bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coping with External and Internal Disintegration Forces: Qāḍī ʿIyāḍ and the Stabilization of Mālikīsm in the Maghrib
Authors: Serrano-Ruano Delfina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article approaches Qāḍī ʿIyāḍ b. Mūsā’s contribution to the stabilization of Mālikīsm in the Islamic West through his characterization of three important Andalusī figures of the school: Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, Abū l-Walīd al-Bāǧī and Abū Bakr al-Ṭurṭūšī. ʿIyāḍ’s biographies of these scholars in two of his works, Tartīb al-madārik and al-Ġunya, are compared with those of Ibn Farḥūn (d. 799/1397) in his al-Dībāǧ al-mudhab. These biographical dictionaries, Tartīb and Dibāǧ, are the two main sources for the pre-modern history of Mālikīsm. The results of this comparison go beyond an analysis of Iyāḍ’s contribution to the stabilization of the Mālikī school in the Maghrib. The strong dependence of the Dībāǧ on the Tartīb reveals Ibn Farḥūn’s vision of his great Maghribī predecessor which in turn forms an interesting intra-history of Mālikīsm worth preserving. Using Ibn Farḥūn’s Dībāǧ as a point of comparison also helps us to observe how the circumstances projected by the Tartīb evolved over time and space thus contributing to a better understanding of the process of doctrinal stabilization and social normalization of the Mālikī madhab West but also East. After introducing ʿIyāḍ’s facet as a historian and a biographer in Section 1, I present his biographies of the three selected scholars. In Section 3, I discuss the main differences in the way ʿIyāḍ and Ibn Farḥūn approached each of their contributions to Mālikīsm to wrap up the significance of these differences in the conclusions.
Judicial Practice as Islamic Law: The ʿAmal of Fez in Post-Classical Mālikī Legal Tradition
Authors: Schriber Ari 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

ʿAmal (judicial practice) is a critical feature of post-classical Mālikī law in the Maghrib. The scholars who have examined ʿamal contend that it presents a paradigm of Mālikī law’s flexibility and judicial responsiveness to custom (ʿurf). However, ʿamal also constitute a significant part of the regional Islamic juristic literature produced from approximately the 17th to nineteenth centuries. In this article, I examine how ʿamal of Fez became not only widely practiced but part of the mainstream Mālikī jurisprudential discourse in Morocco. I argue that understanding Islamic law’s mechanisms for discursive stability is critical for its well-established capacity to change through principles like ʿamal. I do so by analyzing three practices that contravened the prevailing Mālikī rule yet were widely practiced as ʿamal of Fez: female witnesses for spousal defects, the ṣafqa unilateral shared property sale, and the lafīfiyya twelve-person testimony (plus a fourth “counter-example,” the abandonment of the mutual spousal cursing oath (liʿān), that reinforces the argument). I pay special attention to jurists’ discursive techniques for entrenching ʿamal in Mālikī history and precedence in classical substantive Mālikī rules. In the end, I call to acknowledge ʿamal’s inextricable status as Islamic law in Morocco and beyond.
La validité de la prière communautaire en milieu oasien : élaboration d’une jurisprudence saharienne (ixe/xve s.)
Authors: Voguet Élise 
Published: June 2024

Résumé
En ce qui concerne la prière du vendredi ṣalāt al-ǧumu‘a, le maḏhab mālikite recommande un certain nombre de règles qui ne sont pas toujours applicables dans l’environnement saharien. La question abordée dans cet article est celle de l’élaboration d’une jurisprudence qui accorde les conditions de validité de la prière communautaire préconisées par le madhhab aux spécificités de la vie au désert. Elle est examinée à travers le recueil d’un juriste du Tafilalt du XVe siècle, Ibn Hilāl al-Siǧilmāsī (m. 903/1498). L’étude des compilations touaties des XVIIIe-XIXe siècles permet ensuite de mettre en évidence la stabilisation d’une jurisprudence soucieuse à la fois de la doctrine et de la vitalité des pratiques religieuses.
Can we identify patients carrying targeted deleterious DPYD variants with plasma uracil and dihydrouracil? A GPCO-RNPGx retrospective analysis
Authors: Launay Manon , Raymond Laure , Guitton Jérôme , Loriot Marie-Anne , Chatelut Etienne , Haufroid Vincent , Thomas Fabienne , Etienne-Grimaldi Marie-Christine 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency is the main cause of severe fluoropyrimidine-related toxicities. The best strategy for identifying DPD-deficient patients is still not defined. The EMA recommends targeted DPYD genotyping or uracilemia (U) testing. We analyzed the concordance between both approaches.

Methods
This study included 19,376 consecutive French patients with pre-treatment plasma U, UH2 and targeted DPYD genotyping (*2A, *13, D949V, *7) analyzed at Eurofins Biomnis (2015–2022).

Results
Mean U was 9.9 ± 10.1 ng/mL (median 8.7, range 1.6–856). According to French recommendations, 7.3 % of patients were partially deficient (U 16–150 ng/mL) and 0.02 % completely deficient (U≥150 ng/mL). DPYD variant frequencies were *2A: 0.83 %, *13: 0.17 %, D949V: 1.16 %, *7: 0.05 % (2 homozygous patients with U at 22 and 856 ng/mL). Variant carriers exhibited higher U (median 13.8 vs. 8.6 ng/mL), and lower UH2/U (median 7.2 vs. 11.8) and UH2/U2 (median 0.54 vs. 1.37) relative to wild-type patients (p<0.00001). Sixty-six% of variant carriers exhibited uracilemia <16 ng/mL, challenging correct identification of DPD deficiency based on U. The sensitivity (% patients with a deficient phenotype among variant carriers) of U threshold at 16 ng/mL was 34 %. The best discriminant marker for identifying variant carriers was UH2/U2. UH2/U2<0.942 (29.7 % of patients) showed enhanced sensitivity (81 %) in identifying deleterious genotypes across different variants compared to 16 ng/mL U.

Conclusions
These results reaffirm the poor concordance between DPD phenotyping and genotyping, suggesting that both approaches may be complementary and that targeted DPYD genotyping is not sufficiently reliable to identify all patients with complete deficiency.
The role of functional vitamin D deficiency and low vitamin D reservoirs in relation to cardiovascular health and mortality
Authors: Herrmann Markus , Keppel Martin H. , Zelzer Sieglinde , Alonso Nerea , Cavalier Etienne , Kleber Marcus , Enko Dietmar , Scharnagl Hubert , Pilz Stefan , März Winfried 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The role of vitamin D deficiency in cardiovascular disease (CVD) is controversial. Inherent biological and analytical limitations compromise the specificity of widely used 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] cut-offs. Simultaneous determination of 25(OH)D and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [24,25(OH)2D] permits a functional assessment of vitamin D metabolism. The present study compared the associations of functional vitamin D deficiency and low vitamin D reservoirs with CVD mortality and CVD burden.

Methods
25(OH)D, 24,25(OH)2D, the degree of coronary obstruction on angiography, high-sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT), N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and 10-year CVD mortality were obtained from 2,456 participants of the LURIC (Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health) study.

Results
Neither low 25(OH)D concentrations nor functional vitamin D deficiency were associated with the number of atherosclerotic coronary arteries or the degree of coronary obstruction. Over a median follow-up of 9.9 years, 454 participants died (23.6 %) due to CVD. CVD mortality was doubled in individuals with 25(OH)D concentrations below the widely used cut-off for deficiency of <50 nmol/L [20 ng/mL] (21.6 vs. 11.5 %). In individuals with and without functional vitamin D deficiency, CVD mortality was 25.0 and 16.7 %, respectively. NT-proBNP and heart failure prevalence were also higher in vitamin D deficient individuals.

Conclusions
Vitamin D deficient individuals have markedly higher CVD mortality, but only marginally higher hs-cTnT concentrations. A higher prevalence of heart failure and higher NT-proBNP concentrations suggest a link between vitamin D deficiency and cardiac function. The traditional and metabolic assessment of vitamin D status showed comparable associations for the different parameters of cardiac health.
Concept of “chemical notch” to study stress-corrosion
Authors: Kujawski Daniel , Vasudevan Asuri K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this article, a new partially immersed slow strain rate (SSR) and corrosion-fatigue (CF) test methods are described and discussed. Partial immersion of a specimen in 3.5 % NaCl solution creates an interface between the solution and air. We call this a “chemical notch” stress concentration factor. The outcome of this demonstrates that the SSR test condition on a smooth specimen will fail at the interface if the machined notch stress concentration factor is less than the “chemical notch” stress concentration factor. This “chemical notch” concept can be applied to correlate corrosion-fatigue S–N data for a specific material/environment system.
Gunmen, Bandits and Ransom Demanders: A Corpus-Assisted Critical Discourse Study of the Construction of Abduction in the Nigerian Press
Authors: Osisanwo Ayo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Abduction has recently become a security threat bedevilling Nigeria. This corpus-assisted critical discourse study examines news reports published by selected English-medium Nigerian newspapers from 2020 to 2022 on abduction, to understand how abduction is constructed within the Nigerian socio-political context. Taking a corpus-based approach to critical discourse analysis, I identify a series of discourses through which abduction and related issues are represented using keywords as pointers. Data revealed that the news reports are characterised by five constructions on abduction in Nigeria: construction of abduction perpetrators; construction of the state; construction of abduction setting/context; construction of abduction act as a means to an end; and construction of abduction victims. Abductors tend to be negatively evaluated in all the papers, portrayed as gunmen, bandits, ransom demanders and terrorists. Findings further revealed that the newspapers deployed different discourse strategies, especially referential/nomination and predication to negatively evaluate abductors. The range of these focuses indicates that the newspapers converge to negatively portray abduction and the perpetrators of same, thus negatively accentuating the general perception of abductors and abduction.
A raciolinguistic analysis of the impact of the English Language Proficiency Act on students labeled long-term English learners in Colorado
Authors: Klassen Chelsey , Chaparro Sofía E. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Students who receive English Language Development (ELD) services for seven or more years are labeled as “Long Term English Learners” or LTELs. The Every Student Succeeds Act or ESSA requires that states track and report on this group of students, which has shown that the number of students labeled as LTEL is growing across the United States. This label implies that this grouping of students is taking longer to learn the English language than other students, an implication that is damaging and carries along a stigma, as previous research has shown. This qualitative interview study examined the experiences of students who were formerly labeled LTELs under the English Language Proficiency Act (ELPA) in Colorado. The major findings included widespread uncertainty for students regarding different aspects of the ELPA, students being stuck in English Language Development services, and students developing deficit perceptions of their fluency. The long-term objective is to inform policymakers to revise the ELPA policy to better support this unique population of students. Keywords: LTEL, English Language Proficiency Act, Language Policy, Multilingual Students, Raciolinguistic ideologies.
Digital media research from beyond the West: theoretical directions from Philippine-based journals
Authors: Cabañes Jason Vincent A. , Luna Mia Franchesca M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article contributes to the intensifying calls to globalize and decolonize the field of media and communication by broadening the possibilities for digital media research. To do so, it takes a deep dive into a set of 27 works on digital media from five Philippine-based journals, all of which were published during the COVID-19 years of 2020–2023. Collectively, they spotlight the entanglements of technologies with the distinct and diverse political, economic, and socio-cultural realities outside the West. Through a qualitative thematic analysis, our article identifies how the different works in our selected set are clustered along three key themes: on digital deliberations, digital intimacies, and digital promotion. There were a few of them that did not align with these themes, but nevertheless also indicated emerging vectors from which to see the entwinement of digital media with the dynamics of Philippine society. All these present expanded lines of theorizing research about digital media that connect with but, importantly, also go beyond the typical concerns of scholarship generated in the West.
The development of English language connected speech perception skills: an empirical study on Chinese EFL children
Authors: Bi Huichao , Zare Samad , Yan Rong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Connected speech processes (CSPs) occur randomly in everyday conversations of native speakers; however, such phonological variations can bring about challenges for non-native listeners. Looking at CSP literature, there seems to be very few studies that involved young foreign language learners. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the development of connected speech perception skills by focusing on 201 9- to 12-year-old Chinese EFL children. It also incorporated systematic error analysis to further probe into the specific perceptual difficulties. The results indicate that: (1) Despite a significantly ascending trend for the overall growth of perception skills, no significant differences were found between 11 and 12 year olds in elision and contraction, which suggests that the developmental trend varied depending on different CSP types; (2) Although random errors decreased with age, the number of lexicon and syntax errors gradually increased, and the distribution of perceptual errors shifted from the level of words and syllables to that of phonemes; (3) The primary types of errors resulting in the perception difficulties for elision and contraction were consonant errors, grammatical errors and morphology errors. Ergo, this study enhances the understanding of connected speech perception among EFL children and provides some implications for EFL/ESL listening instructions.
Empfehlungen für eine genossenschaftlich getragene Quartiersentwicklung
Authors: Reifschneider Annika , Müller Tobias 
Published: June 2024

Zusammenfassung
Schwindende Angebote der Daseinsvorsoge sowie anonymer werdende Gesellschaftsstrukturen lassen den Wunsch nach partizipativen Strukturen im unmittelbaren Lebensumfeld wachsen. Aufgrund besonderer Werte und spezieller Governancestruktur können genossenschaftliche Projekte Lösungen zu zukunftsfähigen Quartierskonzepten in der Stadt und auf dem Land beitragen. Die vorgestellte Studie verfolgte das Ziel einer multiperspektivischen Beschreibung der Erfahrungen im Zusammenhang mit dem vom Baden-Württembergischen Genossenschaftsverband in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Ministerium für Soziales, Gesundheit und Integration durchgeführten Projektes „Genossenschaftlich getragenen Quartiersentwicklung“. Darauf aufbauend wurden im Rahmen einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse Handlungsempfehlungen herausgearbeitet, differenziert nach Projektumsetzer*innen und Fördergebern. Diese können zukünftigen Projekten als praxisnahe Hilfestellung dienen.
Wie die Irminsul nach Tauberfranken kam
Authors: Suarsana Yan 
Published: June 2024

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag nimmt Impulse aus den allgemeinen Geschichtswissenschaften auf, in denen seit Längerem das Potential der postkolonialen Studien für die Lokal- und Mikrogeschichte diskutiert wird. Zu diesem Zweck analysiert er aus einer verflechtungsgeschichtlichen Perspektive die überregionalen und zum Teil globalen Verbindungen des Diskurses um die im württembergischen Standorf bei Creglingen/Tauberfranken gelegene Kapelle St. Ulrich. Ziel der Untersuchung ist es zum einen, die kontextuellen Wechselwirkungen transparent zu machen, die diese Dorfkirche als ‚globalen Ort‘ konstituieren. Zum anderen sollen – mit Hilfe der aus der verflechtungsgeschichtlichen Perspektive entlehnten Herangehensweise der Genealogie – die Essentialisierungen und diskursiven Schließungen aufgebrochen werden, die die Kapelle als einen in sich abgeschlossenen und authentischen Ort der fränkischen Heimat behaupten.
Religion als essentially contested concept
Authors: Schröder Stefan 
Published: June 2024

Zusammenfassung
Der vorliegende Beitrag schlägt sechs religionswissenschaftliche Metakonzepte als fachliche Bausteine einer Didaktik für schulische Religionskunde vor. Exemplarisch werden das Metakonzept „Religion als essentially contested concept“ und seine Implikationen für anzustrebende Lernwege im Religionskundeunterricht ausführlich erörtert. Die Metakonzepte bieten nicht nur eine Alternative zu essenzialistischen Kanonentwürfen wie dem Weltreligionenparadigma in der Diskussion um die Inhaltsdimension von Religionskundeunterricht; sie können und sollen auch als Beitrag zum Selbstverständigungsdiskurs der Religionswissenschaft als akademische Disziplin gelesen werden.
Análisis de la evolución del uso y preferencias de los usuarios de las Fintech colombianas y su efecto en el comercio informal en Villavicencio. Caso: Nequi, período 2018 – 2022
Authors: Sarmiento Suárez Gisela Patricia 
Published: June 2024

El surgimiento de las herramientas Fintech ha revolucionado el panorama financiero al brindar servicios ágiles, seguros y accesibles a través de plataformas digitales. A la vez, han contribuido a la inclusión financiera mediante el desarrollo de soluciones innovadoras que democratizan el acceso a los servicios financieros, particularmente en comunidades rurales o de bajos ingresos que históricamente se habían mantenido apartadas de estos beneficios. Las herramientas Fintech han superado esta barrera al ofrecer servicios financieros a través de plataformas digitales, eliminando la necesidad de una costosa infraestructura física y requiriendo únicamente un dispositivo móvil. Además, han eliminado otros obstáculos de la banca tradicional, como los costos transaccionales, la gran cantidad de documentación requerida y los altos montos de apertura y transaccionales, permitiendo una mayor participación en el sistema económico.
El avance de estas herramientas ha sido notorio, lo que motiva el objeto de estudio de la presente investigación, que busca analizar el comercio informal de Villavicencio, específicamente el de comidas rápidas, en el contexto de penetración y alto alcance que han logrado las herramientas Fintech y Nequi, en particular.
Sero-epidemiology of bluetongue in ruminants raised on private holdings in North-Western Pakistan
Authors: Ishaq Muhammad , Shah Syed Asad Ali , Ullah Midrar , Ali Sakhawat , Jamal Syed Muhammad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the sero-epidemiology of bluetongue in ruminants in North-Western Pakistan. A total of 3,173 serum samples were collected from small (n = 1,651) and large (n = 1,522) ruminants being reared by farmers in 14 districts. Antibodies to bluetongue virus (BTV) were detected using competitive ELISA. The overall prevalence of BTV antibodies was 65%. A significant association (P < 0.05) between the prevalence of BTV antibodies and the risk factors including sex, species, age, area, husbandry practices and breed was shown by univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, the seroprevalence was 6.5 (95% CL = 3.7–11.4), 5.9 (95% CL = 3.8–9.4) and 2.4 (95% CL = 1.5–3.7) times higher in buffaloes, cattle and goats than sheep, respectively. The seroprevalence was 1.4 (95% CL = 1.1–1.7) times higher in local breeds than in cross/exotic breeds. The seroprevalence was 1.6 (95% CL = 1.1 to 2.3) times higher in sedentary animals than in nomadic animals. The seroprevalence was significantly associated with age. Further work is required to determine the BTV serotypes prevalent in the study area for effective control of the disease.
Amar e mudar as coisas no arco-íris de Euá: sagrado não binário, epistemologia do a(fé)to e teologia queer de orixá como alternativas à transfobia religiosa
Authors: Du Flor Maranhão  
Published: June 2024

Comento aqui, de modo ensaístico, sobre Euá (Ewá), a orixá do arco-íris, a qual podemos compreender como a orixá do amar e mudar as coisas, graças a algumas das qualidades dela como a sensibilidade; a delicadeza; a clarividência; a intuição; o sexto sentido; a criatividade; a imaginação; e a inteligência. A partir das qualidades de Euá e de características que, tradicionalmente, são atribuídas a ela e a quem a segue, gostaria de instigar novas reflexões e diálogos acerca de papéis e interpretações de gênero desempenhados em ambientes religiosos/espiritualistas/esotéricos; ventilando algumas provocações por meio de conceitos como teologia queer de orixás, sagrado não binário e epistemologia do a(fé)to, aqui pensados como alternativas à transfobia religiosa/espiritualista/esotérica, mas que podem ser aplicados por quem lê este texto em uma miríade de possibilidades.
„Humanitárius szédelgés” és „turkophil tüntetések”
Authors: Bordás Bertalan 
Published: June 2024

Az 1877–1878-as orosz–török háborút és a nagy keleti válságot kitüntetett figyelemmel kísérte a korabeli európai sajtó – köztük az Osztrák–Magyar Monarchia és az Egyesült Királyság legjelentősebb politikai lapjai. Dolgozatomban a brit politikai sajtó narratívájának magyar politikai életre gyakorolt hatását mutatom be. A balkáni háború és a szláv egység lehetősége, illetve a balkáni orosz intervenció híre ugyanis tömegeket mozgósított mindkét országban. Az Egyesült Királyságban két nagyobb táborra oszlott a sajtó: békepárti és háborúpárti lapokról beszélhetünk, és az utóbbiak jelentős befolyást gyakoroltak a Monarchia közvéleményére. 1876 és 1877 során különböző társaságok és bizottságok alakultak a pesti utcákon tüntető törökbarát hallgatókból. A brit elit sajtóbefolyásától kiindulva a hazai politikai napirenddel, az 1876-os magyarországi diáktüntetésekkel, valamint azok bel- és külpolitikában betöltött szerepével foglalkozom. A dolgozatban továbbá a két ország nagyvárosaiban tartott oroszellenes tüntetéseket kiváltó sajtóközlemények közötti kapcsolatot vizsgálom. Végül a brit kiadványok magyar sajtóra, a Monarchia bel- és külpolitikájára kifejtett hatását tekintem át.