bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of syringe irrigation, RinsEndo® and passive ultrasonic irrigation in removing debris from irregularities in root canals with different apical sizes
Authors: Rödig T. , Sedghi M. , Konietschke F. , Lange K. , Ziebolz D. , Hülsmann M. 
Published: June 2010

Rödig T, Sedghi M, Konietschke F, Lange K, Ziebolz D, Hülsmann M. Efficacy of syringe irrigation, RinsEndo® and passive ultrasonic irrigation in removing debris from irregularities in root canals with different apical sizes. International Endodontic Journal, 43, 581–589, 2010.AbstractAim  To compare of the efficacy of syringe irrigation, RinsEndo® (Dürr Dental, Bietigheim, Germany) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) in the removal of dentinal debris from simulated irregularities in root canals with different apical sizes.Methodology  Thirty extracted human pre‐molars were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10) followed by root canal preparation with rotary FlexMaster® NiTi instruments (VDW, Munich, Germany) to size 30, 0.02 taper (group 1), size 40, 0.02 taper (group 2) or size 50, 0.02 taper (group 3). The teeth were split longitudinally, and a standard groove and three hemispherical‐shaped cavities were cut into the root canal halves. Grooves and cavities were filled with dentinal debris before each irrigation procedure and the root halves were reassembled. In all groups three different irrigation procedures were performed with 30 mL NaOCl (1%) and (i) syringe, (ii) RinsEndo® and (iii) PUI. The amount of remaining debris was evaluated under a microscope with 30× magnification and a four score system. The data were analysed with a non‐parametric analysis of covariance and multiple comparisons using the Tukey adjustment (P = 0.05).Results  Passive ultrasonic irrigation removed debris significantly better from the artificial canal irregularities than RinsEndo® and syringe irrigation irrespective of the root canal diameter. Only in group 1 (30, 0.02 taper) the difference between PUI and RinsEndo® was not statistically significant (P = 0.99). RinsEndo® demonstrated significantly better results than syringe irrigation in all groups (P < 0.001).Conclusions  Ultrasonic irrigation is more effective than syringe irrigation or RinsEndo® in removing debris from artificial extensions in straight root canals.
Panbiogeography of New Caledonia: a response to Heads (2008)
Authors: Murienne Jérôme 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe definition of areas of endemism is one of the most important steps for historical biogeography. Here I review the dataset used by Heads (Journal of Biogeography, 2008, 35, 2153–2175) for his panbiogeographical analysis of the New Caledonian biota. I highlight that some of the distribution data appear dubious (some localities should have been included while some others should have been deleted) when compared with current databases. In addition, some conclusions are not supported by the data themselves.
New Caledonian biogeography: a reply to Murienne
Authors: Heads Michael 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis note replies to criticisms raised by Murienne (Journal of Biogeography, 2010, doi:10.1111/j.1365‐2699.2010.02321.x). Herein it is argued that assuming distributions in New Caledonia are caused by current environmental factors overlooks the possible importance of regional tectonic history for the biogeography.
The accumulation of genetic diversity within a canopy‐stored seed bank
Authors: AYRE DAVID , O’BRIEN ELEANOR , OTTEWELL KYM , WHELAN ROB 
Published: June 2010

AbstractMany plants regenerate after fire from a canopy‐stored seed bank, in which seed are housed in fire resistant confructescences (cones) that remain on maternal plants. This strategy would be favoured if plants accumulate a sufficiently large and genetically diverse seed bank during interfire intervals. We use a 16‐year demographic study and surveys of microsatellite variation to quantify and explain the rate of accumulation of genetic diversity within the canopy seed bank of the shrub Banksia spinulosa. Flowering and fruit set were highly variable. An initial sample in 1991 of 354 reproductively mature plants generated 426 cones over 16 years, of which only 55 cones from 40 maternal plants persisted until 2005. By genotyping seed from these 55 cones we demonstrated that genetic diversity accumulated rapidly within the seed bank. Resampling revealed that diversity was determined by the number, not the age, of cones. Cones were widely distributed among plants, outcrossing rates were high (mean tm = 1.00 ± 0.04) and biparental inbreeding low. Adults displayed little evidence of isolation by distance and the genotypic diversity of seed cohorts was independent of the density of neighbouring potential sires. We therefore estimate that within at least 13 individual years the number of cones produced per year (14–63) would have contained 100% of the adult genetic diversity. We conclude that a highly outcrossed mating system and relatively widespread pollen dispersal ensure the rapid development of a genetically diverse and spatially and temporally homogeneous seed bank.
Contrasted responses of Botrytis cinerea isolates developing on tomato plants grown under different nitrogen nutrition regimes
Authors: Lecompte F. , Abro M. A. , Nicot P. C. 
Published: June 2010

The nutritional status of a plant is known to influence its susceptibility to pathogens. In the case of Botrytis cinerea, the role of nitrogen fertilization of various host plants on disease development appears to be variable. This study was carried out to characterize possible variability associated with isolates and inoculum density of B. cinerea in its ability to infect leaf‐pruning wounds and to develop stem lesions on tomato plants, as affected by the nitrogen input. Six isolates differing in their aggressiveness to tomato were compared. They all had similar reaction patterns in vitro in response to differential nitrogen levels. In tests on plants grown with contrasted regimes of nitrate fertilization, overall disease severity was lower for all isolates on plants with higher nitrogen inputs, regardless of inoculum concentration. However, differences among isolates were observed in the effect of plant nitrogen nutrition on infection and on lesion expansion. Disease onset was delayed on all plants with higher nitrogen inputs, but the response was greater for isolates with lower aggressiveness on tomato. The highest contrast among isolates was observed with the colonization of stems. The daily rate of stem lesion expansion decreased with increasing nitrogen fertilization levels for the more aggressive isolates, while it increased for the less aggressive isolate. Hypotheses to explain these results are discussed in light of the possible physiological effects of nitrogen fertilization on nutrient availability for the pathogen in the host tissue and of possible production of defence metabolites by the plant.
Morphological Quality of Oocytes and Blood Plasma Metabolites in Repeat Breeding and Early Lactation Dairy Cows
Authors: Kurykin J , Waldmann A , Tiirats T , Kaart T , Jaakma Ü 
Published: June 2010

ContentsThe objectives of the study were to evaluate the morphological quality of oocytes in repeat breeder and early lactation cows and to determine the possible associations between the quality of oocytes and a range of blood metabolites. Oocyte quality and a range of metabolites were compared between 29 repeat breeder and 13 early lactation cows. The yield of oocytes from the repeat breeders was lower than that from the early lactation cows (4.4 ± 0.2 vs 5.4 ± 0.6, p < 0.05). Percentages of abnormal oocytes for the repeat breeders and the early lactation cows were 52.5% and 37.9%, respectively (p < 0.001). An excess of abnormal oocytes to normal was found in 55.2% of the studied repeat breeders (65.8% vs 34.2%, p < 0.05). Total protein, glucose and aspartate aminotransferase did not differ (p > 0.05) between the repeat breeders with an excess of abnormal oocytes (81 ± 1.0 g/l, 3.5 ± 1.0 mmol/l and 68.5 ± 3.7 U/l), those with the prevalence of normal oocytes (84 ± 1.0 g/l, 3.6 ± 0.1 mmol/l and 73.2 ± 3.5 U/l) and the early lactation cows (83 ± 2.0 g/l, 3.7 ± 0.1 mmol/l and 74.5 ± 3.6 U/I). The repeat breeders with an excess of abnormal oocytes had higher (p < 0.05) urea (5.2 ± 0.2 mmol/l) level than in those with the prevalence of normal oocytes (4.8 ± 0.2 mmol/l) and the early lactation cows (4.7 ± 0.2 mmol/l). A trend for higher total cholesterol and lactate dehydrogenase activity was found in the repeat breeders with an excess of abnormal oocytes. In conclusion, it is suggested that possible causes of repeat breeding in dairy cows may include impaired oocytes. An excess of abnormal oocytes in the repeat breeder cows was associated with elevated blood plasma levels of urea.
Assessment of neonatal resuscitation performance using video recording in a perinatal centre
Authors: Gelbart Ben , Hiscock Richard , Barfield Charles 
Published: June 2010

Aim:  To assess the quality of neonatal resuscitation using video recordings in a perinatal centre.Methods:  Video recording was performed during high‐risk deliveries between August 2007 and January 2008. Video recordings of neonatal resuscitations were assessed using a scoring tool previously used to assess resuscitation performance. Qualitative assessments and observations of team function and technical aspects of management were also recorded. Apgar scores documented in the Medical History and those derived from the video record were compared.Results:  Twenty video recordings of neonatal resuscitations were assessed. Of the assessed domains; invasive ventilation and administration of surfactant were performed best with median scores of 100%. Performed least well were preparation and initial steps as well as the assessment and communication of heart rate (HR); 69% and 75%, respectively. Apgar scores were overestimated by a median value of 2 points at both 1 and 5 min (P < 0.001). Errors during resuscitation included inadequate oropharyngeal suction, aggressive stimulation, poor communication of heart rate and inadequate non‐invasive ventilation. Failure to detect deterioration was also observed.Conclusion:  Video recording identified strengths and weaknesses in the performance of neonatal resuscitation and can facilitate targeted education and quality assurance programmes.
Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Australian children
Authors: Wolf Joshua , Daley Andrew J , Tilse Martyn H , Nimmo Graeme R , Bell Sydney , Howell Alison J , Keil Anthony D , Lawrence Andrew , Curtis Nigel 
Published: June 2010

Aim:  Staphylococcus aureus is an important cause of serious illness in children. Antibiotic resistance is an international problem and affects initial antibiotic choice. We aimed to describe susceptibility patterns of S. aureus isolates from Australian children to inform optimal empiric treatment of staphylococcal infections in this population.Methods:  We analysed susceptibility data for all S. aureus isolates from children at Australian tertiary paediatric hospitals in 2006. Susceptibility rates were compared between hospitals and states, and with published studies of S. aureus isolates from Australian adults.Results:  Overall, the proportion of methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in Australian children was low (9.8%), and in each state it was less than for the comparable adult population. There were significant differences in susceptibility patterns between different states. Most MRSA isolates were susceptible to clindamycin (73%) and all isolates were reported as susceptible to vancomycin. Susceptibility patterns for isolates from bacteraemic patients were similar to those for isolates from all patients.Conclusions:  These data support current Australian recommendations for the use of flucloxacillin or a first‐generation cephalosporin as initial treatment of non‐life‐threatening staphylococcal infections. However, broad spectrum antibiotic therapy including agents that are effective against MRSA should be considered for more serious infections. Appropriate specimens should be collected for susceptibility testing to enable directed treatment for MRSA and other resistant organisms. This study highlights the importance of using local, age‐specific data in planning antibiotic treatment guidelines, as results vary substantially from city to city and between adults and children.
Content analysis of food advertising in Turkish television
Authors: Guran Tulay , Turan Serap , Akcay Teoman , Degirmenci Fatih , Avci Okan , Asan Abdulkerim , Erdil Emre , Majid Abdulaziz , Bereket Abdullah 
Published: June 2010

Aim:  Television (TV) viewing has been implicated in children's weight gain. We aimed to conduct a comprehensive content analysis of TV food advertising in Turkey.Methods:  TV advertisements (ads) in the four most popular national free to air Turkish TV channels, were assessed on two weekdays and two weekend days at four time periods of the day; 0800–1200,1200–1600,1600–2000 and 2000–2400 h for each TV channel (64 h assessed for each TV channel), making a total of 256 h. Each ad was analysed for food and drink content, duration and audiovisual properties.Results:  There were 8853 TV ads and 2848 of these were related to food (32.1%). A majority of food ads included high‐calorie, high‐fat, high‐sugar food and drink rather than core/healthy foods (81%). Chocolate and chocolate bars were the most frequently advertised food/drink product, followed by cakes, coffee, tea, candies, gum, fast food, chips, juices/carbonated beverages, margarine and ice‐cream formed the highest rate of food products advertised in decreasing order. Thirty per cent of all obesogenic/unhealthy ads targeted childhood by using audiovisual techniques. The proportion of total advertisements which were for food or drink, and the proportion of food advertisements that were for unhealthy foods were both much higher at the weekend (33% vs. 30% and 84% vs. 78%, respectively). The time period between 1600 and 2000 h was the most concentrated time slot (33%) for food advertising.Conclusions:  This study provides data for the first time on the high levels of obesogenic food advertising on Turkish TV. This should alarm policy‐makers to set limits on food advertising targeted towards children especially in countries like Turkey in which childhood obesity is emerging as an important public health issue.
Assessing development of urban Aboriginal infants
Authors: Bennett Beverley , McDonald Jenny , Knight Jennifer , Comino Elizabeth , Henry Richard 
Published: June 2010

Aims:  To determine the appropriateness of using the Griffiths' Mental Developmental Scales (birth – 2 years) to assess development in a cohort of urban Aboriginal children at 12 months of age.Methods:  The Gudaga study is a prospective longitudinal cohort study assessing the health, development and service use of urban Aboriginal infants residing in south west Sydney. All infants receive a full heath and development assessment (including the Griffiths' Mental Developmental Scales) when they are 12 months of age. This study analyses the results of the first 55 infants.Results:  The distribution of the General Quotient for the first 55 Gudaga infants is normal with a mean of 98.5 (SD 10.5). There is no significant difference between the Gudaga cohort and the Griffiths' standardisation sample for locomotor, personal‐social, hearing and language, and eye and hand coordination sub‐quotient scores.Conclusion:  The Griffiths' Mental Developmental Scales may be an appropriate tool to use for the assessment of development in urban Aboriginal infants.
A case of vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma complicated with congenital anomalies of the genitourinary tract and metanephric remnant without prenatal diethylstilbestrol exposure
Authors: Uehara Takashi , Onda Takashi , Sasajima Yuko , Sawada Morio , Kasamatsu Takahiro 
Published: June 2010

AbstractVaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma (CCA) is well known to be associated with prenatal diethylstilbestrol exposure. We present a vaginal CCA with congenital anomalies of the genitourinary tract without prenatal diethylstilbestrol exposure. A 54‐year‐old woman complained of a 3‐month history of genital bleeding. The examination revealed CCA at the anterior vagina and congenital anomalies. An anterior pelvic exenteration was performed. Macroscopically, bicornuate uterus, vaginal septum and left ureteral agenesis were found. Microscopically, vaginal CCA coexisted with adenosis and both metanephric and mesonephric remnants. The vaginal CCA was supposed to derive from coexisting adenosis. The adenosis was also supposed to occur as a congenital basis, together with genitourinary tract anomalies. Relations between congenital anomalies of the genitourinary tract and vaginal adenocarcinoma were suspected, resultantly.
Neovagina constructed with the peritoneum of the anterior abdominal wall
Authors: Gu Yongzhong , Zhang Xiangning , Kong Beihua , Yu Yunhai 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjective:  To describe the successful construction of a neovagina with the peritoneum from the anterior abdominal wall for six hypermicrosomic patients diagnosed with Rokitansky syndrome.Material & Methods:  A neovagina was created using peritoneum from the anterior abdominal wall.Results:  The mean depth of the neovaginas was 11 cm and the diameter was 2.5 cm. The mucosa of the neovaginas was pinkish and had a moist surface. No intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed. The patients enjoyed sexual activity after the operation.Conclusions:  The application of the peritoneum from the anterior abdominal wall for the hypermicrosomic patient diagnosed with Rokitansky syndrome has the advantage of providing sufficient length for the creation of a neovagina.
Ultrasonographic evaluation of endometrial changes using computer assisted image analysis
Authors: Chou Szu‐Yuan , Chen Chih‐Yen , Chow Pui‐Ki , Hsu Chun‐Sen , Hsu Ming‐I , Chiang Huihua Kenny 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAim: To examine the usefulness of a gray scale histogram and computer assisted image analysis software in assessing physiologic states of the endometrium with ultrasonography.Methods: Seventy patients at the Taipei Medical University‐Wan Fang Hospital who matched eligibility criteria were categorized into one of three groups: (i) normal menstrual cycle, (ii) postmenopausal, and (iii) post incomplete abortion. Ultrasonography of the uterus was performed on each patient and the endometrium was analyzed with ImageJ image analysis software.Results: A statistically significant difference in signal intensity scores of the gray level histogram, represented asmj, was found between the groups.Conclusion: Ultrasonographic images analyzed using computer assisted image analysis software and gray level histogram are useful in assessing the physiological state of the endometrium.
Four‐dimensional volume‐rendered imaging of the fetal ventricular outflow tracts and great arteries using inversion mode for detection of congenital heart disease
Authors: Hata Toshiyuki , Tanaka Hirokazu , Noguchi Junko , Dai Shu‐Yan , Yamaguchi Mika , Yanagihara Toshihiro 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAim:  Using four‐dimensional (4D) sonography with an inversion mode, we evaluated fetal ventricular outflow tracts and great vessels for the detection of congenital heart disease.Methods:  Volume datasets of the fetal heart were acquired with spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC), which uses automated transverse and longitudinal sweeps of the anterior chest wall. A total of 12 normal fetuses and seven fetuses with congenital heart disease (one case of double‐outlet right ventricle, one case of tetralogy of Fallot, one case of transposition of the great arteries, one case of hypoplastic pulmonary artery with a large ventricular septal defect, and three cases of hypoplastic left heart syndrome) at 16–37 weeks of gestation were studied using transabdominal 4D sonography with an inversion mode. 4D inversion mode images of great arteries were evaluated.Results:  4D ultrasound with an inversion mode demonstrated real‐time 3D angiographic features of fetal cardiac outflow tracts in both normal and abnormal fetal hearts. This modality facilitated visualization of the relationships, size, and course of the outflow tracts, thus helping the examiner to more effectively understand the spatial relationships between the vessels. In normal fetal hearts, it was clearly shown that the pulmonary artery crosses in front of the aorta. In the three cases of hypoplastic left heart syndrome, an extremely small ascending aorta was evident. In the one case of tetralogy of Fallot, a relatively small pulmonary artery was noted. In the one case of hypoplastic pulmonary artery with a large ventricular septal defect, a markedly small main pulmonary artery was depicted. In the case of transposition of the great arteries, the vessels left the ventricles parallel to each other. In the case of double‐outlet right ventricle, great arteries leaving the right ventricle in parallel were shown.Conclusion:  4D ultrasound in the inversion mode provides a means of evaluating fetal cardiac outflow tracts in 3D in real time. This technique may assist in the evaluation of spatial relationships between the great vessels and both ventricles, and the difference in the size of great vessels. Moreover, the inversion mode images should be more readily discernible than those obtained by conventional ultrasonography. 4D ultrasound in the inversion mode may be an important modality in future fetal cardiac research and in the evaluation of fetal congenital heart disease.
Correlation of p53 and Ki‐67 (MIB‐1) expressions with clinicopathological features and prognosis of early stage cervical squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Hanprasertpong Jitti , Tungsinmunkong Kobkul , Chichareon Saibua , Wootipoom Virach , Geater Alan , Buhachat Rakchai , Boonyapipat Sathana 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAim:  To evaluate the prognostic significance of the expression of p53 and Ki‐67, and their correlation with various clinicopathological factors in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix treated by radical hysterectomy.Methods:  Two hundred and thirty five patients diagnosed between 1987 and 2004 were investigated for p53 and Ki‐67 expression by immunohistochemistry. The relationship of these proteins and other potential prognostic factors with recurrence‐free survival (RFS) was evaluated.Results:  The mean age of the patients was 43.9 years (range, 27–68). There were 28 cases with stage IA2 (11.9%) and 207 cases with stage IB1 (88.1%). The overall 5‐year RFS was 91.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 86.0, 94.4). p53 and Ki‐67 expressions were seen in 33.6% and 81.3% of cases, respectively. p53 expression was significantly associated only with parametrial or marginal involvement (P = 0.005), while Ki‐67 expression significantly correlated only with larger tumor (P = 0.011) and parametrial or marginal involvement (P = 0.024). There was significant correlation between the expression of p53 and Ki‐67 (P = 0.021). In multivariate analysis, Ki‐67 expression (hazard ratio for ≥3rd vs 1st tertile [≥30% vs <20% expression] = 16.0, 95%CI 2.1–124.5; P = 0.0015) appeared to be an independent prognostic factor for RFS, while no prognostic significance of p53 expression was found.Conclusion:  Ki‐67 expression is an independent prognostic parameter for RFS in patients with early stage squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Ki‐67 expression at or above the cut‐off point of 30.0% had significantly poorer RFS.