bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bulk Segregation Mapping of Mutations in Closely Related Strains of Mice
Authors: Xia Yu , Won Sungyong , Du Xin , Lin Pei , Ross Charles , Vine Diantha La , Wiltshire Sean , Leiva Gabriel , Vidal Silvia M , Whittle Belinda , Goodnow Christopher C , Koziol James , Moresco Eva Marie Y , Beutler Bruce 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPhenovariance may be obscured when genetic mapping is performed using highly divergent strains, and closely similar strains are preferred if adequate marker density can be established. We sequenced the C57BL/10J mouse genome using the Applied Biosystems SOLiD platform and here describe a genome-wide panel of informative markers that permits the mapping of mutations induced on the closely related C57BL/6J background by outcrossing to C57BL/10J, and backcrossing or intercrossing. The panel consists of 127 single nucleotide polymorphisms validated by capillary sequencing: 124 spaced at ∼20-Mb intervals across the 19 autosomes, and three markers on the X chromosome. We determined the genetic relationship between four C57BL-derived substrains and used the panel to map two N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU)-induced mutations responsible for visible phenotypes in C57BL/6J mice through bulk segregation analysis. Capillary sequencing, with computation of relative chromatogram peak heights, was used to determine the proportion of alleles from each strain at each marker.
Functional Specialization of Sensory Cilia by an RFX Transcription Factor Isoform
Authors: Wang Juan , Schwartz Hillel T , Barr Maureen M 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
In animals, RFX transcription factors govern ciliogenesis by binding to an X-box motif in the promoters of ciliogenic genes. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the sole RFX transcription factor (TF) daf-19 null mutant lacks all sensory cilia, fails to express many ciliogenic genes, and is defective in many sensory behaviors, including male mating. The daf-19c isoform is expressed in all ciliated sensory neurons and is necessary and sufficient for activating X-box containing ciliogenesis genes. Here, we describe the daf-19(n4132) mutant that is defective in expression of the sensory polycystic kidney disease (PKD) gene battery and male mating behavior, without affecting expression of ciliogenic genes or ciliogenesis. daf-19(n4132) disrupts expression of a new isoform, daf-19m (for function in male mating). daf-19m is expressed in male-specific PKD and core IL2 neurons via internal promoters and remote enhancer elements located in introns of the daf-19 genomic locus. daf-19m genetically programs the sensory functions of a subset of ciliated neurons, independent of daf-19c. In the male-specific HOB neuron, DAF-19M acts downstream of the zinc finger TF EGL-46, indicating that a TF cascade controls the PKD gene battery in this cell-type specific context. We conclude that the RFX TF DAF-19 regulates ciliogenesis via X-box containing ciliogenic genes and controls ciliary specialization by regulating non-X-box containing sensory genes. This study reveals a more extensive role for RFX TFs in generating fully functional cilia.
The Elusive Minimum Viable Population Size for White Sturgeon
Authors: Jager Henriette I. , Lepla Ken B. , Van Winkle Webb , James Brad W. , McAdam Steven O. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractDamming of large rivers in the U.S. Pacific Northwest and Canada has divided the historical population of white sturgeonAcipenser transmontanusinto more than 36 fragmented populations, few of which are thriving. We now face the challenge of managing these populations to avoid extirpation. Two goals of this study were to identify extinction thresholds related to small size and inadequate habitat for this species. The minimum viable population size (MVP) is the threshold size above which populations support recruitment and grow and below which populations fail to support recruitment and decline. We estimated a single, cross‐population MVP using data from multiple populations and quantile regression, which removed the effects of factors other than population size. Only two populations (those in the Bonneville and Dalles reservoirs on the Columbia River), both with significant increasing trends, were larger than our MVP estimate. We detected significant decreasing trends in two populations—those below Bonneville Dam and in the Kootenai River. To discover how site‐specific differences in river habitat influence MVP, we used a population viability analysis (PVA) model that incorporated Allee mechanisms. The PVA model identified a river segment length below which extinction was certain regardless of initial population size. Above this threshold, simulated populations in river segments that were longer or that provided more frequent recruitment opportunities were able to persist with smaller initial sizes. Two priorities emerged for white sturgeon: monitoring age structure and understanding the circumstances preventing recruitment to age 1. Our results ultimately guided us toward thresholds in rearing habitat and age structure that promise to develop into more useful conservation tools than MVP for this and similar long‐lived species.
Long‐Term Trends in Habitat Use of Offshore Demersal Fishes in Western Lake Huron Suggest Large‐Scale Ecosystem Change
Authors: Riley Stephen C. , Adams Jean V. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe estimated mean depths of capture for offshore demersal fish species, grouped into three habitat‐based guilds (shallow benthic, pelagic, and deep benthic), using fall bottom trawl data (27–73 m) in the western main basin of Lake Huron from 1976 to 2007. The mean depth of capture of the shallow and deep benthic guilds initially exhibited a trend toward capture in shallower water, switched to a trend toward capture in deeper water in 1991, and changed back to a trend toward capture in shallower water in 2001–2002. Species in the pelagic guild showed a similar pattern, but the initial change point occurred in 1981 for this guild. Individual species in these guilds showed variable patterns of depth distribution, but a feature common to all guilds and all pelagic and deep benthic species was a change to a trend toward capturing fish in shallower water that occurred nearly simultaneously (1999–2002). These common trends suggest that large‐scale factors are affecting the habitat use of offshore demersal fish species in Lake Huron. The depth distributions of the three guilds have converged in recent years, indicating that the locations of suitable habitat for offshore demersal fishes may be changing. Our results indicate that the benthic ecology of the western main basin of Lake Huron is undergoing profound changes across a large spatial scale that are affecting the habitat use of offshore demersal fishes. We suggest that these changes are related to recent invasions of exotic species.
Intra‐ and Intersystem Variation in Largemouth Bass Recruitment: Reproduction, Prey Availability, and the Timing of Year‐Class Establishment
Authors: Parkos Joseph J. , Wahl D. H. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIncorporating potentially important events during the first year of life across multiple environmental conditions is needed to generalize models of fish recruitment. Using previous conceptual models as a framework, we quantified sources of intra‐ and intersystem variation in recruitment of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides. We measured age‐0 abundances, first‐year growth, and potentially important environmental variables across 12 populations and 5–7 year‐classes. Interpopulation differences in average recruitment to age 1 were set by variation in number of age‐0 fish surviving to the fall. Survival to fall was in turn positively related to density of juvenile bluegills Lepomis macrochirus. First‐year growth was positively related to turbidity and adult largemouth bass abundance. For individual lakes, variables explaining a significant amount of intrapopulation variation in recruitment strength were factors associated with either production of age‐0 fish from the parental care stage (peak density of age‐0 largemouth bass) or prey fish abundance (densities of larval and juvenile bluegills). Abundance of larval bluegills was higher in systems where largemouth bass recruitment to age 1 was not related to bluegill abundance than in lakes where recruitment strength was sensitive to annual fluctuations in prey fish abundance. The relationship between output from the parental care stage and recruitment strength suggests that largemouth bass management should focus on actions designed to influence nest success. Where recruitment is also limited by prey fish availability, management actions can also be directed towards community attributes that influence the growth and production of important prey species.
Contrasting Ecology Shapes Juvenile Lake‐Type and Riverine Sockeye Salmon
Authors: Pavey Scott A. , Nielsen Jennifer L. , MacKas Renae H. , Hamon Troy R. , Breden Felix 
Published: October 2010

AbstractHere we compare the body shape of juvenile (age‐0) sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka that rear in lakes (lake type) with that of those that rear in rivers (riverine) and relate rearing habitat to morphology and ecology. The two habitats present different swimming challenges with respect to water flow, foraging strategy, habitat complexity, and predation level. We present morphological data from three riverine and three lake‐type populations in southwest Alaska. Using multivariate analyses conducted via geometric morphometrics, we determine population‐ and habitat‐specific body shape. As predicted, riverine sockeye salmon have a more robust body shape, whereas lake‐type sockeye salmon have a more streamlined body shape. In particular, we found differences in caudal peduncle depth (riverine deeper), eye size (riverine larger), and overall body depth (riverine deeper). One lake‐type population did not follow the predicted pattern, exhibiting an overall exaggerated riverine body shape. Differences between the habitats in terms of predation, complexity, and foraging ecology are probably drivers of these differences. Allometry differed between life history types, suggesting that there are habitat‐specific developmental differences.
Feasibility of Surgically Implanting Acoustic Tags into Pacific Herring
Authors: Seitz Andrew C. , Norcross Brenda L. , Payne John C. , Kagley Anna N. , Meloy Buck , Gregg Jacob L. , Hershberger Paul K. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractInternally implanted acoustic tags represent a potentially valuable approach to assessing the seasonal migration and distribution patterns of Pacific herring Clupea palasii. We examined the feasibility of implanting two sizes of dummy acoustic tags (9 mm in diameter × 21 mm long, 1.6 g; and 7 mm in diameter × 18 mm long, 0.7 g) in Pacific herring that had been held in captivity for nearly a year and that ranged from 165 to 215 mm in fork length (FL) and from 41.6 to 142.6 g. Relatively low mortality (4%) and tag shedding (4%), as well as growth similar to that observed in control fish after 135 d, indicate that, with proper handling, Pacific herring are amenable to surgical implantation of acoustic tags.
Detailed Examination of Ichthyoplankton Seasonality from a High‐Resolution Time Series in the Northern Gulf of Mexico during 2004–2006
Authors: Hernandez Frank J. , Powers Sean P. , Graham William M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIchthyoplankton samples collected during monthly cruises (October 2004–October 2006) off the coast of Alabama were used to characterize taxon‐specific larval fish seasonality for taxa representing 58 different families of fishes. Mean concentrations for total fish larvae peaked in the summer (August), while taxonomic diversity was generally highest during the spring and summer months (March–October). Taxonomic richness was generally highest during the late summer and early fall. Dominant taxonomic groups included unidentified anchovies (Engraulidae), sand seatrout Cynoscion arenarius, Atlantic bumper Chloroscombrus chrysurus, Atlantic croaker Micropogonias undulatus, Gulf menhaden Brevoortia patronus, tonguefishes Symphurus spp., unidentified gobies (Gobiidae), drums (Sciaenidae), and cusk‐eels (Ophidiidae). Our characterization of larval fish seasonality for coastal Alabama largely agreed with results from a synthesis (published in 1988) of larval fish seasonality in the northern Gulf of Mexico. For most of the dominant taxa examined, our collections indicated a contracted seasonal distribution (i.e., larvae were collected during months that were central to the previously reported seasonality and less so at the endpoints of their temporal occurrence). However, most of the sciaenids examined had the opposite trend, suggesting expanded seasonal occurrences in the plankton. This first‐order comparison of the timing of taxon‐specific larval fish supply in the northern Gulf of Mexico provides a framework for examining climate‐related temporal shifts in adult fish spawning patterns and larval fish seasonality.
Meaning predictability and compound interpretation: A psycholinguistic investigation
Authors: Gagné Christina L. , Marchak Kristan A. , Spalding Thomas L. 
Published: October 2010

The central aim of this paper is to investigate Štekauer's (2005 , 2006 ) notion of meaning predictability within a psycholinguistic framework. In particular, we examined whether novel compounds with low meaning predictability are more difficult to interpret than are compounds with higher meaning predictability. A second aim is to evaluate the influence of the components of meaning predictability (i.e., the goodness of a particular reading, as well as the prevalence of that reading) on comprehension. We report the results of two experiments conducted with novel compounds (e.g., wool basket and adolescent doctor). In Experiment 1, participants performed a sense/nonsense judgment task. In Experiment 2, participants performed a verification task in which they indicated whether a particular reading was appropriate. The results confirm that meaning predictability influences ease of interpretation, but also indicate that the role of the components of meaning predictability differs between the two tasks.
Micro/Nanostructured Ordered Porous Films and Their Structurally Induced Control of the Gas Sensing Performances
Authors: Jia Lichao , Cai Weiping 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA simple and flexiable route is presented to fabricate ordered micro/nanostructured porous films, based on a monolayer colloidal crystal template and solution dipping. In2O3 is chosen as a main model material to demonstrate the validity of the given fabrication strategy. It has been shown that the porous films with different microstructures, can be constructed directly on any desired substrate (with flat, curved, or even rough surface). The separately tunable sensitivity and response time in a large range and the gas sensing performances with both high sensitivity and fast response have been obtained only by controlling microstructures of the porous films. High stability, good reproducibility, and selectivity of the sensing performance have been achieved. Further, micro/nanostructured porous film sensors with desired sensing performances are designed and fabricated. This work could be important towards practical applications of micro/nanostructured porous‐film‐based sensors in the near future.
Copper‐Catalyzed Four‐Component Reaction of Baylis–Hillman Adducts with Alkynes, Sulfonyl Azides and Alcohols
Authors: Song Wangze , Lei Ming , Shen Yang , Cai Shuying , Lu Wei , Lu Ping , Wang Yanguang 
Published: October 2010

Abstract4‐(Alkoxycarbonyl)‐pent‐4‐enimidates were regioselectively synthesized via a copper‐catalyzed four‐component reaction of Baylis–Hillman adducts with terminal alkynes, sulfonyl azides and alcohols. The procedure is concise, general and efficient. The resulting pentenimidates could be further transformed to 3‐methylene‐2,3‐dihydroindene‐1‐imidates.
“Cage‐Like” Phosphines: Design and Catalytic Properties
Authors: Zablocka Maria , Hameau Aurélien , Caminade Anne‐Marie , Majoral Jean‐Pierre 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe need to design organocatalysts or water‐soluble catalysts for a number of reactions of industrial interest helps explain the renewed interest in ligands which allow such reactions to take place. Among them, “cage‐like” phosphines, known for some time, offer new perspectives as also do their corresponding metal transition complexes. The role of some of these ligands, such as Verkade‐type bases, 1,3,5‐triaza‐7‐phosphatricyclo[3.3.1.1]decane (PTA), 2,4,10‐trimethyl‐1,2,4,7,10‐hexaaza‐3‐phosphatricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decane (THPA), and tris(1,2‐dimethylhydrazino)diphosphine (THDP), as central tools with broad functional group tolerance for CC, CO, CN bond formation, halogen exchange reactions, isomerization of allylic alcohols, cycloisomerization as well as Kharasch reactions are highlighted with selected examples.
The effects of capillary forces on the flow properties of glass particle suspensions in mineral oil
Authors: McCulfor Jonathan , Himes Paul , Anklam Mark R. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe effect of water on the flow behavior of glass microspheres dispersed in mineral oil was investigated for various levels of water, particle volume fractions, and particle sizes. The addition of small amounts of water leads to large increases in viscosity due to the formation of water bridges between particles that give rise to capillary forces between the particles. The capillary forces between the particles also make the flow profile highly shear‐thinning across the range of particle volume fractions that were studied (0.10 to 0.25). The presence of water leads to a significant effect of particle size, and the viscosity of dispersion goes through a maximum as the amount of water is increased. Two hydrophobic surfactants, Span 80 and Arquad 2HT, were found to reduce the viscosity of the dispersions with added water, but the mechanism and extent of viscosity reduction differed. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011
Elimination of oscillations in fermentation processes
Authors: Sridhar Lakshmi N. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractFermentation processes that are used to produce ethanol exhibit oscillatory behavior and for periods of time during these oscillations, ethanol production decreases substantially and there is considerable loss of residual substrates. There has been a considerable amount of work demonstrating oscillatory behavior in fermentation processes. The aim of this work is to demonstrate simple strategies to eliminate the oscillatory behavior in fermentation processes involving both Zymomonas mobilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The oscillatory behavior is caused by the existence of Hopf bifurcations and it is demonstrated that very minor changes in the input conditions can eliminate the Hopf bifurcation points. In the case of Zymomonas
mobilis, it is shown that the addition of a small amount of substrate and/or the key component of the biomass and/or product in the input stream causes the disappearance of the Hopf bifurcation points while in Saccharomyces
cerevisiae fermentation process, a very minor increase in the input oxygen supply produces the same result. The aim of this work is not only to demonstrate the existence of the Hopf bifurcations in the fermentation problems, but also to provide strategies to eliminate them. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011
Die Prins‐Makrocyclisierung als effiziente Ringschluss‐Strategie in der Naturstoffsynthese
Authors: Crane Erika A. , Scheidt Karl A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPrins‐Makrocyclisierungen haben sich in jüngster Zeit als gute Methode für die Synthese natürlicher Polyketidderivate bewährt. Diese Reaktion stellt eine ökonomische und selektive Methode zur Bildung Tetrahydropyran‐haltiger Makrocyclen verschiedener Größe zur Verfügung und toleriert vielfältige funktionelle Gruppen im Makrocyclus, in der Regel bei guten bis ausgezeichneten Ausbeuten. Nach der erstmaligen Beschreibung der Prins‐Makrocyclisierung im Jahr 1979 wurde es still um diese Methode; erste Anwendungsbeispiele finden sich erst ab 2008. Der Einsatz dieser Methode in der Naturstoffsynthese hat bei Synthetikern seitdem immer mehr Interesse gefunden, und folgerichtig sind in der jüngeren Literatur zahlreiche Beispiele für Makrocyclisierungen dieses Typs beschrieben worden.
Prins‐Type Macrocyclizations as an Efficient Ring‐Closing Strategy in Natural Product Synthesis
Authors: Crane Erika A. , Scheidt Karl A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPrins‐type macrocyclizations have recently emerged as a successful strategy in the synthesis of polyketide‐derived natural products. This reaction provides a concise and selective means to form tetrahydropyran‐containing macrocyclic rings of varying size. A high degree of functionality within the macrocycle is tolerated and the yields for these transformations are typically good to excellent. Since the initial report of a Prins macrocyclization reaction in 1979, examples of this approach did not re‐emerge until 2008. However, the use of this method in natural product synthesis has rapidly gained momentum in the synthetic community, with multiple examples of this macrocyclization tactic reported in the recent literature.
Optimum design of fluid distribution systems in heat exchangers
Authors: Turek Vojtěch , Hájek Jiří , Jegla Zdeněk , Stehlík Petr 
Published: October 2010

AbstractUniform flow distribution is often required by process equipment for its correct and reliable operation. Due to the fact that the resulting distribution is influenced by shapes of splitting and combining manifolds, flow distribution uniformity can be considerably increased by careful design. In case of high‐temperature applications, uniform flow distribution is usually crucial. The aim of this paper is to provide a formula for coefficient of static regain for parallel flow systems containing linearly tapered manifolds with rectangular cross sections connected by double U‐tubes. This formula was derived by means of approximating data obtained by evaluation of several baseline configurations of such distribution systems using fluid flow modelling software ANSYS® FLUENT®. Sample fluid distributions found using the proposed formula are shown alongside corresponding data computed by ANSYS FLUENT. Also, a practical computational tool for shape optimization of the investigated class of manifolds is presented. Copyright © 2010 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modeling of ammonia conversion rate in ammonia synthesis based on a hybrid algorithm and least squares support vector regression
Authors: Xu Wei , Zhang Lingbo , Gu Xingsheng 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn ammonia synthesis production, the ammonia conversion rate reflects how well the synthesis proceeds. In this paper, a model, which characterizes the relationship between operational variables and ammonia conversion rate, is established using least squares support vector regression (LSSVR). A hybrid algorithm of particle swarm optimization and differential evolution (HPSODE) is proposed to identify the hyperparameters of LSSVR, i.e. the regulation parameter and the width of the kernel function. HPSODE is first tested through benchmark functions and the performance is evaluated with traditional particle swarm optimization (PSO), differential evolution (DE), and a hybrid particle swarm optimization with differential evolution operator (DEPSO). It is then applied to the modeling of ammonia synthesis process. Results using other modeling methods [back propagation neural network (BPNN), LSSVR, PSO–LSSVR, and DE–LSSVR] are presented for comparison purpose. The proposed HPSODE–LSSVR modeling shows good feasibility of the algorithm and reliability of global convergence. Copyright © 2010 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.