bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute digital ischemia: A neglected microsurgical emergency. Report of 17 patients and literature review
Authors: Leclère Franck M. P. , Mordon Serge , Schoofs Michel 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis study was performed to review our 16‐year experience in acute finger ischemia. A review of the literature was also performed. A retrospective chart review of 17 patients, 14 men and 3 women, was conducted. Etiologies were ulnar aneurysm in 11 cases, atrial fibrillation in five cases and thoracic outlet syndrome in one case. Upto the palmar superficial arch, embolus due to atrial fibrillation or thoracic outlet syndrome could be loosened by a Fogarty catheter. In cases of aneurysm of the ulnar artery, we performed each time an aneurysm resection followed by direct anastomose alone, while three patients had additional grafts: artery graft (epigastric artery) or reversed vein grafts (superficial forearm vein). Microsurgical dissection of the digital collateral arteries enabled us to perform a thrombectomy. The transversal arteriotomies were closed after the collateral arteries were washed. The immediate perfusion of digit after the reconstruction of the aneurysm was each time excellent. The disoccluded vessels, investigated by Allen testing and Doppler ultrasound, were all patents. Two patients suffered from a small ulcer of the small fingertip that disappeared after 2 weeks. One patient had a 30° ischemic flexion contracture in the metacarpophalangeal joint and 25° flexion contracture in the proximal interphalangeal joint of the third digit. With regards to long‐term outcomes, no secondary amputations were necessary and there was no recurrence after a mean follow‐up of 10.7 years. Diagnostic of acute digital ischemia is often neglected. An early recognition and an aggressive microsurgical treatment are necessary to ensure low morbidity. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc., Microsurgery, 2010.
Sterigmatocystin: Occurrence in foodstuffs and analytical methods – An overview
Authors: Veršilovskis Aleksandrs , De Saeger Sarah 
Published: December 2009

AbstractSterigmatocystin (STC) is a mycotoxin produced by fungi of many different Aspergillus species. Other species such as Bipolaris, Chaetomium, Emiricella are also able to produce STC. STC producing fungi were frequently isolated from different foodstuffs, while STC was regularly detected in grains, corn, bread, cheese, spices, coffee beans, soybeans, pistachio nuts, animal feed and silage. STC shows different toxicological, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects in animals and has been recognized as a 2B carcinogen (possible human carcinogen) by International Agency for Research on Cancer. There are more than 775 publications available in Scopus (and more than 505 in PubMed) mentioning STC, but there is no summary information available about STC occurrence and analysis in food. This review presents an overview of the worldwide information on the occurrence of STC in different foodstuffs during the last 40 years, and describes the progress made in analytical methodology for the determination of STC in food.
Design of compact coplanar bandstop filter composed on open‐loop‐ring resonator and defected ground structure (DGS)
Authors: Batmanov Anatoliy , Boutejdar Ahmed , Omar Abbas , Burte Edmund 
Published: December 2009

AbstractDesign of a novel compact bandstop filter composed on an open‐loop‐ring resonator and a defected ground structure (DGS) for coplanar waveguide is proposed and investigated. A simple coplanar open‐loop‐ring resonator has been designed and tested for the stop‐band from 3.9 to 4.3 GHz with tree transmission zeroes inside the stop‐band. Two almost symmetrical poles are obtained on both sides of the stop‐band. Then the proposed broad band bandstop filter based on the one open‐loop‐ring resonator has been transformed to the bandstop filter with a narrower stop‐band but with improved pass‐ and stop‐band characteristics. It is realized by adding a conventional rectangular DGS slot inside the open‐loop‐ring. The equivalent circuit model has been proposed to describe the behaviour of the bandstop filters. The improved bandstop filter introduces the stop‐band from 3.75 to 5.3 GHz with two transmission zeroes within and more than −20 dB rejection. The total size of the proposed structure is 13.8 × 13.4 mm2. Both bandstop filters have been fabricated and measured. Measurements are in good agreement with simulation results. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 478–483, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24905
Compact meander‐type antenna integrated with the module package for Bluetooth operation
Authors: Yoon JoongHan , Ko Junho 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis article presents a compact meander‐type antenna integrated with the module package for Bluetooth application. Theantenna consists of a lower patch in the bottom layer, an upper patch in the top layer, and a three via for connecting the two layers. The proposed antenna with module package, which is integrated to the module package through shorted‐circuiting, have been designed and successfully implemented. From experimental results, the measured impedance bandwidth, defied by S11 = −7.5 dB, can reach an operating bandwidth of 220 MHz (2.34–2.56 GHz). Also, 3D radiation patterns and peak and average gains within the operating band are measured and studied. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 458–462, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24932
A modified CPW‐fed monopole antenna with very small ground for multiband WLAN applications
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Jiao Yong Chang , Song Yue , Zhang Tian Ling , Ning Shu Man , Zhang Fu Shun 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA modified planar monopole antenna with multiband operation for wireless local area networks (WLAN) is presented in this article. The antenna is composed of symmetrical hook‐shaped strips and a horizontal strip on the top, both printed on an inexpensive FR4 substrate, and is fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) feedline. The measured results explore broadband dual‐frequency operation with 2:1 VSWR impedance bandwidths range from 2.07 to 2.52 GHz and 5.07 to 6.62 GHz, which cover the 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN operating bands. Also, good similar omnidirectional radiation patterns have been achieved. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 463–466, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24940
A Ka‐band frequency synthesizer using LTCC technology
Authors: Zhan Mingzhou , Qiu Pinjie , Yang Tao , Xu Ruimin , Yan Bo , Lin Weigan 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis article is dedicated to the research on a Ka‐band frequency synthesizer based on low‐temperature cofired ceramics (LTCC) technology. This module is composed of an X‐band phase locked loop (PLL) frequency synthesizer and a millimeter‐wave quadrupler. In this design, all devices and filters which buried in the substrate are in the same Ferro‐A6M LTCC board. Measurements show that the Ka‐band LTCC frequency synthesizer covers 34.8–35.2 GHz with a minimal step of 40 MHz, low‐phase noise (<−83 dBc/Hz @1 kHz), low‐spurious level (−62 dBc), fast‐hopping time (<15us). The board size is 33 cm2. So far as we know, this is the first time to realize a LTCC frequency synthesizer module on a single LTCC board in millimeter wave band. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 319–322, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24947
Erratum: Schemes of optical power splitter nodes for direct ONU‐ONU intercommunication
Authors: Yan Minhui , Xu Qing‐Yang , Chen Chih‐Hung , Huang Wei‐Ping , Hong Xiaobin 
Published: December 2009

AbstractOriginally published Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 2814–2817, 2009 . © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 496, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24957
Food availability and sex reversal in Mytella charruana, an introduced bivalve in the southeastern United States
Authors: Stenyakina A. , Walters L.J. , Hoffman E.A. , Calestani C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWe studied the reproductive biology of Mytella charruana to determine the potential reproductive success of this newly introduced bivalve species from Central/South America. We analyzed gonad morphology, gametogenesis, and the sex ratios of introduced populations throughout a 12 month period. In the non‐native habitat M. charruana shows the same strategy of gametogenesis that had been observed in its native environment, which is an opportunistic type of gonadal cycle with gametes produced throughout the year. Instead, the spawning period of M. charruana along the southeastern US coast is extended compared to that found in the native environment. We determined the minimum size (shell length) of sexually reproductive mussels to be 1.25 cm. Interestingly, throughout the year the population samples were typically composed of a higher proportion of females. The female to male sex ratio varied within a wide range from 1:0 to 1:3.3. Upon this discovery we tested the effects of food availability on the gametogenesis of adult animals. The sex ratio of mussels collected from different locations and maintained in the laboratory with or without food changed toward a male‐bias under starvation conditions within a month. This is the first study directly showing that food availability can trigger sex reversal in an adult bivalve. According to our data this mussel species will likely continue to spread along the east coast of the US. Moreover, M. charruana may prove to be a model organism in the study of alternative sexuality in bivalves. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 77: 222–230, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lessons from biodiversity—the value of nontraditional species to advance reproductive science, conservation, and human health
Authors: Wildt David E. , Comizzoli Pierre , Pukazhenthi Budhan , Songsasen Nucharin 
Published: December 2009

AbstractReproduction is quintessential to species survival. But what is underappreciated for this discipline is the wondrous array of reproductive mechanisms among species— variations as diverse as the morphology of the species themselves (more than 55,000 vertebrate and 1.1 million invertebrate types). We have investigated only a tiny fraction of these species in reproductive science. Besides the need to fill enormous gaps in a scholarly database, this knowledge has value for recovering and genetically managing rare species as well as addressing certain reproductive issues in humans. This article provides examples, first to advise against oversimplifying reproduction and then to show how such knowledge can have practical use for managing whole animals, populations, or even saving an entire species. We also address the expected challenges and opportunities that could lead to creative shifts in philosophy and effective actions to benefit more species as well as a future generation of reproductive scientists. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 77: 397–409, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multigrid finite element methods on semi‐structured triangular grids for planar elasticity
Authors: Gaspar F. J. , Lisbona F. J. , Gracia J. L. , Rodrigo C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractMultigrid methods for a stencil‐based implementation of a finite element method for planar elasticity, using semi‐structured triangular grids, are presented. Local Fourier analysis (LFA) is applied to identify the correct multigrid components. To this end, LFA for multigrid methods on regular triangular grids is extended to the case of the problem of planar elasticity, although its application to other systems is straightforward. For the discrete elasticity operator obtained with linear finite elements, different collective smoothers, such as three‐color smoother and some zebra‐type smoothers, are analyzed, and LFA results for these smoothers are shown. The multigrid method is constructed in a block‐wise form. In particular, different smoothers and different numbers of pre‐ and post‐smoothing steps are considered in each triangle of the coarsest triangulation of the domain. Some numerical experiments are presented to illustrate the efficiency of this multigrid algorithm. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Topology optimization for free vibrations using combined approximations
Authors: Bogomolny M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis study shows how the Combined Approximations (CA) can be used for reducing the computational effort in Topology Optimization for free vibrations. The previously developed approach is based on the integration of several concepts and methods, including matrix factorization, series expansion, and reduced basis. In this paper the CA method is used for repeated eigenvalue analysis. Adjoint sensitivity analysis is developed such that the inaccuracies of the approximation are taken into consideration. Several 2‐D and 3‐D numerical examples show how optimal topology designs can be achieved by the reduced computational effort compared with the exact eigenvalue analysis. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Agency conflicts between board and manager
Authors: Du Bois Cind , Caers Ralf , Jegers Marc , De Cooman Rein , De Gieter Sara , Pepermans Roland 
Published: December 2009

AbstractDetecting agency problems is an important task when assessing the effectiveness of a nonprofit organization's governance. A first step is to examine the objectives of principals and agents and determine whether there is a systematic difference between them. Using a discrete choice experiment, we identify the objectives of board chairpersons (principals) and headmasters (agents) of Flemish nonprofit schools. We find systematic differences between the two groups. Of the seven possible objectives set out in the experiment, six are relevant for both headmasters and board chairpersons. For four of these, the preferences of both groups differ significantly. Whereas ideological values play an important role for both the board and the headmaster, they are significantly more important for the board. Both parties dislike having a large number of pupils, and the disutility is larger for the board. With respect to job satisfaction and pupil satisfaction, we find the opposite: while the board is prepared to give up pupil and job satisfaction in favor of the other objectives, these two objectives score very high on the priority list of the headmasters.
BRAC: Anatomy of a “poverty enterprise”
Authors: Mannan Manzurul 
Published: December 2009

AbstractManagement of the poverty alleviation process has created a new form of poverty enterprise. This enterprise provides poverty‐production‐market linkages, and in the process, it combines three features: a nonprofit nongovernmental organization, a for‐profit nongovernmental organization that has established an internal market, and a profit‐making industrial and business concern. This article explains how BRAC (Building Resources Across Community) in Bangladesh has used poverty to transform itself from a tiny relief distribution organization into the world's largest poverty enterprise. This enterprise is characterized by contradictions between its public claims and actual practices.
Is organizational behavior in U.S. Muslim nonprofit institutions religious?
Authors: Yaghi Abdulfattah 
Published: December 2009

AbstractSeveral researchers argue that religion influences organizational behavior in nonprofit institutions (Lotfy, 2004; Brinckerhoff, 1999). This article examines this claim by outlining major organizational values embraced by the leadership of twenty‐eight American Muslim nonprofit institutions. Two surveys were distributed to a random sample of 224 board members and 416 constituents in the southern and southeastern United States. Findings indicate that American Muslim nonprofit institutions remain religious even when they provide nonreligious services. Exhibiting religious organizational behavior is not random or accidental. Rather, it can be a reflection of the role of faith in nonprofits. Exploratory factor analysis reveals nine religiously important values that characterize managerial leadership in American Muslim nonprofit institutions. These values and their implications are discussed.
Second complete remission of relapsed medulloblastoma induced by metronomic chemotherapy
Authors: Sterba Jaroslav , Pavelka Zdenek , Andre Nicolas , Ventruba Jiri , Skotakova Jarmila , Bajciova Viera , Bronisova Danica , Dubska Lenka , Valik Dalibor 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPrognosis for children with relapsed medulloblastoma remains poor. Metronomic chemotherapy may offer some benefit to patients treated initially with intensive regimens. However, dosing and duration of such palliative treatment have not been systematically studied. Here we describe a child with medulloblastoma relapsing after initial high‐dose chemotherapy and standard radiotherapy. The patient was then treated with metronomic chemotherapy and achieved second complete remission after 21 months of treatment. Three months off therapy he relapsed again and died from progressive disease. This case illustrates the potential benefit of metronomic chemotherapy but also shows the uncertainty of when to stop metronomic chemotherapy while balancing toxicity. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:616–617. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Liquid–liquid equilibria of polymer solutions: Flory‐huggins with specific interaction
Authors: Jung Jae Gyeong , Bae Young Chan 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWe have developed a new Flory‐Huggins model by adding a specific interaction parameter derived from a modified double‐lattice model for the Helmholtz energy of mixing for binary liquid mixtures. This model is very simple and could be easily integrated into engineering applications. Using this revised model, we can successfully describe the phase behavior of polymer solutions with an upper critical solution temperature (UCST), a lower critical solution temperature (LCST), both UCST and LCST, and a closed miscibility loop. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 162–167, 2010
Statistical analysis of topographic and climatic controls and multispectral signatures of rock glaciers in the dry Andes, Chile (27°–33°S)
Authors: Brenning A. , Azócar G. F. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe dual nature of rock glaciers as ice‐rich mountain permafrost and sediment storage systems results in a combination of geomorphic processes and energy balance components controlling their distribution. We use the generalised additive model (GAM), a semi‐parametric nonlinear method, to empirically analyse environmental controls and spectral characteristics of rock glaciers in the dry Andes of Chile based on presence/absence data at random point locations and predictor variables derived from digital elevation models and Landsat data. A combination of nonlinearly transformed local and catchment‐related terrain attributes (especially local and catchment slope and potential incoming solar radiation, PISR) characterises the geomorphic and climatic niche of rock glaciers. The influence of (latitude adjusted) relative PISR varies with mean annual air temperature (MAAT): high‐PISR sites are favourable for rock glacier development at lower MAATs and low‐PISR sites at higher MAATs. TM/ETM+ band 6 (thermal infrared) is an additional nonlinear predictor. The combination of topographic, climatic and multispectral data in a GAM achieves an excellent general discrimination (area under the ROC curve 0.87 on the model domain and 0.94 overall). In automatic rock glacier detection at a sensitivity of 70 per cent, this model achieves a false‐positive rate (FPR) of 6.0 per cent overall and 12.8 per cent on the model domain (bootstrap estimates: 7.9% and 16.8%). Dropping the multispectral data significantly increases the bootstrapped FPR by 36 per cent. Thus, the fusion of multisource data using modern nonlinear classification techniques is a promising step towards automatic rock glacier detection. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MgCl2 doped CuxZn1−xFe2O4 ferrite humidity sensors
Authors: Bagum Nishat , Gafur M. A. , Bhuiyan A. H. , Saha D. K. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe microstructure and humidity sensitivity of CuxZn1−xFe2O4 ferrites (where x varies from 0 to 1 mol% in steps of 0.2) doped with 0.05 and 0.1 wt% of magnesium chloride (MgCl2) prepared by standard ceramic route have been studied. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicates the formation of ferrite. Infrared (IR) transmission spectra show the presence of chlorine band, octahedral and tetrahedral group complexes. Scanning electron micrographs reveal the presence of granulation and pores, which play an important role in determining the humidity sensitivity. Microhardness, bulk density, porosity and water absorption properties were studied. It was found that the humidity sensitivity depends on composition and porosity. Dependence of electrical resistivity on composition, temperature and humidity was also investigated. Electrical resistivity decreases with the increase of temperature, humidity and molar weight of copper oxide (CuO) content. The resistivity of the 0.05 wt% MgCl2 doped CuxZn1−xFe2O4 ferrite is more dependent on humidity. The resistance–humidity characteristics was examined. The good results concerning humidity sensitivity were obtained for 0.05 wt% MgCl2 doped ferrites except CuFe2O4 ferrite doped with 0.05 and 0.1 wt% MgCl2.
Bioguided isolation of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors from the seeds of Plantago asiatica L.
Authors: Geng Fang , Yang Li , Chou Guixin , Wang Zhengtao 
Published: December 2009

AbstractEthanolic extract of the seeds of Plantago asiatica L. showed significant inhibitory activity of angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) determined by monitoring the transformation from a substrate hippuryl‐histidyl‐leucine (HHL) to the product hippuric acid (HA) in vitro using an UPLC‐MS method. The bioguided fractionation of the extract resulted in the isolation of four ACE inhibitory active phenylpropanoid glycosides acteoside, isoacteoside, plantainoside D, and plantamajoside with IC50 values of 2.69 mM, 2.46 mM, 2.17 mM, and 2.47 mM, respectively. Their structures were elucidated through the analysis of NMR, UV, IR and MS data. Our study is the first demonstration that Plantago asiatica L. and its major constituents have ACE inhibitory activity in vitro. It is assumed that the identified compounds contribute to the angiotensin‐converting enzyme‐inhibitory activity of the extract. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fermented ginseng protects streptozotocin‐induced damage in rat pancreas by inhibiting nuclear factor‐κB
Authors: Yuan Hai Dan , Chung Sung Hyun 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the protective effects of fermented ginseng (FG) on hyperglycemia induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in Sprague Dawley rats. FG was administered orally at dose of 250 (FGL) or 500 mg/kg (FGH) for 20 days starting one week before STZ injection. FG restored the plasma insulin levels by 266% and 334% in FGL and FGH, respectively, and resulting in reduction of plasma glucose concentration. Histological observation indicated that STZ‐induced destruction of pancreatic islets was protected by FG. Consistent with this observation, FG reduced protein and mRNA levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2), as determined by Western blotting and RT‐PCR, respectively. The molecular mechanism of FG's inhibition of iNOS and COX‐2 gene expressions appeared to involve the inhibition of nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) activation via prevention of inhibitor κB (IκB) phosphorylation and degradation. The cytoprotective effects of FG were also mediated through suppression of extracelluar signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) and c‐JUN N‐terminal kinase (JNK) pathways. Collectively, these results suggest that FG might be used to preserve functional β‐cell mass. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.