bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Tryptophan Derivatives by a Tandem Friedel—Crafts Conjugate Addition/Asymmetric Protonation Reaction.
Authors: Kieffer Madeleine E. , Repka Lindsay M. , Reisman Sarah E. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe reaction of substituted indoles with methyl 2‐acetamidoacrylate (II) catalyzed by (R)‐3,3′‐dibromo‐BINOL and SnCl4, leads to synthetic tryptophan derivatives in good yields and high enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Antiinflammatory and PPAR Transactivational Effects of Secondary Metabolites from the Roots of Asarum sieboldii.
Authors: Quang Tran Hong , Nguyen Thi Thanh Ngan , Minh Chau Van , Kiem Phan Van , Tai Bui Huu , Nguyen Phuong Thao , Song Seok Bean , Kim Young Ho 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA new compound, 5′‐O‐methylpluviatilol (I), is isolated from the roots of Asarum sieboldii along with twelve known compounds.
Ethoxy‐substituted Oligo‐phenylenevinylene‐Bridged Organic Dyes for Efficient Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Shan Yifan , Tang Jie , Lai Hua , Tan Hongwei , Liu Xiaofeng , Yang Fan , Fang Qiang 
Published: July 2012

AbstractOrganic dyes with ethoxy‐substituted oligo‐phenylenevinylene as chromophores were synthesized for dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), and the detailed relationships between the dye structures, photophysical properties, electrochemical properties, and performances of DSSCs were described. The dye S3O showed broad IPCE spectra in the spectral range of 350–750 nm, and the dye S1P showed solar energy‐to‐electricity conversion efficiency (() of up to 4.23% under AM 1.5 irradiation (100 mW/cm2) in comparison with the reference Ru‐complex (N719 dye) with an η value of 5.90% under similar experimental conditions.
Immobilization and Bioelectrochemistry of Hemoglobin Based on Carrageenan and Room Temperature Ionic Liquid Composite Film
Authors: Sheng Chun , Zhang Yang , Wang Lu , Jia Nengqin 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA novel biopolymer/room‐temperature ionic liquid composite film based on carrageenan, room temperature ionic liquid (IL) [1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetra?uoroborate ([BMIM]BF4)] was explored for immobilization of hemoglobin (Hb) and construction of biosensor. Direct electrochemistry and electrocatalytic behaviors of Hb entrapped in the IL‐carrageenan composite ?lm on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) were investigated. UV‐vis spectroscopy demonstrated that Hb in the IL‐carrageenan composite ?lm could retain its native secondary structure. A pair of well‐de?ned redox peaks of Hb was obtained at the Hb‐IL‐carrageenan composite ?lm modi?ed electrode through direct electron transfer between the protein and the underlying electrode. The heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant (ks) was 2.02 s−1, indicating great facilitation of the electron transfer between Hb and IL‐carrageenan composite film modi?ed electrode. The modi?ed electrode showed excellent electrocatalytic activity toward reduction of hydrogen peroxide with a linear range of 5.0×10−6 to 1.5×10−4 mol/L and the detection limit was 2.12×10−7 mol/L (S/N=3). The apparent Michaelis‐Menten constant KMapp for hydrogen peroxide was estimated to be 0.02 mmol/L, indicating that the biosensor possessed high af?nity to hydrogen peroxide. In addition, the proposed biosensor showed good reproducibility and stability.
Prediction of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients Undergoing Operations for Rheumatic Aortic Valve Disease
Authors: Yan Tao , Zhang Guan‐xin , Li Bai‐ling , Han Lin , Zang Jia‐jie , Li Li , Xu Zhi‐yun 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackground:We sought to develop and validate a logistic model and a simple score system for prediction of significant coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients undergoing operations for rheumatic aortic valve disease.Hypothesis:The simple score model we established based on the logistic model was efficient and practical.Methods:A total of 669 rheumatic patients (mean age 51 ± 9 years), who underwent routine coronary angiography (CAG) before aortic valve surgery between 1998 and 2010, were analyzed. A bootstrap‐validated logistic regression model on the basis of clinical risk factors was developed to identify low‐risk (≤5%) patients, from which an additive model was derived. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to compare discrimination, and precision was quantified by the Hosmer‐Lemeshow statistic. Significant coronary atherosclerosis was defined as 50% or more luminal narrowing in 1 or more major epicardial vessels determined by means of coronary angiography.Results:Eighty‐eight (13.2%) patients had significant coronary atherosclerosis. Independent predictors of CAD include age, angina, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. A total of 325 patients were designated as low risk according to the bootstrap logistic regression and additive models. Of these patients, only 4 (1.2%) had single‐vessel disease, and none had high‐risk CAD (ie, left main trunk, proximal left anterior descending, or multivessel disease). The bootstrap logistic regression and additive models show good discrimination, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.948 and 0.942, respectively.Conclusions:Our logistic regression model can reliably estimate the prevalence of significant CAD in rheumatic patients undergoing aortic valve operation, while the additive simple score system could reliably identify the low‐risk patients in whom routine preoperative angiography might be safely avoided. Clin. Cardiol. 2012 doi: 10.1002/clc.22033The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.Dr. Guan‐xin Zhang and Dr. Bai‐ling Li have contributed equally to the work. Dr. Lin‐han is co‐corresponding author (sh_hanlin@hotmail.com).
Power‐aware scheduling with effective task migration for real‐time multicore embedded systems
Authors: March José Luis , Sahuquillo Julio , Petit Salvador , Hassan Houcine , Duato José 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYA major design issue in embedded systems is reducing the power consumption because batteries have a limited energy budget. For this purpose, several techniques such as dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) or task migration are being used. DVFS allows reducing power by selecting the optimal voltage supply, whereas task migration achieves this effect by balancing the workload among cores. This paper focuses on power‐aware scheduling allowing task migration to reduce energy consumption in multicore embedded systems implementing DVFS capabilities. To address energy savings, the devised schedulers follow two main rules: migrations are allowed at specific points of time and only one task is allowed to migrate each time. Two algorithms have been proposed working under real‐time constraints. The simpler algorithm, namely, single option migration (SOM) only checks just one target core before performing a migration. In contrast, the multiple option migration (MOM) searches the optimal target core. In general, the MOM algorithm achieves better energy savings than the SOM algorithm, although differences are wider for a reduced number of cores and frequency/voltage levels. Moreover, the MOM algorithm reduces energy consumption as much as 40% over the worst fit algorithm. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Layer‐By‐Layer Self‐Assembly of Sulphydryl‐Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes and Phosphate‐Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles: Detection of Hydrazine
Authors: Zhang Fan , Zhang Lu , Xing Junfei , Tang Yawen , Chen Yu , Zhou Yiming , Lu Tianhong , Xia Xinghua 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe sulphydryl‐functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT‐SH) are synthesized by π–π stacking interaction between 2‐naphthalenethiol (NAT) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy confirm sulphydryl groups attach on MWCNT surface. Meanwhile, the phosphate‐functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuP–NPs) are obtained by using an improved phosphorus reduction method. On the basis of the AuS bond interaction between MWCNT‐SH and AuP–NPs, the all‐solid‐state multilayered nanostructures of MWCNT/AuP–NPs are readily formed onto an electrode surface by using the layer‐by‐layer (LBL) self‐assembly method. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy (UV/Vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and cyclic voltammetry (CV) are used to characterize the film assembly process. Electrochemical investigations demonstrate that the assembled nanostructures films possess excellent electrocatalytic activity toward hydrazine oxidation as a result of the “clean” surface of AuP–NPs, and thus can be used as an electrochemical sensor for hydrazine detection with the wide linear range (6.0×10−7 to 9.0×10−3 M) and the low detection limit (2.0×10−7 M). This demonstration offers a new route to synthesis of CNTs/metal–NPs multilayered films, which is believed to be useful for the fundamental investigations of CNTs/metal–NPs nanohybrids and their possible applications.
2,3,4,5‐Tetraphenylbiphenyl‐Containing CuI/ReI Complexes: Synthesis, Property Analysis and Theoretical Studies
Authors: Xiang Quan , Sun Xin , Zhu Guoyu , Sun Haiying , Wan Yuchun , Si Zhenjun , Duan Qian 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe diimine compound 1‐[(2′,3′,4′,5′‐tetraphenylbiphenyl‐4‐yl)methyl]‐2‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazole (Ph6PyMz) has been designed and synthesized in order to prepare [Cu(Ph6PyMz)(DPEphos)]BF4 {DPEphos = bis[2‐(diphenylphosphanyl)phenyl] ether} and [RePh6PyMz(CO)3Br]. The molecular structures of [Cu(Ph6PyMz)(DPEphos)]BF4 and [RePh6PyMz(CO)3Br] were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy, and their properties were systematically studied by thermal‐stability analyses, photophysical analyses, and electrochemistry. It was found that [Cu(Ph6PyMz)(DPEphos)]BF4 and [RePh6PyMz(CO)3Br] mainly give triplet‐ligand‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer transition emission in CH2Cl2 solution and pure triplet‐metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer transition emission in the solid state. The different photophysical behaviors of [Cu(Ph6PyMz)(DPEphos)]BF4 and [RePh6PyMz(CO)3Br] in different states has been attributed to solvent effects and their higher freedom in CH2Cl2 solution. The energy levels of the highest‐occupied and lowest‐unoccupied molecular orbitals were measured to be –5.76 and –3.11 eV for [Cu(Ph6PyMz)(DPEphos)]BF4 and –5.69 and –3.42 eV for [RePh6PyMz(CO)3Br], respectively. Finally, the ground‐state geometrical structures and the UV/Vis absorption spectra in CH2Cl2 solution were theoretically simulated for [Cu(Ph6PyMz)(DPEphos)]BF4 and [RePh6PyMz(CO)3Br].
Amide‐Functionalized Bis(NHC) Systems: Anion Effect on Gold–Gold Interactions
Authors: Hemmert Catherine , Poteau Romuald , dit Dominique François Jean‐Baptiste , Ceroni Paola , Bergamini Giacomo , Gornitzka Heinz 
Published: July 2012

AbstractDinuclear dicationic gold complexes containing amide‐functionalized bis(NHC) ligands exhibit aurophilic interactions in the presence of halogen counterions, as shown in compounds 5 and 6. DFT calculations confirmed the stability of these geometries and predicted longer gold···gold distances in the absence of halogen anions. This was confirmed by employing a “non‐interactive” anion like tetraphenylborate in complex 8. Both types of complexes were unambiguously characterized by X‐ray analysis. Furthermore, only complexes 5 and 6 containing the halogen anions are luminescent in the solid state and in a water matrix at 77 K.
Significance of residual drifts in building earthquake loss estimation
Authors: Ramirez C. Marcelo , Miranda Eduardo 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYThe influence of residual interstorey drifts on economic losses in building resulting from earthquakes is examined. Current building‐specific loss estimation methodologies that estimate economic losses based on peak response quantities such as peak interstorey drift ratios or peak floor accelerations are extended to explicitly account for residual interstorey drifts. The new approach incorporates the influence of residual drifts by accounting for the possibility of having to demolish a building as a result of excessive residual interstorey drifts, where the probability of demolition is computed as a function of the maximum residual drift in the building. The proposed approach is illustrated by estimating direct economic seismic losses in four reinforced concrete moment‐resisting frame buildings in Los Angeles, California. Two buildings have nonductile detailing representative of pre‐1970s building codes, whereas the other two buildings have ductile requirements satisfying current seismic building codes in the U.S. Results indicate that economic losses at intermediate levels of ground motion intensity are often dominated by losses due to residual interstorey drifts. This is particularly true in the case of ductile buildings in which neglecting losses from residual drifts can lead to significant underestimations of economic losses. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Variation of modal parameters of a highway bridge extracted from six earthquake records
Authors: Gomez Hugo C. , Ulusoy Hasan S. , Feng Maria Q. 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYBetween 2005 and 2010 six earthquakes triggered a monitoring system consisting of 11 acceleration channels installed on the West Street On‐Ramp, a three‐span curved highway bridge located in the city of Anaheim, California. In this paper, three different system identification techniques are applied to the acceleration records to investigate and corroborate the dynamic properties of the bridge, that is, vibration frequencies, associated damping ratios and mode shapes. The identification techniques are applied to each one of the six seismic events. The identified frequencies and damping ratios are shown to be dependent variables of the earthquake intensity. In general, larger earthquake intensities result in reduced vibration frequencies and higher damping ratios of the bridge. Sensitivity analysis using a simple finite element model reveals that soil softening at the abutments considerably contributes to the variation in frequencies because of changes in the support conditions and ultimately in the global stiffness of the structure. In addition, mathematical models in the state space description are identified from the recorded response and excitation measurements. The state space models successfully replicate the bridge measured response to the earthquake from which it is constituted. The models also provide a reasonable prediction of the bridge response to a different earthquake. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Economists are not dismal, the world is not a Petri dish and other reasons for optimism
Authors: Tiffin Richard 
Published: July 2012

AbstractOne of the recurrent themes in the debate around how to ensure global food security concerns the capacity of the planet to support its growing population. Neo‐Malthusian thinking suggests that we are in a situation in which further expansion of the population cannot be supported and that the population checks, with their dismal consequences envisaged by Malthus, will lead to a new era of stagnant incomes and population. More sophisticated models of the link between population and income are less gloomy, however. They see population growth as an integral component of the economic growth which is necessary to ensure that the poorest achieve food security. An undue focus on the difficulties of meeting the demands of the increasing population risks damaging this growth. Instead, attention should be focused on ensuring that the conditions to ensure that economic growth accompanies population growth are in place.
A Mathematical Model of SOFC: A Proposal
Authors: Milewski J. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe mathematical model of the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is presented. The new approach for modeling the voltage of SOFC is proposed. Electrochemical, thermal, electrical, and flow parameters are collected in the 0D mathematical model. The aim was to combine all cell working conditions in as a low number of factors as possible and to have the factors relatively easy to determine. A validation process for various experimental data was made and adequate results are shown. The presented model was validated for various fuel mixtures in relatively wide ranges of parameters as well as for various cell design parameters (e.g. electrolyte thickness, anode porosity, etc.). A distinction is made between the “design‐point” and “off‐design operation”.
MicroRNA profiling of primary high‐grade soft tissue sarcomas
Authors: Renner Marcus , Czwan Esteban , Hartmann Wolfgang , Penzel Roland , Brors Benedikt , Eils Roland , Wardelmann Eva , Büttner Reinhard , Lichter Peter , Schirmacher Peter , Mechtersheimer Gunhild 
Published: July 2012

AbstractHigh‐grade soft tissue sarcomas are a heterogeneous and complex group of tumors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are considered as attractive candidates that may improve diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive characterization of this group of malignancies. We performed a comprehensive miRNA expression analysis in a series of 76 untreated, primary high‐grade soft tissue sarcomas representing eight subtypes, and in a panel of 15 representative sarcoma cell lines using microarray technology. This screening revealed unique miRNA expression patterns for synovial sarcomas, myxoid liposarcomas, and leiomyosarcomas, and defined unique sets of miRNAs discriminating the different liposarcoma subtypes from non‐neoplastic adipose tissue. The over‐represented miRNAs included members of the miR‐200 family in synovial sarcomas, and the tumor‐associated miR‐9 and miR‐9* in myxoid liposarcomas compared to adipose tissue. Moreover, we found coexpression of 63 miRNAs clustering in a genetically imprinted chromosomal region 14q32.2 separating primary sarcoma samples and sarcoma cell lines into two molecular subgroups. Taken together, our comprehensive miRNA profiling identified a novel set of miRNAs that might contribute to sarcomagenesis and provide a starting point for experimental modulation of relevant targets for new therapeutic strategies in high‐grade sarcomas. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Focal adhesion kinase overexpression: Correlation with lymph node metastasis and shorter survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: de Vicente Juan Carlos , Rosado Pablo , Lequerica‐Fernández Paloma , Allonca Eva , Villallaín Lucas , Hernández‐Vallejo Gonzalo 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackgroundFocal adhesion kinase (FAK) has been identified as a key mediator in tumor progression. The objective of this study was to determine the role of FAK as a predictor of neck node metastasis and poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs).MethodsFAK expression in normal oral mucosa and in 69 OSCCs was examined by immunohistochemistry, and the percentage of stained cells was recorded. The correlation of these findings with clinicopathologic variables and survival was studied.ResultsFAK expression in OSCCs was heterogeneous: 33.3% of cases showed weak expression; 23.2%, moderate expression, and 33.3% cases showed high expression. FAK expression significantly correlated with tumor size (p = .010), neck node metastasis (p = .01), and local tumor recurrence (p = .01). FAK expression was an independent prognostic factor in the survival analysis (p = .017).ConclusionsIncreased expression of FAK may play a role in invasiveness and metastasis of OSCCs, which contribute to poor prognosis and low survival. Head Neck, 2012
Between professional dignity and economic interests—evidence based on a survey of Taiwan's primary care physicians
Authors: Chen Michael S. , Lee Chiachi Bonnie 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYObjectiveIf the entirety of professional autonomy must be compromised in the face of a state‐run social insurance, physicians may choose to preserve only certain dimensions of their professional autonomy. This study tests the relative importance of the target‐income hypothesis versus the professional allegiance hypothesis in explaining physicians' behavior by collating economic interests against professional dignity.Data and methodA self‐administered questionnaire was used to collect the response data from the 1244 physicians who practiced as office‐based providers under the contract with the National Health Insurance (NHI) in the South Region of Taiwan and had experienced a change in the utilization review system; 394 (31%) physicians completed the questionnaire. Chi‐squared analysis, logistical ordered regression, and odds‐ratio analysis were conducted to test the effects of the physicians' experience with the utilization review system on their satisfaction with the NHI program.ResultThe ordered logistical regression verified the hypotheses of physicians' experiences on the satisfaction of the professional‐controlled review system, and the odds‐ratio analysis suggested that the physicians might give considerable value to their professional dignity. This effect was strong enough to balance out that of the loss in economic interests as the odds ratio was 0.5667 with the 95% confidence interval being (0.1014, 3.1682), which includes the odds ratio of 1.ConclusionEconomic incentives should not always take center stage if the policy makers are to co‐opt physicians. The professional allegiance hypothesis is at work as strongly as the target‐income hypothesis. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measurements by spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography systems using a phantom eye model
Authors: de Kinkelder Roy , de Bruin Daniel M. , Verbraak Frank D. , van Leeuwen Ton G. , Faber Dirk J. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractTo quantify differences in nerve fiber layer thickness measurements by various spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT) systems, we developed a phantom eye model. We tested twelve SD‐OCT systems of four manufacturers. All systems combined overestimated the 49 µm thick phantom RNFL thickness on average by 18 µm. Within brands, thickness measurements differed statistically significant for one Topcon, one RTVue and one Cirrus. Between brands, thickness determined with RTVue and Topcon differed statistically significant from Cirrus and Spectralis. The maximum difference between mean thicknesses is 3.6 µm within brands and 7.7 µm between brands. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Plasma Amyloid‐BetaPeptides in Acute Cerebral Ischemia: A Pilot Study
Authors: Bibl Mirko , Welge Volker , Schmidt Holger , Esselmann Hermann , Mollenhauer Brit , Lewczuk Piotr , Otto Markus , Kornhuber Johannes , Wiltfang Jens 
Published: July 2012

BackgroundBlood‐based tests for a rapid and valid diagnosis as well as outcome prognosis of acute stroke are desirable. Recently, plasma Aβ40 was suggested as an independent cerebrovascular risk factor candidate.MethodsWe investigated eight plasma samples of patients with clinical signs of acute cerebral ischemia for derangements of plasma amyloid‐beta (Aβ) peptide patterns as compared to 13 patients with other neuropsychiatric diseases. For the analysis of plasma, we used immunoprecipitation followed by the quantitative Aβ‐SDS‐PAGE/immunoblot.ResultsThe major outcome was a striking decrease of Aβ1–40 in plasma paralleled by an increase in the ratio of Aβ1–38/Aβ1–40 in two patients with acute stroke. Interestingly, these patients had an onset of symptoms within only 2–4 hr before venous puncture and there was a strong correlation of Aβ1–38/Aβ1–40 levels with the time span between onset of symptoms and venous puncture.ConclusionFrom these results, we suggest the ratio of plasma Aβ1–38/Aβ1–40 as a possible biomarker for the early diagnosis of acute stroke. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 26:238‐245, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.