bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of outcome in acute traumatic central cord syndrome due to spinal stenosis
Authors: Aarabi Bizhan , Alexander Melvin , Mirvis Stuart E. , Shanmuganathan Kathirkamanathan , Chesler David , Maulucci Christopher , Iguchi Mark , Aresco Carla , Blacklock Tiffany 
Published: December 2010

Object
The objective of this study was to elucidate the relationship between admission demographic data, validated injury severity measures on imaging studies, and clinical indicators on the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) motor score, Functional Independence Measure (FIM), manual dexterity, and dysesthetic pain at least 12 months after surgery for acute traumatic central cord syndrome (ATCCS) due to spinal stenosis.

Methods
Over a 100-month period (January 2000 to April 2008), of 211 patients treated for ATCCS, 59 cases were due to spinal stenosis, and these patients underwent surgical decompression. Five of these patients died, 2 were lost to follow-up, 10 were not eligible for the study, and the remaining 42 were followed for at least 12 months.

Results
In the cohort of 42 patients, mean age was 58.3 years, 83% of the patients were men, and 52.4% of the accidents were due to falls. Mean admission ASIA motor score was 63.8 (upper extremities score, 25.8 and lower extremities score, 39.8), the spinal cord was most frequently compressed at skeletal segments C3–4 and C4–5 (71%), mean midsagittal diameter at the point of maximum compression was 5.6 mm, maximum canal compromise (MCC) was 50.5%, maximum spinal cord compression was 16.5%, and length of parenchymal damage on T2-weighted MR imaging was 29.4 mm. Time after injury until surgery was within 24 hours in 9 patients, 24–48 hours in 10 patients, and more than 48 hours in 23 patients. At the 1-year follow-up, the mean ASIA motor score was 94.1 (upper extremities score, 45.7 and lower extremities score, 47.6), FIM was 111.1, manual dexterity was 64.4% of baseline, and pain level was 3.5. Stepwise regression analysis of 10 independent variables indicated significant relationships between ASIA motor score at follow-up and admission ASIA motor score (p = 0.003), MCC (p = 0.02), and midsagittal diameter (p = 0.02); FIM and admission ASIA motor score (p = 0.03), MCC (p = 0.02), and age (p = 0.02); manual dexterity and admission ASIA motor score (p = 0.0002) and length of parenchymal damage on T2-weighted MR imaging (p = 0.002); and pain level and age (p = 0.02) and length of parenchymal lesion on T2-weighted MR imaging (p = 0.04).

Conclusions
The main indicators of long-term ASIA motor score, FIM, manual dexterity, and dysesthetic pain were admission ASIA motor score, midsagittal diameter, MCC, length of parenchymal damage on T2-weighted MR imaging, and age, but different domains of outcome were determined by different predictors.
A propos des Lettres d'Ignace d'Antioche
Authors: Wenger Antoine 
Published: December 2010

REB 29 (1971) France p. 313-316.
A. Wenger, A propos des Lettres d'Ignace df Antioche. — La thèse de R. Weijenborg met en cause l'authenticité des Lettres d'Ignace d'Antioche : la recension moyenne, considérée comme authentique, serait en réalité un dérivé de la recension longue. Cela paraît impossible, en particulier d'après la terminologie christologique dont on ne peut admettre qu'elle dérive de la recension longue (deuxième moitié du IVe siècle).
Les lettres de Grégoire, higoumène d'Oxia
Authors: Gautier Paul 
Published: December 2010

REB 31 1973 France p. 203-227
P. Gautier, Le dossier épistolaire de Grégoire, higoumène d'Oxia. — C'est une édition sans traduction de cinq lettres de Grégoire et d'une lettre de Théodore Prodrome, avec une notice biographique sur chacun des correspondants. On y apprend, entre autres choses, que Grégoire était le neveu de l'archevêque de Bulgarie, sans doute Jean Comnène, et qu'il fut higoumène du monastère d'Oxia, dit à tort du Bulgare, au milieu et dans la seconde moitié du XIIe siècle. Les correspondants de Grégoire sont peu connus.
Listes épiscopales du concile de Nicée (787)
Authors: Darrouzès Jean 
Published: December 2010

REB 33 1975 France p. 5-76
J. Darrouzès, Listes episcopates du concile de Nicée (787) . — Les listes conciliaires restent la source principale de la géographie ecclésiastique ancienne (jusqu'au IXe s.). Celles du concile de 787 portent témoignage de la situation particulière des évêchés de l'Illyricum avant leur intégration dans le système hiérarchique byzantin. L'étude de la répartition intérieure des suffragants par métropoles repose sur un tableau général des noms selon les diverses listes de présence et de signature ; les noms grecs de ce tableau sont reclassés dans un index alphabétique des sièges (en français). Malgré la médiocrité des éditions, l'utilisation de ces listes est possible à condition d'appliquer les critères de la hiérarchie des sièges.
Autogestion et privatisations en Yougoslavie
Authors: Drouet Michel 
Published: December 2010

Bien qu'ayant depuis les années 50 un marché des biens et services, le système économique yougoslave reste marqué jusqu'à la fin des années 80 par la propriété sociale des moyens de production. Ce régime de propriété serait à l'origine d'une relative inefficience dans l'affectation des ressources, notamment celle du capital (capacité d'autofinancement des entreprises réduite, persistance d'une contrainte budgétaire douce) d'où l'acuité du thème de la privatisation des actifs des entreprises.
Un programme de privatisation détermine les acteurs à l'origine du processus, les modalités du transfert des actifs (gratuit/payant, dans ce cas à quel prix) et le type d'actionnariat recherché (étranger/national, diffus/concentré). Les programmes définis en Yougoslavie jusqu'à l'été 1991 retiennent l'ensemble des modalités possibles hormis la distribution gratuite des actifs ; compte tenu de l'autogestion et de la faiblesse de l'épargne nationale, ils privilégient de fait l'actionnariat des salariés. En découlent la lenteur du processus de privatisation et des limites aux effets positifs attendus de la privatisation, ce qui conduit a remettre au premier plan la restructuration des entreprises demeurant sociales ainsi que la modification des relations, héritées de l'autogestion, des entreprises avec le secteur bancaire.
L'ordre social soviétique et l'économie administrée. Une grille utile pour l'analyse du post-communisme
Authors: Pouliquen Alain 
Published: December 2010

L'analyse de l'Economie de Type Soviétique (ETS) comme dysfonctionnement ou réalisation imparfaite de l'« Économie Centralement Planifiée » a beaucoup apporté à sa connaissance et à sa compréhension. En revanche, cette problématique évitait largement la question des voies et moyens, en réalité largement décentralisés, par lesquels l'ETS a positivement assuré longtemps sa cohérence, sa viabilité et son progrès.
La construction de l'« économie de la pénurie » (J. Kornaï et ses disciples) a ouvert ce champ à l'analyse économique en élucidant le rôle-clef joué, sur ce plan, par les ajustements et rétroactions de « pénurie », à l'œuvre à tous les niveaux de l'économie. Mais la qualité et l'orientation de ces auto-régulations décentralisées apparaissent comme hautement tributaires de celles des lois de comportement des acteurs économiques de tout niveau et de leurs relations sociales spécifiques, dont l'assemblage global compose l'« Ordre Social Soviétique ». Nos observations, comme les progrès de la sociologie non officielle de l'ère communiste à l'Est, nous indiquent que c'est en effet essentiellement en tant que sujets de cet ordre social que ces acteurs agissent.
Cette approche conduit à considérer cet ordre social comme le « système nerveux » décentralisateur et unificateur de l'ETS. Elle a des conséquences importantes pour l'analyse de celle-ci à l'époque communiste, mais aussi pour celle des décompositions et recompositions économiques du post-communisme.
Agir ou subir : les nomenklaturas polonaise et tchèque face à la grande mutation économique (1988-1993)
Authors: Mink Georges , Szurek Jean-Charles 
Published: December 2010

To act or to endure : the Polish and Czech nomenklaturas faced with major economic change (1988-1993).
The communist nomenklatura took the opportunity offered by the circumstances and their positions to profit by the change of regime - which, paradoxically, benefited them more than any other social group, even more than those on behalf of whom (workers, intellectuals) and by whom (human rights activists, democratic opposition, partisans of economic liberalism) the soviet-type social system was overthrown.
The authors conducted an empirical study (interviews with members of the former nomenklatura, converted to the private entreprise) in order to test the hypothesis of the existence of two different models of conversion, the first consisting in anticipation strategies (Hungary, Poland), the second in strategies of mere survival (Czech republic).
Structures et acteurs en République tchèque depuis 1989
Authors: Machonin Pavel , Tuček Milan 
Published: December 2010

The Czech Republic since 1989 : structures and actors.
The main aim of this article is to communicate the recent results of certain studies - or of analysis arising therefrom - which have been carried out on the structure of Czech society. In this way, the authors hope to give an exact outline of the new structure which is gradually taking shape during this first phase of post-communist transformation. For this purpose, they first of all go back to the end of the 1980' s, recalling what type of social structure it was that the Czech Republic began to break away from, and what were the underlying causes of this about-turn.
And again, who are the prime movers in this change, who cleared the way for society's current transformation ? A description of the characteristics of their group may serve as a succint summary of the social context within which political development has taken place over the last five years. It may also serve to highlight the social environment of new political élites. Finally, this article seeks to answer the following questions : are we seeing the emergence of a new social differentiation within the Czech Republic ? What are the factors having the most marked bearing on this ? Which social groups are « winners » and « losers » during the process of differentiation ? Is it already possible to identify the lineaments of these new social structures in more concrete terms ? What possible, and what probable, direction are society's efforts at restructuring likely to follow in the near future ?
La mobilité des élites scientifiques de l'Autre Europe : exode ou circulation ?
Authors: Morokvasic Mirjana 
Published: December 2010

Movement of scientific élites from the Other Europe : exodus or circulation ?
The aim of this text is to explain the dynamics of migration in which scientists from Central and Eastern Europe figure, sometimes prominently, as social actors and to suggest a typology of situations, given both the global and the specific transformations in that part of Europe since the fall of the Berlin Wall. The geographic field of our investigation was delineated by theoretical considerations about international migration in general, and the migration of "brains" in particular : the analysis centred on Poland, Russia, Croatia and Serbia and was based on the empirical evidence and secondary analyses available to us. Our research revealed certain overall tendencies : firstly, science seems to be everywhere in a paradoxical situation. Challenged by high expectations as an important factor of transformation, it is at the same time jeopardized in that same function by its own transformation ; whatever the country, the situation in which science finds itself, the status and working conditions of the scientists are the driving forces behind emigration (less massive than it is believed to be, internal migration being more frequent than emigration abroad). Secondly, as far as migration is concerned, the situation is different from that observed during the cold war period : the possibility to leave and to return, i.e. the chance to circulate, replaces a situation where, in most Central and Eastern European countries, emigration abroad implied expatriation for good. These global tendencies can, however, have a different meaning in each country. Our theoretical framework draws on the opposition between a dynamic approach to international migration versus the push-pull approach, and the "nationalist-internationalist" dilemma as far as brain drain and mobility are concerned. We have pinpointed two situations as "ideal types" : the first directly reflects the changes in Central and Eastern Europe, and is represented by Poland and Russia, where a relative freedom of movement is gradually replacing departures which used to be rare and permanent ; the second is one of confinement and restricted mobility, in other words a break between the worlds of departure and arrival, represented in this study by the former Yugoslav republics of Croatia and Serbia. Unlike the first situation, it takes the place of an earlier period of openness and relative freedom of circulation enjoyed by the citizens of former Yugoslavia. Our assumption was that, in the first case, the departure and the mobility of scientists contribute to the multiplication of links between Poland, Russia and the rest of Europe, whereas in the second, the departure of top scientists deprives the countries in question of an élite necessary for the rebuilding of the country and its democratization.
Assessment of left ventricular volumes, ejection fraction and mass
Authors: Gyöngyösi M. , Sochor H. , Maurer G. , Karanikas G. , Dudczak R. , Schuster E. , Porenta G. , Graf S. , Khorsand A. 
Published: December 2010

Summary
Aim: We compared and delineated possible differences of model-based analysis of ECGgated SPECT using 99mTc-sestamibi (Tc- SPECT) with ECG-gated 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose- PET (FDG-PET) for determination of enddiastolic (EDV) and end-systolic (ESV) cardiac volumes, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and myocardial mass (LVMM). Patients, methods: 24 patients (21 men; age: 54 ± 12years) with coronary artery disease underwent Tc-SPECT and FDG-PET imaging for evaluation of myocardial perfusion and viability. By using model-based analysis EDV, ESV, LVEF and LVMM were calculated from short axis images of both Tc-SPECT and FDGPET. Results: Left ventricular volumes by Tc- SPECT and FDG-PET were 176 ± 60 ml and 181 ± 59 ml for EDV, and 97 ± 44 ml and 103 ± 45 ml for ESV respectively, LVEF was 47 ± 8% by Tc-SPECT and 45 ± 9% by FDG-PET. The LVMM was 214 ± 40 g (Tc-SPECT) and 202 ± 43 g (FDG-PET) (all p = NS, paired t-test). A significant correlation was observed between Tc-SPECT and FDG-PET imaging for calculation of EDV (r = 0.93), ESV (r = 0.93), LVEF (r = 0.83) and LVMM (r = 0.72). Conclusion: ECG-gated Tc-SPECT and FDG-PET using two tracers with different characteristics (perfusion versus metabolism) showed close agreement concerning measurements of left ventricular volumes, contractile function and myocardial mass by using a model-based analysis.
Phenotypic Changes of Lymphocytes in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Who Are in Longterm Remission After B Cell Depletion Therapy with Rituximab
Authors: IWATA SHIGERU , SAITO KAZUYOSHI , TOKUNAGA MIKIKO , YAMAOKA KUNIHIRO , NAWATA MASAO , YUKAWA SONOSUKE , HANAMI KENTARO , FUKUYO SHUNSUKE , MIYAGAWA IPPEI , KUBO SATOSHI , TANAKA YOSHIYA 
Published: December 2010

Objective.Rituximab has recently emerged as a novel treatment strategy for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We investigated longitudinally the differentiation and phenotypic changes of peripheral B cells and T cells in patients with SLE after rituximab treatment.Methods.Phenotypic changes on B cells and T cells in 10 patients with SLE treated with rituximab were analyzed before, 28 days after, and 2 years after rituximab treatment, and at relapse.Results.Rituximab rapidly depleted naive and memory B cells from the peripheral blood. In the patients with prolonged remission, the memory B cells remained depleted while naive B cells recovered within 3–9 months, and the expression levels of CD40 and CD80 remained downregulated for 2 years. There was also a decrease of memory T cells relative to naive T cells, and the expression of CD40L and inducible costimulator (ICOS) on CD4-positive T cells rapidly decreased and remained downregulated for 2 years. In 1 patient, an increase in the number of memory B cells with upregulation of CD40 and CD80 expression was noted just before relapse. In another patient with relapse, however, recovery of CD4-positive memory T cells with upregulation of ICOS expression was noted, with no change in the number of memory B cells.Conclusion.Our results suggest that the phenotypic changes of peripheral B cells result in inhibition of T cell differentiation and activation mediated by B cells and thereby bring about longterm remission of SLE. Activated memory B cells or ICOS-positive CD4-positive memory T cells reappeared in association with relapse, probably reflecting the heterogeneity of SLE.
Benefits, Barriers, and Intentions/Desires of Nurses Related to Distance Learning in Rural Island Communities
Authors: Kataoka-Yahiro Merle R. , Richardson Karol , Mobley Joseph 
Published: December 2010

Background:
This study assessed distance learning needs among nurses on the Neighbor Islands in Hawaii.

Methods:
An exploratory study was conducted using a descriptive qualitative design. Of the 37 nurses who completed the study, 7 were nurse administrators and 30 were staff nurses. There were 18 focus groups of nurses recruited from six public hospitals on the Neighbor Islands.

Results:
Three major themes related to distance learning emerged in this study: benefits, barriers, and intentions/desires. Each major theme had several linkages to categories and subcategories.

Conclusion:
Overall findings were as follows: (1) cost was mentioned more often in three major thematic areas (benefit, barriers, and intentions/desires); (2) the need to revisit and address current curriculum approaches and practices in distance learning programs was identified; and (3) strong recommendations were made for programs and organizational support for distance learning in hospital settings. These findings have implications for nursing research, education, and practice.

J Contin Educ Nurs
2011;42(3):127–135.
Drug Noncompliance in Psychiatric Practice: A Review
Authors: Ali Shahid , Patel Tejas , Jabeen Shagufta , Bailey Rhan K. , Khan Jahanzeb Ali , Shahid Madiha 
Published: December 2010

CME Educational Objectives

1.
Cite reasons for noncompliance with the treatment in the patient population.

2.
Demonstrate how to increase overall compliance.

3.
Identify characteristics that classify a patient as noncompliant.
Posterior Soft Tissue Repair in Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Tarasevicius Sarunas , Robertsson Otto , Wingstrand Hans 
Published: December 2010

Posterior soft tissue repair is a well-known procedure in total hip arthroplasty (THA). Many reports have shown the advantage of posterior soft tissue repair in reducing the dislocation rate; however, we were unable to find any randomized trials in the literature. This article describes a randomized trial performed to investigate the effect of posterior soft tissue repair on the dislocation rate after 298 THAs in 291 patients.
Preoperatively, patients were randomized into 2 groups: posterior soft tissue repair after insertion of the components, or no posterior soft tissue repair. One year postoperatively, 12 patients had died and 10 were lost to follow-up, leaving 276 THAs in 265 patients for analysis. A posterior soft tissue repair had been performed in 134 and no repair in 141 THA.

One year postoperatively, 3 dislocations (2%) had occurred in the repaired group and 7 in the unrepaired group (5%); the difference was not significant (
P
=.3). There were 2 sciatic nerve palsies in the repaired group, 1 of which was directly related to the posterior soft tissue repair.

In this randomized, controlled trial of 276 THAs followed for 1 year, there was a tendency for a lower dislocation rate, although not statistically significant, when a posterior repair was performed. If reattaching the posterior tendons, it should be performed with caution with respect to the sciatic nerve.
Anterior Sacroiliac Dislocation
Authors: Feinblatt Jeff S. , Phieffer Laura S. , Lawyer Ruskin B. 
Published: December 2010

Although much has been written on the evaluation and management of pelvic ring injuries, only a single case of anterior sacroiliac joint dislocation exists in the literature and was reported in 1976. This article describes 2 additional cases, 1 of a pure anterior sacroiliac dislocation in a 25-year-old man, and 1 of an anterior sacroiliac fracture-dislocation in an 18-year-old man, each treated by a different orthopedic traumatologist at neighboring trauma centers. Both cases were the result of high-energy trauma, and both patients had significant complications resulting from severity of their injuries, including wound dehiscence and causalgia in 1 case and persistent L5-S1 paresthesias and paresis in the other.
Closed reduction can be attempted, but in our experience was unsuccessful even with the use of external fixation pins for leverage. We recommend open reduction by an orthopedic traumatologist who will perform definitive fixation. The decision to use an anterior external fixation frame to assist during the patient’s resuscitation should be based on the patient’s hemodynamic status and concomitant injuries. Despite a high complication rate, operative intervention can return patients to a functional level with minimal residual pain.
Corneal Wound Healing After Ultraviolet-A/Riboflavin Collagen Cross-Linking: A Rabbit Study
Authors: Salomão Marcella Q. , Chaurasia Shyam S. , Sinha-Roy Abhijit , Ambrósio Renato , Esposito Andrew , Sepulveda Ricardo , Agrawal Vandana , Wilson Steven E. 
Published: December 2010

Purpose:
To investigate corneal wound healing following ultraviolet-A (UVA)/riboflavin corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) in rabbit corneas.

Methods:
Thirty-six rabbits were enrolled in the study. Animals were divided into three treatment groups and corneas were analyzed at 24 hours and 4 weeks postoperatively. Thus, each group had 6 rabbits at each time point. Treatment groups were: 1) standard UVA+riboflavin CXL, 2) UVA alone, and 3) riboflavin alone. One eye of each rabbit served as an untreated control eye. TUNEL assay was performed to detect stromal cell apoptosis. Immunocytochemistry was performed to detect the inflammatory marker CD11b expressed in monocytes and the alpha-smooth muscle actin (SMA) marker expressed in myofibroblasts.

Results:
At 24 hours, corneas from the UVA+riboflavin CXL group had significantly more apoptosis than the UVA alone and riboflavin alone groups. Eyes from all three groups had significantly more inflammatory cell influx into the cornea than unwounded controls. Four weeks after the procedure, many corneas in the UVA+riboflavin CXL group had mild haze, but very few SMA-positive myofibroblasts could be detected in the central cornea.

Conclusions:
Riboflavin+UVA CXL triggers more anterior keratocyte apoptosis than corneal scrape with UVA alone or riboflavin alone. Inflammation monitored by the monocyte marker CD11b was present, but not statistically different among the three groups. Very little myofibroblast generation could be detected after UVA+riboflavin CXL, indicating that the mild stromal haze associated with this procedure is normally related to transient corneal fibroblast generation rather than more persistent haze due to generation of myofibroblasts.
Adaptation et réélaboration des sources dans la Crónica Troyana anonyme de 1490
Authors: Alchalabi Frédéric 
Published: December 2010

L’article revient sur l’écriture et les conditions de réception de la Crónica troyana anonyme de 1490. Le chroniqueur ne se contente pas de commenter ou de traduire ses sources, les Sumas de historia troyana de Leomarte et la Historia destructionis troiae de Guido delle Colonne. Au contraire, il les enrichit de références à la littérature chevaleresque. Comment interpréter ses modifications ?