bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Double Endobutton and Clavicular Hook Plate in Acromioclavicular Joint Disruption: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Gupta Govind Kumar , Halder Subhajit , Rani Sudha , Chakraborty Ratnajeet , Kumar Amit , Kumar Tushar 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) disruptions are corrected by surgery either with an endobutton or a hook plate. The results in the long term were found to be similar in many randomized controlled trials. This study aims to conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the functional outcome and complications of double endo button versus clavicular hook plate (CHP) for ACJ disruption (Rockwood types III–VI).

Materials and Methods:
Two authors independently searched related articles from electronic databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Web of Science) till January 26, 2022. The data were extracted from the related articles and analyzed by Stata software. For bias calculation of each study, the Newcastle–Ottawa scale and the RevMan 5.4 software were used.

Results:
14 cohort studies, 2 randomized control trial studies, and 1 case–control study including patients were selected in this meta-analysis. The results of our study showed a significantly higher Constant–Murley Score (WMD 5.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.23–9.36), Visual Analog Scale (WMD− 0.63, 95% CI [−0.79, −0.46]) and University of California at Los Angeles shoulder score (UCLA) scale (WMD 3.32, 95% CI [2.87, 3.77]) for double endobutton group. At the same time, some complications like implant failure were more common in the double endobutton group.

Conclusion:
This meta-analysis shows better functional and clinical outcomes of shoulder joint for the treatment of acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) disruption cases (Rockwood types III–VI) with no need for secondary operation, unlike the CHP. Complications like subacromial erosion, ACJ arthrodesis, and infection rate are higher in the CHP group, whereas the chance of implant failure is higher in the double endobutton group.
Nonmotor Symptoms and Impulse Control Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease Patients in India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Varshney Amit , Kumar Pankaj , Ram Vidya Sagar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder with significant nonmotor symptom (NMS) burden, including impulse control disorders. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate NMS and impulse control disorders in PD patients under primary care.

Materials and Methods:
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 32 PD patients and evaluated using standardized assessment tools. Demographics, comorbidities, and symptom burdens were recorded. Evaluation tools included the Hoehn and Yahr Scale, REM Sleep Behavior Disorder assessment, Geriatric Depression Scale, Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale for cognitive impairment, NMS scale, and identification of impulse control disorders.

Results:
In PD, comorbidities were prevalent (84%), and most were at Hoehn and Yahr Stages 2 and 3. REM Sleep Behavior Disorder was present in 28.12%, with 5 receiving clonazepam treatment. Depression affected 28.12%, with 5 receiving pharmacological treatment. Cognitive impairment was notable in 9 patients. NMS burden was high, with varying severity. Impulse control disorders were limited, whereas one case of dopamine dysregulation syndrome was identified.

Discussion:
This primary care-based study in India assessed NMS and impulse control disorders in PD patients, highlighting comorbidities and management opportunities. The study’s strength lies in evaluating an unselected primary care population, whereas limitations include small sample size.

Conclusion:
This study emphasizes the importance of primary care physicians in monitoring and managing NMS in PD patients. Impulse control disorders and cognitive impairment are critical aspects that need attention. The findings support an integrated approach involving health-care professionals across various disciplines to provide holistic care for PD patients.
The Pinhole Surgical Technique - A Distinct Approach for a Marginal Tissue Recession Coverage Using Amniotic Membrane
Authors: Patel Chandni , Solanki Vanraj , Dattani Vidhi , Gajjar Shreya , Girdhar Gaurav , Joshi Surabhi , Kumar Santosh 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Root coverage procedures are often carried out for compromised aesthetics, dentinal hypersensitivity, difficulty in the maintenance of plaque control, root caries and bone loss. Regenerative attempts are hindered by the root surface’s avascularity and microbiologically compromised condition. Furthermore, freshly created tissue needs to withstand the physical pressures of mastication and procedures related to the maintenance of oral hygiene by the patient. The key issues include surgical challenges, time and patients’ discomfort despite the various surgical methods that have been performed for the root coverage. The complications related to donor site, sparked interest for the development of newer innovative techniques that helps to meet patient’s aesthetic and functional needs. Pinhole surgical technique (PST) being minimally invasive is used in our study to treat gingival recession using amniotic membrane.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 20 participants were selected randomly with having Miller’s Class I or II recession. Each patient received thorough information on how to practice good oral hygiene. A scaling and root planning process was carried out across the entire mouth. Re-evaluation of research sites was done 1 month after phase I therapy to validate its appropriateness. PST was done randomly on the chosen sites, along with the application of amniotic membrane.

Results:
All the clinical parameters i.e., recession depth (RD), recession width (RW) and clinical attachment level (CAL), were seen improving significantly at 6 months postoperatively compared to baseline except width of keratinized gingiva (WKG) (P = 0.08) and thickness of keratinized gingiva (TKG) (P = 0.14). All the clinical parameters i.e., RD (P = 0.017), RW (P = 0.017), probing depth (P = 0.03) and CAL (P = 0.05) improved significantly at 12 months postoperatively compared to baseline. However, WKG and TKG showed statistically insignificant changes at 12 months postoperatively (P = 0.08, P = 0.14). Significant difference in Visual Analogue Scale score was seen postoperatively at day 1, 3 and 5.

Conclusion:
Pinhole surgical approach is used to treat Miller’s Class I–II recession. It may be a better option than the other techniques because it is less invasive, time and money efficient. For the establishment of a normal vasculature and early wound healing, the usage of amniotic membrane as an adjunct is a better alternative.
Emergence of Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: A Growing Health Concern in the Qassim Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Banawas Saeed S. 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Acinetobacter baumannii is a multidrug-resistant bacterium commonly associated with hospital-acquired infections. The rapid spread of A. baumannii has raised concerns, as it has been linked to the emergence of clones in healthcare facilities worldwide. The challenges of treating and controlling infections caused by this bacterium in hospital settings are exacerbated by its resistance profile. The proliferation of clones worldwide highlights the need for careful infection control procedures and new tactics to fight illnesses caused by drug-resistant A. baumannii strains.

Materials and Methods:
Between January 2019 and December 2020, a total of 26,250 specimens were collected by personnel from the Department of Microbiology at King Fahad Specialist Hospital.

Results:
Our study highlights a significant surge in antimicrobial resistance, indicating a relative increase in multidrug-resistant A. baumannii isolates. Despite extensive resistance, azithromycin, cefoxitin, norfloxacin, penicillin, piperacillin, tetracycline, ceftriaxone, nitrofurantoin and aztreonam showed 91.2%–100% efficacy against these strains.

Conclusions:
This study emphasises the critical need for stringent infection control measures and judicious antibiotic strategies to curb multidrug-resistant A. baumannii outbreaks in healthcare settings. The identification of alternative therapies is imperative for improved management of infections caused by multidrug-resistant A. baumannii.
Effects of residential Yoga therapy on blood pressure and body mass index in women with hypothyroidism and obesity: A retrospective study
Authors: Nilakantham Savitri , Singh Amit , Metri Kashinath G. , Nagaratna R. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Hypothyroidism is a highly prevalent endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age. Patients with hypothyroidism often develop obesity, which further increases the risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Yoga has positive effects on hypothyroidism indices.

Aim:
This retrospective study evaluates the effects of a two-week residential Yoga intervention on blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) among women with hypothyroidism and obesity.

Materials and methods:
Data of 98 females with a clinical diagnosis of hypothyroidism and obesity, aged between 18 and 60 years, who received two weeks of residential Yoga intervention between 2013 and 2020 at Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana, Bengaluru, India, was retrieved retrospectively. The residential Yoga intervention consisted of integrated Yoga sessions, breathing practices, devotional sessions, a simple and wholesome diet, and educational sessions every day. Data on systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and body mass index (BMI) were analyzed. Records of patients with cardiac disease, cardiorespiratory compensatory disease, hypertension, or patients on antihypertensive drugs were excluded.

Results:
There was a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and BMI at two weeks compared to baseline.

Conclusion:
A two-week residential Yoga intervention has a positive impact on blood pressure and BMI in women with hypothyroidism and obesity. Future randomized controlled trials with larger samples and long-term follow-ups are warranted.
Comparative safety and study of Shadguna Makaradhwaja prepared from thin foils of gold and residue with Guduchi Ghana (aqueous extract of Tinospora cordifolia Miers.) in management of Madhumeha (type 2 diabetes): A double-blind, randomized, clinical trial
Authors: Charde Vaibhav A. , Kaur Harmeet B. , Patel Kishore P. , Patgiri B. J. , Prajapati P. K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Diabetes turns out to be an intense worldwide public health problem. Makaradhwaja is in practice for the treatment of Madhumeha (diabetes mellitus) due to its Pramehaghna (antidiabetic) and Rasayana (immunomodulatory and rejuvenating) properties with the number of preclinical and clinical trials in diabetes. The present study was carried out to compare the efficacy of Shadguna Makaradhwaja prepared from (Varkha) thin foils of gold (SM-V) and Shadguna Makaradhwaja prepared from Apakwa Talastha Swarna Bhasma (residue of gold remained at the bottom of glass bottle during Kupipakwa) (SM-R) with Guduchi Ghana (GG) (aqueous extract of Tinospora cordifolia Miers) in type 2 diabetes.

Materials and methods:
In this prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial, 82 patients of type 2 diabetes were treated with SM-V with GG (250 mg) and SM-R with GG (250 mg) twice daily before food with honey for 28 days. The assessment of changes observed in hemogram, blood glucose, lipid profile, hepatic, renal profile, and clinical symptoms was carried out.

Results:
After 28 days of medication, fasting blood glucose level decreased significantly in SM-R, whereas postprandial blood glucose level significantly decreased in SM-V treated group. A significant improvement in subjective parameters and reduction in blood and urine sugar was noted with baseline. Hemogram and hepatic and renal function profiles (safety parameters) in both groups were not significantly different from the baseline. No adverse events were reported during the study period.

Conclusion:
SM-V, along with GG, is more effective in comparison with SM-R, thereby improving the quality of life of patients along with significant glycemic control and free from any untoward effect. Makaradhwaja can be used as an effective drug for diabetes.
Neuropsychiatric Manifestations of Monkeypox: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Thatikala Abhilash , Pakanati Abhinandan Reddy , Patro Satya N. , Bachu Anil , Onteddu Sanjeeva Reddy , Deshpande Aadya , Philpose Rashmi Tresa , Nalleballe Krishna 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective:
The World Health Organization declared monkeypox (MPX), a global health crisis, in July 2022. Its symptoms include fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, myalgias, and fatigue; there have also been the reports of neurological manifestations and no data on psychiatric manifestations. In our study, we aimed to study neurologic and psychiatric manifestations in MPX patients.

Methodology:
Our study used the TriNetX database to identify MPX patients along with their age, gender, race, ethnicity, and geographic location data. Using International Classification of Diseases, tenth revision codes for neurological, psychiatric symptoms, and diagnoses, we identified 331 individuals on November 22, 2022, who had neuropsychiatric signs within a month of diagnosis with MPX (n = 1,006).

Results:
The most common neurological symptom was pain (17.3%) followed by headache (10.3%), while the most frequent psychiatric symptoms were mood disorders (11.9%), emotional issues (10.5%), and anxiety (9.4%).

Conclusion:
In this study, neuropsychiatric symptoms were present in about one-third of MPX patients. Physicians, neurologists, and psychiatrists should be aware of the potential for neuropsychiatric side effects associated with MPX infection in patients.
Diagnostic Utility of Immunofluorescence on Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Skin Biopsy
Authors: Das Nipan , Dey Biswajit , Lakadong Rennie Orson , Raphael Vandana , Verma Shikha 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
When immunofluorescence on the frozen section is insufficient or unavailable, salvage immunofluorescence techniques can be used on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. The goal of the current investigation was to evaluate the diagnostic value of paraffin immunofluorescence following proteinase K digestion on skin biopsy samples in comparison to fresh frozen immunofluorescence.

Materials and Methods:
It was standardized and compared to the immunofluorescence on fresh frozen tissue (IF-Frozen) for paraffin immunofluorescence by proteinase K digestion of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded skin biopsies (IF-FFPE). The study included 50 native skin biopsy cases, and fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled IgA, IgG, IgM, and C3 intensity levels were evaluated in each case.

Results:
A total of 50 cases of native skin biopsy were included in the study, and their intensities for IgA, IgG, IgM, and C3 antibodies were compared. The average staining intensities in each disease group for the antibodies had equal intensity or had a minor difference (1+)/significant difference (2+). Paraffin immunofluorescence, proteinase K digestion had the best correlation, that is, had either equal or minor difference (1+) with fresh frozen immunofluorescence. The difference of 2+ intensity of antibodies between IF-FFPE and IF-Frozen was noted mainly in C3 antibody on paraneoplastic pemphigus. IF-FFPE showed a sensitivity of 100%, 97.6%, 100%, and 81.6% for IgA, IgG, IgM, and C3, respectively, whereas the specificity was 100% for IgA, IgG, IgM, and C3.

Limitations:
Small sample size and and the employment of one method of antigen retrieval in IF-FFPE.

Conclusion:
Immunofluorescence techniques done on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue can serve as salvage techniques in cases where immunofluorescence on the frozen section may not be adequate or may not be available.
Ultrasound Utility in the Management of Morphea: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Khan Raza , Khachemoune Amor 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Morphea, an autoimmune progressive disorder, can significantly impact patient well-being, yet therapeutic options, though expanding, exhibit limited efficacy. A persistent challenge in disease management revolves around monitoring disease activity and gauging treatment effectiveness. To address this, various clinical assessment tools have been devised, each with its inherent limitations. The realm of imaging in morphea has undergone noteworthy expansion, with ultrasonography (US) emerging as an efficacious and cost-effective avenue for quantifying disease activity and evaluating therapeutic outcomes. However, the evidential support for its application remains equivocal. Our aim was to explore and analyze the existing evidence concerning the utility of ultrasound in the management of morphea.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted a comprehensive literature review using PubMed Medline to assess evidence concerning US utility in morphea management.

Results:
Sixteen total studies were included in our review.

Discussion:
Although the studies presented carry their own limitations, cumulative findings indicate the potential of ultrasound, particularly when coupled with Doppler, in facilitating staging, assessing disease activity, and longitudinal assessment of therapeutic efficacy in patients with morphea.
Relationship between the ABO/Rh Blood Group Factors with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Severity and Mortality among Hospitalized Patients in Algeria: A Single-center Study
Authors: Ketfi Abdelbassat , Zouai Karima , Djagheri Yacine , Djenouhat Kamel , Touahri Rama 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The novel coronavirus causes the deadly disease, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Therefore, it is necessary to identify prognostic factors for patients hospitalized with SARS-coronavirus-2 infection to identify patients with increased mortality risk. Several studies have shown that polymorphisms within the ABO gene are associated with different traits, including risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality.

Methods:
We conducted a prospective, single-center study at the Pulmonologist Department of Rouiba Hospital, Algiers. The medical records of 498 COVID-19 patients enrolled in this cohort study were hospitalized between March 2020 and March 2022. The patient reported the blood group (grouping card) or was carried out on site. The patients were divided into 10 groups: A+, A−, B+, B−, O+, O−, AB+, AB−, (Rhesus+ABO/Rh blood groups), and Rhesus-groups, according to the distribution of ABO blood group. The different ABO blood group of the 498 patients was analyzed and compared according to their prognosis, death, or transfer to an intensive care unit.

Results:
Four hundred and ninety-eight patients were evaluated, 213 (42.8%) were male, and the mean age was 55.2 years (standard deviation: 15.3). A total of 473 (94.98%) patients were discharged, and 25 (5.02%) died during hospitalization. The number of patients with ARh negative was significantly higher in the dead patients 30% among 10 patients (P = 0.0002) versus 5.6% for A+, compared to improved individuals and more computed tomography scan lesion extension 40% (P = 0.021) between 50% and 75% vs. 13.2% ± 34.0% (P = 0.034) for the A(+) group, and hypernatremia 141.2 ± 2.7 (P = 0.056) versus 137.4 ± 4.36 for A(+) group. The distribution of ABO blood groups was statistically different between the two groups. The dead patients had the blood groups A(−), (30%), A+ (5.6%), B− (0%), B+ (1.5%), AB− (0%), AB+ (0%), O− (20%), and O+ (4.3%), respectively.

Conclusion:
The protective nature of all blood groups (AB, B, and O+) was observed in patients presenting with COVID-19 symptoms of varying severities. Blood grouping A and especially A− and O− are marked by a high risk of COVID-19 infection, serious form, and mortality and therefore deserve particular attention in their management.
Evaluation of Erosive and Cariogenic Potential of Pediatric Liquid Formulated Drugs Commonly Prescribed in India
Authors: Deshpande Anshula Neeraj , Pradhan Neha , Poonacha K. S. , Dave Bhavna , Raol Rameshwari , Jain Aishwarya 
Published: June 2024

Context:
Many children receive medications for recurrent acute illness and vitamin supplements prescribed by a pediatrician. These medications for young children are in form of syrup and emulsion which are of high sugar content and low pH. These medications make teeth susceptible tooth erosion.

Aim:
The aim was to evaluate the erosive and cariogenic potential of mid cariogenic potential of pediatric drugs prescribed in India by physicochemical methods.

Materials and Methods:
The drugs used in this study compromised 96 liquid drug preparations commercially available as oral solution, suspension, elixir, syrup, and drops commonly prescribed for various ailments for children. Tests were performed in triplicate by a calibrated researcher. The endogenous pH of each sample was determined using digital pH meter HI-253. The measurements of the total soluble solids contents were done using the method proposed by the Ayurvedic Formulary of India and the sugar content was determined according to the prescription. Descriptive statistics were employed to compare the results.

Results:
All drug classes showed acidic pH, and the lowest mean was found for anticonvulsants (4.2 ± 0.20). The variation in the total titratable acidity was from 0.0% to 0.03% among all the drug classes. The highest TSS values were found in bronchodilators 52.75 ± 14.32. Almost all the syrups failed to mention syrup base in their content.

Conclusion:
It was found that sugar is present in almost all the commercially available pediatric syrups, and a lot of the syrups have their pH close to the critical pH of teeth.
Practice of postoperative face-down positioning and its duration after silicone oil tamponade in vitreoretinal surgery: Results of a survey
Authors: Adhi Mohammad I. , Adhi Mehreen , Aldebasi Tariq , Hazzazi Mohammed A. , Refka Mohammed N. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

PURPOSE:
This survey was conducted among practicing vitreoretinal (VR) surgeons to determine their practice of postoperative face-down positioning (FDP) of patients and its duration after silicone oil (SO) tamponade.

METHODS:
A web-based SurveyMonkey platform (San Mateo, CA, USA) was used for this cross-sectional study. Up to 80 practicing VR surgeons in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and Pakistan were contacted via SurveyMonkey link using WhatsApp and emails.

RESULTS:
Of the 80 practicing VR surgeons, 71 responded to the survey. All VR surgeons in both countries use SO in their surgical practice. While operating on complicated retinal detachments (RDs) that include cases with advanced proliferative vitreoretinopathy, 75% of VR surgeons choose SO tamponade, while 9% of VR surgeons prefer gas tamponade. Up to 63% of VR surgeons advise FDP to their patients whenever they use SO as tamponade. When operating on complicated RDs with SO tamponade, 79% of VR surgeons advise postoperative FDP. Roughly half of the VR surgeons advise FDP for 6 to 10 days. The duration of postoperative FDP varies from 1 day to 21 days.

CONCLUSION:
All VR surgeons use SO in their practice in KSA and Pakistan. While the vast majority of VR surgeons in both countries use SO as tamponade for complicated RDs, the practice of postoperative FDP and its duration appears to be quite variable. This highlights a lack of uniformity in postoperative care of these patients.