bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sentence Production and Sentence Repetition in Autistic Adolescents and Young Adults: Linguistic Sensitivity to Finiteness Marking
Authors: Girolamo Teresa , Ghali Samantha , Larson Caroline 
Published: May 2024

Purpose:
Despite the clinical utility of sentence production and sentence repetition to identify language impairment in autism, little is known about the extent to which these tasks are sensitive to potential language variation. One promising method is strategic scoring, which has good clinical utility for identifying language impairment in nonautistic school-age children across variants of English. This report applies strategic scoring to analyze sentence repetition and sentence production in autistic adolescents and adults.

Method:

Thirty-one diverse autistic adolescents and adults with language impairment (ALI;
n
= 15) and without language impairment (ASD;
n
= 16) completed the Formulated Sentences and Recalling Sentences subtests of the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals–Fifth Edition. Descriptive analyses and regression evaluated effects of scoring condition, group, and scoring condition by group on outcomes, as well as group differences in finiteness marking across utterances and morphosyntactic structures.

Results:
Strategic and unmodified item-level scores were essentially constant on both subtests and significantly lower in the ALI than the ASD group. Only group predicted item-level scores. Group differences were limited to: percent grammatical utterances on Formulated Sentences and percent production of overt structures combined on Sentence Repetition (ALI < ASD).

Discussion:
Findings support the feasibility of strategic scoring for sentence production and sentence repetition to identify language impairment and indicate that potential language variation in finiteness marking did not confound outcomes in this sample. To better understand the clinical utility of strategic scoring, replication with a larger sample varying in age and comparisons with dialect-sensitive measures are needed.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25822336
Advanced Interventional Procedures for Knee Osteoarthritis: What Is the Current Evidence?
Authors: Dalili Danoob , Holzwanger Daniel J. , Fleming Jacob W. , Igbinoba Zenas , Dalili Daniel E. , Beall Douglas P. , Isaac Amanda , Yoon Edward S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe prevalence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the highest among all joints and likely to increase over the coming decades. Advances in the repertoire of diagnostic capabilities of imaging and an expansion in the availability and range of image-guided interventions has led to development of more advanced interventional procedures targeting pain related to OA pain while improving the function of patients presenting with this debilitating condition. We review the spectrum of established advanced interventional procedures for knee OA, describe the techniques used to perform these procedures safely, and discuss the clinical evidence supporting each of them.
Conventional Radiography Assessment of the Pediatric Knee: Pearls and Pitfalls
Authors: Simoni Paolo , Boitsios Grammatina , Saliba Thomas , Cesaro Edoardo , Aparisi Gómez Maria Pilar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractKnee pain is one of the most common indications for radiography in the evaluation of musculoskeletal disorders in children and adolescents. According to international guidelines, knee radiographs should be obtained when there is the suspicion of an effusion, limited motion, pain to palpation, inability to bear weight, mechanical symptoms (such as “locking”), and persistent knee pain after therapy. When indicated, radiographs can provide crucial information for the clinical decision-making process. Because of the developmental changes occurring in the knee during growth, the assessment of knee radiographs can be challenging in children and adolescents. Radiologists unfamiliar with the appearance of the knee on radiographs during skeletal maturation risk overcalling or overlooking bone lesions. Image acquisition techniques and parameters should be adapted to children. This article describes the most common challenges in distinguishing pathology from the normal appearance of knee radiographs in the pediatric population, offering some pearls and pitfalls that can be useful in clinical practice.
Postoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: An Overview and Practical Step-by-step Guide
Authors: Doorschodt Tom C. , Smithuis Frank F. , Helmerhorst Gijs T.T. , Maas Mario 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a frequently encountered injury among athletes, often requiring surgical intervention to restore knee stability. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after ACL reconstruction is common, especially in the evaluation of clinical complications leading to knee instability, decreased range of motion, or pain. This article provides a detailed overview of normal and abnormal postoperative findings including a practical step-by-step guide for MRI assessment. MRI findings must be correlated with surgical technique, time interval from surgery to imaging, and clinical examination.
Ultra-flat bands at large twist angles in group-V twisted bilayer materials
Authors: Que Zhi-Xiong , Li Shu-Zong , Huang Bo , Yang Zhi-Xiong , Zhang Wei-Bing 
Published: May 2024

Flat bands in 2D twisted materials are key to the realization of correlation-related exotic phenomena. However, a flat band often was achieved in the large system with a very small twist angle, which enormously increases the computational and experimental complexity. In this work, we proposed group-V twisted bilayer materials, including P, As, and Sb in the β phase with large twist angles. The band structure of twisted bilayer materials up to 2524 atoms has been investigated by a deep learning method DeepH, which significantly reduces the computational time. Our results show that the bandgap and the flat bandwidth of twisted bilayer β-P, β-As, and β-Sb reduce gradually with the decreasing of twist angle, and the ultra-flat band with bandwidth approaching 0 eV is achieved. Interestingly, we found that a twist angle of 9.43° is sufficient to achieve the band flatness for β-As comparable to that of twist bilayer graphene at the magic angle of 1.08°. Moreover, we also find that the bandgap reduces with decreasing interlayer distance while the flat band is still preserved, which suggests interlayer distance as an effective routine to tune the bandgap of flat band systems. Our research provides a feasible platform for exploring physical phenomena related to flat bands in twisted layered 2D materials.
Early sexual experiences of adolescent men who have sex with men
Authors: Wang Chen , Fairley Christopher K. , Wigan Rebecca , Garland Suzanne M. , Bradshaw Catriona S. , Chen Marcus Y. , Chow Eric P. F. 
Published: May 2024

Background There are limited studies examining the early experiences of adolescent men who have sex with men (MSM), and the magnitude of changes in sexual practice among adolescent MSM is unclear. Therefore, we compared the sexual practice and trajectory among adolescent men who are MSM aged 16–20 years in two cohorts, 5 years apart in Melbourne, Australia. Methods A total of 200 self-identified same-sex attracted men aged 16–20 years were recruited in each of HYPER1 (2010–2012) and HYPER2 (2017–2018) using similar methodology. Men completed a questionnaire about their sexual practices. Men were also asked to report the age of first sex with different sexual activities with men and women. Results Compared to HYPER1, the median age at first sex with men was slightly increased in HYPER2: receiving oral sex (17.2 years in HYPER2 vs 16.5 years in HYPER1), performing oral sex (17.3 years vs 16.4 years), receptive anal sex (18 years vs 17.0 years) and insertive anal sex (18 years vs 17.3 years). Similar patterns were also observed in sexual practice with women: performing oral sex (17.0 years in HYPER2 vs 16.8 years in HYPER1), receiving oral sex (17.0 years vs 16.3 years) and vaginal sex (17.0 years vs 16.7 years). Conclusions In general, there was a small delay in first-sex activity among adolescent MSM between two cohorts 5 years apart. Most adolescent MSM started their sexual practices before the age of 18 years and have engaged in activities that are at risk of HIV and STI. Health education and promotion, including regular sexual health check-ups, are important for HIV and STI prevention and intervention in this population.
Membrane models as a means of propulsion in general relativity: super-luminal warp-drive that satisfies the weak energy condition
Authors: Huey Greg 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Presented are toy-models for sub-luminal and super-luminal warp-drives in 3+1 dimensions. The models are constructed in a chimeric manner—as different bulk space-times separated by thin membranes. The membranes contain perfect-fluid-like stress-energy tensors. The Israel junction conditions relate this stress-energy to a jump in extrinsic curvature across the brane, which in turn manifests as apparent acceleration in the bulk space-times. The acceleration on either side of the brane may be set individually by choice of model parameters. The Weak Energy Condition (WEC) is shown to be satisfied everywhere in both models. Although the branes in these toy models are not compact, it is demonstrated that super-luminal warp-drive is possible that satisfies the WEC. Additionally, the nature of these models provides framework for speculation on a mechanism for transition from sub-luminal to super-luminal warp. It is shown that the difference in extrinsic curvature across a thin membrane can yield a positive contribution to the Landau–Raychaudhuri equation, thus providing a means to evade some super-luminal warp-drive no-go theorems. Neither quantum effects nor stability of the models is considered.
Lorentz contraction of electric field lines for a point charge in uniform motion
Authors: Žugec Petar , Horvatić Davor , Smolić Ivica 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We examine a logical foundation of depicting a Lorentz contraction of a Coulomb field (an electric field of a point charge in uniform motion) by means of the ‘Lorentz contracted’ field lines. Two existing arguments for a contraction of field lines sound appealing and lead to very simple calculations yielding the correct results. However, one of them is a victim to subtle logical weaknesses, as it relies on ascribing a degree of physical reality to the electric field lines. The other one correctly proves what it sets out to prove. But it does not provide a proof, or even a suggestion, of an additional result that can be obtained by a new poof that we present here. Though our idea is very simple, the calculations used to prove it—based on a little known, half a century old result by Tsien—are somewhat more involved than those from past arguments.
A novel Newton method for inverse elastic scattering problems
Authors: Chang Yan , Guo Yukun , Liu Hongyu , Zhang Deyue 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This work is concerned with an inverse elastic scattering problem of identifying the unknown rigid obstacle embedded in an open space filled with a homogeneous and isotropic elastic medium. A Newton-type iteration method relying on the boundary condition is designed to identify the boundary curve of the obstacle. Based on the Helmholtz decomposition and the Fourier–Bessel expansion, we explicitly derive the approximate scattered field and its derivative on each iterative curve. Rigorous mathematical justifications for the proposed method are provided. Numerical examples are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Anti-perovskites for photovoltaics: materials development and challenges
Authors: Kalita Dhiman , Sahu Puspanjali , Manju Unnikrishnan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
For the next-generation solar cells with excellent device efficiency and stability, designing advanced light absorber materials with exceptional optoelectronic properties is extremely crucial. Perovskites have attracted great attention due to their high-power conversion efficiency, and low fabrication cost. Eventhough perovskites achieved the highest efficiency of 25.7% within a decade, lead (Pb) toxicity is one of the main issues that needs to be addressed. Also, they are susceptible to degradation under ambient conditions. On the other hand, anti-perovskites, which are electronically inverted perovskites, possess structural flexibility, environmentally benign chemical composition, appropriate band gap and hence, have the capability to replace perovskites as the absorber layer for next-generation solar cells. Thus, a thorough assessment is urgently required to spark widespread concern in this family of compounds. Based on the current research progress, the potential of anti-perovskites in solar cell research is compiled in this study. The structural variety, optoelectronic characteristics, and uncharted territory of these compounds are covered in great detail. Finally, we have discussed the future research directions for the development of anti-perovskite materials for the next generation efficient and stable solar cells.
A single crystal study of Kagome metals U2Mn3Ge and U2Fe3Ge
Authors: Lin Wanyue , Wu Yuchen , Broyles Christopher , Kong Tai , Ran Sheng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Single crystals of U2Mn3Ge and U2Fe3Ge with a Kagome lattice structure were synthesized using a high-temperature self-flux crystal growth method. The physical properties of these crystals were characterized through measurements of resistivity, magnetism, and specific heat. U2Fe3Ge exhibits ferromagnetic ground state and anomalous Hall effect, and U2Mn3Ge demonstrates a complex magnetic structure. Both compounds exhibit large Sommerfeld coefficient, indicating coexistence of heavy Fermion behaviour with magnetism. Our results suggest that this U2TM3Ge (TM = Mn, Fe, Co) family is a promising platform to investigate the interplay of magnetism, Kondo physics and the Kagome lattice.
Process development and validation of next generation 3D calibration standards for application in optical microscopy
Authors: Hellmich Celina , Heinrich Lena , Hemmleb Matthias , Bütefisch Sebastian , Weimann Thomas , Kroker Stefanie 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A scalable wafer-based fabrication process for a new generation of 3D standards enabling the 3D calibration of optical microscopes is presented and validated. The 3D standards are based on step pyramids with several layers in the µm range and a system of cylindrical knops distributed across the layers as marks for coordinate based calibration. This enables calibration for the three coordinate axes and the orthogonality error between them in a single measurement step. The requirements necessary for such a calibration, as optical non-transparency, reproducible flatness of the pyramid step heights and the lowest possible deviations of the lateral marks coordinates, are met by optimizing the manufacturing process: The deviation of the height steps distributed over the wafer is ±3.6 nm and is primarily caused by the layer deposition processes. The lateral manufacturing accuracy was determined using calibrated scanning electron microscope (SEM) and show a mean deviation of 20 or 60 nm, depending on the lateral size of the structures. The electron beam lithography process and the level of inaccuracy of the SEM standard have an influence on the lateral scaling accuracy. Based on the tactilely generated height values and the coordinates of the mark determined by a calibrated SEM, an example calibration of a confocal laser scanning microscope was successfully performed and showed good conformity to conventional calibration techniques.
PSO-optimized SSLMS adaptive filter for signal denoising of rolling bearings under small sample condition
Authors: Deng Linfeng , Wang Xiaoqiang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
To address the issue that the deep learning-based denoising algorithms can hardly effectively eliminate the background noise under small sample data condition, this paper proposes a new denoising method based on spectral subtraction (SS) and least mean square (LMS) adaptive filtering algorithms. To achieve the adaptive selection for the parameters of SS and LMS algorithms, particle swarm optimization approach is employed to search and optimize the parameters in the two algorithms, which is helpful for the two algorithms to play an important role in eliminating the noise components with the different properties. Subsequently, the SS algorithm and the LMS algorithm are appropriately combined, and the SS-processed signal is input into the LMS algorithm as a desired signal to actualize the LMS adaptive filtering function. In this way, the denoising performance of both algorithms can be maximally utilized, which achieves effective noise reduction in vibration signal. The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are validated through simulation data and rolling bearing experiment data, respectively. The results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly diminishes noise components and retains precise and reliable fault features under small sample data condition, which provides an effective denoising method for rolling bearing vibration signals under small sample data condition in practical engineering scenarios.
Modified

(
n
+
1
)

D Laplacian for smooth pressure reconstruction based on time-resolved velocimetry (1): analysis and numerics
Authors: Zhang Junrong , Sakib Nazmus , Pan Zhao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We analyze a smooth pressure solver based on the ‘modified Poisson equation’:

∇
2

p
+

ξ
2

∂
2

p

∂

t
2

=
f
(
u
(
t
)
)
,

where

p

is the pressure field,

u
(
t
)

is the velocity field measured by time-resolved image velocimetry, and

ξ
2

is a tunable parameter to control the solver’s diffusive behaviour in time. This modified Poisson equation aims at obtaining smooth pressure fields from potentially noisy image velocimetry measurements, and is a part of the current four-dimensional (4D) pressure solver (implemented in, for example, DaVis 10.2) by LaVision. This work focuses on investigating three aspects of the ‘modified Poisson equation’: smoothing effect, error propagation, and drift in time. We first provide rigorous analysis and validate that this solver can sufficiently smooth the computed pressure field by setting a large enough

ξ
2

. However, a large value of

ξ
2

may cause large errors in the reconstructed pressure fields. Then we introduce an upper bound on the error in the reconstructed pressure fields to quantify the error propagation dynamics. Finally, we discuss the potential drift due to the partitioning in time, which is an optional strategy used in LaVision’s current 4D pressure solver to reduce computational costs. Our analysis and validation not only show that careful choice of the parameters (e.g.

ξ
2

) is needed for smooth and accurate pressure field reconstruction but provide theoretical guidelines for parameter tuning when similar pressure solvers are used for time-resolved image velocimetry data.
Research on acoustic methods for buried PE pipeline detection based on LSTM neural networks
Authors: Qi Yongsheng , Wang Xinhua , Yang Xuyun , Sun Tao , Razzaq Izzat , Yang Lin , Wang Yuexin , Rasool Ghulam 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
As an essential component of urban infrastructure construction, polyethylene (PE) pipelines face the challenging task of underground detection due to the complex and dynamic nature of the subsurface environment, diverse installation paths, and the inherent insulating properties of PE materials. In order to address the non-excavation detection of buried PE pipelines, this paper proposes an acoustic method based on the long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network. The study begins by analyzing the propagation and reflection mechanisms of elastic waves in the pipe-soil coupling system, and a impact excitation source is designed to generate the excitation signal. After establishing the experimental environment and collecting experimental data, a comprehensive analysis is conducted, and the LSTM neural network is employed for data classification to determine the presence of buried PE pipelines. Through neural network training, accurate identification of the PE pipeline’s existence and prediction of its burial depth are achieved, providing an efficient and reliable solution for buried PE pipeline detection. The practical results demonstrate the significant application prospects of the combined acoustic method and LSTM neural network in buried PE pipeline detection. This research contributes a novel solution to the field of non-destructive PE pipeline detection, with both theoretical and practical implications.
Low-cost bidirectional coil driver with microamp precision
Authors: Liu Boyao , Allison William 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We describe a compact constant current power supply with µA precision designed to drive coils. The unit generates currents from −125 mA to 125 mA with a load up to 10 Ω using a precision 16-bit digital to analogue converter, driven from a microcontroller (e.g. Raspberry Pi Pico). All power for the unit is derived from the 5 V of the microcontroller. As a demonstration of the capability of the power supply, it was applied to spin manipulation in a helium spin echo system.
A poly(L-lactic Acid)-based flexible piezoelectric energy harvester with micro-zigzag structures
Authors: Liu Yijie , Xue Yi , He Zifeng , Liang Wolin , Yang Jian , Babichuk Ivan S 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) holds great potential for flexible electronics and wearable devices. However, the power conversion efficiency of flexible PEH (fPEH) has often been a limiting factor, especially under variable excitation. Herein, we propose a practical solution: a poly(L-lactic acid)-based fPEH with 3D-printed micro-zigzag structures. This design not only broadens the operational bandwidth and enhances low-frequency response but also offers a tangible improvement in the power conversion efficiency of fPEH. The micro-zigzag structure was designed and fabricated using a digital light processing 3D printing technique with acrylates, a method that is readily accessible to researchers and engineers in the field. Mechanical properties of the 3D-printed acrylic elastomers with different compositions were investigated to obtain the material parameters, and then fPEH with the sandwich structure was fabricated via sputtering and packaging. Subsequently, numerical simulation was conducted on the micro-zigzag structures to determine the structure sizes and oscillation frequencies of fPEH. Finally, four micro-zigzag structures with 3-, 4-, 5- and 6 mm lengths were tested to obtain oscillation frequencies of 51, 37, 22, and 21 Hz consistent with the simulation. The output voltages of fPEH are 11–30 mV with the load ranges of 60–100 MΩ. Stability evaluation showed that the fPEH can work under low frequency (<100 Hz) and broadband conditions. The micro-zigzag structure provided new insights for the design of fPEH, paving the way for more efficient and practical energy harvesting solutions in the future.