bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thrombocytopenia-related outcome and pattern in preterm neonates hospitalized in neonatology unit: A single-center experience
Authors: Jain Sambhav , Gaur Bablu Kumar , Sharma Manish , Singh Rupa Rajbhandari 
Published: May 2024

Abstract:

BACKGROUNDS:
In preterm newborns, thrombocytopenia is one of the most often observed hematologic findings. Most cases of thrombocytopenia are mild to moderate, self-limiting, and have a short duration; nevertheless, in rare cases, it can result in serious complications including pulmonary hemorrhage that lead to death and morbidity.

OBJECTIVES:
The objective of this study was to identify the pattern, risk factors, and outcome of thrombocytopenia in preterm neonates hospitalized in a tertiary-level neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
All sick preterm neonates who developed thrombocytopenia within the first 28 days of life admitted to the NICU were included. A platelet count was performed at presentation time and as needed after that. Thrombocytopenia-related morbidities (intraventricular hemorrhage, pulmonary hemorrhage, and sepsis), mortality, and risk factors were analyzed concerning severity (mild, moderate, and severe) and age of thrombocytopenia onset (early and late) in preterm neonates.

RESULTS:
A total of 100 preterm neonates were admitted to our NICU. Of these, 48% of neonates developed thrombocytopenia. In terms of severity, mild, moderate, and severe thrombocytopenia were present in 62.5%, 37.5%, and 16.7% of newborns, respectively. The prevalent risk factors for late-onset thrombocytopenia (LOT) were necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and late-onset sepsis; for early-onset thrombocytopenia, the risk factors were pregnancy-induced hypertension and early-onset sepsis. Neonates with sepsis, severe birth asphyxia, and NEC were significantly associated with severe thrombocytopenia (P < 0.001). Thrombocytopenia-related morbidities and mortality were significantly higher among moderate-to-severe thrombocytopenia cases (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:
Sepsis was the most common risk factor associated with severe and LOT. Compared to mild/moderate thrombocytopenia, severe thrombocytopenia required more platelet transfusions, was associated with major bleeding manifestations, and had a higher mortality rate. When caring for premature newborns, these issues need to be taken into account.
An audit of evolving colonoscopy practice in two tertiary hospitals in South-East Nigeria
Authors: Ekwunife Christopher Nonso , Osuagwu Chukwuemeka , Enendu Stephen E. , Onyekpere Chigozirim , Ekwunife Chinelo Uzoamaka 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Colonoscopy is quite essential in the management of gastrointestinal pathologies. Its practice in most developing countries is suboptimal.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to determine the common indications and findings at colonoscopy in a patient population in South-eastern Nigeria, as well as to assess the documentation of quality indicators of colonoscopy service.

Materials and Methods:
The endoscopy records of patients who underwent colonoscopy at two tertiary institutions (Federal Medical Centre, Owerri and Imo State University Teaching Hospital, Orlu) from January 2014 to December 2016 were reviewed. Information on patient demographics, colonoscopy indications, colonoscopy findings, and polyp detection were sought for. Data analysis was done with SPSS version 21.

Results:
Two hundred and nineteen patients had colonoscopy within the period. Age range of the patients was 16 to 94 years (mean age: 55 ± 14.8 years). The most common indications for colonoscopy were bleeding per rectum 100 (45.7%) and change in bowel habit 36 (16.4%). Tumors in the colon/rectum were seen in 44 (19.9%) patients and polyp detection rate was 10.9% (n = 24). Records were not comprehensively kept.

Conclusion:
The high percentage of findings of tumors in patients undergoing colonoscopy in our population suggests that this service should have an expanded coverage to enable earlier diagnosis of colorectal malignancies. A better endoscopy record and data management will also be helpful.
A short proof of a variant of the round-robin scheduling problem
Authors: Busenhart Chris , Leuenberger Christoph , Wasem Micha , Xu William 
Published: May 2024

Suppose

2n

people participate in a sports tournament that consists of multiple rounds. In each round, two teams of

n

people are formed to play against each other. We require that every two players play at least once in opposing teams and once in the same team. For this variant of the round-robin scheduling problem, an explicit formula for the minimum number of rounds needed to satisfy both conditions has recently been published. In this short note, an alternative and short proof of this is given.
Modeling the Cost of Vaccinating a Measles Zero-Dose Child in Zambia Using Three Vaccination Strategies
Authors: Mak Joshua , Patenaude Bryan N. , Mutembo Simon , Pilewskie Monica E. , Winter Amy K. , Moss William J. , Carcelen Andrea C. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT.
Countries with moderate to high measles-containing vaccine coverage face challenges in reaching the remaining measles zero-dose children. There is growing interest in targeted vaccination activities to reach these children. We developed a framework for prioritizing districts for targeted measles and rubella supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) for Zambia in 2020, incorporating the use of the WHO’s Measles Risk Assessment Tool (MRAT) and serosurveys. This framework was used to build a model comparing the cost of vaccinating one zero-dose child under three vaccination scenarios: standard nationwide SIA, targeted subnational SIA informed by MRAT, and targeted subnational SIA informed by both MRAT and measles seroprevalence data. In the last scenario, measles seroprevalence data are acquired via either a community-based serosurvey, residual blood samples from health facilities, or community-based IgG point-of-contact rapid diagnostic testing. The deterministic model found that the standard nationwide SIA is the least cost-efficient strategy at 13.75 USD per zero-dose child vaccinated. Targeted SIA informed by MRAT was the most cost-efficient at 7.63 USD per zero-dose child, assuming that routine immunization is just as effective as subnational SIA in reaching zero-dose children. Under similar conditions, a targeted subnational SIA informed by both MRAT and seroprevalence data resulted in 8.17–8.35 USD per zero-dose child vaccinated, suggesting that use of seroprevalence to inform SIA planning may not be as cost prohibitive as previously thought. Further refinement to the decision framework incorporating additional data may yield strategies to better target the zero-dose population in a financially feasible manner.
VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AS A FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOMES
Authors: Леваков С.А. , Громова Т.А. , Латфуллина Р. 
Published: May 2024

В течение последних нескольких лет определяется актуальность проблемы влияния дефицита витамина D на репродуктивное здоровье женщин. В данном литературном обзоре освещается как его роль в прегравидарной подготовке, так и действие в системе мать – плацента – плод во время беременности. Дефицит витамина D также рассматривается в качестве фактора развития таких акушерских осложнений, как преэклампсия, синдром задержки роста плода, развитие угрозы прерывания беременности, выкидыша и преждевременных родов.
Over the past few years, the relevance of the problem of the impact of vitamin D deficiency on women’s reproductive health has been determined. This literature review examines its role in preconception preparation and its action in the mother-placenta-fetus system during pregnancy. Also, vitamin D deficiency is considered as a factor in the development of obstetric complications such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction syndrome, the development of threatened miscarriage, miscarriage and premature birth.
EFFICACY AND SAFETY EVALUATION OF NON-SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA (CIN 1–2) WITH ORAL DIINDOLYLMETHANE
Authors: Леваков С.А. , Громова Т.А. , Джафарова М.М. , Кавиладзе М.Г. 
Published: May 2024

Цель исследования: изучить эффективность и безопасность применения вагинальных суппозиториев на основе дииндолилметана у женщин с гистологически подтвержденной цервикальной интраэпителиальной неоплазией 1–2-й степени (CIN 1–2). Материал и методы. В рандомизированное исследование были включены 100 пациенток в возрасте от 18 до 45 лет. Основную группу составили 60 пациенток, группу контроля – 40. Пациентки основной группы получали препарат Цервикон-ДИМ в дозировке 100 мг 2 раза в сутки в течение 3 месяцев, пациентки контрольной группы – плацебо. Период наблюдения составил 3 месяца. В обеих группах проведен анализ данных цитологического исследования, ВПЧ-инфекции, кольпоскопии при контрольном осмотре пациенток через 3 месяца после начала лечения. Результаты. Результаты исследования подтвердили положительное влияние препарата Цервикон-ДИМ на элиминацию папилломавирусной инфекции, а также регресс неопластических процессов шейки матки слабой и умеренной степени (CIN 1–2). Заключение. Препарат Цервикон-ДИМ в дозировке 100 мг 2 раза в сутки характеризуется хорошей переносимостью без значительно выраженных побочных эффектов. В данном рандомизированном клиническом исследовании мы наблюдали высокий уровень клинически значимого регресса подтвержденных CIN 1–2 в основной группе исследования. Следовательно, женщинам с ВПЧ-инфекцией и CIN 1–2 целесообразно назначение препарата Цервикон-ДИМ в дозировке 100 мг 2 раза в сутки в течение 3 месяцев.
Purpose of the study. To study the efficacy and safety of the use of vaginal suppositories of diindolylmethane in women with histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 1–2 (CIN 1–2). Material and methods. Our study was randomized and included 100 patients aged 18 to 45 years. The group included 60 patients, and the control group – 40. The patients who were included mainly used the drug Cervicon-DIM at a dosage of 100 mg 2 times a day for 3 months. The observation period was 3 months. An analysis was made of data from cytological examination, HPV infection, and colposcopy during a follow-up examination of patients in the main group and the group receiving placebo, 3 months after the start of treatment. Results. The results of our study confirmed the fact of the positive production of the drug Cervicon-DIM for the elimination of human papillomavirus infection, as well as the regression of neoplastic processes of the cervix of mild and moderate severity (CIN 1–2). Conclusion. Cervicon-DIM at a dosage of 100 mg 2 times a day is well tolerated without significant stimulant effects. In this randomized clinical trial, we observed a high rate of initial regression of confirmed CIN 1–2 in the main study group. Consequently, today, with HPV infection and with CIN 1–2, the main prescription of the drug Cervicon-DIM is at a dosage of 100 mg 2 times a day for 3 months.
Regional Development and The Direction for Regional Development: Empirical Study in Bogor Regency (Sectoral and Spatial Approaches)
Authors: Rachmawatie Dessy 
Published: May 2024

The regional approach aims to identify, analyze and evaluate the extent of regional development carried out by local governments, as well as to achieve regional development whether it is in accordance with the characteristics of the region. Bogor Regency plays an important role as a buffer area for DKI Jakarta. The high regional development and economic growth of DKI Jakarta has caused high population growth and high economic growth in Bogor Regency. However, the high economic growth does not guarantee economic equality in the region. The purpose of this study is to analyze and map regional development in Bogor Regency based on regional hierarchy and analyze the extent of equitable distribution of economic activities in Bogor Regency. The analsysis method used is using Regional Hierarchy Analysis and Overlay by Geographic Information System. The data used in this study used data on Gross Regional Domestic Income (GRDI). The results showed that the Regional Development Index in Bogor Regency in total continued to increase. However, if observed, the value of the coefficient of variation shows a significant increase. This shows an increase in inequality during that period of 32.057 percent.
DOENÇA DE ALZHEIMER: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA
Authors: Francisca da Silva Alexsandra , Christian de Oliveira Felix Hugo , Maria dos Santos Gisele , Leticia Loureiro Mafra Samara , Paula Alves dos Santos Ana , Sylvana Alves da Costa Barbosa Débora , Stephany Rocha de Lima Emilly , Maria do Valle Santos Wilka 
Published: May 2024

A Doença de Alzheimer (DA) é um transtorno neurodegenerativo progressivo e fatal que se manifesta pela deterioração cognitiva e da memória, comprometimento progressivo das atividades de vida diária e uma variedade de sintomas neuropsiquiátricos e de alterações comportamentais, é um processo patológico progressivo que cursa com diferentes estágios clínicos, sendo que a demência ocorre em um estágio em que as alterações patológicas já estão disseminadas. Objetivo: Descrever a patologia, as manifestações da doença e os fatores de risco. Matérias e métodos: trata-se de um estudo com abordagem qualitativa, sendo uma revisão narrativa, com parâmetros de inclusão artigos publicados na íntegra nos últimos 10 anos, referente a publicações do período compreendido entre de 2014 e 2024 em inglês, espanhol e português. Resultados e discussão: A fase de demência leve caracteriza-se por piora progressiva dos sintomas amnésticos, associada a transtornos cognitivos. Na fase de demência moderada, o paciente torna-se mais dependente para as atividades instrumentais da vida cotidiana. Na fase de demência grave, o paciente é totalmente dependente, com memória reduzida a fragmentos de informações, desorientação temporal e pessoal. Conclusão: Tendo em vista que a Doença de Alzheimer é um processo patológico progressivo, incurável e fatal, com estágios evolutivos agressivos e fatores de riscos diversos, ficam as equipes de saúde multidisciplinar responsável por identificar possíveis sinais e sintomas que venham caracterizar um provável diagnóstico, para o melhor tratamento e cuidados, diminuindo desta forma os problemas deste grupo social.
Towards Predicting the Quality of Red Wine Using Novel Machine Learning Methods for Classification, Data Visualization, and Analysis
Authors: Niyogisubizo Jovial , Ninteretse Jean de Dieu , Nziyumva Eric , Nshimiyimana Marc , Murwanashyaka Evariste , Habiyakare Erneste 
Published: May 2024

There is a growing concern among consumers and the wine industry regarding the quality of wine. Traditionally, wine experts determined its quality through tasting, which was time-consuming. Therefore, there is a need to predict wine quality based on specific key features to streamline these tasks. Technological developments like machine learning approaches have replaced human assessments with computational methods. However, some of these methods have faced criticism due to their low accuracy and lack of interpretability for humans. In this paper, a stacking ensemble method is introduced and demonstrates superior predictive performance when compared to other classification techniques like logistic regression, decision trees, gradient boosting, adaptive boosting (AdaBoost), and random forest. This evaluation is based on classification metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-Score, all under the same conditions. Additionally, outlier detection algorithms were employed to identify exceptional or subpar wines, though their results did not match the accuracy of classification approaches. Lastly, a feature analysis study was conducted to assess the significance of each feature in the model’s performance.

Received: 3 November 2023 | Revised: 21 February 2024 | Accepted: 28 April 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in UCI machine learning repository at https://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/datasets/wine+quality.
The technical details, code, and data can be accessed by visiting the link: https://github.com/jovialniyo93/red_wine_quality_prediction.

Author Contribution Statement
Jovial Niyogisubizo: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Project administration. Jean de Dieu Ninteretse: Validation, Formal analysis, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing. Eric Nziyumva: Validation, Formal analysis, Resources, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Supervision. Marc Nshimiyimana: Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization. Evariste Murwanashyaka: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision. Erneste Habiyakare: Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision.
Hacia una metodología para evaluar la transparencia en las páginas web de gobiernos locales argentinos
Authors: Martín Furnari Diego 
Published: May 2024

El artículo propone la descripción de una metodología para la construcción de un índice de transparencia de las páginas web locales en la Argentina a partir de la definición de componentes, dimensiones e indicadores ponderados.
Para ello se propone la identificación de trabajos o antecedentes en la materia, para luego construir un marco teórico respecto del concepto de transparencia (en sentido amplio). Como consecuencia del análisis de dicho corpus se describe el trabajo metodológico para la construcción del índice y sus indicadores ponderados. Como consecuencia de lo anterior se exponen un conjunto de antecedentes y discusiones teóricas relevantes (con la primacía de una mirada restringida de la transparencia) y se identifica la necesidad de complementar los instrumentos existentes con un sistema de clasificación en base a las dimensiones y componentes definidos.
Para ello se propone la identificación de trabajos o antecedentes en la materia, para luego construir un marco teórico respecto del concepto de transparencia (en sentido amplio). Como consecuencia del análisis de dicho corpus se describe el trabajo metodológico para la construcción del índice y sus indicadores ponderados. Como consecuencia de lo anterior se exponen un conjunto de antecedentes y discusiones teóricas relevantes (con la primacía de una mirada restringida de la transparencia) y se identifica la necesidad de complementar los instrumentos existentes con un sistema de clasificación en base a las dimensiones y componentes definidos.
Classification of synoptic circulation patterns with a two-stage clustering algorithm using the modified structural similarity index metric (SSIM)
Authors: Winderlich Kristina , Dalelane Clementine , Walter Andreas 
Published: May 2024

Abstract. We develop a new classification method for synoptic circulation patterns with the aim to extend the evaluation routine for climate simulations. This classification is applicable to any region of the globe of any size given the reference data. Its unique novelty is the use of the modified structural similarity index metric (SSIM) instead of traditional distance metrics for cluster building. This classification method combines two classical clustering algorithms used iteratively, hierarchical agglomerative clustering (HAC) and k-medoids, with only one pre-set parameter – the threshold on the similarity between two synoptic patterns expressed as the structural similarity index measure (SSIM). This threshold is set by the user to imitate the human perception of the similarity between two images (similar structure, luminance, and contrast), whereby the number of final classes is defined automatically. We apply the SSIM-based classification method to the geopotential height at the pressure level of 500 hPa from the ERA-Interim reanalysis data for 1979–2018 and demonstrate that the built classes are (1) consistent with the changes in the input parameter, (2) well-separated, (3) spatially stable, (4) temporally stable, and (5) physically meaningful. We demonstrate an exemplary application of the synoptic circulation classes obtained with the new classification method for evaluating Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) historical climate simulations and an alternative reanalysis (for comparison purposes): output fields of CMIP6 simulations (and of the alternative reanalysis) are assigned to the classes and the Jensen–Shannon distance is computed for the match in frequency, transition, and duration probabilities of these classes. We propose using this distance metric to supplement a set of commonly used metrics for model evaluation.
AutoATES v2.0: Automated Avalanche Terrain Exposure Scale mapping
Authors: Toft Håvard B. , Sykes John , Schauer Andrew , Hendrikx Jordy , Hetland Audun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Avalanche risk assessment is complex and challenging, with terrain assessment as one of the most fundamental factors. To aid people's terrain assessment, Parks Canada developed the Avalanche Terrain Exposure Scale (ATES), a system that classifies the severity of avalanche terrain into five classes from non-avalanche terrain to extreme terrain. Manual classification is laborious and dependent on expert's assessments. To ease the process Larsen et al. (2020) developed an automated ATES model (AutoATES v1.0). Although the model allowed large-scale mapping, it had some significant limitations. This paper presents an improved AutoATES v2.0 model improving the potential release area (PRA) model, utilizing the new Flow-Py runout simulation package. Furthermore, it incorporates forest density data in the PRA, in Flow-Py, and in a newly developed post-forest-classification step. AutoATES v2.0 has also been rewritten in open-source software, making it more widely available. The paper includes a validation of the model measured against two consensus maps made by three experts at two different locations in western Canada. For Bow Summit, the F1 score (a measure of how well the model performs) improved from 64 % to 77 %. For Connaught Creek, the F1 score improved from 40 % to 71 %. The main challenge limiting large-scale ATES classification is the determination of optimal input parameters for different regions and climates. In areas where AutoATES v2.0 is applied, it can be a valuable tool for avalanche risk assessment and decision-making. Ultimately, our goal is for AutoATES v2.0 to enable efficient, regional-scale, and potentially global ATES mapping in a standardized manner rather than based solely on expert judgment.