bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraoperative indocyanine green angiography as a substitute for conventional angiography in the surgical management of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulae
Authors: Spiotta Alejandro M , Bain Mark , Moskowitz Shaye 
Published: October 2010

IntroductionSpinal dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF) is the most common vascular malformation of the spinal cord. We performed a prospective observational study of patients with spinal dAVF who were treated by microsurgical obliteration to determine whether intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) angiograph provides supplemental flow-related data that change the surgical plan and whether the resolution afforded by ICG angiography may substitute for conventional postoperative spinal angiography.MethodsFive patients over a 6-month period were included who were treated surgically with intraoperative intravenous administration of ICG. Direct microsurgical exploration was employed to identify the intradural fistulous connection and intravenous ICG was then injected to verify the identification of the lesion. Repeat ICG angiography was performed after the fistula had been obliterated using bipolar electrocautery. All patients underwent a spinal angiogram on postoperative day 1.ResultsIn four patients, ICG angiography correlated reliably with preoperative catheter angiography and intraoperative direct visualization. For these cases, the ICG angiogram did not alter the surgical plan, and the fistulous connection was identified and successfully treated surgically. In a fifth case, exploratory surgery for a fistula was not convincing and the information provided by intraoperative ICG angiography guided management to proceed with a cord biopsy.ConclusionICG angiography in the setting of surgical management of spinal dAVF is a simple and effective technique for intraoperative confirmation of the relevant lesion. Postresection ICG angiography reliably demonstrated technical success and may replace formal postoperative catheter angiography. Additionally, the surgical plan may be modified based on ICG angiography.
Non-occupational exposure to asbestos and malignant mesothelioma in the Italian National Registry of Mesotheliomas: Table 1
Authors: Mirabelli Dario , Cavone Domenica , Merler Enzo , Gennaro Valerio , Romanelli Antonio , Mensi Carolina , Chellini Elisabetta , Nicita Carmela , Marinaccio Alessandro , Magnani Corrado , Musti Marina 
Published: October 2010

BackgroundMalignant mesotheliomas are strictly related to asbestos, but in a proportion of cases no exposure can be recalled. Published estimates of this proportion have important variations. Historical and geographical differences in the fraction of cancer due to any given exposure are to be expected, but incomplete identification of non-occupational exposures may have played a role.MethodsTo assess the role of non-occupational exposures in causing malignant mesotheliomas in Italy, the exposures of cases registered by the national mesothelioma registry (ReNaM) were examined. ReNaM started in 1993 in five regions and currently covers 98% of the Italian population. Information on occupational and non-occupational exposures of cases is collected whenever possible.ResultsFrom 1993 to 2001 ReNaM registered 5173 malignant mesothelioma cases, and exposures were assessed in 3552 of them. 144 and 150 cases with exposures limited to environmental (living in the neighbourhood of an industrial or natural source of asbestos) or familial (living with a person occupationally exposed to asbestos) circumstances, respectively, were identified, accounting for 8.3% of all cases.ConclusionsGeographical variations in the proportion of cases due to non-occupational exposures may be explained by the past distribution of asbestos-using industries.
U–Pb zircon age of the Andaman ophiolite: implications for the beginning of subduction beneath the Andaman–Sumatra arc
Authors: Pedersen R.B. , Searle M.P. , Carter A. , Bandopadhyay P.C. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract:

The Andaman ophiolites form the basement of the Andaman Islands, which is a part of the outer forearc that links the Indo-Burma accretionary complex to the north with the Java–Sumatra trench–arc system to the SE. Upper mantle harzburgite and dunite are overlain by a cumulate peridotite–gabbro complex, high-level intrusive rocks and a tholeiitic volcanic series. The upper crust in the South Andaman ophiolite shows also a prominent andesite–dacite volcanic suite, suggesting arc volcanism built onto ocean crust. U–Pb zircon dating of a trondhjemitic rock from Chiriya Tapu in South Andaman Island using laser ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry reveals an age of crustal formation of 95 ± 2 Ma. The trondhjemites have geochemistry comparable with that of plagiogranites associated with ophiolite complexes, and ε
Nd
values around +7 further confirm that they are derived from depleted mantle melts. Basaltic pillow lava and basaltic dykes that cut the trondhjemites have mid-ocean ridge basalt-like trace-element geochemistry. The new data show that the Andaman volcanic arc was built on Cenomanian ophiolite–oceanic crust and that subduction was initiated at this time along Tethys, at least from Cyprus through Oman to the Andaman Islands.
Late Cambrian–Ordovician northeastern Gondwanan terranes in the basement of the Apuseni Mountains, Romania
Authors: Balintoni I. , Balica C. , Ducea M.N. , Zaharia L. , Chen Fukun , Cliveţi M. , Hann H.P. , Li Li-Qiu , Ghergari L. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract:
The pre-Alpine basement of the Apuseni Mountains (Romanian Carpathians) comprises three terranes: Someş, Baia de Arieş and Biharia. Metaigneous rocks within these terranes record Late Cambrian–Ordovician U–Pb zircon crystallization ages. Two samples from an orthogneiss layer in the Someş terrane yielded an age of 459.8 ± 2.7 Ma. In the Baia de Arieş terrane, an augen gneiss yielded an age of 470.8 ± 3.8 Ma, a porphyroid yielded an age of 467.8 ± 3.8 Ma and two metagranites yielded ages of 467.8 ± 4.7 Ma and 467.1 ± 3.9 Ma, respectively. Three samples from a metagranitoid outcrop located in the lower part of the Biharia terrane yielded an age of 495.0 ± 2.1 Ma. Three other samples from a metabasite layer situated lithostratigraphically several hundred metres above the metagranitoid yielded an age of 477.8 ± 3.2 Ma. Detrital U/Pb zircon ages from a paragneiss interlayered within the Baia de Arieş terrane scatter between 548 and 3518 Ma. Detrital zircon ages together with the inherited ages recorded by magmatic zircon populations suggest a northeastern Gondwanan provenance for the Someş, Baia de Arieş and Biharia terranes, adjacent to the Arabian–Nubian Shield. Lead loss in some zircons is interpreted to have taken place during the Variscan orogeny.

Supplementary material:

Coordinates for samples from the Apuseni Mountains, Palaeozoic palaeogeographical models of Gondwana, Laurentia and Baltica to the formation of Pangaea, sample preparation and analytical procedures, sample description, and age measurements of zircon grains are available at
http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18425
.
Protolith heterogeneity as a factor controlling the feedback between deformation, metamorphism and melting in a granulite-hosted gold deposit
Authors: McGee Ben , Giles David , Kelsey David E. , Collins Alan S. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract:
Structures and alteration associated with mineralizing, pre-anatectic hydrothermal alteration at the Challenger gold mine in South Australia strongly influenced and preferentially focused subsequent metamorphism, partial melting and deformation. This event resulted in efficient deformation-enhanced melt extraction from the host rocks immediately adjacent to mineralization, leaving restitic garnet, cordierite, K-feldspar rich mineral assemblages. Progressive reintegration of silicate melt into the highly restitic proximal gneiss bulk composition, using mineral equilibrium modelling in the system NCKFMASHTO, indicates that hydrothermal alteration stabilized a higher proportion of hydrous minerals leading to increased fertility and thus melting in the proximal gneiss. Further modelling at lower temperatures provides an insight into mineral assemblages that may have been associated with mineralization. Temperature–composition modelling provides evidence that composite gold–sulphide melts were armoured by quartz and as such were immobile during peak metamorphism. At Challenger, melt permeability of the mineralized zones was enhanced via the formation of a structural fabric, folding, boudinage, fracturing and the formation of shear zones. Giving consideration to the relationships and orientations of these structures, a model for preferential deformation and melt migration within the mineralized shear zone under transpression is developed, where melt is essentially pumped out of the system parallel to the maximum principal elongation direction.
Reconstruction of Jurassic (Bathonian) palaeosalinity using stable isotopes and faunal associations
Authors: Price Gregory D. , Teece Christie 
Published: October 2010

Abstract:

The Bathonian is an interval from which salinity-controlled benthic faunas are particularly well known. This study examines Late Bathonian faunas from Dorset, UK, from the Wattonensis Beds (Fuller's Earth), of known marine origin, the overlying Elongata Beds, and the Boueti Bed marking the base of the Forest Marble. δ
18
O values of belemnites (
Belemnopsis
) from the Wattonensis Beds range from −1.4 to −0.7‰ and carbon isotope values range from −2.3 to −0.5‰ VPDB. Isotope values of well-preserved
Rhynchonella
from the Wattonensis Beds range from −2.4 to −1.3‰ for oxygen and −1.1 to 0.6‰ VPDB for carbon. The δ
18
O data suggest high palaeotemperatures (possibly up to 28 °C). A similar spread of data is derived from brachiopods (
Goniorhynchia boueti
) from the Boueti Bed. Given the marine origin of the Wattonensis Beds and overlap of data, the reduced faunal diversity of the Boueti Bed is considered unlikely to be the result of reduced salinity. Brachiopods therefore should not be regarded more sceptically as evidence for fully marine conditions, as has been suggested. The oysters (
Praeexogyra hebridica elongata
) and brachiopods (
Rhynchonella
) from the Elongata Beds have isotope values that also imply fully marine conditions and are interpreted as being indicative of slightly cooler conditions.
Northern England Serpukhovian (early Namurian) farfield responses to southern hemisphere glaciation
Authors: Stephenson M.H. , Angiolini L. , Cózar P. , Jadoul F. , Leng M.J. , Millward D. , Chenery S. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract:

During the Serpukhovian (early Namurian) icehouse conditions were initiated in the southern hemisphere. However, nearfield evidence is inconsistent: glaciation appears to have started in limited areas of eastern Australia in the earliest Serpukhovian, followed by a long interglacial, whereas data from South America and Tibet suggest glaciation throughout the Serpukhovian. New farfield data from the Woodland, Throckley and Rowlands Gill boreholes in northern England allow this inconsistency to be addressed. δ
18
O from well-preserved late Serpukhovian (late Pendleian to early Arnsbergian) Woodland brachiopods vary between −3.4 and −6.3‰, and δ
13
C varies between −2.0 and +3.2‰, suggesting a δ
18
O seawater (
w
) value of around −1.8‰ VSMOW, and therefore an absence of widespread ice-caps. The organic carbon δ
13
C upward increasing trend in the Throckley borehole (Serpukhovian to Bashkirian;
c
. −24 to
c
. −22‰) and the Rowlands Gill borehole (Serpukhovian;
c
. −24 to
c
. −23‰) suggests large-scale burial of organic material, probably in burgeoning lycophyte-dominated coal forest, implying a fall in
p
CO
2
.
p
CO
2
reduction appears not to have caused large-scale glaciation until the early Bashkirian, but a scenario of coalescing upland ice-caps through the Serpukhovian with a background of decreasing
p
CO
2
appears to be similar to the process that initiated Cenozoic Antarctic glaciation.
High Blood Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Is an Indicator of Poor Prognosis in Malignant Mesothelioma Patients Undergoing Systemic Therapy
Authors: Kao Steven C.H. , Pavlakis Nick , Harvie Rozelle , Vardy Janette L. , Boyer Michael J. , van Zandwijk Nico , Clarke Stephen J. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
Purpose: Asbestos-induced chronic inflammation is implicated in the pathogenesis of malignant mesothelioma (MM). We have investigated blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), an index of systemic inflammation, as a prognostic factor in MM patients.
Experimental Design: Patients with MM who had systemic therapy at participating institutes were studied. Potential prognostic factors such as age, gender, performance status, histologic subtype, and baseline laboratory parameters, including NLR, were analyzed. Overall survival from commencement of therapy was determined by the Kaplan–Meier method. Multivariate analyses using Cox Regression model were performed with significant factors (P ≤ 0.05) to determine their independent effect.
Results: A total of 173 MM patients undergoing systemic therapy including 119 patients receiving first-line therapy and 54 patients receiving second- or third-line therapy were included in this retrospective evaluation. Forty-two percent of patients had an elevated NLR at baseline. The following variables were predictive of survival: female gender (P = 0.044), epithelioid histologic subtype (P &lt; 0.001), baseline white blood cell count less than 8.3 × 109/L (P = 0.008), baseline platelet count 400 × 109/L or less (P = 0.05), and NLR of 5 or less (P &lt; 0.001). After multivariate analysis, histologic epithelioid subtype [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.0; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.3–2.9; P = 0.001], and NLR less than 5 (HR = 2.7; 95% CI = 1.8–3.9; P &lt; 0.001) remained independent predictors. The 1-year survival rate was 60% versus 26%, whereas the 2-year survival rate was 34% versus 10% for NLR less than 5 and 5 or greater, respectively. In the separate analyses of chemotherapy-naive and previously treated patient groups, NLR was an independent predictor of survival in both groups.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that NLR is an independent predictor of survival for patients with MM undergoing systemic therapy. Clin Cancer Res; 16(23); 5805–13. ©2010 AACR.
Improved Outcomes With Early Collaborative Care of Ambulatory Heart Failure Patients Discharged From the Emergency Department
Authors: Lee Douglas S. , Stukel Thérèse A. , Austin Peter C. , Alter David A. , Schull Michael J. , You John J. , Chong Alice , Henry David , Tu Jack V. 
Published: October 2010

Background—
The type of outpatient physician care after an emergency department visit for heart failure may affect patients' outcomes.

Methods and Results—

Using the National Ambulatory Care Reporting System, we examined the care and outcomes of heart failure patients who visited and were discharged from the emergency department in Ontario, Canada (April 2004 to March 2007). Early collaborative care by a cardiologist and primary care (PC) physician within 30 days after discharge was compared with PC alone. Care for 10 599 patients (age, 74.9±11.9 years; 50.2% male) was provided by PC alone (n=6596), cardiologist alone (n=535), or concurrently by both cardiologist and PC (n=1478); 1990 did not visit a physician. Collaborative care patients were more likely to undergo assessment of left ventricular function (57.4% versus 28.7%), noninvasive stress testing (20.1% versus 7.8%), and cardiac catheterization (11.6% versus 2.7%) compared with PC. Drug prescriptions (patients ≥65 years of age) demonstrated higher use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (58.8% versus 54.6%), angiotensin receptor blockers (22.7% versus 18.1%), β-adrenoceptor antagonists (63.4% versus 48.0%), loop diuretics (84.2% versus 79.6%), metolazone (4.8% versus 3.4%), and spironolactone (19.8% versus 12.7%) within 100 days after emergency department discharge for collaborative care compared with PC. In a propensity-matched model, mortality was lower with PC compared with no physician visit (hazard ratio, 0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.64 to 0.87;
P
<0.001). Collaborative care reduced mortality compared with PC (hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.63 to 1.00;
P
=0.045). Sole cardiology care conferred a trend to increased mortality (hazard ratio, 1.41 versus collaborative care; 95% confidence interval, 0.98 to 2.03;
P
=0.067).

Conclusions—
Early collaborative heart failure care was associated with increased use of drug therapies and cardiovascular diagnostic tests and better outcomes compared with PC alone.
Biogeochemistry of Carbon in the Amazonian Floodplains over a 2000-km Reach: Insights from a Process-Based Model
Authors: Bustillo Vincent , Luiz Victoria Reynaldo , Sousa de Moura Jose Mauro , Victoria Daniel de Castro , Andrade Toledo Andre Marcondes , Colicchio Erich 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
The influence of Amazonian floodplains on the hydrological, sedimentary, and biogeochemical river budget was investigated over a 2000-km reach. A process-based model relying on the closure of chemical fluxes and isotopic signals was implemented. On average for the whole studied reach, the overall fluxes of carbon associated with mineralization and aquatic photosynthesis were estimated to 35.7 and 15.3 Tg C yr−1, respectively. Almost 57% of the carbon sequestrated by photosynthesis comes from aerial sources (flooded forest); the remaining 43% resulted from aquatic sources (várzea grasses and phytoplankton). The process rates substantially fluctuate over the annual cycle, depending particularly on the extension of flooded area and on the river–floodplain connectivity. As the river level declines, the drastic decrease of turbidity and the lower supply of carbon substrates promote autotrophy to the detriment of heterotrophy, leading to substantial changes of pH and gaseous equilibria in the river water. The main consequences are (i) the side-chain oxidation of dissolved organic matter leading to the concomitant rises of the carbon to nitrogen atomic ratio and nitrate contents and (ii) the sorption of hydrophobic humic acids, which fractionate 13C and thus lead to 13C-depleted particulate organic matter (fine fraction) compared to remaining dissolved organic matter. As the river flow rises, the heterotrophy prevails over autotrophy and this tends to attenuate the chemical signature imprinted by the latter. The significant contribution of aerial autochthonous sources to the budget of carbon indicates that the fluxes of mineralization are sustained by the net primary production of river corridors. The variable extension of submerged areas defines the proportions of CO2 exported by the river and released to the atmosphere. The rate of CO2 outgassing on the studied reach (18.8 Tg C yr−1) represents about 50% of the incoming dissolved inorganic carbon flux. The rate of methane emission is estimated as 2.2 Tg C yr−1 and that of denitrification is estimated as 0.87 Tg N yr−1, representing 1.5 times the flux of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) exported by the Amazon River at the station of Óbidos (0.64 Tg N yr−1).
Lagrangian Coherent Structure Analysis of Terminal Winds Detected by Lidar. Part I: Turbulence Structures
Authors: Tang Wenbo , Chan Pak Wai , Haller George 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
The accurate real-time detection of turbulent airflow patterns near airports is important for safety and comfort in commercial aviation. In this paper, a method is developed to identify Lagrangian coherent structures (LCS) from horizontal lidar scans at Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA) in China. LCS are distinguished frame-independent material structures that create localized attraction, repulsion, or high shear of nearby trajectories in the flow. As such, they are the fundamental structures behind airflow patterns such as updrafts, downdrafts, and wind shear. Based on a recently developed finite-domain–finite-time Lyapunov exponent (FDFTLE) algorithm from Tang et al. and on new Lagrangian diagnostics presented in this paper that are pertinent to the extracted FDFTLE ridges, the authors differentiate LCS extracted from lidar data. It is found that these LCS derived from horizontal lidar scans compare well to convergence and divergence suggested by vertical slice scans. At HKIA, horizontal scans are predominant: they cover much bigger azimuthal ranges as compared with only two azimuthal angles from the vertical scans. LCS extracted from horizontal scans are thus advantageous in providing organizing turbulence structures over the entire observational domain as compared with a single line along the vertical scan direction. In Part II of this study, the authors will analyze the evolution of LCS and their impacts on landing aircraft based on recorded flight data.
Attributing Tropical Cyclogenesis to Equatorial Waves in the Western North Pacific
Authors: Schreck Carl J. , Molinari John , Mohr Karen I. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
Tropical cyclogenesis is attributed to an equatorial wave when the filtered rainfall anomaly exceeds a threshold value at the genesis location. It is argued that 0 mm day−1 (simply requiring a positive anomaly) is too small a threshold because unrelated noise can produce a positive anomaly. A threshold of 6 mm day−1 is too large because two-thirds of storms would have no precursor disturbance. Between these extremes, consistent results are found for a range of thresholds from 2 to 4 mm day−1.
Roughly twice as many tropical cyclones are attributed to tropical depression (TD)-type disturbances as to equatorial Rossby waves, mixed Rossby–gravity waves, or Kelvin waves. The influence of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is even smaller. The use of variables such as vorticity and vertical wind shear in other studies gives a larger contribution for the MJO. It is suggested that its direct influence on the rainfall in forming tropical cyclones is less than for other variables.
The impacts of tropical cyclone–related precipitation anomalies are also presented. Tropical cyclones can contribute more than 20% of the warm-season rainfall and 50% of its total variance. The influence of tropical cyclones on the equatorial wave spectrum is generally small. The exception occurs in shorter-wavelength westward-propagating waves, for which tropical cyclones represent up to 27% of the variance. Tropical cyclones also significantly contaminate wave-filtered rainfall anomalies in their immediate vicinity. To mitigate this effect, the tropical cyclone–related anomalies were removed before filtering in this study.