bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Properties and structure of sulfhemoglobin
Authors: Nijveld H. A. W. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis problem was investigated especially on account of the great number of controversies found in the literature. For a historical review reference is made to the papers of Michel2) and Jung3). A photoelectric colorimeter and a photoelectric spectrometer being of essential importance in this investigation, they are described first. Michel's observation that SHb contains per equivalent one sulphur atom more than normal hemoglobin, was confirmed by analysis of SHb prepared in vivo. This extra sulphur can be split off with bromine, but not with acid or alkali. The molecular weight of SHb is equal to that of normal hemoglobin (68000). By the action of dilute acid about five times as much iron is split off from SHb as from normal hemoglobin (“easily detached iron”). The absorption spectra of several derivatives of SHb are given. It is shown that potassium ferricyanide oxidizes the bivalent iron of SHb to trivalent iron. The compound formed can best be called ferrisulfhemoglobin. A rough calculation of the oxidation potential is given. The action of KCN on ferri‐SHb causes the extra sulphur to be split off from SHb. The spectrum of the compound formed is very similar to that of cyanhemoglobin. An analogous fact is found for the porphyrin and the hemochromogen which can be prepared from SHb. The difference in structure between globin hemochromogen and hemoglobin is discussed. The product formed by the action of hydrogen peroxide and ammonium sulphide on hemoglobin is not, as Michel presumes SHb, but it is probably identical with the verdohemochromogen found by Jung. Experiments are described which show that the empirical reaction equation for the formation of SHb is:

Further, an explanation is given of the fact that it is impossible to convert more than 75% of the Hb into SHb. In conclusion a hypothesis is given concerning the structure of SHb.
The lyotropic behaviour of bivalent cations
Authors: Büchner E. H. , Meylink B. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe depression of the melting point of gelatin by the chlorides of some bivalent metals is determined. The radius of the cation appears to be a dominating factor. The relation between the radius of the ion and the concentration of the salt causing a definite depression is different for cations and anions, and for univalent and bivalent cations. Calcium forms an exception, as it has very nearly the same effect as strontium. The anomalous behaviour of beryllium chloride is discussed.
The influence of traces of water on the plasticity of starch and quartz suspensions in organic media
Authors: Kruyt H. R. , van Selms F. G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSuspensions of starch and quartz in CCl4 and similar media are plastic (thixotropic) only in the presence of water. The yield value is a function of the content of water. The relation between size of particle, water content and yield value was studied.
On a remarkable formation of isocarbostyril from isoquinoline
Authors: Wibaut J. P. , Haaijman P. W. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn connection with the formation. of 2,2′‐diquinolyl by catalytic dehydrogenation of quinoline at about 320° with the aid of a Ni‐Al2O3 catalyst, similar experiments were carried out with isoquinoline. When the latter base is heated with a Ni‐Al2O3 catalyst and the reaction product worked up, a small amount of isocarbostyril is formed; di‐isoquinolyl is not formed.
Die Einwirkung von Aryllithiumverbindungen auf Diarylketone. II. Bildung eines methylsubstituierten Derivats von 1,8‐Dioxy‐1,8‐Diphenyl‐2,3,6,7‐Dibenzcyclooctans bei der Reaktion von Phenyl‐ und 2,6‐Dimethylphenyllithium mit Bis (2,6‐Dimethylphenyl)keton
Authors: Faber Fräulein A. C. , Nauta W. Th. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractDem Produkt, das bei Einwirkung von Phenyl‐ oder 2,6‐Dimethylphenyllithium auf Bis(2,6‐dimethylphenyl)keton an Stelle des erwarteten Triarylcarbinols entsteht, muss die Struktur eines methylsubstituierten 1,8‐Dioxy‐1,8‐diphenyl‐2,3,6,7‐dibenzcyclooctans zuerkannt werden.Bei den vierfach auf den Orthostellen mit Methylgruppen substituierten Diarylketonen tritt durch Einwirkung von Lithiumverbindungen als Zwischenprodukt eine Verbindung auf, welche Lithium in der Seitenkette enthält.
Die Polarisierbarkeit der Alkali‐ und Halogenionen
Authors: Böttcher C. J. F. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe polarizabilities of the alkali and halogen ions are calculated by means of a new method.It is proved that the polarizabilities of the mononuclear ions are constant and not (as Fajans and Joos had to assume) dependent on the surroundings.The values obtained for the alkali ions are in good agreement with those calculated by other writers; the values for the halogen ions are lower than those given by Fajans and Joos, but it is shown that the method they adopted in calculating them was incorrect.
On the three‐phase pressures for solid salt‐solution‐vapour I
Authors: Korvezee A. E. , Dingemans P. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe “characteristic coefficient” k, which is connected with the concentrations and vapour pressures of saturated salt solutions and which was declared by KumeT. Kume, Rev. Physic. Chem. Nippon 10, 73 (1936). Not to the found in a Netherlands library.
) to be a constant and characteristic quantity for each salt, is often found, when tested by the data in the literature, to depend very closely upon the temperature.The relative vapour tension of these solutions, that is the vapour tension divided by that of pure water at the same temperature, indicates, with the addition of a correction, the activity of the water. A simple law is found to be approximately valid for this relative vapour tension: it varies along the three‐phase pressure curves almost always linearly or nearly linearly with the temperature.The activity of the water in several saturated salt solutions is included in the tables.
A high temperature modification of NaNO2
Authors: Strijk B. , Mac Gillavry C. H. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractNaNO2, orthorhombic hemihedral at ordinary temperature, shows an abrupt change in the temperature coefficients of the cell constants at about 158°C. At this same temperature the original strong piezo‐electric effect disappears. The change is very probably caused by the occurrence of two symmetrical sets of atomic positions in “averaged structure”.
Untersuchungen über Indolderivate I. Einleitung. Die Reaktion zwischen Phenacylbromid und primären und sekundären aromatischen Aminen
Authors: Verkade P. E. , Janetzky E. F. J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractEs wird gezeigt, dass die Bildung eines Indols aus einem Arylaminoketon, dem primären Produkt der Reaktion zwischen einem α‐Halogenketon und einem primären oder sekundären aromatischen Amin, zur Zeit allein die Konstitution des Endproduktes berücksichtigend, auf zwei Weisen erfolgen kann, welche durch die Formeln auf S. 771 veranschaulicht werden. Die Indolbildung findet “unter Umlagerung”, oder “unter Ringschliessung” statt.Zur Indolbildung auf diese Weise ist die Anwesenheit eines Katalysators bezw. Pseudokatalysators erforderlich. Als solcher ist besonders das Hydrochlorid der Aminkomponente des Arylaminoketons brauchbar. Die Feststellung dieser Tatsache führte zu einer sehr erheblich verbesserten Ausführungsweise der betreffenden Synthese von im Pyrrolkern alkyl‐ und/oder arylsubstituierten Indolen.
Untersuchungen über Indolderivate. II ). Die Reaktion zwischen Methyl‐α‐brombenzylketon und primären und sekundären aromatischen Aminen
Authors: Verkade P. E. , Janetzky E. F. J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractEs wird die Reaktion zwischen Methyl‐α‐brombenzylketon und Anilin bezw. Monomethylanilin untersucht. Ausgehend von den hierbei primär gebildeten Arylaminoketonen, 1‐Phenyl‐1‐phenylamino‐propanon und 1‐Phenyl‐1‐phenylmethylamino‐propanon, werden mehrere Indole hergestellt.Es wird gezeigt, dass die Unterscheidung zwischen Indolbildung unter Ringschliessung und Indolbildung unter Umlagerung nicht ausreichend ist. Im erstgenannten Falle ist eine weitere Differenzierung zwischen Indolbildung unter “wahrer Ringschliessung” und Indolbildung unter “scheinbarer Ringschliessung” erforderlich.
Pouvoir d'Addition de la Sulfone de Butadiène (Sulfones de Thiophane Substituées en Position‐3)
Authors: Backer H. J. , Strating J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractLa sulfone cyclique non saturée qu'on obtient aux dépens de butadiène et d'anhydride sulfureux s'isomérise en milieu alcalin (déplacement de la double liaison). Outre cet isomère, il se forme le 3‐hydroxy‐1,1‐dioxothiophane, dont la structure est démontrée dans ce mémoire.Ce composé doit avoir pris naissance par addition d'eau à la sulfone non saturée, probablement à la sulfone isomère.II s'est révélé que ce pouvoir d'addition se manifeste également vis‐à‐vis d'autres réactifs. Les auteurs ont préparé des produits d'addition avec des alcools divers, avec un mercaptan et avec une amine.
The crystal structure of NaBiS2 and KBiS2
Authors: Boon J. W. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractNaBiS2 and KBiS2 both have the NaCl structure with Bi3+ and Na+ (resp. K+) in averaged structure. The cell dimensions are 5.76 Å for NaBiS2 and 6.01 Å for KBiS2. The ionic radius of Bi3+ is discussed.
Sur la Dépendance de L'isotherme D'adsorption de la quantité d'adsorbant
Authors: Burgers W. G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractL'adsorption de l'acide acétique en solution aqueuse diluée (normalité 0.01‐0.4; volume de la solution 50 cm3) fut mesurée pour différentes quantités de charbon (1. 2 et 3 grammes). Tandis que la quantité adsorbée spécifique x/m (x = quantité adsorbée par m grammes de charbon) est une fonction décroissante de m, elle est une fonction uniforme de la concentration finale de la solution, indépendamment de la quantité d'adsorbant. Il s'en suit que l'adsorption se produit jusqu'à l'obtention d'un état d'équilibre et que, dans la rangée de concentrations et de quantités d'adsorbant appliquée, la diminution de x/m, m croissant, peut étre attribuée seulement à l'appauvrissement de la solution.
The crystal structure of α‐succinic acid
Authors: Rieck G. D. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe structure of the high‐temperature modification (α‐form) of succinic acid is not monoclinic as described in the literature, but triclinic. Its pseudo monoclinic habitus is caused by the formation of twins. The cell dimensions are determined. Although the atomic positions could not be determined exactly, it is shown that the structure of α‐succinic acid is closely related to that of adipic acid and the higher homologues of the series of even dibasic acids, and differs from those of both forms of oxalic acid and β‐succinic acid.
A kinetic investigation on the hydrolysis of simple aliphatic dicarboxylic tertiary butyl esters: Part I
Authors: Homan J. D. H. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe ratio k1/k2 of the alkaline saponification coefficients for the methyl and ethyl esters of the symmetrical aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, seems to be controled only by a statistical factor 2 and by the effect of the ionic centre in the mono‐ester anion, the hydrolysis of which is characterized by k2.In accordance with the electron repelling effect of the tert. butyl group, a deviating value for k1/k2 in the case of the tert butyl esters was expected. We have studied these esters and compared the data with those of the corresponding methyl and ethyl esters. The latter esters were measured by Ingold in aqueous solution. Since the ditert butyl esters are insoluble in water, they had to be saponified in dioxane‐water mixtures.The kinetic salt and medium effects, which arise upon saponifying the neutral esters and the mono‐ester anions, were studied.A method for finding k2, free of salt effects, is indicated. Furthermore a method is described by which one can deduce k1 for the neutral esters in water from the constants in dioxane‐water mixtures.
Preparation of 4‐pyridylmethanal
Authors: Wibaut J. P. , Kooyman E. C. , Boer H. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA method is described for the preparation of the substance 4‐pyridylmethanal, which has not hitherto been mentioned in the literature, as well as of several derivatives of this compound. The aldehyde is obtained by the action of ozone on 4‐styrylpyridine in hydrochloric acid solution.
On bromopyridines: (59th communication on derivatives of pyridine and quinoline)
Authors: den Hertog H. J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractDescriptions are given of different methods of preparation and proofs of the structure of six bromopyridines (2,3‐dibromo‐, 2,4‐dibromo‐, 3,4‐dibromo‐, 2,3,4‐tribromo‐, 2,4,5‐tribromo‐, and 2,3,4,5‐tetrabromopyridine), while at the same time some of their chemical properties, in particular their reaction with ammonia, are discussed.In conclusion a survey is given of some of the physical properties of the bromopyridines which are now all known; the boiling points of these substances were determined anew.
Atomic polarization and spectral data
Authors: Dekker A. J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractZur Berechnung von Dipolmomenten ist in manchen Fällen die Kenntnis des Anteils der Ultrarot‐Schwingungen an der gesamten Polarisation erforderlich. Die experimentelle Bestimmung von Pa ist meistens sehr schwer, besonders wenn Messungen der Dielektrizitätskonstante an Gasen ausgeführt werden müssen. Es wird eine Methode angegeben, um diese Ultrarotanteile abzuschätzen, wenn Daten aus Raman und Ultrarotspektren vorliegen. Die Berechnungen sind im Anschluss an die Theorie von Mecke für einige Substanzen durchgeführt worden: 3‐atomige (gestreckte und gewinkelte), tetraëderförmige und einige substituierte Benzenmoleküle werden diskutiert.
On a hitherto unobserved 3‐pyridine compound occurring in human urine
Authors: Roggen J. C. 
Published: September 2010

Im menschlichen Harn kommt ein 3‐Pyridinderivat vor, das sich nach saurer oder alkalischer Hydrolyse des Harns nicht nachweisen lässt, da es keine oder eine nur sehr schwache König'sche Reaktion giebt.Diese Verbindung ist verschieden von allen bisher beschriebenen Abkömmlingen der Nikotinsäure und entsteht auch nicht aus solchen während der Aufarbeitung des Harns. Nach Verabfolgung von Nikotinsäure scheint die Menge etwas zuzunehmen.Es wird eine Bestimmungsmethode angegeben; die Substanz lässt sich durch energische Permanganatoxydation zu Nikotinsäure abbauen.
Substituted 2‐phenylazocrotonic acid esters: (The reaction between α‐halogen ketones and phenylhydrazine derivatives II )
Authors: van Alphen J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSubstituted 2‐phenylazocrotonic acid esters were prepared by the action of phenylhydrazines substituted in the phenyl nucleus on 2‐chloroacetylacetic acid ethyl ester, and the reaction of several reagents on the product was investigated. In contrast to the case with the unsubstituted 2‐phenylazocrotonic acid ethyl ester, the product of the action of ozone or nascent hydrogen could here be isolated in a pure state in several cases.
Teneur en Hydrates de Carbone et „Facteur D'albumine”︁ de la Chair de Moule (II)
Authors: Gerritsen D. J. , van Pelt J. G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractPendant toute une année, nous avons, à peu près tous les quinze jours, determiné les cendres, les matières grasses, l'azote et les hydrates de carbone dans des moules.Les valeurs que nous avons trouvées (par détermination directe) pour la teneur en hydrates de carbone se révèlent beaucoup plus élevées que celles qui ont été trouvées par Vande Velde (également par détermination directe, mais par un autre procédé) mais sont inférieures aux valeurs qui sont données dans la littérature et qui sont obtenues en effectuant la soustraction: 100 ‐ (cendres + graisses + N × 6,25).Nos déterminations conduisent à un “facteur d'albumine” d'une valeur moyenne de 7,0. Les écarts de cette moyenne sont cependant tels que le calcul de la teneur en hydrates de carbone à partir de cette valeur moyenne du “facteur d'albumine” doit étre, en général, déconseillé.
The orientation of the COOC2H5‐group in the condensation product of malonic ester and β‐aminocrotonic acid ester
Authors: Kooyman E. C. , Wibaut J. P. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA proof is given that in the condensation product formed by the interaction of malonic ester and β‐aminocrotonic acid ester, namely 2‐methyl‐4,6‐dihydroxypyridine‐carboxylic acid ester, the COOC2H5‐group occupies the 5‐position.This was effected by exchanging the hydroxyl groups for chlorine atoms and subsequently replacing these atoms by hydrogen atoms. The structure of the resulting 2‐methylpyridine‐carboxylic acid ester was established by conversion into the corresponding picrate, carboxylic acid and amide. The identities of these compounds with 2‐methylpyridine‐5‐carboxylic acid ester‐picrate, 2‐methylpyridine‐5‐carboxylic acid and ‐amide were proved by mixed melting points with samples of these substances prepared from 2‐methyl‐5‐ethyl‐pyridine.
Computation of the radius and the polarizability of a number of ions
Authors: Böttcher C. J. F. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractFrom measurements of the refractive index and the density of aqueous electrolyte solutions, the radius and the polarizability of the ions Cl−, Br−, I, NO3−, ClO4−, SO4−, NH4+, Rb+, Cs+, Sr++ and Ba++ are calculated, also the polarizability of the ions Na+, K+ and Ca++.
La disulfanilylguanidine
Authors: Backer H. J. , Moed H. D. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractCe mémoire décrit la préparation et les propriétés de la disulfanilyl‐guanidine. Son activité antibactérienne “in vitro” est plus faible que celle de la sulfanilyl‐guanidine. “In vivo” elle ne présente pas d'activité.
The reaction between α‐halogenoketones and some hydrazine derivatives: (The reaction between α‐halogenoketones and phenylhydrazine, IV)
Authors: van Alphen J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe reactions between some α‐halogenoketones and benzoylhydrazine or 4‐phenylsemicarbazide have been investigated. In these cases it appears that compounds with the grouping, ‐N: N‐C: C‐, are not produced, or at least not directly.
Determination of the structure of some tetrachloropropenes by means of Raman spectra
Authors: Gerding H. , Prins H. J. , Rijnders G. W. A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA tetrachloropropene mixture obtained by the action of alcoholic potash solutions upon 1,1,2,3,3‐pentachloropropane was fractionally distilled in a vacuum. The Raman spectra of the fractions and of the hexachloropropanes obtained by addition of chlorine to the two head fractions of practically constant boiling temperature proved that chiefly two stereoisomers (cis and trans) are present, accompanied by a small amount of the third possible isomer 1,1,3,3‐tetrachloropropene‐1 in the highest boiling fraction. The two stereoisomers could be isolated; they are present in about the same amount.
Humin from hydroxymethylfurfuraldehyde
Authors: Blanksma J. J. , Egmond G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractPure hydroxymethylfurfuraldehyde when heated in aqueous solution under pressure to 130° in presence of a small amount of oxalic or hydrochloric acid affords a black, carbonaceous humin, which agrees completely in characteristics and in composition with the humin produced as a by‐product in the preparation of laevulic acid by boiling hexoses with dilute sulphuric or hydrochloric acid, thus proving that hydroxymethylfurfuraldehyde is an intermediate product in the formation of humin from hexoses.
On the sweet taste of the 1‐halogeno‐2‐amino‐4‐nitrobenzenes
Authors: Blanksma J. J. , van den Broek W. J. , Hoegen D. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIt has been shown previously that 1‐alkoxy‐2‐amino‐4‐nitrobenzenes are very sweet compoundsJ. J. Blanksma and P. W. M. van der Weyden, Rec. trav. chim. 59, 629 (1940).
). The 1‐halogeno‐2‐amino‐4‐nitrobenzenes have now been investigated as a continuation of this research. These compounds are also sweet. The heavier the atomic weight of the halogen atom the sweeter is the taste and the higher the melting point, while the volatility in steam and the solubility in water decrease. The melting points and the degree of sweetness are given in a table. The acyl derivatives are tasteless. 1‐Halogeno‐2‐nitro‐4‐aminobenzenes are tasteless, non‐volatile in steam and their acyl derivatives are also tasteless.
Order‐disorder transformations in the lattice of organic molecules. III.: The crystal structure of C(SCH3)4 above 23.2°C
Authors: Perdok W. G. , Terpstra P. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn this article the crystal structure of tetramethyl‐orthothiocarbonate C(SCH3)4 above 23.2° C is described. Modification II, which is stable between 23.2 and 45.5° C is tetragonal, space group I 4/mmm (D174h), Z = 2, a = 8.17 Å, c = 7.96 Å.Modification III, which is stable from 45.5° C up to the melting point at 65.7° C is cubic, space group Im3m (09h ), Z = 2, a = 8.15 Å. The symmetry of the molecule can be brought into agreement with the high point symmetry of its position in the lattice, if it is assumed a) that the CS4 group can occupy a number of equivalent positions in the packing of the methyl groups and b) that the methyl groups can occupy more than one position with respect to the CS4 group.
Diameter changes of gelatinized coacervate drops of the complex coacervate gelatine‐gum arabic resulting from a change in the pH of, or from the addition of neutral salts to the surrounding medium. I
Authors: de Jong H. G. Bungenberg , Landsmeer J. M. F. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract1. A microscopic method is developed for the measurement of diameter changes of gelatinized coacervate drops.2. The influence of the pH and with constant pH (3.7) the influence of neutral salts is investigated on the gelatinized complex coacervate gelatine (positive)‐gum arabic (negative).3. Upon variation of the pH the diameter passes through a minimum lying very close to the pH (3.7) at which, with the given ratio of mixing of gelatine and gum arabic, complex coacervation is optimum (where for example the water content of the coacervate is a minimum).4. In the regions of smaller salt concentrations the diameter changes are reversible, at higher concentrations irreversible.5. The reversible change due to the addition of a salt is a swelling. For this swelling the double valence rule holds:3‐1>2‐1 > 1‐1 and 1‐3 > 1‐2 > 1‐1.6. The position of the minimum of the swelling‐pH curve, the swelling with salts and the thereby prevailing double valence rule are in agreement with the conception that in the gelatinization of the complex coacervate the typical complex relations (electrostatic attraction versus water content) have been retained. The complex gel which results is distinghuised from the complex coacervate only by the coherence of the positively charged gelatine to a gel structure.
Untersuchungen über Indolderivate. VII . Die Reaktion zwischen Methyl‐α‐bromäthylketon und primären und sekundären aromatischen Aminen
Authors: Janetzky E. F. J. , Verkade P. E. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn Fortsetzung von früheren Untersuchungen wird die Reaktion von Methyl‐α‐bromäthylketon mit mehreren primären aromatischen Aminen (Anilin, o‐, m‐ und p‐Toluidin, p‐Bromanilin und p‐Anisidin) und mit zwei sekundären aromatischen Aminen (Monomethyl‐ und Monoäthylanilin) untersucht.
Optical rotation and atomic dimension. Experimental progress on the walden inversion
Authors: Brauns H. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn continuation of the series of articles on optical rotation and atomic dimension, an improved method of chlorination, bromination an iodination has been devised and applied to optically active methylpropylcarbinol and methylhexycarbinol. The results show not only that the parallelism between optical rotation and atomic dimension, which was postulated at the beginning of this series, is confirmed, but further that progress has been made in insight into the Walden inversion.