bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The epistemic value of doombehaviour: beyond the prudential consequences of doomscrolling, doomchecking, and doomsurfing
Authors: Neijzen Mara 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper analyses a novel and increasingly prevalent category of epistemic behaviour: doombehaviour, constituted by the popular phenomena of doomscrolling and doomsurfing, as well as doomchecking, which is introduced in this paper. Doombehaviour, referring to the frequent or immersive online consumption of negatively valenced news, became ubiquitous during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. As this behaviour has since then been found to negatively impact mood and mental health, advice has been to minimise doombehaviour or even limit news consumption altogether. Yet, as I argue, this assessment overlooks the importance of the epistemic motivation instantiating the behaviour. By presenting an analysis of doomscrolling, doomsurfing, and doomchecking within the context of our socio-technical environment, arguing for the distinct instrumental epistemic values of these categories of doombehaviour, this paper provides more nuanced advice for individuals seeking to balance the potential epistemic benefits and prudential costs of this behaviour. Epistemically motivated individuals should refrain from doomscrolling due to the risk of consuming sophisticated misinformation. However, within the parameters presented in this paper, the epistemic goods obtained through doomchecking and doomsurfing may justify the prudential costs for individuals motivated to acquire knowledge of, or be informed about, current events. This discussion opens the door to further explorations of these increasingly prevalent and potentially harmful epistemic behaviours that have, so far, been ignored by the discipline.
Use of flow cytometry method to detect contaminations of platelet suspensions
Authors: Bolat Mehtap , Hatipoğlu Hüseyin , Köroğlu Mehmet , Toptan Hande , Altındiş Mustafa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, it was aimed to investigate bacterial contamination in apheresis platelet suspensions (APS) by automated blood culture system and flow cytometry method (FCM).33 spiked APS each using 11 bacterial strains (5 standard strains, 6 clinical isolates), were prepared in three different dilutions (1–10, 10–50, 50-100 cfu/mL), incubated in two different temperatures (35–37 °C and 22–24 °C) and different incubation times (18–96 h) evaluated by FCM. This three different dilutions were also inoculated into special platelet culture bottles (BacT/ALERT® BPA) and loaded into the blood culture system. Additionally 80 APSs routinely prepared in the Transfusion Center were evaluated by both FCM and the blood culture system. Platelets were lysed by freeze-thaw method.All spiked samples were positive with BacT/ALERT® BPA in 12–18 h. In 96 h incubation at 22–24 °C, the presence of bacteria was detected by FCM in all other samples (31/33) except low dilutions (1–10 and 10–100 CFU/ml) of K.pneumoniae standard strain. In the 35–37 °C, the presence of bacteria was detected by FCM in all samples (33/33) after 48 h of incubation. In routine APS one sample detected as positive (Bacillus simplex) with BacT/ALERT® BPA and no positivity was detected by FCM.The freeze-thaw method, which we have optimized for the lysis of platelets, is very practical and can be easily applied. The BacT/ALERT® system has been found to be very sensitive in detecting bacterial contamination in PSs. Flow cytometry method has been found to be successful, fast, easy to use and low cost in detecting bacterial contamination in PSs.
Physical properties of the urban soils of Santiago de Compostela (Spain)
Authors: Paradelo R. , Herbón C. , Barral M. T. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Poor physical conditions are a typical feature of urban soils that reduce their functionality regarding plant production or the water cycle. However, the increasing importance of urbanization makes it necessary to carry out additional research on physical properties of urban soils.

Methods
In this work, we have studied 64 urban soils in Santiago de Compostela (Spain), over different parent materials and under several land uses. We assessed their physical properties in the field and laboratory, with measures of bulk density and porosity, water holding capacity, aggregate stability and water-dispersible clay, permeability and resistance to penetration. The erosion risk was assessed by estimation of the k factor in the RUSLE.

Results
The results show that the soils present heterogeneous physical properties, as common in urban soils. As a result of high organic matter and Fe contents, the soils present low bulk densities and high aggregate stability. Compaction issues are widespread but dependent on land use: in general soils under urban agriculture use present higher permeability and lower compaction levels than urban grasslands and forests. High infiltration values observed despite compaction are likely due to the abundance of coarse fragments and preferential flow.

Conclusion
Overall, urban soils have potentially low erosion risk as shown by the K factor values, but sound management is essential to keep actual erosion rates down, because relief, climatic factors as well as human behavior are susceptible of increasing erosion risk at some points.
Ecological Empiricism
Authors: Vosgerau Gottfried 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBoth metaphysics and cognitive science raise the question of what natural concepts or properties are. A link between the two is notoriously hard to establish. I propose to take natural concepts or properties to be those that are revealed in interaction. The concept of affordances is refined and naturalized to spell out how interacting with objects grounds concepts. I will call this account “Ecological Empiricism”. I argue that the notion of naturalness within this framework turns out to be a gradable – there are more or less natural properties – and dependent on the perspective taken – metaphysically natural properties are different from cognitive natural properties. From a metaphysical point of view, perfect correlations between actions and sensory input are relevant, which are best approximated by scientific measurement. For cognition, simple or basic actions are relevant. Although metaphysical and cognitive naturalness does not coincide according to Ecological Empiricism, it presents a common framework with a uniform conception of naturalness.
Smart goggles augmented reality CT–US fusion compared to conventional fusion navigation for percutaneous needle insertion
Authors: Borde Tabea , Saccenti Laetitia , Li Ming , Varble Nicole A. , Hazen Lindsey A. , Kassin Michael T. , Ukeh Ifechi N. , Horton Keith M. , Delgado Jose F. , Martin Charles , Xu Sheng , Pritchard William F. , Karanian John W. , Wood Bradford J. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Targeting accuracy determines outcomes for percutaneous needle interventions. Augmented reality (AR) in IR may improve procedural guidance and facilitate access to complex locations. This study aimed to evaluate percutaneous needle placement accuracy using a goggle-based AR system compared to an ultrasound (US)-based fusion navigation system.

Methods
Six interventional radiologists performed 24 independent needle placements in an anthropomorphic phantom (CIRS 057A) in four needle guidance cohorts (n = 6 each): (1) US-based fusion, (2) goggle-based AR with stereoscopically projected anatomy (AR-overlay), (3) goggle AR without the projection (AR-plain), and (4) CT-guided freehand. US-based fusion included US/CT registration with electromagnetic (EM) needle, transducer, and patient tracking. For AR-overlay, US, EM-tracked needle, stereoscopic anatomical structures and targets were superimposed over the phantom. Needle placement accuracy (distance from needle tip to target center), placement time (from skin puncture to final position), and procedure time (time to completion) were measured.

Results
Mean needle placement accuracy using US-based fusion, AR-overlay, AR-plain, and freehand was 4.5 ± 1.7 mm, 7.0 ± 4.7 mm, 4.7 ± 1.7 mm, and 9.2 ± 5.8 mm, respectively. AR-plain demonstrated comparable accuracy to US-based fusion (p = 0.7) and AR-overlay (p = 0.06). Excluding two outliers, AR-overlay accuracy became 5.9 ± 2.6 mm. US-based fusion had the highest mean placement time (44.3 ± 27.7 s) compared to all navigation cohorts (p < 0.001). Longest procedure times were recorded with AR-overlay (34 ± 10.2 min) compared to AR-plain (22.7 ± 8.6 min, p = 0.09), US-based fusion (19.5 ± 5.6 min, p = 0.02), and freehand (14.8 ± 1.6 min, p = 0.002).

Conclusion
Goggle-based AR showed no difference in needle placement accuracy compared to the commercially available US-based fusion navigation platform. Differences in accuracy and procedure times were apparent with different display modes (with/without stereoscopic projections). The AR-based projection of the US and needle trajectory over the body may be a helpful tool to enhance visuospatial orientation. Thus, this study refines the potential role of AR for needle placements, which may serve as a catalyst for informed implementation of AR techniques in IR.
The Prevalence of Bradycardia 12 Years After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass for Severe Obesity
Authors: Brudeseth Simen , Sandvik Jorunn , Nymo Siren , Johnsen Gjermund , Kulseng Bård , Hoff Dag Arne Lihaug , Hole Torstein 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The aim was to describe the frequency of bradycardia 12 years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), relations to weight loss, patient characteristics, and the clinical impact.

Materials and Methods
The BAROPS study is a prospective observational study of patients who had follow-up > 10 years after RYGB. Patients with heart rate (HR) ≤ 50 bpm were compared to patients with HR > 50 bpm.

Results
After a mean observation period of 12 years, 32 of 546 patients (6%) had a HR ≤ 50 with a mean HR of 47.0 (2.8) bpm. The comparator group (192 patients) had a mean HR of 66.4 (10.2) bpm (p < 0.001). A higher proportion of the bradycardic vs. non-bradycardic patients (18.8% vs. 7.8% at baseline (p = 0.05) and 18.8% vs. 5.2% at end of study (p = 0.006)) used beta-blockers. Both groups had a significant reduction in heart rate from pre-surgery to end of observation. Percent total weight loss from baseline was negatively related to heart rate (p < 0.001), and smoking was positively related to heart rate (p = 0.014). Change in BMI from pre-surgery (p < 0.001) and hypertension at pre-surgery (p = 0.006) were significant predictors of change in heart rate. The only predictor of HR ≤ 50 was the use of beta-blockers (p = 0.010). There were no difference in bradycardia-related symptoms.

Conclusion
Six percent of patients had HR ≤ 50 bpm 12 years after RYGB, but there was no increased bradycardia-related symptoms in these patients. RYGB induced a significant reduction in HR, and heart rate and changes in heart rate 12 years after RYGB were related to the amount of weight loss.

Graphical Abstract
Investigation of crack segmentation and fast evaluation of crack propagation, based on deep learning
Authors: Tran Than V. , Nguyen-Xuan H. , Zhuang Xiaoying 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIdentifying crack and predicting crack propagation are critical processes for the risk assessment of engineering structures. Most traditional approaches to crack modeling are faced with issues of high computational costs and excessive computing time. To address this issue, we explore the potential of deep learning (DL) to increase the efficiency of crack detection and forecasting crack growth. However, there is no single algorithm that can fit all data sets well or can apply in all cases since specific tasks vary. In the paper, we present DL models for identifying cracks, especially on concrete surface images, and for predicting crack propagation. Firstly, SegNet and U-Net networks are used to identify concrete cracks. Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and adaptive moment estimation (Adam) algorithms are applied to minimize loss function during iterations. Secondly, time series algorithms including gated recurrent unit (GRU) and long short-term memory (LSTM) are used to predict crack propagation. The experimental findings indicate that the U-Net is more robust and efficient than the SegNet for identifying crack segmentation and achieves the most outstanding results. For evaluation of crack propagation, GRU and LSTM are used as DL models and results show good agreement with the experimental data.
In silico analysis of a heme-thiolate peroxidase gene discovered in an ectomycorrhizal fungus of Carpathian primeval forest: implications for biotechnological applications
Authors: Kubala Bohuš , Ferianc Peter , Chovanová Katarína , Zámocký Marcel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this work, we focus on the identification of novel fungal peroxygenase gene belonging to the peroxidase-peroxygenase superfamily. We applied a metagenomic approach on soil samples from primeval forest and appropriate bioinformatics tools for analysis of obtained genomic DNA sequence. Peroxidases are ubiquitous metalloenzymes that are able to reduce reactive peroxides, mainly hydrogen peroxide, into water, whereas several substrates can be concomitantly oxidized during their catalytic reaction. Our purpose was to collect unique peroxygenase sequence data originating from a preserved biotope for a robust phylogenetic reconstruction of a particular gene family coding for highly versatile heme-thiolate peroxidases that has peculiar yet undiscovered representatives among ectomycorrhizal fungi. We identified unique DNA sequence, 812 bp long, from ectomycorrhizal Suillus species coding for a heme-thiolate peroxidase with 1 typical intron that appears distinctive for Carpathian forests. After translation in corresponding protein sequence 251 amino acids long we could identify typical signatures of this peroxygenase. On the proximal side of heme we found the conserved P-C-P triad responsible for efficient ligation of heme iron thus influencing the reactivity of this peroxidase. On the distal side we recognized the E-H-D-X-S-L motif for interaction with a stabilizing magnesium ion. Maximum likelihood reconstruction of protein phylogeny revealed with a high bootstrap support the presence of a monophyletic HTP4 clade originating in numerous Suillus representatives. Together with sister clades of edible Boletus and poisonous Paxillus containing diverse peroxygenases these newly discovered heme catalyst can be considered for application of oxyfunctionalization of organic molecules.
The Effect of Milk Fat Globule Membrane (MFGM) Concentrate Addition on Ultrafiltered Goat Milk Coagulation and Fresh Cheese Rheology
Authors: Hueso Diego , Delgado David , Gallo Veronica , Gómez-Guillén M. Carmen , Fontecha Javier , Gómez-Cortés Pilar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMilk fat globule membrane (MFGM) is a lipidic tri-layer structure rich in polar lipids and glycoproteins with promising health and technological benefits, which can be isolated from dairy industry by-products. The present research aims to understand the effect of the addition of an enriched MFGM concentrate on the milk coagulation process and on the structural behavior of ultrafiltered fresh cheeses (UFC). To this end, goat milk was ultrafiltered at 3 protein levels (10, 12, and 14%) and three MFGM contents were evaluated (0, 0.4, and 0.8%). UFC batches were manufactured and characterized using rheology. Coagulation kinetics revealed that ultrafiltration and MFGM addition increased the firmness of the cheese gel. Protein content was the primary factor contributing to gel firmness, and among the mixtures tested, those containing 14% proteins exhibited the highest elastic modulus values. Dynamic and static shear analyses showed that the combination of ultrafiltration and enriched MFGM concentrate supplementation had a synergic effect on cheese viscoelastic behavior. Loss factor (tan(δ)) may be a marker that can be monitored in cheesemaking when adding MFGM concentrate. Overall, MFGM concentrate would improve the rheological characteristics of fresh cheeses, being a promising ingredient for the food industry.
The mediating and buffering effect of resilience on the relationship between loneliness and social media addiction among adolescent
Authors: Yam Faruk Caner , Yıldırım Oğuzhan , Köksal Burak 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSocial media addiction has many negative effects on the mental health of adolescents. In addition, adolescence is among the high-risk groups in terms of social media addiction. Loneliness is an important variable in the emergence of social media addiction in adolescents. In addition, loneliness is considered a risk factor for adolescents' psychological resilience. Although there is a significant relationship between psychological resilience and technology addictions, there is no research examining the mediating role of psychological resilience between loneliness and social media addiction in adolescents. This study aimed to examine the mediating role of resilience in the relationship between loneliness and social media addiction in adolescents. The study was conducted with 786 adolescents aged 11 to 18, including 474 girls (60.3%) and 312 (39.7%) boys. The data of the study were collected using the Social Media Addiction Scale, the UCLA-Loneliness Short Form, and the Psychological Resilience Scale. The mediation analysis results showed that psychological resilience had a partial mediator role in the relationship between loneliness and social media addiction. These results obtained in the study provide important evidence for the potential buffering role of psychological resilience in reducing social media addiction in adolescents with high levels of loneliness. An overall evaluation of the results indicates that psychological resilience interventions for adolescents with high levels of loneliness could reduce their social media addiction and affect their mental health positively.
Counterfactual Explanations in the Big Picture: An Approach for Process Prediction-Driven Job-Shop Scheduling Optimization
Authors: Mehdiyev Nijat , Majlatow Maxim , Fettke Peter 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, we propose a pioneering framework for generating multi-objective counterfactual explanations in job-shop scheduling contexts, combining predictive process monitoring with advanced mathematical optimization techniques. Using the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) for multi-objective optimization, our approach enhances the generation of counterfactual explanations that illuminate potential enhancements at both the operational and systemic levels. Validated with real-world data, our methodology underscores the superiority of NSGA-II in crafting pertinent and actionable counterfactual explanations, surpassing traditional methods in both efficiency and practical relevance. This work advances the domains of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), predictive process monitoring, and combinatorial optimization, providing an effective tool for improving automated scheduling systems’ clarity, and decision-making capabilities.
Enablers and Barriers of Online Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Informal Carers: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review
Authors: Abeysinghe Mudiyanselage Charunya Amilani Kumarihami Rambukw , Ewens Beverley , Smyth Aisling , Dickson Joanne , Ang Seng Giap Marcus 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Informal carers are an integral part of any health care system. However, provision of informal care is associated with caregiver burden and decreased wellbeing. Mindfulness programs can reduce caregiving burden and improve wellbeing among informal carers, but they face challenges when participating in face-to-face programs. Studies have explored the effects of online delivery of mindfulness programs for informal carers. However, the enablers and barriers for participation are not well understood. This review aimed to synthesise the evidence and provide a comprehensive understanding of the enablers and barriers to participation in online mindfulness programs among this population.

Methods
A mixed-methods systematic review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute mixed-methods systematic review approach and using eight databases. All empirical studies published in English and involving informal carers aged over 18 years were included. Critical appraisal was conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Thematic analysis was conducted to integrate the data.

Results
Nine studies were included: three quantitative, two qualitative, and four mixed methods. Three subthemes for enablers and barriers were developed. Three subthemes for enablers included self-motivation, positive experience of mindfulness, and program structure and delivery. Three subthemes for barriers included lack of self-motivation, external factors preventing participation, and program structure and delivery. The enablers and barriers were interrelated within and across the identified themes.

Conclusions
A comprehensive synthesis of current evidence was provided for consideration when developing online mindfulness-based interventions for informal carers. Further investigation is recommended, particularly in relation to the enablers and barriers to engagement by informal carers.

Preregistration
The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023409311).
Robotic surgery for thymic cysts: clinical features, management, and results of a multicentric study
Authors: Cusumano Giacomo , Meacci Elisa , Romano Gaetano , Cavaleri Marco , Congedo Maria Teresa , Davini Federico , Margaritora Stefano , Terminella Alberto , Melfi Franca 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThymic cysts are rare, radiological diagnosis is often incidental, and cysts seldom assume clinical relevance for symptoms of compression. Thymoma were occasionally found inside both complex and simple thymic cysts. Given the challenges in accurately clinical diagnosing and since the occasionally discovering of thymoma inside both complex and simple thymic cysts, the management of thymic cysts remains controversial. Advancements in surgical tools such as robotics, applied to thymic conditions, could potentially transform the approach to thymic cysts. We report one the largest multicentric series of thymic cysts surgically treated with robotic approach, focusing on preoperative findings and surgical results. Cases were gathered from three Italian thoracic surgery centers with homogeneous clinical practice, significant experience in thymic neoplasms, and thoracic robotic skilled. Surgical intervention was indicated for patients with radiological diagnosis of thymic cysts under the following circumstances: the presence of symptoms, concurrent myasthenia gravis, cysts growing in follow-up, and the complexity of the cyst with suspicion of neoplasm. Data were collected and matched according to postoperative and pathological features to identify potential prognostic factors. Population include 57 patients, 29/28 male/female ratio with mean age of 59.46 ± 11.67 years. The average size of the thymic cysts was 29.14 ± 24.53 ranged between 3 and 150 mm. All patients undergone CT scan and mean of values of density was 25.82 ± 11–82 Hounsfield. Surgical procedures were robotic approach in all case including total/extended thymectomy 35 (61.4%) and cyst resection/partial thymectomy 22 (38.6%). There were no mortality or recurrence. Major complications rate was 5.3%. No correlations were observed between preoperative features and complication. Pathological examination revealed microfoci of thymic tumor in four cases. Robot-assisted surgery for thymic cysts showed excellent early clinical outcomes with low rate of postoperative complications also in case of large lesion. Thymic cysts should not be underestimated due to the risk of coexistent thymic neoplasm.