bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal Assessment of Phosphorus Speciation in a Model Ramsar Lake System in Asia
Authors: Venukumar Anjali , Azimov Abdugani , Iztleuov Gani , Moorchilot Vishnu , Aravind Usha K , Sataev Marat , Koshy Valsamma , Aravindakumar Charuvila T. 
Published: May 2024

Phosphorus (P) concentration in rivers and lakes receives greater attention due to its significance in contributing to eutrophication. This study aimed at profiling phosphorus species in Vembanad lake (Ramsar site) and its adjoining rivers. Four phosphorus fractions (total reactive phosphorus (TRP), total acid hydrolysable phosphorus (TAHP), total organic phosphorus (TOP) and total phosphorus (TP)) were monitored according to premonsoon and postmonsoon seasons. Meenachil river mouth is a hotspot for eutrophication with high values of most of the phosphorus fractions. Among the four fractions TRP, TOP and TP were recorded maximum concentration during the premonsoon and postmonsoon seasons. Each fraction of TRP, TAHP, TOP, and TP had an average concentration of more than 300 µgL-1 P throughout two seasons, which is highly eutrophic. The result reveals that the surface water of Vembanad lake is highly polluted with phosphorus input and it may trigger algal growth and consequent destruction of the biodiversity rich wetland system.
A Novel Mastadenovirus from <em>N. noctula</em> which Represents a Distinct Evolutionary Branch of Viruses Infecting Bats in Europe
Authors: Speranskaya Anna S. , Dorokhin Alexander V. , Korneenko Elena V. , Chudinov Ivan K. , Samoilov Andrei E. , Kruskop Sergey V. 
Published: May 2024

Bats are natural hosts for a wide variety of viruses and could therefore be the reservoir, source and spillover for several mammalian viruses, including adenoviruses. We examined faecal samples from 12 bats (five species of the family Vespertilionidae) from central Russia (Moscow Region) and found that two of them (16%) were positive for mastadenoviruses. One of the identified viruses was isolated from faeces of Nyctalis noctule and named BatAdV/MOW15-Nn19. The genome of the BatAdV/MOW15-Nn19 was 37,915 bp in length. Comparative studies have shown significant divergence of the nucleotide sequence of the BatAdV/MOW15-Nn19 genome from European mastadenoviruses, the highest genome sequence similarity was to isolate WA3301 from an Australian bat. Phylogenetic analysis, as well as a comparative analysis of the protein coding genes to homologous available from public database, showed evidence of novel species within Mastadenovirus genus (preliminary named «K»). Analysis of the short part of the DNA polymerase gene of BatAdV/MOW15-Nn19 reveals few NCBI records from Europe with high identity to the new virus, i.e. mastadenoviruses related to the new species are circulating in European bats. The partial genome of another mastadenovirus from Pipistrellus nathusii was identified, it represented bat adenovirus species B, which is widely distributed in European Vespertilionidae bats. New data on the genetic diversity of bat adenoviruses may help to better understand how they evolved in mammals and spread across Europe.
Association Between Periprosthetic Joint Infection and Mortality Following Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Mundi Raman , Pincus Daniel , Schemitsch Emil , Ekhtiari Seper , Paterson J. Michael , Chaudhry Harman , Leis Jerome A. , Redelmeier Donald A. , Ravi Bheeshma 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains a dreaded and unpredictable complication after total hip arthroplasty (THA). In addition to causing substantial morbidity, PJI may contribute to long-term mortality risk. Our objective was to determine the long-term mortality risk associated with PJI following THA.

Methods:
This population-based, retrospective cohort study included adult patients (≥18 years old) in Ontario, Canada, who underwent their first primary elective THA for arthritis between April 1, 2002, and March 31, 2021. The primary outcome was death within 10 years after the index THA. Mortality was compared between propensity-score-matched groups (PJI within 1 year after surgery versus no PJI within 1 year after surgery) with use of survival analyses. Patients who died within 1 year after surgery were excluded to avoid immortal time bias.

Results:
A total of 175,432 patients (95,883 [54.7%] women) with a mean age (and standard deviation) of 67 ± 11.4 years underwent primary THA during the study period. Of these, 868 patients (0.49%) underwent surgery for a PJI of the replaced joint within 1 year after the index procedure. After matching, patients with a PJI within the first year had a significantly higher 10-year mortality rate than their counterparts (11.4% [94 of 827 patients] versus 2.2% [18 of 827 patients]; absolute risk difference, 9.19% [95% confidence interval (CI), 6.81% to 11.6%]; hazard ratio, 5.49 [95% CI, 3.32 to 9.09]).

Conclusions:
PJI within 1 year after surgery is associated with over a fivefold increased risk of mortality within 10 years. The findings of this study underscore the importance of prioritizing efforts related to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of PJIs.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Population characteristics unravel occurrence of distinct stocks of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) population in the Indian seas
Authors: E. M. Abdussamad  , S. Surya  , K. P. Said Koya  , Prathibha Rohit  , A. M. Abbas  , D. Prakasan  , Shihab Ismail  
Published: May 2024

Fishery and biological observations of yellowfin tuna caught from seas surrounding theIndian mainland and its island territories have indicated the presence of biologically distinctstocks in the region. Those caught around the submerged mounts of Chagos-LaccadiveRidge in the Lakshadweep Sea, off Kerala-Karnataka coast exhibit early maturity, small sizeat maturity, short lifespan and a close association with sea mounts. In contrast, those caughtoff other coasts of the mainland, including Andaman waters, exhibit late maturity and largersizes at maturity indicating a fishery dominated by larger-sized individuals. These findingssuggest that the yellowfin tuna associated with the Lakshadweep Sea mounts constitutesa distinct stock, highlighting the necessity for comprehensive genetic, morphometric andpopulation investigations to confirm their stock status.

Keywords:Chagos-Laccadive Ridge, Indian mainland,Lakshadweep Sea, Maturity, Stock, Sea mounts,Yellowfin tuna
Spatial structure and distribution of ribbonfish Trichiurus lepturus Linnaeus, 1758 along the eastern Arabian Sea
Authors: P. Abdul Azeez  , Prathibha Rohit  , K. M. Rajesh  , C. Anulekshmi  , Ajay D. Nakhawa  , Shubhadeep Ghosh  , K. Muhammed Koya  , E. M. Abdussamad  
Published: May 2024

Ribbonfish Trichiurus lepturus is one of the most important pelagic fish resources in India.The west coast of India (WCI) is considered to be the major region where the species isabundant and forms a sizeable fishery. Determining the spatio-temporal abundance of fishis a key requirement for sustainable resource harvest. This paper illustrates the spatialstructure and distribution of ribbonfish along the WCI using the geostatistical technique,semi-variogram modelling. The spatio-temporal distribution map was generated by kriginginterpolation using the global neighbourhood in the study area. The results show that theareas of higher abundance of ribbonfish shifted between seasons, abundance along thenorthern region was high during the post-monsoon, while later shifting southward up to17°N, peaking between 18°N and 19°N. Furthermore, summertime peak abundance tendedto be more coastal in the Mumbai region. Ribbonfish abundance was relatively lower alongthe southern region i.e., below 15°N year-round. This finding provides additional informationto fishery managers and policymakers which will help improve the sustainability of fisheriescoupled with traditional fisheries management measures

Keywords:Arabian Sea, GIS, Geo-statistics, Species distributionmodelling, Spatiotemporal management
Binding of LncRNA-DACH1 to dystrophin impairs the membrane trafficking of Nav1.5 protein and increases ventricular arrhythmia susceptibility
Authors: Pan Zhenwei , Xue Gen-Long , Yang Jiming , Zhang Yang , Yang Ying , Zhang Ruixin , Li Desheng , Tian Tao , Zhang Xiaofang , Li Changzhu , Li Xingda , Yang Jiqin , Shen Kewei , Guo Yang , Liu Xuening , Yang Guohui , Lu Yanjie , Yang Baofeng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Dystrophin is a critical interacting protein of Nav1.5 that determines its membrane anchoring in cardiomyocytes. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the regulation of cardiac ion channels, while their influence on sodium channel remains unexplored. Our preliminary data showed that lncRNA-Dachshund homolog 1 (lncDACH1) can bind to dystrophin, which drove us to investigate if lncDACH1 can regulate sodium channel by interfering with dystrophin. Western blot and immunofluorescent staining showed that cardiomyocyte-specific transgenic overexpression of lncDACH1(lncDACH1-TG) reduced the membrane distribution of dystrophin and Nav1.5 in cardiomyocytes. Meanwhile, peak INa were reduced in the hearts of lncDACH1-TG mice than wild-type (WT) controls. The opposite data of western blot ,immunofluorescent staining and patch clamp were collected from lncDACH1 cardiomyocyte conditional knockout (lncDACH1-cKO) mice. Moreover, increased ventricular arrhythmia susceptibility was observed in lncDACH1-TG mice in vivo and ex vivo. The conservative fragment of lncDACH1 inhibited membrane distribution of dystrophin and Nav1.5, and promoted the inducibility of ventricular arrhythmia. Strikingly, activation of dystrophin transcription by dCas9-SAM system in lncDACH1-TG mice rescued the impaired membrane distribution of dystrophin and Nav1.5, and prevented the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmia. Furthermore, lncDACH1 was increased in transaortic constriction (TAC) induced failing hearts, which promoted the inducibility of ventricular arrhythmia. And the expression of lncDACH1 is regulated by hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase subunit beta (hadhb), which binds to lncDACH1 and decreases its stability. The human homologue of lncDACH1 inhibited the membrane distribution of Nav1.5 in human iPS-differentiated cardiomyocytes. The findings provide novel insights into the mechanism of Nav1.5 membrane targeting and the development of ventricular arrhythmias.
A dynamical interpretation of the intensification of the winter North Atlantic jet stream in reanalysis
Authors: Verger Alejandro Hermoso , Riviere Gwendal , Harvey Ben , Methven John , Schemm Sebastian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Jet streams play an important role in determining weather variability and extremes. A better understanding of the mechanisms driving long-term changes in the jet is essential to successfully anticipate extreme meteorological events. This study analyzes the intensification trend of the North Atlantic jet using the ERA5 reanalysis and investigates the dynamical mechanisms involved. The results highlight the importance of an increase in diabatic heating in the free troposphere below the jet entrance over the Gulf Stream sector. This change in diabatic heating modifies the jet directly and produces a local intensification and a slight poleward shift. A two-dimensional frontal-geostrophic model illustrates this mechanism by considering the enhanced diabatic heating associated with the baroclinic growth of extratropical cyclones. The change in diabatic heating also affects the jet indirectly by increasing the mean baroclinicity and subsequent eddy momentum flux convergence. This indirect mechanism has also an effect downstream, where there is an acceleration of the jet core and reduced westerlies along the flanks, reducing the width of the jet. An idealized warming experiment confirms this mechanism by determining the jet response downstream of an idealized land-sea contrast. Finally, using a single-model ensemble of fully-coupled climate simulations, we show that the differences in the evolution of the North Atlantic jet are related to the latitude of the increase in baroclinicity, which has a large spread. What emerges from the model hierarchy is a consistent dynamical chain of mechanisms associated with the intensification trend of the North Atlantic jet stream.
Psychometric properties of single-item measure of recovery expectations in rehabilitation research and practice
Authors: Carrière Junie , Montemurro Laury , Sullivan Michael 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose: The present research aims to evaluate the construct validity and test-retest reliability of a single-item measure of recovery expectations in individuals with low back pain due to an occupational injury.
Methods: A single-item measure of recovery expectations (“What is the probability that you will return to work?”) was administered to 58 work-disabled individuals with low back pain. All participants were enrolled in a physical therapy program aimed at return to work and participated in a 2-hour single-session pain management course. At baseline, participants completed measures of demographics, recovery expectations and pain-related psychological variables (pain catastrophizing, perceived injustice, depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms). Four weeks after the initial assessment, participants completed the same measures. Analyses examined the construct validity and test-retest reliability of a single-item measure of recovery expectations following the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN).
Results: Findings demonstrate high construct validity and high test-retest reliability. This study represents a step towards practice-based evidence by providing a brief, low-burden, low-cost measure of recovery expectations that can be seamlessly integrated into clinical workflow and research protocols.
Conclusions: A single-item measure demonstrated good psychometric properties for measuring recovery expectations in individuals with low back pain due to an occupational injury
New pyranoxanthones from the stem bark of Calophyllum soulattri Burm. F.
Authors: Lizazman Mas Atikah , Mian Vivien Jong Yi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Five new pyranoxanthones (1–5), together with eight known xanthones were isolated from hexane extract of C. soulattri stem bark. Among the new compounds, xanthones 1–3 are structural isomers. The structures of compounds 1–13 were determined by 1D and 2D NMR analysis.
Clinical and molecular analysis of a novel variant responsive to salbutamol monotherapy during COVID-19 outbreak related to congenital and late-onset of myasthenic syndrome in large kindred
Authors: Nouri Zahra , Saffari-Chaleshtori Javad , Sarmadi Akram , Sehhati Mohammadreza , Tabatabaiefar Mohammad-Amin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMSs) are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders. Mutations in the DOK7 gene underlie CMS with fatigue and muscle weakness, which would worsen with some conventional treatments but show excellent response to special drugs. Here, we applied exome sequencing (ES) to investigate the etiology of CMS in several patients with congenital and late-onset presentations of the disease.
Methods: We ascertained a big pedigree including 3 homozygous and 5 carriers, primary proband was subjected to ES, following immunological, biochemical and neurological evaluations. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies were conducted to investigate the DOK7 proteins' stability. The variant’s pathogenicity was assessed using bioinformatics tools and co-segregation analysis. We adapted the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines for variant interpretation.
Results: ES results showed a novel homozygous variant (c.1139-1140delinsA:p.Ala380AspfsTer76) in the DOK7 gene. Co-segregating analysis confirmed the pathogenicity of it based on the ACMG guidelines. Interestingly, the identified variant has shown partial autosomal dominant inheritance. The MD simulation analysis revealed this variant to result in the protein function impairment. Effective treatment with salbutamol was obtained in an 18-months follow-up. Remarkably, therapeutic doses of salbutamol in severe COVID-19 patients prevented recurrence of paralysis or muscle weaknesses that occurred with a mild cold.
Conclusion: We found a novel variant in the DOK7 gene, with the newly identified partial autosomal dominant inheritance. The findings were used to administer suitable drugs to the patients with maximum efficiency. Thus, ES creates a unique opportunity to promote personalized medicine.
Sources of Subseasonal Predictability of Atmospheric Rivers
Authors: Zhang Wei , xiang baoqiang , Tseng Kai-Chih , Jonhson Nathaniel , Harris Lucas , Delworth Thomas , Kirtman Ben 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are characterized by intense lower tropospheric plumes of moisture transport that are frequently responsible for midlatitude wind and precipitation extremes. The prediction of ARs on subseasonal timescales is currently at a low level of skill, reflecting a need to improve our understanding of their underlying sources of predictability. Based on hindcast experiments from the Seamless System for Prediction and Earth System Research (SPEAR) at the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, we evaluate the global subseasonal prediction skill of wintertime AR statistics. Overall, the results from SPEAR are comparable to the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). Higher forecast skill is detected for strong AR activities than weak AR activities, despite that the occurrence frequency for weak ARs exceeds that of strong ARs. Importantly, we assess the sources of predictability and find that three most predictable modes of ARs in the North Pacific sector can be interpreted as arising from the influence of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, the Pacific North American and the Arctic Oscillation patterns. Subseasonal AR forecast skill in western North America is modulated by different phases of these modes of large-scale seasonal variability highlighting the potential windows of opportunity for subseasonal AR forecasting.
Enhancing Coagulation Management after Cardiac Valve Replacement and Plastic: The Benefits of Home Monitoring
Authors: Ying ChenXi , Liu LingShan , Dai BoHao , Fu YuFei , Chen Xin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective: The research aims to analyze the impact of home monitoring on INR control and complications in patients undergoing valve replacement and plastic surgery. It is also the first to assess and predict associated risk factors by using a nomogram graph.
Study Design: A retrospective descriptive study
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University of Medicine, from January 2021 to January 2023
Methodology:Conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, the retrospective study
involved 505 patients initially, with 406 completing the follow-up. Data collection included patient
characteristic, medical history, valve replacement details, and INR values.
Results: The study found that self-management of INR testing significantly improved the time in
therapeutic range (TTR), reduced INR variance, and decreased complications. Predictive factors for
postoperative coagulation control included gender, history of atrial fibrillation, preoperative
medication history, valve replacement type, and education level.
Conclusion:With home monitoring of INR, patients can take more control of their coagulation management and decrease the frequency of hospital visits. Treatment compliance and outcomes are enhanced when this method is combined with patient education level. The use of a nomogram helps identify patients with stable coagulation function for clinical trials and allows for early intervention in high-risk patients.
Short-term dry cupping improves autonomic nervous activity and sleep quality in university baseball players during a sports season
Authors: Chen Chien-Liang , Tang Jing-Shia , Chuang Chia-Chang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to clarify the benefits of short-term cupping for athletes during preseason conditioning (PSC) and in-season conditioning (ISC). Forty university baseball players were recruited. Participants were divided into cupping (dry cupping at −400 mmHg) and sham (dry cupping at −100 mmHg) groups. Cupping was performed on the upper back and shoulders for 15 min, twice a week for 8 consecutive weeks: 4 weeks each during PSC and ISC. Four-week cupping exerted no significant effects on upper-extremity function during PSC or ISC. Exercise tests during PSC and ISC revealed no postintervention changes in peak power, peak oxygen consumption, or anaerobic threshold. However, cupping during PSC improved the postexercise recovery of low-frequency power (LF; P = .013; a heart rate variability component) and that during ISC improved the recovery of the LF/high-frequency power ratio (P = .004) and LF% (P = .037). Cupping during PSC significantly improved the participants’ daytime dysfunction scores on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (P = .026). The benefits of cupping differ between PSC and ISC. Cupping during PSC and ISC markedly improves the postexercise recovery of autonomic activity and sympathetic activity, respectively. However, cupping enhances sleep quality only during PSC.
Effect of background music on STress Responses Amongst Undergraduates and Surgeons performing Simulated Surgical tasks: A randomised cross-over interventional trial (The STRAUSS Study)
Authors: Narayanan Anantha , Khashram Manar , Fisher James P 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

High stress may diminish a surgeon’s performance in the operating room (OR). Music is perceived to reduce stress in the OR, however the psycho-physiological effects of music on intra-operative stress in inexperienced and experienced operators is incompletely understood. The effect of music on the psychological (Six-Item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory [STAI-6] and Surgical Taskload Index [SURG-TLX]) and physiological responses (e.g., heart rate variability) was determined to a simulated surgical task (carotid patch-angioplasty) in 15 medical students (MS) and 12 vascular surgeons (VS) under stressing conditions in a randomised crossover design. Music did not affect the speed or accuracy of the simulated surgical stress task performance. While the surgical task increased SURG-TLX scores from baseline to control (D32 [22–42]; mean difference [95% confidence interval]) and to music (D30 [20–40]), and increased STAI-6 scores in both conditions, there was no difference between music and control. The surgical task also increased heart rate (peak D5.1bpm [3.0-7.1] vs. baseline p < 0.0001) and cardiac sympathetic nervous system activity (SNS index), and reduced parasympathetic (PNS index) nervous system activity, with the latter two exacerbated by music (SNS: 0.14 [0.004–0.27], p = 0.042; PNS: -0.11 [-0.22 - -0.008], p = 0.032). The more experienced group performed faster and more accurately than the inexperienced group, but there were no psychological or physiological differences in their responses to music. Despite previous research identifying generally positive surgeon perceptions of music on the intra-operative experience of stress, herein, background music failed to improve surgical task performance or attenuate subjective ratings of task load and anxiety, and physiological arousal.