bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obesity enhances the response to neoadjuvant anti‐PD1 therapy in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Tan Xiyan , Li Guoli , Deng Honghao , Xiao Guoming , Wang Yaqin , Zhang Chenzhi , Chen Yanfeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesPrevious studies have demonstrated that obesity may impact the efficacy of anti‐PD1 therapy, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, our objective was to determine the prognostic value of obesity in patients with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) treated with pembrolizumab and establish a subtype based on fatty acid metabolism‐related genes (FAMRGs) for immunotherapy.Materials and MethodsWe enrolled a total of 56 patients with OTSCC who underwent neoadjuvant anti‐PD1 therapy. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, and immunohistochemistry staining were performed. Additionally, we acquired the gene expression profiles of pan‐cancer samples and conducted GSEA and KEGG pathway analysis. Moreover, data from TCGA, MSigDB, UALCAN, GEPIA and TIMER were utilized to construct the FAMRGs subtype.ResultsOur findings indicate that high Body Mass Index (BMI) was significantly associated with improved PFS (HR = 0.015; 95% CI, 0.001 to 0.477; p = 0.015), potentially attributed to increased infiltration of PD1 + T cells. A total of 91 differentially expressed FAMRGs were identified between the response and non‐response groups in pan‐cancer patients treated with immunotherapy. Of these, 6 hub FAMRGs (ACSL5, PLA2G2D, PROCA1, IL4I1, UBE2L6 and PSME1) were found to affect PD‐1 expression and T cell infiltration in HNSCC, which may impact the efficacy of anti‐PD1 therapy.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that obesity serves as a robust prognostic predictor for patients with OTSCC undergoing neoadjuvant anti‐PD1 therapy. Furthermore, the expression of 6 hub FAMRGs (ACSL5, PLA2G2D, PROCA1, IL4I1, UBE2L6 and PSME1) plays a pivotal role in the context of anti‐PD1 therapy and deserves further investigation.
Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis from granulocyte‐stimulating factor in a patient with ANCA vasculitis
Authors: Chaisrimaneepan Nattanicha , Saowapa Sakditad , Pangkanon Watsachon , Thongpiya Jerapas , Yingchoncharoen Pitchaporn , Polpichai Natchaya , Siladech Pharit 
Published: June 2024

Key Clinical MessageNeutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis (NEH) is one of the cutaneous manifestations of chemotherapy side effects. However, it can arise from other non‐chemotherapy medications. The granulocyte‐colony‐stimulating factor is a medication reported to trigger NEH.
A Pyridine Anchoring Strategy for Dye‐Sensitized Photocatalysis
Authors: Tang Kun , Shao Jiang‐Yang , Zhong Yu‐Wu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAnchoring groups play an important role in the assembly of functional molecules onto semiconductor substrates for dye‐sensitized photocatalysis. In addition to directly influencing the adsorption stability, anchoring groups significantly impact the efficiency of electron or hole injection into the substrate, which is a crucial step for photocatalytic reactions. Most reported dye‐sensitized photocatalytic systems, including semiconductor nanoparticles and photoelectrochemical cells, are prepared using the carboxylic or phosphonic acid anchors. The systems prepared with these conventional anchors usually suffer from low adsorption stability in aqueous media. Alternatively, pyridine has emerged as an anchoring group of photosensitizers and molecular catalysts in the construction of photocatalytic systems. The resulting semiconductor nanoparticles and photoelectrodes show superior adsorption stability in aqueous media, providing a simple and efficient way to sensitize the metal or metal oxide substrate. This review focuses on the recent advances of such a pyridine anchoring strategy in the assembly of photosensitizers and molecular catalysts for photocatalytic applications, mainly including photocatalytic water oxidation, reduction, and splitting. The further exploration and understanding of the pyridine‐anchoring method are believed to boost the development of advanced dye‐sensitized photocatalytic devices and technologies.
Transparent electromagnetic interference shielding materials using MXene
Authors: Deng Yanli , Chen Yaqing , Liu Wei , Wu Lili , Wang Zhou , Xiao Dan , Meng Decheng , Jiang Xingguo , Liu Jiurong , Zeng Zhihui , Wu Na 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWith the rapid advancement of terahertz technologies, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials are needed to ensure secure electromagnetic environments. Enormous efforts have been devoted to achieving highly efficient EMI shielding films by enhancing flexibility, lightweight, mechanical robustness, and high shielding efficiency. However, the consideration of the optical properties of these shielding materials is still in its infancy. By incorporating transparency, visual information from protected systems can be preserved for monitoring interior working conditions, and the optical imperceptibility allows nonoffensive and easy cover of shielding materials for both device and biology. There are many materials that can be applied to transparent EMI shields. In particular, two‐dimensional transition metal carbide/nitrides (MXenes), possessing the advantages of superior conductivity, optical properties, favorable flexibility, and facile processibility, have become a great candidate. This work reviews the recent research on developing highly efficient and optically transparent EMI shields in a comprehensive way. Materials from MXenes, indium tin oxide, metal, carbon, and conductive polymers are covered, with a focus on the employment of MXene‐based composites in transparent EMI shielding. The prospects and challenges for the future development of MXene‐based transparent EMI shields are discussed. This work aims to promote the development of high‐performance, optically transparent EMI shields for broader applications by leveraging MXenes.
Design of an Acidic pH‐Activated NIR Fluorescent Convertible Rhodamine−Hemicyanine Probe‐Peptide Conjugate for Living Cancer Cell Active Targeted Selective Tracking of Lysosomes
Authors: Mukherjee Ayan , Kar Samiran , Das Shreya , Bera Tapas , Mondal Aniruddha , Sengupta Arunima , Guha Samit 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe have synthesized an acidic pH‐activatable dual targeting ratiometric fluorescent probe‐peptide conjugate using the SPPS protocol on Rink amide AM resin. Living carcinoma cell specific active targeting, successive cell penetration, and selective staining of lysosomes are accomplished. Real‐time monitoring of lysosomes, 3D, and multicolor cancer cell imaging are also attained. The de novo design consists of the integration of multifunctionality into a single molecular scaffold, e. g., RGDS peptide residue to target cancer cell surface overexpressed receptor αVβ3 integrin, live‐cell penetrating organic unsymmetrical rhodamine‐hemicyanine chromophore comprising a lysosome targeting morpholine group, and an acidic pH openable spiro‐lactam ring for a visible‐to‐NIR switchable ratiometric response. Water‐soluble fluorescent probe‐peptide conjugate exhibits intramolecular spirolactamization at basic pH through Arg amide N. The visible spirolactam state predominantly exists at physiological and basic pH and can be switched to the highly conjugated NIR open amide state (λem=735 nm) through spiro‐lactam ring opening triggered by acidic pH with a huge bathochromic shift (Δλabs=336 nm, ΔλFL=265 nm). Moreover, pH‐sensitive ratiometric optical switching is achieved. This in situ acidic cancer cell lysosome activatable multifunctional fluorophore‐peptide conjugate shows augmented molar absorptivity, enhanced quantum yield, and improved fluorescence lifetime at acidic lysosomal pH; negligible cytotoxicity; and dual targeted ratiometric imaging capability of living cancer cell selective lysosomes with a pKa value of 5.1.
Effect of Fluorine Segments in Fluoropolymer Matrix on the Properties of Gel Polymer Electrolytes
Authors: Chen Wenting , Hai Feng , Gao Xin , Yi Yikun , Guo Jingyu , Xue Weicheng , Tang Wei , Zhang Shanqing , Li Mingtao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPolymer quasi‐solid electrolytes have been paid widely attention in account of their outstanding advantages in safety, flexibility, viscoelasticity and film formation. Fluoropolymer is used as matrix of gel electrolytes not only has high electrochemical stability, but also facilitates the dissociation of lithium salts owning to the strong electron‐absorbing C−F groups, which makes it a very promising choice for the further development of gel electrolytes. Due to the different sites of C−F bonds, their activity is also diverse, which results in the difference of the mobility of lithium ions and the LiF composition of SEI film on the surface of lithium metal anode. As a result, distinct fluorine‐containing gel polymer electrolytes are prepared by in‐situ polymerization of two different monomers, HFMA and TFMA. Compared with −CF3 on terminal group in TFMA, the gel electrolyte polymerized with HFMA whose C−F group with stronger electronegativity is at the intermediate carbon site, as polymer matrix has better performance. The ionic conductivity achieves 7.02×10−3 S cm−1 at room temperature, and the assembled batteries have a capacity retention rate of 91 % after 200 cycles of 1 C. Our research has laid a solid theoretical foundation for the further development of quasi‐solid electrolyte.
Effectiveness of Ultrasound Therapy, TheraBite Device, Masticatory Muscle Exercises, and Stabilization Splint for the Treatment of Masticatory Myofascial Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Salloum Kenaz , Karkoutly Mawia , Haddad Ibrahim , Nassar Jihad Abou 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundMyofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a particular type of temporomandibular joint disorder. Research findings comparing various treatment approaches are scarce and controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of ultrasound therapy, stabilization splint, TheraBite device, and masticatory muscle exercises in reducing pain intensity and improving mandibular mobility in patients with MPS.MethodsIt was a single‐blind, randomized, parallel‐group, active‐controlled trial that took place between April 2023 and October 2023 at the Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Damascus University. Patients older than 18 years old with myofascial pain accompanied by limited jaw opening and pain lasting for at least 6 months were included. Eighty patients were randomly assigned into four groups using online randomization software: ultrasound therapy, stabilization splint, TheraBite device, and masticatory muscle exercises. Only outcome assessors were masked to treatment allocation. The exercise regimen was the exercise program for patients with TMD. The following primary outcome measures were considered at the baseline (t0), at the first (t1), second (t2), and fourth (t3) week of treatment, and at the second (t4) and fifth (t5) month of follow‐up: pain intensity using the visual analogue scale, maximum interincisal opening, right lateral movement, and left lateral movement measured in millimeters.ResultsThe pain level changed from severe to mild at t3 in ultrasound therapy, stabilization splint, and TheraBite device groups. In the masticatory muscle exercises group, it changed to moderate, with a significant difference between ultrasound therapy (p = 0.012) and stabilization splint (p = 0.013) groups. In addition, the mandibular mobility continued to improve at the subsequent follow‐up periods (t4 and t5).ConclusionsAll therapies are equally effective after 5‐month follow‐up. However, ultrasound therapy and stabilization splints have the benefit of achieving rapid improvement.Trial RegistrationISRCTN20833186.
Technology Readiness and Emerging Prospects of Coupled Catalytic Reactions for Sustainable Chemical Value Chains
Authors: Preikschas Phil , Pérez‐Ramírez Javier 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTransitioning from both the direct and indirect use of fossil fuels to the renewable and sustainable resources of the near future demands a focal shift in catalysis research – from investigating catalytic reactions in isolation to developing coupled reactions for modern chemical value chains. In this Perspective, we discuss the status and emerging prospects of coupled catalytic reactions across various scales and provide key examples. Besides being a sustainable and essential alternative to current fossil‐based processes, the coupling of catalytic reactions offers novel and scalable pathways to value‐added chemicals. By emphasizing the specific requirements and challenges arising from coupled reactions, we aim to identify and underscore research needs that are critical to expedite their development and to fully unlock their potential for chemical and fuel production.
Damage‐informed ground motion and semi‐empirical fragility assessment
Authors: Iervolino Iunio , Rosti Annalisa , Penna Andrea , Giorgio Massimiliano 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCalibrating parametric fragility curves via empirical damage data is one of the standard approaches to derive seismic structural vulnerability models. Fragilities based on empirical data require the characterization of the ground motion (GM) intensity at the building sites in the area affected by the earthquake producing the observed damages. This is commonly conducted via ShakeMap, that is, a map of the expected values of a Gaussian random field (GRF) of the logarithms of a GM intensity measure conditional to magnitude, location, and possibly a set of recordings of the earthquake. Once that intensity and damage data at the same sites are available, the typical approach calibrates a two‐parameter fragility model. However, ShakeMap estimates are affected by uncertainty deriving from that of the GM model used to characterize it. Furthermore, such an uncertainty can be reduced by building damage data, which provide information on the shaking intensity at the sites where damage is observed. It is shown herein that if this uncertainty is not addressed, also considering the shaking information provided by damage, the estimates of the fragility parameters obtained using a median ShakeMap only can be biased, and a recommended maximum likelihood estimation procedure – which exploits the expectation maximization algorithm – is provided. These arguments are illustrated via an application considering damage data from the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake in central Italy.
Weighted compositional functional data analysis for modeling and forecasting life‐table death counts
Authors: Lin Shang Han , Haberman Steven 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAge‐specific life‐table death counts observed over time are examples of densities. Nonnegativity and summability are constraints that sometimes require modifications of standard linear statistical methods. The centered log‐ratio transformation presents a mapping from a constrained to a less constrained space. With a time series of densities, forecasts are more relevant to the recent data than the data from the distant past. We introduce a weighted compositional functional data analysis for modeling and forecasting life‐table death counts. Our extension assigns higher weights to more recent data and provides a modeling scheme easily adapted for constraints. We illustrate our method using age‐specific Swedish life‐table death counts from 1751 to 2020. Compared with their unweighted counterparts, the weighted compositional data analytic method improves short‐term point and interval forecast accuracies. The improved forecast accuracy could help actuaries improve the pricing of annuities and setting of reserves.
Evaluating the efficiency of ELISA, monoplex and multiplex probe‐based real‐time reverse‐transcription PCR assays in the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 (COVID‐19) and influenza A and B viruses: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Mosadegh Mehrdad , Jalili Shirin , Pourmand Mohammad Reza , Erfani Yousef , Panji Mohammad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsThe current study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay and monoplex and multiplex real‐time reverse‐transcription PCR (rRT‐PCR) in the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and influenza A and B viruses (Flu A and Flu B).MethodsThe SARS‐CoV‐2 ‐specific IgG and IgM antibodies, as well as, Flu A (H1N1 and H3N2 serotypes) and Flu B virus antibodies were determined by ELISA assay. The one‐step qRT‐PCR method was used to detect the SARS‐CoV‐2 in nasopharyngeal swab samples. Furthermore, the presence of Flu A and B viruses was evaluated using probe‐based RT‐PCR. Simultaneous detection of SARS‐CoV‐2, Flu A and B viruses was performed by multiplex rRT‐PCR assay.ResultsSARS CoV‐2 IgM and IgG antibodies were detected in 33.3% and 58.3% of patients, respectively. In contrast, the SARS CoV‐2 genome was detected in 50% of patients using the one‐step monoplex RT‐PCR assay. Flu A serotypes H1N1 and H3N2 were found in 16.7% and 8.3% of patients. Probe‐based RT‐PCR revealed that 39.3% of patients were positive for the Flu A virus. Multiplex rRT‐PCR detect the SARS‐CoV‐2, Flu A, and Flu B in 50%, 39.3%, and 19% of samples, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of multiplex rRT‐PCR assay in comparison to monoplex RT‐PCR were 100% and 55%, respectively. Coinfection with SARS‐CoV‐2, Flu A, and Flu B viruses was found in 9.5% of patients.ConclusionMultiplex rRT‐PCR can be used as a repaid, cost‐effective and suitable tool for molecular surveillance of SARS‐CoV‐2 and Flu A/B viruses.
Prediction of wound healing status following dental extraction using Adapted‐University of Connecticut osteonecrosis numerical scale: A retrospective study
Authors: Suryani Isti R. , Shujaat Sohaib , That Minh T. , Coucke Wim , Jacobs Reinhilde 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsThere is a scarcity of evidence concerning the use of a prognostic instrument for predicting normal healing, delayed healing, and medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) occurrence following tooth extraction in medically compromised patients. The present study aimed to predict healing outcomes following tooth extraction in medically compromised patients using an Adapted‐University of Connecticut osteonecrosis numerical scale (A‐UCONNS).MethodsThe digital medical records of medically compromised patients were reviewed, who underwent tooth extraction. The A‐UCONNS parameters included the initial pathological condition, dental procedures, comorbidities (smoking habits, type and duration of medication, and type of intervention), and administered antiresorptive (AR) medications. Each parameter was assigned a different weight, and the scores were then accumulated and classified into three categories: minimal risk (less than 10), moderate risk (10−15), and significant risk (16 or more). The patient's healing status was categorized as normal healing, delayed healing, or MRONJ.ResultsA total of 353 male patients (mean age: 67.4 years) were recruited from a pool of 3977 patients, where 12.46% of patients had delayed wound healing, and 18.69% developed MRONJ. The median A‐UCONNS scores for MRONJ were higher based on initial pathology, comorbidity, and AR drugs compared to normal or delayed healing. In addition, a significant relationship existed between A‐UCONNS and healing outcomes (p < 0.05), with a unit increase in A‐UCONNS associated with 1.347 times higher odds of experiencing MRONJ compared to normal healing. In contrast, a low score was linked to an increased likelihood of normal wound healing.ConclusionThe A‐UCONNS could act as a promising tool for predicting wound healing outcomes. It can provide clinicians the ability to pinpoint patients at high risk and allow tailoring of patient‐specific strategies for improving healing outcomes following tooth extraction.
The impact of COVID‐19 on the clinical course and outcome of patients with cirrhosis: An observational study
Authors: Shaikh Obaid S. , Yan Peng , Rogal Shari , Butt Adeel A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsSevere outcomes of COVID‐19 are associated with advancing age and comorbidities. The specific aim of our study was to determine the impact of COVID‐19 on the clinical course and outcome of patients with cirrhosis.MethodsWe retrieved data from VA national repository and identified patients tested for SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA who had cirrhosis. Each virus positive patient was propensity‐matched with virus negative subjects by demographics and comorbidities. Primary endpoint was death within 30 days of COVID‐19 diagnosis and secondary endpoint was hospitalization within 14 days.ResultsAmong 1,115,037 individuals tested for SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA, 31,680 had cirrhosis. Of those patients, 4456 virus positive patients were propensity‐matched with 8752 virus negative subjects. In this cohort of 13,208, median age was 67 years and 95% were male. Most had multiple comorbidities. Alcohol use, hepatitis C and MASH were the dominant etiologies of cirrhosis. At baseline, median MELD was 6% and 21% had hepatic decompensation. Advanced age was the most significant determinant of hospitalization and mortality. Comorbidities, alcohol use and MELD increased the likelihood of hospitalization whereas SARS‐CoV‐2 positivity had lower Day‐14 hospitalization hazard. MELD was associated with higher mortality hazard whereas vaccination reduced the hazard of hospitalization and death. SARS‐CoV‐2 positivity increased the hazard of death at Day‐30 by 72% and at Day‐90 by 26%.ConclusionAlthough patients with cirrhosis who developed COVID‐19 were less likely to be hospitalized, they were more likely to die within 30 days compared to their virus negative counterparts. Vaccination was effective in reducing both hospitalization and death.
Testing for differences in survey‐based density expectations: A compositional data approach
Authors: Dovern Jonas , Glas Alexander , Kenny Geoff 
Published: June 2024

SummaryWe propose to treat survey‐based density expectations as compositional data when testing either for heterogeneity in density forecasts across different groups of agents or for changes over time. Monte Carlo simulations show that the proposed test has more power relative to both a bootstrap approach based on the KLIC and an approach that involves multiple testing for differences of individual parts of the density. In addition, the test is computationally much faster than the KLIC‐based one, which relies on simulations, and allows for comparisons across multiple groups. Using density expectations from the ECB Survey of Professional Forecasters and the US Survey of Consumer Expectations, we show the usefulness of the test in detecting possible changes in density expectations over time and across different types of forecasters.
Measuring HBV pregenomic RNA may be a potential biomarker to determine HBV functional cure in HIV/HBV‐co‐infected patients with HBsAg loss
Authors: Gu Fei , Zeng Kun , Lan Xianglong , He Yaozu , Li Feng , Tang Xiaoping , Hu Fengyu , Li Linghua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFunctional cure of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an optimal treatment goal for chronic hepatitis B, with the loss of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) being a crucial indicator. However, the adequacy of HBsAg loss for evaluating functional cure of HBV in patients co‐infected with HBV/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains controversial. In this study, we measured HBV pregenomic RNA (pgRNA), a potential biomarker that correlates with covalently closed circular DNA, in the frozen plasma of 98 patients with HBsAg loss from a large HIV/HBV co‐infection cohort in Guangzhou, China. HBV pgRNA was still detected in 43.9% (44/98) of the patients, suggesting active HBV replication in individuals with HBsAg loss. Our observations imply that HBsAg loss may not be a reliable predictor of HBV functional cure in cases of HIV/HBV co‐infection.