bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rhetoric's Other:
Authors: Lipari Lisbeth 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
It does not seem terribly unfair to say that studies of both rhetoric and dialogue have tended, by and large, to pass over listening in favor of speaking. In scholarly as well as quotidian parlance, it would appear that both rhetoric and dialogue are principally concerned with speech, banishing listening to the silent subservience of rhetoric's other. Whichever way it is glossed—as rhetoric, dialogue, language, or argumentation—the Western conception of logos emphasizes speaking at the expense of listening (Fiumara 1990). And the problem with conceiving of logos in terms of speech and speaking is not only that it ignores the importance of listening but also that it obscures how listening makes the ethical response possible. Drawing on the philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas, this article examines the ethical exigency of the face and its relation to primordial discourse in order to disclose the otherwise hidden ethical significance of listening and its vocation as a form of co-constitutive communicative action that can “listen persons to speech.”
Palladium‐Catalyzed C‐2 Selective CH Olefination of Pyridines
Authors: Wen Ping , Li Yanmei , Zhou Kang , Ma Chao , Lan Xiaobo , Ma Chaowei , Huang Guosheng 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA novel and efficient protocol for the C‐2 selective olefination of pyridines via a palladium‐catalyzed oxidative cross‐coupling reaction has been developed. A wide range of pyridines and olefin substrates including acrylic ester, styrene, and acrylamide are compatible. The products are highly useful building blocks for the synthesis of bioactive alkaloid natural products and drug molecules.
A Polymer‐Supported Chiral Fluorinated Dirhodium(II) Complex for Asymmetric Amination of Silyl Enol Ethers
Authors: Oohara Tadashi , Nambu Hisanori , Anada Masahiro , Takeda Koji , Hashimoto Shunichi 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe immobilization of dirhodium(II) tetrakis[N‐tetrafluorophthaloyl‐(S)‐tert‐leucinate], [Rh2(S‐TFPTTL)4], has been accomplished by copolymerization of a dirhodium(II) complex‐containing monomer with styrene and 1,6‐bis(4‐vinylbenzyloxy)hexane as a flexible cross‐linker. The polymer‐supported chiral fluorinated dirhodium(II) complex catalyzed the amination of silyl enol ethers with [N‐(2‐nitrophenylsulfonyl)imino]phenyliodinane (NsNIPh) to provide α‐amino ketones in high yields with high levels of enantioselectivity and could be used up to 20 times as the catalyst readily withstood stirring in the presence of the solid reactant.
Characteristics of effective health and safety committees: Survey results
Authors: Morse Tim , Bracker Anne , Warren Nicholas , Goyzueta Jeanette , Cook Matthew 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackgroundAlthough perhaps the most common worker‐management structure, there has been surprisingly little research on describing and evaluating the characteristics of health and safety committees.MethodsA survey of 380 health and safety committee members from 176 manufacturing workplaces was supplemented with administrative data and compared with reported workers' compensation rates. Survey respondents also reported perceptions of overall safety, committee, effectiveness, committee activities, and “best practices.”ResultsExtensive descriptive data is presented, including a mean of 8.7 members per committee spending 1,167 hr per year on committee business for an estimate of $40,500 worth of time per committee. Higher speed to correct action items, a focus on ergonomics, and planning for safety training was associated with lower injury rates. The discrepancy between managers and hourly committee members in estimating overall safety was strongly positively associated with injury rates.ConclusionsCommunications and worker involvement may be important to address discrepancy issues. Prospective studies are needed to distinguish directionality of associations. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:163–179, 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Growth standards of patients with Noonan and Noonan‐like syndromes with mutations in the RAS/MAPK pathway
Authors: Malaquias Alexsandra C. , Brasil Amanda S. , Pereira Alexandre C. , Arnhold Ivo J.P. , Mendonca Berenice B. , Bertola Debora R. , Jorge Alexander A.L. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractNoonan syndrome (NS) and Noonan‐like syndromes (NLS) are autosomal dominant disorders caused by heterozygous mutations in genes of the RAS/MAPK pathway. The aim of the study was to construct specific growth charts for patients with NS and NLS. Anthropometric measurements (mean of 4.3 measurements per patient) were obtained in a mixed cross‐sectional and longitudinal mode from 127 NS and 10 NLS patients with mutations identified in PTPN11 (n = 90), SOS1 (n = 14), RAF1 (n = 10), KRAS (n = 8), BRAF (n = 11), and SHOC2 (n = 4) genes. Height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) references were constructed using the lambda, mu, sigma (LMS) method. Patients had birth weight and length within normal ranges for gestational age although a higher preterm frequency (16%) was observed. Mean final heights were 157.4 cm [−2.4 standard deviation score (SDS)] and 148.4 cm (−2.2 SDS) for adult males and females, respectively. BMI SDS was lower when compared to Brazilian standards (BMI SDS of −0.9 and −0.5 SDS for males and females, respectively). Patients harboring mutations in RAF1 and SHOC2 gene were shorter than other genotypes, whereas patients with SOS1 and BRAF mutations had more preserved postnatal growth. In addition, patients with RAF1 and BRAF had the highest BMI whereas patients with SHOC2 and KRAS mutations had the lowest BMI. The present study established the first height, weight, and BMI reference curves for NS and NLS patients, based only on patients with a proven molecular cause. These charts can be useful for the clinical follow‐up of patients with NS and NLS. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evanescent matter
Authors: Peebles P.J.E. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe ΛCDM cosmology offers a picture for galaxy formation that is broadly promising but difficult to reconcile with the evidence that galaxies were assembled earlier than seems naturally to follow from this cosmology, and that environment has had strikingly little effect on the evolution of ellipticals and pure disk spiral galaxies after assembly. Reconciliation might be aided by adding to ΛCDM evanescent matter that has an evolving mass and a fifth force large enough to aid earlier assembly of more nearly isolated protogalaxies.
Systematic tailoring of water absorption in photopolymerizable (meth)acrylate networks and its effect on mechanical properties
Authors: Lakhera Nishant , Smith Kathryn E. , Frick Carl P. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPhotopolymerizable (meth)acrylate networks offer several advantages as biomedical materials including their ability to be formed in situ, fast synthesis rates, and tailorable material properties. The objective of this study was to identify how phosphate buffered saline (PBS) absorption affects the thermomechanical properties of a ternary (meth)acrylate network. Copolymers consisting of 2‐hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate (2HEMA), benzyl acrylate (BZA), and poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA; Mn ∼ 750) were synthesized under UV with varying weight ratios of 2HEMA to BZA. Each composition underwent dynamic mechanical analysis, tensile strain‐to‐failure testing, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis, and swelling measurements after 24‐h immersion in PBS. Networks with higher 2HEMA concentrations absorbed larger amounts of PBS resulting in a larger decrease in the glass transition temperature. PBS absorption affects the mechanical properties of BZA‐2HEMA‐PEGDMA networks in a manner dependent upon the amount of PBS absorbed into the network. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Integrating knowledge representation and quantitative modelling in physiology
Authors: de Bono Bernard , Hunter Peter 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA wealth of potentially shareable resources, such as data and models, is being generated through the study of physiology by computational means. Although in principle the resources generated are reusable, in practice, few can currently be shared. A key reason for this disparity stems from the lack of consistent cataloguing and annotation of these resources in a standardised manner. Here, we outline our vision for applying community‐based modelling standards in support of an automated integration of models across physiological systems and scales. Two key initiatives, the Physiome Project and the European contribution – the Virtual Phsysiological Human Project, have emerged to support this multiscale model integration, and we focus on the role played by two key components of these frameworks, model encoding and semantic metadata annotation. We present examples of biomedical modelling scenarios (the endocrine effect of atrial natriuretic peptide, and the implications of alcohol and glucose toxicity) to illustrate the role that encoding standards and knowledge representation approaches, such as ontologies, could play in the management, searching and visualisation of physiology models, and thus in providing a rational basis for healthcare decisions and contributing towards realising the goal of of personalized medicine.
Usefulness of balloon angioplasty for the right ventricle‐pulmonary artery shunt with the modified norwood procedure
Authors: Ohno Naoki , Ohtsuki Shinichi , Kataoka Koichi , Baba Kenji , Okamoto Yoshio , Kondo Maiko , Sano Shunji , Kasahara Shingo , Honjo Osami , Morishima Tsuneo 
Published: August 2012

ObjectiveWe sought to evaluate the efficacy of balloon angioplasty (BA) for severely desaturated patients due to a stenotic right ventricle (RV) to pulmonary artery (PA) shunt following modified Norwood procedure.MethodsOf 87 patients who underwent a Norwood procedure with the RV‐PA shunt between February 1998 through March 2010, 22 (25%) patients underwent BA. The efficacy of BA was assessed by angiographic measurement of the changes in the internal diameters of the stenotic portions of the shunt, changes in arterial saturation and clinical outcomes.ResultsBA was performed for stenotic RV‐PA shunts following stage I palliation (n = 17, 77%), or those placed as an additional blood source (n = 5, 23%, 3 patients awaiting biventricular repair, 2 patients following stage II palliation). The location of the BA was at the distal anastomosis in 12 (54.5%), proximal anastomosis in 21 (95.4%) and in the mid‐portion of the shunt in 11 (50%) cases. The diameters of these three shunt portions were measured from the anterior–posterior and lateral angiographic images, increasing significantly after BA (p < 0.0001) in all. Arterial saturation significantly improved after BA in all cases (66.5 ± 4.3% to 79.4 ± 3.4%, p < 0.0001). Freedom from reintervention was 100%. All patients underwent subsequent elective planned surgery at an appropriate age with no mortality.ConclusionsA BA‐alone strategy for a stenotic RV‐PA shunt was effective for all three shunt portions, minimizing shunt‐related premature surgical intervention. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Development and preclinical evaluation of a biodegradable ventricular septal defect occluder
Authors: Huang Xin‐miao , Zhu Yu‐feng , Cao Jiang , Hu Jian‐qiang , Bai Yuan , Jiang Hai‐bing , Li Zhao‐feng , Chen Ying , Wang Wei , Qin Yong‐wen 
Published: August 2012

ObjectivesThis study evaluated the feasibility, effectiveness, and safety of a biodegradable (BD) occluder for closure of ventricular septal defect (VSD) in an acute canine model.BackgroundAll current available VSD occluders are permanent implants which consist of a metal framework and synthetic fabrics. However, the septal occluder in vivo plays the role of a temporary bridge that facilitates the ingrowth of fibrous connective tissue and endothelialization. The ideal occluder may be a temporary scaffold which can be gradually absorbed in vivo and replaced by “native” tissue.MethodsThe BD VSD occluder consists of a polydioxanone (PDO) framework and two pieces of poly‐L‐lactic acid (PLLA) fabrics. Percutaneous transcatheter closure of interventionally created VSDs was performed in 16 dogs using the BD occluders. Follow‐up consisted of electrocardiography, transthoracic echocardiography, and fluoroscopy from 1 week to 24 weeks post‐implantation. Gross pathology and histopathology were obtained at 6, 12, and 24 weeks follow‐up.ResultsImplantation of the BD occluders was successful in 15 animals. The devices became well integrated into the ventricular septum with complete endothelialization at 12 weeks after implantation. After 24 weeks in vivo, the PDO framework of devices was largely absorbed and replaced by the ingrowth of collagenous fibers, and the PLLA fabric within disks was partly degraded. Neither occluder dislocation nor VSD recanalization occurred during follow‐up.ConclusionsThe BD occluder proved safe and effective for VSD closure. This device is characterized by compatible mechanical properties, a fully BD property, and a good match between the degradation of occluder and the healing response of organism. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Are adverse events following an invasive strategy in patients with non‐ST‐segment elevation acute coronary syndromes more frequent at US sites versus Non‐US sites? analysis from the ACUITY trial
Authors: Tobbia Patrick , Brodie Bruce R. , Stuckey Thomas , McLaurin Brent T. , Cox David A. , Fahy Martin , Xu Ke , Mehran Roxana , Stone Gregg W. 
Published: August 2012

ObjectiveTo compare outcomes between US and non‐US (OUS) sites in patients with non ST‐elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTEACS) and to evaluate potential reasons for differences in outcomes.BackgroundThere are little data comparing outcomes at US versus OUS sites in patients with NSTEACS managed with an invasive strategy.MethodsThe ACUITY trial randomized 13,819 patients with NSTEACS in 17 countries to an invasive approach with one of three strategies: (1) heparin plus glycoprotein platelet inhibitors (GPI), (2) bivalirudin plus GPI, or (3) bivalirudin alone.ResultsUS patients were more often female, were younger, heavier, and had more diabetes, prior myocardial infarction (MI), and prior bypass surgery. US patients were less often treated with percutaneous coronary intervention but had more frequent drug‐eluting stent use. US patients had lower mortality and higher MI rates at 30 days and 1 year and higher composite ischemic outcome at 30 days. After adjusting for differences in baseline variables, US patients had higher rates of MI and composite ischemic outcome at 30 days and higher rates of MI at 1 year {HR [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 1.36 [1.18–1.56], P < 0.0001} with no differences in mortality. There were no differences in treatment effects comparing bivalirudin with the other strategies between US and OUS sites.ConclusionsUS versus OUS patients with NSTEACS had higher adjusted rates of MI and ischemia. The reasons for these differences are not clear but may be due to unmeasured confounders, different thresholds for event reporting, or valid differences in systems of care which may impact outcomes. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Outcomes of carotid stenting in patients with previous neck radiation
Authors: Cam Akin , Shishehbor Mehdi H. , Bajaj Navkaranbir S. , Ozkan Alper , Bajzer Christopher T. , Kapadia Samir R. 
Published: August 2012

ObjectivesOur aim was to report outcomes of percutaneous stenting of carotid stenosis in patients with previous neck radiation.BackgroundPost‐irradiation carotid disease is often extensive and involves atypical areas. Data regarding outcomes of stenting of these lesions are scarce.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed medical records at our institution from January 1998 through May 2010 to determine baseline characteristics, procedural details, and follow‐up data of patients who underwent stenting of radiation‐associated carotid stenosis.ResultsOur study included 70 patients who underwent a total of 83 procedures. Of these, 47 patients were male (67%), mean age was 66.3 ± 10.6 years. Mean follow‐up was 47.5 months (range from 1 to 155 months). All patients had a history of radiotherapy to the neck area, with laryngeal cancer being the most common reason. Furthermore, 41 patients (58.5%) had previous neck surgery due to malignancies. An embolic protection device was used in 61 (73%) procedures. During the follow‐up, 5 (6%) ipsilateral events among a total of 10 (12.0%) ischemic events were observed. There was 1 intraprocedural stroke (1.2%), but there were no other ischemic event at 30 days and 1‐year post procedure. Mortality was 4.8% during the first 30 days, 8.6% during the first year and 60% at the end of the study. Restenosis was seen in 2 (2.4%) patients at 1 year and in total nine patients (10.8 %) with long‐term follow‐up.ConclusionsCarotid stenting is a safe and durable treatment option for patients with severe carotid stenosis and neck radiation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Outcomes after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in octogenarians and nonagenarians with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction: From the Western Denmark heart registry
Authors: Antonsen Lisbeth , Jensen Lisette Okkels , Terkelsen Christian Juhl , Tilsted Hans‐Henrik , Junker Anders , Maeng Michael , Hansen Knud Noerregaard , Lassen Jens Flensted , Thuesen Leif , Thayssen Per 
Published: August 2012

BackgroundElderly patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) constitute a particular risk group in relation to primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI).ObjectiveWe examined the proportion of octogenarians and nonagenarians undergoing PPCI in Western Denmark, and their short‐ and long‐term mortality rates.MethodsFrom 2002 to 2009 all consecutive patients ≥80 years with STEMI treated with PPCI were identified in the population based Western Denmark Heart Registry. Cox regression analysis was used to compute hazard ratios, controlling for potential confounding.ResultsA total of 1,322 elderly (1,213 octogenarians and 109 nonagenarians), corresponding to 11.6% of the total PPCI treated STEMI population were treated with PPCI between 2002 and 2009. The annual proportion of octogenarians referred for PPCI increased from n = 52 (6.2%) in 2002 to n = 172 (11.8%) in 2009 (P < 0.01), while it remained unchanged in nonagenarians: n = 6 (0.6%) in 2002 to n = 13 (0.8%) in 2009 (P = ns). For octogenarians and nonagenarians, 30‐day mortality was 17.2% versus 25.8% (log‐rank P = 0.028), 1‐year mortality was 27.6% versus 32.5% (log‐rank P = 0.18) and 5‐year mortality 53.6% versus 57.3% (log‐rank P = 0.087), respectively. Adjusted 30‐day hazard ratio (HR) = 1.59 (95% confidence interval = CI: 1.07–2.36), 1‐year HR = 1.34 (CI: 0.95–1.90), and 5‐year mortality HR = 1.39 (CI: 1.04–1.85) was higher in nonagenarians compared with octogenarians.ConclusionThe annual proportion of octogenarians with STEMI treated with PPCI doubled from 2002 to 2009, while the proportion of nonagenarians remained unchanged. Although nonagenarians had the highest short‐ and long‐term mortality, we found the outcome acceptable with a 5‐year survival of more than 40% in both groups. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dramatic Specific‐Ion Effect in Supramolecular Hydrogels
Authors: Roy Sangita , Javid Nadeem , Frederix Pim W. J. M. , Lamprou Dimitrios A. , Urquhart Andrew J. , Hunt Neil T. , Halling Peter J. , Ulijn Rein V. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe report on a pronounced specific‐ion effect on the intermolecular and chiral organization, supramolecular structure formation, and resulting materials properties for a series of low molecular weight peptide‐based hydrogelators, observed in the presence of simple inorganic salts. This effect was demonstrated using aromatic short peptide amphiphiles, based on fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc). Gel‐phase materials were formed due to molecular self‐assembly, driven by a combination of hydrogen bonding and π‐stacking interactions. Pronounced morphological changes were observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) for Fmoc‐YL peptide, ranging from dense fibrous networks to spherical aggregates, depending on the type of anions present. The gels formed had variable mechanical properties, with G′ values between 0.8 kPa and 2.4 kPa as determined by rheometry. Spectroscopic analysis provided insights into the differential mode of self‐assembly, which was found to be dictated by the hydrophobic interactions of the fluorenyl component, with comparable H‐bonding patterns observed in each case. The efficiency of the anions in promoting the hydrophobic interactions and thereby self‐assembly was found to be consistent with the Hofmeister anion sequence. Similar effects were observed with other hydrophobic peptides, Fmoc‐VL and Fmoc‐LL. The effect was found to be less pronounced for a less hydrophobic peptide, Fmoc‐AA. To get more insights into the molecular mechanism, the effect of anions on sol–gel equilibrium was investigated, which indicates the observed changes result from the specific‐ion effects on gels structure, rather than on the sol–gel equilibrium. Thus, we demonstrate that, by simply changing the ionic environment, structurally diverse materials can be accessed providing an important design consideration in nanofabrication via molecular self‐assembly.
Schwermetallfreie Aktivatoren chemischer Reaktionen
Authors: Jaenicke Lothar 
Published: August 2012

AbstractEin wesentliches Anliegen an heutige Chemiker ist, chemische Reaktionen unter umweltschonenderen Bedingungen auszuführen, als es von ihren Vorgängern seit Alchimistenjahrhunderten gefordert war. Dazu gehört auch, gängige und bewährte Syntheseverfahren mit komplexbildenden oder katalysierenden Schwermetallen so zu modifizieren, dass an deren Stelle in Bindungsart und ‐geometrie äquivalente, harmlosere Leichtatome in Reaktionszentren gesetzt werden. Es ist ganz im Sinn bewährten chemischen Denkens, die homologen Reihen des Periodensystems ins Visier zu nehmen und abzuklopfen.
Der lange Weg zum Makromolekül
Authors: Braun Dietrich 
Published: August 2012

AbstractDas um 1920 von Hermann Staudinger geprägte Wort “Makromolekül” hat eine lange Vorgeschichte: Ausgehend von dem auf Berzelius zurückgehenden Begriff der Polymerie und der Entwicklung der organischen Chemie im 19. Jahrhundert sowie der Kolloidlehre (Thomas Graham) und der Micellartheorie (Carl Wilhelm von Nägeli) entstanden erst anfangs des 20. Jahrhunderts experimentell gesicherte Vorstellungen über Größe und Bau natürlicher und synthetischer Polymerer. Sie gipfeln in der inzwischen allgemein akzeptierten Erkenntnis, dass synthetische makromolekulare Stoffe aus Gemischen von polymerhomologen Molekülen mit hauptvalenzmäßiger Verknüpfung der sie bildenden Atome bestehen.
Contractile‐ring assembly in fission yeast cytokinesis: Recent advances and new perspectives
Authors: Lee I‐Ju , Coffman Valerie C. , Wu Jian‐Qiu 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe fission yeastSchizosaccharomyces pombeis an excellent model organism to study cytokinesis. Here, we review recent advances on contractile‐ring assembly in fission yeast. First, we summarize the assembly of cytokinesis nodes, the precursors of a normal contractile ring. IQGAP Rng2 and myosin essential light chain Cdc4 are recruited by the anillin‐like protein Mid1, followed by the addition of other cytokinesis node proteins. Mid1 localization on the plasma membrane is stabilized by interphase node proteins. Second, we discuss proteins and processes that contribute to the search, capture, pull, and release mechanism of contractile‐ring assembly. Actin filaments nucleated by formin Cdc12, the motor activity of myosin‐II, the stiffness of the actin network, and severing of actin filaments by cofilin all play essential roles in contractile‐ring assembly. Finally, we discuss the Mid1‐independent pathway for ring assembly, and the possible mechanisms underlying the ring maturation and constriction. Collectively, we provide an overview of the current understanding of contractile‐ring assembly and uncover future directions in studying cytokinesis in fission yeast. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc