bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geographical correlation between incidence of benign disease and that of cancer of the thyroid among the population of the Rhône-Alpes région of France
Authors: Sassolas Geneviève , Hafdi-Nejjari Zakia , Schott Anne Marie , Bournaud Claire , Peix Jean Louis , Orgiazzi Jacques , Dutrieux-Berger Nicole , Borson-Chazot Françoise , _ _ 
Published: September 2009

ObjectiveTo analyze, at a population level, the relation between the incidences of benign thyroid diseases in patients submitted to surgery and that of thyroid cancers based on their respective geographical distributions.MethodsThe study included 3169 cases (691 cancers and 2478 benign diseases) operated on in 2002 in the Rhône-Alpes région, which is subdivided into eight départements and 311 cantons.ResultsThe total thyroid intervention rate was 54.6/100 000 (23.4 and 86.4), and the annual cancer incidence was 11.9/100 000 (4.7 and 13.8) for men and women respectively. The prevalence of cancer among thyroid surgery was 21.8% and that of cancer discovered in goiters increased with age (44% at 60 years). Intervention rates varied from départment to département. In women, the incidence of microcancers was correlated to the thyroid intervention for benign pathologies rate. In men, the incidence of supracentimetric cancers was related to the TIBR. At the canton level, the relative risk of benign diseases was correlated to that of cancers. TIBR and incidence of cancers were higher in urban cantons than in nonurban ones. The density of endocrinologists influenced the prevalence of cancers among all the cases submitted to surgery.ConclusionIn the Rhône-Alpes population with high rates of thyroid cancer incidence and of thyroid surgery, a number of correlations were found according to gender and tumor size. However, the general incidence of cancer was not directly related to surgical activity. Geographical variability may be related to the heterogeneous medical and pathological practices.
Clinical and Economic Outcomes of Rabbit Antithymocyte Globulin Induction in Adults Who Received Kidney Transplants from Living Unrelated Donors and Received Cyclosporine‐Based Immunosuppression
Authors: Miller James T. , Collins Curtis D. , Stuckey Linda J. , Luan Fu L. , Englesbe Michael J. , Magee John C. , Park Jeong M. 
Published: September 2009

Study Objective. To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and costs of rabbit antithymocyte globulin (TMG) induction in patients who received kidney transplants from living unrelated donors.Design. Retrospective cohort study.Setting. Large academic medical center.Patients. Eighty‐seven patients who received kidney transplants from living unrelated donors: 40 of the recipients underwent transplantation between January 1, 2003, and December 31, 2004, and did not receive TMG induction (no induction group); 47 underwent transplantation between January 1, 2005, and June 30, 2006, and received TMG induction (induction group). All patients received cyclosporine‐based immunosuppression.Measurements and Main Results. Biopsy‐proven acute rejection, posttransplantation complications, and inpatient hospital costs for the first 12 months after transplantation were compared between groups using standard univariate statistical analyses. Induction significantly decreased the occurrence of biopsy‐proven acute rejection versus no induction (2% vs 48%, p<0.001). Fifty percent of rejection episodes in the no induction group required hospitalization, and 46% of rejection episodes required TMG treatment. Slightly elevated initial costs associated with TMG induction were offset by lower costs related to rejection treatment. Total inpatient costs for the 12 months after transplantation were comparable between the groups (no induction $66,038 vs induction $74,183, p>0.05). For the no induction versus induction groups, no significant differences in cytomegalovirus disease (5% vs 6%), malignancy (3% vs 2%), graft failures (5% vs 6%), mortality (5% vs 4%), and serum creatinine concentrations (mean ± SD 1.4 ± 0.3 vs 1.5 ± 0.3 mg/dl) were observed at 12 months (p>0.05 for all comparisons)Conclusion. Five‐day TMG induction effectively reduced the 1‐year acute rejection rate without significantly increasing total inpatient costs or posttransplantation complications among recipients of kidney transplants from living unrelated donors
The Return of Historical Fiction
Authors: Rycik Mary Taylor , Rosler Brenda 
Published: September 2009

Recently, historical fiction has begun to dominate major children's book awards. This article describes the values of using high‐quality historical fiction in the classroom and presents different ways to respond to this genre including using modern technology. Two tables, one of picture books and one of novels, with paired nonfiction texts, are provided as a teacher resource.تلخيص البحث: لقد بدأ الأدب التاريخي الخيالي يسيطر على الجوائز الرئيسية لكتب للأطفال مؤخراً. لذا تصف هذه المقالة قيم استخدام الأدب التاريخي الواقعي ذات الجودة العالية في الصف وتقدم طرقاً مختلفة لتعالج هذا الجنس من الأدب بما فيها استخدام النقنية الحديثة. وقد تم تقديم جدولين واحد منهما كتب مصورة والآخر روايات مع نصوص واقعية كمورد للمعلمين.历史小说最近开始在主要获奖儿童书籍中脱颖而出。本文介绍在课堂教学中使用高质历史小说的价值，并提供不同方法对这种体裁作回应，包括使用现代科技方法。作者提供了两个表：一表列出图画书，另一表则列出小说书，两表均配以非小说的文本，作为教师的教学资源。Depuis peu, la fiction historique a commencé à prendre le dessus lors des principaux prix attribués aux livres pour enfants. Cet article indique les avantages qu'il y a à utiliser en classe une fiction historique de grande qualité et présente différentes façons de faire face à ce genre, y compris en utilisant la technologie moderne. L'article comporte deux tableaux en tant ressource pour les maîtres, l'un pour les livres d'images et l'autre pour les romans, avec des textes appariés autres que des textes de fiction.В последнее время среди лауреатов премий по детской литературе лидирует историческая беллетристика. В статье описано, насколько важно и полезно использовать высококачественную историческую беллетристику на уроках. Читатель познакомится с различными способами учебной работы с литературой такого жанра, в том числе, с применением компьютерных технологий. В качестве ресурса для учителей предлагаются одна книга с иллюстрациями и один роман, причем в пару к каждому из этих текстов подобран соответствующий нехудожественный текст.Recientemente, libros de ficción histórica para niños han ganado muchos de los premios que se otorgan. Este artículo describe la utilidad de la ficción histórica de alta calidad al salón de clase y presenta diferentes modos de usar este género, incluyendo usando la tecnología moderna. Dos tablas, una de libros dibujados y otra de novelas—ambas emparejadas con textos que no son de ficción—se proporcionan para servirles de recursos a los maestros.
Contemporary Imaging in Sarcoma
Authors: Landa Jonathan , Schwartz Lawrence H. 
Published: September 2009

Abstract

Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Evaluate the current use of specific modalities for diagnosis and staging of sarcoma.Enumerate advanced functional imaging techniques and compare their potential roles and limitations in the evaluation of sarcoma.Evaluate the role of imaging in assessing response to therapy in patients with sarcoma.
This article is available for continuing medical education credit at CME.TheOncologist.com
Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of &gt;50 subtypes of neoplasm. It is imperative to obtain appropriate imaging of these tumors in order to adequately assess, characterize, and stage bone and soft tissue sarcomas. Anatomic imaging such as radiographs, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remain the foundation for both biopsy planning and postoperative evaluation of these neoplasms. However, anatomic imaging may not be entirely accurate in the evaluation of treatment response. Newer techniques, such 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, are being used to evaluate distant metastases. Newer radiopharmaceuticals, such as 18F-fluorodeoxythymidine, are being developed to assist in the differentiation between benign and low-grade malignant neoplasms. Newer functional imaging techniques, such as dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging, among others, are being developed to evaluate treatment response.
Non‐Surgical Periodontal Therapy Lowers Serum Inflammatory Markers: A Pilot Study
Authors: Hussain Bokhari Syed Akhtar , Khan Ayyaz Ali , Tatakis Dimitris N. , Azhar Mohammad , Hanif Mohammad , Izhar Mateen 
Published: September 2009

Background: Evidence suggests an association between periodontal disease and coronary heart disease (CHD). C‐reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, and white blood cell (WBC) counts are markers of inflammation, and their systemic levels have been associated with CHD risk. This pilot study investigated the effect of non‐surgical periodontal therapy on systemic levels of CRP, fibrinogen, and WBC counts in subjects with CHD or no CHD (NCHD).Methods: Twenty‐seven angiographically defined patients with CHD and 18 subjects with NCHD aged ≥40 years were recruited for the study. Periodontal disease was measured through the clinical parameters bleeding on probing (BOP) and probing depth (PD). All subjects received non‐surgical periodontal therapy that included oral hygiene instructions and subgingival scaling and root planing. Systemic levels of inflammatory markers (CRP, fibrinogen, and WBC counts) were measured prior to and 1 month after periodontal therapy.Results: Seventeen subjects with CHD and 11 subjects with NCHD completed the study. Subjects with CHD or NCHD experienced significant reductions in BOP (59% and 34%, respectively; P <0.05) and PD (41% and 35%, respectively; P <0.05), with non‐significant intergroup differences (P >0.05). In all subjects, CRP, fibrinogen, and WBC counts were reduced significantly (21% to 40%) after periodontal therapy (P <0.05).Conclusions: Periodontal treatment resulted in significant decreases in BOP and PD and lowered serum inflammatory markers in patients with CHD or NCHD. This may result in a decreased risk for CHD in the treated patients. These findings will allow pursuit of a large‐scale randomized intervention trial in this population.
Enamel Matrix Derivative Protein Stimulated Wound Healing via Phosphoinositide 3‐Kinase
Authors: Goda Seiji , Kaneshita Yuki , Inoue Hiroshi , Domae Eisuke , Ikeo Takashi , Iida Joji , Domae Naochika 
Published: September 2009

Background: Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) protein has been clinically used for periodontal regeneration, but the molecular mechanisms are not clear. Previous studies suggested that the activation of phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI 3‐kinase) plays a key role in facilitating cell migration. Given that the migration of osteoblasts is one of the key steps in the wound‐healing processes, we hypothesized that EMD protein would stimulate osteoblast migration by activating PI 3‐kinase. In this study, we tested this hypothesis using MG‐63 cells as model systems to evaluate mechanisms of migration by stimulation with EMD protein.Methods: Confluent MG‐63 cells were mechanically scratched using a sterilized 1‐mm pipette tip that removed the cells within a circular area. The wells were incubated for 24 hours in various stimulation conditions (25, 50, or 100 μg/ml EMD protein) with or without the PI 3‐kinase inhibitor wortmannin (1, 10, and 100 nM) or LY294002 (1, 10, and 100 μM). Migrated cells in the wound section were counted by randomly selecting three areas from one well. The activation of PI 3‐kinase by EMD protein was evaluated by the phosphorylation of Akt using Western blot analysis.Results: Although EMD protein did not affect proliferation, it enhanced migration into wounds on MG‐63 cells. We showed that EMD protein enhanced the phosphorylation of Akt in a dose‐dependent manner. We demonstrated that the PI 3‐kinase inhibitors wortmannin and LY294002 blocked migration into wounds and the phosphorylation of Akt enhanced by EMD protein in MG‐63 cells.Conclusion: These results demonstrated that the activation of PI 3‐kinase plays a key role in the EMD protein‐stimulated migration of osteoblasts.
Interleukin‐1 Gene Cluster Polymorphisms Associated With Periodontal Disease in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: López Néstor J. , Valenzuela Carlos Y. , Jara Lilian 
Published: September 2009

Background: Epidemiologic studies have shown an increased frequency, severity, and risk of periodontitis in patients with diabetes. Periodontitis is associated with certain interleukin (IL)‐1 gene cluster polymorphisms. Diabetes is a proinflammatory state with increased levels of circulating cytokines suggesting a causal role for inflammation in its etiology. Common genetic factors may be involved in the susceptibility for diabetes and periodontitis. We evaluated the relationships among IL‐1 gene polymorphisms, type 2 diabetes, and periodontitis.Methods: One hundred twelve patients with diabetes and chronic periodontitis, 224 patients without diabetes but with chronic periodontitis, and 208 healthy subjects without periodontitis were studied. All received a clinical periodontal examination and assessment of standard periodontal parameters. IL‐1A −889, −1B +3954, and −1B −511 polymorphisms were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification followed by restriction enzyme digestion and gel electrophoresis. Variable numbers of IL‐1RN tandem repeats were detected by PCR amplification and fragment‐size analysis.Results: The severity and extent of periodontitis was significantly greater in patients with diabetes than in patients without diabetes. No significant differences in IL‐1A −899, −1B +3954, or −1RN genotype frequencies were found between patients with diabetes and patients without diabetes. The IL‐1A −889 TT genotype (odds ratio [OR] = 2.90; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.20 to 7.02), IL‐1B +3954 TT genotype (OR = 3.54; 95% CI = 1.15 to 10.85), and IL‐1B −511 CC genotype (OR = 2.10; 95% CI = 1.25 to 3.58) were significantly associated with periodontitis. The presence of an IL‐1 positive genotype was significantly associated with periodontitis (OR = 1.61; 95% CI = 1.04 to 2.49). No interaction between smoking status and polymorphisms was found.Conclusions: Periodontitis was significantly associated with some IL‐1 gene polymorphisms. No association between diabetes and IL‐1A and −1B gene polymorphisms was found.
Treatment of Multiple Areas of Gingival Recession Using a Simple Harvesting Technique for Autogenous Connective Tissue Graft
Authors: McLeod Dwight E. , Reyes Elio , Branch‐Mays Grishondra 
Published: September 2009

Background: A clinical case is presented describing a simple approach to harvest a connective tissue graft from the palate. This technique involves partial palatal deepithelialization and procurement of a layer of thin and uniform abundant connective tissue to treat multiple areas of gingival recession.Methods: A 52‐year‐old European American male was referred for treatment of root sensitivity associated with gingival recession stemming from toothbrush abrasion. The areas of gingival recession associated with teeth #18 through #22 and teeth #27 through #31 were classified as Miller Class III gingival recession. A tunnel technique was planned for both areas in the mandible. The right palate, which served as the donor site, was deepithelialized, and a large connective tissue graft ∼1 mm thick was harvested. A periodontal probe was used to pass the graft through the tunnel, and the grafted areas were sutured using one or two vertical mattress sutures per interdental area.Results: The patient was followed until complete healing was achieved. At 3 months, there was improvement in gingival thickness, keratinized tissue width, and root coverage. Complete root coverage occurred in three of the 10 treated teeth, and the remaining teeth obtained 80% to 90% root coverage. The patient's root sensitivity symptoms were resolved.Conclusions: The technique is practical and simple to perform. This approach, involving partial palatal deepithelialization and the applied tunnel surgical procedure, resulted in a successful clinical outcome with increased gingival tissue thickness, keratinized tissue, and root coverage.
Variability of traits of growth and quality of pig carcass sides: Effect of the breed and sex
Authors: Pusic Milovan , Petrovic Milica 
Published: September 2009

Investigation of the phenotypic variability of traits of growth and carcass quality was carried out on 865 fatteners (394 female animals and 461 male castrated heads) originating from 29 sires (9 breeds-crossbreds: SL- Swedish Landrace, VJ- Large White, KL - Canadian Landrace, KJ - Canadian Yorkshire D - Duroc, KD - Canadian Duroc, H - Hempshire, Hempshire x Duroc, Pietrain x Duroc) and 197 dams ( pure breed, two and three breed crosses).	Investigation included following traits: age at slaughtering (UK), body mass at slaughtering (TMK), daily gain of body mass during life cycle (ZDP), mass of warm carcass sides (MTP), daily gain of carcass sides (DPP) quantity and content of meat in carcass sides (UKMP, USMP - according to Regulations,1985), total mass and ratio of leg+shoulder+loin (UMFO, UFO). Obtained results were processed using several models (Harvey, 1990) which included sire breed, dam breed, sex, age at slaughtering or mass of warm carcass (regression effect). Traits TMK, MTP, ZDP and DPP were regressed to average age at slaughtering (UK=224 days), and remaining traits to average mass of warm carcass sides (MTP=91,98 kg) All investigated traits varied under the influence of sire breed (P<0,01), however not under the influence of dam breed except UKMP and USMP (P<0,05, table 2). Statistically highly significant differences were determined in regard to average values of all traits between female animals and male castrated heads (P<0,01). All traits of carcass quality dependen on the mass of warm carcass sides (P<0,01). Greater body mass at slaughtering and same average age was determined for offspring of boars of following breeds: KD - Canadian Duroc, KL - Canadian Landrace, D - Duroc and KJ - Canadian Yorkshire since their growth was more intensive compared to average values of al other investigated fatteners. Offspring of boars of SL - Swedish Landrace, KL - Canadian Landrace and KD Canadian Duroc breeds had more meat in warm carcass sides (42,14 to 43,37%) compared to the general average (41,95%) determined for all investigated pure breed fatteners, as well as two, three and four breed crosses. The lowest quantity and content of meat was determined for offspring of Large White boars (37,65 kg and 41,01%). Gilts had lower ZDP and DPP and higher UKMP, USMP, UMFO and UFO compared to male castrated heads (table 4).
Statin Therapy and Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rajpathak Swapnil N. , Kumbhani Dharam J. , Crandall Jill , Barzilai Nir , Alderman Michael , Ridker Paul M. 
Published: September 2009

OBJECTIVE
Although statin therapy reduces cardiovascular risk, its relationship with the development of diabetes is controversial. The first study (West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study [WOSCOPS]) that evaluated this association reported a small protective effect but used nonstandardized criteria for diabetes diagnosis. However, results from subsequent hypothesis-testing trials have been inconsistent. The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the possible effect of statin therapy on incident diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A systematic literature search for randomized statin trials that reported data on diabetes through February 2009 was conducted using specific search terms. In addition to the hypothesis-generating data from WOSCOPS, hypothesis-testing data were available from the Heart Protection Study (HPS), the Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischemic Disease (LIPID) Study, the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial (ASCOT), the Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin (JUPITER), and the Controlled Rosuvastatin Multinational Study in Heart Failure (CORONA), together including 57,593 patients with mean follow-up of 3.9 years during which 2,082 incident diabetes cases accrued. Weighted averages were reported as risk ratios (RRs) with 95% CIs using a random-effects model. Statistical heterogeneity scores were assessed with the Q and I2 statistic.

RESULTS
In the meta-analysis of the hypothesis-testing trials, we observed a small increase in diabetes risk (RR 1.13 [95% CI 1.03–1.23]) with no evidence of heterogeneity across trials. However, this estimate was attenuated and no longer significant when the hypothesis-generating trial WOSCOPS was included (1.06 [0.93–1.25]) and also resulted in significant heterogeneity (Q 11.8 [5 d.f.], P = 0.03, I2 = 57.7%).

CONCLUSIONS
Although statin therapy greatly lowers vascular risk, including among those with and at risk for diabetes, the relationship of statin therapy to incident diabetes remains uncertain. Future statin trials should be designed to formally address this issue.
Workplace Noise Exposure After Modernisation of an Aluminium Processing Complex
Authors: Doko-Jelinić Jagoda , Lukić Jela , Udovičić Ružica , Žuškin Eugenija , Nola Iskra , Zajec Zdenko 
Published: September 2009

Workplace Noise Exposure After Modernisation of an Aluminium Processing ComplexThe aim of this study was to assess to which extent modernisation of an aluminium production complex reduced occupational noise hazard for jobs with the highest potential of exposure. Periodical measurements of noise level were taken at the same workplaces using the same method, before and after modernisation of all plants. The results were compared with the recommended standard. After modernisation, the noise was significantly reduced in all sections of all plants. The greatest reduction was measured in the foundry. After modernisation, the portion of workplaces with excessive noise level dropped significantly (chisquare=21.315; p<0.0001) from 78.4% to 13%. Noise remained a problem in ingot casting and dross skimming section. In the anode plant, noise remained a problem in the green mill section where noise intensities generated by mills and vibrocompactors varied from 95 dB(A) to 102 dB(A). In the electrolysis plant, the portion of workplaces with extensive noise dropped from 77.8% to 39.3% after modernisation (p=0.0019). Noise remains to be a problem at the anode covering section where levels rise up to 100 dB(A). The modernisation of the factory has considerably reduced the noise level in the working environment of all plants, but it can not be reduced completely.
In Vitro Genotoxicity of Wastewaters from the Town of Settat, Morocco
Authors: El Asslouj Jaouad , Amahdar Loubna , Glouib Kamal , Kholtei Sanae , El Amrani Paaza Namira , Verschaeve Luc , Hilali Abderraouf 
Published: September 2009

In Vitro Genotoxicity of Wastewaters from the Town of Settat, MoroccoIn recent years, the town of Settat has seen a considerable industrial growth, which has resulted in increased environmental pollution. This includes pollution by household and industrial wastewaters, which are released into the Boumoussa River without any preliminary treatment. The river valley crosses the community of Mzamza 8 km to the north of the town. Years of drought forced members of the community to use this polluted ground water for irrigation and put themselves and the environment at risk.The aim of this study was to determine the physicochemical and metal profile of Settat wastewaters and to assess their impact on the water table. The second objective was to investigate the genotoxic potential of wastewater on human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro, using the micronucleus test and cellular proliferation index.This study demonstrated significant pollution of Boumoussa valley groundwater and of the local wells. Sampled water induced a clear increase in the frequency of micronucleated cells and a lower cell proliferation in human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro.