bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Up-regulated macrophage migration inhibitory factor protects apoptosis of dermal fibroblasts in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Kim J-Y , Kwok S-K , Hur K-H , Kim H-J , Kim N S , Yoo S-A , Kim W-U , Cho C-S 
Published: July 2010

Summary
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a proinflammatory cytokine that has been demonstrated to regulate the apoptosis of several cell types. Dysregulated apoptosis of fibroblasts has been implicated in a variety of fibrotic diseases, including systemic sclerosis (SSc). In this study, we investigated the role of MIF in the apoptosis of dermal fibroblasts. The concentrations of MIF were measured in sera and in culture supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and dermal fibroblasts by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The degree of apoptosis was determined by colorimetric assay, and signalling pathways were examined by Western blot. The results showed that serum levels of MIF were significantly higher in patients with SSc (n = 47) than in healthy controls (n = 56). Stimulation of PBMCs by anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 increased the production of MIF by fourfold over the constitutive levels. SSc dermal fibroblasts produced higher amounts of MIF than normal dermal fibroblasts. When treated with sodium nitroprusside (SNP), SSc dermal fibroblasts showed a lower degree of apoptosis compared with normal dermal fibroblasts. Exogenous MIF (1–100 ng/ml) inhibited SNP-induced apoptosis of dermal fibroblasts dose-dependently. Both extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor (PD98059) and protein kinase B (Akt) inhibitor (LY294002) almost completely blocked the inhibitory effect of MIF on apoptosis. Furthermore, MIF increased the expression of Bcl-2, phospho-ERK and phospho-Akt activity in dermal fibroblasts. Taken together, our data suggest that MIF released by activated T cells and dermal fibroblasts decreases the apoptosis of dermal fibroblasts through activation of ERK, Akt and Bcl-2 signalling pathways, which might be associated with excessive fibrosis in SSc.
Autopsy approach to stroke
Authors: Love Seth 
Published: July 2010

Love S (2011) Histopathology58, 333ndash;351 Autopsy approach to strokeStroke is a major cause of morbidity and mortality but the brain and other relevant tissues are often examined only cursorily when stroke patients come to autopsy. The pathological findings and clinical implications vary according to the type of stroke and its location and cause. Large ischaemic strokes are usually associated with atherosclerosis of extracranial or major intracranial arteries but can be caused by dissection. Most small cerebral infarcts are caused by arteriosclerosis or, in the elderly, cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). However, vasculitides and coagulopathies can cause a range of different patterns of ischaemic (and, occasionally, haemorrhagic) stroke. Global brain ischaemia, caused by severe hypotension or raised intracranial pressure, produces damage that is accentuated in certain regions and neuronal populations and may be confused with hypoglycaemic injury. The main cause of subarachnoid haemorrhage is a ruptured berry aneurysm but CAA, arteriovenous malformations and infective aneurysms are occasionally responsible. These can also cause parenchymal brain haemorrhage, although this most often complicates hypertensive small vessel disease. Sometimes the haemorrhage arises from a neoplasm. Performing an adequate autopsy in stroke requires proper preparation, awareness of the likely pathological processes, familiarity with intracranial vascular anatomy, careful gross examination and dissection, and appropriate use of histology.
PhoB regulates both environmental and virulence gene expression in Vibrio cholerae
Authors: Pratt Jason T. , Ismail Ayman M. , Camilli Andrew 
Published: July 2010

Summary Vibrio cholerae is a facultative pathogen that thrives in two nutritionally disparate environments, aquatic and human small intestine. Phosphate (Pi) is an essential nutrient that is limited in aquatic ecosystems and of unknown availability in the small intestine. Here, we show that the Pi (Pho) regulon, which is controlled by the Pi‐specific transporter (Pst) and two‐component system PhoBR, is required for V. cholerae survival in both environments, though for differing reasons. While induction of Pi acquisition systems including Pst is critical for survival in the aquatic environment, regulation of virulence genes by PhoB and not Pi transport per se is required for colonization of the small intestine. We show that PhoB regulates virulence genes by directly controlling expression of a key upstream transcriptional regulator, tcpPH. Thus, the Pho regulon includes virulence genes and represents a diverse gene set essential to pathogenic V. cholerae throughout its life cycle.
Solasodine glycoalkaloids: a novel topical therapy for basal cell carcinoma. A double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled, parallel group, multicenter study
Authors: Punjabi Sangeeta , Cook L. J. , Kersey P. , Marks R. , Cerio R. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractObjective  To assess the safety and efficacy of a 0.005% mixture of solasodine glycosides (Zycure) in the treatment of basal cell carcinoma.Design  Double‐blind, randomized, and vehicle‐controlled, parallel group study.Setting  Ten centers in the United Kingdom.Participants  Male, n = 50; female, n = 44; age range, 32–95 years (Table 1).

Demographics

Characteristic
Treatment group

Zycure n = 62
Vehicle n = 32

Age (in years): mean
68.9
70.0

Sex: male
33
17

Sex: female
29
15

Race: Caucasian
62
32

Intervention  Ninety‐four patients were randomized on a 2 : 1 ratio (n = 62, Zycure; n = 32, vehicle). Histologically confirmed lesions were treated double blinded, twice daily under occlusion with Zycure or vehicle for 8 weeks. Patients were reviewed fortnightly for adverse effects and overall response. Successfully treated patients were followed up at six‐month intervals for a year.Main outcome measures  The primary efficacy endpoint was histologically confirmed clearance of the basal cell carcinoma (2‐mm punch biopsy) at the end of 8‐week treatment.Results  Efficacy (intention‐to‐treat population) at 8 weeks was 66% (41/62) in the Zycure group, compared to 25% (8/32) in the vehicle group (P < 0.001; Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel test). Ninety percent (37/41) of the Zycure group completed follow‐up at six‐month intervals for 1 year, of whom 78% (29/37) had no recurrence. There were no major treatment‐related adverse effects, although 10 patients in Zycure group did not complete the treatment protocol for various reasons.Conclusion  We conclude that the solasodine glycoside cream Zycure is a safe therapy for basal cell carcinoma, with a cure rate of 66% at 8 weeks and 78% at 1 year follow‐up.
LD Antigens Associated withHL‐A8and Myasthenia Gravid1
Authors: KAAKINEN AULIKKI , PIRSKANEN RITVA , TIILIKAINEN ANJA 
Published: July 2010

The finding that the SD antigen HL‐A8 is associated with myasthenia gravis has raised the question as to whether or not there is also an association between some specific LD antigen and myasthenia gravis andor HL‐A8.MLC technique was used to study LD antigens in 33 myasthenic patients. The cells of a myasthenic patient who was homozygous for both HL‐A and LD products were used in MLC tests as stimulators with HL‐A8 bearing cells from 24 myasthenics, their 17 relatives and 16 controls and to non‐HL‐A8 cells from nine myasthenics and 16 controls.At least three different LD genes were found to be associated with HL‐A8. One of them, called LDm, was present in 17 (63 %) of the 27 HL‐A8‐bearing haplotypes of myasthenics, and in nine (47 %) of the 19 HL‐A8‐bearing haplotypes of controls. In our study LDm, was not found in the 84 haplotypes devoid of HL‐A8.LDm, is strongly associated with HL‐A8 and through this also with myasthenia. Calculated from phenotype frequencies for HL‐A8 and its association to LDm, the LDm, frequencies are 9 % in the control population, 30 % in myasthenics and 48% in young females with onset of myasthenia below35years.LDmhad no independent correlation with any of the clinical parameters of myasthenia gravis, even though is was found more often in HL‐A8+ females with the onset of my‐asthenia before 35 years than in the whole myasthenic group. LDmappears to be similar to LD8a antigen.
Differential expression of HLA‐DR and HLA‐DQ antigens on normal cells of the myelomonocytic lineage
Authors: Alonso M. C. , Navarrete C. , Solana R. , Torres A. , Pena J. , Festenstein H. 
Published: July 2010

We have previously shown that HLA‐class II antigens have a differential expression on acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) blasts. These cells express HLA‐DR molecules but the HLA‐DQ antigens are undetectable.In this paper we study the expression of HLA‐DR and HLA‐DQ antigens, using monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs), on normal cells of the myelomonocytic lineage: the common myelomonocytic progenitor (CFU‐GM) and the monocytes, by techniques of inhibition of CFU‐GM growth and double immunofluorescence, respectively.The results show that HLA‐DR and HLA‐DQ antigens are differentially expressed on normal myelomonocytic cells. While HLA‐DR molecules are expressed on CFU‐GM and on the majority of peripheral blood monocytes, HLA‐DQ antigens are not expressed on CFU‐GM and only present on a subpopulation of monocytes. This data further confirms that HLA‐DR and HLA‐DQ molecules are coded by different genes with independent regulation of the gene expression not only on myeloid leukaemias but also on normal cells of the myelomonocytic lineage.
Untersuchungen über die Struktur von Parasitenkomplexen bei einigen Lepidopteren1
Authors: Zwölfer H. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryThe publication discusses the interrelationships between the life‐cycles of host and parasites and the interaction of the parasites in the complexes of Choristoneura murinana (Fig. 1), Coleophora deauratella (Fig. 2), Paraswammerdamia caesiella and lutarea (Fig. 3) and Hydroecia petasitis and H. micacea (Fig. 4). Each of the host species investigated is attacked by one or two (scarcely three) biologically specialized and well synchronized parasite species. These are exposed to heavy competition by other components in the rich complexes of Ch. murinana and C. deauratella, but they operate without much interaction in the relatively simple complexes of Paraswammerdamia spp. and Hydroecia spp. The rich and complicated complexes attacking Ch. murinana and C. deauratella cannot prevent their hosts from building up high population levels. However, the relatively simple complexes associated with Paraswammerdamia spp. and Hydroecia spp. may reach a high efficiency against their host species.
Zur Biologie von Dacnusa gracilis Nees (Hym., Braconidae), einem Parasiten der Echten Möhrenfliege, Psila rosae Fabr.1
Authors: Naton E. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryIn this paper a rearing method for Dacnusa gracilis Nees is described. The imagines are cultured in screen covered cages supplied with honey and sugar for feeding and wet cotton wool for drinking. The eggs are laid only into dry Psila rosae eggs. After emerging the young Psila larvae are bred in the usual manner and they develop in the same time as the unparasitized larvae do. Through the puparium it is visible whether there is a Dacnusa or a Psila pupa in it, as soon as the eyes become coloured. Furthermore the form of the yellow body in the empty puparium is a sign for parasitism. The possibility of biological control against Psila rosae by Dacnusa gracilis is discussed.
über die Möglichkeiten einer mikrobiologischen Bekämpfung von Wachsmotten
Authors: Krieg A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractPossibilities of microbiological control of the great wax moth. At present, for control of larvae of the greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella) and with lower chances, of the lesser wax moth (Achroia grisella) in bee combs only preparations based on Bacillus thuringiensis are recommended because they are harmless for honey bees (Apis mellifera) as well as for men. Usage of viruses for the same purpose may be possible too, but their application needs additional studies.ZusammenfassungZur Zeit können nur Formulierungen von Bacillus thuringiensis zur Bekämpfung von Wachsmotten‐Larven (Galleria mellonella und in geringem Maße auch Achroia grisella) empfohlen werden, da sie sowohl für die Honigbiene (Apis mellifera) als auch für den Menschen harmlos sind. Die Verwendung von Viren für den gleichen Zweck dürfte möglich sein; doch sind für eine sichere Anwendung noch zusätzliche Untersuchungen notwendig.
Life span of adult rice moth Corcyra cephalonica (Staint) emerged from different irradiated stages
Authors: Abou R. M. , El‐Sawaf B. M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe rice moth Corcyra cephalonica was reared at 30°C and 65–70% R.H. on wheat flour. Eggs, larvae, pupae and 24 hours old moths were exposed to gamma rays from Cobalt 60 at dose levels of 2000, 4000, 6000 and 8000 r. The results revealed that the life span of moths after irradiating larvae, pupae and adults slightly decreased with the increase of the dose levels. In the case of irradiated eggs, the life span of emerged adults sharply decreased with the increase of dose levels.
Über die Parasiten der Kleinen Fichtenblattwespe, Pristiphora abietina Christ. (Hymen., Tenthredinidae), in der Steiermark1
Authors: Nigitz H.‐P. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractHymenoptera parasitizing Pristiphora abiteina Christ. (Hymen., Tenthredididae) in Steiermark/Austria. The populations density of the Little Spruce Sawfly, Pristiphora abietina, increased constantly during last 20 years in Steiermark. Studies were made on the parasites of the sawfly in 1969–72. 18 species of Hymenoptera were reared, 9 of them attacking larvae (8 Ichneumon., 1 Bracon.) and 9 species attacking cocoons (7 Ichneumon., 1 Chalc., 1 Clept.). A classification of values of abundance and constancy of these species is given. Ctenochira flavicauda Roman and Ichneutes sp. cf. reunitor Nees. proved to be the most important parasites. The host‐preference and the different forms of parasitism are discussed. The distribution and abundance of the more important species of parasites in Europe are described. Finally the bionomic dates of all the 18 species are given.ZusammenfassungSeit etwa 1955 nimmt die Populationsdichte der Kleinen Fichtenblattwespe, Pristiphora abietina Christ. in der Steiermark laufend zu. 1969 bis 1972 wurden die aus diesem Gebiet noch nicht bekannten Parasiten dieser Blattwespe näher untersucht. Es wurden 18 Arten Hymenopteren gezogen: 9 Larvenparasiten (8 Ichneumonidae, 1 Braconidae) und 9 Kokonparasiten (7 Ichneumonidae, 1 Pteromalidae, 1 Cleptidae). Die Abundanz‐ und Konstanz‐Werte dieser Parasitenarten werden zusammengestellt. Hauptparasiten waren Ctenochira flavicauda Roman und die Braconide Ichneutes sp. cf. reunitor Nees. Die Wirtsspezifität, die verschiedenen Formen des Parasitismus sowie die Verbreitung und Häufigkeit der Arten in den europäischen Großräumen werden erörtert. Anschließend wird die spezielle Biologie der 18 gezogenen Arten behandelt.
Effects of some juvenile hormone analogues on Spodoptera littoralis Boisd. (Noctuidae, Lepidoptera)
Authors: Gawaad A. A. A. , Abdel‐Karim E. S. , El‐Lakwah F. A. , El‐Berry A. R. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractFour insect growth regulators: ZR‐777 (Prop2‐ynyl,3,7,11‐trimethyl‐[2E,4E]‐dodecadie‐noate), ZR‐512 (Ethyl 3,7,11‐trimethyl‐[2E,4E]‐2,4‐dodecadienoate), ZR‐520 (Ethyl 11‐methoxy‐3,7,11‐trimethyl‐[2E,4E]‐2,4‐dodecadienoate) and ZR‐619 (Ethyl 11‐methoxy‐3,7,11‐trimethyl‐[2E,4E]‐2,4‐dodecadienethiolate) were tested on the eggs and larvae of the cotton leaf worm Spodoptera littoralis Boisd.ZR‐777 and ZR‐520 had ovicidal effect. They prevented egg hatch, while, ZR‐619 and ZR‐512 had no effect on hatchability. ZR‐512 delayed hatching without no effect on hatch‐ability. ZR‐619 and ZR‐520 suppressed moths formation by 100%, while the other materials varied in their effects and suppressed moth's formation by only 84–92 %.All tested materials increases the mean weight of larvae. The percentage of moths emerged from treated larvae were 10,2,0,0 and 82 % for ZR‐777, ZR‐512, ZR‐520, ZR‐619 and control respectively.ZusammenfassungWirkungen einiger Juvenilhormon‐Analogen auf Spodoptera littoralis Boisd.Vier als Wachstumsregulatoren wirkende Verbindungen (ZR‐777, ZR‐512, ZR‐520, ZR‐619) wurden hinsichtlich ihrer Wirkungen auf die Eier und Raupen von S. littoralis untersucht.ZR‐777 und ZR‐520 erwiesen sich als ovizid. Sie verhinderten das Schlüpfen der Eier, während ZR‐619 und ZR‐512 keine derartigen Effekte zeigten. ZR‐512 verzögerte das Schlüpfen ohne die Schlüpfrate zu beeinflussen. Die Falterbildung wurde von ZR‐619 und ZR‐520 zu 100 %, von den anderen Substanzen zu 84–92 % unterdrückt.Alle getesteten Substanzen erhöhten das Raupengewicht. Der Prozentsatz geschlüpfter Falter aus behandelten Raupen betrug: 10, 2, 0, 0 und 82 für ZR‐777, ZR‐512, ZR‐520, ZR‐619 und Kontrolle.
Pollinators other than honey bees visiting certain vegetable plants in Egypt
Authors: El‐Berry A. A. , Moustafa M. A. , Abdel‐Gawaad A. A. , El‐Bialey S. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractInsects visiting flowering Vicia faba, Eruca sativa and Petroselinum crispum in Nahia fields in Egypt were recorded by netting at different day hours 9–10, 11–12 a. m., 1–2, 3–4 and 5–6 p. m.All visitors of V. faba were from family Apidae. Most important species were: Anthophora sp. (81.32%), Tetralonia lanuginosa (7.69%) and Chalicidoma siculum (6.59 per cent). Most of insect species were active at 11–12 a. m. and 1–2 p. m.Syrphus corollae (45.9%) was the dominant visitor of Eruca sativa and Andrena sp. (85.3%) was the most numerous species at Petroselinum crispum.ZusammenfassungBestäubende Insekten auβer der Honigbiene bei einigen Kulturpflanzen in ÄgyptenEs werden die bei Vicia faba, Eruca sativa und Petroselinum crispum im District Nahia aufgetretenen blütenbesuchenden Insekten (Netzfänge an 5 Tageszeiten: 9–10, 11–12, 13–14, 15–16 und 17–18 Uhr) zusammengestellt. Alle Besucher von V. faba gehörten der Familie Apidae an. Wichtigste Arten waren Anthophora sp. (81,3%), Tetralonia lanuginosa (7,7%) und Chalicidoma siculum (6,6%). Die meisten Besucher kamen zwischen 11 und 12 sowie 13 und 14 Uhr. Syrphus corollae (45,9%) war die Hauptart bei Eruca sativa, während Petroselinum crispum von Andrena sp. (85,3%) am meisten besucht wurde.
Anatomical effects of gamma irradiation on the male reproductive organs of the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata Wied.
Authors: Abdel‐Malek A. A. , Shoukry A. , Shehata N. F. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractPupae of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata Wied., 2–3 days before emergence were irradiated with doses of 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 6000 and 8000 r. At intervals of 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 days after emergence, 10 males were collected, dissected and testes were mounted. Measurements of the maximum length and width of the testes were carried out at those intervals.At the lower tested doses (1000 and 2000 r), irradiated males showed some morphological aberrations which were clearly noticed in the reduction of the size of the testes on 8th day. This reduction was clearly detected on 6th day in 3000 and 4000 r‐irradiated testes. Greater response of the testes to irradiation was clearly observed at 6000 and 8000 r, as indicated by a noticeable decrease in their size beginning from the 4th day and reaching its maximum reduction at 8000 r on the 8th day when the testes were about 2/3 the size of the corresponding controls.ZusammenfassungAnatomische Wirkungen von γ‐Bestrahlung auf die männlichen Reproduktionsorgane der Mittelmeerfruchtfliege Ceratitis capitata Wied.Puppen von C. cipitata wurden 2–3 Tage vor dem Schlüpfen mit γ‐Strahlen in Dosen von 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 6000 und 8000 rad bestrahlt und 1, 2, 4, 6 und 8 Tage später getötet und seziert. Insbesondere wurden die Testes auf ihre Länge und Breite hin untersucht. Bei geringerer Strahlendosis (1000 und 2000 rad) zeigten die Männchen 8 Tage nach der Bestrahlung eine Verringerung der Größe der Testes. Eine ähnliche Verkleinerung zeigte sich am 6. Tag, wenn mit 3000 und 4000 rad bestrahlt wurde. Stellenveränderungen der Testes traten nach Applikation von 6000 und 8000 rad auf. Sie erreichten ihr Maximum (Verkleinerung auf etwa 2/3 der Normalgröße) bei 8000 rad am 8. Tag nach Behandlung.
Associations of Nasutitermes exitiosus (Hill) (Termitidae) and woodrotting fungi in Eucalyptus regnans F. Muell. and Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden: choice‐feeding, laboratory study
Authors: Ruyooka D. B. A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractUnder choice‐feeding conditions, Nasutitermes exitiosus was fed on sterilised (with dead fungi) and unsterilised (with living fungi) blocks of Eucalyptus regnans and E. grandis infested with the basidiomycete fungi Gloeophyllum trabeum, Poria placenta, Fomes lividus and the ascomycete fungus Chaetomium globosum to investigate the influence of such fungi and their condition on the natural resistance of the timber.The results showed that a temperature of 105 °C markedly enhanced the consumption of wood by N. exitiosus, but 70 °C was of no consequence, even to G. trabeum‐infested wood; thus the treatment of blocks before they were exposed to the termites had an important effect on wood consumption. The decay fungi affected more strikingly the consumption of wood than the soft rot; white rot F. lividus was more beneficial when dead than alive. The addition of fungi to the system markedly reduced the termite resistance of timber.ZusammenfassungAssoziationen von Nasutitermes exitiosus (Hill) (Termitidae) und holzzerstörenden Pilzen bei Eucalyptus regnans F. Muell. und E. grandis W. Hill. ex Maiden: Laborstudien zur NahrungswahlUnter Nahrungswahlverhältnissen wurde Nasutitermes exitiosus mit sterilisiertem (mit toten Pilzen besetztem) und unsterilisiertem (mit lebenden Pilzen besetztem) Holz von Eucalyptus regnans und E. grandis gefüttert, das von den basidiomyceten Pilzen Gloeophyllum trabeum, Poria placenta und Fames lividus sowie dem ascomyceten Pilz Chaetomium globosum befallen war, um den Einfluß dieser Pilze auf die Kondition und Termitenresistenz dieser Hölzer zu untersuchen.Nach Trocknung des Holzes bei 105 °C war der Holzfraß durch N. exitiosus wesentlich geringer als bei frischem Holz, nicht jedoch nach Trocknung bei 70 °C. Die basidiomyceten Pilzarten (G. trabeum, P. placenta, F. lividus) förderten den Termitenfraß viel stärker als der ascomycete Pilz (C. globosum). Fomes lividus förderte in totem Zustand mehr als in lebendem. In der Gesamtheit verringerten die Pilze die Termitenfestigkeit des Holzes erheblich.