bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cotorsion pairs and model structures on Ch(R)
Authors: Yang Gang , Liu Zhongkui 
Published: August 2011

AbstractWe show that if the given cotorsion pair $(\mathcal{A},\mathcal{B})$ in the category of modules is complete and hereditary, then both of the induced cotorsion pairs in the category of complexes are complete. We also give a cofibrantly generated model structure that can be regarded as a generalization of the projective model structure.
The morphology and genetic characterization of Iheringascaris goai n. sp. (Nematoda: Raphidascarididae) from the intestine of the silver whiting and spotted catfish off the central west coast of India
Authors: Malhotra A. , Jaiswal N. , Malakar A.K. , Verma M.S. , Singh H.R. , Lakra W.S. , Malhotra S.K. , Shamsi S. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractIn this study a new species of nematode, Iheringascaris goai n. sp., is reported from two fish hosts, including silver whiting, Sillago sihama, and spotted catfish, Arius maculatus, caught off the Central West Coast of India at Goa. The new species can be differentiated morphologically from I. inquies, the most closely related species collected from cohabiting marine fish. The distinguishing characteristics are distinct cuticular striations, a unilateral excretory system, the presence of dentigerous ridges on the inner margin of the lips and the ratio of oesophagus to body length. In males, the ratio of spicules to body length is higher and the number of pre-anal papillae is less in comparison to those in I. inquies. In addition, the tail curves ventrad in males, while in females, the vulva is post-equatorial. The sequence alignment of 18S rDNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I with sequences of known species selected from the same superfamily shows a significant difference. The morphological and molecular differences reported here can, therefore, be used to assign the specimen to a new species.
Religiosity and resilience in persons at high risk for major depression
Authors: Kasen S. , Wickramaratne P. , Gameroff M. J. , Weissman M. M. 
Published: August 2011

BackgroundFew studies have examined religiosity as a protective factor using a longitudinal design to predict resilience in persons at high risk for major depressive disorder (MDD).MethodHigh-risk offspring selected for having a depressed parent and control offspring of non-depressed parents were evaluated for psychiatric disorders in childhood/adolescence and at 10-year and 20-year follow-ups. Religious/spiritual importance, services attendance and negative life events (NLEs) were assessed at the 10-year follow-up. Models tested differences in relationships between religiosity/spirituality and subsequent disorders among offspring based on parent depression status, history of prior MDD and level of NLE exposure. Resilience was defined as lower odds for disorders with greater religiosity/spirituality in higher-riskversuslower-risk offspring.ResultsIncreased attendance was associated with significantly reduced odds for mood disorder (by 43%) and any psychiatric disorder (by 53%) in all offspring; however, odds were significantly lower in offspring of non-depressed parents than in offspring of depressed parents. In analyses confined to offspring of depressed parents, those with high and those with average/low NLE exposure were compared: increased attendance was associated with significantly reduced odds for MDD, mood disorder and any psychiatric disorder (by 76, 69 and 64% respectively) and increased importance was associated with significantly reduced odds for mood disorder (by 74%) only in offspring of depressed parents with high NLE exposure. Moreover, those associations differed significantly between offspring of depressed parents with high NLE exposure and offspring of depressed parents with average/low NLE exposure.ConclusionsGreater religiosity may contribute to development of resilience in certain high-risk individuals.
Dynamic task allocation in cooperative robot teams
Authors: Tsalatsanis Athanasios , Yalcin Ali , Valavanis Kimon. P. 
Published: August 2011

SUMMARYIn this paper, a dynamic task allocation and controller design methodology for cooperative robot teams is presented. Fuzzy-logic-based utility functions are derived to quantify each robot's ability to perform a task. These utility functions are used to allocate tasks in real time through a limited lookahead control methodology partially based on the basic principles of discrete event supervisory control theory. The proposed controller design methodology accommodates flexibility in task assignments, robot coordination, and tolerance to robot failures and repairs. Implementation details of the proposed methodology are demonstrated through a warehouse patrolling case study.
Effects of a cooling collar on affect, ratings of perceived exertion, and running performance in the heat
Authors: Minniti Antoinette , Tyler Christopher J. , Sunderland Caroline 
Published: August 2011

AbstractDuring prolonged exercise, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and affect (pleasure; activation) play an important role in performance, especially in hot conditions. Although various mechanisms have been tried to manage the effects of heat (e.g. cooling jackets), the purpose of the current research was to assess the effect of a cooling collar on RPE, affect, thermal sensation, and running performance in the heat. Participants (n =8) wore a cold collar, uncooled collar or no collar as they completed three 90‐min preloaded treadmill time‐trials in the heat (30.5±0.1°C), which included 75 min at ∼60% [Vdot]O2max followed by a 15‐min time‐trial. Affect, RPE, and thermal sensation were measured throughout. Performance during the time‐trial was significantly improved in the cold collar compared with the uncooled collar and no‐collar trials; however, pleasure and activation ratings were highest for the no‐collar trial. Findings suggest that a cooling collar may improve performance, but not necessarily “feel good”. Practically, it seems necessary to ensure sufficient education about the benefits, on balance, of the cold collar, while the performance improvements outweighed the reported discomfort of athletes in this study. In addition, the cold collar may prove quite beneficial for individuals who work in hot climates and or conditions, as it may be effective in minimizing discomfort associated with heat for other groups as well.
Comparison of anthropometric characteristics and sprint start performance between elite adolescent and adult sprint athletes
Authors: Aerenhouts Dirk , Delecluse Christophe , Hagman Friso , Taeymans Jan , Debaere Sofie , Van Gheluwe Bart , Clarys Peter 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the physical characteristics and somatotype of junior and senior athletes in relation to sprint start and acceleration performance. Nineteen female junior, 23 male junior, 9 female senior, and 16 male senior sprint athletes performed three maximal 20‐m sprints. The starting blocks were instrumented to measure forward propulsion forces. Running velocity was measured by a laser positioned behind the athlete at 1 m height. Anthropometric measures were used to calculate somatotype and skeletal muscle mass. Body composition was estimated by underwater weighing densitometry. Junior and senior athletes were of similar height in both sexes. Male seniors were heavier, had larger limb circumferences, and a higher skeletal muscle mass than male juniors. Only the limb circumferences of the female seniors were larger than those of the female juniors. Female juniors were balanced ectomorphs, while female seniors were situated centrally on the somatochart (2.7–2.2–3.9 vs. 2.6–3.1–3.1; P=0.772, 0.047, and 0.066 respectively). Male juniors were mesomorphic ectomorphs, while male seniors were ectomorphic mesomorphs (1.8–3.3–3.6 vs. 1.6–4.2–2.8; P=0.148, 0.002, and 0.002 respectively). All sprint starts were similar for the junior and senior athletes of both sexes. Senior athletes accelerated more than the junior athletes, which resulted in higher running velocities after 5 m (senior vs. junior: females, 5.51±0.32 vs. 6.01±0.27 m · s–1, P=0.001; males, 5.85±0.38 vs. 6.13±0.44 m · s–1, P=0.043). The greater muscularity of senior compared with junior athletes did not result in better sprint start dynamics, but they did accelerate more and ran faster. These results show that late‐adolescent boys in particular are still developing their muscularity. The technical complexity of the sprint start and the negative influence of a higher body mass may partly explain the comparable sprint start dynamics of the junior and senior athletes. We suggest that strength training should be combined with sufficient attention to technical skills to allow a positive transfer.
Secondary warm‐up following stretching on vertical jumping, change of direction, and straight line speed
Authors: Pearce Alan J. , Latella Christopher , Kidgell Dawson J. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe aim of this study was to build on previous conflicting research on performance following stretching and secondary activity post‐stretching. Using a randomized, cross‐over design, 15 male participants completed a 5‐min warm‐up jog, followed by a maximal vertical jump (VJ1) and a repetitive five‐repetition jump (VJ5) on a force mat, an intervention (static stretching, dynamic range of movement stretching, or no‐stretching control), then a second maximal vertical jump and repetitive five‐repetition jump, followed by a change of direction test (505 test) and a straight line sprint (20‐m). Two‐way analysis of variance with repeated measures showed significant time and group × time interaction effects for both mean maximal VJ1 and VJ5 jump heights (P<0.001). Time course changes showed VJ1 jump height following static stretching was significantly reduced (7%) compared with the dynamic and control conditions, which improved by 5.0% and 3.9% (P = 0.02 and P = 0.04) respectively. Following the second bout of movement activity, VJ1 jump height had improved, but was not significantly different from baseline value (P = 0.11). Similarly, VJ5 jump height following static stretching was significantly reduced (6.2%) compared with the dynamic and control conditions, which showed improvements of 6.7% and 7.5% (P = 0.04 and P = 0.01) respectively. After the second bout of movement activity, mean VJ5 jump height for the static stretching group returned to baseline values (P = 0.84), while further improvements were observed in the dynamic (3.2%) and control groups (2.2%) (P = 0.01 and P = 0.04 respectively). Significant improvements in the 505 test were observed in the dynamic and control conditions, in both legs (range 2.45–3.67%; P<0.001), compared with the static stretching condition. Although sprint time improved following the second bout of movement activity, no differences were observed in the 20‐m sprint between conditions. The results of this study confirm previous findings that static stretching reduces vertical jump height that is not reversed with follow‐up movement activity. Moreover, the results show that activities requiring rapid changes of direction and speed may also be affected if preceded by a bout of static stretching, and is not reversed with follow‐up movement activities.
Maximal lactate steady‐state and anaerobic thresholds from different methods in cyclists
Authors: Grossl Talita , De Lucas Ricardo Dantas , De Souza Kristopher Mendes , Antonacci Guglielmo Luiz Guilherme 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe lactate anaerobic threshold (AT) determined during an incremental test has been used generally to estimate the maximal lactate steady‐state intensity (MLSSint) in several sports. Furthermore, this index could be useful to predict the time‐trial cycling performance and also to prescribe training intensity to enhance aerobic capacity. The aim of this study was to compare three different AT estimations with actual MLSSint in trained cyclists. Fourteen trained cyclists participated in this study. They had previously performed a maximal incremental cycling test (35 W increments each 3 min) in a laboratory followed by three to five visits to measure the MLSSint (30‐min tests). Blood lactate concentration ([La]), oxygen uptake ([Vdot]O2), and heart rate (HR) were measured during all tests. Based on the incremental test, we calculated three ATs using different proposed methods: AT1‐intensity corresponds to fixed [La]; AT2‐minimum equivalent of the blood lactate‐power output relationship plus 1.5 mmol·L−1; AT3‐power output of the stage antecedent to the second lactate increase of at least 0.5 mmol·L−1 above the previous values, where the second increase was greater than the first. The MLSSint was determined for each participant as the highest power output that could be maintained with [La] fluctuating less than 1 mmol·L−1 during the final 20 min of the steady‐state tests. ANOVA with repeated measures was used to compare physiological variables in the different methods. The relationship between the MLSSint and the power output of AT1, AT2, and AT3 was analysed using Pearson product‐moment correlation coefficients. In addition, we calculated the bias and limits of agreement between the three different methods with actual MLSSint. The mean±s values of power output related to MLSSint, AT1, AT2, and AT3 were 247±33 W, 258±39 W, 248±35 W, and 230±36 W, respectively. The results showed that AT3 underestimated (P <0.05) the MLSSint for most of the participants and provided lower mean values compared with AT1 and AT2. Furthermore, AT2 seems to be more accurate to estimate MLSSint than other methods here verified when we analysed the mean values, correlation coefficient (r = 0.94), and Bland‐Altman limits of agreement (± 9.5%). The AT1 also provided good prediction values, although it presented with a trend to overestimate MLSSint. Therefore, considering the methods analysed in the current study and the importance of this submaximal aerobic index to flat time‐trials and prolonged uphill cycling performance, the AT2 method could be used with good accuracy by coaches and athletes.
Role of N2 molecules in pulse discharge production of I atoms for a pulsed chemical oxygen–iodine laser
Authors: Kochetov I V , Napartovich A P , Vagin N P , Yuryshev N N 
Published: August 2011

A pulsed electric discharge is the most effective means to turn chemical oxygen–iodine laser (COIL) operation into the pulse mode by fast production of iodine atoms. Experimental studies and numerical simulations are performed on a pulsed COIL initiated by an electric discharge in a mixture CF3I : N2 : O2(3
X) : O2(a
1Δg) flowing out of a chemical singlet oxygen generator. A transverse pulsed discharge is realized at various iodide pressures. The model comprises a system of kinetic equations for neutral and charged species, the electric circuit equation, the gas thermal balance equation and the photon balance equation. Reaction rate coefficients for processes involving electrons are repeatedly re-calculated by the electron Boltzmann equation solver when the plasma parameters are changed. The processes accounted for in the Boltzmann equation include direct and stepwise excitation and ionization of atoms and molecules, dissociation of molecules, electron attachment processes, electron–ion recombination, electron–electron collisions and second-kind collisions. The last processes are particularly important because of a high singlet oxygen concentration in gas flow from the singlet oxygen chemical generator. A conclusion is drawn about satisfactory agreement between the theory and the experiment.
AlGaN/GaN-based HEMTs for electrical stimulation of neuronal cell cultures
Authors: Witte H , Warnke C , Voigt T , de Lima A , Ivanov I , Vidakovic-Koch T R , Sundmacher K , Krost A 
Published: August 2011

Unipolar source–drain voltage pulses of GaN/AlGaN-high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) were used for stimulation of cultured neuronal networks obtained from embryonic rat cerebral cortex. The HEMT sensor was grown by metal organic vapour phase epitaxy on a 2 inch sapphire substrate consisting of 10 single HEMTs concentrically arranged around the wafer centre. Electrolytic reactions between the HEMT sensor surface and the culture medium were not detected using cyclic voltammetry.
During voltage pulses and resulting neuronal excitation, capacitances were recharged giving indications of the contributions of the AlGaN and AlO
x
isolation layers between the two-dimensional electron gas channel and the neuron culture. The resulting threshold current for stimulation of neuron activity strongly depended on the culture and HEMT position on the sensor surface under consideration which was caused by different impedances of each neuron culture and position within the culture. The differences of culture impedances could be explained by variations of composition, thickness and conductivity of the culture areas.
On quasi-reductive group schemes
Authors: Prasad Gopal , Yu Jiu-Kang 
Published: August 2011

This paper was motivated by a question of Vilonen, and the main results have been used by Mirković and Vilonen to give a geometric interpretation of the dual group (as a Chevalley group over

Z

)

\mathbb {Z})

of a reductive group. We define a quasi-reductive group over a discrete valuation ring

R
R

to be an affine flat group scheme over

R
R

such that (i) the fibers are of finite type and of the same dimension; (ii) the generic fiber is smooth and connected, and (iii) the identity component of the reduced special fiber is a reductive group. We show that such a group scheme is of finite type over

R
R

, the generic fiber is a reductive group, the special fiber is connected, and the group scheme is smooth over

R
R

in most cases, for example when the residue characteristic is not 2, or when the generic fiber and reduced special fiber are of the same type as reductive groups. We also obtain results about group schemes over a Dedekind scheme or a Noetherian scheme. We show that in residue characteristic 2 there are non-smooth quasi-reductive group schemes with generic fiber

SO

2
n
+
1

\operatorname {SO}_{2n+1}

and they can be classified when

R
R

is strictly Henselian.
The Witten top Chern class via 𝐾-theory
Authors: Chiodo Alessandro 
Published: August 2011

The Witten top Chern class is the crucial cohomology class needed to state a conjecture by Witten relating the Gelfand–Dikiĭ hierarchies to higher spin curves. In the paper by Polishchuk and Vaintrob (Contemp. Math., vol. 276, Amer. Math. Soc., 2001, pp. 229–249) an algebraic construction of such a class is provided. We present a more straightforward construction via

K
K

-theory. In this way we short-circuit the passage through bivariant intersection theory and the use of MacPherson’s graph construction. Furthermore, we show that the Witten top Chern class admits a natural lifting to the

K
K

-theory ring.
The generalized de Rham-Witt complex over a field is a complex of zero-cycles
Authors: Rülling Kay 
Published: August 2011

Bloch and Esnault defined additive higher Chow groups with modulus

m
m

on the level of zero cycles over a field

k
k

denoted by

CH
n

(
(

A

k
1

,
(
m
+
1
)
{
0
}
)
,
n
−
1
)

\text {CH}^n((\mathbb {A}^1_k,(m+1)\{0\}),n-1)

,

n
,
m
≥
1

n,m\ge 1

. Bloch and Esnault prove

CH
n

(
(

A

k
1

,
2
{
0
}
)
,
n
−
1
)
≅

Ω

k

/

Z

n
−
1

\text {CH}^n((\mathbb {A}^1_k,2\{0\}),n-1)\cong \Omega ^{n-1}_{k/\mathbb {Z}}

. In this paper we generalize their result and prove that the additive Chow groups with higher modulus form a generalized Witt complex over

k
k

and are as such isomorphic to the generalized de Rham-Witt complex of Bloch-Deligne-Hesselholt-Illusie-Madsen.
A non-Archimedean analogue of the Hodge-𝒟-conjecture for products of elliptic curves
Authors: Sreekantan Ramesh 
Published: August 2011

In this paper we show that the map\[∂:CH2(E1×E2,1)⊗Q⟶PCH1(Xv)\partial :CH^2(E_1 \times E_2,1)\otimes \mathbb {Q} \longrightarrow PCH^1(\mathcal {X}_v)\]is surjective, whereE1E_1andE2E_2are two non-isogenous semistable elliptic curves over a local field,CH2(E1×E2,1)CH^2(E_1 \times E_2,1)is one of Bloch’s higher Chow groups andPCH1(Xv)PCH^1(\mathcal {X}_v)is a certain subquotient of a Chow group of the special fibreXv\mathcal {X}_{v}of a semi-stable modelX\mathcal {X}ofE1×E2E_1 \times E_2. On one hand, this can be viewed as a non-Archimedean analogue of the Hodge-D\mathcal {D}-conjecture of Beilinson - which is known to be true in this case by the work of Chen and Lewis (J. Algebraic Geom.14(2005), 213–240), and on the other, an analogue of the works of Speiß (KK-Theory17(1999), 363–383), Mildenhall (Duke Math. J.67(1992), 387–406) and Flach (Invent. Math.109(1992), 307–327) in the case when the elliptic curves have split multiplicative reduction.
On the notion of geometry over 𝔽₁
Authors: Connes Alain , Consani Caterina 
Published: August 2011

We refine the notion of variety over the “field with one element” developed by C. Soulé by introducing a grading in the associated functor to the category of sets, and show that this notion becomes compatible with the geometric viewpoint developed by J. Tits. We then solve an open question of C. Soulé by proving, using results of J. Tits and C. Chevalley, that Chevalley group schemes are examples of varieties over a quadratic extension of the above “field”.
A framework for analytical characterization of monoclonal antibodies based on reactivity profiles in different tissues
Authors: Rossin Elizabeth , Lin Tsung-I , Ho Hsiu J. , Mentzer Steven J. , Pyne Saumyadipta 
Published: August 2011

AbstractMotivation: Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are among the most powerful and important tools in biology and medicine. MAb development is of great significance to many research and clinical applications. Therefore, objective mAb classification is essential for categorizing and comparing mAb panels based on their reactivity patterns in different cellular species. However, typical flow cytometric mAb profiles present unique modeling challenges with their non-Gaussian features and intersample variations. It makes accurate mAb classification difficult to do with the currently used kernel-based or hierarchical clustering techniques.Results: To address these challenges, in the present study we developed a formal two-step framework called mAbprofiler for systematic, parametric characterization of mAb profiles. Further, we measured the reactivity of hundreds of new antibodies in diverse tissues using flow cytometry, which we successfully classified using mAbprofiler.First, mAbprofiler fits a mAb's flow cytometric histogram with a finite mixture model of skew t distributions that is robust against non-Gaussian features, and constructs a precise, smooth and mathematically rigorous profile. Then it performs novel curve clustering of the fitted mAb profiles using a skew t mixture of non-linear regression model that can handle intersample variation. Thus, mAbprofiler provides a new framework for identifying robust mAb classes, all well defined by distinct parametric templates, which can be used for classifying new mAb samples. We validated our classification results both computationally and empirically using mAb profiles of known classification.Availability and Implementation: A demonstration code in R is available at the journal website. The R code implementing the full framework is available from the author website – http://amath.nchu.edu.tw/www/teacher/tilin/softwareContact: saumyadipta_pyne@dfci.harvard.eduSupplementary Information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.