bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CROSS‐DRESSING STRATEGIES IN BENEDIKTE NAUBERT'S FAIRY TALE NOVELLA DER KURZE MANTEL
Authors: Korneeva Tatiana 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT Prior to the advent of feminist studies in the last twenty years, Benedikte Naubert shared the literary destiny of many German women writers of the ‘Goethezeit’. Despite being one of the first professional, and most prolific, writers of her time, she was largely ignored in German scholarship. This essay re‐evaluates Naubert's contribution to German Enlightenment culture through a study of her fairy‐tale novella Der kurze Mantel (1789). In particular, it investigates the forms and functions of narrative cross‐dressing, a technique of creating a complex first‐person male voice that dominates the story. This narrative strategy, as employed by Naubert, works on two levels. By reproducing the misogynist spirit in its portrayal of women as rivals, it invests her fiction with male authority, thus allowing her to avoid censorship and gain access to publication. On the other hand, this analysis reveals that Naubert's use of narrative cross‐dressing ultimately serves to deconstruct dominant gendered identities and give voice to suppressed discourse. This article seeks to address the questions of how literary disguise is accomplished in the novella on the level of plot, motifs and style, its impact on the narrative structure, and its influence on gender discourse in the years to come.Bis zum Aufkommen der feministischen Studien in den letzten zwanzig Jahren teilte Benedikte Naubert das literarische Schicksal von vielen deutschen Schriftstellerinnen der Goethezeit: obwohl sie eine der ersten professionellen und produktivsten Autoren ihrer Zeit war, wurde sie weitgehend in der deutschen Literaturgeschichte ignoriert. Dieser Essay versucht, Nauberts Beitrag zur deutschen Kultur der Aufklärung durch die Fallstudie ihrer Märchennovelle Der kurze Mantel (1789) neu zu bewerten. Insbesondere werden die Formen und Funktionen des narrativen cross‐dressing untersucht, eine Technik der Schaffung einer komplexen männlichen Erzählinstanz, die die Geschichte dominiert. Diese narrative Strategie funktioniert auf zwei Ebenen: durch die misogyne Darstellung der rivalisierenden Frauen stattet sie die Fiktion mit männlicher Autorität aus. Dadurch kann die Verfasserin die männliche Zensur umgehen und letztlich publiziert werden. Andererseits zeigt die Analyse, dass Nauberts Nutzung der erzählerischen Travestie am Ende dazu dient, die dominanten Geschlechtsidentitäten zu dekonstruieren und dem unterdrückten Diskurs ein Sprachrohr zu bieten. Der Aufsatz fragt, wie literarische Verkleidung auf der Ebene von Handlung, Motiven und Stil funktioniert, wie ihre Auswirkungen auf die narrative Struktur aussehen, und wie sie Einfluss auf den Gender‐Diskurs im darauffolgenden Jahrhundert nehmen.
CONSTRUCTING QUEER FEMALE IDENTITIES IN LATE REALIST GERMAN FICTION
Authors: Bailey Gluckman Catherine 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT The end of the nineteenth century in Germany saw a sudden interest in the new scientific discourses on homosexuality. In late realist fiction around this time, queer characters also became more visible than ever before, a phenomenon which has been little explored. Queer female figures are necessarily drawn obliquely in canonical bourgeois texts, and are remarkable for the complexity of the intertextual codes through which their sexuality is revealed. Theodor Fontane's portrait of the opera singer Trippelli in Effi Briest is a key – and hitherto unrecognised – example. Other late realist authors, such as Hedwig Dohm and Gabriele Reuter, also display a highly nuanced understanding of the fluidity of sexual identity. They identify the element of performance which accompanies it, long before the insights of Judith Butler or even Foucault. In contrast, Aimée Duc, in her explicitly lesbian popular fiction, written for a niche market, provides perhaps the most uncomplicated view of female homosexuality. She nonetheless carries off an accomplished interrogation of the prejudices informing Havelock Ellis and Krafft‐Ebing's theories, which continue to colour western conceptions of sexuality to this day.Gegen Ende des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts entwickelte sich in Deutschland ein plötzliches Interesse an den neuen wissenschaftlichen Diskursen über Homosexualität. Auch tauchten erdichtete queere Figuren in der spätrealistischen Literatur immer öfter auf, was bisher jedoch wenig erforscht wurde. Bei kanonischen bürgerlichen Texten sind queere weibliche Figuren zwangsläufig nur verhüllt skizziert, was bemerkenswert komplexe intertextuelle Codes erfordert, welche ihre Sexualität enthüllen. Fontanes Porträt der Sängerin Trippelli in Effi Briest ist ein wichtiges und bisher unbekanntes Beispiel davon. Fontane und andere spätrealistische Autoren, wie Hedwig Dohm und Gabriele Reuter, lange Zeit vor Judith Butler oder sogar Michel Foucault, zeigen auch ein sehr differenziertes Verständnis von der Wechselhaftigkeit der sexuellen, sowie geschlechtlichen Identität, und das eng verbundene Element der kulturellen Performanz. Im Gegensatzt dazu bietet Aimée Duc, die ihre explizit lesbische Unterhaltungsliteratur für einen Nischenmarkt schrieb, vielleicht die unkomplizierteste Darstellung von weiblicher Homosexualität. Dennoch setzt sie eine versierte Abfrage der Vorurteile durch, welche die Theorien von Havelock Ellis und Krafft‐Ebing prägten und westlichen Vorstellungen von Sexualität bis heute beeinflussen.
POSTCOLONIALISM AND MIGRATION INTO GERMANY'S COLONIAL PAST
Authors: Albrecht Monika 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT ‘Postcolonial Germany’ is an over‐used yet under‐theorised term. This paper discusses the question of what is actually happening when colonialism is invoked in comparisons and analogies with contemporary multi‐ethnic Germany. By relating the assumed structural analogies of the colonial and the German multi‐ethnic situation to the earlier analogy between Germans of Turkish descent today and the pre‐war German Jewish community (a somewhat similar field where narratives of relatedness have been employed with similar reasons and objectives), the paper aims to shed some critical light on the more recent linking of colonialism and contemporary multiculturalism. The argument is that connecting the colonial past with the contemporary multi‐ethnic present raises complex issues of comparability or incomparability and touches upon the issue of shared history – and is thus a more complex issue than German postcolonial studies deems it to be. Aside from rethinking the comparisons and analogies currently in use, it is also imperative to broaden the analytical framework to include the current needs and concerns of those cast as the ‘colonised of today’ in the concept of ‘postcolonial Germany’.Die multi‐ethnische Situation in Deutschland wird zunehmend als eine ‘postkoloniale’ verstanden, jedoch ohne dass die theoretischen Implikationen ausreichend reflektiert werden. In diesem Essay geht es um die Frage, was eigentlich geschieht, wenn Vergleiche und Analogien mit dem Kolonialismus geltend gemacht werden, um die gegenwärtige Situation zu erklären. In diesem Sinne werden frühere Analogiebildungen zwischen den damals so genannten Gastarbeitern und der deutsch‐jüdischen Gemeinde im Vorkriegsdeutschland vergleichend herangezogen, um die in jüngerer Zeit aufgekommene Idee von Strukturanalogien zwischen der multi‐ethnischen und der kolonialen Situation in Deutschland kritisch zu beleuchten. Es wird betont, dass die Verbindung von kolonialer Vergangenheit und multi‐ethnischer Gegenwart komplexe Probleme der Vergleichbarkeit und Unvergleichbarkeit und vor allem von gemeinsamer und geteilter Geschichte aufwirft – komplexere Fragen also, als sie im Rahmen der deutschen postkolonialen Studien derzeit gestellt werden. Was in diesem Kontext neben dem grundsätzlichen Überdenken der Vergleiche und Analogien vor allem nötig wäre, ist der Einbezug der tatsächlichen Bedürfnisse und Belange der zu ‘kolonialen Subjekten’ Erklärten, die in dem theoretisch und analytisch gefassten Rahmen eines ‘postkolonialen Deutschland’ gegenwärtig ausgeschlossen bleiben.
The “electrophysiological sandwich”: A method for amplifying ERP priming effects
Authors: Ktori Maria , Grainger Jonathan , Dufau Stéphane , Holcomb Phillip J. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe describe the results of a study that combines ERP recordings and sandwich priming, a variant of masked priming that provides a brief preview of the target prior to prime presentation (S. J. Lupker & C. J. Davis, 2009). This has been shown to increase the size of masked priming effects seen in behavioral responses. We found the same increase in sensitivity to ERP priming effects in an orthographic priming experiment manipulating the position of overlap of letters shared by primes and targets. Targets were 6‐letter words and primes were formed of the 1st, 3rd, 4th, and 6th letters of targets in the related condition. Primes could be concatenated or hyphenated and could be centered on fixation or displaced by two letter spaces to the left or right. Priming effects with concatenated and/or displaced primes only started to emerge at 250 ms post‐target onset, whereas priming effects from centrally located hyphenated primes emerged about 100 ms earlier.
The influence of cultural background in intercultural dementia care: exemplified by Sami patients
Authors: Hanssen Ingird 
Published: June 2012

Scand J Caring Sci; 2013; 27; 231–237

The influence of cultural background in intercultural dementia care: exemplified by Sami patients
Aim:  To gain knowledge about how the original culture may influence communication and interaction with institutionalised patients with dementia and of what particular cultural aspects may come to the fore, exemplified by Sami patients.Method:  Qualitative narrative interviews with 15 interviewees, family members of Sami patients with dementia and nursing staff experienced with dementia care were conducted. Hermeneutic, thematic analysis was used.Findings:  Although the way dementia influence mental functions, language, etc. is universal, behaviours, reactions and responses may be coloured by the patient’s background culture. Knowledge of language, cultural codes and the patient’s former life are primary keys to understanding. Rhythm of life, spirituality, singing and tangible aspects of traditional culture like clothes and food constitute important aspects of culture‐appropriate care.
The serum hepcidin:ferritin ratio is a potential biomarker for cirrhosis
Authors: Tan Terrence C. H. , Crawford Darrell H. G. , Franklin Michael E. , Jaskowski Lesley A. , Macdonald Graeme A. , Jonsson Julie R. , Watson Melanie J. , Taylor Paul J. , Fletcher Linda M. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackgroundSerum hepcidin concentration is potentially affected by inflammation and iron stores in chronic liver disease (CLD), but little is known about the relationship between hepcidin and the degree of hepatic fibrosis. We investigated the potential role of serum hepcidin as a biomarker of advanced liver disease.MethodsSerum hepcidin was measured in 332 adults with CLD of varying aetiologies, 45 healthy and 50 non‐liver disease patient controls. Liver biopsy data were available for 228 CLD subjects.ResultsHepcidin was decreased in CLD patients compared with non‐liver disease patient controls (P < 0.0001) but not healthy controls, and was lowest in those with cirrhosis (P < 0.0001). Serum hepcidin correlated with hepatic hepcidin mRNA expression in 91 biopsy samples available for genetic analysis (r = 0.68, P < 0.0001). Hepcidin also correlated positively with serum ferritin concentration, transferrin saturation, ALT, serum albumin and haemoglobin, but negatively with serum bilirubin. The hepcidin:ferritin ratio was significantly lower in CLD subjects compared with healthy and disease controls, and decreased with each increase in the stage of fibrosis and siderosis. The hepcidin:ferritin ratio was associated with progressive fibrosis on linear regression, and a value of less than 0.1 was independently associated with cirrhosis on logistic regression analyses (OR 5.54, P < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed the hepcidin:ferritin ratio was able to distinguish between F0 and F4 stages of fibrosis (area under receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.86).ConclusionsThe hepcidin:ferritin ratio is reduced in relation to increasing fibrosis in CLD and the use of this ratio may have potential future diagnostic implications as a marker of cirrhosis.
Helicobacter Pylori Breath Testing in an Open Access System has a High Rate of Potentially False Negative Results due to Protocol Violations
Authors: Olafsson Snorri , Patel Bhaveshkumar , Jackson Christian , Cai Jin 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackgroundAmong available tests to detect Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), urea breath test (UBT) is the most accurate when performed correctly in research protocols with unknown validity in clinic settings.Material and MethodsA total of 595 subjects at a gastroenterology clinic were tested 620 times with UBT. Detailed information about three known factors (recent proton‐pump inhibitors (PPI), antibiotics, or bismuth, H. pylori eradication treatment finished <4 weeks ago, and gastric resection) to make UBT unreliable were prospectively recorded before each test.ResultsTwenty‐three percent (120 of 526) of all negative tests fell in one or more of the three categories, which had the potential to make UBT unreliable. Of those carried out on persons without being treated before, the potential false negative rate was 15%. Among those with previous eradication treatment, the rate was around 45%.ConclusionsIf a negative UBT could be false negative in up to 23% of cases, then it has a serious lack of negative predictive value. A negative UBT should be considered false negative until potential protocol violations are excluded.
What If the Aztec Empire Never Existed? The Prerequisites of Empire and the Politics of Plausible Alternative Histories
Authors: Morehart Christopher T. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT  This article studies archaeological and local versions of the past at Xaltocan, Mexico. At Xaltocan, the past provides a vehicle for statements of ethnic, national, and community identity. Community organizations seek to glorify the town as the descendant of an ancient kingdom that, had a different constellation of historical processes transpired, could have become both the center of an empire and a nation. This process raises questions regarding archaeology's utility and points of convergence and divergence between archaeological and local versions of the past. Rather than disregard the local appropriation of archaeological knowledge, this article attempts both to recognize the relationship between the past and identity politics and to assess local claims by examining archaeological and historical data. This article also considers the problems of this project, particularly the unintended consequences of archaeological research connected to identity politics. [identity, heritage, empire, Mexico, Aztec empire]RESUMEN Este artículo estudia las versiones arqueológicas y locales del pasado en Xaltocan, México. En Xaltocan, el pasado proporciona un vehículo para la manifestación de la identidad étnica, nacional y comunitaria. Las organizaciones de la comunidad tratan de glorificar a la ciudad como descendientes de un antiguo reino que, habiendose dado una constelación diferente de procesos históricos, podría haberse convertido en el centro de un imperio y una nación. Este proceso plantea dudas sobre la utilidad de la arqueología y los puntos de convergencia y divergencia entre las versiones arqueológicas y locales del pasado. Este artículo intenta reconocer la relación entre el pasado y las políticas de identidad y evaluar los reclamos locales mediante el examen de los datos arqueológicos e históricos. También, este artículo considera los problemas de este proyecto, en particular, las consecuencias impremeditadas de la investigación arqueológica ligadas a la política de identidad.
Survival of molar teeth after resective periodontal therapy – A retrospective study
Authors: Lee Ka Leung , Corbet Esmonde F. , Leung W. Keung 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAimTo study outcomes of molar teeth after resective therapy performed with the intention to prolong the lifespan of teeth having one or more unsaveable roots, and without which tooth extraction would be inevitable.Material and MethodsClinical records of 149 subjects who had undergone resective therapy were retrieved. Demography and dental history were recorded, and a recall examination was undertaken. Cox regression models were performed.ResultsOf the 149 resective therapies, 132 (88.6%) were performed for periodontal reasons. Eighty‐nine (59.7%) teeth subjected to resective therapies had been extracted by the time of recall (mean 10 years post‐resection). The median survival period was 74 months. Factors significantly associated with shorter survival duration of teeth subjected to resective therapy were: age at resective therapy; pre‐operative radiographic bone height of the remaining root(s) <50%; pre‐treatment mobility II or above and not being splinted to neighbouring teeth nor incorporated as a bridge abutment.ConclusionThere was increased risk of tooth loss with increasing age at resection, grade II mobility or above, and reduced pre‐operative radiographic bone heights around roots to remain. Splinting of a resected tooth to neighbouring teeth appeared to confer a protective effect towards its survival.
Variable haematological and clinical presentation of β‐thalassaemia carriers and homozygotes with the Poly A (T→C) mutation in the Indian population
Authors: Italia Khushnooma , Sawant Pratibha , Surve Reema , Wadia Marukh , Nadkarni Anita , Ghosh Kanjaksha , Colah Roshan 
Published: June 2012

AbstractObjectivesTo study the varied clinical and haematological profile of β‐thalassaemia homozygotes, compound heterozygotes and heterozygotes with the Poly A (T→C) mutation and its implication in prenatal diagnosis.Materials and methodsForty individuals were included in the study. Peripheral smear examination, complete blood count and haemoglobin analysis were carried out. β‐thalassaemia mutation analysis was carried out by reverse‐dot‐blot hybridization, amplification refractory mutation system and DNA sequencing of the β‐globin gene.ResultsFive of the six β‐thalassaemia homozygotes with the Poly A (T→C) mutation and five individuals who were compound heterozygous for the Poly A (T→C) mutation along with another common Indian β‐thalassaemia mutation showed a severe β‐thalassaemia major phenotype, while one individual presented as a thalassaemia intermedia. Majority of the 28 heterozygous individuals with this mutation showed borderline HbA2 (mean HbA2 = 3.7 ± 0.4%) levels as compared to individuals with common β‐thalassaemia mutations (mean HbA2 = 5.2 ± 1.4%). The Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) levels in individuals heterozygous for the Poly A (T→C) mutation (mean MCV 70.0 ± 5.2 fl) were significantly higher than in individuals with other common β‐thalassaemia mutations (mean MCV 60.7 ± 7.7 fl) (P < 0.001).ConclusionIt is important to identify these often silent carriers of β‐thalassaemia for prenatal diagnosis as homozygotes have a severe disease.
Crown reattachment with complicated chisel‐type fracture using fiber‐reinforced post
Authors: Stojanac Igor , Ramic Bojana , Premovic Milica , Drobac Milan , Petrovic Ljubomir 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIntroductionMaxillary incisors and specifically their crowns are the most common teeth involved in dental trauma because of their exposed position in the dental arch. Traumatized anterior teeth require quick functional and esthetic repair. In the case of a complex crown fracture, with the necessity of endodontic treatment, fiber‐reinforced posts (FRC) were used to create a central support stump to restore the dental morphology.Case reportA 24‐year‐old male patient came to the dental clinic with dental injury to the maxillary left central incisor with a chisel‐type fracture that extended subgingivally with a widely open pulp chamber. The patient reported a sports injury had occurred 1 day before. Provisional reposition of the crown was completed using a composite splint and after that endodontic treatment has been performed. Two days later, a fiber‐reinforced composite resin post was placed into the canal and adhesive reattachment of the fragment also completed. The tooth was prepared for a composite resin veneer in the gingival third of the vestibular surface because of a visible fracture line.ConclusionsThe combined use of a fiber‐reinforced composite resin post and the original crown fragment is a simple and efficient procedure for the treatment of traumatized anterior teeth that appears to offer pleasing esthetic and functional results that is less invasive than conventional prosthodontic treatment.
Restoration of native plant communities in a Hawaiian dry lowland ecosystem dominated by the invasive grass Megathyrsus maximus
Authors: Ammondt Selita A. , Litton Creighton M. , Ellsworth Lisa M. , Leary James K. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractQuestionsHow does a highly degraded Hawaiian tropical dry lowland ecosystem dominated by the non‐native invasive Megathyrsus maximus (guinea grass) respond to different restoration treatments (three native species outplanting treatments; four native broadcast seed treatments)? What effect do restoration treatments have on invasive and native species groundcover, biomass and physiological activity, and volumetric soil water content?LocationWaianae Kai Forest Reserve, Island of Oahu, Hawaii, USA.MethodsThe invasive grass M. maximus was suppressed by initial mowing and pre‐ and post‐planting herbicide applications. Native species were added in three outplant and four broadcast seed treatments in a complete randomized block design. Native species and M. maximus growth and ecophysiology, and volumetric soil water content were quantified for 8 mo following treatment establishment.ResultsNative species outplant survival ranged from 38% to 67%. Cover of M. maximus was significantly reduced in all outplant treatments compared with control and treated control (mowing and herbicide without native species additions), but did not differ across outplant treatments. Of the native species, Dodonaea viscosa biomass was higher than Cordia subcordata, while other native species did not differ. Maximum photosynthetic rates (Amax) did not differ across species in July. However, in August (drier period), M. maximus exhibited lower Amax than all native species except T. populnea, indicating adaptive dormancy during drought. Broadcast seeding with native species was not an effective restoration treatment, as field germination ranged from 0.5% to 2.3%.ConclusionsEcological restoration of highly invaded Hawaiian tropical dry lowland ecosystems can be mediated through aggressive invasive species suppression and native species outplanting. Recommendations for restoration include initial removal of invasive grasses, adaptive suppression of grasses post‐outplanting, and utilization of diverse native species assemblages that are ecophysiologically adapted to local conditions and competitive with M. maximus.
What's the Point of a Point Estimate?
Authors: Morris Danielle 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
In our December 2011 issue the Young Statisticians Section of the Royal Statistical Society set a competition open to all young statisticians. It was to write an article for Significance, explaining some aspect of statistics in terms that anyone, statistically knowledgeable or not, could understand and relate to. The standard was extremely high. Over the coming months we shall be publishing several of them, here and on our website, where a fuller report of the competition is also published. We chose five runners-up: Ethan Brown, Kevin Wilson, Linda Wijlaars, Patrick Rhodes and Douglas VanDerwerken. Douglas's piece appears on page 40. This piece, by Danielle Morris, was judged the winner.