bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systemic framework for work accident analysis in judicial procedures
Authors: Martins Moizés , Vidal Mario Cesar R. , dos Santos Grecco Claudio H. , Pacheco Raphael , Fonseca Bernardo B. , Santo Marcello S. , de Carvalho Paulo Victor R. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThis article intends to demonstrate the need for changing analytical methods used in work accidents for judiciary purposes. It proposes to replace the commonly used simplistic model of unsafe act performed by workers, which has been used to invoke admission of guilt on the part of the victim of an accident, without attacking its root cause or preventing future events. The systemic framework for work accident analysis aims to shift the focus of the investigation, analyzing in a broad sense and carefully investigating circumstances by using a sociotechnical approach, especially when it comes to evaluating human performance in real work circumstances, as opposed to the evaluation based on prescribed tasks. Ergonomic modeling techniques are used for a better understanding of real work situations. We use a real accident to demonstrate how an accident analysis report performed by a legal expert witness, using a systemic framework, was able to prevail in the labor court. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Characteristics of snow cover in the Hindukush, Karakoram and Himalaya region using Landsat satellite data
Authors: Butt Mohsin Jamil 
Published: December 2011

AbstractEstimation of snow cover characteristics (snow grain size, snow contamination, snow depth and liquid water content) from satellite data are important components for many hydrological models used for the water resource management. This research aimed to use Landsat ETM+ (Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus) data to estimate the snow pack characteristics in northern Pakistan. The Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI), Snow Contamination Index (SCI) and Snow Grain Size Index (SGI) are applied to estimate the snow cover characteristics in northern Pakistan for the first time. Qualitative maps are generated to show the snow cover distribution, snow contamination concentration and snow grain size distribution over snow cover area. Our results show that NDSI, SCI and SGI can be effectively used to identify snow area, contaminated snow and ageing snow. Furthermore, the results of the current study indicate that in the HKH region 99.8% of the snow is least contaminated whereas 94.50% of the area has fine snow grain size. As no such attempt in the past has been made in northern Pakistan, it is envisaged that the results of this study will be helpful in planning remote sensing data for the water resource management and in characterizing the snow cover for the climate change applications in the region. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improved methods for estimating monthly and growing season ET using METRIC applied to moderate resolution satellite imagery
Authors: Kjaersgaard J. , Allen R. , Irmak A. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractSatellite‐based algorithms based on surface energy balance are now routinely applied to produce evapotranspiration (ET) products on an operational basis for use in water resources management. Landsat satellite imagery, or imagery with similar spatial resolution, is commonly used to produce estimates of ET at field scale because of the presence of an onboard thermal imager and the high spatial resolution of the imagery. The downside of using high‐resolution imagery is less frequent image acquisition. As a result, monthly and ultimately seasonal ET estimates may be based on only one or two satellite image snapshots per month. A potential shortfall in basing integrated ET averages on periodic snapshots from satellites is that local or regional precipitation events antecedent to the satellite images may unduly dominate the ET image, or conversely, effects may be absent from the image, and therefore the image‐based product may not represent evaporation from rainfall averaged over the monthly period. Methods for accounting for precipitation events when interpolating from daily to seasonal or longer periods are presented, including a recently developed soil‐water balance procedure that adjusts the ET derived from the satellite overpass date for background evaporation from soil caused by rainfall over monthly or longer integration periods. The result of the adjustment is an ET image and consequently final ET map that better represents the average evaporative conditions over the period. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simulating the effects of spatial configurations of agricultural ditch drainage networks on surface runoff from agricultural catchments
Authors: Levavasseur F. , Bailly J. S. , Lagacherie P. , Colin F. , Rabotin M. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe study of runoff is a crucial issue because it is closely related to flooding, water quality and erosion. In cultivated catchments, agricultural ditch drainage networks are known to influence runoff. As anthropogenic elements, agricultural ditch drainage networks can therefore be altered to better manage surface runoff in cultivated catchments. However, the relationship between the spatial configuration, i.e. the density and the topology, of agricultural ditch drainage networks and surface runoff in cultivated catchments is not understood. We studied this relationship by using a random network simulator that was coupled to a distributed hydrological model. The simulations explored a large variety of spatial configurations corresponding to a thousand stochastic agricultural ditch drainage networks on a 6.4 km² Mediterranean cultivated catchment. Next, several distributed hydrological functions were used to compute water flow paths and runoff for each simulation. The results showed that (i) denser networks increased the drained volume and the peak discharge and decreased hillslopes runoff, (ii) greater network density did not affect the surface runoff any further above a given network density, (iii) the correlation between network density and runoff was weaker for small subcatchments (< 2 km²) where the variability in the drained area that resulted from changes in agricultural ditch drainage networks increased the variability of runoff and (iv) the actual agricultural ditch drainage network appeared to be well optimized for managing runoff as compared with the simulated networks. Finally, our results highlighted the role of agricultural ditch drainage networks in intercepting and decreasing overland flow on hillslopes and increasing runoff in drainage networks. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Statistical downscaling of extreme daily precipitation, evaporation, and temperature and construction of future scenarios
Authors: Yang Tao , Li Huihui , Wang Weiguang , Xu Chong‐Yu , Yu Zhongbo 
Published: December 2011

AbstractGenerally, the statistical downscaling approaches work less perfectly in reproducing precipitation than temperatures, particularly for the extreme precipitation. This article aimed to testify the capability in downscaling the extreme temperature, evaporation, and precipitation in South China using the statistical downscaling method. Meanwhile, the linkages between the underlying driving forces and the incompetent skills in downscaling precipitation extremes over South China need to be extensively addressed. Toward this end, a statistical downscaling model (SDSM) was built up to construct future scenarios of extreme daily temperature, pan evaporation, and precipitation. The model was thereafter applied to project climate extremes in the Dongjiang River basin in the 21st century from the HadCM3 (Hadley Centre Coupled Model version 3) model under A2 and B2 emission scenarios. The results showed that: (1) The SDSM generally performed fairly well in reproducing the extreme temperature. For the extreme precipitation, the performance of the model was less satisfactory than temperature and evaporation. (2) Both A2 and B2 scenarios projected increases in temperature extremes in all seasons; however, the projections of change in precipitation and evaporation extremes were not consistent with temperature extremes. (3) Skills of SDSM to reproduce the extreme precipitation were very limited. This was partly due to the high randomicity and nonlinearity dominated in extreme precipitation process over the Dongjiang River basin. In pre‐flood seasons (April to June), the mixing of the dry and cold air originated from northern China and the moist warm air releases excessive rainstorms to this basin, while in post‐flood seasons (July to October), the intensive rainstorms are triggered by the tropical system dominated in South China. These unique characteristics collectively account for the incompetent skills of SDSM in reproducing precipitation extremes in South China. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structure, morphology and water flux of a subglacial drainage system, Midtdalsbreen, Norway
Authors: Willis Ian C. , Fitzsimmons Chris D. , Melvold Kjetil , Andreassen Liss M. , Giesen Rianne H. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDigital elevation models of the surface and bed of Midtdalsbreen, Norway are used to calculate subglacial hydraulic potential and infer drainage system structure for a series of subglacial water pressure assumptions ranging from atmospheric to ice overburden. A distributed degree‐day model is used to calculate the spatial distribution of melt on the glacier surface throughout a typical summer, which is accumulated along the various drainage system structures to calculate water fluxes beneath the glacier and exiting the portals for the different water pressure assumptions. In addition, 78 dye‐tracing tests were performed from 33 injection sites and numerous measurements of water discharge were made on the main proglacial streams over several summer melt seasons. Comparison of the calculated drainage system structures and water fluxes with dye tracing results and measured proglacial stream discharges suggests that the temporally and spatially averaged steady‐state water pressures beneath the glacier are ~70% of ice overburden. Analysis of the dye return curves, together with the calculated subglacial water fluxes shows that the main drainage network on the eastern half of the glacier consists of a hydraulically efficient system of broad, low channels (average width/height ratio ≈ 75). The smaller drainage network on the west consists of a hydraulically inefficient distributed system, dominated by channels that are exceptionally broad and very low (average width/height ratio ≈ 350). The even smaller central drainage network also consists of a hydraulically inefficient distributed system, dominated by channels that are very broad and exceptionally low (average width/height ratio ≈ 450). The channels beneath the western and central glacier must be so broad and low that they can essentially be thought of as a linked cavity system. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In vitro wear performance of standard, crosslinked, and vitamin‐E‐blended UHMWPE
Authors: Affatato Saverio , Bracco Pierangiola , Costa Luigi , Villa Tomaso , Quaglini Virginio , Toni Aldo 
Published: December 2011

AbstractCrosslinked vitamin‐E‐stabilized polyethylene acetabular cups were compared with both commercially available conventional and custom‐crosslinked polyethylene acetabular cups in terms of wear behavior, in a hip joint simulator for five millions cycles, using bovine calf serum as lubricant. We correlated the wear experiments results with the chemical characterization of the investigated materials: Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analyses, differential scanning calorimetry, and crosslink density measurements were used to assess the chemical characteristics of the pristine materials. In addition, further FTIR analyses and cyclohexane extraction were carried out after the simulator experiments. Lipids absorption was observed in all tested specimens and it has been shown to strongly affect the results of the wear test. Corrected gravimetric wear measurements showed that vitamin‐E blended, crosslinked polyethylene wore more than the traditional crosslinked polyethylene but exhibited a much lower wear than conventional ultrahigh‐molecular weight polyethylene. The chemical analyses showed that the addition of vitamin E reduced the crosslinking efficiency. Given the correlation between crosslink density and wear resistance, this gave an explanation for the observed wear performances. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2012.
Adopting a feminist perspective is not a linear process
Authors: Wolfe Susan M. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIn this article, I present some of my history and experiences to demonstrate how gender and class affected my career path as a community psychologist. The goal of this article is to show how the internalization of combined gender/class roles influenced my choices, behaviors, and expectations, and how actions of others interacted with my choices and behaviors to contribute to struggles and successes. It illustrates the push‐pull that occurred at an individual level that affected my ability to embrace an alternative perspective. I discuss my encounter with second‐wave feminism, undergoing the shifting identity in the transition from my blue‐collar origins to a white‐collar world, my expectations of sisterhood, and the affect of organizational structures and cultures. I use my experience to suggest themes that might be considered in practicing community psychology and, more specifically, feminist community psychology. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Practicing what we teach? An autobiographical reflection on navigating academia as a single mother
Authors: Schlehofer Michele 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDespite the contributions of feminist theory and practice to improve workplace conditions in various sectors of business and industry, academic workplaces largely remain structured around a traditionally hierarchical, male workplace model and culture, which can inhibit women's career advancement. Using autobiographical narrative, I draw upon my own experiences as a single mother working in the academy to highlight women's acceptance and advancement in the academy. These experiences illustrate many themes pertaining to how women are evaluated at work, differential treatment of female versus male faculty and mothers versus childless women, and women's abilities to balance work and family. I conclude with recommendations for how we as feminist community psychologists can improve our own academic work environments © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mentors, Muses, and mutuality: honoring barbara snell dohrenwend
Authors: Mulvey Anne 
Published: December 2011

AbstractI describe feminist community psychology principles that have the potential to expand and enrich mentoring and that honor Barbara Snell Dohrenwend, a leader who contributed to the research, theory, and profession of community psychology. I reflect on the affect that Barbara Dohrenwend had on life and on the development of feminist community psychology. Examples of peer mentoring between Barbara Dohrenwend's research assistant, John L. Martin, and me are used to illustrate radiating effects of mentoring and interrelationships among forms of mentoring. Feminist community psychology principles discussed in relation to mentoring include mutuality, the power of contexts, and the importance of recognizing and affirming stigmatized and oppressed aspects of identities. The concepts of “muse” (Sullivan, 1996), “public homeplaces,” and “developmental leadership” (Belenky, Bond, & Weistein, 1997) are used to illustrate qualities of feminist community psychology mentoring. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Feminist community psychology: the dynamic co‐creation of identities in multilayered contexts
Authors: Angelique Holly , Mulvey Anne 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIn this special issue, we view the development of feminist community psychology (FCP) as an ongoing project that must be co‐created. This is reflected in articles that focus on authors' unique social locations inside and outside organizations in which they work, critical reflections on their multilayered identities, feminist methodological and pedagogical concerns, and the power of mentoring and social support. Authors discuss ways that critical reflexivity, feminist identities, and pedagogies can influence and be influenced by the practice of community psychology (CP). The intersectionality of identities is highlighted based on marginalized statuses from race/ethnicity, class, and sexuality to motherhood and “otherhood.” Authors also describe FCP practices including efforts to critique structural power asymmetries, reduce hierarchical professional relationships, and incorporate innovative interventions. We argue that these practices have libratory potential capable of creating social change consistent with the values and goals of FCP in particular and CP generally. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Enantioselective determination of triazole fungicide tebuconazole in vegetables, fruits, soil and water by chiral liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Li Yuanbo , Dong Fengshou , Liu Xingang , Xu Jun , Li Jing , Kong Zhiqiang , Chen Xiu , Zheng Yongquan 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA novel and sensitive method was developed for the determination of tebuconazole enantioselectively using reversed‐phase LC‐MS/MS. The separation and determination were performed using on an amylose‐based chiral stationary phase, a Lux 3u Amylose‐2 column (150 mm×2.0 mm), under isocratic conditions at 0.3 mL/min flow rate. A series of chiral stationary phases were investigated and the effect of mobile phase composition on the enantioseparation was discussed. Parameters including the matrix effect, linearity, precision, accuracy and stability were evaluated. Under optimal conditions, the overall mean recoveries for two enantiomers from the soil, tomato, cucumber, pear and apple samples were 79.3–101.1% with 2.8–11.5% intra‐day relative standard deviations (RSDs) and 4.1–8.6% inter‐day RSDs at 5, 25 and 50 μg/kg levels; the mean enantiomer recoveries from the water samples were 89.6–101.9% with 3.3–10.2% intra‐day RSDs and 5.1–7.7% inter‐day RSDs at 0.25, 0.5 and 2.5 μg/kg levels. The limits of detection (LODs) for all enantiomers in tomato, cucumber, pear, apple, soil and water were less than 0.6 μg/kg, whereas the limit of quantification (LOQ) did not exceed 2.0 μg/kg. The results indicate that this proposed method is convenient and reliable for the enantioselective determination of tebuconazole enantiomers in foods and environment samples.
Impacts of introduced grasses on breeding season habitat use by northern bobwhite in the South Texas plains
Authors: Sands Joseph P. , Brennan Leonard A. , Hernández Fidel , Kuvlesky William P. , Gallagher James F. , Ruthven Donald C. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIntroduced grasses may affect diversity of native fauna and flora adversely, and disrupt ecosystem processes. Many rangelands in South Texas have been seeded to or have been colonized by buffelgrass (Pennisetum ciliare) and Lehmann lovegrass (Eragrostis lehmanniana), perennial bunchgrasses native to Africa. The objective of this research was to quantify impacts that these 2 species of introduced grasses may have on northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) habitat use on South Texas rangelands during the breeding period (Apr–Aug). We evaluated the effects of buffelgrass and Lehmann lovegrass on northern bobwhite nest habitat (n = 35 nests) and general habitat use sites (n = 86 radiomarked quail) with logistic regression and habitat selection functions based on simple saddlepoint approximations. Buffelgrass was used as a nesting substrate at 11% of nests; however, vegetation height and visual obstruction between 1 cm and 30 cm were the best predictors of nest site use. Areas of introduced grass coverage ≥15–20% were avoided by northern bobwhites at general habitat use organism‐centered points, but not at nest site use points. Introduced grass coverage and forb coverage were the best predictors of general habitat use, and bobwhites avoided areas with ≥18% introduced grass cover. These results suggest that avoidance of areas with extensive introduced grass cover may indicate a reduction in usable habitat space for northern bobwhite in the western South Texas plains. Maintaining native grass stands while implementing localized control of introduced grasses could be used as a strategy to promote habitat for northern bobwhites. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Pancreatic cancer: Overview of descriptive epidemiology
Authors: Bosetti Cristina , Bertuccio Paola , Negri Eva , La Vecchia Carlo , Zeegers Maurice P. , Boffetta Paolo 
Published: December 2011

AbstractPancreatic cancer mortality rates have been increasing in high‐income countries between the 1950s and the 1980s, and have leveled off or declined thereafter, particularly in men. To provide a global overview of recent pancreatic cancer mortality, we analyzed official death of the world certification data derived from the World Health Organization for 35 European countries and 19 other countries over the period 1980–2007. In 2007, the highest mortality rates from pancreatic cancer were in the Baltic countries, and some central/eastern and northern European countries (over 9.5/100 000 men and 6/100 000 women), whereas the lowest ones were in Latin America and Hong Kong (below 5/100 000 men and 3/100 000 women). Japan, the USA, Russia and the European Union (EU), as well as the largest countries in the EU, had rates around 7–9/100 000 men and 5–6/100 000 women. In the early 2000s, rates have been approximately stable in many European countries, as in the USA, Japan, and Australia. In Nordic countries and the UK, where declines in rates have been observed between the 1980s and the 1990s, mortality from pancreatic cancer has tended to rise over most recent calendar years. Some persisting rises were still found in men from a few countries of southern and central/eastern Europe (with low rates in the past), as well as in the EU overall, and in women from European and Asian countries. Recent trends were generally more favorable in young adults (30–49 yr), suggesting that overall trends are likely to improve in the near future. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Is dietary fat, vitamin D, or folate associated with pancreatic cancer?
Authors: Sanchez G.V. , Weinstein S.J. , Stolzenberg‐Solomon R.Z. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAlthough potentially modifiable risk factors for pancreatic cancer include smoking, obesity, and diabetes, less is known about the extent to which diet affects cancer risk. Recent studies have demonstrated some consistency for dietary fat being associated with elevated pancreatic cancer risk, particularly from animal sources. However, less is known about which fatty acids pose the greatest risk. Vitamin D, due to its endogenous production following UV‐B exposure, is a unique risk factor in that researchers have created several methods to assess its exposure in humans. Studies that measured vitamin D exposure differently have shown inconsistent results. Dietary studies suggest protective associations, whereas studies of circulating 25‐hydroxyvitamin D status show null or positive associations with low or very high concentrations, respectively. Several, but not all epidemiologic studies provide evidence of an inverse relationship between total and/or dietary folate and risk of pancreatic cancer. Protective associations for circulating folate are more often observed among populations with inadequate status. This article reviews the current epidemiological and experimental evidence investigating the relationship of dietary fat, vitamin D, and folate with pancreatic cancer. Additionally the mechanisms by which these risk factors may contribute to cancer, the methodological challenges involved with assessing risk, and other obstacles encountered when ascertaining the magnitude and direction of these three exposures are discussed. Published 2011. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.