bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lymphoma occurring in patients with cutaneous melanoma
Authors: Verwer Nick , Murali Rajmohan , Winstanley Julie , Cooper Wendy A , Stretch Jonathan R , Thompson John F , Scolyer Richard A 
Published: July 2010

BackgroundNon-melanoma malignancies are not uncommon in patients with melanoma. This study sought to determine the incidence of lymphoma in patients with melanoma compared with the general population, and to characterise their clinical and pathological features.MethodsPatients diagnosed with melanoma and lymphoma between January 1992 and December 2007 were identified from the databases of Melanoma Institute Australia (MIA) and the Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (RPAH). The clinical histories of the patients in the MIA database and pathology reports in the RPAH archives were reviewed. The incidence risk for melanoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma was obtained from Australian Cancer Incidence and Mortality registry data.ResultsOf 18 226 patients with melanoma, 55 (0.3%) had lymphoma. Lymphoma was diagnosed subsequent to melanoma in 23 (41.8%) patients, prior to melanoma in 7 (12.7%) patients, and concurrently with melanoma in 25 (45.5%) patients. 53 (96.4%) patients developed non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), the most common subtypes being chronic lymphocytic leukaemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (49.1%), follicular lymphoma (23.6%) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (16.4%). Two (3.6%) patients developed Hodgkin lymphoma. Melanoma patients had a significantly higher risk of developing NHL than the general population (standardised incidence rate 3.5).ConclusionsA small but significant proportion of patients with melanoma develop lymphoma, either synchronously or metachronously. Lymph node specimens from melanoma patients might harbour lymphoma, and might represent the first recognised site of disease. A high index of suspicion for lymphoma when evaluating lymph nodes from patients with melanoma will ensure prompt diagnosis and appropriate management.
DFT STUDY ON METAL CATIONIZATION AND O6-PROTONATION ON 2′-DEOXYGUANOSINE CONFIGURATION: CHANGES ON SUGAR PUCKERING AND STRENGTH OF THE N-GLYCOSIDIC BOND
Authors: AHMADI MARYAM S. , FATTAHI ALIREZA 
Published: July 2010

Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed at the B3LYP/6-311++G (d, p) level to determine coordination geometries, absolute metal ion affinities, and free energies for all possible complexation stable products formed by monovalent metal cations including Li+ , Na+ , K+ with the nucleoside 2′-Deoxyguanosine. All computations indicate that the metal ion affinity (MIA) decreases on going from Li+ to Na+ and K+ for 2′-Deoxyguanosine. For example, the affinities for the metal ions described above are 75.2, 57.3, 43.4 kcal/mol, respectively. Furthermore, the influence of metal cationization and O6 protonation on the strength of the N-glycosidic bond, torsion angles and angle of pseudorotation (P) have been studied. With respect to the results, it has been found that metal binding significantly change the values of the phase angle of pseudorotation (P) in the sugar unit of these nucleosides but, O6 -protonation do not significantly change the values of the torsion angles and angle of pseudorotation (P). In all modified forms, the length of the C1'–N9 bond increases. The Mulliken population analysis and natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis on atomic charges have been carried out on the optimized geometries.
Expression of Receptors for Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone (LH-RH) in Prostate Cancers following Therapy with LH-RH Agonists
Authors: Liu Stephen V. , Schally Andrew V. , Hawes Debra , Xiong Shigang , Fazli Laden , Gleave Martin , Cai Jie , Groshen Susan , Brands Frank , Engel Juergen , Pinski Jacek 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Purpose: In addition to their expression on pituitary cells, receptors for luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) are found on most prostate cancer cells. These tumoral LH-RH receptors mediate the direct cytotoxic effects of LH-RH analogs and are potential therapeutic targets. Although pituitary LH-RH receptors are downregulated following prolonged exposure to LH-RH agonists, there is no evidence that tumoral receptors behave in a similar manner. To better characterize expression of tumoral LH-RH receptors, specimens of prostate cancer from various cohorts of patients were analyzed.
Experimental Design: Surgical specimens were obtained from untreated patients with prostate cancer and from patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer previously treated with bilateral orchiectomy. To address the possibility of receptor downregulation, two additional cohorts of patients who had been previously treated with LH-RH agonists were included. One group received neoadjuvant therapy prior to prostatectomy, and the other group was treated for metastatic disease with LH-RH agonists and, at progression, required palliative resection of the prostate. Lymph node metastases from previously untreated patients were subjected to similar analysis.
Results: Expression of LH-RH receptors was found in most specimens. The relative expression of LH-RH receptor mRNA in untreated patients was greater in patients whose tumor had received a Gleason score &lt;8.
Conclusions: LH-RH receptor expression persisted despite prolonged exposure to LH-RH agonists. These findings support the concept of targeting cytotoxic LH-RH analogs to prostatic LH-RH receptors, using these receptors to gain entry into cancer cells to deliver a hybridized cytotoxic moiety for the treatment of prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 16(18); 4675–80. ©2010 AACR.
Assessment of Vaccine-Induced CD4 T Cell Responses to the 119-143 Immunodominant Region of the Tumor-Specific Antigen NY-ESO-1 Using DRB1*0101 Tetramers
Authors: Ayyoub Maha , Pignon Pascale , Dojcinovic Danijel , Raimbaud Isabelle , Old Lloyd J. , Luescher Immanuel , Valmori Danila 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Purpose: NY-ESO-1 (ESO), a tumor-specific antigen of the cancer/testis group, is presently viewed as an important model antigen for the development of generic anticancer vaccines. The ESO119-143 region is immunodominant following immunization with a recombinant ESO vaccine. In this study, we generated DRB1*0101/ESO119-143 tetramers and used them to assess CD4 T-cell responses in vaccinated patients expressing DRB1*0101 (DR1).
Experimental Design: We generated tetramers of DRB1*0101 incorporating peptide ESO119-143 using a previously described strategy. We assessed ESO119-143-specific CD4 T cells in peptide-stimulated postvaccine cultures using the tetramers. We isolated DR1/ESO119-143 tetramer+ cells by cell sorting and characterized them functionally. We assessed vaccine-induced CD4+ DR1/ESO119-143 tetramer+ T cells ex vivo and characterized them phenotypically.
Results: Staining of cultures from vaccinated patients with DR1/ESO119-143 tetramers identified vaccine-induced CD4 T cells. Tetramer+ cells isolated by cell sorting were of TH1 type and efficiently recognized full-length ESO. We identified ESO123-137 as the minimal optimal epitope recognized by DR1-restricted ESO-specific CD4 T cells. By assessing DR1/ESO119-143 tetramer+ cells using T cell receptor (TCR) β chain variable region (Vβ)-specific antibodies, we identified several frequently used Vβ. Finally, direct ex vivo staining of patients' CD4 T cells with tetramers allowed the direct quantification and phenotyping of vaccine-induced ESO-specific CD4 T cells.
Conclusions: The development of DR1/ESO119-143 tetramers, allowing the direct visualization, isolation, and characterization of ESO-specific CD4 T cells, will be instrumental for the evaluation of spontaneous and vaccine-induced immune responses to this important tumor antigen in DR1-expressing patients. Clin Cancer Res; 16(18); 4607–15. ©2010 AACR.
The Hodayot’s Use of the Psalter: Text-critical Contributions (Book 3: Pss 73-89)
Authors: Elwolde John 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis is the third article in a series of studies that analyses detailed correspondences between the Psalms and the Hodayot for the light the Hodayot may shed on the textual development of the Psalter. The texts discussed in this article include Pss 77:6, 7; 77:18, 78:15, 38, 69; 79:8; 80:13; 82:3; 86:4, 12; 86:14/54:5; 88:4; 89:6, 7, 8, 10, 12.
Pourquoi le lecteur rit-il d’Haman en Esther 6™?
Authors: Wénin André 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis study is dedicated to the narrative working out of the dramatic irony that makes the reader laugh at the expense of Haman in the Masoretic text of Esther 6. Two main devices contribute to create this effect: the transparency in the characterisation of the prime minister of Persia in chaps 3, 5 and 6, and the intelligent use of internal focalisation by the omniscient narrator in 6:6b. In this text, irony has clearly a humoristic function, but also an axiological one.
Vom Propheten und seiner Frau, einem Ephod und einem Teraphim—Anmerkungen zu Hos 3:1-4, 5
Authors: Rudnig-Zelt Susanne 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis article has a double focus. On the one hand it covers the problems of Hos 3. It shows that Hos 3:3 announces punishment to the inhabitants of the former Northern kingdom and that Hos 3:5 represents a later addition. Hos 3:1-4,5 proves to be a late text. Thus it cannot be used as a biographical source for the 8th-century prophet Hosea. But it gives valuable insight in the theological debates of the late Persian era.
On the other hand this article investigates the origins of ephod and teraphim (Hos 3:4): do the names apply to figurines of gods or even of Yahwe himself? The results point in a different direction. ‘Ephod’ seems to be the name of a priestly garment, and ‘teraphim’ originally designates a group of artefacts used for mantic purposes. Only in late texts do ephod und teraphim denote forbidden images illustrating supposed cultic abuses of ancient times.
Twenty Years of Economic Transition in the Balkans: Transition Failures and Development Challenges
Authors: Petrakos George , Monastiriotis Vassilis 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis paper seeks to review and evaluate a series of theoretical and policy issues with regards to the process of transition and European accession of the Balkan countries. We begin by reviewing some key aspects of economic structure and performance relating to the processes of transition and integration. We then examine in turn what these aspects imply for the assumptions of theory and policy concerning the speed of transition, the benefits of integration, and the process of convergence, as well as for the policy approach to transition, accession and development that was followed in the Balkans. We conclude that this stock-taking, twenty years since the advent of transition in the Balkans and at a time when the region starts to slowly recover from the effects of the global economic crisis, highlights the need for a radical revision of the growth model of the region and the design of a concrete Development Plan for its future.
The use of morphine to control pain in advanced cancer: an investigation of clinical usage in Bangladesh
Authors: Dehghan Roghieh , Ramakrishnan Jairam , Ahmed Nezamuddin , Harding Richard 
Published: July 2010

In 2007, 13% of all deaths worldwide were due to cancer, and of these 72% occurred in low- and middle-income countries. Opioids are essential for the successful delivery of palliative care and pain control. This paper reports data from a cross-sectional survey that aimed to investigate the use of morphine in advanced cancer in palliative care setting in Bangladesh, in order to inform clinical practice and fledgling service development. The study was a single semi-structured qualitative interview study. Cancer patients, family members and palliative care specialists (20 in total) were interviewed in two medical settings. Transcripts were transcribed verbatim, translated and cross-checked with two local interpreters. Data were imported into NVIVO 8 for coding. A coding frame was generated following line by line coding. Relational codes were established following peer review of coding units and the resulting frame. Despite having been under the pain and palliative care clinics only six out of 10 patients had received morphine. Lack of morphine availability resulted in physical suffering of patients and emotional distress of their families. Lack of availability of morphine was identified as the main barrier to pain control. International attention and collaboration with local policy makers is needed to simplify narcotic regulations and increase the availability of morphine.
High risk of MS in Iranian immigrants in Gothenburg, Sweden
Authors: Ahlgren C. , Lycke J. , Odén A. , Andersen O. 
Published: July 2010

Background: In this study we investigated the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) in migrants who had moved from Iran to Gothenburg, Sweden. Methods: Patients born in Iran were retrieved from a population-based cohort, which included 534 MS and clinically isolated syndrome patients, born 1959—1990, aged 10—39 years at disease onset in Gothenburg. The expected versus observed number of migrants from Iran was calculated. Results: The MS risk in the Iranian migrants in Gothenburg was several times higher than in Isfahan, Iran (hazard ratio 3.88, 95% confidence interval 2.17—6.40). Compared with the general population of Gothenburg, the observed number of 17 Iranian patients was higher than the expected value of 9.89 (hazard ratio 1.72, 95% confidence interval 1.00—2.75). Conclusion: Migration from a medium-risk to a high-risk area may increase the MS risk to that of the high-risk area.
Cortical functional reorganization and its relationship with brain structural damage in patients with benign multiple sclerosis
Authors: Giorgio Antonio , Portaccio Emilio , Stromillo Maria Laura , Marino Silvia , Zipoli Valentina , Battaglini Marco , Blandino Anita , Bartolozzi Maria Letizia , Siracusa Gianfranco , Amato Maria Pia , De Stefano Nicola 
Published: July 2010

Background: Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who have a favourable clinical status several years after disease onset are classified as ‘benign’. In many cases brain tissue damage does not differ between benign MS and the ‘classical’ MS forms. Objective: To assess whether the favourable clinical course in benign MS could be explained by the presence of an efficient functional cortical reorganization. Method: Twenty-five right-handed patients with benign MS (defined as having Expanded Disability Status Scale ≤ 3 and disease duration >15 years) underwent functional MRI during a simple motor task (right-hand tapping) to assess movement-associated brain activation. This was compared with that of 10 patients with relapsing—remitting MS and 10 normal controls. Benign MS patients also underwent conventional brain MRI and magnetization transfer imaging, which was compared with an identical examination obtained 1 year before. Quantitative structural magnetic resonance measures were baseline and changes over time in T2-lesion volume, magnetization transfer ratio in T2 lesions and normal-appearing brain and total brain volume. Results: Movement-related activation was greater in patients with benign MS than in those with relapsing—remitting MS or normal controls, extensively involving bilateral regions of the sensorimotor network as well as basal ganglia, insula and cerebellum. Greater activation correlated with lower T2-lesion magnetization transfer ratio, and with decreasing brain volume and increasing T2 lesion volume. Conclusions: The results suggest that bilateral brain networks, beyond those normally engaged in motor tasks, are recruited during a simple hand movement in patients with benign MS. This increased activation is probably the expression of an extensive, compensatory and tissue-damage related functional cortical reorganization. This can explain, at least in part, the favourable clinical expression of patients with benign MS.
RuleMonkey: software for stochastic simulation of rule-based models
Authors: Colvin Joshua , Monine Michael I , Gutenkunst Ryan N , Hlavacek William S , Von Hoff Daniel D , Posner Richard G 
Published: July 2010

Abstract

Background
The system-level dynamics of many molecular interactions, particularly protein-protein interactions, can be conveniently represented using reaction rules, which can be specified using model-specification languages, such as the BioNetGen language (BNGL). A set of rules implicitly defines a (bio)chemical reaction network. The reaction network implied by a set of rules is often very large, and as a result, generation of the network implied by rules tends to be computationally expensive. Moreover, the cost of many commonly used methods for simulating network dynamics is a function of network size. Together these factors have limited application of the rule-based modeling approach. Recently, several methods for simulating rule-based models have been developed that avoid the expensive step of network generation. The cost of these "network-free" simulation methods is independent of the number of reactions implied by rules. Software implementing such methods is now needed for the simulation and analysis of rule-based models of biochemical systems.

Results
Here, we present a software tool called RuleMonkey, which implements a network-free method for simulation of rule-based models that is similar to Gillespie's method. The method is suitable for rule-based models that can be encoded in BNGL, including models with rules that have global application conditions, such as rules for intramolecular association reactions. In addition, the method is rejection free, unlike other network-free methods that introduce null events, i.e., steps in the simulation procedure that do not change the state of the reaction system being simulated. We verify that RuleMonkey produces correct simulation results, and we compare its performance against DYNSTOC, another BNGL-compliant tool for network-free simulation of rule-based models. We also compare RuleMonkey against problem-specific codes implementing network-free simulation methods.

Conclusions
RuleMonkey enables the simulation of rule-based models for which the underlying reaction networks are large. It is typically faster than DYNSTOC for benchmark problems that we have examined. RuleMonkey is freely available as a stand-alone application http://public.tgen.org/rulemonkey. It is also available as a simulation engine within GetBonNie, a web-based environment for building, analyzing and sharing rule-based models.
Precision and accuracy of the subjective haptic vertical in the roll plane
Authors: Schuler Jeanine R , Bockisch Christopher J , Straumann Dominik , Tarnutzer Alexander A 
Published: July 2010

Abstract

Background
When roll-tilted, the subjective visual vertical (SVV) deviates up to 40° from earth-vertical and trial-to-trial variability increases with head roll. Imperfections in the central processing of visual information were postulated to explain these roll-angle dependent errors. For experimental conditions devoid of visual input, e.g. adjustments of body posture or of an object along vertical in darkness, significantly smaller errors were noted. Whereas the accuracy of verticality adjustments seems to depend strongly on the paradigm, we hypothesize that the precision, i.e. the inverse of trial-to-trial variability, is less influenced by the experimental setup and mainly reflects properties of the otoliths. Here we measured the subjective haptic vertical (SHV) and compared findings with previously reported SVV data. Twelve healthy right-handed human subjects (handedness assessed based on subjects' verbal report) adjusted a rod with the right hand along perceived earth-vertical during static head roll-tilts (0-360°, steps of 20°).

Results
SHV adjustments showed a tendency for clockwise rod rotations to deviate counter-clockwise and for counter-clockwise rod rotations to deviate clockwise, indicating hysteresis. Clockwise rod rotations resulted in counter-clockwise shifts of perceived earth-vertical up to -11.7° and an average counter-clockwise SHV shift over all roll angles of -3.3° (± 11.0°; ± 1 StdDev). Counter-clockwise rod rotations yielded peak SHV deviations in clockwise direction of 8.9° and an average clockwise SHV shift over all roll angles of 1.8° (± 11.1°). Trial-to-trial variability was minimal in upright position, increased with increasing roll (peaking around 120-140°) and decreased to intermediate values in upside-down orientation. Compared to SVV, SHV variability near upright and upside-down was non-significantly (p > 0.05) larger; both showed an m-shaped pattern of variability as a function of roll position.

Conclusions
The reduction of adjustment errors by eliminating visual input supports the notion that deviations between perceived and actual earth-vertical in roll-tilted positions arise from central processing of visual information. The shared roll-tilt dependent modulation of trial-to-trial variability for both SVV and SHV, on the other hand, indicates that the perception of earth-verticality is dominated by the same sensory signal, i.e. the otolith signal, independent of whether the line/rod setting is under visual or tactile control.
Sex differences in the combined effect of chronic stress with impaired vascular endothelium functioning and the development of early atherosclerosis: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study
Authors: Chumaeva Nadja , Hintsanen Mirka , Juonala Markus , Raitakari Olli T , Keltikangas-Järvinen Liisa 
Published: July 2010

Abstract

Background
The syndrome of vital exhaustion (VE), characterized by fatigue and irritability, may contribute to an increased risk of atherosclerosis. The aim of the study was to explore sex differences in the interactions of VE with endothelial dysfunction and VE with reduced carotid elasticity, the important contributors to the development of early atherosclerosis, on preclinical atherosclerosis.

Methods
The participants were 1002 women and 719 men aged 24-39 examined in the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study. Vital exhaustion was measured using the Maastricht Questionnaire. Preclinical atherosclerosis was assessed by carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), endothelial function was measured by brachial flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), and arterial elasticity by carotid artery compliance (CAC) using ultrasound techniques.

Results
We found a significant CAC x VE interaction for IMT only for the men. Our results imply that high VE level significantly related to high IMT levels among the men with low CAC, but not among the women with low CAC or among the women or men with high CAC. No significant FMD x VE interactions for IMT for the women or men were found.

Conclusions
High VE may exert an effect on IMT for men with impaired arterial elasticity. The results suggest that high vitally exhausted men with reduced arterial elasticity are at increased risk of atherosclerosis in early life and imply men's decreased stress coping in relation to stressful psychological coronary risk factors.