bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Deposition for Cultivating Nano‐ and Microstructured Electroactive Materials for Supercapacitors: Recent Developments and Future Perspectives
Authors: Kumar S. Ashok , Sahoo Surjit , Laxminarayana Gurunatha Kargal , Rout Chandra Sekhar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe globe is currently dealing with serious issues related to the world economy and population expansion, which has led to a significant increase in the need for energy. One of the most promising energy devices for the next generation of energy technology is the supercapacitor (SC). Among the numerous nanostructured materials examined for SC electrodes, inorganic nanosheets are considered to be the most favorable electrode materials because of their excellent electrochemical performance due to their large surface area, very low layer thickness, and tunable diverse composition. Various inorganic nanosheets (NS) such as metal oxides, metal chalcogenides, metal hydroxides, and MXenes show substantial electrochemical activity. Herein, a comprehensive survey of inorganic NS arrays synthesized through the electrodeposition method is reported with the discussion on detailed growth mechanism and their application in the fabrication of SC electrodes/devices for powering flexible and wearable electronics appliances. To begin with, the first section will feature the various types of electrodeposition working mechanism, SC types and their working mechanisms, importance of nanosheet structure for SCs. This review gives a profound interpretation of supercapacitor electrode materials and their performances in different domains. Finally, a perspective on NS array through electrodeposition method applications in diverse fields is extensively examined.
NIR‐II Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering Nanoprobes in Biomedicine: Current Impact and Future Directions
Authors: Deng Binge , Zhang Yuqing , Qiu Guangyu , Li Jin , Lin Linley Li , Ye Jian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe field of second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanoprobes has made commendable progress in biomedicine. This article reviews recent advances and future development of NIR‐II SERS nanoprobes. It introduces the fundamental principles of SERS nanoprobes and highlights key advances in the NIR‐II window, including reduced tissue attenuation, deep penetration, maximized allowable exposure, and improved photostability. The discussion of future directions includes the refinement of nanoprobe substrates, emphasizing the tailoring of optical properties of metallic SERS‐active nanoprobes, and exploring non‐metallic alternatives. The intricacies of designing Raman reporters for the NIR‐II resonance and the potential of these reporters to advance the field are also discussed. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into nanoprobe design represents a cutting‐edge approach to overcome current challenges. This article also examines the emergence of deep Raman techniques for through‐tissue SERS detection, toward NIR‐II SERS tomography. It acknowledges instrumental advancements like improved charge‐coupled device sensitivity and accelerated imaging speeds. The article concludes by addressing the critical aspects of biosafety, ease of functionalization, compatibility, and the path to clinical translation. With a comprehensive overview of current achievements and future prospects, this review aims to illuminate the path for NIR‐II SERS nanoprobes to innovate diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in biomedicine.
Codelivery of Dual Gases with Metal‐Organic Supramolecular Cage‐Based Microenvironment‐Responsive Nanomedicine for Atherosclerosis Therapy
Authors: Li Dongye , Chen Jingjing , Lu Yulin , Yan Xinyu , Yang Xieqing , Zhang Fang , Tang Yingmei , Cao Minghui , Wang Jingfeng , Pan Mei , Su Chengyong , Shen Jun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAtherosclerosis (AS) is a common cause of coronary heart disease and stroke. The delivery of exogenous H2S and in situ production of O2 within atherosclerotic plaques can help suppress inflammatory cell infiltration and alleviate disease progression. However, the uncontrolled release of gas donors hinders achieving effective drug concentrations and causes toxic effects. Herein, diallyl trisulfide (DATS)‐loaded metal‐organic cage (MOC)‐68‐doped MnO2 nanoparticles are developed as a microenvironment‐responsive nanodrug with the capacity for the in situ co‐delivery of H2S and O2 to inflammatory cells within plaques. This nanomedicine exhibited excellent monodispersity and stability and protected DATS from degradation in the circulation. In vitro studies showed that the nanomedicine reduced macrophage polarization toward an inflammatory phenotype and inhibited the formation of foam cells, while suppressing the expression of NOD‐like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) and interleukin‐1β. In a mouse model of ApoE−/− genotype, the nanomedicine reduces the plaque burden, inflammatory infiltration, and hypoxic conditions within the plaques. Furthermore, the treatment process and therapeutic effects can be monitored by magnetic resonance image (MRI), in real time upon Mn2+ release from the acidic‐ and H2O2‐ microenvironment‐responsive MnO2 nanoparticles. The DATS‐loaded MOC‐68‐doped MnO2‐based nanodrug holds great promise as a novel theranostic platform for AS.
U and Co Dual Single‐Atom Doped MXene for Accelerating Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Activity
Authors: Wu Yanze , Bo Tao , Tu Haowei , Wang Lin , Shi Weiqun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA large amount of radioactive waste is accumulated in the process of nuclear fuel preparation, causing serious pollution to the environment and abundant depleted uranium resources to be abandoned. One of the key issues affecting the development of nuclear energy is how to make full use of depleted uranium resources efficiently. Here, U element with unique coordination mode of 5f electron is spacer bonded to transition metal with 3d orbit through the adsorption and anchoring effect of MXene, thus U and Co dual doped MXene catalyst is constructed along with the comprehensive utilization of depleted uranium resources. The as‐prepared U‐Co/MXene catalyst demonstrates excellent overpotential of only 184 mV at −10 mA cm−2 and excellent stability up to 150 h, significantly surpassing the bare MXene substrate. Theoretical calculations indicate that the U and Co dual doping optimizes the electronic structure of MXene catalyst by forming the U‐O‐Co network, thereby improving the thermodynamics of H* adsorption during the catalytic transition state. This research opens up a new path for the recovery of depleted uranium resources and the development of functional actinide catalysts.
Single‐Molecule Assessment of DNA Hybridization Kinetics on Dye‐Loaded DNA Nanostructures
Authors: Li Cong , Xie Yao , Cheng Xinyi , Xu Lifeng , Yao Guangbao , Li Qian , Shen Jianlei , Fan Chunhai , Li Mingqiang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDNA nanostructures offer a versatile platform for precise dye assembly, making them promising templates for creating photonic complexes with applications in photonics and bioimaging. However, despite these advancements, the effect of dye loading on the hybridization kinetics of single‐stranded DNA protruding from DNA nanostructures remains unexplored. In this study, the DNA points accumulation for imaging in the nanoscale topography (DNA‐PAINT) technique is employed to investigate the accessibility of functional binding sites on DNA‐templated excitonic wires. The results indicate that positively charged dyes on DNA frameworks can accelerate the hybridization kinetics of protruded ssDNA through long‐range electrostatic interactions. Furthermore, the impacts of various charged dyes and binding sites are explored on diverse DNA frameworks with varying cross‐sizes. The research underscores the crucial role of electrostatic interactions in DNA hybridization kinetics within DNA‐dye complexes, offering valuable insights for the functionalization and assembly of biomimetic photonic systems.
Robust and Flexible Rubber Composite with High Photothermal Properties Achieved by In Situ ZDMA Assisted Dispersion of Eumelanin and its Hydrophobic Photothermal Application
Authors: Li Luji , Lin Zihao , He Zehua , Su Zexian , Fu Lihua , Xu Chuanhui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEumelanin, a natural, biocompatible, and biodegradable photothermal agent derived from biomass, has attracted increasingly considerable attention due to its outstanding photothermal conversion efficiency. Unfortunately, its tendency to aggregate in flexible non‐polar polymers, owing to its abundant polar groups on the surface, severely restricted the application of eumelanin in photothermal composite field. Herein, a feasible strategy is proposed to disperse eumelanin in non‐polar rubber matrix via in situ generation of Zinc dimethacrylate (ZDMA). The graft‐polymerization of ZDMA promotes the interfacial compatibility between styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) and eumelanin, achieving a uniform dispersion of eumelanin in SBR. The rubber composite exhibits a considerable tensile strength of 11.4 MPa, acceptable elongation at break of 146%, and outstanding photothermal conversion efficiency of up to 75.2% with only 1 wt% of eumelanin. Furthermore, based on the easy‐processing of SBR matrix, the composite is treated with a sandpaper template technique and sprayed with trimethoxy(1H,1H,2H,2H‐perfluorodecyl)silane (PFDTMS) to endow the material with near superhydrophobicity (water contact angle of 147.9°) capacity. Hydrophobicity provides excellent icing resistance, with droplet surfaces extending more than twice as long to freeze. Moreover, this hydrophobic photothermal material exhibits remarkable anti‐frosting, de‐frosting, and de‐icing capabilities.
A Full‐Scale Analysis of Absorption Edges in Dye‐Doped Nonlinear Optical Polymers
Authors: Chen Weilong , Zhang Di , Zou Jie , Luo Jingdong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA full‐scale analysis of the absorption edges by modified Tauc‐Lorentz models is essential in determining the optical bandgap and Urbach energy of semiconductors, transparent conductors, ionic compounds, and dielectric materials. This technique has not yet been applied to analyzing organic nonlinear optical (NLO) materials. This problem is tackled by preparing high‐quality films of guest–host NLO polymers with a wide thickness range from sub‐micron to 200 microns, allowing accurate measurement of full‐spectral absorption coefficients of NLO materials over four orders of magnitude by the UV‐VIS‐NIR spectroscopy. The Tauc model and a new Monolog–Lorentz model are used to study the optical absorption edge of guest‐host NLO polymers containing various push‐pull chromophores and the dependence of optical bandgap and Urbach edge on the structure and composition of materials is analyzed. The results reveal the critical transition of the Urbach exponential tail to a low energy tail that overlaps with vibrational overtones of materials at the telecom wavelengths. Determining the fundamental absorption region of organic NLO films in this study provides quantitative insight into the research to harness the resonance‐enhanced nonlinear coefficients of materials by operating at the wavelengths near the band edge with the control of optical loss.
Breaking the Intrinsic Strength‐Ductility Tradeoff in Graphene‐Metal Composites
Authors: Choi Wonjune , Das Uschuas Dipta , Kim Chunghwan , Kashani Hamzeh , Kang Wonmo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSmall carbon materials, such as graphene, offer excellent mechanical strength. Micro/nano carbon materials are often dispersed into a metal matrix to form bulk composites with mechanical enhancement. Despite technical progress, such composites intrinsically suffer from a trade‐off condition between strength and ductility because the load transfer path forms between mechanically strong yet chemically inert micro/nano carbon materials or between the carbon‐metal interfaces. In other words, conventional carbon and metal composites become stronger with increasing carbon contents, but the weak interfaces also increase, leading to premature failure. In this regard, crucial advances are presented toward breaking the strength‐ductility trade‐off condition by utilizing Axially bi‐Continuous Graphene‐Nickel (ACGN) wires. This innovative ACGN achieves excellent combined strength and ductility–the highest among the current Ni‐, Al‐, and Cu‐based carbon‐enhanced metal matrix composites. For example, the ultimate strength and failure strain of 25‐µm‐diameter ACGN wires are improved by 71.76% and 58.24%, compared to their counterparts. The experimental and theoretical analyses indicate that the graphene‐nickel interplay via their axially bi‐continuous structure is the main underlying mechanism for the superb mechanical behavior. In specific, the continuous graphene, in addition to effective load‐sharing, passivates the free surface of fine wire, forming dislocation pileups along the graphene‐nickel interface and, therefore, hindering localized necking.
A survey analysis of quantum computing adoption and the paradigm of privacy engineering
Authors: Mousa Nour , Shirazi Farid 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the adoption of quantum computing (QC) technology using the diffusion of innovation (DOI) theory and provides an extensive literature review. We deployed structural equation modeling to analyze data from a survey conducted among 96 top managers in various industries from Canada, the US, and Europe, including IT‐based small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) dealing with QC software development. Our survey analysis indicates that the complexity of QC systems and software is the main barrier to the future adoption of quantum computing. This research offers insights into how future quantum computers can impact the security and privacy of information, emphasizing the importance of privacy protection. In this context, the study contributes to the notion of privacy engineering in the complex context of QC. The study established important outlines and tools for shaping future QCs. Our study, backed by empirical evidence, underscores the significant impact of new technology on citizens', organizations', firms', and government‐private data. The results provide a clear message to policymakers, industry leaders, and developers: privacy engineering should be an integral part of technical development, and it's crucial to act before costs escalate. In this context, our study stands out as one of the few that use NLP and structural equation modeling to address privacy challenges in QC research through experimental research, offering practical solutions to real‐world problems.
Implementation of a perioperative registry in Ethiopia to enhance surgical quality improvement
Authors: Jaraczewski Taylor J. , Abebe Belay M. , Diehl Thomas , Esayas Tinbite , Melaku Winta , Nigussie Yonas , Ahmed Kaleem S. , Vo Tien , Lee McKenzie , Woisha Biruk , Woldegiorgis Ermias Tadesse , Chen Taylor H. , Tegene Bereket A. , Belachew Anteneh Gadisa , Dodgion Christopher , Iverson Katherine R. , Tefera Girma , Zafar Syed Nabeel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundDespite a glaring need and proven efficacy, prospective surgical registries are lacking in low‐ and middle‐income countries. The objective of this study was to design and implement a comprehensive prospective perioperative registry in a low‐income country.MethodsThis study was conducted at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Hawassa, Ethiopia. Design of the registry occurred from June 2021 to May 2022 and pilot implementation from May 2022 to May 2023. All patients undergoing elective or emergent general surgery were included. Following one year, operability and fidelity of the registry were analyzed by assessing capture rate, incidence of missing data, and accuracy.ResultsA total of 67 variables were included in the registry including demographics, preoperative, operative, post‐operative, and 30‐day data. Of 440 eligible patients, 226 (51.4%) were successfully captured. Overall incidence of missing data and accuracy was 5.4% and 90.2% respectively. Post pilot modifications enhanced capture rate to 70.5% and further optimized data collection processes.ConclusionThe establishment of a low‐cost electronic prospective perioperative registry in a low‐income country represents a significant step forward in enhancing surgical care in under‐resourced settings. The initial success of this registry highlights the feasibility of such endeavors when strong partnerships and local context are at the center of implementation. Continuous efforts to refine this registry are ongoing, which will ultimately lead to enhanced surgical quality, research output, and expansion to other sites.
Nonoperative management of acute complicated diverticulitis with pericolic and/or distant extraluminal air: A systematic review
Authors: Morini Andrea , Zizzo Maurizio , Tumiati David , Mereu Federica , Bernini Diego , Fabozzi Massimiliano 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionColonic Diverticular Disease (CDD) is a multifactorial inflammatory disease. Acute diverticulitis (AD), with extraluminal free air (both pericolic and distant), represents about 15% of radiological scenarios and remains a therapeutic challenge for surgeons. Currently, the WSES guidelines suggest trying a conservative strategy both in the presence of pericolic and distant free extraluminal air, even if both have respectively weak recommendation based on low/very low‐quality evidence.MethodsWe performed a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyzes guidelines. PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases were used to identify articles of interest.ResultsA total of 2380 patients with AD and extraluminal free air (both pericolic and distant) who underwent nonoperative management (NOM) were analyzed. Of the 2380 patients, 2095(88%) were successfully treated with NOM, while 285 (12%) patients failed. A total of 1574 (93.1%) patients with pericolic extraluminal free air had a successful NOM with 6.9% (117) failure rates, while 135 (71.1%) patients with distant extraluminal free air had a successful NOM with 28.9% (55) failure rates. Regarding distant recurrence, we recorded a rate of 18.3% (261/1430), while a rate of 11.3% (167/1472) was recorded for patients undergoing elective surgery.ConclusionNOM for patients with AD and extraluminal free air (both pericolic and distant) seems to be feasible and safe despite a higher failure rate in the distant subgroup, which remains the most challenging clinical scenario to deal with through conservative treatment.
Electro‐osmotically engendered biofluid investigation through complex curvy passage
Authors: Ijaz Shagufta , Bibi Sobia , Shahzadi Iqra 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the physical characteristics of a two‐dimensional Jeffery fluid by incorporating the electroosmosis effect and employing slip boundary conditions along wavy walls. The equations that drive the flow analysis have been converted into nondimensional form and solved by assuming a high wavelength and a low Reynolds number approximation. The outputs for hemodynamic velocity, stress on the walls, and temperature for the flow are obtained exactly. Graphic representations of the effects of relevant physical parameters on the computational results are discussed in detail. Additionally, it is found that the viscous dissipation effects are the primary cause of heat production, rather than molecular conduction.
Unmixing the Wilson line defect CFT. Part II. Analytic bootstrap
Authors: Ferrero Pietro , Meneghelli Carlo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this second installment of a series of two papers on the $$ \frac{1}{2} $$

1
2

-BPS Wilson line defect CFT in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 super Yang-Mills, we focus on dynamical aspects of the theory, in particular studying four-point functions with analytic bootstrap methods. Relying on the results of [1] for the kinematics and strong coupling spectrum, we consider various four-point functions in the planar limit, in an expansion for large ’t Hooft coupling. Our ultimate goal is to provide a detailed derivation of the four-point function of the displacement supermultiplet at three loops, first presented in [2]. Along the way, we present a large amount of new results including four-point functions with zero, one or two long external supermultiplets. The last two represent a novelty in the analytic bootstrap literature and are instrumental in addressing the problem of operators degeneracy. Such phenomenon leads to the necessity of resolving a mixing problem that is more complicated than those usually encountered in the study of holographic correlators, thus leading us to the development of a new approach that we believe will have a wider range of applicability. Related to this issue, we analyze in some detail the structure of the dilatation operator in this model. Some of the ingredients that we use apply more generally to holographic theories, although a thorough investigation of these aspects is missing, to the best of our knowledge, in most interesting cases.
Geometry of the minimum distance
Authors: Pawlina John , Tohǎneanu Ştefan O. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLet$${{\mathbb {K}}}$$Kbe any field, let$$X\subset {\mathbb P}^{k-1}$$X⊂Pk-1be a set of$$n$$ndistinct$${{\mathbb {K}}}$$K-rational points, and let$$a\ge 1$$a≥1be an integer. In this paper we find lower bounds for the minimum distance$$d(X)_a$$d(X)aof the evaluation code of order$$a$$aassociated to$$X$$X. The first results use$$\alpha (X)$$α(X), the initial degree of the defining ideal of$$X$$X, and the bounds are true for any set$$X$$X. In another result we use$$s(X)$$s(X), the minimum socle degree, to find a lower bound for the case when$$X$$Xis in general linear position. In both situations we improve and generalize known results.
Jugular bulb anatomical variations and pneumatization patterns: a comprehensive CBCT analysis
Authors: Tudose Răzvan Costin , Rusu Mugurel Constantin , Triantafyllou George , Piagkou Maria , Moraru Liliana , Dumitru Cătălin Constantin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to assess the anatomical possibilities of the jugular bulb (JB).

Methods
Fifty archived CBCT scans were analyzed.

Results
The average distance between the internal acoustic canal (IAC) and the JB was 7.97 mm on both sides (Right: SD = 2.56 mm, range 3.16–13.3 mm; Left: SD = 2.5 mm, range 2.9–13.6 mm). JB walls’ pneumatization was classified into eight patterns. Deep petrosal cells (DPCs) prevailed in the lateral wall of the JB. The absence of pneumatization (NP) was commonly found on the left side. The presence of infralabyrinthine and hypotympanic cells varied. Less common types included accessory occipital cells (AOCs), posteromedial tracts (PMTs), and basi-occipital cells (BOCs), which determined a consistent variation of the lateral wall pneumatization patterns. Pneumatization of the medial wall was not observed in 50 right sides and 49 left sides. The inferior wall analysis revealed symmetry in AOC distribution and a predominant occurrence of NP. Cases with hypotympanum (HT) in the lateral wall showed a statistically significant IAC-JB distance increase by an average of 4.67 mm compared to NPs. Specific pneumatizations, particularly HT on the lateral side, have a significant effect on the IAC-JB distance, showing a clear pattern of increasing distance from DPC to NP and then to HT. A significant distance increase in HT pneumatization was noted. There were also recorded instances of JB hypoplasia and hyperplasia, JB diverticula, dehiscent JBs, and high JBs.

Conclusion
This study establishes a novel classification of JB pneumatizations to aid in the understanding of the temporal bone anatomy.