bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A primitive sauropodomorph from the upper Elliot Formation of Lesotho
Authors: KNOLL F. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA well-preserved, articulated dinosaur skeleton from southern Africa is described. The specimen comes from the upper Elliot Formation (?Hettangian) of Ha Ralekoala (Lesotho) and represents a new species:Ignavusaurus rachelisgenus et species nova. A cladistic analysis suggests thatIgnavusaurusis more derived thanThecodontosaurus–Pantydraco, but more primitive thanEfraasia.Ignavusaurusindeed shares a number of unambiguous synapomorphies with the taxa more derived thanThecodontosaurus–Pantydraco, such as a fully open acetabulum, but it is more plesiomorphic thanEfraasiaand more derived sauropodomorphs as shown by the evidence of, for instance, the distal extremity of its tibia that is is longer (cranio-caudally) than wide (latero-medially). The discovery ofIgnavusaurusincreases the known diversity of the early sauropodomorph fauna of the upper Elliot Formation, which stands as one of the richest horizons in the world in this respect.
Memory and strategic processing in first-degree relatives of obsessive compulsive patients
Authors: Segalàs C. , Alonso P. , Real E. , Garcia A. , Miñambres A. , Labad J. , Pertusa A. , Bueno B. , Jiménez-Murcia S. , Menchón J. M. 
Published: March 2010

BackgroundThe same executive dysfunctions and alterations in neuroimaging tests (both functional and structural) have been found in obsessive-compulsive patients and their first-degree relatives. These neurobiological findings are considered to be intermediate markers of the disease. The aim of our study was to assess verbal and non-verbal memory in unaffected first-degree relatives, in order to determine whether these neuropsychological functions constitute a new cognitive marker for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).MethodRecall and use of organizational strategies in verbal and non-verbal memory tasks were measured in 25 obsessive-compulsive patients, 25 unaffected first-degree relatives and 25 healthy volunteers.ResultsFirst-degree relatives and healthy volunteers did not show differences on most measures of verbal memory. However, during the recall and processing of non-verbal information, deficits were found in first-degree relatives and patients compared with healthy volunteers.ConclusionsThe presence of the same deficits in the execution of non-verbal memory tasks in OCD patients and unaffected first-degree relatives suggests the influence of certain genetic and/or familial factors on this cognitive function in OCD and supports the hypothesis that deficits in non-verbal memory tasks could be considered as cognitive markers of the disorder.
Reducibility for a class of nonlinear quasi-periodic differential equations with degenerate equilibrium point under small perturbation
Authors: XU JUNXIANG , JIANG SHUNJUN 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn this paper, using the Kolmogorov–Arnold–Moser method we prove reducibility of a class of nonlinear quasi-periodic differential equation with degenerate equilibrium point under small perturbation and obtain a quasi-periodic solution near the equilibrium point.
Phonological development of word-initial Korean obstruents in young Korean children
Authors: KIM MINJUNG , STOEL-GAMMON CAROL 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the acquisition of word-initial Korean obstruents (i.e. stops, affricates and fricatives). Korean obstruents are characterized by a three-way contrast among stops and affricates (i.e. fortis, aspirated and lenis) and a two-way fricative contrast (i.e. fortis and lenis). All these obstruents are voiceless word-initially. Cross-sectional data were collected from forty Korean children aged 2 ; 6 (year;month), 3 ; 0, 3 ; 6 and 4 ; 0, and the acquisition patterns of Korean obstruents were explored based on productions of mono- and multisyllabic words. Results confirm the universal patterns: stops were acquired before affricates and fricatives. In terms of order of acquisition across different laryngeal types, lenis stops were the last to be acquired. For Korean fricatives, in contrast, the lenis category appears to be acquired earlier than the fortis category. This study proposes that this order of acquisition may be explained by articulatory complexity associated with language-specific phonetic properties.
Committee of Visitors Advises NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
Authors: Fine Rana , Beardsley Robert , Bontempi Paula , Campbell Janet , Chotiros Nick , Klein Emily , North Elizabeth , Olsen Curtis , Robles Carlos , Seyfried William , Thomas Debbie 
Published: March 2010

The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) relies on external Committees of Visitors (COV) convened every 3 years to assess the quality and integrity of program operations and program‐level technical and managerial matters pertaining to proposal decisions. Members of COVs are chosen by program officers and division directors to represent scientific diversity, in terms of disciplines, institutions, and potential principal investigators (PIs).One such COV recently assessed NSF's Ocean Sciences (OCE) division. The COV for OCE found that the science receiving funding is highly relevant to the overarching objectives of NSF and that the OCE peer‐review process is robust. Further, the COV found that program officers—NSF staff who manage programs in ocean sciences and administer proposals and grants—are conscientious and are funding projects of top quality that are well balanced across a broad spectrum.
Circadian Preference and Sexual Selection: A Novel Evolutionary Approach
Authors: Piffer Davide 
Published: March 2010

AbstractHuman sleep patterns differ across age groups and between males and females, and their association with age and gender suggest that they might have been the target of sexual selection during human evolutionary history. In this study, I will test the hypothesis that a phase-delayed circadian phase is a sexually selected trait in humans. A short version of the Horne and Ostberg questionnaire and a questionnaire on sexual behaviour were administered to 134 males and 140 females. A significant negative relationship was found between the MEQ score and the number of sexual partners among males, with evening types reporting more sexual partners than morning types. No significant relationship between females MEQ and number of sexual partners was found. Findings support the hypothesis that evening preference in males is a sexually selected trait.
Working With English Language Learners in Preschool Settings
Authors: Moxley Andrea “Deedee” 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Nearly one out of every five children speaks a language other than English in the home. It is difficult to determine language difference versus disorder. Speech-language pathologists who serve preschool-aged children are being asked to serve typically developing second language learners and work without the assistance of an interpreter/translator. It is important to be familiar with legislation, ASHA policy, and research to provide culturally and linguistically appropriate services.
Outcomes in Mild to Moderately-Severe Hearing Impairment in Children: Recent Research Findings and Clinical Applications
Authors: Hoover Brenda M. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWork at Boys Town National Research Hospital, in both the Hearing and Amplification Research Laboratory and the Infant Development Laboratory, has focused on the optimization of amplification for infants and young children for many years. In this paper we review recent work, including outcomes in a five-year longitudinal study of children with early-identified hearing loss compared to normal-hearing peers. Findings in studies of hearing-aid bandwidth and noise-reduction strategies also are reviewed, and clinical implications are discussed.
Music Perception in Children With Cochlear Implants
Authors: Scattergood Lindsay , Limb Charles J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAs a result of the widespread use of cochlear implants, individuals with profound hearing loss now are able to hear sounds ranging from a syllable to a symphony. This form of “electric hearing” has been remarkably successful in providing sound to the deaf population and at least 100,000 implantation procedures have been performed worldwide in more than 80 countries (Clark, 2008). Today, it is routine for post-lingual deafened individuals (one who lost their hearing after normal childhood language acquisition) to achieve high performance on language tests following implantation (Lalwani, Larky, Wareing, Kwast, & Schindler, 1998). Deaf children implanted at an early age with a CI usually develop excellent spoken language skills, with placement into mainstream educational schooling (Francis, Koch, Wyatt, & Niparko, 1999). The overwhelming emphasis on language perception in CI users has led to relative neglect of non-linguistic sound perception. Yet, the auditory world consists of many other sounds besides those of spoken language. Of all non-linguistic sounds, perception of music—particularly pitch and timbre—represents the greatest challenge for implant-mediated listening (Limb, 2006). High-level perception of music rarely is attained through conventional speech processing technology in adults or children. Recent technological advances, however, have increased the processing capabilities of modern CIs and hold great promise for music perception and quality of life for children with cochlear implants (Lassaletta et al., 2007).
Making the Move to Private Practice: Using Your Sense To Make Cents
Authors: Nikjeh Dee Adams , Carroll Linda M. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Making the move to private practice can be an exciting and challenging proposition. There are many practical, professional, and personnel issues to consider. This tutorial provides practical suggestions for transitioning into a private practice including considerations for referral base, office space, personnel, and practice management. In addition, two major health-care coding systems are described, and the relationship of these systems to clinical documentation (Medicare Physician Fee Schedule and equitable reimbursement) is explained. Information about the use of coding edits and coding modifiers is provided. Also included in this tutorial is a brief discussion of the impact that Public Law 110-275: Medicare Improvements for Patients and Providers Act of 2008 has had on the valuation of speech-language pathology procedure codes, particularly for assessment and treatment of individuals with voice disorders.
Pulsar Timing with the Parkes Radio Telescope for the Fermi Mission
Authors: Weltevrede P. , Johnston S. , Manchester R. N. , Bhat R. , Burgay M. , Champion D. , Hobbs G. B. , Kızıltan B. , Keith M. , Possenti A. , Reynolds J. E. , Watters K. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe report here on two years of timing of 168 pulsars using the Parkes radio telescope. The vast majority of these pulsars have spin-down luminosities in excess of 1034 erg s−1 and are prime target candidates to be detected in gamma-rays by the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope. We provide the ephemerides for the ten pulsars being timed at Parkes which have been detected by Fermi in its first year of operation. These ephemerides, in conjunction with the publicly available photonlist, can be used to generate gamma-ray profiles from the Fermi archive. We will make the ephemerides of any pulsars of interest available to the community upon request. In addition to the timing ephemerides, we present the parameters for 14 glitches which have occurred in 13 pulsars, seven of which have no previously known glitch history.The Parkes timing programme, in conjunction with Fermi observations, is expected to continue for at least the next four years.
A Pair of Little Gilded Shoes: Commission, Cost, and Meaning in Renaissance Footwear*
Authors: O'Malley Michelle 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis article focuses on women's luxury footwear to examine issues of economic, material, and familial life in Renaissance Italy. It uses graphic work by Albrecht Dürer to explore footwear design, and draws from disparate sources to propose a new method for evaluating its cost. The article argues that sumptuous footwear was available for a range of prices that are not reflected in surviving payment records, and that it was largely less expensive than moralists and legislators implied. In conclusion, it employs Minerbetti documentation to consider the role particular shoes may have played in developing personal subjectivity.
United States Farm Commodity Programs and Land Use
Authors: Gardner Bruce , Hardie Ian , Parks Peter J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe estimate the impact of government payments on United States land use, using county‐level data from the National Resources Inventory and the Census of Agriculture in 1987, 1992, and 1997. Although payments were made under decoupled support programs, effects on land use are found to be significant. On average for the years studied, our simulations indicate that United States cropland acreage would have been 89 million acres (22%) less if program payments had been reduced to half their observed level (holding market prices of commodities constant). Percentage reductions are largest in marginal crop producing areas of the nation.
Genome-wide synteny through highly sensitive sequence alignment: Satsuma
Authors: Grabherr Manfred G. , Russell Pamela , Meyer Miriah , Mauceli Evan , Alföldi Jessica , Di Palma Federica , Lindblad-Toh Kerstin 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Motivation: Comparative genomics heavily relies on alignments of large and often complex DNA sequences. From an engineering perspective, the problem here is to provide maximum sensitivity (to find all there is to find), specificity (to only find real homology) and speed (to accommodate the billions of base pairs of vertebrate genomes).
Results: Satsuma addresses all three issues through novel strategies: (i) cross-correlation, implemented via fast Fourier transform; (ii) a match scoring scheme that eliminates almost all false hits; and (iii) an asynchronous ‘battleship’-like search that allows for aligning two entire fish genomes (470 and 217 Mb) in 120 CPU hours using 15 processors on a single machine.
Availability: Satsuma is part of the Spines software package, implemented in C++ on Linux. The latest version of Spines can be freely downloaded under the LGPL license from http://www.broadinstitute.org/science/programs/genome-biology/spines/
Contact: grabherr@broadinstitute.org
TheArabidopsis thaliana Myo-Inositol 1-Phosphate Synthase1 Gene Is Required forMyo-inositol Synthesis and Suppression of Cell Death
Authors: Donahue Janet L. , Alford Shannon R. , Torabinejad Javad , Kerwin Rachel E. , Nourbakhsh Aida , Ray W. Keith , Hernick Marcy , Huang Xinyi , Lyons Blair M. , Hein Pyae P. , Gillaspy Glenda E. 
Published: March 2010

Abstractl-myo-inositol 1-phosphate synthase (MIPS; EC 5.5.1.4) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of myo-inositol, a critical compound in the cell. Plants contain multiple MIPS genes, which encode highly similar enzymes. We characterized the expression patterns of the three MIPS genes in Arabidopsis thaliana and found that MIPS1 is expressed in most cell types and developmental stages, while MIPS2 and MIPS3 are mainly restricted to vascular or related tissues. MIPS1, but not MIPS2 or MIPS3, is required for seed development, for physiological responses to salt and abscisic acid, and to suppress cell death. Specifically, a loss in MIPS1 resulted in smaller plants with curly leaves and spontaneous production of lesions. The mips1 mutants have lower myo-inositol, ascorbic acid, and phosphatidylinositol levels, while basal levels of inositol (1,4,5)P3 are not altered in mips1 mutants. Furthermore, mips1 mutants exhibited elevated levels of ceramides, sphingolipid precursors associated with cell death, and were complemented by a MIPS1-green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion construct. MIPS1-, MIPS2-, and MIPS3-GFP each localized to the cytoplasm. Thus, MIPS1 has a significant impact on myo-inositol levels that is critical for maintaining levels of ascorbic acid, phosphatidylinositol, and ceramides that regulate growth, development, and cell death.
Measurements in the Addictions for Triage and Evaluation (MATE): an instrument based on the World Health Organization family of international classifications
Authors: Schippers Gerard M. , Broekman Theo G. , Buchholz Angela , Koeter Maarten W.J. , Van Den Brink Wim 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTAims  To present and evaluate a measurement tool for assessing characteristics of people with drug and/or alcohol problems for triage and evaluation in treatment. Measurements in the Addictions for Triage and Evaluation (MATE) is composed of 10 modules, selected on the basis of a detailed set of specifications. Conceptually, the MATE was constructed according to the ICD and International Classification of Functioning (ICF) in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification system. Two of the ICF‐related modules were newly designed.Design  Monitoring feasibility and field‐testing in a treatment‐seeking population with researcher and clinician‐administered test–retest interviews, construct validation with related instruments and evaluation of the dimensional structure of the ICF‐related modules.Setting  The research was conducted in a large, regional substance abuse treatment centre in the Netherlands and at the Municipal Health Service of Amsterdam.Participants  A total of 945 treatment‐seeking patients were recruited during routine intakes, 159 of whom were interviewed twice; 32 problem drug users were also recruited from the Amsterdam cohort studies among problem drug users.Findings  Completion time was reasonably short, and there were relatively few missing data. The factor structure of the ICF‐related modules revealed a three‐factor model with an acceptable fit. Inter‐rater reliability ranged between 0.75 and 0.92 and was satisfactory, but interviewer reliability ranged between 0.34 and 0.73, indicating that some of subscales need to be improved. Concurrent validity was indicated by significant correlations (>0.50) between the ICF‐related modules and the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHODAS II) and WHO Quality of Life brief version (WHOQOL‐BREF).Conclusions  The MATE can be used to allocate patients to substance abuse treatment. Because it is a comprehensive but flexible measurement tool that is also practical to use, the MATE is well suited for use in a heterogeneous population.
Mindfulness‐based treatments for co‐occurring depression and substance use disorders: what can we learn from the brain?
Authors: Brewer Judson A. , Bowen Sarah , Smith Joseph T. , Marlatt G. Alan , Potenza Marc N. 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTBoth depression and substance use disorders represent major global public health concerns and are often co‐occurring. Although there are ongoing discoveries regarding the pathophysiology and treatment of each condition, common mechanisms and effective treatments for co‐occurring depression and substance abuse remain elusive. Mindfulness training has been shown recently to benefit both depression and substance use disorders, suggesting that this approach may target common behavioral and neurobiological processes. However, it remains unclear whether these pathways constitute specific shared neurobiological mechanisms or more extensive components universal to the broader human experience of psychological distress or suffering. We offer a theoretical, clinical and neurobiological perspective of the overlaps between these disorders, highlight common neural pathways that play a role in depression and substance use disorders and discuss how these commonalities may frame our conceptualization and treatment of co‐occurring disorders. Finally, we discuss how advances in our understanding of potential mechanisms of mindfulness training may offer not only unique effects on depression and substance use, but also offer promise for treatment of co‐occurring disorders.
Response to first‐line antiretroviral treatment among human immunodeficiency virus‐infected patients with and without a history of injecting drug use in Indonesia
Authors: Wisaksana Rudi , Indrati Agnes K. , Fibriani Azzania , Rogayah Ega , Sudjana Primal , Djajakusumah Tony S. , Sumantri Rachmat , Alisjahbana Bachti , Van Der Ven Andre , Van Crevel Reinout 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTBackground There is a common belief that injecting drug use (IDU) is associated with lower uptake, retention and success of antiretroviral treatment (ART) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected patients. We examined this in an Indonesian setting, where IDU is the main risk factor for HIV infection.Methods Patient characteristics and response to ART were recorded for all patients diagnosed with HIV infection in the referral hospital for West Java (40 million people). Kaplan–Meier estimates and Cox's regression were used to compare mortality, loss to follow‐up and virological failure between patients with and without a history of IDU.Result A total of 773 adult HIV patients (81.9% IDUs) presented between January 1996 and April 2008. IDUs had a median CD4 cell count of 33 [interquartile ratio (IQR), 12–111] cells/mm3 compared to 84 (IQR, 28–224) cells/mm3 in non‐IDUs. Among patients with a history of IDU, 87.7% were coinfected with hepatitis C (HCV). Mortality was associated strongly with CD4 count; after 6 months of ART, 18.3, 20.3, 7.1 and 0.7% of patients with CD4 cell counts <25, 25–99, 100–199, respectively, ≥200/mm3 had died (P < 0.0001). Mortality [adjusted for CD4; hazard ratio (HR) = 0.65; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.35–1.23], loss to follow‐up (HR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.51–1.41) and virological failure (HR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.19–1.13) were not significantly different in IDUs and non‐IDUs.Conclusion Intravenous drug users (IDUs) in Indonesia with HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome tend to have more advanced disease but respond similarly to non‐IDUs to antiretroviral therapy.
University of Michigan Addiction Research Center (UMARC): development, evolution, and direction
Authors: Zucker Robert A. 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTA historical summary is provided of the evolution of the University of Michigan Addiction Research Center (UMARC) since its origins in 1988. Begun as an National Institutes of Health (NIH) research center within a Department of Psychiatry and focused solely upon alcohol and aging, early work emphasized treatment efficacy, differential outcome studies and characterization of the neurophysiological and behavioral manifestations of chronic alcoholism. Over the last 15 years, UMARC has extended its research focus along a number of dimensions: its developmental reach has been extended etiologically by studies of risk early in the life span, and by way of work on earlier screening and the development of early, brief treatment interventions. The addiction focus has expanded to include other drugs of abuse. Levels of analysis have also broadened, with work on the molecular genetics and brain neurophysiology underlying addictive processes, on one hand, and examination of the role of the social environment in long‐term course of disorder on the other hand. Activities have been facilitated by several research training programs and by collaborative relationships with other universities around the United States and in Poland. Since 2002, a program for research infrastructure development and collaboration has been ongoing, initially with Poland and more recently with Ukraine, Latvia and Slovakia. A blueprint for the future includes expanded characterization of the neurobiology and genetics of addictive processes, the developmental environment, as well as programmatic work to address the public health implications of our ability to identify risk for disorder very early in life.