bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Rare Case of Isolated Right Ventricular Loeffler’s Endocarditis in Primary Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
Authors: Padoan Laura , Coiro Stefano , Sforna Stefano , del Pinto Maurizio , Savino Ketty 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a systemic disorder with various manifestations, characterized by hypereosinophilia and caused by primary or secondary conditions. Loeffler’s endocarditis (LE) represents a frequent cardiac manifestation of HES, caused by infiltration of the myocardium by eosinophilic cells, which determines endocardial damage, with subsequent inflammation, thrombosis, and fibrosis of either one or both ventricles. The diagnosis of cardiac involvement is based on a multimodality approach (i.e., two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography [2D-TTE], speckle-tracking echocardiography [STE], and cardiac magnetic resonance [CMR]), with different findings depending on the stage of disease. STE may be useful in the initial phase when traditional imaging techniques may result negative, whereas CMR allows myocardial tissue characterization along with a better definition of the right ventricle. We present a rare case of LE with isolated right ventricular involvement in a patient with HES caused by chronic eosinophilic leukemia with constitutively activated fusion tyrosine kinase on chromosome 4q12, successfully treated with imatinib mesylate.
Clinical Prevention Services by Primary Care Physicians
Authors: Kumar Raman , Atreya Shrikant Yegneswaran , Grover Alka 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Clinical prevention in primary care involves the identification of risk factors and early signs of disease, as well as the implementation of interventions to prevent the onset or progression of illness in individuals. Community based primary care physicians are best positioned within the health system to deliver clinical prevention. It is essential for primary care physicians to stay up-to-date with current screening guidelines and recommendations from professional organizations to provide evidence-based care.
Effectiveness of an Intervention in Improving Knowledge and Practices about Kala-azar in a Tribal Population of Eastern India
Authors: Paul Pritama , Kovvuru Surendra Reddy , Akhtar Naushad , Kumar Mukesh , Paul Uttam Kumar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Kala-azar, or visceral leishmaniasis, caused by Leishmania donovani, remains a significant health concern in India and other endemic regions. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and practices (KAP) related to kala-azar among the Bedia tribal community in the Uttar Dinajpur district of West Bengal, India, and evaluate the impact of an educational intervention.

Methods:
A total of 289 participants were included in this observational study with an intervention component. Demographic and socioeconomic data were collected, and a pretested questionnaire assessed KAP related to kala-azar. Knowledge and practice assessments were conducted before and after the intervention. Statistical analysis was done to evaluate the intervention’s effectiveness.

Results:
The majority of participants were in the 18–30-year age group, engaged in unskilled work, and had limited formal education, reflecting significant poverty in the population. The intervention significantly improved participants’ knowledge and practices related to kala-azar. After the intervention, correct responses to questions regarding transmission, symptoms, curability, and treatment increased substantially.

Discussion:
The study highlights the effectiveness of targeted interventions in raising awareness and promoting healthier practices in underserved communities. It underscores the importance of addressing socioeconomic disparities in health-care access and tailoring interventions to the specific needs of different socioeconomic statuses.

Conclusion:
This study provides critical insights into the KAP related to kala-azar among the Bedia tribal community in India. Targeted interventions can be effective in reducing the incidence of kala-azar and improving overall health outcomes in marginalized populations.
Efficacy of Unani formulation in acne vulgaris: An open-labeled single-arm clinical trial
Authors: Anjum Sultana , Bhat Muzafar Din Ahmad 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Acne vulgaris is a prevalent dermatological disorder, predominantly affecting adolescents. The prevalence hits its peak during the middle-to-late teenaged period with more than 85% of adolescents affected.

Objectives:
The present study was designed to investigate the effect of Unani formulation in the management of acne vulgaris.

Materials and Methods:
An open-labeled single-arm clinical study was carried out on 30 patients of acne vulgaris. The test drug formulation contains Murdarsang (lead oxide), Bura armani (Borax), and Roghan gul (Rose oil). Patients were advised to use it in the form of paste for 28 days. The patients were followed for 2 weeks after treatment to assess the residual effect. The subjective parameters (erythema, dryness, peeling, burning, and itching) and objective parameters: Global Evaluation of Acne Scale (GEA) and Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) questionnaire were noted every week during the trial. The data were analyzed statistically to assess the effect of the intervention.

Results:
After 4 weeks of treatment, there was a statistically significant reduction in all subjective parameters (P < 0.001). A significant reduction was also seen in the GEA scale and CADI (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The present findings suggest that the trial drug is effective in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Moreover, studies on different treatment durations are required to finetune these observations.
Effect of various Unani drugs used against mosquitoes
Authors: Rashid Asiya , Sofi Ghulamuddin , Zia Anam , Bhat Ulfat Ahad 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives:
Vector-borne diseases are intensely increasing worldwide and are accountable for affecting the quality of life as well as millions of mortalities per year. Mosquito is the most common vector responsible for the transmission of causative agents from the source of infection to the susceptible host. Vector control is the primary tool to prevent the spread of infection. There are various measures adopted for mosquito control such as personnel protective methods and the use of synthetic insecticides. Resistance developed by mosquitoes to chemical insecticides leads to the failure of mosquito control. Synthetic insecticides are also hazardous to the environment and pose a negative impact on health and the environment. This review is carried out to highlight the plants having larvicidal activity to initiate a step to develop an effective insecticide/larvicide compound that will combat the increasing resistance rates in mosquitoes and in turn prevent the mortalities that occur due to mosquito-borne diseases.

Methodology:
Unani literature was surveyed to note the plant-based drugs that have been traditionally used to repel or kill mosquitoes. Indexed journals from PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, and other search engines were used to collect information about the above plant-based drugs for their mosquito-repellant or larvicidal actions. The findings were analyzed and the same summarized in the study.

Observation and Results:
About 51 plants were searched for larvicidal actions; it was found that all of them had larvicidal activity. When the Unani literature was surveyed, it was found that most of the acclaimed drugs were mentioned in Unani classical books and used to repel, kill, or attract mosquitoes in one place.

Conclusion:
The most effective approach to defeat the detrimental effects of synthetic insecticides is to explore the plant-origin-based drugs reported to have insecticidal/larvicidal activity. There is a great opportunity to develop mosquito control measures in the plant sources as claimed in Unani literature.
An assessment of nutritional status and its association with school performance among school-age children (8–14 years) in Gauripalya, Bengaluru
Authors: Ahmad Sayeed , Ansari Abdul Haseeb , Zulkifle Mohammad , Abrar Bushra 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Children are the most vulnerable group that suffers from malnutrition. Nutritional status can affect the overall development of children. It may also affect the school performance of children. The present study is an attempt to assess the nutritional status of school-going children and its association with their school performance.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 430 students from classes 3 to 7 standard from two schools in rural Bangalore, India, were included in the study. Information on the age and socioeconomic status of students were collected from school records. Height and weight measurements were taken. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Children were clinically examined for pallor. World Health Organization ‘Z’ score charts were used to categorize weight for age, height for age, and BMI for age. The annual scholastic performance has been correlated with the poor nutrition of children. Student’s t-test (two-tailed, independent) and Chi-square/Fisher exact test have been used to evaluate the relationship between nutritional status and annual scholastic performance.

Results:
A total of 430 students participated in this study. The prevalence of underweight in boys was 25.21% (119) and in girls was 19.82% (111). The prevalence of stunting in boys was 12.60% (119), while in girls, it was 9% (111). The prevalence of wasting in the boys was 32.77% (119) and was 29.73% (111) in the girl, respectively. Among them, A + grade results were in 10 (2.30%), B grade results were in 70 (35.0%), and B + grade results were in 81 (35.22%).

Conclusion:
Hence, we conclude that the prevalence of malnutrition is higher among males than in females and children with lower socioeconomic status are more affected. Moreover, the nutritional status of the children is closely associated with their academic performances.
Increased prevalence of anemia (Faqr-al-dam) among teenagers and related control programs in India
Authors: Husain Safder , Bibi Chand , Sherwani Arish Mohammad Khan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In anemia, red blood cells or the hemoglobin concentration are below the defined cutoff value in their number and size. In the Unani System of Medicine, anemia is termed Faqr al-Dam which means “shortage of blood.” Anemia is still common in India, and its prevalence has increased across all age groups. Among infants, pregnant and nonpregnant women as well as men, anemia has increased by 2%–9% according to data from NFHS-5 released on November 24, 2021. The main purpose of this article is to describe the prevalence, severity, and burden of anemia among teenagers at the national and subnational levels. All the data were collected from various articles, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare website, and other manuscripts. Between NFHS-4 and NFHS-5, the prevalence of anemia has increased among children by 8.5% and adolescents (girls by 5% and boys by 1.9%). State-wise situation, Assam had the worst performance rise of 32.7%, followed by Mizoram with an increase of 27.1% among children aged 6–59 months. The Indian government has launched different control programs to combat anemia for several years, but current data shows that there should be more improvement and strict implementation of those control programs in every state.
Cardiovascular Risk Awareness, Exercise Practices and Metabolic Outcomes among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Northern Nigeria: A Cross-sectional, Multicentre Study
Authors: Alkali Nura Hamidu , Uloko Andrew E. , Chiroma Ijuptil , Mugana Ayuba , Garba Maria Ahuoiza , Okpe Innocent Onoja , Gargah Elijah Tonde , Abdullahi Umar Faruk , Shadrach Lumsami , Haladu Ibrahim Abdullahi 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Physical exercise helps to mitigate cardiovascular risks in people with diabetes mellitus (DM), but there are limited data in Nigeria. This study aimed to assess cardiovascular risk awareness, exercise practices and metabolic outcomes among Nigerians with diabetes.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted a cross-sectional study at five tertiary hospitals using questionnaire interviews and clinical assessments. Participants’ knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors and knowledge of exercise were assessed on 12- and 5-item scores, while exercise practices were classed as adequate if performed regularly on 3 or more days weekly for a total of 150 min or more based on the American Diabetes Association recommendations. Mean body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), fasting blood glucose, serum haemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), lipid profile, urea, creatinine and uric acid were then compared among participant groups.

Results:
We studied 426 participants with DM, 58.7% females. The mean age was 52.9 ± 13.1 years, with males significantly older than females (54.6 ± 12.2 vs. 51.8 ± 13.5 years; 95% confidence interval: 0.27–5.28, P = 0.03). The mean age at diabetes diagnosis was 44.8 ± 11.7 years, and the median duration of diabetes was 84 months. There was low knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors and low knowledge of exercise (mean scores of 2.94 and 2.31, respectively). Forty-three per cent of participants reported adequate exercise, which was significantly associated with younger age (P = 0.007), male gender (P = 0.001) and formal education (P = 0.021). Participants with adequate exercise had lower systolic BP and serum urea compared to those with inadequate exercise, but there were no significant differences in BMI, fasting glucose, HbA1c, serum lipids, creatinine or uric acid.

Conclusion:
Participants had low knowledge of cardiovascular risks and the appropriate exercise practices for diabetes patients. There is a need for better patient education on diabetes self-care and exercise at clinic visits.
Efficient Gene Expression Data Analysis using ES-DBN For Microarray Cancer Data Classification
Authors: Sucharita Swati , Sahu Barnali , Swarnkar Tripti 
Published: June 2024

INTRODUCTION: DNA microarray has become a promising means for classification of various cancer types via the creation of various Gene Expression (GE) profiles, with the advancement of technologies. But, it is challenging to classify the GE profile since not all genes contribute to the presence of cancer and might lead to incorrect diagnoses. Thus an efficient GE data analysis for microarray cancer data classification using Exponential Sigmoid-Deep Belief Network (ES-DBN) is proposed in this work.OBJECTIVES: The study aims to develop an efficient GE data analysis using Exponential Sigmoid-Deep Belief Network (ES-DBN) for microarray cancer data classification.METHODS: The proposed methodology starts with pre-processing to compact data. Afterward, by utilizing Min-Max feature scaling technique, the pre-processed data is normalized. The normalized data is further encoded and feature ranking is performed. The subset values are selected using Cauchy Mutation-Coral Reefs Optimization (CM-CRO) in feature ranking. The feature vector is calculated by Pearson Correlation Coefficient based GloVe (PCC-GloVe) algorithm since different subsets return the same fitness value. Statistical and Biological validations take place after feature vector calculation. Lastly, for effective classification of the type of cancer, the vector features obtained are fed to ES-DBN.RESULTS: The outcomes of the proposed technique are evaluated with various datasets, which exhibited that the proposed technique performed well with the Ovarian cancer dataset and outperforms other conventional approaches.CONCLUSION: This study presents a comprehensive methodology for efficiently classifying cancer types using GE profile. The proposed GE data analysis using ES-DBN shows promising results, highlighting its potential as a valuable tool for cancer diagnosis and classification.
CHRONIC NON-SPECIFIC BACK PAIN
Authors: Старчина Ю.А. , Косивцова О.В. , Соколов Е.А. 
Published: June 2024

Хронической неспецифической болью в спине (ХНБС) считается боль, локализующаяся между XII парой ребер и ягодичными складками и длящаяся более 12 недель. Обследование пациента с ХНБС направлено на исключение ее специфической причины, дискогенной радикулопатии, поясничного стеноза, оценку факторов хронизации боли (социальных и психологических), выявление возможных анатомических источников боли: поражения межпозвоночных дисков, фасеточных суставов, крестцово-подвздошного сочленения, миофасциального синдрома. В лечении ХНБС наиболее эффективен мультидисциплинарный подход, включающий лечебную гимнастику, кинезиотерапию, когнитивно-поведенческую терапию, образовательные программы, мануальную терапию. Для облегчения боли при обострении эффективны нестероидные противовоспалительные препараты, миорелаксанты, при наличии депрессивного расстройства – антидепрессанты. Рассмотрена возможность использования нимесулида для лечения ХНБС.
Chronic nonspecific back pain (CNBP) is pain that is localized between the 12th pair of ribs and the gluteal folds and lasts more than 12 weeks. The examination of a patient with CNBP is aimed at excluding its specific cause, discogenic radiculopathy, lumbar stenosis, assessing the factors of pain chronicity (social and psychological), identifying possible anatomical sources of pain: damage to the intervertebral discs, facet joints, sacroiliac joint, myofascial syndrome. In the treatment of CNBP, a multidisciplinary approach is most effective, including therapeutic exercises, kinesiotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, educational programs, and manual therapy. To relieve pain during exacerbation, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxants are effective, and in the presence of a depressive disorder, antidepressants. The possibility of using nimesulide for the treatment of CNBP has been considered.
MODERN VIEW ON THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT
Authors: Захаров В.В. , Громова Д.О. 
Published: June 2024

Когнитивные нарушения являются важной междисциплинарной проблемой, с которой сталкиваются как неврологи и психиатры, так и врачи других специальностей. В настоящее время фокус внимания специалистов в области когнитивных нарушений направлен на все более ранние стадии когнитивной дисфункции. В статье представлено актуальное состояние проблемы умеренных когнитивных нарушений, которые можно определить как промежуточную стадию между нормальным старением и деменцией. Описываются наиболее частые причины развития умеренных когнитивных нарушений, такие как начальные стадии альцгеймеровской нейродегенерации и цереброваскулярные заболевания. Приведены диагностические критерии синдрома умеренных когнитивных нарушений и методики, рекомендуемые для диагностики данного синдрома. В статье также освещаются современные методы медикаментозной и немедикаментозной терапии пациентов с умеренными когнитивными нарушениями.
Cognitive impairment is an important interdisciplinary problem faced by neurologists and psychiatrists, as well as doctors of other specialties. Currently, the focus of attention of specialists in the field of cognitive impairment is directed towards increasingly earlier stages of cognitive dysfunction. The article presents the current state of the problem of mild cognitive impairment, which can be defined as an intermediate stage between normal aging and dementia. The most common causes of mild cognitive impairment, such as the initial stages of Alzheimer’s neurodegeneration and cerebrovascular diseases, are described. Diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment syndrome and methods recommended for diagnosing this syndrome are presented. The article also highlights modern methods of drug and non-drug therapy for patients with moderate cognitive impairment.
NOVEL DIHYDROACRIDONE DERIVATIVE POSSESSES ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY IN CANCER MODELS
Authors: Пакина В.А. , Иксанова Е.З. , Толстов М.В. , Богословская Е.В. , Блинов К.Д. , Мазова К.А. , Ших Е.В. , Куторкина Е.А. , Блинова Е.В. , Самышина Е.А. , Дерябина О.Н. , Тумутолова О.М. , Блинов Д.С. , Скачилова С.Я. 
Published: June 2024

На органоидной модели EGFR-экспрессирующего тройного негативного рака молочной железы 3-пиридинкарбамид 2-амино-5-метилпиридин (соединение ЛХТ-13-19) вызывает зависимую от концентрации циторедукцию с GI50, равным 16,24 мкМ (95% доверительный интервал 4,44–28,04 мкМ; R2 = −0,92; p = 0,005). Курсовое введение ЛХТ-13-19 в дозе 2 мг/кг в сутки в течение 10 дней мышам с ксенографтной опухолью того же происхождения увеличивало выживаемость лабораторных животных до медианного значения 31 день против 25 дней в контрольной группе (log rank = 5,441; р = 0,02) и сопровождалось торможением роста опухоли и ее метастазирования. Опухолевая циторедукция под действием ЛХТ-13-19 была обусловлена селективным воздействием на EGFR-экспрессирующие опухолевые клетки. Вещество может рассматриваться как потенциальный кандидат в противоопухолевое лекарственное средство.
It has been shown that 2-amino-5-methylpyridine 3-pyridinecarbamide (compound LHT-13-19) induces concentrationdependent cytoreduction of EGFR-expressing triple negative breast cancer organoids with estimated GI50 = 16.24 μM (95% CI 4.44–28.04 µM; R2 = −0.92; p = 0.005). Intraperitoneal administration of LHT-13-19 at a dose of 2 mg/kg per day for 10 days to mice with patient-derived xenograft tumor of the same origin as organoid one, increases the survival of laboratory animals to an average value of 31 days versus 25 days in the control group (log rank = 5.441; p = 0.02). The effect is accompanied by inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis. LHT-13-19-mediated cancer cytoreduction selectively affects EGFR-expressing tumor cells. The substance may be considered as promising candidate for an antitumor drug.
Successful human economic behaviour model socio-psychological preconceptions
Authors: Маковеев А.А. 
Published: June 2024

Цель исследования – сформировать социально-психологические предпосылки модели экономического поведения успешного человека. Отмечается проблема завышенного ожидания от своего социального статуса и роли в экономических отношениях у хозяйствующего субъекта. Экономический субъект формулирует представление об успехе на основе виртуальных данных с асимметричной информацией. Во время цифровой трансформации этот аспект только усугубляется. На широко тиражируемые в массовой культуре данные для завышенной самооценки результата собственной деятельности накладывается модель показного потребления.
The purpose of the study is to form the socio-psychological prerequisites for the model of economic behavior of a successful person. The problem of an overestimated expectation of one’s social status and role in economic relations among an economic entity is noted. An economic entity formulates an idea of success based on virtual data with asymmetric information. During the digital transformation, this aspect is only getting worse. A model of ostentatious consumption is superimposed on the data widely replicated in popular culture for overestimating the result of one’s own activity.
Basics of ensuring information security in the global internet network
Authors: Харисова З.И. , Елизарьев А.Н. , Ишмеева А.С. , Губайдуллина И.Н. 
Published: June 2024

В статье определено понятие и выделены основные принципы обеспечения информационной безопасности в глобальной сети Интернет на международном уровне. Рассмотрены основные угрозы информационной безопасности в цифровом пространстве, затронут вопрос методики расследования киберпреступлений.
In the article the authors define the concept and highlight the main principles of ensuring information security in the global network of Internet at the international level; the main threats to information security in the global network of Internet are considered; the issue of cybercrime investigation methodology is touched upon.