bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Online health information use by participants in selected senior centres in Korea: current status of internet access and health information use by Korean older adults
Authors: Chung Joohyun , Gassert Carole A. , Kim Hyun Sook 
Published: July 2010

chung j., gassert c.a. & kim h.s. (2010) Online health information use by participants in selected senior centres in Korea: current status of internet access and health information use by Korean older adults. International Journal of Older People Nursing6, 261–271 doi: 10.1111/j.1748‐3743.2010.00238.xAims and objectives.  The purpose of this research was to describe how older adult internet users from senior centres in Korea accessed and used health information on the internet and the perceived barriers that prevented internet use.Background.  Increasingly, patients are using health‐related information available on the internet. Internet based health information has influenced patient knowledge and expectations regarding healthcare. However, there are few studies about the use of internet for health information by older adults, and even less is known about older adults in Korea.Design.  Based on the Access to Information framework developed by McCreadie and Rice, this quantitative study with a qualitative adjunct explored the older adults’ use of internet for health information.Methods.  A convenience sample of 91 community‐dwelling older adults in Korea was recruited from 10 randomly selected senior centres, using the modified Kaiser Family Foundation Survey as the basis for structured interview.Results.  Half of older internet users (n = 13) had used online health information and found it was helpful. Barriers to internet use were: no interest (90.8%); too complicated (75%); no experience in using internet (∼50%); too expensive (∼50%); or disability (10%). Qualitative findings revealed that the prime reason for non‐use of the internet was related to literacy and level of education due to historical background.Conclusions.  The results of quantitative and qualitative analysis supported that the internet users were relatively younger, more educated, male, had a higher income, received more support from others and all from large senior centres.Implications for practice.  This study is important because the results can provide valuable insights into the potential for health education and health communication for older adults in Korea using the internet. It could affect health promotion, policy and education for older adults in Korea.
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome, Insulin Resistance, Impaired Fasting Blood Glucose, and Dyslipidemia in Uygur and Kazak Populations
Authors: Wang Lifeng , Tao Yicun , Xie Zijing , Ran Xinjian , Zhang Minfang , Wang Ye , Luo Xin , Hu Mengying , Gen Wenning , Wufuer Hamulati , Li Linlin , Ren Jun , Mao Xinming 
Published: July 2010

J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2010;12:741–745. ©2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.This study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), impaired fasting blood glucose (IFG), insulin resistance (IR), hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), and low high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) in adult Uygur and Kazak populations. Questionnaires, blood pressure, anthropometric measurement, and fasting glucose were evaluated. The age‐adjusted prevalence of MetS and IFG was 3.43‐ and 1.47‐fold higher, respectively, in Uygurs compared with Kazaks. The prevalence of IR and HTG was 1.33‐ and 2.22‐fold higher, respectively, in Uygurs compared with Kazaks. In addition, the prevalence of low HDL‐C was 4.05‐fold higher in Uygurs compared with Kazaks. These data depicted greater risk for cardiometabolic syndrome in Uygurs compared with Kazaks. In addition, all prevalence with the exception of low HDL‐C was greater in men compared with women in both ethnic groups. For body mass index (BMI) <24, 24 to 28, and ≥28 kg/m2, the prevalence of MetS, HTG, and low HDL‐C was higher in Uygurs than Kazaks at the same BMI level. For individuals with a BMI between 24 and 28, the prevalence of IR but not IFG was significantly greater in Uygurs than Kazaks. At BMI ≥28, neither IFG nor IR was overtly different between the two ethnic groups.
Green Tea Polyphenols and Cancer: Biologic Mechanisms and Practical Implications
Authors: Ahmad Nihal , Mukhtar Hasan 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Polyphenolic compounds in fruits and vegetables have been associated with lower risk of some diseases, including cancer. Recent research has shown that the polyphenolic antioxidants in green tea possess cancer chemopreventive effects. This review discusses the cancer chemopreventive effects associated with green tea and the molecular mechanisms that underlie the broad anticarcinogenic effect of polyphenols in green tea.
Oral health considerations in muscular dystrophies
Authors: Balasubramaniam Ramesh , Sollecito Thomas P. , Stoopler Eric T. 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTMuscular dystrophies (MD) are a heterogeneous group of inherited neuromuscular disorders characterized by muscle necrosis and progressive muscle weakness. It is important for oral healthcare providers to be familiar with MD as special considerations are necessary to provide appropriate and safe dental care for these medically complex patients. This article briefly reviews the more common types of MD, namely, Duchenne MD, Becker MD, Emery‐Dreifuss MD, facioscapulo–humeral MD, limb‐girdle MD, oculopharyngeal MD, and myotonic dystrophy. Aspects of their epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and medical management as well as oral health considerations are discussed.
DNA barcoding Indian marine fishes
Authors: LAKRA W. S. , VERMA M. S. , GOSWAMI M. , LAL K. K. , MOHINDRA V. , PUNIA P. , GOPALAKRISHNAN A. , SINGH K. V. , WARD R. D. , HEBERT P. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDNA barcoding has been adopted as a global bio‐identification system for animals in recent years. A major national programme on DNA barcoding of fish and marine life was initiated in India by the authors during 2006 and 115 species of marine fish covering Carangids, Clupeids, Scombrids, Groupers, Sciaenids, Silverbellies, Mullids, Polynemids and Silurids representing 79 Genera and 37 Families from the Indian Ocean have been barcoded for the first time using cytochrome c oxidase I gene (COI) of the mtDNA. The species were represented by multiple specimens and a total of 397 sequences were generated. After amplification and sequencing of 707 base pair fragment of COI, primers were trimmed which invariably generated a 655 base pair barcode sequence. The average Kimura two parameter (K2P) distances within species, genera, families, orders were 0.30%, 6.60%, 9.91%, 16.00%, respectively. In addition to barcode‐based species identification system, phylogenetic relationships among the species have also been attempted. The neighbour‐joining tree revealed distinct clusters in concurrence with the taxonomic status of the species.
Visual Anecdote
Authors: Offenhuber Dietmar 
Published: July 2010

The discourse on information visualization often remains limited to the exploratory function — its potential for discovering patterns in the data. However, visual representations also have a rhetorical function: they demonstrate, persuade, and facilitate communication. In observing how visualization is used in presentations and discussions, I often notice the use of what could be called “visual anecdotes.” Small narratives are tied to individual data points in the visualization, giving human context to the data and rooting the abstract representation in personal experience. This paper argues that these narratives are more than just illustrations of the dataset; they constitute a central epistemological element of the visualization. By considering these narrative elements as parts of the visualization, its design and knowledge organization appear in a different light. This paper investigates how the “story” of data representation is delivered. By means of ethnographic interviews and observations, the author highlights the different aspects of the visual anecdote, a specific point where the exploratory and the rhetorical functions of visualization meet.
Review Section
Authors: Porter Pete 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe live-action comedies Hotel for Dogs and Marley and Me illustrate the prominent American stereotypes of canines as surrogate children and models of human behavior. Both adopt a human perspective on nonhuman animals, particularly dogs. An ethic of caring goes awry, to become pampering and permissiveness, and precludes empathetic training that would help dogs to prosper as canines in a human world.
Cost-effectiveness of two monitoring strategies for the great crested newt (Triturus cristatus)
Authors: Pellet Jérôme , Kröpfli Madeleine , Heer Patrick 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDesigning cost-effective monitoring protocols is a fundamental prerequisite for amphibian conservation. Here, we report a comparison of flashlight survey and trapping (with and without light sticks as trap baits) in order to determine flashlight detectability and trap detectability of great crested newts (Triturus cristatus). Twelve ponds were surveyed in Switzerland where T. cristatus had been known to occur. We measured covariates affecting both flashlight detectability and trap detectability. Newt flashlight detectability using 20 min long flashlight surveys was on average ± SE = 39% ± 10%). Flashlight detectability was mostly influenced by surface and submerged vegetation density, as well as by water temperature. Newt trap detectability during one night using six funnel traps per pond was on average±SE = 41%±10%. Trap detectability was mainly affected by trap position in the pond, with traps lying on the pond floor being more likely to attract newts. The use of light sticks did not enhance the trap detectability. Estimates of flashlight detectability and trap detectability were used to define how many times the sites have to be visited to be 95% certain of not missing T. cristatus in ponds where they are present. In both cases multiple visits (7 flashlight surveys or 6 trapping sessions) have to be performed. Flashlight surveys are the most easily applied and most cost-effective method to use in large scale programs.
Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of Mabuya spp. (Squamata: Scincidae) from western Indian Ocean islands
Authors: Rocha Sara , Harris D. James , Carretero Miguel 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWestern Indian Ocean islands (excluding Madagascar) are inhabited by at least five species of the lizard genus Mabuya, for which diversity and inter-island phylogenetic relationships are still unclear, particularly concerning island populations of M. maculilabris, M. comorensis and M. striata. With a comprehensive sampling across the Comoros archipelago and the islands of Zanzibar and Pemba (Tanzania) we use molecular data and previously published sequences of these species to describe genetic variation across their insular range and explore the possible distinction of insular populations of the different species, contributing to the clarification of their status and knowledge of their colonization patterns. We describe patterns of cryptic diversity within M. comorensis, revealing a West to East colonization of the Comoros archipelago and clarify the status of Malagasy populations of this species. Cryptic variation is also observed within M. maculilabris and M. striata, and the status of several continental and island populations discussed. M. sechellensis is shown to be paraphyletic relative to M. wrightii. Available data for all Afro-Malagasy Mabuya reveals additional possible instances of paraphyly within some species but does not allow for further resolution of basal relationships within this group, pointing to rapid and simultaneous divergences within this group and the need for multiple independent markers to recover the history of this group.
Diplomacy, Ethics and the National Interest: What Are Diplomats For?
Authors: Barder Brian 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDrawing on the writer’s experience as a former British diplomat who served in Cold War Poland and elsewhere, this article explores rival concepts of the diplomat’s functions: the traditional UK Foreign Office emphasis on competitively and exclusively promoting the national interest; versus alternatively concentrating on the internationalist, ethical obligations that should govern diplomatic (and other) behaviour. Interference in the host country’s internal affairs is formally prohibited, but the question of whether diplomats’ contacts with, and implied moral support for, democratic dissident movements that are opposed to their undemocratic governments amount to unacceptable intervention raises difficult practical, political and ethical questions. An example of differing possible responses to a development aid proposal illustrates the dilemma. Differing views of diplomatic priorities and objectives, embedded in contrasting cultures at the UK Foreign Office and Department for International Development respectively, need to be sensitively resolved, mainly in the latter’s favour.
Israel and the Holy See Negotiate: A Case Study in Diplomacy across Religions
Authors: Cohen Raymond 
Published: July 2010

AbstractFor many years the Holy See recognized Israel de facto, but declined to open formal diplomatic relations. Historical and theological issues burdened mutual perceptions. Wishing to normalize the relationship, the Holy See and Israel concluded a Fundamental Agreement in 1993 and exchanged ambassadors. Under the terms of the accord, the parties were to negotiate further treaties on key issues of church and state. A Legal Personality Agreement was signed in 1997 but was never implemented; and another fiscal and property treaty is still being negotiated. The relationship itself, which is supposed to fulfil the promise of reconciliation between Catholics and Jews, has been ambivalent, and marked by recurrent controversy. This article surveys the issues currently under negotiation. It argues that the reasons for the reserve are structural and subjective, pointing to political, conceptual and institutional dissonances. However, the article also notes the steady progress recently made and expresses the hope that solutions can be found to contested matters.
Reducing the Gap between International Water Law and Human Rights Law: The UNECE Protocol on Water and Health
Authors: Attila Tanzi 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis article addresses the different approaches to access to water and sanitation by two separate bodies of international law, i.e. water law and human rights law. It shows the slow evolution of the former from a purely inter-State economic dimension, dealing with competing sovereign claims over transboundary watercourses, to one concerned also the needs of peoples and individuals. In light of these developments at the customary level, it illustrates the significant progress in the field at the conventional and Pan-European level represented by the 1999 UN/ECE London Protocol on Water and Health. An analysis of the latter is carried out against the background of the authoritative interpretation of Articles 11 and 12 of the 1966 UN Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights contained in the 2002 General Comment 15 by the Committee of the Covenant. This comparative analysis shows the full complementarity and, in many respects, even the coincidence between those instruments. From a normative structural point of view, the common denominator between them appears to lie in the due diligence nature of their main obligations enhancing the state legal accountability for water services.
Waterborne Disease Surveillance: The Case for a Closer Interaction between the UNECE Protocol on Water and Health and the International Health Regulations (2005)
Authors: Negri Stefania 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe UNECE Protocol on Water and Health prioritises prevention and control of waterborne diseases in the European Region. In order to protect public health from water-related outbreaks, the Protocol mandates the Parties to establish, improve and maintain comprehensive national and local surveillance as well as early warning systems. It also promotes international cooperation among Member States and fosters the development of joint and coordinated action aimed to complement or strengthen national capacities of response. Coordination and liaison with competent international agencies and organisations acting in the field of public health and disease surveillance is instead almost completely neglected. Despite the gap in the agreement, the relevance to the Protocol of existing surveillance networks has increasingly been acknowledged. Following this trend, the Protocol Bodies are exploring the opportunities for a closer interaction with regional and global alert and response systems. This effort is commendable, but much more can be done to reach a more intense cooperation and achieve a globally integrated system of disease surveillance. Harmonisation of legal frameworks (in this case, the UNECE Protocol, the EU legislation and the IHR 2005) and a better synergy among relevant networks will enhance protection of global health security, avoid useless duplications of efforts, and ensure coherence of the whole body of international law on public health.
The Emerging Human Right to Land
Authors: De Schutter Olivier 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis article identifies the emergence of the right to land in international human rights law, and which measures of implementation are called for to ensure the full realization of this right. In certain contexts, the right to land may be seen as a self-standing right, whether it is protected as an element of the right to property, whether it is grounded on the special relationship of indigenous peoples to their lands, territories and resources, or whether it is a component of the right to food. In other cases, the right to land may be said to be instrumental to the right to food: it is protected as an indispensable means through which people can produce food, for their own consumption or as a source of income allowing them, in turn, to purchase food. In making the case for the explicit recognition of the right to land in international human rights law, this article recalls the current pressures on land; it examines the protection of landusers in their existing access to natural resources; and it discusses whether agrarian reform may be seen as a component of the progressive realization of the emerging human right to land.
Humanitarian Limits to Sovereignty: Common Concern and Common Heritage Approaches to Natural Resources and Environment
Authors: Stec Stephen 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe Peace of Westphalia released forces leading to the Industrial Revolution, ultimately freeing sovereign states to develop competing systems of economic development that had in common the uncontrolled exploitation of the environment. Over time, a law of humanity developed in response to the failings of a law of sovereign states in two main spheres: that of the dignity of the individual and that of matters of “common concern” that require a global, humanitarian response. Environmental issues have moved to the forefront of the latter, as can be demonstrated by an examination of terms used in international law to describe environmental matters, and have given rise to new forms of international and transnational cooperation. By being reminded that humanitarian issues of common concern were at the root of the Westphalian shift itself, we see that it is the radical form of sovereignty that developed in the 19th and 20th centuries that in fact proved inadequate. The key questions, therefore, are what the global environmental challenge teaches us about the potential for sovereignty to be “reclaimed” for humanity, and how and whence authoritative norms to modulate sovereignty will arise.
ITAM signaling in dendritic cells controls T helper cell priming by regulating MHC class II recycling
Authors: Graham Daniel B. , Akilesh Holly M. , Gmyrek Grzegorz B. , Piccio Laura , Gilfillan Susan , Sim Julia , Belizaire Roger , Carrero Javier A. , Wang Yinan , Blaufuss Gregory S. , Sandoval Gabriel , Fujikawa Keiko , Cross Anne H. , Russell John H. , Cella Marina , Swat Wojciech 
Published: July 2010

AbstractImmature dendritic cells (DCs) specialize in antigen capture and maintain a highly dynamic pool of intracellular major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) that continuously recycles from peptide loading compartments to the plasma membrane and back again. This process facilitates sampling of environmental antigens for presentation to T helper cells. Here, we show that a signaling pathway mediated by the DC immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)–containing adaptors (DAP12 and FcRγ) and Vav family guanine nucleotide exchange factors controls the half-life of surface peptide-MHCII (pMHCII) complexes and is critical for CD4 T-cell triggering in vitro. Strikingly, mice with disrupted DC ITAMs show defective T helper cell priming in vivo and are protected from experimental autoimmune encephalitis. Mechanistically, we show that deficiency in ITAM signaling results in increased pMHCII internalization, impaired recycling, and an accumulation of ubiquitinated MHCII species that are prematurely degraded in lysosomes. We propose a novel mechanism for control of T helper cell priming.
The poor response to imatinib observed in CML patients with low OCT-1 activity is not attributable to lower uptake of imatinib into their CD34+ cells
Authors: Engler Jane R. , Frede Amity , Saunders Verity , Zannettino Andrew , White Deborah L. , Hughes Timothy P. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
The functional activity of the organic cation transporter 1 (OCT-1) protein in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) mononuclear cells (MNCs) is highly predictive of molecular response in imatinib treated patients. Here we investigate whether the MNC OCT-1 activity (OA) provides a surrogate indicator of effective targeting of the more immature CD34+ cells. While confirming our previous findings that high MNC OA is significantly associated with the achievement of major molecular response (MMR; P = .017), the present studies found no relationship between high CD34+ OA and the achievement of MMR. Furthermore, no correlation was found between the MNC OA and the CD34+ OA in matched CML samples. These results suggest that the predictive value of the MNC OA may primarily reflect the effective targeting and subsequent reduction of mature CML cells. Therefore kinase inhibition in these mature cells, and not the CD34+ cells, may be the key determinant of response in CML.