bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High cytoplasmic expression of p27Kip1 is associated with a worse cancer‐specific survival in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Kruck Stephan , Merseburger Axel S. , Hennenlotter Joerg , Scharpf Marcus , Eyrich Christian , Amend Bastian , Sievert Karl‐Dietrich , Stenzl Arnulf , Bedke Jens 
Published: October 2011

What's known on the subject? and What does the study add?The loss of p27Kip1 correlates with poor prognosis in various human cancers, and was postulated as a biomarker in RCC. Up to now p27Kip1 analysis in RCC was focused on its nuclear localization.We confirmed higher p27Kip1 expression in the nucleus and cytoplasm of RCC and correlated high cytoplasmic p27Kip1 with an unfavourable clinic and a reduced survival.OBJECTIVES
To analyse the cytoplasmic and nuclear differences of p27Kip1 expression and localization in benign and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) with regard to overall survival (OS) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS).
p27Kip1 is considered to contribute to the progression of ccRCC and is targeted by next generation dual‐therapies.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
In 140 patients, ccRCC and corresponding benign kidney tissue were analyzed for nuclear and cytoplasmic staining of p27Kip1 by immunohistochemistry using a tissue microarray technique.
Staining intensity and percentage of positive stained cells are given as expression scores. p27Kip1 expression was categorized as high if ccRCC tissue stained stronger than the respective level of the corresponding benign tissue and categorized as low if ccRCC tissue stained less than or equal to the corresponding benign tissue.
Differences in OS and CSS were analyzed by log‐rank analysis and expression levels were correlated with tumour and patient characteristics using Fisher's exact test.
RESULTS
Cytoplasmatic (mean [sd]: 13.8% [1.2%] vs 10.7% [1.7%]; P= 0.04) and nuclear (mean [sd]: 75.6% [2.7%] vs 13.6% [2.1%]; P < 0.001) staining of p27Kip1 were significantly stronger in ccRCC tissues compared to benign tissue.
High cytoplasmic p27Kip1 expression was significantly associated with a higher T and N stage, Fuhrman grade and the presence of metastatic disease (P < 0.001).
The median follow‐up time was 38.2 months.
There was no difference in OS between the low and high expression groups, although CSS was significantly lower in patients with high cytoplasmic p27Kip1 (P < 0.001) and CSS heavily tended to be lower in the nuclear low expression group (P= 0.069).
CONCLUSIONS
High cytoplasmic p27Kip1 levels in renal cancer tissues are associated with advanced disease and reduced cancer specific survival, whereas low nuclear expression levels appear to be beneficial.
The present study corroborates the consideration of cytoplasmic p27Kip1 for future diagnostic and targeted therapeutic approaches in RCC establishing a potential protective shift of p27Kip1 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.
Increased plasma levels of total homocysteine but not asymmetric dimethylarginine in Hispanic subjects with ischemic stroke FREC‐VI sub‐study
Authors: Rueda‐Clausen C. F. , Córdoba‐Porras A. , Bedoya G. , Silva F. A. , Zarruk J. G. , López‐Jaramillo P. , Villa L. A. 
Published: October 2011

Background and purpose:  Despite sharing some metabolic and pathological mechanisms, the reported association between total homocysteine (tHcy), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and stroke remains controversial, particularly in Hispanic populations from developing countries in which genetic, socioeconomic, and nutritional factors are different to those described in developed countries. Our objectives were to determine the relationships of these factors to stroke and to each other independent of other cardiovascular risk factors, and to explore potential sex differences.Methods:  This national (Colombia) multicenter case–control study included 238 cases and 238 controls to evaluate traditional and emerging risk factors for ischemic stroke including tHcy and ADMA plasma levels.Results:  The median plasma levels of tHcy were 8.48 μM for controls and 10.01 μM for cases (P < 0.0001). Plasma levels of tHcy between 12 and 50 μM were considered moderate hyperhomocysteinemia (HtHcy). There were no differences in plasma ADMA concentration between groups (P = 0.40). Plasma levels of ADMA and creatinine were not correlated (P = 0.47). After adjusting for confounding factors, the presence of HtHcy was strongly associated with stroke (OR 8.97; P < 0.0001). The adjusted association between HtHcy and stroke in men (OR 9.98) was comparable to that in women (OR 8.98) (P = 0.41).Conclusions:  In this Hispanic population, with relatively normal renal function, plasma levels of tHcy but not ADMA were associated with stroke independent of other cardiovascular risk factors.
Soluble VEGFR1 (sVEGFR1) as a novel marker of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in the North Indian ALS patients
Authors: Anand A. , Gupta P. K. , Sharma N. K. , Prabhakar S. 
Published: October 2011

Background and purpose:  North Indian patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) exhibit substantially extended survival time after onset of the disease as compared to their Western counterparts. Earlier, we found that vascular endothelial growth factor‐A (VEGF‐A) may be associated with increased survival of these patients. We now measured soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐1 (sVEGFR1), an inhibitor receptor for VEGF‐A, in these patients with ALS.Methods:  Patients with sporadic ALS (n = 36) attending the Neurology Outpatient at Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) at Chandigarh were included on the basis of El Escorial criteria. The sVEGFR1 levels were analyzed in serum of these patients using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and compared with normal controls (n = 36).Results:  Soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐1 was found to be decreased significantly in serum of patients with ALS. Serum obtained from definite ALS revealed significantly lower sVEGFR1 as compared to probable ALS. However, there was no difference in serum sVEGFR1 levels between male and female patients with ALS.Conclusions:  Soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐1 downregulation may result in increased serum VEGF‐A reported previously in our patients with ALS and may indicate the activation of compensatory mechanism in response to neurodegeneration. The lower serum sVEGFR1 levels may have a possible clinicopathological association, if not causal, to the extended survival of North Indian patients with ALS; however, the result needs further investigations particularly in comparable Caucasian ALS population.
Full‐Mouth Rehabilitation of a Patient with Severely Worn Dentition and Uneven Occlusal Plane: A Clinical Report
Authors: Moslehifard Elnaz , Nikzad Sakineh , Geraminpanah Farideh , Mahboub Farhang 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSevere tooth wear is frequently multifactorial and variable. Successful management is a subject of interest in dentistry. A critical aspect is to determine the occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) and a systematic approach that can lead to a predictable and favorable treatment prognosis. Management of patients with worn dentition is complex and difficult. Accurate clinical and radiographic examinations, a diagnostic wax‐up, and determining OVD are crucial. Using mini‐implants as orthodontic anchorage may facilitate orthodontic movement of teeth to improve their position, which is necessary for favorable prosthetic treatment. A 46‐year‐old man was referred for restoration of his worn and missing teeth. After diagnostic work‐up, provisional removable prostheses were fabricated for both jaws, evaluated clinically, and adjusted according to esthetic, phonetic, and vertical dimension criteria. Clinical crown lengthening and free gingival graft procedures were performed in appropriate areas. Drifting of the left posterior mandibular teeth was corrected using mini‐implants as orthodontic anchorage. Two conventional implants were inserted in the right mandibular edentulous area. After endodontic therapy of worn teeth, custom‐cast gold dowels and cores were fabricated, and provisional removable prostheses were replaced with fixed provisional restorations. Metal‐ceramic restorations were fabricated, and a removable partial denture with attachments was fabricated for maxillary edentulous areas. An occlusal splint was used to protect the restorations. Full‐mouth rehabilitation of the patient with severely worn dentition and an uneven occlusal plane was found to be successful after 3 years of follow‐up. This result can encourage clinicians to seek accurate diagnosis and treatment planning to treat such patients.
An Analysis of Prosthodontic Research Productivity: Geographic, Economic, and Collaborative Perspective
Authors: Thornton Kathryn , Lee Damian J. , Yuan Judy Chia‐Chun , Knoernschild Kent L. , Campbell Stephen D. , Sukotjo Cortino 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPurpose: This study evaluated the quantity of prosthodontic literature produced globally by continent in three prosthodontic journals over a 10‐year period, 1998–2008. Prosthodontic research productivity relative to economic status of countries and collaboration among countries grouped by economic status was assessed.Materials and Methods: Three peer‐reviewed prosthodontic journals were used for the analysis of articles published in 1998, 2003, and 2008: The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, International Journal of Prosthodontics, and Journal of Prosthodontics. The country of every author listed for each included article was recorded. The number of articles published by each continent and each country was reported. Countries were grouped according to the World Bank economic classification system, and the number of articles published by each economic class was found.Results: The majority of publications over the 10‐year period were produced in Asia (Japan), Europe (Germany), and North America (USA). Productivity declined by 14.4% in high‐income countries while it increased in upper middle‐, lower middle‐, and low‐income countries. The majority of publications written by upper and lower middle‐ and low‐income countries were independent works. Articles resulting from collaboration increased over time for all economic classes of countries.Conclusions: The origins of prosthodontic literature are becoming more geographically and economically diverse, with increased contributions from Africa, Asia, and South America, and middle‐ and low‐income countries between 1998 and 2008. Collaboration between high‐income countries and the other economic group countries increased over time.
Preparation of commercial quantities of a hyperimmune human intravenous immunoglobulin preparation against an emerging infectious disease: the example of pandemic H1N1 influenza
Authors: Kreil Thomas R. , Mc Vey John K. , Lei Laura Shau‐Ping , Camacho Laureano , Wodal Walter , Kerschbaum Astrid , Segura Edy , Vandamme Etienne , Gavit Patrick , Ehrlich Hartmut J. , Barrett P. Noel , Baker Donald A. 
Published: October 2011

BACKGROUND: The recent H1N1 pandemic provided an opportunity to conceptually assess the possibility of rapidly providing a “hyperimmune” human immunoglobulin (H‐IVIG) to an emerging infectious disease, in useful quantities with respect to public health. Commercial‐scale H‐IVIG production from plasma collected from donors convalescent from or vaccinated against pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus is described.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A special protocol was implemented for the collection, processing, and shipment of plasma from previously qualified source plasma donors, self‐identifying as convalescent from or vaccinated against H1N1 influenza. A licensed IVIG manufacturing process was utilized for the preparation of two commercial lots of approximately 50 kg 10% human IVIG preparation in total. The H1N1 hemagglutination inhibition and neutralization antibody titers of the resulting H‐IVIG preparations were determined and compared with standard preparations.RESULTS: Twenty‐six plasma collection centers participated in the protocol. Donor enrollment exceeded 300 donors per week and within 30 days of protocol deployment plasma was being collected at a rate of more than 2000 L/week. Manufacture of both H‐IVIG lots was unremarkable and both lots met the requirements for commercial release and the bulk of the product was distributed in normal commercial channels. Examination of plasma pools and final IVIG product confirmed pandemic H1N1 antibody titers substantially higher than those collected before the emergence of the pandemic H1N1 virus.CONCLUSIONS: This work demonstrates the feasibility of producing a H‐IVIG preparation at large scale relatively rapidly, with a significant enrichment in antibodies to the H1N1 influenza, achieved by donor self‐identification.
A comparison of volume‐reduced versus standard HLA/HPA–matched apheresis platelets in alloimmunized adult patients
Authors: Honohan Áine , Tomson Bert , van der Bom Johanna , de Vries René , Brand Anneke 
Published: October 2011

BACKGROUND: Our blood bank prepares, on indication or request, a volume‐reduced (VR) platelet (PLT) product with greater than 95% reduced plasma content and a 15‐fold higher PLT concentration, potentially minimizing adverse reactions due to plasma, in particular for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)/human PLT antigen (HPA)‐matched PLTs when minor ABO incompatibility cannot be avoided. Here we compared the clinical effectiveness of VR apheresis PLTs (APs) with standard APs.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We performed a single‐center cohort study among consecutive alloimmunized patients who received either HLA/HPA‐matched standard APs and/or VR‐APs between 1994 and 2008. The endpoints were corrected count increments (CCIs), time to next transfusion, and frequency of adverse reactions. The CCI of VR PLTs was calculated using the PLT dose before volume reduction. Using a random effects model, 851 transfusions to 68 patients were evaluated for CCI and 731 transfusions to 64 patients for time to next transfusion. The frequency of reported adverse reactions was compared between the groups.RESULTS: The 1‐hour CCI was 23% (95% confidence interval [CI], 9%‐42%; p < 0.001) lower and the 24‐hour CCI was 17% (95% CI, −11% to 59%; p = 0.278) lower after VR‐APs. The mean time to next transfusion was similar: standard APs, 3.1 days (95% CI, 2.7‐3.5); and VR‐APs, 2.8 days (95% CI, 2.5‐3.2). Eight adverse reactions were reported: 4 of 619 in the standard AP group and 4 of 1202 in the VR‐AP group.CONCLUSION: VR‐APs showed lower 1‐ and 24‐hour CCIs than standard‐APs, which can be largely explained by the lower PLT dose of VR‐APs. The benefits of plasma reduction should seriously be outweighed given these lower increments.
Peyronie’s Disease in Teenagers
Authors: Tal Raanan , Hall Matthew S. , Alex Byron , Choi Judy , Mulhall John P. 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Peyronie’s disease (PD) is commonly seen in middle-aged men, and little is known about this condition in teenagers.

Aim
To investigate the characteristics of PD in teenagers.

Methods
The findings were compared between patients with the disease who were teenagers with those over 40 years of age. Statistical analyses were conducted to define differentiating features between these two groups.

Main Outcome Measures
The demographics, clinical features, and associated comorbidities of patients with PD were reviewed.

Results
Thirty-two teenaged males were evaluated for PD in a single institution over a 10-year period. The median age for our cohort was 18 (15–19) years. Forty-five percent of patients had already been seen by another urologist, and 28% had been told they did not have PD. The mean duration of PD before seeking medical care in our cohort was 3 ± 1 months. Sixteen percent of patients reported antecedent penile trauma, half of which happened during coitus or masturbation, and 18% of patients had hemoglobin (Hb) A1c levels &gt; 5%. Dupuytren’s contracture was not seen in this population. Twenty-two percent of patients presented with penile pain. Subsequent ED was seen in 37% of patients. Multiple noncontiguous plaques were seen in 37% of patients. Twelve percent were previously treated with vitamin E, while another 12% had previous intralesional verapamil. High distress was reported by 94% of patients. Thirty-four percent sought medical attention for anxiety/mood disorder, and 28% had a negative encounter with a sexual partner related to PD. All of the 32 patients had penile curvature with a mean of 32 ± 12 degrees. Seventy-two percent of the patients had dorsal curvature while 22% had an associated deformity. Using duplex Doppler ultrasound, 12% had a calcified plaque, while none of the patients had abnormal hemodynamics. When compared with PD in adults, teenagers had greater than seven times the prevalence of multiple noncontiguous plaques (37% vs. 5%). Also, the prevalence of HbA1c level &gt; 5% was higher in the teenagers as well (18% vs. 5%).

Conclusions
PD does occur in teenagers often causing high distress levels. Compared to older adults, teenagers often present earlier, and more commonly have elevated HbA1c level and increased number of plaques at presentation.
Prevalence and Characteristics of Vibrator Use Among Women Who Have Sex with Women
Authors: Schick Vanessa , Herbenick Debby , Rosenberger Joshua G. , Reece Michael 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Research suggests that vibrator use may be more prevalent among lesbian/bisexual-identified women. However, previous research has been limited by small samples of lesbian- and bisexual-identified women and has not focused specifically on the characteristics of vibrator use between women.

Aims
The present study was designed in order to develop a comprehensive understanding of women’s use of vibrators with their female sexual partners and to understand the extent to which vibrator use is related to their sexual experiences.

Methods
Data were collected via a cross-sectional web-based survey from 2,192 women living in the United States and the United Kingdom. All participants reported engaging in sexual behavior with only women in the previous year.

Main Outcome Measures
Sociodemographic characteristics, vibrator use history, vibrator use perceptions, and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI).

Results
Over three-quarters of women in the sample reported a history of vibrator use during solo masturbation/with a female partner and over a quarter of the sample reported use in the previous month. Participants who were older, white, and in a long-term relationship were the most likely to use a vibrator with a female partner in the previous year. Vibrator use lifetime history was unrelated to all FSFI subscales with the exception of pain for lesbian and queer-identified women. In contrast to lifetime use, participants who used a vibrator with a female sexual partner in the previous month scored higher on several of the FSFI domains than women who reported no vibrator use or vibrator use only during solo masturbation in the past month.

Conclusions
Vibrator use was common among this sample of women who have sex with women. Women who reported recent vibrator use with other women had higher mean sexual functioning scores than women who reported no vibrator use or vibrator use only during masturbation. Implications for health-care providers are discussed.
Minimal Clinically Important Differences in the Vaginal Insertion and Successful Intercourse Items of the Sexual Encounter Profile
Authors: Araujo Andre B. , Allen Kerstin R. , Ni Xiao , Rosen Raymond C. 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Despite adoption of the successful vaginal insertion (Q2) and intercourse (Q3) items of the sexual encounter profile (SEP) as end points in clinical trials, there are no objective data on what constitute minimal clinically important differences (MCIDs) in these items.

Aim
The objective was to estimate the MCID for SEP Q2 and Q3.

Methods
Using data from 17 randomized, controlled trials of the phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor tadalafil, we estimated MCIDs for the SEP using anchor-based approaches. The 17 studies included 3,345 patients treated for 12 weeks. The anchor for the MCID is the minimal improvement measure calculated using change from baseline to 12 weeks on the following question: “Over the past 4 weeks, when you attempted sexual intercourse how often was it satisfactory for you?” MCIDs were developed using analysis of variance- and receiver operating characteristic (ROC)-based methods in a subset of studies (N = 11) by comparing patients with and without minimal improvement (N = 863). MCIDs were validated in the remaining six studies (N = 377).

Main Outcome Measures
The main outcome measures of this study are SEP Q2 and Q3.

Results
Using the ROC-based approach, the MCID for SEP Q2 was 21.4%, with estimated sensitivity of 0.55 and specificity of 0.73; the MCID for SEP Q3 was 23.0%, with estimated sensitivity of 0.72 and specificity of 0.78. MCIDs for SEP Q2/Q3 varied significantly (P &lt; 0.001) according to baseline erectile dysfunction (ED) severity. MCIDs distinguished between patients in the validation sample classified as no change or minimally improved in each ED etiology, ED duration, and age group, but less well across geographic regions.

Conclusions
The contextualization of treatment-related changes into clinically relevant terms is essential to understanding treatment efficacy, interpreting results across studies, and for effective patient management. Overall, there was a better balance between sensitivity and specificity of the MCIDs using the ROC-based approach for the SEP intercourse success item than for the vaginal insertion item.
Is Roifman syndrome an X‐linked ciliopathy with humoral immunodeficiency? Evidence from 2 new cases
Authors: Gray P. E. A. , Sillence D. , Kakakios A. 
Published: October 2011

SummaryRoifman syndrome is a rare syndrome of bone dysplasia, growth retardation, retinal dystrophy and humeral immunodeficiency. Six cases have been reported to date, all of whom are male. We report a boy with clinical features of Roifman syndrome, whose older sister has skewed X‐inactivation and a milder phenotype of the same disorder, supporting the hypothesis that this is an X‐linked recessive condition. Both children had previously had a provisional diagnosis of Jeune dysplasia, and the boy had neonatal hip X‐rays which demonstrated ‘acetabular spurs’ which are seen in a number of diseases thought to be caused by dysfunction of nonmotile cilia, including Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy. This finding in combination with other features such as retinal dystrophy, hepatic and renal disease suggests that the gene which is affected in Roifman syndrome may be involved with the function of nonmotile cilia and that Roifman syndrome may be the first example of a ciliopathy with associated immunodeficiency.
Asthma‐related SNP in FCER2 is associated with increased expression of IL‐4R on human B cells
Authors: Chan M. A. , Gigliotti N. M. , Meng J. , Rosenwasser L. J. 
Published: October 2011

SummaryA SNP (rs2228137) (R62W) in FCER2 has been linked with severe exacerbations in asthmatics. Transfectants expressing the SNP exhibited increased IL‐4Rα expression after stimulation through CD23 compared with wild‐type. Our data suggest that the SNP may favour increased IgE production through increased responsiveness to IL‐4 in patients possessing this genotype.