bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental stress and psychosocial factors at work in relation to multiple‐site musculoskeletal pain: A longitudinal study of kitchen workers
Authors: Haukkal Eija , Leino‐Arjasl Päivi , Ojajärvil Anneli , Takalal Esa‐Pekka , Viikari‐Juntural Eira , Riihimäkil Hilkka 
Published: October 2010

AbstractAmong 385 female kitchen workers, we examined (1) whether mental stress and psychosocial factors at work (job control, skill discretion, supervisor support, co‐worker relationships, and hurry) predict multiple‐site musculoskeletal pain (MSP; defined as pain at ≥3 of seven sites) and (2) reversedly, whether MSP predicts these psychosocial factors. Data were collected by questionnaire at 3‐month intervals during 2 years. Trajectory analysis was applied. Four trajectories of MSP prevalence emerged: Low, Descending, Ascending, and High. For the psychosocial factors, a two‐trajectory model (Ascending or High vs. Low) yielded the best fit. In logistic regression analysis, with the Low MSP trajectory as reference, poor co‐worker relationships (odds ratio [OR] 3.9), mental stress (3.1) and hurry (2.1) at baseline predicted belonging to the High MSP trajectory. Also MSP at baseline predicted the trajectories (Ascending vs. Low) of low job control (2.2) and mental stress (3.2). Adverse changes in most psychosocial factors were associated with belonging to the High (ORs between 2.3 and 8.6) and Ascending (2.7–5.5) MSP trajectories. In generalized estimating equations, time‐lagged by 3 months, all psychosocial factors but two predicted MSP (1.4–2.1), allowing, e.g. for MSP at baseline, and vice versa, MSP predicted low job control, low supervisor support, and mental stress (1.4–2.0), after adjustment for e.g. the relevant psychosocial factor at baseline. In conclusion, we found that several psychosocial factors predicted MSP and that MSP predicted several psychosocial factors. The results suggest a cumulative process in which adverse psychosocial factors and MSP influence each other.
Complications of regional anesthesia
Authors: Horlocker Terese T. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPerioperative nerve injuries have long been recognized as a complication of regional anesthesia. Although severe or disabling neurologic complications are rare, recent epidemiologic series suggest the frequency of some serious complications is increasing. Risk factors contributing to neurologic deficit after regional anesthesia includes neural ischemia (hypothesized to be related to the use of vasoconstrictors or prolonged hypotension), traumatic injury to the nerves during needle or catheter placement, infection, and choice of local anesthetic solution. In addition, postoperative neurologic injury due to pressure from improper patient positioning or from tightly applied casts or surgical dressings, as well as surgical trauma are often attributed to the regional anesthetic. Patient factors such as body habitus and pre‐existing neurologic dysfunction may also contribute. The safe conduct of regional anesthesia involves knowledge of the laboratory studies, large patient series as well as individual case reports of neurologic deficits following regional anesthetic techniques. Prevention of complications, along with early diagnosis and treatment are important in the management of regional anesthetic risks.
Feasibility of pudendal nerve anesthetic block using fusion imaging technique in chronic pelvic pain
Authors: Zacchino Michela , Allegri Massimo , Canepari Mario , Minella Cristina E. , Bettinelli Silvia , Draghi Ferdinando , Calliada Fabrizio 
Published: October 2010

AbstractChronic perineal pain syndrome caused by pudendal nerve, is caused by the nerve entrapment between the sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments (interligamentous plane) at the ischial spine and in the Alcock's canal. Pain therapists approach the problem with peripheral nerve blocks. Needle placement is done by a fluoroscopic, computed tomography (CT) or ultrasound (US) guide. The first is unable to visualize the interligamentous plane and it exposes the patient to potentially harmful ionizing radiations. CT scan allows the visualization of the interligamentous space and of Alcock's canal, but it is lacking real‐time visual control. US alone ensures real‐time needle advancement and confirmation of injective spread within the interligamentous plane but it's usually combined with intraoperative fluoroscopy because at the depth of the ischial spine (usually more than 7 cm) the resolution should be suboptimal. We tried to improve pudendal anesthetic block using fusion real time imaging between US and CT. The system combines, in real time, US imaging with previous magnetic resonance (MR) or CT data. Imaging fusion is possible through the identification of anatomical landmarks of the same patient obtained by the different imaging modalities. Fusion imaging could help to avoid multiple exposures to ionizing radiations, improving costs and quality. We decided to verify the potential of this technique, normally employed to guide interventional imaging, to peripheral anesthetic block, testing its feasibility.
The contribution of a mobile mental health unit to the promotion of primary mental health in rural areas in Greece: A 2-year follow-up
Authors: Peritogiannis V. , Mantas C. , Alexiou D. , Fotopoulou V. , Mouka V. , Hyphantis T. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractDuring the 2 years of the mobile mental-health unit's operation in Northwestern Greece, the referrals increased rapidly with 29.4% of patients never having received mental-health care before, while hospitalizations and relapses reduced significantly, indicating that community-oriented programs can contribute greatly to successfully addressing the needs of patients in remote rural areas.
Labour migration trends and policy challenges in Southeast Asia
Authors: Kaur Amarjit 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
Labour migration in Southeast Asia since the 1970s and 1980s must be understood as an integral part of the post-colonial new geographies of migration. The scope and scale of transnational movements have grown rapidly and major states like Malaysia and Thailand between them currently host about 70 per cent of the estimated 13.5 million migrant workers in the region. Singapore's foreign labour force accounts for 25 per cent of the country's workforce. Two phenomena characterize these labour movements. Like labour-importing Western democracies, the major Southeast Asian labour-importing countries rely on the guest worker program to solve their labour shortage problems. They regulate immigration through elaborate administrative frameworks that are focussed on border control while brokerage firms and labour recruiters carry out recruitment, transportation and placement of migrant workers. These countries’ immigration policies also often provide incentives for skilled workers, boost circular migration flows among low-skilled workers, and include severe penalties for unauthorised migrants. Additionally, comparisons between these countries point to patterns of convergence among them.
This paper explores migration trends in the post-colonial geography of migration against the backdrop of growing regionalism and the development of regional migration systems and migration corridors. It also examines the “new world domestic order” and the development of gendered migration linkages that have resulted in the expansion of the domestic work sector and care-giving migration.
High dietary niacin intake is associated with decreased chromosome translocation frequency in airline pilots
Authors: Yong Lee C. , Petersen Martin R. 
Published: October 2010

Experimental studies suggest that B vitamins such as niacin, folate, riboflavin, vitamin B6and vitamin B12may protect against DNA damage induced by ionising radiation (IR). However, to date, data from IR-exposed human populations are not available. We examined the intakes of these B vitamins and their food sources in relation to the frequency of chromosome translocations as a biomarker of cumulative DNA damage, in eighty-two male airline pilots. Dietary intakes were estimated by using a self-administered semi-quantitative FFQ. Translocations in peripheral blood lymphocytes were scored by using fluorescencein situhybridisation whole-chromosome painting. Negative binomial regression was used to estimate rate ratios and 95 % CI, adjusted for age and occupational and lifestyle factors. We observed a significant inverse association between translocation frequency and dietary intake of niacin (P = 0·02): adjusted rate ratio for subjects in the highest tertile compared with the lowest tertile was 0·58 (95 % CI 0·40, 0·83). Translocation frequency was not associated with total niacin intake from food and supplements as well as dietary or total intake of folate, riboflavin or vitamin B6or B12. However, the adjusted rate ratios were significant for subjects with ≥ median compared with < median intake of whole grains (P = 0·03) and red and processed meat (P = 0·01): 0·69 (95 % CI 0·50, 0·96) and 1·56 (95 % CI 1·13, 2·16), respectively. Our data suggest that a high intake of niacin from food or a diet high in whole grains but low in red and processed meat may protect against cumulative DNA damage in IR-exposed persons.
Regulative principles and ‘the Wise Author of Nature’
Authors: PASTERNACK LAWRENCE 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThere is much more said in theCritique of Pure Reasonabout the relationship between God and purposiveness than what is found in Kant's analysis of the physico-theological (design) argument. The ‘Wise Author of Nature’ is central to his analysis of regulative principles in the ‘Appendix to the Transcendental Dialectic’ and also appears in the ‘Canon’, first with regards to the Highest Good and then again in relation to our theoretical use of purposiveness. This paper will begin with a brief discussion of the physico-theological argument before moving on to the Appendix and the Canon. Finally, it will consider some changes to the role of the Wise Author in theCritique of Judgement.
Possible worlds and the beauty of God
Authors: ROBSON MARK IAN THOMAS 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn this paper I explore the relationship between the idea of possible worlds and the notion of the beauty of God. I argue that there is a clear contradiction between the idea that God is utterly and completely beautiful on the one hand and the notion that He contains within himself all possible worlds on the other. Since some of the possible worlds residing in the mind of the deity are ugly, their presence seems to compromise God's complete and utter beauty.
A minimal volume arithmetic cusped complex hyperbolic orbifold
Authors: ZHAO TIEHONG 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe sister of Eisenstein–Picard modular group is described explicitly in [10], whose quotient is a noncompact arithmetic complex hyperbolic 2-orbifold of minimal volume (see [16]). We give a construction of a fundamental domain for this group. A presentation of that lattice can be obtained from that construction, which relates to one of Mostow's lattices.
Barriers and triggers to community participation across different stages of conservation management
Authors: RODRÍGUEZ-IZQUIERDO EMILIO , GAVIN MICHAEL C. , MACEDO-BRAVO MIGUEL O. 
Published: October 2010

SUMMARYLocal community involvement in natural resource management can be critical to conservation success. Community participation in conservation efforts varies widely, reflecting a continuum from protectionist conservation mechanisms to programmes driven by local communities. Conservation is not one event, but an iterative process with many steps (planning, implementation, monitoring) each with an opportunity for different levels of participation. Barriers and triggers to more community involvement in management of the Cordillera Azul National Park (Peru) were examined. Eleven conservation officials and 73 community members provided information on levels of participation achieved at three management stages: Park establishment, management plan development, and management implementation. Park establishment was not a participatory process, owing to the expediency of the conservation agenda and a narrow window of political opportunity. Community involvement increased during the management plan development and its implementation, with communities eager to participate and a public-private partnership introducing new participatory management tools. However, a perceived lack of capacity in terms of community skills, funding availability, time and sufficient conservation personnel, and the definitions of participation used by different stakeholders, limited community involvement in decision-making processes. If conservation is to achieve more effective community involvement, long-term adaptive co-management approaches are needed that clearly define local participation, build capacity of all stakeholders and monitor levels of participation across all stages of project management.
Multiple pathways of inhibition shape bipolar cell responses in the retina
Authors: EGGERS ERIKA D. , LUKASIEWICZ PETER D. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBipolar cells (BCs) are critical relay neurons in the retina that are organized into parallel signaling pathways. The three main signaling pathways in the mammalian retina are the rod, ON cone, and OFF cone BCs. Rod BCs mediate incrementing dim light signals from rods, and ON cone and OFF cone BCs mediate incrementing and decrementing brighter light signals from cones, respectively. The outputs of BCs are shaped by inhibitory inputs from GABAergic and glycinergic amacrine cells in the inner plexiform layer, mediated by three distinct types of inhibitory receptors: GABAA, GABAC, and glycine receptors. The three main BC pathways receive distinct forms of inhibition from these three receptors that shape their light-evoked inhibitory signals. Rod BC inhibition is dominated by slow GABAC receptor inhibition, while OFF cone BCs are dominated by glycinergic inhibition. The inhibitory inputs to BCs are also shaped by serial inhibitory connections between GABAergic amacrine cells that limit the spatial profile of BC inhibition. We discuss our recent studies on how inhibitory inputs to BCs are shaped by receptor expression, receptor properties, and neurotransmitter release properties and how these affect the output of BCs.
Evidence of alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expression in retinal pigment epithelial cells
Authors: MANEU VICTORIA , GERONA GUILLERMO , FERNÁNDEZ LAURA , CUENCA NICOLÁS , LAX PEDRO 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSome evidence suggests that retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) can express nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) as described for other epithelial cells, where nAChRs have been involved in processes such as cell development, cell death, cell migration, and angiogenesis. This study is designed to determine the expression and activity of α7 nAChRs in RPE cells. Reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR was performed to test the expression of nicotinic α7 subunit in bovine RPE cells. Protein expression was determined by Western blot and by immunocytochemistry. Expression of nicotinic α7 subunits was also analyzed in cryostat sections of albino rat retina. Changes in protein expression were tested under hypoxic conditions. Functional nAChRs were studied by examining the Ca2+transients elicited by nicotine and acetylcholine stimulation in fura-2–loaded cells. Expression of endogenous modulators of nAChRs was analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blot in retina and RPE. Cultured bovine RPE cells expressed nicotinic receptors containing α7 subunit. RT-PCR amplified the expected specific α7 fragment. Western blotting showed expression at the protein level, with a specific band being found at 57 kDa in both cultured and freshly isolated RPE cells. Expression of nAChRs was confirmed for cultured cells by immunofluorescence. Immunohistochemistry confirmed α7 receptor expression in rat RPE retina. α7 receptor expression was down-regulated by long-term hypoxia. A small subpopulation of RPE cultured cells showed functional nAChRs, as evidenced by the selective response elicited by nicotine and acetylcholine stimulation. Expression of the endogenous nicotinic receptors’ modulator lynx1 was confirmed in bovine retina and RPE, and expression of lynx1 and other endogenous nicotinic receptor modulators (SLURP1 and RGD1308195) were also confirmed in rat retina. These results suggest that nAChRs could have a significant role in RPE, which may not be related to the traditional role in nerve transmission but could more likely be related to the nonneuronal cholinergic system in the eye.
Sustainable economic development: on the coexistence of resource-dependent and resource-impacting industries
Authors: LÓPEZ RAMÓN 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACTThis paper studies the interactions between harvesters, whose income depends on a renewable natural resource as a key factor of production (e.g., fisheries) and industries that can have important impacts on the renewable resource, but whose production does not depend on it (e.g., off-shore oil extraction) in the context of a growing economy. We examine these issues for a closed economy focusing on how the co-existence between these two sectors affects sustainable development and the well-being of the poor, i.e., the harvesters. We show that under certain conditions the existence and expansion of a resource-impacting industrial sector may be consistent with sustainable development. However, if these conditions are not met, growth of the resource-impacting sector leads to further resource depletion and may even threaten the feasibility of sustainable development.
Trichotomy and dichotomy results on the complexity of reasoning with disjunctive logic programs
Authors: TRUSZCZYŃSKI MIROSŁAW 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe present trichotomy results characterizing the complexity of reasoning with disjunctive logic programs. To this end, we introduce a certain definition schema for classes of programs based on a set of allowed arities of rules. We show that each such class of programs has a finite representation, and for each of the classes definable in the schema, we characterize the complexity of the existence of an answer set problem. Next, we derive similar characterizations of the complexity of skeptical and credulous reasoning with disjunctive logic programs. Such results are of potential interest. On the one hand, they reveal some reasons responsible for the hardness of computing answer sets. On the other hand, they identify classes of problem instances, for which the problem is “easy” (in P) or “easier than in general” (in NP). We obtain similar results for the complexity of reasoning with disjunctive programs under the supported-model semantics.
Effect of total alkaloids from Commelina communis L. on lung damage by influenza virus infection
Authors: Zhang Guo‐Bin , Bing Fei‐Hong , Liu Jun , Li Zhi , Liao Yi‐Fan , Li Jing , Dong Chang‐Yuan 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACTWhether administration of total alkaloids from Commelina communis L. (TAC) reduces lung damage in influenza virus‐infected mice was investigated. Compared with untreated mice, significantly less severe damage was found in the lungs of mice administered TAC at 8 mg/kg per day for 6 days. TAC significantly decreased viral loads in the lungs. The concentrations of IFN‐γ in the serum of TAC‐treated mice were significantly lower than those of virus control mice at 4 and 6 days post‐infection. The results indicate that TAC imparted partial protection to the mice by reducing pulmonary viral loads and limiting lesions in the lungs.
Comparison of balloon vs. straight catheter for the measurement of portal hypertension
Authors: Zipprich A. , Winkler M. , Seufferlein T. , Dollinger M. M. 
Published: October 2010

Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010; 32: 1351–1356SummaryBackground  The hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) is used as an estimation of portal pressure (PP) in the management of patients with cirrhosis. Two methods are available using either a straight or a balloon catheter, but have never been compared head‐to‐head.Aim  To compare the two methods of determining HVPG, straight and balloon catheter, regarding reproducibility and reliability.Methods  In 47 patients with liver cirrhosis, HVPG was assessed using both catheters in sequence. In another 29 patients, the wedged hepatic venous pressure (WHVP) determined either with straight or balloon catheter was correlated with a direct measurement of PP. Variation coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient were calculated.Results  Variation coefficients for balloon catheter were 0.07 (HVPG), 0.02 (WHVP) and 0.06 [free hepatic venous pressure (FHVP)]. Variation coefficients for straight catheter were 0.17 (HVPG), 0.06 (WHVP) and 0.07 (FHVP), demonstrating a significantly wider variation of the HVPG and WHVP measurements (P < 0.001). Comparison of WHVP with PP revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.72 (P = 0.004) using balloon catheter and 0.58 (P = 0.011) using straight catheter.Conclusions  Measurements with the balloon catheter currently represent the most reliable and reproducible method to assess HVPG. The results are of particular clinical relevance if repeated measurements are required for therapeutic adjustments.
Measuring whole‐body neutrophil redistribution using a dedicated whole‐body counter and ultra‐low doses of 111Indium
Authors: Szczepura Katherine R. , Ruparelia Prina , Solanki Chandra K. , Balan Kottekkattu , Newbold Paul , Summers Charlotte , Chilvers Edwin R. , Peters A. Michael 
Published: October 2010

Eur J Clin Invest 2010; 41 (1): 77–83AbstractBackground  There is increasing interest in the ‘homing’ of neutrophils to bone marrow. The aim of this study was to measure the whole‐body redistribution of 111In using a whole‐body counter following the administration of ultra‐small activities of 111In‐labelled neutrophils.Methods  The detectors of a dedicated whole‐body counter were fitted with lead collimators. Whole‐body 111In distribution was recorded at 45 min, 24 h, and 2, 4, 7 and 10 days after administration of 111In‐labelled neutrophils (0·29–0·74 MBq) in eight healthy non‐smokers, five healthy smokers, eight patients with inactive bronchiectasis, three with asthma and nine with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Results  Intravascular 45‐min 111In‐labelled neutrophil recovery was not significantly different between groups, ranging from 33 (SD 8%) in healthy smokers to 45 (14%) in healthy non‐smokers (P > 0·05). Peaks were identified on the whole body count profile corresponding to the chest, upper abdomen (liver/spleen) and pelvis (bone marrow). 111In distribution changed between 45 min and 24 h and then remained stable thereafter. Peak chest counts increased ∼1·5‐fold between 45 min and 24 h, whereas upper abdominal peak counts decreased by ∼25% with no significant inter‐group differences. The increment in pelvic counts (∼2·7‐fold) was similar between groups, except COPD patients, in whom it was 2·04 (0·35; P < 0·02 vs. healthy participants).Conclusions  Assuming neutrophils are distributed only between blood, liver, spleen and bone marrow, the data suggest that marrow pools 25% and destroys 67% of circulating neutrophils, rising in COPD to 40% and 80%, respectively, possibly as a result of the effects on marrow of chronic hypoxaemia.