bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forcing more 𝖣𝖢 over the Chang model using the Thorn sequence
Authors: Holland James , Sargsyan Grigor 
Published: May 2024

In the context of

Z
F

+

D
C

\mathsf {ZF}+\mathsf {DC}

, we force

D
C

κ

\mathsf {DC}_\kappa

for relations on

P

(
κ
)

\mathcal {P}(\kappa )

for arbitrarily large

κ
>

ℵ
ω

\kappa >\aleph _\omega

over the Chang model

L

(

O
r
d

ω

)

\mathrm {L}(\mathrm {Ord}^\omega )

making some assumptions on the thorn sequence defined by

Þ

0

=
ω

Þ_0=\omega

,

Þ

α
+
1

Þ_{\alpha +1}

as the least ordinal not a surjective image of

Þ

α
ω

Þ_\alpha ^\omega

and

Þ

γ

=

sup

α
>
γ

Þ

α

Þ_\gamma =\sup _{\alpha >\gamma }Þ_\alpha

for limit

γ
\gamma

. These assumptions are motivated from results about

Θ
\Theta

in the context of determinacy, and could be reasonable ways of thinking about the Chang model. Explicitly, we assume successor points

λ
\lambda

on the thorn sequence are strongly regular—meaning regular and functions

f
:

κ

>
κ

→
λ

f:\kappa ^{>\kappa }\rightarrow \lambda

are bounded whenever

κ
>
λ

\kappa >\lambda

is on the thorn sequence—and justified—meaning

P

(

κ
ω

)
∩

L

(

O
r
d

ω

)
⊆

L

λ

(

λ
ω

,
X
)

\mathcal {P}(\kappa ^\omega )\cap \mathrm {L}(\mathrm {Ord}^\omega )\subseteq \mathrm {L}_{\lambda }(\lambda ^\omega ,X)

for some

X
⊆
λ

X\subseteq \lambda

for any

κ
>
λ

\kappa >\lambda

on the thorn sequence. This allows us to use Cohen forcing and establish more dependent choice while preserving the thorn sequence and calculating it:

Þ

i

=

ℵ

i
+
1

Þ_i=\aleph _{i+1}

for

0
>
i
>
ω

0>i>\omega

after

i
i

steps in the iteration.
Introduction
Authors: Solomonescu Yasmin , Uhlig Stefan H 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This introduction situates eighteenth-century and Romantic rearticulations of persuasion in the context of the cultural decline of formal rhetoric in Europe and in relation to pertinent scholarship. We propose that writers of the period reworked the status and signification of persuasion in a range of genres, arguments, and interests, in ways elided by the emphasis of existing scholarship on rhetoric as a whole. We contend that attending to these re-evaluations deepens our perceptions of the period and can also help us rethink contemporary resistance to deliberation and debate across fragmented public spheres. The first part offers an account of the long eighteenth-century decline of rhetoric that shows how even its death notices acknowledged the continuing vitality of inborn talents of influence. The second part elaborates on some salient features of post-rhetorical persuasion and of this volume’s multidisciplinary approaches to it with emphasis on its theoretical, practical, and institutional dimensions.
In the Wake of Rhetoric
Authors: Balfour Ian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This essay charts the dynamics of the practice and to a lesser extent the theory of rhetoric in Britain primarily at a charged, protracted moment around and in the wake of the French Revolution. I suggest that one can witness something of a tectonic shift around the turn of the eighteenth century from an older, classics-based rhetoric to a newer mode of persuasion that is less dependent on those classical models in decline. Something of this shift is crystallized in the late-career screed by Edmund Burke on the revolution and its rapid, partly mimicking but decidedly critical response by a young Mary Wollstonecraft, raised in a Dissenting tradition under the banner of anti-rhetoric. The vexed gender relations of the textual and personal encounter are not lost on Wollstonecraft in her first Vindication, a novel intervention in political theory.
Flowers after Rhetoric
Authors: Mieszkowski Jan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This essay considers Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s writings on botany as a series of attempts to rethink the relationship between empirical inquiry and self-expression once the traditional codes of verbal praxis are in retreat. Rousseau’s oeuvre offers a unique opportunity for revisiting standard scholarly claims about the multiplicity of rhetorical systems that emerge in the eighteenth century because his texts seek to elucidate the conditions of possibility of different representational modes without taking their own legibility for granted. For Rousseau, the language of botany is ultimately a fluid dynamic, less one kind of discourse among others than a provocation to any hegemonic linguistic paradigm. With the waning authority of classical rhetoric, persuasion thus becomes as much a factor of challenging existing discursive resources as employing them.
Persuasion against Rhetoric
Authors: Planinc Emma 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this chapter, I outline Rousseau’s unique vision of a persuasive language that exists beyond rhetoric. This imagistic language is the first that Rousseau discusses in his Essay on the Origin of Languages, and it is also the language that Rousseau claims the lawgiver must use, in order that he might persuade without convincing. Defying conventional accounts that describe rhetoric as an art conducted in a persuasive mode, Rousseau instead bisects persuasion and rhetoric. Rhetoric is the art of convincing, providing argumentation through words and deliberation, and its goal is to change minds. Persuasion, on the other hand, is affective and imagistic, dealing in illusory figurations, and aims to transform the reader’s heart. Persuasion cuts deeper than the dissembling and artificial words of rhetoric—it is its own language. Further, I argue that Rousseau was using this persuasive argument himself, crafting images designed to move readers toward a self-transformation.
Persuasion after the Revolution
Authors: Franzel Sean 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Heinrich Heine is one of the most perceptive observers of cultures of public speech in the 1830s and 40s. His reports on the politics and culture of the July Monarchy, first published in journals, then in book form, explore how public oratory shapes cultural politics and serves as a site for broader historical reflection. Heine adapts visual and narrative representations of past and present figures as an ambivalent mode of history writing, staging the spatial and temporal convergence of audiences and speakers and dwelling on the importance of bodily presence for different kinds of persuasion. In the process, Heine addresses how media and their varied affordances are more and less well suited to make the temporalities of the French Revolution visible. Heine’s persuasion is thus historiographically self-conscious, for he is concerned with how media persuade differently about the course of ongoing historical events and trends.
A new mechanism of antibody diversity: formation of the natural antibodies containing LAIR1 and LILRB1 extracellular domains
Authors: Chen Yuanzhi , Zeng Zhiren , Chen Ziyou , Yuan Na , Ye Xinya , Zhang Chengcheng , Xia Ningshao , Luo Wenxin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The recent discovery of public antibodies targeting Plasmodium falciparum-encoded repetitive interspersed families of polypeptides (RIFINs), which contain extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains from LAIR1 or LILRB1, constitutes a significant step forward in comprehending the reactivity of the Plasmodium parasite. These antibodies arise from unique B cell clones and demonstrate extensive cross-reactivity through their interaction with P. falciparum RIFINs. LAIR1 and LILRBs are specialized type I transmembrane glycoproteins, classified as immune inhibitory receptors, restricted to primates and mainly found on hematopoietic cells. They are instrumental in modulating interactions within the tumor microenvironment and across the immune system, and are increasingly recognized as important in anti-cancer immunotherapy and pathogen defense. The presence of LAIR1/LILRB1-containing antibodies offers new insights into malaria parasite evasion strategies and the immune system’s response. Additionally, the innovative method of integrating extra exons into the antibody switch region is a noteworthy advancement, enriching the strategies for the generation of a varied array of bispecific and multispecific antibodies.
Archerfish foraging success varies with immediate competition level but not group size
Authors: der Weduwen Dagmar , Jones Nick A R , Dubosque Adèle , Schuster Stefan , Sillar Keith T , Webster Mike , Rendell Luke 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Group living can lead to kleptoparasitism, the theft of resources by competitors. Under such conditions, foragers may alter their behavior to minimize competition. However, it is unclear how such behavioral changes impact foraging performance. Archerfish (Toxotes spp.) are a good model for investigating the behavioral responses to kleptoparasitism, as their hunting method (shooting waterjets at insects perched above the water) leaves them vulnerable to theft. They must hit the target prey with sufficient force to dislodge it; thus, the prey may land some distance away from the shooter. Kleptoparasitism rates increase with group size in archerfish, and individuals alter their behavior around conspecifics. We investigated whether group size affected shooting success, using 7-spot archerfish T. chatareus. We considered a fish’s shot to be successful if it knocked a fly, placed on a transparent platform above the tank, into the water. The probability of shooting success was modeled as a function of group size, aiming duration, nearest neighbor distance and position, and trial number. We found no effect of group size, aiming duration, or nearest neighbor distance or position on shooting success. Shooting success increased as trials progressed, likely due to the fish becoming more familiar with the task. We also found no change in the kleptoparasitism rate between group sizes. Instead, the likelihood of the shooter consuming the prey depended on the types of competition present at the time of shooting. We suggest that archerfish shooting behavior can be influenced by the presence of conspecifics in ways not previously considered.
Normalization of RNA-Seq data using adaptive trimmed mean with multi-reference
Authors: Singh Vikas , Kirtipal Nikhil , Song Byeongsop , Lee Sunjae 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The normalization of RNA sequencing data is a primary step for downstream analysis. The most popular method used for the normalization is the trimmed mean of M values (TMM) and DESeq. The TMM tries to trim away extreme log fold changes of the data to normalize the raw read counts based on the remaining non-deferentially expressed genes. However, the major problem with the TMM is that the values of trimming factor M are heuristic. This paper tries to estimate the adaptive value of M in TMM based on Jaeckel’s Estimator, and each sample acts as a reference to find the scale factor of each sample. The presented approach is validated on SEQC, MAQC2, MAQC3, PICKRELL and two simulated datasets with two-group and three-group conditions by varying the percentage of differential expression and the number of replicates. The performance of the present approach is compared with various state-of-the-art methods, and it is better in terms of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and differential expression.
114 CLAUSEWITZ’S “FOG OF WAR” AND THE DIFFICULTY OF ASSESSING THE RISK OF MALIGNANCY OF THYROID NODULES BETHESDA III-IV IN CORRELATION WITH THE EU-TIRADS CLASSIFICATION
Authors: Sola M , Saladich M , Bardaji M , Collera P 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The management of thyroid nodules is based on the Bethesda and TIRADS classification. We analyzed our results using a correlation of both methods to assess the risk of malignancy (ROM) to show that this estimation is especially uncertain in the thyroid nodules Bethesda III-IV. The issue of uncertainty is not new, the Prussian military theorist, Carl von Clausewitz (1832), studied the psychological aspects of war and provided the term “fog of war”.

Methods
All patients who underwent a total or hemithyroidectomy from January 2022 to November 2023 were included in this study. The results of TIRADS and Bethesda classification were correlated with the pathologic results.

Results
During this period, 218 patients had thyroid surgery. Bethesda group III was associated with a ROM of 41%; in association with a TIRADS 5 the ROM increased to 58%. Bethesda IV had a ROM of 60%, only if combined with TIRADS 5, ROM reached 100%. We found that the ROM was more accurate using the Bethesda combined with the TIRADS classification, especially nodules TIRADS 5; but in Bethesda II and III, despite the TIRADS, the ROM was still very uncertain.

Conclusions
The “fog of war” refers to the diminished level of accuracy of the information provided. According to Clausewitz, “a sensitive and discriminating judgment is called to scent out the truth.” Despite many advances, preoperative cancer risk assessment for most thyroid nodules remains imprecise, and the treatment still depends on the surgeon preferences.
102 THERMAL ABLATION VERSUS TOETVA FOR A SOLITARY BENIGN THYROID NODULE: CHANGING LANDSCAPE OF PATIENTS PREFERENCES IS COMING TRUE
Authors: Barczynski M , Belowski J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
A changing landscape of patients’ preferences for treatment of solitary and benign thyroid nodules (SBTN) form conventional surgery to other minimally invasive treatments (MITs) has been witnessed. The aim of this study was to evaluate indications, patient’s preferences, and outcomes of conventional surgery vs laser ablation (LA) vs transoral endoscopic thyroid surgery by vestibular approach (TOETVA) treatments for SBTN.

Methods
This prospective cohort study included patients with SBTN causing compression symptoms treated at our institution throughout 2020 - 2023. Primary endpoint was patient’s preferences for treatment. Secondary endpoints were overall morbidity, need for second line treatment, and satisfaction rate.

Results
Some 204 patients (F:M = 161:43) with SBTN were offered conventional surgery (thyroid lobectomy) vs TOETVA vs LA. Patients preferences were: 23 (11.3%) for conventional surgery vs 17 (8.3%) for TOETVA vs 164 (80.4%) for LA (p&lt;0.01). Overall morbidity was 2/23 (8.7%) for conventional surgery vs. 2/17 (11.8%) for TOETVA vs 3/164 (1.8%) for LA (p&lt;0.01). Volume reduction rate (VRR) for LA was 63% (range: 32% - 98%) at 6 months following treatment. Spongiform nodules vs fluid-solid tumors vs solid tumors had VRR of 83% vs 67% vs 51%, respectively (p&lt;0.01). Second line treatment was needed for 3/164 (1.8%) patients following LA within a 3-year follow-up. Satisfaction rate was higher for LA and TOETVA vs conventional surgery (p&lt;0.01).

Conclusions
Currently most patients prefer MITs for SBTN. TOETVA is chosen by minority of patient with a strong motivation to have no scar whereas LA is the preferred MIT nowadays.
Motivated Optimism and Workplace Risk
Authors: Orhun Yeşim , Cohn Alain , Raymond Collin B 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We provide field evidence that individuals engage in motivated optimism in the face of impending risk. Congruent with a dynamic anticipatory utility model, we demonstrate that belief distortions are time and stake dependent. Our study leverages variation in the time span between the survey and the externally imposed date when workers are required to return to their workplaces during the COVID-19 pandemic. We show that, as the work return date approaches, individuals become relatively more optimistic about the increased infection risk associated with going back to the workplace, and about how severely their health may be impacted if they get infected. Belief distortions are larger among those facing potential health complications conditional on infection. Our results are informative about when and for whom interventions will be most effective.
Nocturnal heat exposure and stroke risk
Authors: He Cheng , Breitner Susanne , Zhang Siqi , Huber Veronika , Naumann Markus , Traidl-Hoffmann Claudia , Hammel Gertrud , Peters Annette , Ertl Michael , Schneider Alexandra 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
In recent decades, nighttime temperatures have increased faster than daytime temperatures. The increasing prevalence of nocturnal heat exposure may pose a significant risk to cardiovascular health. This study investigated the association between nighttime heat exposure and stroke risk in the region of Augsburg, Germany, and examined its temporal variations over 15 years.

Methods
Hourly meteorological parameters, including mean temperature, relative humidity, and barometric pressure, were acquired from a local meteorological station. A data set was obtained consisting of 11 037 clinical stroke cases diagnosed during warmer months (May to October) between the years 2006 and 2020. The average age of cases was 71.3 years. Among these cases, 642 were identified as haemorrhagic strokes, 7430 were classified as ischaemic strokes, and 2947 were transient ischaemic attacks. A time-stratified case-crossover analysis with a distributed lag non-linear model was used to estimate the stroke risk associated with extreme nighttime heat, as measured by the hot night excess (HNE) index after controlling for the potential confounding effects of daily maximum temperature and other climatic variables. Subgroup analyses by age group, sex, stroke subtype, and stroke severity were performed to identify variations in susceptibility to nighttime heat.

Results
Results suggested a significant increase in stroke risk on days with extreme nighttime heat (97.5% percentile of HNE) (odds ratio 1.07, 95% confidence interval 1.01–1.15) during the full study period. When comparing the results for 2013–20 with the results for 2006–12, there was a significant increase (P &lt; .05) in HNE-related risk for all strokes and specifically for ischaemic strokes during the more recent period. Furthermore, older individuals, females, and patients with mild stroke symptoms exhibited a significantly increased vulnerability to nighttime heat.

Conclusions
This study found nocturnal heat exposure to be related to elevated stroke risk after controlling for maximum daytime temperature, with increasing susceptibility between 2006 and 2020. These results underscore the importance of considering nocturnal heat as a critical trigger of stroke events in a warming climate.
YajC, a predicted membrane protein, promotes Enterococcus faecium biofilm formation in vitro and in a rat endocarditis model
Authors: Top Janetta , Zhang Xinglin , Hendrickx Antoni P A , Boeren Sjef , van Schaik Willem , Huebner Johannes , Willems Rob J L , Leavis Helen L , Paganelli Fernanda L 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Biofilm formation is a critical step in the pathogenesis of difficult-to-treat Gram-positive bacterial infections. We identified that YajC, a conserved membrane protein in bacteria, plays a role in biofilm formation of the clinically relevant Enterococcus faecium strain E1162. Deletion of yajC conferred significantly impaired biofilm formation in vitro and was attenuated in a rat endocarditis model. Mass spectrometry analysis of supernatants of washed ΔyajC cells revealed increased amounts in cytoplasmic and cell-surface-located proteins, including biofilm-associated proteins, suggesting that proteins on the surface of the yajC mutant are only loosely attached. In Streptococcus mutans YajC has been identified in complex with proteins of two cotranslational membrane protein-insertion pathways; the signal recognition particle (SRP)-SecYEG-YajC-YidC1 and the SRP-YajC-YidC2 pathway, but its function is unknown. In S. mutans mutation of yidC1 and yidC2 resulted in impaired protein insertion in the cell membrane and secretion in the supernatant. The E. faecium genome contains all homologous genes encoding for the cotranslational membrane protein-insertion pathways. By combining the studies in S. mutans and E. faecium, we propose that YajC is involved in the stabilization of the SRP-SecYEG-YajC-YidC1 and SRP-YajC-Yid2 pathway or plays a role in retaining proteins for proper docking to the YidC insertases for translocation in and over the membrane.
Age and growth reductions increase the proportion of dark heartwood in sugar maple at the northern limit of its range
Authors: Voyer David , Moreau Guillaume , Gennaretti Fabio , Bédard Steve , Havreljuk Filip , Grondin Pierre , Achim Alexis 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The wood of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) in the northernmost part of the species range often exhibits high proportions of discoloured wood at the centre of the stems, which is referred to as dark heartwood. This defect significantly decreases the wood market value of the species, which, in turn, challenges the implementation of state-of-the art silvicultural treatments. The causes of dark heartwood are associated with trauma and the colder climate of the northern regions. In this study, we investigate factors influencing the occurrence of dark heartwood in sugar maple’s northern populations, considering tree age, vigour, stem growth, and local climate. We also aimed to determine whether the proportion of dark heartwood is higher in northern stands compared to more southern ones. We collected samples from 302 sugar maple stems at 16 sites within two bioclimatic domains of Quebec, Canada, i.e. the balsam fir–yellow birch domain (representing the northern limit of the sugar maple range) and the sugar maple–yellow birch domain (representing a more southern location within the range). Our results indicate a positive relationship between dark heartwood proportions and stem age, as well as with the amplitude of the maximum growth reduction throughout the tree’s lifespan and the length of the longest suppression period. We also observed significantly higher dark heartwood proportion for a given tree age in northern stands. The results suggest that silvicultural systems aiming to release suppressed crop trees through group selection using a cut-to-length system could favour the development of high quality timber.