bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The vertical jump height of soccer players after static overstretching
Authors: Vasconcellos Fabrício Vieira do Amaral , Salles Paulo Gil da Costa Mendes de , Junior Abdallah Achour , Mello Danielli Braga de , Dantas Estélio Henrique Martin 
Published: April 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to assess the effect of static overstretching on performing a vertical jump.MethodsA methodological model was used, using descriptive and comparative methods on 45 randomly selected under-15-year-old male soccer players. Three jump test measurements were taken over a period of several days, where the first measurement included a pre-test in order to familiarize the athletes with using a contact mat, where maximum vertical jump height was recorded as a control. The second measurement had the athletes perform a vertical jump after static overstretching of the lower limbs. The third test had the athletes perform another vertical jump with no overstretching as another control.ResultsThe results found a significant difference in vertical jump heights (Δ% = 34.1%, <i>p</i> < 0.05), with jumps performed after static overstretching to be much lower.ConclusionsThe usage of such a static overstretching method negatively influences the vertical jump within the tested group of under-15 male soccer players.
Recombinants of PVY Strains Predominate Among Isolates from Potato Crop in Poland
Authors: Yin Zhimin , Chrzanowska Mirosława , Michalak Krystyna , Zagórska Helena , Zimnoch-Guzowska Ewa 
Published: April 2012

Recombinants of PVY Strains Predominate Among Isolates from Potato Crop in Poland
282 Potato virus Y (PVY) isolates collected from potato crops in northern and central Poland from 1995 to 2009 were characterized by serological and biological assays. From these, 112 isolates collected from 2006 to 2009 were additionally analyzed by one-step triplex Reverse Transcription-Polymeraze Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Recombinants of PVY strains predominate among the isolates tested. Using one-step triplex RT-PCR most PVYN-Wi isolates were classified as subgroup PVYNWi-P and most PVYN and/or PVYNTN isolates as the recombinant PVYNTN strain. A recombinant PVYNTN isolate (12/94) and two additional PVYN and/or PVYNTN isolates were not detected by one-step triplex RT-PCR. Twelve isolates were identified as the PVYO strain but PVYN, non-recombinant PVYNTN and PVYC strains were not found. Serological and biological assays of 144 isolates of PVYN-Wi strain showed that 100 isolates were the expected PVYO serotype with vein necrosis (VN) symptoms on tobacco. However, 10 isolates of the PVYNWi-P subgroup exhibited vein clearing (VCl) on tobacco and 2 isolates of the PVYNN242 subgroup unexpectedly exhibited as the PVYN serotype. All the isolates of PVYN-Wi strain induced severe local lesions (LL) on Chenopodium amaranticolor. Out of 126 isolates of PVYNTN strain tested, 76 were typical PVYN serotype with VN on tobacco, but their reactions on C. amaranticolor were different: 13 isolates did not show symptoms, 23 isolates induced weak, and 40 isolates induced severe LL. The remaining isolates of PVYN-Wi, PVYN and/or PVYNTN or PVYO were serologically PVYN and PVYO positive or exhibited unpredictable serological and biological reactions.
Analysis of Downy Mildew Infection of Field Pea Varieties Using the Logistic Model
Authors: Bakinowska Ewa , Pilarczyk Wiesław , Osiecka Agnieszka , Wiatr Kazimierz 
Published: April 2012

Analysis of Downy Mildew Infection of Field Pea Varieties Using the Logistic ModelThe logistic model is commonly used for analysis of discrete, multinomial data. Such a model was used for the statistical evaluation of data concerning infection of field pea varieties by downy mildew, in two series of field trials. Each series consisted of experiments performed in locations spread over the whole of Poland in the time period from 2002 to 2005. Varieties cultivated on light soils were compared in the first series, and varieties cultivated on rich soils in the second. The most resistant varieties were identified (Sokolik - light soils, Terno - rich soils) and significant differences among varieties were detected. Estimators of model parameters were found using the Fisher scoring method implemented inlogistic glmprocedure of the SAS system.
Role of Abiotic Factors on Seasonal Abundance and Infestation of Fruit Fly, Bactrocera Cucurbitae (COQ.) on Bitter Gourd
Authors: Raghuvanshi Avadhesh , Satpathy Subrata , Mishra Debi 
Published: April 2012

Role of Abiotic Factors on Seasonal Abundance and Infestation of Fruit Fly, Bactrocera Cucurbitae (COQ.) on Bitter Gourd
Throughout the year, there was an abundance of fruit flies in Cue-lure baited traps. Two peaks; in summer and kharif (Autumn) coincided with the 14 SW and 43 SW respectively. In kharif, maximum bitter gourd fruit damage (62.70%) occurred in the 45 SW. A second peak, with 49.70% fruit damage was observed during the 15 SW period. The temperature (maximum and minimum) showed a significant positive correlation with adult abundance, fruit damage and pupal population. The temperature recorded during the preceding first, second and third weeks had a slightly greater impact than the temperature of the current week in which the fruit fly abundance had been checked. Other abiotic factors had a non-significant effect on fruit fly adult activity, fruit damage and pupal population.
Reduced Herbicide Doses Used Together with Allelopathic Sorghum and Sunflower Water Extracts for Weed Control in Wheat
Authors: Razzaq Abdul , Cheema Zahid , Jabran Khawar , Hussain Mubshar , Farooq Muhammad , Zafar Mohsin 
Published: April 2012

Reduced Herbicide Doses Used Together with Allelopathic Sorghum and Sunflower Water Extracts for Weed Control in WheatWater extracts from allelopathic crops possess the potential to control weeds effectively, especially when used in combination with reduced rates of herbicides. Label doses of different herbicides and their seventy percent reduced doses, were combined with 18 l/ha each of allelopathic sorghum and sunflower water extracts (WE). This combination was sprayed 30 days after sowing (DAS) for weed control in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Maximum reduction in total weed density and dry weight over the control, was recorded in a field sprayed with mesosulfuron + idosulfuron (Atlantis 3.6 WG) at 14.4 g active substance (a.s.)/ha. However, sorghum + sunflower WE each at 18 l/ha combined with doses which had been reduced by 70% of mesosulfuron + idosulfuron (Atlantis 12 EC at 36 g a.s./ha), or metribuzin + phenoxaprop (Bullet 38 SC at 57 g a.s./ha) or mesosulfuron + idosulfuron (Atlantis 3.6 WG at 4.32 g a.s./ha), reduced total weed dry weight by more than 90%, over the control. Sorghum and sunflower water extracts each at 18 l/ha combined with metribuzin + phenoxaprop (Bullet 38 SC at 57 g a.s./ha) produced a maximum number of productive tillers, spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, biological yield and grain yield. Moreover, this treatment was the most economical along with having the maximum net benefits. The results suggested that weeds can be controlled in wheat, for a higher yield, when a 70% reduced herbicide dose is used in combination with allelopathic sorghum and sunflower water extracts.
Does the Development of Alternative Energy Technologies Allow for New Forms of Coopetition?
Authors: Galich Ante , Marz Lutz 
Published: April 2012

Does the Development of Alternative Energy Technologies Allow for New Forms of Coopetition?
The article at hand illustrates how new types of coopetition emerge in the transformation of large technical systems. It builds on the latest literature on coopetition and highlights diverse institutional arrangements for coopetition, their effects on the actual innovation and the potential benefits for the firms involved. In contrast to many incremental innovations, the transformation of large technical systems requires the cooperation of many diverse actors as various resources are needed. This does not only open up the opportunity of new private-private or public-private cooperations but also brings about various new forms of commonly performed practices.
Reliability of Handgrip Strength Test in Basketball Players
Authors: Gerodimos Vassilis 
Published: April 2012

Reliability of Handgrip Strength Test in Basketball Players
Handgrip strength is important in basketball as various movements rely on the continuous use of wrist and digits flexor muscles when catching, holding, shooting and throwing the ball. Therefore, the assessment of handgrip strength is used in prepubertal, adolescent and adult basketball players. The reliability of handgrip strength may be influenced by several factors including age. The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability of handgrip strength in basketball players from childhood to adulthood. Male basketball players (n = 90) were assigned into three groups: prepubertal (9.8 ± 0.7yrs), adolescents (14.4 ± 0.6yrs), and adults (26.1 ± 5.6yrs). Each participant performed three maximal isometric contractions on each hand in two occasions, one day apart. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM) and 95% limits of agreement (LOA) were calculated. The test-retest reliability was high for both preferred (ICC = 0.94 - 0.98) and non-preferred (ICC = 0.96 - 0.98) hands, without differences in reliability among age-groups. The results showed a significant age-related increase (p < 0.05) in absolute and relative handgrip strength irrespective of hand preference. The present results indicate that maximum handgrip strength can be measured reliably, using the Jamar hand dynamometer, in basketball players from childhood to adulthood.
Whole Body Vibration Training is Osteogenic at the Spine in College-Age Men and Women
Authors: Ligouri Gianna , Shoepe Todd , Almstedt Hawley 
Published: April 2012

Whole Body Vibration Training is Osteogenic at the Spine in College-Age Men and Women
Osteoporosis is a chronic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass which is currently challenging the American health care system. Maximizing peak bone mass early in life is a cost-effective method for preventing osteoporosis. Whole body vibration (WBV) is a novel exercise method with the potential to increase bone mass, therefore optimizing peak bone and decreasing the risk for osteoporotic fracture. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate changes in bone mineral density at the hip, spine, and whole body in college-age men and women who underwent a WBV training protocol. Active men (n=6) and women (n=4), ages 18-22 participated in the WBV training; while an additional 14 volunteers (1 male, 13 female) served as controls. All participants completed baseline and follow-up questionnaires to assess health history, physical activity, dietary intake, and menstrual history. The WBV training program, using a Vibraflex 550, incorporated squats, stiff-leg dead lifts, stationary lunges, push-up holds, bent-over rows, and jumps performed on the platform, and occurred 3 times a week, for 12 weeks. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (Hologic Explorer, Waltham, MA, USA) was used to assess bone mineral density (BMD, g/cm2). A two-tailed, t-test identified significantly different changes in BMD between the WBV and control groups at the lateral spine (average change of 0.022 vs. -0.015 g/cm2). The WBV group experienced a 2.7% and 1.0% increase in BMD in the lateral spine and posterior-anterior spine while the control group decreased 1.9% and 0.9%, respectively. Results indicate that 12 weeks of WBV training was osteogenic at the spine in college-age men and women.
The GABPB1 gene A/G polymorphism in Polish rowers
Authors: Maciejewska-Karłowska A. , Leońska-Duniec A. , Cięszczyk P. , Sawczuk M. , Eider J. , Ficek K. , Sawczyn S. 
Published: April 2012

The GABPB1 gene A/G polymorphism in Polish rowers
Nuclear respiratory factor 2 (NRF2), also referred to as the GA-binding protein (GABP) transcription factor, is a key transcriptional activator of many nuclear genes which encode a wide range of mitochondrial enzymes. The variants of the GABPB1 gene encoding the beta1 subunit of NRF2 protein have been associated with physical performance, particularly endurance. The aim of this study was to confirm the possible importance of the A/G polymorphism (rs7181866) in intron 3 of the GABPB1 gene in Polish rowers. The study was carried out on 55 Polish rowers and sedentary individuals, to evaluate the possible relationships between genotype and physical performance. DNA was extracted from buccal cells donated by the subjects. Genotyping was carried out by PCR-RFLP. The results revealed that the frequency of the GABPB1 A/G genotype (89.09% AA; 10.91% AG, 0% GG; vs. 97.69% AA; 2.31% AG; 0.00% GG) %; P = 0.012) and G allele (5.50% vs. 1.17%; P = 0.014) was significantly higher in the rowers compared to controls. The results suggest that the GABPB1 gene can be taken into consideration as a genetic marker in endurance athletes. However, these conclusions should be supported with more experimental studies on other GABPB1 polymorphisms and other genes in elite endurance athletes.
The Use of Match Statistics that Discriminate Between Successful and Unsuccessful Soccer Teams
Authors: Castellano Julen , Casamichana David , Lago Carlos 
Published: April 2012

The Use of Match Statistics that Discriminate Between Successful and Unsuccessful Soccer Teams
Three soccer World Cups were analysed with the aim of identifying the match statistics which best discriminated between winning, drawing and losing teams. The analysis was based on 177 matches played during the three most recent World Cup tournaments: Korea/Japan 2002 (59), Germany 2006 (59) and South Africa 2010 (59). Two categories of variables were studied: 1) those related to attacking play: goals scored, total shots, shots on target, shots off target, ball possession, number of off-sides committed, fouls received and corners; and 2) those related to defence: total shots received, shots on target received, shots off target received, off-sides received, fouls committed, corners against, yellow cards and red cards. Discriminant analysis of these matches revealed the following: (a) the variables related to attacking play that best differentiated between winning, drawing and losing teams were total shots, shots on target and ball possession; and (b) the most discriminating variables related to defence were total shots received and shots on target received. These results suggest that winning, drawing and losing national teams may be discriminated from one another on the basis of variables such as ball possession and the effectiveness of their attacking play. This information may be of benefit to both coaches and players, adding to their knowledge about soccer performance indicators and helping to guide the training process.
The oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of Langhian foraminiferal tests as a paleoecological proxy in a marginal part of the Carpathian Foredeep (Czech Republic)
Authors: Holcová Katarína , Demeny Attila 
Published: April 2012

The oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of Langhian foraminiferal tests as a paleoecological proxy in a marginal part of the Carpathian Foredeep (Czech Republic)Foraminiferal assemblages from three locations of the Moravian part of the Carpathian Foredeep (Kralice, Přemyslovice, Židlochovice) have been studied in order to determine the paleoenvironmental conditions during the Early Badenian (Middle Miocene). Paleobiological characteristics (plankton/benthos-ratio, relative abundances of warm-water plankton species, five-chamberedGloboturborotalitaspp.,Coccolithus pelagicusand high nutrient markers [benthos], test sizes and ranges ofGlobigerinasp. and cibicidoids, Benthic Foraminiferal Oxygen Index) were determined along with stable C and O isotope compositions. The stable isotope compositions show large variabilities indicating sample inhomogeneity in well preserved foraminiferal samples, interpreted as a sign of primary environmental variation and postmortem mixing of tests of different populations and sources. Based on the combined interpretation of paleobiological indicators and isotopic compositions, two theoretical models were established to describe the observed paleobiological and stable isotope data, that were used to categorize the locations studied. Several types of near-shore paleoenvironment were distinguished using the theoretical models: (i) bay influenced by seasonal phytodetritus supply from the continent (Kralice); (ii) dynamic shore characterized by variable isotopic compositions probably due to mixing of indigenous, transported and reworked tests (Přemyslovice); (iii) shore of alternating normal marine and continentally influenced environments (Židlochovice).
BIA: a Discriminative Phrase Alignment Toolkit
Authors: Lambert Patrik , Banchs Rafael 
Published: April 2012

BIA: a Discriminative Phrase Alignment Toolkit
In most statistical machine translation systems, bilingual segments are extracted via word alignment. However, word alignment is performed independently from the requirements of the machine translation task. Furthermore, although phrase-based translation models have replaced word-based translation models nearly ten years ago, word-based models are still widely used for word alignment. In this paper we present the BIA (BIlingual Aligner) toolkit, a suite consisting of a discriminative phrase-based word alignment decoder based on linear alignment models, along with training and tuning tools. In the training phase, relative link probabilities are calculated based on an initial alignment. The tuning of the model weights may be performed directly according to machine translation metrics. We give implementation details and report results of experiments conducted on the Spanish-English Europarl task (with three corpus sizes), on the Chinese-English FBIS task, and on the Chinese-English BTEC task. The BLEU score obtained with BIA alignment is always as good or better than the one obtained with the initial alignment used to train BIA models. In addition, in four out of the five tasks, the BIA toolkit yields the best BLEU score of a collection of ten alignment systems. Finally, usage guidelines are presented.
Effects of human impact on the beds of minor watercourses of the Aegean Island of Icaria (Greece)
Authors: Tsermegas Irena 
Published: April 2012

Effects of human impact on the beds of minor watercourses of the Aegean Island of Icaria (Greece)
The aim of the work was to show the scale of changes of riverbeds in the conditions of Mediterranean climate and many ages of human impact, on the example of Icaria, an island situated in the eastern part of the Aegean Sea. The most altered riverbed fragments were selected and the main types of conversion were defined based on the terrain mapping and the interviews with the inhabitants. They are as follows: the increase in the seasonality of tides, the transformation of the riverbed fragments into paths, the narrowing of the riverbeds, the strengthening of their bottoms and banks, the partitioning of the riverbeds with the proprietary boundaries, the inclusion of the riverbeds into the irrigation system and the creation of infrastructure to be used by watermills. The riverbeds that were altered the most were the ones within villages, up to 400 m above sea level.
Changes described were taking place in stages. In antiquity they concerned only the estuary parts. Until the 1950s they covered arable areas inside the island. After 1970 there followed a drastic diminishing of flows in the riverbeds and there appeared riverbeds with artificial bottoms.
Petri Net Based Specification in the Design of Logic Controllers with Exception Handling Mechanism
Authors: Doligalski Michał , Adamski Marian 
Published: April 2012

Petri Net Based Specification in the Design of Logic Controllers with Exception Handling Mechanism
Hierarchical Petri nets beside UML state machine diagrams, sequentional function charts (SFC) and hierarchical concurrent state machines are common solution for specification of logic controllers. These specification formats provide both concurrency and modeling on multi levels of abstraction (hierarchic approach). But only state machine diagrams supports exceptions handling in direct way. Program model presented in form of state machine diagram may be later transformed into a program in the SFC language or transformed in the Petri Net and implemented in the FPGA structure. Similarity between SFC language and Petri Nets give us lot of tools for analysis such control system. Article presents new approach for exceptions handling in hierarchical Petri nets as formal specification for logic controllers. Proposed method of specification can be used independently or as a part of dual specification (correlated state machine diagram and hierarchical configurable Petri Net).
Limnephilus morsei sp. n., a new species of the genus Limnephilus Leach (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae) from India
Authors: Saini Malkiat , Parey Sajad 
Published: April 2012

Limnephilus morseisp. n., a new species of the genusLimnephilusLeach (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae) from IndiaLimnephilus morseisp. n. from Apharwat (Jammu and Kashmir) is described and illustrated. With this new addition this genus is now represented by three valid species from India.
First report of Dryadaula caucasica (Zagulajev, 1970) from Central Europe and records of further rare tineids (Lepidoptera: Tineidae) in Białowieża Primeval Forest
Authors: Jaworski Tomasz , Plewa Radosław , Hilszczański Jacek 
Published: April 2012

First report ofDryadaula caucasica(Zagulajev, 1970) from Central Europe and records of further rare tineids (Lepidoptera: Tineidae) in Białowieża Primeval ForestDryadaula caucasica(Zagulajev, 1970) (Lepidoptera: Tineidae: Dryadaulinae) is recorded for the first time in Central Europe. Two specimens were collected in Białowieża Forest, NE Poland, by rearing from the sporocarp of bracket fungus and by intercepting the adult moth with the use of a barrier trap. This record ofD. caucasicafrom Poland is the fourth known locality of this species, and is situated more than 1700 km the nearest other known location. Characteristics of the species' habitat, notes on its biology, and a distribution map are presented. New records ofAgnathosia mendicella(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775),Montescardia tessulatellus(Zeller, 1846) andTriaxomera fulvimitrella(Sodoffsky, 1830) from Białowieża Forest are also given.
Solar Wind-Comet Exosphere Interaction. 2. Could the Single-Fluid Gas-Dynamic Model be Applicable to the Rosetta Mission
Authors: Kartalev M. , Dobreva P. , Keremidarska V. , Dryer M. 
Published: April 2012

Solar Wind-Comet Exosphere Interaction. 2. Could the Single-Fluid Gas-Dynamic Model be Applicable to the Rosetta Mission
The capabilities of a single fluid gasdynamic model of solar wind-comet exosphere interaction, presented in the accompanying (Keremidarska et al.) [23], are discussed from the point of view of its potential implementation in interpreting data, expected to be obtained by ROSETTA mission instruments in plasma environments of the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. As an exapmle, some model's predictions of the structure and parameters' distribution in the inner coma of P/Halley are presented and compared with Giotto measurements. Special attention is paid to a possible non-traditional interpretation of the magnetic cavity boundasry, registered by Giotto magnetometer. Possible model's applications are discussed for each of the main expected stages in the evolution of the comet 76P/CG environments during ROSETTA rendezvous with the comet.