bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sport imagery ability predicts trait confidence, and challenge and threat appraisal tendencies
Authors: Williams Sarah E. , Cumming Jennifer 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe present study investigated the interplay among athletes' sport imagery ability, trait confidence, and tendency to appraise situations as a challenge and threat. The potential mediating role of trait confidence was also tested. A total of 207 athletes (M age =19.44; s=1.26; 90 female, 117 male) completed the Sport Imagery Ability Questionnaire to assess ease of imaging skill, strategy, goal, affect and mastery imagery, the confidence subscale of the Competitive Trait Anxiety Inventory to measure trait confidence, and the Cognitive Appraisal Scale to assess tendencies to appraise sport situations as a challenge and as a threat. Structural equation modelling supported a model wherein mastery and goal imagery ability both positively predicted confidence, which in sequence positively predicted challenge appraisal and negatively predicted threat appraisal tendency. Partial support was found for confidence mediating the relationship between mastery imagery ability and appraisal tendencies. In addition, ease of imaging mastery and affect imagery directly predicted challenge appraisal tendency (positive direction), and ease of imaging mastery imagery directly predicted threat appraisal tendency (negative direction). Results highlight the importance of motivational imagery ability and the need to assess athletes' ability to image different content.
Hole-mediated ferromagnetic enhancement and stability in Cu-doped ZnOS alloy thin films
Authors: Li Y F , Pan H L , Yao B , Deng R , Xu Y , Li J C , Zhang L G , Zhao H F , Shen D Z , Wu T 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
We report room temperature ferromagnetism enhancement of Cu-doped ZnOS (Zn1−x
Cu
x
O1−y
S
y
) alloy thin films with high hole concentration. The Zn0.91Cu0.09O0.92S0.08 alloy thin films with a hole concentration of 4.3 × 1019 cm−3 show the strongest magnetization of 1.5μB/Cu. First-principles calculation shows that high hole concentration stabilizes the ferromagnetic ordering in the Zn1−x
Cu
x
O1−y
S
y
system, indicating a strong correlation between ferromagnetic stability and hole concentration. These results suggest that the Zn1−x
Cu
x
O1−y
S
y
alloy with high hole concentration is promising to find applications in spintronic devices.
The effects of polymer side-chain structure on roughness formation of ArF photoresist in plasma etching processes
Authors: Uesugi Takuji , Okada Takeru , Wada Akira , Kato Keisuke , Yasuda Atsushi , Maeda Shinichi , Samukawa Seiji 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Low etching resistance and roughness formation of ArF photoresist during plasma etching are serious problems. We have previously found that decisive factors affecting the plasma resistance and roughness formation in an ArF photoresist are determined by ultraviolet/vacuum ultraviolet radiation and roughness formation is dominated by chemical reactions. In this paper, on the basis of our previous findings on the interaction between radiation species from plasma and ArF photoresist polymers, we investigated the polymer structural dependence for the degradation mechanism of ArF photoresist in the plasma etching processes. The etching resistance of ArF photoresist was improved by controlling the elemental ratio of oxygen atoms and ring structures in photoresist polymer. Furthermore, lactone C=O bond is found to be a key factor for roughness formation during the etching process. We have revealed the importance of the molecular structure of ArF photoresist for improving the surface roughness and etching resistance during the plasma etching process.
Initiation mechanism of a positive streamer in pressurized carbon dioxide up to liquid and supercritical phases with nanosecond pulsed voltages
Authors: Ihara T , Furusato T , Kameda S , Kiyan T , Katsuki S , Hara M , Akiyama H 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
In this work, the initiation process of an electrical discharge in pressurized carbon dioxide up to the liquid and supercritical phases was investigated using Schlieren and photomultiplier techniques. A pulsed positive voltage with a rise time of about 40 ns and half-width of 150 ns was applied to a point-to-plane gap. The experimental results showed that the discharge started with a primary streamer consisting of a burst primary streamer and a successive primary streamer, and a back discharge followed them. It was predicted from an analysis of the experimental results that the initiation criterion of a burst primary streamer was electron multiplication on the order of 108 independent of the medium conditions. That is, a direct ionization process without bubble formation is supported as an initiation mechanism of nanosecond positive discharges in pressurized carbon dioxide. The medium state in the burst primary streamer channel was a gas or pseudo-gas of 50–200 kg m−3 density.
ArchTEx: accurate extraction and visualization of next-generation sequence data
Authors: Lai William K. M. , Bard Jonathan E. , Buck Michael J. 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Motivation: The extension of mapped sequence tags is a common step in the analysis of single-end next-generation sequencing (NGS) data from protein localization and chromatin studies. The optimal extension can vary depending on experimental and technical conditions. Improper extension of sequence tags can obscure or mislead the interpretation of NGS results. We present an algorithm, ArchTEx (Architectural Tag Extender), which identifies the optimal extension of sequence tags based on the maximum correlation between forward and reverse tags and extracts and visualizes sites of interest using the predicted extension.
Availability and implementation: ArchTEx requires Java 1.6 or newer. Source code and the compiled program are freely available at http://sourceforge.net/projects/archtex/
Contact: mjbuck@buffalo.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Breakpointer: using local mapping artifacts to support sequence breakpoint discovery from single-end reads
Authors: Sun Ruping , Love Michael I. , Zemojtel Tomasz , Emde Anne-Katrin , Chung Ho-Ryun , Vingron Martin , Haas Stefan A. 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Summary: We developed Breakpointer, a fast algorithm to locate breakpoints of structural variants (SVs) from single-end reads produced by next-generation sequencing. By taking advantage of local non-uniform read distribution and misalignments created by SVs, Breakpointer scans the alignment of single-end reads to identify regions containing potential breakpoints. The detection of such breakpoints can indicate insertions longer than the read length and SVs located in repetitve regions which might be missd by other methods. Thus, Breakpointer complements existing methods to locate SVs from single-end reads.
Availability: https://github.com/ruping/Breakpointer
Contact: ruping@molgen.mpg.de
Supplementary information: Supplementary material is available at Bioinformatics online.
A functional generalized method of moments approach for longitudinal studies with missing responses and covariate measurement error
Authors: Yi Grace Y. , Ma Yanyuan , Carroll Raymond J. 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Covariate measurement error and missing responses are typical features in longitudinal data analysis. There has been extensive research on either covariate measurement error or missing responses, but relatively little work has been done to address both simultaneously. In this paper, we propose a simple method for the marginal analysis of longitudinal data with time-varying covariates, some of which are measured with error, while the response is subject to missingness. Our method has a number of appealing properties: assumptions on the model are minimal, with none needed about the distribution of the mismeasured covariate; implementation is straightforward and its applicability is broad. We provide both theoretical justification and numerical results.
Cell death, non‐invasively assessed by intrinsic fluorescence intensity of NADH, is a predictive indicator of functional differentiation of embryonic stem cells
Authors: Buschke David G. , Squirrell Jayne M. , Fong Jimmy J. , Eliceiri Kevin W. , Ogle Brenda M. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBackground informationContinued advances in stem cell biology and stem cell transplantation rely on non‐invasive biomarkers to characterise cells and stem cell aggregates. The non‐invasive quality of such biomarkers is essential because exogenous labels, probes or reporters can unintentionally and dramatically alter stem cell state as can disruption of cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions. Here, we investigate the utility of the autofluorescent metabolite, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), as a non‐invasive, intrinsic biomarker of cell death when detected with multi‐photon optical‐based approaches. To test this possibility, cell death was induced in murine embryoid bodies (EBs) at an early stage (day 3) of differentiation using staurosporine, an ATP‐competitive kinase inhibitor of electron transport. Several hours after staurosporine treatment, EBs were stained with a single‐colour, live/dead probe. A single‐cross‐sectional plane of each EB was imaged to detect the fluorescence intensity of the live/dead probe (extrinsic fluorescence) as well as the fluorescence intensity of NADH (intrinsic fluorescence). EBs were assessed at subsequent time points (days 6–12) for the formation of beating areas as an indicator of functional differentiation.ResultsStatistical comparison indicated a strong positive correlation between extrinsic fluorescence intensity of the live/dead stain and intrinsic fluorescence of NADH, suggesting that the intensity of NADH fluorescence could be used to reliably and non‐invasively assess death of cells of EBs. Furthermore, EBs that had high levels of cell death soon after aggregate formation had limited ability to give rise to functional cardiomyocytes at later time points.ConclusionsWe demonstrate the utility of NADH fluorescence intensity as a non‐invasive indicator of cell death in stem cell aggregates when measured using multi‐photon excitation. In addition, we show that the degree of stem cell death at early stages of differentiation is predictive for the formation of functional cardiomyocytes.
Pro-tumour activity of interleukin-22 in HPAFII human pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Curd L M , Favors S E , Gregg R K 
Published: February 2012

SummaryInterleukin (IL)-22 is a cytokine involved in inflammatory and wound healing processes that is secreted primarily by T helper type 17 (Th17) cells. IL-22 receptor (IL-22R) expression is limited to epithelial cells of the digestive organs, respiratory tract and skin. Most tumours originating in these sites over-express IL-22R. Interestingly, there is an increase in Th17 frequency within the peripheral blood and tumour microenvironment of advanced cancer patients. Subsequently, IL-17 has been shown to display both pro-tumour and anti-tumour functions. Because many tumours lack expression of the IL-17 receptor, the effects of IL-17 on tumour growth are generated by cells that surround the tumour cells. Like IL-17, high levels of IL-22 have been detected in tumour tissues and the peripheral blood of cancer patients; however, the direct effect of IL-22 on tumour cells has remained largely unknown. In this report, we show that IL-22 stimulated production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-XL in IL-22R-positive HPAFII human pancreatic cancer cells. Additionally, IL-22 augmented HPAFII cell production of immunosuppressive cytokines. We show further that IL-22 activation of HPAFII cells diminished T cell production of interferon (IFN)-γ through the action of IL-10. Strikingly, we show for the first time that IL-22 can fully protect cancer cells from natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity by stimulating tumour production of IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. Our data support the idea that IL-22 may act to promote the pathogenesis of cancers rather than function in anti-tumour immunity.
A novel approach to quantify and locate potential microrefugia using topoclimate, climate stability, and isolation from the matrix
Authors: Ashcroft Michael B. , Gollan John R. , Warton David I. , Ramp Daniel 
Published: February 2012

AbstractEcologists are increasingly recognizing the conservation significance of microrefugia, but it is inherently difficult to locate these small patches with unusual climates, and hence they are also referred to as cryptic refugia. Here we introduce a new methodology to quantify and locate potential microrefugia using fine‐scale topoclimatic grids that capture extreme conditions, stable climates, and distinct differences from the surrounding matrix. We collected hourly temperature data from 150 sites in a large (200 km by 300 km) and diverse region of New South Wales, Australia, for a total of 671 days over 2 years. Sites spanned a range of habitats including coastal dune shrublands, eucalypt forests, exposed woodland ridges, sheltered rainforest gullies, upland swamps, and lowland pastures. Climate grids were interpolated using a regional regression approach based on elevation, distance to coast, canopy cover, latitude, cold‐air drainage, and topographical exposure to winds and radiation. We identified extreme temperatures on two separate climatic gradients: the 5th percentile of minimum temperatures and the 95th percentile of maximum temperatures. For each gradient, climatic stability was assessed on three different time scales (intra‐seasonal, intra‐annual and inter‐annual). Differences from the matrix were assessed using a moving window with a 5 km radius. We averaged the Z‐scores for these extreme, stable and isolated climates to identify potential locations of microrefugia. We found that our method successfully predicted the location of communities that were considered to occupy refugia, such as rainforests that have progressively contracted in distribution over the last 2.5 million years, and alpine grasslands that have contracted over the last 15 thousand years. However, the method was inherently sensitive to the gradient selected and other aspects of the modelling process. These uncertainties could be dealt with in a conservation planning context by repeating the methodology with various parameterizations and identifying areas that were consistently identified as microrefugia.
Malondialdehyde content as a potential biochemical indicator of tolerant Cenchrus ciliaris L. genotypes under heat stress treatment
Authors: Tommasino E. , Griffa S. , Grunberg K. , Ribotta A. , López Colomba E. , Carloni E. , Quiroga M. , Luna C. M. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBuffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) is an important forage grass in arid and semiarid regions. As part of a genetic improvement programme, four genotypes [Biloela (Bl), Americana (Am), Texas (Tx) and Sexual (Sx)] were categorized by tolerance to heat stress in a greenhouse experiment. At 30 d after sowing, half of the plants (control plants) were transferred to growth chambers (28°C day per night), and the other half (pre‐treated plants, Prt) were exposed to heat stress treatment (0, 24, 48 and 72 h; 45°C day per night). Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, an indicator of oxidative damage, was determined from foliar samples. During heat stress, Sx showed the earliest increase in MDA (at 24 h) followed by Tx (48 h) and Am and Bl (72 h). Results were compared with heat‐stress tolerance evaluated as morphological traits at the end of recuperation (60 d after sowing). Fresh weight and aerial plant height were lowest in the Prt‐Sx genotype and highest in Am and Bl genotypes; Tx showed intermediate tolerance. Results suggest that tolerance to heat stress in C. ciliaris genotypes could be related to the capacity for regulating the oxidative damage increase. Foliar MDA content might therefore be used in a genetic improvement programme of C. ciliaris as a potential biochemical indicator for a rapid, simple and low‐cost identification of heat‐stress tolerant genotypes.
Extranodal diffuse large B cell lymphoma of cutaneous follicle centre lymphoma type: a study of 24 patients with non‐cutaneous primary limited stage extranodal diffuse large B cell lymphoma in support of a new concept
Authors: Aigner Fabian , Korol Dimitri , Schmitt Anja Maria , Kurrer Michael Odo 
Published: February 2012

Aigner F, Korol D, Schmitt A M & Kurrer M O  (2012) Histopathology 60, 774–784Extranodal diffuse large B cell lymphoma of cutaneous follicle centre lymphoma type: a study of 24 patients with non‐cutaneous primary limited stage extranodal diffuse large B cell lymphoma in support of a new conceptAims:  Follicle centre cell lymphoma of small cell type showing either a follicular or diffuse growth pattern similar to cutaneous follicle centre lymphoma (cFCL) has been recognized in extranodal non‐cutaneous sites. Our aim was (i) to investigate whether diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of cFCL type could be identified in extranodal non‐cutaneous sites and (ii) whether clinical characteristics similar to primary cFCL could be recognized.Methods and results:  Of 24 extranodal non‐cutaneous DLBCLs, nine (38%) had large centrocytoid morphology and 15 (62%) were either ‘centrocytoid and centroblastic’ or ‘centroblastic and immunoblastic’. Six centrocytoid cases were Irf‐4 negative, Bcl‐6 positive and at most weakly CD10‐ or Bcl‐2‐positive by immunohistochemistry, consistent with DLBCL of cFCL type. All patients with cFCL type were stage IE and were significantly younger than other patients. Recurrences occurred in two patients and were exclusively extranodal.Conclusion:  Our results suggest that DLBCL of cFCL type can be identified in extranodal non‐cutaneous sites and shows clinical characteristics similar to genuine cFCL. We propose to expand the concept of cFCL to encompass large cell lymphomas in extranodal sites.
Trade‐offs between offspring fitness and future reproduction of adult female black brent
Authors: Nicolai Christopher A. , Sedinger James S. 
Published: February 2012

Summary1. Successful reproduction requires numerous decisions, and some of which may require trade‐offs between current and future reproduction. We studied effects of choice of foraging patches on gosling growth and future breeding by mothers in black brent (Branta bernicla nigricans) geese.2. Specific foraging areas consistently produced high‐quality goslings over 21 years. We found a consistent ranking of gosling mass, corrected for age, across brood rearing areas (BRAs) and years [Akaike model weights, Σwi = 1·00 for models including additive effects of BRA and year]. Growth of goslings largely determines their future fitness, so areas where goslings grew most rapidly also produced goslings with the highest mean fitness.3. We used a multistate robust design capture–mark–recapture approach to estimate the probability of transitioning from a breeding state to a non‐breeding (unobservable) state as a function of quality of BRA.4. In the best supported model, transition from a breeding state to a non‐breeding state was positively related to gosling growth rates across BRAs. Thus, future reproduction was lower for females using BRAs that produced higher‐quality goslings. Our results are consistent with trade‐offs by individual brent between fitness of their current offspring and their own reproductive value.
The effectiveness of a standardised preoperative preparation in reducing child and parent anxiety: a single‐blind randomised controlled trial
Authors: Fincher Wendy , Shaw Jane , Ramelet Anne‐Sylvie 
Published: February 2012

Aims.  To evaluate the effect of a structured preoperative preparation on child and parent state anxiety, child behavioural change and parent satisfaction.Background.  It is estimated that around 50–70% of hospitalised children experience severe anxiety and distress prior to surgery. Children who are highly anxious and distressed preoperatively are likely to be distressed on awakening and have negative postoperative behaviour. Although education before surgery has been found to be useful mostly in North America, the effectiveness of preoperative preparation programme adapted to the Australian context remains to be tested.Design.  This single‐blind randomised controlled study was conducted at a tertiary referral hospital for children in Western Australia.Methods.  Following ethics approval and parental consent, 73 children and one of their carers (usually a parent) were randomly assigned into two groups. The control group had standard practice with no specific preoperative education and the experimental group received a preoperative preparation, including a photo file, demonstration of equipment using a role‐modelling approach and a tour.Results.  The preoperative preparation reduced parent state anxiety significantly (−2·32, CI −4·06 to −0·56, p = 0·009), but not child anxiety (−0·59, CI −1·23 to 0·06, p = 0·07). There was no significant difference in child postoperative behaviour or parent satisfaction between the groups. There was a significant two‐point pain score reduction in the preoperative preparation group, when compared with the control group median 2 (IQR 5) and 4 (IQR 4), respectively (p = 0·001).Conclusions.  Preoperative preparation was more efficient on parent than child. Although the preoperative preparation had limited effect on child anxiety, it permitted to decrease pain experience in the postoperative period.Relevance to clinical practice.  Parents should be actively involved in their child preoperative preparation.
Upregulation of mucosal 5‐HT3 receptors is involved in restoration of colonic transit after pelvic nerve transection
Authors: Gribovskaja‐Rupp I. , Takahashi T. , Ridolfi T. , Kosinski L. , Ludwig K. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBackground  Colonic dysfunction occurs after pelvic autonomic nerve damage. The enteric nervous system can compensate. We investigated the role of mucosal serotonin receptors, 5‐HT3 and 5‐HT4, in the colonic motility restoration over 2 weeks after parasympathetic pelvic nerve transection in a rat model.Methods  Male Sprague‐Dawley rats underwent pelvic nerve transection or sham operation. Colonic transit was expressed as the geometric center of 51Cr distribution. Mucosal 5‐HT3 and 5‐HT4 receptor expression was evaluated by Western blot. Intraluminal pressure increase was measured after 5‐HT3 (ondansetron) or 5‐HT4 receptor antagonist (GR125487) administration in vitro in sham and denervated distal colons.Key Results  At 2 weeks, colonic transit in the denervated group was 30% slower compared to the sham group (P < 0.01). At 1 and 2 weeks, 5‐HT3 receptor expression was increased two‐fold in the denervated group, compared to shams (P < 0.05). A three‐fold smaller dose of ondansetron was required in denervated tissues to inhibit intraluminal pressure rise than in sham colons (P < 0.01). There was no difference in the expression of 5‐HT4 receptor or the response to GR125487 in denervated vs sham colons.Conclusions & Inferences  Colonic motility was restored to approximately 70% normal over 1 week without further improvement at 2 weeks. Enteric nervous system compensated by upregulating mucosal 5‐HT3, but not 5‐HT4, receptors.