bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NaCl‐Tolerance of Campylobacter isolates from birds and Campylobacter type strains and variation of their serological behaviour
Authors: Glünder G. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryGrowth on media containing 1.5% NaCl is one of the criteria for phenotypical differentiation of Campylobacter laridis from other thermophilic Campylobacter spp. Campylobacter isolates from birds and Campylobacter type strains could be adapted to growth at 3% NaCl within 19 to 72 subsequent passages on nutrient agar with increasing salt contents. The acquisition of salt‐tolerance was stable after ten passages on media without salt and did not induce changes in other phenotypical characteristics. The results of slide agglutination demonstrate changes in the antigenic pattern of the Campylobacter strains after growth in salt. Heat‐labile and heat‐stable antigens of the salt‐tolerant variants of Campylobacter type strains differed from those of the parent strains.
Comparaison de Deux Antigénes de Nature polysaccharidique pour le Diagnostic Sérologique par ELISA de la Pleuropneumonie Porcine (Sérotype 5)
Authors: Alambedji R. Bada , Dubreuil J. D. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryComparison of two polysaccharidic antigens for ELISA serodiagnosis of pig pleuropneumonia (serotype 5)Two antigens of polysaccharidic nature were evaluated for their specificity in serodiagnosis of porcine pleuropneumonia (serotype 5). Recently, long chains lipopolysaccharides (LC‐LPS) was shown to increase the specificity of the ELISA test forA. pleuropneumoniaeserotype 5 compared to a saline extract of boiled‐formalinized whole cells. Nevertheless, some cross reactions were noticed with LC‐LPS. We have thus cleaved the LPS molecule at the ketosidic bond between the lipid A and the core. The lipid A was separated from the polysaccharide (PS) by centrifugation. With an indirect sandwich ELISA, it was possible to demonstrate that the PS yielded positive responses with homologous sera (serotype 5) and negative responses with heterologous sera (serotype 3 and undeterminated serotype). Overall, the use of the PS did not notably increase the specificity of the ELISA test. Since production of PS from LC‐LPS and its separation from the lipid A is not simple, we do not recommend its use in serodiagnosis.RésuméDeux antigènes de nature polysaccharidique ont été évalués pour leur spécificité dans le diagnostic sérologique de la pleuropneumonie porcine (sérotype 5). Récemment, les lipopolysaccharides à longues chaînes (LC‐LPS), ont permis une augmentation de la spécificité par rapport à l'utilisation d'un extrait salin à chaud de cellules totales formolées. Toutefois, certaines réactions croisées ont aussi été notées avec les LC‐LPS. Nous avons donc scindé les LC‐LPS au niveau du lien cétosidique présent entre le lipide A et le core. Le polysaccharide (PS), constitué du core et de la chaîne O, fut alors séparé du lipide A par centrifugation. Grâce à un test ELISA sandwich indirect, il a été possible de démontrer que le PS donnait des réponses positives avec les sérums homologues (antisérotype 5) et des réponses négatives avec des sérums hétérologues (sérotype 3 et indéterminé). En résumé, l'utilisation du PS n'a pas sensiblement amélioré la spécificité de l'épreuve ELISA. L'hydrolyse du LC‐LPS et la séparation du PS du lipide A étant laborieuse et complexe, nous ne recommandons pas son utilisation pour le diagnostic sérologique.
Uterine and Placental Alterations in Pregnant Sows Associated with the Porcine Epidemic Abortion and Respiratory Syndrome (PEARS)
Authors: Stockhofe‐Zurwieden N. , Camarro J. A. Navarro , Grosse‐Beilage E. , Chavez J. , Pohlenz J. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryIn the winter of 1990/91 a new, economically devastating disease occured in european pig breeding herds, characterized by late‐term abortion, stillbirth and a high morbidity and mortality of suckling piglets. Because of the clinical picture the disease was named porcine epidemic and respiratory syndrome (PEARS). In this study investigations were carried out in tissues of uterus and placentae of late gestational sows (107 to 112 days of gestation) in three different groups of animals: group I = control animals (n=2) group II = naturally infected sows (n=12) from farms, where PEARS recently had been introduced; group III = sows (n=2), experimentally inoculated with placental homogenates from animals of group II. Both in naturally infected as well as in experimentally infected sows a multifocal, lymphohistiocytic vasculitis and perivascular cell infiltration was observed in the endometrium and maternal part of the placenta, but not in the fetal one. In the fetomaternal unit there were multifocal microseparations of the epithelial layers present.Transmission electron microscopically spherical or oval virus‐like particles of 45 to 75 nm in diameter were frequently found on the surface of endothelial cells of blood vessels in the maternal placenta, in a few cases in the intercellular channel system between uterine epithelial cells or on endothelial cells of capillaries in the fetal placenta. Serological results indicate, that an infection with Lelystad virus had occured in naturally and experimentally infected sows and that transplacental infection was present.
A Close Comparative Study on the Response of Sheep and Goats to Experimental Orf Infection
Authors: Housawi F.M.T. , Elzein E.M.E. Abu , Gameel A.A. , Alafaleq A.I. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryA comparative experimental study of the clinico‐pathological and serological response of sheep and goats to orf infection was made. All infected animals depicted typical orf lesions and seroconverted. The clinical, serological, gross and histopathological responses were similar in both species. However, the disease span was longer in sheep than in goats. It was concluded that sheep could play an important role in maintenance of the virus in the environment.
Experimental Aspergillosis in Goats: Clinical, Haematological and Mycological Studies
Authors: Mandal P. C. , Gupta P. P. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThirty‐one (including ten lactating) healthy goats were divided into 3 groups viz. intravenous (I/V), intratracheal (I/T) and intramammary (I/M) on the basis of route of inoculation of Aspergillus fumigatus spores. Two animals were kept as control for each group. Clinical aspergillosis developed and was more severe and fatal in consequence in I/V group than those of other groups. Respiratory symptoms appeared and persisted in both I/V and I/T groups. Acute mastitis developed in the right infected udder halves only with a brief and transitory illness in all goats of I/M group and marked discrepancy in size between right inoculated and left uninfected udder halves was observed. Haematological examination revealed significant decrease of haemoglobin concentration and significant increase in both TLC and DLC (neutrophilia) in I/V group but no marked haematological change was observed in I/T and I/M groups. Mycological isolation in pure culture, demonstration of fungus in the impression smears by lactophenol cotton blue staining and in histological sections by PAS and GSM methods were achieved in the lungs, kidneys, heart, liver, spleen and abomasum in I/V group, in the lungs and occasionally in the mediastinal lymph node and liver in I/T group and in the right infected udder halves and their milk/secretions in I/M group.
Natural Borna Disease in Domestic Animals Others than Horses and Sheep
Authors: Lundgren A.‐L. , Czech G. , Bode L. , Ludwig H. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryIn 24 cats (Uppsala, Sweden) with neurological signs of “staggering disease” and typical neuropathology, 44% had Borna disease virus (BDV)‐specific antibodies. In 173 cat sera (Berlin, Germany) of animals with unknown record, 7% were BDV positive. Out of 24 cats with undefined neurological disorders, 13% were BDV positive. Similarities in staggering disease of cats and Borna disease of horses and sheep suggest related etiological agents.
Diagnostic sérologique des salmonelloses aviaires: Mise au point d'un test ELISA utilisant des antigènes adsorbés à l'aide de sérums anticolibacillaires
Authors: Kles V. , Morin M. , Humbert F. , Lalande F. , Guittet M. , Bennejean G. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryA serological ELISA test for diagnosis of avian salmonellosis infections with Salmonella typhimurium or enteritidis has been established. Plates were coated half with a negative antigen and half with a positive antigen. Both negative and positive antigens were adsorbed with a monovalent agglutinant anti Escherichia coli serum prior to being distributed into wells of the plates. Sera from SPF birds and from SPF birds vaccinated and/or inoculated with numerous viruses or bacteria, or sera from conventional birds bacteriologically free of any salmonellosis were tested and the percentage of false positive reactions was inferior than 1%. In groups of birds naturally infected or experimentally inoculated with Salmonella enteritidis or typhimurium the percentages of positive individuals were ranged from 15 to more than 90% according to the doses and routes of inoculation and the delay between contamination and sampling.RésuméUn test sérologique pour le dépistage des salmonelloses aviaires à Salmonella typhimurium ou enteritidis a été mis au point. Les plaques étaient sensibilisées pour moitié avec un antigène négatif et pour moitié avec un antigène positif. Les deux antigènes positif et négatif étaient adsorbés avec un sérum agglutinant monovalent anti Escherichia coli avant d'être distribués dans les cupules. Des sérums d'oiseaux E.O.P.S., vaccinés et/ou inoculés avec différents virus ou bactéries ou non, ou des sérums d'oiseaux conventionnels bactériologiquement indemnes de salmonelles ont été testés. Moins de 1% de réactions positives ont été enregistrées. Parmi des lots d'oiseaux infectés naturellement ou expérimentalement inoculés avec Salmonella typhimurium ou enteritidis, les pourcentages d'individus positifs étaient compris entre 15 et plus de 90% selon les voies et doses d'inoculation et le délai entre la contamination et le prélèvement.
A Case of Bovine Mastitis caused byCampylobacter jejuni
Authors: Gudmundson J. , Chirino‐Trejo J. M. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryACampylobacter jejunimastitis in a Holstein cow, 60 days into the first lactation, is reported. This was characterized by a sudden onset, a pyrexia, painful quarter and pink milk with a few small clots present. There was good response to a treatment protocol of: parenteral oxytetracycline, frequent stripping and intramammary infusions of erythromycin. This organism has a zoonotic property.
Papovavirus‐Induced Trichogenous Tumours in Syrian Hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus)
Authors: Breuer W. , Hänichen T. , Mahnel H. , Hartmann G. , Hermanns W. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryTumorous, virus‐induced skin lesions in two golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) were characterized macroscopically and by means of light‐ and electron‐microscopy. Evidence of a virus was demonstrated in the ultra‐thin sections and by the negative staining method. The morphological findings confirm the assumption that infections with papoviruses — probably of the polyomavirus genus — were involved.
Experimental Encephalomyocarditis Virus Infection in Pigs
Authors: Foni E. , Barigazzi G. , Sidoli L. , Marcato P. S. , Sarli G. , Salda L. Della , Spinaci M. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryA field isolate of Encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus was inoculated intravenously into 8 pigs. Four animals died at post inoculation day (PID) 2, the remaining being sacrificed at PID 5, 7, 11 and 15. Two control, in‐contact pigs were sacrificed at PID 19.Virus was isolated from leucocytes and nasal swabs until PID 4, from rectal swabs until PID 2 and, in the pigs found dead at PID 2, from several organs. EMC virus was further isolated from brain and spleen of the pig sacrificed at PID 7. One of the 2 control pigs became infected: virus was isolated from nasal swabs at days 6 and 7 and from leucocytes at day 4 of the experiment. Serumneutralizing (SN) antibody was detected in the injected pigs starting from PID 4; two days later, it was also revealed in the infected, in‐contact control. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an experimental transmission of EMC virus infection in pigs by contact exposure.
Efficacy of Various Non‐Oily Adjuvants in Immunization Against the Aujeszky's Disease (Pseudorabies) Virus
Authors: Puentes E. , Cancio E. , Eiras A. , Nores M. V. , Aguilera A. , Regueiro B. J. , Seoane R. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryStandard oil and various non‐oily adjuvants were compared for use in immunization against the Aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus, both in mice and swine, and using either inactivated virions or purified glycoproteins as antigen. Mineral oil, sodium alginate, aluminium hydroxide, and saponin were assayed in mice as adjuvants for inactivated virions, saponin being the most efficient. The addition of Mab anti‐CD3 did not improve either immune response or protection achieved in mice using viral particles with oil or sodium alginate. When purified glycoproteins were used as antigens, the use of ISCOM greatly enhanced specific T‐cell responses and protection of mice. The incorporation of Mab anti‐CD3 into ISCOM conferred 100 % protection of mice. Surprisingly, when an ISCOM containing glycoproteins was assayed in swine in a single‐dose trial, no improvement on the protection conferred by the oily adjuvant was observed.
Comparison of the Use of UV Light and Nitrosoguanidine as Mutagenic Treatments in Aspergillus parasiticus
Authors: Garcia Marta‐E. , Suarez Guillermo 
Published: May 2010

SummaryIn the present work we study two different mutagenic methods in Aspergillus parasiticus: UV light and Nitrosoguanidine treatments.With UV light we obtained more suitable results, with survival percentage around 1 % in many experiments. With Nitrosoguanidine our results were around 10 % survival rate. We suggest the use of UV light to obtain mutants from A. parasiticus.
Investigations on the Antibacterial Effect of Conifer Needle Oils on Bacteria Isolated from the Feces of Captive Capercaillies (Tetrao urogallus L., 1758)
Authors: Schales C. , Gerlach H. , Kösters J. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryIn winter, free‐living Capercaillies feed almost exclusively upon needles of various conifer species. An important part of the energy and protein requirements of captive Capercaillies, however, is supplied by food rich in starch and proteins. The fecal flora of captive Capercaillies is considerably different from the flora of free‐living Capercaillies. Bacterial diseases are frequent in captivity. The aim of the present study is to determine whether the essential oils from conifer needles possess antibacterial properties against several bacteria, some of which are facultatively pathogenic for Capercaillies. Needles of Pinus sylvestris contain few tannins, which could be a reason for the Capercaillies preference for these needles. The needles of Abies alba contain high amounts of tannins and essential oils, which could explain the refusal of Capercaillies to eat these needles. The antibacterial effect of commercially available essential oils on the bacteria is investigated with a filter paper disc method and in a liquid medium. The essential oils possess a bacteriostatic or a bactericidal effect against some of the tested bacteria. Feeding on natural forage plants may help prevent the colonization of the intestines by facultatively pathogenic bacteria. The authors discuss why Capercaillies, especially young birds that are to be released, should be fed with natural forage plants.
Oxygen Concentration and Asexual Development of Eimeria tenella in Cell Cultures
Authors: Wrede D. , Salisch H. , Siegmann O. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryPrimary chicken kidney cells in FlexipermR cultures were either inoculated with Eimeria tenella sporozoites or incubated as noninoculated controls. Oxygen concentration was reduced (10 or 15 vol% O2, 5 vol% CO2) or increased (25 or 30 vol% O2, 5 vol% CO2) in a triple gas incubator (Heraeus B 5061 EK/O2) and retained in a CO2‐air incubator (20 vol% O2, 5 vol% CO2) 24 hours post inoculation (hpi). Mature second generation schizonts (mS2) were counted microscopically at 120 hpi and numbers were compared either as mS2 or mS2/cm2 confluent cells. Asexual development of Eimeria tenella was neither stimulated nor inhibited by different oxygen concentrations, indicating that higher numbers of schizonts in cultures under reducing conditions reported earlier are probably a result of increased invasion rates of sporozoites.
Effect of Age on Serum Concentrations of the Third Component of Complement in Dogs
Authors: Molleda J. M. , Lucena R. , López R. , Novales M. , Moreno P. , Ginel P. J. 
Published: May 2010

SummarySingle radial immunodiffusion was used to determine the concentration of the third component of complement (C3) in canine sera from 48 normal dogs in the following age groups: < 12 months, 12 to 24 months, and > 24 months. Mean serum C3 concentrations, expressed as the percentage of pooled reference sera from 20 dogs, showed a significant (P < 0.017) correlation with age in dogs less than 12 months old, while the character of this correlation was negative for dogs more than 24 months old (P < 0.056). Two‐way analysis of variance, for age and sex, revealed significant differences between C3 values from this two groups that were not present when compared with dogs aged between 12 and 24 months old. Sex had no effect on serum C3 concentrations.
Aerogene Immunstimulationen von Läuferschweinen gegen experimentell induzierte respiratorische Infektionen mit Pasteurella multocida
Authors: Müller G. , Köhler H. , Stache B. , Heilmann P. , Kludas K.‐H. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryAerogeneous immunostimulations of weaners against experimentally induced respiratory infections with Pasteurella multocidaThe clearance of Pasteurella, Bordetella and Haemophilus from the lung of weaners was increased by aerogeneous immunostimulations using a lysate mixture consisting of 12 strains of 8 bacterial species, as well as live and inactivated temperature sensitive mutants of Pasteurella multocida. The severity of experimental pneumonias caused by Pasteurella has also been decreased by this treatment.The effect of the lysate was shown to be unspecific and short, as antibody production against Pasteurella was not induced and no booster effect of subsequent aerogeneous immunizations with Pasteurella antigens could be detected.ZusammenfassungAerogene Immunstimulationen mit einem Lysatgemisch aus 12 Bakterienstämmen von 8 Spezies und mit temperatursensitiven Pasteurella‐multocida‐Mutanten lebend und inaktiviert steigern die Clearance von Pasteurellen, Bordetellen und Haemophilen aus der Lunge von Läuferschweinen und vermindern den Schweregrad experimentell induzierter Pasteurellen‐Pneumonien. Die Wirkung des Lysates ist unspezifisch und kurzzeitig. Es werden keine Antikörpertiter gegen Pasteurellen induziert und die Reaktionen lassen sich durch nachfolgende aerogene Immunisierungen mit Pasteurellenantigenen nicht boostern.
Relation between Serotype of Streptococci of Serological Group B and Growth Rate at Early Logarythmic Phase
Authors: Wibawan I. W. T. , Lämmler C. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryDetermination of growth rate of streptococci of serological group B at early logarythmic phase by measuring optical density of the growth medium and by measuring the change of conductivity of the culture fluid appeared to be closely related to the serotype of the respective cultures. Most of the human and bovine group B streptococci with type patterns Ia/c, II, III and IV exhibited clearly visible growth of the culture medium after 4 h incubation and changed the conductivity of the culture fluid to a point defined as time to detection within 4 h. No comparable growth could be observed with most of the cultures possessing type antigens R and X, either alone, or in combination with polysaccharide antigens. The importance of type specific capsule sialylation to the growth rate of the bacteria could be additionally shown with two group B streptococci of serotype III and their transposon mutagenized asialo capsular mutants. Both sialylated wild‐type group B streptococci grew much quicker than their asialo capsular mutants. The results from additional experiments revealed that the growth velocity seemed to be significantly related to the chain length of the bacteria, to growth patterns of the group B streptococci in fluid media and soft agar and to the surface hydrophobicity of the bacteria. Determination of growth rate at early logarythmic phase could be used to predict various degrees of capsular sialylation of group B streptococci. This might help to understand the pathogenicity of individual group B streptococcal isolates in clinical cases.
Production and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies Differentiating Subpopulations of Porcine B Lymphocytes in Blood and Lymphoid Tissues
Authors: Archetti I. L. , Capucci L. , Saalmüller A. , Verardi R. , König M. , Amadori M. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryMonoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against various subclasses of immunoglobulin molecules are important reagents for the characterization and differentiation of serum immunoglobulins (Ig) generated during immune responses. Furthermore, Ig‐specific mAbs can be powerful tools for the detection of B lymphocytes in blood and lymphoid organs. Here we describe two mAbs generated in our laboratories, named 1G6 and 2E8, which react with distinct epitopes on porcine immunoglobulin molecules. MAb 1G6 recognizes an epitope of an immunoglobulin chain with apparent molecular mass of 25 Kd. This chain represents an immunoglobulin light chain and might be the porcine equivalent of the murine and human kappa chain. MAb 2E8 is directed against porcine IgM molecules, recognizing an epitope of the porcine μ chain. The use of these mAbs was shown to avoid some common disadvantages of anti‐Ig polyclonal antisera, like the high background staining of cells and tissue culture sections in immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, the use of these mAbs in two‐color flow cytometry (FCM) versus a polyclonal anti‐porcine Ig antiserum enables distinct B‐lymphocyte subpopulations in blood and lymphoid organs to be detected. Our mAbs seem therefore to represent important and powerful reagents to identify and characterize porcine Ig isotypes and surface‐Ig positive porcine B lymphocytes; their discriminating power between distinct B lymphocyte subpopulations could prove useful in different fields of both applied and fundamental immunological research.
Prevalence of Antibodies to Streptococcus bovis Serotype 1 in Racing Pigeons
Authors: Herdt P. De , Haesebrouck F. , Devriese L. A. , Ducatelle R. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryIndirect ELISA techniques for the detection of antibodies to S. bovis serotypes 1, 2 and 3 in pigeon plasma were developed. Whole formaldehyde‐inactivated bacteria were used as coating antigens. Bound antibodies were detected with peroxidase‐conjugated rabbit anti‐pigeon serum and OPD and H2O2 as chromogen and substrate, respectively. ELISA was used to determine the prevalence of antibodies to S. bovis serotype 1 in healthy Belgian racing pigeons. Antibodies were demonstrated in 83 (= 37 %) of 225 samples tested. Results indicate that pigeons may build up plasma antibodies in the absence of clinical signs resembling septicaemia.
Vaccination of Chickens with Live Fowl Pox (FP) Vaccine in Oil
Authors: Peleg B. A. , Samina I. , Brenner J. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryLive fowl pox (FP) vaccine was adjuvanted in oil just prior to the subcutaneous (SC) vaccination of one day old chicks and adult chickens. The birds were challenged by the wing web (WW) method and absence of “takes” were considered as protection. On 21 day post challenge, 90 %–100 % of the chicks or chickens were protected while on day 9 post challenge 60 % were protected. Full protection of the live‐in‐oil adjuvanted vaccine is probably somewhat delayed as compared to protection endowed by the liquid vaccine. Incorporation of live FP vaccine in two different kinds of commercial Newcastle disease (ND) killed vaccine in oil, was shown to endow full protection following SC administration.