bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Porous Polypyrrolidines for Highly Efficient Recovery of Precious Metals through Reductive Adsorption Mechanism
Authors: Shi Jing , Peng Shan‐Qing , Kuang Boya , Wang Shuifeng , Liu Yan , Zhou Jin‐Xiu , Li Xiaodong , Huang Mu‐Hua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe recycling and utilization of precious metals have emerged as a critical research focus in advancing the development of the circular economy. Among numerous methods for recovering precious metals such as gold, adsorbents with both high adsorption selectivity and capacity have become key technologies. This article incorporated the N‐phenylpyrrolidine into a flexible porous polynorbornene backbone to create a class of distinctive porous organic polymers, named BIT‐POP‐14–BIT‐POP‐17. Through a reductive capture mechanism, the reductive adsorption sites of N‐phenylpyrrolidine coordinate selectively with precious metals, the reduced metal is captured by the hierarchically porous polymers with flexible backbone. This approach leads to remarkable gold recovery efficiency, achieving a record of 2321 mg g−1 at ambient conditions, and 3020 mg g−1 under UV light, surpassing the theoretical limit. The porous polymers are filled in a column for a continuous uptake of gold from waste printed circuit boards (PCBs), showing recovery efficiency toward gold as high as 95% after 84 h. Overall, this work offers a new perspective on designing novel adsorbents for precious metal recovery, providing inspiration for researchers to explore novel adsorption modes and contribute to the advancement of the circular economy.
Ultrafast Photoexcitation Induced Passivation for Quasi‐2D Perovskite Photodetectors
Authors: Yue Yunfan , Chai NianYao , Li Mingyu , Zeng Zhongle , Li Sheng , Chen Xiangyu , Zhou Jiakang , Wang Huan , Wang Xuewen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractQuasi‐2D perovskites exhibit great potential in photodetectors due to their exceptional optoelectronic responsivity and stability, compared to their 3D counterparts. However, the defects are detrimental to the responsivity, response speed, and stability of perovskite photodetectors. Herein, an ultrafast photoexcitation‐induced passivation technique is proposed to synergistically reduce the dimensionality at the surface and induce oxygen doping in the bulk, via tuning the photoexcitation intensity. At the optimal photoexcitation level, the excited electrons and holes generate stretching force on the Pb─I bonds at the interlayered [PbI6]−, resulting in low dimensional perovskite formation, and the absorptive oxygen is combined with I vacancies at the same time. These two induced processes synergistically boost the carrier transport and interface contact performance. The most outstanding device exhibits a fast response speed with rise/decay time of 201/627 ns, with a peak responsivity/detectivity of 163 mA W−1/4.52 × 1010 Jones at 325 nm and the enhanced cycling stability. This work suggests the possibility of a new passivation technique for high performance 2D perovskite optoelectronics.
Direct Evidence of Ultrafast Energy Delocalization Between Optically Hybridized J‐Aggregates in a Strongly Coupled Microcavity
Authors: Russo Mattia , Georgiou Kyriacos , Genco Armando , De Liberato Simone , Cerullo Giulio , Lidzey David G. , Othonos Andreas , Maiuri Margherita , Virgili Tersilla 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStrong coupling between light and matter in a microcavity can produce quasi‐particle states termed cavity‐polaritons. In cavity architectures containing more than one excitonic species, the photon mode can simultaneously couple to the different excitons, generating new ʻhybrid‐polaritonʼ states. It is demonstrated that such hybrid polariton states can energetically connect different molecular species, even when their intermolecular distance is much larger than the Förster transfer radius. Here, this mechanism is unveiled and observed in the time domain energy delocalization in a strongly coupled cavity containing two layers of donor and acceptor molecules, separated by an inert spacer layer of 2 µm thickness. 2D electronic spectroscopy is used, a technique that provides simultaneously high spectral and temporal resolution, to probe the dynamics of the energy flow processes following ultra‐fast excitation. It shows that energy is almost instantaneously delocalized among the polariton states, providing a direct connection between very highly separated donor and acceptor molecules. The results are of potential significance for light‐harvesting devices, optoelectronics, and bio‐photonic systems.
Controllable Regulation of Inorganic‐Layer Thickness of Polar 2D Homologue Perovskites toward Self‐Powered Polarization‐Sensitive Photodetection
Authors: Ni Huaimin , Xu Haojie , Liu Yi , Zeng Xi , Guo Wuqian , Zhu Pengfei , Zhao Zihao , Rong Hao , Luo Junhua , Sun Zhihua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPolarization‐sensitive photodetection has intensive practical applications, including optical anti‐counterfeiting, image encryption, and remote sensing. 2D hybrid perovskites have emerged as a robust candidate in this portfolio, due to their inherent quantum‐confined structure and anisotropic properties. However, studies on the chemical assembly of inorganic‐layer thickness to regulate structural anisotropy and polarization‐sensitive photodetection behavior remain insufficient. Here, the inorganic‐layer thickness of 2D homologous perovskites is regulated, (MBA)2(CH3NH3)n−1PbnI3n+1 (n = 1–3, where MBA = 4‐methylbenzylamine), featuring the similar polar structures and strong optical anisotropy. Notably, photoelectric merits are greatly improved from n = 1 to n = 3 with the weakening of the quantum confinement effect. Under illumination, the n = 3 member exhibits large on/off ratios of photocurrent (≈2.1 × 104) far beyond other lower‐layered counterparts. The polarized‐light photodetector based on n = 3 crystal shows intriguing behaviors, including noticeable responsivity (1.2 mA W−1), detectivity (9.5 × 1013 Jones), and superior photocurrent anisotropy (≈110.4). Besides, fascinating self‐powered polarization behaviors with a large anisotropy contrast are achieved based on the bulk photovoltaic effect, stemming from the structural polarity. These characteristics underscore the design strategy of inorganic‐layer regulation in advancing the exploration of new 2D perovskite candidates for polarization‐based optoelectronics.
Promoting Electrocatalytic Glycerol C─C Bond Cleavage to Formate Coupled with H2 Production Over a CuxNi2–xP Catalyst
Authors: Ma Lili , Miao Yucong , Yang Jiangrong , Fu Yu , Yan Yifan , Zhang Zhiyuan , Li Zhenhua , Shao Mingfei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic oxidation of glycerol, an oversupplied byproduct of the biodiesel industry, into high‐valued chemicals is alluring to diminishing current dependence on fossil energy. Formic acid is an important glycerol oxidation product that serves as a high‐energy‐density fuel and crucial precursor for the fine chemical industry while developing an electrocatalyst to efficiently convert glycerol into formic acid remains a challenge. Herein, a Cu‐doped nickel phosphide (CuxNi2–xP) electrocatalyst, achieving formate productivity of ≈11 mol m−2 h−1 at 1.54 V versus RHE over a broad glycerol concentration range (10–100 mm) is reported, which is greater than threefolds than that of Ni2P. Furthermore, CuxNi2–xP can enhance the cleavage of C─C bond in glycerol, reducing the production of intermediates and thus attaining high selectivity of formate. In situ experiments integrated with density functional theory (DFT) calculation revealed that the doping of Cu can promote the generation of NiIII─OOH species and enrich glycerol substrates in local environments on CuxNi2–xP surface, thus facilitating reaction efficiency. Finally, the study designed a membrane‐free flow electrolyzer for continuous upgrading glycerol to formate, attaining 16.4 mmol of formate coupled with 0.68 L of H2 at 1.75 V in 8 h.
Work‐related suicide: Evolving understandings of etiology & intervention
Authors: LaMontagne Anthony D. , Åberg Maria , Blomqvist Sandra , Glozier Nick , Greiner Birgit A. , Gullestrup Jorgen , Harvey Samuel B. , Kyron Michael J. , Madsen Ida E. H. , Hanson Linda Magnusson , Maheen Humaira , Mustard Cameron , Niedhammer Isabelle , Rugulies Reiner , Smith Peter M. , Taouk Yamna , Waters Sarah , Witt Katrina , King Tania L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPreviously published analyses of suicide case investigations suggest that work or working conditions contribute to 10%–13% of suicide deaths. Yet, the way in which work may increase suicide risk is an underdeveloped area of epidemiologic research. In this Commentary, we propose a definition of work‐related suicide from an occupational health and safety perspective, and review the case investigation‐based and epidemiologic evidence on work‐related causes of suicide. We identified six broad categories of potential work‐related causes of suicide, which are: (1) workplace chemical, physical, and psychosocial exposures; (2) exposure to trauma on the job; (3) access to means of suicide through work; (4) exposure to high‐stigma work environments; (5) exposure to normative environments promoting extreme orientation to work; and (6) adverse experiences arising from work‐related injury or illness. We summarise current evidence in a schema of potential work‐related causes that can also be applied in workplace risk assessment and suicide case investigations. There are numerous implications of these findings for policy and practice. Various principle‐ and evidence‐based workplace intervention strategies for suicide prevention exist, some of which have been shown to improve suicide‐prevention literacy, reduce stigma, enhance helping behaviours, and in some instances maybe even reduce suicide rates. Prevailing practice in workplace suicide prevention, however, overly emphasises individual‐ and illness‐directed interventions, with little attention directed to addressing the working conditions that may increase suicide risk. We conclude that a stronger emphasis on improving working conditions will be required for workplace suicide prevention to reach its full preventive potential.
Pathogenic FLNA variants affecting the hinge region of filamin A are associated with male survival
Authors: Wade Emma M. , Morgan Tim , Gimenez Gregory , Jenkins Zandra A. , Titheradge Hannah , O'Donnell Marie , Skidmore David , Suri Mohnish , Robertson Stephen P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPathogenic variants in FLNA cause a diversity of X‐linked developmental disorders associated with either preserved or diminished levels of filamin A protein and are conceptualized dichotomously as relating to underlying gain‐ or loss‐of‐function pathogenic mechanisms. Hemizygosity for germline deletions or truncating variants in FLNA is generally considered to result in embryonic lethality. Structurally, filamin A is composed of an N‐terminal actin‐binding region, followed by 24 immunoglobulin‐like repeat units. The repeat domains are separated into distinct segments by two regions of low‐complexity known as hinge‐1 and hinge‐2. Hinge‐1 is proposed to confer flexibility to the otherwise rigid protein and is a target for cleavage by calpain with the resultant filamin fragments mediating crucial cellular signaling processes. Here, three families with pathogenic variants in FLNA that impair the function of hinge‐1 in males are described, leading to distinct clinical phenotypes. One large in‐frame deletion that includes the hinge leads to frontometaphyseal dysplasia in affected males and females, while two germline truncating variants located within the exon encoding hinge 1 result in phenotypes in males that are explained by exon skipping and under‐expression of a transcript that deletes hinge‐1 from the resultant protein. These three variants affecting hinge‐1 indicate that this domain does not mediate cellular functions that, when deficientresult in embryonic lethality in males and that germline truncating variants in this region of FLNA can result in viable phenotypes in males.
Enhancing nasal endoscopy: Classification, detection, and segmentation of anatomic landmarks using a convolutional neural network
Authors: Ganeshan Vinayak , Bidwell Jonathan , Gyawali Dipesh , Nguyen Thinh S. , Morse Jonathan , Smith Madeline P. , Barton Blair M. , McCoul Edward D. 
Published: June 2024

Key points
A convolutional neural network (CNN)‐based model can accurately localize and segment turbinates in images obtained during nasal endoscopy (NE).
This model represents a starting point for algorithms that comprehensively interpret NE findings.
Transiente Strukturelle Eigenschaften des Rho‐GDP‐Dissoziationsinhibitors
Authors: Medina Gomez Sara , Visco Ilaria , Merino Felipe , Bieling Peter , Linser Rasmus 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRho‐GTPasen, räumliche Hauptregulatoren einer Vielzahl zellulärer Prozesse, werden durch Komplexbildung mit Guaninnukleotid‐Dissoziationsinhibitoren (RhoGDIs) reguliert. Man nimmt bisher an, dass diese einen unstrukturierten N‐Terminus aufweisen, der den Nukleotidaustausch ihres Klienten bei der Bindung/Faltung hemmt. Mithilfe von NMR‐Analysen, Molekulardynamiksimulationen und biochemischen Tests konnten wir stattdessen relevante strukturelle Eigenschaften des Terminus nachweisen, die sowohl in Anwesenheit als auch in Abwesenheit des Klienten transient existieren, allerdings kontextspezifisch variiert werden. Diese Beobachtungen revidieren das seit Langem bestehende Bild zum Mechanismus der Membranextraktion der GTPasen. Der komplexe und hochselektive Extraktionsprozess der RhoGTPasen wird nicht durch das gleichzeitige Falten und Binden eines sterisch blockierenden Peptides, sondern durch ein dynamisches Ensemble mit vordefinierten transienten strukturellen Eigenschaften orchestriert, die durch die spezifische Umgebung entlang des mehrstufigen Prozesses noch moduliert werden können.
Dissecting Exciton Dynamics in pH‐Activatable Long‐Wavelength Photosensitizers for Traceable Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Liu Yurong , Zhang Jing , Zhou Xuan , Wang Yaru , Lei Shan , Feng Guangle , Wang Dong , Huang Peng , Lin Jing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTumor‐specific activatable long‐wavelength (LW) photosensitizers (PSs) show promise in overcoming the limitations of traditional photodynamic therapy (PDT), such as systemic phototoxicity and shallow tissue penetration. However, their insufficient LW light absorption and low singlet oxygen quantum yield (Φ 1O2) usually require high laser power density to produce thermal energy and synergistically enhance PDT. The strong photothermal radiation causing acute pain significantly reduces patient compliance and hinders the broader clinical application of LW PDT. Through the exciton dynamics dissection strategy, we have developed a series of pH‐activatable cyanine‐based LW PSs (LET‐R, R = H, Cl, Br, I), among which the activated LET‐I exhibits strong light absorption at 808 nm and a remarkable 3.2‐fold enhancement in Φ 1O2 compared to indocyanine green. Transient spectroscopic analysis and theoretical calculations confirmed its significantly promoted intersystem crossing and simultaneously enhanced LW fluorescence emission characteristics. These features enable the activatable fluorescence and photoacoustic dual‐modal imaging‐escorted complete photodynamic eradication of tumors by the folic acid (FA)‐modified LET‐I probe (LET‐I‐FA), under the ultralow 808 nm laser power density (0.2 W cm−2) for irradiation, without the need for photothermal energy synergy. This research presents a novel strategy of dissecting exciton dynamics to screen activatable LW PSs for traceable PDT.
Metal‐Mediated Synthesis of a Mixed Arduengo‐Fischer Carbodicarbene Ligand
Authors: Kooij Bastiaan , Chen Damien W. , Fadaei‐Tirani Farzaneh , Severin Kay 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCarbodicarbenes are strong C‐donor ligands, which have found numerous applications in organometallic and main group element chemistry. Herein, we report a structurally distinct carbodicarbene ligand, which is formed by dinitrogenative coupling of a Fischer carbene complex with an N‐heterocyclic diazoolefin. The resulting carbonyl complex serves as a stable source for the mixed Arduengo‐Fischer carbodicarbene ligand. Facile ligand transfer reactions were demonstrated to occur with gold(I), copper(I), palladium(II), and rhodium(I) complexes.
Aggregative Luminescence from CsPbBr3 Perovskite Precursors
Authors: Zhang Siwei , Ma Fulong , Jiang Jinhui , Wang Zaiyu , Kwok Ryan T. K. , Qiu Zijie , Zhao Zheng , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the properties of the precursor can provide deeper insight into the crystallization and nucleation mechanisms of perovskites, which is vital for the solution‐process device performance. Herein, we conducted a detailed investigation into the photophysics properties of CsPbBr3 precursors in a broad concentration and various solvents. The precursor transformed from the solution state into the colloidal state and exhibited aggregation‐induced emission character as the concentration increased. The aggregative luminescence from the precursors originates from the polybromide plumbous that is formed through the coordination of solvent molecules to the lead metal center. Two adducts with monodentate (PbBr2 ⋅ solvent) and bidentate (PbBr2 ⋅ 2solvent) ligands can be obtained, accompanied by emission with photoluminescence at 610 and 565 nm, respectively. Furthermore, the aggregative luminescence intensity and color could be regulated by changing the solvent and precursor ratio. Besides, we discussed the difference between the molecular aggregate in the organic system and the ionic aggregate in the inorganic system: the ionic aggregate is composed of solvated ions rather than individual molecules as in organic systems, which could possess properties that ions do not have. The fluorescence that is sensitive to Pb2+ coordination reported here could be applied to screen perovskite additives and judge the precursor aging.
Effect analysis of temperature and initial water content on the adsorption and separation of VOCs by ZIF‐8 based on molecular simulation
Authors: Li Xiaotong , Zheng Yongyin , Huang Weiqiu , Li Xufei , Wang Xinya , Liu Lin , Zhong Jing , Feng Fangrui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) have seriously polluted the atmospheric environment and caused harmful effects on human beings, so it is imperative to control oil vapor emissions. Metal organic framework materials, as one of the porous materials, have a good application prospect in the field of gas adsorption separation. In this paper, the effects of temperature and initial water content (IWC) on the adsorption properties of methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), ethylene (C2H4), propane (C3H8), and propylene (C3H6) by ZIF‐8 were studied by combining the large gauge Monte Carlo (GCMC) and ideal adsorption solution theory. The results show that the higher the temperature is, the lower the adsorption capacity is, the higher the threshold pressure is, and the single molecule interaction energy changes little with temperature. But pore volume is still the main influencing factor. The IWC also reduces the saturated adsorption capacity. Preloaded water molecules can enhance the electrostatic interaction at low pressure, thus affecting the adsorption heat and interaction energy of single molecules. Overall, these findings provide valuable mechanistic insights into the effects of temperature and IWC on the adsorption properties of ZIF‐8 for VOCs.
Influence of dangling chains on the microphase separation and damping properties of polyurethane
Authors: Shi Keyu , Li Xiaodong , Lei Lisha , Chen Pan , Ge Mengchen , Wu Tianhao , Jiang Hao , Zou Meishuai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUnderstanding how dangling fragments of polyurethanes (PU) affect its microphase separation structure and damping properties can provide insights for designing desired materials at the molecular scale. By varying the types of diol extenders (such as 1,2‐ethyleneglycol, 1,2‐propanediol, and 1,2‐butanediol), PU samples with different dangling residues were successfully synthesized. Using atomic force microscopy and small‐angle x‐ray scattering, we confirmed that the introduction of dangling chains disrupts microphase separation and demonstrated a correlation between the degree of suppressed microphase separation and the size of the dangling residues. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations confirmed that dangling chains reduce the hydrogen bonding index while increasing the phase compatibility between soft and hard segments. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements revealed an increased glass transition temperature (Tg), indicating hindered movement of backbone segments due to dangling chains. Moreover, lengthening the dangling chains further decreased Tg. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) demonstrated improved damping properties with the introduction of dangling chains, although increasing chain length led to deteriorating damping properties, consistent with observations from DSC. These findings suggest that the variations in macroscopic properties of PU induced by dangling chains are linked to hydrogen bonding interactions and micromorphology at the molecular level.
Efficient Conversion of Glucose to Hydroxymethylfurfural: One‐pot Brønsted Base and Acid Promoted Selective Isomerization and Dehydration
Authors: Altia Minakshi , Anbarasan Pazhamalai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDevelopment of elegant, selective, and efficient strategies for the production of value‐added platform chemicals from renewable feedstocks are in high demand to achieve the future needs and sustainable goals. In this context, an efficient acid‐promoted synthesis of highly valuable hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has been demonstrated from glucose, a major constituent of lignocellulosic biomass. The major challenge in the conversion of glucose to HMF is the selective isomerization of glucose to ketose, which in the present work has been successfully addressed through the amine‐mediated rearrangement of glucose to aminofructose under Amadori rearrangement. Importantly, subsequent dehydration step affords HMF and regenerates the amine employed in the first step, which could be readily recovered. In addition, scale‐up and successful integration into one‐pot synthesis of HMF proves the efficiency and applicability of the present transformation in large scale application. In addition, the method was also successfully extended to other monosaccharides and disaccharides to produce HMF.
Synthesis of organic solvent‐free nitrogen‐doped carbon quantum dots as unique green fluorimetric probes for analysis of abrocitinib in human plasma
Authors: Salman Baher I. , Abdel‐Lateef Mohamed A. , Alzahrani Eman , Al‐Harrasi Ahmed , Ibrahim Adel Ehab , El‐Shoura Ehab A. M. , Hassan Yasser F. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a persistent, inflammatory skin condition that impacts approximately 15 to 20% of children and 1 to 3% of adults globally. Common skin manifestations include papules, papulovesicular, and brown or red patches with swelling, crusting, and flaking. Therefore, the drug abrocitinib (ABR) was approved by the US FDA as an oral treatment for atopic dermatitis. The present study outlines the development of innovative, thermostable, and pH‐stable organic solvent‐free nitrogen‐doped carbon dots (N@CQDs) synthesized through a one‐step method for evaluating ABR with a notable quantum yield of 33.84% to minimize the use of organic solvents. Their cost‐effectiveness, eco‐friendly characteristics, and outstanding photocatalytic properties have established them as a promising alternative to conventional luminescent techniques like fluorescent dyes and luminous derivatization technique. The reaction of ABR with N@CQDs led to a significant decrease in the luminescent response of the produced green and stable carbon quantum dots at 513 nm. The detection range was determined to be 1.0–150.0 ng mL−1, with a lower limit of quantitation (LOQ) equal to 0.52 ng mL−1 based on the linear graph. The green method effectively used for analysis of ABR in pharmaceutical tablets and pharmacokinetic study with high sensitivity.