bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Practical Routes to Chiral Phospholanes
Authors: Kadyrov Renat , Monsees Axel 
Published: October 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Rearrangements in the Construction of Complex Molecules
Authors: Overman Larry E. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Dendritic DNA Building Blocks for Amplified Detection Assays and Biomaterials.
Authors: Feldkamp Udo , Sacca Barbara , Niemeyer Christof M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Ultrathin and Single‐Crystalline Au Nanowires
Authors: Wang Chao , Sun Shouheng 
Published: October 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fine antigenic variation within H5N1 influenza virus hemagglutinin's antigenic sites defined by yeast cell surface display
Authors: Li Jian , Wang Yadi , Liang Yunfei , Ni Bing , Wan Ying , Liao Zhiyong , Chan Kwok‐hong , Yuen Kwok‐yung , Fu Xiaolan , Shang Xiaoyun , Wang Shufeng , Yi Dong , Guo Botao , Di Biao , Wang Ming , Che Xiaoyan , Wu Yuzhang 
Published: October 2009

AbstractFifteen strains of mAb specific for HA of the A/Hong Kong/482/97 (H5N1) influenza virus were generated. The HA antigenic sites of the human A/Hong Kong/482/97 (H5N1) influenza virus were defined by using yeast cell surface‐displaying system and anti‐H5 HA mAb. Evolution analysis of H5 HA identified residues that exhibit diversifying selection in the antigenic sites and demonstrated surprising differences between residue variation of H5 HA and H3 HA. A conserved neutralizing epitope in the H5 HA protein recognized by mAb H5M9 was found using viruses isolated from 1997–2006. Seven single amino acid substitutions were introduced into the HA antigenic sites, respectively, and the alteration of antigenicity was assessed. The structure obtained by homology‐modeling and molecular dynamic methods showed that a subtle substitution at residue 124 propagates throughout its nearby loop (152–159). We discuss how the structural changes caused by point mutation might explain the altered antigenicity of the HA protein. The results demonstrate the existence of immunodominant positions in the H5 HA protein, alteration of these residues might improve the immunogenicity of vaccine strains.
Single End‐to‐End Azidocopper(II) Chain Based on an Electroactive Ligand: A Structural, Electrochemical, Magnetic and Ab Initio Study
Authors: Pilet Guillaume , Médebielle Maurice , Tommasino Jean‐Bernard , Chastanet Guillaume , Le Guennic Boris , Train Cyrille 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBy combining azide and the (Z)‐1,1,1‐trifluoro‐4‐(quinolin‐8‐ylamino)but‐3‐en‐2‐one enaminone ligand, HL, an azido‐bridged copper(II) one dimensional polymer was synthesized in a one‐pot reaction. The solved and refined crystal structure evidenced the unusual single and asymmetric end‐to‐end coordination mode of the azide ion. The redox properties of this complex were studied by cyclic voltammetry, andoxidation of the azido bridge was evidenced. Magneticmeasurements, combined with magnetostructural‐driven analysis revealed a weak ferromagnetic interaction between the copper(II) ions within the N3–‐bridged chains, complemented by an antiferromagnetic interaction between the chains mediated by π–π interactions. A survey of the scarce literature of single end‐to‐end azido bridges, associated with quantum chemical ab initio calculations, was carried out to tentatively identify the relevant parameters driving the weak intrachain exchange interaction.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Convenient Synthesis of N‐Terminal Tfm‐Dipeptides from Unprotected Enantiopure α‐Tfm‐Proline and α‐Tfm‐Alanine
Authors: Chaume Grégory , Lensen Nathalie , Caupène Caroline , Brigaud Thierry 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA convenient procedure for the synthesis of highly lipophilic dipeptide building blocks from enantiopure α‐trifluoromethyl α‐amino acids is reported. Coupling reactions at the C termini of the trifluoromethyl α‐amino acids were successfully performed with totally unprotected amino acids without formation of diketopiperazines. The synthesis of a tripeptide through a coupling reaction at the deactivated N‐terminal position was achieved. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Toward a better understanding of the justice judgment process: The influence of fair and unfair events on state justice sensitivity
Authors: Wijn Remco , van den Bos Kees 
Published: October 2009

AbstractPeople differ in the way they regard justice. Although some people may be relatively unaffected by justice issues, many others regard justice as a very important concept and react to it accordingly. Prior research suggests that this sensitivity to justice is a stable personality trait. In three studies, we show that (compared to neutral events) experiencing just and unjust events (directed toward the self or others) can elevate state levels of justice sensitivity. We discuss the implications of these findings, including the notion how these results can lead to a better understanding of the justice judgment process. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation and evaluation of the highly cross‐linked poly(1‐hexadecane‐co‐trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate) monolithic column for capillary electrochromatography
Authors: Lu Minghua , Feng Qiang , Lu Qiaomei , Cai Zongwei , Zhang Lan , Chen Guonan 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn this paper, a novel highly cross‐linked porous monolithic stationary phase having a long alkyl chain ligand (C16) was introduced and evaluated in CEC. The monolithic stationary phase was prepared by in situ copolymerization of 1‐hexadecene, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, and 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) in the presence of ternary porogenic solvent (cyclohexanol/1,4‐butanediol/water). In preparing monoliths, the ternary cross‐linker trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate was usually applied to preparing molecularly imprinted polymers or molecularly imprinted solid‐phase extraction, instead of binary cross‐linker ethylene dimethacrylate. 1‐Hexadecene was introduced to provide the non‐polar sites (C16) for chromatographic retention, while AMPS was used to generate the EOF for transporting the mobile phase through the monolithic capillary. Monolithic columns were prepared by optimizing proportion of porogenic solvent and AMPS content in the polymerization solution as well as the cross‐linkers. The monolithic stationary phases could generate a strong and stable EOF in various pH values and exhibit an RP‐chromatographic behavior for neutral compounds. For charged compounds, the separation was mainly based on the association of hydrophobic, electrostatic and electrophoretic interaction.
Vokabeln, die nicht vergehen
Authors: Stötzel Georg , Eitz Thorsten 
Published: October 2009

AbstractVon „Anschluss”︁ bis „Reichs‐Kristallnacht”︁: Ein Wörterbuch der Vergangenheitsbewältigung trägt zusammen, wie „belastete”︁ Begriffe seit 1945 öffentlich gebraucht werden
Role of matrix metalloproteinases in epithelial migration
Authors: Chen Peter , Parks William C. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn response to injury, epithelial cells migrate across the denuded tissue to rapidly close the wound and restore barrier, thereby preventing the entry of pathogens and leakage of fluids. Efficient, proper migration requires a range of processes, acting both inside and out of the cell. Among the extracellular responses is the expression of various matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Though long thought to ease cell migration simply by breaking down matrix barriers, findings from various models demonstrate that MMPs facilitate (and sometimes repress) cell movement by other means, such as affecting the state of cell–matrix interactions or proliferation. In this Prospect, we review some key data indicting how specific MMPs function via their activity as proteinases to control closure of epithelial wounds. J. Cell. Biochem. 108: 1233–1243, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of rosmarinic acid in motor dysfunction and life span in a mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Shimojo Yosuke , Kosaka Kunio , Noda Yoshihiro , Shimizu Takahiko , Shirasawa Takuji 
Published: October 2009

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a late‐onset progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons. About 2% of patients with the disease are associated with mutations in the gene encoding Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1). The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of rosemary extract and its major constituents, rosmarinic acid (RA) and carnosic acid (CA), in human SOD1 G93A transgenic mice, which are well‐established mouse models for ALS. The present study demonstrates that intraperitoneal administration of rosemary extract or RA from the presymptomatic stage significantly delayed motor dysfunction in paw grip endurance tests, attenuated the degeneration of motor neurons, and extended the life span of ALS model mice. In addition, RA administration significantly improved the clinical score and suppressed body weight loss compared with a vehicle‐treated group. In conclusion, this study provides the first report that rosemary extract and, especially, RA have preventive effects in the mouse model of ALS. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enzymatic–nonenzymatic cellular antioxidant defense systems response and immunohistochemical detection of MDMA, VMAT2, HSP70, and apoptosis as biomarkers for MDMA (Ecstasy) neurotoxicity
Authors: Riezzo Irene , Cerretani Daniela , Fiore Carmela , Bello Stefania , Centini Fabio , D'Errico Stefano , Fiaschi Anna Ida , Giorgi Giorgio , Neri Margherita , Pomara Cristoforo , Turillazzi Emanuela , Fineschi Vittorio 
Published: October 2009

Abstract3,4‐Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)‐induced neurotoxicity leads to the formation of quinone metabolities and hydroxyl radicals and then to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We evaluated the effect of a single dose of MDMA (20 mg/kg, i.p.) on the enzymatic and nonenzymatic cellular antioxidant defense system in different areas of rat brain in the early hours (<6 hr) of the administration itself, and we identified the morphological expressions of neurotoxicity induced by MDMA on the vulnerable brain areas in the first 24 hr. The acute administration of MDMA produces a decrease of reduced and oxidized glutathione ratio, and antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly reduced after 3 hr and after 6 hr in frontal cortex. Ascorbic acid levels strongly increased in striatum, hippocampus, and frontal cortex after 3 and 6 hr. High levels of malonaldehyde with respect to control were measured in striatum after 3 and 6 hr and in hippocampus and frontal cortex after 6 hr. An immunohistochemical investigation on the frontal, thalamic, hypothalamic, and striatal areas was performed. A strong positive reaction to the antivesicular monoamine transporter 2 was observed in the frontal section, in the basal ganglia and thalamus. Cortical positivity, located in the most superficial layer was revealed only for heat shock protein 70 after 24 hr. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stromal cell‐secreted factors promote the survival of embryonic stem cell‐derived early neural stem/progenitor cells via the activation of MAPK and PI3K‐Akt pathways
Authors: Ishii Seiji , Okada Yohei , Kadoya Toshihiko , Matsuzaki Yumi , Shimazaki Takuya , Okano Hideyuki 
Published: October 2009

AbstractNeural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs) have been studied extensively with the hope of using them clinically to repair the damaged central nervous system. However, little is known about the signals that regulate the proliferation, survival, and differentiation of NS/PCs in early development. To clarify the underlying mechanisms, we took advantage of an in vitro ES cell differentiation system from which we can obtain neurospheres containing NS/PCs with characteristics of the early caudal neural tube, by treating embryoid bodies (EBs) with a low concentration of retinoic acid (RA). We found that conditioned medium from the PA6 stromal cell line (PA6CM) increased the efficiency of neurosphere formation by suppressing apoptosis and promoting the survival of the NS/PCs. PA6CM also induced the phosphorylation of Erk1/2 and Akt1 in cells derived from the EBs. Furthermore, inhibitors of the MAPK and PI3K‐Akt signaling pathways, U0126 and LY294002, attenuated the effects of PA6CM, significantly increasing the number of apoptotic cells and decreasing the number of viable cells among the ES cell‐derived NS/PCs. Thus, PA6CM appears to contain soluble factors that promote the survival of ES cell‐derived early NS/PCs through the activation of the MAPK and PI3K‐Akt pathways. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Down‐regulation of diacylglycerol lipase‐α during neural stem cell differentiation: Identification of elements that regulate transcription
Authors: Walker Deborah J. , Suetterlin Philipp , Reisenberg Melina , Williams Gareth , Doherty Patrick 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe diacylglycerol lipases (DAGLα and DAGLβ) synthesize 2‐arachidonoylglycerol (2‐AG), a full agonist at cannabinoid receptors. Dynamic regulation of DAGL expression underpins its role in axonal growth and guidance during development, retrograde synaptic signalling at mature synapses, and maintenance of adult neurogenesis. We show here that DAGLα expression is dramatically down‐regulated when neural stem (NS) cells are differentiated toward a γ‐aminobutyric acidergic neuronal phenotype. To understand how DAGLα expression might be controlled, we sought to identify the core promoter region and regulatory elements within it. The core promoter was identified and shown to contain both an enhancer and a suppressor region. Deletion analysis identified two elements, including a GC‐box, that specifically promote expression in NS cells. Bioinformatic analysis identified three candidate transcription factors that might regulate DAGLα expression in NS cells by binding to the GC box; these were specificity protein 1 (Sp1), early growth response element 1 (EGR1), and zinc finger DNA‐binding protein 89 (ZBP‐89). However, Sp1 was the only factor that could bind to the GC‐box. A specific mutation within the GC‐box that inhibited Sp1 binding reduced DAGLα promoter activity in NS cells. Likewise, a dominant negative Sp1 was shown to bind to the GC‐box and to suppress DAGLα promoter activity specifically in NS cells. Finally, like DAGLα, Sp1 was down‐regulated during neuronal differentiation. A full characterization of the DAGLα promoter will help to elucidate the upstream pathways that regulate DAGLα expression in NS cells and their progeny. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Screening ofPenicilliumspecies for occurrence of lectins and their characterization
Authors: Singh Ram Sarup , Sharma Sonia , Kaur Gagandeep , Bhari Ranjeeta 
Published: October 2009

AbstractOut of 15Penicilliumspecies screened for lectin activities,P. griseofulvumandP. thomiiwere found to possess mycelial lectin activity. None of the species displayed extracellular or cell surface‐bound lectin activity. Both species agglutinated rabbit erythrocytes.P. griseofulvumlectin showed specificity to human type O erythrocytes. WhileP. thomiilectin specifically agglutinated human type A erythrocytes. Highest lectin activities fromP. thomiiandP. griseofulvumwere expressed after 8 and 7 days of growth, respectively. Lectins from both the species displayed a high binding affinity to chondroitin‐6‐sulphate, mucin, asialofetuin, D‐sucrose, and D‐trehalose. Ammonium sulphate at 50% saturation yielded 80% of the total lectin activity. Dialysis and ultrafiltration of the precipitates resulted in 1.79 and 3.46 fold purification ofP. griseofulvumandP. thomiilectins, respectively. Both lectins showed pH optima between 7.0–8.0 and were stable near the neutral pH after 2 h.P. thomiilectin exhibited optimal activity at 35–40 °C, andP. griseofulvumlectin at 30–40 °C.P. thomiilectin showed a complete loss of activity above 40 °C,P. griseofulvumlectin was stable at or below 35 °C. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Diversity of endophytic yeasts from sweet orange and their localization by scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Gai Cláudia Santos , Lacava Paulo Teixeira , Maccheroni Walter , Glienke Chirlei , Araújo Welington Luiz , Miller Thomas Albert , Azevedo João Lúcio 
Published: October 2009

AbstractEndophytes are microorganisms that colonize plant tissues internally without causing harm to the host. Despite the increasing number of studies on sweet orange pathogens and endophytes, yeast has not been described as a sweet orange endophyte. In the present study, endophytic yeasts were isolated from sweet orange plants and identified by sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rRNA. Plants sampled from four different sites in the state of São Paulo, Brazil exhibited different levels of CVC (citrus variegated chlorosis) development. Three citrus endophytic yeasts (CEYs), chosen as representative examples of the isolates observed, were identified asRhodotorula mucilaginosa,Pichia guilliermondiiandCryptococcus flavescens.These strains were inoculated into axenicCitrus sinensisseedlings. After 45 days, endophytes were re‐isolated in populations ranging from 106to 109CFU/g of plant tissue, but, in spite of the high concentrations of yeast cells, no disease symptoms were observed. Colonized plant material was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and yeast cells were found mainly in the stomata and xylem of plants, reinforcing their endophytic nature.P. guilliermondiiwas isolated primarily from plants colonized by the causal agent of CVC,Xylella fastidiosa. The supernatant from a culture ofP. guilliermondiiincreased thein vitrogrowth ofX. fastidiosa, suggesting that the yeast could assist in the establishment of this pathogen in its host plant and, therefore, contribute to the development of disease symptoms. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A gridded hourly precipitation dataset for Switzerland using rain‐gauge analysis and radar‐based disaggregation
Authors: Wüest Marc , Frei Christoph , Altenhoff Adrian , Hagen Martin , Litschi Michael , Schär Christoph 
Published: October 2009

AbstractRain gauges and weather radars both constitute important devices for operational precipitation monitoring. Gauges provide accurate yet spotty precipitation estimates, while radars offer high temporal and spatial resolution yet at a limited absolute accuracy. We propose a simple methodology to combine radar and daily rain‐gauge data to build up a precipitation dataset with hourly resolution covering a climatological time period. The methodology starts from a daily precipitation analysis, derived from a dense rain‐gauge network. A sequence of hourly radar analyses is then used to disaggregate the daily analyses. The disaggregation is applied such as to retain the daily precipitation totals of the rain‐gauge analysis, in order to reduce the impact of quantitative radar biases. Hence, only the radar's advantage in terms of temporal resolution is exploited. In this article the disaggregation method is applied to derive a 15‐year gridded precipitation dataset at hourly resolution for Switzerland at a spatial resolution of 2 km. Validation of this dataset indicates that errors in hourly intensity and frequency are lower than 25% on average over the Swiss Plateau. In Alpine valleys, however, errors are typically larger due to shielding effects of the radar and the corresponding underestimation of precipitation periods by the disaggregation. For the flatland areas of the Swiss Plateau, the new dataset offers an interesting quantitative description of high‐frequency precipitation variations suitable for climatological analyses of heavy events, the evaluation of numerical weather forecasting models and the calibration/operation of hydrological runoff models. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
Seasonal prediction of monsoon rainfall in three Asian river basins: the importance of snow cover on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Immerzeel W. W. , Bierkens M. F. P 
Published: October 2009

AbstractEmpirical and numerical studies aiming at predicting inter‐annual monsoon variability have thus far shown limited predictive capability. In this study, we develop a spatially explicit seasonal prediction methodology for south‐west Asian monsoon (SWM) rainfall in the river basins of the Indus, Brahmaputra and Ganges, using multiple regression linear models in combination with satellite‐derived snow cover. We show that the use of recent time series of remotely sensed snow cover, in combination with indices of global ocean and atmospheric modes (ENSO, NAO), can predict average monsoon precipitation with reasonable accuracy and with greater accuracy in specific regions. Maps of the relative contribution of predictor variables to the regression model show that the spring snow cover on the Tibetan plateau is the most important predictor of monsoon precipitation, especially in inland regions. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
New registration algorithm for determining 3D knee kinematics using CT and single‐plane fluoroscopy with improved out‐of‐plane translation accuracy
Authors: Scarvell Jennifer M. , Pickering Mark R. , Smith Paul N. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractTo understand the kinematic effects of surgery, arthroplasty or conservative treatments, a noninvasive system to capture accurate 3D imaging of functional activities in prospective, controlled studies is required. To provide such a technique, a new algorithm was developed to register 3D CT data of normal bones to the same bones in a 2D fluoroscopy frame. The algorithm produces a digitally reconstructed radiograph (DRR) from the CT data and then filters this to produce an edge‐enhanced image. The resulting image is then registered with an edge‐enhanced version of the fluoroscopy frame using a new similarity measure called Cross‐Correlation Residual Entropy (CCRE). The system was evaluated by implanting tantalum beads into three cadaveric knees to act as fiducial markers. The knees were flexed between 0° and 70°, and single‐plane fluoroscopy data of the knees were acquired. CT data of the femur and tibia were then individually registered to the fluoroscopy images. No significant measurement bias was observed, and the standard deviation of the error in bead positions was 0.38 mm for in‐plane translation and 0.42 degrees for rotation. To determine the accuracy of the registration algorithm for out‐of‐plane translations, fluoroscopy frames were scaled in size by fixed increments; the average standard deviation of the errors for out‐of‐plane translation was 0.65 mm. The ability to obtain such accurate 3D motion data from a noninvasive technique will enable prospective, longitudinal, and controlled studies of reconstruction surgery, and conservative management of joint pathologies. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:334–340, 2010