bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrinsic performance loss rate: Decoupling reversible and irreversible losses for an improved assessment of photovoltaic system performance
Authors: Quest Hugo , Ballif Christophe , Virtuani Alessandro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSolar electricity is set to play a pivotal role in future energy systems. In view of a market that may soon reach the terawatt (TW) scale, a careful assessment of the performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems becomes critical. Research on PV fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) focuses on the automated identification of faults within PV systems through production data, and long‐term performance evaluations aim to determine the performance loss rate (PLR). However, these two approaches are often handled separately, resulting in a notable gap in the field of reliability. Within PV system faults, one can distinguish between permanent, irreversible effects (e.g. bypass diode breakage, delamination and cell cracks) and transient, reversible losses (e.g. shading, snow and soiling). Reversible faults can significantly impact (and bias) PLR estimates, leading to wrong judgements about system or component performance and misallocation of responsibilities in legal claims. In this work, the PLR is evaluated by applying a fault detection procedure that allows the filtering of shading, snow and downtime. Compared with standard filtering methods, the addition of an integrated FDD analysis within PLR pipelines offers a solution to avoid the influence of reversible effects, enabling the determination of what we call the intrinsic PLR (i‐PLR). Applying this method to a fleet of PV systems in the built environment reveals four main PLR bias scenarios resulting from shading losses. For instance, a system with increasing shading over time exhibits a PLR of −1.7%/year, which is reduced to −0.3%/year when reversible losses are filtered out.
Efficient delivery of the herbicide quinclorac by nanosuspension for enhancing deposition, uptake and herbicidal activity
Authors: Cheng Xuejian , Wang Aiping , Cao Lidong , Cao Chong , Zhao Pengyue , Yu Manli , Zheng Li , Huang Qiliang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe presence of barnyardgrass poses a threat to global food security by reducing rice yields. Currently, herbicides are primarily applied for weed management. However, the effectiveness of herbicide deposition and uptake on barnyardgrass is limited as a consequence of the high wax content on leaves, low water solubility and extreme lipophilicity of herbicides. Therefore, it is imperative to develop novel formulations for efficient delivery of herbicides to improve herbicidal activity and reduce dosage.RESULTSWe successfully prepared nanosuspension(s) (NS) of quinclorac through the wet media milling technique. This NS demonstrates excellent physical stability and maintains nanoscale during dose transfer. The deposition concentration and uptake concentration of NS on barnyardgrass were 3.84–4.47‐ and 2.11–2.58‐fold greater than those traditional formulations, respectively. Moreover, the NS exhibited enhanced herbicidal activity against barnyardgrass at half the dosage required by conventional formulations without compromising rice safety.CONCLUSIONSThese findings suggest that NS can effectively facilitate the delivery of hydrophobic and poorly water‐soluble herbicide active ingredients, thereby enhancing their deposition, uptake and bioactivity. This study expands the potential application of NS in pesticide delivery, which can provide valuable support for optimizing pesticide utilization, improving economic efficiency and mitigating environmental risks. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Clustering by Contour Coreset and Variational Quantum Eigensolver
Authors: Yung Canaan , Usman Muhammad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecent work has proposed solving the k‐means clustering problem on quantum computers via the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) and coreset techniques. Although the current method demonstrates the possibility of quantum k‐means clustering, it does not ensure high accuracy and consistency across a wide range of datasets. The existing coreset techniques are designed for classical algorithms, and there is no quantum‐tailored coreset technique designed to boost the accuracy of quantum algorithms. This study proposes solving the k‐means clustering problem with the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) and a customized coreset method, the Contour coreset, which is formulated with a specific focus on quantum algorithms. Extensive simulations with synthetic and real‐life data demonstrated that the VQE+Contour Coreset approach outperforms existing QAOA+Coreset k‐means clustering approaches with higher accuracy and lower standard deviation. This research demonstrates that quantum‐tailored coreset techniques can remarkably boost the performance of quantum algorithms compared to generic off‐the‐shelf coreset techniques.
A case of pneumomediastinum complicating immunotherapy associated pneumonitis
Authors: Carrozzi Anthony , Chu Rex , Nigole William , Goldman Hariette , Hope Serena , Li Richard , Archis Con 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe describe the case of an 87‐year‐old gentleman referred to a metropolitan hospital in Sydney with pneumomediastinum complicating immunotherapy associated pneumonitis and recent bronchoscopic intervention. The contribution of pneumonitis in the setting of interstitial lung disease has been well described to developing pneumomediastinum however this is less clear in the setting of immunotherapy associated pneumonitis and to what extent bronchoscopic intervention compounds this risk.
A longitudinal study of the relationships among competency‐based teasing, positivity, and depressive symptoms in Chinese children: Highlighting gender differences
Authors: Liang Zhaoyuan , Huebner E. Scott , Shao Shan , Tian Lili 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCompetency‐based teasing has been identified as a risk factor for children's depressive symptoms. However, the specific psychological mechanisms mediating this relationship are not well understood, especially in the context of Chinese culture. This study examined the relationship between competency‐based teasing, subsequent depressive symptoms, and the possible mediating role of positivity in Chinese children by using parallel process latent growth curve modelling. Gender differences were also explored. A sample of 4376 Chinese children (55.1% boys; age: M = 9.98 years, SD = 0.88) completed measurements of the relevant constructs on five occasions across 2 years, using half‐year intervals. The findings revealed that competency‐based teasing was significantly positively associated with subsequent depressive symptoms in Chinese children. Furthermore, positivity mediated this relationship in girls, but not in boys. The results suggest that positivity‐cultivating and gender‐specific interventions may be effective to reduce the risk of depressive symptoms in Chinese children.
Restructuring of Palladium Nanoparticles during Oxidation by Molecular Oxygen
Authors: Usoltsev Oleg , Stoian Dragos , Skorynina Alina , Kozyr Elizaveta , Njoroge Peter N. , Pellegrini Riccardo , Groppo Elena , van Bokhoven Jeroen A. , Bugaev Aram 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAn interplay between Pd and PdO and their spatial distribution inside the particles are relevant for numerous catalytic reactions. Using in situ time‐resolved X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) supported by theoretical simulations, a mechanistic picture of the structural evolution of 2.3 nm palladium nanoparticles upon their exposure to molecular oxygen is provided. XAS analysis revealed the restructuring of the fcc‐like palladium surface into the 4‐coordinated structure of palladium oxide upon absorption of oxygen from the gas phase and formation of core@shell Pd@PdO structures. The reconstruction starts from the low‐coordinated sites at the edges of palladium nanoparticles. Formation of the PdO shell does not affect the average Pd‒Pd coordination numbers, since the decrease of the size of the metallic core is compensated by a more spherical shape of the oxidized nanoparticles due to a weaker interaction with the support. The metallic core is preserved below 200 °C even after continuous exposure to oxygen, with its size decreasing insignificantly upon increasing the temperature, while above 200 °C, bulk oxidation proceeds. The Pd‒Pd distances in the metallic phase progressively decrease upon increasing the fraction of the Pd oxide due to the alignment of the cell parameters of the two phases.
Bilayer Interphase for Air‐Stable and Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Anode Cycling in Carbonate Electrolytes
Authors: Jeon A‐Re , Han Byeol Yi , Kwon Minhyung , Yu Seung‐Ho , Chung Kyung Yoon , Shim Jimin , Lee Minah 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe intrinsic reactivity of lithium (Li) toward ambient air, combined with insufficient cycling stability in conventional electrolytes, hinders the practical adoption of Li metal anodes in rechargeable batteries. Here, a bilayer interphase for Li metal is introduced to address both its susceptibility to corrosion in ambient air and its deterioration during cycling in carbonate electrolytes. Initially, the Li metal anode is coated with a conformal bottom layer of polysiloxane bearing methacrylate, followed by further grafting with poly(vinyl ethylene carbonate) (PVEC) to enhance anti‐corrosion capability and electrochemical stability. In contrast to single‐layer applications of polysiloxane or PVEC, the bilayer design offers a highly uniform coating that effectively resists humid air and prevents dendritic Li growth. Consequently, it demonstrates stable plating/stripping behavior with only a marginal increase in overpotential over 200 cycles in carbonate electrolytes, even after exposure to ambient air with 46% relative humidity. The design concept paves the way for scalable production of high‐voltage, long‐cycling Li metal batteries.
Antigravity Autonomous Superwettable Pumps for Spontaneous Separation of Oil–Water Emulsions
Authors: Wang Deqi , Huang Haikang , Min Fan , Li Yixuan , Zhou Wenting , Gao Yifeng , Xie Ganhua , Huang Zhongyuan , Dong Zhichao , Chu Zonglin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOil–water separation based on superwettable materials offers a promising way for the treatment of oil–water mixtures and emulsions. Nevertheless, such separation techniques often require complex devices and external energy input. Therefore, it remains a great challenge to separate oil–water mixtures and emulsions through an energy‐efficient, economical, and sustainable way. Here, a novel approach demonstrating the successful separation of oil–water emulsions using antigravity‐driven autonomous superwettable pumps is presented. By transitioning from traditional gravity‐driven to antigravity‐driven separation, the study showcases the unprecedented success in purifying oil/water from emulsions by capillary/siphon‐driven superwettable autonomous pumps. These pumps, composed of self‐organized interconnected channels formed by the packing of superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic sand particles, exhibit outstanding separation flux, efficiency, and recyclability. The findings of this study not only open up a new avenue for oil–water emulsion separation but also hold promise for profound impacts in the field.
A Triboelectric‐Electromagnetic Hybrid Nanogenerator with Magnetic Coupling Assisted Waterproof Encapsulation for Long‐Lasting Energy Harvesting
Authors: Ding Shuai , Zhai Hua , Tao Xinglin , Yang Peng , Liu Zhaoqi , Qin Siyao , Hong Zhanyong , Chen Xiangyu , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOcean energy harvesting based on a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has great application potential, while the encapsulation of triboelectric devices in water poses a critical issue. Herein, a triboelectric–electromagnetic hybrid nanogenerator (TE‐HNG) consisting of TENGs and electromagnetic generators (EMGs) is proposed to harvest water flow energy. A magnetic coupling transmission component is applied to replace traditional bearing structures, which can realize the fully enclosed packaging of the TENG devices and achieve long‐lasting energy harvesting from water flow. Under the intense water impact, magnetic coupling reduces the possibility of internal gear damage due to excessive torque, indicating superior stability and robustness compared to conventional TENG. At the waterwheel rotates speed of 75 rpm, the TE‐HNG can generate an output peak power of 114.83 mW, corresponding to a peak power density of 37.105 W m−3. After 5 h of continuous operation, the electrical output attenuation of TENG is less than 3%, demonstrating excellent device durability. Moreover, a self‐powered temperature sensing system and a self‐powered cathodic protection system based on the TE‐HNG are developed and illustrated. This work provides a prospective strategy for improving the output stability of TENGs, which benefits the practical applications of the TENGs in large‐scale blue energy harvesting.
Polymeric Cholesteric Superhelix Induced by Chiral Helical Polymer for Achieving Full‐Color Circularly Polarized Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence with Ultra‐High Dissymmetry Factor
Authors: Wang Xujie , Yang Kai , Zhao Biao , Deng Jianping 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCircularly polarized room‐temperature phosphorescence (CPRTP) simultaneously featuring multiple colors and extremely high dissymmetry factor (glum) is crucial for increasing the complexity of optical characteristics and advancing further development, but such a type of CPRTP is still unprecedented. The present work develops an effective and universal strategy to achieve full‐color CPRTP with ultra‐high glum factors in a polymeric cholesteric superhelix network, which is constructed by cholesteric liquid crystal polymer and chiral helical polymer (CHP). Taking advantage of the high helical twisting power of CHP, the resulting polymeric cholesteric superhelix network exhibits remarkable optical activity. Significantly, by adopting a simple double‐layered architectures consisting of the cholesteric superhelix film and phosphorescent films, blue‐, green‐, yellow‐, and red‐CPRTP emissions are successfully obtained, with maximum |glum| values up to 1.43, 1.39, 1.09 and 0.84, respectively. Further, a multilevel information encryption application is demonstrated based on the multidimensional optical characteristics of the full‐color double‐layered CPRTP architectures. This study offers new insights into fabricating polymeric cholesteric superhelix with considerable CPRTP performance in advanced photonic applications.
Assessment of PD‐L1 Expression in Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancers Using [68Ga]Ga‐DOTA‐WL12 PET/CT
Authors: Wu Yanfei , Xu Dong , Gu Yue , Li Guanglei , Wang Hao , Cao Min , Wei Weijun , Wan Posum , Guan Yihui , Chen Xiaofeng , Xie Fang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAssessing programmed death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) expression in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), particularly in metastatic cases, remains challenging. In this study, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis and [68Ga]Ga‐DOTA‐WL12 micro‐PET/CT imaging are performed. [68Ga]Ga‐DOTA‐WL12 PET/CT and [18F]FDG PET/CT are performed on a cohort of 20 patients with NSCLC. Semi‐quantitative assessments include SUVmax, metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), and target‐to‐background ratio (TBR). DOTA‐WL12 exhibits robust PD‐L1 binding with a KD value of 0.2 nM. Subsequent human studies reveal significant correlations between PD‐L1 expression and the [68Ga]Ga‐DOTA‐WL12 SUVmax in primary and metastatic lesions, surpassing the [18F]FDG results (r = 0.8889, p <0.0001 vs r = 0.0469, p = 0.8127). Notably, [68Ga]Ga‐DOTA‐WL12 imaging discerned SUVmax and TBR differences between PD‐L1 TPS ≤1% and PD‐L1 TPS > 1% groups (p all <0.001). In an NSCLC patient with brain metastases, [68Ga]Ga‐DOTA‐WL12 shows a SUVmean of 0.04 in the brain background, with TBR values of 17 and 23, underscoring its potential for detecting brain metastases. The study provides initial evidence for the clinical utility of [68Ga]Ga‐DOTA‐WL12 PET/CT for lesion detection, immunotherapy selection, and therapeutic efficacy evaluation in PD‐L1‐expressing NSCLC, demonstrating its potential as a valuable tool in NSCLC research and management.
Magnetically Guided Theranostics: Novel Nanotubular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast System Using Halloysite Nanotubes Embedded with Iron–Platinum Nanoparticles for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment
Authors: Chan Ming‐Hsien , Lee Chi‐Yu , Li Chien‐Hsiu , Chang Yu‐Chan , Wei Da‐Hua , Hsiao Michael 
Published: June 2024

Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) have a layered structure of clay silicate minerals and a tubular shape, which is suitable for the uniform loading of small substrates and drug molecules. The inner diameter of HNTs with an acidic solvent is selectively etched to increase the loading capacity of magnetic iron–platinum (FePt) nanoparticles. The FePt nanoparticles and etched HNTs (eHNT) are then composited by vacuum decompression. The resulting product is named FePt@eHNT and is used as a contrast agent for T2‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging. According to a comprehensive analysis of the material and its magnetic properties, by adding different proportions of HNTs before and after modification, the saturation magnetization can reach 23.769 emu g−1, which is higher than that of the composite materials studied in previous studies. This is because the tubular structure promotes the orderly displacement of the FePt nanoparticles under three‐dimensional space constraints and the uniform effect of the magnetic field. In addition, the magnetothermal effect of the composite material is observed and its potential as an imaging agent is investigated. In this study, the enhancement of its ferromagnetism and its potential to become a multifunctional composite material for applications in drug delivery, magnetic hyperthermia, and bioimaging is demonstrated.
The Apocynaceae TEN (Taxonomic Expert Network)
Authors: Liede‐Schumann Sigrid 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUsing the Apocynaceae as an example, the present paper demonstrates how the new tool Rhakhis highlights taxonomic problems in a large vascular plant family and, at the same time, invites specialists in the family to solve these problems with the aim of producing an up‐to‐date taxonomy. This taxonomy can then be used to estimate species and genus numbers, thus approaching the goal of completing our picture of the diversity surrounding us and providing a solid basis for science and conservation. The most recent estimates for genus and species number in the Apocynaceae are provided.
My most intense years: An autoethnographic analysis of language teacher identities and emotions of one dissertating (adjunct) language instructor
Authors: Anderson Roger W. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRevisiting his dissertation journal, the author undertook an autoethnographic study of that period in his life. As a full‐time student within a U.S. research university, he had funded his studies by teaching international teaching assistants and undergraduates learning French and Arabic. In this study, he used inductive analysis to explore his language teacher identity (De Costa & Norton, 2017) and language teacher emotion (Han et al., 2023). Three identities and two emotions emerged: a challenged time manager (1) and an aspiring professional instructor (2), and the related emotions of pride in observing his former students and efficacy in bridging his teaching undergraduates and grad students. Nonetheless, managing these roles sensitized him to (adjunct) coworkers' cynicism. He started to become a cynic (3), bringing emotion labor (Benesch & Prior, 2023). Findings confirmed language teacher emotion as relational and conjoined to language teacher identity. This study urges the field of Applied Linguistics to rectify its past omissions by acknowledging today's “invisible practitioners”: adjuncted language instructors.
Groundwater health risk assessment of North China Plain based on Monte Carlo model sensitivity analysis and morphological analysis: A case study of Shijiazhuang City
Authors: You Di , Zhou Yahong , Wang Bin , Li Kunyuan , Chang Ji Xuan , Lu Changyu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe rapid development of the social economy and the influence of human activities can lead to aggravated groundwater pollution. Groundwater safety is the premise of residents' health. Therefore, studying the sustainable utilization and health risks of groundwater quality is important. The groundwater quality and potential health risks were evaluated in the Shijiazhuang area, which is located in the North China Plain in this paper. Based on 159 groundwater samples collected in the study area, the potential health risks of As, Cr6+, Ni, Pb, F−, and NO3− to humans were evaluated from oral and skin contact. Results of the human health risk assessment showed that the average carcinogenic risk and non‐carcinogenic risk of children are higher than those of adults. According to the spatial distribution of the total risk value, adults and children in the southwest of the study area face higher risks. Because of the uncertainty of USEPA, Monte Carlo simulation was used to calculate the probability of health risk assessment and prioritization of contaminant treatment. The results of the Monte Carlo simulation showed that the acceptable range for children is 6.82%, and the acceptable range for adults is 18.07%. According to the HRWM model, carcinogenic pollutants mainly include As, Cr6+, and Ni. The most important chemical species of As is HAsO42−, followed by H2AsO4−. Similarly, CrO42− and Ni2+ are the main forms of Cr6+ and Ni. The results of this study can provide data support for the protection and management of groundwater quality in the North China Plain.Practitioner Points
Children are more susceptible to carcinogenic risk than adults.
After calculation, the main influencing elements are Ni and Cr.
Metal morphology analysis was carried out, and the results showed that HAsO42−, CrO42−, and Ni2+ were the main types.
Propagation of elastic waves in fibrous composite with general anisotropy from two families of obliquely inclined fibers
Authors: Sharma M. D. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAn isotropic elastic solid reinforced with two families of aligned fibres behaves anisotropic to any deformation. For arbitrary orientation of fibres in either family, one set of fibres may be inclined obliquely to the aligned fibres in other family. A plane that contains the two families of aligned fibres becomes the plane of symmetry for composite material to exhibit monoclinic anisotropy. For this fibrous anisotropy, a fourth‐order elastic tensor is derived to define the constitutive relations between stress tensor and strain tensor. Components of this elastic tensor involve two Lame's moduli, eight fibroelastic coefficients and the angular deviation between two obliquely inclined fibre‐families. The velocities of bulk waves are calculated for propagation along general direction in this anisotropic composite. Propagation of surface wave is considered along the stress‐free plane boundary of anisotropic elastic half‐space. In a coordinate system with coordinate planes deviating from the plane boundary of the medium and/or plane of anisotropic symmetry, the fibrous composite is treated as triclinic for mathematical convenience. Mathematical model is derived to calculate the phase velocity of the surface wave, which varies with direction on the plane boundary. Horizontal energy flux at the boundary is calculated to determine the group velocity and ray direction of the surface wave. Effects of fibre‐orientations are analysed, numerically, on the wave velocities and ray direction of surface wave.