bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depression, suicidal ideation, and suicidal behaviors among dental students of Neo-state capital region in India
Authors: Pavani Nijampatnam P. M. , Anirudh G. , Kothia Nandita Rani , Shaik Parveen Sultana , Priya K. Krishna , Yaddanapalli Suresh Chand 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
The challenges of dental education place students at high risk of stress. Because dental education is a highly demanding and challenging course, placing heavy demands on the mental resources of the students, making them vulnerable to high levels of stress, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression, suicidal ideation, and suicidal behaviors in dental students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A descriptive cross-sectional study was done on a convenience sample of 388 dental students in a teaching dental institution. Data were collected using standard, prevalidated, self-administered questionnaires (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Suicidal Behaviours Questionnaire-Revised [SBQ-R]). Analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and logistic regression were performed.

RESULTS:
At least half of the students were in major depression with different levels of severity. When students from different years were analyzed, majority from each year fell under II and III categories (P < 0.001). Most of the students reported that they do not have any suicidal ideation or behavior (SBQ-R). Nearly 16% of the students either presented the threat of suicidal attempt or likelihood of suicidal behavior in future. Almost 13% of the dental students thought of killing themselves in the past year for at least two times. Around 16% of them expressed to someone about their thought of committing suicide.

CONCLUSION:
Even though depression and suicidal tendencies were not prominent in dental students, there is a need to shed light on those who responded positively and take necessary reforms to relieve academic stress.
Competence in providing spiritual care and its relationship with spiritual well-being among Iranian nurses
Authors: Jafari Mojtaba , Fallahi-Khoshknab Masoud 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Competence in providing spiritual care to patients has become an increasingly important aspect of nursing care delivery. However, studies on nurses’ competence in spiritual care delivery and the factors affecting it are very limited. The present study was conducted to evaluate Iranian nurses’ competence in providing spiritual care and its relationship with their Spiritual Well-Being.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The present study is descriptive-analytical research conducted in Bam in the south of Iran between 2016 and 2017. All nurses working in the teaching hospitals affiliated with Bam University of Medical Sciences were invited to participate in the study. For data collection, the Spiritual Care Competence Scale (SCCS) and the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS) were used. Collected data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA with SPSS software.

RESULTS:
In this study, 158 nurses were participated. The result showed that the mean score SCCS and SWBS were 101 ± 12.6, 76.92 ± 13.4, respectively. Pearson correlation test showed a significant and direct relationship between the mean score of SCCS and SWBS (P = 0.001, r = 0.264). The results of this test also showed a significant relationship between all the dimensions of SCCS and SWBS (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:
In this study, the nurses had a relatively appropriate competence in providing spiritual care to patients. There was also a significant relationship between the nurses’ spiritual care competency and their spiritual well-being. Given the lack of adequate studies in spiritual care delivery competencies, it is recommended that similar studies are conducted among nurses in other parts of the country and worldwide.
Utilizing social media platforms to promote mental health awareness and help seeking in underserved communities during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Alonzo Dana , Popescu Marciana 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
COVID-19 virus has resulted in significant psychological distress for many individuals, particularly, those in underserved communities. Social media have the potential to be one of the most effective tools for mental health campaigns, reaching wide audiences in the shortest amount of time. In this paper, the potential of harnessing social media platforms to address mental health needs in underserved populations is presented. In addition, description of the preliminary implementation of a social media mental health campaign, the 5 × 5 campaign, is described as an example of the feasibility and benefits of such efforts. Key implications gleaned from the implementation process are also presented.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Utilizing a participatory approach, the 5 × 5 campaign aimed to improve recognition of mental health symptoms, promote help seeking, and provide immediate strategies for self-care for individuals experiencing psychological distress related to the COVID-19 pandemic in low-income, high-risk communities in and around Guatemala City. Campaign content was promoted on Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp from April 2020 to June 2020.

RESULTS:
Preliminary analysis of the 5 × 5 campaign demonstrated feasibility and substantial impact with over 84,000 individuals reached by the campaigns through initial messaging and shares.

CONCLUSION:
The 5 × 5 highlights the feasibility of using social media campaigns for mental health promotion and key factors that should be incorporated in the planning of social media mental health campaigns aimed at promoting awareness, engaging underserved communities, and encouraging help seeking.
Enhanced learning strategies of undergraduate medical students with a structured case presentation format
Authors: Lehl Sarabmeet Singh , Gupta Monica , D’Cruz Sanjay 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Improvement of the learning in undergraduate bedside teaching needs to be promoted through innovative interventions. Changes in the structured format (SF) for bedside case discussion may help students improve their learning experience and gain insights into collaborative self-directed learning. The aim of the present study was to encourage collaborative and self-directed learning strategies by MBBS undergraduate students through a new case presentation format structured for this purpose.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This was an interventional study carried out in the year 2010–2011. A new SF for bedside cases presentation was developed. A comparison with the traditional format was done by holding one session in each format. Uniformity of topic and teaching style was ensured by having the sessions on pulmonary medicine cases with the same teacher. The student perspective of the educational process was analyzed using evaluation pro forma, Likert scale, and narratives.

RESULTS:
Ninety final year and prefinal year MBBS students participated in this study. There was significantly higher participation in history taking (50.7%) and clinical examination (60%) in the SF. A higher statistically significant number of clinical possibilities were considered in the SF (85.3% vs. 66.6%). Similarly, significantly higher number of students indulged in self-directed learning and referred to learning resources in the SF. The SF provided students an active role (96.9%), encouraged access to resources (93.9%), and control of learning (75.7%). The additional interactive session was productive (90.9%), discussions were streamlined (66.6%), and the role of a teacher was considered important (75.7%).

CONCLUSION:
The SF generated higher participation in the aspects of history taking, clinical examination, and consideration of differential diagnoses. It led to a perceived improvement in self-directed and collaborative learning among students.
Backpack improper use causes musculoskeletal injuries in adolescents
Authors: Toghroli Razie , Reisy Leila , Mansourian Morteza , Azar Farbod Ebadi Fard , Ziapour Arash , Mehedi Nafiul , NeJhaddadgar Nazila 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
This research is one of the very few studies, which seeks a focalized examination to observe the effects of the backpack on the teenager students. Adolescents prefer rucksacks as one of their favorite school bags during their school studies. This study inspects how knapsacks gradually bring changes as injuries in the bodies of school-going adolescents. There are ample studies in the past literature, which evidence the injuries of backpack among adolescents, such as backache, neck pain, and shoulder pain. The principal objective of this study is to determine the effects of backpacks on musculoskeletal injuries among school-going adolescents based on previous studies support in this research field.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This review study selected observational studies from the past literature indexed in the databases of Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and CINAHL during 1999–2020. This review focused on the keywords of “Backpack,” “Musculoskeletal Injuries,” and “Adolescent” from MESH and selected 14 out of 210 articles based on the research objective. According to the Crombie Checklist, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and investigating the quality of the report, this review focused on literature evidence to the field under investigation.

RESULTS:
Based on the chosen 14 articles, the findings of the present review indicated two outcomes by considering the impact of the backpack on musculoskeletal injuries and pains among adolescents. The results of the review studies specified that there was a statistically significant positive relationship between the prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries and pain using a backpack among most of the male and female adolescents. The findings also stipulate that injuries and pain intensity among female adolescents were higher than the male students.

CONCLUSION:
The results of this review study specified that improper use of the backpack, which exceeded the standard weight, caused chorionic pain and injuries between both genders of adolescents. The generalizability of the results is suitable for this review study.
Determinants of mammography screening in Tehranian women in 2018 based on the health belief model
Authors: Rezaeimanesh Masoumeh , Solhi Mahnaz , Azar Farbod Ebadi Fard , Sajjadi Homeira , Rafiey Hassan , Nejad Farhad Nosrati , Gharehghani Mohammad Ali Mohammadi , Najafi Marzieh , Hosseini Sayedeh Mahboobeh , Karimi Salah Eddin 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women. Mammography is the most sensitive and important method for screening and early diagnosis of breast cancer. Considering the importance of using mammography in breast cancer screening, this study was performed to evaluate mammographic determinants.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In the cross-sectional study, we surveyed 985 women over 40 years in Tehran concerning demographic characteristics: age, socioeconomic status, a problem in the breast, alcohol use, drug use, and health belief model. Logistic regression was used to identify determinant factors associated with mammography performance.

RESULTS:
The results of this study showed that 42.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 38, 45) participant performed mammography at least once during their lifetime. Age (odds ratio [OR] = 4.252; 95% CI = 2.041–8.857); housing situation (OR = 1.706; 95% CI = 1.178–2.469); having breast problems (OR = 5.224; 95% CI = 3.501–7.795); socioeconomic status (OR = 1.855; 95% CI = 1.035–3.325); family income level (OR = 1.998; 95% CI = 1.028–3.884); alcohol consumption (OR = 2.676; 95% CI = 1.344–5.328); smoking (OR = 2.824; 95% CI = 1.418–5.623); self-efficacy (OR = 1.935; 95% CI = 1.242–3.015); perceived barriers (OR = 2.017; 95% CI = 1.348–3.019); self-care (OR = 4.901; 95% CI = 3.152–7.620); perceived susceptibility (OR = 1.971; 95% CI = 1.271–3.057) and perceived severity (OR = 1.830; 95% CI = 1.170–2.860) were mammography behaviors determinants.

CONCLUSION:
The findings indicated that the rate of mammography screening among Tehranian women is low and highlights the need for developing a comprehensive national breast cancer control program, which should be considered as the priority for health-care providers. Furthermore, the identification of these factors can help to design an appropriate educational intervention that focuses on the benefits of mammography screening.
Psychological distress Management in Iranian emergency prehospital providers
Authors: Azizi Maryam , Bidaki Reza , Ebadi Abbas , Ostadtaghizadeh Abbas , Tafti Abbasali Dehghani , Hajebi Ahmad , Alizadeh Azizeh , Khankeh Hamid Reza 
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Emergency prehospital providers (EPHP) who are constantly providing medical care in threatening conditions are more at risk of displaying psychological distress presentations in disaster situations. Problem-solving strategies are essential for effective and efficient management of event position. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore psychological distress promotion in Iranian EPHP.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A qualitative content analysis study was conducted based on 24 semi-structured interviews. A purposeful sampling method was applied until reaching data saturation. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and then, data condensing, labeling, coding, and defining categories were performed by the qualitative content analysis recommended by the Landman and Graneheim approach.

RESULTS:
Based on the experience of study participants, two main themes with six categories developed. The main themes included emotion-based management and problem-based management when confronting with incidence scene.

CONCLUSION:
The main problems of EPHP in confronting with incidence and disasters scenes are psychological distress which some rescuers have emotional reactions while some others who are more resilience and experience manage this problem in the form of problem-based approach. It is recommended these practical strategies to be taught to less experienced rescuers for avoiding emotional-based reactions and better management of disaster scene.
Student support system for medical undergraduates
Authors: Vimal Mourouguessine , Dongre Amol Rambhau , Nishanthi Anandabaskar , Kagne Rajendrakumar Nivaratirao 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
The demands and learning challenges in medical schools are not efficiently overcome by all learners. Despite the gravity of the problem, there is a dearth of studies to identify, define, and address the needs of learners. Thus, the present study was designed to do a situational analysis to identify and define the problems of learners and to develop a model for student support system in our institution.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A phenomenological type of qualitative research was undertaken. One-to-one in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted, 10 each among undergraduate medical students, faculties and parents (n = 30) to understand the problems of students and their suggested solutions from each one's perspective. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and manual thematic analyses were performed.

RESULTS:
Manual thematic analysis of the transcripts yielded 16 subcategories and 7 categories. The various categories that emerged are (1) curriculum related; (2) interpersonal adjustment problems; (3) personal issues and family problems; (4) cognitive learning disabilities; (5) poor organizational skills; (6) students’ lack of motivation; and (7) miscellaneous. Based on the problems and their suggested solutions, a model for the essential components of a student support system for our college was developed. It outlines the principal roles of four key stakeholders, namely students, faculties, parents, and college administration.

CONCLUSION:
It has been found that students face various academic problems, personal, interpersonal and family level issues. We developed the support system model suitable for our context. In future, it may be implemented and evaluated to check if it achieves the desired purpose.
Determining the relationship between emotional intelligence and interpersonal sensitivity with quality of work life in nurses
Authors: Tajigharajeh Saeed , Safari Mehdi , Abadi Tahere Sarboozi Hosein , Abadi Shoaib Sarboozi Hosein , Kargar Mehdi , Panahi Mahmoud , Hasani Mahdi , Ghaedchukamei Zeinab 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Emotional intelligence and interpersonal sensitivity are known as important nursing skills. They have significant role in the promotion of nurses working life and the health care which they provide. The goal of this study was the determination of the relationship between emotional intelligence and interpersonal sensitivity with quality of work life in nurses working in governmental hospitals of Tehran city in 2019.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This investigation was a descriptive-analytical and correlation study which was conducted among 256 nurses working in five governmental hospitals in Tehran. The studied nurses were selected through in access sampling method. The instruments of research included demographic, emotional intelligence, interpersonal sensitivity, and work life quality questionnaires. The analysis of data was done by descriptive and deductive statistics (t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient) and also SPSS.

RESULTS:
The conditions of emotional intelligence, interpersonal sensitivity, and work life quality of nurses were, in turn, in average, severe, and weak levels. The correlation between emotional intelligence and work life quality of nurses was significant (P ≤ 0.05) and they were positively correlated with each other (r = 0.311). The relationship between interpersonal sensitivity and work life quality of nurses was significant (P ≤ 0.05) and they were negatively correlated with each other (r = −0.43).

CONCLUSION:
The development of emotional intelligence and sensitivity in reciprocally interpersonal relations of nurses lead to fundamental changes in nurses’ attitude toward themselves, their colleagues, patients and their profession and can promote their work life quality. Therefore, these two skills are necessary for nurses and they should be taken into consideration by nursing schools, faculty members, instructors, and nursing managers.
Emotional distress and psychiatric drug use among students in an Italian medical school
Authors: Carletto Sara , Miniotti Marco , Persico Alberto , Leombruni Paolo 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Previous studies have reported that medical students show high rates of depression, anxiety, and stress levels, but mixed findings were found regarding possible differences between gender and different years of medical training. This study evaluated depression, anxiety, and stress levels and psychiatric drug use in students in an Italian medical school and investigated the differences between gender and year of study.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This cross-sectional study included 694 medical students in their 1st (n = 286), 4th (n = 209), and 6th (n = 199) year of study. The questionnaire included demographic information, self-report questionnaires regarding depression, anxiety, and stress, and questions about psychiatric drug use. Data analysis was performed using SPSS/Ver 22 through descriptive and analytic statistics, including Mann–Whitney U-test, Fisher's exact test, and GLM two-way ANOVA.

RESULTS:
Depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms were reported by 365 (52.6%), 428 (61.7%), and 545 (78.5%) medical students, respectively. Female students in their 4th year of study reported higher depression levels than males of the same year (P = 0.004), whereas levels of anxiety were higher in 6th-year female students compared with those in their 1st and 4th years (P = 0.001; P = 0.025). Stress levels were consistently higher in females than in males for all 3 years (1st year: P = 0.041; 4th year: P < 0.001; 6th year: P = 0.004). No gender differences were found in the use of psychiatric and stimulant drugs.

CONCLUSION:
This study provides preliminary evidence suggesting the importance of planning interventions aimed at reducing emotional distress among medical students that should be targeted on gender and year of the study.
Effectiveness of the game-based learning over traditional teaching–learning strategy to instruct pharmacology for Phase II medical students
Authors: Gudadappanavar Anupama M. , Benni Jyoti M. , Javali Shivalingappa B. 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Game-based education is fast becoming an innovative teaching approach in the field of medical education. Traditional review sessions (tutorials) are mainly focused on instructor-based learning and they help to review concepts previously taught in the lecture class. The primary objective was to evaluate the cognitive learning of students in game based learning (GBL) as compared to the conventional review sessions. The secondary objectives were to assess the perception and feedback of students regarding GBL and conventional review sessions.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
An interventional GBL study was designed for 2nd year MBBS students. The enrolled students were randomly assigned to either tutorial (Group A) or GBL (Group B), and informed consent was obtained. Group B students were further divided into smaller groups, and for Group A, the traditional tutorial method was followed. For both the groups, a multiple choice question (MCQ) pre-test and post-test was conducted on the selected topics. A total of 15 MCQs with gradually increasing difficulty were used in the GBL. For each group of students, one student would be on hot seat by answering the questions and then continued the game. Lifelines were provided.

RESULTS:
From the pretest and posttest scores, students performed better in Group B (39.53%) than Group A (18.43%) with respect to the knowledge score, and the difference was statistically significant. Students’ perception and feedback regarding GBL were very enthusiastic and promising than the tutorial group. Largely, students commented that GBL was unique, active participation, fun, and novel learning style.

CONCLUSIONS:
GBL is a student-centered learning and showed more effective than the traditional tutorials in understanding the topic and was more enjoyable by students.