bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lightweight Composite Aramid Nanofiber Aerogel With Multistage Pores and Layered Structure for Acoustic and Thermal Insulation
Authors: Yan Ran , Qin Wenfeng , Gong Guochong , Chen Wang , Peng Hao , Zhou Bin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAerogels are currently advanced multifunctional sound‐absorbing materials. Aramid nanofiber aerogels (ANFs) also possess lightweight and excellent thermal insulation properties, making them high‐performance materials for extreme environments with broad application prospects. In this study, aramid fibers were used as raw materials, which were uniformly mixed with surfactants and cross‐linkers, followed by ultrasonic pulverization treatment to fabricate multilayered porous hierarchical composite aramid nanofiber aerogels (MPL‐ANFs). The results show that MPL‐ANFs not only retain the lightweight and excellent thermal insulation properties of ANFs but also form a hierarchical porous structure that effectively absorbs sound. Specifically, MPL‐ANFs with a surfactant‐to‐aramid fiber weight ratio of 1:1 exhibit excellent acoustic properties, with a noise reduction coefficient of 0.52 and an average sound absorption coefficient of 0.71. MPL‐ANFs also demonstrate flame retardant and superior thermal insulation properties, with a thermal conductivity of 0.0368 W/(m*K). After heating on a 120°C heat plate, the sound absorption performance of the aerogel remains largely unchanged. This work significantly enhances the potential of ANFs as novel acoustic materials, broadening their application prospects.
Board Gender Diversity and Carbon Trade Finance: Evidence From Multinational Corporations on the Role of Institutional Quality and Cultural Environment
Authors: Oyewo Babajide , Moses Olayinka , Orazalin Nurlan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigates whether board gender diversity influences carbon trade finance and ultimately achieves decarbonisation targets. Using a dataset of 5198 firm‐year observations from 336 multinational corporations (MNCs) spanning 42 industries and 32 countries over the period 2006–2022, we employ panel regression analysis to uncover key insights. Our findings reveal that although board gender diversity is positively associated with carbon trade finance, a critical mass of at least four female board directors is necessary to exert significant influence. Our results highlight the critical role of institutional factors, such as high control of corruption, strong voice and accountability, government effectiveness and a strong rule of law, in enhancing the impact of board gender diversity on carbon trade finance. Additionally, cultural environments play a pivotal role in shaping the relationship between board gender diversity and carbon trade finance. Our main conclusions are robust across alternative measures and validated using two‐stage least squares and propensity score matching techniques. We contribute to the literature on board gender diversity and carbon trade finance by empirically demonstrating the role of (in)formal institutional factors that influence the effectiveness of female directors in achieving sustainability outcomes. The findings offer valuable policy and practical implications for managers, regulators and stakeholders, shedding light on the interplay among board gender diversity, carbon emissions management, and the governance and cultural contexts at the country level.
Disclosure Dynamism: TCFD Aligned Climate Claims of UK Corporates
Authors: Cortés Daniel González , Lodh Suman , Akbar Saeed , Nandy Monomita 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis research examines how climate claims by companies from the United Kingdom have changed over the years, especially when they became certain about the mandate of the Taskforce on Climate‐related Financial Disclosure (TCFD). We use text data from FTSE 100 companies for eight consecutive years, starting from 2016, and apply the robust ClimateBERT algorithm to analyse company statements related to climate claims, where they claim how they take care of climate in their business operations. Our findings show that the total number of corporate climate claims made has substantially increased since 2016, resulting in an overall improvement in corporate environmental claims till 2023. This coincides with the official announcement of the TCFD mandate.Our analyses also indicate that the proportion of claims in each report has increased over the years despite economic uncertainties. Additionally, the study findings reveal that even industries with minimal or negligible climate claims can still be associated with carbon‐intensive activities. The complementary features of the legitimacy and stakeholder theories support our findings. By applying ClimateBERT, our research mitigates existing data challenges, yielding an efficient framework for analysing text through a robust natural language processing model. Our findings will assist policymakers in identifying necessary modifications to corporate climate disclosure and will help assess the impact of the Taskforce intervention on climate‐related financial disclosure.
Viologen as an Electrolyte Additive for Extreme Fast Charging of Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Kathiresan Murugavel , Lakshmi Abishek Kumar , Angulakshmi Natarajan , Garcia‐Ballesteros Sara , Bella Federico , Stephan A. Manuel 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAlthough lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) have found an unprecedented place among portable electronic devices owing to their attractive properties such as high energy density, single cell voltage, long shelf‐life, etc., their application in electric vehicles still requires further improvements in terms of power density, better safety, and fast‐charging ability (i.e., 15 min charging) for long driving range. The challenges of fast charging of LIBs have limitations such as low lithium‐ion transport in the bulk and solid electrode/electrolyte interfaces, which are mainly influenced by the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte. Therefore, electrolyte engineering plays a key role in enhancing the fast‐charging capability of LIBs. Here, we synthesize a novel propionic acid‐based viologen that contains a 4,4′‐bipyridinium unit and a terminal carboxylic acid group with positive charges that confine PF6‒ anions and accelerate the migration of lithium ions due to electrostatic repulsion, thus increasing the overall rate capability. The LiFePO4/Li cells with 0.25% of viologen added to the electrolyte show a discharge capacity of 110 mAh g‒1 at 6C with 95% of capacity retention even after 500 cycles. The added viologen not only enhances the electrochemical properties, but also significantly reduces the self‐extinguishing time.
Dental Visiting Patterns and Their Associations With Dental Caries and Periodontal Diseases
Authors: Amarasena Najith , Luzzi Liana , Chrisopoulos Sergio , Mejia Gloria 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesThis study was conducted to describe the dental visiting patterns and ascertain their associations with clinically assessed dental caries and periodontal disease levels of dentate Australian adults.Materials and MethodsA three‐stage stratified probability sampling design was used to randomly select a cross‐section of Australians aged 15+ years. Self‐reported oral health and related information was obtained using questionnaire‐based interviews. Dental visiting patterns studied were usual frequency of dental visits, usual reason for dental visit, and use of a regular dentist. Oral examinations were conducted following a standardized protocol in public dental clinics. A total of 5022 dentate adults aged 15+ years who were interviewed and orally examined were included in the current analysis.ResultsHigher proportions of adults with lower education levels and no dental insurance usually visited for a dental problem, made dental visits less frequently, and did not use a regular dentist. Individuals who were usually visiting for a dental problem, making dental visits less frequently, and not using a regular dentist had higher levels of dental caries and periodontal diseases.ConclusionsDental visiting patterns of Australian adults were associated with their socioeconomic backgrounds. Usually visiting for a dental problem, making dental visits less frequently, and not using a regular dentist were more likely to be associated with higher levels of dental caries and periodontal diseases. These findings may help clinicians to recognize patients at increased risk for dental caries and periodontal diseases while apprising policy makers to plan and implement programs for dental service provision.
Effects of Repeated Use and Sterilization on the Wear of Zirconia Implant Drills: A SEM‐Based Analysis
Authors: Alevizakos Vasilios , Mosch Richard , Platte Ann‐Christin , von See Constantin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesThis study evaluated the effects of repeated use and sterilization on the wear and cutting‐edge integrity of zirconia implant drills.Materials and MethodsSixty zirconium dioxide drills (Z‐Systems AG) with diameters of 2.3, 3.75, and 4.25 mm were tested. Drilling was performed in porcine mandibular bone under standardized conditions: 800 rpm, 50 Ncm torque, and 20 N axial pressure. Drills were divided into two groups: Group 1 (sterilized but unused) and Group 2 (30 drilling cycles with reprocessing). Wear was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at 1000x magnification, applying a three‐grade scoring system. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann–Whitney U test (p < 0.05).ResultsDrills subjected to 30 cycles showed significantly higher wear grades (Grade 2–3) compared to unused drills (Grade 0–1) (p < 0.001). The mean wear grades increased from 0.3 to 2.6 for 2.3 mm, from 0.4 to 2.7 for 3.75 mm, and from 0.2 to 2.7 for 4.25 mm drills. Effect sizes (r = 0.88–0.90) confirmed a strong relationship between repeated use and wear.ConclusionsZirconia drills show significant wear after 30 cycles. Although they offer potential as an alternative to steel drills, further research is needed to optimize cost‐effectiveness and clinical durability.Clinical Trial RegistrationNot applicable.
Harmonization of MRI sequences across ERN EpiCARE centers
Authors: Adler Sophie , D'Arco Felice , Mankad Kshitij , Kyncl Martin , Arzimanoglou Alexis , Marusic Petr 
Published: February 2025

AbstractNeuroimaging investigations are fundamental in the diagnosis of patients with epilepsy. The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) harmonized neuroimaging of epilepsy structural sequences (HARNESS‐MRI) protocol was intended as a generalizable structural MRI protocol. The European Reference Network for Rare and Complex Epilepsies, EpiCARE, includes 50 centers, across 26 countries, with expertise in epilepsy. We investigated adherence to the HARNESS‐MRI protocol across EpiCARE. A survey on the clinical use of imaging and postprocessing methods in epilepsy patients was distributed among the centers. A descriptive analysis was performed, and results were compared to existing guidelines, as well as a previous survey in 2016. 79% of centers were adhering to the HARNESS‐MRI protocol in all epilepsy patients. All centers were acquiring 3D T1‐weighted sequences, 90% were acquiring 3D FLAIR and 87% were acquiring high in‐plane 2D coronal T2 MRI sequences in all epilepsy patients. In comparison, in 2016, only 50% of centers were following MRI recommendations at the time. Across European expert epilepsy centers, there has been increased harmonization of MRI sequences since the introduction of the HARNESS‐MRI protocol. This standardization supports optimal radiological review at individual centers as well as enabling harmonization of multicenter datasets for research.Plain Language SummaryNeuroimaging investigations are a fundamental component of epilepsy diagnosis. The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) has created guidelines about what MRI images to obtain in all epilepsy patients. In this study, we assessed the adherence of expert European epilepsy centers to these guidelines and found that 79% are acquiring the minimum set of MRI scans in all epilepsy patients. Standardization of MRI imaging serves to improve epilepsy diagnosis across Europe.
A global approach to estimating import demand elasticities: Insights from major agricultural sectors
Authors: Muhammad Andrew , Hossen Md Deluair 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe present a framework for estimating global import demand across 22 product categories. By aggregating bilateral import data by exporting source, we assessed the worldwide impact of prices on import demand by source. This methodology facilitated the analysis of all exporting countries within a unified estimation framework, simplifying the process compared to estimating separate models for each importing country. Results indicate that estimating global demand within a single framework captures the competitive dynamics among exporters while yielding statistically significant and robust estimates. A global approach is especially useful when analyzing factors with global implications.
Liberalization of animal genetic resources trade and local animal productivity outcomes: A natural experiment
Authors: Schaefer K. Aleks , Kim Youngjune , van Winden Steven 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe assess the effects of trade liberalization in animal genetic resources on farm‐level productivity using a natural experiment on the Island of Jersey. For over 200 years, Jersey banned the import of bovine animals and semen to preserve breed purity. In 2008, the ban was lifted, allowing the import of Jersey‐certified sires and semen. Over the next 15 years, increased genetic access improved animal productivity, health, and genotype but slightly reduced reproductive performance.
Mechanistic Study of the Carbonylation of Aziridines to β‐Lactams: Alkylation, Solvent and Molecular NaBr and MgO Clusters Catalysts Effects
Authors: Jendoubi Abir , Zouaghi Mohamed Oussama , Arfaoui Youssef , Guégan Frédéric , Al‐Mogren Muneerah Mogren , Hochlaf Majdi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTUsing first principles methodology, we show that molecular NaBr and MgO nanoclusters are efficient ecofriendly and transition metal free catalysts for the carbonylation of aziridines to β‐lactams. Multi‐step mechanisms are proposed, where the activation energies of the rate‐determining step are strongly lowered compared to gas phase reaction, exhibiting, however, a unique step. Also, these reactions are viewed to be favored thermodynamically in the presence of these catalysts and also in solvents, in particular in methanol. We suggest thus the use of NaBr and MgO nanoclusters for these reactions. Besides, the present findings allow to explain the experimentally observed regioselectivity of carbonylation of aziridines reactions, where CO is added on the more substituted C of aziridine three‐membered ring. In sum, our work should motivate the use of such ecofriendly catalysts for carbonylation reactions without using transition metal catalysts.
Patients and families reading their discharge summaries: A cross‐sectional analysis of benefits, concerns, and implications
Authors: DesRoches Catherine M. , Herzig Shoshana J. , Dong Zhiyong , Bourgeois Fabienne , Hurwitz Isabel , Garcia Anna , Bell Sigall 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundTransitioning from hospital to home is fraught with anxiety and risk, as patients and family members assume responsibility for caring for themselves.ObjectivesWe aimed to explore patients' experiences with reading their discharge summaries and the impact of having this information during the posthospitalization period. We focus on opportunities to address common concerns—such as medication changes, follow‐up steps, and documentation errors.MethodsAn email‐based survey of hospitalized patients with portal accounts discharged to home was conducted between May 2022 and February 2023 at two academic health care centers in Boston, MA. We used qualitative and quantitative methods to analyze closed‐ended and free‐text survey responses. The primary outcomes were patient concerns about medications and the next steps.ResultsThree hundred and ninety‐two patients responded (hospital 1 = 321, response rate [RR] = 19.5%; hospital 2 = 71, RR = 4.9%). Patients reported positive effects of reading their discharge summary, including understanding the reason for hospitalization (66.9%) and next steps in managing their care (72.1%), and knowing how to take their medications (74%). Five percent reported a concern about taking a medication and 9.4% had a concern about next steps. In qualitative analysis of patient‐reported concerns, the most commonly noted were related to explanations and next steps.ConclusionsRapidly spreading information transparency could transform how patients engage in care and communicate with clinicians. Patients and families report benefits from reading discharge summaries; however, over a quarter reported a concern. More work is needed in the inpatient arena to understand how to capitalize on data transparency in a way that benefits patients, families, clinicians, and organizations.
A Modified Cauchy Problem With Nonlocal Boundary Condition for a Degenerate Hyperbolic Equation
Authors: Kakharman N. , Kalmenov T. SH. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTA new class of initial‐boundary value problems with nonlocal conditions on the Newton potential for the case of a hyperbolic equation with characteristic degeneration were set and studied. The a priori estimates of Sobolev norms for the solutions are established. Moreover, some estimates for the standard Bessel functions were established.
Nonlinear Boundary Control and Estimation of Distributed States in a Flexible Manipulator
Authors: Yaqubi S. , Mattila J. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a novel method for partial differential equation (PDE) endpoint control of a flexible manipulator, without using any form of mathematical simplification in PDE‐based calculations. It simultaneously addresses the issue of the unavailability of distributed states in an infinite‐dimensional flexible dynamic system. This two‐fold approach allows for the incorporation of estimated data describing the pose of the flexible manipulator into a model‐based PDE control scheme, facilitating convenient stability analysis and model‐based control design. This is achieved while maintaining the easily attainable measurement requirements of standard boundary control techniques, which involve the installation of sensors solely at the manipulator's endpoint. To this end, initially a practical, stability‐proofed distributed state observer is presented which is capable of estimating the deflection of the link throughout the length of the flexible arm based on a nonlinear PDE model. To reduce design complexity and the intensity of implementation, the observation is conducted using a novel partial state observer, which relies on a reduced number of system equations corresponding to the distributed state measurement error. Subsequently, the estimated states are used to construct a boundary controller for state tracking and the elimination of endpoint deflection, resulting in precise endpoint control. Furthermore, inevitable deviations from the nominal model are considered, ensuring the boundedness of the closed‐loop system response in the presence of parametric uncertainties through an adaptive design. A rigorous stability analysis of all elements of the closed‐loop systems incorporating PDE models is conducted based on Lyapunov stability theory and the extended LaSalle's invariance principle for infinite‐dimensional systems. Numerical simulations and analysis demonstrate the precision and efficiency of the proposed solutions.
Facile and Ultrafast Microfluidic Photothermal PCR for Autonomous and Quantitative Point‐of‐Care Pathogen Detection
Authors: Zou Yaowei , Liu Mingxu , Gao Zixi , Xue Yaohua , Qiu Jieyu , Zhang Huizhen , Li Xinying , Zhang Chunsun , Shu Bowen 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPoint‐of‐care (POC) pathogen detection is highly desirable in diverse fields such as infectious disease diagnosis, food safety testing, and environmental monitoring. Herein, the study seeks to address this critical need by developing an automated microfluidic photothermal quantitative polymerase chain reaction (AMP‐qPCR) system in a greatly simplified format. A key element of AMP‐qPCR is an architecture that combines the design of a clockwork‐like, magnetically‐driven multi‐chamber cartridge with the use of a cheap black tape beneath the PCR chamber as a fast photothermal‐responsive engine. This not only enables the unprocessed sample to be lysed, purified, and subjected to real‐time fluorescence PCR in an ultracompact and autonomous manner but also eliminates the need for sophisticated photonic material/device fabrication that is frequently required for performing ultrafast photothermal PCR. It is shown that AMP‐qPCR can accomplish high‐efficient bacterial DNA extraction and quantitative PCR within 18.5 min, enabling accurate quantification of bacteria concentration from 108 to 102 CFU·mL−1. Furthermore, its practical applicability is demonstrated in detecting Neisseria gonorrhoeae from sexually transmitted infection‐suspected patients by using clinical urine and cervical swab specimens, exhibiting matched performance to the benchtop automated machine. The presented platform enhances the availability of POC molecular diagnostics for on‐site and in‐home testing.
Panacea: An Automatic Data Migration Framework for Constructing Internet‐Scale Open Data Lakes
Authors: Kim Dasol , Won Heesun , Gil Myeong‐Seon , Moon Yang‐Sae 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundWith the recent growth in data‐driven research and development, the need to build integrated data lakes targeting Internet‐scale open data is rapidly increasing. In this study, we investigate the limitations of open data management and Internet‐scale migration to construct an integrated data lake, deriving related problems. First, open data lakes (ODLs) face problems of preprocessing complexity, scalability limitation, and platform dependency owing to their data management method and the characteristics of open data. Second, migrating data from distributed sources to a single data lake incurs problems such as migration incompleteness, scalability limitation, and resource wastage.AimsIn this study, we propose Panacea, a novel automation framework designed to solve these problems in the construction and migration of ODLs.MethodsPanacea addresses the first three problems caused by the characteristics of ODLs through automation expansion. Specifically, it resolves preprocessing complexity and scalability limitation by supporting the automation of catalog collection and preprocessing tasks, and alleviates platform dependency through universality across representative platforms by automating detailed catalog processing logic. Panacea also addresses the latter three problems of migration. Specifically, it supports the construction of domain‐based Internet‐scale data lakes by addressing migration incompleteness and scalability limitation through original data migration and automation expansion. Additionally, it tackles resource wastage by providing metadata management functions.ResultsWe address the aforementioned problems through automation logic and management modules that consider the characteristics of open data lakes. Comparative experiments with the legacy IMP‐CKAN demonstrate that Panacea performs migrations up to 216% faster in large‐scale experiments and up to 409% faster in large‐volume experiments. Moreover, its automation performance is up to 313% better than that of IMP‐CKAN.ConclusionThese experimental results indicate that Panacea is an excellent automation framework that enhances the utilization of open data and supports Internet‐scale migration for collecting research data. Furthermore, we demonstrate how to integrate Panacea with the open‐source framework Demeter, which can further enhance data usability. This framework will significantly assist many researchers facing data scarcity challenges.