bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal acetabular orientation for hip resurfacing
Authors: Grammatopoulos G. , Pandit H. , Glyn-Jones S. , McLardy-Smith P. , Gundle R. , Whitwell D. , Gill H. S. , Murray D. W. 
Published: July 2010

Pseudotumours are a rare complication of hip resurfacing. They are thought to be a response to metal debris which may be caused by edge loading due to poor orientation of the acetabular component. Our aim was to determine the optimal acetabular orientation to minimise the risk of pseudotumour formation.We matched 31 hip resurfacings revised for pseudotumour formation with 58 controls who had a satisfactory outcome from this procedure. The radiographic inclination and anteversion angles of the acetabular component were measured on anteroposterior radiographs of the pelvis using Einzel-Bild-Roentgen-Analyse software. The mean inclination angle (47°, 10° to 81°) and anteversion angle (14°, 4° to 34°) of the pseudotumour cases were the same (p = 0.8, p = 0.2) as the controls, 46° (29° to 60°) and 16° (4° to 30°) respectively, but the variation was greater. Assuming an accuracy of implantation of ± 10° about a target position, the optimal radiographic position was found to be approximately 45° of inclination and 20° of anteversion. The incidence of pseudotumours inside the zone was four times lower (p = 0.007) than outside the zone.In order to minimise the risk of pseudotumour formation we recommend that surgeons implant the acetabular component at an inclination of 45° (± 10) and anteversion of 20° (± 10) on post-operative radiographs. Because of differences between the radiographic and the operative angles, this may be best achieved by aiming for an inclination of 40° and an anteversion of 25°.
The biomechanics of pedicle screw-based instrumentation
Authors: Cho W. , Cho S. K. , Wu C. 
Published: July 2010

There are three basic concepts that are important to the biomechanics of pedicle screw-based instrumentation. First, the outer diameter of the screw determines pullout strength, while the inner diameter determines fatigue strength. Secondly, when inserting a pedicle screw, the dorsal cortex of the spine should not be violated and the screws on each side should converge and be of good length. Thirdly, fixation can be augmented in cases of severe osteoporosis or revision.A trajectory parallel or caudal to the superior endplate can minimise breakage of the screw from repeated axial loading. Straight insertion of the pedicle screw in the mid-sagittal plane provides the strongest stability.Rotational stability can be improved by adding transverse connectors. The indications for their use include anterior column instability, and the correction of rotational deformity.
The long-term functional and radiological outcome after open reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament
Authors: Sutherland A. G. , Cooper K. , Alexander L. A. , Nicol M. , Smith F. W. , Scotland T. R. 
Published: July 2010

We identified a series of 128 patients who had unilateral open reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) by a single surgeon between 1993 and 2000. In all, 79 patients were reviewed clinically and radiologically eight to 15 years after surgery. Assessment included measurement of the Lysholm and Tegner scores, the ACL quality-of-life score and the Short Form-12 score, as well as the International Knee Documentation Committee clinical assessment, measurement of laxity by the KT-1000 arthrometer, a single-leg hop test and standardised radiography of both knees using the uninjured knee as a control. Of the injured knees, 46 (57%) had definite radiological evidence of osteoarthritis (Kellgren-Lawrence grade 2 or 3), with a mean difference between the injured and non-injured knees of 1.2 grades. The median ACL quality-of-life score was 80 (interquartile range (IQR) 60 to 90), the Lysholm score 84 (IQR 74 to 95), the Short Form-12 physical component score 54 (IQR 49 to 56) and the mean Hop Index 0.94 (0.52 to 1.52). In total 58 patients were graded as normal, 20 as nearly normal and one as abnormal on the KT-1000 assessment and pivot-shift testing. Taking the worst-case scenario of assuming all non-attenders (n = 48), two septic failures and one identified unstable knee found at review to be failures, the failure rate was 40%. Only two of the patients reviewed stated that they would not have similar surgery again. Open reconstruction of the ACL gives good, durable functional results, but with a high rate of radiologically evident osteoarthritis.
Displaced fracture of the femoral neck in children
Authors: Song K.-S. 
Published: July 2010

We have investigated whether early anatomical open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) reduces the incidence of complications of fracture of the femoral neck in children, including avascular necrosis, compared with closed reduction and internal fixation (CRIF). We retrospectively reviewed 27 such fractures (15 type-II and 12 type-III displaced fractures) in children younger than 16 years of age seen in our hospital between February 1989 and March 2007. We divided the patients into three groups according to the quality of the reduction (anatomical, acceptable, and unacceptable) and the clinical results into two groups (satisfactory and unsatisfactory). Of the 15 fractures treated by ORIF, 14 (93.3%) had anatomical reduction and reduction was acceptable in one. Of the 12 treated by CRIF, three (25.0%) had anatomical reduction, eight had acceptable reduction (66.7%), and one (8.3%) unacceptable reduction. Of the 15 fractures treated by ORIF, 14 (93.3%) had a good result and one a fair result. Of the 12 treated by CRIF, seven (58.3%) had a good result, two (16.7%) a fair result and three (25.0%) a poor result. There were seven complications in five patients. ORIF gives better reduction with fewer complications, including avascular necrosis, than does CRIF in fractures of the femoral neck in children.
Another Fatal Event with Intravenous Bupivacaine Report Bad Advertising FDA Advise-ERR: Safe Practice with the Potent Once-Daily Opioid Exalgo
Authors: Cohen Michael R. , Smetzer Judy L. 
Published: July 2010

These medication errors have occurred in health care facilities at least once. They will happen again—perhaps where you work. Through education and alertness of personnel and procedural safeguards, they can be avoided. You should consider publishing accounts of errors in your newsletters and/or presenting them at your inservice training programs. Your assistance is required to continue this feature. The reports described here were received through the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) Medication Errors Reporting Program. Any reports published by ISMP will be anonymous. Comments are also invited; the writers' names will be published if desired. ISMP may be contacted at the address shown below. Errors, close calls, or hazardous conditions may be reported directly to ISMP through the ISMP Web site ( www.ismp.org ), by calling 800-FAIL-SAFE, or via e-mail at ismpinfo@ismp.org . ISMP guarantees the confidentiality and security of the information received and respects reporters' wishes as to the level of detail included in publications.
The masses of charged leptons and quarks from superposition self-interference of their Dirac fields
Authors: Rosen Gerald 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Without Higgs field interaction, accurate pole mass values are obtained for the charged leptons and quarks from a Z3-symmetric linear superposition self-interference of the Dirac fields in the effective free-field Lagrangian. The charged lepton and quark pole masses evidence the discrete Z3 symmetry, the theoretical-experimental deviations δm/m are $$
\mathcal{O}
$$(10−5) for all three charged leptons, and the quark pole masses are in very satisfactory overall agreement with the experimental data.
Application of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for palladium determination
Authors: Amin Alaa , Hassan Wafaa , Ragab Gamal 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA highly sensitive spectrophotometric method for palladium determination using piroxicam and tenoxicam as new chromogenic reagents has been developed. In the presence of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), palladium reacts with piroxicam (PX) or tenoxicam (TX) to form stable yellow orange complexes in an acetate buffer solution of pH 5.0 at 424 nm and 426 nm with molar absorptivity of 7.16 × 104 L mol−1 cm−1 and 1.20 × 105 L mol−1 cm−1, respectively. Sandell sensitivity, detection, and quantitation limits were also calculated. Optimum conditions were evaluated considering pH, reagent concentration, time, temperature, and surfactant concentration. The complex system conforms to Beer’s law over the range of 0.07–1.28 μg mL−1 palladium. The stoichiometric ratio and stability constant were also evaluated. Tolerance limits of many cations and anions were determined. Finally, the proposed method was applied successfully in the determination of palladium in jewellery, anode mud, synthetic mixtures, catalysts, and alloy samples.
ZnO nanoparticles in the synthesis of AB ring core of camptothecin
Authors: Roopan Selvaraj , Nawaz Khan Fazlur 
Published: July 2010

AbstractFor the first time, synthesis of AB ring core of camptothecin synthons such as (2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)methanols (Va-Vg) using zinc oxide nanoparticles is reported. The desired attractive products were obtained in high yields, short reaction time, using a simple work-up procedure with the purification of products by non-chromatographic methods.
Microwave assisted one pot synthesis of 7-substituted 2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)acetic acids as precursors of new anti-tumour compounds
Authors: Kováčová Silvia , Kováčiková Lucia , Lácová Margita , Boháč Andrej , Sališová Marta 
Published: July 2010

AbstractPerkin condensation with subsequent intramolecular lactonisation as one pot syntheses of 2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)acetic acids VIIa-Xa has been studied. The required acids VIIa-Xa were prepared as precursors of recently discovered compounds possessing antineoplastic activities. Syntheses of VIIa-Xa were carried out using para substituted 2-hydroxybenzaldehydes II-VI, succinic acid anhydride, sodium succinate under thermal or microwave conditions. Significant shortening of the reaction time under microwave irradiation was observed (18–50 min instead of 1.5–5 h of heating). Microwave assisted reactions proceeded more smoothly to give higher yield of the required products VIIa-Xa (31–61 %) compared to those under classical thermal conditions e.g. 21.8 % for IXa (Hurenkamp et al., 2007). Seven reaction by-products were isolated and determined as 2H,2′H-3,3′-bichromene-2,2′-diones VIIb-Xb and (E)-3-(2-hydroxystyryl)-2H-chromen-2-ones VIIc-IXc.
Bio-Efficacy Of Some Plant Leaf Extracts Against Mustard Aphid, Lipaphis Erysimi Kalt. On Indian Mustard, Brassica Juncea
Authors: Ali Arshad , Rizvi Parvez , Khan Farmanur 
Published: July 2010

Bio-Efficacy Of Some Plant Leaf Extracts Against Mustard Aphid,Lipaphis ErysimiKalt. On Indian Mustard,Brassica JunceaThe bio-efficacy of four plant leaf extractsviz., apple of sodom,Calotropis proceraAiton; Mexican poppy,Argemone mexicanaLinnaeus; Mexican marigold,Tagetes minutaLinnaeus and Indian neem,Azadirachta indicawere tested against mustard aphid,Lipaphis erysimion Indian mustard,Brassica juncea. The highest per cent aphid reduction during first, second and third spray were 28.79, 40.52 and 59.32 at 1 : 10 g/ml; 34.70, 44.49 and 66.14 at 1 : 5 g/ml and 53.88, 64.84 and 100.00 at 1 : 2.5 g/ml with Indian neem. However, Mexican marigold was also effective at highest concentration (1 : 2.5 g/ml) and reduced 96.38 per centL. erysimi. All the treatments of plant leaf extracts showed insecticidal activity, but Indian neem followed by Mexican marigold reduced the aphid population to a great extent.
Effect Of Microwave Radiation And Cold Storage On Tribolium Castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) And Sitophilus Oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Gasemzadeh Somayyeh , Pourmirza Ali , Safaralizadeh Mohammad , Maroufpoor Mustafa 
Published: July 2010

Effect Of Microwave Radiation And Cold Storage OnTribolium CastaneumHerbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) AndSitophilus OryzaeL. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)The combined impact of microwave radiation and cold storage onTribolium castaneumHerbst andSitophilus oryzaeL. adults either continuously or intermittently was evaluated. The insects were exposed to 2 450 MHz at power level of 100 W for exposure time 10 min, continuously and intermittently. In all experiments, the highest rate of mortality was achieved for exposure time 10 min intermittently and 72 h cold storage duration. Intermittent exposures were generally more effective in killing insects of both species compared with those of continuous irradiation. Combinations of microwave radiation and cold storage were found highly compatible and synergistic. The synergistic interaction indicates that microwave radiation can be used with cold storage for management ofT. castaneumandS. oryzaeadult developmental stage. This treatment could provide an effective and friendly environmental treatment technique in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) program.
Bronze Bug Thaumastocoris Peregrinus Carpintero and Dellapé (Hemiptera: Thaumastocoridae) on Eucalyptus in Brazil and its Distribution
Authors: Wilcken Carlos , Soliman Everton , de Sá Luiz , Barbosa Leonardo , Ribeiro Dias Thaíse , Ferreira-Filho Pedro , Rodrigues Oliveira Ricardo 
Published: July 2010

Bronze Bug Thaumastocoris Peregrinus Carpintero and Dellapé (Hemiptera: Thaumastocoridae) on Eucalyptus in Brazil and its DistributionThe bronze bugThaumastocoris peregrinusCarpintero & Dellapé (Hemiptera: Thaumastocoridae) was detected infestingEucalyptustrees in Brazil in 2008, in the states of Sao Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul and Minas Gerais and in 2009 was found in the state of Espírito Santo, Mato Grosso do Sul, Rio de Janeiro and Paraná. Details about geographical spread, means of introduction, impact inEucalyptusplantations and natural enemies observed in the field are discussed.
The Complement Inhibitors Crry and Factor H Are Critical for Preventing Autologous Complement Activation on Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells
Authors: Renner Brandon , Coleman Kathrin , Goldberg Ryan , Amura Claudia , Holland-Neidermyer Amanda , Pierce Kathryn , Orth Heather N. , Molina Hector , Ferreira Viviana P. , Cortes Claudio , Pangburn Michael K. , Holers V. Michael , Thurman Joshua M. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Congenital and acquired deficiencies of complement regulatory proteins are associated with pathologic complement activation in several renal diseases. To elucidate the mechanisms by which renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) control the complement system, we examined the expression of complement regulatory proteins by the cells. We found that Crry is the only membrane-bound complement regulator expressed by murine TECs, and its expression is concentrated on the basolateral surface. Consistent with the polarized localization of Crry, less complement activation was observed when the basolateral surface of TECs was exposed to serum than when the apical surface was exposed. Furthermore, greater complement activation occurred when the basolateral surface of TECs from Crry−/−fB−/− mice was exposed to normal serum compared with TECs from wild-type mice. Complement activation on the apical and basolateral surfaces was also greater when factor H, an alternative pathway regulatory protein found in serum, was blocked from interacting with the cells. Finally, we injected Crry−/−fB−/− and Crry+/+fB−/− mice with purified factor B (an essential protein of the alternative pathway). Spontaneous complement activation was seen on the tubules of Crry−/−fB−/− mice after injection with factor B, and the mice developed acute tubular injury. These studies indicate that factor H and Crry regulate complement activation on the basolateral surface of TECs and that factor H regulates complement activation on the apical surface. However, congenital deficiency of Crry or reduced expression of the protein on the basolateral surface of injured cells permits spontaneous complement activation and tubular injury.
Tumor Cell-Released TLR4 Ligands Stimulate Gr-1+CD11b+F4/80+ Cells to Induce Apoptosis of Activated T Cells
Authors: Liu Yan-Yan , Sun Ling-Cong , Wei Jing-Jing , Li Dong , Yuan Ye , Yan Bin , Liang Zhi-Hui , Zhu Hui-Fen , Xu Yong , Li Bo , Song Chuan-Wang , Liao Sheng-Jun , Lei Zhang , Zhang Gui-Mei , Feng Zuo-Hua 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Gr-1+CD11b+F4/80+ cells play important roles in tumor development and have a negative effect on tumor immunotherapy. So far, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of their immunosuppressive phenotype by classical and alternative macrophage activation stimuli are not well elucidated. In this study, we found that molecules from necrotic tumor cells (NTC-Ms) stimulated Gr-1+CD11b+F4/80+ cells to induce apoptosis of activated T cells but not nonstimulated T cells. The apoptosis-inducing capacity was determined by higher expression levels of arginase I and IL-10 relative to those of NO synthase 2 and IL-12 in Gr-1+CD11b+F4/80+ cells, which were induced by NTC-Ms through TLR4 signaling. The apoptosis-inducing capacity of NTC-Ms–stimulated Gr-1+CD11b+F4/80+ cells could be enhanced by IL-10. IFN-γ may reduce the apoptosis-inducing capacity of Gr-1+CD11b+F4/80+ cells only if their response to IFN-γ was not attenuated. However, the potential of Gr-1+CD11b+F4/80+ cells to express IL-12 in response to IFN-γ could be attenuated by tumor, partially due to the existence of active STAT3 in Gr-1+CD11b+F4/80+ cells and NTC-Ms from tumor. In this situation, IFN-γ could not effectively reduce the apoptosis-inducing capacity of Gr-1+CD11b+F4/80+ cells. Tumor immunotherapy with 4-1BBL/soluble programmed death-1 may significantly reduce, but not abolish the apoptosis-inducing capacity of Gr-1+CD11b+F4/80+ cells in local microenvironment. Blockade of TLR4 signaling could further reduce the apoptosis-inducing capacity of Gr-1+CD11b+F4/80+ cells and enhance the suppressive effect of 4-1BBL/soluble form of programmed death-1 on tumor growth. These findings indicate the relationship of distinct signaling pathways with apoptosis-inducing capacity of Gr-1+CD11b+F4/80+ cells and emphasize the importance of blocking TLR4 signaling to prevent the induction of T cell apoptosis by Gr-1+CD11b+F4/80+ cells.
Roles for TGF-β and Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 1 in Regulatory T Cell Expansion and Diabetes Suppression by Zymosan in Nonobese Diabetic Mice
Authors: Burton Oliver T. , Zaccone Paola , Phillips Jenny M. , De La Peña Hugo , Fehérvári Zoltán , Azuma Miyuki , Gibbs Sarah , Stockinger Brigitta , Cooke Anne 
Published: July 2010

AbstractZymosan is a complex fungal component shown to be capable of both promoting and suppressing the development of autoimmune disorders in mice. In this study, we show that a single injection of zymosan just prior to diabetes onset can significantly delay the progression of disease in NOD mice. Zymosan treatment of NOD mice induced the production of biologically active TGF-β from cells infiltrating the pancreas and was associated with expansion of programmed cell death 1 ligand 1+TGF-β+ macrophages and Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in vivo. Neutralization of either TGF-β or programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 abrogated the protective effects of zymosan. Zymosan acted through TLR2 as well as ERK and p38 MAPK to induce macrophage secretion of TGF-β and promotion of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in vitro and in vivo.
Prediction and management of a low‐lying costal arch which restricts the operative working space during laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Tajima Yoshitsugu , Kuroki Tamotsu , Kitasato Amane , Adachi Tomohiko , Kosaka Taiichiro , Okamoto Tatsuya , Fujita Fumihiko , Kanetaka Kengo , Susumu Seiya , Mochizuki Satoshi , Torashima Yasuhiro , Kanematsu Takashi 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackground/purposeLaparoscopic cholecystectomy is difficult to perform in patients with a low‐lying costal arch that entirely covers the liver. We conducted this study to clarify the factors related to a low‐lying costal arch and establish countermeasures to circumvent this characteristic.MethodsThe study included 103 consecutive patients who underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The possible clinical factors associated with a low‐lying costal arch restricting the operative working space were analyzed. The position of the liver against the costal arch and the presumed surgical visual angle for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, comprising the hepatic porta, umbilicus, and costal arch, were estimated with abdominal multidetector computed tomography (MDCT).ResultsSeven (7%) patients had a low‐lying costal arch presenting an inadequate exposure of Calot's triangle and restricted instrument mobility during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and three patients required conversion to a laparotomy. A low‐lying costal arch was significantly associated with advanced age, shorter stature, lighter body weight, coexisting kyphoscoliosis, gallbladder pathology, laparotomy conversion, and most of all, the liver edge lying above the costal arch and a narrow surgical visual angle upon MDCT. Of the seven patients with a critical low‐lying costal arch, four underwent a successful laparoscopic cholecystectomy, this being done by lifting the right costal arch to create a workable surgical field; the rib‐lifting procedure was planned as part of the scheduled procedure in the other three patients because the preoperative MDCT examination indicated a poor working space for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy.ConclusionsA low‐lying costal arch is a substantial risk factor for conversion to a laparotomy when performing a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. However, the operative difficulty related to a low‐lying costal arch can be predicted by using preoperative MDCT images and can be managed with proper planning and the appropriate use of the rib‐lifting technique.