bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Plant Diversity and Soil Quality Management in Forest Land of West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Latha Ujji Pushpa , Bharose Ram , Kumar Hemant 
Published: May 2024

The field experiment was set in home-garden areas under forest land of eight small towns viz. Borampalem, Venkatapuram, Gundugolanukunta, Ramannapalem, Abdullapuram, Tirumaladevpeta, Venkatakrishnapuram, Appalarajugudem in West Godavari, Andhra Pradesh during November to March in 2021–22 assess the Plant and Tree Diversity and Soil quality parameters. The plant/tree species Phoenix sylvestris, reported the highest frequency (245.00), dominance (3.27), and basal area (7542.96 cm2). Plumbago zeylanica had the highest relative density (6.96) and relative abundance (6.81) among all the shrub species. Plumbago zeylanica reported the highest Important value index (IVI) 17.10 while Herb species with highest density was found in Centella asiatica (0.95), frequency (35), and highest Important value index (IVI) 14.60. Soil quality parameters reflects that at the depth 0-15cm the average value of pH is found to be7.52, organic carbon is 0.56%, the amount of available nitrogen is 213.78 kg/ha, amount of available of phosphorus is 41.25 kg/ha and available potassium is 38.22 kg/ha. At the depth of 15-30 cm the Average value of pH is found to be 6.61, organic carbon is 0.39%, the amount of available nitrogen is 189.51 kg/ha, amount of available of phosphorus is 34.75 kg/ha and available potassium is 31.37 kg/h.
The Effect of Educational Intervention on Inhaler Technique of Patients in Asian Countries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Shahid Sara , Nadeem Laiba , Khan Maria Faisal , Gill Wasta Aslam , Nasir Minahil , Tayyab Syed Taimoor , Siddique Mavra , Ayesha Maryam , Iqbal Muhammad Zahid 
Published: May 2024

Background: Inhalation therapy is the main line of treatment for the management of various respiratory diseases due to localized delivery and rapid onset of action. Incorrect inhaler technique is very common and subsequently leads to poor disease management. Pharmacist can have a positive impact on patient’s education about proper inhaler technique that can lead to a significant improvement of asthma and COPD management.
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of pharmacist education program on inhaler technique of asthmatic and COPD patients in South Asian countries. The outcome regarding inhalation technique was reviewed and summarized.
Methodology: The outcome regarding inhalation technique was reviewed and summarized. For this systematic review, basic electronic academic databases (Scopus, Science Direct, ProQuest, Web of Science and PubMed) were used for the search, along with a manual search on Google Scholar. This systematic review was conducted by following the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)” guidelines. Moreover, utilizing the framework of the PECO-S (Population Exposure Comparison Outcome Study design), various observational studies were recruited for this review. The ZEE tool was utilized to minimize the risk of bias among extracted cross-sectional studies. Inclusion criteria included studies on inhaler using patients of all ages from South Asian countries along with the influence of educational intervention outcomes.
Results: Out of 2191 studies, 24 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the current review. All of the included studies were about pharmacist intervention on inhaler technique in South Asian countries.
Conclusion: The systematic literature review summarizes the impact of educational intervention provided to inhaler using patients from South Asian countries. It was assessed that patient education and counselling produced improvement in inhalation technique of various devices especially metered dose inhalers. The primary outcome of most the studies was the improvement in inhaler technique assessment and enhanced quality of life. Therefore, inhaler technique education to patients should be made compulsory by the Health-care authorities to enhance compliance and effectiveness of inhalational therapy by avoiding irrational use of inhalers.
High‐Throughput Live Cell Imaging of Apoptosis
Authors: Puigvert J.C. , de Bont Hans , van de Water Bob , Danen Erik H.J. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractApoptosis is important for embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, and removal of cells with (potentially transforming) DNA lesions or other types of injuries. Functional genomics screens performed to unravel apoptotic signaling cascades in the context of toxicant‐induced cell injury commonly use apoptosis as an end‐point. Here, a method to detect the accumulation of apoptotic cells in real time that is well suited for high‐throughput screens is described. The method uses automated microscopy in a 96‐well format setting to visualize binding of fluorescent annexin V to the outer membrane leaflet of apoptotic cells. The automated image acquisition is followed by quantitative analysis using bioinformatics software. A protocol for each of the steps in this kinetic method is described, which includes the caspase‐dependent apoptotic response to toxic compounds in multiple cell types and demonstrates that RNAi‐based gene silencing of candidate apoptotic regulators affects the apoptosis kinetics as expected. This protocol will be useful for functional genomics as well as chemical (drug) screens. Curr. Protoc. Cell Biol. 47:18.10.1‐18.10.13. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Using The Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR) to Find Information About Arabidopsis Genes
Authors: Lamesch Philippe , Dreher Kate , Swarbreck David , Sasidharan Rajkumar , Reiser Leonore , Huala Eva 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR; http://arabidopsis.org) is a comprehensive Web resource of Arabidopsis biology for plant scientists. TAIR curates and integrates information about genes, proteins, gene function, gene expression, mutant phenotypes, biological materials such as clones and seed stocks, genetic markers, genetic and physical maps, biochemical pathways, genome organization, images of mutant plants, protein sub‐cellular localizations, publications, and the research community. The various data types are extensively interconnected and can be accessed through a variety of Web‐based search and display tools. This unit primarily focuses on some basic methods for searching, browsing, visualizing, and analyzing information about Arabidopsis genes and describes several new tools such as a new TAIR genome browser (GBrowse), and the TAIR synteny viewer (GBrowse_syn). We also describe how to use AraCyc for mining plant metabolic pathways. Curr. Protoc. Bioinform. 30:1.11.1‐1.11.51. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Analyzing Shotgun Proteomic Data with PatternLab for Proteomics
Authors: Carvalho Paulo C. , Yates III John R. , Barbosa Valmir C. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractPatternLab for proteomics is a one‐stop shop computational environment for analyzing shotgun proteomic data. Its modules provide means to pinpoint proteins/peptides that are differentially expressed and those that are unique to a state. It can also cluster the ones that share similar expression profiles in time‐course experiments, as well as help in interpreting results according to Gene Ontology. PatternLab is user‐friendly, simple, and provides a graphical user interface. Curr. Protoc. Bioinform. 30:13.13.1‐13.13.15. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Time‐Lapse Imaging of Embryonic Neural Stem Cell Division in Drosophila by Two‐Photon Microscopy
Authors: Rebollo Elena , Gonzalez Cayetano 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis unit describes a protocol for live imaging of Drosophila embryonic neural stem cells using two‐photon microscopy. Compared to traditional one‐photon confocal imaging, this technique renders higher‐resolution optical sections from deeper within the embryo. It is ideally suited to following embryonic neuroblasts located underneath the neuroepithelial cell layer for several rounds of cell division. Curr. Protoc. Stem Cell Biol. 13:1H.2.1‐1H.2.9. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Associations of perceived neighborhood environment on health status outcomes in persons with arthritis
Authors: Martin Kathryn Remmes , Shreffler Jack , Schoster Britta , Callahan Leigh F. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the association between 4 aspects of perceived neighborhood environment (aesthetics, walkability, safety, and social cohesion) and health status outcomes in a cohort of North Carolinians with self‐reported arthritis after adjustment for individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status covariates.MethodsIn a telephone survey, 696 participants self‐reported ≥1 types of arthritis or rheumatic conditions. Outcomes measured were physical and mental functioning (Short Form 12 health survey version 2 physical component and mental component summary [MCS]), functional disability (Health Assessment Questionnaire), and depressive symptomatology (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale scores <16 versus ≥16). Multivariate regression and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted using Stata, version 11.ResultsResults from separate adjusted models indicated that measures of associations for perceived neighborhood characteristics were statistically significant (P ≤ 0.001 to P = 0.017) for each health status outcome (except walkability and MCS) after adjusting for covariates. Final adjusted models included all 4 perceived neighborhood characteristics simultaneously. A 1‐point increase in perceiving worse neighborhood aesthetics predicted lower mental health (B = −1.81, P = 0.034). Individuals had increased odds of depressive symptoms if they perceived lower neighborhood safety (odds ratio [OR] 1.36, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.04–1.78; P = 0.023) and lower neighborhood social cohesion (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.03–1.96; P = 0.030).ConclusionStudy findings indicate that an individual's perception of neighborhood environment characteristics, especially aesthetics, safety, and social cohesion, is predictive of health outcomes among adults with self‐reported arthritis, even after adjusting for key variables. Future studies interested in examining the role that community characteristics play on disability and mental health in individuals with arthritis might consider further examination of perceived neighborhood environment.
Hedonic wine price predictions and nonnormal errors
Authors: Oczkowski Edward 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis paper considers using nonnormal error distributions for the hedonic wine price function, to predict “average” wine prices and hence identify over and under‐priced wines. In addition to the log‐normal distribution, the Weibull, gamma, exponential and log‐logistic distributions are employed for a comprehensive data set of over 6,000 Australian wines. Estimates of marginal attribute impacts do differ with distribution employed with the Weibull being the most different. On average for all wines, the log‐logistic distribution produces the most accurate predictions, however, the performance of distributions differs according to price range. Combining the predictions can produce substantially lower absolute errors on average, because of the varying accuracy performance of the distributions. [EconLit citations: L15, D40, C16]. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Repeated pesticide exposure among North Carolina migrant and seasonal farmworkers
Authors: Arcury Thomas A. , Grzywacz Joseph G. , Talton Jennifer W. , Chen Haiying , Vallejos Quirina M. , Galván Leonardo , Barr Dana B. , Quandt Sara A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBackgroundLimited data document the multiple and repeated pesticide absorption experienced by farmworkers in an agricultural season or their risk factors.MethodsData were collected from 196 farmworkers four times at monthly intervals in 2007. Urine samples were tested for 12 pesticide urinary metabolites. Questionnaire data provided measures of exposure risks.ResultsFarmworkers had at least one detection for many pesticide urinary metabolites; for example, 84.2% had at least one detection for acephate, 88.8% for 3,5,6‐trichloro‐2‐pyridinol. Most farmworkers had multiple detections for specific metabolites; for example, 64.8% had two or more detections for acephate, 64.8% for 3,5,6‐trichloro‐2‐pyridinol, 79.1% for 3‐phenoxybenzoic acid, and 86.7% for 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Housing type had a consistent significant association with metabolite detections.ConclusionsFarmworkers are exposed to multiple pesticides across an agricultural season, and they experience repeated exposures to the same pesticides. Reducing farmworker pesticide exposure and delineating the health outcomes of this exposure require more detailed data. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:802–813, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Variation in physiological health of diademed sifakas across intact and fragmented forest at Tsinjoarivo, eastern Madagascar
Authors: Irwin Mitchell T. , Junge Randall E. , Raharison Jean‐Luc , Samonds Karen E. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAs undisturbed habitat becomes increasingly rare, managers charged with ensuring the survival of endangered primate species must increasingly utilize disturbed and degraded habitats in species survival plans. Yet we have an imperfect understanding of the true long‐term viability of primate populations in disturbed habitat, and census data can be misleading because density is not necessarily correlated with habitat quality and population viability in predictable ways. Here we present clinical laboratory data on hematology, serum biochemistry, fat‐soluble vitamins, minerals, iron analytes, viral serology, and parasitology of diademed sifaka (Propithecus diadema), derived from the capture of 26 individuals spanning eight groups and two habitats (undisturbed vs. disturbed and fragmented) at Tsinjoarivo, Madagascar. Blood from fragment individuals had significantly lower values for several factors: white blood cell counts, bilirubin, total protein, albumin, calcium, sodium, chloride, manganese, zinc, iron and total iron‐binding capacity. Several biochemical variables were higher in immature individuals, probably due to active growth. The large number of interhabitat differences suggests that habitat disturbance has an impact on physiological health within this population, perhaps reflecting dietary stress and/or immunosuppression. These results, combined with previous data showing altered diet, slower juvenile growth, and reduced activity in disturbed forest fragments, suggest that fragment sifakas may be less healthy than continuous forest groups. Finally, Tsinjoarivo sifakas have extremely low blood urea nitrogen (perhaps reflecting protein limitation) and selenium levels relative to other lemurs. Despite their survival and reproduction in the short term in fragments, these sifakas may represent a riskier conservation investment than conspecifics in undisturbed forest, and may be more susceptible to environmental stressors. However, more data on the fitness consequences of these biochemical differences are needed for a better interpretation of their impacts on long‐term viability prospects. Am. J. Primatol. Am. J. Primatol. 72:1013–1025, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reaction‐Diffusion Systems in Intracellular Molecular Transport and Control
Authors: Soh Siowling , Byrska Marta , Kandere‐Grzybowska Kristiana , Grzybowski Bartosz A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemical reactions make cells work only if the participating chemicals are delivered to desired locations in a timely and precise fashion. Most research to date has focused on active‐transport mechanisms, although passive diffusion is often equally rapid and energetically less costly. Capitalizing on these advantages, cells have developed sophisticated reaction‐diffusion (RD) systems that control a wide range of cellular functions—from chemotaxis and cell division, through signaling cascades and oscillations, to cell motility. These apparently diverse systems share many common features and are “wired” according to “generic” motifs such as nonlinear kinetics, autocatalysis, and feedback loops. Understanding the operation of these complex (bio)chemical systems requires the analysis of pertinent transport‐kinetic equations or, at least on a qualitative level, of the characteristic times of the constituent subprocesses. Therefore, in reviewing the manifestations of cellular RD, we also describe basic theory of reaction‐diffusion phenomena.
Long‐term remission after cessation of interferon‐α treatment in patients with severe uveitis due to Behçet's disease
Authors: Deuter Christoph M. E. , Zierhut Manfred , Möhle Antje , Vonthein Reinhard , Stöbiger Nicole , Kötter Ina 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo retrospectively assess the development of visual acuity and the frequency and duration of relapse‐free periods in patients who were treated with interferon‐α (IFNα) for severe uveitis due to Behçet's disease (BD) and who completed a followup period of ≥2 years.MethodsIFN alfa‐2a was administered at an initial dosage of 6 million IU per day, then tapered to a maintenance dosage of 3 million IU twice per week, and finally discontinued, if possible. In case of a relapse, IFN treatment was repeated. Visual acuity at the end of followup was compared with visual acuity when ocular disease was in remission.ResultsOf 53 patients (96 eyes), 52 (98.1%) responded to IFN. In 47 patients (88.7%), IFN could be discontinued when the disease was in remission. Twenty of these 47 (42.6%) needed a second treatment course during a median followup of 6.0 years (range 2.0–12.6 years). Visual acuity improved or remained unchanged in 91 eyes (94.8%). Ocular disease was still in remission in 50% of the patients 45.9 months after cessation of the first IFN course. The relapse rate tended to be lower in women than in men. The BD activity score decreased significantly during followup, but long‐term remission of nonocular BD manifestations was not achieved. However, since local treatments were sufficient, no systemic treatment was administered.ConclusionOur findings indicate that IFNα induces long‐lasting remission in patients with severe ocular BD, resulting in a notable improvement in visual prognosis.
Thalamic atrophy associated with painful osteoarthritis of the hip is reversible after arthroplasty: A longitudinal voxel‐based morphometric study
Authors: Gwilym Stephen E. , Filippini Nicola , Douaud Gwenaelle , Carr Andrew J. , Tracey Irene 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjectiveVoxel‐based morphometry (VBM) is a method of assessing brain gray matter volume that has previously been applied to various chronic pain conditions. From this previous work, it appears that chronic pain is associated with altered brain morphology. The present study was undertaken to assess these potential alterations in patients with painful hip osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsWe studied 16 patients with unilateral right‐sided hip pain, before and 9 months after hip arthroplasty. This enabled comparison of gray matter volume in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain versus healthy controls, as well as identification of any changes in volume following alleviation of pain (after surgery). Assessment involved self‐completion questionnaires to assess pain, function, and psychosocial variables, and magnetic resonance imaging scanning of the brain for VBM analysis.ResultsSignificant differences in brain gray matter volume between healthy controls and patients with painful hip arthritis were seen. Specifically, areas of the thalamus in patients with chronic OA pain exhibited decreased gray matter volume. Furthermore, when these preoperative changes were compared with the brain morphology of the patients 9 months after surgery, the areas of reduced thalamic gray matter volume were found to have “reversed” to levels seen in healthy controls.ConclusionOur findings confirm that gray matter volume decreases within the left thalamus in the presence of chronic pain and disability in patients with hip OA. The results also show that these thalamic volume changes reverse after hip arthroplasty and are associated with decreased pain and increased function. These findings have potential implications with regard to optimizing the timing of orthopedic interventions such as arthroplasty.
Cross‐cultural analysis of the Wikipedia community
Authors: Hara Noriko , Shachaf Pnina , Hew Khe Foon 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis article reports a cross‐cultural analysis of four Wikipedias in different languages and demonstrates their roles as communities of practice (CoPs). Prior research on CoPs and on the Wikipedia community often lacks cross‐cultural analysis. Despite the fact that over 75% of Wikipedia is written in languages other than English, research on Wikipedia primarily focuses on the English Wikipedia and tends to overlook Wikipedias in other languages. This article first argues that Wikipedia communities can be analyzed and understood as CoPs. Second, norms of behaviors are examined in four Wikipedia languages (English, Hebrew, Japanese, and Malay), and the similarities and differences across these four languages are reported. Specifically, typical behaviors on three types of discussion spaces (talk, user talk, and Wikipedia talk) are identified and examined across languages. Hofstede's dimensions of cultural diversity as well as the size of the community and the function of each discussion area provide lenses for understanding the similarities and differences. As such, this article expands the research on online CoPs through an examination of cultural variations across multiple CoPs and increases our understanding of Wikipedia communities in various languages.
Interrelations between plasma caffeine concentrations and neurobehavioural effects in healthy volunteers: model analysis using NONMEM
Authors: Seng Kok‐Yong , Teo Wei‐Ling Grace , Fun Chiok‐Yuen David , Law Yu‐Li Lydia , Lim Chin‐Leong 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe objective was to develop a population pharmacokinetic‐pharmacodynamic model of caffeine's psychomotor effects in healthy, non‐habitual users of caffeine. Twenty Chinese males each received a single dose of 250 mg of caffeine orally. Plasma concentrations of caffeine were determined at various times within 24 h after dosing. The subjects' psychomotor performance was evaluated before and at various times after dosing by a test battery consisting of oculomotor assessment (saccadic velocity) as well as the computerised Swedish Performance Evaluation System. Nonlinear mixed‐effects modelling to analyse the pharmacokinetic‐pharmacodynamic relationships was performed using NONMEM. Model robustness was assessed by a nonparametric bootstrap. The results showed that caffeine caused significant improvements in psychomotor functioning. The time course of these effects was best described by pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic models involving an effect compartment. The transfer half‐lives between plasma and effect site for different domains of psychomotor functioning were in the range 24.8–49.5 min. Evaluation of the final models showed close agreement between pairs of bootstrapped and final model parameter estimates (all differences<10%). These results provided the first suggestive evidence that caffeine effects on psychomotor performance occur after some time delay relative to changes in plasma caffeine concentration. The models for the neurobehavioural tests provided similar transfer half‐lives between plasma and effect site. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.