bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological behavior and attachment of p19 neural cells to root‐end filling materials
Authors: Saghiri Mohammad Ali , Asgar Kamal , Daliri Morteza , Lotfi Mehrdad , Delvarani Abbas , Mehrvarzfar Payman , Karamifar Kasra 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSome techniques and instruments like stereomicroscopy and confocal microscopy used for observing neural cells are too complicated and dependent on preparation and cell fixation methods. This may question the results of these methods. Though, we have used scanning electron microscopy on replicated specimens to observe p19 neural cells and their cellular extensions. This manuscript has shown the feasibility of using replica (indirect) method instead of direct methods for observing morphological characteristics of this high sensitive cell line. As neural cells are very sensitive to fixation solutions and processes, we have used replica mode and observed neural cells with a novel indirect method. We have used replica mode in this study to indirectly and noninvasively evaluate the state of p19 neural cells and their cellular extensions. SCANNING 32: 369–374, 2010. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mesenchymal Lineage Stem Cells Have Pronounced Anti-Inflammatory Effects in the Twitcher Mouse Model of Krabbe's Disease
Authors: Ripoll Cynthia B. , Flaat Mette , Klopf-Eiermann Jessica , Fisher-Perkins Jeanne M. , Trygg Cynthia B. , Scruggs Brittni A. , McCants Marjorie L. , Leonard Helen Paige , Lin Amy F. , Zhang Shijia , Eagle Michelle E. , Alvarez Xavier , Li Yu Teh , Li Su Chen , Gimble Jeffrey M. , Bunnell Bruce A. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
The twitcher mouse is an animal model of Krabbe's disease (KD), which is a neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder resulting from the absence of functional lysosomal enzyme galactocerebrosidase (GALC). This disease affects the central and peripheral nervous systems and in its most severe form results in death before the age of 2 in humans and approximately 30–40 days in mice. This study evaluates the effect of intracerebroventricular administration of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue (ASCs) and bone marrow (BMSCs) on the pathology of KD. Subsequent to the intracerebroventricular injection of ASCs or BMSCs on postnatal day (PND) 3–4, body weight, lifespan, and neuromotor function were evaluated longitudinally beginning on PND15. At sacrifice, tissues were harvested for analysis of GALC activity, presence of myelin, infiltration of macrophages, microglial activation, inflammatory markers, and cellular persistence. Survival analysis curves indicate a statistically significant increase in lifespan in stem cell-treated twitcher mice as compared with control twitcher mice. Body weight and motor function were also improved compared with controls. The stem cells may mediate some of these benefits through an anti-inflammatory mechanism because the expression of numerous proinflammatory markers was downregulated at both transcriptional and translational levels. A marked decrease in the levels of macrophage infiltration and microglial activation was also noted. These data indicate that mesenchymal lineage stem cells are potent inhibitors of inflammation associated with KD progression and offer potential benefits as a component of a combination approach for in vivo treatment by reducing the levels of inflammation.
Validation of reference tissue model of PET ligand [11C](+)3‐MPB for the muscarinic cholinergic receptor in the living brain of conscious monkey
Authors: Yamamoto Shigeyuki , Ohba Hiroyuki , Nishiyama Shingo , Takahashi Kazuhiro , Tsukada Hideo 
Published: November 2010

AbstractN‐[11C]Methyl‐3‐piperidyl benzilate ([11C](+)3‐MPB) was developed as a positron emission tomography (PET) ligand for muscarinic cholinergic receptor (mAChR). The aim of the present study was to validate a Logan reference tissue method as an analytical method for in vivo binding of [11C](+)3‐MPB to mAChR. Seven monkeys (Macaca mulatta) underwent [11C](+)3‐MPB PET scans with an arterial blood sampling. Logan plot with arterial input function (Logan arterial input method) was performed to determine the binding potential (BPND). The BPNDwas also determined by Logan plot with the cerebellum as the reference region (Logan reference tissue method). BPNDvalues determined by Logan arterial input method and Logan reference tissue method showed a significant linear relationship. The present study suggests that the cerebellum is a suitable reference region for quantification of mAChR in the living brain with [11C](+)3‐MPB and PET. Synapse, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association between ultrasound‐based assessment of fetal head station and clinically assessed cervical dilatation
Authors: Haberman S. , Paltieli Y. , Gonen R. , Ohel G. , Ville Y. , Nizard J. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjectivesTo describe the association between ultrasound‐based determination of fetal head station and clinical assessment of cervical dilatation during active labor.MethodsFrom 427 women with singleton uncomplicated term pregnancies we obtained, during the active phase of labor, 907 pairs of measurements. Fetal head station and position were determined using the LaborPro system, based on position tracking and ultrasound imaging technology, and degree of cervical dilatation was determined by digital vaginal examination. The association between them was analyzed.ResultsThe overall correlation between cervical dilatation and fetal head station was 0.64 (P < 0.001). Complete dilatation was observed in 78% of women with fetal head engagement, and in all women with a fetal head station of + 1.5 or more.ConclusionsThere is good association between non‐invasive ultrasound‐based determination of fetal head station and clinically assessed cervical dilatation. Copyright © 2011 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Public engagement with large‐scale renewable energy technologies: breaking the cycle of NIMBYism
Authors: Devine‐Wright Patrick 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn response to the threat of climate change, many governments have set policy goals to rapidly and extensively increase the use of renewable energy in order to lessen reliance upon fossil fuels and reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. Such policy goals are ambitious, given past controversies over large‐scale renewable energy projects, particularly onshore wind farms, that have occurred in many countries and involved bitter disputes between private developers and local ‘NIMBYs’ (not in my backyard) protestors. This article critically reviews recent research into how public engagement is conceived and practiced by policy makers and developers, with a specific focus upon the UK. The review reveals a distinction between different scales of technology deployment, with active public engagement only promoted at smaller scales, and a more passive role promoted at larger scales. This passive role stems from the influence of widely held NIMBY conceptions that presume the public to be an ‘ever present danger’ to development, arising from a deficit in factual knowledge and a surfeit of emotion, to be marginalized through streamlined planning processes and one‐way engagement mechanisms. It is concluded that NIMBYism is a destructive, self‐fulfilling way of thinking that risks undermining the fragile, qualified social consent that exists to increase renewable energy use. Breaking the cycle of NIMBYism requires new ways of thinking and practicing public engagement that better connect national policy making with local places directly affected by specific projects. Such a step would match the radical ambitions of rapid increases in renewable energy use with a process of change more likely to facilitate its achievement. WIREs Clim Change 2011 2 19–26 DOI: 10.1002/wcc.89This article is categorized under:

Perceptions, Behavior, and Communication of Climate Change > Behavior Change and Responses
From “Water Boiling in a Peruvian Town” to “Letting them Die”: Culture, Community Intervention, and the Metabolic Balance Between Patience and Zeal
Authors: Trickett Edison J. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWhile the concept of culture has long been central to community psychology research and intervention, it has most frequently referred to the communities in which such work occurs. The purpose of this paper is to reframe this discussion by viewing community interventions as instances of intercultural contact between the culture of science, reflected in community intervention research, and the culture of the communities in which those interventions occur. Following a brief discussion of the complexities of culture as a concept, two illustrative stories of failed community interventions are provided to highlight the centrality of cultural and contextual understanding as prelude to community intervention. These stories, set 50 years apart, reflect the depth and pervasive influence of both the culture of science and the culture of communities. Next, a series of propositions about the culture of social science as a partial reflection of the broader culture of the United States are offered, and their implications for the conduct of community interventions drawn. The paper concludes with a series of recommendations which, together, provide an ecological mind‐set for taking culture seriously in community interventions. Central to this mind set are the importance of focusing on communities rather than programs and emphasizing the intervention goal of choice over change.
Liberal Leviathan or Imperial Outpost? J. S. Furnivall on Colonial Rule in Burma
Authors: ENGLEHART NEIL A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractJ. S. Furnivall, in his influential account of the impact of British rule in Burma 1824–1948, argues that British officials laid down a Liberal administration that exposed the colony to market forces, monetized the economy and devastated communities. However, there is little evidence that British administrators actually thought in Liberal terms: they relied heavily on institutions inherited from the Burmese monarchy, and when they introduced new administrative methods these were drawn from other parts of British India and only indirectly influenced by Liberalism. Furnivall's view of the ideological origins of British administration, in turn, distorts his reading of the impact of British rule, as illustrated by recent work on the pre-colonial economy showing that it was in fact more monetized and commercialized than he claims. If his account of the pre-modern economy is not viable, Furnivall's claims about the impact of British colonialism in Burma demand re-evaluation.
Scanning probe block copolymer lithography
Authors: Chai Jinan , Huo Fengwei , Zheng Zijian , Giam Louise R. , Shim Wooyoung , Mirkin Chad A. 
Published: November 2010

Integration of individual nanoparticles into desired spatial arrangements over large areas is a prerequisite for exploiting their unique electrical, optical, and chemical properties. However, positioning single sub-10-nm nanoparticles in a specific location individually on a substrate remains challenging. Herein we have developed a unique approach, termed scanning probe block copolymer lithography, which enables one to control the growth and position of individual nanoparticles in situ. This technique relies on either dip-pen nanolithography (DPN) or polymer pen lithography (PPL) to transfer phase-separating block copolymer inks in the form of 100 or more nanometer features on an underlying substrate. Reduction of the metal ions via plasma results in the high-yield formation of single crystal nanoparticles per block copolymer feature. Because the size of each feature controls the number of metal atoms within it, the DPN or PPL step can be used to control precisely the size of each nanocrystal down to 4.8 ± 0.2 nm.
Relationship Between Soft Wheat Flour Physicochemical Composition and Cookie‐Making Performance
Authors: Moiraghi Malena , Vanzetti Leonardo , Bainotti Carlos , Helguera Marcelo , León Alberto , Pérez Gabriela 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTNowadays in Argentina, cookies, crackers, and cakes are made of flour obtained from bread wheat with additives or enzymes that decrease the gluten strength but increase production costs. The present research work aims to study the relationship between flour physicochemical composition (particle size average [PSA], protein, damaged starch [DS], water soluble pentosans [WSP], total pentosans [TP], and gluten), alkaline water retention capacities behavior, solvent retention capacities profile (SRC) and cookie‐making performance in a set of 51 adapted soft wheat lines with diverse origin to identify better flour parameters for predicting cookie quality. Cookie factor (CF) values were 5.06–7.56. High and significant negative correlations between sucrose SRC (–0.68), water SRC (–0.65), carbonate SRC (–0.59), and CF were found, followed by lactic SRC that presented a low negative but significant correlation (r = –0.35). The flour components DS (r = –0.67), WSP (r = –0.49), and TP (r = –0.4) were negatively associated to CF. PSA showed a negative correlation with CF (r = –0.43). Protein and gluten were the flour components that affected cookie hardness, but no significant correlation were found with pentosan or DS content. A prediction equation for CF was developed. Sucrose SRC, PSA, and DS could be used to predict 68% of the variation in cookie diameter. The cluster analysis was conducted to assess differences in flour quality parameters among genotypes based on CF. Clusters 1 and 4 were typified by lower CF (5.70 and 5.23, respectively), higher DS, pentosan content, and SRC values. Cluster 2 with a relative good CF (6.47) and Cluster 3 with the best cookie quality, high CF (7.32) and low firmness, and the lowest DS, TP, WSP content, and sucrose SRC values.
Are age of smoking initiation and purchasing patterns associated with menthol smoking?
Authors: Fernander Anita , Rayens Mary Kay , Zhang Mei , Adkins Sarah 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTAims  The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between age of cigarette smoking initiation and cigarette purchasing patterns on menthol smoking among current smokers.Design  Secondary analyses were conducted using logistic regression with balanced replicated weights.Setting  Data from the 2003 and 2006/07 Tobacco Use Supplement (TUS) to the Current Population Survey (CPS), collected by the National Cancer Institute, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Census Bureau, formed the basis for this investigation.Participants  A total of 66 145 current smokers who participated in the TUS CPS administration in 2003 and 2006/07 were examined.Measurements  Demographic characteristics (gender, race/ethnicity, age, education and income), smoking frequency, purchase type (pack, carton, or both), age of initiation and menthol cigarette use were assessed.Findings  One‐quarter of the sample smoked menthol cigarettes; most purchased their cigarettes by the pack when rather than by the carton; average age of cigarette smoking initiation was 18 years; and females, ethnic/racial minorities and younger participants were more likely to smoke menthol cigarettes compared with males, whites or older respondents. Other demographic factors associated with menthol cigarette use among current smokers included a high school education (the prevalence of menthol use among this cohort was greater than either those with less education or those with more). The multivariate logistic model only marginally revealed that age of smoking initiation predicted menthol smoking: findings are suggestive that the longer the delay of initiation the more likely that an individual smoked menthol cigarettes [odds ratio (OR) = 1.01; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00–1.01]. In addition, relative to those who purchased cigarettes by the pack, smokers who purchased cigarettes by the carton were less (OR = 0.86; 95% CI: 0.81–0.91) likely to be menthol smokers.Conclusions  Menthol smokers in the United States are more likely to be female, younger, from ethnic minority groups, and to have a high school education. The findings that menthol smokers in the U.S. tend to start smoking later than smokers of other types of cigarettes are suggestive only and require further study.
Menthol smoking, smoke‐free policies and cessation services
Authors: Fernander Anita , Rayens Mary Kay , Hahn Ellen , Zhang Mei , Adkins Sarah M. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTAims  This study examined whether menthol cigarette smoking is related to exposure to smoke‐free home and work‐place policies, availability of cessation services at work and knowledge of cessation resources among current smokers.Design  Secondary analysis was conducted using logistic regression of cross‐sectional data.Setting  The 2003 and 2006/07 Tobacco Use Supplement (TUS) to the Current Population Survey, administered by the National Cancer Institute, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Census Bureau, formed the basis for this investigation.Participants  A total of 66 145 current smokers who participated in the TUS CPS administrations in 2003 and 2006/07.Measurements  Demographic characteristics (gender, race/ethnicity, age, education, income), smoking frequency, menthol cigarette use, status of smoking bans in the work‐place and at home, availability of cessation services at work and knowledge of quitting resources were assessed.Findings  Among all current smokers with an indoor job, with no smoke‐free restrictions at either work or home as the reference, those who smoked menthol cigarettes were about one‐third as likely to have a smoke‐free policy at both work and home [odds ratio (OR) = 0.32; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.27–0.38]. In the comparison of those with an indoor smoke‐free policy at work only versus those with no restrictions, menthol status was a risk factor for not having a work‐place restriction (OR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.67–0.93); similarly, within this sample, menthol use was a risk factor for not having a home restriction (OR = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.31–0.46). Among all current smokers, the use of menthol cigarettes was a risk factor for not having a smoking restriction at home (OR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.88–0.98). Menthol smoking was not related to availability of cessation services offered at work or knowledge of cessation services.Conclusions  This study suggests that menthol smoking is associated with lack of policy protection from second‐hand smoke exposure. Policymakers and tobacco control professionals should monitor tobacco control efforts to ensure that policies and interventions reach all menthol smokers.
Do cigarette prices motivate smokers to quit? New evidence from the ITC survey
Authors: Ross Hana , Blecher Evan , Yan Lili , Hyland Andrew 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTAims  To examine the importance of cigarette prices in influencing smoking cessation and the motivation to quit.Design  We use longitudinal data from three waves of the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Survey (ITC). The study contrasts smoking cessation and motivation to quit among US and Canadian smokers and evaluates how this relationship is modified by cigarette prices, nicotine dependence and health knowledge. Different price measures are used to understand how the ability to purchase cheaper cigarettes may reduce the influence of prices. Our first model examines whether cigarette prices affect motivation to quit smoking using Generalized Estimating Equations to predict cessation stage and a least squares model to predict the change in cessation stage. The second model evaluates quitting behavior over time. The probability of quitting is estimated with Generalized Estimating Equations and a transition model to account for the ‘left‐truncation’ of the data.Settings  US and Canada.Participants  4352 smokers at Wave 1, 2000 smokers completing all three waves.Measurements  Motivation to quit, cigarette prices, nicotine dependence and health knowledge.Findings  Smokers living in areas with higher cigarette prices are significantly more motivated to quit. There is limited evidence to suggest that price increases over time may also increase quit motivation. Higher cigarette prices increase the likelihood of actual quitting, with the caveat that results are statistically significant in one out of two models. Access to cheaper cigarette sources does not impede cessation although smokers would respond more aggressively (in terms of cessation) to price increases if cheaper cigarette sources were not available.Conclusions  This research provides a unique opportunity to study smoking cessation among adult smokers and their response to cigarette prices in a market where they are able to avoid tax increases by purchasing cigarettes from cheaper sources. Higher cigarette prices appear to be associated with greater motivation to stop smoking, an effect which does not appear to be mitigated by cheaper cigarette sources. The paper supports the use of higher prices as a means of encouraging smoking cessation and motivation to quit.
The relationships between menthol cigarette preference and state tobacco control policies on smoking behaviors of young adult smokers in the 2006–07 Tobacco Use Supplements to the Current Population Surveys (TUS CPS)
Authors: Ahijevych Karen , Ford Jodi 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTAim  To examine relationships between the preference for menthol cigarettes and young adult smoking behaviors, including the extent to which state tobacco control policies moderate these relationships.Design  Cross‐sectional design using secondary data from the 2006–07 Tobacco Use Supplements to the Current Population Surveys (TUS CPS) surveys appended with 2006 state‐policy data.Setting  United States nationally representative survey.Participants  A total of 2241 young adult daily smokers and 688 young adult non‐daily smokers.Measurements  The two dependent variables of smoking behaviors were smoking first cigarette within 30 minutes of waking (TTF) and number of cigarettes smoked per day (cpd). Primary independent variables included menthol brand preference and state tobacco control policies (youth access laws, clean indoor air laws and cigarette excise taxes), adjusting for controls.Findings  Among daily smokers, there were no significant associations between menthol brand preference and TTF or cpd. However, lower educational attainment, not being in the labor force and the lack of home smoking rules were associated positively with shorter TTF, being white and the lack of home smoking rules were associated positively with cpd. Among daily smokers, state excise taxes were associated negatively with higher cpd. Among non‐daily smokers, menthol brand preference was associated positively with shorter TTF, but associations did not vary with state tobacco control policies. Menthol brand preference was not associated significantly with cpd, but male gender, unmarried status and the lack of home smoking rules were associated positively with greater cpd among non‐daily smokers.Conclusions  Young adult non‐daily smokers who preferred menthol cigarettes were significantly more dependent than those who preferred non‐menthol cigarettes, as shown through the shorter TTF. Associations between menthol brand preference and smoking behaviors did not vary with state tobacco control policies.