bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Department of Defense
Authors: Sandor Kristofer 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
The Department of Defense (DoD) plays a critical role in the U.S. strategy for bioterrorism defense, and is heavily engaged in every aspect of the field. DoD activities and programs have increased significantly in scope and complexity in response to both Cold War‐era biological threats and, more recently, rising terrorist interest in biological weapons. Such efforts also recognize that advances in science as well as the natural evolution of diseases pose a continued threat to both the U.S. public and its military. After nearly two decades of steady increases in funding and resources, the full scope of the Pentagon's activities are spread over several dozen separate DoD agencies and centers, and include joint efforts with civilian universities, other U.S. agencies, foreign governments, international organizations, and the private sector. This entry takes a brief, yet comprehensive, look at all aspects of DoD's bioterrorism defense strategy—including those elements traditionally overlooked—and provides a breakdown of the hierarchy of DoD bioterrorism defense. The current level of efforts indicates that the White House and Congress acknowledge the importance of bioterrorism defense and the Pentagon's role in it. Furthermore, the level of coordination between DoD entities and their counterparts in academia and public health both at home and abroad signify an understanding that bioterrorism defense is multi‐faceted, and needs to be addressed by all communities around the globe.
Department of Defense Policies on Force Health Protection: Medical Defense Against Biological Warfare Agents
Authors: Lebeda Frank J. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractForce health protection (FHP) defines the medical defense approaches to maintain the health of the men and women who serve in the U.S. Armed Forces, to minimize or eliminate casualties, and to provide superior casualty care. Medical defense against biological warfare (BW) agents, whether encountered on a battlefield or as a result of bioterrorism, forms an important part of this strategy. Today, FHP related to biodefense primarily involves developing effective countermeasures against BW agents, performing appropriate surveillance, performing occupational and environmental health risk assessments, and providing medical training. These and other aspects of FHP are discussed.
Maltreated Children's Memory of Stressful Removals from Their Biological Parents
Authors: Baugerud Gunn Astrid , Melinder Annika 
Published: July 2011

SummaryThe effects of stress on memory were examined through a study of 33 3 to 12‐year‐old maltreated children removed from their biological parents by the Child Protective Services because of an emergency (acute) or normal (planned) care order. Children's stress levels were rated by a researcher present during the removal and children's memory of the removal investigated at a later time. The type of removal significantly predicted children's level of stress. ‘Acute removal’ children remembered more from high‐stress phases of the removal than the ‘planned removal’ children. All children had more accurate memories of the low‐stress phases. Details remembered were rated as central or peripheral; more central information was recalled than peripheral information. The ‘acute removal’ children recalled more peripheral information from the high‐stress phases of the removal than the low‐stress phases, a difference, which was not present for the ‘planned removal’ children. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Association analyses of MAOA in Chinese Han subjects with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Family‐based association test, case–control study, and quantitative traits of impulsivity
Authors: Liu Lu , Guan Li‐Li , Chen Yun , Ji Ning , Li Hai‐Mei , Li Ze‐Hua , Qian Qiu‐Jin , Yang Li , Glatt Stephen J. , Faraone Stephen V. , Wang Yu‐Feng 
Published: July 2011

AbstractMonoamine oxidase A (MAOA) plays a critical role in the metabolism of monoamine neurotransmitters including serotonin (5‐HT), norepinephrine (NE), and dopamine (DA). Genetic studies have found an association between MAOA and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), especially impulsivity. However, there has been inconsistency among studies which may be due to the complexity and heterogeneity of ADHD, including its sexual dimorphism and the presence of several subtypes. We conducted transmission disequilibrium tests (TDTs) in 1,253 trios and found no association between five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MAOA with ADHD in general or in the predominantly inattentive (ADHD‐I) or combined types (ADHD‐C), but with the predominantly hyperactive/impulsivity type (ADHD‐HI). The association with MAOA was restricted to males, especially males with ADHD‐HI. Logistic regression analyses of data from 1,824 cases and 957 controls did not indicate any association. We used analysis of covariance to analyze the association between MAOA genotype with the “inhibit” factor of the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) in 640 probands and performance on the Stroop test in 810 probands. Probands homozygous for risk alleles found in the TDT test had higher “inhibit” scores on the BRIEF scale which represents more severe impulsivity; this results also was restricted to males. No association was found with Stroop test performance. In conclusion, our results provide some evidence that MAOA may be associated with the ADHD‐HI subtype and support the association between MAOA and impulsivity, which may be a potential endophenotype of ADHD. However, the results were strongly influenced by gender. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis of Some Pyrazolines and Pyrimidines Derived from Polymethoxy Chalcones as Anticancer and Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Rostom Sherif A.F. , Badr Mona H. , Abd El Razik Heba A. , Ashour Hayam M.A. , Abdel Wahab Abeer E. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe synthesis of a series of certain polymethoxy chalcones and some derived pyrazole, pyrimidine, and thiazolopyrimidine ring structures is reported. Eleven compounds 4, 6, 9, 11, 14–17, 22, 24, and 25 were selected by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) to be screened for their in‐vitro anticancer activity, whereas all the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in‐vitro antimicrobial activity. Compounds 4, 6, and 11 were found to possess a significant broad spectrum antitumor potential against most of the tested subpanel tumor cell lines. The pyrazolines 4 and 6 displayed remarkable growth inhibitory activities (GI50 MG‐MID values of 2.10 and 1.38 µM, respectively), together with moderate cytostatic effects (TGI MG‐MID values of 47.9 and 42.7 µM, respectively). Meanwhile, the pyrimidin‐2‐one 11 showed a noticeable overall tumor growth inhibitory activity, together with high cytostatic and cytotoxic efficacies (GI50, TGI and LC50 MG‐MID values of 3.39, 17.4, and 61.7 µM, respectively). On the other hand, compounds 3, 4, 13, 15, 19, 20, and 23 were found to be the most active antimicrobial members in this investigation with a broad spectrum of activity. Compound 23 was four times superior to ampicillin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The best antifungal activity was demonstrated by compounds 4, 5, and 11 which possessed almost half the activity of clotrimazole against Candida albicans. Collectively, the obtained biological results suggest that compound 4 could be considered as a possible dual antimicrobial‐anticancer agent.
The bioenergy and water nexus
Authors: Gheewala Shabbir H. , Berndes Göran , Jewitt Graham 
Published: July 2011

AbstractPromotion of energy from biomass for reducing greenhouse gas emissions has led to increased usage of freshwater, especially during the cultivation of biomass. This has raised concerns about the increase in water stress, particularly in countries that are already facing water shortages. Attempts are being made to characterize the effect of water demand induced inter alia by increased bioenergy usage. Also, alternatives are being developed to mitigate such impacts by improved management so that bioenergy can be beneficially utilized. Future studies on bioenergy will need to take into consideration the water aspect so that the trade‐offs between climate change mitigation and water stress are addressed. © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Water quality assessment of bioenergy production
Authors: Diaz‐Chavez Rocio , Berndes Göran , Neary Daniel , Elia Neto André , Fall Mamadou 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWater quality is a measurement of the biological, chemical, and physical characteristics of water against certain standards set to ensure ecological and/or human health. Biomass production and conversion to fuels and electricity can impact water quality in lakes, rivers, and aquifers with consequences for aquatic ecosystem health and also human water uses. Depending on how the bioenergy system is located and managed, it can lead to both water quality deterioration and to improvements. This review focuses on the effects of bioenergy on water quality, on ways to quantify these effects, and on options for reducing negative impacts. © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Synthesis of novel taspine diphenyl derivatives as fluorescence probes and inhibitors of breast cancer cell proliferation
Authors: He Huaizhen , Zhan Yingzhuan , Zhang Yanmin , Zhang Jie , He Langchong 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTTwo novel taspine diphenyl derivatives (Ta‐dD) were designed and synthesized by introducing different coumarin fluorescent groups into the basic structure of Ta‐dD. The main advantage of these two compounds is that they can be used as fluorescence probes and inhibitors simultaneously. In the present study, the fluorescent properties of the probes were measured and their inhibition of four breast cancer cell lines was tested. Different concentrations of the fluorescence probe were added to MCF‐7 breast cancer cells for fluorescence imaging analysis under normal conditions. The results suggested that both of the new compounds have not only fluorescence but also the ability to inhibit effects on different breast cancer cell lines, which indicates their possible further use as dual functional fluorescence probes in tracer analysis. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Public Health Approach to Safeguarding in the 21st Century
Authors: Barlow Jane , Calam Rachel 
Published: July 2011

Recent government policy has focused on the provision of a safe environment for all children. Parenting support is increasingly being recognised as a core method of safeguarding children, and this is of particular importance, given the widespread prevalence of maltreatment and poor parenting practices, the overwhelming number of child protection referrals and the inherent flaws in risk assessment. Until recently, there was no formulation of an overall model of practice based on these changes. In this paper, we present compelling reasons for believing that a public health approach to safeguarding is the only way of ensuring that all children are protected within a population, including children at high risk. The rationale for the delivery of such a model is presented alongside the application of one such evidence‐based population‐level strategy, which has been demonstrated to reduce population‐level indicators of maltreatment. Novel approaches to the delivery of parenting interventions including media‐based strategies are discussed in terms of their potential for reaching families who may be missed by traditional services. The economic aspects of a public health model are discussed, and their relevance for middle‐ and low‐income countries. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.‘Parenting support is increasingly being recognised as a core method of safeguarding children‘
Values as Predictors of Anticipated Socio‐cultural Adaptation Among Potential Migrants from Russia to Finland
Authors: Yijälä Anu , Lönnqvist Jan‐Erik , Jasinskaja‐Lahti Inga , Verkasalo Markku 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTThis study examined the role of value patterns of potential migrants from Russia to Finland (N = 229) in predicting expectations of post‐migration socio‐cultural adaptation. Furthermore, the fit between migrants' personal values and the values they expect to encounter in the new home country (i.e. perceived value congruence) was hypothesized to predict anticipated socio‐cultural adaptation (ASCA). The study took into account perceived cultural distance variables as well as socio‐demographic controls traditionally related to adaptation outcomes among migrants. According to the results, familiarity with the host country (i.e., the number of Finnish friends/relatives in Finland), the openness to change value and perceived value congruence significantly predicted potential migrants' ASCA. When using four sub‐scales (interpersonal relations, cognitive understanding, impersonal perils and bureaucracy) of the ASCA‐scale, a more complex picture emerged. The results suggest that future work should include values, particularly perceived value congruence, in the analysis of the cultural fit hypothesis, as well as find better means of supporting immigrant adjustment starting at the pre‐migration stage. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Scaffolding, Ladders, Chains, and Rare Ferrimagnetism in Intermetallic Borides: Electronic Structure Calculations and Magnetic Ordering.
Authors: Brgoch Jakoah , Goerens Christian , Fokwa Boniface P. T. , Miller Gordon J. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe electronic structures of “Ti9‐nFe2+nRu18B8” (n = 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3), including the recently synthesized compounds Ti9‐nFe2+nRu18B8 (n = 1, 2), are determined by TB‐LMTO‐ASA computations.
ChemInform Abstract: Semiclathrates of the Ge—P—Te System: Synthesis and Crystal Structures.
Authors: Kirsanova Maria A. , Reshetova Luidmila N. , Olenev Andrei V. , Abakumov Artem M. , Shevelkov Andrei V. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe new compounds Ge30.40P15.60Te5.92, Ge31.2P14.8Te6.68, Ge31.3P14.7Te7.35, and Ge32.1P13.9Te7.75 with clathrate‐like structures are synthesized from mixtures of the elements using the standard ampule technique with sulfur as transport agent (silica tube, 600—1000 °C).
ChemInform Abstract: Borotungstate Polyoxometalates: Multinuclear NMR Structural Characterization and Conversions in Solutions.
Authors: Maksimovskaya Raisa I. , Maksimov Gennadii M. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe heteropolyanions [H3BW13O46]8‐ (I) and [HBW11O39]8‐ (II) are identified in aqueous solutions at pH 5—7.5 by 17O and 183W NMR spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Nanostructured MgFe2O4 as Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries.
Authors: Sivakumar N. , Gnanakan S. R. P. , Karthikeyan K. , Amaresh S. , Yoon W. S. , Park G. J. , Lee Y. S. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe electrochemical behavior of nanocrystalline MgFe2O4 as anode material for lithium ion batteries is characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of the Missing Oxide of Xenon, XeO2, and Its Implications for Earth′s Missing Xenon.
Authors: Brock David S. , Schrobilgen Gary J. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractXeO2 is synthesized by addition of crystalline XeF4 to either water or aqueous H2SO4 solution at 0 °C.
ChemInform Abstract: Controlled Synthesis of CdSe Quantum Dots by a Microwave‐Enhanced Process: A Green Approach for Mass Production.
Authors: Worku Delele Worku , Chen Hung‐Ming , Su Wei‐Nien , Pan Chun‐Jern , Chen Liang‐Yih , Chou Hung‐Lung , Cheng Ju‐Hsiang , Hwang Bing‐Joe , Lee Jyh‐Fu 
Published: July 2011

AbstractHigh‐quality CdSe quantum dots are synthesized by microwave heating of aqueous solutions containing Cd(OAc)2, Na2SeSO3, NaOH, EtOH, and oleic acid (40—120 °C, 1—15 min, 80—140 W).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of the Hydroxide Cluster [Al13(μ3‐OH)6(μ‐OH)18 (H2O)24]15+ from an Aqueous Solution.
Authors: Wang Wei , Wentz Katherine M. , Hayes Sophia E. , Johnson Darren W. , Keszler Douglas A. 
Published: July 2011

Abstract[Al13(μ3‐OH)6(μ‐OH)18 (H2O)24](NO3)15 is synthesized by treatment of an aqueous solution of Al(NO3)3 with Zn metal powder (Al:Zn = 2:1) at room temperature (55% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Eu3+:Y2O3 Microspheres and Microcubes: A Supercritical Synthesis and Characterization.
Authors: Devaraju M. Kempaiah , Yin Shu , Sato Tsugio 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe title compound is synthesized by reaction of Y(NO3)3 and Eu(NO3)3 in mixed supercritical solvents (pH 7 adjusted with KOH, 400 °C, 40 MPa, 10 min), followed by calcination at 1000 °C (1 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Two New Bismuth Hydroxyl Borates Containing [Bi2O2]2+ Layers: Bi2O2[B3O5(OH)] and Bi2O2[BO2(OH)].
Authors: Cong Rihong , Sun Junliang , Yang Tao , Li Mingrun , Liao Fuhui , Wang Yingxia , Lin Jianhua 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe title compounds are synthesized by hydrothermal reaction of Bi2O3 (≈2 mmol) with 15 equiv.
ChemInform Abstract: K(NpO2)3(H2O)Cl4: A Channel Structure Assembled by Two‐ and Three‐Center Cation—Cation Interactions of Neptunyl Cations.
Authors: Wang Shuao , Alekseev Evgeny V. , Depmeier Wulf , Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe title compound is synthesized by reacting NpCl5 with KCl in molten H3BO3 (autoclave, 220 °C, 3 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Cation—Cation Interactions: Crystal Structures of Neptunyl(V) Selenate Hydrates, (NpO2)2(SeO4)(H2O)n (n = 1, 2, and 4).
Authors: Jin Geng Bang , Skanthakumar S. , Soderholm L. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractGreen crystals of (NpO2)2(SeO4)(H2O)4 (I), (NpO2)2(SeO4)(H2O)2 (II), and (NpO2)2(SeO4)(H2O) (III) are hydrothermally synthesized from mixtures of Na2SeO4 in 2 M aq.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphane‐Catalyzed Umpolung Addition Reaction of Nucleophiles to Ethyl 2‐Methyl‐2,3‐butadienoate.
Authors: Guan Xiao‐Yang , Wei Yin , Shi Min 
Published: July 2011

AbstractOxygen, nitrogen, and carbon nucleophiles give with dienoate (II) under phosphane catalysis the corresponding umpolung addition products with high (E)‐selectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Beckmann Rearrangement of Aryl Ketoximes Catalyzed by In(OTf)3 in Ionic Liquid.
Authors: Sugamoto Kazuhiro , Matsushita Yoh‐ichi , Matsui Takanao 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe Beckmann rearrangement can be performed in ionic liquids using In(OTf)3 as catalyst under microwave irradiation.
ChemInform Abstract: A Green and Selective Synthesis of 2‐Aryloxazines and 2‐Aryltetrahydropyrimidines.
Authors: Mohammadpoor‐Baltork Iraj , Moghadam Majid , Tangestaninejad Shahram , Mirkhani Valiollah , Eskandari Zohre 
Published: July 2011

AbstractTested clays are montmorillonite K‐10 and KSF, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalyst‐Controlled Wacker‐Type Oxidation of Homoallylic Alcohols in the Absence of Protecting Groups.
Authors: McCombs Jessica R. , Michel Brian W. , Sigman Matthew S. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIn the presence of tBuOOH and the catalyst system, various homoallylic alcohols undergo selective oxidation to β‐hydroxyketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Bromineless Bromine as an Efficient Desulfurizing Agent for the Preparation of Cyanamides and 2‐Aminothiazoles from Dithiocarbamate Salts.
Authors: Yella Ramesh , Kavala Veerababurao , Patel Bhisma K. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractStarting from dithiocarbamic acid salts (I) cyanamides (II) and 2‐aminothiazoles of type (IV), (VI), (VIII), or (X) are prepared using EDPBT as desulfurizing agent.
ChemInform Abstract: Ligands for Copper‐Catalyzed C—N Bond Forming Reactions with 1 Mol% CuBr as Catalyst.
Authors: Yang Kai , Qui Yatao , Li Zheng , Wang Zhaoyang , Jiang Sheng 
Published: July 2011

AbstractSmall amounts of CuBr and 8‐hydroxyquinoline‐N‐oxide efficiently promote the coupling of aryl iodides, bromides, and chlorides with various amines.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkyloximes and Imines via Silyl Carbamates.
Authors: Kardon Ferenc , Moertl Maria , Csampai Antal , Ujszaszy Kalman , Knausz Dezsoe 
Published: July 2011

AbstractN‐methoxy‐carbamate (II) converts oxo compounds to O‐methyl oximes whereas N‐methyl‐carbamate (X) reacts to give the corresponding imines.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Diimine: A Highly Selective Catalyst System for the Base‐Free Oxidative Heck Reaction.
Authors: Gottumukkala Aditya L. , Teichert Johannes F. , Heijnen Dorus , Eisink Niek , van Dijk Simon , Ferrer Catalina , van den Hoogenband Adri , Minnaard Adriaan J. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractPd(OAc)2 in combination with IMI is highly efficient for the reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Asymmetric Direct Aldol Reactions of Trifluoroacetaldehyde Ethyl Hemiacetal with Aromatic Methyl Ketones.
Authors: Funabiki Kazumasa , Itoh Yuya , Kubota Yasuhiro , Matsui Masaki 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe derivatives (VI), (VII) and (IX) also undergo highly enantioselective aldol reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: New Example of Uncommon Reaction of 2‐Chloroalkanoyl Chlorides with Dichloroethylene.
Authors: Kobelevskaya V. V. , Rudyakova E. V. , Albanov A. I. , Samul'tsev D. O. , Levkovskaya G. G. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe products are partially separable by distillation [for product (IV), no yield given].
ChemInform Abstract: A Recyclable Organocatalyst for Asymmetric Michael Addition of Acetone to Nitroolefins.
Authors: Lu Aidang , Liu Tao , Wu Ronghua , Wang Youming , Wu Guipeng , Zhou Zhenghong , Fang Jianxin , Tang Chuchi 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe thiophosphoramide is a highly efficient catalyst for the enantioselective addition of acetone and other ketones to both aromatic and aliphatic nitroolefins.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu(I)‐Catalyzed Coupling Reactions of Fluorinated Imidoyl Halides with Terminal Alkynes: Convenient Synthesis of Fluorinated Alkynyl Imines.
Authors: Li Shan , Zhu Jiangtao , Xie Haibo , Chen Zixian , Wu Yongming 
Published: July 2011

AbstractStarting material bearing a trifluoromethyl instead of a bromodifluoromethyl group is also suitable but requires due to its poorer reactivity one equivalent of copper iodide.
ChemInform Abstract: Approaches to the Synthesis of 2,3‐Dihaloanilines. Useful Precursors of 4‐Functionalized‐1H‐indoles.
Authors: Guilarte Veronica , Castroviejo M. Pilar , Garcia‐Garcia Patricia , Fernandez‐Rodriguez Manuel A. , Sanz Roberto 
Published: July 2011

AbstractDifferent method to prepare 2,3‐dihaloanilines are reported including Smiles rearrangement of ethers of type (IX).
ChemInform Abstract: First Example of the Synthesis of Bis(2‐hydroxyethyl)dithioacetals from Nitrobenzaldehydes and Mercaptoethanol in the Presence of Methylchlorosilanes.
Authors: Papernaya L. K. , Shatrova A. A. , Albanov A. I. , Levkovskaya G. G. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe reaction proceeds with self‐heating under solvent‐free conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐Free, Microwave‐Assisted, One‐Pot Synthesis of 2‐Acetyl‐N,3‐diaryl‐4‐nitrobutanamides.
Authors: Yavari Issa , Beheshti Saeideh , Hossaini Zinatossadat , Souri Sanaz 
Published: July 2011

Abstract10 Title compounds of type (IV) are prepared by a solvent‐free, microwave‐assisted synthesis.
ChemInform Abstract: Difunctionalization of Arenes and Heteroarenes by Directed Metallation and Sulfoxide—Magnesium Exchange.
Authors: Melzig Laurin , Rauhut Christian B. , Naredi‐Rainer Nikolaus , Knochel Paul 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAfter quenching with an electrophile, the resulting sulfoxide is converted into a second magnesium reagent with iPrMgCl·LiCl (sulfoxide—magnesium exchange), which can be trapped with various electrophiles.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Triphenylamine‐Modified Arylates and Ketones via Suzuki Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Wang Jian , Yang Chang‐Jian , Peng Hua‐Nan , Deng Yang‐Sheng , Gao Xi‐Cun 
Published: July 2011

Abstract8 Triphenylamine derivatives of type (VI) or (VIII) are prepared under optimum reaction conditions.