bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The application and diagnostic utility of immunocytochemistry on direct smears in the diagnosis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Roh Michael H. , Schmidt Lindsay , Placido Jeremiah , Farmen Sara , Fields Kristina L. , Courey Anthony J. , Arenberg Douglas A. , Knoepp Stewart M. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe importance of subclassifying pulmonary nonsmall cell carcinoma (NSCLC) in cytologic material is becoming increasingly paramount. Occasionally, cell blocks traditionally used for ancillary studies are sparsely cellular or acellular. Hence, we investigated the diagnostic utility of immunocytochemistry for Napsin‐A, TTF‐1, and p63 on direct smears of NSCLC. Immunohistochemistry for Napsin‐A was initially tested on a tissue microarray (TMA) composed of pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Subsequently, in 25 cases, immunocytochemistry for Napsin‐A, TTF‐1, and p63 was performed on cytologic direct smears. Smears were prepared from tumor cells scraped from lung resection specimens (n = 10), endobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial fine‐needle aspirates (n = 13), and pelleted cell material from pleural effusions (n = 2). Immunohistochemistry utilizing the TMA revealed Napsin‐A positivity in 73% of pulmonary ADCs. Next, immunocytochemistry on direct cytologic smears demonstrated a Napsin‐A(+)/TTF‐1(+) immunophenotype in 15 of 18 adenocarcinomas; p63 was completely negative (n = 12) or only focally positive (n = 3) in these 15 adenocarcinomas. The remaining three adenocarcinomas were negative for all three markers. All six squamous cell carcinomas were Napsin‐A(−)/TTF‐1(−) and diffusely p63(+). In conclusion, direct smears represent a feasible and robust source of cellular material for immunocytochemical studies to diagnose pulmonary ADC and SQC. Our method allows the cytologist to confirm on site that material for diagnostic immunocytochemistry is present thereby serving as a safeguard in instances where the cell block is of insufficient cellularity. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Inflammatory myxohyaline tumor of distal extremities:Cytologic findings in a lesion simulating a high‐grade myxoid sarcoma
Authors: Layfield Lester J. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration cytology has been shown to be useful in the diagnosis of lesions of the distal extremities with an accuracy of ∼70% for the specific diagnosis of tumors of the hand. Despite this accuracy, some cases may be misinterpreted as to the type of lesion present. A 34‐year‐old male presented with a 1.5 cm mass in the soft tissue of his right middle finger. Fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) was performed and produced cellular smears with a myxoid background. The majority of cells were of a short “spindle” or polygonal shape but a number of large pleomorphic cells were also present. A diagnosis of pleomorphic myxoid sarcoma was given. Subsequent incisional biopsy revealed an inflammatory myxohyaline tumor of the distal extremities (IMTDE). FNA, core needle biopsy, and even small incisional biopsies may result in misdiagnosis of IMTDE as pleomorphic sarcoma, an inflammatory condition or even Hodgkin's disease. Careful attention to the myxoid background, prominence of inflammatory cells, nature of the pleomorphic cells, and location of the lesion should favor the diagnosis of IMTDE. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Moderators of dialectical behavior therapy for binge eating disorder: Results from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Robinson Athena Hagler , Safer Debra L. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractObjective:Investigate moderators of a randomized clinical trial of group Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Binge Eating Disorder (DBT‐BED) compared to an active comparison group control (ACGT) on the post‐treatment outcome of binge frequency after twenty 2‐h weekly sessions.Method:Moderation analyses.Results:Participants were 101 adults with BED [mean (SD) age, 52.2 (10.6) years and BMI, 36.4 (8.6)]. Analyses identified two moderators of post‐treatment outcome. Participants with (1) Avoidant Personality Disorder or (2) an earlier onset of overweight and dieting (<15 years old) evidenced significantly worsened outcome when treated with ACGT versus DBT‐BED.Discussion:Participants with certain indicators of higher baseline pathology respond better to DBT‐BED than ACGT at post‐treatment. © 2011 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2012.
Pax6‐positive müller glia cells express cell cycle markers but do not proliferate after photoreceptor injury in the mouse retina
Authors: Joly Sandrine , Pernet Vincent , Samardzija Marijana , Grimm Christian 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIn lower vertebrates, such as fish, Müller glia plays an essential role in the restoration of visual function after retinal degeneration by transdifferentiating into photoreceptors and other retinal neurons. During this process, Müller cells re‐enter the cell cycle, proliferate, and migrate from the inner nuclear layer (INL) to the photoreceptor layer where they express photoreceptor‐specific markers. This process of Müller cell transdifferentiation is absent in mammals, and the loss of photoreceptors leads to permanent vision deficits. The mechanisms underlying the failure of mammalian Müller cells to behave as stem cells after photoreceptor degeneration are poorly understood. In the present study, we show that photoreceptor injury induces migration of PAX6‐positive Müller cell nuclei toward the outer part of the INL and into the inner part of the outer nuclear layer. These cells express markers of the cell cycle, suggesting an attempt to re‐enter the cell cycle similarly to lower vertebrates. However, mouse Müller cells do not proliferate in response to photoreceptor injury implying a blockade of the S‐phase transition. Our results suggest that a release of the S‐phase blockade may be crucial for Müller cells to successfully transdifferentiate and replace injured photoreceptors in mammals. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comorbidity and the rate of cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer dementia
Authors: Solomon Alina , Dobranici Letitia , Kåreholt Ingemar , Tudose Cătălina , Lăzărescu Mircea 
Published: April 2011

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the impact of comorbidity on cognitive and functional decline in patients with Alzheimer dementia (AD).MethodsOne hundred and two AD outpatients examined at the Psychiatry Department of the CF2 Polyclinic in Bucharest, Romania and re‐evaluated after 2 years. Comorbidity was rated using the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics (CIRS‐G).ResultsBaseline mean age (SD) was 75.4 (8.2) years, median CDR (range) was 2 (1–3), and mean MMSE (SD) 14.2 (4.9). MMSE declined to 11.2 (4.8) during follow‐up. Baseline mean total CIRS‐G score (SD) was 13.8 (5.4), median number of endorsed categories (range) was 8 (1–14), and mean severity index (SD) 1.9 (0.4). Main comorbidity areas were cardiovascular, ear, nose and throat, genitourinary, musculoskeletal/integument, and neurological. Severity of comorbidity increased with dementia severity (p < 0.001). Baseline comorbidity was related to increased rate of cognitive decline; truncated regression coefficients (p‐values) were 0.01 (0.02) for CIRS‐G total score, and 0.15 (0.006) for severity index (controlled for age, sex, education, and AD treatment). Faster cognitive decline was associated with faster functional decline: OR (95% CI) was 5.2 (1.9−13.6) for increased rate of ADL change and 3.8 (1.0−14.1) for increased rate of IADL change (controlled for age, sex, education, AD medication, and comorbidity). Comorbidity tended to increase functional decline; however, the associations were not statistically significant.ConclusionsIn this group of patients with AD, comorbidity increased the rate of cognitive decline. Considering comorbidity instead of focusing on separate conditions may be more helpful in managing AD. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cultural adaptation of evidence‐based practice utilizing an iterative stakeholder process and theoretical framework: problem solving therapy for Chinese older adults
Authors: Chu Joyce P. , Huynh Loanie , Areán Patricia 
Published: April 2011

AbstractObjectivesMain objectives were to familiarize the reader with a theoretical framework for modifying evidence‐based interventions for cultural groups, and to provide an example of one method, Formative Method for Adapting Psychotherapies (FMAP), in the adaptation of an evidence‐based intervention for a cultural group notorious for refusing mental health treatment.MethodsProvider and client stakeholder input combined with an iterative testing process within the FMAP framework was utilized to create the Problem Solving Therapy—Chinese Older Adult (PST‐COA) manual for depression. Data from pilot‐testing the intervention with a clinically depressed Chinese elderly woman are reported.ResultsPST‐COA is categorized as a ‘culturally‐adapted’ treatment, where core mediating mechanisms of PST were preserved, but cultural themes of measurement methodology, stigma, hierarchical provider‐client relationship expectations, and acculturation enhanced core components to make PST more understandable and relevant for Chinese elderly. Modifications also encompassed therapeutic framework and peripheral elements affecting engagement and retention. PST‐COA applied with a depressed Chinese older adult indicated remission of clinical depression and improvement in mood. Fidelity with and acceptability of the treatment was sufficient as the client completed and reported high satisfaction with PST‐COA.ConclusionsPST, as a non‐emotion‐focused, evidence‐based intervention, is a good fit for depressed Chinese elderly. Through an iterative stakeholder process of cultural adaptation, several culturally‐specific modifications were applied to PST to create the PST‐COA manual. PST‐COA preserves core therapeutic PST elements but includes cultural adaptations in therapeutic framework and key administration and content areas that ensure greater applicability and effectiveness for the Chinese elderly community. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cerebral lateralization of praxis in right‐ and left‐handedness: Same pattern, different strength
Authors: Vingerhoets Guy , Acke Frederic , Alderweireldt Ann‐Sofie , Nys Jo , Vandemaele Pieter , Achten Eric 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWe aimed to investigate the effect of hand effector and handedness on the cerebral lateralization of pantomiming learned movements. Fourteen right‐handed and 14 left‐handed volunteers performed unimanual and bimanual tool‐use pantomimes with their dominant or nondominant hand during fMRI. A left hemispheric lateralization was observed in the right‐ and left‐handed group regardless of which hand(s) performed the task. Asymmetry was most marked in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), premotor cortex (PMC), and superior and inferior parietal lobules (SPL and IPL). Unimanual pantomimes did not reveal any significant differences in asymmetric cerebral activation patterns between left‐ and right‐handers. Bimanual pantomimes showed increased left premotor and posterior parietal activation in left‐ and right‐handers. Lateralization indices (LI) of the 10% most active voxels in DLPFC, PMC, SPL, and IPL were calculated for each individual in a contrast that compared all tool versus all control conditions. Left‐handers showed a significantly reduced overall LI compared with right‐handers. This was mainly due to diminished asymmetry in the IPL and SPL. We conclude that the recollection and pantomiming of learned gestures recruits a similar left lateralized activation pattern in right and left‐handed individuals. Handedness only influences the strength (not the side) of the lateralization, with left‐handers showing a reduced degree of asymmetry that is most readily observed over the posterior parietal region. Together with similar findings in language and visual processing, these results point to a lesser hemispheric specialization in left‐handers that may be considered in the cost/benefit assessment to explain the disproportionate handedness polymorphism in humans. Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of emotional conditioning on early visual processing: Temporal dynamics revealed by ERP single‐trial analysis
Authors: Liu Yuelu , Keil Andreas , Ding Mingzhou 
Published: April 2011

AbstractStudies using event‐related potentials (ERPs) have shown that affectively arousing stimuli enhance attention and perception. In addition, simple neutral stimuli, when paired with emotionally engaging unconditioned stimuli (i.e., the CS+) in classical conditioning paradigms, were found to evoke increased sensory responses as learning progresses, compared to responses elicited by the same stimuli not paired with a noxious stimulus (CS−). To date the detailed trial‐to‐trial temporal dynamics of this sensory facilitation process is not known. Signal averaging required for the ERP analysis eliminates trial‐to‐trial information of temporal cortical dynamics. In the current study, a novel single‐trial analysis method called Analysis of Single‐trial ERP and Ongoing activity (ASEO) was adopted to study the detailed electrocortical dynamics of sensory processing during classical aversive conditioning. Focusing on the P1 component of the ERP evoked by simple grating patterns serving as CS+ and CS−, we found that over a session of conditioning trials, there were three phases of P1 amplitude changes for both CS+ and CS−: (1) an initial decrease phase, (2) a subsequent increase phase, and (3) a final habituating phase. Tests on the rates of P1 amplitude changes in each of the three phases between CS+ and CS− conditions revealed differential effects of CS+ and CS− for all three phases. No such effects were found for a session of control trials where the same grating patterns were paired with checkerboards. We interpret these results as providing evidence supporting the view that emotional experience can modulate early visual processing and dynamics of perceptual learning. Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Feasibility of transoral robotic‐assisted supraglottic laryngectomy
Authors: Alon Eran E. , Kasperbauer Jan L. , Olsen Kerry D. , Moore Eric J. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to describe our experience with transoral robotic‐assisted supraglottic laryngectomy.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the records of patients who underwent transoral robotic‐assisted supraglottic laryngectomy at our institution between May 2007 and November 2008.ResultsDuring the study period, 7 patients with malignancy underwent the procedure (4 men, 3 women; average age, 61 years). All tumors were completely resected, with clear margins on pathologic analysis. Six patients underwent neck dissection at the time of transoral surgery. One intraoperative complication occurred: thermal injury to the anterior cervical skin. Four patients underwent primary tracheotomy tube placement, 3 of whom were decannulated without difficulty. Two patients required long‐term gastrostomy tubes while receiving adjuvant radiotherapy.ConclusionsSupraglottic malignancies can be successfully resected transorally with robotic assistance. The potential benefits of this method are improved access and visualization. Further long‐term follow‐up is needed to compare oncologic and functional outcomes with those of current approaches. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Multimodality therapeutic outcomes In anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: Improved survival in subgroups of patients with localized primary tumors
Authors: Ito Ken‐ichi , Hanamura Toru , Murayama Koichi , Okada Toshihiro , Watanabe Takayuki , Harada Michihiko , Ito Tokiko , Koyama Hiroshi , Kanai Toshiharu , Maeno Kazuma , Mochizuki Yasuhiro , Amano Jun 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the present study was to investigate the role of a multimodality treatment for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC).MethodsClinical data of 40 consecutive patients treated between 1985 and 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsThe median survival time (MST) stratified by clinical stage was 6.0 months for stage IVB and 4.2 months for stage IVC. When the stage IVB patients were classified into 2 groups (IVB‐a and IVB‐b) in accord with the extent of involvement of the tumor, the MST of the patients with IVB‐a (9.6 months) was significantly longer than that of patients with IVB‐b (4.0 months) (p < .05). The MST of the patients treated with surgery followed by radiation and chemotherapy (13.7 months) tended to be longer compared with the patients treated with 2 or fewer modalities.ConclusionThe patients with a less‐invasive primary tumor may gain a survival benefit from aggressive multimodality therapeutic approaches. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Laser surgery for early to moderately advanced glottic, supraglottic, and hypopharyngeal cancers
Authors: Suárez Carlos , Rodrigo Juan P. , Silver Carl E. , Hartl Dana M. , Takes Robert P. , Rinaldo Alessandra , Strojan Primozõ , Ferlito Alfio 
Published: April 2011

AbstractCurrent practice standards for the treatment of early to moderately advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer demand both achievement of cure and preservation of laryngeal structure and function to the greatest extent possible. The oncologic and functional results of transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) for early glottic cancer appear to be comparable to those of radiotherapy, with a higher rate of laryngeal preservation and a lower cost. TLM for early and moderately advanced supraglottic and hypopharyngeal cancers offers similar results with regard to survival and local control to those obtained with open surgical approaches. In addition, functional results of TLM are superior to those of open approaches because tracheotomies are usually avoided, rehabilitation of swallowing is faster, and hospital stay is shorter. TLM, when applicable, has become the preferred modality for surgical treatment of most early to moderately advanced cancers of the larynx and selected tumors of the hypopharynx. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Distinct DNA methylation patterns in cirrhotic liver and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ammerpohl Ole , Pratschke Johann , Schafmayer Clemens , Haake Andrea , Faber Wladimir , von Kampen Oliver , Brosch Mario , Sipos Bence , von Schönfels Witigo , Balschun Katharina , Röcken Christoph , Arlt Alexander , Schniewind Bodo , Grauholm Jonas , Kalthoff Holger , Neuhaus Peter , Stickel Felix , Schreiber Stefan , Becker Thomas , Siebert Reiner , Hampe Jochen 
Published: April 2011

AbstractAbberrant DNA methylation is one of the hallmarks of cancerogenesis. Our study aims to delineate differential DNA methylation in cirrhosis and hepatic cancerogenesis. Patterns of methylation of 27,578 individual CpG loci in 12 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), 15 cirrhotic controls and 12 normal liver samples were investigated using an array‐based technology. A supervised principal component analysis (PCA) revealed 167 hypomethylated loci and 100 hypermethylated loci in cirrhosis and HCC as compared to normal controls. Thus, these loci show a “cirrhotic” methylation pattern that is maintained in HCC. In pairwise supervised PCAs between normal liver, cirrhosis and HCC, eight loci were significantly changed in all analyses differentiating the three groups (p < 0.0001). Of these, five loci showed highest methylation levels in HCC and lowest in control tissue (LOC55908, CELSR1, CRMP1, GNRH2, ALOX12 and ANGPTL7), whereas two loci showed the opposite direction of change (SPRR3 and TNFSF15). Genes hypermethylated between normal liver to cirrhosis, which maintain this methylation pattern during the development of HCC, are depleted for CpG islands, high CpG content promoters and polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) targets in embryonic stem cells. In contrast, genes selectively hypermethylated in HCC as compared to nonmalignant samples showed an enrichment of CpG islands, high CpG content promoters and PRC2 target genes (p < 0.0001). Cirrhosis and HCC show distinct patterns of differential methylation with regards to promoter structure, PRC2 targets and CpG islands.
A preclinical algorithm of soluble surrogate biomarkers that correlate with therapeutic inhibition of the MET oncogene in gastric tumors
Authors: Torti Davide , Sassi Francesco , Galimi Francesco , Gastaldi Stefania , Perera Timothy , Comoglio Paolo M. , Trusolino Livio , Bertotti Andrea 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe MET oncogene is amplified in a fraction of human gastric carcinoma cell lines, with consequent overexpression and constitutive activation of the corresponding protein product, the Met tyrosine kinase receptor. This genetically driven hyperactivation of Met is necessary for cancer cell growth and survival, so that Met pharmacological blockade results in cell‐cycle arrest or apoptosis (oncogene addiction). MET gene amplification also occurs in vivo in a number of human gastric carcinomas, and clinical trials are now ongoing to assess the therapeutic efficacy of Met inhibitors in this type of malignancy. The aim of our study was to identify a preclinical algorithm of soluble surrogate biomarkers indicative of response to Met inhibition in gastric tumors, as a potential tool to integrate imaging criteria during patient follow‐up. We started from a survey of candidate molecules based on antibody proteomics and gene expression profiling; after ELISA validation and analytical quantification, four biomarkers were identified that appeared to be strongly and consistently modulated by Met inhibition in a panel of Met‐addicted gastric carcinoma cell lines, but not in Met‐independent cell lines. Pharmacologic blockade of Met using specific small‐molecule inhibitors led to reduced secretion of IL‐8, GROα and the soluble form of uPAR and to increased production of IL‐6 both in vitro (in culture supernatants) and in vivo (in the plasma of xenografted mice). If confirmed in patients, this information might prove useful to monitor clinical response to Met‐targeted therapies in MET‐amplified gastric carcinomas.
Epigenetic repression of regulator of G‐protein signaling 2 promotes androgen‐independent prostate cancer cell growth
Authors: Wolff Dennis W. , Xie Yan , Deng Caishu , Gatalica Zoran , Yang Mingjie , Wang Bo , Wang Jincheng , Lin Ming‐Fong , Abel Peter W. , Tu Yaping 
Published: April 2011

AbstractG‐protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR)‐stimulated androgen‐independent activation of androgen receptor (AR) contributes to acquisition of a hormone‐refractory phenotype by prostate cancer. We previously reported that regulator of G‐protein signaling (RGS) 2, an inhibitor of GPCRs, inhibits androgen‐independent AR activation (Cao et al., Oncogene 2006;25:3719‐34). Here, we show reduced RGS2 protein expression in human prostate cancer specimens compared to adjacent normal or hyperplastic tissue. Methylation‐specific PCR analysis and bisulfite sequencing indicated that methylation of the CpG island in the RGS2 gene promoter correlated with RGS2 downregulation in prostate cancer. In vitro methylation of this promoter suppressed reporter gene expression in transient transfection studies, whereas reversal of this promoter methylation with 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine (5‐Aza‐dC) induced RGS2 reexpression in androgen‐independent prostate cancer cells and inhibited their growth under androgen‐deficient conditions. Interestingly, the inhibitory effect of 5‐Aza‐dC was significantly reduced by an RGS2‐targeted short hairpin RNA, indicating that reexpressed RGS2 contributed to this growth inhibition. Restoration of RGS2 levels by ectopic expression in androgen‐independent prostate cancer cells suppressed growth of xenografts in castrated mice. Thus, RGS2 promoter hypermethylation represses its expression and unmasks a latent pathway for AR transactivation in prostate cancer cells. Targeting this reversible process may provide a new strategy for suppressing prostate cancer progression by reestablishing its androgen sensitivity.