bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of life and psychosocial functioning of spouse/partner caregivers before and after liver transplantation
Authors: Rodrigue James R. , Dimitri Noelle , Reed Amanda , Antonellis Timothy , Hanto Douglas W. , Curry Michael 
Published: February 2010

Rodrigue JR, Dimitri N, Reed A, Antonellis T, BA, Hanto DW, Curry M. Quality of life and psychosocial functioning of spouse/partner caregivers before and after liver transplantation.  Clin Transplant 2011: 25: 239–247. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Spouse/partner caregivers of liver transplant (LTx) patients play an important role both before and after transplantation. However, very little research has examined the quality of life (QOL), caregiving strain, and psychological functioning of these caregivers. In this study, we examined these outcomes and their correlates in 86 (49 pre‐LTx, 38 post‐LTx) spouse/partner caregivers. The physical QOL of caregivers was not impaired, and numerous caregiving benefits were identified (e.g., realizing what is important in life, discovering one’s own inner strength, giving emotional support to the patient). However, a relatively high proportion of both pre‐LTx and post‐LTx caregivers had clinically low mental QOL (29% and 35%, respectively), low life satisfaction (45% and 32%, respectively), and high caregiving strain (59% and 81%, respectively). Both pre‐ and post‐LTx caregivers, particularly women, had more total mood disturbance than a normative sample. Higher caregiving strain was significantly correlated with lower mental QOL, lower life satisfaction, and more mood disturbance. Overall, findings suggest that caregiving strain is prominent through the LTx spectrum. There is a need for prospective research to identify the patterns of caregiver outcomes over time and to examine the benefits of clinical interventions for caregivers.
Introgressive hybridization between two Iberian endemic cyprinid fish: a comparison between two independent hybrid zones
Authors: ABOIM M. A. , MAVÁREZ J. , BERNATCHEZ L. , COELHO M. M. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract Pseudochondrostoma duriense and Achondrostoma oligolepis are two Iberian endemic cyprinid fish species that occur in sympatry over most of their distribution range and that are suspected to hybridize in nature. Here, we employed a combination of mitochondrial and microsatellite markers to explore the extent of introgressive hybridization between these fishes. Two natural hybrid zones were identified in different river basins. Introgression was bi‐directional and both hybrid zones consisted mostly of parental genotypes/phenotypes (i.e. bimodal hybrid zones). Yet, they appeared to differ in the extent and direction of introgression, which supports the view that they constitute independent outcomes of different hybridization processes probably influenced by environmental features. Several discordances were found between mtDNA and microsatellite results, suggesting that this hybridization process has complex consequences and illustrating the importance of using independent markers to define accurately the hybrid status of individuals in the presence of high levels of backcrossing.
HUMAN CLONING THROUGH THE EYES OF MUSLIM SCHOLARS: THE NEW PHENOMENON OF THE ISLAMIC INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOSCIENTIFIC INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Ghaly Mohammed 
Published: February 2010

Abstract.In the wake of the February 1997 announcement that Dolly the sheep had been cloned, Muslim religious scholars together with Muslim scientists held two conferences to discuss cloning from an Islamic perspective. They were organized by two influential Islamic international religioscientific institutions: the Islamic Organization of Medical Sciences (IOMS) and the International Islamic Fiqh Academy (IIFA). Both institutions comprise a large number of prominent religious scholars and well‐known scientists who participated in the discussions at the conferences. This article gives a comprehensive analysis of these conferences, the relation between science and religion as reflected in the discussions there, and the further influence of these discussions on Muslims living in the West. Modern discussions on Islamic bioethics show that formulating an Islamic perspective on these issues is not the exclusive prerogative of religious scholars. Formulating such perspectives has become a collective process in which scientists play an essential role. Such a collective approach strengthens the religious authority of Muslim scholars and makes it more influential rather than undermining it.
“THEISTIC PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY”: A THEOLOGICAL AND SCIENTIFIC CRITIQUE
Authors: Helminiak Daniel A. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract.I take the APA publicationA Spiritual Strategy for Counseling and Psychotherapy(Richards and Bergin 2005), along with a devoted issue ofJournal of Psychology and Theology(Nelson and Slife 2006), as a paradigmatic example of a trend. Other instances include the uncritical use of “Eastern” philosophy in Humanistic and Transpersonal Psychology, almost normative appeal to the “Sacred” within the psychology of spirituality, talk of “God in the brain” within neurological research, the neologismentheogenreferring to psychedelic drugs, and calls for new specializations such asneurotheologyandtheobiology.In response to the legitimate ethical requirements of respect and openness regarding clients' religious worldviews, the trend is to make God an essential component in psychological theory. The argument is that God is active in the universe and especially in human affairs to such an extent that any accurate account of strictly psychological matters, not just a comprehensive, interdisciplinary purview that could include a distinct theological dimension, must include God as an explanatory factor. Less nuanced than standard theological thought about divine intervention—including a range of opinions from supernaturalism, to occasionalism, to providential and deistic naturalism—this trend would blur the epistemological differences between religion and science by appeal to claimed knowledge sources such as inspiration and revelation and thus undermine the achievements of evidence‐based science and establish particularistic religious beliefs as standard explanatory accounts. The concern to include a spiritual, in contrast to a religious or theist, dimension in psychological theory is welcome; but elaborated approaches, such as my own and those of Roberto Assagioli, Viktor Frankl, and Ken Wilber, open to varied theological applications, already exist.
GOD AS A COMMUNICATIVE SYSTEMSUI GENERIS: BEYOND THE PSYCHIC, SOCIAL, PROCESS MODELS OF THE TRINITY
Authors: Moon Young Bin 
Published: February 2010

Abstract.With an aim to develop a public theology for an age of information media (or media theology), this article proposes a new God‐concept: God is a communicative systemsui generisthat autopoietically processes meaning/information in the supratemporal realm via perfect divine mediaad intra(Word/Spirit). For this task, Niklas Luhmann's systems theory is critically appropriated in dialogue with theology. First, my working postmetaphysical/epistemological stance is articulated as realistic operational constructivism and functionalism. Second, a series of arguments are advanced to substantiate the thesis: (1) God is an observing systemsui generis; (2) self‐referential communication is divine operation; (3) unsurpassable complexity is divine mystery; (4) supratemporal autopoiesis of meaning is divine processing; (5) agape is the symbolic medium of divine communication. Third, this communicative model of God is developed into a trinitarian theology, with a claim that this model offers a viable alternative beyond the standard (psychic, social, process) models. Finally, some implications of this model are explored for constructive theology (conceiving creation as divine mediatization) and for science‐and‐religion in terms of derivative models: (1) God as a living systemsui generisand (2) God as a meaning systemsui generis.
MARTIN LUTHER'S EXPERIENTIAL THEOLOGY AS A MODEL FOR FAITH‐SCIENCE RELATIONSHIPS
Authors: Nürnberger Klaus 
Published: February 2010

Abstract.The approach of experiential realism could indicate where science and faith deal with the same reality, where science questions faith assumptions, and where faith goes beyond the mandate and method of science. Although prescientific, Martin Luther's theology is the classical prototype of an experiential theology. We experience God's creative power in all of reality. We discern its regularities through observation and reason. So faith opens up all the space needed by science. However, experienced reality is highly ambiguous. It obscures God's intentions. God's intentions are revealed in the proclamation of the gospel: God is unconditionally for us and with us and not against us. This proclamation is a promise, appropriated in faith, and geared to a vision of what ought to become. It is based on the interpretation of a catastrophe—the cross of Christ—as God's pivotal redemptive act in human history. It goes beyond the mandate and method of science, yet it is capable of giving the latter a sense of purpose, criteria of acceptability, and authority to act in the interests of humanity and the earth. Theology challenges science to acknowledge the necessity of a transcendent frame of reference and moral accountability. Scientific insight challenges theology to reconceptualize its assumptions on God, creation, and eschatology to integrate best science.
European Federation of Neurological Societies/Peripheral Nerve Society Guideline on management of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy: Report of a joint task force of the European Federation of Neurological Societies and the Peripheral Nerve Society — First Revision
Authors: Van den Bergh P. Y. K. , Hadden R. D. M. , Bouche P. , Cornblath D. R. , Hahn A. , Illa I. , Koski C. L. , Léger J.‐M. , Nobile‐Orazio E. , Pollard J. , Sommer C. , Van Doorn P. A. , Van Schaik I. N. 
Published: February 2010

Background:  Consensus guidelines on the definition, investigation, and treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) have been previously published in European Journal of Neurology and Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System.Objectives:  To revise these guidelines.Methods:  Disease experts, including a representative of patients, considered references retrieved from MEDLINE and Cochrane Systematic Reviews published between August 2004 and July 2009 and prepared statements that were agreed in an iterative fashion.Recommendations:  The Task Force agreed on Good Practice Points to define clinical and electrophysiological diagnostic criteria for CIDP with or without concomitant diseases and investigations to be considered. The principal treatment recommendations were: (i) intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) (Recommendation Level A) or corticosteroids (Recommendation Level C) should be considered in sensory and motor CIDP; (ii) IVIg should be considered as the initial treatment in pure motor CIDP (Good Practice Point); (iii) if IVIg and corticosteroids are ineffective, plasma exchange (PE) should be considered (Recommendation Level A); (iv) if the response is inadequate or the maintenance doses of the initial treatment are high, combination treatments or adding an immunosuppressant or immunomodulatory drug should be considered (Good Practice Point); (v) symptomatic treatment and multidisciplinary management should be considered (Good Practice Point).
Effect of chronic mild stress and imipramine on the proteome of the rat dentate gyrus
Authors: Kedracka‐Krok Sylwia , Fic Ewelina , Jankowska Urszula , Jaciuk Marcin , Gruca Piotr , Papp Mariusz , Kusmider Maciej , Solich Joanna , Debski Janusz , Dadlez Michal , Dziedzicka‐Wasylewska Marta 
Published: February 2010

J. Neurochem. (2010) 113, 848–859.AbstractThe present study uses a proteomic approach to examine possible alterations of protein expression in the hippocampus of rats that are subjected to chronic mild stress (CMS). These rats serve as an animal model that was developed to mimic anhedonia, which is one of the core symptoms of depression. As antidepressant treatment is effective after a few weeks of administration, we also aimed to identify changes that were linked to chronic (once daily for 4 weeks) and ‘pulse’ (once a week) administration of imipramine. Fifteen differential proteins were identified with 2D electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometry. Although both methods of imipramine administration restored normal sucrose consumption in rats that were subjected to CMS, the molecular mechanisms of these two therapies were different. CMS‐induced changes in the levels of dynactin 2, Ash 2, non‐neuronal SNAP25 and alpha‐enolase were reversed by chronic imipramine, but ‘pulse’ treatment was not that effective.
New observations and reinterpretation on the enigmatic taxonColombitherium(?Pyrotheria, Mammalia) from Colombia
Authors: BILLET GUILLAUME , ORLIAC MAËVA , ANTOINE PIERRE‐OLIVIER , JARAMILLO CARLOS 
Published: February 2010

Abstract: The controversial taxonColombitherium tolimense(Mammalia) (probably Late Eocene in age) from Colombia, although known for nearly 40 years, still bears much mystery. Aside from the problematic ordinal attribution of the holotype and only specimen, its determination as an upper or lower jaw remains a highly debated issue. New observations include the presence of a contact facet on the distal face of the most posterior tooth, which indicates that the fragmentary jaw preserves three premolars and two molars; the M3, unpreserved but present, being most probably reduced. This new interpretation completely fits the morphology of the teeth. Furthermore, the shape of these latter and the deeper wear encompassed by their lingual part relative to the labial one is typical of upper dentition. This is in agreement with the internal curving of the roots of the anterior premolars and with several other arguments that lead interpreting the holotype ofC. tolimenseas a maxillary bearing P2‐M2. This new interpretation deepens the morphological gap betweenColombitheriumand other pyrotherians (exceptProticia) and challenges further its referral to Pyrotheria. The peculiar morphology ofColombitheriumrelative to other pyrotherians is indeed striking. In fact,Colombitheriumhas nothing in common with pyrotherians but bilophodont cheek teeth, a feature largely widespread in placental mammals. It is here referred to ?Pyrotheria until additional evidence of its relationships is known. Associated with the putative removal ofProticiafrom Pyrotheria as argued by some authors, the hypothetical removal ofColombitheriumfrom the order would adjust the widely accepted assumption that the pyrotherian bilophodont cheek teeth originated from bunodont cheek teeth. It would also make an origin from lophodont forms plausible. This in turn would have critical relevance, especially to the hypothesis that pyrotherians are notoungulates.
Quality Management and Cooperative Values: Investigation of Multilevel Influences on Workgroup Performance
Authors: Kull Thomas J. , Narasimhan Ram 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACTUnsuccessful quality initiatives often are attributed to an organizational culture that does not recognize the importance of the cooperative values that underlie “soft” quality management practices, like customer focus and empowerment. Yet, the literature remains unclear as to how quality management and cooperative values interrelate by failing to incorporate the multilevel influences on this relationship in organizations. This research analyzes a multilevel model based on sociotechnical systems and quality management theories. Secondary data are used to test an explanation of how organizational‐level and workgroup‐level quality management practices relate to cooperative cultural values and workgroup performance. A single‐level model is also tested to demonstrate its inadequacies. Based upon the support for a multilevel model, managerial insights are provided that aid in deciding where resources should be allocated during a quality initiative.
Normative dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry data in Swedish children and adolescents
Authors: Alwis Gayani , Rosengren Björn , Stenevi‐Lundgren Susanna , Düppe Henrik , Sernbo Ingemar , Karlsson Magnus K 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAim:  To present normative dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry data in healthy young Swedes.Methods:  Included were 710 girls and 759 boys aged 6–30 years from southern Sweden. Bone mineral content, bone mineral density, bone size, lean body and fat mass were measured by dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry in total body, lumbar spine, hip, arms and legs.Results:  Swedish children had similar bone mass to children in the Netherlands but higher than children in Canada and Korea. Height, weight, bone mass, bone size and lean mass increased at a constant rate from age 6 until the rapid increase in all traits at puberty. The pubertal growth spurt started earlier in girls than in boys, while the spurt in boys was larger in magnitude and occurred for a longer period. Around one‐quarter of the adult total body and lumbar spine peak bone mineral content was gained during the 2 years with the fastest gain in both genders.Conclusion:  This study presents normative bone mass data in Swedish children, data that are similar to that in Dutch children but higher than in Canadian and Korean children. The gain in Swedish children seems to mimic the gain seen in children in other settings.
Feedback Concept in the Ore‐forming Systems
Authors: Shahabpour Jamshid 
Published: February 2010

AbstractFeedback, one of the most fundamental processes existing in nature, is present in almost all dynamic systems. Feedback concepts have been utilized almost exclusively by engineers. Nevertheless, this theory is applicable to formulating and solving problems in geology, particularly in the ore‐forming systems. Feedback is distinctly operative in the generation of two groups of mineral deposits: (i) Mineral deposits showing rhythmic structures/textures, such as layered chromite deposits, re‐opened veins with banded structure/texture, Mississippi Valley‐type deposits with alternate bands/crusts of barite and galena, proximal volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits with mineralized layers of breccia clasts, and banded iron formations with alternate silica and magnetite and/or hematite bands, and (ii) mineral deposits lacking visible rhythmic structures/textures, but showing evidence of rhythmic process(es), such as in porphyry base metal deposits. There is an alternation of positive and negative feedback mechanisms in the ore‐forming systems discussed here, which implies the involvement of feedback loops of negative sign.
Enhancing the Foster Care Review Process: The Case of Kentucky's Interested Party Review Program
Authors: Bryan Valerie , Collins‐Camargo Crystal , Rhee Stephanie 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACTIn order to promote timely permanency for children in out‐of‐home care, citizen foster care review programs employ volunteers to monitor progress for children in the child welfare system. In addition to case file reviews, Kentucky implemented an Interested Party Review system in which foster care review board members meet with family members and child welfare staff in order to glean more detailed and multi‐faceted information to submit to the court. This article describes a mixed‐methods program evaluation demonstrating the contribution of such a review process to judicial decision making and child outcome, as well as recommendations for program improvement.
Pharmacokinetics of Clindamycin in Pregnant Women in the Peripartum Period
Authors: Muller Anouk E. , Mouton Johan W. , Oostvogel Paul M. , Dörr P. Joep , Voskuyl Rob A. , DeJongh Joost , Steegers Eric A. P. , Danhof Meindert 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACTThe study presented here was performed to determine the pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered clindamycin in pregnant women. Seven pregnant women treated with clindamycin were recruited. Maternal blood and arterial and venous umbilical cord blood samples were obtained. Maternal clindamycin concentrations were analyzed by nonlinear mixed-effects modeling with the NONMEM program. The data were best described by a linear three-compartment model. The clearance and the volume of distribution at steady state were 10.0 liters/h and 6.32 × 103liters, respectively. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to determine the area under the concentration curve (AUC) for the free (unbound) drug (f) in maternal serum for 24 h divided by the MIC (fAUC0-24/MIC). At a MIC of 0.5 mg/liter, which is the EUCAST breakpoint, the attainment at the lower 95% confidence interval (CI) was 24.6 if the level of protein binding was 65%, and this value concurred well with the target value of 27. However, for higher degrees of protein binding, as has been described in the literature, the attainment was lower, down to 10.2 for a protein binding level of 85% (lower 95% CI). The concentrations in umbilical cord blood were lower than those in maternal blood. The concentration-time profiles in maternal serum indicate that the level of exposure to clindamycin may be too low in these patients. Together with the lower concentrations in umbilical cord blood, this finding suggests that the current dosing regimen may not be adequate to protect all neonates from group B streptococcal disease.
Compensation of Fitness Costs and Reversibility of Antibiotic Resistance Mutations
Authors: Schulz zur Wiesch Pia , Engelstädter Jan , Bonhoeffer Sebastian 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACTStrains of bacterial pathogens that have acquired mutations conferring antibiotic resistance often have a lower growth rate and are less invasive or transmissible initially than their susceptible counterparts. However, fitness costs of resistance mutations can be ameliorated by secondary site mutations. These so-called compensatory mutations may restore fitness in the absence and/or presence of antimicrobials. We review literature data and show that the fitness gains in the absence and presence of antibiotic treatment need not be correlated. The aim of this study is to gain a better conceptual grasp of how compensatory mutations with different fitness gains affect evolutionary trajectories, in particular reversibility. To this end, we developed a theoretical model with which we consider both a resistance and a compensation locus. We propose an intuitively understandable parameterization for the fitness values of the four resulting genotypes (wild type, resistance mutation only, compensatory mutation only, and both mutations) in the absence and presence of treatment. The differential fitness gains, together with the turnover rate and the mutation rate, strongly affected the success of antibacterial treatment, reversibility, and long-term abundance of resistant strains. We therefore propose that experimental studies of compensatory mutations should include fitness measurements of all possible genotypes in both the absence and presence of an antibiotic.