bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental diseases, recognition for care: A qualitative study of nurses’ perceptions
Authors: Bolgeo Tatiana , Di Matteo Roberta , Gardalini Menada , Ruta Federico , Iacorossi Laura , Gambalunga Francesca , Maconi Antonio 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims to investigate hospital nurses' perceptions of illness due to environmental exposures.DesignA qualitative exploratory study, designed in accordance with the specified reporting guidelines for qualitative research.SampleNurses working in Italian hospitals.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were used to collect data, then evaluated using the framework analysis methodology. Data collection was from January to June 2022 and analysed from July to September 2022.ResultsForty‐two nurses were interviewed. Data analysis revealed three themes: 1) the concept of disease in relation to environmental exposure; 2) the dangers of chemical and physical substances; 3) environmental changes cause concern and a sense of helplessness for the future.ConclusionsThe results suggest the need for specific training on topics related to environmental disease types, environmental exposure, preventive measures, health promotion, and environmental impact to support professional development and support nurses in the management of this important aspect of health care.
Helium‐isotope constraints on palaeoceanographic change and sedimentation rates during precession cycles (Cenomanian Scaglia Bianca Formation, central Italy)
Authors: Lucas James R. , Batenburg Sietske J. , Hillegonds Darren J. , Mabry Jennifer C. , Jenkyns Hugh C. , Ballentine Chris J. , Robinson Stuart A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFor much of the pelagic sedimentary record, time control is limited to the resolution of precession cycles (ca 20 kyr): the Milankovitch parameter that forms the most detailed metronome for the Cenozoic and Mesozoic Eras. The influence of precession is often detected in lithological alternations, where the duration represented by individual lithologies is not well constrained. Here the novel technique of extraterrestrial helium abundance (3HeET) is used to investigate the sedimentation dynamics and palaeoceanography within individual precessional cycles. High‐resolution 3HeET timescales were produced for four precession cycles from the rhythmically bedded Scaglia Bianca Formation, a sequence of Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian) deep‐marine pelagic limestones from central Italy that are well characterized by cyclostratigraphy. Using 3HeET concentrations as a proxy for sedimentation rate allows instantaneous sedimentation rates and organic‐carbon mass accumulation rates to be calculated for each bed within a precession cycle. Eccentricity is known to modulate the amplitude of precession forcing, and precession cycles deposited under eccentricity maxima and minima were selected for comparison. Lithological changes through these chert–(black shale)–limestone cycles are explained using the concept of ‘palaeoenvironmental thresholds’; these timescale calculations indicate that when the amplitude of precessional insolation forcing was greatest (at eccentricity maxima) the palaeoenvironmental system spent longer in the more nutrient‐rich environment under which siliceous and organic‐rich sediments were deposited, reflecting increased time spent above a ‘threshold’ insolation level. Estimates of primary productivity are relatively elevated for organic‐rich beds. An increase in the flux of terrestrial helium (4Heterr) during the deposition of cherts may have been coincident with an increase in terrestrially derived nutrients. The presented results indicate great potential for the use of 3HeET to understand past oceanographic, climatic and sedimentological processes at high temporal resolution.
Genetic polymorphisms in IL‐2, IL‐10 and FOXP3 are associated with autoimmune neutropenia in early childhood and autoantibody specificity in a Danish cohort
Authors: Kløve‐Mogensen Kirstine , Steffensen Rudi , Masmas Tania Nicole , Glenthøj Andreas , Jensen Christina Friis , Ratcliffe Paul , Höglund Petter , Hasle Henrik , Nielsen Kaspar René , Haunstrup Thure Mors 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAutoimmune neutropenia (AIN) in early childhood is characterized by chronic neutropenia and positivity for human neutrophil antibodies (HNA), resulting in the excessive destruction of neutrophils. The association between regulatory T cells (Tregs) and AIN has been described, and in this study, we investigated three Treg‐associated genes, IL‐2, IL‐10 and FOXP3. The frequencies of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL‐2 −330T>G (rs2069762), +114G>T (rs2069763) and IVS3‐116 A>G (rs2069772), four SNPs in IL‐10 −3575T>A (rs1800890), −1082G>A (rs1800896), −819 C>T (rs1800871) and −592 C>A (rs1800872) and three SNPs in FOXP3 –3499 A>G (rs3761547), −3279 C>A (rs3761548) and −924 A>G (rs2232365) were compared between 166 Danish AIN patients and 358 healthy controls. Disease association was observed for IL‐2 IVS3‐116 GG (p = 0.0081, OR = 0.35 [0.15–0.80]), IL‐10 −3575 TT (p = 0.0078, OR = 1.71 [1.16–2.54]) and IL‐10 −1082 AA (p = 0.014, OR = 1.76 [1.14–2.72]) in all patients and FOXP3 –924 (p = 0.0005, A OR = 0.41 [0.25–0.68] and G OR = 2.42 [1.46–4.01]) in male patients. None of the associations were linked to antibody specificity. Disease‐associated haplotypes were observed in IL‐2 and FOXP3. IL‐2 −330T/+114 T/IVS3‐116A was associated with anti‐FcγRIIIb‐positive patients (p = 0.012, OR = 2.07 [1.18–3.62]). FOXP3 –3499A/–3279C/−924A was associated with anti‐HNA‐1a‐positive male patients (p = 0.016, OR = 0.41 [0.20–0.83]), and ACG was associated with female patients, both in the combined group (p = 0.006, OR = NA) and the anti‐FcγRIIIb‐positive group (p = 0.002, OR = NA). We conclude that our findings reveal a correlation between SNP in Treg‐associated genes and AIN, indicating that AIN could be driven by dysfunction of immune homeostatic‐evolving Tregs.
Environmental regulations in developing countries and the span of firms' production stages: Evidence from China
Authors: Peng Shuijun , Wu Lamei , Zhang Liang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDespite the well‐established tradeoff between economic development and environmental protection, research on the economic costs of alleviating pollution, especially from the perspective of global value chain upgradation, is scarce. In 2006, in its Eleventh Five‐Year Plan, the Chinese government implemented strict environmental regulations against air pollution. We examine the causal effect of these environmental regulations – which were stricter for higher pollution emission provinces compared with lower pollution emission provinces – on Chinese firms' span of production stages after the policy shock. A difference‐in‐difference‐in‐differences estimation reveals that, first, environmental regulations have a significantly negative effect on firms' span of production stages that robustness checks corroborate; second, the negative effects of environmental regulations on firms' span of production stages are realised through the simultaneous decline in import upstreamness and increase in export upstreamness. Heterogeneity tests indicate that the effects are more significant for firms in eastern China, and foreign‐owned firms; finally, the negative effects are manifested through the emission‐related input and output, productivity, and innovation mechanisms. Meanwhile, there are significant emission reduction effects. These results have implications on environmental policies in developing countries in terms of reiterating the need to achieve the dual objectives of environmental protection and global value chain upgradation.
Design, Fabrication, and Validation of a Portable Perturbation Treadmill for Balance Recovery Research
Authors: Knutson Robert G. , Whitten Justin , Graham David , Shankwitz Craig , Pew Corey A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Trips and falls are a major concern for older adults. The resulting injury and loss of mobility can have a significant impact on quality of life. An emerging field of study, known as Perturbation Training, has been shown to reduce injury rates associated with trips and falls in older adults. Treadmills traditionally used for Perturbation Training are large, expensive, and immobile, forcing users to travel long distances to receive care. A portable treadmill would serve a larger portion of the at-risk population than current methods. We developed a portable, low-cost, twin-belt perturbation treadmill capable of high-intensity Perturbation Training. Belt speeds are controlled by a custom mechanical and software interface, allowing operators with no programming experience to control the device. The treadmill can accommodate users up to 118 kg and provides a maximum acceleration and speed of 12 m/s2 and 3.3 m/s, respectively, under full load. The total weight is 180 kg, and the treadmill can be moved like a wheelbarrow, with handles in the back and wheels in the front. The prototype was validated with mechanical and human participant testing, showing it as a viable device for Perturbation Training. In this paper, we will go over the design, fabrication, and validation processes used to create the Portable Perturbation Treadmill.
Increased frequencies of highly activated regulatory T cells skewed to a T helper 1-like phenotype with reduced suppressive capacity in dengue patients
Authors: Sann Sotheary , Heng Borita , Vo Hoa Thi My , Arroyo Hornero Rebeca , Lay Sokchea , Sorn Sopheak , Ken Sreymom , Ou Tey Putita , Laurent Denis , Yay Chantana , Ly Sowath , Dussart Philippe , Duong Veasna , Sakuntabhai Anavaj , Kleinewietfeld Markus , Cantaert Tineke 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

The pathogenesis of dengue involves a complex interplay between the viral factor and the host immune response. A mismatch between the infecting serotype and the adaptive memory response is hypothesized to lead to exacerbated immune responses resulting in severe dengue. Here, we aim to define in detail the phenotype and function of different regulatory T cell (Treg) subsets and their association with disease severity in a cohort of acute dengue virus (DENV)-infected Cambodian children. Treg frequencies and proliferation of Tregs are increased in dengue patients compared to age-matched controls. Tregs from dengue patients are skewed to a Th1-type Treg phenotype. Interestingly, Tregs from severe dengue patients produce more interleukin-10 after
in vitro
stimulation compared to Tregs from classical dengue fever patients. Functionally, Tregs from dengue patients have reduced suppressive capacity, irrespective of disease severity. Taken together, these data suggest that even though Treg frequencies are increased in the blood of acute DENV-infected patients, Tregs fail to resolve inflammation and thereby could contribute to the immunopathology of dengue.

IMPORTANCE
According to the World Health Organization, dengue is the fastest-spreading, epidemic-prone infectious disease. The extent of dengue virus infections increased over the years, mainly driven by globalization—including travel and trade—and environmental changes. Dengue is an immunopathology caused by an imbalanced immune response to a secondary heterotypic infection. As regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential in maintaining immune homeostasis and dampening excessive immune activation, this study addressed the role of Tregs in dengue immunopathology. We show that Tregs from dengue patients are highly activated, skewed to a Th1-like Treg phenotype and less suppressive compared to healthy donor Tregs. Our data suggest that Tregs fail to resolve ongoing inflammation during dengue infection and hence contribute to the immunopathology of severe dengue disease. These data clarify the role of Tregs in dengue immunopathogenesis, emphasizing the need to develop T cell-based vaccines for dengue.
RNA-dependent RNA polymerases regulate ascospore discharge through the exonic-sRNA-mediated RNAi pathway
Authors: Zeng Wenping , Lin Jing , Xie Jiatao , Fu Yanping , Lin Yang , Chen Tao , Li Bo , Yu Xiao , Chen Weidong , Jiang Daohong , Cheng Jiasen 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Ascospores, forcibly released into the air from perithecia, are the primary inoculum for Fusarium head blight. In
Fusarium graminearum
, the biological functions of four RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRPs) (
Fgrdrp1–4
) have been reported, but their regulatory mechanisms are poorly understood and the function of
Fgrdrp5
is still unknown. In this study, we found that in addition to
Fgrdrp1
and
Fgrdrp2
,
Fgrdrp5
also plays an important role in ascospore discharge, and they all participate in the generation of turgor pressure in a polyol-dependent manner. Moreover, these three genes all affect the maturation of ascospores. Deep sequencing and co-analysis of small RNA and mRNA certified that
Fgrdrp1
,
Fgrdrp2
, and
Fgrdrp5
partly share their functions in the biogenesis and accumulation of exonic small interference RNA (ex-siRNA), and these three RdRPs negatively regulate the expression levels of ex-siRNA corresponding genes, including certain genes associated with ascospore development or discharge. Furthermore, the differentially expressed genes of deletion mutants, those involved in lipid and sugar metabolism or transport as well as sexual development-related transcription factors, may also contribute to the defects in ascospore maturation or ascospore discharge. In conclusion, our study suggested that the components of the
dicer
-dependent ex-siRNA-mediated RNA interference pathway include at least
Fgrdrp1
,
Fgrdrp2
, and
Fgrdrp5
.

IMPORTANCE

We found that in addition to
Fgrdrp1
and
Fgrdrp2
,
Fgrdrp5
also plays important roles in ascospore maturation and ascospore discharge of
Fusarium graminearum
. These three RNA-dependent RNA polymerases participate in the biogenesis and accumulation of exonic small interference RNA and then regulate ascospore discharge.
VLP-based model for the study of airborne viral pathogens
Authors: Caffrey Michael , Jayakumar Nitin , Caffrey Veronique , Anirudhan Varada , Rong Lijun , Paprotny Igor 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

The recent COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the danger of airborne viral pathogens. The lack of model systems to study airborne pathogens limits the understanding of airborne pathogen distribution as well as potential surveillance and mitigation strategies. In this work, we develop a novel model system to study airborne pathogens using virus-like particles (VLPs). Specifically, we demonstrate the ability to aerosolize VLP and detect and quantify aerosolized VLP RNA by reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification in real-time fluorescent and colorimetric assays. Importantly, the VLP model presents many advantages for the study of airborne viral pathogens: (i) similarity in size and surface components; (ii) ease of generation and noninfectious nature enabling the study of biosafety level 3 and biosafety level 4 viruses; (iii) facile characterization of aerosolization parameters; (iv) ability to adapt the system to other viral envelope proteins, including those of newly discovered pathogens and mutant variants; and (v) the ability to introduce viral sequences to develop nucleic acid amplification assays.

IMPORTANCE
The study and detection of airborne pathogens are hampered by the lack of appropriate model systems. In this work, we demonstrate that noninfectious virus-like particles (VLPs) represent attractive models to study airborne viral pathogens. Specifically, VLPs are readily prepared, are similar in size and composition to infectious viruses, and are amenable to highly sensitive nucleic acid amplification techniques.
Randomised controlled non-inferiority trial of primary care-based facilitated access to an alcohol reduction website: cost-effectiveness analysis
Authors: Hunter Rachael , Wallace Paul , Struzzo Pierluigi , Vedova Roberto Della , Scafuri Francesca , Tersar Costanza , Lygidakis Charilaos , McGregor Richard , Scafato Emanuele , Freemantle Nick 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesTo evaluate the 12-month costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained to the Italian National Health Service of facilitated access to a website for hazardous drinkers compared with a standard face-to-face brief intervention (BI).DesignRandomised 1:1 non-inferiority trial.SettingPractices of 58 general practitioners (GPs) in Italy.ParticipantsOf 9080 patients (>18 years old) approached to take part in the trial, 4529 (49·9%) logged on to the website and 3841 (84.8%) undertook online screening for hazardous drinking. 822 (21.4%) screened positive and 763 (19.9%) were recruited to the trial.InterventionsPatients were randomised to receive either a face-to-face BI or access via a brochure from their GP to an alcohol reduction website (facilitated access).Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome is the cost per QALY gained of facilitated access compared with face-to-face. A secondary analysis includes total costs and benefits per 100 patients, including number of hazardous drinkers prevented at 12 months.ResultsThe average time required for the face-to-face BI was 8 min (95% CI 7.5 min to 8.6 min). Given the maximum time taken for facilitated access of 5 min, face-to-face is an additional 3 min: equivalent to having time for another GP appointment for every three patients referred to the website. Complete case analysis adjusting for baseline the difference in QALYs for facilitated access is 0.002 QALYs per patient (95% CI −0.007 to 0.011).ConclusionsFacilitated access to a website to reduce hazardous drinking costs less than a face-to-face BI given by a GP with no worse outcomes. The lower cost of facilitated access, particularly in regards to investment of time, may facilitate the increase in provision of BIs for hazardous drinking.Trial registration numberNCT01638338; Post-results.
107: REVIEW OF THE QUALITY HOSPITALS WEBSITES IN KHORASAN RAZAVI PROVINCE
Authors: Dastani Meisam , Sattari Masoume 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:The aim of the present study is to present a clear vision of the quality status of Khorasan Razavi hospitals websites in four dimensions of content, performance, management and usage of the website.Methods:This is a survey study. The sample consisted of 49 hospital websites of Khorasan Razavi province. The instrument was used check list including 21 components and four criteria (content, performance, management and how to use the website). Its validity and reliability have proved through previous studies. Also, the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results:The findings showed that only %59 of hospitals in Khorasan Razavi, has been active website. The overall Status of website showed that the most popular websites of the situation, too weak (%51), moderate (%26.5) and weak (%16.3), respectively. In relation to criteria content, study, management and how to usage of the website and design, the findings showed that %40.8 of websites had an unfavorable condition. Of the 16 high quality website selected, only three websites Sina Hospital in Mashhad, Javdoll-Aemeh in Mashhad and Razavi were in good condition and the other of the websites had weak condition.Conclusion:The results of this study indicate that, yet most websites do not regard minimal medical standards and also, they could not establish good relationships with their audiences. In fact, in Iran, still regard to the quality and performance of websites has not been one of the priorities for improving service quality in hospitals. The findings of this study can be effective in the identification and development of hospital websites quality criteria in terms of design, content, performance and management and how to use.
118: THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN BODY IMAGE AND HYPOACTIVE SEXUAL DESIRE DISORDER AMONG REPRODUCTIVE AGE WOMEN: AN IRANIAN SETTING
Authors: Hamzehgardeshi Zeinab , Malary Mina , Moosazadeh Mahmood , Khani Soghra , Pourasghar Mehdi 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD) is the most prevalent sexual disorder among women that may pop up due to worrying about Body Image (BI). Body image is a complicated concept encompassing the biological, psychological and social factors. The current study aims to analyze the relationship between BI and HSDD among Iranian women in their reproductive age.Methods:this research is cross-sectional (descriptive –analytical) performed on 1000 woman in their reproductive age (15–49 yrs). The samples have been selected by systematic random sampling method. The data collection tool includes demographics and Sexual Interest and Desire Inventory-Female (SIDI-F) plus the Female Sexual Distress Scale-Revised (FSDS-R) for measuring HSDD completed as self-report by the samples. To analyze the data, univariate and multivariate regression test have been applied.Results:The mean age of the study community has been 32.09±7.33. After adjusting the effect of the confounder variables by logistic regression multivariate analysis, the odd ratio for HSDD in the individuals not satisfied or slightly satisfied with their BI has been OR: 4.2 (95% CI: 1.98–9.05) and OR: 3.9 (95% CI: 2.29–6.65), respectively, times more than those highly contended with their BI.Conclusion:this study depicted that dissatisfaction with BI is a determinant factor of HSDD. Thus taking this factor into account when acquiring sexual history can be useful order to provide optimal sexual counseling.
122: THE COMPARISON OF THE TWO RESISTANCES AND AEROBIC TRAINING APPROACHES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON ANXIETY LEVEL IN NON-ATHLETIC WORKING WOMEN
Authors: karamidehkordi Masoumeh , Karamidehkordi Akram 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:Physical activities effect has a direct relation with reduction of the potential physical and emotional risks. The purpose of this study was the comparison of the two resistances and aerobic training approaches and their effects on anxiety level in non-athletic working women in 2014 in Shahrekord, Iran.Methods:The statistical population under this study consists of all the working woman ages 35±10 who were not involved in any kind of specific physical training exercises in the province of charmahal-bakhtiari for the years 2013–2014, all occupied in the state executive branches with at least 3 years of experience in their field. A number of 362 workers were assembled from5 of these executive branches. According to pretest and measuring filled the katel anxiety questionnaire. Thirty participants with highest level of anxiety were selected as the main sample group. Again through equalizing this group was divided in to two empirical set groups of 15 each. Groups one was subjected to resistance exercises and groups two was engaged in aerobic exercises for 8 week (3–60 to 70 minute sessions per week).The anxiety levels were measured again after8week program, in all 30subjects.Results:The data were analyzed by t test. The results of both the resistance and aerobic exercises indicate that the specific physical experiences had reduced the anxiety and had a statistical significance. There is no statistical significance between the level of anxiety each both groups a according to the post tests (within 0.5 percent default).Conclusion:Hence we can conclude that the specific resistance and aerobic exercises are very influential in anxiety reduction a many non-athletic working women.