bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of trispiro[oxindole‐pyrrolidine]‐cyclopentanone‐isoxazolines by 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition
Authors: Li Xiaofang , Zheng Aiting , Liu Bin , Yu Xianyong , Yi Pinggui 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
magnified image The 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of an azomethine ylide generated by a decarboxylative route from sarcosine and isatin to 2,5‐bis(arylmethylidene)‐cyclopentanones afforded novel dispiro oxindole/pyrrolidines in moderate yields. Further cycloaddition of these dispiro oxindole/pyrrolidines with nitrile oxide afforded trispiro[oxindole‐pyrrolidine]‐cyclopentanone‐isoxazolines in moderate yields with high regio‐ and stereoselectivity. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2010).
Sulfamic acid‐catalyzed synthesis of 13‐aryl‐indeno[1,2‐b]‐naphtha[1,2‐e]pyran‐12(13H)‐ones under solvent‐free conditions
Authors: Wu Li Qiang , Li Wei Lin , Yan Fu Lin 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
magnified image The reaction of β‐naphthol with arylaldehydes and 2H‐indene‐1,3‐dione in the presence of sulfamic acid (3 mol %) under solvent‐free conditions led to 13‐aryl‐indeno[1,2‐b]naphtho[1,2‐e]pyran‐12(13H)‐ones in good yields. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2010).
Communication and documentation of preliminary and final radiology reports
Authors: Monico Edward , Schwartz Ian 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe “wet‐read” consultation has been defined as a rapid response to a clinical question posed by a physician to a radiologist. These preliminary interpretations are often not well documented, have poor fidelity, and are subject to modifications and revisions. Moreover, preliminary interpretations may be subject to reinterpretation through a variety of scenarios. Recent technological advances in radiology have further hindered the ability to harmonize differences between preliminary and final interpretations and communicate these differences to treating physicians. High‐fidelity simulation may represent a risk management strategy aimed at bridging the gap between radiology and communication technology.
The effect of muscle excursion on muscle recovery after tendon repair in a neglected tendon injury: A study in rabbit soleus muscles
Authors: Jeon Suk Ha , Chung Moon Sang , Baek Goo Hyun , Lee Young Ho , Gong Hyun Sik 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWe attempted to determine whether muscle excursion observed during operation can be a prognostic indicator of muscle recovery after delayed tendon repair in a rabbit soleus model. Eighteen rabbits underwent tenotomy of the soleus muscles bilaterally and were divided into three groups according to the period from tenotomy to repair. The tendons of each group were repaired 2, 4, and 6 weeks after tenotomy. The excursion of each soleus muscle was measured at the time of tenotomy (baseline), at 2, 4, 6 weeks after tenotomy, and 8 weeks after tendon repair. The amount of muscle recovery after tendon repair in terms of muscle excursion independently depended on the timing of repair and on the muscle excursion observed during repair. The regression model predicted that the muscle excursion recovered on average by 0.6% as the muscle excursion at the time of repair increased by 1% after adjusting for the timing of repair. This study suggests that measuring the muscle excursion during tendon repair may help physicians estimate the potential of muscle recovery in cases of delayed tendon repair. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:74–78, 2011
Physicochemical, textural and viscoelastic properties of palm diacylglycerol bakery shortening during storage
Authors: Cheong Ling‐Zhi , Tan Chin‐Ping , Long Kamariah , Affandi Yusoff Mohd Suria , Lai Oi‐Ming 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Diacylglycerol (DAG), which has health‐enhancing properties, is sometimes added to bakery shortening to produce baked products with enhanced physical functionality. Nevertheless, the quantity present is often too little to exert any positive healthful effects. This research aimed to produce bakery shortenings containing significant amounts of palm diacyglycerol (PDG). Physicochemical, textural and viscoelastic properties of the PDG bakery shortenings during 3 months storage were evaluated and compared with those of commercial bakery shortening (CS).RESULTS: PDG bakery shortenings (DS55, DS64 and DS73) had less significant increments in slip melting point (SMP), solid fat content (SFC) and hardness during storage as compared to CS. Unlike CS, melting behaviour and viscoelastic properties of PDG bakery shortenings remained unchanged during storage. As for polymorphic transformation, CS contained only β crystals after 8 weeks of storage. PDG bakery shortenings managed to retard polymorphic transformation for up to 10 weeks of storage in DS55 and 12 weeks of storage in DS64 and DS73.CONCLUSION: PDG bakery shortenings had similar if not better storage stability as compared to CS. This is mainly due to the ability of DAG to retard polymorphic transformation from β′ to β crystals. Thus, incorporation of DAG improved physical functionality of bakery shortening. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Dietary purines in vegetarian meat analogues
Authors: Havlik Jaroslav , Plachy Vladimir , Fernandez Javier , Rada Vojtech 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:
The meat alternatives market offers a wide range of products resembling meat in taste, flavour or texture but based on vegetable protein sources. These high protein–low purine foods may find application in a low purine or purine‐free diet, which is sometimes suggested for subjects with increased serum urate levels, i.e. hyperuricaemia.RESULTS:
We determined purine content (uric acid, adenine, guanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine) in 39 commercially available meat substitutes and evaluated them in relation to their protein content. Some of the products contained a comparable sum of adenine and hypoxanthine per protein as meat. Analysis of variance showed an influence of protein source used. Mycoprotein‐based products had significantly higher contents (2264 mg kg−1) of adenine and hypoxanthine per kg of 100% protein than soybean‐based products (1648 mg kg−1) or mixtures consisting of soybean protein and wheat protein (1239 mg kg−1).CONCLUSION: Protein‐rich vegetable‐based meat substitutes might be generally accepted as meat alternatives for individuals on special diets. The type of protein used to manufacture these products determines the total content of purines, which is relatively higher in the case of mycoprotein or soybean protein, while appearing lower in wheat protein and egg white‐based products. These are therefore more suitable for dietary considerations in a low‐purine diet for hyperuricaemic subjects. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Enhancement of antimicrobial and antimutagenic activities of Korean barberry (Berberis koreana Palib.) by the combined process of high‐pressure extraction with probiotic fermentation
Authors: Lee Hyeon‐Yong , He Xinlong , Ahn Juhee 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: To evaluate the combined effects of high pressure extraction (HPE) and probiotic fermentation on the antimicrobial and antimutagenic activities, Berberis koreana was subjected to 500 MPa for 30 min and then fermented with Bifidobacterium longum B6 (HPE‐BLF) and Lactobacillus paracasei (HPE‐LPF) at 37 °C for 6 days.RESULTS: The phenol content was significantly increased to 228 mg GAE g−1 by the HPE compared to the conventional extraction (CE, 188 mg GAE g−1). The HPE‐BLF and HPE‐LPF showed the highest antimicrobial activity (MIC < 4 mg mL−1) against β‐lactam antibiotic sensitive and resistant Staphylococcus aureus. No significant mutagenic effect was observed for CE, HPE, HPE‐BLF, and HPE‐LPF extracts. The highest antimutagenic activities against frame‐shift mutant Salmonella typhimurium were observed at the HPE‐LPF (82%), followed by the HPE‐BLF (77%).CONCLUSION: The combined HPE and fermentation process could be used as an alternative extraction method for improving the extraction efficacy of medicinal plants. The results will provide pharmaceutically useful information and potential direction for finding new drug sources from medicinal plants. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Prokaryotic expression and purification of Camellia sinensis polyphenol oxidase
Authors: Liu Jing‐wei , Huang You‐yi , Ding Jian , Liu Cong , Xiao Xiu‐dan , Ni De‐jiang 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) causes the postharvest loss of fruits and vegetables but is also a key factor in the quality development of tea. However, there are no reports on engineered active plant PPO purified from prokaryotic cells.RESULTS: In this study the ppo gene of about 1800 bp from Camellia sinensis cv. Yihongzao was successfully cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The PPOs purified from both the soluble fraction and the inclusion bodies showed activity. In addition, 1.0 × 10−7 mol L−1 Cu2+ and acidic conditions were found to be favourable for the engineered PPO catalysis of catechol oxidation.CONCLUSION: This paper represents the first report on C. sinensis ppo expression in E. coli and engineered active PPO purification. The results of the study provide a basis for the large‐scale preparation and application of PPO. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Observed and calculated 1H and 13C chemical shifts induced by the in situ oxidation of model sulfides to sulfoxides and sulfones
Authors: Dračínský Martin , Pohl Radek , Slavětínská Lenka , Buděšínský Miloš 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA series of model sulfides was oxidized in the NMR sample tube to sulfoxides and sulfones by the stepwise addition of meta‐chloroperbenzoic acid in deuterochloroform. Various methods of quantum chemical calculations have been tested to reproduce the observed 1H and 13C chemical shifts of the starting sulfides and their oxidation products. It has been shown that the determination of the energy‐minimized conformation is a very important condition for obtaining realistic data in the subsequent calculation of the NMR chemical shifts. The correlation between calculated and observed chemical shifts is very good for carbon atoms (even for the ‘cheap’ DFT B3LYP/6‐31G* method) and somewhat less satisfactory for hydrogen atoms. The calculated chemical shifts induced by oxidation (the Δδ values) agree even better with the experimental values and can also be used to determine the oxidation state of the sulfur atom (S, SO, SO2). Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neue Wege zu Hochtemperatursupraleitern
Authors: Bäcker Michael , Schneller Theodor 
Published: July 2010

Abstract20 Jahre nach der Entdeckung keramischer Hochtemperatursupraleiter stehen energietechnische Systeme aus diesen Materialien vor dem kommerziellen Durchbruch. In naher Zukunft werden sie einen Beitrag zu Ressourcenschonung und Energieeffizienz leisten – mit Hilfe der Chemie.
Endostatin inhibits tumour lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis via cell surface nucleolin on lymphangiogenic endothelial cells
Authors: Zhuo Wei , Luo Chong , Wang Xiaofeng , Song Xiaomin , Fu Yan , Luo Yongzhang 
Published: July 2010

AbstractEndostatin has potent anti‐endothelial and anti‐angiogenic functions. Endostatin was reported to reduce lymphangiogenesis by down‐regulating the level of VEGF‐C in tumour tissues. However, there is little evidence for the direct function of endostatin on lymphangiogenic endothelial cells and lymphangiogenic vessels. Here, we report that cell surface nucleolin, which was reported as an endostatin receptor mediating its anti‐angiogenic and anti‐tumour functions, is also selectively expressed on the cell surface of lymphangiogenic endothelial cells both in vitro and in vivo. Treatment of primary mouse lymphatic endothelial cells (mLECs) by endostatin inhibits mLEC migration, tubule formation, and activation of the Erk pathway in mLECs, while neutralization of cell surface nucleolin or nucleolin knockdown results in loss of the anti‐lymphatic endothelial activities of endostatin. Also, anti‐nucleolin antibody or lentivirus delivered nucleolin siRNA abolishes the anti‐lymphangiogenic function of endostatin in the Matrigel plug assay. Endostatin remarkably inhibits tumour‐associated lymphangiogenesis, leading to reduced lymphatic metastasis. Systemic blockade of nucleolin notably abolishes the anti‐lymphangiogenic and anti‐lymphatic metastatic functions of endostatin. Importantly, endostatin does not affect quiescent lymphatics in normal organs, which is consistent with the lack of expression of cell surface nucleolin in quiescent lymphatics. Taken together, our results demonstrate that endostatin directly acts on lymphangiogenic endothelial cells via cell surface nucleolin, which provides a novel mechanism for the inhibition of tumour lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis by endostatin. Copyright © 2010 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Variation of non‐isothermal crystallization behavior of isotactic polypropylene with varying β‐nucleating agent content
Authors: Xu Linli , Zhang Xiuju , Xu Kai , Lin Shaoquan , Chen Mingcai 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe non‐isothermal crystallization behavior, the crystallization kinetics, the crystallization activation energy and the morphology of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) with varying content of β‐nucleating agent were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The DSC results showed that the Avrami equation modified by Jeziorny and a method developed by Mo and co‐workers could be successfully used to describe the non‐isothermal crystallization process of the nucleated iPPs. The values of n showed that the non‐isothermal crystallization of α‐ and β‐nucleated iPPs corresponded to a tridimensional growth with homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation, respectively. The values of crystallization rate constant showed that the rate of crystallization decreased for iPPs with the addition of β‐nucleating agent. The crystallization activation energy increased with a small amount (less than 0.1 wt%) of β‐nucleating agent and decreased with higher concentration (more than 0.1 wt%). The changes of crystallization rate, crystallization time and crystallization activation energy of iPPs with varying contents of β‐nucleating agent were mainly determined by the ratio of the content of α‐ and β‐phase in iPP (α‐PP and β‐PP) from the DSC investigation, and the large size and many intercrossing lamellae between boundaries of β‐spherulites for iPPs with small amounts of β‐nucleating agent and the small size and few intercrossing bands among the boundaries of β‐spherulites for iPPs with large amounts of β‐nucleating agent from the SEM examination. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
A proteomic approach towards the identification of the matrix protein content of the two types of microbodies in Neurospora crassa
Authors: Managadze David , Würtz Christian , Wiese Sebastian , Meyer Helmut E. , Niehaus Gerd , Erdmann Ralf , Warscheid Bettina , Rottensteiner Hanspeter 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMicrobodies (peroxisomes) comprise a class of organelles with a similar biogenesis but remarkable biochemical heterogeneity. Here, we purified the two distinct microbody family members of filamentous fungi, glyoxysomes and Woronin bodies, from Neurospora crassa and analyzed their protein content by HPLC/ESI‐MS/MS. In the purified Woronin bodies, we unambiguously identified only hexagonal 1 (HEX1), suggesting that the matrix is probably exclusively filled with the HEX1 hexagonal crystal. The proteomic analysis of highly purified glyoxysomes allowed the identification of 191 proteins. Among them were 16 proteins with a peroxisomal targeting signal type 1 (PTS1) and three with a PTS2. The collection also contained the previously described N. crassa glyoxysomal matrix proteins FOX2 and ICL1 that lack a typical PTS. Three PTS1 proteins were identified that likely represent the long sought glyoxysomal acyl‐CoA dehydrogenases of filamentous fungi. Two of them were demonstrated by subcellular localization studies to be indeed glyoxysomal. Furthermore, two PTS proteins were identified that are suggested to be involved in the detoxification of nitroalkanes. Since the glyoxysomal localization was experimentally demonstrated for one of these enzymes, a new biochemical reaction is expected to be associated with microbody function.
Early wheeze as reported by mothers and lung function in 4‐year‐olds. Prospective cohort study in Krakow
Authors: Jedrychowski Wieslaw , Maugeri Umberto , Perera Frederica P. , Mroz Elzbieta , Klimaszewska‐Rembiasz Maria , Flak Elzbieta , Edwards Susan , Majewska Renata , Sowa Agata 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to check the hypothesis that early wheezing as reported by mothers would be associated with reduced lung function in 4‐year olds. Study participants were recruited prenatally, as part of a prospective cohort study on the respiratory health of young children exposed to various ambient air pollutants. After delivery, infants were followed over 4 years and the interviewers visited participants at their home to record respiratory symptoms every 3 months in the child's first 2 years of life and every 6 months in the 3rd and 4th years. In the 4th year of follow‐up, children were invited for standard lung function testing by spirometry quantified by forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1), and forced expiratory volume in 0.5 sec (FEV0.5) levels. Out of 258 children attending spirometry testing 139 performed at least two acceptable exhalation efforts. Cohort children with acceptable spirometric measurements did not differ with respect to wheezing experience and exposure characteristics from those without. The study shows that episodic wheeze was reported in 28.1% of 4‐year olds, 6.5% had transient wheeze, and 4.3% had recurrent wheeze. There was an increased frequency of wheezing symptoms and their duration in transient and recurrent wheezers. Adjusted multivariable regression models for gender and height showed that children who reported more than two episodes of wheezing at any point over the follow‐up had FVC values lower by 120.5 ml (P = 0.016) and FEV1 values lower by 98.3 ml (P = 0.034) compared to those who did not report any wheezing; children experiencing more than 10 wheezing days by age 4 showed FVC deficit of 87.4 ml (P = 0.034) and FEV1 values of 65.7 ml (P = 0.066). The ratios of FEV1/FVC%, and FEV0.5/FVC% were neither associated with wheezing episodes nor wheezing days. In recurrent wheezers, lung function decrement amounted to 207 ml of FVC, 175 ml of FEV1, and 104 ml of FEV0.5. In conclusion, our findings show that wheezing experience during early postnatal life may be associated with lung function deficit of restrictive character in preschool children and detailed history of wheeze in early postnatal life, even though not physician‐confirmed, may help define the high risk group of children for poor lung function testing. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2010; 45:919–926. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Substituent Effects on Thermodynamic and Detonation Properties of Polynitrobenzenes
Authors: Liao Xin , Ju Xue‐Hai , Zhao Feng‐Qi , Yi Jian‐Hua 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDensity functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed for a series of polynitrobenzene derivatives. Some nitrobenzenes with amino groups attached were also investigated as a benchmark or as a precursor. Heats of formation (HOF) were evaluated. The isodesmic reactions used for the prediction of HOFs are of permutation type in terms of the substituents. The HOFs increase non‐additively with increasing number of nitro groups. The attachment of the amino groups to polynitrobenzenes dramatically decreases the HOF. The HOF of hexanitrobenzene (HNB) is 344.05 kJ mol−1 at the B3LYP/6‐311+G** level. This value is much larger than that of the widely used 1,3,5‐triamino‐2,4,6‐trinitrobenzene (TATB), which engenders HNB a large chemical energy of detonation. The strengths of the group interactions were analyzed according to the disproportionation energy. The nearest‐neighbor interactions in polynitrobenzenes are in the range of 27.20–55.90 kJ mol−1. The energy barrier for the internal rotation of nitro group in nitrobenzene is 24.6 kJ mol−1. However, the energy barrier for the internal rotation of 2‐position nitro group of 1,2,3‐trinitrobenzene is as large as 216.3 kJ mol−1. The chemical energies of detonation for polynitrobenzenes with three or more nitro groups are over 6000 J g−1. Pentanitroaniline and HNB have good performances in terms of detonation velocity and pressure.
Biological responses to glyphosate drift from aerial application in non‐glyphosate‐resistant corn
Authors: Reddy Krishna N , Ding Wei , Zablotowicz Robert M , Thomson Steven J , Huang Yanbo , Krutz L Jason 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Glyphosate drift from aerial application onto susceptible crops is inevitable, yet the biological responses to glyphosate drift in crops are not well characterized. The objectives of this research were to determine the effects of glyphosate drift from a single aerial application (18.3 m swath, 866 g AE ha−1) on corn injury, chlorophyll content, shikimate level, plant height and shoot dry weight in non‐glyphosate‐resistant (non‐GR) corn.RESULTS: One week after application (WAA), corn was killed at 3 m from the edge of the spray swath, with injury decreasing to 18% at 35.4 m downwind. Chlorophyll content decreased from 78% at 6 m to 22% at 15.8 m, and it was unaffected beyond 25.6 m at 1 WAA. Shikimate accumulation in corn decreased from 349% at 0 m to 93% at 15.8 m, and shikimate levels were unaffected beyond 25.6 m downwind. Plant height and shoot dry weight decreased gradually with increasing distance. At a distance of 35.4 m, corn height was reduced by 14% and shoot dry weight by 10% at 3 WAA.CONCLUSIONS: Corn injury and other biological responses point to the same conclusion, that is, injury from glyphosate aerial drift is highest at the edge of the spray swath and decreases gradually with distance. The LD50 (the lethal distance that drift must travel to cause a 50% reduction in biological response) ranged from 12 to 26 m among the biological parameters when wind speed was 11.2 km h−1 and using a complement of CP‐09 spray nozzles on spray aircraft. Published 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.