bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioaccumulation dynamics and exposure routes of Cd and Cu among species of aquatic mayflies
Authors: Cain Daniel , Croteau Marie-Noële , Luoma Samuel 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Consumption of periphyton is a potentially important route of metal exposure to benthic invertebrate grazers. The present study examined the bioaccumulation kinetics of dissolved and dietary Cd and Cu in five species of mayflies (class Insecta). Artificial stream water and benthic diatoms were separately labeled with enriched stable metal isotopes to determine physiological rate constants used by a biokinetic bioaccumulation model. The model was employed to simulate the effects of metal partitioning between water and food, expressed as the bioconcentration factor (BCF), as well as ingestion rate (IR) and metal assimilation efficiency of food (AE), on the relative importance of water and food to metal bioaccumulation. For all test species, the contribution of dietary uptake of Cd and Cu increased with BCF. For a given BCF, the contribution of food to the body burden increased with kuf, the metal uptake rate constant from food that combined variation in IR and AE. To explore the relative importance of water and diet exposure routes under field conditions, we used estimated site-specific aqueous free-ion concentrations to model Cd and Cu accumulation from aqueous exposure, exclusively. The predicted concentrations accounted for less than 5% of the observed concentrations, implying that most bioaccumulated metal was acquired from food. At least for the taxa considered in this study, we conclude that consumption of metal-contaminated periphyton can result in elevated metal body burdens and potentially increase the risk of metal toxicity. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:2532–2541. © 2011 SETAC
Atypical neurofibromas in neurofibromatosis type 1 are premalignant tumors
Authors: Beert Eline , Brems Hilde , Daniëls Bruno , De Wever Ivo , Van Calenbergh Frank , Schoenaers Joseph , Debiec‐Rychter Maria , Gevaert Olivier , De Raedt Thomas , Van Den Bruel Annick , de Ravel Thomy , Cichowski Karen , Kluwe Lan , Mautner Victor , Sciot Raf , Legius Eric 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBenign peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs) are a characteristic feature of neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) patients. NF1 individuals have an 8–13% lifetime risk of developing a malignant PNST (MPNST). Atypical neurofibromas are symptomatic, hypercellular PNSTs, composed of cells with hyperchromatic nuclei in the absence of mitoses. Little is known about the origin and nature of atypical neurofibromas in NF1 patients. In this study, we classified the atypical neurofibromas in the spectrum of NF1‐associated PNSTs by analyzing 65 tumor samples from 48 NF1 patients. We compared tumor‐specific chromosomal copy number alterations between benign neurofibromas, atypical neurofibromas, and MPNSTs (low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐grade) by karyotyping and microarray‐based comparative genome hybridization (aCGH). In 15 benign neurofibromas (4 subcutaneous and 11 plexiform), no copy number alterations were found, except a single event in a plexiform neurofibroma. One highly significant recurrent aberration (15/16) was identified in the atypical neurofibromas, namely a deletion with a minimal overlapping region (MOR) in chromosome band 9p21.3, including CDKN2A and CDKN2B. Copy number loss of the CDKN2A/B gene locus was one of the most common events in the group of MPNSTs, with deletions in low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐grade MPNSTs. In one tumor, we observed a clear transition from a benign‐atypical neurofibroma toward an intermediate‐grade MPNST, confirmed by both histopathology and aCGH analysis. These data support the hypothesis that atypical neurofibromas are premalignant tumors, with the CDKN2A/B deletion as the first step in the progression toward MPNST. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cervical cord FMRI abnormalities differ between the progressive forms of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Valsasina Paola , Rocca Maria A. , Absinta Martina , Agosta Federica , Caputo Domenico , Comi Giancarlo , Filippi Massimo 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjective: Aim of this study was to compare tactile‐associated cervical cord fMRI activity between primary progressive (PP) and secondary progressive (SP) MS patients and to investigate whether cord recruitment was associated with structural brain and cord damage. Experimental Design: Cervical cord fMRI during a tactile stimulation of the right hand was acquired from 17 healthy controls, 18 SPMS patients, and 16 PPMS patients. Average fMRI activity and its topographical distribution in cord sectors (left vs. right, posterior vs. anterior) were assessed. Correlations between cord recruitment and structural cord and brain MRI were estimated. Principal Observations: Progressive MS patients showed an increased cord recruitment compared with controls (P = 0.003). Despite a similar structural cord damage, cord activity was increased in SPMS compared to PPMS patients (P = 0.05). Regional analysis showed a non‐lateralized pattern of cord recruitment in MS patients. Compared to PPMS, SPMS patients had grey matter (GM) atrophy in several cortical and subcortical regions. In SPMS patients, atrophy of the left postcentral gyrus was correlated with cord activity (r = −0.48, P = 0.04). Conclusions: Patients with progressive MS had an over‐recruitment of the cervical cord, which was more pronounced in SPMS than PPMS, despite similar cord structural damage. The alteration of the complex modulation of spinal cord interneurons possibly due to a loss of supratentorial inhibition secondary to brain injury might contribute to explain the observed functional cord abnormalities. Hum Brain Mapp 33:2072–2080, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mesolimbic recruitment by nondrug rewards in detoxified alcoholics: Effort anticipation, reward anticipation, and reward delivery
Authors: Bjork James M. , Smith Ashley R. , Chen Gang , Hommer Daniel W. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAberrant sensitivity of incentive neurocircuitry to nondrug rewards has been suggested as either a risk factor for or consequence of drug addiction. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we tested whether alcohol‐dependent patients (ADP: n = 29) showed altered recruitment of ventral striatal (VS) incentive neurocircuitry compared to controls (n = 23) by: (1) cues to respond for monetary rewards, (2) post‐response anticipation of rewards, or (3) delivery of rewards. Using an instrumental task with two‐stage presentation of reward‐predictive information, subjects saw cues signaling opportunities to win $0, $1, or $10 for responding to a target. Following this response, subjects were notified whether their success would be indicated by a lexical notification (“Hit?”) or by delivery of a monetary reward (“Win?”). After a variable interval, subjects then viewed the trial outcome. We found no significant group differences in voxelwise activation by task contrasts, or in signal change extracted from VS. Both ADP and controls showed significant VS and other limbic recruitment by pre‐response reward anticipation. In addition, controls also showed VS recruitment by post‐response reward‐anticipation, and ADP had appreciable subthreshold VS activation. Both groups also showed similar mesolimbic responses to reward deliveries. Across all subjects, a questionnaire measure of “hot” impulsivity correlated with VS recruitment by post‐response anticipation of low rewards and with VS recruitment by delivery of low rewards. These findings indicate that incentive‐motivational processing of nondrug rewards is substantially maintained in recovering alcoholics, and that reward‐elicited VS recruitment correlates more with individual differences in trait impulsivity irrespective of addiction. Hum Brain Mapp 33:2174–2188, 2012. Published 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
New vessel formation in peritumoral area of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Hollemann David , Yanagida Genya , Rüger Beate M. , Neuchrist Csilla , Fischer Michael B. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundThis study was conducted to investigate the dynamic process of new vessel formation, fundamental for tumor growth and metastasis, in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).MethodsWe used immunohistochemistry, confocal laser‐scanning microscopy, and reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction to study endothelial cell and concomitant pericyte development with markers CD133, CD34, VEGFR‐2, CD31, vWF, and STRO‐1 in tumor and peritumoral tissues of 18 patients with HNSCC.ResultsHighly compressed and structurally abnormal vessels with barely any activity of new vessel formation were found in tumor tissue, whereas the adjacent peritumoral tissue vessels showed a normal architecture with tight endothelial cell–pericyte interaction and a high activity of angiogenesis. Endothelial precursor cells expressing CD133/VEGFR‐2 could be incorporated into these newly formed vessels, forming cell clusters from which a thin endothelial lining could emanate.ConclusionsThese data show a high activity of new vessel formation in the peritumoral stroma of HNSCC, with endothelial precursor cells being incorporated into these structures. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
No significant association between SIRT1 gene and methamphetamine‐induced psychosis in the Japanese population
Authors: Kishi Taro , Fukuo Yasuhisa , Okochi Tomo , Kitajima Tsuyoshi , Ujike Hiroshi , Inada Toshiya , Yamada Mitsuhiko , Uchimura Naohisa , Sora Ichiro , Iyo Masaomi , Ozaki Norio , Correll Christoph U. , Iwata Nakao 
Published: September 2011

ObjectivesWe previously showed that the sirtuin 1 gene (SIRT1 gene), one of the clock genes, was associated with schizophrenia in a Japanese patient population. Because the symptoms of methamphetamine (METH)‐induced psychosis are similar to those of paranoid type schizophrenia and because not every METH user develops psychosis, it is conceivable that METH‐induced psychosis and schizophrenia have common susceptibility genes. Therefore, we conducted an analysis of the association of SIRT1 gene with METH‐induced psychosis, hypothesizing a significant relationship.MethodsThis paper presents a case–control study of the SIRT1 gene in 515 Japanese individuals (197 with METH‐induced psychosis and 318 age‐matched and sex‐matched controls) with four tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs12778366, rs2273773, rs4746720, and rs10997875), selected a priori using the HapMap database.Resultsrs10997875 (located in the 3′ flanking region) was associated with METH‐induced psychosis (unadjusted pgenotype = 0.0203). However, these results became non‐significant after Bonferroni correction (corrected pgenotype = 0.0812). In the all‐marker haplotype analysis, the SIRT1 gene was not associated with METH‐induced psychosis (p = 0.146).ConclusionOur findings suggest that SIRT1 gene does not contribute to the development of METH‐induced psychosis in the Japanese population. However, a replication study using larger samples should be conducted to obtain conclusive results. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modeling the runoff and glacier mass balance in a small watershed on the Central Tibetan Plateau, China, from 1955 to 2008
Authors: Gao Hongkai , He Xiaobo , Ye Baisheng , Pu Jianchen 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe glaciers on Tibetan Plateau play an important role in the catchment hydrology of this region. However, our knowledge with respect to water circulation in this remote area is scarce. In this study, the HBV light model, which adopts the degree‐day model for glacial melting, was employed to simulate the total runoff, the glacier runoff and glacier mass balance (GMB) of the Dongkemadi River Basin (DRB) at the headwater of the Yangtze River on the Tibetan Plateau, China. Firstly, the daily temperature and precipitation of the DRB from 1955 to 2008 were obtained by statistical methods, based on daily meteorological data observed in the DRB (2005–2008) and recorded by four national meteorological stations near the DRB (1955–2008). Secondly, we used 4‐year daily air temperature, precipitation, runoff depth and monthly evaporation, which were observed in the DRB, as input to obtain a set of proper parameters. Then, the annual runoff, the glacier runoff and GMB (1955–2008) were calculated using the HBV model driven by interpolated meteorological data. The calculated GMB fits well with the observed results. At last, using the temperature and precipitation predicted by climate models, we predicted the changes of runoff depth and GMB of the DRB in the next 40 years. Under all climate‐change scenarios, annual glacier runoff shows a significant increase due to intensified ice melting. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Historical trends in Florida temperature and precipitation
Authors: Irizarry‐Ortiz Michelle M. , Obeysekera Jayantha , Park Joseph , Trimble Paul , Barnes Jenifer , Park‐Said Winifred , Gadzinski Erik 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBecause of its low topographic relief, unique hydrology, and the large interannual variability of precipitation, Florida is especially vulnerable to climate change. In this paper, we investigate a comprehensive collection of climate metrics to study historical trends in both averages and extremes of precipitation and temperature in the state. The data investigated consist of long‐term records (1892–2008) of precipitation and raw (unadjusted) temperature at 32 stations distributed throughout the state. To evaluate trends in climate metrics, we use an iterative pre‐whitening method, which aims to separate positive autocorrelation from trend present in time series.Results show a general decrease in wet season precipitation, most evident for the month of May and possibly tied to a delayed onset of the wet season. In contrast, there seems to be an increase in the number of wet days during the dry season, especially during November through January. We found that the number of dog days (above 26.7 °C) during the year and during the wet season has increased at many locations. For the post‐1950 period, a widespread decrease in the daily temperature range (DTR) is observed mainly because of increased daily minimum temperature (Tmin). Although we did not attempt to formally attribute these trends to natural versus anthropogenic causes, we find that the urban heat island effect is at least partially responsible for the increase in Tmin and its corresponding decrease in DTR at urbanized stations compared with nearby rural stations. In the future, a formal trend attribution study should be conducted for the region. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Levee effects upon flood levels: an empirical assessment
Authors: Heine Reuben A. , Pinter Nicholas 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis study used stream gauge records to assess the impact of levees on flood levels, providing an empirical test of theoretical and model predictions of the effects on local flood response. Focusing upon a study area in Illinois and Iowa for which levee records were available, we identified 203 gauges with ≥ 50 years hydrological record, including 15 gauges where a levee was constructed during the period of record. At these sites, step‐change analysis utilizing regression residuals tested levee‐related stage changes and levels of significance and quantified the magnitudes of stage changes. Despite large differences in stream sizes, levee alignments, and degree of floodplain constriction, the post‐levee rating‐curve adjustments showed consistent signatures. For all the study sites, stages for below bankfull (non‐flood) conditions were unaffected by levee construction. For above bankfull (flood) conditions, stages at sites downstream of their associated levees also were statistically indistinguishable before versus after levee construction. However, at all sites upstream of levees or within leveed reaches, stages increased for above bankfull conditions. These increases were abrupt, statistically significant, and generally large in magnitude – ranging up to 2.3 m (Wabash River at Mt. Carmel, IL). Stage increases began when discharge increased above bankfull flow and generally increased in magnitude with discharge until the associated levee(s) were overtopped. Detailed site assessments and supplementary data available from some sites helped document the dominant mechanisms by which levees can increase flood levels. Levee construction reduces the area of the floodplain open to storage of flood waters and reduces the width of the floodplain open to conveyance of flood flow. Floodplain conveyance often is underestimated or ignored, but Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) measurements analysed here confirm previous studies that up to 70% or more of the total discharge during large floods (~3% chance flood) can move over the floodplain. Upstream of levees and levee‐related floodplain constriction, backwater effects reduce flow velocities relative to pre‐levee conditions and, thus, increase stages for a given discharge. The empirical results here confirm a variety of theoretical predictions of levee effects but suggest that many one‐dimensional model‐based predictions of levee‐related stage changes may underestimate actual levee impacts. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of standard and actual crop evapotranspiration estimates derived from different evapotranspiration methods on the Canadian Prairies
Authors: Gervais M. , Mkhabela M. , Bullock P. , Raddatz R. , Finlay G. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractEvapotranspiration (ET) models have become essential tools in areas such as climate modelling, weather forecasting, crop yield forecasting and irrigation planning. The modified second‐generation Prairie Agrometeorology Model (PAMII1+2) estimates standard ET (ETc) (i.e. evapotranspiration from disease free, well fertilized crops, grown under optimum soil water conditions) by simulating crop development and the soil water balance using daily minimum and maximum surface air temperature, rainfall and upper air conditions to simulate the depth of the planetary boundary layer. The FAO56 Penman‐Monteith (FAO56 P‐M) method uses a reference surface/combination approach to calculate reference ET (ETo) and then multiply it by a crop coefficient (Kc) to derive ETc. The simplified water balance (WB) method estimates actual ET (ETa) as the residual of the water balance where precipitation and soil water variation are known. The objective of this study was to compare both ETc and ETa estimates from PAMII1+2 to those derived using the FAO56 P‐M and the water balance models.Comparison of daily ET rates between PAMII1+2 and the FAO56 P‐M method indicated significant differences in the ETc (RMSD = 1·88 mm d−1, r2 = 0·45) and ETa (RMSD = 1·65 mm d−1, r2 = 0·45). When compared to the WB derived weekly and biweekly total ETc, PAMII1+2 produced similar rates of ETa (r2 = 0·62, slope = 0·65), as the FAO56 P‐M (r2 = 0·61, slope = 0·50) model. Both models produced overall ETa rates that fell within the range of the measurement error associated with the WB method. Since PAMII1+2 produced similar ETc and ETa rates compared to the FAO56 P‐M method, for any potential user the choice between the PAMII1+2 and FAO56 P‐M is less a matter of accuracy and more a function of the type of input data available. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Panel data estimates of the production function and product and labor market imperfections
Authors: Dobbelaere Sabien , Mairesse Jacques 
Published: September 2011

SUMMARYConsistent with two models of imperfect competition in the labor market—the efficient bargaining model and the monopsony model—we provide two extensions of a microeconomic version of Hall's framework for estimating price‐cost margins. We show that both product and labor market imperfections generate a wedge between factor elasticities in the production function and their corresponding shares in revenue, which can be characterized by a ‘joint market imperfections parameter’. Using an unbalanced panel of 10,646 French firms in 38 manufacturing industries over the period 1978–2001, we can classify these industries into six different regimes depending on the type of competition in the product and the labor market. By far the most predominant regime is one of imperfect competition in the product market and efficient bargaining in the labor market (IC‐EB), followed by a regime of imperfect competition in the product market and perfect competition or right‐to‐manage bargaining in the labor market (IC‐PR), and by a regime of perfect competition in the product market and monopsony in the labor market (PC‐MO). For each of these three predominant regimes, we assess within‐regime firm differences in the estimated average price‐cost mark‐up and rent sharing or labor supply elasticity parameters, following the Swamy methodology to determine the degree of true firm dispersion. To assess the plausibility of our findings in the case of the dominant regime (IC‐EB), we also relate our industry and firm‐level estimates of price‐cost mark‐up and extent of rent sharing to industry characteristics and firm‐specific variables respectively. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Conventional apheresis therapies: A review
Authors: Ward David M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis article reviews advances in the scientific basis and medical practice of plasmapheresis and cytapheresis therapies. Newly‐characterized autoantibodies in neuromyelitis optica, Guillain‐Barre variants, anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) vasculitides, etc., exemplify the modern molecular biology which now provides a rigorous framework of understanding for the clinical practice of plasmapheresis. Clinical trials continue to clarify the appropriate use of therapeutic plasmapheresis (TPE) in these and other diseases. Centrifugal (cTPE) and membrane filtration (mTPE) types of plasmapheresis are compared, with details of the plasmapheresis prescription, anticoagulation choices, replacement fluids and other practical considerations. Plasma removal is more efficient with cTPE; mTPE systems have a lower plasma extraction ratio, and therefore require higher blood flow rates or longer procedure times. Autoantibodies and other pathogenic macromolecules targeted for removal by plasmapheresis can be depleted predictably when the plasma is discarded, as in conventional TPE. On‐line plasma processing to regenerate the patient's own plasma avoids the need for replacement albumin solutions or plasma transfusion, but is inherently less efficient at removing the target molecule, so usually requires a longer procedure. Therapeutic white cell reduction (leukapheresis), platelet reduction (thrombocytapheresis) and red cell exchange (erythrocytapheresis) require centrifugal apheresis systems. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.