bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The asymmetric expression of plasma membrane H+‐ATPase family genes in response to pulvinus‐driven leaf phototropism movement in Vitis vinifera
Authors: Zeng Fanwei , Feng Yongqing , Wang Tian , Ma Xiyuan , Jiao Shuzhen , Yang Shangwen , Shao Miao , Ma Zonghuan , Mao Juan , Chen Baihong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPhototropism movement is crucial for plants to adapt to various environmental changes. Plant P‐type H+‐ATPase (HA) plays diverse roles in signal transduction during cell expansion, regulation of cellular osmotic potential and stomatal opening, and circadian movement. Despite numerous studies on the genome‐wide analysis of Vitis vinifera, no research has been done on the P‐type H+‐ATPase family genes, especially concerning pulvinus‐driven leaf movement. In this study, 55 VvHAs were identified and classified into nine distinct subgroups (1 to 9). Gene members within the same subgroups exhibit similar features in motif, intron/exon, and protein tertiary structures. Furthermore, four pairs of genes were derived by segmental duplication in grapes. Cis‐acting element analysis identified numerous light/circadian‐related elements in the promoters of VvHAs. qRT‐PCR analysis showed that several genes of subgroup 7 were highly expressed in leaves and pulvinus during leaf movement, especially VvHA14, VvHA15, VvHA16, VvHA19, VvHA51, VvHA52, and VvHA54. Additionally, we also found that the VvHAs genes were asymmetrically expressed on both sides of the extensor and flexor cell of the motor organ, the pulvinus. The expression of VvHAs family genes in extensor cells was significantly higher than that in flexor cells. Overall, this study serves as a foundation for further investigations into the functions of VvHAs and contributes to the complex mechanisms underlying grapevine pulvinus growth and development.
Lipid and sugar metabolism play an essential role in pollen development and male sterility: a case analysis in Brassica napus
Authors: Xiao Lijing , Wang Xianya , Jiang Yingfen , Ye Botao , Yu Kunjiang , Wang Qian , Yang Xu , Zhang Jinze , Ouyang Qingjing , Jin Hairui , Tian Entang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimsThe genic male sterility (GMS) system is an important strategy for generating heterosis in plants. To better understand the essential role of lipid and sugar metabolism and to identify additional candidates for pollen development and male sterility, transcriptome and metabolome analysis of a GMS line of 1205AB in B. napus was used as a case study.Data resources generatedTo characterize the GMS system, the transcriptome and metabolome profiles were generated for 24 samples and 48 samples of 1205AB in B. napus, respectively. Transcriptome analysis yielded a total of 156.52 Gb of clean data and revealed the expression levels of 109,541 genes and 8,501 novel genes. In addition, a total of 1,353 metabolites were detected in the metabolomic analysis, including 784 in positive ion mode and 569 in negative ion mode.Key resultsA total of 15,635 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 83 differential metabolites (DMs) were identified from different comparison groups, most of which were involved in lipid and sugar metabolism. The combination of transcriptome and metabolome analysis revealed 49 orthologous GMS genes related to lipid metabolism and 46 orthologous GMS genes related to sugar metabolism, as well as 45 novel genes.Utility of the resourceThe transcriptome and metabolome profiles and their analysis provide useful reference data for the future discovery of additional GMS genes and the development of more robust male sterility breeding systems for use in the production of plant hybrids.
Decoding the molecular mechanism underlying salicylic acid (SA)‐mediated plant immunity: an integrated overview from its biosynthesis to the mode of action
Authors: Roychowdhury Rajib , Mishra Sapna , Anand Gautam , Dalal Debalika , Gupta Rupali , Kumar Ajay , Gupta Ravi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSalicylic acid (SA) is an important phytohormone, well‐known for its regulatory role in shaping plant immune responses. In recent years, significant progress has been made in unravelling the molecular mechanisms underlying SA biosynthesis, perception, and downstream signalling cascades. Through the concerted efforts employing genetic, biochemical, and omics approaches, our understanding of SA‐mediated defence responses has undergone remarkable expansion. In general, following SA biosynthesis through Avr effectors of the pathogens, newly synthesized SA undergoes various biochemical changes to achieve its active/inactive forms (e.g. methyl salicylate). The activated SA subsequently triggers signalling pathways associated with the perception of pathogen‐derived signals, expression of defence genes, and induction of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) to tailor the intricate regulatory networks that coordinate plant immune responses. Nonetheless, the mechanistic understanding of SA‐mediated plant immune regulation is currently limited because of its crosstalk with other signalling networks, which makes understanding this hormone signalling more challenging. This comprehensive review aims to provide an integrated overview of SA‐mediated plant immunity, deriving current knowledge from diverse research outcomes. Through the integration of case studies, experimental evidence, and emerging trends, this review offers insights into the regulatory mechanisms governing SA‐mediated immunity and signalling. Additionally, this review discusses the potential applications of SA‐mediated defence strategies in crop improvement, disease management, and sustainable agricultural practices.
The right to climate protection and the essentially comparable protection of fundamental rights: Applying Solange in European climate change litigation?
Authors: Kalis Michael , Priebe Anna‐Lena 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn an action for annulment against the European Union (EU) Emissions Trading Directive, both the EU General Court and the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) found the claim to be inadmissible because the applicants did not satisfy the infamous Plaumann criteria. Conversely, at the national level, the German Federal Constitutional Court (GFCC) accepted to decide on a claim by individuals arguing that the German Climate Protection Act violated their fundamental rights. In its decision, the GFCC makes far‐reaching statements on the protection of fundamental rights in times of global climate change. Some might even argue the GFCC established a fundamental right to climate protection. By contrast, the CJEU did not yet decide on the effective protection of intertemporal rights or a right to climate protection respectively. Almost 50 years after the Solange I decision, one must ask whether there is a substantial deficit of fundamental rights protection at the EU level.
International reserves accumulation and monetary policy autonomy: A nonlinear approach
Authors: Lamagnere Théo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this article, the relationship between international reserves and monetary autonomy in 21 emerging countries during the period 1999–2019 is investigated. Using a nonlinear panel analysis, we find that international reserves begin to have a positive effect on monetary autonomy when the ratio of international reserves to GDP is around 22%–23%. This result implies that the levels of international reserves are not necessarily excessive in most emerging countries and appear appropriate for supporting their monetary autonomy. Above this threshold, we also identify that the exchange rate regime and financial liberalization are no longer constraints for monetary autonomy. This result suggests a partial validity of the trilemma in emerging countries, with that validity depending on the level of international reserves.
Farm Labor Shortage in the Pennsylvania Mushroom Industry: A Gender‐Sensitive Comparison of Farmer and Farmworker Perspectives☆
Authors: Sexsmith Kathleen , Huerta‐Arredondo Ilse , Gorgo‐Simcox Maria , Palacios Effie , Griffin Megan A. M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractU.S. farmers are facing a widespread labor shortage. Previous literature on the causes, mostly written by agricultural economists, has focused on the macro‐economic and political factors that have reduced the traditional agricultural labor supply from rural Latin America. In this article, we present a sociological approach that probes the settlement of immigrant farmworkers in rural communities and their associated family responsibilities as possible contributing factors to the farm labor shortage. We conducted online questionnaires with 23 mushroom farm and packing plant representatives and structured interviews with 105 women and men workers in the Pennsylvania mushroom industry. Our findings suggest that if compensation and scheduling were more amenable to raising families, the labor shortage would be less acute. Moreover, workers, particularly women, identified the need for more respectful treatment by their supervisors. We conclude that, while farm employers are taking measures to address these concerns, their efforts do not fully address the economic conditions and sense of disrespectful treatment that may contribute to the labor shortage. As a result, farm employers feel forced to turn to labor contracting services, whose practices may exacerbate the vulnerability of mushroom workers.
‘Old is gold’ does conventional test tube method still reign supreme? An immuno‐haematological survey of anti‐D detection and titration in ante‐natal cases among major hospitals across India
Authors: Pandey Prashant , Marik Arghyadeep , Tiwari Aseem , Das Sudipta Shekhar , Shastry Shamee , Chowdhry Mohit , Kumari Supriya 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionAnti‐D detection and titration plays a major role in RhD negative antenatal cases both, for monitoring maternal as well as fetal status as well as initiation of early therapeutic interventions, such as intra‐uterine transfusions (IUT) to improve maternal as well as fetal morbidity and mortality and reduce the adverse effects of haemolytic disease of fetus and newborn (HDFN). We conducted a survey focusing on the policies and procedures of anti‐D detection and titration among major tertiary care centres across India.MethodologyThe survey was drafted by a working group of transfusion medicine and immunohematology specialists from six different centres in India. Data were obtained via the use of an online questionnaire.ResultsResults were categorised into four categories, Hospital information, immuno‐haematological testing methodology, clinical significance of anti‐D testing and the role of transfusion medicine specialists. The survey highlighted the modalities as well as the methodologies of anti‐D detection and titration in antenatal women across different major tertiary care centres in India.ConclusionThis survey provided a unique snapshot of the prevalent methodologies being employed by major tertiary care centres across the country for detection and titration of anti‐D levels as well as the important role it plays in the therapy of affected antenatal women to minimise adverse effects on the fetus.
Perioperative transfusion study (PETS): Does a liberal transfusion protocol improve outcome in high‐risk cardiovascular patients undergoing non‐cardiac surgery? A randomised controlled pilot study
Authors: Ali Samir , Roubos Steven , Hoeks Sanne E. , Verbrugge Serge J. C. , Koopman‐van Gemert Ankie W. M. M. , Stolker Robert Jan , van Lier Felix 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundSmall studies have shown that patients with advanced coronary artery disease might benefit from a more liberal blood transfusion strategy. The goal of this pilot study was to test the feasibility of a blood transfusion intervention in a group of vascular surgery patients who have elevated cardiac troponins in rest.MethodsWe conducted a single‐centre, randomised controlled pilot study. Patients with a preoperative elevated high‐sensitive troponin T undergoing non‐cardiac vascular surgery were randomised between a liberal transfusion regime (haemoglobin >10.4 g/dL) and a restrictive transfusion regime (haemoglobin 8.0–9.6 g/dL) during the first 3 days after surgery. The primary outcome was defined as a composite endpoint of all‐cause mortality, myocardial infarction or unscheduled coronary revascularization.ResultsIn total 499 patients were screened; 92 were included and 50 patients were randomised. Postoperative haemoglobin was different between the intervention and control group; 10.6 versus 9.8, 10.4 versus 9.4, 10.9 versus 9.4 g/dL on day one, two and three respectively (p < 0.05). The primary outcome occurred in four patients (16%) in the liberal transfusion group and in two patients (8%) in control group.ConclusionThis pilot study shows that the studied transfusion protocol was able to create a clinically significant difference in perioperative haemoglobin levels. Randomisation was possible in 10% of the screened patients. A large definitive trial should be possible to provide evidence whether a liberal transfusion strategy could decrease the incidence of postoperative myocardial infarction in high risk surgical patients.
Use of Lomustine and Prednisolone as First‐Line Treatment in Canine Multicentric Lymphoma
Authors: Catalucci Chiara , Bianchi Marco Luigi , Treggiari Elisabetta , Pieri Marta , Ruess Katja , Valenti Paola 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTMultiagent chemotherapy is considered the most effective treatment for canine high‐grade lymphoma; however, due to cost and time requirements, single‐agent protocols have also been described. The aim of our study was to evaluate the outcome and prognostic factors of dogs affected by multicentric lymphoma treated with lomustine and prednisolone as first‐line treatment. Cases of medium‐large‐cell multicentric lymphoma treated with lomustine and prednisolone were included in the study. Response to therapy, time to progression (TTP), median disease‐free interval (MDFI) and median survival time (MST) were retrospectively described. Thirty cases were included. Eleven (36.67%) were T cell, 11 (36.67%) were B cell and 8 (26.66%) had unknown immunophenotype. The overall response rate (RR) was 87%, with 15 patients achieving CR (50%) and 11 patients PR (37%). The median TTP, MDFI and MST were 42, 63 and 90 days, respectively. The only factor significantly associated with MDFI and MST was the stage. Dogs with multicentric lymphoma treated with lomustine and prednisolone have lower RR, TTP, MDFI and MST compared with dogs receiving multiagent protocols. Based on the short‐lasting response, this study confirms that this protocol might have minimal utility beyond palliation.
Does high body mass index (>25 kg/m2) or weight (>80 kg) reduce the effectiveness of anti‐D prophylaxis in Rh(D)‐negative pregnant women? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ngan C. B. M. , Kaur R. , Jackson Denise E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesHaemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn (HDFN) occurs when maternal antibodies, often triggered by foetal antigens, destroy foetal and neonatal red blood cells. Factors like antibody strength, quantity and gestational age influence HDFN severity. Routine antenatal anti‐D prophylaxis (RAADP) has significantly reduced HDFN cases. However, the effect of overweight/obesity (body mass index [BMI] > 25/30 kg/m2) on anti‐D prophylaxis efficacy remains unclear. This systematic review will examine the impact of BMI on anti D prophylaxis effectiveness in Rh(D) negative pregnant women.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) protocols. We searched databases from 1996 to 2023, focusing on studies exploring the link between high BMI/weight and anti‐D serum levels in Rh(D)‐negative pregnant women with Rh(D)‐positive foetuses. Ten eligible studies were included, three suitable for meta‐analysis. Study quality was assessed using the Strengthening the Reporting Observation Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist. Statistical analyses included Pearson correlation coefficients and risk differences.ResultsOur meta‐analysis revealed a significant negative correlation (r = −0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.83 to −0.35, p = 0.007) between high BMI/weight and serial anti‐D levels in in Rh(D)‐negative pregnant women with Rh(D)‐positive foetuses. High BMI/weight had lower odds of serial anti‐D level exceeding 30 ng/mL (arcsine risk difference [ARD] = 0.376, 95% CI: 0.143–0.610, p = 0.002). Heterogeneity among studies was low (I2 = 0).ConclusionWhile our analysis suggests a potential linkage between high BMI/weight and reduced efficacy of anti‐D prophylaxis, caution is warranted due to study limitations. Variability in study design and confounding factors necessitate careful interpretation. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and refine clinical recommendations.
Haemodynamic, hormonal and renal actions of osteocrin in normal sheep
Authors: Scott Nicola J. A. , Prickett Timothy C. R. , Charles Christopher J. , Espiner Eric A. , Richards A. Mark , Rademaker Miriam T. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOsteocrin (OSTN) is an endogenous protein sharing structural similarities with the natriuretic peptides [NPs; atrial (ANP), B‐type (BNP) and C‐type (CNP) NP], which are hormones known for their crucial role in maintaining pressure/volume homeostasis. Osteocrin competes with the NPs for binding to the receptor involved in their clearance (NPR‐C). In the present study, having identified, for the first time, the major circulating form of OSTN in human and ovine plasma, we examined the integrated haemodynamic, endocrine and renal effects of vehicle‐controlled incremental infusions of ovine proOSTN (83–133) and its metabolism in eight conscious normal sheep. Incremental i.v. doses of OSTN produced stepwise increases in circulating concentrations of the peptide, and its metabolic clearance rate was inversely proportional to the dose. Osteocrin increased plasma levels of ANP, BNP and CNP in a dose‐dependent manner, together with concentrations of their intracellular second messenger, cGMP. Increases in plasma cGMP were associated with progressive reductions in arterial pressure and central venous pressure. Plasma cAMP, renin and aldosterone were unchanged. Despite significant increases in urinary cGMP levels, OSTN administration was not associated with natriuresis or diuresis in normal sheep. These results support OSTN as an endogenous ligand for NPR‐C in regulating plasma concentrations of NPs and associated cGMP‐mediated bioactivity. Collectively, our findings support a role for OSTN in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis.
Symmetry Criteria for the Equality of Interior and Exterior Shape Factors With Exact Solutions
Authors: McKee Kyle I. , Lienhard John H. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Lienhard (2019, “Exterior Shape Factors From Interior Shape Factors,” ASME J. Heat Mass Transfer-Trans. ASME, 141(6), p. 061301) reported that the shape factor of the interior of a simply-connected region (Ω) is equal to that of its exterior (ℝ2\Ω) under the same boundary conditions. In that study, numerical examples supported the claim in particular cases; for example, it was shown that for certain boundary conditions on circles and squares, the conjecture holds. In this paper, we show that the conjecture is not generally true, unless some additional condition is met. We proceed by elucidating why the conjecture does in fact hold in all of the examples analyzed by Lienhard. We thus deduce a simple criterion which, when satisfied, ensures the equality of interior and exterior shape factors in general. Our criterion notably relies on a beautiful and little-known symmetry method due to Hersch which we introduce in a tutorial manner. In addition, we derive a new formula for the shape factor of objects meeting our N-fold symmetry criterion, encompassing exact solutions for regular polygons and more complex shapes.
Machine Learning for Early Breast Cancer Detection
Authors: Chowdhury Nure Alam , Wang Lulu , Gu Linxia , Kaya Mehmet 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Globally, breast cancer (BC) remains a significant cause to female mortality. Early detection of BC plays an important role in reducing premature deaths. Various imaging techniques including ultrasound, mammogram, magnetic resonance imaging, histopathology, thermography, positron emission tomography, and microwave imaging have been employed for obtaining breast images (BIs). This review provides comprehensive information of different breast imaging modalities and publicly accessible BI sources. The advanced machine learning (ML) techniques offer a promising avenue to replace human involvement in detecting cancerous cells from BIs. The article outlines various ML algorithms (MLAs) which have been extensively used for identifying cancerous cells in BIs at the early stages, categorizing them based on the presence or absence of malignancy. Additionally, the review addresses current challenges associated with the application of MLAs in BC identification and proposes potential solutions.
Reliability and Validity of Predicted Performance in the Severe-Intensity Domain From the 3-Minute All-Out Running Test
Authors: Busso Thierry , Lloria-Varella Jaume , Sabater-Pastor Frederic 
Published: June 2024

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the reliability and validity of the predicted distance–time relationship in the severe-intensity domain from a 3-minute all-out running test (3MT). Methods: Twelve runners performed two 3MTs (test #1 and test #2) on an outdoor 400-m track after familiarization. Eighteen-hertz Global Positioning System data were used to estimate critical speed (CS) and distance covered above CS (D′). Time to cover 1200 and 3600 m (T1200 and T3600, respectively) was predicted using CS and D′ estimates from each 3MT. Eight runners performed 2 time trials in a single visit to assess real T1200 and T3600. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and standard errors of measurement were calculated for reliability analysis. Results: Good to excellent reliability was found for CS, T1200, and T3600 estimates from 3MT (ICC  > .95, standard error of measurement between 1.3% and 2.2%), and poor reliability was found for D′ (ICC = .55, standard error of measurement = 27%). Predictions from 3MT were significantly correlated to actual T1200 (r = .87 and .85 for test #1 and test #2, respectively) and T3600 (r = .91 and .82 for test #1 and test #2, respectively). The calculation of error prediction showed a systematic error between predicted and real T3600 (6.4% and 7.8% for test #1 and test #2, respectively, P < .01) contrary to T1200 (P > .1). Random error was between 4.4% and 6.1% for both distances. Conclusions: Despite low reliability of D′, 3MT yielded a reliable predicted distance–time relationship allowing repeated measures to evidence change with training adaptation. However, caution should be taken with prediction of performance potential of a single individual because of substantial random error and significant underestimation of T3600.