bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of carbazole derivatives as a multifunctional material for organic light-emitting devices
Authors: Ivaniuk Khrystyna , Kutsiy Stepan , Shchetinin Mykhailo , Bulavinets Tetiana , Yaremchuk Iryna 
Published: May 2024

The object of research is newly synthesized carbazole-derived compounds and organic light-emitting structures based on them. The problem lies in the complex solution of scientific and technical problems of improving the characteristics and stability of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), namely improving the brightness and energy-efficient parameters.
Organic light-emitting structures of blue, blue, and green radiation with color coordinates were formed by the thermovacuum sputtering method and the solution deposition method. The turn-on voltage of the white OLED is 6 V, the maximum brightness of the light-emitting structures was 10,000 cd/m2. The devices demonstrated a sufficiently high external quantum efficiency of 5 % to 7 %.
This paper reports the multifunctional application of a simple donor-acceptor organic compound, as active and host material in the emission layer of organic light emitting devices. Em1 has been used as active components in OLEDs, where Em1 is the guest emitter (Device A), the acceptor part of the excited emitter (Device B) and the host matrix of the CdSeS/ZnS alloy quantum dot. At least four different OLEDs have been designed and characterized where Em1 plays the role of the guest emitter (Device C). The external quantum efficiencies of devices A–C are characterized by values common to pure fluorescent OLEDs (up to 5 % of the theoretical limit), but these devices sustain low-efficiency roll-off of electroluminescence over a wide range of current densities.
Organic light-emitting diodes based on carbazole-derived compounds, due to their color characteristics, are promising candidates for use in the latest lighting systems. A separate advantage of the data light-emitting structures is a multifunctional application of one compound for different types of light-emitting structures. In addition, organic LEDs on based on carbazole-derived compounds have low energy consumption and are environmentally friendly due to the absence of toxic substances in their architecture, which creates prerequisites for saving energy resources and reducing the industrial burden on the environment.
Comprehensive analysis and assessment of the production and export potential of organic niche products
Authors: Drebot Oksana , Vysochanska Mariya 
Published: May 2024

The object of the study is the determination of ecological and economic efficiency in relation to the production of organic niche products. The strategic perspective of the production and export of organic niche products in Ukraine is considered as one of the ways to overcome economic challenges exacerbated by global instability and geopolitical tensions. The production of organic products is outlined as a strategically important direction of the country's agricultural sector, which has significant export potential, especially to the countries of the European Union, where there is a steady increase in demand for organic products. A comprehensive approach to strategy implementation is proposed, which includes market research, production development, marketing and branding, as well as optimization of logistics and export processes. The dynamics of the main indicators of the development of organic agriculture in Ukraine from 2010–2021, the volume of imports of organic products to the countries of the European Union by exporting countries were analyzed. To date, only 1 % of agricultural crops are «eco», the volume of organic products has significantly increased, and the yield of organic products has increased by 5–20 % with a corresponding reduction in material costs. Since the end of the 1990s, the agricultural sector of Ukraine began to focus intensively on organic production, taking into account the growing global trend towards the sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex, etc. Given their uniqueness, growing niche crops can offer advantages such as minimal competition and the potential for significant profits, especially when the products find widespread use. A comparative analysis of the production of organic products on the domestic and foreign markets of Ukraine was conducted. A SWOT analysis of the production of organic products in Ukraine was developed to determine the strengths and weaknesses. The practical value is providing advice to producers on growing niche crops, creating market demand, attracting foreign partners to implement such projects in Ukraine, which will contribute to strengthening the economic potential of agricultural producers. This will help increase the competitiveness of domestic enterprises in the local and global markets, make them more resistant to economic challenges and help reduce risks, etc.
Burnhope Reservoir: improving drawdown capabilities and water network resilience
Authors: Morris Daniel 
Published: May 2024

A statutory inspection of Burnhope Reservoir completed under Section 10(3) of the Reservoirs Act 1975 noted that the 30 inch washout valve at the outlet tunnel portal had not been tested for some time. A measure in the interests of safety was to simply open and close the 30 inch washout valve over its full range to prove its operability. However, the washout valve is located on the outlet of the 40 inch supply main, which provides both a raw water supply to the water treatment works (WTW) and can also be used for emergency drawdown. Should the washout valve fail, the consequence would be a loss of pressure to the WTW, which would shut down. To maintain deployable output throughout the testing of the washout, its subsequent replacement and installation of a new free discharge control valve, a new 600 mm cross-connection pipeline was installed between the independent 40 inch supply/emergency drawdown main and 30 inch scour main. This cross-connection pipeline then removed the risk of interrupting the water supply and permitted the washout to be tested and subsequently replaced while also providing a resilient water network and much improved control of the 40 inch supply main drawdown asset.
Lipolysis-Stimulated Lipoprotein Receptor in Proximal Tubule, BMP-SMAD Signaling, and Kidney Disease
Authors: Jiang Min , Wang Xiangdong , Chen Zhenni , Wang Xin , An Yanan , Ding Lixia , Xu Mengyuan , Fan Baozhen , Jiao Peng , Wang Chao , Wang Mingxia , Sun Hui , Zhao Shengtian , Gong Yongfeng 
Published: May 2024

Key Points

We identify that lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor is highly enriched in the nucleus of mouse and human kidney.This study provides new insights into the role of lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor in kidney disease.

Background
Lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR) is a single-pass membrane protein that plays essential roles in tricellular tight junction organization in the epithelium and endothelium, but its function in kidney physiology and disease development remains unknown.

Methods
Conditional Lsr deletion mice were generated and analyzed to investigate the function of LSR in proximal tubule. Unilateral ischemia-reperfusion was used as an injury model to investigate the role of LSR in AKI and the progression to CKD. Detailed mechanistic analyses were conducted using whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing, immunofluorescence, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, coimmunoprecipitation, RNA immunoprecipitation, and adeno-associated virus-mediated gene overexpression and knockdown.

Results
The nuclear localization of LSR was found in the kidney. Proximal tubule–specific Lsr knockout mice exhibited alleviated kidney damage and fibrosis compared with those in wild-type mice in response unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Loss of LSR resulted in downregulation of Chrdl1 and activation of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (SMAD) signaling in proximal tubules. Treatment with CHRDL1 counteracted the protective effect of LSR deletion in the unilaterally ischemic injured kidney. In addition, the systemic delivery of Chrdl1 short hairpin RNA attenuated injury-induced kidney fibrosis. LSR formed a complex with 14-3-3θ in the nucleus of proximal tubular cells, thereby reducing the interaction between human antigen R and 14-3-3θ, consequently leading to the translocation of unbound human antigen R to the cytoplasm. The absence of LSR promoted the association of 14-3-3θ with human antigen R, potentially resulting in decreased human antigen R levels in the cytoplasm. Reduced human antigen R levels impaired Chrdl1 mRNA stability, subsequently leading to the activation of BMP-SMAD signaling.

Conclusions
Deletion of LSR in proximal tubule deregulated Chrdl1 to activate BMP-SMAD signaling and ameliorated kidney disease.
Factors Shaping Exercise Patterns and Health Status among the Elderly in Aging Nations: A South Korean Perspective
Authors: Yi Eun Surk , Rezaei Mehdi , Byun Hyun , Jeon Sangwan 
Published: May 2024

Background: The global phenomenon of population aging requires an understanding of the factors influencing the health of the elderly becomes imperative. We aimed to focus on South Korea, a nation set to become an aging society by 2025. The study examined the influence of regular exercise and exercise types on the health of the elderly with particular attention to South Korea's unique sociodemographic context.
Methods: We targeted individuals aged 50 yr and above. The study was conducted through online surveys from August to September 2023. Utilizing Logistic Regression analysis and Chi-Square tests, the research explored correlations, trends, and influencing factors affecting elderly exercise behaviors, encompassing demographic variables, health status, and exercise types.
Results: The analysis of demographic characteristics revealed that marital status, education level, and financial status displayed diverse representations within the sample. Comparisons between health status and exercise groups suggested potential health benefits for the Regular Exercise group. Logistic Regression analysis identified significant influences of gender and financial status on regular exercise engagement. Additionally, a strong relationship between health status and exercise preferences, notably strength training, emerged.
Conclusion: Regular exercise and exercise types benefit elderly individuals. Men and those with better financial status are more likely to exercise regularly. Strength training emerges as a significant contributor to better health across various health status categories. Policymakers and healthcare professionals should consider these insights to develop targeted interventions for promoting healthy aging, acknowledging the cultural and socioeconomic factors of South Korea's aging population.
Antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of limpasu (Baccaurea lanceolata) pericarpium with the ultrasound assisted extraction method against Propionibacterium acne
Authors: Ulpah Rusmili , Nashihah Siti , Zamzani Irfan 
Published: May 2024

Background: Acne, a prevalent skin condition, can arise from factors such as an unhealthy lifestyle, dietary habits, hormonal imbalances, and bacterial infections. Propionibacterium acnes is a notable bacterium responsible for acne. In South Borneo, the pericarpium of the limpasu plant (Baccaurea lanceolata) is traditionally used to treat acne.
Objective: This study aims to scientifically validate the empirical antibacterial effects of limpasu pericarpium against Propionibacterium acnes, as reported by the communities in South Borneo.
Methods: The ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method was utilized to extract compounds from limpasu pericarpium. The antibacterial activity of the limpasu pericarpium extract was evaluated using the disc diffusion method at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% w/v. Clindamycin served as the positive control, and 1% DMSO was the negative control.
Results: The lowest concentration (20%) fell within the strong activity category, producing a clear zone diameter of 18.76 mm. Higher concentrations (40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%) demonstrated more potent antibacterial effects, with inhibition zones of 23.23 mm, 26.06 mm, 26.93 mm, and 27.33 mm, respectively. Notably, 60% to 100% concentrations exhibited greater inhibitory effects than the positive control, clindamycin, which had an inhibition zone of 25.23 mm.
Conclusion: The study confirms the antibacterial properties of limpasu pericarpium against Propionibacterium acnes, supporting the traditional claims of its efficacy by the South Borneo communities.
DISKRESI DALAM PENANGANAN COVID-19 BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 2 TAHUN 2020 TENTANG PENETAPAN PERATURAN PEMERINTAH PENGGANTI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2020 TENTANG KEBIJAKAN KEUANGAN NEGARA DAN STABILITAS SISTEM KEUANGAN UNTUK PENANGANAN PANDEMI COVID-19 DAN/ATAU DALAM RANGKA MENGHADAPI ANCAMAN YANG MEMBAHAYAKAN PEREKONOMIAN NASIONAL DAN/ATAU STABILITAS SISTEM KEUANGAN MENJADI UNDANG-UNDANG
Authors: Akbar Tenggar Miftakhul , Pamuji Kadar , Nasihuddin Abdul Aziz , - Kartono 
Published: May 2024

Adanya pandemi Covid-19 berdampak besar bagi perekonomian nasional di dunia, terutama Indonesia, maka dari itu Presiden Joko Widodo menggunakan kewenangan atributif dengan mengeluarkan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2020, dengan tujuan memberikan kepastian hukum bagi Pemerintah dan lembaga terkait untuk mengambil kebijakan dan langkah-langkah agar dampak dari adanya pandemi Covid-19 dapat segera teratasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah diskresi berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2020 sudah sesuai dengan Asas-asas Umum Pemerintahan yang Baik dan Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2014. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan analisis secara normatif kualitatif. Spesifikasi penelitian menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, metode pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan data sekunder melalui studi kepustakaan dengan menggunakan metode penyajian data dalam bentuk teks naratif dan disusun secara sistematis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa Pasal 27 Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2020 yang dinilai menimbulkan kekebalan hukum bagi pejabat negara serta menghapuskan unsur “kerugian negara” dalam tindak pidana korupsi sebagaimana yang tercantum dalam Pasal 2 Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 tentang Tindak Pidana Korupsi tidaklah benar, rumusan Pasal 27 tersebut sudah sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 2014 tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan dan Asas-Asas Umum Pemerintahan yang Baik serta pendapat para ahli mengenai diskresi.
Shifting focus from ideality to reality: a qualitative study on how quality of life is defined by premanifest and manifest Huntington’s disease gene expansion carriers
Authors: Lonkhuizen Pearl J. C. van , Heemskerk Anne-Wil , Slutter Leanne , Duijn Erik van , de Bot Susanne T. , Chavannes Niels H. , Meijer Eline 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Understanding quality of life (QoL) is important in diseases for which there is no cure to date, such as Huntington’s disease (HD). A deeper level of understanding is, however, compromised by the lack of studies examining QoL from the perspectives of HD gene expansion carriers (HDGECs). Only a few qualitative studies on QoL in HD have been performed, yet none investigated how QoL is defined by HDGECs themselves.
Objective: This qualitative study explores how premanifest and manifest HDGECs define their QoL.
Methods: Online semi-structured interviews were conducted with 6 premanifest and 6 manifest HDGECs in the Netherlands. Qualitative content analysis was used to explore participants’ QoL definitions via inductive coding and the subsequent formulation of (sub)categories and (sub)themes.
Results: Premanifest and manifest HDGECs had a different focus when defining QoL. Two subthemes were identified for premanifest HDGECs: Thoughts about a meaningful life regardless of HD and Concerns about the future progression and impact of HD. For manifest HDGECs, two other subthemes were identified: Coming to terms with HD and Shifting perspectives due to the impact of HD. One overall theme was generated, reflecting the difference and adaptive shift in focus between premanifest and manifest HDGECs: Shifting focus from ideality to reality.
Conclusions: In providing optimal care, HDGECs should be considered as part of a complex, continuously changing environment, thereby taking into account their individual QoL experiences and tailoring care accordingly. HDGECs might benefit from forming helpful beliefs about future adaptability and resilience and developing adaptive coping strategies.
Deciphering autism heterogeneity: a molecular stratification approach in four mouse models
Authors: Pellissier Lucie , Gora Caroline , Dudas Ana , vaugrente Oceane , Drobecq Lucile , Pecnard Emmanuel , Lefort Gaelle 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impairments in social interaction, communication, as well as restrained or stereotyped behaviors. The inherent heterogeneity within the autism spectrum poses challenges for developing effective pharmacological treatments targeting core features. Successful clinical trials require the identification of robust markers to enable patient stratification. In this study, we identified molecular markers within the oxytocin and immediate early gene families across five interconnected brain structures of the social circuit. We used wild-type and four heterogeneous ASD mouse models, each exhibiting unique behavioral features along the autism spectrum. While dysregulations in the oxytocin family were model-specific, immediate early genes displayed widespread alterations, reflecting global changes in social plasticity in the four models. Through integrative analysis, we identified Egr1, Foxp1, Homer1a, Oxt and Oxtr as five robust and discriminant molecular markers that allowed successful stratification of the four models. Importantly, our stratification demonstrated predictive values when challenged with a fifth mouse model or identifying subgroups of mice potentially responsive to oxytocin treatment. Beyond providing insights into oxytocin and immediate early gene mRNA dynamics, this proof-of-concept study represents a significant step toward potential stratification of individuals with ASD. This work has implications for the success of clinical trials and the development of personalized medicine in autism.
Why do undergraduate medical students choose medical humanities? A cross-sectional study at an Italian university
Authors: Tusoni Francesca , Giusti Laura , Iagnemma Annalisa , Necozione Stefano , Franceschini Alessandro , Ferrara Vincenza , Romano Silvio , Cofini Vincenza , Fabiani Leila 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Medical humanities can contribute positively to clinical practice and medical education. Therefore, in many countries, medical schools have been progressively incorporating medical humanities into their curriculum. In Italy, only a few medical schools offer a variety of medical humanities courses, often as elective. What induces Italian medical students to take a medical humanities course has not yet been explored. The aim of this study is to fill this gap by investigating whether academic performance, sociodemographic and psychological variables may influence student motivation.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study in a medical school and collected data from 260 medical students, from the 3rd to the 6th years of study course. The students who took a course in Medical Humanities were compared with those who took not, analysing numeric variables (age, grade point average, psychometric scores) and categorical variables (gender, nationality, educational level, living conditions). Motivations were investigated by open-ended questions and categorized prior to analyses.
Results
The two subgroups showed no significant differences in sociodemographic characteristics, except for age, which was lower for the students who chose to take a medical humanities course (p < 0.001). Psychological scores were worse for the students taking a Medical Humanities course. However, only anxiety differed significantly (p < 0.05). Regarding academic performance, the number of examinations passed was similar between the groups, while the average grade was lower for the students taking the course (p < 0.01). Interest in the humanities and their educational potential were the main reasons for choosing to take a course in medical humanities (76.2%). Concurrent commitments and lack of time were the major obstacles to this choice (39%).
Conclusions
Age, anxiety levels and expectations of academic performance can play a decisive role in the choice of whether to attend a medical humanities course. Considering the workload due to curricular activities when scheduling elective courses could increase student participation.
Molecular interplay between HURP and Kif18A in mitotic spindle regulation
Authors: Nogales Eva , Perez-Bertoldi Juan , Zhao Yuanchang , Thawani Akanksha , Yildiz Ahmet 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

During mitosis, microtubule dynamics are regulated to ensure proper alignment and segregation of chromosomes. The dynamics of kinetochore-attached microtubules are regulated by hepatoma-upregulated protein (HURP) and the mitotic kinesin-8 Kif18A, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Using single-molecule imaging in vitro, we demonstrate that Kif18A motility is regulated by HURP. While sparse decoration of HURP activates the motor, higher concentrations hinder processive motility. To shed light on this behavior, we determined the binding mode of HURP to microtubules using Cryo-EM. The structure reveals that one HURP motif spans laterally across β-tubulin, while a second motif binds between adjacent protofilaments. HURP partially overlaps with the microtubule-binding site of the Kif18A motor domain, indicating that excess HURP inhibits Kif18A motility by steric exclusion. We also observed that HURP and Kif18A function together to suppress dynamics of the microtubule plus-end, providing a mechanistic basis for how they collectively serve in spindle length control.
Flow control of three-dimensional cylinders transitioning to turbulence via multi-agent reinforcement learning
Authors: Suárez Pol , Álcantara-Ávila Francisco , Rabault Jean , Miró Arnau , Font Bernat , Lehmkuhl Oriol , Vinuesa Ricardo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Designing active-flow-control (AFC) strategies for three-dimensional (3D) bluff bodies is a challenging task with critical industrial implications. In this study we explore the potential of discovering novel control strategies for drag reduction using deep reinforcement learning. We introduce a high-dimensional AFC setup on a 3D cylinder, considering Reynolds numbers (Re_D) from 100 to 400, which is a range including the transition to 3D wake instabilities. The setup involves multiple zero-net-mass-flux jets positioned on the top and bottom surfaces, aligned into two slots. The method relies on coupling the computational-fluid-dynamics solver with a multi-agent reinforcement-learning (MARL) framework based on the proximal-policy-optimization algorithm. MARL offers several advantages: it exploits local invariance, adaptable control across geometries, facilitates transfer learning and cross-application of agents, and results in a significant training speedup. For instance, our results demonstrate 21% drag reduction for Re_D=300, outperforming classical periodic control, which yields up to 6% reduction. To the authors' knowledge, the present MARL-based framework represents the first time where training is conducted in 3D cylinders. This breakthrough paves the way for conducting AFC on progressively more complex turbulent-flow configurations.