bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular disease risk: it is complicated, but race and ethnicity are key, a Bayesian network analysis
Authors: Bowles Nicole P. , He Yimin , Huang Yueng-hsiang , Stecker Eric C. , Seixas Azizi , Thosar Saurabh S. 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundCardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Despite the complexity of cardiovascular disease etiology, we do not fully comprehend the interactions between non-modifiable factors (e.g., age, sex, and race) and modifiable risk factors (e.g., health behaviors and occupational exposures).ObjectiveWe examined proximal and distal drivers of cardiovascular disease and elucidated the interactions between modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors.MethodsWe used a machine learning approach on four cohorts (2005–2012) of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data to examine the effects of risk factors on cardiovascular risk quantified by the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) and the Pooled Cohort Equations (PCE). We estimated a network of risk factors, computed their strength centrality, closeness, and betweenness centrality, and computed a Bayesian network embodied in a directed acyclic graph.ResultsIn addition to traditional factors such as body mass index and physical activity, race and ethnicity and exposure to heavy metals are the most adjacent drivers of PCE. In addition to the factors directly affecting PCE, sleep complaints had an immediate adverse effect on FRS. Exposure to heavy metals is the link between race and ethnicity and FRS.ConclusionHeavy metal exposures and race/ethnicity have similar proximal effects on cardiovascular disease risk as traditional clinical and lifestyle risk factors, such as physical activity and body mass. Our findings support the inclusion of diverse racial and ethnic groups in all cardiovascular research and the consideration of the social environment in clinical decision-making.
Burden of carpal tunnel syndrome and its associated factors among construction industry workers in Gondar town, Ethiopia
Authors: Bicha Nigus , Gashaw Moges , Chanie Samuel Teferi , Mekie Melisew , Yalew Ermias Solomon 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundCarpal tunnel syndrome is characterized by symptoms such as pain, numbness, or tingling on the anterior surface of the index, middle, or radial half of the ring finger, which is frequently associated with weakness of hand grip, and nocturnal pain and/or numbness resulting from compression of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel between the carpal bones and the transverse ligament. The construction industry involves many activities aside from the building process, such as landscaping, painting, electrical supply, plastering, paving, and telecommunications. Performing such tasks involves repetition of wrist flexion and extension, forceful grip with the hand, and/or vibrations of the hand and arm. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome and its associated risk factors among construction workers.MethodAn institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among six construction sectors in Gondar from April to July 2021. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was prepared from the literature with a Katz hand diagram, and a physical examination and a special test (carpal compression test, Phalen’s, and Tinel’s test) were carried out for those participants who reported pain during the interview. Binary logistic regression was conducted with SPSS 25 to identify the associated risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome. The strength of the association was detected by the adjusted odds ratio.ResultA total of 333 study participants aged 18–70 years were included in this study. Among the participants, 11.7% (AOR: 95%CI: 8.1–15.3) had carpal tunnel syndrome. Age, cigarette smoking, work experience, and working with finger-pressing tools were risk factors significantly associated with carpal tunnel syndrome among construction workers with a p-value of &lt;0.05.ConclusionThe magnitude of carpal tunnel syndrome was 11.7% among construction workers. Being of older age, having more experience, cigarette smoking, and working with finger-pressing tools were risk factors significantly associated with carpal tunnel syndrome among construction workers. Employers should implement work safety education programs that raise awareness about the risks of cigarette smoking and encourage employers and supervisors to seek early medical intervention and treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome before it becomes a chronic problem.
Online rumors during the COVID-19 pandemic: co-evolution of themes and emotions
Authors: Shen Chao , Song Zhenyu , He Pengyu , Liu Limin , Xiong Zhenyu 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionDuring public health emergencies, online rumors spread widely on social media, causing public information anxiety and emotional fluctuations. Analyzing the co-evolution patterns of online rumor themes and emotions is essential for implementing proactive and precise governance of online rumors during such events.MethodsRumor texts from mainstream fact-checking platforms during the COVID-19 pandemic were collected and analyzed in phases based on the crisis lifecycle theory. The LDA topic model was applied to analyze the distribution of rumor themes at different stages. The Baidu AI Sentiment Analysis API was used to study the emotional tendencies of rumors at different stages. Line graphs were utilized to analyze the co-evolution characteristics of rumor themes and emotions.ResultsDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, the themes of online rumors can be categorized into five types: epidemic prevention and control, panic-inducing, production and livelihood, virus dissemination, and social figures. These themes exhibited repetition and fluctuation at different stages of the pandemic. The emotions embedded in pandemic-related online rumors evolved with the progression of the pandemic. Panic-inducing rumors co-evolved with negative emotions, while epidemic prevention and control rumors co-evolved with positive emotions.ConclusionThe study results help to understand the public’s focus and emotional tendencies at different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, thereby enabling targeted public opinion guidance and crisis management.
Association between pesticide exposure and thyroid function: analysis of Chinese and NHANES databases
Authors: Xu Leiming , Yang Shengkai , Wang Longqing , Qiu Jinxin , Meng Hai , Zhang Lulu , Sun Wenwen , He Aifeng 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundPesticides are widely used in agricultural activities. Although pesticide use is known to cause damage to the human body, its relationship with thyroid function remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between pesticide exposure and thyroid function.MethodsThe Chinese database used included 60 patients with pyrethroid poisoning and 60 participants who underwent health checkups between June 2022 and June 2023. The NHANES database included 1,315 adults enrolled from 2007 to 2012. The assessed pesticide and their metabolites included 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 4-fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (4F3PB), para-nitrophenol (PN), 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3P), and trans-dichlorovinyl-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid (TDDC). The evaluated indicators of thyroid function were measured by the blood from the included population. The relationship between pesticide exposure and thyroid function indexes was investigated using linear regression, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), restricted cubic spline (RCS), and weighted quantile sum (WQS) models.ResultsThe Chinese data showed that pesticide exposure was negatively correlated with the thyroid function indicators FT4, TT4, TgAb, and TPOAb (all p &lt; 0.05). The BKMR model analysis of the NHANES data showed that the metabolic mixture of multiple pesticides was negatively associated with FT4, TSH, and Tg, similar to the Chinese database findings. Additionally, linear regression analysis demonstrated positive correlations between 2,4-D and FT3 (p = 0.041) and 4F3PB and FT4 (p = 0.003), whereas negative associations were observed between 4F3PB and Tg (p = 0.001), 4F3PB and TgAb (p = 0.006), 3P and TgAB (p = 0.006), 3P and TPOAb (p = 0.03), PN and TSH (p = 0.003), PN and TT4 (p = 0.031), and TDDC and TPOAb (p &lt; 0.001). RCS curves highlighted that most pesticide metabolites were negatively correlated with thyroid function indicators. Finally, WQS model analysis revealed significant differences in the weights of different pesticide metabolites on the thyroid function indexes.ConclusionThere is a significant negative correlation between pesticide metabolites and thyroid function indicators, and the influence weights of different pesticide metabolites on thyroid function indicators are significantly different. More research is needed to further validate the association between different pesticide metabolites and thyroid disease.
Green space exposure and Chinese residents’ physical activity participation: empirical evidence from a health geography perspective
Authors: Xia Qi-fei , Qin Guo-you , Liu Qi , Hu Yun-zhou 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundWith continuous efforts made to promote the strategic goals of carbon neutrality and carbon peak, it is crucial to meet the growing and diversified needs of the public for fitness by practicing the concept of green development and promote the combination of national fitness and ecological civilization.MethodsTo achieve this purpose, an OLS regression model was applied to estimate the role of green space exposure in Chinese residents’ participation in physical activity and its underlying mechanisms, using the microdata from the China General Social Survey (CGSS) data and the Provincial Vegetation Cover Index (NDVI) matched macrostatistical data.ResultsThe empirical results show that green space exposure significantly increases the probability of residents’ physical activity participation, and creating a green environment is conducive to creating a favorable physical activity environment for residents. Also, the core conclusions still hold after the year-by-year regression test is passed and the endogeneity problem is addressed. As revealed by mechanistic studies, green space exposure has indirect effects on the physical activity participation of residents through the independent mediating roles of reducing carbon emissions and promoting social interaction. According to heterogeneity results, males, those in marriage, and urban dweller groups are more inclined to perform physical activity in green spaces.ConclusionThe results show that the exposure of green space can help increase the probability of residents’ participation in physical exercise, and can that it achieved through two channels: reducing carbon emissions and enhancing social interaction. It is necessary to further strengthen the protection of the ecological lifestyle, give full play to the advantages of greenness and low-carbon, and create favorable conditions for the green development of a new model of national fitness.
Developing and comparing deep learning and machine learning algorithms for osteoporosis risk prediction
Authors: Qiu Chuan , Su Kuanjui , Luo Zhe , Tian Qing , Zhao Lanjuan , Wu Li , Deng Hongwen , Shen Hui 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionOsteoporosis, characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD), is an increasingly serious public health issue. So far, several traditional regression models and machine learning (ML) algorithms have been proposed for predicting osteoporosis risk. However, these models have shown relatively low accuracy in clinical implementation. Recently proposed deep learning (DL) approaches, such as deep neural network (DNN), which can discover knowledge from complex hidden interactions, offer a new opportunity to improve predictive performance. In this study, we aimed to assess whether DNN can achieve a better performance in osteoporosis risk prediction.MethodsBy utilizing hip BMD and extensive demographic and routine clinical data of 8,134 subjects with age more than 40 from the Louisiana Osteoporosis Study (LOS), we developed and constructed a novel DNN framework for predicting osteoporosis risk and compared its performance in osteoporosis risk prediction with four conventional ML models, namely random forest (RF), artificial neural network (ANN), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), and support vector machine (SVM), as well as a traditional regression model termed osteoporosis self-assessment tool (OST). Model performance was assessed by area under ‘receiver operating curve’ (AUC) and accuracy.ResultsBy using 16 discriminative variables, we observed that the DNN approach achieved the best predictive performance (AUC = 0.848) in classifying osteoporosis (hip BMD T-score ≤ −1.0) and non-osteoporosis risk (hip BMD T-score &gt; −1.0) subjects, compared to the other approaches. Feature importance analysis showed that the top 10 most important variables identified by the DNN model were weight, age, gender, grip strength, height, beer drinking, diastolic pressure, alcohol drinking, smoke years, and economic level. Furthermore, we performed subsampling analysis to assess the effects of varying number of sample size and variables on the predictive performance of these tested models. Notably, we observed that the DNN model performed equally well (AUC = 0.846) even by utilizing only the top 10 most important variables for osteoporosis risk prediction. Meanwhile, the DNN model can still achieve a high predictive performance (AUC = 0.826) when sample size was reduced to 50% of the original dataset.ConclusionIn conclusion, we developed a novel DNN model which was considered to be an effective algorithm for early diagnosis and intervention of osteoporosis in the aging population.
Do organic, conventional, and intensive approaches in livestock farming have an impact on the circulation of infectious agents and antimicrobial resistance? A systematic review, focused on dairy cattle
Authors: Pajoro Massimo , Brilli Matteo , Pezzali Giulia , Vadalà Miriam , Kramer Laura , Moroni Paolo , Bandi Claudio 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionA common thought is that extensive and organic breeding systems are associated with lower prevalence of infections in livestock animals, compared to intensive ones. In addition, organic systems limit the use of anti-microbial drugs, which may lead to lower emergence of antimicrobial resistances (AMR).MethodsTo examine these issues, avoiding any a priori bias, we carried out a systematic literature search on dairy cattle breeding. Search was targeted to publications that compared different types of livestock farming (intensive, extensive, conventional, organic) in terms of the circulation of infectious diseases and AMR.Results and discussionA total of 101 papers were finally selected. These papers did not show any trend in the circulation of the infections in the four types of breeding systems. However, AMR was more prevalent on conventional dairy farms compared to organic ones. The prevalence of specific pathogens and types of resistances were frequently associated with specific risk factors that were not strictly related to the type of farming system. In conclusion, we did not find any evidence suggesting that extensive and organic dairy farming bears any advantage over the intensive and conventional ones, in terms of the circulation of infectious agents.
Comparison of the predictive performance of three lymph node staging systems for late-onset gastric cancer patients after surgery
Authors: Chen Sheng , Ding Ping’an , Zhao Qun 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionLymph node (LN) status is a vital prognostic factor for patients. However, there has been limited focus on predicting the prognosis of patients with late-onset gastric cancer (LOGC). This study aimed to investigate the predictive potential of the log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS), lymph node ratio (LNR), and pN stage in assessing the prognosis of patients diagnosed with LOGC.MethodsThe LOGC data were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. This study evaluated and compared the predictive performance of three LN staging systems. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were carried out to identify prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). Three machine learning methods, namely, LASSO, XGBoost, and RF analyses, were subsequently used to identify the optimal LN staging system. A nomogram was built to predict the prognosis of patients with LOGC. The efficacy of the model was demonstrated through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and decision curve analysis.ResultsA total of 4,743 patients with &gt;16 removed lymph nodes were ultimately included in this investigation. Three LN staging systems demonstrated significant performance in predicting survival outcomes (P &lt; 0.001). The LNR exhibited the most important prognostic ability, as evidenced by the use of three machine learning methods. Utilizing independent factors derived from multivariate Cox regression analysis, a nomogram for OS was constructed.DiscussionThe calibration, C-index, and AUC revealed their excellent predictive performance. The LNR demonstrated a more powerful performance than other LN staging methods in LOGC patients after surgery. Our novel nomogram exhibited superior clinical feasibility and may assist in patient clinical decision-making.
Examination of Special Talent Students’ Immediate Emotions Regarding Music with Different Emotions
Authors: Bağrıaçık Belgin , Konik-Köksal Ayça , Coşkun Hamit 
Published: June 2024

Gifted individuals are more advanced than their peers in cognitive, affective, psychomotor, or creative areas. This study aimed to find an answer to how gifted students’ immediate emotional states change by means of music containing different emotions. The sample of the study consisted of 122 students studying at Adana BİLSEM. Their moods were measured after listening to different pieces of music. The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the emotions that the students felt with different music, they felt more positive emotions, and the girls felt the emotion much more than the boys. The results of this study can be used to better understand gifted students and to develop musical activities to help them manage their emotions.
Mid-Semester Course Evaluations: Meta Evaluation of Higher Education Course Coordinators’ Evaluative Practices
Authors: Sabapathy Chitra 
Published: June 2024

Background: Mid-semester evaluations are gaining traction as a means to gather evaluation data for formative purposes. However, it is not clear if course coordinators who conduct these evaluations are adequately equipped with evaluative knowledge and skills to guide them through their evaluative processes.Objectives: This study is a meta-evaluation of course coordinators’ mid-semester evaluative practices in a Higher Education institution language centre and the extent to which their evaluative practices are attuned to RUFDATA for its preparatory design framework in the evaluative process and Utilization-Focused Evaluation (UFE) for its sets of principles with regards to uses and users and how these impact on the design and use of the evaluation. Research design & subjects: Data was gathered using meta evaluative mixed methods from three groups of participants consisting of course coordinators, academics who taught on their courses and their learners.Results: The results imply that whilst most course coordinators who participated in the study conducted mid-semester evaluations and that their evaluative practices contained some elements from the frameworks, it is problematic to align their evaluative practices and processes against these tools due to the challenges that they encountered in their evaluative processes.Conclusions: As important agents of evaluations in mid semester evaluations, it should be noted that course coordinators are not trained evaluators and conducting evaluations does not constitute a major component of their professional duties and roles. This study has implications for higher education policies and practices, commissioners, and users of evaluations.
Переменные Формулы любви: трансформация стареющего героя в киноповести Григория Горина
Authors: Mouton Yanina 
Published: June 2024

Темы связи поколений и старости (счастливой или болезненной) разрабатываются Григорием Гориным во многих рассказах и пьесах. Одни герои писателя принимают свою старость и осмысливают ее как естественный ход вещей. Другие — сожалея о том, что превратились в старых больных людей (бургомистр в пьесе Тот самый Мюнхгаузен или продавец попугаев в киноповести О бедном гусаре замолвите слово), вполне охотно ссылаются на свою старческую немощь в корыстных целях. Третьи — отторгают старение и стремятся остаться молодыми. Отрицание старости отчетливо проявляется в желании снова пережить любовь. Соединяя водевильную ситуацию влюбленного старика с «бродячим сюжетом» о графе Калиостро и с народной мудростью о принятии естественного хода жизни, Горин создает комедию-притчу.
Redescription of 1st instar larva of Osmylus fulvicephalus (Scopoli, 1763) (Neuroptera, Osmylidae) based on naming system of sclerites
Authors: Mao Haohan , Liu Zhiqi , Wu San-An , Xu Han 
Published: June 2024

Osmylidae was an ancient family of Neuroptera, including more than 200 species, and usually live in forest or near water body. So that its larvae have been seldomly described. The taxonomic studies on the larvae of of Osmylidae, especially the type species Osmylus fulvicephalus (Scopoli, 1763), focused on the third instar larvae. The lower instar stages of this species lack sufficient description. Currently, the first instar larva of only two species, Stenosmylus tenuis (Walker, 1853) and Osmylus fulvicephalus (Scopoli, 1763), had been recorded and described, but the morphological description of Osmylus fulvicephalus was too simple to be distinguished with other species.
In this study, the first instar larva of O. fulvicephalus was redescribed in detail and illustrated based on the naming system of sclerites. Based on this, it could be effectively distinguished from other species by the following characteristics: i) number of segments in the labial palpus; ii) the setae beard on the apex of antenna; iii) the number of transversal rows of the anal hooks.
De l’« utilité » d’une petite ville en difficulté : le cas du Teil en Ardèche
Authors: Roux Emmanuel , Santamaria Frédéric 
Published: June 2024

À partir d’une enquête sur la commune du Teil (Ardèche) menée dans le cadre d’une recherche-action, les auteurs présentent la situation d’une petite ville au passé industriel en difficultés socio-économiques. Ils montrent l’ampleur des dispositifs de politiques publiques, notamment nationaux, déployés en faveur du Teil sur le temps long qui peinent à résoudre les difficultés locales persistantes qui se traduisent localement par un sentiment de déclin continu. Cependant, en dépit des difficultés rencontrées, les résultats de l’enquête montrent que ces évolutions et caractéristiques correspondent à des situations socio-territoriales qui ne sont pas spécifiques à la petite ville, cette dernière apparaissant alors comme le reflet de changements plus globaux de la société et du territoire français. Dans ce contexte et à son échelle, la petite ville permet de répondre à certains enjeux, témoignant ainsi de son « utilité ».