bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technetium ‐ The Unknown Center of the Periodic Table
Authors: Strub Erik , Badea Désirée , Bruns Jörn , Frontera Antonio , Mayordomo Natalia , Sakhonenkova Anna , Jungfer Maximilian Roca , Wickleder Mathias , Yong Clarence , Zegke Markus 
Published: February 2025

This review paper sets a focus on the developments of the chemistry of technetium during the last decade, their implications, and future perspectives. Sections of this review are devoted to different aspects, covering physicochemical data, fundamental inorganic chemistry, complex chemistry, computational chemistry and geochemistry. Although the focus is explicitely not on the radiopharmaceutically important use of the isotope 99mTc, several interconnections to radopharmacy as well as between the different fields are illustrated.
Ten Minutes of Core Stabilisation Exercise Result in Local Exercise‐Induced Hypoalgesia in Patients With Chronic Unspecific Low Back Pain
Authors: Tomschi Fabian , Zschunke Andre , Hilberg Thomas 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundCore stabilisation training is known to be effective in managing pain in patients suffering from chronic low back pain (CLBP). Yet, acute effects of core stabilisation exercise on exercise‐induced hypoalgesia (EIH) are largely unknown. This study aimed to examine the EIH effects of an easy‐to‐perform core stabilisation exercise in CLBP patients and to explore associations between EIH and potential influencing factors (i.e., physical activity, catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, subjective pain state and exercise exertion).MethodsThirty patients with unspecific CLBP finished this randomised controlled crossover trial. Patients performed a 10‐min isometric core stabilisation exercise and a 10‐min control session. Before and after, pain sensitivity was measured via pressure pain thresholds [Newton/cm2] locally (low back; PPTlocal) and remotely (forehead, thumb; PPTremote). Correlation analyses were performed between EIH and influencing factors.ResultsA ‘Time’ × ‘Intervention’ interaction (p < 0.001) was observed for PPTlocal with post hoc analysis revealing higher values post exercise (p < 0.001; pre: 56.6 ± 20.6, post: 67.5 ± 26.1). No differences were observed for the control session (p = 0.894; pre: 58.5 ± 24.0, post: 58.4 ± 23.3). No such effect was observed for PPTremote (p = 0.014). Post hoc analyses showed no differences following the exercise session (p = 0.103; pre: 41.3 ± 12.5, post: 42.5 ± 13.6), while lower PPTremote post values were observed post control compared to pre values (p = 0.031; 42.5 ± 14.5, post: 41.3 ± 13.7). The only significant moderate correlation was observed between ΔPPTlocal of the exercise session and catastrophizing with rho = −0.381.ConclusionA 10‐min isometric core stabilisation exercise results in local lumbar EIH, while no systemic effects are observed. A higher degree of catastrophizing is associated with lower hypoalgesic responses.SignificanceThis study shows for the first time that a brief and easy‐to‐perform 10‐min core stabilisation exercise produces significant local pain relief (EIH) in patients with unspecific CLBP. The effect is localised to the lumbar region, with no observed impact on remote sites. Higher pain catastrophizing seems to be linked to reduced hypoalgesic response. These findings support the use of short core stabilisation exercises as an effective, immediate, non‐pharmacological pain management strategy for these patients.
Optimization and Enhancement of Tensile Strength and Elongation at Failure in Basalt/Glass Fiber Polymer Composites With MWCNTs + SiO2 Hybrid Nanofillers Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Sathish T. , Boobalan V. , Giri Jayant , Hourani Ahmad O. , Santhosh A. Johnson , Nasri Faouzi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study focuses on optimizing the tensile performance of basalt/glass fiber‐reinforced polymer composites enhanced with hybrid nanofillers, comprising equal proportions of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and silicon dioxide (SiO2). The nanofiller content is evaluated at weight percentages of 0%, 1%, and 2%. Using response surface methodology (RSM), the research investigates the interactive effects of three key parameters: filler weight (0%–2%), molding pressure (5–15 MPa), and sonication time (10–30 min) on the mechanical performance of the composites. A Box–Benkhen design was adopted to develop predictive models and establish optimal processing conditions for maximizing the mechanical properties. The tensile test (as per ASTM D 638 standard) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed. It was found that filler weight plays a dominating role in the tensile performance of hybrid nanocomposites, followed by molding pressure and sonication time. A predictive mathematical model was developed for each response. The maximum tensile strength of 267 MPa and an elongation at failure of 2.25% were achieved at a filler weight of 1%, molding pressure of 15 MPa, and sonication time of 30 min, corresponding to run order 16. The hybrid nanofillers synergistically enhance the load transfer efficiency and interfacial bonding, as observed through microstructural analysis using SEM. Statistical analysis validated the accuracy and reliability of the developed models, demonstrating robust correlation coefficients between actual and predicted values. The results highlight the potential of RSM as a strong tool for optimizing hybrid nanocomposite properties, paving the way for advanced material design in structural applications.
Impact of Ammonium Triflate on Iota Carrageenan Solid Biopolymer Electrolytes for Electrochemical Devices
Authors: Vijayan Moniha , Kaliyaperumal Venkatesh , Manavalan Premalatha , Sampath Monisha , Selvasankar Selvalakshmi , Rajendran Premkumar , Marimuthu Alagar , Balakrishnan Sundaresan 
Published: February 2025

A free‐standing, flexible polysaccharide‐based natural solid polymer electrolyte composed of i‐Carrageenan doped with various concentrations of ammonium triflate is created via the solution casting approach. An investigation was conducted into the effects of ionic dopant on the structural, vibrational, thermal, dielectric, transport, and electrochemical properties of created solid polymer electrolyte. Structural analysis (X‐ray difraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) proves the non‐crystalline nature and the interaction between dopant salt and biopolymer. The maximum conductivity of 1.27 × 10−3 Scm−1 is achieved for the sample containing 1 g i‐Carrageenan and 0.3 wt% of ammonium triflate. Dielectric studies reveal that highest conducting membrane shows maximum ε′ and ε″ values. Thermal studies indicate that low glass transition temperature of 28 °C for the highest conducting membrane. Primary proton battery and single polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell with the highest conducting membrane were fabricated, and their properties are examined. Open‐circuit voltages of proton battery and fuel cell are observed to be 1.03 V and 631 mV, respectively.
Economic Operation for V2G Technology and Multiple Influence Factors Extraction of EV Penetration
Authors: Qu Yanqing 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTElectric vehicles (EVs) are likely to have a continuing presence in the vehicle market all over the world for the next few decades. The rapid development of large‐scale applications of EVs in China has provided a foundation for the implementation of vehicle‐to‐grid (V2G) technology. V2G can help EVs participate in grid regulation services. Based on the economic model of EV integration with the grid, the regulation ability and potential economic and environmental benefits brought by EV high penetration are analyzed using relevant data from Shanghai. Analysis results show that EV participation with V2G capability can not only reduce EV expenditures but also provide peak load‐shifting service. Further analyses show that with the increase of EV charging power and peak‐valley electricity price ratio and the decrease of battery loss cost, the economic benefits of V2G applications will increase. The large‐scale development of EVs also can effectively reduce CO2 emissions according to the model proposed.
Tests on the mitigation of dry granular flows induced by mountain landslides using ring‐net technologies
Authors: Wang Bin , Tian Hongyan , Su Lijun , Xiao Siyou , Liu Zhenyu , Miao Shuaisheng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractROCCO ring‐net flexible barriers play a crucial role in mitigating granular flows induced by landslides in steep mountainous regions. In geotechnical engineering practice, the design of these barriers critically depends on two key factors: the maximum jump height of the granular flow and its peak impact force. While ring‐net flexible barriers are known for their deformability and permeability, these characteristics remain poorly understood from a quantitative perspective. To further reveal the impact‐jump mechanisms of granular flows against ROCCO ring‐net flexible barriers, an array of small‐scale laboratory flume experiments were conducted. To modify the permeability of the barrier, three groups of particles with different median diameters were configured to control the relative diameter ratios between the ring‐net mesh size and the grains from 2.0 to 3.6. The flow depth and velocity of the incoming granular flow were adjusted by altering the channel inclination to ensure the Froude number between 3 and 10 for dynamic similarity. Specifically accounting for barrier deformation and material outflow, the semi‐empirical analytical models, grounded in the principles of momentum and mass conservation, were established. Futhermore, the proposed models were validated by comparing the normalized jump height, and the impact force coefficient at the moment of peak impact force between the prediction value and the experiment data. The experimental results show that both the incoming flow characteristics and the relative diameter ratio λ jointly determine the impact‐jump mechanisms: pile‐up or run‐up. A larger λ tends to transition the impact‐jump mechanism from pile‐up to run‐up under the flow conditions with a high Froude number Fr, while the corresponding maximum granular jump height and peak impact force decrease as expected. Comparison between the proposed models and experimental results indicates that barrier deflection determines the upper limit of the jump height, while the lower limit is further controlled by the outflow mass flux. The improved hydro‐dynamic impact force model can adequately address most run‐up scenarios, whereas, for pile‐up cases, the contribution of the hydro‐static force should also be considered.
Different styles of subglacial soft bed hydrology: Examples from Breiðamerkurjökull and Fjallsjökull, Iceland
Authors: Hart Jane K. , Martinez Kirk , Baurley Nathaniel , Robson Benjamin A. , Andrews Amelia 
Published: February 2025

AbstractGlacier behaviour and its response to climate change is partially controlled by the flow of water at the base of the glacier. The subglacial hydrology associated with soft ‐bedded glaciers is particularly poorly understood, even though numerous modern and palaeo‐glaciers flow over unconsolidated sediments. We have investigated glacier dynamics at two adjacent soft‐bedded Icelandic glaciers via a study of surface velocity. This included short‐term changes in surface velocity using a custom‐built low‐cost GNSS system, as well as with Sentinel‐1 velocity data. In addition, we have used PlanetScope scenes to investigate the occurrence of sediment plumes in a glacial lagoon as a proxy for meltwater discharge and modelled the hydrology associated with the lake. Our results show that at Fjallsjökull and Breiðamerkurjökull West, there is a pattern of winter speed‐up events associated with warmer days (termed winter events) and similar events in spring. At Breiðamerkurjökull East and Central, there are fewer winter speed‐up events and a distinct spring event. We suggest there are at least two different styles of soft‐bedded glacier behaviour related to subglacial meltwater storage. At Fjallsjökull and Breiðamerkurjökull West, we propose there is a multichannel distributed subglacial hydrological system, whereby during summer, excess meltwater is stored within the subglacial hydrological system and the till, which is partly released throughout the year resulting in speed‐up events. In contrast, at Breiðamerkurjökull East and Central, it is proposed there is a summer channelized drainage, caused by a combination of the presence of the deep proglacial lagoon and high meltwater flux and subglacial transmissivity. As a consequence of this, subglacial meltwater storage is limited, resulting in fewer winter speed‐up events and a distinct spring event. Thus, we suggest that these different subglacial hydrological systems associated with soft‐bedded glaciers can be distinguished via distinct variations in their seasonal velocity.
Decoding Chemical Profiles, Biological Functions, and Medicinal Properties of Liquidambar orientalis Extracts Through Molecular Modeling and Bioinformatic Methods
Authors: Baloglu Mehmet Cengiz , Ozer Lutfiye Yildiz , Pirci Buket , Altunoglu Yasemin Celik , Soomro Sanam Iram , Zengin Gokhan , Cetiz Mehmet Veysi , Carradori Simone , Cziáky Zoltán , Jekő József 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTLiquidambar orientalis, the Anatolian sweetgum tree, is a relict and endemic species in Southwestern Turkey, traditionally used for therapeutic purposes. Our study comprehensively evaluated the therapeutic potential of L. orientalis extracts from its aerial parts to maximize bioactive compound extraction using methanol, ethyl acetate, and water as solvents. The methanolic extract exhibited the highest phenolic (73.04 ± 3.94 mg gallic acid equivalent [GAE]/g) and flavonoid content (48.86 ± 0.76 mg rutin equivalent [RE]/g), demonstrating superior antioxidant activity in 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (256.61 ± 1.70 mg Trolox equivalent [TE]/g), 2,2′‐azinobis‐(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS) (308.41 ± 3.14 mg TE/g), and cupric ion–reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) (411.13 ± 8.48 mg TE/g) assays. It also showed significant enzyme inhibition for acetylcholinesterase (4.43 ± 0.09 mg galanthamine equivalent [GALAE]/g), tyrosinase (149.16 ± 1.14 mg kojic acid equivalent [KAE]/g), amylase (0.93 ± 0.02 mmol acarbose equivalent [ACAE]/g), and glucosidase (1.60 ± 0.01 mmol ACAE/g), suggesting potential applications in neurodegenerative disease management, skincare, and diabetes treatment. Furthermore, methanol and water extracts displayed promising antimicrobial activity due to phenolic compounds such as chlorogenic acid and methyl‐3‐O‐caffeoyl quinate. The methanolic extract exhibited potent anticancer effects against lung cancer (A549) cells, with significant reductions in cell viability and induction of autophagy. The aqueous extract showed remarkable efficacy against prostate cancer (PC3) cells, modulating apoptosis markers. Breast cancer cells (MDA‐MB‐231) exhibited differential responses, with ethyl acetate extract promoting apoptosis and water extract–enhancing autophagy. Furthermore, molecular docking and dynamics simulations provided additional evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of key phytochemicals from L. orientalis, particularly afzelin and epigallocatechin, against cancer‐related targets and bacterial enzymes. Overall, this study fills a gap in understanding the enzyme inhibitory and diverse anticancer effects of L. orientalis extracts, highlighting its potential multi‐targeted therapeutic applications, particularly in cancer therapy.
The Analysis and Comparison of Anti‐Inflammatory and Antioxidant Characteristics of Postbiotic and Paraprobiotic Derived From Novel Native Probiotic Cocktail in DSS‐Induced Colitic Mice
Authors: Rezaie Niloofar , Aghamohammad Shadi , Khiavi Elham Haj Agha Gholizadeh , Talebi Malihe , Pourshafie Mohammad Reza , Rohani Mahdi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTOxidative stress, particularly when precipitated by the intake of a diet rich in fats, has the potential to induce an inflammatory state. Therefore, it is crucial to consider the administration of agents possessing antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties for the benefit of these patients. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability of postbiotic and paraprobiotic substances to regulate oxidative stress and inflammation. We hypothesized that both postbiotics and paraprobiotics could demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, with distinct differences in their effectiveness. A total of 88 Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains were assessed for antioxidant activity. Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups: HFD + PBS, HFD + DSS, HFD + DSS + postbiotic, and HFD + DSS + paraprobiotic. Various parameters, including weight change, disease activity index, and gene expression analysis, as well as enzymes involved in oxidative activities and inflammation were evaluated after treatment with derivatives of six selected strains. In comparison with the groups exposed to DSS, mice treated with a combination of postbiotic and paraprobiotic alongside DSS exhibited a reduction in DSS‐induced negative effects on both phenotypical characteristics and molecular indices, particularly the Nrf2‐ and NF‐kB‐related genes, with a notable focus on postbiotic. Based on the results, it can be inferred that despite the utilization of an unhealthy regime that may worsen oxidative stress and inflammation, the condition can be efficiently controlled by employing secure variations of probiotics, such as paraprobiotic and postbiotic components, with a particular emphasis on postbiotics.
Multi‐Cohort Analysis Reveals Genetic Predispositions to Clonal Hematopoiesis as Mutation‐Specific Risk Factors for Stroke
Authors: Lin Shuyang , Li Yang E. , Wang Yan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRecent observational studies have found an association between Clonal Hematopoesis (CH) and strokes but with incomplete results. This study aims to comprehensively characterize mutation‐specific effects of CH on ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke subtypes and 90‐day functional outcomes through publicly available genome‐wide association study (GWAS) cohorts and Mendelian Randomization. TET2 is associated with an increased risk of overall stroke (OR = 1.06, P = 0.02), ischemic stroke (OR = 1.05, P = 0.03), transient ischemic attack (OR = 1.07, P = 0.01) and small vessel stroke (OR = 1.29, P = 0.01), as well as adverse 90‐day modified Rankin scale (mRS ≥ 3) before (OR = 1.34, P = 0.005) and after adjusted for age, sex, and stroke severity (OR = 1.30, P = 0.02). While the presence of any CH mutation is associated with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) (OR = 1.21, P = 0.02), specific mutations, SRSF2 and ASXL1 are protective against ICH (OR = 0.9, P = 0.04) and nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (OR = 0.92, P = 0.03), respectively. In conclusion, the study provided genetic evidence that TET2 is strongly associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke and poor functional recovery. Future studies clarifying the relationship between CH and hemorrhagic stroke subtypes are needed.
Static and Dynamic Cross‐Network Functional Connectivity Shows Elevated Entropy in Schizophrenia Patients
Authors: Maksymchuk Natalia , Miller Robyn L. , Bustillo Juan R. , Ford Judith M. , Mathalon Daniel H. , Preda Adrian , Pearlson Godfrey D. , Calhoun Vince D. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSchizophrenia (SZ) patients exhibit abnormal static and dynamic functional connectivity across various brain domains. We present a novel approach based on static and dynamic inter‐network connectivity entropy (ICE), which represents the entropy of a given network's connectivity to all the other brain networks. This novel approach enables the investigation of how connectivity strength is heterogeneously distributed across available targets in both SZ patients and healthy controls. We analyzed fMRI data from 151 SZ patients and 160 demographically matched healthy controls (HC). Our assessment encompassed both static and dynamic ICE, revealing significant differences in the heterogeneity of connectivity levels across available functional brain networks between SZ patients and HC. These networks are associated with subcortical (SC), auditory (AUD), sensorimotor (SM), visual (VIS), cognitive control (CC), default mode network (DMN), and cerebellar (CB) functional brain domains. Elevated ICE observed in individuals with SZ suggests that patients exhibit significantly higher randomness in the distribution of time‐varying connectivity strength across functional regions from each source network, compared to HC. C‐means fuzzy clustering analysis of functional ICE correlation matrices revealed that SZ patients exhibit significantly higher occupancy weights in clusters with weak, low‐scale functional entropy correlation, while the control group shows greater occupancy weights in clusters with strong, large‐scale functional entropy correlation. K‐means clustering analysis on time‐indexed ICE vectors revealed that cluster with highest ICE have higher occupancy rates in SZ patients whereas clusters characterized by lowest ICE have larger occupancy rates for control group. Furthermore, our dynamic ICE approach revealed that in HC, the brain primarily communicates through complex, less structured connectivity patterns, with occasional transitions into more focused patterns. Individuals with SZ are significantly less likely to attain these more focused and structured transient connectivity patterns. The proposed ICE measure presents a novel framework for gaining deeper insight into mechanisms of healthy and diseased brain states and represents a useful step forward in developing advanced methods to help diagnose mental health conditions.
Are Text‐Message Based Programmes Targeting Adolescents and Their Parents an Acceptable Approach to Preventing Adolescent e‐Cigarette Use?
Authors: Barnes Courtney , Janssen Lisa , Mantach Stephanie , McCrabb Sam , Turon Heidi , Groombridge Daniel , Bartlem Kate , Bialek Caitlin , Couper Lucy , Wolfenden Luke 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIssue AddressedIncreasing rates of e‐cigarette use amongst adolescents has been identified as a public health concern, due to negative health effects and the association with an increased risk of tobacco use. Effective strategies to prevent e‐cigarette uptake are required. Text‐message programmes represent a potentially effective and cost‐effective approach, that is also minimally invasive, but acceptability amongst adolescents and their parents is unclear. This study aims to explore adolescent and parental acceptability of a text‐message programme designed to prevent adolescent e‐cigarette use.MethodsAdolescents (12–15 years) and their parents were recruited as part of a larger factorial randomised controlled trial (RCT). Participants allocated to the intervention conditions received a series of 12 text‐messages addressing topics such as knowledge of harms, social norms, and refusal skills. At 6‐month follow‐up, participants answered four questions regarding the acceptability of the text‐messages.ResultsIn a sample of 30 adolescents and 35 parents, most parents agreed the messages were acceptable (94%) and would recommend them to peers (91%). Amongst adolescents, 77% agreed the messages were acceptable and 73% would recommend them to peers.ConclusionsThese preliminary findings suggest text‐messages designed to prevent e‐cigarette use are acceptable to adolescents and their parents and represent a promising prevention strategy. Effectiveness of the programme on outcomes such as e‐cigarette use susceptibility will be explored through the RCT currently underway.So What?Text‐messages aiming to prevent adolescents from using e‐cigarettes represents an acceptable intervention for both adolescents and their parents, but effectiveness still needs to be established.