bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers and Facilitators of Home Programmes in Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review and a Metasynthesis
Authors: Medina‐Valera Mª. Inmaculada , Fernández‐Del Olmo Aarón , Pinero‐Pinto Elena 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionOne of the treatments with the greater scientific support for children with cerebral palsy (CP) are home programmes (HP). However, its implementation may be complex in some cases. A systematic review was conducted to explore the existing literature on the following question: What are the barriers and facilitators to implementing HP for children with CP?Material and MethodsThe articles were extracted from the Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, ERIC, PubMed and CINAHL databases. Inclusion criteria: articles based on therapies conducted at home, for children with CP aged 0–8 years and their families, published in English and Spanish. Exclusion criteria: reviews, studies of cases and controls and one‐case studies. The risk of bias was assessed through Cochrane tools Risk of Bias (RoB) I, RoB 2 and RoB E.ResultsTwenty‐one articles were selected from a total of 1.336, with 523 families and professionals. A qualitative research was carried out through content analysis using inductive coding and subsequent analytical categorization within an interpretative paradigm. Six themes were obtained: participation, personal cost and social support, family impact, training, professional role and efficacy. The quantitative results were analysed descriptively. They address HP research in a superficial manner.ConclusionsBarriers: lack of time or availability to attend to the children one by one, poor economic and social support networks and sensitive emotional situation. Facilitators: training, adapted treatment objectives, activities within the daily routine and fluid family‐professional communication. Limitation: Only one article could be found that analysed family variables, considering the possible confounding variables. There is no funding source for this review. Registered in PROSPERO with code number: CRD42023477735.
NLRP1 Is a Prominent Inflammasome Sensor Found in Bronchial Epithelial Cells in Asthma and Can Be Activated by Rhinovirus A16
Authors: Laanesoo Anet , Mäe Mariel , Remm Anu , Johnston Sebastian L. , Altraja Alan , Bochenek Grazyna , Jakiela Bogdan , Rebane Ana 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundAsthma exacerbations are frequently triggered by human rhinoviruses (RVs). Among other pro‐inflammatory responses, RV infection of airway epithelium promotes the activation of the inflammasome pathway, the role of which in asthma exacerbations and disease progression is still poorly understood.MethodsBronchial brushing or biopsy specimens were collected from asthma patients and control subjects. Functional experiments were performed in cultured human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) using RV‐A16, poly(I:C), and siRNA transfection. Gene expression was analysed by RNA‐sequencing, RT‐qPCR, immunofluorescence, western blot or ELISA. Caspase‐1 activity was evaluated using FAM‐FLICA assay.ResultsThe expression of NLRP1 was found to be the highest compared to other inflammasome sensors tested in brushed bronchial epithelium samples from asthma patients and control individuals, as well as in cultured primary HBECs. Additionally, we observed increased expression of CASP1 mRNA in bronchial epithelial cells from patients with neutrophilic asthma compared to those with paucigranulocytic and eosinophilic phenotypes. Changes in the expression of inflammasome pathway genes caused by RV‐A16 infection were similar in HBEC cultures from asthma patients and controls, except for IL‐1β, which showed increased response, and PYCARD, which exhibited decreased change in cells derived from asthma patients. Silencing of NLRP1 expression with siRNAs impeded RV‐A16‐induced activation of the inflammasome but had no effect on poly(I:C)‐induced secretion of IL‐1β and IL‐18.ConclusionNLRP1 is highly expressed inflammasome sensor in both healthy and asthmatic bronchial epithelium and can be activated by RV‐A16. RV‐induced changes in the expression of inflammasome pathway genes suggest that there may be differences in HBECs derived from asthma patients, which may depend on the prevailing immunological phenotype of the disease.
Clinical Practice Recommendations on the Effect of COVID‐19 Vaccination Strategies on Outcomes in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
Authors: Foroutan Farid , Rayner Daniel G , Oss Shelly , Straccia Marco , de Vries Rienk , Raju Shilpa , Ahmed Farhin , Kingdon Jennifer , Bhagra Sai , Tarani Shafrina , Herrera Sabina , Bhanji Rahima , Ross Heather , Pruett Timothy , Feng Sandy , Pereira Marcus , Rotstein Coleman , Guyatt Gordon , Aleksova Natasha 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionSolid organ transplant (SOT) recipients were excluded from clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of COVID‐19 vaccines. There is uncertainty about the number of doses required to prevent life‐threatening infection, as well as uncertainty in the optimal vaccine type and their durability. Our objectives were to provide recommendations on the number of COVID‐19 vaccination doses, type of vaccine, dose of vaccine administered, and timing of vaccination in SOT recipients.MethodsWe commissioned a systematic review on COVID‐19 vaccination in SOT, focusing on patient‐important outcomes. We recruited an international, multidisciplinary panel of 18 stakeholders, including patient partners to summarize our findings using the GRADE (grading of recommendation, assessment, development, and evaluation) framework, rate certainty in the evidence, and develop recommendations.ResultsOur panel recommends the routine provision of additional COVID‐19 doses after the primary series to SOT recipients with variant‐appropriate vaccines (strong recommendation, low certainty evidence). We suggest using any available WHO‐approved vaccine rather than selectively choosing a specific type and receiving a single dose rather than a double dose of any COVID‐19 vaccine booster (weak recommendation, low certainty evidence). Lastly, we suggest vaccination before transplantation when possible (weak recommendation, low certainty evidence).ConclusionThe evidence used to guide these recommendations is limited by the paucity of robust randomized trials evaluating COVID‐19 vaccination strategies and clinical outcomes in the SOT population. The provision of higher‐quality evidence of the overall effects of COVID‐19 vaccination in SOT to inform clinical practice will require large, randomized trials.
A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Low Dose Radiation Therapy for COVID‐19 Pneumonia: Learnings of 4 Years Since Pandemic
Authors: Yadav Usha , Sapra Balvinder Kaur 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCOVID‐19 caused a worldwide pandemic resulting in break of demand–supply chain in all aspects of healthcare, high mortality rates, and a constant quest for effective treatment modalities. Based on historical and recent evidences of anti‐inflammatory effects of low dose of ionizing radiation, several healthcare professionals proposed low‐dose radiation therapy (LDRT) along with ongoing pharmacological treatment for COVID‐19 pneumonia. A positive response in a few initial studies led to systematic trials by increasing the number of patients in the range of 0.5–1.5 Gy. However, the concerns of radiation‐induced risks were also raised in parallel. In the present article, we have highlighted the basis of LDRT for COVID‐19 therapy. We have reviewed the available literature, specifically for outcomes on various clinical trials carried out with LDRT. Meta‐analysis was performed to identify if any survival benefits are offered by addition of LDRT over pharmacological treatment alone among COVID‐19 pneumonia patients. Other clinical recovery parameters such as intubation rates, oxygenation status, anti‐inflammatory response have also been compared. Overall data trends favored LDRT with standard pharmacological treatment against control cohort which received standard treatment alone at all the endpoints in majority studies. LDRT addition resulted in significantly higher odds of survival than control cohort. Among critical and/or mechanically ventilated patients, LDRT did not show any promising outcomes over the control group. In conclusion, LDRT may serve as a promising complementary treatment modality with a potential of better prognosis, provided the patient selection criteria are critically identified and implemented.
The Role and Challenges of Investigator‐Initiated Trials in the Cell and Gene Therapy Products Boom in Mainland China
Authors: Yang Yifan , Bian Lianlian , Cheng Yuan , Xu Yan , Shao Hui , Rao Jian , Ge Sixiang , Gong Jifang , Jiang Min , Zheng Xiaoyu , Liu Lijun , Ma Shihui , Liu Xuan , Cheng Tao , Gao Chenyan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAs cutting‐edge technologies in biomedicine, cell and gene therapy (CGT) products demonstrate immense potential in treating cancer, rare diseases, and genetic disorders, thereby driving the importance of clinical research in this area. This study analyzes the growth trends and key characteristics of 1033 Investigator‐Initiated Trials (IITs) conducted by mainland Chinese institutions in the CGT field. The results show that IITs have played a positive role in the early proof‐of‐concept of CGT products, helping to obtain preliminary safety and efficacy data, and exploring the combination of CGT products with other therapies. Additionally, this study discusses the regional distribution, therapeutic areas, and challenges faced by IITs in the development of CGT products in China. Based on these findings, policy suggestions are proposed to optimize the regulation of IITs in mainland China, such as improving regulatory frameworks and enhancing technical guidance. It is hoped that these measures will further improve the efficiency and quality of IITs, fully utilize the large patient base and abundant clinical resources, and support the development of high‐quality CGT products in mainland China.
Ranibizumab with luseogliflozin in type 2 diabetes with diabetic macular oedema: A randomised clinical trial
Authors: Ishibashi Ryoichi , Takatsuna Yoko , Koshizaka Masaya , Tatsumi Tomoaki , Takahashi Sho , Nagashima Kengo , Ishikawa Ko , Kaiho Tomomi , Asaumi Noriko , Baba Takayuki , Yamamoto Shuichi , Yokote Koutaro ,   The COMET Trial investigators
Published: February 2025

AbstractAimsAnti‐vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy is the standard treatment for diabetic macular oedema (DMO); however, unmet needs remain. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in treating DMO.Materials and MethodsThis multicentre randomised open‐label trial included 60 patients with DMO who were eligible for anti‐VEGF therapy. Patients were randomised to receive luseogliflozin or glimepiride. Ranibizumab was administered initially to the target eye, with additional doses per protocol. The number of ranibizumab doses up to week 48, and re‐admission rates were evaluated. Fellow eye injections were also assessed.ResultsSixty participants, mostly with diabetic retinopathy and half previously treated with anti‐VEGF therapy, were included. SGLT2i and sulfonylurea (SU) groups achieved equivalent glycated haemoglobin, central retinal thickness (CRT), and best‐corrected visual acuity improvements. Injection frequency for the target eye was similar between groups (SGLT2i vs. SU: 3.9 ± 0.7 vs. 4.7 ± 0.7 times, p = 0.36). Re‐administration rates were decreased significantly after the fourth injection in the SGLT2i group (p = 0.030, hazard ratio: 0.45, 95% confidence interval: 0.22–0.92). Fellow eyes in the SGLT2i group showed significant CRT reduction and fewer injections compared with those in the SU group (1.3 ± 0.6 vs. 3.4 ± 0.8, p = 0.016).ConclusionsAlthough the overall number of anti‐VEGF injections in the target eye showed no significant difference, some patients responded favourably to SGLT2i and required fewer injections. The reduction in fellow eye injections suggests SGLT2i's efficacy in treating early‐stage DMO.Trial RegistrationUniversity Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trial Registry (UMIN000033961); Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCTs031180210).
Impact of the Medicaid expansions on heart disease mortality in the United States: A county‐level analysis
Authors: King Grady , Palanki Srinivas 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDespite the significant changes that the Affordable Care Act (ACA) has made to the US healthcare system since 2010, little statistical analysis of its impact on the deadliest chronic diseases has been made. County‐level data from the United States is used in conjunction with difference‐in‐difference models to isolate the effect of the Affordable Care Act on preventable deaths due to heart disease. Our national causal inference analysis found a significant decrease of preventable heart disease mortality due to the Medicaid expansions.
Can machine learning reduce volatility in electricity markets? Lessons from the economic calculation debate
Authors: Oğuz Fuat , Peker Mustafa Çağrı 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe knowledge problem and volatility in electricity markets have long been central to policy debates in energy markets. This study examines the successes and limitations of machine learning in addressing these issues, contributing to the existing literature. Machine learning has shown promise in tackling specific technical aspects of power markets, but its shortcomings in forecasting customer behaviour and managing decentralised, renewable‐driven systems highlight the need for further refinement. While machine learning offers potential in reducing certain aspects of market volatility, it is not a comprehensive solution to the broader challenges faced by the electricity market.
Statin treatment reduces protein carbonylation in patients with COPD: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Kruk Aleksandra , Ząbczyk Michał , Natorska Joanna , Undas Anetta 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroductionProtein carbonyl (PC) content, a stable marker of oxidative stress, is increased in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and shows association with cardiovascular events. We investigated prothrombotic effects of increased PC content and its modulation by statin use in COPD.Materials and MethodsWe studied 56 patients with stable COPD, who were randomly assigned in an open‐label manner to receive simvastatin 40 mg/day (n = 28) or to remain without statin for 3 months (n = 28). Plasma PC levels, along with thrombin generation, fibrin polymerization, clot permeability (Ks), compaction and global fibrinolysis (t50%) were assessed at baseline, at 1 and 3 months.ResultsPC concentration was 4.01 (min 2.20, max 5.43) nM/mg protein and correlated with age (r =.34, p =.0093) and C‐reactive protein (CRP) (r =.43, p =.0009). PC was inversely associated with maximum clot absorbance (r = −.27, p =.046) and Ks (r = −.44, p =.0008), but not fibrinolysis or thrombin generation. On statin, PC concentration decreased by 15% after 1 month and by 33% after 3 months compared to baseline, leading to 28.5% lower levels than in controls (p =.0003), with no association with low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol or CRP. At 3 months PC showed associations with favourably modified on‐treatment Ks (r = −.51, p =.005) and t50% (r =.53, p =.004), but not with lipid profile or inflammation.ConclusionsThis study shows that 3‐month simvastatin therapy in COPD patients results in about 30% decrease in PC concentrations, at least in part associated with favourable changes in fibrin clot parameters.
Client Perspectives on Addressing Intimacy, Romance and Sexuality in Early Psychosis Intervention Programmes
Authors: Woolridge Stephanie M. , Wilkinson Emma , Hau Isabelle , Stewart Chloe A. , Edirisinghe Savie , Aidelbaum Robert , Best Michael W. , Bowie Christopher R. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study investigated the perspectives of clients in early psychosis intervention programmes regarding the types, quality and relevance of information they desire and receive, particularly related to intimacy, romance and sexuality.MethodsParticipants (N = 35) rated the degree to which they desired and received information on topics related to treatment and recovery, as well as the quality and importance of that information.ResultsBetween 25% and 50% of participants desired information on friendships, sexual functioning, sexual desire, sexual risk factors and romantic relationships. Less than half of participants who wanted information on romantic relationships, friendships, sexual desire and sexual functioning received this information. When this information was provided, however, participants reported it to be of high quality.ConclusionsFindings demonstrate that intimacy, romance and sexuality remain areas of need that are relevant to recovery for people with psychosis, yet they continue to be insufficiently addressed in healthcare settings.
Perceived Multisensory Common Cause Relations Shape the Ventriloquism Effect but Only Marginally the Trial‐Wise Aftereffect
Authors: Kayser Christoph , Heuer Herbert 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCombining multisensory cues is fundamental for perception and action and reflected by two frequently studied phenomena: multisensory integration and sensory recalibration. In the context of audio‐visual spatial signals, these phenomena are exemplified by the ventriloquism effect and its aftereffect. The ventriloquism effect occurs when the perceived location of a sound is biased by a concurrent visual stimulus, while the aftereffect manifests as a recalibration of perceived sound location after exposure to spatially discrepant stimuli. The relationship between these processes—whether recalibration is a direct consequence of integration or operates independently—remains debated. We investigate the role of causal inference in these processes by examining whether trial‐wise judgements about a common‐cause underlying audio‐visual stimuli influence both the ventriloquism effect and the immediate aftereffect. In a spatial paradigm, participants made explicit judgements about the common cause of stimulus pairs, and their influence on both perceptual biases was assessed. Results obtained across two experiments indicate that while multisensory integration is contingent on common cause judgements, the immediate recalibration effect is not. This suggests that recalibration can occur independently of the perceived commonality of the multisensory stimuli, challenging the notion that recalibration is solely a by‐product of integration.
Influences of Welding Techniques on Fatigue Behaviors of Thick‐Walled Cylinders of 30CrMnSiNi2A Steel
Authors: Long Jian , Zhang Lin‐Jie , Xie Miao‐Xia , Na Suck Joo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT30CrMnSiNi2A steel has been widely used to manufacture airplane structural parts. The fatigue behaviors of weld metals (WMs) of electron beam welding (EBW) joints and shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) joints (hereinafter shorted as EBW‐WM and SMAW‐WM, respectively) of 26‐mm‐thick 30CrMnSiNi2A ultrahigh‐strength steel were compared. The fatigue behavior of the EBW‐WM is obviously superior to that of the SMAW‐WM. Microstructures and microdefects are important causes for the great difference between WMs of the two types of joints in term of the fatigue behaviors. Microstructures in the EBW‐WM are similar to those in the BM, both containing a large amount of lath martensite. However, martensite is not found in the SMAW‐WM; instead, blocky ferrite and nonmetallic inclusions are present in the SMAW‐WM. The research findings provide data support for the updating and upgrading of welding techniques of 30CrMnSiNi2A thick‐walled cylinders.
Serum pro‐inflammatory cytokine interleukin‐6 level is predictive of further decompensation and mortality in liver cirrhosis
Authors: Ikeda Yuji , Nago Hiroki , Yamaguchi Masahiro , Om Rihwa , Terai Yuichiro , Kita Yuji , Sato Sho , Murata Ayato , Sato Shunsuke , Shimada Yuji , Nagahara Akihito , Genda Takuya 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAimSystemic inflammation drives the progression of portal hypertension in patients with liver cirrhosis. Interleukin‐6 is a key mediator of the cytokine network in acute inflammation that stimulates the production of many acute phase reactants. In this study, we investigated the association between serum interleukin‐6 and acute phase reactant levels and the disease stage and prognosis of patients with liver cirrhosis.MethodsA single‐center retrospective cohort of 359 patients with liver cirrhosis was staged according to the symptomatic decompensation. Baseline serum C‐reactive protein , interleukin‐6, procalcitonin, and serum amyloid A protein levels were measured. The outcomes of further decompensation, hepatocellular carcinoma development, and mortality were identified during a 3.3‐year median follow‐up period.ResultsSerum C‐reactive protein , interleukin‐6, and procalcitonin levels were significantly different across the stages. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model identified serum interleukin‐6 as an independent predictor of further decompensation in patients with compensated and the first single decompensated cirrhosis. Kaplan–Meier analyses showed that the probability of further decompensation was stratified by serum interleukin‐6 level in a dose‐dependent manner. In the entire cohort, serum interleukin‐6 level also showed a significant association with liver‐related and all‐cause mortalities, but not with hepatocellular carcinoma development, independent of stage and liver disease severity indices.ConclusionsElevated levels of serum markers of systemic inflammation were associated with symptomatic decompensation, and serum interleukin‐6 level is a predictor of further decompensation and mortality in patients with liver cirrhosis.
Non‐Uniform Stress Field of the Forearc Region in Middle Miocene Southwestern Japan Inferred From the Orientations of Clastic Dikes and Mineral Veins in the Tanabe Group
Authors: Abe Noriaki , Sato Katsushi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe Middle Miocene was a period of tectonic transition in the southwest Japan arc. The cessation of backarc spreading at 15 Ma has been thought to have caused a pronounced change in the overall stress state from tension to compression in the arc‐perpendicular direction. However, the spatial variation in stress throughout the arc, especially in the forearc, which reflects the characteristics of plate subduction, has yet to be delineated. This study investigates the stress field of the forearc region and its temporal change by applying a stress tensor inversion technique to outcrop‐scale dilatant fractures. We measured the attitudes of clastic dikes and mineral veins in the Lower–Middle Miocene Tanabe Group, the paleo‐forearc basin deposits in the southwestern Kii Peninsula. Results of paleostress analyses show that the Tanabe Group was influenced by (i) stress with an E–W minimum compressional axis before 15 Ma and (ii) stress with a NW–SE maximum horizontal compressional axis after 15 Ma. In contrast to conventional interpretations, we find that the former stress differed from arc‐perpendicular tension in the backarc region before 16 Ma. The latter stress differed from trench‐parallel tension on the southernmost Kii Peninsula. Such spatial non‐uniformity of the forearc stress can be explained by the occurrence of a dynamic backstop, such as a landward area of the out‐of‐sequence thrust, beneath the Tanabe Group.