bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of heat treatment on the strain hardening behaviour of an Al–Zn–Mg alloy
Authors: Hörnqvist Magnus , Karlsson Birger 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
The strain hardening of the Al-5.2Zn-1.2Mg alloy AA7030 in different conditions has been investigated. The dislocation related strengthening was described by the Voce equation and the quantitative effects of different superposition laws have been studied. All tempers, except the over-aged, suffer from plastic instability before the geometric Considère condition is reached. This was attributed primarily to the occurrence of shear failure due to dynamic strain ageing effects. For plastic strain levels below approximately 8 %, preceding the plastic instability, the results show that the saturation stress in the under and peak-aged tempers is independent of heat treatment, whereas the kinetics of structure formation differs. Using a linear superposition law in the under and peak aged tempers has negligible effects, whereas the use of Pythagorean addition for the over-aged temper significantly decreases the goodness-of-fit, although not to unacceptable levels. Furthermore, the naturally aged temper shows strong influence of dynamic precipitation.
Practical Applications of Telemedicine for Pediatricians
Authors: Herendeen Neil E. , Schaefer G. Bradley 
Published: December 2009

CME Educational Objectives

1.
Identify potential applications for telemedicine specific to the field of pediatrics.

2.
Outline barriers to providing pediatric telemedicine services and suggest possible solutions to these obstacles.

3.
Evaluate specific applications for telemedicine in select pediatric subspecialties.
Telemedicine for Children in Need of Intensive Care
Authors: Dharmar Madan , Smith Anthony C. , Armfield Nigel R. , Trujano Juan , Sadorra Candace , Marcin James P. 
Published: December 2009

CME Educational Objectives

1.
Identify and describe reasons telemedicine is useful in the management of critically ill children in remote locations.

2.
Outline factors that hinder the widespread adoption of telemedicine in the mainstream practice of pediatric critical care.

3.
Demonstrate the potential clinical, educational, and economic benefits associated with telemedicine and provide illustrative clinical scenarios.
Tele-education: Linking Educators with Learners via Distance Technology
Authors: Smith Christopher E. , Fontana-Chow Karen , Boateng Beatrice A. , Azzie Georges , Pietrolungo Lara , Cheng-Tsallis Agnes , Golding Fraser , Tallett Susan 
Published: December 2009

CME Educational Objectives

1.
Explain the current state of tele-education in the medical profession.

2.
Identify effective uses of tele-education technology in pediatrics.

3.
Determine how tele-education can change the practice of pediatrics.
A 3-year-old Boy with Fever and Oral Lesions
Authors: Kreshak Allyson A. , Ly Binh T. , Edwards Whitney C.D. , Carson Stephen H. 
Published: December 2009

CME Educational Objectives

1.
Understand the pathophysiology and possible etiologies for methemoglobinemia.

2.
Recognize the typical clinical presentation of patients with methemoglobinemia.

3.
Describe the various alternatives available for treating mouth pain in children.
A 12-month-old Boy with Impaired Pigmentation
Authors: Babilas Philipp , Schreml Stephan , Landthaler Michael , Vogt Thomas 
Published: December 2009

CME Educational Objectives

1.
Explain the clinical presentation and pathogenesis of nevus depigmentosus.

2.
Identify the differential diagnosis of disorders with impaired pigmentation.

3.
Determine the etiopathogenesis of skin hypopigmentation, depigmentation, hypomelanosis, and amelanosis.
Radiofrequency and Its Effect on Suture Strength
Authors: Shah Anup A. , Kang Parminder , Deutsch Allen 
Published: December 2009

The use of radiofrequency-based electrocautery for hemostasis and ablation within the subacromial space and glenohumeral joint can cause damage to suture material. Prior studies have focused on the mechanical properties of sutures including their ability to withstand abrasion. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of electrical energy on the mechanical properties of 5 different brands of #2 suture used for arthroscopic shoulder repair: FiberWire (Arthrex Inc, Naples, Florida); Orthocord (DePuy Mitek, Norwood, Massachusetts); Hi-Fi (formally Herculine; Linvatec Corp, Largo, Florida); MaxBraid (Teleflex Medical, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina); and Ethibond (Ethicon, Inc, Somerville, New Jersey). A matched pair of human deltoid muscle submerged in buffered saline solution (pH 7.4) was used as a test medium.
The suture strengths were tested in 3 different scenarios. The 3 groups were as follows: control group without electrical current, coagulation group with direct introduction of electrical current on a coagulate setting for 2 seconds, and a cutting group with direct introduction of electrical current on a cut setting for 2 seconds. Hi-Fi suture seemed to be the least susceptible to damage by direct electrocautery application. Orthocord suffered the greatest loss of strength of all materials tested. This study demonstrates that exposure to electrocautery damages and weakens suture. Great care should be taken when electrocautery is used during arthroscopic repairs to prevent suture failure and preserve repair integrity.
Intrathoracic Fracture–Dislocation of the Proximal Humerus Treated With Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Maroney Samuel S. , Devinney D. Scott 
Published: December 2009

High-energy trauma to the shoulder can lead to complex fractures and dislocations that challenge even the most experienced orthopedic surgeon's reconstructive capabilities. One such injury is a fracture–dislocation of the proximal humerus, in which the humeral head becomes impaled in the thoracic cavity.
This article presents a case of a 67-year-old woman who sustained an intrathoracic fracture–dislocation of the proximal humerus after a fall down a flight of stairs. After emergent extrication of the intrathoracic humeral head and proximal medial shaft, the patient underwent delayed shoulder reconstruction with a reverse total shoulder arthroplasty and allograft augmentation. The reverse shoulder was used due to the high-energy comminution, stripping of the remaining tuberosity fragments, and extensive proximal bone loss. The patient's functional ability would therefore depend on the biomechanical design of the prosthesis and not solid healing of the severely compromised tuberosity pieces. The proximal shaft was reconstructed using a femoral strut allograft that was cabled into place. This was done to restore the medial humeral calcar that was missing due to her injury. The shoulder was then reconstructed using the Reverse Shoulder Prosthesis (Encore Medical, Austin, Texas).
This is the first description of the reverse total shoulder used for intrathoracic fracture–dislocation of the proximal humerus. The reverse total shoulder arthroplasty is a viable option to treat complicated proximal humerus trauma in the appropriately selected patient.
Unusual Radiographic Appearance of Adamantinoma
Authors: Cappuccio Michele , Montalti Maurizio , Bosco Giuseppe , Gasbarrini Alessandro , Boriani Stefano 
Published: December 2009

Adamantinoma is a rare tumor with an indolent course that occurs most commonly in the tibia. It is locally aggressive, and local recurrences are described after resection. Pain is the most common symptom. Since the lesion is typically slow growing, the pain can be present for many years before the patient seeks medical attention. Microscopically, adamantinoma consists of islands of epithelial cells in a fibrous stroma. Nuclear atypia is minimal, and mitotic figures are rare. The most common radiographic appearance is that of multiple sharply demarcated radiolucent lesions surrounded by areas of dense, sclerotic bone. This tumor most often affects the tibial diaphysis and produces lytic lesions that can cause fractures.
A 31-year-old man presented with a rapidly growing lytic lesion of the distal tibia. On histological examination, many areas of epithelial cells in a fibrous stroma were identified. Diagnosis of adamantinoma was performed. The lesion was treated with en bloc resection and reconstruction with distal tibia allograft and ankle arthrodesis with retrograde nail. At 2-year follow-up, there were no clinical or radiological signs of recurrence of disease.
Sudden Peroneal Nerve Palsy in a Varus Arthritic Knee
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Hamid Reza Seyyed , Eajazi Alireza , Kazemi Seyyed Morteza , Besheli Laleh Daftari , Yeganeh Mehrnoush Hassas , Aydanloo Ali 
Published: December 2009

Peroneal nerve palsy has been reported in association with traumatic and nontraumatic causes. We encountered a 75-year-old man whose peroneal nerve palsy developed suddenly following varus deformity of the arthritic knee. A review of the literature found 1 other report describing a progressive peroneal nerve palsy associated with a varus deformity of the knee due to arthritis.
Our patient had progressive intractable knee pain; 3-compartment, severe degenerative changes in the knees; varus knee malalignment and laxity; right peroneal nerve palsy; and decreased sensation to light touch and pinprick on the dorsum of the right foot. The preoperative WOMAC score was 36. Nerve conduction studies confirmed acute peroneal neuropathy with conduction block at the fibular neck and secondary axonal degeneration. Magnetic resonance imaging of the knee showed osteophytes and cysts surrounding the fibular neck. Although their compression could be responsible for the nerve palsy, the sudden process made this less possible. Thus, the patient underwent total knee arthroplasty of both knees without exploration of the nerve. At 5-month follow-up, the WOMAC score was 78. The patient walked with a cane with no varus thrust, and his right knee had no varus laxity in full extension. The peroneal nerve did not retain its function. Sensory examination and postoperative nerve conduction studies showed no improvement.
Factors affecting shapers of organizational wikis
Authors: Yates Dave , Wagner Christian , Majchrzak Ann 
Published: December 2009

AbstractNew Web 2.0 technologies such as wikis permit any organizational member of a virtual community of practice (CoP) to dynamically edit, integrate, and rewrite content (what we call knowledge shaping) as well as contribute personal knowledge. Previous research on factors that motivate contribution in virtual CoPs has focused exclusively on factors explaining why people contribute their personal knowledge, with no research focused on why people make the knowledge‐shaping contributions (rewriting, integrating, and restructuring pages) which are possible with wikis. We hypothesize that factors that explain frequency of contribution will be different for those who shape from those who contribute only their personal knowledge. The results support our hypotheses. In addition, we find that shapers are not more likely to be managers or members of a community's core group who might typically serve in an administrator role, contrary to prior expectations. The implications of using Web 2.0 tools to encourage this shaping behavior are discussed.
Present and future development in plastics from biomass
Authors: Shen Li , Worrell Ernst , Patel Martin 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBiobased plastics have experienced fast growth in the past decade thanks to the public concerns over the environment, climate change and the depletion of fossil fuels. This perspective provides an overview of the current global market of biobased plastics, their material properties, technical substitution potential and future market (for 2020). In addition, the technology and market development of three biobased plastics, namely polylactide (PLA), biobased polyethylene (PE) and biobased epoxy resin, are discussed in detail. The emerging biobased plastics market is still small compared to traditional biobased polymers and biomaterials. The global capacity of the emerging biobased plastics was only 0.36 million tonnes in 2007. However, the market grew strongly between 2003 and 2007 (approx. 40% per year). The technical substitution potential of biobased plastics replacing petrochemical plastics is estimated at 90%, demonstrating the enormous potential of biobased plastics. Global capacity of biobased plastics is expected to reach 3.45 million metric tonnes in 2020. Starch plastics, PLA, biobased PE, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) and biobased epoxy resin are expected to be the major types of biobased plastics in the future. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
The effect of isolated lignins, obtained from a range of pretreated lignocellulosic substrates, on enzymatic hydrolysis
Authors: Nakagame Seiji , Chandra Richard P. , Saddler Jack N. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe influence of the residual lignin remaining in the cellulosic rich component of pretreated lignocellulosic substrates on subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis was assessed. Twelve lignin preparations were isolated by two isolation methods (protease treated lignin (PTL) and cellulolytic enzymatic lignin (CEL)) from three types of biomass (corn stover, poplar, and lodgepole pine) that had been pretreated by two processes (steam and organosolv pretreatments). Comparative analysis of the isolated lignin showed that the CEL contained lower amounts of carbohydrates and protein than did the PTL and that the isolated lignin from corn stover contained more carbohydrates than did the lignin derived from the poplar and lodgepole pine. The lower yields of acid insoluble lignin (AIL) obtained from the corn stover when using the PTL method indicated that the lignin from the corn stover had a higher hydrophilicity than did the lignin from the poplar and lodgepole pine. The isolated lignin preparations were added to the reaction mixture containing crystalline cellulose (Avicel) and their possible effects on enzymatic hydrolysis were assessed. It was apparent that the lignin isolated from lodgepole pine and steam pretreated poplar decreased the hydrolysis yields of Avicel, whereas the other isolated lignins did not appear to decrease the hydrolysis yields significantly. The hydrolysis yields of the pretreated lignocellulose and those of Avicel containing the PTL showed good correlation, indicating that the nature of the residual lignin obtained after pretreatment significantly influenced hydrolysis. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;105: 871–879. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Production of biocommodities and bioelectricity by cell‐free synthetic enzymatic pathway biotransformations: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Zhang Y.‐H. Percival 
Published: December 2009

AbstractCell‐free synthetic (enzymatic) pathway biotransformation (SyPaB) is the assembly of a number of purified enzymes (usually more than 10) and coenzymes for the production of desired products through complicated biochemical reaction networks that a single enzyme cannot do. Cell‐free SyPaB, as compared to microbial fermentation, has several distinctive advantages, such as high product yield, great engineering flexibility, high product titer, and fast reaction rate. Biocommodities (e.g., ethanol, hydrogen, and butanol) are low‐value products where costs of feedstock carbohydrates often account for ∼30–70% of the prices of the products. Therefore, yield of biocommodities is the most important cost factor, and the lowest yields of profitable biofuels are estimated to be ca. 70% of the theoretical yields of sugar‐to‐biofuels based on sugar prices of ca. US$ 0.18 per kg. The opinion that SyPaB is too costly for producing low‐value biocommodities are mainly attributed to the lack of stable standardized building blocks (e.g., enzymes or their complexes), costly labile coenzymes, and replenishment of enzymes and coenzymes. In this perspective, I propose design principles for SyPaB, present several SyPaB examples for generating hydrogen, alcohols, and electricity, and analyze the advantages and limitations of SyPaB. The economical analyses clearly suggest that developments in stable enzymes or their complexes as standardized parts, efficient coenzyme recycling, and use of low‐cost and more stable biomimetic coenzyme analogs, would result in much lower production costs than do microbial fermentations because the stabilized enzymes have more than 3 orders of magnitude higher weight‐based total turn‐over numbers than microbial biocatalysts, although extra costs for enzyme purification and stabilization are spent. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010. 105: 663–677. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: Optical Properties of Non‐Centrosymmetric Mixed Crystals K2(La1‐xCex) (NO3)5·2H2O (x = 0.0—1.0).
Authors: Bohaty L. , Becker P. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Multiphase Transformations Controlled by Ostwald′s Rule in Nanostructured Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 Powders Prepared by a Modified Pechini Route.
Authors: Varez Alejandro , Jolly Julian , Oliete Patricia , Sanjuan Maria Luisa , Garcia‐Gonzalez Ester , Jardiel Teresa , Sanz Jesus 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐Modified SiS2‐Type SnS2: Synthesis, Crystal Structures and Properties of ∞1[SnS2·en] and [enH]4[Sn2S6]·en.
Authors: Nayek Hari Pada , Lin Zhien , Dehnen Stefanie 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: AsMo7O27‐Bridged Dinuclear Sandwich‐Type Heteropolymolybdates of Cr(III) and Fe(III): Magnetism of [MM′(AsMo7O27)2]12‐ with MM′ = FeFe, CrFe, and CrCr.
Authors: Xu Haisheng , Li Lili , Liu Bin , Xue Ganglin , Hu Huaiming , Fu Feng , Wang Jiwu 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of Fluoromalonate to Nitroalkenes Catalyzed by Chiral Nickel Complexes.
Authors: Kang Seung Hee , Kim Dae Young 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Atom‐Efficient, Solvent‐Free Green Synthesis of Chalcones by Grinding.
Authors: Rateb Nora M. , Zohdi Hussein F. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ring‐Opening of N‐Tosyl Aziridines with Hydroxyl Compounds Catalyzed by Acidic Ionic Liquid.
Authors: Li Yuling , Gu Dagong , Xu Xiaoping , Ji Shunjun 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Lithium Cyanoaluminum Hydride with Selected Organic Compounds Containing Representative Functional Groups. Comparison of Reducing Characteristics Between Lithium and Sodium Cyanoaluminum Hydrides.
Authors: Cha Jin Soon , Yu Se Jin 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Hydroboration of Alkynes vs. Alkenes over Gold Catalysts.
Authors: Leyva Antonio , Zhang Xin , Corma Avelino 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Robust and Recyclable Ruthenium Catalyst Immobilized on Polyethylene Glycol.
Authors: Zaman Shazia , Abell Andrew D. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Simple and Efficient Method for Acetylation of Alcohols, Phenols, Amines, and Thiols Using Anhydrous NiCl2 under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Meshram G. A. , Patil V. D. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Rearrangement of N‐Alkyl 1,2‐Amino Alcohols. Synthesis of (S)‐Toliprolol and (S)‐Propanolol.
Authors: Duthion Beranger , Metro Thomas‐Xavier , Gomez Pardo Domingo , Cossy Janine 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of a General Enantioselective Organocatalytic Mukaiyama—Michael Reaction with α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes.
Authors: Borths Christopher J. , Carrera Diane E. , MacMillan David W. C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.