bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic Profiling of Breast Cancer (BC) in Mali by Oligonucleotide Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) Array.
Authors: Ly M. , Diallo G. , Valente A. , Diallo D. , Dumke K. , Marty V. , Scott V. , Pusztai L. , Berrada N. , Lazar V. , Job B. , Viehl P. , Bernaudin J. , André F. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Background: Epidemiological studies suggest that BC in Africa exhibit specific biological characteristics as compared to BC from US/Europe. In order to identify therapeutic targets that would be specific from Africa, we analyzed 28 samples from Mali by high resolution CGH array, and compared gene gains/losses to the ones observed in USA [André F et al, Clin Cancer Res, 2009]Patients and methods: 71 paraffin-embedded samples of invasive BC from patients treated by surgery at Bamako were retrieved, 28 of them (from 2 pts stage 1; 13 pts stage 2; 11 pts stage 3 and 2 pts stage 4) were eligible for CGH array (1) (Agilent, 4*44K) (cancer cells&gt;50%; undamaged DNA &gt;1µg).Results were compared to 106 samples from MD Anderson, profiled in the sample genomic platform using the same array (1)Results: The median age was 49 year old. Twenty-one samples (75%) were ER-negative. No difference was observed regarding the frequency of gene gains in 17q12-21 (ERBB2) nor 8p11-12 (FGFR1). Six regions were more frequently gained in BC from Mali, as compared to those from US (FDR&lt;5%). Two regions included targetable molecular abnormalities. 9p34 region was gained in 43% of samples and included Abl1, a tyrosine kinase involved in CML, and VAV2, a guanine exchange factor. 22q11-13.1 region was gained in 34% of samples and included bcr, ewsr1, pdgfb and MAF-E. These two regions were gained in less than 5% of BC from US. Finally, a region located in 6p21 was gained in 56% of BC from Mali. This region included a cluster of genes involved in immune response (lymphotoxin A, MICA/MICB).Conclusion: BC from Mali present some candidate specific targetable alterations as gains of Abl1, bcr and pdgf-B. FISH and IHC are being done in order to validate targets.Additional high throughput analyses will be performed to characterize such tumors, including virus arrays, exon arrays and hot spot mutations.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 3059.
Screening of the Portuguese BRCA2 Founder Mutation in Breast Cancer Patients Unselected for Family History.
Authors: Opinião A. , Opinião A. , Fragoso S. , Lourenco P. , Sousa P. , Braga S. , Braga S. , Luís A. , Luís A. , Machado P. , Rodrigues P. , Vicente H. , Oliveira J. , Bruges-Armas J. , Vaz F. , Vaz F. , Vaz F. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Background and Objective: The identification of BRCA2 c.156_157insAlu as a founder mutation of Portuguese origin and the optimization of its screening method, allows for fast genetic diagnosis in positive families. Although prevalent in Portuguese families with hereditary breast cancer risk (45% of the families with identified mutations in our Institute are positive for BRCA2 c.156_157insAlu), its prevalence in the general population of Portuguese breast cancer patients unselected for family history is unknown. Our objective was to determine the frequency of c.156_157insAlu in general Portuguese breast cancer (BC) population.Material and methods: After Ethics approval, recruitment started in April 2008.Two centres started the study: the Cancer Institute in Lisbon that observes patients from the Centre and South of the country, and the Hospital of Terceira Island in Azores (patients recruited in Terceira Island were originated from all Azorean Islands). All these patients had the diagnosis of invasive breast cancer, and after counselling a peripheral blood sample was collected and BRCA2 c.156_157insAlu screened by a three-step PCR method (Machado PM et al; J Clin Oncol 25:2027-2034, 2007). Post-test counselling was given at the Breast Cancer Risk Evaluation Clinic, where all patients had their family history analyzed. If at high risk for hereditary cancer, women were advised to enter general screening of BRCA1/2 mutations, when negative for BRCA2 c.156_157insAlu.Results: Three hundred twenty three BC patients (226 from Azores; 97 from the Continent) were recruited for this study and have already been screened. Eighty-three patients from Azores met criteria for familial breast cancer (37%). In the Continent only 10 high-risk patients have been identified so far. Average age at diagnosis was 55.8 yrs; 13 patients had bilateral BC (4%); 18 (6%) patients (all from Azores) had a second cancer diagnosis. Two women (1% of all, and 2% of the patients from the Continent) were positive for the BRCA2 c.156_157insAlu mutation: 1- breast cancer diagnosis at age 45 and a maternal aunt with breast cancer at age 60; 2- bilateral BC (ages 35 and 37), no family history for breast and/or ovarian cancer. The 10 high-risk patients BRCA2 c.156_157insAlu negative accepted to proceed with general BRCA1/2 screening.Patient recruitment is still open.Conclusions: Although we cannot conclude that c.156_157insAlu screening is relevant in the unselected population, one of the positive patients did not meet criteria for counselling outside this study. Our data also suggest that, even for familial BC, c.156_157insAlu may not be as prevalent in the Azorean population.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 3061.
Waiting Time for Breast Conserving Surgery Patients in a Public and a Private University Affiliated Hospital in Atlanta.
Authors: Mosunjac M. , Park J. , Strauss A. , Birdsong G. , Du V. , Rizzo M. , Okoli J. , Bumpers H. , Gabram-Mendola S. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Background: The time it takes for a patient to undergo the entire breast cancer pathway treatment varies for diverse patient populations in different health care settings. In this study we analyzed delay in breast cancer treatment (DBCT) for a defined population of breast cancer patients. All of the patients had identical cancer care trajectories of breast-conserving therapy (BCT) for infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) or ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), followed by neo-adjuvant therapy in two different hospital settings; including a University-based inner-city hospital and a University-affiliated private practice hospital.Materials and Methods: A retrospective chart review of 214 patients treated from 2004 to 2008 was conducted. Five consecutive diagnostic and treatment events in a total of four time intervals (see Figure 1 below) were defined and correlated with demographic factors such as age, race, marital status, distance traveled to visit, insurance status type, and hospital type. Non-parametric Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test was used for statistical analysis.Results: The mean ages of the patients in both hospitals were similar (59.2 yrs public hospital vs. 61.9 yrs private hospital). Patients treated in the public hospital experienced greater DBCT compared to patients who were treated in the private institution (125 vs. 88 days, p &lt; 0.001). Overall, the largest delay was the time period from diagnostic core biopsy to surgery (50 days). The only time interval that showed greater delay for African-American (AA) women compared to Caucasian women was time from final pathology diagnosis to medical oncology evaluations (26 vs. 33 days, p=0.036). Patients who were married or insured experienced less DBCT compared to patients who were not (80 vs. 117 days and 83.3 vs.167 days respectively, p &lt; 0.001). Medicaid patients had shorter wait times in the public compared to in the private hospital (136 vs. 153 days, ns). Patients who experienced less than 90 days of delay to undergo the entire treatment traveled an average 27.3 miles (sd=76.6) for their hospital visit, while patients who experienced greater than 90 days of delay to undergo the same treatment traveled an average 14.2 miles (sd=19.9) for their hospital visit.Discussion: Differences in DBCT are multi-factorial and arise from system-based issues that vary among hospital settings along with demographic factors such as marital status and race that are independent of the hospital setting. More effective scheduling for surgical treatment and follow up appointments may reduce the wait time. In order to significantly shorten DBCT further, prospective studies are needed to evaluate the intricate connection of psychosocial and system barriers to breast cancer treatment.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 3070.
A Multi Centre Prospective Longitudinal Study Establishing Level II Evidence of Health Related Quality of Life after Types of Immediate Latissimus Dorsi (LD) Breast Reconstruction.
Authors: Winters Z. , Mills J. , Haviland J. , Reece-Smith A. , Greenslade M. , Benson J. , Galea M. , MacMannus P. , Nicholson S. , Weiler-Mithoff E. , Rayter Z. , Thomson H. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Introduction: NICE recommends that the majority of women undergoing mastectomy should be offered immediate breast reconstruction with its potential benefits to improve health related quality of life (HRQL). A systematic review shows poor and conflicting evidence with a lack of 'hard' data to best inform both clinicians and their patients. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of implant-assisted LD (LDI) versus autologous LD (ALD) breast reconstruction on HRQL over 36 months. Recently, with the exception of the USA Breast-Q module there is a lack of a validated Breast reconstruction questionnaire.Methods: An MREC approved prospective longitudinal cohort study involving 6 centres commenced in early 2007. Serial patient reported outcome measures using the EORTC C30 (global QoL, physical functioning, fatigue, pain), BR-23 (breast and arm symptoms), 10 item Body Image Scale (BIS) and HADS, were completed pre-operatively and at 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months after surgery. Overall cosmetic satisfaction of the breast reconstruction was measured by a study-specific question on a 5 point Likert scale. Generalised estimating equations were used to assess change over time and differences between treatment groups.The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to assess associations between patient reported cosmetic satisfaction with BIS and breast symptoms.Results: 118 patients (65 – ALD, 53 – LDI) were recruited to the study with a mean age of 50 years (range 22-70). Compliance with questionnaires at all time points was between 85-90%. There were no significant differences in HRQL domains between LDI and ALD, except a tendency for worse pain with ALD (p=0.06). Significant improvements over time were seen for overall HRQL (p&lt;0.001), fatigue (p&lt;0.001), breast symptoms (p=0.04), arm symptoms (p=0.001), as well as anxiety (p=0.017) and depression (p&lt;0.001). Preliminary data shows that overall cosmetic satisfaction was significantly correlated with better body image and fewer breast symptoms. The study is ongoing in terms of 24 and 36 months follow-up and the evaluation of RT.Conclusion: There is an important need for cumulative clinical evidence in this field on which to base patient informed consent and clinical recommendations. Further analyses will assess whether there is an independent effect of RT on HRQL. A validated EORTC breast reconstruction module is in development.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 3106.
Extended Indications for Skin Conserving of the Nipple Areola Complex during Subcutaneous Mastektomie.
Authors: Niemeyer M. , Rainer B. , Kiechle M. , Paepke D. , Plattner B. , Paepke S. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Background: Conventional breast cancer surgery in case of a non breast conserving procedure still includes the routine excision of the nipple areolar complex (NAC) optional followed by nipple reconstruction. Numerous authors consider multiple predictive factors to decide whether the Nipple Areola Complex (NAC) can be conserved or not during mastectomy. These are: tumour-nipple distance, tumour size, axillary lymph-node status and lymph vascular invasion. Thus only a very limited percentage of patients can keep their NAC.If the breast gland tissue and all galactophoric ducts can be separated completely from the NAC during subcutaneous mastectomy (SCM), conservation of the NAC is feasible even in large, central and retroareola tumours.Patients and methods: (www.clinicaltrials.com ID: NCT00641628) From July 2003 to Mai 2006 we performed 109 SCMs on 96 patients. 94 of these breasts showed indications for modified radical mastectomy (MRM) or ablatio simplex. 78 due to invasive carcinoma (MRM indication) and 16 of them had extensive ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), (indication for simple ablation). At least 33 of the breasts had malignancy underneath the skin within the areola margin (central located tumours). After dissection of the complete mammary gland tissue, the skin envelope with the areola is folded inside out an all galactophoric ducts and any subjacent tissue on the areola base are precisely dissected under the surgeons' visual control. Of this skin-closest retroareola tissue, frozen sections and HE-histopathologic examinations are requested to decide whether the NAC can be preserved or not.Results: We found the Need to dissect the NAC in 13 of 109 breasts (12%), altering the procedure to a skin sparing mastectomy (SSM). Necrosis of the NAC which had to be subjected to surgical intervention occurred in only one of the conserved 96. After a follow-up of 20-54, median 34 months no recurrence within the NAC was observed. One local recurrence on the thoracic wall and one axillary recurrence were detected. 2 of 96 patients developed distant metastases. One death was recorded. Occasionally, partial necrosis of the nipple occurred, leaving a depigmentation of the skin but maintaining a good or excellent cosmetic result in most cases. Necrosis of the NAC which had to be subjected to surgical intervention occurred in only one patient.Conclusion: SCM, including NAC conservation, may be performed according to MRM indications if an intraoperatively frozen section (and the corresponding HE-histopathology) of the NAC closest tissue is free of tumour. The remaining contraindications for SCM are: extensive tumour involvement of the skin, inflammatory breast cancer and clinical suspicious nipple.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 3107.
Prolonged Injection Site Mass Can Occur with Methylene Blue but Not Lymphazurin Blue after the Sentinel Node Procedure.
Authors: Komenaka I. , Shirah G. , Bouton M. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the differences in outcomes and complications of the sentinel node dissection for breast cancer using Methylene blue and Lymphazurin blue.Methods: From 2004-2008, 160 patients underwent the sentinel node procedure at a county hospital, teaching institution. The sentinel node procedure was performed using the combined technique of blue dye and radioactive isotope. From 2004 to June 2006, Lymphazurin blue (LB) was used. From July 2006 to 2008, Methylene blue (MB) was used. Axillary dissection was performed if the sentinel node procedure revealed positive lymph nodes or failed.Results: Fifty patients underwent the sentinel node procedure with LB and 110 underwent the procedure with MB. The patients were of similar age and stage of presentation. More patients in the MB group were Hispanic and underwent preoperative chemotherapy. The sentinel node identification rate was 100% in the LB group and 99% in the MB group (P = 1.0). The mean numbers of sentinel lymph nodes were similar (LB 2.2 vs. MB 2.7). In the LB group 34% of patients were lymph node positive compared to 40% in the MB group.There were no allergic reactions in either group. The infection rate in the breast was similar in both groups LB (2%) and MB (1.8%). Previous studies have reported skin manifestations of necrosis, ulceration, tattooing, erythema, rash, or telangiectasia/vascular change at the site of injection with methylene blue. These findings were not seen in any of the patients in this study. In ten of the 110 patients (9%) who underwent the procedure with MB, however, a local inflammatory reaction occurred which resulted in a palpable mass at the site of injection. No injection site reactions were noted in LB group. In the MB group, the masses were clearly more prominent than the surrounding breast tissue and identified either at the one week postoperative check (6) or at the first 6-month followup (4). Ultrasound of the injection sites did reveal a hypoechoic mass in one patient. Biopsies were performed on the first four patients, but revealed only inflammation and non-atypical hyperplasia. Nearly all of the masses resolved by one year, however, one resolved after 18 months.Conclusion: Methylene blue is a reasonable alternative to lymphazurin blue in the sentinel node procedure for breast cancer. Awareness of injection site reactions to MB are important, as a new dominant mass is always reason for concern in breast cancer patients. Palpable mass at the site of MB injection can occur but typically resolve over a one year period.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 3115.
Recovery of the Upper Limb Function after Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy or Axillary Dissection.
Authors: Utsumi T. , Kobayashi N. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Introduction:Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is widely accepted as an excellent method in the management of early breast cancer in patients with clinically negative axillary lymph nodes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the type of breast cancer surgery and early postoperative arm mobility.Materials and methods:The study group consisted of 290 consecutive patients aged 30 to 86 years (median age 58) with breast cancer, operated upon in the Department of Breast Surgery and evaluated in Department of Rehabilitation Medicine afterward, between February 2005 and December 2008. Out of the 290 patients, 126 (43.4% - group 1) underwent breast conserving therapy with SLNB, 65 (22.4% - group 2) simple mastectomy with SLNB, 41 (14.1% - group 3) breast conserving therapy with axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) and 58 (20% - group 4) modified radical mastectomy. Shoulder mobility was evaluated after 1month and after 3 months.Results:After 1 month, patients in the ALND group (group 3 and 4) had more limitations in shoulder mobility than patients in the SLNB group (group1 and 2).After 3 months, shoulder mobility was not different between the ALND group (n=52) and the SLNB group (n=32) (shoulder flexion: 161.6±22.5 degree vs. 167.8±19.5 degree, abduction: 165.2±27.5 degree vs. 164.4±28.9 degree, respectively).Conclusion:In terms of upper limb functional status, the benefits of SLNB over ALND was observed at the early postoperative time. However, long-term effects have to be confirmed by further, larger series.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 3118.
Final Results of a Randomized Phase II Study Demonstrating Efficacy and Safety of BSI-201, a Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase (PARP) Inhibitor, in Combination with Gemcitabine/Carboplatin (G/C) in Metastatic Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC).
Authors: O'Shaughnessy J. , O'Shaughnessy J. , O'Shaughnessy J. , Osborne C. , Osborne C. , Osborne C. , Pippen J. , Pippen J. , Pippen J. , Patt D. , Patt D. , Rocha C. , Ossovskaya V. , Sherman B. , Bradley C. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Background: TNBC is an aggressive breast cancer subtype which shares molecular and pathologic features with BRCA1-related breast cancers. BRCA-deficient cells are sensitive to inhibition of PARP1, a critical enzyme of cell proliferation and DNA repair, and thus represent a rational target of PARP inhibitor-based cancer therapy. The objectives of this study were to evaluate BSI-201, a potent PARP1 inhibitor, in combination with G/C in subjects with metastatic TNBC. Methods: Eligible subjects had measurable disease and received ≤2 prior cytotoxic regimens for ER-, PR-, and HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer. Patients were randomized (1:1) to G/C alone or G/C + BSI-201. Gemcitabine (1000 mg/m2; IV) and carboplatin (AUC = 2; IV) were given on days 1 and 8, and BSI-201 (5.6 mg/kg; IV) on days 1, 4, 8, and 11 every 21 days. Endpoints were clinical benefit rate (CBR = CR + PR + SD ≥6 months), objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: Preliminary analyses of all 116 dosed patients showed that, based on all patient visits through March 2009, BSI-201 + G/C improved CBR, ORR, median PFS, and median OS, compared with G/C alone. The frequency and nature of adverse events did not differ between arms. G/CG/C+BSI-201Hazard Ratio (n=57)(n=59)(95% CI)P valueCBR, %2162 0.0002ORR, %1648 0.002Median PFS, months3.36.90.34 (0.20-0.58)&lt;0.0001Median OS, months5.79.20.35 (0.19-0.65)0.0005 Conclusions: This analysis demonstrates that BSI-201 + G/C improved patient's outcomes, as measured by CBR, ORR, PFS and OS, compared with G/C alone. BSI-201 + gemcitabine/carboplatin was well tolerated and did not potentiate chemotherapy-related toxicities. Final data on CBR and ORR, as well as updated analyses of PFS and OS for all 116 dosed patients will be presented based on all patient visits through September 2009. Exploratory correlative analyses of PARP expression and overall clinical response will also be presented, as well as initial correlative analyses between number of metastatic therapies and clinical response.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 3122.