bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Valorization of Pineapple (Ananas comosus) By-Products in Milk Coffee Beverage: Influence on Bioaccessibility of Phenolic Compounds
Authors: Kocakaplan Zeynep Buse , Ozkan Gulay , Kamiloglu Senem , Capanoglu Esra 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe industrial processing of pineapples generates a substantial quantity of by-products, including shell, crown, and core. Bromelain, a proteolytic enzyme found naturally in pineapple, including its by-products, may positively influence the bioaccessibility of phenolics from milk coffee. Therefore, this study aimed to assess how the inclusion of extracts from pineapple by-products, namely shell, crown and core, could impact the bioaccessibility of coffee phenolics when combined with milk. After measuring the proteolytic activity of pineapple by-products, the standardized in vitro digestion model of INFOGEST was employed to evaluate changes in total phenolic content, total antioxidant capacity, and individual phenolic compounds in different coffee formulations. The results showed that incorporating extracts from the crown or core in both black and milk coffee increased the bioaccessibility of total phenolics (from 93 to 114% to 105–129%) and antioxidants (from 54 to 56% to 84–87%), while this effect was not observed for the shell. Moreover, adding core extracts also enhanced the bioaccessibility of caffeoylquinic acids and gallic acid in milk coffee (from 0.72 to 0.85% and 109–155%, respectively). Overall, the findings of this study highlight that bromelain from pineapple core may have a favorable effect on the recovery of phenolic compounds in milk coffee, possibly due to its ability to cleave proteins. These outcomes point out that industrial by-products can be transformed into economic value by being reintroduced into the production process through suitable treatment instead of disposal.
A Framework for Stakeholder Involvement in eHealth Action Research
Authors: Oberschmidt Kira , Grünloh Christiane , Tabak Monique 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe involvement of stakeholder groups, like patients or healthcare professionals, is highly valued in eHealth Action Research (AR) projects because it ensures a match between the project outcomes and the needs of the target group. However, few best practices or advices are available and no overview exists that describes the process of active involvement of stakeholders in the context of eHealth. Therefore, this paper presents the development of a framework for active stakeholder involvement in eHealth AR. The framework was developed based on several studies on stakeholder involvement in a project, as well as existing literature. To evaluate the framework, interviews were conducted with eight participants, who were either experts from the field or researchers currently working in practice in eHealth AR projects. Based on the suggestions made during the interviews, the framework was adjusted. The final version of the framework consists of 9 sections with a total of 56 questions, as well as material for additional reading. This framework can help researchers, especially those who are relatively new to AR and stakeholder involvement, shape their research process. A next step would be to further investigate how to operationalise the framework, for example in project meetings with stakeholders, and then, evaluate the framework in practice by implementation into an AR project from start to finish.
Synthesis of solid sodium silicate from waste glass and utilization on one-part alkali-activated materials based on spent oil filtering earth
Authors: Delgado-Plana Pedro , Bueno-Rodríguez Salvador , Pérez-Villarejo Luis , Eliche-Quesada Dolores 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlkali activated materials (AAMs) commonly known as geopolymers are considered ecofriendly substitutes for Portland cement. However, these materials still have a significant environmental impact, owing mainly to the use of activators based on commercial chemical products. In this sense, this research focuses on the production and use of waste glass–derived activators AAMs as an alternative to commercial activators. Using a thermochemical synthesis method, activator compositions were systematically designed to achieve predefined activator modulus (Ms = SiO2/Na2O = 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5). These alternative activators were studied by XRD, FTIR and SEM techniques. Additionally, one-part AAMs were manufactured using spent oil filtration earth (SOFE) as precursor and activator with optimum modulus Ms = 1.0. The influence of the Na2O dosage was studied (10; 20 and 30 g of Na2O per every 100 g of SOFE) as well as the influence of the activator modulus maintaining the optimum dosage of 20 g Na2O per 100 g of SOFE. As a control, two-part AAMs were also synthetized with the optimum dosage and modulus employing commercial activators (NaOH + Na2SiO3 solution). Results indicate that the modulus of the alternative activator and especially the Na2O dosage have a significant influence on the technological properties of AAMs based in SOFE, with an optimum compressive strength (35.8 MPa) for the addition of 20 g of Na2O per every 100 g of SOFE using activator with modulus Ms = 1.0. This research embodies a sustainable approach to AAM production and suggests waste glass as a valuable raw material for sodium silicate synthesis intended for the one-part activation of spent filtering earth from the agri-food industry, aligning with the principles of circular economy and sustainable development goals.
A question of norms and control—factors shaping sustainable energy behavior: a study among various university stakeholders
Authors: Heib Sascha , Kortsch Timo , Hildebrand Jan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper in the journal Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. presents a study that uses a subgroup approach to investigate which factors, based on the theory of planned behavior, influence energy saving behavior at a medium-sized university in Germany and whether there are differences between the subgroups. The focus will be on the largest groups within the university (i.e., academic staff, administrative/technical staff and students). For this purpose, multi-group SEM is calculated in two independent cross-sectional samples (t1: N = 1714, t2: N = 1289) collected 2.5 years apart. In addition, a third, independent longitudinal sample (N = 189) was used to examine the causal effects of the theoretical model.The empirical findings partially reveal that injunctive social norms significantly predicted personal norms across subgroups and in both cross-sectional samples, while descriptive social norms negatively influenced personal norms only among the subgroup students. Personal norms and perceived behavioral control positively influenced energy-saving intentions across all subgroups in both cross-sectional samples. Regarding actual behavior, energy-saving intentions significantly predicted behavior across groups and time. The results are largely confirmed in the longitudinal sample. The findings show that subgroup analyzes in the organizational context can provide additional insights, but that overall the context of the organization seems to be significant for all organizational members regardless of the subgroup, as predominantly similar relationships were found between the variables under consideration in three independent samples.
Guidelines for fracture risk assessment and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men above the age of 50 in Qatar
Authors: Alam Fiaz , Alsaed Omar , Abdulla Nabeel , Abdulmomen Ibrahim , Lutf Abdo , Al Emadi Samar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Summary
We present comprehensive guidelines for osteoporosis management in Qatar. Formulated by the Qatar Osteoporosis Association, the guidelines recommend the age-dependent Qatar fracture risk assessment tool for screening, emphasizing risk-based treatment strategies and discouraging routine dual-energy X-ray scans. They offer a vital resource for physicians managing osteoporosis and fragility fractures nationwide.

Purpose
Osteoporosis and related fragility fractures are a growing public health issue with an impact on individuals and the healthcare system. We aimed to present guidelines providing unified guidance to all healthcare professionals in Qatar regarding the management of osteoporosis.

Methods
The Qatar Osteoporosis Association formulated guidelines for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men above the age of 50. A panel of six local rheumatologists who are experts in the field of osteoporosis met together and conducted an extensive review of published articles and local and international guidelines to formulate guidance for the screening and management of postmenopausal women and men older than 50 years in Qatar.

Results
The guidelines emphasize the use of the age-dependent hybrid model of the Qatar fracture risk assessment tool for screening osteoporosis and risk categorization. The guidelines include screening, risk stratification, investigations, treatment, and monitoring of patients with osteoporosis. The use of a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan without any risk factors is discouraged. Treatment options are recommended based on risk stratification.

Conclusion
Guidance is provided to all physicians across the country who are involved in the care of patients with osteoporosis and fragility fractures.
A Peak Set of Hausdorff Dimension 2n − 1 for the Algebra A(D) in the Boundary of a Domain D with C⌃2 Boundary
Authors: Kot Piotr 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe consider a bounded strictly pseudoconvex domain $$\Omega \subset \mathbb {C}^{n}$$

Ω
⊂

C

n

with $$C^{2}$$

C
2

boundary. Then, we show that any compact Ahlfors–David regular subset of $$\partial \Omega $$

∂
Ω

of Hausdorff dimension $$\beta \in (0,2n-1]$$

β
∈
(
0
,
2
n
-
1
]

contains a peak set E of Hausdorff dimension equal to $$\beta $$
β
.
Emerging DNA Methylome Targets in FLT3-ITD-Positive Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Combination Therapy with Clinically Approved FLT3 Inhibitors
Authors: Tecik Melisa , Adan Aysun 
Published: May 2024

Opinion statementThe internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutation of the FMS-like receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3-ITD) is the most common mutation observed in approximately 30% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. It represents poor prognosis due to continuous activation of downstream growth-promoting signaling pathways such as STAT5 and PI3K/AKT. Hence, FLT3 is considered an attractive druggable target; selective small FLT3 inhibitors (FLT3Is), such as midostaurin and quizartinib, have been clinically approved. However, patients possess generally poor remission rates and acquired resistance when FLT3I used alone. Various factors in patients could cause these adverse effects including altered epigenetic regulation, causing mainly abnormal gene expression patterns. Epigenetic modifications are required for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal and differentiation; however, critical driver mutations have been identified in genes controlling DNA methylation (such as DNMT3A, TET2, IDH1/2). These regulators cause leukemia pathogenesis and affect disease diagnosis and prognosis when they co-occur with FLT3-ITD mutation. Therefore, understanding the role of different epigenetic alterations in FLT3-ITD AML pathogenesis and how they modulate FLT3I’s activity is important to rationalize combinational treatment approaches including FLT3Is and modulators of methylation regulators or pathways. Data from ongoing pre-clinical and clinical studies will further precisely define the potential use of epigenetic therapy together with FLT3Is especially after characterized patients’ mutational status in terms of FLT3 and DNA methlome regulators.
Relevance of Cardiovascular Exercise in Cancer and Cancer Therapy-Related Cardiac Dysfunction
Authors: Wernhart Simon , Rassaf Tienush 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose of the Review
Cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) has been identified as a threat to overall and cancer-related survival. Although aerobic exercise training (AET) has been shown to improve cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), the relationship between specific exercise regimens and cancer survival, heart failure development, and reduction of CTRCD is unclear. In this review, we discuss the impact of AET on molecular pathways and the current literature of sports in the field of cardio-oncology.

Recent Findings
Cardio-oncological exercise trials have focused on variations of AET intensity by using moderate continuous and high intensity interval training, which are applicable, safe, and effective approaches to improve CRF.

Summary
AET increases CRF, reduces cardiovascular morbidity and heart failure hospitalization and should thus be implemented as an adjunct to standard cancer therapy, although its long-term effect on CTRCD remains unknown. Despite modulating diverse molecular pathways, it remains unknown which exercise regimen, including variations of AET duration and frequency, is most suited to facilitate peripheral and central adaptations to exercise and improve survival in cancer patients.
The Covid-19 resilience journey of vulnerable young South Africans
Authors: Fouché Ansie , Cockcroft Kate , Theron Linda 
Published: May 2024

AbstractResilience, the ability to adapt well to adversity, is a critical factor in the well-being and success of young individuals. This study explored the multifaceted nature of resilience among South African youth challenged by COVID-related stressors and structural disadvantage. Specifically, this paper reports a follow-up qualitative leg of a sequential mixed-method design. Thirty-eight young adults (average age 24), all of whom reported high risk exposure but low depression symptoms, took part in semi-structured interviews to learn more about their resilience journey. Qualitative content analysis was employed to identify prominent themes. The study’s findings emphasize the dynamic nature of youth resilience, with individuals being buoyed by social network support (especially family); personal agency, structural support, and resource combinations. The qualitative findings contribute to the growing attention to the need for comprehensive policies and programs that recognize and enhance multisystemic sources of support, enabling young individuals to navigate challenges and thrive in their transition into adulthood.
Improving accuracy in predictions about future performance
Authors: Ruthig Joelle C. , Kroke Abigail M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWithin the academic context, students often expect to perform significantly better on an upcoming exam when compared to their actual performance. Unfortunately, students who are least accurate in their performance predictions are also the most at risk of being underprepared compared to their peers. Thus, efforts to enhance accuracy in performance predictions would benefit the student population that is most at risk of academic shortcomings and failure. Two studies examined whether incentives improve accuracy of academic performance predictions. In Study 1, 126 students in a 200-level undergraduate course provided estimates of how well they would perform on an upcoming exam. Two weeks later, the same students were randomly assigned to receive a reward incentive, punishment incentive, or no incentive for accuracy in performance predictions and their exam performance estimates were reassessed then compared to their actual scores on an exam completed one week later. In Study 2, 144 students from multiple 300-level courses provided performance predictions for an upcoming exam that were then compared to their actual exam scores for accuracy. For a subsequent exam, the same students were randomly assigned to varying levels of reward incentives (no incentive, modest incentive, large incentive) for prediction accuracy and their performance estimates were examined and compared to actual performance on a second exam. Findings from both studies indicated performance estimates are malleable and with the appropriate incentives, accuracy in predictions may be improved and contribute to better actual performance.
Fiber-Optic Bragg Grating Sensor for Photothermally Examinating Moisture of Meat
Authors: Xie Xiaodong , Song Enlai , Yuan Ziyu , Yin Yi , Zhang Yongkang , Yang Qiaochu , Xu Zhiyuan , Ran Yang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe illegal water injection into meat not only breaks the market equity, but also deteriorates the meat quality and produces harmful substances. In this work, we proposed a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor that enabled fast, quantitative, and in-situ detection of the moisture content of water-injected meat. The FBG was written in the erbium-ytterbium (Er/Yb) co-doped fiber, which could perform the self-photothermal effect by injecting the near infrared laser into the fiber. As the heated fiber sensor probe was inserted into the meat sample, the temperature decreased due to the heat dissipation mediated by moisture. The intracore Bragg grating could monitor the temperature loss by recording the Bragg wavelength shift, which reflected the water content quantitatively. The results revealed that the sensor could complete the detection within 15 s. The sensor’s sensitivity to detect changes in the pork water content was theoretically calculated to be 0.090847%. The proposed sensor is expected to provide a novel approach for examination of the meat moisture.
A Review on Vibration Control of Multiple Cylinders Subjected to Flow-Induced Vibrations
Authors: Xu Wan-hai , Ma Ye-xuan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe fatigue damage caused by flow-induced vibration (FIV) is one of the major concerns for multiple cylindrical structures in many engineering applications. The FIV suppression is of great importance for the security of many cylindrical structures. Many active and passive control methods have been employed for the vibration suppression of an isolated cylinder undergoing vortex-induced vibrations (VIV). The FIV suppression methods are mainly extended to the multiple cylinders from the vibration control of the isolated cylinder. Due to the mutual interference between the multiple cylinders, the FIV mechanism is more complex than the VIV mechanism, which makes a great challenge for the FIV suppression. Some efforts have been devoted to vibration suppression of multiple cylinder systems undergoing FIV over the past two decades. The control methods, such as helical strakes, splitter plates, control rods and flexible sheets, are not always effective, depending on many influence factors, such as the spacing ratio, the arrangement geometrical shape, the flow velocity and the parameters of the vibration control devices. The FIV response, hydrodynamic features and wake patterns of the multiple cylinders equipped with vibration control devices are reviewed and summarized. The FIV suppression efficiency of the vibration control methods are analyzed and compared considering different influence factors. Further research on the FIV suppression of multiple cylinders is suggested to provide insight for the development of FIV control methods and promote engineering applications of FIV control methods.
Genetic Algorithm Optimization with Selection Operator Decider
Authors: Meniz Büşra , Tiryaki Fatma 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGenetic Algorithm (GA) is a powerful and flexible meta-heuristic tool to deal with the complexity of optimization problems, as they are directly related to real-life situations. The primary goal of an optimization problem could be to obtain a solution with less effort and near-optimal rather than slow, improbable optimal. GAs serve this purpose by broadly exploring the possible solution space and using genetic operators. The performance of GAs can vary significantly depending on the genetic operators. Although each operator type has upsides and downsides, the selection operator greatly influences the GA’s performance. Conventional GAs initialize with predetermined genetic operators and continue with the same throughout all iterations. In this paper, dynamically adjusting the selection operators to the current progress of the iteration will be shown to be a crucial strategy to improve the performance of the GA. This study aims to propose a novel GA capable of harnessing multiple selection operators by a self-deciding operator structure, which is more advantageous at the current iteration. For this, Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), which is known as a simple and effective multi-criteria decision-making method, will be integrated into the GA by a proposed dynamic decision matrix. The proposed Selection Operator Decider Genetic Algorithm (SODGA) has unique properties with varying selection processes and is capable of using TOPSIS as a decider of the operator inside the iterations. The effectiveness of the presented SODGA framework will be analyzed by a Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problems (CVRPs) benchmark set.
Return of the organism? The concept in plant biology, now and then
Authors: Yilmaz Özlem 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis essay argues for the importance of an organismic perspective in plant biology and considers some of its implications. These include an increased attention to plant-environment interaction and an emphasis on integrated approaches. Furthermore, this essay contextualizes the increased emphasis on the concept of organism in recent years and places the concept in a longer history. Recent developments in biology and worsening environmental crises have led researchers to study plant responses to changing environments with whole plant approaches that situate plants in their environments, emphasizing the intricate and dynamic interaction between them. This renewed attention to the organism recalls the debates of the early twentieth century, when organicism was one of the three main frameworks in biology (along with vitalism and mechanism). Some scholars see this renewed importance today as a “return” of this earlier period. This essay argues that including insights from plant biology will benefit philosophy of biology research that examines the concept of organism and organicism now and in earlier periods. A comprehensive account of the concept of organism should involve a botanical conception of the organism as well as a zoological one (which is more frequently considered). Although this essay does not aim to present a conceptual analysis, it presents examples of how an organismic perspective can be useful for understanding concepts (such as phenotype, stress, etc.) and research processes (such as experiment set-ups, data processes, etc.) in plant biology. Philosophy of biology investigations that aim at a comprehensive understanding of the concept of organism can benefit greatly from examinations of cases in plant biology, both now and in the past.