bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Hirtellanine B, an Isoflavonoid with Potent Antiproliferative Effects in Cancer Cells
Authors: Zheng Shuyan , Fu Runzhong , Shen Zhengwu 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe reported the first total synthesis of hirtellanine B, using oxidative coupling for the key reactions, which resulted in a high yield. The antiproliferative activity of hirtellanine B against Jurkat cells, Raji cells and K562 cells were also investigated. It was found that hirtellanine B could induce G2/M arrest and apoptosis in human lymphoid/leukemia tumor cells.
Five New Sesquiterpenoids from Chrysanthemum indicum
Authors: Liu Leilei , Wang Rui , Yang Junli , Shi Yanping 
Published: June 2012

AbstractTwo new germacranes, chrysanthemumins C (1) and D (2), and five eudesmanes, chrysanthemumols I–K (3–5) as new ones, eudesm‐4(14)‐ene‐3α,11‐diol (6) and canusesnol E (7), were isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of 95% EtOH extract of the flowers of Chrysanthemum indicum. The structures of isolated sesquiterpenoids were elucidated on basis of extensive spectroscopic evidences.
Alternative Methylation for the Synthesis of (+)‐Perophoramidine
Authors: Du Yu , Wu Haoxing , Song Hao , Qin Yong , Zhang Dan 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAn alternative N1‐methylation strategy was reported in the late‐stage of the total synthesis of (+)‐perophoramidine. Preparation of (+)‐perophoramidine was featured by an acid‐catalyzed isomerization of amidine 5 to its CN double bond tautomer 8, followed by two steps of N1‐methylation with NaHMDS/MeOTf and oxidation with MnO2. In contrast, direct methylation of amidine 5 afforded the N23‐methylation conformers 9a and 9b. Further oxidation of 9a and 9b led to N23‐methylated perophoramidine.
The hunt for gene effects pertinent to behavioral traits and psychiatric disorders: From mouse to human
Authors: Wahlsten Douglas 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe field of behavioral genetics was reviewed in the classic 1960 text by Fuller and Thompson. Since then, there has been remarkable progress in the genetic analysis of animal behavior. Many molecular genetic methods in common use today were not even anticipated in 1960. Animal models for many human psychiatric disorders have been discovered or created. In human behavior genetics, however, powerful new methods have failed to reveal even one bona fide, replicable gene effect pertinent to the normal range of variation in intelligence and personality. There is no explanatory or predictive value in that genetic information. For several psychiatric disorders, including autism and schizophrenia, many large genetic effects arise from de novo mutations. Genetically, the disorders are heterogeneous; different cases with the same diagnosis have different causes. The promises of the molecular genetic revolution have not been fulfilled in behavioral domains of most interest to human psychology. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals,Inc. Dev Psychobiol 54: 475–492, 2012.
Chiral Supramolecular Frameworks Based on Chiral Metallocycles: Crystal Structures and Photophysical Properties
Authors: Xu Jinxia , Wang Ruiying , Li Yameng , Gao Zhiyang , Yao Rui , Wang Song , Wu Benlai 
Published: June 2012

AbstractFour purely chiral supramolecular frameworks were constructed from a new chiral terpyridyl ligand, (S)‐2{4‐[2,6‐bis(pyridin‐2‐yl)pyridin‐4‐yl]benzylamino}propanoic acid (H2ptpy). The resulting compounds 1–4, namely [Cd2(Hptpy)2(Ac)2]·3CH3OH·H2O (1) [Ni2(Hptpy)2(CH3OH)(H2O)](ClO4)2·CH3OH·H2O (2), [Ni2(Hptpy)2(H2O)2](SCN)2 (3), and [Cu2(Hptpy)2](dca)2·4H2O (4) (Ac = acetate and dca = dicyanamide) all consist of those chiral metallocyclic units. As expected, those chiral nanometallocycles not only induced a chiral array or helicates but also amplified chirality through hydrogen‐bonding interactions, and finally aggregated into complicated higher‐dimensional chiral supramolecular architectures with chiral voids for further use. The formation of the metallocyclic units is easily monitored by UV/Vis spectra. Spectrophotometric titrations were performed by titrating Na(Hptpy) with a soltution of Cd(Ac)2 in methanol, and the global stability constants of [Cd2(Hptpy)2]2+ (log β = 17.60) were calculated. In combination with the structural analyses and UV/Vis and ES mass spectra, it is tentatively deduced that metallocycle units in 1–4 are the thermodynamically favored species in solution. Both the chiral H2ptpy ligand and 1 in the solid state and in solution display purple emission. The bathochromic shift of 1 is mainly due to the bichelation and intrametallocyclic π–π interactions.
Organo‐Phosph(on/in)ate‐Bridged Dimers of Vanadium(IV) Complexes with the Kläui Ligand: Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: Riart‐Ferrer Xavier , Anderson Alexander E. , Nelson Brandon M. , Hao Fei , McLauchlan Craig C. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA series of dinuclear organophosphorus‐bridged vanadium(IV) complexes with the Kläui ligand, [CpPOMeCo]–, have been synthesized to model the catalytic activity of industrially used vanadium phosphate oxidation catalysts. Dimeric species of the general formula [(CpPOMeCo)V(O)(μ‐O2PR′R″)]2 (R′,R″ = H, OH, Me, Ph, or 4‐OPh‐NO2), [(CpPOMeCo)V(O)]2(μ‐oxalate), and [(CpPOMeCo)V(Cl)]2(μ‐oxalate) are reported. These complexes have been characterized via spectral and magnetic analyses. The synthesis, characterization, and X‐ray structures of the mononuclear vanadium(IV) complexes (CpPOMeCo)V(O)Cl(OH2) and(CpPOMeCo)V(O)(acac) are also presented here. [CpPOMeCo]–= η5‐cyclopentadienyltris(dimethylphosphito‐κ1P)cobaltate(III); acac = acetylacetonate.
Highly Enantioselective Organocatalytic Formation of Functionalized Cyclopentane Derivatives via Tandem Conjugate Addition/α‐Alkylation of Enals
Authors: Remeš Marek , Veselý Jan 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAn enantioselective tandem reaction between dialkyl 2‐haloethylmalonates and aromatic enals catalyzed by secondary amine catalysts is described. The reaction proceeds through a Michael/α‐alkylation reaction sequence to afford the final 1,1,2,3‐tetrasubstituted cyclopentanes in good yields (up to 75 %) with high diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity (up to 20:1 dr and 93 % ee). Moreover, the Michael/α‐alkylation reaction also proceeds with a low catalyst loading (5 mol‐%) with only a slight influence on selectivity and O‐ and N‐alkylation products were not observed.
Ordered Mesoporous Proline Organocatalyst with High Activity and Strong Durability in Promoting Intermolecular Cross‐Conjugated Additions
Authors: He Wenhan , Zhang Fang , Shi Xiaodong , Li Hexing 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA proline‐modified porous SBA‐15 was developed and applied as organocatalyst in promoting intermolecular conjugated addition between nitroalkenes and enones. This heterogeneous catalyst exhibited high efficiency and great durability toward the designated reaction, giving good to excellent yields even after multiple recycles (measured up to 7 times). By considering the unique Lewis‐base activation mechanism, the reported work supplies the platform to further investigate this new class of transformation by combining the benefits of both homogeneous catalysts for high catalytic efficiencies and heterogeneous catalysts for easy separation and reuse.
Near Room Temperature Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Arene Boronic Acids with a Quinoxaline 1,4‐Dioxide Benzylsulfanyl Derivative
Authors: Dahbi Samir , Bisseret Philippe 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA new quinoxaline 1,4‐dioxide benzylsulfanyl derivative was tested under mild conditions in copper‐mediated Liebeskind–Srogl (LS) cross‐coupling reactions with arene boronic acids. These first organometallic cross‐coupling reactions performed on a quinoxaline 1,4‐dioxide derivative open new perspectives in medicinal chemistry. They represent also the first LS cross‐couplings run with an electrophile equipped with an aryl N‐oxide moiety.
Stability and accuracy in a hybrid test example
Authors: Molina Francisco J. , Marazzi Francesco , Viaccoz Bernard , Bosi Anna 
Published: May 2012

SUMMARYThis paper presents an example of the application of error monitoring techniques to the results of a pseudodynamic test performed at variable testing speeds. For the faster testing speeds, the control errors increased and the test reliability was lost in terms of accuracy and stability, as observed by the evolution of the monitoring parameters. The applied monitoring methods were the spatial model identification of frequency and damping distortions and the error energy, which have been proposed in previous publications. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Purinergic receptors in microglia: Functional modal shifts of microglia mediated by P2 and P1 receptors
Authors: Koizumi Schuichi , Ohsawa Keiko , Inoue Kazuhide , Kohsaka Shinichi 
Published: June 2012

AbstractMicroglia are sensitive to environmental changes and are immediately transformed into several phenotypes. For such dynamic “modal shifts”, purinergic receptors have central roles. When microglia sense ATP/ADP leaked from injured cells by P2Y12 receptors, they are transformed into a moving phenotype, showing process extension and migration toward the injured sites. Microglia upregulate adenosine A2A receptors, by which they retract the processes showing an amoeboid‐shaped, activated phenotype. Microglia also upregulate P2Y6 receptors, and if they meet UDP leaked from dead cells, microglia start to engulf and eat the dead cells as a phagocytic phenotype. The P2Y12 receptor‐mediated responses are modulated by other P2 or P1 receptors. In contrast, the P2Y6 receptor‐mediated responses were not influenced by P2Y12 receptors and vice versa. Microglia appear to use purinergic signals either cooperatively or distinctively to cause their modal shifts. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cognitive differences among depressed and non‐depressed MCI participants: a project FRONTIER study
Authors: Johnson Leigh A , Mauer Cortney , Jahn Danielle , Song Michael , Wyshywaniuk Lauren , Hall James R. , Balldin Valerie Hobson , O'Bryant Sid E. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractObjectiveDepression is the most commonly reported psychiatric symptom in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, more research is needed examining the impact of depression on cognitive functioning in MCI patients. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in cognitive functioning in a sample of community‐ based, depressed, and non‐depressed MCI patients.MethodsOne hundred and five participants with MCI were included in this study. Participants were recruited from Project FRONTIER, a study of rural health. Depression was assessed via the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS‐30), and cognition was measured using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status.ResultsThe results indicated that depressed MCI participants performed significantly worse than their non‐depressed counterparts on several cognitive measures. MCI participants with depression scored significantly lower on immediate memory (t = 3.4, p < 0.01) and delayed memory (t = 2.8, p < 0.01) indices than their non‐depressed counterparts.ConclusionsThe results of this study indicated that MCI participants with depression experienced greater deficits in cognitive functioning than their non‐depressed counterparts. Depressed MCI participants exhibited greater deficits in both immediate and delayed memory. Thus, identifying and treating depression in individuals with MCI may improve memory and cognitive functioning. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The structure of affective symptomatology in older adults with osteoarthritis
Authors: Parmelee Patricia A. , Harralson Tina L. , McPherron Jesse A. , Schumacher H. Ralph 
Published: June 2012

ObjectiveTo examine the structure of symptoms of affective disorder among older adults with a chronic health problem (osteoarthritis) and to explore cross‐sectional and longitudinal associations of obtained affective symptom clusters with key health outcomes (pain, functional disability, perceived health).MethodsOne‐year longitudinal study of older adults with diagnosed osteoarthritis of the knee. Symptoms of DSM depression and anxiety were assessed in a research diagnostic interview by using a DSM‐IV symptom checklist; self‐reports captured demographic characteristics, objective health, pain, disability, and perceived health. Confirmatory factor analysis tested comparability of affective symptom structure in this sample to findings of previous research; ordinary least squares regression examined cross‐sectional and longitudinal associations of affective symptoms with health outcomes, controlling for demographics and objective health.ResultsThe current sample displayed an affective symptom structure comparable with that observed in previous research, with symptoms clustering into depressed mood (DM), somatic symptoms (SS), and psychic anxiety (PA) factors. DM was cross‐sectionally associated with pain and disability and marginally with perceived health; SS predicted current pain and perceived health. Only DM predicted 1 year change in disability and perceived health (but not pain).ConclusionsThis research confirms the role of SS of distress in fueling disability and perceived ill health among older adults who are chronically ill. However, it is DM that drives changes in perceived health and functional ability. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Suspended sediment source apportionment in Chesapeake Bay watershed using Bayesian chemical mass balance receptor modeling
Authors: Massoudieh Arash , Gellis Allen , Banks William S. , Wieczorek Michael E. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA Bayesian chemical mass balance approach was used to estimate the contributions of potential sources into the suspended sediments in the Mill Stream, a tributary of Chesapeake Bay in Maryland, US. The Bayesian approach allows us to incorporate the uncertainties as a result of measurement errors in the elemental profiles of sources and suspended sediments in the stream and also the heterogeneities of the elemental profiles among samples into the analysis and provides us with probability densities representing the contribution of each source. Based on the obtained results, river bank erosion is the major source of sediments with a contribution estimated to range from 83% to 99% with a 95% credible interval. Also, a 95% credible interval in a range of 0.06% to 8% for cropland and 0.1% to 14% for forestland was provided. Hence, while the contribution of sediments from cropland or forestland cannot be ruled out, the model does not definitively demonstrate a significant contribution from either source. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterizing the changing behaviours of precipitation concentration in the Yangtze River Basin, China
Authors: Wang Weiguang , Xing Wanqiu , Yang Tao , Shao Quanxi , Peng Shizhang , Yu Zhongbo , Yong Bin 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe statistical characteristics of precipitation on the daily resolution play an important role not only in the risk assessment of floods and droughts but also in the land use management. In this study, spatial and temporal patterns of the precipitation concentration in the Yangtze River Basin are investigated by using three indices, i.e. precipitation concentration index (CI), precipitation concentration degree (PCD) and precipitation concentration period (PCP). Based on meteorological data of 147 stations for the period of 1960–2008, non‐parametric trend analysis and wavelet transformation analysis are employed to detect the temporal variation of these indices. Spatial variability of precipitation concentration indices and their trends are analysed and demonstrated with the help of GIS tools. The results indicate the following: (i) The high precipitation CI values mainly distribute in the middle region of the Yangtze River Basin, whereas the lower and lowest CI values are found in the lower and upper regions, respectively. A roughly east–west gradient for PCD value and PCP value varies from 0.26 to 0.77 and from 123 to 197, respectively. (ii) The analysis results of precipitation CI trends for different periods (i.e. recent 40, 30 and 20 years) show that the middle region of the Yangtze River Basin experienced a transition from decreasing precipitation CI to increasing precipitation CI during the last two decades, although the decreasing long‐term trends in the precipitation CI are not significant in most areas during the period of 1960–2008. (iii) The upper basin, middle basin and lower basin are, respectively, dominated by the significant decreasing, increasing and no significant trends in PCD. A dominance of insignificant PCP trends is observed in the entire basin during 1960–2008 despite that a few areas in the upper region are characterized by significant decreasing trends. (iv) Interdecadal oscillations can be found for three precipitation indices, but with no constant periodicity. Furthermore, good positive correlations have been detected between precipitation CI and PCD, whereas insignificant correlation coefficients of PCP with precipitation are common in the basin. The results can provide beneficial reference to water resource and eco‐environment and mitigation to flood or drought hazards in the Yangtze River Basin for policymakers and stakeholders. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
HuR inhibits apoptosis by amplifying Akt signaling through a positive feedback loop
Authors: Singh Mamata , Martinez Alaina R. , Govindaraju Suman , Lee Beth S. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractHuman antigen R (HuR) is a post‐transcriptional regulator of gene expression that plays a key role in stabilizing mRNAs during cellular stress, leading to enhanced survival. HuR expression is tightly regulated through multiple transcription and post‐transcriptional controls. Although HuR is known to stabilize a subset of mRNAs involved in cell survival, its role in the survival pathway of PI3‐kinase/Akt signaling is unclear. Here, we show that in renal proximal tubule cells, HuR performs a central role in cell survival by amplifying Akt signaling in a positive feedback loop. Key to this feedback loop is HuR‐mediated stabilization of mRNA encoding Grb10, an adaptor protein whose expression is critical for Akt activation. Stimulation of Akt by interaction with Grb10 then activates NF‐κB, which further enhances HuR mRNA and protein expression. This feedback loop is active in unstressed cells, but its effects are increased during stress. Therefore, this study demonstrates a central role for HuR in Akt signaling and reveals a mechanism by which modest changes in HuR levels below or above normal may be amplified, potentially resulting in cell death or cellular transformation. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 182–189, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MicroRNA‐199a‐3p, microRNA‐193b, and microRNA‐320c are correlated to aging and regulate human cartilage metabolism
Authors: Ukai Taku , Sato Masato , Akutsu Hidenori , Umezawa Akihiro , Mochida Joji 
Published: June 2012

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs of ∼22 base pairs that regulate gene expression. We harvested cartilage tissue from patients with polydactylism, anterior cruciate ligament injury, and osteoarthritis undergoing total knee arthroplasty and used microarrays to identify miRNAs whose expression is upregulated or downregulated with age. The results were assessed by real‐time PCR and MTT assay in a mimic group, in which synthetic double‐stranded RNA from the isolated miRNA was transfected to upregulate expression, and in an inhibitor group, in which the miRNA was bound specifically to downregulate expression. The expression of two miRNAs (miR‐199a‐3p and miR‐193b) was upregulated with age and that of one miRNA (miR‐320c) was downregulated with age. A real‐time PCR assay showed that type 2 collagen, aggrecan, and SOX9 expression were downregulated in the miR‐199a‐3p mimic group but was upregulated in the inhibitor group. Similar results were observed for miR‐193b. By contrast, ADAMTS5 expression was downregulated in the miR‐320c mimic group and upregulated in the inhibitor group. Cell proliferative activity was upregulated significantly in the miR‐193b inhibitor group compared with the control group. We believe that miR‐199a‐3p and miR‐193b are involved in the senescence of chondrocytes, and miR‐320c is involved in the juvenile properties of chondrocytes. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:1915–1922, 2012
BMP induced inflammation: A comparison of rhBMP‐7 and rhBMP‐2
Authors: Lee Kwang‐Bok , Taghavi Cyrus E. , Murray Samuel S. , Song Kyung‐Jin , Keorochana Gun , Wang Jeffrey C. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractConcern has been raised because of reports of inflammatory swelling following the use of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (rhBMP‐2) and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐7 (rhBMP‐7). The purpose of this study is to compare the inflammatory action of rhBMP‐7 with those of rhBMP‐2. ELISA assays (IL‐6, TNF‐α) were used to measure the cytokine response to different concentrations of rhBMP‐7 and ‐2. Recombinant human BMP‐7 was absorbed into absorbable collagen sponges and different amounts were implanted either subcutaneously (SC) or intramuscularly (IM) into the backs of rats. Using MRI and MIPAV software, we measured the degree of soft tissue edema at 3 h and at 2, 4, and 7 days postoperatively. After sacrificing rats on day 7 the inflammatory zone and mass were measured and the tissue examined histologically. Soft tissue edema after rhBMP‐7 and rhBMP‐2 implantation was dose‐dependent and peaked at 3 h for the subcutaneous implants and at 2 days for the intramuscular implants. RhBMP‐7 was associated with a significantly smaller soft tissue edema volume than was rhBMP‐2 only at the highest dose (20 µg/ml). Both rhBMP‐2 and rhBMP‐7 triggered dose‐dependent inflammatory reactions. Compared to rhBMP‐2, rhBMP‐7 is associated with somewhat smaller soft tissue edema volumes. Although rhBMP‐7 is associated with an inflammatory reaction leading to soft tissue edema, at high doses this response is significantly less than that seen with rhBMP‐2. Our animal model can be used to test materials that could ameliorate this reaction. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:1985–1994, 2012
In vitro and in vivo antifungal properties of cysteine proteinase inhibitor from green kiwifruit
Authors: Popovic Milica M , Bulajic Aleksandra , Ristic Danijela , Krstic Branka , Jankov Ratko M , Gavrovic‐Jankulovic Marija 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Higher plants possess several mechanisms of defense against plant pathogens. Proteins actively synthesized in response to those stresses are called defense‐related proteins which, among others, include certain protease inhibitors. It is of particular relevance to investigate plant natural defense mechanisms for pathogen control which include cystatins—specific inhibitors of cysteine proteases.RESULTS: In this study, a cysteine proteinase inhibitor (CPI), 11 kDa in size, was purified from green kiwifruit to homogeneity. Immuno‐tissue print results indicated that CPI is most abundant in the outer layer of pericarp, near the peel, and the inner most part of the pulp—sites where it could act as a natural barrier against pathogens entering the fruit. The purified protein (15 µmol L−1) showed antifungal activity against two phytopathogenic fungi (Alternaria radicina and Botrytis cinerea) by inhibiting fungal spore germination. In vivo, CPI (10 µmol L−1) was able to prevent artificial infection of apple and carrot with spore suspension of B. cinerea and A. radicina, respectively. It also exerted activity on both intracellular and fermentation fluid proteinases.CONCLUSION: Identification and characterization of plant defense molecules is the first step towards creation of improved methods for pathogen control based on naturally occurring molecules. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry