bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Increase in Retinal Thickness as Diagnostic Marker in Central Artery Occlusion
Authors: Wiest Maximilian Robert Justus , Schuknecht Angelika , Hamann Timothy , Fasler Katrin , Said Sadiq , Bajka Anahita , Muth Daniel Rudolf , Barthelmes Daniel , Blaser Frank , Zweifel Sandrine 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the increase in retinal thickness as a marker in predicting the onset of central retinal artery occlusions.
Methods Retrospective clinical study conducted at one Swiss hospital. Electronic records were filtered for patients with artery occlusions. Optical coherence tomography data, including time between the imaging and ischemic event, were reviewed. Increase in relative retinal thickness was measured, defined as an increase in retinal thickness compared to the unaffected partner eye. This was correlated with the time from symptom onset. A cutoff value of relative increase of < 24.5% was applied, as suggested in previous studies. The results were compared to the time gathered from the electronic records, and sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value as well as negative predictive value were calculated for predicting an ischemia time of < 4.5 h.
Results Forty-two eyes from 41 patients with central artery occlusions were identified. Fourteen were female. Mean age was 66.4 ± 15.8 years. Initial corrected visual acuity was 2.41 ± 0.68 logMAR, and 2.13 ± 0.87 logMAR at the last follow-up (p > 0.05). Of eyes with a visual acuity of counting fingers (n = 38) or worse, 89.5% showed no improvement during follow-up, while eyes with logMAR 1 or better (n = 4) improved. Thirteen eyes (13 patients) presented within 4.5 h of the ischemic event. Four patients received i. v. thrombolysis, with visual recovery in one. In 12 eyes with an ischemia time of < 4.5 h, relative increase was below 24.5%. In the remaining 29 eyes with > 4.5 h, relative increase was below 24.5% in 4 eyes and above 24.5% in 25 eyes. This yielded a sensitivity of 92.3%, a specificity of 86.2%, with a positive predictive value of 75.0% and a negative predictive value of 96.2%.
Conclusion Central retinal artery occlusion is associated with severe vision loss. There is no current established therapy. Parameters that objectify the presence of a therapeutic window for thrombolysis are gaining in importance as patient history is often imprecise. Relative retinal thickness increase proved a noninvasive imaging parameter demonstrating adequate performance in detecting patients within the therapeutic window of thrombolysis. Further investigation of this parameter in central retinal occlusion is warranted.
PRESERFLO MicroShunt in Severe Myopia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: George Jérôme , Abouzeid Hana 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe PRESERFLO™ MicroShunt (MP; Santen Inc., Osaka, Japan) is a minimally invasive bleb surgery (MIBS) manufactured to treat primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), with lower postoperative adverse effects than with conventional filtering surgeries. We describe here the case study of a 58-year-old woman who presented with bilateral severe myopia with bilateral advanced POAG and unreached target pressure under quadritherapy, who was successfully managed by PM surgery. A review of the literature completes our observation. At presentation, the patient had a spherical equivalent of − 7.50 RE and − 7.75 LE with an IOP of 22 mmHg right and left eye (RLE) under quadritherapy, and with severe bilateral visual field loss, including scotomas within the central 5°. The patient presented with systemic hypertension treated with an antihypertensive drug. Two selective laser trabeculoplasties (SLT), performed 3 months apart, were first tried on the LE, without any change in IOP at 2
months. After considering the high risk of postoperative complications, a PM operation was proposed, with a targeted IOP in the mid-fifteens RLE. The patientʼs eyes underwent PM surgery with mitomycin C (MMC) MMC0.2 mg/mL for 3 minutes without any complications. The LE required 2 consecutive needlings with 1 mL MMC0.2 mg/mL. At 24 months after surgery, the two eyes gave successful results without the need for any additional medical therapy, and with well-functioning conjunctival blebs. The PM was an effective alternative to the gold standard trabeculectomy in our severely myopic patient. A comparative study between conventional filtering operations and this MIBS in highly myopic patients would confirm our observation.
Ophthalmological Outcomes in Patients with Susac Syndrome
Authors: Schuknecht Angelika , Wiest Maximilian Robert Justus , Said Sadiq , Bajka Anahita , Hamann Timothy , Muth Daniel Rudolf , Fasler Katrin , Blaser Frank , Barthelmes Daniel , Zweifel Sandrine 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background To report ophthalmological outcomes and treatment regimen in patients with Susac syndrome.
Methods This is a retrospective analysis of patients with Susac syndrome treated between November 2015 and March 2023. Multimodal imaging findings, ophthalmic examination data, information on neurological and sensorineural involvement, and therapeutic regimen were reviewed. Visual acuity was recorded as the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR). Ophthalmological manifestations and disease severity were assessed using the previously described clinical activity score (CAS).
Results Ten patients with Susac syndrome m : f = 5 : 5 were identified. The mean follow-up time was 31.2 ± 23.3 months (range 1 to 78 months). The mean age was 41.4 ± 13.8 years (range 21 to 59 years). At baseline, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) was 0.03 ± 0.08 logMAR. At the last follow-up, CDVA improved to 0.00 ± 0.03 logMAR (p = 0.029). Three of 20 eyes showed an improvement of 5 letters, while no loss of visual acuity was recorded during the follow-up time. Baseline CAS was 10.65 ± 12.69, and CAS at the last follow-up was 5.15 ± 5.49 (p = 0.068). Except for one patient, all were initially treated with intravenous (i. v.) steroids and subsequent oral tapering. Depending on the treatment response, cyclophosphamide (n = 4), i. v. immunoglobulins (IVIGs) (n = 4), anti-CD20 antibodies (n = 3), or plasmapheresis (n = 1) were applied. All patients under treatment for more than 1 month (n = 9) showed improvement in CAS and CDVA.
Conclusion Susac syndrome is a rare autoimmune vascular endotheliopathy. Treatment of Susac syndrome appears to result in improving CAS and CDVA. The majority of patients, in addition to the systemic steroids, required systemic immunosuppressive agents. Interdisciplinary communication is crucial to reduce the time to diagnosis and initiation of therapy in patients with Susac syndrome.
Influence of Post-radiation Ocular Surface Disorder on Ocular Surgery: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Gjukaj Driton , Morina Ilir , Valmaggia Christophe , Ammann Dagmar , Todorova Margarita G. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background Ocular surface disorder after ocular radiation therapy, even though commonly reported, is often overlooked. Any delay in diagnosis may lead to complications that threaten vision. The presented case highlights the clinical outcome of a severe post-radiation disorder of the ocular surface, the importance of intensive therapy, and the limitations of further surgical interventions.
Case presentation A 34-year-old woman was referred for a second opinion due to a years-long history of pain and redness in her right eye (OD) after proton beam therapy for recurrent iris melanoma. The patient then developed post-radiation retinopathy with macula edema, secondary glaucoma, cataract, as well as a severe ocular surface disorder with corneal decompensation and band keratopathy. Several surgical treatments have been attempted, including phacoemulsification with IOL implantation and trabeculectomy with mitomycin C. Due to refractory glaucoma, Baerveldt glaucoma drainage was then necessary. Given the worsening clinical presentation of post-radiation ocular surface disorder with progressing band keratopathy, the possibility of penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) was discussed.
Conclusion The continuous worsening of clinical symptoms of the disorder of the ocular surface after proton beam radiotherapy can be the result of a post-radiation syndrome. Gradual expansion of ischemia, vasculitis, and inflammatory mediators compresses the retinal tissue, leading to recurrent macular edema as well as to secondary glaucoma and corneal decompensation. Band keratopathy is occasionally noted and seems to result from severe post-radiation disorder of the ocular surface. However, PKP would typically be indicated in cases of corneal perforation, uncontrolled infectious keratitis, or for improving vision in the presence of corneal opacification, none of which applied to our patient. Furthermore, post-radiation keratopathy implies compromised corneal stromal lymphogenesis and angiogenesis, both of which are now considered essential conditions for allograft rejection. Moreover, a previously performed Baerveldt glaucoma drainage surgery can affect the survival
rate of the endothelial cells of the recipient cornea. Therefore, a penetrating or endothelial keratoplasty should be viewed as a high-risk procedure. In this instance, the rigorous treatment of the severe ocular surface disorder was crucial. We managed our patientʼs complex situation by following the latest guidelines set by the Tear Film & Ocular Surface Society and aimed to alleviate the symptoms as effectively as possible. In conclusion, careful decision-making regarding surgical treatment options should be considered, taking into account the complexities and potential risks involved.
Influence of Pre- and Intraoperative Local Anaesthetic in Strabismus Surgery under General Anaesthesia in Adults
Authors: Felber Daniel , Roulez Francoise , Palmowski-Wolfe Anja 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background As studies have shown a reduction in the occurrence of the oculocardiac reflex with the addition of local anaesthesia, we changed our care regime accordingly a few years ago. To promote and establish better patient care, we retrospectively analysed the files of our patients who underwent strabismus surgery from 2013 to 2021 in order to compare strabismus surgery under general anaesthesia with and without local anaesthetics in a routine clinical setting.
Patients and Methods Data from 238 adult patients who had undergone strabismus surgery could be extracted from the files: G1: n = 102, only general anaesthesia; G2: n = 136, preoperative application of tetracaine eye drops and intraoperative subtenon lidocaine/levobupivacaine in addition to general anaesthesia. We compared the two groups in regard to the frequency of oculocardiac reflex, the amount of atropine needed to treat, as well as the amount of antiemetic and analgesic medication given, and time spent in the recovery room.
Results Mean age of G1 was 50 years and 52 years in G2. There was no significant difference between the kind of surgeries (recessions/resections), the number of patients who had undergone a reoperation, or the duration of the operations. Adding local anaesthetics resulted in significantly less occurrence of oculocardiac reflex (p = 0.009), a reduction in the need for atropine, analgesic, or antiemetic medication, as well as reduced time in the recovery room.
Conclusion As this increases patient safety and comfort and is cost-effective (less time in the recovery room), we recommend adding perioperative local anaesthesia to strabismus surgery performed under general anaesthesia.
„Pressure kills kidneys“: Schutz des oberen Harntrakts durch neuro-urologisches Management
Authors: Queißert Fabian , Schrader Andres Jan 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungBei der Low Compliance handelt es sich um keine eigene Krankheitsentität, sondern ein schweres Erscheinungsbild als Folge unterschiedlicher Störungen der Speicher- und Ausscheidungsfunktion der Harnblase. Die verminderte Dehnbarkeit des Detrusors kann zu einer Druckbelastung des oberen Harntrakts führen, aber auch drangdominante LUTS und Harnwegsinfektionen können resultieren. Neurogene Ursachen, v.a. die Querschnittslähmung/Spina bifida aber auch iatrogene Schäden oder eine subvesikale Obstruktion können u.a. zur Entstehung beitragen. Der Beitrag soll über die Verbreitung und komplexen pathogenetischen Mechanismen, aber auch notwendige diagnostische Schritte informieren. Unterschiedliche medikamentöse, interventionelle und operative Behandlungsstrategien werden anhand aktueller wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse bewertet und der Leser so in der Betreuung dieses komplexen Patientenklientels unterstützt.
The Top Ranked 101 Articles in Pediatric Surgical Journals from an Altmetric Perspective
Authors: Shu Boshen , Riedel Jan , Lacher Martin , Mayer Steffi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction In the era of scientific digitalization, online media platforms gain increasing popularity to accomplish research output awareness. The Altmetric Attention Score AAS weights these online mentions based on a privy algorithm. We aimed to characterize the top 100 articles with the highest (AAS) published in pediatric surgery journals.
Materials and Methods Publications from six core pediatric surgery journals were retrieved from www.altmetric.com in January 2023 and ranked by their AAS. The top 101 publications were analyzed for their bibliometric measures, study design, and quality as well as online media mentions.
Results The top 101 AAS articles were published between 1974 and 2022, preferentially from the United States (64%) and mainly in Journal of Pediatric Surgery (73%), followed by Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports, Pediatric Surgery International, Seminars in Pediatric Surgery, and European Journal of Pediatric Surgery. Their AAS ranged between 21 and 389 (median: 33), with Twitter/X being mostly responsible for online mentions (n = 2,189; 75%). The number of citations in peer-reviewed journals ranged between 0 and 358 (median: 16) and did not correlate to AAS. Retrospective study design (33%) with low evidence level IV (43%) dominated.
Conclusion The Journal of Pediatric Surgery is the main source of high-profile AAS publications in pediatric surgery. The altmetric popularity of articles is predominantly achieved by their propagation via X, irrespective of the study quality and recognition in the scientific community. Thus, active “twitterism” may play the key role to reach high AAS scores.
Bismuth Triflate Catalyzed Intermolecular Cyclization of Thiophenols with Allylic Alcohols
Authors: Minakawa Maki , Inaba Taichi , Oikawa Shoki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe catalytic intermolecular cyclization of thiophenols with allylic alcohols in the presence of bismuth triflate afforded the corresponding thiochromane derivatives in a one-pot reaction. The Bi(OTf)3-catalyzed reaction was also applied to the intermolecular cyclization of diaryl disulfides with 3-methylbut-2-en-1-ol to produce the corresponding thiochromanes.
Organophotocatalytic or Electrophotocatalytic Reduction and Functionalization Reactions with a Thioxanthone-TfOH Complex Catalyst
Authors: Zhang Yanbin , Guo Hao , Kang Wen-Jie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThioxanthone has long been a prominent catalyst in the field of photocatalysis, owing to its high triplet energy and long triplet lifetime that render it suitable for energy transfer reactions. However, its low oxidation potential and short singlet lifetime have posed challenges when employing it for electron-transfer reactions. This account summarizes our efforts in developing a potent and long-lived thioxanthone-TfOH complex (9-HTXTF) catalyst, and its application in energy-demanding redox transformations such as organophotocatalytic or electrophotocatalytic reduction and functionalization reactions.1	Introduction2	Discovery and Properties of the Catalyst 9-HTXTF3	Organophotocatalysis4	Electrophotocatalysis5	Conclusion
Novas técnicas de enxertia para reconstrucão do LCA: Artigo de atualização
Authors: Lara Paulo Henrique Schmidt , Novaretti João Victor , Nunes Gilvan Rodrigues da Silva , Cohen Moises , Ramos Leonardo Addêo 
Published: April 2024

ResumoA reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) é um procedimento comum para lesões desse ligamento, especialmente em atletas. Existem diferentes tipos de enxertos utilizados, e a escolha depende de vários fatores. Os enxertos autólogos, do próprio paciente, são a opção mais comum, com rápida incorporação e menor taxa de falha. Enxertos aloenxertos, de doadores, têm seu papel em casos específicos. Os enxertos sintéticos, usados na década de 80, têm vantagens como ausência de morbidade no local doador, mas estudos mostraram complicações a longo prazo. Os enxertos híbridos, combinando enxertos autólogos e aloenxertos, têm ganhado interesse, permitindo um diâmetro maior e reduzindo a morbidade. O enxerto autólogo do tendão do músculo fibular longo tem recebido atenção, com resultados positivos, boa função do joelho e menor hipotrofia da coxa no local doador. O enxerto autólogo do tendão quadricipital tem ganhado popularidade, com resultados comparáveis aos enxertos de tendão patelar e de flexores, menor morbidade no local doador e menor taxa de re-ruptura. A escolha do enxerto evoluiu, com os enxertos autólogos de flexores sendo preferidos para pacientes menos ativos e o enxerto patelar com fragmento ósseo para atletas de alta performance. Enxertos aloenxertos, sintéticos e híbridos têm seu papel em circunstâncias específicas. A escolha deve ser baseada em evidências científicas, considerando vantagens e desvantagens. A reconstrução do LCA é um procedimento complexo que requer considerações individuais para selecionar o enxerto mais adequado.
A systematic review and meta-analysis on abnormal posturing among brain injury patients
Authors: Wei Yuyu , Cui Yan , Pang Xiaojun , Wang Weijie 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background Abnormal motor posturing (AMP), exhibiting as decorticate, decerebrate, or opisthotonos, is regularly noticed among children and adults.
Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the risk factors and outcome of posturing among severe head and brain injury subjects.
Methods Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and using MeSH terms: “decerebrate posturing”, “opisthotonic posturing”, “brain injury”, and/or “cerebral injury” articles were searched on Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, and google scholar databases. Observational studies, case series, and case reports were included.
Results A total of 1953 studies were retrieved initially, and based on the selection criteria, 20 studies were finally selected for review and were analyzed for meta-analysis based on the mortality between the hematomas. The functional outcomes of this study are the risk factors, mortality rate and Glasgow Outcome Scale. Decerebrative patients were higher among the studies related to head injury surgeries. Males were mainly treated for decerebrate postures compared with the female subjects. Extradural hematoma and acute subdural hematoma with cerebral contusion were quite common in the surgical mass lesions.
Conclusion The findings reported that the lesion types, the operative procedures, and the age of the decerebrating patients with brain injuries are the significant prognostic factors determining the survival outcomes.
The Association between Sickle Cell Disease and Postpartum Severe Maternal Morbidity
Authors: Poliektov Natalie E. , Vuncannon Danielle M. , Ha Thoa K. , Lindsay Michael K. , Chandrasekaran Suchitra 
Published: April 2024

Objective To compare the risk of severe maternal morbidity (SMM) from the delivery admission to 42 days' postdischarge among persons with sickle cell disease (SCD) to those without SCD.
Study Design This retrospective cohort study included deliveries ≥20 weeks' gestation at an urban safety net hospital in Atlanta, GA from 2011 to 2019. The exposure was SCD diagnosis. The outcome was a composite of SMM from the delivery admission to 42 days' postdischarge. SMM indicators as defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth and Tenth Revisions (ICD-9/10) codes; transfusion of blood products and sickle cell crisis were excluded.
Results Of N = 17,354 delivery admissions, n = 92 (0.53%) had SCD. Persons with SCD versus without SCD had an increased risk of composite SMM (15.22 vs. 2.29%, p < 0.001), acute renal failure (6.52 vs. 0.71%, p < 0.001), acute respiratory distress syndrome (4.35 vs. 0.17%, p < 0.001), puerperal cerebrovascular disorders (3.26 vs. 0.10%, p < 0.001), sepsis (4.35 vs. 0.42%, p < 0.01), air and thrombotic embolism (5.43 vs. 0.10%, p < 0.001), and ventilation (2.17 vs. 0.09%, p < 0.01). Ultimately, those with SCD had an approximately 6-fold higher incidence risk ratio of SMM, which remained after adjustment for confounders (adjusted incidence risk ratio [aIRR]: 5.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.4–9.19, p < 0.001). Persons with SCD in active vaso-occlusive crisis at the delivery admission had an approximately 9-fold higher risk of SMM up to 42 days' postdischarge compared with those with SCD not in crisis at the delivery admission (incidence: 25.71 vs. 8.77%, p < 0.05; aIRR: 8.92, 95% CI: 4.5–10.04, p < 0.05). Among those with SCD, SMM at the delivery admission was primarily related to renal and cerebrovascular events, whereas most postpartum SMM was related to respiratory events or sepsis.
Conclusion SCD is significantly associated with an increased risk of SMM during the delivery admission and through 42 days' postdischarge. Active crisis at delivery further increases the risk of SMM.
Key Points
Fight or flight? Intended behavior in a school shooting among students who support or oppose concealed campus carry
Authors: Dum Christopher P. , Myers Quintin , Weng Kevin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractColleges across the country have considered or permitted policies that allow students to carry weapons on campus. While scholarship has examined opinions about these laws, we know little about how students intend to carry on campus. For instance, would students proactively intervene or is carrying a last resort? This study uses in-depth interviews with students who support or oppose concealed campus carry to explore how they would approach an active shooter situation. Results show that both groups prioritize escape versus seeking confrontation, and while some students have unrealistic expectations about intervening in an active shooter situation, many students who wish to carry have serious misgivings about their abilities to neutralize a shooter. We conclude by discussing the policy implications for campus security.
High spatial resolution surface plasmon resonance imaging using a plasmonic chip
Authors: Nawa Yasunori , Tawa Keiko 
Published: April 2024

The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique has been widely applied to biosensing technologies for the rapid quantification of biomolecules without enzyme and fluorescent labeling. However, the conventional prism-coupling SPR method generally has a detection area of a few mm2, and the large contribution of the background signal forms a barrier to highly sensitive detection. Based on a highly spatially resolved SPR method, the present study constructed a scanning GC-SPR imaging instrument using an objective lens with a high numerical aperture and a plasmonic chip that could be used for grating-coupled SPR. Focusing light on the diffraction limit can suppress background signals and improve detection sensitivity. SPR imaging can also be performed by scanning a focal spot. Using this method, the refractive index of a mixture of water and dimethyl sulfoxide was measured with a detection accuracy of 2.43 × 10−3 RIU. Polydopamine films prepared with a thickness of &lt;5 nm were also measured, and each film thickness was evaluated with high sensitivity from the effective refractive index detected in a small area of &lt;1 µm2.