bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of electromagnetic field therapy in chronic respiratory disease: systematic review
Authors: Jaleel Ghufran , Khan R. Abdur , Khan Ashfaque , Malhotra Deepak 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionPulmonary function and functional capacity decline in chronic respiratory diseases, especially in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Physiotherapy is an integral part of treating respiratory patients since it helps combat muscle depletion and respiratory symptoms. Nevertheless, the knowledge about applying electromagnetic field (EMF) therapy as a therapeutic option in chronic respiratory patients is minimal. So, the aim of this review is to determine the effect of Electromagnetic Field Therapy on Pulmonary Function and 6-minute walk distance in chronic respiratory disease patients.MethodsThe PubMed, PeDRO, Scopus, COCHRANE, and Web of Science databases were searched and randomised control trials investigating EMF on pulmonary function and 6MWT distance in a chronic respiratory disease population, published before January 2022, were selected. Three reviewers assessed each study’s quality after data were extracted into a trial description form.ResultsThree studies met the inclusion criteria on pulmonary function and 6MWT distance. The sample size ranges from 10 to 37 for EMF. The improvement in pulmonary function was not significant in FEV1, FEV1/FVC and significant in PEF versus control. The change in 6MWT distance was 21.68 m, which is a clinically significant change.ConclusionsEMF therapy has been shown to improve pulmonary function and 6MWT distance. The study was the first to examine and synthesise existing EMF data.
Estimation of future rainfall extreme values by temperature-dependent disaggregation of climate model data
Authors: Ebers Niklas , Schröter Kai , Müller-Thomy Hannes 
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Rainfall time series with high temporal resolution play a crucial role in various hydrological fields, such as urban hydrology, flood risk management and soil erosion. Understanding the future changes in rainfall extreme values is essential for these applications. Since climate models typically offer daily resolution only, statistical downscaling in time seems a relevant and computationally effective solution. The micro-canonical cascade model conserves the daily rainfall amounts exactly, and having all model parameters expressed as physical interpretable probabilities avoids assumptions about future rainfall changes. Taking into account that short-duration rainfall extreme values are linked with high temperatures, the micro-canonical cascade model is further developed in this study. As the introduction of the temperature dependency increases the number of cascade model parameters, several modifications for parameter reduction are tested for 45 locations across Germany. To ensure spatial coherence with the climate model data, a composite product of radar and rain gauges with the same resolution was used for the estimation of the cascade model parameters. For the climate change analysis the core ensemble of the German Weather Service, which comprises six combinations of global and regional climate models, is applied for both RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. For parameter reduction two approaches were analysed: (i) the reduction via position-dependent probabilities and (ii) parameter reduction via scale independency. A combination of both approaches led to a reduction in the number of model parameters (48 parameters instead of 144 in the reference model) with only a minor effect on the disaggregation results. The introduction of the temperature dependency improves the disaggregation results, particularly regarding rainfall extreme values and is therefore important to consider for future studies. For the disaggregated rainfall time series of climate scenarios, an intensification of the rainfall extreme values is observed. Analyses of rainfall extreme values for different return periods for a rainfall duration of 5 min and 1 h indicate an increase of 5 %–10 % in the near-term future (2021–2050) and 15 %–25 % in the long-term future (2071–2100) compared to the control period (1971–2000).
Twenty-first century marine climate projections for the NW European shelf seas based on a perturbed parameter ensemble
Authors: Tinker Jonathan , Palmer Matthew D. , Harrison Benjamin J. , O'Dea Enda , Sexton David M. H. , Yamazaki Kuniko , Rostron John W. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The northwest European shelf (NWS) seas are environmentally and economically important, and an understanding of how their climate may change helps with their management. However, as the NWS seas are poorly represented in global climate models, a common approach is to dynamically downscale with an appropriate shelf sea model. We develop a set of physical marine climate projections for the NWS. We dynamically downscale 12 members of the HadGEM3-GC3.05 perturbed parameter ensemble (approximately 70 km horizontal resolution over Europe), developed for UKCP18, using the shelf sea model NEMO CO9 (7 km horizontal resolution). These are run under the RCP8.5 high-greenhouse-gas-emission scenario as continuous simulations over the period 1990–2098. We evaluate the simulations against observations in terms of tides, sea surface temperature (SST), surface and near-bed temperature and salinity, and sea surface height. These simulations represent the state of the art for NWS marine projections. We project an SST rise of 3.11 °C (± 2σ = 0.98 °C) and a sea surface salinity (SSS) freshening of −1.01 (± 2σ = 0.93; on the (unitless) practical salinity scale) for 2079–2098 relative to 2000–2019, averaged over the NWS (approximately bounded by the 200 m isobar and excluding the Norwegian Trench, the Skagerrak and Kattegat), a substantial seasonal stratification increase (23 d over the NWS seas), and a general weakening of the NWS residual circulation. While the patterns of NWS changes are similar to our previous projections, there is a greater warming and freshening that could reflect the change from the A1B emissions scenario to the RCP8.5 concentrations pathway or the higher climate sensitivity exhibited by HadGEM3-GC3.05. Off the shelf, south of Iceland, there is limited warming, consistent with a reduction in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and associated northward heat transport. These projections have been publicly released, along with a consistent 200-year present-day control simulation, to provide an evidence base for climate change assessments and to facilitate climate impact studies. For example, we illustrate how the two products can be used to estimate climate trends, unforced variability and the time of emergence (ToE) of the climate signals. We calculate the average NWS SST ToE to be 2034 (with an 8-year range) and 2046 (with a 33-year range) for SSS. We also discuss how these projections can be used to describe NWS conditions under 2 and 4 °C global mean warming (compared with 1850–1900), as a policy-relevant exemplar use case.
Požadavky na manažery bezpečnostních sborů z perspektivy průzkumu u studentů Policejní akademie v Praze
Authors:   Policejní akademie České republiky v Praze, Jedinák Petr 
Published: June 2024

Successes or failures in the prosperity of an organisation can be largely attributed to the managers who run the organisation. Nor can it be assumed that the role of managers will recede into the background in the future. Their role will be strengthened by some new realities, e.g. globalisation of the world economy and coping with its effects, the complexity, flexibility of managing internal operational processes, accelerating pace of change, etc. The specifics on managers vary according to the type of organisation. Within the elaborated paper we focused on managers performing their profession in security forces. The paper incorporates the results of the research conducted on this issue among students of the combined form of teaching at the Police Academy of the Czech Republic in Prague.
Pohľad na problematiku hybridnej vojny po anexii Krymského polostrova
Authors:   Akadémia ozbrojených síl generála Milana Rastislava Štefánika, Liptovský Mikuláš, Andrassy Vladimír , Ondruš Martin ,   Akadémia ozbrojených síl generála Milana Rastislava Štefánika, Liptovský Mikuláš
Published: June 2024

The term "hybrid war" first emerged in the late 20th century, and the concept is now being discussed across a number of fields, including academic, military, and political domains. A fundamental change in the understanding of the concept occurred in 2014, in the context of the annexation of the Crimean Peninsula (Crimea), when a significant number of authors, as well as institutions, began to address the issue of hybrid warfare. Currently, the issue is also characterized in the strategic documents of various states, including the Visegrad Group (hereinafter referred to as V4). Since its discovery, the issue has not had a unified definition, and its constant expansion and confusion of terms deepens its ambiguity.
Poskytovanie podpory zo strany hostiteľskej krajiny Slovenskou republikou
Authors:   Akadémia ozbrojených síl generála Milana Rastislava Štefánika, Liptovský Mikuláš, Némethová Mária 
Published: June 2024

Due to the change in the security environment at present, the provision of host nation support is a very topical topic for the Slovak Republic. For NATO members to be able to deliver on Alliance commitments and collective defence, alignment is needed. As part of NATO's forward presence in the eastern part of the alliance, the Slovak Republic has also become a country providing host nation support. The aim of the article is to define the issue of providing host nation support and propose solutions for creating more suitable conditions.
Complejos de Von Meyenburg o hamartomas biliares: reporte de un caso
Authors: Ramírez Barranco Rosángela , Suárez Quintero Carmen Yanette , Ávila Almanza Fredy 
Published: June 2024

Introducción. Los complejos de Von Meyenburg o hamartomas biliares son una anomalía congénita benigna rara de los conductos biliares intrahepáticos. Generalmente son asintomáticos y se encuentran de manera incidental en los estudios de imágenes pero pueden ser causa de ictericia, dolor abdominal y colangitis.
Caso clínico. Paciente de sexo masculino de 80 años, que ingresa en el servicio de urgencias por ictericia progresiva asociada a prurito, con hepatograma alterado y patrón de colestasis. Se le realizan estudios de imágenes en los cuales no se evidencian alteraciones en el parénquima hepático ni en las vías biliares. Se decide realizar una biopsia hepática en la que se observa colestasis canalicular perivenular y presencia de complejos de Von Meyenburg. El paciente recibió tratamiento con ácido ursodesoxicólico con normalización de la colestasis en el seguimiento ambulatorio.
Conclusión. El diagnóstico de hamartomas biliares debe tenerse en cuenta en los pacientes con colestasis intrahepática en los que no se identifica la etiología con los estudios iniciales. Representan un desafío diagnóstico ya que no siempre se observan en los estudios de imágenes.
Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Helicobacter pylori Antibiotic Resistance in Cuenca, Ecuador
Authors: González Esteban , Cordova Reyes Diego , Abad Paula , González Camila , Cordero Juan José , González Eduardo , López Dominguez Guillermo , Pesantez Juan , Tobar Lima Diego 
Published: June 2024

Introduction. Helicobacter pylori is responsible for a highly prevalent bacterial infection in developing countries, and its adequate pharmacological treatment is essential to prevent serious complications such as gastric cancer. However, at present, the usual treatment has significant failure rates, and its main factor is bacterial resistance.
Aim. To identify the frequency and risk factors for resistance to clarithromycin, amoxicillin, azithromycin, metronidazole, and levofloxacin in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection in the Gastroenterology Center, Cuenca, between December 2020 and May 2021.
Material and methods. A single-center observational and descriptive study of 157 adult patients who underwent endoscopic procedures and biopsies that were cultured to obtain resistance rates to different antibiotics. Patients were excluded if they did not sign the informed consent if they had received treatment with antibiotics, bismuth and/or proton pump inhibitors, at least two weeks before the procedure, and if they had received prior treatment for Helicobacter pylori, or with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Information was collected using a form: age, sex, sociodemographics, and access to public services. Data were presented in tables, with relative frequencies and percentages. Pearson's Chi-square test was used to assess the association between variables. Statistically significant association when p < 0.05.
Results. The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 31.2% by urea test and 12.1% by 48-hour culture. The lowest percentage of resistance was observed for levofloxacin (0%), followed by azithromycin at 16.7%; clarithromycin at 21.1%; amoxicillin 25 mcg at 26.3%; amoxicillin 10 mcg at 31.6% and with the highest percentage of resistance, metronidazole with 63.2%. Resistance to metronidazole and amoxicillin 25 mcg was only significantly associated with patient age, being higher in those older than 60 years.
Conclusions. Metronidazole had a high resistance rate in the sample, while levofloxacin had a sensitivity of 100%. Resistance to metronidazole and amoxicillin 25 mcg was associated with patient longevity.
Hallazgos endoscópicos en los procedimientos realizados en una guardia de pediatría: Experiencia de un hospital de alta complejidad de la Patagonia Argentina
Authors: Alarcón Guillermo Pablo , Lamot Juan , Dieguez Analía , Palas César , Llambi Julián , Farias Ailen 
Published: June 2024

Introducción. La endoscopía digestiva es una herramienta fundamental en la práctica de la gastroenterología pediátrica; es crucial en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de diversas patologías como la ingestión de cuerpos extraños. La incidencia de estos eventos es relevante en la población infantil, con riesgos potenciales para la salud.
Aim. El objetivo de este estudio es describir los motivos de realización de endoscopias de urgencia o emergencia, en una guardia de pediatría, en el hospital general de mayor complejidad de la Patagonia Argentina.
Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo, transversal, retrospectivo y observacional realizado en el Hospital Regional Castro Rendón, Neuquén. Se recopilaron datos demográficos, presentación clínica, momento del procedimiento, características endoscópicas, causas y evolución médica de pacientes menores de 15 años que ingresaron por urgencias pediátricas. Se utilizaron criterios de clasificación para evaluar la gravedad de las lesiones.
Resultados. Se analizaron 105 casos, predominantemente en niñas, con una edad promedio de 4.5 años. La mayoría de los casos involucraron ingestión de cuerpos extraños, seguidos por lesiones debidas a ingesta de productos cáusticos y hemorragias digestivas. Las endoscopias se realizaron principalmente los viernes. Las monedas fueron el cuerpo extraño más frecuente, mientras que las lesiones por productos cáusticos fueron principalmente alcalinas. Todos los pacientes evolucionaron favorablemente, sin complicaciones derivadas del procedimiento.
Conclusión. La ingestión de cuerpos extraños fue el resultado más común de las endoscopías en la guardia pediátrica. Las hemorragias digestivas fueron menos frecuentes. Todos los casos presentaron una evolución favorable. Se destaca la necesidad de programas de prevención y educación para reducir la incidencia de estos eventos en la población infantil.
Conceptos actuales y abordaje de la hemorragia digestiva de intestino medio
Authors: Giraudo Florencia , Garbi María Laura 
Published: June 2024

La hemorragia digestiva de intestino medio es considerada una patología poco frecuente y representa aproximadamente el 5 a 10% de todas las hemorragias del tracto gastrointestinal. En las últimas décadas, los avances en el estudio del intestino delgado han mejorado considerablemente su diagnóstico, logrando una tasa de detección de la etiología cercana al 75%. A pesar de estos avances, su presentación clínica, diagnóstico y abordaje terapéutico continúan siendo un desafío en la práctica médica. El éxito en el tratamiento de esta condición depende en gran medida de una evaluación exhaustiva de la historia clínica del paciente, de una sospecha adecuada de las lesiones subyacentes y de la correcta implementación de las herramientas diagnósticas y terapéuticas disponibles en la actualidad. Esta revisión tiene como objetivo abordar las definiciones actuales de hemorragia digestiva del intestino medio, su etiología, así como su enfoque diagnóstico y terapéutico, con el fin de orientar el manejo de esta patología.
La evolución de la deuda pública en España en 2023
Authors: García-Moral Blanca , Laporta-Corbera M.ª Isabel 
Published: June 2024

Motivación
En este artículo se analiza el endeudamiento de las Administraciones Públicas en España durante el año 2023 a partir de las estadísticas que elabora y publica el Banco de España y desde una perspectiva comparada con otros países de la zona del euro.
Ideas principales
•En 2023, la ratio de deuda pública sobre el PIB se redujo en 3,9 puntos porcentuales (pp), hasta el 107,7 %.
•Por subsectores, la Administración Central siguió siendo el más endeudado, con una ratio de deuda del 98,1 % del PIB.
•En el conjunto del área del euro, la ratio de deuda en 2023 fue del 88,6 % del PIB, 2,2 pp menos que en 2022.
Enhanced Soil Decontamination via Electrokinetic Removal of Organic Pollutants
Authors: Ngieng Hui Yee , Jusoh Muhammad Noor Hazwan , Ahmad Noraziah , Al Masud Md Abdullah , Samaraweera Hasara , Mohamed Mohamed Mostafa 
Published: June 2024

Soil pollution is one of the concern issues in the Asia region. Soil acts as a shelter for underground microorganisms and provides nutrients for plants. Most of the organic contaminants are sourced from agriculture and industrial areas. Organic contaminants which are volatilized and immiscible lead to air and water pollution. Electrokinetic remediation is a technology that has been developed for soil remediation since a few decades ago. It is not fully developed and is still under investigation. Electrokinetic remediation is being applied to improve the removal efficiency of organic contaminants which exist in low hydraulic conductivity of soil or fine-grained soil. Generally, a low direct current, 1DCV/cm is applied. Facilitating agents including surfactant and co-solvent combined with electrokinetic remediation eliminated more organic contaminants compared with electrokinetic remediation alone. Electrokinetic remediation with the addition of bioremediation or phytoremediation process manipulates the transportation of organic contaminants in soil to increase the efficiency of remediation technologies. Electrokinetic remediation is recommended due to its flexibility, cost-effectiveness, and safety. One of the drawbacks is low effectiveness in removing non-polar organic pollutants due to weak desorption capacity and poor solubility in water. Co-solvents and surfactants can be introduced as alternatives to enhancing the solubility of non-polar pollutants and reducing surface tension, which improves their mobility within the soil matrix. These facilitating agents help improve the overall effectiveness of electrokinetic remediation, particularly for challenging contaminants.
Effects of residential safety management to prevent falls in the elderly
Authors: Yokphochanacha Chaiyakrit , Paengprakhon Yanitha , Duangsr Jaruporn 
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this quasi-experimental research was to investigate the effects of residential safety management among 60 elderly population in a 5-star elderly school. A simple random sampling method was employed to select 30 elderly people who voluntarily participated in the research with appropriate protection of rights. They were randomly assigned into an experimental group and a comparison group. Four activities were continuously organized in the experimental group for a total of 8 weeks. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, and paired t-test. The results showed that 30.0% of elderly people experienced falls in the house; 40.0% had been injured from an accident in the house; 33.3% had slipped or tripped and 50.0% of them (15 people) were injured and hospitalized. The most common cause of falls was blurred vision (50.0%). After the residential safety management to prevent falls was carried out, the elderly people’s knowledge, attitude, and behavior scores increased in all three areas. When comparing the mean scores before and after the residential safety management to prevent falls in the elderly, there was a statistically significant difference (p-Value = 0.05).
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE MAKE A MATCH DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI SD NEGERI I RANTAU PANJANG KABUPATEN MUSI BANYUASIN
Authors: Ermalinda Ermalinda , Mabruria Arni 
Published: June 2024

This research discusses how to apply the make a match type cooperative learning model to Islamic religious education learning in class V of SD Negeri I Rantau Panjang and how active the students are in learning. This type of research is qualitative research with research data sources being PAI teachers and students. Data collection methods use observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the research show that PAI teachers in class V of SD Negeri I Rantau Panjang have implemented the make a match type cooperative learning model according to the steps. The application of this learning model has succeeded in increasing student learning activity, as can be seen from the active involvement of students in the learning process
Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe make a match pada pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam di kelas V SD Negeri I Rantau Panjang dan bagaimana keaktifan belajar siswa. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan sumber data penelitian adalah guru PAI dan siswa. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru PAI di kelas V SD Negeri I Rantau Panjang sudah menerapkan model pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe make a match sesuai dengan langkah-langkahnya. Penerapan model pembelajaran ini berhasil meningkatkan keaktifan belajar siswa, terlihat dari keterlibatan siswa secara aktif dalam prosen pembelajaran
Factores determinantes de adopción de tecnología e innovación: un estudio de las pymes ante la COVID-19
Authors: García Alvarado Marisol , Cabrera Ramos Cristina , Holguín Magallanes Karinna Idalia 
Published: June 2024

La presente investigación analizó los determinantes que provocan que los empresarios decidan o no invertir en la adopción de tecnología e innovaciones. La investigación realizada fue de tipo aplicada con enfoque cualitativo y descriptivo, con la finalidad de dar respuesta a la hipótesis planteada en la presente investigación. Los hallazgos de la investigación se llevaron a través de la recopilación de información y análisis de datos. Asimismo, las variables de estudio fueron la innovación y la tecnología en el sector empresarial (pymes) en tiempos de crisis, como lo fue la ocasionada por la pandemia COVID-19. Dada la hipótesis planteada “la falta de conocimiento tecnológico y una cultura empresarial tradicional son factores que propician que los empresarios dueños de pymes no innoven, o bien, solo inviertan en la tecnología necesaria, por lo que la pandemia le dio un giro a esta situación provocando que estos se vieran forzados a adaptarse a los nuevos cambios tecnológicos para sobrevivir en el mercado empresarial”, se acepta dada la revisión de literatura presentada, sin embargo, se sugiere indagar sobre el tema para profundizar en el análisis. Además, se concreta que de acuerdo al objetivo 9 de la Agenda 2030 de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas que refiere a innovación, las pymes deben tener más acceso a la tecnología, sistemas de información y acelerar el incremento de tecnologías digitales.