bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prostate cancer and PSA among statin users in the Finnish prostate cancer screening trial
Authors: Murtola Teemu J. , Tammela Teuvo L.J. , Määttänen Liisa , Huhtala Heini , Platz Elizabeth A. , Ala‐Opas Martti , Stenman Ulf‐Håkan , Auvinen Anssi 
Published: January 2010

AbstractDecreased risk of advanced prostate cancer has been reported among men using statins. However, the evidence on overall prostate cancer risk is conflicting. We compared the relative risk between current users and non‐users of statins or other cholesterol‐lowering medications in a population undergoing systematical prostate cancer screening. The study cohort comprised of 23,320 men participating in the screening arm of the Finnish prostate cancer screening trial during 1996–2004. Information on medication use was obtained from a comprehensive national prescription database. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for prostate cancer. Serum prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level was compared between current users and non‐users of cholesterol‐lowering drugs. Compared with medication non‐users, the overall prostate cancer incidence was decreased among statin users [HR 0.75, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.63–0.89]. The inverse association was dose‐dependent with cumulative amount of statin use, and strongest for low‐grade and early stage tumors. The incidence was nonsignificantly lower also among users of other types of cholesterol‐lowering drugs (HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.28–1.38), but without dose‐dependence. Age‐adjusted median serum PSA tended to be lower among users of cholesterol‐lowering drugs, but the relative risk decrease among statin users was not related to decreased PSA. Overall incidence of prostate cancer was lowered among statin users when bias due to differential PSA testing between medication users and non‐users was eliminated by systematical prostate cancer screening. Cholesterol‐lowering with statins seems beneficial for prostate cancer prevention.
High gene expression of semaphorin 5A in pancreatic cancer is associated with tumor growth, invasion and metastasis
Authors: Sadanandam Anguraj , Varney Michelle L. , Singh Seema , Ashour Abdelkader E. , Moniaux Nicolas , Deb Shonali , Lele Subodh M. , Batra Surinder K. , Singh Rakesh K. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractSemaphorin 5A (SEMA5A) is an axonal regulator molecule, which belongs to the Semaphorin family of proteins. Previously, we identified SEMA5A as a putative marker for aggressive pancreatic tumors. However, the expression, localization and functional significance of SEMA5A in pancreatic tumors remain unclear. In our study, we hypothesized that SEMA5A expression modulates pancreatic tumor growth and metastasis. We analyzed the constitutive expression and localization of SEMA5A in patient pancreatic tumors (n = 33) and unmatched normal pancreatic (n = 8) tissues and human pancreatic cancer cell lines (n = 16) with different histopathological characteristics. We observed significantly higher expression of SEMA5A protein expression (p < 0.05) in human pancreatic tumor tissue samples compared to normal pancreatic tissues. Similarly, the pancreatic cancer cell lines with higher tumorigenic and metastatic potentials as xenografts in nude mice expressed higher levels of SEMA5A mRNA compared to those with lower tumorigenic and metastatic potentials. Furthermore, we examined the functional role of SEMA5A in pancreatic tumor growth and invasion. Ectopic expression of mouse full‐length Sema5A in Panc1 (SEMA5A negative) cells significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced tumorigenesis, growth and metastasis in vivo as well as proliferation, invasiveness and homotypic aggregation in vitro. Together, these data demonstrate that the expression of SEMA5A in pancreatic cancer cells regulates tumorigenesis, growth, invasion and metastasis, and it also suggests a novel target for diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Emotional availability and psychosocial correlates among mothers in substance‐abuse treatment and their young infants
Authors: Goldman Fraser Jenifer , Harris‐Britt April , Leone Thakkallapalli Erin , Kurtz‐Costes Beth , Martin Sandra 
Published: January 2010

AbstractEmotional availability (EA) was investigated among low‐income mothers enrolled in substance‐abuse treatment and their young infants (n= 21) compared with a demographically matched group of mother–infant pairs who, by self‐report, were not at risk for substance abuse (n= 27). The mother–infant dyads in the treatment group generally demonstrated poorer EA functioning than those in the comparison group, but few differences between the groups on individual dimensions of EA were significant. This finding was notable considering that mothers in treatment reported significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms and psychological stress. Treatment effects may have buffered the negative impact of depression and psychological stress on mothers' EA scores. The clinical implications of the findings are discussed as they relate to substance‐abuse‐treatment services for pregnant and parenting women.
Maternal factors and experiences associated with observed parenting behavior in mothers attending a residential parenting program
Authors: Treyvaud Karli , Rogers Susan , Matthews Jan , Allen Beverley 
Published: January 2010

AbstractParents experiencing early parenting difficulties often seek support through parenting programs. Characteristics of mothers seeking parenting support and information at an early parenting center in Victoria, Australia and the relationships between these factors and parenting behavior were explored using an observational measure of parent–child interaction. Participants were 43 mothers and children attending a 5‐day residential parenting program at the Queen Elizabeth Centre. Maternal and sociodemographic data as well as an observational mother–child interaction task from the Nursing Child Assessment Satellite Training Parent Child Interaction Teaching scale were completed and scored on the first day of the program. Certain maternal factors and experiences were associated with observed parenting behavior. Poorer maternal sleeping quality, unplanned pregnancy and preterm birth were all associated with less optimal parenting behavior in certain domains. Findings are discussed with reference to the impact of past experiences around pregnancy and birth as well as the current context and well‐being of mothers attending early parenting centers.
Cancer during pregnancy: Two case studies
Authors: Schmitt Florence , Jyrkkiö Sirkku , Tamminen Tuula , Piha Jorma 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWhen a pregnant woman develops cancer, death and life are competing in her body and in her mind. In this article, two cases of pregnant cancer patients are described. The pregnant women were accompanied through their journey toward delivery and during the first months with their newborn. The process of being in intensive cancer treatment during pregnancy, of giving birth, and of building an early relationship with the infant is explored.
Maternal and child characteristics as antecedents of maternal mind‐mindedness
Authors: Demers Isabelle , Bernier Annie , Tarabulsy George M. , Provost Marc A. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis article compares an expanded descriptive measure of maternal mind‐mindedness to the original measure. We included assessments of the valence and richness of descriptions given by 106 mothers when asked to talk about their 18‐month‐old child (55 boys), in addition to assessing the proportion of mind‐related descriptors. Contrary to previous findings, the proportion of mental descriptors was not associated with maternal sensitivity. However, the expanded measure revealed a significant positive link between positive mind‐mindedness and maternal sensitivity, and between richness of the description and maternal sensitivity. We then investigated predictors of positive maternal mind‐mindedness. Maternal state of mind regarding past attachment experiences, psychological adjustment, and perception of the child's temperament were considered. The findings revealed that attachment state of mind and parenting stress constitute independent predictors of positive mind‐mindedness. These findings suggest that mind‐mindedness is associated not only with parental state of mind but also to current factors related to parenthood.
Structural aspects of trans‐translation
Authors: Shpanchenko Olga V. , Golovin Andrey V. , Bugaeva Elizaveta Y. , Isaksson Leif A. , Dontsova Olga A. 
Published: January 2010

Abstracttrans‐Translation is a process which the bacterial cells apply to rescue the ribosomes that are arrested during the translation of damaged mRNA and to get rid of the mRNA and the product polypeptide. In the course of trans‐translation, the mRNA‐like domain of tmRNA replaces the nonstop messenger RNA bound to the ribosome. Although several structural elements of tmRNA and SmpB known to be essential for correct determination of resume codon, the molecular mechanism of trans‐translation is not well understood. Computer modeling has been used to develop a model for the spatial organization of the tmRNA inside the ribosome at different stages of trans‐translation leading to a proposal for the mechanism of the template‐switching process. © 2010 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 62(2): 120–124, 2010
Role of Krüppel‐like factor 4 in phenotypic switching and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Zheng Bin , Han Mei , Wen Jin‐Kun 
Published: January 2010

AbstractPhenotypic switching and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are critical components in the development of many vascular proliferation diseases such as atherosclerosis and restenosis after percutaneous coronary interventions. Krüppel‐like factor 4 (KLF4) has been shown to play a key role in VSMC proliferation and differentiation. The focus of this review is to provide an overview for understanding the physiological and pathobiological roles of KLF4 in phenotypic switching and proliferation of VSMCs. © 2010 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 62(2): 132–139, 2010
Rare genetic causes of autosomal dominant or recessive hypercholesterolaemia
Authors: Soutar Anne K. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractFamilial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a human inherited disorder of metabolism characterised by increased serum low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. It is caused by defects in the LDL‐receptor pathway that impair normal uptake and clearance of LDL by the liver. The commonest cause of FH is mutations in LDLR, the gene for the LDL receptor, but defects also occur in APOB that encodes its major protein ligand. More recently, defects in two other genes, LDLRAP1 and PCSK9, have been found in patients with FH and investigation of these has shed new light on the functioning and complexity of the LDL receptor pathway. Cells from patients with autosomal recessive hypercholesterolaemia (ARH) fail to internalise the LDL receptor because they carry two defective alleles of LDLRAP1, a gene that encodes a specific clathrin adaptor protein. PCSK9 encodes proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9, a secreted protein that binds to the LDL receptor and promotes its degradation. Gain‐of function mutations in PCSK9 are autosomal dominant and cause hypercholesterolaemia because they increase the affinity of PCSK9 protein for the LDL receptor, whereas loss‐of‐function mutations reduce serum cholesterol because LDL‐receptor protein is exposed to reduced PCSK9‐mediated degradation. Thus, PCSK9 has become a new target for cholesterol‐lowering drug therapy. © 2010 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 62(2): 125–131, 2010
Regulation of valvular interstitial cell calcification by adhesive peptide sequences
Authors: Gu Xiaoxiao , Masters Kristyn S. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractKnowledge of how valvular interstitial cells (VICs) interact with the extracellular matrix (ECM) would aid in not only better understanding the etiology of valvular disease but also constructing appropriate environments for valve tissue engineering. In this work, the calcification of VICs cultured on ECM coatings (fibronectin, fibrin, collagen, and laminin) or ECM‐derived peptide sequences (RGDS, YIGSR, and DGEA) was quantified via several techniques. Neutralizing antibodies to specific adhesion receptors were also applied, followed by quantification of phenotypic markers related to valve calcification. The calcification of VICs varied with the ECM component or peptide that was presented on the culture substrate. VICs calcified the most on RGDS and least on YIGSR and DGEA, while blocking specific receptors revealed that disruption of VIC binding via the α5β1 integrin or the 67‐kDa laminin receptor had a dramatic calcification‐stimulating effect. Binding via the α2β1 integrin did not alter calcification or VIC phenotype. These findings were translated to 3D peptide‐modified scaffold environments that demonstrated varying levels of disease expression by VICs. Thus, specific adhesion receptors play a significant role in mediating the interactions between VICs and ECM that lead to calcification, which provides important information regarding the mechanisms of valvular disease and scaffold design for valve tissue engineering. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2010
Phase stability and mechanical properties of rhenium borides by first‐principles calculations
Authors: Zhao Erjun , Wang Jinping , Meng Jian , Wu Zhijian 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe phase stability and elastic properties of ReB system were systematically investigated by use of the density functional theory. The formation enthalpies are negative for Re3B, Re7B3, Re2B, ReB, Re2B3, and ReB2, indicating that they are thermodynamically stable. Re7B3, Re2B, ReB, Re2B3, and ReB2 are mechanically stable. Combining the study of enthalpy and pressure relationship with the convex hull, it was found that the ground state phases are Re3B, Re7B3, and ReB2 at zero pressure, in agreement with the experimental observations. At the pressure of 90 GPa, Re3B, and ReB2 are the most stable phases. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 2010
Expression of methylation pathway enzymes in bovine oocytes and preimplantation embryos
Authors: Ikeda Shuntaro , Namekawa Takahiro , Sugimoto Miki , Kume Shin‐ichi 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe methylation pathway, which consists of two metabolic cycles of nutrients, i.e., the methionine and folate cycles, generates S‐adenosylmethionine, the methyl donor for the methylation of DNA and histones. Using reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction, we examined the gene expression patterns of the methylation pathway enzymes during bovine oocyte maturation and preimplantation embryonic development up to the blastocyst stage. Bovine oocytes were demonstrated to have the mRNA of all methylation pathway enzymes examined, namely, methionine adenosyltransferase 1A (MAT1A), MAT2A, MAT2B, S‐adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (AHCY), 5‐methyltetrahydrofolate‐homocysteine methyltransferase (MTR), betaine‐homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT), serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1 (SHMT1), SHMT2, and 5,10‐methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR). All the transcripts were consistently expressed throughout all developmental stages, except for MAT1A, which was not detected from the 8‐cell stage onward and BHMT, which was not detected in the 8‐cell stage. Immunofluorescence analysis of MAT1A protein revealed the relatively higher expression in oocytes and early cleavage stage embryos up to the 8‐cell stage compared with the morula and blastocyst stage. Further, to investigate the effects of methylation pathway disruption during the earliest stages of embryonic development, the effects of exogenous homocysteine on preimplantation development and DNA methylation of bovine embryos were investigated in vitro. As results, high concentrations of homocysteine induced hypermethylation of genomic DNA as well as developmental retardation in bovine embryos. These results provide a new insight into nutrient‐sensitive epigenetic regulation and perturbation at the earliest stage of our life. J. Exp. Zool. 313A:129–136, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synergistic effect of vascular endothelial growth factor and granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor double gene therapy in mouse limb ischemia
Authors: Sacramento Chester Bittencourt , da Silva Flavia Helena , Nardi Nance Beyer , Yasumura Eduardo Gallatti , Baptista‐Silva José Carlos Costa , Beutel Abram , de Campos Ruy Ribeiro , de Moraes Jane Zveiter , Junior Hamilton Silva , Samoto Vivian Yochiko , Borojevic Radovan , Han Sang Won 
Published: January 2010

AbstractBackgroundVascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has mostly been tested to treat ischemic diseases, although the outcomes obtained are not satisfactory. Our hypothesis is that the local transient expression of VEGF and stem cell mobilizer granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) genes in ischemic limbs can complement their activities and be more efficient for limb recovery.MethodsLimb ischemia was surgically induced in mice and 50 µg of VEGF and/or G‐CSF genes were locally transferred by electroporation. After 3–4 weeks, evidence of necrosis by visual inspection, capillary density, muscle mass, muscle force and hematopoietic cell mobilization were evaluated.ResultsAfter 4 weeks, 70% and 90% of the animals of the ischemic group (IG) and VEGF‐treated group (VG), respectively, presented limb necrosis, in contrast to only 10% observed in the group of mice treated with both VEGF and G‐CSF genes (VGG). Recovery of muscle mass and muscle force was higher than 60% in the VGG compared to the non‐ischemic group. The mobilization of Sca1+ cells and neutrophils was also higher in the VGG, which may explain the lower level of necrosis observed in this group (22%, in contrast to 70% in the IG). Capillary density and degree of fibrosis were determined in weeks 3 and 4, and also showed a clear benefit as a result of the use of the G‐CSF and VEGF genes together.ConclusionsGene therapy using VEGF and G‐CSF demonstrated a synergistic effect promoting vessel and tissue repair in mouse hind limb ischemia. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Merton as Harvard sociologist: Engagement, thematic continuities, and institutional linkages
Authors: Nichols Lawrence T. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn this paper I explore the significance of the initial decade of Robert K. Merton's graduate and professional career, from 1931, when he entered the new doctoral program in sociology at Harvard, until 1939, when he joined the Department of Sociology at Tulane University as an associate professor and acting chairperson. Drawing on archival sources, as well as the professional literature, I examine how Merton engaged the exceptionally rich, interdisciplinary context of Harvard in the 1930s, including both interpersonal networks and diverse intellectual perspectives. In particular, I identify connections between Merton's early writing, “oral publications” and teaching, and three locally developed and dominant paradigms of sociology. Following an assessment of the influence of Merton's works published from 1934 to 1939, I trace continuities between Merton's achievements at Harvard and his subsequent teaching and research at Tulane and Columbia. I conclude that a fuller appreciation of Merton's “less noticed” decade in Cambridge is indispensable for understanding his overall career, and that it clarifies linkages across sociological work at three universities in the mid‐twentieth century. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A new method for solving non‐linear carrier diffusion equation in axial direction of broad‐area lasers
Authors: Szymański Michał 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe solution of non‐linear carrier diffusion equation associated with the axial direction of broad‐area laser has been achieved by a hybrid asymptotic‐numerical method that combines WKB approximation and the variation of constants method. The non‐linearity has been taken into account by using an iterative scheme: carrier lifetime has been linearized and calculated as a function of carrier density known from the previous iteration. Non‐uniform photon density has been taken into account. As the new method is based on analytical solutions, it is very fast and not vulnerable to large gradients of carrier concentration usually occurring in the vicinity of laser facets. Therefore, it can be useful in complicated self‐consistent thermal models of broad‐area lasers. The obtained results are compared with two simplified cases: solution of linear diffusion equation with constant coefficients and calculations neglecting the diffusion. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Capacitive model for integrated PN varactors of cells with N+buried layer
Authors: Marrero‐Martín M. , García J. , González B. , Hernández A. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis paper is devoted to analyzing varactors based on PN junction cells in order to obtain a capacitance model for radiofrequency (RF) applications. A cell is the minimum structure that can be considered a varactor, including all necessary layers and connections. Then, a specific capacitance for a RF integrated circuit is obtained overlapping all necessary cells horizontally and vertically. Our model estimates the total capacitance in a varactor, from both ports, considering all relevant internal contributions. Ten varactors based on the same cell have been designed and fabricated in 0.35 µm SiGe technology. These novel structures were also measured on‐wafer for frequencies ranging between 0.5 and 10 GHz, and voltages varying from 0 to −5 V. Our model predicts the capacitances in all cases with relative errors smaller than 10%. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification and preliminary characterization of ubiquitin C terminal hydrolase 1 (UCHL1) as a biomarker of neuronal loss in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Lewis Stephen B. , Wolper Regina , Chi Yueh‐Yun , Miralia Lynn , Wang Yong , Yang Cui , Shaw Gerry 
Published: January 2010

AbstractBy using two different approaches, ubiquitin C‐terminal hydrolase 1 (UCHL1) was identified as a potential cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker of neuronal loss in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (ASAH) and presumably other CNS damage and disease states. Appropriate antibodies and a sensitive ELISA were generated, and the release of UCHL1 into CSF was compared with that of pNF‐H and S100β in a cohort of 30 ASAH patients. Both UCHL1 and pNF‐H showed persistent release into CSF in almost all patients in the second week postaneurysmal rupture (AR), and S100β levels rapidly declined to baseline levels in 23 of 30 patients. Seven of thirty patients showed persistently elevated S100β levels over the first 5 days post‐AR and also had relatively higher levels of pNF‐H and UCHL1 higher compared with the rest. These patients proved to have very poor outcomes, with 6 of 7 expiring. Patients who did reduce S100β levels tended to have a better outcome if pNF‐H and UCHL1 levels were also lower, and elevated UCHL1 levels in the second week post‐AR were particularly predictive of poor outcome. Acute coordinated releases of large amounts of UCHL1, pNF‐H, and S100β in 16 of 30 patients were observed, suggesting sudden loss of brain tissues associated with secondary events. We conclude that measurement of the CSF levels of these proteins reveals details of ASAH progression and recovery and predicts patient outcome. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.