bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biochemical investigation and gene analysis of equol: A plant and soy‐derived isoflavonoid with antiaging and antioxidant properties with potential human skin applications
Authors: Gopaul Remona , Knaggs Helen E. , Lephart Edwin D. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of equol, a plant and intestinal flora derived isoflavonoid molecule on the expression of skin genes and proteins using human dermal models. As equol has been shown to mimic 17β‐estradiol and bind specifically to 5α‐dihydrotestostone (5α‐DHT), these agents were used (in addition to equol) to determine whether equol may play important and beneficial roles in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Equol at 0.3 or 1.2% in qPCR experiments using a human skin barrier model examined ECM gene expression. Equol, 5α‐DHT, and 17β‐estradiol at 10 nM were studied in human monolayer fibroblasts cultures (hMFC) for ECM protein expression. Human fibroblast three‐dimensional organotypic cultures revealed equol's influence (@ 10 nM) on ECM proteins via fluorescent‐activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. In qPCR experiments, equol significantly increased collagen, elastin (ELN), and tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease and decreased metalloproteinases (MMPs) gene expression and caused significant positive changes in skin antioxidant and antiaging genes. In hMFC, equol significantly increased collagen type I (COL1A1), whereas, 5α‐DHT significantly decreased cell viability that was blocked by equol. FACS analysis showed equol and 17β‐estradiol significantly stimulated COL1A1, collagen type III (COL3A1), and ELN while MMPs were significantly decreased compared with control values. Finally, tamoxifen blocked the positive influences of equol on ECM proteins via FACS analysis. These findings suggest that equol has the potential to be used topically for the treatment and prevention of skin aging, by enhancing ECM components in human skin.
Rotating algal biofilm reactor and spool harvester for wastewater treatment with biofuels by‐products
Authors: Christenson Logan B. , Sims Ronald C. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractMaximizing algae production in a wastewater treatment process can aid in the reduction of soluble nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the wastewater. If harvested, the algae‐based biomass offers the added benefit as feedstock for the production of biofuels and bioproducts. However, difficulties in harvesting, concentrating, and dewatering the algae‐based biomass have limited the development of an economically feasible treatment and production process. When algae‐based biomass is grown as a surface attached biofilm as opposed to a suspended culture, the biomass is naturally concentrated and more easily harvested. This can lead to less expensive removal of the biomass from wastewater, and less expensive downstream processing in the production of biofuels and bioproducts. In this study, a novel rotating algal biofilm reactor (RABR) was designed, built, and tested at bench (8 L), medium (535 L), and pilot (8,000 L) scales. The RABR was designed to operate in the photoautotrophic conditions of open tertiary wastewater treatment, producing mixed culture biofilms made up of algae and bacteria. Growth substrata were evaluated for attachment and biofilm formation, and an effective substratum was discovered. The RABR achieved effective nutrient reduction, with average removal rates of 2.1 and 14.1 g m−2 day−1 for total dissolved phosphorus and total dissolved nitrogen, respectively. Biomass production ranged from 5.5 g m−2 day−1 at bench scale to as high as 31 g m−2 day−1 at pilot scale. An efficient spool harvesting technique was also developed at bench and medium scales to obtain a concentrated product (12–16% solids) suitable for further processing in the production of biofuels and bioproducts. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012; 109:1674–1684. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Skin tissue generation by laser cell printing
Authors: Koch Lothar , Deiwick Andrea , Schlie Sabrina , Michael Stefanie , Gruene Martin , Coger Vincent , Zychlinski Daniela , Schambach Axel , Reimers Kerstin , Vogt Peter M. , Chichkov Boris 
Published: January 2012

AbstractFor the aim of ex vivo engineering of functional tissue substitutes, Laser‐assisted BioPrinting (LaBP) is under investigation for the arrangement of living cells in predefined patterns. So far three‐dimensional (3D) arrangements of single or two‐dimensional (2D) patterning of different cell types have been presented. It has been shown that cells are not harmed by the printing procedure. We now demonstrate for the first time the 3D arrangement of vital cells by LaBP as multicellular grafts analogous to native archetype and the formation of tissue by these cells. For this purpose, fibroblasts and keratinocytes embedded in collagen were printed in 3D as a simple example for skin tissue. To study cell functions and tissue formation process in 3D, different characteristics, such as cell localisation and proliferation were investigated. We further analysed the formation of adhering and gap junctions, which are fundamental for tissue morphogenesis and cohesion. In this study, it was demonstrated that LaBP is an outstanding tool for the generation of multicellular 3D constructs mimicking tissue functions. These findings are promising for the realisation of 3D in vitro models and tissue substitutes for many applications in tissue engineering. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012; 109:1855–1863. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Incidence, prevalence and risk factors for peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer
Authors: Segelman J , Granath F , Holm T , Machado M , Mahteme H , Martling A 
Published: January 2012

Abstract

Background
This was a population-based cohort study to determine the incidence, prevalence and risk factors for peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) from colorectal cancer.

Methods
Prospectively collected data were obtained from the Regional Quality Registry. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used for multivariable analysis of clinicopathological factors to determine independent predictors of PC.

Results
All 11 124 patients with colorectal cancer in Stockholm County during 1995–2007 were included and followed until 2010. In total, 924 patients (8·3 per cent) had synchronous or metachronous PC. PC was the first and only localization of metastases in 535 patients (4·8 per cent). The prevalence of synchronous PC was 4·3 per cent (477 of 11 124). The cumulative incidence of metachronous PC was 4·2 per cent (447 of 10 646). Independent predictors for metachronous PC were colonic cancer (hazard ratio (HR) 1·77, 95 per cent confidence interval 1·31 to 2·39; P = 0·002 for right-sided colonic cancer), advanced tumour (T) status (HR 9·98, 3·10 to 32·11; P &lt; 0·001 for T4), advanced node (N) status (HR 7·41, 4·78 to 11·51; P &lt; 0·001 for N2 with fewer than 12 lymph nodes examined), emergency surgery (HR 2·11, 1·66 to 2·69; P &lt; 0·001) and non-radical resection of the primary tumour (HR 2·75, 2·10 to 3·61; P &lt; 0·001 for R2 resection). Patients aged &gt; 70 years had a decreased risk of metachronous PC (HR 0·69, 0·55 to 0·87; P = 0·003).

Conclusion
PC is common in patients with colorectal cancer and is associated with identifiable risk factors.
An Enzyme Catalyzing O‐Prenylation of the Glucose Moiety of Fusicoccin A, a Diterpene Glucoside Produced by the Fungus Phomopsis amygdali
Authors: Noike Motoyoshi , Liu Chengwei , Ono Yusuke , Hamano Yoshimitsu , Toyomasu Tomonobu , Sassa Takeshi , Kato Nobuo , Dairi Tohru 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIsoprenoids form the largest family of compounds found in nature. Isoprenoids are often attached to other moieties such as aromatic compounds, indoles/tryptophan, and flavonoids. These reactions are catalyzed by three phylogenetically distinct prenyltransferases: soluble aromatic prenyltransferases identified mainly in actinobacteria, soluble indole prenyltransferases mostly in fungi, and membrane‐bound prenyltransferases in various organisms. Fusicoccin A (FC A) is a diterpene glycoside produced by the plant‐pathogenic fungus Phomopsis amygdali and has a unique O‐prenylated glucose moiety. In this study, we identified for the first time, from a genome database of P. amygdali, a gene (papt) encoding a prenyltransferase that reversibly transfers dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) to the 6′‐hydroxy group of the glucose moiety of FC A to yield an O‐prenylated sugar. An in vitro assay with a recombinant enzyme was also developed. Detailed analyses with recombinant PAPT showed that the enzyme is likely to be a monomer and requires no divalent cations. The optimum pH and temperature were 8.0 and 50 °C, respectively. Km values were calculated as 0.49±0.037 μM for FC P (a plausible intermediate of FC A biosynthesis) and 8.3±0.63 μM for DMAPP, with a kcat of 55.3±3.3×10−3 s. The enzyme did not act on representative substrates of the above‐mentioned three types of prenyltransferase, but showed a weak transfer activity of geranyl diphosphate to FC P.
Tuning the Photocatalytic Activity of CdS Nanocrystals through Intermolecular Interactions in Ionic‐Liquid Solvent Systems
Authors: Wing‐hei Lau Vincent , van de Water Leon G. A. , Masters Anthony F. , Maschmeyer Thomas 
Published: January 2012

AbstractSynthetic solvent systems for the fine‐tuned preparation of CdS nanocrystallites, active in visible‐light photocatalytic hydrogen production, were studied. To control crystallite size and spectral properties, the CdS crystals were synthesised by using different solvent systems, containing a series of tetrabutylammonium amino carboxylate ionic liquids as the crystal‐growth control agents. Six samples of CdS, all with similar physical and spectral properties, exhibited greatly varying photocatalytic activity, with the most active sample outperforming the least active one by almost 60 %. To rationalise this effect, the intermolecular interactions of the synthesis solvent system with the growing CdS nanocrystallites were characterised by using the Reichart betaine dye and the ${E{{{\rm N}\hfill \atop {\rm T}\hfill}}}$ polarity scale. A correlation was observed between the ${E{{{\rm N}\hfill \atop {\rm T}\hfill}}}$ values of the solvent system and the photocatalytic activity of the CdS nanocrystallite, suggesting that the hydrogen‐bond‐donating ability and/or dipolarity/polarisability interactions of the solvent system led to the preferential formation of active surfaces/surface sites on the CdS crystals.
ChemInform Abstract: Bi2(IO4)(IO3)3: A New Potential Infrared Nonlinear Optical Material Containing [IO4]3‐ Anion.
Authors: Cao Zhenbo , Yue Yinchao , Yao Jiyong , Lin Zheshuai , He Ran , Hu Zhanggui 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe title compound is synthesized by hydrothermal reaction of Bi(NO3)3, HIO3, and HNO3 in H2O (pH ≈0.5, 215 °C, autoclave, 5 d; 75% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: (C4N2H12)(NH4)2 [(GeO2)3(GeO1.5F3)2]: A New Layered Germanate Containing Helical Arrays of H‐Bond.
Authors: Pan Qinhe , Ren Xiaoyan , Xu Yan , Yan Wenfu 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe new layered title germanate co‐templated by diprotonated piperazine cations and ammonium ions is synthesized by solvothermal reaction of GeO2, piperazine, and NH4F in sBuOH (180 °C, autoclave, 4 d).
ChemInform Abstract: A Spin‐Frustrated Cobalt(II) Carbonate Pyrochlore Network.
Authors: Zheng Yanzhen , Ellern Arkady , Koegerler Paul 
Published: January 2012

AbstractCo(CO3)2Na3Cl is prepared by solvothermal reaction of CoCl2, Na2CO3, and phen in a 12:1 EtOH/H2O mixture (autoclave, 433 K, 96 h, 42% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Solvent‐Dependent Reaction: Chemoselective Synthesis of Quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones, Benzo[d]imidazoles and Dipeptides.
Authors: Wang Shu‐Liang , Ding Jie , Jiang Bo , Gao Yuan , Tu Shu‐Jiang 
Published: January 2012

AbstractCombinatorial syntheses of the title compounds are achieved by microwave‐assisted reaction of 10 arylidenephenyloxazolones [e.g. (I)] with 8 ortho‐diamines [e.g. (II) and (III)] in various solvents.
ChemInform Abstract: The Reaction of Optically Active α‐Aminocarboxylic Acid Hydrazides with Triethyl Orthoesters.
Authors: Kudelko Agnieszka , Zielinski Wojciech , Ejsmont Krzysztof 
Published: January 2012

AbstractElectronic and steric effects of the substituents at the α‐position of the hydrazides influences the chemoselectivity of the ring closure affording triazinones and/or 2‐aminomethyl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoles.
ChemInform Abstract: Environmentally Benign Metal Triflate‐Catalyzed Reductive Cleavage of the C—O Bond of Acetals to Ethers.
Authors: Zhang Yin‐Jie , Dayoub Wissam , Chen Guo‐Rong , Lemaire Marc 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA mild and efficient protocol for the cleavage of the C‐O bonds of aromatic and aliphatic acetals to ethers without affecting aromatic rings, nitro, nitrile, ester, and hydroxyl groups is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Mild and Tunable Benzoic Acid Catalysts for Rearrangement Reactions of Allylic Alcohols.
Authors: McCubbin J. Adam , Voth Samantha , Krokhin Oleg V. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBenzoic acids (I) efficiently promote the rearrangement to regioisomeric (E)‐allylic alcohols including synthetically useful dienol and enynol derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: An Ester Enolate—Claisen Rearrangement Route to Substituted 4‐Alkylideneprolines. Studies Toward a Definitive Structural Revision of Lucentamycin A.
Authors: Ranatunga Sujeewa , Kim Jinsoo S. , Pal Ujjwal , Del Valle Juan R. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIn the presence of NaN(Tms)2, esters of type (I) and (IX) rearrange to amino acids like (II) and (X) with moderate to high diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed, Aerobic Oxidative Cross‐Coupling of Alkynes with Arylboronic Acids: Remarkable Selectivity in 2,6‐Lutidine Media.
Authors: Yasukawa Tomohiro , Miyamura Hiroyuki , Kobayashi Shu 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBy fine‐tuning the reaction conditions, the coupling products are obtained in high yields and selectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Transfer of Allyl or Phenyl Group from Allyl(phenyl)germanes in Pd‐Catalyzed Reactions with Aryl Halides.
Authors: Pitteloud Jean‐Philippe , Liang Yong , Wnuk Stanislaw F. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe chemoselective Stille‐like synthesis of the compounds (III) also gives the homocoupling by‐products.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Activity of Desmethoxy Analogues of Coruscanone A.
Authors: Tichotova Lucie , Matousova Eliska , Spulak Marcel , Kunes Jiri , Votruba Ivan , Buchta Vladimir , Pour Milan 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA wide range of simple desmethoxy analogues of coruscanone A is synthesized via a novel version of the Ti(O‐iPr)4‐‐mediated Knoevenagel condensation of cyclopentenedione with substituted benzaldehydes and cinnamic aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: ortho‐Bromo(propa‐1,2‐dien‐1‐yl)arenes: Substrates for Domino Reactions.
Authors: Masters Kye‐Simeon , Wallesch Manuela , Braese Stefan 
Published: January 2012

AbstractPd‐catalyzed treatment of the title compounds, with benzamides or acetamides results in new, unprecedented formation of indole derivatives like (VII), (XIII) and (XIV).
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐ and Iodine‐Mediated Internal Oxygen Transfer of Nitrone‐ and Sulfoxide‐Functionalized Alkynes.
Authors: Chen Dan , Song Guoyong , Jia Aiqun , Li Xingwei 
Published: January 2012

AbstractTreatment of nitrones of type (I) and (IV) with iodine results in selective formation of isoindolones.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of β,β‐Difluorostyrenes via the Negishi Coupling of Thermally Stable 2,2‐Difluorovinyl Zinc—TMEDA Complex.
Authors: Fujita Takeshi , Ichisuka Tomohiro , Fuchibe Kohei , Ichikawa Junji 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe presented reaction proceeds smoothly with sterically hindered triflates and halides with an excellent chemoselectivity for multihalogenated substrates (order of reactivity I < OTf < Br < Cl).
ChemInform Abstract: The Long‐Arm Effect: Influence of Axially Chiral Phosphoramidite Ligands on the Diastereo‐ and Enantioselectivity of the Tandem 1,4‐Addition/Fluorination.
Authors: Wang Lian , Meng Wei , Zhu Chuan‐Le , Zheng Yan , Nie Jing , Ma Jun‐An 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe sequence, applied to acrylic β‐ketoesters, offers a novel synthesis of chiral α‐fluoro‐β‐ketoesters.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd(II)‐Catalyzed para‐Selective C—H Arylation of Monosubstituted Arenes.
Authors: Wang Xisheng , Leow Dasheng , Yu Jin‐Quan 
Published: January 2012

AbstractReaction of various unsubstituted or monosubstituted arenes with benzamides applies N‐fluorobenzenesulfonimide as a bystanding oxidant to provide the corresponding biaryls with high para‐selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Kumada—Tamao—Corriu Coupling Using N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands Bearing Pyridyl and Ethylenedioxyl Moieties.
Authors: Mitsudo Koichi , Doi Yuta , Sakamoto Syunsuke , Murakami Hiroki , Mandai Hiroki , Suga Seiji 
Published: January 2012

AbstractImidazole based carbene ligands bearing pyridyl and ethylenedioxyl moieties at the nitrogen atoms are developed and utilized as ligands in the nickel‐catalyzed title coupling.
ChemInform Abstract: CsF Mediated Rapid Condensation of 1,3‐Cyclohexadione with Aromatic Aldehydes: Comparative Study of Conventional Heating vs. Ambient Temperature.
Authors: Nandre Kamalakar P. , Patil Vijay S. , Bhosale Sidhanath V. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe condensation of substrate (I) with aromatic aldehydes gives dicyclohexane‐1,3‐diones (III) or xanthene derivatives (IV) depending on the reaction temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: Guanidine Hydrochloride: An Active and Simple Catalyst for Mannich‐Type Reaction in Solvent‐Free Condition.
Authors: Heravi Majid M. , Zakeri Masoumeh , Mohammadi Narges 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA novel methodology offers advantages such as solvent‐free conditions, no need for any base, metal or Lewis acid catalyst as well as ease of product isolation.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Chemical Access for 3′‐Acetyl‐4′‐hydroxychalcones Using Borontrifluoride‐etherate via a Regioselective Claisen—Schmidt Condensation and Its Application in the Synthesis of Chalcone Hybrids.
Authors: Narender T. , Venkateswarlu K. , Nayak B. Vishnu , Sarkar S. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe Claisen—Schmidt condensation of the unsymmetrical bisacetylarene (I) with various aldehydes under optimized conditions affords chalcones (III) in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Sila‐Sonogashira—Hagihara Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Alkynylsilanes with Aryl Iodides under Palladium‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Nishihara Yasushi , Noyori Shintaro , Okamoto Takeru , Suetsugu Masato , Iwasaki Masayuki 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAn efficient and inexpensive catalytic system for the synthesis of the unsymmetrical diarylethynes (III), (V) and (VII) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Kumada—Tamao—Corriu Coupling of Alkyl Halides Catalyzed by an Iron—Bisphosphine Complex.
Authors: Hatakeyama Takuji , Fujiwara Yu‐ichi , Okada Yoshihiro , Itoh Takuma , Hashimoto Toru , Kawamura Shintaro , Ogata Kazuki , Takaya Hikaru , Nakamura Masaharu 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA highly efficient method for the title reaction is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Combination of Rearrangement with Metallic and Organic Catalyses — A Step‐ and Atom‐Economical Approach to α‐Spirolactones and ‐lactams.
Authors: Boddaert Thomas , Coquerel Yoann , Rodriguez Jean 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA general one‐pot synthesis of α‐spirolactones and ‐lactams is presented, involving a Wolff rearrangement—α‐oxoketene trapping—cross metathesis—Michael addition sequence.
ChemInform Abstract: Mild, Convenient and Efficient Synthesis of Novel 2,2‐Dichloro‐1,3‐diarylaziridines from Schiff Bases by Phase Transfer CTAB Catalysis under Low Concentration Alkaline Conditions.
Authors: Naeimi Hossein , Rabiei Khadijeh 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe use of a phase transfer catalyst dramatically enhances the reaction of Schiff bases with chloroform to produce aziridines (III) in short reaction times.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Enantioselective One‐Pot Synthesis of Spirolactones by an Organocatalyzed Michael Addition/Cyclization Sequence.
Authors: Sternativo Silvia , Calandriello Antonella , Costantino Ferdinando , Testaferri Lorenzo , Tiecco Marcello , Marini Francesca 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe reaction of a variety of tert‐butyl β‐ketoesters with vinyl selenone in the presence of CIE generates a Michael intermediate which is cyclized by treatment with silica gel to give spirolactams with high levels of enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Construction of Trifluoromethylated Pyrrolidines via Cu(I)‐Catalyzed 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides with 4,4,4‐Trifluorocrotonates.
Authors: Li Qing‐Hua , Tong Min‐Chao , Li Jun , Tao Hai‐Yan , Wang Chun‐Jiang 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe first enantioselective synthesis of trifluoromethylated pyrrolidines (III) and (V) via Cu(I)‐catalyzed 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides with trans‐ and cis‐trifluoromethylcrotonates (II) and (IV) is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Approach to trans‐4,5‐Pyrrolidine Lactam and Application in the Synthesis of Nemonapride and Streptopyrrolidine.
Authors: Huang Wei , Ma Jing‐Yi , Yuan Mu , Xu Long‐Fei , Wei Bang‐Guo 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA ′one‐pot′ oxidative cyclization using NaIO4 and a ruthenium catalyst is applied to the highly diastereoselectively formed terminal alkenes (II) after Tbs‐protection.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Michael/Cyclization Reaction Sequence: Scaffold‐Inspired Synthesis of Spirooxindoles with Multiple Stereocenters.
Authors: Cao Yiming , Jiang Xianxing , Liu Luping , Shen Fangfang , Zhang Futing , Wang Rui 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe process uses a thiourea as chiral organocatalyst and allows the construction of densely functionalized 3,3′‐pyrrolidinoyl spirooxindoles with three contiguous stereogenic centers.
ChemInform Abstract: A Bioinspired Ugi/Michael/Aza‐Michael Cascade Reaction in Aqueous Media: Natural‐Product‐Like Molecular Diversity.
Authors: Santra Soumava , Andreana Peter R. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe two‐stage microwave irradiation yields polycyclic N‐heterocycles as skeletons of natural substances.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Benzimidazole‐Fused Heterocycles by Intramolecular Oxidative C—N Bond Formation Using Hypervalent Iodine Reagents.
Authors: Kutsumura Noriki , Kunimatsu Shinichi , Kagawa Kimiko , Otani Takashi , Saito Takao 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe preparation of title heterocycles is investigated by oxidation of appropriate substrates with hypervalent iodine reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Dialkylphosphate‐Mediated Syntheses of Hydantoins and a Bicyclohydantoin under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Kumar Vinod , Rana Hemlata , Sankolli Ravish , Kaushik M. P. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA novel synthesis of hydantoins with a variety of substituents is achieved by thermal cyclocondensation.
ChemInform Abstract: DPO and POPOP Carboxylate‐Analogue Sensors by Sequential Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct Arylation of Oxazole‐4‐carboxylates.
Authors: Verrier Cecile , Fiol‐Petit Catherine , Hoarau Christophe , Marsais Francis 
Published: January 2012

AbstractSeveral 2,5‐diaryloxazole derivatives of type (III) (14 examples) and bisoxazoles of type (VI) (7 examples) are prepared by the title method.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Desulfitative C‐Arylation of a Benzo[d]oxazole C—H Bond with Arene Sulfonyl Chlorides.
Authors: Zhang Manli , Zhang Shouhui , Liu Miaochang , Cheng Jiang 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe convenient, novel protocol tolerates the presence of a variety of functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Studies of Pyrazolyl Oxadiazoles and Thiadiazoles.
Authors: Padmavathi Venkatapuram , Reddy Sanapalli Nagi , Reddy Guda Dinneswara , Venkatesh Bhumireddy C. , Padmaja Adivireddy 
Published: January 2012

AbstractCompounds (VIIa) and (VIIc) exhibit excellent antibacterial activity against Gram‐positive bacteria and good activity against Gram‐negative bacteria.