bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term adefovir plus lamivudine therapy does not decrease creatinine clearance in HBeAg‐negative chronic hepatitis B patients
Authors: Manolakopoulos Spilios , Striki Athanasia , Deutsch Melanie , Mela Maria , Ketikoglou Ioannis , Tzourmakliotis Dimitrios , Manesis Emanuel K. , Papatheodoridis George V. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractBackground/AimsAs there are concerns about potential nephrotoxicity of nucleotide analogues, we evaluated renal function parameters during long‐term adefovir and lamivudine combination therapy.MethodsForty‐six HBeAg‐negative patients with lamivudine‐resistance treated with adefovir and lamivudine for up to 90 months were included. Renal function was assessed by estimated creatinine clearance (eCCR) and compared with a matched control group of untreated inactive hepatitis B virus carriers.ResultsSerum HBV DNA became undetectable in 39 (85%) patients after a mean of 37 ± 21 months. Three (6.5%) patients developed virological breakthrough. Adefovir resistance was detected in two patients. At the end of follow up, there was a significant decrease in mean eCCR (95 ± 31–83 ± 30 ml/min, P = 0.003) in the treated patients with 16% presenting aeCCR decrease >30%. Similar changes in eCCR were observed in the control group (108 ± 28–96 ± 26 ml/min, P = 0.003). In multiple regression analysis, age and baseline eCCR were independent predictors of eCCR reduction.ConclusionsAdefovir and lamivudine combination therapy is not an independent factor for significant renal dysfunction in HBeAg‐negative patients with lamivudine‐resistance. Baseline age and creatinine clearance are the only independent predictors of worsening renal function.
Multiple effects of honokiol on the life cycle of hepatitis C virus
Authors: Lan Keng‐Hsin , Wang Ying‐Wen , Lee Wei‐Ping , Lan Keng‐Li , Tseng Szu‐Han , Hung Li‐Rong , Yen Sang‐Hue , Lin Han‐Chieh , Lee Shou‐Dong 
Published: August 2011

AbstractBackgroundHonokiol, a small active molecular compound extracted from magnolia, has recently been shown to inhibit hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in vitro.AimsThis study further characterized aspects of the HCV lifecycle affected by the antiviral functions of honokiol.MethodsThe influence of honokiol on HCV infection, entry, translation and replication was assessed in Huh‐7.5.1 cells using cell culture‐derived HCV (HCVcc), HCV pseudo‐type (HCVpp) and sub‐genomic replicons.ResultsHonokiol had strong antiviral effect against HCVcc infection at non‐toxic concentrations. Combined with interferon‐α, its inhibitory effect on HCVcc was more profound than that of ribavirin. Honokiol inhibited the cell entry of lentiviral particles pseudo‐typed with glycoproteins from HCV genotypes 1a, 1b, and 2a, but not of the vesicular stomatitis virus. It had inefficient activity on HCV internal ribosome entry site (IRES)‐translation at concentrations with significant anti‐HCVcc effects. The expression levels of components of replication complex, NS3, NS5A and NS5B, were down‐regulated by honokiol in a dose‐dependent manner. It also inhibited HCV replication dose dependently in both genotypes 1b and 2a sub‐genomic replicons.ConclusionsHonokiol inhibits HCV infection by targeting cell entry and replication and, only at a concentration >30 μM, IRES‐mediated translation of HCV life cycle. Based on its high therapeutic index (LD50/EC90 = 5.4), honokiol may be a promising drug for the treatment of HCV infection.
In hemodialysis, adiponectin, and pro‐brain natriuretic peptide levels may be subjected to variations in body mass index
Authors: TRIMARCHI Hernan , MURYAN Alexis , DICUGNO Mariana , FORRESTER Mariano , LOMBI Fernando , YOUNG Pablo , POMERANZ Vanesa , IRIARTE Romina , BARUCCA Nanci , CAMPOLO‐GIRARD Vicente , ALONSO Mirta , LINDHOLM Bengt 
Published: August 2011

AbstractAdiponectin exerts cardiovascular protective actions, although some studies have shown the opposite. In hemodialysis, obese subjects display lower mortality rates despite hypoadiponectinemia, while higher adiponectin concentrations correlate with an elevated cardiovascular risk in nonobese subjects. The aim of the study is to suggest that adiponectin level variations are associated with differences in the body mass index (BMI). The interplay between adiponectin and pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (Pro‐BNP) levels may vary according to body fat mass. Fifty‐two chronic hemodialysis patients were divided into three groups. Group A, BMI<25 (n=20); Group B, BMI 25 to 30 (n=21), and Group C, BMI>30 (n=11). Diabetics: Group A 10%; Group B 6 29%; Group C 55%, P=0.027. Determinations: Adiponectin, Pro‐BNP, insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA), troponin T, nutritional status, ultrafiltration rates, C‐reactive protein (CRP), vascular accesses, and echocardiography. Group A: adiponectinemia positively and significantly correlated with Pro‐BNP, CRP, and troponin T. As BMI increased, adiponectin, Pro‐BNP, and malnutrition significantly decreased, while insulin, HOMA, and ultrafiltration rates significantly increased. Cardiac restriction was significantly higher in obese patients. In all groups, Pro‐BNP and troponin T displayed a strong positive correlation. In low‐BMI subjects, high Pro‐BNP and adiponectin, low myocardial restriction, and worse nutritional status were prevalent. In obesity, hypoadiponectinemia stimulates cardiac remodeling, cardiac hypertrophy, and decreased stretching, rendering Pro‐BNP levels low despite high ultrafiltration rates. Thus, adiponectin correlates inversely with BMI, probably playing different cardiovascular roles as BMI changes.
Dietary assessment of hemodialysis patients in Tehran, Iran
Authors: AS'HABI Atefeh , TABIBI Hadi , HOUSHIAR RAD Anahita , NOZARY HESHMATI Behnaz , MAHDAVI‐MAZDEH Mitra , HEDAYATI Mehdi 
Published: August 2011

AbstractInadequate dietary intakes are a major determinant of malnutrition in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Considering the lack of information available on dietary intakes of HD patients in Iran, the present study was designed to assess the dietary intakes of HD patients in Tehran, Iran. For this cross‐sectional study, from among adult HD patients of 50 Tehran hemodialysis centers, 291 patients were randomly selected. Dietary intakes of these patients were assessed using a 4‐day dietary recall. In addition, 4 mL of blood was obtained from each patient before dialysis to measure serum urea, creatinine, albumin, phosphorus, calcium, potassium, and high sensitive C‐reactive protein levels. Dietary intakes of energy, protein and fiber were lower than recommended intakes in 88%, 84.5%, and 99% of HD patients, respectively. There were significant associations between dietary energy intake with the patient's age (p < 0.05), and HD vintage (P < 0.001). In addition, a significant association was found between dietary protein intake and sex (P < 0.05). Intakes of vitamins B1, B2, B3, B6, B12, C, E, folic acid, and of the minerals calcium and zinc (from both the diet and supplements) were lower than recommended intakes in 13.5%, 41.5%, 19%, 66%, 61%, 78%, 77%, 24%, 34%, and 98.5% of HD patients, respectively. Inadequate intakes of energy and various nutrients are prevalent in HD patients in Tehran, Iran, which may contribute to increased morbidity and mortality in these patients. Therefore, nutrition counseling and the administration of vitamin and mineral supplements are necessary in Iranian HD patients.
Central zone of myocardial infarction: a neglected target area for heart cell therapy
Authors: Jin Peifeng , Wang Enshi , Wang Ye‐huan , Huang Weicong , Kuang Wenan , Sun Chengchao , Hu Shengshou , Zhang Hao 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the fate of transplanted cells in the central zone of myocardial infarction (MI), and to clarify the relationship between the injection‐site impact and the efficacy of cell therapy. MI was created by coronary ligation in female rats. Three weeks later, 3‐million labelled male bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were directly injected into the border (BZC group) or central zone (CZC group) of MI area. As a control, culture medium was injected into the same sites. Cell survival was evaluated by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction, and apoptosis was assayed with TUNEL and caspase‐3 staining. Four weeks after transplantation, heart function and cardiac morphometry were evaluated by echocardiography and Masson’s Trichrome staining, respectively. Angiogenesis and myogenesis were detected by immunofluorescence staining. After cell transplantation into the border or central zone, there was no cell migration between the different zones of MI. BMSCs in the CZC group exhibited no difference in apoptotic percentage, in the long‐term survival, when compared with those in the BZC group. However, they did effectively promote angiogenesis and cellular myogenic differentiation. Although cell delivery in the central zone of MI had no effect on the recovery of heart function compared with the BZC group, the retained BMSCs could still increase the scar thickness, and subsequently exhibit a trend in the reverse remodelling of ventricular dilation. Hence, we concluded that the central zone of MI should not be ignored during cell‐based therapy. Multiple site injection (border+central zone) is strongly recommended during the procedure of cell transplantation.
Injectable biodegradable hydrogels for embryonic stem cell transplantation: improved cardiac remodelling and function of myocardial infarction
Authors: Wang Haibin , Liu Zhiqiang , Li Dexue , Guo Xuan , Kasper F. Kurtis , Duan Cuimi , Zhou Jin , Mikos Antonios G. , Wang Changyong 
Published: August 2011

AbstractIn this study, an injectable, biodegradable hydrogel composite of oligo[poly(ethylene glycol) fumarate] (OPF) was investigated as a carrier of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) for the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI). The OPF hydrogels were used to encapsulate mESCs. The cell differentiation in vitro over 14 days was determined via immunohistochemical examination. Then, mESCs encapsulated in OPF hydrogels were injected into the LV wall of a rat MI model. Detailed histological analysis and echocardiography were used to determine the structural and functional consequences after 4 weeks of transplantation. With ascorbic acid induction, mESCs could differentiate into cardiomyocytes and other cell types in all three lineages in the OPF hydrogel. After transplantation, both the 24‐hr cell retention and 4‐week graft size were significantly greater in the OPF + ESC group than that of the PBS + ESC group (P < 0.01). Four weeks after transplantation, OPF hydrogel alone significantly reduced the infarct size and collagen deposition and improved the cardiac function. The heart function and revascularization improved significantly, while the infarct size and fibrotic area decreased significantly in the OPF + ESC group compared with that of the PBS + ESC, OPF and PBS groups (P < 0.01). All treatments had significantly reduced MMP2 and MMP9 protein levels compared to the PBS control group, and the OPF + ESC group decreased most by Western blotting. Transplanted mESCs expressed cardiovascular markers. This study suggests the potential of a method for heart regeneration involving OPF hydrogels for stem cell encapsulation and transplantation.
Development of the Dundee Caries Risk Assessment Model (DCRAM) – risk model development using a novel application of CHAID analysis
Authors: MacRitchie Heather M. B. , Longbottom Christopher , Robertson Margaret , Nugent Zoann , Chan Karen , Radford John R. , Pitts Nigel B. 
Published: August 2011

MacRitchie HMB, Longbottom C, Robertson M, Nugent Z, Chan K, Radford JR, Pitts NB. Development of the Dundee Caries Risk Assessment Model (DCRAM) – risk model development using a novel application of CHAID analysis. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2012; 40: 37–45. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/SAbstractObjectives:  To use a novel statistical analysis in the development of caries risk assessment models for preschool children for use in a particular community setting.Methods:  Data were collected longitudinally on a cohort of approximately 1500 children born in one calendar year in the city of Dundee, Scotland. A dental examination and oral microbiological saliva sample, together with parental and health visitor questionnaires, were completed for each child at ages 1, 2, 3 and 4 years. The 1‐year data were analysed using chi‐squared automated interaction detector analysis (CHAID) to produce a set of caries risk assessment models for predicting caries in 4‐year‐olds.Results:  Four risk models were developed using CHAID analysis for caries at 4 years of age using risk assessment data collected at age 1. These models included two ‘any’ caries–risk models (n = 697, dmft >0) and two ‘high’ caries–risk models (n = 784, dmft ≥3) depending on the use of the d1 (enamel and dentine) or d3 (dentine only) level of caries detection. The most appropriate model developed for use was shown to be the CHAID high caries–risk model at the d3 level of detection (d3mft ≥3). This had a sensitivity of 65% and specificity of 69%.Conclusions:  An appropriate risk assessment model for use in a particular community setting predicting caries at age 4 years from data collected at age 1 year was developed. This has been termed the Dundee Caries Risk Assessment Model.
Noninvasive biosensor for cathepsin L in the stratum corneum
Authors: Yamaguchi Masaki , Date Akira , Sasaki Makoto , Makino Teruhiko , Shimizu Tadamichi 
Published: August 2011

PurposeThe objective is to propose an on‐site testing biosensor of cathepsin L (CatL) activity in the stratum corneum, which can be used for the evaluation of skin conditions noninvasively and easily.MethodsThe biosensor comprises of a disposable test strip and a desktop‐sized reader (260 × 150 × 290 mm3, 1.9 kg), incorporating a charge‐coupled device image sensor (CCD) unit to measure the reflectance of the test strip. A novel immuno‐chromatographic test strip was proposed for CatL analysis in the stratum corneum. In order to realize the test strip, a colloidal gold technique was selected as the molecular recognition method for the CatL. A human skin sample was collected noninvasively by adhesive tape stripping.ResultsBased on optimal assay conditions, the sensitivity of the biosensor was evaluated. It required 10 min from a sample dropping to appear the test line on the test strip. The optical density was proportion to the CatL. Bioanalytical validation indicated that, within the biosensor's detection limit (172.2 μU/mL), its accuracy (R2 = 0.94), and precision (CV = 15%) approach more elaborate laboratory‐based analyzers. In addition, the truncated sampling‐reporting cycle (<15 min) allows speedy reporting of CatL levels.ConclusionIt was indicated that this noninvasive and easy‐to use biosensor might be a novel tool for the semi‐quantitative analysis of CatL in the stratum corneum.
Overdentures in the Edentulous Mandible Supported by Implants and Retained by a Dolder Bar: A 5‐Year Prospective Study
Authors: Heschl Alexander , Payer Michael , Clar Volker , Stopper Marlene , Wegscheider Walther , Lorenzoni Martin 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTPurpose: This prospective study was performed to evaluate the outcomes of XiVE® S plus implants (Dentsply Friadent, Mannheim, Germany) following conventional restoration with bar structures and overdentures in the edentulous mandible.Materials and Methods: A total of 39 patients were treated with four interforaminal implants (n = 156) splinted by a Dolder bar. Overdentures were attached to the bars after 3 months of healing. As primary outcome measures, clinical and radiological parameters were evaluated at the time of implant placement (baseline) and once a year (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 years) after functional loading. Secondary outcome measures included (i) primary stability and surgical complications, as well as (ii) Periotest® (Medizintechnik Gulden, Modautal, Germany) values, implant survival, and prosthetic complications at baseline and follow‐up.Results: A total of 156 implants were placed. The vast majority (n = 149) were tightened to >30 Ncm, while torques in the range of 20–30 Ncm were obtained in the remaining cases (n = 7). Mean crestal bone levels around the implants were 0.41 mm at baseline and 1.04/1.20/1.34/1.45/1.44 mm after 1/2/3/4/5 years respectively. The mean values of the plaque, calculus, bleeding, and mucosal indices remained low throughout this period. The reported follow‐up periods involved one implant loss after 3 months (survival rate: 99.4%) and one implant failure after 4 years (success rate: 98.4%). Prosthetic complications included factures of bars (n = 3) and denture teeth (n = 7). Prosthetic survival was 100%.Conclusions: Dolder bars to restore oral implants in the edentulous mandible appear to offer a high rate of implant survival, good stability of the peri‐implant tissue, and a low rate of prosthetic complications.
Long‐Term Function of Single‐Implant Restorations: A 17‐ to 19‐Year Follow‐Up Study on Implant Infraposition Related to the Shape of the Face and Patients' Satisfaction
Authors: Andersson Bernt , Bergenblock Sibel , Fürst Björn , Jemt Torsten 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTBackground: Various levels of infraposition of single‐implant restorations have been observed in long‐term follow‐up studies, but little knowledge is available on the biological mechanism behind this pattern.Purpose: The primary aim of this study is to report the frequency and severeness of implant infraposition in the anterior single‐implant application after 17 to 19 years in function and, secondly, to try to relate these observations to anatomical appearance of the shape of the face of the patient.Materials and Methods: The present study comprised of 57 patients who were provided with 65 CeraOne™ single‐tooth restorations (Nobel Biocare AB, Gothenburg, Sweden) between 1989 and 1991. Altogether 46 of these patients were treated with single implants in the anterior region. Besides clinical and radiographic data, clinical photographs, study casts, and patient's assessment of the long‐term aesthetic result (visual analog scale) was collected at the termination of the present study. The degree of implant crown infraposition was related to assessed facial shape and to patient and clinical assessment of the aesthetic result by means of Pearson's correlation test. To increase the numbers of patients, another group of 25 patients presented in another similar study were pooled with the present material for prevalence calculations.Results: Altogether 47 patients showed up for the final examination after an average of 18 years (82%). Two implants failed (18 years cumulative survival rates [CSR]– 96.8%) and eight original single‐crown restorations were replaced (CSR 83.8%). Three of the replaced crowns were replaced because of infraposition of the crowns. About 40% of the patients showed signs of infraposition, similar in younger and older age groups, but more frequently observed in female patients at termination of the study (p < 0.05). There was a weak trend indicating an association between “long‐face” appearance and infraposition of the crown restoration (p > 0.05), and patients were more satisfied with the aesthetic clinical result than the participating clinicians (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Single‐implant restorations in the anterior upper jaw may present small degrees of infraposition in long‐term perspectives. Female patients seem to be at a higher risk of infraposition (p < 0.05), but no clear relationship between age at implant placement or facial shape and degree of infraposition was possible to establish (p > 0.05). Patients were more satisfied with the aesthetic result, as compared with the clinicians (p < 0.05), and patients seemed to pay less attention to the degree of infraposition in their aesthetic assessments, as compared with most of the clinicians.
Clinical Similarities and Histological Diversity Comparing Fresh Frozen Onlay Bone Blocks Allografts and Autografts in Human Maxillary Reconstruction
Authors: Spin‐Neto Rubens , Landazuri Del Barrio Ricardo Andrés , Pereira Luis Antonio Violin Dias , Marcantonio Rosemary Adriana Chiérici , Marcantonio Elcio , Marcantonio Jr Elcio 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTBackground: In the absence of autologous bone for harvesting, fresh‐frozen bone allografts turned into an alternative for bone reconstruction procedures.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to make a histological analysis of fresh‐frozen onlay bone allografts (ALs), compared with autografts, in patients who needed maxillary reconstruction prior to dental implants placement.Materials and Methods: Twelve patients with bone deficiencies (width inferior to 4 mm) in the sites where the implants were planned were enrolled in the study. From these, six were elected to be treated with autogenous (AT) bone grafts and six with fresh‐frozen bone AL. This last group included the patients who had absence of a convenient amount of bone in donor sites. Each patient received from one to six graft blocks, totalling to 12 ATs and 17 ALs. Seven months after grafting procedures, biopsies of the grafts were made using 2‐mm internal diameter trephine burs, and processed for histological analysis. One biopsy was retrieved from each patient.Results: Clinically, all grafts were found to be firm in consistency and well‐incorporated to the receptor bed. Histological analysis showed a large amount of necrotic bone surrounded by few spots of new‐formed bone in the AL group, suggesting low rate of graft remodeling. In the AT group, an advanced stage of bone remodeling was seen.Conclusions: Human fresh‐frozen bone block AL showed clinical compatibility for grafting procedures, although associated to slow remodeling process. Further studies are needed to define, at long term, the remodeling process chronology the clinical longitudinal results for fresh‐frozen bone AL.
Prospective 10‐Year Cohort Study Based on a Randomized, Controlled Trial (RCT) on Implant‐Supported Full‐Arch Maxillary Prostheses. Part II: Prosthetic Outcomes and Maintenance
Authors: Fischer Kerstin , Stenberg Torsten 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTBackground: Long‐term follow‐up studies (i.e., over 5 years), focusing on prosthetic outcomes and maintenance of implant‐supported reconstructions in the edentulous maxilla, are scarce in the literature.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and report 10‐year data on outcomes and maintenance of screw‐retained implant‐supported full‐arch casted titanium‐resin prostheses in the edentulous maxilla.Materials and Methods: In the randomized control trial cohort of 24 patients, the outcome and maintenance of 23 bridges were registered.Results: One patient dropped out of the study prior to the 10‐year control. Of the 23 remaining patients, 21 still had their original frameworks; one framework fractured after 8 years and one was remade after 7 years to create better support for the acrylic. The remaining 23 prostheses showed criteria of success, survival, and failure in 9, 82, and 9%, respectively. Tightening of two assembly screws was necessary in one patient. No detrimental effects were seen because of long cantilever extensions or opposing dentition. A total of 4.7 resin‐related complications per prosthesis were observed; tooth fracture was the most common prosthetic complication. There was an indication of greater prevention in the number of resin‐related complications with the use of lingual gold onlay compared with a resilient mouth guard, 0.71 and 1.67, respectively per bridge. The bridges were removed and reinserted 0.83 times per patient. No abutment or abutment screw fractures were registered.Conclusion: Fracture or wear of the reconstruction materials were considered predictable risks when using resin‐based suprastructure materials. Status of opposing dentition and length of cantilevers did not confer additional risk. The use of a lingual gold onlay indicated prevention of resin‐related complications. Future research should focus on the suprastructure materials to predict better overall treatment results of implant‐supported full‐arch bridges in the edentulous maxilla.