bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Das Ersttrimesterscreening und die neue Risikoberechnungsoftware der Fetal Medicine Foundation Deutschland
Authors: Eiben B. , Thode C. , Merz E. 
Published: December 2011

Zusammenfassung
Das Ersttrimesterscreening zur Risikobestimmung für Trisomie 21, 18 und 13 hat sich in den letzten 10 Jahren in Deutschland etabliert. Die optimale Durchführung setzt die Einhaltung bestimmter Messkriterien voraus sowie die Benutzung evaluierter Risikoberechnungsprogramme. Die individuelle Risikoberechnung erfolgt im deutschsprachigen Raum meist mit dem Berechnungsprogramm PRC der Fetal Medicine Foundation Deutschland (FMF-D) unter Verwendung der Angaben zum maternalen Alter, zur Scheitel-Steiß-Länge, zur Nackentransparenz, zum freien β-HCG (Humanchoriongonadotropin) und zum PAPP-A („pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A“). PRC 2.0 berücksichtigt zusätzlich den Nikotinkonsum, die ethnische Herkunft und das mütterliche Gewicht. Durch die neuen Version des Berechnungsprogramms PRC 2.0 konnte die Trisomie-21-, -18- und -13-Detektionsrate erhöht werden bei gleichzeitiger Senkung der Falsch-positiv-Raten. Diese Ergebnisse werden verglichen mit den Ergebnissen aus der vorherigen Version von PRC und denen des englischen Algorithmus.
Nichtinvasive molekulargenetische Methoden in der pränatalen Diagnostik
Authors: Geigl J.B. , Speicher M.R. 
Published: December 2011

Zusammenfassung
Seit vielen Jahren wird an der Entwicklung nichtinvasiver pränataler Untersuchungen gearbeitet, um die Risiken für den Fetus bei der traditionellen Amniozentese oder Choriozottenbiopsie zu umgehen. Bis vor Kurzem waren die meisten Ansätze extrem aufwendig und nur auf ausgewählte Fragestellungen limitiert, sodass sie nicht über einen „Proof-of-principle-Status“ hinauskamen. Dies hat sich durch Einführung neuer Sequenzierverfahren grundlegend geändert, weil erste Studien belegten, dass fetale Aneuploidien aus mütterlicher Plasma-DNA korrekt identifiziert werden können. Darüber hinaus erlauben diese Techniken auch den Mutationsstatus des Fetus zu erheben, sodass sich einerseits in der pränatalen Diagnostik ganz neue Möglichkeiten ergeben, die andererseits aber auch mit erheblichen ethischen Herausforderungen verbunden sind. In dieser Übersicht wird die Entwicklung zu diesen neuen Verfahren dargestellt.
Präimplantationsdiagnostik für monogen vererbte Erkrankungen
Authors: Hehr A. , Paulmann B. , Seifert B. , Hehr U. 
Published: December 2011

Zusammenfassung
Die Präimplantationsdiagnostik (PID) für monogen vererbte Erkrankungen ist heute neben der Pränataldiagnostik als eine Möglichkeit der Realisierung des Kinderwunsches international fest etabliert. Die Schwangerschaftsraten entsprechen denen einer Behandlung mit intrazytoplasmatischer Spermieninjektion (ICSI) ohne genetische Testung im Rahmen der normalen Kinderwunschbehandlung. Sie erfordert vorab eine umfassende ergebnisoffene genetische und reproduktionsmedizinische Beratung interessierter Paare mit Darstellung der Möglichkeiten der PID, aber auch ihrer Risiken und ihrer begrenzten Erfolgschancen. Von Seiten des PID-Zentrums ist neben einer guten interdisziplinären medizinischen Betreuung ein Qualitätsmanagement für das genetische und In-vitro-Fertilisations(IVF)-Labor inklusive Schnittstellen zu etablieren, welches den Besonderheiten der Einzelzelldiagnostik Rechnung trägt.
Use of magnetic resonance analysis for clinical evaluation of the peripheral area of gestational sac in bleeding and non‐bleeding ectopic pregnancy cases
Authors: Kuroda Masako , Kuroda Keiji , Kuwatsuru Ryohei , Kitade Mari , Kikuchi Iwaho , Kumakiri Jun , Matsuoka Shozo , Takeda Satoru 
Published: December 2011

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate preoperative magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features of bleeding and non‐bleeding ectopic pregnancy (EP) by comparison with surgical findings.MethodsEighteen suspected EP cases underwent preoperative MR imaging. We classified 8 cases as the bleeding group and 7 cases as the non‐bleeding group with or without intra‐abdominal bleeding and/or hematoma at the site of EP, and compared, retrospectively, gestational sac (GS)‐like structure, particularly the peripheral area of the GS via MR analysis. Excluded were 3 cases that were insufficient for assessing extrauterine GS‐like structure: ruptured tubal pregnancy and uterine horn pregnancy.ResultsGS‐like structures were typically observed as low intensity on T1‐weighted image (T1WI) and as high intensity on T2‐weighted image (T2WI). In non‐bleeding cases, most peripheral areas of the GS were of intermediate intensity on T1WI and high intensity on T2WI. Most bleeding cases were of high intensity on T1WI and low to high intensity on T2WI. Furthermore, the peripheral area of the GS was of higher intensity on T1WI with fat suppression than on T1WI.ConclusionsIt is clear that MR imaging is effective for diagnosis of cases of suspected EP. EP conditions may be predicted by signal intensity of the peripheral area of the GS via MR analysis.
Basaloid follicular hamartoma: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Huang Shu‐Han , Hsiao Tien‐Fa , Lee Chin‐Cheng 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBasaloid follicular hamartoma (BFH) is a rare, benign, skin adnexal tumor. Several clinical patterns have been reported, but they all share the same histopathological features. BFH may be hereditary or nonhereditary and can be accompanied by systemic diseases. Microscopic examination of BFH shows branching cords and anastomosing strands of basaloid cells in a loose, fibrous stroma. The most important pathological differential diagnosis is infundibulocystic basal cell carcinoma. These two lesions must be differentiated carefully based on clinical presentation and histopathological picture, and even molecular studies may be needed. We present a report of a 78‐year‐old woman with a solitary, asymptomatic, slow‐growing skin tumor on her left scalp. No associated systemic disorders were found. On the basis of an excisional biopsy performed on the tumor, a pathological diagnosis of sporadic BFH was made.
HERMITE–HADAMARD TYPE INEQUALITIES FOR FUNCTIONS WHEN A POWER OF THE ABSOLUTE VALUE OF THE FIRST DERIVATIVE IS P-CONVEX
Authors: BARANI A. , BARANI S. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIn this paper we extend some estimates of the right-hand side of a Hermite–Hadamard type inequality for functions whose derivatives’ absolute values are P-convex. Applications to the trapezoidal formula and special means are introduced.
ESSENTIAL NORM OF EXTENDED CESÀRO OPERATORS FROM ONE BERGMAN SPACE TO ANOTHER
Authors: HU ZHANGJIAN 
Published: December 2011

AbstractLet Ap(φ) be the pth Bergman space consisting of all holomorphic functions f on the unit ball B of ℂn for which $\|f\|^p_{p,\varphi }= \int _B |f(z)|^p \varphi (z) \,dA(z)\lt +\infty $, where φ is a given normal weight. Let Tg be the extended Cesàro operator with holomorphic symbol g. The essential norm of Tg as an operator from Ap (φ) to Aq (φ) is denoted by $\|T_g\|_{e, A^p (\varphi )\to A^q (\varphi )} $. In this paper it is proved that, for p≤q, with 1/k=(1/p)−(1/q) , where ℜg(z) is the radial derivative of g; and for p>q, with 1/s=(1/q)−(1/p) .
The effect of dietary methionine and white tea on oxidative status of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)
Authors: Pérez-Jiménez Amalia , Peres Helena , Cruz Rubio Vera , Oliva-Teles Aires 
Published: December 2011

Free radicals are continuously generated during an organism's lifetime. In order to understand the involvement in the oxidative status of fish, methionine and white tea were assayed as antioxidant supplements in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). For the purpose of this study, four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated to contain 45 % of protein and 18 % lipid and 0·3 % methionine (Met diet), 2·9 % white tea dry leaves (Tea diet) and 2·9 % of white tea dry leaves+0·3 % methionine (Tea+Met diet). An unsupplemented diet was used as the control. Key enzymatic antioxidant defences, superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoenzyme profile, total, reduced and oxidised glutathione and oxidative damage markers were determined. The results showed that dietary methionine supplementation increased liver SOD activity, while white tea induced higher hepatic catalase activity. Dietary white tea induced a notable increase in Mn-SOD isoenzyme. This is the first study to provide evidence that dietary tea inclusion in fish feeding could be an important source of Mn with metabolic repercussions on antioxidant mechanisms.
GLOBAL EXISTENCE AND BLOW-UP FOR A DOUBLY DEGENERATE PARABOLIC EQUATION SYSTEM WITH NONLINEAR BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
Authors: MI YONG-SHENG , MU CHUN-LAI , LIU DENG-MING 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIn this paper, we deal with the global existence and blow-up of solutions to a doubly degenerative parabolic system with nonlinear boundary conditions. By constructing various kinds of sub- and super-solutions and using the basic properties of M-matrix, we give the necessary and sufficient conditions for global existence of non-negative solutions, which extend the recent results of Zheng, Song and Jiang (S. N. Zheng, X. F. Song and Z. X. Jiang, Critical Fujita exponents for degenerate parabolic equations coupled via nonlinear boundary flux, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 298 (2004), 308–324), Xiang, Chen and Mu (Z. Y. Xiang, Q. Chen, C. L. Mu, Critical curves for degenerate parabolic equations coupled via nonlinear boundary flux, Appl. Math. Comput. 189 (2007), 549–559) and Zhou and Mu (J. Zhou and C. L Mu, On critical Fujita exponents for degenerate parabolic system coupled via nonlinear boundary flux, Pro. Edinb. Math. Soc. 51 (2008), 785–805) to more general equations.
INDICABLE GROUPS AND ENDOMORPHIC PRESENTATIONS
Authors: BENLI MUSTAFA GÖKHAN 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIn this paper we look at presentations of subgroups of finitely presented groups with infinite cyclic quotients. We prove that if H is a finitely generated normal subgroup of a finitely presented group G with G/H cyclic, then H has ascending finite endomorphic presentation. It follows that any finitely presented indicable group without free semigroups has the structure of a semidirect product H ⋊ ℤ, where H has finite ascending endomorphic presentation.
Cameronia(lichenized Ascomycetes), a remarkable new alpine genus from Tasmania
Authors: KANTVILAS Gintaras 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe new genus,CameroniaKantvilas, is described and illustrated. It is characterized by a crustose thallus, a chlorococcalean photobiont, deeply immersed perithecioid ascomata, four-spored asci with an intensely hemiamyloid outer wall and non-amyloid, well-developed tholus, and hyaline, muriform ascospores. The taxonomic position of the new genus is uncertain although a relationship with theOstropomycetidaeis likely. Two species, both endemic to the highlands of Tasmania, are described:C. pertusarioidesKantvilas, which is one of the most common lichens on dolerite in alpine Tasmania, andC. tectaKantvilas, which is confined to metamorphosed sediments.
A new Agonimia from Europe with a flabelliform thallus
Authors: GUZOW-KRZEMIŃSKA Beata , HALDA Josef P. , CZARNOTA Paweł 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAgonimia flabelliformis sp. nov. (Verrucariaceae, Ascomycota) is described as a new species from the Czech Republic, Germany and Great Britain. Except for the distinctive, flabelliform to minutely coralloid thallus the species mostly resembles A. allobata. It differs from other related species of Agonimia in the absence of cortical papillae and in ascospore size. The distinctness of the new species and its placement within the genus Agonimia is supported by analyses of mitochondrial small subunit ribosomal DNA sequences from several samples of the taxon, and from many other representatives of Verrucariales including newly sequenced A. repleta and A. vouauxii. Additionally, ITS rDNA sequence data supports the distinction of A. flabelliformis from A. allobata. However, A. allobata was found to be highly variable and relationships, as well as the monophyly of taxa within Agonimia, are still unresolved and need further investigation.
A new saxicolous species of Diploschistes (Thelotremataceae) from the Canary Islands
Authors: PÉREZ-VARGAS Israel , HERNÁNDEZ-PADRÓN Consuelo , PAZ Pedro L. PÉREZ DE , ELIX John A. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDiploschistes albopruinosus is described as new to science. This species is found on siliceous rocks in La Caldera de Taburiente National Park (La Palma, Canary Islands). A description of the species is given together with notes on its chemistry, distribution, ecology and taxonomy. Related lichen taxa are discussed.
Species delimitations in the Cladonia cariosa group (Cladoniaceae, Ascomycota)
Authors: PINO-BODAS Raquel , BURGAZ Ana Rosa , MARTÍN María P. , LUMBSCH H. Thorsten 
Published: December 2011

AbstractPhenotypic characters, either morphological or chemical, have shown to be insufficient to delimit species boundaries in the genus Cladonia. The present study addresses the circumscription of species within the Cladonia cariosa group, examining a number of specimens of the currently accepted taxa Cladonia cariosa, C. symphycarpa, C. acuminata, C. subcariosa and C. latiloba. We employed maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods of phylogenetic reconstructions based on DNA sequences of ITS, rpb2 and ef1α regions. Our results show that the C. cariosa group consists of at least four phylogenetic lineages. It is also shown that each of these lineages is chemically variable, which restricts the taxonomic value of the chemical differences within the group. However, anatomical differences, such as squamule surface and cortex structure, were found to correlate with the distinct lineages found in the phylogenetic analysis. This result confirms the taxonomic value of the cortical surface under SEM, as was found in other lichen groups.
Range-only fuzzy Voronoi-enhanced localization of mobile robots in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Herrero D. , Martínez H. 
Published: December 2011

SUMMARYWireless Sensor Network (WSN) localization has shown a growing research interest, thanks to the expected proliferation of WSN applications. This work is focused on indoor localization of a mobile robot in a WSN using only inter-node range measurements, which are estimated by radio frequency signal strength attenuation. These measurements are affected by different sources of uncertainty that make them highly noisy and unreliable. The proposed approach makes use of fuzzy logic for modeling and dealing with such uncertain information. Besides, the position estimation is enhanced using a rough description of indoor environment. The experiments show that the proposed localization approach (i) is fault-tolerant, (ii) results feasible in low-density WSNs, and (iii) provides better position estimations than well-known localization methods when the position measurements are affected by high uncertainty.
Cognitive Function and Assistive Technology for Cognition: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gillespie Alex , Best Catherine , O'Neill Brian 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe relationship between assistive technology for cognition (ATC) and cognitive function was examined using a systematic review. A literature search identified 89 publications reporting 91 studies of an ATC intervention in a clinical population. The WHO International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) was used to categorize the cognitive domains being assisted and the tasks being performed. Results show that ATC have been used to effectively support cognitive functions relating to attention, calculation, emotion, experience of self, higher level cognitive functions (planning and time management) and memory. The review makes three contributions: (1) It reviews existing ATC in terms of cognitive function, thus providing a framework for ATC prescription on the basis of a profile of cognitive deficits, (2) it introduces a new classification of ATC based on cognitive function, and (3) it identifies areas for future ATC research and development. (JINS, 2012,18, 1–19)
Quantitative High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy of Single Atoms
Authors: Gamm Björn , Blank Holger , Popescu Radian , Schneider Reinhard , Beyer André , Gölzhäuser Armin , Gerthsen Dagmar 
Published: December 2011

AbstractSingle atoms can be considered as the most basic objects for electron microscopy to test the microscope performance and basic concepts for modeling image contrast. In this work high-resolution transmission electron microscopy was applied to image single platinum, molybdenum, and titanium atoms in an aberration-corrected transmission electron microscope. The atoms are deposited on a self-assembled monolayer substrate that induces only negligible contrast. Single-atom contrast simulations were performed on the basis of Weickenmeier-Kohl and Doyle-Turner form factors. Experimental and simulated image intensities are in quantitative agreement on an absolute intensity scale, which is provided by the vacuum image intensity. This demonstrates that direct testing of basic properties such as form factors becomes feasible.
On the implementation ofGNU Prolog
Authors: DIAZ DANIEL , ABREU SALVADOR , CODOGNET PHILIPPE 
Published: December 2011

AbstractGNU Prologis a general-purpose implementation of the Prolog language, which distinguishes itself from most other systems by being, above all else, a native-code compiler which produces stand-alone executables which do not rely on any bytecode emulator or meta-interpreter. Other aspects which stand out include the explicit organization of the Prolog system as a multipass compiler, where intermediate representations are materialized, in Unix compiler tradition.GNU Prologalso includes an extensible and high-performance finite-domain constraint solver, integrated with the Prolog language but implemented using independent lower-level mechanisms. This paper discusses the main issues involved in designing and implementingGNU Prolog: requirements, system organization, performance, and portability issues as well as its position with respect to other Prolog system implementations and the ISO standardization initiative.
Matching ASCAT and QuikSCAT winds
Authors: Bentamy Abderrahim , Grodsky Semyon A. , Carton James A. , Croizé‐Fillon Denis , Chapron Bertrand 
Published: December 2011

Surface winds from two scatterometers, the Advanced scatterometer (ASCAT), available since 2007, and QuikSCAT, which was available through November 2009, show persistent differences during their period of overlap. This study examines a set of collocated observations during a 13‐month period November 2008 through November 2009, to evaluate the causes of these differences. A difference in the operating frequency of the scatterometers leads to differences that this study argues depend on rain rate, wind velocity, and SST. The impact of rainfall on the higher frequency QuikSCAT introduces biases of up to 1 m s−1 in the tropical convergence zones and along the western boundary currents even after rain flagging is applied. This difference from ASCAT is reduced by some 30% to 40% when data for which the multidimensional rain probabilities > 0.05 is also removed. An additional component of the difference in wind speed seems to be the result of biases in the geophysical transfer functions used in processing the two data sets and is parameterized here as a function of ASCAT wind speed and direction relative to the mid‐beam azimuth. After applying the above two corrections, QuikSCAT wind speed remains systematically lower (by 0.5 m s−1) than ASCAT over regions of cold SST < 5°C. This difference appears to be the result of temperature‐dependence in the viscous damping of surface waves which has a greater impact on shorter waves and thus preferentially impacts QuikSCAT. The difference in wind retrievals also increases in the storm track corridors as well as in the coastal regions where the diurnal cycle of winds is aliased by the time lag between satellites.
A solar escalator: Observational evidence of the self‐lifting of smoke and aerosols by absorption of solar radiation in the February 2009 Australian Black Saturday plume
Authors: de Laat A. T. J. , Stein Zweers D. C. , Boers R. , Tuinder O. N. E. 
Published: December 2011

We present an analysis of the evolution of the smoke plume caused by the Black Saturday bushfires, which started on 7 February 2009 in the Australian state of Victoria. Within 3 days this smoke plume was located at altitudes between 15 and 20 km thousands of kilometers away from its source region. Standard explanations for high tropospheric and lower stratospheric absorbing aerosols are either volcanic eruptions or pyroconvection. We performed a detailed analysis of various satellite observations, forward trajectory calculations, and meteorological conditions during the fire episode, yet we could not find evidence of either of these standard mechanisms explaining the observed plume evolution. Pyroconvection observed within the initial smoke plumes remained predominantly below 10 km altitude. Furthermore, there are not active volcanoes in the region. We postulate that the subsequent rise beyond approximately 10 km altitude during the first 3 days after the fires started was caused by absorption of short‐wave solar radiation in the plume. Observations indicate that the plume was highly absorptive and optically very thick. One‐dimensional plume height radiative transfer calculations with realistic assumptions about the optical properties of the smoke show that the plume could rise to 16–18 km after 5 days and up to 20 km after 10 days. The plume rise exhibits a characteristic step‐like time evolution that tracks the variation in diurnal insolation and resembles an escalator. We argue that this is the first time that this mechanism, known as “self‐lifting,” has been observed on a large scale. The key features of this mechanism and its implications are briefly discussed.
The Role of Cognitive Dissonance in Social Networks
Authors: Akiba Henrique , Machado Dias Alvaro , Oda Eduardo , Ikeda Ricardo , Oliveira Mauri 
Published: December 2011

AbstractContext: The principles behind the process of creating new, spontaneous sequences out of previously ordered non-declarative stimuli have been scarcely addressed and, for such reason, remain highly unknown.
Objective:
This paper has four interconnected goals:(1) Introduce a new software-based neuropsychological test that can be used as a means to assess key aspects of the way people order and reorder non-declarative stimuli, based upon cognitive dissonance principles; (2) introduce a mathematical approach to the latter in ordering/re-ordering of non-declarative stimuli;(3) assess whether the principles of cognitive dissonance in ordering/re-ordering hold for a cohort of young adults with upper socio-economic level;(4) access the extent to which the same holds for children and adolescents and trace a curve of maturation of cognitive dissonance in ordering/re-ordering. Methods: Our multi-age and multi-language social Network Test implies the two stages, first the subject must order figures of human faces in order of preference, next, the software provides him with different pairs of figures which the subject must fulfill in order to built the intermediate arrays that he believe to interconnect the original pair. Our mathematical model is centered around the relation defined by increases in the distance separating these different pairs of figures in the initial order (distances 1, 5 and 11) and related increases in the mean number of intermediate arrays placed in the re-ordering phase; 105 subjects were tested.

Results:
The tendency to produce reorders that are consonant to the one produced in the initial phase increases with age. This trend inspired us to propose a cognitive dissonance index in spontaneous ordering/reordering of non-declarative stimuli, which may formalize the operation of a previously unknown cognitive dimension of the human mind and may serve as an index of cognitive maturation. To the extent that further studies endorse these perspectives, the tests, formulas, and theoretical principals may support new diagnostic methods and explorations in cognitive science.