bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of hypermethylation and expression profiles of APC and ATM genes in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Rigi-Ladiz Mohammad Ayub , Kordi-Tamandani Dor Mohammad , Torkamanzehi Adam 
Published: December 2011

Abstract

Background

Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and Ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) gene products have an important role in cell cycle control and maintenance of genomic stability. Our aim was to analyze ATM and APC methylation and its relationship with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Materials and methods
Eighty-four OSCC tissues that have been fixed in paraffin along with 57 control oral samples have been used for analyzing promoter methylation of ATM and APC genes by Methylation Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (MS-PCR). In addition, 10 cases of OSCC and the same of matched controls were examined for estimating expression of the above mentioned genes using Real-Time Reverse-Transcription PCR.

Results
Observed promoter methylations were 71.42% and 87.71% for the APC gene and 88.09% and 77.19% for the ATM gene in cases and controls, respectively. Analysis of these data showed that promoter methylation at APC was significantly different in cases compared to healthy controls (p = 0.01), but no difference was detected for the ATM gene. Furthermore, the mRNA expression levels did not differ statistically between cases and controls for both ATM (cases = 9, controls = 10) and APC (cases = 11, controls = 10) genes.

Conclusions
Our results, for the first time, provide methylation profiles of ATM and APC genes in a sample of patients with OSCC in a southeast Iranian population. The present data support related evidence of APC methylation effect on OSCC development.
Immortalized pathological human myoblasts: towards a universal tool for the study of neuromuscular disorders
Authors: Mamchaoui Kamel , Trollet Capucine , Bigot Anne , Negroni Elisa , Chaouch Soraya , Wolff Annie , Kandalla Prashanth K , Marie Solenne , Di Santo James , St Guily Jean Lacau , Muntoni Francesco , Kim Jihee , Philippi Susanne , Spuler Simone , Levy Nicolas , Blumen Sergiu C , Voit Thomas , Wright Woodring E , Aamiri Ahmed , Butler-Browne Gillian , Mouly Vincent 
Published: December 2011

Abstract

Background
Investigations into both the pathophysiology and therapeutic targets in muscle dystrophies have been hampered by the limited proliferative capacity of human myoblasts. Isolation of reliable and stable immortalized cell lines from patient biopsies is a powerful tool for investigating pathological mechanisms, including those associated with muscle aging, and for developing innovative gene-based, cell-based or pharmacological biotherapies.

Methods
Using transduction with both telomerase-expressing and cyclin-dependent kinase 4-expressing vectors, we were able to generate a battery of immortalized human muscle stem-cell lines from patients with various neuromuscular disorders.

Results
The immortalized human cell lines from patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy, oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy, congenital muscular dystrophy, and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B had greatly increased proliferative capacity, and maintained their potential to differentiate both in vitro and in vivo after transplantation into regenerating muscle of immunodeficient mice.

Conclusions
Dystrophic cellular models are required as a supplement to animal models to assess cellular mechanisms, such as signaling defects, or to perform high-throughput screening for therapeutic molecules. These investigations have been conducted for many years on cells derived from animals, and would greatly benefit from having human cell models with prolonged proliferative capacity. Furthermore, the possibility to assess in vivo the regenerative capacity of these cells extends their potential use. The innovative cellular tools derived from several different neuromuscular diseases as described in this report will allow investigation of the pathophysiology of these disorders and assessment of new therapeutic strategies.
Searching for mechanisms that matter in early septic acute kidney injury: an experimental study
Authors: Benes Jan , Chvojka Jiri , Sykora Roman , Radej Jaroslav , Krouzecky Ales , Novak Ivan , Matejovic Martin 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Introduction
In almost half of all sepsis patients, acute kidney injury (AKI) develops. However, the pathobiologic differences between sepsis patients with and without AKI are only poorly understood. We used a unique opportunity to examine dynamic inflammatory, renal hemodynamic, and microvascular changes in two clinically relevant large-animal models of sepsis. Our aim was to assess variability in renal responses to sepsis and to identify both hemodynamic and nonhemodynamic mechanisms discriminating individuals with AKI from those in whom AKI did not develop.

Methods
Thirty-six pigs were anesthetized, mechanically ventilated, and instrumented. After a recovery period, progressive sepsis was induced either by peritonitis (n = 13) or by continuous intravenous infusion of live Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 15). Eight sham operated-on animals served as time-matched controls. All animals received standard intensive care unit (ICU) care, including goal-directed hemodynamic management. Before, and at 12, 18, and 22 hours of sepsis, systemic and renal (ultrasound flow probe) hemodynamics, renal cortex microcirculation (laser Doppler), inflammation (interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), nitrite/nitrate concentrations (NOx), and renal oxygen kinetics and energy metabolism were measured.

Results
In 14 (50%) pigs, AKI developed (62% in peritonitis, 40% in bacteria infusion model). Fecal peritonitis resulted in hyperdynamic circulation, whereas continuous bacteria infusion was associated with normodynamic hemodynamics. Despite insults of equal magnitude, comparable systemic hemodynamic response, and uniform supportive treatment, only those pigs with AKI exhibited a progressive increase in renal vascular resistance. This intrarenal vasoconstriction occurred predominantly in the live-bacteria infusion model. In contrast to AKI-free animals, the development of septic AKI was preceded by early and remarkable inflammatory response (TNF-α, IL-6) and oxidative stress (TBARS).

Conclusions
The observed variability in susceptibility to septic AKI in our models replicates that of human disease. Early abnormal host response accompanied by subsequent uncoupling between systemic and renal vascular resistance appear to be major determinants in the early phase of porcine septic AKI. Nonuniform and model-related renal hemodynamic responses that are unpredictable from systemic changes should be taken into consideration when evaluating hemodynamic therapeutic interventions in septic AKI.
Induced pluripotent stem cells from GMP-grade hematopoietic progenitor cells and mononuclear myeloid cells
Authors: Ohmine Seiga , Dietz Allan B , Deeds Michael C , Hartjes Katherine A , Miller David R , Thatava Tayaramma , Sakuma Toshie , Kudva Yogish C , Ikeda Yasuhiro 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Introduction
The induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology allows generation of patient-specific pluripotent stem cells, thereby providing a novel cell-therapy platform for severe degenerative diseases. One of the key issues for clinical-grade iPSC derivation is the accessibility of donor cells used for reprogramming.

Methods
We examined the feasibility of reprogramming mobilized GMP-grade hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and tested the pluripotency of derived iPS clones.

Results
Ectopic expression of OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC in HPCs and PBMCs resulted in rapid iPSC derivation. Long-term time-lapse imaging revealed efficient iPSC growth under serum- and feeder-free conditions with frequent mitotic events. HPC- and PBMC-derived iPS cells expressed pluripotency-associated markers, including SSEA-4, TRA-1-60, and NANOG. The global gene-expression profiles demonstrated the induction of endogenous pluripotent genes, such as LIN28, TERT, DPPA4, and PODXL, in derived iPSCs. iPSC clones from blood and other cell sources showed similar ultrastructural morphologies and genome-wide gene-expression profiles. On spontaneous and guided differentiation, HPC- and PBMC-derived iPSCs were differentiated into cells of three germ layers, including insulin-producing cells through endodermal lineage, verifying the pluripotency of the blood-derived iPSC clones.

Conclusions
Because the use of blood cells allows minimally invasive tissue procurement under GMP conditions and rapid cellular reprogramming, mobilized HPCs and unmobilized PBMCs would be ideal somatic cell sources for clinical-grade iPSC derivation, especially from diabetes patients complicated by slow-healing wounds.
Consistency in the Analysis and Reporting of Primary End Points in Oncology Randomized Controlled Trials From Registration to Publication: A Systematic Review
Authors: You Benoit , Gan Hui K. , Pond Gregory , Chen Eric X. 
Published: December 2011

Purpose To improve the quality of reporting of randomized clinical trials (RCTs), international registries for RCTs and guidelines for primary end point (PEP) analysis were established. The objectives of this systematic review were to evaluate concordance of PEP between publication and the corresponding registry and to assess intrapublication consistency in PEP reporting. Methods All adult oncology RCTs in solid tumors published in 10 journals between 2005 and 2009 were reviewed. Registration information was extracted from international trial registries. Results A total 366 RCTs were identified. Trial registration was found for 215 trials, and the rate increased from 43% in 2005 to 82% in 2009 (P < .001). There were 134 RCTs with clearly defined PEPs in registry, with the rate increasing from 15% to 67% (P < .001). PEP differed between registration and final publication in 14% trials with clearly defined PEPs. Reporting issues in methodology were found in 15% of RCTs, mainly because of inadequate reporting of PEP or sample size calculation. Problems with the interpretation of trial results were found in 22% publications, mostly resulting from negative superiority studies being interpreted as showing equivalence. Conclusion The rates of trial registration and of trials with clearly defined PEPs have improved over time; however, 14% of these trials reported a different PEP in the final publication. Intrapublication inconsistencies in PEP reporting are frequent. Our findings highlight the need for investigators, peer reviewers, and readers to exercise increased awareness and scrutiny of reporting outcomes of oncology RCTs.
Cloud-Computing-Anwendungen in Bibliotheken
Authors: Tang Jingnan , Shen Guoqin 
Published: December 2011

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag wird zunächst ein kurzer Überblick über Cloud Computing und seine Anwendungen in Bibliotheken vorgestellt. Es wird gezeigt, dass Cloud Computing die Auslagerung von Anwendungen, Daten und Rechenvorgängen in das Internet bedeutet. Mit der Cloud-Computing-Technologie kann man im Internet Cloud-Computing-Bibliotheken errichten. Anschließend werden Auswirkungen des Cloud Computings auf die Bibliotheken aufgeführt. Es wird darauf hingewiesen, dass Cloud-Computing-Anwendungen in den Bibliotheken viele Veränderungen und zugleich viele dringend zu lösende Probleme auslösen können. Weiterhin wird der Entwicklungsstand des Cloud Computings dargestellt. Im letzten Abschnitt werden zudem zwei Punkte erwähnt, die man bei der Anwendung des Cloud-Computing-Bibliotheksmodells berücksichtigen soll, und ein Ausblick auf die zukünftige Situation der Cloud-Computing-Anwendungen in Bibliotheken geboten.
A novel role for reciprocal CD30-CD30L signaling in the cross-talk between natural killer and dendritic cells
Authors: Simhadri Vijaya Lakshmi , Hansen Hinrich P. , Simhadri Venkateswara R. , Reiners Katrin S. , Bessler Martina , Engert Andreas , von Strandmann Elke Pogge 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe interplay between dendritic cells (DCs) and natural killer (NK) cells directs adaptive immune responses. The molecular basis of the cross-talk is largely undefined. Here, we provide evidence for a contribution of CD30 (TNFRSF8) and its ligand CD30L (TNFSF8) expressed on NK cells and DCs, respectively. We demonstrate that CD30-mediated engagement of CD30L induced cytokine secretion from immature DCs via the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Moreover, CD30L engagement promoted differentiation to mature DCs. On the contrary, the engagement of CD30 on NK cells resulted in an NF-κB-dependent release of TNF-α/IFN-γ. These data uncover a novel and unexpected role for CD30/CD30L that contributes to proinflammatory immune responses.
From head to toe of the norovirus 3C-like protease
Authors: Someya Yuichi 
Published: December 2011

AbstractNoroviruses are major causative agents of viral gastroenteritis in humans. Currently, there are no therapeutic medications to treat noroviral infections, nor are there effective vaccines against these pathogens. The viral 3C-like protease is solely responsible for the maturation of viral protein components. The crystal structures of the proteases were resolved at high atomic resolution. The protease was also explored by means of mutagenesis. These studies revealed the active-site amino acid residues and factors determining and affecting substrate specificity as well as the principle of architecting the protease molecule. The possible mechanism of proteolysis was also suggested. Consideration of the data accumulated thus far will be useful for development of therapeutic drugs targeting the viral protease.
Regenerating proteins and their expression, regulation, and signaling
Authors: Parikh Abhirath , Stephan Anne-Fleur , Tzanakakis Emmanuel S. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe regenerating (Reg) protein family comprises C-type lectin-like proteins discovered independently during pancreatitis and pancreatic islet regeneration. However, an increasing number of studies provide evidence of participation of Reg proteins in the proliferation and differentiation of diverse cell types. Moreover, Reg family members are associated with various pathologies, including diabetes and forms of gastrointestinal cancer. These findings have led to the emergence of key roles for Reg proteins as anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and mitogenic agents in multiple physiologic and disease contexts. Yet, there are significant gaps in our knowledge regarding the regulation of expression of different Reg genes. In addition, the pathways relaying Reg-triggered signals, their targets, and potential cross-talk with other cascades are still largely unknown. In this review, the expression patterns of different Reg members in the pancreas and extrapancreatic tissues are described. Moreover, factors known to modulate Reg levels in different cell types are discussed. Several signaling pathways, which have been implicated in conferring the effects of Reg ligands to date, are also delineated. Further efforts are necessary for elucidating the biological processes underlying the action of Reg proteins and their involvement in various maladies. Better understanding of the function of Reg genes and proteins will be beneficial in the design and development of therapies utilizing or targeting this protein group.
Life history ofChaetomorpha valida(Cladophoraceae, Chlorophyta) in culture
Authors: Deng Yunyan , Tang Xiaorong , Huang Bingxin , Ding Lanping 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe marine green algaChaetomorpha valida(Cladophoraceae, Cladophorales) has been found for several years fouling aquaculture ponds along coasts of the cities Dalian and Rongcheng, P.R. China. Using unialgal culture and microscopic observation, we completed the life history ofC. validaand discovered fragment regeneration for the first time. The life history comprised an isomorphic alternation between gametophytes and sporophytes typical of most other members of the Cladophorales. Male and female gametes fused into zygotes then developed into sporophytes. Quadriflagellate zoospores produced by mature sprophytes gave rise to new gametophytes that yielded biflagellate gametes. Germination of zygotes and zoospores was of the bipolar erect type, as observed in some other species ofChaetomorpha. Fragment regeneration occurred in both gametophytes and sporophytes via production of polar algal fragments, which directly developed into entire filaments to give a self-replicating gene­ration. The results improved understanding of the seasonal abundances ofC. validain spring and summer.
Serum mesothelin and megakaryocyte potentiating factor in pancreatic and biliary cancers
Authors: Sharon Elad , Zhang Jingli , Hollevoet Kevin , Steinberg Seth M. , Pastan Ira , Onda Masanori , Gaedcke Jochen , Ghadimi B. Michael , Ried Thomas , Hassan Raffit 
Published: December 2011

AbstractTumor mesothelin overexpression is present in different malignancies, including the majority of patients with pancreatic or biliary cancers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of shed serum mesothelin and megakaryocyte potentiating factor (MPF) concentrations as biomarkers for these cancers.A total of 151 individuals, divided into five groups, were retrospectively analyzed: healthy donors (n=15), patients with benign non-pancreatic conditions (n=52), benign pancreatic conditions (n=33), biliary carcinoma (n=9), and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (n=42). Mesothelin and MPF concentrations were measured in serum with the Mesomark™ and Human MPF ELISA, respectively.Mesothelin and MPF concentrations did not significantly differ among the five individual participant groups (p=0.34, p=0.33, respectively), nor did any other combination and pair-wise comparison of the participant groups demonstrated a significant difference in biomarker concentrations. In patients with pancreatic cancer, mesothelin or MPF concentrations were not associated with tumor stage (p=0.87, p=0.48, respectively) or differentiation grade (p=0.73, p=0.52, respectively).Serum mesothelin and MPF concentrations, measured with standard available ELISAs, were not specific for benign or pancreatic disease. Both biomarkers were not elevated in patients with pancreatic or biliary cancers, and consequently do not appear to be useful biomarkers for these malignancies.
One-pot three-component solvent-free synthesis of 1-[(1,3-thiazol-2-ylamino)methyl]-2-naphthols
Authors: Li Zheng , Mao Xuerong 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
A series of 1-[(1,3-thiazol-2-ylamino)methyl]-2-naphthols were synthesized via one-pot three-component Mannich reaction of 2-aminothiazoles, aldehydes and 2-naphthol under solvent-free conditions. This protocol has advantages of no use of volatile organic solvents and hazardous catalysts. Work-up procedure is simple and yields are high.
Synthesis of novel chromeno[4′,3′-b]pyrano[6,5-b]quinoline derivatives
Authors: Motamedi Radineh 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
New coumarin heteroanalogs were synthesized by condensation of 2-amino-4-aryl-3-cyano-5-oxo-4H,5H-pyrano-[3,2-c]chromenes and 1,3-cyclohexanedione in 35–78% yield.
Efficient synthesis of thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones by a sequential aza-Wittig reaction/base catalyzed cyclization
Authors: Dai Zhong-Xu , Chen Hong , Liu Ming-Guo , Ding Ming-Wu 
Published: December 2011

Abstract7-Benzyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrido[4′,3′:4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones were synthesized by base catalyzed reactions of nucleophilic reagents (aliphatic amines, alcohols or phenols) with carbodiimides4, which in turn were obtained by the aza-Wittig reaction of iminophosphoranes3with aromatic isocyanates.
Effect of lignin and hemicelluloses on the tensile strength of micro-veneers determined at finite span and zero span
Authors: Klüppel André , Mai Carsten 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Scots pine micro-veneers were subjected to hydrolysis with sulphuric acid or delignification with acidic sodium chlorite and a combination of both treatments. The tensile strength of untreated and treated veneers was determined at finite span (f-strength) and zero span (z-strength) under both dry (20°C, 65% relative humidity) and water-saturated conditions. Acidic hydrolysis resulted in significant strength losses in both testing modes and both moisture conditions, with the greatest strength reduction found for f-strength tested dry. After delignification, only f-strength under wet conditions was substantially reduced; dry f-strength and both dry and wet z-strength hardly changed. A combined treatment of prehydrolysis and delignification resulted in disintegration of the veneers, which made strength determination impossible. It was concluded that, in addition to cellulose, the hemicelluloses determine the f-strength under dry conditions, while lignin confers wet strength but appears not to contribute to interfibre adhesion and f-strength under dry conditions.
Surface and internal micro/ultrastructure of TMP fibres produced during high-intensity refining elucidate the development of pulp and paper properties
Authors: Fernando Dinesh , Muhić Dino , Engstrand Per , Daniel Geoffrey 
Published: December 2011

AbstractRefining during mechanical pulping causes delamination and internal fibrillation (D/IF) of the fibre wall and changes the surface ultrastructure. Fundamental knowledge about these phenomena at the fibre cell wall level helps our understanding of the development of pulp and paper properties, which in turn facilitates the optimization of processes, helping to save energy and improve the characteristics of final products. In the present study, pulps were produced by double-disc (DD) refined thermomechanical processes (DD-TMP) and have been characterized at the fibre cell wall micro/ultrastructural level based on Fernando and Daniel’s method (2010) of Simons’ staining and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The pulps studied were never-dried Norway spruce DD-TMP from a full-scale mill trial running under different process conditions; a) varying refining intensity, achieved by using a high-intensity turbine segment (HTS) and a standard (Ref) segment from Metso, and b) varying specific energy consumption (SEC). Improved energy efficiency was obtained with HTS segments, giving adequate or better pulp properties with respect to elongation, light scattering, Canadian Standard Freeness (CSF) at a similar tensile index level and lower energy consumption. Energy efficiency was gained through an elevated degree of D/IF and S2 fibrillation with low energy input. Both the SEC and segment designs had a significant impact on elevating the degree of D/IF. Statistical evaluation of fibre development with respect to D/IF gave evidence for improved energy efficiency in HTS refining. Ultrastructural studies on fibre surfaces showed that HTS refining produced better external fibrillation and leads to exposing the secondary S2 wall as fibre outer layer with different ribbon-type S2 fibrillation. Information obtained at the fibre wall level concerning D/IF and surface ultrastructure contribute to the fundamental knowledge about the pulp and handsheet properties and the energy efficiency of TMP processing.