bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and hplc chiral recognition of regioselectively carbamoylated cellulose derivatives
Authors: Tang Shouwan , Li Xiaofang , Wang Fang , Liu Guihua , Li Yonglong , Pan Fuyou 
Published: December 2011

AbstractFour regioselective‐carbamoylated cellulose derivatives having two different substituents at 2‐, 3‐, and 6‐position were prepared and evaluated as chiral stationary phases (CSPs) for high‐performance liquid chromatography. Investigations showed that the nature andarrangement of the substituents significantly influenced the chiral recognition abilities of the heterosubstituted cellulose derivatives and each derivative exhibited characteristic enantioseparation. Some racemates were better resolved on these derivatives than the corresponding homogeneously substituted cellulose derivatives including a commercial CSP, Chiralcel OD. Racemic compounds shown in this study were most effectively discriminated on cellulose2,3‐(3‐chloro‐4‐methylphenylcarbamate)‐6‐(3,5‐dimethylphenylcarbamate) and 2,3‐(3,5‐dimethylphenylcarbamate)‐6‐(3‐chloro‐4‐methylphenylcarbamate). Chirality, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sulphur doped DLC films deposited by DC magnetron sputtering
Authors: Saeheng Arunya , Tonanon Nattaporn , Bhanthumnavin Worawan , Paosawatyanyong Boonchoat 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDiamond‐like carbon (DLC) and sulphur doped diamond‐like carbon (S‐DLC) films were synthesised at different sulphur molar percentage of 0%, 2%, 5%, 8% and 10% by direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering process using novel compressed sulphur‐graphite targets at relatively low power density. Films were characterised for their morphologies, structural, electrical and optical properties. Scanning electron microscope images reveal changes in the quality of the obtained films shown by the denser packing of DLC grains at different sulphur percentage. The conductivities of S‐DLC films were found to be in the range of 6.0 × 10−3–0.6/Ω cm. The optical band gap energies were found to be in the range of ∼1.4–2.0 eV. Both electrical and optical measurements exhibit nonlinear responses with optimum at around 5% sulphur molar percentage (minimum for conductivity and maximum for optical band gap energy). These trends of change in both conductivity and optical band gap energy are consistent with the variation in bond characters of the films indicated by Raman spectroscopy. © 2011 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering
Improved clinical trial enrollment in adolescent and young adult (AYA) oncology patients after the establishment of an AYA oncology program uniting pediatric and medical oncology divisions
Authors: Shaw Peter H. , Boyiadzis Michael , Tawbi Hussein , Welsh Anne , Kemerer Aimee , Davidson Nancy E. , Kim Ritchey A. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Since 1975, there has been a dramatic increase in the survival rates of pediatric and older cancer patients, but adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients ages 15 to 40 years have not had a similar improvement. Data indicate a direct correlation between increased cure rates and clinical trial enrollment.METHODS:The authors previously published data indicating inferior clinical trial enrollment when AYA patients were treated at an adult oncology center versus a pediatric oncology center. To address this deficit, a joint pediatric and adult AYA Oncology Program was established in July 2006 with the primary objective of improving outcomes by increasing therapeutic clinical trial enrollment in this population. Patients who were referred to that program from July 2006 through June 2010 were examined retrospectively to establish whether clinical trial enrollment increased compared with historic controls.RESULTS:Fifty‐seven patients were referred to the program from 2006 to 2010 (range, 12‐16 new patients per year). Eight patients were referred for consultation only and were not treated at the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute or Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh. Five of 22 patients (23%) who received treatment at the pediatric cancer center were enrolled onto a clinical trial, whereas 9 of 27 patients (33%) patients who received treatment at the adult cancer center were enrolled. There was superior trial participation compared with the previous 3 years for those shared AYA patients who were treated at the adult center (P < .001).CONCLUSIONS:Data from this study demonstrated that establishing a unified AYA oncology program can lead to improved clinical trial enrollment for patients who are treated at medical oncology centers. Cancer 2012;3614–3617. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Prognostic significance of MYC, BCL2, and BCL6 rearrangements in patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma treated with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone plus rituximab
Authors: Akyurek Nalan , Uner Aysegul , Benekli Mustafa , Barista Ibrahim 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Diffuse large B‐cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) are a biologically heterogeneous group in which various gene alterations have been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency and prognostic impact of BCL2, BCL6, and MYC rearrangements in cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone plus rituximab (R‐CHOP)‐treated DLBCL cases.METHODS:Tissue microarrays were constructed from 239 cases of DLBCL, and the expressions of CD10, BCL6, MUM1/IRF4, and BCL2 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. MYC, BCL2, and BCL6 rearrangements were investigated by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization on tissue microarrays. Survival analysis was constructed from 145 R‐CHOP–treated patients.RESULTS:MYC, BCL2, and BCL6 rearrangements were detected in 14 (6%), 36 (15%), and 69 (29%) of 239 DLBCL patients. Double or triple rearrangements were detected in 7 (3%) of 239 DLBCL cases. Of these, 4 had BCL2 and MYC, 2 had BCL6 and MYC, and 1 had BCL2, BCL6, and MYC rearrangements. The prognosis of these cases was extremely poor, with a median survival of 9 months. MYC rearrangement was associated with significantly worse overall survival (P = .01), especially for the cases with GC phenotype (P = .009). BCL6 rearrangement also predicted significantly shorter overall survival (P = .04), especially for the non‐GC phenotype (P = .03). BCL2 rearrangement had no prognostic impact on outcome. International Prognostic Index (P = .004) and MYC rearrangement (P = .009) were independent poor prognostic factors.CONCLUSIONS:Analysis of MYC gene rearrangement along with BCL2 and BCL6 is critical in identifying high‐risk patients with poor prognosis. Cancer 2012. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
To have and to hold: Episodic memory in 3‐ and 4‐year‐old children
Authors: Scarf Damian , Gross Julien , Colombo Michael , Hayne Harlene 
Published: December 2011

AbstractEpisodic memory endows us with the ability to reflect on our past and plan for our future. Most theorists argue that episodic memory emerges during the preschool period and that its emergence might herald the end of childhood amnesia. Here, we show that both 3‐ and 4‐year‐old children form episodic memories, but that 3‐year‐old children fail to retain those memories following a delay (Experiments 1 and 2). In contrast, 4‐year‐old children retained episodic memories over delays of 24 hr (Experiment 1) and 1 week (Experiment 3). This marked change in the retention of episodic memories between 3 and 4 years of age suggests that it is our ability to retain, rather than to form, an episodic memory that limits our ability to recall episodes from early childhood. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 55: 125–132, 2013
Electrochemical Kinetics of Anodic Ni Dissolution in Aqueous Media as a Function of Chloride Ion Concentration at pH Values Close to Physiological Conditions
Authors: Ayoub Hanna , Lair Virginie , Griveau Sophie , Brunswick Philippe , Zagal José H. , Bedioui Fethi , Cassir Michel 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWe have studied the electrochemical kinetics of anodic Ni dissolution as a function of chloride ion concentration, at pH 5, 6 and 7, in order to mimic the conditions of sweat samples. Our results show that the rate‐determining step for Ni dissolution in the mentioned pH range is the transfer of one first electron, as suggested by the Tafel slopes close to 0.120 V/decade. However, the reaction order in chloride ion varies from ca. 2 at pH 7 to values close to unity for pH values between 5 and 6. This finding is very important for sensor applications in sweat fluids since the sensitivity of the Ni electrode to chloride ions is higher in neutral solutions (pH ca. 7) compared to that in slightly acid solutions (pH between 5 and 6). Small variations in pH in real samples are expected so this change in sensitivity should be considered when sensing chloride ions in sweat fluids.
Recent advances in the application of CE to forensic sciences, an update over years 2009–2011
Authors: Pascali Jennifer Paola , Bortolotti Federica , Tagliaro Franco 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe present article reviews and comments the applications of capillary electrophoresis in the different areas of forensic sciences covering the time from the second half of 2009 until the first part of 2011, being the latest update of previous reviews covering the years from 2001 to 2009. Numerous articles reporting applications of capillary electrophoresis to analytical problems of potential interest for the forensic researchers and scientists can be found in the most qualified journals of analytical chemistry, analytical biochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, laboratory medicine, human genetics, etc. However, the present review has been focused on discussing only the most relevant examples of analytical applications of capillary electrophoretic and electrokinetic techniques published in the following fields: (i) illicit and abused drugs, (ii) ions and small molecules of forensic interest, (iii) proteins and peptides of forensic interest, (iv) dyes and inks, (v) forensic DNA. The present review collects and comments on 60 references.
THE EFFECT OF NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE ON MORTALITY AND THE SES–HEALTH GRADIENT: EVIDENCE FROM THE ELDERLY IN TAIWAN
Authors: Keng Shao‐Hsun , Sheu Sheng‐Jang 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTUsing the difference‐in‐difference‐in‐differences method, we examine the effect of the National Health Insurance (NHI) on mortality, self‐assessed health, and functional limitations of the elderly and seek to determine whether the effect is spread equally across health classes. We find that the NHI only has an effect on the death hazard, and it is the least healthy who benefit the most. The death hazard falls by 16–48% and 3–9% for the least health and the healthiest, respectively. The decline in the hazard ratio for the least healthy among the uninsured is 58% greater than that of their counterparts among the insured. Moreover, female participants benefit more from the NHI than male participants. We find no significant effect of the NHI in the SES–health gradient except for the education–death hazard gradient. The gap in the education‐death hazard gradient between the insured and previously uninsured is significantly reduced by 7–31% after 1995. The hazard ratio among the less‐educated in the treatment group also falls by 55% relative to that in the comparison group. The NHI appears to have prolonged lives but has failed to improve the functional limitations, which might have contributed to the rapid increase in the demand for long‐term caregivers in recent years. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mechanism and function of decreased FOXO1 in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Libin , Yin Bingde , Liu Yongchao , Hong Yan , Zhang Changcun , Fan Jie 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesForkhead box O‐class 1 (FOXO1), a putative tumor suppressor, is dysregulated in many cancers. Our study aims to reveal the underlying functions and regulation mechanisms of FOXO1 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC).MethodsThe clinical significance of FOXO1 expression in surgically resected specimens was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The siRNAs targeted FOXO1 and miR‐27a inhibitor were transfected into RCC cells. QRT‐PCR, Western blot, and cell proliferation assay were used to assess the expression and function of FOXO1 and miR‐27a.ResultsThe positive immunostaining for FOXO1 was low in 51 RCC samples compared with 15 normal kidney tissues. And the expression of FOXO1 was related with RCC subtypes and the grade and stage in clear cell RCC (cRCC) (P < 0.05). Inhibition of FOXO1 promoted proliferation of 769‐P cells. However, upregulation of FOXO1 by miR‐27a inhibitor was accompanied by the anti‐proliferative effect in cells of 786‐O and Caki‐1. Furthermore, the expression of FOXO1 mRNA and miR‐27a had inverse relation in eight cRCC samples.ConclusionReduced expression of FOXO1 is common in RCC and a potentially suitable marker of different histological subtypes and prognosis of cRCC. Increasing expression of FOXO1 by the miR‐27a inhibitor could prevent cell growth. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 105:841–847. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Simultaneous determination of serotonin and creatinine in urine by combining two ultrasound‐assisted emulsification microextractions with on‐column stacking in capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Huang Huan , Chen Zhijun , Yan Xiaomei 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThis article describes the development of a rapid, simple, and sensitive analytical approach for the simultaneous determination of serotonin (5‐hydroxytryptamine) and creatinine in urine samples by combining two ultrasound‐assisted emulsification microextractions (USAEMEs) in series with on‐column stacking in CE. This serial USAEME procedure comprises analytes extraction from the donor solution (urine with K2CO3 additive) to an organic solvent followed by a back‐extraction from the organic phase into a small volume of hydrochloric acid. After 15 min of sample pretreatment, the acidic acceptor solution was analyzed directly on CE in the mode of capillary zone electrophoresis. The adoption of HCl as the acceptor phase not only provided effective back‐extraction but also facilitated pH‐mediated on‐column stacking in CE analysis. About 360‐fold sensitivity enhancement was achieved for serotonin detection. The limits of detection were 7.9 nM for serotonin and 13.3 μM for creatinine, respectively. Satisfactory results were obtained with respect to precision and recovery. The proposed method has been demonstrated to be convenient and effective for the analysis of real urine samples. We believe that two USAEMEs in series will find wide applications in simplified sample pretreatment prior to CE analysis.
Redox‐Responsive Degradable PEG Cryogels as Potential Cell Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering
Authors: Dispinar Tugba , Van Camp Wim , De Cock Liesbeth J. , De Geest Bruno G. , Du Prez Filip E. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA Michael addition strategy involving the reaction between a maleimide double bond and amine groups is investigated for the synthesis of cryogels at subzero temperature. Low‐molecular‐weight PEG‐based building blocks with amine end groups and disulfide‐containing building blocks with maleimide end groups are combined to synthesize redox‐responsive PEG cryogels. The cryogels exhibit an interconnected macroporous morphology, a high compressive modulus and gelation yields of around 95%. While the cryogels are stable under physiological conditions, complete dissolution of the cryogels into water‐soluble products is obtained in the presence of a reducing agent (glutathione) in the medium. Cell seeding experiments and toxicologic analysis demonstrate their potential as scaffolds in tissue engineering.magnified image
Multifunctional Luminescent Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Films
Authors: Roppolo Ignazio , Messori Massimo , Perruchas Sandrine , Gacoin Thierry , Boilot Jean‐Pierre , Sangermano Marco 
Published: December 2011

AbstractTransparent light‐emitting hybrid materials are produced by UV curing of acrylic resins containing silica precursors and photoluminescent [Cu4I4L4] clusters. Acrylic double‐bond conversion is followed by means of FT‐IR spectroscopy, and optical measurements are performed on cured films showing a high transparency of the films up to a content of 30 wt% TEOS and a bright luminescence with a maximum of emission centered at 565 nm (yellow‐orange). This study shows the possibility to obtain new advanced materials in which functional properties such as photoluminescence and scratch resistance are successfully conjugated in a hybrid film that maintains high transparency.magnified image
Human O6‐methylguanine‐DNA methyltransferase containing C145A does not prevent hepatocellular carcinoma in C3HeB/FeJ transgenic mice
Authors: Herzig Maryanne C.S. , Hildreth Kim , Huamani Jessica , Perez Marissa , Goins Beth A. , McMahan C. Alex , Reddick Robert L. , Walter Christi A. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was diminished from 60% to 18% at 15 months of age in C3HeB/FeJ male transgenic mice expressing hMGMT in our previous studies. To directly test if the methyltransferase activity is required for diminished tumor prevalence, two separate lines of transgenic mice bearing an enzymatically inactive form of hMGMT were used. In these lines, cysteine 145 was substituted with alanine (C145A). Expression of the hMGMT C145A transgene in liver was demonstrated by Northern blots and Western blots. Immunohistochemistry revealed predominantly nuclear localization of the hMGMT C145A protein. hMGMT C145A transgenic mice were crossed with lacI transgenic mice to assess mutant frequencies in the presence of the mutant protein. Mutant frequencies were similar among livers of lacI × hMGMT C145A bi‐transgenic mice and lacI × wild‐type (WT) mice. DNA sequence analysis of recovered lacI mutants revealed similar mutation spectra for hMGMT C145A and WT mice. The prevalence of HCC was also similar for the two tested lines of hMGMT C145A mice, 45% and 48% prevalence with median tumor sizes of 11 and 8 mm, and WT mice, 40% prevalence and median tumor size of 10 mm. These results provide evidence that residue C145 in hMGMT is required to reduce the prevalence of HCC in C3HeB/FeJ mice transgenic for hMGMT. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Black currant phytoconstituents exert chemoprevention of diethylnitrosamine‐initiated hepatocarcinogenesis by suppression of the inflammatory response
Authors: Bishayee Anupam , Thoppil Roslin J. , Mandal Animesh , Darvesh Altaf S. , Ohanyan Vahagn , Meszaros J. Gary , Háznagy‐Radnai Erzsébet , Hohmann Judit , Bhatia Deepak 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBlack currant fruits containing high amounts of anthocyanins are known to possess potent antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties. We have previously reported that anthocyanin‐rich black currant skin extract (BCSE) inhibits diethylnitrosamine (DENA)‐initiated hepatocarcinogenesis in rats although the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Our present study investigates the anti‐inflammatory mechanisms of BCSE during DENA rat liver carcinogenesis. Dietary BCSE (100 or 500 mg/kg) treatment for 22 wk afforded a striking inhibition of DENA‐induced hepatic gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase‐positive preneoplastic foci in a dose‐responsive fashion. There was a significant increase in hepatic expression of heat shock proteins (HSP70 and HSP90), cyclooxygenase‐2, and nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) in DENA‐exposed rat livers. Dietary BCSE dose‐dependently abrogated all these elevated inflammatory markers. The possible cardiotoxicity of BCSE was assessed by monitoring cardiac functions using transthoracic echocardiography. BCSE‐mediated anti‐inflammatory effects during rat liver carcinogenesis have been achieved without any cardiotoxicity. Our results provide convincing evidence, for the very first time, that suppression of the inflammatory cascade through modulation of the NF‐κB signaling pathway could be implicated, at least in part, in the chemopreventive effects of black currant bioactive phytoconstituents against experimental hepatocarcinogenesis. These results coupled with an excellent safety profile of BCSE support the development of black currant phytochemicals for the chemoprevention of inflammation‐driven hepatocellular cancer. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Correction of vibration artifacts in DTI using phase‐encoding reversal (COVIPER)
Authors: Mohammadi Siawoosh , Nagy Zoltan , Hutton Chloe , Josephs Oliver , Weiskopf Nikolaus 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDiffusion tensor imaging is widely used in research and clinical applications, but still suffers from substantial artifacts. Here, we focus on vibrations induced by strong diffusion gradients in diffusion tensor imaging, causing an echo shift in k‐space and consequential signal‐loss. We refined the model of vibration‐induced echo shifts, showing that asymmetric k‐space coverage in widely used Partial Fourier acquisitions results in locally differing signal loss in images acquired with reversed phase encoding direction (blip‐up/blip‐down). We implemented a correction of vibration artifacts in diffusion tensor imaging using phase‐encoding reversal (COVIPER) by combining blip‐up and blip‐down images, each weighted by a function of its local tensor‐fit error. COVIPER was validated against low vibration reference data, resulting in an error reduction of about 72% in fractional anisotropy maps. COVIPER can be combined with other corrections based on phase encoding reversal, providing a comprehensive correction for eddy currents, susceptibility‐related distortions and vibration artifact reduction. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Slice‐by‐slice B1+ shimming at 7 T
Authors: Curtis Andrew T. , Gilbert Kyle M. , Klassen L. Martyn , Gati Joseph S. , Menon Ravi S. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractParallel transmission has been used to reduce the inevitable inhomogeneous radiofrequency fields produced in human high‐field MRI greater than 3 T. Further improvements in the transmit homogeneity and efficiency are possible by leveraging the additional degree of freedom permitted by multislice acquisitions. Compared to simple scaling of the flip angle to compensate for B1+ falloff along the radiofrequency coil, calculation of B1+ shim solutions on a slice‐by‐slice basis can markedly improve homogeneity and/or reduce transmitted power and global SAR. Performance measures were acquired at 7 T with a 15‐channel head‐only transceive array featuring elements distributed over all three logical axes, facilitating B1+ shimming over arbitrary orientations. Compared to a circularly polarized volume mode of the same coil, shimming to maximize excitation efficiency on a slice‐by‐slice basis yielded improvements in mean B1+ by 12.8 ± 2.4% and a reduction in standard deviation of B1+ of 16.3 ± 6.8%, while reducing relative SAR by 6.2 ± 3.1%. When shimming for greater uniformity, the mean and standard deviation of B1+ were further improved by 15.9 ± 2.6% and 26.2 ± 10.4%, respectively, at the expense of a 135 ± 8% increase in global SAR. Robust multislice‐shim solutions are demonstrated that can be quickly calculated, applied in real time, and reliably improve on volume coil modes. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.