bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraprocedural and Long‐Term Incomplete Occlusion of the Left Atrial Appendage Following Placement of the WATCHMAN Device: A Single Center Experience
Authors: BAI RONG , HORTON RODNEY P. , DI BIASE LUIGI , MOHANTY PRASANT , PUMP AGNES , CARDINAL DEB , SCALLON CHANTEL , MOHANTY SANGHAMITRA , SANTANGELI PASQUALE , BRANTES MAURICIO C. , SANCHEZ JAVIER , BURKHARDT J. DAVID , ZAGRODZKY JASON D. , GALLINGHOUSE G. JOSEPH , NATALE ANDREA 
Published: November 2011

Incomplete LAA Occlusion by WATCHMAN Device. Introduction: Transcatheter left atrial appendage (LAA) closure with the WATCHMAN device has become one of the therapeutic options in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients who are at high risk for ischemic stroke. However, the incidence and evolution of incomplete occlusion of the LAA during and after placement of the WATCHMAN device has not been reported.Methods and Results: Fifty‐eight consecutive patients who had undergone WATCHMAN device implant were included in the study. Intraprocedural, 45‐day and 12‐month transesophageal echocardiogram images were reviewed and analyzed. Peridevice gap was noted in 16 (27.6%), 17 (29.3%), and 20 (34.5%) patients across the 3 time points. Intraprocedural gaps are more likely to be persistent until 12 months and become larger in size over time. New gap also occurs during follow‐up even if the LAA was completely sealed at implantation. One patient had an ischemic stroke 4.7 months after implant; another patient developed a left atrial thrombus over the device 21.6 months after implant. Both patients had intraprocedural gap and discontinued warfarin therapy after the 45‐day evaluation.Conclusion: Incomplete LAA occlusion with a gap between the WATCHMAN device surface and the LAA wall is relatively common. Intraprocedural gaps are more likely to become bigger over time and persist, while new gaps also occur during follow‐up. Further studies are warranted to verify whether the presence and persistence of a peridevice gap is associated with increased risk of thromboembolic event in AF patients implanted with a WATCHMAN device. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 23, pp. 455‐461, May 2012)
Collateral Nervous Damages After Cryoballoon Pulmonary Vein Isolation
Authors: GUIOT AURÉLIE , SAVOURÉ ARNAUD , GODIN BÉNÉDICTE , ANSELME FRÉDÉRIC 
Published: November 2011

Collateral Nervous Damages.Introduction: Various types of complications have been reported after atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation using radiofrequency energy, but those have not been well defined when using cryoballoon ablation technique. The objective of this prospective study was to assess types, incidence, and outcome of complications after cryoballoon pulmonary vein isolation (PVI).Methods and Results: This prospective monocentric study included 66 consecutive patients (39 males, age 57 ± 11 years) who underwent cryoballoon PVI for symptomatic paroxysmal AF. Phrenic nerve (PN) integrity was assessed by pacing from the superior vena cava during isolation of the right PVs. Before discharge, all patients were subjected to 24‐hour Holter electrocardiograms, echocardiography, and esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Cardiac MRI was scheduled between 1 and 3 months postprocedure. At 3.7 ± 1.7 months after ablation, patients underwent clinical review and 24‐hour Holter electrocardiograms.The mean number of cryoballoon applications was 10.0 ± 2.1 per patient and 2.5 ± 1.0 per vein. A 28 mm cryoballoon was used in 49 patients (74%) and a 23 mm cryoballoon in the remaining 17 patients (26%). Twelve complications (18%) attributing to collateral nervous damage were noticed in 9 patients: asymptomatic gastroparesis was observed in 6 patients (9%), transient PN palsy (PNP) in 5 (8%), and symptomatic inappropriate sinus tachycardia requiring beta‐blocker treatment in 1 (1%). Neither cryoballoon‐related esophageal ulceration nor PV stenosis was observed.Conclusion: Gastroparesis and PNP could be observed in a significant number of cases after cryoballoon ablation of AF. These complications are likely due to cryo‐induced damages to nervous structures surrounding the heart.
Risk of Mortality for Ventricular Arrhythmia in Ambulatory LVAD Patients
Authors: BRENYO ANDREW , RAO MOHAN , KONERU SUSHMA , HALLINAN WILLIAM , SHAH SAMIT , MASSEY H. T. , CHEN LEWAY , POLONSKY BRONISLAVA , MCNITT SCOTT , HUANG DAVID T. , GOLDENBERG ILAN , AKTAS MEHMET 
Published: November 2011

Risk of Mortality for Ventricular Arrhythmia. Background: There are limited data regarding the incidence and prognostic significance of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) in ambulatory continuous flow left ventricular assist device (LVAD) patients.Methods: Sixty‐one consecutive patients from November 1, 2006 through December 31, 2010 with an LVAD and implantable cardioverter defibrillator that survived to discharge from the LVAD implantation admission were studied. Follow‐up began from date of discharge with both devices in situ and ended with death, transplant, on June 1, 2011. Pre‐LVAD VA history was related to the primary endpoints of post‐LVAD VA, mortality, and the combined endpoint of post‐LVAD VA/mortality.Results: During a mean follow‐up of 622 days 19 patients (31%) experienced VA (14 episodes of VT, 5 episodes of VF). Pre‐LVAD VA was predictive of post‐LVAD VA (hazard ratio [HR] 2.91, P = 0.026) and the combined post‐LVAD VA/mortality endpoint (HR 2.70, P = 0.021) but only displayed a nonsignificant association with mortality (HR 2.30, P = 0.11). In multivariate analysis, pre‐LVAD VA remained a significant predictor of post‐LVAD VA (HR 2.84, P = 0.03) and the combined post‐LVAD VA/mortality endpoint (HR 2.65, P = 0.025). Post‐LVAD VA was the strongest univariate predictor of mortality (HR 13.92, P < 0.001) and remained so after multivariate adjustment (HR 9.69, P = 0.001). Post‐LVAD VA occurred at a mean of 1 year from mortality events with 45% within 1 month.Conclusions: Pre‐LVAD VA is a significant predictor of post‐LVAD VA but not of mortality. VA in the continuous flow LVAD population carries a significant risk of mortality often within the first month. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 23, pp. 515‐520, May 2012)
Simultaneous Existence of Sustained Double Chamber Tachycardias Originating from the Aortic Sinus of Valsalva
Authors: MOTOKI KOICHIRO , KURITA TAKASHI , YASUOKA RYOBUN , MIYAZAKI SHUNICHI 
Published: November 2011

Double Chamber Tachycardias Originating from the Aortic Sinus of Valsalva.Monomorphic ventricular tachycardia is basically a benign phenomenon in patients without structural heart disease. The focal source of the tachycardia is usually located in the right ventricular outflow tract and more rarely in the left ventricular outflow tract. Aortic sinus of Valsalva (ASV) is a well‐known source of atrial and ventricular tachycardias. We report a case with simultaneous existence of sustained atrial and ventricular tachycardias originating from ASV, which was successfully treated with radiofrequency catheter ablation.
Interventricular Septal Mass in a Patient with Cardiac Sarcoidosis
Authors: UCHIDA MIO , SHINOHARA TETSUJI , TAKAHASHI NAOHIKO , SAIKAWA TETSUNORI 
Published: November 2011

Myocardial Mass in Sarcoidosis.Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease that may involve multiple organ systems. The prognosis of sarcoidosis is influenced by the presence and severity of cardiac lesions. Thinning of the wall in the ventricular septum has often been reported, whereas an interventricular septal mass is rare. We describe a case of cardiac sarcoidosis resulting in a myocardial mass in the basal portion of the interventricular septum that was sensitive to corticosteroid treatment.
Work, Cultural Resources, and Community Commodities in the Global Economy
Authors: Colloredo‐Mansfeld Rudi 
Published: November 2011

AbstractIn order to defend work and livelihoods, many communities claim special cultural value for their trades, products, or crops. In this special issue, we examine what makes a trade or a particular commodity a cultural asset, drawing on the details of four distinct cases: Russian salmon, Peruvian ceramics, Indonesian textiles, and Bolivian quinoa. Our analysis focuses on two crucial features: (1) a product's embeddedness in subsistence routines, ritual, and local hierarchies of status, and (2) a good's encloseability, or the features of place, community connectivity, or economic training that allows a group to monopolize a product or service. We frame our analysis as a “commons” problem for the way that it entails balancing private enterprises with shared responsibility for stewardship of a trade. Furthermore, a commons perspective helps assess the specific vulnerabilities of cultural assets and the way they can be simultaneously underused and overused. A key contribution of this set of papers is to show how shared cultural resources emerge in the midst of market activities and are not merely legacies of premarket relations and subsistence economies.
Where Commons Meet Commerce: Circulation and Sequestration Strategies in Indonesian Arts Economies
Authors: Aragon Lorraine V. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractProduction commons require social maintenance or stewardship. Stewardship practices, meaning patterns of valuing and caring for cultural resources, often restrict or foster access to knowledge within or beyond a self‐defined group. I term these two protective but seemingly oppositional strategies as “sequestration” and “circulation,” respectively. How can we account for individual and group differences in the willingness to share knowledge and techniques for producing cultural expressions? To answer this question, I employ ethnographic narratives, mainly drawn from producers of Indonesian textiles (with comparisons to carvers, musicians, dramatists, and dancers), to construct typologies of informal stewardship rationales and techniques. Examples of circulation and sequestration strategies provide contextual data about what sways artisans' cooperative or competitive behaviors in “split economies.” This term refers to industries where expressive cultural productions serve both internal, embedded social purposes, contributing local cultural value mainly through delayed economic reciprocity, and external commodity markets. Untangling the economic, sociological, and identity boundary aspects of “value” helps clarify conundrums about when producers want to circulate versus sequester information. Sequestration strategies often protect inherited privileges or commercial market share of technically vulnerable industries. Yet, the classificatory divide between community and market economy realms is shown to be subject to considerable slippage.
Competitive Tradition: Intellectual Property and New Millennial Craft
Authors: Chan Anita Say 
Published: November 2011

AbstractIn 2006, Peru's government awarded an intellectual property (IP) title known as a denomination of origin to the traditional ceramics made by artisans in the northern town of Chulucanas. The move was celebrated by the state as a culturally sensitive strategy for regional development that promised to preserve cultural tradition and heritage and to provide a model for future economic development strategies among other native populations across the country. This study explores the means by which rural and native communities – once framed as economically marginal actors and potential liabilities for the nation‐state – are selectively transformed into new agents of cultural innovation under contemporary IP‐based development plans. Based on interviews with participants and planners of Chulucanas' IP‐based development initiative, this research highlights how local accounts question the state's claims to use IP to pursue a national “export culture” and promote rural producers' global “competitivity” while simultaneously protecting local, collectively held production techniques.
Repeated Cerebral Ischemia Caused by Extracranial Carotid Artery Dolichoectasia
Authors: Sadahiro Hirokazu , Ishihara Hideyuki , Goto Hisaharu , Oka Humiaki , Shirao Satoshi , Yoneda Hiroshi , Suzuki Michiyasu 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTWe report the case of a 67‐year‐old man with repeating cerebral embolism caused by a dolichoectatic right common carotid artery. The patient had a history of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, cigarette smoking, and a postoperative abdominal aortic aneurysm. He presented with a sudden onset of weakness of the left arm and leg. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed old and fresh infarction in the right cerebral hemisphere. Carotid duplex ultrasonography showed a dolichoectatic right common carotid artery with a maximum diameter of 39 mm with thick plaque and strong spontaneous echo contrast. The flow velocity was considerably reduced, which caused thrombus formation, and strong antithrombotic therapy was required. This case provides a rare example of ischemic stroke caused by extracranial carotid artery dolichoectasia.
Intracranial Angioplasty and Stenting Through Direct Carotid Puncture
Authors: Samaniego Edgar A. , Dabus Guilherme , Raju Roman , Tsoukas Athanassious I. , Linfante Italo 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSETo describe a case of successful intracranial angioplasty and stenting of a symptomatic middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis using a transcervical approach.METHODSA 73‐year‐old woman presented with several ischemic strokes in the left MCA distribution. A diagnostic cerebral angiogram demonstrated more than 80% stenosis of her left MCA. Because the patient failed maximal medical therapy, it was decided to perform angioplasty and stenting. Given the patient's tortuous arch and rigid vessels, access was obtained through a transcutaneous puncture with direct visualization of the surgically exposed common carotid artery (CCA).RESULTSThe patient tolerated well the procedure and after successful stenting her symptoms resolved.CONCLUSIONAccess of the intracranial circulation through direct CCA puncture may be a feasible alternative when the transfemoral access is not possible. The transcervical approach may be safe even with the use of antiplatelet medications and anticoagulation.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Tractography of the Corticospinal Tract in the Presence of Enlarged Virchow–Robin Spaces
Authors: Young Robert J. , Lee Valerie , Peck Kyung K. , Sierra Tania , Zhang Zhigang , Jacks Lindsay M. , Holodny Andrei I. 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEWe report a patient with abnormal diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and tractography of the corticospinal tract caused by mass effect from adjacent enlarged Virchow–Robin spaces.METHODSDTI was performed using 25 noncollinear directions. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) maps were generated. Region‐of‐interest measurements of the corticospinal tracts were organized in histograms, and comparisons were made between sides. Statistical analysis consisted of a Wilcoxon rank‐sum nonparametric test and a two‐sample test of proportions to compare the relative percentage of voxels >.8.RESULTSThe patient had no signs or symptoms of motor weakness. The corticospinal tract adjacent to the enlarged Virchow–Robin spaces showed significant changes in the proportion of FA > .8, distribution of FA and distribution of MD (P < .001).CONCLUSIONSDiffusion tensor changes may be caused by enlarged Virchow–Robin spaces in the absence of clinical signs or symptoms. We hypothesize that the DTI changes are due to alterations in the extravascular extracellular space. Tensor changes should be interpreted with caution in patients with space occupying mass lesions such as brain tumors.
Optimal Imaging of In Vitro Clot Sonothrombolysis by MR‐Guided Focused Ultrasound
Authors: Durst Christopher , Monteith Stephen , Sheehan Jason , Moldovan Krisztina , Snell John , Eames Matt , Huerta Thomas , Walker William , Viola Francesco , Kassell Neal , Wintermark Max 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEAs magnetic resonance‐guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) sonothrombolysis relies on mechanical rather than thermal mechanisms to achieve clot lysis, thermometry is not useful for the intraoperative monitoring of clot breakdown by MRgFUS. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the optimum imaging sequence for sonothrombolysis.METHODSIn vitro blood drawn from 6 healthy volunteers was imaged using T1, T2 spin‐echo, and T2 gradient‐echo (GRE) sequences both before and after sonication using an Insightec ExAblate 4000 FUS transducer. Signal intensities of the three MR imaging sequences were measured and normalized to background signal for each time point. Representative samples of the pre‐ and postsonication clot were also sent to pathology for hematologic analysis.RESULTSAfter sonication, the clot in the treatment tube was fully lysed as evidenced by physical and hematologic evaluation. The difference between pre‐ and postsonicated normalized signal intensity ratios demonstrated statistical significance only on T2 and GRE sequences (P < .001). However, significant blooming artifact limited interpretation on all GRE images.CONCLUSIONT2 is the most appropriate sequence for the evaluation of mechanical MRgFUS sonothrombolysis of an in vitro clot. These findings are consistent across the oxidative states of clot up to 48 hours.
Comparative investigation of the effects of different materials used with a titanium barrier on new bone formation
Authors: Ezirganli Şeref , Polat Serkan , Barış Emre , Tatar İlkan , Çelik Hakan Hamdi 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectivesIn this study, we aimed to study the effects on new bone formation of autogenous blood, deproteinized bovine bone graft (DBBG), and biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) bioceramic graft materials placed under titanium barriers.Material and methodsTwenty‐four adult male New Zealand white rabbits were used in this study. Two titanium barriers were fixed on each rabbit's calvarium. The study included four groups, one of which was a control group. The experiment groups, autogenous blood,DBBG(Bio‐Oss®;GeistlichBiomaterials,Wolhusen,Switzerland) andBCP(4BoneTM;Biomatlante,Vigneux deBretagne,France) were placed under titanium barriers; in the control group, no materials were used. Half of the animals were sacrificed after 1 month, and the rest were sacrificed after 3 months. After this, micro‐computerized tomography images were taken, and a histomorphometric evaluation was carried out.ResultsThe amounts of new bone formation were found to be higher at the third month than at the first month. The differences between the groups were examined with both a micro‐computerized tomography and histomorphometric analysis, and no statistical significance was noted in the first month. In contrast, the increase in the amount of new bone formation at the third month was found to be statistically significant only between theDBBGand control groups (P < 0.05).ConclusionAutogenous blood with titanium barriers in guided bone regeneration seems to be as successful asDBBGandBCPbioceramic graft material.
Histomorphometrical and molecular evaluation of endosseous dental implants sites in humans: correlation with clinical and radiographic aspects
Authors: Pereira Andrea Castro , Souza Pedro Paulo Chaves , Souza João Antonio Chaves , Silva Tarcília Aparecida , Batista Aline Carvalho , Ribeiro‐Rotta Rejane Faria 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the correlations between clinical–radiographical aspects and histomorphometric–molecular parameters of endosseous dental implant sites in humans.Material and methodsThe study sample consisted of bone implant sites from the jawbones of 32 volunteers, which were classified according to two different systems: (1) based only on periapical and panoramic images (PP); (2) as proposed by Lekholm & Zarb (L&Z). Bone biopsies were removed using trephine during the first drilling for implant placement. Samples were stained with haematoxylin–eosin (HE), and histomorphometric analysis was performed to obtain the following parameters: trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular number, bone volume density (BV/TV), bone specific surface (BS/BV), bone surface density and trabecular separation (Tb.Sp). In addition, immunohistochemistry analysis was performed on bone tissue samples for the proteins, Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa‐B (RANK), RANK ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and Osteocalcin (OC). Also, the determination of the relative levels of gene expression was performed using Reverse transcription‐real‐time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT‐PCR).ResultsPP and L&Z classification systems revealed a moderate correlation with BV/TV, BS/BV, Tb.Th and Tb.Sp. L&Z's system identified differences among bone types when BV/TV, BS/BV, Tb.Th and Tb.Sp were compared. A weak correlation between PP/L&Z classifications and the expression of bone metabolism regulators (RANK, RANKL, OPG e OC) was found. The analysis of mRNA expression showed no difference between the bone types evaluated.ConclusionsOur results suggest that PP and L&Z subjective bone‐type classification systems are related to histomorphometric aspects. These data may contribute to the validation of these classifications. Bone remodelling regulatory molecules do not seem to influence morphological aspects of the jawbone .
Experimental evidence for interfacial biochemical bonding in osseointegrated titanium implants
Authors: Sul Young‐Taeg , Kwon David H. , Kang Byung‐Soo , Oh Se‐Jung , Johansson Carina 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectives(i) To identify and quantify an interfacial biochemical bond and the bonding strength of osseointegrated implants with bioactive titanium oxide chemistry,ATiOxB(A, metal cations;TiOx, titanium oxides/hydroxides; B, non‐metal anions) and (ii) to provide quantitative evidence for the biochemical bond theory of osseointegration proposed by Sul et al. for description and explanation of why and how the implants withATiOxBsurface oxide chemistry may exhibit a significantly stronger bone response, in spite of the fact that the roughness values approached zero, or were equivalent to or significantly lower than those of the control implants.Materials and methodsWe applied a newly developed biochemical bond measurement (BBM) method to model implant surfaces that were “perfectly” smooth nanotopography near‐zero roughness as the constant parameter, and used the bioactive surface chemistry of titanium oxide,ATiOxBchemistry as a variable parameter in rabbit tibiae for 10 weeks. In this manner, we determined an interfacial biochemical bond and quantified its bonding strength.ResultsThe increase in biochemical bond strengths of the test implant relative to the control implant was determined to be 0.018 (±0.008) MPa (0.031 vs 0.021 MPa,n = 10) for tensile strength and 8.9 (±6.1) Ncm (33.0 vs 24.1 Ncm,n = 10) for removal torque. Tensile and removal torque show strong correlation in the Pearson test (r = 0.901,P ≤ 0.001). In addition, histomorphometric measurements including bone‐to‐metal‐contact (BMC,P = 0.007), bone area and newly formed bone showed significant increases in the mean values forATiOxBchemistry (P = 0.007,n = 10). Biochemical bond theory states that the surface oxide chemistry,ATiOxBmust have more electrical and chemical molecular polarity that fractionally charges the surfaces denoted as δ+and δ−and leads to electrostatic and electrodynamic interactions with the bone healing cascade, eventually leading to the formation of biochemical bonding at the bone/implant interface.ConclusionsThe present study has provided quantitative evidence for biochemical bond theory of osseointegration of implants with bioactive surface oxide chemistry,ATiOxB. The theory of biochemical bonds may provide a scientific rationale pertinent to recent emerging trends and technologies for surface chemistry modifications of implants.