bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reading tea leaves or tracking true constructs? An assessment of personality-based latent profiles in eating disorders
Authors: Soodla Helo Liis , Soidla Kärol , Akkermann Kirsti 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundEating disorder (ED) subtyping studies have often extracted an undercontrolled, an overcontrolled and a resilient profile based on trait impulsivity and perfectionism. However, the extent to which methodological choices impact the coherence and distinctness of resulting subtypes remains unclear.ObjectiveIn this paper, we aimed to assess the robustness of these findings by extracting personality-based subtypes on a sample of ED patients (N = 221) under different analytic conditions.MethodsWe ran four latent profile analyses (LPA), varying the extent to which we constrained variances and covariances during model parametrization. We then performed a comparative analysis also including state ED symptom measures as indicators. Finally, we used cross-method validation via k-means clustering to further assess the robustness of our profiles.ResultsOur results demonstrated a four-profile model based on variances in impulsivity and perfectionism to fit the data well. Across model solutions, the profiles with the most and least state and trait disturbances were replicated most stably, while more nuanced variations in trait variables resulted in less consistent profiles. Inclusion of ED symptoms as indicator variables increased subtype differentiation and similarity across profiles. Validation cluster analyses aligned most with more restrictive LPA models.ConclusionThese results suggest that ED subtypes track true constructs, since subtypes emerged method-independently. We found analytic methods to constrain the theoretical and practical conclusions that can be drawn. This underscores the importance of objective-driven analytic design and highlights its relevance in applying research findings in clinical practice.
The gut microbiota and post-traumatic major depression disorder: insights from bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization
Authors: Liu Shan , Wang Yu , Zhang Yonghu , Zeng Liang , Ling Lin , Luo Yong , Liu Wenjie 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundExposure to trauma is often associated with an increased incidence of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), yet the mechanisms underlying MDD development post-trauma remain elusive. The microbiota-gut-brain axis has been implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders, suggesting its potential role in post-traumatic MDD (PTMDD) development. Our study aimed to assess the significance of the gut microbiome-brain interaction in PTMDD.MethodsWe conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal relationship between the gut microbiota and both PTMDD and trauma exposure in MDD. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary datasets for PTMDD and trauma exposure in MDD, both derived from the UK Biobank. The PTMDD dataset included 24,090 individuals (13,393 cases and 10,701 controls), while the dataset for trauma exposure in MDD comprised 22,880 participants (13,393 cases and 9,487 controls). Additionally, gut microbiota data from the MiBioGen consortium included 14,306 European individuals across 18 diverse cohorts.ResultsOur research identified a significant negative association between the phylum Verrucomicrobia (odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] =0.799 [0.684–0.933], P=0.005) and the risk of developing PTMDD, suggesting a protective role for Verrucomicrobia against PTMDD. Conversely, our findings indicate no causal effects of the gut microbiota on trauma exposure in MDD. However, reverse analysis revealed that both PTMDD and MDD influence certain bacterial traits, affecting 5 and 9 bacterial traits, respectively. Moreover, Verrucomicrobia (OR [95% CI] = 1.166 [1.051 - 1.294], P=0.004) was found to be positively impacted by trauma exposure in MDD.ConclusionOur findings provide a cause-and-effect relationship between the gut microbiota and PTMDD, contributing to our understanding of the microbiota-gut-brain axis and its role in neuropsychiatric disorder development after trauma. This information provides an opportunity for new treatment and prevention methods which are aimed at the gut-brain interaction.
Policies for expanding family planning coverage: lessons from five successful countries
Authors: Hellwig Franciele , Moreira Laísa Rodrigues , Silveira Mariângela F. , Vieira Carolina Sales , Rios-Quituizaca Paulina Belén , Masabanda Marcela , Serucaca Joel , Rudasingwa Silas , Nyandwi Alypio , Mulu Shegaw , Rashad Hoda , Barros Aluísio J. D. 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundEnhancing the design of family planning interventions is crucial for promoting gender equality and improving maternal and child health outcomes. We identified, critically appraised, and synthesized policies and strategies from five selected countries that successfully increased family planning coverage.MethodsWe conducted a policy analysis through a scoping review and document search, focusing on documents published from 1950 to 2023 that examined or assessed policies aimed at enhancing family planning coverage in Brazil, Ecuador, Egypt, Ethiopia, and Rwanda. A search was conducted through PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science. Government documents and conference proceedings were also critically analyzed. National health surveys were analyzed to estimate time trends in demand for family planning satisfied by modern methods (mDFPS) at the national level and by wealth. Changes in the method mix were also assessed. The findings of the studies were presented in a narrative synthesis.FindingsWe selected 231 studies, in which 196 policies were identified. All countries started to endorse family planning in the 1960s, with the number of identified policies ranging between 21 in Ecuador and 52 in Ethiopia. Most of the policies exclusively targeted women and were related to supplying contraceptives and enhancing the quality of the services. Little focus was found on monitoring and evaluation of the policies implemented.ConclusionAmong the five selected countries, a multitude of actions were happening simultaneously, each with its own vigor and enthusiasm. Our findings highlight that these five countries were successful in increasing family planning coverage by implementing broader multi-sectoral policies and considering the diverse needs of the population, as well as the specific contextual factors at play. Successful policies require a nuanced consideration of how these policies align with each culture’s framework, recognizing that both sociocultural norms and the impact of past public policies shape the current state of family planning.
Leukemia risk assessment of exposure to low-levels of benzene based on the linearized multistage model
Authors: Jin Kexin , Zhu Fukang , Wu Bo , Li Minyan , Wang Xue , Cheng Xiurong , Li Ming , Huang Deyin , Xing Caihong 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesTo assess leukemia risk in occupational populations exposed to low levels of benzene.MethodsLeukemia incidence data from the Chinese Benzene Cohort Study were fitted using the Linearized multistage (LMS) model. Individual benzene exposure levels, urinary S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA) and trans, trans-muconic acid (t, t-MA) were measured among 98 benzene-exposed workers from factories in China. Subjects were categorized into four groups by rounding the quartiles of cumulative benzene concentrations (&lt; 3, 3–5, 5–12, ≥12 mg/m3·year, respectively). The risk of benzene-induced leukemia was assessed using the LMS model, and the results were validated using the EPA model and the Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment model.ResultsThe leukemia risks showed a positive correlation with increasing cumulative concentration in the four exposure groups (excess leukemia risks were 4.34, 4.37, 4.44 and 5.52 × 10−4, respectively; Ptrend &lt; 0.0001) indicated by the LMS model. We also found that the estimated leukemia risk using urinary t, t-MA in the LMS model was more similar to those estimated by airborne benzene compared to S-PMA. The leukemia risk estimated by the LMS model was consistent with both the Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment model at all concentrations and the EPA model at high concentrations (5–12, ≥12 mg/m3·year), while exceeding the EPA model at low concentrations (&lt; 3 and 3–5 mg/m3·year). However, in all four benzene-exposed groups, the leukemia risks estimated by these three models exceeded the lowest acceptable limit for carcinogenic risk set by the EPA at 1 × 10−6.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the utility of the LMS model derived from the Chinese benzene cohort in assessing leukemia risk associated with low-level benzene exposure, and suggests that leukemia risk may occur at cumulative concentrations below 3 mg/m3·year.
Cancer literacy differences of basic knowledge, prevention, early detection, treatment and recovery: a cross-sectional study of urban and rural residents in Northeast China
Authors: Li Mengdan , Ni Ping , Zuo Tingting , Liu Yunyong , Zhu Bo 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundCancer literacy as a potential health intervention tool directly impacted the success of cancer prevention and treatment initiatives. This study aimed to evaluate the cancer literacy in Northeast China, and explore the factors contributing to urban–rural disparities.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted in 14 cities across Liaoning Province, China, from August to October 2021, using the multistage probability proportional to size sampling (PPS) method. The survey comprised 4,325 participants aged 15–69 and encompassed 37 core knowledge-based questions spanning five dimensions. Associations between sociodemographic factors and the cancer literacy rate were evaluated using chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression model.ResultsThe overall cancer literacy rate was 66.9% (95% CI: 65.6–68.2%). In the primary indicators, cancer literacy were highest in treatment (75.8, 95% CI: 74.2–77.4%) and early detection (68.2, 95% CI: 66.8–69.6%), followed by basic knowledge (67.2, 95% CI: 65.8–68.6%), recovery (62.6, 95% CI: 60.7–64.5%) and prevention (59.7, 95% CI: 58.2–61.3%). Regarding secondary indicators, the awareness rates regarding cancer-related risk factors (54.7, 95% CI: 52.8–56.5%) and early diagnosis of cancer (54.6, 95% CI: 52.7–56.6%) were notably inadequate. Rural participates exhibited lower cancer literacy across all dimensions compared to urban. Multi-factor analysis showed that factors such as advanced age, limited education or low household income were barriers to health literacy in rural areas.ConclusionStrengthening awareness concerning prevention and early detection, particularly among key populations, and bridging the urban–rural cancer literacy gap are imperative steps toward achieving the Healthy China 2030 target.
Case Report: Treatment policy for female adolescents in the grip of chronic suicidality
Authors: Van de Koppel M. , Mérelle S. Y. M. , Stikkelbroek Y. A. J. , Van der Heijden P. T. , Spijker J. , Popma A. , Creemers D. H. M. 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionWithin the Dutch clinical field of specialized mental health care for youth, an increasing subgroup of female adolescents with severe chronic suicidal behavior is recognized. This group was also identified in a Dutch psychological autopsy study among 35 relatives of adolescents (aged 10–19 years old) who died by suicide. There seems to be a lack of knowledge and consensus how to treat this severe chronic suicidal behavior, resulting in stagnation of care and growing demoralization among patients, parents, and mental health care providers. The aim of this paper is to describe characteristics of the suicidal process, to identify challenges experienced in providing mental health care for this subgroup, and to formulate preliminary recommendations.MethodA case description from the psychological autopsy study and a review of the relevant literature.ResultsThe persistent suicidal threat and the resulting despair of the patient and their parents are forcing the mental health care provider into an impasse: the primary focus of treatment slowly moves to guarantee the patient's safety, which leaves the treatment of underlying problems underexposed. Due to the chronicity of the suicidal ideation and behavior in a phase in which identity formation and developing cognitive and emotional regulation skills are important developmental tasks, we identify a risk of developing a suicidal identity.DiscussionBased on expert knowledge, we make recommendations on (1) treating suicidality as a transdiagnostic phenomenon with its own meaning and function, (2) implementing treatment considerations promoting the autonomy, (3) aiming at continuity of care and prevention of repeated patient referrals by creating a multidisciplinary network of care providers, and (4) making chronic suicidality tolerable for the care provider.ConclusionWe propose preliminary practical recommendations in our quest for optimal mental health care for chronically suicidal adolescents.
Hope as experienced by people with acquired brain injury in a rehabilitation—or recovery process: a qualitative systematic review and thematic synthesis
Authors: Højgaard Nejst Camilla , Glintborg Chalotte 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundThere has been an increasing interest in the concept of hope within the field of brain injury rehabilitation. Existing reviews have nevertheless focused on stroke, leaving out the broad population of people with acquired brain injury (ABI). Furthermore a majority of the included studies in those reviews excluded the subgroup of people with communication difficulties, thus primarily giving voice to a select group of people with ABI.MethodsA qualitative systematic review was conducted with the purpose of systematically reviewing and thematically synthesise findings about hope as experienced by adults with ABI in a rehabilitation or recovery process. The search strategy included peer-reviewed qualitative studies published after 2000 in English or Scandinavian languages. Searches of EBSCO databases incorporating CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO were conducted together with SocINDEX, Social Work Abstracts, Eric and Web of Science. Ten qualitative studies were included, and the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) was used for assessing the quality and relevance of the ten studies. Qualitative findings were synthesized using Thomas and Harden's methodology.ResultsThrough a thematic synthesis eleven subthemes were identified relating to experiences of hope. These were grouped into four analytical themes: (1) hope a two folded phenomenon; (2) time and temporality; (3) progress, goals and visibility and (4) the alliance; a balancing act requiring good communication skills.ConclusionThis review has shown that even though hope has both a positive and negative side to it, it is necessary as a driving force for people with ABI in terms of supporting them to keep going and not give up. Rehabilitation professionals are advised to embrace the ambiguity of hope, customizing the support of hope to each person with ABI. Attention is needed on how to make progress visible for persons with ABI during their rehabilitation process just as rehabilitation professionals should acknowledge the alliance with the person with ABI as a core component of rehabilitation. This requires a focus on professionals' communication skills if hope promoting relationships between professionals and persons with ABI are to be achieved.
Well-designed manufacturing work improves some cognitive abilities in individuals with cognitive impairments
Authors: Banta Lavenex Pamela , Blandin Marie-Laure , Gaborieau Caroline , Lavenex Pierre 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionEmployment is recognized as a fundamental human right, which correlates with better physical and mental health. Importantly, well-designed work, which considers the physical, social, and psychological impacts of work, can serve to enhance the cognitive abilities of workers. Although often overlooked, work for individuals with disabilities, including cognitive impairments, is equally important for their physical and mental well-being. What has not been established, however, is whether well-designed work can also enhance the cognitive abilities of individuals with cognitive impairments.MethodsUsing a longitudinal study design, we investigated the impact of well-designed work on the cognitive abilities of 60 participants (operators) at the AMIPI Foundation factories, which employ individuals with cognitive impairments to produce electrical cables and harnesses for the automobile industry. The same operators were assessed at three different time points: upon hiring (n = 60), and after working in the factory for 1 year (n = 41, since 19 left the factory) and 2 years (n = 28, since 13 more left the factory). We used five cognitive tests evaluating: (1) finger and manual dexterity, bimanual dexterity, and procedural memory using the Purdue Pegboard; (2) sustained and selective attention using the Symbol Cancellation Task; (3) short- and long-term declarative verbal memory and long-term verbal recognition memory using Rey's Audio-Verbal Learning Test; (4) short- and long-term visual recognition memory using the Continuous Visual Memory Test; and (5) abstract reasoning using Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices.ResultsWe observed improvements in procedural memory, sustained and selective attention, and short- and long-term visual recognition memory after working in the factory for 1 or 2 years. We did not observe improvements in finger or manual dexterity or bimanual dexterity, nor short- or long-term declarative verbal memory or verbal recognition memory, nor abstract reasoning.DiscussionWe conclude that, in addition to improving physical and mental well-being, well-designed manufacturing work can serve as a training intervention improving some types of cognitive functioning in individuals with cognitive impairments.
Manifestações da miocardite em pacientes diagnosticados com dengue: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Loubet Murillo Barbosa , Godoi Mateus Luiz de , Barbosa Carlos Cesar , Luize Léo Morato , Cruz Lucas Carvalho , Scantamburlo Guilherme Pimentel , França Gustavo Muniz , Rodrigues Lucas Messias Caze , Oliveira Italo Yago Cardoso de , Ferreira Tainan Gomes , Lima Natã Vinicius Munhoz de , Rocha Maria Eduarda Guedes 
Published: May 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: A dengue é uma arbovirose causada por um vírus RNA positivo. Nas suas manifestações há registros da ocorrência desde febrículas até desfechos fatais, tais como a febre hemorrágica ou a Síndrome do Choque. Além dessas manifestações, o paciente infectado pelo vírus da dengue pode apresentar acometimento cardíaco, como é o caso da miocardite. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar as manifestações de miocardites em pacientes com dengue e a existência de complicações associadas. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa na base de dados PUBMED utilizando os descritores “MYOCARDITIS AND DENGUE’’ para artigos publicados entre 2020 e 2024. RESULTADOS: Dos 427 pacientes que atenderam os critérios de inclusão de um estudo observacional analítico, foram detectadas alterações cardiovasculares recorrentes da infecção por DENV em 19,7% dos pacientes e 1,9% dos indivíduos apresentaram pericardite. Em outro estudo descritivo com 182 pacientes, 44 deles também tiverem alterações no eletrocardiograma e 27 contaram com as enzimas cardíacas aumentadas, demonstrando a alta prevalência das afecções cardíacas. Todos os 5 pacientes com forma grave de dengue que evoluíram com pericardite foram a óbito. As manifestações cardíacas se explicam pela alta infiltração inflamatória nas células cardíacas e diferentes manifestações são encontradas, a depender do organismo e das comorbidades prévias que ele apresenta. A correlação dos sintomas é de difícil diagnóstico, mas pode ser sugerida a partir do somatório dos resultados do eletrocardiograma e da ecocardiografia à elevação dos biomarcadores enzimáticos. CONCLUSÃO: O acometimento cardíaco em pacientes infectados por dengue está envolvido em maior letalidade. Além disso, pacientes com comorbidades prévias possuem maior risco de acometimento cardíaco. As alterações ocorrem tanto a nível estrutural como no funcionamento elétrico do coração.
Violência financeira/econômica contra a pessoa idosa: protocolo de revisão de escopo
Authors: Costa Eduardo , Lindner Sheila Rubia , Araújo Carolina Abreu Henn de , Boff Vinicius André , Locatelli Tadeu Zomer 
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Mapear na literatura nacional e internacional, sobre o tema central da violência financeira econômica contra a pessoa idosa. Método: O protocolo fundamentou-se nas recomendações metodológicas propostas pelo Joanna Briggs Institute - Manual for Evidence Synthesis e Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist, com a finalidade de responder à pergunta de pesquisa: “Quais são tipos de estudos e resultados que a literatura científica traz sobre violência financeira/econômica contra a pessoa idosa”? Tendo por base o mnemônico PCC (População; Conceito; Contexto), onde “P” refere-se aos idosos; “C” se refere ao fenômeno violência e, “C” refere-se à violência financeira/econômica. As fontes de dados serão as seguintes bases de dados, nacionais e internacionais: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO.org), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE/PubMed), SciVerse Scopus (Scopus), Cummulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Base de Dados em Enfermagem (BDENF), Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD), Embase (Elsevier), Cochrane Library, Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações (CAPES), Google Acadêmico, e, ainda, repositórios, bancos de teses e dissertações e as referências encontradas nos estudos selecionados. Esse protocolo encontra-se registrado no Open Science Framework (OSF), sob o DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/VZ7G9.
Análise da eficiência de bancos por envoltória de dados
Authors: Sanches-António Luzolo Domingos 
Published: May 2024

O principal objectivo do presente estudo é identificar os bancos comerciais angolanos, mais eficientes no ano de 2022, tendo em conta a relação entre os seus inputs e outputs. Neste sentido foi utilizada a técnica de análise por envoltória de dados, com a aplicação do modelo de retornos variáveis a escala, adoptando-se uma orientação a input. Para a selecção das variáveis foi feito recurso ao método I-O Stepwise, considerando-se o limitado número de variáveis estudadas, dois inputs e um output. Os principais resultados foram a obtensão dos scores e dos status de eficiência para cada um dos dez bancos analisados. A modelagem não paramétrica das variáveis, assim como os resultados obtidos, permitiram concluir que do conjunto de bancos comerciais analizados, quatro são eficientes e seis são ineficientes, sendo o BIR o mais indicado para efeitos de benchmarking.