are discussed in detail. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
So you want to know if your message has an IRES?
Authors: Thompson Sunnie R. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractTranscriptional regulation of gene expression has been widely studied. More recently, there has been increasing appreciation of the role that translational regulation plays in gene expression, resulting in a number of new fields engaging in translational studies. Regulation of protein synthesis is critical for cell growth, development, and survival, and is primarily controlled at the initiation step. Eukaryotic cells utilize multiple mechanisms to initiate translation, depending on cell stress, growth conditions, viral infection, or the sequences present in the mRNA. While the vast majority of mRNAs are translated in a cap‐dependent manner, an important subset of mRNAs uses an alternative mechanism, whereby ribosomes are recruited internally to the message to initiate cap‐independent translation. Some of these mRNAs contain an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) located in the 5′ untranslated region (UTR). However, establishing that an RNA element is a functional IRES requires a number of carefully executed experiments with specific controls. This review will clearly explain the required experiments, and the pros and cons of various assays, used to determine whether (or not) an RNA element functions as an IRES to promote initiation of translation. We hope that demystifying the accepted methods for assaying IRES activity will open the study of this important mechanism to the broader community. WIREs RNA 2012 doi: 10.1002/wrna.1129This article is categorized under:

Translation > Translation Mechanisms
Computational Analysis of Position-Dependent Disorder Content in DisProt Database
Authors: Kovačević Jovana J. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
A bioinformatics analysis of disorder content of proteins from the DisProt database has been performed with respect to position of disordered residues. Each protein chain was divided into three parts: N- and C- terminal parts with each containing 30 amino acid (AA) residues and the middle region containing the remaining AA residues. The results show that in terminal parts, the percentage of disordered AA residues is higher than that of all AA residues (17% of disordered AA residues and 11% of all). We analyzed the percentage of disorder for each of 20 AA residues in the three parts of proteins with respect to their hydropathy and molecular weight. For each AA, the percentage of disorder in the middle part is lower than that in terminal parts which is comparable at the two termini. A new scale of AAs has been introduced according to their disorder content in the middle part of proteins: CIFWMLYHRNVTAGQDSKEP. All big hydrophobic AAs are less frequently disordered, while almost all small hydrophilic AAs are more frequently disordered. The results obtained may be useful for construction and improving predictors for protein disorder.
Kinematic analysis of deformed structures in a tectonic mélange: a key unit for the manifestation of transpression along the Zagros Suture Zone, Iran
Authors: FAGHIH ALI , KUSKY TIMOTHY , SAMANI BABAK 
Published: June 2012

AbstractKinematic analysis of mélange fabrics provides critical information concerning tectonic processes and evaluation of the kinematics of ancient relative plate motion. Systematic kinematic analysis of deformed structures within a tectonic mélange exposed along the Zagros Suture Zone elucidates that this zone is an ancient transpressional boundary. The mélange is composed of a greywacke and mudstone matrix surrounding various lenses, blocks and ribbons of radiolarian chert, limestone, sandstone, pillow lava, tuff, serpentinite, shale and marl. The deformation fabrics of the mélange suggest that the mélange units were tectonically accreted at shallow levels within a subduction complex, resulting in layer-parallel extension and shearing along a NW–SE-trending suture that juxtaposes the Afro-Arabian continent to the south and the Central Iranian microcontinents to the north. The tectonic mélange is characterized by subhorizontal layer-parallel extension and subsequent heterogeneous non-coaxial shear resulting in alternating asymmetric and layer-parallel extensional fabrics such as P–Y fabrics and boudinaged layers. Kinematic data suggest that the mélange formed during oblique subduction of the Neo-Tethys oceanic lithosphere in Late Cretaceous time. Kinematic shear sense indicators reveal that the slip direction (N9°E to N14°E) during accretion-related deformations reflects the relative plate motion between the Afro-Arabian continent and Central Iranian microcontinents during Late Cretaceous to Miocene times.