bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Little Millet (Panicum sumatrense L.) Based Intercropping System on Growth, Yield and Nutrient Status of Soil under Rainfed Condition
Authors: Vivekavadhani A.R. , Mohanapriya R. , Sharmili K. , Poonguzhali R. Susan 
Published: April 2024

Aims: To determine the suitable component crop and its row pattern for enhancing growth and yield of little millet under intercropping system.
Study Design: Randomized complete Block Design (RBD).
Place and Duration of Study: The field experiment was carried out during the rabi season from October 2023 – January 2024 at Instructional north farm in Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.
Methodology: This field experiment consists of 3 replications with eleven treatments viz., T1 – Little millet sole crop, T2 – Little millet + black gram (4:1), T3 – Little millet + black gram (6:1), T4 – Little millet + green gram (4:1), T5 – Little millet + green gram (6:1), T6 – Little millet + redgram (4:1), T7 – Little millet + redgram (6:1), T8 – Little millet + cowpea (4:1), T9 – Little millet + cowpea (6:1), T10 – Little millet + bengal gram (4:1), T11 – Little millet + bengal gram (6:1).
Results: The results of the experiment showed that T2 little millet + black gram (4:1) recorded the higher growth parameters like plant height (127.6 and 133.6 cm at 60 DAS and at harvest stage) and LAI of 5.23 and 4.84 at 60 DAS and at harvest stage, respectively and also produced higher yield parameters like no.of tillers plant-1 (9) and no.of productive tillers (8) with higher grain and stover yield of 1326 and 4109 kg ha-1 and it is statistically parallel with T4 little millet + green gram (4:1). And also, nutrient uptake was highest (N – 40.8, P – 5.7 and K – 33.5 kg ha-1) in little millet + black gram (6:1). Regarding the post harvest soil fertility status, little millet + cowpea (4:1) registered the highest available NPK (339, 47.6 and 197 kg ha-1). Therefore, intercropping of black gram or green gram with little millet under rainfed condition would be the ideal recommendation.
Effect of Organic Manure of Nitrogen Nutrients on Economic Benefits of Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Authors: Kumar Rohit , Sulekha . , Yadav K.K , Singh Lovepreet , Saharan Karanveer 
Published: April 2024

A field experiment was conducted at crop research center of IFTM University Moradabad (U.P.) field experiment carried out during the Rabi season 2022–2023. The texture of the sandy loam soil in the experimental field was sandy loam. The randomized block design method was used for the statistical analysis, and the ten treatments included three replications of the application of biofertilizers and V.C. FYM. Treatments were T1 (control), T2 (Pressmud @ 10 t ha-1 + PSB + Azotobactor), T3 (Pressmud @ 10 t ha-1 + PSB), T4 (FYM @ 10 t ha-1 + PSB + Azotobactor), T5 (FYM @ 10 t ha-1 + PSB ), T6 (VC @ 5 t ha-1 + PSB) T7 (VC @ 5 t ha-1 +PSB+Azotobactor), T8 (50%N Through FYM+50% Through NPK), T9 (75%N Through FYM+25%Through NPK) T10 (100% NPK 120:60:40) wheat variety DBW90 was sown on during December 2022. The levels of NPK fertilizer were associated with a rise in the economic benefits. The outcome showed that, under the treatment 100% NPK of RDF T10, the highest gross return of Rs. 111061 of ha-1, the highest net return of Rs. 74821 of ha-1, and the maximum benefit of cost ratio 2.06 were all recorded. When it came to economics, the treatment that used 100% NPK of RDF was found to be superior and statistically comparable to T8. It is also possible to maintain soil fertility, which is crucial for sustainable crop production, by applying organic matter and fertilizers in conjunction with inorganic ones.
Perancangan Sistem Penjadwalan Perawatan Yang Mendukung Total Productive Maintenance Di P.T. X
Authors: Wahjudi Didik , Lim Resmana , Budi Evander 
Published: April 2024

P.T. X yang memproduksi timba plastik memiliki Overall Equipment Effectiveness awal sangat rendah. Selain itu, divisi perawatan perusahaan melakukan perawatan tanpa adanya jadwal perawatan yang pasti sehingga pekerja hanya mengandalkan pengalaman mereka. Penelitian ini berfokus pada pembuatan jadwal perawatan preventif yang mendukung penerapan delapan pilar Total Productive Maintenance. Upaya perbaikan tersebut diharapkan dapat meningkatkan nilai OEE. Langkah awal yang dilakukan ialah memilih obyek mesin yang kritis sesuai dengan informasi dari pihak manajemen perusahaan. Langkah berikutnya adalah melakukan perhitungan nilai OEE berdasarkan data arsip laporan produksi pada mesin yang dipilih. Dari perhitungan OEE dan six big losses diperoleh kerugian apa yang paling dominan terjadi pada mesin tersebut. Hasil identifikasi kerugian tersebut dipakai sebagai patokan untuk membuat sistem penjadwalan perawatan dan upaya perbaikan lain yang mendukung implementasi TPM. Setelah jadwal perawatan tersebut diterapkan bersama dengan usulan-usulan perbaikan lainnya, penulis melakukan pengumpulan data pasca penerapan perbaikan. Dari data yang terbaru didapatkan peningkatan nilai OEE menjadi 61,91%.
Optimalisasi Pemakaian HDPE dan PP Sebagai Pengganti Sebagian Agregat Kasar Terhadap Kuat Tarik dan Kuat Tekan Beton
Authors: Seran Markus Dupri , Setiadji Julius Sentosa 
Published: April 2024

Semakin meningkatnya perkembangan teknologi baik di bidang infrastruktur maupun non infrastruktur, maka kebutuhan akan prasarana seperti gedung, jalan, jembatan, dan prasarana lain pada saat ini pun terus meningkat. Kebutuhan akan mutu dan jenis beton pun bervariasi sesuai permintaan di lapangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengoptimalisasi dan mengevaluasi seberapa besar kemampuan beton dengan penggantian sebagian agregat kasar (split) oleh agregat kasar plastik (HDPE) dan (PP) terhadap kuat tarik dan kuat tekan beton. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen di Laboratorium dengan membuat benda uji berupa silinder beton dengan ukuran diameter 15 cm dan tinggi 30 cm untuk pengujian kuat taik dan kuat tekan beton. Kemudian dilakukan pengujian kuat tarik dan kuat tekan beton pada umur 28 hari dengan menggunakan Mesin CTM (Compression Testing Machine) setelah melalui tahap perawatan (curing). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai slump adukan beton terus mengalami peningkatan seiring dengan peningkatan persentase penggantian agregat kasar (split) dengan agregat kasar plastik yaitu berkisar antara 9,50 – 14,2 cm akibatnya kadar air dalam campuran beton meningkat sehingga berpengaruh terhadap mutu beton yang dihasilkan semakin menurun. Semakin meningkat persentase penggantian agregat kasar (split) oleh agregat kasar plastik terhadap campuran beton normal, kuat tekan beton mengalami penurunan sebesar 8% atau sebesar 18,752 Mpa.. Terjadi peningkatan nilai kuat tarik pada persentase campuran 2% kemudian cenderung menurun seiring dengan meningkatnya persentase agregat kasar pengganti pada campuran beton.
Equilibrium and kinetic study for the removal of malachite green using activated carbon prepared from Borassus flabellofer male flower
Authors: Jagadeesh Babu P. E. , Kumar Vimal , Visvanathan Renuka 
Published: July 2009

AbstractActivated carbon was prepared from dried Borassus flabellofer male flower and batch adsorption experiments were conducted to study its potential to remove malachite green (MG) dye. The process was further optimized by studying the operating variables like initial pH of the stock solution, activation temperature, initial dye concentration, adsorbent loading and contact time. The optimized pH and activation temperatures were found to be 7.55 and 450 °C respectively, where further analysis was made using these optimal variables. Linear, Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were studied and it was found that the Langmuir isotherms have the highest correlation coefficients compared to the others. Further, the sorption kinetics were analysed using pseudo‐first‐order and pseudo‐second‐order kinetic models. The data showed that the second‐order equation was the more appropriate, which indicate that the intra‐particle diffusion is the rate limiting factor. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Catalytic decomposition of methane over supported Ni catalysts with different particle sizes
Authors: Yunfei Sun , Zhijun Sui , Jinghong Zhou , Ping Li , Xinggui Zhou , De Chen 
Published: July 2009

AbstractMethane decomposition on γ‐Al2O3‐supported Ni catalysts, as a method for the production of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and CO‐free hydrogen, has been investigated to show the effect of catalyst particle size on the rate and yield of CNFs formation. The catalysts were prepared by deposition–precipitation with different calcination temperature ranging from 725 to 1025 K so as to have different initial particle sizes. The results show that catalysts with smaller initial particle sizes had higher initial growth rate but experienced fast deactivation. The lifetime of the catalyst, ending at the inflection point on the rate curve of CNFs growth, could well represent the yield of CNFs of the catalyst, and the maximal yield of CNFs was achieved on the Ni catalysts calcinated at 823 K and with a particle size of around 56 nm. However, the diameters of the grown CNFs were not directly related to the initial size of the catalysts, because of particle sintering and breaking during catalyst reduction or CNFs formation. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transdermal drug delivery by coated microneedles: geometry effects on drug concentration in blood
Authors: Al‐Qallaf Barrak , Das Diganta Bhusan , Davidson Adam 
Published: July 2009

AbstractDrug administration through transdermal delivery is restricted by the top layer of skin, the stratum corneum. One possible solution to overcome the barrier function of the stratum corneum is to employ microneedle arrays. However, detailed theoretical models relating drug‐coated microneedles and their geometry to the drug concentration in the blood are limited. This article aims to address this issue by examining the blood concentration profiles for a model drug, insulin, that has been administered via coated microneedles. A mathematical model is introduced and applied to predict theoretical blood concentrations. Furthermore, the insulin concentration in blood is calculated for a range of different microneedle shapes and dimensions to identify the most effective geometry. The results indicate that the optimum microneedle geometry in terms of maximizing insulin concentration was a rocket‐shaped needle with a constant tip angle of 90°. Also, it has been found that the number of microneedles in an array is the most significant factor in determining maximum insulin concentration in the blood (Cb, max). Penetration depth of the microneedle, centre‐to‐centre spacing and microneedle thickness had a less significant effect on the maximum insulin concentration in the blood. It is envisaged that the current study will help in designing microneedles of optimum size and shape for transdermal drug delivery. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Three‐dimensional inversion of automatic resistivity profiling data
Authors: Papadopoulos Nikos G. , Tsokas Gregory N. , Dabas Michel , Yi Myeong‐Jong , Kim Jung‐Ho , Tsourlos Panagiotis 
Published: July 2009

AbstractGeophysical investigations through mobile multi‐electrode systems, such as the automatic resistivity profiling (ARP) method, can increase the size of the surveyed areas without jeopardizing the spatial resolution of the survey. The representation of the apparent resistivity data in maps corresponding to the different measuring dipoles is sufficient in most routine applications for outlining the buried archaeological structures. In specific cases where a more quantitative interpretation of the apparent resistivity data is demanded, a three‐dimensional resistivity inversion can provide the necessary tool for this purpose.This work investigates the possibilities and limitations of the three‐dimensional resistivity inversion in processing the ARP data. A three‐dimensional finite element smoothness‐constrained inversion algorithm was used. The active constraint balancing (ACB) method was also applied in order to enhance the stability and the resolving power of the inversion procedure.Resistivity models that are commonly encountered in archaeological exploration were used to generate synthetic apparent resistivity data using a three‐dimensional finite element forward modelling program. Inversion of the synthetic data showed that the maximum investigation depth of the ARP method is comparable to the length of the larger receiving dipole and cannot exceed the 2–2.5 m for the particular ARP device tested in this work. Archaeological structures buried within this depth range can be effectively mapped, while the resolution of the subsurface structures is related to the data acquisition parameters. The inversion algorithm was also used to reconstruct the three‐dimensional resistivity distribution from the ARP data set collected from the Andilly archaeological site in France. The results effectively showed that the three‐dimensional inversion can act as a complementary tool in acquiring a more quantitative interpretation model of the buried archaeological features. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of a novel diarylheptanoid (Juglanin B) from green walnut husks (Juglans regia L.) in rat plasma by high‐performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Huang Xin‐Yi , Duan Qiu‐Yan , Liu Jun‐Xi , Di Duo‐Long 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA simple and reliable analytical method based on high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with a diode array detector (DAD) was developed for the determination of a novel diarylheptanoid (Juglanin B) from green walnut husks (Juglans regia L.) in rat plasma using rhoiptelol as an internal standard. Chromatographic separation was carried out on a Sinochrom ODS‐AP C18 column (250 × 4.6 μm i.d., 5 mm) with acetonitrile–10 mM postassium dihydrogen phosphate (pH = 3; 55:45, v/v) as mobile phase, and the detection wavelength was set at 214 nm. The plasma samples were prepared using methanol as protein precipitator. The extraction recovery of Juglanin B ranged from 70.26 to 78.59%, and the calibration curve had a good linearity in the range 0.08–50 μg/mL (r2 = 0.9932). The RSDs of intra‐ and inter‐day precision ranged from 1.19 to 4.92% and 4.35 to 4.54%, respectively. The HPLC‐DAD method described is a simple, rapid and reliable method for the determination of Juglanin B level and for use in studies involving pharmacokinetics. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Catalytic Oxidative Decarboxylation of Some Benzylcarboxylic Acid Derivatives by a New Iron(III) Schiff Base Complex
Authors: MONTAZEROZOHORI Morteza , NASR‐ESFAHANI Masoud , AKHLAGHI Parisa 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA quadridentate Schiff base ligand of N,N′‐bis(2‐hydroxy‐α‐methylbenzylidene)ethylenediamine (HMBEDA) and its new iron(III) complex were synthesized and identified by analytical, spectral data (1H NMR, 13C NMR FT‐IR and UV‐visible) and molar conductance. A rapid and efficient homogeneous oxidative decarboxylation of some benzylcarboxylic acid derivatives was carried out by a catalytic amount of iron(III) Schiff base complex in chloroform, using tetrabutylammonium periodate as a mild oxidant in good to excellent yields at room temperature.
Asymmetric Epoxidation of Terminal Olefins with Binaphthyl Strapped Porphyrin Catalysts: (‐( Stacking Interaction and Steric Effects on the Enantioselectivities
Authors: REN Qizhi , WANG Aiqing , LIU Shuangyan , DING Xiaojian 
Published: July 2009

AbstractTwo binaphthyl strapped porphyrins with similar chiral auxiliaries 1b and 2b were used as efficient catalysts for asymmetric epoxidation of both styrene derivatives and non‐aromatic olefin substrates. Theoretical calculation of styrene approach to both catalysts has been performed. The subtle difference of the chiral cavities between two porphyrins has been analyzed by 1H NMR. The π‐π stacking interaction between aromatic substrates and catalysts might be one factor for the dramatic different enantioselectivities. Besides, the steric effect of the binaphthyl handle of 1b and 2b also causes the high ee values for non‐aromatic olefin epoxidations.
Combinatorial Approach to Synthesize and Optimize Gd2O3:Tb Nanocrystals
Authors: ZHANG Xiaoyu , WU Qingsheng 
Published: July 2009

AbstractCombinatorial approach was first used to synthesize and optimize luminescent Gd2O3:Tb nanocrystals. Orthogonal Design was used to investigate their properties comprehensively. The megascopic photoluminescence properties have been observed under ultraviolet light by a 254 nm laser. The structural properties of Gd2O3:Tb were further studied and optimized by X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The visible luminescence spectra were investigated under excitation by a 284 nm laser. Glutin reaction process was discussed as the possible mechanisms. Finally, the optimized sample was obtained with the best properties in some scope.
Synthesis and Biological Activities of Schiff Bases of 3‐Amino‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazole
Authors: SUN Xiaohong , LIU Yuanfa , CHEN Shuzhe , CHEN Bang , JIA Yingqi , ZENG Zhengfang 
Published: July 2009

AbstractEight Schiff bases of 3‐amino‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazole have been synthesized by glacial acetic acid catalyzed condensation of 3‐amino‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazole with substituted benzaldehyde and structurally confirmed by IR, 1H NMR and elemental analysis. The preliminary bioassay showed that the title compounds exhibited good fungicidal activities.
An Efficient Method for Racemization of (S)‐3‐Carbamoylmethyl‐5‐methylhexanoic Acid
Authors: WU Ting , GAO Man , YE Bo , SHEN Yongjia 
Published: July 2009

Abstract(S)‐3‐Carbamoylmethyl‐5‐methylhexanoic acid was heated in xylene and converted into 4‐isobutyl‐piperidine‐ 2,6‐dione, which was hydrolyzed in aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide to afford the racemate. Our process is much advantageous over the traditional one, with not only less time (ca. 20 h) but also higher yield (76.4%).
Synthesis and Reactivity of Group 6 Metal Carbonyl Complexes with Bis(pyrazol‐1‐yl)methanes Modified by the Vinyltin Groups
Authors: WEN Zhenkang , YANG Zhi , SONG Haibin , TANG Liangfu 
Published: July 2009

AbstractDiphenyl(vinyl)stannylbis(3,5‐dimethylpyrazol‐1‐yl)methane and diphenyl(vinyl)stannylbis(3,4,5‐trimethyl‐ pyrazol‐1‐yl)methane have been synthesized by the reaction of bis(3,5‐dimethylpyrazol‐1‐yl)methyl or bis(3,4,5‐ trimethylpyrazol‐1‐yl)methyllithium with diphenyl(vinyl)tin iodide. Treatment of these bis(pyrazol‐1‐yl)methanes modified by the vinyltin groups with M(CO)5THF (M=Mo and W) in refluxing THF resulted in new heterobimetallic complexes R3SnCHPz2M(CO)3 (R3Sn represents trivinyltin or diphenyl(vinyl)tin, and Pz represents substituted pyrazol‐1‐yl), in which a vinyl group bonds to the molybdenum or tungsten atom in η2‐fashion to lead to bis(pyrazol‐1‐yl)methanes acting as a tridentate κ3‐(π,N,N) ligand. Reaction of (CH2=CH)3SnCH(3,5‐Me2Pz)2W(CO)3 and Ph2(CH2=CH)SnCH(3,5‐Me2Pz)2W(CO)3 with I2 has been investigated. The former gave a complex CH2(3,5‐Me2Pz)2W(CO)4, while the latter yielded a four‐membered heterometallocyclic complex CH(3,5‐Me2Pz)2W(CO)3I with the loss of the organotin group. Treatment of this four‐membered heterometallocyclic complex with PhSNa led to the iodide anion replaced by the thiophenolate anion to give a complex CH(3,5‐Me2Pz)2W(CO)3SPh.
A clinical approach to exercise tolerance testing in coronary artery disease
Authors: Mills R. M. , Greenberg J. M. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractData from exercise tolerance testing should be incorporated into clinical decision making. A strategy for stratification of individual patients into high, indeterminate, and low‐risk categories using Bruce protocol exercise testing is outlined. This approach will help to ensure further evaluation of high‐risk individuals without excessive testing of patients having excellent long‐term prognoses.
Significance of hypertension in childrend
Authors: Levin S. E. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis article does not consider the secondary causes of high blood pressure in children. Essential hypertension is a major factor in the morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease among adult populations throughout the world. The possibility that a raised blood pressure may have its origins in childhood or even in infancy is being extensively explored. Accurate measurement of blood pressure—especially systolic—is now feasible, by the Doppler technique, in very young children. The concept of “tracking” of blood pressure has been investigated. In addition, factors such as familial aggregation, genetic aspects, and the role of obesity in the etiology of hypertension have been considered. The reason for differences in the severity of manifestation of hypertension in black and white populations has not been satisfactorily elucidated, despite a number of childhood population studies. With an increased number of blood pressure measurements more children are being discovered with labile or even essential hypertension. The exact level above which to consider therapy is somewhat controversial. Nevertheless, even with mild persistent elevations, nonpharmacologic measures such as control of obesity, reduction in salt intake, regular exercise, potassium supplementation, and relaxation therapy, seem warranted. These measures should also be seriously considered in the prevention of hypertension in young urban populations.
High dose intravenous streptokinase in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Neuhaus K. L. , Tebbe U. , Sauer G. , Kreuzer H. , Köstering H. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractEarly recanalization of infarct‐related coronary arteries has been attempted in 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and angiographically proven total occlusion by brief high dose intravenous streptokinase infusion (IVSK). In 24 patients (60%) recanalization was achieved after 48± 14 min of IVSK at an infusion rate of 30, 000 to 40, 000 IU/min (group A), in 16 patients there was a late (>2 h) or no recanalization (group B). The total dose of SK was 1.7±0.48 Mio IU in group A and 1.74±0.41 Mio IU in group B, the time from the onset of symptoms to peak myocardial enzyme of creatine phosphokinase (CKMB) 11 ±3 h in group A and 22±6 h in group B (p<0.001). Biplane left ventricular ejection fraction increased from 55±9% at the time of acute angiography to 58± 10% after 14 to 24 days in group A (p<0.1) and decreased from 49± 11 to 41 ±11% in group B (p<0.005). There were four reocclusions in group A, two could be reopened by i.v. urokinase (1 Mio IU over 30 min). During a follow‐up period of 18±8 months one patient in group A died from an early ventricular rupture 2 hours after recanalization, and one patient in group B from heart failure 7 months after IVSK. There was no serious bleeding or other complication related to IVSK. We conclude that IVSK is an effective and safe means of early recanalization of coronary thrombosis in AMI, and feasible in the majoriity of patients with AMI.