bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developments in Deinstitutionalization and Community Living in the Czech Republic
Authors: Šiška Jan , Beadle‐Brown Julie 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe Czech national policy on social services and health is based on the principal of human rights and empowerment of persons with disabilities. Based on published literature and reports, as well as knowledge and experience from working in the field, this mainly conceptual article summarizes progress over the past two decades in the Czech Republic in moving from an institutional era toward one that values community‐based alternatives. While European and national policy is supportive of community living, and new individualized funding streams have been created, progress in the Czech Republic toward the goal of community living for everyone with a disability has been slow and has met with many barriers. The authors highlight the need to consider issues such as the availability of data related to funding and delivery of services, planning of the transitional period toward community‐based services, accessibility of reports on quality of services (including institutions), and the conflict of interests created by the system of guardianship. The authors conclude that despite economic circumstances that may slow down the process of deinstitutionalization, the direction of change toward community living needs to be sustained.
An Exploration of the Roles of Nurse Managers in Evidence‐Based Practice Implementation
Authors: Wilkinson Joyce E. , Nutley Sandra M. , Davies Huw T.O. 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTBackground: Internationally, nurses face ongoing difficulties in making a reality of evidence‐based practice. Existing studies suggest that nurse managers (NMs) should play a key role in leading and facilitating evidence‐based practice, but the nature of this role has not yet been fully explored or articulated. This is one of the first studies to investigate the roles of NMs in evidence‐based practice implementation.Methodology and Methods: Using a case study approach the study explores five propositions in relation to the NMs’ potential evidence‐based practice role and the extent to which their attitudes, knowledge, and skills support such a role. In doing so, it draws on interviews (n= 51), documentary analysis and observational data.Findings: Data analysis reveals that the role of NMs in facilitating evidence‐based practice is under‐articulated, largely passive and currently limited by competing demands. Progress in implementing evidence‐based practice in the case study sites is largely explained by factors other than the role played by NMs. As such, the findings expose significant discrepancies between NMs’ actual roles and those espoused in the literature as being necessary. Contextual factors are important and it is clear that the role of the contemporary NM places considerable emphasis on management and administration to the detriment of clinical practice concerns.Conclusions: The study reveals that NMs are only involved in evidence‐based practice implementation in a passive role, not the full engagement described in the literature as being necessary. This study adds previously lacking detail of the roles of NMs. It elucidates why exhortations to NMs to become more involved in evidence‐based practice implementation are ineffective without action to address the problems identified.
An alternative isomerohydrolase in the retinal Müller cells of a cone‐dominant species
Authors: Takahashi Yusuke , Moiseyev Gennadiy , Chen Ying , Nikolaeva Olga , Ma Jian‐Xing 
Published: June 2011

Cone photoreceptors have faster light responses than rods and a higher demand for 11‐cis retinal (11cRAL), the chromophore of visual pigments. RPE65 is the isomerohydrolase in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) that converts all‐trans retinyl ester to 11‐cis retinol, a key step in the visual cycle for regenerating 11cRAL. Accumulating evidence suggests that cone‐dominant species express an alternative isomerase, likely in retinal Müller cells, to meet the high demand for the chromophore by cones. In the present study, we describe the identification and characterization of a novel isomerohydrolase, RPE65c, from the cone‐dominant zebrafish retina. RPE65c shares 78% amino acid sequence identity with RPE‐specific zebrafish RPE65a (orthologue of human RPE65) and retains all of the known key residues for the enzymatic activity of RPE65. Similar to the other RPE‐specific RPE65, RPE65c was present in both the membrane and cytosolic fractions, used all‐trans retinyl ester as its substrate and required iron for its enzymatic activity. However, immunohistochemistry detected RPE65c in the inner retina, including Müller cells, but not in the RPE. Furthermore, double‐immunostaining of dissociated retinal cells using antibodies for RPE65c and glutamine synthetase (a Müller cell marker), showed that RPE65c co‐localized with the Müller cell marker. These results suggest that RPE65c is the alternative isomerohydrolase in the intra‐retinal visual cycle, providing 11cRAL to cone photoreceptors in cone‐dominant species. Identification of an alternative visual cycle will contribute to the understanding of the functional differences of rod and cone photoreceptors.Structured digital abstract

RPE65c
colocalizes with Calnexin by cosedimentation (View interaction)
Löfgren's syndrome misdiagnosed as cellulitis
Authors: Cheng Daryl Ray , Maini Amit 
Published: June 2011

AbstractLöfgren's syndrome is an acute‐onset presentation of sarcoidosis that can be easily missed in an ED setting. A case is reported of Löfgren's syndrome presenting as erythema nodosum with bilateral ankle oedema. Although rare, this diagnosis should be considered when examining a patient with erythema nodosum and articular symptoms.
Turnover intention of graduate nurses in South Korea
Authors: LEE Haejung , LIM Yeonjung , JUNG Hee Young , SHIN Youn‐Wha 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAim:  The purpose of this study was to identify the turnover intention of graduate nurses in South Korea and to explore the correlates of turnover intention.Methods:  A descriptive, correlational design was used. The participants comprised 225 female nurses who were working at 13 general hospitals and who had accumulated <12 months of clinical nursing experience since their graduation. The data were collected through a structured questionnaire that was conducted from 5–31 August 2009.Results:  The mean score for turnover intention was 7.51. Turnover intention was found to be related to the number of beds in the hospital, workplace, and duration of job orientation (theory and practice), instruction by a preceptor, job stress, clinical competence, self‐efficacy, and the practice environment. In the multivariate approach, the practice environment, job stress, and the workplace were found to be significantly related to turnover intention and accounted for 36% of the said intention in the studied graduate nurses.Conclusion:  The results support that the characteristics of magnet hospitals that improve the practice environment could play a critical role in retaining nurses in hospitals. Managerial interventions that enhance the practice environment, reduce job stress, and place graduate nurses in nursing units with a single specialty could benefit the hospitals employing such nurses. Further research to explore the effects of managerial strategies on graduate nurses' turnover intention is warranted.
Sexual Behaviors Among Adults in Puerto Rico: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Ortiz Ana Patricia , Soto-Salgado Marievelisse , Suárez Erick , del Carmen Santos-Ortiz María , Tortolero-Luna Guillermo , Pérez Cynthia M. 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Given changes in sexual behaviors and norms in the United States, there is a need for current and representative data on sexual behaviors with particular interest in gender, age, and racial/ethnic group differences.

Aim
Given the limited data for Hispanics and for Puerto Rico (PR), we described patterns of sexual behaviors and characteristics among a sexually active sample (n = 1,575) of adults aged 21–64 years in PR.

Main Outcome Measures
The main outcome measures for this study are sexual behaviors including age at sexual initiation, number of sexual partners, vaginal and anal intercourse, and oral sex, among others.

Methods
Data from a population-based cross-sectional study in PR (2005–2008) was analyzed. The prevalence of sexual behaviors and characteristics was described by age-group and gender during the lifetime and in the past 12 months.

Results
Overall, 96.8%, 81.6%, and 60.9% of participants had ever engaged in vaginal, oral and anal sex, respectively, whereas 23.7% were seropositive to any of the sexually transmitted infections under study. Sexual initiation ≤15 years was reported by 37.8% of men and 21.4% of women; whereas 47.9% of men and 13.2% of women reported to have had ≥7 sexual partners in their lifetime. Approximately, 3% of women and 6% of men reported same-sex sexual practices, while history of forced sexual relations was reported by 9.6% of women and 2.5% of men. Sexual initiation ≤15 years was more common among individuals aged 21–34 years (41.4% men and 33.6% women) as compared with older cohorts. Although having had ≥7 sexual partners over a lifetime among men was similar across age groups, this behavior decreased in older women cohorts. In both genders, the prevalence of oral and anal sex was also lower in the older age cohorts.

Conclusion
This study provides essential information that can help health professionals understand the sexual practices and needs of the population of PR.
Vaginal Orgasm Is More Prevalent Among Women with a Prominent Tubercle of the Upper Lip
Authors: Brody S. , Costa R. M. 
Published: June 2011

Abstract

Introduction
Recent studies have uncovered multiple markers of vaginal orgasm history (unblocked pelvic movement during walking, less use of immature psychological defense mechanisms, greater urethrovaginal space). Other markers (perhaps of prenatal origin) even without obvious mechanistic roles in vaginal orgasm might exist, and a clinical observation led to the novel hypothesis that a prominent tubercle of the upper lip is such a marker.

Aims
To examine the hypothesis that a prominent tubercle of the upper lip is associated specifically with greater likelihood of experiencing vaginal orgasm (orgasm elicited by penile–vaginal intercourse [PVI] without concurrent masturbation).

Methods
Women (N = 258, predominantly Scottish) completed an online survey reporting their frequencies of various sexual activities and corresponding orgasms, age, and the prominence of the tubercle of their upper lip. Social desirability response bias was also assessed.

Main Outcome Measures
Multivariate associations of lip tubercle prominence with vaginal orgasm (ever and past month consistency) and with orgasm by other means.

Results
A prominent and sharply raised lip tubercle was associated with greater odds (odds ratio = 12.3) of ever having a vaginal orgasm, and also with greater past month vaginal orgasm consistency (an effect driven by the women who never had a vaginal orgasm), than less prominent lip tubercle categories. Lip tubercle was not associated with social desirability responding, or with orgasm triggered by masturbation during PVI, solitary or partner clitoral or vaginal masturbation, vibrator, or cunnilingus.

Conclusions
The results are discussed in light of the unique nature of vaginal orgasm and the possibility of prenatal developmental influences.
Development and Psychometric Properties of the Female Sexual Desire Questionnaire (FSDQ)
Authors: Goldhammer Denisa L. , McCabe Marita P. 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Sexual desire is often evaluated as part of a global assessment of female sexual function, which may not comprehensively evaluate the various facets of this experience. There currently exists a need to develop a psychometrically robust desire-specific measure for women.

Aim
The aim of this study was to develop and validate a desire-specific, self-administered instrument that evaluates the multiple facets of sexual desire and factors influencing this experience for partnered heterosexual women, with or without sexual dysfunction.

Methods
Preliminary items for inclusion in the Female Sexual Desire Questionnaire (FSDQ) were identified through a literature review and individual interviews with partnered heterosexual women, mostly from Australia. The resulting instrument was completed by a validation sample of 741 women, aged between 18 and 71 years, who were involved in a heterosexual relationship of between 3 months' and 49 years' duration.

Main Outcome Measures
Exploratory factor analysis was used to refine the FSDQ item content and identify the underlying domain structure. The reliability (internal consistency) and validity (convergent validity) of the FSDQ were also evaluated.

Results
The final version of the FSDQ consisted of 50 items organized into six domains that characterized the experience of, and factors influencing, sexual desire for heterosexual partnered women: Dyadic Desire, Solitary Desire, Resistance, Positive Relationship, Sexual Self-Image, and Concern. Each domain demonstrated high reliability, as did the overall measure. Evidence of construct validity was ascertained through convergence with the Sexual Desire Inventory and the Hurlbert Index of Sexual Desire. A short-form of the FSDQ, consisting of six items, was also developed.

Conclusions
The FSDQ is a new reliable and valid multidimensional measure designed specifically for evaluating the facets of, and factors influencing, sexual desire among sexually functional and dysfunctional women who are involved in a heterosexual relationship.
Exogenous Testosterone, Cardiovascular Events, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Elderly Men: A Review of Trial Data
Authors: Carson III Culley C. , Rosano Giuseppe 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Increasing interest in the use of supplemental testosterone has led to a heightened focus on the safety of testosterone in elderly males, with a particular emphasis on cardiovascular risk.

Aims
To evaluate, based on available clinical trial data, whether exogenous testosterone administration in middle-aged to elderly men increases cardiovascular risk, and to assess whether these effects differ in hypogonadal vs. eugonadal subjects.

Methods
MEDLINE search from 2004 to present of all meta-analyses and randomized, controlled clinical trials of testosterone administration in male subjects ≥45 years old that included measurements of cardiovascular outcomes or known cardiovascular risk factors before and after treatment with testosterone.

Main Outcome Measures
The effects of testosterone treatment on cardiovascular events and cardiovascular risk factors were assessed.

Results
In clinical trials where testosterone has been used in patients with preexisting cardiovascular conditions, the effect on disease symptoms has typically been either neutral or beneficial. Based on clinical trial data, testosterone treatment has minimal effect on cardiovascular risk factors with the exception of an increase in hematocrit, which is consistently seen with testosterone treatment, and a decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, which is an inconsistent response. Responses of hypogonadal and eugonadal men to testosterone treatment in terms of cardiovascular risk are generally similar. Testosterone treatment has not been reported to increase the incidence of cardiovascular events with the possible exception of one trial in frail elderly men.

Conclusions
Available clinical trial data indicate that the use of testosterone in middle-aged to elderly men does not increase cardiovascular risk nor does it unfavorably modify cardiovascular risk profile. Prospective data from large, well-designed, long-term trials of testosterone treatment are lacking and will be required to verify the cardiovascular efficacy/safety of chronic treatment.
Fluoxetine Chronic Treatment Inhibits Male Rat Sexual Behavior by Affecting Both Copulatory Behavior and the Genital Motor Pattern of Ejaculation
Authors: Hueletl-Soto María Eugenia , Carro-Juárez Miguel , Rodríguez-Manzo Gabriela 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are antidepressants that cause sexual dysfunction. The SSRI fluoxetine (FLX) appears to particularly affect the ejaculatory response. Ejaculation is regulated both at brain and spinal levels.

Aim
To study the acute and chronic effects of FLX on male rat copulatory behavior, trying to distinguish between brain and spinal cord FLX-induced changes on the ejaculatory response.

Methods
Sexually experienced male rats were intraperitoneally injected with 5 or 10 mg/kg FLX and tested for sexual behavior during 60 minutes on days 1, 7, and 14 of treatment. After a 2-day drug holiday, the males chronically treated with the high FLX dose were spinalized to record spontaneous and mechanically evoked genital motor patterns of ejaculation (GMPEs). In addition, independent groups were used to evaluate the acute effects of 1, 3, or 10 µg/rat FLX (intravenously) on the GMPE.

Main Outcome Measures
Number of ejaculatory series and their parameters; electromyographic recordings of the GMPE in the bulbospongiosus muscles and their parameters.

Results
Acute FLX injection slightly affected sexual behavior display and dose-dependently inhibited the expression of the GMPE. Chronic FLX treatment did not inhibit copulation but produced deficits in the parameters related to ejaculation after the high dose. In these animals, the response capacity of the spinal generator of ejaculation (SGE) as well as the number of discharges in the GMPE was decreased as a result of chronic FLX treatment.

Conclusions
Chronic FLX treatment produces inhibitory effects on male rat copulation, particularly on ejaculation, some of which are exerted directly at the SGE.
Recent and Lifelong Sexual Dysfunction in a Female UK Population Sample: Prevalence and Risk Factors
Authors: Burri Andrea , Spector Timothy 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACT

Introduction
To date, no studies have tried to explore the prevalence and risk factors of recent and lifelong female sexual dysfunction (FSD) in the United Kingdom using validated questionnaires for the assessment of symptom severity and levels of associated sexual distress.

Aim
To estimate the prevalence and comorbidity of recent and lifelong FSD and to further identify potential psychosocial and behavioral risk factors in a nationally representative sample of UK women.

Methods
One thousand four hundred eighty-nine unselected female twin individuals aged 18–85 years. Validated questionnaires, such as the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the Female Sexual Distress Scale, were used for the assessment of symptom severity and degree of sexual distress.

Main Outcome Measures
Prevalence and comorbidity of recent and lifelong FSD according to the FSFI cutoff points and the existence of sexual distress. Lifelong FSD refers to an individual's average sexual function ever since they have been sexually active. We further calculated odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval for FSD.

Results
We found that 5.8% of women reported any recent sexual dysfunction and 15.5% reported any lifelong sexual dysfunction. Hyposexual desire was the most prevalent recent and lifelong sexual complaint (21.4% and 17.3%, respectively). High intercorrelations were found for both recent and lifelong FSD (r = 0.3–0.7). The most common independent, clinical predictor of recent and lifelong FSD diagnosis was relationship dissatisfaction (OR 1.2–4.5). Experience of abuse (OR 1.6–2.1), increased anxiety, and obsessive compulsive behavior were the most common predictors for lifelong FSD.

Conclusions
The study provides the first UK population-based assessment of recent and lifelong FSD using validated outcome measures and accounting for sexual distress. Our results indicate that FSD is common in the general population and is influenced by psychosocial factors with different pathoetiologies underlying recent and lifelong FSD.
Metabolic Syndrome, Testosterone, and Cardiovascular Mortality in Men
Authors: Lin Jou-Wei , Lee Jen-Kuang , Wu Cho-Kai , Caffrey James L. , Chang Man-Huei , Hwang Juey-Jen , Dowling Nicole , Lin Yu-Sheng 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Interactions among testosterone, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and mortality risk in men remain to be elucidated.

Aim
To examine relationships among testosterone, MetS, and cardiovascular mortality risk in U.S. men, middle-aged and older.

Methods
The analysis included the men aged 40 years and above in Phase 1 (1988–1991) of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). Serum testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin were measured, and free testosterone and bioavailable testosterone were calculated. MetS was determined according to the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP-III) criteria.

Main Outcome Measures
Cardiovascular and other causes of mortality were obtained from the NHANES III-linked follow-up file through December 31, 2006. Multivariate Cox regression models were applied to assess associations of interest.

Results
Of 596 men included in the analysis, 187 men were found to have MetS. During a median follow-up of 15.6 years, 97 men died of cardiovascular causes (cardiovascular mortality rate: 9.84 and 5.77 per 1,000 person-years for those with and without MetS, respectively). Higher calculated bioavailable testosterone (CBT) was associated with a lower odds of MetS (odds ratio: 0.80 for each ng/mL, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.76–0.84, P &lt; 0.001) and lower risk of cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratios [HRs]: 0.72 for each log ng/mL, 95% CI: 0.54–0.96, P = 0.03) in subjects with MetS. The influence of CBT was not observed in those without MetS (HR: 0.84 for each log ng/mL, 95% CI: 0.68–1.04, P = 0.10).

Conclusions
The combination of lower bioavailable testosterone and ATP-III-defined MetS is associated with an increased cardiovascular mortality in the men aged 40 years and above.
A search for HeH+ and CH in a high-redshift quasi-stellar object
Authors: Zinchenko I. , Dubrovich V. , Henkel C. 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
We performed a search simultaneously for the HeH+J = 1–0 line (νrest= 2010.183 873 GHz) and for the CH 2Π3/2(F2)J = 3/2–2Π1/2(F2)J = 1/2 lines (νrest≈ 2006.8 and 2010.8 GHz) towards one of the highest redshift quasars known, SDSS J114816.64+525150.3 (z = 6.4189). No clearly visible line was detected after obtaining an rms noise level of ∼0.4 mK (∼3 mJy) in 16-MHz (18 km s-1) channels. At a level of 2.9σ, however, there is a tentative emission feature shifted by about 100 km s-1 from the expected frequency of the HeH+ line. This shift is well within the width of the line profiles for CO and C+. The putative feature is about four times narrower than the previously detected CO and C+ lines. The difference in velocities as well as in the linewidths could be explained by quite different conditions required for the formation and excitation of HeH+ with respect to CO and C+. The HeH+ emission, if real, could probably arise in the dense ionized gas of this quasi-stellar object. The velocity-integrated flux in this tentative feature is 0.62 ± 0.21 Jy km s-1 which corresponds to a total luminosity of L(HeH+) ≈ 7.1 × 108 L⊙. As long as there is no independent confirmation, these values should be considered rather as upper limits.