bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of dental measurement systems for taxonomic assignment of first molars
Authors: Benazzi Stefano , Coquerelle Michael , Fiorenza Luca , Bookstein Fred , Katina Stanislav , Kullmer Ottmar 
Published: November 2010

AbstractMorphometrics of the molar crown is based traditionally on diameter measurements but is nowadays more often based on 2D image analysis of crown outlines. An alternative approach involves measurements at the level of the cervical line. We compare the information content of the two options in a three‐dimensional (3D) digital sample of lower and upper first molars (M1 and M1) of modern human and Neanderthal teeth. The cervical outline for each tooth was created by digitizing the cervical line and then sectioning the tooth with a best fit plane. The crown outline was projected onto this same plane. The curves were analyzed by direct extraction of diameters, diagonals, and area and also by principal component analysis either of the residuals obtained by regressing out these measurements from the radii (shape information) or directly by the radii (size and shape information). For M1, the crown and cervical outline radii allow us to discriminate between Neanderthals and modern humans with 90% and 95% accuracy, respectively. Fairly good discrimination between the groups (80–82.5%) was also obtained using cervical measurements. With respect to M1, general overlap of the two groups was obtained by both crown and cervical measurements; however, the two taxa were differentiable by crown outline residuals (90–97%). Accordingly, while crown diameters or crown radii should be used for taxonomic analysis of unworn or slightly worn M1s, the crown outline, after regressing out size information, could be promising for taxonomic assignment of lower M1s. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Admixed ancestry and stratification of Quebec regional populations
Authors: Bherer Claude , Labuda Damian , Roy‐Gagnon Marie‐Hélène , Houde Louis , Tremblay Marc , Vézina Hélène 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPopulation stratification results from unequal, nonrandom genetic contribution of ancestors and should be reflected in the underlying genealogies. In Quebec, the distribution of Mendelian diseases points to local founder effects suggesting stratification of the contemporary French Canadian gene pool. Here we characterize the population structure through the analysis of the genetic contribution of 7,798 immigrant founders identified in the genealogies of 2,221 subjects partitioned in eight regions. In all but one region, about 90% of gene pools were contributed by early French founders. In the eastern region where this contribution was 76%, we observed higher contributions of Acadians, British and American Loyalists. To detect population stratification from genealogical data, we propose an approach based on principal component analysis (PCA) of immigrant founders' genetic contributions. This analysis was compared with a multidimensional scaling of pairwise kinship coefficients. Both methods showed evidence of a distinct identity of the northeastern and eastern regions and stratification of the regional populations correlated with geographical location along the St‐Lawrence River. In addition, we observed a West‐East decreasing gradient of diversity. Analysis of PC‐correlated founders illustrates the differential impact of early versus latter founders consistent with specific regional genetic patterns. These results highlight the importance of considering the geographic origin of samples in the design of genetic epidemiology studies conducted in Quebec. Moreover, our results demonstrate that the study of deep ascending genealogies can accurately reveal population structure. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Piriformis and obturator internus morphology: A cadaveric study
Authors: Pine James , Binns Malcolm , Wright Phil , Soames Roger 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPreservation of piriformis during exposure of the hip joint via a posterior approach may result in a lower rate of dislocation following total hip arthroplasty. The aim of this study was to identify anatomical variations in the tendons of piriformis and obturator internus which could inform piriformis sparing approaches to the hip. Twenty‐nine proximal femora from 15 cadavers, 5 male and 10 female aged 65–79 years, were examined. Tendon crossing angles, location and mode of insertion to the greater trochanter and the extent of fusion between tendons prior to insertion were noted. The mean (and associated standard deviation) of the vertical and horizontal widths of the piriformis tendon were 4.78 ± 1.31 mm and 7.35 ± 1.74 mm, respectively. The mean (and associated standard deviation) of the vertical and horizontal widths of the obturator internus tendon were 6.87 ± 1.61 mm and 5.72 ± 1.38 mm, respectively. The mean distances of the anterior and posterior margins of the piriformis tendon insertion from the posterior limit of the greater trochanter, defined as a percentage of the anteroposterior length of the greater trochanter, were 63.3% ± 9.4% and 43.0% ± 9.4%, respectively. Equivalent mean distances for the obturator internus insertion were 73.0% ± 6.6% and 55.9% ± 7.0%, respectively. On the basis of the relationship between the piriformis and obturator internus tendons in terms of the angle and point at which they cross, in addition to any degree of tendon fusion, four classifications were identified. This study shows that the most posterior margins of the piriformis and obturator internus attachments are located more than one‐third of the way along the greater trochanter, suggesting that current osteotomies would not include these external rotators in the majority of cases. Clin. Anat. 24:70–76, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Brachialis insertion measurement: An anatomic cadaver study for plate fixation of the coronoid process fracture
Authors: MA Jun‐Feng , Chang Shi‐Min 
Published: November 2010

AbstractDetailed assessment of the proximity of the brachialis insertion to the anterior bundle of the medial collateral ligament and its potential influence on plate application for the treatment of the coronoid process fracture has not been reported previously. The purpose of this study was to describe the anatomic interval used for coronoid plate and the measurement of the brachialis insertion to confirm partial release of the insertion site may be required during plate fixation of the coronoid process fracture. After eight fresh‐frozen cadaveric elbows were dissected, the interval between the brachialis insertion and the attachment of the anterior bundle of medial collateral ligament was identified, and the gross morphological characteristics of the brachialis insertion were also recorded. The average width of the interval was 4.14 mm, and the brachialis was found to be consisted of a superficial head and a deep head, and insertion of the deep head was composed of three units: a medial aponeurosis, a lateral aponeurosis, and muscle fibers inserted directly into the ulna. The interval between the brachialis insertion and the attachment of the anterior bundle of medial collateral ligament can be used for placement of the coronoid plate regardless of the plate type. Partial release of the brachialis insertion is necessary during the operation, while the width of the plate is larger than that of the interval. This study may provide some useful information on plate application for the treatment of the coronoid process fracture. Clin. Anat. 24:179–182, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An examination of the usage and impact of upward influence tactics by workers in the hospitality sector of Taiwan: Expanding the framework of rao, schmidt, and murray (1995)
Authors: Su Che‐Jen 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis study adds the political tendencies of subordinates and their organizational socialization as antecedents to the Rao, Schmidt, and Murray (1995) framework of the use of upward influence tactics. Supervisor trust in the subordinate was added as an outcome. Furthermore, using 278 subordinate‐supervisor dyads in the Taiwanese hotel industry, a full range of influence tactics were examined. Political tendencies and socialization were associated with subordinate use of influence tactics. However, assertiveness was the only tactic strongly and negatively associated with both performance rating and the level of trust the manager placed in the subordinate. Importantly, these negative effects were mediated by supervisor impressions of subordinate tenacity and disagreeableness. Copyright © 2010 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structure–Activity Relationship Study of 16 a‐Thiocamptothecins: an Integrated In Vitro and In Silico Approach
Authors: Samorì Cristian , Beretta Giovanni L. , Varchi Greta , Guerrini Andrea , Di%emsp14;Micco Simone , Basili Serena , Bifulco Giuseppe , Riccio Raffaele , Moro Stefano , Bombardelli Ezio , Zunino Franco , Fontana Gabriele 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe instability of the hydroxylactone E ring represents a critical drawback of camptothecins, because the lactone ring is recognized to be essential for stabilization of topoisomerase I‐mediated DNA cleavage. In an attempt to investigate the effect of the thiopyridone pharmacophofore on the molecular and pharmacological features of the drug, we prepared a series of novel 16 a‐thiocamptothecin analogues. Due to the sulfur atom, a destabilization of the hydrogen bond between the hydroxy group in position 17 of the opened E ring and the carbonyl of the pyridone moiety is predicted, thus shifting the equilibrium toward the closed lactone form and increasing the lipophilic properties of the compounds. This feature was associated with superior antiproliferative potency, with reduced interaction with the human serum albumin and with substantial increase of the persistence of the topoisomerase I–DNA cleavable complex. These effects were prominent for thio‐SN38, the most active compound of the series. The favorable interactions at the molecular and cellular level of the reported thiocamptothecins confer promising features, and these compounds warrant preclinical development.
Diabetes and breast cancer among women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations
Authors: Bordeleau Louise , Lipscombe Lorraine , Lubinski Jan , Ghadirian Parviz , Foulkes William D. , Neuhausen Susan , Ainsworth Peter , Pollak Michael , Sun Ping , Narod Steven A. ,   the Hereditary Breast Cancer Clinical Study Group
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Hyperinsulinemia and the metabolic syndrome are both risk factors for breast cancer. It is not clear if diabetes is associated with the risk of breast cancer in women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation.METHODS:The authors reviewed the medical histories of 6052 women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation, half of whom had been diagnosed with breast cancer. They estimated the odds ratio for breast cancer, given a self‐report of diabetes. They then estimated the hazard ratio for a new diagnosis of diabetes associated with a history of breast cancer.RESULTS:There was no excess of diabetes in the period before the diagnosis of breast cancer, compared with controls with no diagnosis of breast cancer. The risk of diabetes was doubled among BRCA carriers in the 15‐year period after the diagnosis of breast cancer (relative risk, 2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4‐2.8; P = .0001), compared with carriers without cancer. The risk was particularly high for women with a body mass index (BMI) >25.0 kg/m2 (odds ratio, 5.8; 95% CI, 4.0‐8.6; P = .0001).CONCLUSIONS:After a diagnosis of breast cancer, women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation face a 2‐fold increase in the risk of diabetes, which is exacerbated by a high BMI. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Marital status and stage at diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma
Authors: McLaughlin John M. , Fisher James L. , Paskett Electra D. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:We evaluated the effect of marital status on risk of late‐stage cutaneous melanoma diagnosis.METHODS:Information about melanoma patients was obtained from Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER), 1973‐2006. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to estimate relative risks of late‐stage disease at diagnosis.RESULTS:After exclusion criteria, 192,014 adult melanoma patients remained for analyses. After adjustment for age, race, year of diagnosis, tumor histology, anatomic site, socioeconomic status, and SEER site, the relationship between estimated risk of late‐stage melanoma diagnosis and marital status was dependent on sex (P < .0001 for interaction). Although unmarried patients had a higher risk of being diagnosed at a late stage among men and women, the magnitude of the effect varied by sex. Moreover, among married, single, and divorced or separated patients, men had more than a 50% increase in risk of late‐stage diagnosis when compared with women. Widowed men and widowed women, however, were not statistically different in their stage at diagnosis.CONCLUSIONS:Results from this study are important and may be used by clinicians and public health practitioners interested in increasing the proportion of melanoma patients diagnosed at an early stage through screening, perhaps by specifically targeting unmarried individuals in addition to having broad‐based skin cancer prevention programs. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
A Time‐Dependent Picture of the Ultrafast Deactivation of keto‐Cytosine Including Three‐State Conical Intersections
Authors: González‐Vázquez Jesús , González Leticia 
Published: November 2010

AbstractUsing mixed quantum–classical dynamics, the lowest part of the UV absorption spectrum and the first deactivation steps of keto‐cytosine have been investigated. The spectrum shows several strong peaks, which mainly come from the S1 and S2 states, with minor contributions from the S3. The semiclassical trajectories, launched from these three states, clearly indicate that at least four states are involved in the relaxation of keto‐cytosine to the ground state. Non‐adiabatic transfer between the ππ* and nπ* excited states and deactivation via three‐state conical intersections is observed in the very early stage of the dynamics. In less than 100 fs, a large amount of population is deactivated to the ground state via several mechanisms; some population remains trapped in the S2 state. The latter two events can be connected to the fs and ps transients observed experimentally.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology features of a recurring plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor in the upper limb and review of the literature
Authors: Chou Shaun , Howle Julie , Chandraratnam Edward , Achan Anita 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPlexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor is a rare soft tissue tumor that has a propensity to occur in the extremities in adolescents and young adults. Its cytologic features are not well documented, with only two case reports available in the literature. We present the case of a recurrent plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor in a 19‐year‐old male, the cytologic features of which mimic that of a high‐grade sarcoma. We discuss the likely differential diagnosis based on the cytologic findings and a review of the current literature on this highly unusual tumor is also performed. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011;39:49–53. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Smear preparation of intracranial lesions: A retrospective study of 306 cases
Authors: Ghosal Nandita , Hegde A. S. , Murthy Ganesh , Furtado Sunil V. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA cytohistological correlation with determination of accuracy rate of smear preparation result was done in a retrospective study of 306 cases of intracranial tumors. Cytomorphology of few new entities of CNS tumors are described.The cytological features and WHO grading of the tumors were described on smear preparation. The cases with discrepancy in cytological and histological diagnosis were reviewed again and a final possible diagnosis on smear preparation which should have been given is discussed. The clinical details like the age, sex, and site of the tumors were analyzed.The age range of the patients was from 3 years to 63 years with male:female ratio of 1.5:1. Of the total 306 cases, a cytohistological correlation was seen in 93% cases. Twenty‐two (7.3%) cases showed discrepancy between the crush preparation diagnosis and final histopathological diagnosis. Majority of the tumors were located in the cerebral hemisphere (56%) and the most frequently diagnosed tumor was astrocytoma, in particular, pilocytic astrocytoma (18.5%) followed by meningioma (11.9%), medulloblastoma (7.3%), anaplastic oligodendroglioma (5%), ependymoma (4.3%), pituitary adenoma (3.3%), schwannoma (3.3%), etc. A few rarer tumors, in central nervous system like differentiating neuroblastoma, pineocytoma, atypical choroid plexus papilloma, piloxmyxoid astrocytoma, rosette forming glioneuronal tumor, etc. are also described,Smear/crush preparation is a very effective, simple, rapid and reliable technique for the diagnosis and WHO grading of central nervous system tumors. Diagnostic accuracy of cytology with final histopathological report is established with accuracy rate of 93%. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The value of duplicate slides on atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high‐grade intraepithelial lesion
Authors: Zhang Songlin , Kelly Brandi , Hospodar Elizabeth , Thibodeaux Joel , Thomas Jaiyeola , Abreo Fleurette 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAtypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC‐H) category was added to the 2001 Bethesda System. ASC‐H accounts for a small percentage (0.2–0.6%) of abnormal Pap smears and includes heterogenous group of lesions. There are more high‐grade cervical lesions (30–50%) in ASC‐H than ASC‐US (10–15%). An accurate Pap diagnosis is crucial for appropriate patient follow‐up and treatment.A total of 43 consecutive ASC‐H cases were collected from October 2007 to March 2008, and all duplicate and the original slides were reviewed blindly at the end of the study. On review of the duplicate Pap slides, 18 cases had diagnostic SIL cells (15 HSIL, 2 LSIL with ASC‐H, and 1 LSIL). The duplicate slides could have potentially changed 18 (41.9%) ASC‐H diagnoses to a more definitive SIL diagnosis. On review of the original Pap slides, 8 of these 18 cases also had HSIL cells. Twenty‐one follow‐up cervical biopsies (21/43, 48.8%) showed 12 CIN 2/3, 4 CIN 1, 1 VAIN 1, 2 cervical polyps, 1 negative for dysplasia, and 1 insufficient for diagnosis. The CIN 2/3 rate was 57.1% (12/21) based on the original ASC‐H Pap diagnosis. The CIN 2/3 rates were 80% (8/10) with SIL cells on duplicate slides and 36.4% (4/11) without SIL cases on duplicate slides.Our study suggested that duplicate slides were very useful for further classification of ASC‐H, but other ancillary tests might be necessary for some cases. We propose a systematic approach using combined duplicate slides and reflex HPV testing to further classify ASC‐H. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fine needle aspiration cytology of epithelioid sarcoma
Authors: Barwad Adarsh , Dey Pranab , Das Ashim 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn this case report, we have described the fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of epithelioid sarcoma (ES) in a 40‐year‐old female patient who presented with multiple nodular swellings over right forearm and single right axillary lymph node. The FNAC smear showed predominantly dispersed as well as three‐dimensional clusters of malignant cells admixed with basement membrane like material. The individual cells were moderately pleomorphic with round to oval nuclei and moderate to abundant amount of cytoplasm. The neoplastic cells have well‐defined cytoplasmic borders and intercellular spaces. The excision biopsy of the swelling of the forearm showed ES. The cytology features of ES are characteristic and a preoperative diagnosis is helpful for proper management of the case. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology with histological correlation of chordoma metastatic to the lung: A diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Kanthan Rani , Senger Jenna‐Lynn 
Published: November 2010

AbstractChordoma is an uncommon tumor initially believed to be benign due to the rarity of its metastasis. Cytological, morphological, and immunohistochemical features of chordoma, relating to its origin from notochordal remnants, allows for its accurate diagnosis. A 75‐year‐old man with a known history of tuberculosis (TB) presented with shortness of breath and a dry cough. A chest X‐ray demonstrated a diffuse, infiltrative miliary pattern in both lungs. Bronchial washings submitted for culture and cytological examination did not identify any tuberculous bacilli. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) showed focal areas of myxoid regions with small, round, uniform mononuclear cells. There was a documented past history of chordoma arising from the L2 vertebrae. Because of the rarity of this lesion in the lung and the limited diagnostic material available with a clinical history of TB and lumbar chordoma, the pathological report rendered on the FNAC was “atypical cells suspicious for metastatic chordoma.” A wedge biopsy of the lung confirmed the presence of metastatic pulmonary chordoma. Despite palliative treatment, he died within a year. Although the metastatic potential of chordomas has been recognized and documented, to the best of our knowledge, metastasis of chordoma to the lung diagnosed by FNAC with cytohistological correlation has not been previously reported in the English literature. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus exhibits distinct clinical and autoimmunity features from classical type 1 diabetes mellitus in Chinese
Authors: Zheng Chao , Zhou Zhiguang , Yang Lin , Lin Jian , Huang Gan , Li Xia , Zhou Weidong , Wang Xiangbing , Liu Zhenqi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackgroundFulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by abrupt onset of hyperglycemia and rapid progression to ketoacidosis. This study aimed at examining the clinical and autoimmunity features of fulminant T1DM in Chinese.MethodsA total of 24 patients with fulminant T1DM and 48 classical autoimmune T1DM patients with acute onset of ketoacidosis were recruited. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were tested. Serum antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase 65, tyrosine phosphatase‐2 and zinc transporter 8 were measured, and human leukocyte antigen‐DQ haplotypes were determined. Peripheral glutamic acid decarboxylase 65‐specific T‐cell responses in some subjects were determined.ResultsCompared with autoimmune T1DM patients, patients with fulminant T1DM displayed more flu‐like and gastrointestinal symptoms, and had significantly higher concentrations of plasma glucose, more severe ketoacidosis, very low levels of pancreatic β‐cell reserve, but only slightly increased haemoglobin A1c levels. In some patients, the disease onset was associated with drug‐related hypersensitivity, pregnancy, or positive serum IgM against viruses. Forty percent (8/20) had low titres of autoantibodies against at least one of the islet autoantigens tested. Three out of six patients had positive glutamic acid decarboxylase‐reactive Th1 responses. The frequency of human leukocyte antigen ‐DQA1*0102‐DQB1*0601 haplotype was significantly higher in patients with fulminant T1DM.ConclusionsFulminant T1DM is a distinct entity with unique clinical characteristics and may be mediated by multiple factors, including viral infection, pregnancy, and drug sensitivity syndrome, among others, in the presence of humoral and/or cellular autoimmunity and susceptible genetic background. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.