bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The contribution of work and non-work stressors to common mental disorders in the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey
Authors: Clark C. , Pike C. , McManus S. , Harris J. , Bebbington P. , Brugha T. , Jenkins R. , Meltzer H. , Weich S. , Stansfeld S. 
Published: September 2011

BackgroundEvidence for an effect of work stressors on common mental disorders (CMD) has increased over the past decade. However, studies have not considered whether the effects of work stressors on CMD remain after taking co-occurring non-work stressors into account.MethodData were from the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey, a national population survey of participants ⩾16 years living in private households in England. This paper analyses data from employed working age participants (N=3383: 1804 males; 1579 females). ICD-10 diagnoses for depressive episode, generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, agoraphobia, social phobia, panic or mixed anxiety and depression in the past week were derived using a structured diagnostic interview. Questionnaires assessed self-reported work stressors and non-work stressors.ResultsThe effects of work stressors on CMD were not explained by co-existing non-work stressors. We found independent effects of work and non-work stressors on CMD. Job stress, whether conceptualized as job strain or effort–reward imbalance, together with lower levels of social support at work, recent stressful life events, domestic violence, caring responsibilities, lower levels of non-work social support, debt and poor housing quality were all independently associated with CMD. Social support at home and debt did not influence the effect of work stressors on CMD.ConclusionsNon-work stressors do not appear to make people more susceptible to work stressors; both contribute to CMD. Tackling workplace stress is likely to benefit employee psychological health even if the employee's home life is stressful but interventions incorporating non-work stressors may also be effective.
Increased risk of mortality associated with social isolation in older men: only when feeling lonely? Results from the Amsterdam Study of the Elderly (AMSTEL)
Authors: Holwerda T. J. , Beekman A. T. F. , Deeg D. J. H. , Stek M. L. , van Tilburg T. G. , Visser P. J. , Schmand B. , Jonker C. , Schoevers R. A. 
Published: September 2011

BackgroundLoneliness has a significant influence on both physical and mental health. Few studies have investigated the possible associations of loneliness with mortality risk, impact on men and women and whether this impact concerns the situation of being alone (social isolation), experiencing loneliness (feeling lonely) or both. The current study investigated whether social isolation and feelings of loneliness in older men and women were associated with increased mortality risk, controlling for depression and other potentially confounding factors.MethodIn our prospective cohort study of 4004 older persons aged 65–84 years with a 10-year follow-up of mortality data a Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to test whether social isolation factors and feelings of loneliness predicted an increased risk of mortality, controlling for psychiatric disorders and medical conditions, cognitive functioning, functional status and sociodemographic factors.ResultsAt 10 years follow-up, significantly more men than women with feelings of loneliness at baseline had died. After adjustment for explanatory variables including social isolation, the mortality hazard ratio for feelings of loneliness was 1.30 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04–1.63] in men and 1.04 (95% CI 0.90–1.24) in women. No higher risk of mortality was found for social isolation.ConclusionsFeelings of loneliness rather than social isolation factors were found to be a major risk factor for increasing mortality in older men. Developing a better understanding of the nature of this association may help us to improve quality of life and longevity, especially in older men.
Recurrence rates for observations of flows
Authors: ROUSSEAU JÉRÔME 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe study Poincaré recurrence for flows and observations of flows. For Anosov flow, we prove that the recurrence rates are linked to the local dimension of the invariant measure. More generally, we give for the recurrence rates for the observations an upper bound depending on the push-forward measure. When the flow is metrically isomorphic to a suspension flow for which the dynamic on the base is rapidly mixing, we prove the existence of a lower bound for the recurrence rates for the observations. We apply these results to the geodesic flow and we compute the recurrence rates for a particular observation of the geodesic flow, i.e. the projection on the manifold.
How to measure the onset of babbling reliably?
Authors: MOLEMANS INGE , VAN DEN BERG RENATE , VAN SEVEREN LIEVE , GILLIS STEVEN 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTVarious measures for identifying the onset of babbling have been proposed in the literature, but a formal definition of the exact procedure and a thorough validation of the sample size required for reliably establishing babbling onset is lacking. In this paper the reliability of five commonly used measures is assessed using a large longitudinal corpus of spontaneous speech from forty infants (age 0 ; 6−2 ; 0). In a first experiment it is shown that establishing the onset of babbling with reasonable (95%) confidence is impossible when the measures are computed only once, and when the number of vocalizations are not equal for all children at all ages. In addition, each measure requires a different minimal sample size. In the second experiment a robust procedure is proposed and formally defined that permits the identification of the onset of babbling with 95% confidence. The bootstrapping procedure involves extensive resampling and requires relatively few data.
Cancer is a side effect of evolution of viruses and bacteria
Authors: Mitin Valentin 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAny human organism is home to viruses and bacteria. However, viruses (as well as other intracellular parasites) are interested in continuous division of the host cells. Unlimited division of the host cells means unlimited expansion of the living space and possibility for unlimited multiplication of viral particles. For this, human Cell Cycle Regulation System has to be affected in such a way to induce unlimited division of host cells. The present work describes oncogenome`s model of cancer development, according to which, in order to stimulate cell division, viruses affect a gene (or several genes) during transduction of a signal for cell division from growth factor to cyclin/CDK system. At the same time, controlling gene (p53, RB etc.) function and a switch to apoptosis are suppressed. Cell switch to cell division implies inability of the cell to carry out the functions of a differentiated cell. Spreading of viruses (bacteria) to the adjacent cells and forcing them into division, with simultaneous loss of differentiated cell functions, will become evident as the formation of malignant tumor or cancer.
Managing Bio-Models: *Model Storage, Retrieval, Ranking and Versioning
Authors: Henkel Ron , Waltemath Dagmar , Wolkenhauer Olaf 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn this poster, we present our experience with techniques for the management of bio-models (i.e. XML-encoded computational models of biological systems) in repositories. These techniques support users to find, access, adapt and then re-submit models - tasks which are essential for the reuse of models in systems biology. Here, we focus on model retrieval, the ranking of search results and concepts to track the history of a model through version control. These concepts have so far not been sufficiently addressed in existing systems.To validate our techniques, we have been implemented a framework called Sombi. The underlying database called mDB is tailored towards a fine-grained storage of the model and its annotations. The design is applicable to different representation formats but, to begin with, has been tested with SBML models (Köhn et al., 2009).We furthermore present a retrieval algorithm for bio-model repositories (Henkel et al., 2010). The algorithm has been implemented and validated with mDB and the BioModels Database (www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels-main/). The ranked retrieval enhances the result set by incorporating expert knowledge in the annotations. In contrast to existing systems, our approach provides a ranked result which is justified and explains the ordering of retrieved models to the users. The mDB design furthermore enables the application of structured queries on the stored model data.Finally, the poster proposes a solution to model version control. We introduce a library called BiVeS for tracking a model’s history in a diff tree; i.e. a tree-like storage of changes between model versions. These changes are additionally classified into modifications to XML structure, biology and mathematics. This information helps to understand existing models.All approaches are independent of the SBML format and can therefore be applied to other XML based exchange formats. All code is freely available on Sourceforge from http://bives.sourceforge.net/ and http://sombi.sourceforge.net/.
Functional Curation: Potential Future Directions for SED-ML
Authors: Cooper Jonathan , Mirams Gary 
Published: September 2011

Abstract"Functional curation":http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2011.06.003 of models is essentially about enabling a set of models to be tested for reproduction of a particular behaviour under some protocol. The idea is to examine which of the models are capable of replicating experimentally observed results, and evaluate their suitability for reuse in particular modelling studies. This requires a description of the protocol being performed on the models, and ideally a community agreed standard for these. Clearly SED-ML is the obvious candidate here, however, in its current form it has a few limitations that preclude this application. This talk discusses the requirements posed by functional curation, and introduces our ideas for extending SED-ML to address them.
PKCβ inhibition with ruboxistaurin reduces oxidative stress and attenuates left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfuntion in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes
Authors: Liu Yanan , Lei Shaoqing , Gao Xia , Mao Xiaowen , Wang Tingting , Wong Gordon T. , Vanhoutte Paul M. , Irwin Michael G. , Xia Zhengyuan 
Published: September 2011

Oxidative stress plays critical roles in the development of diabetic cardiovascular complications, including myocardial hypertrophy. The β isoform of PKC (protein kinase C) is preferentially overexpressed in the myocardium of diabetic subjects accompanied with increased activation of the pro-oxidant enzyme NADPH oxidase, which may exacerbate oxidative stress. We hypothesized that myocardial PKCβ is a major upstream mediator of oxidative stress in diabetes and that PKCβ inhibition can attenuate myocardial hypertrophy and dysfunction. Control or streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated with the selective PKCβ inhibitor RBX (ruboxistaurin; 1 mg/kg of body weight per day) or the antioxidant NAC (N-acetylcysteine) for 4 weeks. LV (left ventricular) dimensions and functions were detected by echocardiography. 15-F2t-isoprostane (a specific index of oxidative stress) and myocardial activities of superoxide dismutase as well as protein levels of NADPH oxidase were assessed by immunoassay or Western blotting. Echocardiography revealed that the LV mass/body weight ratio was significantly increased in diabetic rats (P&lt;0.01 compared with the control group) in parallel with the impaired LV relaxation. A significant increase in cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area was observed in diabetic rats accompanied by an increased production of O2− (superoxide anion) and 15-F2t-isoprostane (all P&lt;0.05 compared with the control group). RBX normalized these changes with concomitant inhibition of PKCβ2 activation and prevention of NADPH oxidase subunit p67phox membrane translocation and p22phox overexpression. The effects of RBX were comparable with that of NAC, except that NAC was inferior to RBX in attenuating cardiac dysfunction. It is concluded that RBX can ameliorate myocardial hypertrophy and dysfunction in diabetes, which may represent a novel therapy in the prevention of diabetic cardiovascular complications.
Multiple mechanisms driving detachment folding as deduced from 3D reconstruction and geomechanical restoration: the Pico del Águila anticline (External Sierras, Southern Pyrenees)
Authors: Vidal‐Royo Oskar , Cardozo Nestor , Muñoz Josep Anton , Hardy Stuart , Maerten Laurent 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) modelling allows observation of geological features that may not be evident by classical two‐dimensional approaches. This is particularly important in the Pico del Águila anticline (Central External Sierras, Southern Pyrenees, Spain), a structure characterized by important geometrical variability in 3D. The Pico del Águila is a N–S‐trending fold, transverse to the E–W‐trending South‐Pyrenean thrust front, with well‐exposed growth strata that record the evolution of the structure and the influence of the South‐Pyrenean thrust front. Fold kinematics is complex and not precisely quantified. It is characterized by multiple folding mechanisms acting simultaneously in a heterogeneous stratigraphic sequence. To better understand the fold's structural evolution, 3D reconstruction and geomechanical restoration of the structure were performed. The restoration takes into account rock mechanical properties without assuming a specific kinematic model. Our work suggests that the growth of the structure was characterized by variable uplift/sedimentation rates through time and between fold limbs. The restoration also reveals that a combination of multiple folding mechanisms operated simultaneously in different units and structural domains during anti‐clinal growth. This has major implications in the understanding of detachment folds with associated growth strata, as such structures are described in many settings as potential traps for hydrocarbons and natural resources.
Restoring a sense of wellness following colorectal cancer: a grounded theory
Authors: Beech Nicola , Arber Anne , Faithfull Sara 
Published: September 2011

beech n., arber a. & faithfull s. (2011) Restoring a sense of wellness following colorectal cancer: a grounded theory. Journal of Advanced Nursing 68(5), 1134–1144.AbstractAim.  This paper reports a study to develop a grounded theory to explain the experience of recovery following surgery for colorectal cancer.Background.  Studies have adopted a biomedical framework to measure quality of life and symptom distress following surgery for colorectal cancer. These studies suggest that symptoms of pain, insomnia and fatigue, may persist for many months following treatment. Fewer studies have considered the individual’s experiences and perspective of the emotional, social and cultural aspects of recovery.Methods.  A longitudinal study using grounded theory was conducted with 12 individuals, who had received surgery for colorectal cancer. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted at four time points over 1 year following surgery, between 2007 and 2009. Grounded theory analysis was undertaken using Strauss and Corbin’s framework.Findings.  Recovery is described in three phases: disrupting the self; repairing the self; restoring the self. The core category is Restoring a sense of wellness; fostered through awareness and enjoyment of the physical, emotional, spiritual and social aspects of life. A sense of wellness exists as a duality with a sense of illness, where both perspectives may co‐exist but one usually takes precedence. A sense of illness pervades when the individual is preoccupied with illness and the illness continues to disrupt their daily life.Conclusion.  Recovery takes time and energy, particularly when the individual is at home and in relative isolation from health professionals. Opportunities exist for nurses to provide information and support to facilitate the individual in their progress towards achieving a sense of wellness.
Using Campinha‐Bacote’s process of cultural competence model to examine the relationship between health literacy and cultural competence
Authors: Ingram Racquel Richardson 
Published: September 2011

ingram r.r. (2012) Using Campinha‐Bacote’s process of cultural competence model to examine the relationship between health literacy and cultural competence. Journal of Advanced Nursing68(3), 695–704.AbstractAim.  This paper presents a discussion of the relation between health literacy and cultural competence in nursing practice.Background.  Cultural competence involves understanding values, beliefs, traditions and customs of diverse groups. Health literacy is the degree to which individuals can obtain, process, and understand health information to make healthcare decisions. Cultural competence and health literacy are directly related to healthcare. Campinha‐Bacote’s Process of Cultural Competence Model can assist nurses in addressing cultural issues associated with a person’s low health literacy.Data sources.  Literature searches were performed using CINAHL, ERIC, Academic Search Premier, Health Source Nursing, MasterFILE Premier and Academic OneFile. All articles reviewed were published in peer reviewed journals in English from the 1990s to the present and were relevant to health literacy and cultural competence in nursing. Books and other supporting scholarly sources were also used.Discussion.  Health literacy and cultural competence are related. Applying Campinha‐Bacote’s Process of Cultural Competence Model using the mnemonic ASKED (awareness, skills, knowledge, encounters and desire) involves incorporating culturally appropriate assessments and disseminating healthcare information at lower literacy levels and is needed for nurses to provide care for ethnic minorities and diverse populations.Implications for nursing.  Health literacy should be assessed and care should be based on a client’s level of understanding and cultural values and norms.Conclusion.  Nurses can care for ethnic minorities by using resources that target health literacy deficits and by increasing their own cultural competence.
Termite activity, not grazing, is the main determinant of spatial variation in savanna herbaceous vegetation
Authors: Okullo Paul , Moe Stein R. 
Published: September 2011

Summary1. Termites and large herbivores represent important functional groups in savanna ecosystems. Termites affect vegetation far beyond their mounds. In addition, large herbivores feed selectively on termite mound vegetation or in the vicinity of mounds. Previous studies of savanna vegetation communities have focused on termites and large herbivores separately, although interaction effects may be predicted.2. We studied the effects of large herbivores and large vegetated Macrotermes mounds on the herbaceous vegetation in Lake Mburo National Park in Uganda. We recorded herbaceous vegetation change over 3 years on savanna areas (with and without large herbivores) and on corresponding termite mounds (with and without large herbivores) in a randomized block design.3. Termite mounds and savannas had significantly different plant communities, but large herbivore grazing exclusions did not result in significant shifts in plant communities during this study period. A canonical correspondence analysis separated species mainly along an axis from termitaria to savanna. Only a few species responded to grazing exclusion. Some erect species, such as Hyparrhenia filipendula and Themeda triandra, increased in cover, and creeping species, such as Cynodon dactylon, decreased, following the exclusion of grazers. Forbs dominated mound areas, while graminoids dominated the savanna areas. Fencing increased the cover of graminoids over time and led to gradual increase in the relative cover of graminoids compared with forbs.4. Mound soil was higher in pH, calcium and magnesium and lower in sodium compared with adjacent savanna areas. Nitrogen and carbon soil content did not differ between the two habitats. Soil phosphorus increased following grazing exclusion.5. Synthesis. This study shows that termites may exert a far more important effect on the herbaceous community than large herbivores in savanna areas, even if the biomass of large herbivores is relatively high. Thus, future studies on savanna vegetation ecology should focus increasingly on important insect groups in addition to the more conspicuous large mammal guild.
The Lys20 homocitrate synthase isoform exerts most of the flux control over the lysine synthesis pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Quezada Héctor , Marín‐Hernández Alvaro , Aguilar Diana , López Geovani , Gallardo‐Pérez Juan Carlos , Jasso‐Chávez Ricardo , González Alicia , Saavedra Emma , Moreno‐Sánchez Rafael 
Published: September 2011

SummaryIn Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the first committed step in the lysine (Lys) biosynthetic pathway is catalysed by the Lys20 and Lys21 homocitrate synthase (HCS) isoforms. Overexpression of Lys20 resulted in eightfold increased Lys, as well as 2‐oxoglutarate pools, which were not attained by overexpressing Lys21 or other pathway enzymes (Lys1, Lys9 or Lys12). A metabolic control analysis‐based strategy, by gradually and individually manipulating the Lys20 and Lys21 activities demonstrated that the cooperative and strongly feedback‐inhibited Lys21 isoform exerted low control of the pathway flux whereas most of the control resided on the non‐cooperative and weakly feedback‐inhibited Lys20 isoform. Therefore, the higher control of Lys20 over the Lys flux represents an exception to the dogma of higher pathway control by the strongest feedback‐inhibited enzyme and points out to multi‐site engineering (HCS isoforms and supply of precursors) to increase Lys synthesis.
Day/night regulation of aquaporins during the CAM cycle in Mesembryanthemum crystallinum
Authors: VERA‐ESTRELLA ROSARIO , BARKLA BRONWYN J. , AMEZCUA‐ROMERO JULIO C. , PANTOJA OMAR 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTMesembryanthemum crystallinum exhibits induction of Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) after a threshold stage of development, by exposure to long days with high light intensities or by water and salt stress. During the CAM cycle, fluctuations in carbon partitioning within the cell lead to transient drops in osmotic potential, which are likely stabilized/balanced by passive movement of water via aquaporins (AQPs). Protoplast swelling assays were used to detect changes in water permeability during the day/night cycle of CAM. To assess the role of AQPs during the same period, we followed transcript accumulation and protein abundance of four plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs) and one tonoplast intrinsic protein (TIP). CAM plants showed a persistent rhythm of specific AQP protein abundance changes throughout the day/night cycle, including changes in amount of McPIP2;1, McTIP1;2, McPIP1;4 and McPIP1;5, while the abundance of McPIP1;2 was unchanged. These protein changes did not appear to be coordinated with transcript levels for any of the AQPs analysed; however, they did occur in parrallel to alterations in water permeability, as well as variations in cell osmolarity, pinitol, glucose, fructose and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPc) levels measured throughout the day/night CAM cycle. Results suggest a role for AQPs in maintaining water balance during CAM and highlight the complexity of protein expression during the CAM cycle.