bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time course of cerebral hemodynamics in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Wang Hung‐Chen , Lin Wei‐Che , Yang Tzu‐Ming , Chen Wu‐Fu , Lin Yu‐Jun , Tsai Nai‐Wen , Chang Wen‐Neng , Lu Cheng‐Hsien 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackground.Vascular complications are important causes of neurologic sequelae among survivors of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). However, little is known about the time course of cerebral hemodynamics and outcome in patients with and without angiographically confirmed cerebral vasospasm.Methods.Serial transcranial color‐coded sonography (TCCS), angiography, and MRI studies were performed to measure cerebrovascular hemodynamics and assess complications following aneurysmal SAH.Results.Eighteen aneurysmal SAH patients were enrolled. Angiographically confirmed cerebral vasospasm occurred in 14 patients (77.8%), 5 of whom (35.7%) were asymptomatic. The mean blood flow velocity (Vmean) of the middle cerebral artery increased significantly as compared with healthy volunteers from day 1 to day 15, and substantially decreased thereafter. The Vmean of middle cerebral artery was significantly higher in patients with than in patients without angiographically confirmed cerebral vasospasm from day 3 to day 12. Compared to angiography, TCCS detected cerebral vasospasm with 85.7% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% positive predictive value, and 66.7% negative predictive value. MRI‐evidenced cerebral infarctions occurred in nine patients (50%), three of whom (33.3%) were asymptomatic.Conclusions.This study demonstrated that approximately one‐third of acute phase aneurysmal SAH patients have asymptomatic delayed cerebral infarction, which was undetected by TCCS in one‐third of them. This may explain why the accuracy of TCCS to predict clinical symptomatic cerebral vasospasm is suboptimal. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 40:91–98, 2012
A simple, inexpensive system for digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) in biomechanics
Authors: Ryerson William G. , Schwenk Kurt 
Published: November 2011

AbstractFunctional morphology and biomechanics seek to reveal the mechanistic bases of organismal functions and the physical principles involved at the phenotype–environment interface. Characterization of fluid flow (air or water) within and around organismal structures is an example of this approach. Digital particle imaging velocimetry (DPIV) has been exploited in a variety of biological systems to visualize fluid flow associated with animal movement. DPIV employs particles suspended in air or water that are illuminated by a laser light sheet and recorded with a high‐speed video camera. Software tracks particle movement across a specified number of video frames, generating vector diagrams showing patterns of fluid flow through time. As powerful as DPIV methods are, they are limited in application by the high cost and complexity of the equipment required. In this article, we describe a simple DPIV system that substitutes widely available, inexpensive consumer components for scientific‐grade equipment to achieve low cost (<$1,000 total) and high accuracy (total error calculated to be approx. 6%, as compared with 5% in professional systems). We have employed this system successfully in our studies on the fluid dynamics of chemosensory tongue‐flicking in snakes. This system can be used for research and teaching in labs that typically cannot afford the expense or commitment of a traditional DPIV apparatus and is particularly suited for obtaining preliminary data required to justify further grant and institutional support. J. Exp. Zool. 317:127–140, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Toxin assay is more reliable than ICD‐9 data and less time‐consuming than chart review for public reporting of Clostridium difficile hospital case rates
Authors: Welker James A. , Bertumen J.B. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractOBJECTIVE:Clostridium difficile–associated disease (CDAD) is common and has a 6.1% mortality. Governmental agencies have recommended surveillance, but reporting increases health care costs. We sought to identify a reliable method of reporting CDAD that will not significantly increase health care costs.METHODS:Patients were identified via database query for International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 9th Edition (ICD‐9) codes and C. difficile toxin positivity. All identified patients underwent a chart review, which was used to determine the accuracy of the database query methods. Methods of determining whether CDAD was acquired at the reporting institution were studied, and time required to perform each method was measured.RESULTS:The toxin assay reported 96.1% (369/384) of cases and had a positive predictive value of 100%. No difference was found in comparison of the toxin assay case rate of 15.7 per 1000 discharged patients to the rate of 16.3 identified by chart review (P = 0.440; 95% confidence interval [CI], 14.1–17.4), whereas the ICD‐9 method was found to be significantly different by reporting 116.1% (446/384) of cases for a case rate of 19.0 per 1000 discharges (P = 0.001; 95% CI, 17.3–20.8). The time for data extraction via the toxin assay method required only 842 minutes, while the chart review method consumed 21,899 minutes.CONCLUSION:A positive C. difficile toxin assay accurately reports the institutional incidence of disease and is more reliable than ICD‐9 query. This process can be instituted at a fraction of the cost of the standard chart review, and enables governmental agencies to inexpensively add CDAD to their list of reportable diseases. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2011; © 2011 Society of Hospital Medicine.
Direct observation of bed utilization in the pediatric intensive care unit
Authors: Fieldston Evan S. , Li Joan , Terwiesch Christian , Helfaer Mark A. , Verger Judy , Pati Susmita , Surrey David , Patel Kiran , Ebberson Jessica L. , Lin Richard , Metlay Joshua P. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:The pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), with limited number of beds and resource‐intensive services, is a key component of patient flow. Because the PICU is a crossroads for many patients, transfer or discharge delays can negatively impact a patient's clinical status and efficiency.OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to describe, using direct observation, PICU bed utilization.METHODS:We conducted a real‐time, prospective observational study in a convenience sample of days in the PICU of an urban, tertiary‐care children's hospital.RESULTS:Among 824 observed hours, 19,887 bed‐hours were recorded, with 82% being for critical care services and 18% for non–critical care services. Fourteen activities accounted for 95% of bed‐hours. Among 200 hours when the PICU was at full capacity, 75% of the time included at least 1 bed that was used for non–critical care services; 37% of the time at least 2 beds. The mean waiting time for a floor bed assignment was 9 hours (median, 5.5 hours) and accounted for 4.62% of all bed‐hours observed.CONCLUSIONS:The PICU delivered critical care services most of the time, but periods of non–critical care services represented a significant amount of time. In particular, periods with no bed available for new patients were associated with at least 1 or more PICU beds being used for non–critical care activities. The method should be reproducible in other settings to learn more about the structure and processes of care and patient flow and to make improvements. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012; © 2011 Society of Hospital Medicine
A storm surge database for the US Gulf Coast
Authors: Needham Hal F. , Keim Barry D. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractTropical cyclone‐generated storm surges are among the most deadly and costly natural disasters to impact the United States. Unfortunately, no comprehensive storm surge dataset provides reliable, historical storm surge information for the United States. This paper introduces SURGEDAT, the first comprehensive surge database for the US Gulf Coast. SURGEDAT identifies the location and height of peak storm surge for 195 surge events since 1880. A total of 62 sources were utilized to construct this dataset, including 28 Federal Government sources, numerous academic publications, and more than 3000 pages of newspaper from 16 daily periodicals. Surge heights in this database range from Hurricane Katrina's 8.47 m surge to 1.22 m surges generated by 20 separate events. Spatial analysis reveals enhanced surge magnitudes and frequencies along the Central and Western Gulf Coast, as well as the Florida Keys, while reduced levels of surge activity were observed along the eastern Florida Panhandle and the West Coast of Florida. The methods utilized to create this database are thoroughly documented, a table provides the comprehensive list of surges, and a map provides the spatial distribution of peak surge events. SURGEDAT will be valuable to coastal stakeholders, including planners and emergency managers, coastal scientists, and the hurricane and storm surge research communities. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
An assessment of the role of homogenization protocol in the performance of daily temperature series and trends: application to northeastern Spain
Authors: El Kenawy A. , López‐Moreno J. I. , Stepanek P. , Vicente‐Serrano S. M. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThis paper gives the complete details of the protocols applied for developing a spatially and temporarily high‐resolution dataset of temperature for northeastern Spain. Our methodologies used data from a large number of observatories (1583) spanning some portions of the period between 1900 and 2006. The raw dataset was first tested for internal and external consistency to check data quality. To improve data completeness, a linear regression model was then utilized to infill gaps in the daily temperature series using the best correlated data from nearby sites. Discontinuities in the reconstructed series were determined by combining the results of three homogeneity‐relative tests: the Standard Normal Homogeneity Test (SNHT), the Eastrerling and Peterson two‐phased regression method and the Vincent test. To assess the possible impact of data homogenisation on trends and statistical properties of the final series, a set of tests (e.g. semivariance models and L‐moment statistics) was applied to the series before and after correction. Semivariance models suggest a significant improvement in the spatial dependence of the corrected dataset on both seasonal and annual timescales. Also, L‐moments gave no evidence of significant changes in the probability distribution of daily temperature series after correction. Taken together, the newly compiled dataset seems to be more robust and reveals more coherent spatial and temporal patterns of temperature compared with the original dataset. From the temporal and spatial perspectives, the new dataset comprises the most complete register of temperature in northeast Spain (1900–2006), with a reasonably spatial coverage. Accordingly, this database can provide a more reliable base for studying temperature changes and variability in the region. This dataset can also be of particular relevance to a number of meteorological, ecological, hydrological and agricultural applications on local, regional and continental scales. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Variations in the three‐dimensional location and orientation of the ACL in healthy subjects relative to patients after transtibial ACL reconstruction
Authors: Scanlan Sean F. , Lai Janice , Donahue Joseph P. , Andriacchi Thomas P. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractRecent reports have indicated that anatomical placement of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft is an important factor for restoration of joint function following ACL reconstruction. The objective of this study was to address a need for a better understanding of anatomical variations in ACL position and orientation within the joint. Specifically, variations in the ACL anatomy were assessed by testing for side‐to‐side ACL footprint location symmetry in a healthy population relative to the operative and contralateral knee in a patient population after traditional transtibial single‐bundle ACL reconstruction. MRI and three‐dimensional modeling techniques were used to determine the in vivo tibiofemoral ACL footprint centers and the resulting ACL orientations in both knees of 30 healthy subjects and 30 subjects after transtibial ACL reconstruction. While there were substantial inter‐subject variations in ACL anatomy, the side‐to‐side RMS differences in the ACL footprint center were 1.20 and 1.34 mm for the femur and tibia, respectively, for the healthy subjects and no clinically meaningful intra‐subject differences were measured. However, there were large intra‐subject side‐to‐side differences after transtibial ACL reconstruction, with ACL grafts placed 5.63 and 7.64 mm from the center of the contralateral femoral and tibial ACL footprint centers, respectively. Grafts were placed more medial, anterior, and superior on the femur and more posterior on the tibia; producing grafts that were more vertical in the sagittal and coronal planes. Given the large variation among subjects, these findings advocate the use of the contralateral ACL morphology for retrospectively evaluating patient‐specific anatomic graft placement. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:910–918, 2012
Clinical significance of MicoRNA‐155 expression in human breast cancer
Authors: Chen Jian , Wang Bing‐Chan , Tang Jin‐Hai 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study is to investigate clinical significance of miR‐155 expression in breast cancer.MethodsTaqMan real‐time RT‐PCR was performed to detect miR‐155 expression in breast cancer tissues. The correlation of miR‐155 expression with clinicopathological factors and prognosis of breast cancer patients was analyzed. Then, the prognostic value of miR‐155 expression was analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses. Moreover, the effect of miR‐155 expression on phenotypes of breast cancer cell was determined by antisense technology.ResultsThe relative expression of miR‐155 was significantly higher in breast cancer tissues than in corresponding nontumor tissues. High miR‐155 expression was correlated with higher tumor grade, advanced tumor stage and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.012, 0.001, and 0.003, respectively). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis indicated that the disease‐free and overall survival rates of high miR‐155 group were significantly lower than those of low miR‐155 group (P = 0.038 and 0.029, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that high miR‐155 expression was a poor prognostic factor (P = 0.009). Furthermore, antisense targeting miR‐155 could inhibit growth, induce cell arrest in G0/G1 phase, enhance apoptosis, and increase radiosensitivity in breast cancer cells.ConclusionsMiR‐155 expression might be an independent prognostic factor and a therapeutic target for human breast cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:260–266. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Development of a solid phase extraction protocol coupled with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry to analyze central carbon metabolites in lake sediment microcosms
Authors: Yang Song , Synovec Robert E. , Kalyuzhnaya Marina G. , Lidstrom Mary E. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractAn ion exchange solid phase extraction (SPE) strategy is developed for application with liquid chromatography‐tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) for characterization of central carbon metabolites involved in methane assimilation and adjacent pathways in natural mixtures. For this purpose, short‐time microcosm samples were obtained from lake sediment known to consume methane. Three SPE procedures were developed for the recovery of 51 targeted metabolites from five compound classes (amino acids, carboxylic acids, sugar phosphates, nucleotides and acyl‐CoAs). The three SPE procedures employed were mixed mode (i) strong cation exchange, (ii) strong anion exchange and (iii) weak anion exchange. By spiking stable isotopic labeled standards, validation of the SPE procedures for the sediment extracts demonstrated that a 3 cm3, 60 mg SPE sorbent bed provided effective loading capacity for targeted metabolites with an analytical variation of 16% RSD. We readily analyzed 32 of the targeted 51 metabolites using LC‐MS/MS after sediment sample extraction, cleanup and pre‐concentration. The remaining 19 targeted metabolites were either at, or below, the limit of detection. The current approach provides a good workflow for absolute quantification of intermediates in C1‐carbon metabolism in natural microbial communities.
Microspheres Consisting of Optically Active Helical Substituted Polyacetylenes: Preparation via Suspension Polymerization and Their Chiral Recognition/Release Properties
Authors: Chen Bo , Song Ci , Luo Xiaofeng , Deng Jianping , Yang Wantai 
Published: November 2011

AbstractCross‐linked microspheres consisting of optically active helical substituted polyacetylenes are reported. For preparing the microspheres, substituted polyacetylene copolymers with pendent polymerizable CC bonds are first prepared and then used as macromonomers to copolymerize with acrylates via suspension polymerization, providing cross‐linked microspheres. The helical polymer segments render the microspheres with optical activity, whereas the acrylate‐based polymers afford the swelling property. CD and UV‐vis spectra demonstrate the optical activity of the microspheres. The microspheres preferably adsorb (R)‐(+)‐1‐phenylethylamine, (R)‐(+)‐N‐benzyl‐1‐phenylethylamine, and Boc‐D‐alanine, whereas released Boc‐L‐alanine rather more rapidly than its enantiomer.
PPARγ Pro12Ala interacts with fat intake for obesity and weight loss in a behavioural treatment based on the Mediterranean diet
Authors: Garaulet Marta , Smith Caren E , Hernández‐González Teresa , Lee Yu‐Chi , Ordovás Jose M. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractScope: The goal of this study was to examine whether the Pro12Ala polymorphism of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is associated with insulin resistance, obesity and weight loss and to analyze potential interactions between fat intake and PPARγ polymorphism in a Spanish overweight/obese population.Materials and methods: We recruited 1465 subjects enrolled in a behavioural treatment program for obesity based on a Mediterranean diet, which included the following: dietary treatment, physical activity, nutritional education and behavioral techniques. A significant association was found between PPARγ2 Pro12Ala genotype and plasma insulin concentration and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance. Subjects with the Ala12 genotype had lower insulin levels than those with the Pro12Pro genotype. We detected a gene–diet interaction between the PPARγ Pro12Ala polymorphism and MUFA for BMI and body fat. Furthermore, we detected an interaction between the PPARγ Pro12Ala polymorphism and fat intake for total weight loss (p<0.001). When total fat intake was high, Ala12‐carriers exhibited a significantly lower percentage of total weight loss than major‐allele‐carriers (p=0.037).Conclusion: Data are consistent with previous results showing a protective role for the Ala12 allele against insulin resistance, and replicate an earlier study that detected an interaction between dietary MUFA and PPARγ2 for BMI. Our detection of a gene–diet interaction between PPARγ Pro12Ala and fat intake for weight loss may explain previous discrepancies among different studies.
Developing an algorithm for reconstruction blocky systems in discontinuous media: three‐dimensional analysis
Authors: Jafari A. , Khishvand M. , Rahami H. 
Published: November 2011

SUMMARYBlock detection is one of the important steps in all discontinuous methods of analysis such as discontinuous deformation analysis and discrete element method. It is in fact a pre‐processing step for these methods. This paper describes a new approach to the problem of geometrically defining polyhedral rock blocks created by the intersection of planar discontinuities in a rock mass. An approach is developed based on the concept of using matrices with integer elements that mostly represent vertices, edges, or face numbers and their connections. Using square matrices with integer elements and performing edge/face regularization reduce the size of the matrices because of elimination of unnecessary faces, edges, and vertices; speed and accuracy of block tracing operation will be increased. This algorithm is able to trace and identify all kinds of blocks including convex and concave blocks formed by limited or unlimited fractures. The simplicity of the procedure makes it very attractive. The algorithm was programmed in C#.Net by over 8100 code lines; several examples are presented to show application of the algorithm in different situations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predictors of post‐release research retention and subsequent reenrollment for women recruited while incarcerated
Authors: Goshin Lorie S. , Byrne Mary W. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractCorrectional facilities are prime targets for nursing interventions to decrease health disparities, but challenges to post‐release follow‐up limit use of the longitudinal research designs needed to fully examine intervention effects. Using an adapted version of the Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations, we determined predictors of 1‐year post‐release study retention and subsequent reenrollment an average of 3 years later in 88 mother and child dyads recruited from a state prison nursery. Predisposing characteristics and enabling factors emerged as strong predictors of loss to follow‐up. Female research participants can be successfully retained years after release from a correctional facility. Understanding the barriers and facilitators to post‐release follow‐up supports the creation of theoretically informed strategies to retain formerly incarcerated populations. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 35:94–104, 2012