bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health-related quality of life of children with X-linked hypophosphatemia in Germany
Authors: Klein Martin , Obermaier Michael , Mutze Helena , Wilden Sophia Maria , Rehberg Mirko , Schlingmann Karl Peter , Schmidt Dorothee , Metzing Oliver , Hübner Angela , Richter-Unruh Anette , Kemper Markus J. , Weitz Marcus , Wühl Elke , Jorch Norbert , Patzer Ludwig , Freiberg Clemens , Heger Sabine , Ziviknjak Miroslav , Schnabel Dirk , Haffner Dieter ,   on behalf of the German Society for Pediatric Nephrology (GPN) and the German Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology and Diabetology (DGPAED)
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a rare inherited phosphate-wasting disorder associated with bone and dental complications. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is reduced in XLH patients on conventional treatment with phosphate supplements and active vitamin D, while information on patients treated with burosumab is rare.

Methods
HRQoL was assessed in 63 pediatric XLH patients participating in a prospective, observational study and patient registry in Germany using the KIDSCREEN-52 survey instrument and standardized qualitative interviews.

Results
The median age of the XLH patients was 13.2 years (interquartile range 10.6 – 14.6). At the time of the survey, 55 (87%) patients received burosumab and 8 (13%) conventional treatment. Forty-six patients (84%) currently being treated with burosumab previously received conventional treatment. Overall, HRQoL was average compared to German reference values (mean ± SD: self-report, 53.36 ± 6.47; caregivers’ proxy, 51.33 ± 7.15) and even slightly above average in some dimensions, including physical, mental, and social well-being. In general, XLH patients rated their own HRQoL higher than their caregivers. In qualitative interviews, patients and caregivers reported that, compared with conventional therapy, treatment with burosumab reduced stress, bone pain, and fatigue, improved physical health, and increased social acceptance by peers and the school environment.

Conclusions
In this real-world study in pediatric XLH patients, HRQoL was average or even slightly above that of the general population, likely due to the fact that the vast majority of patients had their treatment modality switched from conventional treatment to burosumab resulting in improved physical health and well-being.

Graphical abstract
Promoting clinical reasoning in undergraduate Family Medicine curricula through concept mapping: a qualitative approach
Authors: Fonseca Marta , Marvão Pedro , Rosado-Pinto Patrícia , Rendas António , Heleno Bruno 
Published: June 2024

AbstractClinical reasoning is a crucial skill for physicians, enabling them to bridge theoretical knowledge with practical application. The gap between basic sciences and clinical practice persists as a challenge, with traditional teaching methods yet to effectively bridge it. Concept maps (CMs), visual tools for organizing and connecting knowledge, hold promise for enhancing clinical reasoning in the undergraduate medical curriculum. However, further research is required to ascertain if CMs facilitate clinical reasoning development in medical students transitioning from basic sciences to clinical practice. This study aims to delineate how CMs can facilitate clinical reasoning in patients with multimorbidity within undergraduate Family Medicine curricula, as perceived by students and tutors, and to understand the implementation process and resources required. This exploratory qualitative study formed a part of an action research project. While introducing an educational intervention to 5th-year medical students, we conducted a qualitative evaluation. Subsequently, semi-structured group interviews were conducted with students, and a focus group was conducted with tutors. Three main educational impacts were identified: integration of clinical information, support for patient management and care plan, and collaborative learning. Key aspects for successful CM implementation included clear instructions for map construction, using user-friendly software, allocating sufficient time for the task, encouraging group discussion of CMs, and incorporating tutor feedback. CMs are pedagogical tools that facilitate clinical information integration and support management and treatment plans, helping students better understand multimorbidity patients and promoting some components of clinical reasoning in undergraduate medical education.
Exploring of miR-155-5p, miR-181b-5p, and miR-454-3p Expressions in Circulating Cell-Free RNA: Insights from Peripheral Blood of Uveal Malignant Melanoma Patients
Authors: Masoumeh Hassani , Tunay Doğan , Demet Ödemiş Akdeniz , Samuray Tuncer , Hülya Yazıcı 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe identification of novel non-invasive biomarkers is imperative for the early diagnosis and monitoring of malignant melanoma. The objective of this study is to examine the expression levels of miR-155-5p, miR-181b-5p, and miR-454-3p in circulating cell-free RNA obtained from plasma samples of the 72 uveal malignant melanoma patients and to compare these levels with those of 72 healthy controls. The analysis showed that the expression level of the miR-181b-5p has increased 9.25 fold, and expression level of miR-155-5p has increased 6.67 fold, and miR-454-3p expression level has increased 4.14 fold in the patient group compared with the levels in the healthy control group (p = 0.005). It was found that the high expression levels of the three miRNAs were statistically significant in patients compared with in the healthy control group. The statistical evaluations between miRNA expression levels and clinical data showed that miR-155-5p had significant association with radiation therapy (p = 0.040), and miR-454-3p showed a significant association with smoking and alcohol use respectively (p = 0.009, and p = 0.026). The significantly elevated expression levels of miR-181b-5p, miR-155-5p, and miR-454-3p in the circulating cell-free RNA of plasma from uveal melanoma patients, in comparison to those in the healthy control group, suggest the potential usefulness of these biomarkers for both early diagnosis and disease monitoring. However, more extensive and future studies are needed to use these molecules in early diagnosis and disease monitoring.
The Manganari's Legacy: an atlas of the Black Sea, Drawn from Nature
Authors: Constantinescu Stefan , Budileanu Marius 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article delves into the historical and cartographic significance of the Manganari Atlas, a monumental work that marked a pivotal moment in the maritime cartography of the Black Sea during the nineteenth century. Originating from the Russian Empire's strategic desire to enhance navigation and assert its presence in the Black Sea, the atlas represents not only a technical achievement in mapping but also a cultural and political artifact of its time. Through a meticulous analysis of the atlas, this study highlights the challenges encountered in its creation, the technical innovations employed, and the political motivations driving its development. The atlas is examined not merely as a collection of maps but as a synthesis of the cultural, linguistic, and geopolitical landscape of the era, reflecting the Russian Empire's aspirations. The panoramic images by Kukharevsky are particularly noted for their potential to aid in coastal geomorphological studies and the reconstruction of various geographical landscapes. The article also addresses the necessity of understanding the technical aspects of cartography for accurate analysis and comparison of historical maps.
Aphakia treatment with sutureless scleral fixation or retropupillary iris-claw intraocular lens implantation: visual acuity, anterior segment and keratometry outcomes
Authors: Toptan Müslüm , Yilmaz Omer Faruk , Oguz Halit 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Evaluation of anterior segment parameters using the Scheimpflug corneal topography 1 year after surgery in patients who underwent sutureless scleral fixation intraocular lens (SFIOL) implantation using the modified Yamane technique and retropupillary iris-claw intraocular lens (RPIOL) implantation.

Methods
A total of 60 eyes from 57 patients who underwent sutureless SFIOL implantation and 57 eyes from 52 patients who underwent RPIOL implantation were included. Anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber angle (ACA), anterior chamber volume (ACV), anterior–posterior corneal astigmatism, and keratometric values were assessed using the Scheimpflug corneal topography (Pentacam HR, Germany).

Results
There was no statistically significant difference in postoperative UCVA and BCVA between the sutureless SFIOL and the RPIOL group (p = 0.236, p = 0.293, respectively). While there was no statistically significant difference in postoperative IOP between the two groups (p = 0.223), a statistically significant decrease in IOP was observed in both groups (p < 0.001). While there was no statistical difference between the sutureless SFIOL group and the RPIOL group in terms of spherical value (p = 0.441) and spherical equivalence (p = 0.237), there was a statistically significant difference in cylindrical value (p < 0.001). While there was a statistical difference in anterior astigmatism (p < 0.001), there was no statistical difference in posterior astigmatism (p = 0.405). There was no statistical difference in terms of ACV, ACD, and ACA between the sutureless SFIOL and the RPIOL group (p = 0.812, p = 0.770, p = 0.401, respectively).

Conclusion
In this study, although there was a statistical difference in cylindrical value and anterior corneal astigmatism between the sutureless SFIOL and RPIOL groups, vision was not affected. According to this study, sutureless SFIOL and RPIOL are two successful methods in terms of visual acuity, anterior segment, and keratometry outcomes in aphakic patients after phacoemulsification.
An Economic Framework for Creating AI-Augmented Solutions Across Countries Over Time
Authors: Kim Jin Sik , Yeo Jinsoo , Jain Hemant 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the potential for collaboration between countries with differential resource endowments to advance AI innovation and achieve mutual economic benefits. Our framework juxtaposes economies with a comparative advantage in AI-capital and those with a comparative advantage in tech-labor, analyzing how these endowments can lead to enhanced comparative advantages over time. Through the application of various production functions and the use of Edgeworth boxes, our analysis reveals that strategic collaboration based on comparative advantage can yield Pareto improvements for both developed and developing countries. Nonetheless, this study also discusses the challenges of uneven benefit distribution, particularly the risk of “brain drain” from developing nations. Contributing to the discourse on the economics of AI and international collaboration, this study highlights the importance of thoughtful strategic planning to promote equitable and sustainable AI development worldwide.
A comprehensive experimental and DFT analysis on thermoelectric properties of Sb, Te co-doped Bi2Se3 polycrystals
Authors: Puthran Suchitra , Hegde Ganesh Shridhar , Prabhu A. N. , Mishra Vikash , Yang Tzu-Yi , Kuo Y. K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs tellurides and selenides of Bismuth are extensively used thermoelectric materials in the low-temperature range with refrigeration application, A concerted effort is put forth to boost the ZT by co-doping the pristine Bi2Se3 with antimony (Sb) on cation end and tellurium (Te) on anion side of the compound. The double sintered solid-state reaction method is employed in the preparation of Bi2Se3 and (Bi1−xSbx)2Se2.7Te0.3 polycrystalline pellets, with x = 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06. The sample exhibits a rhombohedral structure with the space group of R $$\overline{3 }$$

3
¯

m. FESEM and EDAX analysis are used to confirm surface morphology and elemental composition of the produced samples. The thermoelectric measurements for the pristine and co-doped samples were conducted by the physical property measurement system as well as a considerable increase in the Seebeck coefficient of − 115 µV/K is observed for 0.02 doping of the Sb which is 4.2 times greater than as for pristine (S = − 28 µV/K). Higher concentration doping (x = 0.04, 0.06) has not reflected any Seebeck coefficient advancement. In contrast, the lowest total thermal conductivity at a low-temperature regime (< 50 K) is observed for x = 0.06 doping concentration which at near room temperature increases beyond the pristine thermal conductivity; whereas, x = 0.02, 0.04 doping concentration shows a decrement in total thermal conductivity at low, at room temperature region the values are almost equivalent to that of pristine. The co-doped samples’ electrical resistivity is substantially less than pristine sample. The highest power factor of 3 × 10–4 µW/mK2 is obtained for the x = 0.02 sample. The highest ZT value for the x = 0.02 sample is almost 28 times more than a pristine sample. We conducted a study where we combined experimental and DFT methods to investigate thermoelectric properties incorporated into pristine and doped with antimony and tellurium on Bi2Se3. We have employed this combination to investigate the partial density of states, Seebeck coefficient, power factor using the Boltzmann transport equation. Theoretical thermoelectric data were derived and compared to experimental observations. Hence, using combined experimental and theoretical investigations helps to predict with higher accuracy of thermoelectric properties of semiconducting materials.
Enhanced photocatalytic abilities of innovative NbTaZrMoW high-entropy alloys (HEAs): a comparative analysis with its high entropy oxide (HEO) counterpart
Authors: Zakir O. , Guler O. , Idouhli R. , Nayad A. , Khadiri M. E. , Guler S. H. , Abouelfida A. , Dikici B. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe photocatalytic performance of high entropy alloy (HEA) and its oxide form (high entropy oxide, HEO) have been evaluated in this study. The HEA, composed of Nb, Ta, Zr, Mo, and W powders, was synthesized through a mechanical alloying process for 120 h. This process was carried out under a high-purity Ar atmosphere to prevent oxidation. Subsequently, the HEA was converted into HEO via a mechano-thermal oxidation method 900 °C for 12 h. The photocatalytic activity of both oxidized and non-oxidized samples was systematically evaluated by degradation of methyl blue (MB) under UV irradiation. Electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to investigate the structural and chemical features of the alloys. Furthermore, BET surface area analysis and Zeta potential measurements were conducted to understand the alloys’ surface properties and stability in aqueous solutions. The results showed that the HEA has a remarkable photodegradation performance of around 58.77% which is two times higher than that observed with the HEO.
Graphical abstract
Knock-Out of ACY-1 Like Gene in Spodoptera litura Supports the Notion that FACs Improve Nitrogen Metabolism
Authors: Maruoka Tsuyoshi , Shirai Yu , Daimon Takaaki , Fujii Rei , Dannoura Masako , Seidl-Adams Irmgard , Mori Naoki , Yoshinaga Naoko 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVolicitin [N-(17-hydroxylinolenoyl)-L-glutamine] and N-linolenoyl-L-glutamine were originally identified in the regurgitant of Spodoptera exigua larvae. These fatty acid amino acid conjugates (FACs) are known to be elicitors that induce plants to release volatile compounds which in turn attract natural enemies of the larvae such as parasitic wasps. FAC concentrations are regulated by enzymatic biosynthesis and hydrolysis in the intestine of Lepidoptera larvae. It has been proposed that FAC metabolism activates glutamine synthetase and plays an important role in nitrogen metabolism in larvae. In this study, we identified candidate genes encoding a FACs hydrolase in Spodoptera litura using genomic information of various related lepidopteran species in which FACs hydrolases have been reported. We analyzed the importance of FAC hydrolysis on caterpillar performance with CRISPR/Cas9 knock outs. Larvae of strains with an inactive FACs hydrolase excreted FACs in their feces. They absorbed 30% less nitrogen from the diet compared to WT caterpillars resulting in a reduction of their body weight of up to 40% compared to wild type caterpillars. These results suggest that the hydrolysis of FACs is an important metabolism for insects and that FACs are important for larval growth.
The Value of Researcher Reflexivity in the Coproduction of Public Policy: A Practical Perspective
Authors: Cinamon Nair Yamini , Fabian Mark 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCoproduction of public policy involves bringing together technical experts, practitioners, and people with lived experience of that policy to collaboratively and deliberatively codesign it. Coproduction can leverage different ways of knowing and evaluative perspectives on a policy area to enhance the legitimacy and efficaciousness of policymaking. This article argues that researcher reflexivity is crucial for getting the most out of coproduction ethically and epistemically. By reflecting on our positionality, habitus, and biases, we can gain new insights into how we affect the research design, production and analysis of data, and communication of findings. This reflexivity helps to disrupt power dynamics that underly research and policymaking, helping to realise the radical potential of coproduction to democratise practice, empower citizens, and make research more relational. We demonstrate the value of reflexivity through an analysis of our work coproducing a theory of thriving in financial hardship in partnership with the UK national anti-poverty charity Turn2us. We contextualise our advocacy for reflexivity within the practical realities of advancing coproduction in the UK today.
The Weighted p-Norm Weight Set Decomposition for Multiobjective Discrete Optimization Problems
Authors: Helfrich Stephan , Prinz Kathrin , Ruzika Stefan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMany solution algorithms for multiobjective optimization problems are based on scalarization methods that transform the multiobjective problem into a scalar-valued optimization problem. In this article, we study the theory of weighted $$p$$
p
-norm scalarizations. These methods minimize the distance induced by a weighted $$p$$
p
-norm between the image of a feasible solution and a given reference point. We provide a comprehensive theory of the set of eligible weights and, in particular, analyze the topological structure of the normalized weight set. This set is composed of connected subsets, called weight set components which are in a one-to-one relation with the set of optimal images of the corresponding weighted $$p$$
p
-norm scalarization. Our work generalizes and complements existing results for the weighted sum and the weighted Tchebycheff scalarization and provides new insights into the structure of the set of all Pareto optimal solutions.
Sinusoidal oscillator parametrically forced to robust hyperchaotic states: the lumpkin case
Authors: Petrzela Jiri , Polak Ladislav 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to showcase the capability of the conventional circuit structure known as the Lumpkin oscillator, widely employed in practical applications, to operate in robust chaotic or hyperchaotic steady states. Through numerical analysis, we demonstrate that the generated signals exhibit a significant level of unpredictability and randomness, as evidenced by positive Lyapunov exponents, approximate entropy, recurrence plots, and other indicators of complex dynamics. We establish the structural stability of strange attractors through design and practical construction of a flow-equivalent fourth-order chaotic oscillator, followed by experimental measurements. The oscilloscope screenshots captured align well with the plane projections of the approximate solutions derived from the underlying mathematical models.
Evaluation of 21 different media on shoot regeneration in 11 cultivars of citrus using juvenile tissue
Authors: Meira Filipe Sathler , Shao Min , Niedz Randall P. , Thomson James G. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract Citrus is one of the most important global fruit crops, with oranges accounting for more than half the total production. Citrus can be genetically engineered for improved traits, but the process is severely limited by shoot regeneration rates, especially in commercial varieties. Although standardizing a transformation protocol is difficult due to genotype and season dependencies, use of an optimal mineral nutrient basal culture medium increases the success of recovering transgenic Citrus cells. The purpose of this study is to improve shoot regeneration from juvenile tissue in multiple Citrus genotypes. Explants of 11 Citrus cultivars were regenerated in 21 published media to determine the optimal media for each genotype. The number of shoots from juvenile tissue were counted 90 days after the explants were first cultured. The type of basal medium strongly affected the rates of shoot regeneration from Citrus juvenile tissue, and the effectiveness was negatively correlated with the level of ammonium. For each Citrus grouping, optimized media formulations were determined, and potential improvements were predicted. In general, medium R7100 appeared to be the most effective for regeneration of the Citrus genotypes tested.
Generalisable sensor-free frustration detection in online learning environments using machine learning
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Mustaneer , Ollington Robert , Yeom Soonja , Ollington Nadia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLearning can generally be categorised into three domains, which include cognitive (thinking), affective (emotions or feeling) and psychomotor (physical or kinesthetic). In the learner model, acknowledging the affective aspects of learning is important for a range of learner outcomes, including motivation, persistence, and engagement. Learners’ affective states can be detected using physical (e.g. cameras) and physiological sensors (e.g., EEG) in online learning. Although these detectors demonstrate high accuracy, they raise privacy concerns for learners and present challenges in deploying them on a large scale to larger groups of students or in classroom settings. Consequently, researchers have designed an alternative method that can recognise students’ affective states at any point during online learning from their interaction with a computer-based learning platform (i.e. intelligent tutoring systems) without using any sensors. Existing sensor-free affect detectors however, are less accurate and not directly generalisable to other domains and systems. This research focuses on developing generalisable sensor-free affect detectors to identify students’ frustration during online learning using machine learning classifiers. The detectors were built by identifying minimal optimal features associated with frustration from the high-dimensional feature space through a series of experiments on a real-world students’ affective dataset, which are generalisable across various learning platforms and domains. To evaluate their accuracy and generalisability, the detectors’ performance was validated on two independent datasets collected from different educational institutions. The experimental results show that cost-sensitive Bayesian classifiers can achieve higher affect detection accuracies with a small number of generalisable features compared to other classifiers.