bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observer-based fault-tolerant control against sensor failures for fuzzy systems with time delays
Authors: Tong Shaocheng , Yang Gengjiao , Zhang Wei 
Published: December 2011

Observer-based fault-tolerant control against sensor failures for fuzzy systems with time delaysThis paper addresses the problems of robust fault estimation and fault-tolerant control for Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy systems with time delays and unknown sensor faults. A fuzzy augmented state and fault observer is designed to achieve the system state and sensor fault estimates simultaneously. Furthermore, based on the information of on-line fault estimates, an observer-based dynamic output feedback fault-tolerant controller is developed to compensate for the effect of faults by stabilizing the resulting closed-loop system. Sufficient conditions for the existence of both a state observer and a fault-tolerant controller are given in terms of linear matrix inequalities. A simulation example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Adaptive control scheme based on the least squares support vector machine network
Authors: Mahmoud Tarek 
Published: December 2011

Adaptive control scheme based on the least squares support vector machine networkRecently, a new type of neural networks called Least Squares Support Vector Machines (LS-SVMs) has been receiving increasing attention in nonlinear system identification and control due to its generalization performance. This paper develops a stable adaptive control scheme using the LS-SVM network. The developed control scheme includes two parts: the identification part that uses a modified structure of LS-SVM neural networks called the multi-resolution wavelet least squares support vector machine network (MRWLS-SVM) as a predictor model, and the controller part that is developed to track a reference trajectory. By means of the Lyapunov stability criterion, stability analysis for the tracking errors is performed. Finally, simulation studies are performed to demonstrate the capability of the developed approach in controlling a pH process.
Knowledge discovery in data using formal concept analysis and random projections
Authors: Kumar Cherukuri 
Published: December 2011

Knowledge discovery in data using formal concept analysis and random projections
In this paper our objective is to propose a random projections based formal concept analysis for knowledge discovery in data. We demonstrate the implementation of the proposed method on two real world healthcare datasets. Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) is a mathematical framework that offers a conceptual knowledge representation through hierarchical conceptual structures called concept lattices. However, during the design of a concept lattice, complexity plays a major role.
On Measurement Uncertainty of ADC Nonlinearities in Oscillation-Based Test
Authors: Mrak Peter , Biasizzo Anton , Novak Franc 
Published: December 2011

On Measurement Uncertainty of ADC Nonlinearities in Oscillation-Based TestOscillation-based test (OBT) is one of the approaches for measuring static ADC parameters such as differential nonlinearity (DNL) and integral nonlinearity (INL) that can be implemented in a built-in self-test arrangement. When applying the OBT approach in practice we noticed an inherent measurement uncertainty related to the slope of the ADC input signal in OBT test mode. Experimental environment in Matlab has been set up to study the phenomenon. Experiments with varying values of slope were performed to demonstrate the margins of DNL measurement uncertainty.
What is – really – in a dataset?
Authors: Heltberg Therese 
Published: December 2011

Aim The article considers methodological problems of working with register data and shows how deficiencies in a quantitative dataset may constitute a tool for discovery if data shortcomings are used as input in a qualitative investigation of data genealogy. Data Based on a specific research case example the article demonstrates how qualitative moments are intrinsically embedded both in quantitative datasets and in the statistical processing. Conclusions It is argued that statistical analyses of datasets cannot be made without considerations of institutional organisation and perceptions of persons implied in the production of data. Lastly it is suggested that prison-based drug misuse treatment research currently needs to face the paradoxical challenge of excessive statistical programmatic power, which has encouraged formulations of ‘causalist’ research questions. It is further suggested that a reorientation towards theoretical explanation as an addition to the statistical demonstration of factor associations is important if quantitative studies are to further open the black box of treatment.
Selection In Segregating Population Of Tomato (<i>Solanum Lycopersicum</i>) For Growth, Yield And Virus Resistance
Authors: Islam MS , Ahmad S , Hoque MA 
Published: December 2011

Nineteen segregating lines of tomato were evaluated at the Horticulture Research Centre of BARI during winter season of 2008-2009 with a view to developing high yielding virus resistant varieties. Wide variation was observed among the lines in respect of number of fruits per plant (13.5-38.3), individual fruit weight (56.8-162.3g), fruit yield per plant (1.28-2.40 kg), and locule number of fruit (2.0-8.5). The highest number of fruits per plant was observed in the line 14-1-1-1-1, but its corresponding individual fruit weight was only 58.4g. The line 15-3-4-2-1 had the highest individual fruit weight (162.3g). The highest fruit yield was recorded from the line 15-3-4-2-1 (81.6 t/ha), which was closely followed by the line 15-1-2-2-1 (79.5 t/ha). Thirteen genotypes were found free from virus infection up to 60 days after transplanting, while the rest had very low (1.4 - 2.8%) virus incidence. Among the entries, considering yield and virus reaction, the lines, 8-1-3-4-1, 8-1-3-1-1, 8-1-3-2-2, 14-1-1-1-1, 15-3-4-2-1, 15- 1-2-2-1 and 15-1- 2-1-2 were selected for further evaluation and recommendation as varieties. Keywords: Segregating population; tomato. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i3.9278 BJAR 2011; 36(3): 507-512
Five anthocyanin polymorphisms are associated with an R2R3‐MYB cluster in Mimulus guttatus (Phrymaceae)
Authors: Lowry David B. , Sheng Calvin C. , Lasky Jesse R. , Willis John H. 
Published: December 2011

• Premise of study: Botanists have long been interested in the reasons for genetic variation among individuals, populations, and species of plants. The anthocyanin pathway is ideal for studying the evolution of such phenotypic variation.• Methods: We used a combination of quantitative trait loci mapping and association studies to understand the genetic basis of variation in five anthocyanin phenotypes including calyx, corolla, and leaf coloration patterns that vary within and among populations of Mimulus guttatus. We then examined what genes might be responsible for this phenotypic variation and whether one of the traits, calyx spotting, is randomly distributed across the geographic range of the species.• Key results: All five phenotypes in M. guttatus were primarily controlled by the same major locus (PLA1), which contains a tandem array of three R2R3‐MYB genes known to be involved in the evolution of flower color in a related species of Mimulus. Calyx spotting was nonrandomly distributed across the range of M. guttatus and correlated with multiple climate variables.• Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that variation in R2R3‐MYB genes is the primary cause of potentially important anthocyanin phenotypic variation within and among populations of M. guttatus, a finding consistent with recent theoretical and empirical research on flower color evolution.
Un « élargissement » de la famille ? Parcours de pères divorcés et redéfinitions de la paternité à Barcelone
Authors: Roigé Xavier 
Published: December 2011

Résumé À partir d’entretiens réalisés à Barcelone auprès de pères divorcés, le texte analyse les changements du divorce après la nouvelle loi de 2005 en Espagne et les processus de construction d’une paternité sans résidence commune avec la mère. La redéfinition de la figure paternelle y est influencée par la concurrence des beaux-pères et par le rôle des grands-parents : elle est ainsi la conséquence des changements idéologiques et législatifs mais aussi des stratégies d’adaptation aux nouvelles circonstances vécues après le divorce, incluant l’influence de cette « famille élargie » et les conséquences socio-économiques du divorce.
A giant benign clear cell hidradenoma on the anterior trunk
Authors: Tukenmez Demirci Gulsen , Atis Guldehan , Altunay Ilknur , Sakiz Damlanur 
Published: December 2011

Clear cell hidroadenoma (CCA) is a uncommon variant of bening cutaneous adnexial tumors. These tumors are clinically asymptomatic, solitary dermal nodules. they occur most frequently on the scalp, face, abdomen and the extremities. Growth is slow and malignant change is rare. 45- year-old woman presented us with a nodule with a central ulceration and a minimal hemoragic discharge on her anterior abdomen wall which had begun 4 years ago as a small nodular asymptomatic lesion. On dermatological examination there was a 6.5x4x5 cm non-tender, soft reddish purple nodule with lobular appearence and ulceration. In the laboratory investigations, all the hematologic and biochemical tests were normal. A CT scan demonstrated a cyctic tumor with lobulated countour with contrast enhancement. The lesion excised totally. In histopathological examination the tumor was composed of biphasic smaller dark polygonal cells and larger clera cells and coarse nuclear chromatine. There were duct like structures. Immunohistochemical investigation was done for the suspicion of malignancy. Cytoplasm of clear cells and duct like structures showed PAS positive and d-Pas resistant staining. There was a positive reactivity to epithelial membrane antigen and carcinoembrionic antigen. The mitotic index in Ki 67 examination was low. All these findings confirmed the diagnosis of bening CCA.
Implementation and Evaluation of a Community-Sponsored Smoking Cessation Contest
Authors: Elder John P. , Campbell Nadia R. , Mielchen Sandra D. , Hovell Melbourne F. , Litrownik Alan J. 
Published: December 2011

Background. This article provides a description and evaluation of a community-sponsored smoking cessation contest. Adapted from previous efforts, “Quit to Win” relied solely on community resources and was promoted to the two million residents of San Diego County, California. Methods. A large recruitment campaign included print and electronic media. Eight hundred and two smokers participated in the contest. Contest entry forms served as the pretreatment measure, quit cards measured smoking status, and follow-up telephone interviews collected additional data on three groups: joiners, nonjoiners, and comparison subjects. Results. Thirty-five percent of the participants reported being smoke-free two months after the program. Television was by far the most effective promotional medium, while individuals who received a promotional flyer were somewhat more likely to actually join the contest than those who heard of it through other sources. Self-confidence, outcome expectations, and lighter smoking habit were predictive of contest participation. Of joiners, those with a greater fear of suffering from withdrawal were less likely to quit. Discussion. The approximate cost per quitter was $17.25 based on the direct budget expenses for the contest. However, this does not include the significant cost of the many donated services. Large smoking cessation contests can be cost-effective while providing direct and indirect benefits to anti-tobacco efforts.
Introduction of cry1Ab gene into cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) enhances resistance against Lepidopteran pest (Helicoverpa armigera)
Authors: Khan G. A. , Bakhsh A. , Riazuddin S. , Husnain T. 
Published: December 2011

The significant breakthrough in plant biotechnology is the development of techniques to transform genes from unrelated sources into commercially important crop plants to develop resistance against insect pests. A local cotton cultivar MNH-93 was transformed through Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain C58C1 assisted by bombardment with tungsten particles. The Agrobacterium strain contained the recombinant binary vector pKMAB harboring cry1Ab under 35S promoter. Neomycin phosphotransferase (nptII) gene was used as a selectable marker at a concentration of 50 mg L–1. The transformation efficiency remained 0.26%. The primary transformants were analyzed for transgene integration and expression through PCR and Southern Blotting and Western dot blot. The gene copy number was determined by Southern analysis in order to find out the cry1Ab integration sites. The Bt protein being produced in the transgenic plants was quantified using ImageQuant software, which ranged from 0.00 to 1.35% of the total protein. The positive plant seeds obtained from T0 progeny were further raised under greenhouse and field conditions to evaluate their field performance. Leaf biotoxicity assays were performed to determine the efficacy of introduced gene. The results showed that transgenic lines in T1 progeny have appreciable level of resistance (40-60%) against lepidopteran pests in both green house and field conditions.
Origin of a Tetragonal BiFeO3 Phase with a Giant c/a Ratio on SrTiO3 Substrates
Authors: Liu Huajun , Yang Ping , Yao Kui , Ong Khuong Phuong , Wu Ping , Wang John 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA tetragonal BiFeO3 phase with giant c/a of approximately 1.25 has been of great interest recently as it potentially possesses a giant polarization and much enhanced electromechanical response. This super‐tetragonal phase is known to be a stable phase only under high compressive strains of above approximately 4.5%, according to first principle calculations. However, in previous work, this super‐tetragonal BiFeO3 phase was obtained in films deposited at high growth rate on SrTiO3 substrates with compressive strain of only around 1.5%. By detailed structure analysis using high resolution synchrotron X‐ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, the parasitic β‐Bi2O3 phase is identified as the origin inducing the formation of super‐tetragonal BiFeO3 phase on SrTiO3 substrates. In addition, ab initio calculations also confirm that this super‐tetragonal phase is more stable than monoclinic phase when Bi2O3 is present. Using Bi2O3 as a buffer layer, an alternative route, not involving strain engineering, is proposed to stabilize this promising super‐tetragonal BiFeO3 phase at low growth rates.
Rapid and Facile Microwave‐Assisted Surface Chemistry for Functionalized Microarray Slides
Authors: Lee Jeong Heon , Hyun Hoon , Cross Conor J. , Henary Maged , Nasr Khaled A. , Oketokoun Rafiou , Choi Hak Soo , Frangioni John V. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThis report describes a rapid and facile method for surface functionalization and ligand patterning of glass slides based on microwave‐assisted synthesis and a microarraying robot. The optimized reaction enables surface modification 42‐times faster than conventional techniques and includes a carboxylated self‐assembled monolayer, polyethylene glycol linkers of varying length, and stable amide bonds to small molecule, peptide, or protein ligands to be screened for binding to living cells. Customized slide racks that permit functionalization of 100 slides at a time to produce a cost‐efficient, highly reproducible batch process. Ligand spots can be positioned on the glass slides precisely using a microarraying robot, and spot size adjusted for any desired application. Using this system, live cell binding to a variety of ligands is demonstrate and PEG linker length is optimized. Taken together, the technology we describe should enable high‐throughput screening of disease‐specific ligands that bind to living cells.
Oxygen Ion Drift‐Induced Complementary Resistive Switching in Homo TiOx/TiOy/TiOx and Hetero TiOx/TiON/TiOx Triple Multilayer Frameworks
Authors: Bae Yoon Cheol , Lee Ah Rahm , Lee Ja Bin , Koo Ja Hyun , Kwon Kyung Cheol , Park Jea Gun , Im Hyun Sik , Hong Jin Pyo 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDeveloping a means by which to compete with commonly used Si‐based memory devices represents an important challenge for the realization of future three‐dimensionally stacked crossbar‐array memory devices with multifunctionality. Therefore, oxide‐based resistance switching memory (ReRAM), with its associated phenomena of oxygen ion drifts under a bias, is becoming increasingly important for use in nanoscalable crossbar arrays with an ideal memory cell size due to its simple metal–insulator–metal structure and low switching current of 10–100 μA. However, in a crossbar array geometry, one single memory element defined by the cross‐point of word and bit lines is highly susceptible to unintended leakage current due to parasitic paths around neighboring cells when no selective devices such as diodes or transistors are used. Therefore, the effective complementary resistive switching (CRS) features in all Ti‐oxide‐based triple layered homo Pt/TiOx/TiOy/TiOx/Pt and hetero Pt/TiOx/TiON/TiOx/Pt geometries as alternative resistive switching matrices are reported. The possible resistive switching nature of the novel triple matrices is also discussed together with their electrical and structural properties. The ability to eliminate both an external resistor for efficient CRS operation and a metallic Pt middle electrode for further cost‐effective scalability will accelerate progress toward the realization of cross‐bar ReRAM in this framework.
The prevalence of chromosome 22q11.2 deletions in 2,478 children with cardiovascular malformations. A population‐based study
Authors: Agergaard Peter , Olesen Charlotte , Østergaard John Rosendahl , Christiansen Michael , Sørensen Karina Meden 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDeletion of chromosome 22q11.2 is considered one of the most frequent genetic causes of cardiovascular malformations. It is frequently associated with conotruncal malformations, but may also be present among patients with nonconotruncal malformations. The aim of the present study was to establish the prevalence of the 22q11.2 deletion in an unselected population‐based cohort of children with various cardiovascular malformations. The study population was defined as children born in 2000–2008 who were registered in the Danish National Patient Registry with a diagnosis of cardiovascular malformation from one of the two national departments of pediatric cardiology. Sensitive multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification was performed on dried blood spot samples from each individual's neonatal screening test. Of 2,952 children with cardiovascular malformations, 2,478 were eligible for genetic testing. A total of 46 individuals (1.9% [1.4–2.5%]) carried the deletion, with the highest prevalence among individuals registered with interrupted aortic arch (22% [11–40]). The most frequent diagnoses among individuals carrying the deletion were tetralogy of Fallot (n = 15) and ventricular septal defect (n = 15). One in four cases had not been diagnosed in the usual clinical setting. The prevalence of 22q11.2 deletions in an unselected population‐based cohort of children with cardiac malformations was 1.9% [1.4–2.5%]. Genetic testing of every individual registered with a conotruncal malformation would have achieved a diagnostic sensitivity of 70% in the present cohort. Prospective studies outlining testing recommendations in children with ventricular septal defect are warranted. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Genotype–phenotype relationships as prognosticators in Rett syndrome should be handled with care in clinical practice
Authors: Halbach Nicky S.J. , Smeets Eric E.J. , van den Braak Noortje , van Roozendaal Kees E.P. , Blok Rien M.J. , Schrander‐Stumpel Constance T.R.M. , Frijns Jean‐Pierre , Maaskant Marian A. , Curfs Leopold M.G. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractRett syndrome (RTT; OMIM 312750) is an X‐linked dominant neurodevelopmental disorder leading to cognitive and motor impairment, epilepsy, and autonomic dysfunction in females. Since the discovery that RTT is caused by mutations in MECP2, large retrospective genotype–phenotype correlation studies have been performed. A number of general genotype–phenotype relationships were confirmed and specific disorder profiles were described. Nevertheless, conflicting results are still under discussion, partly due to the variability in classification of mutations, assessment tools, and structure of the data sets. The aim of this study was to investigate relationships between genotype and specific clinical data collected by the same experienced physician in a well‐documented RTT cohort, and evaluate its prognostic value in counseling young parents with a newly diagnosed RTT girl regarding her future outcome. The Maastricht–Leuven Rett Syndrome Database is a register of 137 molecularly confirmed clinical RTT cases, containing both molecular and clinical data on examination and follow up by the same experienced physician. Although the general genotype–phenotype relationships were confirmed, the clinical severity was still found to be very variable. We therefore recommend caution in using genotype–phenotype data in the prognosis of outcome for children in Rett syndrome. Early diagnosis, early intervention, and preventive management are imperative for better outcomes and better quality of daily life for RTT females and their families. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Estimating the distribution of probable age‐at‐death from dental remains of immature human fossils
Authors: Shackelford Laura L. , Stinespring Harris Ashley E. , Konigsberg Lyle W. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIn two historic longitudinal growth studies, Moorrees et al. (Am J Phys Anthropol 21 (1963) 99‐108; J Dent Res 42 (1963) 1490‐1502) presented the “mean attainment age” for stages of tooth development for 10 permanent tooth types and three deciduous tooth types. These findings were presented graphically to assess the rate of tooth formation in living children and to age immature skeletal remains. Despite being widely cited, these graphical data are difficult to implement because there are no accompanying numerical values for the parameters underlying the growth data. This analysis generates numerical parameters from the data reported by Moorrees et al. by digitizing 358 points from these tooth formation graphs using DataThief III, version 1.5. Following the original methods, the digitized points for each age transition were conception‐corrected and converted to the logarithmic scale to determine a median attainment age for each dental formation stage. These values are subsequently used to estimate age‐at‐death distributions for immature individuals using a single tooth or multiple teeth, including estimates for 41 immature early modern humans and 25 immature Neandertals. Within‐tooth variance is calculated for each age estimate based on a single tooth, and a between‐tooth component of variance is calculated for age estimates based on two or more teeth to account for the increase in precision that comes from using additional teeth. Finally, we calculate the relative probability of observing a particular dental formation sequence given known‐age reference information and demonstrate its value in estimating age for immature fossil specimens. Am J Phys Anthropol 147:227–253, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.