bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the In Vivo Antiplatelet Activity of the Antihypertensive Agent Losartan
Authors: Murad John P. , Espinosa Enma V. P. , Ting Harold J. , Khasawneh Fadi T. 
Published: November 2011

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential in vivo antiplatelet and thromboprotective properties of the antihypertensive drug losartan in mice. Methods: Aggregometry studies were performed on platelets obtained from mice administered losartan for 5 days, via tail vein to examine the ex vivo effects (dose dependence) of this agent and to select an appropriate dose for the in vivo studies. Next, the tail bleeding time test and the time for occlusion in a carotid artery injury thrombosis model (ferric chloride) were also performed to assess the in vivo effects of losartan treatment. Results: These data indicate that the antihypertensive agent losartan exerts dose-dependent inhibition of the thromboxane receptor-mediated (U46619/agonist)-induced platelet aggregation ( ex vivo), whereas it produced no detectable effects on aggregation triggered by adenosine diphosphate or the thrombin receptor activating peptide 4. Findings from the in vivo analysis revealed that tail bleeding time of losartan-treated mice was not different from vehicle-treated mice. On the other hand, in the carotid artery injury thrombosis model, it was found that the losartan-treated mice had significantly longer time for occlusion in comparison with those treated with vehicle control. Conclusions: These findings provide evidence that administration of the antihypertensive drug losartan into live mice produces thromboxane A2 receptor–specific antiplatelet effects. Furthermore, interestingly, this antiplatelet activity appears to translate into thromboprotective properties, without resulting in a bleeding phenotype. Consequently, aside from its potential use as an antithrombotic agent, losartan’s chemistry may provide a “blueprint” for designing or repurposing novel derivatives which may have the potential to serve as an antiplatelet and thromboprotective agents but are deprived of the usually concomitant bleeding adverse effects.
Pediatric Paradoxical Vocal-Fold Motion: Presentation and Natural History
Authors: Maturo Stephen , Hill Courtney , Bunting Glenn , Baliff Cathy , Ramakrishna Jyoti , Scirica Christina , Fracchia Shannon , Donovan Abigail , Hartnick Christopher 
Published: November 2011

OBJECTIVES:To describe (1) a cohort of children with paradoxical vocal-fold motion (PVFM) who were referred to a multidisciplinary airway center and (2) the outcomes of various treatment modalities including speech therapy, gastroesophageal reflux disease treatment, and psychiatric treatment.PATIENTS AND METHODS:This was a case series with chart review of children younger than 18 years with PVFM evaluated at a tertiary care pediatric airway center over a 36-month period.RESULTS:Fifty-nine children with PVFM were evaluated. The cohort had a mean age of 13.64 years (range: 8–18 years) and a female-to-male ratio of 3:1. Speech therapy as an initial treatment resulted in a 63% (24 of 38) success rate after an average of 3.7 treatment sessions. Speech therapy was a more successful treatment than antireflux therapy (P = .001). Ten percent (6 of 59) of the children presented with a known psychiatric diagnosis, and 30% (18 of 59) of children in the cohort were ultimately diagnosed with a psychiatric condition. Children with inspiratory stridor at rest had a lower initial success rate with speech therapy (56%), a higher rate of underlying psychiatric disorders (75%), and a high rate of success after psychiatric treatment (100%) that required, on average, 3 sessions over a 2-month period.CONCLUSIONS:To our knowledge, this is the largest study to date on pediatric PVFM. The majority of children with PVFM improve with speech therapy. Children with PVFM at rest may be better treated with psychiatric therapy than speech therapy. Furthermore, children who present with symptoms at rest may have a higher likelihood of underlying psychiatric disease.
Providing a Primary Care Medical Home for Children and Youth With Spina Bifida
Authors: Burke Robert , Liptak Gregory S. ,   the Council on Children With Disabilities
Published: November 2011

This Clinical Report was reaffirmed February 2015 and July 2018.
The pediatric primary care provider in the medical home has a central and unique role in the care of children with spina bifida. The primary care provider addresses not only the typical issues of preventive and acute health care but also the needs specific to these children. Optimal care requires communication and comanagement with pediatric medical and developmental subspecialists, surgical specialists, therapists, and community providers. The medical home provider is essential in supporting the family and advocating for the child from the time of entry into the practice through adolescence, which includes transition and transfer to adult health care. This report reviews aspects of care specific to the infant with spina bifida (particularly myelomeningocele) that will facilitate optimal medical, functional, and developmental outcomes.
Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccines Policy Update: Booster Dose Recommendations
Authors:   Committee on Infectious Diseases
Published: November 2011

This Policy Statement was retired January 2015.
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Academy of Pediatrics approved updated recommendations for the use of quadravalent (serogroups A, C, W-135, and Y) meningococcal conjugate vaccines (Menactra [Sanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, PA] and Menveo [Novartis, Basel, Switzerland]) in adolescents and in people at persistent high risk of meningococcal disease. The recommendations supplement previous Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices and American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations for meningococcal vaccinations. Data were reviewed pertaining to immunogenicity in high-risk groups, bactericidal antibody persistence after immunization, current epidemiology of meningococcal disease, meningococcal conjugate vaccine effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of different strategies for vaccination of adolescents. This review prompted the following recommendations: (1) adolescents should be routinely immunized at 11 through 12 years of age and given a booster dose at 16 years of age; (2) adolescents who received their first dose at age 13 through 15 years should receive a booster at age 16 through 18 years or up to 5 years after their first dose; (3) adolescents who receive their first dose of meningococcal conjugate vaccine at or after 16 years of age do not need a booster dose; (4) a 2-dose primary series should be administered 2 months apart for those who are at increased risk of invasive meningococcal disease because of persistent complement component (eg, C5–C9, properdin, factor H, or factor D) deficiency (9 months through 54 years of age) or functional or anatomic asplenia (2–54 years of age) and for adolescents with HIV infection; and (5) a booster dose should be given 3 years after the primary series if the primary 2-dose series was given from 2 through 6 years of age and every 5 years for persons whose 2-dose primary series or booster dose was given at 7 years of age or older who are at risk of invasive meningococcal disease because of persistent component (eg, C5–C9, properdin, factor H, or factor D) deficiency or functional or anatomic asplenia.
Kinetic Study and NBO Analysis of the Dehydrogenation Mechanism of Five‐membered Ring Heterocyclic 2,5‐Dihydro‐[furan, thiophene, selenophene
Authors: Shiroudi Abolfazl , Zahedi Ehsan 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe theoretical study of the dehydrogenation of 2,5‐dihydro‐[furan (1), thiophene (2), and selenophene (3)] was carried out using ab initio molecular orbital (MO) and density functional theory (DFT) methods at the B3LYP/6‐311G**//B3LYP/6‐311G** and MP2/6‐311G**//B3LYP/6‐311G** levels of theory. Among the used methods in this study, the obtained results show that B3LYP/6‐311G** method is in good agreement with the available experimental values. Based on the optimized ground state geometries using B3LYP/6‐311G** method, the natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis of donor‐acceptor (bond‐antibond) interactions revealed that the stabilization energies associated with the electronic delocalization from non‐bonding lone‐pair orbitals [LP(e)X3] to δ*C(1)H(2) antibonding orbital, decrease from compounds 1 to 3. The LP(e)X3→δ*C(1)H(2) resonance energies for compounds 1–3 are 23.37, 16.05 and 12.46 kJ/mol, respectively. Also, the LP(e)X3→δ*C(1)H(2) delocalizations could fairly explain the decrease of occupancies of LP(e)X3 non‐bonding orbitals in ring of compounds 1–3 (3>2>1). The electronic delocalization from LP(e)X3 non‐bonding orbitals to δ*C(1)H(2) antibonding orbital increases the ground state structure stability, Therefore, the decrease of LP(e)X3→δ*C(1)H(2) delocalizations could fairly explain the kinetic of the dehydrogenation reactions of compounds 1–3 (k1>k2>k3). Also, the donor‐acceptor interactions, as obtained from NBO analysis, revealed that the (C(4)C(7)→δ*C(1)H(2) resonance energies decrease from compounds 1 to 3. Further, the results showed that the energy gaps between (C(4)C(7) bonding and δ*C(1)H(2) antibonding orbitals decrease from compounds 1 to 3. The results suggest also that in compounds 1–3, the hydrogen eliminations are controlled by LP(e)→δ* resonance energies. Analysis of bond order, natural bond orbital charges, bond indexes, synchronicity parameters, and IRC calculations indicate that these reactions are occurring through a concerted and synchronous six‐membered cyclic transition state type of mechanism.
Ag@Bi2WO6Composites with High Visible‐Light‐Driven Photocatalytic Activities Prepared in UV Light Irradiation
Authors: Zhou Haiyan , Peng Yin , Qin Shuchun 
Published: November 2011

Abstract Bi2WO6 microstructures were synthesized through hydrothermal process and Ag@Bi2WO6 composites were synthesized by simple UV light irradiation for 5 min using Bi2WO6 and AgNO3 as raw materials. Ag@Bi2WO6 composites were characterized by X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD), field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), and UV‐Vis absorption spectrum (UV‐Vis). Few Ag deposited on the Bi2WO6 leads to an increase in photocatalytic activity, which clearly indicates that the recombination of photogenerated charge carrier between the hybrid orbital of Bi6s and O2p (valence band) to the empty W5d orbital is inhibited greatly in the Ag@Bi2WO6 composite. In addition, a few H2O2 will greatly enhance photocatalytic activity of Ag@Bi2WO6, and the proper reason is discussed.
Microwave‐induced Stereoselectivity in Synthesis of trans‐4‐Aryl‐3‐methyl‐6‐oxo‐4,5,6,7‐tetrahydro‐2H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridine‐5‐carbonitriles
Authors: Rahmati Abbas , Alizadeh Kouzehrash Meysam 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA facile synthesis of trans isomers of 4‐aryl‐3‐methyl‐6‐oxo‐4,5,6,7‐tetrahydro‐2H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridine‐5‐carbonitriles via three‐component condensation reaction of an aldehyde, 3‐amino‐5‐methylpyrazole and ethyl cyanoacetate in acetonitrile has been developed under microwave irradiation. This one‐pot reaction proceeds without any catalyst in short times and gives the product in high selectivities and high yields.
Chiral Cinchona Alkaloid‐Thiourea Catalyzed Mannich Reaction for Enantioselective Synthesis of β‐Amino Ketones Bearing Benzothiazol Moiety
Authors: Lin Peng , Song Baoan , Bhadury Pinaki S. , Hu Deyu , Zhang Yuping , Jin Linhong , Yang Song 
Published: November 2011

AbstractMannich reactions of imine with acetylacetone were effectively catalyzed by the modified chiral cinchona alkaloid‐derived thiourea. The reactions led to chiral β‐amino carbonyl compounds in high yields and good enantioselectivities. The study demonstrated for the first time that Mannich reactions of unmodified acetylacetone with heterocyclic imine derived from benzothiazole can be promoted by chiral bifunctional organocatalyst.
Infant Sleep After Immunization: Randomized Controlled Trial of Prophylactic Acetaminophen
Authors: Franck Linda , Gay Caryl L. , Lynch Mary , Lee Kathryn A. 
Published: November 2011

OBJECTIVE:
To determine the effects of acetaminophen and axillary temperature responses on infant sleep duration after immunization.

METHODS:
We conducted a prospective, randomized controlled trial to compare the sleep of 70 infants monitored by using ankle actigraphy for 24 hours before and after their first immunization series at ∼2 months of age. Mothers of infants in the control group received standard care instructions from their infants' health care provider, and mothers of infants in the intervention group were provided with predosed acetaminophen and instructed to administer a dose 30 minutes before the scheduled immunization and every 4 hours thereafter, for a total of 5 doses. Infant age and birth weight and immunization factors, such as acetaminophen use and timing of administration, were evaluated for changes in infant sleep times after immunization.

RESULTS:
Sleep duration in the first 24 hours after immunization was increased, particularly for infants who received their immunizations after 1:30 pm and for those who experienced elevated temperatures in response to the vaccines. Infants who received acetaminophen at or after immunization had smaller increases in sleep duration than did infants who did not. However, acetaminophen use was not a significant predictor of sleep duration when other factors were controlled.

CONCLUSIONS:
If further research confirms the relationship between time of day of vaccine administration, increased sleep duration after immunization, and antibody responses, then our findings suggest that afternoon immunizations should be recommended to facilitate increased sleep in the 24 hours after immunization, regardless of acetaminophen administration.
In Vitro
Recombinants of Antibiotic-Resistant Chlamydia trachomatis Strains Have Statistically More Breakpoints than Clinical Recombinants for the Same Sequenced Loci and Exhibit Selection at Unexpected Loci
Authors: Srinivasan Tara , Bruno William J. , Wan Raymond , Yen Albert , Duong Jennifer , Dean Deborah 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACT

Lateral gene transfer (LGT) is essential for generating between-strain genomic recombinants of
Chlamydia trachomatis
to facilitate the organism's evolution. Because there is no reliable laboratory-based gene transfer system for
C. trachomatis
,
in vitro
generation of recombinants from antibiotic-resistant strains is being used to study LGT. However, selection pressures imposed on
in vitro
recombinants likely affect statistical properties of recombination relative to naturally occurring clinical recombinants, including prevalence at particular loci. We examined multiple loci for 16
in vitro
-derived recombinants of ofloxacin- and rifampin-resistant L
1
and D strains, respectively, grown with both antibiotics, and compared these with the same sequenced loci among 11 clinical recombinants. Breakpoints and recombination frequency were examined using phylogenetics, bioinformatics, and statistics.
In vitro
and clinical isolates clustered perfectly into two groups, without misclassification, using Ward's minimum variance based on breakpoint data. As expected,
gyrA
(confers ofloxacin resistance) and
rpoB
(confers rifampin resistance) had significantly more breakpoints among
in vitro
recombinants than among clinical recombinants (
P
< 0.0001 and
P
= 0.02, respectively, using the Wilcoxon rank sum test). Unexpectedly,
trpA
also had significantly more breakpoints for
in vitro
recombinants (
P
< 0.0001). There was also significant selection at other loci. The strongest bias was for
ompA
in strain D (
P
= 3.3 × 10
−8
). Our results indicate that the
in vitro
model differs statistically from natural recombination events. Additional genomic studies are needed to determine the factors responsible for the observed selection biases at unexpected loci and whether these are important for LGT to inform approaches for genetically manipulating
C. trachomatis
.
Microsatellite primers in Carex moorcroftii (Cyperaceae), a dominant species of the steppe on the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Liu Wensheng , Zhou Yin , Liao Hui , Zhao Yao , Song Zhiping 
Published: November 2011

• Premise of the study: Microsatellite markers were developed in Carex moorcroftii, a rhizomatous clonal sedge that dominates the steppes and meadows of the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau.• Methods and Results: Using the combined biotin capture method, 30 microsatellite primer sets were isolated and characterized. Twenty‐two of these markers showed polymorphism, and the number of alleles per locus ranged from two to 11 across 96 individuals from four populations.• Conclusions: These markers provide a useful tool to investigate the clonal structure and mating system of C. moorcroftii.
A system for recommending tags of images using co‐occurrence of tags and similar images
Authors: Sezaki Naoto , Kise Koichi 
Published: November 2011

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a system for recommending tags for images. The proposed method presents to the user various tags with high precision by taking into account both the co‐occurrence of tags and tags for similar images. Additional searches with user feedback enable us to find some new tags relevant to the image of interest. In order to test the proposed method, we compared it with a method based only on the co‐occurrence of tags, as well as a method based only on the similarity of images. From the experimental results using 16,002 images, we have confirmed that the proposed method is capable of finding more tags compared to the methods used for comparison. We have also confirmed that the additional search is effective for finding additional tags. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 94(12): 57–64, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10342
A fast template matching using adaptive window skipping method considering position of reference template
Authors: Toyama Fubito , Shoji Kenji , Miyamichi Juichi 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe Adaptive Window Skipping method (AWS) is known as a fast template matching algorithm. This method can reduce the computational burden by using similarity between subtemplates. AWS guarantees the same accuracy as an exhaustive search with template matching. In AWS preprocessing, a reference subtemplate is selected from the set of subtemplates. The position of the reference subtemplate affects the computational burden. But this position has not been taken into account in AWS. In this paper we propose a new method that takes into account the position of the reference subtemplate. Experimental results show that the proposed method is faster than AWS. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 94(12): 45–56, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10343
Magnitude and Variability of the Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Response in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes up to 2 Years Following Gastric Bypass Surgery
Authors: Van der Schueren Bart J. , Homel Peter , Alam Mariam , Agenor Keesandra , Wang Gary , Reilly David , Laferrère Blandine 
Published: November 2011

OBJECTIVE
To characterize the magnitude and variance of the change of glucose and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentrations, and to identify determinants of glucose control up to 2 years after gastric bypass (GBP).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Glucose and GLP-1 concentrations were measured during an oral glucose challenge before and 1, 12, and 24 months after GBP in 15 severely obese patients with type 2 diabetes.

RESULTS
Glucose area under the curve from 0 to 180 min (AUC0–180) started decreasing in magnitude (P &lt; 0.05) 1 month after surgery. GLP-1 AUC0–180 increased in magnitude 1 month after GBP (P &lt; 0.05), with increased variance only after 1 year (Pσ2 ≤ 0.001). GLP-1 AUC0–180 was positively associated with insulin AUC0–180 (P = 0.025).

CONCLUSIONS
The increase in variance of GLP-1 at 1 and 2 years after GBP suggests mechanisms other than proximal gut bypass to explain the enhancement of GLP-1 secretion. The association between GLP-1 and insulin concentrations supports the idea that the incretins are involved in glucose control after GBP.
Synthesis of Thioproline Salicylic Acid Samarium Complex and Microcalorimetric Study on Effects of the Complex on the Growth Metabolism of S. pombe Cells
Authors: Li Qiangguo , Zhang Hui , Li Xu , Wang Bin , Hu Jilin , Yao Feihong , Yang Dejun , Xiao Shengxiong , Ye Lijuan 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe product from reaction of samarium chloride hexahydrate with salicylic acid and thioproline, [Sm(C7H5O3)2·(C4H6NO2S)]·2H2O (TSAS), was synthesized and characterized by IR, elemental analysis and thermogravimatric analysis. Particularly, the effect of the compounds TSAS, SmCl3·6H2O, C7H6O3 and C4H7NO2S on the growth and metabolism of S. pombe by a TAM Air isothermal calorimeter at 32°C is also reported. The thermokinetic parameters, which included the microbial growth rate constant (κ), inhibition ratio (I) and half inhibition concentration (IC50), were obtained. The results showed that all the compounds TSAS, SmCl3·6H2O, C7H6O3 and C4H7NO2S possessed the bi‐directional biological effect and Hormesis effect. These stimulate the growth of the S. pombe at lower concentration, but inhibit the growth at higher concentration. The half inhibition concentrations (IC50) of TSAS, SmCl3·6H2O, C4H7NO2S and C7H6O3 were found to be 0.732, 0.746, 0.746 and 1.43 mmol·L−1, respectively. The inhibition ability of these compounds on the growth of the S. pombe has been observed to decrease in the order TSAS>SmCl3·6H2O=C4H7NO2S>C7H6O3. Moreover, the effect of TSAS on the growth and cytokinesis of S. pombe was investigated by cytomorphology and FT IR spectroscopy technique. The results indicated that TSAS had a direct impact on apoptosis, and could also inhibit the cell growth by reducing cytokinesis and the binding locations of drug (TSAS) in S. pombe cells could be the proteins and nucleic acid.
Synthesis and Herbicidal Activity of Novel N‐(2‐Fluoro‐5(3‐methyl‐2,6‐dioxo‐4‐(trifluoromethyl)‐2,3‐dihydro‐pyrimidin‐1(6H)‐yl)phenyl)‐2‐phenoxyacetamide Derivatives
Authors: Wu Daoxin , Sun Jiong , Huang Mingzhi , Mo Hongbo , Wang Xiaoguang , Li Hongwei , Ren Yeguo , Hu Zhibing , He Lian , Yin Dulin 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThirteen novel N‐(2‐fluoro‐5‐(3‐methyl‐2,6‐dioxo‐4‐(trifluoromethyl)‐2,3‐dihydropyrimidin‐1(6H)‐yl)phenyl)‐2‐phenoxy)acetamides were designed and synthesized utilizing 4‐fluoro‐aniline and ethyl 3‐amino‐4,4,4‐trifluoro‐but‐2‐enoate as starting materials. The chemical structures of all compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, IR, mass spectrum and elemental analyses. Subsequently, the herbicidal activities of the as‐prepared compounds were evaluated in the greenhouse. Bioassay results indicated that most of compounds had better herbicidal activities against dicotyledonous weeds. Among all the tested compounds, compounds 4a–4i showed good herbicidal activities at both pre‐emergence and post‐emergence treatment against two or three kinds of dicotyledonous weeds, such as Abutilon theophrasti Medic, Amaranthus ascendens L, and Chenopodium album L at the dosage of 75 g ai/ha.