bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA damage in lymphocytes after irradiation with 211At and 188Re
Authors: Wendisch M. , Wunderlich G. , Freudenberg R. , Kotzerke J. , Runge R. 
Published: October 2009

Summary
Aim: Ionising radiation produces many types of DNA lesions of different complexity. High linear energy transfer (LET) types of radiation are biological more effective than low LET radiation. In the present work we applied the single cell gel electrophoreses (comet assay) to study the induction of initial DNA damage, efficiency of repair and residual DNA damage in lymphocytes after treatment with 211At and 188Re. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from heparinized blood of healthy donors and irradiated with 211At and 188Re at different doses. The comet assay was performed under alkaline and neutral conditions in order to detect the initial DNA damage and its repair. The measure of damage was % tail DNA (percentage of DNA in the tail). Results: After treatment of cells with 188Re the initial DNA damage (% tail DNA) detected with the alkaline comet assay was higher than the damage measured for 211At. The neutral comet assay estimated higher tail intensities for 211At in contrast to 188Re. Compared with the complete repair (10%) after irradiation with 188Re, the radiotoxicity of alpha particles indicated reduced rejoining of DNA strand breaks (60–80% residual damage). Rejoining of DNA damage measured by the neutral comet method detected about 70% unrepaired strand breaks for 211At and 188Re. Conclusions: There are major differences between the repair of strand breaks caused by 188Re and 211At detected by the alkaline comet assay. The DNA-damage induced by the high LET Emitter 211At remains nearly unrepaired detected by both alkaline and neutral comet assay. Represented data following irradiation of lymphocytes with alpha and beta particles demonstrated higher biological effectiveness of 211At by factors of 2.0–2.5.
Comparison of Postoperative Wavefront Aberrations After NIDEK CXIII Optimized Aspheric Transition Zone Treatment and OPD-guided Custom Aspheric Treatment
Authors: Hantera Mohamed 
Published: October 2009

Purpose:
To compare higher order aberrations of aspheric or wavefront-guided myopic LASIK.

Methods:

This was a prospective, randomized study of a myopic LASIK cohort that was subdivided into two groups; 12 eyes were treated with the optimized aspheric transition zone algorithm (OATz group) and 11 eyes were treated with wavefront-guided optimized path difference custom aspheric treatment (OPDCAT group). Corneal asphericity and higher order aberrations root-mean-square were compared between groups before, 1 month, and 3 months after LASIK. Student
t
test was used to assess differences between groups.
P
<.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

At 3 months postoperatively, all eyes in both groups had spherical equivalent refraction of ±0.50 diopters (D). Mean higher order aberration increased by 0.18 µm postoperatively in the OATz group (
P
<.05) and decreased by 0.04 µm in the OPDCAT group (
P
=.819). A statistically significant increase in spherical aberration was noted in the OATz group only (
P
<.05). Asphericity showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups postoperatively (
P
<.05). There was a greated tendency for increased higher order aberrations in eyes with <0.30 µm of higher order aberrations preoperatively in the OPDCAT group. The reverse tendency was observed in the OATz group.

Conclusions:

OPDCAT induced minimal changes in spherical aberration due to lower changes in corneal asphericity compared to the OATz group. Eyes with <0.30 µm of higher order aberrations preoperatively are likely better candidates for the OATz algorithm than OPDCAT. [
J Refract Surg
. 2009;25:S922–S926.]
LASIK With the Optimized Aspheric Transition Zone and Cross-cylinder Technique for the Treatment of Astigmatism From 1.00 to 4.25 Diopters
Authors: Gamaly Tamer 
Published: October 2009

Purpose:
The predictability and safety of LASIK with the optimized aspheric transition zone (OATz) and cross-cylinder technique were evaluated for the surgical correction of myopia with 1.00 to 4.25 diopters (D) of astigmatism.

Methods:
In this prospective study, 74 eyes of 48 consecutive LASIK patients with astigmatism ranging from 1.00 to 4.25 D were evaluated. All eyes underwent laser ablation with profile 7 of the OATz algorithm with the NIDEK CXIII excimer laser platform. Refractive outcomes, visual acuity, and patient satisfaction were assessed based on 6-month postoperative data.

Results:
Preoperative manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE) was −2.10±1.19 D (range: −0.50 to −5.75 D) and mean cylinder was −1.94±0.89 D (range: −1.00 to −4.25 D). At 6 months postoperatively, the mean MRSE for all eyes was 0.01−0.37 D (range: −0.75 to −1.00 D). Postoperatively, 78.3% (58/74) of eyes achieved uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) of 20/20 or better, and 97.3% (72/74) of eyes achieved UCVA of 20/40 or better. Regarding predictability, 94.6% (70/74) of eyes were within −0.50 D of intended MRSE and 98.6% (73/74) of eyes were within −1.00 D of intended MRSE. Four (5.3%) eyes lost two lines of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity at 6 months. Stability was reached between 1 and 3 months and verified at 6 months postoperatively.

Conclusions:

LASIK with OATz and the cross-cylinder technique is safe and predictable for the treatment of patients with astigmatism up to 4.25 D. [
J Refract Surg
. 2009;25:S927–S930.]
Visual and Optical Performance Before and After Rotation of a Misaligned STAAR Toric Implantable Collamer Lens
Authors: Hamdi Islam Mahmoud 
Published: October 2009

Purpose:
To document the use of the NIDEK OPDScan II/Station as a monitoring tool and clinical aid in the evaluation and re-rotation of a misaligned STAAR Toric Implantable Collamer Lens (TICL).

Methods:
A 22-year-old man underwent bilateral TICL implantation. Emmetropia was achieved in the left eye after TICL implantation; however, the right eye showed residual compound myopic astigmatism. Both eyes were evaluated using the OPD-Scan II/Station, and re-rotation of the TICL in the right eye was planned using the internal wavefront and corneal topography maps. The remaining residual error after re-rotation was treated using photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).

Results:
The left eye showed excellent axis alignment and optical quality. The right eye showed a difference of 8° to 10° in axis of orientation and an under-calculation of the lens power, which resulted in poor optical quality. After rotation of the lens and PRK, emmetropia was achieved and the patient reported resolution of symptoms. Higher order aberrations were reduced by 0.535 µm and the modulation transfer function increased 42% compared to initial TICL implantation.

Conclusions:

Internal and corneal surface aberrometry allowed proper evaluation and precise realignment of a TICL. The objective assessment of the internal astigmatism, optical quality, and visual performance aids in planning complicated surgical cases that require combination surgery to restore visual quality. [
J Refract Surg
. 2009;25:S934–S938.]
Keratoconus Detection Using Corneal Topography
Authors: Holladay Jack T. 
Published: October 2009

Purpose:
To review the topographic patterns associated with keratoconus suspects and provide criteria for keratoconus screening.

Methods:
Case study using maps from the NIDEK OPD-Scan II and OPD Station to highlight patterns seen in keratoconic corneas.

Results:
Five criteria are listed for the detection of keratoconus: 1) apex of the cone is not centered at the 6-o'clock semi-meridian, 2) cone should appear round on the tangential map, 3) keratometry >45.00 diopters, 4) corneal thickness at the apex of the cone is approximately 30 µm thinner than the corresponding distance above the pupil center, and 5) topographic patterns are not symmetric.

Conclusions:

Standard corneal topography maps and simple clinical evaluation criteria are fundamental to detect keratoconus suspects and keratoconus. [
J Refract Surg
. 2009;25:S958–S962.]
Mitochondrial Uncoupling Protein 2 Inhibits Mast Cell Activation and Reduces Histamine Content
Authors: Tagen Michael , Elorza Alvaro , Kempuraj Duraisamy , Boucher William , Kepley Christopher L. , Shirihai Orian S. , Theoharides Theoharis C. 
Published: October 2009

Abstract
Mast cells are immune effector cells that are involved in allergies and inflammation through the release of mediators such as histamine, PGs, and cytokines. Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is a mitochondrial protein that inhibits insulin secretion from β cells, possibly through down-regulation of reactive oxygen species production. We hypothesized that UCP2 could also regulate mast cell activation. In this study, we show that mouse bone marrow mast cells (BMMCs) and human leukemic LAD2 mast cells express UCP2. BMMCs from Ucp2−/− mice exhibited greater histamine release, whereas overexpression of UCP2 in LAD2 cells reduced histamine release after both allergic and nonallergic triggers. Ucp2−/− BMMCs also had elevated histamine content and histidine decarboxylase expression. Histamine content was reduced by overexpression of UCP2 or treatment with the mitochondrial-targeted superoxide dismutase-mimetic (TBAP) tetrakis(4-benzoic acid) porphyrin manganese(III). Furthermore, Ucp2−/− BMMCs also had greater production of both IL-6 and PGD2 as well as ERK phosphorylation, which is known to regulate PG synthesis. Intradermal administration of substance P, an activator of skin mast cells, and challenge with DNP-human serum albumin after passive sensitization induced significantly greater vascular permeability in the skin of Ucp2−/− mice in vivo. Our results suggest that UCP2 can regulate mast cell activation.
Targeting a Mimotope Vaccine to Activating Fcγ Receptors Empowers Dendritic Cells to Prime Specific CD8+ T Cell Responses in Tumor-Bearing Mice
Authors: Gil Margaret , Bieniasz Magdalena , Wierzbicki Andrzej , Bambach Barbara J. , Rokita Hanna , Kozbor Danuta 
Published: October 2009

Abstract
A major challenge for inducing antitumor immune responses with native or modified tumor/self-Ags in tumor-bearing hosts relates to achieving efficient uptake and processing by dendritic cells (DCs) to activate immune effector cells and limit the generation of regulatory T cell activity. We analyzed the ability of therapeutic DC vaccines expressing a CD166 cross-reactive mimotope of the GD2 ganglioside, 47-LDA, to selectively expand adoptively transferred, tumor-specific T cells in NXS2 neuroblastoma tumor-bearing syngeneic mice. Before the adoptive cell transfer and DC vaccination, the tumor-bearing mice were lymphodepleted by nonmyeloablative total body irradiation or a myeloablative regimen that required bone marrow transplantation. The 47-LDA mimotope was presented to DCs either as a linear polypeptide in conjunction with universal Th epitopes or as a fusion protein with the murine IgG2a Fc fragment (47-LDA-Fcγ2a) to deliver the antigenic cassette to the activating Fcγ receptors. We demonstrate that immunization of adoptively transferred T cells in tumor-bearing mice with the 47-LDA mimotope expressed in the context of the activating Fc fusion protein induced higher levels of antitumor immune responses and protection than the 47-LDA polypeptide-DC vaccine. The antitumor efficacy of the therapeutic 47-LDA-Fcγ2a-DC vaccine was comparable to that achieved by a virotherapy-associated cancer vaccine using a recombinant oncolytic vaccinia virus expressing the 47-LDA-Fcγ2a fusion protein. The latter treatment, however, did not require total body irradiation or adoptive cell transfer and resulted in induction of antitumor immune responses in the setting of established tolerance, paving the way for testing novel anticancer treatment strategies.
Nonhemopoietic Cell TLR4 Signaling Is Critical in Causing Early Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Ileus
Authors: Buchholz Bettina M. , Chanthaphavong R. Savanh , Bauer Anthony J. M. 
Published: October 2009

Abstract
Endotoxin-mediated ileus is poorly understood. Our objective was to mechanistically investigate the role of cell-specific TLR4 expression/signaling in causing gastrointestinal dysmotility. TLR4 chimeras and CSF-1-dependent macrophage-deficient mice were subjected to i.p. ultrapure (UP)-LPS (5 mg/kg). At 6 h, gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit assessed in vivo motility, and jejunal circular muscle contractility was measured in vitro. Muscularis infiltration of neutrophils and monocytes were counted, and intestinal muscularis inflammatory mediators were quantified by quantitative PCR. Demonstrating TLR4 dependency, UP-LPS-induced gastric stasis and ileus of TLR4WT mice were absent in mutant TLR4LPS-d mice. Unexpectedly, engraftment of TLR4-mutant bone marrow into TLR4-competent mice (bmTLR4LPS-d/TLR4WT) exhibited a significant transit delay to UP-LPS similar to bmTLR4WT/TLR4WT mice. CSF-1−/− mice were not protected from ileus. Contrary, UP-LPS-treated bmTLR4WT/TLR4LPS-d and bmTLR4LPS-d/TLR4LPS-d mice had normal transit. No leukocytic infiltration was detected at 6 h. Spontaneous jejunal contractions were markedly suppressed in UP-LPS-treated TLR4-competent mice, but bethanechol-stimulated contractions were not altered by UP-LPS in any group. UP-LPS-induced inflammatory mRNAs in a TLR4-dependent manner, but TLR4 mRNA itself was not significantly altered. In chimera mice, UP-LPS induction of IL-1β and IL-10 were hemopoietic dependent, and GM-CSF was nonhemopoietic dependent, whereas IL-6 and inducible NO synthase were derived from both cell types. Hemopoietic and nonhemopoietic cells contribute to TLR4-sensitive muscularis inflammatory signaling, but nonhemopoietic TLR4 signaling plays an exclusive primary role in causing functional UP-LPS-induced gastric stasis and ileus. Direct LPS suppression of spontaneous contractility participates in mediating early TLR4-transduced dysmotility.
Cysteinyl-Leukotriene Receptor Type 1 Expression and Function Is Down-Regulated during Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cell Maturation with Zymosan: Involvement of IL-10 and Prostaglandins
Authors: Thivierge Maryse , Stankova Jana , Rola-Pleszczynski Marek 
Published: October 2009

Abstract
TLRs sense microbial products and initiate adaptive immune responses by activating dendritic cells (DCs). DCs have been shown to produce leukotrienes and, conversely, leukotrienes are known to modulate several DC functions. In this study, we examined the modulation of expression and function of cysteinyl-leukotriene receptor type 1 (CysLT1) on human monocyte-derived DCs during their differentiation and subsequent maturation with zymosan, a TLR2 agonist. Maturation of DCs with zymosan reduced CysLT1 mRNA levels and protein expression in a time-dependent fashion and was associated with a diminution of functional responsiveness to leukotriene D4 as assessed by intracellular calcium mobilization, CCL2 and CCL3 production, and chemotaxis. The effect of zymosan was mediated by both TLR2 and dectin-1 activation. Zymosan also induced a rapid expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and the production of PGE2 and IL-10. Addition of an anti-IL-10 neutralizing Ab or inhibitors of cyclooxygenase greatly reduced the ability of zymosan to down-regulate CysLT1 expression. Down-regulation of CysLT1 expression by zymosan could be reproduced by a combination of IL-10 and PGE2, and was dependent on MAPK activation. Taken together, our findings indicate that zymosan down-regulates CysLT1 expression in DCs with consequently reduced functional responsiveness of the cells to leukotriene D4 stimulation. This effect is partially dependent on an endogenous production of PGs and IL-10 by DCs.
A Remark on Extensions of CR Functions from Hyperplanes
Authors: Baracco Luca 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn the characterization of the range of the Radon transform, one encounters the problem of the holomorphic extension of functions defined on ℝ2 \ Δℝ (where Δℝ is the diagonal in ℝ2) and which extend as “separately holomorphic” functions of their two arguments. In particular, these functions extend in fact to ℂ2 \ Δℂ where Δℂ is the complexification of Δℝ. We take this theorem from the integral geometry and put it in the more natural context of the CR geometry where it accepts an easier proof and amore general statement. In this new setting it becomes a variant of the celebrated “edge of the wedge” theorem of Ajrapetyan and Henkin.
The Minimal Number of Three-Term Arithmetic Progressions Modulo a Prime Converges to a Limit
Authors: Croot Ernie 
Published: October 2009

AbstractHow few three-term arithmetic progressions can a subset S ⊆ ℤN := ℤ/Nℤ have if |S| ≥ υN (that is, S has density at least υ)? Varnavides showed that this number of arithmetic progressions is at least c(υ)N2 for sufficiently large integers N. It is well known that determining good lower bounds for c(υ) > 0 is at the same level of depth as Erdös's famous conjecture about whether a subset T of the naturals where Σn∈T 1/n diverges, has a k-term arithmetic progression for k = 3 (that is, a three-term arithmetic progression).We answer a question posed by B. Green about how this minimial number of progressions oscillates for a fixed density υ as N runs through the primes, and as N runs through the odd positive integers.
Følner Nets for Semidirect Products of Amenable Groups
Authors: Janzen David 
Published: October 2009

AbstractFor unimodular semidirect products of locally compact amenable groups N and H, we show that one can always construct a Følner net of the form (Aα × Bβ) for G, where (Aα) is a strong form of Følner net for N and (Bβ) is any Følner net for H. Applications to the Heisenberg and Euclidean motion groups are provided.
Detachment Lithography of Photosensitive Polymers: A Route to Fabricating Three‐Dimensional Structures
Authors: Yeom Junghoon , Shannon Mark A. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA technique to create arrays of micrometer‐sized patterns of photosensitive polymers on the surface of elastomeric stamps and to transfer these patterns to planar and nonplanar substrates is presented. The photosensitive polymers are initially patterned through detachment lithography (DL), which utilizes the difference in adhesion forces to induce the mechanical failure in the film along the edges of the protruded parts of the mold. A polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamp with a kinetically and thermally adjustable adhesion and conformal contact can transfer the detached patterns to etched or curved substrates, as well as planar ones. These printed patterns remain photochemically active for further modification via photolithography, and/or can serve as resists for subsequent etching or deposition, such that photolithography can be used on highly nonconformal and nonplanar surfaces. Various 3D structures fabricated using the process have potential applications in MEMS (micro‐electromechanical systems) sensors/actuators, optical devices, and microfluidics.
Molecules on Si: Electronics with Chemistry
Authors: Vilan Ayelet , Yaffe Omer , Biller Ariel , Salomon Adi , Kahn Antoine , Cahen David 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBasic scientific interest in using a semiconducting electrode in molecule‐based electronics arises from the rich electrostatic landscape presented by semiconductor interfaces. Technological interest rests on the promise that combining existing semiconductor (primarily Si) electronics with (mostly organic) molecules will result in a whole that is larger than the sum of its parts. Such a hybrid approach appears presently particularly relevant for sensors and photovoltaics. Semiconductors, especially Si, present an important experimental test‐bed for assessing electronic transport behavior of molecules, because they allow varying the critical interface energetics without, to a first approximation, altering the interfacial chemistry. To investigate semiconductor‐molecule electronics we need reproducible, high‐yield preparations of samples that allow reliable and reproducible data collection. Only in that way can we explore how the molecule/electrode interfaces affect or even dictate charge transport, which may then provide a basis for models with predictive power.To consider these issues and questions we will, in this Progress Report,

review junctions based on direct bonding of molecules to oxide‐free Si.
describe the possible charge transport mechanisms across such interfaces and evaluate in how far they can be quantified.
investigate to what extent imperfections in the monolayer are important for transport across the monolayer.
revisit the concept of energy levels in such hybrid systems.
Ultra‐deep desulfurization adsorbents for hydrotreated diesel with magnetic mesoporous aluminosilicates
Authors: Li Wangliang , Tang Huang , Zhang Ting , Li Qiang , Xing Jianmin , Liu Huizhou 
Published: October 2009

AbstractMagnetic mesoporous aluminosilicates (MMAS) were synthesized by hydrothermal method and applied as ultra‐deep desulfurization adsorbents for hydrotreated diesel. The size of oleic‐coated magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles prepared by coprecipitation method was about 20 nm. MMAS shows better desulfurization properties for removal of sulfur compounds than NaY and MCM‐41. The amount of Fe3O4 nanoparticles has significant effects on specific surface area/pore volume and acidic properties, thus, can affect the desulfurization properties of MMAS. Desulfurization properties of MMAS can be improved with the increase of temperature from 30–70°C and decrease the oil to adsorbent ratio. With the increase of Fe3O4 content, adsorption capacity first increased and then decreased. The sulfur adsorption of MMAS was due to the synergetic effect of strong molecular affinity of the magnetite to the sulfur compound and large surface area/pore volume of the mesoporous aluminosilicates. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010
Transfusion‐dependency at presentation and its acquisition in the first year of diagnosis are both equally detrimental for survival in primary myelofibrosis—prognostic relevance is independent of IPSS or karyotype
Authors: Tefferi Ayalew , Siragusa Sergio , Hussein Kebede , Schwager Susan M. , Hanson Curtis A. , Pardanani Animesh , Cervantes Francisco , Passamonti Francesco 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) and karyotype are useful tools for risk stratification in primary myelofibrosis (PMF). We examined the additional prognostic impact of red blood cell transfusion need among 254 consecutive patients (median age, 59 years). Sixty‐two patients (∼24%) required transfusions at diagnosis whereas 22 (∼9%) became transfusion‐dependent and 170 remained transfusion‐independent during the first year postdiagnosis; after a median follow‐up of 55 months, the respective median survivals were 35, 25, and 117 months (P < 0.01). Multivariable analysis confirmed the IPSS‐ and karyotype‐independent prognostic weight of transfusion status. Among IPSS intermediate‐1 risk patients, overall median survival of 82 months was modified to 60 or 118 months, based on presence or absence of transfusion need, respectively (P < 0.01). The corresponding figures for intermediate‐2/high risk patients were 30 and 64 months (P < 0.01). Documented causes of death did not include iron overload. We conclude that transfusion status in PMF downgrades or upgrades prognosis within specific IPSS categories; transfusion need is a marker of aggressive disease biology in PMF, as it is in myelodysplastic syndromes. Am. J. Hematol., 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.