bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary Heat Network Temperature Control of Two-degree-of-freedom PID based on PSO Algorithm
Authors: He Lixin , Shi Boyang , Fan Yifei , Zhang Zheng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Central heating system is a nolinear system with the features of thermal inertia and hysteretic nature, etc. In order to solve the temperature control problem of heat network uniform heating, this paper designs a flow controller using two-degree-of-freedom PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) control algorithm, which can adjust the two parameters of external disturbance inhibition property and target tracking feature independently and respectively to the best simultaneously so that the effects of thermal inertia, hysteretic nature and external disturbance on the system are reduced. Pipeline heat media flow is controlled by two-degree-of-freedom PID through the control of valve opening to change the heating capacity. All PID control parameters of the controller were set through particle swarm optimization. Several groups of simulation experiments were conducted by the designed two-degree-of-freedom PID controller and the traditional PID controller. According to the experimental results, compared with traditional PID controllers, two-degree-of-freedom PID controller has better control effect with faster response, shorter adjustment time, better robustness and stronger inhibition of disturbance.
From Microscope to AI: Developing an Integrated Diagnostic System with Real-Time Object Detection for Endometrial Cytology
Authors: Terasaki Mika , Tanaka Shun , Shimokawa Ichito , Toda Etsuko , Takakuma Shoichiro , Tabata Ryo , Sakae Kensuke , Kajimoto Yusuke , Kunugi Shinobu , Shimizu Akira , Terasaki Yasuhiro 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies, with endometrial cytology playing a crucial role in early detection and diagnosis. The diagnosis is complicated and time-consuming due to hormone-induced morphological changes in cells and the thickness of cell clusters. Although most currently reported AI support systems for cytology are designed for use with digital images from whole-slide imaging (WSI), the digitalization of endometrial cytological slides is challenging due to focusing issues caused by the thickness of cell clusters. Despite the high demand for artificial intelligence (AI)-supported diagnostic systems, studies of endometrial cytodiagnostic support AI systems have been delayed. This study introduces a real-time abnormal cell cluster detection system utilizing You Only Look Once version 5x (YOLOv5x) under a microscope to bypass the use of WSI. We collected 146 preoperative endometrial cytology cases at Nippon Medical School between 2017 and 2023, confirmed by hysterectomy specimens. YOLOv5x was trained using 3,151 images captured with a simple smartphone setup from the cytology slides of 96 cases. For real-time object detection, images were captured using a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera attached to a microscope and fed directly into YOLOv5x. For real-time model evaluation, we adjusted the threshold settings for the cell-cluster and slide levels using 30 new cases. In the final assessment, the AI model's diagnostic performance was compared with that of human evaluators, including pathologists and medical students with varying levels of experience, across 20 new cases. The AI model surpassed human evaluators, achieving an accuracy of 85%, a precision of 82%, and a recall of 90%. Moreover, AI-assisted diagnosis substantially reduced the time taken by human evaluators by 37% and notably enhanced diagnostic metrics, particularly among pathologists and medical students accustomed to using the AI system. Overall, our findings demonstrate that real-time detection with an AI-supported system substantially enhances early cancer detection, integrates smoothly into existing workflows, and is invaluable in resource-constrained settings without the need for expensive specialized devices.
High Discrimination Ratio, Broadband Circularly Polarized Light Photodetector Using Dielectric Achiral Nanostructures
Authors: Lu Guowei , Zhang Guanyu , Lyu Xiaying , Qin Yulu , Li Yaolong , Fan Zipu , Meng Xianghan , Cheng Yuqing , Cao Zini , Xu Yixuan , Sun Dong , Gao Yunan , Gong Qihuang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The on-chip measurement of polarization states plays an increasingly crucial role in modern sensing and imaging applications. While high-performance monolithic linearly polarized photodetectors have been extensively studied, integrated circularly polarized light (CPL) photodetectors are still hindered by inadequate discrimination capability. In this study, we employ achiral all-dielectric nanostructures to develop a broadband CPL photodetector with an impressive discrimination ratio of ~107 at the wavelength of 405 nm, significantly surpassing its counterparts by two orders of magnitude. Our device shows outstanding CPL discrimination capability across the visible band without requiring intensity calibration. Its function mechanism is based on the CPL-dependent near-field modes within achiral structures: under left or right CPL illumination, distinct near-field modes are excited, resulting in asymmetric irradiation of the two electrodes and generating a photovoltage with directions determined by the chirality of the incident light field. The proposed design strategy facilitates the realization of ultra-compact CPL detection across diverse materials, structures, and spectral ranges, presenting a novel avenue for achieving high-performance monolithic CPL detection.
Receptor and metabolic insights on the ability of caffeine to prevent alcohol-induced stimulation of mesolimbic dopamine transmission
Authors: Maccioni Riccardo , Bassareo Valentina , Talani Giuseppe , Zuffa Simone , Abiead Yasin El , Lorrai Irene , Kawamura Tomoya , Pantis Sofia , Puliga Roberta , Vargiu Romina , Lecca Daniele , Enrico Paolo , Peana Alessandra , Dazzi Laura , Dorrestein Pieter C. , Sanna Pietro Paolo , Sanna Enrico , Acquas Elio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The consumption of alcohol and caffeine affects the lives of billions of individuals worldwide. Although recent evidence indicates that caffeine impairs the reinforcing properties of alcohol, a characterization of its effects on alcohol-stimulated mesolimbic dopamine (DA) function was lacking. Acting as the pro-drug of salsolinol, alcohol excites DA neurons in the posterior ventral tegmental area (pVTA) and increases DA release in the nucleus accumbens shell (AcbSh). Here we show that caffeine, via antagonistic activity on A2A adenosine receptors (A2AR), prevents alcohol-dependent activation of mesolimbic DA function as assessed, in-vivo, by brain microdialysis of AcbSh DA and, in-vitro, by electrophysiological recordings of pVTA DA neuronal firing. Accordingly, while the A1R antagonist DPCPX fails to prevent the effects of alcohol on DA function, both caffeine and the A2AR antagonist SCH 58261 prevent alcohol-dependent pVTA generation of salsolinol and increase in AcbSh DA in-vivo, as well as alcohol-dependent excitation of pVTA DA neurons in-vitro. However, caffeine also prevents direct salsolinol- and morphine-stimulated DA function, suggesting that it can exert these inhibitory effects also independently from affecting alcohol-induced salsolinol formation or bioavailability. Finally, untargeted metabolomics of the pVTA showcases that caffeine antagonizes alcohol-mediated effects on molecules (e.g. phosphatidylcholines, fatty amides, carnitines) involved in lipid signaling and energy metabolism, which could represent an additional salsolinol-independent mechanism of caffeine in impairing alcohol-mediated stimulation of mesolimbic DA transmission. In conclusion, the outcomes of this study strengthen the potential of caffeine, as well as of A2AR antagonists, for future development of preventive/therapeutic strategies for alcohol use disorder.
Spontaneous reversal of spin chirality and competing phases in the topological magnet EuAl4
Authors: Vibhakar Anuradha , Khalyavin Dmitry , Orlandi Fabio , Moya Jaime , Lei Shiming , Morosan Emilia , Bombardi Alessandro 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Materials exhibiting a spontaneous reversal of spin chirality have the potential to drive the widespread adoption of chiral magnets in spintronic devices. Unlike the majority of chiral magnets that require the application of an external field to reverse the spin chirality, we observed the spin chirality to spontaneously reverse in the topological magnet EuAl4. Using resonant magnetic x-ray scattering we demonstrate that all four magnetic phases in EuAl4 are single-k, where the first two magnetic phases are characterized by spin density wave order and the last two by helical spin order. We show a single spin chirality was stabilised across the 1mm2 sample, and that the reversal of spin chirality occurred whilst maintaining a helical magnetic structure. At the onset of the helical magnetic order, the crystal symmetry lowers to a chiral monoclinic space group, explaining the asymmetry in the chiral spin order, and establishing a mechanism by which the spin chirality could reverse via magnetostructural coupling.
Understanding the determinants of medical crowdfunding performance: A signaling theory perspective
Authors: Huang Xiaorui , Sun Wei , Zhang Ying , Zhang Qilin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Medical crowdfunding has emerged as a novel means of accessing financial resources, particularly in regions with disparities in healthcare access such as China. Despite the establishment of comprehensive medical security systems, many patients still face significant financial burdens. This study aims to identify the determinants of medical crowdfunding success for charitable causes, utilizing signaling theory. Analyzing data from the Sina Micro-charities platform on Sina Weibo, external and internal signals' impact on crowdfunding performance was assessed. Results indicate that both external signals (registration levels, awards) and internal factors (updates, pictures, title length) significantly influence crowdfunding success. This empirical study contributes to understanding medical crowdfunding performance and extends the application of signaling theory in this context, offering practical insights for fundraisers and platforms.
Loxoscelism (Loxosceles reclusa) Envenomation Causing Acute Hemolytic Anemia: Case Report
Authors: Laxton Steven , Whetstone David 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This case report has the main objective of providing education surrounding the presentation, evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of Loxosceles reclusa envenomation and presenting a case of loxoscelism that occurred in an adult that subsequently presented to the emergency department. A secondary objective of this case report is to add to the library of images bite wound associated with loxoscelism that resulted in inpatient admission and treatment for acute hemolytic anemia.
Early Noninvasive Tracking of Response to Targeted Therapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Husain Hatim , Lu Kevin , Woodward Brian , Singhrao Ruby , Javey Manana , Adams Hans-Peter , Schlecht Ulrich , Du Zhipei Gracie , Morgenstern David 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

There has been a longstanding need to develop improved methods for the rapid detection of response to anti-cancer therapies. Circulating tumor DNA based liquid biopsies allow for longitudinal monitoring of response to treatment. In this report, we analyzed plasma samples of 25 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and observed that molecular responders had changes in circulating tumor DNA on therapy. We evaluated pre-treatment and post-treatment specimens from patients using allele frequency (AF), as well as the number of mutant molecules per mL of plasma (MMPM) to understand relative changes in response to therapy. AF and MMPM clearance correlated with time to treatment failure and best overall radiographic response in our cohort. Furthermore, among patients with EGFR mutations, lack of clearance in EGFR mutant variants in plasma was associated with earlier treatment failure on the oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor osimertinib. These analyses provide a more comprehensive approach for evaluating therapeutic response to targeted therapies and have important implications for the management of cancer patients and disease monitoring.
Nambu-Goldstone mode in K3Na(SeO4)2 crystal
Authors: Kaczmarski M. , Jenczyk J. , Mróz B. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The Nambu-Goldstone optical mode has been observed in the ferroelastic crystals for the first time. The amplitudon and phason modes have been identified in the Raman spectra of K3Na(SeO4)2 (KNSe) crystal. We discuss the occurrence of such lattice vibration concerning to the possible presence of an incommensurate phase. The potential scenario of the dynamics of SO4 tetrahedron leading to the appearance of IC phase accompanied with critical temperature behavior of two external vibrations of Ag symmetry is given together with molecular mechanism of phase transitions in the material studied. The effect of spatial reorganization of the crystal lattice associated with the ferroelastic domains of the KNSe crystal of W and W' type is also discussed. We show that the emergence of such domain structure may also be a source of incommensurability. Finally, both amplitudon and phason have been classified as type A propagating and diffusion modes respectively.
In situ electrochemical method for measuring the freely dissolved methyl parathion based on the negligible depletion micro-extraction
Authors: Pang Long , Feng Zhigao , Hu Xingru , Hou Jiahui , Cui Guangtao , Liu Jingfu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Negligible depletion micro-extraction (nd-ME) plays an important role in measuring the freely dissolved concentration of pollutants but is suffered from a long equilibrium time. In this study, a novel method for in situ determination of freely dissolved methyl parathion (MP) by the electrochemical method was developed based on the nd-ME method. The parameters influencing the adsorption kinetic were investigated in the environmentally relevant ranges, including buffer concentration (5-200 mM), salinity (0-500 mM), and pH value (5.0-8.5). The equilibrium time can be achieved within 16 min between the freely dissolved MP and beta-cyclodextrin decorated reduced graphene oxide composites (β-CD/RGO). Under the equilibrium condition, the sorption coefficients (log KDOC) were 4.56 for Acros humic acid and 4.58 for Suwannee River humic acid, respectively, which were consistent with those by negligible depletion-solid phase microextraction (nd-SPME) with log KDOC = 4.23 for Acros humic acid and log KDOC = 4.27 for Suwannee River humic acid. The freely dissolved MP in water samples ranged from 3.96 to 4.44 µg L− 1, which were in agreement with those by nd-SPME (Cfree = 4.17–4.76 µg L− 1). According to the result, a novel method was developed in this study to estimate the freely dissolved concentration of pollutants using the electrochemical method.
Crop rotation alleviates continuous cropping obstacles in Chrysanthemum morifolium production by regulating rhizosphere microbial communities and metabolites
Authors: Chen Qiaohuan , Li Jinxin , Wang Xiao , Liao Zhiyuan , Xiao Siqian , Miao Yuhuan , Liu Dahui 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Chrysanthemum morifolium is widely used as a raw material in traditional Chinese medicine and in health drinks. However, continuous cropping obstacles have produced bottlenecks in C. morifolium production. Crop rotation is considered to be the cheapest and most effective method to restore soil quality. Therefore, we here studied the impact of two crop rotation models (Prunella vulgaris-C. morifolium and Brassica napus-C. morifolium) on C. morifolium productivity and soil quality. Our results showed that both rotation models led to a higher C. morifolium yield and quality advantage than monoculture model; subsequently, the main reasons for improving C. morifolium productivity by these two crop rotation modes were analyzed. Levels of soil nutrients, such as total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available iron, showed significant augment in crop rotation; similar situation were observed for the activities of soil acid phosphatase, sucrase, and β-glucosidase. Furthermore, the reduced wilt disease incidence and the decreased Fusarium pathogen adundance under rotation could be attributed to the changes in bacterial community structure and rhizosphere metabolites. In addition, changes in the abundance of metabolites in the rhizosphere soil were key factors affecting the bacterial and fungal community structure. For instance, two rotation systems decreased the presence of Proteobacteria and increased other bacterial phyla (e.g. Actinobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Cyanobacteria), potentially influenced by rhizosphere soil metabolites. This study offers new insights into the mechanisms by which continuous cropping challenges can be overcome and provides concrete suggestions for improving yield of an economically and medicinally important plant species.
Qualitative analysis by OCTA in patients with choroidal neovascularization secondary to angioid streaks as predictors of disease recurrences over time
Authors: Velez-Montoya Raul , Osorio-Landa Hillary K. , Franco-Ramirez K. Carolina , Martínez-Pacheco Victor , Ramirez-Estudillo J. Abel , Rosales-Padrón Jaime Francisco , Ledesma-Gil Gerardo , Fromow-Guerra Jans 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: To report the risk of exudation recurrence and long-term outcomes in patients with choroidal neovascularization secondary to angioid streaks, according to its morphology and characteristics by optical coherence tomography angiography.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of electronic medical records from three hospitals. We enrolled patients with a clinical diagnosis of angioid streaks choroidal neovascularization that had a minimum follow-up of 12 months. From each record, we extracted general demographic data, best corrected visual acuity (baseline, before and after each disease recurrence and last on file), type of treatment, time between last intravitreal injection and disease recurrence, and classification of the neovascular lesion morphology by optical coherence tomography, and optical coherence tomography angiography. Patients with myopic choroidal neovascularization were used as controls. Interobserver agreement was assessed with a Cohen-Kappa test. The Odds ratio was calculated with a chi2 test for significance. Visual acuity change through time was assessed with an ANOVA for repeated measurements with an alpha value of 0.05 for statistical significance.
Results: We enrolled 30 patients in the study group and 14 in the control group. In the study group, the baseline and final BCVA was 0.861 ± 0.59 and 1.095 ± 0.61 logMAR (p=0.1). Control group: 1.045 ± 0.57 and 0.617 ± 0.53 logMAR (p<0.05). In the study group, the predominant CNV type by OCTA was mixed (37%), and interlacing (57%) in the control group. Mixed and cog-wheel patterns at baseline had increased Odds for recurrence in the study group (1.2 to 7.4) although it was not significant. Patients in the study group required fewer intravitreal injections on each recurrence episode to achieve disease control (3.5±1.5 vs.1.4±0.2, p<0.01).
Conclusions: The benefits of anti-VEGF treatment are lost over time in patients with angioid streaks and CNV. Lesion characteristics by optical coherence tomography angiography could help physicians predict the risk of recurrence.
Trial Registration:Retrospective registered, and IRB approved.
Discordant Cardiac Inflammation between 18F-FDG PET and CMR in Patients with Cardiac Sarcoidosis
Authors: Hutt Erika , Brizneda Maria Paula Vega , Jellis Christine L. , Neto Manuel L. Ribeiro , Jaber Wael A. , Cremer Paul C. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Current diagnostic criteria for cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) rely on non-invasive imaging tools including positron emission tomography (PET-CT) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of discordant myocardial inflammation between PET-CT and CMR in patients with known cardiac sarcoidosis. We retrospectively identified patients with both 18F-FDG PET-CT and CMR who had histology-proven sarcoidosis (N = 148). Among these 25 (17%) had abnormal 18F-FDG metabolism with normal tissue characterization by CMR. Of these, 13 (9%) had the studies concomitantly within 180 days (median 5 days, IQR 1–31). During median follow up of 7 years, 3 (23%) deaths were documented. Although prospective studies are required to address the best imaging approach for cardiac inflammation, our observation that some patients with CS have evidence of disease activity on PET-CT, but not on limited CMR without mapping suggests that a negative limited CMR may not fully exclude CS.
Development of a predictive model for postoperative major adverse cardiovascular events in elderly patients undergoing major abdominal surgery
Authors: Kurexi Adilai , Yan Rui , Yuan Tingting , Taati Zhaenhaer , Mijiti Maimaiti , Li Dan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the predictive value of a short physical performance test (SPPB) for postoperative major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs) in elderly patients undergoing major abdominal surgery and to develop a nomogram risk prediction model.
Methods
A total of 427 elderly patients aged ≥ 65 years who underwent major abdominal surgery at our hospital between June 2023 and March 2024 were selected for the study, and 416 patients were ultimately included. The preoperative SPPB score was measured,and the patients were divided into two groups: a high SPPB group (≥ 10) and a low SPPB group (< 10). The subjects' clinical datasets and postoperative major adverse cardiovascular event (MACEs) occurrence data were recorded. LASSO regression analysis was performed to screen predictor variables and develop a nomogram risk prediction model for predicting MACEs. The clinical efficacy of the model was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).
Results
The incidence of postoperative MACE in elderly patients who underwent major abdominal surgery was 5%. LASSO regression analysis revealed that arrhythmia, creatine kinase, SPPB, anesthesia duration, age, intraoperative minimum heart rate, BMI, and coronary artery disease were significant predictors of MACEs. The nomogram risk prediction model based on SPPB and clinical indicators can better predict the occurrence of MACE and can guide preoperative interventions and help to improve perioperative management.The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.852 (95% CI, 0.749–0.954), the calibration curve showed good agreement, and the decision curve showed promising clinical efficacy.
Conclusion
The nomogram risk prediction model based on SPPB and clinical indicators can better predict the occurrence of MACEs and can guide preoperative intervention and help to improve perioperative management.