bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Mitochondria-Targeting Fluorescent Phenothiazine Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents
Authors: Ning Xiaojun , Chai Fangyuan , Jiang Dan , Du Linli , Gao Tao , Chen Tao , Yan Ke , Min Shuang , Guo Lijian , Jia Aiting , Zhang Lu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this research, we synthesized a novel mitochondrial-targeted antitumor lead compound named phenolthiazide-4C-Pvi (PCP) by modifying a phenothiazine with 3-(2-pyridin-4-ylvinyl)-1H-indole (Pvi) as a mitochondrial-targeted fluorescent cargo. Our preliminary findings indicated that PCP exhibits remarkable cell imaging and mitochondrial localization ability, and can induce apoptosis by influencing the membrane potential and reactive oxygen species levels in mitochondria. Compared with phenothiazines, PCP has an excellent ability to target the mitochondria of cancer cells, and its selectivity and toxicity to tumor cells are stronger than those toward normal cells. These results demonstrated that PCP possesses strong antitumor effects with excellent selectivity, making it a promising candidate as a mitochondrial-targeted antitumor drug.
A Neurosurgical Readmissions Reduction Program in an Academic Hospital Leveraging Machine Learning, Workflow Analysis, and Simulation
Authors: Wu Tzu-Chun , Kim Abraham , Tsai Ching-Tzu , Gao Andy , Ghuman Taran , Paul Anne , Castillo Alexandra , Cheng Joseph , Adogwa Owoicho , Ngwenya Laura B. , Foreman Brandon , Wu Danny T.Y. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background Predicting 30-day hospital readmissions is crucial for improving patient outcomes, optimizing resource allocation, and achieving financial savings. Existing studies reporting the development of machine learning (ML) models predictive of neurosurgical readmissions do not report factors related to clinical implementation.
Objectives Train individual predictive models with good performance (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve or AUROC > 0.8), identify potential interventions through semi-structured interviews, and demonstrate estimated clinical and financial impact of these models.
Methods Electronic health records were utilized with five ML methodologies: gradient boosting, decision tree, random forest, ridge logistic regression, and linear support vector machine. Variables of interest were determined by domain experts and literature. The dataset was split divided 80% for training and validation and 20% for testing randomly. Clinical workflow analysis was conducted using semi-structured interviews to identify possible intervention points. Calibrated agent-based models (ABMs), based on a previous study with interventions, were applied to simulate reductions of the 30-day readmission rate and financial costs.
Results The dataset covered 12,334 neurosurgical intensive care unit (NSICU) admissions (11,029 patients); 1,903 spine surgery admissions (1,641 patients), and 2,208 traumatic brain injury (TBI) admissions (2,185 patients), with readmission rate of 13.13, 13.93, and 23.73%, respectively. The random forest model for NSICU achieved best performance with an AUROC score of 0.89, capturing potential patients effectively. Six interventions were identified through 12 semi-structured interviews targeting preoperative, inpatient stay, discharge phases, and follow-up phases. Calibrated ABMs simulated median readmission reduction rates and resulted in 13.13 to 10.12% (NSICU), 13.90 to 10.98% (spine surgery), and 23.64 to 21.20% (TBI). Approximately $1,300,614.28 in saving resulted from potential interventions.
Conclusion This study reports the successful development and simulation of an ML-based approach for predicting and reducing 30-day hospital readmissions in neurosurgery. The intervention shows feasibility in improving patient outcomes and reducing financial losses.
PI-RADS 2.1: A Practical Overview
Authors: Sundaram A Dayala 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) is an essential tool for standardizing the interpretation of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI) of the prostate for detecting prostate cancer. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the latest version, PI-RADS 2.1, with clear pictures to guide radiologists in its practical application for improved diagnostic accuracy. The article explores the key modifications, emphasizing the changes in scoring criteria and their impact on clinical decision-making. It discusses the importance of mp-MRI sequences, such as T2-weighted imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging, and clarifies their significance in the PI-RADS 2.1 framework. The article highlights practical insights to help radiologists integrate this updated system into their day-to-day practice, promoting consistency and reliability in reporting.
The OBR and the fragilities, complexities and promise of technocratic economic governance
Authors: Clift Ben 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis contribution explores how technocratic economic governance rests on underlying principles of political economy—normatively informed judgements about how the economy and policy operate. It shines light on how fiscal councils such as the OBR can open up (or close down) policy possibilities through the way they narrate economic crises, the trajectory of the economy and the fiscal stance. Noting the epistemic limits of technocracy, it shows how fiscal forecasting is based on a presumed knowability and legibility of the economy and the fiscal stance looking years or decades ahead—a questionable and problematic presumption. It highlights increasing tensions between expert oversight and populist and ‘post truth’ politics within Britain’s economic governance regime since Brexit. The Office provides oversight, and a form of accountability for government policy, and is itself accountable to parliament. Nevertheless, many of its key and consequential assumptions are obscured from democratic debate and oversight. The Office, and UK economic governance, would benefit from more robust mechanisms of democratic engagement and deliberation. Under-developed democratic accountability is a source of crucial fragility for technocratic economic governance. The piece ends by exploring the scope of OBR fiscal assessment of climate change and its costs—underlining the ‘politics of economic method’ and how subterranean methodological techniques in putting OBR economic ideas into practice can be of first-order political and policy significance. They can shape policy possibilities for tackling climate change for decades to come.
AI and Warfare: A Rational Choice Approach
Authors: Basuchoudhary Atin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Artificial intelligence has been a hot topic in recent years, particularly as it relates to warfare and military operations. While rational choice approaches have been widely used to understand the causes of war, there is little literature on using the rational choice methodology to investigate the role of AI in warfare systematically. This paper aims to fill this gap by exploring how rational choice models can inform our understanding of the power and limitations of AI in warfare. This theoretical approach suggests (a) an increase in the demand for moral judgment due to a reduction in the price of AI and (b) that without a human in the AI decision-making loop, peace is impossible; the very nature of AI rules out peace through mutually assured destruction.
Quantum Voting Machine Encoded with Microwave Photons
Authors: Zhang 张 Yu 钰 , Yang 杨 Chuiping 垂平 , Su 苏 Qiping 奇平 , Kang 康 Yihao 逸豪 , Zheng 郑 Wen 文 , Li 李 Shaoxiong 邵雄 , Yu 于 Yang 扬 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We propose a simple quantum voting machine using microwave photon qubit encoding, based on a setup comprising multiple microwave cavities and a coupled superconducting flux qutrit. This approach primarily relies on a multi-control single-target quantum phase gate. The scheme offers operational simplicity, requiring only a single step, while ensuring verifiability through the measurement of a single qubit phase information to obtain the voting results. It provides voter anonymity, as the voting outcome is solely tied to the total number of affirmative votes. Our quantum voting machine also has scalability in terms of the number of voters. Additionally, the physical realization of the quantum voting machine is general and not limited to circuit quantum electrodynamics. Quantum voting machine can be implemented as long as the multi-control single-phase quantum phase gate is realized in other physical systems. Numerical simulations indicate the feasibility of this quantum voting machine within the current quantum technology.
Dynamics of Ring Dark Solitons and the Following Vortices in Spin-1 Bose–Einstein Condensates
Authors: Zhong 钟 Yu 毓 , Triki Houria , Zhou 周 Qin 勤 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This work focuses on the evolution behaviors of ring dark solitons (RDSs) and the following vortices after the collapses of RDSs in spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensates. We find that the weighted average of the initial depths of three components determines the number and motion trajectories of vortex dipoles. For the weighted average of the initial depths below the critical depth, two vortex dipoles form and start moving along the horizontal axis. For the weighted average depth above the critical depth, two or four vortex dipoles form, and all start moving along the vertical axis. For the RDS with weighted average depth at exactly the critical point, four vortex dipoles form, half of the vortex dipoles initiate movement vertically, and the other half initiate movement horizontally. Our conclusion is applicable to the two-component system studied in earlier research, indicating its universality.
Electron density in a non-thermal atmospheric discharge in contact with water and the effect of water temperature on plasma-water interactions
Authors: Rooij Olivier van , Ahlborn Olivia , Sobota Ana 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this study the electron density of an atmospheric plasma generated between a pin electrode and a water surface is measured by determining the Stark broadening of H
α
and H
β
emission lines. Comparable values for the electron density are achieved using the H
α
and H
β
broadening obtained in separate measurements. During the temporally evolving system, increasing electron densities are measured of

0.5
−
3
⋅

10

15

cm−3 during the plasma treatment of 5–10 min. The effect of the water temperature on plasma-water interaction is investigated by heating the water to

≈

70
∘

C prior to the measurements. This resulted in higher gas temperatures during the discharge up to 2500 K and 4000 K for positively and negatively pulsed discharge, respectively. Furthermore, an earlier increase of electron density and conductivity of the water is measured for the preheated experiments. The humidity of the gas is likely to be an important parameter causing the observed results.
Impact of NaOH solution surface treatment on Al2O3/β-Ga2O3 MOS capacitors
Authors: Fang Paiwen , Liao Zhengyi , Su Danni , Liang Jun , Wang Xinzhong , Pei Yanli 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A suitable semiconductor surface treatment could improve the gate dielectric quality and reduce the interface states and traps to enhance the performance of metal–oxide semiconductor capacitors (MOSCAPs). In this paper, β-Ga2O3 surface treatment using NaOH solution prior to atomic layer deposition of Al2O3 was investigated. In comparison with piranha pretreatment, MOSCAPs with NaOH solution surface pretreatment show a larger maximum accumulation capacitance with less frequency dispersion, reduced charges/traps and interface state density D
it. The improvement in MOSCAPs performance could be attributed to the NaOH solution pretreatment induced slight surface etching effect and relatively effective hydroxylation surface. These results suggest that the process optimization of NaOH solution surface pretreatment could lead to further improvement of β-Ga2O3 MOSCAPs and have a potential in application of β-Ga2O3 metal–oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors in the future.
Molecular Docking and ADMET Studies to Investigate Antioxidant Potency of New Amides of Piper retrofractum Vahl by Targeting Keap1 Inhibitor
Authors: Nurhidayah E S , Hidayati D , Habiba R A , Maulidya S 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Antioxidants are considered important in maintaining the balance of free radicals in the body due to exposure to air pollution. Piper retrofractum Vahl which is a traditional Indonesian medicinal herb which is said to have the characteristics of being an antioxidant in preventing free radicals in the body. Therefore, this research aims to investigate possible interactions between new amides of Piper retrofractum Vahl. and Keap1, one of the key proteins of the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway, the major system involved in redox regulation. Molecular docking study, using molecular mechanic calculations with Yasara to investigate binding energy and pkCSM to predict ADMET. Results this study showed that dipiperamides F has binding energy of 9.855 kcal/mol (closest to that of the crystallographic ligands), dipiperamides G (9.543 kcal/mol), piperodione (8.448 kcal/mol), (E)-N-cinnamoyl-2-methoxypiperidine (7.560 kcal/mol), (2E, 12E)-pipertride cadienamid (7.084 kcal/mol), N-isobutyl-(2E, 4E, 10Z)-hexadeca-2, 4, 10-trienamide (6.788 kcal/mol), (R)-1-(2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl)-5, 6-dihydropyridin-2(1H)-one (6.524 kcal/mol), 2E, 14Z)-N-isobutyleicosa-2, 14-dienamide (5.116 kcal/mol). Visualization of receptors-ligands complex showed data on hydrogen bonds and no-covalen interactions, including hydrogen bond distances. Finally, ADMET (Adsorption, Desorption, Metabolism, Excretion, Toxicity) predictions and drug-likeness properties were performed on the tested compound. Our study indicates that new amides from Piper retrofractum Vahl may behave as potential natural antioxidant agents by targeting the Keap1 inhibitor.
Ginger Leather Candy Formulation at CV Sari Sehat Bogor
Authors: Devinarahma Z , Permatasari N A , Hardjomidjojo H 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
CV Sari Sehat is an SME that produces herbal products such as instant powdered drinks, simplicial, and powdered tea. CV Sari Sehat wants to increase the value of its red ginger commodities through innovation. Currently, the processed red ginger products offered by CV Sari Sehat are only instant drink powder and tea powder, which is why they are seeking to develop new processed red ginger products. Product development is to be carried out by making red ginger jelly candy in the form of thin layers, namely Ginger Leather Candy (GLC). The development process will follow an engineering design approach. This method’s phases include exploration, problem definition, ideation, prototype development, and validation. The best formulation for the GLC product contains ingredients such as water, red ginger extract, pectin, granulated sugar, brown sugar, corn sugar syrup, citric acid, and icing sugar as product coatings. Chemical testing shows that GLC has a moisture content of 15.2%, ash content of 1.5%, sucrose of 46.42%, and reducing sugar of 10.94%. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of this GLC product is categorized as weak, with an antioxidant activity value of 177.059 μg/ml and an inhibition zone of 2 mm. However, the organoleptic test results indicate that consumers like this GLC product, with an overall average level of consumer liking of 3.95/5.
Simulation of heat and pressure transfer in concentric heat exchangers for small industrial scale
Authors: Sutoyo E , Kindi H A , Siregar T H , Hartono B , Suntoro D , Saputra I D 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A Heat exchanger is a tool in industry which aims to transfer energy from hot fluid to cold fluid. The amount of heat transferred is an important parameter of the design and performance of heat exchangers. Concentric tube is a type of heat exchanger that is widely used in industries such as material processing and food preparation. One way to get the value of heat transfered before manufacturing a heat exchanger is to carry out computational fluid dynamic simulations. This simulation will make it easier for us to understand the heat transfer phenomenon that occurs from hot fluid to cold fluid. The aim of this study is to calculate how much heat transfer and pressure drop there is in a laboratory scale cocentric tube type heat exchanger. We also get a picture of the pressure drop that occurs due to fluid friction with the inner pipe walls. Experiments and simulations carried out in this study will then be validated. Variations in flow rate on the tube and shell sides are applied. the greater the flow rate, the greater the transfer of heat. The same trend is shown by variations in pressure. The greater the pressure, the greater the pressure drop that occurs. In this study, the pressure drop from the heat exchanger inlet to the heat exchanger outlet was 0.015%.
Should Bank Provide Insurance for Horticultural Crop Damage? (A Stackelberg Game Approach)
Authors: Januardi  , Hung Che-Yu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study provides insight for a bank to insure farmers with the possibility of having horticultural crops damaged. Specifically, a Stackelberg leadership game is formulated with the bank as the leader and the farmer as the follower. The bank declares its insurance fee first to anticipate the horticulture prices and maximize its profit. Then, the farmer decides the horticulture price sequentially given the insurance fee and the crop condition. The game is solved under the with and without insurance scenarios. The farmer decides its horticulture price with no banking insurance fee in without insurance scenario. The bank decision-making is only included in with insurance scenario. From the analytical comparison result, it is better for the farmer to have insurance from the bank when the probability of damage to a horticultural crop exists. However, the bank should give an insurance fee to the farmer with a high probability of having good horticultural crops and less customer sensitivity to damaged crops.
Community-based business ecosystem of coffee with the One Village One CEO Program at Cikajang Garut
Authors: Slamet A S , Purwawangsa H , Prawiro B P , Isbayu M , Irfany M I , Haq D A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Sustainable forest management in upstream rivers contributes to ecological balance, disaster mitigation, and economic opportunity for nearby populations. Amid this dynamic, the Cikajang coffee community plays an essential role in sustainable management through community forests. The objective of this study is to evaluate the function of the Cikajang coffee community in sustainable agricultural enterprises. Surveys and FGD sources have revealed that the Cikajang Coffee Community was founded in response to a demand for coffee cultivation education, marketing strategy, and financing. This community grows coffee in forest locations, using forest village community organizations. Community assemblies to interact and share experiences become valuable social capital in the preservation of the environment. Coffee commodities have become an economic pillar for society as a result of academic support in cultivation and marketing, particularly under the “One Village One CEO” program. These findings demonstrate the importance of community empowerment in balancing economic needs and environmental sustainability.
Chemical Compositions and Plant Secondary Metabolites of Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L) Oilseed Press-cake from Different Locations
Authors: Umroni A , Rianawati H , Rahayu A A D , Krisnawati  , Leksono B , Paradhipta D H V 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The industry of tamanu crude oil results in by-product called tamanu oil cake (TOC). The present study investigates the variation of chemical compositions and plant secondary metabolites of TOC collected from different locations as unconventional feed. The TOC was collected from three districts as follows: Purworejo, Bantul, and Sleman. These districts are the production centre of TCO in Central Java Province. Dry matter and organic matter were not different among locations. The TOC from Sleman had higher crude protein than Purworejo and Bantul (p<0.001; 23.5% vs. 19.9% vs. 12.9%). The crude fiber of TOC from Sleman was the lowest followed by Bantul, and then Purworejo (p=0.001; 10.42% vs. 19.6% vs. 28.1%). The ether extract was higher from Purworejo and Bantul compared to Sleman (p=0.001; 13.9% and 15.6% vs. 5.96%). The TOC from Purworejo and Bantul had higher phenol (p=0.002; 6.13% and 5.36% vs. 3.73%), flavonoid (p=0.002; 6.13% and 5.36% vs. 3.73%), saponin (p=0.023; 0.80% and 0.84% vs. 0.57%), and tannin (p=0.001; 0.90% and 0.83% vs. 0.47%) than from Sleman. Considering chemical composition and plant secondary metabolites, the present study concluded that TOC from Sleman was recommended for poultry feed, while TOC from Purworejo and Bantul was recommended for ruminant feed.
Characteristics of Egg Production of Kampung Chickens, Red Kedu Chickens and Their Crossbred (Unsoed Chickens)
Authors: Ismoyowati  , Tugiyanti Elly , Indrasanti Diana , Purwantini Dattadewi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Chickens are a species that has very high genetic diversity and were the first species used to study the inheritance of traits, to have a genome sequence and to be used for genetic research. Indonesia has a high genetic diversity of local chickens, including kampung and Kedu chickens. This research aims to characterize egg production of kampung chickens, Red Kedu chickens, and their crossbreed (Unsoed chickens). This research was carried out experimentally using 120 female kampung chickens, 120 Red Kedu chickens, and 160 kampung-Kedu crossbred chickens. Measurement of egg production characteristics was carried out at 24-36 weeks of age. Egg production characteristics consist of hen day production and quality of eggs. Data analysis used Systat version 13 software, comparison of egg production characteristics was analyzed descriptively. The results of the study showed that the average egg production characteristics included hen day production, egg weight, shell weight, yolk weight, albumen weight, yolk color, specific gravity value, shell color, haugh unit (HU) value, egg index and shell thickness, in kampung chickens consecutive amounting to 36.79% eggs; 42.98 g; 5.98 g; 15.38 g; 24.99 g; 8.31; 1.11; 7.67; 87.31; 76.37% and 0.36 mm, in Red Kedu chickens 32.54%; 46.43 g; 6.40 g; 16.50 g; 25.43; 8.32; 1.09; 7.32; 83.56; 74.66% and 0.339 mm, and Unsoed chickens have a characteristic of 37.38%; 45.16 g; 6.03 g; 15.64 g; 24.85 g; 8.49; 1,11; 2.49; 85.59; 75.62% and 0.355 mm. The research concluded that Unsoed chickens (a crossing Red Kedu and kampung chickens) have higher egg production characteristics compared to their parents’ stock, with a heterosis effect on egg production. The egg quality of all chicken lines is relatively the same and is included in the AA category with a HU value of >72.