bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age-dependent regulation of sodium-potassium adenosinetriphosphatase and sodium-hydrogen exchanger mRNAs in equine nonglandular mucosa
Authors: Peretich Amanda L. , Abbott Lora L. , Andrews Frank M. , Dhar Madhu S. 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
Objective—To determine whether expression of mRNA for sodium-potassium adenosine-triphosphatase (NAKA) and sodium-hydrogen exchanger (NHE) in samples of the nonglandular portion of the equine gastric mucosa was altered by exposure to volatile fatty acids (VFAs) in an acidic environment.
Animals—10 horses (5 ≤ 5 years old and 5 ≥ 12 years old).
Procedures—Samples of the nonglandular portion of the gastric mucosa were collected and exposed in Ussing chambers to Ringer's solution (control samples), Ringer's solution containing a mixture of VFAs (pH, 1.5 or 4.0), or Ringer's solution containing acetic acid (pH, 1.5 or 4.0). Expression of mRNA for the gene for the β1 subunit of NAKA and the gene for the NHE-3 isoform was determined by means of real-time PCR assays.
Results—For horses ≤ 5 years old, relative expression of mRNA for NAKA was significantly decreased and expression of mRNA for NHE was significantly increased following exposure to the mixture of VFAs or acetic acid, compared with expression in control samples. In contrast, for horses ≥ 12 years old, relative expression of mRNA for both NAKA and NHE was significantly increased following exposure to the mixture of VFAs or acetic acid, compared with expression in control samples.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that relative expression of mRNA for NAKA, but not NHE, in samples of the nonglandular portion of the equine gastric mucosa in response to exposure to VFAs in an acidic environment was an age-dependent event.
Evaluation of serum iohexol clearance for use in predicting carboplatin clearance in cats
Authors: Bailey Dennis B. , Rassnick Kenneth M. , Prey Joshua D. , Dykes Nathan L. 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
Objective—To determine whether a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) assay based on serum iohexol clearance can be used to predict carboplatin clearance in cats.
Animals—10 cats with tumors.
Procedures—GFR was measured concurrently by use of plasma clearance of technetium Tc 99m–labeled diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA) to yield GFR99mTc-DTPA and serum clearance of iohexol to yield GFRIohexol. A single dose of carboplatin was administered IV as a bolus. Dose was calculated by use of a target value for the area under the plasma platinum concentration-versus-time curve (AUCTarget) and estimation of platinum clearance (CLPT) derived from GFR99mTc-DTPA as follows: dose = AUCTarget × 2.6 × GFR99mTc-DTPA × body weight, where AUCTarget is 2.75 min·mg·mL−1. Plasma platinum concentrations were measured via atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Values for GFR99mTc-DTPA and GFRIohexol were compared by use of least-squares regression and Bland-Altman analysis. Least-squares regression was used to determine whether CLPT could be predicted from GFR99mTc-DTPA or GFRIohexol (or both).
Results—GFR99mTc-DTPA and GFRIohexol were strongly correlated (r = 0.90), but GFRIohexol values were significantly larger by a factor of approximately 1.4. Platinum clearance had a significant linear relationship to GFR99mTc-DTPA (CLPT = 2.5 × GFR99mTc-DTPA) and to GFRIohexol (CLPT = [1.3 × GFRIohexol] + 1.4).
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—In cats, serum iohexol clearance was an accurate predictor of CLPT and can be used to calculate the carboplatin dose as follows: dose = AUCTarget × ([1.3 × GFRIohexol] + 1.4) × body weight.
Determinination of plasma osmolality and agreement between measured and calculated values in healthy adult Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis)
Authors: Acierno Mark J. , Mitchell Mark A. , Freeman Diana M. , Schuster Patricia J. , Guzman David Sanchez-Migallon , Tully Thomas N. 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
Objective—To determine plasma osmolality in healthy adult Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis) and validate osmolality equations in these parrots.
Animals—20 healthy adult Hispaniolan Amazon parrots.
Procedures—A blood sample (0.5 mL) was collected from the right jugular vein of each parrot and placed into a lithium heparin microtainer tube. Samples were centrifuged, and plasma was harvested and frozen at −30°C. Samples were thawed, and plasma osmolality was measured in duplicate with a freezing-point depression osmometer. The mean value was calculated for the 2 osmolality measurements.
Results—Plasma osmolality values were normally distributed, with a mean ± SD of 326.0 ± 6.878 mOsm/kg. The equations (2 × [Na+ + K+]) + (glucose/18), which resulted in bias of 2.3333 mOsm/kg and limits of agreement of −7.0940 to 11.7606 mOsm/kg, and (2 × [Na+ + K+]) + (uric acid concentration/16.8) + (glucose concentration/18), which resulted in bias of 5.8117 mOsm/kg and limits of agreement of −14.6640 to 3.0406 mOsm/kg, yielded calculated values that were in good agreement with the measured osmolality.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—IV administration of large amounts of hypotonic fluids can have catastrophic consequences. Osmolality of the plasma from parrots in this study was significantly higher than that of commercially available prepackaged fluids. Therefore, such fluids should be used with caution in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots as well as other psittacines. Additional studies are needed to determine whether the estimation of osmolality has the same clinical value in psittacines as it does in other animals.
Use of endovascular stents in three dogs with Budd-Chiari syndrome
Authors: Schlicksup Michael D. , Weisse Chick W. , Berent Allyson C. , Solomon Jeffrey A. 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
Case Description—3 dogs were examined because of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS), which is an obstruction of venous blood flow located between the liver and the junction of the caudal vena cava and right atrium. Two dogs had confirmed neoplastic obstructions, and the other dog had a suspected neoplastic obstruction of the hepatic veins and caudal vena cava.
Clinical Findings—All dogs had similar clinical signs of weight gain, lethargy, and ascites that did not respond to medical treatments, and 2 dogs had pitting edema of the hind limbs. Ultrasonography revealed a presumptive venous obstruction, which was confirmed by use of computed tomography.
Treatment and Outcome—Each dog was anesthetized. By use of fluoroscopic guidance, endovascular stents were placed within the left hepatic vein and caudal vena cava in 2 dogs, and a single stent was placed within the left hepatic vein extending into the caudal vena cava of the third dog. After stent placement, venous pressure in the left hepatic vein decreased. Resolution of clinical signs was dramatic in all 3 dogs (survival time ranged from 7 to 20 months), with only mild complications in 1 dog.
Clinical Relevance—Endovascular stents may be an appropriate palliative treatment for dogs with clinical signs attributable to BCS.
Clinicopathologic and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics associated with polioencephalomyelopathy in a Shih Tzu
Authors: Kent Marc , Platt Simon R. , Rech Raquel R. , Neravanda Dharshan , Uhl Elizabeth W. , Schatzberg Scott J. 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
Case Description—A 17-month-old 7-kg (15.4-lb) Shih Tzu was evaluated because of progressive thoracic limb weakness of 3 months' duration.
Clinical Findings—Neuroanatomic diagnosis was consistent with a lesion affecting the cervicothoracic (C6 through T2) spinal cord segments. Electrophysiologic testing revealed abnormal spontaneous activity in the thoracic limbs. Via magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, a lesion in the spinal cord that extended from the C5 through C7 vertebrae was detected, as were symmetric lesions in the cranial portion of the cervical spinal cord, caudal colliculi, and vestibular and cerebellar nuclei. Tests to detect metabolites indicative of inborn errors in metabolism revealed no abnormalities.
Treatment and Outcome—Prior to undergoing MR imaging, the dog received clindamycin (14 mg/kg [6.4 mg/lb], PO, q 12 h), trimethoprim-sulfadiazine (17 mg/kg [7.7 mg/lb], PO, q 12 h), and prednisone (1 mg/kg [0.45 mg/lb], PO, q 24 h). Because of its deteriorating condition, the dog was euthanized. During necropsy, gross lesions were identified in the cervical spinal cord, caudal colliculi, and vestibular and cerebellar nuclei (corresponding to lesions detected via MR imaging). Microscopic evaluation of the brain and spinal cord revealed polioencephalomyelopathy; there was severe spongiosis of the neuropil with reactive astrocytes (many with high numbers of swollen mitochondria) and preservation of large neurons.
Clinical Relevance—The form of polioencephalomyelopathy in the Shih Tzu of this report was similar to that described for Australian Cattle dogs; the similarity of findings in dogs with those in humans with Leigh disease is suggestive of a mitochondrial defect.
Ivermectin toxicosis in three adult horses
Authors: Swor Tamara M. , Whittenburg Jamie L. , Chaffin M. Keith 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
Case Description—3 adult Quarter Horses were evaluated for acute, progressive neurologic signs 18 hours after oral administration of 1 dose of 1.87% ivermectin paste.
Clinical Findings—Clinical signs included depression, forelimb and hind limb ataxia, drooping of the superior and inferior lips, and muscle fasciculations. Bilateral mydriasis, decreased pupillary light reflexes, and absent menace reflexes were evident. Clinical signs progressed in severity for 36 hours after administration of the ivermectin.
Treatment and Outcome—All horses were treated supportively with IV administration of fluids and anti-inflammatory medications. Two horses survived with no apparent long-term sequelae. One horse was euthanized, and a high concentration of ivermectin was detected in its brain tissue at postmortem examination. Analysis of the ivermectin concentration in the paste product revealed that the concentration was approximately that indicated on the packaging.
Clinical Relevance—Ivermectin toxicosis is an uncommonly reported condition in equids that should be considered when acute neurologic impairment develops after ivermectin administration. Recovery is possible with supportive care and time.
Comparison of single vaccination versus revaccination with a modified-live virus vaccine containing bovine herpesvirus-1, bovine viral diarrhea virus (types 1a and 2a), parainfluenza type 3 virus, and bovine respiratory syncytial virus in the prevention of bovine respiratory disease in cattle
Authors: Step Douglas L. , Krehbiel Clinton R. , Burciaga-Robles Luis O. , Holland Ben P. , Fulton Robert W. , Confer Anthony W. , Bechtol David T. , Brister David L. , Hutcheson John P. , Newcomb Harold L. 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
Objective—To compare effects of administration of a modified-live respiratory virus vaccine once with administration of the same vaccine twice on the health and performance of cattle.
Design—Randomized, controlled trial.
Animals—612 mixed-breed male cattle with unknown health histories.
Procedures—Cattle were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups (single vaccination treatment group [SVAC group] vs revaccination treatment group [REVAC group]) during the preconditioning phase of production. All cattle were given a modified-live respiratory virus vaccine. Eleven days later, REVAC group cattle received a second injection of the same vaccine. During the finishing phase of production, cattle from each treatment group were either vaccinated a third time with the modified-live respiratory virus vaccine or given no vaccine. Health observations were performed daily. Blood and performance variables were measured throughout the experiment.
Results—During preconditioning, no significant differences were observed in performance or antibody production between groups. Morbidity rate from bovine respiratory disease was lower for SVAC group cattle; however, days to first treatment for bovine respiratory disease were not different between groups. No significant differences in body weights, daily gains, or dry-matter intake between groups were observed during the finishing phase. Revaccination treatment group cattle had improved feed efficiency regardless of vaccination protocol in the finishing phase.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Vaccination once with a modified-live respiratory virus vaccine was as efficacious as vaccination twice in the prevention of bovine respiratory disease of high-risk cattle, although feed efficiency was improved in REVAC group cattle during the finishing period.
Stereotactic radiosurgery for convexity meningiomas
Authors: Kondziolka Douglas , Madhok Ricky , Lunsford L. Dade , Mathieu David , Martin Juan J. , Niranjan Ajay , Flickinger John C. 
Published: September 2009

Object
Meningiomas of the cerebral convexity are often surgically curable because both the mass and involved dura mater can be removed. Stereotactic radiosurgery has become an important primary or adjuvant treatment for patients with intracranial meningiomas. The authors evaluated clinical and imaging outcomes in patients with convexity meningiomas after radiosurgery.

Methods
The patient cohort consisted of 125 patients with convexity meningiomas managed using radiosurgery at some point during an 18-year period. The patient series included 76 women, 55 patients who had undergone prior resection, and 6 patients with neurofibromatosis Type 2. Tumors were located in frontal (80 patients), parietal (24 patients), temporal (12 patients), and occipital (9 patients) areas. The WHO tumor grades in patients with prior resections were Grade I in 34 patients, Grade II in 15 patients, and Grade III in 6 patients. Seventy patients underwent primary radiosurgery and therefore had no prior histological tumor diagnosis. The mean tumor volume was 7.6 ml. Radiosurgery was performed using the Leksell Gamma Knife with a mean tumor margin dose of 14.2 Gy.

Results
Serial imaging was evaluated in 115 patients (92%). After primary radiosurgery, the tumor control rate was 92%. After adjuvant radiosurgery, the control rate was 97% for Grade I tumors. The actuarial tumor control rates at 3 and 5 years for the entire series were 86.1 ± 3.8% and 71.6 ± 8.6%, respectively. For patients with benign tumors (Grade I) and those without prior surgery, the actuarial tumor control rate was 95.3 ± 2.3% and 85.8 ± 9.3%, respectively. Delayed resection after radiosurgery was performed in 9 patients (7%) at an average of 35 months. No patient developed a subsequent radiation-induced tumor. The overall morbidity rate was 9.6%. Symptomatic peritumoral imaging changes compatible with edema or adverse radiation effects developed in 5%, at a mean of 8 months.

Conclusions
Stereotactic radiosurgery provides satisfactory control rates either after resection or as an alternate to resection, particularly for histologically benign meningiomas. Its role is most valuable for patients whose tumors affect critical neurological regions and who are poor candidates for resection. Both temporary and permanent morbidity are related to brain location and tumor volume.
Out Come of Threatened Abortion in a Series of 100 Cases in RMCH
Authors: Khanam M , Yusuf Nahid , Ashraf Fatema 
Published: September 2009

Threatened abortion is a clinical entity where the process of abortion has started but has not progressed to a state from which recovery is impossible1. The prognosis of threatened abortion is very unpredictable whatever method of treatment is employed either in hospital or at home. 100 cases of threatened abortion were studied in RMCH. Over one year of study it was found that abortion cases constituted about 34% of all gyneacological admission. Among them 12% of all abortion related admitted cases had threatened abortion. From the results it was evident that most of the cases were between 20-30 yrs. Age group (58%), 71% were multigravida, 80% were illiterate & low socio economic condition uneventfully & discharged by giving conservative management. In the rest abortion pregnancy was terminated either by inevitable abortion or missed abortion. Follow up data showed that among 46 cases of threatened abortion who readmitted in hospital, 26 cases had normal pregnancy out come, 2 cases developed IUD, 4 cases developed preterm labour, 12 cases had placenta praevia, 2 cases had IUGR & 2 cases had aboruptio placenta. So the conclusion of the study was first trimester vaginal bleeding is an independent risk factor for adverse obstetric out come that is directly proportional to the amount of bleeding. doi: 10.3329/taj.v18i2.3170 TAJ 2005; 18(2): 76-79
Activities of Lactation Management Centre of Rajshahi
Authors: Hossain MA , Haque MI , Siddiqui AB , Bari MI 
Published: September 2009

A total of 500 patients were attended at LMC of RMCH from July 2004 to June, 2005. Most of the mothers were not aware of breast feeding regarding attachment and position. About 95% of the mothers were trained about correct technique of breast feeding. 55% of mothers were in the age group. 15-20 Yrs. Oketani breast massage was given on an average of about 33% of mothers. Only 12% of attending mothers were suffered from different types of breast problems like-engorged breast, sore nipple, flat nipple, crack nipple and breast abscess. doi: 10.3329/taj.v18i2.3173 TAJ 2005; 18(2): 89-92
Early Complications of Suture Closure of Perforated Duodenal Ulcer: A Study of 100 Cases
Authors: Hannan ABMA , Islam B , Hussain M , Haque MM , Kudrat-E-Khuda MI 
Published: September 2009

Perforated Duodenal Ulcer is one of the commonest surgical emergencies, most prevalent in middle aged male persons. Most perforations of doudenum are spontaneous but there is an increasing incidence of perforation following the use of NSAIDs. Repair of duodenal ulcer perforation is an urgent and contaminated operation. So, patients may develop post operative complications, like wound sepsis, pneumonia, paralytic ileus, septicemia, shock, electrolyte imbalance, repair failure, duodenal fistula, intra abdominal abscess, burst abdomen etc. Here 100 cases of Perforated Duodenal Ulcer was admitted in surgical wards of R.M.C.H from 01.01.2004-31.12.2005 and all of them underwent laparotomy suture closure of perforation and peritoneal toilet. Meticulous postoperative follow up was done for an average period of 7-10 days to see the complications. 21 post operative complications were found among 100 patients. Most complications occurred in elderly patients with delayed admission, I e, 48 hours after symptoms. The commonest complications were pulmonary (4%), pelvic collection (4%), wound infection (3%), septicemia (2%), burst abdomen (2%), paralytic ileus (2%). 2 out of the 100 cases died from post-operative septicemia. Better prognosis can be expected in young patients who come early with a stable haemodynamic state. doi: 10.3329/taj.v18i2.3192 TAJ 2005; 18(2): 122-126
Metabolic Syndrome Is Associated with Increased Arterial Stiffness and Biomarkers of Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: SABIO JOSÉ MARIO , VARGAS-HITOS JOSÉ , ZAMORA-PASADAS MÓNICA , MEDIAVILLA JUAN DIEGO , NAVARRETE NURIA , RAMIREZ ÁNGEL , HIDALGO-TENORIO CARMEN , JÁIMEZ LAURA , MARTÍN JAVIER , JIMÉNEZ-ALONSO JUAN 
Published: September 2009

Objective.Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an independent predictor of risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is more prevalent in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) compared with matched healthy subjects. Aortic PWV is increased in MetS. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the association between MetS and aortic PWV and other surrogate biomarkers of subclinical atherosclerosis in SLE.Methods.One hundred twenty-eight patients with SLE were studied. We established the presence of MetS according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III definition and we measured PWV, glucose, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin sensitivity (HOMA index), lipid levels, uric acid, homocysteine, fibrinogen, D-dimer, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, IL-10, C3, C4, autoantibodies, SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI), and Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/ACR Damage Index. Duration of SLE and treatment was also recorded. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent determinants of increased PWV.Results.SLE patients with MetS had higher aortic PWV (9.8 ± 2.4 vs 8.5 ± 1.7 m/s; p = 0.002) and increased biomarkers of subclinical atherosclerosis such as CRP, IL-6, C3, uric acid, homocysteine, fibrinogen and D-dimer, compared to those without MetS. HOMA index and insulin and HbA1c levels were also higher in this group. No differences were found in variables related to lupus activity (ESR, C4, SLEDAI, IL-8, IL-10, and treatment for SLE). In the multivariate model, increased PWV was associated with age, male sex, MetS, duration of SLE, and CRP.Conclusion.MetS may contribute to the development of accelerated atherosclerosis in SLE.
Collaborative Virtual 3D Environment for Internet-Accessible Physics Experiments
Authors: Scheucher Bettina , Bailey Philip H. , Gütl Christian , Harward Judson V. 
Published: September 2009

Abstractâ??Immersive 3D worlds have increasingly raised the interest of researchers and practitioners for various learning and training settings over the last decade. These virtual worlds can provide multiple communication channels between users and improve presence and awareness in the learning process. Consequently virtual 3D environments facilitate collaborative learning and training scenarios.
In this paper we focus on the integration of internet-accessible physics experiments (iLabs) combined with the TEALsim 3D simulation toolkit in Project Wonderland, Sun's toolkit for creating collaborative 3D virtual worlds. Within such a collaborative environment these tools provide the opportunity for teachers and students to work together as avatars as they control actual equipment, visualize physical phenomenon generated by the experiment, and discuss the results. In particular we will outline the steps of integration, future goals, as well as the value of a collaboration space in Wonderland's virtual world.
Recent Directions in Remote Engineering and Virtual Instrumentation
Authors: Sobh Tarek M. , Pallis Jani , Gupta Navarun 
Published: September 2009

The 6th Remote Engineering and Virtual instrumentation Conference (REV 2009) was held at the University of Bridgeport in Bridgeport, Connecticut, USA during the period of June 22 â?? 25, 2009. The conference brought together engineering researchers, educators, and professionals to explore the fundamentals, future, and application of remote engineering in both industry and academia. Participants delivered papers, presented demonstrations, research posters, and shared experiences in virtual engineering. REVâ??09 drew more than 100 engineers, scientists and educators from around the world. Most of the participants were from Europe, but many came from Asia, North and South America, the Middle East and as far as Australia. More than 60 papers were presented on topics ranging from Telerobotics to Virtual and Remote Labs. Workshops and Tutorials drew widespread interest and exhibitors displayed their products for integrating remote engineering into academia. Poster sessions discussed topics such as Robotic Surgery and Development of Remote Labs in Physics.
The general objective of REV 2009 was to discuss fundamentals, applications and experiences within the field of online engineering, both in industry and academia. The conference presentations and papers addressed several emerging trends in online engineering, remote laboratories, virtual instrumentation and educational applications of remote engineering.