bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Raman spectroscopy and support vector machines for quick toxicological evaluation of titania nanoparticles
Authors: Pyrgiotakis Georgios , Kundakcioglu O. Erhun , Pardalos Panos M. , Moudgil Brij M. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractWith the rapid development of nanotechnology products, there is a significant concern on the adverse effects that might be associated with them. Traditional biological assays are typically used to asses the toxicityin vitro. There are, however, questions regarding the suitability of these assays for this purpose, mainly due to the potential interaction of the particles with the utilized dyes. In addition, this process can be costly and time consuming, as a large number of different assays have to be used. To address some of these issues, Raman spectroscopy is used in this study to investigate the particle‐cell interactions. The spectrum of a living cell is a very complex and rich collection of data directly related to its chemical composition. To enhance the data resolution and make the detection of toxicity more robust, data‐mining techniques have been deployed. Furthermore, data‐mining techniques enable full automation of the entire process, minimizing user input. The Raman spectroscopy successfully evaluated the toxicity of TiO2nanoparticles by both the peak‐by‐peak analysis and with the implementation of support vector machines. The particles were found to display cytotoxicity after 36 h of exposure. The results were confirmed by MTT (3‐(4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐Yl)‐2,5‐Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay and are in agreement with the existing literature on the subject. Overall, Raman spectroscopy appears to be among the very few techniques that exhibit low levels of interferences (obscuration, fluorescence, emission, etc.) from the particle addition. Since it does not rely on biomarkers, it can be usedin situfor an extended period with minimal effects on the cellular biochemistry. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Induction of tracheal stenosis in a rabbit model—endoscopic versus open technique
Authors: Steehler Matthew K. , Hesham Hosai N. , Wycherly Benjamin J. , Burke Kevin M. , Malekzadeh Sonya 
Published: February 2011

AbstractObjective:To evaluate and compare open versus endoscopic methods of inducing tracheal stenosis in the New Zealand white rabbit model.Study Design:Prospective randomized control, pilot study.Subjects and Methods:Fifteen New Zealand white rabbits were used in the study. Induction of tracheal stenosis was performed through an open incision in 6 rabbits, an endoscopic approach was utilized in 8 rabbits, and 1 rabbit served as the control. The open approach was performed by brushing the tracheal mucosa 10 times through an anterior tracheotomy with a nylon brush. The endoscopic method was acheived using a rigid bronchoscope and at a measured distance below the cricoid cartilage, passing the same nylon brush four times in each of four quadrants. Repeat endoscopies for evaluation of stenosis progression were performed at 2 and 3 weeks on all rabbits.Results:In the open group, we observed no stenosis with one mortality as a result of gastroenteritis due to antibiotic use. In the endoscopic group, all animals achieved some degree of stenosis by 14 days, with a mean airway narrowing of 43%. The two deaths in the endoscopic group occurred in the immediate postoperative period secondary to laryngeal edema. The endoscopic procedure was 5 minutes in duration.Conclusion:The endoscopic technique is an effective method of achieving circumferential tracheal stenosis in the rabbit model. Advantages include simple instrumentation, an endoscopic approach, potential for decreased costs, and more reliable results. Laryngoscope, 2011
A dual‐band bandpass filter based on dual‐band DBR
Authors: Hua Changzhou , Miao Chen , Xu Jin , Wang Hui , Wu Wen 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA dual‐band bandpass filter using a new dual‐band dual‐behavior resonator (DBR) structure is proposed.The new dual‐band DBR consists of only two stopband elements connected in parallel. One is a uniform impedance open‐circuited stub and the other is a stepped impedance open‐circuited stub. The concept of stepped impedance resonator is utilized to realize the sencond band characteristics at desired frequencies. Experimental results in microstrip technology are presented, which validate our idea. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25822
Low‐power self‐injection‐locked CMOS armstrong voltage‐controlled oscillator
Authors: Jang Sheng‐Lyang , Liao Ying‐Hsiang , Chang Chia‐Wei , Juang M.‐H. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA 7‐GHz NMOS Armstrong cross‐coupled voltage‐controlled oscillator (VCO) is designed and implemented in a 0.18 μm CMOS one‐poly six‐metal (1P6M) process. The differential VCO uses two single‐ended Armstrong oscillators coupled via a pair of cross‐coupled transistors and a pair of varactors, and it also uses the self‐injection locking technique to reduce the phase noise. At the dc drain‐source voltage of 0.6 V, the output phase noise of the VCO is −110.9 dBc/Hz at 1‐MHz offset frequency from the carrier frequency of 7.45 GHz and the figure of merit is −186.26 dBc/Hz. Total VCO core power consumption is 1.614 mW. Tuning range is 1.16 GHz, from 6.42 to 7.58 GHz, while the control voltage was tuned from 0 to 2 V. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:728–731, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25826
Enhancement of FBG multiplexing capacity by the improved constructing spectrum method
Authors: Li P. C. , Zhao X. Z. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA method for multiplexing series FBG sensors, called the improved constructing spectrum method, is proposed. This method which does not ignore effects of spectral shadowing and multiple reflections can identify two serial high‐reflectance gratings working in the same channel. Thus the multiplexing capability of the sensing system is double. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:785–788, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25827
A novel reconfigurable multiband slot antenna fed by a coplanar waveguide using radio frequency microelectro‐mechanical system switches
Authors: Bemani M. , Nikmehr S. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis article presents the design of a novel reconfigurable multiband slot antenna fed by a coplanar waveguide using commercially available radio frequency microelectromechanical system (RF MEMS) switches.This antenna includes various combinations of GSM900, DCS1800, PCS1900, UMTS2000, GPS1575, and WLAN2400/5250/5800. Good radiation performances of the proposed antenna over the operating bands are also obtained. Detailed analysis is performed to characterize the effect of the switches by taking into consideration the switch model and wire bonding effects. The antenna was fabricated, and a good agreement is achieved between measurement and simulation. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:751–757, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25828
A novel wideband Wilkinson divider using parallel branch lines
Authors: Wu Peng , Zhang Yong , Zhang Qin 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA novel wideband branch line Wilkinson divider is proposed. Branch lines are introduced to replace multiple resistors used in the multistage Wilkinson divider to increase the bandwidth of a single‐stage Wilkinson divider. To demonstrate its performance, a modified single‐stage Wilkinson divider with four branch lines has been fabricated and measured. Results show that the measured input return loss, output return loss, and isolation are better than 12.4, 11.6, and 15 dB, respectively, across a 72% bandwidth from 18.8 to 40 GHz. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:781–783, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25833
Wideband composite AMC surfaces for RCS reduction
Authors: Fu Yunqi , Li Youquan , Yuan Naichang 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA composite artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) surface is presented for wide band radar cross section (RCS) reduction. The composite surface consists of two kinds of AMC cells with different resonance frequencies. The phase difference between them can be tuned to be within a range close to ±π over a wide bandwidth. Therefore, the reflections from these two different AMC cells cancel each other. The basic principle was discussed and a sample was measured. The results show that a nearly 10 dB RCS reduction was achieved with a 32% bandwidth. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:712–715, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25835
Critical coupling of the inverted‐F antenna by increasing effective inductance
Authors: Jeon Sinhyung , Kim Hyeongdong 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIn this letter, a novel feed structure that can achieve critical coupling in a planar inverted‐F antenna (PIFA) is proposed.The proposed structure considerably increases the effective inductance simply by inserting a branch capacitance between the feed line and the shorting pin of the conventional planar inverted‐F antenna without structural change to the antenna or ground plane. The extremely low profile PIFA for the GSM900 band is designed to verify the proposed feed structure for critical coupling. The designed PIFA fully covers the GSM 900 band for VSWR < 3. Also, a good omnidirectional radiation pattern was obtained at its operating frequency. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:737–740, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25839
Compact triple‐mode stub‐loaded stepped impedance resonator and bandpass filter
Authors: Deng Hong‐Wei , Zhao Yong‐Jiu , Zhang Lu , Zhang Xue‐Shun , Zhao Wei 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA compact microstrip triple‐mode stub‐loaded stepped impedance resonator (SIR) and bandpass filter (BPF) are proposed in this letter.As a starting part of designing a triple‐mode BPF, the initial miniaturization dual‐mode folded T‐type open stub‐loaded SIR characteristic is investigated to choose its proper dimensions. Based on these predetermined dimensions of this dual‐mode resonator, a short‐circuited stub at the center plane is introduced in this resonator to generate an even mode and four transmission zeros which lead to a high rejection skirt and wide upper stopband outside the desired passband. A compact BPF with the triple‐mode SIR is simulated, fabricated and measured. The electromagnetic (EM) simulated and measured results are presented and an excellent agreement is obtained. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:701–703, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25841
A coupled dual‐u‐shaped monopole antenna for WiMAX triple‐band operation
Authors: Koo Tae Wan , Kim Dongsu , Ryu Jong In , Kim Jun Chul , Yook Jong‐Gwan 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA coupled dual‐U‐shaped antenna for WiMAX triple‐band operation is presented.The proposed antenna is composed of two U‐shaped radiating elements based on a 50‐Ω microstrip‐fed line on FR4 substrate. By using the coupling between the inner and the outer U‐shaped antennas, which mainly generate three different resonant modes, the optimized matching characteristic is obtained. The experimental results such as the matching characteristic and radiation pattern of the proposed antenna are presented. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:745–748, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25842
Stacked arrangement of edge truncated elliptical and conventional circular patches for modern communication systems
Authors: Sekra Pratibha , Shekhawat Sumita , Bhatnagar D. , Saini J.S. , Saxena V. K. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe design and performance of a stacked arrangement of edge truncated elliptical patch and conventional circular patch antennas is proposed in this communication which is capable in providing improved impedance bandwidth with circularly polarized radiations. Both patches are designed on two independent glass epoxy FR‐4 substrates separated by thin air gap. The two patches are placed one over other in such a way that their centers also lie one over other. The size of upper circular patch is marginally larger than lower edge truncated elliptical patch which is acting as driver patch. Proposed arrangement of patches yield measured impedance bandwidth as high as 0.94 GHz with measured axial ratio bandwidth close to 3.33%. The measured gain and axial ratio results of proposed arrangement on patches are compared with simulated results. Co and cross polar patterns suggest that radiations are right circularly polarized in nature. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:947–952, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25846
Experimental validation of the NF–FF transformation with cylindrical scan from nonuniformly distributed data
Authors: Ferrara F. , Gennarelli C. , Guerriero R. , Migliozzi M. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe article concerns the experimental validation of two techniques for compensating the probe positioning errors in a near‐field–far‐field transformation with cylindrical scan using a nonredundant number of measurements.The former uses the singular value decomposition method and can be applied when the irregularly acquired samples lie on nonuniform rings, thus allowing to reduce the starting two‐dimensional problem into two independent one‐dimensional ones. The latter, based on an iterative technique, can be employed also when the previous hypothesis does not hold but requires the existence of a one‐to‐one correspondence, associating at each uniform sampling point the nearest irregular one. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:915–920, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25847
Synthesis of thinned linear antenna arrays using bees algorithm
Authors: Guney K. , Onay M. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIn this article, we propose a method based on the bees algorithm (BA) to synthesize thinned linear antenna arrays with low sidelobe level.The BA is an optimization algorithm inspired by the behavior of the honey bees to find the optimal way of harvesting food resources around the hive. Several examples with different thinning percentages are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results of BA are compared with the results of real coded genetic algorithm, ant colony optimization, and iterative Fourier technique. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:795–799, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25850
Dual band space‐FED microstrip antenna arrays with orthogonal polarization
Authors: Bhide Rahul , Kumar Girish 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA high gain dual band microstrip antenna array with orthogonal polarization is proposed using space‐fed configuration. The feed network in the array is eliminated which improves the efficiency. Simulated and measured results are presented. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:793–795, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25851
High‐integrated and small‐sized X‐band image rejection down‐converter MMIC using InGaP/GaAs HBT process
Authors: Wang Cong , Kim Nam‐Young 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA fully differential X‐band image rejection down‐converter is fabricated using Hartley architecture with a total chip area of 2.6 × 1.1 mm2 in InGaP/GaAs HBT monolithic microwave integrated circuit technology.This down‐converter consists of two single‐balanced mixers, a differential intermediate frequency (IF) amplifier, a local oscillator quadrature generator, a three‐stage polyphase filter, and a differential voltage‐controlled oscillator. This down‐converter yields an image rejection ratio of over 30 dB, a conversion gain of over 30 dB, a noise figure of less than 3.5 dB, and an output‐referred 1 dB compression power (P1dB,OUT) of 2.5 dBm in the IF range 0.9‐2 GHz. The broadband image rejection characteristics over a frequency range of 1.1 GHz with a current consumption of 35 mA are achieved. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:789–793, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25852
A new compact antenna for digital television reception based on the Eleven antenna
Authors: Wang Ruoyu , Yang Jian 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis article presents a new TV antenna based on the so‐called Eleven antenna for receiving digital television.The Eleven antenna is a log‐periodic folded dipole array, which can cover decade bandwidth. The new TV antenna, a variation of the Eleven antenna, is nearly planar and very compact, and therefore provides an additional alternative to the other common TV antennas like Yagi–Uda antenna and V‐dipole antenna. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:824–827, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25861
Modal characteristic equation and dispersion characteristics for an elliptical Bragg waveguide with a small number of claddings
Authors: Prajapati Y. , Singh Vivek , Saini J.P. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis article presents a rigorous analytical treatment of electromagnetic wave propagation in a new type of Bragg waveguide having elliptical core cross‐section surrounded by Bragg cladding layers. Using Maxwell's equations in elliptical coordinates, the field components are obtained that specially incorporate Mathieu (q > 0) and the modified Mathieu functions (q < 0). Using this equation the modal dispersion curves for even guided modes are obtained and plotted for different cladding eccentricity e. It is found that the dispersion curves are discontinuous and modes can exist only in particular wavelength bands. Finally, the modal birefringence in the said waveguide is also estimated. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:932–938, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25863
Small planar coplanar‐waveguide‐fed dual band‐notched monopole ultra‐wideband antenna
Authors: Trang Nguyen Dang , Lee Dong Hyun , Park Hyun Chang 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA small coplanar‐waveguide‐fed monopole ultra‐wideband antenna with dual band‐notched characteristics is presented. By using a modified ground plane, the bandwidth of the antenna is extended by 28%. Two types of simple slots, L‐shaped and semicircular, are cut in the radiating patch to create dual band‐notched characteristics in 3.3–3.7 GHz for WiMAX and 5.15–5.825 GHz for WLAN, respectively. A good agreement between measured and simulated results were observed, showing broadband matched impedances from 2.8 to >12 GHz with VSWR <2, except for the two notches. The antenna has a small size of 17× 23 mm2, a stable gain, and a nearly omnidirectional radiation pattern in the entire bandwidth. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:920–924, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25872
Reduced‐size UWB uniplanar tapered slot antennas without and with corrugations
Authors: Wang Yifan , Bakar Aslina , Bialkowski Marek 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis paper presents the design of compact uniplanar Tapered Slot Antennas (TSAs) without and with corrugations for operation in an ultra wide band (UWB) of 3.1–10.6 GHz.In the initial step, a conventional size‐reduced uniplanar TSA with an exponential taper is designed. The analysis of its radiation pattern shows that this TSA exhibits reduced directivity in the lower part of UWB. To overcome this shortfall, two modifications are investigated. One includes an introduction of constant or variable‐length narrow corrugations and the other one making elliptical cuts on conducting sides of the TSA. The modified TSAs maintain the initial UWB impedance characteristics. However, their behavior differs with respect to the radiation pattern and gain. The TSA with constant‐length corrugations shows similar radiation pattern characteristics as it's non‐modified predecessor while the TSA with variable‐length corrugations exhibits an almost constant directive radiation pattern across UWB. The gain of these two antennas oscillates with frequency leading to pulse distortion. The TSA with elliptical conductor cuts shows both constant directive properties and distortionless pulse transmission. This is confirmed by full‐wave EM simulations and measurements. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:830–836, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25878
Simple analytical calculation approach for input impedance of printed monopole and dipole antennas on thin substrate
Authors: Akan Volkan , Yazgan Erdem 
Published: February 2011

AbstractPrinted antennas are very popular for commercial and military RF (radio frequency)/microwave communication systems because there is an enormous evolution in printed circuit technology. In this study, printed monopole and filamentary excited dipole, which are basic models and easily applicable antennas within printed antennas, are analyzed, and analytical closed‐form relations have been obtained. The expressions obtained in this article have been verified by CST Microwave Studio simulation numerically, and experimentally measured and published results are available in the open literature. The compared results are close to each other. Therefore, these relations could be used as an initial design step just before detailed numerical analyses. Moreover, the given closed‐form formulations can be realized in CAD platforms easily for fast calculations. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:827–830, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25880
Novel microstrip dual‐band bandpass filter with wide stopband and high isolation
Authors: Guan Xuehui , Fu Wei , Li Guohui , Jiang Shan , Liu Haiwen 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA novel microstrip dual‐band bandpass filter (BPF) using spur‐line‐loaded stepped‐impedance resonator (SIR) is proposed in this letter.Anti‐parallel coupled microstrip line is used to realize the dual‐band coupling and produce a transmission zero within two passbands. High isolation between two passbands is achieved. A spur‐line is loaded to the SIR to eliminate the higher spurious frequencies of the resonator. A dual‐band BPF with central frequencies of 2.4 and 5.6 GHz is designed. The designed filter has a wide stopband below −20 dB from 6 GHz to 11 GHz. Isolation between two passbands is below −60 dB. All the theoretical analysis and design procedures are discussed. The predicted performance of the dual‐band BPF is confirmed in experiment. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:803–806, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25881
A 20–30 GHz divide‐by‐3 ring‐oscillator‐based injection locked frequency divider with a wide locking range
Authors: Seo Seungwoo , Seo Hyogi , Jeon Sanggeun , Rieh Jae‐Sung 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA 20–30 GHz divide‐by‐3 ring‐based injection locked frequency divider (ILFD) using NMOS loads for a wide locking range has been developed in a commercial 0.13‐μm Si RFCMOS technology.The ILFD shows a locking range up to 7.5 GHz (20.8−28.3 GHz, 30.5%) and operation range of 10 GHz (20.8–30.8 GHz, 38.8%) with DC power consumption of 13 mW and a 1.5 V supply voltage. The fabricated circuit occupies only 0.008 mm2 core area. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:389–841, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25883