bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influences of Natural Zeolite (cliptinolite) on Ammonia and Biogenic Amine Formation by Foodborne Pathogen
Authors: Gokdogan Saadet , Özogul Yesim , Kuley Esmeray , Özogul Fatih , Kacar Cigdem , Ucar Yılmaz 
Published: August 2012

Abstract:  The influence of natural zeolite on biogenic amines (BAs) and ammonia (AMN) production by eight common gram negative and positive foodborne pathogens (FBP) were investigated in histidine decarboxylase broth (HDB). Presence of 1% zeolite in the HDB resulted in significantly higher AMN production. Histamine (HIS) production by gram positive bacteria was as low as 0.5 mg/L, whereas Escherichia coli produced 18.96 mg/L of HIS. The use of zeolite also significantly suppressed HIS accumulation by E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, S. paratyphi A (P < 0.05), although zeolite addition stimulated HIS production by K. pneumonia and Aeromonas hydrophila. The range of tyramine (TYR) production by gram positive bacteria was 1.19 and 4.06 mg/L for Enteroccus faecalis and Listeria monocytogenes respectively. The results of study showed that the effect of zeolite on BAs and AMN production was dependent on bacterial strains, as well as zeolite concentrations used.Practical Application:  Natural zeolites are the main absorptive, low‐cost material used in agriculture and industry. Although the effect of zeolite on ammonia formation in some industrial systems is well known, there is limited information regarding the impact of zeolite on biogenic amine (BA) production by foodborne pathogens. The data presented in this article will help us to understand the impact of natural zeolite on BA and ammonia production by eight common foodborne pathogens.
Fungal Decay and Shelf Life of Oranges Coated With Chitosan and Bergamot, Thyme, and Tea Tree Essential Oils
Authors: Cháfer M. , Sánchez‐González L. , González‐Martínez Ch. , Chiralt A. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract:  Chitosan coatings, containing or not essential oils (bergamot, thyme and tea tree oil), were applied to oranges (cv. Navel Powell). Antifungal effect was evaluated by applying coatings before and after inoculating the fruit with Penicillium italicum CECT 2294 (105 spores/mL), preventive and curative treatments, respectively. The effect of coatings on the quality parameters (acidity, pH, soluble solids, juice percentage, weight loss, firmness, color parameters, and respiration rate) was controlled for the different oranges samples throughout the cold storage time. Preventive antimicrobial treatments with coatings containing tea tree oil were the most effective with a reduction of the microbial growth (expressed as the percentage of infected samples) of 50%, as compared to the uncoated samples. The coatings did not lead to any relevant changes in the development of the sample quality parameters throughout the cold storage, except for a slightly reduced loss of both weight and firmness when the coatings contained bergamot oil.Practical Applications:  Results of this study are a useful tool for the development of new environmental friendly and healthier commercial applications in the control of the main postharvest fungal decay of citrus fruits.
Evaluation of Antioxidant, Radical Scavenging Activity and Polyphenolics Profile in Solanum torvum L. Fruits
Authors: Ramamurthy CH. , Kumar M. Suresh , Suyavaran V. Sujatha A. , Mareeswaran R. , Thirunavukkarasu C. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract:  Solanum torvum fruit widely used in traditional medicine of India and also in food preparation. Three different extracts such as water (WE), methanol (ME), and ethanol (EE) were used to evaluate their antioxidant and radical scavenging activity by different methods. All the assays results were compared with well‐known standard antioxidants. The IC50 values of assays were determined. The total phenolic and flavonoids content were found to be maximum in water and ethanol extracts, respectively. The electron quenching ability of fruit extract was assayed by DPPH and reducing power assays succeeding order were ME > EE > WE, respectively. Inhibition of membrane damage, was assayed interns of oxidative hemolysis and lipid peroxidation assays, among all WE extract shows 58.00% and 68.55 5% percentage of inhibition with 0.9 and 0.8 correlations (r2), respectively. Antioxidant and radical quenching efficiency were assayed by β‐carotene bleaching and hydroxyl radical scavenging method and results were compared with vitamin C and catechin. The in vitro free radical quenching and antioxidant results were well correlated with in vitro DNA protection assay. As analyzed by HPTLC gallic acid content is high in WE (1394 ± 25.0) and ME (598 ± 54.0) whereas ferulic acid is high in EE (32 ± 5.94) μg/g, respectively. This study indicate that S. torvum fruit is an excellent source of natural antioxidant and could be an effective nutritional food supplement, which interns will have therapeutic applications.Practical Application:  In siddha medicine on the traditional systems of India the, ripened fruits are used in the preparation of tonic named as a “sundaivattaral choornam” is used to improve the health and prevent several diseases. This study has given an experimental evidence that S. torvum fruit is an excellent source of natural antioxidants.
Characterization of a Smartphone Camera's Response to Ultraviolet A Radiation
Authors: Igoe Damien , Parisi Alfio , Carter Brad 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAs part of a wider study into the use of smartphones as solar ultraviolet radiation monitors, this article characterizes the ultraviolet A (UVA; 320–400 nm) response of a consumer complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)‐based smartphone image sensor in a controlled laboratory environment. The CMOS image sensor in the camera possesses inherent sensitivity to UVA, and despite the attenuation due to the lens and neutral density and wavelength‐specific bandpass filters, the measured relative UVA irradiances relative to the incident irradiances range from 0.0065% at 380 nm to 0.0051% at 340 nm. In addition, the sensor demonstrates a predictable response to low‐intensity discrete UVA stimuli that can be modelled using the ratio of recorded digital values to the incident UVA irradiance for a given automatic exposure time, and resulting in measurement errors that are typically less than 5%. Our results support the idea that smartphones can be used for scientific monitoring of UVA radiation.
Prevalence and Correlates of Low Medication Adherence in Apparent Treatment‐Resistant Hypertension
Authors: Irvin Marguerite R. , Shimbo Daichi , Mann Devin M. , Reynolds Kristi , Krousel‐Wood Marie , Limdi Nita A. , Lackland Daniel T. , Calhoun David A. , Oparil Suzanne , Muntner Paul 
Published: August 2012

J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2012;14:694–700 ©2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Low medication adherence may explain part of the high prevalence of apparent treatment‐resistant hypertension (aTRH). The authors assessed medication adherence and aTRH among 4026 participants taking ≥3 classes of antihypertensive medication in the population‐based Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) trial using the 4‐item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS). Low adherence was defined as an MMAS score ≥2. Overall, 66% of participants taking ≥3 classes of antihypertensive medication had aTRH. Perfect adherence on the MMAS was reported by 67.8% and 70.9% of participants with and without aTRH, respectively. Low adherence was present among 8.1% of participants with aTRH and 5.0% of those without aTRH (P<.001). Among those with aTRH, female sex, residence outside the US stroke belt or stroke buckle, physical inactivity, elevated depressive symptoms, and a history of coronary heart disease were associated with low adherence. In the current study, a small percentage of participants with aTRH had low adherence.
Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 April 2012 – 31 May 2012
Authors:   Molecular Ecology Resources Primer Development Consortium, ABELLÓ P. , AI WEIMING , ALTMANN CAROLIN , BERNARDI GIACOMO , BONATO OLIVIER , BURCHHARDT KATHLEEN M. , CHEN XIAO , CHEN ZHIJIAN , ČÍŽKOVÁ DAGMAR , CLOUET CÉCILE , CUBETA MARC A. , GARCIA‐MERCHAN VH. , GAUTHIER NATHALIE , GIBSON SHANE , HALAČKA KAREL , HAMDI FATEN , HANKELN THOMAS , HOCHKIRCH AXEL , HRBEK TOMAS , JACKSON ALEXIS M. , LIN CHONGWEN , LIN SI‐MIN , MACPHERSON E. , MACRANDER JASON , MAREŠOVÁ EVA , MENDEL JAN , NOWAK MICHAŁ , ORTI GUILLERMO , PALERO F. , PAPOUŠEK IVO , PASCUAL M. , SCHMITT THOMAS , SEMMENS BRICE X. , STREITO JEAN‐CLAUDE , TIAN EN‐WEI , TSENG SHU‐PING , VEITH MICHAEL , VETEŠNÍK LUKÁŠ , WANG HURNG‐YI , WEYER JESSICA , WILLIS STUART , YU HUI , ZHOU ZHIMING 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThis article documents the addition of 123 microsatellite marker loci to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Brenthis ino, Cichla orinocensis, Cichla temensis, Epinephelus striatus, Gobio gobio, Liocarcinus depurator, Macrolophus pygmaeus, Monilinia vaccinii‐corymbosi, Pelochelys cantorii, Philotrypesis josephi, Romanogobio vladykovi, Takydromus luyeanus and Takydromus viridipunctatus. These loci were cross‐tested on the following species: Cichla intermedia, Cichla ocellaris, Cichla pinima, Epinephelus acanthistius, Gobio carpathicus, Gobio obtusirostris, Gobio sp. 1, Gobio volgensis, Macrolophus costalis, Macrolophus melanotoma, Macrolophus pygmaeus, Romanogobio albipinnatus, Romanogobio banaticus, Romanogobio belingi, Romanogobio kesslerii, Romanogobio parvus, Romanogobio pentatrichus, Romanogobio uranoscopus, Takydromus formosanus, Takydromus hsuehshanesis and Takydromus stejnegeri.
Assessing the human lid margin epithelium using impression cytology
Authors: Jalbert Isabelle , Madigan Michele C. , Shao Mei , Ng Jennifer , Cheng Jenny , Wong Daniel , McMonnies Charles 
Published: August 2012

Abstract.Purpose:  To establish if impression cytology combined with histochemical and immunocytochemical staining can be used to assess epithelium of the human upper lid margin.Methods:  Following an initial eye examination of 40 healthy subjects (19 soft contact lens wearers and 21 non‐contact lens wearers, aged 18–57 years), lid margin staining was assessed with lissamine green using slit lamp biomicroscopy and graded (grade 0–3). Impression cytology of the upper lid margin of both eyes was collected, fixed and stained with periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and haematoxylin for cell morphology analysis (Nelson grade) or for immunocytochemistry (keratinization‐related proteins: filaggrin, transglutaminase1 (TGase1) and cytokeratin 1/10).Results:  In 57% of all subjects, grade 0 lissamine green staining showed a thin line (the Marx line), just posterior to the meibomian gland ducts. Grade 2 or 3 lissamine green staining was observed in 17% of all subjects. There was no difference between contact lens and non‐contact lens wearers for lid margin staining or Nelson grade (p = 0.4, Fisher’s exact test). PAS/haematoxylin staining and immunocytochemistry showed transition in epithelial cell morphology, with marginal conjunctival epithelium, mucocutaneous junction and squamous epithelium, adjacent to meibomian gland ducts. This transition in epithelium was associated with differential expression of keratinization‐related proteins (filaggrin, cytokeratin 1/10 and TGase1).Conclusion:  Lid margin epithelium can be successfully sampled using impression cytology and further characterized using histochemistry and immunocytochemistry staining techniques. This approach can be applied to assess lid margin changes in conditions such as dry eye and meibomian gland dysfunction.
The effect of caffeine on retinal vessel diameter in young healthy subjects
Authors: Terai Naim , Spoerl Eberhard , Pillunat Lutz E. , Stodtmeister Richard 
Published: August 2012

Abstract.Purpose:  To investigate the effect of caffeine on retinal vessel diameter before and during flicker light stimulation in young healthy subjects.Methods:  Seventeen healthy subjects (mean age: 29.6 ± 3.73 years, range: 22–35 years) were included in this study. The diameter of retinal vessels was measured continuously with the retinal vessel analyzer (RVA) before and 1 hr after 200 mg oral caffeine intake. After baseline assessment, a green luminance flicker of 20‐second duration was applied to stimulate retinal activity. The diameter of a segment of an arteriole and of a venule were measured during stimulation and 80 second after cessation of the stimulus. Flicker stimulation and 80‐second measurement interval were carried out three times. Blood pressure parameters, systemic mean arterial pressure (MAP), ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) and intraocular pressure (IOP) were obtained before and after oral caffeine intake.Results:  The mean diameter of the arterioles at baseline before caffeine intake was 123.30 ± 14.0 μm (arithmetic mean ± standard deviation) and after caffeine 117.30 ± 13.0 μm which was significantly different (p = 0.004). The mean diameter of the venules at baseline before caffeine intake was 147.60 ± 19.5 μm and after caffeine 137.73 ± 19.9 μm which was significantly different (p = 0.005). The mean diameter of the arterioles during flicker light stimulation before caffeine intake was 126.65 ± 13.24 μm and after caffeine intake 121.59 ± 12.12 μm (p = 0.012). The mean diameter of the venules during flicker light stimulation before caffeine intake was 151.87 ± 18.63 μm and after caffeine intake was 145.14 ± 19.82 μm (p = 0.027). The flicker response of the arterioles increased from 2.8% before caffeine to 3.8% after caffeine intake (p = 0.010). The flicker response of the venules increased from 3.4% before caffeine to 5.5% after caffeine intake (p = 0.0001). Baseline diameters and diameters during flicker light stimulation after caffeine intake showed a significant negative correlation to the MAP for the arterioles (baseline: r = −0.338, p = 0.049 and flicker: r = −0.345, p = 0.046) and the venules (baseline: r = −0.496, p = 0.003 and flicker: r = −0.479, p = 0.004).Conclusions:  The present study showed a significant vasoconstrictory response of the retinal vessels 1 hr after caffeine intake in young healthy subjects. Retinal vessel diameter changes were negatively correlated with MAP after caffeine consumption. These effects seem to be elicited by an autoregulatory response of the retinal vessels to the increased blood pressure changes after caffeine.
Effects of Doxazosin on Alpha 1‐Adrenergic Receptors in Prostates with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: LEE Ha Na , LEE Kyu‐Sung , LEE Seo Yeon , SHIM Bong Suk , LEE Young‐Suk , HONG Jeong Hee , LIM Bong Hee , LEE Hyun Moo 
Published: August 2012

Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate changes in mRNA and protein expression levels of α1‐AR before and after doxazosin treatment.Methods: This 12‐month, prospective study included males aged 50 or older who had lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) (International Prostate Symptom Score [IPSS] ≥ 8) with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). All patients underwent transrectal ultrasound‐guided prostate biopsy before and after doxazosin 4 mg medication for 12 months. The mRNA and protein expression of prostate α1‐AR were analyzed using real‐time quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain and Western blotting, respectively, before and after treatment. The clinical efficacy of doxazosin was evaluated according to changes in prostate volume, serum prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level, IPSS, quality of life (QoL) index, maximum flow rate, parameters in a voiding diary, and a Patient's Perception of Bladder Condition (PPBC) questionnaire.Results: Twenty patients aged 50–72 (median age 66) with LUTS secondary to BPH completed this study. Administering doxazosin for 12 months significantly increased α1‐AR protein expression in the prostate. α1‐AR mRNA expression did not change significantly after doxazosin administration. IPSS, QoL index, and PPBC scores significantly improved after 12 months of doxazosin treatment. Maximal flow rate, postvoid residual urine volume (PVR), prostate volume and the parameters from the voiding diary did not change significantly after 12 months. The change of IPSS total score and LUTS were maintained until 12 months after starting treatment with doxazosin.Conclusion: Doxazosin treatment was able to increase α1‐AR protein expression in the prostate. Despite increased α1‐AR expression, doxazosin provides sustained, significant relief of LUTS for up to one year without a decrease in efficacy.
Lipedema: an overview of its clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of the disproportional fatty deposition syndrome – systematic review
Authors: Forner‐Cordero I. , Szolnoky G. , Forner‐Cordero A. , Kemény L. 
Published: August 2012

SummaryLipedema is a disproportionate, symmetrical fatty swelling characterized by pain and bruising existing almost exclusively among women. We undertook a systematic review of the available literature about lipedema, given the lack of knowledge and little evidence about this disorder especially among obesity experts. Diagnosis of lipedema is usually based on clinical features. Symmetrical edema in the lower limbs with fatty deposits located to hips and thighs usually appears at puberty and often affects several members of the same family. Main disorders considered for differential diagnosis are lymphedema, obesity, lipohypertrophy and phlebedema. Treatment protocols comprise conservative (decongestive lymphatic therapy) and surgical (liposuction) approaches. Early diagnosis and treatment are mandatory for this disorder otherwise gradual enlargement of fatty deposition causes impaired mobility and further comorbidities like arthrosis and lymphatic insufficiency.
Doxorubicin: an update on anticancer molecular action, toxicity and novel drug delivery systems
Authors: Tacar Oktay , Sriamornsak Pornsak , Dass Crispin R 
Published: August 2012

Abstract

Objectives
The frontline drug doxorubicin has been used for treating cancer for over 30 years. While providing a cure in select cases, doxorubicin causes toxicity to most major organs, especially life-threatening cardiotoxicity, which forces the treatment to become dose-limiting.

Key findings
Doxorubicin is known to bind to DNA-associated enzymes, intercalate with DNA base pairs, and target multiple molecular targets to produce a range of cytotoxic effects. For instance, it causes the activation of various molecular signals from AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase inducing apoptosis) to influence the Bcl-2/Bax apoptosis pathway. By altering the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, downstream activation of different caspases can occur resulting in apoptosis. Doxorubicin also induces apoptosis and necrosis in healthy tissue causing toxicity in the brain, liver, kidney and heart. Over the years, many studies have been conducted to devise a drug delivery system that would eliminate these adverse affects including liposomes, hydrogel and nanoparticulate systems, and we highlight the pros and cons of these drug delivery systems.

Summary
Overall the future for the continued use of doxorubicin clinically against cancer looks set to be prolonged, provided certain enhancements as listed above are made to its chemistry, delivery and toxicity. Increased efficacy depends on these three aims being met satisfactorily as discussed in turn in this review.
Coordination of Intercellular Ca2+ Signaling in Endothelial Cell Tubes of Mouse Resistance Arteries
Authors: Socha Matthew J. , Domeier Timothy L. , Behringer Erik J. , Segal Steven S. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that Ca2+ responses to GPCR activation are coordinated between neighboring ECs of resistance arteries.MethodsEC tubes were freshly isolated from superior epigastric arteries of C57BL/6 mice. Intercellular coupling was tested using microinjection of propidium iodide. Following loading with fluo‐4 dye, intracellular Ca2+ responses to ACh were imaged with confocal microscopy.ResultsCell‐to‐cell transfer of propidium iodide confirmed functional GJCs. A 1 μm ACh stimulus evoked Ca2+ responses (9.8 ± 0.8/min, F/F0 = 3.11 ± 0.2) which pseudo‐line‐scan analysis revealed as composed of Ca2+ waves and spatially restricted Ca2+ release events. A 100 nm ACh stimulus induced Ca2+ responses of lower frequency (4.5 ± 0.7/min) and amplitude (F/F0 = 1.95 ± 0.11) composed primarily of spatially restricted events. The time interval between Ca2+ waves in adjacent cells (0.79 ± 0.12 s) was shorter (p < 0.05) than that between nonadjacent cells (1.56 ± 0.25 s). Spatially restricted Ca2+ release events had similar frequencies and latencies between adjacent and nonadjacent cells. Inhibiting intracellular Ca2+ release with 2‐APB, Xestospongin C or thapsigargin eliminated Ca2+ responses.ConclusionsWith moderate GPCR stimulation, localized Ca2+ release events predominate among cells. Greater GPCR stimulation evokes coordinated intercellular Ca2+ waves via the ER. Calcium signaling during GPCR activation is complex among cells, varying with stimulus intensity and proximity to actively signaling cells.
Psychological consequences of false-positive screening mammograms in the UK
Authors: Bond Mary , Pavey Toby , Welch Karen , Cooper Chris , Garside Ruth , Dean Sarah , Hyde Christopher J 
Published: August 2012

ObjectivesTo identify the psychological effects of false-positive screening mammograms in the UK.MethodsSystematic review of all controlled studies and qualitative studies of women with a false-positive screening mammogram. The control group participants had normal mammograms. All psychological outcomes including returning for routine screening were permitted. All studies had a narrative synthesis.ResultsThe searches returned seven includable studies (7/4423). Heterogeneity was such that meta-analysis was not possible. Studies using disease-specific measures found that, compared to normal results, there could be enduring psychological distress that lasted up to 3 years; the level of distress was related to the degree of invasiveness of the assessment. At 3 years the relative risks were, further mammography, 1.28 (95% CI 0.82 to 2.00), fine needle aspiration 1.80 (95% CI 1.17 to 2.77), biopsy 2.07 (95% CI 1.22 to 3.52) and early recall 1.82 (95% CI 1.22 to 2.72). Studies that used generic measures of anxiety and depression found no such impact up to 3 months after screening. Evidence suggests that women with false-positive mammograms have an increased likelihood of failing to reattend for routine screening, relative risk 0.97 (95% CI 0.96 to 0.98) compared with women with normal mammograms.ConclusionsHaving a false-positive screening mammogram can cause breast cancer-specific distress for up to 3 years. The degree of distress is related to the invasiveness of the assessment. Women with false-positive mammograms are less likely to return for routine assessment than those with normal ones.