bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication and ultraviolet photoresponse characteristics of ordered SnO
x
(x ≈ 0.87, 1.45, 2) nanopore films
Authors: Li Changli , Zheng Maojun , Wang Xianghu , Yao Lujun , Ma Li , Shen Wenzhong 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Based on the porous anodic aluminum oxide templates, ordered SnO
x
nanopore films (approximately 150 nm thickness) with different x (x ≈ 0.87, 1.45, 2) have been successfully fabricated by direct current magnetron sputtering and oxidizing annealing. Due to the high specific surface area, this ordered nanopore films exhibit a great improvement in recovery time compared to thin films for ultraviolet (UV) detection. Especially, the ordered SnO
x
nanopore films with lower x reveal higher UV light sensitivity and shorter current recovery time, which was explained by the higher concentration of the oxygen vacancies in this SnO
x
films. This work presents a potential candidate material for UV light detector.

PACS: 81.15.Cd, 81.40.Ef, 81.70.Jb, 85.60.Gz.
CXCR7 antagonism prevents axonal injury during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis as revealed by in vivoaxial diffusivity
Authors: Cruz-Orengo Lillian , Chen Ying-Jr , Kim Joong Hee , Dorsey Denise , Song Sheng-Kwei , Klein Robyn S 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackgroundMultiple Sclerosis (MS) is characterized by the pathological trafficking of leukocytes into the central nervous system (CNS). Using the murine MS model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), we previously demonstrated that antagonism of the chemokine receptor CXCR7 blocks endothelial cell sequestration of CXCL12, thereby enhancing the abluminal localization of CXCR4-expressing leukocytes. CXCR7 antagonism led to decreased parenchymal entry of leukocytes and amelioration of ongoing disease during EAE. Of note, animals that received high doses of CXCR7 antagonist recovered to baseline function, as assessed by standard clinical scoring. Because functional recovery reflects axonal integrity, we utilized diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to evaluate axonal injury in CXCR7 antagonist- versus vehicle-treated mice after recovery from EAE.MethodsC57BL6/J mice underwent adoptive transfer of MOG-reactive Th1 cells and were treated daily with either CXCR7 antagonist or vehicle for 28 days; and then evaluated by DTI to assess for axonal injury. After imaging, spinal cords underwent histological analysis of myelin and oligodendrocytes via staining with luxol fast blue (LFB), and immunofluorescence for myelin basic protein (MBP) and glutathione S-transferase-π (GST-π). Detection of non-phosphorylated neurofilament H (NH-F) was also performed to detect injured axons. Statistical analysis for EAE scores, DTI parameters and non-phosphorylated NH-F immunofluorescence were done by ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-hoc test. For all statistical analysis a p < 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsIn vivoDTI maps of spinal cord ventrolateral white matter (VLWM) axial diffusivities of naïve and CXCR7 antagonist-treated mice were indistinguishable, while vehicle-treated animals exhibited decreased axial diffusivities. Quantitative differences in injured axons, as assessed via detection of non-phosphorylated NH-F, were consistent with axial diffusivity measurements. Overall, qualitative myelin content and presence of oligodendrocytes were similar in all treatment groups, as expected by their radial diffusivity values. Quantitative assessment of persistent inflammatory infiltrates revealed significant decreases within the parenchyma of CXCR7 antagonist-treated mice versus controls.ConclusionsThese data suggest that CXCR7 antagonism not only prevents persistent inflammation but also preserves axonal integrity. Thus, targeting CXCR7 modifies both disease severity and recovery during EAE, suggesting a role for this molecule in both phases of disease.
High-fat diet accelerates progression of osteoarthritis after meniscal/ligamentous injury
Authors: Mooney Robert A , Sampson Erik R , Lerea Jaclyn , Rosier Randy N , Zuscik Michael J 
Published: December 2011

Abstract

Introduction

Increasing obesity and type 2 diabetes, in part due to the high-fat (HF) Western diet, parallels an increased incidence of osteoarthritis (OA). This study was undertaken to establish a causal relation between the HF diet and accelerated OA progression in a mouse model and to determine the relative roles of weight gain and metabolic dysregulation in this progression.

Methods

Five-week-old C57BL/6 mice were placed on HF (60% kcal) or low-fat (lean, 10% kcal) diets for 8 or 12 weeks before transecting the medial collateral ligament and excising a segment of the medial meniscus of the knee to initiate OA. One group was switched from lean to HF diet at the time of surgery.

Results

Body weight of mice on the HF diet peaked at 45.9 ± 2.1 g compared with 29.9 ± 1.8 g for lean diets, with only those on the HF becoming diabetic. Severity of OA was greater in HF mice, evidenced by the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) histopathology initiative scoring method for mice and articular cartilage thickness and area. To assess the importance of weight gain, short- and long-term HF diets were compared with the lean diet. Short- and long-term HF groups outweighed lean controls by 6.2 g and 20.5 g, respectively. Both HF groups became diabetic, and OA progression, evidenced by increased OARSI score, decreased cartilage thickness, and increased osteophyte diameter, was comparably accelerated relative to those of lean controls.

Conclusions

These results demonstrate that the HF diet accelerates progression of OA in a type 2 diabetic mouse model without correlation to weight gain, suggesting that metabolic dysregulation is a comorbid factor in OA-related cartilage degeneration.
Identification of urinary metabolites that distinguish membranous lupus nephritis from proliferative lupus nephritis and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Authors: Romick-Rosendale Lindsey E , Brunner Hermine I , Bennett Michael R , Mina Rina , Nelson Shannen , Petri Michelle , Kiani Adnan , Devarajan Prasad , Kennedy Michael A 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Introduction
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE or lupus) is a chronic autoimmune disease, and kidney involvement with SLE, a.k.a. lupus nephritis (LN), is a frequent and severe complication of SLE that increases patient morbidity and mortality. About 50% of patients with SLE encounter renal abnormalities which, if left untreated, can lead to end-stage renal disease. Kidney biopsy is considered the criterion standard for diagnosis and staging of LN using the International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society (ISN/RPS) classification, which was developed to help predict renal outcomes and assist with medical decision-making. However, kidney biopsy-based classification of LN is highly invasive and impractical for real-time monitoring of LN status. Here, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based metabolic profiling was used to identify urinary metabolites that discriminated between proliferative and pure membranous LN as defined by the ISN/RPS classification, and between LN and primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS).

Methods
Metabolic profiling was conducted using urine samples of patients with proliferative LN without membranous features (Class III/IV; n = 7) or pure membranous LN (Class V; n = 7). Patients with primary FSGS and proteinuria (n = 10) served as disease controls. For each patient, demographic information and clinical data was obtained and a random urine sample collected to measure NMR spectra. Data and sample collection for patients with LN occurred around the time of kidney biopsy. Metabolic profiling analysis was done by visual inspection and principal component analysis.

Results
Urinary citrate levels were 8-fold lower in Class V LN compared to Class III/IV patients, who had normal levels of urinary citrate (P < 0.05). Class III/IV LN patients had > 10-fold lower levels of urinary taurine compared to Class V patients, who had mostly normal levels (P < 0.01). Class V LN patients had normal urinary hippurate levels compared to FSGS patients, who completely lacked urinary hippurate (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
This pilot study indicated differences in urinary metabolites between proliferative LN and pure membranous LN patients, and between LN and FSGS patients. If confirmed in larger studies, these urine metabolites may serve as biomarkers to help discriminate between different classes of LN, and between LN and FSGS.
Unmanipulated Donor Lymphocytes for EBV-Related PTLD After T-Cell Depleted HLA-Haploidentical Transplantation
Authors: De Pasquale Maria Debora , Mastronuzzi Angela , De Vito Rita , Cometa Angela , Inserra Alessandro , Russo Cristina , De Ioris Maria Antonietta , Locatelli Franco 
Published: December 2011

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)–related post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a life-threatening complication in patients given T-cell-depleted hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from an HLA-haploidentical relative (haplo-HSCT). We report the case of a child who developed severe EBV-related PTLD after haplo-HSCT from his mother. Despite receiving the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, the patient presented with intestinal obstruction due to huge abdominal lymphadenopathy, hematemesis, and nodulary pulmonary lesions. Histology showed that the lesions were due to CD20−/CD19+ large neoplastic B cells. The patient underwent double intestinal resection with partial abdominal lymphadenectomy and then received 3 monthly doses of donor-derived unmanipulated mononuclear cells. The initial dose of CD3+ cells was 3 × 105/kg recipient body weight. The 2 additional doses consisted of 5 × 105 CD3+ cells/kg. No sign or symptom attributable to graft-versus-host disease was observed, and the patient completely cleared EBV-related lesions. The child was disease-free for 13 months after the first lymphocyte infusion. This case demonstrates that repeated infusions of controlled numbers of donor CD3+ cells cure EBV-related PTLD in haplo-HSCT without inducing graft-versus-host disease.
The effect of carbon impurities on lightly doped MOCVD GaN Schottky diodes
Authors: Tompkins Randy P. , Walsh Timothy A. , Derenge Michael A. , Kirchner Kevin W. , Zhou Shuai , Nguyen Cuong B. , Jones Kenneth A. , Suvarna Puneet , Tungare Mihir , Tripathi Neeraj , Shahedipour-Sandvik Fatemeh (Shadi) 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Relative Risk of Different Operations for Medial Compartment Osteoarthritis of the Knee
Authors: Sikorski Jerzy M. , Sikorska Joanna Zofia 
Published: December 2011

The relative risk of total knee arthroplasty (TKA), high tibial osteotomy (HTO), and medial unicompartment (UKA) replacement for medial compartment arthritis is presented. Risk is defined as the product of the probability of an event occurring and its consequence. To define consequence, 2 related scales of impact (1 systemic and 1 local) are suggested. The probability of a complication is derived from the incidence as found in the published literature and expressed as a decimal of 1. The cumulative risk is expressed as the sum of the risks of all individual complications. The overall impact of specific comorbidities has been calculated when their influence on the incidence of a particular complication is known.
Of the 3 operations, TKA has the highest cumulative risk of systemic complications and HTO is the most likely to produce local technical problems. UKA is the safest of the procedures. The relative risk of TKA:HTO:UKA is 1.00:1.01:0.31. For TKA, the greatest additional risk is morbid obesity, which increases overall risk by 31% by virtue of a 7.8-fold increase in infection rate. Cardiorespiratory disease, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and cirrhosis of the liver increase cumulative risk by 20%, 17%, and 17%, respectively.
The authors conclude that a quantitative assessment of operative risk is possible and useful. However, it depends on the availability of reliable complication incidence data.
Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells and C1q Differentially Regulate Inflammatory Gene Induction by Lupus Immune Complexes
Authors: Santer Deanna M. , Wiedeman Alice E. , Teal Thomas H. , Ghosh Pradipta , Elkon Keith B. 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Immune complexes (ICs) play a pivotal role in causing inflammation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Yet, it remains unclear what the dominant blood cell type(s) and inflammation-related gene programs stimulated by lupus ICs are. To address these questions, we exposed normal human PBMCs or CD14+ isolated monocytes to SLE ICs in the presence or absence of C1q and performed microarray analysis and other tests for cell activation. By microarray analysis, we identified genes and pathways regulated by SLE ICs that are both type I IFN dependent and independent. We also found that C1q-containing ICs markedly reduced expression of the majority of IFN-response genes and also influenced the expression of multiple other genes induced by SLE ICs. Surprisingly, IC activation of isolated CD14+ monocytes did not upregulate CD40 and CD86 and only modestly stimulated inflammatory gene expression. However, when monocyte subsets were purified and analyzed separately, the low-abundance CD14dim (“patrolling”) subpopulation was more responsive to ICs. These observations demonstrate the importance of plasmacytoid dendritic cells, CD14dim monocytes, and C1q as key regulators of inflammatory properties of ICs and identify many pathways through which they act.
The Relationship between Self-Efficacy, Attitudes, Intake Compared to Others, Consumption, and Stages of Change Related to Fruit and Vegetables
Authors: Brug Johannes , Glanz Karen , Kok Gerjo 
Published: December 2011

Purpose. This study examined whether eating practices and psychosocial factors differed across stages of change for fruit and vegetables. Design. Data were collected using a self-administered written survey among a convenience sample of 739 Dutch adults. Response rate was 92%. Setting. Data were collected as part of the baseline assessment for a nutrition intervention study. Measures. Fruit and vegetable intake was measured as self-reported consumption with a validated eight-item food frequency questionnaire. Psychosocial variables were measured with six items on bipolar seven-point scales and stage-of-change classifications were based on separate four-item algorithms for fruits and vegetables. Differences in psychosocial factors and consumption were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance with Scheffé's multiple-comparison test. Results. Significant differences were found between stages of change in dietary intake, attitudes, self-efficacy, and judgment of one's own intake compared to others. Attitudes were most positive in preparation and action and least positive in precontemplation. Intake and self-efficacy were more positive in action/maintenance than in pre-action stages. Conclusions. The findings suggest that nutrition education aimed at encouraging higher intake of fruits and vegetables might be most effective if it is stage-tailored. Messages to influence attitudes about fruits and vegetables are likely to affect people in precontemplation, and self-efficacy information to increase confidence in overcoming barriers to consumption is likely to be effective with persons in contemplation and preparation stages.
Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Prevention Capabilities of Selected HMOs: Findings of an Employer Survey
Authors: Chapman Larry S. , Nelson Lou , Sloan Beverly , Plankenhorn Robert 
Published: December 2011

Purpose. To survey Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) of a major employer regarding the extent of their health promotion and disease prevention capabilities. Design. A one-time cross-sectional survey. Setting. The setting involved in this study was managed care organizations. Subjects. The subjects were 22 HMOs located in the western part of the United States. Measures. The study involved completion of a survey grid on a fairly comprehensive range of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention activities. Results. Twenty-two HMOs were surveyed and 20 responded, providing a response rate of 90.9%. Analysis of distribution of responses and simple means were used. If a “perfect score” included addressing all 52 prevention targets across all 13 intervention modalities (minus inappropriate combinations) and that represented a score of 100%, the highest scoring HMO indicated that it provided or addressed 36.8% of all possible modalities and prevention target combinations. The composite average score for all three areas of prevention for all responding HMOs was slightly less than 13%. Additionally, five of the HMO respondents provided approximately 59% of all the prevention activity reported in the survey. Nonrepresentativeness of the HMOs in the sample represents the most significant study limitation. Conclusions. Results suggest that prevention capabilities among the HMOs surveyed are unevenly distributed and somewhat concentrated.
Job Strain and Health Behaviors: Results of a Prospective Study
Authors: Landsbergis Paul A. , Schnall Peter L. , Deitz Diane K. , Warren Katherine , Pickering Thomas G. , Schwartz Joseph E. 
Published: December 2011

Purpose. To assess the association between job demands, job decision latitude, and job strain (defined by Karasek as a combination of high demands and low decision latitude) and cardiovascular disease-related health behaviors such as cigarette smoking, alcohol use, lack of exercise, and overweight. Design. Cross-sectional and prospective. Setting. Nine New York City public and private sector worksites. Subjects. Two hundred eighty-five male employees, aged 30 to 60, in a wide variety of white-collar and blue-collar job titles. Measures. Medical examinations and surveys, which included demographic, health behavior, and job characteristics data. Results. Prospectively, among 189 men, increase in job decision latitude over 3 years was associated with decrease in cigarette smoking, by analysis of covariance, controlling for age, race, education, marital status, and number of children at home (F (8, 180) = 4.37, p = .005). The largest increase in latitude occurred among the 13 men who quit smoking. However, change in job characteristics was not associated with change in overweight or alcohol use. Cross-sectional analyses did not produce consistent associations. Conclusions. The effectiveness of smoking cessation may be aided by modification of structural features of the work environment, such as job decision latitude. This study is limited by the small number of subjects who were engaged in high risk behaviors.
Attitudes and Perceptions Related to Smoking among Pregnant and Postpartum Women in a Low-Income, Multiethnic Setting
Authors: Dunn Caroline L. , Pirie Phyllis L. , Lando Harry A. 
Published: December 2011

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to gain insight into attitudes and perceptions about smoking during pregnancy, passive smoke exposure, barriers to quitting, and program preferences among women in a low-income, ethnically diverse setting. Design. Nine focus group discussions were conducted with African-American, Native American, and white women. Discussions were moderated by local residents who shared the same ethnic background as group participants. Setting. Discussions were held in neighborhood centers and clinics in an urban area. Subjects. A total of 57 women participated. Moderators recruited participants from within their social networks and from neighborhood programs. The informal process of recruitment did not allow calculation of response rates. Measures. A series of open-ended questions with selected probes was used to guide the conversation. Results. Participants were aware that smoking during pregnancy is harmful and were concerned to varying degrees about their smoking behavior. Most women who smoked took active steps to reduce the risks. Actions were frequently accompanied by beliefs that rationalized moderate levels of smoking. While concerned, women were uncertain about what constituted harmful, passive smoke exposure. Personal barriers to quitting included being around others who smoked, feelings of stress and boredom, addiction, and not believing smoking is dangerous enough. Participants tended to value pregnancy-related advice from female friends and relatives over advice from professionals. Conclusions. Results suggest that many women respond to warnings about smoking during pregnancy, but actions are not necessarily measured, in quit rates. Misconceptions about the risks may help to rationalize continued smoking. Subjects lacked knowledge about how best to reduce the risks of passive smoke. Educational efforts may be effective when directed at networks of women who share information. The nature of qualitative data collection prevents extrapolation of these results to a larger population.
Spousal Similarities in Fruit and Vegetable Consumption
Authors: Macario Everly , Sorensen Glorian 
Published: December 2011

Purpose. To explore similar patterns of fruit and vegetable consumption between health center employees and their spouses. Design. Cross-sectional mailed survey assessing frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption, as well as demographics and knowledge, attitudes, access, and social support related to fruit and vegetable consumption. Setting. Six Massachusetts health centers. Subjects. Two hundred eleven health center employee/spouse pairs (422 individuals). Measures. The kappa statistic measured agreement in fruit and vegetable consumption between employees and spouses. The Spearman rho coefficient measured correlations for individual responses. Multiple Linear Regression Models examined variables that explained fruit and vegetable consumption level differences. Results. Response rate was 59%. Mean fruit and vegetable daily intake was 4.68 and 4.30 servings for employees and spouses, respectively. Over 75% of employee and spouse estimates measuring fruit and vegetable consumption-related information, on average, were within one survey response category of each other. Knowledge, attitudes, and access indices were significantly correlated with fruit and vegetable consumption for both employees and spouses. The social support index was significantly correlated with fruit and vegetable consumption only for the spouses. Differences in knowledge, attitudes, and access indices between employees and spouses helped to explain different fruit and vegetable consumption levels. Nonresponse, selection, recall, and seasonal reporting biases may limit the findings' generalizability. Conclusions. The effectiveness of worksite nutrition interventions may be improved by involving family/household members.