bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les enjeux de la cosmobiologie à la fin de la Renaissance. Juste Lipse et Giordano Bruno
Authors: Paganini Gianni 
Published: May 2011

Résumé En identifiant l’âme du monde avec le feu et celui-ci avec Dieu, la représentation stoïcienne du monde comme grand animal doué d’intelligence et de sensibilité pose de graves problèmes à un chrétien, comme le souligne l’interlocuteur du dialogue de la Physiologia Stoicorum de Juste Lipse. Quelle est la position de Lipse par rapport à la question, largement débattue au xvi e siècle, de l’animation des astres ? On évoque les conceptions de Scaliger, Patrizi et Kepler, et on montre que c’est très vraisemblablement Giordano Bruno que Lipse indique sous la forme anonyme « quidam nostro aevo », pour se démarquer de ses positions. Même si la cosmologie de Lipse n’est pas héliocentrique, elle a l’avantage d’expliquer le mouvement des astres sans référence à leur âme et sur la base de considérations purement physiques.
Les concepts neufs de l'empereur
Authors: Engel Pascal 
Published: May 2011

Résumé Cette revue critique marque un contraste entre deux ouvrages récents sur les concepts : une approche psychologique cohérente qui met l’accent sur le développement des concepts et une approche philosophique superficielle qui se veut « contextualiste » et débouche sur l’affirmation que tous les concepts sont vagues et indéterminés.
AMDIS Case Conference
Authors: Terpenning M. , Berlin A. , Graham J. 
Published: May 2011

SummaryElectronic health record adoption has failed to achieve critical mass in small private practices in no small part due to lack of leadership; the challenge of cultural change; and the difficulty of adapting to new automated workflows. We present one small practice that successfully navigated these obstacles, and examine its accomplishments through the lens of organizational psychology.
The Brachiobasilic Arteriovenous Fistula: Effect of Patient Variables
Authors: Field Melanie , Van Dellen David , Mak David , Winter Hannah , Hamsho Ahmed , Mellor Steve , Inston Nick 
Published: May 2011

Purpose The hemodialysis population is constantly expanding as patients on dialysis have increased longevity and the number of kidneys available for transplantation remains static (1). After radiocephalic and brachiocephalic fistulas have been exhausted the use of the autologous brachiobasilic fistula (BBAVF) should be considered prior to use of a synthetic graft. We present our single center experience of 140 brachiobasilic fistulas in a five-year period and examine any factors that influence patency and long-term function. Methods Patients who had undergone formation of a BBAVF between January 2004 and January 2009 were identified; a review of all case notes and databases was undertaken. Details on demographics, cause of renal failure, co-morbidities (including diabetes, cardiac morbidity, hypertension, peripheral vascular disease), dialysis status at the time of fistula creation, hemoglobin, anti-coagulation regimens, and complications from surgery were recorded. Results Patency (defined as use of AVF for dialysis) was 83% at 3 months, 77% at 6 months, and 69% at 12 months. Length of patency ranged from 0 to 1918 days (at study cut-off) with a mean patency of 532 days. Factors found to significantly affect fistula patency included age over 60 ( P=<0.001) and presence of peripheral vascular disease ( P=0.048). Conclusions Our brachiobasilic fistula patency rates are comparable with published literature and other fistulas. Within our population patient variables including age over 60 and the presence of peripheral vascular disease are associated with worse outcomes as would be expected. In spite of these factors we feel the brachiobasilic fistula is an excellent option for patients with more challenging access and should certainly be undertaken prior to the use of prosthetic grafts.
What we are not talking about: An evaluation of prevention messaging in print media reporting on agricultural injuries and fatalities
Authors: Ozegovic Dejan , Voaklander Donald C. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackgroundAgricultural injury and fatality pose a significant burden on farmers, families, health care systems, and economies. One way of increasing knowledge of this problem and promoting prevention is the use of printed mass media such as newspapers.MethodsWe conducted a scan of all media reports contained in the Canadian Agricultural Safety Association (CASA) archives for the period January, 2007 to September, 2009, inclusive, for injury and fatality and analyzed newspaper articles for prevention messages.ResultsOf the 409 articles in the database, 392 met the inclusion criteria. Ninety‐three of the articles (24%) contained a prevention message, and 39 (10%) of these were considered to be strong. Urban papers were two times more likely to have a safety message (OR = 2.03) while adult‐related events were less likely to have a safety message included (OR = 0.49).ConclusionPrint media reporting of agricultural injury and fatality represents a missed opportunity to provide a prevention message. More can be done to improve linkages between news media outlets and injury prevention specialists to improve prevention content in newsprint. Am. J. Ind. Med. 54:603–608, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gain of function NaV1.7 mutations in idiopathic small fiber neuropathy
Authors: Faber Catharina G. , Hoeijmakers Janneke G. J. , Ahn Hye‐Sook , Cheng Xiaoyang , Han Chongyang , Choi Jin‐Sung , Estacion Mark , Lauria Giuseppe , Vanhoutte Els K. , Gerrits Monique M. , Dib‐Hajj Sulayman , Drenth Joost P. H. , Waxman Stephen G. , Merkies Ingemar S. J. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractObjective:Small nerve fiber neuropathy (SFN) often occurs without apparent cause, but no systematic genetic studies have been performed in patients with idiopathic SFN (I‐SFN). We sought to identify a genetic basis for I‐SFN by screening patients with biopsy‐confirmed idiopathic SFN for mutations in the SCN9A gene, encoding voltage‐gated sodium channel NaV1.7, which is preferentially expressed in small diameter peripheral axons.Methods:Patients referred with possible I‐SFN, who met the criteria of ≥2 SFN‐related symptoms, normal strength, tendon reflexes, vibration sense, and nerve conduction studies, and reduced intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) plus abnormal quantitative sensory testing (QST) and no underlying etiology for SFN, were assessed clinically and by screening of SCN9A for mutations and functional analyses.Results:Twenty‐eight patients who met stringent criteria for I‐SFN including abnormal IENFD and QST underwent SCN9A gene analyses. Of these 28 patients with biopsy‐confirmed I‐SFN, 8 were found to carry novel mutations in SCN9A. Functional analysis revealed multiple gain of function changes in the mutant channels; each of the mutations rendered dorsal root ganglion neurons hyperexcitable.Interpretation:We show for the first time that gain of function mutations in sodium channel NaV1.7, which render dorsal root ganglion neurons hyperexcitable, are present in a substantial proportion (28.6%; 8 of 28) of patients meeting strict criteria for I‐SFN. These results point to a broader role of NaV1.7 mutations in neurological disease than previously considered from studies on rare genetic syndromes, and suggest an etiological basis for I‐SFN, whereby expression of gain of function mutant sodium channels in small diameter peripheral axons may cause these fibers to degenerate. ANN NEUROL 2012;71:26–39
Systemic inflammation disrupts the developmental program of white matter
Authors: Favrais Géraldine , van de Looij Yohan , Fleiss Bobbi , Ramanantsoa Nelina , Bonnin Philippe , Stoltenburg‐Didinger Gisela , Lacaud Adrien , Saliba Elie , Dammann Olaf , Gallego Jorge , Sizonenko Stéphane , Hagberg Henrik , Lelièvre Vincent , Gressens Pierre 
Published: May 2011

AbstractObjective:Perinatal inflammation is a major risk factor for neurological deficits in preterm infants. Several experimental studies have shown that systemic inflammation can alter the programming of the developing brain. However, these studies do not offer detailed pathophysiological mechanisms, and they rely on relatively severe infectious or inflammatory stimuli that most likely do not reflect the levels of systemic inflammation observed in many human preterm infants. The goal of the present study was to test the hypothesis that moderate systemic inflammation is sufficient to alter white matter development.Methods:Newborn mice received twice‐daily intraperitoneal injections of interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) over 5 days and were studied for myelination, oligodendrogenesis, and behavior and with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Results:Mice exposed to IL‐1β had a long‐lasting myelination defect that was characterized by an increased number of nonmyelinated axons. They also displayed a reduction of the diameter of the myelinated axons. In addition, IL‐1β induced a significant reduction of the density of myelinating oligodendrocytes accompanied by an increased density of oligodendrocyte progenitors, suggesting a partial blockade in the oligodendrocyte maturation process. Accordingly, IL‐1β disrupted the coordinated expression of several transcription factors known to control oligodendrocyte maturation. These cellular and molecular abnormalities were correlated with a reduced white matter fractional anisotropy on diffusion tensor imaging and with memory deficits.Interpretation:Moderate perinatal systemic inflammation alters the developmental program of the white matter. This insult induces a long‐lasting myelination deficit accompanied by cognitive defects and MRI abnormalities, further supporting the clinical relevance of the present data. ANN NEUROL 2011
Synthesis, structural and spectral properties of an ionic polyacetylene: Poly[N‐(5‐nitro‐2‐furanmethylene)‐2‐ethynylpyridinium bromide]
Authors: Gal Yeong‐Soon , Jin Sung‐Ho , Lim Kwon Taek , Park Jong‐Wook 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA new ionic polyacetylene was prepared by the activation polymerization of 2‐ethynylpyridine with 2‐(bromomethyl)‐5‐nitrofuran in high yield without any additional initiator or catalyst. This polymerization proceeded well in a homogeneous manner to give a high yield of the polymer (92%). The activated acetylenic triple bond of N‐(5‐nitro‐2‐furanmethylene)‐2‐ethynylpyridinium bromide, formed in the first quaternerization process, was found to be susceptible to linear polymerization. This polymer was completely soluble in such polar organic solvents as dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and N,N‐dimethylacetamide. The inherent viscosities of the resulting polymers were in the range 0.12–0.19 dL/g, and X‐ray diffraction analysis data indicated that this polymer was mostly amorphous. The polymer structure was characterized by various instrumental methods to have a polyacetylene backbone structure with the designed substituent. The photoluminescence peak was observed at 593 nm; this corresponded to a photon energy of 2.09 eV. The polymer exhibited irreversible electrochemical behaviors between the doping and undoping peaks. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
In situ FT‐IR‐ATR studies on the structure development of polyurethane‐urea systems
Authors: Mahmood Nasir , Khan Asad U. , Sohail Khan Mohammad , Ali Zulfiqar , Haq Anwar‐Ul , Wutzler Andre 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThis article reports the application of Fourier Transform Infrared‐Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR‐ATR) technique for investigation of in situ polymerization of polyurethane‐urea elastomers. Formulations comprising of diisocyanates, a polyether diol and a diamine based chain extender have been used in this study. The diisocyanates used were 4,4′‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate and toluene diisocyanates. The polyether diol and diamine used were propyleneglycol block‐PEO‐b‐PPO and 4‐(4‐(2‐(4‐(4‐amino‐2‐(trifluoromethyl) phenoxy) phenyl) propan‐2‐yl) phenoxy)‐3‐(trifluoromethyl) benzeneamine, respectively. These reactants were mixed and placed on the ATR cell, and then the infrared spectra were recorded at an interval of 1.75 s while continuously heating. The polyurethane‐urea formation was monitored by the decay in the intensity of isocyanate band at 2258 to 2261 cm−1. As the polymerization progressed, new peaks appeared at wavenumbers of 1711 cm−1, 1697 cm−1, and 1655 cm−1. These peaks correspond to the urethane carbonyl, hydrogen bonded urethane, and urea carbonyl groups, respectively. It was found that with the progress of the reaction, the shift in the peaks at 1655 and 1697 cm−1 occurs gradually. This shift in peaks is attributed to the hydrogen bonding. The hydrogen bonding and hence the shift in the peak is a cumulative effect of three phenomena namely: (1) degree of polymerization, (2) macro and microphase separation, and (3) temperature effect. A rationale is discussed to deconvolute these three effects. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Adsorption of selenite and selenate ions onto thiourea‐formaldehyde resin
Authors: Gezer Nisa , Gülfen Mustafa , Aydın Ali Osman 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn the present work, thiourea‐formaldehyde (TUF) chelating resin was synthesized and used in the adsorptions of selenite (SeO) and selenate (SeO) ions. The effects of initial acidity and initial selenium concentrations on the adsorptions were examined by batch technique. The synthesized resin was applied to the elemental analysis to determine its composition. FT‐IR spectra and SEM/EDS were also recorded before and after selenite adsorption. It was found that selenite and selenate ions were adsorbed onto TUF resin at strong acidic conditions (3–5M HCl). The adsorption capacities of the resin were calculated as 833.3 mg g−1 TUF resin for selenite ions and 526.3 mg g−1 TUF resin for selenate. All the adsorption data obtained for both selenite and selenate ions fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm. It was seen that the adsorption mechanisms in the both adsorptions were governed by the reduction of selenite or selenate to elemental selenium, Se0. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.
Solid‐Phase Parallel Synthesis of a Tetrahydroindazolone Library Containing Three Unique Core Skeletons
Authors: Kim Jonghoon , Song Heebum , Park Seung Bum 
Published: May 2011

AbstractWe have developed a practical strategy for the regioselective synthesis of a 1‐(hetero)aryl‐3‐substituted tetrahydroindazolone library. The condensation of in situ generated arylhydrazine on solid supports with 2‐acylcyclohexane‐1,3‐diones ensured the efficiency of solid‐phase parallel synthesis. In addition, we introduced three unique core skeletons containing nitrophenyl, anilyl, and pyridyl groups to maximize the molecular diversity through a diverse display of polar surface area in 3D chemical space. A 162‐membered drug‐like tetrahydroindazolone library was constructed in an average purity of 92 % without further purification.
Teaching particle swarm optimization through an open‐loop system identification project
Authors: Oliveira Paulo Moura , Vrančić Damir , Cunha J. Boaventura , Pires E. J. Solteiro 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTThe particle swarm optimization (PSO), one of the most successful natural inspired algorithms, is revisited in the context of a proposal for a new teaching experiment. The problem considered is the open‐loop step identification procedure, which is studied as an optimization problem. The PSO canonical algorithm main issues addressed within the proposed open‐loop step identification experience are: the swarm random initialization methodology, the population size variation, and the inertia weight selection. The teaching experience learning outcomes are stated, simulation results presented, and feedback results from students analyzed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 22:227–237, 2014; View this article online atwileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cae; DOI10.1002/cae.20549
A Family of Calix[4]arene‐Supported [MnIII2MnII2] Clusters
Authors: Taylor Stephanie M. , Karotsis Georgios , McIntosh Ruaraidh D. , Kennedy Stuart , Teat Simon J. , Beavers Christine M. , Wernsdorfer Wolfgang , Piligkos Stergios , Dalgarno Scott J. , Brechin Euan K. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn the cone conformation calix[4]arenes possess lower‐rim polyphenolic pockets that are ideal for the complexation of various transition‐metal centres. Reaction of these molecules with manganese salts in the presence of an appropriate base (and in some cases co‐ligand) results in the formation of a family of calixarene‐supported [MnIII2MnII2] clusters that behave as single‐molecule magnets (SMMs). Variation in the alkyl groups present at the upper‐rim of the cone allows for the expression of a degree of control over the self‐assembly of these SMM building blocks, whilst retaining the general magnetic properties. The presence of various different ligands around the periphery of the magnetic core has some effect over the extended self‐assembly of these SMMs.
Furan‐Oxidation‐Triggered Inducible DNA Cross‐Linking: Acyclic Versus Cyclic Furan‐Containing Building Blocks—On the Benefit of Restoring the Cyclic Sugar Backbone
Authors: Stevens Kristof , Claeys Diederica D. , Catak Saron , Figaroli Sara , Hocek Michal , Tromp Jan M. , Schürch Stefan , Van Speybroeck Veronique , Madder Annemieke 
Published: May 2011

AbstractOligodeoxynucleotides incorporating a reactive functionality can cause irreversible cross‐linking to the target sequence and have been widely studied for their potential in inhibition of gene expression or development of diagnostic probes for gene analysis. Reactive oligonucleotides further show potential in a supramolecular context for the construction of nanometer‐sized DNA‐based objects. Inspired by the cytochrome P450 catalyzed transformation of furan into a reactive enal species, we recently introduced a furan‐oxidation‐based methodology for cross‐linking of nucleic acids. Previous experiments using a simple acyclic building block equipped with a furan moiety for incorporation into oligodeoxynucleotides have shown that cross‐linking occurs in a very fast and efficient way and that substantial amounts of stable, site‐selectively cross‐linked species can be isolated. Given the destabilization of duplexes observed upon introduction of the initially designed furan‐modified building block into DNA duplexes, we explore here the potential benefits of two new building blocks featuring an extended aromatic system and a restored cyclic backbone. Thorough experimental analysis of cross‐linking reactions in a series of contexts, combined with theoretical calculations, permit structural characterization of the formed species and allow assessment of the origin of the enhanced cross‐link selectivity. Our experiments clearly show that the modular nature of the furan‐modified building blocks used in the current cross‐linking strategy allow for fine tuning of both yield and selectivity of the interstrand cross‐linking reaction.
Catalytic selectivity in complex systems
Authors: Butt John B. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractDiffusional effects on the three general types of catalytic selectivity are studied for complex, isothermal systems. A variable diffusivity evaluated from pore structure‐diffusion models is used to express the influence of mixed modes of diffusion, multicomponent mixtures, and catalytic pore structure on selectivity.Selectivity in complex systems is, in general, lower than that estimated from constant diffusivity analysis, although an optimum particle density may exist for certain cases of parallel reaction. The quantitative estimation of selectivity in complex systems requires some detail on the properties of the reaction and catalyst under study.
Recent Advances in Vegetable Oil‐Based Polyurethanes
Authors: Pfister Daniel P. , Xia Ying , Larock Richard C. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractPolyurethanes are among the most versatile polymers because of the wide range of monomers, particularly diols or polyols, that can be utilized in their synthesis. This Review focuses on the most recent advances made in the production of polyurethane materials from vegetable oils. Over the past several years, increasing attention has been given to the use of vegetable oils as feedstocks for polymeric materials, because they tend to be very inexpensive and available in large quantities. Using various procedures, a very broad range of polyols or diols and in some cases, poly‐ or diisocyanates, can be obtained from vegetable oils. The wide range of vegetable oil‐based monomers leads to a wide variety of polyurethane materials, from flexible foams to ductile and rigid plastics. The thermal and mechanical properties of these vegetable oil‐based polyurethanes are often comparable to or even better than those prepared from petroleum and are suitable for applications in various industries.
Cytometric assessment of mitochondria using fluorescent probes
Authors: Cottet‐Rousselle Cécile , Ronot Xavier , Leverve Xavier , Mayol Jean‐François 
Published: May 2011

AbstractMitochondria are most important organelles in the survival of eukaryotic aerobic cells because they are the primary producers of ATP, regulators of ion homeostasis or redox state, and producers of free radicals. The key role of mitochondria in the generation of primordial ATP for the survival and proliferation of eukaryotic cells has been proven by extensive biochemical studies. In this context, it is crucial to understand the complexity of the mitochondrial compartment and its functionality and to develop experimental tools allowing the assessment of its nature and its function and metabolism. This review covers the role of the mitochondria in the cell, focusing on its structure, the mechanism of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, the maintenance of the transmembrane potential and the production of reactive oxygen species. The main probes used for mitochondrial compartment monitoring are described. In addition, various applications using mitochondrial‐specific probes are detailed to illustrate the potential of flow and image cytometry in the study of the mitochondrial compartment. This review contains a panel of tools to explore mitochondria and to help researchers design experiments, determine the approach to be employed, and interpret their results. © 2011 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
The identification of transcription factors expressed in the notochord of Ciona intestinalis adds new potential players to the brachyury gene regulatory network
Authors: José‐Edwards Diana S. , Kerner Pierre , Kugler Jamie E. , Deng Wei , Jiang Di , Di Gregorio Anna 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe notochord is the distinctive characteristic of chordates; however, the knowledge of the complement of transcription factors governing the development of this structure is still incomplete. Here we present the expression patterns of seven transcription factor genes detected in the notochord of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis at various stages of embryonic development. Four of these transcription factors, Fos‐a, NFAT5, AFF and Klf15, have not been directly associated with the notochord in previous studies, while the others, including Spalt‐like‐a, Lmx‐like, and STAT5/6‐b, display evolutionarily conserved expression in this structure as well as in other domains. We examined the hierarchical relationships between these genes and the transcription factor Brachyury, which is necessary for notochord development in all chordates. We found that Ciona Brachyury regulates the expression of most, although not all, of these genes. These results shed light on the genetic regulatory program underlying notochord formation in Ciona and possibly other chordates. Developmental Dynamics 240:1793–1805, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.