bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Model order reduction based on proper generalized decomposition for the propagation of uncertainties in structural dynamics
Authors: Chevreuil Mathilde , Nouy Anthony 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYA priori model reduction methods based on separated representations are introduced for the prediction of the low frequency response of uncertain structures within a parametric stochastic framework. The proper generalized decomposition method is used to construct a quasi‐optimal separated representation of the random solution at some frequency samples. At each frequency, an accurate representation of the solution is obtained on reduced bases of spatial functions and stochastic functions. An extraction of the deterministic bases allows for the generation of a global reduced basis yielding a reduced order model of the uncertain structure, which appears to be accurate on the whole frequency band under study and for all values of input random parameters. This strategy can be seen as an alternative to traditional constructions of reduced order models in structural dynamics in the presence of parametric uncertainties. This reduced order model can then be used for further analyses such as the computation of the response at unresolved frequencies or the computation of more accurate stochastic approximations at some frequencies of interest. Because the dynamic response is highly nonlinear with respect to the input random parameters, a second level of separation of variables is introduced for the representation of functions of multiple random parameters, thus allowing the introduction of very fine approximations in each parametric dimension even when dealing with high parametric dimension. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Formation of cyclophosphamide specific DNA adducts in hematological diseases
Authors: Johnson L'Aurelle A. , Malayappan Bhaskar , Tretyakova Natalia , Campbell Colin , MacMillan Margaret L. , Wagner John E. , Jacobson Pamala A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBackgroundFanconi anemia (FA) patients are hypersensitive to DNA alkylating agents and require lower doses than non‐FA patients to minimize serious toxicity. The mechanism by which hypersensitivity occurs is thought to be due to the inability of these individuals to effectively repair drug‐induced interstrand DNA–DNA crosslinks. We recently developed a highly sensitive assay for cyclophosphamide specific interstrand DNA–DNA crosslinks (G‐NOR‐G) and are able to quantify and compare formation of these adducts in the blood of patients. Therefore we sought to determine whether FA patients have higher in vivo exposure to the cyclophosphamide specific interstrand DNA crosslink, G‐NOR‐G, relative to patients without FA.ProcedureCyclophosphamide interstrand DNA crosslinks were measured with the first dose of cyclophosphamide in FA and non‐FA patients receiving a cyclophosphamide based preparative regimen prior to hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). FA patients received a lower cyclophosphamide dose than the non‐FA patients (5–10 mg/kg/day vs. 50–60 mg/kg/day).ResultsDespite the lower cyclophosphamide dose and lower plasma concentrations in FA patients, they had G‐NOR‐G amounts similar to the non‐FA patients (area under the curve (AUC)0–∞, 99.8 vs. 144.9 G‐NOR‐G adducts/106 nucleotides hour, respectively, P = 0.47). When G‐NOR‐G AUC was normalized for cyclophosphamide plasma concentrations, FA study subjects produced 15‐fold higher adducts than non‐FA patients (P = 0.05).ConclusionsFA patients are hypersensitive to DNA alkylating agents possibly as a result of greater formation of cyclophosphamide specific interstrand DNA crosslinks and/or diminished capacity for DNA repair. Identification and quantification of these adducts may be important determinant of cyclophosphamide related toxicity. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 58: 708–714. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nonisothermal crystallization behavior of biodegradable poly(butylene terephthalate‐co‐butylene adipate‐co‐ethylene terephthalate‐co‐ethylene adipate) copolyester
Authors: Wang Xiaohui , Shi Jun , Chen Ying , Shi Yan , Fu Zhifeng 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA series of biodegradable aliphatic‐aromatic copolyester, poly(butylene terephthalate‐co‐butylene adipate‐co‐ethylene terephthalate‐co‐ethylene adipate) (PBATE), were synthesized from terephthalic acid (PTA), adipic acid (AA), 1,4‐butanediol (BG) and ethylene glycol (EG) by direct esterification and polycondensation. The nonisothermal crystallization behavior of PBATE copolyesters was studied by the means of differential scanning calorimeter, and the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics were analyzed via the Avrami equation modified by Jeziorny, Ozawa analysis and Z.S. Mo method, respectively. The results show that the crystallization peak temperature of PBATE copolyesters shifted to lower temperature at higher cooling rate. The modified Avrami equation could describe the primary stage of nonisothermal crystallization of PBATE copolyesters. The value of the crystallization half‐time (t1/2) and the crystallization parameter (Zc) indicates that the crystallization rate of PBATE copolyesters with more PTA content was higher than that with less PTA at a given cooling rate. Ozawa analysis was not suitable to study the nonisothermal crystallization process of PBATE copolyesters, but Z.S. Mo method was successful in treatingthis process. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Limiting photovoltaic efficiency under new ASTM International G173‐based reference spectra
Authors: Green Martin A. 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTEfficiency limits upon photovoltaic energy conversion are re‐evaluated under the new ASTM International G173‐based reference spectra. Peak terrestrial efficiency for a single‐junction device increases to 33.8% under the new air mass 1.5G spectrum, whereas overall and time‐symmetric limits increase to 74.0% and 68.0%, respectively. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Patterns and changes in psychopathic interpersonal behaviour in forensic inpatient treatment
Authors: Draycott Simon , Askari Roxanna , Kirkpatrick Tim 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTPsychopathy is a vital construct in the treatment of mentally disordered offenders, and it is arguable that at the heart of psychopathy is a deviant interpersonal style. The present study analysed the changes in perceived dominance and warmth (as rated by staff using the Chart of Interpersonal Reactions in Closed Living Environments) of 34 male psychopathic patients admitted to the Dangerous and Severe Personality Disorder Service of a high‐security hospital in the UK. Results showed that the level and direction of change in dominance and warmth were dependent on the level of psychopathy; patients with a higher level of psychopathy increased significantly in dominance but did not decrease in warmth, whereas patients with a lower level of psychopathy decreased significantly in warmth but did not increase in dominance. These results are discussed in terms of possible implications for the treatment and management of patients with varying levels of psychopathy. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Progress in super long loop prediction
Authors: Zhao Suwen , Zhu Kai , Li Jianing , Friesner Richard A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractSampling errors are very common in super long loop (referring here to loops that have more than thirteen residues) prediction, simply because the sampling space is vast. We have developed a dipeptide segment sampling algorithm to solve this problem. As a first step in evaluating the performance of this algorithm, it was applied to the problem of reconstructing loops in native protein structures. With a newly constructed test set of 89 loops ranging from 14 to 17 residues, this method obtains average/median global backbone root‐mean‐square deviations (RMSDs) to the native structure (superimposing the body of the protein, not the loop itself) of 1.46/0.68 Å. Specifically, results for loops of various lengths are 1.19/0.67 Å for 36 fourteen‐residue loops, 1.55/0.75 Å for 30 fifteen‐residue loops, 1.43/0.80 Å for 14 sixteen‐residue loops, and 2.30/1.92 Å for nine seventeen‐residue loops. In the vast majority of cases, the method locates energy minima that are lower than or equal to that of the minimized native loop, thus indicating that the new sampling method is successful and rarely limits prediction accuracy. Median RMSDs are substantially lower than the averages because of a small number of outliers. The causes of these failures are examined in some detail, and some can be attributed to flaws in the energy function, such as π–π interactions are not accurately accounted for by the OPLS‐AA force field we employed in this study. By introducing a new energy model which has a superior description of π–π interactions, significantly better results were achieved for quite a few former outliers. Crystal packing is explicitly included in order to provide a fair comparison with crystal structures. Proteins 2011;. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Energetics of charge–charge interactions between residues adjacent in sequence
Authors: Loladze Vakhtang V. , Makhatadze George I. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractStatistical analysis of the residue separation between a pair of ionizable side chains within 4 Å of each other was performed on a set of 1560 non‐homologous PDB structures. We found that the frequency of pairs of like charges (i.e., pairs consisting of acidic residues Asp and Glu or pairs consisting of basic residues Arg and Lys) is two orders of magnitude lower than the pairs of oppositely charged residues (salt‐bridges). We also found that for pairs of like charges the distribution is skewed dramatically towards short residue separation (<3). On the basis of these observations, we hypothesize that at short residue separation the repulsion between charges does not contribute much to the protein stability and the effects are largely dominated by the long range charge–charge interactions with other ionizable groups in the protein molecule. To test this hypothesis, we incorporated various pairs of charged residues at position 63 and 64 of ubiquitin and compared the stabilities of these variants. We also performed calculations of the expected changes in the charge–charge interactions. A very good correlation between experimental changes in the stability of ubiquitin variants, and changes in the energy of charge–charge interactions provides support for the hypothesis that a pair of ionizable residues next to each other in sequence modulates protein stability via long range charge–charge interactions with the rest of the protein. Proteins 2011; © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ensemble predictability of an isolated mountain thunderstorm in a high‐resolution model
Authors: Hanley K. E. , Kirshbaum D. J. , Belcher S. E. , Roberts N. M. , Leoncini G. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractConvective‐scale ensemble simulations with perturbed initial conditions are performed to investigate the physical mechanisms, sensitivities and predictability of convective precipitation for a well‐observed event from the Convective and Orographically induced Precipitation Study (COPS). On this day an isolated thunderstorm developed over the Black Forest mountains in southwest Germany that was initiated by thermally driven low‐level convergence. With the default ensemble configuration, none of the members simulated any deep convection. A soil moisture and atmospheric moisture deficiency was found to be responsible for a lack of boundary layer moisture in the analysis. Correction of this moisture bias yielded an ensemble in which some members produced a realistic convective storm. In contrast, other members only produced shallow convection. A robust feature of the members that simulated the storm was that an impinging upper‐level disturbance to the west had progressed further east towards the COPS region. This led to increased westerly winds aloft, which when mixed down into the boundary layer acted to feed a deeper layer of moist valley air into the convergent mountain circulation. The simulations reveal a very strong sensitivity to uncertainties in the large‐scale flow as well as the boundary layer structure and stability. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society and British Crown Copyright, the Met Office
Balanced key tree management for multi‐privileged groups using (N, T) policy
Authors: Angamuthu Muthulakshmi , Ramalingam Anitha 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTMany internet applications are based on group communication model. For secure group communication scenario, key management is an important issue. In a hierarchical architecture, key trees are used. When users join or leave a key tree, all the ancestor nodes in the leave path till root gets affected. It encroaches threat to forward secrecy as well as backward secrecy. This poses a need for rekeying whenever users join or leave. Periodic batch rekeying is a process where the key server waits until the rekey interval is elapsed and does the rekeying process. Nevertheless, there are many key management schemes; there is still research fostering in key management in group communication for multi‐privileged users, where the users of the group have access to multiple resources, unlike the traditional case with single resource. This paper addresses batch user join or leave case in multi‐privileged environment. A variation of batch rekeying is introduced by using min(N, T) policy so that the users need not wait until the rekey interval is reached and the probabilistic analysis based on it are provided. It also discusses about the improvement in terms of number of rekeying done and provides a balanced tree when multiple users join/leave. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Expressing Insulin-like Growth Factor-I (MSCIGF) Promote Fracture Healing and Restore New Bone Formation in Irs1 Knockout Mice: Analyses of MSCIGF Autocrine and Paracrine Regenerative Effects
Authors: Granero-Moltó Froilán , Myers Timothy J. , Weis Jared A. , Longobardi Lara , Li Tieshi , Yan Yun , Case Natasha , Rubin Janet , Spagnoli Anna 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Failures of fracture repair (nonunions) occur in 10% of all fractures. The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in tissue regeneration appears to be rationale, safe, and feasible. The contributions of MSC to the reparative process can occur through autocrine and paracrine effects. The primary objective of this study is to find a novel mean, by transplanting primary cultures of bone marrow-derived MSCs expressing insulin-like growth factor-I (MSCIGF), to promote these seed-and-soil actions of MSC to fully implement their regenerative abilities in fracture repair and nonunions. MSCIGF or traceable MSCIGF-Lac-Z were transplanted into wild-type or insulin-receptor-substrate knockout (Irs1−/−) mice with a stabilized tibia fracture. Healing was assessed using biomechanical testing, microcomputed tomography (μCT), and histological analyses. We found that systemically transplanted MSCIGF through autocrine and paracrine actions improved the fracture mechanical strength and increased new bone content while accelerating mineralization. We determined that IGF-I adapted the response of transplanted MSCIGF to promote their differentiation into osteoblasts. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that IGF-I-induced osteoglastogenesis in MSCs was dependent of an intact IRS1-PI3K signaling. Furthermore, using Irs1−/− mice as a nonunion fracture model through altered IGF signaling, we demonstrated that the autocrine effect of IGF-I on MSC restored the fracture new bone formation and promoted the occurrence of a well-organized callus that bridged the gap. A callus that was basically absent in Irs1−/− left untransplanted or transplanted with MSCs. We provided evidence of effects and mechanisms for transplanted MSCIGF in fracture repair and potentially to treat nonunions.
A computational theory of enterprise transformation
Authors: Yu Zhongyuan , Rouse William B. , Serban Nicoleta 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis paper translates a qualitative theory of enterprise transformation into a quantitative, mathematical theory. This enables computational exploration of the phenomena outlined in the theory, as well as the sensitivity of these phenomena to a range of parameters intended to reflect the elements of the theory. The overall question addressed is, “What should an enterprise do in response to perceptions of impending substantial change?” A mixture of three types of responses is considered—predict better, learn faster, and act faster. As these responses all require investments, it is not the case that an enterprise should always pursue all of them. Indeed, there are conditions under which an enterprise should not pursue any of them. This paper elaborates the nature of these conditions, explains why they arise, and discusses the implications for enterprises entertaining transformation. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Developing a stakeholder‐assisted agile CONOPS development process
Authors: Mostashari Ali , McComb Sara A. , Kennedy Deanna M. , Cloutier Robert , Korfiatis Peter 
Published: July 2011

AbstractConcepts of Operations (CONOPS) are documents describing the characteristics and intended usage of proposed and existing systems. They provide information about the requirements and future desired states the project aims to achieve. We reviewed 22 recent CONOPS from government and private sector institutions to ascertain the current approach to CONOPS development. Based on the CONOPS review and research literature, we highlight three key areas, stakeholder involvement, shared mental models, and visualization, through which the development process may be improved. Moreover, we suggest that the development process itself may be transformed into an agile process that addresses current shortcomings in the key areas. To do so, we propose an agile CONOPS development process conducted through three iteration‐driven phases and present corresponding research and commercial tools that may be leveraged at each phase. As such, putting this agile process into effect may reduce development time, improve effectiveness, and change the perception of the CONOPS from a burdensome documentation procedure to an invaluable resource throughout the system lifecycle. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng
Induction of apoptosis by curcumin in murine myelomonocytic leukemia WEHI‐3 cells is mediated via endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondria‐dependent pathways
Authors: Huang An‐Cheng , Chang Chia‐Ling , Yu Chun‐Shu , Chen Po‐Yuan , Yang Jai‐Sing , Ji Bin‐Chuan , Lin Tsung‐Ping , Chiu Chang‐Fang , Yeh Su‐Peng , Huang Yi‐Ping , Lien Jin‐Cherng , Chung Jing‐Gung 
Published: July 2011

AbstractCurcumin, derived from the food flavoring spice turmeric (Curcuma longa), has been shown to exhibit anticancer activities and induce apoptosis in many types of cancer cell lines. In our previous study, curcumin was able to inhibit murine myelomonocytic leukemia WEHI‐3 cells in vivo. However, there is no report addressing the cytotoxic responses and the mechanisms underlying curcumin‐induced apoptotic cell death in WEHI‐3 cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that that curcumin affected WEHI‐3 cells and triggered cell death through apoptotic signaling pathways. The effects of curcumin on WEHI‐3 cells were investigated by using flow cytometric analysis, comet assay, confocal laser microscopy and Western blotting. In this study, we found that curcumin induced apoptosis in WEHI‐3 cells in a dose‐dependent (5–20 μM) manner. Interestingly, curcumin enhanced the level of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl‐2 which might show that curcumin‐induced apoptosis is done through the ER stress signaling pathways based on the increase of CIEBP homologous protein (CHOP), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF‐6), inositol‐requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), and caspase‐12 in WEHI‐3 cells. Moreover, curcumin increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cytosolic Ca2+ release, and induced DNA damage, but decreased the level of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) in WEHI‐3 cells. In conclusion, curcumin‐induced apoptosis occurs through the ROS‐affected, mitochondria‐mediated and ER stress‐dependent pathways. The evaluation of curcumin as a potential therapeutic agent for treatment of leukemia seems warranted. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2013.
Embryo volume measurement: an intraobserver, intermethod comparative study of semiautomated and manual three‐dimensional ultrasound techniques
Authors: Sur S. D. , Clewes J. S. , Campbell B. K. , Raine‐Fenning N. J. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the reliability of our recently introduced technique for first‐trimester embryo volume measurement, the ‘semiautomated technique’ using both Virtual Organ Computer‐aided AnaLysis (VOCAL™) and Sonography‐based Automated Volume Count (SonoAVC) with a manual technique using VOCAL alone.MethodsSeventy‐four subjects with viable, singleton first‐trimester in‐vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancies were recruited. Each subject underwent transvaginal sonography, at which a three‐dimensional ultrasound dataset of the entire gestational sac was acquired. Each embryo volume was measured by two techniques, each performed twice. In the semiautomated technique VOCAL was used to calculate the volume of the gestational and yolk sacs, and SonoAVC was used to quantify the fluid volume within the amniotic and extra‐amniotic cavities. Embryo volume was calculated by subtracting the sum of yolk sac, amniotic and extra‐amniotic fluid volumes from gestational sac volume. In the manual technique, VOCAL was used to delineate the entire embryo using 9° rotations. Reliability was assessed using limits of agreement and intraclass correlation coefficient.ResultsDatasets were included from 52 eligible subjects. Median gestational age was 7 + 4 weeks; median crown–rump length (CRL) was 13 (range, 2–29) mm; and median embryo volume was 1.8 (range, 0.03–8.1) cm3 using the semiautomated technique and 0.7 (range 0.009–3.6) cm3 using the manual technique. There was a significant discrepancy in the volumes measured by the two different techniques. Assessment of the limits of agreement suggested that the semiautomated technique (−15.8% to 14.0% of the mean embryo volume) was more reliable than was the manual technique (−22.4% to 26.6%).ConclusionThe semiautomated technique is more reliable than is the manual technique for embryo volume measurement. However, the discrepancy in measurements between the two methods raises concerns over the validity of the semiautomated technique that require further investigation. Copyright © 2011 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of nanometer size of polypyrrole as a suitable adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI)
Authors: Katal Reza , Ghiass Majid , Esfandian Hossein 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe objective of this work was to investigate the sorption characteristics of polypyrrole (PPy) for the removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions. The sorption process was carried out by a dynamic batch method in order to determine the optimum conditions. For a sorbent dose of 0.6 g in 100 mL of a Cr(VI) solution, at a contact time of 15 min and a pH of 3, a removal efficiency of 84.5% was achieved. The Morris–Weber and Lagergren equations, as well as a pseudo‐second‐order equation were examined to explore the kinetics of the removal process. In addition, the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models were applied to estimate the capacity, intensity, and energy of the sorption process. It was found that increasing temperature showed a positive effect on the ion sorption efficiency. In summary, PPy was shown to be a suitable candidate for chromium(VI) ion removal from aqueous solutions at different concentrations. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers.