bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase II Clinical Trial of a Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor–Encoding, Second-Generation Oncolytic Herpesvirus in Patients With Unresectable Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Senzer Neil N. , Kaufman Howard L. , Amatruda Thomas , Nemunaitis Mike , Reid Tony , Daniels Gregory , Gonzalez Rene , Glaspy John , Whitman Eric , Harrington Kevin , Goldsweig Howard , Marshall Tracey , Love Colin , Coffin Robert , Nemunaitis John J. 
Published: November 2009

Purpose Treatment options for metastatic melanoma are limited. We conducted this phase II trial to assess the efficacy of JS1/34.5-/47-/granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in stages IIIc and IV disease. Patients and Methods Treatment involved intratumoral injection of up to 4 mL of 106 pfu/mL of JS1/34.5-/47-/GM-CSF followed 3 weeks later by up to 4 mL of 108 pfu/mL every 2 weeks for up to 24 treatments. Clinical activity (by RECIST [Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors]), survival, and safety parameters were monitored. Results Fifty patients (stages IIIc, n = 10; IVM1a, n = 16; IVM1b, n = 4; IVM1c, n = 20) received a median of six injection sets; 74% of patients had received one or more nonsurgical prior therapies for active disease, including dacarbazine/temozolomide or interleukin-2 (IL-2). Adverse effects were limited primarily to transient flu-like symptoms. The overall response rate by RECIST was 26% (complete response [CR], n = 8; partial response [PR], n = 5), and regression of both injected and distant (including visceral) lesions occurred. Ninety-two percent of the responses had been maintained for 7 to 31 months. Ten additional patients had stable disease (SD) for greater than 3 months, and two additional patients had surgical CR. On an extension protocol, two patients subsequently achieved CR by 24 months (one previously PR, one previously SD), and one achieved surgical CR (previously PR). Overall survival was 58% at 1 year and 52% at 24 months. Conclusion The 26% response rate, with durability in both injected and uninjected lesions including visceral sites, together with the survival rates, are evidence of systemic effectiveness. This effectiveness, combined with a limited toxicity profile, warrants additional evaluation of JS1/34.5-/47-/GM-CSF in metastatic melanoma. A US Food and Drug Administration–approved phase III investigation is underway.
Poetry Animal
Authors: Skinner Jonathan 
Published: November 2009

For William Carlos Williams, poetry was a war machine, a “small (or large) machine made of words.” If the war is a human war on other species, do poetry machines become poetry animals? Can we read Christopher Dewdney's “Permugenesis,” Marianne Moore's “An Octopus,” or Francis Ponge's “Notes Toward a Shell” as recombinant textual animals? Attention to intimate form locates structures of feeling in procedures that distribute agency. Jonathan Skinner's warbler poems (“Magnolia,” “Northern Parula,” “Myrtle”) compose with field-based constraints to make poetry an instrument of perception and interspecies research, a “singing with,” not just about or like, the nonhuman animal. The infrahuman sounds of Lila Zemborain's jellyfish (“Mauve Sea Orchids”) or the revolving phonemes of Emily Dickinson's hummingbird (“A route of evanescence”) organize perception and citation along indeterminate somatic pathways, where deep listening operates a reading machine. Faced with an age of extinction, remembering Cecilia Vicuña's and Antonin Artaud's call for a poetics of volatile agency and of bodily change, let us write island preserves of animality into the subject.
Poetry animals are “thoughts on things,” like the plumage of Lorine Niedecker's “Mergansers,” that “fold unfold / above the river beds.” In voicing the meandering pitches of Maggie O'Sullivan's “Starlings,” do we undergo kinship with animals? Poetry animals lose sight of teleology and move with periodic, inhuman intensities, allowing foreign organizations into the sphere of the human nervous system. To locate their “animalady,” poets might become reading and writing machines, to deconstruct the singular animal and listen as human animals.
Crystal Structure and Luminescent Properties of Green Phosphor Ba3Y2(SiO4)3:Eu2+ for LED Applications
Authors: Ye Xinyu , Fang Ying , Tong Zhifang , Liao Chunfa , Zhong Shengwen , Zhuang Weidong 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
We have developed a new silicate-based phosphor Ba3Y2(SiO4)3:Eu2+ without using expensive raw materials. The host crystal structure was firstly indexed as an orthorhombic-type instead of garnet-type. The phosphor absorbs near-ultraviolet light around 365 nm and emits green light with a peak at about 505 nm, which results from the 5d–4f transition of the Eu2+. The optimum concentration of Eu2+ activator is 4 mol % relative to the Ba2+ content in the Ba3Y2(SiO4)3 host. It is a promising candidate for application in LEDs as a green-emitting color converter.
Covalent Attachment of Pyrene onto the Layer Surfaces of Silylated Magadiite at a High Concentration without Aggregation
Authors: Matsuo Yoshiaki , Nakajima Kazuki , Sugie Yosohiro 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Magadiite containing covalently attached pyrene chromophores at a high concentration was prepared by the reaction between silylated magadiite possessing amino groups and 1-pyrenebutanoic acid succinimidyl ester. The monomeric pyrene content without aggregation reached a very high value of 0.57 pyrene/nm2 in the nanosheet state.
Investigation of Silver Oxidation Behavior under Active Oxygen Processing Utilizing the Quartz Crystal Microbalance Method
Authors: Matsumoto Hiroyuki , Matsuoka Mikihiko , Yoshino Kiyoshi , Iwasaki Tatsuyuki , Kinoshita Shinobu , Noda Kazutoshi , Iwamori Satoru 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
We have been investigating the mechanism of surface oxidation on thin silver film under ultraviolet lamp processing to achieve high-resolution active oxygen monitoring utilizing a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). In this study, real-time silver oxidation behavior was measured by the QCM. The oxidation mechanism is discussed here based on the results of surface analyses by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM).
Fabrication of Au Fine Structures of Nanoparticles by Anodization of Purple Gold (AuAl2)
Authors: Nishio Kazuyuki , Kondo Toshiaki , Masuda Hideki 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
The anodization of purple gold (AuAl2) in oxalic acid at low voltage (5 V) generated uniformly sized Au nanoparticles on the substrate. The surface of the sample showed a characteristic color after the anodization, which originated from the localized surface plasmon (LSP) of Au nanoparticles. The samples with Au nanoparticles could be applied as a substrate for the measurement of surface-enhanced Raman scattering of molecules.
Increased Complement Factor H with Decreased Factor B Determined by Proteomic Differential Displays as a Biomarker of Tai Chi Chuan Exercise
Authors: Yang Kuender D , Chang Wan-Ching , Chuang Hau , Wang Pei-Wen , Liu Rue-Tsuan , Yeh Shu-Hui 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Background: Exhaustive exercise can be associated with short-term immune suppression, but moderate exercise such as tai chi chuan (TCC) has been shown to have beneficial effects on immunity. The mechanisms for the health benefits of exercise remain to be determined, and no potential biomarkers for these beneficial health effects have been identified. This study investigated serum proteomic markers in individuals participating in TCC exercise.
Methods: Two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis was used to compare proteomic markers in 3 individuals before and after 12 weeks of TCC exercise. The different protein spots were identified by mass spectrometry and validated in an additional 20 individuals by western blot analysis.
Results: We identified 39 protein spots for 18 proteins with a noticeable increase or decrease after TCC exercise. Validation of the differentially displayed proteins with 20 paired pre- and postexercise samples revealed a significant increase in complement factor H (P = 0.0034) associated with decreases in C1 esterase inhibitor (P = 0.0038) and complement factor B (P = 0.0029).
Conclusions: In this first study of proteomic biomarkers of TCC exercise, we found an increase in complement factor H associated with a decrease in complement factor B. Complement factor H is involved in protection from microangiopathy and macular degeneration and may represent a useful marker of the health effects of exercise.
Association of Very Highly Elevated C-Reactive Protein Concentration with Cardiovascular Events and All-Cause Mortality
Authors: Hamer Mark , Chida Yoichi , Stamatakis Emmanuel 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Background: The clinical relevance of very highly increased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentrations (&gt;10 mg/L) is incompletely understood. We examined the association between very highly increased hsCRP and risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and all-cause mortality.
Methods: We recruited 5248 participants free from overt CVD and acute infection [mean age 53.5 (SD 12.4) years, 55.5% women] from the Scottish Health Survey, a representative sample of community-dwelling adults. hsCRP and other conventional risk factors were measured at baseline.
Results: Over an average of 7 years’ follow-up, there were a total of 259 incident CVD events (including myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass, percutaneous coronary angioplasty, stroke, heart failure) and 357 all-cause deaths. Very highly increased hsCRP was associated with CVD events after adjustment for Framingham risk score (FRS), body mass index (BMI), central obesity, and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) (hazard ratio 2.40, 95% CI 1.51–3.81) and also with all-cause death (hazard ratio 3.64, 95% CI 2.57–5.15). With the addition of CRP scores to the conventional Framingham model, 7.4% of participants were reclassified into a high-risk (&gt;20% FRS) CVD category. Very highly increased hsCRP was also associated with several modifiable risk factors, including smoking, HDL cholesterol, and central obesity.
Conclusions: hsCRP &gt;10 mg/L was a stronger predictor of clinical events than a conventional cut point of 3 mg/L. Very highly increased hsCRP may provide clinically meaningful prognostic information.
Reviews
Authors: Fernndez-Quijada David , Goss Brian 
Published: November 2009

Television in the Multichannel Age: A Brief History of Cable Television, Megan Mullen (2008)Malden: Blackwell Publishing, x + 238 pp., ISBN 9781405149709 Paperback, 18.99, Hardback, 47.50What the Heck Are You Up to, Mr. President?: Jimmy Carter, America's Malaise and the Speech That Should Have Changed the Country, Kevin Mattson (2009)New York: Bloomsbury, 272 pp., ISBN-10: 1596915218, Hardback, ISBN-13: 978-1596915213, Hardback, $(US) 25.00
Drivers of colonization and succession in polar benthic macro- and microalgal communities
Authors: Campana Gabriela Laura , Zacher Katharina , Fricke Anna , Molis Markus , Wulff Angela , Liliana Quartino María , Wiencke Christian 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Information on succession in marine benthic primary producers in polar regions is very scarce, particularly with regard to effects of abiotic and biotic drivers of community structure. Primary succession begins with rapid colonizers, such as diatoms and ephemeral macroalgae, whereas slow, highly seasonal recruitment and growth are characteristic of annual or perennial seaweed species. Colonization of intertidal and subtidal assemblages on polar rocky shores is severely affected by physical disturbance and by seasonal changes in abiotic conditions. Biotic factors, such as grazing, can strongly affect colonization patterns and also alter competitive interactions among benthic algae. Ambient UV radiation affects the diversity of macroalgal communities during early and later stages of succession. In contrast, microalgal assemblages have high tolerance to UV stress. Climate warming could alter algal latitudinal distribution and favor invasion of polar regions by cold-temperate species. Reduced sea ice cover and retreating glaciers could expand colonization areas but alter light, salinity, sedimentation and disturbance processes. Although the key role of macroalgae in coastal systems and, to a much reduced extent, the importance of microphytobenthos have been documented for polar regions, information on the successional process is incomplete and will benefit from further ecological studies.
How to choose a prosodic template. On verb innovation and variation in Hebrew
Authors: Laks Lior 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
This paper examines the factors that play a role in blocking and non-blocking in verb formation in Modern Hebrew. Hebrew verbs are formed in prosodic templates (so-called binyanim) that consist of a vocalic template and affixes in some of them. I address the criteria for the selection of such templates with regard to verb innovation, relation between existing forms and variation of forms. I will show that the selection of a particular binyan is the result of an interaction between markedness and faithfulness constraints on the one hand and thematic-syntactic considerations on the other hand. While certain constraints block the formation of verbs in some binyanim, there are cases of non-crucial ranking of constraints that gives rise to free variation of existing forms.
3D-Oberflächenvermessung mit einem Stereo-Rasterelektronenmikroskop3D Surface Measurement with a Scanning Electron Microscope
Authors: Vynnyk Taras , Fahlbusch Thomas , Reithmeier Eduard 
Published: November 2009

Zusammenfassung
Die Vermessung von mikro-strukturierten technischen Oberflächen ist eine aktuelle Kernfragestellung der Messtechnik. In diesem Beitrag werden 3D-Rekonstruktionsverfahren von rasterelektronenmikroskopischen Aufnahmen, insbesondere die photometrische Methode, vorgestellt. Zur Verifikation des entwickelten Modells wurde ein Rasterelektronenmikroskop mit zwei Detektoren versehen.
Untersuchung betontechnologischer Fragestellungen mit Hilfe eingebetteter flexibler faseroptischer Fabry—Pérot-InterferometerInvestigations of Durability Parameters of Concrete by Means of Embedded Flexible Fiber-Optic Fabry—Pérot Interferometers
Authors: Schuler Stephanie , Hillemeier Bernd , Fuhrland Matthias , Meinel Dietmar , Habel Wolfgang R. 
Published: November 2009

Zusammenfassung
Die Dauerhaftigkeit von Betonbauteilen zu einer messbaren Größe zu machen, ist ein vorrangiges Ziel der Baustoffforschung. Schrumpfen, Schwinden und Temperaturverformungen gefährden bei Hochleistungsbetonen deren Dauerhaftigkeit. Die begleitende messtechnische Deformationsmessung wird daher zu einer unverzichtbaren Methode, Betonrezepturen zielsicher und ökonomisch hinsichtlich der Dauerhaftigkeit zu entwickeln. Ein flexibler Fabry–Pérot-Interferometer-Sensor ermöglicht die messtechnische Erfassung der frühen Deformationsprozesse bereits ab dem Moment des Betoneinbaus. Der Artikel zeigt das Sensorprinzip, Untersuchungen zur In-situ-Referenzierung und zur Rückwirkung des Sensors sowie dessen Einsatzmöglichkeiten in der Baustoff- und Materialforschung.
Raloxifene and body composition and muscle strength in postmenopausal women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Jacobsen Didy E , Samson Monique M , Emmelot-Vonk Marielle H , Verhaar Harald J J 
Published: November 2009

ObjectiveTo compare the effects of raloxifene and placebo on body composition and muscle strength.DesignRandomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 198 healthy women aged 70 years or older conducted between July 2003 and January 2008 at the University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands.MethodsParticipants were randomly assigned to receive raloxifene 60 mg or placebo daily for 12 months. Measurements were taken at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months, and change from baseline was calculated. Main outcome measures were body composition (bioelectrical impedance analysis), muscle strength, and muscle power (maximum voluntary isometric knee extension strength, explosive leg extensor power, and handgrip strength).ResultsAt 12 months, the body composition of women taking raloxifene was significantly different from that of women taking placebo: fat-free mass (FFM) had increased by a mean of 0.83 (2.4) kg in the raloxifene group versus 0.03 (1.5) kg in the placebo group (P=0.05), and total body water had increased by a mean of 0.6 (1.8) litres in the raloxifene group versus a decrease of 0.06 (1.1) litres in the placebo group (P=0.02). Muscle strength and power were not significantly different.ConclusionRaloxifene significantly changed body composition (increased FFM; increased water content) compared with placebo in postmenopausal women.
High-Throughput Genetic Mapping of Mutants via Quantitative Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Typing
Authors: Liu Sanzhen , Chen Hsin D , Makarevitch Irina , Shirmer Rebecca , Emrich Scott J , Dietrich Charles R , Barbazuk W Brad , Springer Nathan M , Schnable Patrick S 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Advances in next-generation sequencing technology have facilitated the discovery of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Sequenom-based SNP-typing assays were developed for 1359 maize SNPs identified via comparative next-generation transcriptomic sequencing. Approximately 75% of these SNPs were successfully converted into genetic markers that can be scored reliably and used to generate a SNP-based genetic map by genotyping recombinant inbred lines from the intermated B73 × Mo17 population. The quantitative nature of Sequenom-based SNP assays led to the development of a time- and cost-efficient strategy to genetically map mutants via quantitative bulked segregant analysis. This strategy was used to rapidly map the loci associated with several dozen recessive mutants. Because a mutant can be mapped using as few as eight multiplexed sets of SNP assays on a bulk of as few as 20 mutant F2 individuals, this strategy is expected to be widely adopted for mapping in many species.
Genetic Evidence for an Essential Oscillation of Transmembrane-Spanning Segment 5 in the Escherichia coli Ammonium Channel AmtB
Authors: Inwood William B , Hall Jason A , Kim Kwang-Seo , Fong Rebecca , Kustu Sydney 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Ammonium channels, called Amt or Mep, concentrate $\batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathrm{NH}_{4}^{{+}}\) \end{document}$ against a gradient. Each monomer of the trimer has a pore through which substrate passes and a C-terminal cytoplasmic extension. The importance of the C-terminal extension to AmtB activity remains unclear. We have described lesions in conserved C-terminal residues that inactivate AmtB and here characterize 38 intragenic suppressors upstream of the C terminus (∼1/3 of total suppressors). Three that occurred repeatedly, including the previously characterized W148L at the pore entry, restored growth at low NH3 to nearly wild-type levels and hence restored high activity. V116L completely restored function to two of the mutant proteins and, when separated from other lesions, did not damage wild-type AmtB. A179E notably altered folding of AmtB, compensated for all inactivating C-terminal lesions, and damaged wild-type AmtB. V116L and A179E lie at the cytoplasmic end of transmembrane-spanning segments (TM) 3 and 5, respectively, and the proximal part of the C-terminal tail makes intimate contacts with the loops following them before crossing to the adjacent monomer. Collectively, the properties of intragenic suppressor strains lead us to postulate that the C-terminal tail facilitates an oscillation of TM 5 that is required for coordinated pore function and high AmtB activity. Movement of TM 5 appears to control the opening of both the periplasmic entry and the cytoplasmic exit to the pore.
The Retinal Determination Gene eyes absent Is Regulated by the EGF Receptor Pathway Throughout Development in Drosophila
Authors: Salzer Claire L , Elias Yair , Kumar Justin P 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Members of the Eyes absent (Eya) protein family play important roles in tissue specification and patterning by serving as both transcriptional activators and protein tyrosine phosphatases. These activities are often carried out in the context of complexes containing members of the Six and/or Dach families of DNA binding proteins. eyes absent, the founding member of the Eya family is expressed dynamically within several embryonic, larval, and adult tissues of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. Loss-of-function mutations are known to result in disruptions of the embryonic head and central nervous system as well as the adult brain and visual system, including the compound eyes. In an effort to understand how eya is regulated during development, we have carried out a genetic screen designed to identify genes that lie upstream of eya and govern its expression. We have identified a large number of putative regulators, including members of several signaling pathways. Of particular interest is the identification of both yan/anterior open and pointed, two members of the EGF Receptor (EGFR) signaling cascade. The EGFR pathway is known to regulate the activity of Eya through phosphorylation via MAPK. Our findings suggest that this pathway is also used to influence eya transcriptional levels. Together these mechanisms provide a route for greater precision in regulating a factor that is critical for the formation of a wide range of diverse tissues.
Pediatric Hospital Adherence to the Standard of Care for Acute Gastroenteritis
Authors: Tieder Joel S. , Robertson Andrea , Garrison Michelle M. 
Published: November 2009

BACKGROUND: Adherence to published care guidelines for the management of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is unknown.OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the association of AGE guideline adherence with outcomes and resource use at pediatric hospitals.DESIGN/METHODS: We studied children aged 6 months to 6 years with an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Edition (ICD-9) discharge code indicative of AGE and without comorbid conditions in the emergency department, observation setting, or hospital. Laboratory studies, antiemetic use, and antibiotic use were evaluated, and the length of stay, mean adjusted total charges, and readmission proportion were documented. Multiple analysis of variance determined if the variance of adjusted charges, length of stay, and diagnostic studies were hospital-related. A regression analysis determined the association between guideline adherence and outcomes.RESULTS: There were a total of 188873 patients; 174594 (92.4%) were not admitted, and 14279 (7.6%) were admitted. There was substantial variation in resource use among hospitals. The mean adjusted total charge for all patients was $863 (SD: 1336). The mean adjusted total charge for nonadmitted patients was $591 (SD: 636). Individual hospitals contributed to the variance of mean length of stay, total adjusted charges, and use of diagnostic studies after controlling for covariates (P &lt; .001). Guideline adherence was associated with a mean decrease in the average adjusted cost ($591) for nonadmitted patients of $296 (95% confidence interval: −399 to −193).CONCLUSIONS: Guideline-adherent hospitals demonstrated 50% lower charges for emergency department or observation patients with uncomplicated AGE without adversely affecting outcomes. Use of resources not routinely recommended by published AGE guidelines remains common in pediatric hospitals.