bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Crus of Helix Incision Through the Posterior Parotid Gland Approach in the Mid-Level or High-Level Mandibular Condylar Fractures
Authors: Liu Xiang , Shao Shengjie , Lou Huiquan , Xia Yichao 
Published: April 2024

Objective:
This study is to explore the clinical effect of crus of helix incision through the posterior parotid gland approach in the treatment of Mid-or High-Level mandibular condylar fractures.

Methods:
From September 2020 to June 2023, we performed incision reduction internal fixation of 23 patients with mid-level or high-level fractures of the mandibular condylar through the approach of the posterior parotid gland, and observed the effect of the operation.

Results:
After a follow-up period of 6 to 12 months, all patients showed no signs of postoperative facial paralysis or salivary gland fistula. In addition, satisfactory scars were observed in the operation area, and the occlusion function had recovered well.

Conclusion:
The approach of using a crus of helix incision through the posterior parotid gland proved to be an effective method for treating mid-level or high-level fractures of the condylar fractures. This technique offers several advantages, including adequate exposure, minimal facial nerve injury, ease of incision and reduction, inconspicuous scarring, and a more concealed incision.
Antecedent Cardiac Arrest Status of Donation After Circulatory Determination of Death (DCDD) Kidney Donors and the Risk of Delayed Graft Function After Kidney Transplantation: A Cohort Study
Authors: Philipoff Adam , Lin Yingxin , Teixeira-Pinto Armando , Gately Ryan , Craig Jonathan C. , Opdam Helen , Chapman Jeremy C. , Pleass Henry , Rogers Natasha M. , Davies Christopher E. , McDonald Stephen , Yang Jean , Lopez Pedro , Wong Germaine , Lim Wai H. 
Published: April 2024

Background.
The number of donors from donation after circulatory determination of death (DCDD) has increased by at least 4-fold over the past decade. This study evaluated the association between the antecedent cardiac arrest status of controlled DCDD donors and the risk of delayed graft function (DGF).

Methods.
Using data from the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant, the associations between antecedent cardiac arrest status of DCDD donors before withdrawal of cardiorespiratory support, DGF, posttransplant estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and allograft loss were examined using adjusted logistic, linear mixed modeling, and cox regression, respectively. Among donors who experienced cardiac arrest, we evaluated the association between duration and unwitnessed status of arrest and DGF.

Results.
A total of 1173 kidney transplant recipients received DCDD kidneys from 646 donors in Australia between 2014 and 2019. Of these, 335 DCDD had antecedent cardiac arrest. Compared with recipients of kidneys from donors without antecedent cardiac arrest, the adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for DGF was 0.85 (0.65-1.11) among those with kidneys from donors with cardiac arrest. There was no association between antecedent cardiac arrest and posttransplant eGFR or allograft loss. The duration of cardiac arrest and unwitnessed status were not associated with DGF.

Conclusions.
This focused analysis in an Australian population showed that the allograft outcomes were similar whether DCDD donors had experienced a prior cardiac arrest, with no associations between duration or unwitnessed status of arrest and risk of DGF. This study thus provides important reassurance to transplant programs and the patients they counsel, to accept kidneys from donors through the DCDD pathway irrespective of a prior cardiac arrest.
Characterization of Chronic Graft-versus-host Disease After Haploidentical Stem Cell Transplantation With Posttransplant Cyclophosphamide: A Study on Behalf of GETH-TC
Authors: Fonseca-Santos Marta , Bailen Rebeca , Lopez-Godino Oriana , Herruzo-Delgado Beatriz , Bermudez Maria Aranzazu , García-Cadenas Irene , Huguet-Mas María , Ferra-Coll Christelle , Esquirol Albert , Cortés-Rodriguez María , Yañez-Sansegundo Lucrecia , Pascual-Cascon Maria Jesus , Heras Inmaculada , Kwon Mi , Lopez-Corral Lucía ,   on behalf of Grupo Español de Trasplante Hematopoyético y Terapia Celular
Published: April 2024

Background.
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a cause of late morbidity and nonrelapse mortality (NRM) after allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Although studies evaluating haploidentical allo-HSCT (haplo-HSCT) using posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) demonstrate lower cGVHD rates, comprehensive data describing the clinical profile, risk factors, or outcomes of cGVHD within this platform are scarce.

Methods.
We conducted a retrospective multicenter analysis of 389 consecutive patients who underwent haplo-HSCT PTCy in 7 transplant centers of the Spanish Group Grupo Español de Trasplante Hematopoyético y Terapia Celular (GETH-TC) between 2008 and 2020 describing incidence, clinical profile, risk factors, and cGVHD outcomes.

Results.
Ninety-five patients of 389 developed cGVHD. Our data revealed that the incidence and severity of cGVHD are lower than those reported for HLA-identical transplantation with conventional prophylaxis and that the strongest predictor for cGVHD was previous acute GVHD (P = 0.031). Also, recipient age ≥60 y (P = 0.044) was protective against cGVHD. Moreover, patients with moderate cGVHD had longer event-free survival at 3 y than other patients (P = 0.016) and a lower relapse rate at 3 y (P = 0.036).

Conclusions.
Our results support the fact that the incidence and severity of cGVHD are lower than those reported for HLA-identical transplantation with conventional prophylaxis. In this series, patients who develop moderate cGVHD after haplo-HSCT PTCy had a higher overall survival and event-free survival, and lower relapse, suggesting higher graft-versus-leukemia effect. Although this is the largest series focused on characterizing cGVHD in haplo-HSCT PTCy, further prospective studies are needed to confirm the findings.
Effectiveness of the 2023-2024 Formulation of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 mRNA Vaccine against the JN.1 Variant
Authors: Shrestha Nabin K. , Burke Patrick C. , Nowacki Amy S. , Gordon Steven M. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the 2023-2024 formulation of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine protects against COVID-19 caused by the JN.1 lineage of SARS-CoV-2.MethodsEmployees of Cleveland Clinic in employment when the JN.1 lineage of SARS-CoV2 became the dominant circulating strain, were included. Cumulative incidence of COVID-19 was examined prospectively. Protection provided by vaccination (analyzed as a time-dependent covariate) was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression. The analysis was adjusted for the propensity to get tested, age, sex, pandemic phase when the last prior COVID-19 episode occurred, and the number of prior vaccine doses.ResultsAmong 47561 employees, COVID-19 occurred in 838 (1.8%) during the 16-week study period. In multivariable analysis, the 2023-2024 formula vaccinated state was associated with a significantly lower risk of COVID-19 while the JN.1 lineage was the dominant circulating strain (hazard ratio [HR], .77; 95% confidence interval [C.I.], .62-.94;P= .01), yielding an estimated vaccine effectiveness of 23% (95% C.I., 6%-38%). Compared to 0 or 1 prior vaccine doses, risk of COVID-19 was incrementally higher with 2 prior doses (HR, 1.46; 95% C.I., 1.12-1.90;P< .005), 3 prior doses (HR, 1.95; 95% C.I., 1.51-2.52;P< .001), and more than 3 prior doses (HR, 2.51; 95% C.I., 1.91-3.31;P< .001).ConclusionsThe 2023-2024 formula COVID-19 vaccine given to working-aged adults afforded a low level of protection against the JN.1 lineage of SARS-CoV-2, but a higher number of prior vaccine doses was associated with a higher risk of COVID-19.SummaryAmong 47561 working-aged Cleveland Clinic employees, the 2023-2024 formula COVID-19 vaccine was 23% effective against the JN.1 lineage of SARS-CoV-2, but a higher number of prior COVID-19 vaccine doses was associated with a higher risk of COVID-19.
Cardiovascular damage in parents of patients with mucopolysaccharidoses
Authors: Nguyen T.L. , Reznik E.V. , Semyachkina A.N. , Voinova V.Yu. , Shkolnikova M.A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of lysosomal storage diseases. Cardiovascular pathology occurs in all types of MPS, represented by valvular defects, myocardial hypertrophy, and coronary artery disease. Cardiovascular abnormalities in parents of carriers with MPS are poorly understood, which was the purpose of our work.In 2022 year 21 parents (81% female) of children with MPS were examined.The median (25th and 75th percentiles) of age was 36 (33; 37) years. All MPS carriers-parents underwent a standard clinical and laboratory examination, ECG, echocardiography, 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring.There were no confirmed myocardial and brain infarctions, diabetes mellitus in the examined carriers. Arterial hypertension was diagnosed in 14.3% of carriers. A decrease in LV ejection fraction <40% was found in 4.8%, up to 40-50% in 9.5% of carriers. LV wall thickness ≥1.5 cm was detected in 66.7% of carriers, asymmetric LVH in 85.7%. Thickening of the mitral valve leaflets (MV) was detected in 76.2% of carriers. Hydropericardium was detected in 23.8% of carriers. Atrial fibrillation was registered in 4.8%, atrial flutter - in 4.8%, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia - in 33.3%, sinus bradycardia - in 14.3%; conduction disorders - in 71.4% of carriers. A short PR interval was detected on the ECG 9.5% of carriers. A prolonged QT interval was registered in 14.3% of carriers, transient ST-segment depression in 47.6%, ST-segment elevation in 14.3% of carriers.Our results suggest the possibility of clinical manifestations of cardiac involvement in MPS carriers.
Integrative multi-omics characterization of hepatocellular carcinoma in Hispanic patients
Authors: Das Debodipta , Wang Xiaojing , Chiu Yu-Chiao , Bouamar Hakim , Sharkey Francis E. , Lopera Jorge E. , Lai Zhao , Weintraub Susan T. , Han Xianlin , Zou Yi , Chen Hung-I H. , Zeballos Torrez Carla R. , Gu Xiang , Cserhati Matyas , Michalek Joel E. , Halff Glenn A. , Chen Yidong , Zheng Siyuan , Cigarroa Francisco G. , Sun Lu-Zhe 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence and mortality rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among Hispanics in the United States are much higher than those of non-Hispanic whites. We conducted comprehensive multi-omics analyses to understand molecular alterations in HCC among Hispanic patients.MethodsPaired tumor and adjacent non-tumor samples were collected from 31 Hispanic HCC in South Texas (STX-Hispanic) for genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic profiling. Additionally, serum lipids were profiled in 40 Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients with or without clinically diagnosed HCC.ResultsExome sequencing revealed high mutation frequencies ofAXIN2andCTNNB1in STX Hispanic HCCs, suggesting a predominant activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. TheTERTpromoter mutation frequency was also remarkably high in the Hispanic cohort. Cell cycles and liver functions were identified as positively- and negatively-enriched, respectively, with gene set enrichment analysis. Gene sets representing specific liver metabolic pathways were associated with dysregulation of corresponding metabolites. Negative enrichment of liver adipogenesis and lipid metabolism corroborated with a significant reduction in most lipids in the serum samples of HCC patients. Two HCC subtypes from our Hispanic cohort were identified and validated with the TCGA liver cancer cohort. The subtype with better overall survival showed higher activity of immune and angiogenesis signatures, and lower activity of liver function-related gene signatures. It also had higher levels of immune checkpoint and immune exhaustion markers.ConclusionsOur study revealed some specific molecular features of Hispanic HCC and potential biomarkers for therapeutic management of HCC and provides a unique resource for studying Hispanic HCC.
Potent neutralization by a receptor binding domain monoclonal antibody with broad specificity for SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 and other variants
Authors: Piepenbrink Michael S. , Khalil Ahmed Magdy , Chang Ana , Mostafa Ahmed , Basu Madhubanti , Sarkar Sanghita , Panjwani Simran , Ha Yaelyn H. , Ma Yao , Ye Chengjin , Wang Qian , Green Todd J. , Kizziah James L. , Erdmann Nathaniel B. , Goepfert Paul A. , Liu Lihong , Ho David D. , Martinez-Sobrido Luis , Walter Mark R. , Kobie James J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 continues to be a public health burden, driven in-part by its continued antigenic diversification and resulting emergence of new variants. While increasing herd immunity, current vaccines, and therapeutics have improved outcomes for some; prophylactic and treatment interventions that are not compromised by viral evolution of the Spike protein are still needed. Using a rationally designed SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) – ACE2 fusion protein and differential selection process with native Omicron RBD protein, we developed a recombinant human monoclonal antibody (hmAb) from a convalescent individual following SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection. The resulting hmAb, 1301B7 potently neutralized a wide range of SARS-CoV-2 variants including the original Wuhan and more recent Omicron JN.1 strain, as well as SARS-CoV. Structure determination of the SARS-CoV-2 EG5.1 Spike/1301B7 Fab complex by cryo-electron microscopy at 3.1Å resolution demonstrates 1301B7 contacts the ACE2 binding site of RBD exclusively through its VH1-69 heavy chain, making contacts using CDRs1-3, as well as framework region 3 (FR3). Broad specificity is achieved through 1301B7 binding to many conserved residues of Omicron variants including Y501 and H505. Consistent with its extensive binding epitope, 1301B7 is able to potently diminish viral burden in the upper and lower respiratory tract and protect mice from challenge with Omicron XBB1.5 and Omicron JN.1 viruses. These results suggest 1301B7 has broad potential to prevent or treat clinical SARS-CoV-2 infections and to guide development of RBD-based universal SARS-CoV-2 prophylactic vaccines and therapeutic approaches.
GREMLIN1 disrupts intestinal epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk to induce a wnt-dependent ectopic stem cell niche via stromal remodelling
Authors: Mulholland EJ. , Belnoue-Davis HL. , Valbuena GN. , Gunduz N. , Ligezal A. , Biswasl S. , Gil Vasquez E. , Omwengal S. , Nasreddinl N. , Hodder M. , Wang LM. , Irshad S. , Ng AS. , Jennings LK. , Midwood KS. , Dedi N. , Ridgeway R. , Phesse T. , East JE. , Tomlinson IPM. , Davies GCG. , Sansom O. , Leedham SJ. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn homeostasis, counterbalanced morphogen signalling gradients along the vertical axis of the intestinal mucosa regulate the fate and function of epithelial and stromal cell compartments. Here, we used a disease-positioned mouse, and human tissue, to explore the consequences of pathological Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signalling dysregulation on epithelial- mesenchymal interaction. Aberrant pan-epithelial expression of the secreted BMP antagonist GREM1, resulted in ectopic crypt formation with lineage tracing demonstrating the presence ofLgr5(-)stem/progenitor cells. Isolated epithelial cellGrem1expression had no effect on individual cell fate, indicating an intercompartmental impact of mucosal-wide BMP antagonism. Treatment with a novel anti-Grem1 antibody abrogated the polyposis phenotype, and triangulation of specific pathway inhibitors defined a pathological sequence of events, with wnt-ligand dependent ectopic stem cell niches formed through stromal remodelling following BMP disruption. These data support an emerging co-evolutionary model of intestinal cell compartmentalisation based on bidirectional regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal cell fate and function.One Sentence SummaryPathological epithelial GREM1 expression induces therapeutically reversible ectopic stem cell niches through stromal remodelling
Learning Discriminative Representations of Superimposed P waves With Weakly-Supervised Temporal Contrastive Learning
Authors: Hejc Jakub , Redina Richard , Pospisil David , Rakova Ivana , Kolarova Jana , Starek Zdenek 
Published: April 2024

AbstractElectrocardiography (ECG) wave morphology and timing provide critical information for diagnosing arrhythmias and conduction abnormalities, allowing risk stratification for various cardiac diseases. However, extraction of these features becomes challenging in the presence of superimposed waves from distinct cardiac chambers, a common occurrence during pathological rhythms. This work proposes a novel Surrogate-boosted Temporal Contrastive Representation Learning (S-TCRL) frame-work to address this challenge. S-TCRL leverages weak labels, readily obtainable from invasive catheter examinations, to extract latent representations of superimposed P waves.We reformulate the problem from object-wise to sample-wise incomplete information by employing surrogate labels. A 1D fully-convolutional feature pyramid network (FPN) extracts multi-scale features from ECG signals. These features are segmented into equal-sized temporal regions, whose labels are inferred from individual samples using a multiple-instance learning (MIL) paradigm. Non-sequential embeddings are generated to facilitate alignment-free cosine similarity estimation. A temperature-scaled cross-entropy loss function minimizes the distance between embeddings of similar regions (likely containing P waves) while maximizing the distance between dissimilar ones.The framework’s efficacy is evaluated on a custom ECG dataset comprising 3265 short-term recordings from 708 individuals undergoing catheter ablation. S-TCRL achieves significant improvement in the downstream P wave segmentation task compared to two baseline MIL methods. The average re-call and precision for both P wave boundaries reach 70.0% and 80.0%, respectively, exceeding the base-lines’ 63.5% and 67.5%. The results demonstrate the potential of S-TCRL for embedding representation of superimposed P waves and its generalizability to tasks such as arrhythmia classification.
Enhancement of spatial learning by 40 Hz visual stimulation requires parvalbumin interneuron-dependent hippocampal neurogenesis
Authors: Yan Hai , Deng Xufan , Wang Yunxuan , Wu Shiyu , Du Jun , Yu Mei , Liu Bo , Wang Huimei , Pan Yifan , Zhang Zhengyu , Chen Jinghong , Wang Yizheng , Walker Tara , Bartlett Perry , Ju Jun , Hou Sheng-Tao 
Published: April 2024

SUMMARYAcute and short-term rhythmic 40 Hz light flicker stimulation has shown promising results in alleviating cognitive impairments in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), stroke, and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Understanding the long-term impacts and underlying mechanisms is crucial to progress this approach for potential human therapeutic applications. Here, we show that prolonged exposure to 40 Hz light flicker (1 hour per day for 30 days) significantly improved spatial learning and neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG) without harmful behavioral side effects. Mice with transgenic deletion of doublecortin-positive cells (DCXDTR) in the adult hippocampus failed to exhibit enhanced neurogenesis and spatial learning with 40 Hz stimulation. Inactivation or knockout of GABAergic parvalbumin (PV) interneurons reduced the effects of 40 Hz entrainment and neurogenesis enhancement. Mechanistically, the stimulation did not alter the regional microvessel blood flow but significantly raised PV excitability and GABA levels and enhanced inhibitory transmission in the DG. Blocking GABAAreceptors reversed the improvements in spatial learning and neurogenesis. These data showed that long-term exposure to 40 Hz light flicker enhances spatial learning through PV-dependent adult neurogenesis, which requires elevated GABA as a critical neurochemical mechanism for sustaining adult neurogenesis.In briefRhythmic 40 Hz light flicker alleviates cognitive impairments in diverse animal models of neurological diseases. Understanding its long-term effects and mechanisms is vital for advancing its therapeutic potential for humans. Here, we show that prolonged exposure to this flicker improves spatial learning and boosts adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus. Activation of PV interneurons and GABAergic support for the newborn immature neurons underlie this effect, demonstrating lasting benefits for the treatment of neurological diseases.HighlightsLong-term exposure to 40 Hz light flicker significantly improved spatial learning and neurogenesis in the hippocampus, devoid of adverse effects.The 40 Hz light flicker evoked adult neurogenesis requires the activity of GABAergic inhibitory PV interneurons.The 40 Hz light flicker raised GABA levels and enhanced inhibitory transmission in the DG.Increased GABA serves as a vital neurochemical mechanism to support adult neurogenesis.
Proposed network of Marine Protected Areas supports larval dispersal and connectivity in the Eastern Mediterranean
Authors: Berenshtein Igal , Stern Nir , Tagar Aviyam , Paris Claire B. , Lapidot Omri , Morov Arseniy R. , Fredj Erick , Zaken Jacob , Biton Eli 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe marine environment of the Eastern Mediterranean is under growing threat due to natural and anthropogenic stressors. Networks of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are effective tools in protecting marine environments and conserving their biodiversity. Currently, only 4% of the Israeli territorial waters are declared as MPAs, however six new MPAs, which will encompass more than 20% of the Israeli territorial waters, are planned. A central component in the effectiveness of MPAs is the degree to which the protected populations are connected. The purpose of our study is performing a comprehensive connectivity analysis for the proposed network of MPAs. We find that the proposed network substantially supports local and regional larval connectivity patterns for five target species in terms of the number of recruits, betweenness centrality, as well as the number of regional and local MPAs connections. Overall, the results provide strong support for the efficiency of the proposed MPAs in facilitating local and regional larval connectivity. Our findings will be useful for marine spatial planning and natural resource management and will enhance the protection and conservation of our marine environment.
siRNADesign: A Graph Neural Network for siRNA Efficacy Prediction via Deep RNA Sequence Analysis
Authors: Long Rongzhuo , Guo Ziyu , Han Da , Yuan Xudong , Chen Guangyong , Heng Pheng-Ann , Zhang Liang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe clinical adoption of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) has prompted the development of various computational strategies for siRNA design, from traditional data analysis to advanced machine learning techniques. However, previous studies have inadequately considered the full complexity of the siRNA silencing mechanism, neglecting critical elements such as siRNA positioning on mRNA, RNA base-pairing probabilities, and RNA-AGO2 interactions, thereby limiting the insight and accuracy of existing models. Here, we introducesiRNADesign, a Graph Neural Network (GNN) framework that leverages both non-empirical and empirical rules-based features of siRNA and mRNA to effectively capture the complex dynamics of gene silencing. In multiple internal datasets, siRNADesign achievesstate-of-the-artperformance. Significantly, siRNADesign also outperforms existing methodologies inin vitrowet lab experiments and an externally validated dataset. Additionally, we develop a new data-splitting methodology that addresses the data leakage issue, a frequently overlooked issue in previous studies, ensuring the robustness and stability of our model under various experimental settings. Through rigorous testing, siRNADesign has demonstrated remarkable predictive accuracy and robustness, making significant contributions to the field of gene silencing. Furthermore, our approach in redefining data-splitting standards aims to set new benchmarks for future research in the domain of predictive biological modeling for siRNA.