bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the probiotic effects of Lactobacillus sakei 2–3 and Candida zeylanoides Y12-3 strains in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792)
Authors: Taha Mohanad Dheyaa , Didinen Behire Işıl , Yilmaz Sevdan , Gürkan Mert , Kenanoğlu Osman Nezih 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study aimed to assess individual and combined effects of candidate probiotic strains C. zeylanoides Y12-3 and L. sakei 2–3 on growth, hematological parameters, serum immunological parameters, serum biochemistry, histopathology, histomorphology, expression of immune and antioxidant enzyme genes, and disease resistance against L. garvieae in rainbow trout. The fish were fed four different feeds (control, L. sakei 2–3, C. zeylanoides Y12-3, and L. sakei 2–3 + C. zeylanoides Y12-3) for 60 days. At the end of the experiment, growth parameters, serum glucose levels, serum lysozyme activity, and expression of immune and antioxidant enzyme genes were significantly increased in the probiotic groups. Additionally, triglyceride levels decreased in the probiotic groups compared to the control group, whereas serum ALT levels did not change. The villus width and the number of goblet cells increased in the proximal intestines of the fish in C. zeylanoides and L. sakei + C. zeylanoides groups. L. sakei 2–3 showed higher superoxide anion production, expression of immune genes (IgM, IL-B1, lysozyme, TNF-α, HSP70) in the kidney, antioxidant enzyme genes (GPX, GST, SOD) in the liver compared to C. zeylanoides. TNF-α, HSP70), and antioxidant enzyme genes (GPX, GST, SOD) compared to C. zeylanoides. L. sakei and the combination of L. sakei + C. zeylanoides provided resistance to L. garvieae compared to the control group. However, C. zeylanoides was similar to the other two probiotic groups regarding disease resistance against L. garvieae. However, histopathological examinations revealed reversible changes in the proximal intestine, anterior kidney, and liver of fish in the C. zeylanoides and L. sakei + C. zeylanoides groups. Hence, future studies are still required to explore the effects of shorter-term use of the C. zeylanoides strain in rainbow trout to prevent undesirable effects on tissues. In brief, the findings, as mentioned above, showed that L. sakei 2–3 and C. zeylanoides Y12-3 could be potential probiotic candidates for use in rainbow trout farming. Moreover, the probiotic effects of both strains on different fish species should also be studied.
Hypoxia-inducible factor and cellular senescence in pulmonary aging and disease
Authors: Thapa Riya , Marianesan Arockia Babu , Rekha A. , Ganesan Subbulakshmi , Kumari Mukesh , Bhat Asif Ahmad , Ali Haider , Singh Sachin Kumar , Chakraborty Amlan , MacLoughlin Ronan , Gupta Gaurav , Dua Kamal 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cellular senescence and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling are crucial in pulmonary aging and age-related lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer. HIF plays a pivotal role in cellular adaptation to hypoxia, regulating processes like angiogenesis, metabolism, and inflammation. Meanwhile, cellular senescence leads to irreversible cell cycle arrest, triggering the senescence-associated secretory phenotype which contributes to chronic inflammation, tissue remodeling, and fibrosis. Dysregulation of these pathways accelerates lung aging and disease progression by promoting oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and epigenetic alterations. Recent studies indicate that HIF and senescence interact at multiple levels, where HIF can both induce and suppress senescence, depending on cellular conditions. While transient HIF activation supports tissue repair and stress resistance, chronic dysregulation exacerbates pulmonary pathologies. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests that targeting HIF and senescence pathways could offer new therapeutic strategies to mitigate age-related lung diseases. This review explores the intricate crosstalk between these mechanisms, shedding light on how their interplay influences pulmonary aging and disease progression. Additionally, we discuss potential interventions, including senolytic therapies and HIF modulators, that could enhance lung health and longevity.
Epigenetic drugs in cancer therapy
Authors: Suraweera Amila , O’Byrne Kenneth J. , Richard Derek J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Genetic and epigenetic modifications of DNA are involved in cancer initiation and progression. Epigenetic modifications change chromatin structure and DNA accessibility and thus affect DNA replication, DNA repair and transcription. Epigenetic modifications are reversible and include DNA methylation, histone acetylation and histone methylation. DNA methylation is catalysed by DNA methyltransferases, histone acetylation and deacetylation are catalysed by histone acetylases and deacetylases, while histone methylation is catalysed by histone methyltransferases. Epigenetic modifications are dysregulated in several cancers, making them cancer therapeutic targets. Epigenetic drugs (epi-drugs) which are inhibitors of epigenetic modifications and include DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi), histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), histone methyltransferase inhibitors (HMTi) and bromodomain and extra-terminal motif protein inhibitors (BETi), have demonstrated clinical success as anti-cancer agents. Furthermore, the combination of epi-drugs with standard chemotherapeutic agents has demonstrated promising anti-cancer effects in pre-clinical and clinical settings. In this review, we discuss the role of epi-drugs in cancer therapy and explore their current and future use in combination with other anti-cancer agents used in the clinic. We further highlight the side effects and limitations of epi-drugs. We additionally discuss novel delivery methods and novel tumour epigenetic biomarkers for the screening, diagnosis and development of personalised cancer treatments, in order to reduce off-target toxicity and improve the specificity and anti-tumour efficacy of epi-drugs.
What responsibility gaps are and what they should be
Authors: Veluwenkamp Herman 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Responsibility gaps traditionally refer to scenarios in which no one is responsible for harm caused by artificial agents, such as autonomous machines or collective agents. By carefully examining the different ways this concept has been defined in the social ontology and ethics of technology literature, I argue that our current concept of responsibility gaps is defective. To address this conceptual flaw, I argue that the concept of responsibility gaps should be revised by distinguishing it into two more precise concepts: epistemic responsibility gaps (ERG) and control misalignments (CM). ERG functions as a refined version addressing specific aspects of responsibility attribution. It captures the challenge of identifying who is to blame. CM, on the other hand, introduces a new dimension by focusing on misalignments of control. These revisions offer better guidelines for the development and oversight of artificial agents, both in terms of assigning blame and ensuring the right distribution of control.
A Broadside Yagi-Uda Antenna with Enhanced Gain for mm-Wave Applications
Authors: Korres Alexandros , Papananos Yannis 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This work presents an original planar Yagi-Uda antenna utilizing only two metal layers to achieve broadside emission. The proposed design generates traveling waves and redirects them upwards, forming an oblique, highly directive main lobe. This feature facilitates integration into 2D array structures, distinguishing it from standard end-fire Yagi-Uda configurations, which are typically arranged linearly in one dimension. The implemented PCB prototype has a compact footprint of 12.5 × 20 mm2 and is optimized for mm-wave 5G applications. Operating within the 34.5 to 41.5 GHz frequency band, the antenna achieves outstanding performance, with a maximum radiation efficiency of 98% and a measured peak gain of 12.5 dB. Notably, the broadside emission produces a narrow main lobe tilted by 30° at 38 GHz. Additionally, this study outlines key principles for scaling the design, enabling adaptation to diverse technologies, and ensuring broad platform compatibility.
Technologies and Applications of Robots in Dementia Care: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wu Dongjun , Pu Lihui , Jo Jun , Moyle Wendy 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Socially assistive robotics (SARs) can provide social interventions for people living with dementia. Although several SARs have been introduced, the absence of their evaluation and discussion has restricted the development and use of robots in dementia care. This paper systematically reviews robot technologies, explores their applications, and provides systematic information for technology development, selection, and implementation for robots in dementia care. Following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, articles from January 1990 to May 2023 were retrieved from seven databases and 38 eligible articles were identified. Nineteen SARs were identified and reviewed, encompassing physical features, sensing capabilities, perception, user modeling, and interaction technologies. The robot personality framework, which classified SARs as animal-like, human-like, and artificial-being, was employed to compare technologies, applications, and clinical outcomes. In addition, the experimental methodologies and study quality of existing studies were compared and discussed. This study found that technologies shape the robot’s personality and contribute to its applications. Future studies could be based on their application purpose, which could guide the selection, development, and implementation of robot technologies, thereby promoting SAR applications in dementia care. In addition, studies with large sample sizes, rigorous study designs, and detailed intervention descriptions are recommended, which could enhance study quality and promote robot technologies and applications in dementia care.
Influence of pre-inoculation treatment on non-metallic micro-inclusion population and microstructure of spheroidal graphite irons
Authors: Pires António , Michels Leander , Simões Sónia , Hartung Cathrine , Ott Emmanuelle , Kroka Bente , Ribeiro Carlos Silva 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Producing high-quality spheroidal graphite irons has become challenging due to the need for high-quality raw materials. The iron-silicon-carbon alloy microstructure is influenced by the non-metallic micro-inclusions (microparticles) dispersed in the melt that can act as exogenous nucleation sites for graphite during solidification. For that, ferrosilicon alloys with specially selected active elements are often added to the melt to modify those micro-inclusions during the production of this material. In this context, the present study investigates the effect of a (Zr, Al, Ca)-ferrosilicon on micro-inclusion dispersion and microstructure of spheroidal graphite irons, as a pre-inoculation addition, where the sulfur and oxygen activity are the highest. The micro-inclusions were analyzed based on their chemical composition, area fraction, number density, and size distribution. The data suggests that the oxide population is greatly affected by coarsening of the oxide inclusions when the melt is pre-inoculated. Furthermore, the pre-inoculation treatment leads to the formation of more complex multiphase inclusions. Graphite nucleus types were statistically reported, and the results show that they are mainly sulfides and nitrides.

Graphical abstract
Electrical impedance tomography for PEEP titration in ARDS patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sanchez-Piedra Carlos , Rodríguez-Ortiz-de-Salazar Begoña , Roca Oriol , Prado-Galbarro Francisco-Javier , Perestelo-Perez Lilisbeth , Sanchez-Gomez Luis-Maria 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
To assess the efficacy of electrical impedance tomography (EIT)-guided positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) titration in improving outcomes for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Randomized controlled trials and observational studies with a control group comparing EIT-guided PEEP titration to other strategies were included. Endpoints analysed included mortality, days of mechanical ventilation (MV), intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS), weaning success rate, barotrauma, driving pressure (∆P), mechanical power (MP), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and adverse events. Pooled results were presented as Risk Ratio (RR) for dichotomous outcomes and standardized difference in means (SMD) for continuous outcomes. A total of 4 studies were identified (3 randomized controlled trials and one observational study). All studies were single-center studies (N total = 271 patients). The main limitations were related to potential bias in selecting reported outcomes. EIT-guided PEEP titration was associated with a significant reduction in mortality among critically ill patients with ARDS (RR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.45–0.91). No significant differences were found in other outcomes. Our findings suggest that EIT may be a valuable tool for PEEP titration in critically ill patients with ARDS. By optimizing lung mechanics, EIT-guided PEEP titration may potentially reduce mortality rates. While larger, multicenter studies are needed to definitively establish the clinical role of EIT in ARDS management, our results provide promising evidence for its potential clinical impact.
DiCARTTM device to measure capillary refill time: a validation study in patients with acute circulatory failure
Authors: Descamps Alexandre , Jacquet-Lagrèze Matthias , Aussal Thomas , Fellahi Jean-Luc , Ruste Martin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Capillary Refill Time (CRT) is a valuable metric to assess cutaneous perfusion. Its prognostic value in patients with acute circulatory failure has been reported as improved when the measurement is standardized. The DiCART™ device is a fully automated CRT measurement tool requiring validation. We conducted a comparative interventional single-center study including 25 patients with acute circulatory failure, to evaluate the agreement between CRT measured by an automated measurement device (CRTDiCART) and CRT measured clinically (CRTCLIN). CRT was measured on the fingertip, chest, and knee. Three measurements were performed at each location to obtain an average for each site. The measurements were conducted both clinically and using the DiCART™ device by two different operators, each blinded to the results. Agreement was determined using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland and Altman analysis. The ICC between CRTCLIN and CRTDiCART was 0.46 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.32, 0.59) across all measurement sites; the mean bias was 0.23s (95% CI -0.17, 0.64), with upper Limit of Agreement (LoA) 2.77s (95% CI 2.44, 3.20) and lower LoA − 2.30s (-2.73, -1.97). Intra observer ICC was 0.85 (95% CI 0.74, 0.91) for CRTCLIN and 0.43 (95% CI 0.15, 0.64) for CRTDICART. Inter observer ICC was 0.86 (95% CI 0.76, 0.92) for CRTCLIN and was 0.41 (95% CI 0.14, 0,63) for CRTDICART. The DiCART™ device showed poor agreement with clinical CRT in patients with acute circulatory failure, which does not support its use in routine practice.
Time Spent Gaming, Depressive Symptoms, and Behavioral Activation: A Longitudinal Mediation Study on Predictors of Gaming Disorder
Authors: Jin Jackson T. , Cassidy Samantha G. , Lechner William V. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that mental health symptoms and time spent gaming are associated with increased symptoms of gaming disorder. However, few studies explore mediators that may shed light on longitudinal associations or causal pathways. Proposed theories suggest that reduced engagement in meaningful and rewarding activities outside of gaming may initiate a cycle of increased dependence on gaming to derive reward, but empirical evidence is lacking. The current study assessed a series of micro-longitudinal mediation models analyzing relationships between (1) time spent gaming and gaming disorder and (2) depressive symptoms and gaming disorder, with behavioral activation level set as a potential mediator. Daily video game players (n = 98) were recruited to complete three waves of measures assessing negative emotion and game-play characteristics during a baseline session and weekly follow-ups over 2 weeks. Self-reported time spent gaming was associated with decreased levels of behavioral activation, which subsequently, was associated with elevated gaming disorder symptoms. Similarly, depressive symptoms were significantly associated with increased gaming disorder symptoms via lower behavioral activation levels. However, both models demonstrated non-significant indirect effects when baseline values of variables (thus assessing change) were controlled for. Additionally, meaningful differences between objective logged data and subjective self-report estimates of time spent gaming were observed and may explain discrepancies across models examining this variable. The current results indicate that both depressive symptoms and behavioral activation levels may play important roles in the development of problematic gaming patterns; however, further research is needed to build confidence for causal relationships between these variables. Future directions and specific recommendations for advancing the current findings are discussed.
Compatible basal area models for live and dying trees using diffusion processes
Authors: Rupšys Petras 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Models that predict a forest stand’s evolution are essential for developing plans for sustainable management. A simple mathematical framework was developed that considers the individual tree and stand basal area under random resource competition and is based on two assumptions: (1) a sigmoid-type stochastic process governs tree and stand basal area dynamics of living and dying trees, and (2) the total area that a tree may potentially occupy determines the number of trees per hectare. The most effective method to satisfy these requirements is formalizing each tree diameter and potentially occupied area using Gompertz-type stochastic differential equations governed by fixed and mixed-effect parameters. Data from permanent experimental plots from long-term Lithuania experiments were used to construct the tree and stand basal area models. The new models were relatively unbiased for live trees of all species, including silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) and downy birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh.), [spruce (Picea abies), and pine (Pinus sylvestris)]. Less reliable predictions were made for the basal area of dying trees. Pines gave the highest accuracy prediction of mean basal area among all live trees. The mean basal area prediction for all dying trees was lower than that for live trees. Among all species, pine also had the best average basal area prediction accuracy for live trees. Newly developed basal area growth and yield models can be recommended despite their complex formulation and implementation challenges, particularly in situations when data is scarce. This is because the newly observed plot provides sufficient information to calibrate random effects.
Psychological supports for people living with a rare disease in Ireland: an online survey-based study
Authors: Nerney Darragh , O’Malley Emer , Kenny Caroline , Ward Alana , Sweeney Geraldine , McGrath Vicky , Egan Laura , Treacy Eileen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
People living with rare diseases have reported high unmet support needs for access to psychological services despite the significant impact rare diseases have on mental health.

Aims
This study aimed to explore experiences in accessing psychological supports in the Republic of Ireland, and ways in which supports can be improved.

Methods
An online survey was distributed to people living with rare diseases through Irish rare disease patient organisations and expert centres (May–June 2023). Paediatric and adult participants were included with carers providing information on behalf of those age < 18 years. A PRISMA-based scoping review was conducted to explore reported gaps in psychological supports for people living with rare diseases.

Results
Eligible responses were received from 142 participants (87 adults, 55 children, 94 females, 47 males). People living with rare diseases reported a need for psychological supports at all stages of their patient journey. Participants indicated that a rare disease has an impact on educational, social, and financial aspects of daily living. A lack of understanding of the rare disease by healthcare professionals, extended waiting times, and the financial burden of accessing supports were key themes identified by participants.

Conclusion
Living with a rare disease is associated with an increased mental health burden. Gaps remain in the provision of psychological supports for people affected by rare diseases. The integration of mental health supports into the care of people living with rare diseases should be a priority for the Irish health service.
Quo Vadis after AEGIS: New Opportunities for Therapies Targeted at Reverse Cholesterol Transport?
Authors: Lan Nick S. R. , Watts Gerald F. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose of Review
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is integral to reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), a process considered to protect against atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). We summarise findings from the recent AEGIS-II trial and discuss new opportunities for HDL therapeutics targeted at RCT.

Recent Findings
Mendelian randomisation studies have suggested a causal association between the functional properties of HDL and ASCVD. However, the AEGIS-II trial of CSL112, an apolipoprotein A-I therapy that enhances cholesterol efflux, did not meet its primary endpoint. Exploratory analyses demonstrated that CSL112 significantly reduced ASCVD events among participants with a baseline low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol ≥ 100 mg/dL, suggesting that RCT may depend on LDL-cholesterol levels.

Summary
The role of HDL therapeutics in patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia, inherited low HDL-cholesterol and impaired HDL function, especially with inadequately controlled LDL-cholesterol, merits further investigation. The treatment of patients with monogenic defects in HDL metabolism remains a significant gap in care that needs further research.
A Perspective on Home-Based Sexual Health Care: Evidence, Access, and Future Directions
Authors: (Hanneke) Goense Cornelia J.D. , Evers Ymke J. , Hoebe Christian J.P.A. , Dukers-Muijrers Nicole H.T.M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This perspective explores the impact of home-based sexual health services on accessibility to STI and HIV testing for priority populations. This study evaluates home-based services as independent care options and as complementary components of traditional clinic-based care.

Recent Findings
Challenges for persons to attend clinic-based sexual health care can be overcome by offering lower threshold home-based sexual health care. Implementing home-based services has successfully reached priority populations, including previously untested men who have sex with men (MSM) and individuals with a high exposure risk for sexually transmitted infections (STI) including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), attending location-based sexual health care. A challenge in home-based services is to ensure equitable care, such as for individuals with limited access to digital resources or low health literacy.

Summary
While home-based sexual health services enhance the accessibility of sexual healthcare, to ensure equitable care, research into the needs of still underserved populations and subsequent tailoring of the care offered, is needed. Continuous monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of home-based services may maximize the advantages of this promising type of care.