bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative study of treated and non-treated (auto-recovered) clinical endometritis effects on dairy cows’ fertility parameters
Authors: Smadi Mustapha Adnane , Mamache Bakir , Ouennes Houria , Feriel Feriel , Meziane Rahla , Elokki Mohammed El Hadef , Boughris Farid , Benhadid Mostefa , Bensouici Chawki , Messaoudi Mohammed 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In this study, we evaluated the effect of treated and auto-recovered clinical endometritis on fertility as a uterine disease class. We collected data on breeding, diseases, and cyclicity. Regarding the co-affections, cows with auto-recovered clinical endometritis were affected in groups 1 and 2. Cows with treated clinical endometritis represented groups 3 and 4, and cows without clinical endometritis represented Groups 5 and 6. Once the cyclicity recovered, cows were inseminated. Studied fertility parameters were; 1: conception rate; 2: days to first insemination; 3: success rate in the first insemination; 4: days to conception; and 5: days between first insemination and pregnancy. We performed ANOVA-analysis, Chi-square test, and Machine Learning K-means. A significant difference was noted for days to first insemination (p-value = 0.05), reinforced by a Fisher-LSD post-hoc analysis test that demonstrated significant differences between groups (3 and 5), p-value = 0,006, groups (3 and 1), p-value = 0,019, and groups (3 and 6), p-value = 0,005. However, the conception rate was significantly higher in the groups with non-treated clinical endometritis (p-value = 0.030). Concerning the other parameters, we did not notice significant differences among groups. Our results showed that auto-recovered cows from clinical endometritis had better fertility outcomes.
Triglyceride-glucose index is associated with the risk of impaired fasting glucose: A 5-year retrospective cohort study in Chinese elderly people
Authors: Liu Jie , Yi Feng , Duan Kai , Liu Haibo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The relationship between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in elderly individuals remains uncertain. Our study aimed to explore the association between the TyG index and the risk of future IFG in this population. This retrospective cohort study included 17,746 elderly individuals over 60. In this population, Cox regression models proportional to hazards, along with smooth curve fitting and cubic spline functions, were employed to examine the association between the baseline TyG index and the risk of IFG. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity were also performed to ensure the robustness of the study findings. After adjusting for covariates, a positive relationship between the TyG index and the risk of IFG was found (HR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.27–1.60, p < 0.0001). The likelihood of IFG rose steadily as the TyG index quartiles (from Q1 to Q4) increased, with Q4 demonstrating a 62% elevated risk compared to Q1 (adjusted HR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.37–1.90). Additionally, we found the association between TyG index and risk of IFG was a linear. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses confirmed the stability of the results. Our study observed a linear association between the TyG index and the development of IFG in elderly Chinese individuals. Recognizing this relationship can help clinicians identify high-risk individuals and implement targeted interventions to reduce their risk of progressing to diabetes.
EPRS1-mediated fibroblast activation and mitochondrial dysfunction promote kidney fibrosis
Authors: Lee Eun Young , Son Seung Seob , Jeong Hee Seul , Lee Seong Woo , Lee Eun Soo , Lee Ji-Hye , awooni  , Park Mi Ju , Choi Min Sun , Lee Donghyeong , Choi Sin Young , Kang Jeong Suk , Cho Nam-Jun , Park Samel , Gil Hyo-Wook , Chung Choon Hee , Park Joon Seok , Kim Myung Hee , Park Jihwan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Kidney fibrosis is characterized by an aberrant extracellular matrix accumulation. Glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (EPRS1) is a crucial enzyme involved in the synthesis of proline-rich proteins. However, its role in kidney fibrosis remains unclear. The present study found that EPRS1 expression levels were increased in the fibrotic kidneys of patients and mice. We also found that fibroblasts and proximal tubular epithelial cells were major sources of EPRS1 based on single-cell analysis and immunostaining of fibrotic kidneys. C57BL/6 EPRS1tm1b heterozygous knockout (Eprs1+/−) attenuated kidney fibrosis and dysfunction by preventing fibroblast activation and proximal tubular injury. In vitro assays demonstrated that EPRS1-induced Smad3 phosphorylation promotes fibroblast activation, proliferation, and resultant collagen production under transforming growth factor-β treated conditions. We also found that EPRS1 could lead to STAT3 phosphorylation to induce mitochondrial dysfunction in injured proximal tubules. Moreover, first-in-class EPRS1 inhibitor DWN12088 effectively protected against kidney fibrosis and dysfunction. Our findings suggest that EPRS1-mediated extracellular matrix induces kidney fibrosis via fibroblast activation and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Possibility of Optimum Monitoring and Evaluation (M&amp;E) Production Frontier for Risk-Informed Health Governance in Disaster-prone Districts of West Bengal, India
Authors: Mukherjee Moumita , Batta Anuj 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Efficient Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) system in public healthcare is a crucial point of concern for Low-and Middle-Income Countries in achieving universal health coverage. The significance of the concern is higher when service delivery is facing obstacle to serve while experiencing higher demand for service due to exposure of the population to disaster risks and uncertainties. Research on sustainable M&E solutions to ensure uninterrupted access during and after disaster is important to reduce disparities in health outcome achievements. Given this context, the current research explores the determinants of M&E effectiveness in a flood-prone rural healthcare setting in Malda, South 24 Parganas and Purulia districts in West Bengal, India. It aims to estimate the efficiency to reach a higher level of M&E production frontier so that healthcare services can be ensured during a disaster. The study used deductive approach and therefore, quantitative data are collected using structured questionnaire from different layers of the health and disaster governance in the districts. The stochastic frontier model is used to estimate the combined efficiency and determine the best possible input combinations to increase the efficiency-led effectiveness. The stochastic frontier model shows M&E model in horizontal and vertical convergence mode has a significant positive influence on efficiency. M&E skill building, and adaptation significantly increase operational efficiency, enhance process quality thereby influence the level of M&E effectiveness under departmental convergence. The efficiency increases manifold with the adoption of learnt innovation sustaining integrated M&E with the disaster management department. Moreover, the integration strategy becomes less effective if M&E process quality is compromised by ignoring the capacity building on innovative techniques. Finally, outsourcing the evaluation component of M&E as a part of the implementation process will enhance the efficiency level further. The study has shown how to reach a higher level of M&E frontier given the contextual adversities. Though the study has a few limitations, it shows the potential to increase technical and allocative efficiency through building skills in innovative techniques and applying them in the process implementation. However, further research is required on strategy improvement followed by real-world evidence-based policy advocacy to increase the impact of M&E on access to healthcare services.
Protein-sparing effects of lipids in the diet of golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus): evaluation of growth, feed utilization, and lipid metabolism
Authors: Li Xinyi , Gao Liuling , Chen Fang , Guan Junfeng , Wang Shuqi , Xie Dizhi , Pan Qing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

To investigate the influences of dietary protein and lipid levels on the growth, feed utilization, body composition, and lipid metabolism of golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus), nine test diets containing three protein levels (35%, 40% and 45%) and three lipid levels (8%, 13% and 18%) were designed in the present study. Each diet (named D1-D9) was randomly assigned to feed triplicate groups of golden pompano juvenile (initial weight ~ 70 g) for 50 days. The results showed that the dietary lipid levels positively correlated with weight gain, specific growth rate, and protein efficiency ratio (PER), suggesting that the high lipid diets (18%) can be efficiently utilized in this fish species. The dietary protein levels have no significant influences on the growth and feed utilization except for the PER. Increasing dietary protein levels resulted in a decrease in HSI, VSI, and ISI, while the dietary lipid level did not have a significant impact on morphological indices except for ISI. The dietary protein and lipid levels had no significant influences on the contents of crude lipid, crude ash, and moisture of whole body, while the crude protein contents was significantly affected by the dietary protein levels. Serum biochemical indexes, including cholesterol (CHO), TG, HDL, and LDL, as well as HDL/CHO ratio were significantly affected by the dietary lipid levels, but not by the dietary protein levels. The expression levels of genes and their associated proteins involved in hepatic lipogenesis (Srebp-1c and Fas) as well as lipolysis (Pparα and Cpt-1) were up-regulated with increasing dietary lipid levels. With dietary protein levels increasing, the expression levels of genes and their associated proteins involved in hepatic lipolysis (Pparα and Cpt-1) and lipogenesis (Srebp-1c and Fas) were up-regulated and down-regulated. Considering the present results in terms of growth performance, feed utilization, morphometric parameters, and lipid metabolism, the recommended dietary protein and lipid levels for golden pompano are 40% and 18%, respectively. The findings suggested that this species exhibits a significant protein-sparing effect on lipid utilization.
Single-cell transcriptome profiling of m6A regulator-mediated methylation modification patterns in elderly AML patients
Authors: Wang Zhe , Du Xin , Zhang Peidong , Zhao Meiling , Zhang Tianbo , Liu Jiang , Wang Xiaolan , Chang Doudou , Liu Xiaxia , Bian Sicheng , Zhang Xialin , Zhang Ruijuan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Millions of people worldwide die of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) each year. Although N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification has been reported to regulate the pathogenicity of AML, the mechanism by which it induces the dysfunctional differentiation of haemocytes in elderly AML patients remains unclear. In this study, we illustrated the underlying mechanisms of the m6A landscape and specific mechanisms of m6A regulators in haemocytes of elderly patients with AML. Notably, FTO was upregulated in haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), Myeloids and TCells and inhibited the differentiation of these cells through the WNT pathway. Additionally, upregulation of YTHDF2 expression in Erythrocytes induced the negative regulation of differentiation through oxidative phosphorylation, leading to leukocyte activation. Moreover, IGF2BP2 was markedly upregulated in Myeloids, contributing to a dysfunctional chromosomal region and dysregulated oxidative phosphorylation. m6A regulators induced aberrant cell-cell communication in haemocytes and mediated ligand-receptor interactions across diverse cell types by activating the HMGB1-mediated pathway, which promotes AML progression. Furthermore, a THP-1 cell model was used to verify the m6A regulator profile; in vitro infection of THP-1 cells with the short hairpin RNA (sh)-FTO blocked cell proliferation and migration while inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Overall, these results indicated that the upregulation of m6A regulators in HSCs, Erythrocytes, Myeloids, and TCells may induce malignant differentiation in patients with AML. Our research offers new perspectives on the pathogenesis and therapeutic targets of elderly AML.
Global hotspots of butterfly diversity in a warming world
Authors: Pinkert Stefan , Farwig Nina , Kawahara Akito , Jetz Walter 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Insects and their many ecosystem functions are in decline and threatened by climate change1,2, yet lack of globally comprehensive information limits the understanding and management of this crisis3. Here we use butterflies as a global model insect system4–7 and uncover a strong coincidence of their diversity and threat. Integrating comprehensive phylogenetic and geographic range data for 12,119 species, we find that global centers of butterfly richness, rarity, and phylogenetic diversity are unusually concentrated in tropical and sub-tropical mountain systems. Mountains8 hold 3.5 times more butterfly hotspots (top 5%) than lowlands and two thirds of the species are primarily mountain-dwelling. Only a small portion (14%-54%) of these diversity centers overlap with those of ants, terrestrial vertebrates and vascular plants, and this spatial coincidence rapidly decreases above 2,000 m elevation where butterflies are uniquely concentrated. The geographically restricted temperature conditions of these mountain locations now put butterflies at extreme risk from global warming. We project that 64% of butterflies’ temperature niche space in tropical realms will erode by 2070. Our study identifies critical conservation needs for butterflies and illustrates how the consideration of global insect systems is key for assessing and managing biodiversity loss in a rapidly warming world.
The Role of Mindfulness Meditation for the Management of Hypertension in African American Adults in the US - A Scoping Review
Authors: Woldeamanuel Ermiyas , Johnson Lamar , Patterson Freda 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:The prevalence of hypertension is greater among African American adults than among individuals in other ethnic groups. Mindfulness, an ancient technique that has been used for thousands of years, is acknowledged as a valuable tool for improving health in various ways. However, despite its traditional wisdom, there remains a gap in understanding the standalone effects of MM on hypertension control.
Methods:This review aimed to discuss the role of mindfulness in managing hypertension within the African American adult population in the U.S. PubMed and Scopus were the chosen databases for this exploration. The inclusion criteria comprised papers presenting primary data studies conducted on hypertensive African American patients, specifically reporting on the independent association between mindfulness and hypertension. The exclusion criteria included nonprimary data studies and studies not primarily focused on hypertension or mindfulness.
Results:Following our search strategy, we identified a total of 32 studies. Our review incorporated five randomized controlled trials by excluding manuscripts lacking primary data, nonrandomized clinical trials, and duplicates. Within these studies, mindfulness was administered to participants through either prerecorded MP3s or guidance from trained personnel. The observed reduction in blood pressure ranged from 7.2 mmHg to 21.92 mmHg for systolic blood pressure and from null to 7.2 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure across the five studies. Notably, one study showed no change in diastolic blood pressure.
Discussion:The outcomes of this review can contribute to clinical practice by offering an evidence-based approach for effective hypertension control through MM. The key findings highlight the positive impact of mindfulness on blood pressure regulation and emphasize the use of prerecorded MP3s or trained guidance as effective mindfulness delivery methods. These insights underscore the potential significance of MM as a cost-efficient and side effect-free approach to hypertension management.
LncRNA TMPO-AS1 Facilitates Cervical Cancer Cell Tumorigenesis and Ferroptosis Resistance via Interaction with LCN2
Authors: Ju Ying , Liu Xu , Na Jintong , He Jian , Wu Liangliang , Peng Chunxiu , Wei Ke , Zhan Chenjie , Liu Xiyu , Liao Yuan , Zhang Zhiyong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Ferroptosis, characterized by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation, has demonstrated anti-tumor properties in multiple malignancies. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in the tumorigenesis and progression of cervical squamous cell cancer (CESC); however, the mechanisms underlying the actions of many lncRNAs in ferroptosis remain elusive. Here, the expression level of LICN-TMPO-AS1 in CESC was detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Loss- and gain-of-function experiments with TMPO-AS1 were performed using the CCK-8 assay, transwell assays, clone formation, and xenograft models. The relationship between TMPO-AS1, Lipocalin 2 (LCN2), and SFPQ were screened and validated by RNA pull-down/mass spectrometry, co-immunoprecipitation, and western blotting. We found that TMPO-AS1 expression was frequently upregulated in CESC tissues and cells and was strongly associated with a poor prognosis. TMPO-AS1 decreased the lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS), intracellular Fe2+, and malondialdehyde content, resulting in the inhibition of sulfasalazine- and erastin-induced ferroptosis. Overexpression of TMPO-AS1 weakened the anti-tumor sensitivity of sulfasalazine by inhibiting ferroptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, TMPO-AS1 bound LCN2 and activated LCN2 expression. Targeting LCN2 reduced iron accumulation and ROS generation in Siha cells. Furthermore, LCN2 regulated the expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11 by binding to the splicing factor proline and glutamine-rich. Our study illustrates that TMPO-AS1 plays a crucial role as a tumorigenic regulator and may be a promising therapeutic target for CESC patients with high TMPO-AS1 expression.
Mycobacteria lentiflavum presenting as nasopharyngeal masses and nodular erythema: a case report
Authors: Liang Jiarong , Su Jiaguang , Cao Cunwei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Mycobacterium lentiflavum, a slow-growing, primarily affects the lungs and cervical lymph nodes, with no reported involvement in the nasopharynx; this case report represents the first reported instance of mycobacteria lentiflavum involving the nasopharynx, accompanied by nodular erythema and other reactive rashes, which are clinically rare and prone to misdiagnosis.
Case Presentation: A 35-year-old female presented with a history of "recurrent rhinorrhea and sensation of nasal foreign body, along with nodules on the extremities for more than 2 years". On examination, multiple tender nodules were observed on the lower limbs and dorsum of both hands without ulceration. The patient was positive for anti-γ-interferon antibody upon admission. A nasopharyngeal CT (computed tomography, CT) scan with contrast agent revealed the following: 1. Lesion in the right nasal cavity-right maxillary sinus-right ethmoid sinus, nature pending further investigation; 2. Inflammation in the right maxillary sinus and right frontal sinus. Biopsy of nodules on the lower limbs revealed nodular erythema. Pathological examination of the nasopharyngeal mass revealed granulomatous inflammation. Special staining included acid-fast staining (−), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining (−), and next-generation sequencing (NGS) of nasopharyngeal mass tissue, which suggested Mycobacteria lentiflavum (sequence number 151). The final diagnosis was Mycobacteria lentiflavum infection in the nasopharynx. The nodular erythema was considered a reactive rash following Mycobacteria lentiflavum infection. After 3 months of treatment with clarithromycin, rifampicin, and moxifloxacin, symptoms in the nose and nodules on the extremities regressed, with no recurrence during follow-up.
Conclusion: Mycobacterium lentiflavum infection is rare in clinical practice, and its clinical manifestations are nonspecific, especially when it involves the nasopharynx, making it even more uncommon, thus clinicians are prone to misdiagnosis.
Experimental Investigation of Thermohydraulic Performance of Three-Fluid Tubular Heat Exchanger with Al2O3-water Nanofluid
Authors: UNTISSO TARIKAYEHU AMANUEL , Mishra Manish 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The thermohydraulic performance of Al 2 O 3 -water nanofluid operating in a three-fluid tubular heat exchanger under turbulent flow conditions is studied experimentally. Water-based Al 2 O 3 nanofluids were prepared at three volume fraction levels (1%, 2%, and 3%) by dispersing Al2O3 nanoparticles in pure deionized water. Nanoparticles with an average particle size of 50nm and volume concentration of 0% − 3% have been employed. Turbulent flow (Re: 2500-10,000) of nanofluids through the inner annulus of the three-fluid tubular heat exchanger has been considered. The hot fluid flows through the inner tube, the intermediate temperature fluid flows through the outer annulus, and the cold nanofluid flows through the inner annulus. Experiments were conducted for four possible flow arrangements of three-fluid parallel flow heat exchangers: parallel, parallel-counter, counter-parallel, and counter-flow. Two-thermal communication has been considered as the cold nanofluid simultaneously receives heat from the hot and intermediate-temperature fluids. Before applying nanofluids, initial experiments were conducted using pure water to validate the experimental facility. The uncertainty analysis has been carried out, and the maximum was found to be 2.65%, 10.54%, and 11.87%, respectively, for the Reynolds number, Nusselt number, and friction factor at Re = 10,000. For a particular flow arrangement, it has been found that Nu is augmented with the increase in nanofluid flow rate (Re) and nanoparticle volume concentration (ϕ). A maximum enhancement in the Nusselt number has been obtained for the pure water case (ϕ = 0%) in all the flow arrangements. An increase in Nu by 95.31%, 71.83%, 63.04%, and 62.92% has been found for parallel, parallel-counter, counter-parallel, and counter flow arrangements, respectively, with the increase in Re from 2500 to 10,000.
Theory, Analysis, and Testing of an Angular Resonator for Wave Energy Generation
Authors: Lee Jantzen , Keow Alicia , Coe Ryan G. , Bacelli Giorgio , Spinneken Johannes , Spencer Steven J. , Gallegos-Patterson Damian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This article describes the theory, analysis, and initial bench-top testing of a minimally invasive, rotational resonator designed to produce small amounts of electrical energy for use in oceanic observation buoys.
This work details the systems of equations that govern such a resonator, its potential power production, and its predicted effects on the modified motion of the buoy.
Finally, a bench-top test apparatus is designed and experimented upon to identify the system and verify the system of equations empirically.