bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large Pituitary Gland Adenomas Evaluated with Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Kaufman Benjamin , Kaufman Bruce A. , Arafah Baha'Uddin M. , Roessmann Uros , Selman Warren R. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomographic (CT) scanning, and angiography or digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were used preoperatively to evaluate 16 surgically proven cases of sellar tumor with extrasellar extension. There were 15 pituitary tumors and 1 schwannoma. The capabilities of MRI in evaluating these tumors were compared with CT scanning and angiography. Bone destruction and tumor calcification were better detected by CT scanning than by MRI. MRI was as effective as CT scanning in detecting a cyst or variation in tumor consistency. Neither MRI nor CT scanning was capable of distinguishing specific tumor types. In every case, MRI was superior to CT scanning for delineating spatial relationships of the tumor to the 3rd ventricle, the optic apparatus, adjacent brain, and parasellar vasculature. Vessel encasement by tumor was clearly seen on MRI when there was no direct indication of this on other studies. Cavernous sinus invasion was not demonstrated by CT scanning, but was indicated by MRI in 5 cases and was surgically confirmed in 3. MRI can provide more precise spatial information on extrasellar tumor extension. Vascular encasement and cavernous sinus invasion may be determined preoperatively. Treatment expectations and operative approaches can be guided by this information. When MRI is available, it is the test of choice for the preoperative evaluation of patients with suspected large pituitary gland (sellar region) tumors. Contrast-enhanced CT scanning and angiography can be used as supplementary studies to add information inherently unique to these techniques. (Neurosurgery 21:540-546, 1987)
Spinal Cord Compression from Metastasizing Cicatrial Carcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: Gilling Peter John , MacFarlane Martin Richard , Rhode Jeffrey Charles 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Spinal cord compression from a metastasizing burn scar cancer has not previously been reported. A patient with rapidly progressive paraparesis associated with vertebral collapse and an extradural soft tissue mass of undetermined origin is presented. The clinical history, radiological diagnosis, and histological features of cicatrial carcinoma are discussed along with a brief review of the relevant literature. (Neurosurgery 21:553-557, 1987)
Gliosarcoma with Chromosome Abnormalities in a Neonate Exposed to Heptachlor
Authors: Chadduck William M. , Gollin Susanne M. , Gray Brian A. , Norris James S. , Araoz Carlos A. , Tryka Franci A. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A neonate with a cerebral gliosarcoma was found to have chromosome abnormalities in tissue culture of the tumor, but normal karyotyping of peripheral blood. Similarities to and differences from chromosome abnormalities found in other human gliomas are noted. Unusual exposure of the child to heptachlor during prenatal development and the neonatal period suggests the need for further studies on the role of toxins in oncogenesis. (Neurosurgery 21:557-559, 1987)
Solitary Eosinophilic Granuloma of the Frontal Lobe
Authors: Penar Paul L. , Kim Jung H. , Chyatte Douglas 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Solitary intracranial eosinophilic granulomas are rare and most frequently involve the hypothalamus. We report an unusual case of solitary eosinophilic granuloma of the frontal lobe in a patient without evidence of systemic disease. Previously reported cases of solitary intracranial nonhypothalamic lesions are reviewed, and the clinical, radiographic, and histological features of this case are discussed.
Fixation System for Cervical Spinal Operation: Application of the Head Fixation System and Multipurpose Cervical Frame
Authors: Kyoshima Kazuhiko , Kobayashi Shigeaki , Sugita Kenichiro 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
We have designed a multipurpose cervical frame to use with our operative head fixation system and have used it in 60 cervical spinal operations including anterior, posterior, lateral, and transoral approaches, with satisfactory results. We emphasize the following advantages of this system: (a) Both stability and an exact position of the cervical spine can be maintained during operation. (b) Positioning of patients for operation, including those with a halo vest, is efficiently carried out with safety and ease. (c) Our newly designed cervical frame enables exact and refined intraoperative retraction with various kinds of retractors. (d) When microsurgery is performed, the surgeon can sit at the patient's head in an operating chair.
Long Term Results of Ruptured Aneurysms Treated by Coating
Authors: Minakawa Takashi , Koike Tetsuo , Fujii Yukihiko , Ishii Ryoji , Tanaka Ryuichi , Arai Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
We report the long term results of the treatment of 23 intracranial ruptured aneurysms by coating. Twenty-three patients treated by coating were followed for a mean period of 11.2 years. The mean interval between the last hemorrhage and the operation was 22.4 days. Ten aneurysms underwent total coating, 9 with Biobond and 1 with Aron Alpha. Thirteen aneurysms underwent partial coating, 11 with Biobond and 2 with Aron Alpha. Six aneurysms were reinforced partially by other materials, but no aneurysm was wrapped totally with these materials. Rebleeding occurred in 6 patients, of whom 5 died. The mean interval between coating and rebleeding was 4 years. All patients suffering rebleeding had been treated with Biobond, and 3 patients had undergone total coating of aneurysms. The risk of recurrent hemorrhage after total coating with Biobond was 33%. One rebleeding patient underwent a second operation 10.5 years after total coating of the aneurysm. Biobond was found only at the tip of the aneurysmal sac. From these results, reinforcement of ruptured aneurysms with Biobond seems to be of little value, and a more reliable method must be developed for aneurysms that cannot be clipped. (Neurosurgery 21:660-663, 1987)
Are Flash-evoked Visual Potentials Useful for Intraoperative Monitoring of Visual Pathway Function?
Authors: Cedzich Cornelia , Schramm Johannes , Fahlbusch Rudolf 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Flash-evoked visual potentials (VEPs) recorded from the scalp were used in a series of 35 patients with tumors along the visual pathway: 3 orbital tumors, 25 perisellar tumors, 4 intraventricular tumors, and 3 occipital lesions. Preoperatively, various combinations of impaired visual fields and visual acuity were observed in over 90% of the patients. A postoperative decrease in visual function was observed in 3 cases. Of the 25 perisellar lesions, 13 were operated through a standard frontotemporal craniotomy and 12 were operated through a transnasal-transsphenoidal approach. VEPs were highly susceptible to volatile anesthetics, and there was a significant incidence of spontaneous latency increases and amplitude decreases in a large number of patients. There was an unacceptably high number of cases with significant VEP alteration occurring without concomitant visual function change. During trepanation or the transnasal approach, a reversible potential loss was observed in 11 patients, a profoundly altered wave form was seen in 8 cases, and a loss of single peaks was observed in 15 patients. During dissection of the tumor, a reversible potential loss or a potential with unidentifiable peaks was found in 25 cases; however, the VEPs recovered during closure or in the recovery room. There was no correlation between intraoperative VEP changes and the postoperative changes in visual function. In only 1 patient with an insignificant postoperative decrease in visual acuity from 0.4 to 0.3 was there a concomitant intraoperative potential loss. The major conclusion of our findings is that light-emitting diode flash-evoked VEPs demonstrate intraoperative changes that appear too early and too prominently to be caused solely by manipulation of the optic pathways. Therefore, light-emitting diode flash-evoked potentials do not seem to be a suitable instrument for the intraoperative monitoring of visual pathway function. (Neurosurgery 21:709-715, 1987)
Isolated Histiocytosis X of the Pituitary Gland: Case Report
Authors: Nishio Shunji , Mizuno Junichi , Barrow Daniel L. , Takei Yoshio , Tindall George T. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The authors describe a case of a granuloma of histiocytosis X localized in the pituitary gland. The patient presented with diabetes insipidus and hyperprolactinemia. The diagnosis was established by surgical removal of the pituitary lesion through a transsphenoidal approach. The clinical and pathological aspects of the case are discussed. (Neurosurgery 21:718-721, 1987)
Epidural Lipomatosis Simulating an Epidural Abscess: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Haid Regis W. , Kaufman Howard H. , Schochet Sydney S. , Marano Gary D. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A case of epidural lipomatosis in a 49-year-old man presenting with paraparesis, midthoracic pain, and Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia is reported. The patient had been on low dose corticosteroid therapy for 7 years for rheumatoid arthritis. The clinical and myelographic findings suggested a diagnosis of epidural abscess, but the only abnormality discovered at operation was abundant fatty tissue in the dorsal epidural space significantly compressing the spinal cord, and this was partially removed. Postoperative neurological improvement suggested that the lipomatosis was responsible for the spinal cord compression and dysfunction. If this diagnosis had been suspected, it might have been confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging or postmyelography computed tomographic scanning. With such a diagnosis, an alternative treatment could have been to decrease the steroid dose, observe for clinical improvement, and perhaps avoid operation. (Neurosurgery 21:744-747, 1987)
Posterolateral Extradural Approach for Total Excision of Lateral Thoracic Meningocele: Technical Report
Authors: Chee Chee Pin 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The author describes a posterolateral extradural approach for total excision of small to moderate symptomatic lateral thoracic meningoceles. Its advantages over the classical laminectomy, intradural repair, and thoracotomy excision are discussed.
Surgical Management of Children with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Mass Lesions
Authors: Drake J. , Hoffman Harold J. , Kobayashi J. , Hwang P. , Becker L.E. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
In a review of 48 children who underwent temporal lobectomy for temporal lobe epilepsy, 16 patients had mass lesions in the temporal lobe. These mass lesions consisted of 12 tumors, 3 vascular malformations, and 1 arachnoid cyst. In 9 of 10 patients where the hippocampus was present in the pathological specimen and was not involved by tumor, there was concomitant mesial temporal sclerosis. All 16 patients have been followed for more than 1 year. Nine are free of seizures, with 4 of these 9 still on medication. Seven patients have had a greater than 50% reduction in seizures.
Epidermoid Cysts and Cholesterol Granulomas Centered on the Posterior Fossa: Twenty Years of Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Sabin Howard Ian , Bordi Lorenzo Tommaso , Symon Lindsay 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The clinical features, diagnosis, and management of 23 posterior fossa epidermoid cysts and 9 petrous apex lesions presenting to one unit over a period of 20 years are summarized. Of the epidermoid cysts, 13 were entirely infratentorial, but the other 10 had an additional supratentorial component. Presenting symptoms and signs were usually long-standing and at onset had often been vague and nonspecific. With time, however, a variety of neurological deficits that depended on the site of the lesion developed. These were generally combinations of cerebellopontine (CP) angle and jugular foramen syndromes, deafness, facial palsy, and motor weakness. Diagnostic procedures have changed greatly over the review period. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging have replaced air encephalography and contrast ventriculography. The better preoperative localization of these lesions allows rational planning of the surgical approach required for optimal tumor exposure, which is essential for any attempt at total excision, considering the large size of the majority of these tumors when diagnosed. We favor operation through a posterior fossa craniectomy for those tumors restricted to the CP angle or 4th ventricle, but routinely use a combined supra- and infratentorial approach if the lesion has a more rostral component. The infiltrating nature of epidermoid cysts within the cranium compromises the extent of excision if neurological deficit is not to be increased, but we attempt as complete an excision of tumor and capsule as possible in the hope that many years will pass before symptoms recur. Cholesterol granulomas seem to respond well to simple cavity drainage and have shown no tendency to recur.
Monitoring of Transient Central Nervous System Postirradiation Effects by 133Xe Inhalation Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Measurements
Authors: Hylton Phillip D. , Reichman Howard O. , Palutsis Roberta 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The early transient postirradiation effects in the central nervous system are well known; however, no specific means of objective follow-up have been devised. The xenon (133Xe) inhalation technique for measurement of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) is easily reproducible. Serial rCBF measurements corresponding to the clinical presentation and course of the early postirradiation syndrome have not been previously reported. It is our belief that the global decline in rCBF identified in these patients represents a generalized metabolic derangement induced by whole brain irradiation rather than primary vascular changes. A distinction between tumor recurrence and the early transient postirradiation effects can be made utilizing this technique. It also provides a reproducible monitor of the clinical and metabolic impact of radiotherapy for brain tumors. A series of seven such patients is presented with appropriate case histories and graphic representations of the serial rCBF measurements.
Experience with the Neodymium:Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet Laser in Forty-two Cases
Authors: Wirth Fremont P. , Downing Edward F. , Cannon Clifton L. , Baker Roy P. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser has been utilized in the treatment of 42 cases during the past 2 years at two institutions. The laser was used under investigational permits from the Food and Drug Administration. It was found to be of particular value in the treatment of vascular intracranial tumors, especially meningiomas, and metastatic tumors of the spine. The ability of the laser to shrink and devascularize these tumors was efficacious as a surgical adjunct. Laser treatment of tumor attachments, especially those of meningiomas to the skull base, seemed to be effective in eradication of residual tumor. Long term benefits of such therapy, however, remain unproven. Because of the penetrating ability of the Nd:YAG laser beam, this device must be used with care by surgeons experienced in its use to prevent injury to adjacent structures.
Primary Cerebral Lymphoma in Two Consortial Partners Afflicted with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Authors: Capanna Albert H. , LaMancusa Joseph , Erculei Franco , Fathie Kazem , Christenson Peter , Mulkey David A. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Two consortial partners presented within 3 weeks of one another with signs and symptoms of neurological dysfunction. Both were found to have acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and primary cerebral lymphoma. We found 17 case reports of primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma in AIDS patients. Ten of these cases were described sufficiently to enable analysis. Our 2 cases are unique in that this is the first time primary CNS lymphoma has been reported in sexual partners with AIDS. One case includes the use of magnetic resonance imaging. Both patients underwent craniotomy and received radiation therapy.
Brain Abscesses and Ischemic Necrotic Lesions During Early Childhood
Authors: Tavora Luis , Antunes Lobo J. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The cases of seven children, all under 6 months of age, with cerebral abscesses are presented. In four cases, there was previous meningitis; the others presented with expanding mass lesions. The infectious agent was Proteus in four cases and Escherichia coli and Citrobacter in one each; in another patient, no agent was isolated. In six children, there were multiple areas of ischemic necrosis. In one instance, these areas were in the hemisphere contralateral to the purulent collection. The peculiar clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of brain abscesses in this age group are discussed.
Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia in an Intracranial Cavernous Hemangioma
Authors: Izukawa D. , Lach B. , Benoit B. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A novel presentation of intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia within a cerebral cavernous angioma in an adult is described. The pathogenesis of the lesion and its histological differentiation from malignant angiosarcoma are stressed.
A New Method of Occipitocervical Fusion Using Internal Fixation
Authors: Flint Graham A. , Hockley Anthony D. , McMillan James J. , Thompson Alistair G. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
We describe a method for decompression and fusion of the occipitocervical junction in cases of atlantoaxial subluxation. Use of an implanted steel rectangle provides immediate rigid internal fixation, permitting early mobilization with minimal external support.
Cavernous Carotid Artery Aneurysm Associated with Marfan's Syndrome: Treatment by Balloon Embolization Therapy
Authors: Higashida Randall T. , Van Halbach V. , Hieshima Grant B. , Cahan Leslie 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Intracranial aneurysms arising in the region of the cavernous carotid artery are difficult to manage surgically because of the surrounding cavernous sinus. With recent advances in microballoon technology and permanent solidification agents, it is now possible to treat certain intracranial aneurysms by detachable balloons and preserve the parent vessel. A patient with Marfan's syndrome presented with severe retroorbital pain, ophthalmoplegia, and headaches. Cerebral angiography demonstrated a large cavernous carotid artery aneurysm measuring 17 × 9 × 6 mm. This was successfully treated by placing three detachable balloons within the aneurysm and preserving the carotid artery via a transvascular approach. Intravascular detachable balloon embolization may offer a form of alternative therapy for the management of surgically difficult aneurysms. (Neurosurgery 22:297-300, 1988)
Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Spasmodic Torticollis of 11th Nerve Origin
Authors: Shima Fumio , Fukui Masashi , Kitamura Katsutoshi , Kuromatsu Chiharu , Okamura Tomomi 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Of 22 patients with spasmodic torticollis, 7 were treated by microsurgical decompression of the 11th nerve. In these patients, there was an intermittent horizontal torticollis characterized by aggravation of the symptoms when in a resting posture, presenting with a striking contrast to the torticollis of extrapyramidal origin that was alleviated while in the resting posture and aggravated by postural stress. A tight neurovascular contact was observed at the C1 level, occurring between the principal 11th nerve and the vertebral or posterior inferior cerebellar artery. Nerve decompression was achieved in 2 by transposing the compressing artery and in 5 by sectioning at C1 or C2 the branching root of the 11th nerve that had caused the tight cross contact by locking the nerve trunk to the dura mater. The symptoms had improved after an interval of 1 to 4 weeks. After an average follow-up of 3 years, full or satisfactory relief had been obtained in 5 and some improvement had occurred in 2 patients. Possible neural mechanisms related to torticollis of 11th nerve origin are discussed. (Neurosurgery 22:358-363, 1988)
Return of Gonadal Function with Resection of Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenoma
Authors: Ober K. Patrick , Kelly David L. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A 42-year-old man with severe testicular failure (testosterone 24 ng/dl, normal 300-1100) was found to have a nonfunctioning chromophobe pituitary adenoma. Resection of the pituitary tumor resulted in recovery of gonadal function (testosterone 359 ng/dl). Hypogonadism caused by pituitary adenomas is usually attributed to either hyperprolactinemia or irreversible destruction of normal pituitary tissue, neither of which is applicable to this patient. The recovery of our patient's gonadal function after operation suggests that a reversible compression of viable tissue or impairment of hypothalamic-pituitary communications was responsible for his endocrine deficiency. (Neurosurgery 22:386-387, 1988)
Cervical Root Compression by a Traumatic Pseudoaneurysm of the Vertebral Artery: Case Report
Authors: Ross Donald A. , Olsen Walter L. , Van Halbach  , Rosegay Harold , Pitts Lawrence H. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
We report the case of a patient with cervical monoradiculopathy secondary to a pseudoaneurysm of the vertebral artery caused by a knife wound to the neck. (Neurosurgery 22:414-417, 1988
Conversion of a Lumboperitoneal Shunt to a Lumboatrial Shunt through Femoral Catheterization: Technical Note
Authors: Aoki Nobuhiko 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A new technique for the diversion of the peritoneal end of a lumboperitoneal shunt into the right atrium through femoral vein catheterization is presented. As an alternative to a ventriculoatrial shunt, this is a promising technique for the treatment of patients with communicating hydrocephalus when the peritoneal cavity is not suitable for placing the distal end of the shunt. (Neurosurgery 22:438-439, 1988)
Patterns of Recurrence in Glioma Patients after Interstitial Irradiation and Chemotherapy: Report of Three Cases
Authors: Heros Deborah O. , Renkens Kenneth , Kasdon David L. , Adelman Lester S. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Three patients with malignant gliomas who developed dissemination of tumor at the time of recurrence are presented. All three patients received combination therapy including conventional radiotherapy and interstitial radiation therapy followed by systemic BCNU chemotherapy. A review of the literature on the development of glioma metastases and an analysis of the possible mechanisms of this uncommon growth pattern are presented. (Neurosurgery 22:474-478, 1988)
Aneurysm Surgery in a Community Setting
Authors: Koenig George H. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A 15-year surgical experience of 34 aneurysms in private practice is reported. There was 1 death secondary to postoperative arterial spasm, and 3 patients sustained neurological injury. The remaining patients were normal or neurologically stable or improved. Although intracranial aneurysm surgery in a community setting differs from such surgery in a university setting, it seems that similar results can be obtained despite the more limited number of cases encountered. (Neurosurgery 22:501-502, 1988)