bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive event‐triggered tracking control for nonlinear networked systems with dynamic quantization and deception attacks
Authors: Liu Xi‐Ming , Chang Xiao‐Heng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe problem of adaptive event‐triggered security tracking controller design is studied for interval type‐2 (IT2) Takagi‐Sugeno (T‐S) fuzzy‐approximation‐based nonlinear networked systems with deception attacks, privacy protection, and dynamic quantization in this paper. To reduce the network burden, the adaptive event‐triggered schemes (AETSs) and dynamic quantization are introduced to reduce unnecessary transmission and the number of network packets, respectively. Under the framework of network security, a novel security co‐design scheme with the tracking controller, AETSs, and the quantizers is developed, in which the privacy protection of the reference model and the deception attacks of the controller are taken into consideration simultaneously. Sufficient conditions for the results system to be mean‐square asymptotically stable with a tracking performance are established. Finally, two practical simulation examples demonstrate the effectiveness and novelty of the proposed design strategy.
Synthesis and Characterization of Propofol‐Like Compounds, Anticancer Activities and Investigation of Their Anesthetic Effects by Molecular Docking
Authors: Demirci Serpil , Uslu Harun , Mermer Arif , Yesilay Gamze , Betul Aydin Zehra 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study was designed to synthesize hybrid molecules starting from 2,6‐diisopropyl aniline (1), which is similar to Propofol (2,6‐diisopropyl phenol), by increasing its biological activity with other heterocycles and to determine the anesthetic activity of the obtained compounds. For this purpose, commercially available 2,6‐diisopropylaniline (1) was used as a starting compound. Then, ester (2), hydrazide (3), carbothioamide (5, 6) and Schiff bases derivatives (4 a–f) were synthesized, respectively. To achieve the etomidate‐like target compound 8, compound 7 containing chloroacetamide group was firstly synthesized from starting compound 1, and this compound reacted with ethyl‐1H‐imidazole‐5‐carboxylate. The structures of the newyl synthesized 12 compounds were characterized and confirmed by FT‐IR, MALDI‐TOF/MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR.Within the scope of in silico study, ligand binding status of all compounds on the GABAA receptor was revealed. Molecular docking studies of them with GABAA found out that the interaction modes, including van der Waals interactions, hydrogen bonds, and pi‐pi interactions, are similar to that of the cocrystalline ligand Propofol. For the compounds 1, 2, 3, 4 d, 5, 7 have micromolar (μM) level, for the compounds 4 a, 4 b, 4 c, 4 e, 4 f, 6 and 8 have nanomolar (nM) level of inhibition has been estimated. When all data such as active localization, interacting residues, bond types formed, estimated Ki values, docking scores are evaluated together, compounds 1, 2, 3 and 7 which can be considered as synthesis starting or intermediate material, may be less effective.On the other hand the anticancer activities of the synthesized compounds were investigated against A549 (non‐small cell lung carcinoma) and BEAS‐2B cell line (normal bronchial epithelial) cell lines using Resazurin cell viability assay. It has been revealed that the compounds 4, 5, 6 and 8 may be more active in terms of anesthetic activity, whereas only compound 6 showed anti‐cancer activity.
Monolayer Vacancy‐Induced MXene Memory for Write‐Verify‐Free Programming
Authors: Tan Dongchen , Sun Nan , Huang Jijie , Zhang Zhaorui , Zeng Lijun , Li Qikun , Bi Sheng , Bu Jingyuan , Peng Yan , Guo Qinlei , Jiang Chengming 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe fundamental logic states of 1 and 0 in Complementary Metal‐Oxide‐Semiconductor (CMOS) are essential for modern high‐speed non‐volatile solid‐state memories. However, the accumulated storage signal in conventional physical components often leads to data distortion after multiple write operations. This necessitates a write‐verify operation to ensure proper values within the 0/1 threshold ranges. In this work, a non‐gradual switching memory with two distinct stable resistance levels is introduced, enabled by the asymmetric vertical structure of monolayer vacancy‐induced oxidized Ti3C2Tx MXene for efficient carrier trapping and releasing. This non‐cumulative resistance effect allows non‐volatile memories to attain valid 0/1 logic levels through direct reprogramming, eliminating the need for a write‐verify operation. The device exhibits superior performance characteristics, including short write/erase times (100 ns), a large switching ratio (≈3 × 104), long cyclic endurance (>104 cycles), extended retention (>4 × 106 s), and highly resistive stability (>104 continuous write operations). These findings present promising avenues for next‐generation resistive memories, offering faster programming speed, exceptional write performance, and streamlined algorithms.
Viologen‐Cucurbit[7]uril Based Polyrotaxanated Covalent Organic Networks: A Metal Free Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Ambrose Bebin , Madhu Ragunath , Ramamurthy Kalaivanan , Kathiresan Murugavel , Kundu Subrata 
Published: April 2024

AbstractViologen‐based covalent organic networks represent a burgeoning class of materials distinguished by their captivating properties. Here, supramolecular chemistry is harnessed to fabricate polyrotaxanated ionic covalent organic polymers (iCOP) through a Schiff‐base condensation reaction under solvothermal conditions. The reaction between 1,1′‐bis(4‐aminophenyl)‐[4,4′‐bipyridine]‐1,1′‐diium dichloride (DPV‐NH2) and 1,3,5‐triformylphloroglucinol (TPG) in various solvents yields an iCOP‐1 and iCOP‐2. Likewise, employing cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) in the reaction yielded polyrotaxanated iCOPs, denoted as iCOP‐CB[7]‐1 and iCOP‐CB[7]‐2. All four iCOPs exhibit exceptional stability under the acidic and basic conditions. iCOP‐CB[7]‐2 displays outstanding electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) performance, demanding an overpotential of 296 and 332 mV at 10 and 20 mA cm−2, respectively. Moreover, the CB[7] integrated iCOP‐2 exhibits a long‐term stable nature for 30 h in 1 m KOH environment. Further, intrinsic activity studies like TOF show a 4.2‐fold increase in generation of oxygen (O2) molecules than the bare iCOP‐2. Also, it is found that iCOP‐CB[7]‐2 exhibits a high specific (19.48 mA cm−2) and mass activity (76.74 mA mg−1) at 1.59 V versus RHE. Operando‐EIS study evident that iCOP‐CB[7]‐2 commences OER at a relatively low applied potential of 1.5 V versus RHE. These findings pave the way for a novel approach to synthesizing various mechanically interlocked molecules through straightforward solvothermal conditions.
What you think you know shapes what you see: How epistemology shapes curriculum, teaching, and learning
Authors: Teal Cayla R. , Tucker Constance R. , Hanson Janice L. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article describes the need for health professions educators to consider their and others’ epistemologies in their work. It introduces four categories of epistemic beliefs and discusses common topics and their relationships to epistemological traditions, including how they can conflict with one another. It also suggests a mechanism for surfacing and managing epistemological tensions.
Formalizing the scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) in health professions education (HPE): A descriptive case study of a master of education degree program in HPE
Authors: Soh Michael , Samuel Anita , Cervero Ronald M. , Durning Steven J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis chapter describes a blended graduate degree program, built on the principles of the scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL), that can serve as a roadmap for how health professions education can formalize, and advance, SoTL‐based work.
A prognostic model for hepatocellular carcinoma patients based on polyunsaturated fatty acid‐related genes
Authors: Lin Yun , Li Ruihao , Li Tong , Zhao Wenrong , Ye Qianling , Dong Chunyan , Gao Yong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivePolyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have attracted increasing attention for their role in liver cancer development. The objective of this study is to develop a prognosis prediction model for patients with liver cancer based on PUFA‐related metabolic gene characteristics.MethodTranscriptome data and clinical data were obtained from public databases, while gene sets related to PUFAs were acquired from the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) database. Univariate Cox analysis was conducted on the training set, followed by LASSO logistic regression and multivariate Cox analysis on genes with p < .05. Subsequently, the stepwise Akaike information criterion method was employed to construct the model. The high‐ and low‐risk groups were divided based on the median score, and the model's survival prediction ability, diagnostic efficiency, and risk score distribution of clinical features were validated. The above procedures were also validated in the validation set. Immune infiltration levels were evaluated using four algorithms, and the immunotherapeutic potential of different groups was explored. Significant enrichment pathways among different groups were selected based on the GSEA algorithm, and mutation analyses were conducted. Nomogram prognostic models were constructed by incorporating clinical factors and risk scores using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, validated through calibration curves and clinical decision curves. Additionally, sensitivity analysis of drugs was performed to screen potential targeted drugs.ResultsWe constructed a prognostic model comprising eight genes (PLA2G12A, CYP2C8, ABCCI, CD74, CCR7, P2RY4, P2RY6, and YY1). Validation across multiple datasets indicated the model's favorable prognostic prediction ability and diagnostic efficiency, with poorer grading and staging observed in the high‐risk group. Variations in mutation status and pathway enrichment were noted among different groups. Incorporating Stage, Grade, T.Stage, and RiskScore into the nomogram prognostic model demonstrated good accuracy and clinical decision benefits. Multiple immune analyses suggested greater benefits from immunotherapy in the low‐risk group. We predicted multiple targeted drugs, providing a basis for drug development.ConclusionOur study's multifactorial prognostic model across multiple datasets demonstrates good applicability, offering a reliable tool for personalized therapy. Immunological and mutation‐related analyses provide theoretical foundations for further research. Drug predictions offer important insights for future drug development and treatment strategies. Overall, this study provides comprehensive insights into tumor prognosis assessment and personalized treatment planning.
Terpenes and polyketides from the marine‐derived fungus Penicillium sp. OPR23‐FS02 with cytotoxic and antimicrobial effects
Authors: Anh Do Hoang , Tu Nguyen Tien , Hanh Tran Thi Hong , Cuong Nguyen Xuan , Vien Le Thi , Ngan Nguyen Thi Thanh , Ha Dao Viet , Quang Tran Hong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChemical study of the fermentation culture of the marine‐derived fungal strain Penicillium sp. OPR23‐FS02 led to isolation of ten secondary metabolites, including two terpenes, purpuride (1) and penioxalicin (2) and eight polyketides, trans‐3,4‐dihydro‐3,4,8‐trihydroxynaphthalen‐1(2H)‐one (3), chloromonilinic acid B (4), chrysophanol (5), emodin (6), ω‐hydroxyemodin (7), questin (8), endocrocin (9), and ergochrome F (10). Their structures were elucidated by analyzing their NMR and HRESI mass spectra and comparing with the literature data. Compound 9 was weakly cytotoxic against HepG2 cell line, with an IC50 value of 89.86 ± 2.63 µm. Compounds 4 and 10 showed antimicrobial effect against Enterococcus faecalis whereas 6 inhibited Bacillus cereus growth, with the same MIC values of 64 µm.
War and Peace in European Studies: a Zeitenwende?
Authors: Jørgensen Knud Erik 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis chapter examines the potential impact of the war in Ukraine on EU Studies. While the war is the most destructive war within Europe since the end of World War II, this chapter argues that the war is unlikely to have a major impact on the field of research. In general EU Studies is a field of research that is uncomfortable with war. Hence, the Algerian War, colonial wars in general, the Vietnam War, the Cold War, the Falklands War and the wars in Yugoslavia are largely not considered in reflections on the dynamics of European integration. Subsequently, this chapter outlines four reasons why it is unlikely that the war in Ukraine will prompt a Zeitenwende in EU Studies: (i) the wars in Yugoslavia did not cause much reflection about EU Studies and war. Instead, Comparative Politics (Hix 1994; Sbragia 1992) became an increasingly strong sub-field; (ii) a Zeitenwende is unlikely because academic path-dependencies are too strong. Most academics in Economics and Law never consider the role of war; (iii) EU Studies is predominantly characterized by a distinct liberal worldview and this worldview has not much in common with the worldview of the so-called Cold War Liberals; (iv) War Studies and EU Studies do not match well. Actually, the same applies to an interest in power politics and, not even realists in Europe perform well in the heartland of their theoretical tradition. This chapter concludes by arguing that the likely absence of impact should prompt a serious conversation about scenarios for desirable impact.
Secure and Sustainable? Unveiling the Impact of the Russian War on EU Energy Governance
Authors: Knodt Michèle , Ringel Marc , Bruch Nils 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Russian war of aggression against Ukraine has brought EU energy security to the forefront of the agenda, leading to a potential shift away from climate objectives. Our contribution provides a preliminary assessment of the first eighteen months of EU reactions to the war and discusses its transformative effect on EU energy policy. Short-term responses of European Member States indicate a “security first” approach, including the reactivation of coal-fired power stations and the substitution of Russian gas with liquefied natural gas (LNG) delivered by sea. This approach has resulted in increased prices in global energy markets and the risk of missing climate targets, thereby underscoring the necessity of increased European coordination and cooperation.Despite initial downgrading tendencies, the war has actually fostered greater coherence between energy security and climate goals. Notably, the development of green hydrogen could act as a catalyst for Europe's energy transition, strengthening the European Green Deal. Nevertheless, both emergency legislation and EU energy legislation face difficulties. Emergency measures bypass parliamentary scrutiny, raising concerns about legitimacy, while EU energy legislation lacks the power to influence national energy policies. The need for stronger governance is evident as targets are raised, necessitating the inclusion of harder elements in energy legislation.
Sentiment
Authors: Moreno-Ortiz Antonio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSentiment analysis tools are very powerful when it comes to obtaining a description of the emotional aspect of the contents of a corpus. This chapter describes the methods and tools available, and illustrates what can be achieved with them. Both machine learning ad lexicon-based approaches are described and used, as they can provide different advantages. Whereas machine/deep learning approaches are the state of the art in sentiment classification tasks, lexicon-based tools can provide further insights, as they are able to retrieve the actual sentiment words and expressions used in the corpus. Finally, the role of emojis is discussed and illustrated with a frequency analysis of the most prominent emojis used in the CCTC.
Hashtags
Authors: Moreno-Ortiz Antonio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe presence of certain textual elements specific to social media is ubiquitous and has transcended social media. Hashtags and emojis are now present in a number of discourse types and are even used in spoken language. While emojis carry out the function of expressing sentiment or emotions, as we saw in the previous chapter, hashtags attempt to condense a complex idea into a textual sequence of varying length with the aim of sharing and quickly disseminating it. This chapter contains a description of the most relevant hashtags used in the CCTC, focusing on the differences found among several countries, which reveal significant differences between them.
Advanced diffusion MRI provides evidence for altered axonal microstructure and gradual peritumoral infiltration in GBM in comparison to brain metastases
Authors: Würtemberger U. , Rau A. , Diebold M. , Becker L. , Hohenhaus M. , Beck J. , Reinacher P. C. , Erny D. , Reisert M. , Urbach H. , Demerath T. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
In contrast to peritumoral edema in metastases, GBM is histopathologically characterized by infiltrating tumor cells within the T2 signal alterations. We hypothesized that depending on the distance from the outline of the contrast-enhancing tumor we might reveal imaging evidence of gradual peritumoral infiltration in GBM and predominantly vasogenic edema around metastases. We thus investigated the gradual change of advanced diffusion metrics with the peritumoral zone in metastases and GBM.

Methods
In 30 patients with GBM and 28 with brain metastases, peritumoral T2 hyperintensity was segmented in 33% partitions based on the total volume beginning at the enhancing tumor margin and divided into inner, middle and outer zones. Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI)-derived fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity as well as Diffusion Microstructure Imaging (DMI)-based parameters Dax-intra, Dax-extra, V‑CSF and V-intra were employed to assess group-wise differences between inner and outer zones as well as within-group gradients between the inner and outer zones.

Results
In metastases, fractional anisotropy and Dax-extra were significantly reduced in the inner zone compared to the outer zone (FA p = 0.01; Dax-extra p = 0.03). In GBM, we noted a reduced Dax-extra and significantly lower intraaxonal volume fraction (Dax-extra p = 0.008, V‑intra p = 0.006) accompanied by elevated axial intraaxonal diffusivity in the inner zone (p = 0.035). Between-group comparison of the outer to the inner zones revealed significantly higher gradients in metastases over GBM for FA (p = 0.04) as well as the axial diffusivity in the intra- (p = 0.02) and extraaxonal compartment (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Our findings provide evidence of gradual alterations within the peritumoral zone of brain tumors. These are compatible with predominant (vasogenic) edema formation in metastases, whereas our findings in GBM are in line with an axonal destructive component in the immediate peritumoral area and evidence of tumor cell infiltration with accentuation in the tumor’s vicinity.
Cepheids as distance indicators and stellar tracers
Authors: Bono G. , Braga V. F. , Pietrinferni A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe review the phenomenology of classical Cepheids (CCs), Anomalous Cepheids (ACs) and type II Cepheids (TIICs) in the Milky Way (MW) and in the Magellanic Clouds (MCs). We also examine the Hertzsprung progression in different stellar systems by using the shape of I-band light curves (Fourier parameters) and observables based on the difference in magnitude and in phase between the bump and the minimum in luminosity. The distribution of Cepheids in optical and in optical–near infrared (NIR) color–magnitude diagrams is investigated to constrain the topology of the instability strip. The use of Cepheids as tracers of young (CCs), intermediate (ACs) and old (TIICs) stellar populations are brought forward by the comparison between observations (MCs) and cluster isochrones covering a broad range in stellar ages and in chemical compositions. The different diagnostics adopted to estimate individual distances (period–luminosity, period–Wesenheit, period–luminosity–color relations) are reviewed together with pros and cons in the use of fundamental and overtones, optical and NIR photometric bands, and reddening free pseudo magnitudes (Wesenheit). We also discuss the use of CCs as stellar tracers and the radial gradients among the different groups of elements (iron, $$\alpha $$
α
, neutron-capture) together with their age-dependence. Finally, we briefly outline the role that near-future space and ground-based facilities will play in the astrophysical and cosmological use of Cepheids.
CIRSE Standards of Practice on Carotid Artery Stenting
Authors: Spiliopoulos Stavros , Blanc Raphaël , Gandini Roberto , Müller-Hülsbeck Stefan , Reith Wolfgang , Moschovaki-Zeiger Ornella 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Carotid artery stenting has been used effectively to treat internal carotid artery stenosis since 1989 (Mathias et al. in World J Surg. 25(3):328-34, 2001), with refined and expanded techniques and tools presently delivering outstanding results in percutaneous endoluminal treatment of carotid artery stenosis.

Purpose
This CIRSE Standards of Practice document is directed at interventional radiologists and details the guidelines for carotid artery stenting, as well as the different implementation techniques. In addition to updating all previously published material on the different clinical indications, it will provide all technical details reflective of European practice for carotid artery stenting. CIRSE Standards of Practice documents do not aim to implement a standard of clinical patient care, but rather to provide a realistic strategy and best practices for the execution of this procedure.

Methods
The writing group, which was established by the CIRSE Standards of Practice Committee, consisted of five clinicians with internationally recognised expertise in carotid artery stenting procedures. The writing group reviewed existing literature on carotid artery stenting procedures, performing a pragmatic evidence search using PubMed to select relevant publications in the English language from 2006 to 2022.

Results
Carotid artery stenting has an established role in the management of internal carotid artery stenosis; this Standards of Practice document provides up-to-date recommendations for its safe performance.
Development of quality assessment tool for systematic reviews and meta-analyses of real-world studies: a Delphi consensus survey
Authors: Gebrye Tadesse , Mbada Chidozie , Hakimi Zalmai , Fatoye Francis 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe increasing adoption of real-world studies in healthcare for decision making and planning has further necessitated the need for a specific quality assessment tool for evidence synthesis. This study aimed to develop a quality assessment tool for systematic reviews (SR) and meta-analysis (MA) involving real-world studies (QATSM-RWS) using a formal consensus method. Based on scoping review, the authors identified a list of items for possible inclusion in the quality assessment tool. A Delphi survey was formulated based on the identified items. A total of 89 experts, purposively recruited, with research experience in real-world data were invited to participate in the first round of Delphi survey. The participants who responded in the first Delphi round were invited to participate (n = 15) in the phrasing of the items. Strong level of agreement was found on the proposed list of items after the first round of Delphi. A rate of agreement ≥ 0.70 was used to define which items to keep in the tool. A list of 14 items emerged as suitable for QATSM-RWS. The items were structured under five domains: introduction, methods, results, discussions, and others. All participants agreed with the proposed phrasing of the items. This is the first study that has developed a specific tool that can be used to appraise the quality of SR and MA involving real-world studies. QATSM-RWS may be used by policymakers, clinicians, and practitioners when evaluating and generating real-world evidence. This tool is now undergoing validation process.