bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid Determination of Nitroimidazole Residues in Honey by Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Kanda Maki , Sasamoto Takeo , Takeba Kazue , Hayashi Hiroshi , Kusano Tomoko , Matsushima Yoko , Nakajima Takayuki , Kanai Setsuko , Takano Ichiro 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
We developed a rapid and efficient means of determining residues of four nitroimidazoles—i.e., dimetridazole, ipronidazole, metronidazole, and ronidazole—and three hydrophilic metabolites—i.e., 2-hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole, 1-methyl-2-(2′-hydroxyisopropyl)-5-nitroimidazole, and 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-hydroxymethyl-nitroimidazole—in honey. We applied a QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) procedure improved to suit a nitroimidazole analysis, which is fast (approximately 30 min) and uses less organic solvent. The procedure involves initial single-phase extraction of 5 g of honey with acetonitrile containing 1% acetic acid, followed by liquid–liquid partitioning involving the addition of 5 g sodium chloride, 1.5 g trisodium citrate dihydrate, and 4 g magnesium sulfate. Moreover, matrix from honey was reduced by an SPE method with an alumina-N cartridge. The samples were analyzed using LC/MS/MS. Chromatographic separation of these nitroimidazoles and metabolites was performed in the gradient mode on a pentafluorophenylpropyl-bonded silica column (150 × 2.0 mm, 3 μm particle size) at 40°C. The mobile phase consisted of a 0.01% acetic acid solution and acetonitrile, and the flow rate was 0.2 mL/min. The method was validated using honey spiked with these nitroimidazoles from 0.1 to 0.5 μg/kg. The overall recovery of the seven nitroimidazoles ranged from 76.1 to 98.5%; intra- and interassay CV values were &lt;9.5 and &lt;14.2%, respectively. The LOQ ranged from 0.1 to 0.5 μg/kg. LC/MS/MS coupled with the QuEChERS method showed good potential as a method for determining nitroimidazole residues in honey.
HILIC-MS/MS Method for the Quantitation of Nucleotides in Infant Formula and Adult Nutritional Formula: First Action 2011.21
Authors: Inoue Koichi , Dowell Dawn 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Official Method SM 2011.21 is for the quantitation of the following nucleotides: adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP), guanosine 5′-monophosphate (GMP), uridine 5′-monophosphate (UMP), cytidine 5′-monophosphate (CMP), and inosine 5′-monophosphate (IMP) in infant formula and adult/pediatric nutritional formula. It uses hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS). Preparation of the internal standards was conducted using centrifugal ultrafiltration and the standards are AMP-13C10, 15N5; GMP-13C10, 15N5; UMP-13C9, 15N2; and CMP-13C9, 15N3. Data were collected by using multiple reaction monitoring of the product ions of protonated molecules of the five nucleotides generated by positive-electrospray ionization. The HILIC conditions were conducted with ammonium formate (30 mmol/L) in water (pH 2.5, adjusted with formic acid) and methanol. The LOD and LOQ of the standard solution were 0.005–0.01 and 0.01–0.03 μg/mL, respectively. Recovery data were collected for intraday and interday testing and ranged from 98.1 to 108.9% with an RSD of 0.7–5.4%. The analytical range of the method is between 0.04 to 5 μg/mL for standard solution.
Topological Indexes and QSRR Methodology in Pharmaceutical and Chemical Analysis
Authors: Pyka Alina 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
This paper presents an assessment of the possibility of using topological indexes and related structural descriptors in TLC, HPLC, GC, micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC), and capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) techniques. Every work quoted is a new aspect of the use of topological indexes. Data from the scientific literature indicate that the topological indexes discussed can be used to predict and describe retention and lipophilic parameters obtained by TLC, HPLC, GC, MEKC, and CZE for different classes of organic compounds including drugs. The results presented indicate that the topological indexes and other structural descriptors have significance in analytical investigations of organic compounds. This review indicates that further investigations on the application of the topological indexes in TLC, HPLC, GC, MEKC, and CZE are justifiable.
Evaluating Intensity, Complexity, and Potential for Causal Inference in Social Needs Interventions
Authors: Viswanathan Meera , Kennedy Sara M. , Sathe Nila , Eder Michelle L. , Ng Valerie , Kugley Shannon , Lewis Megan A. , Gottlieb Laura M. 
Published: June 2024

ImportanceInterventions that address needs such as low income, housing instability, and safety are increasingly appearing in the health care sector as part of multifaceted efforts to improve health and health equity, but evidence relevant to scaling these social needs interventions is limited.ObjectiveTo summarize the intensity and complexity of social needs interventions included in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and assess whether these RCTs were designed to measure the causal effects of intervention components on behavioral, health, or health care utilization outcomes.Evidence ReviewThis review of a scoping review was based on a Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute–funded evidence map of English-language US-based RCTs of social needs interventions published between January 1, 1995, and April 6, 2023. Studies were assessed for features related to intensity (defined using modal values as providing as-needed interaction, 8 participant contacts or more, contacts occurring every 2 weeks or more often, encounters of 30 minutes or longer, contacts over 6 months or longer, or home visits), complexity (defined as addressing multiple social needs, having dedicated staff, involving multiple intervention components or practitioners, aiming to change multiple participant behaviors [knowledge, action, or practice], requiring or providing resources or active assistance with resources, and permitting tailoring), and the ability to assess causal inferences of components (assessing interventions, comparators, and context).FindingsThis review of a scoping review of social needs interventions identified 77 RCTs in 93 publications with a total of 135 690 participants. Most articles (68 RCTs [88%]) reported 1 or more features of high intensity. All studies reported 1 or more features indicative of high complexity. Because most studies compared usual care with multicomponent interventions that were moderately or highly dependent on context and individual factors, their designs permitted causal inferences about overall effectiveness but not about individual components.Conclusions and RelevanceSocial needs interventions are complex, intense, and include multiple components. Our findings suggest that RCTs of these interventions address overall intervention effectiveness but are rarely designed to distinguish the causal effects of specific components despite being resource intensive. Future studies with hybrid effectiveness-implementation and sequential designs, and more standardized reporting of intervention intensity and complexity could help stakeholders assess the return on investment of these interventions.
Successful conservation translocation: Population dynamics of tiger recovery in Panna Tiger Reserve, Central India
Authors: Dutta Supratim , Krishnamurthy Ramesh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Tiger (Panthera tigris) is an indicator species of ecological health and conservation efforts. Due to poaching and other causes, the tiger became locally extinct in Panna Tiger Reserve, Central India. Subsequent reintroduction efforts have brought the species back from the extinction and have demonstrated the success of conservation translocations in response to such critical situations.

We studied the demographic characteristics of the reintroduced tiger population based on an ensemble approach of different sampling techniques and direct observations from a long‐term dataset spanning more than 10 years. We evaluated different demographic indicators (population status, growth rate, mean litter size, inter‐birth interval and survival probability).

Since reintroduction in 2009 and until the reporting period, 18 females have recruited 120 cubs from 45 litters. This led to 59 individuals in 2021 with a growth rate of ~26%. The mean litter size was 2.66 (SE 0.1), and the inter‐birth interval was 19.16 months (SE 0.5). The high survival rate of the reintroduced population (0.82 ± 0.2) helped to achieve the success of reintroduction. We observed non‐constant mortality trajectories for both sexes (higher survival probabilities for females) with a moderately higher risk of death in younger (<1 year) and older (>10 years) individuals.

Our results showed the effectiveness of translocation and conservation efforts. The recovered population can be used as a founder for augmentation in other recovering tiger populations. A long‐term tiger‐centric management plan should be implemented in the area adjacent to Panna Tiger Reserve to conserve and secure the habitat of the entire landscape for the long‐term survival of the reintroduced population in a metapopulation framework.
Arbitrary Construction of Versatile NIR‐Driven Microrobots
Authors: Li Wanyuan , Liu Baiyao , Ou Leyan , Li Gangzhou , Lei Dapeng , Xiong Ze , Xu Huihua , Wang Jizhuang , Tang Jinyao , Li Dan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEmerging light‐driven micro/nanorobots (LMNRs) showcase profound potential for sophisticated manipulation and various applications. However, the realization of a versatile and straightforward fabrication technique remains a challenging pursuit. This study introduces an innovative bulk heterojunction organic semiconductor solar cell (OSC)‐based spin‐coating approach, aiming to facilitate the arbitrary construction of LMNRs. Leveraging the distinctive properties of a near‐infrared (NIR)‐responsive organic semiconductor heterojunction solution, this technique enables uniform coating across various dimensional structures (0D, 1D, 2D, 3D) to be LMNRs, denoted as “motorization.” The film, with a slender profile measuring ≈140 nm in thickness, effectively preserves the original morphology of objects while imparting actuation capabilities exceeding hundreds of times their own weight. The propelled motion of these microrobots is realized through NIR‐driven photoelectrochemical reaction‐induced self‐diffusiophoresis, showcasing a versatile array of controllable motion profiles. The strategic customization of arbitrary microrobot construction addresses specific applications, ranging from 0D microrobots inducing living crystal formation to intricate, multidimensional structures designed for tasks such as microplastic extraction, cargo delivery, and phototactic precise maneuvers. This study advances user‐friendly and versatile LMNR technologies, unlocking new possibilities for various applications, signaling a transformative era in multifunctional micro/nanorobot technologies.
Linear Dichroism Conversion in Quasi‐1D Weyl Semimetal (TaSe4)2I Crystal with Giant Optical Anisotropy
Authors: Wei Limei , Zhang Qing , Wang Shilei , Ma Yiran , Wang Ziming , Xia Fangfang , Zhai Tianyou , Yuan Hongtao , Liu Xiaohui , Tao Xutang , Wang Shanpeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe LD conversion offers great potential in providing an additional degree of freedom that may be beneficial to novel polarization‐wavelength‐selective detectors and optical switching. However, conventional crystals with optical anisotropy typically show unidirectional LD over a broad wavelength range and the materials with LD conversion behavior remain scarce. Here, by combining angle‐resolved polarized optical absorption measurements and theoretical calculations, this study demonstrates that quasi‐1D Weyl semimetal (TaSe4)2I single crystal shows unique LD conversion phenomenon at the wavelength of 1064 nm. Meanwhile, (TaSe4)2I persists giant linear optical anisotropy due to the intrinsic feature of 1D [TaSe4] chains along the c‐axis. Additionally, the (TaSe4)2I nanoribbon exhibits anisotropic second harmonic generation (SHG). These results hold significant importance to facilitate the development of topological photonics and novel photonic devices applications based on topological semimetals.
Benchmarking Methanophosphocines as Versatile PIII/PV Redox Organocatalysts
Authors: Mele Lucas , El Bekri Saudain Raphael , Pirat Jean‐Luc , Tomás‐Mendivil Eder , Martin David , Virieux David , Ayad Tahar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPIII/PV redox cycling has recently emerged as a valuable strategy to minimized the chemical waste generated by phosphine‐mediated reaction, as well as enabling asymmetric transformation. In this article, we detail our contribution to this field by designing a series of diversely functionalized, electron‐rich bridgehead phosphine oxides with structural features that make them well‐suited as PIII/PV redox organocatalysts. Their catalytic performance has been assessed in various model reactions, including Wittig or Staudinger reactions, along with the reduction of activated alkenes and allenes. For each of these scenarios, we performed a comparative analysis with existing catalysts in order to demonstrate the applicability and limitation of methanophosphocines.
Tryptophan As a New Member of RNA‐Induced Silencing Complexes Prevents Colon Cancer Liver Metastasis
Authors: Xu Fangyi , Ren Yi , Teng Yun , Mu Jingyao , Tang Jie , Sundaram Kumaran , Zhang Lifeng , Park Juw Won , Hwang Jae Yeon , Yan Jun , Dryden Gerald , Zhang Huang‐Ge 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEssential amino acids (EAA) and microRNAs (miRs) control biological activity of a cell. Whether EAA regulates the activity of miR has never been demonstrated. Here, as proof‐of‐concept, a tryptophan (Trp, an EAA) complex containing Argonaute 2 (Ago2) and miRs including miR‐193a (Trp/Ago2/miR‐193a) is identified. Trp binds miR‐193a‐3p and interacts with Ago2. Trp/Ago2/miR‐193a increases miR‐193a‐3p activity via enhancing Argonaute 2 (Ago2) RNase activity. Other miRs including miR‐103 and miR‐107 in the Trp complex enhance miR‐193a activity by targeting the same genes. Mechanistically, the Trp/Ago2/miR‐193a complex interacts with Trp‐binding pockets of the PIWI domain of Ago2 to enhance Ago2 mediated miR activity. This newly formed Ago2/Trp/miR‐193a‐3p complex is more efficient than miR‐193a‐3p alone in inhibiting the expression of targeted genes and inhibiting colon cancer liver metastasis. The findings show that Trp regulates miR activity through communication with the RNA‐induced silencing complexes (RISC), which provides the basis for tryptophan based miR therapy.
Bimolecular Crystallization Modulation Boosts the Efficiency and Stability of Methylammonium‐Free Tin–Lead Perovskite and All‐Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Jianan , Pan Yongyan , Zhou Zheng , Zhou Qisen , Liu Sanwan , Zhang Jiaqi , Shi Chenyang , Chen Rui , Zhao Zhengjing , Cai Zihe , Qin Xiaojun , Zhao Zhiguo , Yang Zhichun , Liu Zonghao , Chen Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe elimination of methylammonium (MA) cation from mixed tin–lead (Sn–Pb) narrow‐bandgap (NBG) perovskites is an effective approach to enhance the operational stability of all‐perovskite tandem solar cells (TSCs). Unfortunately, the uncontrolled nucleation and crystallization processes of MA‐free Sn–Pb perovskites usually lead to inferior film quality and device performance. Herein, a bimolecular crystallization modulation strategy is reported by using guanidine thiocyanate (GuaSCN) and aminoacetamide hydrochloride (AHC) together as additives to improve the film quality of MA‐free Sn–Pb perovskites. It is demonstrated that the use of bimolecular additives can effectively improve the crystallinity, increase the grain size, and induce a preferred (100) orientation for the corresponding films, leading to high‐quality absorber with considerably reduced defect density and suppressed non‐radiative recombination. In addition, the bimolecular additives can reduce the self‐p‐doping hole concentration within the perovskite films and enhance the charge extraction at the perovskite/electron transport layer interface. The modified NBG perovskite solar cells deliver a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.14%. Coupled with the wide‐bandgap (WBG) subcell, the all‐perovskite TSCs give a champion certified PCE of 27.15%, which is the highest certified PCE for MA‐free all‐perovskite TSCs. Encapsulated tandem devices maintain 90% of the initial PCE after 473 h operation.
Modified oral antibiotics and mechanical bowel preparation (OAMBP) versus conventional OAMBP for sigmoid colon and rectal surgery: A multicenter randomized non‐inferiority trial
Authors: Arai Sodai , Hanaoka Marie , Yamauchi Shinichi , Baba Hironobu , Hanazawa Ryoichi , Sato Hiroyuki , Hirakawa Akihiro , Tokunaga Masanori , Kinugasa Yusuke 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate whether the use of a laxative with reduced patient burden in oral antibiotics and mechanical bowel preparation (OAMBP) could prevent surgical site infection (SSI) in left‐sided colon and rectal cancers.MethodsThis multicenter, non‐blinded, randomized, non‐inferiority trial included patients who underwent elective colorectal surgery for colorectal cancer in a university and community hospital in Japan from April 1, 2021 to March 31, 2023. We compared conventional OAMBP (polyethylene glycol, metronidazole, and kanamycin) (cOAMBP group) with modified OAMBP (sodium picosulfate hydrate, metronidazole, and kanamycin) (mOAMBP group). The primary outcome was overall incidence of SSI. Secondary outcomes were postoperative complications, degree of patient burden, and intraoperative bowel dilatation.ResultsAmong 119 patients, 112 were randomly assigned to the two groups, with 56 patients in each group. SSI occurred in three (5.4%) and five patients (8.3%) in the mOAMBP and cOAMBP groups, respectively (90% confidence interval [CI]: −12.8–5.3), with a 15% margin of non‐inferiority. Anastomotic leakage occurred in no patient in the mOAMBP group and three patients (5.4%) in the cOAMBP group (p = 0.24). The cOAMBP group reported significantly more pain than the mOAMBP group (50 [90.9%] vs. 7 [12.5%] participants). The mOAMBP group showed significantly lesser bowel dilatation than the cOAMBP group (1 [1.8%] vs. 21 [37.5%] participants).ConclusionmOAMBP is safe and less burdensome, can reduce intraoperative bowel dilatation, and is non‐inferior compared with cOAMBP in preventing SSI. Therefore, mOAMBP may be more suitable for sigmoid colon and rectal cancer.Trial RegistrationUMIN000043162 (http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/). Registered on January 28, 2021.
Coupled Electron‐ and Ion‐Transfer Processes at a Liquid/Liquid Interface Decorated with Photoactive Nanomaterials
Authors: Rastgar Shokoufeh , Wittstock Gunther 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe influence of the ion transfer on photoinduced electron transfer (ET) reactions was studied on the surface of hyperbranched semiconducting BiVO4 particles spontaneously adsorbed at the liquid‐liquid (L/L) interface between an aqueous LiCl solution and bis(triphenylphosphoranylidene) ammonium tetrakis(pentaflurophenyl)borate (BATB) in 1,2‐dichlorethane. The organic electrolyte was supplemented with [Co(bpy)3](PF6)3 to accept photoexcited electrons from BiVO4 under formation of the corresponding Co(II) complex. The L/L interface was stabilized at the orifice of a micropipette (MP) and allowed to record ion transfer cyclic voltammetry (ITCV) by applying a Galvani potential difference
between two reference electrodes in the electrolyte solutions with intermittent illumination by visible light (λ>420 nm). The photogenerated holes caused oxidation of water to O2. Co(II) and O2 were detected at constant
at an amperometric microelectrode (ME) facing the orifice of the MP in either the organic or the aqueous electrolyte. The overall current exhibits a photocurrent only in the
‐range, in which the IT of PF6− is kinetically limited. The amperometric detection of photogenerated products followed the same pattern as the photocurrent in the total current.
Visible‐Light‐Mediated Activation of Remote C(sp3)−H Bonds by Carbon‐Centered Biradical via Intramolecular 1,5‐ or 1,6‐Hydrogen Atom Transfer
Authors: Gu Xintao , Shen Jiahao , Xu Ziyu , Liu Jiaxin , Shi Min , Wei Yin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this study, we introduce a novel intramolecular hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) reaction that efficiently yields azetidine, oxetane, and indoline derivatives through a mechanism resembling the carbon analogue of the Norrish‐Yang reaction. This process is facilitated by excited triplet‐state carbon‐centered biradicals, enabling the 1,5‐HAT reaction by suppressing the critical 1,4‐biradical intermediates from undergoing the Norrish Type II cleavage reaction, and pioneering unprecedented 1,6‐HAT reactions initiated by excited triplet‐state alkenes. We demonstrate the synthetic utility and compatibility of this method across various functional groups, validated through scope evaluation, large‐scale synthesis, and derivatization. Our findings are supported by control experiments, deuterium labeling, kinetic studies, cyclic voltammetry, Stern–Volmer experiments, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Scalable and Selective Electrochemical Hydrogenation of Polycyclic Arenes
Authors: Li Hao , Li Yan , Chen Jiaye , Lu Lijun , Wang Pengjie , Hu Jingcheng , Ma Rui , Gao Yiming , Yi Hong , Li Wu , Lei Aiwen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe reduction of aromatic compounds constitutes a fundamental and ongoing area of investigation. The selective reduction of polycyclic aromatic compounds to give either fully or partially reduced products remains a challenge, especially in applications to complex molecules at scale. Herein, we present a selective electrochemical hydrogenation of polycyclic arenes conducted under mild conditions. A noteworthy achievement of this approach is the ability to finely control both the complete and partial reduction of specific aromatic rings within polycyclic arenes by judiciously varying the reaction solvents. Mechanistic investigations elucidate the pivotal role played by in situ proton generation and interface regulation in governing reaction selectivity. The reductive electrochemical conditions show a very high level of functional‐group tolerance. Furthermore, this methodology represents an easily scalable reduction (demonstrated by the reduction of 1 kg scale starting material) using electrochemical flow chemistry to give key intermediates for the synthesis of specific drugs.
Hybrid Dendrimer Network based on Silsesquioxane and Glycidyl Methacrylate for Enhanced Adsorption of Iodine and Dyes in Environmental Remediation
Authors: Hussain Saddam , Kunthom Rungthip , Liu Hongzhi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA novel hybrid network was synthesized in two steps: the first step involved the attachment of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) to octa(aminophenyl) silsesquioxane (OAPS) through a ring‐opening reaction, forming a hybrid dendrimer structure, and the second step involved the cross‐linking of hybrid dendrimer using an azobisisobutyronitrile initiator to create the final hybrid network of OAPS‐GMA. The synthesized hybrid material was comprehensively characterized using fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance ((1H, 13C, and 29Si NMR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The BET surface area was found to be 25.44 m2/g, and significant 2.341 cm3/g of total pore volume was observed. The TGA analysis shows that the material is highly stable up to 450 °C. The synthesized network demonstrated remarkable adsorption capacities for iodine and dyes. It exhibited an iodine adsorption capacity of 3.4 g/g from vapors and 874 mg/g from solution. Additionally, it showed significant adsorption capacities for Rhodamine B and Congo red, with values of 762 mg/g and 517 mg/g, respectively. This study not only provides a novel method for preparing GMA‐functionalized silsesquioxane‐based porous hybrid polymers but also contributes to advancing solutions for environmental pollution issues.