bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The pattern of habitual sedentary behavior is different in advanced Parkinson's disease
Authors: Chastin Sebastein F.M. , Baker Katherine , Jones Diana , Burn David , Granat Malcolm H. , Rochester Lynn 
Published: August 2010

AbstractPhysical behavior changes in Parkinson's disease (PD), however, objective evidence of this is lacking. This study explored methods to objectively quantify sedentary behavior (SB) in advanced PD with the aim of identifying changes that could impact on the burden of disease. We compared the SB of 17 PD (UPDRS III 29.1 ± 5.5; disease duration 12.5 ± 6.4; H&Y (3 & 4) and 17 aged and gender matched healthy subjects. SB was measured objectively over a 7 day period using the activPAL accelerometer. SB was defined as sitting or lying and described in terms of the volume and pattern of SB. Comparison between PD and controls showed that whilst there was no difference in the volume of sedentary time (P = 0.15), there was a significant difference in distribution (P < 0.01) and pattern of accumulation of sedentary time (P < 0.01). Bouts of SB in people with PD tend to last longer than that of controls, whilst the total time spent inactive is the same for the two groups. These results suggest that PD leads to a change in the pattern of SB but not the volume. This may be interpreted as a strategy to conserve energy to maximize function. Studying the pattern of SB appears promising and has the potential to help us to understand the impact of PD and the consequences of changes in SB on the burden of disease. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Psychometric attributes of the rating scale for gait evaluation in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Serrano‐Dueñas Marcos , Calero Belén , Serrano Soledad , Serrano Maite , Coronel Paulina 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground:The RSGE‐PD‐V2.0 is a specific measure for evaluation of gait impairment in PD.Objective:To check the RSGE‐PD‐V2.0 metrics attributes.Methods:In addition to demographic and historical data of PD, applied assessments were: Hoehn and Yahr staging (H&Y); impact in daily activities with Schwab and England scale (S&E); SCOPA Motor; mental status with Short portable mental status questionnaire (SPMSQ); quality of life with Parkinson's impact scale (PIMS), the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale‐6 items (HDRS‐6); and, the Clinical Impression of Severity Index‐PD (CISI‐PD).Results:151 PD patients were included (n = 102 (67.5%) were male). Most patients were in H&Y stage 3 (n = 78 (51.6%)). Mean of age and duration of disease was 68.4 and 7.6 years respectively. Mean values of L‐Dopa doses was 652.6 mg/day. Mean values of SCOPA Motor were 29.1; SPMSQ: 1.8; HADS‐6: 9.2; PIMS: 18.7;RSGE‐PD‐V2.0: 25.4; and, CISI‐PD were 10.8. Full computable scores were 100%; Guttman's lambda, 0.954; and the item‐total correlation, 0.408‐0.830. Correlation coefficients (Spearman's rho) between RSGE‐PD‐V2.0 and H&Y, S&E, SCOPA Motor, PIMS and CISI‐PD, were: 0.62; ‐0.75; 0.74; 0.46; and, 0.78 respectively. RSGE‐PD‐V2.0 scale significantly discriminated among PD severity levels (based on H&Y staging) Kruskal‐Wallis (p < 0.000).Conclusions:Metric attributes of the RSGE‐PD‐V2.0 in this sample of study resulted in has sufficient and suitable satisfactory. We, therefore, believe that RSGE‐PD‐V2.0 is easy and a useful and recommendable specific tool for measuring gait disease in PD patients. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
A comparison of two brief screening measures of cognitive impairment in Huntington's disease
Authors: Mickes Laura , Jacobson Mark , Peavy Guerry , Wixted John T. , Lessig Stephanie , Goldstein Jody L. , Corey‐Bloom Jody 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe goal of this study was to explore whether the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), a new screening instrument, would be more sensitive to mild to moderate cognitive impairment in Huntington's disease (HD) than an established screening measure, the Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE). Our reasoning for this query is that the MoCA includes a broader range of test items and an additional assessment of executive functioning and attention compared with the MMSE. Using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to examine performance of HD and control groups on both tests on overall scores and scores from various subdomains (i.e., visuospatial abilities) revealed that the MoCA achieved higher sensitivity without sacrificing specificity in many domains relative to the MMSE. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Intraoperative local field recording for deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease and essential tremor
Authors: Holdefer Robert N. , Cohen Bernard A. , Greene Karl A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractOscillations in the beta frequency range (β‐LFP) are widely distributed throughout the motor system, modulated by dopaminergic medications, and locally generated in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus (VIM). We investigated the feasibility of recording intraoperative β‐LFP signals and their descriptive summary statistics during surgeries for deep brain stimulation (DBS). β‐LFP from the microelectrode and stimulating lead were obtained from the STN in Parkinson's patients, and from the stimulating lead in the VIM of patients with Parkinson's disease or essential tremor. β‐LFP power was obtained over 8 second epochs and displayed online as compressed spectral and density arrays and trend plots. In agreement with other studies, β‐LFP power along microelectrode penetrations was greater in the STN as compared to sites dorsal and ventral to the nucleus. Differences in β‐LFP power were also observed across the contacts of stimulating leads in the STN and VIM. The contact with greatest β‐LFP power was either the most effective contact for clinical stimulation or adjacent to it. These results were obtained from conventional power measurements, spectral displays, and trend plots with equipment commonly used for intraoperative neuromonitoring. We conclude that β‐LFP is an accessible and easily recorded signal intraoperatively with potential usefulness for DBS lead localization and clinical programming of the stimulating lead. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
A futility study of minocycline in Huntington's disease
Authors: Cudkowicz Merit ,   The Huntington Study Group DOMINO Investigators
Published: August 2010

AbstractThis study assessed the futility of proceeding with a Phase 3 clinical trial of minocycline as a disease‐modifying treatment for Huntington's disease (HD). One hundred fourteen research participants with HD were randomized, 87 to minocycline (200 mg/d) and 27 to placebo. The change in Total Functional Capacity (TFC) score from baseline to Mo 18 was prespecified as the primary measure of HD progression. By using a futility design, we tested the null hypothesis that minocycline would reduce the mean decline in TFC score by at least 25% compared to a fixed value obtained from a historical database, with a one‐tailed significance level of 10%. The placebo group was included to facilitate blinding. Rejection of the null hypothesis would discourage a major definitive trial of minocycline in HD. For the primary analysis, missing data were handled by carrying forward the last available observation; a secondary analysis used multiple imputations. The mean TFC decline in the minocycline group was 1.55 (SD 1.85), and futility was not declared (P= 0.12) for the primary analysis. When multiple imputation was used to handle missing data, the mean TFC decline in the minocycline group of 1.71 (SD 1.96,P= 0.07) suggested futility, as was the case for prespecified secondary outcome measures. There were no safety abnormalities attributable to minocycline. Based on the threshold of 25% improvement in TFC, further study of minocycline 200 mg/d in HD was not warranted. Futility designs aid in screening potential therapies for HD. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Risk and learning in impulsive and nonimpulsive patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Djamshidian Atbin , Jha Ashwani , O'Sullivan Sean S. , Silveira‐Moriyama Laura , Jacobson Clare , Brown Peter , Lees Andrew , Averbeck Bruno B. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractRelatively little is known about the interaction between behavioral changes, medication, and cognitive function in Parkinson's disease (PD). We examined working memory, learning and risk aversion in PD patients with and without impulsive or compulsive behavior (ICB) and compared the results with those in a group of age‐matched control subjects. Parkinson patients with PD+ICB had poorer working memory performance than either controls or PD patients without ICB. PD+ICB patients also showed decreased learning from negative feedback and increased learning from positive feedback in off compared with on dopaminergic medication. This interaction between medication status and learning was the opposite of that found in the PD patients without a diagnosis of ICB. Finally, the PD group showed increased risk preference on medication relative to controls, and the subgroup of PD+ICB patients with pathological gambling were overall more risk prone than the PD group. Thus, medication status and an impulsive behavioral diagnosis differentially affect several behaviors in PD. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Penetrance in Parkinson's disease related to the LRRK2 R1441G mutation in the Basque country (Spain)
Authors: Ruiz‐Martínez Javier , Gorostidi Ana , Ibañez Berta , Alzualde Ainhoa , Otaegui David , Moreno Fermin , de Munain Adolfo López , Bergareche Alberto , Gómez‐Esteban Juan Carlos , Massó José F. Martí 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe LRRK2 R1441G mutation was first identified in Basque families and it is responsible for 46% of familial Parkinson's disease (PD) and for 2.5% of sporadic PD in the PD population of Basque ascent. The aim of this study was to determine LRRK2 R1441G penetrance in PD in the Basque Country (Spain) to help in a more accurate genetic counseling. A total of 59 sibships containing 244 individuals, with a total of 40 PD‐affected relatives, were studied. Genetic testing for the R1441G mutation in the LRRK2 gene was performed in 133 individuals and was positive in 51% of them. Lifetime penetrance of R1441G mutations turned out to be 12.5% at 65 years to 83.4% at 80 years. No gender differences were found in penetrance. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society.
Impaired finger dexterity in patients with parkinson's disease correlates with discriminative cutaneous sensory dysfunction
Authors: Lee Myung Sik , Lyoo Chul Hyoung , Lee Myung Jun , Sim Jaeeun , Cho Hanna , Choi Yun Ho 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTo study the influence of discriminative cutaneous sensory dysfunction on impaired finger dexterity in Parkinson's disease (PD), we evaluated 48 right‐handed PD patients during a practically defined off‐medication period and 24 healthy age‐matched controls. With visual deprivation, a finger tapping task (FTT) was performed to assess the speed of simple repetitive finger movements and a coin rotation task (CRT) was used to assess finger dexterity. The tasks were performed with the right hand. We measured the somesthetic temporal discrimination threshold (sTDT) in the right index finger. The mean ± SD FTT score of the patient group was lower than that of the control group (24.0 ± 8.0 vs. 29.8 ± 7.8; P < 0.01). The patient group performed worse on the CRT than the control group (8.5 ± 3.5 vs. 12.6 ± 1.7; P < 0.001). The mean sTDT value of the patient group was longer than that of the control group (124.0 ± 44.8 vs. 78.1 ± 26.2 ms; P < 0.001). The CRT scores correlated with the sTDT values (Pearson's correlation coefficient = −0.43; P < 0.01), but not with the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) finger bradykinesia scores or FTT scores. Multiple regression analysis showed that the sTDT values (parameter estimate = −0.03, SE = 0.01; P < 0.01), but not patient age, UPDRS finger bradykinesia score, or FTT score, affected the CRT score. Slowness of simple repetitive finger movements did not have a strong impact on the impaired manual dexterity of PD. Discriminative sensory dysfunction and consequent abnormal sensorimotor integration seem to be involved in the impaired finger dexterity of PD. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society.
Clinical expression of LRRK2 G2019S mutations in the elderly
Authors: Luciano Marta San , Lipton Richard B. , Wang Cuiling , Katz Mindy , Zimmerman Molly E. , Sanders Amy E. , Ozelius Laurie J. , Bressman Susan B. , Saunders‐Pullman Rachel 
Published: August 2010

AbstractMutations in the leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 gene (LRRK2, PARK8) are the most commonly identified monogenic etiology of Parkinson disease (PD). Over‐represented in the Ashkenazi Jewish population, these mutations are transmitted in an autosomal dominant manner with age‐dependent reduced penetrance. The natural history and penetrance of these mutations in the elderly is controversial and inadequately studied. We conducted a nested cohort study in a community‐based aging study (the Einstein Aging Study). Six elderly, initially nonmanifesting carriers (NMC) of the LRKK2 G2019S mutation were identified (average age 82.1 ± 7.0, range 72.7–90.8), and five had available longitudinal data. We matched five noncarrier controls to each NMC and followed them for an average of 4.7 years with annual cognitive and motor examinations. PD was identified in one NMC at age 95 and in no control subjects. The remaining carriers did not differ from controls on motor scores at baseline or follow‐up. The baseline Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale motor subscore (UPDRS‐III) in cases was 6.2 ± 6.9 (range 1–19) and in controls was 4.5 ± 6.6 (1–30), P = 0.6; the mean difference in UPDRS‐III slopes over time between cases and controls was 0.1 ± 1.3 and was not statistically significant. Our data, while limited by a small sample size, show that in LRKK2 G2019S mutation carriers, phenoconversion to PD can occur late in life. However, most NMC have motor decline which is indistinguishable from their age mates, suggesting that the larger subset of elderly NMC is not on the motor trajectory to disease. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society.
Peptides from water buffalo cheese whey induced senescence cell death via ceramide secretion in human colon adenocarcinoma cell line
Authors: De Simone Carmela , Ferranti Pasquale , Picariello Gianluca , Scognamiglio Ilaria , Dicitore Alessandra , Addeo Francesco , Chianese Lina , Stiuso Paola 
Published: August 2010

AbstractScope: Milk proteins are a source of bioactive peptides. Recent studies have indicated that protein‐derived peptides released in buffalo cheese acid whey exert a cytomodulatory effect in human epithelial colon cancer (CaCo2) cells. The aim of the present study was to explain the molecular mechanism involved in the response of CaCo2 cells to oxidative stress in the presence of peptide fractions of buffalo cheese whey, purified and characterized by mass spectrometry.Methods and results: We demonstrated that treatment of CaCo2 treated with H2O2 (H‐CaCo2) cells with a partially purified peptide sub‐fraction (f3) from buffalo cheese acid whey induced a reduction of mitochondrial superoxide anion with subsequent decrease in heat shock protein 70 and 90 expression. Moreover, we observed a 5‐fold decrease in cyclin A expression and cell cycle arrest in G1/G0 phases. These responses were associated with increased activity of alkaline phosphatase and beta‐galactosidase, markers of differentiation and senescence respectively.Conclusions: The structural characterization of the active peptide fraction and the elucidation of the effects induced by its treatment on H‐CaCo2 cells in vitro demonstrated an activity of this peptide sub‐fraction in the modulation of cell cycle, thus suggesting potential application for the development of nutraceuticals as well as health‐promoting functional foods.
A general framework for the analysis of vessel encoded arterial spin labeling for vascular territory mapping
Authors: Chappell Michael A. , Okell Thomas W. , Jezzard Peter , Woolrich Mark W. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractVessel encoded arterial spin labeling provides a way to perform non‐invasive vascular territory imaging. By uniquely encoding the blood within feeding arteries over a number of images, the territories of each can be identified. Here, a new approach for the analysis of vessel encoded arterial spin labeling data is presented. The method includes a full description of how the geometry of arteries and spatial label modulation affects the measured signal. It also incorporates an artery‐based classification that considers multiple arteries in each class, explicitly permitting a voxel to be supplied by multiple arteries. The developed framework is cast within a Bayesian inference procedure allowing both flow contributions and the locations of the arteries in the labeling plane to be inferred. By using simulated data, the method was shown to provide more accurate estimates of blood contribution in areas of mixed supply, such as would be found in watershed regions, than conventional methods. It was also able to estimate the location of arteries within the labeling plane, accounting for motion between sequence prescription and acquisition. Similar performance was found for data acquired using a pseudo‐continuous labeling scheme both in the neck and above the Circle of Willis. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Decay rates of select magnetic quadrupole transitions in helium
Authors: Alexander S. A. , Coldwell R. L. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractUsing a set of explicitly correlated trial wavefunctions that describe the three lowest singlet and triplet states of the helium atom with symmetry S, P, and D, we calculate the decay rates for all possible magnetic quadrupole (M2) transitions: m3P2→n1S0, m1P1→n3S1, m3D3→n1P1, and m1D2→n3P2. Our values are in excellent agreement with the best results in the literature. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011
Structural and electronic properties of cubic CeO2: Unpaired electrons in CeO2
Authors: Quintanar Carlos , Caballero Reyna , Barreto Jorge , Chavira Elizabeth , Marinero Ernesto E. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe high performance of cerium dioxide (CeO2) as support for Au in catalysis relies on its ability to anchor Au clusters and transfer charge to the gold nanoparticles. These two processes are governed by oxygen vacancy formation. To study the localization and the mobility of the electrons left behind by the vacancy from the relaxed oxygen, an experimental and theoretical study is hereby reported. CeO2 powder was synthesized by the polyacrylamide gel method and its microstructure was characterized by X‐ray diffraction and high resolution scanning electron microscopy. We have determined the presence of only the fluorite cubic phase in our samples and the formation of acicular particles of ∼1 μm in length. In the electron spin resonance study, we observed that the unpaired electrons are quasi free. A single‐line paramagnetic signal is observed that exhibits spin characteristics with a g‐value of 2.0039 at room temperature. This compares well to the value of 2.0023 determined for free electrons. In addition, we have conducted a theoretical study using a density functional theory cluster approach and calculate the electron spin density of CeO2 clusters. We find that spin density clouds are localized around the cerium ions. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010
The sirtuins in the pathogenesis of cancer
Authors: Voelter-Mahlknecht Susanne , Mahlknecht Ulrich 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Aging is the natural trace that time leaves behind on life during blossom and maturation, culminating in senescence and death. This process is accompanied by a decline in the healthy function of multiple organ systems, leading to increased incidence and mortality from diseases such as diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegeneration. Based on the fact that both sirtuin expression and activity appear to be upregulated in some types of cancer while they are being downregulated in others, there is quite some controversy stirring up as to the role of sirtuins, acting as cancer suppressors in some cases while under other circumstances they may promote cellular malignancy. It is therefore currently quite unclear as to what extent and under which particular circumstances sirtuin activators and/or inhibitors will find their place in the treatment of age-related disease and cancer. In this review, we take an effort to bring together the highlights of sirtuin research in order to shed some light on the mechanistic impact that sirtuins have on the pathogenesis of cellular malignancy.
Extracting compound terms from domain corpora
Authors: Lopes Lucelene , Vieira Renata , Finatto Maria José , Martins Daniel 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
The need for domain ontologies motivates the research on structured information extraction from texts. A foundational part of this process is the identification of domain relevant compound terms. This paper presents an evaluation of compound terms extraction from a corpus of the domain of Pediatrics. Bigrams and trigrams were automatically extracted from a corpus composed by 283 texts from a Portuguese journal, Jornal de Pediatria, using three different extraction methods. Considering that these methods generate an elevated number of candidates, we analyzed the quality of the resulting terms according to different methods and cut-off points. The evaluation is reported by metrics such as precision, recall and f-measure, which are computed on the basis of a hand-made reference list of domain relevant compounds.
Energy-efficient gait generation for biped robot based on the passive inverted pendulum model
Authors: Li Jian , Chen Weidong 
Published: August 2010

SUMMARYFrom the viewpoint of the system's mechanical energy, the passive inverted pendulum model (PIPM) is proposed for the generation of more energy-efficient biped gait pattern. The generated walking pattern, based on the PIPM, enables the fully actuated biped robots to closely mimic the behavior of stable passive walking, so that it can have good energy-efficiency, which is the inherent advantage of the passive system. Furthermore, the pattern generation method is extended to any desired terrain as well. As for SHR-1, the first-generation biped robot of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, gait synthesis is clarified in detail. Finally, the walking experiments are carried out on SHR-1, and the effectiveness of the proposed pattern generation method is confirmed.
Behaviorally spontaneous confabulation in limbic encephalitis: The roles of reality filtering and strategic monitoring
Authors: NAHUM LOUIS , PTAK RADEK , LEEMANN BÉATRICE , LALIVE PATRICE , SCHNIDER ARMIN 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBehaviorally spontaneous confabulation is characterized by a confusion of reality evident in currently inappropriate acts that patients justify with confabulations and in disorientation. Here, we describe a 38-year-old woman lawyer hospitalized because of non-herpetic, presumably autoimmune, limbic encephalitis. For months, she considered herself at work and desperately tried to respect her falsely believed professional obligations. In contrast to a completely erroneous concept of reality, she did not confabulate about her remote personal past. In tasks proposed to test strategic retrieval monitoring, she produced no confabulations. As expected, she failed in tasks of reality filtering, previously shown to have high sensitivity and specificity for behaviorally spontaneous confabulation and disorientation: she failed to suppress the interference of currently irrelevant memories and she had deficient extinction capacity. The observation underscores the special status of behaviorally spontaneous confabulation among confabulatory phenomena and of reality filtering as a thought control mechanism. We suggest that different processes may underlie the generation of false memories and their verbal expression. We also emphasize the need to present theories of confabulation together with experimental tasks that allow one to empirically verify the theories and to explore underlying physiological mechanisms. (JINS, 2010, 16, 995–1005.)