bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recurrent phosphaturic mesenchymal tumour of the temporal bone causing deafness and facial nerve palsy
Authors: Syed M I , Chatzimichalis M , Rössle M , Huber A M 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjective:We describe the first reported case of a phosphaturic mesenchymal tumour, mixed connective tissue variant, invading the temporal bone.Case report:A female patient presented with increasing deafness. On examination there appeared to be a mass behind an intact tympanic membrane. Further radiological investigation showed a vascular mass occupying the middle ear, mastoid and internal auditory meatus. This was surgically resected and revealed to be a benign phosphaturic mesenchymal tumour, mixed connective tissue variant. The tumour recurred a year later, presenting as facial nerve palsy. A revision procedure was carried out; the tumour was excised with the sacrifice of a segment of the facial nerve, and a facial-hypoglossal nerve anastomosis was performed.Conclusion:This case report highlights the occurrence of this benign but sometimes aggressive tumour, of which both clinicians and pathologists should be aware. Early recognition of the condition remains of utmost importance to minimise the debilitating consequences of long-term osteomalacia in affected patients, and to prevent extracranial and intracranial complications caused by the tumour.
Internal carotid artery aneurysm presenting as orofacial pain
Authors: Stone S J , Paleri V , Staines K S 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectives:We report a case of an internal carotid artery aneurysm presenting as orofacial pain.Method:Case report and discussion.Results:A 59-year-old patient presented with a four-year history of chronic oral pain accompanied by a right-sided occipital headache. No local organic pathology was detected, and a provisional diagnosis of persistent idiopathic facial pain was made. A neurosurgery referral was made to exclude neurovascular pathology, which resulted in the detection of an aneurysm originating from the right posterior communicating artery. This was successfully treated by coil embolisation, with subsequent resolution of symptoms.Conclusion:In this patient, an atypical history of pain with no other neurological signs or symptoms, other than accompanying occipital headache, led to the discovery of an intracranial aneurysm. This case highlights the need for appropriate referral and imaging in cases in which the clinical history and findings are not classical, and also emphasises the need for interdisciplinary management.
Age-Dependent Acoustic and Microelastic Properties of Red Blood Cells Determined by Vector Contrast Acoustic Microscopy
Authors: Mohamed Esam T. Ahmed , Kamanyi Albert E. , Pluta Mieczysław , Grill Wolfgang 
Published: May 2012

AbstractVariations of the mechanical properties of red blood cells that occur during their life span have long been an intriguing task for investigations. The research presented is based on noninvasive monitoring of red blood cells of different ages performed by scanning acoustic microscopy with magnitude and phase contrast. The characteristic signature of fixed cells from groups of three different ages fractionated according to mass density is obtained from the acoustic microscope images, with the data represented in polar graphs. The analysis of these data enables the determination of averaged values for the velocities of ultrasound propagating in the cells from the different groups ranging from (1,681 ± 16) m s−1in the youngest to (1,986 ± 20) m s−1in the oldest group. The determined bulk modulus varies with age from (3.04 ± 0.05) GPa to (4.34 ± 0.08) GPa. An approach to determine for an age-mixed population of red blood cells, collected from a healthy person, the age of the individual cells and the age dependence of the cell parameters including density, velocity, and attenuation of longitudinal polarized ultrasonic waves traveling in the cells is demonstrated.
OPTIMAL CONTROL OF MULTIPLE-TIME DELAYED SYSTEMS BASED ON THE CONTROL PARAMETERIZATION METHOD
Authors: GUI W. H. , SHEN X. Y. , CHEN N. , YANG C. H. , WANG L. Y. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIn this paper we study optimal control computation based on the control parameterization method for a class of optimal control problems involving nonlinear systems with multiple time delays subject to continuous state inequality constraints. Both the state and the control are allowed to have different time delays, and they are uncorrelated in this system. The control of the dynamical system is approximated by a piecewise constant function whose heights are taken as decision vectors. The formulae for computing the gradients of the cost and constraint functions are then derived. Based on this, a computational method for finding the optimal control is developed by utilizing the Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) algorithm with an active set strategy. The computational method is applied to an industrial problem arising in the purification process of zinc hydrometallurgy. Numerical simulation shows that the amount of zinc powder that is needed can be decreased significantly, thus avoiding wastage of resources.
High‐resolution projections of mean and extreme precipitation over Spain using the WRF model (2070–2099 versus 1970–1999)
Authors: Argüeso D. , Hidalgo‐Muñoz J. M. , Gámiz‐Fortis S. R. , Esteban‐Parra M. J. , Castro‐Díez Y. 
Published: May 2012

A set of eight simulations at high spatial resolution (10 km) were performed with WRF to generate future projections of mean and extreme precipitation over Spain. The model was driven with two GCMs (ECHAM5 and CCSM3.0) under the conditions of three SRES emissions scenarios (B1, A1B and A2) which amounts to six future (2070–2099) climate simulations. Two present (1970–1999) climate simulations forced by the same GCMs were previously completed and were used as a baseline to allow for comparison and quantify the changes. The annual and seasonal precipitation means were examined to elucidate how global warming will manifest in the future precipitation climatic means. The distribution of precipitation in different‐intensity events and the percentiles were calculated to further describe the nature of the changes. Additionally, a number of extreme indices were explored to determine changes in the low frequency events and the persistency of specific conditions. The results indicate that Spain might be exposed to a substantial decrease in annual precipitation that range between −18% and −42% depending on the simulation, with a particularly severe reduction during the summer, between −32% and −72%. These changes are generally caused by less light‐to‐moderate events, which leads to a displacement of the probability density function toward higher values. Namely, future climate might be characterized by less precipitation but more concentrated in extreme events, although their occurrence in absolute terms might not vary. The projections also suggest that, by the end of the century, the wet periods might be shorter and the dry spells significantly longer.
Chronostratigraphic framework for the IODP Expedition 318 cores from the Wilkes Land Margin: Constraints for paleoceanographic reconstruction
Authors: Tauxe L. , Stickley C. E. , Sugisaki S. , Bijl P. K. , Bohaty S. M. , Brinkhuis H. , Escutia C. , Flores J. A. , Houben A. J. P. , Iwai M. , Jiménez‐Espejo F. , McKay R. , Passchier S. , Pross J. , Riesselman C. R. , Röhl U. , Sangiorgi F. , Welsh K. , Klaus A. , Fehr A. , Bendle J. A. P. , Dunbar R. , Gonzàlez J. , Hayden T. , Katsuki K. , Olney M. P. , Pekar S. F. , Shrivastava P. K. , van de Flierdt T. , Williams T. , Yamane M. 
Published: May 2012

The Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 318 to the Wilkes Land margin of Antarctica recovered a sedimentary succession ranging in age from lower Eocene to the Holocene. Excellent stratigraphic control is key to understanding the timing of paleoceanographic events through critical climate intervals. Drill sites recovered the lower and middle Eocene, nearly the entire Oligocene, the Miocene from about 17 Ma, the entire Pliocene and much of the Pleistocene. The paleomagnetic properties are generally suitable for magnetostratigraphic interpretation, with well‐behaved demagnetization diagrams, uniform distribution of declinations, and a clear separation into two inclination modes. Although the sequences were discontinuously recovered with many gaps due to coring, and there are hiatuses from sedimentary and tectonic processes, the magnetostratigraphic patterns are in general readily interpretable. Our interpretations are integrated with the diatom, radiolarian, calcareous nannofossils and dinoflagellate cyst (dinocyst) biostratigraphy. The magnetostratigraphy significantly improves the resolution of the chronostratigraphy, particularly in intervals with poor biostratigraphic control. However, Southern Ocean records with reliable magnetostratigraphies are notably scarce, and the data reported here provide an opportunity for improved calibration of the biostratigraphic records. In particular, we provide a rare magnetostratigraphic calibration for dinocyst biostratigraphy in the Paleogene and a substantially improved diatom calibration for the Pliocene. This paper presents the stratigraphic framework for future paleoceanographic proxy records which are being developed for the Wilkes Land margin cores. It further provides tight constraints on the duration of regional hiatuses inferred from seismic surveys of the region.
Effect of calcitonin gene‐related peptide on osteoblast differentiation in an osteoblast and endothelial cell co‐culture system
Authors: Bo Yang , Yan Li , Gang Zhang , Tao Lei , Yinghui Tan 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWe have investigated the in vitro effects and regulatory mechanism of CGRP (calcitonin gene‐related peptide) on the differentiation of OB (osteoblasts) in co‐culture with HUVEC (human umbilical vein endothelial cells). Primary human MOB (mandibular OB) and OB‐like cells (MG‐63) were either cultured directly or indirectly co‐cultured with HUVEC at a 1:1 ratio. Expression of OC (osteocalcin) was measured by ELISA, and expression of ALP (alkaline phosphatase) and collagen mRNA was measured by quantitative fluorescent PCR. For mineralization nodus, OB were stained with Alizarin Red‐S. When co‐cultured with HUVEC, expression of OC and ALP mRNA were increased in MG‐63 (P<0.01), and the expression of OC, ALP and collagen mRNA were increased in MOB (P<0.01 or 0.05). When treated with CGRP, OC and ALP mRNA and mineralization nodus numbers were increased in the MG‐63 co‐culture system (P<0.01 or 0.05); OC, ALP and collagen mRNA, and mineralization nodus numbers were increased in the MOB co‐culture system (P<0.01 or 0.05). The effect of CGRP regulation on the differentiation of OB is not only direct but also indirect, via its effect on HUVEC and stimulation of OB.
Nanoresolution radiology of neurons
Authors: Wu H R , Chen S T , Chu Y S , Conley R , Bouet N , Chien C C , Chen H H , Lin C H , Tung H T , Chen Y S , Margaritondo G , Je J H , Hwu Y 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
We report recent advances in hard-x-ray optics—including record spatial resolution—and in staining techniques that enable synchrotron microradiology to produce neurobiology images of quality comparable to electron and visible microscopy. In addition, microradiology offers excellent penetration and effective three-dimensional detection as required for many neuron studies. Our tests include tomographic reconstruction based on projection image sets.
On the spatio-temporal development of pulsed barrier discharges: influence of duty cycle variation
Authors: Kettlitz M , Höft H , Hoder T , Reuter S , Weltmann K-D , Brandenburg R 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
The paper presents experiments on the spatial and temporal structure of the breakdown process of microdischarges (MD). For the first time simultaneous streak and iCCD images of individual filaments in a pulsed driven dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) with 1 mm gap in a gas mixture of 0.1 vol% O2 in N2 at atmospheric pressure are recorded. Furthermore current and voltage measurements with fast probes give access to the electrical discharge characteristics such as transferred charge and power. For asymmetric pulses there is a significant difference in the spatial structure as well as in the temporal behaviour of the MDs between the rising and the falling slopes of the high voltage pulse. If the time between rising and falling slopes is reversed all effects reverse as well. For symmetric pulses there are no significant differences between the MD at rising and falling slopes which is in accordance with a sinusoidal DBD operation.
Numerical modelling of the properties of an ion beam extracted from a low-pressure wire discharge
Authors: Gueroult R , Elias P Q , Packan D , Rax J M 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
The combination of a dedicated acceleration stage with direct extraction of ions from a low-pressure wire discharge enables one to generate a narrow band ion beam of tunable energy. In order to optimize this ion source concept, we conduct a numerical study emphasizing the main physical processes and the parameters controlling them. An analysis of the three-dimensional non-collisional ion trajectories inside the ion source reveals that the total beam current can be tuned by modifying the depth and radius of the diaphragm connecting the wire discharge chamber to the acceleration chamber, while the inter-electrode distance controls the beam focusing. A particle-in-cell (PIC) modelling of the beam acceleration and propagation indicates that, despite the low operating pressure (∼10−2 mbar), elastic and charge-exchange collisions are responsible for a decrease in the beam current by a factor of four. Charge-exchange collisions are also shown to be accountable for the existence of a low-energy ion population being non-uniform throughout a beam cross section.
Blockwise HMM computation for large-scale population genomic inference
Authors: Paul Joshua S. , Song Yun S. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Motivation: A promising class of methods for large-scale population genomic inference use the conditional sampling distribution (CSD), which approximates the probability of sampling an individual with a particular DNA sequence, given that a collection of sequences from the population has already been observed. The CSD has a wide range of applications, including imputing missing sequence data, estimating recombination rates, inferring human colonization history and identifying tracts of distinct ancestry in admixed populations. Most well-used CSDs are based on hidden Markov models (HMMs). Although computationally efficient in principle, methods resulting from the common implementation of the relevant HMM techniques remain intractable for large genomic datasets.
Results: To address this issue, a set of algorithmic improvements for performing the exact HMM computation is introduced here, by exploiting the particular structure of the CSD and typical characteristics of genomic data. It is empirically demonstrated that these improvements result in a speedup of several orders of magnitude for large datasets and that the speedup continues to increase with the number of sequences. The optimized algorithms can be adopted in methods for various applications, including the ones mentioned above and make previously impracticable analyses possible.
Availability: Software available upon request.
Supplementary Information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Contact: yss@eecs.berkeley.edu
Turning CALM into excitement: AP180 and CALM in endocytosis and disease
Authors: Maritzen Tanja , Koo Seong Joo , Haucke Volker 
Published: May 2012

AbstractDynamic flux of membrane between intracellular compartments is a key feature of all eukaryotic cells. Soluble N‐ethylmaleimide‐sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) play a crucial role in membrane dynamics by facilitating membrane fusion, for example at synapses where small synaptic vesicles (SVs) undergo activity‐regulated neuroexocytosis, followed by the endocytic re‐cycling of SV proteins and lipids. Recent work shows that the assembly protein 180 (AP180) N‐terminal homology (ANTH) domain containing proteins AP180 and clathrin assembly lymphoid myeloid leukaemia (CALM) not only regulate the assembly of the endocytic machinery but also act as sorters for a subset of SNAREs, the vesicle‐associated membrane proteins (VAMPs), most notably VAMP/synaptobrevin 2 at synapses. In this review, we summarise the current state of knowledge about the roles of AP180 and CALM family members in clathrin‐dependent membrane traffic, the molecular mechanistic basis for their activities and their potential involvement in human disease.
Patterns of toxicity and factors influencing severity in acute adult trimipramine poisoning
Authors: Gutscher Karen , Rauber‐Lüthy Christine , Haller Marina , Braun Michèle , Kupferschmidt Hugo , Kullak‐Ublick Gerd A. , Ceschi Alessandro 
Published: May 2012

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT• Trimipramine poisoning is a relatively frequent occurrence.• Although differences between tricyclic antidepressants in receptor affinity and adverse effects profile are documented, previous overdose studies mostly summarize all tricyclics or they only compare the fatality rate of different antidepressants including trimipramine.• The factors influencing the severity of trimipramine poisoning have not been previously investigated.WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS• We have demonstrated that trimipramine poisoning mainly occurs as a consequence of suicide attempts in young female patients and that moderate poisoning can already occur after ingestion of doses in the high therapeutic range.• We were able to identify a clear dose–effect relationship, a minimal dose for moderate and severe toxicity and the dose bearing a 50% risk of developing moderate or severe symptoms.• Our study suggests that patients with trimipramine poisoning might benefit from an early gastrointestinal decontamination.AIMS To analyze the clinical features of trimipramine poisoning, identify a minimal toxic dose, and the dose bearing a 50% risk of developing a moderate, severe or fatal outcome.METHODS All acute adult trimipramine monointoxications reported by physicians to the Swiss Toxicological Information Centre between January 1992 and December 2009 were identified.RESULTS Two hundred and thirty cases (26 confirmed and 204 probable) were analyzed, the mean age was 35.7 years and 74% were females. One hundred and thirty‐seven patients showed mild, 54 moderate and 21 severe symptoms. Three cases were fatal due to refractory cardiovascular collapse. Ninety‐three per cent of the events were attempted or completed suicides. The most common symptoms were central nervous system depression (79.2%), tachycardia (19.1%) and QTc prolongation (13.9%). The severity of poisoning depended significantly on the ingested dose (P < 0.001). The minimal dose for moderate symptoms was 250 mg (median dose 1.2 g) and 850 mg for severe symptoms (median dose 2.7 g). The dose for a 50% risk of developing a moderate, severe or fatal outcome was 5.11 g. In 38 patients early gastrointestinal decontamination was performed. Overall, these patients ingested higher trimipramine doses than the late‐ or not‐decontaminated patients (P= 0.113). The median doses were also higher in the decontaminated group within each severity category except in the fatal cases.CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that moderate trimipramine poisoning can already occur after ingestion of doses in the high therapeutic range. Poisoned patients have to be monitored for central nervous system depression, dysrhythmias and QTc prolongation. Early decontamination might be beneficial.
Perifosine plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone in relapsed and relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: a Phase I Multiple Myeloma Research Consortium study
Authors: Jakubowiak Andrzej J. , Richardson Paul G. , Zimmerman Todd , Alsina Melissa , Kaufman Jonathan L. , Kandarpa Malathi , Kraftson Stephanie , Ross Charles W. , Harvey Colleen , Hideshima Teru , Sportelli Peter , Poradosu Enrique , Gardner Lesa , Giusti Kathy , Anderson Kenneth C. 
Published: May 2012

SummaryThe combination of lenalidomide–dexamethasone is active in multiple myeloma (MM). Preclinical data showed that the Akt inhibitor, perifosine, sensitized MM cells to lenalidomide and dexamethasone, providing the rationale for this Phase I, multicentre, single‐arm study to assess the safety and determine the maximum‐tolerated dose (MTD) of perifosine–lenalidomide–dexamethasone in relapsed and relapsed/refractory MM. Patients received escalating doses of perifosine 50–100 mg daily and lenalidomide 15–25 mg once daily on days 1–21 of each 28‐d cycle, plus dexamethasone 20–40 mg weekly thereafter, as indicated. Thirty‐two patients were enrolled across four dose cohorts. MTD was not reached, with 31 patients evaluable for safety/tolerability. The most common all‐causality grade 1‐2 adverse events were fatigue (48%) and diarrhoea (45%), and grade 3–4 neutropenia (26%), hypophosphataemia (23%), thrombocytopenia (16%), and leucopenia (13%). Among 30 evaluable patients, 73% (95% confidence interval, 57·5–89·2%) achieved a minimal response or better, including 50% with a partial response or better. Median progression‐free survival was 10·8 months and median overall survival 30·6 months. Response was associated with phospho‐Akt in pharmacodynamic studies. Perifosine–lenalidomide–dexamethasone was well tolerated and demonstrated encouraging clinical activity in relapsed and relapsed/refractory MM.
Nordic MCL2 trial update: six‐year follow‐up after intensive immunochemotherapy for untreated mantle cell lymphoma followed by BEAM or BEAC + autologous stem‐cell support: still very long survival but late relapses do occur
Authors: Geisler Christian H. , Kolstad Arne , Laurell Anna , Jerkeman Mats , Räty Riikka , Andersen Niels S. , Pedersen Lone B. , Eriksson Mikael , Nordström Marie , Kimby Eva , Bentzen Hans , Kuittinen Outi , Lauritzsen Grete F. , Nilsson‐Ehle Herman , Ralfkiær Elisabeth , Ehinger Mats , Sundström Christer , Delabie Jan , Karjalainen‐Lindsberg Marja‐Liisa , Brown Peter , Elonen Erkki 
Published: May 2012

SummaryMantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a heterogenic non‐Hodgkin lymphoma entity, with a median survival of about 5 years. In 2008 we reported the early – based on the median observation time of 4 years – results of the Nordic Lymphoma Group MCL2 study of frontline intensive induction immunochemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), with more than 60% event‐free survival at 5 years, and no subsequent relapses reported. Here we present an update after a median observation time of 6·5 years. The overall results are still excellent, with median overall survival and response duration longer than 10 years, and a median event‐free survival of 7·4 years. However, six patients have now progressed later than 5 years after end of treatment. The international MCL Prognostic Index (MIPI) and Ki‐67‐expression were the only independent prognostic factors. Subdivided by the MIPI‐Biological Index (MIPI + Ki‐67, MIPI‐B), more than 70% of patients with low‐intermediate MIPI‐B were alive at 10 years, but only 23% of the patients with high MIPI‐B. These results, although highly encouraging regarding the majority of the patients, underline the need of a risk‐adapted treatment strategy for MCL. The study was registered at www.isrctn.org as ISRCTN 87866680.