bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GH and IGF1 levels are positively associated with musculotendinous collagen expression: experiments in acromegalic and GH deficiency patients
Authors: Doessing Simon , Holm Lars , Heinemeier Katja M , Feldt-Rasmussen Ulla , Schjerling Peter , Qvortrup Klaus , Larsen Jytte O , Nielsen Rie H , Flyvbjerg Allan , Kjaer Michael 
Published: September 2010

ObjectiveDisproportionate growth of musculoskeletal tissue is a major cause of morbidity in both acromegalic (ACRO) and GH-deficient (GHD) patients. GH/IGF1 is likely to play an important role in the regulation of tendon and muscle collagen. We hypothesized that the local production of collagen is associated with the level of GH/IGF1.Design and methodsAs primary outcomes, collagen mRNA expression and collagen protein fractional synthesis rate (FSR) were determined locally in skeletal muscle and tendon in nine ACRO and nine GHD patients. Moreover, muscle myofibrillar protein synthesis and tendon collagen morphology were determined.Results and conclusionsMuscle collagen I and III mRNA expression was higher in ACRO patients versus GHD patients (P<0.05), whereas collagen protein FSR did not differ significantly between ACRO and GHD patients in muscle (P=0.21) and tendon (P=0.15).IGF1EaandIGF1EcmRNA expression in muscle was higher in ACRO patients versus GHD patients (P<0.01). MuscleIGF1EamRNA expression correlated positively with collagen I mRNA expression (P<0.01). Tendon collagen fibrillar area tended to be higher in GHD patients relative to ACRO patients (P=0.07). Thus, we observed a higher expression for collagen andIGF1mRNA in local musculotendinous tissue in ACRO patients relative to GHD patients. Moreover, there was a tendency towards a higher collagen protein FSR and a smaller collagen fibril diameter in ACRO patients relative to GHD patients. The results indicate a collagen-stimulating role of local IGF1 in human connective tissue and add to the understanding of musculoskeletal pathology in patients with either high or low GH/IGF1 axis activity.
Commodity Taxation under Habit Formation and Myopia
Authors: Cremer Helmuth , De Donder Philippe , Maldonado Dario , Pestieau Pierre 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
This paper analyzes the pattern of consumption taxes in a two period model with habit formation and myopia. An individuals second-period needs increase with first period consumption. However, myopic individuals do not see this habit formation relation when they take their saving decision. The first-best solution is decentralized by a simple Pigouvian (paternalistic) consumption tax (along with suitable lump-sum taxes). In a second-best setting, when personalized lump-sum transfers are not available, consumption taxes may have conflicting paternalistic and redistributive effects. Taxes should discourage consumption of goods that entail negative externalities (unforeseen habits), but instead they discourage less the consumption of goods that are proportionately consumed by individuals with high net social marginal utility of income. Both myopic and farsighted individuals may benefit more from the second-best policy as the proportion of myopic agents in society increases.
Prior Audits and Taxpayer Compliance: Experimental Evidence on the Effect of Earned Versus Endowed Income
Authors: Boylan Scott J. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACT: This paper provides evidence from a laboratory experiment designed to investigate the effect of prior audits on taxpayer compliance. The experiment provides evidence that when taxable income requires comparatively little time and effort to generate (endowed income), taxpayer compliance increases following an audit. In contrast, when taxable income requires comparatively large amounts of time and effort to generate (earned income), compliance decreases following an audit.
The results from this study suggest that taxpayer compliance is influenced by whether one has been audited in the past, but that the specific effect of prior audits depends on the amount of time and effort required to generate one’s income. This information should be of interest to policy makers who are concerned about improving taxpayer compliance. In addition, these results add to the body of evidence indicating that taxpayer decisions appear to be influenced by whether taxable income is earned or endowed. Finally, the results suggest that mixed findings documented in prior research on the role of prior audits can be attributed in part to systematic differences in whether taxable income was earned or endowed.
Common Variants at 10 Genomic Loci Influence Hemoglobin A1C Levels via Glycemic and Nonglycemic Pathways
Authors: Soranzo Nicole , Sanna Serena , Wheeler Eleanor , Gieger Christian , Radke Dörte , Dupuis Josée , Bouatia-Naji Nabila , Langenberg Claudia , Prokopenko Inga , Stolerman Elliot , Sandhu Manjinder S. , Heeney Matthew M. , Devaney Joseph M. , Reilly Muredach P. , Ricketts Sally L. 
Published: September 2010

OBJECTIVE
Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), used to monitor and diagnose diabetes, is influenced by average glycemia over a 2- to 3-month period. Genetic factors affecting expression, turnover, and abnormal glycation of hemoglobin could also be associated with increased levels of HbA1c. We aimed to identify such genetic factors and investigate the extent to which they influence diabetes classification based on HbA1c levels.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We studied associations with HbA1c in up to 46,368 nondiabetic adults of European descent from 23 genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and 8 cohorts with de novo genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We combined studies using inverse-variance meta-analysis and tested mediation by glycemia using conditional analyses. We estimated the global effect of HbA1c loci using a multilocus risk score, and used net reclassification to estimate genetic effects on diabetes screening.

RESULTS
Ten loci reached genome-wide significant association with HbA1c, including six new loci near FN3K (lead SNP/P value, rs1046896/P = 1.6 × 10−26), HFE (rs1800562/P = 2.6 × 10−20), TMPRSS6 (rs855791/P = 2.7 × 10−14), ANK1 (rs4737009/P = 6.1 × 10−12), SPTA1 (rs2779116/P = 2.8 × 10−9) and ATP11A/TUBGCP3 (rs7998202/P = 5.2 × 10−9), and four known HbA1c loci: HK1 (rs16926246/P = 3.1 × 10−54), MTNR1B (rs1387153/P = 4.0 × 10−11), GCK (rs1799884/P = 1.5 × 10−20) and G6PC2/ABCB11 (rs552976/P = 8.2 × 10−18). We show that associations with HbA1c are partly a function of hyperglycemia associated with 3 of the 10 loci (GCK, G6PC2 and MTNR1B). The seven nonglycemic loci accounted for a 0.19 (% HbA1c) difference between the extreme 10% tails of the risk score, and would reclassify ∼2% of a general white population screened for diabetes with HbA1c.

CONCLUSIONS
GWAS identified 10 genetic loci reproducibly associated with HbA1c. Six are novel and seven map to loci where rarer variants cause hereditary anemias and iron storage disorders. Common variants at these loci likely influence HbA1c levels via erythrocyte biology, and confer a small but detectable reclassification of diabetes diagnosis by HbA1c.
Some boundedness results for systems of two rational difference equations
Authors: Lugo Gabriel , Palladino Frank 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
We study k
th order systems of two rational difference equations $$
x_n = \frac{{\alpha + \sum\nolimits_{i = 1}^k {\beta _i x_{n - 1} + } \sum\nolimits_{i = 1}^k {\gamma _i y_{n - 1} } }}
{{A + \sum\nolimits_{j = 1}^k {B_j x_{n - j} + } \sum\nolimits_{j = 1}^k {C_j y_{n - j} } }}, y_n = \frac{{p + \sum\nolimits_{i = 1}^k {\delta _i x_{n - i} + } \sum\nolimits_{i = 1}^k {\varepsilon _i y_{n - i} } }}
{{q + \sum\nolimits_{j = 1}^k {D_j x_{n - j} + } \sum\nolimits_{j = 1}^k {E_j y_{n - j} } }} n \in \mathbb{N}
$$. In particular, we assume non-negative parameters and non-negative initial conditions, such that the denominators are nonzero. We develop several approaches which allow us to extend well known boundedness results on the k
th order rational difference equation to the setting of systems in certain cases.
The F4-algorithm for Euclidean rings
Authors: Sadiq Afshan 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
In this short note, we extend Faugére’s F4-algorithm for computing Gröbner bases to polynomial rings with coefficients in an Euclidean ring. Instead of successively reducing single S-polynomials as in Buchberger’s algorithm, the F4-algorithm is based on the simultaneous reduction of several polynomials.
A description of Banach space-valued Orlicz hearts
Authors: Labuschagne Coenraad , Offwood Theresa 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Let Y be a Banach space, (Ω, Σ; μ) a probability space and φ a finite Young function. It is shown that the Y-valued Orlicz heart H
φ(μ, Y) is isometrically isomorphic to the l-completed tensor product $$
H_\varphi \left( \mu \right)\tilde \otimes _l Y
$$ of the scalar-valued Orlicz heart Hφ(μ) and Y, in the sense of Chaney and Schaefer. As an application, a characterization is given of the equality of $$
\left( {H_\varphi \left( \mu \right)\tilde \otimes _l Y} \right)*
$$ and $$
H_\varphi \left( \mu \right)*\tilde \otimes _l Y*
$$ in terms of the Radon-Nikodým property on Y. Convergence of norm-bounded martingales in H
φ(μ, Y) is characterized in terms of the Radon-Nikodým property on Y. Using the associativity of the l-norm, an alternative proof is given of the known fact that for any separable Banach lattice E and any Banach space Y, E and Y have the Radon-Nikodým property if and only if $$
E\tilde \otimes _l Y
$$ has the Radon-Nikodým property. As a corollary, the Radon-Nikodým property in H
φ(μ, Y) is described in terms of the Radon-Nikodým property on H
φ(μ) and Y.
La conférence mondiale des peuples sur le changement climatiques et les droits de la Terre-Mère
Authors: Houtart François 
Published: September 2010

Résumé Dix ans après la guerre de l’eau qui fut un moment important dans l’arrivée au pouvoir du Mas et de Morales, le gouvernement Bolivien accueillait à Cochabamba en avril 2010 la Conférence mondiale des peuples sur le changement climatique et les Droits de la Mère Terre. Après le piteux résultat de la conférence de Copenhague, François Houtart considère que c’est étape une significative dans la construction d’un mouvement global pour la justice climatique. Tout en discutant les limites d’une initiative conviée par un chef d’État, l’auteur revient sur les propositions que comporte sa déclaration finale.
Entre refus de l'assignation et norme de genre : regards anthropologiques
Authors: Selim Monique , Absi Pascale 
Published: September 2010

Résumé Dans cet article, une anthropologue en questionne une autre sur son engagement féministe depuis 1970 et son lien avec son travail de recherche. En prenant l’exemple de quelques uns de ses terrains échelonnés sur 40 ans – le pays basque français, une multinationale au Bangladesh, une cité HLM, l’Ouzbékistan – Monique Selim montre l’indissociabilité d’une implication personnelle, intellectuelle et politique actualisée sur la France et les slogans mystificateurs de parité et de diversité.
Validation of a new pediatric joint scoring system from the International Hemophilia Prophylaxis Study Group: Validity of the hemophilia joint health score
Authors: Feldman Brian M. , Funk Sharon M. , Bergstrom Britt‐Marie , Zourikian Nichan , Hilliard Pamela , van der Net Janjaap , Engelbert Raoul , Petrini Pia , van den Berg H. Marijke , Manco‐Johnson Marilyn J. , Rivard Georges E. , Abad Audrey , Blanchette Victor S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractObjectiveRepeated hemarthrosis in hemophilia causes arthropathy with pain and dysfunction. The Hemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS) was developed to be more sensitive for detecting arthropathy than the World Federation of Hemophilia (WFH) physical examination scale, especially for children and those using factor prophylaxis. The HJHS has been shown to be highly reliable. We compared its validity and sensitivity to the WFH scale.MethodsWe studied 226 boys with mild, moderate, and severe hemophilia at 5 centers. The HJHS was scored by trained physiotherapists. Study physicians at each site blindly determined individual and total joint scores using a series of visual analog scales.ResultsThe mean age was 10.8 years. Sixty‐eight percent were severe (93% of whom were treated with prophylaxis), 15% were moderate (24% treated with prophylaxis), and 17% were mild (3% treated with prophylaxis). The HJHS correlated moderately with the physician total joint score (rs = 0.42, P < 0.0001) and with overall arthropathy impact (rs = 0.42, P < 0.0001). The HJHS was 97% more efficient than the WFH at differentiating severe from mild and moderate hemophilia. The HJHS was 74% more efficient than the WFH at differentiating subjects treated with prophylaxis from those treated on demand. We identified items on the HJHS that may be redundant or rarely endorsed and could be removed from future versions.ConclusionBoth the HJHS and WFH showed evidence of strong construct validity. The HJHS is somewhat more sensitive for mild arthropathy; its use should be considered for studies of children receiving prophylaxis.
Selective Synthesis of Peapodlike Ni/Ni3S2 Nanochains and Nickel Sulfide Hollow Chains and Their Magnetic Properties
Authors: Zhou Wei , Chen Weimeng , Nai Jianwei , Yin PengGang , Chen Chinping , Guo Lin 
Published: September 2010

AbstractPeapodlike Ni/Ni3S2 chains of about 30 nm in outer diameter, with Ni cores of 10–15 nm, can be synthesized by a sacrificial template route. The Ni3S2 shell exhibits paramagnetic properties with a mass susceptibility of χ ≈ 5 × 10−5 emu (gOe)−1, while the ferromagnetic Ni cores show a superparamagnetic behavior with a blocking temperature of TB ≈ 130 K. The shape anisotropy of the chainlike structure is determined as 5.0 × 104 J·m−3, which is larger than the bulk magnetocrystalline anisotropy by one order of magnitude. The demagnetization factor is determined as ΔN = 0.29. The sample provides an ideal structure for studying the magnetization reversal property by the chain‐of‐sphere model. The observations on the formation of the peapod structure verify a growth mechanism of the nanoscale Kirkendall effect. Based on the preparation of peapod chains, a series of nickel sulfide hollow chains with average diameters of 25, 50, and 100 nm are fabricated. In addition, the phase transition for hollow chains from Ni3S2 to NiS is studied.
A Highly Efficient Large‐Scale Asymmetric Direct Intermolecular Aldol Reaction Employing L‐Prolinamide as a Recoverable Catalyst
Authors: Yang Yang , He Yan‐Hong , Guan Zhi , Huang Wei‐Da 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA new, simple bifunctional, recoverable and reusable L‐prolinamide organocatalyst that promotes aldol reactions while achieving a respectable level of enantioselectivity is reported. This organocatalyst is applicable to the reactions of a wide range of aromatic and heteroaromatic aldehydes with cyclic and acyclic ketones, and the anti‐aldol products could be obtained with up to 99:1 anti/syn ratio and 98% ee. The catalyst can be easily recovered and reused, and only a slight decrease of enantioselectivity was observed for five cycles. This novel catalyst can be efficiently used in large‐scale reactions with the enantioselectivity being maintained at the same level, which offers a great possibility for application in industry.
A New and Direct Trifluoromethoxylation of Aliphatic Substrates with 2,4‐Dinitro(trifluoromethoxy)benzene
Authors: Marrec Olivier , Billard Thierry , Vors Jean‐Pierre , Pazenok Sergii , Langlois Bernard R. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe reaction of tetrabutylammonium triphenyldifluorosilicate with 2,4‐dinitro(trifluoromethoxy)benzene, in acetonitrile and under microwave irradiation, generates a trifluoromethoxide anion which is able to substitute activated bromides (benzyl bromide, cinnamyl bromide), as well as, to some extent, alkyl iodides. Aliphatic trifluoromethyl ethers are thus formed. This is the first example of the nucleophilic displacement of the trifluoromethoxy group from an activated aromatic ring.
Respiratory health of two cohorts of terminal grain elevator workers studied 30 years apart
Authors: Dimich‐Ward Helen , Beking Kris J. , Dybuncio Anne , Bartlett Karen H. , Karlen Barbara J. , Chow Yat , Chan‐Yeung Moira 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIntroductionWe evaluated the respiratory health of two cohorts of grain terminal elevator workers who participated in one of either respiratory health surveys undertaken in 1978 and 2008.MethodsQuestionnaire and spirometry data from 584 workers from the 1978 survey and 215 workers from the 2008 survey were compared using logistic regression and general linear modeling.ResultsThe geometric means of area samples of grain dust averaged 8.28 mg/m3 in 1978 and 2.06 mg/m3 in 2008. Workers in the 1978 survey had a significantly higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms (with the largest adjusted odds ratio of 3.78, 95% CI 2.07–7.25, for shortness of breath), a lower prevalence of atopic conditions and lower mean lung function.ConclusionCurrent grain workers had a lower risk of respiratory health consequences and a greater prevalence of atopic conditions than workers surveyed 30 years prior, most likely associated with reduced exposure to grain dust in the terminal elevator environment. Am. J. Ind. Med. 54:263–268, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Exposure to flour dust and sensitization among bakery employees
Authors: Page Elena H. , Dowell Chad H. , Mueller Charles A. , Biagini Raymond E. , Heederik Dick 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health conducted a study to determine prevalences of sensitization to bakery‐associated antigens (BAAs) and work‐related respiratory symptoms at a large commercial bakery.MethodsThe following measurements were carried out: personal breathing zone (PBZ) and general area (GA) monitoring for inhalable flour dust, α‐amylase and wheat, a questionnaire, and blood tests for IgE specific to flour dust, wheat, α‐amylase, and common aeroallergens.ResultsOf 186 bakery employees present during our site visit, 161completed the questionnaire and 96 allowed their blood to be drawn. The geometric mean PBZ and GA inhalable flour dust concentrations for the lower‐exposure group was 0.235 mg/m3, and for the higher‐exposure group was 3.01 mg/m3. Employees in the higher‐exposure group had significantly higher prevalences of work‐related wheezing, runny nose, stuffy nose, and frequent sneezing than the lower‐exposure group. The prevalence of IgE specific to wheat was significantly higher among employees who ever had a job in the higher‐exposure group or in production at another bakery at both the ≥ 0.10 kU/L and the ≥ 0.35 kU/L cutoffs, and to flour dust and α‐amylase at the ≥ 0.10 kU/L cutoff, compared to the lower‐exposure group.ConclusionsDespite knowledge of the risks of exposure to flour being available for centuries, U.S. employees are still at risk of sensitization and respiratory symptoms from exposure to high levels of BAA. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:1225–1232, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rare genotype combination of the serotonin transporter gene associated with treatment response in severe personality disorder
Authors: Perroud Nader , Salzmann Annick , Saiz Pilar A. , Baca‐Garcia Enrique , Sarchiapone Marco , Garcia‐Portilla Maria P. , Carli Vladimir , Vaquero‐Lorenzo Concepción , Jaussent Isabelle , Mouthon Dominique , Vessaz Monique , Huguelet Philippe , Courtet Philippe , Malafosse Alain ,   and European Research Consortium for Suicide (EURECA)
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe insertion deletion (ins/del) polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene (5‐HTTLPR) has been associated with several psychiatric phenotypes and antidepressant's response. We investigated, in a large cohort of 5,608 controls and subjects suffering from various psychiatric disorders, the frequency of haplotypes and corresponding genotypes combining the 5‐HTTLPR and the other serotonin transporter promoter functional variant (rs25531). We showed that rs25531 lies 18 bp 5′ to the site where the 43 bp (and not 44 bp as previously described) ins/del defines the 14‐ and 16‐repeat alleles. These polymorphisms should therefore be considered as four alleles instead of a triallelic unique locus. The very rare G‐14/G‐16 genotype was carried on by only three subjects. These are women with a history of suicide attempt with a psychiatric history strongly suggesting a borderline personality disorder. Two of them have shown a non‐response to serotoninergic antidepressant. Interestingly, in one of them was observed a spectacular response after the introduction of bupropion. The genotyping droved our therapeutic approach, by preferring a dopaminergic over a serotoninergic agent. This study highlights the usefulness of studying very rare clinical cases as well as rare variants, in order to deal with the biological heterogeneity of spectral disorders. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Compatibilization of polyethylene/polyaniline blends with polyethylene‐graft‐maleic anhydride
Authors: Del Castillo‐Castro T. , Castillo‐Ortega M. M. , Herrera‐Franco P. J. , Rodríguez‐Félix D. E. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe use of compatibilizers as interfacial agents in composites can offer a convenient way to improve the mechanical properties of immiscible polymer blends. The aim of this article is to illustrate the compatibilization effect of polyethylene‐graft‐maleic anhydride (PEgMA) in blends of low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) and n‐dodecylbenzene sulfonate doped polyaniline (PANIDBSA) prepared by extrusion. Films with different compositions of the coupling agent were evaluated with optical spectroscopy and thermomechanical, electrical, mechanical, and morphological techniques. The incorporation of PEgMA into the LDPE/PANIDBSA composites resulted in an improvement of their electrical conductivity and changes in the mechanical and morphological properties of the films. When 5 wt % of the coupling agent was added to a 30 wt % of the polyaniline‐containing film, the conductivity increased by more than three orders of magnitude, and the ductility also improved qualitatively. The morphology analysis also indicated that the addition of PEgMA produced a strengthening of the filler–matrix interfacial region. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Thermal and flame retardant properties of ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer/modified multiwalled carbon nanotube composites
Authors: Wang Lichun , Jiang Ping Kai 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe synthesized flame retardant 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphanthrene‐10‐oxide/vinyl methyl dimethoxysilane (DV) was used to modify multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). The results of FTIR, 1H‐NMR, and TGA measurements show that DV has been covalently grafted onto the surfaces of MWNTs, and the MWNTs‐g‐DV is obtained successfully. Transmission electron microscopy images show that a core‐shell nanostructure appears with MWNTs as the core and the DV thin layers as the shell, and the modified MWNTs with DV can achieve better dispersion than unmodified MWNTs in EVM matrix. Thermogravimetric analysis and cone calorimeter tests indicate that the thermal stability and flame retardant are improved for the presence of the MWNTs in EVM matrix. Moreover, the improvement is more evident for EVM/MWNTs‐g‐DV composite compared to unmodified MWNTs‐based composite, which can be attributed to the better dispersion of the DV‐modified MWNTs and to the chemical structure of the combustion residue. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011