bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Community analysis of preservative-treated southern pine (Pinus spp.) using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis. Part 2: Bacteria field study
Authors: Kirker Grant T. , Prewitt M. Lynn , Diehl Walter J. , Diehl Susan V. 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
The effects of wood preservatives on the bacterial community in southern yellow pine were assessed by the molecular method ‘terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism’ (T-RFLP). Stakes, treated with 0.25% and 0.37% ammoniacal copper quat (ACQ-C), 0.1% and 0.25% chlorothalonil (CTN), 0.1% and 0.25% CTN with 2% butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and 2% BHT were installed with untreated controls in two field test sites in Mississippi and sampled every 90 days. Bacterial DNA was amplified by means of general 16S rDNA primers. Community data were analyzed to determine the effects of test site, exposure (above or below ground), treatment concentrations, and exposure time on the bacterial communities inhabiting the field stakes. Wood preservatives altered the bacterial communities, which fluctuated in numbers and composition over time. Initial exposure to CTN changed the pattern of species that colonized the stakes, and the bacterial communities did not become more similar to controls after CTN depletion. Bacterial communities on untreated controls were the most similar to each other and changed the least over time. Preservative treatment led to greater population turnover and increased diversity by creating a more unstable bacterial environment, which prevented these communities from reaching equilibrium. Although preservative treatment led to changes over time, there were still many shared species within and between the untreated controls and the different preservative treatments.
New diarylpropanoids from Lindera glauca Bl. heartwood
Authors: Huh Gyu-Won , Park Ji-Hae , Shrestha Sabina , Lee Youn-Hyung , Ahn Eun-Mi , Kang Hee Cheol , Kim Young-Bu , Baek Nam-In 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
From the heartwood of Lindera glauca Blume three new diarylpropanoids have been isolated and identified, which were named lindeglaucol, lindeglaucone, and lindeglaucoside A. Chipped heartwood was extracted repeatedly with 80% aqueous methanol (MeOH) at room temperature, and the concentrated methanolic extract was successively partitioned with ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol, and H2O. From the EtOAc fraction, three new diarylpropanoids and a known chalconoid were isolated through repeated column chromatography with silica gel, octadecyl silica gel, and Sephadex LH-20. The chemical structures of the compounds were elucidated by interpretation of extensive spectroscopic data such as nuclear magnetic resonance, fast atom bombardment mass spectroscopy, and infrared. In addition, a known chalconoid, cilicicone B, was isolated for the first time from the heartwood of L. glauca.
Managing immunity in resistant cancer patients correlates to survival: results and discussion of a pilot study
Authors: Gocan Anca G. , Bachg Doris , Schindler A.E. , Rohr U.D. 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Many cancer patients do not die due to impaired organ functions, but as a result of reduced general conditions, such as cachexia, sarcopenia, depression, infections, or stress. Reduced general health may be caused by immune modifying cytokines released from the tumor into the body. Improvement of immunity would not only reduce cancer side effects through inhibiting cytokine release from the tumor into the blood, but also, according to a new hypothesis, modify the cancer stem cells (CSC) in the tumor, which are believed to drive cancer growth and metastasis. We reported previously several investigations with a dietary fermented soy formulation (FSWW08) in cancer patients, where we saw a) strong reduction of cancer symptoms, b) broken resistance to chemotherapy, and c) a strong reduction of chemotherapy’s toxic side effects, when taken in combination. This publication reports two new findings from a pilot study with postsurgical, treatment resistant patients conducted over four years. First, neither treatment resistance nor side effects were observed. Second, more patients have survived than expected. The improved health and immunity is detected together with increased CSC differentiation, suggesting lower aggressiveness, which was corroborated by increased gene expressions, particularly of steroidal hormones, MAPkinase, NF-κB, and tumor suppressor factor p53, a typical marker of “stemness” or cell differentiation. Although limited by its small, homogenous sample size, the results of this pilot study illustrate the relationship between CSCs differentiation, and the clinical symptoms of immunity, which influence survival outcomes and raise the clinical potential of measuring CSCs in ovarian, prostate, and breast cancers. The improved survival rates are also seen in larger cohort studies, which show similar gene expression profiles, which were induced by FSWW08 in the treatment resistant cancer patients in this study.
Multiple Objective Robot Coalition Formation
Authors: Agarwal Manoj , Vig Lovekesh , Kumar Naveen 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
In multiple robot systems, the problem of allocation of complex tasks to heterogeneous teams of robots, also known as the multiple robot coalition formation problem, has begun to receive considerable attention. Efforts to address the problem range from heuristics based approaches that search the subspaces of the coalition structure to evolutionary learning approaches. Conventional approaches typically strive to optimize a single objective function such as the number of tasks executed or the time required to execute all tasks, or a weighted function of such objectives. In real world applications, objectives such as minimizing distance traveled and maximizing the number of tasks completed are often conflicting in nature. The coalition formation problem thus naturally lends itself to a multi-objective optimization approach based on evolutionary learning. In this paper, we formulate the problem of mapping coalitions of robots to a set of tasks as a multi-objective optimization problem and propose a variant of non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) to arrive at trade-off solutions. Additionally, we extend the solution to domains where robot resources are non-additive. Simulations demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach in generating the set of Pareto-optimal solutions.
Université et Universalité: Y-a-il un développement durable pour l'enseignement et la recherche?
Authors: Lee-Jahnke Hannelore 
Published: December 2011

AbstractLe concept d'universalité est devenu plus important que jamais, notamment dans un discours académique qui insiste sur la durabilité de l'enseignement et de la recherche. La contribution essaie d'esquisser les réflexions philosophiques et scientifiques qui sous-tendent notre aspiration à la globalité, tout en tenant compte du rôle et des limites des universités. L'importance de l'apprentissage autonome, de l'acquisition des compétences spécifiques à chaque domaine de recherche, ainsi qu'un exemple pratique de l'enseignement et de la recherche durable en traduction, constituent le dernier volet de cette contribution.
Translation Quality Assessment (TQA): A Semiotic Model for Poetry Translation
Authors: Dastjerdi Hossein Vahid , Khosravani Yasamin , Shokrollahi Masoud , Mohiman Nasim 
Published: December 2011

AbstractToday the focus of translation scholars has shifted from stable aspects of texts to dynamic aspects. Such a focus requires close attention to the semiotic level of the text in translation which in turn leads to considering semiotic as well as textual aspects of a text in translation quality assessment (TQA). The present study was an attempt to apply semiotics to a model of translation assessment proposed by Vahid et al. (Journal of Language and Translation: 7–40, 2008), which is a holistic model for the evaluation of poetry translation. Although such an enterprise deserves appreciation in its own right, the model seems to carry some shortcomings. This study was thus aimed at identifying the shortcomings, removing them, and finally proposing a semiotic model through combining it with the model devised by Sojoodi (Applied Semiotics, Nashr-e-Gheseh, 2006). The resultant hybrid model was eventually applied to "Another Birth", a poem by the famous Iranian poetess, Forough Farrokhzad, translated into English by Salami (Another Birth, 2008), to show the applicability of its pragmatic features in comparison with that of the stated holistic model.
An effective approach to measuring real-time mold deflection during injection molding
Authors: Huang Chung-Ching , Truong Thanh-Cong , Chen Shen-Hong 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
This study develops an effective approach to measure real-time mold plate flexion, namely a displacement of a cavity plate. A mold-filling program was used to simulate the injection molding process. The predicted cavity pressure was then applied as an input for the subsequent mold deflection analysis. In this work, an amorphous polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) was injection-molded into a 6-inch light guide plate (LGP) cavity, with cavity plate thicknesses of 35 mm, 55 mm, and 100 mm. To validate the predicted mold deflection, an inductive displacement sensor was placed underneath the cavity plate, and experiments were conducted using process variables identical to those of the simulation. Comparison between the simulated results and the experimental data shows that when the cavity plate thickness is reduced, the mold deformation increases significantly, and results in an increase in part thickness. In addition, an increase in packing pressure caused a rise in mold deformation. This study demonstrates that the proposed approach is able to measure the mold deflection.
Stress-linked cortisol concentrations in hair: what we know and what we need to know
Authors: Sharpley Christopher F. , McFarlane James R. , Slominski Andrzej 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Cortisol has major impacts upon a range of physiological homeostatic mechanisms and plays an important role in stress, anxiety and depression. Although traditionally described as being solely synthesised via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, recent animal and human studies indicate that cortisol may also be synthesised via a functionally-equivalent ‘peripheral’ HPA-like process within the skin, principally within hair follicles, melanocytes, epidermal melanocytes and dermal fibroblasts. Current data indicate that basal levels of cortisol within hair vary across body regions, show diurnal variation effects, respond to the onset and cessation of environmental stressors, and may demonstrate some degree of localisation in those responses. There are conflicting data regarding the presence of variability in cortisol concentrations across the length of the hair shaft, thus challenging the suggestion that hair cortisol may be used as a historical biomarker of stress and questioning the primary origin of cortisol in hair. The need to comprehensively ‘map’ the hair cortisol response for age, gender, diurnal rhythm and responsivity to stressor type is discussed, plus the major issue of if, and how, the peripheral and central HPA systems communicate.
Early Instability with Mobile Bearing Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Series of Twenty-Five Cases
Authors: Moskal Joseph T. , Ridgeway Stephen R. , Williams Vincent J. 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Between Dec. 1987 and Jan. 2002, twenty-five cases of clinical instability following mobile bearing total knee arthroplasty with meniscal bearings or rotating platforms presented for evaluation at our institution. These cases were retrospectively identified. All were performed at outside institutions by a variety of surgeons. All clinical examinations were performed by the authors. Nine cases were revised at our institution. All twenty-five cases had clinical evidence of severe coronal plane instability and pain. Eight cases had polyethylene dislocation or subluxation evident radiographically and clinically. Four cases had extensor mechanism dysfunction. Eighteen cases had symptoms immediately postoperatively. Twenty-three of the twenty-five cases had symptoms within two years postoperatively. Any potential long-term benefit of design innovations must be balanced with known problems leading to early failure. This paper is a review of a previously published manuscript by Dr.’s Moskal and Ridgeway [Ridgeway, S. R. and Moskal, J. T., “Early Instability with Mobile Bearing Total Knee Arthroplasty: A series of twenty-five cases,” J. Arthroplasty, Vol. 19, No. 6, 2004, pp. 686–693]. The current manuscript has been updated with additional discussion and references covered in his planned presentation.
Fertility, sexuality and testicular adrenal rest tumors in adult males with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Authors: Falhammar Henrik , Nyström Helena Filipsson , Ekström Urban , Granberg Seth , Wedell Anna , Thorén Marja 
Published: December 2011

ObjectiveFertility in males with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is reported from normal to severely impaired. Therefore, we investigated fertility/fecundity, social/sexual situation, and pituitary–gonadal function in CAH males.Subjects and methodsThe patient cohort comprised 30 males, aged 19–67 years, with 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Their fertility was compared with age-matched national population data. For the evaluation of social/sexual factors and hormone status, age-matched controls were recruited (n=32). Subgroups of different ages (<30 years and older) andCYP21A2genotypes (null (severe salt-wasting (SW)), I2splice (milder SW), and I172N (simple virilizing)) were also studied. Patients underwent testicular ultrasound examination (n=21) and semen analysis (n=14).ResultsFertility was impaired in CAH males compared with national data (0.9±1.3 vs 1.8±0.5 children/father,P<0.001). There were no major differences in social and sexual factors between patients and controls apart from more fecundity problems, particularly in the I172N group. The patients had lower testosterone/estradiol (E2) ratio and inhibin B, and higher FSH. The semen samples were pathological in 43% (6/14) of patients and sperm concentration correlated with inhibin B and FSH. Testicular adrenal rest tumors (TARTs) were found in 86% (18/21). Functional testicular volume correlated positively with the testosterone/E2ratio, sperm concentration, and inhibin B. Patients with pathological semen had increased fat mass and indications of increased cardiometabolic risk.ConclusionsFertility/fecundity was impaired in CAH males. The frequent occurrence of TARTs resulting in testicular insufficiency appears to be the major cause, but other factors such as elevated fat mass may contribute to a low semen quality.
Peer-led Education for Adolescents With Asthma in Jordan: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Al-sheyab Nihaya , Gallagher Robyn , Crisp Jackie , Shah Smita 
Published: December 2011

Objectives:
To determine the impact of a peer-led education program, developed in Australia, on health-related outcomes in high school students with asthma in Jordan.

Methods:
In this cluster-randomized controlled trial, 4 high schools in Irbid, Jordan, were randomly assigned to receive the Adolescent Asthma Action program or standard practice. Bilingual health workers trained 24 peer leaders from Year 11 to deliver asthma education to younger peers from Year 10 (n = 92), who in turn presented brief asthma skits to students in Years 8 and 9 (n = 148) and to other members of the school community in the intervention schools. Students with asthma (N = 261) in Years 8, 9, and 10 completed baseline surveys in December 2006 and 3 months after the intervention.

Results:
Students from the intervention group reported clinically significant improvements in health-related quality of life (mean difference: 1.35 [95% confidence interval: 1.04–1.76]), self-efficacy to resist smoking (mean difference: 4.63 [95% confidence interval: 2.93–6.35]), and knowledge of asthma self- management (mean difference: 1.62 [95% confidence interval: 1.15–2.19]) compared with the control group.

Conclusions:
This trial demonstrated that the Adolescent Asthma Action program can be readily adapted to suit different cultures and contexts. Adolescents in Jordan were successful in teaching their peers about asthma self-management and motivating them to avoid smoking. The findings revealed that peer education can be a useful strategy for health promotion programs in Jordanian schools when students are given the opportunity and training.
Optimization of cutting parameters in CNC turning operation using Taguchi design of experiments
Authors: Hanafi I. , Khamlichi A. , Mata Cabrera F. , Almansa E. , Jabbouri A. 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Non-reinforced and reinforced Poly-Ether-Ether-Ketone (PEEK) plastics have excellent mechanical and thermal properties. Machining is an efficient process that can be used to manufacture specific mechanical parts made from PEEK composites. Researchers have focused on improving the performance of machining operations with the aim of minimizing costs and improving quality of manufactured products, in order to get the best surface roughness and the minimum cutting force. The parameters evaluated are the cutting speed, the depth of cut and the feed rate. In this paper, the effect of the mentioned parameters on surface roughness and cutting force, in dry turning of reinforced PEEK with 30% of carbon fibers (PEEK CF30) using TiN coated cutting tools, is analyzed through using robust design techniques such as Taguchi's design method, signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio and statistical analysis tools such as Pareto-ANOVA. The obtained results have shown that Taguchi method and Pareto ANOVA are suitable for optimizing the cutting parameters with the minimum possible number of experiments, and the optimized process parameters were determined for surface roughness and cutting force criteria.
A LabVIEW-Based Soundcard Interface for E-Laboratory
Authors: Ţepelea L. , Gavriluţ I. , Neamţu O. , Gergely E. , Gacsádi A. 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to present a way to develop a technical e-laboratory for students interested in their continuing training. It presents hardware and software aspects regarding design of a LabVIEW-Based Soundcard Interface for E-Laboratory. To realize an e-learning laboratory we used web publishing tool from LabVIEW and the connection between server and remote computer is realized with a VPN software to pass through any router or a NAT device and realise a secure tunnel between remote computers and LabVIEW web-server. Also, the web publishing tool from LabVIEW allows concurrent access from different remote computers to e-laboratory. For example paper offers a LabVIEW application for acquisition and generation of signals using the sound card.
Examination of the lubricant storing and releasing ability of thermally sprayed surfaces
Authors: Fazekas L. , Tiba Z. S. , Kalácska G. 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
The lubricant storing and releasing ability of the thermally sprayed surfaces plays an essential role in the proper operation of the components. In the case of porous sprayed surfaces the lubricant storing and releasing ability depends mainly on porosity and the surface energy (adhesion susceptibility). The adhesion ability can also be expressed indirectly with an index number that is by determining the surface free energy.
Performance of a cyclone combined with electrostatic precipitator
Authors: Kiss E. 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
In the present investigation a cylindrical electrostatic precipitator was built into a cyclone's outlet tubes, and was tested at various dusts and voltages. It has been found that the penetration (the unremoved fraction of the dust) for the airborne particles (d < 10 mm) in the case of working built in electrostatic precipitator, decreased to 5–10% of the penetration of the (only) mechanical cyclone operation. The penetration data is given at various dusts and voltages. All are proving that the method is working satisfactorily. If the voltage was smaller than the on set voltage of the discharge, the better performance could be observed. It means that with electric field it is possible to utilize the tribo-charge of the dust particles caused by the collision with the wall of the cyclone.
Periodontal Findings in Patients With Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Comet Assay of Affected Gingival Epithelial Cells
Authors: Dodani Kiran , Anumala Naveen , Avula Haritha , Reddy Krishnajaneya , Varre Sreedevi , Kalakonda Butchi Babu , Arora Nupur , Suri Charu , Avula Jaya Kumar 
Published: December 2011

Background:Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) involves large sections of population and is related to certain chewing practices that involve direct exposure of the gingiva to noxious chemicals and additives. The impact of such practices, although studied extensively in relation to the cheek mucosa, is not elucidated as far as gingival tissues are concerned. The possible DNA damage on affected gingiva is also one of the objectives of the present study.Methods:One hundred cases of individuals with OSF and 89 without OSF were examined for periodontal parameters and compared. Biopsies of gingival tissue from both categories were examined with conventional hematoxylin and eosin staining for epithelial, connective tissue, and inflammatory changes. Comet assay of epithelial cells obtained from scraping the gingival surface of both patients with OSF and control individuals was performed.Results:Patients with OSF had poorer oral hygiene and greater loss of attachment, probing depth, and recession compared with controls. Significant histopathologic changes in the form of loss of rete ridges with gingival epithelium reduced to a flattened surface was observed. All the patients with OSF showed comet cells in larger numbers. The controls also showed comet cells but in fewer numbers, and the number of individuals showing comet cells was significantly less.Conclusion:OSF showed significant changes in affected gingiva, and the presence of comet cells in all the patients with OSF is a significant indicator of possible pathognomonic developments.
Alveolar Bone Remodeling Around Immediate Implants Placed in Accordance With the Extraction Socket Classification: A Three‐Dimensional Microcomputed Tomography Analysis
Authors: Al‐Shabeeb Munirah Saleh , Al‐Askar Mansour , Al‐Rasheed Abdulaziz , Babay Nadir , Javed Fawad , Wang Hom‐Lay , Al‐Hezaimi Khalid 
Published: December 2011

Background: Previous studies assessed bone remodeling after a single tooth extraction; however, the effect of multiple contiguous teeth extractions around immediate implant remains unknown. The aim of this microcomputed tomographic investigation is to analyze the alveolar bone remodeling around immediate implants placed in accordance with the extraction socket classification (ESC).Methods: Under general anesthesia, 10 beagle dogs underwent atraumatic tooth extractions. Animals were randomly divided into three groups, with 16 sites per group: 1) ESC‐1, single tooth extraction; 2) ESC‐2, two contiguous teeth extraction; and 3) ESC‐3, more than two contiguous teeth extractions. Immediate implants were inserted in each socket, and postoperative plaque control measures were undertaken. After euthanasia, the jaw segments were evaluated for bone thickness, marginal bone loss (MBL), and bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) using microcomputed tomography.Results: The mean buccal bone thickness (P <0.05) and MBL (P <0.05) was compromised in jaws in ESC‐3 compared to those in ESC‐1 and ESC‐2. The BIC was significantly higher among jaws in ESC‐1 compared to those in ESC‐2 and ESC‐3 (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the buccal bone thickness, MBL, and BIC among the groups in the maxilla and mandible. Lingual bone remodeling did not reveal any significant differences among the groups in either jaw.Conclusion: Buccal bone remodeling is significantly more extensive around immediate implants placed in multiple contiguous tooth extraction sites compared to immediate implants placed in single tooth extraction sites.