bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening, Triage, and Referral of Patients Who Report Suicidal Thought During a Primary Care Visit
Authors: Gardner William , Klima Jennifer , Chisolm Deena , Feehan Heather , Bridge Jeff , Campo John , Cunningham Nancy , Kelleher Kelly 
Published: April 2010

OBJECTIVE:Suicidal youths are rarely identified in primary care settings. We describe here a care process that includes a computerized screen, colocated social workers, and a coordinated suicide-prevention team at a specialty mental health unit.PATIENTS AND METHODS:Patients were 1547 youths aged 11 to 20 years seen in an urban primary care system during 2005 and 2006. We performed an observational study of services provided to youths who screened positive for suicidal ideation on a computerized behavioral health screen during visits to pediatric primary care clinics. Data included clinical records, provider notes, and patients' responses to the screen.RESULTS:A total of 209 (14%) youths reported suicidal thought in the previous month. Suicidal thought was more common among girls, younger youths, substance users, depressed youths, youths who carried weapons, and those who had been in fights; 87% reported at least 1 other serious behavioral health problem. Social workers were able to triage 205 (98%) youths. Triage occurred on the visit day for 193 youths (94%). Mental health evaluations were recommended for 152 (74%) of the triaged youths. Of the 109 subjects referred to a clinic with records accessible for review, 71 (65%) received a mental health service within 6 months.CONCLUSIONS:Pediatric primary care is a feasible setting in which to screen for suicidal youths and link them with mental health services. Youths who visit primary care clinics are willing to disclose suicidal ideation on a computerized screen. Youths who screen positive for suicide have many associated behavioral health needs. The use of information technology, colocated physician extenders, and a coordinated team on the mental health side can facilitate rapid, personal contact between the family and mental health service providers, and has the potential to overcome barriers to care for youths with suicidal ideation in the primary care setting.
Comparative Safety of Antidepressant Agents for Children and Adolescents Regarding Suicidal Acts
Authors: Schneeweiss Sebastian , Patrick Amanda R. , Solomon Daniel H. , Dormuth Colin R. , Miller Matt , Mehta Jyotsna , Lee Jennifer C. , Wang Philip S. 
Published: April 2010

OBJECTIVE:
The objective of this study was to assess the risk of suicide attempts and suicides after initiation of antidepressant medication use by children and adolescents, for individual agents.

METHODS:
We conducted a 9-year cohort study by using population-wide data from British Columbia. We identified new users of antidepressants who were 10 to 18 years of age with a recorded diagnosis of depression. Study outcomes were hospitalization attributable to intentional self-harm and suicide death.

RESULTS:
Of 20 906 children who initiated antidepressant therapy, 16774 (80%) had no previous antidepressant use. During the first year of use, we observed 266 attempted and 3 completed suicides, which yielded an event rate of 27.04 suicidal acts per 1000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 23.9–30.5 suicidal acts per 1000 person-years). There were no meaningful differences in the rate ratios (RRs) comparing fluoxetine with citalopram (RR: 0.97 [95% CI: 0.54–1.76]), fluvoxamine (RR: 1.05 [95% CI: 0.46–2.43]), paroxetine (RR: 0.80 [95% CI: 0.47–1.37]), and sertraline (RR: 1.02 [95% CI: 0.56–1.84]). Tricyclic agents showed risks similar to those of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (RR: 0.92 [95% CI: 0.43–2.00]).

CONCLUSION:
Our finding of equal event rates among antidepressant agents supports the decision of the Food and Drug Administration to include all antidepressants in the black box warning regarding potentially increased suicidality risk for children and adolescents beginning use of antidepressants.
Prospective Study of Adolescent Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Benign Breast Disease in Young Women
Authors: Berkey Catherine S. , Willett Walter C. , Frazier A. Lindsay , Rosner Bernard , Tamimi Rulla M. , Rockett Helaine R. H. , Colditz Graham A. 
Published: April 2010

OBJECTIVE:
To investigate prospectively, using alcoholic beverage consumption data collected in real time, the association between adolescent drinking and risk of biopsy-confirmed benign breast disease (BBD) in young women.

PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS:
The Growing Up Today Study is a prospective cohort study of US girls, aged 9 to 15 years at baseline, with annual questionnaires from 1996 through 2001, followed by questionnaires in 2003, 2005, and 2007. On the 2003 survey, the participants (then aged 16–23 years) provided information about their alcoholic beverage consumption in the previous year. On the 2005 and 2007 surveys, a total of 6899 women (aged 18–27 years) reported whether a health care provider had ever diagnosed them with BBD (n = 147 cases) and whether it was confirmed by biopsy (n = 67 cases); 6752 women reported never being diagnosed with BBD.

RESULTS:
Adjusted for age and BMI, quantity of alcohol consumed was associated with increased risk of biopsy-confirmed BBD (odds ratio: 1.50 per drink per day [95% confidence interval: 1.19–1.90]). Girls who typically drank 6 or 7 days/week were at higher risk (odds ratio: 5.50 [95% confidence interval: 1.23–24.53]) compared with those who never drank or who drank less than once per week.

CONCLUSIONS:
Higher amounts consumed, and more frequent consumption, of alcoholic beverages in adolescence may increase the occurrence of BBD in young women. Advising teenagers to avoid alcoholic beverages, along with smoking and sun exposure, may reduce cancer incidence in adulthood.
Mothers' Spanking of 3-Year-Old Children and Subsequent Risk of Children's Aggressive Behavior
Authors: Taylor Catherine A. , Manganello Jennifer A. , Lee Shawna J. , Rice Janet C. 
Published: April 2010

OBJECTIVE:
The goal was to examine the association between the use of corporal punishment (CP) against 3-year-old children and subsequent aggressive behavior among those children.

METHODS:
Respondents (N = 2461) participated in the Fragile Families and Child Well-being Study (1998–2005), a population-based, birth cohort study of children born in 20 large US cities. Maternal reports of CP, children's aggressive behaviors at 3 and 5 years of age, and a host of key demographic features and potential confounding factors, including maternal child physical maltreatment, psychological maltreatment, and neglect, intimate partner aggression victimization, stress, depression, substance use, and consideration of abortion, were assessed.

RESULTS:
Frequent use of CP (ie, mother's use of spanking more than twice in the previous month) when the child was 3 years of age was associated with increased risk for higher levels of child aggression when the child was 5 years of age (adjusted odds ratio: 1.49 [95% confidence interval: 1.2–1.8]; P &lt; .0001), even with controlling for the child's level of aggression at age 3 and the aforementioned potential confounding factors and key demographic features.

CONCLUSIONS:
Despite American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations to the contrary, most parents in the United States approve of and have used CP as a form of child discipline. The current findings suggest that even minor forms of CP, such as spanking, increase risk for increased child aggressive behavior. Importantly, these findings cannot be attributed to possible confounding effects of a host of other maternal parenting risk factors.
Daugavet centers and direct sums of Banach spaces
Authors: Bosenko Tetiana 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
A linear continuous nonzero operator G: X → Y is a Daugavet center if every rank-1 operator T: X → Y satisfies ||G + T|| = ||G|| + ||T||. We study the case when either X or Y is a sum X
1⊕F

X
2 of two Banach spaces X
1 and X
2 by some two-dimensional Banach space F. We completely describe the class of those F such that for some spaces X
1 and X
2 there exists a Daugavet center acting from X
1⊕F

X
2, and the class of those F such that for some pair of spaces X
1 and X
2 there is a Daugavet center acting into X
1⊕F

X
2. We also present several examples of such Daugavet centers.
Altitude of wheels and wheel-like graphs
Authors: Dzido Tomasz , Furmańczyk Hanna 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
An edge-ordering of a graph G=(V, E) is a one-to-one mapping f:E(G)→{1, 2, ..., |E(G)|}. A path of length k in G is called a (k, f)-ascent if f increases along the successive edges forming the path. The altitude α(G) of G is the greatest integer k such that for all edge-orderings f, G has a (k, f)-ascent.
In our paper we give exact values of α(G) for all helms and wheels. Furthermore, we use our result to obtain altitude for graphs that are subgraphs of helms.
Wound Breakdown After Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Whalen Joseph L. , Spelsberg Sarah C. , Murray Peter 
Published: April 2010

Background: Wound breakdown of the operative incision is commonly encountered as a complication following ankle replacement surgery. Healing problems can progress to full thickness necrosis of the skin and deeper tissues jeopardizing the ultimate retention of the implants leading to compromised patient outcomes. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 57 consecutive primary total ankle arthroplasties (TAA) were retrospectively reviewed after observing a higher than expected rate of wound-healing problems consistently involving the central third of the operative incision. Results: The rate of wound breakdown was 28% in this series. Analysis of various possible risk factors showed a statistically significant increase in rate of wound breakdown associated with smoking greater than 12 pack years, peripheral vascular disease, and cardiovascular disease. Conclusion: Preoperative identification of patient risk factors associated with breakdown of the operative incision after TAA should improve outcome of the procedure. Screening of those patients with risk factors for wound breakdown is recommended prior to total ankle arthroplasty. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Case Series
Enhanced Infection of Peanut, Arachis hypogaea L., Seeds With Aspergillus flavus Group Fungi Due to External Scarification of Peanut Pods by the Lesser Cornstalk Borer, Elasmopalpus lignosellus (Zeller)1
Authors: Lynch Robert E. , Wilson David M. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
The relationship between injury by the lesser cornstalk borer (LCB), Elasmopalpus lignosellus (Zeller), and invasion of peanut, Arachis hypogaea L., pods and seeds by species of the Aspergillus flavus group (A. flavus Link and A. parasiticus Speare) were studied under laboratory and field conditions. In the laboratory, LCB larvae were an excellent vector of an A. parasiticus color mutant (ATCC 24690) to all developmental stages of peanut pods. Fungal invasion and aflatoxin concentration in seeds were higher in immature pods (stage 2–3) than in more mature pods (stage 4–6). Contamination of seeds with ATCC 24690 was directly related to the extent of pod injury by larvae of the LCB. In field studies, over 50% of the LCB larvae collected from peanut were naturally contaminated with species of the A. flavus group. The planting date and harvest date of peanut had little influence on the incidence of fungal contamination of pods and seeds, or on aflatoxin content in seeds. However, increased pod injury by the LCB significantly increased the percentage of seeds infected with species of the A. flavus group. Seeds in pods with only external scarification from larval feeding had a significantly higher percentage of A. flavus group infection than seeds from uninjured pods. Therefore, infection and contamination of visibly uninjured seeds with aflatoxigenic fungi were enhanced by external injury to peanut pods by the LCB.
Possible Reproductive Factors Contributing to Outcrossing in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)1
Authors: Knauft D. A. , Chiyembekeza A. J. , Gorbet D. W. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Several peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) breeding lines in the Florida program were highly variable even after constitution from single plant selections after 21 generations of assumed self-pollination. To assess potential causes of this variability a 3-yr study was conducted to determine outcrossing using Krinkle as a genetic marker. There was a significant year by genotype interaction in this study. Two breeding lines with Virginia botanical types averaged almost 1.5% outcrossing, and in 1990 more than 3% of the progeny from these lines were the result of outcrossing. The breeding line Valencia 803 averaged nearly 8% outcrossing, and a second Valencia type, F623, averaged over 4%.
The differences in outcrossing among these four lines did not appear to be related to floral morphology, pollen viability, or stigma receptivity, although delayed anther dehiscence may have contributed to the higher outcrossing in Valencia 803.
Evaluation of the Magnesium Soil Test Interpretation for Peanuts1
Authors: Schmidt J. P. , Cox F. R. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Decreasing concentrations of extractable Mg in soils of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production regions of North Carolina have resulted in increased Mg fertilizer recommendations. There is little soil or plant criteria, however, on which to base Mg deficiency. The objective of this study was to determine the yield and Mg status of peanuts relative to the level of soil Mg. Five counties were surveyed for leaf and soil data in 1989–90. Similar data were available from nine counties in 1970–72. A field experiment was also conducted in 1989–90 in an on-going lime and Mg study. Although the 1990 survey data suggested that phosphogypsum usage during the last decade may be reducing Mg levels in the surface soil, leaf Mg was almost invariably above 2.0 g kg-1 for both surveys, reflecting adequate amounts of soil Mg according to current plant analysis standards. In the field study, prior lime and Mg treatments resulted in soil Mg ranging from 0.02 to 0.25 cmolc L-1, but there was no yield response that could be related directly to Mg. Leaf Mg was positively correlated to surface soil Mg, and inclusion of subsoil Mg slightly improved this relationship. The data from these studies indicated that sufficient leaf Mg (above 2.0 g kg-1) was attained when surface soil Mg was as low as 0.06 cmolc L-1 or as low as 3 percent of the CEC. We feel these estimates of the soil Mg critical level for peanut production are high, as there was not a Mg deficiency with leaf Mg as low as 1.5 g kg-1 in the field study.
Peanut Yield Decline in the Southeast and Economically Feasible Solutions
Authors: Lamb M. C. , Davidson J. I. , Butts C. L. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) yields in the Southeast declined 368 kg/ha during the 1980's and 596 kg/ha in the late 1980's when compared to the 1974-1979 period. The peanut yield decline was correlated with significant meteorological and policy changes in the Southeast during each time period. Meteorological changes were statistically estimated to decrease peanut yield by 137 kg/ha and 194 kg/ha in the 1980's and late 1980's, respectively. The effect on peanut yields from changes in agricultural policy and management decisions was estimated at -166 kg/ha and -225 kg/ha during the respective time periods. Field data gathered during crop years 1987-1990 reflected the meteorological and policy changes during the late 1980's in both non-irrigated and irrigated peanut fields. EXNUT, an expert systems model for peanut irrigation and pest management, was evaluated in 1987, 1988, 1989, and 1990 against expert farmers in the Southeast and increased peanut yields by 204 kg/ha. Evaluation of EXNUT demonstrated one example of how expert system technology can offer economically feasible solutions to the peanut yield decline in the Southeast.
Combining Ability for Large Pod and Seed Traits in Peanut1
Authors: Anderson W. F. , Fitzner M. S. , Isleib T. G. , Wynne J. C. , Phillips T. D. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Recently, the peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) industry has expressed a greater need for higher percentages of fancy pods and extra large kernels (ELK), especially for use in large-seeded in-shell products. Genetic control of these traits has been reported to range in complexity from simple inheritance to the inclusion of multiple modifier genes. This study was conducted to determine the general combining ability (GCA) effects of 50 peanut genotypes on pod and seed size. Each genotype was used five times as a female parent and five times as a male parent in a partial diallel crossing program. F1 hybrids were grown and their pods were harvested for measurements of pod and seed size. The F2 generation was planted the following year and similar measurements were recorded using the single pod descent procedure. Individual F2 plants were harvested and pod and seed characteristics measured for segregation information within four crosses. General combining ability effects were not well correlated between generations (r=0.53-0.56) or with the same traits measured on pure-line parents (r=0.32-0.42). PI 298845, PI 314897, PI 325079, Jenkins Jumbo, and Fla 393-8-1-1-1-1-1-2 had consistently large positive GCA effects on pod and seed weight. F2 segregation patterns indicated that some crosses exhibit predominantly additive gene action while one cross (PI 270818 / PI 269111) showed dominance toward smaller pods. Transgressive segregation occurred for pod and seed size traits in four crosses. Substantial genetic variability for pod and seed size remains in the peanut germplasm collection.
Resistance to Cercosporidium Personatum Within Peanut Germplasm1
Authors: Anderson W. F. , Holbrook C. C. , Brenneman T. B. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Late leafspot, caused by Cercosporidium personatum, is prevalent in the southeastern United States and causes extensive defoliation and peanut yield losses if fungicides are not applied. Some sources of resistance to late leafspot have already been identified in the United States peanut germplasm collection. In screening 500 peanut plant introductions from the Southern Regional Plant Introduction Station, Experiment, Georgia, 33 genotypes with partial resistance to C. personatum were identified. These lines were evaluated for leafspot resistance and yield without fungicide protection from 1989 through 1991. Although PI 215695, PI 215696 and PI 215724 were significantly more resistant than all other genotypes over the three years, pod yields were low. During years of high disease severity, resistant selections PI 203396 and PI 162529 had the highest yields. Significant positive correlation occurred between late leafspot ratings and shelling percentage (r = 0.43 and 0.47) in 1990 and 1991. Evaluation of the main-stems of plants during the growing season revealed that the three most resistant genotypes had significantly less defoliation than Southern Runner, the only cultivar grown with resistance to late leafspot. There are important genes for resistance present in the United States peanut germplasm collection and there is a need for evaluation of the entire collection for useful resistance to leafspot and other pests.
Fatty Acid Composition and Tocopherol Content of Drought Stressed Florunner Peanuts
Authors: Hashim I. B. , Koehler P. E. , Eitenmiller R. R. , Kvien C. K. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Drought stress has been heavily investigated for its effects on production efficiency and yield, but less attention has been given to its effects on peanut quality. Peanuts (Florunner cv) were stressed for 30 days, by withholding irrigation and using shelters, at the pre-flowering period (stressl), pod formation period (stress2), and maturation period (stress3). Fatty acid composition, oleic linoleic ratio (O/L), computed iodine value (IV) and tocopherol content of Florunner peanuts were investigated. The fatty acid composition acid composition, O/L ration, IV, alpha-tocopherol (α-T) and gamma-tocopherol (γ-T) were significantly affected by drought stress and peanut grade. As peanuts increased in size regardless of stressing period, long chain saturated fatty acids [arachidic acid (20:0), behenic acid (22:0), and lignoceric acid (24:0)], eicosenoic acid (20:1), (O/L), and α-tocopherol decreased significantly. Stressing peanuts during the maturation period is most detrimental to peanut stability, decreasing O/L ratio and increasing IV.
Moisture Content Determination in Single Peanut Kernels With a Microwave Resonator
Authors: Kraszewski A. W. , Nelson S. O. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Principles are discussed for determining moisture content of individual peanut, Arachis hypogaea L., kernels by microwave resonator measurements, and data illustrating the application of these principles are presented. By measuring the shift in the resonant frequency and the change in the cavity transmission characteristics when a peanut kernel is inserted into the cavity, and taking the ratio of these two parameters, it is possible to obtain the moisture content of the kernel independent of its mass (size) and apparently independent of peanut type, as far as runner and virginia market types are concerned. Moisture contents in the range from 4 to 14 percent, wet basis, were determined with an uncertainty of 0.9 percent moisture, at the 95-percent confidence level.
Evaluation of Runner Peanut Cultivars and Advanced Georgia Breeding Lines for Yield and Resistance to Late Leaf Spot Under Three Disease-Management Programs1
Authors: Smith F. D. , Brenneman T. B. , Branch W. D. , Mullinix B. G. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Podyield and resistance to late leaf spot, caused by Cercosporidium personatum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Deighton, were evaluated on nine advanced Georgia breeding lines and five cultivars of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.): Florunner, Georgia Runner, GK-7, Southern Runner, and Sunrunner. Peanuts were grown at Tifton, GA during 1987-1988 under three leaf spot programs using diniconazole at 0.14 kg/ha with Agri-Dex® (0.5% v/v): 1) unsprayed, 2) 28-day, and 3) 14-day spray schedule. Final disease ratings (Florida 1 to 10 scale) were made approximately 1-wk prior to harvest. In unsprayed plots, Southern Runner and GaT-2566 had significantly lower leaf spot disease ratings than Florunner, GK-7, Sunrunner, and Georgia Runner. Across all fungicide treatments, yields of Georgia Runner averaged significantly higher than the four other cultivars and GaT-2566. Average yields were 5111, 4497, 4433, 4404, 4377, and 4022 kg/ha for Georgia Runner, Southern Runner, GK-7, GaT-2566, Sunrunner, and Florunner, respectively. In addition to low yield potential of GaT-2566, it was susceptible to Rhizoctonia limb rot (R. solani Kühn, anastomosis group 4). However, Georgia Runner was found to have moderate tolerance to late leaf spot and excellent yield potential.