bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sema4D deficiency results in an increase in the number of oligodendrocytes in healthy and injured mouse brains
Authors: Taniguchi Yoshitaka , Amazaki Mayumi , Furuyama Tatsuo , Yamaguchi Wataru , Takahara Mizue , Saino Orie , Wada Takeshi , Niwa Hitoshi , Tashiro Fumi , Miyazaki Jun‐ichi , Kogo Mikihiko , Matsuyama Tomohiro , Inagaki Shinobu 
Published: May 2009

AbstractSemaphorins, a family of secreted and membrane‐bound proteins, are known to function as repulsive axon guidance molecules. Sema4D, a class 4 transmembrane‐type semaphorin, is expressed by oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system, but its role is unknown. In this study, the effects of Sema4D deficiency on oligodendrocytes were studied in intact and ischemic brains of adult mice. As observed in previous studies, Sema4D marked by β‐galactosidase in Sema4D mutant mice was localized exclusively on myelin‐associated glycoprotein (MAG)‐positive oligodendrocytes but not on NG2‐positive oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). Although there was no difference in the number of the latter cells between Sema4D‐deficient and wild‐type mice, the number of MAG‐positive cells was significantly increased in the cerebral cortex of both nonischemic and postischemic brains of Sema4D‐deficient mice. Cell proliferation, observed by using bromodeoxyuridine incorporation, was evident in the MAG‐positive cells that developed after cerebral ischemia. These data indicate that Sema4D is involved in oligodendrogenesis during development and during recovery from ischemic injury. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Amelioration of enteric neuropathology in a mouse model of Niemann‐Pick C by Npc1 expression in enteric glia
Authors: Kapur Raj , Donohue Carolyn , Jelinek David , Erickson Robert P. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractNiemann‐Pick C (NPC) disease is an autosomal recessive, lethal, neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in NPC1. By using the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) promoter, we demonstrated previously that astrocyte‐specific expression of Npc1 decreased neuronal storage of cholesterol in Npc1−/− mice; reduced numbers of axonal spheroids; and produced less degeneration of neurons, reactive astrocytes, and loss of myelin tracts in the central nervous system. GFAP‐Npc1, Npc1−/− mice exhibited markedly enhanced survival, and death was not associated with the severe terminal weight loss observed in Npc1−/− mice. Intestinal transit is delayed in Npc1−/− mice but is normal in GFAP‐NPC1, Npc1−/− until late in the course of their disease. Because glia play an important role in the enteric nervous system, we studied morphology and cholesterol content of intestines from Npc1−/− mice and examined the effect of GFAP‐promoted restoration of Npc1 in enteric glia. Although the number of neurons was not altered, the total amount of cholesterol stored in the small intestine was decreased, as were the number of neurons with inclusions and the number of inclusions per neuron. We conclude that expression of Npc1 by enteric glial cells can ameliorate the enteric neuropathology, and we speculate that dysfunction of the enteric nervous system contributes to the retarded intestinal transit, weight loss, and demise of Npc1−/− mice. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Glutamatergic neurotransmission in the procerebrum (Olfactory center) of a terrestrial mollusk
Authors: Matsuo Ryota , Kobayashi Suguru , Watanabe Satoshi , Namiki Shigeyuki , Iinuma Sho , Sakamoto Hirokazu , Hirose Kenzo , Ito Etsuro 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe terrestrial slug Limax has the ability to learn odor associations. This ability depends on the function of the procerebrum, the secondary olfactory center in the brain. Among the various neurotransmitters that are thought to be involved in the function of the procerebrum, glutamate is one of the most important molecules. However, the existence and function of glutamate in this system have been proposed solely on the basis of a few lines of indirect evidence from pharmacological experiments. In the present study, we demonstrated the existence and release of glutamate as a neurotransmitter in the procerebrum of Limax, by using three different techniques: 1) immunohistochemistry of glutamate, 2) in situ hybridization to mRNA of the vesicular glutamate transporter, and 3) real‐time imaging of glutamate release within the procerebrum using the glutamate optical sensor EOS2. The release of glutamate within the cell mass layer of the procerebrum was synchronized with oscillation of the local field potential and had the same physiological properties as this oscillation; both were blocked by a serotonin antagonist and were propagated in an apical to basal direction in the procerebrum. Our observations suggest strongly that the oscillation of the local field potential is driven by the glutamate released by bursting neurons in the procerebrum. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Towards a multi‐foci approach to workplace aggression: A meta‐analytic review of outcomes from different perpetrators
Authors: Hershcovis M. Sandy , Barling Julian 
Published: May 2009

AbstractUsing meta‐analysis, we compare three attitudinal outcomes (i.e., job satisfaction, affective commitment, and turnover intent), three behavioral outcomes (i.e., interpersonal deviance, organizational deviance, and work performance), and four health‐related outcomes (i.e., general health, depression, emotional exhaustion, and physical well being) of workplace aggression from three different sources: Supervisors, co‐workers, and outsiders. Results from 66 samples show that supervisor aggression has the strongest adverse effects across the attitudinal and behavioral outcomes. Co‐worker aggression had stronger effects than outsider aggression on the attitudinal and behavioral outcomes, whereas there was no significant difference between supervisor, co‐worker, and outsider aggression for the majority of the health‐related outcomes. These results have implications for how workplace aggression is conceptualized and measured, and we propose new research questions that emphasize a multi‐foci approach. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characteristics of monsoon precipitation systems in and around Bangladesh
Authors: Rafiuddin M. , Uyeda Hiroshi , Islam M. Nazrul 
Published: May 2009

AbstractCharacteristics of precipitation systems in and around Bangladesh are analysed using 6 years of radar data from the Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD). Precipitation systems are classified as arc, line, or scattered types according to their shape; then as small, medium, or large according to their length; and as stationary, slow, or fast according to their propagation speed. Arc‐, line‐, and scattered‐type systems are found 230 (29%), 117 (15%), and 442 (56%) times, respectively, from April to September during the analysis period (2000–2005). These arc‐, line‐, and scattered‐type systems have average speeds of 11.0, 7.1, and 5.8 m/s, horizontal lengths of 185, 184, and 268 km, and approximate lifetimes of 4.3, 4.0, and 4.8 h, respectively. Scattered‐type systems dominate in the monsoon period (June, July, August, and September), while arc‐type systems dominate in the pre‐monsoon period (April and May). Line‐type systems occur with nearly equal frequency in both periods. The monsoon systems are large and stationary or slow moving. In contrast, pre‐monsoon systems are small and fast moving. Pre‐monsoon systems propagate southeastward whereas monsoon systems propagate to the northeast, northwest, or southeast. A large number of systems occur in the southern, eastern, and northern parts of Bangladesh. Of the 442 scattered‐type systems, 244 are scattered‐type systems having wide areal coverage (SWAC), which extends out of radar range, and speeds too small to calculate. About 97% of SWACs develop during the monsoon period and contribute greatly to monsoon rainfall in this region. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
Glenoid loosening after total shoulder arthroplasty: An in vitro CT‐scan study
Authors: Gregory Thomas , Hansen Ulrich , Taillieu Fabienne , Baring Toby , Brassart Nicolas , Mutchler Céline , Amis Andrew , Augereau Bernard , Emery Roger 
Published: May 2009

AbstractGlenoid fixation failure has only been grossly characterized. This lack of information hinders attempts to improve fixation because of a lack of methodologies for detecting and monitoring fixation failure. Our goal was twofold: to collect detailed data of glenoid fixation fracture, and to investigate computed tomography (CT)‐scanning as a tool for investigations of fixation failure. Six cadaver scapulas and six bone‐substitute specimens were cyclically loaded and CT‐scanned at clinical settings after 0, 1,000, 5,000, 10,000, 30,000, 50,000 and 70,000 load cycles. The fixation status was evaluated by inspection of the scans. After 70,000 cycles, the specimens were sectioned, and the fixation inspected by microscopy. The results of the microscopy analysis were compared to the CT‐scan analysis. Fracture of the glenoid fixation initiated at the edge of the glenoid rim and propagated towards and around the keel of the implant. The entire process from initiation to complete fracture took place at the polyethylene implant–cement interface, while the cement, the adjacent bone, and the cement–bone interface remained intact. Thus, strengthening the polyethylene–cement interface should improve glenoid fixation. Microscopy results validated the CT methodology, suggesting that the CT technique is reliable. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:1589–1595, 2009
Berberine inhibits Staphylococcus Epidermidis adhesion and biofilm formation on the surface of titanium alloy
Authors: Wang Xiaoqing , Qiu Shijing , Yao Xiao , Tang Tingting , Dai Kerong , Zhu Zhen'an 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBiofilm formed by Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) is a common cause of periprosthetic infection. Recently, we have discovered that berberine is bacteriostatic for S. epidermidis. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of berberine on S. epidermidis adhesion and biofilm formation on the surface of titanium alloy, which is a popular material for orthopedic joint prostheses. Three strains of S. epidermidis (ATCC 35984, ATCC 12228, and SE 243) were used for in vitro experiment. Direct colony counting showed that berberine significantly inhibited S. epidermidis adhesion on the titanium alloy disk in 2 h at the concentration of 45 µg/mL. When examined with crystal violet staining, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, we found that higher concentrations (>30 µg/mL) of berberine effectively prevented the formation of S. epidermidis biofilm on the surface of the titanium disk in 24 h. These findings suggest that berberine is a potential agent for the treatment of periprosthetic infection. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:1487–1492, 2009
A meta‐analysis of design‐ and manufacturing‐related parameters influencing the wear behavior of metal‐on‐metal hip joint replacements
Authors: Kretzer Jan Philippe , Kleinhans Jennifer A. , Jakubowitz Eike , Thomsen Marc , Heisel Christian 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis article aims to clarify the influence of design‐ and manufacturing‐related parameters on wear of metal‐on‐metal (MoM) joint bearings. A database search for publications on wear simulator studies of MoM bearings was performed. The results of published studies were normalized; groups with individual parameters were defined and analyzed statistically. Fifty‐six investigations studying a total of 200 implants were included in the analysis. Clearance, head size, carbon content, and manufacturing method were analyzed as parameters influencing MoM wear. This meta‐analysis revealed a strong influence of clearance on running‐in wear for implants of 36‐mm diameter and an increase in steady‐state wear of heat treated components. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:1473–1480, 2009
Influence of Quercus ilex trees on herbaceous production and nutrient concentrations in southern PortugalElena Cubera1, 2
Authors: Manuel Nunes Jorge , Madeira Manuel , Gazarini Luíz 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn an open woodland in Portugal, the nature of interactions between Quercus ilex trees and herbaceous plants was assessed during 2 years by studying how manipulation of incident solar radiation, water and nutrient supply affect the herbaceous biomass and N, K, P, Ca, Mg, and Mn concentrations. Measurements were carried out in three environments consisting of (1) open grassland, (2) beneath the tree canopy, and (3) under artificial shade. Each of these environments was subjected to two regimes of fertilization and two water levels in a factorial design. The fertilizer treatment consisted of application of no fertilizer or a combination of 200 kg calcium ammonium nitrate ha–1 (26% N) and 350 kg superphosphate ha–1 (8% P), while the water‐supply treatment consisted of either no irrigation or irrigation fortnightly from February 1 to April 30. Grasses showed significantly lower nutrient concentrations than forbs. However, nutrient concentrations of the whole herbaceous community were within the recommended ranges for cattle nutrition. A negative effect of shade on herbaceous biomass production was observed. The effect of watering on herbaceous biomass was less prominent than the effect of fertilization, irrespective of the environment, suggesting that Q. ilex does not compete for soil‐water resources with herbaceous biomass in this ecosystem. Fertilization increased total biomass by 106%, 49%, and 97% in the open grassland, beneath the tree canopy, and under artificial shade, respectively. During the first and second year, fertilization increased herbaceous P concentrations by 24% and 83%, respectively, if compared with concentrations obtained at the unfertilized plots. Higher K and Mg concentrations were observed in herbaceous plants beneath the tree canopy than in the open areas, indicating a positive effect of trees on pasture quality. The positive and negative effects of trees on understory forage are discussed.
A multi‐proxy palaeoecological and palaeoclimatic record within full glacial lacustrine deposits, western Tennessee, USA
Authors: Grimley David A. , Larsen Daniel , Kaplan Samantha W. , Yansa Catherine H. , Curry B. Brandon , Oches Eric A. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe Fulton Section, along the Mississippi River in western Tennessee, USA, is a 1 km continuous exposure (∼20 m vertically) of Quaternary fluvial and lacustrine deposits, inset within Eocene sediments and buried by thick loess. Fossiliferous slackwater lake sediments record maximum aggradation during the last two major glaciations, with deposition between ca. 190–140 ka and 24– 1814C ka BP, based on amino acid and radiocarbon chronology, respectively. During the onset of full glacial conditions (ca. 24–2214C ka BP), a relatively permanent shallow lake environment is indicated by ostracods, aquatic molluscs, and both pollen and macrofossils of aquatic plants. By 21.814C ka BP, increasing emergent plants, amphibious gastropods (Pomatiopsis) and heavierδ18O compositions suggest marsh‐like conditions in a periodically drying lake. The surrounding uplands consisted ofPicea–Pinuswoodlands mixed with cool‐temperate hardwoods (e.g.Quercus,Populus,Carya), grasses and herbs. More open conditions ensued ca. 2014C ka BP, with loess and slopewash gradually infilling the former lake by 1814C ka BP. Modern analogue analyses of ostracods and palaeontological evidence imply a full glacial climate similar to today's mixed‐boreal zone in central Minnesota, USA, about 9°C cooler in mean annual temperature than present‐day western Tennessee. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Holocene relative sea‐level changes in Harris, Outer Hebrides, Scotland, UK
Authors: Jordan Jason T. , Smith David E. , Dawson Sue , Dawson Alastair G. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractEvidence for relative sea‐level changes during the middle and late Holocene is examined from two locations on the Atlantic coast of Harris, Outer Hebrides, Scotland, using morphological mapping and survey, stratigraphical, grain size and diatom analysis, and radiocarbon dating. The earliest event identified is a marine flood, which occurred after 7982–8348 cal. a (7370 ± 80 14C a) BP, when the sea crossed a threshold lying at −0.08 m Ordnance Datum Newlyn (OD) (−2.17 m mean high water springs (MHWS)) before withdrawing. This could have been due to a storm or to the Holocene Storegga Slide tsunami. By 6407–6122 cal. a (5500 ± 60 14C a) BP, relative sea levels had begun to fall from a sandflat surface with an indicated MHWS level of between 0.08 and −1.96 m (−2.01 to −4.05 m). This fall reached between −0.30 and −2.35 m (−2.39 to −4.44 m) after 5841–5050 cal. a (4760 ± 130 14C a) BP, but was succeeded by a relative sea‐level rise which reached between 0.54 and −1.57 m (−1.55 to −3.66 m) by 5450–4861 cal. a (4500 ± 100 14C a) BP. This rise continued, possibly with an interruption, until a second sandflat surface was reached between 2.34 and −0.26 m (0.25 to −2.35 m) between 2952–3375 cal. a (3000 ± 80 14C a) and 1948–2325 cal. a (2130 ± 70 14C a) BP, before present levels were reached. The regressive episode from the earliest sandflat is correlated with the abandonment of the Main Postglacial Shoreline. It is maintained that the fluctuations in relative sea level recorded can be correlated with similar events elsewhere on the periphery of the glacio‐isostatic centre and may therefore reflect secular changes in nearshore sea surface levels. Despite published evidence from trim lines of differential ice sheet loading across the area, no evidence of variations in uplift between the locations concerned could be found. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structure and vibrational analysis of 1‐hydroxy naphthalene based on density functional theory calculations
Authors: Krishnakumar V. , Mathammal R. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe solid phase mid‐FTIR and FT‐Raman spectra of 1‐hydroxy naphthalene (HNP) were recorded in the regions 4000–400 and 4000–50 cm, respectively. The spectra were interpreted with the help of normal coordinate analysis following full structure optimization and force field calculations based on the density functional theory (DFT) using the standard B3LYP/6‐31G** method and basis set combination. The results of the calculations were applied to simulate infrared and Raman spectra of the title compound which showed excellent agreement with the observed spectra. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inclusion compounds of phenol derivatives with cyclodextrins: a combined spectroscopic and thermal analysis
Authors: Sardo Mariana , Amado Ana M. , Ribeiro‐Claro Paulo J. A. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractInclusion compounds involving α‐, β‐ and γ‐cyclodextrins (α‐, β‐ and γCD) and phenol derivatives, namely 3‐methoxyphenol (3MeOPh), 2‐methoxyphenol (2MeOPh) and 3‐methylphenol (3MePh), were investigated and characterized by combining Raman spectroscopy, ab initio calculations, DSC and TG analysis.The effects of the inclusion process on the guest molecules and on the hydrogen bond interactions of the guests were studied by monitoring sensitive modes, such as CC and CH ring stretching modes. Moreover, the combined use of the data available from Raman spectra, computational methods and the known x‐ray structures of similar compounds, allowed the proposal of most probable structures for the αCD inclusion compounds.Both inclusion compounds of meta‐substituted guests in αCD present unusual 1:2 or 2:3 stoichiometries. The Raman spectra of these inclusion compounds reveal the split of several modes, spread over the entire spectral range, indicating the presence of guest molecules inside and outside the CD cavity. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Creating maximum coherence using chirped pulses without adiabatic elimination of excited states
Authors: Malinovsky Vladimir S. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractWe demonstrate the adiabatic passage based method to maximize coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering coherence. We present numerical results of the roof scheme implementation without making an assumption of adiabatic elimination of detuned excited electronic states. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Formation and Raman scattering of seed‐like ZnO nanostructure
Authors: Lo Shih‐Shou , Huang, Dison , Tu Chun‐Hsiang , Jan Der‐Jun 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis work demonstrates seed‐like ZnO nanostructure aggregated with nano‐entities using the colloid chemical method. The formation mechanism and optical properties of the ZnO nanostructure are studied. The X‐ray diffraction spectrum indicates that the ZnO nanostructures are polycrystalline pure wurtzite phase. Multiphonon processes in the nanostructure are identified from the Raman scattering spectra in the spectral range of 300–2000 cm−1. A strong violet photoluminescence band emission was visible in the room temperature photoluminescence spectra. This work determines the quality of such crystals and extends the optical applications of ZnO nanostructures. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Essential elements and contaminants in tissues of commercial pelagic fish from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Ersoy Beyza , Çelik Mehmet 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: It is important to determine the concentrations of essential and non‐essential metals in fish for human health. The essential elements and contaminants (Pb and Cd) were determined seasonally in the muscle and liver of some pelagic fish species round herring (Etrumeus teres), chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus), golden grey mullet (Liza aurata) and Mediterranean horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus) from the Iskenderun Bay, Eastern Mediterranean Sea.RESULTS: The Na, K, Ca and Mg were the most abundant elements in muscle and liver tissues. The Na, K, Ca and Mg concentrations in fish tissues were between 51.7 and 3426 mg kg−1. Muscle accumulated the lowest levels of elements. Trace element and contaminant levels in muscle were highest in spring and summer. The Cu, Zn and Cr concentrations were highest in summer. The Ni, Mn and Fe concentrations were highest in spring. The maximum Pb concentrations in the muscle and liver of fish species was 0.39 and 0.80 mg kg−1 in autumn. The maximum Cd concentration in the muscle of fish was 0.27 mg kg−1 in spring and the maximum Cd concentration in the liver was 0.78 mg kg−1 in summer.CONCLUSION: The Cr, Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn levels in muscle were found to be lower than permissible limits reported by various authorities. Estimated weekly and daily intake for Pb and Cd by consumption of fish muscle were far below the PTWI and PTDI values established by FAO/WHO. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry