bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Self‐Construals in the Link Between Anger Regulation and Externalizing Problems in Korean American Adolescents: Testing a Moderated Mediation Model
Authors: Park Irene J. K. , Kim Paul Youngbin 
Published: May 2012

ObjectivesThe present study had two primary aims: (a) to test the mediating role of anger regulation in the relation between family processes and externalizing problems; (b) to test the moderating role of culture (specifically, independent and interdependent self‐construals) in the relation between anger regulation and symptomatology via a moderated mediation model.DesignThe sample comprised 166 Korean American adolescents (54.2% male), who were recruited from the Midwestern region of the United States. Adolescents’ ages ranged from 11‐15 years old (M = 13.0 years; SD = 1.2). Cross‐sectional data were collected via adolescent self‐report questionnaires.ResultsResults indicated that the anger regulation variables (either individually or collectively) mediated the influence of family processes (i.e., family conflict, family cohesion, and father‐adolescent communication) on externalizing problems. Moreover, 2 indirect effects on externalizing problems were conditional upon adolescents’ independent self‐construal.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that clinical intervention efforts for addressing externalizing problems may benefit from targeting anger regulation strategies. However, such interventions should be tailored to consider cultural context, since mediation effects may be moderated by cultural factors such as self‐construal.
Sonographic antenatal diagnosis of congenital dacryocystoceles
Authors: Sotiriou Sotirios , Manolakos Emmanouil , Peitsidis Panagiotis , Garas Antonios 
Published: May 2012

AbstractCongenital dacryocystoceles are a relatively rare variant of nasolacrimal duct obstruction, accounting for only 0.1% of infants with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. We report a new case of bilateral congenital dacrocystoceles diagnosed in an otherwise uncomplicated fetal ultrasound examination during the 33rd week of pregnancy. The diagnosis was confirmed postnatally. The neonate, who did not present postpartum respiratory distress, was scheduled for endoscopic marsupialization‐probing of the cystic structures. Parents must be well informed about the risk of respiratory distress, and facial appearance. Complete resolution is achieved after surgical intervention. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2012
Challenges in T cell receptor gene therapy
Authors: Uttenthal Benjamin J. , Chua Ignatius , Morris Emma C. , Stauss Hans J. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe function of T lymphocytes as orchestrators and effectors of the adaptive immune response is directed by the specificity of their T cell receptors (TCRs). By transferring into T cells the genes encoding antigen‐specific receptors, the functional activity of large populations of T cells can be redirected against defined targets including virally infected or cancer cells. The potential of therapeutic T cells to traffic to sites of disease, to expand and to persist after a single treatment remains a major advantage over the currently available immunotherapies that use monoclonal antibodies. Here we review recent progress in the field of TCR gene therapy, outlining challenges to its successful implementation and the strategies being used to overcome them. We detail strategies used in the optimization of affinity and surface expression of the introduced TCR, the choice of T cell subpopulations for gene transfer, and the promotion of persistence of gene‐modified T cells in vivo. We review the safety concerns surrounding the use of gene‐modified T cells in patients, discussing emerging solutions to these problems, and describe the increasingly positive results from the use of gene‐modified T cells in recent clinical trials of adoptive cellular immunotherapy. The increasing sophistication of measures to ensure the safety of engineered T cells is accompanied by an increasing number of clinical trials: these will be essential to guide the effective translation of cellular immunotherapy from the laboratory to the bedside. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Specific Features of Strain Dependences of Loss Modulus in Highly Stretched Elastomers
Authors: Borodin Igor P. , Borodina Tatyana I. , Khazanovich Theodor N. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe loss modulus E″ in elastomer strips stretched by a factor of λ is studied theoretically. A small oscillating deformation is applied to these strips in the transition frequency zone between the glassy and rubbery states. The range of λ under study ranges up to ultimate extensions close to fracture. A model of E″/λ dependence in the transition frequency zone is suggested that considers the possible distortion in the local chain structure in the ultimate extension range. It is found that E″ in the range of moderate and high λ increases owing to the finite extensibility of the chains. However, upon further extension up to ultimate values, E″ decreases and a maximum appears on the E″/λ curves. These features are also confirmed experimentally. magnified image
The oxysterol receptors lxrα and lxrβ suppress proliferation in the colon
Authors: Vedin Lise‐Lotte , Gustafsson Jan‐Åke , Steffensen Knut R. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe oxysterol receptors LXRα and LXRβ are members of the nuclear receptor family and established transcriptional regulators of lipid metabolism with additional anti‐inflammatory functions. Recent investigations have indicated an important role of LXRs in the control of proliferation. Here we further extend this knowledge to human colon cancer cells and proliferation in mouse colon. We show that activation of LXRs leads to a robust cell cycle arrest in colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines. At the molecular level LXRs control expression of several cell cycle genes including Skp2, c‐Myc, CDKs, cyclins, and p15. Furthermore, activation of LXRs causes hypo‐phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma (Rb) tumor suppressor protein. Experiments performed in vivo show that the colon structure appears to be intact in LXR null mice. However, LXRαβ−/− mice show a significant increase of proliferation markers in colon compared to wild type mice and administration of the LXR specific agonist, GW3965 significantly reduced expression of proliferation in mouse colon. Taken together, these findings point toward a strong anti‐proliferative effect of LXRs in colon revealing the potential of LXR ligands as possible anti cancer agents. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Muti‐Objective Nonlinear Model Predictive Control of Semibatch Polymerization Reactors
Authors: Morales Pilar , Flores‐Tlacuahuac Antonio 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA novel control system for semibatch polymerization reactors based on nonlinear MPC is proposed that is aimed to deal with more than one control objective. Commonly, multi‐objective control problems are reduced to single objective problems, but better control can be achieved by solving the problem as a true multi‐objective optimization problem because the interactions among the control goals are taken into account. Moreover, the selection of subjective weighting functions is avoided. The procedure is based on computing a trade‐off solution among the control objectives that features the minimum distance from a given point on the Pareto front to the Utopia region. To illustrate the application of the multi‐objective nonlinear MPC strategy two complex reaction systems are deployed. magnified image
Arterial input function measurements for bolus tracking perfusion imaging in the brain
Authors: Kellner Elias , Mader Irina , Mix Michael , Splitthoff Daniel Nico , Reisert Marco , Foerster Katharina , Nguyen‐Thanh Thao , Gall Peter , Kiselev Valerij G. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractImaging of cerebral perfusion by tracking the first passage of an exogenous paramagnetic contrast agent (termed dynamic susceptibility contrast, MRI) has been used in the clinical practice for about a decade. However, the primary goal of dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI to directly quantify the local cerebral blood flow remains elusive. The major challenge of dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI is to measure the contrast inflow to the brain, i.e., the arterial input function. The measurement is complicated by the limited dynamic range of MRI pulse sequences that are optimized for a good contrast in brain tissue but are suboptimal for a much higher tracer concentration in arterial blood. In this work, we suggest a novel method for direct arterial input function quantification. The arterial input function is measured in the carotid arteries with a dedicated plug‐in to the conventional pulse sequence to enable resolution of T2 on the order of a millisecond. The new technique is compatible with the clinical measurement protocols. Applied to the pig model (N = 13), the method demonstrates robustness of the arterial input function measurement. The cardiac output and cerebral blood volume, obtained without adjustable parameters, agree well with positron emission tomography measurements and values found in the literature. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Assessment of bias in experimentally measured diffusion tensor imaging parameters using SIMEX
Authors: Lauzon Carolyn B. , Crainiceanu Ciprian , Caffo Brian C. , Landman Bennett A. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractDiffusion tensor imaging enables in vivo investigation of tissue cytoarchitecture through parameter contrasts sensitive to water diffusion barriers at the micrometer level. Parameters are derived through an estimation process that is susceptible to noise and artifacts. Estimated parameters (e.g., fractional anisotropy) exhibit both variability and bias relative to the true parameter value estimated from a hypothetical noise‐free acquisition. Herein, we present the use of the simulation and extrapolation (SIMEX) approach for post hoc assessment of bias in a massively univariate imaging setting and evaluate the potential of a SIMEX‐based bias correction. Using simulated data with known truth models, spatially varying fractional anisotropy bias error maps are evaluated on two independent and highly differentiated case studies. The stability of SIMEX and its distributional properties are further evaluated on 42 empirical diffusion tensor imaging datasets. Using gradient subsampling, an empirical experiment with a known true outcome is designed and SIMEX performance is compared to the original estimator. With this approach, we find SIMEX bias estimates to be highly accurate offering significant reductions in parameter bias for individual datasets and greater accuracy in averaged population‐based estimates. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Simplifications and speedups of the pseudoflow algorithm
Authors: Hochbaum Dorit S. , Orlin James B. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe pseudoflow algorithm for solving the maximum flow and minimum cut problems was devised in Hochbaum (2008). The complexity of the algorithm was shown in (2008) to be O(nm log n). Chandran and Hochbaum, (2009) demonstrated that the pseudoflow algorithm is very efficient in practice, and that the highest label version of the algorithm tends to perform best. Here, we improve the running time of the highest label pseudoflow algorithm to O(n3) using simple data structures and to O(nm log (n2/m)) using the dynamic trees data structure. Both these algorithms use a new form of Depth‐First‐Search implementation that is likely to be fast in practice as well. In addition, we give a new simpler description of the pseudoflow algorithm by relating it to the simplex algorithm as applied to the maximum preflow problem defined here. The interpretation of the generic pseudoflow algorithm as a simplex‐like algorithm for the maximum preflow problem motivates the pseudoflow algorithm and highlights differences between the pseudoflow algorithm and the preflow‐push algorithm of Goldberg and Tarjan. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, 2013
Anti‐VEGF antibody therapy does not promote metastasis in genetically engineered mouse tumour models
Authors: Singh Mallika , Couto Suzana S , Forrest William F , Lima Anthony , Cheng Jason H , Molina Rafael , Long Jason E , Hamilton Patricia , McNutt Angela , Kasman Ian , Nannini Michelle A , Reslan Hani Bou , Cao Tim C , Ho Calvin CK , Barck Kai H , Carano Richard AD , Foreman Oded , Eastham‐Anderson Jeffrey , Jubb Adrian M , Ferrara Napoleone , Johnson Leisa 
Published: May 2012

AbstractResistance to anti‐angiogenic therapy can occur via several potential mechanisms. Unexpectedly, recent studies showed that short‐term inhibition of either VEGF or VEGFR enhanced tumour invasiveness and metastatic spread in preclinical models. In an effort to evaluate the translational relevance of these findings, we examined the consequences of long‐term anti‐VEGF monoclonal antibody therapy in several well‐validated genetically engineered mouse tumour models of either neuroendocrine or epithelial origin. Anti‐VEGF therapy decreased tumour burden and increased overall survival, either as a single agent or in combination with chemotherapy, in all four models examined. Importantly, neither short‐ nor long‐term exposure to anti‐VEGF therapy altered the incidence of metastasis in any of these autochthonous models, consistent with retrospective analyses of clinical trials. In contrast, we observed that sunitinib treatment recapitulated previously reported effects on tumour invasiveness and metastasis in a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (PNET) model. Consistent with these results, sunitinib treatment resulted in an up‐regulation of the hypoxia marker GLUT1 in PNETs, whereas anti‐VEGF did not. These results indicate that anti‐VEGF mediates anti‐tumour effects and therapeutic benefits without a paradoxical increase in metastasis. Moreover, these data underscore the concept that drugs targeting VEGF ligands and receptors may affect tumour metastasis in a context‐dependent manner and are mechanistically distinct from one another. Copyright © 2012 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Presence versus absence of hydrogen bond donor Tyr‐39 influences interactions of cationic trypsin and mesotrypsin with protein protease inhibitors
Authors: Salameh Moh'd A. , Soares Alexei S. , Alloy Alexandre , Radisky Evette S. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractMesotrypsin displays unusual resistance to inhibition by polypeptide trypsin inhibitors and cleaves some such inhibitors as substrates, despite a high degree of conservation with other mammalian trypsins. Substitution of Arg for the generally conserved Gly‐193 has been implicated as a critical determinant of the unusual behavior of mesotrypsin toward protein protease inhibitors. Another relatively conserved residue near the trypsin active site, Tyr‐39, is substituted by Ser‐39 in mesotrypsin. Tyr‐39, but not Ser‐39, forms a hydrogen bond with the main chain amide nitrogen of the P4′ residue of a bound protease inhibitor. To investigate the role of the Tyr‐39 H‐bond in trypsin‐inhibitor interactions, we reciprocally mutated position 39 in mesotrypsin and human cationic trypsin to Tyr‐39 and Ser‐39, respectively. We assessed inhibition constants and cleavage rates of canonical protease inhibitors bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) and the amyloid precursor protein Kunitz protease inhibitor domain by mesotrypsin and cationic trypsin variants, finding that the presence of Ser‐39 relative to Tyr‐39 results in a 4‐ to 13‐fold poorer binding affinity and a 2‐ to 18‐fold increase in cleavage rate. We also report the crystal structure of the mesotrypsin‐S39Y•BPTI complex, in which we observe an H‐bond between Tyr‐39 OH and BPTI Ile‐19 N. Our results indicate that the presence of Ser‐39 in mesotrypsin, and corresponding absence of a single H‐bond to the inhibitor backbone, makes a small but significant functional contribution to the resistance of mesotrypsin to inhibition and the ability of mesotrypsin to proteolyze inhibitors.
Teaching Formulaic Sequences: The Same as or Different From Teaching Single Words?
Authors: Alali Fatima A. , Schmitt Norbert 
Published: May 2012

Formulaic language is an important component of discourse and needs to be addressed in teaching pedagogy. Unfortunately, there has been little research into the most effective ways of teaching formulaic language. In this study, Kuwaiti students were taught words and idioms using the same teaching methodologies, and their learning was measured. The results show that the teaching produced a similar pattern of learning for words as well as idioms, suggesting that at least some of the same types of teaching methodologies we use for individual words can be effective in teaching formulaic sequences. However, the learning of idioms was somewhat lower than that of words. The results also show that reviewing was effective in enhancing the learning to a recall level of mastery, and this was equally true in the learning of words and idioms. Written review was always more effective than oral review. Overall, participants were able to recognize nearly all of the taught words and idioms after 12 days but were able to recall only approximately one‐half of them at best, and usually much less.
Development of Transverse Fault along North Almora Thrust, Kumaun Lesser Himalaya, India: A Study Based on Field and Magnetic Fabrics
Authors: Pant P. D. , Chauhan Ritu , Bhakuni S. S. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Along the North Almora Thrust (NAT) in the Kumaun Lesser Himalaya, a zone of mylonitic rocks has developed due to strain localization during the tectonic emplacement of the Almora Nappe over the Lesser Himalayan Sequence. This zone is referred here as the NAT zone (NATZ) that is dissected by faults, which are transverse to the Himalayan orographic trend and are known as seismically active structures. Trending NNW-SSE these are the Chaukhutiya and Raintoli faults. Two E-W oriented subsidiary brittle faults across the Chaukhutiya Fault are also recognized. Based on the field study and magnetic fabric analysis an attempt has been made to evaluate the deformation and kinematic history of northeastern margin of the Almora Nappe superposed by the Chaukhutiya faulting that coincides with northeastern margin of the NAT. Field study reveals brittle-ductile and brittle regimes of deformation along the Chaukhutiya Fault. Away from the NAT variable attitudes (E-W or ENE-WSW with gentle dip) of field foliation and axial planes of folds are observed, whereas at and near the NAT the attitudes of beds, including curved lithounits, are steeply dipping and are oriented parallel with the NNW-SSE trending NAT. Curvature in fold hinge line and discontinuous occurrence of lithounits are observed along the fault.
Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) study of the rocks was carried out. It reveals that the anisotropy is controlled mostly by paramagnetic minerals, whereas ferromagnetic minerals have played a minor role. High temperature demagnetization through hysteresis curves has yielded negligible contribution of ferromagnetic minerals. The steep magnetic foliation is interpreted to be on account of NE-SW oriented progressive regional compression. Moreover, the magnetic foliation is inferred to represent a secondary foliation due to superimposition on primary foliation. Analyses of AMS and structural data indicate that the Chaukhutiya Fault has a strike-slip right lateral displacement including rotational component. AMS results reveal high anisotropy value (Pj) at the surface trace of the NAT and low anisotropy (Pj) away from it. Variable style of deformation is observed along the transverse fault length.
Compositions and Petrogenetic Significance of the Eudialyte Group Minerals from Sushina, Purulia, West Bengal
Authors: Chakrabarty Aniket , Pruseth Kamal L. , Sen Amit Kumar 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
The eudialyte-group of minerals (EGM) is one of the most important index minerals of the peralkaline (agpaitic) nepheline syenites. They crystallize in varied physico-chemical conditions ranging from the early-magmatic (orthomagmatic) to late-magmatic and even in the post-magmatic (hydrothermal) stage. In India, the only agpaitic nepheline syenite gneisses of the Sushina Hill region contain both late-magmatic as well as hydrothermal eudialytes. Compositionally these are Mn-Nb-Ca rich eudialytes and are comparable to the other EGM occurrences such as Ilímaussaq (Greenland), Tamazeght (Morocco), Mont-Saint Hilaire (Canada) and Pilansberg (South Africa). High Mn content (&gt;6.5 wt.%) for both varieties of the Sushina EGM indicates that they are highly evolved in nature. In terms of the calculated site occupancy, particularly the [M(3)] and [M(2)], the Sushina eudialytes mimic some Pilansberg eudialytes. In addition to the eudialyte, the host nepheline syenite gneiss also contains an unknown Na-Zr-silicate (NZS) which is often found to be replacing both types of eudialytes. Compositionally these NZS can be tentatively represented as Na2Zr2S6O17. These NZS are characterized by much higher Zr, but lower Mn and Nb concentrations compared to the associated eudialytes. Two distinct varieties of eudialyte and NZS indicate subtle changes in the alkalinity during their formations. The formation of the late-magmatic as well as hydrothermal eudialyte essentially took place at somewhat elevated pH conditions. The replacement or alteration of eudialytes by NZS indicates a decreasing pH condition. In terms of the chemical composition the late-magmatic eudialytes can be represented as a solid-solution series between the kentbrooksite-taseqite-aqualite while the hydrothermal eudialyte represents solid-solution between kentbrooksite-taseqite -Ce-zirsilite.
Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of Pyrophyllite Deposit of Madrangjodi, Keonjhar District, Orissa
Authors: Das M. , Monalisa S. M. , Paul A. K. , Mishra R. K. , Mohanty J. K. , Pradhan A. A. , Goswami S. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Pyrophyllite deposit at Madrangjodi is a large lensoidal massif overlain unconformably by Dhanjori quartzite and underlain by the parent Singhbhum granite (Phase – II). Pyrophyllite and quartz are the major minerals with minor to trace amounts of muscovite, chloritoid opaques and tourmaline. It is broadly divisible into lamellar, granular and schistose varieties. SiO2 (66.90-74.36%) and Al2O3 (20.80-27.54%) are the major oxides. The major elements data indicate its derivation from Singhbhum granite with depletion of SiO2 and increment of Al2O3. Trace and REE data are discussed to corroborate its genesis.