bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are Adults With Bipolar Disorder at Increased Cardiovascular Risk due to Their Physical, Biochemical, and Physiological Profiles? The FINEXT‐BD Study
Authors: Etxaniz‐Oses José , Maldonado‐Martín Sara , Zorrilla Inaki , Gorostegi‐Anduaga Ilargi , Apodaca‐Arrizabalaga Maria J. , González‐Pinto Ana 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionBipolar disorder (BD) is associated with considerable morbidity and premature mortality, mainly due to somatic causes. This study aims to determine some physical, exercise capacity–related physiological variables and biochemical markers of health status in adults (45.4 ± 13.1 years) with BD (n = 65) compared to a healthy control (HC) population (n = 29) sample and to estimate cardiovascular risk (CVR) through different methods in the BD group.MethodsMultiple assessments included body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and biochemical parameters. CVR was calculated using the Framingham Heart Study, SCORE2, and relative risk methods.ResultsThe BD population, compared to the HC, showed unfavorable body composition (waist‐to‐hip ratio, 0.9 ± 0.1 vs. 0.8 ± 0.1; fat body mass, 33.3 ± 10.2 vs. 24.3 ± 8.9%, p ≤ 0.001), CRF (peak oxygen uptake, 25.2 ± 8.2 vs. 33.4 ± 8.7 mL kg−1 min−1; and cardiorespiratory optimal point, 27.9 ± 4.2 vs. 23.6 ± 4.2 ventilation/oxygen uptake ratio, p ≤ 0.05), biochemical concentrations of atherogenic indexes (total cholesterol/high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, 4.1 ± 1.5 vs. 3.3 ± 1.0; and triglycerides/high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, 2.8 ± 2.3 vs. 1.5 ± 1.0, p ≤ 0.05), and inflammatory C‐reactive protein (3.8 ± 10.2 vs. 0.9 ± 1.05 mg/dL, p ≤ 0.05). Consequently, CVR showed higher values (p ≤ 0.05) in BD (high risk, 3.1%) compared to HC (low‐to‐moderate risk, 2.2%) participants, according to SCORE2, higher (p ≤ 0.05) vascular age (49.8 years) than chronological age (45.8 years), with a significant difference (p = 0.005) compared to HC.ConclusionsThis study highlights the importance of specific physical, biochemical, and physiological screening and CVR and vascular age assessment for people with BD. The practical application of these findings would prevent cardiovascular disease in BD and promote a healthier lifestyle as an adjuvant strategy to pharmacological intervention.
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Pregnancy: Efficacy, Safety, and Future Implications for Perinatal Mental Health Care
Authors: Angeline Serena , Tiyatiye Babangida , Akosile Wole 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has gained interest as a treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the literature on its efficacy and safety for pregnant patients with MDD is limited. This article reviews and appraises available studies on TMS in pregnant women with MDD.MethodsWe reviewed randomized controlled trials and open‐label studies on TMS in pregnant women with MDD.ResultsStudies indicate that TMS is a safe and effective treatment for MDD during pregnancy, showing significant reductions in depression scores and increased response and remission rates compared to sham TMS. TMS was well tolerated with minimal side effects.ConclusionLarger, multicenter trials are needed to develop evidence‐based protocols for TMS use in pregnancy.
The Interaction Between Cognitive Abilities and White Matter Hyperintensity Phenotypes: A Novel Perspective on Bidirectional Causality
Authors: Ren Xiaolu , Li Ting , Li Fang , Liu Shan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPurposeThis study utilizes bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine the causal relationships between white matter hyperintensity (WMH) phenotypes—namely, WMH volume, fractional anisotropy (FA), and mean diffusivity (MD)—and cognitive abilities, including cognitive performance, intelligence, and overall cognitive function.MethodsThis study leverages genetic variation data from genome‐wide association study (GWAS) datasets and employs a bidirectional two‐sample MR analysis. The analysis incorporates MR Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, and inverse variance weighted (IVW) methods to assess the bidirectional causal relationship between cognitive abilities and WMH volume, FA, and MD.ResultsThis study employed MR to explore the causal relationships between WMH volume, FA, MD, and cognitive outcomes. Most MR methods yielded nonsignificant p values (>0.05) and wide confidence intervals. Heterogeneity tests indicated no significant heterogeneity or pleiotropy between WMH volume and cognitive performance or intelligence. However, significant heterogeneity was found between WMH volume and cognitive function, FA with cognitive performance and intelligence, and MD with cognitive performance and intelligence. Reverse analysis also revealed no significant causal relationships.ConclusionsThis study suggests that the bidirectional causal effects between cognitive abilities and WMH volume, FA, and MD are minimal or nonsignificant and highlights data heterogeneity as a concern.
Incidence and Survival of Children and Adolescents With Wilms Tumor, United States, 2001–2020
Authors: Espinoza Andres F. , Onwuka Ekene , Siegel David A. , Dai Shifan , Vasudevan Sanjeev A. , Scheurer Michael E. , Lupo Philip J. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundWilms tumor (WT) is the most common pediatric malignancy of the kidney. Past studies describing WT incidence and survival used surveillance data with < 30% of the US population. We evaluated differences in WT incidence and survival comparing demographic groups and tumor characteristics.MethodsWe analyzed new cases of WT among patients aged < 20 years at diagnosis by using incidence data from US Cancer Statistics (USCS) for 2003–2020 and 5‐year relative survival (RS) data from the National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) for 2001–2019. To assess incidence trends, average annual percent change (AAPC) was calculated by using joinpoint regression. Relative survival (RS) and all‐cause survival were calculated overall and by demographic and clinical variables.ResultsDuring 2003–2020, 8218 cases of WT were reported in USCS, which represented an age‐adjusted incidence rate of 5.7 cases per million. Rates were the highest among females (6.3), children aged 0–4 years (17.2), and non‐Hispanic Black patients (7.1). Overall, trends remained stable (AAPC = −0.4, 95% CI: −1.4 to 0.4). Among 7567 cases of WT in NPCR, 5‐year RS was 92.6%. Patients with the lowest survival include the following: those aged 10–19 years (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.02–2.65); non‐Hispanic Black patients (HR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.11–1.76); those with regional stage (HR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.47–2.54) or distant stage (HR = 5.12, 95% CI: 3.99–6.57); and patients from nonmetropolitan counties (HR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.09–1.96). Individuals diagnosed during 2011–2019 (HR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.53–0.77) had higher survival than those diagnosed during 2001–2010.ConclusionsThe highest WT incidence rates were patients who were female, 0–4 years, and non‐Hispanic Black. Survival improved during the study period; survival differed by race, ethnicity, metropolitan status, and age. Further studies to delineate the causes of these disparities may improve outcomes.
A Predictive Model for Surgical Approach Selection in Robotic Partial Nephrectomy and Its Perioperative Outcomes Based on Single‐Center Retrospective Data
Authors: Shu Fan , Liu Zhuo , Duan Peichen , Hao Yichang , Ma Xin , Zhang Hongxian , Wang Guoliang , Tian Xiaojun , Liu Lei , Zhang Shudong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo compare the perioperative and postoperative outcomes of transperitoneal and retroperitoneal robotic partial nephrectomy (RPN) and develop a prediction model for reference to select the approach.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed our single‐institutional RPN database. The patients were divided into training and validation sets. In training set, transperitoneal and retroperitoneal cases were matched using propensity score matching to balance confounding factors. The intraoperative and postoperative outcomes of both approaches were compared. A prediction model was constructed to predict the probability of the retroperitoneal approach. The model was then externally validated using the data from the validation set.ResultsA total of 318 patients were included in the training set, and after propensity score matching, 200 cases were left. Additionally, 92 patients were included in the validation set. The estimated blood loss (p = 0.021) and the hemoglobin change (p = 0.016) were greater in the transperitoneal group. There was no significant difference in operative time (p = 0.539), warm ischemia time (p = 0.678), hospitalization time (p = 0.673), extubation time (p = 0.621), creatinine change (p = 0.623), negative margin (p = 1), local recurrence (p = 1), postoperative complication (p = 0.229), long‐term creatinine (p = 0.158), and overall survival (p = 0.671) between the two groups. Tumor diameter, anteroposterior location, longitudinal location, and accessory renal artery were employed as variables to construct the prediction model, resulting in area under the curve values of 0.84 and 0.77, respectively, during internal and external validation.ConclusionsRetroperitoneal and transperitoneal approaches of RPN showed no difference in perioperative outcomes except estimated blood loss and hemoglobin change. The retroperitoneal approach is recommended for smaller tumors located in the upper pole or posterior and the presence of an accessory renal artery. Our model is available to predict the probability of the retroperitoneal approach.
Elevated Neutrophil‐to‐Lymphocyte Ratio Correlates With Liver Metastases and Poor Immunotherapy Response in Stage IV Melanoma
Authors: Foerster Yannick , Mayer Kristine , Wasserer Sophia , Dechant Marta , Verkhoturova Vitalina , Heyer Sarah , Biedermann Tilo , Persa Oana‐Diana 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectivesImmune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) has revolutionized treatment for metastasized melanoma, but many patients remain unresponsive. Concerning potential adverse events, reliable biomarkers to predict ICI response are needed. In this context, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and derived NLR (dNLR) have emerged. Liver metastases also limit ICI efficacy, correlating with diminished overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) and may siphon activated T cells from the systemic circulation, creating an ‘immune desert state’. We evaluated the predictive role of NLR and dNLR for ICI response and the impact of liver metastases on systemic immunity and treatment efficacy.Patients and MethodsIn this single‐center retrospective study, we included 141 stage IV melanoma patients undergoing ICI. NLR and dNLR were calculated from absolute neutrophil count, absolute lymphocyte count, and white blood cell count.ResultsElevated NLR and dNLR were associated with poor response to ICI and inferior PFS. Patients with liver metastases exhibited higher NLR and dNLR levels and showed diminished response to ICI.ConclusionsElevated baseline NLR and dNLR predict poor response to ICI and PFS in stage IV melanoma. Liver metastases are negative predictors for ICI response, with associated higher NLR and dNLR levels potentially contributing to therapy resistance.
Trust and the Use of Digital Social and Healthcare Services Among Incarcerated People: A Mixed Methods Study in Finnish Prisons
Authors: Rantanen Teemu , Järveläinen Eeva , Leppälahti Teppo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIncarcerated people face many social and health challenges, and have particular support and rehabilitation needs. The digitisation of services enables the efficient provision of different services including those used during imprisonment. The objective of this study is to investigate the significance of trust in the use of digital social and healthcare services among incarcerated people. Many studies have found that trust has an effect on intention to use digital social and healthcare services; however, the matter has not been studied among incarcerated people. This study asks two principal questions: How do incarcerated people's levels of trust in the internet and social and healthcare services affect their intention to use digital services? What factors explain incarcerated people's levels of trust? A cross‐sectional survey (n = 225) was carried out in 11 prisons in Finland and the results analysed using the Pearson product–moment correlation coefficient, a two‐tailed t‐test, and linear regression analysis. Since prisons are a quite unique context from the point of view of the use of digital services and there is no previous research on trust in digital social and healthcare services among incarcerated people, the statistical analysis was supplemented with qualitative interview data (n = 18). The study shows the importance of trust in relation to the use of digital social and healthcare services among incarcerated people. Previous use of services is positively associated with trust, and deficiencies in basic digital skills are negatively associated with trust. The qualitative analysis reveals that positive experiences of the trustworthiness of social and healthcare services do not always lead to affective trust. The community and social impact statement for this article can be found in the Supporting Information.
Bridging the Ideological Divide: Communicating the Positive Economic Impact of Climate Policy to Persuade the Right
Authors: Bertolotti Mauro , Catellani Patrizia 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPolitical polarisation on the issue of climate change is an obstacle to an effective public debate on the measures needed to tackle the problem. Communication that focuses on the economic dimension could be one way to increase the limited support of right‐wing audiences for climate policy. In two experimental studies, we examined how a message advocating a switch from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources affects participants' support for this policy. The message focused on the environmental or economic consequences of the policy (Studies 1 and 2), was framed in terms of gain or loss (Study 1) and was attributed to different sources (Study 2). Participants' political orientation and their beliefs and concerns about climate change were also assessed. The results showed that attitudes towards climate change and support for the policy were strongly related to political orientation. Right‐leaning participants were significantly less concerned about climate change and less supportive of the proposed policy. This effect was moderated by the focus of the message, as right‐leaning participants agreed more with the economic focus message than the environmental focus message, while left‐leaning participants did the opposite. The discussion focuses on the role of communication and message framing in integrating climate action into the political agenda and bridging the existing political divide.
Pectin: Structural Characteristics, ADME Profiles, and Their Interrelationship
Authors: Song Haizhao , Zhang Yanhui , Wang Fang , Wang Luanfeng , Xiong Ling , Shen Xinchun 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPectin, a plant‐derived polysaccharide, is highly valued for its gelling, thickening, and stabilizing properties, with extensive applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of pectin's structure, categorized by its degree of methyl esterification (DM) and key components, including homogalacturonan (HG) and rhamnogalacturonans (RG‐I and RG‐II). The influence of diverse extraction methods, such as subcritical water and microwave‐assisted techniques, on its structure and functionality is critically examined. Furthermore, the review investigates the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) profiles of pectin, emphasizing how structural factors like molecular weight, DM, and neutral sugars impact bioavailability and interactions with gut microbiota. Notably, this review highlights emerging research methodologies, offering novel insights into pectin's pharmacokinetics. By addressing these interrelationships, the review underscores pectin's potential applications in functional foods, personalized nutrition, and targeted therapeutics and identifies key knowledge gaps for future research.
Antifouling Activity of Xylemin, Its Structural Analogs, and Related Polyamines
Authors: Takamura Hiroyoshi , Yorisue Takefumi , Tanaka Kenta , Kadota Isao 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBiofouling, which is the accumulation of organisms on undersea structures, poses significant global, social, and economic issues. Although organotin compounds were effective antifoulants since the 1960s, they were banned in 2008 due to their toxicity to marine life. Although tin‐free alternatives have been developed, they also raise environmental concerns. This underscores the need for effective, nontoxic antifouling agents. We previously synthesized N‐(4‐aminobutyl)propylamine (xylemin) and its structural analogs. In this study, we assayed the antifouling activity and toxicity of xylemin, its structural analogs, and related polyamines toward cypris larvae of the barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite. Xylemin and its Boc‐protected analog exhibited antifouling activities with 50% effective concentrations (EC50) of 4.25 and 6.11 µg/mL, respectively. Four xylemin analogs did not show a settlement‐inhibitory effect at a concentration of 50 µg/mL. Putrescine, spermidine, spermine, and thermospermine, which are xylemin‐related polyamines, did not display antifoulant effects (EC50 > 50 µg/mL). All evaluated compounds were nontoxic at a concentration of 50 µg/mL. These findings indicate that the size and structure of the N‐alkyl group are essential for the antifouling activity of xylemin. Therefore, xylemin and its analogs hold promise as nontoxic, eco‐friendly antifouling agents, offering a sustainable solution to biofouling in marine environments.
Larvicidal Effects of Cymbopogon commutatus Essential Oil and Its Based Nanoformulations on Culex pipiens: Chemical Profiling and Physicochemical Characterization
Authors: Elghonemy Mai M. , Ayoob Fathalla , Abdel‐Ghany Hoda S. M. , Kassem Abdulsalam M. , El‐Gendy Abd El‐Nasser G. , Abdel‐Shafy Sobhy , Abd‐ElGawad Ahmed M. , Imagawa Hiroshi , Elshamy Abdelsamed I. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCymbopogon commutatus has been used as an ingredient in the manufacturing of soap and mosquito repellent. Herein, the chemical profiling of the C. commutatus aerial parts essential oil (CCEO) was constructed on the basis of the multiplex of GC–MS and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Four nanoformulations—EO nanoemulsions (CCEO@NE), chitosan‐coated (CSNPs@NE), silver nanoparticle–loaded (AgNPs@NE), and iron oxide–loaded (Fe2O3NPs@NE)—were formulated. The larvicidal effects of CCEO, its major component, and its nanoformulations were evaluated on Culex pipiens. Twenty‐seven components (99.77%)—including monoterpenes (78.36%) and sesquiterpenes (21.41%)—were tentatively identified, including geraniol (67.49%) and geranyl acetate (3.52%) as predominant constituents. Geraniol was isolated and confirmed via NMR spectroscopic analysis. The nanoformulations exhibited diverse characteristics, with particle sizes spanning from 81.28 ± 6.17 nm (CCEO@NE) to 128.67 ± 6.96 nm (Fe2O3NPs@NE) and encapsulation efficiencies ranging from 72.57% ± 4.05% (Fe2O3NPs@NE) to 83.73% ± 6.69% (CCEO@NE). Zeta potentials ranged from −21.38 ± 5.18 mV (AgNPs@NE) to +14.39 ± 2.19 mV (CSNPs@NE), indicating variations in surface charge stability. CCEO and geraniol showed the highest larvicidal effects, recording LC50 of 263.96 and 226.41 ppm, respectively, after 48 h of exposure. Nanoformulations showed latent effects and inhibitory activity in pupation and fly emergence. Consequently, CCEO and its nanoformulations may present good alternatives for controlling C. pipiens.
Megaprosthesis Infection by Bacteroides fragilis in a Patient With Ewing's Sarcoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Martínez‐Ysasis Yoleidys , Simonetti Antonella Francesca , Navarro Ferran 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBacteroides fragilis, typically linked to intra‐abdominal infections, caused a rare prosthetic infection in a patient with Ewing's sarcoma. Treated with intravenous and oral antibiotics, the patient fully recovered. This case underscores the diverse infections B. fragilis can cause and highlights the need for further research.
Counselor educator and program characteristics: Impacts on student development of therapeutic presence
Authors: Austin Jude , Austin Julius , Bandy Melissa 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis modified Delphi study identifies counselor educators’ individual and collective faculty unit characteristics that help and hinder students’ development of therapeutic presence. Engaging 15 experts, the findings enhance training approaches and highlight the importance of modeling effective therapeutic dispositions and behaviors in counselor education.
Unraveling Influential Factors of Stainless‐Steel Dissolution in High‐Energy Lithium Ion Batteries with LiFSI‐Based Electrolytes
Authors: Stan Marian Cristian , Yan Peng , Overhoff Gerrit Michael , Fehlings Nick , Kim Hyung‐Tae , Hinz Robert Tobias , Ingber Tjark Thorben Klaus , Guerdelli Rayan , Wölke Christian , Winter Martin , Brunklaus Gunther , Cekic‐Laskovic Isidora 
Published: February 2025

AbstractLeveraging physicochemical advantages over lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6), lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) is being investigated as a conducting salt for lithium manganese‐rich cathodes (LMR) and micro‐crystalline silicon anodes (μ‐Si). Nevertheless, its behavior towards the aluminum (Al) current collector and stainless‐steel (SUS) coin cell parts limits its application under operating conditions requiring potentials higher than 3.9 V vs. Li|Li+. Using a mixture of organic carbonate‐based solvents, various functional additives, and LiPF6 lithium salt concentrations up to 1.0 M, the instability issue of the Al current collector in the presence of LiFSI is avoided. However, stainless‐steel dissolution remains, being confirmed by both potentiodynamic measurements and SEM morphology investigations of the coin cell components after linear sweep voltammetry measurements carried out to 5.0 V. The results also indicate that the amount of stainless‐steel dissolution is influenced by both the LiFSI amount in the electrolyte and the quality (grade) of stainless‐steel used. Using Al‐coated SUS 316L coin cell parts and/or high concentration electrolytes (HCE) with LiFSI (≈4 M LiFSI), the observed stainless‐steel dissolution process can be fully avoided, allowing the evaluation of the electrochemical performance of LMR cathodes with μ‐Si anodes in LiFSI‐based electrolytes.