bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liquid‐phase‐based separation systems for depletion, prefractionation and enrichment of proteins in biological fluids and matrices for in‐depth proteomics analysis – An update covering the period 2008–2011
Authors: Selvaraju Subhashini , El Rassi Ziad 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThis review article expands on the previous one (Jmeian, Y. and El Rassi, Z. Electrophoresis 2009, 30, 249–261) by reviewing pertinent literature in the period extending from early 2008 to the present. Similar to the previous review article, the present one is concerned with proteomic sample preparation (e.g. depletion of high‐abundance proteins, reduction of the protein dynamic concentration range, enrichment of a particular subproteome), and the subsequent chromatographic and/or electrophoretic prefractionation prior to peptide separation and identification by LC‐MS/MS. This review article differs from the first version published in Electrophoresis 2009, 30, 249–261 by expanding on capturing/enriching subglycoproteomics by lectin affinity chromatography. Ninety‐eight articles published in the period extending from early 2008 to the present have been reviewed. By no means is this review article exhaustive: its aim is to give a concise report on the latest developments in the field.
Tin‐containing layered double hydroxides: Synthesis and application in poly(vinyl chloride) cable formulations
Authors: Zheng Xiaoran , Cusack Paul A. 
Published: November 2011

SUMMARYLayered double hydroxides (LDHs) and Sn‐containing LDHs have been synthesized using a co‐precipitation method, and the resulting products have been characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller(BET) surface area measurement, clearly showing that Sn‐containing LDH hybrids have been successfully prepared. TEM shows the ‘house‐of‐cards’ structure of the Sn‐LDHs produced, resulting from the edge‐to‐face interaction of the LDH layers. Higher tin levels lead to an additional magnesium hydroxystannate, MgSn(OH)6, (‘MHS’) phase that is present in the form of approximately 40‐nm cubic particles in an LDH/MHS hybrid structure. FTIR and XRD suggest that, at low levels of Sn, the Sn4+may exist in the form of amorphous hydrated tin(IV) oxide rather than being incorporated into the LDH lattice. These powders have been compounded into poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), and their fire performance has been evaluated using limited oxygen index and cone calorimeter techniques. Peak rate of heat release and smoke parameter can be reduced by 64% and 81%, respectively, when replacing 10 wt% of the primary ATH fire‐retardant filler by the synthesized Sn‐LDHs, while keeping the total fire‐retardant loading at 100 phr. Thermogravimetric analysis indicates that Sn‐LDH is an effective char promoter for PVC. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sifting the wheat from the chaff: prioritizing GWAS results by identifying consistency across analytical methods
Authors: Oldmeadow Christopher , Riveros Carlos , Holliday Elizabeth G. , Scott Rodney , Moscato Pablo , Wang Jie Jin , Mitchell Paul , Buitendijk Gabrielle H.S. , Vingerling Johannes R. , Klaver Caroline C.W. , Klein Ronald , Attia John 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe curse of multiple testing has led to the adoption of a stringent Bonferroni threshold for declaring genome‐wide statistical significance for any one SNP as standard practice. Although justified in avoiding false positives, this conservative approach has the potential to miss true associations as most studies are drastically underpowered. As an alternative to increasing sample size, we compare results from a typical SNP‐by‐SNP analysis with three other methods that incorporate regional information in order to boost or dampen an otherwise noisy signal: the haplotype method (Schaid et al. [2002] Am J Hum Genet 70:425–434), the gene‐based method (Liu et al. [2010] Am J Hum Genet 87:139–145), and a new method (interaction count) that uses genome‐wide screening of pairwise SNP interactions. Using a modestly sized case‐control study, we conduct a genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) of age‐related macular degeneration, and find striking agreement across all methods in regions of known associated variants. We also find strong evidence of novel associated variants in two regions (Chromosome 2p25 and Chromosome 10p15) in which the individual SNP P‐values are only suggestive, but where there are very high levels of agreement between all methods. We propose that consistency between different analysis methods may be an alternative to increasingly larger sample sizes in sifting true signals from noise in GWAS. Genet. Epidemiol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 35:745‐754, 2011
Multivariate drought characteristics using trivariate Gaussian and Student t copulas
Authors: Ma Mingwei , Song Songbai , Ren Liliang , Jiang Shanhu , Song Jiali 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the changing properties of drought events in Weihe River basin, China, by modeling the multivariate joint distribution of drought duration, severity and peak using trivariate Gaussian and Student t copulas. Monthly precipitations of Xi'an gauge are used to illustrate the meta‐elliptical copula‐based methodology for a single‐station application. Gaussian and Student t copulas are found to produce a better fit comparing with other six symmetrical and asymmetrical Archimedean copulas, and, checked by the goodness‐of‐fit tests based on a modified bootstrap version of Rosenblatt's transformation, both of them are acceptable to model the multivariate joint distribution of drought variables. Gaussian copula, the best fitting, is employed to construct the dependence structures of positively associated drought variables so as to obtain the multivariate joint and conditional probabilities of droughts. A Kendall's return period (KRP) introduced by Salvadori and De Michele (2010) is then adopted to assess the multivariate recurrent properties of drought events, and its spatial distributions indicate that prolonged droughts are likely to break out with rather short recurrence intervals in the whole region, while drought status in the southeast seems to be severer than the northwest. The study is of some merits in terms of multivariate drought modeling using a preferable copula‐based method, the results of which could serve as a reference for regional drought defense and water resources management. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Validation of an immunohistochemical signature predictive of 8‐year outcome for patients with breast carcinoma
Authors: Charpin Colette , Tavassoli Fattaneh , Secq Véronique , Giusiano Sophie , Villeret Julia , Garcia Stéphane , Birnbaum Daniel , Bonnier Pascal , Lavaut Marie‐Noëlle , Boubli Léon , Carcopino Xavier , Iovanna Juan 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe recently reported that standardized quantitative immunohistochemical (IHC) assays allowed prediction of an adverse outcome among 572 node negative (N−) patients with breast carcinoma (BrCa). To further validate our prior findings, we repeated the IHC stains including a second series of BrCa diagnosed at Yale University. Tissue microarrays (TMAs) of two cohorts of patients with BrCa (418 Marseille University and 303 Yale University) were respectively investigated for IHC expression of 15 markers (HIF‐1α, PI3K, pAKT, pmTOR, moesin, P21, 4EBP‐1, P27, Ker5‐6, pMAPKAPK‐2, SHARP2, claudin‐1, ALDH, AF6 and CD24). Quantitative measurements of immunoprecipitates densitometry assessed with an image analyzer were correlated with 8‐year patients' outcome and compared in the two cohorts. The best predictive signature consisted of a combination of five markers that included HIF‐1α, PI3K, claudin‐1, AF6 and pAKT in N− BrCa. This combination permitted an accurate prediction of outcome in 92.34% (386/418) of N− patients in the first set (Marseille) and 89.8% (158/176) in the second set (Yale). The close results in both cohorts confirmed the validity of this original IHC signature predictive of prognosis in node negative BrCa. This validation suggests that in clinical practice, it would be possible with standardized kits (i) to identify patients with poor prognosis at diagnosis time, particularly in the N− BrCa subset, who would require more aggressive adjuvant therapy and (ii) to avoid useless expensive therapies and their side effects in N− patients with favorable prognosis.
Antibacterial effect and cytotoxicity of Ag‐doped functionally graded hydroxyapatite coatings
Authors: Bai Xiao , Sandukas Stefan , Appleford Mark , Ong Joo L. , Rabiei Afsaneh 
Published: November 2011

AbstractFunctionally graded hydroxyapatite coatings (FGHA) doped with 1, 3, and 6.5 wt % silver (Ag) have been deposited on Titanium using ion‐beam‐assisted deposition. Scanning transmission electron microscopy on coating cross sections confirmed the presence of FGHA coating with mostly amorphous layers at the top and mostly crystalline layers toward the coating interface as well as the existence of 10–50 nm Ag particles distributed throughout the thickness of the coatings. Calcium release in phosphate buffered saline solution showed a high release rate of Ca at the beginning of the test, and a gradual decrease in release rate thereafter to a minimum level until day 7. Similarly, the release rate of Ag in ultra pure water was initially high in the first 4 h and then gradually decreased over a 7 days period. Antibacterial tests have shown a reduction in the viability of S. aureus in Ag‐doped coatings particularly in samples with higher Ag concentrations of 3 and 6.5 wt %. Cytotoxicity tests using an osteoblast cell line, on the other hand, have demonstrated that the samples with 6.5 wt % Ag have a negative effect on osteoblast cell response, proliferation, and apoptosis as well as a negative effect on protein and osteocalcin production. It is notable that the samples with 3 wt % Ag or less presented minimal cytotoxicity compared with control surfaces. Considering both the antibacterial and cytotoxicity effects, it is suggested that the 3 wt % of Ag in FGHA coatings can be favorable. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 100B: 553–561, 2012.
Patients' diverse beliefs about what happens at the time of death
Authors: Perkins Henry S. , Cortez Josie D. , Hazuda Helen P. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Beliefs about what happens at the time of death surely affect a patient's whole dying experience and could help guide end‐of‐life care. Yet virtually no research describes those beliefs. This exploratory study begins the descriptive process.METHODS:Assuming culture is key, we interviewed 26 Mexican‐American (MA), 18 Euro‐American (EA), and 14 African‐American (AA) inpatients about their beliefs concerning what happens at the time of death.RESULTS:One belief, that death separates the dead from the living, was widespread. Majorities of all 3 ethnic group samples and of 5 of the 6 gender subsamples expressed this belief, saying the dead “go” or “leave” from this life. Other beliefs differed by ethnic group or gender. For example, more EAs (50%) than others said death is a momentary event, and more MAs (35%) than others said death involves “being taken” by an external force (always God or Jesus). Furthermore, considerably more EA women (45%) than others said some senses persist after death. In contrast, the physiologic signs that participants cited as defining the exact time of death varied from individual to individual with no ethnic or gender pattern, and no one sign predominated.CONCLUSIONS:A few beliefs about what happens at the time of death may characterize Americans in general; many other beliefs may characterize only certain ethnic groups, genders, or individuals. To identify such beliefs and to use them to guide end‐of‐life care, hospitalists and other health professionals may have to elicit them directly from patients or survivors. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012. © 2011 Society of Hospital Medicine
Functional resurfacing of the palm: Flap selection based on defect analysis
Authors: Engelhardt T.O. , Rieger U.M. , Schwabegger A.H. , Pierer G. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractExtensive defect coverage of the palm and anatomical reconstruction of its unique functional capacity remains difficult. In manual laborers, reconstruction of sensation, range of motion, grip strength but also mechanical stability is required. Sensate musculo‐/fasciocutaneous flaps bear disadvantages of tissue mobility with shifting/bulkiness under stress. Thin muscle and fascial flaps show adherence but preclude sensory nerve coaptation. The purpose of this review is to present our algorithm for reliable selection of the most appropriate procedure based on defect analysis. Defect analysis focusing on units of tactile gnosis provides information to weigh needs for sensation or soft tissue stability. We distinguish radial unit (r)‐thenar, ulnar unit (u)‐hypothenar and unit (c)‐central plus distal palm. Individual parameters need similar consideration to choose adequate treatment. Unit (r) and unit (u) are regions of secondary touch demanding protective sensation. Restoration of sensation using neurovascular, fasciocutaneous flaps is recommended. In unit (c), tactile gnosis is of less, mechanical resistance of greater value. Reconstruction of soft tissue resistance is suggested first in this unit. In laborers, free fascial‐ or muscle flaps with plantar instep skin grafts may achieve near to anatomical reconstruction with minimal sensation. Combined defects involving unit (c) require correlation with individual parameters for optimal flap selection. Defect coverage of the palm should not consist of merely providing sensate vascularized tissue. The most appropriate procedure should be derived from careful defect analysis to achieve near to anatomical reconstruction. In laborers, defect related demands need close correlation with sensation and mechanical stability to be expected. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2012.
Study on a parameter to express glass‐forming relationship of phenolic–novolac resin
Authors: Guo Kai , Bian Xiufang , Li Zhonghao , Qin Jingyu 
Published: November 2011

AbstractChemoviscosity and glass‐forming ability of commercial phenolic–novolac resin are investigated at hexamethylenetramine (HMTA) curing agent content weight from 6 to 9%. We propose a parameter, Mk, which is based on chemoviscosity change rate and Tg0 of uncured liquid resin, to predict glass‐forming ability of the fully cured phenolic–novolac resin. It is found that Mk has a negative linear relationship with Tg∞, and the lower Mk represents the better glass‐forming ability of initial phenolic–novolac uncured liquid resin while the higher Tg∞ represents the better glass‐forming ability of fully cured resin. Further more, Mk establishes a kinetic glass‐forming relationship between liquid uncured and fully cured phenolic–novolac resin in terms of comparing with Tg∞. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Synergistic effect between a triazine‐based macromolecule and melamine pyrophosphate in flame retardant polypropylene
Authors: Lai Xuejun , Zeng Xingrong , Li Hongqiang , Liao Feng , Yin Changyu , Zhang Haili 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA novel charring agent, namely triazine‐based macromolecule (TBM), was synthesized via solution polycondensation of cyanuric chloride, ethanolamine, and diethylenetriamine. The prepared charring agent possessed little water solubility and superior char‐forming ability, and it showed good synergistic effects with melamine pyrophosphate (MPP) in flame retardant polypropylene (PP). When the content of MPP was 16.7 wt% and TBM was 8.3 wt%, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the PP/MPP/TBM composite could reach 31.0%, and a UL‐94 V‐0 rating was achieved based on the vertical burning test. Furthermore, the composite exhibited an outstanding water resistance that it could still obtain a V‐0 rating after soaking in hot water for 168 h. The cone calorimetry test (CCT) results demonstrated that the peak heat release rate (PHRR), the total heat release (THR) and mass lose rate (MLR) of the composite were decreased significantly in comparison with those of pure PP. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), thermogravimetry‐Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (TG‐FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy‐energy dispersive spectra (SEM‐EDS) results revealed that the efficient flame retardancy of MPP/TBM was mainly attributed to the formation of a compact and thermostable intumescent char on underlying materials during a fire. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Towards realization of a large‐area light‐emitting diode‐based solar simulator
Authors: Hamadani B. H. , Chua K. , Roller J. , Bennahmias M. J. , Campbell B. , Yoon H. W. , Dougherty B. 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTSolar simulators based on light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) have shown great promise as alternative light sources for indoor testing of photovoltaic cells with certain characteristics that make them superior to the traditional solar simulators. However, large‐area uniform illumination more suitable for larger cells and module measurements still remain a challenge today. In this paper, we discuss the development and fabrication of a scalable large‐area LED‐based solar simulator that consists of multiple tapered light guides. We demonstrate fine intermixing of many LED light rays and power delivery in the form of a synthesized AM 1.5 spectrum over an area of 25 cm × 50 cm with better than 10% spatial nonuniformity. We present the spectral output, the spatial uniformity, and the temporal stability of the simulator in both the constant current mode and the pulsed‐mode LED operation, and compare our data with the International Electrotechnical Commission standards on solar simulators for class rating. Although the light intensity with our current design and settings falls short of the standard solar AM 1.5 intensity, this design and further improvements open up the possibility of achieving large‐area, high‐power indoor solar simulation with various desired spectra. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Photovoltaics literature survey (No. 90)
Authors: Shrestha Santosh 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTIn order to help keep readers up‐to‐date in the field each issue of Progress in Photovoltaics will contain a list of recently published journal articles most relevant to its aims and scope. This list is drawn from an extremely wide range of journals, including IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, Journal of Applied Physics, Applied Physics Letters, Progress in Photovoltaics, and Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. To assist the reader, the list is separated into broad categories, but please note that these classifications are by no means strict. Also note that inclusion in the list is not an endorsement of a paper's quality. If you have any suggestions please email Santosh Shrestha at s.shrestha@unsw.edu.au. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
SET‐LRP of methyl acrylate to complete conversion with zero termination
Authors: Nguyen Nga H. , Levere Martin E. , Percec Virgil 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe single electron transfer‐living radical polymerization of methyl acrylate (MA) initiated by bis(2‐bromopropionyl)ethane (BPE) in dimethyl sulfoxide was carried out to 100% monomer conversion and complete absence of bimolecular termination under the following reaction conditions: [MA]/[BPE]/[Me6‐TREN]/[CuBr2] = 60/1/0.21/0.01 and [MA]/[BPE]/[TREN]/[CuBr2] = 60/1/0.25/0.05. These polymerizations were mediated by 0.5 cm of hydrazine‐activated Cu(0) wire of 20 gauge (0.812 cm in diameter), corresponding to a surface area of 0.14 cm2 of Cu(0) per 3 mL reaction volume (2/1 v/v monomer/solvent). A higher extent of bimolecular termination (5–13%) was observed at complete conversion when longer lengths of Cu(0) wire were used. In the absence of CuBr2 the activated Cu(0) wire/Me6‐TREN catalyst in dimethyl sulfoxide also allowed the synthesis of perfectly bifunctional and monofunctional PMAs at complete conversion. This was also demonstrated by the quantitative reinitiation experiments from the chain(s) end(s) of these macroinitiators. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012
First‐principles studies of structural and electronic properties of layered C3N phases
Authors: Hu Qianku , Wu Qinghua , Wang Haiyan , He Julong , Zhang Guanglei 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe structural and electronic properties of layered C3N compound have been studied using ab initio pseudopotential density‐functional method within the local‐density approximation. Total energy, lattice constant, band structure, and electron density of state are calculated. Among three possible C3N monolayer configurations, the monolayer‐I structure with the highest symmetry is the most stable and predicted to be a narrowgap semiconductor with an indirect gap about 0.283 eV. Among four possible C3N stacking configurations constructed from hexagonal BN and graphite structures, C3N‐IV constructed from hexagonal BN is expected to be the most stable structure and has metallic conducting behavior. The structural stability of layered C3N has also been checked by the calculations of the formation energies, elastic constants, and phonon frequencies.
Effectiveness of a Multidisciplinary Worksite Stress Reduction Programme for Women
Authors: Werneburg Brooke L. , Herman Lacie L. , Preston Heather R. , Rausch Sarah M. , Warren Beth A. , Olsen Kerry D. , Clark Matthew M. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractIt has been well established that a high level of stress is associated with medical problems, mental health difficulties and absenteeism at the workplace. The aim of this single‐arm study design was to examine the potential effectiveness of a 12‐session multidisciplinary stress reduction programme on reducing perceived stress and improving health behaviours and quality of life. One hundred and four women participated in a programme that incorporated group support, skill building and cognitive behavioural and relaxation techniques. A series of Bonferroni corrected t‐tests found that the participants reported having significantly (p < 0.001) lower levels of perceived stress, improved health behaviours (sleep, nutrition, physical activity) improved overall health and improved quality of life at the end of the 12 week programme and at 1‐month follow‐up. Although the effect sizes for improvement were all large, there was no control group, so regression to the mean or selection bias may have impacted the results. Therefore, these results provide initial support for the implementation of gender‐based worksite stress reduction programmes and provide guidance in designing an effective worksite stress reduction programme. Further research using randomized controlled trials is warranted. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.