bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-Participation in the Second Wave of the Part Study on Mental Disorder and Its Effects on Risk Estimates
Authors: Bergman Peter , Ahlberg Gunnel , Forsell Yvonne , Lundberg Ingvar 
Published: March 2010

Background: In epidemiological studies, analyses are needed to investigate the consequences of non-response. Aims: To analyse the consequences of attrition in the second wave of the population-based PART study, which was performed three years after the first wave. Methods: Potential determinants for non-participation obtained from population registers and the first wave were analyzed. The relationships between potential determinants and reduced well-being or depressive mood in the first wave questionnaire were investigated separately for participants and non-participants in the second wave. Samples of respondents to the second wave questionnaire with reduced or not reduced well-being were summoned for interview regarding determinants of distress and disorder. The occurrence of potential determinants was compared between participants and non-participants in both groups Results: Low income, low education, non-Nordic origin, not being married and previous psychiatric diagnosis were associated with lower participation rates. These variables were similarly related to depressive mood and low psychological well-being in the first wave among participants and non-participants in the second wave. Potential determinants were not or only weakly related to participation in the interview groups. Conclusion: Although the true prevalence of distress and disorder is underestimated, the true associations between potential determinants and the outcomes seem reasonably well reproduced.
The Transformation of Mental Health Services To a Recovery-Orientated System of Care: Canadian Decision Maker Perspectives
Authors: Piat Myra , Sabetti Judith , Bloom David 
Published: March 2010

Background: Recovery is emerging as a worldwide paradigm in mental health. There is increasing recognition that the transformation of mental health systems to a recovery perspective requires collaboration among all stakeholders. Research to date has focused on the perspectives of service users and providers. The role and influence of organizational decision makers in the transformation process has been less studied. Materials: This study reports findings from semi-structured interviews with decision makers on the implementation of recovery in Canada. Discussion: Decision makers view community-based services as most open to recovery-based approaches, and front-line providers as pivotal in implementing system change. Decision makers described their own role as limited to providing overall orientation and funding. Conclusions: The shift to recovery must include active leadership from decision makers as a catalyst to change.
Behavioural and Emotional Problems in Iranian Children Four Years After Parental Death in an Earthquake
Authors: Kalantari M. , Vostanis P. 
Published: March 2010

Background: Although previous research has established a direct impact of natural disasters on child mental health, there is limited knowledge on the underpinning mechanisms, particularly when there has been the loss of a parent. Aims: To establish: (a) the rates of behavioural and emotional problems of school-aged children who had lost their parents in the 2003 earthquake in Iran, compared with children from intact families who attended the same schools; (b) the relationship between the psychopathology of the surviving parents’ and children’s behavioural and emotional problems; and (c) whether this relationship was compounded by socioeconomic factors. Methods: Eighty six children of 7—13 years who had lost a parent in the earthquake four years earlier were compared with 80 matched children from intact families. The teacher and parent versions of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were used as measures of behavioural and emotional problems. Parents’ psychopathology was established by the Self Report Questionnaire (SRQ). Results: Behavioural and emotional problems were significantly higher in children who had suffered parental loss than in the control group. There was a significant association between parent-rated SDQ and SRQ scores. Parental death was found to interact with socioeconomic variables in predicting children’s behavioural and emotional problems and surviving parents’ mental health problems. Conclusions: After natural disasters, bereaved children and their surviving parents are at risk of developing mental health problems, and social adversities increase this risk.
Smoking Attitudes, Behaviour and Nicotine Dependence Among Mental Health Acute Inpatients: an Exploratory Study
Authors: Ratschen Elena , Britton John , Doody Gillian , Mcneill Ann 
Published: March 2010

Background: In 2008, mental health units in England went smoke-free by law. This study explores inpatients’ experience with a smoke-free policy, their smoking behaviour, dependence, withdrawal and related issues. Material: Semi-structured interviews in a criterion sample of 15 inpatient smokers. Discussion: Patients generally approved of the smoke-free policy, provided they could smoke outside. Most participants had changed their smoking behaviour following admission. Most had little knowledge of nicotine dependence, reported a lack of structured support for smoking cessation, and a general interest in this being made available. Nicotine dependence was reportedly lower in the ward than in the home setting. Conclusions: More structured support is needed to ensure that opportunities for health promotion in a vulnerable population are not being missed.
Scoping indoor airborne fungi in an excellent indoor air quality office building in Hong Kong
Authors: Kwok Wai Mui  , Wai Yee Chan  , Ling Tim Wong  , Pui Shan Hui  
Published: March 2010

This study aims to investigate the differences in indoor airborne fungal exposure between a selective subset of air-conditioned offices within a building classified with excellent indoor air quality (IAQ) in Hong Kong and typical offices in Hong Kong and other countries. Assessments of the indoor and outdoor fungal exposure levels and compositions, and indoor-to-outdoor (I/O) fungi count ratios were conducted in 82 offices of a building with excellent IAQ. The indoor airborne fungi were detected in 97.6% air samples with airborne fungi count (AFC) ranged from 2 to 92 CFU m—3, and with a mean I/O ratio of 0.5. It was reported that the indoor AFC was significantly lower than other typical offices in Hong Kong and other countries. Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Penicillium and yeast were dominant indoors but an outdoor dominant fungi Alternaria was not detected in the offices. This study reveals that better control of thermal conditions and proper maintenance of the air-conditioning system would lower the AFC. In addition, a significantly higher relative abundance (RA) of Aspergillus and lower RA of Cladosporium were also reported. It presents a useful reference for IAQ assessment regarding the quantification of airborne fungal exposure in air-conditioned offices in a building with excellent IAQ. Practical application: An assessment of exposure levels to common indoor airborne fungi, such as Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Penicillium and yeast in Hong Kong air-conditioned offices reveals that an excellent office environment with good thermal and IAQ control would associate with a significantly lower airborne fungi count. A significant different pattern of indoor airborne fungi were observed that a significantly higher relative abundance of Aspergillus and lower relative abundance of Cladosporium were reported.
An analysis of industry capability for the implementation of a software-based compliance approach for the UK Building Regulations 2006
Authors: Raslan R. , Davies M. 
Published: March 2010

In support of the movement towards the integration of modelling in the building design process, a unified software-based methodology for the demonstration of compliance with energy performance standards was introduced in the UK Building and Approved Inspectors (Amendment) Regulations 2006 (England and Wales). This paper reports the conclusions drawn from a longitudinal two-stage industry survey undertaken at key implementation stages of the methodology to gauge industry adaptability in accommodating the new requirements followed by subsequent in-depth interviews with relevant professionals to explore the challenges associated with application and enforcement. Key findings include shortcomings in the technical capabilities of accredited software, the quantification of the effect of their shortcomings on user assessment of the methodology and the lack of clarity and consistency of enforcement. Practical application: This work provides an analysis of the adaptive capability of the UK construction industry in accommodating integrated energy performance modelling as a legislative requirement associated with performance based standards. The analysis of firsthand feedback from practitioners involved in the implementation of the new regulatory requirements provides both an overview of key industry indicators and detailed insights into the practical implementation and enforcement of the methodology, the feedback of which is used to establish future priorities and improvements for future regulatory revisions.
Variability of sprinkler response time index and conduction factor using the plunge test
Authors: Tsui A. , Spearpoint MJ 
Published: March 2010

In order to predict sprinkler activation time, the response time index (RTI) and the conduction factor (C factor) may be required. This paper describes the use of a wind tunnel to determine both quantities for different types of sprinklers and to identify appropriate distributions for RTI values that could be used as part of an activation modelling sensitivity analysis. Sprinklers were tested with their yoke arms perpendicular and the parallel to the airflow, which gave the lowest and highest RTI, respectively. The results were analysed using the ANOVA method and the two-sided t-test. Analysis suggests that a normal distribution can be used to describe the RTI and that mean and standard deviation values for sprinkler activation design calculations are 95 ± 5 and 164 ± 10 (m.s)1/2 for a standard response sprinkler in the perpendicular and parallel orientations, respectively and 45 ± 6 (m.s)1/2 and 103 ± 19 (m.s)1/2 for a fast response sprinkler in the perpendicular and parallel orientations, respectively. Practical application: Sprinkler systems are the primary means of providing fire suppression in buildings. The likely time of operation of a sprinkler to a developing fire is of interest to designers and to calculate this time it is necessary to know the activation characteristics of the sprinkler. These characteristics depend on the type of sprinkler, its installation and the variability of individual sprinklers. This paper presents wind tunnel test results and suggested statistically derived values for the response time index and conduction factor for several types of sprinkler.
Measured and simulated air pressure conditions in Finnish residential buildings
Authors: Kalamees T. , Kurnitski J. , Jokisalo J. , Eskola L. , Jokiranta K. , Vinha J. 
Published: March 2010

Air pressure conditions in typical Finnish residences are analysed using data from field measurements and computer simulations. Field measurements were conducted in three two-storey detached houses and in two five-storey apartment buildings. The effects of air tightness, ventilation performance, air leakage distributions, and outdoor environmental conditions on air pressure conditions in a detached house were simulated with a multi-zone simulation model using the IDA ICE simulation program. Despite of common design assumption, negative air pressure difference indoors, the results show that there is almost always a positive and negative air pressure difference across the building envelope in detached houses and apartment buildings. For detached houses, the design value of the air pressure difference across the building envelope for moisture convection analysis should be at least ±10 Pa. In the most critical cases (airtight building envelope with unbalanced ventilation), the air pressure difference across the building envelope may rise up to ±30 Pa. To control extremely high air pressure differences in airtight houses, balancing ventilation systems are very important. As in new low-energy houses the airtight building envelope and mechanical supply and exhaust ventilation become the standard solution; the interaction between HVAC systems and building envelope should be carefully designed. Practical application: Based on field measurements and computer simulations the design value of air pressure difference across the building envelope is determined for Finnish dwellings. Results underline the importance of balancing of ventilation in airtight house otherwise is not possible to control extremely high air pressure differences. If ventilation system should control the air pressure difference, building envelope should be airtight, because in normal and leaky houses (n50>41/h) the differences in ventilation airflows are too small and they have only a minor influence on the air pressure difference.
A Social Entrepreneurship Bibliography
Authors: Trivedi Chitvan 
Published: March 2010

This bibliography is an attempt to list the most relevant material on the topic of ‘social entrepreneurship’ published within the past two decades. The Academic Search Complete and Web of Science databases were used to conduct a literature search using the keywords ‘social enterprise’, ‘social entrepreneurship’ and ‘social entrepreneur’. The literature search was limited to peer-reviewed journal articles and books published between 1989 and 2009. Since academic interest in social entrepreneurship is a relatively new phenomenon, very little research in this area was conducted before 1989. Two seminal pre-1989 articles were included in this list: Banks (1972), who first coined the term ‘social entrepreneur’ in the context of the sociology of social movements; and Drucker (1979), who first introduced the concept of ‘social enterprise’ while advocating ethical responsibilities of corporations. Only articles and books in which ‘social entrepreneurship’, ’social enterprises’ or ‘social entrepreneurs’ were the main focus and had an important role in either the formulation of an empirical study or the development of a conceptual framework were included in this list. Articles that merely mentioned these terms or in which these concepts did not play a major role were not included. Mention may be made of online resources, such as technical reports, unpublished manuscripts, conference papers and white papers. All but two such articles, Dees (2001) and Alter (2004), were excluded from this list. The artcile by Dees (2001) titled, ‘The meaning of “social entrepreneurship”’, is a significant conceptual contribution to the field and has been cited 211 times since its publication online. Alter’s article (2004) that presents a typology of social enterprises is yet another important theoretical contribution and has been cited 35 times since it was published online. It is hoped that this systematic and thorough listing of relevant work in the area of social entrepreneurship will be of assistance to scholars in a field in which the literature, to date, has been fragmented and disjointed. It will be much appreciated if the unintentional omission of any relevant articles and books is brought to the attention of the author.
Multilineage dysplasia has no impact on biologic, clinicopathologic, and prognostic features of AML with mutated nucleophosmin (NPM1)
Authors: Falini Brunangelo , Macijewski Katja , Weiss Tamara , Bacher Ulrike , Schnittger Susanne , Kern Wolfgang , Kohlmann Alexander , Klein Hans-Ulrich , Vignetti Marco , Piciocchi Alfonso , Fazi Paola , Martelli Maria Paola , Vitale Antonella , Pileri Stefano , Miesner Miriam , Santucci Antonella , Haferlach Claudia , Mandelli Franco , Haferlach Torsten 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
NPM1-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a provisional entity in the 2008 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of myeloid neoplasms. The significance of multilineage dysplasia (MLD) in NPM1-mutated AML is unclear. Thus, in the 2008 WHO classification, NPM1-mutated AML with MLD is classified as AML with myelodysplasia (MD)–related changes (MRCs). We evaluated morphologically 318 NPM1-mutated AML patients and found MLD in 23.3%. Except for a male predominance and a lower fms-related tyrosine kinase 3–internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) incidence in the MLD+ group, no differences were observed in age, sex, cytogenetics, and FLT3-–tyrosine kinase domain between NPM1-mutated AML with and without MLD. NPM1-mutated AML with and without MLD showed overlapping immunophenotype (CD34 negativity) and gene expression profile (CD34 down-regulation, HOX genes up-regulation). Moreover, overall and event-free survival did not differ among NPM1-mutated AML patients independently of whether they were MLD+ or MLD−, the NPM1-mutated/FLT3-ITD negative genotype showing the better prognosis. Lack of MLD impact on survival was confirmed by multivariate analysis that highlighted FLT3-ITD as the only significant prognostic parameter in NPM1-mutated AML. Our findings indicate that NPM1 mutations rather than MLD dictate the distinctive features of NPM1-mutated AML. Thus, irrespective of MLD, NPM1-mutated AML represents one disease entity clearly distinct from AML with MRCs.
Engraftment of human hematopoietic stem cells is more efficient in female NOD/SCID/IL-2Rgc-null recipients
Authors: Notta Faiyaz , Doulatov Sergei , Dick John E. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Repopulation of immunodeficient mice remains the primary method to assay human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Here we report that female NOD/SCID/IL-2Rgc-null mice are far superior in detecting human HSCs (Lin−CD34+CD38−CD90+CD45RA−) compared with male recipients. When multiple HSCs were transplanted, female recipients displayed a trend (1.4-fold) toward higher levels of human chimerism (female vs male: injected femur, 44.4 ± 9.3 vs 32.2 ± 6.2; n = 12 females, n = 24 males; P = .1). Strikingly, this effect was dramatically amplified at limiting cell doses where female recipients had an approximately 11-fold higher chimerism from single HSCs (female vs male: injected femur, 8.1 ± 2.7 vs 0.7 ± 0.7; n = 28 females, n = 20 males; P < .001). Secondary transplantations from primary recipients indicate that females more efficiently support the self-renewal of human HSCs. Therefore, sex-associated factors play a pivotal role in the survival, proliferation, and self-renewal of human HSCs in the xenograft model, and recipient sex must be carefully monitored in the future design of experiments requiring human HSC assays.
MicroRNA and proliferation control in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: functional relationship between miR-221/222 cluster and p27
Authors: Frenquelli Michela , Muzio Marta , Scielzo Cristina , Fazi Claudia , Scarfò Lydia , Rossi Claudia , Ferrari Giuliana , Ghia Paolo , Caligaris-Cappio Federico 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
We investigated functional relationships between microRNA 221/222 (miR-221/222) cluster and p27, a key regulator of cell cycle, in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The enforced expression of miR-221/222 in the CLL cell line MEC1 induced a significant down-regulation of p27 protein and conferred a proliferative advantage to the transduced cells that exhibited faster progression into the S phase of the cell cycle. Accordingly, expression of miR-221/miR-222 and p27 was found to be inversely related in leukemic cells obtained from peripheral blood (PB) of 38 patients with CLL. Interestingly, when miR-221/222 and p27 protein were evaluated in different anatomic compartments (lymph nodes or bone marrow) of the same patients, increased expression of the 2 miRNAs became apparent compared with PB. This finding was paralleled by a low expression of p27. In addition, when CLL cells were induced in vitro to enter cell cycle (eg, with cytosine phosphate guanine oligodeoxynucleotide), a significant increase of miR-221/222 expression and a marked down-regulation of p27 protein were evident. These data indicate that the miR-221/222 cluster modulates the expression of p27 protein in CLL cells and lead to suggest that miR-221/222 and p27 may represent a regulatory loop that helps maintaining CLL cells in a resting condition.
Cyclic stretch enhances the expression of Toll-like Receptor 4 gene in cultured cardiomyocytes via p38 MAP kinase and NF-κB pathway
Authors: Shyu Kou-Gi , Wang Bao-Wei , Lin Chiu-Mei , Chang Hang 
Published: March 2010

Abstract

Background
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays an important role in innate immunity. The role of TLR4 in stretched cardiomyocytes is not known. We sought to investigate whether mechanical stretch could regulate TLR4 expression, as well as the possible molecular mechanisms and signal pathways mediating the expression of TLR4 by cyclic mechanical stretch in cardiomyocytes.

Methods
Neonatal Wistar rat cardiomyocytes grown on a flexible membrane base were stretched by vacuum to 20% of maximum elongation at 60 cycles/min. Western blot, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and promoter activity assay were performed. In vitro monocyte adhesion to stretched myocyte was detected.

Results
Cyclic stretch significantly increased TLR4 protein and mRNA expression after 2 h to 24 h of stretch. Addition of SB203580, TNF-α antibody, and p38α MAP kinase siRNA 30 min before stretch inhibited the induction of TLR4 protein. Cyclic stretch increased, while SB203580 abolished the phosphorylated p38 protein. Gel shifting assay showed significant increase of DNA-protein binding activity of NF-κB after stretch and SB203580 abolished the DNA-protein binding activity induced by cyclic stretch. DNA-binding complexes induced by cyclic stretch could be supershifted by p65 monoclonal antibody. Cyclic stretch increased TLR4 promoter activity while SB203580 and NF-κB siRNA decreased TLR4 promoter activity. Cyclic stretch increased adhesion of monocyte to cardiomyocytes while SB203580, TNF-α antibody, and TLR4 siRNA attenuated the adherence of monocyte. TNF-α and Ang II significantly increased TLR4 protein expression. Addition of losartan, TNF-α antibody, or p38α siRNA 30 min before Ang II and TNF-α stimulation significantly blocked the increase of TLR4 protein by AngII and TNF-α.

Conclusions
Cyclic mechanical stretch enhances TLR4 expression in cultured rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. The stretch-induced TLR4 is mediated through activation of p38 MAP kinase and NF-κB pathways. TLR4 up-regulation by cyclic stretch increases monocyte adherence.