bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and clinimetric properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Brace Questionnaire
Authors: Fernandes Isabela Pedrosa , Gomes Marcella Veronnica Pereira , Andrade Rodrigo Mantelatto , Schmidt Ariane Verttú , Ribeiro Ana Paula , Magalhães Mauricio Oliveira 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To perform a cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Brazilian-Portuguese versions of the Brace Questionnaire in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Methods
A forward-backward translation process was employed to produce a Brazilian Portuguese version of the Brace Questionnaire, followed by comprehensive cross-cultural adaptation stages. The measurements of internal consistency and test–retest reliability were assessed by Cronbach’s a and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to analyze the concurrent validity by comparison with the Scoliosis Research Society-22r questionnaire.

Results
A total of 84 scoliosis patients (age 13.4 ± 2.0 years, thoracic Cobb angle 33.3° ± 13.8°, and lumbar Cobb angle 29.8° ± 14.3°) were included. The Brace Questionnaire showed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach α = 0.93) and moderate reliability (ICC = 0.86). The correlations between the Brace Questionnaire and Scoliosis Research Society-22 were r = 0.66; p = 0.011. In addition, it was found that the Brazilian version of the Brace Questionnaire does not have ceiling and floor effects.

Conclusions
The Brazilian-Portuguese adaptation of the brace questionnaire shows excellent reliability and can be a valid tool for psychometric assessment in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
Brief title of the study case report: a case of type II sacral agenesis with no neurogenic dysfunction
Authors: Khan Zuhera , Saleem Munazza 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Sacral agenesis is a rare neural tube defect characterized by abnormal development of the caudal aspect of the vertebral column and the spinal cord. Even though the etiology is unknown. Its pathophysiology has been linked to maternal diabetes, genetic factors, and several teratogens.

Case report
This case report presents the case of a young female patient (2 years old) of sacral agenesis type II with no neurogenic dysfunctions. MRI results were specifically used to make the diagnosis. There were no anatomical or functional impairments found in this patient, making the presentation of this case unique.

Conclusions
The case is being reported for its rarity and educational value because the prognosis is good in isolated sacral agenesis. Early detection and prompt treatment are crucial to decreasing the risk of complications and improving the prognosis.
The moving open future, temporal phenomenology, and temporal passage
Authors: Hodroj Batoul , Latham Andrew J. , Miller Kristie 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEmpirical evidence suggests that people naïvely represent time as dynamical (i.e. as containing robust temporal passage). Yet many contemporary B-theorists deny that it seems to us, in perceptual experience, as though time robustly passes. The question then arises as to why we represent time as dynamical if we do not have perceptual experiences which represent time as dynamical. We consider two hypotheses about why this might be: the temporally aperspectival replacement hypothesis and the moving open future hypothesis. We then empirically test the moving open future hypothesis. According to that hypothesis, we represent the past as objectively fixed and the future open. And we represent that this objective openness moves as events that were open become fixed, such that in doing so, we represent a privileged moving present. We found no evidence for the moving open future hypothesis, which suggests that further investigation of the temporally aperspectival replacement hypothesis is called for. Our results also shed further light on our understanding of the respects in which we represent the future to be open, which, in turn, has implications for our theorising about the open future.
A Novel Quantum Neural Network Approach to Combating Fake Reviews
Authors: Bikku Thulasi , Thota Srinivasarao , Shanmugasundaram P. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAs e-commerce has grown gradually online item assessments have emerged as a key source of consumer data. That stated, there are problems with the consistency and fictitiousness of the evaluations because there are numerous fake or fraudulent ones. These misleading assessments are generated during the investigation in an attempt to mislead customers about the nature of a real advantage, compromising their ability to make a predetermined decision and damaging the reputations of businesses. A cutting-edge interrogation department revealed that quantum machine learning (QML) could manage a huge amount of machine-trained data and could convey almost emotional choices in the context of inaccurate checks. It is truly beneficial in obtaining reviews for things that are incorrect. Opinion, generating trends, interpersonal relationships, and assessing fatigue is merely a few of the attributes. Tests conducted utilizing the Amazon fraudulent review. The dataset demonstrates that QML tactics outperform conventional knowledge acquisition procedures in errands, including the place of fraudulent reviews. The delicacy and tolerance of incorrect review distinguishing evidence can be significantly advanced, although QML is still in its early stages of development. Both our proposed model and model pass rigorous conventional machine learning algorithms testing with a remarkable level of accuracy. An article introduces a unique approach to fraudulent review detection and brings in the QNN algorithm as a solution. A deep learning model, such as this one, has an 86% accuracy rate in quantum computer implementation, which is an impressive level of innovation, especially if it comes with successful results. Involvement in these cutting-edge technologies promises significant benefits in battling the problem of false identities on the Web. In our case, the experimental results demonstrate that our QNN algorithm, which can accurately identify fake reviews, will become a key weapon for suppressing various forms of fraudulence on emerging digital technology platforms.
Paradigm shift required for translational research on the brain
Authors: Yoon Jong Hyuk , Lee Dongha , Lee Chany , Cho Eunji , Lee Seulah , Cazenave-Gassiot Amaury , Kim Kipom , Chae Sehyun , Dennis Edward A. , Suh Pann-Ghill 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBiomedical research on the brain has led to many discoveries and developments, such as understanding human consciousness and the mind and overcoming brain diseases. However, historical biomedical research on the brain has unique characteristics that differ from those of conventional biomedical research. For example, there are different scientific interpretations due to the high complexity of the brain and insufficient intercommunication between researchers of different disciplines owing to the limited conceptual and technical overlap of distinct backgrounds. Therefore, the development of biomedical research on the brain has been slower than that in other areas. Brain biomedical research has recently undergone a paradigm shift, and conducting patient-centered, large-scale brain biomedical research has become possible using emerging high-throughput analysis tools. Neuroimaging, multiomics, and artificial intelligence technology are the main drivers of this new approach, foreshadowing dramatic advances in translational research. In addition, emerging interdisciplinary cooperative studies provide insights into how unresolved questions in biomedicine can be addressed. This review presents the in-depth aspects of conventional biomedical research and discusses the future of biomedical research on the brain.
TLR7-dependent eosinophil degranulation links psoriatic skin inflammation to small intestinal inflammatory changes in mice
Authors: Kim Hee Joo , Jang Jinsun , Na Kunhee , Lee Eun-Hui , Gu Hyeon-Jung , Lim Yoon Hee , Joo Seul-A , Baek Seung Eun , Roh Joo-Young , Maeng Han-Joo , Kim Yun Hak , Lee Young-Jae , Oh Byung-Chul , Jung YunJae 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRecent evidence of gut microbiota dysbiosis in the context of psoriasis and the increased cooccurrence of inflammatory bowel disease and psoriasis suggest a close relationship between skin and gut immune responses. Using a mouse model of psoriasis induced by the Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 ligand imiquimod, we found that psoriatic dermatitis was accompanied by inflammatory changes in the small intestine associated with eosinophil degranulation, which impaired intestinal barrier integrity. Inflammatory responses in the skin and small intestine were increased in mice prone to eosinophil degranulation. Caco-2 human intestinal epithelial cells were treated with media containing eosinophil granule proteins and exhibited signs of inflammation and damage. Imiquimod-induced skin and intestinal changes were attenuated in eosinophil-deficient mice, and this attenuation was counteracted by the transfer of eosinophils. Imiquimod levels and the distribution of eosinophils were positively correlated in the intestine. TLR7-deficient mice did not exhibit intestinal eosinophil degranulation but did exhibit attenuated inflammation in the skin and small intestine following imiquimod administration. These results suggest that TLR7-dependent bidirectional skin-to-gut communication occurs in psoriatic inflammation and that inflammatory changes in the intestine can accelerate psoriasis.
Ultra-highly sensitive dual gases detection based on photoacoustic spectroscopy by exploiting a long-wave, high-power, wide-tunable, single-longitudinal-mode solid-state laser
Authors: Qiao Shunda , He Ying , Sun Haiyue , Patimisco Pietro , Sampaolo Angelo , Spagnolo Vincenzo , Ma Yufei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhotoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) as a highly sensitive and selective trace gas detection technique has extremely broad application in many fields. However, the laser sources currently used in PAS limit the sensing performance. Compared to diode laser and quantum cascade laser, the solid-state laser has the merits of high optical power, excellent beam quality, and wide tuning range. Here we present a long-wave, high-power, wide-tunable, single-longitudinal-mode solid-state laser used as light source in a PAS sensor for trace gas detection. The self-built solid-state laser had an emission wavelength of ~2 μm with Tm:YAP crystal as the gain material, with an excellent wavelength and optical power stability as well as a high beam quality. The wide wavelength tuning range of 9.44 nm covers the absorption spectra of water and ammonia, with a maximum optical power of ~130 mW, allowing dual gas detection with a single laser source. The solid-state laser was used as light source in three different photoacoustic detection techniques: standard PAS with microphone, and external- and intra-cavity quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS), proving that solid-state laser is an attractive excitation source in photoacoustic spectroscopy.
A patient-based iPSC-derived hepatocyte model of alcohol-associated cirrhosis reveals bioenergetic insights into disease pathogenesis
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Bani , Marietta Cheryl , Shen Pei-Hong , Oiseni Abdul , Mirshahi Faridoddin , Mazzu Maria , Hodgkinson Colin , Winkler Eli , Yuan Qiaoping , Miranda Daniel , Kunos George , Sanyal Arun J. , Goldman David 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Only ~20% of heavy drinkers develop alcohol cirrhosis (AC). While differences in metabolism, inflammation, signaling, microbiome signatures and genetic variations have been tied to the pathogenesis of AC, the key underlying mechanisms for this interindividual variability, remain to be fully elucidated. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocytes (iHLCs) from patients with AC and healthy controls differ transcriptomically, bioenergetically and histologically. They include a greater number of lipid droplets (LDs) and LD-associated mitochondria compared to control cells. These pre-pathologic indicators are effectively reversed by Aramchol, an inhibitor of stearoyl-CoA desaturase. Bioenergetically, AC iHLCs have lower spare capacity, slower ATP production and their mitochondrial fuel flexibility towards fatty acids and glutamate is weakened. MARC1 and PNPLA3, genes implicated by GWAS in alcohol cirrhosis, show to correlate with lipid droplet-associated and mitochondria-mediated oxidative damage in AC iHLCs. Knockdown of PNPLA3 expression exacerbates mitochondrial deficits and leads to lipid droplets alterations. These findings suggest that differences in mitochondrial bioenergetics and lipid droplet formation are intrinsic to AC hepatocytes and can play a role in its pathogenesis.
Tunneling current-controlled spin states in few-layer van der Waals magnets
Authors: Fu ZhuangEn , Samarawickrama Piumi I. , Ackerman John , Zhu Yanglin , Mao Zhiqiang , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Wang Wenyong , Dahnovsky Yuri , Wu Mingzhong , Chien TeYu , Tang Jinke , MacDonald Allan H. , Chen Hua , Tian Jifa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEffective control of magnetic phases in two-dimensional magnets would constitute crucial progress in spintronics, holding great potential for future computing technologies. Here, we report a new approach of leveraging tunneling current as a tool for controlling spin states in CrI3. We reveal that a tunneling current can deterministically switch between spin-parallel and spin-antiparallel states in few-layer CrI3, depending on the polarity and amplitude of the current. We propose a mechanism involving nonequilibrium spin accumulation in the graphene electrodes in contact with the CrI3 layers. We further demonstrate tunneling current-tunable stochastic switching between multiple spin states of the CrI3 tunnel devices, which goes beyond conventional bi-stable stochastic magnetic tunnel junctions and has not been documented in two-dimensional magnets. Our findings not only address the existing knowledge gap concerning the influence of tunneling currents in controlling the magnetism in two-dimensional magnets, but also unlock possibilities for energy-efficient probabilistic and neuromorphic computing.
The role of charge in microdroplet redox chemistry
Authors: Heindel Joseph P. , LaCour R. Allen , Head-Gordon Teresa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn charged water microdroplets, which occur in nature or in the lab upon ultrasonication or in electrospray processes, the thermodynamics for reactive chemistry can be dramatically altered relative to the bulk phase. Here, we provide a theoretical basis for the observation of accelerated chemistry by simulating water droplets of increasing charge imbalance to create redox agents such as hydroxyl and hydrogen radicals and solvated electrons. We compute the hydration enthalpy of OH− and H+ that controls the electron transfer process, and the corresponding changes in vertical ionization energy and vertical electron affinity of the ions, to create OH• and H• reactive species. We find that at ~ 20 − 50% of the Rayleigh limit of droplet charge the hydration enthalpy of both OH− and H+ have decreased by >50 kcal/mol such that electron transfer becomes thermodynamically favorable, in correspondence with the more favorable vertical electron affinity of H+ and the lowered vertical ionization energy of OH−. We provide scaling arguments that show that the nanoscale calculations and conclusions extend to the experimental microdroplet length scale. The relevance of the droplet charge for chemical reactivity is illustrated for the formation of H2O2, and has clear implications for other redox reactions observed to occur with enhanced rates in microdroplets.
Boosting organic phosphorescence in adaptive host-guest materials by hyperconjugation
Authors: Ma Huili , Fu Lishun , Yao Xiaokang , Jiang Xueyan , Lv Kaiqi , Ma Qian , Shi Huifang , An Zhongfu , Huang Wei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhosphorescence is ubiquitous in heavy atom-containing organic phosphors, which attracts considerable attention in optoelectronics and bioelectronics. However, heavy atom-free organic materials with efficient phosphorescence are rare under ambient conditions. Herein, we report a series of adaptive host-guest materials derived from dibenzo-heterocyclic analogues, showing host-dependent color-tunable phosphorescence with phosphorescence efficiency of up to 98.9%. The adaptive structural deformation of the guests arises from the hyperconjugation, namely the n→π* interaction, enabling them to inhabit the cavity of host crystals in synergy with steric effects. Consequently, a perfect conformation match between host and guest molecules facilitates the suppression of triplet exciton dissipation, thereby boosting the phosphorescence of these adaptive materials. Moreover, we extend this strategy to a ternary host-guest system, yielding both excitation- and time-dependent phosphorescence with a phosphorescence efficiency of 92.0%. This principle provides a concise way for obtaining efficient and color-tunable phosphorescence, making a major step toward potential applications in optoelectronics.
A human-machine interface for automatic exploration of chemical reaction networks
Authors: Steiner Miguel , Reiher Markus 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAutonomous reaction network exploration algorithms offer a systematic approach to explore mechanisms of complex chemical processes. However, the resulting reaction networks are so vast that an exploration of all potentially accessible intermediates is computationally too demanding. This renders brute-force explorations unfeasible, while explorations with completely pre-defined intermediates or hard-wired chemical constraints, such as element-specific coordination numbers, are not flexible enough for complex chemical systems. Here, we introduce a STEERING WHEEL to guide an otherwise unbiased automated exploration. The STEERING WHEEL algorithm is intuitive, generally applicable, and enables one to focus on specific regions of an emerging network. It also allows for guiding automated data generation in the context of mechanism exploration, catalyst design, and other chemical optimization challenges. The algorithm is demonstrated for reaction mechanism elucidation of transition metal catalysts. We highlight how to explore catalytic cycles in a systematic and reproducible way. The exploration objectives are fully adjustable, allowing one to harness the STEERING WHEEL for both structure-specific (accurate) calculations as well as for broad high-throughput screening of possible reaction intermediates.
MetaboAnalystR 4.0: a unified LC-MS workflow for global metabolomics
Authors: Pang Zhiqiang , Xu Lei , Viau Charles , Lu Yao , Salavati Reza , Basu Niladri , Xia Jianguo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe wide applications of liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in untargeted metabolomics demand an easy-to-use, comprehensive computational workflow to support efficient and reproducible data analysis. However, current tools were primarily developed to perform specific tasks in LC-MS based metabolomics data analysis. Here we introduce MetaboAnalystR 4.0 as a streamlined pipeline covering raw spectra processing, compound identification, statistical analysis, and functional interpretation. The key features of MetaboAnalystR 4.0 includes an auto-optimized feature detection and quantification algorithm for LC-MS1 spectra processing, efficient MS2 spectra deconvolution and compound identification for data-dependent or data-independent acquisition, and more accurate functional interpretation through integrated spectral annotation. Comprehensive validation studies using LC-MS1 and MS2 spectra obtained from standards mixtures, dilution series and clinical metabolomics samples have shown its excellent performance across a wide range of common tasks such as peak picking, spectral deconvolution, and compound identification with good computing efficiency. Together with its existing statistical analysis utilities, MetaboAnalystR 4.0 represents a significant step toward a unified, end-to-end workflow for LC-MS based global metabolomics in the open-source R environment.
Eye movements track prioritized auditory features in selective attention to natural speech
Authors: Gehmacher Quirin , Schubert Juliane , Schmidt Fabian , Hartmann Thomas , Reisinger Patrick , Rösch Sebastian , Schwarz Konrad , Popov Tzvetan , Chait Maria , Weisz Nathan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOver the last decades, cognitive neuroscience has identified a distributed set of brain regions that are critical for attention. Strong anatomical overlap with brain regions critical for oculomotor processes suggests a joint network for attention and eye movements. However, the role of this shared network in complex, naturalistic environments remains understudied. Here, we investigated eye movements in relation to (un)attended sentences of natural speech. Combining simultaneously recorded eye tracking and magnetoencephalographic data with temporal response functions, we show that gaze tracks attended speech, a phenomenon we termed ocular speech tracking. Ocular speech tracking even differentiates a target from a distractor in a multi-speaker context and is further related to intelligibility. Moreover, we provide evidence for its contribution to neural differences in speech processing, emphasizing the necessity to consider oculomotor activity in future research and in the interpretation of neural differences in auditory cognition.
How to obtain an integrated picture of the molecular networks involved in adaptation to microgravity in different biological systems?
Authors: Willis Craig R. G. , Calvaruso Marco , Angeloni Debora , Baatout Sarah , Benchoua Alexandra , Bereiter-Hahn Juergen , Bottai Daniele , Buchheim Judith-Irina , Carnero-Diaz Eugénie , Castiglioni Sara , Cavalieri Duccio , Ceccarelli Gabriele , Chouker Alexander , Cialdai Francesca , Ciofani Gianni , Coppola Giuseppe , Cusella Gabriella , Degl’Innocenti Andrea , Desaphy Jean-Francois , Frippiat Jean-Pol , Gelinsky Michael , Genchi Giada , Grano Maria , Grimm Daniela , Guignandon Alain , Herranz Raúl , Hellweg Christine , Iorio Carlo Saverio , Karapantsios Thodoris , van Loon Jack , Lulli Matteo , Maier Jeanette , Malda Jos , Mamaca Emina , Morbidelli Lucia , Osterman Andreas , Ovsianikov Aleksandr , Pampaloni Francesco , Pavezlorie Elizabeth , Pereda-Campos Veronica , Przybyla Cyrille , Rettberg Petra , Rizzo Angela Maria , Robson-Brown Kate , Rossi Leonardo , Russo Giorgio , Salvetti Alessandra , Risaliti Chiara , Santucci Daniela , Sperl Matthias , Tabury Kevin , Tavella Sara , Thielemann Christiane , Willaert Ronnie , Monici Monica , Szewczyk Nathaniel J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPeriodically, the European Space Agency (ESA) updates scientific roadmaps in consultation with the scientific community. The ESA SciSpacE Science Community White Paper (SSCWP) 9, “Biology in Space and Analogue Environments”, focusses in 5 main topic areas, aiming to address key community-identified knowledge gaps in Space Biology. Here we present one of the identified topic areas, which is also an unanswered question of life science research in Space: “How to Obtain an Integrated Picture of the Molecular Networks Involved in Adaptation to Microgravity in Different Biological Systems?” The manuscript reports the main gaps of knowledge which have been identified by the community in the above topic area as well as the approach the community indicates to address the gaps not yet bridged. Moreover, the relevance that these research activities might have for the space exploration programs and also for application in industrial and technological fields on Earth is briefly discussed.