bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative evaluation of thermal impact of 980nm diode laser on soft tissue using irrigation and non-irrigation systems: A histomorphometric study
Authors: Radhika Bharmappa , Shivaswamy Sharath Wodeyar , Walvekar Amit , Dhingra Kunaal , Pattanshetty Rashmi Somashekhar , Shashidara Raju 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:

Background:
Diode laser is one of the most captivating technologies in dental practice. In periodontics, when used at appropriate settings, it possesses the best properties for selective surgical and nonsurgical procedures such as subgingival calculus removal without a thermal change of the root surface, and also provides tissue surface sterilization. However, lasers always produce a certain amount of thermal damage to the soft tissues. Therefore, this study aimed to comparatively evaluate the thermal impact of 980-nm diode laser incisions, when used with irrigation versus nonirrigation systems.

Materials and Methods:
The study was conducted on 24 gingival tissue samples obtained from the goat’s mandible and maxilla. The samples were divided into two groups of 12 samples each, and laser incisions were given in 4 power settings, using 980-nm diode laser in super short pulse mode, with and without saline irrigation. Martius Scarlet Blue staining technique was used to prepare the histological slides. Then, slides were examined under a research microscope (Olympus CX 21), and the pictures of the slides were taken by mounting the camera onto the microscope mobile mount. The microscopic images hence obtained were analyzed for the depth and width of the incisions, area of carbonization, necrosis, and reversible damage, using the Digimizer image analysis software.

Results:
The results of this study demonstrated that the mean incision depth was higher (592.49 ± 180.97, P < 0.05), with less carbonization (25.52 ± 29.21, P = 0.00) and less necrosis (311.63 ± 156.441, P < 0.05) in the laser incisions with irrigation, as compared to the laser incisions given without irrigation system.

Conclusion:
Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that using an irrigation system causes less collateral damage while maintaining the incising efficiency of the diode laser. Further studies with a higher sample size, controlled irrigation systems, and incision techniques are needed to evaluate the efficiency of diode lasers for the clinical explanation of the results.
Evaluation of loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for efficient detection of the periodontopathic bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Sangolli Meenaz N. , Kugaji Manohar S. , Ray Suman Kumar , Bhat Kishore G. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:Background:Periodontitis is a multifactorial, polymicrobial oral inflammatory illness brought on by oral pathogens.Porphyromonasgingivalisis a Gram-negative, obligatory anaerobic, black-pigmented coccobacillus and is regarded as a primary etiological factor in the progression of periodontitis. Rapid, highly senstitive and specific detection methods are emerging. The present study aimed to evaluate the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique for efficiently detectingP.gingivalisfrom subgingival plaque samples of chronic periodontitis patients.Materials and Methods:This study included 50 subgingival plaque samples from patients suffering from chronic periodontitis. The DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) was extracted by the “modified proteinase K” method. A set of six primers, targeting thepepOgene ofP.gingivalis, was used for conducting LAMP. The amplification was visualized by naked-eye detection and agarose electrophoresis. Conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time qantitative PCR (qPCR) were carried out by targeting the 16SrRNA (16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid) gene ofP.gingivalis.Results:The results showed that LAMP detectedP.gingivalisin 40 out of 50 samples (80%). Whereas, qPCR and conventional PCR technique detectedP. gingivalisin 38 (76%) and 33 (66%) samples respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the LAMP method were 94.87% and 90.90%, respectively. With qPCR, the sensitivity and specificity were found to be 92.30% and 81.81%, respectively, whereas, with conventional PCR, it was found to be 76.92% and 72.72%, respectively.Conclusion:LAMP is an efficient technique for quick, accurate, and reliable identification ofP.gingivalisfrom subgingival plaque samples. The technique needs to be validated analytically, and further studies can be conducted by taking saliva and/or gingival crevicular fluid samples from periodontitis patients.
Free gingival graft embossed over laterally flipped periosteum for root coverage: A novel case report
Authors: Ambili R. , Gopakumar Devika , Badarudhin Basim Burhan Kurudamparambil 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:
Innovations in surgical techniques have improved the esthetic outcome and predictability of root coverage procedures in recent years. A free gingival graft (FGG) augments the attached gingiva, but the compromised blood supply precludes its use in root coverage. In the surgical technique described in this case report, the FGG kept over a laterally placed periosteal flap enhanced the outcome. A laterally flipped periosteal flap was adapted over the root surface using resorbable sutures. The free graft was secured at the recipient site with cyanoacrylate adhesive, and adaptation was ensured with suspensory sutures. Satisfactory root coverage was appreciated and maintained at 6 months with excellent functional outcomes. Adequate width of the attached gingiva and vestibular depth were also noticed at the recipient site. The patient was highly satisfied with the obtained results, which were maintained until the 1-year postoperative period.
Ten-year prognostic outcomes of molar survival using the Miller-Mcentire Periodontal Prognostic Index – A longitudinal prospective study
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Dharmarajan , Miller Preston Dallas , Levine Robert A. , Sidharthan Sangamithra , Mahuli Amit Vasant , Saleh Muhammad H. A. , Miller Whitney , Buranawat Borvornwut 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:

Background:
A 10-year survival analysis was performed to assess the predictive validity of the periodontal risk score (formerly known as Miller-McEntire Periodontal Prognostic Index [MMPPI]) to predict long-term survival of periodontally diseased molars in a longitudinally assessed cohort.

Materials and Methods:
The MMPPI scores were computed at baseline by summarizing scores allocated for individual factors. The cohort was treated, followed up, and placed under regular periodontal maintenance. Molar survival data collected up to 10 years of follow-up were analyzed. Cox proportional regression was performed, and hazards ratio (HR) were computed for each prognostic factor and the MMPPI score. To estimate the predictive value of MMPPI, a receiver operating curve (ROC) curve analysis was performed.

Results:
From 1032 molars, 155 molars were extracted over the 10-year follow-up duration. Cox proportional hazard analysis showed significant hazard ratios for tooth loss for the component variables significant HR was noted for age: 4.92 (3.34:7.27), smoking: 1.74 (1.38–2.22), diabetes: 1.66 (1.49–1.86), molar type: 1.39 (1.15–1.67), probing depth: 2.00 (1.63–2.46), furcation: 2.64 (2.30–3.03), mobility: 3.45 (2.98–4.01), and total MMPPI score: 1.98 (1.85–2.12). ROC curve analysis showed an area under the curve value of 0.94 for the MMPPI index as a predictor of molar loss at 8 years, and the Youden index was maximized at the optimal cutoff point score of 7.

Conclusions:
All component scores of MMPPI showed significant hazard ratios at 10 years. These findings support the previous results from the 5-year analysis of this university-based cohort and warrant validation in independent cohorts.
Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of diarrheagenic and uropathogenic Escherichia coli in Odisha, India
Authors: Biswas Subhojeet , Khuntia Hemant K. , Bal Madhusmita , Pati Sanghamitra , Dixit Sujata , Pattanaik Sushree S.S. , Manna Prabir , Routray Sanandan , Beuria Jagan , Ranjit Manoranjan 
Published: June 2024

Objective:
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of pathogenic Escherichia (E.) coli causing diarrhea and urinary tract infection (UTI) in patients admitted for treatment in selected health care facilities in Odisha, an eastern Indian State.

Methods:
A total of 189 rectal swabs from patients with diarrhea and 297 urine samples from patients with UTI were collected from selected health care facilities. E. coli isolates were phenotypically confirmed using MacConkey agar, MacConkey sorbitol agar and blood agar along with biochemical tests. These phenotypically confirmed E. coli isolates were investigated genotypically for known pathogenic E. coli via multiplex PCR. Finally, the pathogenic E. coli was subjected to antibiotic sensitivity test.

Results:
Culture of 189 rectal swabs and 297 urine samples revealed 46 (24.3%) diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) and 36 (12.1%) uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC). PCR analysis of DEC identified 27 (14.3%) enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), 8 (4.2%) enteropathogenic E. coli, 10 (5.3%) enteroaggregative E. coli and 1 (0.5%) Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) in diarrhea patients and 5 (1.7%) ETEC, 7 (2.4%) enteroaggregative E. coli, 11 (3.7%) EHEC O157:H7 and 1 (0.3%) EHEC non-O157:H7 in UTI patients. DEC and UPEC exhibited multidrug resistance with a high rate of resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics. A high frequency of ETEC causing diarrhea, atypical enteropathogenic E. coli harboring the eae gene was found among children with acute diarrhea, and ETEC (est+
) and EHEC O157:H7 were detected in UTI patients along with high antibiotic resistance among DEC and UPEC were important findings.

Conclusions:
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the prevalence of DEC and UPEC in patients admitted to hospital in Odisha, India, revealing a high rate of antimicrobial resistance.
Knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of students about iron supplementation to prevent stunting
Authors: Saputri Rita Mela Kurnia Weno , Achmad Gusti Noorrizka Veronika , Andarsari Mareta Rindang , Yuda Ana 
Published: June 2024

Background: The Indonesian government is trying to achieve the target of one of the indicators of the Sustainable Development Goals, namely stunting. Stunting is a chronic condition that occurs due to risk factors for malnutrition in women of childbearing age who are menstruating. One indicator of malnutrition in women is anaemia.
Objective: Women of childbearing age should routinely use iron supplements to replace blood loss during menstruation to avoid anaemia. Knowledge about stunting and iron should be the basis of positive and negative attitudes that significantly affect individual behaviour.
Method: When collecting data, a cross-sectional questionnaire study was tested for validity and reliability.
Result: Respondents needed more knowledge about stunting than positive behaviour and favourable attitudes towards iron supplementation. Furthermore, there was a correlation between knowledge and attitudes (p < 0.001; r = 0.479), then the relationship between knowledge and behaviour has an important relationship (p = 0.003; r = 0.207), and the relationship between attitudes and behaviour was significant (p < 0.001; r = 0.476).
Conclusion: Education is needed to increase respondents’ knowledge; hence, respondents can have more positive attitudes if they are educated, which will increase compliance.
Branch Break Assessment: An Unexpected Accident with a Professional Arborist
Authors: Scipioni Marcelo Callegari , Delben Guilherme Jurkevicz , Modes Karina Soares 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Arborists are important in both the maintenance of urban trees and research on forest canopies. Tree climbing is hazardous work. This study investigated the causes of a branch-breaking accident involving a certified arborist.

Methods
The branch was 11 cm in diameter. The density and mechanics of the branch wood were studied; the measurable stresses and deformations until the material ruptured were analyzed. The position of the tree climber and the applied forces were calculated, including the shear stresses, the bending moment, and the support reaction suffered at the point of rupture.

Results

The shear stress grew exponentially from
V
= 25.78 MPa; a shifting of the angle of the lanyard by > 45° and moving one meter toward the tip of the branch caused a 64.67% increase in shear stress. The support distance of the arborist’s body on the one anchor point on the branch, combined with the angle of force on the same branch, caused the imminent rupture of the branch’s base. The study provides evidence that the arborists should avoid traveling over small horizontal branches using only one safety point with lanyards.
Effects of Nature-Based Solutions on Mental Well-Being—The Case of Urban Parks in Marivan, Iran
Authors: Rastkhadiv Arman , Hami Ahmad , Pouya Sima 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The importance of urban parks for improving the quality of life of residents is becoming increasingly clear as people interact less and less with nature. Urban parks should be designed to have a profound impact on the mental health and well-being of citizens through the provision of high-quality facilities and services. Nevertheless, there are differences in the influencing factors in urban parks. Nowadays, urban parks as the lungs of cities are considered important destinations for citizens to get rid of stress and mental fatigue. Therefore, it is important to understand what factors contribute to people feeling mentally better and improving their well-being. Based on people’s experiences and opinions, the present study aims to investigate how urban parks as nature-based solutions in Marivan City, Iran, especially the green infrastructure and its elements in Shano and Zaribar Parks, contribute to respondent’s mental health and overall well-being. The necessary data for this study were collected from 277 respondents using a questionnaire. The questionnaire was randomly distributed both in person and online. The questions were categorized based on 3 indicators directly related to mental health and well-being: perceptual, visual, and functional. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling in Smart-PLS software. Results indicate that the perceptual, visual, and functional indicators in Marivan’s urban parks have a significant impact on the mental health and well-being of residents. Among these indicators, the visual indicator has shown the highest level of influence.
Deep-learning-derived planetary boundary layer height from conventional meteorological measurements
Authors: Su Tianning , Zhang Yunyan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The planetary boundary layer (PBL) height (PBLH) is an important parameter for various meteorological and climate studies. This study presents a multi-structure deep neural network (DNN) model, which can estimate PBLH by integrating the morning temperature profiles and surface meteorological observations. The DNN model is developed by leveraging a rich dataset of PBLH derived from long-standing radiosonde records augmented with high-resolution micro-pulse lidar and Doppler lidar observations. We access the performance of the DNN with an ensemble of 10 members, each featuring distinct hidden-layer structures, which collectively yield a robust 27-year PBLH dataset over the southern Great Plains from 1994 to 2020. The influence of various meteorological factors on PBLH is rigorously analyzed through the importance test. Moreover, the DNN model's accuracy is evaluated against radiosonde observations and juxtaposed with conventional remote sensing methodologies, including Doppler lidar, ceilometer, Raman lidar, and micro-pulse lidar. The DNN model exhibits reliable performance across diverse conditions and demonstrates lower biases relative to remote sensing methods. In addition, the DNN model, originally trained over a plain region, demonstrates remarkable adaptability when applied to the heterogeneous terrains and climates encountered during the GoAmazon (Green Ocean Amazon; tropical rainforest) and CACTI (Cloud, Aerosol, and Complex Terrain Interactions; middle-latitude mountain) campaigns. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of deep learning models in estimating PBLH, enhancing our understanding of boundary layer processes with implications for improving the representation of PBL in weather forecasting and climate modeling.
Impact of weather patterns and meteorological factors on PM2.5 and O3 responses to the COVID-19 lockdown in China
Authors: Shen Fuzhen , Hegglin Michaela I. , Yuan Yue 
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Haze events in the North China Plain (NCP) and a decline in ozone levels in Southern Coast China (SC) from 21 January to 9 February 2020 during the COVID-19 lockdown have attracted public curiosity and scholarly attention. Most previous studies focused on the impact of atmospheric chemistry processes associated with anomalous weather elements in these cases, but fewer studies quantified the impact of various weather elements within the context of a specific weather pattern. To identify the weather patterns responsible for inducing this unexpected situation and to further quantify the importance of different meteorological factors during the haze event, two approaches are employed. These approaches implemented the comparisons of observations in 2020 with climatology averaged over the years 2015–2019 with a novel structural SOM (self-organising map) model and with the prediction of the “business as usual” (hereafter referred to as BAU) emission strength by the GBM (gradient-boosting machine) model, respectively. The results reveal that the unexpected PM2.5 pollution and O3 decline from the climatology in NCP and SC could be effectively explained by the presence of a double-centre high-pressure system across China. Moreover, the GBM results provided a quantitative assessment of the importance of each meteorological factor in driving the predictions of PM2.5 and O3 under the specific weather system. These results indicate that temperature played the most crucial role in the haze event in NCP, as well as in the O3 change in SC. This valuable information will ultimately contribute to our ability to predict air pollution under future emission scenarios and changing weather patterns that may be influenced by climate change.
The influences of El Niño–Southern Oscillation on tropospheric ozone in CMIP6 models
Authors: Le Thanh , Kim Seon-Ho , Heo Jae-Yeong , Bae Deg-Hyo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Ozone in the troposphere is a greenhouse gas and a pollutant; hence, additional understanding of the drivers of tropospheric ozone evolution is essential. The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a main climate mode and may contribute to the variations of tropospheric ozone. Nevertheless, there is uncertainty regarding the causal influences of ENSO on tropospheric ozone under a warming environment. Here, we investigated the links between ENSO and tropospheric ozone using Coupled Modeling Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) data over the period 1850–2014. Our results show that ENSO impacts on tropospheric ozone are primarily found over oceans, while the signature of ENSO over continents is largely nonsignificant. Springtime surface ozone is more sensitive to ENSO compared to other seasons. The response of ozone to ENSO may vary depending on specific air pressure levels in the troposphere. These responses are weak in the middle troposphere and are stronger in the upper and lower troposphere. There is high consistency across CMIP6 models in simulating the signature of ENSO on ozone over the lower, middle, and upper troposphere. While the response of tropical tropospheric ozone to ENSO is in agreement with previous works, our results suggest that ENSO impacts on tropospheric ozone over the northern North Pacific, American continent, and the midlatitude regions of the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian oceans might be more significant than previously understood.
Long-term fertilization increases soil but not plant or microbial N in a Chihuahuan Desert grassland
Authors: Mendoza-Martinez Violeta , Collins Scott L. , McLaren Jennie R. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Although the negative consequences of increased nitrogen (N) supply for plant communities and soil chemistry are well known, most studies have focused on mesic grasslands, and the fate of added N in arid and semi-arid ecosystems remains unclear. To study the impacts of long-term increased N deposition on ecosystem N pools, we sampled a 26-year-long fertilization (10 g N m−2 yr−1) experiment in the northern Chihuahuan Desert at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge (SNWR) in New Mexico. To determine the fate of the added N, we measured multiple soil, microbial, and plant N pools in shallow soils at three time points across the 2020 growing season. We found small but significant increases with fertilization in soil-available NO3--N and NH4+-N, yet the soil microbial and plant communities do not appear to be taking advantage of the increased N availability, with no changes in biomass or N content in either community. However, there were increases in total soil N with fertilization, suggesting increases in microbial or plant N earlier in the experiment. Ultimately, the majority of the N added in this multi-decadal experiment was not found in the shallow soil or the microbial or plant community and is likely to have been lost from the ecosystem entirely.
The ABoVE L-band and P-band airborne synthetic aperture radar surveys
Authors: Miller Charles E. , Griffith Peter C. , Hoy Elizabeth , Pinto Naiara S. , Lou Yunling , Hensley Scott , Chapman Bruce D. , Baltzer Jennifer , Bakian-Dogaheh Kazem , Bolton W. Robert , Bourgeau-Chavez Laura , Chen Richard H. , Choe Byung-Hun , Clayton Leah K. , Douglas Thomas A. , French Nancy , Holloway Jean E. , Hong Gang , Huang Lingcao , Iwahana Go , Jenkins Liza , Kimball John S. , Loboda Tatiana , Mack Michelle , Marsh Philip , Michaelides Roger J. , Moghaddam Mahta , Parsekian Andrew , Schaefer Kevin , Siqueira Paul R. , Singh Debjani , Tabatabaeenejad Alireza , Turetsky Merritt , Touzi Ridha , Wig Elizabeth , Wilson Cathy J. , Wilson Paul , Wullschleger Stan D. , Yi Yonghong , Zebker Howard A. , Zhang Yu , Zhao Yuhuan , Goetz Scott J. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Permafrost-affected ecosystems of the Arctic–boreal zone in northwestern North America are undergoing profound transformation due to rapid climate change. NASA's Arctic Boreal Vulnerability Experiment (ABoVE) is investigating characteristics that make these ecosystems vulnerable or resilient to this change. ABoVE employs airborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) as a powerful tool to characterize tundra, taiga, peatlands, and fens. Here, we present an annotated guide to the L-band and P-band airborne SAR data acquired during the 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2022 ABoVE airborne campaigns. We summarize the ∼80 SAR flight lines and how they fit into the ABoVE experimental design (Miller et al., 2023; https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2150). The Supplement provides hyperlinks to extensive maps, tables, and every flight plan as well as individual flight lines. We illustrate the interdisciplinary nature of airborne SAR data with examples of preliminary results from ABoVE studies including boreal forest canopy structure from TomoSAR data over Delta Junction, AK, and the Boreal Ecosystem Research and Monitoring Sites (BERMS) area in northern Saskatchewan and active layer thickness and soil moisture data product validation. This paper is presented as a guide to enable interested readers to fully explore the ABoVE L- and P-band airborne SAR data (https://uavsar.jpl.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/data.pl).