bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Motor nerve biopsy: Clinical usefulness and histopathological criteria
Authors: Riva Nilo , Iannaccone Sandro , Corbo Massimo , Casellato Chiara , Sferrazza Barbara , Lazzerini Alberto , Scarlato Marina , Cerri Federica , Previtali Stefano C. , Nobile‐Orazio Eduardo , Comi Giancarlo , Quattrini Angelo 
Published: November 2010

AbstractEarly differential diagnosis of motor neuropathies (MN) and lower motor neuron diseases (LMND) is important, as prognosis and therapeutic approaches are different. We evaluated the diagnostic contribution of the biopsy of the motor branch of the obturator nerve and gracilis muscle in 21 consecutive patients in which, after proper clinical and neurophysiological studies, the differential diagnosis was still open. At baseline, motor biopsy was performed; diagnostic confirmation was obtained by 2‐year clinical follow‐up. Our results support the usefulness of this diagnostic procedure for selected cases of MN and LMND. Ann Neurol 2010
Melting and crystallization behavior of metallic alloy in the composites with polyacrylate
Authors: Katoh Yoshihisa , Matsuda Yasuhiro , Ando Wataru , Matsukage Mayuko , Tasaka Shigeru 
Published: November 2010

AbstractComposites of poly(n‐buthyl acrylate) (PnBA) and eutectic metallic alloy composed of Bi, In, and Sn were prepared by mechanically mixing them above the melting point of the metallic alloy, and glass transition temperature of PnBA. The heating curves of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of the composite of PnBA and the metallic alloy showed an endothermic peak below the melting point of the metallic alloy without polymers, which indicated the formation of the interfacial phases of the metallic alloy with a lower melting point. The exothermic peaks of the cooling curves were broadened and shifted to the temperature lower than the melting point of the metallic alloy without polymers, which suggests that the crystallization of the metallic alloy was suppressed by the interaction. The mechanism of lowering the melting points and suppression of the crystallization was discussed based on the results of DSC, transmitting electron microscopy, and X‐ray diffractometry. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Asymmetric Trisubstituted Aziridination of Aldimines and Ketimines using N‐α‐Diazoacyl Camphorsultams
Authors: Hashimoto Takuya , Nakatsu Hiroki , Yamamoto Kumiko , Watanabe Shogo , Maruoka Keiji 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe acid‐catalyzed reaction of diazoacetates and aldimines (Brookhart–Templeton aziridination) is now recognized as a reliable method to provide enantiomerically enriched disubstituted aziridines, thus owing to the development of asymmetric catalysis. However, the extension of this method to prepare trisubstituted aziridines has not been explored to date, even for racemic products. In this context, and considering their synthetic importance and lack of alternative direct synthetic methods, we recently launched a program to realize this unmet challenge. Herein, we report a detailed study, which led to the establishment of a highly stereoselective synthesis for various trisubstituted aziridines, building on the use of N‐α‐diazoacyl camphorsultams as a key component.
An alternative quantitative acoustical and electrical method for detection of cell adhesion process in real‐time
Authors: Le Guillou‐Buffello Delphine , Gindre Marcel , Johnson Paul , Laugier Pascal , Migonney Véronique 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSauerbrey [(1956), Z Phys 55:206–222] showed that the shift in resonance frequency of thickness shear mode (TSM) of a quartz crystal sensor is proportional to the mass, which is deposited on it. However, new powerful electrical circuits were developed that are capable of operating TSM quartz crystal sensors in fluids which enabled this method to be introduced into electrochemical and biological applications. These applications include the detection of virus capsids, bacteria, mammalian cells, the interaction of DNA and RNA with complementary strands, specific recognition of protein ligands by immobilized receptors, and last but not least the study of complete immunosensors. Piezoelectric quartz transducers allow a label‐free identification of molecules; they are more than mass sensors since the biosensor response is also influenced by the surface charge of adsorbed proteins, interfacial phenomena, surface roughness and viscoelastic properties of the adhered biomaterial. These new characteristics have recently been used to investigate cell, liposome, and protein adhesion onto surfaces, thus permitting the rapid determination of morphological cell changes as a response to pharmacological substances, and changes in the water content of biopolymers avoiding of time‐consuming methods. We validated an alternative quantitative acoustical engineering for cell adhesion process monitored by the TSM. Shear acoustical results (motional resistance) are further correlated to cell counting procedures and are sensitive of adhesion processes in real‐time. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011; 108:947–962. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A cadaver study to determine the minimum volume of methylene blue or black naphthol required to completely color the nerves relevant for anesthesia during breast surgery
Authors: Guay Joanne , Grabs Detlev 
Published: November 2010

AbstractRegional anesthesia for breast surgery may require a large amount of local anesthetic solution to provide an adequate blockade of all relevant structures. The purpose of this study was to determine the minimal volume of fluid required to anesthetize all nerves to adequately provide anesthesia for breast surgery. This is an open randomized study. Cadavers were embalmed using Thiel's technique and were injected with different volumes of 0.2% methylene blue or 0.2% black naphthol for a superficial cervical plexus block (2, 5, 10, or 15 mL), an interscalene block (5, 10, 15, or 20 mL), paravertebral blocks from C8 to T6, and intercostal nerve blocks at 8 cm from the midline (2 or 3 mL) under ultrasound‐guided or assisted techniques. The following minimal volumes of fluid were required for complete coloration of the nerves: 2 mL for the supraclavicular nerves; 20 mL for the nerve roots from C5 to C7, inclusive, if intraneural injection was avoided; 3 mL per root for the nerve roots from C8 to T6, inclusive, for a paravertebral block; and 2 mL per nerve for intercostal nerve blocks at T4 and lower. With 20 mL of solution at the interscalene level, the roots of C3 and C4 were also colored; therefore, a separate injection for the supraclavicular nerves was unnecessary. We conclude that regional anesthesia for complex breast surgery can be achieved with a volume of local anesthetic as low as 41 mL. Clin. Anat. 24:202–208, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparative Larvicidal Activity of Essential Oils from Three Medicinal Plants against Aedes aegypti L.
Authors: Freitas Flávia P. , Freitas Silvério P. , Lemos Gloria C. S. , Vieira Ivo J. C. , Gravina Geraldo A. , Lemos Francisco J. A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis work aimed at comparing larvicidal activity of essential oils extracted from the dried leaves of Alpinia speciosa, Cymbopogon citratus, and Rosmarinus officinalis against Ae. aegypti larvae. The larvae were observed for 4 h and at 24 h according to a completely randomized design with three replications and the following concentrations [μl/ml]: 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and controls were distilled water, and commercial standard citral, camphor, eucalyptol, α‐pinene, and β‐myrcene. The essential oil of C. citratus had the lowest LC50 (0.28) and LC90 (0.56) values, followed by that of A. speciosa (0.94 and 1.2, resp.) and of R. officinalis (1.18 and 1.67, resp.), and only the commercial standards citral and α‐pinene were larvicidal.
A cross‐cultural comparison of colour emotion for two‐colour combinations
Authors: Ou Li‐Chen , Ronnier Luo M. , Sun Pei‐Li , Hu Neng‐Chung , Chen Hung‐Shing , Guan Shing‐Sheng , Woodcock Andrée , Caivano José Luis , Huertas Rafael , Treméau Alain , Billger Monica , Izadan Hossein , Richter Klaus 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPsychophysical experiments were conducted in the UK, Taiwan, France, Germany, Spain, Sweden, Argentina, and Iran to assess colour emotion for two‐colour combinations using semantic scales warm/cool, heavy/light, active/passive, and like/dislike. A total of 223 observers participated, each presented with 190 colour pairs as the stimuli, shown individually on a cathode ray tube display. The results show consistent responses across cultures only for warm/cool, heavy/light, and active/passive. The like/dislike scale, however, showed some differences between the observer groups, in particular between the Argentinian responses and those obtained from the other observers. Factor analysis reveals that the Argentinian observers preferred passive colour pairs to active ones more than the other observers. In addition to the cultural difference in like/dislike, the experimental results show some effects of gender, professional background (design vs. nondesign), and age. Female observers were found to prefer colour pairs with high‐lightness or low‐chroma values more than their male counterparts. Observers with a design background liked low‐chroma colour pairs or those containing colours of similar hue more than nondesign observers. Older observers liked colour pairs with high‐lightness or high‐chroma values more than young observers did. Based on the findings, a two‐level theory of colour emotion is proposed, in which warm/cool, heavy/light, and active/passive are identified as the reactive‐level responses and like/dislike the reflective‐level response. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2012
Characterization of a Czochralski grown silicon crystal doped with 1020 cm‐3 germanium
Authors: Xu Wubing , Chen Jiahe , Ma Xiangyang , Yang Deren , Gong Longfei , Tian Daxi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA dislocation‐free silicon single crystal doped with 1020 cm‐3 germanium (Ge) has been grown using the Czochralski (CZ) growth technique. The Ge concentration in the seed‐end and tang‐end of the crystal was 8×1019cm‐3and 1.6×1020 cm‐3, respectively. The effective segregation coefficient of Ge, the distribution of flow pattern defects (FPDs) and the wafer warpage have been characterized. Both the effective segregation coefficient and the equilibrium segregation coefficient of Ge in silicon were evaluated. Then, the density of FPDs was traced from seed‐end to tang‐end of the ingot, a suppression of FPDs by Ge doping was shown. That is probably because the Ge atoms consume free vacancies and thus a higher density of smaller voids is formed. Furthermore, the mechanical strength of wafers has also been characterized by batch warpage analysis. The warpage in the seed‐end was larger than that in the tang‐end of the ingot, showing that the mechanical strength of wafers is enhanced by Ge doping. Such improvement is interpreted by an enhanced dislocation pinning effect associated with the enhanced nucleation of grown‐in oxygen precipitates in the Ge‐doped silicon wafers. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Fine‐needle aspiration as a diagnostic technique in 50 cases of primary Ewing sarcoma/peripheral neuroectodermal tumor. Institut Curie's experience
Authors: Klijanienko Jerzy , Couturier Jérôme , Bourdeaut Franck , Fréneaux Paul , Ballet Stelly , Brisse Hervé , Lagacé Réal , Delattre Olivier , Pierron Gaëlle , Vielh Philippe , Sastre‐Garau Xavier , Michon Jean 
Published: November 2010

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration (FNA) followed by a core‐needle biopsy during general anesthesia is a method for diagnosing pediatric tumors in our Institute. To complete the diagnosis in the case of round cell sarcomas, cytology material is also used for genomic analyses, that is, karyotyping and molecular biology‐derived techniques. Fifty primary Ewing sarcomas/peripheral neuroectodermal tumors (ES/PNET) in 50 patients were sampled. Cytological diagnoses were “malignant” in all cases and accurate (ES/PNET) in 46 (92%). Two (4%) cases were misdiagnosed as neuroblastoma, and two others (4%) as rhabdomyosarcoma and nephroblastoma. No suspicious or false‐negative results were rendered. Karyotyping was performed in 20 (40%) cases and was interpretable in 17 cases but not in three cases. Molecular search for ES/PNET fusion transcripts were performed in all cases and were detected in 44 (88%) cases, but not in six (12%) cases. In conclusion, FNA assisted by genomic techniques is powerful methods to accurate diagnose ES/PNET. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology and flow cytometric immunophenotyping in diagnosis and classification of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma in comparison to histopathology
Authors: Ensani Fereshteh , Mehravaran Sepideh , Irvanlou Giti , Aghaipoor Mahnaz , Vaeli Shahram , Hajati Esmerdis , Khorgami Zhamak , Nasiri Shirzad 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis prospective study aimed to compare the value of fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology (FNAC) and flow cytometric immunophenotyping (FCI) with histopatopathology (HP) in the diagnosis and classification of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Twenty‐nine excised lymph nodes suspected of NHL were evaluated using FNAC, FCI, and HP. Specimens were divided into two equal parts; one for HP and the other for FNAC and FCI. Results were compared in terms of diagnosis (malignant, benign or reactive, and metastatic) and NHL class. With combined FNAC/FCI, 11 (37.9%) cases were diagnosed as NHL, 11 cases (37.9%) as reactive lymph node, six cases (20.6%) as Hodgkin's lymphoma, and one case (3.4%) as metastasis. HP revealed nine cases (31%) of NHL, five cases (17.2%) of reactive lymph nodes and all the diagnosed metastatic and Hodgkin's lymphoma. Considering histology as a gold standard method in diagnosis, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of FNAC/FCI in differentiate malignant and benign lesion were 73.9%, 83.3%, 94.4%, and 45.5%, respectively and in differentiate NHL from others were 75%, 93.8%, 90%, and 83.3%, respectively. Cytology and HP in addition to FCI and HP are significantly different from determination of NHL lesions point of view (P = 0.001 and P < 0.0001, respectively). However, FCI can be considered as an adjunctive method for Cytology especially because Cytology is not competent enough to differentiate between benign lesions and Lymphoma. Additionally, FCI is shown to be an accurate method in classifying NHL. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Diagnostic usefulness of fragments of crushed cells in autoimmune thyroiditis
Authors: Gandhi Akansha , Aggarwal Seema , Arora Vinod K. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration cytology has emerged as an important diagnostic tool in cases of autoimmune thyroiditis. However, the patchy nature of this disease and its coexistence with other thyroid pathologies, with only subtle demonstrable cytologic features in many cases can lead to misdiagnosis. Of 313 thyroid aspirates, 62 were diagnosed as autoimmune thyroiditis. Fragments of crushed cells were observed in 51 (82.11%) of autoimmune thyroiditis (P < 0.001). The presence of “crush artifact” that can be easily picked up on low magnification should be used as an important criterion for the diagnosis of thyroiditis. It is particularly helpful in cellular smears from thyroiditis to avoid misdiagnosis of neoplasia. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012;40:E38–E42. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Use of fully modified 2′‐O‐methyl antisense oligos for loss‐of‐function studies in vertebrate embryos
Authors: Schneider Patricia N. , Olthoff John T. , Matthews Abby J. , Houston Douglas W. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAntisense oligonucleotides are commonly employed to study the roles of genes in development. Although morpholino phosphorodiamidate oligonucleotides (morpholinos) are widely used to block translation or splicing of target gene products' the usefulness of other modifications in mediating RNase‐H independent inhibition of gene activity in embryos has not been investigated. In this study, we investigated the extent that fully modified 2′‐O‐methyl oligonucleotides (2′‐OMe oligos) that can function as translation inhibiting reagents in vivo, using Xenopus and zebrafish embryos. We find that oligos against Xenopus β‐catenin, wnt11, and bmp4 and against zebrafish chordin (chd), which can efficiently and specifically generate embryonic loss‐of‐function phenotypes comparable with morpholino injection and other methods. These results show that fully modified 2′‐OMe oligos can function as RNase‐H independent antisense reagents in vertebrate embryos and can thus serve as an alternative modification to morpholinos in some cases. genesis 49:117–123, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pd/C: An Efficient, Heterogeneous and Reusable Catalyst for Phosphane‐Free Carbonylative Suzuki Coupling Reactions of Aryl and Heteroaryl Iodides
Authors: Khedkar Mayur V. , Tambade Pawan J. , Qureshi Ziyauddin S. , Bhanage Bhalchandra M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe carbonylative Suzuki coupling reaction of aryl boronic acid with different aryl and heteroaryl iodides was carried out to synthesize various unsymmetrical biaryl ketones by using Pd/C as an efficient, heterogeneous and reusable catalyst. The catalyst exhibits remarkable activity, and its reusability was tested up to four consecutive cycles. The reaction is applicable for various aryl and heteroaryl iodides having different steric and electronic properties. It provides good to excellent yield of the desired products. The developed protocol is advantageous with regard to the ease in handling the catalyst and the simple work‐up procedure; it is also an environmentally benign process with effective catalyst recyclability.
Linking molecular biomarkers with higher level condition indicators to identify effects of copper exposures on the endangered delta smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus)
Authors: Connon Richard E , Beggel Sebastian , D'Abronzo Leandro S , Geist Juergen P , Pfeiff Janice , Loguinov Alexander V , Vulpe Christopher D , Werner Inge 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe delta smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus) is an endangered pelagic fish species endemic to the Sacramento–San Joaquin estuary (CA, USA), and considered an indicator of ecosystem health. Copper is a contaminant of concern in Californian waterways that may affect the development and survival of this endangered species. The experimental combination of molecular biomarkers with higher level effects may allow for interpretation of responses in a functional context that can be used to predict detrimental outcomes caused by exposure. A delta smelt microarray was developed and applied to screen for candidate molecular biomarkers that may be used in monitoring programs. Functional classifications of microarray responses were used along with quantitative polymerase chain reaction determining effects upon neuromuscular, digestive, and immune responses in Cu-exposed delta smelt. Differences in sensitivity were measured between juveniles and larvae (median lethal concentration = 25.2 and 80.4 µg/L Cu2+, respectively). Swimming velocity declined with higher exposure concentrations in a dose-dependent manner (r = −0.911, p &lt; 0.05), though was not statistically significant to controls. Genes encoding for aspartoacylase, hemopexin, α-actin, and calcium regulation proteins were significantly affected by exposure and were functionally interpreted with measured swimming responses. Effects on digestion were measured by upregulation of chitinase and downregulation of amylase, whereas downregulation of tumor necrosis factor indicated a probable compromised immune system. Results from this study, and many others, support the use of functionally characterized molecular biomarkers to assess effects of contaminants in field scenarios. We thus propose that to attribute environmental relevance to molecular biomarkers, research should concentrate on their application in field studies with the aim of assisting monitoring programs. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:290–300. © 2010 SETAC
Functional connectivity between cognitive control regions is sensitive to familial risk for ADHD
Authors: Mulder Martijn J. , van Belle Janna , van Engeland Herman , Durston Sarah 
Published: November 2010

AbstractFamilial risk for attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been associated with changes in brain activity related to cognitive control. However, it is not clear whether changes in activation are the primary deficit or whether they are related to impaired communication between regions involved in this ability. We investigated whether (1) functional connectivity between regions involved in cognitive control was affected by familial risk and (2) changes were specific to these regions. Correlational seed analyses were used to investigate temporal covariance between cognitive control and motor regions in two independent samples of typically developing controls, subjects with ADHD and their unaffected siblings. In both samples, correlation coefficients between cognitive control regions were greater for typically developing controls than for subjects with ADHD, with intermediate values for unaffected siblings. Within the motor network, unaffected siblings showed correlations similar to typically developing children. There were no differences in activity between the brain regions involved. These data show that functional connectivity between cognitive control regions is sensitive to familial risk for ADHD. Results suggest that changes in connectivity associated with cognitive control may be suitable as an intermediate phenotype for future studies. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A novel bifunctional Ti(IV) complex catalyzed asymmetric silylcyanation of aldehydes
Authors: Tang Hongying , Zhang Zhongbiao 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA novel Lewis acid and Lewis base bifunctional Ti(IV) complex was formed in situ upon the treatment of ligand (R)‐3,3′‐bis(diphenylphosphinoyl)‐BINOL with Ti(PrO‐i)4, which is proven to be an efficient catalyst in the asymmetric trimethylsilylcyanation of aldehydes. The corresponding cyanohydrins were obtained in high to excellent chemical yield (83–93%) albeit with moderate enantioselectivities (up to 51% enantiomeric excess). © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 22:31–35, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/hc.20652
Grading of MRI‐detected skull‐base invasion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its prognostic value
Authors: Chen Lei , Liu Li‐Zhi , Mao Yan‐Ping , Tang Ling‐Long , Sun Ying , Chen Yong , Lin Ai‐Hua , Li Li , Ma Jun 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground.Our aim was to grade MRI–detected skull‐base invasion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and evaluate the prognostic value of the grading.Methods.The MRI scans and medical records of 924 patients with histologically diagnosed nondisseminated nasopharyngeal carcinoma were reviewed retrospectively.Results.MRI‐detected skull‐base invasion was not found to be an independent prognostic factor for overall survival, distant metastasis‐free survival, or local relapse‐free survival (p > .05 for all). Grading of skull‐base erosion according to the site of invasion was found to be an independent prognostic factor for both overall survival (p = .003 and p = .006, respectively) and distant metastasis‐free survival (p = .001 for both) in the 512 patients with skull‐base invasions and 315 patients with T3 disease.Conclusions.MRI‐detected skull‐base invasion is not an independent prognostic factor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, grading according to the site of invasion as either low grade or severe has prognostic value. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010