bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on the Fusion of FY4A Satellite Data and Station Observation Data for Heavy Fog Recognition
Authors: Zhenhai Yao , Chuanhui Wang , Chun Jiang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Satellite observations of fog possess the technical advantages of wide coverage and high spatio-temporal resolution. However, the accuracy of fog identification is subject to errors due to various factors such as atmospheric conditions and lighting. This study aims to enhance the accuracy of fog identification by integrating ground station observations with satellite data. Taking Anhui Province as a case study, we combined multi-spectral data from the FY-4A satellite with ground-based visibility observations. Using threshold method (THD), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and gradient boosting machine (XGB) as multi-source algorithms, we established a fog region identification model. The nearby pixel method was employed to validate the fog region identification results, leading to the selection of the optimal algorithm. The results indicate that machine learning algorithms outperform the traditional threshold method (THD) in fog region identification. Among the SVM, RF, and XGB algorithms, RF exhibited the highest median accuracy (0.66) and excellent robustness, making it the optimal choice. Case studies demonstrate that the identification results based on the random forest algorithm effectively reflect the spatial distribution of the fog region. Although the differences between the pre-and post-correction identification results are not significant in the image, the accuracy is highly influenced by factors such as lighting, cloud cover, and fog intensity, leading to instability. After correction with ground station data, the accuracy improved significantly (up to 67.2%) and became more stable. Compared to single-data fog monitoring methods, the integration of FY4A satellite data and ground station observations offers multi-dimensional observational complementarity, enabling technological advancements that enhance the digitization and spatialization of fog observations.
Upregulation of serum miR 155 and miR 30c as a Potential Biomarker for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Kafshdooz Taiebeh , Farajnia Safar , Sharifi Rasoul , Najmi Safa , Pourseif Mohammad Mostafa 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common type of dementia, is a serious neurodegenerative disorder for which there is currently no cure. However, available medications can help alleviate the symptoms of the disease. Therefore, it is essential to promptly and accurately diagnose the condition and understand the molecular mechanisms involved in its progression. Disruption of microRNAs (miRNAs) is implicated in the development of neurodegenerative conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The research was carried out in order to determine the significance of Mir 30c, and Mir 155 in serving as a diagnostic biomarker The microarray data set GSE138260 was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database hosted by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) In order to determine gene ontologies, pathways, and networks, one must conduct a comprehensive analysis Blood samples were collected from 30 individuals with AD and 30 individuals without the condition. RNA was extracted from the serum samples, converted to cDNA, and then the real-time PCR method was used to measure the expression level of Mir 30c and Mir 155 . The study's findings indicated that the copy number levels of copy number levels of Mir 30c and Mir 155 were increased. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that these microRNA target pathways are associated with Alzheimer's disease. The cut-off value for this Mir´s demonstrates the trade-off between sensitivity and specificity in diagnostic testing.
Tension load affects MYOZ2 expression and mediates paraspinal myofiber transformation in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Gao Yuan , Ying Jia , Lai Bowen , Jiang Heng , Zhou Xuhui 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective To investigate the difference of typeⅠand typeⅡmyofibers of paraspinal muscles between the concave and convex side of main thoracic curve in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and its regulatory mechanism.
Methods The paraspinal muscle samples of 46 patients with AIS were collected and stained with ATPase. The myofiber parameters were measured and compared between the concave and convex side and among different vertebrae. The correlation between myofiber parameters and clinical data of the patients was analyzed. The paraspinal muscle samples of 5 AIS patients were selected for transcriptome RNA sequencing and RT-qPCR plus Western-blot were used to verify the results. Meanwhile, the correlation between the mRNA expression and myofiber parameters were analyzed. Finally, The expression of microRNAs between the concave and convex side were screened by microRNA sequencing and verified by RT-qPCR. In addition, the correlations between the microRNAs expression and myofiber parameters were analyzed to explore the possibility of microRNA regulating myofiber transformation.
Results There was transformation between typeⅠ and typeⅡ myofibers especially in the apical vertebrae region. Although the transformation may be a secondary change under the different tension load, it is closely related to the progress of curvature in AIS. The expression of MYOZ2 on the convex side was significantly different from that on the concave side, and the MYOZ2 expression was closely related to myofiber parameters.There was a significant difference in the expression of miR-499-5p and miR-133a-3p between the concave and convex side, and the differences of miR-499-5p and miR-133a-3p expression were closely related to to myofiber parameters.
Conclusion In AIS patients, the tension load was higher on the convex side and lower on the concave side, which caused an increased expression of miR-499-5p and miR-133a-3p in the paraspinal muscles on the convex side and a decrease expression on the concave side, which inhibited the expression of MYOZ2 on the convex side and promoted the expression of MYOZ on the concave side, and ultimately resulted in the transformation of type II myofibers to type I on the convex side and the transformation of type I to type II on the concave side.
Tryptophan depletion impairs CD8+ T-lymphocyte proliferation by preventing the activation-induced metabolic shift towards glycolysis
Authors: Zhu Jingjing , Bombart Raphaële , Corbet Cyril , Gerin Isabelle , Bommer Guido , Gomard Tiphanie , Klaessens Simon , Boudhan Loubna , Eynde Benoit Van Den 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Non-response in cancer immunotherapy poses a significant challenge, often attributed to poorly understood immune resistance mechanisms. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1), frequently expressed in advanced-stage cancers, contributes to this resistance by fostering an immunosuppressive environment through tryptophan degradation along the kynurenine pathway. While the association between IDO1 and CD8 T lymphocyte dysfunction is widely accepted, the precise mechanisms underlying T lymphocyte dysfunction via tryptophan catabolism remain debated. To elucidate these mechanisms, we used genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screening in murine CD8+ T lymphocytes, searching for genes whose inactivation favored proliferation in low-tryptophan conditions. Strikingly, a majority of identified genes coded for proteins involved in mitochondrial function. By further exploring the impact of tryptophan deprivation on metabolism, we observed that CD8+ T cells, when activated under tryptophan shortage, fail to shift their metabolism towards glycolysis and instead rely on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for energy production. Inactivating OXPHOS restored proliferation by forcing glycolysis despite tryptophan shortage. Since the activation-induced metabolic shift is essential to provide the macromolecules required for proliferation, our results provide a mechanistic rationale to explain the IDO1-induced proliferation arrest of CD8+ T lymphocytes.
The Alleviating Effect of Gallic Acid on Chemotherapy-Induced Myelosuppression
Authors: Luo Junyi , Zhang Zhaoxia , Jin Liming , Wang Zhaoying , Sun Qiuyue , He Dawei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
This study aims to investigate the alleviating effects of Gallic Acid (GA) on chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression.
Methods
A mouse model of bone marrow suppression was established in BALB/c mice using intraperitoneal injections of cyclophosphamide (CTX). Mice were treated with low (100 mg/kg/d), medium (200 mg/kg/d), and high (400 mg/kg/d) doses of GA to mitigate the CTX-induced bone marrow suppression. The efficacy of GA in alleviating chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression was evaluated through blood cell counts, immune organ (thymus and spleen) indices, bone marrow nucleated cell (BMNC) counts, cell cycle, apoptosis, histopathology of bone marrow and spleen, and analysis of splenic hematopoietic factors.
Results
CTX induced a decrease in peripheral blood and BMNC counts, reduced spleen and thymus indices, and abnormal pathology of bone marrow and spleen, as well as disturbances in hematopoietic factors. GA was able to alleviate these abnormalities in the bone marrow. It modulated cell proliferation and apoptosis, adjusted the proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase, and reduced apoptosis in femoral bone marrow.
Conclusion
GA can alleviate the atrophy of immune organs, relieve the proliferation blockade of bone marrow cells, inhibit bone marrow cell apoptosis, and promote the recovery of the spleen and hematopoietic factors, thereby mitigating CTX-induced bone marrow suppression. The study confirms the potential of the natural compound GA as an effective adjunct in alleviating CTX-induced bone marrow suppression, offering significant clinical application potential. These findings provide a theoretical basis and experimental evidence for developing new adjunct chemotherapy treatment strategies.
Examining Pessary Use and Satisfaction in Managing Pelvic Organ Prolapse: Results From a Cross-Sectional Multicentre Patient Survey
Authors: Mussawar Minhal , Khademioore Sahar , Chandra Astha , Hanafimosalman Mehrshad , Chan Garson 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Vaginal pessaries are a common method of managing pelvic organ prolapse (POP), as well as different types of urinary incontinence, allowing patients to successfully improve overall quality of life. Yet despite their positive attributes, there are several reasons why patients may choose to discontinue using pessaries and proceed with surgery to treat their condition instead. This study aimed to examine the factors associated with successful and unsuccessful pessary fittings, explore ideal characteristics of a pessary from a patient's perspective, and explore patients' experiences of pessary use in treating POP.
Methods
Participants completed an online survey regarding pessary use and ideal characteristics of a pessary. Participants were recruited from social media advertisements, online support groups for women’s health-related conditions, and pelvic floor clinics.
Results
A total of 100 participants were recruited, of which 77 fully completed the survey. Respondents cited pelvic pain, excess vaginal discharge and odor, as well as difficulty with pessary placement as the most common issues related to pessary use. Easy insertion, removal, and relief from side effects were the most commonly reported ideal characteristics for pessary use.
Conclusion
Patients had important concerns with pessary use and a high number either stopped or were considering stopping even when it improved their POP. Whilst pessaries can help in the management of POP, further improvement is warranted to increase pessary use, such as through the development of user-friendly designs, or applicators to aid with fitting.
Is Laparoscopic Hernia Repair Safe for Boys as Well as Girls? Results of Percutaneous Internal Inguinal Ring Suturing with a Filler Cannula
Authors: Kandırıcı Aliye , Dokucu Ali İhsan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of our study demonstrate the safe applicability of this method in all patients regardless of gender by minimizing hematoma and spermatic cord injuries that may occur by using a filling cannula needle used to avoid vascular injuries in medical aesthetic applications.
Methods:
The files of 102 patients who underwent laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair with the diagnosis of inguinal hernia between the ages of 0–18 between January 2018 and January 2023 were evaluated retrospectively for the presence of demographic and postoperative recurrence. A total of 102 patients underwent 126 PIRS (Percutaneous Internal Ring Suturing) procedures.
Results
Patients were divided into needle group (60.8% n: 62) and cannula group (39.2% n: 40). Of the 102 cases, 64.7% were female (n: 66) and 35.3% were male (n: 36). Recurrence rates did not statistically significant difference compared to the groups (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
In our study, we showed that PIRS technique with the cannula needle can be applied safely and with high success rates in boys as well as girls because it is almost no harmful to the surrounding tissues and facilitates peritoneal dissection.
Low-cost Millimeter Scale Single-Layer MoS2 Synthesis via Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Küçük Bengisu Alkım , Çağlar Mehtap Aygün , Turgut Güven 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) materials are more attractive after the discovery of graphene. Among them, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has been one of the most studied materials due to its striking properties. The monolayer MoS2 has been mostly deposited by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, and its properties have been tuned by the CVD parameters. However, there is still a need to deposit large-area MoS2 monolayers more cheaply. In this study, we carried out a controlled synthesis of MoS2 monolayers with large lateral sizes via the CVD method. The lateral size, number of layers, the distribution of MoS2 flakes have been tuned with the CVD parameters, which are catalyst amount, growth time, temperature, gas flow rate, sulfur location, and boat type. The synthesized MoS2 monolayers were analyzed by optical microscope, micro-Raman and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and atomic force microscope (AFM). A strong dependency between the lateral sizes and layer numbers of MoS2 monolayers and CVD deposition parameters has been found. The continuous monolayer film of MoS2 has been synthesized by using a side-opened quartz. The results show a low-cost way for controllable synthesis of MoS2 monolayers. The monolayer films can be good candidates for device applications.
Unpaired image-to-image translation with diffusion adversarial network
Authors: Tu Hangyao , Wang Zheng , Zhao Yanwei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Unpaired image translation with feature-level constraints presents significant challenges, including unstable network training and low diversity in generated tasks. This limitation is typically attributed to the following situations: 1. The generated images are overly simplistic, which fails to stimulate the network's capacity for generating diverse and imaginative outputs. 2. The images produced are distorted, a direct consequence of unstable training conditions. To address this limitation, the Unpaired image-to-image translation with diffusion adversarial network (UNDAN) is proposed. Specifically, our model consist two module:(1)Feature fusion module: In this module, one-dimensional SVD features are transformed into two-dimensional SVD features which using the Convolutional two-dimensionalization method, enhancing the diversity of images generated by the network. (2) Network convergence module: In this module, the generator transitions from the U-net model to a superior diffusion model. This shift leverages the stability of the diffusion model to mitigate the mode collapse issues commonly associated with adversarial network training. In summary, the CycleGAN framework is utilized to achieve Unpaired image translation through the application of cycle-consistent loss.Finally, the proposed network was verified from both qualitative and quantitative aspects. Experiments show that the method proposed can generate more realistic converted images.
1-(1-naphthylmethyl)-piperazine inhibition assay successfully rules out efflux pump overexpression in Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Zosim Victor , Mullié Catherine , Peltier François , Potron Anaïs , Choquet Morgane 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in ESKAPE pathogens, notably in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, is a pressing global health concern, contributing to significant AMR-associated mortality. Efflux pump overexpression plays a crucial role in the multidrug resistance (MDR) of A. baumannii, but the identification of efflux-overexpressing strains remains challenging.
Methods. We evaluated the performance of an efflux pump inhibition assay in comparison with RT-qPCR, to assess efflux pump overexpression in a collection of clinical A. baumannii strains. Sixty MDR strains and a wild one were analyzed.
Results. The inhibition assay was positive for 34 and negative for 27 strains, respectively. Results were in agreement with RT-qPCR in 67.2% of the tested strains (39/58). Cohen's kappa showed a fair agreement between inhibition assay and RT-qPCR (Cohen’s kappa = 0.37). Inhibition by NMP, but not PAβN, was in moderate agreement with RT-qPCR (Cohen’s kappa = 0.41).Furthermore, gpi alleles were associated with efflux pump overexpression (p = 0.03), suggesting potential links between genetic diversity and efflux pump overexpression. RT-qPCR showed a significant efflux pump overexpression for 4 (16.7%) out of 24 inhibition assay negative strains.
Conclusions. Our findings support the ability to reliably rule out efflux pump overexpression in A. baumannii strains displaying a negative result with an inhibition test relying on NMP. However, confirmatory analyses are necessary for strains that test positive.
An Energy-efficient Task Offloading Model based on Trust Mechanism and Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Fengjun Shang , Guo Jia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

A task offloading model based on deep reinforcement learning and user experience degree is proposed. Firstly, after users generate blockchain tasks, Proof of Work (PoW) consensus mechanism is introduced to pack the transaction information into blocks to ensure the real reliability of the interaction information in the system. Then, the user experience degree is defined by introducing the total system consumption delay and user gain, and the goal of optimal user experience degree is constructed. Furthermore, the deep reinforcement learning algorithm is used to optimize the offloading model, and the deep reinforcement learning model is constructed by taking the size of the transaction data and the difficulty of the PoW consensus process as the network state, the task offloading and resource allocation relationship between the user and the edge server as the network action, and the user experience as the network reward. Finally, the gradient descent method and back propagation algorithm are used to train the depth network until convergence, and the optimal offloading and resource allocation decision is obtained, and the superiority of the offloading model and algorithm proposed in this thesis is verified by simulation.
Relationship between environmental pollution and mitochondrial DNA copy number in European and East Asian populations: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Binbin , Dou Bin , Lu Chuan , Yan Qi , Zhaxi Dawa , Wei Shuqing , Luo Xiang , Gu Wenzuo , Li Kewen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
In recent years, the incidence of diseases associated with environmental pollution has increased dramatically worldwide. Previous studies have shown that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number is a potential biomarker for diseases caused by environmental pollution, and therefore, the causal relationship between environmental pollution and mtDNA copy number needs to be further explored.
METHODS
We performed Mendelian randomization analyses of European and Asian populations using a large amount of publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) pooled data. Genetic loci that are independent of each other and strongly associated with environmental pollution were selected as instrumental variables, and the inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was used as the primary analytical method. Cochrane's Q-test was used to assess heterogeneity. Multiplicity was checked using MR-Egger regression test.MR-PRESSO method was used to identify outliers. Sensitivity analysis was performed using leave-one-out. The results were assessed based on effect indicator dominance ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).
RESULTS
In the European population, genetically predicted PM2.5 (p = 0.341), PM2.5-10 (p = 0.954), PM10 (p = 0.710), nitrogen dioxide (p = 0.196), nitrogen oxides (p = 0.524), workplace full of chemical or other fumes (p = 0.194), workplace with a lot of cigarette smoke from other people smoking (p = 0.847), workplace had a lot of diesel exhaust (p = 0.677), workplace very cold (p = 0.541), workplace very cold (p = 0.778), workplace very hot (p = 0.554), and workplace very noisy (p = 0.973) were not associated with risk of mtDNA copy number. In the Asian population, genetically predicted PM2.5 (p = 0.990), PM2.5-10 (p = 0.739), PM10 (p = 0.537), nitrogen dioxide (p = 0.341), and nitrogen oxides (p = 0.735) were not associated with the risk of mtDNA copy number. Sensitivity analysis proved the stability of the results.
CONCLUSION
The results of this Mendelian randomization do not support a causal relationship between environmental pollution and mtDNA copy number. However, the causal relationship found in this study still needs to be further explored.
Analysis and suppression of the negative effect of electromagnetic characteristics of wheel hub motor drive system on vehicle dynamics performance
Authors: Deng Zhaoxue , Luo Xiaoliang , Liao Xiangning , Li Xingquan , Du Zixue , Hou Mengmeng , Wei Hanbing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This paper analyses the negative impact of electromagnetic characteristics caused by air gap eccentricity in hub motor drive systems on vehicle dynamics. To further improve the vehicle dynamics performance. Firstly, the electromagnetic coupling equations and radial force (RF) equations are combined to calculate the changes in the electromagnetic characteristics of each winding phase under different eccentricities, and the RF measurement rig is designed and constructed to verify the accuracy of the numerical analysis calculation results. Secondly, the principle of longitudinal-vertical unbalanced radial force (URF) calculation is proposed, and the coupled dynamics model of the vehicle considering the URF is established to analyse the dynamic response characteristics of the vehicle under various working conditions. Finally, the structural parameters of the motor are optimized, and the optimal structural dimensions of the motor are obtained using the NSGA-II genetic algorithm, and the longitudinal-vertical URF is reduced by 11.68% and 6.81%, respectively, which effectively suppresses the negative influence of the electromagnetic characteristics of the wheel-hub motor drive system.