bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reasons for Not Returning to Pre-injury Sport Level After
ACL-Reconstruction
Authors: Bashaireh Khaldoon M. , Yabroudi Mohammad A. , Logerstedt David , Snyder-mackler Lynn , Nawasreh Zakariya H. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe study aimed to identify athlete-reported reasons for not returning to
pre-injury sports level after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR)
and to identify the factors associated with these reasons. Ninety-one athletes
with 2 years post-ACLR indicated whether or not they had returned to their
pre-injury sport level (same frequency, duration, and intensity). Athletes who
did not return were asked to provide the reasons. Athletes’ characteristics and
injury-related factors were used to determine factors associated with the
reasons for not returning. Only nine athletes (10%) returned to pre-injury sport
level after ACLR. The most common reasons for not returning were lack of
confidence or concerns about re-injury (48.8%), followed by continued
post-surgical impairments in the reconstructed knee (39%). Having episodes of
the knee giving way after ACLR was the only significant predictor of
post-surgical impairments (48.8%; OR=8.3, 95%CI=2.48–27.42, p=0.001). Lack of
confidence, concerns about re-injury, or post-surgical impairments in the
reconstructed knee were the most frequently reported reasons for not returning
to pre-injury sports level with 2 years post-ACLR. Reported dynamic knee
instability was the only factor associated with ongoing post-surgical knee
impairments after ACLR. Rehabilitation programs should address athletes’
psychological responses and resolve knee impairments to optimize return to
pre-injury sport level after ACLR.
Comparison of disposable digital single-operator cholangioscopy versus direct peroral cholangioscopy for the diagnosis of intraductal superficial lesions of the bile duct
Authors: Shin Il Sang , Moon Jong Ho , Lee Yun Nah , Kim Hee Kyung , Chung Jun Chul , Lee Tae Hoon , Yang Jae Kook , Cho Young Deok , Park Sang-Heum 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background Disposable digital single-operator cholangioscopy (D-SOC) and direct peroral cholangioscopy (D-POC) using an ultraslim endoscope are established POC modalities for the diagnosis and treatment of various biliary diseases. We compared the usefulness of D-SOC and D-POC for the diagnosis of intraductal superficial lesions of the bile duct (ISL-Bs).
Methods 38 consecutive patients with suspected biliary diseases who underwent both D-SOC and D-POC were enrolled. The primary outcome was ISL-B detection rate, and the secondary outcomes were technical success of POC and POC-guided forceps biopsy sampling (POC-FB), procedure time, visualization quality, and tissue adequacy.
Results D-SOC had a higher technical success rate than D-POC but the difference was not statistically significant (100% vs. 92.1%, P = 0.25). D-POC had a marginally higher ISL-B detection rate (34.2% vs. 28.9%, P = 0.68) and significantly higher visualization quality (P = 0.03). The mean (SD) procedure time was significantly shorter with D-SOC (11.00 [1.33] vs. 19.03 [2.95] minutes, P<0.001). The technical success rate of POC-FB and tissue adequacy did not differ between the two techniques (D-SOC vs. D-POC: 81.8% vs. 84.6%, P = 0.69 and 77.8% vs. 90.9%, P = 0.57, respectively).
Conclusions Both POC systems were safe and useful for the detection, characterization, and diagnosis of minute ISL-Bs. While D-SOC displayed a shorter procedure time and a tendency for higher technical success rate, D-POC provided superior visualization quality, allowing detailed observation of the surface structure and microvascular patterns.
Socioeconomic marginalization and political preferences: evidence from Palestinian Arabs in Israel
Authors: Miaari Sami H. , Loewenthal Amit , Adnan Wifag 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe examine the relationship between socioeconomic characteristics and voting patterns among Arabs in Israel. We combine panel data on sixty-three Arab localities with election results and socioeconomic indicators for seven election years between 1996 and 2015. Exploiting the variation in political preferences and socioeconomic status across localities and over time, we find that the trends in Arab turnout are consistent with the substantive representation and political exclusion theories: that is, the representation of Arabs in Jewish-majority parties contributed to turnout, while the events of the second Intifada, which included clashes between Arabs in Israel and the Israeli police, were associated with a long-term decline in turnout. We also found that the preference for Arab parties over Left-wing Zionist parties is related to the instrumental voting theory. As the socioeconomic status of Arabs in Israel improved, they were less dependent on Jewish-majority parties for public goods provision and thus had less reason to support them. These findings contribute to understanding the experience of minorities in other contexts and to policymakers in Israel and beyond.
Non-Hermitian CHSH* Game with a Single Trapped-Ion Qubit
Authors: Song 宋 Xiao 潇 , Liu 刘 Teng 腾 , Bian 边 Ji 纪 , Lu 陆 Pengfei 鹏飞 , Liu 刘 Yang 泱 , Zhu 朱 Feng 峰 , Luo 罗 Le 乐 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Clauser–Horne–Shimony–Holt (CHSH) game provides a captivating illustration of the advantages of quantum strategies over classical ones. In a recent study, a variant of the CHSH game leveraging a single qubit system, referred to as the CHSH* game, has been identified. We demonstrate that this mapping relationship between these two games remains effective even for a non-unitary gate. Here we delve into the breach of Tsirelson’s bound in a non-Hermitian system, predicting changes in the upper and lower bounds of the player’s winning probability when employing quantum strategies in a single dissipative qubit system. We experimentally explore the impact of the CHSH* game on the player’s winning probability in a single trapped-ion dissipative system, demonstrating a violation of Tsirelson’s bound under the influence of parity-time (

P
T

) symmetry. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of the influence of non-Hermitian systems on quantum games and the behavior of quantum systems under

P
T

symmetry, which is crucial for designing more robust and efficient quantum protocols.
Error correction method based on dual-beam laser for curved rail profile measurement
Authors: Liu Zhengyi , Wang Le , Cheng Zhaoyang , Wang Hao , Wang Fan , Wang Shengchun , Han Qiang , Fang Yue , Wang Ning , Zhao Xinxin , Li Guoqing , Ren Shengwei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The current method of dynamic rail profile measurement involves the installation of a line-structured light sensor at the base of the train. The accuracy of this measurement is influenced by the vertical relationship between the laser plane of the light sensor and the longitudinal direction of the rail (LDR). When a train travels in a straight line, the normal of the laser plane aligns with the LDR. However, when the train curves, the angle at which its wheels connect with the rails causes the laser plane’s normal direction to deviate from the LDR, leading to measurement errors. To address this issue, we propose a method for curved rail profile measurement using a dual-beam laser to correct these errors. This method involves generating an auxiliary 3D rail reflecting the LDR and a virtual 3D rail reflecting the normal direction of the laser plane from the cross-section image of the dual-beam laser. An optimization function is then formulated to determine the optimal auxiliary plane (optimal-AP) by analyzing the alignment or intersection between the auxiliary and virtual 3D rails. Distorted contour points are projected onto the optimal-AP to rectify errors. Experiments validate the accuracy and effectiveness of this proposed method. The results show that, regardless of pitch or yaw movement between the laser plane and the LDR, the error in measuring corrected profile wear remains consistently below 0.10 millimeters, thereby meeting the accuracy standard for rail wear measurement. This approach rectifies measurement errors in curved rail profiles from a 3D perspective, ensuring accurate measurements even under complex working conditions. It also provides a valuable reference for error analysis and improving dynamic rail profile measurement accuracy.
DarkGEO: a large-scale laser-interferometric axion detector
Authors: Heinze Joscha , Gill Alex , Dmitriev Artemiy , Smetana Jiří , Yan Tianliang , Boyer Vincent , Martynov Denis , Grote Hartmut , Lough James , Ejlli Aldo , Müller Guido 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Axions and axion-like particles (ALPs) are leading candidates for dark matter. They are well motivated in many extensions of the standard model and supported by astronomical observations. We propose an iterative transformation of the existing facilities of the gravitational-wave detector and technology testbed GEO600, located near Ruthe in Germany, into a kilometre-scale upgrade of the laser-interferometric axion detector LIDA. The final DarkGEO detector could search for coincident signatures of axions and ALPs and significantly surpass the current constraints of both direct searches and astrophysical observations in the measurement band from 10−16 to 10−8eV. We discuss design parameters and sensitivities for the configurations of the different iteration steps as well as technical challenges known from the first LIDA results. The proposed DarkGEO detector will be well suited to probe the mass-coupling parameter space associated with predictions from theoretical models, like grand-unified theories, as well as from astrophysical evidence, like the cosmic infrared background.
Do qubits dream of entangled sheep? Quantum measurement without classical output
Authors: Lupu-Gladstein Noah , Brodutch Aharon , Ferretti Hugo , Tham Weng-Kian , Ou Teen Pang Arthur , Bonsma-Fisher Kent , Steinberg Aephraim M 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Quantum mechanics is usually formulated with an implicit assumption that agents who can observe and interact with the world are external to it and have a classical memory. However, there is no accepted way to define the quantum–classical cut and no a priori reason to rule out fully quantum agents with coherent quantum memories. In this work, we introduce an entirely quantum notion of measurement, called a sensation, to account for quantum agents that experience the world through quantum sensors. Sensations eschew probabilities and instead describe a deterministic flow of quantum information. We quantify the information gain and disturbance of a sensation using concepts from quantum information theory and find that sensations always disturb at least as much as they inform. Viewing measurements as sensations could lead to a new understanding of quantum theory in general and to new results in the context of quantum networks.
Far IR field generation by mixing of cosh-Gaussian and dark hollow Gaussian laser in encapsulated plasma
Authors: Divya S , Gopal Krishna , Kumar Rohit , Singh Sukhmander 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A scheme of laser-plasma interaction is proposed by mixing of Cosh Gaussian (ChG) and Dark Hollow Gaussian (DHG) laser in rippled density plasma when an external periodic electric field wiggler is applied because of the emission of far infrared field lying in the terahertz frequency regime. The unusual mixing of ChG and DHG laser broadens the field of THz radiation from unifocal to multifocal by controlling beam order and decentralized parameters. Moreover, the wiggler field wavenumber provides two additional resonance conditions, which govern the emission of multiple components of far IR field resonantly that may have extensive medical applications. The field amplitude of such emissions and their efficiency may be increased manifold. Moreover, the efficiency can be increased several times if parallel plates are placed with a few nanometers of separation.
Dynamic properties, probability density, and estimation of an SIRIS epidemic model with an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process★
Authors: Chen Tao , Li Zhiming 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Considering the relapse and temporary immunity of some diseases, a stochastic SIRIS epidemic model with saturation incidence is developed in this paper, in which the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process is introduced to describe the randomness of the model. The existence and uniqueness of the global solution are first proved to investigate the dynamic properties of the SIRIS model. By constructing a series of Lyapunov functions, the thresholds

R

0

E

and

R

0

S

are further derived to determine the extinction and persistence of the disease. Subsequently, we prove that the solution of the model admits a stationary distribution. The probability density function is obtained by the algebraic method. In addition, the unknown parameters of the density function are estimated by using the maximum likelihood estimation. Finally, numerical simulations verify the results of the above properties.
The electric charge of black holes within galaxies
Authors: Padilla Nelson D. , Araya Ignacio J. , Stasyszyn Federico 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We present improved estimates of the electric charge that black holes could hold when these are embedded in the ionised plasma within galaxies. We have implemented the spontaneous emission of charges of opposite sign to that of the black hole via athermal Hawking evaporation, including its dependence on black hole spin, and we have estimated the equilibrium charge that arises as this charge loss is balanced by the continuous accretion of charges from the surrounding plasma. The resulting charge can be several orders of magnitude lower than previously estimated upper limits, but it can surpass the pair production limit noted by Gibbons (1974) by a margin that increases with the amplitude of the black hole spin and the density of the plasma. We also implement a calculation for the net charge of galaxies due to their stellar black holes and to primordial black holes in the case these make up a fraction of the dark matter. We find that these charges lie within the range that would produce adequate magnetic field seeds at the onset of galaxy formation.
Stimulated magneto-optics with different detunings for plasma local diagnostics
Authors: Oganesyan K B , Dzierzega K , Gevorgyan A H , Kopcansky P 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The polarization plane stimulated rotation angle of a probe signal in an intense laser field in plasma is calculated for arbitrary detunings of intense and weak laser waves compared with the resonant transition frequency of the medium. Estimates of the residual gas local density in a cesium plasma have been found based on the Faraday, Cotton–Mouton effects and on the effect of stimulated rotation of the polarization plane of the probe signal in an intense laser field. It is shown that the rotation in the medium has a complex structure consisting of the sum of only the influence of the magnetic field, only the influence of the intense laser field and the interfering part of the magnetic and intense laser fields.
A Parameter Optimization Design and Numerical Calculation Method for Circular Heliostat Field
Authors: Wei Shi , Lan Xinhua , Wang ChunYong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Solar energy is a low-carbon, eco-friendly, clean energy source that is easily converted into heat and electricity, making the study of solar thermal power generation technology of great significance and with broad application prospects. To improve the performance of solar power plants, it is necessary to reasonably arrange the light reflectors. Both denser heliostats are needed to ensure enough light can be concentrated into the solar collector, thereby improving the power of the power station; at the same time, waste of material must be prevented, striving to increase output thermal power per unit mirror area. This paper is based on the background of the 2023 CUMCM Problem A. Firstly, it analyzes parameters such as the optical efficiency of the original heliostat field, the annual average output power, and the annual average thermal power output per unit mirror area. Secondly, based on the data provided in the appendix, it analyzes the distribution pattern of the heliostat field and establishes an optimization design model for the heliostat field. Next, the optimization design model of the heliostat field is solved using discrete numerical calculation methods. Finally, according to the results of the model solution, the placement positions of the heliostats, the size of the mirrors, and the installation height are adjusted to improve the annual average thermal power output per unit mirror area, thereby achieving an optimized design of the heliostat field.
Multiple Table Models Based on Queuing Theory for Firefighting Traffic Problems
Authors: Qiu Ruofeng , Xue Runqi , Miao Qunfeng , Xie Wu , Yu Jiayuan , Liu Tao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
With the development of global urbanization, urban planning has been a hot spot of most concern. Since the traditional urban fire station setting method has been gradually unable to meet the emergency needs of a city. In this paper, a series of methods are developed to achieve the best balance between economic expenditure and reliability. According to the heat maps about emergency calls in a city in recent years, different types of alarm phones have obvious regional distribution characteristics. Inspired by the Queuing Theory algorithm, we abstract this complex problem into a parallel multi-server waiting queuing model to find each average queue length of three kinds of alarm calls and success in converting the multiplicity problem into solving the vehicle number and location problems respectively. Based on this planning problem, new combinations with different numbers of vehicles can be gotten. Then based on the assignment model, the optimal deployment plan can also be different with different numbers and geographical locations of the three kinds of stations. Our method significantly improves the firefighting traffic problems and can be applied in the actual situation.
The Optimality Conditions for Generalized Uniform η – V – I Invariant Convexity Programming
Authors: Wang R B , Zhang Z Y , Feng Q 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Generalized uniformly invariant convex programming is an important optimization problem that has numerous practical applications, such as transportation planning, engineering optimization, etc. The study of its optimal conditions can help solve practical problems and improve efficiency. Optimality conditions serve as the foundation of optimization theory by aiding in understanding the nature and characteristics of problems and providing guidance for the design and analysis of optimization algorithms. Therefore, studying the optimality conditions of generalized uniformly invariant convex programming is highly significant for solving practical problems, promoting the development of optimization theory and algorithm design and analysis, as well as fostering interdisciplinary research. In this research, a novel type of generalized uniform η-V-I invexity function is defined through the use of the η - subdifferential. In the case of the new generalized convex functions, a certain of multiobjective programming with this generalized convexity is discussed, and the corresponding sufficient optimality conditions are obtained.
Research on the Prediction Method of Equipment Status in Power Transformation and Distribution Based on Grey Model
Authors: Zhang Qingping , Meng Yu , Gao Bo , Luo Hairong , Bai Xingtao , Kang Yongqiang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
With the continuous increase in the demand for electricity in our country, the reliability requirements of the power distribution network are gradually increasing, and the difficulty of predicting the state of key equipment in the power distribution network is also increasing. In response to this issue, this paper proposes a typical reliability prediction model for key equipment in the power distribution network based on an unbiased grey correlation model. Firstly, a grey model is established to model the reliability of typical key equipment in the power distribution network, and to conduct reliability analysis and life prediction. Secondly, an unbiased grey model is introduced to avoid the problem of the grey model leading to less than ideal life prediction accuracy when the growth rate of the original data sequence is high. Finally, taking the No. 1 main transformer of the 220 kV Lanshan substation under the jurisdiction of Ningxia Shizuishan Power Supply Company as an example, the oil chromatography data is cleaned using the KNN interpolation method and input into the prediction model to analyze and predict the failure rate during actual operation. The results show that this model has certain advantages in terms of life prediction accuracy and calculation time, and can play an auxiliary role in the process of predicting the state of key equipment in the power distribution network.
Health Assessment for Multi-component Systems Based on Proportional Hazards Model and Dynamic Bayesian Network
Authors: Li Shizheng , Luo Zongmin , Chen Mu , Xu Pengfei , Li Xiaobing , Wang Guoqi , Sun Fei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
As a key task of prognostics and health management, the health assessment of systems depends on both age and covariate processes. Cox’s proportional hazards model is an effective tool for system health assessment, capable of capturing both the failure rate and the effect of the covariate process. However, most existing literature assumes the system failure as a whole, which exhibits certain limitations when dealing with the failure interactions among components in complex systems. This paper develops a method that combines a dynamic Bayesian network with a proportional hazards model, where a dynamic Bayesian network is utilized to characterize the failure dependency among components failure, and the joint effect of age and covariate processes on component failure is quantified by the proportional hazards model. The integration of two models facilitates the health assessment of complex multi-component systems. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed model is showcased through a numerical case study.
Research on the Influence of Biomimetic Patterns Surface on the Surface Temperature of Drum Brake Lining
Authors: Wu Gang , Guan Lei , Chen Tian , Liu Zhipeng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Vehicles need to brake frequently on long downhill sections. In this case, the surface of the friction lining is prone to accumulating a large amount of heat, which will reduce the performance of the braking material and lead to braking failure. This article analyzes the heat generation and dissipation mechanism during the braking process of drum brakes based on the law of energy conservation, and establishes a thermal conductivity differential equation. Subsequently, with the honeycomb texture as the biomimetic target, circular, square, and honeycomb patterns with different parameters were designed on the surface of the friction lining, and a finite element model was established using Ansys Workbench. Thermodynamic coupling analysis shows that patterned friction lining can reduce the maximum temperature of the braking surface. Honeycomb patterns have better heat dissipation effects than circular and square patterns. Compared with non patterned brake pads, honeycomb patterns can reduce the maximum surface temperature of brake pads by 14.6%. When the surface area ratio of the honeycomb is 56.8%, its heat dissipation effect is the best.