bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantification of blood velocity and flow rates in the uterine vessels using echo planar imaging at 0.5 Tesla
Authors: Issa Bashar , Moore Rachel J. , Bowtell Richard W. , Baker Phil N. , Johnson Ian R. , Worthington Brian S. , Gowland Penny A. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPurpose:To measure uterine artery and vein blood velocity and flow rate profiles using MRI during normal pregnancy.Materials and Methods:A two‐shot velocity magnitude‐encoded echo planar imaging (EPI) sequence is used at a magnetic field 0.5T. Data analysis procedures, necessary to overcome problems associated with low signal to noise ratio (SNR), and a spatial resolution comparable to the vessel size were used.Results:The measured blood flow values averaged over nine volunteers for the mean velocity are 5.33 and 3.97 cm/s and for the unilateral flow rate are 203 and 274 mL/min (for the arteries and veins respectively). Values for the flow rate are consistent with ultrasound Doppler studies. Arterial velocity measurements are more pulsatile than venous ones and validation calculations performed on average velocity values would suggest that the nature of blood flow in the uterine vessels is laminar.Conclusion:This study presents the first report of noninvasive quantitative measurements of uterine artery and vein blood velocity and flow rate profiles using MRI during normal pregnancy. Consistent and reproducible measurements have been obtained by subject specific sequence optimization and data analysis procedures. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:921–927. ©2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
k‐space water‐fat decomposition with T2* estimation and multifrequency fat spectrum modeling for ultrashort echo time imaging
Authors: Wang Kang , Yu Huanzhou , Brittain Jean H. , Reeder Scott B. , Du Jiang 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPurpose:To demonstrate the feasibility of combining a chemical shift‐based water‐fat separation method (IDEAL) with a 2D ultrashort echo time (UTE) sequence for imaging and quantification of the short T2 tissues with robust fat suppression.Materials and Methods:A 2D multislice UTE data acquisition scheme was combined with IDEAL processing, including T2* estimation, chemical shift artifacts correction, and multifrequency modeling of the fat spectrum to image short T2 tissues such as the Achilles tendon and meniscus both in vitro and in vivo. The integration of an advanced field map estimation technique into this combined method, such as region growing (RG), is also investigated.Results:The combination of IDEAL with UTE imaging is feasible and excellent water‐fat separation can be achieved for the Achilles tendon and meniscus with simultaneous T2* estimation and chemical shift artifact correction. Multifrequency modeling of the fat spectrum yields more complete water‐fat separation with more accurate correction for chemical shift artifacts. The RG scheme helps to avoid water‐fat swapping.Conclusion:The combination of UTE data acquisition with IDEAL has potential applications in imaging and quantifying short T2 tissues, eliminating the necessity for fat suppression pulses that may directly suppress the short T2 signals. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:1027–1034. ©2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Data‐driven analyses of an fMRI study of a subject experiencing phosphenes
Authors: Missimer John H. , Seitz Rüdiger J. , Kleiser Raimund 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPurpose:To compare two data‐driven methods of statistical image analysis, principal and independent component analysis (PCA, ICA), in identifying neural networks related to the transient occurrence of phosphenes experienced by a female patient subsequent to a brain infarct.Materials and Methods:An initial functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) session consisted of two acquisitions: one of the patient experiencing phosphenes and a second responding to a well‐defined visual stimulation paradigm. A second fMRI session 6 months later, when the patient no longer experienced phosphenes, consisted of an acquisition in which no stimulation was presented. Analysis of correlations between the temporal expression coefficients and models of the hemodynamic response identified salient components. Spectral analysis confirmed the identification. The phosphene model was based solely on the subjective report of the patient.Results:Both methods revealed occipital cortical and subcortical areas known to be sites for visual information‐processing during stimulation, as did SPM. In addition, higher‐order visual areas such as the precuneus and the lateral parietal cortex were implicated in the PCA of the phosphenes.Conclusion:The analyses suggest the capability of data‐driven approaches to identify the brain structures involved in these transient, spontaneous visual events. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:821–828. ©2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Endometrial stromal sarcoma located in the myometrium with a low‐intensity rim on T2‐weighted images: Report of three cases and literature review
Authors: Furukawa Rieko , Akahane Masaaki , Yamada Haruyasu , Kiryu Shigeru , Sato Jiro , Komatsu Shuhei , Inoh Shinichi , Yoshioka Naoki , Maeda Eriko , Takazawa Yutaka , Ohtomo Kuni 
Published: March 2010

AbstractEndometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) most commonly grows from the uterine endometrium into the endometrial cavity; it is rarely located in the myometrium alone, where it may resemble degenerated leiomyoma on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We present three cases of intramyometrial ESS mimicking degenerated leiomyoma, all of which have a characteristic low‐intensity rim on T2‐weighted images. Histopathological examination revealed the rim to consist of fibrous tissue layers and/or a decrease in free water caused by distortion of myometrial tissue following tumor expansion. ESS should be included in the differential diagnosis of intramyometrial mass with low‐intensity rim on T2‐weighted image, especially if the mass shows degeneration with no or mild intratumoral hemorrhage. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:975–979. ©2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An experimental and computational study on the dissociation behavior of hydroxypyridine N‐oxides in atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Butler Matias , Mañez Pau Arroyo , Cabrera Gabriela M. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA tandem mass spectrometric study of protonated isomeric hydroxypyridine N‐oxides was carried out with a hybrid quadrupole/time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer coupled with different atmospheric pressure ionization sources. The behavior observed in the collision‐induced dissociation (CID) mass spectra of the parent cations, was similar irrespective of the source employed. However, there were intrinsic differences in the intensities of the two fragments observed for each isomer. The major fragment because of elimination of a hydroxyl radical, dominated the CID spectra (in contrast with weaker water loss) at different energy thresholds. Therefore, it was possible to differentiate both isomers at collision energies above 13 eV by comparing the ratio of intensities of the major fragment relative to the precursor cation. In addition, quantum chemical calculations at the B3LYP/6‐31 + + G(d,p) level of theory were performed for the protonated isomers of hydroxypyridine N‐oxide and their radical cation products in order to gain insight into the major routes of dissociation. The results suggest that dissociation from the lowest triplet excited state of the protonated species would provide a reasonable rationalization for the difference in behavior of both isomers. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An efficient meshless method based on a new shape function
Authors: Razmjoo Hooman , Movahhedi Masoud , Hakimi Ahmad 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAlthough, the finite element method numerically is efficient it exhibits difficulties whenever the remeshing of the analysis domain must be performed. For such problems, utilizing meshless computation methods is very promising. But, their large computational cost, which arises from following a time‐consuming process to find shape functions, is one of the most important factors limiting the use of these methods. In this paper, we introduce a direct approach, based on properties required for any shape function, to prepare the shape function and propose a new meshless method. The proposed method does not need any predetermined basis or weighting functions and can be performed faster and more efficiently. Another advantage of the introduced method is its capability to apply desirable changes to the shape function. Application of the proposed approach for electrostatic field computation and verification of the obtained results using theoretically known solution is also presented. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cycle‐dependent matrix remodeling gene expression response in fatigue‐loaded rat patellar tendons
Authors: Sun Hui B. , Andarawis‐Puri Nelly , Li Yonghui , Fung David T. , Lee Jonathan Y. , Wang Vincent M. , Basta‐Pljakic Jelena , Leong Daniel J. , Sereysky Jedd B. , Ros Stephen J. , Klug Raymond A. , Braman Jonathan , Schaffler Mitch B. , Jepsen Karl J. , Flatow Evan L. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractExpression profiling of selected matrix remodeling genes was conducted to evaluate differences in molecular response to low‐cycle (100) and high‐cycle (7,200) sub‐failure‐fatigue loading of patellar tendons. Using our previously developed in vivo patellar tendon model, tendons were loaded for 100 or 7,200 cycles and expression of selected metalloproteinases (MMPs), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), and collagens were quantified by real‐time RT‐PCR at 1‐ and 7‐day post‐loading. Expression profiles were also obtained from lacerated tendons as an acute injury model. The high‐cycle group showed upregulation of TIMP‐1, ‐2, Col3a1, and Col5a1, and downregulation TIMP‐4 at both time points, upregulation of MMP‐2 at 7‐day post‐loading and downregulation of MMP‐13 and ‐14 at 1‐day post‐loading, suggesting overall repair/remodeling. In contrast, the low‐cycle loaded group showed upregulation of MMP‐2, ‐3, ‐13, and Col12a1 at both time points, upregulation of TIMP‐1, ‐2, ‐3, Col3a1, and integrin β1 and downregulation of integrin α11 at 1‐day post‐loading and upregulation of Col1a1 at 7‐day post‐loading, consistent with a hypertrophic (adaptive) pattern. Lacerated tendons showed a typical acute wound response with upregulation of all examined remodeling genes. Differences found in tendon response to high‐ and low‐cycle loading are suggestive of the underlying mechanisms associated with a healthy or damaging response. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:1380–1386, 2010
Avoidance of potentially traumatic stimuli mediates the relationship between accumulated lifetime trauma and late‐life depression and anxiety
Authors: Dulin Patrick L. , Passmore Teesha 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis study examined the influence of lifetime accumulated trauma on late‐life mental health in a sample of 1,216 older adults, 65–94 years old, residing in New Zealand. Multiple regression analyses indicated that accumulated trauma predicted both depression and anxiety in this sample. The hypothesis that avoidance of memories and situations surrounding prior trauma mediates relationships between cumulative trauma and depression and anxiety was supported. Avoidance of prior traumatic memories and situations explained 49% of the variance between accumulated trauma and depression and 46% of the variance between accumulated trauma and anxiety. Results also suggest that traumatic experiences during young adulthood and middle age are stronger predictors of anxiety and depression among older adults than trauma experienced in childhood and adolescence.
Four novel mutations in the GCH1 gene of Chinese patients with dopa‐responsive dystonia
Authors: Cao Li , Zheng Lan , Tang Wei‐Guo , Xiao Qin , Zhang Ting , Tang Hui‐Dong , He Song‐Bin , Wang Xi‐Jin , Ding Jian‐Qing , Chen Sheng‐Di 
Published: March 2010

AbstractMutation detection in the guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase I gene (GCH1) was performed from 4 female patients with dopa‐responsive dystonia (DRD). DNA sequencing revealed the presence of four novel mutations including c.2T>C(M1T), c.239G>A(S80N), c.245T>C(L82P), and IVS5+3 del AAGT. These four mutations were not found in 100 genetically unrelated healthy controls with the same ethnic background band. In all 3 childhood‐onset patients, DRD started in the legs, and missense mutations were located in the coding region of GCH1. Deletion mutation in the fifth exon–intron boundary of GCH1 was detected in the adult‐onset patient. Although the data presented here do not provide sufficient evidence to establish a genotype–phenotype correlation of DRD, it is important to know the clinic features and genetic defects of DRD patients, which will help prenatal diagnosis, early diagnosis, evaluate the prognosis, and facilitate causal therapy with levodopa. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
H1/H1 genotype influences symptom severity in corticobasal syndrome
Authors: Litvan Irene , Chism Amanda , Litvan Juan , Cambon Alex , Hutton Michael 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe evaluated 38 consecutive patients with corticobasal syndrome to determine if inheritance of the H1/H1 genotype influences age at onset and disease severity and if Apolipoprotein E e4 increases the risk of cognitive disturbances. Inheritance of the H1/H1 genotype was associated with severity of motor function, but did not affect age at onset or cognition. There was a trend toward shorter survival in the H1/H1 group, but this study was underpowered to test influence on survival, even though it served to estimate the sample size for future studies. ApoE inheritance did not influence cognition. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Sequencing analysis of the ITPR1 gene in a pure autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia series
Authors: van de Leemput Joyce , Wavrant‐De Vrièze Fabienne , Rafferty Ian , Bras Jose M. , Giunti Paola , Fisher Elizabeth MC , Hardy John A. , Singleton Andrew B. , Houlden Henry 
Published: March 2010

AbstractSpinocerebellar ataxia type 15 and 16 (SCA15/16) are autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias that are slowly progressive with a predominantly pure ataxia phenotype (ADCA III). The locus for SCA15 was first mapped to 3p24.2–3pter and subsequently full or partial deletions in the inositol 1,4,5‐triphosphate receptor type 1 (ITPR1) gene were identified in several ADCA III families that segregated with the disease. A single missense coding variant has been described, but the pathogenicity of this change has not been proven. We sequenced the entire coding region and flanking regions of ITPR1 in unrelated ADCA III families (n = 38) that were negative for large deletions on whole genome arrays, and for which SCAs 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 14, 17 and the Friedreich's ataxia expansion were excluded in all probands. Mutation at SCA5, 10, and 27 was also excluded in some families. A number of coding and noncoding polymorphisms were identified but no ITPR1 mutations were found. The results indicate that point mutations in ITPR1 are at best a rare cause of ADCA III. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
A retrospective study of the impact of lifestyle on age at onset of Huntington disease
Authors: Trembath M. Kaye , Horton Zoë A. , Tippett Lynette , Hogg Virginia , Collins Veronica R. , Churchyard Andrew , Velakoulis Dennis , Roxburgh Richard , Delatycki Martin B. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn transgenic mouse models of Huntington disease (HD) environmental enrichment significantly delays disease onset. A questionnaire‐based survey of 154 adults with diagnosed HD (mean 4.2 years postdiagnosis) and a known IT15 CAG repeat length, explored whether premorbid lifestyle may relate to age‐at‐onset (AO). Participants were drawn from HD outpatient clinics in Australia and New Zealand. Premorbid physical, intellectual, and passive activity levels were used to generate scores in the categories of leisure, nonleisure (education, occupation and domestic duties) and total lifestyle. AO was associated with increased CAG repeat length as expected (r = −0.72, P < 0.001), but also with a lifestyle that included higher levels of passive activity (r = −0.38, P < 0.001). Multiple linear regression modeling showed lifestyle passivity to be a variable independent of CAG repeat length in predicting AO (R2 = 0.54, b = −0.22, P = 0.005). Comparison of the mean AO across tertiles of lifestyle passivity scores showed onset 4.6 years (95% CI = 1.3–7.9) later in the least compared with the most passive tertile. CAG repeat length was also shown to predict lifestyle passivity (R2 = 0.12, b = 1.08, P < 0.0005). Neither intellectual nor physical activity showed significant relationships to AO or CAG repeat length in this cohort. Our study leads to two conclusions: that a passive lifestyle may be a preclinical expression of HD, and that it actually contributes to the earlier onset of symptoms. Overcoming the tendency to be passive may substantially delay onset of HD. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Free great toe wrap‐around flap combined with second toe medial flap for reconstruction of completely degloved fingers
Authors: Rui Yongjun , Mi Jingyi , Shi Haifeng , Zhang Zhihai , Yan Hede 
Published: March 2010

AbstractSurgical procedure of great toe wrap‐around flap combined with second toe medial flap free transfer for reconstructing completely degloved fingers was introduced. The treatment outcomes were evaluated. 10 fingers in 7 cases were involved in this series. The great toe wrap‐around flap with dorsalis pedis skin covered the dorsal and most palmar side of the injured finger. The second toe medial flap covered the proximal palmar portion of the finger. The combined flap was revascularized with nerve repair. Rehabilitation started two weeks postoperatively. All flaps survived except one was partial failure due to distal phalange necrosis. Recipient areas achieved primary wound healing in 9 fingers. Skin graft at donor site achieved primary survival except delayed healing in one case. All patients were followed‐up from 34 to 76 months. The appearance of reconstructed fingers was satisfactory. Nail growth well except that one nail was the atrophic and another was defect. Range of active motion in the metacarpophalangeal joint was from 60° to 80° and the proximal interphalange joint was 40° to 70°. Two‐point discrimination was between 8 mm and 12 mm. All patients walked with no interference. There was no pain and no swelling at donor site. According to the results, this procedure is recommended to reconstruct total degolving finger which has intact phalanges and tendons. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 30:449–456, 2010.
A modified technique for hepatic artery reconstruction in living donor liver transplantation
Authors: Okochi Masayuki , Ueda Kazuki , Hirose Taro , Okochi Hiromi , Watanabe Hideaki , Suzuki Yasutoshi , Kajikawa Akiyoshi 
Published: March 2010

AbstractReconstruction of the hepatic artery (HA) is challenging, because there are technical difficulties. Especially, it is difficult to repair the posterior wall. In 2006, we reported an experimental study of the posterior wall first continuous suturing combined with the interrupted suturing and we also confirmed the safety of this procedure. In this article, we report our clinical experiences using this procedure for the HA reconstruction in living‐donor liver transplantation. First, we repaired the posterior wall of the HA with continuous suturing. Then, the anterior wall is repaired with the interrupted suturing using a nylon suture with double needle. Between 2006 and 2009, we performed 13 HA reconstructions using our procedure. In all patients, the HA reconstruction was completed easily and uneventfully without oozing from the posterior wall or postoperative HA thrombosis. Our procedure has the benefits of both continuous and interrupted suturing. We believe that it is useful for reconstruction of the HA in living‐donor liver transplantation. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 30:541–544, 2010.
Ursolic acid, a naturally occurring triterpenoid, suppresses migration and invasion of human breast cancer cells by modulating c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase, Akt and mammalian target of rapamycin signaling
Authors: Yeh Chi‐Tai , Wu Chi‐Hao , Yen Gow‐Chin 
Published: March 2010

AbstractMetastasis is one of the most important factors related to breast cancer therapeutic efficacy. Ursolic acid, a naturally occurring triterpenoid, has various anticancer activities. In this study, we first observed that ursolic acid exerted a dose‐ and time‐dependent inhibitory effect on the migration and invasion of highly metastatic breast MDAMB231 cells at non‐cytotoxic concentrations. This effect was associated with reduced activities of metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) and u‐PA, which correlated with enhanced expression of tissue inhibitor of MMP‐2 and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1, respectively. Ursolic acid suppressed the phosphorylation of Jun N‐terminal kinase, Akt and mammalian target of rapamycin, but had no effect on the phosphorylation of ERK and p38. Ursolic acid also strongly reduced the levels of NFκB p65, c‐Jun and c‐Fos proteins in the nucleus of MDAMB231 cells. A time‐dependent inhibition of the protein levels of Rho‐like GTPases, growth factor receptor‐bound protein 2, Ras and vascular endothelial growth factor in cytosol by ursolic acid treatment was also observed. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the anti‐invasive effects of ursolic acid on MDAMB231 cells might be through the inhibition of Jun N‐terminal kinase, Akt and mammalian target of rapamycin phosphorylation and a reduction of the level of NFκB protein in the nucleus, ultimately leading to downregulation of MMP‐2 and u‐PA expression. These results suggest that ursolic acid has potential as a chemopreventive agent for metastatic breast cancer.
An estimate of the economic burden and premature deaths due to vitamin D deficiency in Canada
Authors: Grant William B. , Schwalfenberg Gerry K. , Genuis Stephen J. , Whiting Susan J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe objective of this work is to estimate the economic burden and premature death rate in Canada attributable to low serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels. Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to many diseases and conditions in addition to bone diseases, including many types of cancer, several bacterial and viral infections, autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Canadians have mean serum 25(OH)D levels averaging 67 nmol/L. The journal literature was searched for papers reporting dose–response relationships for vitamin D indices and disease outcomes. The types of studies useful in this regard include randomized controlled trials, observational, cross‐sectional, and ecological studies, and meta‐analyses. The mortality rates for 2005 were obtained from Statistics Canada. The economic burden data were obtained from Health Canada. The estimated benefits in disease reduction were based on increasing the mean serum 25(OH)D level to 105 nmol/L. It is estimated that the death rate could fall by 37 000 deaths (22 300–52 300 deaths), representing 16.1% (9.7–22.7%) of annuals deaths and the economic burden by 6.9% (3.8–10.0%) or $14.4 billion ($8.0 billion–$20.1 billion) less the cost of the program. It is recommended that Canadian health policy leaders consider measures to increase serum 25(OH)D levels for all Canadians.