bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The amount of femorotibial alignment correction through total knee arthroplasty may affect postoperative hindfoot alignment
Authors: Nakayama Tsutomu , Tsukada Sachiyuki , Kagami Yuya , Numajiri Shingo , Kurosaka Kenji , Nishino Masahiro , Hirasawa Naoyuki 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study was performed to investigate the relationship between the amount of femorotibial alignment correction and the amount of improvement of hindfoot alignment in total knee arthroplasty (TKA).MethodsA total of 159 knees undergoing TKA in 120 patients were assessed preoperatively and at 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months postoperatively. Standing hindfoot alignment was evaluated using the leg‐heel angle (LHA). The amount of change in hindfoot alignment was compared between patients with severe varus knee (Group 1) and those with moderate varus, neutral or valgus knee (Group 2).ResultsThe mean values of pre‐ and postoperative hip‐knee‐ankle (HKA) angle were −14 ± 4° and −1 ± 3° in Group 1 and −7 ± 5° and −1 ± 3° in Group 2, respectively. The differences between pre‐ and postoperative LHA were significantly larger in Group 1 than in Group 2 at 2 weeks, 1 month and 3 months postoperatively (p = 0.006, 0.001 and 0.03, respectively). At 6 months postoperatively, no differences were observed between the two groups (p = 0.31).ConclusionThe amount of change in hindfoot alignment was larger in Group 1 than in Group 2 at 2 weeks, 1 month and 3 months after TKA, but there was no significant difference between the two groups at 6 months after TKA.Level of EvidencePrognostic Level II.
Combination of reduced post‐transplant cyclophosphamide and early tacrolimus initiation increases the incidence of chronic graft‐versus‐host disease in human leukocyte antigen‐haploidentical peripheral blood stem‐cell transplantation
Authors: Terao Toshiki , Kondo Takumi , Nakamura Makoto , Takasuka Hiroki , Fujiwara Hideaki , Asada Noboru , Ennishi Daisuke , Nishimori Hisakazu , Fujii Keiko , Fujii Nobuharu , Maeda Yoshinobu , Matsuoka Ken‐ichi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe evaluated the clinical impacts of the concurrent modification of post‐transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) dose and tacrolimus (Tac)‐initiation timing in 61 patients with human leukocyte antigen‐haploidentical transplantation. Reduced‐dose PTCy (80 mg/kg) was associated with a higher incidence of moderate‐to‐severe chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) than standard‐dose PTCy (100 mg/kg) (35.0% vs. 26.6%, p = 0.053). Notably, early‐initiation Tac (day ‐1) increased moderate‐to‐severe chronic GVHD than standard‐initiation Tac (day 5) in the reduced‐dose PTCy group (p = 0.032), whereas Tac‐initiation timing did not impact chronic GVHD in the standard‐dose PTCy group. These data indicate that the combination of reduced‐dose PTCy and early‐initiation Tac can amplify chronic GVHD.
The dynamics of overlapping borrowing in the microcredit sector of Bangladesh
Authors: Osmani Siddiqur Rahman , Khalily Md Abdul Baqui , Hasan Mehadi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOverlapping borrowing – i.e., the practice of taking new loans before old loans have been fully repaid – has become an important phenomenon in the microcredit sector in many developing countries, including Bangladesh. This paper examines the rationale for overlapping and investigates its short‐term and long‐term consequences by using a panel data set that is representative of Bangladesh as a whole. The study finds that it is useful to distinguish between two broad groups of overlapping borrowers who differ in terms of both the rationale of overlapping and its consequences. The first group – consisting of more than half of all overlapping borrowers – uses it as a promotional strategy, to improve their economic conditions without incurring a sharp discrete jump in debt burden. The other group uses it as a coping strategy, to deal with contingencies that compel them to take loans of a non‐productive nature, again by avoiding a sharp discrete jump in the debt burden. Econometric analysis, allowing for the possibility of endogeneity bias, shows that the first group is able to achieve stronger financial viability in the long run in comparison with non‐overlapping microcredit borrowers. The second group, in contrast, does not enjoy any significant improvement in their living conditions, but they are able to stave off any decline that otherwise might have befallen them in the face of shocks. Thus, both groups succeed in their respective goals, which are promotion for the first group and protection for the second. Microcredit has always had this duality of promotion and protection; overlapping borrowing serves to strengthen these functions of microcredit.
Comparing immobilisation devices in gynaecological external beam radiotherapy: improving inter‐fraction reproducibility of pelvic tilt
Authors: Prasad Shimon , Bell Linda J. , Zwan Benjamin , Ko Florence , Blackwell Tayla , Connell Kevin , Stanton Cameron , Shepherd Meegan , Atyeo John , Stevens Mark , Morgia Marita 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe aim was to determine which immobilisation device improved inter‐fraction reproducibly of pelvic tilt and required the least pre‐treatment setup and planning interventions.MethodsSixteen patients were retrospectively reviewed, eight immobilised using the BodyFIX system (BodyFIX®, Elekta, Stockholm, Sweden) and eight using the Butterfly Board (BB) (Bionix Radiation Therapy, Toledo, OH, USA). The daily pre‐treatment images were reviewed to assess setup variations between each patient and groups for pelvic tilt, pubic symphysis, sacral promontory and the fifth lumbar spine (L5).ResultsCompared with the planning CT, pelvic tilt for most patients was within ±2° using the BodyFIX and ± 4° for the BB. The Butterfly Board had a slightly higher variance both for patient‐to‐patient (standard deviation of the systematic error) and day‐to‐day error (standard deviation of the random error). Variance in position between individual patients and the two stabilisation devices were minimal in the anterior–posterior (AP) and superior–inferior (SI) direction for the pubic symphysis, sacral promontory and L5 spine. Re‐imaged fractions due to pelvic tilt reduced by about half when BodyFIX was used (39.1% BB, 19.4% BodyFIX). One patient treated with the BB required a re‐scan for pelvic tilt. Three patients required a re‐scan for body contour variations (two using BodyFIX and one with the BB).ConclusionsBodyFIX resulted in a more accurate inter‐fraction setup and efficient treatment and is used as the standard stabilisation for gynaecological patients at our centre. It reduced the pelvic tilt variance and reduced the need for re‐imaging pre‐treatment by half.
Analysis of the prevalence and clinical features of respiratory syncytial virus infection in a pediatric hospital in Zhejiang Province from 2019 to 2023
Authors: Chen Danlei , Ru Xuanwen , Chen Simiao , Shao Qingyi , Ye Qing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in children in Zhejiang from 2019 to 2023. Data from pediatric patients who visited the Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine for RSV infection between 2019 and 2023 were analyzed. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected for RSV antigen detection, and relevant patient information was collected. Factors such as age were analyzed. A total of 673 094 specimens were included from 2019 to 2023, with a rate of positive specimens of 4.74% (31 929/673 094). The highest rate of positive specimens of 10.82%, was recorded in 2021, while the remaining years had a rate of approximately 3%−5%. In terms of seasonal prevalence characteristics, the rate of positive specimens in 2019, 2020, and 2022 peaked in the winter months at approximately 8% and decreased in the summer months, where the rate of positive specimens remained at approximately 0.5%. In contrast, summer is the peak period for RSV incidence in 2021 and 2023, with the rate of positive specimens being as high as 9%−12%. Based on the prevalence characteristics of gender and age, this study found that the detection rate of positive specimens was higher in boys than in girls in 2019−2023. In 2019−2022, among the different age groups, the highest rate of positive specimens was found in children aged 0 to <6 months, and it decreased with age. In 2023, the rate of positive specimens was above 8% in the 0 to <6 months, 6 to <12 months, and 1−2 years age groups, with the highest rate of positive specimens in the 1−2 years age group, and a gradual decrease in the rate of positive specimens with age for children over 3 years of age. Between 2019 and 2023, the epidemiological pattern of RSV changed. A summer peak was observed in 2021 and 2023.
Fabrication of soy protein–polyphenol covalent complex nanoparticles with improved wettability to stabilize high‐oil‐phase curcumin emulsions
Authors: Xu Jingjing , Ji Fuyun , Luo Shuizhong , Jiang Shaotong , Yu Zhenyu , Ye Aiqian , Zheng Zhi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDRecent studies have shown that the wettability of protein‐based emulsifiers is critical for emulsion stability. However, few studies have been conducted to investigate the effects of varying epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) concentrations on the wettability of protein‐based emulsifiers. Additionally, limited studies have examined the effectiveness of soy protein–EGCG covalent complex nanoparticles with improved wettability as emulsifiers for stabilizing high‐oil‐phase (≥ 30%) curcumin emulsions.RESULTSSoy protein isolate (SPI)–EGCG complex nanoparticles (SPIEn) with improved wettability were fabricated to stabilize high‐oil‐phase curcumin emulsions. The results showed that EGCG forms covalent bonds with SPI, which changes its secondary structure, enhances its surface charge, and improves its wettability. Moreover, SPIEn with 2.0 g L −1 EGCG (SPIEn‐2.0) exhibited a better three‐phase contact angle (56.8 ± 0.3o) and zeta potential (−27 mV) than SPI. SPIEn‐2.0 also facilitated the development of curcumin emulsion gels at an oil volume fraction of 0.5. Specifically, the enhanced network between droplets as a result of the packing effects and SPIEn‐2.0 with inherent antioxidant function was more effective at inhibiting curcumin degradation during long‐term storage and ultraviolet light exposure.CONCLUSIONThe results of the present study indicate that SPIEn with 2.0 g L −1 EGCG (SPIEn‐2.0) comprises the optimum conditions for fabricating emulsifiers with improved wettability. Additionally, SPIEn‐0.2 can improve the physicochemical stability of high‐oil‐phase curcumin emulsions, suggesting a novel strategy to design and fabricate high‐oil‐phase emulsion for encapsulating bioactive compounds. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
The impact of the California state lockdown during the COVID‐19 pandemic on management of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Oviedo Parisa , Burns Shohei , Chen Wen‐Pin , Mandl Hanna K. , Rosso Claudia , Radgoudarzi Niloofar , Crosetti Anna , Zamora Steven , Perry Lauren M. , Bold Richard J. , Labora Amanda N. , Donahue Timothy R. , Maker Ajay , Valerin Jennifer B. , Zell Jason A. , White Rebekah R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe SARS‐COVID‐19 pandemic significantly limited healthcare access. We sought to evaluate whether California's lockdown in March 2020 affected staging and time to treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We hypothesized that patients diagnosed after the lockdown would have longer time to treatment and higher stage at presentation.MethodsWe retrospectively identified and categorized 1294 patients presenting to five University of California healthcare systems with a new diagnosis of PDAC into “pre‐lockdown” and “post‐lockdown” groups based on timing of pathologic diagnosis.ResultsIn the 12 months pre‐lockdown, 835 patients were diagnosed with PDAC, and 459 patients in the 6 months post‐lockdown. Demographics, staging, and treatment type were similar between eras. There was a decreased male:female ratio post‐ versus pre‐lockdown (0.97 vs. 1.25; p = 0.03). Time from symptom onset to first treatment was significantly increased among females post‐lockdown (p = 0.001). However, overall time from diagnosis to first treatment was shorter in the post‐lockdown era (median 23 vs. 26 days, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe COVID‐19 lockdown did not significantly delay initial presentation, diagnosis, or treatment of newly diagnosed PDAC patients. Time from diagnosis to first treatment was shorter post‐lockdown. Reduced healthcare utilization for minor complaints and increased telehealth utilization may have contributed.
A Hybrid Lens to Realize Electrical Real‐Time Super‐Resolution Imaging
Authors: Chen Jin , Huang Shao Xin , Chan Ka Fai , Wu Geng‐Bo , Chan Chi Hou 
Published: June 2024

AbstractReal‐time dynamic super‐resolution focusing technology is crucial for various imaging applications. However, the diffraction limit significantly impedes the achievement of real‐time dynamic super‐resolution imaging. Prior studies within this domain, such as super‐resolution fluorescence imaging and structured illumination microscopy, heavily rely on fluorescent labels and intricate algorithms. This article proposes a novel approach to achieving real‐time dynamic super‐resolution imaging at microwave frequency by integrating the Mikaelian lens derived from conformal transformation optics with the space‐time‐coding metasurface antenna. Real‐time dynamic super‐resolution focusing with a resolution ranging from 0.3λ to 0.4λ is demonstrated at the periphery of the Mikaelian lens with a numerical aperture (NA) of 0.54. The proposed hybrid lens exhibits the capacity to discern features separated by about one‐third of a wavelength with high precision. The work offers a universal solution for achieving dynamic real‐time super‐resolution imaging electrically, which can be extended to terahertz waves, visible light, and other wave fields, such as acoustic and flexural waves.
The Complete Inpatient Record Using Comprehensive Electronic Data (CIRCE) project: A team‐based approach to clinically validated, research‐ready electronic health record data
Authors: Schneider Andrea L. C. , Ginestra Jennifer C. , Kerlin Meeta Prasad , Shashaty Michael G. S. , Miano Todd A. , Herman Daniel S. , Mitchell Oscar J. L. , Bennett Rachel , Moffett Alexander T. , Chandler John , Kalanuria Atul , Faraji Zahra , Bishop Nicholas S. , Schmid Benjamin , Chen Angela T. , Bowles Kathryn H. , Joseph Thomas , Kohn Rachel , Kelz Rachel R. , Anesi George L. , Kumar Monisha , Friedman Ari B. , Vail Emily , Meyer Nuala J. , Himes Blanca E. , Weissman Gary E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe rapid adoption of electronic health record (EHR) systems has resulted in extensive archives of data relevant to clinical research, hospital operations, and the development of learning health systems. However, EHR data are not frequently available, cleaned, standardized, validated, and ready for use by stakeholders. We describe an in‐progress effort to overcome these challenges with cooperative, systematic data extraction and validation.MethodsA multi‐disciplinary team of investigators collaborated to create the Complete Inpatient Record Using Comprehensive Electronic Data (CIRCE) Project dataset, which captures EHR data from six hospitals within the University of Pennsylvania Health System. Analysts and clinical researchers jointly iteratively reviewed SQL queries and their output to validate desired data elements. Data from patients aged ≥18 years with at least one encounter at an acute care hospital or hospice occurring since 7/1/2017 were included. The CIRCE Project includes three layers: (1) raw data comprised of direct SQL query output, (2) cleaned data with errors removed, and (3) transformed data with standardized implementations of commonly used case definitions and clinical scores.ResultsBetween July 1, 2017 and December 31, 2023, the dataset captured 1 629 920 encounters from 740 035 patients. Most encounters were emergency department only visits (n = 965 834, 59.3%), followed by inpatient admissions without an intensive care unit admission (n = 518 367, 23.7%). The median age was 46.9 years (25th–75th percentiles = 31.1–64.7) at the time of the first encounter. Most patients were female (n = 418 303, 56.5%), a significant proportion were of non‐White race (n = 272 018, 36.8%), and 54 625 (7.4%) were of Hispanic/Latino ethnicity.ConclusionsThe CIRCE Project represents a novel cooperative research model to capture clinically validated EHR data from a large diverse academic health system in the greater Philadelphia region and is designed to facilitate collaboration and data sharing to support learning health system activities. Ultimately, these data will be de‐identified and converted to a publicly available resource.
Estrogen influences the transzonal projection assembly of cumulus‐oocyte complexes through G protein‐coupled estrogen receptor during goat follicle development
Authors: Xu Rui , Wen Dongxu , Yin Lu , Tang Yaju , Lu Sihai , Gao Yan , Pan Meng‐Hao , Han Bin , Ma Baohua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEstrogen is an important hormone that plays a role in regulating follicle development and oocyte maturation. Transzonal projections (TZPs) act as communication bridges between follicle somatic cells and oocytes, and their dynamic changes are critical for oocyte development and maturation. However, the roles and mechanisms of estrogen in regulating TZPs during follicular development are not yet understood. We found that the proportion of oocytes spontaneously resuming meiosis increases as the follicle grows, which is accompanied by rising estrogen levels in follicles and decreasing TZPs in cumulus‐oocyte complex. To further explore the effect of elevated estrogen levels on TZP assembly, additional estrogen was added to the culture system. The increased estrogen level significantly decreased the mRNA and protein expression levels of TZP assembly‐related genes. Subsequent research revealed that TZP regulation by estrogen was mediated by the membrane receptor GPER and downstream ERK1/2 signaling pathway. In summary, our study suggests that estrogen may regulate goat oocyte meiosis arrest by decreasing TZP numbers via estrogen‐mediated GPER activation during follicle development.
Local reduced subspaces of subchannel‐inspired subdomains
Authors: Ruan Shenhui , Yanez Jorge , Class Andreas G. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this article, we study an update of the traditional subchannel approximation utilizing local reduced order bases. Through employing the symmetries and periodicity of a 7‐pin bundle, the global domain is decomposed into numerous repeating subdomains following several dividing strategies. We locally study the reduced basis generated by proper orthogonal decomposition. We analyze the similarities, assessing the truncation error and the distance between the linear subspaces spanned by the reduced bases. We focus on the first stage of building a reduced order model, the generation of the reduced subspace, which is usually not regarded in detail in our application problem. Our assessment related to flow blockage in liquid metal‐cooled nuclear reactors, a postulated high‐risk accident that results in potential fuel damage.
How can we approach preoperative frailty and related factors in patients with cancer? A scoping review
Authors: Jeon Misun , Lee Sang Hwa , Jang Ji Yoon , Kim Sanghee 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimTo identify factors related to preoperative frailty in patients with cancer and map the tools that measure frailty.DesignA Scoping review.MethodsThis scoping review based on Arksey and O'Malley's framework. Articles from CINAHL, PubMed, EMBASE, and PsycINFO databases published between January 2011 and April 2021. The searched keywords were concepts related to ‘cancer’, ‘frailty’ and ‘measurement’.ResultsWhile 728 records were initially identified, 24 studies were eventually selected. Research on frailty was actively conducted between 2020 and 2021. Factors related to preoperative frailty were age (22.9%), sex (11.4%), body mass index (11.4%) and physical status indicators (54.3%). The most common result of preoperative frailty was postoperative complications (35.0%). 24 instruments were used to measure frailty.Implications for Patient CareSelecting an appropriate preoperative frailty screening tool can help improve patient postoperative treatment outcomes.ImpactThere are many instruments for assessing preoperative frailty, each evaluating a multi‐dimensional feature. We identified the frailty screening tools used today, organized the factors that affect frailty, and explored the impact of frailty. Identifying and organizing frailty measurement tools will enable appropriate evaluation.Reporting MethodPRISMA‐ScR.Patient ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
The Prognostic Implications of Neutrophil‐to‐Lymphocyte Ratio in Olfactory Neuroblastoma
Authors: Mocharnuk Joseph , Daniels Kelly E. , Filimonov Andrey , North Lauren M. , Gardner Paul A. , Wang Eric W. , Snyderman Carl H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveOlfactory neuroblastoma is a rare sinonasal malignancy with comparatively positive prognosis and survival, but with a range of biological behaviors that can be difficult to prognosticate with current means of risk stratification. Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been found across a diverse range of malignancies to be associated with poorer outcomes. This paper aims to elucidate the relationship of NLR with olfactory neuroblastoma to assess its prognostic value in this setting.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.SettingA single tertiary care academic hospital.MethodsThe study cohort included all patients treated for initial presentation of olfactory neuroblastoma from 2004 to 2020. NLR was calculated from preoperative labs, and each patient was evaluated for Kadish staging, Hyams grade, intraoperative positive margin, use of adjuvant therapy, posttreatment recurrence, and death. All statistical analysis was conducted using R and relationship between NLR and variables was assessed via binomial logistic regression.ResultsForty‐four patients were included, 24 were male. Average age 52.8, average length of follow‐up was 9.6 years. Patients were grouped by low (Kadish A/B) and advanced (Kadish C/D) stage, n = 23 and n = 21, respectively, and low (Hyams I/II) and high (Hyams III/IV) risk, n = 15 and n = 11, respectively. Advanced Kadish stage was associated with elevated NLR, odds ratio 5.69 [2.30, 20.7], P = .001. No other variables were associated with elevated NLR including Hyams grade, margin status, recurrence, and mortality.ConclusionHigher Kadish grade is associated with elevated NLR which may provide novel prognostic value to current risk‐stratifying systems.