bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel approach for assembly selection and matching of remanufactured mechanical products based on performance upgrading
Authors: Xiao Yongmao , Wang Zhiyong , Hu Siping 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aiming at the problems of low utilization rate of remanufacturing resources and high production cost in the process of remanufacturing assembly of used machinery, a new intelligent optimization slection matching approach for remanufacturing mechanical product assembly oriented to performance upgrading is proposed. Considering assembly accuracy, utilization rate of remanufacturing resources and production cost, Taguchi quality loss function and remanufacturing cost function are constructed, taking the closed-loop dimension chain as the constraint condition, an intelligent optimization model for remanufacturing of used mechanical parts is established. The optimization model is solved based on the combination of particle swarm optimization algorithm and genetic algorithm. Finally, taking CAK6140 machine tool spindle box as a case study to verify the feasibility and practicability of the proposed method, the spindle assembly process is optimized and matched. Compared the method proposed in this study with the grouping selection method often used by enterprises and the traditional particle swarm optimization model seeking method, constructed the corresponding evaluation index. The comparison results show that the comprehensive performance of the proposed method is the best. which proves that the method can effective solve the problem of low resource utilization rate, high cost and poor assembly accuracy in the used mechanical assembly process, and can achieve the goal of upgradeing the performance of mechanical equipment.
The mechanistic basis of genetic assimilation in natural fly populations
Authors: Cavalli Giacomo , Sabarís Gonzalo , Schuettengruber Bernd , Papadopoulos Giorgio , Coronado-Zamora Marta , Fitz-James Maximilian , González Josefa 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Genetic assimilation is a process by which a trait originally driven by the environment becomes independent of the initial cue and is expressed constitutively in a population. More than seven decades have passed since Waddington's pioneering demonstration of the acquisition of morphological traits through genetic assimilation, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we address this gap by performing a multi-omic analysis of Waddington's genetic assimilation using the ectopic veins phenocopy in Drosophila as a model. Our study reveals the assimilation of ectopic veins in both outbred and inbred fly natural populations, despite their initially limited genetic diversity. The assimilation of ectopic veins is driven by the selection of regulatory alleles already present in the ancestral populations, including downregulation of the Cad96Ca tyrosine kinase gene by the insertion of a transposable element in its 3' untranslated region. The genetic variation at this locus in the inbred population is maintained by a large chromosomal inversion. In outbred populations, the evolution of ectopic veins results from a polygenic response shaped by the selective environment. Our results support a model in which selection for multiple pre-existing alleles in the ancestral population, rather than stress-induced genetic or epigenetic variation, drives the evolution of ectopic veins in natural fly populations.
Information Sources and Vaccination in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Asiamah Nana Osei , Miller Paige , Yang Xiaoxu , Shrum Wesley 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Among the issues that remained contentious throughout the pandemic was vaccination: its efficacy, side effects, and the general reluctance of a substantial segment of the population to get vaccinated. The aim of this paper is to understand the role of health information sources in anti-vaccination sentiment and the decision to vaccinate. Linear and logistic regression models were used to analyze data from an online survey of adults in the United States in late 2021 (n=10,221). The results of the study showed that: (a) information from local and national health experts had a significant positive association with getting the COVID-19 vaccine and a negative relationship with holding anti-vaccination sentiments while (b) information from social media and community/religious leaders had the opposite effect. Overall, this study highlights the importance of public health systems in the dissemination of information on vaccinations during pandemics.
Microbial and seminal traces of sexual intercourse and forensic implications
Authors: Ahannach Sarah , Gehrmann Thies , Spacova Irina , Wittouck Stijn , Hiers Jana , Bron Peter , Donck Leonore Vander , Cromphout Maryse , Swayambhu Meghna , Arora Natasha , Schuh Larissa , Tournoy Iris , Smeers Inge , Wuestenbergs Joke , Bekaert Bram , Decorte Ronny , Jehaes Els , Lebeer Sarah 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Predicting recent intercourse is crucial in forensic casework on sexual assaults. In this work, we assessed whether sexual intercourse can be predicted based on the vaginal microbiome and compared it to the gold standard method of semen detection. Using a prediction model based on microbiome of 3,043 women, intercourse was predicted with 71% accuracy in a balanced cross-validation machine learning setting. Next, this prediction model was validated in a longitudinal intervention study and tested on forensic sexual assault cases. The developed predictor could accurately establish intercourse in 82% cases. Yet, underwear was found to hold an even greater evidential value and replace the more invasive vaginal sampling for semen detection in some cases, with an accuracy of 95%. This was confirmed through a retrospective analysis of 207 forensic sexual assault cases. Taken together, this study revealed the potential of both microbiome profiling on vaginal swabs and semen detection on underwear for forensic casework.
Factors that contribute to the perceived effect of spinal manipulative therapy: A qualitative study
Authors: Boylan Patrick 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Despite the progress that has been made to better understand the potential mechanisms of SMT and its treatment eﬀects, a knowledge gap continues to exist when it comes to identifying the specific factors that contribute to the eﬀective utilization of SMT. The purpose of the study was to explore the perceptions of chiropractic clinicians, interns, and patients regarding what factors during a doctor-patient encounter contribute to the perceived treatment eﬀect associated with SMT.
Methods: Participants were recruited from a chiropractic teaching clinic in the United States using convenience sampling. Semi-structured interviews were used as the main form of data collection, which took place from January-April 2024. The data was subsequently analyzed using a grounded theory approach and organized into themes through an iterative open coding process.
Results: Six rounds of interviews were conducted for a total of 18 interviews. Each round consisted of one patient who received treatment including SMT, one intern who performed the treatment, and one clinician who oversaw the treatment. After analyzing the interview data, the following five themes were identified: Psychomotor Skills, Treatment Outcome, Significance of Cavitation, Adjunctive Therapies, and Therapeutic Alliance.
Conclusion: This qualitative study identified several themes which describe factors that may contribute to the perceived effect associated with SMT. In addition to the psychomotor skills required to perform SMT, educators and practitioners should consider factors such as the therapeutic alliance between patient and provider, use of adjunctive therapies, and assessment of the outcome associated with the intervention.
Combining Bayesian Optimization and Neural Network to Optimize the Plasma Wakefield Acceleration
Authors: Guan Jiabao , You Chang , Nie Yuancun , Xia Guoxing , Wang Jike 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The computational cost of finding the optimal design of plasma wakefield acceleration (PWFA) is usually very demanding due to many variables involved. Herein, we have developed a novel framework which combines Bayesian Optimization (BO) with neural network (NN), to replace computationally expensive simulation software and provide a more efficient way for the optimization process. In order to verify this framework, the AWAKE Run 2 experiment at CERN is used as an example. In the framework we constructed, the coefficients of determination (R2) of NN reaches above 0.99, and the time-to-solution reduces to a factor of 18.6. For the first time, BO combined with NN is successfully applied to optimize PWFA and significant improvements have been demonstrated. The framework established here in principle can also be extended to the optimization of other particle accelerations.
Complete mitochondrial genome assembly and comparative analysis of Colocasia esculenta
Authors: Li Huinan , Liu Lili , Qiu Zuyang , He Fanglian , Dong Weiqing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Colocasia esculenta ranks as the fifth most important tuber crop and is known for its high nutritional and medicinal value. However, there is no research on its mitochondrial genome, hindering in-depth exploration of its genomic resources and genetic relationships. Using second- and third-generation sequencing technologies, we assembled and annotated the mitogenome of C. esculenta. Its mitogenome mainly consists of five circular DNA molecules, with a total length of 594,811 bp and a GC content of 46.25%. A total of 55 genes, 157 simple sequence repeats, 29 tandem repeat sequences, 202 dispersed repeat sequences, and 625 RNA editing sites were detected. Most protein-coding genes use ATG as the start codon, and the third position of the codon tends to be A or T (U). GAA, AUU, and UUU are the most common codons in C. esculenta mitochondria. Finally, based on 28 representative plant species, a phylogenetic tree was constructed, revealing a close relationship between C. esculenta and Araceae. This study provides comprehensive information on C. esculenta, laying a foundation for crop genetics and molecular breeding.
Simulation of Steel Bar Fracture in Reinforced Concrete Walls
Authors: Carranza Juan Miguel Navarro , Deierlein Gregory G. , Zhong Kuanshi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Structural systems in buildings are designed to manage seismic impacts through ductile inelastic responses, allowing significant cyclic deformations without substantial loss of load-bearing capacity. Reinforced concrete wall structures dissipate energy mainly through the cyclic yielding of steel reinforcement bars. However, repeated inelastic cycles accumulate damage, increasing the risk of reinforcing bar fracture due to low-cycle fatigue. This study introduces a novel modeling methodology that simulates the fracture of reinforcement in such scenarios, which traditional models often neglect or simplify by imposing maximum strain capacities on reinforcing steel. Our approach integrates a model that accounts for cumulative damage and fracture due to low-cycle fatigue using the newly implemented Reinforcement Ductile Fracture Model (RDFM) in OpenSees software. This allows for a detailed representation of cumulative damage and bar fractures, enhancing the predictive accuracy of the cyclic behavior and subsequent strength and stiffness degradation of reinforced concrete walls. Validated against 23 selected reinforced concrete wall cyclic tests, the methodology effectively captures the impact of low-cycle fatigue on concrete walls, contributing to more accurate post-earthquake building assessments. Furthermore, the study proposes a novel calibration for the Equivalent Slenderness Factor (Ψ, ESF) tailored to wall conditions. This research advances our understanding of structural behavior under seismic loads, offering a robust tool for enhancing seismic performance assessments and influencing future design protocols.
A One-Phase Injection Method to Improve the Strength and Uniformity in MICP with Polycarboxylic Acid Added
Authors: Zhu Yongqiang , Li Yujie , Sun Xingye , Rui Shengjie , Guo Zhen , Zheng Dao-Qiong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The production and distribution uniformity of calcium carbonate plays a pivotal role in enhancing the effectiveness of microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP). Various methods have been proposed to enhance the conversion rate of calcium ions and ensure uniform calcium carbonate distribution. These include multi-phase injection methods and one-phase injection methods with environmental factors such as pH and temperature controlled. Polycarboxylic acid, a polymer organic substance rich in carboxylic acid groups, serves as a regulator for the initial precipitation time of calcium carbonate. It aids in increasing the total output of calcium carbonate by complexing calcium ions. This study introduces and investigates a one-phase injection method of MICP with the addition of polycarboxylic acid. The methodology is examined through bacteria growth tests, tube tests, sand column tests, and microscopic analyses. The results indicate that polycarboxylic acid does not exhibit any side effects on Sporosarcina pasteurii (S. pasteurii). When the urease activity of the bacterial solution is maintained at 15 kU/L and the concentration of the cement solution is 1 mol/L, incorporating a 3% solution of polycarboxylic acid delays the initial precipitation time of calcium carbonate by more than two hours. This delay significantly contributes to improving the uniformity of calcium carbonate distribution, with complete precipitation of calcium ions occurring within 24 hours. After five treatment cycles, the unconfined compressive strength of the sand column reaches 2.76 MPa. This method demonstrates promising potential for application in enhancing reinforcement effects and streamlining the reinforcement process.
The Electromagnetic Characteristics of UXO Using the Electromagnetic Method
Authors: Lu Taoming , Gao Huotao , Cai Li , Zhang Bin , Xiong Ran , Cheng Guanglei , Zhao Mengkui 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In the process of UXO removal, effective detection is crucial for the clearance of UXO. This paper investigates the method of TEM to detect UXO, the design optimization of magnetic coupling source and the electromagnetic response characteristics of UXO with different attitudes and depths. The numerical results show that the designed and optimized single-transmitter multiple-receiver TEM detection can not only provide fast localization, but also greatly reduce data processing and improve detection efficiency. Based on the finite element modeling, the electromagnetic response of the target is analyzed in detail with the variation law of position and attitude by combining the information of the fast localization. The field experimental results show that the variation trends of the numerical simulation results of the time-domain electromagnetic response under different attitudes are basically consistent with the measured results. The measuring line response enables the fast localization of suspicious sites by marking them. The planar response establishes the spindle location information. The detection depth has a strong influence on the initial amplitude of the time domain response, while the inclination angle determines the symmetry characteristics of the planar response. This will provide a basis for the design and optimization of the TEM detection system.
Information is not enough: a critical perspective on responsible gambling policies to gambling disorder prevention
Authors: Chóliz Mariano , Cervera-Ortiz Lydia , Luján-Barrera Amparo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Multiple governments and other stakeholders in countries where online gambling has been legalized have implemented responsible gambling policies. Based on theoretical and experimental evidence, this study showed that the information used to implement responsible gambling policies is not sufficient to prevent the emergence of pathological gambling disorder in society. This is because the information provided is necessary, but it is not adequate for modifying gambling habits or preventing addiction. The principal clinical symptoms of gambling disorder are excessive gambling and difficulty in controlling one's gambling.
Objective: the objective of this study was to analyze the effect of a dynamic personal message about the consequences of gambling, specifically, the effectiveness of pop-up messages stating the percentage of money lost in a virtual slot machine.
Method. In this study, 40 gamblers were observed during online gambling. The independent variable was information about their gambling losses provided via pop-up messages.
Results. The main result of the study was that the display of responsible gambling information was associated with no changes in gambling behavior.
Discussion. The study presented in this article and the initial theoretical discussion together reveal that the main strategy used to promote responsible gambling, which is to provide truthful information about gambling and its consequences, is not sufficient to prevent excessive gambling and, therefore, gambling addiction in society, or to make people stop gambling, despite their losses. To prevent excessive gambling and, therefore, gambling disorder in society, gambling policies that limit gamblers’ losses must be implemented.
Pharmacological PINK1 activation ameliorates
Pathology in Parkinson’s Disease models
Authors: Hertz Nicholas , Chin Randall , Rakhit Rishi , Ditsworth Dara , Wang Chengzhong , Bartholomeus Johan , Liu Song , Mody Akash , Laihsu Alex , Eastes Andrea , Tai Chao , Kim Roy , Li Jessica , Khasnavis Saurabh , Rafalski Victoria , Heerendeen Donald , Garda Virginia , Phung Jennie , de Roulet Daniel , Ordureau Alban , Harper J. Wade , Johnstone Shawn , Stöhr Jan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

PINK1 loss-of-function mutations and exposure to mitochondrial toxins are causative for Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Parkinsonism, respectively. We demonstrate that pathological α-synuclein deposition, the hallmark pathology of idiopathic PD, induces mitochondrial dysfunction, and impairs mitophagy as evidenced by the accumulation of the PINK1 substrate pS65-Ubiquitin (pUb). We discovered MTK458, a brain penetrant small molecule that binds to PINK1 and stabilizes its active complex, resulting in increased rates of mitophagy. Treatment with MTK458 mediates clearance of accumulated pUb and α-synuclein pathology in α-synuclein pathology models in vitro and in vivo. Our findings from preclinical PD models suggest that pharmacological activation of PINK1 warrants further clinical evaluation as a therapeutic strategy for disease modification in PD.
Developing a Spatial Domain Model for Optimizing Infectious Disease Control through Vaccine Distribution
Authors: Li Chun , Wang Chao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The global emergence of infectious diseases, such as the coronavirus, has presented a formidable and widespread challenge, causing significant human casualties, property damage, and economic disruptions. Investigating infectious disease models becomes imperative for a comprehensive understanding of the dissemination patterns of highly contagious illnesses. Hence, research into infectious disease models is of utmost importance.
This paper introduces the application of physics-constrained machine learning (PCML) to develop a spatial domain model for infectious disease control, specifically focusing on vaccine distribution. Traditionally, dynamical systems are employed in epidemiological models to forecast the temporal evolution and growth trajectories of highly infectious diseases. In this study, we reframe the SIR models, incorporating corresponding policies through dynamical systems.
Utilizing the PCML algorithm, we derive approximate numerical solutions for the systems of dynamical partial differential equations (PDEs) with an acceptable margin of approximation error. Additionally, we present various numerical solutions to the PDEs under diverse scenarios.
Cement kiln dust-based geopolymer: Microstructural investigation and performances optimization through response surface methodology
Authors: Mourak Abdellah , Hajjaji Mohamed 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Cement kiln dust (CKD), which consisted of mullite, quartz, fused silica, and calcite (49, 23, 11 and 10 mass%, respectively) was alkali-activated ([NaOH]: 4–12 M) and cured under different conditions (25 ≤ T ≤ 85°C, time (t): up to 30 days). The microstructure of the cured samples was investigated using X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical/physical properties of the cured samples were related to the above factors using response surface methodology. The results showed that increasing the levels of these factors enhanced the reactivity of mullite and quartz, leading thus to the formation of hydrosodalite along with geopolymer. Conversely, a pseudo-amorphous phase along with limited amount of geopolymer occurred with lower levels of the factors. Moreover, samples prepared with concentrated solutions of NaOH or cured at high temperatures were the object of formation of zeolite ZK, and semi-crystallized hydroxysodalite, respectively. Tobermorite and hydroxysodalite were formed at long and short curing times, respectively. The mechanical/physical properties of the cured samples were well related to the operating factors through quadratic models, and their changes were discussed in relation to the microstructure characterization. The results of the desirability approach demonstrated that the optimal values for bending strength, compressive strength, porosity, and water absorption (10.4 MPa, 9.1 MPa, 16.4%, and 28%, respectively) are obtained at: [NaOH] = 10 M, T = 73°C, and t = 23 days. In the light of these results, the CKD is suitable as a binder for mortar and bricks.
Binuclear Cobalt Complex Encapsulated in Zeolites H-Y(5), H-MOR(86), H-ZSM-5 and their Catalytic Oxidation of Cyclohexane
Authors: Parimala Sowmianarayanan , Selvam Parasuraman 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Binuclear Cobalt complex 2,6-bis[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)aminomethyl]-4-methylphenol [Co2L] was encapsulated in zeolites H-Y(5), H-MOR(86) and H-ZSM-5 by ion exchange method and these catalysts, were characterized by FTIR, powder XRD, DRS – UV-Vis and XRF studies. The surface studies performed on the catalysts showed the extent of encapsulation in the cavities of the zeolites. The electrochemical studies of the catalysts showed oxidation-reduction of metal ions whose redox potentials were influenced by the geometry of the zeolite matrix. Oxidation of cyclohexane by tertiary butyl hydroperoxide in the presence of catalysts gave products cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol with almost 99% selectivity towards cyclohexanone. The heterogenized complex displayed higher conversion than the neat complex, which was dependent on the metal content of the catalyst and the acidity of zeolites. The catalysts also showed good reusability with high TON and TOF. The proposed mechanism of oxidation involved the formation of cyclohexyl peroxyl radical, mediated by electron transfer between the peroxide and the metal center. The ΔGET and ΔG0 calculations support the electron transfer process. The kinetic studies of the catalytic oxidation reactions were followed by the initial rate determination method and the results fitted well into the bimolecular second-order rate process.