bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real‐Time Disparity Map‐Based Pictorial Depth Cue Enhancement
Authors: Rößing Christoph , Hanika Johannes , Lensch Hendrik 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe availability of stereoscopic image material is increasing rapidly. In contrast to the generation of distance information, displaying it is still a challenging task. To overcome the need for special 3D display hardware, we present a novel real‐time video processing framework‐based on edge‐avoiding à trous wavelets. The framework adds and emphasizes monocular depth cues corresponding to the depth information of a supplemental disparity map. This creates a compelling depth sensation on 2D display devices. The framework enhances multiple depth cues in parallel, such as depth of field, local contrast, ambient occlusion and saturation. At the same time, it improves the disparity map quality. Depth cues control how a human explores an image, since the perception of distance is coupled to visual attention. The presented work demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed framework in guiding the viewer, without destroying the image content, by evaluating the performance in search‐and‐find tasks. A user study analyzes the connection between faster response times and the boosting of particular monocular depth cues.
Light‐Field Retargeting
Authors: Birklbauer C. , Bimber O. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe present a first approach to light‐field retargeting using z‐stack seam carving, which allows light‐field compression and extension while retaining angular consistency. Our algorithm first converts an input light field into a set of perspective‐sheared focal stacks. It then applies 3D deconvolution to convert the focal stacks into z‐stacks, and seam‐carves the z‐stack of the center perspective. The computed seams of the center perspective are sheared and applied to the z‐stacks of all off‐center perspectives. Finally, the carved z‐stacks are converted back into the perspective images of the output light field. To our knowledge, this is the first approach to light‐field retargeting. Unlike existing stereo‐pair retargeting or 3D retargeting techniques, it does not require depth information.
Real‐time Realistic Rendering and Lighting of Forests
Authors: Bruneton Eric , Neyret Fabrice 
Published: June 2012

AbstractRealistic real‐time rendering and lighting of forests is an important aspect for simulators and video games. This is a difficult problem, due to the massive amount of geometry: aerial forest views display millions of trees on a wide range of distances, from the camera to the horizon. Light interactions, whose effects are visible at all scales, are also a problem: sun and sky dome contributions, shadows between trees, inside trees, on the ground, and view‐light masking correlations. In this paper we present a method to render very large forest scenes in real‐time, with realistic lighting at all scales, and without popping nor aliasing. Our method is based on two new forest representations, z‐fields and shader‐maps, with a seamless transition between them. Our first model builds on light fields and height fields to represent and render the nearest trees individually, accounting for all lighting effects. Our second model is a location, view and light dependent shader mapped on the terrain, accounting for the cumulated subpixel effects. Qualitative comparisons with photos show that our method produces realistic results.
Mesh Colorization
Authors: Leifman George , Tal Ayellet 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel algorithm for colorization of meshes. This is important for applications in which the model needs to be colored by just a handful of colors or when no relevant image exists for texturing the model. For instance, archaeologists argue that the great Roman or Greek statues were full of color in the days of their creation, and traces of the original colors can be found. In this case, our system lets the user scribble some desired colors in various regions of the mesh. Colorization is then formulated as a constrained quadratic optimization problem, which can be readily solved. Special care is taken to avoid color bleeding between regions, through the definition of a new direction field on meshes.
Coding Depth through Mask Structure
Authors: Fortunato Horacio E. , Oliveira Manuel M. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe present a coded‐aperture method based on a family of masks obtained as the convolution of one “hole” with a structural component consisting of an arrangement of Dirac delta functions. We call the arrangement of delta functions the structural component of the mask, and use it to efficiently encode scene distance information. We illustrate the potential of our approach by analyzing a family of masks defined by a circular hole component and a structural component consisting of a linear combination of three Dirac deltas. We show that the structural component transitions from well conditioned to ill conditioned as the relative weight of the central peak varies with respect to the lateral ones. For the well‐conditioned structural components, deconvolution is efficiently performed by inverse filtering, allowing for fast estimation of scene depth. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by constructing a mask for distance coding and using it to recover pairs of distance maps and structurally‐deconvolved images from single photographs. For this application, we obtain significant speedup, and extended range and depth resolution compared to previous techniques.
Super‐Clothoids
Authors: Bertails‐Descoubes Florence 
Published: June 2012

AbstractPiecewise clothoids are 2D curves with continuous, piecewise linear curvature. Due to their smoothness properties, they have been extensively used in road design and robot path planning, as well as for the compact representation of hand‐drawn curves. In this paper we present the Super‐Clothoid model, a new mechanical model that for the first time allows for the computing of the dynamics of an elastic, inextensible piecewise clothoid. We first show that the kinematics of this model can be computed analytically depending on the Fresnel integrals, and precisely evaluated when required. Secondly, the discrete dynamics, naturally emerging from the Lagrange equations of motion, can be robustly and efficiently computed by performing and storing formal computations as far as possible, recoursing to numerical evaluation only when assembling the linear system to be solved at each time step. As a result, simulations turn out to be both interactive and stable, even for large displacements of the rod. Finally, we demonstrate the versatility of our model by handling various boundary conditions for the rod as well as complex external constraints such as frictional contact, and show that our model is perfectly adapted to inverse statics. Compared to lower‐order models, the super‐clothoid appears as a more natural and aesthetic primitive for bridging the gap between 2D geometric design and physics‐based deformation.
A continuous, editable representation for deforming mesh sequences with separate signals for time, pose and shape
Authors: Cashman Thomas J. , Hormann Kai 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIt is increasingly popular to represent non‐rigid motion using a deforming mesh sequence: a discrete sequence of frames, each of which is given as a mesh with a common graph structure. Such sequences have the flexibility to represent a wide range of mesh deformations used in practice, but they are also highly redundant, expensive to store, and difficult to edit in a time‐coherent manner. We address these limitations with a continuous representation that extracts redundancy in three separate phases, leading to separate editable signals in time, pose and shape. The representation can be applied to any deforming mesh sequence, in contrast to previous domain‐specific approaches. By modifying the three signal components, we demonstrate time‐coherent editing operations such as local repetition of part of a sequence, frame rate conversion and deformation transfer. We also show that our representation makes it possible to design new deforming sequences simply by sketching a curve in a 2D pose space.
Fast Grasp Synthesis for Various Shaped Objects
Authors: Kyota Fumihito , Saito Suguru 
Published: June 2012

AbstractHuman‐like grasp planning is difficult because a human hand has a high number of degrees of freedom, and there are many grasping styles depending on the shape of an object and purpose. We propose a fast grasp synthesis system which enables a user to choose the desired grasping styles from a set of grasp types in a human grasp taxonomy. Given a 3D model of an object, our system detects graspable positions and generates grasping hand postures in every applicable grasp types in the grasp taxonomy for each grasping position. Hand postures are generated separately for each digit, and hand alignment is then refined iteratively. A user can also specify the grasping position by moving the cursor onto object surface, as well as grasp type. The generated hand postures are shown as a table of thumbnail images, and the user can select the grasping hand posture by clicking on one of those postures. Our system enables interactive generation of various grasping hand postures in real time.
Manufacturing Layered Attenuators for Multiple Prescribed Shadow Images
Authors: Baran Ilya , Keller Philipp , Bradley Derek , Coros Stelian , Jarosz Wojciech , Nowrouzezahrai Derek , Gross Markus 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe present a practical and inexpensive method for creating physical objects that cast different color shadow images when illuminated by prescribed lighting configurations. The input to our system is a number of lighting configurations and corresponding desired shadow images. Our approach computes attenuation masks, which are then printed on transparent materials and stacked to form a single multi‐layer attenuator. When illuminated with the input lighting configurations, this multi‐layer attenuator casts the prescribed color shadow images. Alternatively, our method can compute layers so that their permutations produce different prescribed shadow images under fixed lighting. Each multi‐layer attenuator is quick and inexpensive to produce, can generate multiple full‐color shadows, and can be designed to respond to different types of natural or synthetic lighting setups. We illustrate the effectiveness of our multi‐layer attenuators in simulation and in reality, with the sun as a light source.
Interactive Self‐Organizing Windows
Authors: Steinberger Markus , Waldner Manuela , Schmalstieg Dieter 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIn this paper, we present the design and implementation of a dynamic window management technique that changes the perception of windows as fixed‐sized rectangles. The primary goal of self‐organizing windows is to automatically display the most relevant information for a user's current activity, which removes the burden of organizing and arranging windows from the user. We analyze the image‐based representation of each window and identify coherent pieces of information. The windows are then automatically moved, scaled and composed in a content‐aware manner to fit the most relevant information into the limited area of the screen. During the design process, we consider findings from previous experiments and show how users can benefit from our system. We also describe how the immense processing power of current graphics processing units can be exploited to build an interactive system that finds an optimal solution within the complex design space of all possible window transformations in real time.
Multitouch Gestures for Constrained Transformation of 3D Objects
Authors: Au Oscar Kin‐Chung , Tai Chiew‐Lan , Fu Hongbo 
Published: June 2012

Abstract3D transformation widgets allow constrained manipulations of 3D objects and are commonly used in many 3D applications for fine‐grained manipulations. Since traditional transformation widgets have been mainly designed for mouse‐based systems, they are not user friendly for multitouch screens. There is little research on how to use the extra input bandwidth of multitouch screens to ease constrained transformation of 3D objects. This paper presents a small set of multitouch gestures which offers a seamless control of manipulation constraints (i.e., axis or plane) and modes (i.e., translation, rotation or scaling). Our technique does not require any complex manipulation widgets but candidate axes, which are for visualization rather than direct manipulation. Such design not only minimizes visual clutter but also tolerates imprecise touch‐based inputs. To further expand our axis‐based interaction vocabulary, we introduce intuitive touch gestures for relative manipulations, including snapping and borrowing axes of another object. A preliminary evaluation shows that our technique is more effective than a direct adaption of standard transformation widgets to the tactile paradigm.
Factored Facade Acquisition using Symmetric Line Arrangements
Authors: Ceylan Duygu , Mitra Niloy J. , Li Hao , Weise Thibaut , Pauly Mark 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe introduce a novel framework for image‐based 3D reconstruction of urban buildings based on symmetry priors. Starting from image‐level edges, we generate a sparse and approximate set of consistent 3D lines. These lines are then used to simultaneously detect symmetric line arrangements while refining the estimated 3D model. Operating both on 2D image data and intermediate 3D feature representations, we perform iterative feature consolidation and effective outlier pruning, thus eliminating reconstruction artifacts arising from ambiguous or wrong stereo matches. We exploit non‐local coherence of symmetric elements to generate precise model reconstructions, even in the presence of a significant amount of outlier image‐edges arising from reflections, shadows, outlier objects, etc. We evaluate our algorithm on several challenging test scenarios, both synthetic and real. Beyond reconstruction, the extracted symmetry patterns are useful towards interactive and intuitive model manipulations.
Procedural Generation of Parcels in Urban Modeling
Authors: Vanegas Carlos A. , Kelly Tom , Weber Basil , Halatsch Jan , Aliaga Daniel G. , Müller Pascal 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe present a method for interactive procedural generation of parcels within the urban modeling pipeline. Our approach performs a partitioning of the interior of city blocks using user‐specified subdivision attributes and style parameters. Moreover, our method is both robust and persistent in the sense of being able to map individual parcels from before an edit operation to after an edit operation – this enables transferring most, if not all, customizations despite small to large‐scale interactive editing operations. The guidelines guarantee that the resulting subdivisions are functionally and geometrically plausible for subsequent building modeling and construction. Our results include visual and statistical comparisons that demonstrate how the parcel configurations created by our method can closely resemble those found in real‐world cities of a large variety of styles. By directly addressing the block subdivision problem, we intend to increase the editability and realism of the urban modeling pipeline and to become a standard in parcel generation for future urban modeling methods.
The Varieties of Wonder
Authors: Sherry Patrick 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAlthough wonder is a response to what is extraordinary or regarded as such, this covers a variety of things. Hence, wonder covers a spectrum from mere surprise or puzzlement to stronger responses like dread or amazement; moreover, it is often linked to other powerful responses like fear or admiration, and it can lead people into many pursuits and areas of reflection. I look at the variety of the objects of wonder, and of the neighbouring responses and conceptual connections found here, then I discuss the response of wonder itself, and its causes and effects. Finally, I ask why the sense of wonder can atrophy, and whether it can be suppressed deliberately.
Ambiguity Aversion, Company Size and the Pricing of Earnings Forecasts
Authors: Antoniou Constantinos , Galariotis Emilios C. , Read Daniel 
Published: June 2012

AbstractSeveral authors have reported an unconditional size effect in returns around earnings announcements. In this study we show how this finding can be understood as resulting from ambiguity aversion. We hypothesise that analyst forecasts for smaller companies are relatively more ambiguous; hence they are priced pessimistically by ambiguity‐averse investors. As the quarter comes to a close and ambiguity gradually subsides, the stock prices of smaller companies rise to correct this pessimism, creating the size effect. Our results support these hypotheses.
The mind’s scalpel in surgical education: a randomised controlled trial of mental imagery
Authors: Geoffrion R , Gebhart J , Dooley Y , Bent A , Dandolu V , Meeks R , Baker K , Tang S , Ross S , Robert M 
Published: June 2012

Please cite this paper as: Geoffrion R, Gebhart J, Dooley Y, Bent A, Dandolu V, Meeks R, Baker K, Tang S, Ross S, Robert M. The mind’s scalpel in surgical education: a randomised controlled trial of mental imagery. BJOG 2012;119:1040–1048.Objective  To evaluate the role of mental imagery (MI) in resident training for a complex surgical procedure.Design  Randomised controlled trial.Setting  Eight centres across Canada and the USA.Population  Junior gynaecology residents who had performed fewer than five vaginal hysterectomies (VH).Methods  After performing a pretest VH, junior gynaecology residents were randomised to standard MI versus textbook reading (No MI) and then performed a test VH. Surgeons blinded to group evaluated resident performance on the pretest and test VH via global rating scales (GRS), procedure‐specific scales and intraoperative parameters. Residents evaluated their own performance.Main outcome measure  Change in surgeon GRS score from pretest to test VH. The study was powered to detect a 20% difference in score change.Results  Fifty residents completed the trial (24 MI, 26 No MI). There was no difference in GRS score change via blinded assessment from pretest to test evaluation between groups (mean change 13% [SD 17] versus 7% [SD 14], P = 0.192). There was no difference in procedure‐specific score change. There was a significant difference in self‐scored GRS score change between groups (mean change 19% [SD 12] versus 9% [SD 11], P = 0.005). Residents also felt more confident performing a VH (mean change 19% [SD 16] MI versus 11% [SD 10] No MI, P = 0.033).Conclusions  No difference was observed in the surgical performance of residents after MI. Improved resident self‐confidence may be attributable to MI or the effect of unblinding on trial participants.
Hyperdopaminergic modulation of inhibitory transmission is dependent on GSK‐3β signaling‐mediated trafficking of GABAA receptors
Authors: Li Yan‐Chun , Wang Min‐Juan , Gao Wen‐Jun 
Published: June 2012

J. Neurochem. (2012) 122, 308–320.AbstractCortical dopamine (DA) modulation of the gamma‐amino butyric acid (GABA) system is closely associated with cognitive function and psychiatric disorders. We recently reported that the glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK‐3β) pathway is required for hyperdopamine/D2 receptor‐mediated inhibition of NMDA receptors in the prefrontal cortex. Here we explore whether or not GSK‐3β is also involved in dopaminergic modulation of GABAA receptor‐mediated inhibitory transmission. We confirmed that DA induces a dose‐dependent, bidirectional regulatory effect on inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) in prefrontal neurons. The modulatory effects of DA were differentially affected by co‐application of GSK‐3β inhibitors and different doses of DA. GSK‐3β inhibitors completely blocked high‐dose (20 μM) DA‐induced depressive effects on IPSCs but exhibited limited effects on the facilitating regulation of IPSC in low‐dose DA (200 nM). We also confirmed that surface expressions of GABAA receptor β2/3 subunits were significantly decreased by DA applied in cultured prefrontal neurons and in vivo administration of DA reuptake inhibitor. These effects were blocked by prior administration of GSK‐3β inhibitors. We explored DA‐mediated regulation of GABAA receptor trafficking and exhibited the participation of brefeldin A‐inhibited GDP/GTP exchange factor 2 (BIG2) or dynamin‐dependent trafficking of GABAA receptors. Together, these data suggest that DA may act through different signaling pathways to affect synaptic inhibition, depending on the concentration. The GSK‐3β signaling pathway is involved in DA‐induced decrease in BIG2‐dependent insertion and an increase in the dynamin‐dependent internalization of GABAA receptors, which results in suppression of inhibitory synaptic transmission.
Meaning of work and the returning process after breast cancer: a longitudinal study of 56 women
Authors: Lilliehorn Sara , Hamberg Katarina , Kero Anneli , Salander Pär 
Published: June 2012

Scand J Caring Sci; 2013; 27; 267–274Meaning of work and the returning process after breast cancer: a longitudinal study of 56 womenBackground: An increasing number of women survive breast cancer and a majority return to work. However, findings based on mean values may conceal individual processes that need to be better understood to discuss meaningful rehabilitation.Aim: The purpose of this study is to describe the sick‐leave pattern of a group of Swedish women with primary breast cancer but foremost to explore their ideas about what motivates and discourages their return to work.Method: Fifty‐six women were repeatedly interviewed over a period of 18–24 months. Interview sections that clearly illustrated the women’s experiences and ideas about work were categorized using the comparative similarities‐differences technique.Findings: The average length of sick leave was 410 days (range 0–942). Six months after the first day of sick leave, 29% worked at least their previous service grade. At 12 months, 55% and at 18 months 57% did so. Those treated with chemotherapy had in average more than twice as large sick leave as those who did not. Three categories emerged. ‘Motives for not returning to work’ consists of four subcategories: ‘I’m still too fragile to return to work’; ‘My workplace is a discouraging place’; ‘I took an opportunity to pause’ and ‘I’ve lost the taste for work’. ‘Motives for returning’ consists of two sub‐categories: ‘Work generates and structures my everyday life’ and ‘I miss my workplace’. Finally, ‘Transition in work approach’ reflects a changed approach to work.Conclusion: The meaning of work varies over time, but first and foremost work was regarded as an important part of the healing process as it restores the disruption of everyday life. Guidelines cannot be reduced to a linear relationship with biomedical variables but the individual context of everyday life must be considered.