bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal distribution and habitat use of commercial demersal species in the eastern Mediterranean Sea
Authors: KATSANEVAKIS STELIOS , MARAVELIAS CHRISTOS D. , DAMALAS DIMITRIOS , KARAGEORGIS ARISTOMENIS P. , TSITSIKA EFTHYMIA V. , ANAGNOSTOU CHRISTOS , PAPACONSTANTINOU COSTAS 
Published: October 2009

AbstractGeneralized additive models (GAMs) were applied to investigate the influence of spatial (subarea), temporal (season) and environmental variables (substrate characteristics, depth, temperature and salinity) on the relative abundance of 27 demersal species of commercial importance in the Aegean Sea. Twelve species exhibited decreasing population density with increasing depth, whereas the abundance of the remaining species peaked at intermediate depths. Most of the species were mainly distributed on the continental shelf and upper continental slope. The dry weight percentage of sand in the sediment was included as an important predictor in the best models of all species with a lifecycle closely related to the substrate (flatfish, skates, gurnards, mullets, anglers, scorpionfish) and in most benthopelagic species (seven of 12). The weight percentage of carbonates in the sediment was also included in the best models of most species (19 of 27). Seasonal patterns in the relative abundance of species were observed, related in most cases to the seasonal differentiation of temperature and salinity gradients. During the period of water stratification (summer and autumn) the influence of temperature or salinity on fish abundance was always greater than during the period of vertical mixing (winter). The present results are discussed in the light of fostering the current perception as to factors influencing the spatiotemporal distribution of fish, which is a prerequisite for the sustainable exploitation of commercial stocks.
Distribution patterns of ichthyoplankton communities in different ecosystems of the Northeast Atlantic
Authors: DRANSFELD LEONIE , DWANE OONAGH , ZUUR ALAIN F. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractResults are presented of an extensive ichthyoplankton survey that covered the continental slope, the offshore banks and oceanic regions west of Ireland. Oceanographic measurements revealed domes of cold, less saline water over the Porcupine, Rockall and Faroese Banks, constituting Taylor columns. The most species‐rich stations were those found on and close to the offshore banks and the shelf edge. Larvae found in these areas were mainly from demersal fish species, including some commercial species such as haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus, lemon sole Microstomus kitt (Walbaum, 1792), ling Molva molva (L.) and witch Glyptocephalus cynoglossus (L.). The deep water stations of the Rockall Trough and the north and west stations off the Rockall and Hatton Banks were characterized by a low number of species and high numbers of individuals of mesopelagic species such as Maurolicus muelleri and Benthosema glaciale. Results from multivariate statistical analysis confirmed that species compositions varied significantly at different sites and were related to environmental conditions, whereby sites of similar temperature, salinity and bottom depth harboured similar species assemblages. Generalized additive mixed modelling was used to model the relationship between species richness and environmental variables and confirmed that there was a significant negative relationship between species richness and bottom depth indicating that the offshore banks and the slope stations present favourable habitats for a large number of species.
Spawning of North Sea fishes linked to hydrographic features
Authors: MUNK PETER , FOX CLIVE J. , BOLLE LOES J. , Van DAMME CINDY J. G. , FOSSUM PETTER , KRAUS GERD 
Published: October 2009

AbstractSpawning of fishes takes place across a wide area of the North Sea. However, more intense spawning is seen in restricted areas, indicating that such areas present favorable conditions. To update information on fish spawning in the North Sea and analyze potential linkages to hydrographic characteristics, an internationally coordinated survey was conducted in the winter/spring of 2004. Oblique hauls for fish eggs and larvae and vertical profiles of temperature and salinity were carried out at 393 stations across the entire North Sea. The hydrography was strongly influenced by the interfacing of water masses of different salinity, and frontal zones were seen along all coastal areas and off the Dogger and Fisher Banks. Total abundances of eggs and larvae, including fish species such as cod, haddock, plaice, long rough dab and sandeel, peaked in the vicinity of the frontal areas. Hence our findings indicate that the main spawning locations of fish are linked to recurrent hydrographic features such as salinity fronts. Such a linkage may provide survival advantages, as the fronts present favorable feeding conditions, and the related physical processes may confine egg and larval dispersal and transport them towards suitable nursery habitats.
Yield, nutritive value and silage fermentation of kura clover‐reed canarygrass and lucerne herbages in northern USA
Authors: Contreras‐Govea F. E. , Muck R. E. , Albrecht K. A. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractExcellent winter hardiness, persistence and nutritive value of both kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb.) and reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) suggest that intercropping these species could substitute for lucerne (Medicago sativa L.). The dry matter (DM) yield and nutritive value of herbage, and silage characteristics of kura clover‐reed canarygrass (KC‐RCG) herbage, were compared to those of lucerne over two growth cycles near Arlington, WI, USA. First and second growths of lucerne and KC‐RCG herbage were sampled four times at 1‐week intervals and ensiled for 100 d. Yield of DM of the KC‐RCG was 0·23–0·57 greater than that of lucerne on sampling dates in the first growth cycle, with no differences in DM yield in the second growth cycle. The pH of lucerne silage was lower than that of KC‐RCG silage in the first growth, and the opposite occurred in second growth, which was attributed to maturity differences and the proportion of kura clover in the mixture. Lactate concentration was lower in KC‐RCG than lucerne silages in both growth cycles. The lucerne and KC‐RCG silages had similar in vitro DM digestibility except for the final sampling date in the first growth cycle when neutral‐detergent fibre concentration of KC‐RCG herbage exceeded 550 g kg−1 DM. Crude protein concentration was greater in lucerne silage than in KC‐RCG silage in both growth cycles. Overall, differences in nutritive value and silage fermentation between the two herbages were minimal across growth cycles. These results suggest that a KC‐RCG sward is a viable alternative to lucerne in northern environments of the USA where lucerne production may be limited by winter injury or edaphic factors.
Dual channel heterodyne microscope
Authors: PROTOPOPOV V. 
Published: October 2009

SummaryHeterodyne measurement of the amplitude and phase of a cross‐polarized two‐frequency laser beam reflected from a patterned surface enables simultaneous imaging in both the amplitude and phase‐contrast modes. Such imaging duality provides additional information for inspection. Besides, spatial resolution in the phase‐contrast mode of operation is not limited by the width of the focused beam and, therefore, may be better than that of traditional imaging techniques. This phenomenon, commonly referred to as super‐resolution, was experimentally observed.
The β‐lactam‐sensitive d,d‐carboxypeptidase activity of Pbp4 controls the l,d and d,d transpeptidation pathways in Corynebacterium jeikeium
Authors: Lavollay Marie , Arthur Michel , Fourgeaud Martine , Dubost Lionel , Marie Arul , Riegel Philippe , Gutmann Laurent , Mainardi Jean‐Luc 
Published: October 2009

Summary Corynebacterium jeikeium is an emerging nosocomial pathogen responsible for vascular catheters infections, prosthetic endocarditis and septicemia. The treatment of C. jeikeium infections is complicated by the multiresistance of clinical isolates to antibiotics, in particular to β‐lactams, the most broadly used class of antibiotics. To gain insight into the mechanism of β‐lactam resistance, we have determined the structure of the peptidoglycan and shown that C. jeikeium has the dual capacity to catalyse formation of cross‐links generated by transpeptidases of the d,d and l,d specificities. Two ampicillin‐insensitive cross‐linking enzymes were identified, LdtCjk1, a member of the active site cysteine l,d‐transpeptidase family, and Pbp2c, a low‐affinity class B penicillin‐binding protein (PBP). In the absence of β‐lactam, the PBPs and the l,d‐transpeptidase contributed to the formation of 62% and 38% of the cross‐links respectively. Although LdtCjk1 and Pbp2C were not inhibited by ampicillin, the participation of the l,d‐transpeptidase to peptidoglycan cross‐linking decreased in the presence of the drug. The specificity of LdtCjk1 for acyl donors containing a tetrapeptide stem accounts for this effect of ampicillin since the essential substrate of LdtCjk1 was produced by an ampicillin‐sensitive d,d‐carboxypeptidase (Pbp4Cjk). Acquisition and mutational alterations of pbp2C accounted for high‐level β‐lactam resistance in C. jeikeium.
Shifting priorities in vector biology to improve control of vector‐borne disease
Authors: Lambrechts Louis , Knox Tessa B. , Wong Jacklyn , Liebman Kelly A. , Albright Rebecca G. , Stoddard Steven T. 
Published: October 2009

SummaryVector control remains the primary measure available to prevent pathogen transmission for the most devastating vector‐borne diseases (VBDs): malaria, dengue, trypanosomiasis, filariasis, leishmaniasis, and Chagas disease. Current control strategies, however, are proving insufficient and the remarkable advances in the molecular biology of disease vectors over the last two decades have yet to result in tangible tools that effectively reduce VBD incidence. Here we argue that vector biologists must fundamentally shift their approach to VBD research. We propose an agenda highlighting the most critical avenues to improve the effectiveness of vector control. Research priorities must be diversified to support simultaneous development of multiple, alternative control strategies. Knowledge across relevant diseases and disciplines should be better integrated and disease prevention efforts extended beyond the academic sector to involve private industry, ministries of health, and local communities. To obtain information of more immediate significance to public health, the research focus must shift from laboratory models to natural pathogen‐transmission systems. Identification and characterization of heterogeneities inherent to VBD systems should be prioritised to allow development of local, adaptive control strategies that efficiently make use of limited resources. Importantly, increased involvement of disease‐endemic country (DEC) scientists, institutes, and communities will be key to enhance and sustain the fight against VBD.
Selecting an optimal cutoff value for creatinine in the model for end‐stage liver disease equation
Authors: Huo Teh‐Ia , Hsu Chia‐Yang , Lin Han‐Chieh , Lee Pui‐Ching , Lee Jing‐Yi , Lee Fa‐Yauh , Hou Ming‐Chih , Lee Shou‐Dong 
Published: October 2009

Huo T‐I, Hsu C‐Y, Lin H‐C, Lee P‐C, Lee J‐Y, Lee F‐Y, Hou M‐C, Lee S‐D. Selecting an optimal cutoff value for creatinine in the model for end‐stage liver disease equation. Clin Transplant 2009 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399‐0012.2009.01099.x. © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Background:  The model for end‐stage liver disease (MELD) is used for organ allocation in liver transplantation. The maximal serum creatinine (Cr) level for MELD is set at 4.0 mg/dL; however, there was no outcome data to justify this strategy.Methods:  Ninety‐two patients with cirrhosis with Cr level >4 mg/dL were selected from 1438 patients and compared with MELD score‐matched controls for three‐month and six‐month mortality.Results:  At three months, patients with Cr level >4 mg/dL had a significantly higher mortality rate than the 184 controls with a lower Cr level (44.6% vs. 29.3%, p = 0.015). This trend was still significant at six months: the mortality rate was 62% in the index group vs. 45.1% in the control group (p = 0.011). The difference between the index and control groups was the smallest (2.5% at three months and 3.4% at six months) when Cr was up‐scaled to 5.5 mg/dL. The predictive accuracy of the MELD was estimated by using area under receiver‐operating characteristic (AUC) curve. Only the cutoff of 5.5 mg/dL at six months displayed a higher AUC (0.753).Conclusions:  A cutoff at 5.5 mg/dL may be more appropriate for the MELD. The MELD for patients with cirrhosis with advanced renal insufficiency deserves re‐evaluation.
Flowmetry‐based portal inflow manipulation for a small‐for‐size liver graft in a recipient with spontaneous splenorenal shunt
Authors: Chan See Ching , Lo Chung Mau , Chik Barbara H. , Chow Lorraine C. , Fan Sheung Tat 
Published: October 2009

Chan SC, Lo CM, Chik BH, Chow LC, Fan ST. Flowmetry‐based portal inflow manipulation for a small‐for‐size liver graft in a recipient with spontaneous splenorenal shunt. Clin Transplant 2010: 24: 410–414. © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  We report a case of living donor liver transplantation using a small‐for‐size graft (SFSG) with graft to estimated standard liver volume of only 28% in a recipient with spontaneous splenorenal shunt and demonstrate the value of intraoperative ultrasonic flowmetry. Despite an SFSG, the graft was underperfused. This was recognized by flowmetry and was rectified by ligation of the splenorenal shunt.
Can pediatricians accurately identify maternal depression at well‐child visits?
Authors: Mishina Hiroki , Hayashino Yasuaki , Takayama John Ichiro , Kasahara Mari , Fukuhara Shunichi 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackground:  The feasibility of a two‐item screening tool for maternal depression in a pediatric setting was recently reported. We assessed whether the accuracy of pediatrician recognition of maternal depression during the one‐month well‐child visit could be improved by an educational intervention using the two‐item screening tool.Methods:  We conducted an educational intervention for pediatric residents in a suburban hospital in Tokyo, Japan, with outcome measurement before and after. Resident education included knowledge about postpartum depression and its impact on children, use of the two‐item screening tool and available management strategies. Sixteen pediatric residents examined 267 mother–infant dyads during well‐child visits. Residents documented the presence or absence of postpartum depressive symptoms on medical records. Depressive symptoms were also determined using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) survey; residents were not aware of the results. Using the EPDS as a “gold standard,” improvement in sensitivity and specificity of resident recognition of maternal depressive symptoms was determined.Results:  The overall prevalence of postpartum depressive symptoms based on the EPDS was 15.4%. The sensitivity of resident recognition was 8% and specificity 98% before intervention, and 12% and 96% afterwards, respectively. The difference was not statistically significant. Residents indicated fear of maternal stigmatization and mothers' receptiveness to discussing depressive symptoms, as well as lack of time and skills, as major barriers to the identification of maternal depression.Conclusions:  A simple educational intervention using a two‐item screening tool did not improve the pediatrician's accuracy in detecting depressive symptoms in mothers. Additional strategies to address perceived barriers may be needed.
Neurodevelopment in 1‐year‐old Japanese infants after congenital heart surgery
Authors: Matsuzaki Tachiyo , Matsui Mie , Ichida Fukiko , Nakazawa Jun , Hattori Asako , Yoshikosi Kumiko , Miyazaki Michie , Fujii Miu , Hagino Ikuo , Kagisaki Koji , Yagihara Toshikatsu 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackground:  The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of persistent neurodevelopmental sequelae in 1‐year‐old infants after open heart surgery for congenital heart disease, using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development second edition (BSID‐II). A secondary objective was to confirm the applicability and usefulness of the BSID‐II in Japanese infants.Methods:  Thirty‐nine infants who underwent repair of a ventricular septal defect before 6 months of age and 108 normal Japanese infants at 1 year of age were assessed using the BSID‐II.Results:  In normal infants, scores on the Mental Development Index and the Psychomotor Development Index components of the BSID‐II ranged from borderline retardation to very superior following a normal distribution similar to those obtained for US controls. No problems were encountered, either in translation or in following the instructions when the BSID‐II was used to evaluate the 1‐year‐old Japanese infants. On the other hand, the mean scores on the Mental Development Index and the Psychomotor Development Index were significantly lower in Japanese patients than in normal Japanese infants, particularly for gross motor development (P < 0.001). Linear regression analysis showed that a longer intensive care unit stay was associated with impaired cognitive development at 1 year of age (P= 0.03).Conclusions:  Neurodevelopmental functions in 1‐year‐old infants with congenital heart disease were lower than those in normal infants, especially for gross motor function using the BSID‐II. One risk factor that correlated with neurodevelopmental sequelae was the length of intensive care unit stay.
Study on the reference values of serum lipids in children aged 3–18 years old in Beijing, China
Authors: Liao Ying , Mi Jie , Wang Yanfei , Chen Stella , Liu Ying , Tang Chaoshu , Jin Hongfang , Du Junbao 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackground:  The present study was designed to explore the reference values of serum lipids in children in Beijing.Methods:  A total of 1071 healthy children from Beijing between 3 and 18 years of age were enrolled and divided into four groups: A, 3–5‐year‐old group; B, 6–9‐year‐old group; C, 10–14‐year‐old group; and D, 15–18‐year‐old group. Blood samples were obtained from the cubital veins of the participants under a fasting condition. A Hitachi 7600 Automatic Biochemistry Analyzer was used to determine the serum levels. The cut‐off points of reference values were the 75th and 95th percentiles for total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) while the 25th and 5th percentiles were used for high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) concentrations.Results:  The highest 95th percentiles of TC among the four groups were 5.34 mmol/L for boys and 5.11 mmol/L for girls. Compared with those of boys, female TG levels were obviously higher in the 10–14‐year‐old group (P < 0.05) and HDL‐C levels were significantly higher in the 15–18‐year‐old group (P < 0.05). The serum TC, HDL‐C, and LDL‐C all peaked during the 6–9‐year‐old period and then declined during the adolescent stage. Also, the serum TG continuously increased with a relative plateau during the 6–14‐year‐old period. Obese and overweight children had higher TG and LDL‐C levels but lower HDL‐C levels.Conclusion:  This study showed a picture of the serum lipids distribution in Chinese children and found that their TC levels were lower than those of children in Japan, Iran, and France, but were higher than those of Italian children.
Inauguration of the first Psychological Support Center for Disaster Victims in Korea
Authors: Bae Jeongyee , Kim Key‐Yong , Panuncio Rosel L. , Choi Namhee , Im Sook‐Bin 
Published: October 2009

AbstractDisasters can strike uncontrollably whenever or wherever, leaving horrendous marks of physical and psychological damage on people upon their passing. Asia remains the most widely affected area of the world, with high death tolls, casualties, and economic losses recorded in past years. In fact, a developed country like South Korea incurs huge deficits from disaster‐related adversities. Restoration efforts and assistance for disaster survivors are generously provided by the Korean government. However, it is only recently that cases of postdisaster mental problems have been given attention. This article argues that, although material relief helps disaster victims to regain their physical losses, it is equally important to aid their psychological needs to prevent long‐term mental health problems. This article highlights Korea's first regional Psychological Support Center for disaster victims, which can be accessed online. With this Center, the country continues to strive in providing her people with holistic approaches to further enhance each citizen's quality of life.
Health‐care system and nursing in Sri Lanka: An ethnography study
Authors: De Silva Badurakada Sunil Santha , Rolls Colleen 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThis article stems from a larger ethnographic study that primarily explored nurses' cancer pain management in Sri Lanka. The findings presented in this article report on two aspects revealed in that study: the Sri Lankan health‐care system and nursing. The findings indicate that the Sri Lankan health‐care system is under considerable strain. Poor hospital management allows doctors to admit too many patients, resulting in chaotic and overcrowded work environments with unsustainable resources. This then impacts on the role of the nurse. This study highlights the adverse conditions under which nurses in Sri Lanka try to administer care, within a powerless and unchanging professional situation. Although this study extends the level of understanding of the situation for nurses in a government hospital, it also offers directions for policy‐makers and international nursing organizations to improve nursing education and governance in Sri Lanka.
Volunteer experiences in community housing during the Great Hanshin‐Awaji Earthquake, Japan
Authors: Kako Mayumi , Ikeda Sugako 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe recovery phase of disasters is long term and the victims require intensive support. Experiences in disasters can be traumatic and affect people physically and psychologically. Recovery is not only about the rebuilding of infrastructure in the affected area but also about the rehabilitation of people and the rebuilding of their life. The importance of long‐term mental health care after disasters has been emphasized in the literature and the authors' volunteer participation during the Japanese Great Hanshin‐Awaji Earthquake in 1995 reinforced its importance. This article reports on the authors' experiences as health professional volunteers caring for dislocated people living in temporary housing after the earthquake, when kodokushi (death alone and, initially, unnoticed) and alcoholism claimed the life of some of these people.