bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adopting an Obligation: Moral reasoning about the duty to provide Bougainvillean children with access to social services in New Ireland
Authors: Sykes Karen 
Published: January 2011

Entériner une obligation morale : à propos de la responsabilité visant à améliorer l’accès des enfants de l’île de Bougainville aux services sociaux Cette étude de cas tirée du travail ethnographique examine une situation où les enfants d’une île de Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinée furent adoptés par les habitants d’une autre. Le processus d’adoption révèle des traits saillants de la structure sociale traditionnelle en même temps qu’il montre comment il s’est avéré une opportunité pour les populations locales d’exercer une pression morale sur leur gouvernement. Cette étude éclaire l’approche maussienne de l’obligation morale et offre un commentaire sur la méthode anthropologique.
Coopération, sentiments et engagement dans les organisations
Authors: Alter Norbert 
Published: January 2011

Si le bénéfice des échanges réalisés entre collègues pouvait résulter d’une quelconque comptabilité, ce système d’échange ne durerait pas pour au moins deux raisons : la première est que les donataires font souvent preuve d’ingratitude, la seconde tient au fait que les donateurs ne donnent pas à un autre, mais à un « tiers ». Ce tiers peut être le projet, le métier ou la mission. S’y consacrer permet d’éprouver le « sentiment d’appartenance ». Et, au nom de ce sentiment, les salariés s’engagent dans leur activité, infiniment plus et mieux que ne le suppose leur contrat de travail.
Mauss in the Tropics : Love, Money and Reciprocity in Brazilian Popular Music
Authors: Oliven Ruben George 
Published: January 2011

Mauss sous les Tropiques : amour, argent et réciprocité dans la musique populaire brésilienne La musique populaire offre un accès privilégié pour saisir les relations sociales et leurs représentations. Dans maintes sociétés, la majorité des compositeurs et producteurs de musique sont des hommes qui utilisent cette voie pour exprimer plus librement leurs sentiments personnels dans l’espace public. Ils chantent ainsi à propos de leurs faiblesses, de leurs peurs de la perte, de leurs sentiments envers les femmes. La musique populaire ne parle pourtant pas que de l’amour mais également de l’argent, du travail, des inégalités sociales et des relations entre les sexes. Cet article interroge la musique populaire brésilienne des années 1930, 1940 et 1950 sous l’angle du don et de l’amour.
Mauss en Angleterre (1898). Trois lettres à Henri Hubert
Authors: Bert Jean-François 
Published: January 2011

En Angleterre, en 1898, Marcel Mauss entretient avec son proche ami, l’archéologue Henri Hubert, une importante correspondance, en particulier concernant la rédaction de l’ Essai sur la nature et fonction du sacrifice, qui sera publié l’année suivante dans L’Année sociologique . Ces trois lettres de Mauss, inédites, permettent de mieux comprendre un certain nombres de ses choix, mais renseignent également sur les réseaux que le jeune anthropologue fréquente lors de son séjour à Oxford.
Durkheim, Mauss et Bourdieu : une filiation ?
Authors: Fournier Marcel 
Published: January 2011

Du point de vue d’une histoire des idées, qui le plus souvent consiste en l’étude de l’influence d’un auteur (qui est antérieur) sur un autre auteur (qui lui est postérieur), c’est là une question qui en cache deux : quelle est l’influence de Durkheim sur son neveu Marcel ? Quelle est l’influence de Mauss sur Bourdieu ? En d’autres mots, Mauss est-il durkheimien ? Bourdieu est-il maussien ? Toute filiation est faite de nuances, d’inflexions, parfois même de distanciations.
En finir avec le don ?
Authors: Godbout Jacques T. 
Published: January 2011

Don charitable, qui abaisse celui qui reçoit, oui, certainement. Mais est-ce aussi facile ? Et n’est-il pas nécessaire de comprendre pourquoi ce type de don renaît toujours de ses cendres, contrairement à ce qu’on a cru au moment de gloire de l’État providence ? Il a aujourd’hui le vent en poupe. Les solutions politiques sont toujours insuffisantes tout en étant nécessaires. Car l’analyse du don ne nous conduit pas seulement à découvrir des règles, contrairement à ce que croyait Mauss en commençant sa quête (« Quelles sont les règles... »), mais à ce qui se passe avant les règles. Mauss, au lieu de se contenter de trouver des règles, a révélé « l’instant fugitif où la société prend » comme il l’écrit en terminant son Essai sur le don .
Homo maussianus : totalité ou dissociation ?
Authors: Berthoud Gérald 
Published: January 2011

Montrer en quoi Mauss est en prise sur l’époque actuelle est moins aisé qu’il peut apparaître au premier abord. La notion de totalité est une catégorie fondamentale de la sociologie maussienne. Mais cet apport majeur fait problème en raison d’une insistance à diviser l’humanité en deux catégories : les individus « dissociés » de l’élite et la grande masse des êtres « totaux ». Quelle position prendre face à cette apparente confusion entre la totalité comme un principe méthodologique et comme un terme dépréciatif, désignant à la fois l’homme « primitif » et l’homme « moyen » de la modernité ? Reconnaissons que certains aspects de l’œuvre de Mauss sont proprement dépassés, pour mieux faire ressortir ceux qui permettent de porter un regard à la fois critique et constructif sur le monde actuel.
« L'instant fugitif ou la société prend. »
Authors: Chanial Philippe 
Published: January 2011

Si, selon Mauss, le don est avant tout une forme spécifique de prestation sociale, il est aussi plus que cela : ce « roc » sur lequel sont bâties les sociétés humaines. Cet article propose d’interroger ces deux dimensions du don – comme partie et comme totalité – et de les articuler afin de formaliser, en clé de don, une grammaire des relations humaines.
Recent Developments in Cancer Vaccines
Authors: Palucka Karolina , Ueno Hideki , Banchereau Jacques 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
The adoptive transfer of cancer Ag-specific effector T cells in patients can result in tumor rejection, thereby illustrating the immune system potential for cancer therapy. Ideally, one would like to directly induce efficient tumor-specific effector and memory T cells through vaccination. Therapeutic vaccines have two objectives: priming Ag-specific T cells and reprogramming memory T cells (i.e., a transformation from one type of immunity to another, for example, regulatory to cytotoxic). Recent successful phase III clinical trials showing benefit to the patients revived cancer vaccines. Dendritic cells (DCs) are essential in generation of immune responses, and as such represent targets and vectors for vaccination. We have learned that different DC subsets elicit different T cells. Similarly, different activation methods result in DCs able to elicit distinct T cells. We contend that a careful manipulation of activated DCs will allow cancer immunotherapists to produce the next generation of highly efficient cancer vaccines.
Fully automated immunoassay for quantitative determination of FXIII
Authors: Stephan S. , Duwe C. , Pechmann L. , Althaus H. , Ehm M. , Fischer B. , Hahn M. , Schwarz H. , Vitzthum F. , Kappel A. 
Published: January 2011

SummaryCoagulation factor XIII (FXIII) is essential for clot stabilization. Deficiency of FXIII is associated with a risk of bleeding and impaired wound healing. Substitution therapy with FXIII remedies for patients with low plasma levels of FXIII requires diagnostic quantification of the factor before and during therapy. Here, we describe a prototype of a preliminary research immunoassay for quantification of FXIII antigen on automated coagulation instruments. The prototype assay is based on a monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed against FXIII A chain, whereas the mAbs are coupled to latex particles. FXIII in a plasma specimen causes agglutination of the latex particles, which can be quantified turbidimetrically. Performance data of the assay prototype processed on BCS® XP and Sysmex® CA-1500 instruments demonstrate a good correlation to the Berichrom® factor XIII activity assay1 from Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics (r = 0.94). Results: Comparability of instruments was excellent (r = 0.98). Coefficients of variation of total imprecision measurements ranged from 2.2 to 3.4%. Linearity was excellent over the range tested (12–121% FXIII). Analytical sensitivity was 0.51% FXIII on BCS XP and 0.44% FXIII on Sysmex CA-1500, respectively. No interference (> 10% bias) was observed with haemoglobin (up to 400 mg/dl), cholesterol (up to 300 mg/dl), bilirubin (up to 60 mg/dl) or triglycerides (up to 3000 mg/dl). Conclusion: The preliminary research assay prototype has the potential for excellent analytical sensitivity, precision, and dynamic range suitable to measure reliably FXIII antigen levels in human plasma.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Piano‐Stool Iron Complexes as Efficient Catalysts for Hydrosilylation of Carbonyl Derivatives
Authors: Jiang Fan , Bézier David , Sortais Jean‐Baptiste , Darcel Christophe 
Published: January 2011

AbstractHydrosilylation with well defined piano‐stool iron(II) complexes bearing both N‐heterocyclic carbene and cyclopentadienyl ligands was accomplished with both aldehydes and ketones. Typically, the reduction of aldehydes exhibited good activities (full reduction at 30 °C in 3 h), whereas for ketones, the reaction need 16 h at 70 °C to obtain good conversions. Of notable interest is the use of visible light irradiation to generate one of the active catalyst.
Grob‐Mengen‐Theorie in der Analyse der Struktur‐Wirkung‐Beziehungen von quartären Chinolinium‐ und Isochinoliniumverbindungen
Authors: Krysinskid Jerzy 
Published: January 2011

AbstractDie Beziehungen zwischen chemischer Struktur und antimikrobieller Wirkung von 72 quartären Chinolinium‐ und Isochinoliniumverbindungen wurden mittels der Grob‐Mengen‐Theorie analysiert. Im Informationssystem wurde die Struktur der Verbindungen mit 11 Attributen beschrieben und in 3 Klassen der Aktivität eingeteilt. Mittels der Grob‐Mengen‐Methode wurden die kleinsten Teilmengen der Attribute gefunden, die signifikant für die hohe Qualität der Klassifikationen waren. Der vom Informationssystem erhaltene Entscheidungs‐Algorithmus zeigt signifikante Beziehungen zwischen Struktur und Wirkung von Chinolinium‐ und Isochinoliniumverbindungen und kann bei Synthesen neuer antimikrobiell aktiver Verbindungen behilflich sein.
Antiarrhythmic properties of triamterene derivatives in the coronary artery ligated rat model
Authors: Busch A. E. , Ullrich F. , Mutschler E. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractTriamterene and several triamterene derivatives (Table 1) were tested for antiarrhythmic activity in the coronary artery ligated and reperfused (CAL‐R) rat. The class‐III antiarrhythmic drugs (±)‐sotalol and amiodarone, the class‐I antiarrhythmics lidocaine and quinidine as well as the potassium sparing diuretic amilorid were used as reference drugs. Triamterene at the highest dose (30 μmol/kg) revealed a 100% protection against ventricular fibrillation (VF), whereas at 10 μmol/kg no antiarrhythmic activity for triamterene could be found. For compound 4 (10 μmol/kg) a 75% protection against VF could be demonstrated, while 2, 3, and 5 revealed only a 25% protection. Compared to the reference drugs, triamterene and the derivatives 2–5 are more potent than (±)‐sotalol, but less potent than lidocaine, quinidine and amiodarone. For amiloride as well as for the potent potassium retaining triamterene derivative 6 no antiarrhythmic activity could be shown. Therefore, we conclude different mechanisms responsible for the potassium sparing and antiarrhythmic properties of triamterene and its derivatives.
Synthesis of C‐13‐alkylated 8‐oxoberbines
Authors: Weimar Christian , von Angerer Silvia , Wiegrebe Wolfgang 
Published: January 2011

AbstractC‐13‐alkylated methoxy‐8H‐dibenzo[a,g]quinolizin‐8‐ones 2a‐e were synthesized by photocyclization of 1‐alkylidene‐N‐benzoyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinolines 1. Moreover, condensation of 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐6,7‐dirnethoxy‐1‐oxo‐isoquinoline with homophthalic acid anhydrides 7a and b leads to the C‐13‐alkylated 8‐oxoberbines 2b and c and improves the yields compared with those of the photocyclization method.
Synthesis and acidic properties of 1,2‐benzisothiazolyl‐tetrazoles and analogous alkanoic acids
Authors: Vicini P. , Fisicaro E. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA new convenient method to synthesize some tetrazolyl derivatives of 1,2‐benzisothiazole is reported. The pKa of a series of 5‐(1,2‐benzisothiazolyl)‐tetrazoles and of the analogous 1,2‐benzisothiazolylalkanoic acids have been determined by potentiometry in methanol/water and compared with literature data. The acidic properties are discussed for possible LFER and correlation with the biological activity. The physico‐chemical properties of two series are strictly correlated but do not appear to be responsible for the modulation of their biological activity.
Electronic Effects of para‐Substitution on the Melting Points of TAAILs
Authors: Schulz Tobias , Ahrens Sebastian , Meyer Dirk , Allolio Christoph , Peritz Anke , Strassner Thomas 
Published: January 2011

AbstractOwing to numerous new applications, the interest in “task‐specific” ionic liquids increased significantly over the last decade. But, unfortunately, the imidazolium‐based ionic liquids (by far the most frequently used cations) have serious limitations when it comes to modifications of their properties. The new generation of ionic liquids, called tunable aryl–alkyl ionic liquids (TAAILs), replaces one of the two alkyl chains on the imidazolium ring with an aryl ring which allows a large degree of functionalization. Inductive, mesomeric, and steric effects as well as potentially also ππ and ππ+ interactions provide a wide range of possibilities to tune this new class of ILs. We investigated the influence of electron‐withdrawing and ‐donating substituents at the para‐position of the aryl ring (NO2, Cl, Br, EtO(CO), H, Me, OEt, OMe) by studying the changes in the melting points of the corresponding bromide and bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, (N(Tf)2−), salts. In addition, we calculated (B3LYP/6‐311++G(d,p)) the different charge distributions of substituted 1‐aryl‐3‐propyl‐imidazolium cations to understand the experimentally observed effects. The results indicated that the presence of electron‐donating and ‐withdrawing groups leads to strong polarization effects in the cations.
Geological discontinuities, main flow path and chemical alteration in a marly hill prone to slope instability: Assessment from petrophysical measurements and borehole image analysis
Authors: Lofi Johanna , Pezard Philippe , Loggia Didier , Garel Emilie , Gautier Stéphanie , Merry Christophe , Bondabou Karim 
Published: January 2011

AbstractClay shale landscapes are sensitive to landslide, erosion, and re‐sedimentation processes. In this context, tectonized clay shales have peculiar hydrological and mechanical behaviours. In order to improve our understanding of the processes involved in such systems, an experimental site has been settled in the Draix Observatory (ORE DRAIX) on a black marl hill slope of the Southern Alps (France) in the framework of the ECOU‐PREF project. The site is a natural laboratory to study the evolution of clay shale landscapes at several scales (regional to µm). In this study, we aim to characterize the internal structure and fissure patterns of a stable interfluve, in order to locate preferential water flows within the system, and anticipate its evolution. This work is based on a series of mutli‐disciplinary approaches including petrophysical analyses, well pulse injection tests and downhole geophysical measurements. Borehole geophysical results were combined with laboratory measurements on core plugs (permeability, density, porosity, and acoustic velocity). Optical and acoustical images have been used as an original tool for internal discontinuities characterisation and potential active flow path detection. They allowed the identification of three main lithological units interpreted as several stages of shale alteration. In addition, several main structural plane discontinuities (open fractures, schistosity planes, and fractures infilled with calcite or clays) were identified from the images and their potential transmissivity discussed with regard to piezometric and tracer measurements. In all, the integration of measurements leads to propose a simple scenario of fluid circulation and chemical alteration of the interfluve. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fingerprinting the 8.2 ka event climate response in a coupled climate model
Authors: Wiersma Ane P. , Roche Didier M. , Renssen Hans 
Published: January 2011

AbstractUsing results from coupled climate model simulations of the 8.2 ka climate event that produced a cold period over Greenland in agreement with the reconstructed cooling from ice cores, we investigate the typical pattern of climate anomalies (fingerprint) to provide a framework for the interpretation of global proxy data for the 8.2 ka climate event. For this purpose we developed an analysis method that isolates the forced temperature response and provides information on spatial variations in magnitude, timing and duration that characterise the detectable climate event in proxy archives. Our analysis shows that delays in the temperature response to the freshwater forcing are present, mostly in the order of decades (30 a over central Greenland). The North Atlantic Ocean initially cools in response to the freshwater perturbation, followed in certain parts by a warm response. This delay, occurring more than 200 a after the freshwater pulse, hints at an overshoot in the recovery from the freshwater perturbation. The South Atlantic and the Southern Ocean show a warm response reflecting the bipolar seesaw effect. The duration of the simulated event varies for different areas, and the highest probability of recording the event in proxy archives is in the North Atlantic Ocean area north of 40° N. Our results may facilitate the interpretation of proxy archives recording the 8.2 ka event, as they show that timing and duration cannot be assumed to correspond with the timing and duration of the event as recorded in Greenland ice cores. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Correction of optical distortions in dry depth profiling with confocal Raman microspectroscopy
Authors: Tomba J. Pablo , de la Paz Miguel María , Perez Claudio J. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractWe present a generalized approach to obtain improved Raman intensity profiles from in‐depth studies performed by confocal Raman microspectroscopy (CRM) with dry objectives. The approach is based on regularized deconvolution of the as‐measured confocal profile, through a kernel that simulates optical distortions due to diffraction, refraction and collection efficiency on the depth response. No specific shape or restrictions for the recovered profile are imposed. The strategy was tested by probing, under different instrumental conditions, a series of model planar interfaces, generated by the contact of polymeric films of well‐defined thickness with a substrate. Because of the aforementioned optical distortions, the as‐measured confocal response of the films appeared highly distorted and featureless. The signal computed after deconvolution recovers all the films features, matching very closely with the response expected. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predicting local recurrence following breast‐conserving therapy for early stage breast cancer: The significance of a narrow (≤2 mm) surgical resection margin
Authors: Groot Gary , Rees Henrike , Pahwa Punam , Kanagaratnam Sivaruban , Kinloch Mary 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesControversy continues over the extent of surgical resection margin required to minimize the risk of local recurrence (LR) in breast‐conserving therapy (BCT) for early stage breast cancer. This study explores whether or not a narrow (≤2 mm) but negative resection margin affects LR.MethodsAll patients registered at the Saskatoon Cancer Center between January 1, 1991 and December 31, 2000 with a diagnosis of early stage invasive duct carcinoma treated with BCT were examined. All charts and pathology reports were reviewed with a review of the pathology for all cases where the resection margin was unclear in the original report. Other factors known or thought to effect LR (age, radiation boost, grade, extensive DCIS, ER/PR receptor status) were considered in the statistical analysis.ResultsAmongst the 200 narrow margin cases 19 LR were detected (19/201 = 9.5%) while 52 LR were detected in the 491 wide margin cases (52/491 = 10.6%). This difference was not statistically significant.ConclusionsA narrow (≤2 mm) surgical resection margin does not result in an increase in LR compared to a surgical resection margin >2 mm in BCT for early stage duct carcinoma and does not warrant re‐excision. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 103:212–216. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
PML protein as a prognostic molecular marker for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinomas receiving primary surgery
Authors: Yen Chueh‐Chuan , Tsao Yen‐Po , Chen Paul Chih‐Hsueh , Wu Yu‐Chung , Liu Jin‐Hwang , Pan Chin‐Chen , Liu Chun‐Yu , Tzeng Cheng‐Hwai , Chen Po‐Min , Chen Yann‐Jang , Lin Chi‐Hung , Hsu Wen‐Hu 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesWe evaluated the clinicopathological associations and prognostic implications of promyelocytic leukemia gene (PML) expressions in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) receiving primary surgery.MethodsExpression patterns of PML and tumor protein 53 (TP53) of 132 cases of ESCC were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinicopathological parameters. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the prognostic influence of clinicopathological factors on progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsForty‐two cases (31.82%) were classified as lost expression of PML, 25 (18.94%) as focally positive, and 65 (49.24%) as diffusely expressed. Sixty‐three cases (47.73%) were classified as over‐expression of TP53. High expression of TP53 and down‐regulation of PML were often found in advanced disease; and, in together with high pathological staging, grading, and positive margin, were associated with poor survival. However, only tumor differentiation (P = 0.016), distant metastasis (P = 0.001), and PML expression (P = 0.001) could act as independent prognostic factors for PFS, and LN metastasis (P = 0.004), TP53 (P = 0.006), and PML expression (P = 0.029) were identified as independent prognostic factors for OS in multivariate analysis.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated PML protein as an independent prognostic marker for patients with ESCC receiving primary surgery. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011;103:761–767. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.