bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Актуальні проблеми мобілізаційної підготовки та мобілізації в Збройних Силах України та рекомендації з їх розв’язання
Authors: Фролов В. , Лобко M. , Кириченко С. 
Published: February 2025

Із здобуттям Україною незалежності, утворенням власних Збройних Сил у нашій державі були визначені основи мобілізаційної підготовки та мобілізації. Зазначені основи базувалась на мобілізаційній системі бувшого СРСР. Однак вона мала і низку особливостей пов’язаних в основному з тим, що Україна набула статусу “суверенної і незалежної, демократичної, соціальної, правової держави”. Досвід проведених мобілізаційних навчань (тренувань) показує, що на той час організація мобілізаційної підготовки та мобілізації у значній мірі задовольняла потреби Збройних Сил України і Воєнної організації держави у цілому.
Проведений аналіз стану мобілізаційної підготовки в Україні, хід проведення мобілізації в умовах агресії РФ проти України показує, що часткові заходи для її покращення на сьогодні вже не вирішують нагальні проблеми.
У статті на основі аналізу вітчизняного законодавства, досвіду проведення мобілізації в Україні висвітлюються проблеми, що виникли у цій сфері та з урахуванням особистого службового досвіду надаються рекомендації щодо реформування мобілізаційної підготовки та мобілізації в Збройних Силах України за умов широкомасштабної збройної агресії Російської Федерації, що триває.
Розкриваються поняття “мобілізаційна підготовка”, “мобілізація”, “система забезпечення мобілізаційної підготовки та мобілізації” “план мобілізаційної підготовки”. Надаються рекомендації щодо проведення організаційних та структурних заходів у Міноборони та Збройних Силах України для підвищення рівня функціонування системи забезпечення мобілізаційної підготовки та мобілізації.
Evaluating the feasibility of using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy framework to assess implementation strategies for digital mental health applications activations: a proof of concept study
Authors: Aydin Ayla , van Ballegooijen Wouter , Cornelisz Ilja , Etzelmueller Anne 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundDespite the effectiveness and potential of digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) in routine care, their uptake remains low. In Germany, digital mental health applications (DiGA), certified as low-risk medical devices, can be prescribed by healthcare professionals (HCPs) to support the treatment of mental health conditions. The objective of this proof-of-concept study was to evaluate the feasibility of using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) framework when assessing implementation strategies.MethodsWe tested the feasibility of the MOST by employing a 24 exploratory retrospective factorial design on existing data. We assessed the impact of the implementation strategies (calls, online meetings, arranged and walk-in on-site meetings) individually and in combination, on the number of DiGA activations in a non-randomized design. Data from N = 24,817 HCPs were analyzed using non-parametric tests.ResultsThe results primarily demonstrated the feasibility of applying the MOST to a non-randomized setting. Furthermore, analyses indicated significant differences between the groups of HCPs receiving specific implementation strategies [χ2 (15) = 1,665.2, p &lt; .001, ɛ2 = 0.07]. Combinations of implementation strategies were associated with significantly more DiGA activations. For example, combinations of arranged and walk-in on-site meetings showed higher activation numbers (e.g., Z = 10.60, p &lt; 0.001, χ2 = 1,665.24) compared to those receiving other strategies. We found a moderate positive correlation between the number of strategies used and activation numbers (r = 0.30, p &lt; 0.001).Discussion and limitationsThese findings support the feasibility of using the MOST to evaluate implementation strategies in digital mental health care. It also gives an exploratory example on how to conduct factorial designs with information on implementation strategies. However, limitations such as non-random assignment, underpowered analysis, and varying approaches to HCPs affect the robustness and generalizability of the results. Despite these limitations, the results demonstrate that the MOST is a viable method for assessing implementation strategies, highlighting the importance of planning and optimizing strategies before their implementation. By addressing these limitations, healthcare providers and policymakers can enhance the adoption of digital health innovations, ultimately improving access to mental health care for a broader population.
Characteristics of dust pollution and its influencing factors during cold period of open-pit coal mines in northern China
Authors: Wang Heng , Wang Zhiming , Wang Ruixin 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionWinter dust pollution in China’s northern open-pit coal mines is serious, and the prevention and control of winter dust pollution is one of the important problems in the construction of green mines in northern open-pit coal mines.MethodsIn this study, we collected dust concentration data, meteorological data, and production data from the experimental mine from 1 December 2018, to 28 February 2019. The characteristics of changes in meteorological factors, production intensity and dust concentration in open-pit coal mines during the cold period are introduced, and the correlation between these factors and dust concentration was analyzed using multivariate statistical analysis methods, dust concentration estimation model including near-surface meteorological factors, high-altitude meteorological factors, and production intensity was developed.ResultsThe results show that the temperature inside the pit is lower the humidity is higher and the wind speed is smaller than outside the pit in winter; there is a long time inversion phenomenon inside the quarry, and there is less vertical convection in the atmosphere (between 8 a.m. and 12 a.m.). Humidity, noise and particulate mass concentration were significantly positively correlated (the lowest correlation coefficient is 0.480 and 0.369 for humidity and noise); wind speed, solar radiation and boundary layer height were significantly negatively correlated with particulate mass concentration (the lowest correlation coefficient is −0.555, −0.280 and −0.510 for wind speed, solar radiation and boundary layer height). The relative frequency of small particulate dust mass concentrations exceeding the national ambient air quality standard limits is greater in winter, and there is a good correlation between the mass concentrations of Total Suspended Particulates (TSP), Particulate Matter 10 (PM10) and Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5). The accuracy of the particulate matter concentration estimation model constructed by considering the influence of multiple factors was significantly higher (R2 for each model rose by nearly 0.3) than that of the model constructed by considering only the near-surface meteorological factors.DiscussionThe research results can provide a reference for the establishment of a more accurate dust estimation model to help the mining sector to better dust prevention and control.
Combined and mediating effects of remnant cholesterol and renal function on hypertension risk in Chinese middle-aged and elderly people
Authors: Zhao Mengjie , Xiao Mengli , Zhang Huie , Tan Qin , Ji Jinjin , Cheng Yurong , Lu Fang 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundEmerging evidence indicates a potential correlation between remnant cholesterol (RC) and the development of vascular damage and hypertension. Nevertheless, the precise relationship between RC and hypertension in relation to renal function remains uncertain. The objective of this investigation was to employ a cohort design to evaluate the intricate correlation between RC and renal function in relation to hypertension.MethodsThe present investigation utilized data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), encompassing a total of 5,109 participants, for comprehensive data analysis and examination. Cox regression analysis was employed to examine the interplay among RC, renal function, and hypertension within the context of this research study. This study utilized restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis to elucidate the interaction between RC, renal function, and hypertension, specifically examining the mediating role of renal function in the RC-hypertension nexus. Furthermore, we employed mediation analysis to investigate the potential mediating role of renal function in the association between RC and hypertension.ResultsAfter a 9-year follow-up period, the incidence of hypertension in the population under investigation was observed to be 19.01%. The Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated a notable and statistically significant elevation in the prevalence of hypertension within the subgroup characterized by higher RC and impaired renal function (P &lt;0.001). However, in Cox regression analyses, the risk of developing hypertension was significantly higher (P &lt;0.05) in those with high RC and high estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and those with high RC and low eGFR, compared with those with low RC and high eGFR, after adjusting for confounders. The analysis of RCS demonstrated a significant positive linear correlation between baseline RC and the prevalence of hypertension. Additionally, there was a notable negative linear correlation observed between eGFR levels and the prevalence of hypertension. RC and eGFR did not interact with any of the subgroup variables. eGFR lowering mediated 6% of the associations between RC and hypertension.ConclusionThe findings of this study unveiled a substantial correlation between elevated RC, diminished eGFR levels, and the risk of developing hypertension. In addition, renal function may mediate the correlation between RC and hypertension risk.
Distinct gene signatures define the epithelial cell features of mucinous appendiceal neoplasms and pseudomyxoma metastases
Authors: Ayala Carlos , Sathe Anuja , Bai Xiangqi , Grimes Susan M. , Shen Jeanne , Poultsides George A. , Lee Byrne , Ji Hanlee P. 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionAppendiceal mucinous neoplasms (AMN) are rare tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. They metastasize with widespread abdominal dissemination leading to pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP), a disease with poor prognosis. There are many unknowns about the cellular features of origin, differentiation and progression of AMN and PMP.MethodsWe characterized AMNs, PMPs and matched normal tissues using single-cell RNA-sequencing. We validated our findings with immunohistochemistry, mass spectrometry on malignant ascites from PMP patients and gene expression data from an independent set of PMP tumors.ResultsWe identified previously undescribed cellular features and heterogeneity in AMN and PMP tumors. There were gene expression signatures specific to the tumor epithelial cells among AMN and PMP. These signatures included genes indicative of goblet cell differentiation and elevated mucin gene expression. Metastatic PMP cells had a distinct gene expression signature with increased lipid metabolism, inflammatory, JAK-STAT and RAS signaling pathway among others. We observed clonal heterogeneity in a single PMP tumor as well as PMP metastases from the same patient.DiscussionOur study defined tumor cell gene signatures of AMN and PMP, successfully overcoming challenges of low cellularity and mucinous composition of these tumors. These gene expression signatures provide insights on tumor origin and differentiation, together with the identification of novel treatment targets. The heterogeneity observed within an individual tumor and between different tumors from the same patient, represents a potential source of treatment resistance.
Clinical features of autoimmune cerebellar ataxia related to neuronal antibodies
Authors: Cai Yun , Hua Zhijuan , Chen Yanan , Chen Xue , Liu Na , Liu Ting , Zhou Qianwen , Li Jinghua , Di Weiying 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the clinical features of neuronal antibodies related to autoimmune cerebellar ataxia (ACA) and to provide guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.MethodsDemographic and clinical data were collected from antibody-positive patients with ACA who were admitted to the Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, from January 2018 to February 2023. A retrospective analysis on the clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, imaging data, treatment, and prognosis was performed.ResultsA total of six patients, including one man and five women, with a median age of 52.5 years, were enrolled in this study. All patients presented with dizziness and gait abnormalities with or without dysarthria. No tumor was found in these patients. Three patients were at the prodromal stage of infection, while one patient exhibited post-ACA fever symptoms and aggravated disease phenotypes. Three patients were positive for anti-glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), while one patient was positive for each of the anti-Tr, anti-mGluR1, and anti-Homer-3 antibodies. The white blood cell (WBC) count and the protein levels of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were increased in four patients, which was in agreement with predominant lymphocytic inflammation. One patient displayed positive signals for CSF-specific oligoclonal proteins. Of the six patients, two were diagnosed with bilateral cerebellar atrophy, and two patients had nonspecific white matter changes. All of the patients received immunotherapy and rehabilitation treatment. Except for the Homer-3-positive patient, the remaining patients showed good prognosis. One patient relapsed.ConclusionACA can be induced or aggravated by infection. The detection of neuronal antibodies is crucial for the precise diagnosis of ACA. Cerebellar system symptoms, such as dizziness, unsteady walking, nystagmus, and dysarthria, are the first and main manifestations of ACA. The head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with ACA may be normal or may exhibit abnormalities including cerebellar atrophy and nonspecific white matter changes. Immunotherapy could be effective in most patients with ACA.
Modulation of double-negative T cells by Huang-Lian-Jie-Du Decoction attenuates neuroinflammation in ischemic stroke: insights from single-cell transcriptomics
Authors: Wang Kai , Sun Zijin , Shao Qi , Wang Zhaoyi , Zhang Haojia , Li Yuanhua , Ming Jingmei , Zhang Wenjing , Wang Tieshan , Zhao Yan , Wang Qingguo , Cheng Fafeng 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionIschemic stroke (IS) represents a significant global health challenge, characterized by elevated morbidity and mortality rates, largely driven by inflammatory responses. Double-negative T cells (DNTs), a distinct subset of T cells lacking both CD4 and CD8 markers, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of IS, exhibiting potentially dual roles. However, the precise functional contributions of DNTs in this context remain poorly understood.MethodsIn this study, we investigated the role of DNTs during the acute phase of IS and assessed the influence of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du Decoction (HLJD), a traditional Chinese medicinal formula, on these cells. Using single-cell transcriptomics, we identified two distinct subtypes of DNTs: an activated, cytotoxic phenotype (Kill+) and a resting, immunosuppressive phenotype (Kill-).ResultsOur findings indicate that HLJD treatment modulates the balance between these DNT subtypes, specifically reducing the proportion of cytotoxic DNTs while promoting an increase in immunosuppressive DNTs. This shift was associated with a reduction in immune cell infiltration and inflammation within the brain tissue, potentially mitigating neuronal damage.DiscussionThese results suggest that HLJD exerts neuroprotective effects in IS by modulating the activity and distribution of DNT cells, offering valuable insights into the therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of IS. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying DNT-mediated immune responses in IS and to explore the broader applications of HLJD in other neuroinflammatory conditions.
PDK2-enhanced glycolysis aggravates fibrosis via IL11 signaling pathway in Graves’ orbitopathy
Authors: Peng Zhiyu , Huang Rui , Gan Lu , Wang Jinghan , Li Xiaofeng , Ding Jie , Han Yinan , Wu Jihong , Xue Kang , Guo Jie , Zhang Rui , Qian Jiang , Ma Ruiqi 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesTransforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1)-interleukin 11 (IL11) is a newly found critical signaling pathway in fibrotic diseases such as Graves’ orbitopathy (GO). It has now been confirmed that enhanced glycolysis plays a key role in the pathogenesis of GO. However, little is known about the relationship between glycolysis and IL11-mediated fibrosis in GO. This study aimed to identify the relationship between glycolysis and TGFβ1-IL11 signaling pathway and investigate the role of IL11 in glycolysis-facilitated fibrosis in GO.MethodsOrbital connective tissues were collected from GO and control patients. Primary orbital fibroblasts (OFs) were cultured from clinical tissues. Patient-derived xenografts were established via intraorbital transplantation of GO orbital tissue in humanized NCG mice. Protein levels were measured using Capillary Western Immunoassay (WES). Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to construct transfected OF strains. Lactate production was measured to assess glycolysis status. Animal models were assessed by T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) scan. Immunohistochemistry staining was applied to patients’ orbital connective tissues.ResultsOrbital connective tissues were collected from GO patients. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of GO tissues revealed the phenomenon of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2 (PDK2)-enhanced glycolysis and upregulated IL11-IL11Rα pathway. In vitro experiments showed successful induction of fibrosis of patient-derived orbital fat/connective tissues, which could be alleviated by dichloroacetic acid (DCA). MRI images and analysis of hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Masson-stained section demonstrated enhanced glycolysis in GO, facilitating fibrosis of the orbital tissue. Targeting PDK2 decreased IL11 expression to suppress fibrosis. In vivo experiment confirmed anti-fibrotic effect of inhibition of glycolysis.ConclusionsPDK2-enhanced glycolysis exacerbates fibrosis via IL11-IL11Rα signaling pathway, shedding light on a potential therapeutic role of metabolic modulators such as DCA in GO treatment.
Assessment of the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship programs in selected healthcare facilities in Kenya
Authors: Gitonga Nkatha , Okumu Mitchel , Agoro Oscar , Kusu Ndinda , Mukoko Joseph , Wangai Helen , Hafner Tamara , Joshi Mohan P. 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing concern globally and is notably prevalent in Kenya. The World Health Organization (WHO) Global Action Plan (GAP) and the Kenya National Action Plan (NAP) on AMR emphasize the need for effective antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs to combat AMR. The USAID-funded Medicines, Technologies, and Pharmaceutical Services (MTaPS) program has supported AMS implementation in 20 healthcare facilities (HCFs) in Nyeri, Kisumu, Murang’a, and Kilifi counties since 2019, focusing on developing and operationalizing AMS programs based on national, WHO, and Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines. However, there is paucity of information on how the AMS programs have been implemented in Nyeri and Kisumu Counties. This study evaluates the progress in AMS program implementation in these two counties between 2019 and 2023.MethodsBaseline and follow up assessments were conducted using a 33-item AMS questionnaire adapted from the CDC’s Core Elements of Hospital Antibiotic Stewardship Programs (CEHASP) and WHO guidelines. The assessment evaluated 13 thematic areas.ResultsAMS implementation showed significant improvements, with Nyeri county increasing from 12% to 76% and Kisumu from 17% to 78%. Several elements achieved 100% implementation in both counties, including core governance structures, accountability, and medical expertise. Education programs reached 88% implementation in Kisumu and 100% in Nyeri. Leadership support improved from 0% to 54% in Nyeri and from 0% to 60% in Kisumu. However, tracking antimicrobial use (AMU) and AMR through process measures remained the lowest implemented element (33% in Kisumu, 19% in Nyeri). Other challenges included limited microbiology services affecting antibiogram production, inadequate monitoring of adherence to treatment guidelines (0-7% implementation), and suboptimal implementation of policies and guidelines (48-58%).ConclusionsThese findings suggest that the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP) in resource-limited settings can be successful, as evidenced by the improvements in core governance, accountability, and medical expertise observed in the selected healthcare facilities. However, critical gaps remain in tracking antimicrobial use and resistance and monitoring treatment guideline adherence. To strengthen ASPs, we recommend establishing standardized national protocols for tracking and monitoring, developing regional laboratory networks to improve microbiology services access, and implementing electronic health records systems.
A preliminary study of the association between Blastocystis and quantification of selected yeasts in IBD and IBS patients
Authors: Khosravany Zohre , Khodavaisy Sadegh , Olyaiee Alireza , Sadeghi Amir , Nemati Sara , Shahrokh Shabnam , Mohammad Ali Gol Sara , Shojaei Sajad , Mohammad Rahimi Hanieh , Mirjalali Hamed 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are gastrointestinal disorders, which can be triggered by gut microbiota dysbiosis. The development of IBS-like symptoms has been linked to the overgrowth of Candida spp. In addition, the critical role of fungi has been highlighted in the pathogenesis of IBD. This study investigated the association between Blastocystis and selected yeasts in IBS and IBD patients.MethodsThis investigation is a cross-sectional study from 2022 to 2024, performed on 91 participants, including 20 healthy individuals, 27 patients with IBS, and 44 IBD patients [39 with ulcerative colitis (UC; 88.63%) and 5 (11.37%) Crohn’s disease (CD)], who were also categorized based on the presence of Blastocystis. Total DNA was extracted from stool samples, and the presence and quantity of yeasts including C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, C. krusei, Geotrichum candidum, Rhodotorula spp., Cryptococcus neoformans, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were evaluated by real-time PCR. Statistical tests were used to assess significant associations between variables.ResultsSaccharomyces cerevisiae and C. albicans were the most prevalent yeasts in all groups. Candida tropicalis and C. neoformans were identified in neither patients nor healthy subjects. The presence/absence of C. albicans was not significantly different between patients with IBD, IBS, and the control groups. This was similar for G. candidum. However, there was a difference in the presence of S. cerevisiae among patients, although it was insignificant (p-value = 0.077). There was a significant difference in the quantity of C. albicans between IBD (880.421 ± 2140.504), IBS (10.307 ± 15.206), and controls (2875.888 ± 8383.889) (p-value = 0.020). Specifically, the source of difference was seen between IBD patients and the control group (p-value = 0.005). In addition, considering the presence of Blastocystis, a statistically significant association was seen between the number of C. albicans and the sample groups (p-value = 0.013). The quantity of C. albicans was significantly different between IBS and IBD patients.ConclusionRegarding the presence of Blastocystis, the quantity of C. albicans and S. cerevisiae was increased and decreased in the studied groups, respectively. This is a preliminary study, and eukaryote–eukaryote association in IBS and IBD patients should be considered in further studies.