bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human–mouse comparison of the multistage nature of radiation carcinogenesis in a mathematical model
Authors: Imaoka Tatsuhiko , Tanaka Satoshi , Tomita Masanori , Doi Kazutaka , Sasatani Megumi , Suzuki Keiji , Yamada Yutaka , Kakinuma Shizuko , Kai Michiaki 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMouse models are vital for assessing risk from environmental carcinogens, including ionizing radiation, yet the interspecies difference in the dose response precludes direct application of experimental evidence to humans. Herein, we take a mathematical approach to delineate the mechanism underlying the human–mouse difference in radiation‐related cancer risk. We used a multistage carcinogenesis model assuming a mutational action of radiation to analyze previous data on cancer mortality in the Japanese atomic bomb survivors and in lifespan mouse experiments. Theoretically, the model predicted that exposure will chronologically shift the age‐related increase in cancer risk forward by a period corresponding to the time in which the spontaneous mutational process generates the same mutational burden as that the exposure generates. This model appropriately fitted both human and mouse data and suggested a linear dose response for the time shift. The effect per dose decreased with increasing age at exposure similarly between humans and mice on a per‐lifespan basis (0.72‐ and 0.71‐fold, respectively, for every tenth lifetime). The time shift per dose was larger by two orders of magnitude in humans (7.8 and 0.046 years per Gy for humans and mice, respectively, when exposed at ~35% of their lifetime). The difference was mostly explained by the two orders of magnitude difference in spontaneous somatic mutation rates between the species plus the species‐independent radiation‐induced mutation rate. Thus, the findings delineate the mechanism underlying the interspecies difference in radiation‐associated cancer mortality and may lead to the use of experimental evidence for risk prediction in humans.
Effect of different substituted groups on excited state intramolecular proton transfer of BOHMB
Authors: Song Yaodong , Wang Qianting 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe photophysical features of 3‐(benzo[d]oxazol‐2‐yl)‐2‐hydroxy‐5‐methoxy benzaldehyde (BOHMB) were investigated through experimental (J. Phys. Chem. A 2019, 123, 10,246–10,253) and theoretical (Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 2022, 266, 120,406) methods. However, the effect of substituent groups on the excited state proton transfer process has not been studied. In this work, the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) dynamics and photophysical properties of BOHMB with different substituent groups were investigated by density‐functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent DFT (TDDFT) methods at CAM‐B3LYP/6‐311G(d,p) level. The primary parameters related to hydrogen bonding and infrared vibration frequency were obtained to understand the ESIPT properties of BOHMB derivatives. The results indicate that the excited‐state intramolecular hydrogen bond (ESIHB) strengthening behaviors, and the intramolecular hydrogen bond O1–H2···O3 for 1a in the S1 state is the strongest among BOHMB derivatives. From the calculated potential energy curves, it can be inferred that the substitution and position of NH2 and NO2 groups will regulate the excited‐state energy barrier and thus affect the ESIPT process. The molecular absorption peak and fluorescence peak are affected by different substituting groups and different positions.
暑熱環境下の塗膜剥離作業中に，同時に3名の重症ベンジルアルコール中毒が発生した事案(A case of severe benzyl alcohol intoxication of three persons simultaneously during a coating removal operation in a hot environment)
Authors: 史生 伊藤 , 功 高橋 , 恭司 大江 , 美有紀 糟谷 , 亮 柴田 , 朱門 加藤 , 昭 奈女良 
Published: May 2024

要旨暑熱環境下におけるNE–1®（ベンジルアルコール55−65%含有）を用いた，塗膜剥離作業中に同時に3名の患者が意識障害を来し，救急搬送された。患者Aは25歳の男性。来院時のバイタルサインはGCS E1V1M1，呼吸数30/分，血圧151/91mmHg，脈拍123/分，SpO2 100%（高濃度マスク10L），体温36.2度であった。気管挿管，人工呼吸管理を実施した。患者Bは23歳の男性。バイタルサインはGCS E1V1M4，呼吸数28/分，SpO2 99%（高濃度マスク10L），ほか特記すべき異常なし。患者Bも気管挿管された。患者A，Bともに翌日には意識レベルが改善し，抜管した。患者Cは21歳の男性。バイタルサインはGCS E4V3M6，ほか特記すべき異常なし。入院後不穏状態になり，鎮静管理を要した。3名とも入院日に代謝性アシドーシスと高カリウム血症を来したが，対症療法で軽快した。その後大きな合併症なく，全員第7病日に独歩退院した。病歴，症状，尿中馬尿酸からベンジルアルコール中毒と臨床診断し，後日ベンジルアルコールの血中濃度を測定し，確定診断した。ベンジルアルコール中毒は重症化するが，特異的な治療法はなく，適切な気道確保と全身管理が重要である。またベンジルアルコールの吸入事故は暑熱環境下に発生する事例が多く，熱中症との関連についても考察した。
Tibiofemoral bone configuration is not associated with hamstring muscle strength in male and female patients with ACL reconstruction
Authors: Centner Christoph , Fiedler Carolin , Heitner Albrecht H. , Paul Jochen , Imhoff Florian B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposePrevious evidence indicated that the tibiofemoral bone configuration might elevate the risk of an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Furthermore, a low hamstring‐to‐quadriceps muscle ratio predisposes especially females to unfavourable knee kinematics. The primary objective of the present study was to investigate sex‐specific associations between tibiofemoral bone geometry and isokinetic knee flexion torque in patients with primary ACL injury followed by ACL reconstruction.MethodsN = 100 patients (72 = male, 28 = female, age = 31.3 ± 10.2, body mass index = 25.3 ± 3.6) with primary ACL rupture with isokinetic knee flexion torque assessments before and 6 months after ACL reconstruction surgery were analysed. Magnetic resonance imaging scans were analysed for medial posterior tibial slope (MPTS) and lateral posterior tibial slope, notch width index (NWI) and lateral femoral condyle index (LFCI). Additionally, isokinetic knee flexion torque (60°/s) and hamstring–quadriceps ratios were evaluated. Subsequently, functional parameters were correlated with imaging data for gender subgroups.ResultsThe findings showed that presurgical isokinetic knee flexion torque was not associated with any marker of femoral or tibial bone geometry. Further, while significant differences were observed between female (0.883 ± 0.31 Nm/kg) and male (1.18 ± 0.35 Nm/kg) patients regarding preoperative normalized knee flexion torque (p < 0.001), no significant sex differences were found for percentage increases in normalized knee flexion torque from presurgery to postsurgery. Generally, female patients demonstrated significantly higher MPTS magnitudes (p < 0.05) and lower LFCI values (p < 0.05) compared to men.ConclusionThe present results demonstrated no association between tibial or femoral bone geometry and muscle strength of the hamstrings in patients with ACL reconstruction, indicating an important mismatch of muscular compensation to deviations in bone geometry. There were no sex‐specific differences in tibiofemoral bone parameters.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Dynamic mechanism of check dams on evolution of river corridors based on UAV telemetry combined with numerical simulations
Authors: Zhou Shixuan , Li Peng , Feng Yangfan , Guo Jiajia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCheck dams are a critical soil and water conservation engineering measure in gullies that significantly influence erosion, transportation, and sediment accumulation. Check dams help reduce erosion in the upstream area, ignoring the off‐site erosion reduction capacity due to erosion dynamics, and it also alters the morphology of gullies. The morphology of the gully cross‐section from the head to the inlet of the gully is mainly “V” shaped, “V, U,” transitional shaped, “U” shaped and trapezoidal shaped. The construction of check dams can force the geomorphologic evolution of the sub‐watershed to accelerate the transition to “old age” and reduce the allocation of sediment initiation during field sub‐flooding, thus promoting sediment deposition processes. The percentage of downstream scour hours in watersheds where check dams were constructed was 0.65% and 0.80%, respectively, compared to 19.78% and 19.06% in watersheds where there are no check dams. The results reveal the role check dam constructions play in gully morphology evolution from a hydrodynamic perspective and fill the gaps in off‐site erosion reduction, providing theoretical support for assessing the role of check dams in soil and water conservation work.
Copolymerization of β‐Butyrolactones into Functionalized Polyhydroxyalkanoates Using Aluminum Catalysts: Influence of the Initiator in the Ring‐Opening Polymerization Mechanism
Authors: Palenzuela Miguel , Mula Esther , Blanco Carlos , Sessini Valentina , Shakaroun Rama M. , Li Hui , Guillaume Sophie M. , Mosquera Marta E. G. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWithin bioplastics, natural poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) stands out as fully biocompatible and biodegradable, even in marine environments; however, its high isotacticity and crystallinity limits its mechanical properties and hence its applications. PHB can also be synthesized with different tacticities via a catalytic ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of rac‐β‐butyrolactone (BBL), paving the way to PHB with better thermomechanical and processability properties. In this work, the catalyst family is extended based on aluminum phenoxy‐imine methyl catalyst [AlMeL2], that reveals efficient in the ROP of BBL, to the halogeno analogous complex [AlClL2]. As well, the impact on the ROP mechanism of different initiators is further explored with a particular focus in dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), a hardly studied initiator for the ROP of BBL. A thorough mechanistic study is performed that evidences the presence of two concomitant DMAP‐mediated mechanisms, that lead to either a DMAP or a crotonate end‐capping group. Besides, in order to increase the possibilities of PHB post‐polymerization functionalization, the introduction of a side‐chain functionality is explored, establishing the copolymerization of BBL with β‐allyloxymethylene propiolactone (BPLOAll), resulting in well‐defined P(BBL‐co‐BPLOAll) copolymers.
Turn‐On Solid‐State Fluorescent Determination of Zinc Ion by Quinoline‐Based Covalent Organic Framework
Authors: García‐Arroyo Paloma , Gala Elena , Martínez‐Fernández Marcos , Salagre Elena , Martínez José I. , Michel Enrique G. , Segura José L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA new quinoline‐based COF (covalent organic framework), obtained by Povarov reaction, containing 2,6‐diisopropylphenyl moieties as substituents over the heterocyclic ring is described for detecting Zn2+ in aqueous solution. The introduction of the mentioned bulky phenyl rings into the network favors an increase of the distance between the reticular sheets and their arrangement, obtaining a new material with an alternating AB type stacking. The new material exhibits good selectivity to detect Zn2+ by fluorescence emission in aqueous solutions up to a concentration of 1.2 × 10−4 m of the metal ion. In order to have a deeper insight into the interaction between the COF and the zinc cation, a thorough spectroscopical, microscopical, and theoretical study is also presented and discussed in this communication.
Monomer‐Recyclable Polyester from CO2 and 1,3‐Butadiene
Authors: Xu Jialin , Niu Yuxuan , Lin Bo‐Lin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSynthesis of monomer‐recyclable polyesters solely from CO2 and bulk olefins holds great potential in significantly reducing CO2 emissions and addressing the issue of plastic pollution. Due to the kinetic disadvantage of direct copolymerization of CO2 and bulk olefins compared to homopolymerization of bulk olefins, considerable research attention has been devoted to synthesis of polyester via the ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of a six‐membered disubstituted lactone intermediate, 1,2‐ethylidene‐6‐vinyl‐tetrahydro‐2H‐pyran‐2‐one (𝜹‐L), obtained from telomerization of CO2 and 1,3‐butadiene. However, the conjugate olefin on the six‐membered ring of 𝜹‐L leads to serious Michael addition side reactions. Thus, the selective ROP of 𝜹‐L, which can precisely control the repeating unit for the production of polyesters potentially amenable to efficient monomer recycling, remains an unresolved challenge. Herein, the first example of selective ROP of 𝜹‐L is reported using a combination of organobase and N,N′‐Bis[3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]urea as the catalytic system. Systematic modifications of the substituent of the urea show that the presence of electron‐deficient 3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)‐phenyl groups is the key to the extraordinary selectivity of ring opening over Michael addition. Efficient monomer recovery of oligo(𝜹‐L) is also achieved under mild catalytic conditions.
Late cognitive and adaptive outcomes of patients with neuroblastoma‐associated opsoclonus‐myoclonus‐ataxia‐syndrome: A report from the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Kumar Prerna , Willard Victoria W. , Embry Leanne , Naranjo Arlene , LaBarre Brian , Matthay Katherine K. , de Alarcon Pedro A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundOpsoclonus‐myoclonus‐ataxia syndrome (OMAS) is a rare autoimmune disorder of the nervous system presenting with abnormal eye and limb movements, altered gait, and increased irritability. Two to four percent of children diagnosed with neuroblastoma have neuroblastoma‐associated OMAS (NA‐OMAS). These children typically present with non‐high‐risk neuroblastoma that is cured with surgery, with or without chemotherapy. Despite excellent overall survival, patients with NA‐OMAS can have significant persistent neurological and developmental issues.ObjectiveThis study aimed to describe long‐term neurocognitive and adaptive functioning of patients with NA‐OMAS treated with multimodal therapy, including intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) on Children's Oncology Group (COG) protocol ANBL00P3.MethodsOf 53 children enrolled on ANBL00P3, 25 submitted evaluable neurocognitive data at diagnosis and at least one additional time point within 2 years and were included in the analyses. Adaptive development was assessed via the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale, and validated, age‐appropriate measures of intellectual function were also administered.ResultsTwenty‐one of the 25 patients in this cohort ultimately received IVIG. Descriptive spaghetti plots suggest that this cohort demonstrated stable long‐term cognitive functioning and adaptive development over time. This cohort also demonstrated decreased OMAS scores over time consistent with improved OMAS symptoms.ConclusionsWhile statistical significance is limited by small sample size and loss to follow‐up over 10 years, findings suggest stable long‐term cognitive and adaptive functioning over time in this treated cohort.
Castor‐oil derived polyurethane/barium titanate piezoelectric smart composite coatings for energy harvesting applications: Prediction and experimental characterization of electro‐elastic properties
Authors: Baidya Kabir , Kumar Abhishek , Roy Amritendu , Das Kaushik 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSustainable and environment‐friendly polymer composite smart paints/coatings with polyurethane (PU) derived from castor‐oil (CO) as the matrix and barium titanate (BTO) microparticles as piezo‐active inclusions (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 vol.%) have been prepared employing ultrasonication and solvent casting, followed by contact DC poling method. Relative dielectric constants varied from 5.26 ± 0.37 for pristine COPU to 8.9 ± 0.36 for COPU/10 vol.% BTO composite, at a frequency of 1 kHz. Piezoelectric strain constant d33 of the poled films varied from 0.0 pC/N for pristine castor‐oil based polyurethane (COPU) to 1.2 pC/N for COPU/10 vol.% BTO (CPBT‐5) composite. Tensile tests showed that the elastic modulus varied from 1.98 ± 0.003 MPa for pristine COPU to 5.13 ± 0.02 MPa for COPU/10 vol.% BTO composite. Dynamic mechanical analysis confirmed the viscoelastic nature of the smart paints. Measurement of current–voltage response under different compressive loads indicates that COPU/10 vol.% BTO composite can generate a current of ~28 nA and voltage of ~8 V under a dynamic compressive load of 40 N, applied at a frequency of 1 Hz. These experiments were complemented by Fourier transform infra‐red spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, finite element analyses based on periodic boundary conditions have been performed to predict the effective electro‐elastic properties of these piezoelectric smart composite coatings.Highlights
Castor‐oil‐based PU piezoelectric composites with BTO inclusions were developed.
Increase in BTO content up to 10 vol.% increases dielectric constant by ~1.7 times.
COPU/BTO composites exhibit significantly increased piezoelectric response.
Elastic and viscoelastic properties are also enhanced with increasing BTO content.
Finite element models show a good match with experimental results.
The interplay of exercise and polyphenols in cancer treatment: A focus on oxidative stress and antioxidant mechanisms
Authors: Wang Yubing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractExercise has been demonstrated to induce an elevated production of free radicals, leading to the onset of oxidative stress. Numerous studies highlight the positive impacts of aerobic exercise, primarily attributed to the increase in overall antioxidant capacity. The evidence suggests that engaging in aerobic exercise contributes to a reduction in the likelihood of advanced cancer and mortality. Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between the generation of free radicals and the collective antioxidant defense system, encompassing both enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants. Typically, oxidative stress triggers the formation of reactive oxygen or nitrogen species, instigating or advancing various issues in cancers and other diseases. The pro‐oxidant‐antioxidant balance serves as a direct measure of this imbalance in oxidative stress. Polyphenols contain a variety of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, flavanols, and phenolic acids, conferring antioxidant properties. Previous research highlights the potential of polyphenols as antioxidants, with documented effects on reducing cancer risk by influencing processes such as proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. This is primarily attributed to their recognized antioxidant capabilities. Considering the extensive array of signaling pathways associated with exercise and polyphenols, this overview will specifically focus on oxidative stress, the antioxidant efficacy of polyphenols and exercise, and their intricate interplay in cancer treatment.
Plastic Versus Bioplastic as Packaging for Sanitary Products: The Environmental Impacts Comparison
Authors: Stefanini Roberta , Paini Arianna , Vignali Giuseppe 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTPlastic or bioplastic? Which is the least impactful flexible packaging solution for the environment? In literature, few works try to answer this question, and most of them are focused on food packaging applications, comparing only polylactic acid (PLA) with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or other virgin plastics. Besides these lacks in the literature, this work aims at contributing to the scientific knowledge, helping in the meanwhile packaging companies to choose the best solution also for hygienic and sanitary applications as far as the environmental impact is concerned. The study is focused on the life cycle assessment of four solutions made of maize starch, PLA and polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT), low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) and a recycled LDPE (R‐LDPE). The functional unit was a flexible packaging containing 10 sanitary towels. Primary data were retrieved thanks to an Italian company, whereas secondary data were extracted from the Ecoinvent 3.7 database. The SimaPro 9.4 software has been used to calculate the global warming, water consumption, acidification and abiotic depletion of elements and fossil fuels of each packaging solution. The results show that the raw materials and packaging production are the most impactful phases during the life cycle of plastics and bioplastics packaging, if compared to the distribution phase, the auxiliary materials involved and the final disposal. Great benefits could be gained using recycled plastics, which allow to reduce the extraction of virgin materials and overall appear as the best solution from an environmental point of view to package also sanitary products.
MetaSem: metamorphic testing based on semantic information of autonomous driving scenes
Authors: Yang Zhen , Huang Song , Bai Tongtong , Yao Yongming , Wang Yang , Zheng Changyou , Xia Chunyan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe development of artificial intelligence and information communication technology has significantly propelled advancements in autonomous driving. The advent of autonomous driving has a profound impact on societal development and transportation methods. However, as intelligent systems, autonomous driving systems (ADSs) often make wrong judgements in specific scenarios, resulting in accidents. There is an urgent need for comprehensive testing and validation of ADSs. Metamorphic testing (MT) techniques have demonstrated effectiveness in testing ADSs. Nevertheless, existing testing methods primarily encompass relatively simple metamorphic relations (MRs) that only verify ADSs from a single perspective. To ensure the safety of ADSs, it is essential to consider the various elements of driving scenarios during the testing process. Therefore, this paper proposes MetaSem, a novel metamorphic testing method based on semantic information of autonomous driving scenes. Based on semantic information of the autonomous driving scenes and traffic regulations, we design 11 MRs targeting different scenario elements. Three transformation modules are developed to execute addition, deletion and replacement operations on various scene elements within the images. Finally, corresponding evaluation metrics are defined based on MRs. MetaSem automatically discovers inconsistent behaviours according to the evaluation metrics. Our empirical study on three advanced and popular autonomous driving models demonstrates that MetaSem not only efficiently generates visually natural and realistic scene images but also detects 11,787 inconsistent behaviours on three driving models.
A simple, accurate, and explicit form of the Green–Ampt model to estimate infiltration, sorptivity, and hydraulic conductivity
Authors: Sadeghi S. H. , Loescher H. W. , Jacoby P. W. , Sullivan P. L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFinding an explicit solution to the widely used Green–Ampt (G–A) one‐dimensional infiltration model has been subject of efforts for more than half a century. We derived an explicit semiempirical approach that combines accuracy with simplicity, a concept that has been generally neglected in previous studies. The equation is , with F (L), Ks (L/T), S (L/T0.5) and t (T) being cumulative infiltration, saturated hydraulic conductivity, sorptivity, and time, respectively. Relative errors (ɛ) by the application of this equation generally do not exceed ±0.3% in most applied infiltration problems faced by water resources engineering today. We show both numerically and mathematically that │ɛ│> 0.3% could only occur if Kst/F > 0.904, a criterion that could apply to sand and loamy sand soils (i.e., coarse texture) and if they experience infiltration rates for over 6 h and 19 h, respectively. Hence, we also derived a simple linear adjustment in the model as Fadj ≅ 0.9796 F + 0.335 S2/Ks to address these longer infiltration rates, and to assure that ɛ remains within the expected ±0.3% range of uncertainty. A linearized regression technique was also developed to accurately estimate S and Ks when the G–A model is used. We numerically demonstrated that our fitting method could be used even when the G–A approach is less valid (diffusive soils), provided that the actual value of the capillary length (λ) is initially known. An added benefit of our approach is that by setting λ equal to 1/3 and 2/3, it can significantly limit the range of initializing, unknown, a priori values of S and Ks, as these two parameters are estimated through the inverse solution of implicit infiltration models. Due to the model's simplicity and accuracy, our solution should find application among hydrologists, natural resource scientists, and engineers who wish to easily derive accurate estimations from the G–A infiltration approach and/or estimate sorptivity and hydraulic conductivity without encountering divergence problems.