bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro antimicrobial and antitumor activities of some tetraphenylstibonium(V) carboxylates
Authors: Singhal Kiran , Mishra Rahul , Raj Prem 
Published: September 2009

AbstractSeveral hitherto unreported pentacoordinated tetraphenylstibonium(V) carboxylates of general formula (C6H5)4SbL, where L = o‐OHC6H5COO, (C6H5)2C(OH)COO, 2‐(6‐OCH3C10H6)CH(CH3)COO, ArCH(OH)COO (Ar = C6H5, p‐CF3C6H4, and pOCH3C6H4), have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, solid state IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectra, conductivity, and molecular weight measurements. Spectroscopic data together with solution phase studies conform to the requirement of triagonal‐bipyramidal configuration for these compounds. They were tested for in vitro antifungal (against Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger) and antibacterial (against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae) activities. The in vitro antitumor activity of all stibonium carboxylates was examined against MCF‐7 cell line. A few of them were found to exhibit moderate to significant biological activity. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:688–693, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20498
Synthesis of Organophosphorus‐Substituted Amides of Carbonic Acids with PCHNC(O) and 2,6‐Di‐tert‐butyl‐4‐methylphenol Fragments
Authors: Prishchenko Andrey A. , Livantsov Mikhail V. , Novikova Olga P. , Livantsova Ludmila I. , Milaeva Elena R. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractConvenient procedures for the synthesis of new organophosphorus‐substituted amides of various carbonic acids with PCHNC(O) and 2,6‐di‐tert‐butyl‐4‐methylphenol (ionol) fragments, starting from the adducts of imines and acyl chlorides, are proposed. Some properties of the new synthesized organophosphorus amides are presented. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:733–737, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20502
Assessment of mixture boiling heat transfer correlations for ammonia/water mixture
Authors: Sathyabhama A. , Ashok Babu T.P. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe aim of this work is to present a critical examination of both the available experimental data and the performance of the available mixture boiling heat transfer correlations for ammonia/water mixture. First, a selection and comparison of the experimental database found in the open literature at the mentioned working conditions is presented. Subsequently, after a short description of the most relevant heat transfer correlations, and in accordance with the selected data, a detailed analysis of the performance of each correlation is carried out. Results show a small divergence between the experimental data sets and conclude that the presently available correlations show considerable discrepancies in heat transfer coefficients within the selected conditions. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20262 Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
LDL lipid apheresis rapidly increases peripheral endothelial progenitor cell competence
Authors: Patschan Daniel , Patschan Susann , Henze Elvira , Wessels Johannes T. , Koziolek Michael , Müller Gerhard A. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackground and Aim:Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been shown to promote neovascularization under physiologic and pathologic conditions. Statins have been documented to increase the total number of circulating EPCs in long‐term treated patients. Lipid apheresis is used to treat patient with refractory hyperlipidemia. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether lipid apheresis is associated with EPC mobilization.Methods:Thirteen patients with refractory hyperlipidemia (analysis at the beginning and at the end of a single lipid apheresis treatment) and 10 healthy controls were included into the study. For quantifying total peripheral EPCs, CD133+/Flk‐1+ myelo‐monocytic blood cells were enumerated by flow cytometry. The proliferative potential of EPCs was evaluated by a “colony‐forming unit” assay. In some patients, EPC eNOS expression was evaluated before and after treatment.Results:Circulating EPCs and the cells' proliferative activity were lower in hyperlipidemia patients as compared to controls (0.14 ± 0.07 vs. 0.6 ± 0.14, P = 0.01, and 13.9 ± 4.9 vs. 45.6 ± 8.1, P = 0.0007). Lipid apheresis treatment was not associated with an increase in total EPCs. The cells' proliferative activity was strongly stimulated by lipid apheresis as reflected by an increase in the number of EPC colonies (13.9 ± 4.9 to 34.1 ± 7.3, P = 0.035). Analysis of EPC eNOS expression revealed a threefold increase in the cellular expression intensity after lipid apheresis.Conclusions:Patients with refractory hyperlipidemia exhibit lower peripheral EPC numbers and a lower proliferative activity of circulating EPCs than healthy controls. A single lipid apheresis treatment significantly stimulates EPC proliferation, it furthermore increases cellular eNOS. In summary, these results show that lipid apheresis mediates beneficial effects on the EPC system as an essential element in the process of vascular repair in the human organism. J. Clin. Apheresis 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A mechanistic study on the fragmentation of peptide‐derived Amadori products
Authors: Stefanowicz Piotr , Kapczynska Katarzyna , Jaremko Mariusz , Jaremko Łukasz , Szewczuk Zbigniew 
Published: September 2009

AbstractGas phase fragmentation of peptide‐derived Amadori products was investigated using synthetic compounds regioselectively deuterated as well as labeled with 18O at aminofructose moiety. The eliminated molecule CH2O contains exclusively protons attached to carbon C6 of the aminofructose moiety. The hydrogen atoms connected with the carbon C1 of the aminofructose moiety are partially eliminated as a component of water molecules during the dehydration process and partially dislocated within the fragmented peptide molecule. The labeled oxygen atom attached to the carbon C2 is eliminated in 100% along with the first loss of water. The MS3 experiments revealed that the product ion formed by triple dehydration of the Amadori product does not eliminate the formaldehyde molecule. On the basis of these observations we proposed a hypothetical mechanism of Amadori products' fragmentation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Maturation of the HIV reverse transcription complex: putting the jigsaw together
Authors: Warrilow David , Tachedjian Gilda , Harrich David 
Published: September 2009

AbstractUpon HIV attachment, fusion and entry into the host cell cytoplasm, the viral core undergoes rearrangement to become the mature reverse transcription complex (RTC). Reduced infectivity of viral deletion mutants of the core proteins, capsid and negative factor (Nef), can be complemented by vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudotyping suggesting a role for these viral proteins in a common event immediately post‐entry. This event may be necessary for correct trafficking of the early complex. Enzymatic activation of the complex occurs either before or during RTC maturation, and may be dependent on the presence of deoxynucleotides in the host cell. The RTC initially becomes enlarged immediately after entry, which is followed by a decrease in its sedimentation rate consistent with core uncoating. Several HIV proteins associated with the RTC and recently identified host‐cell proteins are important for reverse transcription while genome‐wide siRNA knockdown studies have identified additional host cell factors that may be required for reverse transcription. Determining precisely how these proteins assist the RTC function needs to be addressed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Asian Indian adolescents from Guadeloupe are fatter than their island counterparts
Authors: Sinnapah Stéphane , Antoine-Jonville Sophie , Hue Olivier 
Published: September 2009

The present study aimed at comparing the anthropometric profile of Asian Indian adolescents from Guadeloupe with that of their island counterparts. A total of 720 voluntary 11- to 17-year-old students participated: 180 Asian Indians and 540 age- and sex-matched students of other origin. Weight and height were measured to calculate the BMI. Waist and hip circumferences and bicipital, tricipital, subscapular and supra-iliac skinfold thicknesses were assessed. The percentage of body fat was estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Obesity was defined from BMI according to the International Obesity Task Force recommendations. Asian Indians were smaller and lighter than their counterparts. They had a higher body fat percentage even after adjustment on BMI but the prevalence of obesity did not differ, with an overall prevalence of 5·69 (95 % CI 5·67, 5·71) %. No principal effects of ethnicity on waist and hip circumferences or the waist:hip ratio were evidenced. The sum of the four skinfold thicknesses was the strongest predictor of body fat percentage, and the adjustment of overall body fat on subcutaneous fat cancelled the effect of ethnicity on this dependent variable. The present study found that Asian Indian adolescents from Guadeloupe had the same tendency toward higher body fat and body fat-for-BMI as previously documented in Asian Indian adults. It raises the hypothesis of a higher cardiovascular risk in this ethnic group from adolescence and questions the validity of using common BMI references for screening obesity in multiethnic communities.
Relativized hyperequivalence of logic programs for modular programming
Authors: TRUSZCZYŃSKI MIROSŁAW , WOLTRAN STEFAN 
Published: September 2009

AbstractA recent framework of relativized hyperequivalence of programs offers a unifying generalization of strong and uniform equivalence. It seems to be especially well suited for applications in program optimization and modular programming due to its flexibility that allows us to restrict, independently of each other, the head and body alphabets in context programs. We study relativized hyperequivalence for the three semantics of logic programs given by stable, supported, and supported minimal models. For each semantics, we identify four types of contexts, depending on whether the head and body alphabets are given directly or as thecomplementof a given set. Hyperequivalence relative to contexts where the head and body alphabets are specified directly has been studied before. In this paper, we establish the complexity of deciding relativized hyperequivalence with respect to the three other types of context programs.
Intrusive imagery and goals: a control theory perspective
Authors: Reid Stuart 
Published: September 2009

AbstractRecently, autobiographical memory theorists proposed that intrusive imagery contains important information about goals. This study examined thematic links between approach and avoidance goals in two groups: a clinical group (n = 22) and a non-clinical group (n = 24). Participants completed the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation – Outcome Measure (CORE-OM), Goals Task and an imagery interview. In the total sample, almost 90% of reported imagery matched at least one goal. Eighty-five percent of clinical participants reported imagery that matched avoidance goals, whereas only half of non-clinical participants' imagery matched an avoidance goal. The majority of imagery was found to be associated with a particular memory or a collection of memories for similar events. These findings support proposals that intrusive imagery contains important information about goals, and in particular states of the world to be avoided. Clinical implications and directions for future research are discussed.
Why do phosphatidylinositol kinases have so many isoforms?
Authors: Min Sang H. , Abrams Charles S. 
Published: September 2009

Macromolecules can be transported into the cells by endocytosis, either by phagocytosis or by pinocytosis. Typically, phagocytosis involves the uptake of solid large particles mediated by cell-surface receptors, whereas pinocytosis takes up fluid and solutes. The synthesis of PtdIns(4,5)P2 and PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 plays fundamental roles in all forms of endocytosis. Curiously, almost all eukaryotic cells have multiple isoforms of the kinases that synthesize these critical phosphatidylinositols. In this issue of the Biochemical Journal, Namiko Tamura, Osamu Hazeki and co-workers report that the subunit p110α of the type I PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) is implicated in the phagocytosis and the pinocytosis of large molecules, whereas the receptor-mediated pinocytosis and micropinocytosis of small molecules do not seem to be controlled by this mechanism. The present commentary discusses recent literature that has begun to unravel why cells need so many phosphatidylinositol kinase isoforms, which were previously believed to be redundant.
Proposed Checklist of Hospital Interventions to Decrease the Incidence of Healthcare-Associated Clostridium difficile Infection
Authors: Abbett Sarah K. , Yokoe Deborah S. , Lipsitz Stuart R. , Bader Angela M. , Berry William R. , Tamplin Elise M. , Gawande Atul A. 
Published: September 2009

Background.The incidence and severity of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) are increasing, and previously described interventions for controlling the spread of CDI are not easily generalized to multiple healthcare institutions.Objective.We tested prevention and treatment bundles to decrease the incidence of CDI and the mortality associated with CDI at our hospital.Design.Observational before-after study of adult patients admitted to a tertiary care, university-affiliated hospital during the period from January 2004 through December 2008.Methods.In January 2006, we launched an educational campaign and introduced a prevention bundle—a series of specific processes aimed at preventing the transmission of C. difficile among hospitalized patients, including enhanced isolation practices, laboratory notification procedures, and steps coordinating infection control and environmental services activities. In April 2006, we implemented a treatment bundle—a set of hospital-wide treatment practices aimed at minimizing the risk of serious CDI complications. We tracked quarterly incidence rates and case-fatality rates for healthcare-associated CDI cases at our hospital. Our main outcome was the healthcare-associated CDI incidence rate, measured as the number of healthcare-associated cases of CDI per 1,000 patient-days.Results.We followed patients for a total of 1,047,849 patient-days. The healthcare-associated CDI incidence rates fell from an average of 1.10 cases per 1,000 patient-days before intervention to 0.66 cases per 1,000 patient-days after intervention. This statistically significant decrease amounts to a 40% reduction in incidence after the intervention.Conclusions.Our intervention was successful in reducing the incidence of CDI at our hospital. On the basis of our experience, we propose the use of a checklist of hospital interventions to decrease the incidence of healthcare-associated CDI.
Surveillance for Quality Assessment I. Surveillance in Infection Control Success Reviewed
Authors: Crede William , Hierholzer Walter J. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThis review of the use of surveillance by infection control practitioners (ICPs) in nosocomial infection control programs has identified key components that have led to and supported its continued application and success. These include:◾ Surveillance targeting of events (diseases);◾ Early development of standardized definitions;◾ Wide acceptance of these criteria;◾ Advocacy, leadership and education of methodology and;◾ A high level of effectiveness in program practice.
Efficiency of the home parental programme in visual–motor home activity among first‐grade children
Authors: Ratzon N. Z. , Zabaneh‐Tannas K. , Ben‐Hamo L. , Bart O. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackground  The objectives of this study were to assess the efficacy of the home parental programme (HPP) in improving children's visual–motor skills, and to assess parent satisfaction with the programme.Methods  Forty‐five children and their parents participated in the study: 23 children and their parents in the study group (children receiving consultation in the classroom and whose parents participated in the HPP) and 22 children and their parents in the control group (children receiving consultation in the classroom only). All children were recruited based on their scores on the Visual Motor Integration test or upon teacher referral. The Developmental Test of Visual Perception‐2 administered before and after intervention served as an outcome measure. HPP lasted approximately 12 weeks and included relevant visual–motor activities carried out at home by the parents with their children.Results  The study failed to prove that HPP improved children's visual–motor skills beyond the other service delivery methods used in the present study.Conclusions  Parent satisfaction was significantly higher among those who participated in the HPP. Parents showed high compliance with the friendly programme despite their low socio‐economic status.
Stability and loss of a virus resistance phenotype over time in transgenic mosquitoes harbouring an antiviral effector gene
Authors: Franz A. W. E. , Sanchez‐Vargas I. , Piper J. , Smith M. R. , Khoo C. C. H. , James A. A. , Olson K. E. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractTransgenic Aedes aegypti were engineered to express a virus‐derived, inverted repeat (IR) RNA in the mosquito midgut to trigger RNA interference (RNAi) and generate resistance to dengue virus type 2 (DENV2) in the vector. Here we characterize genotypic and phenotypic stabilities of one line, Carb77, between generations G9 and G17. The anti‐DENV2 transgene was integrated at a single site within a noncoding region of the mosquito genome. The virus resistance phenotype was strong until G13 and suppressed replication of different DENV2 genotypes. From G14–G17 the resistance phenotype to DENV2 became weaker and eventually was lost. Although the sequence of the transgene was not mutated, expression of the IR effector RNA was not detected and the Carb77 G17 mosquitoes lost their ability to silence the DENV2 genome.
Cloning and characterization of Dorsal homologues in the hemipteran Rhodnius prolixus
Authors: Ursic‐Bedoya R. , Buchhop J. , Lowenberger C. 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Rhodnius prolixus is an ancient haematophagous hemipteran insect capable of mounting a powerful immune response. This response is transcriptionally regulated in part by transcription factors of the Rel/Nuclear Factor kappa B (Rel/NF‐κB) family. We have cloned and characterized three members of this transcription factor family in this insect. Dorsal 1A is primarily expressed in early developmental stages. In contrast, dorsal 1B and 1C, both differentially spliced products of dorsal 1A, are expressed primarily in the adult fat body in response to septic injury, suggesting their exclusive role in immunity. Additionally, we identified putative κB binding sites in the 5′ upstream regions of target genes known to be involved in the innate immune response of insects.
Efficacy of grass pollen sublingual immunotherapy for three consecutive seasons and after cessation of treatment: the ECRIT study
Authors: Ott H. , Sieber J. , Brehler R. , Fölster‐Holst R. , Kapp A. , Klimek L. , Pfaar O. , Merk H. 
Published: September 2009

Background:  Data supporting a carry‐over effect with sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) are scarce. This randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study evaluated the efficacy, carry‐over effect and safety of grass pollen SLIT using co‐seasonal treatment.Methods:  Patients (7.9–64.7 years) with grass pollen allergy received ultra‐rush titration with increasing doses (30, 90, 150 and 300 IR) of a 5‐grass pollen mixture every 20 min at the start of the pollen seasons, followed by 300 IR daily until the end of the pollen seasons. A baseline season (no SLIT) was followed by three consecutive treatment seasons and one follow‐up season. Symptoms, medication and adverse events were documented and specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E and IgG4 measured.Results:  Data were analysed for 183 of the 213 randomized patients. Mean treatment duration varied between seasons (81.8−92.7 days). Combined scores (symptoms and medication) improved progressively across treatment seasons (up to 44.7% improvement for SLIT compared with baseline) and fluctuated between −11.3% and −14.8% for placebo (P < 0.05). Similar changes were observed for symptom scores, with a successive decrease of 39.7% (SLIT) and fluctuations between +13.6% and −1.51% for placebo (P < 0.05). Combined score (P = 0.0508) and symptom score improvements (P = 0.0144) with SLIT continued during follow up. Increases in specific IgG4 observed in the first season were sustained for SLIT vs placebo throughout treatment (P = 0.0001). Titration and daily SLIT were well tolerated. No serious systemic or anaphylactic reactions were reported.Conclusions:  Seasonal SLIT with ultra‐rush titration is well tolerated and effective from the first treatment season onwards. These data indicate a carry‐over effect of seasonal SLIT.
Catheter balloon‐related urethral trauma in children
Authors: D'Cruz Rachel , Soundappan Soundappan SV , Cass Daniel T , Smith Grahame 
Published: September 2009

Aim:  To review urethral injuries arising from incorrect balloon inflation in children undergoing urinary catheterisation.Method:  Retrospective review from 1995–2006. Children who sustained catheter‐related injury at The Children's Hospital at Westmead were identified through medical records database and reviewed.Results:  Six patients were identified over the 11‐year period. All six were boys. Age ranged from <1 month to 16 years. All but one occurred in hospital. All injuries were confirmed by urethrogram. Bulbar and prostatic urethra was involved in an equal number of children studied. Three patients required suprapubic catheters. Follow‐up imaging revealed healing without stricture in all patients.Conclusion:  Balloon‐related urethral trauma can be avoided by educating health‐care professionals on proper placement and confirmation of position of catheter. Though there were no long‐term complications noted, a temporary suprapubic diversion may be needed.