bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Duodenal active calcium transport in female rats increases with serum calcitriol concentrations, but reaches a plateau far below maximal calcitriol levels
Authors: Boass Agna , Dr. Toverud Svein U. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
To determine the relationship between serum calcitriol concentration and duodenal active calcium (Ca) transport, a wide range of circulating calcitriol concentrations (18-950 pg/ml) was obtained by feeding nonmated, lactating, and weaned rats vitamin D-sufficient diets containing 0.04, 0.06, 0.1, or 0.4% Ca. Ca transport was measured in vitro with the everted gut sac technique using both the proximal (D-1) and distal (D-2) duodenal halves. The ratio of serosal [Ca]/mucosal [Ca] (S/M) as well as the amount of Ca transported was calculated. The S/M ratio correlated with the serum calcitriol concentration over the range 18–90 pg/ml with slopes for the regression lines of 0.066 ± 0.010 (R2 = 0.64, n = 27) for D-1 and of 0.036 ± 0.005 (R2 = 0.73, n = 24) for D-2. The regression lines are significantly different from zero (p &lt; 0.001) and from each other (p &lt; 0.01). For D-1, a plateau of the S/M ratio of 7–9 appeared to be reached at a calcitriol concentration of approximately 90 pg/ml, and the plateau was maintained over the range 90–900 pg/ml calcitriol. For D-2, a plateau of the S/M ratio of 4–6 appeared to be reached at 200–300 pg/ml calcitriol. Calculating the amount of Ca transported per 10 cm per hour revealed a pattern similar to that of the S/M ratio. When net Ca absorption was determined from balance studies over 4 days for rats on a 0.04% Ca diet, maximal absorption (mg/day) was already observed at a serum calcitriol concentration of 60–70 pg/ml (n = 14). We conclude that active Ca transport correlates with serum calcitriol concentrations, but that the transport capacity quickly reaches a maximal value, which is maintained over a 10-fold higher range of serum calcitriol concentrations. (J Bone Miner Res 1996;11:1640–1645)
Establishment of a novel chondrocyte-like cell line derived from transgenic mice harboring the temperature-sensitive simian virus 40 large T-antigen gene
Authors: Mataga Nobuko , Tamura Masato , Yanai Nobuyuki , Shinomura Tamayuki , Kimata Koji , Obinata Masuo , Noda Masaki 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
We established a clonal chondrocyte-like cell line (TC6, TC stands for large T immortalized chondrocyte-like cell line) derived from articular cartilage of transgenic mice harboring a temperature-sensitive simian virus 40 large T-antigen gene. TC6 cells exhibited spindle-like or polygonal morphology and grew well at 33°C in alpha-minimal essential medium supplemented with 0.5% fetal bovine serum. After confluence, these cells formed nodules that were positive for staining with alcian blue. Northern blot analysis demonstrated that these cells expressed messenger RNAs (mRNA) of the genes encoding cartilage-specific proteins such as type II procollagen, link protein, and aggrecan. Furthermore, the expression of type II procollagen and link protein genes in TC6 cells was regulated by parathyroid hormone and basic fibroblast growth factor, suggesting the presence of the receptors for the hormone and cytokine. The expression of link protein mRNA in TC6 cells was regulated in a time-dependent manner and was enhanced in culture within a week and increased continuously up to 10-fold by the end of 4 weeks. Expression of mRNAs encoding type II procollagen and versican/PG-M also increased moderately during the culture period. TC6 cells expressed type I procollagen mRNA, however, its level declined along with time in culture in contrast to the enhancement of the genes encoding cartilage-specific molecules in these cells. Interestingly, alkaline phosphatase mRNA expression was barely detectable in the TC6 cells in their growing phase while it was enhanced dramatically more than 7-fold by day 14 in culture. These results indicate that the TC6 cells could serve as an excellent model for the studies on chondrocyte physiology. (J Bone Miner Res 1996;11:1646–1654)
Role of protein kinase Cα, arf, and cytoplasmic calcium transients in phospholipase D activation by sodium fluoride in osteoblast-like cells
Authors: Bourgoin Sylvain G. , Harbour Danielle , Poubelle Patrice E. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
The effect of fluoride on phospholipase D (PLD) activation was studied using in vitro culture of Saos-2, MG-63 osteosarcoma cells, and normal osteoblast-like cells derived from human bone explants. Millimolar concentrations of NaF induced a significant accumulation of phosphatidylethanol (PEt) in Saos-2 cells but not in MG-63 and normal osteoblast-like cells. PLD activation was evident at 15 mM and concentration-dependent up to 50 mM. This stimulation was inhibited by deferoxamine, a chelator of Al3+, suggesting that PLD activation involves fluoride-sensitive G proteins. A good correlation was found between the levels of intracellular free Ca2+ and the activation of PLD. The time courses of the two responses were nearly identical. The ability of NaF to induce both responses was largely dependent on the presence of extracellular calcium. The calcium ionophore A23187 reproduced the effect of NaF, and this effect was antagonized by EGTA, suggesting that PLD activation was, at least in part, a calcium-regulated event. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) also stimulated PLD activity in human bone cells. Protein kinase C alpha (PKCα) and ε were expressed in Saos-2 cells. Acute pretreatment of cells with PMA reduced concomitantly the amounts of PKCα, but not of PKCε, and the subsequent activation of PLD elicited by PKC activators. The PLD response to NaF was not attenuated but rather enhanced by down-regulation of PKCα. Therefore, PKCα-induced PLD activation is unlikely to mediate the effect of NaF. Moreover, PMA and NaF showed a supraadditive effect on PLD activation in Saos-2 cells. This stimulation, in contrast to NaF alone, was not reduced by EGTA. Hence, mobilization of calcium by NaF cannot account for the enhanced PLD activation in response to PMA stimulation. Membrane Arf and RhoA contents were assessed by Western immunoblot analyses. Membranes derived from NaF-stimulated Saos-2 cells contained more Arf and RhoA when compared with membranes derived from control or PMA-stimulated cells. Translocation of the small GTPases was calcium-independent. We conclude that PLD activation by NaF in Saos-2 cells includes a fluoride-sensitive G protein, increases in the levels of intracellular calcium, and Arf/RhoA redistribution to membranes. The results also indicate that the NaF-induced Arf/RhoA translocation exerts in concert with PMA-activated PKCα a synergistic effect on the activation of PLD in Saos-2 cells. (J Bone Miner Res 1996;11:1655-1665)
Bone structure and turnover in the distal radius and iliac crest: A histomorphometric study
Authors: Schnitzler Christine M. , Biddulph Sydney L. , Mesquita Julia M. , Gear K. Ann 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
In bone grafting procedures of the wrist, the distal radius would be a more convenient graft donor site than the conventionally used iliac crest. We compared tetracycline-labeled bone biopsies from these two sites in 18 white patients (12 males, 6 females, aged 26–66 years) undergoing bone grafting procedures of the wrist. Fourteen had had previous trauma, 1 osteonecrosis of the lunate, 2 mild rheumatoid arthritis, and 1 a brachial plexus palsy. The specimens were processed undecalcified and examined by routine histomorphometry for bone structure, static and dynamic bone turnover variables, and marrow cellularity. We found that bone from the distal radius had thinner cortices (p = 0.0001), lower bone volume (p = 0.01), thinner trabeculae (p = 0.029), greater trabecular separation (p = 0.015), and lower wall thickness (p = 0.0001), marrow cellularity (p = 0.0001), osteoid volume (p = 0.01), osteoid surface (p = 0.02), osteoid thickness (p = 0.0002), osteoblast surface (p = 0.001), eroded surface (p = 0.01), osteoclast surface (p = 0.012), mineral apposition rate (p = 0.0002), double-labeled surface (p = 0.0005), single-labeled surface (p = 0.006), bone formation rate (p = 0.0005), adjusted apposition rate (p = 0.0001), longer mineralization lag time (p = 0.012), and greater activation frequency (p = 0.003). Prolonged mineralization lag time in the radius was associated with thin osteoid seams and low adjusted apposition rates and was therefore attributable to a low level of osteoblast activity rather than to osteomalacia. We conclude that bone from the distal radius was structurally inferior to and had lower turnover than the iliac crest bone. We suggest that where a graft has to provide immediate structural integrity, the iliac crest is the preferred donor site. However, where bone graft is to be compacted into a small cavitary defect, distal radial bone may be an adequate alternative. A clinical study is needed to confirm this assumption. (J Bone Miner Res 1996;11:1761–1768)
A hollow fiber membrane photo‐bioreactor for CO2 sequestration from combustion gas coupled with wastewater treatment: a process engineering approach
Authors: Kumar Amit , Yuan Xin , Sahu Ashish K , Dewulf Jo , Ergas Sarina J , Van Langenhove Herman 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: In the presence of light, micro‐algae convert CO2 and nutrients to biomass that can be used as a biofuel. In closed photo‐bioreactors, however, light and CO2 availability often limit algae production and can be difficult to control using traditional diffuser systems. In this research, a hollow fiber membrane photo‐bioreactor (HFMPB) was investigated to: (1) increase the interfacial contact area available for gas transfer, (2) treat high nutrient strength (412 mg NO3−‐N L−1) wastewater, and (3) produce algal biomass that can be used as a biofuel.RESULTS: A bench scale HFMPB was inoculated with Spirulina platensis and operated with a 2‐15% CO2 supply. A mass transfer model was developed and found to be a good tool to estimate CO2 mass transfer coefficients at varying liquid velocities. Overall mass transfer coefficients were 1.8 × 10−6, 2.8 × 10−6, 5.6 × 10−6m s−1 at Reynolds numbers of 38, 63, and 138, respectively. A maximum CO2 removal efficiency of 85% was observed at an inlet CO2 concentration of 2% and a gas residence time (membrane‐lumen) of 8.6 s. The corresponding algal biomass concentrations and NO3 removal efficiencies were 2131 mg L−1 and 68%, respectively.CONCLUSION: The results show that the combination of CO2 sequestration, wastewater treatment and biofuel production in an HFMPB is a promising alternative for greenhouse gas mitigation. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
The characteristics of the sensible heat and momentum transfer coefficients over the Gobi in Northwest China
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Wang Sheng , Barlage Michael , Tian Wenshou , Huang Ronghui 
Published: February 2010

AbstractUtilizing the data of the intensive observation period (May–June 2000) of the Dunhuang land‐surface process field experiment supported by the ‘Atmosphere‐land Interactive Field Experiment over Arid Regions of Northwest China(NWC‐ALIEX)’, the bulk momentum transfer coefficient (Cd) and the bulk sensible heat transfer coefficient (Ch) between the surface and the atmosphere over the arid Gobi Desert region are determined using three different methods. The results indicate that these coefficients, especially the means, are the same order of magnitude. The influence of the building near the observational station on the results is significant. When the building effect exists, the diurnal variation of the atmospheric bulk transfer coefficients and the bulk Richardson number are irregular. After the building effect is eliminated through analysing the wind direction, the bulk Richardson number and the range of the typical values of the bulk transfer coefficients over the Gobi are obtained. The diurnal variations of the bulk transfer coefficients are smoother than that without the building affect. The bulk transfer coefficients are larger in the daytime than in the nighttime. It is also worth noting that the variations of the bulk transfer coefficients and the bulk Richardson number are just opposite in phase, and that the bulk transfer coefficient for sensible heat flux is more related to the bulk Richardson number than that for momentum flux. The results are more reasonable than that after removing the building effect. The relation between the bulk transfer coefficients is also discussed. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Raman spectroscopy of n‐pentyl methyl ether and deuterium labelled analogues
Authors: Bowen Richard D. , Edwards Howell G. M. , Farwell Dennis W. , Morgan Sara E 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe Raman spectra of n‐pentyl methyl ether, C5H11OCH3, and six selectively deuteriated analogues are reported and discussed. Correlations between the observed ν(sp3CH) stretching and bending bands and the position of the deuterium atoms in the alkyl chain are developed and refined. Similar progress is possible in associating specific skeletal vibrations with bands in the Raman spectra. The relevance of this study to improving the assignment of bands in the Raman spectra of larger systems of biological interest is highlighted. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experimental and theoretical evidence for the chemical mechanism in SERRS of rhodamine 6G adsorbed on colloidal silver excited at 1064 nm
Authors: Dong Bin , Liu Liwei , Xu Hongxing , Sun Mengtao 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe evidence for the existence of a chemical mechanism in surface‐enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) of rhodamine 6G (R6G) adsorbed on colloidal silver excited at 1064 nm is reported on the basis of experimental and theoretical analyses. A weak absorption peak at around 1060 nm for R6G‐functionalized silver nanoparticles was observed, which is not present in the individual spectra of R6G or silver nanoparticles. Theoretically, the charge difference density reveals that this weak absorption is a metal‐to‐molecule charge transfer excited state. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multifunctional human serum albumin in the surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy of porphyrin: demetalation promoter, molecular spacer and stabilizer
Authors: Jia Guoqing , Feng Zhaochi , Wei Chunying , Li Can 
Published: February 2010

AbstractHuman serum albumin (HSA), a model protein, was introduced to the surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) of cationic porphyrin 5,10,15,20‐tetrakis(1‐methyl‐4‐pyridyl)‐21H,23H‐porphine (H2TMPyP4). HSA was found to have a great influence not only on Ag nanoparticle aggregation state but also on the interaction between Ag nanoparticle and H2TMPyP4 molecules. In the (H2TMPyP4‐Ag colloid)/HSA system, addition of H2TMPyP4 to Ag colloid led to a quick Ag colloid aggregation, and subsequent HSA addition could stabilize this system. The SERS spectrum was dominated by a combination of Ag(II)TMPyP4 and free base H2TMPyP4. More interestingly, a photoinduced demetalation of Ag(II)TMPyP4 to free base H2TMPyP4 was observed in the (H2TMPyP4‐Ag colloid)/HSA system. This demetalation process was partially reversible when the laser was turned off or the laser power was reduced. In this case, HSA acts as both a stabilizer and a demetalation promoter. In the (HSA‐H2TMPyP4)/Ag colloid system, when H2TMPyP4 was premixed with HSA prior to the Ag colloid addition, no obvious Ag colloid aggregation appeared, and the SERS spectrum was just characteristic of free base H2TMPyP4. In this case, HSA is proposed to function as both a stabilizer and a molecular spacer. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modelling the biological variance of the yellow aspect of Granny Smith apple colour
Authors: Tijskens LMM , Schouten Rob E , Konopacki Pawel J , Hribar Janez , Simčič Marjan 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: The yellow aspect of colour is usually not considered for produce with a green‐to‐red or a green‐to‐yellow transition upon ripening. The magnitude of change is simply too small and, additionally, masked by a large variation. The colour of ‘Granny Smith’ apples, harvested from three orchards at two stages of maturity, was measured individually using the CIE L*a*b* system during storage in a regular atmosphere at three temperatures: 1, 4 and 10 °C. A model was developed based on a simplified mechanism, consisting of two consecutive reactions, to describe the development of the apple colour expressed as b* and L* values during storage.RESULTS: Monitoring individual apples made it possible to include and describe the biological variance of colour in batches of apples and to extract information on chilling injury, as a process active at 1 °C. All variations could be attributed to a single source related to the amount of yellowing compounds at the moment of harvest, indicating differences in state of maturity between individual apples. The obtained explained part (R2adj), using nonlinear mixed effects regression analysis was well over 90% for all data combined over more than 3000 observations.CONCLUSION: Orchard location had a slight effect on the mean initial colour value, indicating differences in development stage, most probably due to differences in assessing the harvest date. The magnitude of the variation in these colour values was, however, the same for all three orchards. The behaviour of the green colour aspect (a* value) has been reported separately, as this represents the major change in perceived colour. The changes in b* and L* values are rather small, while the biological variation between the individual fruit is at least of the same magnitude. The model presented here is, as far as known, the first model on b* and L* values for green‐coloured products. Analysing b* and L* data using this model provides additional information with respect to the stage of maturity at harvest in a batch or for an orchard of Granny Smith apples. All the variation in the yellow colour aspects could be attributed exclusively to the initial level of yellow compounds. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
The effect of AlloDerm on the initiation and growth of human neovessels
Authors: Weiss Sean R. , Tenney Justin M. , Thomson Jessica L. , Anthony Catherine T. , Chiu Ernest S. , Friedlander Paul L. , Woltering Eugene A. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:AlloDerm (LifeCell Corp., Branchburg, NJ) is commonly employed for reconstruction of ablative soft tissue and mucosal defects following surgical resections. Although devoid of growth factors, AlloDerm may serve as an adhesive matrix for binding of growth factors, increasing local angiogenesis, and wound healing. We hypothesized that AlloDerm would enhance angiogenesis and might be altered with autologous blood products to enhance initiation of the angiogenic response.Methods:We used a human placental vein in a fibrin‐thrombin clot‐based angiogenesis model. Four groups, human placental vein (HPVM), HPVM with AlloDerm, HPVM with AlloDerm plus platelet‐poor plasma, and HPVM with AlloDerm plus platelet‐rich plasma were evaluated. Endothelial cell growth was evaluated visually (40×). Hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunofluorescent staining for growth within the AlloDerm matrix were also performed. To assess human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) sites of attachment to AlloDerm, we incubated HUVEC cells with AlloDerm for a period of 2 weeks and evaluated attachment with anti‐factor VIII immunofluorescence.Results:Angiogenic initiation decreased in the combined placental vein with AlloDerm group (P < .0001 at day 7, 14, 21). Additionally, initiation in the AlloDerm plus platelet‐poor plasma group was significantly better than the AlloDerm alone group when placentas 2 and 3 were compared (P < .0001). On hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunofluorescent factor VIII staining, no endothelial growth into the AlloDerm was noted in the samples analyzed.Conclusions:AlloDerm may be enriched with platelet‐poor plasma to stimulate greater initiation and wound healing; however, AlloDerm inhibits angiogenic initiation in this model. Laryngoscope, 2010
Tissue regeneration of the vocal fold using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and synthetic extracellular matrix injections in rats
Authors: Quinchia Johnson Beatriz , Fox Ryan , Chen Xia , Thibeault Susan 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis.To determine the effectiveness of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BM‐MSC) transplantation in isolation or within a synthetic extracellular matrix (sECM) for tissue regeneration of the scarred vocal fold lamina propria.Methods.In vitro stability and compatibility of mouse BM‐MSC embedded in sECM was assessed by flow cytometry detection of BM‐MSC marker expression and proliferation. Eighteen rats were subjected to vocal fold injury bilaterally, followed by 1 month post‐treatment with unilateral injections of saline or sECM hydrogel (Extracel; Glycosan BioSystems, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT), green fluorescence protein (GFP)‐mouse BM‐MSC, or BM‐MSC suspended in sECM. Outcomes measured 1 month after treatment included procollagen‐III, fibronectin, hyaluronan synthase‐III (HAS3), hyaluronidase (HYAL3), smooth muscle actin (SMA), and transforming growth factor‐beta 1(TGF‐β1) mRNA expression. The persistence of GFP BM‐MSC, proliferation, apoptosis, and myofibroblast differentiation was assessed by immunofluorescence.Results.BM‐MSC grown in vitro within sECM express Sca‐1, are positive for hyaluronan receptor CD44, and continue to proliferate. In the in vivo study, groups injected with BM‐MSC had detectable GFP‐labeled BM‐MSC remaining and showed proliferation and low apoptotic or myofibroblast markers compared to the contralateral side. Embedded BM‐MSC in the sECM group exhibited increased levels of procollagen III, fibronectin, and TGF‐β1. BM‐MSC within sECM downregulated the expression of SMA compared to BM‐MSC alone and exhibited upregulation of HYAL3 and no change in HAS3 compared to saline.Conclusions.Treatment of vocal fold scarring with BM‐MSC injected in a sECM displayed the most favorable outcomes in ECM production, hyaluronan metabolism, myofibroblast differentiation, and production of TGF‐β1. Furthermore, the combined treatment had no detectable cytotoxicity and preserved local cell proliferation. Laryngoscope, 2010
Analysis of hearing preservation after endolymphatic mastoid sac surgery for Meniere's disease
Authors: Sun Gordon H. , Leung Randal , Samy Ravi N. , McAfee Jacob S. , Hearst Matthew J. , Savage Christopher R. , Choo Daniel I. , Pensak Myles L. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Comparison of audiometric outcomes between patients with definite Meniere's disease who underwent endolymphatic mastoid sac surgery (EMSS) following failed medical therapy and patients who underwent medical therapy only.Study Design:Retrospective chart review of 456 consecutive patients between 1997 and 2006.Methods:Outcome measures were changes in pure‐tone average (PTA), word recognition score (WRS), and speech reception threshold (SRT).Results:Of 58 qualified patients, 29 who underwent EMSS after failing medical therapy showed a 4 dB decrease in PTA, a 2% increase in WRS, and a 2 dB decrease in SRT. Twenty‐nine patients treated with medical therapy only demonstrated a 1 dB PTA increase, 2% WRS improvement, and 2 dB SRT improvement. No significant difference was noted between the medically and surgically managed patients in terms of changes in PTA (P = .34) or WRS (P = .95) after treatment. Of all patients in the study, 60% had no clinically significant change in hearing, whereas 24% improved and 16% worsened. The distribution of post‐treatment hearing changes between the medical and surgical groups was statistically insignificant (P = .17).Conclusions:The changes in PTA and WRS among patients with Meniere's disease managed with medical therapy or EMSS were not statistically significant. Although performing EMSS to treat the vertigo of Meniere's disease does not appear to be associated with an increased risk of deteriorating auditory function after treatment, surgery also does not confer an increased likelihood of stabilizing or improving hearing. Laryngoscope, 2010