bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is Chronic Pain Associated With Somatization/Hypochondriasis? An Evidence‐Based Structured Review
Authors: Fishbain David A. , Lewis John E. , Gao Jinrun , Cole Brandly , Steele Rosomoff R. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractStudy Design:  This is an evidence‐based structured review.Objectives:  The objectives of this review were to answer the following questions: (1) Are somatization/hypochondriasis associated with chronic pain? (2) Is the degree of somatization/hypochondriasis related to pain levels? (3) Does pain treatment improve somatization/hypochondriasis? (4) Are some pain diagnoses differentially associated with somatization/hypochondriasis?Methods:  Fifty‐seven studies which fulfilled inclusion criteria and had high quality scores were sorted by the above‐mentioned objectives. Agency for health care policy and research guidelines were utilized to type and characterize the strength/consistency of the study evidence within each objective.Results:  Somatization and hypochondriasis were both consistently associated with chronic pain (consistency ratings B and A, respectively). Study evidence indicated a correlation between pain intensity and presence of somatization and hypochondriasis (consistency rating A and B, respectively). Pain treatment improved somatization and hypochondriasis (consistency rating B and A, respectively). Some chronic pain diagnostic groups somatized more (consistency rating B).Conclusions:  Somatization is commonly associated with chronic pain and may relate to pain levels.
Reversal of Ketamine/Xylazine combination anesthesia by Atipamezole in olive baboons (Papio anubis)
Authors: Langoi D.L. , Mwethera P.G. , Abelson K.S.P. , Farah I.O. , Carlsson H.E. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackground The potential of Atipamezole (ATI) to reverse Ketamine/Xylazine (KET/XYL) anesthesia in the Olive baboon (Papio anubis) was studied.Methods Anesthesia was induced with 10 mg/kg KET and 0.5 mg/kg XYL intramuscularly. Mean arousal time (MAT), heart rate (HR), systolic arterial blood pressure (SAP), rectal temperature, respiratory rate (RR), and hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO2) were monitored. Baboons were treated with: KET/XYL only, KET/XYL followed by 100 μg/kg ATI or by 200 μg/kg ATI administered 25 minutes after KET/XYL.Results Atipamezole rapidly reversed depressed HR and SAP (10 ± 5.2 minutes), RR (5 ± 2 minutes) and SpO2(3 ± 6 minutes) and significantly decreased MAT (13 ± 2.2 minutes) vs. KET/XYL alone (35 ± 5 minutes). Emesis was absent and salivation was observed after administration of 200 μg/kg ATI only.Conclusions Atipamezole at 100 μg/kg is sufficient for rapid and smooth reversal of KET/XYL anesthesia in the Olive baboon with minimal side effects.
Variations of skin biophysical properties after recreational swimming
Authors: Gardinier Sophie , Guéhenneux Sabine , Latreille Julie , Guinot Christiane , Tschachler Erwin 
Published: September 2009

Background/purpose: Sensations of itching and skin tightness are frequently reported after recreational swimming in pool water. Our objective was to measure the potential changes occurring at the skin surface under such conditions.Methods: Nine women participated in this study, which consisted of two periods. During a 4‐day control period, basal biophysical skin parameters were assessed every morning. On the first day, measurements were also performed in the afternoon. The second study period followed the same study design as for the control period, except that, on the first day, women swam for 1 h in a public pool, between the measurements performed in the morning and the afternoon. Skin capacitance, transepidermal water loss, skin temperature, skin pH and sebum casual level (SCL) were measured on facial and body sites.Results: During the control period, biophysical skin parameters did not show significant variations. By contrast,  h after swimming, biophysical values showed significant changes for all test sites: skin pH increased, whereas skin capacitance and SCL decreased. Biophysical parameters returned to baseline values the day after swimming.Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that recreational swimming leads to significant transient changes in skin surface properties of women with healthy skin.
Is Entrepreneur–Politician Alliance Sustainable During Transition? The Case of Management Buyouts in China
Authors: Sun Pei , Wright Mike , Mellahi Kamel 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThis article explores the dynamic interactions between entrepreneurs and politicians in transitional China through the lens of management buyouts. Specifically, we identify two contrasting outcomes of entrepreneur–politician alliances: privatization buyouts by entrepreneurs implying sustainable original alliances and failed management buyouts implying the collapse of the original alliances. Drawing on the rent appropriation literature, we treat Chinese management buyouts as bargaining, clarification, and redistribution of organizational rent between entrepreneurs and the government agencies represented by local politicians. We further develop a model of entrepreneur–politician bargaining that identifies the determinants of varying rent bargaining and management buyout outcomes.
Susceptibility of mice to invasive aspergillosis correlates with delayed cell influx into the lungs
Authors: Svirshchevskaya E. V. , Shevchenko M. A. , Huet D. , Femenia F. , Latgé J.‐P. , Boireau P. , Berkova N. P. 
Published: September 2009

SummaryUbiquitous fungus Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) is involved in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA), a frequent infection in immunocompromized patients. Genetic differences are likely to play a role predisposing to IPA. This study was aimed to compare six genetically different mouse strains in their susceptibility to IPA and to determine possible mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of this infection. Immunosuppressed BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice infected with A. fumigatus conidia were more resistant to IPA than DBA/1, DBA/2, CBA, and A/Sn strains. Phagocytosis of A. fumigatus conidia by blood polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) or bone marrow derived dendritic cells showed no difference between strains. All IPA susceptible strains demonstrated decreased PMN influx into the lungs during infection compared with resistant strains. Flow cytometry analysis of the composition of lung infiltrating cells showed that IPA susceptible mice had a decreased number of phagocytes before the infection. After infection the numbers of Gr‐1+CD11b+ PMN cells in the lungs of immunosuppressed mice increased from 10–20% to 50–60% while the percentage of CD11+F4/80+ resident macrophages was unchanged. Among susceptible strains DBA/2 and A/Sn have a defect in C5 component of complement. Injection of normal serum into complement deficient but not into complement sufficient CBA or DBA/1 mice significantly improved their survival. We showed that complement replacement significantly increased PMN homing to the lungs of complement deficient mice. Thus, defect in complement system can predispose to IPA. Our results demonstrated that early influx of PMN into the lungs of mice is important for the resistance to IPA.
Frequency of the CCR5‐Δ32 polymorphism in the Maltese population at birth
Authors: Vidal C. , Xuereb‐Anastasi A. 
Published: September 2009

SummaryIn this study, the frequency of the CCR5‐Δ32 polymorphism was estimated in the human population of Malta. The frequency of the CCR5‐Δ32 allele was found to be 1.1% which was similar to that of other island populations, and agree with the north to south gradient observed across Europe.
Discovery of the orbital period in the supergiant fast X-ray transient IGR J17544–2619
Authors: Clark D. J. , Hill A. B. , Bird A. J. , McBride V. A. , Scaringi S. , Dean A. J. 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
The supergiant fast X-ray transient (SFXT) system IGR J17544−2619 has displayed many large outbursts in the past and is considered an archetypal example of SFXTs. A search of the INTEGRAL/ISGRI data archive from MJD 52698−54354 has revealed 11 outbursts and timing analysis of the light curve identifies a period of 4.926 ± 0.001d which we interpret as the orbital period of the system. We find that large outbursts occasionally occur outside of periastron and place an upper limit for the radius of the supergiant of &lt;23R⊙.
EGFRvIII‐Targeted Vaccination Therapy of Malignant Glioma
Authors: Choi Bryan D. , Archer Gary E. , Mitchell Duane A. , Heimberger Amy B. , McLendon Roger E. , Bigner Darell D. , Sampson John H. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractGiven the highly infiltrative growth pattern of malignant glioma and the lack of specificity associated with currently available treatment regimens, alternative strategies designed to eradicate cancer cells while limiting collateral toxicity in normal tissues remain a high priority. To this end, the development of specific immunotherapies against targeted neoplastic cells represents a promising approach.The epidermal growth factor receptor class III variant (EGFRvIII), a constitutively activated mutant of the wild‐type tyrosine kinase, is present in a substantial proportion of malignant gliomas and other human cancers, yet completely absent from normal tissues. This receptor variant consists of an in‐frame deletion, the translation of which produces an extracellular junction with a novel glycine residue, flanked by amino acid sequences that are not typically adjacent in the normal protein.In this review, both preclinical and early clinical development of a peptide vaccine directed against this portion of the EGFRvIII antigenic domain are recapitulated. Following vaccination, our group has demonstrated potent, redirected cellular and humoral immunity against cancer cells expressing the mutant receptor without significant toxicity. Additionally, the corresponding therapeutic outcomes observed in these studies lend credence to the potential role of peptide‐based vaccination strategies among emerging antitumor immunotherapies in patients with malignant glioma.
The little bacteria that can – diversity, genomics and ecophysiology of ‘Dehalococcoides’ spp. in contaminated environments
Authors: Taş Neslihan , Van Eekert Miriam H. A. , De Vos Willem M. , Smidt Hauke 
Published: September 2009

SummaryThe fate and persistence of chlorinated organics in the environment have been a concern for the past 50 years. Industrialization and extensive agricultural activities have led to the accumulation of these pollutants in the environment, while their adverse impact on various ecosystems and human health also became evident. This review provides an update on the current knowledge of specialized anaerobic bacteria, namely ‘Dehalococcoides’ spp., which are dedicated to the transformation of various chlorinated organic compounds via reductive dechlorination. Advances in microbiology and molecular techniques shed light into the diversity and functioning of Dehalococcoides spp. in several different locations. Recent genome sequencing projects revealed a large number of genes that are potentially involved in reductive dechlorination. Molecular approaches towards analysis of diversity and expression especially of reductive dehalogenase‐encoding genes are providing a growing body of knowledge on biodegradative pathways active in defined pure and mixed cultures as well as directly in the environment. Moreover, several successful field cases of bioremediation strengthen the notion of dedicated degraders such as Dehalococcoides spp. as key players in the restoration of contaminated environments.
Revolutionizing membrane protein overexpression in bacteria
Authors: Schlegel Susan , Klepsch Mirjam , Gialama Dimitra , Wickström David , Slotboom Dirk Jan , De Gier Jan‐Willem 
Published: September 2009

SummaryThe bacterium Escherichia coli is the most widely used expression host for overexpression trials of membrane proteins. Usually, different strains, culture conditions and expression regimes are screened for to identify the optimal overexpression strategy. However, yields are often not satisfactory, especially for eukaryotic membrane proteins. This has initiated a revolution of membrane protein overexpression in bacteria. Recent studies have shown that it is feasible to (i) engineer or select for E. coli strains with strongly improved membrane protein overexpression characteristics, (ii) use bacteria other than E. coli for the expression of membrane proteins, (iii) engineer or select for membrane protein variants that retain functionality but express better than the wild‐type protein, and (iv) express membrane proteins using E. coli‐based cell‐free systems.
Detection of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 in freshwater lakes of the former Soviet Republic of Georgia
Authors: Grim Christopher J. , Jaiani Ekaterina , Whitehouse Chris A. , Janelidze Nino , Kokashvili Tamuna , Tediashvili Marina , Colwell Rita R. , Huq Anwar 
Published: September 2009

SummaryThree freshwater lakes, Lisi Lake, Kumisi Lake and Tbilisi Sea, near Tbilisi, Georgia, were studied from January 2006 to December 2007 to determine the presence of Vibrio cholerae employing both bacteriological culture method and direct detection methods, namely PCR and direct fluorescent antibody (DFA). For PCR, DNA extracted from water samples was tested for presence of V. cholerae and genes coding for selected virulence factors. Vibrio cholerae non‐O1/non‐O139 was routinely isolated by culture from all three lakes; whereas V. cholerae O1 and O139 were not. Water samples collected during the summer months from Lisi Lake and Kumisi Lake were positive for both V. cholerae and V. cholerae ctxA, tcpA, zot, ompU and toxR by PCR. Water samples collected during the same period from both Lisi and Kumisi Lake were also positive for V. cholerae serogroup O1 by DFA. All of the samples were negative for V. cholerae serotype O139. The results of this study provide evidence for an environmental presence of toxigenic V. cholerae O1, which may represent a potential source of illness as these lakes serve as recreational water in Tbilisi, Georgia.
Alveolar bone and the bisphosphonates
Authors: Cheng A , Daly CG , Logan RM , Stein B , Goss AN 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBisphosphonate associated osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) usually commences at the alveolus. Comparison is made between the structure and function of long bones and alveolar bone and the differing susceptibilities of the bisphosphonates at these different sites are explored. Current concepts of the causation of ONJ are discussed. The clinical implications of these findings to dentists managing periodontal conditions are presented.
Non‐surgical management of periodontal disease
Authors: Darby I 
Published: September 2009

AbstractNon‐surgical removal of plaque and calculus has been part of the initial phase of the management of patients with gingivitis and periodontitis for decades. It consists of patient motivation and oral hygiene instruction as well as mechanical removal of supra and subgingival plaque deposits. The purpose of this review was to assess recent changes. The article reports on changes in our understanding of plaque as a biofilm, developments in patient plaque control, chemical plaque control and scaling instruments. It also comments on full‐mouth disinfection, the use of lasers and host modulation. Modern technology has made removal of microbial deposits by the patient and dental professionals more efficient. However, other advancements need to be used in conjunction with mechanical debridement at this time.
Photodynamic therapy: a targeted therapy in periodontics
Authors: Raghavendra M , Koregol A , Bhola S 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe oral cavity is colonized by a large number and highly diversified communities of micro‐organisms. Bacterial biofilm present on tooth or root surface is a major cause of gingivitis and periodontitis. Chemical antimicrobial agents are widely used in prophylactic and therapeutic regimens for dental plaque related diseases, which are among the most common human infections. As these agents are difficult to maintain at therapeutic concentrations in the oral cavity and can be rendered ineffective by resistance development in target organisms, there is a need for an alternative antimicrobial approach. A novel approach, photodynamic therapy (PDT), could be a solution to these problems. Lethal photosensitization of many bacteria, both Gram positive and Gram negative was found in many studies. The advantage of this new approach includes rapid bacterial elimination, minimal chance of resistance development and safety of adjacent host tissue and normal microflora. Thus, the available knowledge of photodynamic therapy should encourage a more clinically oriented application of this technique.
Chow motives without projectivity
Authors: Wildeshaus Jörg 
Published: September 2009

AbstractIn a recent paper, Bondarko [Weight structures vs. t-structures; weight filtrations, spectral sequences, and complexes (for motives and in general), Preprint (2007), 0704.4003] defined the notion of weight structure, and proved that the category DMgm(k) of geometrical motives over a perfect field k, as defined and studied by Voevodsky, Suslin and Friedlander [Cycles, transfers, and motivic homology theories, Annals of Mathematics Studies, vol. 143 (Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 2000)], is canonically equipped with such a structure. Building on this result, and under a condition on the weights avoided by the boundary motive [J. Wildeshaus, The boundary motive: definition and basic properties, Compositio Math. 142 (2006), 631–656], we describe a method to construct intrinsically in DMgm(k) a motivic version of interior cohomology of smooth, but possibly non-projective schemes. In a sequel to this work [J. Wildeshaus, On the interior motive of certain Shimura varieties: the case of Hilbert–Blumenthal varieties, Preprint (2009), 0906.4239], this method will be applied to Shimura varieties.
Laser Acupuncture for Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Glazov Gregory , Schattner Peter , Lopez Derrick , Shandley Kerrie 
Published: September 2009

Objective The primary aim was to determine if laser acupuncture (LA) is more effective than sham laser in reducing pain and disability in adults with chronic non-specific low back pain. Methods The design was a double blind, two-group parallel randomised controlled trial. The active intervention was an 830 nm (infrared), 10 mW, Ga-Al-As laser diode laser for acupuncture and a sham control. The primary outcome measures were changes in pain (visual analogue scale) and disability (Oswestry Disability Index) at the end of 5–10 treatment sessions. Secondary outcomes were patient global assessment, psychological distress (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale) and subjective wellbeing (Personal Wellbeing Index). Follow up was performed at 6 weeks and 6 months after completion of treatment. Results 100 participants were enrolled and treated in a general practice setting. Per protocol analysis of the primary outcome measures using ANOVA suggested that although there was a significant overall improvement in pain and disability after the course of treatments (p<0.01), there was no significant difference between the intervention and control group in both the primary and most secondary outcome measures. Conclusion This study did not show a specific effect for LA using infrared laser at 0.2 Joules per point for chronic low back pain. The overall intervention appeared effective because of placebo and other factors. As there was some concern about baseline inequality between the groups further research using tighter inclusion criteria should attempt to replicate the result and examine if a dose response may exist.
Cardiac findings in the precompetition medical assessment of football players participating in the 2009 African Under-17 Championships in Algeria
Authors: Schmied C , Zerguini Y , Junge A , Tscholl P , Pelliccia A , Mayosi B M , Dvorak J 
Published: September 2009

Objectives:To screen all players registered for the 8th CAF African Under-17 Championship for risk factors of sudden cardiac death.Design:Standardised cardiac evaluation prior to the start of the competition.Study population:155 male football players from all eight qualified teams; mean age 16.4 (SD 0.68) years (range 14 to 17).Methods:The cardiac evaluation consisted of a medical history, clinical examination, 12-lead resting electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiography, and was performed by three experienced cardiologists using established guidelines.Results:Nine (5.8%) players reported cardiac symptoms, and the clinical examination was abnormal in only two players with elevated blood pressure. A total of 40 players (25.8%) showed abnormal ECG patterns. None of the players with a positive ECG showed correlating echocardiographic findings. The echocardiogram of one player appeared highly suspicious for early-stage hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and in another player the myocardium was suspicious for non-compaction cardiomyopathy, but both had normal ECGs. Thirteen (8.4%) players showed echocardiographic findings that needed further follow-up. The percentage of players with pathological ECG patterns and some abnormal echocardiographic measurements varied substantially between different ethnic groups.Conclusion:Cardiological screening for risk factors of sudden cardiac death of football players prior to an international competition proved feasible, and conduction by independent experts allowed high-quality standards and a consistent protocol for the examinations. Differences observed between ethnic groups indicate that guidelines for the analysis of ECGs and echocardiography might be adjusted to the target population.
Oestrogen receptor β expression in pleomorphic adenomas of the parotid gland
Authors: Wong M H W , Dobbins T A , Tseung J , Tran N , Lee C S , O’Brien C J , Clark J , Rose B R 
Published: September 2009

Aims:Pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary gland have gender and age distributions suggesting that oestrogen has a causal role. However, oestrogen receptor (ER)α is expressed at low levels in normal salivary gland tissues and data from salivary gland tumours are conflicting. There is preliminary evidence that the recently described ERβ may be the major ER in salivary gland tissue. The aim of this study was to determine the nature and extent of ERβ expression in pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary gland.Methods:Pleomorphic adenomas and normal tissues of the parotid gland from 49 patients were tested for ERα and ERβ expression by semiquantitative immunohistochemistry. Associations were sought with patient age and gender.Results:ERα and ERβ expression was localised mainly to the nuclei of ductal cells in normal tissues and the epithelial components in pleomorphic adenomas. Within each tissue and receptor type there were no associations between ER positivity and patient age or gender. ERβ was expressed in almost twice as many normal tissues and pleomorphic adenomas as ERα. Expression of ERβ was also significantly higher in tumour compared with normal tissues.Conclusions:This is thought to be the first study of ERβ in pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary gland. Findings support ERβ as the major ER in salivary glands, and provide evidence that ERβ may have a role in the development of pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary gland.