bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis and clinical value of the expression of metalloproteases and their inhibitors by intratumour stromal mononuclear inflammatory cells and those at the invasive front of breast carcinomas
Authors: González Luis O , González‐Reyes Salomé , Marín Laura , González Lucía , González José M , Lamelas Maria L , Merino Antonio M , Rodríguez Elena , Pidal Iván , del Casar José M , Andicoechea Alejandro , Vizoso Francisco 
Published: December 2010

González L O, González‐Reyes S, Marín L, González L, González J M, Lamelas M L, Merino A M, Rodríguez E, Pidal I, del Casar J M, Andicoechea A & Vizoso F (2010) Histopathology57, 862–876 Comparative analysis and clinical value of the expression of metalloproteases and their inhibitors by intratumour stromal mononuclear inflammatory cells and those at the invasive front of breast carcinomas Aims:  Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs) play an essential role in the degradation of stromal connective tissue and basement membrane components. The aim of this study was to determine whether the dynamic analysis of these components can help to predict tumour aggressiveness.Methods and results:  An immunohistochemical study was performed using tissue arrays and specific antibodies against MMPs ‐1, ‐2, ‐7, ‐9, ‐11, ‐13 and ‐14 and TIMPs ‐1, ‐2 and ‐3. More than 5000 determinations on cancer specimens from 124 patients with invasive breast cancer were performed on the tumour centre core as well as on the invasive front. Immunostaining for MMPs/TIMPs on mononuclear inflammatory cells (MICs) was evaluated. To identify specific groups of tumours with distinct expression profiles, data obtained from both MICs populations were analysed by unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis. When compared with MICs at the invasive front, intratumour MICs more frequently showed expression of MMP‐7 and ‐1 and TIMP‐3, but less frequently expression of MMP‐9 and ‐11 and TIMP‐2.Conclusions:  Our data led us to consider the need of further studies in order to identify subsets of MICs and other protein elements of the microenvironment as attractive targets for new therapeutic strategies against cancer.
Renal oncocytoma revisited: a clinicopathological study of 109 cases with emphasis on problematic diagnostic features
Authors: Trpkov Kiril , Yilmaz Asli , Uzer Dina , Dishongh Kristin M , Quick Charles M , Bismar Tarek A , Gokden Neriman 
Published: December 2010

Trpkov K, Yilmaz A, Uzer D, Dishongh K M, Quick C M, Bismar T A & Gokden N (2010) Histopathology57, 893–906 Renal oncocytoma revisited: a clinicopathological study of 109 cases with emphasis on problematic diagnostic features Aim:  To evaluate problematic diagnostic features in renal oncocytoma.Methods and results:  One hundred and nine cases of oncocytoma were reviewed and the problematic gross and microscopic features recorded. Multifocal and bilateral neoplasms were found in 12 (11%) and five (4.6%) cases, respectively. Haemorrhage was seen grossly in 30 (27.5%) neoplasms and a central scar was identified in 35 (32.1%). On microscopy, perinephric fat extension was present in 17 (15.6%) neoplasms and vascular extension was identified in four (3.7%) oncocytomas. Rare mitoses and focal coagulative necrosis were identified in two (1.8%) cases each. Focal clear cell changes were found in 16 (14.7%) oncocytomas, typically within hyalinized areas. Limited foci with chromophobe‐like histology (not exceeding 5% of the neoplasm) were found in 13 (11.9%) oncocytomas. In 12 (11%) oncocytomas, rare papillary formations were noted in the lumina of microcysts. Significant nuclear atypia, oncoblasts and entrapped tubules were identified in 27 (24.8%), 41 (37.6%) and 40 (36.7%) neoplasms, respectively. After a median follow‐up of 52 months (range 1–113 months), there was no disease recurrence, progression or death attributed to oncocytoma.Conclusions:  The recognition of the spectrum of morphological changes observed in renal oncocytoma should help pathologists establish a diagnosis of oncocytoma in problematic cases.
Accuracy of the iPex multi‐frequency electronic apex locator in primary molars: an ex vivo study
Authors: Nelson‐Filho P. , Romualdo P. C. , Bonifácio K. C. , Leonardo M. R. , Silva R. A. B. , Silva L. A. B. 
Published: December 2010

Nelson‐Filho P, Romualdo PC, Bonifácio KC, Leonardo MR, Silva RAB, Silva LAB. Accuracy of the iPex multi‐frequency electronic apex locator in primary molars: an ex vivo study. International Endodontic Journal.AbstractAim  To evaluate ex vivo the accuracy of the iPex multi‐frequency electronic apex locator (NSK Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) for working length determination in primary molar teeth.Methodology  One calibrated examiner determined the working length in 20 primary molar teeth (total of 33 root canals). Working length was measured both visually, with the placement of a K‐file 1 mm short of the apical foramen or the most coronal limit of root resorption, and electronically using the electronic apex locator iPex, according to the manufacturers’ instructions. Data were analysed statistically using the intraclass correlation (ICC) test.Results  Comparison of the actual and the electronic measurements revealed high correlation (ICC = 0.99) between the methods, regardless of the presence or absence of physiological root resorption.Conclusions  In this laboratory study, the iPex accurately identified the apical foramen or the apical opening location for working length measurement in primary molar teeth.
Assessing spatial patterns of disease risk to biodiversity: implications for the management of the amphibian pathogen,Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
Authors: Murray Kris A. , Retallick Richard W. R. , Puschendorf Robert , Skerratt Lee F. , Rosauer Dan , McCallum Hamish I. , Berger Lee , Speare Rick , VanDerWal Jeremy 
Published: December 2010

Summary1. Emerging infectious diseases can have serious consequences for wildlife populations, ecosystem structure and biodiversity. Predicting the spatial patterns and potential impacts of diseases in free‐ranging wildlife are therefore important for planning, prioritizing and implementing research and management actions.2. We developed spatial models of environmental suitability (ES) for infection with the pathogenBatrachochytrium dendrobatidis, which causes the most significant disease affecting vertebrate biodiversity on record, amphibian chytridiomycosis. We applied relatively newly developed methods for modelling ES (Maxent) to the first comprehensive, continent‐wide data base (comprising >10000 observations) on the occurrence of infection with this pathogen and employed novel methodologies to deal with common but rarely addressed sources of model uncertainty.3. We used ES to (i) predict the minimum potential geographic distribution of infection withB. dendrobatidisin Australia and (ii) test the hypothesis that ES forB. dendrobatidisshould help explain patterns of amphibian decline given its theoretical and empirical link with organism abundance (intensity of infection), a known determinant of disease severity.4. We show that (i) infection withB. dendrobatidishas probably reached its broad geographic limits in Australia under current climatic conditions but that smaller areas of invasion potential remain, (ii) areas of high predicted ES forB. dendrobatidisaccurately reflect areas where population declines due to severe chytridiomycosis have occurred and (iii) that a host‐specific metric of ES forB. dendrobatidis(ES for Bdspecies) is the strongest predictor of decline in Australian amphibians at a continental scale yet discovered.5. Synthesis and applications.Our results provide quantitative information that helps to explain both the spatial distribution and potential effects (risk) of amphibian infection withB. dendrobatidisat the population level.Given scarce conservation resources, our results can be used immediately in Australia and our methods applied elsewhere to prioritize species, regions and actions in the struggle to limit further biodiversity loss.
Quantifying dietary pathways of proteins and lipids to tissues of a marine predator
Authors: Cherry Seth G. , Derocher Andrew E. , Hobson Keith A. , Stirling Ian , Thiemann Gregory W. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract 1. Using measurements of naturally occurring stable isotopes in animal tissues is useful for monitoring diets of wide‐ranging species that would otherwise be logistically difficult to evaluate. However, differential metabolic routing of macromolecules within a consumer can be problematic when using stable isotope analysis of bulk tissues to trace dietary input. 2. We used stable isotope (δ13C, δ15N) analysis to examine polar bear Ursus maritimus diet, which includes both lipid‐rich blubber and the proteinaceous tissues of their marine mammal prey. Because the proportion of proteins and lipids consumed may depend on prey type and size, it was necessary to consider metabolic routing of these macromolecules separately in isotope mixing models. 3. Bayesian mixing models (MixSIR, version 1.04) were used to separately estimate protein (δ13C, δ15N) and lipid (δ13C) dietary inputs. We used existing knowledge of the relative lipid and protein intake for polar bears and isotopic information from both macromolecules to estimate overall diet composition. 4. The results for both male and female polar bears indicated that smaller prey (e.g. ringed seal Pusa hispida) contributed the largest proportion to the protein‐metabolic pathway. In contrast, the largest proportion of the lipid‐metabolic pathway for both sexes tended to consist of larger prey (e.g. bearded seal Erignathus barbatus). 5. The diet composition of male polar bears consisted of more large than small prey. Diet estimates for females overlapped to some degree with males but tended to consist of less large prey. 6. Synthesis and applications. Monitoring polar bear diet may help determine the effects of climate‐induced environmental changes in Arctic marine ecosystems including shifts in prey composition. Additionally, tracing origins of anthropogenic pollutants is currently a priority for wildlife managers concerned with the health of marine mammals. However, our results indicate using stable isotopes to infer dietary inputs when proportions of macromolecules fluctuate amongst food sources requires the sampling and analysis of multiple tissues representing distinct macromolecular metabolic pathways. In such cases, utilizing only proteinaceous tissues for analysis will result in erroneous dietary source estimates and inaccuracies when examining trophic‐level transfer of contaminants, especially those that are lipophylic.
Amending a loamy sand with three compost types: impact on soil quality
Authors: Arthur E. , Cornelis W. M. , Vermang J. , De Rocker E. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the long‐term addition of three compost types (vegetable, fruit and yard waste compost – VFYW, garden waste compost – GW and spent mushroom compost – SM) on the physical properties of a sandy soil and to quantify any such effects using indicators of soil physical quality. Soil samples were taken from a field with annual compost applications of 30 m3/ha for 10 yr and various physico‐chemical analyses were undertaken. Results show a significant increase in soil organic carbon (21%) with the VFYW and GW compost types. With SM, soil organic carbon increased by 16%. Increased soil macroporosity and water content at saturation with a corresponding decrease in bulk density were observed for all compost types. However, quantification of these improvements using existing soil physical quality indicators such as the ‘S‐index’, soil air capacity and matrix porosity gave mixed results showing that these indices perform poorly when applied to sandy soils. It is concluded that the long‐term application of compost does not significantly improve the physical properties of sandy soils, but the absence of adverse effects suggests that these soils are a viable disposal option for these composts, but new indices of quality are needed for the proper characterization of sandy soils.
Inadvertent transvaginal administration of sodium phosphate enemas in 2 alpaca crias
Authors: Bragg Ryan , Hackett Eileen S. , Callan Robert J. , Holt Timothy N. , Hackett Timothy B. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractObjective –To describe the clinical presentation and resultant metabolic disturbances following retroperitoneal administration of hyperphosphate enemas in alpaca crias.Case or Series Summary –Two crias presented to the Colorado State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital after inadvertent transvaginal retroperitoneal hyperphosphate enema administration. The first cria developed an acute onset of neurologic signs, severe hypernatremia, and died soon after presentation. The second cria developed severe hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, and acidemia. The metabolic derangements normalized within 24 hours of intensive treatment with calcium supplementation and IV crystalloid fluid diuresis. The cria was discharged after 1 week in the hospital.New or Unique Information Provided –This report provides a description of electrolyte disturbances secondary to inadvertent transvaginal retroperitoneal administration of hyperphosphate enemas in 2 crias and attendant clinical signs of these disturbances. Management of hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia in 1 cria via aggressive fluid therapy with calcium supplementation led to a rapid and sustained normalization of phosphorus, calcium, and acid‐base balance.
Presumptive pseudohypoaldosteronism secondary to chronic urinary tract obstruction from sloughed urinary bladder mucosa and urinary tract infection in a cat
Authors: Mahlum Lisa M. , Rollings Christopher , Basseches Jessica , Bracker Kiko 
Published: December 2010

AbstractObjective –To describe a case of presumptive secondary pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) in a cat with urinary tract infection and chronic urethral obstruction. The obstruction was believed to have resulted from sloughed urinary bladder mucosa secondary to pressure necrosis.Case Summary –A 5‐year‐old, 4 kg, castrated male Siamese cat presented for vomiting and stranguria. Medical history included a perineal urethrostomy for urethral obstruction. Physical examination revealed a large, painful, nonexpressible urinary bladder. Point‐of‐care testing demonstrated electrolyte derangements consistent with a postrenal azotemia and metabolic acidosis. Results of urine culture was positive for bacterial growth. Diagnostic imaging revealed presence of retroperitoneal fluid, marked urinary bladder wall thickening, bilateral hydroureter, mild bilateral pyelectasia, and small nephroliths. The patient was treated for a urinary tract obstruction and infection. In the 3 weeks following initial discharge, the patient was evaluated on multiple occasions for lethargy, intermittent vomiting, inappropriate urination, and progressive polyuria and polydipsia. Although the urinary bladder was easily expressed during repeat examinations, it was persistently distended and subjectively thickened upon palpation. Repeat ultrasound of the urinary tract showed evidence of sloughed tissue in the bladder lumen, likely secondary to chronic urethral obstruction and pressure necrosis. A cystotomy was performed to remove the necrotic tissue, and a revised perineal urethrostomy was done due to a partial urethral stricture. Bladder biopsies were obtained at this time. Postoperatively, the cat was reported by the owners to be urinating normally but continued to be polyuric and polydipsic in the week following discharge. One week after surgery, the cat presented in hypovolemic shock with laboratory findings consistent with a presumptive diagnosis of secondary PHA.New or Unique Information Provided –PHA has not been reported previously in a cat. This case report suggests that aldosterone resistance should be considered in cats with consistent laboratory findings and a history of documented obstructive uropathy and urinary tract infection.
Hepatic and metabolic changes in surgical colic patients: a pilot study
Authors: Underwood Claire , Southwood Louise L. , Walton Raquel M. , Johnson Amy L. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractObjective –To determine: (1) changes in blood ammonia, bile acid (BA), bilirubin, triglyceride, and glucose concentrations and liver enzyme activities in perioperative colic patients and (2) the association between these laboratory findings and short‐term survival.Design –Prospective observational clinical study.Animals –Thirty‐two adult horses undergoing exploratory celiotomy for colic.Interventions –None.Measurements and Main Results –Blood samples were collected preoperatively and at 24–36 and 72–84 hours postoperatively and analyzed for blood ammonia, BA, bilirubin, triglyceride, and glucose concentrations and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) activities. Short‐term survival was defined as survival to hospital discharge. Data were analyzed using a Fisher's exact test and analysis of variance. Mildly increased blood ammonia concentrations were present in 2 horses at admission. Postoperative blood ammonia concentrations were within reference intervals in all horses. There were increases in liver enzyme activities as well as in BA, triglyceride, and total bilirubin concentrations. Horses with markedly increased admission BA concentrations and SDH activities did not survive. BA concentrations and SDH activities decreased postoperatively. There was no association between GGT activity and survival; GGT activity remained increased postoperatively. Blood triglyceride concentration was increased in almost all horses postoperatively; horses that did not survive had higher triglyceride concentrations at 24–36 hours postoperatively than horses that survived.Conclusion –Alterations in metabolism and hepatobiliary function are common in colic patients. The results of this study provide further prognostic indices for colic patients and highlight areas for improvement in patient management.
A National Survey of Mentoring Programs for KL2 Scholars
Authors: Silet Karin A. , Asquith Pamela , Fleming Michael F. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThere is limited information on how academic institutions support effective mentoring practices for new investigators. A national semistructured telephone interview was conducted to assess current “state of the art” mentoring practices for KL2 scholars among the 46 institutions participating in the Clinical Translational Science Awards (CTSA) Consortium. Mentoring practices examined included: mentor selection, articulating and aligning expectations, assessing the mentoring relationship, and mentor training. Telephone interviews were conducted in winter/fall 2009, with 100% of the CTSAs funded (n= 46) through 2009, participating in the survey. Primary findings include: five programs selected mentors for K scholars, 14 programs used mentor contracts to define expectations, 16 programs reported formal mentor evaluation, 10 offered financial incentives to mentors, and 13 offered formal mentoring training. The interviews found considerable variation in mentoring practices for training new investigators among the 46 CTSAs. There was also limited consensus on “what works” and what are the core elements of “effective mentoring practices. Empirical research is needed to help research leaders decide on where and how to place resources related to mentoring. Clin Trans Sci 2010; Volume 3: 299–304
Fasting Increases the In Vivo Gene Delivery of AAV Vectors
Authors: Moulay Gilles , Scherman Daniel , Kichler Antoine 
Published: December 2010

AbstractSuccessful gene therapy of many genetic diseases requires efficient delivery of the gene to several tissues of the organism. Adeno‐associated virus (AAV) is, to date, the sole vehicle that allows to achieving this result but only at the condition of administering very large amounts of vectors. This, however, raises questions about the feasibility of the large‐scale production and about the safety of the approach. One way to overcome both problems would be to develop strategies that increase the in vivo efficiency. Here, we investigated the effect of fasting on the transduction efficiency of AAV serotypes 2, 6, and 9. The transgene expression was followed for several weeks and vector biodistribution was determined by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results show that fasting increases the transduction efficiency of all three serotypes. Altogether, we present here a simple and clinically acceptable approach that may allow to reducing the vector dose. Clin Trans Sci 2010; Volume 3: 333–336
Using Research Metrics to Improve Timelines: Proceedings from the 2nd Annual CTSA Clinical Research Management Workshop
Authors: Johnson Tesheia , Joyner Michael , DePourcq Fred , Drezner Marc , Hutchinson Raymond , Newton Kara , Uscinski Kathleen T. , Toussant Kim 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) Consortium Workshop was conceived as a venue to foster communication among Academic Medical Centers (AMCs) in the development of methods to improve clinical research management. The consortium, comprised of 46 awardee sites as of 2009, many with multiple AMCs, is expected to expand to 60 sites when fully implemented. At the 2nd Annual CTSA Clinical Research Management Workshop held on June 22nd and 23rd, 2009, on the National Institutes of Health (NIH) campus, consortium members and potential CTSA sites gathered with stakeholders from private industry, the NIH, the Food and Drug Administration, and private research organizations, to formulate a plan to address challenges in clinical research management. Specific aims included improving protocol processing and sharing process improvement initiatives in the expectation that best practices will be implemented and improvements will be measured and reported. The findings presented at this workshop indicated significant variance in Institutional Review Board approval of protocols and contract execution by AMC and CTSA sites. Most represented marked delays compared to non‐AMC sites and that, as a likely consequence, AMCs were later to enroll patients and/or meet enrollment targets compared to dedicated or professional sites. Clin Trans Sci 2010; Volume 3: 305–308
Successfully Accelerating Translational Research at an Academic Medical Center: The University of Michigan‐Coulter Translational Research Partnership Program
Authors: Pienta Kenneth J. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractTranslational research encompasses the effective movement of new knowledge and discoveries into new approaches for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease. There are many roadblocks to successful bench to bedside research, but few have received as much recent attention as the “valley of death.” The valley of death refers to the lack of funding and support for research that moves basic science discoveries into diagnostics, devices, and treatments in humans, and is ascribed to be the result of companies unwilling to fund research development that may not result in a drug or device that will be utilized in the clinic and conversely, the fact that researchers have no access to the funding needed to carry out preclinical and early clinical development to demonstrate potential efficacy in humans. The valley of death also exists because bridging the translational gap is dependent on successfully managing an additional four risks: scientific, intellectual property, market, and regulatory. The University of Michigan (UM) has partnered with the Wallace H. Coulter Foundation (CF) to create a model providing an infrastructure to overcome these risks. This model is easily adoptable to other academic medical centers (AMCs). Clin Trans Sci 2010; Volume 3: 316–318