bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxidative stress and redox state-regulating enzymes have prognostic relevance in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Peroja Pekka , Pasanen Anna Kaisa , Haapasaari Kirsi-Maria , Jantunen Esa , Soini Ylermi , Turpeenniemi-Hujanen Taina , Bloigu Risto , Lilja Laura , Kuittinen Outi , Karihtala Peeter 
Published: March 2012

Abstract

Background
Oxidative stress and redox-regulating enzymes may have roles both in lymphomagenesis and resistance to lymphoma therapy. Previous studies from the pre-rituximab era suggest that antioxidant enzyme expression is related to prognosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), although these results cannot be extrapolated to patient populations undergoing modern treatment modalities. In this study we assessed expression of the oxidative stress markers 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and nitrotyrosine and the antioxidant enzymes thioredoxin (Trx), manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL) via immunohistochemistry in 106 patients with DLBCL. All patients were treated with CHOP-like therapy combined with rituximab. Immunostaining results were correlated with progression-free survival, disease-specific survival and traditional prognostic factors of DLBCL.

Results
Strong 8-OHdG immunostaining intensity was associated with extranodal involvement (p = 0.00002), a high International Prognostic Index (p = 0.002) and strong Trx (p = 0.011) and GCL (p = 0.0003) expression. Strong Trx staining intensity was associated with poor progression-free survival (p = 0.046) and poor disease-specific survival (p = 0.015). Strong GCL immunostaining intensity predicted poor progression-free survival (p = 0.049). Patients with either strong Trx or strong nitrotyrosine expression showed significantly poorer progression-free survival (p = 0.003) and disease-specific survival (p = 0.031) compared with the other patients.

Conclusions
The redox state-regulating enzymes GCL and Trx are promising markers in the evaluation of DLBCL prognosis in the era of modern immunochemotherapy.
Facile Fabrication of CuS Concaved Polyhedral Superstructures
Authors: He Weiwei , Jia Huimin , Zhao Hongxiao , Lei Yan , Zheng Zhi 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
CuS concaved polyhedral superstructures have been successfully prepared by a simple solvothermal reaction without using any additional surfactants and template. CuS superstructures composed of single crystalline CuS nanoplates were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and UV–vis spectroscopy. A possible formation mechanism of CuS superstructures is discussed.
Benzenedithiolate-bridged Rh2W and RhW Cluster Complexes: Synthesis, Properties, and Formation Mechanism
Authors: Tsukada Satoru , Sakamoto Ryota , Nishihara Hiroshi 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
[{Cp*Rh(S2C6H4)}2W(CO)2] (Cp*: η5-C5Me5) (1) and [{Cp*Rh(S2C6H4)}(S2C6H4)W(CO)2] (2) were synthesized by the reaction of rhodadithiolene [Cp*Rh(S2C6H4)] with [W(CO)3(py)3], and their crystal structures and physical properties were investigated. The formation mechanism of 2 from 1 was pursued by 1H NMR spectroscopy. 1 reacted with an excess amount of BF3·Et2O to furnish 2, indicating that a Lewis acid assisted the demetalation reaction.
Structural Change of Pheophorbide a Methyl Ester by Contact with Titanium Oxide Particles
Authors: Saga Yoshitaka , Otono Tae 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Pheophorbide a methyl ester, which was derived from natural chlorophyll a, was converted to purpurin-18 methyl ester by contact with titanium oxide particles in the presence of oxygen under mild conditions in the dark.
Novel Phenylene–Thiophene Oligomer Derivatives with Dibenzothiophene 5,5-Dioxide Core: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications in Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Duan Zongfan , Huang Xianqiang , Fujii Shunjiro , Kataura Hiromichi , Nishioka Yasushiro 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Donor–acceptor–donor oligomers with dibenzothiophene 5,5-dioxide core and end-cap phenylene–thiophene substitutes were newly synthesized. New oligomers were characterized by UV–vis absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and applied as electron donor in bulk-heterojunction solar cells. The results indicate that phenylene–thiophene oligomer derivatives containing dibenzothiophene 5,5-dioxide moiety are appraised to be valuable electron donors.
Vibrational Transition Frequency Fluctuation of the NO Stretching Mode of Sodium Nitroprusside in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Tayama Jumpei , Ohta Kaoru , Tominaga Keisuke 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Frequency fluctuation of the NO stretching mode of the sodium nitroprusside, [Fe(CN)5NO]2−, in H2O and D2O was studied by three-pulse infrared photon echo spectroscopy. It is found that the time-correlation function of the frequency fluctuation of this mode is characterized by time constants similar to those of the triply degenerate T1u mode of the CN stretching of [Fe(CN)6]4−, showing that the vibrational frequency fluctuation is not dominated by the time-dependent anisotropic solute–solvent interaction.
One-pot Synthesis of Phenols by Hydroxylation of Aromatics with Hydroxylamine
Authors: Zhang Dongsheng , Gao Liya , Xue Wei , Zhao Xinqiang , Wang Shufang , Wang Yanji 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
In this study, a new approach for one-pot synthesis of phenols is presented, i.e., benzene, ethylbenzene, and xylene were hydroxylated with hydroxylamine to give the corresponding phenols in good yield using molybdenum as a key catalyst.
Two New Norursane-type Triterpenoids from Dipsacus chinensis Collected in China
Authors: Saito Yoshinori , Takashima Yuriko , Okamoto Yasuko , Komiyama Teppei , Ohsaki Ayumi , Gong Xun , Tori Motoo 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Two new norursane-type triterpenoids were isolated from Dipsacus chinensis (Dipsacaceae) collected in China. The structures were determined based on the spectroscopic data to have enol forms of ene-dione and dione structures in ring A, respectively.
XRD and HRTEM Evidence for Fixation of Cesium Ions in Vermiculite Clay
Authors: Kogure Toshihiro , Morimoto Kazuya , Tamura Kenji , Sato Hisako , Yamagishi Akihiko 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy showed that cesium ions (Cs+’s) in a vermiculite clay formed a segregated monoionic layer in the interlayer spaces. Each ion was fixed simultaneously at the centers of hexagonal rings in the upper and lower silicate tetrahedral sheets. No Cs+ was eluted even when Cs+–vermiculite was kept at 80 °C for 48 h in the presence of a large excess of Al(NO3)3 or [Co(NH3)6]Cl3.
The Crystal to Plastic Crystal Phase Transition of Tetraethylammonium Difluorophosphate and Tetrafluoroborate
Authors: Matsumoto Kazuhiko , Okawa Takeshi , Hagiwara Rika 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Ion configuration in the crystal structure of tetraethylammonium difluorophosphate ([TEA][PO2F2]) is highly related to that in tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate ([TEA][BF4]). Both [TEA][PO2F2] and [TEA][BF4] exhibit a crystal–plastic crystal phase transition above room temperature (323 and 340 K, respectively), and the plastic crystal phase has a NaCl-type structure. The TEA+ cation in both the salts adopts a trans–gauche conformer in the crystal structure, whereas the trans–trans conformer is dominant in the plastic crystal structure.
Clinical Measurement of von Willebrand Factor by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy
Authors: Torres Richard , Genzen Jonathan R , Levene Michael J 
Published: March 2012

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Identification of von Willebrand factor (vWF) abnormalities in a variety of conditions is hampered by the limitations of currently available diagnostic tests. Although direct multimer visualization by immunoelectrophoresis is a commonly used method, it is impractical as a routine clinical test. In this study, we used a biophysical analysis tool, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), to measure vWF distributions. The goals were to develop a method that is quicker and simpler than vWF gel electrophoresis and to evaluate the potential of FCS as a clinical diagnostic technique.

METHODS
We analyzed plasma from 12 patients with type 1 von Willebrand disease (vWD), 14 patients with type 2 vWD, and 10 healthy controls using a fluctuation-based immunoassay approach.

RESULTS
FCS enabled identification and proper classification of type 1 and type 2 vWD, producing quantitative results that correspond to qualitative gel multimer patterns. FCS required minimal sample preparation and only a 5-min analysis time.

CONCLUSIONS
This study represents the first implementation of FCS for clinical diagnostics directly on human plasma. The technique shows potential for further vWF studies and as a generally applicable laboratory test method.
Unsicherheit bei der Datenfusion dimensioneller Messungen
Authors: Galovska Maryna , Petz Marcus , Tutsch Rainer 
Published: March 2012

Zusammenfassung
Bei der Auswertung von Messdaten wird eine detaillierte Analyse der Messunsicherheit gefordert. Werden dimensionelle Daten mehrerer Sensoren fusioniert, so umfasst dieser Prozess üblicherweise Transformationen und Ausgleichsrechnungen. Die daraus resultierende Messunsicherheit ist häufig nicht direkt bestimmbar, kann aber mittels Monte-Carlo-Methoden abgeschätzt werden. Das grundlegende Normungsdokument dafür ist GUM Supplement 2. Anhand mehrerer Simulationsrechnungen zur Datenfusion für die Formmessung zylinderischer Werkstücke werden Effekte aufgezeigt, welche die resultierende Unsicherheit entweder erhöhen oder verringern können.
Practical Considerations for Medical Applications using Biological Grafts and their Derivatives
Authors: Mukherjee Shayanti , Jayarama Reddy Venugopal , Ravichandran Rajeswari , Mathapati Santosh , Guhathakurta Soma , Raghunath Michael , Ramakrishna Seeram 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe art and science of using biological tissue grafts from animal and human sources for various ailments is nascent. Various research groups around the world are actively investigating the potential prostheses of biological origin. Biological tissue grafts are rendered acellular through various methods of processing and fabrication before they are used for the specific purpose. The remainder is a scaffold that offers framework for host cellular repopulation and revascularization. Different methods of fixation have been explored over several decades to render the biological grafts suitable for use with or without extraction of cells. Therefore, methods such as glutaraldehyde and polyepoxide crosslinking treatments and dye-mediated photooxidation have been developed to stabilize and deantigenize the tissue while attempting to maintain its natural mechanical properties. Also, residual cellular components in a bioprosthetic material have been associated with undesired effects, such as calcification and immunological recognition, and thus have been the motivation for various decellularization processes. The effects of these stabilization and decellularization treatments on mechanical, biological and chemical properties of treated tissues have been investigated, specifically with regard to calcification, immunogenicity, and cytotoxicity concerns. Naturally derived biological scaffolds offer many mechanical, chemical and biological advantages over synthetic materials, and thus hold tremendous potential for use in tissue engineering therapies. Therefore the rationale of using biological grafts in usable forms is gaining importance in order to avoid unwanted chronic inflammatory reactions. This review article discusses the need for such bioprosthetics and the potential role for natural tissues in various applications.
Two sides of the same coin? Rare and pest plants native to the United States and Canada
Authors: Schmidt John Paul , Stephens Patrick R. , Drake John M. 
Published: March 2012

Plant biodiversity is at risk, with as many as 10% of native species in the United States being threatened with extinction. Habitat loss has led a growing number of plant species to become rare or threatened, while the introduction or expansion of pest species has led some habitats to be dominated by relatively few, mostly nonindigenous, species. As humans continue to alter many landscapes and vegetation types, understanding how biological traits determine the location of species along a spectrum from vulnerability to pest status is critical to designing risk assessment protocols, setting conservation priorities, and developing monitoring programs.We used boosted regression trees to predict rarity (based on The Nature Conservancy global rankings) and pest status (defined as legal pest status) from data on traits for the native vascular flora of the United States and Canada including Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands (n ≈ 15 000). Categories were moderately to highly predictable (AUCpest = 0.87 on 25% holdout test set, AUCrarity = 0.80 on 25% holdout test set). Key predictors were chromosome number, ploidy, seed mass, and a suite of traits suggestive of specialist vs. generalist adaptations (e.g., facultative wetland habitat association and phenotypic variability in growth form and life history). Specifically, pests were associated with high chromosome numbers, polyploidy, and seed masses ranging from 0.1 to 100 mg, whereas rare species were associated with low chromosome numbers, low ploidy, and large (>1000 mg) seed masses. In addition, pest species were disproportionately likely to be facultatively associated with wetlands, and variable in growth form and life history, whereas rare species exhibited an opposite pattern. These results suggest that rare and pest species contrast along trait axes related to dispersal and performance in disturbed or novel habitats.
Vague Auditing Standards and Ambiguity Aversion
Authors: Bigus Jochen 
Published: March 2012

SUMMARY
I model unilateral auditor liability under the assumption that the auditor has an aversion to uncertainty about probability (ambiguity aversion). A vaguely defined negligence standard implies an ambiguity situation.
There are two characteristics of ambiguity aversion: pessimism and likelihood insensitivity. The former improves the auditor's overall incentives to avoid the worst outcome possible (certainty effect). The latter impairs the auditor's marginal incentives because taking additional care is perceived to be partly futile (futility effect). The futility effect prevails with low damage payments; the certainty effect is dominant with high damage payments. Even with low incentives to sue, an ambiguity-averse auditor exerts excessive care when damage payments are sufficiently large.
With strict liability, there is no ambiguity situation and, hence, there are no distortions from ambiguity aversion. Ambiguity aversion affects auditor care in a different way to loss aversion or risk aversion because there is no futility effect with the latter.
JEL Classifications: M42; K13; D81.
Multi-centre calibration of an adaptive thresholding method for PET-based delineation of tumour volumes in radiotherapy planning of lung cancer
Authors: Nestle U. , Kremp S. , Hellwig D. , Grgic A. , Buchholz H. G. , Mischke W. , Gromoll C. , Dennert P. , Plotkin M. , Senftleben S. , Thorwarth D. , Tosch M. , Wahl A. , Wengenmair H. , Rübe C. , Kirsch C.-M. , Schaefer A. 
Published: March 2012

SummaryPurpose: To evaluate the calibration of an adaptive thresholding algorithm (contrastoriented algorithm) for FDG PET-based delineation of tumour volumes in eleven centres with respect to scanner types and image data processing by phantom measurements. Methods: A cylindrical phantom with spheres of different diameters was filled with FDG realizing different signal-to-background ratios and scanned using 5 Siemens Biograph PET/CT scanners, 5 Philips Gemini PET/CT scanners, and one Siemens ECAT-ART PET scanner. All scans were analysed by the contrast-oriented algorithm implemented in two different software packages. For each site, the threshold SUVs of all spheres best matching the known sphere volumes were determined. Calibration parameters a and b were calculated for each combination of scanner and image-analysis software package. In addition, “scanner-typespecific” calibration curves were determined from all values obtained for each combination of scanner type and software package. Both kinds of calibration curves were used for volume delineation of the spheres. Results: Only minor differences in calibration parameters were observed for scanners of the same type (Δa ≤ 4%, Δb ≤ 14%) provided that identical imaging protocols were used whereas significant differences were found comparing calibration parameters of the ART scanner with those of scanners of different type (Δa ≤ 60%, Δb ≤ 54%). After calibration, for all scanners investigated the calculated SUV thresholds for auto-contouring did not differ significantly (all p > 0.58). The resulting sphere volumes deviated by less than –7% to +8% from the true values. Conclusion: After multi-centre calibration the use of the contrast-oriented algorithm for FDG PET-based delineation of tumour volumes in the different centres using different scanner types and specific imaging protocols is feasible.
Arthroscopy of the fetlock joint of the dromedary camel
Authors: Abd-Elnaeim M. , Ali M. M. 
Published: March 2012

SummaryObjectives: To describe a technique for arthroscopy of the fetlock joint of the dromedary camel, and the problems that could occur during and after arthroscopy.Methods: Seven animals (4 cadaveric limbs and 3 living camels) were used in this study. Two dorsal arthroscopic portals (lateral and medial) and one palmaro-lateral portal were used. Distension of the joint capsule was effected by injecting Ringer's lactate solution into the joint cavity. Landmarks for the dorsal arthroscopic portals were located at the centre of the groove bounded by the lateral branch of the suspensory ligament and the large metacarpus at a point 1 cm proximal to the joint. The palmaro-lateral portal was located in a triangular area between the branch of the suspensory ligament, the large metacarpus, and the sesamoid bone, with insertion of the arthroscope in a 45° joint flexion angle.Results: Arthroscopy of the fetlock joint via the dorso-lateral portal allowed examination of the distal end of the large metacarpus and the proximal end of the first phalanx of the fourth digit. Arthroscopy via a dorso-medial approach allowed examination of the distal end of the large metacarpus and the proximal end of the first phalanx and the distal end of the third digit. The palmaro-lateral portal allowed examination of the sesamoid bones, the synovial membrane, and the synovial villi. The main complications recorded during arthroscopy were iatrogenic articular surface injury as well as obstruction of vision with the synovial villi.Clinical significance: This is the first work to describe the normal arthroscopy of the fetlock joint in the dromedary camel, the arthroscopic portals, and the complications that could occur during and after arthroscopy. Further studies are required for diagnosis of pathological changes in the fetlock joint of the dromedary camel and for arthroscopy of other joints in the dromedary camel.
Older Adults' Experiences of Occupational Therapy Predischarge Home Visits: A Systematic Thematic Synthesis of Qualitative Research
Authors: Atwal Anita , Spiliotopoulou Georgia , Plastow Nicola , McIntyre Anne , McKay Elizabeth A 
Published: March 2012

Background: Occupational therapists in many countries routinely perform predischarge home visits. Although there have been repeated calls to ascertain whether predischarge home visits are clinically and cost effective, there has been a tendency to neglect users' perceptions and experiences of this intervention. Objective: The objective was to conduct a systematic thematic synthesis of older adults' perceptions and experiences of predischarge home visits. Method: The search strategy was an electronic database search. Conference proceedings were hand searched and universities and occupational therapy professional bodies within Europe, Australia and North America were contacted. Results: Forty-four studies were initially identified, of which 13 studies (7 published, 6 unpublished) were selected for detailed screening. Only three qualitative studies met the inclusion criteria and, from this synthesis, two main themes emerged from the data. The first theme was older adults' perceptions of home visits and the second theme was acceptance of occupational therapy. Conclusion: Only a limited body of research has been conducted. This is surprising given the number of predischarge home visits that are performed. This thematic synthesis of qualitative research has highlighted that insufficient attention has been paid to older adults' perceptions of predischarge home visits.
The Personalisation of Adult Social Care: Occupational Therapists' Perceptions
Authors: London-Willis Jacqueline , Couldrick Lorna , Lovelock Linda 
Published: March 2012

Purpose: The personalisation of adult social care, as confirmed in Putting People First (Department of Health 2007), will see a fundamental change in social care services, including occupational therapy. This study aimed to capture occupational therapists' perceptions of personalisation. Procedure: A qualitative study involving interviews with six practising occupational therapists was undertaken. The interviews were transcribed and the data studied for emerging themes, using thematic analysis to code and analyse the data. Findings: Four main themes were identified: similarities to occupational therapy; a lack of understanding of occupational therapy; threats and concerns; and opportunities and action needed. All participants felt that they understood the components of personalisation and identified similarities to occupational therapy. All were able to highlight opportunities and actions for occupational therapists with regard to personalisation. However, all raised concerns about the future role of the occupational therapist and highlighted a general lack of understanding of occupational therapy. Conclusion: Occupational therapists consider themselves to be well placed to support the implementation of personalisation. They feel that it is the right direction for adult social care, and that its goals are in parallel with those of occupational therapy. However, there are concerns that the possible contribution of occupational therapists could be overlooked.