bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the biotic ligand model to predict long-term toxicity of nickel to Hyalella azteca
Authors: Schroeder J.E. , Borgmann U. , Dixon D.G. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Three models were developed and evaluated for their ability to predict long-term bioaccumulation of nickel (Ni) and its toxicity to Hyalella azteca using data from 28-d toxicity tests. One of the models was based on competitive action of Ni with Ca and H (the biotic ligand model; BLM), and the other two models included expressions for the potential noncompetitive action of calcium on the ligand (i.e., acclimation), in addition to, or instead of, its competitive action (not accounted for in the BLM). Each model was able to predict lethal accumulation 50 (accumulation at 50% mortality; LA50s) within a factor of 2 of the corresponding observed LA50. The mean predicted LA50 from all three models was within 13% of the observed mean LA50 of 0.90 µmol/g (dry weight). The median lethal concentrations (LC50s) predicted by the three models were similar and were within a factor of 2 of the observed LC50s for 11 of 13 tests, providing encouragement for further development of a long-term Ni BLM. The similar performance of models based on competitive or noncompetitive action may reflect limitations in the data set or may suggest that effects of calcium on the ligand (LT) were insufficient to hamper the functionality of the competitive model or that the LA50/LT ratio, rather than the LA50 and LT, is constant. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:2498–2504. © 2010 SETAC
Synthesis, characteristic of a novel flame retardant containing phosphorus and its application in poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate)
Authors: Wang Lichun , Jiang Junqing , Jiang Pingkai , Yu Jinhong 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA novel flame retardant (SPDH) containing phosphorus was synthesized through the reaction of 10‐(2, 5‐dihydroxyphenyl)‐9, 10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO‐HQ) and synthesized intermediate product 3, 9‐dichloro‐2, 4, 8, 10‐tetraoxa‐3, 9‐diphosphaspiro(5.5)undecane‐3, 9‐dioxide (SPDPC). The structure and properties of SPDPC and SPDH were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). After blending with poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate) (EVA), the flame‐retardant properties of EVA/SPDH composites were estimated by cone calorimeter, limited oxygen index (LOI) and UL‐94 tests, whereas the thermal stabilities were investigated using TGA. The morphological microstructure of the char formed by EVA/SPDH composite after combustion in cone calorimeter was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that the flame retardant and thermal stability were improved by incorporation of SPDH. The rich foamy char layers were observed from the residues after combustion in a cone calorimeter, which exactly benefits the improvement of thermal stability and flame retardant property of materials. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Scenario and multiple criteria decision analysis for energy and environmental security of military and industrial installations
Authors: Karvetski Christopher W , Lambert James H , Linkov Igor 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Military and industrial facilities need secure and reliable power generation. Grid outages can result in cascading infrastructure failures as well as security breaches and should be avoided. Adding redundancy and increasing reliability can require additional environmental, financial, logistical, and other considerations and resources. Uncertain scenarios consisting of emergent environmental conditions, regulatory changes, growth of regional energy demands, and other concerns result in further complications. Decisions on selecting energy alternatives are made on an ad hoc basis. The present work integrates scenario analysis and multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) to identify combinations of impactful emergent conditions and to perform a preliminary benefits analysis of energy and environmental security investments for industrial and military installations. Application of a traditional MCDA approach would require significant stakeholder elicitations under multiple uncertain scenarios. The approach proposed in this study develops and iteratively adjusts a scoring function for investment alternatives to find the scenarios with the most significant impacts on installation security. A robust prioritization of investment alternatives can be achieved by integrating stakeholder preferences and focusing modeling and decision-analytical tools on a few key emergent conditions and scenarios. The approach is described and demonstrated for a campus of several dozen interconnected industrial buildings within a major installation. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2011;7:228–236. © 2010 SETAC
PKA knockdown enhances cell killing in response to radiation and androgen deprivation
Authors: Hensley Harvey H. , Hannoun‐Levi Jean‐Michel , Hachem Paul , Mu Zhaomei , Stoyanova Radka , Khor Li‐Yan , Agrawal Sudhir , Pollack Alan 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe therapeutic efficacy of Gem®231, a second generation antisense molecule targeted to the RIα subunit of PKARIα (AS‐PKA), administered in combination with androgen deprivation (AD) and radiation therapy (RT), was examined in androgen sensitive (LNCaP) and insensitive (PC3) cell lines. Apoptosis was assayed by Caspase 3 + 7 activity and Annexin V binding. AS‐PKA significantly increased apoptosis in vitro from RT (both lines), with further increases in LNCaP cells grown in AD medium. In LNCaP cells, AD increased phosphorylated mitogen activated protein‐kinase (pMAPK), which was reduced by AS‐PKA relative to the mismatch (MM) controls. AS‐PKA also reduced pMAPK levels in PC3 cells. Cell death was measured by clonogenic survival assays. In vivo, LNCaP cells were grown orthotopically in nude mice. Tumor kinetics were measured by magnetic resonance imaging and serum prostate‐specific antigen. PC3 cells were grown subcutaneously and tumor volume assessed by caliper measurements. In PC3 xenografts, AS‐PKA caused a significant increase in tumor doubling time relative to MM controls as a monotherapy or in combination with RT. In orthotopic LNCaP tumors, AS‐PKA was ineffective as a monotherapy; however, it caused a statistically significant increase in tumor doubling time relative to MM controls when used in combination with AD, with or without RT. PKARIα levels in tumors were quantified via immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and image analysis. IHC measurements in LNCaP cells exhibited that AS‐PKA reduced PKARIα levels in vivo. We demonstrate for the first time that AS‐PKA enhances cell killing androgen sensitive prostate cancer cells to AD ± RT and androgen insensitive cells to RT.
Cervical nitric oxide release and persistence of high‐risk human papillomavirus in women
Authors: Rahkola Päivi , Väisänen‐Tommiska Mervi , Tuomikoski Pauliina , Ylikorkala Olavi , Mikkola Tomi S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractNitric oxide may serve as one cofactor for human papillomavirus (HPV)‐induced development of cervical cancer. Therefore, we first assessed the levels of cervical fluid nitric oxide metabolite (NOx) in 283 women with and without high‐risk (hr) HPV. The NOx level in women with hr HPV (48.4 μmol/L [95% CI: 39.4–56.6], n = 199) was higher (p < 0.001) than that in women without hr HPV (24.6 μmol/L [95% CI: 19.1–38.7], n = 84). Second, we evaluated if cervical fluid NOx levels could predict the persistence of hr HPV. Therefore, we followed up 113 women with detectable hr HPV without any treatment for 12 mo and repeated hr HPV test. High‐risk HPV persisted in 72 women (64%) and disappeared in 41 women (36%). The median basal levels of NOx were higher (p = 0.02) in women with persistent hr HPV (56.9 μmol/L [95% CI: 48.7–81.0]) compared to those with eradicated hr HPV (37.7 μmol/L [95% CI: 27.0–58.0]). The NOx level higher than the 75th percentile (>87.0 μmol/L) predicted hr HPV persistence (OR = 4.1 [95% CI: 1.3–13.1]). This cutoff level of NOx showed 33% sensitivity and 90% specificity in predicting the persistence of hr HPV, but it failed to predict cytological progression or regression in 12 mo. In conclusion, high cervical fluid NOx appears to be connected to the persistence of hr HPV, but the low predictive capacity of NOx prevents its clinical use at this phase.
Correlation between tissue oxygenation and erythrocytes elasticity
Authors: Wu Yu‐Tsung , Chiou Arthur , Sun Chia‐Wei 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn this paper, near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and jumping optical tweezers were used to measure the tissue oxygenation and the elasticity of erythrocytes, respectively. The correlation between tissue oxygenation induced by arterial occlusion test (AOT) and the mechanical properties of individual erythrocytes from a blood sample obtained after AOT was studied. The experimental results show a linear correlation between the oxygenation signal caused by AOT and the elasticity of erythrocytes. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
CB2 cannabinoid receptor targets mitogenic Gi protein–cyclin D1 axis in osteoblasts
Authors: Ofek Orr , Attar-Namdar Malka , Kram Vardit , Dvir-Ginzberg Mona , Mechoulam Raphael , Zimmer Andreas , Frenkel Baruch , Shohami Esther , Bab Itai 
Published: August 2010

AbstractCB2 is a Gi protein–coupled receptor activated by endo- and phytocannabinoids, thus inhibiting stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity. CB2 is expressed in bone cells and Cb2 null mice show a marked age-related bone loss. CB2-specific agonists both attenuate and rescue ovariectomy-induced bone loss. Activation of CB2 stimulates osteoblast proliferation and bone marrow derived colony-forming units osteoblastic. Here we show that selective and nonselective CB2 agonists are mitogenic in MC3T3 E1 and newborn mouse calvarial osteoblastic cultures. The CB2 mitogenic signaling depends critically on the stimulation of Erk1/2 phosphorylation and de novo synthesis of MAP kinase–activated protein kinase 2 (Mapkapk2) mRNA and protein. Further downstream, CB2 activation enhances CREB transcriptional activity and cyclin D1 mRNA expression. The CB2-induced stimulation of CREB and cyclin D1 is inhibitable by pertussis toxin, the MEK-Erk1/2 inhibitors PD098059 and U0126, and Mapkapk2 siRNA. These data demonstrate that in osteoblasts CB2 targets a Gi protein–cyclin D1 mitogenic axis. Erk1/2 phosphorylation and Mapkapk2 protein synthesis are critical intermediates in this axis. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Glypican 3 binds to GLUT1 and decreases glucose transport activity in hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: Cho Hye‐Sim , Ahn Jung‐Mo , Han Ho‐Jae , Cho Je‐Yoel 
Published: August 2010

AbstractGlypican 3 (GPC3), a member of heparin sulfate proteoglycans, is attached to the cell surface by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor and is reported to be overexpressed in liver cancers. In order to identify GPC3 binding proteins on the cell surface, we constructed a cDNA containing the C‐terminal cell surface‐attached form of GPC3 (GPC3c) in a baculoviral vector. The GPC3c bait protein was produced by expressing the construct in Sf21 insect cells and double purified using a His column and Flag immunoprecipitation. Purified GPC3c was used to uncover GPC3c‐interacting proteins. Using an LC–MS/MS proteomics strategy, we identified glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) as a novel GPC3 interacting protein from the HepG2 hepatoma cell lysates. The interaction was confirmed by immunoprecipitation (IP)–WB analysis and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). SPR result showed the interaction of GLUT1 to GPC3c with equilibrium dissociation constants (KD) of 1.61 nM. Moreover, both incubation with GPC3c protein and transfection of Gpc3c cDNA into HepG2 cells resulted in reduced glucose uptake activity. Our results indicate that GPC3 plays a role in glucose transport by interacting with GLUT1. J. Cell. Biochem. 111: 1252–1259, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nitric oxide involved in the IL‐1β‐induced inhibition of fructose intestinal transport
Authors: García‐Barrios Alberto , Guillén Natalia , Gascón Sonia , Osada Jesús , Vazquez Carmen Mª , Miguel‐Carrasco José Luis , Rodríguez‐Yoldi Mª Jesús 
Published: August 2010

AbstractInterleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by cells of the immune system and a large variety of other cell types including endothelial cells. It is released during inflammatory and infectious diseases, and possesses a wide spectrum of autocrine, paracrine and endocrine activities. The aim of this work was to examine the IL‐1β effect on D‐fructose transport across rabbit jejunum and try to identify the mediators implicated in this process. A sepsis condition was induced for 90 min after intravenous (iv) administration of IL‐1β and body temperature was recorded. Studies on cellular intestinal integrity have not shown modifications of the epithelium and the basement membrane. D‐fructose intestinal transport was studied in rabbit jejunum from control and treated animals and it was reduced in the latter ones. This cytokine decreased both the mucosal to serosal transepithelial flux and the transport across brush‐border membrane vesicles of D‐fructose. The inhibition was reversed by L‐NAME (nitric oxide [NO] synthase inhibitor), but not by indomethacin (cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 inhibitor). Both inhibitors were administered iv 15 min before the IL‐1β. The protein levels of GLUT5 were not changed in all animal groups and those of mRNA were even increased. In summary, these findings indicate that IL‐1β, at the time assayed, induced a significant reduction in the relative intrinsic activity of GLUT5 and in this decrease are involved NO signalling pathways. In this way, blockage of D‐fructose intestinal uptake by IL‐1β may be playing an essential role in the pathophysiology of septic shock. J. Cell. Biochem. 111: 1321–1329, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prenatal diagnosis of fetal hypothyroidism after maternal radioactive iodine exposure during pregnancy
Authors: Basbug Mustafa , Ozgun Mahmut T. , Murat Nurcan , Batukan Cem , Ozcelik Bulent , Kurtoglu Selim 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA 33‐year‐old woman with a history of surgically treated papillary thyroid carcinoma was inadvertently given radioactive iodine when she was 16 weeks pregnant. Sonographic examination revealed fetal thyroid hypoplasia, and cordocentesis confirmed fetal hypothyroidism at 22 weeks. The pregnancy was terminated at 24 weeks. We report the first case of fetal thyroid hypoplasia diagnosed by ultrasound and cordocentesis. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2010
Critical design criteria for minimal antibiotic‐free plasmid vectors necessary to combine robust RNA Pol II and Pol III‐mediated eukaryotic expression with high bacterial production yields
Authors: Carnes Aaron E. , Luke Jeremy M. , Vincent Justin M. , Anderson Sheryl , Schukar Angela , Hodgson Clague P. , Williams James A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackgroundFor safety considerations, regulatory agencies recommend the elimination of antibiotic resistance markers and non‐essential sequences from plasmid DNA‐based gene medicines. In the present study, we analyzed antibiotic‐free (AF) vector design criteria impacting upon bacterial production and mammalian transgene expression.MethodsBoth CMV‐HTLV‐I R RNA Pol II promoter (protein transgene) and murine U6 RNA Pol III promoter (RNA transgene) vector designs were studied. Plasmid production yield was assessed through inducible fed‐batch fermentation. RNA Pol II‐directed enhanced green fluorescent protein and RNA Pol III‐directed RNA expression were quantified by fluorometry and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction, respectively, after transfection of human HEK293 cells.ResultsSucrose‐selectable minimalized protein and therapeutic RNA expression vector designs that combined an RNA‐based AF selection with highly productive fermentation manufacturing (>1000 mg/l plasmid DNA) and high‐level in vivo expression of encoded products were identified. The AF selectable marker was also successfully applied to convert existing kanamycin‐resistant DNA vaccine plasmids gWIZ and pVAX1 into AF vectors, demonstrating a general utility for retrofitting existing vectors. A minimum vector size for high yield plasmid fermentation was identified. A strategy for stable fermentation of plasmid dimers with improved vector potency and fermentation yields up to 1740 mg/l was developed.ConclusionsWe report the development of potent high yield AF gene medicine expression vectors for protein or RNA (e.g. short hairpin RNA or microRNA) products. These AF expression vectors were optimized to exceed a newly‐identified size threshold for high copy plasmid replication and direct higher transgene expression levels than alternative vectors. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and reactivity of 6‐methyl‐4H‐furo[3,2c]pyran‐3,4‐dione
Authors: Hikem‐Oukacha Djamila , Rachedi Yahïa , Hamdi Maamar , Silva Artur M.S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAn efficient synthesis of 3‐bromoacetyl‐4‐hydroxy‐6‐methyl‐2H‐pyran‐2‐one by bromination of dehydroacetic acid in glacial acetic acid is described. Novel 4‐hydroxy‐6‐methyl‐3‐(2‐substituted‐thiazol‐4‐yl)‐2H‐pyran‐2‐ones have been prepared from the reaction of 3‐bromoacetyl‐4‐hydroxy‐6‐methyl‐2H‐pyran‐2‐one with thioamides, thiourea, and diphenylthiocarbazone. The condensation reaction of 6‐methyl‐4H‐furo[3,2c]pyran‐3,4‐dione, obtained from the reaction of 3‐bromoacetyl‐4‐hydroxy‐6‐methyl‐2H‐pyran‐2‐one with aliphatic amines, with benzaldehydes and acetophenones led to novel 2‐arylidene‐6‐methyl‐2H‐furo[3,2‐c]pyran‐3,4‐diones and 6‐(2‐arylprop‐1‐enyl)‐2H‐furo[3,2‐c]pyran‐3,4‐diones. The structure of all compounds was established by elemental analysis, IR, NMR, and mass spectra. J. Heterocyclic Chem., 2011.
E‐1,2‐diarylsulfonylethene—Source for new class of heterocycles
Authors: Padmaja Adivireddy , Payani Thalari , Muralikrishna Akkarapalli , Mahesh Konda 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
A new class of pyrazolidinediones, isoxazolidinediones, pyrimidinetriones, and thioxopyrimidinediones were synthesized by the reaction of Michael adduct, dimethyl 2‐(1′,2′‐diarylsulfonyl)ethylmalonate with different nucleophiles, hydrazine hydrate, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, and urea derivatives. J. Heterocyclic Chem., 2011.
A novel, facile, simple and convenient oxidative aromatization of Hantzsch 1,4‐dihydropyridines to pyridines using polymeric iodosobenzene with KBr
Authors: Kumar Parvin 
Published: August 2010

Abstractmagnified imageAn easy, safe, effective and handy method for oxidative aromatization of Hantzsch 1,4‐dihydropyridines catalyzed by hypervalent iodine (iodosobenzene) and potassium bromide to corresponding pyridine derivatives in high‐yields and within short span of time was described. Dealkylation in case of 4‐n‐alkyl substituted 1,4‐dihydropyridines was not obtained. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2010).
Analysis and design of enhanced directivity microstrip antenna at terahertz frequency by using electromagnetic bandgap material
Authors: Jha Kumud Ranjan , Singh G. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn this paper, an electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) material in the range of 0.5–0.8 THz has been simulated with Arlon AR 600 (ε=6.0) as host material and air‐cylinders as the foreign embedded material. The effective dielectric permittivity of this material has been analyzed at the frequency range of 0.590–0.620 THz. The reduced effective dielectric permittivity substrate of thickness 50 µm has been used to design the microstrip antenna at 600 GHz with a novel approach. This proposed antenna shows an enhanced directivity of 15.1 dBi at 600 GHz frequency. To compare the analysis, the operating frequency has been scaled down by a factor of 100 and various results have been compared by using two different commercially available simulators CST Microwave Studio based on the finite integral technique and Ansoft HFSS based on the finite element method. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ih “run‐up” in rat neocortical neurons and transiently rat or human HCN1‐expressing HEK293 cells
Authors: Battefeld Arne , Bierwirth Claudia , Li Ying Chuan , Barthel Lennart , Velmans Tanja , Strauss Ulf 
Published: August 2010

AbstractHyperpolarization‐activated cyclic nucleotide‐gated ion channels (HCN) are key determinants of CNS functions. Here we describe an increase in hyperpolarization‐activated current (Ih) at the beginning of whole‐cell recordings in rat layer 5 cortical neurons. For a closer investigation of this Ih increase, we overexpressed the predominant layer 5 rat subunit HCN1 in HEK293 cells. We characterized the resulting Ih in the cell‐attached and whole‐cell configurations. Breaking into whole‐cell configuration led to about a 30% enhancement of rat HCN1‐mediated Ih accompanied by a depolarizing shift in voltage dependence and an accelerated time course of activation. This current enhancement is not species specific; for human HCN1, the current similarly increases in amount and kinetics. Although the changes were bound to cytosolic solution exchange, they were independent of cAMP, ATP, GTP, and the phosphate group donor phosphocreatine. Together, these data provide a characterization of heterologous expression of rat HCN1 and suggest that cytosolic contents suppress Ih. Such a mechanism might constitute a reserve in h‐channel function in vivo. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prokaryotic diversity of a non‐sulfide, low‐salt cold spring sediment of Shawan County, China
Authors: Zeng Jun , Yang Hong‐mei , Lou Kai 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe prokaryotic diversity of a non‐sulfide, low‐salt cold spring sediment was investigated by constructing bacterial and archaeal clone libraries of the 16S rRNA gene. 241 bacterial clones were screened, which could be grouped into 86 ribotypes, based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. These were divided into 11 phyla (Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chlorobi, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadetes, Nitrospirae, Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes and Verrucomicrobia). Of these, Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria were the most dominant, representing 48% and 25% of the total bacteria clone library, respectively. For the archaeal clone library, 121 positive clones were screened and 22 ribotypes were determined. BLAST analysis indicated that all ribotypes were affiliated with the phylum Crenarchaeota. Phylogenetic analysis classified them into three subgroups (Groups I–III). Groups I and III, belonging to the Soil–Freshwater‐subsurface group and Marine group I, respectively, were the dominant groups, representing 50% and 47% of the library, respectively. Of them, 20% of ribotypes were related to the cold‐loving Crenarchaeota. These findings show that bacteria in spring sediments are more diverse than are archaea; in addition, the spring harbors a large number of novel bacterial and archaeal species and maybe exist novel lineages. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)