bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective comparative study of Miniperc and standard PNL for treatment of 1 to 2 cm size renal stone
Authors: Mishra Shashikant , Sharma Rajan , Garg Chandrapraksh , Kurien Abraham , Sabnis Ravindra , Desai Mahesh 
Published: April 2011

Study Type – Therapy (case series)Level of Evidence 4What’s known on the subject? and What does the study add?Standard PNL is known to have higher clearance rates for stones 1–2 cm. However, it is not promoted because of its associated morbidity, especially bleeding. Minitiarization of the PNL has spawned a new interest in this modality for treating small bulk urolithiasis.The study adds to a growing body of evidence in a prospective manner that smaller tract PNL “miniperc” is associated with a similiar efficacy of achieving stone‐clearance rates while decreasing the invasiveness of the procedure and associated morbidity.OBJECTIVE• To evaluate the results of miniperc vis‐à‐vis standard PNL in the treatment of stones of 1–2 cm in size. Miniperc may represent a reasonable procedure in patients with nonbulky urolithiasis offering a similar outcome as standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) with advantage of reduced morbidity.PATIENTS AND METHODS• 55 procedures including 27 miniperc and 28 standard PNL were performed for renal stones 1–2 cm in size. Pediatric patient, active urinary tract infection, renal malformation, uncorrected coagulopathy and morbid obesity patients were excluded from the study.• The parameters studied were demography, operative time, postoperative analgesic requirement, hemoglobin drop, complications and stone clearance.RESULTS• Mean tract size was 18.2 ± 2 F (15–20) and 26.8 ± 2 F (24–30), P value <0.0001 in the miniperc and standard PNL, respectively. Holmium LASER and pneumatic lithotripter were the main energy sources used in miniperc and standard PNL, respectively.• Miniperc operative time was longer than that of standard PNL (45.2 ± 12.6 vs 31 ± 16.6 min, P= 0.0008 respectively).• Conversely, there was an advantage of miniperc over standard PNL in terms of a significantly reduced hemoglobin drop (0.8 ± 0.9 vs 1.3 ± 0.4 gram%, P= 0.01), analgesic requirement (55.4 ± 50 vs 70.2 ± 52 mg tramadol, P= 0.29) and hospital stay (3.2 ± 0.8 vs 4.8 ± 0.6 days, P≤ 0.001), respectively.• Intra‐ operative conversion of the procedure into a tubeless PNL was significantly more in the miniperc group (P≤ 0.001). The miniperc and standard PNL group had clearance rates of 96% and 100%, respectively at 1 month follow up.CONCLUSIONS• This study demonstrated significant advantages of the miniperc procedure in terms of reduced bleeding leading to a tubeless procedure and reduced hospital stay.• The stone free rates and the complications were similar in either group.
Fertility life table parameters of different strains ofTrichogrammaspp. collected from eggs of the carob mothEctomyelois ceratoniae
Authors: POORJAVAD Nafiseh , GOLDANSAZ Seyed H. , HOSSEININAVEH Vahid , NOZARI Jamasb , DEHGHANIY Hossein , ENKEGAARD Annie 
Published: April 2011

AbstractFertility life table parameters were assessed for five populations (strains) of twoTrichogrammaspecies,T. embryophagumHartig andT. principiumSugonyaev & Sorokina, collected from eggs of the carob mothEctomyelois ceratoniae(Zeller) in Iranian pomegranate orchards. Four combinations of two constant temperatures (25°C, 30°C) and two relative humidity levels (50% RH, 70% RH) were used. The overall intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) was significantly decreased with decreased relative humidity but was uninfluenced by temperature. The highest and lowestrmvalues were observed inT. embryophagumfrom Qum (0.34 ± 0.004) andT. embryophagumfrom Varamin (0.13 ± 0.01), respectively. Two‐way interaction analyses revealed that the strains had significantly different responses in theirrmvalues at different temperatures and relative humidities. In general,rmvalues were significantly higher at 25°C and 70% RH than at 30°C and 50% RH. The Qum strain ofT. embryophagumwas the most promising candidate to be considered as a biocontrol agent againstE. ceratoniaedue to its high reproductive rate (0.27 ± 0.01) at conditions (30°C and 50% RH) similar to the actual climatic conditions in Iranian pomegranate orchards during the major part of the growing season.
Panoramic Images versus Three‐Dimensional Planning Software for Oral Implant Planning in Atrophied Posterior Maxillary: A Clinical Radiological Study
Authors: Fortin Thomas , Camby Elsa , Alik Mahdi , Isidori Michel , Bouchet Hervé 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTPurpose: The objectives of this radiographic study were to determine to what degree the available residual bone area for implant placement was underestimated on panoramic radiographs (by comparison with multislice computed tomography CT/cone beam CT images combined with planning software) and to what degree the rate of severely resorbed posterior maxillae requiring sinus lift was overestimated on panoramic radiographs (by comparison with planning software in combination with strategic implant placement).Materials and Methods: During a 2‐year period, every patient who presented for the placement of implants in the posterior maxilla was examined by three practitioners to discuss the treatment plan. When two to three practitioners indicated a sinus lift with creation of a lateral window, a CT scan was performed and examined using dedicated three‐dimensional software by a clinician familiar with the Computer Assisted Design/ Computer Assisted Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) implant placement protocol. For each tooth to be replaced, the presence of anatomical features such as anterior or posterior wall, palatal curvature, and septa were examined in view of the placement of an 8‐mm or longer implant.Results: One hundred one patients were studied in this case series for the treatment of 135 edentulous spans accounting for 301 missing teeth. After examination of the CT data on the three‐dimensional software, 202 teeth (67.1%) could be replaced using a CAD/CAM procedure; 60.7% of the edentulous spans could be completely repaired by a crown or bridge supported by implants. In addition, 67.3% of edentulism with no teeth posterior to the span could be completely repaired using a fixed prosthesis supported by implants.Conclusion: This radiological study demonstrates that the use of a panoramic exam for oral implant planning in severely resorbed maxillae overestimates the need for a sinus augmentation procedure when compared with the use of both three‐dimensional planning software and strategic implant placement on small remaining bone volume.
Alternative Treatment Procedure in the Case of Fractured Abutment of Adhesive Bridge: A Clinical Report
Authors: ŞANAL FATMA AYŞE , GÜLER AHMET UMUT , İNAN UĞUR , ÖZDEMİR OĞUZ SÜLEYMAN 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTIn this case report, an alternative approach was presented for treatment of coronal fracture including pulp of maxillary central incisor, one of the abutments of an adhesive bridge, by using fiber post and tooth's own fractured component. The patient was referred to our clinic with the complaint of pain from the upper right central incisor and mobility of the adhesive bridge in maxillary anterior segment. It was realized that, the upper right central incisor, one of the abutments of the adhesive bridge, had been fractured at middle thirds of the crown including the pulp chamber. After dismounting the adhesive bridge and completion of the root canal treatment, a fiber post was placed into the fractured tooth. The fractured component, adherent to adhesive bridge retainer, was concorded to the fiber post. The whole structure was cemented with adhesive resin. A 1‐mm‐wide groove was made along the fracture line and restored with composite resin. The patient was evaluated clinically and radiographically at 12 and 30 months after the treatment.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEAdhesive cementation of fractured component by supporting the remaining tooth structure with a fiber post is an inexpensive and conservative treatment alternative when the fractured component is compatible with the remaining tooth structure in cases of tooth fractures including the pulp chamber at anterior segment.(J Esthet Restor Dent 23:89–96, 2011)
Effect of Different Light‐Curing Modes on Degree of Conversion, Staining Susceptibility and Stain's Retention Using Different Beverages in a Nanofilled Composite Resin
Authors: AGUIAR FLÁVIO HENRIQUE BAGGIO , GEORGETTO MATHEUS HENRIQUE , SOARES GIULLIANA PANFIGLIO , CATELAN ANDERSON , DOS SANTOS PAULO HENRIQUE , AMBROSANO GLAUCIA MARIA BOVI , FIGUEROBA SIDNEY RAIMUNDO , LOVADINO JOSÉ ROBERTO 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTStatement of Problem:  It is unknown whether the staining pigment concentration would affect the color of composite resin and whether the absorption of the staining pigment is related to the degree of conversion (DC).Purpose:  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of light‐curing units (LCUs) on DC, superficial staining (ΔE), and pigment concentration (PC) in a nanofilled composite resin (Z350, 3M ESPE) using different beverages.Materials and Methods:  Specimens were polymerized for 20 seconds using four LCUs (N = 50): quartz–tungsten–halogen (QTH)—450 mW/cm2; laser (LAS)—300 mW/cm2; second‐generation light‐emitting diode (LED)—1100 mW/cm2; and third generation LED—700 mW/cm2. DC (%) was measured using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Specimens concerning each group (N = 10) were then immersed in one of the solutions (distilled water, red wine, whisky, coffee, and cola—40 min/day, for 40 days). Specimen's color was measured before and after exposure to solutions using a colorimeter (Commission Internacionale de I'Eclairaga L*a*b* color scale), and ΔE was calculated. Specimens were then prepared for the spectrophotometric analysis to measure PC. Data were submitted to two‐way analysis of variance and Tukey's test (p = 0.05).Results:  DC: QTH presented the lowest DC, with statistical differences for LAS, LED 2, and LED 3. Whisky and wine showed lower PC mean values than cola and coffee. No statistical difference was observed for LCUs regarding PC and all staining solutions, except cola. Whisky showed the highest values for ΔE regarding all LCUs. Wine showed statistically lower ΔE than whisky, with water presenting the lowest ΔE. LAS and QTH showed higher values than LED 2 concerning ΔE.Conclusion:  LCUs interfered with DC and altered the PC and ΔE of the composite resin submitted to different staining solutions. There was no correlation among DC, PC, and ΔE.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCELight‐curing modes might interfere with staining susceptibility, stain's retention, and DC of a composite resin, compromising the clinical performance. The highest pigment absorption was not associated with the highest superficial staining of the composite resin. Alcoholic drinks lead to greater superficial staining and non‐alcoholic solutions lead to a higher pigment concentration.(J Esthet Restor Dent 23:106–115, 2011)
Female Sexual Dysfunction in Patients Treated with Antidepressant—Comparison Between Escitalopram and Fluoxetine
Authors: Sidi Hatta , Asmidar Duni , Hod Rozita , Guan Ng Chong 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor is one of the most widely used antidepressant and commonly associated with female sexual dysfunction (FSD).

Aims
This study compares the prevalence of FSD between patients on escitalopram and fluoxetine. The risk factors for FSD were also examined.

Methods
A cross-sectional study involved 112 female depressed patients (56 each group) who were in remission (as defined in the fourth edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [DSM-IV] during the past 2 months with no significant signs or symptoms of the disturbance and Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale score of ≤10) from the psychiatric clinic in a university hospital. The rates of sexual dysfunction between the two groups were compared.

Main Outcome Measures
The subjects were interviewed by using Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. Sexual dysfunction was assessed with the Malay Version of the Female Sexual Function Index.

Results
The prevalence of FSD was 44.6% for all patients, 55.4% for the fluoxetine group, and 33.9% for the escitalopram group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed no significant difference in the risk of FSD between the two groups. Moderate to high dosing was the only significant associated factor for FSD (odds ratio = 4.89, 95% confidence interval = 1.94–12.33).

Conclusion
There was no significant difference in the risk of having FSD between patients treated with fluoxetine or escitalopram. Patients on higher dosage of antidepressant have higher risk of having FSD.
Sexual Dysfunction Risk and Associated Factors in Young Peruvian University Women
Authors: Escajadillo-Vargas Nataly , Mezones-Holguín Edward , Castro-Castro Julio , Córdova-Marcelo Wilder , Blümel Juan E. , Pérez-López Faustino R. , Chedraui Peter 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Information regarding sexual dysfunction risk among young Latin American women is limited.

Aim
Assess female sexual dysfunction (FSD) risk and associated factors in young Peruvian university women.

Methods
This was a nested case-control study, using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Cases were defined as women with total FSFI scores at or below 26.55 (increased FSD risk). Demographic characteristics, gynecologic aspects, body mass index, mood disorders, substance abuse, and issues related to the couple, were also evaluated.

Main Outcome Measures
Primary end point was assessment of FSD risk and associated factors.

Results
A total of 625 women were surveyed of which 409 (65.4%) were sexually active. The average total FSFI score was 27.2 ± 4.3. Overall, 39.9% were at higher risk for FSD. Multivariate analysis using a binary logistic regression model found that male premature ejaculation (odds ratios [OR]=2.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.27–4.77), oral emergency contraception use (OR=1.87, 95% CI: 1.04–3.38), good partner relationship (OR=0.24, 95% CI: 0.12–0.49), and length of relationship (≥3 years; OR=0.025, 95% CI: 0.013–0.05) were factors independently associated to a higher FSD risk (goodness of fit P =0.39).

Conclusion
In this young university female population, FSD risk was high and associated to male and female factors.
Characterization of Carbohydrate–Protein Matrices for Nutrient Delivery
Authors: Zhou Yankun , Roos Yrjö H. 
Published: April 2011

Abstract:  Amorphous carbohydrates may show glass transition and crystallization as a result of thermal or water plasticization. Proteins often affect the state transitions of carbohydrates in carbohydrate–protein systems. Water sorption behavior and effects of water on glass transition and crystallization in freeze‐dried lactose, trehalose, lactose–casein (3: 1), lactose–soy protein isolate (3: 1), trehalose–casein (3: 1), and trehalose–soy protein isolate (3: 1) systems were studied. Water sorption was determined gravimetrically as a function of time, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and Guggenheim–Anderson–de Boer (GAB) models were fitted to the experimental data. Glass transition temperature (Tg) and instant crystallization temperature (Tic) in anhydrous and water plasticized systems were measured using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The Gordon–Taylor equation was used to model water content dependence of the Tg values. The critical water content and water activity (aw) at 24 °C were calculated and crystallization of lactose and trehalose in the systems was followed at and above 0.54 aw. Carbohydrate–protein systems showed higher amounts of sorbed water and less rapid sugar crystallization than pure sugars. A greater sugar crystallization delay was found in carbohydrate–casein systems than in carbohydrate–soy protein isolate systems. The Tg and Tic values decreased with increasing water content and aw. However, higher Tic values for lactose–protein systems were found than for lactose at the same aw. Trehalose showed lower Tic value than lactose at 0.44 aw but no instant crystallization was measured below 0.44 aw. State diagrams for each system are useful in selecting processing parameters and storage conditions in nutrient delivery applications.Practical Application:  This study provided stability requirements as controlled by water sorption behavior of freeze‐dried carbohydrate–protein systems at room temperature and thermal behavior of these systems at a range of water contents. This information allows science‐based selection of processing parameters, storage conditions, and understanding of the physical properties of matrices used for nutrient delivery.
The effects of vigour on measures of obesity across time
Authors: Shirom Arie , Melamed Samuel , Berliner Shlomo , Shapira Itzhak 
Published: April 2011

Objectives. Past studies expected measures of obesity to be positively associated with positive affects. However, this hypothesis was not tested in reference to a specific positive affect. We tested the hypothesized unidirectional effects of measures of obesity on vigour, representing a positive affect, and of vigour on measures of obesity.Design. We used a longitudinal design, separately for men and women. Participants were 1,876 and 931 healthy men and women, respectively, examined at Time 1 (T1) and Time 2 (T2), about 2 years apart.Methods. Measures of obesity included body mass index, waist circumference, and waist‐to‐hip ratio. Vigour was assessed by the Shirom–Melamed Vigour Measure. We used structural equation modelling to test our hypotheses.Results. We found that for both genders, T1 measures of obesity did not predict either T1 or T2 vigour. Among both genders, we found support for the effects of T1 vigour on T1 but not on T2 measures of obesity.Conclusions. To the extent that the ‘Jolly fat hypothesis’ refers to the effects of measures of obesity on positive affects, we failed to support it for vigour as a positive affect. Vigour has contemporaneous but not longitudinal effects on body weight.
Projecting prevalence by stage of care for prostate cancer and estimating future health service needs: protocol for a modelling study
Authors: Yu Xue Q , Smith David P , Clements Mark S , Patel Manish I , McHugh Bill , O'Connell Dianne L 
Published: April 2011

IntroductionCurrent strategies for the management of prostate cancer are inadequate in Australia. We will, in this study, estimate current service needs and project the future needs for prostate cancer patients in Australia.Methods and analysisFirst, we will project the future prevalence of prostate cancer for 2010–2018 using data for 1972–2008 from the New South Wales (NSW) Central Cancer Registry. These projections, based on modelled incidence and survival estimates, will be estimated using PIAMOD (Prevalence, Incidence, Analysis MODel) software. Then the total prevalence will be decomposed into five stages of care: initial care, continued monitoring, recurrence, last year of life and long-term survivor. Finally, data from the NSW Prostate Cancer Care and Outcomes Study, including data on patterns of treatment and associated quality of life, will be used to estimate the type and amount of services that will be needed by prostate cancer patients in each stage of care. In addition, Central Cancer Registry episode data will be used to estimate transition rates from localised or locally advanced prostate cancer to metastatic disease. Medicare and Pharmaceutical Benefits data, linked with Prostate Cancer Care and Outcomes Study data, will be used to complement the Cancer Registry episode data. The methods developed will be applied Australia-wide to obtain national estimates of the future prevalence of prostate cancer for different stages of clinical care.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the NSW Population and Health Services Research Ethics Committee. Results of the study will be disseminated widely to different interest groups and organisations through a report, conference presentations and peer-reviewed articles.
Deicing salt scaling resistance of concrete incorporating fly ash and (or) silica fume: laboratory and field sidewalk test data
Authors: Bouzoubaâ N. , Bilodeau A. , Fournier B. , Hooton R.D. , Gagné R. , Jolin M. 
Published: April 2011

Sidewalk sections were cast in fall 2002 with three concrete mixtures that consisted of a control concrete, a concrete mixture incorporating 25% fly ash, and a concrete mixture made with a ternary blended cement (fly ash and silica fume). The curing practices consisted of using curing compound and wet burlap. For each of the sidewalk sections, laboratory specimens were cast on site using the concrete from the same batch. Large slabs (1.2 m × 0.9 m) were also cast from which specimens could be cored and tested in the laboratory for compressive strength and deicing salt scaling resistance following the ASTM and the BNQ test procedures. The results were compared to the performance of the sidewalk sections after six winters of outdoor exposure. A similar study was completed on sidewalk sections cast in spring 2002; the objective of the present study being to confirm the results of the previous investigation, and to determine the effect of the time of casting on the scaling resistance of the concrete i.e., performance of sidewalks cast in spring versus that of sidewalks cast in fall. The field evaluation showed that all the concretes cast in fall scaled relatively more than those placed in spring. Both laboratory results and field evaluations have shown that the use of a curing compound increases the scaling resistance of all the concretes investigated. The results also confirmed the adequateness of the BNQ procedure to better evaluate the deicing salt scaling resistance of concrete made with supplementary cementing materials; however, monitoring the sidewalk sections for a longer period of time is still required to confirm the above observations.
Connectivity among populations of pygmy whitefish (Prosopium coulterii) in northwestern North America inferred from microsatellite DNA analyses
Authors: Taylor E.B. , Gow J.L. , Witt J. , Zemlak R. 
Published: April 2011

We studied microsatellite DNA variation in 15 populations of northwestern North American pygmy whitefish ( Prosopium coulterii (Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1892)), an enigmatic freshwater fish thought to be highly fragmented by residency in deep, cold postglacial lakes. Population subdivision (θ) across 10 loci was 0.12 (P < 0.001) across samples, but one western Alaskan population was more divergent than all others (θ = 0.31–0.41, P < 0.001). Within the Williston Reservoir watershed (WRW), θ averaged 0.08 (P < 0.001) and was positively associated with both the geographic distance between localities (r2= 0.36, P < 0.001) and the number of branch points interconnecting them (r2= 0.33, P < 0.001). Differentiation among populations was modeled as the sum of the genetic distances for the stream sections interconnecting them (r2= 0.74). Differences among subwatersheds with the WRW accounted for 5.1% of the total variation in allele frequencies (P < 0.001). Assignment tests suggested limited movement among lakes, with most inferred dispersal between adjacent watersheds. Coalescent analysis strongly supported a gene flow–drift equilibrium model of population structure over a drift-only model. Effective management of diversity in pygmy whitefish requires the maintenance of stream networks that interconnect lakes within a watershed.