bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A cross‐linking model for estimating Young's modulus of artificial bone tissue grown on carbon nanotube scaffold
Authors: PourAkbar Saffar Kaveh , Arshi Ahmad Reza , JamilPour Nima , Najafi Ahmad Raeisi , Rouhi Gholamreza , Sudak Les 
Published: March 2010

AbstractCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) provide a suitable environment for growth and proliferation of bone cells. The elastic properties exhibited by CNTs can enhance mechanical characteristics of bone mineral phase, hydroxyapatite (HAp), precipitated on such a scaffold. In this article, a simplified model for estimating the axial Young's modulus of a representative volume element (RVE) of CNT‐HAp composite is presented. The model is based on the idea of HAp formation on functionalized sites on CNTs as cross‐links between HAp matrix and CNT. Modeling results show that the reinforcement role contributed by CNT in the RVE causes a significant increase in the Young's modulus of the composite material which is a direct consequence of transferring stresses from the HAp matrix to the CNT through the cross‐links. Similar conclusions may be suggested regarding the improvement of overall mechanical properties of the material. The prediction made by the model lies reasonably well within the limits proposed by conventional Rule‐of‐Mixtures, and sliding below Voigt's model. The Young's modulus predicted by the model lies adjacent to the Hashin‐Shtrikman upper bound as a function of the RVE length (or equivalently CNT aspect ratio). The model simulation indicates that an increase in the CNT aspect ratio and/or number of cross‐links in the RVE, results in the prediction to move closer to the estimation made by Voigt as the assumption of perfect bonding between composite phases is approached. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010
A zeolite promoted expeditious one‐pot synthesis of 1‐arylmethyl‐4,5‐dihydro‐2‐aryl‐1H‐imidazole
Authors: Pagadala Ramakanth , Meshram Jyotsna S. , Chopde Himani N. , Panyala Nagender Reddy 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
magnified image A series of 1‐arylmethyl‐4,5‐dihydro‐2‐aryl‐1H‐imidazoles were synthesized expeditiously in good yields from 1,2‐diaminoethane and aromatic aldehydes in the presence of zeolite under microwave irradiation in the absence of solvent. The resulting substituted imidazoles are characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, elemental analysis, and mass spectral data. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2010)
Extension of a cascade reaction: Microwave‐assisted synthesis of the GFP chromophore derivatives
Authors: Jia Runhong , Yan Shu , Jiang Bo , Shi Feng , Tu Shu‐Jiang 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
magnified image A facile microwave‐assisted synthesis of imidazol‐5(4H)‐one derivatives is accomplished via reactions of 4‐arylmethylene‐2‐phenyloxazol‐5(4H)‐ones with urea (or ammonium acetate) in ethylene glycol. The cascade reaction is simple to perform and occurs under mild conditions with broad scope of applicability. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2010).
N‐Substituted pyrrole synthesis by Paal–Knorr condensation using recyclable cationic exchange resin in water
Authors: He Yan‐Hong , Wang Gang‐Qiang , Guan Zhi 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
magnified image Cationic exchange resin has been utilized for the first time as a novel and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of N‐substituted pyrroles from variety of 1,4‐diketones and aniline. This simple synthesis has been accomplished with excellent yields. The recovered catalyst can be reused for subsequent runs with only a gradual decrease in activity. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2010).
Synthesis of tetrahetrocyclic systems including pyrido[2′,3′:3,4]pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidine fused with pyrazole derivatives and isolated with 1,3,4‐oxa‐, thiadiazole, and 1,2,4‐tetrazole derivatives
Authors: El‐Essawy Farag A. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
magnified image A series of isolated and fused tetracyclic compounds, containing pyrido[2′,3′:3,4]pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidine linked with 1,3,4‐oxa‐, thiadiazole, 1,2,4‐tetrazole, and pyrazole derivatives were prepared by the reaction of 1,8,10‐trimethyl‐4‐oxo‐1,4‐dihydropyrido[2′,3′:3,4]pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidine‐3‐carboxylate and some common reagents to provide the product in satisfactory yields. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2010).
The assay of pterostilbene in spiked matrices by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and isotope dilution method
Authors: Mazzotti Fabio , Di Donna Leonardo , Benabdelkamel Hicham , Gabriele Bartolo , Napoli Anna , Sindona Giovanni 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPterostilbene (trans‐3,5‐dimethoxy‐4‐hydroxystilbene) is an active component found in several plant species, exhibiting important pharmacological properties. A new and reliable method of assaying this phyto compound in various matrices is presented; the assay is based on (1) the selectivity of liquid chromatography (LC) hyphenated with electrospray ionisation (ESI), (2) the specificity of a two‐step mass spectrometric analysis (MS/MS) and (3) the accuracy of the isotope dilution method. The labelled analogue may be conveniently synthesised in a few steps. The sensitivity of the method is confirmed by the very low limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) values achieved in the assay of pterostilbene in two distinct fortified matrices, and is further supported by the observed accuracy values. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recovery of logbooks and international marine data: the RECLAIM project
Authors: Wilkinson Clive , Woodruff Scott D. , Brohan Philip , Claesson Stefan , Freeman Eric , Koek Frits , Lubker Sandra J. , Marzin Catherine , Wheeler Dennis 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe RECovery of Logbooks and International Marine data (RECLAIM) project is a concerted, international effort to facilitate and encourage the recovery—through imaging and digitisation—of archived marine weather observations, platform and instrumental metadata and historical documentation, from many different countries. Non‐instrumental observations of wind and weather have been recorded in ships' logbooks for hundreds of years, augmented by systematic instrumental observations of sea surface and air temperatures, barometric pressure and other meteorological (and oceanographic) elements largely since the mid‐nineteenth century. Once digitised, these data are widely useful for climate studies and other avenues of scientific research—including oceanography, fisheries, maritime history and ecology—thus improvements seeking to address gaps and weaknesses in the currently available data record can be of major importance. In addition to documenting and prioritising archived ship logbook records for imaging and digitisation in support of that goal, RECLAIM provides expert assistance in the interpretation of historical marine records in relation to navigation, observational practices and recording. Since the project inception in 2005, RECLAIM has facilitated, for example, recovery of logbooks of the Dutch and English East India Companies in the nineteenth century, and of the British Royal Navy of the twentieth century. Currently the project website includes reference lists, rescued UK and US marine documents, extensive UK archive reports and detailed inventories of ship movements. A variety of other developing international linkages are discussed, including to Chilean, Dutch, French, German, Finnish, Norwegian, Swedish and US historical records. © Royal Meteorological Society and Crown Copyright 2010.
ICOADS Release 2.5: extensions and enhancements to the surface marine meteorological archive
Authors: Woodruff Scott D. , Worley Steven J. , Lubker Sandra J. , Ji Zaihua , Eric Freeman J. , Berry David I. , Brohan Philip , Kent Elizabeth C. , Reynolds Richard W. , Smith Shawn R. , Wilkinson Clive 
Published: March 2010

AbstractRelease 2.5 of the International Comprehensive Ocean‐Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) is a major update (covering 1662–2007) of the world's most extensive surface marine meteorological data collection. Building on extensive national and international partnerships, many new and improved contributing datasets have been processed into a uniform format and combined with the previous Release 2.4. The new data range from early non‐instrumental ship observations to measurements initiated in the twentieth century from buoys and other automated platform types. Improvements to existing data include replacing preliminary Global Telecommunication System (GTS) receipts with more reliable, delayed mode reports for post‐1997 data, and in the processing and quality control (QC) of humidity observations. Over the entire period of record, spatial and temporal coverage has been enriched and data and metadata quality has been improved. Along with the observations, now updated monthly in near real time, Release 2.5 includes quality‐controlled monthly summary products for 2° latitude × 2° longitude (since 1800) and 1° × 1° boxes (since 1960), together with multiple options for access to the data and products. The measured and estimated data in Release 2.5 are subject to many technical changes, multiple archive sources, and historical events throughout the more than three‐century record. Some of these data characteristics are highlighted, including known unresolved errors and inhomogeneities, which may impact climate and other research applications. Anticipated future directions for ICOADS aim to continue adding scientific value to the observations, products, and metadata, as well as strengthen the cooperative enterprise through expanded linkages to international initiatives and organisations. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Intercomparison of historical sea surface temperature datasets
Authors: Yasunaka Sayaka , Hanawa Kimio 
Published: March 2010

AbstractSeven historical sea surface temperature (SST) datasets are compared with each other: the Hadley Center sea ice and SST dataset (HadISST), version 1; the centennial in situ observation‐based estimate of SSTs (COBE); the extended reconstruction of global SST (ERSST), version 3; the optimal smoothing analysis by the Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO); the monthly summaries of the International Comprehensive Ocean‐Atmosphere Data Set Release 2.1 (ICOADS); the second Hadley Center SST (HadSST); and SSTs by the authors at Tohoku University (TOHOKU). Differences in 30‐year climatologies and standard deviations of anomalies from the climatologies exist, especially in observation‐sparse areas and periods. Correlation among the datasets mainly depends on the number of observational data. Global means from all datasets are consistent with each other except for those from ICOADS. Signals of the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) correlate highly with each other after 1880, although the durations and intensities of each event are different. Temporal variations of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) correspond well after 1950, become gradually worse backward in time and are scattered before 1880. These differences are ascribed to the use of different interpolation methods for missing grids, treatments of satellite‐derived data, instrumental bias correction methods and other factors. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency in three Greek patients with a common ancestral mutation
Authors: Pons Roser , Serrano Mercedes , Ormazabal Aida , Toma Claudio , Garcia‐Cazorla Angels , Area Estela , Ribasés Marta , Kanavakis Emmanuel , Drakaki Kaliopi , Giannakopoulos Aristotelis , Orfanou Irene , Youroukos Sotiris , Cormand Bru , Artuch Rafael 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe present the clinical, biochemical, and molecular findings of three Greek patients with tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) deficiency. All patients presented with a severe clinical phenotype characterized by prominent motor delay, infantile parkinsonism, oculogyric crises, and signs of autonomic dysfunction. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis disclosed reduced dopamine metabolites and normal pterins. Response to levodopa was favorable though not dramatic. All patients were homozygous for a previously reported mutation (p.L236P). SNP haplotype analysis was consistent with a common ancestral mutation, thus indicating a founder effect in Greek patients with TH deficiency. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Cathepsin B activity is related to the quality of bovine cumulus oocyte complexes and its inhibition can improve their developmental competence
Authors: Balboula A.Z. , Yamanaka K. , Sakatani M. , Hegab A.O. , Zaabel S.M. , Takahashi M. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractRecently, the quantity of cathepsin transcripts in cumulus cells was found to be associated with low‐developmental competence of bovine oocytes. In the present study, we investigated (1) the relation between cathepsin B activity and the quality of in vitro‐matured cumulus–oocyte complexes (IVM COCs) and denuded oocytes and (2) the effect of a cathepsin B inhibitor (E‐64) on embryo development and quality. The activity of cathepsin B was evaluated in IVM COCs and denuded oocytes. After maturation of COCs with or without E‐64, followed by in vitro fertilization, zygotes were cultured for 8 days. Cleavage and blastocyst rates were evaluated on days 2 and 8, respectively. Quality of embryos was evaluated by differential staining of day 8 blastocysts. TUNEL staining was conducted on IVM COCs and blastocysts. Cathepsin B activity was clearly detected in the low‐quality oocytes, and in the cumulus cells of both high‐ and low‐quality oocytes. This latter activity was diminished by addition of E‐64. The presence of E‐64 during IVM also significantly increased both the blastocyst rate and the total cell number, and improved blastocyst quality associated with a significant increase of trophoectoderm cells. TUNEL staining revealed that inhibition of cathepsin B significantly decreased the number of apoptotic nuclei in both the cumulus cell layer of matured oocytes and blastocysts. These results indicate that cathepsin B activity can be a useful marker of oocyte quality. Furthermore, inhibition of cathepsin B greatly improves the developmental competence of bovine oocytes and increases the number of high‐quality embryos. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 77: 439–448, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
CDK5 is present in sea urchin and starfish eggs and embryos and can interact with p35, cyclin E and cyclin B3
Authors: Lozano Jean‐Claude , Schatt Philippe , Vergé Valérie , Gobinet Jérôme , Villey Vincent , Peaucellier Gérard 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWhile most cyclin‐dependent kinases (CDKs) are involved in cell cycle control, CDK5 is mostly known for crucial functions in neurogenesis. However, we cloned sea urchin CDK5 from a two‐cell stage cDNA library and found that the protein is present in eggs and embryos, up to the pluteus stage, but without associated kinase activity. To investigate the potential for nonneuronal roles, we screened a starfish cDNA library with the yeast two‐hybrid system, for possible CDK5 partners. Interactions with clones expressing part of cyclin B3 and cyclin E proteins were found and the full‐length cyclins were cloned. These interactions were verified in vitro but not in extracts of starfish oocytes and embryos, at any stages, despite the presence of detectable amounts of CDK5, cyclin B3, and cyclin E. We then looked for p35, the CDK5‐specific activator, and cloned the sea urchin ortholog. A sea urchin‐specific anomaly in the amino acid sequence is the absence of N‐terminal myristoylation signal, but nucleotide environment analysis suggests a much higher probability of translation initiation on the second methionine(Met44), that is associated with a conserved myristoylation signal. p35 was found to associate with CDK5 and, when bacterially produced, to confer protein kinase activity to CDK5 immunoprecipitated from sea urchin eggs and embryos. However, p35 mRNA expression was found to begin only at the end of the blastula stage, and the protein was undetectable at any embryonic stage, suggesting a neuronal role beginning in late larval stages. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 77: 449–461, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Implementation fidelity in community‐based interventions
Authors: Breitenstein Susan M. , Gross Deborah , Garvey Christine A. , Hill Carri , Fogg Louis , Resnick Barbara 
Published: March 2010

AbstractImplementation fidelity is the degree to which an intervention is delivered as intended and is critical to successful translation of evidence‐based interventions into practice. Diminished fidelity may be why interventions that work well in highly controlled trials may fail to yield the same outcomes when applied in real life contexts. The purpose of this paper is to define implementation fidelity and describe its importance for the larger science of implementation, discuss data collection methods and current efforts in measuring implementation fidelity in community‐based prevention interventions, and present future research directions for measuring implementation fidelity that will advance implementation science.© 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 33:164–173, 2010
An introduction to genes, genomes and disease
Authors: Hall Peter A , Reis‐Filho Jorge S , Tomlinson Ian PM , Poulsom Richard 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe human and other genome projects and subsequent resequencing programmes have provided new perspectives on the nature of the gene and how genes function. Understanding the complexity of the eukaryotic nucleus and the diversity of genetic regulatory mechanisms, including the role of non‐coding RNAs, translational control mechanisms and the extraordinary prevalence of splicing, will be central to understanding how genes function, as will the recognition of gene dosage issues. This introduction to the 2010 Annual Review Issue, Genes, Genomes and Disease, provides overviews of these areas and then considers their relevance to a range of human diseases, including cardiovascular and renal disease, neural tube defects and cancer. The p53 gene is considered as an example of a massively regulated gene and the genetic perturbations in cancer are considered in a historical perspective. High‐throughput genomic and transcriptomic methods have led to a paradigm shift in the way cancers are perceived and have changed the way translational research is performed. The progress in our understanding of chromosomal rearrangements in cancer, once believed to be incredibly rare events in epithelial malignancies, is discussed. The identification of low‐penetrance cancer susceptibility genes through genome‐wide association studies and their implications are reviewed. The contribution and limitations of expression profiling are discussed. In the last series of reviews, future challenges are addressed: the promise of synthetic lethality strategies in cancer therapy, a case for ‘systems’ approaches to genetic networks and the potential of single molecule genetic technologies. Finally, the question ‘Does massively parallel DNA resequencing signify the end of histopathology as we know it?’ is posed. Readers should find that the 2010 Annual Review Issue is an invaluable resource on contemporary genetics and its applications to understanding disease. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
OVNIp: An open source application facilitating the interpretation, the validation and the edition of proteomics data generated by MS analyses and de novo sequencing
Authors: Tessier Dominique , Yclon Pascal , Jacquemin Ingrid , Larré Colette , Rogniaux Hélène 
Published: March 2010

AbstractSeveral academic software are available to help the validation and reporting of proteomics data generated by MS analyses. However, to our knowledge, none of them have been conceived to meet the particular needs generated by the study of organisms whose genomes are not sequenced. In that context, we have developed OVNIp, an open‐source application which facilitates the whole process of proteomics results interpretation. One of its unique attributes is its capacity to compile multiple results (from several search engines and/or several databank searches) with a resolution of conflicting interpretations. Moreover, OVNIp enables automated exploitation of de novo sequences generated from unassigned MS/MS spectra leading to higher sequence coverage and enhancing confidence in the identified proteins. The exploitation of these additional spectra might also identify novel proteins through a MS‐BLAST search, which can be easily ran from the OVNIp interface. Beyond this primary scope, OVNIp can also benefit to users who look for a simple standalone application to both visualize and confirm MS/MS result interpretations through a simple graphical interface and generate reports according to user‐defined forms which may integrate the prerequisites for publication. Sources, documentation and a stable release for Windows are available at http://wwwappli.nantes.inra.fr:8180/OVNIp.
Proteome analysis of fungal and bacterial involvement in leaf litter decomposition
Authors: Schneider Thomas , Gerrits Bertran , Gassmann Regula , Schmid Emanuel , Gessner Mark O. , Richter Andreas , Battin Tom , Eberl Leo , Riedel Kathrin 
Published: March 2010

AbstractFungi and bacteria are key players in the decomposition of leaf litter, but their individual contributions to the process and their interactions are still poorly known. We combined semi‐quantitative proteome analyses (1‐D PAGE‐LC‐MS/MS) with qualitative and quantitative analyses of extracellular degradative enzyme activities to unravel the respective roles of a fungus and a bacterium during litter decomposition. Two model organisms, a mesophilic Gram‐negative bacterium (Pectobacterium carotovorum) and an ascomycete (Aspergillus nidulans), were grown in both, pure culture and co‐culture on minimal medium containing either glucose or beech leaf litter as sole carbon source.P. carotovorumgrew best in co‐culture with the fungus, whereas growth ofA. nidulanswas significantly reduced when the bacterium was present. This observation suggests thatP. carotovorumhas only limited capabilities to degrade leaf litter and profits from the degradation products ofA. nidulansat the expense of fungal growth. In accordance with this interpretation, our proteome analysis revealed that most of the extracellular biodegradative enzymes (i.e.proteases, pectinases, and cellulases) in the cultures with beech litter were expressed by the fungus, the bacterium producing only low levels of pectinases.
Pathway Palette: A rich internet application for peptide‐, protein‐ and network‐oriented analysis of MS data
Authors: Askenazi Manor , Li Shaojuan , Singh Saurav , Marto Jarrod A. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractRecent improvements in proteomic technologies have collectively yielded data sets that far exceed the capabilities of typical low‐throughput interpretation strategies. Unfortunately, tools designed to leverage the “peptide‐centric” content of MS‐based proteomics lag the current rate of data production. Here, we describe Pathway Palette (http://blaispathways.dfci.harvard.edu), a freely accessible internet application that enables researchers to easily transition from peptides to biological pathways, while simultaneously retaining the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the underlying MS data.
Intent‐to‐treat analysis in the presence of off‐treatment or missing data
Authors: Keene Oliver N. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIntent‐to‐treat (ITT) analysis is viewed as the analysis of a clinical trial that provides the least bias, but difficult issues can arise. Common analysis methods such as mixed‐effects and proportional hazards models are usually labeled as ITT analysis, but in practice they can often be inconsistent with a strict interpretation of the ITT principle. In trials where effective medications are available to patients withdrawing from treatment, ITT analysis can mask important therapeutic effects of the intervention studied in the trial. Analysis of on‐treatment data may be subject to bias, but can address efficacy objectives when combined with careful review of the pattern of withdrawals across treatments particularly for those patients withdrawing due to lack of efficacy and adverse events. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.