bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GIS-based Spatial Autocorrelation Queen Contiguity Order-One Analysis on African Countries Renewable Energy Consumption and Production with Economic and Environmental Indices
Authors: Sek Siok Kun , Gwani Alhaji Abdullahi , Gwani Alhaji Abdullahi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The worldwide undertaking to achieve sustainable energy solutions has emphasized the need to comprehend the patterns of renewable energy consumption (REP), renew-able energy production (REC), and their socioeconomic and environmental variables. This work utilizes Geographic Information System (GIS) methodologies and spatial autocorrelation analysis, specifically Queen contiguity order 1 (Q1), to examine the spatial pattern of renewable energy consumption across African nations. The research seeks to reveal regional patterns, detect clusters of comparable renewable energy consumption behaviours, and assess the economic and environmental consequences linked to these patterns, REP, REC, economic indicators, and environmental indices such as African countries' gross domestic product (GDP) and carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) using 57 countries data from 1990 to 2020. The study measured these variables' similarities between neighbouring nations using the Q1 spatial autocorrelation methodology. The findings show concentrated areas with high and low REP, REC, and GDP, revealing regional patterns and inequities. The study also analyses trends to determine eco-nomic and environmental evolution as well as REP and REC patterns. Additional related variables, including ecological footprint (EF), economic complexity index (ECI), and global index (GI), were used in Moran’s I statistics analysis. These findings can help policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders establish strategies for sustainable energy, economic growth, and environmental protection across the continent. This multidisciplinary method uses GIS, spatial analysis, economics, and environmental elements to fully comprehend the complex relationships between the variables under investigation. Furthermore, the study recommends an econometric regression model approaches to evaluate the link between these variables, with the hope that this technique facilitates a more thorough comprehension of the influence of renewable energy use on the economic and environmental welfare of African nations.
Piloting locally made microsilos to monitor the silage fermentation quality of conserved forage in Rwanda
Authors: Mukamuhirwa Marie Louise , Hatungimana Eric , Latre Joos , Ntawubizi Martin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

A good understanding of essential silage processes is key to success and large adoption by local farmers. This study aimed to test the use of a locally constructed micro silo mechanism with identified suitable forage species as an affordable quality check to evaluate the silage fermentation stages and effect on silage nutrient composition in the semiarid eastern part of Rwanda. Forage samples were filled in duplicate, considering 2 blocks (stations), resulting in 4 silage treatments * 3 repetitions, for a total of 24 microsilos. The treatments included the following steps: 1) two mono-grass (Brachiaria Mulato/Panicum coloratum) treatments and two grass*legume mixtures (Brachiaria Mulato*Desmodium distortum; Panicum coloratum* Desmodium distortum). Silage fermentation was monitored for 6 weeks, and the following quality parameters were measured: dry matter (DM, %), pH, ammonia-nitrogen and crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF). Quantitative data were statistically analyzed with 95% CIs. The results indicated a consistent decrease in DM (%) due to fermentation losses. At silage maturity (D48), the average ammonia content [NH4+ -N (%)], CP and NDF were 0.08 ± 0.05%, 10.02 ± 2.61%, 62.92 ± 7.82 and 37.72 ± 5.78, respectively. As suggested in the results, silages made of 100% grasses had relatively higher NDF, ADF, pH, and DM levels, suggesting that the mixture of grasses and legumes had better fermentation characteristics than did the mono-grass silages. The use of microsilos for monitoring silage fermentation showed high consistency, yielding replicable quality-fermentation parameters.
A Comparative Study of Indigenous Woody Species Diversity and Regeneration Status Among Plantations of Three Exotic Tree Species and Natural Forest, in Gomma District, South-western Ethiopia
Authors: Ayana Geleta Kenea 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Diversity, density and species composition of naturally regenerated indigenous woody species under three selected exotic tree plantations (Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Grevillea robusta and Cupressus lusitanica) and the adjacent natural forests were investigated in Gomma district. The objective of this study was to verify the hypothesis that the diversity and regeneration status of indigenous woody species differ among plantations of the three exotic tree species and the adjacent natural forest patches. Three sites (kebeles) were purposively selected from three altitudinal ranges (agroecological zones). Four quadrats of size 10 m × 10 m were established for each of stand at all sites, and generally 48 quadrats were laid down along transect line with 50m interval between plots. Within each main plot, five 1m x 1m subplots were also laid. All matured trees/shrubs of indigenous woody species were identified, measured and counted from each main plot, while saplings and seedlings were collected from subplots. A total of 49 woody plant species belonging to 41 genera and 27 families were identified from all plantations and natural forest stands. The highest number of species was recorded for natural forest patches followed by Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Grevillea robusta and Cupressus lusitanica plantation stands. Similarly, highest density was recorded for the Eucalyptus camaldulensis among plantation stands. The Eucalyptus camaldulensis stands showed the highest Shannon diversity (H’ = 2.67) and Cupressus lusitanica showed the least (H’ = 2.05) among plantation stands. Almost the population structure of all stands in the present study showed an inverse J-shape. This implies that the population is composed of numerous individuals at the seedling stage, and decreases continuously or gradually as height increases, and hence indicates healthy regeneration. The study revealed that regeneration and diversity of indigenous woody species were significantly different under the canopies of exotic plantations. E. camaldulensis and G. robusta plantation stands showed higher density and diversity than C. lusitanica stands, but for successful regeneration, there should be seeds sources and seed dispersal agents (e.g., animals) and knowledge of biodiversity management.
Molecular Mechanisms and Roles of MiR-136-5p in Human Cancer and Other Disorders
Authors: Chen Xiaoling , Lu Ting , Zheng Ying , Lin Zhiyong , Liu Chaoqi , Yuan Ding , Yuan Chengfu 
Published: April 2024

Background:
MiR-136-5p plays a vital function in regulating developmental
processes as well as in the pathophysiology of diseases, with a notable record in tumor
suppression.

Methods:
This article summarizes the latest findings on the physiological and pathophysiological
processes of miR-136-5p in diseases. We searched for relevant studies and selected
research articles from the last five years on PubMed with miR-136-5p as the keyword.

Results:
MiR-136-5p represents a class of microRNAs (miRNAs) that are involved in
various human maladies, encompassing cancers, cardio-cerebrovascular disease, diabetes,
inflammatory disease, tuberous sclerosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and polycystic
ovary syndrome. Altered expression of miR-136-5p in specific ailments results in
downstream gene expression imbalance, influencing cellular behaviors, such as migration,
proliferation, and invasion. Furthermore, miR-136-5p is implicated in five signaling
pathways, where it is critical in the onset and advancement of a number of illnesses.
Additionally, it has the potential to promote drug resistance to a variety of medications.

Conclusion:
The current review aims to elucidate the role of miR-136-5p in both cancer
progression and non-cancerous disorders, emphasizing dysregulated signaling pathways.
It also sheds light on the potential of this miRNA as a prognostic biomarker in cancer, offering
valuable insights and directions for future research.
Polymeric Molecular Envelope Technology for Improved
Therapeutics Efficacy: A Review
Authors: Vyas Jigar , Raytthatha Nensi , Prajapati Bhupendra G. , Singh Sudarshan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
The review explores the enhancement of therapeutic efficacy through the innovative use of polymeric molecular envelope technology (MET). It delves into the diverse methods employed to achieve superior therapeutic outcomes, shedding light on
strategies for improving drug delivery and bioavailability. MET is a promising approach
to improve the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. This technology involves the use of a molecular envelope of cyclic oligosaccharides called cyclodextrins, which is a supramolecular assembly of amphiphilic molecules that encapsulate and
solubilize hydrophobic drug molecules. This can further improve the solubility of the
drug by increasing its surface area and reducing its crystallinity. Moreover, MET also
protects the drug from degradation and enhances its permeability across biological membranes. Furthermore, the review thoroughly examines the MET, including its methods of
preparation, applications in drug encapsulation, and the evaluation of its potential to optimize therapeutic outcomes. By adopting current research and key findings, this review
provides valuable insights into the transformative potential of polymeric molecular envelope technology for advancing the field of therapeutics.
An Enhanced Computational Approach Using Multi-kernel Positive
Unlabeled Learning for Predicting Drug-target Interactions
Authors: Keyvanpour Mohammad Reza , Mehrmolaei Soheila , Haddadi Faraneh 
Published: April 2024

Background::
In recent years, analyzing complex biological networks to predict future
links in such networks has attracted the attention of many medical and computer science
researchers. The discovery of new drugs is one of the application cases for predicting future
connections in biological networks. The operation of drug-target interactions prediction (DTIP)
can be considered a fundamental step in identifying potential interactions between drug and target
to identify new drugs.

Objective::
The previous studies reveal that predictions are made based on known interactions
using computational methods to solve the cost problem and avoid blind study of all interactions.
But, there seem to be challenges such as the lack of confirmed negative samples and the low
accuracy in some computational methods. Thus, we have proposed an efficient and hybrid approach
called MKPUL-BLM to manage some of the aforementioned challenges for predicting
drug-target interactions.

Methods::
The MKPUL-BLM combins multi-kernel and positive unlabeled learning (PUL) approaches.
Our method uses more information to increase accuracy, in addition to minimizing
small similarities using network information. Also, potential negative samples are produced using
a PUL approach because of lacking negative laboratory samples. Finally, labels are expanded
via a semi-supervised.

Results::
Our method improved to 0.98 and 0.94 in the old interactions set for the ROCAUC and
AUPR criteria, respectively. Also, this method enhanced ROCAUC and AUPR criteria by 0.89
and 0.77 for the new interactions set.

Conclusion::
The MKPUL-BLM can be considered an efficient alternative to achieve more reliable
predictions in the field of DTIP.
Atrial Septal Abnormalities and Cryptogenic Stroke: A Cross-Sectional
Study
Authors: Aliramezany Marzieh , Moazenzadeh Mansoor , Sayyadi Amin , Mohammadi Khadijeh , Barzegar Hamidreza , Aliramezany Maryam 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Cryptogenic stroke, whose underlying pathology is unknown, accounts
for 30-40% of all ischemic strokes. Studies have mentioned the association between atrial septal
abnormalities and cryptogenic stroke, but there are still disparities in the results among different
studies.

Objective:
We aimed to clarify the prevalence of atrial septal abnormalities in patients with cryptogenic
stroke.

Methods:
We conducted a cross-sectional study on 91 patients with cryptogenic stroke/transient ischemic
attack from March 2021 to March 2022. We evaluated the demographic data of the patients
and also the existence of neurologic attacks. Furthermore, echocardiography was performed
to determine the type of atrial septal abnormality.

Results:
Out of 91 patients with cryptogenic stroke/transient ischemic attack, 16 patients (17.5%)
had patent foramen ovale, 1 man (1.1%) had atrial septal aneurysm, and 1 woman (1.1%) had an
atrial septal defect. Patients with patent foramen ovale were significantly younger than those without.
The size of patent foramen ovale in patients with cryptogenic stroke was larger than those
with transient ischemic attack, but this difference was not significant. Also, the size of the patent
foramen ovale (length and width) was not significantly related to any of the demographic variables
(p-value = 0.544, 0.604).).

Conclusion:
Based on our results, the prevalence of atrial septal abnormalities was relatively
high. Considering these issues and the importance of preventing neurological accidents in patients,
especially young people, it is recommended to always consider atrial septal disorders and,
if diagnosed, to carry out the necessary treatment in this field.
Men's Experiences Facing Nurses Stereotyping in Saudi Arabia: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Salvador Jordan Tovera , Mohammed Alanazi Basim Muzil 
Published: April 2024

Background
Stereotypes about the nursing profession include low ability, low compensation, minimal educational requirements, little autonomy, and a preponderance of women in the field. Contrary to popular opinion, nursing is typically a female-dominated career, and there has been an increase in the number of male registered nurses in the past few years.

Aim
The primary aim of this qualitative investigation is to delve into the experiences and realities faced by male, registered nurses (RNs) in Saudi Arabia and their role in nation-building through Saudi Vision 2030– a national initiative to improve the lives of every citizen based on the pillars: a vibrant society, a thriving economy, and an ambitious nation.

Methods
The study applied qualitative descriptive phenomenology. Twenty-three male RNs were selected through purposive sampling from a total of five hospitals (three government and two private). Semi-structured interviews were used to collect the data. Data was analyzed utilizing Colaizzi's descriptive phenomenological method, and the COREQ checklist was utilized to report qualitative results.

Results
The primary themes were the following: (1) “The stigma of men in nursing” contributes to the idea that men who work in a profession that is primarily dominated by women have a lot of deeply embedded challenges; (2) “The Murses: male nurses rising above the challenges” shows how male RNs deal with specific issues they face while caring for patients in a range of settings, and (3) “The future of male nursing in Saudi Arabia” discusses how male RNs may help the nursing profession grow and develop.

Conclusion
Male RNs experienced both positive and negative professional impressions from people inside and outside the healthcare facilities. In some cases, male RNs faced workplace violence and discrimination. Nonetheless, it was evident that male RNs strove harder to “belong” and to earn respect from the people of Saudi Arabia.
Radiopharmaceuticals Adverse Events Management
Authors: Martínez Ana Agudo , Hernandez Gertrudis Sabatel , Mora Manuela Molina , de la Riva Perez Pablo Antonio , Lopez Rosa Fernandez , Molina Teresa Cambil , Moron Cinta Calvo 
Published: April 2024

Background and Purpose:
Radiopharmaceuticals are radioactive compounds used
for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes which are most often administered intravenously. Adverse
events that may induce both adverse reactions and drug-to-drug interactions with changes
in expected biodistribution, potentially affecting patient safety and diagnostic accuracy. Adverse
reactions are relatively rare due to the small doses and under-reporting is the norm. The aim of
this study is to increase awareness of the need to report in order to create protocols for the management
of such adverse events among professionals in a Nuclear Medicine Department.

Methods:
A reporting system was established a decade ago through an electronic form to enhance
adverse event registration. The radiopharmacist collects data for further communication
with National Health authorities and develops an annual report with recommendations on the
management of these adverse events.

Results:
A total of 128 reports were collected, including 65 cases of extravasations, 18 adverse
reactions, and 45 drug interactions. Over the years, reporting has been increasing, adverse reactions
occurred at a higher incidence than reported in the literature, and each anomalous biodistribution
was analysed for possible drug interaction. The annual reports have been used to develop
a local guideline for the management of adverse reactions and recommendations for discontinuation
of treatment to avoid interactions with radiopharmaceuticals.

Conclusion:
The recognition of adverse events associated with radiopharmaceuticals is increasing,
underlining the need for vigilant reporting and improved management strategies. An efficient
reporting system promotes awareness of possible interactions between radiopharmaceuticals
and other medicines and their potential adverse reactions to enhance patient safety.
Assessment of the Prevalence and Determinants of Vaccine Hesitancy in Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Zeeshan , Wasif Samia , Bailey Emily S. , Malik Muhammad Wasif , Ranjha Muazam Abbas , Baig Mirza Zeeshan Iqbal , Hussain Fawad , Ali Tariq Mahmood , Ahmed Haroon 
Published: April 2024

Background
Global efforts were critical in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic, and the World Health Organization declared it no longer a public health emergency of international concern in May 2023. Pakistan faced six waves and used every available resource to combat the pandemic. Public knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) are key to the success of preventative interventions.

Objective
The goal of this study was to examine KAP through an online study of the general population and to evaluate the prevalence and determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Pakistan.

Methods
Between October and December 2021, a survey of the public was undertaken in several areas across Pakistan. A questionnaire was designed with questions focused on participant`s KAP, and statistical analyses were conducted to observe the normality of the data, knowledge, attitude and practice scores and the correlation between knowledge and attitude.

Results
Out of 688 participants surveyed, 98% expressing a preference for the vaccine over contracting the disease-causing SARS-CoV-2 virus. Overall, the study respondents had a positive attitude (95%) towards preventive measures to protect against pandemic-related issues and had more interest in the vaccine if it were provided free of cost and if the vaccine could be provided at their homes (74%). For participants in this study, knowledge and attitude remained dependent and positively correlated (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
This study identified limitations in public health communication techniques used to promote the COVID-19 vaccine that prevented widespread uptake of prevention measures. Additionally, this study revealed that age, education, and gender were statistically significant determinants for vaccine hesitancy (practices) and should likely be considered while making policies for health promotion programs.
Systemic Thrombolysis of Acute Portal Venous System Thrombosis in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: A Pilot Study
Authors: Soliman Samah , Ismail Ahmed Mohamed , Badawi Rehab , Elkhalawany Walaa 
Published: April 2024

Background
The prevalence of Portal Vein Thrombosis (PVT) is highly variable at different stages of liver disease: in compensated patients 10%, in decompensated patients 17%, in acute decompensated cirrhosis 9%, and in post-liver transplantation patients 2-26%.

Aim
The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy and safety of systemic thrombolysis in acute portal vein thrombosis in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Methods
A total of 10 compensated cirrhotic patients with acute portal vein thrombosis were examined by abdominal ultrasonography with color Doppler and Contrast-enhanced computerized tomography. Continuous intravenous infusion of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator(r-tPA.) and Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) was used to treat all patients for a maximum of 7 days. Patients were followed up for improvement of clinical symptoms and radiological by abdominal ultrasound with color Doppler and contrast-enhanced computerized tomography.

Results
The regimen of therapy was found to be well-tolerated by all the patients. At the end of the seven days, six patients (60%) had full recanalization of the portal vein, while three had partial recanalization (30%) and no recanalization in only one patient (10%).

Conclusion
The preliminary data indicate that systemic thrombolytic therapy combined with low molecular weight heparin for the treatment of PVT appears to be safe and effective over a few days with no clinically significant side effects.
Can Triglycerides-HDL-C Ratio, HOMA-IR, ApoB, Non-HDL Cholesterol, and Free Cholesterol be Laboratory-Associated Flags of Female Coronary Atherosclerosis Regardless of Being Diabetic?
Authors: Teixeira Leonor Fernandes , Bidu Nadielle Silva , Mendes da Silva Alysson Luiz , Carvalho da Conceição Gildásio , Brustolim Daniele , Junior Roque Aras , Couto Ricardo David 
Published: April 2024

Aim
The study aimed to evaluate biomarkers, ratios, and indexes as flags of coronary obstructions in women with established coronary atherosclerotic disease regardless of diabetes.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 42 confirmed atherosclerotic coronary female patients, stratified into diabetic or not and scheduled for angioplasty or coronary graft bypass surgery. Blood samples were collected immediately before coronary intervention for laboratory determinations, such as glycemia, HbA1c, insulin, HDL-C, PON-1, free cholesterol, LDL-C, Apo A-1, Apo B, and TG.

Results
In diabetic patients, insulin was positively correlated with triglycerides (p < 0.0108; r = 0.2009), apo B (p < 0.0006; r = 0.3737), non-HDL cholesterol (p < 0.0084; r = 0.2156), and free cholesterol (p < 0.0084; r = 0.3251). Applying a linear regression model, insulin from diabetic patients showed an association with glycemia, triglycerides, and HOMA-IR (p < 0.001, R2 = 0.9868), but in non-diabetics, the association was only found between insulin and HOMA-IR (p = 0.002, R2 = 0.9031). On the other hand, using triglycerides as a dependent variable, its association has been found in both groups, but only with HOMA-IR (diabetics: p = 0.006, R2 = 0.2504; non-diabetics: p = 0.014, R2 = 0.4697). Also, the TG/HDL-C ratio was higher than 2.5 in 90% of diabetics and 83.33% of non-diabetic patients.

Conclusion
The high prevalence of females with a TG/HDL-C ratio above 2.5, the association among insulin, HOMA-IR, and TG/HDL-C, and correlations with apoB, non-HDL-C, and free cholesterol, should be evaluated as flags of female precocious coronary atherosclerosis.