bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-, Informal and Formal Care: Partnerships in Community-Based and Residential Long-Term Care Settings
Authors: Penning Margaret J. , Keating Norah C. 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉUn accent croissant est mis sur le besoin de regrouper les efforts des personnes âgées, de leur famille et des fournisseurs de services constitués dans un contexte de collaboration ou de partenariat en ce qui a trait aux soins de longue durée, que ce soit en établissement ou dans la communauté. Il est donc nécessaire d'établir de quelle façon ces relations sont actuellement structurées. L'auteur procède à un examen systématique des résultats des études réalisées entre 1985 et 1998 sur les relations entourant les soins personnels, l'assistance formelle et l'assistance informelle dans ces deux environnements. Les résultats tendent à démontrer que les soins formels ne viennent pas remplacer les services informels mais qu'ils sont plutôt utilisés en supplément ou en complément des soins assurés par le réseau informel, et ce tant en établissement que dans la collectivité. La structure exacte de ces partenariats et la relation entre les soins personnels et les soins assurés par les systèmes formels ou non apparaissent moins clairs. Les résultats montrent qu'il faut recentrer l'attention sur des préoccupations plus larges de soutien des partenariats déjà en place plutôt que sur la création de partenariats et la protection contre les substitutions inutiles.
Care Delivery Approaches and Seniors' Independence
Authors: McWilliam Carol L. , Diehl-Jones William L. , Jutai Jeffrey , Tadrissi Saeed 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉStimuler l'autonomie chez les gens de plus de 65 ans, dont plus de 80 pour cent éprouvent des troubles médicaux, constitue un défi de taille pour le personnel des politiques, les planificateurs de programme et les prestateurs de services, qui doivent prendre en considération les aspects physiques, sociaux et psychologiques de l'autonomie. Cet article présente une analyse bibliographique systématique et une synthèse rigoureuse de 65 rapports de recherche détaillés sélectionnés à partir de 238 études publicées sur les approches de soins favorisant la promotion de l'autonomie des personnes àgées. Cet article témoigne en faveur des programmes d'exercices et de promotion de la santé pour toutes les personnes âgées, ainsi que de la gestion à domicile des soins de santé et des programmes de prévention des chutes pour les aîné(e)s frêles. De plus, les conclusions soulignent l'importance d'accorder plus d'attention aux politiques sur les appareils accessoires fonctionnels et le besoin d'avoir plus de recherches sur l'efficacité des programmes de santé publique, sur les stratégies de promotion de soins médicaux préventifs et sur les facteurs psychosociaux qui influent sur l'auto-efficacité des personnes âgées.
Prescription Drug Use and Seniors
Authors: Tamblyn Robyn , Perreault Robert 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉL'augmentation des dépenses de médicaments a placé les aîné(e)s sous les feux de la réforme de santé puisqu'ils en sont les plus grands consommateurs. On pourrait apporter des modifications substantielles à la consommation de médicaments presents, ce qui rehausserait les bienfaits des traitements et en minimiserait les effets négatifs, surtout chez les aîné(e)s. On documente ici un bon nombre de problèmes, notamment la surconsommation et la sous-consommation des médicaments, les erreurs d'ordonnances, la conformité au traitement et les médicaments inutilement coûteux. On a démontré l'efficacité de certaines éléments à l'égard de certains aspects du problème; qu'on cite simplement les politiques reliées au système de soins de santé, les interventions de certains médecins et de pharmaciens d'hôpitaux, les aides à la prise de dècisions et à la conformité aux traitements. Il faut mettre en place l'intégration des principales politiques et des interventions en une solution globale visant une meilleure utilisation des médicaments. Elle pourrait se composer des éléments suivants: (1) la révision des politiques de relations entre l'industrie pharmacologique et le secteur de la santé; (2) l'établissement de règlements d'expérimentation des médicaments chez les aînés avant leur approbation; (3) un institut du consommateur servant de ressource centrale objective aux demandes de renseignements des patients et de système d'appui aux décisions; (4) des systèmes intégrés d'information clinique à l'appui des systèmes de gestion des ordonnances et de la fourniture des médicaments et de la gestion des médicaments et des maladies à l'intention des pharmaciens et des médecins de premier recours; (5) une réforme de la formation médicale et de l'octroi des permis.
L'usage des contentions en milieu d'hébergement pour les personnes âgées
Authors: Roberge Roger , Beauséjour René 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉUne enquête québécoise portant sur 2372 bénéficiairés hèbergès en Centre Hospitalier (Chronic Care) de soins de longue durée (C.H.S.LD.) et Centre d'Accueil et d'Hébergement (C.A.H.) (Nursing Home), confirme des taux respectifs de 88% et 31 % d'utilisation de contentions. Il existe des différences importantes entre les deux catégories d'établissements, considérant le pourcentage d'utilisation et les modéles employés. De plus l'utilisation de méthodes coerctives est investiguée dans un Centre Hospitalier de soins de courte durée (C.H.S.C.D.) chez les patients de 65 ans et plus, et leur usage semble répandue. L'usage de contentions se fait couramment, sans ordonnance médicale écrite au dossier.
Dépression, anxiété et bien-être suite aux différentes périodes de deuil chez les personnes âgeés
Authors: Vézina Jean , Bourque Paul , Bélanger Yvon 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉCinquante-neuf personnes âgées en deuil du conjoint et vingt mariées ont répondu à un ensemble de questionnaires portant sur la dépression, l'anxiété et le bien-être. Les personnes âgées en deuil furent divisées en trois groupes en tenant compte du temps écoulé depuis le décès. Il ressort des résultats que les personnes en deuil sont plus dépressives, anxieuses et avec un niveau de bien-être inférieur comparé aux personnes âgées mariées; que les réactions sont encore présentes après plusieurs mois de deuil mais que les personnes âgées ne réagissent pas toutes aussi négativement à la perte du conjoint. Il est suggéré de poursuivre les études surtout longitudinales sur ce sujet.
Encoding Strategies and Recall Performance of a Complex Figure by Normal Elderly Subjects
Authors: Ska Bernadette , Nespoulous Jean-Luc 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis study included 150 subjects aged between 20 and 84, divided into 5 age groups. Analysis of their reproduction and immediate recall work of Rey's complex figure suggested that a) the encoding strategy used during the reproduction phase of this complex figure was not characteristic of a given age, b) elderly subjects reproduced less during the encoding phase and retrieved fewer elements during the recall phase, c) until the age of 74, there was a relationship between the encoding strategy and performance in recall; however, in our subjects aged over 75, memory problems developed differently and the relationship between the encoding strategy and the results in recall became insignificant.
Familial Support of the Elderly in a Rural Mennonite Community
Authors: Bond John B. , Harvey Carol D.H. , Hildebrand Elizabeth A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWith an increasing number of persons entering old age and having longer life expectancies, there has been a consequent alteration of family dynamics, such that middle aged individuals frequently provide support to their older parents. At the same time, the middle aged person is often in the midst of raising his or her own children, attending to personal aspirations, and enacting the role of spouse.This study investigated support from middle aged offspring to elderly parents in a rural Mennonite community. Information on the expectation for and consequences of support to parents was gathered from pastors and middle aged family members in two Mennonite conferences, as well as from a Lutheran sample with a similar historical background.Pastoral interviews showed no differences in doctrinal beliefs regarding familial care of parents, although the institutional church responses varied. Middle aged offspring in the Lutheran congregation reported less involvement in religious practice than did members of either Mennonite congregation. Burden of caring for elderly parents felt by middle aged people showed no statistically significant differences between congregations; however, greater reported religiosity was associated with lesser burden.
The Relationship Between Performance on the Multi-Focus Assessment Scale and Functional Status
Authors: Tuokko H. , Crockett D. , Holliday S. , Coval M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis study examined the discriminant validity of the Multi-focus Assessment Scale (MAS). The MAS was administered to three groups of older adults varying in ability to live independently: Extended Care in-patients; Assessment Clinic out-patients; and independently functioning elderly. Analysis of variance showed strong group differences on all of the scales. Discriminant function analysis indicated that the MAS variables predicted group membership with a high degree of accuracy. Replications using random samples indicated the accuracy rates were stable. It was argued that cases of misclassification were largely due to overlap between subgroups of Extended Care and Assessment Clinic patients in terms of their capacity to engage in independent functioning. Also addressed in this study was the identification of variables on the MAS critical to independent functioning. The results indicated that there was a general lowering of functioning rather than specific patterns of preserved strengths or deficits. This was consistent with the presence of a general factor. The need for additional normative data for the MAS was discussed.
Aging and Health Care: A Social Perspective. Neena L. Chappell, Laurel A. Strain, and Audrey A. Blandford. Toronto: Holt, Rinehart and Winston of Canada, 1986. 215 pages, $15.95
Authors: Rakowski William 
Published: November 2010

SUMMARYAging and Health Care: A Social Perspective gives the reader a straightforward presentation of information. Users of Aging and Health Care can feel confident that they are receiving accurate information, presented with readable style and clarity. The purpose of the book (as outlined in the Preface) is to integrate social elements of aging, with a discussion of health and the health care system, in the light of an aging society. Overall, the book seems to succeed in achieving its fundamental objectives. Any critique I would have of the book is based largely on what is not said. Many readers are likely to feel that Aging and Health Care is a “no frills” text. A broad range of topics are presented, but many could be afforded extra space for expanded emphasis. The prospective audience for Aging and Health Care should therefore be evaluated carefully. Instructors can use it as a basic reading for courses in social gerontology, but should also be prepared to supplement the chapters during class sessions. However, for the reader who desires an easy-to-follow introduction to gerontology, with the objective of identifying some areas of personal interest for subsequent in-depth follow-up, Aging and Health Care should be very appropriate and helpful.
Assisted Housing for Ontario's Rural Elderly: Shortfalls in Product and Location
Authors: Hodge Gerald 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTProgrammes for publicly assisted housing for senior citizens are making it increasingly possible for the elderly to reside in towns and villages. A study of senior citizen apartment projects in nine small Ontario Towns appraises the quality of housing being produced. Many shortfalls in design and construction are revealed along with out-of-the-way locations for projects. Deficiencies are not easily rectified and responsibility impossible to assign.
Differences Between Adjustment to and Enjoyment of Retirement
Authors: MacLean Michael J. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTMost research on psychological reactions to retirement considers adjustment as the main dependent variable. This paper suggests that enjoyment of retirement may be another psychological reaction to this phase of life. Differences between adjustment to and enjoyment of retirement for a sample of retired professional men are explored with respect to different phases of retirement. It was found that these two dependent variables are related but somewhat different reactions to retirement. Two independent variables, attitudes toward retirement and family interaction, contribute to both adjustment to and enjoyment of retirement. However, income was a significant predictor of adjustment whereas personality was a significant independent variable for the prediction of enjoyment of retirement. These results suggest that further research should consider other dependent variables in attempting to understand the psychological complexities related to the retirement role.
Who Benefits from Adult Day Care: Changes in Functional Ability and Mental Functioning during Attendance
Authors: Chappell Neena L. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThis paper examines changes in functional ability and mental functioning among participants (aged 50 and over) of Adult Day Care programs in Manitoba, Canada. It compares those who improve, remain stable, and deteriorate on each of these two dimensions in terms of their condition at time 1, a host of demographic factors, subjective and social factors, characteristics of their participation in the program, and diseases as coded from their medical claims records. In doing so it explores whether or not it is possible to identify who will benefit while in the program. The results provide only a potential answer to the question, but do suggest that the ADC program is performing an important social function which is related to improved functional ability, especially among those living alone and with fewer relatives. For mental health, the findings suggest the program works in conjunction with the existing marital relationship, benefiting most those still married. Research efforts are ongoing.
A Study of Patterns of Dying in a Multilevel Geriatric Setting
Authors: Brown Isabel 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTA retrospective study was conducted in a large multilevel geriatric centre to analyse the deaths reported in the year 1981. This centre provides accommodation for 750 elderly and/or chronically ill persons in three agencies—an apartment complex, a home for the aged, and a long-term care hospital The study revealed that the hospital is the place of death for a high proportion of the elderly residents of the centre. In particular, residents of the home for the aged are unlikely to remain in the “home” to die. It was found that patterns of death and dying for individuals admitted to the hospital from the general community differ in several ways from the patterns of those who are already living in the centre in terms of age and probable cause of death.
The Service Needs of Older People: Implications for Public Policy
Authors: Connidis Ingrid 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTIn this paper the service needs of community-dwelling older persons are examined. Based on the responses from a random sample of 400 residents aged 65 and over, it is found that just over 9 percent of this population is currently using or in need of community services. Thus, the vast majority of older persons are managing without the aid of formal support services. The importance of the seemingly modest proportion of older persons requiring services is discussed. The consequences for public policy of anticipated constraints on family and women as service providers in the future are emphasized.
The Value of Routine Thyroid Function Tests on Patients Referred to a Geriatric Service
Authors: Patterson Christopher , Turpie Irene D. , Muckle T. J. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTRoutine thyroid function tests have been advocated for the geriatric population, as the clinical presentation both of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism may be atypical. Results are presented on the prevalence of dysthyroidism in patients referred to a geriatric service (2% hypothyroidism and 2% hyperthyroidism) and an attempt is made to distinguish between those suspected (hyperthyroid 6 cases, hypothyroid 11 cases) and those unsuspected on clinical grounds (hyperthyroid 4 cases, hypothyroid 7 cases). Outcome of treatment is examined and the cost of detecting one unsuspected but treatable case of hypothyroidism in this referred geriatric population is estimated at 1,000 to 2,653 1984 Canadian dollars.
Obligations for Care: Beliefs in a Small Canadian Town
Authors: Storm Christine , Storm Thomas , Strike-Schurman Janet 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTA combined questionnaire and interview procedure was used to explore the perceptions and obligations to assist a frail old person with physical care, financial aid, and psychological support. Subjects for the interview were 80 women aged 18–25, 30–45, 50–65, and 65–85 years, all residents of a small town in Maritime Canada. The questionnaire was omitted in the case of the oldest group. The results showed that children were perceived to have a strong obligation to assist, substantially reduced, however, by circumstances such as geographical distance or financial exigency. The obligation of government was also strong for all but psychological needs. Siblings, friends, and the church were perceived to be common sources of assistance, particularly psychological, but with significantly less moral obligation compared to other sources. Differences between age groups were small. The interviews, however, showed the youngest group to be less realistic and more absolute about children's responsibilities for old people than were old people for themselves. Similarly, the oldest subjects were more likely than younger subjects to stress the responsibility of the old person for his/her own welfare.
Family Care of the Elderly: Underlying Assumptions and their Consequences
Authors: Aronson Jane 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThrough a review of the literature, this article explores the debate between the traditional perspective that conceives it as natural that families take care of their elderly members when frail or in need and an emerging critique of this view. The critique exposes the invisible divisions of caring work between men and women and between public and private arenas, and challenges the comfortable imagery of ‘family care.’ The implications of this analysis for the future are considered, both for constructive changes in social policies and for the reformulation of assumptions on which research and practice with the frail elderly and their families are based.
Les Strategies D'Adaptation des Personnes Agees aux Prises avec des Sentiments Depressifs
Authors: Cappeliez Philippe , Blanchet Diane 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAs an initial step in the improvement of interventions for the depressed elderly, the present study attempts to identify the strategies they spontaneously use to cope with depressive feelings. Fifty two older persons answered two questionnaires, one measuring the intensity of depressive symptomatology, the other dealing with coping strategies and their usefulness. Results suggest that, as a whole, coping strategies used by the elderly do not fundamentally differ from the ones advocated by younger individuals, in that they favor strategies involving goal-oriented action. The subjects who reported the most depressive feelings differed from the others on two points: they less frequently relied on the strategy of problem solving and they considered general activity as less useful in their struggle against depressive feelings. Implications for the development of services for the elderly, in particular the secondary prevention of depression, are drawn.
Educational Gerontology: International Perspectives. Frank Glendenning (Ed.). New York: St. Martin's Press, 1985, pp. 240. ($25.00 U.S.)
Authors: Gillin C.T. 
Published: November 2010

Summary AbstractThe book identifies the three distinct but related aspects of Educational Gerontology, specifically, educational opportunities for older people, education about aging for the general population, and education of professionals and para-professionals who work with the elderly. The first aspect, education for older people—including pre-retirement preparation—is emphasized. The volume has an international character with contributions from Britain, the United States, Denmark and Canada.
Geochemical Risk Factors for Mental Functioning, Based on the Ontario Longitudinal Study of Aging (LSA) IV. The Role of Silicon-Containing Compounds
Authors: Forbes W. F. , Agwani N. , Lachmaniuk P. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractFollowing previous studies on the associations between aluminium (Al) water concentrations and relatively high risks of a measure of mental impairment, the role of silica (SiO2) as a possible confounding variable is investigated. The bivariate associations show that the lowest odds, representing an approximation of relative risks, are observed at “mild” SiO2concentrations. Multivariate analyses indicate that, if interaction terms are included, the odds comparing higher and lower SiO2concentrations are different than if an interaction term is not included. There are also indications that at relatively high Al levels, high SiO2concentrations lower the odds, consistent with previous suggestions by Birchall. The implication is that when investigating the role of Al in the etiology of various measures of mental impairment, it is important to consider the effects of other water constituents, and also the different chemical forms of Al present in treated water. The desirability of additional work is stressed, preferably using more definitive outcomes than indications of mental impairment.
The Medical Administrative Role of Medical Directors and Advisory Physicians in Ontario Nursing Homes and Homes for the Aged
Authors: Charles Cathy , Mohide E. Ann , Neimanis Marguerite 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA self-administered mailed questionnaire was sent to a stratified random sample of medical administrators in Ontario homes for the aged (HFAs) and nursing homes (NHs) in 1991 in order to explore the types and extent of medical-administrative activities undertaken by these physicians, and their perceptions of skills, attitudes and knowledge that were important in carrying out their roles. Three key findings emerged from the survey. First, considerable variation exists in the extent of medical administrative activities undertaken within each of the two facility types and, in some cases, across the two facility types. Second, there were few activities which ≥75 per cent of medical administrators reported undertaking on all occasions and many activities which ≥25 per cent of physicians reported not undertaking on any occasion. Third, in general, medical administrators did not express values congruent with adoption of a broader management role in facility administration, financing, and planning activities. Research and policy implications for the evolving role of medical administrators in NHs and HFAs are discussed.