bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apical closure and periapical healing in a non‐vital permanent tooth. Case report
Authors: Bourke L. F. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractCalcium hydroxide apexification treatment can be performed successfully in a non‐vital permanent tooth to attain apical closure and periapical healing. Disinfection of the root canal prior to the introduction of the calcium hydroxide dressing aids the process. This paper reports on such treatment in a newly erupted non‐vital premolar tooth with no visible signs of dental caries or other crown abnormality. Early radiographic assessment of permanent teeth is recommended.
Declining attendances for general anaesthesia and tooth extractions in children following the fluoridation of Melbourne
Authors: Chippendale I. , Storey E. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAttendances for tooth extractions under general anaesthesia in children aged one to seven years at the Royal Dental Hospital of Melbourne have declined about 80 per cent from 1977 to 1986. The form of the decline follows the general pattern of decreasing dental caries in younger children in Melbourne since fluoridation. Since 1983 the numbers of attendances and extractions have remained relatively constant. Now younger children requiring fewer extractions are attending the Hospital. While there has been an increase in the proportion of those needing one or two teeth removed, fewer children are having three or more teeth removed. Nevertheless a small proportion of children still require 10 or more teeth removed. Two‐thirds of the children presenting since 1983 have been life‐time residents of Melbourne, indicating that more than fluoridation is required to reduce dental caries to manageable proportions in some high risk groups.
Twenty years of antibiotic sensitivity testing of dental infections. Part 1. Antibiotic sensitivities, 1980 to 1986*
Authors: Woods Robin 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe results of 424 antibiotic sensitivity tests on bacteria isolated from pyogenic dental infections during the years 1980 to 1986 have been compiled. The bacteria involved have been identified and guidelines have been suggested for an appropriate antibiotic to assist in treatment of these infections.
The oral needs and demands of a geriatric population at Mt. Olivet, Brisbane, 1986
Authors: Homan B. T. , Lam B. , Larsen R. G. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAn epidemiological survey was conducted of 238 patients and residents of the Mt. Olivet Complex in Brisbane in January 1986 using a protocol which sought both interview and clinical data. Overall, 62 per cent of the population had one or more oral symptoms. However, ‘felt needs’ were expressed by 33 per cent of all examinees, predominantly for ‘dental treatment’ or ‘denture adjustment’. The ‘professionally‐determined need’ was established for 65 per cent of the survey population, of whom 74 per cent could be treated in a dental chair.A preventive approach to oral care is recommended. The primary preventive effort should be targeted on poor oral hygiene and xerostomia; and secondary prevention towards symptomatic treatment to minimize personal discomfort. Proposals for the delivery of dental services at Mt. Olivet are discussed.
A different design of palatal lift appliance: review and case reports
Authors: Spratley M. H. , Chenerey H. J. , Murdoch B. E. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe problems of velopharyngeal incompetence and its treatment by a prosthetic device, the palatal lift appliance, are discussed. A new design of appliance and the technique for its fabrication is described in detail. Four case reports are given.This design appears to have definite advantages over previously described designs, not the least of which is the simplicity of its fabrication both in the clinic and the laboratory.
Laboratory evaluation of the reversible/irreversible hydrocolloid impression technique
Authors: Thomasz F. G. V. , Chong M. P. , Tyas M. J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe bond strength of reversible hydrocolloid (agar) to irreversible hydrocolloid (alginate), using three agars and eight alginates, was measured in tension. The dimensional stability of three agars with three alginates was measured using a standard dimensional stability die.Tensile bond strength values ranged from 0 kPa to 16.6 kPa, with one agar having consistently the lowest bond strength to all alginates. The dimensional change of the combination impression was up to 1 per cent, and was within acceptable limits under the conditions of the experiment.Selective use of agar and alginate is required to produce a clinically useful impression, and recommendations are given on such selection.
Twenty years of antibiotic sensitivity testing of dental infections. Part 2. A review, 1966–1986
Authors: Woods Robin 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA review spanning the years 1966–1986 has been made of the bacteria isolated from pyogenic dental infections and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns. Changes in the type of bacteria isolated from these infections and their antibiotic sensitivities have been identified. Antibiotic regimens aimed at reducing the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria have been suggested.
The dental health of Indo‐Chinese and Australian‐born adolescents
Authors: Durward Callum S. , Wright F. A. C. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractSince 1975, more than 100 000 Indo‐Chinese refugees from Vietnam, Kampuchea, and Laos have been resettled in Australia. This dental survey was undertaken to compare the dental health of 104 Australian‐born and 126 Indo‐Chinese adolescents from a State high school within a high migrant area of Melbourne. The mean DMFT score for the Australian‐born group was 3.37 teeth, compared with 6.05 for the Vietnamese group, and 3.10 for the Kampuchean‐Laotian group. More restorations and extractions were required by the Vietnamese subjects compared with the Australian‐born and Kampuchean‐Laotian subjects. Almost all subjects had gingivitis, however the proportion of Indo‐Chinese subjects with shallow and deep pockets was greater than that of the Australian‐born subjects. The periodontal health of the Kampucheans and Laotians was the most severe of the Indo‐Chinese groups. These findings indicate that the Indo‐Chinese adolescent refugees represent a high risk group for dental problems within the Australian population.
A comparison of the cariogenicity of two infant snack foods
Authors: Pearce E. I. F. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractTwo snack foods marketed specifically for infants were compared in caries prediction tests. A milk powder‐supplemented fruit and cereal snack bar produced more titratable acid but did not reach as low a terminal pH as a sweet biscuit on in vitro fermentation by salivary organisms. In an intra‐oral caries test the fruit/cereal bar caused significantly less enamel softening than the biscuit. While this latter test does not assess food retention in the mouth and other factors important in caries, the results suggest that, under similar usage by children, the fruit bar will be less cariogenic. Because it was not absolutely safe with respect to caries, frequency of eating cannot be disregarded. Availability of the fruit snack bar is an important development, allowing an additional choice for parents who wish to select low‐cariogenicity foods for their children.
Clinical evaluation of Scotchbond™ three‐year results
Authors: Tyas M. J. , Burns G. A. , Byrne P. F. , Cunningham P. J. , Dobson B. C. , Widdop F. T. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn a previous paper, the one‐year retention of composite resin in non‐undercut Class V abrasion lesions mediated by self‐cure Scotchbond dentine bonding agent without enamel etching was reported. The present paper reports the three‐year results. Initially, a total of 310 restorations was placed using Silux, Silar, Ketac‐Fil and Fuji II. The percentage cumulative loss of the restorations at two and three years, respectively, was: Silux 27, 30; Silar 58, 58; Ketac‐Fil 0, 0; Fuji II 4, 14. Over the total study period, there was a high loss rate of composite restorations in the first six months, and a tendency to increased loss over one to three years. There was a significant increase in marginal discoloration, assessed photographically, over the three‐year period, and caries was present around some restorations.
Central neurilemmoma (schwannoma) of the mandible. Case report
Authors: Stevenson A. R. L. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA neurilemmoma presenting as a central bone tumour is uncommon with less than 40 cases having been reported in the jaws. A further case of intraosseous (central) neurilemmoma arising in the posterior mandible of a 55 year old Vietnamese woman is presented with discussion on the incidence, clinical presentation, radiographic appearance, histology and treatment of this benign neurogenic tumour.
Some immunological findings in adult periodontitis
Authors: Olśanska‐Seidlová A. , Skarlandt P. , Mikulecky M. , Seymour G. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThere is little doubt that immunological mechanisms play an important role in chronic inflammatory periodontal disease. At the same time, it is recognized that patient susceptibility is ultimately responsible for the clinical manifestation of the disease. In this context, the present study was undertaken to examine a range of systemic immunological parameters in patients with adult periodontitis (AP), so as to test the hypothesis that a specific pattern would identify diseased — possibly ‘at risk’ — patients. These parameters included serum IgA, IgG, IgM, IgD, C3, transferrin, the presence of circulating immune complexes, and the number of circulating T (E‐rosette forming) cells. One hundred and forty AP patients and 70 healthy controls were examined. Following a complex statistical analysis only the levels of IgG, IgM and IgD were significantly increased in adult periodontitis (p < 0.05) while an increase in circulatory immune complexes was significant only for separate statistical tests. Although statistically different, the levels seen in AP patients were still within the normal range hence the clinical significance of the findings is such that it is unlikely that these systemic immunological parameters per se do define an ‘at risk’ population.
The bond strengths of various adhesives used for Maryland Bridges
Authors: Flood Andrew M. , Brockhurst Peter , Harcourt John K. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe tensile bond strengths of three groups of adhesives to two electrolytically etched alloys were studied. It was found that the bis‐GMA composite resins gave statistically similar bond strengths. The newer Japanese acrylics tested gave statistically higher results than the bis‐GMA resins. The clinical significance of these results is discussed.
An evaluation of a rapid setting glass ionomer cement in general dental practice
Authors: Knibbs P. J. , Plant C. G. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractForty‐five general dental practitioners evaluated the clinical handling properties and performance of a newly formulated glass ionomer cement of the powder/water type. Seven hundred and ninety restorations were placed and 457 were reviewed after seven months. This formulation set rapidly. Approximately 95 per cent of the restorations performed well over the period of assessment. The results of this trial were compared with those of a trial on an earlier glass ionomer cement. The main advantage of the new formulation was the improved handling properties, notably the speed of set. Misuse of the material was the major factor responsible for poor clinical performance.
The influence of mixing ratio on the working time, strength and wear of composites
Authors: de Gee A. J. , ten Harkel H. C. , Davidson C. L. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe influence of varying the paste‐to‐paste ratio of chemically initiated composites on the working time, diametral tensile strength and in vitro ‘occlusal’ wear was investigated. If the mixing ratio was varied, the working time was not equally affected for the various brands. This is explained by different relative inhibitor concentrations in the pastes. Within reasonable deviations from the 1:1 ratio, no significant influence on the diametral tensile strength occurred. Wear properties as determined by a simulated occlusal wear test on three posterior composites, was more sensitive to the mixing ratio.
The restoration of endodontically treated teeth. Part 2. Posts
Authors: Hunter A. J. , Flood A. M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractPosts are normally used to aid core retention and to provide tooth support, although a significant minority question the use of posts in the latter role. A direct relationship is thought to exist between the quantity of sound tooth structure and tooth strength and care is required when preparing teeth to accept posts. Post configuration is of over‐riding importance in determining retention and support and the effect on retention of small increases to post length should not be over emphasized. Because accurate post fit is important to maximize both retention and support, direct fabrication techniques using matched post/reamer systems are recommended.
Mouthguards and the role of Sporting Team Dentists
Authors: Chapman P. J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractWith the increased popularity of contact sports and encouragement to participate at an early age, the role of the dental profession in relation to prevention of dental and other orofacial sporting injuries has become more important. Provision of professionally‐fitted (custom) mouthguards for persons involved in contact sports, recognition of the ‘injury prone dentition’, and expertise in immediate management of dental injuries form the basis of sports dentistry. The aim of this review paper is to increase professional awareness and interest. Additionally, it is hoped to stimulate dentists to become involved as sporting club consultants.
An in vitro comparison of the single cone and lateral condensation techniques using ‘friction‐fitted’ and ‘solvent dip‐fitted’ primary gutta‐percha cones
Authors: Narracott P. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractExtracted teeth, root‐filled by single cone and lateral condensation techniques, using friction fitted and solvent (chloroform and eucalyptol) dip‐fitted primary gutta‐percha cones, were compared with respect to apical sealing as measured by length of dye penetration and frequency of no dye penetration. Overall, the single cone techniques were significantly more effective than lateral condensation techniques regarding length of dye penetration. The single cone techniques were not significantly different from the lateral condensation technique which employed chloroform dip‐fitted primary guttapercha cones regarding length of dye penetration. The single cone and lateral condensation techniques which utilized chloroform dip‐fitted cones ranked first and second with respect to frequency of no dye penetration.
Cement spacing for the one‐step post‐core and crown. A new laboratory technique
Authors: Darveniza M. , Cheong K. , Basford K. E. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA technique to provide cement spacing for cast post‐cores prior to construction of their crowns is described. The axial lift of crowns cemented with zinc phosphate was greater, but not significantly, for crowns constructed on non‐spaced post‐cores compared with crowns constructed on spaced post‐cores. Three materials were evaluated to determine their effectiveness in providing cement spacing for post‐cores. The phenomenon of post‐core ‘wedging’ during luting was identified.
Refractory chronic periodontitis: effect of oral tetracycline hydrochloride and root planing
Authors: Papli Rain , Lewis Jenny M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractRefractory chronic periodontitis of 16 patients was treated by root planing and adjunctive tetracycline hydrochloride therapy. The antibiotic was taken orally one hour before root planing and continued for six days at a dosage of 250 mg six hourly. The clinical data for each patient were recorded as the number of probing depths in each of the 1–3 mm, 4–6 mm and 7–10 mm ranges. The Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) procedure for repeated measurements was used to analyse the data. The results demonstrated that the number of sites with probing depths of 4–6 mm and 7–10 mm associated with incisors, canines, premolars and molars decreased with a corresponding increase in the number of sites in the 1–3 mm range. Incisor and canine teeth showed a better response to treatment than premolars, which responded better than molars. The cases were followed for varying periods of time from six months to two years following antibiotic therapy. The probing depth reduction achieved following root planing and tetracycline hydrochloride therapy was maintained during this review period.
Service‐mix in general dental practice in Australia
Authors: Spencer A. John , Lewis Jenny M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAn understanding of the current service‐mix in private general practice in Australia and the factors that may influence its distribution is important in the anticipation of the future practice of dentistry. The present study aimed to describe service‐mix, to investigate the association of service‐mix with characteristics of presenting patients, and to identify and discuss a number of factors which may be influencing change in service‐mix. Service‐mix was dominated by restorative, diagnostic and preventive services and a limited number of services accounted for most service provision or dentist time. Both the broad areas of service and more frequently provided services were related to age of presenting patients. Service‐mix appears to be changing over time. Changing needs and expectations of patients and philosophies and technologies available to dentists are among factors that push or pull service‐mix in new directions. However, changing service‐mix and practitioner variation require considerably more exploration.
Kaposi's sarcoma of the palate in a patient with AIDS: An unusual presentation
Authors: Daly C. G. , Allan B. P. , Bhagwandeen S. B. , Sutherland D. C. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractKaposi's sarcoma, formerly a rare tumour in the western world, is now found frequently in homosexual patients with the Acquired immune Deficiency Syndrome. A common site of occurrence is the mouth. The characteristic intra‐oral appearance of the lesion is of a flat or raised pigmented lesion. An intra‐oral Kaposi's sarcoma which was not pigmented and which presented as a painless, soft swelling on the hard palate is reported. The unusual appearance of the lesion is described and the importance of accurate diagnosis of intra‐oral lesions in patients with the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome is emphasized.
The restoration of endodontically treated teeth. Part 3. Cores
Authors: Hunter A. J. , Flood A. M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe functions and features of cores in restorative dentistry and the importance of preserving sound tooth tissue are discussed. The experimental and clinical support for a perceived superiority of cast post cores is reviewed. It is suggested that there is a need to re‐evaluate this viewpoint, particularly when restoring posterior teeth. The materials currently in use are briefly discussed as well as research relating to possible core/luting agent interactions.
A discussion of some factors of relevance to the occlusion of complete dentures
Authors: Mack Peter J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThere exists general agreement that in the construction of complete dentures the accurate positioning of the plane of occlusion is essential for correct denture function. Yet rarely does a prosthodontist give detailed instructions concerning the positioning of this plane to the technician who is to set the teeth.In this paper the three‐dimensional location and form of the occlusal plane is discussed.For both anatomical and mechanical reasons the author favours the use of the mandibular rather than the maxillary record rim as the clinical determinant of the level of the artificial occlusion. A change in the method of setting the face‐bow is recommended to allow for the difference between the cranial Frankfort plane and the axis‐orbital plane of the articulator.Arguments are advanced to support the proposal that artificial teeth should be set to an intercuspal location forward of centric relation; and that the form of the antero‐posterior compensating curve of the artificial dentition should be determined by the clinician before the teeth are set to the registration rims.
Dens evaginatus
Authors: McAllan L. H. , Defteros P. A. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractDens evaginatus is a developmental anomaly primarily in people of Mongoloid origin. The premolar teeth are more often affected, although molars, canines and incisors have been recorded as affected. The anomaly consists of a tubercle of enamel‐covered dentine, containing an extension of pulpal tissue. Early attrition or fracture of the tubercle can result in pulpal necrosis in immature teeth.
Strength properties of three zinc phosphate cements mixed to two different consistencies
Authors: Bruce W. L. , Stevens L. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractWhen hand‐mixing is used, clinicians mix zinc phosphate cement to consistencies which allow proper seating of restorations. Slump tests have indicated that the same two preferred consistencies (one for cementing a single unit restoration, the other for cementing a multiple unit restoration) could be obtained at different slab temperatures for three cements by mixing to certain powder‐liquid ratios which were different for each cement. Each cement could be repeatedly mixed to the preferred consistency by using the appropriate powder‐liquid ratio. The compressive and tensile strengths of the cements varied, although mixed to the same consistency. Selection of a cement for clinical use should be based on its strength properties when mixed to a preferred consistency.
The tensile strength of the union between various glass ionomer cements and various composite resins*
Authors: Mount G. J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIncreasing use is being made of the glass ionomer cements as a lining for composite resin restorations, particularly when restoring posterior teeth. It has been suggested that it is possible to obtain a mechanical union between the two materials by etching the surface of the cement.This paper discusses the result of testing a broad variety of combinations of different glass ionomer cements and composite resins that have been reported on previously, and suggests that a number of factors need to be taken into account if the optimum physical properties are to be achieved from the union. There would appear to be four main factors which dictate the final strength of the union. The tensile strength of the cement itself is of primary importance and it seems the wettability of the resin bonding agent is also significant. When using some of the less heavily filled composite resins, the stresses set up by the setting contraction of the resin may be too great and, finally, the more heavily filled composite resins for restoration of posterior teeth often prove difficult to adapt to the underlying cement.With careful clinical handling, the so‐called ‘sandwich’ technique is very useful. However, not all combinations of glass ionomer cement and composite resin will unite with sufficient strength to be successful clinically.
Colour changes on curing light‐activated anterior restorative resins
Authors: Makinson O. F. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractWith many composite resins operators may notice a change in colour after light curing the restoration. Three types of specimen — a disc, a simulated Class III and a veneer — were made using a series of composite resins. Generally, resins became lighter or more translucent on irradiation. This was not only true for a range of resins from a single company but also the extent of the change was brand dependent. For most resins the opacity decreased with curing and most of this change occurred with a 20 seconds cure. The reflectance was approximately 50 per cent greater for resins placed over a white background than on a dark background for the thin disc specimens.