bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing Japanese Nursery School Teachers’ Practical Skills in Pediatric Basic Life Support (PBLS)
Authors: Yamada Keiko , Sumiyoshi Tomoko 
Published: February 2025

Aim
This study aimed to identify factors related to practical Pediatric Basic Life Support (PBLS) skills among nursery school teachers in regional Japanese cities.

Background
Reducing the mortality rate of infants and young children owing to unintentional injuries is a critical issue in every country. Nursery school teachers, caring for preschool children should possess accurate knowledge and confidence in their responses to emergencies. However, their practical skills in this area have yet to be investigated.

Methods
This study was conducted with 608 nursery school teachers from 45 nursery schools in Niigata Prefecture, Japan. Data were collected using the PBLS practical skills questionnaire created by the authors and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-Japanese version (UWESJ17). Multiple regression analysis extracted factors related to PBLS practical skills. Analysis was conducted using SPSS Statistics version 29.0, with the significance level set at less than 5%.

Results
Among participants, 57.8% were in their 40s or older, and 61.8% had over 10 years of nursery school teaching experience. Multiple regression analysis resulted in a model with six predictors, including experience taking a PBLS course, UWESJ17 score, and regular PBLS training at nursery school.

Conclusion
Factors related to the PBLS practical skills of nursery school teachers included personal and facility factors. Employers should establish regular and effective PBLS training programs, mandatory for all nursery school teachers. Injury prevention and response manuals should be distributed to all schools, ensuring consistency and preparedness. This study focused on one region of Japan; therefore, further research in diverse contexts is needed.
Computational Screening of Clinical Drug Libraries for Neurofibromin Inhibition: A Molecular Docking and Dynamics Study for Neurofibromatosis Therapy
Authors: Patel Esha , Nair Ajay , Sharma Sameer , Bhalla Diya , Shyam Keerthana , Dinesh Susha 
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a genetic disorder characterized
by the development of benign tumors due to mutations in the NF1 gene, which encodes
the tumor suppressor neurofibromin. This study aimed to identify novel inhibitors
of neurofibromin through drug repurposing of clinical trial compounds from the Zinc15
database.

Method:
Utilizing advanced in silico techniques, we conducted molecular docking via
PyRx and molecular dynamics simulations with GROMACS. Among the compounds
analyzed, ZINC000261527152 (Tetrodotoxin) emerged as a promising candidate due to
its binding affinity to NF1. Tetrodotoxin formed stable conventional and carbon-hydrogen
bonds with key residues, including GLU 981, GLY 984, GLN 985, SER 1030, SER 1561,
and ASN 1563. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the stability of the Tetrodotoxin-
NF1 complex, with favorable RMSD, RMSF, radius of gyration (Rg), and solvent-
accessible surface area (SASA) values over a 100 ns simulation period.

Result:
These results suggest that Tetrodotoxin could effectively inhibit neurofibromin,
presenting a novel therapeutic approach for neurofibromatosis. However, despite the
promising computational findings, further experimental validation through in vitro and in
vivo studies is essential to confirm the efficacy and safety of Tetrodotoxin as a treatment
for NF1.

Conclusion:
This research underscores the utility of computational drug repurposing
methodologies and their role in accelerating the discovery of novel treatments for genetic
disorders, particularly neurofibromatosis, thereby potentially improving patient outcomes
and quality of life.
Early Detection of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Image Analysis Using Artificial Intelligence and Nano-diagnostics
Authors: Balasamy Sesuraj , Sundramoorthy Ashok K. 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Artificial Intelligence (AI) combined with nanotechnology could detect
oral cancer development in an earlier stage by using various advanced techniques such as biosensors,
Raman scattering, bio-imaging, smartphones, and AI applications.

Objective:
This study aimed to review the latest developments in sophisticated early oral cancer diagnosis
using AI techniques combined with nanotechnologies such as Raman scattering and Oral
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) imaging models.

Methods:
Machine learning includes Gabor filters, Resnet 50 for feature extraction, and nanotechnologies
such as Raman scattering. An AI smartphone-based image module helped to detect oral
cancers such as high-risk OSCC.

Results:
AI systems enhance oral cancer identification. Nano-biosensors and Raman scattering aid
in precise detection. AI models, like CNNs, accurately classify oral lesions. Integrating AI, IoT, and
smartphones enables remote screening in underserved communities.

Discussion:
Artificial intelligence enhances ML and DL accuracy for oral cancer diagnosis. The
hybrid Gabor filter, Resnet 50, and nano-based methods impact treatment.

Conclusion:
Artificial intelligence and nano-based oral cancer detection, using ML and DL, offer
precise diagnosis. These technological advancements enable early detection and improve treatment
outcomes.
Perspective on Tau Hypothesis in Alzheimer’s Disease: Traversing the Therapeutic Potential of Flavonoids
Authors: kumari Dipender , Choudhary Manjusha , Bamrah Prabhjeet Kaur , Malan Aditya , Nitesh  
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
Tau protein is found in abundance in brain. It is responsible for structural stabilization of
neurons. It is a substrate of numerous protein kinases like glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3β),
cyclin dependent protein kinase-5 (CDK5), and protein kinase A (PKA), which impel the deformation
of its structure. In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), tau hyperphosphorylation entails the way to
build-up neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) inside the neurons. Lamentably, there are no such treatments
that can reverse or halter the course of AD. The drugs approved by FDA, donepezil, galantamine,
rivastigmine (cholinesterase inhibitors) and memantine (N-methyl D-aspartate receptors antagonists),
provide only symptomatic relief from AD. An extensive literature survey from several databases like
PubChem, Science Direct, and Web of Science was performed and it was concluded that naturally
derived phytoconstituents can be a reliable alternative for AD treatment. The diverse spectrum of
activity of the naturally occurring flavonoids may make them especially useful for preventing tau
hyperphosphorylation by inhibiting the activity of various protein kinases like glycogen synthase
kinase-3, cyclin-dependent protein kinase-5, and mitogen-activated protein kinases. The present review
aims to identify the mechanisms of action and highlight the therapeutic benefits of different
flavonoids in AD intervention.
Anticancer and Cisplatin Sensitizing Activities against Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma KYSE-150 Cells and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic and Methanolic Ulva sp. Extracts
Authors: Brianna Brianna , Mohamed Naaif , Wu Yuan Seng , Tan Sang Loon , Yow Yoon-Yen , Appalaraju Velaga , Anwar Ayaz , Afzal Shehryar 
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
Green macroalgae have exhibited potent anticancer and antioxidant properties
against oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). While cisplatin is used widely for ESSC
treatment, it has low efficacy and induces chemoresistance.

Methods:
This study aimed to investigate the anticancer and cisplatin chemosensitising potentials of
two polar Ulva sp. extracts in chemoresistant ESCC KYSE-150 cells and their antioxidant activity.
Following phytochemical screening, cell viability, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assays
were performed on Ulva sp. treated KYSE-150 along with chemosensitising effects and in silico
molecular docking of phytochemicals against tumour-related protein targets.

Results:
Screening indicated the presence of glycosides (G-glycoside), tannins, terpenoids, carbohydrates,
lipids, proteins and flavonoids, while absence of alkaloids. Both ethanolic (IC50 = 237.2
μg/ml) and methanolic (IC50=165.6 μg/ml) extracts induced higher cytotoxicity through caspase 3/7
activation of apoptosis. Besides, both extracts demonstrated potent antioxidant properties with methanolic
extract showing better scavenging activity compared to ethanolic extract. In silico molecular
docking revealed the ligands have high binding affinity towards B-cell lymphoma-extra-large with
the predicted binding energies (-5.1 to -11.1 kcal/mol), where β-carotene displayed the highest binding
affinity (-11.1 kcal/mol).

Conclusion:
While both extracts did not enhance the cisplatin-sensitivity of KYSE-150 cells, they
exhibited significant antioxidant properties, signifying their potential as a treatment for ESSC.
A Hybrid Deep-Learning based Security Enhancement Framework for Intrusion Detection in WSNs
Authors: Reddy Nalavala Ramanjaneya , Sudarsanam P , Yathish Nirmala , MJ Pavithra , Kalyani Kapula , Asif Shaik , Reddy Pundru Chandra Shaker 
Published: February 2025

Aims and background:
Cybersecurity issues have grown as technology rapidly extends
the digital landscape. Intrusion-Detection Systems (IDSs) are essential for detecting malicious
network traffic. Hardware or software can power these systems. Traditional IDS approaches generally
fail to protect data privacy and detect complicated, unique intrusions, principally in WSNs.

Objectives and Methods:
A hybrid model for WSN intrusion detection utilizing the Convolutional
Neural Network and Bidirectional Long-Short-Term-Memory (CNN-BiLSTM) model to overcome
these constraints is proposed. Federated-Learning(FL) improves intrusion recognition and privacy
in this approach. The FL-based CNN-BiLSTM model is unusual in that numerous sensor nodes
can train a central model without revealing private data, addressing privacy issues. By carefully
studying local and temporal network links, the CNN-BiLSTM model detects sophisticated and undiscovered
cyber threats using deep learning. The WSN-DS and CIC-IDS2017 datasets were used
to create the model to detect and classify DoS attacks.

Results:
Experimental results showed that the FL-CNN-BiLSTM model outperformed existing
IDS models in detecting complex and unknown assaults. On both datasets, the model had 99.9%
precision and recall, decreasing false positives and negatives. FL and deep-learning (DL) can improve
WSN security and privacy, according to our research.

Conclusion:
The FL-CNN-BiLSTM architecture helps identify complex cyber threats and shows
how deep learning may improve intrusion detection systems while protecting user data.
MicroRNAs in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies
Authors: Antoniou Eleni , Oikonomou Evangelos , Theofilis Panagiotis , Lambadiari Vaia , Kassi Eva , Chasikidis Christos , Zisimos Konstantinos , Andreou Konstantinos , Kalogera Vasiliki , Katsarou Ourania , Foti Elena , Kleopa Eva , Striki Athanasia , Siasos Gerasimos 
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) is
a major contributor to global morbidity and mortality. As diagnostic tools for MASLD remain
limited, microRNAs (miRs) have garnered attention as promising biomarkers due to their roles
in regulating metabolic pathways and reflecting disease states. Method: This systematic review
of clinical studies explores the association between miRNAs and the spectrum of MASLD-related
pathologies, including steatosis, fibrosis, and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). A comprehensive
literature search was conducted using PRISMA guidelines, resulting in 44 peer-reviewed
studies being included. The review identifies several key miRs, such as miR-122, miR-34a, and
miR-193-5p, which are linked to lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and MASLD severity. Results:
Additionally, miR-214 and miR-193-5p are highlighted as potential biomarkers for fibrosis,
while miR-21 and miR-34a are implicated in the progression of HCC. These miRs were found in
various tissues, including serum, liver, visceral adipose tissue, and ascitic fluid, demonstrating
their utility as diagnostic and prognostic tools across the MASLD spectrum. Conclusion: While
miR panels are being developed for clinical assessment, further research is required to confirm
their roles in diagnosis and treatment, as well as their integration into routine clinical practice.
Excavator Cab Layout Optimization Design based on Whale Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Su Nina , Yan Xinyu , Bai Wei , Lv Shuyi , Xin Yunsheng 
Published: February 2025

Background:
During excavator operation, drivers often need to work continuously for a
long period of time, and this work pattern can greatly reduce work efficiency. In addition, drivers
maintain a fixed posture for a long time to operate the excavator, which can cause the phenomenon
of muscle fatigue and joint discomfort, and even cause muscle strains and other injuries.

Objective:
In order to protect the driver's health and work efficiency, the excavator cab is optimized
and designed to reduce the harm to the human body through reasonable improvement for long time
work, so as to improve the work efficiency.

Method:
Inspired by the patent, 16 muscles of human body were selected to conduct muscle fatigue
analysis experiments on 11 operation processes of excavator to obtain the optimisation indexes, followed
by the establishment of biomechanical model of human upper limbs and lower limbs according
to the experimental results, and the construction of optimization model based on the value of the
minimum joint moments, and finally, the optimized layout of excavator cab was re-optimized by
using the whale optimization algorithm.

Results:
After 600 iterations of the algorithm, the total joint torque decreases from 395N*m to
348.2N*m.In the optimised excavator, the driver's total RULA score decreases from 4 to 3 when
performing the right turn, left turn and backward action, while the total RULA score decreases from
5 to 4 when performing the lowering arm, extending arm, shovel unloading and left rotation action.

Conclusion:
The driver is more likely to cause muscle fatigue when controlling the excavator to
perform forward movement and lower arm movement, the optimization of joystick position and
length, pedal position, and seat height using whale algorithm improves the driver's comfort during
operation and reduces the fatigue during operation accordingly. The findings of this study can provide
a reference for related patent research and development.
Prebiotics: Categories, Applications, and Insights on the Potential of Herbal Sources as Prebiotics
Authors: Bhagwat Prateeksha , Soni Hemant , tandon Smriti , Singh Gagandeep , Kumar Lale Sanjeev , Kumar Vijay , Narasimhaji Ch. V. , Mathapati Shiddamallayya , Srikanth Narayanam , Acharya Rabinarayan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
The definition and comprehension of prebiotics have undergone a substantial transformation
over the years, culminating in a consensus in 2016 among an expert panel from the International
Scientist Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP). This revision suggests that prebiotics
are substances that promote the growth of probiotics, thereby benefitting the health of the host.
These substances are no longer restricted to dietary carbohydrates and have expanded to include
bioactive compounds such as polyphenols. The objective of this review is to offer a thorough examination
of carbohydrate-based prebiotics (e.g., FOS, GOS, Inulin), their natural modulation, herbal
interventions, microbial-based substances, and their influence on gut health. Additionally, it will
investigate their association with the Indian traditional medicinal system. A review was conducted
to identify and analyze studies related to prebiotics, including their categories, commercial availability,
and applications. The investigation was expanded to encompass the interactions between the
intestinal microbiome, diet, epigenetics, and the mechanism of action of prebiotics. The relationship
between prebiotics and the Indian traditional medicinal system, emergent dietary inventions, and
microbial products such as synbiotics, postbiotics, and para-probiotics that have demonstrated potential
in gut health management with minimal side effects were all given special attention. The
review emphasizes novel discoveries, including the integration of a variety of dietary interventions
and microbial products into digestive health management, as well as the role of bioactive compounds
(e.g., polyphenols) as potential prebiotics. It also demonstrates the substantial interactions
between the intestinal microbiome, diet, and epigenetics. Additionally, the review emphasizes the
potential synergistic benefits and compatibility of integrating contemporary prebiotic research with
practices from the Ayurvedic medicinal system. The increased understanding of prebiotics, which
extends beyond dietary carbohydrates to encompass a variety of bioactive compounds, creates new
opportunities for research and implementation in the management of integrative gut health. This
review has identified herbal interventions and microbial products as promising frontiers for future
research. The integration of these discoveries into therapeutic interventions and consumer products
has the potential to significantly increase health outcomes with minimal side effects, thereby representing
a significant advancement in the field of gut health research.
Clinical Insights into Protein-based Therapies for Precision Targeting of Psoriasis
Authors: Yadav Krishna , Vijayalakshmi R. , Sahu Kantrol Kumar , . Sucheta , Nagori Kushagra , Singh Deependra , Singh Manju Rawat , Pradhan Madhulika 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
Psoriasis (PsR), a chronic autoimmune disorder, affects millions of individuals globally
and has a substantial impact on their quality of life. This complex condition involves intricate
molecular networks and signaling pathways, making the development of effective treatments
a significant challenge. Moreover, to advance treatment options, precise targeting of cells
through the identification of protein biomarkers in PsR has emerged as a promising field of research
for both fundamental and clinical scientists. These protein components provide valuable
insights into the underlying mechanisms of the disease and can serve as indicators of treatment
response. Furthermore, by identifying specific biocomponents, researchers can develop targeted
therapeutics that address the molecular abnormalities driving PsR. The use of biologics as potential
targets for improving treatment efficacy is a significant focus in PsR research. Biologics,
which include monoclonal antibodies and fusion proteins, specifically target key molecules involved
in the immune response, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukins
(IL). These targeted therapies have demonstrated substantial efficacy in managing PsR by modulating
the immune system and reducing inflammation. Recent advancements in moleculartargeted
therapies utilizing biologics or small-molecule inhibitors have contributed to improving
patient outcomes. This review aims to summarize the recent discoveries and insights regarding
biocomponents and their importance in treating PsR, encompassing both its inflammatory and
dermatological aspects. Furthermore, the review discusses the commercial outcomes of ongoing
clinical trials for various biological-based therapeutic modalities for PsR, providing valuable
insights into the evolving landscape of PsR therapeutics. These developments indicate the growing
interest and investment in improving treatment options for individuals living with PsR.
Ambulatory Uniportal Interlaminar Endoscopic Approach for Symptomatic Adjacent Segment Disease after Lumbar Fusion in Aged Patients
Authors: Coronado Pantoja David Alejandro , Prada Ramírez Nicolas , Muñoz Suárez Diego Roberto , Jaimes Duran Carlos Andrés , Ustate Valera Andrea Yaneth , Ramírez León Jorge Felipe , Rugeles Ortiz Jose Gabriel , Ramirez Martínez Carolina , Alonso Cuéllar Gabriel Oswaldo 
Published: February 2025

Background:
There is no consensus on treating symptomatic adjacent segment disease
(ASD). The best choice depends on several factors. Spinal fusion is associated with complications
that may be more relevant in adult patients. The study aimed to report the feasibility and
clinical results obtained in patients over 60 years of age with ASD treated with a uniportal interlaminar
endoscopic approach.

Materials and Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed patients> 60 years old admitted with
radicular symptoms secondary to ASD history between May 2020 and January 2023 who underwent
endoscopic surgery using a uniportal interlaminar approach. We collected information
on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), including pre-and postoperative visual analog
scale index (VAS), Oswestry ODI criteria, and patient satisfaction score using the MacNab criteria.

Results:
Eight patients, five women and three men, with an average age of 72.8 ± 7.89 years,
were included in the study. The average follow-up time was 23.0 ± 16.7 months. The difference
between the preoperative and postoperative VAS and ODI was statistically significant. Satisfaction
with the procedure was above 80%, and the results were excellent. There were no intraoperative
complications; only one case had to be reoperated with a conventional technique. No patient
had a hospital stay.

Conclusion:
Ambulatory uniportal interlaminar endoscopic surgery is a technique that may become
an alternative for the treatment of symptomatic ASD in patients over 65 years of age.
Comparison of Learning Outcomes Among Medical Students in Thailand to Determine the Right Time to Teach Forensic Medicine: Retrospective Study
Authors: Chudoung Ubon , Saengon Wilaipon , Peonim Vichan , Worasuwannarak Wisarn 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Forensic medicine requires background medical knowledge and the ability to apply it to legal cases. Medical students have different levels of medical knowledge and are therefore likely to perform differently when learning forensic medicine. However, different medical curricula in Thailand deliver forensic medicine courses at different stages of medical study; most curricula deliver these courses in the clinical years, while others offer them in the preclinical years. This raises questions about the differences in learning effectiveness.

Objective
We aimed to compare the learning outcomes of medical students in curricula that either teach forensic medicine at the clinical level or teach it at the preclinical level.

Methods
This was a 5-year retrospective study that compared multiple-choice question (MCQ) scores in a forensic medicine course for fifth- and third-year medical students. The fifth-year students’ program was different from that of the third-year students, but both programs were offered by Mahidol University. The students were taught forensic medicine by the same instructors, used similar content, and were evaluated via examinations of similar difficulty. Of the 1063 medical students included in this study, 782 were fifth-year clinical students, and 281 were third-year preclinical students.

Results
The average scores of the fifth- and third-year medical students were 76.09% (SD 6.75%) and 62.94% (SD 8.33%), respectively. The difference was statistically significant (Kruskal-Wallis test: P<.001). Additionally, the average score of fifth-year medical students was significantly higher than that of third-year students in every academic year (all P values were <.001).

Conclusions
Teaching forensic medicine during the preclinical years may be too early, and preclinical students may not understand the clinical content sufficiently. Attention should be paid to ensuring that students have the adequate clinical background before teaching subjects that require clinical applications, especially in forensic medicine.