bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Henderson‐Trending of Macroeconomic Variables and Forecasting Accuracy
Authors: Lenten Liam J. A. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTUsing a structural time‐series model, the forecasting accuracy of a wide range of macroeconomic variables is investigated. Specifically of importance is whether the Henderson moving‐average procedure distorts the underlying time‐series properties of the data for forecasting purposes. Given the weight of attention in the literature to the seasonal adjustment process used by various statistical agencies, this study hopes to address the dearth of literature on ‘trending’ procedures. Forecasts using both the trended and untrended series are generated. The forecasts are then made comparable by ‘detrending’ the trended forecasts, and comparing both series to the realised values. Forecasting accuracy is measured by a suite of common methods, and a test of significance of difference is applied to the respective root mean square errors. It is found that the Henderson procedure does not lead to deterioration in forecasting accuracy in Australian macroeconomic variables on most occasions, though the conclusions are very different between the one‐step‐ahead and multi‐step‐ahead forecasts. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Horizontale dynamische Pfahltests – Studie zur Reproduzierbarkeit
Authors: Rudolph Christina , Mahutka Klaus‐Peter 
Published: March 2011

AbstractDer Horizontale Dynamische Pfahltest, kurz H‐DPT, bietet die Möglichkeit, mit verhältnismäßig wenig Aufwand den Bettungsmodul von horizontal belasteten Pfählen zu bestimmen. Es werden Feldversuche vorgestellt, bei denen die Ergebnisse dynamischer Pfahltests mit denen statischer Tests verglichen werden. Der H‐DPT wurde auf einem großen Testfeld an 17 Pfählen durchgeführt und validiert.Horizontal dynamic pile tests – Study of reproducibility. Horizontal dynamic pile testing (H‐DPT) is a method to determine the lateral subgrade reaction of laterally loaded piles with less effort than with static testing. In‐situ measurements are presented and the results of the dynamic pile tests are compared to static loading tests. H‐DPT is tested on a large testing site with 17 piles to verify the method.
Quellverhalten eines teilgesättigten Kaolinit‐Tons: Laborversuche, Modell und numerische Simulation
Authors: Dobrowolsky Markus , Vrettos Christos 
Published: March 2011

AbstractDie vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit den Zwangsbeanspruchungen auf geotechnische Bauwerke infolge Quellen von feinkörnigen Böden. Anhand von Versuchsergebnissen an neu entwickelten Ödometergeräten werden für einen quellfähigen teilgesättigten Kaolinit‐Ton das Volumenänderungsverhalten sowie die einhergehenden Spannungsänderungen in Abhängigkeit von dem Sättigungsgrad und der Porenzahl untersucht. Aus den Versuchsergebnissen werden empirische Beziehungen hergeleitet, die in ein allgemeines Finite‐Element‐Programm implementiert werden. Mit diesem Modell werden anschließend die Zwängungen auf ein im Boden eingebettetes Gründungselement als Konsequenz der Feuchteausbreitung analysiert.Swelling behaviour of a partially saturated kaolinite clay: Laboratory tests, model and numerical simulation. The paper addresses the constraints imposed on geotechnical structures due to swelling of fine‐grained soils. The volume change behaviour and the associated changes in the stress state for an expansive kaolinite clay are experimentally investigated in specially developed oedometer devices in dependence on the degree of saturation and void ratio. Empirical relationships are derived from the test results that are implemented in a finite element code. Using this model, the constaints imposed on a foundation element embedded in this soil due to moisture diffusion are analyzed.
Cut‐off wall construction using Cutter Soil Mixing: a case study
Authors: Arnold Michael , Beckhaus Karsten , Wiedenmann Ulli 
Published: March 2011

AbstractCutter Soil Mixing (CSM), a deep soil mixing method, was used to rehabilitate the Herbert Hoover Dike, Florida by installing a cutoff wall. After an introduction to the method including remarks on its advantages and limitations, the rehabilitation project and its background are presented. The paper describes the necessary approach to apply Cutter Soil Mixing under the specific site conditions. Finally, results obtained from an extensive testing program are discussed.Herstellung einer Dichtwand mittels Cutter‐Soil‐Mixing: Ein Fallbeispiel. Das Bodenmischverfahren Cutter‐Soil‐Mixing (CSM) wurde bei der Instandsetzung des Herbert‐Hoover‐Deichs in Florida zum Einbau einer Dichtwand eingesetzt. Das Verfahren einschließlich seiner Vorteile und Einsatzgrenzen wird vorgestellt und der Hintergrund des Deichsanierungsprojekts erläutert. Der Aufsatz beschreibt das Vorgehen, welches für den Einsatz des CSM‐Verfahrens unter den speziellen Randbedingungen der Baustelle notwendig war. Zum Schluss werden die Ergebnisse des umfangreichen Versuchsprogramms diskutiert.
Longitudinal analysis of cognitive performances and structural brain changes in late‐life bipolar disorder
Authors: Delaloye C. , Moy G. , de Bilbao F. , Weber K. , Baudois S. , Haller S. , Xekardaki A. , Canuto A. , Giardini U. , Lövblad K.‐O. , Gold G. , Giannakopoulos P. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractObjectivesCross‐sectional studies in bipolar disorder (BD) suggested the presence of cognitive deficits and subtle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes in limbic areas that may persist at euthymic stages. Whether or not cognitive and MRI changes represent stable attributes of BD or evolve with time is still matter of debate. To address this issue, we performed a 2‐year longitudinal study including detailed neuropsychological and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analyses of 15 euthymic older BD patients and 15 controls.MethodsNeuropsychological evaluation concerned working memory, episodic memory, processing speed, and executive functions. MRI analyses included voxel‐based morphometry (VBM) analysis of gray matter including region of interest (ROI) analysis and tract‐based spatial statistics (TBSS) analysis of white matter of diffusion tensor imaging derived fractional anisotropy (FA).ResultsBD patients displayed significantly lower performances in processing speed and episodic memory but not in working memory and executive functions compared to controls. However, BD patients did not differ from controls in the mean trajectory of cognitive changes during the 2 years follow‐up. In the same line, longitudinal gray matter (VBM, ROI) and white matter (TBSS FA) changes did not differ between BD patients and controls.ConclusionThe lack of distinction between BD patients and controls in respect to the 2‐year changes in cognition and MRI findings supports the notion that this disorder does not have a significant adverse impact on cognitive and brain aging. From this point of view, the present results convey a message of hope for patients suffering from BD. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recent Development in Synthetic Strategies for Oseltamivir Phosphate
Authors: Shibasaki Masakatsu , Kanai Motomu , Yamatsugu Kenzo 
Published: March 2011

AbstractRecent developments in synthetic strategies toward an important anti‐influenza drug, oseltamivir phosphate, are discussed. The importance of the drug further increased after the influenza A (H1N1) pandemic in 2009 and the emergence of the highly virulent avian influenza H5N1, which might eventually acquire the ability to spread between humans. Currently, the drug is produced in an industrial process of 11 chemical steps starting from (–)‐shikimic acid, whose availability is limited due to the massive demand of the drug. Thus, many chemists have been working to develop alternative synthetic processes to produce this important drug starting from readily available materials using environmentally benign, operationally safe, and cost‐effective methods. Synthetic efforts made by each group of chemists are described in this review article. The development of novel synthetic methodologies and novel reactions has had a great impact on the efficient syntheses of functional molecules, such as drugs like oseltamivir phosphate.
A Computational Framework for Magnetic Polyoxometalates and Molecular Spin Structures: CONDON 2.0
Authors: Speldrich Manfred , Schilder Helmut , Lueken Heiko , Kögerler Paul 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe emergence of increasingly complex molecular magnets, driven in particular by polyoxometalate chemistry, requires theoretical tools to accurately model and understand their magnetic phenomena. At the same time the unambiguous verification of model Hamiltonians remains a challenge, tied to factors ranging from available independent experimental data sets to available computation resources. Focusing on several recent examples for magnetically functionalized polyoxometalates and polynuclear coordination complexes, we demonstrate the recent developments of CONDON 2.0 that aim to address these issues, and suggest measurement protocols that will aid our multi‐parameter computational approach.
Hybrid Polyoxometalates: Merging Organic and Inorganic Domains for Enhanced Catalysis and Energy Applications
Authors: Berardi Serena , Carraro Mauro , Sartorel Andrea , Modugno Gloria , Bonchio Marcella 
Published: March 2011

AbstractOrganic–inorganic hybrids based on polyoxometalate scaffolds(POMs) are a unique class of molecular metal‐oxides featuring a composite surface, whereby the merging of complementary domains stimulates new functions and enhances performances. The interaction between the organic and inorganic components can be designed via covalent and/or non‐covalent strategies, yielding novel molecular systems with key applications in catalysis and materials science. Selected examples of such a rewarding approach will be illustrated, including the synthesis of tailored POM‐based catalysts, and their application in homogeneous systems and on electrocatalytic surfaces for water splitting and renewable energy production.
A PVA/PVP hydrogel for human lens substitution: Synthesis, rheological characterization, and in vitro biocompatibility
Authors: Leone Gemma , Consumi Marco , Greco Giuseppe , Bonechi Claudia , Lamponi Stefania , Rossi Claudio , Magnani Agnese 
Published: March 2011

AbstractTo overcome opacification and absence of accommodation of human lens substitutes a new poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/poly(N‐vinyl‐2‐ pyrrolidinone) (PVP) based hydrogel (PPS31075) was realised. The Infrared Spectroscopy and the mechanical spectra confirmed the successful occurrence of crosslinking reaction. The rheological analysis pointed out a behavior comparable with that of young human lens in terms of complex shear modulus and accommodation capability. Further analysis in terms of optical properties, water content measurements, diffusion coefficient, cytotoxicity, and human capsular cell adhesion confirmed the applicability of such a hydrogel as potential human lens substitute. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.
Improved bio‐implant using ultrafast laser induced self‐assembled nanotexture in titanium
Authors: Bush Joshua R. , Nayak Barada K. , Nair Lakshmi S. , Gupta Mool C. , Laurencin Cato T. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe most successful metal implant materials currently have relatively smooth surfaces on the micron size scale, with most failures occurring after only 10 years. To move beyond this limiting time scale, texturing methods have been developed to modify the metal surface to enhance integration of the implant directly with surrounding bone. A flexible single‐step ultrafast‐laser texturing process has been developed that results in a surface texture that exhibits micron scale peaks and troughs with superimposed submicron and nano‐scale features. The textured titanium samples remain completely hydrophilic with no measurable contact angle even after several weeks in normal atmosphere. An increase in mesenchymal stem cell number is observed over that on an untreated control titanium surface. Extensive formation of cellular bridges by stromal cells between pillars shows the favorable response of differentiated cells to the surface and the promotion of their attachment. Expression of the alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin genes in human bone marrow cells were seen to increase on the textured surface. The development of this single‐step method for creating micron, submicron, and nano‐scale surface texture directly on metals makes a significant contribution to the goal of improving the integration and life span of joint replacement implants. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.
The effect of radiation dose on the tensile and impact toughness of highly cross‐linked and remelted ultrahigh‐molecular weight polyethylenes
Authors: Huot J Caitlin , Van Citters Douglas W. , Currier John H. , Collier John P. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractSeveral highly cross‐linked and remelted ultrahigh‐molecular weight polyethylenes (UHMWPE) were introduced in 1998 as bearing materials for orthopaedic implants to achieve superior wear performance. However, gamma radiation and the subsequent postirradiation thermal treatment are associated with decreased mechanical properties such as ductility, toughness, and fatigue strength compared to noncross‐linked materials. The purpose of this study was (a) to characterize the toughness (tensile and impact) of highly cross‐linked and remelted UHMWPE of varying doses (0–255 kGy) and (b) determine whether a correlation exists between both toughness measures. As radiation dose increased, tensile toughness and impact toughness were shown to decrease in a nonlinear fashion; largely a result of the decrease in ductility, which was also observed. Impact toughness and tensile toughness were also found to be strongly correlated to one another (R2 = 0.97). © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.
A lentiviral vector pseudotype suitable for vaccine development
Authors: Lopes Luciene , Dewannieux Marie , Takeuchi Yasuhiro , Collins Mary K. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBackgroundLentiviral vectors (LV) are promising vaccines because they transduce dendritic cells (DC) in vivo. To translate LV vaccines into clinical trials, bulk production will be necessary. The present study aimed to find a suitable envelope for LV vaccine production from stable packaging cells because the commonly used vesicular stomatitis virus envelope (VSV‐G) is cytotoxic.MethodsThe envelope from Ross river virus (RRV) was selected. It can infect mouse and human cells, allowing testing in animals before clinical translation. We used VSV‐G for comparison. Vectors produced with each envelope were titred on human 293T cells and mouse 3T3 cells.ResultsRRV‐pseudotyped LV (RRV‐LV) infected mouse myeloid DC in culture and immunized mice. An approximately 50‐fold higher dose of RRV‐LV than VSV‐G‐LV was required to generate a similar T cell response. The RRV‐LV could also be used to infect human mDC and to prime a human T cell immune response.ConclusionsRRV envelope is a suitable candidate to be used for the construction of an LV producer cell line. LV vaccines with RRV envelope can be tested in mice and in human immune cell cultures. The higher dose of RRV‐LV required for vaccine efficacy compared to VSV‐G‐LV will partly be offset by ease of production. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Scanning electron microscopic imaging of surface effects in desorption and nano‐desorption electrospray ionization
Authors: Kaftan Filip , Kofroňová Olga , Benada Oldřich , Lemr Karel , Havlíček Vladimír , Cvačka Josef , Volný Michael 
Published: March 2011

AbstractScanning electron microscopy was used to investigate rivulets that are formed on the analyzed surface during desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) experiment. Ferromagnetic nanoparticles added to the spray solvent in a form of colloid solution functioned as an additional surface probe. The existence of the rivulets was confirmed on glass and newly demonstrated on two different types of porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The results show that in standard DESI set‐up the rivulets are arranged into very regular shapes. Same rivulets were obtained in DESI experiments without high voltage on the sprayer. However, no such rivulets or any other regular patterns were found on a surface in nano‐DESI (nanospray DESI without the carrier nebulizing gas) experiments. This indicates that symmetrical rivulets are created by the hydrodynamical rather than electrostatic forces. It was also demonstrated that blocking the rivulets by a simple physical barrier did not influence known surface charging effects. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How to identify and discriminate between the methyl quinates of chlorogenic acids by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Jaiswal Rakesh , Kuhnert Nikolai 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe methyl esters of chlorogenic acids, methyl quinates, are widely distributed in plant materials and frequently appear as extraction artifacts in plant samples. This is the first time when liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry methods have been used for the identification and characterization of the methyl quinates. For this purpose, methyl quinates of mono caffeoylquinic acids and mono feruloylquinic acids were synthesized as authentic standards. The methyl quinates of mono and diacyl chlorogenic acids have shown characteristic fragmentation pattern in their tandem mass spectra. MSn + 1 spectra of the methyl quinates of diacyl chlorogenic acids were identical to MSn spectra of mono acyl derivatives. These quinates do not produce any methyl quinate peak at m/z 205 if compared with quinic acid peak at m/z 191 in negative ion mode. In the MSn spectra of these quinates, cinnamic acid part or cinnamoyl part was detected as a base peak in negative ion mode. The retention time, order of elution and fragmentation pattern were completely different if compared with LC–MSn methods developed for chlorogenic acids. These LC–MSn methods have been applied for the identification and regioisomeric characterization of the methyl quinates of chlorogenic acids in maté tea and woodruff (Galium odoratum). Two methyl caffeoylquinates (2 and 4) were identified as methyl 3‐caffeoylquinate and methyl 5‐caffeoylquinate. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Differentiation of human kidney stones induced by melamine and uric acid using surface desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Jia Bin , Ouyang Yongzhong , Sodhi Rana N. S. , Hu Bin , Zhang Tingting , Li Jianqiang , Chen Huanwen 
Published: March 2011

AbstractClinically obtained human kidney stones of different pathogenesis were dissolved in acetic acid/methanol solutions and then rapidly analyzed by surface desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (SDAPCI‐MS) without any desalination treatment. The mass spectral fingerprints of six groups of kidney stone samples were rapidly recorded in the mass range ofm/z50–400. A set of ten melamine‐induced kidney stone samples and nine uric acid derived kidney stone samples were successfully differentiated from other groups by principal component analysis of SDAPCI‐MS fingerprints upon positive‐ion detection mode. In contrast, the mass spectra recorded using negative‐ion detection mode did not give enough information to differentiate those stone samples. The results showed that in addition to the melamine, the chemical compounds enwrapped in the melamine‐induced kidney stone samples differed from other kidney stone samples, providing useful hints for studying on the formation mechanisms of melamine‐induced kidney stones. This study also provides useful information on establishing a MS‐based platform for rapid analysis of the melamine‐induced human kidney stones at molecular levels. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Selected reaction monitoring applied to proteomics
Authors: Gallien Sebastien , Duriez Elodie , Domon Bruno 
Published: March 2011

AbstractSelected reaction monitoring (SRM) performed on triple quadrupole mass spectrometers has been the reference quantitative technique to analyze small molecules for several decades. It is now emerging in proteomics as the ideal tool to complement shotgun qualitative studies; targeted SRM quantitative analysis offers high selectivity, sensitivity and a wide dynamic range. However, SRM applied to proteomics presents singularities that distinguish it from small molecules analysis. This review is an overview of SRM technology and describes the specificities and the technical aspects of proteomics experiments. Ongoing developments aiming at increasing multiplexing capabilities of SRM are discussed; they dramatically improve its throughput and extend its field of application to directed or supervised discovery experiments. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of triamcinolone in human plasma by a sensitive HPLC–ESI‐MS/MS method: application for a pharmacokinetic study using nasal spray formulation
Authors: César Isabela Costa , Byrro Ricardo Martins Duarte , de Santana e Silva Cardoso Fabiana Fernandes , Mundim Iram Moreira , de Souza Teixeira Leonardo , de Sousa Weidson Carlo , Gomes Sandro Antônio , Bellorio Karini Bruno , Brêtas Juliana Machado , Pianetti Gerson Antônio 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–ESI‐MS/MS) method for the quantitation of triamcinolone in human plasma after nasal spray application was developed and validated. Betamethasone was used as internal standard (IS). The analytes were extracted by a liquid–liquid procedure and separated on a Zorbax Eclipse XDB C18 column with a mobile phase composed of 2 mM aqueous ammonium acetate pH 3.2 and acetonitrile (55:45). Selected reaction monitoring was performed using the transitions m/z 435 → 415 and m/z 393 → 373 to quantify triamcinolone acetonide and betamethasone, respectively. Calibration curve was constructed over the range of 20–2000 pg/ml for triamcinolone acetonide. The lower limit of quantitation was 20 pg/ml. The mean RSD values were 4.6% and 5.7% for the intra‐run and inter‐run precision, respectively. The mean accuracy value was 98.5% and a recovery rate corresponding to 97.5% was achieved. No matrix effect was detected in the samples. The validated method was successfully applied to determine the plasma concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide in healthy volunteers, in a pharmacokinetic study with nasal spray formulation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry determination of polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in milk
Authors: Liu Xiujuan , Zhao Aijun , Zhang Aina , Liu Huanqiang , Xiao Wenjing , Wang Chengjun , Wang Xuedong 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAn effective multi‐residue pretreatment technique, solid‐phase extraction (SPE) combined with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME), was proposed for the trace analysis of 14 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in milk samples using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). Interesting analytes in milk samples were extracted with hexane after protein precipitation. The hexane extracts were loaded on an LC‐Florisil column to isolate analytes from the milk matrix. The elutes were dried and dissolved in acetone, which was used as the disperser solvent in subsequent DLLME procedures. The effects of several important parameters on the extraction efficiency were evaluated. Under the optimized conditions, a linear relationship was obtained in the range of 0.02–10.00 μg/L (PCBs) and 0.5–100.00 μg/L (PBDEs). The LOD (S/N=3) and relative standard deviations (RSDs, n=5) for all analytes were 0.01–0.4 μg/L and 0.6–8.5%, respectively. The recoveries of the standards added to raw bovine milk samples were 74.0–131.8%, and the repeatabilities of the analysis results were 1.12–17.41%. This method has been successfully applied to estimating PCBs and PBDEs in milk samples.