bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alterations in Primary and Coupled Neck Motions after Facetectomy
Authors: Raynor Richard B. , Moskovich Ronald , Zidel Paul , Pugh James 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Normal neck motion is a complicated phenomenon. A primary motion results from an applied force or torque. Secondary coupled motions also result as a consequence of the primary motion. These resulting coupled motions were measured in isolated cervical motion segments using three-dimensional videophotogrammetry with a coordinate system fixed in space. A cross coupling algorithm provided error correction and conversion from local to true cartesian coordinates. The data were analyzed by computer, and the true coupled motions resulting from any applied force were obtained. A second group of specimens was facetectomized, and the experiments were repeated. After facetectomy, a moment about the anteroposterior axis resulted in marked reduction in lateral displacement, decrease in vertical displacement, and decrease in rotation about the vertical axis. Results were significant at P &lt; 0.01 and represent a significant decrease in coupled motions resulting from lateral bending. At P &lt; 0.05, a laterally applied force causes less lateral displacement and lateral flexion, but more longitudinal displacement. Flexion and extension movements are not significantly altered after facetectomy. (Neurosurgery 21:681-687, 1987)
Intracranial Pressure in Head-injured Patients with Various Intracranial Lesions Is Identical throughout the Supratentorial Intracranial Compartment
Authors: Yano Masami , Ikeda Yukio , Kobayashi Shiro , Otsuka Toshibumi 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Subarachnoid pressure was measured by bifrontal catheterization to obtain concurrent comparative intracranial pressures (ICPs). These ICPs were compared in 15 head-injured patients who had differences in the pathological processes affecting the right and left hemispheres. ICPs in these patients ranged from -3 to 130 mm Hg, but no difference was found in the concurrent comparative ICPs. These findings suggest that the supratentorial space can generally be considered as one compartment regardless of the differences in types of intracranial lesions. (Neurosurgery 21:688-692, 1985)
Unilateral Exophthalmos Caused by an Invasive Pituitary Adenoma
Authors: Daita Go , Yonemasu Yukichi , Hashizume Akira 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A case of pituitary adenoma associated with unilateral exophthalmos is reported. An intraorbital infiltrative tumor growth was verified by histopathological study. The mechanism of exophthalmos is discussed, and edema of the intraorbital tissue secondary to an inflammatory reaction or venous stasis associated with tumor cell infiltration is considered to be the cause of exophthalmos in this patient. (Neurosurgery 21:716-718, 1987)
Intraspinal Tumors Associated with Hydrocephalus
Authors: Kudo Hiroshi , Tamaki Norihiko , Kim Shigekuni , Shirataki Kunio , Matsumoto Satoshi 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Three cases of intraspinal tumors associated with hydrocephalus were encountered and treated. This review includes 67 cases, including these 3 cases, and discusses the pitfalls associated with intraspinal tumors presenting with hydrocephalus. These tumors are not easily diagnosed, especially in cases where the chief complaint, due to hydrocephalus, is headache or dementia, and does not include back pain. Among the 67 cases reviewed, symptoms suggesting normal pressure hydrocephalus were particularly noticed in patients over 40 years old. In cases presenting with headaches or dementia, back pain corresponding to the tumor location may appear after a shunt operation or external ventricular drainage. This postoperative back pain is important in indicating the presence of an intraspinal tumor.
The Abducted Arm as a Sign of Ruptured Cervical Disc
Authors: Beatty Robert M. , Fowler Fred D. , Hanson Jerome E. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A helpful clinical sign of ruptured cervical disc is pain relief upon arm abduction. When the disease process is spondylosis with foraminal stenosis, changing arm position does not relieve pain. Anatomical considerations are discussed. (Neurosurgery 21:731-732, 1987)
Down-Beat Nystagmus: Case Report with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Surgical Treatment
Authors: Pinel Jean François , Larmande Pierre , Guegan Yvon , Iba-Zizen Marie Thérèse 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A woman with down-beat nystagmus (DBN) underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which showed a syringo-myelic cyst in the medulla. Surgical treatment of the cyst ended the abnormal eye movement. This case demonstrates the use of MRI for the diagnosis of DBN. It also shows the value of surgical treatment when a cyst is responsible for this symptom, as in Arnold-Chiari malformation. (Neurosurgery 21:736-739, 1987)
Cerebrospinal Rhinorrhea in a Patient with a Posterior Cranial Fossa Tumor
Authors: Benvenuti Dino , Lavano Angelo , Corriero Giuseppe , Irace Claudio , de Divitiis Enrico 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A rare case of a meningioma of the posterior margin of the petrous temporal bone associated with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea is presented. After a careful review of the literature, the possible pathogenesis of the fistulous tract is discussed. (Neurosurgery 21:742-744, 1987)
Fusiform Aneurysm of Basilar Artery and Ectatic Internal Carotid Arteries Associated with Glycogenosis Type 2 (Pompe's Disease)
Authors: Braunsdorf W. E. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A case of a proven glycogenosis Type 2 (Pompe's disease) with a fusiform aneurysm of the basilar artery associated with ectatic internal carotic arteries and multiple intracerebral embolisms is presented. (Neurosurgery 21:748-749, 1987)
Serum Melatonin Levels: A New Neurodiagnostic Tool in Pineal Region Tumors?
Authors: Vorkapic Peter , Waldhauser Franz , Bruckner Robert , Biegelmayer Christian , Schmidbauer Manfred , Pendl Gerhard 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The pineal hormone melatonin (MLT) is secreted in a circadian rhythm with high serum levels during nighttime and low serum levels during daytime. Several authors have reported an altered secretion pattern of MLT in patients with pineal tumors and have proposed that MLT may be used as a tumor marker. In nine patients, a pineal region tumor was diagnosed by computer-assisted tomography. Before and after surgical removal of the tumor, several day- and nighttime serum samples were collected and MLT concentrations were estimated by radioimmunoassay. Before operation, five patients presented a normal circadian pattern of MLT secretion. In the remaining four subjects, MLT levels were undetectable or at the limit of detection, with no signs of a circadian secretion pattern. Eight patients were reexamined after tumor resection, when all but one had undetectable or very low MLT levels. The remaining subject, with a pineomesencephalic pilocytic astrocytoma, dislocating but not involving the pineal gland, presented a normal circadian secretion pattern of MLT after operation; in this case, tumor resection was possible without damaging the pineal gland. Thus, before operation, MLT deficiency rather than exaggerated serum levels may be used as a marker for pineal tumors that destroy the pineal gland. After tumor resection, serum MLT may serve to demonstrate complete pinealectomy.
Hemispheric Disconnection Syndrome Persisting after Anterior Cerebral Artery Aneurysm Rupture
Authors: Levin Harvey S. , Goldstein Felicia C. , Ghostine Salim Y. , Weiner Richard L. , Crofford Marsha J. , Eisenberg Howard M. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Hemispheric disconnection syndrome is a rarely reported sequela of aneurysm rupture. Serial neurobehavioral examinations of such a patient after clipping of a right pericallosal artery that had bled into a large portion of the corpus callosum disclosed defects in interhemispheric transfer of information and competitive movements between the left and right extremities. Although the patient's postoperative memory deficit subsequently resolved, his disconnection syndrome persisted and was primarily responsible for his disability despite otherwise normal neurological findings. We studied a second patient with a hematoma in the genu of the corpus callosum secondary to an arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Although the second patient also exhibited postoperative memory problems, her hemispheric disconnection symptoms were minimal and commensurate with a more circumscribed corpus callosum lesion. Neurobehavioral sequelae of aneurysm or AVM rupture involving the anterior circulation, which may be overlooked in the absence of a detailed examination, can produce persistent disability in many patients.
Treatment of Chronic Pain by Deep Brain Stimulation: Long Term Follow-up and Review of the Literature
Authors: Levy Robert M. , Lamb Sharon , Adams John E. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Since the senior author's (J.E.A.) first report in 1972 of the use of deep brain stimulation (DBS) to control chronic pain, electrodes for DBS have been implanted in 141 patients. Of reported series, this one has the largest number of patients and the longest period of follow-up. The mean age of patients in this study was 51.2 years. The mean length of follow-up was 80 months. Patients had experienced pain for a mean period of 65 months before DBS was attempted; all patients had exhausted other medical and surgical therapies. For the purposes of this study, pain states were characterized as being either nociceptive or deafferentation in nature. Nociceptive pain was treated primarily by stimulation of the periaqueductal or periventricular gray, and deafferentation pain was treated primarily by stimulation of the sensory thalamus. Eighty-four patients were treated for deafferentation pain, which included the thalamic pain syndrome (25 cases), peripheral neuropathic pain (16 cases), anesthesia dolorosa (12 cases), paraplegia pain (11 cases), postcordotomy dyesthesia (5 cases), phantom limb pain (5 cases), thoracic neuralgia (4 cases), and miscellaneous pain states (6 cases). We treated 57 patients with nociceptive pain states. 51 for low back and skeletal pain and 6 for pain from the invasion of cancer. Initial relief of pain was obtained by 83 patients (59%). After the mean follow-up period of 80 months, 42 patients (31%) continued to obtain significant pain relief with DBS. Some pain states, particularly anesthesia dolorosa and paraplegia pain, did not seem to respond to DBS. Major complications of therapy included wound infection (12%) and intracranial hemorrhage (3.5%); there was one death in the series (0.7%). Erosion of hardware occurred in 10 patients (7%), and foreign body reaction occurred in 7 (5%). Technical problems most often encountered included migration of the implanted electrodes and equipment failure that led to leakage of current and ineffective stimulation. These complications have been largely eradicated by advances in the design and manufacture of hardware over the 14 years of the study. A review of studies in which long term follow-up of patients treated with DBS was reported, including this series, suggests that lasting relief of pain is obtained in 47% and 60% of patients with deafferentation and nociceptive pain, respectively. Thus, in a carefully selected and evaluated group of patients, DBS can be an effective treatment for chronic, intractable pain.
Results of Combined Surgical and Medical Therapy in Patients with Prolactin-secreting Pituitary Macroadenomas
Authors: Candrina Renato , Galli Giuseppe , Bollati Angelo , Pizzocolo Giuseppe , Orlandini Alberto , Gualandi Franco G. , Giustina Gianni 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
To assess the long term effectiveness of combined sequential surgical and medical therapy in the management of prolactin-secreting pituitary macroadenomas, we followed 21 patients for 46 ± 6 months (mean ± SE) after diagnosis (range, 12 to 96 months). All patients underwent operation. Six were also treated with bromocriptine, 7.5 mg/day immediately after operation. A group of 15 patients with tumor sizes similar to those of the first group was followed without medical therapy until signs of regrowth of the neoplasia were evident. No patient of the combined therapy group experienced a recurrence of the disease. On the other hand, only 2 patients of the second group were recurrence-free at the end of follow-up. In the other 13 cases, adjunctive therapy had to be established for clinical and radiological evidence of tumor recurrence 26 ± 7 months after operation. We conclude that combined sequential surgical and medical therapy may be useful in the management of macroprolactinomas. Our hypothesis must be confirmed by studies that compare patients treated with operation plus bromocriptine with patients treated with bromocriptine alone.
Intraradicular Herniation of a Lumbar Disc: A Case Report
Authors: Ergüngör Fikret M. , Kars Zafer H. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The authors report an unusual case of intraradicular lumbar disc herniation. A large fragment of lumbar disc was found within the sheath of the right S1 nerve root. Surgical treatment results in a satisfactory clinical outcome. The literature on intradural and intraradicular lumbar disc herniation is reviewed.
Intraoperative Anaphylaxis after Irrigation with Bacitracin: Case Report
Authors: Netland Peter A. , Baumgartner James E. , Andrews Brian T. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
We report a case of anaphylaxis caused by irrigation with a bacitracin solution during lumbar laminectomy. The patient had been exposed to bacitracin during a previous anterior cervical discectomy. We recommend avoiding the use of irrigation solutions containing bacitracin in patients with previous systemic exposure to this antibiotic.
Peritumoral and Intratumoral Hemorrhage after Gelatin Sponge Embolization of Malignant Meningioma: Case Report
Authors: Suyama Tohru , Tamaki Norihiko , Fujiwara Kiyoshi , Hamano Seiji , Kimura Mitsuru , Matsumoto Satoshi 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The authors report a case of peritumoral and intratumoral hemorrhage during therapeutic embolization with gelatin sponge powder for malignant meningioma. One should be wary of this severe, unexpected complication when performing preoperative embolization.
Suspension Laminotomy: A New Surgical Technique for Compression Myelopathy
Authors: Ohmori Kazuo , Ishida Yoshihiro , Suzuki Kazuhiro 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
In an attempt to eliminate the many negative aspects of conventional extensive laminectomy, we originated in 1981 and have developed a new surgical technique called “suspension laminotomy.” A basic principle of this operation is preservation and repair of the soft and bony tissue of the spine with osseous enlargement of the spinal canal. Eighty-one patients were treated with suspension laminotomy. This operative technique can be applied to almost all segments of the spine and can be used for all cases that would usually have been treated with conventional extensive laminectomy. We emphasize the necessity of repairing paraspinal muscles and discuss the postoperative spinal deformities and the dural constriction, which seemed to be caused by scar formation after conventional laminectomy. Suspension laminotomy should minimize the negative aspects of conventional extensive laminectomy.
Subtemporal Transdural Use of Detachable Balloons for Traumatic Carotid-Cavernous Fistulas
Authors: Batjer H. Hunt , Purdy Phillip D. , Neiman Melissa , Samson Duke S. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Endovascular use of detachable balloons has revolutionized the management of carotid-cavernous fistulas so that the goals of angiographic elimination of fistula and preservation of carotid patency can usually be achieved nonsurgically. Certain circumstances of flow dynamics and anatomy, however, make an endovascular approach difficult for even an experienced interventional neuroradiologist. Fistulas involving the posterior carotid wall at its proximal cavernous entry and the anterior carotid wall in its initial horizontal intracavernous segment, as well as very low flow fistulas at other sites, have posed particular problems. Three patients with such traumatic fistulas whose endovascular treatment failed were managed by the direct transdural introduction of balloons. Intraoperative angiography was accomplished with open internal carotid artery (ICA) catheterization and the use of a portable C-arm with a 6-in, image intensifier. After temporal craniectomy and subtemporal exposure, the course of the cavernous ICA was mapped out with spinal needles and the site of the fistula was localized by intraoperative angiography. An incision was then made in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus, and latex balloons were manually introduced via a 7 French introducer sheath. The balloons were inflated under angiographic control and detached when the fistula was obliterated. This simple technique was initially successful in three patients; the fistula was eliminated with preservation of carotid patency. One patient suffered a recurrence of his fistula 2 months postoperatively while lifting weights, and one patient developed a new 3rd nerve palsy after operation. (Neurosurgery 22:290-296, 1988)
Central Spinal Cord Injury: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Confirmation and Operative Considerations
Authors: Fox John L. , Wener Louis , Drennan Dale C. , Manz Herbert J. , Won Daniel J. , Al-Mefty Ossama 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A case of central cervical spinal cord injury, confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and treated by myelotomy, is presented. After recovering well from his central cord syndrome and walking with assistance, the patient developed a rapidly progressive myelopathy beginning 2 months after injury. His main injury localized clinically to the C8, T1 level; but central cord abnormalities were identified 3 months after injury at the C6 level by MRI: a high signal intensity on the proton density sequence and a low-signal intensity on the T1-weighted sequence. At operation 4½; months after his injury and 1 month after complete paraplegia, a myelotomy at C6 failed to reveal any cavity (syrinx) but instead disclosed only intense gliosis inside a slightly atrophic spinal cord. Rapid clinical improvement ensued. Secondary syringomyelia may be an endstage condition after spinal cord insults that trigger a progressive, pathophysiological reaction leading to central cord necrosis. In selected cases, myelotomy may interrupt this MRI-identified, nosogenic process before cavitation has occurred. (Neurosurgery 22:340-347, 1988)
Serious Complications of Microvascular Decompression Operations for Trigeminal Neuralgia and Hemifacial Spasm
Authors: Hanakita Junya , Kondo Akinori 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Serious complications of microvascular decompression operations for trigeminal neuralgia or hemifacial spasm are reported. Among 278 patients who underwent microvascular decompression, 9 serious complications were observed: 1 intracerebellar hematoma with acute hydrocephalus, 1 cerebellar swelling with acute hydrocephalus, 1 supratentorial acute subdural hematoma, 2 status epilepticus, 1 infarction of the brain stem, 1 subarachnoid hemorrhage due to traumatic aneurysm, and 1 infarction in the territory of the posterior cerebral artery. Of the 9 patients with such complications, 2 died. The possible causes of such serious complications are discussed. (Neurosurgery 22:348-352, 1988)
Use of Perioperative Steroids with Microvascular Decompression Operations
Authors: Marion Donald W. , Jannetta Peter J. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Complications associated with the use of perioperative steroids in elective craniotomies were evaluated in a single-blind prospective study of 222 consecutive microvascular decompression operations. Patients were randomized into one of three groups: Group A received steroids preoperatively and for 4 days postoperatively, Group B received steroids preand postoperatively for 1 day, and Group C received no steroids. There were 17 complications in Group A; 12 of these were wound-related. There were significantly fewer complications in Groups B and C (P &lt; 0.01). Group B had 3 complications, Group C had 4, and there was only 1 wound-related complication in Group C. There were no deaths, deep wound infections, or life-threatening complications. Severe postoperative headaches, a symptom that steroids were intended to minimize, occurred in 38% of patients in Group A, 42% of patients in Group B, and 25% of patients in Group C. The use of perioperative steroids did not reduce the length of postoperative hospitalization. Duration of the operation had no significant effect on the incidence of postoperative complications or the length of postoperative hospitalization. We conclude that there is no indication for the routine perioperative use of steroids with microvascular decompression operations of the posterior fossa cranial nerves and that such use leads to a higher incidence of postoperative complications. (Neurosurgery 22:353-357, 1988)
Predictive Value of Temporary External Lumbar Drainage in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
Authors: Haan Joost , Thomeer Raphael T.W.M. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
In a prospective study on the effect of shunting, 22 patients diagnosed as suffering from normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) were investigated by means of temporary external lumbar drainage (ELD). Five patients had to be excluded from the study because of complications of ELD or definitive shunting. ELD correctly predicted the outcome of shunting in all of the remaining 17 patients. The value of external lumbar drainage in NPH is discussed on the basis of personal experience and data from the literature. It seems to be a safe and valuable tool for predicting the outcome of definitive shunting procedures. (Neurosurgery 22:388-391, 1988)
Traumatic Intracranial Aneurysms in Childhood: Two Cases and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Buckingham Martin J. , Crone Kerry R. , Ball William S. , Tomsick Thomas A. , Berger Thomas S. , Tew John M. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Traumatic intracranial aneurysms in childhood are rare. To date, 67 well-documented cases in children have been reported. We present 2 additional cases and review the literature. Traumatic aneurysms can best be categorized based on mechanism of injury and location. Aneurysms secondary to penetrating trauma occur most commonly in teenage boys suffering gunshot wounds. Aneurysms secondary to nonpenetrating trauma occur at the skull base or in the periphery, with motor vehicle accidents and falls as the most common modes of injury. Skull base traumatic aneurysms most commonly involve the petrous, cavernous, or supraclinoid carotid artery and also show a predominance in teenage boys. Peripheral traumatic aneurysms can further be divided into distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysms secondary to trauma against the falcine edge and distal cortical artery aneurysms associated with an overlying skull fracture. Peripheral traumatic aneurysms tend to occur in younger patients with a less marked male predominance. Two-thirds of the patients suffered symptomatic aneurysmal hemorrhage, with an associated mortality rate of 31%. The clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of traumatic intracranial aneurysms are discussed. (Neurosurgery 22:398-408, 1988)
Relationships among Cortical Ischemia, Infarction, and Hemorrhage in Eclampsia
Authors: Salerni Anthony , Wald Steven , Flanagan Martin 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Cerebral infarction and hemorrhage are well-known cerebrovascular complications of eclampsia. A 30-year-old woman with eclampsia developed bilateral posterior parietal and occipital hemorrhages 4 hours after computed tomography demonstrated lucencies indicative of ischemia or infarction within the same regions. The association between infarction and hemorrhage has not been previously documented by computed tomography in eclampsia. Review of the pathophysiological mechanisms and associated risk factors has prompted a more aggressive prophylactic therapeutic approach. (Neurosurgery 22:408-410, 1988)