bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different profiles of acute graft pyelonephritis among kidney recipients from standard or elderly donors
Authors: Tarragoni Rita , Congiu Giovanni , Mella Alberto , Augelli Giovanni , Fop Fabrizio , Dolla Caterina , Gallo Ester , Di Vico Maria Cristina , Faletti Riccardo , Bosio Andrea , Gontero Paolo , Costa Cristina , Cavallo Rossana , Mariano Filippo , Corcione Silvia , De Rosa Francesco Giuseppe , Fonio Paolo , Biancone Luigi 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundAcute graft pyelonephritis (AGPN) is a relatively common complication in kidney transplants (KTs); however, the effects on allograft function, diagnostic criteria, and risk factors are not well established.MethodsRetrospective analysis of all consecutive adult KTs was performed between 01 January 2011 and 31 December 2018 (follow-up ended on 31 December 2019) to examine the association between the diagnosis of AGPN (confirmed with magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) during the first post-transplantation year and graft outcomes.ResultsAmong the 939 consecutive KTs (≈50% with donors ≥60 years), we identified 130 MRI-confirmed AGPN episodes, with a documented association with recurrent and multidrug-resistant bacterial urinary tract infections (UTIs) (p &lt; 0.005). Ureteral stenosis was the only risk factor associated with AGPN (OR 2.9 [95% CI, 1.6 to 5.2]). KTs with AGPN had a decreased allograft function at the first year (ΔeGFR 6 mL/min/1.73 m2 [−2–15] in non-AGPN vs. −0.2 [−6.5–8.5] in AGPN, p &lt; 0.001), with similar and negative profiles in KTs from standard or elderly donors. However, only KTs with AGPN and a donor &lt;60 years showed reduced death-censored graft survival (p = 0.015); most of this subgroup received anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) induction (40.4% vs. 17.7%), and their MRI presented either a multifocal AGPN pattern (73.9% vs. 56.7%) or abscedation (28.3% vs. 11.7%). No difference was noted in death-censored graft survival between early (&lt;3 months post-KT) or late (3–12 months) AGPN, solitary/recurrent forms, or types of multidrug-resistant pathogens. Linear regression confirmed the independent role of multifocal pattern, abscedation, ATG induction, and donor age on the eGFR at the first year.ConclusionAGPN, influenced by multifocal presentation, ATG induction, donor age, and abscedation, affects kidney function and significantly impacts allograft survival in KTs with donors &lt;60 years.
Application and visualization study of an intelligence-assisted classification model for common eye diseases using B-mode ultrasound images
Authors: Zhu Shaojun , Liu Xiangjun , Lu Ying , Zheng Bo , Wu Maonian , Yao Xue , Yang Weihua , Gong Yan 
Published: May 2024

AimConventional approaches to diagnosing common eye diseases using B-mode ultrasonography are labor-intensive and time-consuming, must requiring expert intervention for accuracy. This study aims to address these challenges by proposing an intelligence-assisted analysis five-classification model for diagnosing common eye diseases using B-mode ultrasound images.MethodsThis research utilizes 2064 B-mode ultrasound images of the eye to train a novel model integrating artificial intelligence technology.ResultsThe ConvNeXt-L model achieved outstanding performance with an accuracy rate of 84.3% and a Kappa value of 80.3%. Across five classifications (no obvious abnormality, vitreous opacity, posterior vitreous detachment, retinal detachment, and choroidal detachment), the model demonstrated sensitivity values of 93.2%, 67.6%, 86.1%, 89.4%, and 81.4%, respectively, and specificity values ranging from 94.6% to 98.1%. F1 scores ranged from 71% to 92%, while AUC values ranged from 89.7% to 97.8%.ConclusionAmong various models compared, the ConvNeXt-L model exhibited superior performance. It effectively categorizes and visualizes pathological changes, providing essential assisted information for ophthalmologists and enhancing diagnostic accuracy and efficiency.
Association between breakfast patterns and executive function among adolescents in Shanghai, China
Authors: Wang Xuelai , Qu Shuangxiao , Yang Dongling , Qi Wenjuan , Zhang Fengyun , Zhu Rong , Sun Lijing , Yan Qiong , Qi Yue , Yue Guizhen , Yin Cancan , Luo Chunyan 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionThe aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between breakfast patterns and executive function among adolescents in Shanghai, China.MethodsIn 2022, we randomly recruited 3,012 adolescents aged 12–13 years from all administrative districts in Shanghai. Breakfast information was collected by parents using a one-day recall method. Executive function was measured using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Parent Version. Latent Class Analysis was performed to identify breakfast patterns based on the food groups in the Diet Quality Questionnaire for China.ResultsBreakfast patterns were classified into three categories: “Egg and milk foods”, “Grain foods”, and “Abundant foods”, except for adolescents who skipped breakfast. Logistic regression was used to estimate the multivariate odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the association between breakfast patterns and potential executive dysfunction. Adolescents in the “Abundant foods” class had a lower risk of executive dysfunction in terms of initiate (OR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.17–0.76), and organization of materials (OR: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.04–0.94), compared to those who skipped breakfast. Similarly, the breakfast patterns of “Grain foods” and “Egg and milk foods” were associated with a lower risk of executive dysfunction, including initiate and working memory.DiscussionOur findings suggest that breakfast patterns were associated with executive function. The improvement of breakfast patterns among adolescents should be a significant public health intervention.
Association between oxidative balance score and hearing loss: a cross-sectional study from the NHANES database
Authors: Zhou Zhongming , Han Yanyan 
Published: May 2024

AimThe oxidative balance score (OBS), a composite score of dietary nutrients and lifestyles, reflects an individual’s oxidative and antioxidant status. Evidence showed that oxidative stress levels were related to hearing loss. The relationship between OBS and hearing loss remains unclear. This study was to explore the association between OBS and hearing loss in adults.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, data of participants aged 20–69 years who received hearing tests were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database (2011–2012, 2015–2016). Hearing loss was defined as hearing threshold &gt;25 dB in either ear. The OBS was composed of 16 dietary nutrients and 4 lifestyles. The covariates were screened using the backward stepwise regression analysis. The association of OBS and hearing loss was assessed with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroups of age, gender, occupational noise exposure, recreational noise exposure, firearm noise exposure, and veteran status were further evaluated the associations. The importance ranking of OBS components was analyzed by the weighted random forest model.ResultsOf the total 3,557 adults, 338 (9.5%) suffered from hearing loss. High OBS levels were associated with lower odds of hearing loss (OR = 0.58, 95%CI: 0.41–0.82), after adjusting age, gender, race, hypertension, tinnitus, recreational noise exposure, and occupational noise exposure. Similar results were discovered in individuals aged50-59 years old (OR = 0.47, 95%CI: 0.24–0.93), aged 60–69 years old (OR = 0.31, 95%CI: 0.16–0.61), with female (OR = 0.44, 95%CI: 0.20–0.96), without occupational noise exposure (OR = 0.31, 95%CI: 0.16–0.62), recreational noise exposure (OR = 0.48, 95%CI: 0.30–0.76), firearm noise exposure (OR = 0.38, 95%CI: 0.19–0.77), and veteran status (OR = 0.57, 95%CI: 0.39–0.82). In OBS components, vitamin B12, total fat and physical activity were important for hearing loss.ConclusionElevated OBS may be associated with hearing health in adults. Appropriate vitamin B12 supplementation, reduction of total fat intake, and increased physical activity may be beneficial to the prevention of hearing loss.
Aging related decreases in NM myosin expression and contractility in a resistance vessel
Authors: Han Young Soo , Bandi Rishiraj , Fogarty Matthew J. , Sieck Gary C. , Brozovich Frank V. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Vasodilatation in response to NO is a fundamental response of the vasculature, and during aging, the vasculature is characterized by an increase in stiffness and decrease in sensitivity to NO mediated vasodilatation. Vascular tone is regulated by the activation of smooth muscle and nonmuscle (NM) myosin, which are regulated by the activities of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) and MLC phosphatase. MLC phosphatase is a trimeric enzyme with a catalytic subunit, myosin targeting subunit (MYPT1) and 20 kDa subunit of unknown function. Alternative mRNA splicing produces LZ+/LZ- MYPT1 isoforms and the relative expression of LZ+/LZ- MYPT1 determines the sensitivity to NO mediated vasodilatation. This study tested the hypothesis that aging is associated with changes in LZ+ MYPT1 and NM myosin expression, which alter vascular reactivity.Methods: We determined MYPT1 and NM myosin expression, force and the sensitivity of both endothelial dependent and endothelial independent relaxation in tertiary mesenteric arteries of young (6mo) and elderly (24mo) Fischer344 rats.Results: The data demonstrate that aging is associated with a decrease in both the expression of NM myosin and force, but LZ+ MYPT expression and the sensitivity to both endothelial dependent and independent vasodilatation did not change. Further, smooth muscle cell hypertrophy increases the thickness of the medial layer of smooth muscle with aging.Discussion: The reduction of NM myosin may represent an aging associated compensatory mechanism to normalize the stiffness of resistance vessels in response to the increase in media thickness observed during aging.
Longitudinal genome-wide association study reveals early QTL that predict biomass accumulation under cold stress in sorghum
Authors: Agnew Erica , Ziegler Greg , Lee Scott , Lizárraga César , Fahlgren Noah , Baxter Ivan , Mockler Todd C. , Shakoor Nadia 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionSorghum bicolor is a promising cellulosic feedstock crop for bioenergy due to its high biomass yields. However, early growth phases of sorghum are sensitive to cold stress, limiting its planting in temperate environments. Cold adaptability is crucial for cultivating bioenergy and grain sorghum at higher latitudes and elevations, or for extending the growing season. Identifying genes and alleles that enhance biomass accumulation under early cold stress can lead to improved sorghum varieties through breeding or genetic engineering.MethodsWe conducted image-based phenotyping on 369 accessions from the sorghum Bioenergy Association Panel (BAP) in a controlled environment with early cold treatment. The BAP includes diverse accessions with dense genotyping and varied racial, geographical, and phenotypic backgrounds. Daily, non-destructive imaging allowed temporal analysis of growth-related traits and water use efficiency (WUE). A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed to identify genomic intervals and genes associated with cold stress response.ResultsThe GWAS identified transient quantitative trait loci (QTL) strongly associated with growth-related traits, enabling an exploration of the genetic basis of cold stress response at different developmental stages. This analysis of daily growth traits, rather than endpoint traits, revealed early transient QTL predictive of final phenotypes. The study identified both known and novel candidate genes associated with growth-related traits and temporal responses to cold stress.DiscussionThe identified QTL and candidate genes contribute to understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying sorghum's response to cold stress. These findings can inform breeding and genetic engineering strategies to develop sorghum varieties with improved biomass yields and resilience to cold, facilitating earlier planting, extended growing seasons, and cultivation at higher latitudes and elevations.
Relationships between subjective experience, electroencephalogram, and heart rate variability during a series of cosmetic behavior
Authors: Moriya Hiroki , Machida Akiko , Munakata Taro , Herai Tomomitsu , Tagai Keiko 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionCosmetic behavior is an important daily activity, especially for women, because it increases visual attractiveness, self-confidence, and positive emotions. However, it is unknown whether a relationship exists between physiological measures and subjective experiences during the series of cosmetic behaviors.MethodsElectroencephalograms (EEG) and electrocardiograms (ECG) from thirty female participants who were asked to look in a mirror after applying skincare, as well as base, eye, cheek, and lip makeup were recorded. The price range of cosmetic products was also considered. Subjective evaluations of the skin surface, emotions, and self-confidence were equally measured after looking in the mirror at each step of the cosmetic behavior. Linear mixed models were fitted to examine whether the subjective experience could be explained by the variety of cosmetic products and/or physiological responses.ResultsThe subjective evaluation was summarized into the following three factors using a factor analysis: self-confidence, hedonic perception, and negative emotion. Each theta-band (4–6 Hz) power, alpha-band (8–13 Hz) power of the EEG, and heart rate variability measures were subjected to a principal component analysis separately. The linear mixed models indicated that the variation in the self-confidence score and the negative emotion score was explained only by the steps of cosmetic behaviors, that is, self-confidence increased while negative emotions decreased as the steps of cosmetic behaviors proceeded. On the other hand, the hedonic perception score was explained by the interaction of the steps of cosmetic behaviors and price, indicating that positive tactile perception and positive emotion were higher when luxury cosmetic products were applied than when affordable products were applied. Furthermore, the model indicated that the hedonic perception score was positively associated with the alpha-band power over occipital sites whereas sympathetic nervous system activity was negatively associated with the alpha-band power over lateral central sites.DiscussionThese results suggest that positive perceptual and emotional experiences are associated with greater attention to somatosensory information than to visual information and sympathetic autonomic nervous system activities. The current results also emphasize the possibility of using physiological measurements as objective measures of cosmetic behavior.
Predictors of reading comprehension and profiling of poor readers in Croatian: educational and clinical perspectives
Authors: Kuvač Kraljević Jelena , Runje Nikolina , Ružić Valentina , Škorić Ana Matić , Lenček Mirjana , Štefanec Antonia 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionReading is an important academic skill. Children who exhibit reading difficulties are more likely to experience various negative professional and personal consequences. To successfully identify children with reading problems as early as possible, one must first understand how reading skills can be mastered, as well as the course of reading development in children with typical reading skills from the beginning of their formal reading instruction. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the influence of decoding and language comprehension on reading comprehension ability. In addition, this study aimed to determine types of profiles among poor readers and estimate their frequency in the study sample.MethodsBased on the Simple View of Reading model, we developed decoding, language comprehension, and reading comprehension tasks. Participants included 100 typical readers (TR) and 95 poor readers (PR) in the second grade in Croatian schools. Phonemic awareness, phonological working memory, and rapid automatized naming tasks were used to test underlying abilities of decoding skills in both groups of participants.ResultsAs expected, PRs showed significantly lower performance on all variables than TRs. The correlations between decoding, language comprehension and reading comprehension are significant in the PR group. The linear regression analysis showed that language comprehension was a significant predictor of reading comprehension for TRs, while decoding and language comprehension were significant predictors of reading comprehension for PRs. The profiling of reading difficulties revealed five different profiles, the most common of which was a mixed reading difficulty, i.e., difficulties in both decoding and language comprehension.DiscussionIn line with theoretical expectations, success in reading comprehension in TRs at the end of the second grade depends mainly on language comprehension. To achieve this complex cognitive skill, PRs‘ language comprehension alone is not sufficient, so they still rely on their decoding skills. Among the poor readers, there was a high prevalence of children with decoding problems (i.e., three out of five profiles). Teachers should be able to identify and monitor decoding difficulties in children, since these difficulties are associated with noticeable manifestations, unlike those associated with comprehension difficulties.
Evaluating qigong as integrative support for COVID-19 and Long-COVID-19 rehabilitation: a systematic review
Authors: Antonelli Michele , Donelli Davide 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionAmidst the ongoing global impact of COVID-19 on public health, there is an increasing focus on holistic strategies encompassing integrative therapies and rehabilitation techniques, particularly in addressing the challenges posed by Long-COVID-19. This review investigates the potential of Qigong, an ancient Chinese practice characterized by gentle movements, controlled breathing, and meditative elements, within the context of COVID-19.MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar was conducted to identify pertinent clinical studies.ResultsFollowing thorough database scrutiny, nine studies were identified as meeting the eligibility criteria. Across the spectrum of COVID-19 severity, individuals engaging in qigong practice exhibited notable enhancements in both physical and psychological wellbeing, evidenced by ameliorated respiratory symptoms, reduced anxiety levels, enhanced sleep quality, bolstered mental wellbeing, and augmented health-related quality of life. Moreover, qigong training, whether employed independently or in conjunction with other therapies, demonstrated beneficial effects on Long-COVID-19 symptoms, encompassing persistent respiratory issues, dizziness, sleep disturbances, and compromised health-related quality of life.DiscussionThis review underscores the necessity for further investigation to quantify and standardize the contribution of Qigong to COVID-19 recovery and rehabilitation. Such endeavors aim to integrate this accessible and low-impact practice into public health strategies and comprehensive treatment regimens.Systematic review registrationThe review protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework under the following doi: 10.17605/OSF.IO/7K5X6 (URL: https://osf.io/7k5x6).
Characteristics of domestic violence perpetrators with dementia from police records using text mining
Authors: Reutens Sharon , Karystianis George , Withall Adrienne , Butler Tony 
Published: May 2024

AimFew studies have examined the characteristics of domestic violence (DV) committed by people with dementia. We provide an overview of DV perpetrated by people with dementia in the community based on police reports of attendances at DV events.MethodA text mining method was used on 416,441 New South Wales (NSW) police narratives of DV events from January 2005 to December 2016 to extract information for Persons of Interest (POIs) with mentions of dementia.ResultsEvents involving those with dementia accounted for a relatively low proportion of total DV events (&lt;1%). Of the 260 DV events with a dementia mention for the POI, the most common abuse types were assault (49.7%) and verbal abuse (31.6%). Spouses were the largest group of victims (50.8%) followed by children (8.8%). Physical abuse was common, occurring in 82.4% of events, but injuries were relatively mild. Although weapons were infrequently used, they were involved in 5% of events, mostly by POIs aged 75 years and older. Similarly, the POIs were mainly aged 75+ years (60%), however the proportion of those aged &lt;65 was relatively high (20.8%) compared to the reported prevalence of dementia in that age group.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that some cases of DV perpetrated by people with reported dementia are significant enough to warrant police involvement. This highlights the need to proactively discuss the potential for violence as part of the holistic management and support family members, particularly those caring for people with young-onset dementias.
Examining the effects of parental migration on youth mental health and substance use: a qualitative study in rural Yucatán, México
Authors: Zúñiga María Luisa , Mulholland Kayla , Lewin-Fischer Pedro , Martinez San Román Isela , Toledo Lidiane , Urada Lianne 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundParental migration is common in Mexico and Latin America, where individuals pursue work to improve their family’s economic opportunities and children remain home in their community under the care of the remaining parent or extended family. A research gap remains about the impact of parental migration on mental health and substance use in children who remain at home. The current study explored risk and resilience factors relating to mental health and substance use among Mexican youth remaining at home when one or more parents migrate.MethodsThis qualitative study applied attachment theory and thematic analysis to analyze 26 in-depth interviews with youth (17-21 years old), parents, and a focus group with high-school teachers in a town with history of migration both domestically and internationally (Yucatan, México).ResultsRespondents across groups perceived that parental migration was related to 1) less parental/caregiver oversight and support due to family demands on the remaining parent and 2) the deterioration of youth mental health. Lack of youth oversight and the poor mental health of youth were perceived as drivers of youth seeking out and consuming alcohol and substances. In terms of parental remittances, youth reported observing among their peers increased access to material goods such as clothing and technology (e.g., smartphones) and increased access to alcohol. Resilience factors included parental awareness of the role of good communication with youth and teachers and youth access to and utilization of self-care resources such as mutual aid meetings for substance use recovery.ConclusionPoor mental health and substance use among youth and parents were perceived to be related to parental absence, stressors on the remaining parent or family, and undermined healthy parent-child attachment. Youth themselves are a source of insight for recommendations on interventions to reduce youth isolation and substance use risk. We recommend the intentional engagement of youth in developing intervention research and tailoring evidence-based interventions to mitigate parental absence’s impact and promote parent-child attachment for youth and families remaining at home.