bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capillarity‐Driven Enrichment and Hydrodynamic Trapping of Trace Nucleic Acids by Plasmonic Cavity Membrane for Rapid and Sensitive Detections
Authors: Whang Keumrai , Min Junwon , Shin Yonghee , Hwang Inhyeok , Lee Hyunjoo , Kwak Taejin , La Ju A. , Kim Sungbong , Kim Dongchoul , Lee Luke P. , Kang Taewook 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSmall‐reactor‐based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has attracted considerable attention. A significant number of tiny reactors must be prepared in parallel to capture, amplify, and accurately quantify few target genes in clinically relevant large volume, which, however, requires sophisticated microfabrication and longer sample‐to‐answer time. Here, single plasmonic cavity membrane is reported that not only enriches and captures few nucleic acids by taking advantage of both capillarity and hydrodynamic trapping but also quickly amplifies them for sensitive plasmonic detection. The plasmonic cavity membrane with few nanoliters in a void volume is fabricated by self‐assembling gold nanorods with SiO2 tips. Simulations reveal that hydrodynamic stagnation between the SiO2 tips is mainly responsible for the trapping of the nucleic acid in the membrane. Finally, it is shown that the plasmonic cavity membrane is capable of enriching severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) genes up to 20 000‐fold within 1 min, amplifying within 3 min, and detecting the trace genes as low as a single copy µL−1. It is anticipated that this work not only expands the utility of PCR but also provides an innovative way of the enrichment and detection of trace biomolecules in a variety of point‐of‐care testing applications.
Understanding and Weakening Photon Recycling in Solar Cells to Approach the Radiative Limit
Authors: Zheng Haofeng , Liu Qi , Wang Yanlong , Hu Jing , Zou Dechun , Hou Shaocong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPhoton recycling plays an important role in the light outcoupling of state‐of‐the‐art solar cells and is considered a necessary condition to achieve the radiative limit of open‐circuit voltage (VOC) and efficiency. However, due to the impact of photon recycling on bulk and surface radiation of solar cells being overlooked, experimental demonstrations on the accuracy of existing photon recycling models are scarce and some contrary theoretical results also emerge. Here, the relationship between photon recycling and radiation processes, as well as the corresponding VOC losses of solar cells based on the principle of detailed balance is clarified. It is shown that weakening photon recycling is more effective to boost the device performance than enhancing it, promoting the theoretical efficiencies of solar cells, such as perovskite, Si, and GaAs, to 98.5%, 94.9%, and almost 100% of their radiative limit, respectively. Moreover, weakening photon recycling also helps to maintain higher efficiency when the internal radiative efficiency decreases, which benefits higher device stability. This work provides an in‐depth understanding of the role of photon recycling in solar cells and helps to push efficiency to a new limit.
Surface Engineering of Tin Oxide Nanoparticles by pH Modulation Facilitates Homogeneous Film Formation for Efficient Perovskite Solar Modules
Authors: Yun Hyun‐Sung , Seo You‐Hyun , Seo Chae‐Eun , Kim Hyun Seo , Yoo Soo Bin , Kang Bong Joo , Jeon Nam Joong , Jung Eui Hyuk 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUniform film deposition over an entire substrate is indispensable to achieve efficient perovskite solar modules (PSMs) by minimizing the gap with high‐performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Only a few microscopic pinholes on the film in PSMs directly give rise to debase the performance and stimulate the degradation of the devices. Herein, a strategy of the homogeneous and defect‐reduced electron‐transport layer for high‐performance PSMs is reported. pH modulation of tin oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles colloidal dispersion by a small amount of nitric acid (HNO3) addition leads to the removal of hydroxy groups on the SnO2 surface acting as electronic defects as well as superb regularity of the thin films by forming a network of the SnO2 nanoparticles. The surface engineering of SnO2 nanoparticles brings out the high performance of 23.7% efficiency for a unit cell, 20.3% efficiency for a 24.5 cm2 minimodule, and 19.0% efficiency for a 214.7 cm2 submodule, respectively, where all efficiencies are averaged from results obtained by the reverse/forward scan. In outdoor tests with the submodules, a target PSM generates 16.5% higher cumulative electricity for a month as compared to a control PSM. Furthermore, under damp heat environments, the target PSM maintains 80% efficiency compared to an initial efficiency of 1080 h.
Quantifying soil microbial effects on plant species coexistence: A conceptual synthesis
Authors: Kandlikar Gaurav S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSoil microorganisms play a critical role in shaping the biodiversity dynamics of plant communities. These microbial effects can arise through direct mediation of plant fitness by pathogens and mutualists, and over the past two decades, numerous studies have shined a spotlight on the role of dynamic feedbacks between plants and soil microorganisms as key determinants of plant species coexistence. Such feedbacks occur when plants modify the composition of the soil community, which in turn affects plant performance. Stimulated by a theoretical model developed in the 1990s, a bulk of the empirical evidence for microbial controls over plant coexistence comes from experiments that quantify plant growth in soil communities that were previously conditioned by conspecific or heterospecific plants. These studies have revealed that soil microbes can generate strong negative to positive frequency‐dependent dynamics among plants. Even as soil microbes have become recognized as a key player in determining plant coexistence outcomes, the past few years have seen a renewed interest in expanding the conceptual foundations of this field. New results include re‐interpretations of key metrics from classic two‐species models, extensions of plant–soil feedback theory to multispecies communities, and frameworks to integrate plant–soil feedbacks with processes like intra‐ and interspecific competition. Here, I review the implications of theoretical developments for interpreting existing empirical results and highlight proposed analyses and designs for future experiments that can enable a more complete understanding of microbial regulation of plant community dynamics.
Acyclic Cucurbit[n]uril Receptors Function as Solid State Sequestrants for Organic Micropollutants
Authors: Perera Suvenika , Shaurya Alok , Baptiste Michael , Zavalij Peter Y. , Isaacs Lyle 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe accumulation of organic micropollutants (OMP) in aquatic systems is a major societal problem that can be addressed by approaches including nanofiltration, flocculation, reverse osmosis and adsorptive methods using insoluble materials (e.g. activated carbon, MOFs, nanocomposites). More recently, polymeric versions of supramolecular hosts (e.g. cyclodextrins, calixarenes, pillararenes) have been investigated as OMP sequestrants. Herein, we report our study of the use of water insoluble dimethylcatechol walled acyclic cucurbit[n]uril (CB[n]) hosts as solid state sequestrants for a panel of five OMPs. A series of hosts (H1–H4) were synthesized by reaction of glycoluril oligomer (monomer–tetramer) with 3,6‐dimethylcatechol and fully characterized by spectroscopic means and x‐ray crystallography. The solid hosts sequester OMPs from water with removal efficiencies exceeding 90 % in some cases. The removal efficiencies of the new hosts parallel the known molecular recognition properties of analogous water soluble acyclic CB[n]. OMP uptake by solid host occurs rapidly (≈120 seconds). Head‐to‐head comparison with CB[6] in batch‐mode separation and DARCO activated carbon in flow‐through separation mode show that tetramer derived host (H4) performs very well under identical conditions. The work establishes insoluble acyclic CB[n]‐type receptors as a promising new platform for OMP sequestration.
Guidelines in Practice: A Safe Environment of Care
Authors: Kneisley Melissa 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTCreating a safe environment for performing surgical procedures is essential to achieve successful patient outcomes and protect the perioperative personnel who are providing care. Numerous factors challenge the provision of a safe environment of care and create a complex setting for perioperative nurses to manage. The updated AORN “Guideline for a safe environment of care” provides perioperative nurses with recommendations for establishing a safe environment for both patients and personnel. This article provides an overview of the guideline and discusses recommendations for implementing fire safety protocols, using warming cabinets, and creating a latex‐safe environment. It also includes a scenario describing the care of a patient with an unidentified latex allergy who is undergoing a laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and hiatal hernia repair. Perioperative nurses should review the guideline in its entirety and implement recommendations as applicable in operative and other procedural settings.
A Quality Improvement Project to Increase Compliance With a Facility Protocol on Surgical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis
Authors: Wysocki Kimberly , Zedreck Gonzalez Judith F. , Ren Dianxu 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTSurgical site infections (SSIs) contribute to negative outcomes for patients and health care organizations. Compliance with clinical practice guidelines likely can help prevent SSIs. An interdisciplinary team at a regional referral center in Michigan sought to reduce SSIs by improving compliance with the facility's preoperative antibiotic selection, dosing, timing, and redosing protocol. The interventions for the quality improvement project included adding the preprocedural antibiotics and doses to the master OR schedule; holding an education session for all preoperative nurses, intraoperative nurses, and anesthesia professionals; and posting a reference guide in the preoperative and intraoperative areas. Compliance with the facility's protocol for antibiotic selection, dosing, and timing significantly improved. However, SSI rates and compliance with redosing recommendations did not change significantly. The team decided to add the antibiotic order information to the master OR schedule permanently. The team plans to consider providing education sessions on administering preprocedural antibiotics outside the OR.
Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the camouflaging autistic traits questionnaire
Authors: Hongo Minako , Oshima Fumiyo , Guan Siqing , Takahashi Toru , Nitta Yusuke , Seto Mikuko , Hull Laura , Mandy William , Ohtani Toshiyuki , Tamura Masaki , Shimizu Eiji 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the factor structure and determined the reliability and validity of the Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire–Japanese version (CAT‐Q‐J) among 204 autistic and 410 non‐autistic people. Since a confirmatory factor analysis revealed no factor validity of the CAT‐Q‐J for both autistic and non‐autistic adults, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted to ensure the psychometric properties matched those of the original scale as much as possible. The results showed the CAT‐Q‐J comprised three subscales, a four‐item compensation subscale, a five‐item masking scale, and a five‐item assimilation subscale. The overall CAT‐Q‐J and all three subscales showed sufficient internal consistency and moderate‐to‐good and stable test–retest reliability in both the autistic and non‐autistic samples. Convergent validity was also supported by the correlations found with measures of autistic traits, well‐being, anxiety, and depression. Different from the original CAT‐Q, compensation/masking for the autistic sample was not correlated with mental health or autistic traits. The reliability and the validity of the overall CAT‐Q‐J were confirmed; however, caution should be exercised when interpreting its subscales.
Recent advances in biomimetic aggregation‐induced emission photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy and immunotherapy
Authors: Guo Shuai , Tang Hui , Zhang Yahui , Wang Zhouyu , Tan Swee Ching 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe development of novel photosensitizers (PSs) with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) properties has emerged as a crucial advancement in the field of photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, the versatile applications of AIE PSs are limited by low encapsulation efficiency and inadequate target tissue permeability. Biomimetic technology stands out as a promising strategy to overcome these challenges, aiming to enhance AIE PSs tumor penetration efficacy, and their association with antitumor immune responses. In this review, recent advancements in biomimetic AIE PSs for PDT and immunotherapy are summarized. We start with introducing strategies involving biomimetic AIE PSs based on cell membranes and extracellular vesicles for the combined application of PDT and immunotherapy. We then discuss the preparation of biomimetic AIE PSs nanoparticles. Finally, we briefly outline the challenges and prospects associated with biomimetic AIE PSs.
Incidence, progression, and predictors of left atrial appendage sealing after Watchman FLX device implantation with computed tomographic assessment
Authors: Yoon Sung‐Han , Amoah Joseph Kofi , Galo Jason , Dallan Luis Augusto Palma , Arruda Mauricio , Rashid Imran , Rajagopalan Sanjay , Filby Steven J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundLimited data exists regarding incidence, progression, and predictors of left atrial appendage (LAA) sealing after transcatheter LAA closure. We aimed to evaluate the incidence, progression, and predictive factors associated with LAA sealing after LAA closure.MethodsThis study includes patients who underwent successful LAA closure with Watchman FLX device and had both pre‐ and postprocedural computed tomography (CT). Postprocedural CT was performed 45 days after LAA closure and used to evaluate residual LAA patency. Patient who had residual LAA patency at 45 days underwent 1‐year follow‐up CT.ResultsA total of 105 patients (mean age: 75.2 ± 9.6 years; 53.3% female) who underwent successful LAA closure with Watchman FLX device and had pre‐ and postprocedural CT at 45 days were included. Residual patency was observed in 35 (33.3%) patients: 21 (20.0%) patients showed complete contrast opacification in LAA (complete LAA patency) while 14 (13.3%) patients showed contrast opacification only in the distal LAA (distal LAA patency). Among patients with residual LAA patency at 45 days, the rate of LAA sealing at 1 year was significantly higher in the distal LAA patency group than in the complete LAA patency group (75.0% vs. 16.7%;p = 0.019). Increased depth oversizing was associated with both distal LAA patency and complete LAA patency.ConclusionPostprocedural CT at 45 days detected patent LAA in one‐third of patients after LAA closure. LAA sealing was more frequently observed at 1 year among the distal LAA patency group than the complete LAA patency group.
PdSnW Ternary Alloy Nanoparticle with Excellent CO Anti‐Poisoning Activity for Boosting Alkaline Ethanol Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Chen Jianpo , Tan Xiaohong , He Weidong , Guo Yingying , Xiao Yuhang , Cui Hao , Wang Chengxin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEfficient ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) catalysts with anti‐poisoning ability and high selectivity are in high demand for the widespread application of direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs). Here, the PdSnW ternary alloy nanoparticles are synthesized by a facile solvothermal method and exhibit an enhanced EOR catalytic performance. CO stripping experiment, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and in situ Fourier transform infrared are employed to study the correlation between catalyst structure and EOR catalytic performance. The oxyphilic Sn and W not only provide dangling O−H bond, accelerating the subsequent oxidation of adsorbed intermediate CO species, but also moderate the electron state of Pd, enhancing the adsorption of CH3CH2OH, thus resulting in the promotion of C−C bond cleavage and an increased C1 selectivity. As a consequence, PdSnW alloy nanoparticle catalyst exhibit a better stability and a higher mass activity than those of Pd/C, PdSn and PdW, respectively. This work not only offers novel insights to strategically design highly efficient electrocatalysts for ethanol oxidation, but also further clarifies the inherent structure‐activity relationship.
Oxime Palladacycle Supported on Magnetic Meoporous Silica: An Efficient Catalyst for Copper‐Free Acyl Sonogashira Reaction
Authors: Ghahramani Fatemeh , Mansoori Yagoub , John Michael 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe catalytic activity of the supported bis(oxime palladacycle) catalyst was evaluated in the acyl Sonogashira reaction. The reaction conditions, such as solvent, base, and palladium content, were screened to achieve the best catalytic performance. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) solvent, triethylamine (Et3N) base, and the reaction temperature of 110 °C were found to be ideal for achieving high yields of the desired products. Furthermore, a catalyst loading of only 0.22 mol% palladium was sufficient to achieve good conversion. Broad ranges of aryl acetylenes and benzoyl chlorides were successfully coupled to give the desired acetylenic ketones. The reaction appeared to proceed efficiently using a small amount of catalyst. The magnetic property of the catalyst allowed for easy separation using an external magnet. The catalyst was stable and reused for multiple reaction runs without a significant deactivation. After seven cycles, the catalyst maintained over 90 % of its initial catalytic activity.
A 2.41 ppm/°C bandgap voltage reference with second‐order curvature compensation
Authors: Jia Shichao , Ye Tianchun , Xiao Shimao 
Published: April 2024

SummaryA current‐mode (CM) bandgap voltage reference (BGR) with second‐order curvature compensation is presented in this paper. The proposed CM BGR offers a simple compensation structure that requires only six additional transistors compared with traditional BGR designs, making it an attractive solution for low temperature coefficient (TC) voltage references. Proportional to absolute temperature (PTAT) current digital‐to‐analog converters (DACs) are used to suppress the effect of process variation and device mismatch on TC. The compensation signal is generated using the voltage difference of two bipolar junction transistor (BJT) emitter–bases whose currents are the sum and difference of the PTAT current and the zero to absolute temperature (ZTAT) current, respectively. The proposed CM BGR is designed with 0.18‐μm BIPOLAR CMOS DMOS process. A TC is 2.41 ppm/°C over a wide temperature range of −40°C to 150°C. The linear sensitivity of the supply voltage from 1.2 to 2 V is 0.027%/V. With an active area of 0.0721 mm2, it consumes 68 μA at room temperature. The integrated output noise from 0.1 to 10 Hz is 21.9 μV.
Blocker tolerant cascode LNA for Wifi & IoT applications
Authors: Das S. Mohan , Ramanaiah Kota Venkata 
Published: April 2024

SummaryWithin the domain of contemporary wireless communication systems, crafting Low‐Noise Amplifiers (LNA) holds a pivotal significance in achieving heightened signal sensitivity and comprehensive system efficacy and suppresses noise contributions from subsequent stages. Additionally, the low noise figure (NF) and high gain are critical LNA performance parameters in portable applications. Normally, LNA contains issues in noise performance, amplification, bandwidth, gain, and stability. To overcome these challenges, there must be a proper selection of transistors, harmonious impedance calibration, bias optimization, and circuit fine‐tuning. Moreover, metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) are a popular choice in LNA design because of their excellent noise performance, high input impedance, complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor (CMOS) integration capabilities, low power operation, and suitability for a wide range of frequency applications. Through simulation and iterative enhancement, the LNA showcases remarkable Noise Figure, amplification, and linearity over a designated frequency span. This creation contributes to the advancement of radio frequency (RF) circuitry by designing an approach for LNA crafting that harmonizes conflicting prerequisites and unveils effective noise mitigation tactics. The outcomes emphasize the importance of a deliberated circuit architecture and parameter adjustment in accomplishing superlative LNA capabilities, rendering it fit for assimilation into diverse communication systems that demand minimal noise and heightened sensitivity.
Cytopathology fellowship and practice: Are our trainees and cytopathologists diverse?
Authors: Fitzhugh Valerie A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOver the last several years, there has been increased focus on diversity, equity, and inclusion within all areas of pathology and laboratory medicine. Many of the specialty societies within pathology have taken up the mantle of diversity. While there is little research into the diversity of cytopathologists in practice, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) has been collecting diversity data on pathology and laboratory medicine trainees since 2011. This data are an opportunity to explore how diverse our trainees in cytopathology are, and by extrapolation, allows us to develop some ideas as to how diverse attending level cytopathologists are. The author will also share personal observations from her own training and career regarding diversity in cytopathology.
A Self‐Assembly of New Cobalt Coordinating Polymer Based on Fluorinated Secondary Building Unit and Pyrazine
Authors: Buzoverov. Mikhail E. , Lermontova Elmira Kh. , Volkova Olga S. , Vorobyova Anna A. , Glazunova Tatyana Yu. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe direct two‐step synthesis of new coordination polymer [Co2(pyz)(tfa)2(dmf)6(H2O)][Co3(μ3‐F)(tfa)6(pyz)(dmf)]2 ⋅ 2dmf, (where pyz=pyrazine, Htfa=trifluoroacetic acid, dmf=dimethyl formamide) containing the fluoro‐centered secondary building block [Co3(μ3‐F)(tfa)6], is reported. The substance characterization using single‐crystal XRD, powder XRD, IR‐spectroscopy and thermogravimetry was performed. SCXRD data revealed the presence of cationic and anionic subsystems, both containing cobalt(II) ions and pyrazine bridging ligands. The magnetic proper‐ties of the compound were collected and discussed. Temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility shows Curie–Weiss like behavior at all studied temperatures.
Prediction of plugging formulation based on PSO‐BP optimization neural network
Authors: Wang Xudong , Chen Ye , Huang Mei , Zeng Bo , Li Zhengtao , Su Junlin , Zhang Yuchen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the context of drilling operations, the study investigated the ability of a combination of rigid mineral particles and composite plugging agents to seal simulated cracks effectively. The study used a neural network model to predict the outcomes of experiments using this combination, based on data collected during the research. Initially, a backpropagation (BP) neural network was used to establish the prediction model, which was later optimized using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to improve its accuracy, stability, and learning abilities. As a result, the optimized prediction model was found to be capable of providing accurate and compliant drilling plugging formulas quickly. This feature helped guide targeted formula experiments and significantly reduced experimental time and costs. In five practices in a well area in the southern Sichuan region of China, the application success rate was as high as 60%, and the time spent on plugging was reduced by an average of 36%. Overall, this study contributes to the development of effective and efficient drilling techniques, which are essential in the exploration and production of hydrocarbon resources.