bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
U–Pb calcite dating reveals the origin of a 600 km‐long intraplate fault: The Balcones Fault System of Texas
Authors: Hippolyte Jean‐Claude , Mann Paul , Henry Pierre , Guihou Abel , Deschamps Pierre , Ourliac Camille , Godeau Nicolas , Marié Lionnel , Gordon Mark B. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTiming is a key data for understanding the origin of faulting. The Balcones fault system (BFS) extends ~600 km along the northern margin of the Gulf of Mexico oil basin and controls springs that supply the major cities in Texas, but its origin is unclear. We provide its first direct timing by applying U–Pb geochronology on seven calcite‐mineralized fault surfaces. We have found that this extensional fault system formed during the Palaeocene‐middle Eocene time (from 61.3 ± 2.7 to 45.4 ± 2.1 Ma), which is much earlier than previous estimates. We show that the formation of the BFS coincides with the largest clastic influx in the northern Gulf of Mexico basin that resulted from Laramide uplift and erosion. This timing and the location of the BFS along the Ouachita suture, support our interpretation of this fault system formed as the result of lithospheric flexure related to Paleogene sedimentary loading.
Management of massive haemorrhage in transfusion medicine services in the Middle East and North Africa
Authors: Al‐Riyami Arwa Z. , Hejres Suha , Elshafy Sanaa Abd , Al Humaidan Hind , Samaha Hanady 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesMassive transfusion protocols (MTPs) are critical in managing haemorrhage, yet their utilization varies. There is lack of data on the utilization of MTPs in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. This study aims to assess the degree of utilization of MTPs in the region.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a survey to collect data on MTP use, inviting medical directors of transfusion services from various hospitals. Data were analysed to determine the prevalence of MTP utilization, their compositions, challenges in application and areas of future need.ResultsEighteen respondents participated, representing 11 countries in the region. Thirteen hospitals implemented MTP, and eight included paediatrics. Eleven institutions used more than one definition of massive haemorrhage, with the most common being ≥10 red blood cell (RBC) units transfused for adults and replacement of >50% total blood volume in paediatrics. The majority of sites with MTPs utilized 1:1:1 RBCs:platelets:plasma ratio (70%). Variations were observed in the types and blood groups of components used. Two sites utilized whole blood, while six are considering it for future use. Utilization of adjunctive agents and frequency of laboratory testing varied among the sites. Challenges included the lack of medical expertise in protocol development, adherence and paediatric application. The need assessment emphasized the need for developing regional guidelines, standardized protocols and training initiatives.ConclusionAlthough several hospitals have adopted MTPs, variations exist in activation criteria, blood product ratios and monitoring. Challenges include the lack of medical expertise, protocol adherence and addressing paediatric needs. Standardizing protocols, enhancing training and paediatric application are crucial for improving massive transfusion management in the region.
Effects of resistance exercise, collagen ingestion and circulating oestrogen concentration on collagen synthesis in a female athlete: A case report
Authors: Lee Joonsung , Tang Jonathan C. Y. , Dutton John , Dunn Rachel , Fraser William D. , Enright Kevin , Clark David R. , Stewart Claire E. , Erskine Robert M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe investigated the effects of resistance exercise (RE), hydrolysed collagen (HC) ingestion and circulating oestrogen concentration on collagen synthesis in a naturally menstruating female CrossFit athlete. In a double‐blind, randomised cross‐over design, the participant (36 years; height 1.61 m; mass 82.6 kg) consumed 0 or 30 g HC prior to performing back‐squat RE when endogenous circulating oestrogen concentration was low (onset of menses, OM) and high (late follicular phase, LF) during two consecutive menstrual cycles. Ten 5‐mL blood samples were collected during each of the four interventions to analyse concentrations of serum 17β‐oestradiol, and biomarkers of type I collagen turnover, that is serum procollagen type I N‐terminal propeptide (PINP, a biomarker of collagen synthesis) and plasma β‐isomerised C‐terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (β‐CTX, a biomarker of collagen breakdown), as well as the serum concentration of 18 collagen amino acids. 17β‐Oestradiol concentration was 5‐fold higher at LF (891 ± 116 pmol L−1) than OM (180 ± 13 pmol L−1). The PINP concentration × time area under the curve (AUC) was higher in the 30 g HC OM intervention (201 μg L−1 h) than the 30 g HC LF (144 μg L−1 h), 0 g HC OM (151 μg L−1 h) and 0 g HC LF (122 μg L−1 h) interventions. β‐CTX concentration decreased 1.4‐fold from pre‐RE to 6 h post‐RE in all interventions. Thus, high circulating oestrogen concentration was associated with lower collagen synthesis following RE in this female athlete. Ingesting 30 g HC, however, augmented the collagen synthesis response at LF and particularly at OM.
Additional Natural Frequency of the Beam Carrying a Spring-Mass System: Lost and Found
Authors: Zawadzki Matthieu , Elishakoff Isaac 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study revisits the free vibration of a cantilever beam with a mass-spring system attached at the tip of the beam. We recover the natural frequencies that were reported in some special case, and establish that there could be an additional, “lost” frequency that was somehow not uncovered in previous investigations. This frequency is found hereinafter.
Unveiling the fungal diversity and associated secondary metabolism on black apples
Authors: Cowled Michael S. , Phippen Christopher B. W. , Kromphardt Kresten J. K. , Clemmensen Sidsel E. , Frandsen Rasmus J. N. , Frisvad Jens C. , Larsen Thomas O. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Black apples are the result of late-stage microbial decomposition after falling to the ground. This phenomenon is highly comparable from year to year, with the filamentous fungus
Monilinia fructigena
most commonly being the first invader, followed by
Penicillium expansum
. Motivated by the fact that only little chemistry has been reported from apple microbiomes, we set out to investigate the chemical diversity and potential ecological roles of secondary metabolites (SMs) in a total of 38 black apples. Metabolomics analyses were conducted on either whole apples or small excisions of fungal biomass derived from black apples. Annotation of fungal SMs in black apple extracts was aided by the cultivation of 15 recently isolated fungal strains on 9 different substrates in a One Strain Many Compounds (OSMAC) approach, leading to the identification of 3,319 unique chemical features. Only 6.4% were attributable to known compounds based on analysis of high-performance liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC–HRMS/MS) data using spectral library matching tools. Of the 1,606 features detected in the black apple extracts, 32% could be assigned as fungal-derived, due to their presence in the OSMAC-based training data set. Notably, the detection of several antifungal compounds indicates the importance of such compounds for the invasion of and control of other microbial competitors on apples. In conclusion, the diversity and abundance of microbial SMs on black apples were found to be much higher than that typically observed for other environmental microbiomes. Detection of SMs known to be produced by the six fungal species tested also highlights a succession of fungal growth following the initial invader
M. fructigena
.

IMPORTANCE
Microbial secondary metabolites constitute a significant reservoir of biologically potent and clinically valuable chemical scaffolds. However, their usefulness is hampered by rapidly developing resistance, resulting in reduced profitability of such research endeavors. Hence, the ecological role of such microbial secondary metabolites must be considered to understand how best to utilize such compounds as chemotherapeutics. Here, we explore an under-investigated environmental microbiome in the case of black apples; a veritable “low-hanging fruit,” with relatively high abundances and diversity of microbially produced secondary metabolites. Using both a targeted and untargeted metabolomics approach, the interplay between metabolites, other microbes, and the apple host itself was investigated. This study highlights the surprisingly low incidence of known secondary metabolites in such a system, highlighting the need to study the functionality of secondary metabolites in microbial interactions and complex microbiomes.
Draft genome sequence of
Bacillus safensis
strain WOIS2 KX774194, a nitrile-metabolizing bacterium isolated from solid waste leachates at Olusosun dumpsite, Ojota, Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Ogunyemi Adewale K. , Buraimoh Olanike M. , Dauda Wadzani P. , Akapo Olufunmilayo O. , Ogunyemi Bukola C. , Samuel Titilola A. , Ilori Matthew O. , Amund Olukayode O. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Bacillus safensis
strain WOIS2, a nitrile-metabolizing bacterium, was isolated from solid waste leachates at the Olusosun dumpsite, Ojota, Lagos State, Nigeria. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of strain WOIS2. These data provide valuable information on the bioprospecting of
B. safensis
nitrilase and other intriguing genes of interest.
Effectiveness and Safety of Shengmai San for Viral Myocarditis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Zhang Bing-rui , Liu Xue-han , Ling Yu-tong , Lu Chun-li , Jin Xin-yan , Wei Yi-ming , Cai Yi-qing , Robinson Nicola , Liu Jian-ping 
Published: June 2024

Background: Shengmai San (SMS) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula used for supplementing Qi and Yin and can mitigate symptoms related to malignant arrhythmia and heart failure. This systematic review aimed at exploring the effectiveness and safety of SMS for viral myocarditis (VMC).Methods: Eight databases from their inception to June 2023 were searched to identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focusing on SMS for VMC. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool was used to assess methodological quality. Mean difference (MD), standardized mean difference (SMD), and risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated and input into the meta‐analysis using RevMan 5.4.Results: Forty‐four RCTs were included involving 4298 participants. The interventions included 29 types of modified SMS decoctions and 15 patent medicines. Overall study quality was low. Compared with western medicine (WM), SMS was associated with higher recovery rate from palpitations (RR 2.3, 95% CI 1.59, 3.33, 2 RCTs, n = 89), chest pain (RR 1.57, 95% CI [1.17, 2.09], 2 RCTs, n = 89), and lower cTnI (MD −0.82 ng/ml, 95% CI −0.98, −0.66, 1 RCT, n = 60). SMS plus WM was more effective than WM in palpitation recovery rate (RR 1.52, 95% CI 1.21, 1.92, 3 RCTs, n = 136), dyspnea recovery rate (RR 1.47, 95% CI 1.12, 1.94, 3 RCT, n = 267), ECG (RR 1.43, 95% CI 1.32, 1.55, 20 RCT, n = 2035), CK‐MB (MD −6.36, 95% CI −8.43, −4.28, 8 RCT, n = 946), and cTnI (MD −0.06, 95% CI −0.06, −0.05, 3 RCT, n = 307). No serious adverse events were reported using SMS alone or in combination with WM.Conclusion: SMS used alone or combined with WM may have potential effectiveness on symptom alleviation, ECG recovery rate, myocardial injury markers, and cardiac function, but the effectiveness is uncertain due to the low quality and absence of placebo‐controlled trials. The exact efficacy of SMS for VMC needs to be confirmed by high‐quality double‐blind RCTs in the future.
Deletion of Talin1 in Myeloid Cells Facilitates Atherosclerosis in Mice
Authors: Shi Huiping , Song Jianhua , Gao Liang , Shan Xindi , Panicker Sumith R. , Yao Longbiao , McDaniel Michael , Zhou Meixiang , McGee Samuel , Zhong Hui , Griffin Courtney T. , Xia Lijun , Shao Bojing 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:
Integrin-regulated monocyte recruitment and cellular responses of monocyte-derived macrophages are critical for the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In the canonical model, talin1 controls ligand binding to integrins, a prerequisite for integrins to mediate leukocyte recruitment and induce immune responses. However, the role of talin1 in the development of atherosclerosis has not been studied. Our study investigated how talin1 in myeloid cells regulates the progression of atherosclerosis.

METHODS:

On an
Apoe

−/−

background, myeloid talin1-deficient mice and the control mice were fed with a high-fat diet for 8 or 12 weeks to induce atherosclerosis. The atherosclerosis development in the aorta and monocyte recruitment into atherosclerotic lesions were analyzed.

RESULTS:

Myeloid talin1 deletion facilitated the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and macrophage deposition in lesions. Talin1 deletion abolished integrin β2–mediated adhesion of monocytes but did not impair integrin α4β1–dependent cell adhesion in a flow adhesion assay. Strikingly, talin1 deletion did not prevent Mn
2+
- or chemokine-induced activation of integrin α4β1 to the high-affinity state for ligands. In an in vivo competitive homing assay, monocyte infiltration into inflamed tissues was prohibited by antibodies to integrin α4β1 but was not affected by talin1 deletion or antibodies to integrin β2. Furthermore, quantitative polymerase chain reaction and ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) analysis showed that macrophages produced cytokines to promote inflammation and the proliferation of smooth muscle cells. Ligand binding to integrin β3 inhibited cytokine generation in macrophages, although talin1 deletion abolished the negative effects of integrin β3.

CONCLUSIONS:
Integrin α4β1 controls monocyte recruitment during atherosclerosis. Talin1 is dispensable for integrin α4β1 activation to the high-affinity state and integrin α4β1–mediated monocyte recruitment. Yet, talin1 is required for integrin β3 to inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines in macrophages. Thus, intact monocyte recruitment and elevated inflammatory responses cause enhanced atherosclerosis in talin1-deficient mice. Our study provides novel insights into the roles of myeloid talin1 and integrins in the progression of atherosclerosis.
The efficacy, safety and effectiveness of hyperoncotic albumin solutions in patients with sepsis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bannard-Smith Jonathan , Elrakhawy Mohamed , Norman Gill , Owen Rhiannon , Felton Tim , Dark Paul 
Published: June 2024

Background: Intravenous fluid therapy is a ubiquitous intervention for the management of patients with sepsis, however excessive cumulative fluid balance has been shown to result in worse outcomes. Hyperoncotic albumin is presented in low volumes, is an effective resuscitation fluid and may have effects beyond plasma volume expansion alone. This systematic review aimed to assess the efficacy, safety and effectiveness of hyperoncotic albumin solutions in the management of sepsis. Methods: We searched four databases and two trial registries for controlled clinical trials of hyperoncotic albumin for management of sepsis. Review outcomes were mortality, need for renal replacement therapy, cumulative-fluid balance, and need for organ support. We used methods guided by the Cochrane Handbook for reviews of clinical interventions. Studies were assessed using Cochrane’s Risk of Bias 2 tool. We performed pairwise meta-analysis where possible. Certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE. Results: We included six trials; four (2772 patients) were meta-analysed. Most studies had moderate or high risk of bias. There was no significant difference in 28-day mortality for septic patients receiving hyperoncotic albumin compared to other intravenous fluids (OR 0.95, [95% CI: 0.8–1.12]); in patients with septic shock (2013 patients) there was a significant reduction (OR 0.82 [95% CI: 0.68–0.98]). There was no significant difference in safety outcomes. Hyperoncotic albumin was associated with variable reduction in early cumulative fluid balance and faster resolution of shock. Conclusions: There is no good-quality evidence to support the use of hyperoncotic albumin in patients with sepsis, but it may reduce short-term mortality in the sub-groups with septic shock. It appears safe in terms of need for renal replacement therapy and is associated with reduced early cumulative fluid balance and faster resolution of shock. Larger, better quality randomised controlled trials in patients with septic shock may enhance the certainty of these findings. Review registration: PROSPERO ref: CRD42021150674
Upregulated miR-146b-3p predicted rheumatoid arthritis development and regulated TNF-α-induced excessive proliferation, motility, and inflammation in MH7A cells
Authors: Ma Linxiao , Liu Huijie , Shao Ping , Lv Qian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic immune system disease with a high disability rate threatening the living quality of patients. Identifying potential biomarkers for RA is of necessity to improve the prevention and management of RA.

Objectives
This study focused on miR-146b-3p evaluating its clinical significance and revealing the underlying regulatory mechanisms.

Materials and methods
A total of 107 RA patients were enrolled, and both serum and synovial tissues were collected. Another 78 osteoarthritis patients (OA, providing synovial tissues), and 72 healthy individuals (providing serum samples) were enrolled as the control group. The expression of miR-146b-3p was analyzed by PCR and analyzed with ROC and Pearson correlation analyses evaluating its significance in diagnosis and development prediction of RA patients. In vitro, MH7A cells were treated with TNF-α. The regulation of cell proliferation, motility, and inflammation by miR-146b-3p was assessed by CCK8, Transwell, and ELISA assays.

Results
Significant upregulation of miR-146b-3p was observed in serum and synovial tissues of RA patients, which distinguished RA patients and were positively correlated with the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP), and rheumatoid factor (RF) of RA patients. TNF-α promoted the proliferation and motility of MH7A cells and induced significant inflammation in cells. Silencing miR-146b-3p alleviated the effect of TNF-α and negatively regulated the expression of HMGCR. The knockdown of HMGCR reversed the protective effect of miR-146b-3p silencing on TNF-α-stimulated MH7A cells.

Conclusions
Increased miR-146b-3p served as a biomarker for the diagnosis and severity of RA. Silencing miR-146b-3p could suppress TNF-α-induced excessive proliferation, motility, and inflammation via regulating HMGCR in MH7A cells.
Vibrio cholerae O1 and Escherichia coli O157:H7 from drinking water and wastewater in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Mogessie Helina , Legesse Mengistu , Hailu Aklilu Feleke , Teklehaymanot Tilahun , Alemayehu Haile , Abubeker Rajiha , Ashenafi Mogessie 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, open ditches along innner roads in residential areas serve to convey domestic wastewater and rainwater away from residences. Contamination of drinking water by wastewater through faulty distribution lines could expose households to waterborne illnesses. This prompted the study to assess the microbiological safety of wastewater and drinking water in Addis Ababa, identify the pathogens therein, and determine their antibiotic resistance patterns.

Results Vibrio cholerae
O1, mainly Hikojima serotype, was isolated from 23 wastewater and 16 drinking water samples. Similarly, 19 wastewater and 10 drinking water samples yielded Escherichia coli O157:H7. V. cholerae O1 were 100% resistant to the penicillins (Amoxacillin and Ampicillin), and 51–82% were resistant to the cephalosporins. About 44% of the V. cholerae O1 isolates in this study were Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producers. Moreover, 26% were resistant to Meropenem. Peperacillin/Tazobactam was the only effective β-lactam antibiotic against V. cholerae O1. V. cholerae O1 isolates showed 37 different patterns of multiple resistance ranging from a minimum of three to a maximum of ten antimicrobials. Of the E. coli O157:H7 isolates, 71% were ESBL producers. About 96% were resistant to Ampicillin. Amikacin and Gentamicin were very effective against E. coli O157:H7 isolates. The isolates from wastewater and drinking water showed multiple antibiotic resistance against three to eight antibiotic drugs.

Conclusions
Open ditches for wastewater conveyance along innner roads in residence areas and underground faulty municipal water distribution lines could be possible sources for V. cholerae O1 and E. coli O157:H7 infections to surrounding households and for dissemination of multiple drug resistance in humans and, potentially, the environment.
Comparison of conventional MRI analysis versus MRI-based radiomics to predict the circumferential margin resection involvement of rectal cancer
Authors: Liang Hong , Ma Dongnan , Ma Yanqing , Hang Yuan , Guan Zheng , Zhang Yang , Wei Yuguo , Wang Peng , Zhang Ming 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
To compare the application of conventional MRI analysis and MRI-based radiomics to identify the circumferential resection margin (CRM) status of rectal cancer (RC).

Methods
A cohort of 301 RC patients with 66 CRM invloved status and 235 CRM non-involved status were enrolled in this retrospective study between September 2017 and August 2022. Conventional MRI characteristics included gender, age, diameter, distance to anus, MRI-based T/N phase, CEA, and CA 19 − 9, then the relevant logistic model (Logistic-cMRI) was built. MRI-based radiomics of rectal cancer and mesorectal fascia were calculated after volume of interest segmentation, and the logistic model of rectal cancer radiomics (Logistic-rcRadio) and mesorectal fascia radiomics (Logistic-mfRadio) were constructed. And the combined nomogram (nomo-cMRI/rcRadio/mfRadio) containing conventional MRI characteristics, radiomics of rectal cancer and mesorectal fascia was developed. The receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) was delineated and the area under curve (AUC) was calculated the efficiency of models.

Results
The AUC of Logistic-cMRI was 0.864 (95%CI, 0.820 to 0.901). The AUC of Logistic-rcRadio was 0.883 (95%CI, 0.832 to 0.928) in the training set and 0.725 (95%CI, 0.616 to 0.826) in the testing set. The AUCs of Logistic-mfRadio was 0.891 (95%CI, 0.838 to 0.936) in the training set and 0.820 (95%CI, 0.725 to 0.905) in the testing set. The AUCs of nomo-cMRI/rcRadio/mfRadio were the highest in both the training set of 0.942 (95%CI, 0.901 to 0.969) and the testing set of 0.909 (95%CI, 0.830 to 0.959).

Conclusion
MRI-based radiomics of rectal cancer and mesorectal fascia showed similar efficacy in predicting the CRM status of RC. The combined nomogram performed better in assessment.