bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Reactive Strength Index and Metabolic Cost of Running in Male Master Athletes
Authors: Tanneau Maxence , Berryman Nicolas , Mujika Iñigo , Nguyen Anh P. , Cappa Darío , Barraud Jeanne , Bosquet Laurent 
Published: February 2025

Purpose: To examine the association between reactive strength index (RSI) and metabolic cost of running (MCr) in master athletes. We hypothesized that individuals with a higher RSI would exhibit a lower MCr, that both variables would be associated, and that age would moderate this relationship. Methods: Forty-five male master athletes participated to this study. A median split was performed to constitute 2 age groups (group 1, 47.7 [1.7] y old; group 2, 56.3 [4.6] y old). Participants underwent a single 45-minute session during which RSI was assessed with drop jumps, and MCr, during a continuous exercise of submaximal intensity performed on a treadmill. Results: A small negative association was found between net MCr and RSI in the overall sample (RSI mean r = −.38, P < .05; RSI max r = −.38, P < .05). Group 1 exhibited a lower net MCr (P < .01, d = −0.84) and higher RSI (P < .01, d > 0.82) than group 2. However, the association between the 2 measures was verified specifically in group 2 (RSI from a 20-cm drop jump, r = −.53, P < .01; RSI mean, r = −.50, P < .05; RSI maximum, r = −.57, P < .01). Conclusions: RSI is associated with net MCR in master athletes, particularly in older participants. Additional intervention studies are now required to further explore this association.
Effects of Postactivation Performance Enhancement From Upper-Body Flywheel Overload on Tennis-Serve Performance
Authors: Baiget Ernest , Fernández-Fernández Jaime , Díaz Martina , Colomar Joshua 
Published: February 2025

Purpose: (1) To analyze the effects of postactivation performance enhancement (PAPE) induced by upper-limb flywheel resistance training on serve velocity and accuracy in tennis players, (2) to compare the effects of 2 different protocols (low load [LL] vs high load [HL]), and (3) to examine whether PAPE effects are influenced by tennis players’ neuromuscular performance. Methods: Fifteen young competitive tennis players completed 1 familiarization and 3 testing sessions in a randomized order. In the control session, participants performed a warm-up protocol followed by serve-velocity and -accuracy tests. The experimental sessions included 3 sets of 6 repetitions of LL (0.02 kg·m2) or HL (0.08 kg·m2) flywheel shoulder internal rotation prior to the serve-velocity and -accuracy tests. Serve velocity and accuracy were measured at 30 seconds and 3 and 6 minutes after each protocol. Results: There were moderately significant serve-velocity differences between baseline and LL protocols at 3 (P = .009; 5.4% [5.8%]; effect size = 0.927) and 6 minutes in both LL (P = .025; 5.7% [7.2%]; effect size = 0.793) and HL (P = .026; 5.4% [6.8%]; effect size = 0.787) protocols. Serve accuracy remained stable in both protocols and recovery times. No associations were found between mechanical outcomes and percentage changes. Conclusions: Low volume and multiple sets of shoulder internal-rotation flywheel resistance training induced serve-velocity PAPE in competitive tennis players without serve-accuracy impairment in time windows from 3 to 6 minutes. Better neuromuscular performance did not seem to favor PAPE effects.
Physical Exercise Time and Depression Among Adolescents: A Nonlinear Dose–Response Association
Authors: Ge Meng-Wei , Shen Lu-Ting , Hu Fei-Hong , Jia Yi-Jie , Tang Wen , Zhang Wan-Qing , Chen Hong-Lin , Yu De-Jun 
Published: February 2025

Background: Although physical exercise has been proven to yield beneficial outcomes for individual health, the dose–response association between physical exercise time and depression among adolescents remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between exercise time and depression among adolescents, as well as the dose–response relationship. Methods: A logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the correlation between physical exercise time and depression among adolescents. The model controlled for age, ethnicity, economic status, parental relationship, divorce, being an only child, and sleep time. A restricted cubic spline model was used to examine the nonlinear dose–response relationship. Results: A significant inverse correlation was demonstrated between adolescents’ physical exercise time and depression (P = .014). Both insufficient exercise (odds ratios = 1.27; 95% CI, 0.98–1.65; P = .072) and excessive level (odds ratios = 2.14; 95% CI, 1.03–4.47; P = .041) showed positive associations with depression. Restricted cubic spline analysis indicated that appropriate exercise (2.0–9.5 h/wk) may prevent depression, while excessive exercise (>9.5 h/wk) may exacerbate it (P-nonlinear < .001, P-overall < .001). Conclusions: Low physical exercise time is associated with higher risk for depressive symptoms in adolescents, whereas excessive exercise is also associated with higher risk of depression, particularly in boys. The findings of this study underscore the importance of adolescents increasing their physical exercise time, but also maintaining a balance to avoid excessive exercise.
Compositional shifts and co-occurrence patterns of topsoil bacteria and micro-eukaryotes across a permafrost thaw gradient in alpine meadows of the Qilian Mountains, China
Authors: Wang Zhu , Liu Yang , Wang Fang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Soil microorganisms play a pivotal role in the biogeochemical cycles of alpine meadow ecosystems, especially in the context of permafrost thaw. However, the mechanisms driving microbial community responses to environmental changes, such as variations in active layer thickness (ALT) of permafrost, remain poorly understood. This study utilized next-generation sequencing to explore the composition and co-occurrence patterns of soil microbial communities, focusing on bacteria and micro-eukaryotes along a permafrost thaw gradient. The results showed a decline in bacterial alpha diversity with increasing permafrost thaw, whereas micro-eukaryotic diversity exhibited an opposite trend. Although changes in microbial community composition were observed in permafrost and seasonally frozen soils, these shifts were not statistically significant. Bacterial communities exhibited a greater differentiation between frozen and seasonally frozen soils, a pattern not mirrored in eukaryotic communities. Linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis revealed a higher number of potential biomarkers in bacterial communities compared with micro-eukaryotes. Bacterial co-occurrence networks were more complex, with more nodes, edges, and positive linkages than those of micro-eukaryotes. Key factors such as soil texture, ALT, and bulk density significantly influenced bacterial community structures, particularly affecting the relative abundances of the Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria phyla. In contrast, fungal communities (e.g.,
Nucletmycea
,
Rhizaria
,
Chloroplastida
, and
Discosea
groups) were more affected by electrical conductivity, vegetation coverage, and ALT. This study highlights the distinct responses of soil bacteria and micro-eukaryotes to permafrost thaw, offering insights into microbial community stability under global climate change.

IMPORTANCE
This study sheds light on how permafrost thaw affects microbial life in the soil, with broader implications for understanding climate change impacts. As permafrost degrades, it alters the types and numbers of microbes in the soil. These microbes play essential roles in environmental processes, such as nutrient cycling and greenhouse gas emissions. By observing shifts from bacteria-dominated to fungi-dominated communities as permafrost thaws, the study highlights potential changes in these processes. Importantly, this research suggests that the stability of microbial networks decreases with permafrost degradation, potentially disrupting the delicate balance of these ecosystems. The findings not only deepen our understanding of microbial responses to changing climates but also support the development of strategies to monitor and potentially mitigate the effects of climate change on fragile high-altitude ecosystems.
Complete genome sequences of
Klebsiella pneumoniae
,
Klebsiella quasipneumoniae
, and
Klebsiella variicola
clinical isolates from an epidemiology study
Authors: Peralta-Macotela Pedro , Flores-Monzón Bibiana , Lira de León Karla Isabel , Sánchez-Tusie Ana Alicia , Rodríguez-Medina Nadia , Alvarado-Delgado Alejandro , Aguilar-Vera Edgar , Zumaya-Estrada Federico , Garza-Ramos Ulises , García-Gutiérrez Maria Carlota 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

An epidemiology study of
Klebsiella spp
. causing infections was carried out. In the study,
K. pneumoniae
was identified with a prevalence of 94.6%,
K. quasipneumoniae
with 3.8%, and
K. variicola
with 1.6%. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of four selected
Klebsiella pneumoniae
species complex (KpSC) clinical isolates obtained from different sources.
The effects of small geographical resolution and age on the phyllosphere microbial diversity of
Castanopsis eyrei
in subtropical forest
Authors: Xie Lei , Bao XuXu , Chen Shuifei , Ding Hui , Fang Yanming 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Our understanding of the mechanisms that maintain phyllosphere microbial diversity in natural systems remains far less developed than our understanding of belowground microbiomes. This knowledge gap hinders our comprehension of growth dynamics in the Fagaceae, a predominant tree family in subtropical regions, and the critical role it plays as a major forest community assembly. Here, we tested leaves from
Castanopsis eyrei
, a widespread subtropical Fagaceae species in south-eastern China, sampled across multiple ages within a forest dynamics plot on Mt. Huangshan. Using third-generation sequencing of full-length bacterial 16S rRNA genes and fungal ITS regions, we characterized the associated phyllosphere microbiota. We found that phyllosphere fungal diversity was high, dominated by Teratosphaeriaceae, Trimorphomycetaceae, and Bulleribasidiaceae, while bacterial diversity was lower and primarily comprised Beijerinckiaceae, Isosphaeraceae, and Acidobacteriaceae. Habitat, rather than host age, emerged as the principal factor influencing fungal and pathogen diversity. Linear mixed-effects models revealed a negative relationship between
C. eyrei
biomass and phyllosphere pathogen diversity. Co-occurrence network analysis showed that
C. eyrei
saplings supported the most complex network structure, with
Recuromyces
acting as a key pathogenic fungus, serving as both a module hub and a connector across all age classes. Overall, these findings highlight the ecological importance of habitat in shaping phyllosphere microbial diversity and underscore the interplay between host function and the maintenance of microbial diversity.

IMPORTANCE

Plant surfaces host diverse microbial communities that significantly impact host health and overall forest productivity. However, mechanisms maintaining phyllosphere microbial diversity and their consequences for host plants remain poorly understood. Employing a three-generation high-throughput sequencing approach, we investigated the phyllosphere fungal and bacterial diversity across different microhabitats and ages of
Castanopsis eyrei
, a common species in subtropical forest, China. Our results underscore the presence of exceptionally high microbial diversity on the plant surface, elucidating the taxonomic composition at the family level of key host microorganisms. Furthermore, our observation of a negative correlation between host performance and phyllosphere pathogens underscores the potential self-limiting ability of plants.
A model based cost-utility analysis of Embedding referral to structured self-management education into standard practice (Embedding) compared to usual care for people with type 2 diabetes diagnosis in the last 12 months in England
Authors: Pollard Daniel John , Keetharuth Anju , Brennan Alan , Bodicoat Danielle H , Glab Agnieszka , Hadjiconstantinou Michelle , Mensa Joesph P , Northern Alison , Davies Melanie J 
Published: February 2025

Objectives
To conduct a cost-utility analysis of an implementation package that has been developed aiming to embed the referral of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to structured self-management education (SSME) from primary care into routine practice compared with usual care.

Design
Model-based cost-effectiveness analysis using the School for Public Health Research type 2 diabetes treatment model. With costs and effectiveness parameters coming from analyses of data from a cluster randomised control trial.

Setting
English National Health Service.

Participants
People with T2DM from 64 GP practices in England.

Interventions
Embedding SSME implementation package Usual care.

Primary and secondary outcome measures
The primary outcome measure was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. Secondary outcome measures included the probability of Embedding implementation package being cost-effective and value of information.

Results
The estimated cost of the intervention was £40 316 across the study sites, which equates to £0.521 per patient across all practices. For the base case, the estimated mean discounted incremental lifetime cost of the intervention per patient is £48.19. This is associated with a mean per patient incremental quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) estimate of 0.006, producing an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of £8311 per QALY gained. This has a 73.1% probability of the intervention being cost-effective at a funding threshold of £20 000 per QALY gained. Scenario analyses indicate that alternative parameterisations can lead to this finding being overturned.

Conclusions
The effectiveness of the Embedding packages was hampered by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, our base case analysis shows that Embedding could be cost-effective for this patient population, but this was subject to significant structural uncertainty. This suggests that while implementation initiatives can be highly cost-effective in this population, more robust evidence or further incentivisation will be required before widespread adoption can be recommended.

Trial registration number

NCT23474120
, registered 05/04/2018.
Protocol for a randomised phase 3 trial evaluating the role of Finasteride in Active Surveillance for men with low and intermediate-risk prostate cancer: the FINESSE Study
Authors: Cumberbatch Marcus , North Bernard , Kealy Roseann , Smith Samuel , Hubbard Rachel , Kennish Steven , Bhattrai Selina , Cross William , Chahal Rohit , Bryant Richard , Lamb Alastair D , Dooldeniya Mohantha , Faulkner Simon , Sasieni Peter , Catto James 
Published: February 2025

Background
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common male malignancy in the western world. Many men (40%) are diagnosed with localised low or intermediate-risk PCa, which is suitable for active surveillance (AS). AS affords careful monitoring to identify changes in otherwise non-life-threatening cancers. While AS reduces overtreatment (and quality of life impact), long-term compliance can be poor, with many men undergoing radical treatment after starting AS.

Methods and analysis
Finasteride in Active Surveillance for men with low and intermediate-risk prostate cancer (FINESSE) is a prospective, open-label, two-arm, phase 3 trial, in which men with low or intermediate PCa are randomised (1:1) to receive AS with or without finasteride (5 mg once a day for 2 years). Randomisation is stratified by age and PCa risk. AS includes regular prostate-specific antigen testing, MRI scans and the offer of repeat biopsy (at 3 years, or if imaging suggests progression). Additional MRI scans and/or biopsies will be performed for biochemical or clinical indications. We aim to recruit 550 men (aged 50 to 75 years) from up to eight sites. Active outpatient follow-up will be for 3–5 years (depending on date recruited), followed by passive registry-based follow-up for up to 10 years. Primary outcome is adherence to AS. Secondary outcomes include rates and type of disease progression, treatments received (for PCa and benign prostatic enlargement), overall and PCa-specific mortality, an understanding of patients/professionals views of this approach and health-related quality of life. An external panel of experts blinded to allocation will review all AS cessation and progression events. Trial pathologist’s and radiologist’s, blinded to allocation, will review representative cases. Analysis is Intention to Treat.

Ethics and dissemination
The study received Health Research Authority and South-Central Oxford Research Ethics Committee (14/12/2021: 21/SC/0349) and CTA/MHRA (29/12/2021: 21304/0274/001–0001) approvals. Results will be made available to providers and researchers via publicly accessible scientific journals.

Trial registration number

NCT16867955
Gut cannabinoid receptor 1 regulates alcohol binge-induced intestinal permeability
Authors: Maccioni Luca , Dvorácskó Szabolcs , Godlewski Grzegorz , Cinar Resat , Iyer Malliga R , Gao Bin , Kunos George 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundEndocannabinoids acting via cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) can elicit increased intestinal permeability (a condition also called ‘leaky gut’). Alcohol binge can adversely affect digestive functions, including intestinal permeability; however, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. The current study aimed at examining whether CB1R is involved in alcohol binge-induced intestinal permeability.MethodsWe developed intestinal epithelial-specific CB1R knockout (CB1IEC−/−) mice and evaluated thein vivocontribution of gut CB1R in alcohol binge-induced intestinal permeability.ResultsAlcohol binge increased anandamide levels in the proximal small intestine in association with increased intestinal permeability. Radioligand binding and functional assays confirmed that the genetic deletion of intestinal epithelial CB1R did not alter the density or functionality of CB1R in the brain. Additionally, a peripheral CB1R antagonist, (S)-MRI-1891 (INV-202/monlunabant), exhibited comparable binding affinity to CB1R in brain homogenates. An acute oral administration of (S)-MRI-1891 (3 mg/kg) reduced alcohol binge-induced intestinal permeability in littermate control CB1f/f(CB1 floxed/floxed) mice but had no effect in CB1IEC−/−mice, underscoring the role of intestinal CB1R in this phenomenon. Mechanistically, we found that alcohol activated intestinal epithelial CB1R-ERK1/2 pathway with subsequent downregulation of tight junction proteins and reduction in villi length. In addition, targeting intestinal CB1R and downstream ERK1/2 was able to reverse this process, with subsequent upregulation of tight junction proteins and increased villi length, thus improving gut barrier function. Despite the effects on intestinal permeability, deletion of intestinal CB1R did not significantly affect metabolic parameters and liver disease.ConclusionOur findings suggest that alcohol promotes leaky gut via the activation of gut epithelial CB1R and demonstrate that inhibition of CB1R with peripheral-restricted selective CB1R antagonists can prevent alcohol binge-induced intestinal permeability.
Association between ambient temperature and years of life lost of external causes of death in 16 prefecture-level regions of Yunnan Province
Authors: Wang Kai , Chen Yang , Zha Yuanyi , Lu Lvliang , Wang Yujin , Guo Pi , Zhang Qingying 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundMany injury deaths are related to the environment. This study examined the impact of ambient temperature on external causes of death in Yunnan Province.MethodsData on external causes of death and meteorological information were collected from 2014 to 2020 across 129 counties and districts of Yunnan Province. We estimated associations of the years of life lost (YLL) and its attributable fraction (AF) with temperature using a distributed lag non-linear model in each city and then pooled them in a multivariate meta-regression.ResultsThis study included 191 115 external causes of death and daily YLL was 2338.1 years. The relationship between mean temperature and YLL was found to be U-shaped. The AF of the YLL was 12.65% (95% empirical CI (eCI) 7.80% to 16.45%), 18.54% (95% eCI 8.91% to 23.56%) and 15.79% (95% eCI 8.83% to 20.07%) for external causes of death, traffic accidents and other external causes, respectively. Most of the disease burden was attributed to heat temperature. In the disease burden caused by temperature, males, individuals under 75 years old and those of Han ethnicity were mainly affected by heat temperature; individuals over 75 years old and minority populations were mainly affected by cold temperatures. Non-farmers are more affected by temperature than farmers.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that ambient temperature impacts external causes of death, and the results vary by gender, age, ethnicity and occupation. The study shows the importance of implementing preventive measures targeting both the general population and vulnerable groups in order to address external causes of death in future adaptation policies.
Characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus initiating anifrolumab in a real-world setting in Spain (AZAHAR study): an observational study protocol
Authors: Galindo-Izquierdo María , Bahamontes-Rosa Noemí , Sarto-Ferres Berta , Galvez-Fernandez Marta , Cortés-Hernández Josefina 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionAnifrolumab (Saphnelo) is approved for adult patients with moderate-severe systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Considering its commercialisation in Spain in 2023, observational studies describing the use of anifrolumab in routine clinical practice are limited. The aim of the AZAHAR study is to describe the characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with SLE who initiated anifrolumab during its first year of marketing in Spain.Methods and analysisThis is an observational retrospective study including ~120 patients with moderate-severe SLE who received anifrolumab in Spain in 20 centres from 1 June 2023 to 31 May 2024. Patients will be followed up every 6 months after the first infusion of anifrolumab for a period between 6 and 18 months until the end of the study (31 December 2024). Data will be obtained through the review of medical records, considering as primary outcomes disease activity measured by Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) 2000, clinical SLEDAI, Physician Global Assessment and Lupus Low Disease Activity State and remission, defined by Definitions of Remission in SLE-21, and as secondary outcomes, SLE treatment, flare incidence, anifrolumab adherence and persistence (time on treatment) and healthcare resources utilisation.Ethics and disseminationThe final protocol of the study will be approved by ethics committees/institutional review boards (IRB)/independent ethics committees at each site.Trial registration numberNCT06626945.