bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Muscle Strength, Gait and Balance in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Muir Susan W. , Montero‐Odasso Manuel 
Published: December 2011

ObjectivesTo systematically review and quantitatively synthesize the effect of vitamin D supplementation on muscle strength, gait, and balance in older adults.DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis.SettingMEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, bibliographies of selected articles, and previous systematic reviews were searched between January 1980 and November 2010 for eligible articles.ParticipantsOlder adults (≥60) participating in randomized controlled trials of the effect of supplemental vitamin D without an exercise intervention on muscle strength, gait, and balance.MeasurementsData were independently extracted, and study quality was evaluated. Meta‐analysis using a fixed‐effects model was performed and the I2 statistic was used to assess heterogeneity.ResultsOf 714 potentially relevant articles, 13 met the inclusion criteria. In the pooled analysis, vitamin D supplementation yielded a standardized mean difference of −0.20 (95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.39 to −0.01, P = .04, I2 = 0%) for reduced postural sway, −0.19 (95% CI = −0.35 to −0.02, P = .03, I2 = 0%) for decreased time to complete the Timed Up and Go Test, and 0.05 (95% CI = −0.11 to 0.20, P = .04, I2 = 0%) for lower extremity strength gain. Regarding dosing frequency regimen, only one study demonstrated a beneficial effect on balance with a single large dose. All studies with daily doses of 800 IU or more demonstrated beneficial effects on balance and muscle strength.ConclusionSupplemental vitamin D with daily doses of 800 to 1,000 IU consistently demonstrated beneficial effects on strength and balance. An effect on gait was not demonstrated, although further evaluation is recommended.
Liver Resection for Colorectal Metastases in Older Adults: A Paired Matched Analysis
Authors: Di Benedetto Fabrizio , Berretta Massimiliano , D'Amico Giuseppe , Montalti Roberto , De Ruvo Nicola , Cautero Nicola , Guerrini Gian Piero , Ballarin Roberto , Spaggiari Mario , Tarantino Giuseppe , Di Sandro Stefano , Pecchi Anna , Luppi Gabriele , Gerunda Giorgio‐Enrico 
Published: December 2011

ObjectivesTo assess the safety and long‐term results of hepatic resection of colorectal liver metastases (CLM) in older adults.DesignCase–control.SettingSingle liver and multivisceral transplant center.ParticipantsIndividuals with CLM: 32 aged 70 and older (older group) and 32 younger than 70 (younger group) matched in a 1:1 ratio according to sex, primary tumor site, liver metastases at diagnosis, number of metastases, maximum tumor size, infiltration of cut margin, type of hepatic resection, and hepatic resection timing.MeasurementsPostoperative complications and survival rates.ResultsThere was no significant difference in preoperative clinical findings between the two study groups. The incidence of cumulative postoperative complications was similar in the older (28.1%) and younger (34.4%) groups (P = .10). One‐, 3‐, and 5‐year disease‐free survival rates were 57.6%, 32.9%, and 16.4%, respectively, in the younger group and 67.9%, 29.2%, and 19.5%, respectively, in the older group (P = .72). One‐, 3‐, and 5‐year participant survival rates were 84.1%, 51.9%, and 33.3%, respectively, in the older group and 93.6%, 63%, and 28%, respectively, in the younger group (P = .50).ConclusionsResection of colorectal liver metastases in older adults can be performed with low mortality and morbidity and offers a long‐time survival advantage to many of these individuals. Based on the results of this case–control study, older adults should be considered for surgical treatment whenever possible.
Treatment of Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head in Small Dogs with Micro Total Hip Replacement
Authors: Jankovits Daniel A. , Liska William D. , Kalis Russell H. 
Published: December 2011

ObjectivesTo evaluate clinical outcome of small dogs with avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head treated with Micro total hip replacement (THR).Study DesignNonrandomized, retrospective efficacy case series.AnimalsDogs (n = 7; 7 hips) that had MicroTHR.MethodsMedical records (December 2005–March 2009) of dogs affected withAVNtreated with MicroTHRwere reviewed. Data analysis included age, sex, breed, body weight, and body condition. All dogs were evaluated at least 6 months after MicroTHR was performed on the affectedAVNlimb. Physical, orthopedic, and radiographic examination, owner questionnaire, thigh girth, and ground reaction force were evaluated.ResultsSeven dogs (7MicroTHR) met the inclusion criteria. Mean age at time of onset of clinical signs was 7.7 months and mean age at time of MicroTHRwas 9.6 months. Mean body weight was 4.2 kg. Median body condition score was 5.0 (range, 4–6). Mean cumulative functional scores from client questionnaires before (19.5; range, 11–25) and after MicroTHR(8.2; range, 7–14) were significantly different (P= .004). There was no significant difference between thigh girths of the MicroTHR(17.8 ± 2.6 cm; range, 14.5–21.5 cm) limbs when compared with contralateral (17.5 ± 2.9 cm; range, 14.5–22.0 cm) limbs (P= .38). Peak vertical force (P= .20), vertical impulse (P= .81), peak braking force (P= .91), braking impulse (P= .19), peak propulsion force (P= .32), and propulsion impulse (P= .19) were not significantly different in MicroTHRlimbs compared with contralateral limbs.ConclusionThere was no relationship between age, sex, and breed for development ofAVNin this study. Dogs that received MicroTHRfor the treatment ofAVNhad no significant differences in thigh girth and ground reaction forces when MicroTHRlimb was compared with the contralateral limb.
Micro Total Hip Replacement in Dogs and Cats
Authors: Marino Dominic J , Ireifej Shadi J , Loughin Catherine A 
Published: December 2011

ObjectiveTo describe the surgical technique using power‐assisted femoral preparation and clinical outcome in 41 dogs and 2 cats surgically treated with the micro total hip prosthesis.Study DesignRetrospective case seriesAnimalsDogs (n = 41) and 2 catsMethodsMedical records (January 2007–March 2010) of dogs and cats that had MicroTHRwere reviewed. Data regarding implant position, cement mantle quality, concurrent surgery, intra‐ and postoperative complications, operative time, 3‐week and 3‐month recheck physical examinations, 3‐month pelvic radiograph findings, and interval from surgery to any complication were retrieved.ResultsSix dogs had staged bilateral MicroTHR, 35 dogs and 2 cats had unilateral MicroTHR. Median body weight was 8.2 kg (range, 2.1–14.2 kg) whereas for those that had complications (fracture or luxation) it was 8.6 kg (range, 6.6–14.1 kg). Median operative time was 71 minutes (range, 55–105 minutes). Complications included luxations (5 of 49; 10%) and femoral fracture (1; 2%). Lameness grades assigned at the 3‐month recheck examination: 39 (80%) animals were grade 1, 6 (12%) were grade 2, and 4 (8%) were grade 3. Forty‐five animals (92%) had good or excellent results.ConclusionsMicroTHRis a practical and effective surgery in small breed dogs and cats with coxofemoral disease.
Expression of Concern: Randomized comparison of superovulation with letrozole vs. clomiphene citrate in an IUI program for women with recently surgically treated minimal to mild endometriosis
Authors: ABU HASHIM HATEM , EL RAKHAWY MOHAMED , ABD ELAAL IBRAHIM 
Published: December 2011

Abstract Objective. To evaluate pregnancy rates with letrozole and clomiphene citrate (CC) alone for superovulation in an intrauterine insemination program for women with recently surgically treated minimal to mild endometriosis. Design. A randomized controlled trial following the CONSORT criteria. Setting. University teaching hospital and a private practice setting. Patients. 136 women with primary infertility due to minimal to mild endometriosis who did not achieve pregnancy after six to 12 months following laparoscopic treatment. Interventions: Superovulation using 5mg letrozole/day (69 women, 220 cycles) or 100mg CC/day (67 women, 213 cycles) for five days combined with intrauterine insemination up to four cycles. Main outcome measures. Clinical pregnancy rate per cycle, cumulative pregnancy rate after four cycles, number of follicles, serum estradiol, endometrial thickness on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin administration, serum progesterone, miscarriage and live birth rates. Results. The clinical pregnancy rate per cycle and the cumulative pregnancy rate after four cycles were comparable (15.9 vs. 14.5% and 64.7 vs. 57.2%; p=0.82, p=0.71 in letrozole and CC groups, respectively). Two twin pregnancies occurred in the CC/intrauterine insemination group. Miscarriage and live birth rates were comparable (11.4 vs. 12.9% and 44.9 vs. 40.3%; p=0.47, p=0.62 in letrozole and CC groups, respectively). The total number of follicles and serum estradiol on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin administration were significantly increased in the CC group. Conclusions. Superovulation with letrozole is not more effective than clomiphene citrate alone in an intrauterine insemination program for women with minimal to mild endometriosis who did not achieve pregnancy after six to 12 months following laparoscopic treatment. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT01334762.
The use of video‐clips as a teaching aide
Authors: Smith W. , Rafeek R. , Marchan S. , Paryag A. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIntroduction:  Video‐clips of tooth preparations recorded with a digital head‐mounted camera replaced live demonstrations midway in a preclinical operative dentistry course. DVDs of the video‐clips were made available to the students for home use.Aims:  The aim of this study was to determine whether the use of these video‐clips had any impact on students’ practical examination results and to analyse students’ opinions of this new technology and the perceived impact on their learning.Methods:  A questionnaire was administered to all students (n = 26) who completed the course, asking their opinions on the video‐clips. The results of student practical examinations before the introduction of the camera were compared with those after the video‐clips were available and also to the examination outcomes of the previous year’s students (ANOVA, P < 0.05).Results:  Twenty‐one students completed the questionnaire. Sixteen students (76%) preferred the video‐clips to the live demonstrations, and 12 students (57%) made and reviewed the DVDs at home. They expressed a preference for the videos to be made available online or as podcasts. Twelve students (57%) felt that one‐to‐one supervision was more effective developing their competence in tooth preparations when compared to their viewing of the video‐clips. There were no statistically significant differences between the practical examination results.Conclusion:  In this group of students, video‐clips were the preferred method of demonstration of tooth preparations in the preclinical environment. However, students perceived their learning to be facilitated more by one‐to‐one supervision. The students preferred to have the video‐clips made available to them online instead of in the form of a DVD. The introduction of this educational aide did not make a difference in practical examination results.
Clarithromycin suppresses the periodontal bacteria‐accelerated abdominal aortic aneurysms in mice
Authors: Aoyama N. , Suzuki J.‐I. , Ogawa M. , Watanabe R. , Kobayashi N. , Hanatani T. , Yoshida A. , Ashigaki N. , Izumi Y. , Isobe M. 
Published: December 2011

Aoyama N, Suzuki J‐I, Ogawa M, Watanabe R, Kobayashi N, Hanatani T, Yoshida A, Ashigaki N, Izumi Y, Isobe M. Clarithromycin suppresses the periodontal bacteria‐accelerated abdominal aortic aneurysms in mice. J Periodont Res 2012; 47: 463–469. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/SBackground and Objective:  Although clarithromycin (CAM) has many biological functions, including regulation of MMPs, little is known about its effect on abdominal aortic aneurysms. Periodontopathic bacteria have been reported to be associated with several kinds of circulatory diseases. The purpose of this study was therefore to clarify the effect of CAM on periodontopathic bacteria‐accelerated abdominal aortic aneurysms.Material and Methods:  Abdominal aortic aneurysm was produced in mice by the peri‐aortic application of 0.25 m CaCl2. The mice were inoculated once per week with live Porphyromonas gingivalis, which is one of the major periodontopathic bacteria. Test mice (n = 8) were given a daily oral dose of CAM, while control mice (n = 13) were not.Results:  Four weeks after the operation, the P. gingivalis‐injected and CAM‐treated mice showed a significant decrease in the aortic diameter in comparison with the mice only injected with P. gingivalis. Histopathologically, the samples obtained from the P. gingivalis‐injected and CAM‐treated mice showed less elastic degradation. Moreover, the plasma MMP‐2 concentration of the CAM‐treated mice decreased significantly.Conclusion:  These findings suggest that CAM administration is useful to suppress periodontal bacteria‐accelerated abdominal aortic aneurysms via MMP regulation.
Marathon of eponyms: 22 Virchow node
Authors: Scully C , Langdon J , Evans J 
Published: December 2011

Oral Diseases (2012) 18, 107–108The use of eponyms has long been contentious, but many remain in common use, as discussed elsewhere (Editorial: Oral Diseases. 2009: 15; 185). The use of eponyms in diseases of the head and neck is found mainly in specialties dealing with medically compromised individuals (paediatric dentistry, special care dentistry, oral and maxillofacial medicine, oral and maxillofacial pathology, oral and maxillofacial radiology and oral and maxillofacial surgery) and particularly by hospital‐centred practitioners. This series has selected some of the more recognized relevant eponymous conditions and presents them alphabetically. The information is based largely on data available from MEDLINE and a number of internet websites as noted below: the authors would welcome any corrections. This document summarizes data about Virchow node.
Enhanced alveolar bone loss in a model of non‐invasive periodontitis in rice rats
Authors: Aguirre JI , Akhter MP , Kimmel DB , Pingel J , Xia X , Williams A , Jorgensen M , Edmonds K , Lee JY , Reinhard MK , Battles AH , Kesavalu L , Wronski TJ 
Published: December 2011

Oral Diseases (2012) 18, 459–468Objective:  The rice rat (Oryzomys palustris) develops periodontitis‐like lesions when fed a diet rich in sucrose and casein (H‐SC). We aimed to establish whether this model can accurately mimic the development of human periodontitis.Materials and Methods:  For this purpose, 28‐day‐old rice rats (15/group) were assigned to standard (STD) or H‐SC diets and sacrificed after 6, 12, and 18 weeks. Jaws were processed for morphometric, histometric, histologic, histomorphometric, and micro‐CT analyses.Results:  We found a progressive increase in horizontal alveolar bone loss (ABL) with age in maxillae of rats fed the STD diet as determined by morphometry. The H‐SC diet exacerbated horizontal ABL at the palatal surface at 12 and 18 weeks. Furthermore, increased vertical ABL was detected in mandibles and maxillae of rats fed the H‐SC diet for 12 and/or 18 weeks by histometry and micro‐CT. Remarkably, the H‐SC diet significantly increased bone remodeling at the interproximal alveolar bone of mandibles from rats fed for 6 weeks, but not in those fed for longer periods.Conclusions:  These findings indicate that the H‐SC diet induced a transient increase in alveolar bone remodeling, which is followed by ABL characteristic of moderate periodontitis.
Global myocardial function is compromised in infants with pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Sehgal Arvind , Athikarisamy Sam E , Adamopoulos Maria 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAim:  Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn is a serious clinical entity with significant mortality and long‐term morbidity. The objective was to study the profile of myocardial function, especially diastolic function, in term infants with pulmonary hypertension treated with nitric oxide.Methods:  Unit electronic database was accessed to identify infants ≥34 weeks gestation who were administered nitric oxide for pulmonary hypertension over the last 6 years. Medical records and archived echocardiographic images were retrieved. Those with no echocardiogram on the day of administration of nitric oxide, concomitant congenital heart disease or ≥2 weeks of age at the time of nitric administration were excluded.Results:  Low biventricular outputs were noted in >2/3rd infants. Tricuspid regurgitation was noted in 20/25 (80%) infants, and ductal shunt was bidirectional in the majority of cases. Right ventricular diastolic function was assessed by systolic to diastolic duration ratio; dysfunction was widely prevalent.Conclusions:  A large percentage of infants were haemodynamically severely compromised. This is the first study to detail right ventricular diastolic dysfunction in infants with pulmonary hypertension and highlights the therapeutic role of milrinone, a lusitropic drug with myocardial relaxation properties. Comprehensive evaluation of cardiovascular haemodynamics can optimize clinical care.
ESTIMATION OF GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE IN HEALTHY CATS USING SINGLE‐SLICE DYNAMICCTANDPATLAK PLOT ANALYSIS
Authors: Granger L. Abbigail , Armbrust Laura J. , Rankin David C. , Ghering Ronette , Bello Nora M. , Alexander Kate 
Published: December 2011

Commonly used clinical indicators of renal disease are either insensitive to early dysfunction or have delayed results. Decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) indicates renal dysfunction before there is a loss of 50% of functional nephrons. Most tests evaluate global rather than individual kidney function. Dynamic computed tomography (CT) andPatlak plot analysis allows for individualGFRto be tested. Our objectives were to establish a procedure and provide reference values for determination of globalGFRin 10 healthy cats using dynamicCT(CTGFR). This method ofGFRdetermination was compared against serum iohexol clearance (SIC). A singleCTslice centered on both kidneys and the aorta was acquired every fifth second during and after a bolus injection of iohexol (240 mgI/ml; 300 mgI/kg) for 115 s. Using data from this dynamic acquisition,Patlak plots were obtained,GFRwas calculated, and results were compared to globalGFRdetermined by iohexol clearance. The average globalCTGFRestimate was 1.84 ml/min × kg (SD = 0.43; range = [1.22, 2.45]). The average globalGFRmeasured usingSICwas 2.45 ml/min × kg (SD = 0.58; range = [1.72, 3.69]).GFRmeasurements estimated by both dynamicCTandSICwere positively associated (estimatedSpearman rank correlation coefficient = 0.72;P = 0.0234). TheCTGFRmethod consistently underestimatedGFRwith a bias of −0.62 (SE = 0.1307) when compared toSIC(P = 0.0011). In healthy cats,CTGFRwas capable of determining individual kidney function and appears clinically promising.
The catalytic core of an archaeal 2‐oxoacid dehydrogenase multienzyme complex is a 42‐mer protein assembly
Authors: Marrott Nia L. , Marshall Jacqueline J. T. , Svergun Dmitri I. , Crennell Susan J. , Hough David W. , Danson Michael J. , van den Elsen Jean M. H. 
Published: December 2011

The dihydrolipoyl acyl‐transferase (E2) enzyme forms the structural and catalytic core of the tripartite 2‐oxoacid dehydrogenase multienzyme complexes of the central metabolic pathways. Although this family of multienzyme complexes shares a common architecture, their E2 cores form homo‐trimers that, depending on the source, further associate into either octahedral (24‐mer) or icosahedral (60‐mer) assemblies, as predicted by the principles of quasi‐equivalence. In the crystal structure of the E2 core from Thermoplasma acidophilum, a thermophilic archaeon, the homo‐trimers assemble into a unique 42‐mer oblate spheroid. Analytical equilibrium centrifugation and small‐angle X‐ray scattering analyses confirm that this catalytically active 1.08 MDa assembly exists as a single species in solution, forming a hollow spheroid with a maximum diameter of 220 Å. In this paper we show that a monodisperse macromolecular assembly, built from identical subunits in non‐identical environments, forms an irregular protein shell via non‐equivalent interactions. This unusually irregular protein shell, combining cubic and dodecahedral geometrical elements, expands on the concept of quasi‐equivalence as a basis for understanding macromolecular assemblies by showing that cubic point group symmetry is not a physical requirement in multienzyme assembly. These results extend our basic knowledge of protein assembly and greatly expand the number of possibilities to manipulate self‐assembling biological complexes to be utilized in innovative nanotechnology applications.DatabaseThe final coordinates of the E2 structure have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank (PDB accession code 3RQC)Structured digital abstract
E2 and E2 bind by x‐ray crystallography (View interaction)
E2 and E2 bind by x ray scattering (View interaction)
Plasma flow versus magnetic feature-tracking speeds in the Sun
Authors: Guerrero G. , Rheinhardt M. , Brandenburg A. , Dikpati M. 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
We simulate the magnetic feature-tracking (MFT) speed using axisymmetric advective—diffusive transport models in both one and two dimensions. By depositing magnetic bipolar regions at different latitudes at the Sun's surface and following their evolution for a prescribed meridional circulation and magnetic diffusivity profiles, we derive the MFT speed as a function of latitude. We find that in a one-dimensional surface-transport model the simulated MFT speed at the surface is always the same as the meridional flow speed used as input to the model, but is different in a two-dimensional transport model in the meridional (r, θ) plane. The difference depends on the value of the magnetic diffusivity and on the radial gradient of the latitudinal velocity. We have confirmed our results with two different codes in spherical and Cartesian coordinates.
Radius and magnetic field from synchrotron self-absorbed radio and inverse-Compton X-ray observations of supernovae
Authors: Katz Boaz 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Simple expressions for the radius and magnetic field of a system emitting synchrotron self-absorbed radio and inverse-Compton X-rays are derived from first principles which involve observable quantities only. These expressions are useful for analysing observations of supernova blast waves interacting with dense circumstellar material at early times.