bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Furthering the link between the sarcomere and primary cardiomyopathies: Restrictive cardiomyopathy associated with multiple mutations in genes previously associated with hypertrophic or dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Caleshu Colleen , Sakhuja Rahul , Nussbaum Robert L. , Schiller Nelson B. , Ursell Philip C. , Eng Celeste , De Marco Teresa , McGlothlin Dana , Burchard Esteban González , Rame J. Eduardo 
Published: August 2011

AbstractMutations in genes that encode components of the sarcomere are well established as the cause of hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies. Sarcomere genes, however, are increasingly being associated with other cardiomyopathies. One phenotype more recently recognized as a disease of the sarcomere is restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM). We report on two patients with RCM associated with multiple mutations in sarcomere genes not previously associated with RCM. Patient 1 presented with NYHA Class III/IV heart failure at 22 years of age. She was diagnosed with RCM and advanced heart failure requiring heart transplantation. Sequencing of sarcomere genes revealed previously reported homozygous p.Glu143Lys mutations in MYL3, and a novel heterozygous p.Gly57Glu mutation in MYL2. The patient's mother is a double heterozygote for these mutations, with no evidence of cardiomyopathy. Patient 2 presented at 35 years of age with volume overload while hospitalized for oophorectomy. She was diagnosed with RCM and is being evaluated for heart transplantation. Sarcomere gene sequencing identified homozygous p.Asn279His mutations in TPM1. The patient's parents are consanguineous and confirmed heterozygotes. Her father was diagnosed with HCM at 42 years of age. This is the first report of mutations in TPM1, MYL3, and MYL2 associated with primary, non‐hypertrophied RCM. The association of more sarcomere genes with RCM provides further evidence that mutations in the various sarcomere genes can cause different cardiomyopathy phenotypes. These cases also contribute to the growing body of evidence that multiple mutations have an additive effect on the severity of cardiomyopathies. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Early factors associated with axonal loss after optic neuritis
Authors: Henderson Andrew P. D. , Altmann Daniel R. , Trip S. Anand , Miszkiel Katherine A. , Schlottmann Patricio G. , Jones Steve J. , Garway‐Heath David F. , Plant Gordon T. , Miller David H. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractObjective:Acute optic neuritis due to an inflammatory demyelinating lesion of the optic nerve is often seen in association with multiple sclerosis. Although functional recovery usually follows the acute episode of visual loss, persistent visual deficits are common and are probably due to axonal loss. The mechanisms of axonal loss and early features that predict it are not well defined. We investigated clinical, electrophysiological, and imaging measures at presentation and after 3 months as potential markers of axonal loss following optic neuritis.Methods:We followed 21 patients after their first attack of acute unilateral optic neuritis for up to 18 months. Axonal loss was inferred from optical coherence tomography measures of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness at least 6 months following the episode. Visual function, visual evoked potential, and optic nerve magnetic resonance imaging measures obtained during the acute episode and 3 months later were investigated for their association with later axonal loss.Results:After multivariate analysis, prolonged visual evoked potential latency and impaired color vision, at baseline and after 3 months, were significantly and independently associated with RNFL thinning. Low‐contrast acuity measures exhibited significant univariate associations with RNFL thinning.Interpretation:The association of RNFL loss with a prolonged visual evoked potential (VEP) latency suggests that acute and persistent demyelination is associated with increased vulnerability of axons. VEP latency and visual function tests that capture optic nerve function, such as color and contrast, may help identify subjects with a higher risk for axonal loss who are thus more suitable for experimental neuroprotection trials. ANN NEUROL 2011;70:955–963
The Effect of Trigonal Bipyramidal Distortion of Pentacoordinate VIVO2+ Species on their Structural, Electronic and Spectroscopic Parameters
Authors: Micera Giovanni , Garribba Eugenio 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe effect of trigonal bipyramidal distortion of pentacoordinate VIVO2+ species on their structural, electronic and spectroscopic parameters was calculated by DFT methods. In particular i) the bis chelated species with [VO(LH–1)2]2– stoichiometry formed in water with five α‐hydroxycarboxylic acid ligands [glycolic (glycH), lactic (lactH), 2‐hydroxyisobutyric (2‐hibH), 2‐ethyl‐2‐hydroxybutyric (2‐ehbH) and 2‐isopropyl‐2‐hydroxybutyric (2‐iPrhbH) acids], ii) the bis complexes [VOL2] formed in the solid state with three salicylaldimine derivatives [N‐methylsalicylaldimine (MeSalH), N‐isopropyl‐o‐methylsalicylaldimine (iPr‐MeSalH) and N‐methyl‐o‐tert‐butyl‐p‐methylsalicylaldimine (tBu‐MeSalH)] and iii) the solid bis chelated compounds with composition [VOL2] formed with aminophenolate ligands {2‐[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenol (NMe2phenH), 2‐(piperid‐1‐ylmethyl)‐4‐methylphenol (Pip‐4MephenH), 2‐[(dimethylamino)methyl]‐6‐tert‐butylphenol (NMe2‐tBuphenH)} were examined. The variation of the structural [bond lengths, axial and equatorial angles, value of ΔE(solv), molecular orbital composition and electronic structure], EPR (|Ax – Ay|, |Aiso|, |Az| and |gx – gy|),UV/Vis (Δλ = λ2 – λ3 and λ1), IR (νV=O) and electron spin echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) spectroscopic parameters(|AisoN|, CQ and η) as a function of the structural index of trigonality, τ = (β – α)/60 (where β and α are the angles subtended by vanadium between the two axial and equatorial donors), is illustrated.
Isomerization of the (E)‐Alkene of a Conjugated Enyne During Intramolecular Pauson–Khand Cyclization
Authors: Thornton Paul D. , Burnell D. Jean 
Published: August 2011

AbstractIn the presence of DMSO, the intramolecular Pauson–Khand reactions of two substrates with alkyne moieties substituted by carbon chains consisting of a conjugated (E)‐alkene and a terminal oxygen function provided cyclized products in which the conjugated alkene underwent E to Z isomerization. This isomerization was consistent with the acceleration of the cyclization process by the terminal oxygen function.
Optimal choice of pH for toxicity and bioaccumulation studies of ionizing organic chemicals
Authors: Rendal Cecilie , Kusk Kresten Ole , Trapp Stefan 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
It is recognized that the pH of exposure solutions can influence the toxicity and bioaccumulation of ionizing compounds. The present study investigates whether it can be considered a general rule that an ionizable compound is more toxic and more bioaccumulative when in the neutral state. Three processes were identified to explain the behavior of ionizing compounds with changing pH: the change in lipophilicity when a neutral compound becomes ionized, electrical attraction, and the ion trap. The literature was screened for bioaccumulation and toxicity tests of ionizing organic compounds performed at multiple pH levels. Toxicity and bioconcentration factors (BCFs) were higher for acids at lower pH values, whereas the opposite was true for bases. The effect of pH was most pronounced when pH − pKa was in the range of −1 to 3 for acids, and −3 to 1 for bases. The factor by which toxicity and BCF changed with pH was correlated with the lipophilicity of the compound (log KOW of the neutral compound). For both acids and bases, the correlation was positive, but it was significant only for acids. Because experimental data in the literature were limited, results were supplemented with model simulations using a dynamic flux model based on the Fick–Nernst–Planck diffusion equation known as the cell model. The cell model predicts that bases with delocalized charges may in some cases show declining bioaccumulation with increasing pH. Little information is available for amphoteric and zwitterionic compounds; however, based on simulations with the cell model, it is expected that the highest toxicity and bioaccumulation of these compounds will be found where the compounds are most neutral, at the isoelectric point. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:2395–2406. © 2011 SETAC
Dose‐dependent effects of olanzapine on QT intervals and plasma prolactin levels in Japanese patients with stable schizophrenia
Authors: Suzuki Yutaro , Ono Shin , Sugai Takuro , Fukui Naoki , Watanabe Junzo , Tsuneyama Nobuto , Sawamura Kazushi , Someya Toshiyuki 
Published: August 2011

ObjectivesThere have been few reports regarding olanzapine (OLZ)‐related QT prolongation and hyperprolactinemia. This study evaluated the dose‐dependent effect of OLZ on QT interval and plasma prolactin (PRL) level in a single sample of patients with schizophrenia.MethodsTwenty‐six subjects treated with varying starting doses of OLZ were enrolled in the study. Following baseline assessments, which included completion of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), measurements of Body Mass Index (BMI), QT interval, electrolytes, fasting plasma glucose, PRL, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), and low density lipoprotein (LDL), the dose of OLZ was increased for each subject. The same parameters were evaluated following the increased dose treatment.ResultsA significant decrease was observed in BPRS score (p = 0.01) following treatment with an increased dose of OLZ. Significant increases were observed in BMI (p = 0.032), QTc (p = 0.031), and plasma PRL level (p = 0.028). The mean values of electrolytes, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, TC, TG, HDL and LDL treatment were unchanged by the switch to increased‐dose OLZ treatment.ConclusionWe have demonstrated the dose‐dependent effect of OLZ on the QT interval and the plasma PRL level of patients with schizophrenia. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Long‐term risk of recurrent cervical human papillomavirus infection and precancer and cancer following excisional treatment
Authors: Kreimer Aimée R. , Schiffman Mark , Herrero Rolando , Hildesheim Allan , González Paula , Burk Robert D. , Porras Carolina , Sherman Mark E. , Demuth Franklin , Cheung Li , Bratti Concepción , Cecilia Rodríguez Ana 
Published: August 2011

AbstractRisk of recurrent CIN2+ (including cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 [CIN2], CIN3, carcinoma and in situ, adenocarcinoma in situ or cancer) remains elevated for years following treatment. The role of long‐term post‐treatment human papillomavirus (HPV) presence on subsequent risk of CIN2+ was evaluated in the 10,049‐women Guanacaste cohort. Six hundred eighty‐one women were referred to colposcopy because of high‐grade cytology, positive cervicography and/or suspicion of cancer based on visual assessment; 486 were judged to require treatment. After excluding women with <12 months of follow‐up (N = 88), prior cancer or hysterectomy (N = 37) or other reasons (N = 14), 347 were included in the analysis. Infections were categorized as persistent if present at both pre‐ and post‐treatment visits and new if detected only post‐treatment. Median time between the treatment and post‐treatment visits was 6.7 years (interquartile range 3.8–7.8). At the post‐treatment visit, 8 (2.4%), 2 (0.6%) and 8 (2.4%) of the 347 treated women had persistent HPV16, HPV18 or other carcinogenic HPV, respectively. Two (0.8%), 3 (1.0%) and 13 (4.0%) had new HPV16, HPV18 and other carcinogenic HPV, respectively. Six CIN2+ cases were identified at the post‐treatment visit, all with persistent infections (three HPV16, one HPV18 and two other carcinogenic HPV). No recurrent disease was observed among women with new HPV infections during the follow‐up period. Thus, persistence of HPV infection a median of six years after treatment was uncommon but, when present, posed a substantial risk of subsequent CIN2+. Serial follow‐up data from other studies would further strengthen these conclusions.
(Bio)nanotechnologies to enhance environmental quality and energy production
Authors: Alvarez Luis H. , Cervantes Francisco J. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractNanotechnologies (NT) use particles in the range 1–100 nm, and these nanoparticles (NP) have distinctive characteristics compared with their bulk counterparts. For this reason, the use of NP has significantly expanded in a great diversity of industrial sectors and research groups in order to enhance their actual processes or to develop new applications. A description of the use of NT in environmental applications is presented in this review. Specifically, important advances focused on the development of new strategies to produce clean energy (electricity and hydrogen) and the development of analytical sensors using NP, are described. In addition, the review describes applications of NT during the removal of pollutants from water using physicochemical and/or biological methods. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Anisotropic properties of bovine nasal cartilage
Authors: Xia Yang , Zheng Shaokuan , Szarko Matthew , Lee Jihyun 
Published: August 2011

AbstractTo investigate the structural anisotropy in bovine septal cartilage, quantitative procedures in microscopic magnetic resonance imaging (μMRI), polarized light microscopy (PLM), and mechanical indentation were used to measure the tissue in three orthogonal planes: vertical, medial, and caudocephalic. The quantitative T2 imaging experiments in μMRI found strong anisotropy in the images of both vertical and caudocephalic planes but little anisotropy in the images from the medial plane. The PLM birefringent experiments found that the retardation values in the medial section were only about 10% of these in the vertical and caudocephalic sections and that the angle values in all three sections followed the rotation of the tissue section in the microscope stage. The stress relaxation experiments in mechanical indentation showed reduced stiffness in the medial plane compared to stiffness in either the vertical or caudocephalic planes. Collectively, the results in this project coherently indicate a marked structural anisotropy in cartilage from the nasal septum, where the long axis of the collagen fibrils is oriented in parallel with the medial axis. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis and conversion of 6‐fluoro derivatives of 1,3,4‐thiadiazolo‐[3,2‐a]pyrimidine
Authors: Kukaniev Muhamadsho A. , Párkányi Cyril 
Published: August 2011

Abstract2‐Alkyl‐, 2‐aryl‐, and 2‐halo‐substituted derivatives of 7‐methyl‐6‐fluoro‐1,3,4‐thiadiazolo[3,2‐a]pyrimidin‐6‐one (3) were prepared by reaction of 2‐substituted 5‐amino‐1,3,4‐thiadiazoles (1) and ethyl 2‐fluoroacetoacetate (2) in polyphosphoric acid. A convenient procedure was developed for the synthesis of new 2‐amino derivatives of 2‐R‐7‐methyl‐6‐fluoro‐1,3,4‐thiadiazolo[3,2‐a]pyrimidin‐6‐one (5). J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2011).
Comparison and evaluation of statistical downscaling techniques for station‐based precipitation in the Middle East
Authors: Lutz K. , Jacobeit J. , Philipp A. , Seubert S. , Kunstmann H. , Laux P. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractSeveral statistical downscaling techniques are intercompared and evaluated with respect to daily station‐based precipitation in the eastern Mediterranean/Middle East region. The study introduces unconditioned and precipitation‐conditioned SANDRA (Simulated ANnealing and Diversified RAndomization) cluster analysis (SCA) as new downscaling approaches and additionally uses the two widely used techniques of canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and multiple linear regression analysis (MR). For the precipitation‐conditioned SANDRA cluster analysis different weights (percentages of contribution to the clustering) are evaluated. Furthermore, two different predictor combinations are used, a simple one only including mean sea level pressure (SLP), and a more complex one additionally including 500 hPa‐geopotential heights, 500 hPa‐vorticity and 1000 hPa‐moisture flux. Analyses are carried out on a daily basis for the main rainy season from November to March for the period 1961–1990. It is shown that SLP, as single predictor, does not perform sufficiently well, but adding further predictors considerably improves model performance in terms of increased explained variance and model stability as well as reduced root mean square error (RMSE). From all selected techniques MR and CCA show the best performance for the SLP‐based models, with comparable results for both techniques, whereas precipitation‐conditioned SANDRA cluster analysis performs best when further predictors are included. Performance differences between all techniques are generally smaller than those for a particular technique using different predictor sets. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Embedding Lean Six Sigma into everyday use ensures sustainable culture change at Xerox
Authors: Geier Joyce 
Published: August 2011

AbstractAlthough the Xerox Corporation had a venerable and successful Lean Six Sigma program emulated by other companies around the world, there were subtle signs that it had not been fully absorbed into the corporation's culture. Blending a traditional project approach with creative developments from the behavioral sciences, Xerox used Lean Six Sigma principles to develop QwikSolverTM, a personally relevant and straightforward method for applying Lean Six Sigma every day. This case study follows the evolution and design of the cultural change program and the platform from which it was launched. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Colloidal Nanobowls and Hybrid Multipod‐like Nanoparticles by Radiation Miniemulsion Polymerization
Authors: Ge Xueping , Ge Xuewu , Wang Mozhen , Liu Huarong , Fang Bin , Li Zhi , Shi Xiaojun , Yang Cunzhong , Li Guang 
Published: August 2011

AbstractA facile approach is proposed to one‐pot synthesis of two kinds of nanoparticles: a new type of PS nanobowls (a hole appearing at the bottom of nanobowl) and PS/silica hybrid multipod‐like nanoparticles. The two type of nanoparticles generated together during polymerization could be separated easily by centrifugation. Furthermore, the structure of nanobowls could be easily controlled by the weight ratio of monomer/silica. In addition, we find that the multipod‐like nanoparticles play important roles in hydrophobic properties. The water contact angle increased from 24.0° to 143.3° after coated with the multipod‐like nanoparticles.magnified image
Stereochemical study of the sterically crowded phenylselanylalkenes by means of 77Se1H spin–spin coupling constants
Authors: Rusakov Yury Yu. , Krivdin Leonid B. , Orlov Nikolay V. , Ananikov Valentine P. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractStereochemical study of five sterically crowded phenylselanylalkenes obtained via the hydroselenation of either terminal or internal alkynes with benzeneselenol catalyzed by the nanosized Ni complexes has been carried out based on the experimental HMBC measurements and theoretical second order palarization propagator approach (SOPPA) calculations of their 77Se1H spin–spin coupling constants across double bond in combination with the energy‐based theoretical conformational analysis performed at the MP2/6‐311G** level. It has been found that studied phenylselanylalkenes adopt mainly skewed s‐cis conformation with the noticeable out‐of‐plane deviations of the phenylselanyl and phenyl groups. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The echinoid mitotic gradient: Effect of cell size on the micromere cleavage cycle
Authors: Duncan Rosalie E. Langelan , Whiteley Arthur H. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractLike other euechinoids, the fertilized eggs of the sand dollar Dendraster excentricus proceed through cleavages that produce a pattern of macromeres, mesomeres, and micromeres at the 4th division. The 8 cells of the macro‐mesomere lineage proceed through 6 additional cleavages before hatching. At the fifth overall division, the 4 micromeres produce a lineage of large micromeres that will divide 3 additional times, and a lineage of small micromeres that will divide once more before hatching. Irrespective of lineage, the length of the cell cycles is closely related to the size of the blastomere; cells of the same size have the same cell cycle time. A consequence is that at the fourth cleavage, there is a gradient of mitotic activity from the fastest dividers at the animal pole and the slowest cleaving micromeres at the vegetal pole. By the time of hatching, which is the 10th division of meso‐macromeres, all cells are the same small size, the metachronic pattern of division gives way to asynchrony, and the mitotic gradient along the polar axis is lost. Experimental pre‐exposure to sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), however, blocks the appearance of the gradients in cell size, the mitotic gradient, and the differential in cell cycle times. It is proposed that the mitotic gradients, cell cycle times, and attainment of a state of asynchrony are functions of cell size. Developmental consequences of the transition are large, and include coordinated activation of transcriptions, synthesis of new patterns of proteins, alterations of metabolism, and onset of morphogenesis. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 78:868–878, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
4E‐BP1 degradation and eIF4E truncation occur spatially distinctly in the porcine uterine epithelia and are features of noninvasive implantation in the pig
Authors: Wollenhaupt Karin , Reinke Kati , Brüssow Klaus‐Peter , Kanitz Wilhelm , Tomek Wolfgang 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe implantation of the blastocyst into the endometrium is an indispensable premise for successful embryonic development. This process is regulated by maternal and embryonic signals that influence gene expression at the translational level, among other processes. Recently, we have shown that proteolytical cleavage of the prototypical 25‐kDa, mRNA cap‐binding protein eIF4E produces a stable variant with a molecular mass of approximately 23 kDa exclusively in the porcine endometrium during implantation. This is accompanied by dephosphorylation and reduction of the abundant repressor 4E‐BP1. Here, we investigate the distribution of the truncated eIF4E and of 4E‐BP1 in the porcine uterine tissue, their binding in native samples, and we analyzed eIF4E‐, eIF4G‐, and 4E‐BP1‐specific proteolytic activities. Our results show that in pigs, the truncated eIF4E is located in the endometrial luminal epithelium during implantation. Neither glandulary tissue nor stroma expressed any truncated eIF4E. The reduced abundance of 4E‐BP1 during implantation is mainly the result of decay in the glandular epithelia. Moreover, steroid replacements, in vitro protease assays, and cell lysate fractionation showed that eIF4E cleavage and 4E‐BP1 decay both depended on the ovarian steroid hormones estradiol and progestrone, but these effects are the result of different proteolytic activities. Although eIF4G cleavage also depends on calcium, stimulation by these steroids could not be established. We propose that the translation initiation process in the endometrium is differently regulated by the truncated eIF4E, utilizing different abundances of 4E‐BP1 and binding dynamic of eIF4E/4E‐BP1 in distinct forms of implantation. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 78:895–905, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.