bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustaining place through community walking initiatives
Authors: Dobson Stephen 
Published: October 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to summarise findings from collaborative research with Sheffield City Council to help contribute to a national healthy walks initiative. The primary purpose of the initiative is to help encourage a more active lifestyle through the uptake of regular walking. Highlighted here are some of the Sheffield urban walks which aimed to engage specifically with those living in more deprived urban communities. Reawakening the participants’ sense of enquiry and motivation to explore their everyday historic urban surroundings was an important stage in increasing the potential sustainable impact of the walking programme.Design/methodology/approachThe Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) funded project used an Action Research/collaborative approach to help develop the English Heritage GIS tool (Historic Landscape Characterisation) as both a catalyst for exploring the temporality of space and as a practical desk‐based means for defining potential walking routes.FindingsThe healthy walking initiative is used to illustrate how cross‐domain working can provide a powerful means to engage new audiences and it is asserted here that any form of community walking has the potential to increase the sense of custodianship of place.Originality/value(Re)awakening of attachment is explored here through engagement with an embedded and everyday material time‐depth. There are many urban residential areas which are not formally addressed by the urban designer, landscape architect, conservation officer or heritage professional and so require the engaged citizen to recognise the potential impacts of incremental change upon their surroundings.
Gazi: what's next?
Authors: Kume Vasilika 
Published: October 2011

Subject area
Entrepreneurial issues with sub-themes on leadership, decision making, environmental scanning and strategic management, change management.

Study level/applicability
Undergraduate business and management; MBA/Master's management courses.

Case overview
The case “Gazi,” examines the life, career and leadership style of a successful entrepreneur. In Gazi case we meet a 25-year-old guy who understood instinctively how to bring markets and products together. His first endeavor was selling spare parts, together with his family members. With time passing he is engaged in a number of ventures, all of them successful. It is the case when an entrepreneur is in a crossroad: he possesses the necessary finances but lacks ideas. The question is: what's next? This case illustrates the management challenges faced in moving from a very centralized economy to a free market one. It also raises issues having to do with the management of changes that are viewed as radical by those being affected.

Expected learning outcomes
The goal is for students to assess the characteristics of a leader and entrepreneur, and try to provide solutions to dilemmas that accompany it. Next goal is studying the Albanian business environment, and achievements to date presented, to provide suggestions on the strategy that should follow Gazi, as well as alternatives to the appropriate business.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes.
The impact of intuition and supervisor–nurse relationships on empowerment and affective commitment by generation
Authors: Farr‐Wharton Rod , Brunetto Yvonne , Shacklock Kate 
Published: October 2011

courtney‐pratt h., fitzgerald m., ford k., marsden k. & marlow a. (2012) Quality clinical placements for undergraduate nursing students: a cross‐sectional survey of undergraduates and supervising nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing68(6), 1391–1401.AbstractAim.  This article reports a generational cohort and leader‐member exchange theoretical frameworks‐guided study of the influence of the supervisor–subordinate relationship on three generational nurse cohorts’ use of intuition, perceptions of empowerment and affective commitment.Background.  Within a global context of nurse shortages, knowledge about factors influencing nurse retention is urgently sought. We postulated that nurses’ use of intuition is the key to their empowerment and consequent commitment to the organization, and that impact would vary among the three large nurse generations.Methods.  A self‐report survey was used to gather data in 2008, which were then analysed using correlations, regression analysis, manova and path analysis. Data were obtained from 900 Baby Boomer and Generations X and Y nurses, randomly chosen from seven private hospitals across Australia.Results.  The findings confirm the important impact of supervisor–nurse relationships upon all three generations’ use of intuition. The findings add new knowledge about the differing importance of using intuition for Generation X, Generation Y and Baby Boomer nurses’ perceptions of empowerment, suggesting it is more important to Baby Boomers and Generation X than to Generation Y. Further, the impact of using intuition differs significantly among the generational cohorts.Conclusions.  The findings suggest the need for a more differentiated tailored style – sensitive to varying needs of the generations. Improving supervisor–nurse relationships is also critical, because of their impact upon nurses’ use of intuition, perceptions of empowerment and affective commitment. Poor relationships lead to increased nurse replacement costs.
Preliminary enquiry into the availability, price and quality of malaria rapid diagnostic tests in the private health sector of six malaria‐endemic countries
Authors: Albertini A. , Djalle D. , Faye B. , Gamboa D. , Luchavez J. , Mationg M. L. , Mwangoka G. , Oyibo W. , Bennett J. , Incardona S. , Lee E. 
Published: October 2011

SummaryObjectives  This enquiry aimed to provide a snap‐shot of availability, price and quality of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) in private health facilities at selected sites in six malaria‐endemic countries in Africa, South East Asia and South America.Methods  In each study site, data collectors surveyed private healthcare facilities which were selected based on accessibility from their home institution. Using a questionnaire, information was recorded about the facility itself and the malaria RDT(s) available. Where possible, a small number of RDTs were procured and quality control tested using a standardized procedure.Results  Of the 324 private healthcare facilities visited, 35 outlets (mainly private clinics and hospitals) were found to supply 10 different types of RDTs products. RDT prices across the six countries ranged from US$1.00 to $16.81. Five of the 14 malaria RDTs collected failed quality control testing.Conclusions  In the private outlets sampled, the availability of RDTs was limited. Some of the RDTs whose quality we tested demonstrated inadequate sensitivity. This presents a number of risks. Given the more widespread distribution of antimalarials currently planned for private sector facilities, parasite‐based diagnosis in this sector will be essential to adhere to the WHO guidelines for effective case management of malaria. Considerable regulation and quality control are also necessary to assure the availability of accurate and reliable RDTs, as well as adequate case management and provider adherence to RDT results. Public sector engagement is likely to be essential in this process.
Tanshinone IIA attenuates cyclic strain‐induced endothelin‐1 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
Authors: Hong Hong‐Jye , Hsu Feng‐Lin , Tsai Shih‐Chang , Lin Cheng‐Hsin , Liu Ju‐Chi , Chen Jin‐Jer , Cheng Tzu‐Hurng , Chan Paul 
Published: October 2011

Summary1. Tanshinone IIA, one of the active components of the Radix of Salvia miltiorrhiza, is used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat cardiovascular diseases. However, the intracellular mechanism of action of tanshinone IIA remain to be determined. The aims of the present study were to test the hypothesis that tanshinone IIA alters strain‐induced endothelin (ET)‐1 expression and nitric oxide (NO) production, as well as to identify the putative signalling pathways involved, in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).2. Cultured HUVEC were exposed to cyclic strain in the presence of 1–10 μmol/L tanshinone IIA. Expression of ET‐1 was examined by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction and ELISA. Phosphorylation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and activating transcription factor (ATF) 3 was assessed by western blot analysis.3. Tanshinone IIA (3 and 10 μmol/L) inhibited strain‐induced ET‐1 expression. In contrast, NO production, eNOS phosphorylation and ATF3 expression were enhanced by tanshinone IIA. The eNOS inhibitor NG‐nitro‐l‐arginine methyl ester (l‐NAME; 100 μmol/L), the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase inhibitor LY294002 (5  μmol/L) and the soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor 1H‐[1,2,4] oxadiazolo [4,3‐a] quinoxalin‐1‐one (ODQ; 10  μmol/L) inhibited tanshinone IIA‐induced increases in ATF3 expression. Moreover, treatment of HUVEC with either an NO donor (3,3‐bis [aminoethyl]‐1‐hydroxy‐2‐oxo‐1‐triazene; 500  μmol/L) or an ATF3 activator (carbobenzoxy‐l‐leucyl‐l‐leucyl‐l‐leucinal; 5 μmol/L) resulted in the repression of strain‐induced ET‐1 expression. The inhibitory effect of tanshinone IIA on strain‐induced ET‐1 expression was significantly attenuated by l‐NAME, ODQ and the transfection of small interfering RNA for ATF3.4. In conclusion, tanshinone IIA inhibits strain‐induced ET‐1 expression by increasing NO and upregulating ATF3 in HUVEC. The present study provides important new insights into the molecular pathways that may contribute to the beneficial effects of tanshinone IIA in the cardiovascular system.
Anti‐glomerular basement membrane disease in Auckland
Authors: Taylor D. M. , Yehia M. , Simpson I. J. , Thein H. , Chang Y. , de Zoysa J. R. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackground:  Anti‐glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibody‐mediated disease is rare and classically presents with the syndrome of glomerulonephritis and pulmonary haemorrhage.Aim:  This aim of this report was to determine the incidence, clinical features, management and outcomes of anti‐GBM disease in Auckland between 1998 and 2008.Methods:  Potential patients were identified by a search for positive anti‐GBM antibody serology, diagnostic renal biopsy, or in‐hospital admissions using International Classification of Diseases 9 and 10 codes between 1998 and 2008. A retrospective case notes review of all potential cases was performed with data censored at 31 December 2010.Results:  Twenty‐three cases were identified. The rate of anti‐GBM disease was estimated at 1.79 per million person‐years. There were 12 men and 11 women. The median age was 45 years, range 12–74 years. Sixteen patients were European, three were Pacific peoples, three were NZ Maori and one was Chinese. Eleven were regular smokers and eight ex‐smokers, significantly higher proportions than the population (P≤ 0.001). Smokers were significantly more likely to have respiratory disease (P= 0.03). The mean creatinine at presentation was 474 µmol/L. All patients had a renal biopsy; 20 had crescentic glomerulonephritis. One patient recovered renal function without treatment. Twenty‐two were immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids. Seventeen received plasmapheresis. Eighteen were alive, eight with end‐stage renal disease, two with chronic kidney disease and eight with normal renal function.Conclusions:  Anti‐GBM disease is a rare condition, which is not overrepresented among indigenous people. With aggressive therapy the prognosis has improved; however, the morbidity and mortality of this condition remain significant.
Relationships between HMG‐CoA reductase inhibitors (statin) use and strength, balance and falls in older people
Authors: Haerer W. , Delbaere K. , Bartlett H. , Lord S. R. , Rowland J. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAimsTo investigate associations between HMG‐CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) use and muscle strength, balance, mobility and falls in older people.MethodsFive hundred community‐dwelling people aged 70–90 years provided information about their medication use and undertook tests of lower limb strength, postural sway, leaning balance (maximal balance range and coordinated stability tests) and functional mobility. Participants were then followed up for 12 months with respect to falls.ResultsAfter adjusting for general health in analyses of covariance procedures, statin users had poorer maximal balance range than non‐statin users (P = 0.017). Statin and non‐statin users did not differ with respect to strength, postural sway, mobility or falls experienced in the follow‐up year.ConclusionIn a sample of healthy older people, statin use was not associated with muscle weakness, postural sway, reduced mobility or falls. Statin users, however, had poorer leaning balance which may potentially increase fall risk in this group.
RecentPhilosophicalWork on theConnection betweenMusic and theEmotions
Authors: MATRAVERS DEREK 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTThis study asserts that philosophical interest in the connection between music and the emotions lies in the light it could throw on the nature of expression. Expression in turn is interesting because of the light it could throw on the nature of understanding and of value. Three different sorts of theory are considered: those that rely on experienced resemblance, those that rely on some imaginative state and those that rely on an aroused feeling. It is suggested, following Malcolm Budd, that room might be found for all these accounts.
Homer'sProphecy:anEssay onMusic'sPrimaryEmotions
Authors: ZENTNER MARCEL 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTIn hisOdyssey, Homer described a particular kind of music‐evoked emotion, a tapestry of wonder, dazzle, entrancement and enchantment which has been largely ignored in recent work on music and emotion. In this article, our work on the characterization and classification of music‐evoked emotion, which allowed us to identify 45 emotion terms relating to emotive states typically and recurrently induced by music, will be recapitulated. A model with nine emotion clusters, sometimes referred to as the GEMS model, provides a higher‐order representation of the interrelationships between these emotive states. Strikingly, the first of these basic music emotions, ‘wonder’, is akin to the emotion described by Homer 2,800 years ago. After elucidating the other primary music emotions, I will turn to the question of how emotions are elicited by music and will present our ‘induction rule model’ as an explanatory frame. This will be followed by a brief overview of measures of music‐induced emotion, where I will present some new findings on the neurobiology of the GEMS emotions. In the final section these empirical findings will be contextualised within current psychological and philosophical views of music and emotion.
The association of depression and multimorbidity in the elderly: implications for the assessment of depression
Authors: SPANGENBERG Lena , FORKMANN Thomas , BRÄHLER Elmar , GLAESMER Heide 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackground:  Depression and multimorbidity are common in the elderly. Assessing depression might be difficult because of the overlap of depressive and somatic symptoms, possibly leading to confounded results.Methods:  This study investigates the frequency of depression, multimorbidity and their association, the potential impact of multimorbidity on the assessment of depression by the Patient Health Questionnaire, and whether using a cut point might cause misleading results in the elderly German population (60–85 years, n= 1659).Results:  Depressive syndromes are significantly more frequent in multimorbid respondents. Multimorbidity is associated with higher item scores, especially in the somatic items, and multimorbid respondents show higher depression severity levels in comparison to non‐multimorbid persons.Conclusion:  There are associations between multimorbidity and depressive symptoms, therefore potentially confounding prevalence rates. As such, causal pathways of these associations should be studied under a longitudinal perspective in future studies.
Moderating effect of Islamic religiosity on the relationship between chronic medical conditions and psychological well‐being among elderly Malays
Authors: ABOLFATHI MOMTAZ Yadollah , HAMID Tengku Aizan , IBRAHIM Rahimah , YAHAYA Nurizan , ABDULLAH Siti Suhailah 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackground:  Research has found that physical health decline in later life is associated with poor psychological well‐being. This study aimed to examine the possible moderating effect of Islamic religiosity on the relationship between chronic medical conditions and psychological well‐being.Methods:  The sample for this study consisted of 1415 elderly Malay Muslims. It was obtained from a cross‐sectional survey entitled ‘Patterns of Social Relationship and Psychological Well‐Being among Older Persons in Peninsular Malaysia’, which conducted from 2007 to 2009, using a multistage stratified sampling procedure. Data collection was performed through face‐to‐face interviews. A four‐step moderated hierarchical regression analysis using SPSS software for Windows and the ‘ModGraph‐2’ software program was used to test the hypothesis.Results:  Results of bivariate analysis showed, at certain levels of chronic medical conditions, older persons with a high level of religiosity reported significantly higher levels of psychological well‐being compared to their counterparts with a low level of religiosity. Four‐step moderated hierarchical regression analysis revealed that the negative effect of chronic medical conditions on psychological well‐being is reduced by both personal and social religiosity (β= 0.07, P≤ 0.01), after controlling for selected sociodemographic factors.Conclusion:  Taken together, these findings indicate that the depressogenic effect of physical illness is decreased by religiosity in chronically ill elderly people. The implications and limitations of the current study are discussed and recommendations for future research are proposed.
Frequency Dependence of Coercive Field in Soft Pb(Zr1−xTix)O3 (0.20 ≤ x ≤ 0.60) Bulk Ceramics
Authors: Chen Xuefeng , Dong Xianlin , Zhang Hongling , Cao Fei , Wang Genshui , Gu Yan , He Hongliang , Liu Yusheng 
Published: October 2011

Frequency (f) dependence of coercive field (Ec) of six Pb(Zr1−xTix)O3 (0.20 ≤ x ≤ 0.60) bulk ceramics with different compositions was investigated at various frequencies (1–100 Hz). Scaling relations of Ec against f, Ec ∝ fβ, were obtained, where the value of exponent β varied with the ceramics composition. These exponents were far smaller than that of the theoretic prediction because the domain wall motion played a major role in the frequency region. In addition, the values of the exponents were of obvious discrepancy for different phase structures with tetragonal, rhombohedral, and morphotropic phases, but nearly similar for the same phase structure with different compositions, suggesting that different domain structures influence the scaling behaviors.
Identification of Sex‐Determining Region Y (SRY) in Maternal Plasma after Paternal Lymphocyte Immunization: Is it Possible?
Authors: Machado Isabela N. , Levi José E. , Lima Simone B. S. , Barini Ricardo 
Published: October 2011

Citation Machado IN, Levi JE, Lima SBS, Barini R. Identification of Sex‐Determining Region Y (SRY) in Maternal Plasma after Paternal Lymphocyte Immunization: Is it Possible? Am J Reprod Immunol 2012; 67: 231–234Problem  Women treated with allogeneic immunization using paternal lymphocytes often request laboratory molecular tests using cell‐free fetal DNA in maternal plasma. There is concern whether the treatment can interfere with its results. This study evaluated the applicability of fetal sex determination using fragments of sex‐determining region Y (SRY) in the plasma of women submitted to paternal lymphocyte immunization.Method of study  Non‐pregnant women blood samples were collected at two different moments: prior to paternal lymphocyte immunization and after three doses of the immunotherapy, in a prospective study. For women who became pregnant, another sample was collect during the first trimester. Amplification of the fragment of the Y chromosome (SRY) was performed using real‐time PCR.Results  The SRY gene was not identified in any of the plasma samples of the 50 non‐pregnant women submitted to paternal lymphocyte immunization at either of the two moments evaluated. For the 26 pregnant women, the results of the identification of sex ‐determining in maternal plasma were completely in agreement with the infant sex.Conclusion  Paternal lymphocyte immunization does not affect the results of SRY fragment investigation in the plasma of women submitted to paternal lymphocyte immunization therapy.
Oncogene‐induced senescence and melanoma: where do we stand?
Authors: Peeper Daniel S. 
Published: October 2011

SummaryIn recent years, many groups have detected biomarkers of cellular senescence in a plethora of neoplastic lesions, in model systems, and humans. Indeed, we have come to realize that oncogene‐induced senescence (OIS) acts as a potent barrier to oncogenic transformation, operating alongside cell death programs. We have begun to uncover some of its underlying principles, but many fundamental questions remain. In this perspective, some of the ‘knowns’ and ‘unknowns’ of OIS are discussed, with a focus on melanomagenesis.
A New Rhamphorhynchid Pterosaur (Pterosauria) from the Middle Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation of Western Liaoning, China
Authors: LÜ Junchang , BO Xue 
Published: October 2011

Abstract:A new Sordes‐like pterosaur Jianchangopterus zhaoianus gen. et sp. nov. is erected based on a almost complete skeleton with skull preserved. It is characterized by the following characters: seven and six pairs of upper jaw and lower jaw teeth respectively; the development of a recess on maxilla; the evenness of the dental margin in lateral view; a distinct central ridge along dorsal surface of the mandibular symphysis; wing phalanx 4 with strongly curved shaft approximately 96% the length of the wing phalanx 1. The discovery of a Sordes‐like pterosaur Jianchangopterus, and other taxa from the same formation indicates that pterosaurs reached great diversities during the Middle to Upper Jurassic period.
Two Lunar Mare Soil Simulants
Authors: LI Yongquan , LIU Jianzhong , ZOU Yongliao , OUYANG Ziyuan , ZHENG Yongchun , YUE Zongyu 
Published: October 2011

Abstract:Two new lunar mare soil simulants, NAO‐2 and NAO‐3, have been created in National Astronomical Observatories (NAO), Chinese Academy of Sciences. These two simulants were produced from low‐titanium basalt and high‐titanium basalt respectively. The chemical composition, mineralogy, particle size distribution, density, angle of internal friction, and cohesion of both simulants have been analyzed, indicating that some characteristics of NAO‐2 and NAO‐3 are similar to those of Apollo 14 and Apollo 11 landing site soils. NAO‐2 and NAO‐3 will be of great benefit to the scientific and engineering research on lunar soil.
Transnational Civic Education Inquiry in the Lands of Contention
Authors: Coleman Mary 
Published: October 2011

AbstractTransnational civic education as defined here refers to the systematic study of nations throughout the world as they struggle with lawlessness and recover governance values and ideas consistent with human dignity and the rule of law. Analytical reasoning is heralded as one approach to dissecting nations' civic cultures. One hundred Palestinian teachers examined the civic education documents and practices of seven nations, including Romania, the United States, and Palestine. They read original legal texts, conducted oral histories, learned content analysis, and learned horizontal human rights debate practices.