bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Origin of electrochemical voltage range and voltage profile of insertion electrodes
Authors: Shahpouri Elham , Kalantarian Mohammad Mahdi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study evaluates electrochemical voltage-range and voltage-profile regarding electrodes of insertion (intercalation) batteries. The phrase “voltage-range” expresses the difference between obtained maximum and minimum potential for the cells. It also can be called as operating voltage-range, working voltage-range, electrochemical voltage-range, or voltage window. This paper proposes a new notion regarding electron density of states, i.e. trans-band, which can be implemented to justify the voltage -range and -profile, by means of Fermi levels’ alignment. Voltage -range and -profile of a number of insertion electrode materials are clarified by the proposed theoretical approach, namely LiMn2O4, Li2Mn2O4, ZnMn2O4, LiFePO4, LiCoO2, Li2FeSiO4, LiFeSO4F, and TiS2. Moreover, the probable observed difference between charge and discharge profile is explained by the approach. The theoretical model/approach represents a number of important concepts, which can meet some scientific fields, e.g. electrochemistry, energy storage devices, solid state physics (DFT), and phase diagrams. By means of DFT calculations, this paper deals with quantizing the energy of electrochemical reactions, justifying the configuration of voltage-profile, and explaining the origin of the voltage-range. Accordance with the experimental observations suggests that this paper can extend boundary of quantum mechanics toward territories of classical thermodynamics, and boundary of the modern thermodynamics toward kinetics. Opening a new horizon in the related fields, this paper can help tuning, engineering, and predicting cell-voltage behavior.
Mycorrhizal fungi arbuscular in organic and conventional sugarcane systems
Authors: de Moura Jadson Belem , Ramos Maria Lucrécia Gerosa , de Freitas Konrad Maria Luiza , Saggin Júnior Orivaldo José , Dutra e Silva Sandro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOrganic production systems are increasingly gaining market share; however, there are still few studies on their influence on the activity of soil microorganisms in sugarcane. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are extremely sensitive to environmental changes, and their activity can be used as a parameter of comparison and quality between organic and conventional systems. The objective of this work was to evaluate mycorrhizal activity in different varieties of sugarcane under two production systems. This work was carried out in a commercial plantation of the Jalles Machado plant in the municipality of Goianésia in Goiás, Brazil. The values of spore density in the soil, mycorrhizal colonization rate in the roots and easily extractable glomalin were evaluated, and the associated fungal species were identified. There was no effect of sugarcane variety on the number of spores or the glomalin content in the soil. The conventional system presented significantly lower mycorrhizal colonization rates than did the organic system. The varieties cultivated under the conventional planting system showed a greater diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, where 12 of the 13 different species of mycorrhizal fungi found in both cultivation systems occurred.
The regionality and seasonality of tornado trends in the United States
Authors: Graber Matthew , Trapp Robert J. , Wang Zhuo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractContinued efforts to build human resilience to the impacts of tornadoes require updated knowledge of tornado occurrences as well as how their occurrence characteristics may be changing in time and varying by region. We have temporally and geospatially disaggregated annual tornado reports in the United States and revealed that significant, long-term decreases in tornado days from 1960 to 2022 have occurred over the months of June through August, primarily within the Southern Great Plains. In contrast, long-term increases in days of tornado outbreaks have occurred over this period, particularly within the Southeast U.S. and during warm- as well as cool-season months. There are indications that these dichotomous linear trends in tornado days and tornado outbreaks have relaxed over the most recent decade. Our study highlights the need to better understand the role of internal climate variability and anthropogenic forcing in modulating tornado activity.
Influence of aerosol forcing on the seasonal march of East Asia summer monsoon
Authors: Guo Shutong , Wang Xiaoyan , Gui Xiaowen , Tan Yanke 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFocusing on the anthropogenic aerosols effects on the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) progression, we found that aerosols delay the northward progression of EASM by one pentad in the south of the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River (PD1: pentads 25-35) and the North-Northeast China (PD3: pentads 38-42). However, aerosols have minimal impact on the seasonal march of EASM over the Yangtze-Huai River basin (PD2: pentads 36-37). In PD1 and PD3, aerosols reduce sea-land temperature differences. Also, a southward shift in the westerly jet causing lower-level north winds, which weakens the EASM in PD3. The delayed EASM progress shows its weakness in PD1 and PD3. While in PD2, EASM intensity weakens without affecting its northward progression. Aerosols, though affecting the position and intensity of Western Pacific Subtropical High, minimally influence its northward movement speed, hence no effect on the seasonal march of EASM in PD2.
The evolving roles of extracellular vesicles in embryo-maternal communication
Authors: Fazeli Alireza , Godakumara Kasun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMammalian reproduction relies on precise maternal-fetal communication, wherein immune modifications foster tolerance toward the semi-allogeneic embryo. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, have emerged as crucial mediators, transporting molecules like microRNAs securely. EVs influence various reproductive stages, from gamete maturation to implantation, and impact pathologies like pregnancy loss. In the embryo-maternal dialogue, EVs notably affect oviductal interactions, gene expression, and the embryo-endometrial interface, crucial for successful implantation. Key queries persist about EV uptake, cargo delivery, and the specific biomolecules driving communication. Their potential in diagnostics, therapeutics, and understanding environmental impacts on fertility signals an exciting future, reliant on collaborative efforts for transformative strides in reproductive health.
Geometric data analysis-based machine learning for two-dimensional perovskite design
Authors: Hu Chuan-Shen , Mayengbam Rishikanta , Wu Min-Chun , Xia Kelin , Sum Tze Chien 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWith extraordinarily high efficiency, low cost, and excellent stability, 2D perovskite has demonstrated a great potential to revolutionize photovoltaics technology. However, inefficient material structure representations have significantly hindered artificial intelligence (AI)-based perovskite design and discovery. Here we propose geometric data analysis (GDA)-based perovskite structure representation and featurization and combine them with learning models for 2D perovskite design. Both geometric properties and periodicity information of the material unit cell, are fully characterized by a series of 1D functions, i.e., density fingerprints (DFs), which are mathematically guaranteed to be invariant under different unit cell representations and stable to structure perturbations. Element-specific DFs, which are based on different site combinations and atom types, are combined with gradient boosting tree (GBT) model. It has been found that our GDA-based learning models can outperform all existing models, as far as we know, on the widely used new materials for solar energetics (NMSE) databank.
Multi-decadal climate variability and satellite biases have amplified model-observation discrepancies in tropical troposphere warming estimates
Authors: Chung Eui-Seok , Kim Seong-Joong , Sohn Byung-Ju , Noh Young-Chan , John Viju O. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMost coupled model simulations substantially overestimate tropical tropospheric warming trends over the satellite era, undermining the reliability of model-projected future climate change. Here we show that the model-observation discrepancy over the satellite era has arisen in large part from multi-decadal climate variability and residual biases in the satellite record. Analyses indicate that although the discrepancy is closely linked to multi-decadal variability in the tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures, the overestimation remains over the satellite era in model simulations forced by observed time-varying sea surface temperatures with a La Niña-like pattern. Regarding moist thermodynamic processes governing tropical tropospheric warming, however, we find a broad model-observation consistency over a post-war period, suggesting that residual biases in the satellite record may contribute to model-observation discrepancy. These results underscore the importance of sustaining an accurate long-term observing system as well as constraining the model representation of tropical Pacific sea surface temperature change and variability.
A gamepad-like nucleic acid testing device for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 via visible nested recombinase polymerase amplification
Authors: Liu Ce , Lin Baobao , Yuan Guohua , Geng Zhi , Zhao Zhe , Wang Jiacheng , Shao Jingyu , Wang Zhenqi , Xu Yang , Yang Xujuan , Liu Chang , Feng Yingmei , Fan Xin , Wang Jing , Ren Lili , Xiao Yan , Wang Conghui , Shen Guang , Yang Yi , Zhao Chao , Li Yinqing , Liu Peng , Bai Jingwei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNucleic acid tests are essential for the accurate diagnosis and control of infectious diseases. However, current assays are not easily scalable for a large population, due to the requirement of laboratory settings or special equipment. Here, we developed an integrated box for instant nucleic acid screening which fully integrates nucleic acid release, amplification, and results visualization for self-service standalone test. Importantly, the operation of the box runs on a novel gamepad-like interface, which allows deployment of the box in home settings and operation by users without any prior professional training. The performance of the box is empowered by an RNA extraction-free sample inactivation process and nested recombinase polymerase amplification chemistry and exhibits sensitivity comparable to reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction with high specificity for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA in a reaction time of 30 minutes directly from fresh swab sample to results. These innovations make the box a novel platform for a convenient, accurate, and deployable point-of-care testing scheme.
An impressionist view of V Hydrae
Authors: Planquart L. , Paladini C. , Jorissen A. , Escorza A. , Pantin E. , Drevon J. , Aringer B. , Baron F. , Chiavassa A. , Cruzalèbes P. , Danchi W. , De Beck E. , Groenewegen M. A. T. , Höfner S. , Hron J. , Khouri T. , Lopez B. , Lykou F. , Montarges M. , Nardetto N. , Ohnaka K. , Olofsson H. , Rau G. , Rosales-Guzmán A. , Sanchez-Bermudez J. , Scicluna P. , Siess L. , Thévenin F. , Van Eck S. , Vlemmings W. H. T. , Weigelt G. , Wittkowski M. 
Published: June 2024

Context. Asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars enrich the interstellar medium through their mass loss. The mechanism(s) shaping the circumstellar environment of mass-losing stars is not clearly understood so far.
Aims. Our purpose is to study the effect of binary companions located within the first 10 stellar radii from the primary AGB star. In this work, we target the mass-losing carbon star V Hydrae (V Hya) and search for signatures of its companion in the dust-forming region of the atmosphere.
Methods. The star was observed in the L and N bands with the VLTI/MATISSE instrument at low spectral resolution. We reconstructed images of the photosphere and surroundings of V Hya using the two bands and compared our interferometric observables with VLTI/MIDI and VISIR archival data. To constrain the dust properties, we used the 1D radiative transfer code DUSTY to model the spectral energy distribution.
Results. The star is dominated by dust emission in the L- and N-bands. The MATISSE reconstructed images show asymmetric and elongated structures in both infrared bands. In the L band, we detected an elongated shape of approximately 15 mas that likely is of photospheric origin. In the N band, we found a 20 mas extension northeast from the star and perpendicular to the L-band elongated axis. The position angle and the size of the N-band extension match the prediction of the companion position at the MATISSE epoch. By comparing MATISSE N-band with MIDI data, we deduce that the elongation axis in the N-band has rotated since the previous interferometric measurements 13 yr ago, supporting the idea that the particle enhancement is related to the dusty clump moving along with the companion. The VISIR image confirms the presence of a large-scale dusty circumstellar envelope surrounding V Hya.
Conclusions. The MATISSE images unveil the presence of a dust enhancement at the position of the companion. This opens new doors for further analyses of the binary interaction with an AGB component.
Cataclysmic variables around the period-bounce: An eROSITA-enhanced multiwavelength catalog
Authors: Muñoz-Giraldo Daniela , Stelzer Beate , Schwope Axel 
Published: June 2024

Context. Cataclysmic variables (CVs) with degenerate donors that have evolved past the period minimum are predicted to make up a great portion of the CV population, namely, between 40% and 80%. However, either due to shortcomings in the models or the intrinsic faintness of these strongly evolved systems, only a few of these so-called “period-bouncers” have been confidently identified thus far.
Aims. We compiled a multiwavelength catalog of period-bouncers and CVs around the period minimum from the literature to provide an in-depth characterization of the elusive subclass of period-bounce CVs that will support the identification of new candidates.
Methods. We combined recently published or archival multiwavelength data with new X-ray observations from the all-sky surveys carried out with the extended ROentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array (eROSITA) on board the Spektrum-Roentgen-Gamma spacecraft (SRG). Our catalog comprises 192 CVs around the period minimum, chosen as likely period-bounce candidates based on reported short orbital periods and low donor mass. This sample helped us establish specific selection parameters, which were used to compile a “scorecard” that rates the likelihood that a particular system is a period-bouncer.
Results. Our “scorecard” correctly assigns high scores to the already confirmed period-bouncers in our literature catalog. It has also identified 103 additional strong period-bounce candidates in the literature that had not previously been classified as such. We established two selection cuts based on the X-ray-to-optical flux ratio (−1.21 ≤ log(Fx/Fopt) ≤ 0) and the typical X-ray luminosity (log(Lx,bol) ≤ 30.4 [erg s−1]) observed from the eight period-bouncers that have already been confirmed with eROSITA data. These X-ray selection cuts led to the updated categorization of seven systems as new period-bouncers, increasing their known population to 24 systems in total.
Conclusions. Our multiwavelength catalog of CVs around the period minimum drawn from the literature, together with X-ray data from eROSITA, has resulted in a ~40% increase in the population of period-bouncers. Both the catalog and “scorecard” we constructed will aid in future searches for new period-bounce candidates. These tools will contribute to the goal of resolving the discrepancy between the predicted high number of period-bouncers and the low number of these systems successfully observed to date.
MINCE
Authors: François P. , Cescutti G. , Bonifacio P. , Caffau E. , Monaco L. , Steffen M. , Puschnig J. , Calura F. , Cristallo S. , Di Marcantonio P. , Dobrovolskas V. , Franchini M. , Gallagher A. J. , Hansen C. J. , Korn A. , Kučinskas A. , Lallement R. , Lombardo L. , Lucertini F. , Magrini L. , Matas Pinto A. M. , Matteucci F. , Mucciarelli A. , Sbordone L. , Spite M. , Spitoni E. , Valentini M. 
Published: June 2024

Context. Most of the studies on the determination of the chemical composition of metal-poor stars have been focused on the search of the most pristine stars, searching for the imprints of the ejecta of the first supernovae. Apart from the rare and very interesting r-enriched stars, few elements are measurable in the very metal-poor stars. On the other hand, a lot of work has been done also on the thin-disc and thick-disc abundance ratios in a metallicity range from [Fe/H]> −1.5 dex to solar. In the available literature, the intermediate metal-poor stars (−2.5<[Fe/H]< −1.5) have been frequently overlooked. The MINCE (Measuring at Intermediate metallicity Neutron-Capture Elements) project aims to gather the abundances of neutron-capture elements but also of light elements and iron peak elements in a large sample of giant stars in this metallicity range. The missing information has consequences for the precise study of the chemical enrichment of our Galaxy in particular for what concerns neutron-capture elements and it will be only partially covered by future multi object spectroscopic surveys such as WEAVE and 4MOST.
Aims. The aim of this work is to study the chemical evolution of galactic sub-components recently identified (i.e. Gaia Sausage Enceladus (GSE), Sequoia).
Methods. We used high signal-to-noise ratios, high-resolution spectra and standard 1D LTE spectrum synthesis to determine the detailed abundances.
Results. We could determine the abundances for up to 10 neutron-capture elements (Sr, Y, Zr, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm and Eu) in 33 stars. The general trends of abundance ratios [n-capture element/Fe] versus [Fe/H] are in agreement with the results found in the literature. When our sample is divided in sub-groups depending on their kinematics, we found that the run of [Sr/Ba] versus [Ba/H] for the stars belonging to the GSE accretion event shows a tight anti-correlation. The results for the Sequoia stars, although based on a very limited sample, shows a [Sr/Ba] systematically higher than the [Sr/Ba] found in the GSE stars at a given [Ba/H] hinting at a different nucleosynthetic history. Stochastic chemical evolution models have been computed to understand the evolution of the GSE chemical composition of Sr and Ba. The first conclusions are that the GSE chemical evolution is similar to the evolution of a dwarf galaxy with galactic winds and inefficient star formation.
Conclusions. Detailed abundances of neutron-capture elements have been measured in high-resolution, high signal-to-noise spectra of intermediate metal-poor stars, the metallicity range covered by the MINCE project. These abundances have been compared to detailed stochastic models of galactic chemical evolution.
HESS J1745−290 spectrum explained by a transition in the diffusion regime of PeV cosmic rays in the Sgr A* accretion flow
Authors: Muena Claudio , Riquelme Mario , Reisenegger Andreas , Sandoval Astor 
Published: June 2024

Context. The diffuse TeV gamma-ray emission detected in the inner ∼100 pc of the Galactic center suggests the existence of a central cosmic-ray accelerator reaching ∼PeV energies. It is interesting to associate this so-called “PeVatron” with the point source HESS J1745−290, whose position is consistent with that of the central supermassive black hole Sgr A*. However, the point source shows a spectral break at a few TeV that is not shown by the diffuse emission, challenging this association.
Aims. We seek to build an emission model for the point source that is consistent with both emissions being produced by the same population of relativistic protons continuously injected with a power-law spectrum up to ∼PeV energies near Sgr A*.
Methods. In our model, we assume that the point source is produced by hadronic collisions between the cosmic rays and the gas in the accretion flow of Sgr A*. The cosmic-ray density is calculated taking into consideration cosmic-ray transport due to diffusion and advection, while the properties of the gas are obtained from previous numerical simulations of the accretion flow.
Results. Our model succeeds in explaining both the point source and the diffuse emission with the same cosmic rays injected in the vicinity of Sgr A*, as long as the coherence length of the magnetic turbulence in the accretion flow is lc ∼ (1 − 3)×1014 cm. The spectral break of the point source appears naturally due to an energy-dependent transition in the way the cosmic rays diffuse within the inner ∼0.1 pc of the accretion flow (where most of the emission is produced).
Conclusions. Our model supports the idea that Sgr A* can be a PeVatron, whose accelerated cosmic rays give rise to both the point source and the diffuse emission. Future TeV telescopes such as CTAO will be able to test this model.
The new Herschel/PACS Point Source Catalogue
Authors: Marton G. , Gezer I. , Madarász M. , Dionatos O. , Audard M. , Roquette J. , Hernandez D. , Paladini R. , Altieri B. 
Published: June 2024

Context. Herschel operated as an observatory, and therefore it did not cover the whole sky, but still observed ~8% of it. The first version of an overall Herschel/PACS Point Source Catalogue (PSC) was released in 2017. The data are still unique and are very important for research using far-infrared information, especially because no new far-infrared mission is foreseen for at least the next decade. In the framework of the NEMESIS project, we revisited all the photometric observations obtained by the PACS instrument on-board the Herschel space observatory, using more advanced techniques than before, including machine learning techniques.
Aims. Our aim was to build the most complete and most accurate Herschel/PACS catalogue to date. Our primary goal was to increase the number of real sources, and decrease the number of spurious sources identified on a strongly variable background, which is due to the thermal emission of the interstellar dust, mostly located in star-forming regions. Our goal was to build a blind catalogue, meaning that source extraction is conducted without relying on prior detections at various wavelengths, allowing us to detect sources never catalogued before.
Methods. The methods for data analysis have evolved continuously since the first release of a uniform Herschel/PACS catalogue. We define a hybrid strategy that includes classical and machine learning source identification and characterisation methods that optimise faint-source detection, providing catalogues at much higher completeness levels than before. Quality assessment also involves machine learning techniques. Our source extraction methodology facilitates a systematic and impartial comparison of sensitivity levels across various Herschel fields, a task that was typically beyond the scope of individual programmes.
Results. We created a high-reliability and a rejected source catalogue for each PACS passband: 70, 100, and 160 μm. With the high-reliability catalogue, we managed to significantly increase the completeness in all bands, especially at 70 μm. At the same time, while the number of high-reliability detections decreased, the number of sources matching with existing catalogues increased, suggesting that the purity is also higher than before. The photometric accuracy of our pipeline is ~1% based on comparison with the standard star models.