bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Effective Concentrations of ATP‐Regenerating Enzymes in Cilia of Paramecium caudatum
Authors: Kutomi Osamu , Takemura Motoyuki , Kamachi Hiroyuki , Noguchi Munenori 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe phosphoarginine shuttle system effectively regenerates ATP in the cilia of Paramecium caudatum. To estimate the effective concentration of ATP‐regenerating enzymes, we attempted to reconstitute certain ATP‐regenerating systems within the cilia of intact cortical sheets using exogenous enzymes and high‐energy substances. The addition of phosphoenolpyruvate, which is one of the substrates in glycolysis, did not increase the ciliary beat frequency, whereas phosphocreatine together with exogenous creatine kinase, effectively increased the ciliary beat frequency. In the presence of 0.6 mg/ml creatine kinase and 0.4 mM phosphocreatine, the ciliary beat frequency was comparable to that produced by the addition of phosphoarginine. This result indicates that the reconstituted phosphocreatine shuttle system can work as an artificial ATP‐regenerating system for ciliary movements. The effective concentration of creatine kinase in the reconstituted phosphocreatine shuttle system was estimated to be about 7.4 μM based on the molecular mass of creatine kinase (MW 81,000). Therefore, the effective concentration of arginine kinase in the cilia of live Paramecium is approximately 10 μM. This estimated concentration of intraciliary arginine kinase is sufficient to maintain a high ATP concentration throughout the cilia of P. caudatum.
The effect of surrounding conditions on pixel value of cone beam computed tomography
Authors: Araki Kazuyuki , Okano Tomohiro 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of pixel value in CBCT, especially with regard to the effect of surrounding objects that are presented outside the field of view (FOV).Materials and methodsThis experiment used the GE Hi‐Speed QXi, a multidetector helical computed tomography (MDCT) scanner, and the 3D Accuitomo FPD 8, a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanner. Two types of phantoms were used, both of which contained Lipiodol Ultra Fluid (Lipiodol UF). The type A phantom was a target phantom for pixel value measurement while type B was used for the surrounding environment. For CBCT, the type A phantom was placed in a water bath, and 4 types of surrounding environmental conditions were created: (1) no other phantom present, (2) phantom type B also within the FOV, (3) half of phantom type B within the FOV, (4) phantom type B entirely outside the FOV but within the path of x‐rays aimed at phantom A.ResultsIn MDCT, pixel value (CT number) showed an almost linear correlation with the concentration of Lipiodol UF. In CBCT, on the other hand, pixel value was not linearly correlated with Lipiodol UF concentration. The position of the type B phantom affected pixel values in images of the type A phantom.ConclusionsPixel value in CBCT may be affected by various conditions such as beam hardening and surrounding materials, and is therefore not reliable. Caution is essential when pixel values in CBCT are used to estimate bone density at potential implant sites.
Multiple myeloma vs. breast cancer patients with bisphosphonates‐related osteonecrosis of the jaws: a comparative analysis of response to treatment and predictors of outcome
Authors: Fortuna Giulio , Ruoppo Elvira , Pollio Annamaria , Aria Massimo , Adamo Daniela , Leuci Stefania , Orabona Giovanni Dell’Aversana , Mignogna Michele D. 
Published: November 2011

J Oral Pathol Med (2012) 41: 222–228Background:  Multiple myeloma (MM) and breast cancer (BC) are the two most common diseases associated with bisphosphonates‐related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ), for which different therapeutical approaches have been proposed. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical behaviour of BRONJ in patients with MM vs. BC and the time of healing in terms of clinical and symptomatological remission, following a standardized therapeutic protocol.Methods:  Twenty‐six BRONJ patients (13 men with MM and 13 women with BC) were prospectively enroled and treated with a specific systemic and topical antibiotic therapy. Several predictors of outcome were also evaluated.Results:  Nine patients (69.2%) with BC and 10 patients (76.9%) with MM progressed towards a complete clinical remission (CR) in a mean healing time of 183.3 days [SD: 113.7; 95% confidence interval (CI): 95.95–207.7] and 372.0 days (SD: 308.0; 95% CI: 151.7–592.3) (P = 0.776), respectively. The clinical improvement was statistically significant (P = 0.0013 and P = 0.0014), as well as the assessment of pain (P = 0.0015 and P = 0.0015), in MM and BC group, respectively. Cox regression analysis revealed that just triggering events (P = 0.036) were found to be significant predictors of outcome of BRONJ healing.Conclusions:  Both groups of cancer patients experienced clinical and symptomatological remission regardless their malignancy, but BC patients earlier than MM patients.
Differential activation of proapoptotic molecules between mouse and rat models of distal motor trigeminal denervation
Authors: Harada Shiori , Suzuki Satoshi O. , Seki Yoshihiro , Nakamura Seiji , Iwaki Toru 
Published: November 2011

J Oral Pathol Med (2012) 41: 354–360Background:  We previously developed a rat trigeminal motor neuron axotomy model involving masseter and temporal muscle resection to study pathological changes of the central nucleus after peripheral nerve injury caused by oral surgery. Because motor neurons are reported to be more vulnerable to axotomy in mice than rats, we compared the degeneration process of the trigeminal motor nucleus in the rat model with a similar mouse model.Methods:  We removed masseter and temporal muscles of adult mice or rats. Animals were sacrificed at 3, 7, 14, 28, 42, and 56 days post‐operation, and the trigeminal motor nuclei were histologically analyzed.Results:  Size reduction, but no neuronal loss, was seen in the trigeminal motor nuclei in both mice and rats. Time‐dependent Noxa expression, starting at 1 week post‐operation (wpo), was seen in the mouse model. By 8 wpo, mice expressed a higher level of Noxa than rats. Additionally, we noted persistent expression of cleaved caspase‐3 in mice but not in rats. Conversely, apoptosis‐inducing factor (AIF), which executes DNA fragmentation in the nucleus, was not translocated to the nucleus in either model.Conclusions:  Our findings indicate differential activation of motor neuron apoptosis pathways after axotomy in mice and rats. Lack of activation of caspase‐independent pathways and distal end denervation in our model might be related to the survival of motor neurons after axonal injury. These findings could be relevant to future neuroprotective strategies for peripheral nerve injury caused by oral surgeries.
Prognostic significance of matrix metalloproteinase‐2, ‐8, ‐9, and ‐13 in oral tongue cancer
Authors: Mäkinen Laura K. , Häyry Valtteri , Atula Timo , Haglund Caj , Keski‐Säntti Harri , Leivo Ilmo , Mäkitie Antti , Passador‐Santos Fabricio , Böckelman Camilla , Salo Tuula , Sorsa Timo , Hagström Jaana 
Published: November 2011

J Oral Pathol Med (2012) 41: 394–399Background:  Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) often metastasizes to cervical lymph nodes. Mechanisms of this disease progression are not fully known. We aimed at finding new predictive markers for diagnosis and disease monitoring.Methods:  Seventy‐three consecutive T1N0M0 and T2N0M0 OTSCC patients treated at Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, in 1992–2002 were included. Tissue array blocks were prepared from primary tumors and immunostained. Immunoexpression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2, ‐8, ‐9, and ‐13 was compared with patient characteristics and outcome.Results:  Nuclear expression of MMP‐13, but not cytoplasmic expression of MMP‐2, ‐8, and ‐9, was associated with invasion depth (P = 0.017) and tumor size (P = 0.008). Furthermore, high nuclear MMP‐13 expression was predictive of poor outcome (P = 0.042).Conclusion:  Our results suggest that especially MMP‐13 may be regarded as a prognostic biomarker in OTSCC.
Relative Contributions of Osteogenic Tissues to New Bone Formation in Periosteal Distraction Osteogenesis: Histological and Histomorphometrical Evaluation in a Rat Calvaria
Authors: Saulacic Nikola , Hug Cladius , Bosshardt Dieter D. , Schaller Benoit , Buser Daniel , Haeniwa Hideya , Iizuka Tateyuki 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTBackground: The relative contributions of different, potential factors to new bone formation in periosteal distraction osteogenesis are unknown.Purpose: The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of original bone and periosteum on bone formation during periosteal distraction osteogenesis in a rat calvarial model by means of histology and histomorphometry.Methods: A total of 48 rats were used for the experiment. The contribution of the periosteum was assessed by either intact or incised periosteum or an occlusive versus a perforated distraction plate. The cortical bone was either left intact or perforated. Animals were divided in eight experimental groups considering the three possible treatment modalities. All animals were subjected to a 7‐day latency period, a 10‐day distraction period and a 7‐day consolidation period. The newly formed bone was analyzed histologically and histomorphometrically.Results: New, mainly woven bone was found in all groups. Differences in the maximum height of new bone were observed and depended on location. Under the distraction plate, statistically significant differences in maximum bone height were found between the group with perforations in both cortical bone and distraction plate and the group without such perforations.Conclusions: If the marrow cavities were not opened, the contribution to new bone formation was dominant from the periosteum. If the bone perforations opened the marrow cavities, a significant contribution to new bone formation originated from the native bone.
The Effect of Ultrasonic Instruments on the Quality of Preparation Margins and Bonding to Dentin
Authors: ELLIS REBECCA , BENNANI VINCENT , PURTON DAVID , CHANDLER NICHOLAS , LOWE BRONWYN 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTStatement of the Problem:  Ultrasonic instruments have recently been developed for finishing crown preparations. They are successful in accessing difficult areas on the preparation margin, but their effects on the dentin surface and on bond strength are contradictory.Purpose:  The aim was to evaluate the condition of crown preparation margins finished using new ultrasonic instruments and to assess their effects on dentin bond strength.Methods:  Characteristics of tooth surfaces prepared using two different ultrasonic protocols were compared; Perfect Margin Shoulder (PMS®) (PMS 3, Satelec, Merignac, France) 1, 2, and 3 (complete finishing) versus PMS 1 and 2 (partial finishing). They were assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface roughness analysis. Bonding of composite resin to dentin surfaces prepared with the complete PMS kit was compared with dentin surfaces prepared with finishing diamond burs, using micro‐tensile testing.Results:  SEM images revealed a clear difference between the two preparation sequences (PMS 1, 2 versus PMS 1, 2, and 3). Surfaces finished using the PMS tips 1, 2, and 3 appeared continuous, even, and smooth compared with PMS tips 1 and 2 only. The additional use of the PMS 3 uncoated tip enhanced smear layer removal. There was no significant difference when comparing the surface roughness obtained with the PMS 1, 2, and 3 protocol with the PMS 1 and 2 only (p > 0.05). Micro‐tensile bond strength was not significantly different between the surfaces prepared with the ultrasonic instruments and the surfaces prepared with the diamond burs (p > 0.05).Conclusion:  The use of the complete PMS finishing kit (PMS 1, 2, and 3) produced better quality finishing lines than PMS 1 and 2. The use of ultrasonic instruments to prepare dentin resulted in comparable bond strengths to the use of diamond burs.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEThe extremely precise preparation margin possible with ultrasonic instruments improves the quality and accuracy of crown preparations, which may lead to better impressions and closer adaptation of restorations. The complete set of three Perfect Margin Shoulder instruments is recommended, which can produce comparable bond strengths to preparations with rotary instruments.(J Esthet Restor Dent 24:278–285, 2011)
Effects of fermented garlic powder supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics and meat quality in growing‐finishing pigs
Authors: YAN Lei , MENG Qin W. , KIM In H. 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTOne hundred pigs (BW = 50.7 ± 1.89 kg) were used to investigate the effects of fermented garlic powder (FGP) in growing‐finishing pigs. Pigs were allotted to one of five treatments, included: (i) NC (basal diet); (ii) PC (NC + 44 mg/kg of Tylosin); (iii) FGP1 (NC + 1 g/kg FGP); (iv) FGP2 (NC + 2 g/kg FGP); and (v) FGP4 (NC + 4 g/kg FGP). Supplemental FGP increased average daily gain (ADG) and gain/feed ratio compared with those fed NC diet throughout the experiment (P < 0.05, linearly). Dietary PC treatment increased the ADG and average daily feed intake during the first 6 weeks (P < 0.05). The inclusion of FGP2 and FGP4 treatments had higher apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter and nitrogen (P < 0.05) than those in the NC treatment. Dietary NC treatment exhibited lower (P < 0.05) lymphocyte count (6 and 12 weeks) and immunoglobulin G (12 weeks) than those in the other treatments. Marbling scores were higher (P < 0.05) in FGP treatment groups than the NC treatments. Pigs fed on FGP2 and FGP4 diets evidenced lower 2‐thiobarbituric acid reactive substances value (P < 0.05) than those in the NC and PC treatments. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that the administration of FGP at a level of 2 or 4 g/kg improved growth performance, nutrient digestibility and meat quality in growing‐finishing pigs.
Predictive mutational bioinformatic analysis of variation in the skin and wool associated corneodesmosin (CDSN) gene in sheep
Authors: SIVA SUBRAMANIAM Nitthiya , MORGAN Eleanor , BOTTOMLEY Steven , TAY Sharon , GREGG Keith , LEE Chee Yang , WETHERALL John , GROTH David 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTCorneodesmosin (CDSN) is an important component of the desmosome in the epidermal cornified stratum and inner root sheath of hair follicles. DNA from a sheep BAC clone previously identified by us to contain CDSN was PCR amplified using cattle‐derived primers and the product sequenced. A region of 4579 bp containing CDSN was shown to contain two exons separated by one intron and spanning 3683 bp. The DNA encodes a predicted protein of 546 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis shows that sheep CDSN falls within a clade containing cattle and other ruminant‐like species. Comparison of sequences generated from 12 unrelated merino sheep and the International Sheep Genome Consortium (ISGC) data identified 58 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the 4579 bp region of which 16 are contained within coding sequences (1 in 80 bp). The SNPs identified in this study will add to the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) SNP panel, which will allow extensive haplotyping of the sheep MHC in future studies.
Crystal structure of guaiacol and phenol bound to a heme peroxidase
Authors: Murphy Emma J. , Metcalfe Clive L. , Nnamchi Chukwudi , Moody Peter C. E. , Raven Emma L. 
Published: November 2011

Guaiacol is a universal substrate for all peroxidases, and its use in a simple colorimetric assay has wide applications. However, its exact binding location has never been defined. Here we report the crystal structures of guaiacol bound to cytochrome c peroxidase (CcP). A related structure with phenol bound is also presented. The CcP–guaiacol and CcP–phenol crystal structures show that both guaiacol and phenol bind at sites distinct from the cytochrome c binding site and from the δ‐heme edge, which is known to be the binding site for other substrates. Although neither guaiacol nor phenol is seen bound at the δ‐heme edge in the crystal structures, inhibition data and mutagenesis strongly suggest that the catalytic binding site for aromatic compounds is the δ‐heme edge in CcP. The functional implications of these observations are discussed in terms of our existing understanding of substrate binding in peroxidases [Gumiero A et al. (2010) Arch Biochem Biophys500, 13–20].
The U.S. Flood Control Program at 75: Environmental Issues1
Authors: Black Peter E. 
Published: November 2011

Black, Peter E., 2012. The U.S. Flood Control Program at 75: Environmental Issues.Journal of the American Water Resources Association(JAWRA) 48(2): 244‐255. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2011.00609.xAbstract: Recent, recurring, and increased magnitude floods adversely challenge long‐held and erroneous concepts of flood control. This article focuses on the environmental issues with comprehensively reviewed essentials of the United States (U.S.) riverine Flood Control Program, including news reports, scientific articles, books, and landmark treatises. For the past three‐quarters of a century, U.S. floods have continued (and will continue) to occur, causing increasing property damage with growing fiscal loss. Reasons include inattention to fundamental principles of physics, hydrology, and ecology. There are also important challenges involving environmental policy, economics, and common sense. Measures afforded by the existing program encourage and enable investment in floodplains while violating a variety of natural principles that make the situation worse. This detailed review includes the questionable (actually untrue) justification in the document‐setting policy for the 1936 Omnibus Flood Control Act. The well‐documented evidence is overwhelming. An alternative approach is presented that would enable and celebrate natural floods, managing their ecological and hydrological values, and not attempting to control them.
Durable Glass‐Ceramic Coatings for Foam Glass
Authors: Smeacetto Federico , Salvo Milena , Ventrella Andrea , Rizzo Stefano , Ferraris Monica 
Published: November 2011

This work describes the design and development of two new silica‐based glass‐ceramic coatings, suitable to be applied as slurries on a foam glass substrate. The coating process was optimized for both compositions, according to their sintering behavior. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) measurements revealed a good thermomechanical compatibility between the foam glass substrate and both coatings. The proposed coatings showed excellent chemical durability: no weight loss was observed after soaking in distilled water at 90°C for 16 days.
Predicting intention to uptake H1N1 influenza vaccine in a university sample
Authors: Byrne Claire , Walsh Jane , Kola Susanna , Sarma Kiran M. 
Published: November 2011

Objective. Global pandemic H1N1 was atypical of influenza in that it was associated with high symptom severity among young adults. Higher education institutions were therefore understandably concerned about the potential for high infection rates among students. This study examined intention to uptake H1N1 vaccine between November and December 2009, when the virus was classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as being in the pandemic phase.Design. A cross‐sectional survey design was employed.Method. Two hundred university students completed a questionnaire battery comprised of health, belief/attitudes, and behavioural intention measures.Results. Findings suggested that non‐intention to vaccinate is associated with a strong disbelief in its efficacy, in negative attitudes towards vaccinations, and in lack of perceived threat, which is underscored by a disinterest in others’ opinions, including authoritative bodies. Findings also suggested that there is resistance to the idea of vaccinations being mandatory.Conclusions. Vaccination intent is in some way linked to a range of attitudes and beliefs. The implication for health practitioners is that behaviour intent may be open to influence where psycho‐education can create pro‐vaccine attitudes and beliefs.
Prophylactic and Therapeutic Vaccination Using Dendritic Cells Primed with Peptide 10 Derived from the 43-Kilodalton Glycoprotein of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
Authors: Magalhães A. , Ferreira K. S. , Almeida S. R. , Nosanchuk J. D. , Travassos L. R. , Taborda C. P. 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTVaccination with peptide 10 (P10), derived from theParacoccidioides brasiliensisglycoprotein 43 (gp43), induces a Th1 response that protects mice in an intratrachealP. brasiliensisinfection model. Combining P10 with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) or other adjuvants further increases the peptide's antifungal effect. Since dendritic cells (DCs) are up to 1,000-fold more efficient at activating T cells than CFA, we examined the impact of P10-primed bone-marrow-derived DC vaccination in mice. Splenocytes from mice immunized with P10 were stimulatedin vitrowith P10 or P10-primed DCs. T cell proliferation was significantly increased in the presence of P10-primed DCs compared to the peptide. The protective efficacy of P10-primed DCs was studied in an intratrachealP. brasiliensismodel in BALB/c mice. Administration of P10-primed DCs prior to (via subcutaneous vaccination) or weeks after (via either subcutaneous or intravenous injection)P. brasiliensisinfection decreased pulmonary damage and significantly reduced fungal burdens. The protective response mediated by the injection of primed DCs was characterized mainly by an increased production of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and interleukin 12 (IL-12) and a reduction in IL-10 and IL-4 compared to those of infected mice that received saline or unprimed DCs. Hence, our data demonstrate the potential of P10-primed DCs as a vaccine capable of both the rapid protection against the development of serious paracoccidioidomycosis or the treatment of establishedP. brasiliensisdisease.
Acquired Omenn-Like Syndrome, a Novel Posttransplant Autoaggression Syndrome Reversed by Rapamycin
Authors: Vinh Donald C. , Bin Dhuban Khalid , Mason Helen , Lejtenyi Duncan , Jung SungMi , Sheppard Donald C. , Faury Damien , Jabado Nada , Piccirillo Ciriaco A. 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACT

Graft-versus-host disease is uncommon in autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and is typically brief and mild. We report unusual, protracted, and severe Omenn syndrome-like autoaggression following autologous HCT. We identified a profound FOXP3
+
regulatory T cell defect that coincided with hyperinflammatory T cell responses which were reversible with rapamycin
in vitro
.
Relapse of Serratia marcescens Sternal Osteitis 15 Years after the First Episode
Authors: Paquin Axelle , Lepelletier Didier , Leprince Céline , Chamoux Catherine , Treilhaud Michèle , Despins Philippe , Reynaud Alain , Corvec Stéphane 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACT

Sternal osteitis, a potential consequence of cardiac surgery, remains rare. The bacteria involved belong mostly to the genus
Staphylococcus
. Sternal infections caused by
Serratia marcescens
are exceptional. We report an unusual recurrence of sternal infection with
S. marcescens
, 15 years after the initial episode. The identities of the isolates were determined by genomic analysis.