bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Understanding of Death with Dignity for Terminally Ill Patients in Java, Indonesia
Authors: Dewi Puri Swastika Gusti Krisna , Sugiyono Imanuel Eko Anggun , Padmawati Retna Siwi 
Published: April 2024

Objective: Death with dignity in Indonesia generally means a death that happens naturally, and timely way. Indonesians believe that matters related to death is God’s alone to decide. In Indonesia, there is no options for terminal patients to stop their suffering by ending their lives. The objective in this research is to explore the understanding of death with dignity in Java, Indonesia. Methods: This research uses qualitative methods with a phenomenology approach. Study was carried out on 29 participants as a part of bigger study in Catholic hospital in Java, Indonesia. In-depth interviews were conducted for data collection. Data is analyzed using inductive content analysis. The participants were the primary caregivers to terminally ill patients. Results: The findings revealed that participants believe that their family members received death with dignity because they have lived a good life throughout their lives. Such good life involves not borrowing money in order to leave the family with debts to be paid after he/she died, conducted all the affairs in the good manner, well intentioned and dignified way. Always caring for the families and others member of society, and being faithful to his/her belief. When a person died, people can say that he/she had death with dignity. Conclusions: In Indonesia, euthanasia is illegal, thus not an option and not the right choice. The family member of the terminally ill patients needs a holistic approach in assisting their loved ones at the end-of-life. Therefore, a good palliative care becomes increasingly significant to have and must be available whether it is at home service or as part of the hospital.
Death: Ethical, Medical and Theological Interconnectedness
Authors: Lasker Shamima Parvin , Hossain Arif 
Published: April 2024

Death is a biological phenomenon, define as the permanent and irreversible cessation of all biological functions of a being. Many people are afraid of discussing, thinking, or planning their own deaths because of we do not know about death and why death occur. If we know what is death we can think for planning our life, preparing a will, or deciding whether we will remain home or seek help before death. Moreover, after death, we transfer to another world passing out along with funeral according to religious. People seek help to religious cleric, as there is vast information regarding death in religion. As the death is the inevitable system and part and percale of life, therefore we must aware of what death is. We need do good deed in term of one day we will die and after death we will be nowhere but our benevolent works remain and may make us eternal or we will be rewarded heaven or hell or transmigrate to a new body according to our conduct.
The Effectiveness Of The Implementation Of Finger Print Attendance On Employee Attendance Discipline At Pt. Kalibaru
Authors: Sawet  
Published: April 2024

Fingerprint attendance has only been applied in the past few years at the PT Kalibaru office. However, there are still several acts of violating the rules carried out by employees who do not comply, such as not being in the office when it is still working hours, coming and leaving work not based on working hours and coming only to fill in absences and then leaving the office. The purpose of the study was to analyze the effectiveness of the use of fingerprint attendance on employee attendance discipline at PT Kalibaru. The research method uses a quantitative method with a sample of 110 respondents. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire. The results of the study found that the application of fingerprint attendance was quite effective in encouraging compliance with employee attendance discipline as evidenced by sig. 0.000> 0.05. The contribution given from the influence of fingerprint attendance (X) on employee attendance discipline (Y) = 20.8%, the remaining 79.2% was influenced by other variables outside the research carried out.
Konsep Waris Berdasarkan Gender Dan Keadilan Dalam Kitab Melayu Is’af Al Khaaid Karya Syekh Muhammad Syukri Unus Al-Banjari
Authors: Ali Mu’ammar  
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This research explores the concept of inheritance based on gender and justice as presented in the Malay manuscript "Is’af Al Khaaid" by Sheikh Muhammad Syukri Unus Al-Banjari. The manuscript serves as the focal point for analysis to comprehend Sheikh Muhammad Syukri Unus Al-Banjari's perspectives on inheritance, with a specific emphasis on gender aspects and principles of justice. Employing a qualitative approach, this study delves into an in-depth textual analysis of the manuscript to identify gender perspectives in inheritance and to understand how the concept of justice is reflected in the distribution of inherited property. The research aims to provide further insights into Islamic views, particularly in the context of inheritance, and its implications on gender justice within society. The conclusions and findings of this study are expected to contribute significantly to the discourse on Islam, inheritance law, and gender perspectives concerning justice.
Keywords: inheritance, gender, justice
Abstrak
Penelitian ini menggali konsep waris berdasarkan gender dan keadilan yang terkandung dalam kitab Melayu "Is’af Al Khaaid" karya Syekh Muhammad Syukri Unus Al-Banjari. Kitab tersebut menjadi fokus analisis untuk memahami pandangan Syekh Muhammad Syukri Unus Al-Banjari terhadap pewarisan, dengan penekanan pada aspek gender dan prinsip keadilan. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menganalisis teks kitab secara mendalam untuk mengidentifikasi perspektif gender dalam pemberian waris dan memahami bagaimana konsep keadilan tercermin dalam pembagian harta waris. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan lebih lanjut tentang pandangan agama Islam, terutama dalam konteks waris, serta implikasinya terhadap keadilan gender di masyarakat. Kesimpulan dan temuan studi ini diharapkan dapat memberikan sumbangan signifikan terhadap diskursus keislaman, hukum waris, dan perspektif gender dalam konteks keadilan.
Kata Kunci: waris, gender, keadilan
Variations of the cognitive interview: Which one is the most effective in enhancing children's testimonies?
Authors: Verkampt Fanny , Ginet Magali 
Published: October 2009

AbstractTwo experiments were conducted to examine the effectiveness of the combination of instructions used in the Cognitive Interview (CI) and the effectiveness of a new mnemonic, the ‘cued recall’ (CR), on children's recall and suggestibility levels. In the first experiment, 229 children, ages 4–5 and 8–9, participated in a painting session. They were then interviewed with one of six interview protocols: A full CI, four of its variations, or a Structured Interview (SI). The children were then asked some misleading questions. All of the variations of the CI elicited more correct details than the SI, without a concomitant in errors or confabulations. Moreover, the CI with the change order instruction (CO) omitted reduced the children's suggestibility level. In the second experiment, this variation of the CI was tested on 57 children. Results confirmed the effectiveness of this protocol. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In Situ Characterization of a Nb and Mo Containing γ‐TiAl Based Alloy Using Neutron Diffraction and High‐Temperature Microscopy
Authors: Watson Ian J. , Liss Klaus‐Dieter , Clemens Helmut , Wallgram Wilfried , Schmoelzer Thomas , Hansen Thomas C. , Reid Mark 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn recent times, novel titanium aluminides containing the bcc β‐phase at high temperatures are being developed for improved hot‐working capabilities, however, predictions of the phase diagrams are merely uncertain. Here we present in‐situ neutron studies, which are particularly sensitive to the atomic disorder in the ordered phases. Complementary laser scanning confocal microscopy is employed for in‐situ microstructural investigations.
Synthesis and properties of grafted latices from a soybean oil‐based waterborne polyurethane and acrylics
Authors: Lu Yongshang , Larock Richard C. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA novel soybean oil‐based vinyl‐containing waterborne polyurethane (VPU) dispersion has been successfully synthesized from toluene 2,4‐diisocyanate, dimethylol propionic acid and a 90 : 10 mixture of chlorinated soybean oil‐based polyol and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO). Then, a series of VPU/acrylic grafted latices have been prepared by emulsion graft copolymerization of acrylic monomers (40 wt % butyl acrylate and 60 wt % methyl methacrylate) in the presence of the VPU dispersion, using potassium persulfate as an initiator. The structure, morphology, and thermal and mechanical properties of the resulting latices, containing 15–60 wt % soybean oil‐based polyols as a renewable resource, have been investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, solid state 13C NMR spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis, and mechanical testing. The results indicate that graft copolymerization of the acrylic monomers onto the VPU network occurs during emulsion polymerization, leading to a significant increase in the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the resulting miscible grafted latices. This work provides new environmentally‐friendly latices from a renewable resource with high performance for coating applications. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Electrical, dielectric, and electromagnetic shielding properties of polypropylene‐graphite composites
Authors: Panwar Varij , Park Jong‐Oh , Park Suk‐Ho , Kumar Sanjeev , Mehra R. M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe conducting polymer composite material is desired to have a high dielectric constant and high dissipation factor in low and high frequency ranges, so that it can be used in charge storing devices, decoupling capacitors, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding applications. Currently, on‐going research is trying to enhance the dielectric constant of ceramic powder‐polymer, metal powder‐polymer, and nanotube‐polymer composites in the low frequency region. In this article, we present the dielectric properties of polypropylene (PP)‐graphite (Gr) composites in low and radio frequency ranges. Furthermore, the EMI shielding properties of these composites are examined in the radio frequency range. The PP‐Gr composites were prepared by mixing and the hot compression mold technique. The electrical conductivity and dielectric constant of PP‐Gr composites with graphite volume fraction follow the power law model of percolation theory. The percolation threshold of the composites is estimated to be 0.0257 (∼ 5wt % of Gr). The current of PP‐Gr composites as a function of voltage shows a nearly ohmic behavior above the percolation threshold. Shore‐D hardness of the composites is decreased with the addition of conducting filler. The PP‐Gr composites exhibit a high dielectric constant and high dissipation factor with the addition of graphite in low frequency and radio frequency regions, so they can be used in the proposed applications. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Heat and humidity performance of injection molded PLA for durable applications
Authors: Harris Angela M. , Lee Ellen C. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe durability of a commercially available injection molding grade polylactide (PLA) was assessed by exposure to conditions of elevated temperature and humidity over a period of several weeks. Moisture absorption, molecular weight, and mechanical performance were monitored over time and as a function of crystallinity level. At 50°C and 90% relative humidity, both amorphous and crystalline samples of PLA showed significant moisture absorption, allowing hydrolysis to occur. The study showed that while crystalline content had an effect on the initial moisture absorption behavior, the overall longer term effects on degradation were surprisingly minor. A cumulative damage model was used to relate the overall degradation due to moisture uptake and hydrolysis to long‐term durability in environments typical of automotive interiors. The study showed that the injection molding grade PLA resins that are currently commercially available are not suitable for use in applications that require long‐term durability in environments subject to elevated temperature and humidity. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Development of isotropic compatible HDPE/PP blends for structural applications
Authors: Zahran Rouchdy R. , Abd El‐Latif Mona Mahmoud , Konsowa Abd El‐Aziz H. , Awwad Marwa 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn an attempt to provide superior products for the structural applications, this study aimed at preparing isotropic compatible high density polyethylene (HDPE)/ polypropylene (PP) blends without the use of the expensive compatibilization technique. Morphological and structural characterizations of the homopolymers and blends were carried out. In addition, some of the structurally important mechanical and thermal properties were characterized. Such characterizations were performed to investigate whether or not the blends are compatible and therefore acceptable for the structural applications. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs of the blend samples indicate that the interfacial adhesion between HDPE and PP phases is intimate in the 5/95 HDPE‐PP, good in the 85/15 HDPE‐PP and 95/5 HDPE‐PP, fair in the 30/70 HDPE‐PP and very poor in the 50/50 HDPE‐PP. Similarly, mechanical and thermal responses of the first three blends are remarkable. The 30/70 HDPE‐PP blend displays a fairly good performance. Whereas, the properties of the 50/50 HDPE‐PP blend are very poor. This decides that the first three blends are compatible and, therefore, structurally attractive materials. The fourth is partially compatible and, as a consequence, can be rather acceptable for the structural applications. However, the fifth is incompatible and, of course, is not acceptable for such applications. On the other hand, SEM micrographs and differential scanning calorimetry results indicate that the crystalline structures of individual polymers are appreciably affected by blending. Additionally, the study reveals that the end use performance of blends is strongly dependent on the crystalline structure changes occurring in each component due to blending as well as the compatibility between the blend components. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Kinetic and thermomechanical analysis of hydrophobic–hydrophilic copolymer thermosets synthesized via free‐radical polymerization
Authors: Rahmathullah M. Aflal M. , Elabd Yossef A. , Palmese Giuseppe R. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe synthesis of a crosslinked copolymer of hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers, diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A vinyl ester (VE), and 2‐acrylamido 2‐methyl 1‐propane sulfonic acid (AMPS) respectively, is discussed. A methodology for real‐time monitoring of the copolymerization reaction using transmission mode near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was employed that resolves overlapping peaks associated with the reactive double bonds. The influence of solvent, monomer ratio, and initiator concentration on the kinetic behavior of the system was investigated. The method of Mayo and Lewis was used to provide a qualitative understanding of the microstructure being formed. At low conversions (<15%) and within the compositions of interest, greater VE homopolymerization as compared with AMPS homopolymerization was observed and the product of the reactivity ratios (rAMPS.rVE) was close to 0.5, suggesting the formation of a moderately random copolymer structure. Thermo‐mechanical analysis shows large concentrations of AMPS had a plasticizing effect on the network structure. Solvent removal using supercritical carbon dioxide and thermal drying were compared, and the drying technique were shown to have an effect on the glass transition temperature (Tg), with the lowest Tg being 146°C for supercritically dried samples and 121°C for thermally dried systems. Gel permeation chromatography shows that there is a significant fraction of an unbound mobile phase within the network structure that might be acting as a plasticizing agent for the copolymer structure. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Development and characterization of cellulose‐based hydrogels for use as dietary bulking agents
Authors: Sannino Alessandro , Madaghiele Marta , Demitri Christian , Scalera Francesca , Esposito Annaclaudia , Esposito Vincenzo , Maffezzoli Alfonso 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn the last decade, cellulose‐based hydrogels have been receiving increasing attention for a number of applications because of their smart swelling behavior, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. Given the dramatic spreading of obesity and overweight in the industrialized countries and the lack of scientific consensus over currently available dietary supplements, it was recently proposed that such hydrogels might be used as orally administered bulking agents in hypocaloric diets, because the hydrogel swelling in the stomach may greatly reduce the space available for food intake, thus giving a sense of fullness. This study is focused on the synthesis of cellulose‐based hydrogels, starting from pharmaceutical and food grade cellulose derivatives, and shows that such hydrogels possess good swelling properties in water solutions mimicking the environmental conditions of the stomach and the intestine, as well as a good biocompatibility. The crosslinking agent used was a “zero‐length” crosslinker, that is, a water soluble carbodiimide, which is washed out from the gel after the synthesis and does not affect the gel compatibility, as shown by preliminary biocompatibility assays. The experimental results confirmed that cellulose‐based hydrogels might be a scientifically valid dietary adjuvant in the treatment of obesity and overweight, and provide further scientific evidence for future experiments on humans. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Diffusion and sorption studies of dyes through PVA cryogel membranes
Authors: Papancea Adina , Valente Artur J. M. , Patachia Silvia 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe capacity of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to crosslink through freeze/thaw method was used to obtain PVA hydrogel membranes (HG) that were subjected to sorption and diffusion experiments using three dyes: Congo red (CR), methylthymol blue (MTB), and crystal violet (CV). To study the sorption of dyes into the cryogenic membrane, dye solutions at different concentrations were used. After sorption, desorption of dyes from the PVA membrane was monitored to quantify the possible regeneration of the membrane (PVA HG). To have a deep insight on the mechanism behind the desorption process, dye‐release kinetics were studied. The diffusion experiments reveal the fact that CR and MTB do not permeate the PVA HG membrane making it a promising candidate in the advanced purification processes of wastewaters. The effect of the incorporation of dyes (CV, CR, and MTB) on the chemical properties of PVA cryogel matrices has been studied by using several techniques such as: differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Conjugated copolymers of cyanosubstituted poly(p‐phenylene vinylene) with phenylene ethynylene and thienylene vinylene moieties: Synthesis, optical, and electrochemical properties
Authors: Zou Yingping , Peng Bo , Liu Bo , Li Yongfang , He Yuehui , Zhou Kechao , Pan Chunyue 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThree alternating conjugated copolymers of cyanosubstituted poly(p‐phenylene vinylene) (CN–PPV) with phenylene ethynylene and thienylene vinylene moieties, P1, P2, and P3, were synthesized via cross‐coupling polycondensation with Pd(PPh3)2Cl2 as a catalyst. Their structures were confirmed by 1H‐NMR, IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and gel permeation chromatography, and the thermal, photophysical, and electrochemical properties of the copolymers were also investigated. The incorporation of a triple bond into the CN–PPV backbone led to higher reduction potentials, which corresponded to lower lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels. The three copolymers possessed broader absorption spectra, especially copolymer P3 with its polymerization units containing two thiophene rings, which showed the broadest absorption spectrum, from 300 to 710 nm. Their high electron affinities, broad absorptions, and relatively higher oxidation potentials make the copolymers potentially good electron‐acceptor material for use in photovoltaic devices. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Preparation of injectable paclitaxel sustained release microspheres by spray drying for inhibition of glioma in vitro
Authors: Song Tian‐Tian , Yuan Xu‐Bo , Sun Ai‐Ping , Wang Hong , Kang Chun‐Sheng , Ren Yu , He Bin , Sheng Jing , Pu Pei‐Yu 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe major aim of this work was to prepare injectable paclitaxel‐loaded poly(D,L‐lactide) microspheres for the inhibition of brain glioma. Paclitaxel‐loaded PLA microspheres were prepared by spray drying method employing ethyl acetate as solvent. And the microspheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the morphology and differential scanning calorimetry for thermal analysis. The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and in vitro release profiles of paclitaxel‐loaded microspheres were determined by using ultraviolet spectrophotometer. The results showed that the microspheres possess a narrow size distribution with the average diameter of 4.6 μm. The surface of the microspheres was smooth, and the paclitaxel dispersed in microspheres in amorphous state. The solvent residue was 0.03%, and the EE reaches ∼ 90%. The microspheres exhibited a sustained release behavior, and the release period last for at least three months, depending on the EE of the microspheres. The γ irradiation sterilization had little effect on the EE and drug release in vitro. Compared with the commercial formulation, the sustained release microsphere showed a stronger inhibition on the tumor cells, suggesting the potential application of long‐term delivery of paclitaxel‐loaded PLA microspheres in clinic tumor therapy. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Study on properties and aggregation structures of deacetylated konjac glucomannan/chitosan hydrochloride absorbent blend gel films
Authors: Liu J. , Li B. , Zhu B. , Fu R.H. , Yuan L.N. , Huang W. , Ma M.H. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA series of novel blend films of deacetylated konjac glucomannan (d‐KGM) and Chitosan hydrochloride (CHI·HCl) were prepared successfully by using the solvent‐casting technique with different blending ratios of the two polymers. The miscibility and aggregation structure of the blend films were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that the blend system of d‐KGM and CHI·HCl had a conditional miscibility. A new crystal occurred and hydrogen‐bonding interaction was strengthened when the CHI·HCl content in the blend films was 40%. The effects of deacetylation degree of KGM, acids (the solvent Chitosan dissolved in), temperature, and the mix ratio on the swelling behavior of the blend films were also studied. The blend film KC3 (CHI·HCl content in the blend films was 30%) had not only the highest equilibrium swelling degree (26 times) but also the highest tensile strength, and it could be regarded as a potential absorbent film material. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010