bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Change in the moving bodymind: Quantitative results from a pilot study on the use of the BodyMind approach (BMA) to psychotherapeutic group work with patients with medically unexplained symptoms (MUSs)
Authors: Payne Helen , Stott David 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground: This article reports quantitative results from a pilot study in primary care (PC) undertaken from 2004–2007. The intervention programme, derived from movement psychotherapy, was termed ‘Learning groups: the BodyMind approach (BMA),’ and emphasised a verbal and non‐verbal integrated model, awareness of the inter‐relationship between body and mind and a self‐managing framework. Aim: To evaluate systematically the outcomes of a 12‐week group BMA intervention programme with patients suffering from anxiety/depression with at least one chronic (over two years) medically unexplained symptom (MUS), another term for a psychosomatic condition or somatoform disorder. Method: A mixed method was applied to a single‐case design. Outcome measures completed at baseline, mid‐, post‐ intervention and three‐month follow‐up were the Measure Yourself Medical Outcome Profile (MYMOP) and the Counselling Outcome Routine Evaluation (CORE). Results: Increased activity levels and well‐being; more effective coping/functioning strategies; reduction in anxiety/depression, GP‐consultation and medication usage, and symptom distress. All changes were maintained at three‐month follow‐up.
Economic Burden of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Based on Total Resource
Utilization
Authors: Restrepo Marcos I. , Anzueto Antonio , Arroliga Alejandro C. , Afessa Bekele , Atkinson Mark J. , Ho Ngoc J. , Schinner Regina , Bracken Ronald L. , Kollef Marin H. 
Published: March 2010

Objectives.
To characterize the current economic burden of ventilator-associated
pneumonia (VAP) and to determine which services increase the cost of VAP in
North American hospitals.

Design and Setting.
We performed a retrospective, matched cohort analysis of mechanically
ventilated patients enrolled in the North American Silver-Coated Endotracheal
Tube (NASCENT) study, a prospective, randomized study conducted from 2002 to
2006 in 54 medical centers, including 45 teaching institutions
(83.3%).

Methods.
Case patients with microbiologically confirmed VAP
(n = 30) were identified from 542 study
participants with claims data and were matched by use of a primary diagnostic
code, and subsequently by the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II
score, to control patients without VAP (n = 90).
Costs were estimated by applying hospital-specific cost-to-charge ratios based
on all-payer inpatient costs associated with VAP diagnosis-related
groups.

Results.
Median total charges per patient were $198,200 for case patients and
$96,540 for matched control patients (P
&lt;.001); corresponding median hospital costs were $76,730 for case
patients and $41,250 for control patients (P =
.001). After adjusting for diagnosis-related group payments, median losses to
hospitals were $32,140 for case patients and $19,360 for control patients
(P = .151). The median duration of intubation was
longer for case patients than for control patients (10.1 days vs 4.7 days;
P &lt; .001), as were the median duration of
intensive care unit stay (18.5 days vs 8.0 days; P
&lt; .001) and the median duration of hospitalization (26.5 days vs 14.0
days; P &lt; .001). Examples of services likely
to be directly related to VAP and having higher median costs for case patients
were hospital care (P &lt; .05) and respiratory
therapy (P &lt; .05).

Conclusions.
VAP was associated with increased hospital costs, longer duration of
hospital stay, and a higher number of hospital services being affected, which
underscores the need for bundled measures to prevent VAP.

Trial Registration.
NASCENT study ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00148642.
SeSAW: balancing sequence and structural information in protein functional mapping
Authors: Standley Daron M. , Yamashita Reiko , Kinjo Akira R. , Toh Hiroyuki , Nakamura Haruki 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Motivation: Functional similarity between proteins is evident at both the sequence and structure levels. SeSAW is a web-based program for identifying functionally or evolutionarily conserved motifs in protein structures by locating sequence and structural similarities, and quantifying these at the level of individual residues. Results can be visualized in 2D, as annotated alignments, or in 3D, as structural superpositions. An example is given for both an experimentally determined query structure and a homology model.
Availability and Implementation: The web server is located at http://www.pdbj.org/SeSAW/
Contact: standley@ifrec.osaka-u.ac.jp
HALO—a Java framework for precise transcript half-life determination
Authors: Friedel Caroline C. , Kaufmann Stefanie , Dölken Lars , Zimmer Ralf 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Summary: Recent improvements in experimental technologies now allow measurements of de novo transcription and/or RNA decay at whole transcriptome level and determination of precise transcript half-lives. Such transcript half-lives provide important insights into the regulation of biological processes and the relative contributions of RNA decay and de novo transcription to differential gene expression. In this article, we present HALO (Half-life Organizer), the first software for the precise determination of transcript half-lives from measurements of RNA de novo transcription or decay determined with microarrays or RNA-seq. In addition, methods for quality control, filtering and normalization are supplied. HALO provides a graphical user interface, command-line tools and a well-documented Java application programming interface (API). Thus, it can be used both by biologists to determine transcript half-lives fast and reliably with the provided user interfaces as well as software developers integrating transcript half-life analysis into other gene expression profiling pipelines.
Availability: Source code, executables and documentation are available at http://www.bio.ifi.lmu.de/software/halo
Contact: caroline.friedel@bio.ifi.lmu.de
ArchSchema: a tool for interactive graphing of related Pfam domain architectures
Authors: Tamuri Asif U. , Laskowski Roman A. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Summary: ArchSchema is a Java Web Start application that generates a dynamic 2D network of related Pfam domain architectures. Each node corresponds to a different architecture (shown as a sequence of coloured boxes) and indicates whether any 3D structural information is available in the PDB. Satellite nodes can show either the UniProt codes or the PDB codes of proteins having the given architecture. Search options allow search by UniProt code or Pfam domain identifier, and results can be filtered by domain, organism, or by selecting only proteins in the PDB.
Availability: ArchSchema can be freely accessed at http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/archschema
Contact: roman@ebi.ac.uk
Celiac Disease and Eosinophilic Esophagitis: A True Association
Authors: Leslie Connull , Mews Catherine , Charles Adrian , Ravikumara Madhur 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTBackground and Aim:Celiac disease (CD) and eosinophilic esophagitis (EE) are distinct disorders with specific clinico‐pathological characteristics. Recent reports suggest an association between the 2. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of EE among children diagnosed with CD in our institution in the last 8 years.Materials and Methods:Princess Margaret Hospital in Western Australia is the state's only pediatric referral center and the Department of Anatomic Pathology handles almost all of the pediatric gastrointestinal biopsy specimens. All of the children who had histological confirmation of CD between January 2000 and November 2007 were identified. Among this cohort, those who had concurrent esophageal biopsies performed were obtained and those with histology consistent with EE identified. The slides of all of these cases were reviewed. Case notes of children with CD and EE were reviewed for demographic details, symptoms, endoscopic findings, and follow‐up data.Results:Among the total of 250 children diagnosed with CD during the study period, 121 had concurrent esophageal biopsies. Ten children had histological findings consistent with EE, although only 7 had endoscopic findings suggestive of EE. Median eosinophil count in these esophageal biopsies was 52 per high power field (range 23–80). Four children had follow‐up endoscopies and all 4 demonstrated recovery of duodenal mucosa but persistent esophageal eosinophilia on gluten‐free diet. In 3 children resolution of EE occurred after specific treatment of EE.Conclusions:The prevalence of EE in this cohort of children with CD is at least 4%. This is likely to be an underestimation because only 121 of 250 children had concurrent esophageal biopsies. Coexistent EE should be kept in mind in children undergoing endoscopy for suspected CD, and esophageal biopsies should be obtained, irrespective of whether esophageal mucosa appears normal or abnormal at endoscopy.
Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Pediatric Chronic Viral Hepatitis
Authors: Erlichman Jessi , Salam Abdul , Haber Barbara A 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTObjective:The objectives of the present study were to assess the prevalence, frequency and type of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) used by children with chronic viral hepatitis infection, and to determine correlates of use and estimates of nondisclosure regarding CAM use.Patients and Methods:In this cross‐sectional pilot study, families of 68 children receiving care for chronic viral hepatitis at a tertiary medical center were administered a survey regarding use of CAM.Results:Forty‐six percent of these families reported using CAM for their child at least once since diagnosis with chronic viral hepatitis and 31% used CAM monthly or more frequently. Of all of the CAM therapies, biologically based products such as herbals and dietary supplements were used most often. Use of CAM was independently associated with the current or previous use of antiviral medications for viral hepatitis, parent's use of CAM, and child having a nonliver comorbidity. Rates of physician nondisclosure regarding CAM use were >60%.Conclusions:This is the first report of CAM use in children with chronic viral hepatitis. Use of CAM in this population is common, and despite published adult reports, there is infrequent dialogue between patients and pediatric health care providers regarding use of CAM.
Outcomes of Catheter‐associated Infections in Pediatric Patients With Short Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Greenberg Rachel G , Moran Cassandra , Ulshen Martin , Smith P Brian , Benjamin Daniel K , Cohen‐Wolkowiez Michael 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTChildren with short bowel syndrome requiring long‐term total parenteral nutrition are at high risk for catheter‐associated infections. The optimal management of catheter infections in this patient population is unknown. We conducted a retrospective observational study in children with short bowel syndrome to compare outcomes of catheter‐associated infections treated with catheter removal plus antibiotic therapy versus antibiotic therapy alone.
PROBLEM DEPARTMENT
Authors: Jamison G. H. 
Published: March 2010

This department aims to provide problems of varying degrees of difficulty which will interest anyone engaged in the study of mathematics.All readers are invited to propose problems and to solve problems here proposed. Drawings to illustrate the problems should be well done in India ink. Problems and solutions will be credited to their authors. Each solution, or proposed problem, sent to the Editor, should have the author's name introducing the problem or solution as on the following pages.The Editor of the department desires to serve its readers by making it interesting and helpful to them. Address suggestions and problems to G. H. Jamison, State Teachers College, Kirksville, Missouri.
SOME EFFECTIVE SCIENCE ACTIVITIES IN THE UPPER ELEMENTARY GRADES
Authors: Fahy Mildred 
Published: March 2010

(This article is the third of a series of four articles of practical interest to elementary science teachers. Miss Fahy is the Principal of the Peirce N. E. A. and has had several years of experience in promoting the teaching of elementary science. The activities she describes have been used and have proved successful.The first article of the series entitled “Adding Interest to the Elementary Science Classroom” by Dorothy Phipps appeared in the March issue. The second article gave suggestions for the care and handling of pets in the classroom and appeared in the April issue. The fourth and last article of the series will deal with science activities in the primary grades and will be in the June issue. D. W. R.)
A Six Sigma approach to the rate and clinical effect of registration errors in a laboratory
Authors: Vanker Naadira , van Wyk Johan , Zemlin Annalise E , Erasmus Rajiv T 
Published: March 2010

BackgroundLaboratory errors made during the pre-analytical phase can have an impact on clinical care. Quality management tools such as Six Sigma may help improve error rates.AimTo use elements of a Six Sigma model to establish the error rate of test registration onto the laboratory information system (LIS), and to deduce the potential clinical impact of these errors.MethodsIn this retrospective study, test request forms were compared with the tests registered onto the LIS, and all errors were noted before being rectified. The error rate was calculated. The corresponding patient records were then examined to determine the actual outcome, and to deduce the potential clinical impact of the registration errors.ResultsOf the 47 543 tests requested, 72 errors were noted, resulting in an error rate of 0.151%, equating to a sigma score of 4.46. The patient records reviewed indicated that these errors could, in various ways, have impacted on clinical care.ConclusionThis study highlights the clinical effect of errors made during the pre-analytical phase of the laboratory testing process. Reduction of errors may be achieved through implementation of a Six Sigma programme.
Randomized, Double-Blind, Multicenter, Placebo-Controlled Study Evaluating the Effect of Aldosterone Antagonism With Eplerenone on Ventricular Remodeling in Patients With Mild-to-Moderate Heart Failure and Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction
Authors: Udelson James E. , Feldman Arthur M. , Greenberg Barry , Pitt Bertram , Mukherjee Robin , Solomon Henry A. , Konstam Marvin A. 
Published: March 2010

Background—
Aldosterone antagonism has been studied in patients with advanced heart failure (HF) and also in patients with post-myocardial infarction and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction with HF symptoms. Few data are available on effects of aldosterone antagonism in patients with mild-to-moderate HF.

Methods and Results—

In a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in patients with mild-to-moderate HF and LV systolic dysfunction, patients with New York Heart Association class II/III HF and LV ejection fraction (EF) ≤35% were randomly assigned to receive eplerenone 50 mg/d versus placebo in addition to contemporary background therapy. Quantitative radionuclide ventriculograms to assess LV volumes and ejection fraction were performed at baseline and again after 9 months of double-blind treatment and were analyzed in a central core laboratory, blinded to treatment. The primary efficacy analysis was the between-group comparison of the change in LV end-diastolic volume index. Secondary analyses examined changes in LV end-systolic volume index and ejection fraction as well as markers of collagen turnover. Of the total 226 patients enrolled, 117 were randomly assigned to receive eplerenone and 109 to receive placebo. There was high use of contemporary background therapy at baseline, with >90% use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and/or angiotensin receptor blockers and >90% use of β-blockers. Over 36 weeks of treatment, there was no apparent between-group difference in the changes in end-diastolic volume index or end-systolic volume index. There was a reduction in the collagen turnover marker procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide and plasma B-type natriuretic peptide in the eplerenone group compared with placebo (
P
=0.01 and
P
=0.04, respectively). There was no change in symptom status or quality-of-life measures.

Conclusions—
In a clinically stable, well-treated population of patients with mild-to-moderate HF symptoms and LV dysfunction, 36 weeks of treatment of aldosterone antagonism with eplerenone at a dose of 50 mg daily had no detectable effect on parameters of LV remodeling.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00082589.
Early limited nitrosamine exposures exacerbate high fat diet-mediated type 2 diabetes and neurodegeneration
Authors: Tong Ming , Longato Lisa , de la Monte Suzanne M 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and several types of neurodegeneration, including Alzheimer's, are linked to insulin-resistance, and chronic high dietary fat intake causes T2DM with mild neurodegeneration. Intra-cerebral Streptozotocin, a nitrosamine-related compound, causes neurodegeneration, whereas peripheral treatment causes DM.HypothesisLimited early exposures to nitrosamines that are widely present in the environment, enhance the deleterious effects of high fat intake in promoting T2DM and neurodegeneration.MethodsLong Evans rat pups were treated with N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) by i.p. injection, and upon weaning, they were fed with high fat (60%; HFD) or low fat (5%; LFD) chow for 8 weeks. Cerebella were harvested to assess gene expression, and insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) deficiency and resistance in the context of neurodegeneration.ResultsHFD ± NDEA caused T2DM, neurodegeneration with impairments in brain insulin, insulin receptor, IGF-2 receptor, or insulin receptor substrate gene expression, and reduced expression of tau and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), which are regulated by insulin and IGF-1. In addition, increased levels of 4-hydroxynonenal and nitrotyrosine were measured in cerebella of HFD ± NDEA treated rats, and overall, NDEA+HFD treatment reduced brain levels of Tau, phospho-GSK-3β (reflecting increased GSK-3β activity), glial fibrillary acidic protein, and ChAT to greater degrees than either treatment alone. Finally, pro-ceramide genes, examined because ceramides cause insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and neurodegeneration, were significantly up-regulated by HFD and/or NDEA exposure, but the highest levels were generally present in brains of HFD+NDEA treated rats.ConclusionsEarly limited exposure to nitrosamines exacerbates the adverse effects of later chronic high dietary fat intake in promoting T2DM and neurodegeneration. The mechanism involves increased generation of ceramides and probably other toxic lipids in brain.
Measles outbreaks in displaced populations: a review of transmission, morbidity and mortality associated factors
Authors: Kouadio Isidore K , Kamigaki Taro , Oshitani Hitoshi 
Published: March 2010

Abstract

Background
Measles is a highly contagious infectious disease with a significant public health impact especially among displaced populations due to their characteristic mass population displacement, high population density in camps and low measles vaccination coverage among children. While the fatality rate in stable populations is generally around 2%, evidence shows that it is usually high among populations displaced by disasters. In recent years, refugees and internally displaced persons have been increasing. Our study aims to define the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors associated with measles outbreaks in displaced populations.

Methods
We reviewed literature in the PubMed database, and selected articles for our analysis that quantitatively described measles outbreaks.

Results
A total of nine articles describing 11 measles outbreak studies were selected. The outbreaks occurred between 1979 and 2005 in Asia and Africa, mostly during post-conflict situations. Seven of eight outbreaks were associated with poor vaccination status (vaccination coverage; 17-57%), while one was predominantly due to one-dose vaccine coverage. The age of cases ranged from 1 month to 39 years. Children aged 6 months to 5 years were the most common target group for vaccination; however, 1622 cases (51.0% of the total cases) were older than 5 years of age. Higher case-fatality rates (>5%) were reported for five outbreaks. Consistent factors associated with measles transmission, morbidity and mortality were vaccination status, living conditions, movements of refugees, nutritional status and effectiveness of control measures including vaccination campaigns, surveillance and security situations in affected zones. No fatalities were reported in two outbreaks during which a combination of active and passive surveillance was employed.

Conclusion
Measles patterns have varied over time among populations displaced by natural and man-made disasters. Appropriate risk assessment and surveillance strategies are essential approaches for reducing morbidity and mortality due to measles. Learning from past experiences of measles outbreaks in displaced populations is important for designing future strategies for measles control in such situations.
Proteome characterization of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) somatic embryos, plantlets and tuberous roots
Authors: Li Kaimian , Zhu Wenli , Zeng Kang , Zhang Zhenwen , Ye Jianqiu , Ou Wenjun , Rehman Samrina , Heuer Bruria , Chen Songbi 
Published: March 2010

Abstract

Background
Proteomics is increasingly becoming an important tool for the study of many different aspects of plant functions, such as investigating the molecular processes underlying in plant physiology, development, differentiation and their interaction with the environments. To investigate the cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) proteome, we extracted proteins from somatic embryos, plantlets and tuberous roots of cultivar SC8 and separated them by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).

Results
Analysis by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) yielded a total of 383 proteins including isoforms, classified into 14 functional groups. The majority of these were carbohydrate and energy metabolism associated proteins (27.2%), followed by those involved in protein biosynthesis (14.4%). Subsequent analysis has revealed that 54, 59, 74 and 102 identified proteins are unique to the somatic embryos, shoots, adventitious roots and tuberous roots, respectively. Some of these proteins may serve as signatures for the physiological and developmental stages of somatic embryos, shoots, adventitious roots and tuberous root. Western blotting results have shown high expression levels of Rubisco in shoots and its absence in the somatic embryos. In addition, high-level expression of α-tubulin was found in tuberous roots, and a low-level one in somatic embryos. This extensive study effectively provides a huge data set of dynamic protein-related information to better understand the molecular basis underlying cassava growth, development, and physiological functions.

Conclusion
This work paves the way towards a comprehensive, system-wide analysis of the cassava. Integration with transcriptomics, metabolomics and other large scale "-omics" data with systems biology approaches can open new avenues towards engineering cassava to enhance yields, improve nutritional value and overcome the problem of post-harvest physiological deterioration.