bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progress in The Application of Flexible and Wearable Electrochemical Sensors in Monitoring Biomarkers of Athletes
Authors: Liu Yuteng , Luo Tingting , Ding Chengbiao , Xuan Lei , Li Jian , Yang Runhuai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAthletes continuously seek out creative methods and technologies to improve their physical fitness and overall performance. Wearable technology's progress offers a swift and eco‐conscious way to consistently observe physiological changes evidenced by biomarkers, stemming from an athlete's internal exertion or external workload. However, there is still a long distance to further understand the internal physiology of athletes which may bring hope to tailor training and recovery programs individually. The ongoing challenges faced by sports healthcare personnel are in finding biomarkers safely and continuously to control athletes' physical condition and tailor their recovery and eating patterns. The summary of this review encompasses the development of flexible and wearable electrochemical sensors. This article provides an overview of biofluids, commonly detected by wearable biochemical sensors and their mutual anatomical formations, with a focus on sweat and its associated biomarkers. Following this, its real‐world application in sports medicine becomes apparent, both theoretically and potentially. The paper ends by highlighting challenges and imagining the possible development of this exciting emerging field.
Assembly‐Driven Aggregation‐Induced Emission of Gold Nanoclusters with Excitation Wavelength‐Dependent Emission and Mechanochromic Property
Authors: Huang Yuanyuan , Han Xiaofei , Wang Li , Pei Renjun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMetal nanoclusters with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) characteristics are potential nanomaterial candidates for a wide array of advanced optical applications. In this study, a novel self‐assembly enhanced AIE strategy utilizing 6‐thioguanine (TG)‐protected gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) is fabricated with dual‐stimuli responsive modes of excitation wavelength‐dependent (Ex‐De) emission and mechanochromic properties. The sheetlike structures of AuNCs self‐assembly (AuNC sheets) with typical AIE characteristics are generated in bad solvent owing to the intermolecular hydrogen‐bonds interaction among guanine‐rich moieties of TG ligand. Interestingly, the maximum emission peaks of AuNC sheets are red‐shifted with the increased excitation wavelengths, indicating Ex‐De emission behavior. This phenomenon enables the achievement of wide‐range tunable photoluminescence (PL). In addition, the emission peak of AuNC sheets powders before and after grinding displays the bathochromic shift of 110 nm. The “off–on” switch of Ex‐De emission behavior in AuNC sheets can be manipulated by changing mechanical pressure. It is speculated that the tunable PL behavior of AuNC sheets originates from multiple excited states due to the existence of different Au(I)···Au(I) distances. The self‐assembly‐driven AIE strategy of AuNCs with stimuli‐responsive allochroic modes will facilitate the recording of rewritable information, opening up a new avenue for high‐throughput and multi‐dimensional optical security.
Highly Efficient Organic Light–Emitting Diode Using DNA as Scattering Layer
Authors: Kim Juri , Yeon Hyejeong , Choi Hye‐Ryung , Park Soon Mo , Huh Chang‐Hun , Choi Kyung Cheol , Yoon Dong Ki 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHerein, an organic light–emitting diode (OLED) is fabricated with increased luminous efficiency and biocompatibility by topographic DNA film. In addition to the natural abundance and biocompatibility of DNA, its semi‐flexible characteristics facilitated the emergence of the liquid crystal phase, allowing the formation of a periodic wavy undulation structure by applying shear force. The resultant zigzag structure possesses sufficient periodicity and roughness, enhancing the effective scattering of emitted light. Furthermore, the DNA‐coated red OLED demonstrates cell proliferative effects and exhibits high electrical and thermal stability even in a bent state, suggesting its potential application in attachable OLED‐based light therapy.
Cerium‐Sensitized Highly Emissive 0D Cesium Cerium Terbium Chloride Alloy Nanocrystals for White Light Emission
Authors: Samanta Tuhin , Yadav Amar Nath , Han Joo Hyeong , Kim Minji , Jang Sung Woo , Viswanath Noolu Srinivasa Manikanta , Im Won Bin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecently, lanthanide‐based 0D metal halides have garnered considerable attention owing to their applications in light–emitting diodes (LEDs), X‐ray imaging, and photodetectors. Among these materials, 0D Cs3TbCl6 (CTC) nanocrystals (NCs) have demonstrated promising performance in X‐ray imaging and light‐emitting diodes. However, a considerable drawback of CTC NCs is their limited absorption coefficient in the UV‐A region (315–380 nm). To address this limitation and enhance the absorption coefficient in the UV‐A region, Ce3+ is incorporated into CTC NCs—advantageous owing to the high absorption coefficient of Ce3+ in the UV‐A region, attributed to—4f‐5d orbital coupling. In addition, Ce3+ ions sensitize the luminescence of CTC NCs and enhance the photoluminescence quantum yield from 75% to 87%. Energy transfer from Ce3+ to Tb3+ is investigated at different dopant ratios. Furthermore, Cs3CeTbCl6 (CCTC) NCs have been utilized in white LED devices. Understanding such competitive energy transfer in lanthanide‐based perovskite‐inspired metal halides will facilitate the development of novel luminescent metal halides for lighting applications.
Reactive DC Sputtered TiO2Electron Transport Layers for Cadmium‐Free Sb2Se3Solar Cells
Authors: Don Christopher H. , Shalvey Thomas P. , Sindi Daniya A. , Lewis Bradley , Swallow Jack E. N. , Bowen Leon , Fernandes Daniel F. , Kubart Tomas , Biswas Deepnarayan , Thakur Pardeep K. , Lee Tien‐Lin , Major Jonathan D. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe evolution of Sb2Se3heterojunction devices away from CdS electron transport layers (ETL) to wide bandgap metal oxide alternatives is a critical target in the development of this emerging photovoltaic material. Metal oxide ETL/Sb2Se3device performance has historically been limited by relatively low fill factors, despite offering clear advantages with regards to photocurrent collection. In this study, TiO2ETLs are fabricated via direct current reactive sputtering and tested in complete Sb2Se3devices. A strong correlation between TiO2ETL processing conditions and the Sb2Se3solar cell device response under forward bias conditions is observed and optimized. Numerical device models support experimental evidence of a spike‐like conduction band offset, which can be mediated, provided a sufficiently high conductivity and low interfacial defect density can be achieved in the TiO2ETL. Ultimately, a SnO2:F/TiO2/Sb2Se3/P3HT/Au device with the reactively sputtered TiO2ETL delivers an 8.12% power conversion efficiency (η), the highest TiO2/Sb2Se3device reported to‐date. This is achieved by a substantial reduction in series resistance, driven by improved crystallinity of the reactively sputtered anatase‐TiO2ETL, whilst maintaining almost maximum current collection for this device architecture.
Integrating dynamic economic optimization and encrypted control for cyber‐resilient operation of nonlinear processes
Authors: Kadakia Yash A. , Abdullah Fahim , Alnajdi Aisha , Christofides Panagiotis D. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article proposes a two‐layer framework to maximize economic performance through dynamic process economics optimization while addressing fluctuating real‐world economics and enhancing cyberattack resilience via encryption in the feedback control layer for nonlinear processes. The upper layer employs a Lyapunov‐based economic model predictive control scheme, receiving updated economic information for each operating period, while the lower layer utilizes an encrypted linear feedback control system. Encrypted state information is decrypted in the upper layer to determine the economically optimal dynamic operating trajectory through nonlinear optimization. Conversely, the lower layer securely tracks this trajectory in an encrypted space without decryption. To mitigate the cyber vulnerability of the upper layer, we integrate a cyberattack detector that utilizes sensor‐derived data for attack detection. We quantify the errors stemming from quantization, disturbances, and sample‐and‐hold controller implementation. Simulation results of a nonlinear chemical process highlight the robustness and economic benefits of this new control architecture.
The Simpler the Better: One‐Pot Production of γ‐Valerolactone from Biomass Conversion through All‐In‐One Sc(OTf)3 Catalyzed Cascade Reaction
Authors: Hao Rui , Liu Tianwei , He Jianghua , Zhang Yuetao 
Published: June 2024

Abstractγ‐Valerolactone (GVL) derived from non‐edible biomass resources has attracted much intense attention from both academia and industry, due to its excellent properties as green solvent and ideal renewable feedstock for production of bioenergy and biorefinery. However, the practical application of current synthetic technologies is restricted by complicated catalyst system and high production cost so far. Here we report a simple but highly efficient method to realize one‐pot synthesis of bio‐derived GVL by a series of Lewis acidic triflates (M(OTf)3 (M=Sc3+, Ln3+)) under mild condition, achieving up to 78 % GVL yield from furfural (FUR) without any additives or pretreatments. Systematic mechanistic studies, including reaction monitoring, identification of key intermediates and deuterium control experiments disclose the nature of such one‐pot conversion by all‐in‐one Sc(OTf)3. This system exhibits several excellent features such as commercially available and inexpensive catalyst, 100 % carbon atom‐economy, environmentally friend, simple preparation and separation procedures. This method could also be applied to the upstream raw materials, including xylose, hemicellulose and even corncob, achieving GVL in 36 %, 35 % and 21 % yields in one‐pot manner, respectively.
Material basis and pharmacodynamic mechanism of YangshenDingzhi granules in the intervention of viral pneumonia: Based on serum pharmacochemistry and network pharmacology
Authors: Xu Huirong , Dong Meiyue , Du Ruikun , Zhang Chengcheng , Chen Zinuo , Tian Guangyu , Cui Qinghua , Li Kejian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundYangshenDingzhi granules (YSDZ) are clinically effective in preventing and treating COVID‐19. The present study elucidates the underlying mechanism of YSDZ intervention in viral pneumonia by employing serum pharmacochemistry and network pharmacology.MethodsThe chemical constituents of YSDZ in the blood were examined using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole/orbitrap high‐resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC‐Q‐Exactive Orbitrap MS). Potential protein targets were obtained from the SwissTargetPrediction database, and the target genes associated with viral pneumonia were identified using GeneCards, DisGeNET, and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) databases. The intersection of blood component‐related targets and disease‐related targets was determined using Venny 2.1. Protein–protein interaction networks were constructed using the STRING database. The Metascape database was employed to perform enrichment analyses of Gene Ontology (GO) functions and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathways for the targets, while the Cytoscape 3.9.1 software was utilized to construct drug‐component‐disease‐target‐pathway networks. Further, in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to establish the therapeutic effectiveness of YSDZ against viral pneumonia.ResultsFifteen compounds and 124 targets linked to viral pneumonia were detected in serum. Among these, MAPK1, MAPK3, AKT1, EGFR, and TNF play significant roles. In vitro tests revealed that the medicated serum suppressed the replication of H1N1, RSV, and SARS‐CoV‐2 replicon. Further, in vivo testing analysis shows that YSDZ decreases the viral load in the lungs of mice infected with RSV and H1N1.ConclusionThe chemical constituents of YSDZ in the blood may elicit therapeutic effects against viral pneumonia by targeting multiple proteins and pathways.
Single‐cell analysis of tumor microenvironment and cell adhesion reveals that interleukin‐1 beta promotes cancer cell proliferation in breast cancer
Authors: Wang Wenyan , Dong Gehong , Yang Ziguo , Li Shaoxiang , Li Jia , Wang Lin , Zhu Qiang , Wang Yuchen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC), which is so called because of the lack of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) receptors on the cancer cells, accounts for 10%–15% of all breast cancers. The heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment is high. However, the role of plasma cells controlling the tumor migration progression in TNBC is still not fully understood.MethodsWe analyzed single‐cell RNA sequencing data from five HER2 positive, 12 ER positive/PR positive, and nine TNBC samples. The potential targets were validated by immunohistochemistry.ResultsPlasma cells were enriched in TNBC samples, which was consistent with validation using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Cell communication analysis revealed that plasma cells interact with T cells through the intercellular adhesion molecule 2–integrin–aLb2 complex, and then release interleukin 1 beta (IL1B), as verified by immunohistochemistry, ultimately promoting tumor growth.ConclusionOur results revealed the role of plasma cells in TNBC and identified IL1B as a new prognostic marker for TNBC.
Establishment of a humanized ST6GAL1 mouse model for influenza research
Authors: Chao Lyu , Feng Han , Qian Gao , Limin Lv , Ziwei Lu , Shuangshuang Lu , Xiaoyan Li , Yuechao Hu , Mengjie Yang , Yingze Zhao , Jun Liu , Xuancheng Lu , Shuguang Duo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to construct and characterize a humanized influenza mouse model expressing hST6GAL1.MethodsHumanized fragments, consisting of the endothelial cell‐specific K18 promoter, human ST6GAL1‐encoding gene, and luciferase gene, were microinjected into the fertilized eggs of mice. The manipulated embryos were transferred into the oviducts of pseudopregnant female mice. The offspring were identified using PCR. Mice exhibiting elevated expression of the hST6GAL1 gene were selectively bred for propagation, and in vivo analysis was performed for screening. Expression of the humanized gene was tested by performing immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Hematologic and biochemical analyses using the whole blood and serum of humanized hST6GAL1 mice were performed.ResultsSuccessful integration of the human ST6GAL1 gene into the mouse genome led to the overexpression of human SiaT ST6GAL1. Seven mice were identified as carrying copies of the humanized gene, and the in vivo analysis indicated that hST6GAL1 gene expression in positive mice mirrored influenza virus infection characteristics. The IHC results revealed that hST6GAL1 was expressed in the lungs of humanized mice. Moreover, the hematologic and biochemical parameters of the positive mice were within the normal range.ConclusionA humanized influenza mouse model expressing the hST6GAL1 gene was successfully established and characterized.
Human‐Derived Induced GABAergic Progenitor Cells Improve Cognitive Function in Mice and Inhibit Astrocyte Activation with Anti‐Inflammatory Exosomes
Authors: Chen Chunxia , Lan Zhaohui , Tang Xihe , Chen Wan , Zhou Xing , Su Hua , Su Rixiang , Chen Zhaolin , Chen Hongbo , Guo Ying , Deng Wenbin 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveThe role of gamma‐aminobutyric acid‐ergic (GABAergic) neuron impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and if and how transplantation of healthy GABAergic neurons can improve AD, remain unknown.MethodsHuman‐derived medial ganglionic eminence progenitors (hiMGEs) differentiated from programmed induced neural precursor cells (hiNPCs) were injected into the dentate gyrus region of the hippocampus (HIP).ResultsWe showed that grafts migrate to the whole brain and form functional synaptic connections in amyloid precursor protein gene/ presenilin‐1 (APP/PS1) chimeric mice. Following transplantation of hiMGEs, behavioral deficits and AD‐related pathology were alleviated and defective neurons were repaired. Notably, exosomes secreted from hiMGEs, which are rich in anti‐inflammatory miRNA, inhibited astrocyte activation invitro and in vivo, and the mechanism was related to regulation of CD4+ Th1 cells mediated tumor necrosis factor (TNF) pathway.InterpretationTaken together, these findings support the hypothesis that hiMGEs transplantation is an alternative treatment for neuronal loss in AD and demonstrate that exosomes with anti‐inflammatory activity derived from hiMGEs are important factors for graft survival. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:488–507
Improving Miscibility of Polymer Donor and Polymer Acceptor by Reducing Chain Entanglement for Realizing 18.64 % Efficiency All Polymer Solar Cells
Authors: Deng Min , Xu Xiaopeng , Qiu Wuke , Duan Yuwei , Li Ruipeng , Yu Liyang , Peng Qiang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAll‐polymer solar cells have experienced rapid development in recent years by the emergence of polymerized small molecular acceptors (PSMAs). However, the strong chain entanglements of polymer donors (PDs) and polymer acceptors (PAs) decrease the miscibility of the resulting polymer mixtures, making it challenging to optimize the blend morphology. Herein, we designed three PAs, namely PBTPICm‐BDD, PBTPICγ‐BDD and PBTPICF‐BDD, by smartly using a BDD unit as the polymerized unit to copolymerize with different Y‐typed non‐fullerene small molecular acceptors (NF‐SMAs), thus achieving a certain degree of distortion and giving the polymer system enough internal space to reduce the entanglements of the polymer chains. Such effects increase the chances of the PD being interspersed into the acceptor material, which improve the solubility between the PD and PA. The PBTPICγ‐BDD and PBTPICF‐BDD displayed better miscibility with PBQx‐TCl, leading to a well optimized morphology. As a result, high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 17.50 % and 17.17 % were achieved for PBQx‐TCl : PBTPICγ‐BDD and PBQx‐TCl : PBTPICF‐BDD devices, respectively. With the addition of PYFT‐o as the third component into PBQx‐TCl : PBTPICγ‐BDD blend to further extend the absorption spectral coverage and finely tune microstructures of the blend morphology, a remarkable PCE of 18.64 % was realized finally.
Optical Monitoring of Supramolecular Interactions in Polymers
Authors: Kiebala Derek J. , Dodero Andrea , Weder Christoph , Schrettl Stephen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMany stimuli‐responsive materials harness the reversible association of supramolecular binding motifs to enable advanced functionalities such as self‐healing, switchable adhesion, or mechanical adaptation. Despite extensive research into the structure–property relationships of these materials, direct correlations between molecular‐level changes in supramolecular binding and macroscopic material behaviors have mostly remained elusive. Here, we show that this challenge can be overcome with supramolecular binding motifs featuring integrated binding indicators. We demonstrate this using a novel motif that combines a hydrogen‐bonding ureido‐4‐pyrimidinone (UPy) with two strategically placed pyrene fluorophores. Dimerization of this motif promotes pyrene excimer formation, facilitating the straightforward optical quantification of supramolecular assembly under various conditions. We exploit the new motif as a supramolecular cross‐linker in poly(methyl acrylate)s to probe the extent of (dis)assembly as a function of cross‐linker content, processing history, and applied stimuli. We demonstrate that the stimuli‐induced dissociation of hydrogen‐bonding linkages strongly depends on the initial cross‐link density, which also dictates whether the force‐induced dissociation in polymer films correlates with the applied stress or strain. Thus, beyond introducing a robust tool for the in situ study of dynamic (dis)assembly mechanisms in supramolecular systems, our findings provide new insights into the mechanoresponsive behavior of such materials.
Metastable Supramolecular Assembly of Simple Monomers Enabled by Confinement: Towards Aqueous Phase Room Temperature Phosphorescence
Authors: Wang Ruixing , Ma Da , Kong Xianggui , Peng Feifei , Cao Xiaoqing , Zhao Yufei , Lu Chao , Shi Wenying 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe application of supramolecular assembly (SA) with room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in aqueous phase has the potential to revolutionize numerous fields. However, using simple molecules with crystalline RTP to construct SA with aqueous phase RTP is hardly possible from the standpoint of forces. The reason lies in that the transition from crystal to SA involves a structure transformation from highly stable to more dynamic state, leading to increased non‐radiative deactivation pathways and silent RTP signal. Here, with the benefit of the confinement from the layered double hydroxide (LDH), various simple molecules (benzene derivatives) can successfully form metastable SA with aqueous phase RTP. The maximum of RTP lifetime and efficiency can reach 654.87 ms and 5.02 %, respectively. Mechanistic studies reveal the LDH energy trap can strengthen the intermolecular interaction, providing the prerequisite for the existence of metastable SA and appearance of aqueous phase RTP. The universality of this strategy will usher exploration into other multifunctional monomer, facilitating the development of SAs with aqueous phase RTP.
Multiple Stabilization Effects of Benzylhydrazine on Scalable Perovskite Precursor Inks for Improved Perovskite Solar Cell Production
Authors: Reinecke Sean B. , Yeddu Vishal , Zhang Dongyang , Barr Chris , Wulff Jeremy E. , Dayneko Sergey V. , Kokaba Mohammad Reza , Saidaminov Makhsud I. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPerovskite precursor inks suffer various forms of degradation, such as iodide anion oxidation and organic cation breakdown, hindering reliable perovskite solar cell manufacturing. Here we report that benzylhydrazine hydrochloride (BHC) not only retards the buildup of iodine as previously reported but also prevents the breakdown of organic cations. Through investigating BHC and iodine chemical reactions, we elucidate protonation and dehydration mechanisms, converting BHC to harmless volatile compounds, thus preserving perovskite film crystallization and solar cell performance. This inhibition effect lasts nearly a month with minimal BHC, contrasting control inks without BHC where organic cations fully react in less than a week. This enhanced understanding, from additive stabilization to end products, promises improved perovskite solar cell production reliability.