bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence de la communication sur l’alimentation
Authors: Hébel Pascale 
Published: July 2011

Résumé	Les discours sur l’alimentaire marquent un clivage : d’un côté, une vision fonctionnelle restreint l’alimentation au domaine de la santé, engendrant des messages nutritionnel individualisés et mettant en avant non plus les raisons gastronomiques ou symboliques mais les raisons d’ordre médical. Un phénomène d’individualisation est à l’œuvre dans le domaine alimentaire. Mais une vision humaniste de l’alimentation refait surface : l’alimentation, à la maison comme à l’extérieur, représente alors une culture, une identité commune et réintroduit la dimension fondamentale et sociale de convivialité, de plaisir et de partage. Plus qu’une simple mode, la cuisine-loisirs répond aux besoins de réalisation de soi, aux contraintes budgétaires de plus en plus fortes en période économique difficile et à la volonté de maîtriser la fabrication de ses propres aliments en réponse aux inquiétudes croissantes.
C comme convivial et culinaire C à vous sur France 5
Authors: Brachet Camille 
Published: July 2011

Résumé	L’émission C à vous est un objet d’étude particulièrement intéressant car elle repose sur un concept innovant et sur une promesse originale. L’élément fédérateur de ce talk-show est la convivialité, et à partir de ce constat, il est nécessaire de comprendre la mécanique de cette convivialité : sur quels éléments repose-t-elle et quels sont les procédés mis en œuvre pour construire ce qui n’est finalement qu’une ambiance, un état d’esprit ? Dans le cadre de cet article, nous montrons que si la dimension culinaire semble a priori anecdotique, elle est finalement omniprésente et constitue la base de l’émission, son moteur.
Stéréotypage discursif d’une image de presse
Authors: Ducard Dominique 
Published: July 2011

Résumé En retraçant le destin médiatique d’une photographie de presse, depuis sa fonction d’illustration d’un événement tragique de la « décennie noire du terrorisme » en Algérie jusqu’à sa transposition formelle en œuvre d’art, nous esquissons le processus sémiotique de « stéréotypage », à la fois discursif et iconique, d’une image. Les interprétations auxquelles elle est soumise, et dont sont étudiés les formes et les mécanismes, dès les premières légendes et avec les gloses qui vont suivre, opèrent une brusque conversion du regard par subordination du sens au modèle iconographique de la tradition religieuse occidentale. À travers ce qui est figuré et ce qui en est dit, la question se pose du poids des mots sur la force des images et de l’écran culturel de la mémoire visuelle sur notre perception du monde.
Journalistes et publics, l’annonce d’un mariage de raison
Authors: Touboul Annelise 
Published: July 2011

Résumé On présente souvent la participation des internautes au sein des sites d’informations comme une intrusion qui dérange les journalistes soucieux de conserver le contrôle du territoire éditorial. Mais qu’en pensent les dirigeants des entreprises médiatiques ? À partir d’une analyse de discours, cette étude montre comment le phénomène de la participation est intégré aux stratégies marketing et contribue à redéfinir la fonction des journalistes au sein des médias en ligne.
La Force de l’Art 2009 : texte, discours polyphoniques et espaces de l’exposition
Authors: Lacharrière Marianne 
Published: July 2011

Résumé L’auteur cherche à saisir le processus d’élaboration de la signification d’une manifestation d’art contemporain en s’appuyant sur une triade théorique. D’une part, elle considère l’exposition comme un « texte » au sens où l’entend Jean Davallon, elle s’intéresse, d’autre part, aux « discours » de cette manifestation dans le prolongement des travaux de Michel Foucault et envisage enfin l’exposition artistique sous l’angle de l’« énonciation éditoriale » telle que la définit Emmanuël Souchier. Son objectif consiste à révéler la capacité d’une exposition artistique à constituer un discours polyphonique, en tenant compte de facteurs multiples et hétérogènes. Marianne Lacharrière propose également de considérer l’expérience de l’exposition comme le fruit d’une relation ternaire entre le visiteur, l’exposition et l’œuvre, au travers d’une définition des espaces qui s’y conjuguent. L’ensemble de sa démarche repose sur l’analyse de La Force de l’Art 02, manifestation d’art contemporain créée à l’initiative du ministère de la Culture et de la Communication qui s’est déroulée à Paris en 2009, avec pour cœur une exposition collective au Grand Palais qui a regroupé une pluralité d’acteurs.
Poétique historique du support et énonciation éditoriale : la case feuilleton au xix e siècle
Authors: Thérenty Marie-Ève 
Published: July 2011

Résumé Cet article en appelle à une nouvelle méthodologie pour les études littéraires : une étude poétique des supports qui s’appuierait sur les travaux faits en histoire du livre et en sciences de l’information et de la communication. L’article énumère d’abord les trois champs d’investigation possibles de cette poétique historique des supports : l’énonciation éditoriale, la gestion du champ éditorial par l’écrivain et la prise en compte d’un imaginaire des supports. Puis l’article étudie un cas concret, absolument essentiel pour la poétique du roman réaliste mais aussi pour l’étude des imaginaires du xix e siècle : le cas de la case feuilleton.
Jusqu’où va la télé ? ou les incertitudes de la communication médiatique
Authors: Patrin-Leclère Valérie 
Published: July 2011

Résumé Cet article retrace et interroge le parcours de la série Jusqu’où va la télé ? , des intentions de l’auteur à la promotion et à la diffusion du programme. Pourquoi le projet de débattre, à la télévision française, de l’évolution et du rôle social de la télévision a-t-il connu pareils déboires, entre malentendus et querelles ? Les deux documentaires promettaient de délivrer un savoir sur la télévision ; ce savoir n’a pas été consensuellement reconnu et partagé. Mais en donnant l’impression de rater sa cible, Jusqu’où va la télé ? nous donne un éclairage exceptionnel sur les stigmatisations dont est l’objet le média télévision.
Une volonté de savoir au crible d’une querelle médiatique
Authors: Jeanneret Yves 
Published: July 2011

Résumé Les échanges médiatiques qui ont précédé et suivi la diffusion des deux documentaires Jusqu’où va la télé ? ne relèvent pas de la controverse réglée, mais de la querelle médiatique. L’auteur analyse ici une composante de cette querelle, la place qu’elle fait aux savoirs sur la communication, entre images de la scientificité, représentation des situations, mode de mise en publicité des compétences et réappropriation des discours par les logiques médiatiques. Il en ressort une sorte de paradoxe, l’invocation de la nécessité d’une prise en compte du télévisuel coexistant avec une absence durable de l’analyse des situations médiatiques et des savoirs des publics.
Pour une poétique de l’« audiovitie » : l’impensé de la culture audiovisuelle
Authors: Devars Thierry 
Published: July 2011

Résumé Tirant parti du renouvellement numérique des objets et des pratiques audiovisuelles, Thierry Devars propose dans cet article de penser la culture audiovisuelle à travers la notion d’« audiovitie », néologisme revendiqué dans sa filiation avec la notion de « littératie » chez Jack Goody. Prenant l’exemple des vidéos politiques, l’auteur s’attache à montrer comment la médiatisation numérique de l’audiovisuel invite à penser ce qui le constitue – ses formes, ses objets, ses pratiques – dans la perspective d’une culture audiovisuelle forgée par des productions médiatiques multiples. Dans quelle mesure l’« audiovitie » constitue-t-elle un régime spécifique de la « littératie », un espace de savoir-écrire et de savoir-lire propre à l’audiovisuel ? Comment cette filiation théorique permet-elle de comprendre les enjeux sociosémiotiques liés à la médiatisation numérique de l’audiovisuel ?
Auger Electron Spectroscopic Studies on Oxide Films of Some Austenitic Stainless Steels
Authors: Cahoon J. R. , Bandy R. 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Auger electron spectroscopic studies on the surface film of three different austenitic stainless steels revealed that the surface composition of the film which had been formed in Ringer's physiological solution was almost independent of the bulk composition of the alloy. The surface concentration of Mo was essentially zero for bulk Mo concentrations of 1.3 and 2.8 At%. The surface concentration of Ni was essentially zero for a bulk composition of 10 At% and may have reached a few At% for a bulk concentration of 24 At%. The surface composition of films passivated at the rest potential for 4 days in chloride solution was found to be about 10 At% Fe, 55 At% 0, 35 At% Cr and was essentially independent of bulk composition of the steel. The reasons for the beneficial effect of Mo additions in increasing resistance to pitting corrosion remain unclear.
Electrochemical (Corrosion) Behavior of Amorphous/Microcrystalline Ion Plated Fe-Cr Alloy Films
Authors: Nowak Welville B. , Okorie Boniface A. 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Amorphous and microcrystalline thin films of chromium-bearing iron alloys produced by ion plating exhibit high resistance to localized (pitting) corrosion in neutral NaCl aqueous solutions. The films are produced by thermal evaporation of the alloys through an argon glow discharge onto Ebrite (Fe-Cr) substrates maintained at low temperatures. Potentiodynamic tests indicate that the ion plated films exhibit a Tafel-like behavior in the “passive” potential range, whereas Ebrite and melt-spun amorphous alloys of composition similar to the films have a constant current passive region. Transient current data obtained from tests at successively higher potentiostatic voltages (V) show that such currents decrease exponentially with time. The current relaxation time constant (τ) of the films are five to ten times larger than those of Ebrite, and increases rapidly with V up to about 0.3 V, decreasing slowly thereafter. For the Ebrite substrate, τ shows only increasing values, but with a sharp discontinuity in the V versus τ curve at about 0.4 V. Transient data obtained for bulk amorphous Metglas 2826A above 0.5 V shows that the variation of τ with V is similar to that of the ion plated films. The results indicate that it takes longer to complete the passive layer on the ion plated films than on the crystalline substrate; the decrease in τ with increasing V in the middle potential region may be related to the amorphous or amorphous/microcrystalline structure of Metglas 2826A and the ion plated films. The results are consistent with a change in the character of the passive layer at 0.3 to 0.4 V.
On the Nature of the Occluded Cell in the Stress Corrosion Cracking of AA 7075-T651—Effect of Potential, Composition, Morphology
Authors: Nguyen T. H. , Brown B. F. , Foley R. T. 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
The SCC of AA 7075-T651 has been investigated in various electrolytes at different applied potentials. The rate of crack growth in the precracked, double cantilever beam, specimen was measured and related to the aluminum ion concentration and pH within the crack as well as the morphology of the crack wall surface as viewed with a scanning electron microscope. The rate of crack growth, the composition of the solution within the crack, and the morphology of the crack wall are determined mainly by the anion in solution and this in terms of the aluminum-anion complexes formed during the reaction. In sodium chloride solution, the pH at the crack tip was acidic at the open circuit and in the anodic potential range while, in the cathodic range, it was basic. At anodic potentials, the aluminum ion concentration reached 0.4M within the crack. In Na2SO4 solution, crack propagation was very slow at the open circuit and at anodic potentials even though the pH at the crack tip was acidic. However, when the potential was shifted into a cathodic range, the crack began to propagate at an appreciable rate. In NaNO3 solutions, crack propagation rate increased in the cathodic range due to the formation of ammonia within the crack. Very slow crack growth was observed in the anodic range. The analysis of the solution within a simulated crevice indicated that the composition of the solution in a simulated crevice and an actual stress corrosion crack were quite similar.
An Accelerated Intergranular Corrosion Test for Detecting Sensitization in Low Chromium Ferritic Stainless Steels
Authors: Devine T. M. , Drummond B. J. 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
The procedure for developing an accelerated corrosion test which would aid in assessing the sensitization resistance of low chromium ferritic stainless steels is described. Immersion corrosion tests were conducted on Fe-Cr binary alloys in boiling acidified Cu-CuSO4 solutions. Reducing the H2SO4 concentration of the standard ASTM A262E solution results in a reduction in the minimum chromium content required for passivation. In a boiling solution containing 0.5 w/o H2SO4 + 6 w/o CuSO4 + Cu chips, alloys with &gt; 12 w/o chromium are passive and alloys with &lt; 12 w/o chromium undergo general attack. The 0.5 w/o H2SO4 solution is shown to be useful in evaluating the time-temperature-sensitization behavior of a 12 w/o chromium ferritic stainless steel.
Effects of Overloads on the Incubation Time for Stress Corrosion Cracking of 7075 Aluminum
Authors: Hanisch A. H. , Burck L. H. 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
A series of tests was conducted on precracked high strength aluminum alloy 7075-T651 plate to determine the effects of overstressing on the short-transverse stress corrosion cracking behavior. Fatigue precracked wedge-opening-loading specimens were preloaded in air to various percentages of the critical stress intensity factor, unloaded, and reloaded statically to lower stress intensity factor levels. The samples were then alternately immersed in an aqueous 3.5% sodium chlorine solution for stress corrosion testing. The incubation time which preceded crack extension by stress corrosion cracking was found to increase substantially for higher percentages of preloading. Furthermore, for a given percentage of prestress overload, greater effects were observed for higher applied stress intensity factor levels. The increase in incubation period produced by stress overloading is attributed primarily to the effects of residual compressive stresses at the crack tips.
Dependence of the order and crack density of polystyrene opals on volume fraction, humidity and temperature
Authors: Pérez N. , Sanza F. J. , Rodríguez A. , Olaizola S. M. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe have fabricated polystyrene opals by vertical deposition with colloidal spheres of 419 nm in diameter. Different parameters such as the concentration, temperature and relative humidity have been systematically varied in order to study the dependence of the crystalline quality of the opals on these parameters. The opals have been optically and structurally characterized, paying particular attention to the size and distribution of the domains for each fabrication condition. We have noticed a dependence of the size of the domains on the thickness which corroborates a previous study. From these results we can conclude that the characterization of the homogeneity of the thickness of the opals can be done just by using microscopy. We also report a dependence of the order of the opals on relative humidity and a selective adhesion of the opals to the substrate depending on concentration and surface chemistry. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Controllable mineralization of calcium carbonate on regenerated cellulose fibers
Authors: Xiao Wenjun , Liu Jie , Chen Qin , Wu Ying , Dai Lizong , Wu Tinghua 
Published: July 2011

AbstractGel–forming fibers (GF fibers) can serve as nucleation sites to prepare calcium carbonate (CaCO3) because they can adsorb large amounts of Ca2+ due to their porous structure. In this paper, mineralization behavior of CaCO3 on GF fibers in ethanol–water mixed solvents without any additives has been investigated. The results showed that some crystals covered the fibers, while others were embedded in fibers. Twin–sphere based vaterite, zonary and rodlike calcite with large aspect ratio could be prepared successfully. The effect of ethanol content inside GF fibers, concentration of Ca2+ and CO32‐, mineralization time, miscibility between alcohol and water, and temperature were studied. Lastly, a possible mineralization mode was suggested. This work could provide a new method to prepare inorganic/polymer hybrid materials. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Synthesis of ZnSn(OH)6 regular octahedrons by a simple hydrothermal process
Authors: Yu Xiujun , Lu Hongxia , Li Qi , Zhao Yunlong , Chen Deliang , Fan Bingbing , Wang Hailong , Yang Daoyuan , Xu Hongliang , Zhang Rui 
Published: July 2011

AbstractZnSn(OH)6 regular octahedrons were successfully synthesized through a simple hydrothermal method using an aqueous solution containing ZnO flower‐like structures, SnCl4·5H2O, and NaOH. Phase structure, morphology and microstructure of the samples were investigated by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Parameters in preparation process such as the ratios of Sn4+/OH‐, the molar ratio of Zn/Sn and reaction time were discussed. Results show that the obtained samples are comprised of ZnSn(OH)6 regular octahedrons with about 2 μm in side length and ZnSn(OH)6 urchins‐like structures. ZnSn(OH)6 urchins‐like structures preferentially grow on the edges and corners of regular octahedrons. Morphology of the products is susceptible to the ratios of Sn4+/OH‐. A relatively low concentration of OH‐ is favored to obtain ZnSn(OH)6 regular octahedrons with urchins‐like structures on the surface, while a high concentration of OH‐ results in a handful of regular octahedrons without urchins‐like structures on the surface. When the molar ratio of Zn/Sn changes to 1:2 or 2:1, the edges and corners of regular octahedrons become coarse and urchins‐like structures disappear from the surface. More urchins‐like structures form on the surface of regular octahedrons and the edges and corners of regular octahedrons become coarsened with the increase of reaction time. Moreover, the possible mechanism for ZnSn(OH)6 regular octahedrons is discussed. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Decentralized estimation over noisy channels in cluster‐based wireless sensor networks
Authors: Liu Guiyun , Xu Bugong , Chen Hongbin 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYIn this paper, the problem of decentralized parameter estimation over noisy channels in a cluster‐based sensor network is studied. Each cluster head generates a local estimate by adopting a sample mean estimator. The local estimates from all cluster heads are compressed by using a one‐bit quantizer and then the bits are transmitted to a fusion center over independent binary symmetric channels. Two maximum likelihood estimators are proposed for estimating the parameter based on the received bits in two different scenarios: (i) all clusters have the same number of cluster members and (ii) the number of cluster members in the clusters are different. The Cramér–Rao lower bounds for the proposed estimators in both scenarios are derived. Simulation results show that the estimation performance for clustering with the same number of cluster members can be comparable to that for cluster‐free sensor networks. However, the estimation performance for clustering with a different number of cluster members is not as good as that for cluster‐free sensor networks. The trade off between estimation performance and energy consumption exists in both scenarios. The energy consumed for executing the estimation task in cluster‐based sensor networks is less than that in cluster‐free sensor networks. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cognitive and clinical outcomes of homocysteine‐lowering B‐vitamin treatment in mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: de Jager Celeste A. , Oulhaj Abderrahim , Jacoby Robin , Refsum Helga , Smith A. David 
Published: July 2011

BackgroundHomocysteine is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. In the first report on the VITACOG trial, we showed that homocysteine‐lowering treatment with B vitamins slows the rate of brain atrophy in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Here we report the effect of B vitamins on cognitive and clinical decline (secondary outcomes) in the same study.MethodsThis was a double‐blind, single‐centre study, which included participants with MCI, aged ≥70 y, randomly assigned to receive a daily dose of 0.8 mg folic acid, 0.5 mg vitamin B12 and 20 mg vitamin B6 (133 participants) or placebo (133 participants) for 2 y. Changes in cognitive or clinical function were analysed by generalized linear models or mixed‐effects models.ResultsThe mean plasma total homocysteine was 30% lower in those treated with B vitamins relative to placebo. B vitamins stabilized executive function (CLOX) relative to placebo (P = 0.015). There was significant benefit of B‐vitamin treatment among participants with baseline homocysteine above the median (11.3 µmol/L) in global cognition (Mini Mental State Examination, P < 0.001), episodic memory (Hopkins Verbal Learning Test–delayed recall, P = 0.001) and semantic memory (category fluency, P = 0.037). Clinical benefit occurred in the B‐vitamin group for those in the upper quartile of homocysteine at baseline in global clinical dementia rating score (P = 0.02) and IQCODE score (P = 0.01).ConclusionIn this small intervention trial, B vitamins appear to slow cognitive and clinical decline in people with MCI, in particular in those with elevated homocysteine. Further trials are needed to see if this treatment will slow or prevent conversion from MCI to dementia. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Self‐Healing Behavior of Blends Based on Ionomers with Ethylene/Vinyl Alcohol Copolymer or Epoxidized Natural Rubber
Authors: Rhaman Md. Arifur , Penco Maurizio , Spagnoli Gloria , Grande Antonio Mattia , Di Landro Luca 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe effect of blending on the self‐healing behavior of an ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer ionomer is investigated. Binary EMNa/EVA and EMNa/ENR blends are studied by ballistic puncture tests. In the composition range explored (15–50 wt% of EVA and ENR), the self‐healing characteristics decrease with increasing amount of EVA but are maintained in the whole range for EMNa/ENR blends. The bullet impact zones were observed using OM. Tensile tests showed that the blending process gives the opportunity to tune the mechanical characteristics without significant loss in the self‐healing properties, particularly in EMNa/ENR blends. Component compatibility, blend morphology and thermal properties were studied using DSC, SEM, and DMTA. Molecular interactions between the phases in the blends are discussed.magnified image
Phosphorylcholine‐Substituted ROMP Polyolefin Coatings Provide Fouling Resistance to Membrane Materials
Authors: Kratz Katrina , Xie Wei , Lee Albert , Freeman Benny D. , Emrick Todd 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe design and synthesis of new fouling‐resistant coating materials, specifically PC‐substituted polyolefins, and their application to water purification membranes is described. Greatly improved fouling resistance is found for coated membranes subjected to environmentally relevant emulsified oil foulants. The coating method proves effective for reducing fouling on both UF and RO membranes, and for maintaining high rejection of organic material and salt. Providing membranes of various types with a coating that simultaneously gives high flux, fouling resistance, and foulant rejection represents a significant advance in membrane materials, and a promising route to extend membrane applications beyond what has been possible using conventional, known materials.magnified image