bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rotation and radial electric field in the plasma edge with resonant magnetic perturbation at TEXTOR
Authors: Coenen J.W. , Schmitz O. , Unterberg B. , Clever M. , Jakubowski M.A. , Samm U. , Schweer B. , Stoschus H. , Tokar M. 
Published: May 2011

In this paper the results of a systematic experimental assessment of the plasma edge rotation and radial electric field with application of resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) are presented. The results are based on the radially resolved measurement of the poloidal (v
pol) and toroidal (v
tor) rotation. It is shown that the radial electric field E

r
can be deduced from the radial force balance when small amplitude resonant magnetic perturbations are applied to the plasma boundary (B

r
/B
tor ∼ 10−4).
Both v
pol and v
tor spin-up in the ion-diamagnetic-drift and co-current direction, respectively, with increasing external perturbation field (Δv
pol ∼ 15 km s−1, Δv
tor ∼ 2–5 km s−1) yielding an increase in E

r
by ΔE

r,max = 9 kV m−1. The toroidal rotation increases over the whole radius while the poloidal rotation shows distinct local features driving the evolution of the E

r
-profiles. Depending on the edge safety factor a local (at the q = 5/2 rational surface) increase in the shear rate Ω

E
×
B

(ΔΩ
q=5/2 = 1.4 × 105 s−1) or reduced shearing can occur. Increased shearing is correlated with an improved particle confinement with an increase in the particle confinement time by Δτp = +40%. Increasing the local resonant amplitude by 30% induces a reduced density level, the so-called RMP induced pump-out. At this confinement stage the shear rate decreases by 15% correlated with a significant drop in particle confinement (Δτp = −30%).
Field line tracing in the vacuum approximation gives indications towards explaining the threshold behaviour connecting the shearing rate, confinement stages and magnetic topology to the amount of applied RMP. However, this basic approach does not account for plasma response and the results presented are linked in the discussion section to recent results on the link between rotation and plasma response as well as on the transport features of RMP.
Investigation of positive electrode materials based on MnO2 for lithium batteries
Authors: Le My Loan Phung , Lam Thi Xuan Binh , Pham Quoc Trung , Nguyen Thi Phuong Thoa 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Various composite materials of MnO
2/C have been synthesized by electrochemical deposition and then used for the synthesis of lithium manganese oxide (LiMn
2
O
4) spinel as a cathode material for lithium ion batteries. The structure and electrochemical properties of electrode materials based on MnO
2/C, spinel LiMn
2
O
4 and doped spinel LiNi
0.5
Mn
1.5
O
4 have been studied. The influence of synthesis conditions on the structural and electrochemical properties of synthesized materials was investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) and charge–discharge experiments. Some of the studied materials exhibit good performance of cycling and discharge capacity.
A New Pathogenic Race of Tilletia caries Possessing the Broadest Virulence Spectrum of Known Races
Authors: Matanguihan Janet B. , Jones Stephen S. 
Published: May 2011

Common bunt, caused by the fungi Tilletia caries and T. laevis, is one of the most destructive seedborne diseases of wheat. In conventional agriculture, common bunt is managed almost exclusively with chemical seed treatments. However, in organic farming, synthetic chemicals are prohibited. Because of this, there has been a resurgence of this disease in organic wheat. In order to maintain high yields and excellent seed quality, organic growers must rely heavily on resistant wheat cultivars. To breed cultivars with resistance against common bunt, and to effectively deploy resistance genes, it is necessary to identify and monitor the pathogenic races of the local pathogen population. Towards this goal, races of T. caries present in Washington, Oregon, California, and Idaho were identified by inoculating field collections of the pathogen on 13 differential wheat cultivars. Results of three years' testing show that there is a new pathogenic race in Washington State, which possesses the broadest virulence spectrum to date compared with known bunt races. Furthermore, two-year data indicates the presence of other new races in Washington, California, and Oregon. Accepted for publication 5 April 2011. Published 20 May 2011.
Efficacy of Fungicides and Biopesticides for Management of Phytophthora Crown and Root Rot of Gerber Daisy
Authors: Benson D. M. , Parker K. C. 
Published: May 2011

Several fungicides and biopesticides were evaluated for control of Phytophthora crown and root rot of Gerber daisy caused by P. cryptogea, a frequently encountered pathogen in greenhouse production. In greenhouse trials, biopesticides were applied 3 to 5 days before inoculation with P. cryptogea, while fungicides were applied at the time of inoculation. Efficacy of the treatments was assessed according to fresh plant top weights and root rot ratings at the end of experiments. Phosphite salt fungicides such as AgriFos, Aliette, Alude, Magellan and Vital sprayed to run off prior to inoculation were ineffective. Similarly, the strobulurins (Disarm, Heritage, and Insignia) as a drench and the biopesticides (Muscodor albus, Remedier, and Taegro) incorporated or as a drench failed to prevent root and crown rot and collapse of plants. Adorn as a drench at 2 fl oz/100 gal prevented Phytophthora crown and root rot in two of three trial years. Fenstop as a drench at 14 fl oz/100 gal or Orvego as a drench at rates of 22.5 to 34 fl oz/100 gal consistently controlled disease in three years of trials. Segway as a drench at 6 fl oz/100 gal varied in efficacy but in all trials, disease development was less than the non-treated, inoculated control. Because the effective fungicides are in different Fungicide Resistance Action Committee codes, growers have valuable rotation options for managing crown and root rot caused by P. cryptogea on Gerber daisy and avoiding pathogen resistance in the Phytophthora populations. Accepted for publication 18 February 2011. Published 12 May 2011.
Severe, Focal Tibialis Anterior and Triceps Brachii Weakness in Myasthenia Gravis: A Case Report
Authors: Rubin Devon I , Litchy William J 
Published: May 2011

Abstract:

We report a case of a patient with myasthenia gravis who presented with an atypically focal distribution of severe weakness in the triceps brachii and tibialis anterior muscles. Repetitive nerve stimulation studies demonstrated the typical decrement at rest, but also demonstrated marked facilitation after brief exercise. This case adds to the clinical and electrophysiological spectrum of variations of presentation of myasthenia gravis.
Concurrent Chronic Motor Axonal Polyneuropathy and Synaptic Impairment of Neuromuscular Junction
Authors: Galassi Giuliana , Canali Elena , Ariatti Alessandra , Valzania Franco 
Published: May 2011

Abstract:

Polyneuropathies may exhibits clinical, electrophysiologic signs of neuromuscular junction impairment. Distal motor nerve terminals and neuromuscular junction contain pre or postsynaptically specific targets for circulating autoantibodies, if present in neuropathies. Motor nerve terminal blockade either reversible or permanent is a putative factor of muscle weakness. A 59-year-old patient exhibited oropharyngeal, facial, extremity weakness, fluctuating fatigability, and areflexia. Elecectrophysiologic studies showed purely motor axonal polyneuropathy. Thenar, facial slow rate repetitive stimulation revealed up to 47% decrement of compound muscle action potential size. Single fiber electromyography on voluntary activation confirmed increased jitter and impulse blocking in all muscles examined in one third of the fibers. Repeated testings for antibodies to gangliosides, acetylcholine, muscle tyrosine kinase receptors, voltage-gated calcium channels were negative. Oral pyridostigmine bromide improved bulbar symptoms. Pulse intravenous immunoglobulin, oral steroids, and azathioprine had steady benefit. Impairment of neuromuscular transmission if occurring in chronic axonal neuropathies highlights mechanisms and significance of neuromuscular chronic “synaptopathies.”
Vasculitic Neuropathy Associated With Minocycline Use
Authors: Thaisetthawatkul Pariwat , Sundell Robert , Robertson Carrie E , Dyck Peter J 
Published: May 2011

Introduction:
Minocycline is an antibiotic used for the treatment of acne. It has been associated with several autoimmune syndromes, including drug-induced lupus, autoimmune hepatitis, and vasculitis.

Method and Results:
We report a case of a 28-year-old previously healthy woman who developed a left sciatic mononeuropathy 2 weeks after starting minocycline for acne. Magnetic resonance imaging studies supported the localization. A biopsy of the left sural nerve revealed acute nerve large arteriole necrotizing vasculitis. Her condition improved after the withdrawal of minocycline and a course of treatment with methylprednisolone.

Conclusion:
This case provides further evidence that minocycline may induce a nonsystemic necrotizing vasculitis.
Developing Rice with High Yield under Phosphorus Deficiency: Pup1 Sequence to Application
Authors: Chin Joong Hyoun , Gamuyao Rico , Dalid Cheryl , Bustamam Masdiar , Prasetiyono Joko , Moeljopawiro Sugiono , Wissuwa Matthias , Heuer Sigrid 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
The major quantitative trait locus (QTL) Phosphorus uptake1 (Pup1) confers tolerance of phosphorus deficiency in soil and is currently one of the most promising QTLs for the development of tolerant rice (Oryza sativa) varieties. To facilitate targeted introgression of Pup1 into intolerant varieties, the gene models predicted in the Pup1 region in the donor variety Kasalath were used to develop gene-based molecular markers that are evenly distributed over the fine-mapped 278-kb QTL region. To validate the gene models and optimize the markers, gene expression analyses and partial allelic sequencing were conducted. The markers were tested in more than 80 diverse rice accessions revealing three main groups with different Pup1 allele constitution. Accessions with tolerant (group I) and intolerant (group III) Pup1 alleles were distinguished from genotypes with Kasalath alleles at some of the analyzed loci (partial Pup1; group II). A germplasm survey additionally confirmed earlier data showing that Pup1 is largely absent from irrigated rice varieties but conserved in varieties and breeding lines adapted to drought-prone environments. A core set of Pup1 markers has been defined, and sequence polymorphisms suitable for single-nucleotide polymorphism marker development for high-throughput genotyping were identified. Following a marker-assisted backcrossing approach, Pup1 was introgressed into two irrigated rice varieties and three Indonesian upland varieties. First phenotypic evaluations of the introgression lines suggest that Pup1 is effective in different genetic backgrounds and environments and that it has the potential to significantly enhance grain yield under field conditions.
cis- and trans-Regulation of miR163 and Target Genes Confers Natural Variation of Secondary Metabolites in Two Arabidopsis Species and Their Allopolyploids
Authors: Ng Danny W-K. , Zhang Changqing , Miller Marisa , Palmer Gregory , Whiteley Marvin , Tholl Dorothea , Chen Z. Jeffrey 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play essential roles in plant and animal development, but the cause and effect of miRNA expression divergence between closely related species and in interspecific hybrids or allopolyploids are unknown. Here, we show differential regulation of a miR163-mediated pathway in allotetraploids and their progenitors, Arabidopsis thaliana and Arabidopsis arenosa. miR163 is a recently evolved miRNA in A. thaliana and highly expressed in A. thaliana, but its expression was undetectable in A. arenosa and repressed in resynthesized allotetraploids. Repression of A. arenosa MIR163 (Aa MIR163) is caused by a weak cis-acting promoter and putative trans-acting repressor(s) present in A. arenosa and allotetraploids. Moreover, ectopic Aa MIR163 precursors were processed more efficiently in A. thaliana than in resynthesized allotetraploids, suggesting a role of posttranscriptional regulation in mature miR163 abundance. Target genes of miR163 encode a family of small molecule methyltransferases involved in secondary metabolite biosynthetic pathways that are inducible by a fungal elicitor, alamethicin. Loss of miR163 or overexpression of miR163 in mir163 mutant plants alters target transcript and secondary metabolite profiles. We suggest that cis- and trans-regulation of miRNA and other genes provides a molecular basis for natural variation of biochemical and metabolic pathways that are important to growth vigor and stress responses in Arabidopsis-related species and allopolyploids.
The use of Grounded Theory in PhD research in knowledge management
Authors: Idrees Inaam , Vasconcelos Ana Cristina , Cox Andrew M. 
Published: May 2011

PurposeNew PhD researchers sometimes face challenges when attempting to follow Grounded Theory principles to conduct their studies. These challenges may lead them to change its features or even prevent them from using the approach at all. This paper seeks to argue that, although challenging to implement, Grounded Theory is congruent with the nature of PhD research. It aims to provide an example of the application of Grounded Theory in a typically time‐limited PhD research project without the need to change any of its key features and principles.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents and discusses the research design adopted in ongoing PhD research which integrates the main guiding principles of Grounded Theory in a simplified four‐stage model of theory development.FindingsThe proposed model four‐stage research design includes: an uncertainty stage, where the primary focus is formed; an emergence stage, where the core categories, which are the foundations of the theory, emerge; an ambiguity resolution stage, where the grey areas in the emerging theory are clarified; and a maturity stage, when relationships between categories are defined and the theory is refined.Originality/valueThis research design can help new PhD researchers unfamiliar with Grounded Theory to develop a clear understanding of the process by simplifying and clarifying its main guiding principles, as well as guiding them to a clear, phased approach that takes into account the iterative and non‐linear nature of this methodology. It also places boundaries on the issues that should be dealt with within each of the phases of research adopting this methodology.
Information and food blogging as serious leisure
Authors: Cox Andrew M. , Blake Megan K. 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore aspects of creating, seeking, sharing and management of information in food blogging as serious leisure.Design/methodology/approachParticipants' conceptualisation of food blogging and the role of information in it is interpreted through in‐depth interviews and analysis of activity on the UK Food Bloggers Association web site.FindingsFood blogging as a leisure pursuit resulted in the creation of new information sources, for which existing information is a source of inspiration. The content, and style of blogs, and so their nature as information sources, were influenced by the extent of involvement in a professional‐amateur‐public (PAP) system. Information about publics or audiences was of great concern and a focus of collegial information sharing. The management of content implies greater personal information management needs, but the data did not show great awareness of this, rather interviewees were concerned with access management. Pre‐professionals had an intensified concern with Intellectual Property Rights (IPR).Research limitations/implicationsFood blogs may be better understood by placing them in the context of the PAP system.Practical implicationsFood bloggers are sophisticated users of information and ICTs, but have unrecognised access management and information management requirements that have potentially significant design implications.Originality/valueThis paper adds to the growing literature on information aspects of serious leisure by examining activity within Stebbins' professional‐amateur‐public system.
Playing video games: learning and information literacy
Authors: Gumulak Sabina , Webber Sheila 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to identify what motivates young people to play video games, and the extent to which video games are perceived as facilitating learning and information literacy.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted a qualitative approach, interviewing a convenience sample of 28 young people who enjoy playing video games. They were aged between 12 and 19, and all resident in Northern England. The interview transcripts were analysed thematically.FindingsEntertainment and challenge were key reasons for playing video games. Of the respondents 89 per cent said they had learned something from gaming, including skills with real‐world application. Respondents used a variety of texts to solve gaming problems and to choose new games. Analysis of respondents' reported information behaviour showed that they were carrying out activities (e.g. searching, evaluating) that corresponded to models of information literacy, and these activities are mapped to the SCONUL Seven Pillars model. The interviewees showed determination in working out game problems and puzzles, rather than opting straight for an easy solution.Practical implicationsLibrarians and other educators should design information literacy games, which challenge learners, using a problem‐solving approach. They also need to take account of learners' varying preferences for game genres.Originality/valueThere have been relatively few empirical studies into information literacy in videogaming (the focus is more usually on digital literacy, or literacy in reading and interpreting text). The paper identifies gamer preferences and behaviours that should influence design of information literacy games, and extend the information literacy model to include an attitudinal focus, fostering persistence and determination to solve information problems.
Health and social care information for visually‐impaired people
Authors: Beverley Catherine A. , Bath Peter A. , Barber Rosemary 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the health and social care information needs of people with a visual impairment; to identify the health and social care information sources used by visually‐impaired people seeking information; to identify differences in the information needs of people with different visual impairments; to examine ways in which developments in information provision may help to meet the needs of visually impaired people.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 28 semi‐structured interviews (face‐to‐face or telephone) were conducted with 31 visually impaired people living in or near Sheffield, UK. The participants included two groups: people with an age‐related visual impairment, and people with a visual impairment since birth or early childhood. Framework analysis was used to analyse the findings.FindingsFour major themes were identified: health and social care information needs, sources of health and social care information, possible improvements, and “intervening variables”.Practical implicationsIn this study only a small proportion of the health and social care information needs of visually impaired people were currently being met. There was minimal co‐ordination of information between the different information providers. Visually impaired people were dependent on acquiring and seeking out additional information from a wide variety of sources.Originality/valueThis paper provides new insights into the health and social care information needs of visually impaired people and their sources of information, and starts to fill gaps identified in an earlier systematic review. The paper reinforces the view that visually impaired people are a heterogeneous group, with different needs according to their visual impairments.
Developing the legal information professional
Authors: Corrall Sheila , O'Brien James 
Published: May 2011

PurposeLegal information work has expanded with the growth in knowledge management and emergence of a new type of knowledge/information manager, the professional support lawyer. This study aims to investigate competency requirements for library‐based information work in UK law firms, including the specialist subject knowledge required, methods of development and the impact on information professionals of professional support lawyers.Design/methodology/approachThe investigation used a pragmatic mixed‐methods approach, including a mainly quantitative questionnaire, administered online to 64 legal information professionals, followed by eight semi‐structured interviews and a focus group with four participants. A literature review informed the questionnaire design and contextualised the findings.FindingsThe survey confirmed a broad range of competency requirements and clarified the specific subject knowledge needed. Participants favoured a varied combination of formal, and informal learning. Most participants also wanted specialised professional education for the sector.Research limitations/implicationsThe nature of the sample and use of categorised questions were limiting factors, partly compensated by inviting open‐ended comments and follow‐up interviews. A larger study using qualitative methods with professional support lawyers and fee‐earners would provide a fuller more rounded picture.Practical implicationsThe findings indicate that the subject knowledge needed for legal information work in law firms is more extensive than for other sectors and suggest that information science departments should strengthen and extend curriculum content to reflect this need.Originality/valueThe study has advanced the understanding of the competency, education and training needs of UK legal information professionals, challenging assumptions about academic/professional qualifications and illuminating the blend of competencies needed.
Computer science research in Malaysia: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Bakri Aryati , Willett Peter 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the publications of, and the citations to, the current staff of 19 departments of computer science in Malaysian universities, and to compare these bibliometric data with expert peer reviews of Malaysian research performance.Design/methodology/approachThis paper searches citation of the Scopus and Web of Science databases.FindingsBoth publication and citation rates are low, although this is at least in part due to some Malaysian universities having only a teaching function. More of the departments' publications were identified in Scopus than in Web of Science, but both databases were needed for comprehensive coverage. Statistically significant relationships were observed between the departments' publication and citation counts and the rankings of the departments' parent universities in two evaluations of the research performance of Malaysian universities.Originality/valueThis is the first comparison of bibliometric and peer‐review data for Malaysia, and, more generally, for a country with a newly developed higher education system.