bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aptamer-modified Nanocarrier(s) for the Management of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Kumar Amit , Narang Raj Kumar , Raikwar Sarjana 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Prostate cancer remains a significant global health concern, necessitating the development of innovative therapeutic approaches. This editorial provides an overview of the current state
of research on aptamer-modified nanocarriers as a novel strategy for prostate cancer therapy. Aptamers, known for their high specificity and affinity, have drawn much attention in both research
and the pharmaceutical industry. The Systematic Evolution of Ligands by the Exponential Enrichment (SELEX) technique has enabled the development of aptamers that can selectively bind to target ligands based on their unique three-dimensional structures. Notably, the A10 aptamer, modified to target PSMA (Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen), has demonstrated strong binding
affinity and specificity to prostate cancer cells, offering promise as an efficient drug-delivery system. Additionally, biosensors, like the innovative apta-sensor targeting MUC1, have utilized aptamers to detect cancer through electrochemical signals. Additionally, aptamers have improved
the pharmacological attributes of chemotherapeutic agents for prostate cancer treatment. Aptamer--
mediated drug delivery has offered enhanced drug delivery, targeting, cellular uptake, and minimizing side effects.
Scorpion Neurotoxin: An Analgesic Antitumor Peptide Down-Regulates VGSCs and Exhibits Local Anesthetic Potency during Sciatic Nerve Block
Authors: Kampo Sylvanus , Doudou Natacha Raissa , Kolbilla David Zawumya , Anabah Thomas Winsum 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Some neurotoxins inhibit nerves strongly. Saxitoxins and tetrodotoxin exhibit strong affinity for various voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs), including Nav 1.7, but low affinity for Nav 1.8. Emerging data suggests AGAP mediate analgesia by binding voltage-independently to sodium channel site-3.

Objective:
This study examined AGAP's mechanism and analgesic efficacy during sciatic nerve block.

Methods:
In rats, partial sciatic nerve ligation caused rapid and persistent mechanical hyperalgesia. Mechanical hyperalgesia after medication delivery was assessed with von Frey filaments. Western blot and immunohistochemical staining assessed VGSC expression following drug treatment.

Results:
The data showed that lidocaine and AGAP increased paw withdrawal threshold compared to control rats. Compared to the control group, lidocaine or AGAP inhibited VGSCs.

Conclusion:
This study suggested that AGAP inhibits VGSCs to elicit lidocaine-like analgesia.
An Improved Aquila Optimizer with Local Escaping Operator and Its Application in UAV Path Planning
Authors: Zhang Jiahao , Gao Zhengming , Li Suruo , Zhao Juan 
Published: April 2024

Background:
With the development of intelligent technology, Unmanned aerial vehicles
(UAVs) are widely used in military and civilian fields. Path planning is the most important
part of UAV navigation system. Its purpose is to find a smooth and feasible path from
the start to the end.

Objective:
In order to obtain a better flight path, this paper presents an improved Aquila optimizer
combing the opposition-based learning and the local escaping operator, named LEOAO,
to deal with the UAV path planning problem in three-dimensional environments.

Methods:
UAV path planning is modelled as a constrained optimization problem in which the
cost function consists of one objective: path length and four constraints: safe distance, flight
height, turning angle and climbing/diving angle. In this paper, the LEOAO is introduced to
find the optimal path by minimizing the cost function, and B-Spline is invited to represent a
smooth path. The local escaping operator is used to enhance the search ability of the algorithm.

Results:
To test the performance of LEOAO, two scenarios are applied based on basic terrain
function. Experiments show that the proposed LEOAO outperforms other algorithms such as
the grey wolf optimizer, whale optimization algorithm, including the original Aquila optimizer.

Conclusion:
The proposed algorithm combines the opposition-based learning and local escaping
operator. The opposition-based learning algorithm has the ability to accelerate convergence.
And the introduction of LEO effectively balances the exploration and exploitation abilities
of the algorithm and improves the quality of the population. Finally, the improved Aquila
optimizer obtains a better path.
Low-complexity User Scheduling Framework for mmWave Hybrid Beam-forming OFDM System under Non-ideal CSI
Authors: Liu Jia , Wang Bo 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
User scheduling in millimeter-wave (mmWave) multi-user hybrid
beam-forming Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems involves the
joint optimization of resource block group (RBG) allocation, beam pairing, and user selection.
However, choosing the optimal scheduled User Equipment (UE), allocated RBGs, and communicating
beams in practical mmWave hybrid beam-forming systems with non-ideal Channel
State Information (CSI) remains challenging.

Methods:
In this paper, we propose a low-complexity user scheduling framework. On one hand,
two user classification methods are proposed under non-ideal CSI, assisted by beam search and
RBG allocation respectively. On the other hand, in order to ensure both the throughput and
fairness performance, a novel user selection scheme, called weighted user selection based on
feedback threshold (WUSFT) scheme is proposed, and approximate closed-form expression of
fairness index for both full feedback and feedback based on threshold are derived. Our proposed
methods consist of three steps. First, RBGs are allocated based on the maximum received
signal power (MRSP) of each user on each RBG, utilizing quasi-omnidirectional beams.
In the second step, the communicating beams are further searched to achieve the MRSP with
the allocated RBG.

Results:
Finally, the allocated RBG, or the determined beam information obtained through the
beam search, is used to represent the correlation of user channels and classify the UEs into
groups. Only UEs whose reported factor is not less than the feedback threshold will report received
information. This simplifies the operation of user scheduling. Moreover, simulation results
demonstrate that our proposed schemes can achieve more than 92.3% of the sum rate performance
of exhaustive search methods while maintaining relatively low complexity.

Conclusion:
In addition, the user feedback overhead (FO) reduces obviously, especially with
large UE number.
Jacques Tati, “Playtime”; on the Modern Architecture Movement and Livable Cities
Authors: Polatoğlu Çiğdem , Temel Selda Cansu 
Published: April 2024

When examining the connection between cinema and architecture, it is
evident that both sides feed off one another. While every film produced contributes
visually and intellectually to architecture, it also creates an experimental environment
for both space design and space perception. While cinema reproduces space according
to fiction, it also becomes a tool for recording history as a witnessing document.
Cinema can depict the political, social, and cultural evolution of a city, as well as the
stages it has undergone in terms of physical reality. This cinematic documentary
narrative has been the subject of numerous studies conducted in the field of cinema
architecture. The 1967 comedy film Playtime was directed by French filmmaker
Jacques Tati and is one of the films that is frequently mentioned and analyzed in
literature studies that investigate the relationship between cinema and architecture.
Playtime is a successful film that uses cinematic techniques to examine the economic
and social transformation of a city over time.
The fictional Parisian city Tativille was created for the film's set. The film deals with
the alienation of Monsieur Hulot, a charlatan character identified with Tati, in his
modern urban experience, utilizing sarcastic language and Tati's distinctive sense of
humor. In this paper, the spaces of modern architecture and the lifestyle were discussed
through place-making, spatial organization, and perception of space.
The Conflict of the Modern and the Traditional: The Case of Mon Oncle
Authors: Gündoğdu Nihan Sümeyye 
Published: April 2024

Mon Oncle is a 1958 French-Italian comedy film. The plot of the film begins
with Mr. Hulot coming and going to the Arpel family's villa. Mr. Hulot lives in a place
with an old lifestyle in a crowded neighborhood in St Maur. The Arpel family is
described as a family that tries to create a modern family structure and has a modern
house. With the changing and developing world order following the Second World
War, many branches of art such as architecture, art, and cinema were influenced. It is
seen that the film, which can be considered in the transition period, is intertwined with
the concept of modernity that emerged during the period in this changing order. In the
movie, the director, Tati, explains how modernism and the modern design approach
affect society through the movie characters, by showing Mr. Hulot, who has a
traditional way of living, and the Arpel family, which has a modern lifestyle, via
criticizing the conflict between them through architecture. In the movie, the place
where Mr. Hulot lives is constantly compared with the place where the Arpel family
lives. Mr. Hulot is positioned as a transitional element for these two different spaces.
This film aims to convey the fact that these individuals have two different characters
and lives, with a modern traditional conflict evaluated through the relationship between
space and body.
In the analysis of the film, the reflections of modernity both on individuals and on
space were provided by interpreting the effects of post-war modern architecture. It can
be seen in the movie Mon Oncle that the cinema, one of the branches of art in which
the effects of modernism are seen in the changing world order after the war, reflects the
changing structure of society through the films of the relationship between space and
body. Both the structure of society and the changing phenomenon of architecture have
been tried to be conveyed through the relationship between cinema and architecture. It
has been revealed how these effects, in which two conflicts are experienced, are
handled through architecture, space, body, and individual. The challenges experienced
during the transition to modernity and modern life that wish to be reflected are
conveyed through both space and the exaggerated behaviors of individuals within the
relationship between cinema and architecture.<br>
Imagined World, Dreamworld, and Beyond. The Architecture of the City as a Distraction Machine in ‘Lost in Translation’
Authors: Gür Elmira A. , Serim Işıl Baysan 
Published: April 2024

‘Tokyo is the Tower of Babel in modern times', says Mario Botto. In the
context of the study of cinema and architecture, this account may be one of the most
seminal approaches for our article, which aims at the analysis of Sofia Coppola’s 2003
film ‘Lost in Translation’. Akin to the Babel myth, the phrase ‘Lost in Translation’
(LiT, hereafter) underpins its discourse, which emphasizes one’s dual situation, that is,
that the two worlds (i.e., dream/real, virtual/actual) do not necessarily reconcile, but
can/should coexist mutually. This reversible dilemma reveals the multilayered,
complex, heterogeneous, and machinic status of the untranslatable, referring to one's
existential predicament or/and quest in space and time.
Hence, what the phrase implies for LiT is the fragmented, decentralized, and distracted
experiences of the two Western characters, even the inhabitants, in the city of Tokyo,
formed by both visible and invisible flows of digitization and globalization. Coppola's
carefully staged urban scenes constitute a space for distracted gaze and even demand
representational forms of distraction. In this context, the article explores how the
architecture of the city, becoming liquid indistinguishable from images, turns into a
[post-] media apparatus of the multidimensional network, that of the ‘distraction
machine’ constructing new subjectivities.
Lost Highway
Authors: Pasin E. Gülay Er 
Published: April 2024

Lost Highway was shot in 1996 by David Lynch. The movie is paired with
Blue Velvet (1986) and Mulholland Drive (2001). Alternatively, it is claimed that the
movie bears a strong resemblance to Eraserhead as to the narrative, showing the
characters' minds coming into focus. Lost Highway is mostly analyzed from a
psychoanalytical perspective, The Impossible by David Lynch (Todd MacGowan,
2007) and The Art of the Ridiculous Sublime: On David Lynch's Lost Highway (Slavoj
Žižek, 2000) seem to be the reference books for the ‘Lynch audience’ as well for
scholars. It is analyzed from the point of Zen and Hindu thought and from the point of
physics. The movie is mostly read through its narrative. However, I claim it deserves
more interest with respect to cinematography and mise-en-scene. The analysis of the
use of space and place in the movie is also based on the grounds of psychology,
generally.
All we see in the movie is Fred Madison’s reimagination while he is sitting in his
prison cell. He is sentenced to death, but he is not waiting for his execution, actually.
He is on a permanent vacation seeking endless possibilities, digging the desire for
Renee up. But Lynch also talks about place regarding society, too. This is exactly the
starting point of this study. Moreover, the use of elements like darkness and smoke are
clearly semantic components. That makes the subject more interesting. Regarding these
issues, this study focuses on the atmosphere and the use of place in Lost Highways.
The Role of Humanization and Robustness of Large Language Models in Conversational Artificial Intelligence for Individuals With Depression: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Ferrario Andrea , Sedlakova Jana , Trachsel Manuel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Large language model (LLM)–powered services are gaining popularity in various applications due to their exceptional performance in many tasks, such as sentiment analysis and answering questions. Recently, research has been exploring their potential use in digital health contexts, particularly in the mental health domain. However, implementing LLM-enhanced conversational artificial intelligence (CAI) presents significant ethical, technical, and clinical challenges. In this viewpoint paper, we discuss 2 challenges that affect the use of LLM-enhanced CAI for individuals with mental health issues, focusing on the use case of patients with depression: the tendency to humanize LLM-enhanced CAI and their lack of contextualized robustness. Our approach is interdisciplinary, relying on considerations from philosophy, psychology, and computer science. We argue that the humanization of LLM-enhanced CAI hinges on the reflection of what it means to simulate “human-like” features with LLMs and what role these systems should play in interactions with humans. Further, ensuring the contextualization of the robustness of LLMs requires considering the specificities of language production in individuals with depression, as well as its evolution over time. Finally, we provide a series of recommendations to foster the responsible design and deployment of LLM-enhanced CAI for the therapeutic support of individuals with depression.
Secondary recurrent syphilis in a patient with HIV infection. Clinical case
Authors: Serdjukova Е. А. , Popov V. V. , Chernyavskaya O. A. , Morozova N. A. 
Published: April 2024

Relevance. HIV infection is a chronic sexually transmitted infectious disease. Given the single route of transmission, quite often HIV-infected patients develop a syphilitic infection. At the same time, syphilis against the background of HIV infection has its own clinical characteristics. It is important for doctors of various specialties to know these features.Description of the case. A clinical case of secondary syphilis and early neurosyphilis in a 52-year-old patient with HIV infection is presented.Discussion. Patients with HIV infection are characterized by unusual clinical manifestations of syphilis in the form of its malignity, atypical, severe course with the development of various complications. In the article, the authors describe atypical manifestations of papular syphilide of the palms and soles. The effectiveness of specific treatment has been shown.Conclusions. Doctors’ knowledge of the clinical features of syphilis against the background of HIV infection will allow them to avoid diagnostic errors leading to late treatment and the development of complications.
THE PENALTY FUNKCIONS METHOD AND OPTIMALITY CONDITONS
Authors: KHACHATRYAN RAFIK , STEPANIAN SEYRAN 
Published: April 2024

The presented work is devoted to one of the most important areas of applied mathematics, namely mathematical programming.
The following general mathematical programming problem is considered where are Lipschitz, and is closed set.
The purpose of the work is to obtain optimality conditions for the problem posed using the method of penalty functions.
The obtained necessary conditions are expressed in the language of subdifferentials, which are a generalization of the method of indefinite Lagrange coefficients for nonsmooth optimization problems.
PHYSICAL INTERPRETATION OF PARAMETRIC RESONANCE BY ENERGY APPROACH
Authors: PETROSYAN LERNIK , ELOYAN GAREGIN 
Published: April 2024

The object of study is the phenomenon of parametric resonance from the point of view of physical interpretation.
The purpose of the study is to identify one of the special cases of the phenomenon of parametric resonance associated with an oscillating reference frame, when the parametric system contains time-dependent capacitive and inductive reactance.
Based on physical measurements using a simple mathematical apparatus, qualitative analyzes are given that combine the harmony of mathematical and physical approaches.
Parametric resonance is an extremely complex phenomenon associated with the imbalance of linear systems. Therefore, disequilibrium occurs due to small accumulations in an infinite time interval. Like small clusters, infinite time intervals are not suitable for graphical representation and physical interpretation of resonance. For this reason, the study of parametric resonance leads to formal mathematical problems that are idealized and difficulties arise when comparing them with practical ones.
Theoretical methods, analyzing professional literature, also a quantitative analysis of the obtained results are used.
In the radio-physical literature, insufficient attention is paid to the study of two non-stationary reactivity, although the possibilities of using a parametric circuit can be significantly expanded. The article analyzes this problem, since it was solved exclusively by physical methods.
IDEOLOGICAL TENDENCIES OF DISSENT IN SOVIET ARMENIA IN THE 1960S AND 1980S
Authors: HARUTYUNIAN SHAHEN 
Published: April 2024

There were three primary ideological paths followed by the dissident movements in Soviet Armenia that originated in the USSR in the 1960s of the 20th century. In Soviet Armenia, dissent was primarily organized around national issues such as the mention of the Armenian Genocide, the demands for the reunification of Karabakh and Nakhichevan to the motherland, preservation of the Armenian language, restoration of Armenia's independence, and defense of human rights. Objectives and plans of covert groups established in Soviet Armenia bore the ideological imprint of these movements. The fight to restore Armenia's independence was of utmost significance in Soviet Armenia.
The purpose of this article is to present the ideological directions of Armenian dissent and their manifestations.
In order to realize the goal, the task was set to research and discuss the dissident organizations founded in Soviet Armenia and the individual approaches that integrated all the ideological directions of the Armenian dissident in their programs and activities.
Historical and comparative methods were used. Content analysis of state and personal archival materials, interviews, and memoirs was carried out.
It has been established that the dissident manifestations in Soviet Armenia had three key ideological directions, which had different priorities in different periods.
MAIN CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF LABOR MIGRATION OF YOUTH
Authors: SHAHINYAN ANDRANIK 
Published: April 2024

16-30 years old young citizens of the Republic of Armenia, who applies for the labor migration, are the object for the research of the article.
The main goal of the research is to study the causes of the labor migration of young people and its demographic, socio-economic, educational consequences, as well as to receive objective, unbiased and as reliable as possible expert assessments regarding external migration movements for the period of 2021-2023.
The main results of the research are the eloquent witness of the fact, that the main reasons for the migration trend of young people in the Republic of Armenia are due to the low levels of the salaries, high levels of poverty, the ongoing alarming military situations and with complaints from the public education sector.
As a conclusion, we consider, that it is necessary to emphasize in the revised the none correct, and in some cases, the absense of organizing youth employment. And this causes the apply of many young people (both men and women) for labor migration.
Optimizing Droplet Digital PCR Assay for Precise Assessment of MEIS1 Gene Promoter Methylation
Authors: Marek Samec , Ivana Baranova , Iryna Zavhorodnia , Martin Pec , Renata Pecova , Vincent Lucansky 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
DNA methylation is characterized as a gene regulatory mechanism that involves the methylation of the 5-carbon (C5) position of cytosine, resulting in the formation of 5-methylcytosine. The analysis of aberrantly methylated cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) dinucleotides, primarily in the promoter regions of tumor suppressor genes, can serve as promising prognostic and predictive markers of cancer development. Meis homeobox 1 (MEIS1) gene, crucial for cell growth and differentiation, exhibits dysregulation linked to various cancer types, acting as both a positive and negative regulator. The selection of an appropriate method for the evaluation of gene promoter methylation status is important for clinical implementation without biases regarding false positive and false negative outcomes. The study focuses on the optimization of a novel droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay for identifying the methylation status of MEIS1. Compared to traditional methods, ddPCR offers an increased sensitivity and specificity, presenting a promising tool for precise DNA methylation assessment with potential implications for cancer diagnostics and prognostics.
Research on Legal Education at Jinan University During the Shanghai Period (1927-1932)
Authors: Chen Min , Yu Xinye 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In the autumn of 1927, Zheng Hongnian appointed Shi Jiong as a professor and established the Department of Law, setting the educational goal of “cultivating useful judicial talents for national service and national glory”. He actively pursued legal education and pioneered a specialized course in Diplomatic Consular Affairs. The legal systems of the countries where overseas Chinese from Nanyang resided were predominantly based on the “Anglo-American Law” system. The “Anglo-American Law” education at Jinan University was distinctively emphasized, and the continuous refinement of the “Six Law” system led to a shift towards a “Comparative Law” model. As Jinan University’s legal education was flourishing, it faced dual calamities of war and educational crises, ultimately leading to its closure.