bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leaf element concentrations of terrestrial plants across China are influenced by taxonomy and the environment
Authors: Zhang Shi‐Bao , Zhang Jiao‐Lin , Slik J. W. Ferry , Cao Kun‐Fang 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTAim  The productivity, functioning and biogeochemical cycles of terrestrial ecosystems are strongly affected by leaf element concentrations. Understanding the biological and ecological factors affecting leaf element concentrations is therefore important for modelling the productivity and nutrient fluxes of ecosystems and their responses to global change. The present study aimed to determine how leaf element concentrations are linked to taxonomy and the environment.Location  China.Methods  The concentrations of 10 leaf elements of 702 terrestrial plant species from different biomes were extracted from publications. The links between environmental variables, taxonomy and leaf elements were analyzed using phylogenetically comparative methods and partial Mantel tests.Results  Taxonomy had stronger effects on leaf S and SiO2 than latitude, explaining 40.2–43.9% of total variation, whereas latitude had stronger effects on leaf N, P, K, Fe, Al, Mn, Na and Ca concentrations, explaining 19.5–52.1% of total variation. Leaf N, S, Al, Fe and Na concentrations were correlated with mean annual precipitation (MAP), while leaf N, P and Fe concentrations were correlated with mean annual temperature (MAT). Latitude, MAP and MAT were significantly correlated with the first axis of a principal components analysis (PCA). This first axis was associated with leaf elements involved in protein synthesis and photosynthesis. The other PCA axes, which were not correlated with MAT, latitude and MAP, were associated with leaf elements responsible for cell structure and enzymes.Main conclusions  Leaf element concentrations of terrestrial plants in China were correlated with climate, latitude and taxonomy. With the exception of S and SiO2, the environmental factors were more important in explaining leaf element variation than taxonomy. Therefore, changes in temperature and precipitation will directly affect the spatial patterns of leaf elements and thus the associated nutrient fluxes and ecosystem functioning.
Exploring attitudes to financial reporting in the Australian not‐for‐profit sector
Authors: Palmer Philip D. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe current level of satisfaction among different stakeholders about the current approaches and practises of financial reporting of not‐for‐profit (NFP) entities is underexplored (Christensen and Mohr, 2003; Lee, 2004; Gray et al., 2006; Parker, 2007). This paper uses content analysis to examine submissions to the 2008 Australian Senate Economics Standing Committee for its inquiry into the disclosure regimes of charities and NFP organisations, which aimed to explore attitudes about financial reporting in the NFP sector. Financial reporting is viewed as an important part of accountability, but the sector identifies deficiencies in the current regime in terms of consistency, efficiency and transparency. Respondents to this inquiry believed that a sector‐specific accounting standard was important. Financial reporting standards, regulations and legal structures should be uniform across the entire sector, but with some variation allowed for smaller NFPs. The cost of complying with standards was a significant issue for smaller NFPs.
Understanding the relationship between attachment style, pain appraisal and illness behavior in women
Authors: MARTÍNEZ M. PILAR , MIRÓ ELENA , SÁNCHEZ ANA I. , MUNDO ANTONIO , MARTÍNEZ ELENA 
Published: November 2011

Martínez, M. P., Miró, E., Sánchez, A. I., Mundo, A. & Martínez, E. (2012). Understanding the relationship between attachment style, pain appraisal and illness behavior in women. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 53, 54–63.Insecure attachment has been hypothesized to be an important factor for understanding the experience of pain. Considering the Attachment‐Diathesis Model of Chronic Pain developed by Meredith, Ownsworth, and Strong (2008), this cross‐sectional study examines the relationship between attachment style, pain appraisal, and illness behavior. Two hundred healthy women recruited from community contexts completed a battery of self‐report measures including the Short‐form McGill Pain Questionnaire, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale‐20, Pain Vigilance and Awareness Questionnaire, Illness Attitude Scales, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, and the Experiences in Close Relationships Questionnaire‐Revised. The results showed that attachment anxiety was significantly correlated with pain catastrophizing, pain‐related fear, depression, and illness behavior. However, attachment anxiety and avoidance were not associated with pain intensity. Attachment anxiety moderated the relationship between pain catastrophizing and illness behavior, and between pain hypervigilance and illness behavior. Pain catastrophizing and pain‐related fear partially mediated the effect of attachment anxiety on illness behavior. The findings highlight potential contributions of attachment style and pain appraisal for explaining illness behavior. This study supports earlier reports and suggests the usefulness of assessing attachment style for early identification of people who might exhibit a high risk of dysfunctional responses to pain. Our findings also suggest that increasing people’s insight about their attachment style and modifying some associated dysfunctional responses may be important in the treatment of chronic pain.
India’s Financial Sector: The Regulatory and Supervisory Landscape
Authors: Nachane Dilip M. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractAs the Indian financial sector started undergoing extensive liberalization in the 1990s, important lacunae started emerging in the regulatory and supervisory environment, which was inherited from the earlier decades of a highly regimented financial sector. To identify these shortcomings and suggest improvements, the government of India appointed two committees—the High Powered Expert Committee on Making Mumbai an International Financial Centre (2007) and the Committee on Financial Sector Reforms (2009). These two committees made a number of far‐reaching suggestions and the primary purpose of this paper is to critically appraise these recommendations, especially in the light of the lessons for financial sector oversight emerging from the recent global crisis. In particular, the paper argues that three of the suggestions advocated by these committees viz. (i) the shift to a principles‐based regulatory system, (ii) integrated supervision of all financial trading activities and (iii) divesting the central bank of its bank supervisory responsibility, need to be approached with considerable circumspection in the Indian context. The paper also stresses the importance of maintaining the independence of regulators and supervisors from government interference on the one hand and market influence on the other.
FDI versus Exports: Multiple Host Countries and Empirical Evidence
Authors: Oberhofer Harald , Pfaffermayr Michael 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThere are two main options for companies to serve foreign markets: exports and foreign direct investment (FDI). Based on the Helpman et al. (2004) model for multiple host countries, this paper derives a clear theoretical prediction for the decision between both strategies. A bivariate probit model is estimated using a large data set of European companies to analyse the probability of using one or the other strategy. The empirical evidence indicates that more productive firms less (more) probably use the export (FDI) strategy to serve foreign markets. Moreover, a considerable number of companies use a combination of both the strategies to serve foreign markets, which is in line with a multiple‐country model.
Measurements of genomic GC content in plant genomes with flow cytometry: a test for reliability
Authors: Šmarda Petr , Bureš Petr , Šmerda Jakub , Horová Lucie 
Published: November 2011

Summary
Knowledge of the phylogenetic pattern and biological relevance of the base composition of large eukaryotic genomes (including those of plants) is poor. With the use of flow cytometry (FCM), the amount of available data on the guanine + cytosine (GC) content of plants has nearly doubled in the last decade. However, skepticism exists concerning the reliability of the method because of uncertainty in some input parameters.
Here, we tested the reliability of FCM for estimating GC content by comparison with the biochemical method of DNA temperature melting analysis (TMA). We conducted measurements in 14 plant species with a maximum currently known GC content range (33.6–47.5% as measured by FCM). We also compared the estimations of the GC content by FCM with genomic sequences in 11 Oryza species.
FCM and TMA data exhibited a high degree of correspondence which remained stable over the relatively wide range of binding lengths (3.39–4.09) assumed for the base‐specific dye used. A high correlation was also observed between FCM results and the sequence data in Oryza, although the latter GC contents were consistently lower.
Reliable estimates of the genomic base composition in plants by FCM are comparable with estimates obtained using other methods, and so wider application of FCM in future plant genomic research, although it would pose a challenge, would be supported by these findings.
Microbial reduction of structural iron in interstratified illite‐smectite minerals by a sulfate‐reducing bacterium
Authors: LIU D. , DONG H. , BISHOP M. E. , ZHANG J. , WANG H. , XIE S. , WANG S. , HUANG L. , EBERL D. D. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractClay minerals are ubiquitous in soils, sediments, and sedimentary rocks and could coexist with sulfate‐reducing bacteria (SRB) in anoxic environments, however, the interactions of clay minerals and SRB are not well understood. The objective of this study was to understand the reduction rate and capacity of structural Fe(III) in dioctahedral clay minerals by a mesophilic SRB, Desulfovibrio vulgaris and the potential role in catalyzing smectite illitization. Bioreduction experiments were performed in batch systems, where four different clay minerals (nontronite NAu‐2, mixed‐layer illite‐smectite RAr‐1 and ISCz‐1, and illite IMt‐1) were exposed to D. vulgaris in a non‐growth medium with and without anthraquinone‐2,6‐disulfonate (AQDS) and sulfate. Our results demonstrated that D. vulgaris was able to reduce structural Fe(III) in these clay minerals, and AQDS enhanced the reduction rate and extent. In the presence of AQDS, sulfate had little effect on Fe(III) bioreduction. In the absence of AQDS, sulfate increased the reduction rate and capacity, suggesting that sulfide produced during sulfate reduction reacted with the phyllosilicate Fe(III). The extent of bioreduction of structural Fe(III) in the clay minerals was positively correlated with the percentage of smectite and mineral surface area of these minerals. X‐ray diffraction, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy results confirmed formation of illite after bioreduction. These data collectively showed that D. vulgaris could promote smectite illitization through reduction of structural Fe(III) in clay minerals.
The washout rate of a subcutaneous 99mTc‐HSA depot in lower extremity lymphoedema
Authors: Jensen Mads R. , Simonsen Lene , Karlsmark Tonny , Bülow Jens 
Published: November 2011

SummaryPurpose:  Lymphoscintigraphy is currently the leading diagnostic modality of lower extremity lymphoedema but has been criticized for being unreliable. Washout rate constants have been investigated and proven to be of diagnostic value in several studies of breast‐cancer‐related lymphoedema; however, the applicability in lower extremity lymphoedema needs further evaluation. The aim of the study was to verify if washout of 99mTc‐Human Serum Albumin (99mTc‐HSA) is a reliable diagnostic tool in lower extremity lymphoedema.Methods:  Twenty healthy volunteers and eight patients (11 legs) with lymphoscintigraphy verified lower extremity lymphoedema participated in the study. A depot consisting of 0·1 ml 10 MBq/ml 99mTc‐HSA was injected subcutaneously into the dorsum of each foot. The depot washout rate was measured using a portable scintillation detector system and time‐activity curves were generated. After 30 min of supine rest and 10 min of standardized ergometric exercise, measurements were recorded for 20 min. Following correction for physical decay of 99mTc, the depot washout rate constant was calculated using linear regression analysis. Finally depot half‐life was calculated from the washout rate constant.Results:  Median half‐life for healthy volunteers was 9·4 h (range 2·5–28·3 h). Median half‐life for lymphoedema patients was 10·7 h (range 1·5–35·1 h). No statistical significant difference could be detected between healthy volunteers and lymphoedema patients (P = 0·78).Conclusions:  The washout rate of a subcutaneous 99mTc‐HSA depot is not a reliable diagnostic tool in examination of lower extremity lymphoedema. Additional examinations revealed in vivo instability of the utilized 99mTc‐HSA as the likely reason.
Vasovagal reactions in whole blood donors at three REDS‐II blood centers in Brazil
Authors: Gonçalez Thelma T. , Sabino Ester C. , Schlumpf Karen S. , Wright David J. , Leao Silvana , Sampaio Divaldo , Takecian Pedro L. , Proitetti Anna B. , Murphy Edward , Busch Michael , Custer Brian ,   for the NHLBI Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study‐II (REDS‐II), International Component
Published: November 2011

BACKGROUND: In Brazil little is known about adverse reactions during donation and the donor characteristics that may be associated with such events. Donors are offered snacks and fluids before donating and are required to consume a light meal after donation. For these reasons the frequency of reactions may be different than those observed in other countries.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A cross‐sectional study was conducted of eligible whole blood donors at three large blood centers located in Brazil between July 2007 and December 2009. Vasovagal reactions (VVRs) along with donor demographic and biometric data were collected. Reactions were defined as any presyncopal or syncopal event during the donation process. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of VVRs.RESULTS: Of 724,861 donor presentations, 16,129 (2.2%) VVRs were recorded. Rates varied substantially between the three centers: 53, 290, and 381 per 10,000 donations in Recife, São Paulo, and Belo Horizonte, respectively. Although the reaction rates varied, the donor characteristics associated with VVRs were similar (younger age [18‐29 years], replacement donors, first‐time donors, low estimated blood volume [EBV]). In multivariable analysis controlling for differences between the donor populations in each city younger age, first‐time donor status, and lower EBV were the factors most associated with reactions.CONCLUSION: Factors associated with VVRs in other locations are also evident in Brazil. The difference in VVR rates between the three centers might be due to different procedures for identifying and reporting the reactions. Potential interventions to reduce the risk of reactions in Brazil should be considered.
Severe hemorrhage because of delayed iliac vein rupture after dialysis catheter placement: Is it preventable?
Authors: Sirvent Ana E. , Enríquez Ricardo , Millán Isabel , García‐Marco Jose M. , Rodríguez‐Czaplicki Elías , Redondo‐Pachón Maria D. , González César , Amorós Francisco 
Published: November 2011

AbstractMechanical complications of femoral catheterization for hemodialysis include pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistulae, neurological injury, and vessel perforation. With regard to the latter, severe hemorrhage is a rare but devastating and potentially fatal complication. We report the case of a 76‐year‐old female who underwent femoral catheterization for hemodialysis using ultrasound guidance. The first hemodialysis session was conducted without incident. Unfortunately, inadvertent injury and delayed perforation of the iliac vein resulted in severe hemorrhage and retroperitoneal hematoma. Surgical repair was performed. The patient was asymptomatic after the procedure and was discharged 15 days later. Based on this case and a review of the literature, we present mechanisms and ways to prevent this complication.
“Hummus is best when it is fresh and made by Arabs”: The gourmetization of hummus in Israel and the return of the repressed Arab
Authors: HIRSCH DAFNA 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTIn this article, I examine the “cultural biography” of hummus in Israel from the Mandate period to the present, focusing on the changing place of Arabness in the signification of the dish. Contrary to accounts that regard food consumption as metonymic of political relations, I argue that, because food items move in several fields, both their consumption and signification are overdetermined processes. Rather than taking hummus to be the essential “food of the Other,” I show that the Arab identity of hummus functions as a resource, employed by social actors embedded in various political, social, and economic projects.
TurboConsumers™ in paradise: Tourism, civil rights, and Brazil's gay sex industry
Authors: MITCHELL GREGORY 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTIn this article, I examine the contradictory ideals and practices of North American gay sex tourists in Brazil. Even as gay travel can be an edifying search for broader community, gay tourists I met also argued that their travel and spending encourage local communities to become more tolerant of gay subjectivities. Gay tourists were attracted by “exotic” and “different” local models for same‐sex desire, but they simultaneously promoted the universality of “gay identity” to sex workers as a matter of modernity and gay rights, thereby attempting to delegitimize the very sexual difference that initially attracted them. Moreover, tourists’ efforts to link consumer capability to sexual identification and civil rights reflect a larger and even more dangerous tendency to cede ethically grounded claims for equal rights to market‐based ones.
Rewriting the past and reimagining the future: The social life of a Tamil heritage language industry
Authors: NEELA DAS SONIA 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTGlobally circulating discourses associated with heritage language industries often promote temporally dichotomous views of spoken and written languages that deny coeval status to linguistic minorities. In the multilingual city of Montreal, Quebec, where Sri Lankan refugees work to preserve a classicalist style of Written Tamil and Indian immigrants work to revitalize a modernist style of Spoken Tamil, this division of labor is undermined by elders and youth who, in mixing colloquial and literary styles of Tamil, French, and English, reframe curricular and nationalist discourses of language loss and degeneration into more empowering narratives of developmental progress and ethnolinguistic identification.
Embodying emergent masculinities: Men engaging with reproductive and sexual health technologies in the Middle East and Mexico
Authors: INHORN MARCIA C. , WENTZELL EMILY A. 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTWe employ Raymond Williams's concept of “emergence” to capture new forms of embodied masculinities in the Middle East and Mexico, two sites marked by powerful local stereotypes of manliness. Men there are enacting “emergent masculinities”—living out new ways of being men in attempts to counter forms of manhood that they see as harmfully hegemonic. They do this partly through engagements with emergent health technologies, including assisted reproductive technologies for male infertility and pharmaceutical technologies for erectile dysfunction that today are reshaping sociopolitical and intimate realities. We argue that masculinities research within anthropology must account for these ongoing, embodied changes in men's enactments of masculinities over time on both individual and societal levels. Furthermore, we heed R. W. Connell's advice that reformulations of hegemonic masculinity theory must consider new comparative geographies, forms of masculine embodiment, and social dynamics of masculinity around the globe.
Close‐range behaviour of male pea moths, Cydia nigricana, responding to sex pheromone re‐released via the substrate
Authors: Perry J. N. , Wall C. , Clark Suzanne J. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe close‐range orientation behaviour of male pea moths, Cydia nigricana (F.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), to a substrate contaminated with synthetic sex pheromone was studied in the field. The substrate was a sheet of polypropylene ‘grass’ on a 1 m diam arena, on the upwind edge of which a pheromone trap had been placed previously for 1 h. After removal of the trap, moths continued to be attracted to the arena and to the vacated trap position. Video‐recorded tracks showed that the moths behaved anemotactically whilst on the arena. When the arena was revolved so that the vacated trap position was on the downwind edge, moths continued to fly upwind on the arena, even though they were flying away from the original trap position and down a concentration gradient.
Aggregation response of European engraver beetles of the genus Ips mediated by terpenoid pheromones
Authors: Kohnle U. , Vité J. P. , Erbacher C. , Bartels J. , Francke W. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractUpon exposure to vapours of the host tree's monoterpene (‐)‐α‐pinene, Ips acuminatus produces the terpene alcohol cis‐verbenol which, besides ipsdienol and ipsenol, is a component of its aggregation pheromone. I. cembrae transforms the same monoterpene predominantly into myrtenol and trans‐verbenol but little into cis‐verbenol, which interrupts pheromone response under field conditions.On the other hand, I. cembrae releases, upon feeding in the bark, the terpene alcohol amitinol in major amounts. Amitinol significantly enhances field response to the aggregation pheromone that also includes ipsdienol, ipsenol, and 3‐methyl‐3‐buten‐1‐ol. However, amitinol reduces pheromone response in I. acuminatus and I. erosus. Also, males of I. sexdentatus release amitinol which appears to increase response to its attractive principle pheromone component, racemic ipsdienol. There is some evidence that present knowledge of the chemical communication systems among European Ips spp. still lacks satisfactory explanation of the naturally occuring aggregation en masse, perhaps with the exception of I. erosus and I. typographus.