bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined Therapy (Ultrasound and Interferential Current) in Patients with Fibromyalgia: Once or Twice in a Week?
Authors: Moretti Felipe Azevedo , Marcondes Freddy Beretta , Provenza José Roberto , Fukuda Thiago Yukio , de Vasconcelos Rodrigo Antunes , Roizenblatt Suely 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackground and PurposeCombined Therapy (CT) composed of ultrasound and Interferential Therapy has been reported as a cost‐effective, local analgesic intervention on tender points in Fibromyalgia (FM). This study aims to investigate the difference between CT applied once a week and twice a week in patients with FM.MethodFifty patients with the diagnosis of FM were randomized into two groups (G1 = once a week treatment and G2 = twice a week treatment) with each group containing 25 patients. All eighteen tender points were assessed and treated with CT during each session, over a three‐month time period. Interferential Therapy was modulated at 4,000 Hz of current carrier, 100 Hz of amplitude modulated frequency and at a bearable sensorial threshold of intensity. Pulsed ultrasound of 1 MHz at 20% of 2.5 W/cm² was used. For evaluation, the Visual Analogue Scale, Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, Post Sleep Inventory and the tender point count were utilized, and the examiner was blinded to the group assignments.ResultsG1 and G2 showed a significant improvement in Visual Analogue Scale (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0005, respectively), Tender Points (p < 0.005 and p < 0.001, respectively), Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire and Post Sleep Inventory (p < 0.005 and p < 0.05, respectively). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in all performed analyses.ConclusionThere is no advantage in increasing the number of sessions of combined therapy in terms of reducing generalized pain, quality of life and sleep quality for patients with FM. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Growth, microstructure and morphology of epitaxial ScGaN films
Authors: Knoll S. M. , Zhang S. , Joyce T. B. , Kappers M. J. , Humphreys C. J. , Moram M. A. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractEpitaxial ScGaN films were grown on GaN‐on‐sapphire substrates by NH3‐molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The Sc content remained below 2% for all films, as determined by the simulation and fitting of 0002 ω–2θ X‐ray diffractograms, while no deviation from the wurtzite structure was detected using high resolution X‐ray diffraction. ScGaN growth rates decreased significantly as the Sc flux increased and remained low compared to the growth rates of GaN grown under similar conditions, while Sc incorporation rates remained low even at Sc effusion cell temperatures as high as 1400 °C. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) height images indicate that higher Sc fluxes are associated with improved film coalescence. These data indicate that a surfactant layer of Sc may be present at the film surface during growth. The dislocation density of the lower Sc content films was similar to that of the underlying GaN, though the bending and introduction of additional dislocations with an a‐component was observed for higher Sc contents. Basal plane stacking faults connected by prismatic stacking faults were also observed, in higher Sc‐content ScGaN films, along with a broad luminescence band near 580 nm.
Strain control of GaN grown on 3C‐SiC/Si substrate using AlGaN buffer layer
Authors: Fang H. , Takaya Y. , Ohuchi S. , Miyake H. , Hiramatsu K. , Asamura H. , Kawamura K. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractGaN layers were grown on 3C‐SiC/Si substrates with AlGaN intermediate layers with various thickness and AlN mole fraction by low‐pressure metal‐organic vapor phase epitaxy (LP‐MOVPE). The effects of the interlayer on the crystal quality and strain‐status of GaN epilayer were investigated systematically by varing the thickness and the Al mole fraction of the AlGaN. Raman scattering and X‐ray diffraction results show that the AlGaN with thinner thickness and higher Al mole fractions can improve the crystalline quality of the GaN epilayer and the redue the strain at the same time. This phenomenon should be attributed to three dimensional (3D) growth at the initial stage of (the) GaN epitaxy. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effect of stimulated phase separation on properties of blue, green and monolithic white LEDs
Authors: Tsatsulnikov A. F. , Lundin W. V. , Sakharov A. V. , Zavarin E. E. , Usov S. O. , Nikolaev A. E. , Sizov V. S. , Zakgeim A. L. , Mizerov M. N. , Cherkashin N. A. , Hytch M. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractDifferent methods of stimulation of phase separation in an InGaN QWs by technological methods and by design of structure were investigated. Effect of admixing of hydrogen during growth interruptions (GIs) after deposition of the InGaN QWs on their structural and optical properties and properties of InGaN‐based LEDs was investigated. Effect of growth pressure on the phase separation was investigated and formation of separate InGaN islands at increase in growth pressure was revealed. It was shown that the phase separation is stumulated in composite InAlN/GaN/InGaN heterostructures and formation of well isolated InGaN islands was observed. Effect of the phase separation on the properties of the blue and deep green LEDs was investigated and strong changes in the spectral position and current dependence of the quantum efficiency were revealed. It was shown that formation of the island due to the phase separation allows control position and width of the emission line and maximum in current dependence of the quantum efficiency. Monolithic white LEDs are containing in active region blue and green InGaN QWs grown with applying of the GIs and emitting in spectral range from 440 nm to 560 nm were studied. Monolithic white LEDs having optimal design of active region demonstrate CCT in the range of 9000‐12000 K and maximal external quantum efficiency up to 14 lm/W. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Growth of {11‐22} GaN on shallowly etched r ‐plane patterned sapphire substrates
Authors: Furuya Hiroshi , Okada Narihito , Tadatomo Kazuyuki 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe have succeeded in growing flat semipolar {11‐22} GaN layers on r ‐plane patterned sapphire substrates (r ‐PSSs). However, the obtained GaN layers still contain a dislocation density of more than 3 × 108/cm2 which degrades the device performance. Thus, it is important to reduce this dislocation density. To reduce the density of dislocations generated at the interface between GaN and sapphire, we employed a shallowly etched r ‐PSS by reducing the selective growth area. However, it was difficult to grow a flat {11‐22} GaN layer on the shallowly etched r ‐PSS owing to the low growth selectivity. Therefore, we used a two‐step process, where growth temperature is changed during the growth. Consequently, we succeeded in obtaining {11‐22} GaN on the shallowly etched r ‐PSS. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Tailored Profiles Made of Tailor Rolled Strips by Roll Forming – Part 2 of 2
Authors: Groche Peter , Mirtsch Michael 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe main scope of the presented work is to demonstrate the potential of load optimized tubes with a varying thickness distribution in circumferential direction produced by roll forming. As initial material a so called Tailor Rolled Strip (TRS) sheet metal coil produced by Strip Profile Rolling (SPR) method was used instead of plain sheet. The TRS sheet metal is manufactured in a continuously working process by rolling one or more groves in transverse direction into the sheet metal coil. In this paper, the secondary forming of the TRS sheet metal to TRS tubes is investigated by means of FE‐simulations and roll forming experiments. To simulate the manufacturing process of the TRS tube by FEM, an integrated consideration of the process is necessary because of the large local strain hardening in the groves of the initial SPR sheet metal. In experimental roll forming operations welded tubes could be manufactured successfully. The geometrical and material properties of these tubes are analyzed. The reprocessing of TRS tubes by hydroforming is investigated by means of tube bursting tests. It has been found that an additional annealing process is necessary to achieve deformations in the grooved area during the hydroforming process.
Effects of high hydrostatic pressure on the RS content of amaranth, quinoa and wheat starch
Authors: Linsberger‐Martin Gertrud , Lukasch Barbara , Berghofer Emmerich 
Published: November 2011

AbstractRS exerts a range of beneficial effects on human health. Therefore, ways to increase the RS content in processed food products are looked for. The effects of high hydrostatic pressure treatments on the RS content of wheat, quinoa and amaranth starch were analysed in this study. A 23 factorial screening design of experiments was used. Experimental factors were pressure (100–600 MPa), temperature (40–60°C) and time (10–30 min). RS in wheat starch increased with increasing pressure by a factor of up to 10 to a value of 4%. In detail, RS content increased significantly at pressures higher than 100 MPa in wheat starch, whereas in quinoa starch significant changes occurred at pressures above 350 MPa (up to 3.3% RS compared to 0.2% in native quinoa starch). Contrary, in amaranth starch the RS content of all pressure treated samples (about 0.5%) was lower than that of the native starch (1.3%). Wheat starch granules swelled to a maximum of 3.67 times their original size and quinoa starch up to 3.36 times. The extent of swelling (2.90) was lowest in amaranth starch.
Voltammetry of carbon nanotubes and graphenes: excitement, disappointment, and reality
Authors: Pumera Martin 
Published: November 2011

AbstractVoltammetry of carbon nanotubes and graphene underwent significant development in the first decade of the 21st century. The initial excitement concerning the performance of the new materials was replaced with increasing crises in the field caused by the use of impure materials. Here, I provide a personal view of these developments and some “reality checks” for the electrochemistry of these nanomaterials. DOI 10.1002/tcr.201100027
Food electroanalysis: sense and simplicity
Authors: Escarpa Alberto 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWith the appearance of advanced approaches such as screen‐printed technology, biosensors, microchips and nanotechnology, among others, electroanalysis is undergoing a true Renaissance. Inherent miniaturization of electrochemistry makes it a unique detection and transduction principle, highly compatible with the modern miniaturized analytical chemistry involving micro‐ and nanotechnologies. It also implies advantages on portability and further disposability. Another very unique feature linked to electrochemistry is the versatility for “selectivity design” towards the suitable selection of (nano)(bio)materials and by the direct manipulation of the electrical properties. Their remarkable sensitivity and low cost are additional valuable features. However, from my personal perspective, these “natural beauties” are underexploited in the analysis of food samples not only because of the complexity of food samples but also because electrochemistry has traditionally been seen as “a difficult thing”. From my own experience, electrochemical approaches have been very useful in the evaluation of antioxidant activities in vitro, in the development of screening methods, as high‐performance detectors in advanced analytical microsystems such as capillary‐electrophoresis microchips and in the development of microfluidic inmunosensors. In consequence, electroanalysis has also demonstrated an important role in fields such as antioxidant sensing, quality control assessment, detection of frauds and food safety. In this personal account, drawing from selected examples of my own work, I illustrate the marriage between electrochemistry and food analysis, food electroanalysis, by sense and simplicity. DOI 10.1002/tcr.201100033
Diagnosing Symptomatic HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders: Self-Report Versus Performance-Based Assessment of Everyday Functioning
Authors: Blackstone K. , Moore D.J. , Heaton R.K. , Franklin D.R. , Woods S.P. , Clifford D.B. , Collier A.C. , Marra C.M. , Gelman B.B. , McArthur J.C. , Morgello S. , Simpson D.M. , Rivera-Mindt M. , Deutsch R. , Ellis R.J. , Hampton Atkinson J. , Grant I. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThree types of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) exist that are distinguished by presence and severity of impairment in cognitive and everyday functioning. Although well-validated neurocognitive measures exist, determining impairment in everyday functioning remains a challenge. We aim to determine whether Self-Report measures of everyday functioning are as effective in characterizing HAND as Performance-Based measures. We assessed 674 HIV-infected participants with a comprehensive neurocognitive battery; 233 met criteria for a HAND diagnosis by having at least mild neurocognitive impairment. Functional decline was measured via Self-Report and Performance-Based measures. HAND diagnoses were determined according to published criteria using three approaches to assess functional decline: (1) Self-Report measures only, (2) Performance-Based measures only, and (3) Dual-method combining Self-Report and Performance-Based measures. The Dual-method classified the most symptomatic HAND, compared to either singular method. Singular method classifications were 76% concordant with each other. Participants classified as Performance-Based functionally impaired were more likely to be unemployed and more immunosuppressed, whereas those classified as Self-Report functionally impaired had more depressive symptoms. Multimodal methods of assessing everyday functioning facilitate detection of symptomatic HAND. Singular Performance-Based classifications were associated with objective functional and disease-related factors; reliance on Self-Report classifications may be biased by depressive symptoms. (JINS, 2012, 18, 79–88)
Nocturnal Oxygen Desaturation and Disordered Sleep as a Potential Factor in Executive Dysfunction in Sickle Cell Anemia
Authors: Hollocks Matthew J. , Kok Tessa B. , Kirkham Fenella J. , Gavlak Johanna , Inusa Baba P. , DeBaun Michael R. , de Haan Michelle 
Published: November 2011

AbstractPrevious research has identified cognitive impairment in children with sickle cell anemia (SCA, Hemoglobin SS) compared with controls, partly accounted for by overt neuropathology after clinical stroke, “covert” (“silent”) infarction, and severity of anemia. However, cognitive deficits have also been identified in children with SCA with no history of stroke and a normal T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. Our aim was to investigate whether nocturnal hemoglobin oxygen desaturation and sleep fragmentation could be associated with cognitive impairment in children with SCA. We assessed 10 children with SCA (9 with normal MRI) using neuropsychological measures of executive function. Cognitive assessment was immediately followed by overnight polysomnography to record nocturnal hemoglobin oxygen saturation and sleep arousals. Decreases in hemoglobin oxygen saturation and/or increased sleep arousals were associated with reduced performance on cognitive assessment. Nocturnal hemoglobin oxygen desaturation and sleep fragmentation may be a contributing factor to executive dysfunction in SCA. (JINS, 2012, 18, 168–173)
Construct Validity of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
Authors: Freitas Sandra , Simões Mário R. , Marôco João , Alves Lara , Santana Isabel 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a brief instrument developed for the screening of milder forms of cognitive impairment. The present study aims to assess the construct related validity of the MoCA through the establishment of the factorial, convergent, and discriminant related validities, and the reliability of data. In a Portuguese sample of 830 participants, several models were tested using Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Although all tested models showed a good fit, the six-factor model based on the conceptual model proposed by the MoCA's authors showed a significantly better fit. The results allowed us to establish the factorial, convergent, and discriminant validity of this six-dimensional structure. An overall psychometric adequacy of the items, and a good reliability were also found. This study contributes to overcome an important gap in the construct related validity of this instrument. The present findings corroborate the six-dimensional structure of the MoCA and provide good evidence of the construct related validity. The MoCA has proved to be an appropriate measure for cognitive screening taking into account different cognitive domains, which will enable clinicians and researchers to use this test and its six latent dimensions to achieve a better understanding of the individuals’ cognitive profile. (JINS, 2012, 18, 242–250)
On the applicability of solventless and solid-state reactions to the meteoritic chemistry
Authors: Kolb Vera M. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractMost chemical reactions on asteroids, from which meteors and meteorites originate, are hypothesized to occur primarily in the solid mixtures. Some secondary chemical reactions may have occurred during the periods of the aqueous alteration of the asteroids. A myriad of organic compounds have been isolated from the meteorites, but the chemical conditions during which they were formed are only partially elucidated. In this paper, we propose that numerous meteoritic organic compounds were formed by the solventless and solid-state reactions that were only recently explored in conjunction with the green chemistry. A typical solventless approach exploits the phenomenon of the mixed melting points. As the solid materials are mixed together, the melting point of the mixture becomes lower than the melting points of its individual components. In some cases, the entire mixture may melt upon mixing. These reactions could then occur in a melted state. In the traditional solid-state reactions, the solids are mixed together, which allows for the intimate contact of the reactants, but the reaction occurs without melting. We have shown various examples of the known solventless and solid-state reactions that are particularly relevant to the meteoritic chemistry. We have also placed them in a prebiotic context and evaluated them for their astrobiological significance.
GenomicTools: a computational platform for developing high-throughput analytics in genomics
Authors: Tsirigos Aristotelis , Haiminen Niina , Bilal Erhan , Utro Filippo 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
Motivation: Recent advances in sequencing technology have resulted in the dramatic increase of sequencing data, which, in turn, requires efficient management of computational resources, such as computing time, memory requirements as well as prototyping of computational pipelines.
Results: We present GenomicTools, a flexible computational platform, comprising both a command-line set of tools and a C++ API, for the analysis and manipulation of high-throughput sequencing data such as DNA-seq, RNA-seq, ChIP-seq and MethylC-seq. GenomicTools implements a variety of mathematical operations between sets of genomic regions thereby enabling the prototyping of computational pipelines that can address a wide spectrum of tasks ranging from pre-processing and quality control to meta-analyses. Additionally, the GenomicTools platform is designed to analyze large datasets of any size by minimizing memory requirements. In practical applications, where comparable, GenomicTools outperforms existing tools in terms of both time and memory usage.
Availability: The GenomicTools platform (version 2.0.0) was implemented in C++. The source code, documentation, user manual, example datasets and scripts are available online at http://code.google.com/p/ibm-cbc-genomic-tools.
Contact: atsirigo@us.ibm.com
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
FTSite: high accuracy detection of ligand binding sites on unbound protein structures
Authors: Ngan Chi-Ho , Hall David R. , Zerbe Brandon , Grove Laurie E. , Kozakov Dima , Vajda Sandor 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
Motivation: Binding site identification is a classical problem that is important for a range of applications, including the structure-based prediction of function, the elucidation of functional relationships among proteins, protein engineering and drug design. We describe an accurate method of binding site identification, namely FTSite. This method is based on experimental evidence that ligand binding sites also bind small organic molecules of various shapes and polarity. The FTSite algorithm does not rely on any evolutionary or statistical information, but achieves near experimental accuracy: it is capable of identifying the binding sites in over 94% of apo proteins from established test sets that have been used to evaluate many other binding site prediction methods.
Availability: FTSite is freely available as a web-based server at http://ftsite.bu.edu.
Contact: vajda@bu.edu; midas@bu.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A 1.5 Å resolution X-ray structure of the catalytic module of Caldicellulosiruptor bescii family 3 pectate lyase
Authors: Alahuhta Markus , Chandrayan Puja , Kataeva Irina , Adams Michael W. W. , Himmel Michael E. , Lunin Vladimir V. 
Published: November 2011

A 1.5 Å resolution X-ray structure of the catalytic module of Caldicellulosiruptor bescii family 3 pectate lyase is reported (PDB entry 3t9g). The resulting structure was refined to an R factor of 0.143 and an R
free of 0.178. Structural analysis shows that this new structure is very similar to the previously solved structure of a family 3 pectate lyase from Bacillus sp. strain KSM-P15 (PDB entry 1ee6), with a root-mean-square deviation of 0.93 Å and a sequence identity of 53%. This structural similarity is significant considering that C. bescii is a hyperthermophile and Bacillus sp. is a mesophile.
Piriformospora indica—a mutualistic basidiomycete with an exceptionally large plant host range
Authors: QIANG XIAOYU , WEISS MICHAEL , KOGEL KARL‐HEINZ , SCHÄFER PATRICK 
Published: November 2011

SUMMARYPiriformospora indica is a basidiomycete of the order Sebacinales, representing a model for the study of mutualistic symbiosis and, beyond that, the plant immune system. The fungus colonizes the roots of a wide range of vascular plants, increasing their growth, seed yield and adaptation to abiotic and biotic stresses. The fungal colonization of roots begins with a biotrophic growth phase, in which living cells are colonized, and continues with a cell death‐dependent phase, in which root cells are actively killed by the fungus. The complexity of sebacinalean symbiosis is further enhanced by the presence of endocellular bacteria which may represent significant determinants for a successful outcome of the symbioses. Molecular ecological analyses have revealed an exceptional relevance of sebacinoid fungi in natural ecosystems worldwide. This natural competence could be rooted in their phenotypic adaptability, which, for instance, allows P. indica to grow readily on various synthetic media and to colonize distinct hosts. In molecular and genetic studies, P. indica's mutualistic colonization strategy has been partly unravelled, showing that the jasmonate pathway is exploited for immune suppression and successful development in roots. Research on P. indica supports efforts to make the bioprotective potential of the fungus accessible for agricultural plant production. The decoding of P. indica's genome has revealed its potential for application as bioagent and for targeted improvement of crop plants in biotechnology‐based approaches.