bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of temperature and resource level on interspecific interactions in two species of Odonata larvae
Authors: Stahl Lisa , Johansson Frank 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIdentifying how temperature and food resources affect interactions between species is important for understanding how climate change will shape community structure in the future. Here, we tested how temperature and resource density affect survival and growth in the larval stage of two coexisting odonates: the damselfly Lestes sponsa and the dragonfly Sympetrum vulgatum. We performed a laboratory experiment at two temperatures (21 and 24°C) with two resource densities. We estimated the timing of egg hatching of individual egg clutches and thereafter the larval growth rate‐, survival‐ and size‐mediated priority effects under interspecific conditions. Eggs of both species hatched slightly faster at 24°C, and S. vulgatum eggs started hatching approximately 1 day earlier than L. sponsa eggs. However, this earlier hatching did not result in a size‐mediated priority effect, that is, a higher predation on the later hatching L. sponsa. Nevertheless, L. sponsa larvae were significantly larger than S. vulgatum at hatching. Growth rate and survival were significantly higher: (1) at 24°C compared with 21°C, (2) at high compared with low‐resource density and (3) in L. sponsa compared with S. vulgatum. Several significant interaction effects between resource density and temperature and between temperature and species were found. At high temperature, L. sponsa had a higher growth rate than S. vulgatum, but no difference in growth rate between species was found at low temperature. Additionally, a high‐resource density resulted in a higher growth rate in both species, but only under high temperature. There was a negative relationship between growth rate and survival in both species, suggesting that the higher growth rate of larvae was to some degree driven by intraguild predation and/or cannibalism. Our results imply that resource levels interact with temperature to affect interactions between the species.
Evaluating the prognostic value of systemic immune‐inflammatory index in patients with acute decompensated heart failure
Authors: Qiu Jiajun , Huang Xin , Kuang Maobin , Wang Chao , Yu Changhui , He Shiming , Xie Guobo , Wu Zhiyong , Sheng Guotai , Zou Yang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimsThe value of the systemic immune‐inflammatory index (SII) in assessing adverse outcomes in various cardiovascular diseases has been extensively discussed. This study aims to evaluate the predictive value and risk stratification ability of SII for 30 day mortality in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF).MethodsThis analysis included 1452 patients hospitalized for ADHF, all the participants being part of the China Jiangxi‐acute decompensated heart failure1 project. The risk stratification capability of the SII in patients with ADHF, as well as its correlation with the 30 day mortality risk among ADHF patients, was evaluated utilizing Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and multivariable Cox regression models. A restricted cubic spline was employed to model the dose–response relationship between the two, and the receiver operating characteristic curve was utilized to assess the predictive ability of SII for 30 day mortality.ResultsThe Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that the risk of mortality in the high SII group (SII ≥ 980 × 109/L) was significantly greater than that in the low SII group (SII < 980 × 109/L, log‐rank P < 0.001). After adjusting for various confounding factors, a higher SII was associated with an increased risk of 30 day mortality in ADHF patients [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.03, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.34–3.08]. Further restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a non‐linear dose–response relationship between the two (P for non‐linear = 0.006). Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that SII had a high accuracy in predicting 30 day mortality events in ADHF patients (AUC = 0.7479), and the optimal predictive threshold was calculated to be 980 × 109/L, a sensitivity of 0.7547 and a specificity of 0.7234.ConclusionsThis study found a significant positive association between SII and 30 day all‐cause mortality in ADHF patients. We determined the SII cut‐off point for predicting 30 day all‐cause mortality in patients with ADHF to be 980 × 109/L.
Ultra‐broadband sound absorption characteristics in underwater ultra‐thin metamaterial with three layer bubbles
Authors: Gao Nansha , Huang Qiaogao , Pan Guang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe interest of this article is to obtain the underwater broadband sound absorption characteristics by filling three layers of bubbles in Polydimethylsiloxane polymer (PDMS). In this underwater ultra‐thin metamaterial, three‐layer bubbles are arranged from small to large with the same radius center. The finite element analysis (FEA) method and transfer matrix (TM) method have good consistency in calculating the sound absorption coefficient of this metamaterial. The results reveals that sub‐wavelength metamaterial properties can be achieved below 6.4 MHz. Bubble coupling critical viscosity, waning coupling between layers, waveform transformation, and increasing scattering (reflection) waves all affect broadband sound absorption characteristics. The position and size of three bubbles are discussed, and design summary could be potentially in underwater ultrasound filter devices and medical ultrasound field.
One pot multicomponent reaction of curcumin: Green synthesis of novel 1,4‐dihydropyridine‐2,3‐dicarboxylates
Authors: Motamed Nasim Khoshlahjeh , Larijani Kambiz , Pournamdari Elham , Saeidian Hamid , Hargalani Fariba Zamani 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this research, investigation of one‐pot multicomponent reactions of (1E,6E)‐1,7‐bis(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxyphenyl)hepta‐1,6‐diene‐3,5‐dione (curcumin), primary amines, and activated acetylenic compounds in an aqueous medium at room temperature in the presence of catalytic amounts of silica‐coated magnetic nanoparticles functionalized by iminodiacetic acid‐copper (Fe3O4@SiO2/IDA‐Cu) was studied which was produced 1,4‐dihydropyridine‐2,3‐dicarboxylate in high yields. The advantages of this procedure were easy separation of products and catalyst, high yields of products, reusability of synthesized catalyst, and good rate of reactions.
Playfulness and Kindergarten Children's Academic Skills: Executive Functions and Creative Thinking Processes as Mediators?
Authors: Fung Wing Kai , Chung Kevin Kien Hoa 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThis study examined the direct and indirect relationships between playfulness (social and cognitive spontaneity), executive functions, convergent thinking, divergent thinking, and academic skills in Hong Kong Chinese kindergarten children. Participants were 181 second‐year (4 to 5 years) kindergarten children (45.9% boys) and their parents. Parents reported demographic information and children's playfulness and executive functions through a questionnaire. Children were administered behavioral assessments of convergent thinking, divergent thinking, Chinese word reading, and number word comparison at their kindergarten. Results from a path analytic model revealed the mediating roles of convergent and divergent thinking in the relationship between playfulness and number word comparison. In contrast, convergent thinking mediated the link between playfulness and Chinese word reading. Executive functions were positively related to playfulness but unrelated to children's academic skills. The findings suggest that playful children might develop better creative thinking processes, supporting their academic skills. Practically, the findings underscore the importance of play‐based learning in developing children's creativity and academic skills in the early years.
Corrosion and degradation behavior of bent aluminum and copper pipes for practical use in air conditioning
Authors: Uchiyama Seiji , Uemura Satoshi , Hayashi Takeharu , Kimura Yuji , Seki Shiro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAlthough copper (Cu) pipes are widely used in refrigerant piping owing to their high thermal conductivity and weathering resistance, there are concerns regarding the increasing price and limited supply of Cu. Consequently, our focus has shifted to aluminum (Al), which is relatively abundant and inexpensive, to investigate its application in refrigerant piping. We previously examined corrosion factors on both the internal and external surfaces of straight piping and conducted accelerated degradation tests, showing that Al has a durability comparable to that of Cu. However, bending sections are always used in addition to straight pipes, and bending induces tensile stress on the outer side of the bending curvature and compressive stress on the inner side. Notably, stress corrosion cracking may occur under tensile stress in corrosive environments. Herein, we investigate the mechanical, electrochemical, and weather resistance properties of bent Al and Cu pipes to evaluate the practicality of Al refrigerant piping.
G protein‐coupled estrogen receptor agonist G‐1 decreases ADAM10 levels and NLRP3‐inflammasome component activation in response to Staphylococcus aureus alpha‐hemolysin
Authors: Zheng Huayu , Triplett Kathleen D. , Prossnitz Eric R. , Hall Pamela R. , Daly Seth M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe G protein‐coupled estrogen receptor, also known as GPER1 or originally GPR30, is found in various tissues, indicating its diverse functions. It is typically present in immune cells, suggesting its role in regulating immune responses to infectious diseases. Our previous studies have shown that G‐1, a selective GPER agonist, can limit the pathogenesis mediated by Staphylococcus aureus alpha‐hemolysin (Hla). It aids in clearing bacteria in a mouse skin infection model and restricts the surface display of the Hla receptor, ADAM10 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease 10) in HaCaT keratinocytes. In this report, we delve into the modulation of GPER in human immune cells in relation to the NLRP3 inflammasome. We used macrophage‐like differentiated THP‐1 cells for our study. We found that treating these cells with G‐1 reduces ATP release, decreases the activity of the caspase‐1 enzyme, and lessens cell death following Hla intoxication. This is likely due to the reduced levels of ADAM10 and NLRP3 proteins, as well as the decreased display of the ADAM10 receptor in the G‐1‐treated THP‐1 cells. Our studies, along with our previous work, suggest the potential therapeutic use of G‐1 in reducing Hla susceptibility in humans. This highlights the importance of GPER in immune regulation and its potential as a therapeutic target.
Cost and impact of off-flavor on U.S. catfish farms
Authors: Cheatham Morgan , Kumar Ganesh , Tucker Craig , Roy Luke A. , Dahl Sunni , Peterman Mark , Avery Jimmy , Johnson Jeff 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective
The objective of this study was to quantify the economic costs and impacts of off-flavor on U.S. catfish farms.

Methods
A survey was conducted to quantify the costs and economic methods using enterprise budget techniques to enumerate the costs of off-flavor on catfish farms.

Result
Diuron was the most popular-choice algicide for off-flavor management. Direct annual costs associated with off-flavor management on catfish farms amounted to US$40 million/year. Total industry economic losses due to off-flavor was estimated at $73.9 million in 2022.

Conclusion
The study confirms the continued significance of off-flavor in U.S. catfish farming and quantifies the associated economic effects.
Population modeling analyses of crizotinib in pediatric patients with ALK‐positive advanced cancers
Authors: Jerry Li , Swan Lin , Dana Nickens , Balis Frank M. , Greengard Emily , Huiping Xu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlterations in the ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase) gene play a critical role in pathogenesis of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). Crizotinib is a small molecule competitive inhibitor of ALK, ROS1, and MET kinases and was approved for pediatric patients with ALK‐positive relapsed or refractory, systemic ALCL, and ALK‐positive unresectable, recurrent, or refractory inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMT).ProcedureCrizotinib data from pediatric patients with relapsed or refractory solid tumors, IMT, or ALCL were included in the analyses. All patients received crizotinib orally at doses ranging from 100 to 365 mg/m2 twice daily (BID). PopPK analyses were conducted to characterize crizotinib disposition in pediatric patients. Exposure–response (ER) safety and antitumor analyses were conducted to characterize relationships between crizotinib dose or exposure with safety and antitumor activity endpoints of interest.ResultsThe population pharmacokinetic (popPK), ER safety, and ER antitumor analysis included 98, 110, and 36 pediatric patients, respectively. A one‐compartment pharmacokinetic model with allometric scaling, first‐order elimination, and first‐order absorption with lag time adequately described the data. Natural log‐transformed model‐predicted crizotinib AUCss (steady‐state area under the concentration–time curve) demonstrated a significant, positive relationship with Grade ≥3 NEUTROPENIA and Any Grade VISION DISORDER. Crizotinib dose demonstrated a positive relationship with objective response rate.ConclusionsNo significant differences in PK were identified across a wide range of ages or across tumor types, suggesting body surface area (BSA)‐based dosing adequately adjusted for differences in patient size to achieve similar systemic crizotinib exposures across young children and adolescent pediatric patients. None of the myelosuppressive events except Grade ≥3 NEUTROPENIA had significant relationships identified with crizotinib dose or exposure, suggesting crizotinib is a tolerable treatment with less hematological toxicity than traditional chemotherapy regimens for pediatric patients with ALK‐mutated cancers. Results from the presented analyses support the pediatric dosing recommendations in the product label.
HPLC/ESI‐QTOF‐MS/MS based untargeted metabolomics authentication of Taxus × media six tissues
Authors: Bai Hangyu , Li Dengwu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionTaxus media (Taxus × media Rehder) is renowned for its high paclitaxel content, serving as a major source for industrial paclitaxel production. In addition to paclitaxel, T. media contains a diverse range of metabolites, including flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids, which have been shown to possess antioxidant, antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. However, these compounds have not been thoroughly studied as key metabolites in T. media.ObjectiveThe untargeted metabolomics analysis of six T. media tissues provides new insights into the development and utilization of T. media metabolites.MethodThe extracts from six tissues of T. media were analyzed and subjected to analysis using high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (HPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS) and chemometric techniques.ResultsUsing a reliable HPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS method, we identified 312 compounds in six T. media tissues, including 214 previously unreported in T. media. To identify characteristic compounds across different tissues, 34 metabolites were further screened. KEGG metabolic pathway analysis revealed that these compounds primarily occur in the metabolic pathways of terpene glycosides, flavans, and O‐methylated flavonoids.ConclusionThis study initially utilized an HPLC‐QTOF‐MS/MS‐based metabolomics approach to assess the metabolites in different tissues of T. media, providing a basis for their utilization and management.
The virtual brain endocast of Incamys bolivianus: insight from the neurosensory system into the adaptive radiation of South American rodents
Authors: Bertrand Ornella C. , Lang Madlen M. , Ferreira José D. , Kerber Leonardo , Kynigopoulou Zoi , Silcox Mary T. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCaviomorph rodents are endemic to South America and are one of the most adaptively diverse radiations of rodents today. Although their origin and diversification have been intensively studied, questions still remain about many of the details of where, when and how the group radiated. One area of continuing debate relates to the evolution of their neurosensory system. Modern caviomorphs exhibit a rich brain shape and size diversity. So far the oldest species for which endocranial data are known is dated to the Early Miocene. Here, we describe the virtual brain endocast of the late Oligocene stem chinchillid Incamys bolivianus from Bolivia and provide new hypotheses regarding the ancestral brain of Chinchillidae and Caviomorpha more broadly. Caviomorph rodents, independent from other rodent clades, acquired an expanded neocortex and their common ancestor was probably lissencephalic or had few sulci. Incamys uniquely combines extended neocortical temporal lobes and exposed caudal colliculi, which have roles in audition and vocalization processing. We interpret this morphology as evidence for enhanced auditory acuity, vocalization processing and potentially group‐living in Incamys, which is known in modern members of the Chinchillidae family. No temporal effect was found on relative brain size in South American mammals; however, our sample is limited to available brain endocasts and as such remains small and unevenly distributed taxonomically and temporally. Incamys provides crucial insight into the evolution of the caviomorph brain and shows that we still have much to explore regarding how these small mammals achieved one the most impressive adaptive radiations of the Cenozoic.
Optimal Reconstruction of Vector Fields from Data for Prediction and Uncertainty Quantification
Authors: McGowan Sean P. , Robertson William S. P. , Blachut Chantelle , Balasuriya Sanjeeva 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPredicting the evolution of dynamics from a given trajectory history of an unknown system is an important and challenging problem. This paper presents a model-free method of forecasting unknown chaotic systems through reconstructing vector fields from noisy measured data via an adaptation of optimal control methods. This technique is also applicable to partially observed systems using a Takens delay embedding approach. The algorithms are validated on the Lorenz system and the four-dimensional hyperchaotic Rössler system, and demonstrate successful predictions well beyond the Lyapunov timescale. It is found that for small datasets or datasets with large levels of noise, the prediction accuracy of partially observed systems approaches that of fully observed systems. The presented approach also allows the model-free assessment of local predictability on the attractor by evolving initial condition density through the reconstructed vector fields via estimation of the transfer operator. The method is compared to predictions made by an imperfect model which highlights the utility of model-free approaches when the only available models have significant model error. The capability of this method for reconstruction of continuous and global vector fields may be applied to model validation, forecasting of initial conditions not in the training set, and model-free filtering.
Mid- to long-term functional outcome and return to sport after elbow dislocation in bouldering: a clinical retrospective cohort study
Authors: Müller M. , Pedersen S. , Mair O. , Twardy V. , Siebenlist S. , Biberthaler P. , Banke I.J. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Traumatic elbow dislocations are among the most common injuries in sport climbing. They occur most frequently in bouldering (a climbing discipline with strong upward trend often performed indoors) due to the typical low-height backward fall into crashpads. There is still no data about the functional outcome and return to sport of this typical bouldering injury.

Materials and methods
All Patients with elbow dislocations due to a bouldering associated fall between 2011 and 2020 were identified retrospectively in our level I trauma centre. Trauma mechanisms, injury types and therapies were obtained. Follow-up was performed with an online questionnaire including sports-related effects, return to sport and the Elbow Self-Assessment Score (ESAS).

Results
30 patients with elbow dislocations after bouldering accidents were identified. In 22 (73.3%) patients the injury was a simple dislocation. The questionnaire was completed by 20 patients. The leading mechanism was a low-height fall into crashpads. Surgical procedures were performed in every second patient. 18 patients (90%) reported return to bouldering after 4.7 ± 2.1 months. 12 patients (66.7%) regained their pre-injury level. Mid-/Long-term follow-up (mean 105 ± 37.5 months) showed excellent results in ESAS score (97.2 ± 3.9 points). Persistent limited range of motion or instability was reported by only 3 patients (15%).

Conclusion
Most athletes are able to return to bouldering but only two thirds regain their pre-injury performance level in this demanding upper-extremity sport. The unique low-height trauma mechanism may create a false sense of security. Specific awareness and safety features should be placed for climbing athletes to reduce elbow injuries.
Survival Analysis and Immune Differences of HIV Long-Term Non-progressors in Xinjiang China: A 12-Year Prospective Cohort Observation
Authors: Li Yuefei , Ni Yongkang , He Qian , Hu Xiaoyuan , Zhang Yu , He Xiaoyan , Ni Mingjian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis 12-year cohort study of 80 long-term non-progressors (LTNPs) observed a cumulative follow-up duration of 628.5 person-years. Among them, 60 received antiretroviral therapy (ART) for a total of 418.6 person-years. Twenty-four deaths occurred during the follow-up period, with an average age of 42.36 years and a lowest 8-year survival rate of 0.90. Cox model analysis revealed that the risk of AIDS-related death was 1.47 times higher for non-marital, non-commercial heterosexual transmission than for injection drug use. Treatment initiation at ages 31–40 was correlated with an elevated risk of mortality, while treatment for 3–10 years reduced mortality risks in untreated LTNPs. Flow cytometry observed significant differences in the proportion of NK cells. Long-term ART (> 2 years) before LTNPs developed AIDS symptoms could lower mortality risk and potentially extend lifespan, especially when it was initiated at a younger age without affecting NK cell balance. Epidemiological and immunological studies on ART-treated LTNPs are vital for advancing HIV treatment and achieving functional cures for AIDS individuals.