bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the potential role of ChatGPT in spine surgery research
Authors: Herzog Isabel , Mendiratta Dhruv , Para Ashok , Berg Ari , Kaushal Neil , Vives Michael 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeSince its release in November 2022, Chat Generative Pre‐Trained Transformer 3.5 (ChatGPT), a complex machine learning model, has garnered more than 100 million users worldwide. The aim of this study is to determine how well ChatGPT can generate novel systematic review ideas on topics within spine surgery.MethodsChatGPT was instructed to give ten novel systematic review ideas for five popular topics in spine surgery literature: microdiscectomy, laminectomy, spinal fusion, kyphoplasty and disc replacement. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE and Cochrane. The number of nonsystematic review articles and number of systematic review papers that had been published on each ChatGPT‐generated idea were recorded.ResultsOverall, ChatGPT had a 68% accuracy rate in creating novel systematic review ideas. More specifically, the accuracy rates were 80%, 80%, 40%, 70% and 70% for microdiscectomy, laminectomy, spinal fusion, kyphoplasty and disc replacement, respectively. However, there was a 32% rate of ChatGPT generating ideas for which there were 0 nonsystematic review articles published. There was a 71.4%, 50%, 22.2%, 50%, 62.5% and 51.2% success rate of generating novel systematic review ideas, for which there were also nonsystematic reviews published, for microdiscectomy, laminectomy, spinal fusion, kyphoplasty, disc replacement and overall, respectively.ConclusionsChatGPT generated novel systematic review ideas at an overall rate of 68%. ChatGPT can help identify knowledge gaps in spine research that warrant further investigation, when used under supervision of an experienced spine specialist. This technology can be erroneous and lacks intrinsic logic; so, it should never be used in isolation.Level of EvidenceNot applicable.
Inter‐laboratory multiplex bead‐based surface protein profiling of MSC‐derived EV preparations identifies MSC‐EV surface marker signatures
Authors: Nguyen Vivian V. T. , Welsh Joshua A. , Tertel Tobias , Choo Andre , van de Wakker Simonides I. , Defourny Kyra A. Y. , Giebel Bernd , Vader Pieter , Padmanabhan Jayanthi , Lim Sai Kiang , Nolte‐'t Hoen Esther N. M. , Verhaar Marianne C. , Bostancioglu R. Beklem , Zickler Antje M. , Hong Jia Mei , Jones Jennifer C. , EL Andaloussi Samir , van Balkom Bas W. M. , Görgens André 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising regenerative therapeutics that primarily exert their effects through secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs). These EVs – being small and non‐living – are easier to handle and possess advantages over cellular products. Consequently, the therapeutic potential of MSC‐EVs is increasingly investigated. However, due to variations in MSC‐EV manufacturing strategies, MSC‐EV products should be considered as highly diverse. Moreover, the diverse array of EV characterisation technologies used for MSC‐EV characterisation further complicates reliable interlaboratory comparisons of published data. Consequently, this study aimed to establish a common method that can easily be used by various MSC‐EV researchers to characterise MSC‐EV preparations to facilitate interlaboratory comparisons. To this end, we conducted a comprehensive inter‐laboratory assessment using a novel multiplex bead‐based EV flow cytometry assay panel. This assessment involved 11 different MSC‐EV products from five laboratories with varying MSC sources, culture conditions, and EV preparation methods. Through this assay panel covering a range of mostly MSC‐related markers, we identified a set of cell surface markers consistently positive (CD44, CD73 and CD105) or negative (CD11b, CD45 and CD197) on EVs of all explored MSC‐EV preparations. Hierarchical clustering analysis revealed distinct surface marker profiles associated with specific preparation processes and laboratory conditions. We propose CD73, CD105 and CD44 as robust positive markers for minimally identifying MSC‐derived EVs and CD11b, CD14, CD19, CD45 and CD79 as reliable negative markers. Additionally, we highlight the influence of culture medium components, particularly human platelet lysate, on EV surface marker profiles, underscoring the influence of culture conditions on resulting EV products. This standardisable approach for MSC‐EV surface marker profiling offers a tool for routine characterisation of manufactured EV products in pre‐clinical and clinical research, enhances the quality control of MSC‐EV preparations, and hopefully paves the way for higher consistency and reproducibility in the emerging therapeutic MSC‐EV field.
Retracted Publications in Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery: What Mistakes Are Being Made?
Authors: Choudhry Hannaan S. , Anur Sugosh M. , Choudhry Hassan S. , Kokush Emily M. , Patel Aman M. , Fang Christina H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesRetraction of publications is critical to maintaining scientific integrity, yet there is a lack of research on its occurrence in Otolaryngology. This study investigates characteristics, trends, and reasons for retraction of publications in otolaryngology journals.Study DesignBibliometric analysis.SettingPubMed, Scopus, Web of Science.MethodsA PubMed search for publications retracted during 1990 to 2022 from the top 60 journals with the subject “Otorhinolaryngology” using Scopus' CiteScore was performed. Publications were excluded if they were not in English, had missing information or did not have available abstracts or full‐text. Publication and retraction dates, journal, country of origin, citation counts, journal impact factor (JIF), topic, and reason for retraction were recorded. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to identify potential associations in the data.ResultsFifty‐three publications were included. The 2020s had the highest number of retractions per year (4.33), with publications being retracted on average, 35 months after initial publication. The most common retracted topic and country of origin were head and neck (26.4%) and China (17.0%), respectively. Most publications were retracted because of plagiarism or duplicate publication (52.8%). Mean citation count was 6.92 ± 8.32 and mean JIF was 2.80 ± 1.35. Citation count was positively associated with months until retraction (r = .432, P = .001). There was no significant correlation between months to retraction and JIF (r = .022, P = .878).ConclusionThe most cited reasons for retraction were plagiarism and duplicate publication. An understanding of the reasons for retraction can better position journals to enforce more meticulous review standards and reduce such publications from being published.Level of EvidenceLevel 4.
Pulmonary Mycobacterium shinjukuense infection with cavitary lesion
Authors: Sueda Yuriko , Tokuyasu Hirokazu , Sakai Hiromitsu , Yamasaki Akira 
Published: June 2024

Key messageWe report a rare case of pulmonary Mycobacterium shinjukuense infection with cavitary lesion. Chemotherapy with rifampicin, ethambutol, and clarithromycin was effective for the lesion.
Algebraic Bethe ansatz approach to the correlation functions of the one-dimensional bosons with attraction
Authors: Slavnov N. A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We consider a model of a one-dimensional Bose gas with attraction. We study ground state equal-time correlation functions in this model using the algebraic Bethe ansatz. In cases of strong interaction or/and large-volume systems, we obtain very simple explicit formulas for correlations.
A holographic entanglement entropy at spi
Authors: Ghosh Abir , Krishnan Chethan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Defining finite entanglement entropy for a subregion in quantum field theory requires the introduction of two logically independent scales: an IR scale that controls the size of the subregion, and a UV cut-off. In AdS/CFT, the IR scale is the AdS lengthscale, the UV cut-off is the bulk radial cut-off, and the subregion is specified by dimensionless angles. This is the data that determines Ryu-Takayanagi surfaces and their areas in AdS/CFT. We argue that in asymptotically flat space there exists the notion of a “spi-subregion” that one can associate to spatial infinity (spi). Even though geometrically quite different from an AdS subregion, this angle data has the crucial feature that it allows an interpretation as a bi-partitioning of spi. Therefore, the area of the RT surface associated to the spi-subregion can be interpreted as the entanglement entropy of the reduced density matrix of the bulk state under this bi-partition, as in AdS/CFT. For symmetric spi-subregions, these RT surfaces are the waists of Asymptotic Causal Diamonds. In empty flat space they reduce to Rindler horizons, and are analogues of the AdS-Rindler horizons of Casini, Huerta & Myers. We connect these results to previous work on minimal surfaces anchored to screens in empty space, but also generalize the discussion to the case where there are black holes in the bulk. The phases of black hole RT surfaces as the spi-subregion is varied, naturally connect with those of black holes (small and large) in AdS. A key observation is that the radial cut-off is associated to an IR scale in flat space — and in fact there are no UV divergences. We argue that this is consistent with previous suggestions that in sub-AdS scales the holographic duality is an IR/IR correspondence and that the degrees of freedom are not those of a local QFT, but those of long strings. Strings are of course, famously UV finite.
Generalized permutohedra in the kinematic space
Authors: Early Nick 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this note, we study the permutohedral geometry of the singularities of a certain differential form introduced in recent work of Arkani-Hamed, Bai, He and Yan. There it was observed that the poles of the form determine a family of polyhedra which have the same face lattice as that of the permutohedron. We realize that family explicitly, proving that it in fact fills out the configuration space of a particularly well-behaved family of generalized permutohedra, the zonotopal generalized permutohedra, that are obtained as the Minkowski sums of line segments parallel to the root directions ei − ej.Finally we interpret Mizera’s formula for the biadjoint scalar amplitude m(𝕀n, 𝕀n), restricted to a certain dimension n − 2 subspace of the kinematic space, as a sum over the boundary components of the standard root cone, which is the conical hull of the roots e1 − e2, … , en−2 − en−1.
Approaching Argyres-Douglas theories
Authors: Bharadwaj Sriram , D’Hoker Eric 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The Seiberg-Witten solution to four-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 super-Yang-Mills theory with gauge group SU(N) and without hypermultiplets is used to investigate the neighborhood of the maximal Argyres-Douglas points of type $$ \left({\mathfrak{a}}_1,{\mathfrak{a}}_{N-1}\right) $$

a
1

a

N
−
1

. A convergent series expansion for the Seiberg-Witten periods near the Argyres-Douglas points is obtained by analytic continuation of the series expansion around the ℤ2N symmetric point derived in arXiv:2208.11502. Along with direct integration of the Picard-Fuchs equations for the periods, the expansion is used to determine the location of the walls of marginal stability for SU(3). The intrinsic periods and Kähler potential of the $$ \left({\mathfrak{a}}_1,{\mathfrak{a}}_{N-1}\right) $$

a
1

a

N
−
1

superconformal fixed point are computed by letting the strong coupling scale tend to infinity. We conjecture that the resulting intrinsic Kähler potential is positive definite and convex, with a unique minimum at the Argyres-Douglas point, provided only intrinsic Coulomb branch operators with unitary scaling dimensions ∆ > 1 acquire a vacuum expectation value, and provide both analytical and numerical evidence in support of this conjecture. In all the low rank examples considered here, it is found that turning on moduli dual to ∆ ≤ 1 operators spoils the positivity and convexity of the intrinsic Kähler potential.
Obstetric factors and neonatal outcomes of depressed skull fractures in newborns
Authors: Choi Jihyun , Cho Iseop , Kim Tae Eun , Kim Hyeon Ji , Park Jee Yoon , Kim Chae-Yong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To determine the obstetric factors affecting the development of depressed skull fracture in neonates.

Materials and methods
This was a retrospectively cohort study on neonates born between July 2016 and August 2021. Neonates diagnosed with depressed skull fractures within one week of birth through X-ray and/or brain ultrasonography were included, and their mothers' obstetric characteristics were reviewed.

Results
There were 12 cases in 6791 live births. Five women were over 35 years old. All except two were nulliparous. Five cases were delivered from labor induction and others presented with spontaneous labor. Except for two cases, delivery occurred within an hour after full cervical dilatation. Two cases were assisted by vacuum. None displayed fetal distress signs such as low Apgar scores below 7, meconium staining, and umbilical cord pH under 7.2. All depressed fractures were found in the right parietal area. Three cases resulted in focal hyperechoic lesion in brain ultrasonography and two of them showed small hemorrhage-like lesion in magnetic resonance imaging. All depressed skull fractures improved within 6 months in followed X-rays or ultrasonography.

Conclusions
There was no definitely associated obstetric condition for depressed skull fracture of neonates although nulliparous women were majority of the affected cases.
Fatigue and associated factors in myasthenia gravis: a nationwide registry study
Authors: Funke Mattea , Eveslage Maria , Zschüntzsch Jana , Hagenacker Tim , Ruck Tobias , Schubert Charlotte , Schroeter Michael , Meisel Andreas , Wiendl Heinz , Hoffmann Sarah , Lünemann Jan D. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFatigue is commonly associated with myasthenia gravis (MG), but factors contributing to fatigue development in MG are incompletely understood. This nationwide cross-sectional registry study included 1464 patients diagnosed with autoimmune MG, recruited between February 2019 and April 2023. Frequency and severity of fatigue was assessed at study inclusion using the patient-reported Chalder Fatigue Questionnaire (CFQ). Frequency of fatigue was 59%. Fatigue severity strongly correlated with both patient-reported and physician-assessed MG outcome measures (MG-ADL, MG-QoL15, QMG and MGFA classes) and was associated with a history of myasthenic exacerbation and/or myasthenic crises and a delay in diagnosis of more than 1 year after symptom onset. Fatigue was more prevalent in women and coincided with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and sleep dissatisfaction. Differences in fatigue severity were observed between antibody (ab) subgroups, with highest fatigue severity in LRP4-ab-positive patients and lowest fatigue severity in AChR-ab-positive patients. Fatigue is a frequent and clinically highly relevant symptom of MG. Early diagnosis and prevention of MG crises may limit the long-term burden of fatigue in patients with MG.
Online Unit Profit Knapsack with Predictions
Authors: Boyar Joan , Favrholdt Lene M. , Larsen Kim S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA variant of the online knapsack problem is considered in the setting of predictions. In Unit Profit Knapsack, the items have unit profit, i.e., the goal is to pack as many items as possible. For Online Unit Profit Knapsack, the competitive ratio is unbounded. In contrast, it is easy to find an optimal solution offline: Pack as many of the smallest items as possible into the knapsack. The prediction available to the online algorithm is the average size of those smallest items that fit in the knapsack. For the prediction error in this hard online problem, we use the ratio $$r=\frac{a}{\hat{a}}$$

r
=

a

a
^

where a is the actual value for this average size and $$\hat{a}$$

a
^

is the prediction. We give an algorithm which is $$\frac{e-1}{e}$$

e
-
1

e

-competitive, if $$r=1$$

r
=
1

, and this is best possible among online algorithms knowing a and nothing else. More generally, the algorithm has a competitive ratio of $$\frac{e-1}{e}r$$

e
-
1

e

r

, if $$r \le 1$$

r
≤
1

, and $$\frac{e-r}{e}r$$

e
-
r

e

r

, if $$1 \le r < e$$

1
≤
r
<
e

. Any algorithm with a better competitive ratio for some $$r<1$$

r
<
1

will have a worse competitive ratio for some $$r>1$$

r
>
1

. To obtain a positive competitive ratio for all r, we adjust the algorithm, resulting in a competitive ratio of $$\frac{1}{2r}$$

1

2
r

for $$r\ge 1$$

r
≥
1

and $$\frac{r}{2}$$

r
2

for $$r\le 1$$

r
≤
1

. We show that improving the result for any $$r< 1$$

r
<
1

leads to a worse result for some $$r>1$$

r
>
1

.
Protracted magmatism and crust–mantle interaction during continental collision: insights from the Variscan granitoids of the external western Alps
Authors: Fréville Kévin , Jacob Jean-Baptiste , Vanardois Jonas , Trap Pierre , Melleton Jérémie , Faure Michel , Guillot Stéphane , Janots Emilie , Bruguier Olivier , Poujol Marc , Lach Philippe , Révillon Sidonie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVariscan granitoids and associated mafic rocks exposed in the External Crystalline Massifs (ECM) of the Western Alps document the Variscan stages from the early Carboniferous collision to the early Permian post-collisional setting. Our study focuses on the Central part of the ECM, synthesizing newly acquired and existing geochronological, whole-rock geochemical and isotopic data. We identified two distinctive magmatic series: (i) high-K calc-alkaline granitoids, which range from magnesian (MgG) to ferro-magnesian (FeMgG) rocks; (ii) ultra-high-K metaluminous (UHKM) rocks (“durbachites”). These series were emplaced roughly simultaneously between ca. 350 and 300 Ma, with two main episodes during the Visean (ca. 348–335 Ma) and the late Carboniferous (305–299 Ma), with a more limited activity in between. A younger Permian event at ca. 280–275 Ma has also been identified in one granitoid pluton. Contemporaneous emplacement of these two series reflects concomitant crustal anatexis and melting of LILE–LREE-rich metasomatized lithospheric mantle. Trace elements and Nd–Sr isotopes reveal significant hybridization between these two magmatic end members, by magma mixing, or assimilation of crystallized mafic ultrapotassic enclaves in the high-K calc-alkaline granitoids. Granitoid composition evolves over time, especially SiO2, Mg#, Sr/Y, La/Yb and Nb/Ta, possibly explained by increasing differentiation of magmas over time, changes in the crust versus mantle sources mass-balance, and decrease in melting pressure due to the orogenic collapse. The εNdi values of both high-K calc-alkaline granitoids and durbachites decreases from [− 3.8; − 2.9] to [− 6.4; − 5.2] between 345 and 320 Ma, possibly indicating an increasing influence of subducted/relaminated crustal material contaminating the lithospheric mantle source. εNdi values then rise to [− 3.7; − 0.5] during the late Carboniferous, possibly due to progressive exhaustion of the enriched mantle source, or advection of the asthenosphere during the post-collisional stage.
Graphic abstract
Possible geodynamic scenario along the central-eastern segment of the Variscan Belt, which may account for the temporal evolution of Variscan magmatism in the External Western Alps.
Study draft: “UVC—You Will See” study: longer vs. shorter umbilical venous catheter (UVC) dwell time (6–10 vs. 1–5 days) in very premature infants with birth weight < 1250 g and/or gestational age < 30 weeks
Authors: Meyer Sascha , Hess Steffi , Poryo Martin , Papan Cihan , Simon Arne , Welcker Silvia , Ehrlich Anne , Ruckes Christian 
Published: June 2024

Summary
Background
Umbilical venous catheters (UVCs) are often used in preterm infants. Their use is associated with complications (infections, clot formation, organ injury). Very preterm infants with acquired bloodstream infection are at a higher risk for death and important morbidities (e.g., adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes). It is standard clinical practice to remove UVCs in the first days of life. Replacement of intravenous access is often performed using percutaneously inserted central catheters (PICCs). It is unclear whether serial central line use affects the rates of catheter-related complications.

Methods
A multicenter randomized controlled trial (random group assignment) was performed in 562 very premature (gestational age < 30 weeks) and/or very low birth weight infants (< 1250 g) requiring an UVC for administration of parenteral nutrition and/or drugs. Group allocation was random.

Hypothesis
A UVC dwell time of 6–10 days (281 infants) is not associated with an increased rate of central venous catheter (UVC, PICC)-related complications compared to 1–5 days (281 infants), and a longer UVC dwell time will significantly reduce the number of painful, invasive procedures associated with the need for vascular access as well as radiation exposure, use of antibiotics, and medical costs.

Primary outcome parameter
The number of catheter-related bloodstream infections and/or catheter-related thromboses and/or catheter-associated organ injuries related to the use of UVC/PICC was the primary outcome.

Conclusion
Extending the UVC dwell time may significantly reduce the number of painful invasive procedures, with the potential to positively impact not only long-term pain perception but also important social competencies (attention, learning, and behavior). Thus, the “UVC—You Will See” study has the potential to substantially change current neonatal intensive care practice.
Intelligent analysis of android application privacy policy and permission consistency
Authors: Tu Tengfei , Zhang Hua , Gong Bei , Du Daizhong , Wen Qiaoyan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWith the continuous development of mobile devices, mobile applications bring a lot of convenience to people’s lives. The abuse of mobile device permissions is prone to the risk of privacy leakage. The existing detection technology can detect the inconsistency between the declared authority and the actual use authority. But using the third-party privacy policy as the analysis basis for SDK permissions will result in a large set of extracted declaration permissions, which will lead to identifying risky applications as normal applications during consistency comparison. The prevailing approach involves utilizing models based on TextCNN to extract information from privacy policies. However, the training of TextCNN relies on large-scale annotated datasets, leading to high costs. This paper uses BERT as the word vector extraction model to obtain private phrases from the privacy policy. And then we use cosine similarity to automatically filter permission phrase samples, reducing the workload of manual labeling. On the other hand, existing methods do not support the analysis of Chinese privacy policies. In order to solve the problem of consistency judgment between Chinese privacy policy and permission usage, we implement a BERT-based Android privacy policy and permission usage consistency analysis engine. The engine first uses static analysis to obtain the permission list of Android applications, and then combines the BERT model to achieve consistency analysis. After functional and speed testing, we found that the engine can successfully run the consistency analysis function of Chinese declaration permissions and usage permissions, and it is better than the existing detection methods.