bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical treatment of the extratemporal epilepsies
Authors: Roper Steven N. 
Published: August 2009

SummaryEpilepsy that originates outside of the temporal lobe can present some of the most challenging problems for surgical therapy. These epilepsies can be broadly categorized as lesional or non‐lesional, with the nonlesional cases being the most difficult to localize. Lesional cases can result from malformations of cortical development, tumors, vascular malformations, or areas of old injury. Some lesions, such as focal cortical dysplasia, can be challenging, in that the boundaries of the pathology can be difficult to define. Presurgical goals include defining the structural lesion, the physiologic abnormality, and normal function in the area. These goals can be achieved using a variety of noninvasive and invasive tests. Surgical techniques vary depending on location and pathology but they always include removal of the epileptic brain tissue while preserving en passage vessels and underlying white matter tracts. Surgical outcomes vary depending on the underlying pathology. Surgeries are usually planned with a goal of no expected postoperative deficits, although temporary deficits may be anticipated in some areas, such as the supplementary motor cortex. Extratemporal epilepsy can be managed well with surgical treatment; but proper patient selection, evaluation, and discussion of expected outcomes and risks are critical in this challenging patient population.
Symptoms and signs in culture‐proven acute maxillary sinusitis in a general practice population
Authors: HANSEN JENS GEORG , HØJBJERG TOVE , ROSBORG JØRN 
Published: August 2009

The objective of this study was to assess symptoms and signs in patients with maxillary sinusitis and a bacteriological diagnosis obtained by sinus aspiration or lavage. Designed as a prospective cohort study in general practice, the study included 174 patients, aged 18–65 years, suspected of having acute maxillary sinusitis by their general practitioner. The main outcome measures were the independent association of symptoms, signs, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C‐reactive protein (CRP) concentration and confirmed infection with the predominant bacterial pathogens Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. The predominant organisms found in patients with acute maxillary sinusitis were S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae. Body temperature >38 °C and maxillary toothache were significantly associated with the presence of S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae. Positive bacteriological culture results were significantly associated with increasing ESR and CRP values. None of the symptoms and signs, with the exception of body temperature >38 °C and maxillary toothache, were particularly sensitive indicators of the specific aetiology in patients with acute maxillary sinusitis. Elevated ESR and CRP values were significantly associated with positive bacteriological culture results. On the other hand, absence of these symptoms and signs did not exclude the presence of acute maxillary sinusitis.
Clinical evaluation of a new collagen matrix (Mucograft® prototype) to enhance the width of keratinized tissue in patients with fixed prosthetic restorations: a randomized prospective clinical trial
Authors: Sanz Mariano , Lorenzo Ramón , Aranda Juan J. , Martin Conchita , Orsini Marco 
Published: August 2009

AbstractAim: The aim of this study was to test a new collagen matrix (CM) aimed to increase keratinized gingiva/mucosa when compared with the free connective tissue graft (CTG).Material and Methods: This randomized longitudinal parallel controlled clinical trial studied 20 patients with at least one location with minimal keratinized tissue (1 mm).Main Outcome Measure: The 6‐month width of keratinized tissue. As secondary outcomes, the aesthetic outlook, the maintenance of periodontal health and the patient morbidity were assessed pre‐operatively at 1, 3 and 6 months.Results: At 6 months, the CTG attained a mean width of keratinized tissue of 2.6 (0.9) mm, while the CM was 2.5 (0.9) mm, these differences being insignificant. In both groups, there was a marked contraction (60% and 67%, respectively) although the periodontal parameters were not affected. The CM group had a significantly lower patient morbidity (pain and medication intake) as well as reduced surgery time.Conclusions: These results prove that this new CM was as effective and predictable as the CTG for attaining a band of keratinized tissue, but its use was associated with a significantly lower patient morbidity.
Association between periodontitis and anti‐cardiolipin antibodies in Buerger disease
Authors: Chen Yi‐Wen , Nagasawa Toshiyuki , Wara‐Aswapati Nawarat , Ushida Yuka , Wang Dongqing , Takeuchi Yasuo , Kobayashi Hiroaki , Umeda Makoto , Inoue Yoshinori , Iwai Takehisa , Ishikawa Isao , Izumi Yuichi 
Published: August 2009

AbstractAim: Anti‐cardiolipin (CL) antibodies can be induced in Buerger disease (BD), an inflammatory occlusive disorder affecting peripheral blood vessels, in response to bacteria bearing homology to the TLRVYK peptide of a phospholipid‐binding plasma protein β‐2‐glycoprotein I. TLRVYK homologies are present in Porphyromonas gingivalis (TLRIYT) and Treponema denticola (TLALYK). This study investigated the association between periodontal infection and anti‐CL antibodies in BD patients.Material and Methods: Periodontal conditions were examined in 19 BD patients and 25 systemically healthy control subjects. All subjects were heavy smokers. Serum anti‐CL, anti‐TLRVYK, anti‐TLRIYT, and anti‐TLALYK antibodies were assessed using the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.Results: BD patients had a significantly higher prevalence of periodontitis, more severe periodontal destruction and increased titres of serum anti‐CL, anti‐TLRVYK, anti‐TLRIYT, and anti‐TLALYK antibodies compared with healthy subjects. The levels of anti‐CL antibodies positively correlated with those of the three anti‐peptide antibodies. Anti‐CL antibody titres were significantly associated with the percentage of sites with clinical attachment level 4 mm in BD patients.Conclusion: Elevated anti‐CL antibody levels were associated with periodontal destruction in BD patients. Periodontopathic bacteria may serve as exogenous antigens that stimulate the anti‐CL antibody production through molecular mimicry between the bacterial peptides and a host plasma protein.
Fibro‐osseous pseudotumor of the digit: a clinicopathological study of 17 cases
Authors: Chaudhry Iskander H. , Kazakov Dmitry V. , Michal Michal , Mentzel Thomas , Luzar Boštjan , Calonje Eduardo 
Published: August 2009

Fibro‐osseous pseudotumor (FP) of the digit is a rare, non‐neoplastic heterotopic ossifying lesion involving the subcutaneous tissues of the digits. To date, there are only a few published series in the literature. Our study of 17 cases, retrieved from the authors' referral archives, shows that the condition chiefly affects young to middle‐aged adults (median = 34 years), with a slight female predominance and involves the fingers (n = 8) and toes (n = 8). One identical lesion was identified on the forehead (n = 1). Lesional size ranges from 0.8 to 5.6 cm. Treatment was by surgical excision. Histologically, 14 cases show a fairly well‐circumscribed dermal (n = 10) or dermal and subcutaneous (n = 7) lesion with surface ulceration (n = 7). The lesion is composed of fascicles of variably cellular, spindle‐shaped cells [calponin (n = 14) and smooth muscle actin (SMA) (n = 11) positivity], with minimal to mild atypia (n = 5), dispersed in a myxoid stroma, focally reminiscent of nodular fasciitis. At least focal irregular trabeculae with osteoid formation and osteoblastic rimming are seen in all cases. The main differential diagnosis is an extraskeletal osteosarcoma; however, this afflicts an older age group, with prominent cytological atypia and atypical mitoses. Clinical follow‐up (range: 18 months – 14 years, n = 12) reveals evidence of local recurrence in some cases (n = 2), but no evidence of metastases. In conclusion, we report an additional 17 cases of this rare lesion to increase awareness amongst dermatopathologists.Chaudhry IH, Kazakov DV, Michal M, Mentzel T, Luzar B, Calonje E. Fibro‐osseous pseudotumor of the digit: a clinicopathological study of 17 cases.
Pedunculated cutaneous spindle cell/pleomorphic lipoma
Authors: Gurel Duygu , Kargı Aydanur , Lebe Banu 
Published: August 2009

Spindle cell/pleomorphic lipoma is an infrequently seen benign adipose tissue tumor. This tumor, mostly arising from the subcutaneous tissue, usually affects male patients and occurs in back, shoulders, head and neck area. It is rarely localized to dermis. Cutaneous spindle cell/pleomorphic lipoma differs from its subcutaneous counterpart by wider anatomical distribution, female predilection and infiltrative margins. We here present a pedunculated type, cutaneous pleomorphic lipoma case localized to the nasolabial region of 59‐year‐old man.Gurel D, Kargı A, Lebe B. Pedunculated cutaneous spindle cell/pleomorphic lipoma.
Gene and haplotype polymorphisms of the Prion gene (PRNP) in Japanese Brown, Japanese native and Holstein cattle
Authors: MSALYA George , SHIMOGIRI Takeshi , OKAMOTO Shin , KAWABE Kotaro , MINEZAWA Mitsuru , NAMIKAWA Takao , MAEDA Yoshizane 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACTPolymorphisms in the prion protein gene (PRNP) are known to be associated with transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in human, sheep and goats. There is tentative association between PRNP promoter polymorphism and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) susceptibility in cattle. In this study, we genotyped for six bovine PRNP polymorphic sites including a 23‐bp indel in the promoter, a 12‐bp indel in the intron 1, two nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), octapeptide repeats in the coding region and a 14‐bp indel in the 3′‐untranslated region in 178 animals representing Japanese Brown, Kuchinoshima feral, Mishima, Japanese Shorthorn and Holstein. In 64 Japanese Brown cattle, three indel sites were polymorphic. All of the six sites were monomorphic in Kuchinoshima. The 23‐bp and 12‐bp indel sites were polymorphic in Mishima cattle. The 23‐bp and 14‐bp indel sites were polymorphic in Japanese Shorthorn cattle. Both SNP sites were monomorphic in all cattle examined in this study. At the 23‐bp indel site, the genotype frequencies of Japanese Brown and Holstein breeds were similar to that of BSE affected cattle. We estimated 12 different haplotypes from these genotypic data. A ‘23‐12‐K6S14+’ haplotype was the major haplotype in all populations, whose frequencies ranged from 0.50 to 1.00.
Metabolic Syndrome and Sexual (Dys)function
Authors: Borges Ricardo , Temido Paulo , Sousa Luís , Azinhais Paulo , Conceição Paulo , Pereira Bruno , Leão Ricardo , Retroz Edson , Brandão Álvaro , Cristo Lídio , Sobral Fernando 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The general worldwide increase in metabolic syndrome (MS) among most populations may result in more individuals with sexual dysfunction.

Aim
To provide an update on clinical and experimental evidence regarding sexual dysfunction in patients with MS from both sexes and treatment modalities.

Methods
A comprehensive literature review was performed using MEDLINE with the MeSH terms and keywords for “metabolic syndrome,”“obesity,”“female sexual dysfunction,”“erectile dysfunction,”“androgen deficiency,”“weight loss,” and “bariatric surgery.”

Main Outcome Measures
To examine the data relating to sexual function in both men and women with MS, its relationship and the impact of treatment.

Results
The MS is strongly correlated with erectile dysfunction, hypogonadism (predictors of future development of MS), and female sexual dysfunction. Few studies have been addressed in the treatment of these dysfunctions in the special setting of MS, other than the observational effects on sexual function of individual risk factors correction. This can be a result of their understudied etiopathogeny. Nonsurgical weight loss has been shown to improve sexual function (with the mainstay on sedentarism prevention), whereas the efficacy of bariatric surgery in this respect, which has been suggested by some preliminary evidence, needs to be further confirmed by adequate clinical trials.

Conclusion
As the global incidence of MS increases, more individuals may experience sexual dysfunction and a systematic evaluation should be emphasized in this patient population, in order to identify those who are in need of intervention.
Impaired Cavernous Reinnervation After Penile Nerve Injury in Rats with Features of the Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Nangle Matthew R. , Proietto Joseph , Keast Janet R. 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors that predispose toward the development of diseases such as diabetes. Erectile dysfunction (ED) is common in men with metabolic syndrome, but its etiology is poorly understood. Pro-erectile nitrergic nerves innervating penile erectile tissue are also susceptible to mechanical injury during pelvic surgical procedures, which can lead to sexual dysfunction.

Aims
The aims of this article are: (i) to examine erectile function in an experimental model of metabolic syndrome, the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK)-overexpressing rat; and (ii) to study function and cavernous reinnervation after penile nerve crush injury, which permits regeneration, in transgenic rats.

Methods
We analyzed the density of noradrenergic and nitrergic nerves and performed organ bath pharmacology to assess neurogenic activity.

Main Outcome Measures
By analyzing changes in neural structure, function, and pharmacologic responses of cavernous tissue after nerve crush injury, we were able to reveal neurologic deficits in rats with metabolic syndrome.

Results
Animals with features of metabolic syndrome did not develop notable changes in cavernous autonomic nerve density or nerve-evoked smooth muscle activity. However, regeneration of nitrergic nerves after crush injury in transgenic rats was impaired compared with injured controls. This was manifested as a deficit in axon regrowth and responses to axon activation. However, unlike injured controls, injured PEPCK-overexpressing rats did not develop a reduced maximal response to the nitric oxide (NO) donor, sodium nitroprusside. This suggests preserved NO responsiveness in tissues from rats with metabolic syndrome, despite impaired regeneration and return of function.

Conclusions
This study revealed that rats with features of metabolic syndrome display impaired cavernous nerve regeneration after penile nerve injury, but the degree of functional impairment may be attenuated due to reduced plasticity of NO signaling. This reinnervation deficit may be of clinical relevance for understanding why ED persists in some (particularly aged) men after pelvic surgery.
Cell‐free DNA in the Peritoneal Effluent of Peritoneal Dialysis Solutions
Authors: Pajek Jernej , Kveder Radoslav , Guček Andrej , Škoberne Andrej , Bren Andrej , Bučar Maja , Černe Darko , Lukač‐Bajalo Jana 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe beneficial effects of novel peritoneal dialysis solutions low in glucose degradation products regarding peritoneal cell apoptosis and necrosis are well established in vitro, however in vivo data is lacking. Cell‐free DNA quantification is a possible method to determine cell damage through apoptosis and necrosis in vivo. We performed a prospective, cross‐over study on 26 stable continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients, treating each patient for 3 months in a randomized order with a conventional, lactate‐buffered, acidic solution (solution D) and a novel, bicarbonate/lactate‐buffered neutral solution (solution P). The timed overnight peritoneal effluent was sampled for cell‐free DNA quantification using a fluorometric assay. The effluent samples of eighteen patients were finally available for DNA quantification. The concentration range of cell‐free DNA in the peritoneal effluents was 1.8–9.5 µg/L. The coefficient of intrapatient variation in overnight effluent cell‐free DNA appearance was 15.6 ± 12.4%. Cell‐free DNA peritoneal appearance using solutions D and P was 14.9 ± 6.8 µg and 11.8 ± 3.4 µg, respectively (P = 0.02), with the average difference of 3.1 µg (95% CI, 0.7–5.6 µg). Our results show that cell‐free DNA is present in the overnight peritoneal effluent of stable CAPD patients. A significant decrease in the cell‐free DNA appearance with solution P was found; however, before accepting this as an indicator of a more biocompatible profile causing less peritoneal membrane cell necrosis and apoptosis, confirmatory data on larger patient samples are needed. Our results indicate the potential future role of cell‐free DNA in the diagnosis and prognosis of therapy‐related peritoneal membrane degeneration.
The discovery of a typical radio galaxy at z = 4.88
Authors: Jarvis Matt J. , Teimourian Hanifa , Simpson Chris , Smith Daniel J. B. , Rawlings Steve , Bonfield David 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
In this Letter, we report the discovery of a z= 4.88 radio galaxy discovered with a new technique which does not rely on pre-selection of a sample based on radio properties such as steep-spectral index or small angular size. This radio galaxy was discovered in the Elais-N2 field and has a spectral index of α= 0.75, i.e. not ultra-steep spectrum. It also has a luminosity consistent with being drawn from the break of the radio luminosity function and can therefore be considered as a typical radio galaxy. Using the Spitzer Wide-Area Infrared Extragalactic Survey (SWIRE) data over this field, we find that the host galaxy is consistent with being similarly massive to the lower redshift powerful radio galaxies (∼1–3L★). However, we note that at z= 4.88, the Hα line is redshifted into the IRAC 3.6 μm filter, and some of the flux in this band may be due to this fact rather than the stellar continuum emission. The discovery of such a distant radio source from our initial spectroscopic observations demonstrates the promise of our survey for finding the most distant radio sources.
The blazar S5 0014+813: a real or apparent monster?
Authors: Ghisellini G. , Foschini L. , Volonteri M. , Ghirlanda G. , Haardt F. , Burlon D. , Tavecchio F. 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
A strong hard X-ray luminosity from a blazar flags the presence of a very powerful jet. If the jet power is in turn related to the mass accretion rate, the most luminous, hard X-ray blazars should pinpoint the largest accretion rates, and thus the largest black hole masses. These ideas are confirmed by the Swift satellite observations of the blazar S5 0014+813, at the redshift z= 3.366. Swift detected this source with all its three instruments, from the optical to the hard X-rays. Through the construction of its spectral energy distribution, we are confident that its optical-ultraviolet (UV) emission is thermal in origin. Associating it with the emission of a standard optically thick geometrically thin accretion disc, we find a black hole mass, M∼ 4 × 1010 M⊙, radiating at 40 per cent the Eddington value. The derived mass is among the largest ever found. Super-Eddington slim discs or thick discs with the presence of a collimating funnel can in principle reduce the black hole mass estimate, but tend to produce spectra bluer than observed.
Proxima Centauri: a transitional modified Newtonian dynamics controlled orbital candidate?
Authors: Beech Martin 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
The triple-system candidacy of Proxima Centauri with α Centauri A/B is reviewed in terms of its potential to demonstrate an orbit controlled according to modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND). It is noted that Proxima is already sufficiently distant from α Cen A/B that MOND corrections to its speed and orbit should be present and therefore potentially measurable. It is argued that present-day observations of the Proxima–α Centauri A/B system do not rule out the possibility that Proxima occupies a low-eccentricity orbit with an orbital period of the order of a few million years.
The extended ionized gas around the z = 2.44 radio galaxy MRC 0406–244: the nature of the superbubbles and the optical line brightness asymmetries
Authors: Humphrey A. , Iwamuro F. , Villar-Martín M. , Binette L. , Sung E. C. 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
In this Letter, we investigate the nature of the dramatic ‘superbubble’ emission structures associated with the z= 2.44 radio galaxy MRC 0406−244, using rest-frame optical spectroscopy and an archival Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Near-Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) image. Based on the optical line ratios and the HST morphology, we conclude that the gas in the superbubbles is photoionized by the obscured active nucleus. We suggest that this type of structure might be related to the spatially extended H i absorbers that are detected in front of many high-z radio galaxies. We also suggest that we may be witnessing the destruction of the extended emission-line region. In addition, we investigate the nature of the emission-line brightness asymmetry in MRC 0406−244: we conclude that this asymmetry is due to an asymmetry in the mass of ionized gas, confirming the scenario of McCarthy, van Breugel & Kapahi, and leading us to reject that of Gopal-Krishna & Wiita.
Vacuums and Veils: Engaging with Statistically ‘Invisible’ Indigenous Population Dynamics in Yamatji Country, Western Australia
Authors: PROUT SARAH 
Published: August 2009

AbstractAlthough much is known about broad trends in Australian Indigenous geographies, particular aspects of Indigenous spatiality continue to be rendered invisible by standard statistical measures. The national census, for example, only registers moves at one and five year intervals. Any mobilities enacted within these timeframes are not measured. Yet these statistically ‘un‐captured’ mobility processes are often integral to Indigenous lived experiences and have a significant dialectical relationship to government service delivery processes. Understanding these population dynamics is therefore a critical, though underdeveloped, consideration within geographic enquiry and contemporary debates about State and Federal Indigenous policy directions and initiatives. This paper presents qualitative research findings regarding local experiences and perceptions of Indigenous spatiality in Yamatji country, Western Australia. Within this grounded framework, the paper builds on existing literature by drawing out some of the common spatial, temporal and demographic characteristics, or dimensions, of statistically un‐captured Indigenous mobility processes. With this discursive, albeit generalised and malleable, typology established, the analysis turns to a reflection on some of the methodological and conceptual complexities of measurement, interpretation, and translation of these mobility processes across the policy‐research nexus.