bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinetic Control of Complexity in Multiple Dynamic Libraries
Authors: Rivero David S. , Pérez‐Pérez Yaiza , Perretti Marcelle D. , Santos Tanausú , Scoccia Jimena , Tejedor David , Carrillo Romen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMultiple dynamic libraries of compounds are generated when more than one reversible reaction comes into play. Commonly, two or more orthogonal reversible reactions are used, leading to non‐communicating dynamic libraries which share no building blocks. Only a few examples of communicating libraries have been reported, and in all those cases, building blocks are reversibly exchanged from one library to the other, constituting an antiparallel dynamic covalent system. Herein we report that communication between two different dynamic libraries through an irreversible process is also possible. Indeed, alkyl amines cancel the dynamic regime on the nucleophilic substitution of tetrazines, generating kinetically inert compounds. Interestingly, such amine can be part of another dynamic library, an imine‐amine exchange. Thus, both libraries are interconnected with each other by an irreversible process which leads to kinetically inert structures that contain parts from both libraries, causing a collapse of the complexity. Additionally, a latent irreversible intercommunication could be developed. In such a way, a stable molecular system with specific host–guest and fluorescence properties, could be irreversibly transformed when the right stimulus was applied, triggering the cancellation of the original supramolecular and luminescent properties and the emergence of new ones.
An Unprecedented [BO2]‐Based Deep‐Ultraviolet Transparent Nonlinear Optical Crystal by Superhalogen Substitution
Authors: Liu Shuai , Jiang Xingxing , Qi Lu , Hu Yilei , Duanmu Kaining , Wu Chao , Lin Zheshuai , Huang Zhipeng , Humphrey Mark G. , Zhang Chi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSolid‐state structures with the superhalogen [BO2]− have thus far only been observed with a few compounds whose syntheses require high reaction temperatures and complicated procedures, while their optical properties remain almost completely unexplored. Herein, we report a facile, energy‐efficient synthesis of the first [BO2]‐based deep‐ultraviolet (deep‐UV) transparent oxide K9[B4O5(OH)4]3(CO3)(BO2) ⋅ 7H2O (KBCOB). Detailed structural characterization and analysis confirm that KBCOB possesses a rare four‐in‐one three‐dimensional quasi‐honeycomb framework, with three π‐conjugated anions ([BO2]−, [BO3]3−, and [CO3]2−) and one non‐π‐conjugated anion ([BO4]5−) in the one crystal. The evolution from the traditional halogenated nonlinear optical (NLO) analogues to KBCOB by superhalogen [BO2]− substitution confers deep‐UV transparency (<190 nm), a large second‐harmonic generation response (1.0×KH2PO4 @ 1064 nm), and a 15‐fold increase in birefringence. This study affords a new route to the facile synthesis of functional [BO2]‐based oxides, paving the way for the development of next‐generation high‐performing deep‐UV NLO materials.
Domain Swapping in Abiotic Foldamers
Authors: Wang Shuhe , Wicher Barbara , Douat Céline , Maurizot Victor , Huc Ivan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFoldamer sequences that adopt tertiary helix‐turn‐helix folds mediated by helix‐helix hydrogen bonding in organic solvents have been previously reported. In an attempt to create genuine abiotic quaternary structures, i.e. assemblies of tertiary structures, new sequences were prepared that possess additional hydrogen bond donors at positions that may promote an association between the tertiary folds. However, a solid state structure and extensive solution state investigations by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Circular Dichroism (CD) show that, instead of forming a quaternary structure, the tertiary folds assemble into stable domain‐swapped dimer motifs. Domain swapping entails a complete reorganization of the arrays of hydrogen bonds and changes in relative helix orientation and handedness that can all be rationalized.
Differences in audiovisual temporal processing in autistic adults are specific to simultaneity judgments
Authors: Regener Paula , Heffer Naomi , Love Scott A. , Petrini Karin , Pollick Frank 
Published: April 2024

AbstractResearch has shown that children on the autism spectrum and adults with high levels of autistic traits are less sensitive to audiovisual asynchrony compared to their neurotypical peers. However, this evidence has been limited to simultaneity judgments (SJ) which require participants to consider the timing of two cues together. Given evidence of partly divergent perceptual and neural mechanisms involved in making temporal order judgments (TOJ) and SJ, and given that SJ require a more global type of processing which may be impaired in autistic individuals, here we ask whether the observed differences in audiovisual temporal processing are task and stimulus specific. We examined the ability to detect audiovisual asynchrony in a group of 26 autistic adult males and a group of age and IQ‐matched neurotypical males. Participants were presented with beep‐flash, point‐light drumming, and face‐voice displays with varying degrees of asynchrony and asked to make SJ and TOJ.The results indicated that autistic participants were less able to detect audiovisual asynchrony compared to the control group, but this effect was specific to SJ and more complex social stimuli (e.g., face‐voice) with stronger semantic correspondence between the cues, requiring a more global type of processing. This indicates that audiovisual temporal processing is not generally different in autistic individuals and that a similar level of performance could be achieved by using a more local type of processing, thus informing multisensory integration theory as well as multisensory training aimed to aid perceptual abilities in this population.
Comparison of staging MRI to re‐resection for localised bladder cancer: Narrative review
Authors: Klempfner Hugo , Anderson Paul 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionBladder cancer (BCa) is characterised by high prevalence, multifocality, and frequent recurrence, imposing significant clinical and economic burdens. Accurate staging, particularly distinguishing non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) from muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) disease, is crucial for guiding treatment decisions. This narrative review explores the potential implications of incorporating multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and the Vesical Imaging Reporting Data System (VI‐RADS) into BCa staging, focusing on repeat transurethral resection of bladder tumour (re‐TURBT).MethodsA comprehensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, and MEDLINE databases identified studies published from 2018 to 2023 discussing mpMRI or VI‐RADS in the context of re‐TURBT for BCa staging. Studies meeting inclusion criteria underwent qualitative analysis.ResultsSix recent studies met inclusion criteria. VI‐RADS scoring, accurately predicted muscle invasion, aiding in NMIBC/MIBC differentiation. VI‐RADS scores of ≥3 indicated MIBC with high sensitivity and specificity. VI‐RADS potentially identified patients benefiting from re‐TURBT and those for whom it could be safely omitted.DiscussionmpMRI and VI‐RADS offer promising prospects for BCa staging, potentially correlating more closely with re‐TURBT and radical cystectomy histopathology than initial TURBT. However, validation and careful evaluation of clinical integration are needed. Future research should refine patient selection and optimise mpMRI's role in BCa management.ConclusionVI‐RADS scoring could revolutionise BCa staging, especially regarding re‐TURBT. There is potential that VI‐RADS correlates more with the histopathology of re‐TURBT and radical cystectomy than initial TURBT. While promising, ongoing research is essential to validate utility, refine selection criteria, and address economic considerations. Integration of VI‐RADS into BCa staging holds potential benefits for patients and health care systems.
An efficient lipid droplet‐targeted fluorescent probe for detection of intracellular viscosity
Authors: Yang Yingjie , Guo Rui , Hu Kexin , Xu Meijie , Liang Tingting , Lin Weiying 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLipid droplet, an intracellular lipid reservoir, is vital for energy metabolism and signal transmission in cells. The viscosity directly affects the metabolism of lipid droplets, and the abnormal viscosity is associated with the occurrence and development of various diseases. Therefore, it is indispensable to develop techniques that can detect viscosity changes in intracellular lipid droplets. Based on twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) mechanism, a novel small‐molecule lipid droplet‐targeted viscosity fluorescence probe PPF‐1 was designed. The probe was easy to synthesize, it had a large Stokes shift, stable optical properties, and low bio‐toxicity. Compared to being in methanol solution, the fluorescence intensity of PPF‐1 in glycerol solution was increased 26.7‐fold, and PPF‐1 showed excellent ability to target lipid droplets. Thus, the probe PPF‐1 could provide an effective means of detecting viscosity changes of lipid droplets and was of great value for physiological diagnosis of related diseases, pathological analysis, and medical research.
Prognostic implications of combining EGFR‐TKIs and radiotherapy in Stage IV lung adenocarcinoma with 19‐Del or 21‐L858R mutations: A real‐world study
Authors: Liang Shuai , Wang Hanyu , Zhang Yingyun , Tian Haixia , Li Chengming , Hua Dong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo elucidate the potential benefits of combining radiotherapy and epidermal growth factor receptor‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR‐TKIs) for individuals with Stage IV lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) harboring either exon 19 deletion (19‐Del) or exon 21 L858R mutation (21‐L858R).MethodsIn this real‐world retrospective study, 177 individuals with Stage IV LUAD who underwent EGFR‐TKIs and radiotherapy at Shandong Cancer Hospital from June 2012 to August 2017 were included. The main focus of this real‐world study was overall survival (OS).ResultsThe clinical characteristics of patients with Stage IV LUAD harboring 19‐Del were similar to those harboring 21‐L858R (p > 0.05). Overall, the patients had a median OS (mOS) of 32.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 28.6–35.5). Subsequently, multivariate analysis indicated that both EGFR mutations and thoracic radiotherapy were independent predictors of OS (p = 0.001 and 0.013). Furthermore, subgroup analysis highlighted a longer OS for the 19‐Del group compared to the 21‐L858R group, especially when EGFR‐TKIs were combined with bone metastasis or thoracic radiotherapy (mOS: 34.7 vs. 25.1 months and 51.0 vs. 29.6 months; p = 0.0056 and 0.0013, respectively). However, no significant differences were found in OS when considering patients who underwent brain metastasis radiotherapy (mOS: 34.7 vs. 25.1 months; p = 0.088).ConclusionsPatients with Stage IV LUAD harboring 19‐Del experience a notably prolonged OS following combined therapy with EGFR‐TKIs and radiotherapy, while this OS benefit is observed despite the absence of substantial differences in the clinical characteristics between the 19‐Del and 21‐L858R groups.
Six versus four or five cycles of first‐line etoposide and platinum‐based chemotherapy combined with thoracic radiotherapy in patients with limited‐stage small‐cell lung cancer: A propensity score‐matched analysis of a prospective randomized trial
Authors: Yu Tian‐tian , Hu Xiao , Liufu Wei‐jian , Niu Shao‐qing , Lian Hui‐min , Ma Hong‐lian , Wang Jin , Bao Yong , Chen Ming , Peng Fang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe recommended treatment for limited‐stage small‐cell lung cancer (LS‐SCLC) is a combination of thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) and etoposide plus cisplatin (EP) chemotherapy, typically administered over 4–6 cycles. Nonetheless, the optimal duration of chemotherapy is still not determined. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of patients with LS‐SCLC who received either 6 cycles or 4–5 cycles of EP chemotherapy combined with TRT.Materials and MethodsIn this retrospective analysis, we utilized data from our prior prospective trial to analyze the outcomes of 265 LS‐SCLC patients who received 4–6 courses of EP combined with concurrent accelerated hyperfractionated TRT between 2002 and 2017. Patients were categorized into two groups depending on their number of chemotherapy cycles: 6 or 4–5 cycles. To assess overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS), we employed the Kaplan–Meier method after conducting propensity score matching (PSM).ResultsAmong the 265 LS‐SCLC patients, 60 (22.6%) received 6 cycles of EP chemotherapy, while 205 (77.4%) underwent 4–5 cycles. Following PSM (53 patients for each group), the patients in the 6 cycles group exhibited a significant improvement in OS and PFS in comparison to those in the 4–5 cycles group [median OS: 29.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 23.6–53.1 months) vs. 22.7 months (95% CI, 20.8–29.1 months), respectively, p = 0.019; median PFS: 17.9 months (95% CI, 13.7–30.5 months) vs. 12.0 months (95% CI, 9.8–14.2 months), respectively, p = 0.006]. The two‐year and five‐year OS rates were 60.38% and 29.87% in the 6 cycles group, whereas 47.17% and 15.72% in the 4–5 cycles group, respectively.ConclusionPatients diagnosed with LS‐SCLC who were treated with EP regimen chemotherapy combined with TRT exhibited notably enhanced survival when administered 6 cycles of chemotherapy, as compared to those who underwent only 4–5 cycles.
Navigating secondary school: A perspective from trans and non‐binary activists
Authors: Lorusso Maric Martin , Compare Christian , Cecconi Annalisa , Albanesi Cinzia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGender expansive youth, including trans and non‐binary (TNB) individuals, encounter unique challenges in educational contexts, often marked by hostility, exclusion, and discrimination. This research, adopting the social justice youth development (SJYD) framework, aims to investigate the challenges experienced in Italian secondary schools, amplifying the voices of TNB activists. A total of 15 activists (average age 23.8), comprising 5 trans men, 2 trans women and 8 non‐binary individuals, were recruited. Most identified as White Italian, with one of Italian‐African descent and one multiracial. Interviews collected participants' perceptions of barriers and areas for improvement in school contexts. Reflexive thematic analysis confirmed schools as challenging contexts for TNB identities, highlighting critical flaws in the educational system, such as macro‐ and micro‐aggressions, insufficient knowledge among teachers and staff to support gender expansive students, and a tendency to systematically exclude LGBTQIA+ culture‐related content from curricula. Participants reported engaging in individual and collective activism, striving to adapt and transform educational environments into inclusive spaces for gender identity exploration. Activism stemmed from a sense of responsibility to enhance the well‐being and recognition of the TNB community. Practical implications for school community practices and policies, informed by the SJYD framework in dialogue with participants' experiences, are proposed. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
A young patient with Graves' disease presenting with a triad of heart failure, pancytopenia, and jaundice: A case report
Authors: Sabra Mohamed Kamal , Joudeh Anwar , Al Niserat Mahmoud , Hammamy Riyadh 
Published: April 2024

Key Clinical MessageGraves's disease must be treated promptly to avoid serious sequelae such as cardiomyopathy, liver injury, and pancytopenia. Early initiation of antithyroid medications and beta blockers could not be overrated even in the presence of these complications.AbstractGraves' disease causes a large spectrum of clinical manifestations. Delayed diagnosis and management of Graves' disease could lead to serious systemic sequelae. We describe a case of a young man who presented with progressive cough, increased abdominal girth and ankle swelling for a few months. On examination, he had jaundice, bilateral exophthalmos, diffuse goiter, ascites, and significant lower limb edema. Laboratory investigations showed increased Thyroxin level with a suppressed thyroid stimulating hormone and positive anti‐thyrotropin receptor antibodies. Also, the patient had pancytopenia, coagulopathy and cholestatic pattern of elevated liver enzymes. Echocardiography demonstrated mildly reduced left ventricular function with diastolic dysfunction, but electrocardiogram did not show atrial fibrillation. Despite the concerns about using antithyroid medications in patients with impaired liver function tests and pancytopenia, the patient improved dramatically without worsening of his hematological or biochemical parameters. Early initiation of antithyroid medications and beta blockers is essential for patients who are newly diagnosed with hyperthyroidism.
Pitfalls and tips for lumenless lead extraction inserted deep within the ventricular septum
Authors: Tomura Nobunari , Shiraishi Hirokazu , Makino Masahiro , Munakata Jun , Shimoo Satoshi , Iwakoshi Hibiki , Nishimura Tetsuro , Ohkura Takashi , Senoo Keitaro , Matoba Satoaki 
Published: April 2024

Key Clinical MessageThis case highlights the pitfalls and provides tips for the extraction of deeply implanted lumenless leads, and encourages careful lead selection in the current era of widespread left bundle branch area pacing.AbstractThe extraction of cardiovascular implantable electronic device leads is sometimes complicated. We describe a case with difficult but successful extraction of SelectSecure, a lumenless permanent pacemaker lead, implanted deep in the ventricular septum, highlighting its pitfalls and tips in the current era of left bundle branch area pacing.
Achieving Regioselective Control for Mechanochemical Reactions: A Planetary Ball‐Milling, Ru‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 3,4‐ and 3,4,5‐Isoxazoles
Authors: Hernandez R. Rafael A. , Nabavi Negin , Patterson Stephanie J. , Forgione Pat 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA mechanochemical‐enabled Ru‐catalyzed regioselective synthesis of 3,4‐isoxazoles and 3,4,5‐isoxazoles from terminal and internal alkynes and hydroxyimidoyl chlorides is reported. This solid‐state and solvent‐free approach carefully examines the impact of the milling conditions on regiocontrol in 1,3‐dipolar cycloadditions using mechanochemical means. The study reveals that milling frequency, jar material, and the choice of liquid additive for liquid‐assisted grinding (LAG) significantly influence the catalytic activity of the Ru catalyst. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis confirms the crucial role of coordinating liquid additives such as acetone and cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME) in stabilizing and reducing the size of the in‐situ formed Ru nanoparticles, which is essential for catalytic activity. The applicability of this protocol is further demonstrated through the synthesis of a library of 3,4‐ and 3,4,5‐isoxazoles from a wide range of terminal and internal alkynes with varying physical states and electronic properties that highlights the potential of this method for the synthesis of more complex target molecules.
Direct Z‐Scheme Heterostructure of Nanoparticle‐CdSe on Nanorod‐NaNbO3: Facile Hydro‐thermal Construction and Superior Photocatalytic Activity and Stability in H2 Evolution
Authors: Gao Linlin , Chang Shengyuan , Gu Huajun , Zhang Huihui , Huang Yamei , Wang Xinglin , Li Qin , Dai Wei‐Lin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe advancement of exceptionally effective catalysts that are photostable is significantly important for the sustainable conversion of solar energy into hydrogen. Combining the strengths of NaNbO3 and CdSe in a fabricated heterojunction has been pursued in photocatalysis to enhance the performance while addressing CdSe′s stability. In this study, nanoparticle‐CdSe was deposited on NaNbO3 nanorods via hydrothermal method, and the optimal composite ratio of CdSe/NaNbO3 heterojunction achieved a photocatalytic hydrogen production of 2510 μmol g−1h−1. The enhancement is ascribed to the formation of a Z‐scheme heterojunction by the interface contact between CdSe and NaNbO3.The migration of electrons from NaNbO3 to CdSe was revealed by charge density difference results in DFT calculation. Work function of samples demonstrated the equilibrium of Fermi level and a corresponding shift of the band structure in the heterojunction. The H adsorption free energy (ΔGH*) for the heterojunction was 0.26 eV, suggesting a reduced energy barrier for hydrogen generation. Notably, the stable structure of NaNbO3 endows the composites with excellent chemical stability, maintaining more than 80 % activity after six hydrogen production cyclic tests. This work offers valuable insights into the development of direct Z‐scheme structure catalysts for photocatalytic water splitting.
Chemically Self–Chargeable Batteries and Devices Beyond Energy Installation
Authors: Yuan Zhongke , Luo Guanghao , Yu Dingshan , Chen Xudong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSelf–charging devices integrating ambient energy conversion technologies into batteries are attracting extensive attention in interdisciplinary research fields. However, the integrated devices such solar/mechanical/heat chargeable systems rely on the accessibility of the energy and possess rather complicated configuration. In recent years, the chemically self–chargeable batteries and devices have attracted wide attention due to its self–powering functionality, simplified pact structure and environment adaptability. This minireview will focus on the connotation and denotation of the chemically self–chargeable batteries and representative applications beyond conventional energy installations.
Intramolecular Cyclopropanation of Active Methylene Derivatives Based on FeCl2 or FeCl3‐Promoted Radical‐Polar Crossover Reactions
Authors: Yoshioka Eito , Imoto Yuuki , Yamaoka Yousuke , Ikeda Tomoko , Takahashi Hiroki , Tanaka Ryousuke , Hayashi Naoki , Miyabe Hideto 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRadical‐polar crossover reactions were studied for the intramolecular cyclopropanation of active methylene derivatives. In the presence of FeCl3 as a stoichiometric oxidant and K2HPO4 as a base, the dehydrogenative cyclopropanation of active methylenes proceeded through the FeCl3‐promoted oxidative radical cyclization followed by the ionic cyclization to give the bicyclic cyclopropanes. The use of α‐chloro‐active methylenes leads the subcatalytic cyclopropanation involving two redox pathways. In the presence of K2HPO4, the redox cyclopropanation proceeded by using FeCl2 (20 mol%) in combination with ligand (20 mol%).