bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Older peoples' satisfaction with home‐based dialysis
Authors: DERRETT SARAH , DARMODY MARYANN , WILLIAMS SHEILA , RUTHERFORD MERRIN , SCHOLLUM JOHN , WALKER ROB 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACT:Background:  The proportion of older people receiving dialysis is rapidly increasing. The typical choice for older patients is between home‐based peritoneal dialysis (PD) and clinic‐based haemodialysis (HD). Some centres have been successful in encouraging all patients – including older patients – to have home‐based self‐administered PD or HD.Aim:  To (i) describe the overall satisfaction with renal services among older patients dialysing, or in training, with HD or PD at home; and (ii) examine the relationship between residential distance from the nephrology unit and satisfaction with home‐based dialysis.Methods:  Participants were aged 60 years or more; and were either dialysing at home or training for dialysis at home. Two methods of cross‐sectional data collection were used: (i) structured quantitative interviews with all participants; and (ii) qualitative interviews with a selected subgroup.Results:  Participants comprised 45 patients on dialysis (94% of 48 eligible). Their average age was 68 years. Duration of dialysis averaged 28 months (range 3–150 months). Ratings of ‘very good or excellent’ were reported for dialysis treatment by 40 (89%) patients. Patients on dialysis, despite experiencing frustration with dialysis itself, expressed satisfaction across four categories: staff, information provision, involvement in decision‐making and confidence in managing dialysis. Dissatisfaction was infrequent.Conclusion:  This pilot study suggests that older patients trained to dialyse at home using PD or HD are highly satisfied with the nephrology service – even when living remote from the nephrology unit. Home‐based dialysis is possible in older patients with levels of comorbidity and disease severity as serious as elsewhere.
3‐Hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors prevent the progression of renal dysfunction in Japanese hypertensive patients
Authors: Kuwabara Masanori , Kubo Toru , Bando Kanji , Hirakawa Yoko , Kitaoka Hiroaki , Nishinaga Masanori , Doi Yoshinori L 
Published: February 2010

Aim:  The aim was to determine whether the use of statins prevents the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in hypertensive patients.Methods:  We retrospectively reviewed data obtained from hypertensive patients, and subjects with diabetes mellitus and those undergoing hemodialysis were excluded. At total of 227 patients were enrolled (83 men, mean age 73 years) and 90% of the patients were of CKD stage 2 or 3. The patients were divided into two groups: those treated with statins (n = 93) and those not treated with statins (n = 134). Renal function was evaluated by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).Results:  The statin group and the non‐statin group were similar in age, sex, blood pressure, follow‐up period and prescriptions of antihypertensive medicines. The eGFR in the statin group increased from 62 ± 14 to 66 ± 15 (mL/min per 1.73 m2), whereas it decreased in the non‐statin group from 69 ± 16 to 64 ± 18 (mL/min per 1.73 m2). The annual eGFR improved in the statin group (2.5 ± 6.6 mL/min per 1.73 m2/year), but decreased in the non‐statin group (−3.3 ± 6.6 mL/min per 1.73 m2/year) (P < 0.001). When the patients were divided into two groups by low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels at the second evaluation, annual eGFR improved in the group of LDL to below 100 mg/dL (n = 99) (0.4 ± 7.2 mL/min per 1.73 m2/year), but decreased in the other group (n = 128) (−1.9 ± 7.0 mL/min per 1.73 m2/year) (P = 0.018).Conclusion:  Lipid‐lowering intervention with statins inhibits the progression of CKD in hypertensive patients. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2010; 10: 219–224.
Coexistent intramedullary spinal cord and choroidal metastases in ovarian cancer
Authors: Kodama Michiko , Kawaguchi Haruna , Komoto Yoshiko , Takemura Masahiko 
Published: February 2010

AbstractInvolvement of intramedullary spinal cord and the choroid by ovarian cancer is rare, and coexistence of metastases at these sites is extremely rare and has never been reported. This condition rapidly progresses to a neurological emergency; however, an efficient standard treatment method is not available for this rare condition. The case presented herein is of a female patient with stage II, poorly differentiated serous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary. She presented with blindness and other neurologic complaints during the course of treatment for a recurrence at 50 months after the primary surgical treatment for the tumor. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed intramedullary spinal cord metastasis and choroidal metastasis, coexisting with multiple brain metastases and intra‐abdominal lesions. Neurological emergency was prevented by administering whole‐brain irradiation therapy followed by systemic chemotherapy. Early diagnosis and multidisciplinary treatment, including radiotherapy and chemotherapy, may offer good palliation for such unusual metastases of ovarian cancer.
Monochorionic twins with the same blood karyotype of 46,XY/47,XYY but different phenotypes
Authors: Wuttikonsammakit Piyawadee , Tanawattanacharoen Somchai , Uerpairojkit Boonchai 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWe report the case of a 13‐year‐old woman who was pregnant with phenotypically discordant monochorionic twins: one with cystic hygroma and hydrops, the other one normal. Fetal blood sampling was performed by intrahepatic blood collection for karyotyping of both fetuses, revealing the same genotype of 46,XY/47,XYY in 2:1 proportion. Phenotypic discordance in monozygotic twins can have various causes, such as placental vascular anatomy, differences in allocation of the number of blastomeres or genetic postzygotic events.
Long‐term outcome, including pregnancy rate, recurrence rate and ovarian reserve, after laparoscopic laser ablation surgery in infertile women with endometrioma
Authors: Shimizu Yoshihiko , Takashima Akiko , Takahashi Kentaro , Kita Nobuyuki , Fujiwara Mutsuko , Murakami Takashi 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAim:  To retrospectively assess the long‐term outcome, including pregnancy rate, recurrence rate and ovarian reserve, after laser ablation surgery in infertile women with endometrioma.Methods:  From March 1997 to June 2007, 45 subfertile women underwent ablation surgery with a potassium‐titanyl‐phosphate laser for ovarian endometrioma. These patients were reviewed retrospectively.Results:  Of the 45 women, 22 became pregnant spontaneously. Among the 23 women who did not become pregnant after more than 6 months postoperatively, 16 elected to undergo in vitro fertilization (IVF), 12 of them became pregnant. The remaining 11 women did not become pregnant. Eleven women had recurrence detected by ultrasound. The mean number of oocytes retrieved per cycle during IVF was 7.3 ± 3.6 and 4.6 ± 2.7 from the ovary treated by ablation surgery and the contralateral ovary, respectively.Conclusion:  The overall long‐term pregnancy rate (combining spontaneous pregnancy and IVF) after laparoscopic ablation surgery for endometrioma was 75.6%. Surgery did not have any adverse effect on the ovarian reserve during subsequent IVF.
Brain transcranial direct current stimulation modulates motor excitability in mice
Authors: Cambiaghi Marco , Velikova Svetla , Gonzalez‐Rosa Javier J. , Cursi Marco , Comi Giancarlo , Leocani Letizia 
Published: February 2010

AbstractShortly after the application of weak transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to the animal and human brain, changes in corticospinal excitability, which mainly depend on polarity, duration and current density of the stimulation protocol, have been reported. In humans, anodal tDCS has been reported to enhance motor‐evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by transcranial brain stimulation while cathodal tDCS has been shown to decrease them. Here we investigated the effects produced by tDCS on mice motor cortex. MEPs evoked by transcranial electric stimulation were recorded from forelimbs of 12 C57BL/6 mice, under sevofluorane anaesthesia, before and after (0, 5 and 10 min) anodal and cathodal tDCS (tDCS duration 10 min). With respect to sham condition stimulation (anaesthesia), MEP size was significantly increased immediately after anodal tDCS, and was reduced after cathodal tDCS (∼20% vs. sham). Both effects declined towards basal levels in the following 10 min. Although the site and mechanisms of action of tDCS need to be more clearly identified, the directionality of effects of tDCS on mice MEPs is consistent with previous findings in humans. The feasibility of tDCS in mice suggests the potential applicability of this technique to assess the potential therapeutic options of brain polarization in animal models of neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases.
The role of the dopamine transporter DAT1 genotype on the neural correlates of cognitive flexibility
Authors: Garcia‐Garcia M. , Barceló F. , Clemente I. C. , Escera C. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractCognitive flexibility, the ability to adapt goal‐oriented behaviour in response to changing environmental demands, varies widely amongst individuals, yet its underlying neural mechanisms are not fully understood. Neuropharmacological and human clinical studies have suggested a critical role for striatal dopaminergic function mediated by the dopamine transporter (DAT). The present study aimed at revealing the role of the DAT in the individual brain response stereotypy underlying cognitive flexibility. A task‐switching protocol was administered to a sample divided according to the presence or absence of the 9‐repeat (9R) allele of the DAT1 polymorphism, while registering behavioural and electrophysiological novelty‐P3 responses. The absence of the 9R (higher gene expression) is related to less striatal DA availability. Individuals lacking the 9R (9R−) showed specific response time (RT) increases for sensory change and task‐set reconfiguration, as well as brain modulations not observed in participants with the 9R allele (9R+), suggesting that task performance of the former group depended on immediate local context. In contrast, individuals displaying high striatal DA showed larger RT costs than 9R− individuals to any sensory change, with no further increase for task‐set reconfiguration, and a larger early positive brain response irrespective of the task condition, probably reflecting larger inhibition of any previous interference as well as stronger activation of the current task set. However, the polymorphic groups did not differ in their mean RTs in trials requiring task‐set reconfiguration. This distinct stereotypy of cerebral responses reveals different patterns of cognitive control according to the DAT1 gene polymorphism.
Global marine primary production constrains fisheries catches
Authors: Chassot Emmanuel , Bonhommeau Sylvain , Dulvy Nicholas K. , Mélin Frédéric , Watson Reg , Gascuel Didier , Le Pape Olivier 
Published: February 2010

Ecology Letters (2010) 13: 495–505AbstractPrimary production must constrain the amount of fish and invertebrates available to expanding fisheries; however the degree of limitation has only been demonstrated at regional scales to date. Here we show that phytoplanktonic primary production, estimated from an ocean‐colour satellite (SeaWiFS), is related to global fisheries catches at the scale of Large Marine Ecosystems, while accounting for temperature and ecological factors such as ecosystem size and type, species richness, animal body size, and the degree and nature of fisheries exploitation. Indeed we show that global fisheries catches since 1950 have been increasingly constrained by the amount of primary production. The primary production appropriated by current global fisheries is 17–112% higher than that appropriated by sustainable fisheries. Global primary production appears to be declining, in some part due to climate variability and change, with consequences for the near future fisheries catches.
Caregiving appraisal of family caregivers for older stroke patients in Korea
Authors: Lee J. , Yoo M.S. , Jung D. 
Published: February 2010

LEE J., YOO M.S. & JUNG D. (2010) Caregiving appraisal of family caregivers for older stroke patients in Korea. International Nursing Review57, 107–112Purpose:  The purpose of this study was to investigate factors related to caregiving appraisal for family caregivers of older stroke patients in Korea.Method:  A descriptive, cross‐sectional survey of a sample of 242 family caregivers (95.7% response rate) was conducted in Korea from 1 January 2005 to 4 January 2007. Data were collected from outpatient stroke centres at three hospitals and two home health agencies located in Seoul, the capital city of Korea, its suburban area of Kyunggi‐do, and the rural areas Gyeongsangbuk‐do and Chungcheongbuk‐do. The questionnaire was self‐administered. spss 13.0 (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was used to perform frequency, percentage, mean standard deviation, t‐test or analysis of variance, and Pearson's correlation calculations.Results:  Caregiving appraisal was statistically different based on the caregiver's location of residency and the relationship between the caregiver and the recipient. The caregivers who resided in urban areas reported higher scores of caregiving appraisal compared with those who resided in rural areas. With regard to the caregiver–recipient relationship, spouses reported the highest caregiving distress status, followed by daughters‐in‐law, sons and, finally, daughters. In addition, caregiving distress significantly correlated with age (r = 0.151, P = 0.022), the number of caregiving hours per week (r = 0.198, P = 0.003) and filial obligations (r = 0.336, P = 0.000).Discussion:  The study results helped to better understand the caregiving process of Korean family caregivers. The data emphasized the importance of examining the expression of cultural roles and individual values on the caregivers' quality of life in diverse cultures. The knowledge gained from this study will be utilized to develop culture‐specific interventions and social policies to directly support Korean family caregivers and to indirectly support stroke patients.
Patient safety: a literative review on the impact of nursing empowerment, leadership and collaboration
Authors: Richardson A. , Storr J. 
Published: February 2010

RICHARDSON A. & STORR J. (2010) Patient safety: a literative review on the impact of nursing empowerment, leadership and collaboration. International Nursing Review57, 12–21Background:  Nurses are ideally placed to drive the safety and quality agenda within health care because of their unique proximity to patients. There have been some attempts to look at the links between nursing care and quality outcomes, but relatively little on the connection between nursing and patient safety. Therefore, exploring the evidence on this issue was indicated, excluding links to nurse staffing and environment.Aims:  The aim of this study was to identify to what extent and in what way nursing leadership, collaboration and empowerment can have a demonstrable impact on patient safety.Methods:  A search of electronic databases was undertaken from 1998 to 2008. One thousand seven hundred eighty‐eight titles and abstracts were retrieved, and the full text of 65 relevant papers was obtained and reviewed. Data extraction was undertaken if papers met the following inclusion criteria: a measure of impact from a study or audit, patient safety and nursing focused, and identified one of the following issues (leadership, advocacy, interdisciplinary working, empowerment and collaboration). Eleven papers were selected and critically reviewed.Finding:  Of the 11 papers, 7 were undertaken in the USA, 2 in Canada, 1 in the UK and 1 in Iceland. Selected papers comprised of one systematic review, one cohort study, four qualitative studies, three cross‐sectional studies, one survey and an evaluation. The quality of papers was variable and provided limited evidence of impact or effectiveness in terms of nurses directly influencing patient safety.Conclusion:  Gaps currently exist in relation to knowledge on the extent and nature of the role of nurses in patient safety improvement. Considerable work is required before comprehensive solutions can be further developed. Huge potential exists for improvement through nursing empowerment, leadership and the development of tools to strengthen and support nurses' influential role in the quality and safety movement; therefore, the need for investment into well‐designed research studies to address these gaps is obvious, required and timely.
Registered nurses' medication management of the elderly in aged care facilities
Authors: Lim L.M. , Chiu L.H. , Dohrmann J. , Tan K.‐L. 
Published: February 2010

LIM L.M., CHIU L.H., DOHRMANN J. & TAN K.‐L. (2010) Registered nurses' medication management of the elderly in aged care facilities. International Nursing Review57, 98–106Background:  Data on adverse drug reactions (ADRs) showed a rising trend in the elderly over 65 years using multiple medications.Aim:  To identify registered nurses' (RNs) knowledge of medication management and ADRs in the elderly in aged care facilities; evaluate an education programme to increase pharmacology knowledge and prevent ADRs in the elderly; and develop a learning programme with a view to extending provision, if successful.Method:  This exploratory study used a non‐randomized pre‐ and post‐test one group quasi‐experimental design without comparators. It comprised a 23‐item knowledge‐based test questionnaire, one‐hour teaching session and a self‐directed learning package. The volunteer sample was RNs from residential aged care facilities, involved in medication management. Participants sat a pre‐test immediately before the education, and post‐test 4 weeks later (same questionnaire). Participants' perceptions obtained.Findings:  Pre‐test sample n = 58, post‐test n = 40, attrition rate of 31%. Using Microsoft Excel 2000, descriptive statistical data analysis of overall pre‐ and post‐test incorrect responses showed: pre‐test proportion of incorrect responses = 0.40; post‐test proportion of incorrect responses = 0.27; Z‐test comparing pre‐ and post‐tests scores of incorrect responses = 6.55 and one‐sided P‐value = 2.8E‐11 (P < 0.001).Conclusion and implications:  Pre‐test showed knowledge deficits in medication management and ADRs in the elderly; post‐test showed statistically significant improvement in RNs' knowledge. It highlighted a need for continuing professional education. Further studies are required on a larger sample of RNs in other aged care facilities, and on the clinical impact of education by investigating nursing practice and elderly residents' outcomes.
A qualitative study of women in polygynous marriages
Authors: Tabi M.M. , Doster C. , Cheney T. 
Published: February 2010

TABI M.M., DOSTER C. & CHENEY T. (2010) A qualitative study of women in polygynous marriages. International Nursing Review57, 121–127Purpose:  Polygyny, the practice of taking more than one wife at the same time is a common practice in several countries including Africa. This study, conducted in Ghana, West Africa, investigated married women's experiences in polygyny and their ways of coping.Methods:  Using exploratory qualitative methodology, data were collected from 15 married women who consented to in‐depth interviews. The study was conducted in the summer of 2005 with approval from an institutional review board and permission from community leaders from the study site.Findings:  Three themes emerged from the study: infertility, co‐wives' relationships and ways of coping. The findings indicated that infertility was the number one reason that women allowed for co‐wives in their marriages because this was necessary to protect the marriage rather than divorce. Unhappiness, loneliness, sense of competition and jealousy, and lack of intimacy with the spouse were identified as disadvantages of polygyny. The perceived advantages of polygyny included sharing of house chores and child rearing. The women's ways of coping included the use of religion, faith and a strong sisterly bond formed with the co‐wives. Though the majority of the women disapproved of polygyny unions, divorce was not an option.Conclusion:  These findings have implications for nursing and policy‐makers. Nurses can provide education and implement programmes that teach coping mechanisms and stress management. Policy‐makers should be made aware of the implications of polygynous marriages on women's health and well‐being. There is the need to conduct more research to investigate the effects of polygyny on women's mental health and the need to develop programmes to support women.
Job satisfaction amongst Dutch nurse anaesthetists: the influence of emotions on events
Authors: Meeusen V. , Van Dam K. , Van Zundert A. , Knape J. 
Published: February 2010

MEEUSEN V., VAN DAM K., VAN ZUNDERT A. & KNAPE J. (2010) Job satisfaction amongst Dutch nurse anaesthetists: the influence of emotions on events. International Nursing Review57, 85–91Background:  An ageing population, combined with a shortage of health‐care professionals, can result in a decrease in the capacity of health‐care systems. Therefore, it is important to explore possible solutions for this problem. By finding methods to increase job satisfaction, it may be possible to retain employees within their profession. In this study, we examined events, their influence on emotions and, consequently, the effect of these emotions on job satisfaction. We attempted to answer the question: Which events and emotions influence job satisfaction?Methods:   We collected data on events and emotions, and their effects on job satisfaction, amongst Dutch nurse anaesthetists. Participants (n = 314) were asked to complete two questionnaires about events, emotions and job satisfaction at two different times during an average working day.Results:   One hundred thirty‐two nurse anaesthetists from 24 Dutch hospitals participated. Both positive and negative events were significant in the development of positive and negative emotions at the end of the working day. Positive emotions at the end of the working day contributed significantly to job satisfaction. Negative emotions did not have a significant effect on job satisfaction.Conclusions:   The mediating role of positive emotions in relation to positive and negative events should be taken into account in managing job satisfaction amongst Dutch nurse anaesthetists. Further research is necessary to determine whether the relationship between events and emotions provides a foundation for developing a more positive working atmosphere, and also to explore how hospitals can trigger positive emotions to increase job satisfaction.