bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chikitsanjana: A 17th century book of Ayurveda therapeutics
Authors: Vasava Ashvinee Nansingbhai , Vyas Hitesh A. , Baghel Arjun Singh , Singh Preetpal , Vasani Dharmik R. , Patil Sunny C. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Ayurvedic literature has been flowing steadily since the Vedic era. This also includes pretty little books, extending from 100 to 300 verses that described merely the diagnosis of diseases and treatment with simple but experienced remedies. To introduce and assess the text Chikitsanjana, authored by Vidyapati, for its originality and importance in Ayurvedic practice. The text Chikitsanjana has been published only twice. The first publication was published by Vaidyaka jnana prasaraka sabha, Mumbai in 1894. The second and presently available publication was published in the year 1979 by Sastu sahitya vardhaka karyalaya, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, which is considered to review in this attempt. The author, Vidyapati, is a relatively unknown name in Ayurveda literature, and he makes no attempt to introduce himself in the work. This text describes the treatment of total of 42 diseases. The author discusses treatments from all eight branches of Ayurveda but concentrates primarily on Kayachikitsa. The text has 267 stanzas. Out of 267 verses of the text, 24 verses are word-to-word similar to the verses of other popular texts of Ayurveda. Chikitsanjana mainly focuses on Yukti vyapashraya chikitsa (~ logic-based treatment). Almost all kinds of Kashaya kalpana (~dosage forms) are mentioned while describing the treatment of diseases. The most commonly used forms are Churna (~powder) and Kwatha (~decoction) for internal use and Lepa (~ointment or paste) for external use. The text Chikitsanjana which is in the form of a Samgraha text can be considered handbook or ready reference book for general practitioners of Ayurveda.
Single-Ended and Differentially Operated Microwave Microfluidic Sensors for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Shaterian Zahra 
Published: June 2024

Background:
This research is focused on the design of highly sensitive microfluidic sensors for the applications in liquid dielectric characterizations including biomedical samples.

Methods:
Considering the narrow-band operation of microfluidic sensors based on microwave resonators, in this study, microfluidic sensors based on the variation of transmission phase in microwave transmission lines (TLs) are proposed. It is shown that among different microwave TLs, slot-lines are an appropriate type of TL for sensing applications because a major portion of the electromagnetic (EM) field passes above the line, where a microfluidic channel can be easily devised.

Results:
The proposed concept is presented and the functionality of the proposed sensor is validated through full-wave EM simulations. Moreover, the effects of the dimensions of the microfluidic channel and the thickness of the substrate on the sensitivity of the sensor are studied. Furthermore, taking the advantages of differential circuits and systems into account, a differential version of the microfluidic sensor is also presented. It is shown that the sensitivity of the sensor can be adjusted according to the application. Specifically speaking, the sensitivity of the proposed microfluidic sensor is almost linearly proportional to the length of the channel, i.e., the sensitivity can be doubled by doubling the channel length.

Conclusions:
In this research, it is shown that using slot-line TLs highly sensitive microfluidic sensors can be designed for the applications in liquid dielectric characterizations, especially for biomedical samples where small variations of permittivity have to be detected.
Repeatability of Choroidal Thickness Measurements in Healthy Subjects using RTVue XR Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Mansoori Tarannum , Charan Aknoor Sree Ram , Suresh Narala , Pesala Veerendranath , Nagalla Balakrishna 
Published: June 2024

Purpose:
To determine the intrasession, intraobserver, interobserver, and repeatability of choroidal thickness measurements in the healthy subjects imaged on enhanced depth imaging system of RTVue XR spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods:
In this prospective, cross-sectional study, seventy eyes of 70 healthy volunteers with no known ocular disease were imaged using high-density scanning protocol of RTVue XR OCT. In a single imaging session, three sequential 12 mm macular-enhanced depth horizontal line scans were obtained through the fovea. Two experienced examiners measured the subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), choroidal thickness at 500 μm nasally and temporally from the fovea in all the eyes, using the manual calipers provided in the software. The graders were masked to each other's measurement readings. The coefficient of repeatability (CR) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to measure the reliability within graders. Intergrader variability was assessed using Bland-Altman method and 95% limits of agreement (LoA).

Results:
Intragrader CR for grader one was 4.11 μm (95% confidence interval [CI], −2.84–11.06) for SFCT and 5.73 μm (95% CI, −3.71–15.16) for the grader two. Intragrader ICC of grader one ranged from 0.996 for SFCT to 0.994 for temporal choroidal thickness. Intragrader ICC of grader two ranged from 0.993 for temporal choroidal thickness to 0.991 for SFCT. Intergrader CR ranged from 5.24 μm (95% CI, −4.66–15.15) for SFCT to 5.89 μm (95% CI, −7.27–19.04) for temporal choroidal thickness. Intergrader 95% LoA for SFCT, nasal and temporal choroidal thickness were, −15.84–12.15 μm, −15.99–17.7 μm, and − 19.12–15.57 μm, respectively.

Conclusion:
Choroidal thickness measurements can be quantified with good repeatability using RTVue XR OCT, which would be useful in patients with chorioretinal diseases.
Evaluation of Choroidal Vascularity Index in Keratoconus Patients: Does Choroidal Vascularity Change in Keratoconus?
Authors: Hashemian Mohammad Naser , Ghafarian Sadegh , Riazi-Esfahani Hamid , Khalili Pour Elias 
Published: June 2024

Purpose:To investigate the choroidal structure in keratoconic patients with different severity using the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) derived from image binarization on enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography scans (EDI-OCT).Methods:Sixty-eight eyes from 34 keratoconus (KCN) patients and 72 eyes from 36 healthy subjects were recruited in this prospective, noninterventional, comparative cross-sectional study. EDI-OCT was employed to measure choroidal parameters, including choroidal thickness (CT), total choroidal area (TCA), luminal area, stromal area, and CVI.Results:Subfoveal CT was 354.6 ± 66.8 mm in the control group and 371 ± 64.5 mm in the KCN group (P= 0.86). There was no significant difference between control and KCN groups in terms of TCA (0.66 ± 0.14 mm2vs. 0.7 ± 0.12 mm2;P= 0.70), luminal area (0.49 ± 0.10 mm2vs. 0.53 ± 0.08 mm2;P= 0.67), and stromal area (0.16 ± 0.05 mm2vs. 0.17 ± 0.05 mm2;P= 0.84). CVI was also comparable in the control group (75.4% ±3.4%) and the KCN group (75.6% ±4.5%;P= 0.43). There was also no significant correlation between other choroidal parameters and KCN severity indices.Conclusion:It seems that CVI as well as other choroidal biomarkers were not significantly different between patients with KCN and healthy subjects.
A Case of Persistent Hypoglycemia: Emphasizing the Role of Kidneys
Authors: Govindaraju Praveen , Khan Mohammed Fahad , Augustine Rohan , Ballal Hebri Sudarshan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Hypoglycemia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus. However, hypoglycemia in patients without diabetes warrants extensive clinical and biochemical evaluations. Traditionally, it occurs either in patients with underlying illness or is seemingly healthy. In patients with underlying comorbidities, hypoglycemia is usually straightforward and may be multifactorial in etiology. A particularly vulnerable population is patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We hereby describe a case of persistent hypoglycemia in a 73-year-old nondiabetic CKD presenting as a diagnostic enigma and the possible mechanisms behind it.
Prolonged Honeymoon Phase in Adult-Onset Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Study
Authors: Shah Pranjali 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) exhibits heterogeneity in presentation, and the “honeymoon” period, characterized by temporary beta-cell function restoration, is a significant aspect influencing disease progression. Adult-onset T1DM differs from pediatric cases, with complete insulin withdrawal being rare. This study investigates a 23-year-old female positive for glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies to assess the potential for an extended honeymoon phase. The patient, without significant medical history, presented with recurrent boils, notable weight loss, and had a family history of diabetes (maternal grandmother). Laboratory results showed uncontrolled hyperglycemia, absence of C-peptide, and positive for anti-GAD. Treatment involved CGMS fixation and insulin degludec/aspart, leading to excellent sugar control. Notably, insulin dosage reduction and improved C-peptide levels occurred over two years. This case highlights the complexity of T1DM presentations, the potential for extended honeymoon phases, and emphasizes the need for personalized management. Ongoing research into honeymoon phase determinants and genetic aspects will refine the understanding and optimize care for autoimmune diabetes.
The Impact of Insulin Degludec on Glucocorticoid-Induced Hyperglycemia in Patients with Diabetes and COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Prasanna Varun , Venketesan Ravindranath 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective:
The objective was to assess the effectiveness and safety of insulin degludec (IDeg) on glycemic control in people with diabetes (PWD) hospitalized for moderate-to-severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Design:
This study is a retrospective cohort study.

Setting and Participants:
Data were retrieved from medical records of PWD hospitalized for moderate-to-severe COVID-19. All patients who had steroid-induced hyperglycemia (SIH) were initiated with basal-bolus regimen with IDeg and human actaprid (HA) as part of their standard of care during admission. Data records at admission and discharge were retrieved and analyzed for hyperglycemia, insulin status, hypoglycemia, and other adverse events. The sigma plot version 15.0 was used to perform the statistical analysis and a P value (<0.05) was considered statistically significant.

Results:
The study retrieved data from medical records of 48 PWD hospitalized for moderate-to-severe COVID-19 and SIH for an average of 6.8 ± 2.5 days. There was a statistically significant decrease in average fasting plasma glucose from baseline (231.2 ± 91.1 mg/dL) to day 7/discharge (150.7 ± 32.1 mg/dL) (P < 0.05). The postprandial glucose showed a nonsignificant decrease; corresponding values were 295.0 ± 118.4 and 223.7 ± 65.4 mg/dL, respectively. The average IDeg dose increased significantly from baseline to day 7/discharge (15.6 ± 5.0 and 20.1 ± 6.5 units, respectively; P < 0.05). There was nonsignificant increase in average HA dose from 53.1 ± 16.7 IU on day 1 to 59.8 ± 16.6 IU on discharge day. No adverse events were reported in the medical records during hospitalization.

Conclusion:
IDeg is an effective and safe insulin for managing hyperglycemia in PWD who developed SIH during hospitalization for moderate-to-severe COVID-19.
Non-pharmacological Methods Used in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by a Selected Group of People with T2DM in Colombo District, Sri Lanka: A Mixed-Method Study
Authors: Herath Lakshani , Kamalsiri Manisha , Inthuja Perananthan , Gamage Gayani P , Vidanage Dinithi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Aims and Objectives:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common noncommunicable diseases, which causes high mortality and morbidity among adults. The prevalence of T2DM in Sri Lanka is high due to the unhealthy lifestyles of individuals. Both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions are practiced by people with T2DM to achieve better glycemic control. Managing T2DM with non-pharmacological methods is beneficial to both the patients and the country, as they are cost-effective and produce fewer complications. Thus, this study aimed to explore the practice of non-pharmacological methods and associated barriers to adherence in individuals with T2DM who attended the diabetic clinic at a tertiary care facility in Sri Lanka.

Materials and Methods:
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with both qualitative and quantitative aspects among a conveniently selected 138 individuals with T2DM who attended the diabetic clinic at the University Hospital–Kotelawala Defence University (UH-KDU). Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and one-to-one interviews. Gathered data were analyzed by using the SPSS 25.0 version and thematic analysis.

Results:
The mean age of the participants was 61 (± 10.2) years, and the mean duration of T2DM was 10.1 (±7.9) years. Diet control, exercise, stress management, and adding glucose-lowering food have been identified as the main non-pharmacological methods practiced. Adherence to family meal culture, resistance to follow dietary guidelines, aging, low income, and lack of time were reported by the participants as barriers to adherence. Although males spent more time on exercise compared to females (male vs. female; 36.1 vs. 15.3min, P = 0.025), both groups demonstrated poor glycemic levels (male vs. female; 141.3 ± 52 vs. 136.5 ± 42.2 mg/dl) and higher body mass index (male vs. female; 24.7 ± 4.7 vs. 25.8 ± 4.5 kg/m2).

Conclusion:
The non-pharmacological practices were not up to the standards of current recommendations for the management of T2DM. Hence, there is a need to improve the motivation of the participants to adapt to a healthy lifestyle.
Role of Yoga in Prehypertension and Hypertension
Authors: Kumar Anil , Keshavamurthy G , Singh Navreet , Singh Balwinder , Vaidya Rajesh , Roy Tanmoy , Singh S P , Gupta Ankush , Bajaj Nitin , Barwad Parag , Singh Ekambir 
Published: June 2024

Background:
The high prevalence of hypertension in India necessitates both pharmacological and nonpharmacological measures to control it. Here, we report the findings of a study to investigate the effectiveness of yoga therapy in lowering blood pressure (BP) in prehypertensive and hypertensive individuals.

Methods:
This was a single center, nonrandomized controlled clinical trial, of 200 hypertensives and 100 prehypertensives patients. The control group received the prescribed antihypertensive and lifestyle modification while the yoga group was additionally taught simple yogic exercise by a trained yoga teacher. This training included intensive supervised phase 2-h training sessions in Ujjayi breathing, Bhastrika Pranayama and chanting of “Om” for 10 lessons, followed by self-performed yogic exercise at home for 1 h till the end of study at 1 year.

Results:
The systolic BP (SBP) in the hypertensive yoga group was significantly lower (t = 3.04,P< 0.01) than the control group at 6 months, but not so at 1 year (SBP t = 0.53,P> 0.05). In the prehypertensive participants, at 6 months (t = 5.85,P= 0.00), and 1 year (t = 6.385,P< 0.05) a significant difference was observed between SBP of the two groups However, no significant difference was observed between the diastolic BP among hypertensives or prehypertensives at 6 months and 1 year.

Conclusion:
Our present study indicates that yoga therapy is a viable adjunct to pharmacological intervention to reduce SBP in the management of hypertension and prehypertension and that yoga should be incorporated in the treatment regime of such patients, specifically for individuals who have prehypertension.
Large‐area stretchable oxide thin‐film transistor arrays with sandwiched molybdenum in serpentine structure
Authors: Na Jeho , Oh Himchan , Kim Sujung , Na Bock Soon , Choi Ji Hun , Oh Ji‐Young , Byun Chunwon , Park Chan Woo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStretchable electronics are gaining attention with the development of skin‐compatible health monitoring sensors and robotics applications. However, existing stretchable electronics show a tradeoff between reliability and stretchability when constructing transistor arrays. We aim to construct highly stretchable thin‐film transistor (TFT) arrays with high reliability for large sensor backplanes. The fabricated structure comprises oxide TFTs and serpentine‐shaped molybdenum interconnects that are sandwiched between top and bottom polyimide layers, achieving robustness under repeated tensile strain. Different materials for polyimide etch masks (i.e., aluminum, silicon nitride, and indium tin oxide) are tested. Within an 83.7 mm × 61 mm area, TFT arrays with a resolution of 25 pixels per inch can be stretched up to 30% without considerable performance degradation. As our TFTs are fabricated using common materials from display manufacturing, our development and findings may substantially benefit stretchable electronic industries where high reliability is required for large‐area panels.
Теоретичні основи конкурентної стратегії та конкурентноспроможності підприємства
Authors: Соболєва Ганна Григорівна 
Published: June 2024

Конкурентна стратегія є порівняно новим інструментом, процесом при досягненні запланованих цілей та результатів підприємства. Необхідність її використанні спричинена зростанням конкуренції на ринку. До того ж, мінливість зовнішнього середовища є доволі швидкою, що зумовлює посилення реагування та відповідної адаптації для існування та функціонування підприємства на ринку. У свою чергу конкурентна стратегія покликана створити відповідні умови для своєчасного реагування та спрогнозувати можливі ризики, що допоможе більш впевнено вести діяльність на ринку. Зараз вкрай важливо, щоб підприємства розробляли та впроваджували ефективні конкурентні стратегії для досягнення стабільного зростання та успіху. Стратегія включає в себе такі елементи, як розширення асортименту товару, вдосконалення процесів виробництва. Концепція конкурентної стратегії підкреслює важливість створення унікальної та стійкої позиції в галузі, щоб залишатися попереду конкурентів. Конкурентна стратегія, як філософія бізнесу передбачає, що всі аспекти функціонування бізнесу мають бути підпорядковані стратегічним цілям. Більш того, стратегічне управління передбачає використання стратегії, як основного інструменту забезпечення розвитку підприємства. Конкурентоспроможність також передбачає підвищення ефективності фінансово-господарських показників у довгостроковій перспективі. Для отримання позитивних результатів необхідно вибрати ефективні підходи до стратегічного управління та забезпечити управлінський процес у прийнятті управлінських рішень. Конкурентна стратегія базується на глибокому розумінні та аналізі зовнішнього середовища, включаючи конкурентів, клієнтів, постачальників. Структура клнкуренції визначає п’ять ключових факторів, які формують інтенсивність конкуренції та привабливість галузі: загроза нових учасників, переговорна сила покупців, переговорна сила постачальників, загроза товарів або послуг-замінників та інтенсивність конкуренції. суперництво.
KEMAMPUAN LITERASI MATEMATIS SISWA SMP DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL ARITMATIKA SOSIAL DITINJAU DARI GAYA BELAJAR DAVID KOLB
Authors: Amelia Elisa , Pujiastuti Heni , Nindiasari Hepsi 
Published: June 2024

Researchers in this article describe the mathematical literacy skills of junior high school students in solving social arithmetic problems in terms of David Kolb's learning style. This research method uses descriptive qualitative with 26 students of SMPN 2 Cileles class VIII B as the research subjects. This study used mathematical literacy test instruments, David Kolb learning style questionnaire, and interview guidelines. The results showed that each learning style had varied mathematical literacy skills. Upper divergent students were able to fulfill three mathematical process indicators. Middle divergent students are only able to formulate the context mathematically and use mathematical concepts, facts and procedures. Lower divergent students are only able to formulate the context mathematically. Upper assimilation students were able to fulfill three process indicators Moderate assimilation students were able to fulfill three process indicators in part of the problem. Lower assimilation students were only able to formulate the context mathematically. Upper and medium convergent students were able to fulfill the three mathematical process indicators in part of the problem. Lower convergent students are only able to formulate the context mathematically. Upper and medium accommodation students were able to fulfill three mathematical process indicators in part of the problem. Lower accommodation students were only able to fulfill one process indicator, namely formulating the context mathematically
ESTIMASI PARAMETER BERDISTRIBUSI PARETO MODEL SURVIVAL DENGAN METODE BAYESIAN PRECAUTIONARY LOSS FUNCTION
Authors: Ilahi Ridhatul , Yanuar Ferra , Devianto Dodi 
Published: June 2024

The aim of this research is to determine the estimation of the scale parameters (θ) of a Pareto distributed survival model with known shape parameters (λ) using the Bayesian Precautionary Loss Function method using the Gamma prior. The data used in this research is secondary data in the form of data on the length of stay for Coronary Heart Disease patients from January 2023 - August 2023 obtained from M. Zein Painan Regional Hospital. Estimation of survival function parameters with the Bayesian Precautionary Loss Function method from the Pareto distribution using Gamma priors obtained and the value of the survival function with the Bayesian Precautionary Loss Function method calculates the chances of living in cases of Coronary Heart Disease sufferers to be higher. And will be evaluated using the AIC and BIC methods
Digital Marketing Strategies and Performance of Tour Operators Supply Chain in the Tourism Industry
Authors: Mwalukasa Boniface Emmanuel 
Published: June 2024

Digital marketing strategies are vital in enhancing the performance of tour operators’ supply chains within the tourism sector, increasing visitor numbers, sales, and profit, indirectly affecting the economic growth of a community. The number of international visitors in Tanzania has remained constant at about one million since 2012. This study investigates the effects of digital marketing Strategies on the performance of tour operators' supply chains in Tanzania, guided by the Resource-Based View theory. Employing a convergent parallel mixed-method design, the study includes a sampling frame consisting of 543 tour operators with a sample size of 230 firms. Data collection involved the utilization of both structured questionnaires and interview guides, followed by analysis employing descriptive statistics and Structural Equation Modelling. The findings demonstrate a positive significant relationship between digital marketing strategies and tour operators’ supply chain performance. The results suggest the integration of Artificial Intelligence into the digital marketing strategies mix to facilitate personalized messaging and enhance analytics. Tour operators need to engage skilled information and communication technology experts and institute continuous training initiatives to increase the quality of their websites and social media platforms ensuring visitors receive updated content to capture the attention of visitors. Attentiveness to visitors’ online feedback is crucial for enhancing product and service delivery and tour operators should focus on increasing website traffic. The results are useful to stakeholders in enhancing the promotion of tourism products and services leading to an increasing the number of visitors.