bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nudging intensive care unit personnel towards sustainable behaviour
Authors: Van Der Zee Sophie , Verhoog Tamarah , Post Theo , Garcia‐Gomez Pilar , van Raaij Erik M. , Diehl Jan‐Carel , Hunfeld Nicole 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe health care sector is among the most carbon‐intensive sectors, contributing to societal problems like climate change. Previous research demonstrated that especially the use of personal protective equipment (e.g., aprons) in critical care contributes to this problem. To reduce personal protective equipment waste, new sustainable policies are needed. Policies are only effective if people comply.AimOur aim is to examine whether compliance with sustainable policies in critical care can be increased through behavioural influencing. Specifically, we examined the effectiveness of two sets of nudges (i.e., a Prime + Visual prompt nudge and a Social norm nudge) on decreasing apron usage in an intensive care unit (ICU).Study DesignWe conducted a field experiment with a pre‐ and post‐intervention measurement. Upon the introduction of the new sustainable policy, apron usage data were collected for 9 days before (132 observations) and 9 days after (114 observations) the nudge interventions were implemented.ResultsNeither the Prime + Visual prompt nudge, nor the Social norm nudge decreased apron usage.ConclusionsWhile previous studies have found that primes, visual nudges and social norm nudges can increase sustainable behaviour, we did not find evidence for this in our ICU field experiment. Future research is needed to determine whether this null finding reflects reality, or whether it was due to methodological decisions and limitations of the presented experiment.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe presented study highlights the importance of studying behavioural interventions that were previously proven successful in the lab and in other field contexts, in the complex setting of critical care. Results previously found in other contexts may not generalize directly to a critical care context. The unique characteristics of the critical care context also pose methodological challenges that may have affected the outcomes of this experiment.
The well‐being equation: How inner fulfilment drives the impact of older persons on the Ghanaian society
Authors: Oduro Joseph Kojo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding and managing the complex processes of ageing is a critical function of gerontological nursing, especially when it comes to older people’s well‐being and their contributions to society. Globally, older persons contribute in many ways to families and communities. However, the relationship between older person’s overall well‐being and their propensity to contribute to society remains an important gap in research.ObjectiveThe study examined the association between well‐being and the impact of older persons on Ghanaian society.MethodsA secondary analysis of longitudinal survey data of the 2014/15 Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE Wave 2) conducted by the World Health Organization was used. The multilevel logistic regression technique was used to examine four dimensions of well‐being and their associations with high social contribution among older persons. The output was reported as odds ratios (OR).ResultsThe results show that older persons who had high physical and psychological well‐being were more likely to contribute to society (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.93, 1.68), (OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.32, 2.33). However, those with high levels of emotional and spiritual well‐being were less likely to make social contributions (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.49, 0.88), (OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.66, 1.18).ConclusionThis study shows a positive association between well‐being and older persons’ societal impact. Good mental and physical health encourage societal involvement among older persons, while high emotional and spiritual well‐being may lead to less societal contribution.Implications for practiceThese findings are important for nursing policies promoting social contribution and well‐being among older persons 60 years and over in Ghana.
Assessing neophyte response to daily disposable silicone hydrogel contact lenses: A randomised clinical trial investigation over one month
Authors: Garcia‐Queiruga Jacobo , Pena‐Verdeal Hugo , Ferreiro‐Figueiras Dolores , Noya‐Padin Veronica , Giraldez Maria J. , Yebra‐Pimentel Eva 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis randomised clinical trial assessed the impact on symptoms, tear film dynamics and ocular surface integrity of daily disposable silicone‐hydrogel contact lenses (CLs) over a month, paying special attention to lid wiper epitheliopathy (LWE) and its implications for CL discomfort.MethodsNeophyte CL wearers (n = 44, 21.09 ± 5.00 years old) were randomly assigned to either the experimental (n = 24) or control group (n = 20). Participants assigned to the experimental group were required to wear daily disposable CLs for 1 month for at least 8 h/day and 6 days/week. All participants were healthy subjects (no history of ocular surgery or active ocular disease) with spherical refractive errors between −8.00 and +5.00 D and cylindrical power <0.75 D. At the baseline and 1‐month sessions, the Dry Eye Questionnaire 5 (DEQ‐5) was completed, together with the measurement of tear film osmolarity with the TearLab osmometer, tear meniscus height (TMH) and lipid layer pattern (LLP) using a slit‐lamp with Tearscope Plus attached, fluorescein break‐up time (FBUT), maximum blink interval (MBI), corneal staining with fluorescein under cobalt blue light and LWE with lissamine green under slit lamp and halogen white light.ResultsAt the baseline session, LWE showed a negative correlation with DEQ‐5 (r = −0.37, p = 0.02). Significant differences in FBUT and LWE (p = 0.04) and a positive correlation between LWE and DEQ‐5 (r = 0.49, p = 0.007) were observed at 1 month. Intrasession analysis at 1 month showed significant differences between the experimental and control groups in DEQ‐5, FBUT and LWE (all p ≤ 0.02). Intersession analysis in the experimental group showed variations in DEQ‐5, FBUT and LWE (all p ≤ 0.02) but no significant variation in the control group (all p ≥ 0.11).ConclusionThe presence of LWE was significantly correlated with higher symptom values in the DEQ‐5. Also, participants in the experimental group presented higher values of LWE after 1 month of CL wear, in comparison with the control group.
Melatonin promotes the recovery of apple plants after waterlogging by shaping the structure and function of the rhizosphere microbiome
Authors: Cao Yang , Du Peihua , Li Zhongyong , Xu Jizhong , Ma Changqing , Liang Bowen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe dynamics of the physiological adaptability of plants and the rhizosphere soil environment after waterlogging remain unclear. Here we investigated the mechanisms regulating plant condition and shaping of the rhizosphere microbiome in a pot experiment. In the experiment, we added melatonin to waterlogged plants, which promoted waterlogging relief. The treatment significantly enhanced photosynthesis and the antioxidant capacity of apple plants, and significantly promoted nitrogen (N) utilization efficiency by upregulating genes related to N transport and metabolism. Multiperiod soil microbiome analysis showed the dynamic effects of melatonin on the diversity of the microbial community during waterlogging recovery. Random forest and linear regression analyses were used to screen for potential beneficial bacteria (e.g., Azoarcus, Pseudomonas and Nocardioides) specifically regulated by melatonin and revealed a positive correlation with soil nutrient levels and plant growth. Furthermore, metagenomic analyses revealed the regulatory effects of melatonin on genes involved in N cycling in soil. Melatonin positively contributed to the accumulation of plant dry weight by upregulating the expression of nifD and nifK (N fixation). In summary, melatonin positively regulates physiological functions in plants and the structure and function of the microbial community; it promoted the recovery of apple plants after waterlogging stress.
Multilayer regulatory landscape and new regulators identification for bud dormancy release and bud break in Populus
Authors: Hu Zhenzhu , Wu Zhihao , Zhu Qiangqiang , Ma Mingru , Li Yue , Dai Xiaokang , Han Shaopeng , Xiang Songzhu , Yang Siting , Luo Jie , Kong Qiusheng , Ding Jihua 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFor trees originating from boreal and temperate regions, the dormancy‐to‐active transition, also known as bud dormancy release and bud break, are crucial processes that allow trees to reactive growth in the spring. The molecular mechanisms underlying these two processes remain poorly understood. Here, through integrative multiomics analysis of the transcriptome, DNA methylome, and proteome, we gained insights into the reprogrammed cellular processes associated with bud dormancy release and bud break. Our findings revealed multilayer regulatory landscapes governing bud dormancy release and bud break regulation, providing a valuable reference framework for future functional studies. Based on the multiomics analysis, we have determined a novel long intergenic noncoding RNA named Phenology Responsive Intergenic lncRNA 1 (PRIR1) plays a role in the activation of bud break. that the molecular mechanism of PRIR1 has been preliminary explored, and it may partially promote bud break by activating its neighbouring gene, EXORDIUM LIKE 5 (PtEXL5), which has also been genetically confirmed as an activator for bud break. This study has revealed a lncRNA‐mediated regulatory mechanism for the control of bud break in Populus, operating independently of known regulatory pathways.
Trichinella spiralis Larval Extract as a Biological Anti‐Tumor Therapy in a Murine Model of Ehrlich Solid Carcinoma
Authors: Younis Salwa S. , Salama Amina M. , Elmehy Dalia A. , Heabah Nehal A. , Rabah Hanem M. , Elakshar Sara H. , Awad Radwa A. , Gamea Ghada A. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTTrichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) is an immunomodulating parasite that can adversely affect tumor growth and extend host lifespan. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms by which T. spiralis larval antigens achieve this effect using Ehrlich solid carcinoma (ESC) murine model. Assessment was done by histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of caspase‐3, TNF‐α, Ki‐67 and CD31. Additionally, Bcl2 and Bcl2‐associated protein X (Bax) relative gene expression was assessed by molecular analysis for studying the effect of T. spiralis crude larval extract (CLE) antigen on tumor necrosis, apoptosis, cell proliferation and angiogenesis. We found that both T. spiralis infection and CLE caused a decrease in the areas of necrosis in ESC. Moreover, they led to increased apoptosis through activation of caspase‐3, up‐regulation of pro‐apoptotic gene, Bax and down‐regulation of anti‐apoptotic gene, Bcl2. Also, T. spiralis infection and CLE diminished ESC proliferation, as evidenced by decreasing Ki‐67. T. spiralis infection and CLE were able to suppress the development of ESC by inhibiting tumor proliferation, inducing apoptosis and decreasing tumor necrosis, with subsequent decrease in tumor metastasis. T. spiralis CLE antigen may be considered as a promising complementary immunotherapeutic agent in the treatment of cancer.
Regulatory T‐cells activated in metastatic draining lymph nodes possibly suppress cancer immunity in cancer tissues of head and neck squamous cell cancer
Authors: Suzuki Susumu , Tsuzuki Toyonori , Saito Masato , Ishii Toshihiko , Takahara Taishi , Satou Akira , Inukai Daisuke , Yamanaka Shunpei , Yoshikawa Kazuhiro , Ueda Ryuzo , Ogawa Tetsuya 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRegulatory T cells (Tregs) play an important role in creating an immunosuppressive microenvironment in cancer tissues. However, the mechanisms by which Tregs are activated and suppress cancer immunity remain unclear. To elucidate these mechanisms, we performed a T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire analysis of Tregs and conventional T cells in peripheral blood, draining lymph nodes (DLNs), and cancer tissues of patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC). We found that the TCR repertoire was skewed in cancer tissue and metastatic DLNs (M‐DLNs) compared with non‐metastatic DLNs, and TCR repertoire similarities in Tregs and CD8+ T cells between M‐DLNs and cancer tissue were high compared with those at other sites. These results suggest that Tregs and CD8+ T cells are activated in M‐DLNs and cancer tissues by cancer antigens, such as neoantigens, and shared antigens and Tregs suppress CD8+ T cell function in a cancer antigen‐specific manner in M‐DLNs and cancer tissue. Moreover, M‐DLNs might be a source of Tregs and CD8+ T cells recruited into the cancer tissue. Therefore, targeting Tregs in M‐DLNs in an antigen‐specific manner is expected to be a novel immunotherapeutic strategy for HNSCCs.
Bacterial blight: Once a menacing disease of cotton in India, now tamed and fading from research spotlight
Authors: Saini Anil Kumar , Saini Shubham , Raj Kushal , Beniwal Jogender , Garima Garima , Desai Savan G. , Singhal Pankhuri , Ramesh Gutha Venkata , Sain Satish Kumar , Kumar Rakesh , Kumar Anil , Bhambhu Mukul Kumar , Sandipan Prashant B. , Manikandan K. , Kumar Deepak , Bishnoi Ruchi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBacterial blight, incited by Xanthomonas citri pv. malvacearum (Xcm), is historically one of the most devastating diseases of cotton globally. In India, the initial documentation of the disease dates back to 1918 and it assumed a great magnitude after 1947, primarily triggered by cultivation of tetraploid cotton, as the earlier cultivated indigenous diploid cotton was naturally resistant to the pathogen, and became widespread during the 1970s. Among 20 races of bacterial blight pathogen documented at global level, Race 18 is the most virulent one and prominent in India. The pathogen inflicts damage at all crop stages, beginning with seedlings. The disease caused regular yield losses of 30%–35% in India and had become a formidable adversary to cotton cultivation in the country; however, over the years its appearance diminished. Much larger gains were apparently achieved when disease was managed with a combination of seed treatment, foliar sprays and bio‐agents. Furthermore, extensive breeding programmes led to development of resistant cultivars, which proved instrumental in managing the disease. The disease exhibited a sharp decline from the beginning of the 21st century and is now no longer a chronic problem in India. This comprehensive review attempts to provide insight into the dynamic nature of bacterial blight threatening cotton cultivation in India during the last century and the underpinning multifaceted research efforts that paved the way for countering the disease. An attempt is made to discuss the qualitative and quantitative studies on genetics of bacterial blight for facilitating the breeding programmes.
Effect of cryopreservation on Odc1 and RhoA genes expression in diapausing mouse blastocysts
Authors: Amstislavsky Sergei , Brusentsev Eugeny , Lebedeva Daria , Rozhkova Irina , Rakhmanova Tamara , Okotrub Svetlana , Kozeneva Varvara , Igonina Tatyana , Babochkina Tatyana 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe possibility of embryo cryopreservation is important for applying the genome resource banking (GRB) concept to those mammalian species that exhibit embryonal diapause in their early development. Odc1 encodes ODC1, which is a key enzyme in polyamine synthesis. RhoA is an essential part of Rho/ROCK system. Both Odc1 and RhoA play an important role in preimplantation embryo development. Studying these systems in mammalian species with obligate or experimentally designed embryonic diapause may provide insight into the molecular machinery underlying embryo dormancy and re‐activation. The effect of cryopreservation procedures on the expression of the Odc1 and RhoA in diapausing embryos has not been properly studied yet. The purpose of this work is to address the possibility of cryopreservation diapausing embryos and to estimate the expression of the Odc1 and RhoA genes in diapausing and non‐diapausing embryos before and after freeze–thaw procedures using ovariectomized progesterone treated mice as a model. Both diapausing and non‐diapausing in vivo‐derived embryos continued their development in vitro after freezing–thawing as evidenced by blastocoel re‐expansion. Although cryopreservation dramatically decreased the expression of the Odc1 and RhoA genes in non‐diapausing embryos, no such effects have been observed in diapausing embryos where these genes were already at the low level before freeze–thaw procedures. Future studies may attempt to facilitate the re‐activation of diapausing embryos, for example frozen–thawed ones, specifically targeting Odc1 or Rho/ROCK system.
Heterogeneity in crowd‐out by risk aversion: Assessing the effect of the ACA Medicaid expansion
Authors: Onal Sezen O. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, I estimate the heterogeneity in the crowd‐out of private health insurance by risk aversion with the Medicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study, I find that the Medicaid expansion led to a decrease in private coverage among risk‐loving individuals by 5 percentage points. However, the expansion did not lead to any meaningful change in private coverage for risk‐averse individuals. This finding suggests that risk‐averse individuals are willing to keep their private coverage, even though they become eligible for Medicaid. This potentially signals a sorting effect into private insurance. Under the assumption that highly risk‐averse individuals typically display superior health conditions, this preferential behavior could signify a form of advantageous selection into private insurance. Furthermore, the expansion increased Medicaid coverage by 3.4 percentage points for risk‐loving individuals, while not causing any discernible change in coverage among risk‐averse individuals. Such differential responses could potentially influence the risk composition of Medicaid coverage, and subsequently impact the cumulative expenditure associated with it.
NtG3BPL1 confers resistance to chilli veinal mottle virus through promoting the degradation of 6K2 in tobacco
Authors: Peng Qiding , Jiao Bolei , Cheng Yongchao , Yuan Bowen , Zhou Jingya , Cai Jingliu , Jiang Ning , Lin Honghui , Xi Dehui 
Published: May 2024

SUMMARYThe RNA regulatory network is a complex and dynamic regulation in plant cells involved in mRNA modification, translation, and degradation. Ras‐GAP SH3 domain‐binding protein (G3BP) is a scaffold protein for the assembly of stress granules (SGs) and is considered an antiviral component in mammals. However, the function of G3BP during virus infection in plants is still largely unknown. In this study, four members of the G3BP‐like proteins (NtG3BPLs) were identified in Nicotiana tabacum and the expression levels of NtG3BPL1 were upregulated during chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV) infection. NtG3BPL1 was localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm, forming cytoplasmic granules under transient high‐temperature treatment, whereas the abundance of cytoplasmic granules was decreased under ChiVMV infection. Overexpression of NtG3BPL1 inhibited ChiVMV infection and delayed the onset of symptoms, whereas knockout of NtG3BPL1 promoted ChiVMV infection. In addition, NtG3BPL1 directly interacted with ChiVMV 6K2 protein, whereas 6K2 protein had no effect on NtG3BPL1‐derived cytoplasmic granules. Further studies revealed that the expression of NtG3BPL1 reduced the chloroplast localization of 6K2‐GFP and the NtG3BPL1‐6K2 interaction complex was localized in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, NtG3BPL1 promoted the degradation of 6K2 through autophagy pathway, and the accumulation of 6K2 and ChiVMV was affected by autophagy activation or inhibition in plants. Taken together, our results demonstrate that NtG3BPL1 plays a positive role in tobacco resistance against ChiVMV infection, revealing a novel mechanism of plant G3BP in antiviral strategy.
Dar o Peixe Ou Ensinar a Pescar: O Falso Impasse Sobre a “Porta De Saída” do Programa Bolsa Família
Authors: Fraga Leurquin Pablo Georges Cícero , Monteiro Seixas Luiz Felipe , Costa dos Anjos Lucas 
Published: May 2024

Os críticos de programas de redistribuição de renda como o Bolsa Família costumam construir seus argumentos a partir da suposta oposição entre “dar o peixe” e “ensinar a pescar”. Esse falso impasse tem múltiplos problemas, com destaque para dois. O primeiro diz respeito à perspectiva simplista de que há uma escolha necessária entre retirar a pessoa da pobreza ou da extrema pobreza e viabilizar a sua inserção no mercado de trabalho. O segundo diz respeito à visão preconceituosa, mesmo que velada, de que as pessoas pobres são preguiçosas e que se usufruírem desse tipo de política, não vão querer trabalhar. O presente estudo tem como objetivo apresentar como o Bolsa Família, que acaba de completar 20 anos de existência, contribuiu para “porta de saída” do Cadastro Único (CadÚnico) de parte de seus beneficiários. O problema de pesquisa deriva do possível falso impasse sobre o Bolsa Família, apontado pelos seus críticos. A hipótese sustentada é a de que o programa tem estimulado que pessoas beneficiadas saiam do CadÚnico, atuando como instrumento de concretização de direitos socioeconômicos. Para tanto, adotou-se metodologia de natureza teórica, com base em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, fazendo uso de fontes primárias e secundárias, levantando os desdobramentos positivos do programa na redução das desigualdades e na garantia de condições mínimas para o exercício da cidadania política e socioeconômica. Além de textos acadêmicos, também foram apresentados artigos de opinião/jornalísticos e conclusões de estudos empíricos e dados oficiais sobre o programa. Foi possível concluir que o programa obteve êxito na viabilização da “porta de saída”, especialmente quando articulado a outras políticas públicas.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Bolsa Família; PBF; Cadastro Único; Porta de saída; Constituição de 1988; Direitos socioeconômicos.
On the length of nonsolutions to equations with constants in some linear groups
Authors: Bradford Henry , Schneider Jakob , Thom Andreas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe show that for any finite‐rank–free group , any word‐equation in one variable of length with constants in fails to be satisfied by some element of of word‐length . By a result of the first author, this logarithmic bound cannot be improved upon for any finitely generated group . Beyond free groups, our method (and the logarithmic bound) applies to a class of groups including for all , and the fundamental groups of all closed hyperbolic surfaces and 3‐manifolds. Finally, using a construction of Nekrashevych, we exhibit a finitely generated group and a sequence of word‐equations with constants in for which every nonsolution in is of word‐length strictly greater than logarithmic.