bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SERUM VITAMIN D LEVELS, URICEMIA AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK OF NON- STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SERUM VITAMIN D LEVELS, URICEMIA AND CARDIOVASC
Authors: Liliane Kuate Mfeukeu , Rene Nkeck Jan , Claudine Yondo Ndedi , Doris Essama , Madeleine Ngandeu , Vicky Ama Moor 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
To study the relationship between serum vitamin D levels, uricemia, and cardiovascular risk (CVR) in non-diabetic hypertensive patients in Yaoundé (Cameroon).

Design and method:
We carried out a cross-sectional study from January to August 2022 among non-diabetic hypertensive patients followed in Yaoundé. We measured serum 25 (OH) vitamin D, uricemia, and estimated CVR using the WHO Africa, SCORE 2003, Framingham 2008, ASCVD 2013, and Reynolds scores. Association between variables were sought by linear regression and calculation of odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Linear regression results are presented with the regression coefficient (B)and its 95% CI.

Results:
Among the 155 participants (63.9% women, mean 57.3 ±10 years), hyperuricemia and vitamin D deficit concerned 25.2 and 68.4%, respectively. Vitamin D deficit was associated with duration of hypertension of less than 9 years (OR=2.5 [1.29; 5.19]) and hypocalcemia (OR=2.93 [1.39; 6.15]). No linear regression model was predictive of vitamin D concentrations from uricemia. In linear regression, vitamin D did shown an association with CVR scores; whereas, uricemia independently predicted WHO (B=0.18 [0.002; 0.137]) and Framingham (p=0.04 [0.007; 0.180]) scores

Conclusions:
This study did not reveal an association between vitamin D and serum uric acid concentrations in the population studied. In contrast to vitamin D, there is a clear relevance of serum uric acid in the prediction of their CVR
INFLUENCE OF METABOLIC SYNDROME AND ITS COMPONENTS ON TELOMERE LENGTH
Authors: Lezhenikova Alyona , Bragina Anna , Druzhinina Nataliya , Vasileva Lubov , Shikhmagomedov Rustam , Mohammadi Leila , Novikov Kirill , Podzolkov Valeriy 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
to assess the influence of different metabolic markers, metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components on telomere length

Design and method:
we examined 45 patients (44.4% men) age median was 26[21;39] years. All patients underwent waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), neck circumference (NC) measurement, LAP (Lipid Accumulation Product), VAI (Visceral Adiposity Index), BFP (Body Fat Percentage), BAI (Body Adiposity Index) indices evaluation, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TC), blood glucose testing. Telomere length was assessed by PCR and fluorimetry. Statistical processing of the data was done with
STATISTICA 10 software.

Results:
the patients were divided into two groups: with MS (n=10; 22.2%) and without MS (n=35; 77.8%). Groups had no difference by gender, age and smoking status (p>0.05). MS group had elevated levels of BMI, WC, HC, NC and percentage of obesity in comparison with non-MS group (p<0.05). Patients with MS more frequently suffered from hypertension (50%), dyslipidemia (90%), hyperglycemia (20%) and had higher systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) than non-MS group (p<0.05). In MS group LAP (138.7[90.6;156]), BFP (33.3[28.7;43.9]) and BAI (33.6[29.7;38.5]) indices were significantly higher than in control group (LAP (16.17[9.7;38.2]), BFP (25.8[17.6;29.2]) and BAI (24.8[21.5;27.4])) (p<0.001). We revealed correlation relationships of telomere length with WC (r=-0.3; p<0.05), HC (r=-0.35; p<0.05), NC (r=-0.53; p<0.05); TC (r=-0.64; p<0.05), LDL (r=-0.52; p<0.05), HDL (r=0.59; p<0.05), TG (r=-0.46; p<0.05), blood glucose (r=-0.33; p<0.05), integral metabolic indices: LAP(r=-0.4; p<0.05), BAI(r=-0.32; p<0.05) and presence of MS (r=-0.36; p<0.05), dyslipidemia (r=-0.76; p<0.05) and DBP level (r=-0.31; p<0.05). We performed multivariate linear regression analysis to assess influence of different MS components that demonstrated correlation with telomere length: TC (b = -0.4, Std. Err of b = -0.1, p= 0.003), blood glucose (b = -0.26, Std. Err of b = 0.12, p= 0.004) and HDL (b = 0.69, Std. Err of b = 0.26, p= 0.001).

Conclusions:
telomere length is significantly shorter in patients with MS than in patients of comparable age without MS. Decrease in HDL and increase in TC and blood glucose significantly influences on telomere length.
REMNANT CHOLESTEROL TRAJECTORY AND INCIDENT ISCHEMIC STROKE IN THE GENERAL POPULATION: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY
Authors: Chen Chaolei , Huang Yuqing , Wu Shouling , Feng Yingqing 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
Studies have demonstrated that single measure of remnant cholesterol (RC) is correlated with the risk of ischemic stroke. However, it is unknown whether long-term patterns such as RC trajectory affects the risk of ischemic stroke. We sought to examine the role of RC trajectory in the subsequent development of ischemic stroke in the general population.

Design and method:
We performed analysis using data of eligible participants from the Kailuan Study cohort who underwent 3 health examinations and were free of atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, stroke, cancer, or known lipid-medication use from 2006 to 2010. Distinct RC trajectories were fitted using group-based trajectory modeling. Participants were followed up for stroke events until 31 December 2021. Multivariate analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate hazard ratio (HR) with 95% CI.

Results:
The final study cohort comprised 42 979 participants (mean [SD] age, 49.3 [11.8] years, and 76.6% of them were men). After a median follow-up of 11.0 years, 2277 individuals were newly diagnosed with ischemic stroke. We identified three RC trajectories, which included the low-decreasing group (n=38 413, 89.4%), the moderate-increasing group (n=1282, 3%), and the high-decreasing group (n=3284, 7.6%). Compared with the low-decreasing trajectory group, both individuals in the moderate-increasing group (HR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.56) and high-decreasing group (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.43) had higher risk of ischemic stroke after adjusting for age, sex, education, income, marriage, smoking, drinking, physical activity, family history of cardiovascular disease, estimated glomerular filtration rate, C-reactive protein, heart rate, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, antidiabetic drugs, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, antihypertensive drugs, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Results remained robust after additionally adjusting for baseline RC or cumulative RC exposure during 2006-2010, excluding events within the first year of follow-up, or considering death as competing risk.

Conclusions:
Both moderate and high RC trajectories were associated with a higher risk of ischemic stroke in the general population.
ASSOCIATION OF BLOOD PRESSURE TRAJECTORIES SINCE YOUNG ADULTHOOD WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN LATER LIFE
Authors: Chen Chaolei , Huang Yuqing , Wu Shouling , Feng Yingqing 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
To identify blood pressure (BP) trajectories since young adulthood and to determine their association with risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in later life.

Design and method:
This cohort study used data of young adults aged 18 to 39 years from the Kailuan Cohort, a prospective longitudinal study of Chinese men and women. Using group-based trajectory modeling, distinct BP trajectories from 2006 to 2010 were identified for 5 BP traits (mid-BP, SBP, DBP, MAP, and PP). Main outcomes were incident CVD (coronary revascularization, myocardial infarction, heart failure, or stroke), which were collected until 31 December 2020. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the associations between BP trajectories and the risk of incident CVD.

Results:
Of the 11 535 adults included in the study (mean [SD] age, 32.6 [5.1] years), 8708 (75.5%) were men. We identified 3 trajectories for all BP traits (except for PP, which was 2). Among them, the mid-BP trajectory distribution was 4566 individuals (39.6%) with low-increasing, 5996 (52.0%) with moderate-increasing, and 973 (8.4%) with high-stable. Compared with the mid-BP low-increasing trajectory group, individuals in the moderate-increasing and high-stable groups had higher risk of CVD (moderate: HR, 2.44; 95% CI, 1.47 to 4.06; high: HR, 3.82; 95% CI, 1.98 to 7.39) after adjusting for socio-demographics and cardiovascular risk factors, as well as the baseline mid-BP level. Results were consistent after additionally adjusting for cumulative mid-BP exposure during 2006 to 2010 (moderate: HR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.41 to 3.79; high: HR, 3.18; 95% CI, 1.72 to 5.90). Besides, the increased CVD risk associated with higher trajectories were also significant for SBP, DBP, MAP, and PP, and remained robust through several sensitivity analyses, which included excluding those who ever used antihypertensive drugs during 2006 to 2010, excluding events within the first year of follow-up, and considering death as competing risk.

Conclusions:
Higher BP trajectories since early adulthood were associated with an increased risk of CVD in later life. Early detection of BP trajectories may assist in more accurate identification of individuals with high risk of future CVD.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE GERIATRIC NUTRITIONAL RISK INDEX AND THE RISK OF STROKE IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION: A LONGITUDINAL AND COHORT STUDY
Authors: Cai Xintian , Hu Junli , Li Nanfang 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
We aimed to investigate the association between the GNRI and the risk of stroke in elderly patients with hypertension.

Design and method:
A total of 5312 elderly hypertensive patients free of history of stroke were included. Multivariate Cox models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for stroke and its subtypes.

Results:
The average time of follow-up was 3.8 years, and the median time was 3.2 years. We identified 640 individuals with stroke, of whom 526 had an ischemic stroke (IS) and 114 had a hemorrhagic stroke (HS). After adjusting for confounding variables, compared with participants in the lowest quartile of the GNRI, those in the third and fourth quartiles were associated with a decreased risk of stroke (adjusted HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.58-0.90, and adjusted HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.46-0.74, respectively, P for trend < 0.001). Similar results were found for IS and HS. Moreover, there were L-shaped associations of GNRI with new-onset HS (P for non-linearity = 0.034). Multiple sensitivity analyses and stratified analyses did not materially change the results.

Conclusions:
In summary, we found that a lower GNRI was associated with a higher risk of incident stroke in elderly hypertensive patients. Additional prospective data collection is required to confirm our findings.
THE ASSOCIATION OF SERUM URIC ACID LEVELS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY
Authors: Boyarinova Maria , Rotar Oxana , Moguchaia Ekaterina , Kolesova Ekaterina , Erina Anastasia , Tolkunova Kristina , Vasilieva Elena , Usoltsev Dmitry , Artomov Mykyta , Konradi Alexandra 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
A number of epidemiological studies have demonstrated the association of hyperuricemia with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. There are also data showing that hypouricemia can lead to endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress, therefore, increasing the risk of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and kidney disease. The purpose was to evaluate the relationship between serum uric acid levels and fatal/non-fatal cardiovascular diseases in the Russian population-based sample during 8 years of follow-up

Design and method:
As a part of all-Russian epidemiology survey ESSE-RF a random sample of 4800 subjects was enrolled into the study. All subjects signed informed consent and underwent a questionnaire, anthropometry, blood pressure measurement, laboratory examination (biochemical blood tests, including uric acid). The observation period was 8 years with registration of cardiovascular end points: fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, transient ischemic attack. All patients were divided into 8 groups according to the reference level of serum uric acid based on South Korean population-based study categorization (Cho SK et al., 2018).

Results:
Data from 4168 subjects were collected. We demonstrated association between serum uric acid level and risk of CVD events, where age-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality was significant only for the highest group of uric acid (Table 1). When the model was adjusted for body mass index (BMI), hypertension, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and diabetes mellitus (DM), for DM only significant association remained (HR 4,6 (95% CI 1,91-11,0), p<0,001).

Conclusions:
In the Russian cohort only the highest uric acid level was predictive for increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In the Russian population, the association between uric acid and cardiovascular events is explained primarily by the presence of diabetes.
Agreement No 075-15-2022-301.
CAN ANTHROPOMETRIC INDICES PREDICT THE CHANCE OF HYPERTENSION? A MULTICENTRE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN IRAN
Authors: Bazrafshan Mehdi , Drissi Hamed Bazrafshan , Akbari-khezrabadi Ali , Zibaeenezhad Mohammad Javad , Shojaeefard Ehsan , Naseri Arzhang , Mousavi Shahrokh , Sarejloo Shirin , Karimi Mohammadreza , Parsa Nader , Sayadi Mehrab , Razeghian-jahromi Iman , Zibaeenejad Fatemeh , Mohammadi Seyyed Saeed 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
This study aims to assess the prevalence of hypertension (HTN) and determine the relationship between HTN and anthropometric indices including fat distribution, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in Shiraz Heart Study.

Design and method:
Setting: In this cross-sectional study, subjects were enrolled in 25 clinics in Shiraz. I.R. Iran between 2019 and 2021.
Participants: A total number of 7225 individuals were selected, aged between 40 and 70 years of whom 52.3% were female. Among the people living in Shiraz, individuals living far from clinics, cases of mental or physical disabilitiy and documented cardiovascular diseases were excluded.
Primary and secondary outcome measures:
Primary outcome: The association of body composition, WHR, WHtR and BMI with HTN.
Secondary outcome: The sensitivity and specificity of the WHtR for the prediction of HTN.

Results:
A total number of 7225 adults were enrolled. HTN prevalence was 19.3%. Obesity prevalence was estimated to be 28.5%. WHR and lean body mass showed a significant association with HTN (p<0.05). Receiver operating characteristic for WHtR yielded an area under the curve of 0.62 (95% CI 0.61 to 0.64) and 0.63 (95% CI 0.62 to 0.65) for males and females, respectively. The optimal threshold value yielded 0.54 in men and 0.61 in women. The sensitivity was 72.3% and 73.9% in women and men, with specificity of 48.4% and 44.3%, respectively.

Conclusions:
HTN had a meaningful association with all the noted anthropometric indices. WHtR performed well as a predictor of HTN.
PRECLINICAL VASCULAR ORGAN DAMAGE AND VASCULAR AGEING ASSESMENT IN NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE AND METABOLIC ASSOCIATED FATTY LIVER DISEASE PATIENTS
Authors: Barbato Vincenzo , Grillo Andrea , Rosson Marco , Pierro Giuliano Di , Zorat Francesca , Comar Consuelo , Fabris Bruno , Bernardi Stella , Puato Massimo 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) are a growing health problem, with a growing prevalence due to its association with metabolic syndrome and diabetes. It is known to be a risk factor for the development of cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma, but it is also known to be an important cardiovascular risk factor. The aim of this study is to assess the burden of preclinical vascular organ damage.

Design and method:
The study enrolled 80 consecutive patients (mean age 63.3±15.0) who underwent hepatological evaluation in our department, with evaluation of liver fibrosis score (APRI score, FIB-4) and liver stiffness, and quantification of cardiovascular risk according to Guidelines (2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice). Carotid atherosclerotic burden was evaluated by B-mode ultrasound in each segment (common, bulb, internal), bilaterally, and expressed as mean of maximum IMT (M-MAX), right common carotid artery distensibility and stiffness (CardioVascular Suite 4, Quipu, Italy). Aortic stiffness was evaluated as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), measured by applanation tonometry (PulsePen DiaTecne, Italy), with calculation of vascular ageing.

Results:
We found no significant correlation between ultrasound or tonometry parameters and liver stiffness and fibrosis scores. VPWV was significantly above upper limit of normal of 10 m/s (11.6±6.0 m/s, p=0.02), and the percentiles for age were significantly higher than 50th (61.7±25.1, p<0.001), with 52,5% of patients showing increased PWV. Similarly, M-MAX was higher than the upper normality level of 0.9 mm (1.09±0.30 mm, p<0.001). 70% of patients had an increased M-MAX. Vascular age based on arterial stiffness resulted significantly higher than biological age (mean difference 4.6 years, p<0.001). 76.2% (71/80) of the overall cohort and 45,2% (14/31) of patients classified as low risk showed at least one type of vascular organ damage.

Conclusions:
Patients with NAFLD or MAFLD showed a large prevalence of arterial stiffening and increased IMT and an enhanced vascular ageing, even among those classified at low cardiovascular risk according to Guidelines. Vascular organ damage evaluation could be useful to identify preclinical organ damage in these patients
ASSESSMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS ACCORDING TO CURRENT HYPERTENSION GUIDELINES
Authors: Anyfanti Panagiota , Xanthopoulou Maria , Nousiou Christina , Angeloudi Elena , Lazaridis Antonios , Michaillou Olga , Dimitroulas Theodoros , Kotsis Vasileios , Gkaliagkousi Eugenia 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) by as much as 50% compared to the general population. Considering that disease-specific calculators have failed to provide more accurate CVD risk stratification in RA, CVD risk calculation in RA patients is challenging, especially for those who are not by definition at high risk based on concomitant established CVD or its equivalents. The presence of an immune-mediated inflammatory disease (e.g., RA) has been considered as a CVD risk modifier by the previous 2018 European Society of Hypertension/European Society of Cardiology (ESH/ESC) guidelines. Nevertheless, current 2023 ESH/ESC guidelines recommend assessment in RA using general CVD risk calculators.

Design and method:
We aimed to calculate CVD risk in RA patients using the most frequently applied CVD risk calculators in the general population. We only stratified patients free from established CVD (heart disease, stroke) or its equivalents (diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease) aged 40-74 years. The following algorithms were applied: (i) SCORE2 (Systemic Coronary Risk Estimation-2), (ii) Framingham Risk Score-Adult Treatment Panel (FRS-ATP) CVD risk calculator, and (iii) the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) Pooled Cohort Equation. We further correlated the estimated CVD risk by each algorithm with surrogate CVD markers, i.e. arterial stiffness and carotid atherosclerosis. For this purpose, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) was measured using applanation tonometry (Sphygmocor ®), and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) was estimated using carotid ultrasound.

Results:
A total of 91 patients aged 60.3±8.1 years were included (78% females). Using the FRS-ATP algorithm, more patients were classified as high risk and fewer as low risk compared to the other calculators (Table 1). Moreover, CVD risk calculated with FRS-ATP correlated stronger with both cfPWV and cIMT, compared to CVD risk calculated with the other algorithms (Table 2).

Conclusions:
In RA patients without established CVD, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease, the FRS-ATP algorithm may be applied as a useful tool for CVD risk stratification. Prospective, large-scale studies are warranted to determine the most reliable CVD risk prediction model for patients with RA.
FEATURES OF LIPID METABOLISM DISORDERS IN INDIVIDUALS WITH GENETIC PREDISPOSITION TO ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND PATIENTS WITH ESSENTIAL ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Kuzminova Nataliia , Ivankova Anastasiia , Stanislavchuk Mykola , Romanova Valentyna , Shapoval Iryna , Kulchytska Olena , Bilovol Oleksandr , Kniazkova Iryna 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
To determine the peculiarities of lipid metabolism indicators’ changes in healthy individuals with a genetic predisposition to arterial hypertension (AH) and patients with essential arterial hypertension (EAH).

Design and method:
231 patients with second stage of EAH (105 men and 126 women; average age was 52.3±1.2 years) were examined. The duration of EAH was 9.7±0.45 years. 121 of them had a concomitant stable coronary artery disease (CAD). The control group included 30 healthy people of similar age and gender. A comparison group consisted of 23 healthy individuals with a AH family history. Additionally to lipid spectrum, levels of lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)), apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100) and apolipoprotein A-1 (apoA-1) were determined. Statistical calculations were performed using Statistica for Windows 10.0.

Results:
Patients with genetic predisposition to AH had similar to indicators in patients with II EAH stage proatherogenic changes in lipid fractions. Their Lp(a) levels increased to 29.9 (24.5; 32.1) mg/dl, which is 67.0% higher than the levels in the control group (p=0.0005). Levels of apolipoproteins (apoB100 and apoA1) in the serum of healthy persons with AH predisposition did not differ from the control group. Patients with stage II EAH showed an increase in proatherogenic fractions of lipoproteins, apoB100, Lp(a), and a decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and apoA-1 compared to control (p<0.0001). Analysis of lipid indicators in patients with concomitant CAD compared to patients without CAD revealed no significant differences between these two groups, except of increasing in the Lp(a) level by 24.4% (p<0.05). A significant positive correlations were found between the Lp(a) level with both the sum of scores on the SCORE scale and the CAD presence (r=0.25 and r=0.35, p=0.002), respectively.

Conclusions:
The lipid metabolism disorders in people with determinism for AH begin even before an increase in blood pressure and are genetically determined. The addition of hypertension contributes to the further progression of lipid metabolism disorders. The obtained data indicate the high prognostic significance of Lp(a) in patients with EAH in the development and establishment of both hypertension itself and CAD and increasing of patients’ cardiovascular risk.