bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma Ceramides Predict All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Liu Sylvia , Tham Wai Kin , Lee Janus , Ang Keven , Zheng Huili , Chan Clara , Gurung Resham L , Tavintharan Subramaniam , Sum Chee Fang , Wenk Markus R , Torta Federico , Liu Jian-Jun , Lim Su Chi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Context
The Cardiovascular Event Risk Test (CERT1) score derived from plasma ceramides has been applied clinically for cardiovascular risk assessment.

Objective
To study whether plasma ceramides predict risk of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods
In a prospective study that included 1903 outpatients with type 2 diabetes in a regional hospital and a primary care facility in Singapore, plasma ceramides (d18:1/16:0, d18:1/18:0, d18:1/24:0, d18:1/24:1) were measured by mass spectrometry and CERT1 score was calculated accordingly. Main outcomes were all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

Results
During a median of 9.3 years of follow-up, 252 death events were identified. Compared to those with low score (≤ 2), participants with a high CERT1 score (≥ 7) had 1.86-fold (95% CI, 1.30-3.65) increased risk for all-cause death after adjustment for cardiorenal risk factors, including estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria. As continuous variable, 1-unit increment in CERT1 was associated with 8% increased risk for all-cause death (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.08 [1.04-1.13]). Adding CERT1 onto Risk Equations for Complications Of type 2 Diabetes (RECODe) mortality risk engine significantly improved prediction of 10-year risk of all-cause death (area under the curve, 0.810 to 0.823, delta 0.013 [0.005-0.022]). The association between CERT1 and noncardiovascular death remained significant (adjusted HR 2.12 [1.32-3.42]), whereas its association with cardiovascular death became nonsignificant after adjustment for kidney measurements (adjusted HR 1.41 [0.78-2.56]).

Conclusion
CERT1 score predicts mortality risk independent of clinical cardiorenal risk factors. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanistic linkage between ceramide and mortality, especially noncardiovascular mortality.
Randomized Trial of Postoperative Radiation Therapy After Wide Excision of Neurotropic Melanoma of the Head and Neck (RTN2 Trial 01.09)
Authors: Pinkham Mark B. , Herschtal A. , Hong A. M. , Chua M. S. -T. , Scolyer R. A. , Cumming S. , Pullar A. , Nobes J. , Barker C. A. , Guadagnolo B. A. , Fogarty G. B. , Burmeister B. H. , Foote M. C. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Cutaneous neurotropic melanoma (NM) of the head and neck (H&N) is prone to local relapse, possibly due to difficulties widely excising the tumor. This trial assessed radiation therapy (RT) to the primary site after local excision.

Methods
Participants from 15 international centers were randomized to observation or RT. The participants were required to have microscopically negative excision margins 5 mm wide or wider and no evidence of disease elsewhere. The primary outcome was time to local relapse. The secondary outcomes included time to any recurrence, overall survival (OS), and toxicity.

Results
The trial ceased prematurely due to slow recruitment and the COVID-19 pandemic. During 2009–2020, 50 participants were randomized: 23 to observation and 27 to RT. The most common NM subsites were scalp (32%), midface (22%), and lip (20%). The median depth of invasion was 5 mm, and desmoplasia observed in 69%. The median duration from randomization to last contact was 4.8 years. Four participants (8%) experienced local relapse as a first recurrence during the study period: 3 in the observation arm and 1 in the RT arm (hazard ratio [HR] 0.29; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.03–2.76; p = 0.279). No statistically significant difference in time to any relapse or OS was observed. More than 6 months after randomization, grade 3 or greater toxicity was experienced by 10% of the participants in the observation arm and 12.5% of the participants in the RT arm of the study.

Conclusion
Due to low accrual, the role of adjuvant RT for cutaneous NM of the H&N excised with microscopically negative margins 5 mm wide or wider remains undefined. Its routine use cannot be recommended. Local relapse might be less common than previously anticipated based on retrospective reports.
Predictors of surgical management in diabetic foot infections
Authors: Demirdal Tuna , Sen Pinar 
Published: June 2024

Objective: Early recognition of the need for surgical intervention is crucial in terms of limiting amputation level and decreasing mortality. We aimed to determine the risk factors for limb loss in patients with diabetic foot infection (DFI). Method: Data of hospitalised patients with a DFI between 2010 and 2019 were collected retrospectively from their hospital records. Clinical and laboratory findings were analysed according to the type of treatment. Results: Data were collected for 401 patients, 280 (69.8%) of whom were male. The mean age was 59.6±11.1 years. Treatment modalities included: medical treatment (36.4%); debridement/drainage (21.9%); minor amputation (17.7%); and major amputation (23.9%). Forefoot infection (odds ratio (OR): 3.347; 95% confidence interval (Cl): 1.408–7.956) and peripheral arterial disease (OR: 4.990; 95% Cl: 1.225–20.324) were found to be significant in predicting limb loss, while duration of diabetes (≥20 years) and absence of forefoot infection were significant predictors of debridement/drainage. Subgroup analysis showed that high leukocyte levels (>16.4K/μl) and forefoot infections were independent predictors for major and minor amputation, respectively. Conclusion: The clinical parameters used in this study are simple, broadly available, cost-effective and promising for predicting limb loss in patients with DFI.
Association between estimated plasma volume status and acute kidney injury in patients who underwent coronary revascularization: A retrospective cohort study from the MIMIC-IV database
Authors: Yang Xinping , Zhang Fan , Zhan Yongqiang , Liu Zhiheng , Wang Wenjing , Shi Jiahua 
Published: June 2024

Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a common complication of coronary revascularization and increases poor outcomes in critically ill surgical patients. Compared to the plasma volume status (PVS), estimated plasma volume status (ePVS) has the advantages of being noninvasive and simple and has been shown to be associated with worse prognosis in patients undergoing coronary revascularization. This study was to evaluate the association of ePVS with the risk of AKI in patients who underwent coronary revascularization.

Methods
In this retrospective cohort study, data of patients who underwent coronary revascularization were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV database (2008–2019). The outcome was the occurrence of AKI after ICU admission. The covariates were screened via the LASSO regression method. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression models were performed to assess the association of ePVS and PVS and the odds of AKI in patients who underwent coronary revascularization, with results shown as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses of age, surgery, and anticoagulation agents and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score were performed to further explore the association of ePVS with AKI.

Results
A total of 3,961 patients who underwent coronary revascularization were included in this study, of whom 2,863 (72.28%) had AKI. The high ePVS was associated with the higher odds of AKI in patients who received coronary revascularization (OR = 1.06, 95%CI: 1.02–1.10), after adjusting for the covariates such as age, race, SAPS-II score, SOFA score, CCI, weight, heart rate, WBC, RDW-CV, PT, BUN, glucose, calcium, PH, PaO2, mechanical ventilation, vasopressors, and diuretic. Similar results were found in patients who underwent the CABG (OR = 1.07, 95%CI: 1.02–1.11), without anticoagulation agents use (OR = 1.07, 95%CI: 1.03–1.12) and with high SOFA score (OR = 1.10, 95%CI: 1.04–1.17). No relationship was found between PVS and the odds of AKI in patients who underwent the coronary revascularization.

Conclusion
The ePVS may be a promising parameter to evaluate the risk of AKI in patients undergoing coronary revascularization, which provides a certain reference for the risk stratification management of ICU patients who underwent coronary revascularization.
Enhancing clinical decision-making: Sysmex UF-5000 as a screening tool for bacterial urinary tract infection in children
Authors: Liu Ping , Ban Chuanwei , Wang Juan , Zeng Qian , Chen Mengmeng , Wang Ling , Lv Xin 
Published: June 2024

Background
A rapid screening test for urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children is needed to avoid unnecessary cultures and provide prompt reports to make appropriate clinical decisions. We have evaluated for the first time the performance of the Sysmex UF-5000 flow cytometer as a screening tool for UTIs in children.

Methods
This study included 4445 pediatric patients, with urinary sediment and urine culture data collected from January 2020 to September 2023. The Sysmex UF-5000 analyzer was utilized to measure urine white blood cell (WBC) and bacteria (BACT), with the findings being compared to the culture results.

Results
At ≥ 104 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL, 513 samples were culture-positive (400 samples presented 104–105 CFU/mL, and 113 demonstrated ≥ 105 CFU/mL bacterial growth). Optimal indicators for positive cultures were BACT counts of 92.2/μL (AUC: 0.944) and WBC counts of 40.8/μL (AUC:0.863). False negative rate were 0.9% when using a 7.8 bacteria/μL cut-off and avoiding unnecessary cultures in 28.1%. The UF-5000 has a higher consistency rate for Gram-negative (GN) bacteria (90.3%) than Gram-positive (GP) bacteria (86.8%). For samples with 105 CFU/mL, UF-5000’s Bacteria -Information flags showed superior concordance for samples with 104−105 CFU/mL bacteria.

Conclusions
Screening pediatric urine cultures with the UF-5000 showed potential application value in identifying negative cultures and significant bacterial growth, although performance may vary depending on the study population. Furthermore, detecting Gram typing aids in guiding early clinical empirical medication, particularly for UTIs caused by GN bacteria.
Low regularity conservation laws for Fokas-Lenells equation and Camassa-Holm equation
Authors: Shan Minjie , Chen Mingjuan , Lu Yufeng , Wang Jing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this article, we mainly prove low regularity conservation laws for the Fokas-Lenells equation in Besov spaces with small initial data both on the line and on the circle. We develop a new technique in Fourier analysis and complex analysis to obtain the a priori estimates. It is based on the perturbation determinant associated with the Lax pair introduced by Killip, Vişan, and Zhang for completely integrable dispersive partial differential equations. Additionally, we also utilize the perturbation determinant to derive the global a priori estimates for the Schwartz solutions to the Camassa-Holm (CH) equation in

H

1

{H}^{1}

. Even though the energy conservation law of the CH equation is a fact known to all, the perturbation determinant method indicates that we cannot get any conserved quantities for the CH equation in

H

k

{H}^{k}

except

k
=
1

k=1

.
Theoriebildung und ihre Prosa
Authors: Gehring Petra 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Regarding the question of “theory”, the paper takes the perspective of creation, i. e. of producing texts that exhibit theoretical qualities and that in this sense both do justice to a – certainly complex – “function” of philosophical theory and also “work” as theory (namely in a sustainable way, and perhaps also beyond the current scientific orthodoxies) and can thus be received in the long line of the philosophically relevant reading canon.
On the one hand, it is proposed to take the project character of philosophical theory seriously. On the other hand, the conditions for the success of philosophical (theoretical) prose have to be looked at carefully. In addition to scholarship and a critical concern with and deep knowledge of discourse, literary qualities are also relevant. There is interplay between time-bound – i. e. historically changing – requirements and a paradoxically persistent style of philosophizing that proceeds despite the plurality of canonical references. “Philosophy”, of course, is not something timeless; it remains something provincial on an intercultural scale and, in principle, something that can be lost.
Recruiting and retaining BIPOC teachers: project HEART
Authors: Andrei Elena , Purcell Terri , Jackson Debbie 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We are a team of experienced teacher educators working with various licensure programs: teaching English to speakers of other languages, literacy, primary, science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. In the summer of 2020, as faculty in a college of education in an urban area in upper Midwest, we participated in a grassroots faculty-led initiative around interrogating teaching and learning structures in pursuit of equity and social justice. Following that initiative, we have embarked on a project to increase the recruitment and retention of Black, Indigenous and People of Color (BIPOC) teachers. The team project is cross-institutional and consists of faculty, staff, and leaders from an urban university, a large urban school district, and the local community college. Using improvement science and an equity literacy framework, we explore ways to strengthen our interconnected pipeline to recruit, train, employ, and support BIPOC teachers. With the spirit of collaboration and shared beliefs, we aim to dismantle unjust and inequitable practices and create racially just and sustainable communities for BIPOC students and teachers. This article will share how we operationalize the three pillars of our project (collaboration, shared beliefs, and sustainability) to diversify our teacher preparation programs and increase representation within the teaching community.
Competition among visual, verbal, and auditory modalities: a socio-semiotic perspective
Authors: Zhou Nana 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article presents a fresh perspective on the interplay among visual, verbal, and auditory modalities, positing that these modalities, as semogenic resources, compete to express dynamic meanings. The theoretical paradigm emphasizes that whether a modality or an element within a modality gets or loses semantic status, it will elicit an additional layer of social meaning to depict a comprehensive picture of a story together with an explicit semiotic meaning. The article adopts a qualitative method to analyze the data, which are drawn from The Good Wife and My Roommate is a Gumiho and annotated in ELAN 6.3. It was found that modal competition can shed light on the dynamic meaning-making processes in semiotic and societal orientations. Modal competition may distort space and time of different stories, and reconstruct a different discursive spatio-temporal dimension in the TV world. It can diversify the dynamic orientations from New to Given in visual, verbal, and auditory texts of multimodal discourses to tell stories. Modal competition provides a lens to understand the multidimensional reality and to appreciate the aesthetics of a modern TV series.
¿Un dataiudex en Colombia?
Authors: Otálora Gómez Andrés Felipe 
Published: June 2024

¿Puede emplearse Inteligencia Artificial (IA) para decidir un caso judicial? Esta pregunta comenzó a hacerse en Colombia a partir de enero del 2023, cuando un juez utilizó ChatGPT para sustentar la determinación adoptada al decidir un recurso de tutela (amparo). La discusión giró en torno ha si el operador judicial podía o no recurrir al mencionado aplicativo, ya que la normativa vigente resulta ambigua al respecto; sin embargo, hay un aspecto de la discusión que no fue tenido en cuenta: saber si la providencia está bien o mal elaborada.

El propósito de este trabajo es analizar la estructura de la decisión desde un enfoque argumentativo del derecho, examinándola a partir de la perspectiva material, formal y pragmática, con el propósito de establecer si cumple con el esquema que debe tener toda argumentación jurídica, y por consiguiente si ChatGPT es admisible como un recurso que los jueces pueden utilizar.
Incarcereted Epigastric Hernia with Liver Content: a Case Report
Authors: Ozkan Cenk , Yilmaz Serhan , Sibic Osman 
Published: June 2024

The epigastric hernia sac usually contains preperitoneal fat tissue, omentum, and intestines, but the presence of liver tissue is extremely rare. Epigastric hernia is a type of hernia in the midline of the abdominal wall between the umbilicus and the xiphoid process. It may be asymptomatic in some patients and cause complaints such as pain and nausea in most patients, but serious complications such as incarceration and strangulation are rare. In the present case, a 74-year-old woman was examined and found to have an irreduced omentum, transverse colon and liver tissue inside the hernia sac. She underwent an open procedure with onlay mesh-assisted hernia repair. Rare but serious complications, such as liver tissue incarceration, should be considered in epigastric hernia patients.
Mastoid foramen: morphometric study in dry skulls of Colombian population
Authors: Duque-Parra Jorge Eduardo , Díaz-Vallejo Jhony Alejandro , Londoño-Garzón Eduardo 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The mastoid foramen is an anatomically inconstant opening that transmits the mastoid emissary vein. It is located either near the occipitomastoid suture or at the posterior margin of the mastoid process of the temporal bone. Knowledge of the anatomic and morphologic variations of this foramen is essential to prevent complications during surgical procedures.
Objective: To describe the anatomical and morphometric characteristics of the mastoid foramen in a sample of skulls of Colombian population.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in 103 dry skulls (206 hemiskulls) of adults (35-55 years old) owned by the human skeletal repositories of three universities in Manizales, Colombia. The mastoid part of the temporal bone and the occipitomastoid suture were observed macroscopically to determine the prevalence and number of mastoid foramina. The morphometric characteristics of the foramina were determined using a digital caliper and each foramen was probed using 0.35mm diameter nylon. In addition, a 100mL syringe was used to filter water through the foramina in order to verify the intracranial connection of each foramen.
Results: The prevalence of mastoid foramen was 94.17% (right half: 95.15%; left half: 93.20%). Moreover, 10.82%, 42.78% and 37.63% of the left and right skull halves had three, two, and one foramen, respectively. Most of the foramina (55.87%) communicated with the groove for sigmoid sinus.
Conclusions: In the Colombian population, the mastoid foramen is variable in size, may be absent or have one or more foramina in each skull half, and usually communicates with the groove for sigmoid sinus, although it may communicate with other parts of the endocranium.
Contribution of epicardial adipose tissue to atrial fibrillation development in patients with arterial hypertension: a pilot study
Authors: Miklishanskaya S. V. , Mazur N. A. , Chapurnykh A. V. , Saidova M. A. , Narusov O. Ya. , Orlovsky S. A. 
Published: June 2024

Aim. To evaluate the value of body mass index (BMI), visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) depots in the development of atrial fibrillation (AF).Material and methods. The study included 24 people with isolated hypertension (HTN) and 28 people with HTN in combination with AF. The median age of patients was 61,5 [53,8;69,0] years. The observational study assessed height, weight, BMI, proportion of VAT, EAT thickness, and cardiac chamber sizes. Height was measured using a metal height meter Rm-1 "Diakoms"; the results were expressed in centimeters. Weight, BMI, and VAT proportion were measured using an Omron BF-508 body composition monitor (Omron, Japan). EAT thickness and cardiac chamber sizes were assessed using two-dimensional echocardiography. Univariate logistic regression models were used to assess the independent contribution of the identified factors associated with the disease presence.Results. Hypertensive patients with and without AF were comparable in terms of BMI and VAT content. At the same time, the EAT content was significantly higher in the group of patients with HTN and AF and amounted to 7,0 [5,0;8,2] mm and 6,0 [4,5;7,0] mm (p=0,027) in the group HTN with and without AF, respectively.Left atrial (LA) volume was 70 [55,2;83,0] ml and 52 [45,5;59,0] ml (p=0,003) in the hypertensive group with and without AF, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed the greatest significance of EAT and LA volume in terms of AF prediction. Logistic regression models did not reveal significant effect of VAT.Conclusion. In hypertensive patients with and without AF at comparable levels of BMI and VAT, differences in EAT thickness and LA volume were identified. Univariate analysis showed that these factors have an advantage in the development of AF. However, even despite the limited sample, the EAT depot was found to be more significant than the VAT depot and BMI in predicting the AF risk.The data that EAT depot and LA volume have the same effect on the arrhythmia risk indicates that patients with AF should be treated not only for hypertension, but also hidden obesity, which we can judge by EAT thickness.
Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome — a new concept of the association of risk factors and metabolic disorders within the cardiovascular and renal continuum. View on the issue
Authors: Arabidze G. G. , Mamedov M. N. 
Published: June 2024

In 2023, the American Heart Association for the first time formally defined cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome as a systemic disease characterized by pathophysiological interactions between metabolic risk factors, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cardiovascular system, leading to multiple organ dysfunction and a common adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Data are presented based on the pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical manifestations that made it possible to define this syndrome through the interaction between metabolic risk factors, CKD and the cardiovascular system, leading to multiple organ dysfunction and a high level of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. A classification of this syndrome into stages has been determined, for each of which approaches to the diagnosis and management of patients have been defined. CKM syndrome reflects the influence of multisystem pathophysiological relationships embedded in a multi-level socially and clinically determined community of manifestations, the fusion of which specifies clinical outcomes.