bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total magnesium intake and risk of frailty in older women
Authors: Struijk Ellen A. , Fung Teresa T. , Bischoff‐Ferrari Heike A. , Willett Walter C. , Lopez‐Garcia Esther 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundAn adequate magnesium intake might lower the risk of frailty through its role in muscle function.MethodsWe analysed data from 81 524 women aged ≥60 years participating in the Nurses' Health Study. Total magnesium intake was obtained from repeated food frequency questionnaires administered between 1984 and 2010 and self‐reported information on supplementation. Frailty was defined as having at least three of the following five FRAIL scale criteria: fatigue, low strength, reduced aerobic capacity, having ≥5 chronic illnesses and weight loss ≥ 5%. The occurrence of frailty was assessed every 4 years from 1992 to 2018. Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for lifestyle factors, medication use and dietary factors were used to assess the association between magnesium intake and frailty.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up of 16 years, we identified 15 477 incident cases of frailty. Women with a higher intake of total energy‐adjusted magnesium had a decreased risk of frailty after adjustment for lifestyle factors, medication use and dietary factors. The relative risk (95% confidence interval) for Quintile 5 (Q5) versus Quintile 1 (Q1) was 0.88 (0.82, 0.94) (P‐trend < 0.001). When only energy‐adjusted magnesium from the diet was considered, the inverse association was stronger (Q5 vs. Q1: 0.68 [0.56, 0.82]; P‐trend < 0.001). Those reaching the recommended daily allowance (RDA) of magnesium through diet had a 14% (9%, 19%) lower risk of frailty compared with those not meeting the RDA.ConclusionsIncreased intake of foods rich in magnesium was associated with a decreased risk of frailty.
Investigate the biological activities of Lawsonia inermis extract synthesized from TiO2 doped graphene oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Kaviyarasu K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNanoparticles of titanium dioxide (TiO2) were made by reacting graphene oxide (GO) with Lawsonia inermis leaf extract. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed crystalline TiO2 doped GO nanoparticles composed of a variety of anatase phases. Initially, UV–vis spectroscopy was performed to confirm the biogenesis of TiO2 doped GO nanoparticles (NP's). Using SEM, the research showed that the biosynthesized TiO2 nanoparticles were mostly spherical, polydispersed, and of a nanoscale size. Because of the energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) pattern, distinct and robust peaks of titanium (Ti) and oxygen (O) were observed, which were supportive of the formation of TiO2 nanoparticles. By using fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, it was demonstrated that terpenoids, flavonoids, and proteins are involved in the biosynthesis and production of TiO2 doped GO nanoparticles. 2,2‐diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays were conducted to evaluate the free radical scavenging activity of TiO2 doped GO nanoparticles. Additionally, the TiO2 doped GO NPs had enhanced antioxidant activity when compared with the TiO2 matrix. A series of pure TiO2 and TiO2 doped GO nanoparticles (5, 10, 50, and 100 mg/mL) solutions were investigated for their antibacterial activities. In the current study, zebrafish embryos exposed to pure TiO2 and TiO2 doped GO nanoparticles were toxic and suffered a low survival rate based on concentration. During photocatalysis, O2˙ and ˙OH radicals are rapidly produced because of the reactive species trapping experiment. It was estimated that pure TiO2 nanoparticles and those doped with GO were 80% effective in degrading methyl orange(MO) after 120 min, respectively.Research Highlights
The UV–vis absorption spectra showed a maximum absorbance peak at 290 nm.
SEM, the pure TiO2 doped GO NPs exhibit agglomeration and spherical shape.
When tested in zebrafish embryos, TiO2 NPs are toxic at high concentrations.
GO nanoparticles showed better antioxidant activity.
NPs exhibited concentration dependent antioxidative activity.
Cassia alata's dual role in modulating MUC2 expression in Eimeria papillata‐infected jejunum and assessing its anti‐inflammatory effects
Authors: Elshershaby Rabab E. , Dkhil Mohamed A. , Dar Yasser , Abdel‐Gaber Rewaida , Delic Denis , Helal Ibrahim B. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCoccidiosis poses significant hazards to animals, particularly in terms of compromised health, reduced productivity, and economic losses in livestock farming. The conventional treatments for coccidiosis often involve synthetic drugs, contributing to concerns about drug resistance and environmental impact. The pressing need for eco‐friendly alternatives is highlighted in this study, emphasizing the importance of exploring medicinal plants like Cassia alata leaf extracts (CAE) against Eimeria papillata‐induced infection in mice. The CAE exhibited significant phenolic (2.17 ± 0.03 g/100 g) and flavonoid (0.14 ± 0.01 g/100 g) content and demonstrated notable antioxidant activity. In infected mice, the CAE treatment led to a substantial reduction in oocyst output (~6 fold), ameliorating necrotic enteritis and inflammatory changes in the jejunum. Additionally, CAE treatment increased goblet cell numbers (9.3 ± 0.1 / villus) and decreased macrophage infiltration in the intestinal villi. Molecular analyses revealed CAE's positive modulation of MUC2 gene and notably reduced the levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines (specifically IL‐1β, IL‐10, and IFN‐γ) when contrasted with the infected cohort. Furthermore, CAE treatment significantly reduced nitric oxide levels (44.03 ± 2.4 μmol/mg), showcasing its anti‐inflammatory properties. The findings of this study not only contribute to the understanding of CAE's therapeutic potential but also underscore the importance of seeking eco‐friendly alternatives in the face of coccidiosis challenges, addressing both the well‐being of animals and the sustainability of agricultural practices.Research Highlights
Cassia alata extract (CAE) exhibited significant phenolic and flavonoid content, displaying notable antioxidant activity.
In infected mice, CAE treatment led to a substantial reduction in oocyst output, ameliorating necrotic enteritis and inflammatory changes in the jejunum.
CAE treatment increased goblet cell numbers and decreased macrophage infiltration in the intestinal villi, while molecular analyses revealed its positive modulation of the MUC2 gene and notable reduction in pro‐inflammatory cytokine levels.
Additionally, CAE treatment significantly reduced nitric oxide levels, showcasing its anti‐inflammatory properties.
Proteomic profiling of mesenchymal stem cell‐derived extracellular vesicles: Impact of isolation methods on protein cargo
Authors: Abyadeh Morteza , Mirshahvaladi Shahab , Kashani Sara Assar , Paulo Joao A. , Amirkhani Ardeshir , Mehryab Fatemeh , Seydi Homeyra , Moradpour Niloufar , Jodeiryjabarzade Sheyda , Mirzaei Mehdi , Gupta Vivek , Shekari Faezeh , Salekdeh Ghasem Hosseini 
Published: June 2024

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized vesicles with a lipid bilayer that are secreted by cells and play a critical role in cell‐to‐cell communication. Despite the promising reports regarding their diagnostic and therapeutic potential, the utilization of EVs in the clinical setting is limited due to insufficient information about their cargo and a lack of standardization in isolation and analysis methods. Considering protein cargos in EVs as key contributors to their therapeutic potency, we conducted a tandem mass tag (TMT) quantitative proteomics analysis of three subpopulations of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)‐derived EVs obtained through three different isolation techniques: ultracentrifugation (UC), high‐speed centrifugation (HS), and ultracentrifugation on sucrose cushion (SU). Subsequently, we checked EV marker expression, size distribution, and morphological characterization, followed by bioinformatic analysis. The bioinformatic analysis of the proteome results revealed that these subpopulations exhibit distinct molecular and functional characteristics. The choice of isolation method impacts the proteome of isolated EVs by isolating different subpopulations of EVs. Specifically, EVs isolated through the high‐speed centrifugation (HS) method exhibited a higher abundance of ribosomal and mitochondrial proteins. Functional apoptosis assays comparing isolated mitochondria with EVs isolated through different methods revealed that HS‐EVs, but not other EVs, induced early apoptosis in cancer cells. On the other hand, EVs isolated using the sucrose cushion (SU) and ultracentrifugation (UC) methods demonstrated a higher abundance of proteins primarily involved in the immune response, cell‐cell interactions and extracellular matrix interactions. Our analyses unveil notable disparities in proteins and associated biological functions among EV subpopulations, underscoring the importance of meticulously selecting isolation methods and resultant EV subpopulations based on the intended application.
A microfluidic chip for immobilization and imaging of Ciona intestinalis larvae
Authors: Poncelet Guillaume , Parolini Lucia , Shimeld Sebastian M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSea squirts (Tunicata) are chordates and develop a swimming larva with a small and defined number of individually identifiable cells. This offers the prospect of connecting specific stimuli to behavioral output and characterizing the neural activity that links these together. Here, we describe the development of a microfluidic chip that allows live larvae of the sea squirt Ciona intestinalis to be immobilized and recorded. By generating transgenic larvae expressing GCaAMP6m in defined cells, we show that calcium ion levels can be recorded from immobilized larvae, while microfluidic control allows larvae to be exposed to specific waterborne stimuli. We trial this on sea water carrying increased levels of carbon dioxide, providing evidence that larvae can sense this gas.
Improved Radiosynthesis and Automation of [11C]2‐(2,6‐Difluoro‐4‐((2‐(N‐methylphenylsulfonamido)ethyl)thio)phenoxy)acetamide ([11C]K2) for Positron Emission Tomography of the Glutamate α‐Amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazole Propionic Acid (AMPA) Receptor
Authors: Witek Jason A. , Horikawa Mami , Henderson Bradford D. , Brooks Allen F. , Scott Peter J. H. , Shao Xia 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTA new automated radiosynthesis of [11C]2‐(2,6‐difluoro‐4‐((2‐(N‐methylphenylsulfonamido)ethyl)thio)phenoxy)acetamide ([11C]K2), a radiopharmaceutical for the glutamate α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptor, is reported. Although manual syntheses have been described, these are unsuitable for routine production of larger batches of [11C]K2 for (pre)clinical PET imaging applications. To meet demands for the imaging agent from our functional neuroimaging collaborators, herein, we report a current good manufacturing practice (cGMP)‐compliant synthesis of [11C]K2 using a commercial synthesis module. The new synthesis is fully automated and has been validated for clinical use. The total synthesis time is 33 min from end of bombardment, and the production method provides 2.66 ± 0.3 GBq (71.9 ± 8.6 mCi) of [11C]K2 in 97.7 ± 0.5% radiochemical purity and 754.1 ± 231.5 TBq/mmol (20,382.7 ± 6256.1 Ci/mmol) molar activity (n = 3). Batches passed all requisite quality control testing confirming suitability for clinical use.
Wedged hepatic vein portovenography for assessment of Rex vein patency in children with extrahepatic portal venous obstruction
Authors: Kaur Prabhsaran , Khanna Rajeev , Sood Vikrant , Lal Bikrant Bihari , Mukund Amar , Kilambi Ragini , Alam Seema 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundMeso‐Rex bypass is the surgical intervention of choice for children with extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO). Patency of Rex vein, umbilical recessus of the portal vein, is a prerequisite for this surgery. Conventional diagnostic modalities poorly detect patency, while transjugular wedged hepatic vein portography (WHVP) accurately detects patency in 90%.ObjectivesWe aimed to assess Rex vein patency and portal vein branching pattern in children with EHPVO using transjugular WHVP and to identify factors associated with Rex vein patency.MethodsTransjugular WHVP was performed in 31 children with EHPVO by selective cannulation of left and right hepatic veins. Rex vein patency, type of intrahepatic portal venous anatomy (Types A–E), and factors associated with patency of Rex vein were studied.ResultsThe patency of Rex recess on transjugular WHVP was 29%. Complete obliteration of intrahepatic portal venous radicles was the commonest pattern (Type E, 38.7%) while Type A, the favorable anatomy for meso‐Rex bypass, was seen in only 12.9%. Patency of the Rex vein, but not the anatomical pattern, was associated with younger age at evaluation (patent Rex: 6.6 ± 4.9 years vs. nonpatent Rex: 12.7 ± 3.9 years, p = 0.001). Under‐5‐year children had a 12 times greater chance of having a patent Rex vein (odds ratio: 12.22, 95% confidence interval: 1.65–90.40, p = 0.004). Patency or pattern was unrelated to local factors like umbilical vein catheterization, systemic thrombophilia, or disease severity.ConclusionLess than one‐third of our pediatric EHPVO patients have a patent Rex vein. Younger age at evaluation is significantly associated with Rex vein patency.
Efficacy of volatile organic compounds by Aureobasidium pullulans immobilized on hydrogel spheres against strawberry fungal pathogens
Authors: Tulukoglu‐Kunt Keziban Sinem , Moret Erica , Khomutovska Nataliia , Stenberg Johan , Di Francesco Alessandra 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe present study explores the use of two different growth supports for the biocontrol yeasts Aureobasidium pullulans M13, C10, R34 and P17, by use of nutrient yeast glucose (NYDA) agar and hydrogel spheres as the support matrix, then evaluates their impact on the production of volatile compounds (VOCs) and the subsequent in vitro and in vivo antagonistic activity against Botrytis cinerea and Colletotrichum acutatum.RESULTSFor the in vitro assay, VOCs secreted by the isolates C10 and M13 encased in the hydrogel spheres showed greater inhibitory activity on the mycelial growth of B. cinerea (70.30%) and C. acutatum (52.35%), respectively, with respect to NYDA. For solid‐phase microextraction‐gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry, VOCs produced by the selected yeasts immobilized in the hydrogel spheres or cultured in the agar were identified. VOCs were grouped as alcohols, ketones, alkane and aldehyde, with phenylethyl alcohol and 1‐propanol‐2‐methyl being the most prominently produced. The analysis revealed variations in both quantity and composition of VOCs among the growth supports, indicating the hydrogel spheres as enhancer distinct metabolic pathways and substrate utilization of the isolates, particularly in the M13 isolate.CONCLUSIONThe antifungal activity of the VOCs produced in the hydrogel spheres by the isolates C10 and M13 was assessed on strawberries, demonstrating a significant reduction in disease incidences. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
MRI‐ARSACS: An Imaging Index for Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix‐Saguenay (ARSACS) Identification Based on the Multicenter PROSPAX Study
Authors: Scaravilli Alessandra , Negroni Davide , Senatore Claudio , Ugga Lorenzo , Cosottini Mirco , Ricca Ivana , Bender Benjamin , Traschütz Andreas , Başak Ayşe Nazli , Vural Atay , van de Warrenburg Bart P. , Durr Alexandra , La Piana Roberta , Timmann Dagmar ,   PROSPAX Consortium, Schüle Rebecca , Synofzik Matthis , Santorelli Filippo Maria , Cocozza Sirio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundAutosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix‐Saguenay (ARSACS) and hereditary spastic paraplegia type 7 (SPG7) represent the most common genotypes of spastic ataxia (SPAX). To date, their magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features have only been described qualitatively, and a pure neuroradiological differential diagnosis between these two conditions is difficult to achieve.ObjectivesTo test the performance of MRI measures to discriminate between ARSACS and SPG7 (as an index of common SPAX disease).MethodsIn this prospective multicenter study, 3D‐T1‐weighted images of 59 ARSACS (35.4 ± 10.3 years, M/F = 33/26) and 78 SPG7 (54.8 ± 10.3 years, M/F = 51/27) patients of the PROSPAX Consortium were analyzed, together with 30 controls (45.9 ± 16.9 years, M/F = 15/15). Different linear and surface measures were evaluated. A receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed, calculating area under the curve (AUC) and corresponding diagnostic accuracy parameters.ResultsThe pons area proved to be the only metric increased exclusively in ARSACS patients (P = 0.02). Other different measures were reduced in ARSACS and SPG7 compared with controls (all with P ≤ 0.005). A cut‐off value equal to 1.67 of the pons‐to‐superior vermis area ratio proved to have the highest AUC (0.98, diagnostic accuracy 93%, sensitivity 97%) in discriminating between ARSACS and SPG7.ConclusionsEvaluation of the pons‐to‐superior vermis area ratio can discriminate ARSACS from other SPAX patients, as exemplified here by SPG7. Hence, we hereby propose this ratio as the Magnetic Resonance Index for the Assessment and Recognition of patients harboring SACS mutations (MRI‐ARSACS), a novel diagnostic tool able to identify ARSACS patients and useful for discriminating ARSACS from other SPAX patients undergoing MRI. © 2024 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Digital Gait Outcomes for Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix‐Saguenay (ARSACS): Discriminative, Convergent, and Ecological Validity in a Multicenter Study (PROSPAX)
Authors: Beichert Lukas , Ilg Winfried , Kessler Christoph , Traschütz Andreas , Reich Selina , Santorelli Filippo M. , Başak Ayşe Nazli , Gagnon Cynthia ,   PROSPAX Consortium, Schüle Rebecca , Synofzik Matthis 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundWith treatment trials on the horizon, this study aimed to identify candidate digital‐motor gait outcomes for autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix‐Saguenay (ARSACS), capturable by wearable sensors with multicenter validity, and ideally also ecological validity during free walking outside laboratory settings.MethodsCross‐sectional multicenter study (four centers), with gait assessments in 36 subjects (18 ARSACS patients; 18 controls) using three body‐worn sensors (Opal, APDM) in laboratory settings and free walking in public spaces. Sensor gait measures were analyzed for discriminative validity from controls, and for convergent (ie, clinical and patient relevance) validity by correlations with SPRSmobility (primary outcome) and Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA), Spastic Paraplegia Rating Scale (SPRS), and activities of daily living subscore of the Friedreich Ataxia Rating Scale (FARS‐ADL) (exploratory outcomes).ResultsOf 30 hypothesis‐based digital gait measures, 14 measures discriminated ARSACS patients from controls with large effect sizes (|Cliff's δ| > 0.8) in laboratory settings, with strongest discrimination by measures of spatiotemporal variability Lateral Step Deviation (δ = 0.98), SPcmp (δ = 0.94), and Swing CV (δ = 0.93). Large correlations with the SPRSmobility were observed for Swing CV (Spearman's ρ = 0.84), Speed (ρ = −0.63), and Harmonic Ratio V (ρ = −0.62). During supervised free walking in a public space, 11/30 gait measures discriminated ARSACS from controls with large effect sizes. Large correlations with SPRSmobility were here observed for Swing CV (ρ = 0.78) and Speed (ρ = −0.69), without reductions in effect sizes compared with laboratory settings.ConclusionsWe identified a promising set of digital‐motor candidate gait outcomes for ARSACS, applicable in multicenter settings, correlating with patient‐relevant health aspects, and with high validity also outside laboratory settings, thus simulating real‐life walking with higher ecological validity. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Punicalagin Ameliorates Diabetic Liver Injury by Inhibiting Pyroptosis and Promoting Autophagy via Modulation of the FoxO1/TXNIP Signaling Pathway
Authors: Tan Xiuying , Long Yi , Zhang Rou , Zhang Yuhan , You Ziyi , Yang Lina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDiabetic liver injury (DLI) is one of the complications of diabetes mellitus, which seriously jeopardizes human health. Punicalagin (PU), a polyphenolic compound mainly found in pomegranate peel, has been shown to ameliorate metabolic diseases such as DLI, and the mechanism needs to be further explored. In this study, a HFD/STZ‐induced diabetic mouse model is established to investigate the effect and mechanism of PU on DLI. The results show that PU intervention significantly improves liver histology and serum biochemical abnormalities in diabetic mice, significantly inhibits the expression of pyroptosis‐related proteins such as NLRP3, Caspase1, IL‐1β, and GSDMD in the liver of diabetic mice, and up‐regulated the expression of autophagy‐related proteins. Meanwhile, PU treatment significantly increases FoxO1 protein expression and inhibits TXNIP protein expression in the liver of diabetic mice. The above results are further verified in the HepG2 cell injury model induced by high glucose. AS1842856 is a FoxO1 specific inhibitor. The intervention of AS1842856 combined with PU reverses the regulatory effects of PU on pyroptosis and autophagy in HepG2 cells. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that PU may inhibit pyroptosis and upregulate autophagy by regulating FoxO1/TXNIP signaling, thereby alleviating DLI.
All hands on deck: The multidisciplinary rehabilitation assessment and management of hand function in persons with neuromuscular disorders
Authors: O'Connell Colleen , Guo Meiqi , Soucy Béatrice , Calder Marla , Sparks Jeff , Plamondon Stephanie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHand function is important in every aspect of our lives. Across a wide range of neuromuscular disorders—inherited ataxias, motor neuron diseases, polyneuropathies, and myopathies—people can experience losses in hand strength, tone, movement, dexterity, joint range, and sensation. Such changes can adversely affect function and independence in daily activities, reducing participation and quality of life. People with neuromuscular disorders (pwNMD) known to involve the hand should be assessed at regular intervals for changes both clinically and using impairment, performance, function, and patient‐reported outcome measures as appropriate. A patient‐centered approach to management is recommended, with clinicians partnering with the individual, their caregivers and the interprofessional teams to create personalized solutions that can overcome barriers to participation and best meet the goals of individuals affected by neuromuscular disorders. Management strategies should be multifaceted, and may include exercise, orthoses, assistive devices, technological solutions, environmental or task adaptations, medications, and/or surgery. Exercise recommendations and orthoses should be individualized and evolve based on disease progression, impairments, and functional limitations. While medications and surgery have a small role for specific clinical situations, there is a plethora of assistive and technological solutions to assist with basic and instrumental activities of daily living, work/education, and leisure for pwNMD with reduced hand function. In addition, clinicians should advocate for appropriate accommodations for reduced hand function at work/school, and the development of and adherence to legislation supporting accessibility and inclusion.