bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prevalence of children affected by parental cancer and their use of specialized psychiatric services: The 1987 Finnish Birth Cohort study
Authors: Niemelä Mika , Paananen Reija , Hakko Helinä , Merikukka Marko , Gissler Mika , Räsänen Sami 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe studies reporting population‐based estimates of the proportion of children with a parent suffering from cancer are very few. These children have been shown to suffer from psychological symptoms, but it is not known whether their use of psychiatric services is increased. Our study examined the prevalence of children affected by parental cancer at national level and whether these children use specialized psychiatric services more than their peers. The study is a retrospective population‐based registry study. All 60,069 children born in Finland in 1987 were followed up with various health and social registers from 1987 to 2008. The associations of parental cancer treatments with children's psychiatric service use were analyzed with logistic regressions. During the 21‐year follow‐up 3,909 (6.6%) of the children had a parent suffering from cancer. The children of the cancer patients used more specialized psychiatric care than their peers and the service use depended on parent's gender, as well as cohort members' gender and the age at occurrence. The combination of parental cancer and psychiatric disorder, whether the ill parent or spouse, increased the children's psychiatric service use even more. Children affected by parental cancer comprise a substantial part of the population in society using increased level of psychiatric services. Parental cancer is clearly an illness which has to be taken into account in planning child‐ and parenting‐focused prevention and promotion actions in adult health care. “Parent's cancer is like a tsunami which rolls over the whole family. If it struck a thousand families at the same time the whole healthcare system would be mobilized. But when it strikes one family at a time you are left alone with your children” (quote from a father during a family intervention). Weaver et al.1 have reported that 14% of all cancer survivors in the USA have minor dependent children, representing a population of about 1.58 million survivors and 2.85 million children. A significant part of working age population is thus struggling with concerns related to serious illness, parenting and the wellbeing of children.
Aberrant expression of nuclear vimentin and related epithelial–mesenchymal transition markers in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Luo Weiren , Fang Weiyi , Li Siyi , Yao Kaitai 
Published: February 2012

AbstractExpression of vimentin and the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers E‐cadherin, β‐catenin is essential for the progression of various human cancers. Our study aimed to investigate the aberrant localization E‐cadherin, β‐catenin and vimentin, and their prognostic significance in 122 nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Our results showed that both membranous and cytoplasmic localization of E‐cadherin staining were associated with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.000 and 0.005, respectively) and clinical stage (p = 0.000 and 0.007, respectively). High cytoplasmic β‐catenin correlated significantly with larger tumor size (p = 0.020), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.000) and advanced clinical stage (p = 0.036). However, no significant difference was observed between membranous β‐catenin and clinicopathologic features (p ≥ 0.05). High nuclear vimentin expression correlated significantly with positive lymph node metastasis (p = 0.000) and advanced clinical stage (p = 0.000). Multivariate analysis showed that nuclear vimentin and cytoplasmic E‐cadherin were independent prognostic factors (p = 0.016 and 0.001, respectively), as well as M classification (p = 0.001). More importantly, patients with high coexpression of nuclear vimentin and cytoplasmic E‐cadherin had shorter survival time (p = 0.000). Furthermore, high coexpression of these two proteins was closely associated with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.000) and advanced clinical stage (p = 0.000). Our studies provide convincing evidence that EMT may play an important role in the biological progression of NPC, and nuclear vimentin and cytoplasmic E‐cadherin might have independent prognostic value in NPC patients and serve as novel targets for prognostic therapeutics.
Remarkable inhibition of mTOR signaling by the combination of rapamycin and 1,4‐phenylenebis(methylene)selenocyanate in human prostate cancer cells
Authors: Facompre Nicole D. , Sinha Indu , El‐Bayoumy Karam , Pinto John T. , Sinha Raghu 
Published: February 2012

AbstractPreclinical studies and clinical analyses have implicated the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in the progression of prostate cancer, suggesting mTOR as a potential target for new therapies. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase, belongs to two distinct signaling complexes: mTORC1 and mTORC2. We previously showed that the synthetic organoselenium compound, p‐XSC, effectively inhibits viability and critical signaling molecules (e.g., androgen receptor, Akt) in androgen responsive (AR) and androgen independent (AI) human prostate cancer cells. On the basis of its inhibition of Akt, we hypothesized that p‐XSC modulates mTORC2, an upstream regulator of the kinase. We further hypothesized that combining p‐XSC with rapamycin, an mTORC1 inhibitor, would be an effective combinatory strategy for the inhibition of prostate cancer. The effects of p‐XSC and rapamycin, alone or in combination, on viability and mTOR signaling were examined in AR LNCaP prostate cancer cells and AI C4‐2 and DU145 cells. Phosphorylation of downstream targets of mTORC1 and mTORC2 was analyzed by immunoblotting. The interaction of mTORC1‐ and mTORC2‐specific proteins with mTOR was probed through immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting. p‐XSC inhibited phosphorylation of mTORC2 downstream targets, Akt and PCKα, and decreased the levels of rictor, an mTORC2‐specific protein, coimmunoprecipitated with mTOR in C4‐2 cells. The combination of p‐XSC and rapamycin more effectively inhibited viability and mTOR signaling in C4‐2, LNCaP and DU145 cells than either agent individually.
Modeling and optimization of membrane preparation conditions of the alginate‐based microcapsules with response surface methodology
Authors: Ma Ying , Zhang Ying , Zhao Shan , Wang Yu , Wang Siran , Zhou Yan , Li Na , Xie Hongguo , Yu Weiting , Liu Yang , Wang Wei , Ma Xiaojun 
Published: February 2012

AbstractMicroencapsulation has been a promising approach for drug delivery, cell implantation, cell‐based gene therapy and large‐scale cell culture. To make use of microcapsules more effectively, it is important to accurately construct the microcapsule membranes with desired properties including a certain thickness, strength, and so forth. To date single factor experiments have been widely used, however, they are time‐consuming to obtain the desired membrane preparation conditions. Response surface methodology (RSM) is a mathematical and statistical technique for building empirical models that gained importance for optimizing reacting conditions. In this study, three signifficant effect factors that affect alginate‐based microcapsule membrane properties, including membrane thickness, swelling degree, and mechanical stability, were determined with Plackett–Burman method, and then three empirical models were built to optimize the preparation conditions of the microcapsule membranes according to the responses of these three signifficant effect factors respectively with RSM. These models can be used to predict the characteristics of microcapsules under different membrane preparation conditions, which provide a guide for optimizing the microencapsulation technology. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2012.
Electrodeposition of hydroxyapatite coating on Mg‐4.0Zn‐1.0Ca‐0.6Zr alloy and in vitro evaluation of degradation, hemolysis, and cytotoxicity
Authors: Guan Ren‐Guo , Johnson Ian , Cui Tong , Zhao Tong , Zhao Zhan‐Yong , Li Xue , Liu Huinan 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA novel biodegradable Mg‐4.0Zn‐1.0Ca‐0.6Zr (wt %) alloy was successfully produced using a series of metallurgical processes; including melting, casting, rolling, and heat treatment. The hardness and ultimate tensile strength of the alloy sheets increased to 71.2HV and 320 MPa after rolling and then aging for 12 h at 175°C. These mechanical properties were sufficient for load‐bearing orthopedic implants. A hydroxyapatite (HA) coating was deposited on the Mg‐4.0Zn‐1.0Ca‐0.6Zr (wt %) alloy using a novel coating process combining alkali heat pretreatment, electrodeposition, and alkali heat posttreatment. The microstructure, composition, and phases of the Mg‐4.0Zn‐1.0Ca‐0.6Zr (wt %) alloy and HA coating were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The degradation, hemolysis, and cytocompatibility of the HA‐coated and uncoated Mg‐4.0Zn‐1.0Ca‐0.6Zr (wt %) alloy were studied in vitro. The corrosion potential (Ecorr) of Mg‐4.0Zn‐1.0Ca‐0.6Zr alloy (−1.72 V) was higher than Mg (−1.95 V), Mg‐0.6Ca alloy (−1.91 V) and Mg‐1.0Ca alloy (−1.97 V), indicating the Mg‐Zn‐Ca‐Zr alloy would be more corrosion resistant. The initial corrosion potential of the HA‐coated Mg alloy sample (−1.51 V) was higher than the uncoated sample (−1.72 V). The hemolysis rates of the HA‐coated and uncoated Mg‐4.0Zn‐1.0Ca‐0.6Zr (wt %) alloy samples were both <5%, which met the requirements for implant materials. The HA‐coated and uncoated Mg‐4.0Zn‐1.0Ca‐0.6Zr (wt %) alloy samples demonstrated the same cytotoxicity score as the negative control. The HA‐coated samples showed a slightly greater relative growth rate (RGR%) of fibroblasts than the uncoated samples. Both the HA‐coated and uncoated Mg‐4.0Zn‐1.0Ca‐0.6Zr (wt %) alloy provided evidence of acceptable cytocompatibility for medical applications. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2012.
Effect of different surface nanoroughness of titanium dioxide films on the growth of human osteoblast‐like MG63 cells
Authors: Vandrovcova Marta , Hanus Jan , Drabik Martin , Kylian Ondrej , Biederman Hynek , Lisa Vera , Bacakova Lucie 
Published: February 2012

AbstractCell behavior depends strongly on the physical and chemical properties of the material surface, for example, its chemistry and topography. The authors have therefore assessed the influence of materials of different chemical composition (i.e., glass substrates with and without TiO2 films in anatase form) and different surface roughness (Ra = 0, 40, 100, or 170 nm) on the adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of human osteoblast‐like MG63 cells. On day 1 after seeding, the largest cell spreading area was found on flat TiO2 films (Ra = 0 nm). On TiO2 films with Ra = 170 nm, the cell spreading area was larger and the number of initially adhering cells was higher than the values on the corresponding uncoated glass. On day 3 after seeding, the cell number was higher on the TiO2 films (Ra = 0 and 40 nm) than on the corresponding glass substrates and the standard polystyrene dishes. On day 7, all TiO2 films contained higher cell numbers than the corresponding glass substrates, and the cells on the TiO2 films with Ra = 40 and 100 nm also contained a higher concentration of β‐actin. These results indicate that TiO2 coating had a positive influence on the adhesion and subsequent proliferation of MG63 cells. In addition, on all investigated materials, the cell population density achieved on day 7 decreased with increasing surface roughness. The concentration of osteocalcin, measured per mg of protein, was significantly lower in the cells on rougher TiO2 films (Ra = 100 and 170 nm) than in the cells on the polystyrene dishes. Thus, it can be concluded that the adhesion, growth, and phenotypic maturation of MG63 cells were controlled by the interplay between the material chemistry and surface topography, and were usually better on smoother and TiO2‐coated surfaces than on rougher and uncoated glass substrates. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2012.
Size‐dependent cellular toxicity of silver nanoparticles
Authors: Kim Tae‐Hyun , Kim Meeju , Park Hyung‐Seok , Shin Ueon Sang , Gong Myoung‐Seon , Kim Hae‐Won 
Published: February 2012

AbstractSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have found a variety of uses including biomedical materials; however, studies of the cytotoxicity of AgNPs by size effects are only in the beginning stage. In this study, we examined the size‐dependent cellular toxicity of AgNPs using three different characteristic sizes (∼ 10, 50, and 100 nm) against several cell lines including MC3T3‐E1 and PC12. The cytotoxic effect determined based on the cell viability, intracellular reactive oxygen species generation, lactate dehydrogenase release, ultrastructural changes in cell morphology, and upregulation of stress‐related genes (ho‐1 and MMP‐3) was fairly size‐ and dose‐dependent. In particular, AgNPs stimulated apoptosis in the MC3T3‐E1 cells, but induced necrotic cell death in the PC12 cells. Furthermore, the smallest sized AgNPs (10 nm size) had a greater ability to induce apoptosis in the MC3T3‐E1 cells than the other sized AgNPs (50 and 100 nm). These data suggest that the AgNPs‐induced cytotoxic effects against tissue cells are particle size‐dependent, and thus, the particle size needs careful consideration in the design of the nanoparticles for biomedical uses. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2012.
Mauritius since the last glacial: environmental and climatic reconstruction of the last 38 000 years from Kanaka Crater
Authors: Van Der Plas Geert W. , De Boer Erik J. , Hooghiemstra Henry , Vincent Florens F. B. , Baider Claudia , Van Der Plicht Johannes 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA 10 m long peat core from the Kanaka Crater (20° 25′ S, 57° 31′ E), located at 560 m elevation in Mauritius, was analyzed for microfossils. Eight radiocarbon ages show the pollen record reflects environmental and climatic change of the last ca. 38 cal ka BP. The record shows that the island was continuously covered by forest with Erica heath (Philippia) in the uplands. Cyperaceous reedswamp with Pandanus trees was abundant in the coastal lowlands as well as locally in the waterlogged crater. The record shows changes in climatic humidity (wet from 38.0 to 22.7 cal ka BP, drier from 22.7 to 10.6 cal ka BP, and wetter again from 10.6 cal ka BP to recent) as the main response to climate change. A high turnover in montane forest species is evidenced at 22.7 cal ka BP and at the start of the Holocene. The limited altitudinal ranges in the mountains of Mauritius (maximum altitude 828 m), and changing humidity being more important than changing temperature, suggests that in response to climate change a reassortment in taxonomic composition of montane forests might be equally important as displacement of forest types to new altitudinal intervals. We found weak impact of the latitudinal migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and data suggest that the Indian Ocean Dipole is a more important driver for climatic change in the southwest Indian Ocean. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fe(0) Powder/CuBr2‐Mediated “Living”/Controlled Radical Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate and Styrene at Ambient Temperature
Authors: Zhou Lili , Zhang Zhengbiao , Cheng Zhenping , Zhou Nianchen , Zhu Jian , Zhang Wei , Zhu Xiulin 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe combination of zero‐valent iron (Fe(0) powder) and copper(II) bromide was used to mediate the polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) or styrene (St) at 25 ° C. The results demonstrated that the solvent played an important role on the polymerization rate and molecular‐weight control. The polymerization in toluene displayed a poorly controlled process with remarkably low polymerization rate. With dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as solvent, the polymerization proceeded in a relatively high rate, and the number‐average molecular weights were controlled especially at higher conversion. High conversions (80%) of St could be achieved with narrow molecular weight distributions in DMSO at 25 °C. It was supposed that Fe(0) played a dual role, the activator for the generation of active radical and the reducing agent for CuBr2.
Effect of Reinforcement Orientation on the Mechanical Properties of Microfibrillar PP/PET and PET Single‐Polymer Composites
Authors: McCardle Ryan , Bhattacharyya Debes , Fakirov Stoyko 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIn situ PET microfibrils are created by drawing melt‐blended PP and PET. The drawn blend is used to prepare polymer/polymer MFCs, and isolated PET microfibrils are used for the manufacturing of MF‐SPCs. Samples are prepared with different fibril orientations to determine the effect of orientation on the mechanical properties of the two types of composites. The resulting composites show improvements in stiffness of 77% for uniaxial MFCs, and 125% for uniaxial MF‐SPCs, with the highest recorded modulus of 8.57 GPa for a uniaxial MF‐SPC sample. SEM observations confirm that the fibrillar structure and excellent alignment is maintained. The changes in the reinforcement effect with orientation are very similar to those predicted by the rule of mixtures for the crossply.magnified image
Reproducing properties of differentiable Mercer‐like kernels
Authors: Ferreira José C. , Menegatto Valdir A. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractLet X be an open subset of \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathbb {R}^d$\end{document} and ν the restriction of the usual Lebesgue measure of \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathbb {R}^d$\end{document} to X. In this paper, we investigate properties of the range of positive integral operators on L2(X, ν), in connection with the reproducing kernel Hilbert space of the generating kernel. Assuming differentiability assumptions on the kernel, we deduce smoothness properties for the functions in the range of the operator and also properties of the so‐called inclusion map. The results are deduced when the assumptions are defined via both, weak and partial derivatives. Further, assuming the generating kernel has a Mercer‐like expansion based on sufficiently smooth functions, we deduce results on the term‐by‐term differentiability of the series and reproducing properties for the derivatives of the functions in the reproducing kernel Hilbert space.
Three dimensional homogeneous Finsler manifolds
Authors: Hu Zhiguang , Deng Shaoqiang 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIn this paper we study three dimensional homogeneous Finsler manifolds. We first obtain a complete list of the three‐dimensional homogeneous manifolds which admit invariant Finsler metrics. Then we consider invariant Randers metrics and present the classification of three dimensional homogeneous Randers spaces under isometrics.
A uniqueness result for one‐dimensional inverse scattering
Authors: Bennewitz C. , Brown B. M. , Weikard R. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractWe consider the whole‐line inverse scattering problem for Sturm‐Liouville equations which have constant coefficients on a half‐line. Since in this case the reflection coefficient determines a Weyl‐Titchmarsh m‐function, it determines the coefficients up to some simple Liouville transformations. Given inverse spectral theory, proofs are fairly simple but provide extensions of known results as we require less smoothness and less decay than is customary.
Transcriptomic alterations in human prostate cancer cell LNCaP tumor xenograft modulated by dietary phenethyl isothiocyanate
Authors: Li Robert W. , Li CongJun , Wang Thomas T.Y. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractTemporal growth of tumor xenografts in mice on a control diet was compared to mice supplemented daily with 3 µmol/g of the cancer preventive compound phenethyl isothiocyanate. Phenethyl isothiocyanate decreased the rate of tumor growth. The effects of phenethyl isothiocyanate on tumor growth were examined by RNAseq to elucidate molecular changes that may contribute to tumor growth suppression. Bio‐informatic analysis of differentially expressed genes identified changes in inflammation and extracellular matrix pathways that were modulated by treatment with phenethyl isothiocyanate. Specific gene expression changes in these pathways included up‐regulation of insulin‐like growth factor binding protein 3, fibronectin, thyroxine degradation enzyme, and down regulation of integrin beta 6. In addition, feeding phenethyl isothiocyanate induced alternative splicing of gene variants. This study represents the first use of RNAseq to analyze tumors from animals consuming dietary phenethyl isothiocyanate and to identify potential molecular signatures that may explain the cancer protective effect of this compound. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Histone deacetylase inhibition in colorectal cancer cells reveals competing roles for members of the oncogenic miR‐17‐92 cluster
Authors: Humphreys Karen J. , Cobiac Lynne , Le Leu Richard K. , Van der Hoek Mark B. , Michael Michael Z. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractDiet‐derived butyrate, a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDI), decreases proliferation and increases apoptosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells via epigenetic changes in gene expression. Other HDIs such as suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) and trichostatin A (TSA) have similar effects. This study examined the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in mediating the chemo‐protective effects of HDIs, and explored functions of the oncogenic miR‐17‐92 cluster. The dysregulated miRNA expression observed in HT29 and HCT116 CRC cells could be epigenetically altered by butyrate, SAHA and TSA. These HDIs decreased expression of miR‐17‐92 cluster miRNAs (P < 0.05), with a corresponding increase in miR‐17‐92 target genes, including PTEN, BCL2L11, and CDKN1A (P < 0.05). The decrease in miR‐17‐92 expression may be partly responsible for the anti‐proliferative effects of HDIs, with introduction of miR‐17‐92 cluster miRNA mimics reversing this effect and decreasing levels of PTEN, BCL2L11, and CDKN1A (P < 0.05). The growth effects of HDIs may be mediated by changes in miRNA activity, with down‐regulation of the miR‐17‐92 cluster a plausible mechanism to explain some of the chemo‐protective effects of HDIs. Of the miR‐17‐92 cluster miRNAs, miR‐19a and miR‐19b were primarily responsible for promoting proliferation, while miR‐18a acted in opposition to other cluster members to decrease growth. NEDD9 and CDK19 were identified as novel miR‐18a targets and were shown to be pro‐proliferative genes, with RNA interference of their transcripts decreasing proliferation in CRC cells. This is the first study to identify competing roles for miR‐17‐92 cluster members, in the context of HDI‐induced changes in CRC cells. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.