bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural Ventilation Cooling Effectiveness Classification for Building Design Addressing Climate Characteristics
Authors: Li Wenjing , Xu Xinhui , Yao Jiawei , Makvandi Mehdi , Chen Qingchang , Sun Zhuoyang , Yuan Philip F. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The evaluation of natural ventilation potential for effective sustainable options and innovative green building design strategies is of great interest to architects, researchers and governments. From a retrospective review, we found that the potential evaluation of natural ventilation (NV) cooling effectiveness in the same category based on similar meteorological uncertainty, research objectives and objects showed significant differences. Uncertainties added and uncertainty propagation (both model form uncertainties and parameter uncertainties) could result in large discrepancies between simulation outcomes and real scenarios, especially in the design performance modeling (DPM) phase. In this conceptual design stage, a few parameters are available and therefore decisive. It is necessary to review and identify the key performance indicators and explore the extent to which deviations are caused by inconsistencies or biases in model information. As a basis for more concrete research, we propose statistical tests based on quantitative evaluations to explore the rule of natural ventilation potential volatility and identify whether there is a significant potential improvement resulting from the critical parameter enhancement with the optimal relationship. The showcase is applied in China, where there has been a significant amount of criticism regarding the current building climate zoning due to the perceived coarseness of the system and where there has been an active exploration into the possibility of redefining building climate zoning with a view toward improving its accuracy and effectiveness.
The effect of anti-thrombotic therapy on cell-free DNA release from first- and third-trimester placental explants: insights into the mechanism of non-invasive prenatal test (NIPT) failures
Authors: Pearce Benjamin JG , De Alwis Natasha , Nguyen Natalie , Beard Sally , Hannan Natalie J , Hui Lisa 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective: Low molecular weight heparins, including enoxaparin, have been associated with increased non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) failures due to low fetal fraction of cell-free (cf) DNA. This study investigated the effect of enoxaparin and antiplatelet therapies on placental tissue in vitro, aiming to determine effects on cfDNA release.
Method: First- and third-trimester human placental explants were treated with graded concentrations of enoxaparin, aspirin, clopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor. Concentrations of cfDNA in the culture media were quantified and relative differences between treated and control samples were assessed using the Student’s T-test. Expression of apoptosis genes BAX and BCL2 was assessed in placental explants by RT-qPCR.
Results: Enoxaparin treatment significantly increased cfDNA release by placental explants (p<0.01). This effect was more pronounced in the first trimester samples. Increase in cfDNA with enoxaparin was not associated with altered expression of apoptosis genes. There was no significant difference in cfDNA release in placental explants cultured with aspirin or newer anti-platelet agents.
Conclusions: Our in vitro results suggest that NIPT failures associated with enoxaparin therapy are unlikely to be mediated by reduced placental cfDNA release. Antiplatelet agents do not have a significant impact on cfDNA release or apoptosis.
Rehabilitation Nursing for Brain Tumor Patients: A Scoping Review
Authors: Tokunaga Runa , Sakaki Miki , Kashiwa Satomi , Hayashi Naoko 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
There is a lack of systematic reports on the current status and roles of nurses in rehabilitation that significantly impact the functional prognosis and quality of life of brain tumor patients. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to conduct a scoping review on rehabilitation nursing for brain tumor patients.
Methods
Using the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis, this research employed a scoping review design. CINAHL plus and PubMed databases were searched for literature published from 1947 to November 2023. Inclusion criteria covered articles including rehabilitation nursing for brain tumor patients and excluded pediatric studies, case reports, discussion papers, reviews, editorials, and expert opinions. The study is registered with UMIN-CTR (ID: UMIN000053136).
Results
Following the adoption criteria, of the 2748 articles found 19 were selected. The literature selection adheres to PRISMA guidelines. The research designs included two RCTs, five longitudinal intervention studies, three systematic reviews, eight literature reviews, and one questionnaire survey. Among them, 15 articles discussed rehabilitation nursing practices performed by other healthcare professionals, while four articles specifically addressed rehabilitation as one aspect of nursing care for brain tumor patients. The identified aspects were categorized as: information gathering and organization, meaning for the continuation of rehabilitation, prevention and management of secondary complications, family support, and collaboration with other healthcare professionals, all of which were consistently explicated in all studies. Current challenges in rehabilitation nursing included a lack of studies on outcome measurement, insufficient knowledge and skills among nurses, and underdeveloped specialization in the field.
Conclusions
Nurses play a crucial role in collecting patient information and collaborating with healthcare professionals for effective rehabilitation. They address symptoms arising from the disease and treatment, contributing significantly to rehabilitation's effectiveness. However, research on rehabilitation nursing for brain tumor patients is limited, highlighting the need for further development in this area.
Spatial Heterogeneity of Landscapes and Land Cover in Sulawesi Island in Relation to Water Regulation Ecosystem Services
Authors: Nursaputra Munajat 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The dynamics of land cover changes on Sulawesi Island have been analyzed to assess their impact on water regulation ecosystem services. This research aimed to spatially map the temporal evolution of these services from 1990 to 2022, employing a comprehensive dataset of natural landscapes, vegetation, and land cover patterns. Findings indicate that the island initially maintained a high capacity for water regulation, predominantly classified as high or very high in 1990. However, a significant decline was observed, with the island shifting to predominantly medium classes of water regulation services by 2022. Central and South Sulawesi experienced the most significant decreases in service capacity, while Southeast Sulawesi and Central Sulawesi exhibited some improvement in recent years. The spatial analysis elucidated the interplay between environmental changes and the provision of ecosystem services, emphasizing the profound influence of anthropogenic land cover alterations. The loss of vegetated areas and the increase in agricultural and urbanized land have been linked to the decrease in water regulation services, with direct implications for flood risk, water availability, and watershed health. The study highlights the importance of ecological carrying capacity as an indicator of regional sustainability, reflected in the fluctuating levels of water regulation services. The research concludes that the downward trend in water regulation services necessitates a strategic focus on restoration and conservation efforts to ensure the long-term viability of environmental and human systems. Policymakers are urged to consider these findings in the development of land cover policies, emphasizing the necessity of maintaining ecosystem service levels to support the island's environmental carrying capacity and resilience. Future work should continue to monitor these trends and investigate the efficacy of conservation interventions, thereby contributing to the global understanding of land cover impacts on ecosystem services.
A 15-month-old boy with communicating bronchopulmonary foregut malformation (CBPFM) type II and VACTERL association: A case report
Authors: Sadr Saeed , pour Ahmad Safa , tabari Ahmad khalegh nejad , Sarafi Mehdi , kiani Masoud , Khalili Mitra , Qomi Zahra , Derikvandi Shima 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Communicating bronchopulmonary foregut malformation (CBPFM) is a rare congenital anomaly involving abnormal connections between respiratory tissue and the esophagus or stomach. This case report details a 15-month-old boy with CBPFM type II, presenting with cardiac dextroposition, an esophageal lung, and associated VACTERL (vertebral defects, anal atresia, cardiac defects, tracheo-oesophageal fistula, renal anomalies, and limb abnormalities) association.
Case presentation:
The patient's clinical history, prenatal screenings, and three hospitalizations were documented. Diagnostic tools included chest X-rays, upper GI contrast series, CT scans, echocardiography, bronchoscopy and esophagoscopy. Surgical intervention involved thoracotomy, lung resection, and fistula repair. Pathological examination and postoperative care were conducted, with outcome monitoring. The patient initially presented with recurrent respiratory distress and pneumonia. Imaging revealed severe right lung hypoplasia, cardiac dextroposition, and an esophageal bronchus. Surgical intervention identified a fistula between the esophagus and lung. Unfortunately, postoperative complications, including Acinetobacter sepsis, led to the patient's demise four days after surgery.
Conclusions
CBPFM, a complex congenital anomaly, poses diagnostic challenges, often leading to delayed recognition. Early diagnosis is crucial, especially considering the potential for associated malformations. This case emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, including imaging modalities like CT scans and bronchoscopy, in achieving accurate diagnoses. Surgical intervention, although currently the primary treatment, may carry risks, and postoperative complications can impact outcomes.
Prognostic value of deep learning based RCA PCAT and plaque volume beyond CT-FFR in patients with stent implantation
Authors: Huang Zengfa , Tang Ruiyao , Du Xinyu , Ding Yi , Yang ZhiWen , Cao Beibei , Li Mei , Wang Xi , Wang Wanpeng , Li Zuoqin , Xiao Jianwei , Wang Xiang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The study aims to investigate the prognostic value of deep learning based pericoronary adipose tissue attenuation computed tomography (PCAT) and plaque volume beyond coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) -derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) in patients with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A total of 183 patients with PCI who underwent coronary CTA were included in this retrospectively study. Imaging assessment included PCAT, plaque volume and CT-FFR which were performed using an artificial intelligence (AI) assisted workstation. Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression were used to estimate major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) including non-fatal myocardial infraction (MI), stroke and mortality. In total, 22 (12%) MACE occurred during the median follow-up of 38.0 months (interquartile range 34.6–54.6 months). Kaplan-Meier survival curves indicated that right coronary artery (RCA) PCAT (p = 0.007) and plaque volume (p = 0.008) were significantly associated with the increasing of MACE. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that RCA PCAT [hazard ratios (HR): 2.94, 95%CI: 1.15–7.50, p = 0.025] and plaque volume (HR: 3.91, 95%CI: 1.20-12.75, p = 0.024) were independent predictors of MACE after adjusting for clinical risk factors. However, CT-FFR was not independently associated with MACE in multivariable Cox regression (p = 0.271). Deep learning based RCA PCAT and plaque volume derived from coronary CTA was found to be more strongly associated with MACE than CT-FFR in patients with PCI.
Structure and optical properties of Ag135Cu60 nanocluster incorporating an Ag135 fullerene wrapped by copper complexes
Authors: Wang Shuxin , Tang Li , Dong Weinan , Han Qikai , Wang Bin , Wu Zhennan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

We report the synthesis and crystal structure of Ag135Cu60(PET)60Cl42 (Ag135Cu60 for short hereafter; PET = 2-phenylethanethiol) — the first example of a noble metal nanocluster incorporating a C60-like buckminsterfullerene moiety. Ag135Cu60 was obtained by sodium borohydride reduction of a solution of AgCu-SR complexes, and its structure can be described as Ag13@Ag42@Ag60Ag20@Cl12@Cu60(PET)60Cl30. This layer-by-layer assembly leads to varying electron delocalization due to changes in metal bond lengths, giving Ag135Cu60 both molecular and metallic properties leading to unusual power dependencies resulting from molecular-state-directed acoustic oscillations. This research inspires further exploration into customizable metal nanocluster structures and opens up new opportunities to study the influence of nanocluster structure on the metallic state.
Today's Problem, Tomorrow's Crisis: Longlivers in the Emergency Department
Authors: ŞENGÜLDÜR ERDINÇ , SELKI KUDRET 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to analyze the emergency department (ED) admissions of patients aged 90 years and older (longlivers) and to provide the literature with data showing the needs and characteristics of this highly vulnerable group in the ED.
Methods
This was a retrospective, single-center observational study. Patients aged 65 years and older admitted to the ED between 1 January, 2022 and 31 December, 2023 were identified and included in the study. Descriptive statistical data of the patients included in the study were generated in terms of the scanned parameters. The characteristics of the longlivers and patients aged less than 90 years were compared with each other. Longlivers were analyzed for comorbid diseases and diagnoses made in the ED. Continuous data were compared between two groups by the Mann‒Whitney U test. The relationships between two categorical variables were analyzed by Pearson's chi-square test.
Results
The proportion of longlivers among elderly patients who presented to the ED was 3.9% (n = 711). The longitudinal population consisted of 60% (n = 428) women. A total of 77.6% (n = 552) of the longlivers were admitted to the ED by ambulance. The 48-hour, 30-day and 180-day mortality rates of longlivers were greater than those of elderly patients under 90 years of age (1.4% [n = 10] vs 0.4% [n = 69], 5.8% [n = 41] vs 2% [n = 352], and 10.5% [n = 75] vs 4.9% [n = 858]). The most common comorbid diseases of longlivers are hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and dementia. The most common diagnoses in the ED are falls, upper respiratory tract infections and asthma/COPD attacks.
Conclusions
The mortality rate of longlivers is quite high, and the decision to discharge patients from the ED should be made with extreme caution. The prescribed treatments should be explained in detail to longlivers and their relatives, and readmissions due to exacerbations of chronic diseases should be prevented. Precautions to be taken about falls may prevent injuries. Special examination and treatment areas or geriatric EDs to be established for longlivers will prevent ED crowding that will develop due to recurrent ED admissions of these patients, which are expected to increase proportionally in the future.
HTLV-1-infected cells drive the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages in vitro
Authors: Souza Sabrina Pires Maciel , Melo Guilherme A. , Calôba Carolina , Pereira Renata M. , Echevarria-Lima Juliana 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background. The human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus that causes HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). HAM/TSP is a chronic inflammatory neurodegenerative disease characterized by leukocyte infiltration in the spinal cord. T-lymphocytes are the most important targets of HTLV-1 infection, but monocytes are also infected. Monocytes from HTLV-1-infected individuals exhibit important functional differences compared to cells from uninfected donors. Here, we investigated the effects of cell-cell physical contact and/or secreted factors of HTLV-1-infected cells in monocyte activation and differentiation.
Methods. The THP-1 human monocytic cell line was co-cultured with a human cell line transformed by HTLV-1 (MT-2) for 6 days. To determine the effects of co-culturing HTLV-1-infected cells in THP-1 monocytes cells were characterized by flow cytometry, immunofluorescence microscopy, and real-time PCR. Computational analysis of published transcriptomic datasets was realized to investigate molecular profiles of macrophages with mononuclear cells from HTLV-1 carriers.
Results. Co-culture of monocytes with HTLV-1-infected cells induced macrophage differentiation and upregulation of typical macrophages-associated molecules (HLA-DR, CD80, and CD86), increased cytokine (TNFα, IL-6, and IL-1β) levels and their coding genes. Consistently, published transcriptomic datasets showed changes in important genes associated with inflammation during HAM/TSP in patients. The presence of HTLV-1-infected cells in the culture also induced significant upregulation of Interferon Stimulated Genes (ISG), indicating viral infection. Monocyte activation and differentiation into pro-inflammatory macrophages occurred in a cell-to-cell contact-independent manner, suggesting the role of factors secreted by infected cells.
Conclusions. Together our results indicated that the presence of HTLV-1-infected cells can induce monocyte differentiation into macrophages, predominantly, inflammatory.
A Phenomenological Study of the Lived Experiences of Mothers and Healthcare Professionals Caring for Preterm Babies in Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Peter Igoche David , Oshagbami Ayomide , Danjuma-Karau Jemimah Kuyet , Ashaolu Joseph 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives: The survival of preterm infants and the mental health of their mothers have attracted global health concerns. The present study explored the lived experiences, challenges, and coping strategies of mothers with preterm infants and those of healthcare professionals attending to the preterm infant-mother dyad in Abuja, Nigeria.
Methods: A qualitative research design using an interpretative phenomenological approach with semistructured interviews was used. Purposively sampled participants (10 mothers, 5 pediatricians, and 5 nurses) were recruited from Limi Children’s Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria, until data saturation was reached. The data were audio recorded and transcribed using TurboScribe.aiâ software. Codes were manually generated, and themes were formed and analyzed using inductive content analysis. This study followed the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research.
Results: Overall, this was an emotionally and physically stressful experience for mothers of preterm infants and healthcare professionals caring for premature babies. Five major themes determining the lived experiences of participants emerged: 1) experience as a spectrum; 2) how we coped; 3) how we supported the mothers; 4) meaning drawn; and 5) suggestions for improvement.
Conclusions: Mothers of preterm infants and attending healthcare professionals face diverse challenging lived experiences that are both physically and psychologically demanding. Apart from extended family and healthcare professionals’ support, religion was found to play a significant role in the coping strategies adopted by these mothers. Healthcare professionals should pay attention to the mental health of mothers of preterm infants and prioritize empathy with effective communication during care for the preterm infant–mother dyad.
Clinicopathological and endoscopic characteristics of pyloric gland adenoma
Authors: Hou Junzhen , Meng Fandong , Yue Bing , Li Peng , Dong Ningning 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological and endoscopic characteristics of patients with pyloric gland adenoma (PGA), as well as their prognosis.
Methods Data of 30 cases from 24 patients, who had been histologically diagnosed as PGA, was retrospectively analyzed.
Results Among the 24 patients, there were 15 females and 9 males, with an average age of 59 years old. Ten cases were located in the stomach, 4 in the duodenal bulb and 16 in the gallbladder. The average maximum diameter was 13.5mm and morphologically the vast majority were type 0-I. The assessment of the background mucosa identified autoimmune gastritis (AIG), Helicobacter Pylori-associated gastritis, familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), ectopic gastric mucosa and chronic cholecystitis.Endoscopic resection was performed on the vast majority of gastric and duodenal cases, while all gallbladder PGAs underwent cholecystectomy. Histologically, 33.3% of PGAs showed high-grade dysplasia. All PGAs expressed MUC6 with co-expression of MUC5AC.
Conclusions: PGAs often arose from the background of AIG, Helicobacter Pylori-associated gastritis, FAP and ectopic/metaplastic gastric mucosal epithelia. It is recommended that PGAs should be completely resected, especially if they are large or show high-grade features due to malignant potential, as endoscopic resection has been proven to be safe and effective for gastric and duodenal PGAs.
Circulating tumor DNA in patients with Uveal Melanoma (UM) may be associated with the tumor recurrence: Co- accordance of pathogenic variants GNAQ, GNAS and IDH1 in recurrent UM
Authors: Azimi Fatemeh , Talebi Saeed , Mirshahi Reza , Khakpoor Golnaz , Naseripour Masood 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular malignancy. Prediction of recurrence risk in UM patients may be done by tumor genotyping for early diagnosis, increasing clinical and pathological accuracy. The purpose of this pilot study is to investigate the importance of pathogenic variants of ctDNA in predicting early diagnosis of recurrent in UM and increasing the globe survival rate of UM by early treatment.
Methods
Variant allelic frequency (VAF) of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) was investigated in three patients with choroidal uveal melanoma using the ion ampliseq cancer hotspot panel v2 and Ion Proton™ sequencing. Serial sampling of ctDNA was done from 12 blood samples in 3 cases (Two recurrent patients + one non-recurrent patient) in 4 time periods.
Results
Variant Call Format (VCF) was analyzed through the Franklin Genoox platform. The variant allele frequency (VAF) of ctDNA was examined at each case in 4 phases. After applying filters, we reached 10 important genes out of 50 genes in the panel. Finally, by comparing ctDNA variants, we found the co-occurrence of GNAQ, GNAS and IDH1 mutations at the time of recurrence. Minimum VAF of co-occurrence these genes were reported 0.51%, 0.25% and 0.1%, respectively. Also, in recurrent cases tumor was located at the posterior fundus, but non-recurrent lesion were located in peripheral part. In patient non-recurrent disease, the pathogenic variants related to UM invasion was negative and the VAF of other important genes was decreased from baseline to the last phase.
Conclusion
Considering the poor prognosis associated with the development of recurrent UM, investigating the level of pathogenic variants in GNAQ, GNAS and IDH1 variants in ctDNA may be useful in predicting UM recurrence and proper management of with adjuvant treatment. It is suggested that further studies are needed to develop the best panel and determine the best cut-off level of VAF for early diagnosis of recurrent UM to confirm the implications of GNAS and IDH1 in UM tumorigenesis.