bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Voltammetric study of bathocuproine disulphonate/copper system
Authors: Bura‐Nakić Elvira , Crmarić Dora , Cukrov Nuša , Mlakar Marina 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe cathodic stripping voltammetry of copper in the presence of a Cu(I) ligand probe (bathocuproine disulfonate ‐ BCS) is investigated. The Cu(I)‐BCS and Cu(II)‐BCS complexes formed are reduced, at approximately −0.55 V and −0.90 V against Ag/AgCl, respectively. The reduction of Cu(I)‐BCS is accompanied by disproportionation to Cu(0) and Cu(II) and Cu(II)‐BCS reduction to Cu(0) at potentials of about −0.55 V and −0.90 V vs. Ag/AgCl, respectively. The reduction mechanism of both complexes was recognized as an irreversible redox reaction followed by a chemical dissociation reaction (EC mechanism). The BCS ligand shows strong adsorption on the mercury drop electrode and is a selective ligand for Cu(I) ions, especially when EDTA is added to the solution. By extending the applied accumulation time, adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry offers the possibility to study Cu(I) and Cu(II) redox speciation in the nmol concentration range in the environment and in biological matrices.
Evaluation of aesthetic outcomes of mandibular reconstruction using artificial intelligence
Authors: Hidaka Takeaki , Miyamoto Shimpei , Furuse Kiichi , Fukunaga Yutaka , Oshima Azusa , Matsuura Kazuto , Higashino Takuya 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough vascularized bone graft (VBG) transfer is the current standard for mandibular reconstruction, reconstruction with a mandibular reconstruction plate (MRP) and with a soft‐tissue flap (STF) alone remain crucial options for patients with poor general conditions. However, objective aesthetic outcome evaluations for these methods are limited.MethodsIn a retrospective analysis of 65 patients (VBG, 33; MRP, 19; and STF, 13), mandibular asymmetry value was calculated for each patient's photograph using facial recognition AI, with a higher value indicating worse asymmetry.ResultsThe MRP group had a value comparable to the VBG group regardless of mandibular defect types. The STF group had a significantly higher value than the VBG group.ConclusionsRegarding cosmesis, STF was inferior to VBG, whereas MRP was comparable to VBG, even for anterior defects for which rigid reconstruction is mandatory. However, MRP's risks of plate‐related complications limit its use to cases where VBG is contraindicated or with poor prognosis.Level of Evidence4.
Longitudinal associations between attachment representations coded in the adult attachment interview in late adolescence and perceptions of romantic relationship adjustment in adulthood
Authors: Dagan Or , Nivison Marissa D. , Bleil Maria E. , Booth‐LaForce Cathryn , Waters Theodore E. A. , Roisman Glenn I. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIncreasingly, researchers have operationalized Adult Attachment Interview (AAI)‐derived attachment representations as reflecting individual differences in secure base script knowledge (AAIsbs) – the degree to which individuals show awareness of the temporal‐causal schema that summarizes the basic features of seeking and receiving effective support from caregivers when in distress. In a series of pre‐registered analyses, we used AAI transcripts recently re‐coded for AAIsbs and leveraged a new follow‐up assessment of the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development cohort at around age 30 years (479 currently partnered participants; 59% female; 82% White/non‐Hispanic) to assess and compare the links between AAIsbs and traditional AAI coding measures at around age 18 years and self‐reported romantic relationship quality in adulthood. Higher AAIsbs predicted better dyadic adjustment scores in adulthood (r = 0.17) and this association remained significant controlling for other AAI‐derived coding measures, as well as sociodemographic and cognitive functioning covariates. Findings extend previous evidence pointing to the predictive significance of AAIsbs for multiple adult functioning domains.
Confinement as a Tool in Chemistry: Accelerated Intracapsular Dimerization of Cyclopentadiene in Water
Authors: Sam Sunny Amal , Ramamurthy Vaidhyanathan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, the occurrence of Diels–Alder reaction of cyclopentadiene yielding dicyclopentadiene within a confined closed space provided by octa acid (OA) in water at room temperature is established. The Diels–Alder reaction within the OA capsule occurs at least 2000 times faster than in water. Catalysis of Diels–Alder reaction by hosts such as cyclodextrin, cucurbituril, and Fujita's Pd nano–host occurs in water. Despite their similarity, these three hosts provide an open environment where the reactant molecules are exposed to aqueous environment. The only fully closed host known to catalyze the Diels–Alder reaction in water is OA. Although Rebek's host is established to catalyze Diels–Alder reaction it occurs in an organic solvent. The closed environment explored in this presentation provides an opportunity to better understand the origin of non–covalent catalysis in a restricted space and in water. Because the product binds stronger than the reactant, disappointingly, the capsule can't be recycled. We recognize that this aspect needs to be addressed for the OA capsule to become synthetically useful. We are in the process of understanding the origin of catalysis and finding ways to make reaction recyclable.
Diagnosis and treatment of atopic skin syndrome in cats
Authors: Wyatt Eleanor , Buckley Laura 
Published: May 2024

Background: Feline allergic skin disease presents a diagnostic challenge due to the potentially subtle and widely variable clinical presentations known as feline reaction patterns. Cats are often secretive in their pruritic behaviours and so, unlike with canine disease, the clinical history for a cat may not give insight into the presence of pruritus. Once a diagnosis of feline allergic disease is achieved, there are several treatment options available; however, the majority have not been studied extensively in cats and many represent off‐license use.Aim of the article: This article outlines the relevant steps in making a diagnosis of feline atopic skin syndrome and reviews the treatment options available.
Exploring factors that influence the efficacy of functional communication training
Authors: Weber Jessie , Fahmie Tara , Walker Seth , Lambert Joseph , Copeland Bailey , Freetly Thomas , Zangrillo Amanda 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUnderstanding factors that influence the efficacy of functional communication training has both practical and conceptual benefits. The current study extended research in this area by exploring data from 95 consecutive applications of functional communication training with extinction across two independent clinics. We selected candidate predictor variables based on conceptual analysis, conducted preliminary exploratory analyses, and then selectively applied quantitative methods that are used in precision medicine to examine their accuracy and predictive utility. Treatment outcomes were better when challenging behavior was maintained by a single function than they were when it was maintained by multiple functions; however, these differences were most apparent among cases with an escape function. We also analyzed within‐session responding to explore the potential influence of unprogrammed establishing operations on decrements in treatment efficacy. Our within‐session measure only distinguished responders from nonresponders when escape was one of the multiple functions. Additional research is needed to validate these findings with an independent sample and to address a number of clinical conceptual issues.
GelMA‐based hydrogel biomaterial scaffold: A versatile platform for regenerative endodontics
Authors: Huang Lei , Chen Xuan , Yang XiaoXia , Zhang Yinchun , Qiu Xiaoling 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEndodontic therapy, while generally successful, is primarily limited to mature teeth, hence the pressing need to explore regenerative approaches. Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels have emerged as pivotal biomaterials, promising a bright future for dental pulp regeneration. Despite advancements in tissue engineering and biomaterials, achieving true pulp tissue regeneration remains a formidable task. GelMA stands out for its injectability, rapid gelation, and excellent biocompatibility, serving as the cornerstone of scaffold materials. In the pursuit of dental pulp regeneration, GelMA holds significant potential, facilitating the delivery of stem cells, growth factors, and other vital substances crucial for tissue repair. Presently, in the field of dental pulp regeneration, researchers have been diligently utilizing GelMA hydrogels as engineering scaffolds to transport various effective substances to promote pulp regeneration. However, existing research is relatively scattered and lacks comprehensive reviews and summaries. Therefore, the primary objective of this article is to elucidate the application of GelMA hydrogels as regenerative scaffolds in this field, thereby providing clear direction for future researchers. Additionally, this article provides a comprehensive discussion on the synthesis, characterization, and application of GelMA hydrogels in root canal therapy regeneration. Furthermore, it offers new application strategies and profound insights into future challenges, such as optimizing GelMA formulations to mimic the complex microenvironment of pulp tissue and enhancing its integration with host tissues.
Deep reinforcement learning in chemistry: A review
Authors: Sridharan Bhuvanesh , Sinha Animesh , Bardhan Jai , Modee Rohit , Ehara Masahiro , Priyakumar U. Deva 
Published: May 2024

AbstractReinforcement learning (RL) has been applied to various domains in computational chemistry and has found wide‐spread success. In this review, we first motivate the application of RL to chemistry and list some broad application domains, for example, molecule generation, geometry optimization, and retrosynthetic pathway search. We set up some of the formalism associated with reinforcement learning that should help the reader translate their chemistry problems into a form where RL can be used to solve them. We then discuss the solution formulations and algorithms proposed in recent literature for these problems, the advantages of one over the other, together with the necessary details of the RL algorithms they employ. This article should help the reader understand the state of RL applications in chemistry, learn about some relevant actively‐researched open problems, gain insight into how RL can be used to approach them and hopefully inspire innovative RL applications in Chemistry.
A specific natural killer cells phenotypic signature associated to long term elite control of HIV infection
Authors: Rallón Norma , Jiménez‐Carretero Daniel , Restrepo Clara , Ligos José M. , Valentín‐Quiroga Jaime , Mahillo Ignacio , Cabello Alfonso , López‐Collazo Eduardo , Sánchez‐Cabo Fátima , Górgolas Miguel , Estrada Vicente , Benito José M. ,   ECRIS integrated in the Spanish AIDS Research Network
Published: May 2024

AbstractElite controllers (ECs) are an exceptional group of people living with HIV (PLWH) that control HIV replication without therapy. Among the mechanisms involved in this ability, natural killer (NK)‐cells have recently gained much attention. We performed an in‐deep phenotypic analysis of NK‐cells to search for surrogate markers associated with the long term spontaneous control of HIV. Forty‐seven PLWH (22 long‐term EC [PLWH‐long‐term elite controllers (LTECs)], 15 noncontrollers receiving antiretroviral treatment [ART] [PLWH‐onART], and 10 noncontrollers cART‐naïve [PLWH‐offART]), and 20 uninfected controls were included. NK‐cells homeostasis was analyzed by spectral flow cytometry using a panel of 15 different markers. Data were analyzed using FCSExpress and R software for unsupervised multidimensional analysis. Six different subsets of NK‐cells were defined on the basis of CD16 and CD56 expression, and the multidimensional analysis revealed the existence of 68 different NK‐cells clusters based on the expression levels of the 15 different markers. PLWH‐offART presented the highest disturbance of NK‐cells homeostasis and this was not completely restored by long‐term ART. Interestingly, long term spontaneous control of HIV (PLWH‐LTEC group) was associated with a specific profile of NK‐cells homeostasis disturbance, characterized by an increase of CD16dimCD56dim subset when compared to uninfected controls (UC) group and also to offART and onART groups (p < 0.0001 for the global comparison), an increase of clusters C16 and C26 when compared to UC and onART groups (adjusted p‐value < 0.05 for both comparisons), and a decrease of clusters C10 and C20 when compared to all the other groups (adjusted p‐value < 0.05 for all comparisons). These findings may provide clues to elucidate markers of innate immunity with a relevant role in the long‐term control of HIV.
Assessment of Pulmonary Arterial Vascular Impedance in Fetuses With Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Liu Yushan , Xu Ran , Zhou Dan , Yang Yang , Xu Ganqiong , Zeng Shi 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveTo evaluate the vascular impedance of the pulmonary arteries in fetuses with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) by Doppler echocardiography.MethodsA total of 42 fetuses with TOF (TOF group) and 84 gestational age‐matched normal fetuses (control group) were prospectively collected from the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from August 2022 to January 2023. The severity of TOF was classified into mild TOF (z score ≥−2), moderate TOF (−4 < z score < −2), or severe TOF (z score ≤−4) according to the z score value of the pulmonary annulus diameter. The pulsatility index (PI) of the main pulmonary artery (MPA), distal left pulmonary artery (DLPA), and distal right pulmonary artery (DRPA) were measured by pulsed‐wave Doppler. The differences in clinical data and echocardiographic parameters between TOF group, control group, and TOF subgroups were compared.ResultsCompared with the control group, MPA‐PI increased significantly, whereas DLPA‐PI and DRPA‐PI decreased in TOF group (all P < .001). There were no significant differences in MPA‐PI and DRPA‐PI among mild TOF, moderate TOF, and severe TOF (all P > .05). However, DLPA‐PI decreased significantly in severe TOF compared with mild TOF (P < .05).ConclusionFetuses with TOF presented increased vascular impedance in the pulmonary trunk and decreased impedance in distal pulmonary artery branches. Further large and follow‐up studies are needed to demonstrate the associations between those changed vascular impedances and the development of PA in patients with TOF.
Downed wood removal effects on survival and site fidelity of woodrats in a California oak woodland
Authors: Smyser Timothy J. , Hardy Michael A. , Davis Amy J. , Preston William L. , Tietje William D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOwing to the increasing intensity and frequency of wildfires in the western United States, the removal of woody debris (downed dead wood and snags) from fire‐prone landscapes is being evaluated for wildfire mitigation. Consequently, the study of the ecological value of coarse woody debris to sustain dependent species has become of foremost importance. From 2004–2009, we used a before‐after control‐impact (BACI) study design to assess the effects of downed wood removal on a population of big‐eared woodrats (Neotoma macrotis) in an oak woodland (Quercus spp.) in coastal‐central California, USA. Using Pollock's robust design mark‐recapture analyses (with 12 primary capture occasions represented by trapping each spring and fall, and secondary occasions composed of 3 trap nights), we estimated survival and emigration rates. Further, applying mixed‐effects models, we evaluated the effects of 7 habitat attributes on woodrat abundance and reproduction. Following the experimental removal of downed wood from the 11 randomly selected treatment plots, woodrat survival was higher (P = 0.013), and emigration was lower (P = 0.007) among 11 control plots on which downed wood was retained. Woodrat abundance within plots was best predicted by stem density, demonstrating positive demographic associations with habitat complexity. Plot‐level reproductive success (i.e., the presence of juveniles within a plot during spring) was more likely with increasing snag density. These findings indicate that snags and downed dead wood are key components of high‐quality habitat for big‐eared woodrats. Management of woody debris to mitigate wildfire risk should consider the ecological value of this habitat attribute for big‐eared woodrats and other dependent species.
Reactivity and detailed reaction mechanism of quasi‐tetrahedral o‐azophenylboronic acid
Authors: Kuroda Azusa , Suzuki Yota , Shintani Yoshihisa , Sugaya Tomoaki , Ishihara Koji 
Published: May 2024

AbstractQuasi‐tetrahedral o‐azophenylboronic acid (azoB‐ROH), which contains the protic solvent ROH, is a key species in the colorimetric sensing of saccharides by o‐azophenylboronic acid (azoB). In this study, we compared the reactivity of azoB‐ROH with that of trigonal azoB and tetrahedral o‐azophenylboronate (azoB‐OH−), and clarified the reaction mechanism of azoB‐ROH with cis‐1,2‐cyclopentanediol and D‐glucose. Analysis of the kinetics of the reactions of azoB with cis‐1,2‐cyclopentanediol and D‐glucose in DMSO:water = 1:9 and azoB with cis‐1,2‐cyclopentanediol in tetrahydrofuran containing a small amount of methanol revealed that there was not much difference in the reactivity of azoB‐H2O and azoB‐OH−, although the reactivity of azoB was higher than that of azoB‐MeOH, that is, the reaction mechanism of azoB‐H2O was essentially the same as that of azoB‐OH−.
Urbanization intensifies the imbalance between human development and biodiversity conservation: Insights from the coupling analysis of human activities and habitat quality
Authors: Li Le , Wang Na , Hao Zezhou , Sun Bing , Gao Bingtao , Gou Mengmeng , Wang Peng , Pei Nancai 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntensified human activities have been seriously threatening the structure and ecological processes of ecosystems, resulting in habitat degradation. Therefore, coordinating the coupling between human activities and habitat quality (HQ) is crucial for high‐quality sustainable regional development and human well‐being. This study evaluated the human activities and HQ in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) urban agglomeration in China from 2000 to 2020 using the human footprint index (HFI) and the integrated valuation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs model. Then, we employed bivariate spatial autocorrelation and a coupling coordination degree (CCD) model to explore the synergistic relationship between human activities and HQ. The results show that spatial changes in HQ were predominantly driven by human activities. The gradual outward urban expansion resulted in significant HQ degradation. Slight HQ improvement by ecological restoration in urban outskirts cannot offset HQ losses caused by urbanization. During the study period, high‐HQ low‐HFI clusters decreased by 1.02%, while low‐HQ high‐HFI clusters increased by 4.67%, the two main clustering types in the PRD. Despite the CCD between HFI and HQ increased after 2010, the continuous changes of CCD characteristics from the HFI significantly lagged type to the HQ lagged. HFI showed an inverted U‐shaped relationship with CCD. The CCD peaks during 2000–2020 corresponded to HFI decreasing from 0.711 to 0.566. This indicates that the risk of decoupling between human activities and HQ gradually increased. Furthermore, CCD levels and characteristics in different bivariate clusters exhibited varying changes over time. These results reveal that the spatiotemporal dislocation between urbanization and ecological restoration induced the spatial nonstationarity of the coupling relationship between human activities and HQ. Urbanization exacerbates the imbalance between human development and biodiversity conservation. Therefore, we suggest reasonably delimiting urban boundaries, controlling the scale of urban sprawl, and strengthening biodiversity protection in areas undergoing rapid urbanization. In addition, we advocate for the division of ecological barrier zones, urban development buffer zones, and urban built‐up areas, each with tailored management and protection measures. Our findings can provide an important reference for the ecological restoration of urban agglomerations.
Assessing N2 fixation flux and its controlling factors in the (sub)tropical western North Pacific through high‐resolution observations
Authors: Yu Xinran , Wen Zuozhu , Jiang Ruotong , Yang Jin‐Yu Terence , Cao Zhimian , Hong Haizheng , Zhou Yuntao , Shi Dalin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe (sub)tropical western North Pacific is potentially an area of intense nitrogen (N2) fixation in the global ocean, despite limited understanding of the flux and controlling factors. We conducted high‐resolution observations from 2016 to 2021 in this region and used machine learning algorithms to simulate N2 fixation flux. Models estimated an N2 fixation flux from 5.72 to 6.45 Tg N yr−1, with strong seasonal variation and peak rates in summer. The western North Pacific Subtropical Gyre and the Kuroshio Current contributed more to N2 fixation flux than did the adjacent areas. Models suggested that sea surface temperature, photosynthetically available radiation, and nutrient supply were most strongly correlated with seasonal and spatial variations in N2 fixation. This study provides an improved estimation of N2 fixation in the western North Pacific and advances our understanding of its role in ocean productivity.
Linearization of holomorphic Lipschitz functions
Authors: Aron Richard , Dimant Verónica , García‐Lirola Luis C. , Maestre Manuel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLet and be complex Banach spaces with denoting the open unit ball of . This paper studies various aspects of the holomorphic Lipschitz space , endowed with the Lipschitz norm. This space consists of the functions in the intersection of the sets of Lipschitz mappings and of bounded holomorphic mappings, from to . Thanks to the Dixmier–Ng theorem, is indeed a dual space, whose predual shares linearization properties with both the Lipschitz‐free space and Dineen–Mujica predual of . We explore the similarities and differences between these spaces, and combine techniques to study the properties of the space of holomorphic Lipschitz functions. In particular, we get that contains a 1‐complemented subspace isometric to and that has the (metric) approximation property whenever has it. We also analyze when is a subspace of , and we obtain an analog of Godefroy's characterization of functionals with a unique norm preserving extension in the holomorphic Lipschitz context.
Designing product upgrades in the presence of online consumer reviews
Authors: Zhu Yalan , Liang Gongqian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhen consumers decide whether to buy an experience good, they usually search for online reviews to reduce quality uncertainty. In this paper, we consider that consumers may strategically wait for the new generation product and consult reviews of the previous generation product in the same series while facing sequential launching products. We develop a two‐period analytical model analyzing how the presence of intergenerational reviews influences the firm's decision on product upgrades. Our analysis obtains three main findings. First, when online reviews are less efficient and consumers are more strategic, the firm should skip the old product due to the severe product cannibalization effect. Second, negative reviews discourage the firm from quality improvement, and positive reviews drive the firm to provide quality improvement at a high price. Third, the firm chooses a decreasing price path without online reviews. However, an increasing price path is preferred in the presence of online reviews when online reviews are positive, the efficiency of consumer reviews is high, and consumers are more strategic. Our study indicates that online reviews have important influence on product generation design, and the firm should carefully evaluate online reviews of the old product when designing its new generation product.