bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is Obesity a Risk Factor for Disorders of Amniotic Fluid?
Authors: Yan Xiteng , Bentley Beth , Schmidt‐Swartz Jordana , Dinglas Cheryl , El Kady Dina , Rosner Jonathan 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesPrior studies show conflicting evidence as to whether obesity in the absence of other medical or pregnancy‐related conditions contributes to amniotic fluid disorders. The purpose of this study is to determine the association between late‐pregnancy obesity with oligohydramnios (amniotic fluid index [AFI] ≤5 cm or maximum vertical pocket [MVP] <2 cm) and/or polyhydramnios (AFI ≥24 cm or MVP ≥8 cm).MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study of 961 women with singleton gestations who had one or more obstetrical ultrasounds at a single institution at 36 0/7 weeks gestation or beyond between August 1, 2015, and May 1, 2020. Patients were included if they had valid pregnancy dating and a documented AFI and/or MVP. Patients were categorized based on body mass index or BMI (eg, normal, overweight, Class I Obesity, Class II Obesity, or Class III Obesity).ResultsA total of 6.2% of patients met criteria for oligohydramnios based on AFI, MVP or both (n = 60). There was no significant association between oligohydramnios and increasing BMI, regardless of obesity class (P = .21). In terms of polyhydramnios, 5.6% of patients met criteria based on AFI, MVP, or both (n = 54). Similarly, there was also no significant association between polyhydramnios and increasing BMI, regardless of obesity class (P = .66).ConclusionsElevated maternal BMI was not significantly associated with disorders of amniotic fluid, regardless of the severity of obesity.
Risk factors for prolonged opioid consumption following hip arthroscopy: A secondary analysis of the Femoroacetabular Impingement RandomiSed controlled Trial and embedded cohort study
Authors: Bourgeault‐Gagnon Yoan , Khalik Hassaan Abdel , Patel Mansi , Simunovic Nicole , Ayeni Olufemi R. ,   FIRST Investigators
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of the study was to identify prognostic risk factors for prolonged opioid use at 2 and 6 weeks after hip arthroscopy using data from the Femoroacetabular Impingement RandomiSed controlled Trial and its external validation cohort study.MethodsOpioids were prescribed for postoperative pain management at the surgeon's discretion, with a majority being prescribed a combination of oxycodone and paracetamol (5/325 mg). Prolonged opioid use was defined as the ongoing use of any dosage of opioids reported at either 2 or 6 weeks after surgery to treat femoroacetabular impingement, as recorded in the patient's study medication log. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to evaluate patient and surgical characteristics, such as preoperative opioid use, type of surgical procedure and intraoperative cartilage state that may be associated with prolonged opioid use at either 2 and 6 weeks postoperatively.ResultsA total of 265 and 231 patients were included for analysis at 2 and 6 weeks postoperatively, respectively. The median age of participants was 35 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 27–42) and 33% were female. At 2 weeks postoperatively, female sex (odds ratio [OR]: 2.56; 95% confidence interval: [CI] 1.34–4.98, p = 0.005), higher body mass index (BMI) (OR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.02–1.18, p = 0.009), active tobacco use (OR: 4.06; 95% CI: 1.90–8.97, p < 0.001), preoperative opioid use (OR: 10.1; 95% CI: 3.25–39.1, p < 0.001) and an Outerbridge classification of ≥3 (OR: 2.33; 95% CI: 1.25–4.43, p = 0.009) were significantly associated with prolonged opioid use. At 6 weeks postoperatively, only preoperative opioid use was significantly associated with prolonged opioid consumption (OR: 10.6; 95% CI: 3.60–32.6, p < 0.001).ConclusionPreoperative opioid use was significantly associated with continued opioid use at 2 and 6 weeks postoperatively. Specific patient factors including female sex, higher BMI, active tobacco use and more severe cartilage damage should be considered in developing targeted strategies to limit opioid use after surgery.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
A multiview deep learning‐based prediction pipeline augmented with confident learning can improve performance in determining knee arthroplasty candidates
Authors: Liu Hongzhi , Wang Xiaoyao , Song Xinqiu , Han Bing , Li Chuiqing , Du Fuzhou , Zhang Hongmei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposePreoperative prudent patient selection plays a crucial role in knee osteoarthritis management but faces challenges in appropriate referrals such as total knee arthroplasty (TKA), unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and nonoperative intervention. Deep learning (DL) techniques can build prediction models for treatment decision‐making. The aim is to develop and evaluate a knee arthroplasty prediction pipeline using three‐view X‐rays to determine the suitable candidates for TKA, UKA or are not arthroplasty candidates.MethodsA study was conducted using three‐view (anterior‐posterior, lateral and patellar) X‐rays and surgical data of patients undergoing TKA, UKA or nonarthroplasty interventions from sites A and B. Data from site A were used to derive and validate models. Data from site B were used as external test set. A DL pipeline combining YOLOv3 and ResNet‐18 with confident learning (CL) was developed. Multiview Convolutional Neural Network, EfficientNet‐b4, ResNet‐101 and the proposed model without CL were also trained and tested. The models were evaluated using metrics such as area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, precision, specificity, sensitivity and F1 score.ResultsThe data set comprised a total of 1779 knees. Of which 1645 knees were from site A as a derivation set and an internal validation cohort. The external validation cohort consisted of 134 knees. The internal validation cohort demonstrated superior performance for the proposed model augmented with CL, achieving an AUC of 0.94 and an accuracy of 85.9%. External validation further confirmed the model's generalisation, with an AUC of 0.93 and an accuracy of 82.1%. Comparative analysis with other neural network models showed the proposed model's superiority.ConclusionsThe proposed DL pipeline, integrating YOLOv3, ResNet‐18 and CL, provides accurate predictions for knee arthroplasty candidates based on three‐view X‐rays. This prediction model could be useful in performing decision making for the type of arthroplasty procedure in an automated fashion.Level of EvidenceLevel III, diagnostic study.
Tibial derotational osteotomy for idiopathic tibial torsion: A systematic review of surgical indications based on clinical presentation and measurement technique
Authors: Solaiman Rafat H. , Shih Yushane , Bakker Caitlin , Arendt Elizabeth A. , Tompkins Marc A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this systematic review was to identify the surgical indications of tibial derotational osteotomy (TDO) in patients with idiopathic external tibial torsion (ETT) and identify common measurement thresholds for surgical correction.MethodsA systematic search of MEDLINE and Embase via Ovid, Cochrane Library via Wiley, Web of Science, Scopus, SPORTDiscus via EBSCOhost, ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO ICTRP and Global Index Medicus databases was performed with search terms reflecting the concepts of idiopathic tibial torsion, TDOs, and surgical indications. Studies reporting surgical indications and measurement methods of idiopathic tibial torsion in patients who underwent TDO were included. Two authors independently screened articles and extracted data that was characterized with descriptive statistics.ResultsSeventeen studies were identified for inclusion, with 460 tibias and 351 patients. Nearly all patients who underwent surgery had either anterior knee pain or patellar instability, even if other indications were present. Of all included patients, the most common surgical indications for TDO were anterior knee pain (88%), patellar instability (59%), gait dysfunction (41%) and cosmetic deformity (12%). Twelve studies (71%) cited multiple of these indications as reasons for surgery. On physical exam, tibial torsion was measured most commonly by thigh–foot angle (59%) (TFA) and transmalleolar axis (24%) (TMA). In terms of TFA, the most frequently reported cut‐off for ETT was >30° (35%). Computerized tomography (CT) was used by nine studies (53%). The most common CT axes used to measure ETT were the TMA with respect to the posterior tibia condylar axis or the bicondylar tibia axis.ConclusionAnterior knee pain and/or patellar instability are common indications for TDO in patients with idiopathic tibial torsion. Standardized TFA thresholds (>30°) and CT measurement methods (TMA and posterior tibia condylar or bicondylar tibial axis) may help further establish objective surgical indications.Level of EvidenceIV.
MAKE IT SAFE TO BE DIFFERENT—BUT DON’T STOP THERE
Authors: Frei Frances , Morriss Anne 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFrances Frei is a professor at Harvard Business School, and was also Uber’s first Senior Vice President of Leadership and Strategy. Anne Morriss is the founder of the Leadership Consortium, which she describes as “a first‐of‐its‐kind leadership accelerator that works to help emerging leaders thrive.” They write about the many nuances of how employees feel safe (or otherwise) in the workplace. They include information about how inclusion is impacted by safety, partly with the use of what they call the Inclusion Dial. They write that their colleague “Tina Opie, a management professor at Babson College, challenges us in her own scholarship, it’s our collective and individual responsibility—and opportunity—to be great allies and partners to our teammates with different experiences of safety, and we must bring grace, humility, and urgency to the task.” They also cite their Harvard Business School colleague Amy Edmondson, and her groundbreaking work on psychological safety. Frei and Morriss write that “an organization that celebrates uniqueness assumes that difference is a source of creativity, innovation, and strength. It is not just something to watch out for as it may get in the way of some people’s contribution.”
Towards bioprocess engineering of cable bacteria: Establishment of a synthetic sediment
Authors: Stiefelmaier Judith , Keller Joshua , Neupert Wiebke , Ulber Roland 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCable bacteria, characterized by their multicellular filamentous growth, are prevalent in both freshwater and marine sediments. They possess the unique ability to transport electrons over distances of centimeters. Coupled with their capacity to fix CO2 and their record‐breaking conductivity for biological materials, these bacteria present promising prospects for bioprocess engineering, including potential electrochemical applications. However, the cultivation of cable bacteria has been limited to their natural sediment, constraining their utility in production processes. To address this, our study designs synthetic sediment, drawing on ion exchange chromatography data from natural sediments and existing literature on the requirements of cable bacteria. We examined the effects of varying bentonite concentrations on water retention and the impacts of different sands. For the first time, we cultivated cable bacteria on synthetic sediment, specifically the freshwater strain Electronema aureum GS. This cultivation was conducted over 10 weeks in a specially developed sediment bioreactor, resulting in an increased density of cable bacteria in the sediment and growth up to a depth of 5 cm. The creation of this synthetic sediment paves the way for the reproducible cultivation of cable bacteria. It also opens up possibilities for future process scale‐up using readily available components. This advancement holds significant implications for the broader field of bioprocess engineering.
Reducing dependency: Corporate ESG profiles and customer structure
Authors: Han Shangjie , Wang Yueyang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the organizational consequences of corporate ESG and its underlying mechanisms is essential for corporate management to develop sustainable strategies, and it is a topic of growing interest in academia. This study, utilizing a sample of Chinese A‐share listed firms from 2010 to 2019, examines the impact of corporate ESG profiles on customer structure. We demonstrate that superior ESG profiles (primarily the social and governance aspects) contribute to reducing customer concentration. This effect is achieved by enhancing firm reputation and employee efficiency, thereby increasing market competitiveness and market share. This effect is more pronounced in firms that invest heavily in advertising and have employees committed to long‐term goals. Furthermore, we discover that ESG‐driven changes in customer concentration led to additional organizational outcomes, including enhanced bargaining power over customers, improved financial performance, and reduced operational risk. In conclusion, our evidence suggests that ESG significantly shapes a firm's customer structure and, consequently, its operations.
MicroLED Displays from Full‐Color Conversion: A Practical, Manufacturable Approach
Authors: Zhu Mingwei , Ganapathiappan Sivapackia , Sivanandan Kulandaivelu , Ding Kai , Ng Hou T. , Li Zhiyong , Patibandla Nag 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFull‐color‐conversion microLED displays using UV microLED and RGB QDs free of Cd and Pb are highly promising for most commercial applications.
Smaller subcortical volume relates to greater weight gain in girls with initially healthy weight
Authors: Adise Shana , Ottino‐Gonzalez Jonatan , Hayati Rezvan Panteha , Kan Eric , Rhee Kyung E. , Goran Michael I. , Sowell Elizabeth R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveAmong 3614 youth who were 9 to 12 years old and initially did not have overweight or obesity (12% [n = 385] developed overweight or obesity), we examined the natural progression of weight gain and brain structure development during a 2‐year period with a high risk for obesity (e.g., pre‐ and early adolescence) to determine the following: 1) whether variation in maturational trajectories of the brain regions contributes to weight gain; and/or 2) whether weight gain contributes to altered brain development.MethodsData were gathered from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Linear mixed‐effects regression models controlled for puberty, caregiver education, handedness, and intracranial volume (random effects: magnetic resonance scanner [MRI] scanner and participant). Because pubertal development occurs earlier in girls, analyses were stratified by sex.ResultsFor girls, but not boys, independent of puberty, greater increases in BMI were driven by smaller volumes over time in the bilateral accumbens, amygdala, hippocampus, and thalamus, right caudate and ventral diencephalon, and left pallidum (all p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe results suggest a potential phenotype for identifying obesity risk because underlying differences among regions involved in food intake were related to greater weight gain in girls, but not in boys. Importantly, 2 years of weight gain may not be sufficient to alter brain development, highlighting early puberty as a critical time to prevent negative neurological outcomes.
Preparation and thermal conductivity of bimodal diamond particles reinforced phenolic resin composites
Authors: Xie Shihong , Gao Jie , Ma Yong , Zheng Ke , Du Le , Zhang Wenhai , Yu Shengwang , He Zhiyong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThermal conductive polymer composites have broad application prospects in the field of thermal management. However, due to intrinsically low thermal conductivity of polymers, even if fillers with high mass fraction are filled, the thermal conductivity of polymer composites cannot be significantly improved. In this paper, bimodal diamond particles (70 wt.% 150 μm and 22 wt.% 25 μm) were incorporated into phenolic resin to construct continuous heat transfer pathways by close packing, thereby enhancing its thermal conductivity. The results indicated that diamond particles with smaller particle size can effectively bridge the gaps between larger ones, forming a continuous for heat conduction. As a result, a maximum thermal conductivity value of 12.45 W/(m·K) can be achieved, which is 65.5 times, 9.8 times and 8.4 times higher than pure phenolic resin, 25 μm diamond particles reinforced phenolic resin composite and 150 μm diamond particles reinforced phenolic resin composite, respectively. Furthermore, heat dissipation and water cooling experiments also confirm the superior heat dissipation performance of phenolic resin composites reinforced with bimodal diamond particles. When the heating voltage is 10 V and the water cooling rate is 30 mL/min, the upper surface temperature of bimodal diamond composites is 129.2°C lower than that of pure phenolic resin. This investigation provides a new type of polymer composite with high thermal conductivity, which has promising prospects for application in thermal management. It also provides new insights for preparing polymer composites with high thermal conductivity by close packing of bimodal particles.Highlights
Surface modification of the filler enhances its combination with resin.
The interfacial bonding will be enhanced by D–OH bond on diamond surface.
Bimodal diamond particles lead to the formation of a closely packed structure.
This special structure can form a three‐dimensional heat conduction network.
The highest TC of the DD/PR composite is 12.45 W/(m·K).
Association of schizophrenia with fracture‐related femoral neck displacement: A cross‐sectional retrospective study
Authors: Inoue Yukiyo , Tokushige Akihiro , Kinjyo Takeshi , Ueda Shinichiro 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimFracture‐related femoral neck displacement is more likely in patients with schizophrenia because of delayed diagnosis, as these patients frequently have less severe fracture‐associated subjective symptoms. This study aimed to investigate the association of schizophrenia with the risk of fracture‐related femoral neck displacement in hospitalized patients.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients with femoral neck fractures treated between April 2013 and March 2018 at a single institution. Multivariate logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between schizophrenia and fracture‐related femoral neck displacement after adjusting for risk factors.ResultsWe compared 30 and 194 patients with and without schizophrenia, respectively. The prevalence of fracture‐related displacement was 80.0% in patients with schizophrenia and 62.4% in the controls (p = 0.06). After adjusting for confounding variables, schizophrenia significantly correlated with fracture‐related femoral neck displacement (odds ratio: 4.74, 95% confidence interval: 1.09–20.60, p = 0.0378).ConclusionsSchizophrenia is associated with a higher risk of severe femoral neck fracture. To improve outcomes and alleviate the societal burden of femoral neck fractures, early radiographic assessment and surgical intervention for femoral fractures are essential for patients with schizophrenia, even in those without pain symptoms.
Mechanism of the green coagulation processes on the construction of raw rubber network structure
Authors: Wang Longyu , Huang Yinggang , Diao Pengfei , Li Biao , Chen Yahui , Wang Chuansheng , Bian Huiguang , Xiao Yao , Li Wei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAcid coagulation is the most traditional latex coagulation technology, but this coagulation process leads to delayed vulcanization, corrosiveness, and environmental pollution. Different coagulation processes significantly impact the raw rubber network structure, leading to differences in the properties of both raw rubber and rubber vulcanizates. Raw rubber was prepared by three acid‐free coagulation processes: freeze, microwave, and flash drying. The network density, molecular chain flexibility, molecular weight, processing fluidity, and plasticity retention of the raw rubber were characterized, and the vulcanization characteristics, viscoelasticity, mechanical properties, and dynamic mechanical properties of the cured rubber composites were investigated. Raw rubbers prepared by microwave drying and flash drying had higher crosslink density, more flexible molecular chains, larger molecular weight, and wider molecular weight distribution, thereby increasing the crosslink density of rubber vulcanizates. The crosslink density of the raw rubber prepared by microwave drying versus the acid coagulated raw rubber increased by 51% to 105.71 mol/m3, the tensile strength increased by 16% to reach 28.12 MPa, and the elastic modulus and rolling resistance under dynamic stress increased. This paper provides a new idea for analyzing the relationship between the raw rubber network structure and the properties of vulcanized rubber.Highlights
Acid‐free raw rubbers are prepared by freeze, microwave, and flash drying.
Coagulation processes significantly impact the raw rubber network structures.
Effects of raw rubber network structures on properties are investigated.
Crosslink density, plasticity retention, and tensile strength are improved.
Investigation of swelling degree of polypropylene beads with monomers and blowing agents
Authors: Everton Stefanni S. , Gusmão Marcos , Oechsler Bruno F. , Castor Carlos A. , Pinto J. C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe swelling step of polymer particles or beads with blowing agents and monomers is one of the factors that directly affect the performance properties of expandable core–shell particles, including morphology, composition, and expansion degree. In this regard, the present work investigated the effect of swelling agents on polypropylene (PP) beads. Swelling agents were used to perform swelling tests in both bulk and suspension media at different temperatures and stirring rates. Additionally, a mass transfer model was implemented to predict the swelling degree at the analyzed experimental conditions. The obtained results indicated the important effect of temperature on swelling in both bulk and suspension tests. Among the investigated swelling agents, higher rates of PP beads swelling were observed when styrene was employed (~80 wt%), when compared to methyl methacrylate (~20 wt%), vinyl acetate (~9 wt%), and acrylonitrile (~6 wt%). Moreover, it seems that the stirring rate does not exert a considerable influence on the swelling rates, indicating that swelling is controlled by thermodynamic constraints and particle properties. Finally, experimental results showed that the final saturation concentration of the swelling agent can be reached before 1 hour of swelling, indicating that the swelling kinetics can be much faster than the polymerization kinetics.Highlights
The effects of non‐conventional swelling agents on PP were investigated.
The swelling presented a fast dynamic behavior.
The swelling dynamics was controlled by the solubility of the swelling agent.
The highest swelling degree was obtained with styrene.
AI‐PSM: Where are we now?
Authors: Hoff Rainer 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSince its public debut in late 2022, ChatGPT has sparked growing interest in AI (Artificial Intelligence) within the Process Safety Management (PSM) community, serving as a tool for data capture and industry‐wide knowledge utilization. While machine learning (ML) had previously been explored in process safety, the emergence of large language models with chat‐style interfaces has made AI more accessible to non‐experts. Over the past year, I have managed the “AI‐PSM” LinkedIn group, facilitating discussions among PSM practitioners on the AI applications in PSM. These discussions have been analyzed using Prof. Thomas Malone's “4 Roles of AI” framework. This paper explores prevailing sentiments among AI‐PSM group members using Malone's model, addressing challenges such as mathematical problem‐solving, errors, and benchmarking.