bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a Large-Scale Infiltration Tank for Determination of the Hydraulic Properties of Expansive Clays
Authors: Tang Anh-Minh , Ta An-Ninh , Cui Yu-Jun , Thiriat Jérémy 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
A large-scale infiltration tank was developed to study the water transfer in compacted expansive clay. Volumetric water content sensors were buried in a soil column for water content monitoring during infiltration. In addition to water content, soil suction and temperature at various locations and the heave at the soil surface were also monitored. Emphasis was put in minimizing the effect of sensors installation on water transfer and soil deformation. The results obtained for 338 days of infiltration were presented in terms of changes in suction, volumetric water content, temperature, and the soil heave. Based on the recorded data, the performance and limitation of different suction and volumetric water content sensors and the adopted test procedure were analyzed. The recorded data on soil suction and volumetric water content were finally analyzed for determining the unsaturated hydraulic properties of soil, such as the water retention curve and the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity. Note also that the results constitute useful data for further physical analysis or numerical models’ calibration.
Massive transfusion and surgical management of iatrogenic aortic laceration associated with cystocentesis in a dog
Authors: Buckley Gareth J. , Aktay Sevima A. , Rozanski Elizabeth A. 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
Case Description—A 4-year-old 29-kg (63.8-lb) spayed female Husky crossbred was referred for emergency treatment because of catastrophic hemorrhagic shock following attempts at cystocentesis for investigation of suspected urinary tract infection.
Clinical Findings—On arrival at the hospital, clinicopathologic assessments revealed rapidly decreasing PCV and worsening hypoproteinemia, compared with findings immediately prior to referral. The dog had severe hyperlactemia. Ultrasonography revealed the presence of free fluid in the abdomen; the fluid appeared to be blood (determined via abdominocentesis).
Treatment and Outcome—Urgent surgical exploration was undertaken. Two small lacerations in the ventral aspect of the abdominal aorta just dorsal to the bladder were identified and repaired. Multiple transfusions of packed RBCs (5 units) and fresh frozen plasma (3 units) were administered, and autotransfusion of blood (1.2 L) from the abdomen was performed. The dog recovered well from surgery and anesthesia, but developed signs of severe pain and swelling of both hind limbs, which were attributed to reperfusion injury following aortic occlusion during surgery. Treatment included administration of S-adenosylmethionine (23 mg/kg [10.5 mg/lb], PO, q 24 h) and analgesia; 5 days after surgery, the hind limb problems had resolved and treatments were discontinued.
Clinical Relevance—In the dog of this report, aortic laceration secondary to cystocentesis was successfully treated with a combination of surgery and massive transfusion; the development of reperfusion injury was an interesting and reversible complication of surgery. The possibility of damage to intra-abdominal structures should be investigated if a dog becomes acutely ill after cystocentesis.
Comparison of pregnancy diagnosis in dairy cattle by use of a commercial ELISA and palpation per rectum
Authors: Breed Matthew W. , Guard Charles L. , White Maurice E. , Smith Mary C. , Warnick Lorin D. 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
Objective—To compare agreement between 2 pregnancy tests in dairy cattle.
Design—Evaluation study.
Animals—976 and 507 cattle for phases 1 and 2, respectively.
Procedures—Blood samples were collected, and palpation per rectum (PPR) was performed on cattle. Blood samples for the pregnancy-specific protein B (PSPB) ELISA were sent by courier to a commercial laboratory with results returned later. Results of PPR were extracted from herd records. Statistical comparison of results was performed by use of a mixed linear model and N analysis.
Results—Of 571 cattle classified as pregnant by the PSPB ELISA in phase 1, 30 (5%) were nonpregnant by PPR. Mean ± SE adjusted optical density (OD) of cattle classified pregnant by both tests was significantly higher (0.31 ± 0.01), compared with the adjusted OD of cattle classified pregnant by the PSPB ELISA and nonpregnant by PPR (0.22 ± 0.02). Of 255 cows classified pregnant by the PSPB ELISA in phase 2, 31 (12%) were nonpregnant by PPR. Mean ± SE adjusted OD of cattle classified pregnant by both tests was significantly higher (0.26 ± 0.01), compared with the adjusted OD of cattle classified pregnant by the PSPB ELISA and nonpregnant by PPR (0.21 ± 0.01). The N value was 0.82 and 0.81 for phases 1 and 2, respectively.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Good agreement existed between the 2 tests, especially at longer intervals after insemination. Discrepant results appeared to be attributable to a nonviable fetus, embryonic loss, or fetal loss.
Isolation of Mononuclear Cells from Tonsillar Tissue
Authors: Johnston Andrew , Sigurdardottir Sigrun L. , Ryon Judith J. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractLocated on the inside of the throat, the paired palatine tonsils form part of the first major barrier protecting the digestive and respiratory tracts from potentially invading microorganisms. The tonsils have a surface of stratified squamous epithelium that extends into deep and branched crypts lined by reticulated epithelium, which in parts may only be one cell thick. Organized in the sub‐epithelial space are B cell rich lymphoid follicles. T cells are mostly located in the extra‐follicular spaces with a very high CD4:CD8 T cell ratio. In addition to the T and B cell subsets, six phenotypes of dendritic cells (DC) have been identified in the tonsils: Langerhans cells in the squamous epithelium, germinal center DC, and follicular DC in the germinal center, and another three DC phenotypes that are located in the extra‐follicular area (interdigitating DC, plasmacytoid DC, and lympho‐epithelial symbiosis‐DC). Here, we describe the isolation of tonsil mononuclear cells from fresh human tonsil. Curr. Protoc. Immunol. 86:7.8.1‐7.8.4. © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Phage Display Selection, Analysis, and Prediction of B Cell Epitopes
Authors: Freund Natalia Tarnovitski , Enshell‐Seijffers David , Gershoni Jonathan M. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractCombinatorial phage display libraries of random peptides can be used to discover the epitopes of antibodies through a procedure termed “biopanning.” The affinity isolation of phage‐displayed epitope peptidomimetics allows molecular definition of the epitopes of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). Panels of MAb‐specific peptides allow computational prediction of B cell epitopes. Epitope profiles recognized by polyclonal serum samples can also be generated. Detailed step by step protocols and discussion of applications are provided. Curr. Protoc. Immunol. 86:9.8.1‐9.8.30. © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Growth and Maintenance of Quail Fibrosarcoma QM5 Cells
Authors: Tran Anh , Berard Alicia , Coombs Kevin M. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThis appendix describes techniques for culturing quail fibrosarcoma QM5 cell lines, one of the preferred cell lines in which many avian reovirus studies take place. Curr. Protoc. Microbiol. 14:A.4G.1‐A.4G.7. © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Event report training: An examination of the efficacy of a new intervention to improve children's eyewitness reports
Authors: Krackow Elisa , Lynn Steven Jay 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThis study tested the efficacy of Event Report Training (ERT), a training procedure designed to improve children's memory reports and decrease suggestibility. Children (N = 58) participated in two forensically relevant play events. Two weeks later, children received ERT or participated in control procedures, after which they received a memory interview. Results indicated that ERT decreased suggestibility to abuse‐related questions in preschoolers; their responses were highly accurate and age differences were eliminated. ERT did not increase the amount of information preschoolers provided in response to open‐ended questions. However, with ERT 7‐ to 8‐year‐olds reported 32% more information which included a 32% increase in actions, without an accompanying increase in incorrect information. Due to school‐aged children's high accuracy rates, it was impossible to gauge the effectiveness of ERT in reducing suggestibility. The failure to obtain an effect of ERT in preschoolers' open‐ended recall is discussed in terms of their cognitive‐developmental limitations. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Osmolyte controlled fibrillation kinetics of insulin: New insight into fibrillation using the preferential exclusion principle
Authors: Nayak Arpan , Lee Chuang‐Chung , McRae Gregory J. , Belfort Georges 
Published: August 2009

AbstractAmyloid proteins are converted from their native‐fold to long β‐sheet‐rich fibrils in a typical sigmoidal time‐dependent protein aggregation curve. This reaction process from monomer or dimer to oligomer to nuclei and then to fibrils is the subject of intense study. The main results of this work are based on the use of a well‐studied model amyloid protein, insulin, which has been used in vitro by others. Nine osmolyte molecules, added during the protein aggregation process for the production of amyloid fibrils, slow‐down or speed up the process depending on the molecular structure of each osmolyte. Of these, all stabilizing osmolytes (sugars) slow down the aggregation process in the following order: tri > di > monosaccharides, whereas destabilizing osmolytes (urea, guanidium hydrochloride) speed up the aggregation process in a predictable way that fits the trend of all osmolytes. With respect to kinetics, we illustrate, by adapting our earlier reaction model to the insulin system, that the intermediates (trimers, tetramers, pentamers, etc.) are at very low concentrations and that nucleation is orders of magnitude slower than fibril growth. The results are then collated into a cogent explanation using the preferential exclusion and accumulation of osmolytes away from and at the protein surface during nucleation, respectively. Both the heat of solution and the neutral molecular surface area of the osmolytes correlate linearly with two fitting parameters of the kinetic rate model, that is, the lag time and the nucleation rate prior to fibril formation. These kinetic and thermodynamic results support the preferential exclusion model and the existence of oligomers including nuclei and larger structures that could induce toxicity. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2009
Cloning, expression, and identification of anti‐carbofuran single chain Fv gene
Authors: Wang Hong , Yang Jinyi , Liu Xixia , Liang Yan , Lei Hongtao , Shen Yudong , Xu Xiaoyan , Sun Yuanming , Xu Zhenlin , He Yongsheng 
Published: August 2009

AbstractPhage display method was used to clone anti‐carbofuran (CBF) single chain Fv (scFv) gene. The heavy chain and light chain variable region genes were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction from the CBF‐specific hybridoma cell lines 5D3 and assembled as a scFv DNA fragment with linker peptide (Gly4Ser)3. The scFv DNA fragment was cloned into M13 phagemid vector pCANTAB5E and the anti‐CBF antibody libraries were then constructed. After one round of panning with CBF‐ovalbumin (CBF‐OVA) as a conjugate, antigen‐binding positive recombinant phage clones were successfully selected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The positive phages were used to infect Escherichia coli HB2151 cells and the expression of the soluble scFv antibodies was then induced by IPTG. The scFv antibody was about 31 kDa by SDS‐PAGE and showed HRP‐anti‐E‐tag antibody‐recognized activity by Western blotting. The indirect competitive ELISA (icELISA) showed that the recombinant scFv antibody could competitively combine with CBF, with the IC50 value of 1.07 ng/mL. The cross reactivity studies showed that the anti‐CBF scFv antibody, similar to the parent monoclonal antibody, poses high specificity to CBF and has little reactivity to the analogs. Taken together, these findings suggest that the recombinant scFv antibody can be used for further developing immunoassay method for CBF. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2009
Using modal series to analyze the transient response of oscillators
Authors: Khatibi Mahmood , Shanechi Hasan Modir 
Published: August 2009

AbstractIn this paper, a new form of Modal series is used to obtain the transient time‐domain response of oscillators. It is applicable to n‐dimensional systems and is not dependent on the existence of a small parameter in circuit's model. In addition, it provides an approximate analytical expression for the transient response instead of numerical solutions. It is valuable since the transient response of oscillators is not frequency stationary and therefore the FFT of numerical methods may not be so useful. The Colpitts oscillator is selected as a case study and a closed‐form expression for its transient response is derived which approximates the real response up to the steady state. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Expression analysis of Sulf1 in the chick forebrain at early and late stages of development
Authors: García‐López Raquel , Soula Cathy , Martínez Salvador 
Published: August 2009

AbstractSulfatase 1 is a secreted enzyme that modulates the sulfation state of heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), which are potential key regulators of diverse developmental signals during embryonic patterning. In the present work, we have analyzed the Sulf1 gene expression pattern during chicken forebrain development. Our results indicate that, at early developmental stages, chicken Sulf1 is expressed in the alar and basal plate of the secondary prosencephalon (telencephalon and hypothalamus, respectively) as well as in the diencephalic basal and floor plates. Later in development, Sulf1 is expressed by a subset of nuclei derived from these regions. Developmental Dynamics 238:2418–2429, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cloning and expression of candidate sexual development genes in the cane toad (Bufo marinus)
Authors: Abramyan John , Feng Chun‐Wei , Koopman Peter 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe development of the reproductive system in bufonids (true toads) is unique in several respects: sexual differentiation occurs later than in other anurans, and toads develop a Bidder's organ, a rudimentary ovary that can be manipulated in males to produce mature oocytes. To illuminate the genesis of this unusual reproductive system, we isolated from the cane toad (Bufo marinus) the orthologues of several known vertebrate sex‐determining genes, determined their primary structure, and studied their expression by reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization of tissue sections. We report here that cane toad Sox9, Dmrt1, and p450aromatase (Cyp19a1) are highly homologous to their counterparts in other vertebrates. They show profiles of expression that generally follow patterns observed in other taxa, but with some novel features. Our data suggest that these genes likely play key roles in sex determination and early gonad development in bufonids. Developmental Dynamics 238:2430–2441, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Simultaneous enantioselective determination of fenamiphos and its two metabolites in soil sample by CE
Authors: Lecoeur‐Lorin Marie , Delépée Raphaël , Morin Philippe 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe enantioseparation of fenamiphos and its two main metabolites (fenamiphos sulfoxide and fenamiphos sulfone) were simultaneously achieved by CE by using a dual CD system. A mixture of 25 mM carboxymethyl‐β‐CD and 10 mM hydroxypropyl‐α‐CD was added to the acetic acid/ammonia (ionic strength=50 mM, pH 5) buffer and was suitable for the baseline resolution of all stereoisomers of analytes. A further addition of 5% methanol to the BGE increased significantly the resolution between the diastereoisomers of fenamiphos sulfoxide. An overimposed pressure (0.2 psi) was applied during the analysis in order to have better peak efficiencies and small run time. The composition of the sample solvent was found to be a crucial parameter. An amount of 15% MeOH added to the sample was a good alternative to ensure the total solubility of fenamiphos and the baseline separation of fenamiphos sulfoxide enantiomers. The extraction of pesticides from soil samples was also investigated. A methanolic extraction allowed recovering 50–75% of pesticides, which were detected by CE at the parts per million concentration level (3–100 mg/kg) with a good precision (5.1–13.2% RSD). This method was applied to soil samples and was found to be suitable to monitor the enantiomeric degradation of fenamiphos in environmental samples.
Optimal load curtailment using multi‐objective fuzzy linear programming method
Authors: Liu Sige , Fan Mingtian , Zhou Xiaoxin , Cheng Haozhong 
Published: August 2009

AbstractIn this paper, the optimal load curtailment (OLC) problem is formulated as a multi‐objective optimization framework, which objectives include maximizing the security margin and minimizing the cost incurred for load curtailment. A new and comprehensive multi‐objective fuzzy linear programming (MFLP) method is developed to solve this presented OLC model. Using the MFLP method, objectives and constrains of the OLC model are fuzzied and their enforcements are maximized. The MFLP model can deal with the uncertainties that exist in certain variables and overcome the limitations of minor constraint violations in normal LP model. The effectiveness of the developed method is tested on the modified IEEE 30 bus system and the IEEE 118 bus system. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A two‐grid fictitious domain method for direct simulation of flows involving non‐interacting particles of a very small size
Authors: Dechaume A. , Finlay W. H. , Minev P. D. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe full resolution of flows involving particles whose scale is hundreds or thousands of times smaller than the size of the flow domain is a challenging problem. A naive approach would require a tremendous number of degrees of freedom in order to bridge the gap between the two spatial scales involved. The approach used in the present study employs two grids whose grid size fits the two different scales involved, one of them (the micro‐scale grid) being embedded into the other (the macro‐scale grid). Then resolving first the larger scale on the macro‐scale grid, we transfer the so obtained data to the boundary of the micro‐scale grid and solve the smaller size problem. Since the particle is moving throughout the macro‐scale domain, the micro‐scale grid is fixed at the centroid of the moving particle and therefore moves with it. In this study we combine such an approach with a fictitious domain formulation of the problem resulting in a very efficient algorithm that is also easy to implement in an existing CFD code. We validate the method against existing experimental data for a sedimenting sphere, as well as analytical results for motion of an inertia‐less ellipsoid in a shear flow. Finally, we apply the method to the flow of a high aspect ratio ellipsoid in a model of a human lung airway bifurcation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Everyday functioning in mild cognitive impairment and its relationship with executive cognition
Authors: Aretouli Eleni , Brandt Jason 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectiveElderly persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are at increased risk of dementia and functional impairments. The present study investigated the contribution of three domains of executive cognition to everyday functioning among persons with MCI.Methods124 MCI patients and 68 cognitively normal elderly participants were administered a cognitive screening battery. These tests were used to divide patients into four subgroups (amnestic single domain, amnestic multiple domain, non‐amnestic single domain, and non‐amnestic multiple domain). Subjects were then administered 18 executive function tests that assess planning/problem‐solving, working memory, and judgment. Performance of everyday activities and everyday cognition was rated with two informant‐reported measures.ResultsAll MCI subtypes had more difficulties in everyday activities than cognitively normal elderly participants. Multiple domain MCI patients had more functional impairments than single domain MCI patients. Contrary to our expectations, only one executive function component, working memory, contributed significantly to functional status after controlling for demographic, health‐related and other cognitive factors.ConclusionsFunctional abilities are compromised in all MCI subtypes. Working memory may be associated with functional impairments, but general cognitive measures account for more unique variance. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neural differentiation regulated by biomimetic surfaces presenting motifs of extracellular matrix proteins
Authors: Cooke M. J. , Zahir T. , Phillips S. R. , Shah D. S. H. , Athey D. , Lakey J. H. , Shoichet M. S. , Przyborski S. A. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe interaction between cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) is essential during development. To elucidate the function of ECM proteins on cell differentiation, we developed biomimetic surfaces that display specific ECM peptide motifs in a controlled manner. Presentation of ECM domains for collagen, fibronectin, and laminin influenced the formation of neurites by differentiating PC12 cells. The effect of these peptide sequences was also tested on the development of adult neural stem/progenitor cells. In this system, collagen I and fibronectin induced the formation of beta‐III‐tubulin positive cells, whereas collagen IV reduced such differentiation. Biomimetic surfaces composed of multiple peptide types enabled the combinatorial effects of various ECM motifs to be studied. Surfaces displaying combined motifs were often predictable as a result of the synergistic effects of ECM peptides studied in isolation. For example, the additive effects of fibronectin and laminin resulted in greater expression of beta‐III‐tubulin positive cells, whereas the negative effect of the collagen IV domain was canceled out by coexpression of collagen I. However, simultaneous expression of certain ECM domains was less predictable. These data highlight the complexity of the cellular response to combined ECM signals and the need to study the function of ECM domains individually and in combination. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010