bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Yugoslavism: Some Aspects and Comments
Authors: Djordjević Dimitrije 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAt the April, 1972, Annual Meeting of the Rocky Mountain Social Science Association, which took place in Salt Lake City, five young American scholars presented papers dealing with various aspects of Yugoslavism in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The papers and subsequent discussions were interesting from two standpoints. First, the authors belong to the youngest generation of American scholars familiar with the several Yugoslav languages and with Yugoslav archives and other sources. Second, the topic of Yugoslavism is not only complex and provocative, but currently topical as well. It is striking that even today, more than fifty-five years after the creation of the Yugoslav state, we do not have a modern and comprehensive study of the origins and development of the Yugoslav idea and, consequently, of the Yugoslav movement in the past. Inter-war Yugoslav historiography usually approached the problem from the "unitaristic" viewpoint, which corresponded to the political necessities of the time.1 As a reaction to this. post-war Yugoslav historiography espoused the other extreme: a stress on the national histories of the various Yugoslav peoples, to the detriment of the Yugoslav entity.2 When we attempt to study the development of Yugoslavism in the past, it strikes me as necessary to find the answers to three general questions: 1. What caused the origin of the Yugoslav idea? 2. What were the features of its development? 3. What were the internal and external obstacles the Yugoslav movement had to confront?
The Historical Significance of the September 1923 Uprising in Bulgaria
Authors: Kosev Dimitur 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe people's antifascist uprising in September, 1923, organized and conducted by the Bulgarian Communist Party (BCP), is one of the greatest events in Bulgaria's modern history. It is allotted a foremost place in the textbooks on the history of Bulgaria, and numerous special scientific works have been and will continue to be dedicated to it.* However, the September uprising of 1923 is not merely of interest to Bulgarian history alone; it also occupies an important place in the recent history of mankind. Three major events characterize the revolutionary process in 1923: the September uprising in Bulgaria, the Hamburg uprising in Germany in October, and the Kraków uprising in Poland in November. Comparatively, the September uprising involved the largest number of participants and was the best organized and the best conducted of the three uprisings. This fact was pointed out at the Fifth World Communist Internationale and is why all objectively written works of general history give it a prominent place.
The Constitutional Appeal of Shari'a in a Modernizing Saudi State
Authors: Al-Sudairy Ziad 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn 2007 and in a drive to modernize its legal system, Saudi Arabia promulgated the new Law of the Judiciary which aims at beginning a process of codifying Shar'ia Law, unifying the Saudi Court System and making the administration of state legislation a function of the reluctant Shar'ia courts. This project, however, entails revisiting traditional Shari's legal principals heretofore held sacrosanct and presumes to redraw the contours of legitimate state power while simultaneously limiting the constraining role of Shar'ia. As such, the new Law of the Judiciary constitutes a major challenge to the Saudi Shar"a establishment and its implementation, or lack thereof, shall reflect on the extent the Saudi constitutional landscape has evolved.
The Establishment of Kemalist Secularism in Turkey
Authors: Köker Tolga 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThree mechanisms (exit, sincere voice and self-subversion) mediated the establishment of Turkish secularism. Exit means purging opponents out of decision-making. Sincere voice is public expression of dissent against the secularist reforms. Self-subversion refers to concealment of underlying opposition to Kemalist project in the face of perceived pressures. Exit ensured the absence of the opposition leaders in the Assembly, allowing the Kemalists to intimidate the opposing deputies to self-subvert themselves, clogging sincere voice, to such a degree that all the secularizing reforms were unanimously approved without a single vote of dissent in the parliament. Thus, the Kemalist secularism was established as a result of the dominance of exit and self-subversion over sincere voice. The very same interplay of these three mechanisms later led to the rise of a secular public sphere in Turkey during the early republican era (1923-1938). The article ends with discussing the social ramifications of this intense secularization in contemporary Turkey.
Between Institutions and Culture: The UNDP's Arab Human Development Reports, 2002-2005
Authors: Trebilcock Michael 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe four Arab Human Development Reports, 2002-2005, sponsored by the United Nations Development Program and written by over one hundred Arab scholars based in the Middle East and elsewhere, have attracted more attention and controversy than any other official studies of development in recent years. The Reports are controversial in at least two respects: First, they adopt a conception of development as freedom that excludes all economic variables. Second, they emphasize three major themes, building a knowledge society; expansion of political freedoms; and women's empowerment, that challenge in fundamental ways central features of institutional regimes and cultural and religious traditions in Arab societies. This paper is critical of the espousal of a form of egalitarian liberal democracy as a benchmark for formulating reform strategies in Arab societies, particularly given the role and influence of path dependence in explaining the status quo. This form of universalistic utopianism tends to discount the dramatic differences in performance amongst various Arab societies on a wide range of economic, social, and political indicators and fails to exploit the potential value of these differences in identifying and exploiting openings for feasible reform strategies.
System-Induced NGOs’ Origins, Action Strategies, and Challenges: The Case of the “Elderly, Women’s, and Children’s Shelter” of the Ning Sub-District Administration, Nanjing
Authors: Cui’e () Zhang , Jinhua () Di 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis case study examines a local women’s NGO called the “Elderly, Women’s, and Children’s Shelter” in Nanjing. Using dynamic process analysis, the article observes, in a state-dominated system, the origins, action strategies, and challenges of system-induced NGOs (SINGOs). Research shows that SINGOs are organized to meet the needs of local governments; their appearance, furthermore, is directly related to “local state” paternalism. In the practice of mobilizing resources, SINGOs garner most of their resources through strategies like participating in officially organized study tours, fighting for “typical model” status, and integrating and taking advantage of residential community system resources. However, because they inherit “system-induced” qualities and political weaknesses, they are also left with structural flaws and pains.
The Public Fundraising Journey of Grassroots NGOs: The Case of the Cultural Development Center for Rural Women
Authors: Liao Xuefei 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn recent years, China's NGOs have played an increasingly large role in the process of developing economic society, transforming society, and constructing a socialist harmonious society. However, many NGOs face the problem of limited funds and this problem is especially prominent among grassroots NGOs. Without any previous experience upon which to rely, the Cultural Development Center for Rural Women (hereafter "Rural Women") began an attempt to make "developing local resources" a new channel for fundraising. Through a public fundraising activity staged thrice in three consecutive years, Rural Women raised more than RMB 350,000 and became a certain social force and a harbinger for the raising of local funds by grassroots NGOs. Through extensive surveying and analysis of the public fundraising activities of this organization, the current piece reveals the key factors of success in public fundraising by Chinese grassroots NGOs as well as several related policies and institutional conditions.
Purchasing Public Services: The Contract-Oriented Model for Cooperation between Government and Civil Organizations – The Case of Shanghai Dapuqiao Community Culture Services Center
Authors: Le Yuan 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSince 2003, Shanghai, Beijing, and other cities have witnessed instances of governments buying public services from civil organizations. This is related to the shift in Chinese governments' functions as well as the background of establishing of a service-oriented government and the socialization of public services. The Shanghai Dapuqiao Community Culture Service Center movement reflected not only the model of governments contracting services to community organizations, but is more a realization of the theory of public-private partnerships. From this example, we can see that in order to effectively achieve the effects of contracting for public services both governments and civil organizations must bring their comparative advantages into play. It is key to preserve the independence of civil organizations in the contracting for public services and to establish an open and competitive processing system. This will require that governments increase their trust in civil organizations, that civil organizations improve their capacities, and will further require improvements in the relevant legal frameworks.
Empirical Analysis of Charitable Activities during the Wenchuan Earthquake: Telling the NGO Story
Authors: Han Junkui , Ji Ying 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAfter the 2008 Sichuan Earthquake, people started to pay more attention to charitable activities and to place high hopes in NGOs. Through an extensive analysis of surveys (including 465 surveys from individuals involved in the earthquake, 171 surveys from people who benefited from the charity work, and 60 surveys from the NGOs themselves), meeting notes, and interviews with involved groups and individuals, we found that most people were more than willing to donate their money and time to charity. Those who benefited from the charity work also reported high levels of satisfaction with the government, NGOs, and corporations. However, with respect to NGOs, there remains room for improvement in the areas of credibility, publicity, and transparency of information. Respecting people's distinct donation preferences, NGOs should seize this opportunity to expand the charity market and to educate and develop new volunteers. On the other hand, the government should use a service purchase mechanism to encourage NGOs' involvement in disaster area reconstruction. The government can also consider implementing measures to reward NGOs that were actively involved in disaster relief.
Analysis of YBC's “Rebuild Our Home Entrepreneurship Campaign” – A Social Enterprise Perspective
Authors: Zhu Xiaohong 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDuring the aftermath of the 2008 Sichuan Earthquake, Youth Business China (YBC) quickly launched the “Rebuild Our Home Entrepreneurship Campaign.” With the help of the Mianyang government, YBC set up a local office and brought the campaign directly to the disaster area. YBC took advantage of its social resources and assisted youth affected by the disaster in starting their own businesses, which boosted the local economy and garnered public recognition. YBC's success was due to the combination of rebuilding and aid concepts with their own management ideas. YBC also successfully integrated public resources and private resources with its own unique charity management knowledge and standard operations. This rebuilding assistance model is an innovation in the non-profit sector, as well as an example of successful operation of a social enterprise.
An Account of Discourse Markers
Authors: Fraser Bruce 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDiscourse Markers (DMs) have been a topic of research for 30 years under many different names. The present paper presents an account of one view of DMs with the aim of providing researchers in the field with a coherent definition of DMs and a presentation of the syntactic and semantic properties of this functional category that will enable them to compare their work on DMs with other researchers. In addition, an analysis of the uses of the DM but supports the claim that there is one core meaning relationship, contrast, with the interpretation of the more than 10 different uses of but being signalled by context and pragmatic elaboration.
WJ-40: Implicature, truth, and meaning
Authors: Horn Laurence 
Published: July 2010

Abstract40-plus years ago Paul Grice initiated modern pragmatics by defining a relation of conversational implicature within a general theory of cooperation and rationality. While critics have disputed the formulation and derivation of Gricean principles, the overall framework, with appropriate emendations, remains the most natural and explanatory approach to predicting constraints on lexical incorporation, the behavior of scalar predicates, pragmatic strengthening, and other linguistic phenomena. Despite recent arguments for an enriched conception of propositional content, a range of real and fictional exchanges bearing on the distinction between lying and misleading supports the neo-Gricean view of an austere conception of what is said.
Inferentialism and the Compositionality of Meaning
Authors: Peregrin Jaroslav 
Published: July 2010

AbstractInferentialism is a species of use-theory of meaning, which, however, identifies meanings neither with regularities of usage, nor with underlying dispositions, but rather with 'rules' of usage. is is, of course, underlain by the picture of language as an essentially rule governed enterprise. One of the frequent challenges to the inferentialist picture is that it cannot come up with a notion of meaning that would be compositional. In this paper I address this objection (as well as some other, related ones) and I show that it stems from a miscontrual of the inferentialist standpoint.
A Genre Approach to the Study of Im-politeness
Authors: Blitvich Pilar Garcés-Conejos 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis paper argues that genre notions, as understood by (Fairclough, 2003), can provide an overarching unit of analysis to accommodate both top-down and bottom-up analyses of impoliteness. These notions are here applied to the study impoliteness within an institutional genre: news interviews. Impoliteness is seen as the driving force behind a new genre, "news as confrontation", whose communicative goal is to reaffirm a view of the world. The multifunctionality of impoliteness in this context has been related to a mismatch between the introduction of impoliteness as a novel staple in the news as confrontation shows, and the unchanged social expectations of politeness as the default term in social interaction. At the level of the relationship between interviewee and interviewer, impoliteness manifests itself both at the lexico-grammatical level and interactionally. However, impoliteness is used to create rapport between the interviewer and the overhearing audience. Thus, incivility toward those guests who differ ideologically from the audience has to be assessed as rapport building, and seen as constitutive rather than disruptive of communal life. I provide two examples of the new genre by providing an in-depth analysis of two interviews by Bill O'Reilly for Fox News' The O'Reilly Factor the epitome of news as confrontation shows.
Pragmatics in Business Discourse: Mapping Territories, Diffusion and Adaptation
Authors: Perren Lew 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn the IRP inaugural issue the editors highlighted that pragmatics is often an extra perspective subsumed into contexts and frames driven by other disciplines; they welcomed the acceleration of diffusion but warned against the possible distortion of "corner-stone" principles. This article maps the territory of business discourse studies and explores the diffusion of pragmatic ideas (deixis, implicature, speech acts, politeness, etc.). This leads to discussion of the nature of engagement and suggestions for the future.
It Is in the Nature of the Colours
Authors: Da Pos Osvaldo , Albertazzi Liliana 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis study corroborates the view that perceptual categorization does not require linguistic categories, and simple tasks like ordering colours on the basis of their similarities evince well-structured perceptual categories, defined relatively to visual perception and independently from experience, language and higher-level cognition. The independence of these categories from experience, language, and higher-level cognition would be an argument for their naturalness, and hence for their universality, and for their role in shaping language itself. On the other hand, the influence of language on colour perception would come about by facilitating perception-controlled behaviours. The ordering procedure which rests on perceptual similarity yields a colour system in which perceptual categories are implicit and yet clear and stable. In fact, it shows that whatever speakers in whatever language community share the same experience of colour. The arguments presented favour the 'universalist' thesis and are important in regard to both the research methodology and interpretation of the experimental data. The study's distinctive features are the interdisciplinary nature of its approach, the gestaltist theoretical and methodological conception adopted, and the concept of the naturalness of colour advanced and discussed.
Maniatis's Arguments about Impossibilities and Rigging in Hammad et al. (2008): the Importance of Pizlo (2008)
Authors: Hammad Sherief , Kennedy John 
Published: July 2010

AbstractLydia Maniatis (2009) adroitly argues our theories of a perspective illusion to do with angles are rigged in favour of our conclusions. Nice point. She develops useful alternative accounts of our illusion. However, her rigging argument involves the Bishop Berkeley induction problem. In response, we point out 2D features can specify 3D shapes. Counter to her induction problem, we argue specification requires a 3D environment of a particular, restricted kind, resulting in meaningful 2D features, as in the landmark Pizlo (2008) treatise.
Fechner's Law: Where Does the Log Transform Come From?
Authors: Laming Donald 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis paper looks at Fechner's law in the light of 150 years of subsequent study. In combination with the normal, equal variance, signal-detection model, Fechner's law provides a numerically accurate account of discriminations between two separate stimuli, essentially because the logarithmic transform delivers a model for Weber's law. But it cannot be taken to be a measure of internal sensation because an equally accurate account is provided by a χ2 model in which stimuli are scaled by their physical magnitude. The logarithmic transform of Fechner's law arises because, for the number of degrees of freedom typically required in the χ2 model, the logarithm of a χ2 variable is, to a good approximation, normal. This argument is set within a general theory of sensory discrimination.
Postcolonial On/scenity: The Sexualization of Political Space in Post-Independence Ukraine
Authors: Romanets Maryna 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe article focuses on the image-driven constructions of the political that bring sexual scenarios into the Ukrainian public sphere. The upsurge and incorporation of sexually explicit iconography into diverse popular cultural forms signify a strategic move against the sedimented holdovers from the Soviet totalitarian regime and are concomitant with the rise of a new social identity shaped in accordance with a changing societal structure.
What Is Ukrainian about Ukraine's Pop Culture?: The Strange Case of Verka Serduchka
Authors: Yekelchyk Serhy 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe Ukrainian cross-dressing and language-mixing pop star Verka Serduchka (played by male actor Andrii Danylko) is the most controversial product of Ukrainian post-Soviet mass culture. Ukrainian nationalists reject Serduchka as a parody of their nation, while Russians took umbrage at her 2007 Eurovision entry, which allegedly contained the words “Russia goodbye.” This article interprets the character of Serduchka as a jester, who makes audiences laugh at their own cultural stereotypes and prejudices, and at the same time as a representative of Ukraine's living folk culture reflecting an ambiguous national identity of this essentially bilingual country.
Applying motivational interviewing (MI) in counselling obese and overweight children and parents in Swedish child healthcare
Authors: Söderlund Lena L , Malmsten Janna , Bendtsen Preben , Nilsen Per 
Published: July 2010

Objective: To evaluate how a motivational interviewing (MI) training course for child healthcare nurses in Sweden affected their work with children’s weight issues and their attitudes to MI. Design: Cross-sectional survey, descriptive design. Setting: Nurses were recruited from 33 different child healthcare centres in Östergötland, Sweden. Method: Seventy-six nurses who had participated in an MI training course (held in 2008) were approached one year later to answer a questionnaire by telephone. Most questions concerned the respondents’ routine use of MI in clinical practice and their attitudes towards MI as a method. Results: The response rate was 82 per cent. Nearly half of the nurses had changed the content and structure of their discussions regarding weight issues. Three-quarters of the nurses stated that they had sufficient time to use MI and that they had support from leadership and colleagues to use MI in their routine practice. The nurses’ attitudes to MI were positive, especially their perception that MI was consistent with their values and was better than traditional advice-giving approaches. Most MI techniques were found to be simple to use: 78 per cent found it very or quite simple to listen actively, 63 per cent believed it was very or quite simple to summarize parents’ opinions, 63 per cent found it very or quite simple to pay attention to parents’ change talk, and 60 per cent said that it was very or quite simple to ask permission before providing information. Conclusion: MI training can have a substantial effect on child healthcare nurses’ clinical work on paediatric weight issues.
Stories to communicate risks about tobacco
Authors: Williams Jessica H , Green Melanie C , Kohler Connie , Allison Jeroan J , Houston Thomas K 
Published: July 2010

Objective: To evaluate the construct and criterion validity of the Video Transportation Scale (VTS). Setting: Inpatient service of a safety net hospital in Birmingham, Alabama, USA. Method: We administered the VTS in the context of a randomized controlled trial of a DVD-delivered narrative-based intervention (stories) designed to encourage smoking cessation among hospitalized patients. Results: Factor analysis yielded a two-factor solution relating to engagement and attentional focus. Patients receiving the stories-based intervention had a higher score for engagement than control but stories patients and controls did not differ in reported attentional focus. The engagement factor demonstrated predictive validity in that patients with higher scores were more likely to report quitting smoking at two weeks. Conclusion: The VTS provides a rapid assessment of transportation that can be used in applied settings using video-based narratives.