bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visual evoked potential evidence of albino‐like chiasmal misrouting in a patient with Angelman syndrome with no ocular features of albinism
Authors: Thompson D A , Kriss A , Cottrell S , Taylor D 
Published: July 2010

An 8‐month‐old boy with global developmental delay, including visual and hearing inattention, was examined in the ophthalmic clinic. Monocular flash visual evoked potentials demonstrated a crossed asymmetry in scalp distribution, a feature considered to be pathognomic of albinism.Remarkably a foveal reflex was noted in each eye and this patient did not have nystagmus, iris transillumination, nor conspicuously pale fundi. The optic discs appeared normal. He was noted to have very fair skin and hair, with a small head and flat occiput. Cytogenetic studies demonstrated a microdeletion of the maternal chromosome 15q11–q13, and he was diagnosed with Angelman syndrome.
MM:1 2008 Fred P. Sage Award Winner Home exercise therapy program for pediatric brachial plexus palsy
Authors: NELSON VS 
Published: July 2010

Approximately 1–2 of every 1000 children born will sustain Pediatric Brachial Plexus Palsy (PBPP). PBPP results from the stretching of the nerves of the brachial plexus, leading to loss of function of the hand, arm and shoulder. While some children will recover spontaneously, between 10% and 30% require life‐long treatment. An essential component of the treatment is exercise therapy. However, because the exercises are not intuitive, it is difficult for children and their caregivers to perform these exercises consistently and correctly at home. This unique Home Exercise Therapy Program for infants, toddlers, and older children with Brachial Plexus Palsy is a novel DVD program that guides patients and their caretakers through exercises to increase strength and flexibility. The program includes a detailed demonstration of the range‐of‐motion movements and an easy‐to‐use ‘follow‐along’ routine. Once the movements are mastered, the active play segment will make the exercises fun to do, and the strengthening segments offers tips for everyday activities. As an added feature, a stimulating daily routine will further encourage older children to participate independently by following the movements illustrated by our occupational therapists. Including these exercises as part of the child's daily routine of play and child care can make a significant difference in the child's life. Think of it as another way of playing with the child – an activity that can be fun, while paying dividends for a lifetime.Acknowledgements:Patient Program Participants and Their Families High Point School, Washtenaw Intermediate School District; Faculty and Staff of the University of Michigan Brachial Plexus Program; Evolution Media Funding generously provided by: Carls Foundation FRIENDS of the University of Michigan Hospitals.
MM:4 The children with special health care needs podcast series
Authors: CARBONE P 
Published: July 2010

The Children with Special Health Care Needs (CSHCN) Podcast Series utilizes a new medium (the podcast) to present current and state‐of‐the‐art clinical reviews to pediatric residents and pediatricians who care for children with disabilities. The podcast represents an innovative method of presenting teaching materials. Audio content can be downloaded to portable media players on demand, and later listened to at the user's convenience. Podcasting is spreading quickly because of the rapid adoption of MP3 players, increasing familiarity with electronic transfer of information, and the desire of learners to have fresh content. The CSHCN Podcast Series is a set of interview‐style lectures that are posted on ‘Podcasting from the U’ (http://www.utah.edu/podcast), a website recently developed by the University of Utah for public access of audio‐based educational content. Each podcast addresses an issue relevant to the care of medically complex pediatric patients. The podcasts included in this submission are the third and fourth in the series. The third podcast is an interview with Nancy Murphy, MD on the diagnosis and management of cerebral palsy. The fourth podcast is a critical evaluation of autism screening recommendations by Paul Carbone, MD. All podcasts in the series can be downloaded free of charge and serve to improve dissemination of new and important information to pediatricians and trainees. We are in the process of incorporating these podcasts into the pediatric residency curriculum and evaluating their effectiveness as teaching tools.Acknowledgements:This work is posted on the Podcasting from the U website, maintained by the University of Utah Department of Marketing and Communication. Jason Smith, coordinator of the Podcasting from the U website, assists in editing.
MM:5 Orientation and mobility – moving towards independence: the early years
Authors: MATSUBA CA , GRAHAM M 
Published: July 2010

Vision along with all the other senses, pulls together meaningful information about the environment, providing motivation to experience the world. However, children with visual impairment have limited opportunities to interact in their environment. This potentially leads to delays in concept development. Early orientation and mobility education provides strategies to overcome obstacles in the presence of limited vision. Orientation is being aware of where you are, where you want to go and how you want to get there. Mobility is moving from place to place. With support, children with visual impairment can develop these independent skills. Through this DVD, caregivers are given tools to support their child with visual impairment to explore their environment. The material highlights strategies to encourage early orientation and mobility skills by introducing early motor developmental progression from body positioning to walking, encouraging motor skills. In addition, common orientation and mobility skills such as; positional concepts, landmarks, trailing, body protection, guiding, push toys, and mobility cane, are provided. In response to community needs, this educational material was developed for families, early childhood developmental professionals, and therapists. The material is presented chronologically, focusing on the individual child's ability. By using real life examples, children with varying degrees of visual impairment demonstrate common strategies to explore their environment. After reviewing the material, caregivers will be better able to understand the importance of early orientation and mobility.Acknowledgements:Ministry of Children and Family, British Columbia BC Children's Hospital Foundation.
The meanings and implications of receiving care
Authors: Lundgren Solveig M. , Berg Linda 
Published: July 2010

Scand J Caring Sci; 2011; 25; 235–242

The meanings and implications of receiving care The aim of this study was to gain an understanding of the concept of receiving care, from the perspective of the general public, nursing students and graduate nurses. The need for, and acceptance of care can occur at many different times during a human life and is sometimes necessary for survival. Experiences of receiving care are often retained as a tacit and subconscious awareness and knowledge. It is reasonable to expect that perceptions of receiving care can differ depending on different situation and experiences. Data were gathered by a questionnaire containing an open‐ended question, which were presented to and answered by the general public, nursing students and graduate nurses. Content analysis was used to analyse the question posed. Having analysed the data, one main theme could be identified; being of value despite any potential disadvantages which include both edifying and not very edifying aspects. This study demonstrates that if one is in need of receiving care, there are not many choices available. Those requiring care must accept the situation and be prepared to leave themselves in the hands of caregivers. Receiving care highlights the human mode of being, which includes experiences of being exposed, which in turn motivates a seeking for valued and appreciated mutual interactions within the caring process. Within current nursing practice, our findings confirm the necessity of nurses to be fully aware of the importance of mutuality when giving care to patients. It is essential that modern nursing education continuously review the many complex aspects involved in the giving of, and receiving care.
Gender‐specific features of plasmatic and circulating cell alterations as risk factors in cardiovascular disease
Authors: Straface Elisabetta , Lista Pasquale , Gambardella Lucrezia , Franconi Flavia , Malorni Walter 
Published: July 2010

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the Western countries. Several epidemiological studies have hypothesized a gender disparity in the pathogenesis and progression of CVD. For instance, women develop CVD when they are about 10 years older than men and, typically, after menopause. However, considering that women are often excluded from research studies, sex differences in CVD remains a frontier for discovery. Very important is thus the identification of risk factors allowing us to diagnose or predict cardiovascular events taking into account gender disparities. In this review, we will examine some of the major challenges in the discovery and validation of cardiovascular biomarkers in a gender perspective. In particular, we will consider classical (hypertension, smoking, diabetes, dyslipidemia, physical inactivity) and novel (inflammation markers, markers of endothelial dysfunction, markers of coronary disease) risk factors reporting gender differences. The aim of this review was to provide an overview on current knowledge on sex‐associated cardiovascular determinants with the aim to improve CVD diagnostic and prognostic clinical courses and to develop new and gender‐biased prevention strategies.
Pharmacological preconditioning by diazoxide downregulates cardiac L‐type Ca2+ channels
Authors: González G , Zaldívar D , Carrillo ED , Hernández A , García MC , Sánchez JA 
Published: July 2010

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Pharmacological preconditioning (PPC) with mitochondrial ATP‐sensitive K+ (mitoKATP) channel openers such as diazoxide, leads to cardioprotection against ischaemia. However, effects on Ca2+ homeostasis during PPC, particularly changes in Ca2+ channel activity, are poorly understood. We investigated the effects of PPC on cardiac L‐type Ca2+ channels.EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH PPC was induced in isolated hearts and enzymatically dissociated cardiomyocytes from adult rats by preincubation with diazoxide. We measured reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and Ca2+ signals associated with action potentials using fluorescent probes, and L‐type currents using a whole‐cell patch‐clamp technique. Levels of the α1c subunit of L‐type channels in the cellular membrane were measured by Western blot.KEY RESULTS PPC was accompanied by a 50% reduction in α1c subunit levels, and by a reversible fall in L‐type current amplitude and Ca2+ transients. These effects were prevented by the ROS scavenger N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine (NAC), or by the mitoKATP channel blocker 5‐hydroxydecanoate (5‐HD). PPC signficantly reduced infarct size, an effect blocked by NAC and 5‐HD. Nifedipine also conferred protection against infarction when applied during the reperfusion period. Downregulation of the α1c subunit and Ca2+ channel function were prevented in part by the protease inhibitor leupeptin.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS PPC downregulated the α1c subunit, possibly through ROS. Downregulation involved increased degradation of the Ca2+ channel, which in turn reduced Ca2+ influx, which may attenuate Ca2+ overload during reperfusion.
Histamine receptors and cancer pharmacology
Authors: Medina Vanina A. , Rivera Elena S. 
Published: July 2010

Considerable evidence has been collected indicating that histamine can modulate proliferation of different normal and malignant cells. High histamine biosynthesis and content together with histamine receptors have been reported in different human neoplasias including melanoma, colon and breast cancer, as well as in experimental tumours in which histamine has been postulated to behave as an important paracrine and autocrine regulator of proliferation. The discovery of the human histamine H4receptor in different tissues has contributed to our understanding of histamine role in numerous physiological and pathological conditions revealing novel functions for histamine and opening new perspectives in histamine pharmacology research. In the present review we aimed to briefly summarize current knowledge on histamine and histamine receptor involvement in cancer before focusing on some recent evidence supporting the novel role of histamine H4receptor in cancer progression representing a promising molecular target and avenue for cancer drug development.LINKED ARTICLESBJPhas previously published aHistaminethemed issue (2009). To view this issue visithttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2009.157.issue‐1
Rabeprazole Can Overcome the Impact of CYP2C19 Polymorphism on Quadruple Therapy
Authors: Kuo Chao‐Hung , Wang Sophie S.W. , Hsu Wen‐Hung , Kuo Fu‐Chen , Weng Bi‐Chuang , Li Chia‐Jung , Hsu Ping‐I , Chen Angela , Hung Wen‐Chun , Yang Yuan‐Chieh , Wang Wen‐Ming , Wu Deng‐Chyang 
Published: July 2010

AbstractObjectives: The prospective study was designed to clarify the impact of CYP2C19 on quadruple therapies and survey the efficacies of rabeprazole‐based quadruple therapy forHelicobacter pyloriinfection after failure of standard triple therapies.Patients and Methods: From January 2007 to March 2009, 1055H. pylori‐infected patients received standard triple regimens (proton‐pump inhibitor (PPI), clarithromycin, and amoxicillin).Helicobacter pylorieradication was achieved in 865 (81.9%) subjects. One hundred ninety eradication‐failure patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive a 7‐day eradication therapy. Ninety‐six patients were treated with esomeprazole‐based quadruple rescue therapies (EB), while 94 patients were treated with rabeprazole‐based quadruple rescue therapies (RB). Follow‐up endoscopy was done 16 weeks later to assess the treatment response. Patients’ responses,CYP2C19genotypes, and antibiotics resistances were also examined.Results: Intention‐to‐treat analysis revealed that RB had better eradication rates than EB (EB: 72.9%; 95% CI: 64.9–80.9% and RB: 78.7%; 95% CI 72.5–84.9%) (pvalue = .543). Per‐protocol results were EB = 75.3%; 95% CI: 70.3–80.3% and RB = 85.1%; 95% CI: 80.6–89.6% (pvalue = .0401). Both regimens had similar compliance (pvalue = 0.155) and adverse events (pvalue = 0.219). We also surveyed those patients without resistance of any antibiotics. RB still showed better outcome than EB. Our data showed that esomeprazole‐based regimen and CYP2C19 Hom EM genotype were important predictors for eradication failure.Conclusions: In quadruple therapy, rabeprazole‐based regimens had better efficacy than esomeprazole‐based regimens. CYP2C19 polymorphism also played an important role in quadruple therapy. It seems advisable to change PPI to rabeprazole in second‐line quadruple therapy.
Seroprevalence and Potential Risk Factors for Helicobacter pylori Infection in Brazilian Children
Authors: Dattoli Vitor Camilo Cavalcante , Veiga Rafael Valente , Da Cunha Sergio Souza , Pontes‐de‐Carvalho Lain Carlos , Barreto Maurício Lima , Alcântara‐Neves Neuza Maria 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackground:  Helicobacter pylori infection has been proved to be of great relevance to public health in unindustrialized countries, especially in low socioeconomic groups. Poor hygiene, deficient sanitation, and crowded conditions have been reported as risk factors for this infection. In this work, we investigated whether social and demographic characteristics were associated with anti‐H. pylori IgG antibodies in 1104 children aged 4–11 years old from Salvador, a large city located in northeastern Brazil.Methods:  Standardized questionnaires were used to obtain social, demographic, and environmental data for the studied population in two periods of time (from 1997 to 2003 and in 2005). Anti‐H. pylori IgG antibodies were assessed by indirect enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in 2005.Results:  Anti‐H. pylori IgG antibody was present in 28.7% of the children. Among the studied variables, the following were positively associated with the presence of anti‐H. pylori antibodies in multivariable analyses: age above 8 years old (OR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.23–2.40), a larger sibling number (OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.26–2.18), nursery attendance (OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.04–2.12), location of the house at an unpaved street (OR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.44–2.87) and absence of a flush toilet (OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.00–1.74).Conclusion:  Our data show that H. pylori infection in children from a major Brazilian city is associated with variables indicative of a crowded environment and deficient sanitation/habitation conditions, leading to the conclusion that improvements in hygiene and social conditions may protect children against this infection.
A Thin‐Layer Liquid Culture Technique for the Growth of Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Joo Jung‐Soo , Park Kyung‐Chul , Song Jae‐Young , Kim Dong‐Hyun , Lee Kyung‐Ja , Kwon Young‐Cheol , Kim Jung‐Min , Kim Kyung‐Mi , Youn Hee‐Shang , Kang Hyung‐Lyun , Baik Seung‐Chul , Lee Woo‐Kon , Cho Myung‐Je , Rhee Kwang‐Ho 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackground and Aims:  Several attempts have been successful in liquid cultivation of Helicobaccter pylori. However, there is a need to improve the growth of H. pylori in liquid media in order to get affluent growth and a simple approach for examining bacterial properties. We introduce here a thin‐layer liquid culture technique for the growth of H. pylori.Methods:  A thin‐layer liquid culture system was established by adding liquid media to a 90‐mm diameter Petri dish. Optimal conditions for bacterial growth were investigated and then viability, growth curve, and released proteins were examined.Results:  Maximal growth of H. pylori was obtained by adding 3 mL of brucella broth supplemented with 10% horse to a Petri dish. H. pylori grew in both DMEM and RPMI‐1640 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 0.5% yeast extract. Serum‐free RPMI‐1640 supported the growth of H. pylori when supplemented with dimethyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (200 μg/mL) and 1% yeast extract. Under optimal growth, H. pylori grew exponentially for 28 hours, reaching a density of 3.4 OD600 with a generation time of 3.3 hours. After 24 hours, cultures at a cell density of 1.0 OD600 contained 1.3 ± 0.1 × 109 CFU/mL. γ‐Glutamyl transpeptidase, nuclease, superoxide dismutase, and urease were not detected in culture supernatants at 24 hours in thin‐layer liquid culture, but were present at 48 hours, whereas alcohol dehydrogenase, alkylhydroperoxide reductase, catalase, and vacuolating cytotoxin were detected at 24 hours.Conclusions:  Thin‐layer liquid culture technique is feasible, and can serve as a versatile liquid culture technique for investigating bacterial properties of H. pylori.
Recipients potentially infected with parvovirus B19 by red blood cell products
Authors: Hourfar Michael Kai , Mayr‐Wohlfart Uschi , Themann Anna , Sireis Walid , Seifried Erhard , Schrezenmeier Hubert , Schmidt Michael 
Published: July 2010

BACKGROUND:Since 2000, blood donor screening for parvovirus B19 (B19) by nucleic acid testing (NAT) at the Ulm Institute has been conducted 6 to 8 weeks postdonation, that is, after transfusion of cellular blood products, whereas at the Frankfurt Institute all donations are screened before releasing any blood product. In this study, we evaluated the infectivity of B19‐positive blood products in relation to the virus concentration in the transfused blood component.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:Recipients were classified into two groups (A, transfused with blood products with B19 virus load less than 105IU/mL; and B, transfused with blood products with B19 virus load greater than 105IU/mL). Phylogenetic analyses were done for B19 DNA–positive donor and recipient pairs in the variant VP‐1u genome region. All samples were investigated for immunoglobulin (Ig)M and IgG B19 antibodies.RESULTS:B19 DNA was detected in 9 of 18 recipients of red blood cells (RBCs) from Group B, whereas none of the 16 recipients of RBCs from Group A were positive for B19 DNA (p = 0.016). Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated identical genomic sequences between the donors and recipients. Because recipient B19 DNA and antibody results were not available before transfusion, we interpret our overall data to indicate equivocal evidence of B19 transmission by RBC transfusion.CONCLUSION:B19 transmission by cellular blood products correlates with the virus concentration and the concentration of neutralizing antibodies. Thus, blood donor screening for B19 by minipool NAT should be done to supply at‐risk patients (e.g., immunosuppressed patients) with B19‐negative blood components.
The epidemiology of blood component transfusion in Catalonia, Northeastern Spain
Authors: Bosch M. Alba , Contreras Enric , Madoz Pedro , Ortiz Pilar , Pereira Arturo , Pujol M. Mar ,   on behalf of the Catalonian Blood Transfusion Epidemiology Study Group
Published: July 2010

BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic information on blood component usage can help improve the utilization of transfusion resources.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Crosssectional survey in 2007 that included every hospital in Catalonia. Clinical data of blood recipients, including the four‐digit International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification codes and the indication for transfusion, were prospectively collected according to an established protocol.RESULTS: In total, 19,148 red blood cell (RBC) units, 1812 platelet (PLT) doses, and 3070 plasma units, transfused into 8019 patients (median age, 71 years; 52% males), were surveyed. Half the RBC units were used by patients older than 70 years. Specific diagnosis and procedures with the highest RBC use were lower limb orthopedic surgery (10.6% of all units) and gastrointestinal hemorrhage (6%). Therapeutic plasmapheresis (8.1%) and heart valve surgery (7.2%) were the procedures with the highest plasma use. Oncohematology patients accounted for 73% of transfused PLTs, more that two‐thirds being administered for hemorrhage prophylaxis. Acute hemorrhage was the most common indication for RBC and plasma transfusion. Among all blood recipients, 80% received only RBCs and 6.9% received only plasma and/or PLTs, without concomitant RBCs. The population transfusion incidence rates were 35 RBC units, three PLT doses, and 6 plasma units per 1000 population‐year. Demographic changes anticipate a 30% increase in RBC transfusion by year 2030.CONCLUSIONS: These results allow for identification of blood uses that are susceptible to improvement, help appraise the expected yield of blood safety measures, and will assist in planning the future blood supply.