bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A critical review of diagnostic and prognostic markers of chronic hepatitis B infection
Authors: Hudu Shuaibu Abdullahi , Shinkafi Sa’adatu Haruna , Jimoh Abdulgafar Olayiwola 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A major worldwide health concern, chronic hepatitis B necessitates precise prognostic and diagnostic indicators for clinical guidance. This article highlights the clinical importance and current issues of the major markers used in both the detection and prognosis of chronic hepatitis B. An important indicator of an ongoing and persistent infection is the hepatitis B surface antigen. Hepatitis B virus DNA quantification monitoring aids in assessing viral load and hepatic cancer risk. While limited evidence of liver damage is provided by alanine aminotransferase levels, the hepatitis B core antibody verifies acute infection. Seroconversion to the hepatitis B e antibody is linked to a lower risk of disease development, and the hepatitis B e antigen status is a critical prognostic factor. Treatment choices are guided by a biopsy of the liver or minimally invasive liver fibrosis detection. Genotypes of the hepatitis B virus and host variables influence the prognosis by adding to the disease’s variability. Noninvasive techniques to evaluate the severity of the disease are provided by serum markers of fibrosis, such as the fibrosis score based on four criteria and the aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index. The requirement for indicators that distinguish between distinct viral phases and increase specificity in evaluating liver damage is one of the challenges facing chronic hepatitis B research. Even though it is quite difficult to find reliable biomarkers for resistance especially when it comes to hepatocellular cancer risk estimation, there are advanced methods, which include imaging and omics that can help in improving the accuracy of the diagnostics and prognosis. Interventions early point that improve patient outcomes are made possible using diagnostics and prognostics as they are quite effective in managing the complicated landscape of chronic hepatitis B. Key in addressing these challenges today and improving the diagnostic and prognostic markers in the future, particularly those that would support the development of successful treatment plans for people living with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV), are scientific research, technological advances and collaborations.
Juvencus’ Präsenz im Proömium des Cento Probae: ein bisher unbemerkter Fall akustischer Imitation
Authors: Sisul Ana Clara 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In the prooemium of the Cento Vergilianus de Laudibus Christi of Faltonia Betitia Proba (lines 1–23) there are fragments not only of Vergil’s works but also of Lucan’s Bellum Civile and Juvencus’ Evangeliorum Libri. This article shows that in these lines Juvencus has a particular importance, for the references to his work increase until they reach a remarkable intensity in lines 22–23 and they stand out on different levels both formally and semantically. This thesis is supported by re-examining the origin of a reference in line 22 of the Cento (erige mentem) that is usually ascribed to Lucan. The attribution to Juvencus can be established through the phenomenon of acoustic imitation.
Effect of Janus nanoparticles on foam snap off in porous media
Authors: Wang Yang , Liu Ping , Zhu Yangwen , Xu Guanli , Cui Zijing , Du Ruotong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Nanoparticles can be adsorbed at the gas-liquid interface to improve the stability of foam. However, homogeneous nanoparticles exhibit low surface activity, and their migration to the gas-liquid interface requires significant energy input. This leads to harsh foaming conditions and severely limits the application of homogeneous nanoparticles in foam stability. A microfluidic visualisation model for the study of Janus nanoparticle complex systems was used to investigate the formation behaviour of trapped bubbles in a single connected pore-throat model. The foam generated in the pore showed reduced quantities, sizes, improved quality, and enhanced stability compared to both surfactant systems and hydrophilic nanoparticle complex systems.
Koineización en el occitano de Navarra y Aragón
Authors: Santano Moreno Julián 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The presence of francos settlers in Navarre and Aragon left abundant administrative and legislative documentation in the Occitan language. This presence of settlers of different origins, both lengua d’oc and lengua d’oïl, with also differentiated dialectal modalities, who carried out commercial activities, produced intense linguistic contact between the different dialectal modalities. The paper tries to determine the type of language reflected in the aforementioned administrative and legal documents, which use the graphic system of the scriptae of Navarre and Aragon, conveying the romance varieties. Although the term koine has been used to define this language, the concept of koineization more adequately defines the dynamic process of leveling and blending of dialects, whose formation of a stabilized koine may be one stage. Thus, within the scriptae of Navarre and Aragon in the Occitan language, different linguistic norms and stable as well as diffuse language varieties can be identified.
Produktivität in der Krise
Authors: Mallok Jörn 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Der Beitrag zeigt, wie es kleinen Metallbetrieben während der Corona-Krise gelungen ist, trotz räumlicher und zeitlicher Ausdehnung des Produktionsprozesses sowie volatiler Zulieferungen ihre Produktivität zu verbessern und wettbewerbsfähig zu bleiben. Wesentliche Erfolgsfaktoren bildeten gezielte Investitionen in die Digitalisierung, Lagerbestände mit größerer Reichweite und die Re-Integration vormals ausgelagerter Arbeiten.
Qualitätssicherung für die Serienfreigabe im Produktionsanlauf
Authors: Hinrichs Marcos Padrón , Schmitt Robert H. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Das Erreichen der spezifizierten Produkt- und Prozessreife für die Serienfreigabe ist von größter Bedeutung für die Einhaltung der definierten Ziele beim Produktionsanlauf. Dabei stellt die zunehmende Produkt- und Prozesskomplexität eine Herausforderung für etablierte Methoden im Qualitätsmanagement dar. Ziel des folgenden Beitrags ist die Vorstellung eines modellgestützten Ansatzes zur risikobasierten Unterstützung der Qualitätssicherung beim Produktionsanlauf. Der Ansatz wird am Beispiel der Automobilindustrie erörtert.
Aukštų pareigūnų skyrimas pusiau prezidentiniame modelyje: Lietuvos atvejis*
Authors: Jastramskis Mažvydas 
Published: May 2024

Both academics who study presidential powers and political practitioners acknowledge that Lithuanian president enjoys the power to appoint high-ranking officials. This article investigates the determinants of success (or failure) of presidential decrees by which nominations of high-ranking public officials are submitted to Seimas. Presented theory and results are also discussed in a wider context of literature on semi-presidentialism: what does this power say about the role of presidents and the functioning of such regimes? Analysis employs an original data set, which consists of 337 decrees by presidents of Lithuania from 1993 to 2023 that were submitted to Seimas for consent regarding the appointment of respective public officials. The statistical analysis is complemented by information from semi-structured interviews with several high-ranking politicians. The study reveals several key points. First, high success rate of decrees (about 92.7 percent) is explained by the incentives of the constitutional algorithm and the informal practice of coordinating nominations between the president and the ruling majority before submitting them to Seimas. Second, quantitative analysis and qualitative interviews reveal that the success of decrees increases with the judicial appointments that are advised by a body of experts (Council of Judges) and decreases with appointments to heads of institutions. Third, some cases can also be explained by personal characteristics of nominees: age (result of quantitative analysis) or their self-presentation to Seimas (semi-structured interviews). Fourth, cohabitation – when the president and the parliamentary majority are of different political camps – only partially explains the success of decrees. Some unsuccessful decrees occur because of a short-term drop in the “temperature” of intra-executive relationship. However, this drop usually bounces back to cooperation phase – thus, the power to appoint high-ranking officials contradicts popular paradigm of literature on semi-presidentialism, namely that sees the relationship between president and government as competitive. The president himself together with the system of checks and balances around this power almost ideally embody the moderating power: important condition is that the moderator himself is also constitutionally “moderated”.
An Expanded Approach to the Ascertainment of Children and Youth With Special Health Care Needs
Authors: Black Lindsey I. , Ghandour Reem M. , Brosco Jeffrey P. , Payne Shirley I. , Houtrow Amy , Kogan Michael D. , Bethell Christina D. 
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE
To describe the prevalence, characteristics, and health-related outcomes of children with diagnosed health conditions and functional difficulties who do not meet criteria for having a special health care need based on the traditional scoring of the Children with Special Health Care Needs (CSHCN) Screener.

METHODS
Data come from the 2016 to 2021 National Survey of Children’s Health (n = 225 443). Child characteristics and health-related outcomes were compared among 4 mutually exclusive groups defined by CSHCN Screener criteria and the presence of both conditions and difficulties.

RESULTS
Among children who do not qualify as children and youth with special health care needs (CYSHCN) on the CSHCN Screener, 6.8% had ≥1 condition and ≥1 difficulty. These children were more likely than CYSHCN to be younger, female, Hispanic, uninsured, privately insured, living in a household with low educational attainment, have families with more children and a primary household language other than English. After adjustment, non-CYSHCN with ≥1 conditions and ≥1 difficulty were less likely than CYSHCN, but significantly more likely than other non-CYSHCN, to have ≥2 emergency department visits, have unmet health care needs, not meet flourishing criteria, live in families that experienced child health-related employment impacts and frustration accessing services. Including these children in the calculation of CYSHCN prevalence increases the national estimate from 19.1% to 24.6%.

CONCLUSIONS
Approximately 4 million children have both a diagnosed health condition and functional difficulties but are not identified as CYSHCN. An expanded approach to identify CYSHCN may better align program and policy with population needs.
Consolation in the aftermath of violent public assaults: An interaction ethological study
Authors: Liebst Lasse Suonperä , Philpot Richard , Ejbye-Ernst Peter , Bernasco Wim , Heinskou Marie Bruvik , Verbeek Peter , Levine Mark , Lindegaard Marie Rosenkrantz 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAnimal ethologists suggest that non-human primates console victims of aggression in a manner similar to humans. However, the empirical basis for this cross-species comparison is fragile, given that few studies have examined consolation behavior among humans. To address this gap, we revive and apply the underappreciated ethological branch of micro-sociology, which advocates the study of human interactions by applying ethological observation techniques. We thus systematically observed naturally occurring human consolation captured by video surveillance cameras in the aftermath of violent public assaults. Consistent with prior human and non-human primate research, social affiliation promoted consolatory helping. By contrast, we found no main effect of sex. A further exploratory analysis indicated an interaction effect between social affiliation and sex, with female affiliates having the largest probability of providing consolation. We discuss implications for the cross-species study of primate consolation and advocate that micro-sociology should reappraise ethological perspectives.
Causal association between urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio and risk of colorectal cancer: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Gao Xueren , Chen Yuqing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPrevious observational studies have investigated the association between urinary albumin excretion and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), but the results have been inconsistent. This study aimed to explore the causal association between urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) and CRC risk through a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. The genome-wide association study (GWAS) data of ACR (n = 382,500) and CRC (CRC: 6,509 cases and 287,137 controls) were obtained from the IEU OpenGWAS project website and the FinnGen database, respectively. The TwoSampleMR and MR-PRESSO R packages were used to search for and analyze genetic variations that served as instrumental variables for ACR. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using the inverse-variance weighted method, MR-Egger, and weighted median. Genetically predicted ACR was not associated with CRC risk (all P > 0.05). Further analysis based on the site of onset (colon or rectum) also did not show a significant association (all P > 0.05). MR-PRESSO, MR-Egger regression and leave-one-out sensitivity analysis all indicated that the current results were robust and reliable. These findings suggest that ACR does not affect CRC risk and may not be used as a marker of CRC risk in clinical practice. However, relevant studies especially in ethnically diverse populations are still needed to confirm the current findings.
Electronic structure and composition of tin oxide thin epitaxial and magnetron layers according to synchrotron XANES studies
Authors: Chuvenkova Olga A. , Boikov Nikolai I. , Ryabtsev Stanislav V. , Parinova Elena V. , Chumakov Ratibor G. , Lebedev Alexei M. , Smirnov Dmitry , Makarova Anna , Titova Sofia S. , Fateev Kirill A. , Tirischev Sergey Y. 
Published: May 2024

The materials of the tin-oxygen system and thin-film structures based on them are modern and actual for the creation of a wide range of electronic devices, for example, resistive gas sensors of high sensitivity and short response time with low energy consumption and high manufacturability. An important direction in the study of such materials and structures is the control of properties with variations in technological formation regimes. Information on the composition, local atomic and electronic structure of thin layers of the tin-oxygen system with varying approaches to their production is in demand.
The work is devoted to the study of the electronic structure of thin layers of tin oxides obtained by modern methods of molecular beam epitaxy and magnetron sputtering. A study of the local partial density of electronic states in the conduction band by X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy of tin and oxygen has been carried out. The data were obtained using high-intensity synchrotron radiation, which allows varying the monochromatized radiation quantum energy without loss in intensity, that is necessary to obtain high-resolution X-ray spectral data.
It is shown that the composition, local atomic surrounding, electronic spectrum and their features depend on the technology of formation and storage conditions of the studied structures. Synchrotron X-ray spectroscopy data show the presence of intermediate oxides of the tin-oxygen system in the studied materials after prolonged storage in laboratory conditions. The data obtained indicate the possibility of controlled variation in the composition, local atomic surrounding and electronic spectrum of thin-film structures of tin oxides of small thickness. The results of the work can be used in the formation and subsequent modification of thin and ultrathin layers of tin oxides by magnetron sputtering and molecular beam epitaxy, as well as in their further application as active layers of microelectronics devices
L1 Influence on the Use of the English Present Perfect: A Corpus Analysis of Russian and Spanish Learners’ Essays
Authors: Perez-Guerra Javier , Smirnova Elizaveta 
Published: May 2024

Background: Mastering verbal tenses, especially those expressing aspect, in a second language presents a challenge as learners frequently link the semantic nuances of verbal forms in their second language (L2) to the characteristics of the verbal systems in their native languages (L1). This study explores the impact of L1 on the usage of the English Present Perfect (PP) among non-native speakers.
Purpose: In an effort to contribute to the ongoing research on the mechanisms governing the acquisition of English tenses, this study focuses on the variations that affect the usage of the PP in the writing of English learners. The investigation is particularly centered on university students whose L1 is Russian and Spanish, seeking to delve into the ways in which their first language influences the utilisation of the PP in their English writing.
Method: Analysis of L2 English by Russian and Spanish learners, based on corpora of argumentative essays written by undergraduate Russian and Spanish learners of English, controlled by a corpus of essays produced by native speakers of English; frequency and distribution of the PP in learner writings; examination of semantic contexts; identification of error types.
Results: The findings indicate that, despite a higher occurrence of the PP in texts produced by Spanish learners compared to Russian learners, the rate of errors in its application is nearly identical in both learner corpora. These errors are likely attributable to challenges in comprehending the functions of the PP and in distinguishing its semantics from those of other English tenses, particularly the Past Simple.
Conclusion: The study suggests that the increased prevalence of PP usage by L2 learners may be attributed to positive transfer from their L1 when it exhibits structures analogous to the English PP. Conversely, patterns indicative of, for example, undergeneralisation of semantic contexts suggesting the relevance of an action, or of overgeneralisation of adverbs compatible with the PP can be interpreted as evidence of negative transfer. The results of this study hold significance for language pedagogy, as they highlight potential challenges in acquiring the PP that learners from diverse L1 backgrounds may encounter.
The Culture of Research: A Systematic Scoping Review
Authors: Tikhonova Elena , Raitskaya Lilia 
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Research culture is the core of many processes in science. It is a broad concept presumably entailing practices, traditions, norms, etc. that prevail among researchers and other stakeholders in the field. Its definition, architecture, and taxonomy are essential in generating and pursuing scientific policies at universities and countries. As there is a lack of comprehensive reviews on research culture, the present publication aspires to fill the existing gap in the knowledge. This review aims to define research culture and build an architecture of research culture based on the relevant literature indexed in the Scopus database.
Method: The problem, concept, and context (PCC) framework was applied to establish an effective search strategy and word the research questions corresponding to the aim. Based on Arksey and O'Malley's methodology (2005) and PRISMA checklist (2020) for systematic reviews, the authors sorted out 56 relevant publications for systematic scoping review. In addition, a bibliometric analysis was applied to examine the field.
Results: Using a bibliometric analysis, the 56 publications were distributed by year, country, most prolific authors, sources, research fields, affiliation, and type of publication. With the help of VOSviewer, the authors singled out four thematic clusters (research culture; medical and biomedical research, methodology and research ethics, and clinical studies and human experiments). After synthesizing the data extracted from the documents under review, research culture was defined; components of research culture were singled out and summed up; and a framework of research culture was made up. The authors analysed the review findings in contrast with other research, offering their own comprehensive definition of research culture, its taxonomy, and an architecture of research culture.
Conclusion: The current review adds to the understanding of research culture, its gist, component classification. The limitation related to the period of review (2019-2024) may be overcome by further reviews of relevant publications from a historic perspective that would broaden perceptions of the origin of modern research culture and its negative aspects.
Evaluation of renal function of sickle cell children in Libreville by estimation of glomerular creatinine-cystatin C filtration rate: prevalence of acute kidney injury and associated factors
Authors: Mintoo Steeve , Loembe Fifi C. , Mpira Sylvie , Nguemou Nathalie , Siawaya Joel Djoba , Koko Jean , Ategbo Simon J. 
Published: May 2024

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an important and growing global health problem. Kidney damage is one of the most common complications of SCD. We aimed to determine the prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in children with SCD in our context.
Methods: Cross-sectional and analytical study from January 2022 to September 2022, including SCD children aged from 6 months to 17 years during their hospitalisation. We measured the estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR) rate using the combined creatinine and cystatin C formula for kids (CKiDScr-Cys C). Univariate analyses were performed to measure the relationship between variables and AKI and eGFR, followed by a multivariate analysis using logistic regression.
Results: Of the 137 children, we included 82 boys (60%) and 55 girls (40%). The mean eGFR was 112±45.3 ml/min/1.73 m2. A total of 36 subjects, or 26.3% (95% CI [18.9-33.6%)), had acute AKI. Comparison of characteristics by AKI status showed significant differences according the number of transfusions (p<0.01), and hemoglobin level (p<0.027), eGFR had a negative correlation with the number of transfusions r=-0.308 (-0.477; -0.117); p<0.01. Multivariate analysis showed that nutritional status was a protective factor of AKI (p<0.01), and the number of transfusions was a predictive factor of AKI in SCD in our context (p<0.001).
Conclusions: The results from our study are an urgent alarm to implement the existing management programs on SCD from screening to universal access of hydroxyurea in order to reduce complications and mortality related to this pathology.