bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF HOST TREE ACTIVITY ON THE RATE OF YOLK PROTEIN DEPOSITION IN DENDROCTONUS RUFIPENNIS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)
Authors: Sahota T. S. , Ibaraki A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractComparison of yolk protein deposition rates as inferred from rates of leucine incorporation in ovarial yolk proteins was made between Dendroctonus rufipennis caged on living white spruce trees and freshly cut logs of the same species. Samples coinciding with resin exudation into the beetle galleries by the living tree revealed significant inhibition of this rate as compared with that observed on cut logs. These results constitute a clear example of the effect of a specific event in the tree on the reproductive processes of the adult beetle. Advantages of measuring rate of yolk deposition over counting total oviposition for determining the effect of various factors on reproduction are discussed.
OBSERVATIONS ON DISTRIBUTION, SEASONAL LIFE HISTORY, AND ABUNDANCE OF FLEA BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) THAT INFEST RAPE CROPS IN MANITOBA
Authors: Wylie H. G. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPhyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze) was usually the most abundant flea beetle on crops of Argentine rape, Brassica napus L., in Manitoba, followed in order by Phyllotreta striolata (F.) and Psylliodes punctulata Melsh. These three species and small numbers of Phyllotreta bipustulata (F.) were present on volunteer rape in the spring. A few specimens of a fifth rape-eating species, Phyllotreta robusta Lee, were trapped in April after hibernating. The three main species were recorded in all 16 localities in which samples of flea beetles on rape crops and/or volunteer rape were collected. Details of seasonal life history of each species are presented, as well as data on the abundance of the three main species throughout the year on rape crops, in overwintering habitats and on volunteer rape in spring. The relative abundance of P. cruciferae, P. striolata, and Ps. punctulata in different rape-growing areas of Manitoba is discussed.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SPRUCE BEETLE (COLEOPTERA) INFESTATION IN FELLED WHITE SPRUCE IN ALASKA
Authors: Furniss Malcolm M. , Baker Bruce H. , Werner Richard A. , Yarger Larry C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe antiaggregation pheroraone MCH was ineffective in preventing spruce beetle infestation in felled spruce near Hope, Alaska. In October, most progeny were larvae but some were pupae and new adults. Densities of spruce beetle attacks and progeny on the shaded under side of stems were about twice those on the upper side, whereas attacks of Polygraphus rufipennis (Kirby) and Dryocoetes affaber (Mann.) on the upper side were 100 times those on the under side. Ips tridens engelmanni Swain was present in only 2% of bark samples. Entomophagous insects were scarce; only Medetera sp. and Coeloides sp. were found. Spruce beetle progeny were 45 times more abundant than attacking parents. Factors affecting the efficiency of sampling spruce beetle attacks and progeny are discussed.
EFFECTS OF INSECT GROWTH REGULATORS ON THE WESTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM (CHORISTONEURA OCCIDENTALIS) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE): II. FECUNDITY AND FERTILITY REDUCTION FOLLOWING LAST INSTAR TREATMENTS
Authors: Robertson Jacqueline L. , Kimball Richard A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe fecundity and fertility of parent adult western spruce budworm, Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman, which survived treatment with IGRs in their last larval stage was assessed. With few exceptions, IGR treatment significantly reduced both reproductive factors regardless of whether the male or female parent had been treated. A simple model estimating population reduction in the F1-generation based on lethal and reproductive effects on the parents is described. If IGRs were applied at a dosage of 154 g/ha (ca. 2 oz/acre), the estimated percentages of F1 reduction which would result ranged from 74.6 (ZR-515) to 99+ (ZR-512 and Ro 10-3108 (oil)).
VERNAL MIGRATION OF THE MONARCH BUTTERFLY (DANAUS P. PLEXIPPUS, LEPIDOPTERA: DANAIDAE) IN NORTH AMERICA FROM THE OVERWINTERING SITE IN THE NEO-VOLCANIC PLATEAU OF MEXICO
Authors: Urquhart F. A. , Urquhart N. R. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe vernal migration routes of the eastern population of the monarch butterfly (Danaus p. plexippus L.) in North America were plotted from data resulting from the recapture of migrants alar tagged in the overwintering site of the Neo-volcanic Plateau of Mexico. One migrant, which had been alar tagged at Decorah, Iowa, on 3 September 1973, and recaptured 7 months later on 8 April 1974 at Richmond, Texas, led to the conclusion that this particular migrant had flown to the Mexican overwintering site and was recaptured on its return vernal flight. This recapture also gave data indicating that it was not returning to the original breeding area, from which it is concluded that although some migrants may return to the original breeding grounds many may not do so.
INSTAR FREQUENCY AND DEPTH DISTRIBUTION OF SIMULIUM PENOBSCOTENSIS (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE) ON AQUATIC VEGETATION
Authors: Granett J. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBlack fly larvae and pupae were collected on aquatic vegetation from the Penobscot River, Maine in August 1977. Cephalic apotome measurements were made on larvae of Simulium penobscotensis Snoddy and Bauer and indicated the presence of seven instars. Simulium vittatum Zetterstedt, S. fibrinflatum Twinn, and S. penobscotensis were the principal species found. The proportion of S. penobscotensis in the samples increased with water depth to 1 m.
POPULATION DYNAMICS OFTELENOMUS FARIAI(HYMENOPTERA: SCELIONIDAE), A PARASITE OF CHAGAS’ DISEASE VECTORS: VII. OVIPOSITION BEHAVIOR AND HOST DISCRIMINATION
Authors: Bosque Carlos , Rabinovich Jorge E. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractOviposition and post-oviposition behavior ofTelenomus fariaiCosta Lima, when parasitizing the eggs ofTriatoma phillosoma pallidipennisStål, is described. Like other egg parasitesT.fariaimarks hosts by rubbing the ovipositor against the host and transferring a water soluble pheromone (chemical nature unknown) to its surface. Females that had never parasitized largely ignored the mark. Females that had parasitized generally did not oviposit on a marked host. The mark was fully effective for at least 3 days after being applied. The function of egg marking byT.fariaiis discussed.
SURVIVAL OF APPLE MAGGOT LARVAE, RHAGOLETIS POMONELLA (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE), IN PICKED AND UNPICKED APPLES
Authors: Reissig W. H. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractApple maggot eggs, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh), hatched equally well in apples on the tree and in picked fruit. Many larvae completed development in all different maturities of picked fruit and development and survival were similar in different cultivars. In contrast, larval mortality was high in apples remaining on the tree, particularly in fruit infested in late June and July. More larvae survived in the unpicked fruit of the earlier ripening, softer cultivars, Wealthy and McIntosh, than in the later ripening Rhode Island Greening and Rome apples.
EMODIN IN BUCKTHORN: A FEEDING DETERRENT TO PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS
Authors: Trial Henry , Dimond J. B. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractEmodin, a mixture of anthraquinones, occurs in the Rhamnaceae and functions as a deterrent to foliage-feeding insects. There was little attack on foliage of Rhamnus alnifolia in wild stands compared with associated species of woody plants. Anthraquinones extracted from foliage of R. alnifolia were similar to purchased emodin in thin-layer chromatographic and infra-red spectroscopic analyses. Quantities of emodin in foliage samples were high in May, declining to low levels in August. Leaf powders, leaf extracts, and purchased emodin all showed feeding deterrent activity when mixed with artificial diets and assayed with gypsy moth larvae. Purchased emodin showed similar activity when sprayed on foliage of small cherry trees and assayed with eastern tent caterpillar larvae.
PICKUP OF PHOSMET WETTABLE POWDER BY CODLING MOTH LARVAE (LASPEYRESIA POMONELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: OLETHREUTIDAE)) AND TOXICITY RESPONSES OF LARVAE TO SPRAY DEPOSITS
Authors: Fisher R. W. , Menzies D. R. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractLarvae picked up wettable powder particles on legs, setae, and mouth parts. Phosmet was 5 times more toxic in small droplets than in large droplets to first instar codling moth, but small droplets required 2.5 times the number/cm2. With large droplets, a larger treated area was required to produce 50% mortality. For any percentage area covered small droplets gave higher mortality. Speed of toxic action was related to amount of phosmet/cm2 and to no. of droplets/cm2.
CARACTERISATION ECOLOGIQUE DES BIOTOPES A LARVES DE MOUSTIQUES (CULICIDAE) DU LITTORAL SUBARCTIQUE DE LA BAIE DE JAMES, QUEBEC
Authors: Maire Alain , Mailhot Yves , Aubin Antoine 
Published: December 2009

RésuméLe littoral de la Baie de James est un milieu froid soumis notamment à l’activité annuelle de la banquise (action glacielle). On y distingue deux types de littoraux : celui de la Baie de Rupert, vaste zone estuarienne soumise à l’action de marées d’eaux douces ou faiblement saumâtres, et celui de la Baie de James, soumis à des marées d’eaux salées. Tous les milieux aquatiques temporaires favorables au développement des populations larvaires de moustiques sont présentés, caractérisés à la fois par leurs groupements végétaux et par les espèces culicidiennes qui leur sont associées. Les dix-neuf (19) espèces de moustiques recensées se regroupent en associations caractéristiques et de la zone intertidale et de la zone supralittorale. Ainsi, Aedes implicates est l’espace caractéristique de la zone intertidale d’eau douce, tandis qu’Ae. cantator, puis Ae. dorsalis sont caractéristiques de la zone littorale marine. Ae. punctor est caractéristique de la saulaie supralittorale à S. Candida et S. pellita, Ae. communis et Ae. pionips de la saulaie à S. planifolia de pied de talus supra-littoral. Une carte écologique d’un secteur de la Baie de Rupert est présenté à titre d’illustration de ce que permet la méthode appliquée. Le statut écologique de chacune des espèces de moustiques inventoriées est enfin discuté à partir des données présentées. Pour chacune de ces espèces, les résultats obtenus sont comparés à ceux obtenus par d’autres auteurs en milieux continentaux subarctiques nord-américains.
TAXONOMY, DISTRIBUTION, AND ZOOGEOGRAPHIC EVOLUTION OFGRYLLOBLATTAIN CANADA (INSECTA: NOTOPTERA)
Authors: Kamp J. W. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA new species ofGrylloblattafrom the Coast Mountains of British Columbia and two new subspecies ofGrylloblatta campodeiformisWalker from northern British Columbia are described and figured. The distribution of the species groups from the Rocky Mountain and Coast–Cascade Cordillera are indicated. An interpretation of the present distribution as a result of late Pleistocene and Holocene geological and climatic events is presented.
MODE D’ACTION DE BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS CHEZ CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA-TORTRICIDAE): IMPORTANCE DES SPORES
Authors: Smirnoff W.A. , Valero J.R. 
Published: December 2009

RésuméNos recherches ont démontré que l’action de Bacillus thuringiensis chez la tordeuse des bourgeons de l’épinette est le résultat d’une septicémie entérotoxicose liée aux possibilités de pénétration des spores dans l’hémolymphe de l’insecte. Comme certains chercheurs persistent à affirmer que le rôle du cristal (endotoxine) de B. thuringiensis est prépondérant et provoque seul, par toxémie, la mortalité de Choristoneura fumiferana Clem., nous avons entrepris une nouvelle étude afin de démontrer clairement le rôle de la spore dans l’infection de cet insecte. Des tests d’infection ont été réalisés avec des souches de B. thuringiensis habituellement utilisées, irradiées, non-cristallogènes ou non sporogènes, avec des préparations purifiées et semi-purifiées de cristaux et une préparation de spores seules de B. thuringiensis ainsi qu’avec une souche de Bacillus cereus entomopathogène. Le résultat de ces tests indiquent que les souches non-cristallogènes de B. thuringiensis et B. cereus infectent C. fumiferana avec plus de succès que les préparations purifiées ou semi-purifiées de cristaux.
AN APPROACH TO MEASURING CHANGES IN THE REPRODUCTION OF SPRUCE BUDWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) FIELD POPULATIONS FROM SURVEY DATA
Authors: Miller C. A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractSurvey counts of spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), female pupae, and eggs recorded annually at about 1000 sample points in New Brunswick from 1960 to 1975 provided ratios of eggs to females (E/F ratios) which are a measure of apparent reproduction. The 10-fold variation in the ratios was inversely associated with the frequency of July storm tracks. A positive relationship between E/F ratios and changes in the area of the budworm infestation in the province was also shown.
INFLUENCE OF HOST FOLIAGE ON DEVELOPMENT, SURVIVAL, FECUNDITY, AND OVIPOSITION OF THE SPEAR-MARKED BLACK MOTH, RHEUMAPTERA HASTATA (LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE)
Authors: Werner Richard A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractSpear-marked black moth, Rheumaptera hastata (L.), females tended to oviposit more readily on paper birch, Betula papyrifera Marsh., than other deciduous plants indigenous to interior Alaska. Larval feeding intensity was about 40% higher on birch foliage than on other host plants. Larvae reared on various host plant species differed in survival, development rate, and body weight. Food quality of host plants on which females were reared as larvae affected oviposition, fecundity, and egg viability. Larval development rate and survival decreased when fed foliage from birch trees that were repeatedly defoliated for 2 and 3 years.
DESCRIPTION OF THE LARVA OF ISCHNURA ERRATICA (ODONATA: COENAGRIIDAE) WITH NOTES ON THE SPECIES IN BRITISH COLUMBIA
Authors: Cannings Robert A. , Doerksen George P. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA description of the previously unknown larva of Ischnura erratica Calvert is presented. In addition, information on larval habitat, and on the emergence and breeding behaviour of the adults is documented.
SOME PHORETIC ASSOCIATIONS OF GROUND BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) AND MITES (ACARINA)
Authors: Olynyk J. E. , Freitag R. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPhoretic hypopi of the mite genera Anoetus (Anoetidae), Sancassania, Kuzinia and Schwiebea (Acaridae) were commonly found on 11 species of carabids. Deutonymphs of Poecilochirus sp. were also phoretic on the carabids. Other mite genera were present infrequently on the carabids. Mites were found mainly on ventral surfaces of large carabids and rarely under elytra.
AN OPTIMIZATION MODEL FOR LYGUS HESPERUS (HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE) DAMAGE IN COTTON: THE ECONOMIC THRESHOLD REVISITED
Authors: Gutierrez A. P. , Wang Y. , Regev Uri 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis paper presents results of a multidisciplinary optimization study on the impact of Lygus hesperus Knight on cotton in the Great Central Valley of California. The results of the empirical studies indicate that lygus bug is not a serious pest of cotton under most circumstances and, furthermore, illustrate why cotton yield enhancements have occurred when their populations have not been controlled. An economic analysis of these results sheds some light on the concept of economic threshold. In particular it is shown how in this case an economic threshold exists even if the costs of pesticides are zero. The theoretical implications of these results are quite general.
A REVIEW OF WATER MITES OF THE FAMILY ANISITSIELLIDAE (PROSTIGMATA: LEBERTIOIDEA) FROM NORTH AMERICA
Authors: Smith Ian M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractNearctic mites of the family Anisitsiellidae are reviewed. A key and revised diagnoses are presented for the four genera, keys to species are provided for the first time, and distributional data are reviewed for each of the 13 known species. Three original species groups of Bandakia are proposed based on knowledge of nearctic species, but with the four exotic species tentatively placed. Adults of four new nearctic species, Bandakia borealis n. sp., Bandakia oregonensis n. sp., Bandakia fragilis n. sp., and Bandakiopsis fonticola n. gen., n. sp., are described. Reared larvae of Bandakia vietsi Cook and Bandakia borealis n. sp., the first known anisitsiellid larvae, also are described providing new insight on life history and phylogeny in the Anisitsiellidae.
CODLING MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA: OLETHREUTIDAE): SUPPRESSION BY MALE REMOVAL WITH SEX PHEROMONE TRAPS IN THREE BRITISH COLUMBIA ORCHARDS
Authors: Madsen H.F. , Carty B.E. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractSex pheromone traps to control codling moth by male removal was evaluated in three orchards in the Okanagan Valley. The program was successful in only one of the three orchards. This orchard is completely isolated and codling moth control has been obtained for 5 years. In a second orchard, codling moth populations were reduced by sprays prior to the male removal program. The program was successful in 1977, as the per cent injured fruit was only 0.6. In 1978, the codling moth capture rose sharply and at harvest the per cent injured fruit was 8.0. There was a high infestation in the third orchard when the program was initiated, and in 1976, the per cent injured fruit dropped to 10.4% from 60.0 in 1975. The per cent fruit injured by codling moth rose to 37.4 in 1977 and to 60.2 in 1978 under the male removal program. Our data show that this method of control is effective only under special circumstances, where codling moth populations are low and where isolation precludes reinfestation.
DAMAGE TO SASKATOONS, AMELANCHIER ALNIFOLIA, BY THE APPLE CURCULIO, TACHYPTERELLUS QUADRIGIBBUS (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE)
Authors: Steeves T.A. , Lehmkuhl D.M. , Bethune T.D. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractCrop failures are a frequent phenomenon of saskatoon berries, Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., in Saskatchewan. The curculionid beetle Tachypterellus quadrigibbus Say is shown to have a pronounced effect on the relation and quality of fruit produced. Its feeding and reproductive habits on the berries are proposed as a major cause of crop failures.
CODLING MOTH (LASPEYRESIA POMONELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: OLETHREUTIDAE)): IMPROVING FIELD PERFORMANCE OF MASS-REARED MALES
Authors: Hutt R. B. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractEggs from a laboratory colony that had been in colonization for 34 generations at 25° ± 2 °C and 60% ± 10% R.H. were planted on thinning apples and held at temperatures ranging from 19.4 °C at night to 33.3 °C during the day. Humidity fluctuated freely with temperature changes. Then equal numbers of adults from the 1st generation of the fluctuating temperature colony and of adults from the 35th generation of the constant temperature colony were released. In a second series of tests, equal numbers of gamma irradiated (25 kr gamma irradiated) and unirradiated adults from the 2nd and 3rd generations of the fluctuating temperature colony and irradiated (25 kr) and unirradiated adults from the 36th and 37th generations of the constant temperature colony were released There were no statistical differences in recaptures of the 1st generation of the fluctuating temperature colony and the 35th generation of the constant temperature colony. Recaptures of the 2nd and 3rd generations of the fluctuating temperature colony were significantly greater than recaptures of the 36th and 37th generations of the constant temperature colony.
EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND COLD STORAGE ON DEVELOPMENT TIME AND VIABILITY OF EGGS OF THE BURROWING MAYFLY HEXAGENIA RIGIDA (EPHEMEROPTERA: EPHEMERIDAE)
Authors: Friesen M.K. , Flannagan J.F. , Lawrence S.G. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractEggs of Hexagenia rigida McDunnough transferred directly from 20° to 36°, 32°, 28°, 24°, 20°, 16°, 12°, and 8 °C were monitored for start of hatch, hatching rate, success of hatch, and hatching period. Eggs did not hatch at 36 °C or 8 °C. There was a direct relationship between temperature and start of hatch (from day 7 at 32 °C to day 77 at 12 °C). Over 90% hatch occurred at all temperatures except 12 °C. Hatching periods ranged from about 6 days at the higher temperatures to over 80 days at 16 °C and 12 °C. Hatching occurred at 36 °C when eggs were transferred in increments of 4 °C every 2 days.Storage capabilities of eggs in "early", "middle", and "late" stages of embryonic development were tested at 12 °C and 8 °C using a direct or stepwise transfer method. Hatching parameters monitored were hatch rate, success of hatch, and hatching period up to 90% hatch of total number of eggs. Middle stage eggs transferred in a stepwise manner could be held at 8 °C for up to 52 weeks with least effect on hatching parameters. Middle and late stage eggs could be stored for up to 16 weeks at 8 °C using the direct transfer method, and early stage eggs, which were affected most by cold storage, could be held for 2 days at 12 °C with minimal effect on hatching parameters. The storage of eggs, shown here to be possible, is potentially useful for providing such material for bioassays throughout the year.
NOTES ON SOME CANADIAN ACRIDIDAE (ORTHOPTERA)
Authors: Vickery V.R. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractSeveral of the “subspecies” and “forms” of Acrididae listed but not named by Brooks are discussed and a subspecies of Melanoplus packardii is named. Subspecies of Melanoplus sanguinipes and Pardalophora apiculata proposed by Brooks are not recognized. Trimerotropis longicornis E.M. Walker is removed from synomymy with T. campestris McNeill, as the names apply to different taxa.
REARING THE BLACK HORNED TREE CRICKET, OECANTHUS NIGRICORNIS (ORTHOPTERA: GRYLLIDAE)
Authors: Bell Paul D. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBlack horned tree crickets, Oecanthus nigricornis (Walker), were continuously reared for the first time in the laboratory. Optimum rearing conditions per unit effort involved 2 months at −5 °C to terminate egg diapause, and subsequent incubation of eggs from infested raspberry cane segments at 27 °C and 45% relative humidity. Eggs began hatching in 2 weeks, and second generation eggs were obtained within 2.5 months. The best survival from egg to adult was 55%. The possibility that male tree crickets provide a nutritional investment in their progeny is discussed.
THE EFFECTS OF PARENTAL AND PROGENY DIET ON DEVELOPMENT, WEIGHT GAIN, AND SURVIVAL OF PRE-DIAPAUSE LARVAE OF THE SATIN MOTH, LEUCOMA SALICIS (LEPIDOPTERA: LYMANTRIIDAE)
Authors: Wagner T. L. , Leonard D. E. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractSatin moth, Leucoma salicis (L), larvae from parents which fed on eastern cottonwood and largetooth aspen were laboratory-reared from eclosion to diapause (3rd stage) on fresh foliage of seven poplar and one willow species. Larvae from parents which fed on eastern cottonwood weighed more at eclosion, developed more rapidly, had higher survival, and gained more weight by the onset of diapause relative to larvae from aspen-fed parents. Larvae which were fed the host foliage of their parents developed more rapidly. The highest survival and greatest weight gains occurred where progeny of individuals that developed on eastern cottonwood were reared on that host. Lombardy poplar and eastern cottonwood were the most suitable host species, while white, Simon, and balsam poplars were the least suitable.