bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Miniaturized independent controllable dual-band bandpass filter by using transversal signal interference concepts
Authors: Wang Li-Tian , Li Yu-Qi , Zhang Hong-Yuan , Chen Xuan , Qian Li-Rong , Li Cui-Ping , Li Dan , Xiong Yang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper presents and validates a compact dual-band bandpass filter with independent controllable passbands and isolation. The proposed filter is constructed by two transmission paths from input port to output port. Based on the transversal cancellation mechanism of two transmission paths, dual passband with independent controllable characteristics can be approached. The transversal cancellation techniques yield extra transmission zeros, which are located at 2.56 GHz, 3.58 GHz and 4.43 GHz respectively. Therefore, two passbands centered at 2.25/3.9 GHz are divided by triple transmission zeros. These transmission zeros also improve the out-of-band suppression performance of proposed filter. The designed prototype filter is implemented and tested, the measured 3 dB passband fractional bandwidths are 12.4 % and 7.5 %, respectively, and the minimum insertion losses are 0.48 dB and 0.88 dB respectively. Additionally, the dual-band transversal filter only occupies 0.012

λ
g
2

${\lambda }_{g}^{2}$

, which λ

g
is the guided wavelength at 50 Ω microstrip line at 2.25 GHz.
An exercise-based international polymer syllabus
Authors: Adhikari Rameshwar , Campana Patricia Targon , Choo Yvonne Shuen Lann , Lopes Dias Marcos , Dos Santos Claudio G. , Fellows Christopher M. , Hess Michael , Lucas-Roper Romain , Luscombe Christine K. , Mallon Peter E. , Merna Jan , Peeters Marloes , Quach Tien Thuy , Théato Patrick , Topham Paul D. , Vohlídal Jiří , Walter Michael 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The IUPAC Subcommittee on Polymer Education has been pursuing the development of a compact syllabus covering the essential topics required for a tertiary education in polymer science, with numerical and short answer exercises addressing each topic. The primary goal of the document is to provide a framework for a complete course made freely available worldwide so that any educator can implement a professionally-curated course in polymer science for their students without needing expensive textbooks or reliable internet access. An important secondary goal is to popularize the use of approved IUPAC terminology in polymer science by using it consistently throughout the document and providing references to IUPAC source documents. Professor Melissa Chin Han Chan was an active and enthusiastic participant in the project who played a significant role in its design and implementation. The late Professor Richard ‘Dick’ Jones also had a keen interest in the project and had a great influence on its direction and structure. This brief note is dedicated to these two illustrious polymer scientists.
Coconut shell-derived green synthesised carbon nanotubes for clean-up of crude oil spills
Authors: Ibrahim Mansur Yahaya , Sulaiman Hadi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The global economy has led to an increase in oil transportation and exploitation, posing a threat to aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Crude oil spilled water purification is a major challenge worldwide. Researchers are focusing on finding adsorbents that improve oil adsorption capability. In the present study the adsorption of crude oil using synthesized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) prepared from coconut shell was investigated by batch adsorption experiments under varying parameters (adsorbent dosage and contact time) after analytical techniques (UV–vis, FTIR and SEM) confirmed the formation of the CNTs. The morphological modification significantly increased the hydrophobicity of the adsorbent, thus creating a synthesized CNTs with a much better adsorption capacity for crude oil removal having a maximum adsorption capacity of 4855.8 mg/g. The experimental results showed that the percentage of crude oil removal increased with an increase in adsorbent dosage and the contact time respectively. According to the correlation coefficient (R
2 = 0.9801) value obtained from the adsorption isotherm investigations, the isotherms were found to fit the Freundlich isotherm somewhat better than the Langmuir isotherm model, which is consistent with the findings reported in the literature. These findings have made the synthesised CNTs an attractive, useful, and environmentally friendly adsorbent for controlling crude oil spill.
Color Plates, Material, and Condition: Hermann Krone’s Contributions to Lippmann Interferential Color Photography
Authors: Gold Jens 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Lippmann color photographs are among the rarest examples of early color photography in public and private collections worldwide. At the time, Hermann Krone was probably one of those who contributed most actively and with remarkable results to the Lippmann process. After general remarks about Krone’s work, this paper will describe more deeply his book about color photography focusing on the direct color process, the technology he practiced himself to accomplish interferential color, and the body of his Lippmann color photographs, which still exists today in major collections, and which has been recently examined by the author. With a focus on the work of Krone, the paper aims to give an overview of the variety of presentation forms of Lippmann color images in existence today and closes with information on the permanence and preservation of these early color photographic materials.
Regression of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with resistant hypertension after renal denervation: the role of hemodynamic and antifibrotic effects
Authors: Solonskaya E. I. , Mochula O. V. , Mordovin V. F. , Zyubanova I. V. , Manukyan M. A. , Lichikaki V. A. , Vtorushina A. A. , Khunkhinova S. A. , Skomkina I. A. , Gusakova A. М. , Arsanova S. Kh. , Zavadovsky K. V. , Falkovskaya A. Yu. 
Published: June 2024

Aim. To study the features of regression of left ventricular hypertrophy and magnetic resonance changes of cardiac fibrosis in patients with resistant hypertension (RH) 1 year after renal denervation (RDN) in relation to changes in blood pressure (BP), the level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), matrix metalloproteinases 2, 9 (MMP-2, MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase type 1 (TIMP-1).Material and methods. The study included 42 patients with true RH. The mean age of the patients was 59 (51; 62) years, while half were men. All patients took 3 or more antihypertensive drugs. At baseline and after 12 months, creatinine, hsCRP, MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 were determined, as well as 24-hour blood pressure monitoring, assessment of left ventricular mass (LVM) and contrast agent accumulation according to cardiac MRI. RDN was performed using Symplicity Fleх (n=18) and Symplicity Spyral (n=24) catheters in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.Results. A year after RDN, a significant antihypertensive effect and a decrease in heart rate were noted. Sixteen patients (38,1%) reached the target office BP level. After 1 year, a significant decrease in the levels of hsCRP from 2,05 (1,04; 3,28) to 1,64 (0,96; 2,25) mg/l (p=0,045) and MMP-2 from 278,2 (240,9; 353,4) to 265,2 (221,2; 293,2) ng/ml (p=0,018) was detected. There was a trend towards an increase in TIMP-1 and a decrease in MMP-9. According to MRI 1 year after RDN, there was a tendency to increase the contrast agent volume, and there was a pronounced LVM decrease from 228 (180; 295,2) to 204 (169,8; 277) g (p=0,029). Correlation analysis revealed a direct connection between a decrease in LVM and a decrease in SBP and DBP levels, MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels. There was a relationship between a decrease in the contrast agent volume and an increase in TIMP-1 level (r=-0,64; p=0,04).Conclusion. A year after RDN, patients with RH show regression of left ventricular hypertrophy with a pronounced antihypertensive effect and a decrease in collagen production, which could also be significant for suppressing the myocardial fibrosis.
Beta-adrenergic reactivity of erythrocyte membranes in various phenotypes of uncontrolled hypertension
Authors: Manukyan M. A. , Falkovskaya A. Yu. , Mordovin V. F. , Zyubanova I. V. , Lichikaki V. A. , Solonskaya E. I. , Vtorushina A. A. , Khunkhinova S. A. , Skomkina I. A. , Rudenko V. V. , Rebrova T. Yu. , Muslimova E. F. , Afanasyev S. A. 
Published: June 2024

Aim. To assess the functional state of the sympathetic nervous system according to β-adrenergic reactivity of erythrocyte membranes (EM) in patients with refractory (rfHTN) and resistant hypertension (rHTN) in relation to target organ damage.Material and methods. The cross-sectional comparative study included 78 patients with uncontrolled hypertension (mean age, 57,4±9,3 years (33 men)) with 24-hour blood pressure (BP) (systolic/diastolic) of 160,0±18,8/88,1±17,3 mm Hg. Thirty-nine (50%) patients had type 2 diabetes (T2D). At baseline, patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the phenotype of uncontrolled hypertension. The first group consisted of patients with rfHTN (n=26 (33,3%)), the second — with rHTN (uncontrolled BP with 3-4 agent therapy) (n=52 (66,7%)). In all patients, office and mean 24-hour blood pressure, EM β-adrenergic reactivity and target organ damage were assessed.Results. The compared groups did not differ in sex and age composition, prevalence of T2D and basic clinical data. However, despite comparable levels of office and mean 24-hour blood pressure, the incidence of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy according to echocardiography in rfHTN was significantly higher than in rHTN (96,2% vs 76,9%, p=0,027, respectively). An increase in EM β-adrenergic reactivity (>20 conventional units) was documented in 87,1% of patients in the general group. Moreover, the mean EM β-adrenergic reactivity in the rfHTN group was significantly higher than in the rHTN group (51,5±18,7 vs 39,3±18,2, p=0,008). According to ROC analysis, the threshold value of EM β-adrenergic reactivity corresponding to rfHTN was ≥44,8 conventional units (sensitivity — 69,2%, specificity — 64,5%, area under the ROC curve — 0,687). The mean EM β-adrenergic reactivity in the rfHTN group did not have a direct relationship with the LV mass index, but correlated with increased pulse pressure.Conclusion. RfHTN is associated with higher EM β-adrenergic reactivity values than in patients with rHTN, which may indirectly confirm more pronounced sympathetic activity and explain the higher prevalence of LVH, realized through an increase in vascular stiffness and load on the LV.
Youth obesity paradox from the perspective of vascular stiffness, blood pressure and metabolic status
Authors: Evsevieva M. E. , Sergeeva O. V. , Rusidi A. V. , Rostovtseva M. V. , Kudryavtseva V. D. , Kryuchkov M. S. , Gachkova I. N. , Ovchinnikova O. V. 
Published: June 2024

Aim. To assess functional parameters of the middle and inner arterial wall layers in relation to body mass index (BMI) in young people from the perspective of their vascular aging phenotype and sex.Material and methods. A total of 264 young people (93 boys) aged from 18 to 25 years (21,4±1,3) were examined. In three groups formed according to BMI, cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and ankle-brachial index (ABI), as well as the main parameters of hemodynamic and metabolic status were determined. Angiological screening aimed at assessing vascular stiffness (VS) and blood pressure (BP) in the vascular beds was performed using a VaSera VS-1500 system ("Fukuda Denshi", Japan). The subjects were divided into tertile CAVI groups based on sex to identify carriers of early, normal and favorable vascular aging phenotypes.Results. As body weight increases in young people, a tendency towards a CAVI decrease was revealed without significant changes in the ABI. In boys, CAVI-R decreased on average by 26,4% (p=0,000) and CAVI-L — by 25,9% (p=0,000). In girls, the decrease was less pronounced. But the latter showed a significant positive relationship between BMI and systolic BP, diastolic BP, low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides, atherogenicity coefficient, as well as a significant negative relationship with high-density lipoproteins. In young men, no significant relationship was found between BMI and any hemodynamic and metabolic parameters. More than half of the overweight boys and girls were carriers of favorable vascular aging phenotype, and among them, the majority noted problems with excess weight either in middle and high school or during student years. In addition, 12,0% of overweight boys and 26,3% of the same girls were characterized by early vascular aging. The vast majority of them were distinguished by excess body weight starting from early childhood.Conclusion. In young people aged 18 to 25 years (21,4±1,3), a VS decrease was revealed against the background of BMI increase. This phenomenon is more typical for carriers of recent obesity. The identified phenomenon, caused by an adaptive mechanism, may be called the youth obesity paradox and it should be taken into account when carrying out preventive measures among young people.
Hypertension and arterial wall stiffness in clinical practice: literature review
Authors: Gapon L. I. 
Published: June 2024

Arterial stiffness, as a marker of subclinical target organ damage in patients with hypertension (HTN), is an important and independent predictor of mortality and cardiovascular morbidity. The review examines factors contributing to increased vascular wall stiffness with a focus on smoking, pathogenesis of increased arterial stiffness with aging, and the effect of arterial stiffness on increased systolic and pulse pressure. Particular attention is paid to the effect of pulse pressure on the risk of cardiovascular events, primarily on the incidence of stroke and cognitive impairment. Thiazide-like diuretics and calcium antagonists have the greatest evidence base in HTN treatment in the elderly due to their ability to reduce systolic and pulse pressure, reduce arterial stiffness and have a positive effect on prognosis. The use of amlodipine/indapamide retard combination promotes more effective treatment of elderly patients with HTN.
Kidney Volume and Risk of Incident Kidney Outcomes
Authors: Wu Jianhan , Wang Yifan , Vlasschaert Caitlyn , Lali Ricky , Feiner James , Gaheer Pukhraj , Yang Serena , Perrot Nicolas , Chong Michael , Paré Guillaume , Lanktree Matthew B. 
Published: June 2024

Key Points

Low kidney volume was a risk factor of incident CKD.A nonlinear relationship existed whereby individuals in the bottom tenth percentile of kidney volume exhibited exaggerated risk of CKD and albuminuria.Kidney volume could improve the classification of kidney disease risk.

Background
Low total kidney volume (TKV) is a risk factor of CKD. However, evaluations of nonlinear relationships, incident events, causal inference, and prognostic utility beyond traditional biomarkers are lacking.

Methods
TKV, height-adjusted TKV, and body surface area–adjusted TKV of 34,595 White British ancestry participants were derived from the UK Biobank. Association with incident CKD, AKI, and cardiovascular events were assessed with Cox proportional hazard models. Prognostic thresholds for CKD risk stratification were identified using a modified Mazumdar method with bootstrap resampling. Two-sample Mendelian randomization was performed to assess the bidirectional association of genetically predicted TKV with kidney and cardiovascular traits.

Results
Adjusted for eGFR and albuminuria, a lower TKV of 10 ml was associated with a 6% higher risk of incident CKD (hazard ratio, 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03 to 1.08; P = 5.8×10−6) in contrast to no association with incident AKI (hazard ratio, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.98 to 1.02; P = 0.66). Comparison of nested models demonstrated improved accuracy over the Chronic Kidney Disease Prognosis Consortium Incident CKD Risk Score with the addition of body surface area–adjusted TKV or prognostic thresholds at 119 (tenth percentile) and 145 ml/m2 (50th percentile). In Mendelian randomization, a lower genetically predicted TKV by 10 ml was associated with 10% higher CKD risk (odds ratio, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.14; P = 1.3×10−7). Reciprocally, an elevated risk of genetically predicted CKD by two-fold was associated with a lower TKV by 7.88 ml (95% CI, −9.81 to −5.95; P = 1.2×10−15). There were no significant observational or Mendelian randomization associations of TKV with cardiovascular complications.

Conclusions
Kidney volume was associated with incident CKD independent of traditional risk factors, including baseline eGFR and albuminuria. Mendelian randomization demonstrated a bidirectional relationship between kidney volume and CKD.
Can we treat idiopathic CTEV without tenotomy? A prospective study
Authors: Pandiyarajan E  , Agrawal Alok Chandra , Garg Deepak Kumar , Yadav Santosh Kumar 
Published: June 2024

Tendoachillis tenotomy is the procedure of choice to correct equinus deformity in Ponseti technique. Though Tenotomy is the most frequently done procedure, is associated with complications in 11% to 50% of cases. So, we were in search of an alternative which would have less complication and will give similar results to a standard tenotomy. One such method is Botulinum toxin type A injection into the gastronemius-soleus muscle which causes reversible paralysis of the muscle leading to lengthening of muscle unit, easy manipulation and casting. In our study, we compared the outcomes of Botulinum toxin with tenotomy in the correction of hindfoot equinus in children (&#60;2&#62;0.05) between the two groups in the post-intervention Pirani score and ankle dorsiflexion was seen at 3&6 weeks and 3,6,12 month post intervention. Average dorsiflexion was around 11±1º in both groups upto 1 year post intervention.Early results shows that Botulinum toxin type A is a good alternative to a routine tendoachillis tenotomy to correct hindfoot equinus in the management of clubfoot by the Ponseti method.
Clinical, radiological and functional outcome following surgical fixation of acetabular fractures
Authors: Vanamail Senthil Narayanan , Vanamail Perumal 
Published: June 2024

: Acetabular fractures are commonly caused by high-velocity injuries that can result from falls from heights or motor vehicle accidents. Surgical fixation has been found to result in improved clinical outcomes such as reduced pain, improved range of motion, and improved alignment and stability of the joint. Patients with pelvic injuries often have associated multiple systemic injuries, adding to the overall morbidity and mortality. Treating fractures in the pelvic area involving the acetabulum can be complicated, significantly when displaced. Proper exposure of the acetabulum and rigid internal fixation is necessary to achieve the main goals of treatment, which are to reconstruct the articular surface and promote early mobilization. Closed methods make it nearly impossible to restore the articular surfaces completely and obtain enough stability for early hip motion.: This study assesses the functional outcome of open surgical fixation of acetabulum fractures involving single or both columns. : Our study looked at patients over 18 years old with displaced fractures, and we treated them using only two approaches: the Kocher Langenbeck approach and the Modified Stoppa approach. Radiological and functional examinations were performed monthly for the first six months. Postoperative radiological assessments were graded using Matta's criteria, and functional outcomes were assessed using modified Merle d' Aubigné and Postel Hip Score.: We treated displaced acetabular fractures using only two non-extensile approaches: the Kocher Langenbeck approach and the Modified Stoppa approach. In most cases (67%), we used only one method, except in 7 patients. Our treatment achieved an impressive 85% rate of good to excellent outcomes (18 out of 21). Our study found that the delay in surgery time significantly impacted Merle d' Aubigne scores (P&#60;0.05), leading to complications and lower functional outcomes in complicated cases. The functional and radiological outcomes were also significantly affected by the mechanism of injury, time between injury and surgery, initial degree of displacement, and quality of reduction. Surgical fixation of displaced acetabular fractures can yield better results with good imaging facilities, experienced surgeons, better instrumentation, and good perioperative care. However, further studies with an adequate sample size are needed to validate our findings. A study on the outcome of acetabular fractures treated surgically found that early surgical intervention and good perioperative care can lead to satisfactory functional outcomes. The study used only two non-extensile approaches and achieved an 85% rate of suitable to excellent outcomes. The study also observed that the mechanism of injury, time between injury and surgery, initial degree of displacement, and reduction quality significantly affected functional and radiological outcomes. However, further studies are needed to validate the findings.
Outcome study of operative treatment of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures by sinus tarsi approach & extensile lateral approach
Authors: Kumar Raveendra , Islam Zaheer Parveez , Bora Suresh 
Published: June 2024

Traditionally used extensile lateral approach for treatment of displaced intra- articular calcaneal fractures has reported high rate of soft tissue complications (30%). In attempt to lower the complication rates, various minimal invasive techniques were introduced likes Sinus tarsi approach etc. To study the clinical & functional outcome of operative treatment of displaced intra- articular calcaneal fractures by STA & ELA.This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching center for 1 year from July 2019 to June 2020 following clearance from institutional ethics committee (Human). Sander’s type 2 & 3 closed fracture included and open fractures, sander’s type 1 & 4, extra-articular fracture, severe osteoporotic bone and conditions affect the gait were excluded. 15 patients underwent STA and 15 patients underwent ELA. Clinico-radiological follow-up was done at 2, 6, 12 weeks and 6th month to assessed union, radiological outcome, functional outcome and complications. VAS for pain relief, AOFAS score for functional outcome.Most were working middle age male mainly due to fall from height and road traffic accidents. Sander’s type 2 and 3 were more common. STA had shorter operative time (54.20 ±4.48mins), less intra-operative blood loss (51.00 ±5.73ml) and less soft tissue complications (13.33%) compared to ELA (operative time = 70.80± 9.05mins, blood loss= 98.00 ±9.2ml, complications = 46.67%). Both groups had 100% union. STA had early pain relieved (at 6th weeks) but VAS score was similar in both groups at final outcome. No difference was observed in radiological parameters and AOFAS score at final follow-up.STA gives better result than ELA in operative treatment of sander’s type 2 and 3 calcaneal fractures.