bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complexation of Palladium(II) with Unsaturated Dithioethers – A Systematic Development of Highly Selective Ligands for Solvent Extraction
Authors: Traeger Juliane , Klamroth Tillmann , Kelling Alexandra , Lubahn Susanne , Cleve Ernst , Mickler Wulfhard , Heydenreich Matthias , Müller Holger , Holdt Hans‐Jürgen 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThere is a demand for new and robust PdIIextractants due to growing recycling rates. Chelating dithioethers are promising substances for solvent extraction as they form stable square‐planar complexes with PdII. We have modified unsaturated dithioethers, which are known to coordinate PdII, and adapted them to the requirements of industrial practice. The ligands are analogues of 1,2‐dithioethene with varying electron‐withdrawing backbones and polar end‐groups. The crystal structures of several ligands and their palladium complexes were determined as well as their electro‐ and photochemical properties, complex stability and behaviour in solution. Solvent extraction experiments showed the superiority of some of our ligands over conventionally used extractants in terms of their very fast reaction rates. With highly selective 1,2‐bis(2‐methoxyethylthio)benzene (4) it is possible to extract PdIIfrom a highly acidic medium in the presence of other base and palladium‐group metals.
Substructure shake table test method using a controlled mass: formulation and numerical simulation
Authors: Nakata Narutoshi , Stehman Matthew 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYThis study proposes a new substructure shake table test method that allows for experimental investigation of the lower portion of structures while the upper part is numerically analyzed. Compatibility conditions are derived to ensure that the dynamic characteristics of the substructured system are equivalent to the reference entire structure. This method utilizes controlled masses to incorporate interface forces from the computational substructure to the experimental substructure. A feasible implementation procedure for the interface force compatibility is developed using a series of conversions and signal processing. For validation of the capabilities and limitations of the proposed substructure method, numerical simulations are performed using detailed models including dynamics of the controlled mass systems. Results from the numerical simulations showed that the proposed substructure method produced comparable results to the reference entire simulations. The average error between top floor displacements produced by substructured and entire responses for earthquake inputs was 7.1%. Numerical studies showed that the substructure method has potential to serve as an alternative to shaking table tests of entire structures. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Remote detection of interfered downlinks in wireless cellular systems
Authors: Reyes‐Guerrero J. C. , Murillo‐Fuentes J. J. , Olmos P. M. 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTThis work provides a novel technological solution to jamming in wireless systems, particularly to remotely detect interfered communications in a cellular network. The new system is focused on the detection of a failure in a link between a base station and a fixed wireless terminal located in a residential or business area. It has an important impact in security systems based on wireless terminals to transmit an alarm to a central station. In these systems, non‐authorised people can prevent the transmission of the alarm by using a short‐range jammer. The main advantage of this proposal is that it is non‐intrusive; that is, no modification is needed in the base station, and no protocol modification is performed in the terminal. The detection is implemented in an external unit developed on a software‐defined radio platform. The novel system proposed is valid for any cellular system and operator. In this work, we focus on its implementation in the GSM/GPRS system to illustrate its benefits and outline the method for Universal Mobile Telecommunications System. We describe the results of some experiments where the system successfully detects the presence of a short‐range jammer in a real scenario. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Study on flashover in a single chamber lined with combustible materials
Authors: Chen Aiping , Zhou Liang , Lu Shizheng 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYWith the theories of fire dynamics and relevant parameters of combustible lining materials, a predicted model of hot gas layer temperature during pre‐flashover stage of enclosure fires was established, and the effects of lining materials on the likelihood of flashover were theoretically analyzed. By using common commercial lining materials, such as wall papers, foam plastics, wood‐based panels, and fabric‐upholstered wall panel, the phenomenon of flashover was reproduced in a small‐scale firebox of 1/4 sizes of ISO 9705 test chamber. By comparing the theoretical results with experimental data, the equation predicting the hot gas layer of quasi‐steady enclosure fires was gained; an indicator IFO to reflect overall the hazards of flashover and to classify flashover fires was proposed, and its application was initially studied. The study results can be helpful to explain further and overall the effects of lining materials on enclosure fires and can be used to guide the prevention of flashover by choosing appropriate interior decoration materials. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proper cerebellar development requires expression of β1‐integrin in Bergmann glia, but not in granule neurons
Authors: Frick Alexandra , Grammel Daniel , Schmidt Felix , Pöschl Julia , Priller Markus , Pagella Pierfrancesco , von Bueren André O. , Peraud Aurelia , Tonn Jörg‐Christian , Herms Jochen , Rutkowski Stefan , Kretzschmar Hans A. , Schüller Ulrich 
Published: February 2012

Abstractβ1‐class integrins play essential roles both in developmental biology as well as in cancer. Particularly, a Nestin‐driven deletion of β1‐integrin receptors results in severe abnormalities of brain development including a laminar disorganization of cerebellar granule neurons. However, since Nestin is expressed in all kinds of neural precursors, these data do not allow conclusions to be drawn about the role of β1‐integrins in distinct neuronal and glial cell types. By generating conditional knockout mice using granule cell‐specific Math1‐promoter sequences, we show here that the expression of β1‐integrins in granule neurons is dispensable for the development of the cerebellum. Also, deletion of β1‐integrin from tumors that arise in a mouse model of granule cell precursor‐derived medulloblastoma did not result in a significant survival benefit. Last, expression levels of β1‐integrin in human medulloblastoma samples did not predict patient's outcome. However, a β1‐integrin knockout using hGFAP‐promoter sequences led to cerebellar hypoplasia, inappropriate positioning of Bergmann glia cells in the molecular layer, undirected outgrowth of radial glia fibers, and granule cell ectopia. We therefore conclude that β1‐integrin expression in cerebellar granule neurons is not essential during normal development or medulloblastoma formation. In fact, it is the expression of β1‐integrin in glia that is crucial for the proper development of the cerebellar cortex. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Differential effects of substrate modulus on human vascular endothelial, smooth muscle, and fibroblastic cells
Authors: Robinson Karyn G. , Nie Ting , Baldwin Aaron D. , Yang Elaine C. , Kiick Kristi L. , Akins Robert E. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractRegenerative medicine approaches offer attractive alternatives to standard vascular reconstruction; however, the biomaterials to be used must have optimal biochemical and mechanical properties. To evaluate the effects of biomaterial properties on vascular cells, heparinized poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)‐based hydrogels of three different moduli, 13.7, 5.2, and 0.3 kPa, containing fibronectin and growth factor were utilized to support the growth of three human vascular cell types. The cell types exhibited differences in attachment, proliferation, and gene expression profiles associated with the hydrogel modulus. Human vascular smooth muscle cells demonstrated preferential attachment on the highest‐modulus hydrogel, adventitial fibroblasts demonstrated preferential growth on the highest‐modulus hydrogel, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells demonstrated preferential growth on the lowest‐modulus hydrogel investigated. Our studies suggest that the growth of multiple vascular cell types can be supported by PEG hydrogels and that different populations can be controlled by altering the mechanical properties of biomaterials. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 2012.
Promoted healing of femoral defects with in situ grown fibrous composites of hydroxyapatite and poly(DL‐lactide)
Authors: Zou Bin , Chen Xian , Zhi Wei , Liu Yaowen , Cui Wenguo , Hu Shuchun , Li Xiaohong 
Published: February 2012

AbstractAlthough, electrospun composite fibers have shown promise in enhancing growth, differentiation, and mineralization of osteoblasts in vitro, bone repairing capabilities have not been clarified after in vivo implantation up to now. In situ grown composites (IGC) of hydroxyapatite (HA) and poly(DL‐lactide) (PDLLA) were obtained from electrospun fibers grafted with gelatin as the induction sites for HA growth. The presence and location of HA nanoparticles within electrospun fibers were proposed to affect the degradation and repairing process of femoral defects. Subcutaneous implantation of IGC led to around 90% of mass loss and 75% of molecular weight reduction during 16 weeks, which were significantly higher than those after in vitro degradation in buffer solutions. In vitro tests on MC3T3‐E1 cells indicated that IGC acted as a better cell support to provide favorable conditions for cell proliferation and to stimulate the osteogenic differentiation as compared with electrospun PDLLA fibers, and blend electrospun fibrous composites. Femoral defects were created for in vivo evaluation of bone repairing, indicating that the entire defect was filled by newly formed bone with compact structure after 16 week implantation of IGC. Histological and SEM observations demonstrated a successful bridging of the critical‐sized defect with rapid mineralization, continual remodeling, and abundant vasculature. The in situ grown HA nanoparticles on the surface of electrospun fibers improved the biocompatibility with defect sites, promoted the bone formation within fibrous scaffolds and enhanced the bone remodeling, indicating potentials for bone regeneration and repairing of bone defects. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2012.
Adipogenesis on biphasic calcium phosphate using rat adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells: In vitro and in vivo
Authors: Venugopal Balu , Fernandez Francis B. , Babu Suresh S. , Harikrishnan V. S. , Varma Harikrishna , John Annie 
Published: February 2012

AbstractDeveloping adipose tissue‐engineered construct to mend soft tissue defects arising from traumatic injury, tumor resections, and maxillofacial abnormalities is of prime importance in plastic and reconstructive surgical procedures. It is apparent that the clinical outcome of classic techniques like adipose tissue transplantation is unpredictable, with graft resorption, lack of vascularization, and impaired functionality. In this prospective, the concept of tissue engineering was adopted to fabricate a combination product with biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) and rat adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) toward the development of an adipose tissue construct. BCP, a combination of hydroxyapatite and α‐tricalcium phosphate, was characterized for its physiochemical properties, and ASCs were characterized for their stemness. The cell–ceramic interactions were demonstrated in vitro, whereas adipogenesis was picturesquely depicted by Nile red‐stained multilocular adipocyte‐like cells. Subsequently, the three‐dimensional cell–ceramic‐engineered construct was implanted in the rat dorsal muscle for a period of 3 weeks to demonstrate the efficacy of the tissue construct in vivo. Interestingly, the histology of the postimplanted tissue construct revealed the distribution of chicken wire net‐like fat cells within the vicinity of the construct. The efficacy of cell transplantation via the scaffold was traced using fluorescent in situ hybridization by labeling the Y chromosome. Thus, the ceramic‐based construct may be a good option for reconstruction therapies. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2012.
Prosecution Rate and Quality of the Investigative Interview in Child Sexual Abuse Cases
Authors: Hagborg Johan Melander , Strömwall Leif A. , Tidefors Inga 
Published: February 2012

AbstractOne suggested reason for the low prosecution rate in child sexual abuse cases is the poor quality of the interviews. The present study examined the extent to which a number of aspects of interview quality were used by interviewers at a Children's Advocacy Centre in Sweden. Furthermore, the relationship between aspects of interview quality and the prosecution rate was examined. Transcripts of investigative interviews with 3‐year‐old to 16‐year‐old children who all reported on sexual abuse were assessed (n = 32). There were no effects found concerning the relationship between prosecution rate on the one hand, and interview quality, age, and the child's relationship with the suspected offender on the other. The interviews with older children were, on several aspects, scored as higher in quality. The relationships between these findings and child sexual abuse investigations and interviews are discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Combined magnitude and phase‐based segmentation of the cerebral cortex in 7T MR images of the elderly
Authors: Doan Nhat Trung , van Rooden Sanneke , Versluis Maarten J. , Webb Andrew G. , van der Grond Jeroen , van Buchem Mark A. , Reiber Johan H.C. , Milles Julien 
Published: February 2012

AbstractPurpose:To propose a new method that integrates both magnitude and phase information obtained from magnetic resonance (MR) T*2‐weighted scans for cerebral cortex segmentation of the elderly.Materials and Methods:This method makes use of K‐means clustering on magnitude and phase images to compute an initial segmentation, which is further refined by means of transformation with reconstruction criteria. The method was evaluated against the manual segmentation of 7T in vivo MR data of 20 elderly subjects (age = 67.7 ± 10.9). The added value of combining magnitude and phase was also evaluated by comparing the performance of the proposed method with the results obtained when limiting the available data to either magnitude or phase.Results:The proposed method shows good overlap agreement, as quantified by the Dice Index (0.79 ± 0.04), limited bias (average relative volume difference = 2.94%), and reasonable volumetric correlation (R = 0.555, p = 0.011). Using the combined magnitude and phase information significantly improves the segmentation accuracy compared with using either magnitude or phase.Conclusion:This study suggests that the proposed method is an accurate and robust approach for cerebral cortex segmentation in datasets presenting low gray/white matter contrast. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;36:99–109. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals Inc.
Generalized eigenvalue passivity assessment of descriptor systems with applications to symmetric and singular systems
Authors: Knockaert L. , Ferranti F. , Dhaene T. 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYThis paper proposes general eigenvalue‐based passivity tests for descriptor state space systems, extending the already available tests for standard state space systems. Generalized eigenvalue tests are proposed to identify passivity violations in the positive‐real and bounded‐real cases. The important practical case of singular descriptor state space systems is also treated. The proposed passivity tests for descriptor systems can be used in the important case of symmetric (reciprocal) systems, as symmetric systems can always be cast in an explicitly reciprocal descriptor state space format. Also, passivity violation assessment methods are developed in the important case of strictly proper symmetric systems, as in that case the classical test matrices for passivity assessment are undefined. Finally, some pertinent numerical examples are given to demonstrate the usefulness and scope of the different passivity violation assessment tests. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How do leaders use emotional labor?
Authors: Humphrey Ronald H. 
Published: February 2012

SummaryLeaders use emotional labor to regulate their own emotions and to manage the moods, job attitudes, and performance of their followers. Researchers need to examine how emotional labor is related to (i) leadership styles, (ii) leader and subordinate stress and well‐being, (iii) leader authenticity and character, and (iv) leader effectiveness. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preoperative embolization of replaced right hepatic artery prior to pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Cloyd Jordan M. , Chandra Venita , Louie John D. , Rao Sekhar , Visser Brendan C. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractAberrancy of the hepatic arterial anatomy is common. Because of its course directly adjacent to the head of the pancreas, a replaced right hepatic artery (RHA) is vulnerable to invasion by peri‐pancreatic malignancies. Division of the RHA at the time of pancreaticoduodenectomy, however, may result in hepatic infarction and/or bilioenteric anastomotic complications. We report two cases of patients undergoing preoperative embolization of tumor encased replaced RHAs to allow for sufficient collateralization prior to pancreaticoduodenectomy. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:509–512. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Wideband acoustic transfer functions predict middle‐ear effusion
Authors: Ellison John C. , Gorga Michael , Cohn Edward , Fitzpatrick Denis , Sanford Chris A. , Keefe Douglas H. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Compare the accuracy of wideband acoustic transfer functions (WATFs) measured in the ear canal at ambient pressure to methods currently recommended by clinical guidelines for predicting middle‐ear effusion (MEE).Study Design:Cross‐sectional validating diagnostic study among young children with and without MEE to investigate the ability of WATFs to predict MEE.Methods:WATF measures were obtained in an MEE group of 44 children (53 ears; median age, 1.3 years) scheduled for middle‐ear ventilation tube placement and a normal age‐matched control group of 44 children (59 ears; median age, 1.2 years) with normal pneumatic otoscopic findings and no history of ear disease or middle‐ear surgery. An otolaryngologist judged whether MEE was present or absent and rated tympanic‐membrane (TM) mobility via pneumatic otoscopy. A likelihood‐ratio classifier reduced WATF data (absorbance, admittance magnitude and phase) from 0.25 to 8 kHz to a single predictor of MEE status. Absorbance was compared to pneumatic otoscopy classifications of TM mobility.Results:Absorbance was reduced in ears with MEE compared to ears from the control group. Absorbance and admittance magnitude were the best single WATF predictors of MEE, but a predictor combining absorbance, admittance magnitude, and phase was the most accurate. Absorbance varied systematically with TM mobility based on data from pneumatic otoscopy.Conclusions:Results showed that absorbance is sensitive to middle‐ear stiffness and MEE, and WATF predictions of MEE in young children are as accurate as those reported for methods recommended by the clinical guidelines. Laryngoscope, 2012
Screening for obstructive sleep apnea in treacher‐collins syndrome
Authors: Plomp Raul G. , Joosten Koen F. M. , Wolvius Eppo B. , Hoeve Hans L. J. , Poublon Rene M. L. , van Montfort Kees A. G. M. , Bredero‐Boelhouwer Hansje H. , Mathijssen Irene M. J. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:This study evaluated the accuracy of established obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) questionnaires based on presenting symptoms and complaints as screening tools for OSAS in Treacher‐Collins syndrome (TCS).Study Design:Cross‐sectional cohort study.Methods:In 35 TCS patients (13 children, 22 adults) in whom diagnostic polysomnographic results on OSAS were available, the Brouillette score was evaluated in children and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale in adults.Results:The total Brouillette score showed a sensitivity of 50%, specificity of 71%, and positive and negative predictive values of 60% and 63%, respectively. The answer “No” to the question as to whether a child snored could rule out OSAS in children, and showed positive and negative predictive values of 55% and 100%, respectively. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale showed a sensitivity of 0%, specificity of 92%, and positive and negative predictive values of 0% and 57%, respectively. A positive answer to the question of whether a person falls asleep while sitting and talking to someone (sometimes or more) was able to predict OSAS in adults; this question had positive and negative predictive values of 100% and 72%, respectively.Conclusions:This cross‐sectional cohort study showed that the Brouillette score and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale are of minimal usefulness in TCS. Diagnosis of OSAS based solely on complaints is not reliable, probably due to habituation. Therefore, for a good evaluation and optimal multidisciplinary treatment of this chronic disease in TCS, all newly referred pediatric and adult TCS patients should be screened for OSAS at least once with polysomnography. Laryngoscope, 2012
Late complications of nickel–titanium alloy stent in tracheal stenosis
Authors: Chen Wenxian , Ruan Yanyan 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To investigate and treat the late complications of using nickel–titanium alloy stents in laryngotracheal, bronchial, and esophageal stenosis patients who developed severe laryngotracheal stenosis (SLS).Study Design:Retrospective clinical study.Methods:Thirteen patients with SLS or tracheoesophageal fistula secondary to insertion of a nickel–titanium alloy stent for treatment of laryngotracheal, bronchial, or esophageal stenosis treated between May 2004 and March 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Of the 13 total patients, nine had one stent placed, and four had two stents placed. The late complications observed were glottic and/or subglottic extension of cervical tracheal stenosis (n = 6), new stricture of the thoracic trachea (n = 4), severe left bronchial stricture with massive left pulmonary collapse (n = 1), and cervical tracheoesophageal fistula (n = 2).Results:Six patients with glottic and/or subglottic to cervical tracheal stenosis underwent successful laryngotracheal reconstruction. Two patients with subglottic and upper thoracic tracheal stenosis were successfully treated by staged operation for the stenosis. Two patients with subglottic and distal thoracic tracheal stenosis are still undergoing treatment. One patient with severe left bronchial stricture and massive left pulmonary collapse has been treated but has not achieved full recovery. One patient with cervical tracheoesophageal fistula underwent successful repair but died later from metastatic disease. One patient with tracheoesophageal fistula died from massive hemorrhage and asphyxiation induced by the stent, which had not been removed.Conclusions:The nickel–titanium alloy stents should be used with extreme caution in patients with laryngotracheal, bronchial, or esophageal stenosis treatment that can be corrected by surgical therapy. Laryngoscope, 2012