bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Periodontitis and Hemorrhagic Stroke Among Koreans: A Case‐Control Study
Authors: Kim Hyun‐Duck , Sim Seon‐Ju , Moon Ja‐Young , Hong Yoon‐Chul , Han Dong‐Hun 
Published: April 2010

Background: Several studies suggested that periodontitis is a risk factor for stroke, but the relationship between periodontitis and hemorrhagic stroke has not been widely reported. This study aims to evaluate the association between periodontitis and hemorrhagic stroke and to identify the risk group for this association.Methods: We recruited 165 patients who were diagnosed via computed tomography brain imaging as having had a hemorrhagic stroke and 214 non‐stroke control subjects for a case‐control study. All participants underwent a clinical periodontal examination using clinical attachment level (CAL) as a marker. Information about sociodemographic factors, behavioral factors, systemic health, and a familial history of systemic health was gathered through an interview using structured questionnaires. The association between periodontitis and hemorrhagic stroke was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analyses with adjustment for age, gender, income, education, hypertension, diabetes, body mass index, cardiac disease, familial hypertension history, familial diabetes history, familial cardiac disease history, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Subgroup analyses were also performed to investigate potential risk groups.Results: After controlling for potential confounders, periodontitis (CAL ≥6 mm) was found to be significantly associated with hemorrhagic stroke (odds ratio: 2.5; 95% confidence interval: 1.1 to 5.6), but this association did not exhibit a dose‐dependent response for periodontitis (percentile of sites of periodontal pockets with CAL ≥5 mm among total probed pockets). The association between periodontitis (CAL ≥6 mm) and hemorrhagic stroke was significant for males, patients who had a lower income than control subjects, obese patients, and patients without diabetes.Conclusions: Periodontitis may be an independent risk factor for hemorrhagic stroke. Risk groups include males, patients without diabetes, and obese subjects.
Salivary‐Soluble CD44 Levels in Smokers and Non‐Smokers With Chronic Periodontitis: A Pilot Study
Authors: Ghallab Noha , Shaker Olfat 
Published: April 2010

Background: Smoking is the most important environmental risk factor for periodontal disease. Elevated levels of serum‐soluble CD44 (sCD44) have been detected in smokers and also have been recognized as a diagnostic marker in some smoking‐induced diseases. The present study investigates the salivary sCD44 profiles of smokers and non‐smokers with and without chronic periodontitis in response to scaling and root planing (SRP).Methods: The study included 44 subjects divided into two groups: 22 patients with chronic periodontitis and 22 periodontally healthy subjects. Both groups were equally subdivided into smokers (n = 11) and non‐smokers (n = 11). Plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, and clinical attachment level were recorded only for chronic periodontitis patients. Salivary samples were collected from all 44 patients at baseline and after 1 month of SRP from the 22 chronic periodontitis patients. Assay for salivary sCD44 was carried out by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.Results: Baseline salivary sCD44 profiles were significantly higher when smokers were compared to non‐smokers in both chronic periodontitis patients and the control subjects (P <0.001) with the highest levels recorded in smokers within the chronic periodontitis group. There was a significant decline in salivary sCD44 levels after treatment in the chronic periodontitis group for both smokers and non‐smokers (P <0.01); however, the difference between groups was insignificant.Conclusions: Salivary sCD44 might be considered a biomarker of periodontal destruction in smokers and non‐smokers. The research opens the door to further research into a role for CD44 as a diagnostic marker for periodontitis.
Classification of Dental Surface Defects in Areas of Gingival Recession
Authors: Pini‐Prato Giovanpaolo , Franceschi Debora , Cairo Francesco , Nieri Michele , Rotundo Roberto 
Published: April 2010

Background: A clinical classification of surface defects in gingival recession area is proposed.Methods: Two factors were evaluated to set up a classification system: presence (A) or absence (B) of cemento‐enamel junction (CEJ) and presence (+) or absence (−) of dental surface discrepancy caused by abrasion (step). Four classes (A+, A−, B+, and B−) were identified on the basis of these variables. To validate the classification three different calibrated examiners applied the proposed classification system to 46 gingival recessions and κ statistics were performed. The classification was used on 1,010 gingival recessions from 353 patients to examine the distribution of the four classes.Results: The κ statistics for intrarater agreement ranged from 0.74 to 0.95 (almost perfect agreement), whereas interrater agreement ranged from 0.26 to 0.59 (moderate agreement). Out of 1,010 exposed root surfaces associated with gingival recession, 144 showed an identifiable CEJ associated with a root surface defect (Class A+, 14%); 469 an identifiable CEJ without any associated step (Class A−, 46%); 244 an unidentifiable CEJ with a step (Class B+, 24%); and 153 an unidentifiable CEJ without any associated step (Class B−, 15%).Conclusion: The proposed classification describes the dental surface defects that are of paramount importance in diagnosing gingival recession areas.
Ten‐Year Results After Connective Tissue Grafts and Guided Tissue Regeneration for Root Coverage
Authors: Nickles Katrin , Ratka‐Krüger Petra , Neukranz Eric , Raetzke Peter , Eickholz Peter 
Published: April 2010

Background: This study clinically evaluates the 10‐year results of connective tissue graft (CTG) and guided tissue regeneration (GTR) therapies using bioabsorbable barriers for root coverage (i.e., the reduction of recession depth).Methods: In 15 patients, 38 Miller Class I and II recessions were treated. Recession defects received a CTG or GTR by random assignment. At baseline (immediately prior to surgery) and 6 and 120 ± 12 months after surgery, clinical parameters were obtained.Results: Nine patients, who contributed 24 recession defects, were available for re‐examination at 120 ± 12 months. Six and 120 ± 12 months after receiving a CTG, statistically significant (P <0.05) root coverage was observed compared to baseline root coverage (6 months: 3.07 ± 1.74 mm; 120 ± 12 months: 2.07 ± 1.89 mm). The GTR therapy resulted in statistically significant root coverage compared to baseline root coverage only after 6 months (2.28 ± 1.77 mm; P <0.05). Both groups experienced a statistically significant loss of coverage from 6 to 120 ± 12 months (CTG: −1.0 ± 0.78 mm; GTR: −2.03 ± 2.24 mm). At 120 ± 12 months after CTG surgery, the stability of root coverage was statistically significantly better than 120 ± 12 months after GTR surgery (P = 0.002). The CTG caused more post‐surgical discomfort (P <0.05), but it resulted in a better treatment outcome (P <0.05) than GTR as perceived by patients.Conclusion: The long‐term stability of root coverage (i.e., the reduction of recession depth) and esthetic results perceived by patients were significantly better 10 years after CTG surgery, statistically, than after GTR surgery using bioabsorbable barriers.
Short Implants in Maxillae and Mandibles: A Retrospective Study With 1 to 8 Years of Follow‐Up
Authors: Anitua Eduardo , Orive Gorka 
Published: April 2010

Background: The aims of this study are to evaluate the long‐term survival rates of short dental implants in posterior areas in both jaws and analyze the influence of different factors on implant survival.Methods: A retrospective cohort study design was used. Six hundred and sixty‐one patients received 1,287 short implants (<8.5 mm) between 2001 to 2008 in Vitoria, Spain. All implant installations were performed by two experienced surgeons and rehabilitations were done by three prosthodontists. Each implant failure was carefully analyzed. The potential influence of demographic factors, clinical factors, surgery‐depending factors, and prosthetic variables on implant survival was studied. Implant survival was analyzed using a life table analysis (Wilcoxon [Gehan] test).Results: The overall survival rates of short implants were 99.3% and 98.8% for the implant and subject‐based analysis, respectively. The mean follow‐up period for the implants was 47.9 ± 24.46 months. A total of 9 out of 1,287 implants were lost during the observation period. None of the variables studied resulted in statistical association with implant failure because of the low number of failures.Conclusion: Results of the present retrospective study show that treatment with short implants can be considered safe and predictable if used under strict clinical protocols.
Management of a Perplexing Sinus Lift Complication
Authors: Greenstein Gary , Cavallaro John 
Published: April 2010

Background: This case report describes a dilemma that occurred after a maxillary right lateral window sinus lift was performed. The patient developed a gnawing pain in the sinus region but manifested no signs of sinusitis, and the subjacent teeth were asymptomatic. Differentiating between a pain that could be originating in the maxillary sinus or adjacent premolars was problematic.Methods: After several weeks, a CT scan revealed no signs of sinusitis, despite the patient's belief that her discomfort was caused by her sinus lift. By the process of elimination, the decision was made to extract subjacent, asymptomatic premolars that had 50% bone loss and were previously endodontically treated.Results: Extraction of asymptomatic premolars resulted in total elimination of her pain.Conclusions: A differential diagnosis with regard to the source of the patient's pain had to be arrived at by the process of elimination rather than by validation. Confirmation that there was no sinus infection facilitated making the decision to remove asymptomatic premolars.
Association Between Periodontal Disease and Prostate‐Specific Antigen Levels in Chronic Prostatitis Patients
Authors: Joshi Nishant , Bissada Nabil F. , Bodner Donald , MacLennan Gregory T. , Narendran Sena , Jurevic Rick , Skillicorn Robert 
Published: April 2010

Background: Prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) is an inflammatory marker produced by the epithelial cells of the prostate acini. In the presence of inflammation or malignancy of the prostate, PSA levels are ≥4 ng/ml. This preliminary study was conducted to evaluate any association between periodontitis and PSA levels in chronic prostatitis patients.Methods: Thirty‐five subjects who underwent prostate biopsy because of abnormal findings on digital rectal examination or elevated PSA (≥4 ng/ml) participated in the study. Plaque and gingival indices, bleeding on probing, probing depth, and clinical attachment level (CAL) were determined. Two‐sided independent sample t tests assessed any significant differences in the PSA levels between and among the groups of prostatitis and periodontitis.Results: Mean PSA levels were significantly higher (P = 0.04) in subjects with moderate/severe prostate inflammation than those with none/mild (8.8 ± 5.8 versus 5.7 ± 3.1 ng/ml). Subjects with CAL ≥2.7 mm had higher but not statistically significant PSA levels than those with CAL <2.7 mm (7.7 ± 5.2 versus 5.7 ± 3.2 ng/ml), respectively. Individuals having both moderate/severe prostatitis and CAL ≥2.7 mm (10.8 ± 7 ng/ml) had significantly higher mean PSA levels (P = 0.05) than those with neither condition (5.6 ± 3.7 ng/ml) nor only CAL ≥2.7 mm (5.7 ± 2.4 ng/ml) or moderate/severe prostatitis (6 ± 1.9 ng/ml).Conclusion: Subjects having comorbidity of CAL ≥2.7 mm and moderate/severe prostatitis have higher PSA levels than those with either condition alone.
Peroxisome Proliferator‐Activated Receptor Gamma Polymorphism and Periodontitis in Pregnant Japanese Women
Authors: Hirano Emi , Sugita Noriko , Kikuchi Akira , Shimada Yasuko , Sasahara Jun , Iwanaga Ruriko , Tanaka Kenichi , Yoshie Hiromasa 
Published: April 2010

Background: Recent studies suggest an association between maternal periodontitis and preterm birth, although the association remains controversial. It was suggested that mechanisms such as a genetic predisposition for a hyperinflammatory response cause periodontitis and preterm births. Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a nuclear hormone receptor and ligand‐dependent transcription factor. PPARγ inhibits the transcriptional activity of the genes that produce proinflammatory mediators and repress periodontitis. Recently, a common polymorphism, proline(PRO)‐to‐alanine(ALA) mutation at codon12 in exonB (Pro12Ala: rs 1801282) PPARγ, was reported to reduce the ability to transactivate responsive promoters. In this study, we tested whether the PPARγPro12Ala polymorphism was associated with maternal periodontitis and/or preterm birth.Methods: Genomic DNA was isolated from the venous blood of pregnant Japanese women (term birth: n = 72; preterm birth: n = 58). The PPARγPro12Ala genotype was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–restriction fragment length polymorphism. Within 5 days after labor, clinical periodontal parameters were evaluated, and periodontopathic bacteria from the subgingival plaque were detected by species‐specific PCR.Results: The mean clinical attachment level (P = 0.012), mean probing depth (P = 0.031), mean gingival index (P = 0.037), and percentages of sites with bleeding on probing (P = 0.041) in women with the PPARγPro12Ala genotype were significantly higher than in women with the PPARγPro12Pro genotype. However, there was no association between preterm birth and periodontitis.Conclusion: We suggest that the PPARγPro12Ala polymorphism may represent a genetic susceptibility factor for the clinical measurements of periodontitis in a limited number of pregnant Japanese women, but it probably cannot influence the relationship between periodontitis and preterm birth.
Serum Cytokine and Periodontal Profiles in Relation to Disease Activity of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Japanese Adults
Authors: Kobayashi Tetsuo , Yokoyama Tomoko , Ishida Kohei , Abe Asami , Yamamoto Kouji , Yoshie Hiromasa 
Published: April 2010

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis are common chronic inflammatory conditions and share many pathologic features. A similar profile of cytokines is involved in the pathogenesis of the two diseases. The relationship between the disease activity of RA and the periodontal condition remains unclear. This study examines whether the disease activity of RA affects serum cytokine and periodontal profiles.Methods: The study subjects consisted of 84 Japanese adults with RA and 22 race‐matched control individuals. After periodontal and rheumatologic examination, the disease activity of RA was determined with the Disease Activity Score including 28 joints using C‐reactive protein (DAS28‐CRP). Serum levels of cytokines including interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐12, IL‐12 p40, IL‐18, and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) were determined by an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. High‐sensitive CRP was also measured with a latex particle‐enhanced nephelometric method.Results: Of 84 patients with RA, 28 and 56 patients exhibited low and moderate to high disease activity, respectively. Serum levels of IL‐6, TNF‐α, and CRP were significantly different between the two groups (P <0.05). Additionally, a significant correlation was observed between DAS28‐CRP and percentage of sites with bleeding on probing (BOP) (P = 0.008) and between serum TNF‐α levels and percentage of sites with BOP (P = 0.01) in 56 patients with RA with moderate to high activity.Conclusion: These results suggest that the disease activity of RA correlated with serum levels of IL‐6, TNF‐α, and CRP, and it might influence BOP in the patients with moderate to high disease activity.
The Regulatory Role of A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 28 on the Biologic Property of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells
Authors: Zhao Zheng , Wang Yi , Wang Dongsheng , Liu Hongchen 
Published: April 2010

Background: A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 28 (ADAM28) is considered to be the possible virulence gene for congenital hypoplasia of tooth root. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are regarded as playing crucial roles in the developing process of the periodontium and are generally used in dental regenerative medicine. This study evaluates the influence of ADAM28 on the biologic property of human PDLSCs (HPDLSCs) and to postulate the possible mechanism of this influence.Methods: HPDLSCs were acquired by immunomagnetic bead selection and identified by immunofluorescence detection. After ADAM28 eukaryotic plasmid and antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS‐ODNs) were constructed and respectively transfected into HPDLSCs by a transfection reagent, the expression differences of ADAM28 among various groups were assessed by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and Western blotting. The 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2, 5‐diphenyl‐2H‐tetrazolium bromide and cell‐cycle assays were used to test the proliferation activity of HPDLSCs. Annexin V–fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide analysis was performed to detect the apoptotic level. Cell differentiation was tested by measuring the alkaline phosphatase level. Immunocytochemistry and Western blotting were carried out to determine the effects of ADAM28 AS‐ODNs on HPDLSCs expressing cementum attachment protein (CAP), osteopontin, and osteocalcin.Results: The ADAM28 eukaryotic plasmid group showed the highest expression level in HPDLSCs, whereas the AS‐ODN group displayed the lowest. Furthermore, the overexpression of ADAM28 enhanced the proliferation of HPDLSCs and inhibited the specific differentiation of HPDLSCs, whereas the inhibition of ADAM28 produced the opposite effects and induced apoptosis. ADAM28 AS‐ODNs were able to significantly inhibit CAP expression, and ADAM28 had a positive correlation with CAP.Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that ADAM28 was able to effectively manipulate the proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation of HPDLSCs.
Detached Leaf Technique for the Establishment of Root Cultures of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: Krauss Ulrike 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Axenic cultures of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) roots can be initiated from in vitro cultured embryos and shoot meristems. Embryo axes produced more shoots than tissue taken from axillary meristems. For tissue derived from shoot cultures, Virginia cultivars had a higher percentage of rooting explants than a Spanish cultivar. Inoculation with Agrobacterium rhizogenes increased root yields. However, root propagation in liquid medium was unsuccessful. On the other hand, the use of detached leaves, incubated on a sand/mineral liquid medium, led to vigorous root production after inoculation with A. rhizogenes, regardless of the bacterial strain used. These roots could be propagated subsequently in liquid medium. The advantages of the detached leaf technique are discussed.
Arachis hypogaea Plant Recovery Through in Vitro Culture of Peg Tips1
Authors: Feng Q. L. , Stalker H. T. , Pattee H. E. , Isleib T. G. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
In vitro culture of embryos in Arachis is necessary to recover interspecific hybrids which otherwise abort soon after fertilization. The objective of this research was to develop in vitro techniques to promote proembryo development so that plants can be recovered. Aerial peg tips consisting of embryos, ovules, and peg meristem of Arachis hypogaea L. cv. NC 6, were collected 7, 10, and 14 d after self-pollination. Peg tips were cultured in the dark on combined MS and B5 media with NAA, GA3 and 6-BAP for 90 d. The effects of plant growth regulators on in vitro reproductive traits, including peg elongation, callus and root production, pod formation, ovule and embryo development were variable. Results indicated that 10-d-old peg tips, which contained eight-celled proembryos, had more embryo development and pod formation than 7- and 14-d-old peg tips. Medium with 4 mg L-1 NAA and 0.5 mg L-1 6-BAP suppressed in vitro development of pods, ovules and embryos and induced large amounts of callus. Media with lower concentrations of NAA, GA3, and 6-BAP caused development of more and larger pods and ovules. The development of young embryos from proembryos was observed and mature seeds were obtained by an in vitro one-step process. Peanut plants were obtained both from in vitro-recovered embryos and from mature seeds.
Survey by ELISA of Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Vectored Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Distribution in Foliage and Flowers of Field-Infected Peanut1
Authors: Kresta Kenya K. , Mitchell Forrest L. , Smith J. W. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
The foliage of individual field-infected peanut plants (Arachis hypogaea L.) was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the presence of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). TSWV was detected commonly in terminals (folded quadrifoliates) and flowers, the vector's feeding and breeding niches. Reconstructions of the assayed plants demonstrated that the virus concentration varied from plant to plant and symptoms were significantly correlated to virus concentration in individual leaves and terminals. The virus was not distributed uniformly throughout individual plants but was concentrated in young, developing terminal tissue. The presence of symptoms was indicative of detectable virus 95% of the time.
Interaction of Bentazon and Imazethapyr Applied Postemergence to Nutsedge (Cyperus spp.)
Authors: York Alan C. , Wilcut John W. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Field and greenhouse experiments evaluated purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundas L.) and yellow nutsedge (C. esculentus L.) control with mixtures of bentazon [3-(1-methylethyl)-(1H)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide] and imazethapyr {2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-ethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid} applied postemergence. Mixtures of the sodium salt of bentazon at 0.6 or 1.1 kg ae/ha and the ammonium salt of imazethapyr at 35 or 70 g ae/ha were antagonistic on purple nutsedge in field and greenhouse experiments. Mixtures of bentazon at 0.6 kg/ha and imazethapyr at 35 or 70 g/ha were additive on yellow nutsedge in field experiments but antagonistic in greenhouse experiments. Mixtures of bentazon at 1.1 kg/ha and imazethapyr at 35 or 70 g/ha were antagonistic on yellow nutsedge in field and greenhouse experiments.
Effects of Host Resistance on Germination of Cercospora arachidicola on Peanut Leaf Surfaces1
Authors: Waliyar F. , Shew B. B. , Sidahmed R. , Beute M. K. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Conidial germination by a North Carolina field-isolate of Cercospora arachidicola Hori was studied on leaf surfaces of two highly resistant and two susceptible peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes under 5 day/night temperature regimes. Conidia germinated at all temperature regimes, but a greater percentage germinated at the coolest temperature regimes of 26 C day/20 C night and constant 24 C than in warmer temperature regimes. Percentage germination differed significantly with respect to time and genotype in each temperature regime. Fewer conidia germinated on resistant compared to susceptible genotypes, with lowest germination on the resistant genotype 91 PA 150 (a Virginia type derived from a cross of A. hypogaea and A. cardenasii Krapov. and W. C. Gregory). Conidia germinated more quickly and more conidia germinated overall on the susceptible NC 7 than on the other genotypes tested.