bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Colour gamut analysis of low‐cost dye‐sensitised solar cells using natural dyes
Authors: Haghighi Sanaz Shirahmad , Jafari Razieh , Hosseinnezhad Mozhgan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDue to the increasing effects of greenhouse gases and environmental pollution, the need for new clean energies like solar energy attracts much attention. Although the characteristics and the efficiency of green photovoltaic devices have been researched, the colour gamut achievable from those devices has not been studied. This study investigates the colour gamut of low‐cost dye‐sensitised solar cells (DSSCs). To do this, 14 natural dye extracts were obtained from herbal resources including dragon fruit, blueberry, mango, radish, yellow rose, red cabbage, sour pomegranate, beetroot, olive, green cabbage pepper, eggplant, parsley, bramble and cherry, and employed as photosensitiser in solar cells. Then, the colorimetric attributes of the photosensitisers were studied in three‐dimensional (3D)‐colour space, that is, CIELab, CIELCH and CIE1931 chromaticity diagram. Additionally, the convex hull method was employed to determine the colour gamut boundary and the corresponding colour gamut volume. Results showed that the majority of samples benefited from approximately 3°–82° of hue angle in a*b* diagram of CIELab colour space and showed the yellowish to reddish tint effects. In CIELCH colour order system, cherry and parsley showed the lowest and highest lightness attributes while the chroma property of samples varied from minimum 1.2 for eggplant to maximum 60.2 for the dragon fruit. Moreover, the results of using the convex hull method showed the volume of 7.73 × 104 that is bounded by the colour gamut of 3D colour points over the CIELab colour space.
Quantitative analysis of lung lesions using unenhanced chest computed tomography images
Authors: Zarei Fariba , Jannatdoust Payam , Malekpour Siamak , Razaghi Mahshad , Chatterjee Sabyasachi , Varadhan Chatterjee Vani , Abbasi Amirbahador , Haghighi Rezvan Ravanfar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionChest radiograph and computed tomography (CT) scans can accidentally reveal pulmonary nodules. Malignant and benign pulmonary nodules can be difficult to distinguish without specific imaging features, such as calcification, necrosis, and contrast enhancement. However, these lesions may exhibit different image texture characteristics which cannot be assessed visually. Thus, a computer‐assisted quantitative method like histogram analysis (HA) of Hounsfield unit (HU) values can improve diagnostic accuracy, reducing the need for invasive biopsy.MethodsIn this exploratory control study, nonenhanced chest CT images of 20 patients with benign (10) and cancerous (10) lesion were selected retrospectively. The appearances of benign and malignant lesions were very similar in chest CT images, and only pathology report was used to discriminate them. Free hand region of interest (ROI) was inserted inside the lesion for all slices of each lesion. Mean, minimum, maximum, and standard deviations of HU values were recorded and used to make HA.ResultsHA showed that the most malignant lesions have a mean HU value between 30 and 50, a maximum HU less than 150, and a minimum HU between −30 and 20. Lesions outside these ranges were mostly benign.ConclusionQuantitative CT analysis may differentiate malignant from benign lesions without specific malignancy patterns on unenhanced chest CT image.
Ethnic disparities in quality of diabetes care in Scotland: A national cohort study
Authors: Scheuer Stine H. , Fleetwood Kelly , Wild Sarah H. , Jackson Caroline A. ,   Scottish Diabetes Research Network epidemiology group
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study is to compare quality of diabetes care in people with type 2 diabetes by ethnicity, in Scotland.MethodsUsing a linked national diabetes registry, we included 162,122 people newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes between 2009 and 2018. We compared receipt of nine guideline indicated processes of care in the first‐year post‐diabetes diagnosis using logistic regression, comparing eight ethnicity groups to the White group. We compared annual receipt of HbA1c and eye screening during the entire follow‐up using generalised linear mixed effects. All analyses adjusted for confounders.ResultsReceipt of diabetes care was lower in other ethnic groups compared to White people in the first‐year post‐diagnosis. Differences were most pronounced for people in the: African, Caribbean or Black; Indian; and other ethnicity groups for almost all processes of care. For example, compared to White people, odds of HbA1c monitoring were: 44% lower in African, Caribbean or Black people (OR 0.56 [95% CI 0.48, 0.66]); 47% lower in Indian people (OR 0.53 [95% CI 0.47, 0.61]); and 50% lower in people in the other ethnicity group (OR 0.50 [95% CI 0.46, 0.58]). Odds of receipt of eye screening were 30%–40% lower in most ethnic groups compared to the White group. During median 5 year follow‐up, differences in HbA1c monitoring and eye screening largely persisted, but attenuated slightly for the former.ConclusionsThere are marked ethnic disparities in routine diabetes care in Scotland in the short‐ and medium‐term following diabetes diagnosis. Further investigation is needed to establish and effectively address the underlying reasons.
How the wellbeing function varies with age: the importance of income, health and social relations over the lifecycle
Authors: Bitzer Jürgen , Gören Erkan , Welsch Heinz 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPrevious literature has identified income, health status and social relationships as the most important predictors of subjective wellbeing (SWB). In addition, the literature has identified a non‐linear relationship between age and SWB, with a dip in SWB in midlife. Explanations of the non‐linear age–SWB relationship include the notion of unmet aspirations and the idea that people's emotional response to the drivers of SWB changes with age. Against this background, we use representative longitudinal data for Germany (1992–2019) with about 570,000 observations for more than 88,000 individuals aged 16–105 years to investigate if and how the association between SWB and its main predictors changes over the lifecycle. Using fixed effects estimation to control for cohort effects and unobserved personal characteristics, we find that the marginal effects of income and social relationships vary with age in a wave‐like fashion, while the positive marginal effect of good health status increases monotonically and progressively with age. Our results are similar for alternative measures of SWB (life satisfaction and living in misery), and for men and women separately. The age‐related changes in the importance of income and social relationships for SWB found in this paper help to explain the relationship between age and SWB found in previous literature.
Institutional investor network and idiosyncratic volatility of stocks
Authors: Zhai Xiaoying , Ma Huiping , Zhang Yongmin , Wang Peijun , Toh Moau Yong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper constructs an institutional investor network based on the heavy holdings of the same stock in China and conducts a social network analysis to investigate the influence of this network on stock price volatility from the perspectives of network structure (density) and location (centrality). The study demonstrates that institutional investor network density is negatively related to stock price volatility, while network centrality is positively related to it. Mechanism analyses further reveal that network density reduces stock price volatility by mitigating private information arbitrage behavior among institutional investors, whereas network centrality increases stock price volatility by creating private information arbitrage opportunities within the network. Additionally, the paper finds that information asymmetry enhances the positive effect of network centrality on stock price volatility. These findings are generally consistent across subsample analyses for different market states, reactions to good and bad news, and types of equity ownership, as well as in other robustness tests. The practical implications of these findings are significant for market stability regulation.
Cholinergic modulation of motor sequence learning
Authors: Voegtle Angela , Mohrbutter Catharina , Hils Jonathan , Schulz Steve , Weuthen Alexander , Brämer Uwe , Ullsperger Markus , Sweeney‐Reed Catherine M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe cholinergic system plays a key role in motor function, but whether pharmacological modulation of cholinergic activity affects motor sequence learning is unknown. The acetylcholine receptor antagonist biperiden, an established treatment in movement disorders, reduces attentional modulation, but whether it influences motor sequence learning is not clear. Using a randomized, double‐blind placebo‐controlled crossover design, we tested 30 healthy young participants and showed that biperiden impairs the ability to learn sequential finger movements, accompanied by widespread oscillatory broadband power changes (4–25 Hz) in the motor sequence learning network after receiving biperiden, with greater power in the theta, alpha and beta bands over ipsilateral motor and bilateral parietal–occipital areas. The reduced early theta power during a repeated compared with random sequence, likely reflecting disengagement of top‐down attention to sensory processes, was disrupted by biperiden. Alpha synchronization during repeated sequences reflects sensory gating and lower visuospatial attention requirements compared with visuomotor responses to random sequences. After biperiden, alpha synchronization was greater, potentially reflecting excessive visuospatial attention reduction, affecting visuomotor responding required to enable sequence learning. Beta oscillations facilitate sequence learning by integrating visual and somatosensory inputs, stabilizing repeated sequences and promoting prediction of the next stimulus. The beta synchronization after biperiden fits with a disruption of the selective visuospatial attention enhancement associated with initial sequence learning. These findings highlight the role of cholinergic processes in motor sequence learning.
Revisiting the research on social networks and entrepreneurship: An integrative framework and research agenda
Authors: Wang Xiao , Zhu Li , Xiang Ricardo T. , Zheng Leven J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFollowing on from reviews about social networks and entrepreneurship published more than 10 years ago, this article updates our knowledge by reviewing and grouping representative studies among 693 articles selected from the Web of Science. This review identifies research patterns in major subrealms, examines research achievements in the light of earlier reviews' suggestions discusses directions for further research, and develops an integrative framework to advance theory and empirical knowledge of social networks and entrepreneurship.
‘Who is the ideal woman?’: The subjectification of impoverished Javanese working mothers
Authors: Ginting‐Carlström Carmelita Euline 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study examines the subjectification of working mothers through the lens of intersectionality by listening to the under‐represented voices of those whose lives are shaped at the intersections of gender, poverty, Islam, and Javanese ethnicity. Drawing on poststructuralist feminist discourse analysis, the subtle subjectification process is observed through conversational interactions in which working mothers construct the ‘ideal woman’. The findings challenge the predominant postfeminist framing in the extant literature by illustrating how here working mothers draw on a specifically local discourse (i.e., moderate‐Islam and Javanese cultural discourses) to construct the ideal woman as embodying the dual wife‐mother identities. Based on these locally dependent discourses, working mothers accentuate their identity as wives while subduing identities as mothers and workers. The emphasis on the underexplored wife identity imbues work with a distinct significance for mothers within this context.
Early drain removal after hepatectomy based on bile leakage prediction using drainage fluid volume and direct bilirubin level
Authors: Muranushi Ryo , Harimoto Norifumi , Seki Takaomi , Hagiwara Kei , Hoshino Kouki , Ishii Norihiro , Tsukagoshi Mariko , Igarashi Takamichi , Watanabe Akira , Araki Kenichiro , Shirabe Ken 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to determine the value of the drainage fluid volume and direct bilirubin level for predicting significant bile leakage (BL) after hepatectomy and establish novel criteria for early drain removal.MethodsData from 351 patients who underwent hepatic resection at Gunma University in Japan between October 2018 and March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of patients with and without significant BL were compared. Criteria for early drain removal were determined and verified.ResultsBile leakage occurred in 27 (7.1%) patients; 8 (2.3%) had grade A leakage and 19 (5.4%) had grade B leakage. The optimal cut‐off value for the drainage fluid direct bilirubin level on postoperative day (POD) 2 was 0.16 mg/dL, which had the highest area under the curve and negative predictive value (NPV). Patients with BL had significantly larger drainage volumes on POD 2. The best cut‐off value was 125 mL because it had the greatest NPV. Patients in both the primary and validation (n = 90) cohorts with bilirubin levels less than 0.16 mg/dL and drainage volumes less than 125 mL did not experience leakage.ConclusionsA drainage fluid volume less than 125 mL and direct bilirubin level less than 0.16 mg/dL on POD 2 are criteria for safe early drain removal after hepatectomy.
Development of an early warning system for higher education institutions by predicting first‐year student academic performance
Authors: Çırak Cem Recai , Akıllı Hakan , Ekinci Yeliz 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, an early warning system predicting first‐year undergraduate student academic performance is developed for higher education institutions. The significant factors that affect first‐year student success are derived and discussed such that they can be used for policy developments by related bodies. The dataset used in experimental analyses includes 11,698 freshman students' data. The problem is constructed as classification models predicting whether a student will be successful or unsuccessful at the end of the first year. A total of 69 input variables are utilized in the models. Naive Bayes, decision tree and random forest algorithms are compared over model prediction performances. Random forest models outperformed others and reached 90.2% accuracy. Findings show that the models including the fall semester CGPA variable performed dramatically better. Moreover, the student's programme name and university placement exam score are identified as the other most significant variables. A critical discussion based on the findings is provided. The developed model may be used as an early warning system, such that necessary actions can be taken after the second week of the spring semester for students predicted to be unsuccessful to increase their success and prevent attrition.
Bandits, heroes and villains: A view from a settler colony
Authors: Foster Meg 
Published: May 2024

Abstract‘Bushrangers’ were late 18th to early 20th‐century bandits who lived in the Australian bush through the proceeds of crime, but today, they are national legends. A particular constellation of factors led to the white male bushranger's status as a national hero in Australia. By charting the development of bushranging historiography alongside bushranging in practice and the bushranging myth, this article will demonstrate the distinctive Australian and settler colonial dimensions of this bandit tradition. In describing how white bushranging men came to national prominence, the piece will also draw attention to those excluded from this legend—women and people of colour, with particular reference to Aboriginal people. The Australian bushranging myth, as it exists today, was not an organic or natural development. It was actively constructed by white settlers, including white settler historians.
Evaluating the usability of public health data dashboards as information sources for professionals and the public: Findings from a case study with domain experts
Authors: Ansari Bahareh 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundRecently, public health data dashboards have gained popularity as trusted, up‐to‐date sources of health information. However, their usability and usefulness may be limited.ObjectiveTo identify the requirements of usable public health data dashboards through a case study with domain experts.MethodsPaired‐user virtual data collection sessions were conducted with 20 experts in three steps: (1) a monitored use of an existing dashboard to complete tasks and discuss the usability problems, (2) a survey rating user experience, and (3) an interview regarding the users and use cases. Data analysis included quantitative analysis of the survey findings and thematic analysis of the audio transcripts.ResultsAnalyses yielded several findings: (1) familiar charts with clear legends and labels should be used to focus users' attention on the content; (2) charts should be organized in a simple and consistent layout; (3) contextual information should be provided to help with interpretations; (4) data limitations should be clearly communicated; (5) guidance should be provided to lead user interactions.DiscussionThe identified requirements guide health librarians and information professionals in evaluating public health data dashboards.ConclusionPublic health data dashboards should be designed based on users' needs to provide useful up‐to‐date information sources for health information consumers.
Unravelling moderated mediating effects of loss aversion, information avoidance and self‐efficacy on cancer fear and cancer screening
Authors: Lam Jocelin Y. , Lin Sapphire H. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundCancer health campaigns provide information to drive early detection.ObjectiveTo examine the effect of cancer fear on cancer screening focusing on the mediating role of loss aversion, a concept derived from prospect theory. We hypothesize that fear initiates negative beliefs that cancer can cause the loss of way of life leading to information avoidance, and indirectly influences cancer screening intentions. This theoretical model is conditional, in that one's degree of self‐efficacy moderates cancer screening intentions.MethodsA cross‐sectional sample (N = 371), aged 35 to 70, recruited via an online panel. Participants completed a questionnaire containing demographic and examined variables. Using conditional process, we tested the proposed theoretical framework.ResultsCancer fear was positively associated with cancer screening, and an indirect path was found where loss aversion and information avoidance negatively mediated the relationship. Self‐efficacy was found to significantly moderate information avoidance and cancer screening intentions. Among those who reported high information avoidance, less self‐efficacious individuals had lower cancer screening intentions compared to those more self‐efficacious.ConclusionWe confirm extant literature that negative views of cancer lead to loss aversion and information avoidance. Using prospect theory can help make messaging for cancer screening more effective.
Gluten fractions unevenly altered the digestion and physical properties of wheat starch‐lauric acid system under non‐alkaline/alkaline conditions
Authors: Sun Jing , Lv Meng‐yao , Zheng Shuang‐yi , Zhang Hai‐long , Ding Wen‐ping , Wang Xue‐dong , Du Jing 
Published: May 2024

SummaryThis research delved into the role of gluten fractions on digestion, physical properties and structure of wheat starch (WS)–lauric acid (LA) system under non‐alkaline/alkaline conditions. Results showed that gluten fractions decreased the digestion of WS with LA and gliadin had greater effect on the digestion of WS with LA under non‐alkaline/alkaline conditions than glutenin. Specifically, gliadin increased RS content of WS with LA by 70.99% and 84.89%, respectively, under non‐alkaline and alkaline conditions. The diminished in WS digestion caused by gluten fractions and LA ascribed to the decrease in swelling power and leaching of starch. Rapid viscosity analyser (RVA) demonstrated that gluten fractions were conducive to WS–LA and/or WS–LA–protein complexes formation and gliadin was more helpful to these complexes' formation than glutenin under non‐alkaline conditions. Additionally, gliadin had greater effect on the stability and short‐range ordered structure of WS with LA than glutenin. Addition of gliadin resulted in 6.79% and 13.33% of increase in short‐range orderliness compared with WS–LA system under non‐alkaline and alkaline conditions, respectively. Furthermore, gluten fractions had greater influence on the digestion of WS with LA under alkaline conditions than non‐alkaline conditions ascribed to the formation of WS–LA and/or WS–LA–protein complexes with low swelling power and high ordered structure under alkaline conditions. This study provided crucial information on the design of starchy foods with low digestion.
Microbial influences on severity and sex bias of systemic autoimmunity
Authors: Lee Jean , Reiman Derek , Singh Samara , Chang Anthony , Morel Laurence , Chervonsky Alexander V. 
Published: May 2024

SummaryCommensal microbes have the capacity to affect development and severity of autoimmune diseases. Germ‐free (GF) animals have proven to be a fine tool to obtain definitive answers to the queries about the microbial role in these diseases. Moreover, GF and gnotobiotic animals can be used to dissect the complex symptoms and determine which are regulated (enhanced or attenuated) by microbes. These include disease manifestations that are sex biased. Here, we review comparative analyses conducted between GF and Specific‐Pathogen Free (SPF) mouse models of autoimmunity. We present data from the B6;NZM‐Sle1NZM2410/AegSle2NZM2410/AegSle3NZM2410/Aeg−/LmoJ (B6.NZM) mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) characterized by multiple measurable features. We compared the severity and sex bias of SPF, GF, and ex‐GF mice and found variability in the severity and sex bias of some manifestations. Colonization of GF mice with the microbiotas taken from B6.NZM mice housed in two independent institutions variably affected severity and sexual dimorphism of different parameters. Thus, microbes regulate both the severity and sexual dimorphism of select SLE traits. The sensitivity of particular trait to microbial influence can be used to further dissect the mechanisms driving the disease. Our results demonstrate the complexity of the problem and open avenues for further investigations.