bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delayed Complications of Gel Injection for Penile Girth Augmentation
Authors: Shaeer Osama , Shaeer Kamal 
Published: April 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Penile girth augmentation is a domain of extensive controversy and debate. A variety of methods is available for the choice of the surgeon including dermal-fat grafts and flaps. The need for a simple procedure with minimal donor site has lead to proposing injection therapy for penile augmentation, whether by fat or synthetic materials.

Aim
This work reports on a male patient suffering a deforming subcutaneous mass in the penis following penile girth augmentation by injection therapy using synthetic material, and describes its management, and pathologic analysis of the extracted tissue.

Methods
The mass was excised through a circumferential subcoronal incision while maintaining skin vascularity and integrity of the corpora. The excised tissue was microscopically examined.

Main Outcome Measures
Cosmetic and functional results of surgical correction.

Results
Cosmetic and functional outcome were acceptable. Pathology examination revealed features of foreign body granuloma.

Conclusion
Injection of fillers for girth augmentation of the penile shaft may result in delayed complications including migration, granulomatous reaction, and resorption that may occur beyond the follow-up span of the currently available study that recommends its use.
Patterns and Their Correlates of Seeking Treatment for Erectile Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Jiann Bang-Ping , Lu Chih-Chen , Lam Hing-Chung , Chu Chih-Hsun , Sun Chun-Chin , Lee Jenn-Kuen 
Published: April 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Diabetic patients are at high risk of having erectile dysfunction (ED), but their doctors rarely pay attention to this association.

Aim
To evaluate the treatment-seeking patterns and their correlates for ED in type 2 diabetic patients.

Methods
A questionnaire containing Sexual Health Inventory for Men and questions inquiring treatment-seeking patterns was mailed or given to 4,040 subjects who had visited our endocrinology outpatient department for diabetes during January 2004 to May 2006.

Main Outcome Measures
The prevalence of being bothered and having interest in treatment, and the percentage having sought treatment in regard to ED and their correlates with age and ED severity.

Results
Of the subjects with questionnaire completed, 83.9% (708/844) had ED. Among the subjects with different severity of ED, the moderate group had the highest percentages regarding prevalence of being bothered (89.4%), having interest in treatment (78.5%), and having sought treatment (46.2%). Of all the subjects, only 14.2% had ever visited Western physicians, whereas embarrassment and misinformation about ED treatment were the leading reasons for never doing so. Over half (56.6%) of those with ED wished to discuss ED problem with their doctors, and of them 90.4% wished the doctors to initiate to broach this issue.

Conclusions
The prevalence of ED and the concerns about it were high in these diabetic patients. ED severity was the major determinant of their treatment-seeking decision, whereas only few of them had ever sought professional help. Routine screening of ED in diabetic patients is recommended.
Men’s Sexual Health: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Print- and PDA-Based CME
Authors: Broderick Gregory A. , Abdolrasulnia Maziar 
Published: April 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Personal digital assistant (PDA)-based continuing medical education (CME) activities have become widely available.

Aims
To evaluate the effectiveness of print- and PDA-based CME materials in erectile dysfunction (ED).

Methods
CME materials describing links between ED and comorbid medical conditions, effects of certain lifestyle modifications on ED, and treatment of ED with phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors were distributed as a print supplement and as electronic modules, viewed with PDAs. We evaluated how effectively these materials improved evidence-based clinical choices, using survey questions about case vignettes and comparing responses of CME participants (N = 85) and matched nonparticipants (N = 94).

Main Outcome Measures
Effect size, measuring the difference in evidence-based clinical scores between participants and nonparticipants.

Results
CME certificates were awarded to 3,557 participants (459 print, 3,098 PDA). Among survey respondents, significantly more CME participants recognized that ED was associated with greater risk for myocardial infarction (61% participants; 34% nonparticipants; P ≤ 0.001) and was a strong marker for diabetes mellitus (37% participants; 9% nonparticipants; P ≤ 0.001). In contrast, participants and nonparticipants both displayed a good understanding of the relationships of smoking, obesity, and sedentary lifestyle with ED and of using PDE5 inhibitors to treat ED in patients with prostate cancer or benign prostatic hyperplasia; this likely reflects a good baseline understanding of these topics. Participants and nonparticipants each displayed a poor understanding of the recommendations regarding nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and PDE5 inhibitor use. Patient reluctance to discuss sexual concerns was perceived as the most significant barrier to optimal ED management.

Conclusions.
Given patient reluctance to discuss sexual concerns, future CME activities should focus on educating health-care providers and patients that ED is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Both print- and PDA-based CME on ED were effective; the large number of lesson completers suggests a trend toward on-demand, self-selected CME is positive.
Report of Two Cases of Bladder Perforation Caused by Reservoir of Inflatable Penile Prosthesis
Authors: Kramer Andrew C. , Chason Juddson , Kusakabe Alan 
Published: April 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Rupture of penile prosthesis reservoir into the bladder is an unusual and unexpected occurrence after prosthesis component replacement for malfunction. Scant literature exists describing a pathophysiology, diagnosis, and repair with device salvage.

Aim
Our goal is to describe an uncommon event in prosthetic surgery, and discuss the pathophysiology and ways to treat and perhaps avoid this occurrence.

Methods
Two patients presented with gross hematuria in the recovery room following repair of a cylinder to pump tubing break of their inflatable penile prostheses (IPPs). In each operation, the existing reservoir had been left in situ and refilled once placed in circuit with new cylinders and pump.

Results
The reservoirs had immediately ruptured into the bladder upon refilling, and were identified intravesically on cystoscopy and computed tomography scan. A one-step approach can be done to salvage the device, remove the eroded reservoir with bladder repair, and new reservoir placed directly into appropriate space.

Interpretation
During IPP revision, even when a reservoir is not manipulated simple tubing repair performed, gross hematuria in the recovery room likely signals bladder perforation. We include recommendations for reservoir management with implant revision, as well as surgical management and prevention of this complication.

Conclusions
Bladder perforation can be caused by penile implant revision even when the old reservoir is not manipulated. If this complication occurs, it can be surgically managed immediately. This can also potentially be avoided.
Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Patients with Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: Barassi Alessandra , Colpi Giovanni M. , Piediferro Guido , Dogliotti Giada , Melzi D’Eril Gian Vico , Corsi Massimiliano M. 
Published: April 2009

ABSTRACTIntroductionErectile dysfunction (ED) is increasingly recognized as a public health problem. The interaction between nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species is one of the important mechanisms implicated in the pathophysiological process of ED. Plasma contains various antioxidant components to prevent free-radical injury.AimThe aim of this study was to determine and compare the oxidative and antioxidant status of peripheral venous blood in patients with ED of arteriogenic and non-arteriogenic origin.MethodsOxidative stress and antioxidant status were assessed in 40 patients with ED and 20 healthy controls.Main Outcome MeasuresPlasma reactive oxygen metabolite (ROM) concentrations were measured as an indicator of oxidative stress, and plasma total antioxidant status (TAS) to indicate antioxidant defense.ResultsPlasma ROM concentrations were higher (349.75 ± 53.35 standard deviation [SD] U.Carr vs. 285.43 ± 25.58 U.Carr, P &lt; 0.001) and plasma TAS lower (0.54 ± 0.16 SD mmol/L vs. 0.94 ± 0.28 SD mmol/L, P &lt; 0.0001) in patients with arteriogenic ED in comparison to those in patients with non-arteriogenic ED. Plasma ROM and TAS in controls were not significantly different from those in non-arteriogenic ED.ConclusionsThis observation may be useful to better understand and distinguish arteriogenic from non-arteriogenic ED using laboratory tests. In addition, our findings provide important support for an antioxidant therapy to try to correct oxidative stress in arteriogenic ED patients.
The P300 Event-Related Potential Technique for Libido Assessment in Women with Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
Authors: Vardi Yoram , Sprecher Elliot , Gruenwald Ilan , Yarnitsky David , Gartman Irena , Granovsky Yelena 
Published: April 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
There is a need for an objective technique to assess the degree of hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD). Recently, we described such a methodology (event-related potential technique [ERP]) based on recording of p300 electroencephalography (EEG) waves elicited by auditory stimuli during synchronous exposure to erotic films.

Aims
To compare sexual interest of sexually healthy women to females with sexual dysfunction (FSD) using ERP, and to explore whether FSD women with and without HSDD would respond differently to two different types of erotic stimuli—films containing (I) or not containing (NI) sexual intercourse scenes.

Methods
Twenty-two women with FSD, of which nine had HSDD only, and 30 sexually healthy women were assessed by the Female Sexual Functioning Index. ERP methodology was performed applying erotic NI or I films.

Main Outcome Measures
Significant differences in percent of auditory p300 amplitude reduction (PR) in response to erotic stimuli within and between all three groups for each film type.

Results
PRs to each film type were similar in sexually healthy women (60.6% ± 40.3 (NI) and 51.7% ± 32.3 [I]), while in women with FSD, reduction was greater when viewing the NI vs. I erotic films (71.4% ± 41.0 vs. 37.7% ± 45.7; P = 0.0099). This difference was mainly due to the greater PR of the subgroup with HSDD in response to NI vs. I films (77.7% ± 46.7 vs. 17.0% ± 50.3) than in the FSD women without HSDD group or the sexually healthy women (67.5% ± 38.7 vs. 50.4% ± 39.4 respectively), P = 0.0084. For comparisons, we used the mixed-model one-way analysis of variance.

Conclusions
Differences in neurophysiological response patterns between sexually healthy vs. sexually dysfunctional females may point to a specific inverse discrimination ability for sexually relevant information in the subgroup of women with HSDD. These findings suggest that the p300 ERP technique could be used as an objective quantitative tool for libido assessment in sexually dysfunctional women.
Improved Erectile Function After Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in a Patient with Heart Failure—A Case Report
Authors: Domanski Damian , Rosanio Salvatore , Schwarz Ernst R. 
Published: April 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is very common among heart failure patients and has a very dramatic, negative impact on patients’ quality of life. Both ED and heart failure have several risk factors in common; however, little data exist on the correlation between the heart failure-targeted interventions and improvement of ED.

Aim
To report a case of improved sexual function after cardiac resynchronization.

Methods
We report the case of a 63-year-old man with ischemic cardiomyopathy and long-standing ED, who experienced significant improvement of his sexual function following biventricular pacing device implantation. Notably, earlier interventions attempting to improve his ED, namely, heart failure medication adjustments and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, have failed.

Results
Following cardiac resynchronization therapy, patient’s erectile function improved without any other ED-specific treatment.

Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of improved sexual function in a patient with heart failure and ED following cardiac resynchronization therapy. Although the exact mechanisms remain unknown, we believe that cardiac resynchronization improves ED through improved cardiac and endothelial function.
Estrogens Regulate Humans and Rabbit Epididymal Contractility Through the RhoA/Rho-kinase Pathway
Authors: Fibbi Benedetta , Filippi Sandra , Morelli Annamaria , Vignozzi Linda , Silvestrini Enrico , Chavalmane Aravinda , De Vita Giulia , Marini Mirca , Gacci Mauro , Manieri Chiara , Vannelli Gabriella Barbara , Maggi Mario 
Published: April 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
We have previously demonstrated that oxytocin (OT) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) peripherally regulate epididymal motility in an estrogen-dependent way. Because RhoA/Rho-kinase (ROCK) pathway is a contractile effector downstream to both OT and ET-1 receptors, we hypothesized an estrogenic modulation of OT- and ET-1-induced contraction through the up-regulation of RhoA/ROCK signaling.

Aim
To evaluate the effect of changing endocrine milieu on RhoA/ROCK pathway in the epididymis.

Methods
We induced a pharmacological hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in rabbits and replaced hypogonadal animals with different sex steroids (testosterone, T, or estradiol valerate, [E2v]). Effects of estrogen deprivation were also evaluated in rabbits chronically treated with the P450-aromatase inhibitor letrozole. An “in vitro” model of human epididymal smooth muscle cells was established and stimulated with sex hormones (72 hours). Protein and mRNA expression and functional activity of RhoA/ROCK signaling were studied by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, western blot analysis, cell migration and by “in vitro” contractility studies using the ROCK inhibitor Y-27632.

Main Outcome Measures
Effects of sex steroids on expression and functional activation of RhoA/ROCK signaling in rabbit epididymis and human epididymal smooth muscle cells.

Results
The relaxant effect of Y-27632 on ET-1-pre-contracted epididymal strips was significantly reduced in hypogonadal rabbits, as well as in letrozole-treated animals. T supplementation normalized T plasma levels, but not Y-27632 epididymal strip sensitivity. E2v not only completely restored Y-27632 responsiveness but even amplified it, indicating an estrogenic up-regulation of RhoA/ROCK pathway. Accordingly, ROCK1 protein and gene expressions were strongly induced by E2v but not by T. The estrogen-induced up-regulation of RhoA/ROCK signaling was confirmed in human epididymal smooth muscle cells.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that estrogens regulate epididymal motility by increasing RhoA/ROCK signaling, and therefore calcium sensitivity, which tunes up responsiveness to contractile factors.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Female Prostate Pathology
Authors: Wimpissinger Florian , Tscherney Robert , Stackl Walter 
Published: April 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The female prostate (paraurethral glands) is a well-known, yet poorly understood, anatomic structure. Imaging studies of the female prostate, its physiology, and pathologies are still highly controversial.

Aim
To study the anatomy of the female prostate with contemporary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques and correlate these findings to clinical features.

Main Outcome Measures
Female prostate pathologic anatomy on MRI.

Methods
Women with clinical signs of function (or dysfunction) of paraurethral glands have been examined with 1.5 or 3 Tesla MRI and urethroscopy.

Results
Seven women aged 17 to 62 years (median 40 years) have been prospectively included into the study. Clinically, one of the seven women reported ejaculation at orgasm, whereas three women presented with occasional secretions independent of sexual stimulation. In two women, paraurethral glands have been randomly found on MRI that has been performed in the diagnostic workup of other diseases. One woman presented with swelling of the external urethral meatus at puberty. In this woman, a paraurethral gland has been found, besides the erectile tissue at the external meatus. Two women reported lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) with mainly urethral symptoms (recurrent infections in one and paraurethral stones in the other). On MRI, paraurethral glands could be visualized in six of the seven patients. There was no relation between glandular volume and ejaculation status. In cases where glands or related pathologies could be found on physical examination, there was a clear correlation with MRI anatomy.

Conclusions
MRI has the potential to become the standard imaging modality for female prostate pathology. Exact visualization of this highly variable structure is possible by tailored MRI protocols. This tool can aid in understanding an individual woman’s symptoms related to paraurethral glands with an impact on her sexual life.
A novel hemoglobin variant beta135(H13) Ala > Asp identified in an asymptomatic Korean family by direct sequencing: suggesting a new insight into Hb Beckman mutation
Authors: KIM S. Y. , KIM G. Y. J. , JO S. A. , LEE E. H. , CHO E. H. , HWANG S. H. , LEE E. Y. 
Published: April 2009

SummaryThis article describes the clinical observation of a novel hemoglobin (Hb) variant found during the course of routine blood testing on a 61‐year‐old subject. The Hb variant was observed during HbA1c testing by ion‐exchange high‐performance liquid chromatography. Alkaline electrophoresis and DNA sequencing confirmed the presence of a new Hb variant, HBB:c.407C > A (p.Ala136Asp). This mutation has been reported to induce Hb Beckman variant in the Globin Gene Server. However, it was different from the only experimental report for Hb Beckman by Rahbar, Lee & Asmeron (p.Ala136Glu; Hb Beckman alpha2 beta2 135(H13) ala‐to‐glu: a new unstable variant and reduced oxygen affinity. Blood 78, 204a). And our case was asymptomatic with normal lab findings, while Rahbar et al.’s case showed the clinical manifestations of chronic anemia. This would be a report for a novel Hb variant suggesting new insight of Hb Beckman variant. This would be a report of a novel Hb variant suggesting new insights into Hb Beckman variant.
Developing microbe–plant interactions for applications in plant‐growth promotion and disease control, production of useful compounds, remediation and carbon sequestration
Authors: Wu Cindy H. , Bernard Stéphanie M. , Andersen Gary L. , Chen Wilfred 
Published: April 2009

SummaryInteractions between plants and microbes are an integral part of our terrestrial ecosystem. Microbe–plant interactions are being applied in many areas. In this review, we present recent reports of applications in the areas of plant‐growth promotion, biocontrol, bioactive compound and biomaterial production, remediation and carbon sequestration. Challenges, limitations and future outlook for each field are discussed.
Isolation and evaluation of 18 microsatellite markers in Siniperca chuatsi (Basilewsky)
Authors: KUANG GANGQIAO , LU SHUANGQING , ZHENG SHUMING , WU QING 
Published: April 2009

AbstractEighteen novel microsatellite markers were isolated in the Chinese perch Siniperca chuatsi (Basilewsky) using the FIASCO method, from (AC/TG)n, (AG/TC)n, (AT/TA)n, (GATA/CTAT)n and (GATT/CTAA)n repeat genomic libraries. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to eight in a sample of 30 individuals from a wild population. Observed heterozygosity was between 0.100 and 0.737. Seven loci showed significant deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, null alleles were suggested at nine loci but no linkage disequilibrium between loci was detected. These loci could be useful in the population genetic study of S. chuatsi.
Incidence of redetachment 6 months after scleral buckling surgery
Authors: Goezinne Fleur , La Heij Ellen C. , Berendschot Tos T. J. M. , Kessels Alfons G. H. , Liem Albert T. A. , Diederen Roselie M. H. , Hendrikse Fred 
Published: April 2009

Abstract.Purpose:  The preoperative and intraoperative clinical variables associated with redetachment and/or a poor visual outcome following scleral buckling (SB) surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) have mainly been studied after a short follow‐up. This study aimed to analyse long‐term effects by following patients for at least 6 months.Methods:  In a retrospective survey we evaluated the data of 436 eyes that underwent SB surgery. Postoperative data were collected at 3‐month intervals.Results:  After a mean follow‐up period of 51 months, anatomic reattachment was achieved in 76% after one SB procedure, with a final reattachment rate of 97% after additional vitreoretinal procedures. In total, 104 eyes developed redetachment during follow‐up. After more than 6 and 12 months of follow‐up, 32 eyes (7%) and 20 eyes (5%), respectively, developed redetachment. Multivariate regression analysis showed that recurrent redetachment and more than 7 days of visual field loss were significant predictors for a poor postoperative visual outcome at 12 months. A cumulative size of the tear of more than three disc diameters was a significant predictor of recurrent RRD.Conclusion:  Conventional SB surgery is a reliable procedure in a selected group of eyes with primary RRD. However, in eyes with a retinal tear with a cumulative size of more than three disc diameters, a primary vitrectomy should be considered. Taking into account that 7% of eyes developed redetachment after 6 months, a longer follow‐up period seems necessary to evaluate the anatomical and visual outcomes after SB surgery.
Mitomycin‐C‐augmented deep sclerectomy in patients with primary open‐angle glaucoma and exfoliation glaucoma: a 1‐year prospective study
Authors: Ollikainen Minna , Puustjärvi Tuomo , Rekonen Petri , Uusitalo Hannu , Teräsvirta Markku 
Published: April 2009

ABSTRACT.Purpose:  To investigate the efficacy and safety of mitomycin C (MMC)‐augmented deep sclerectomy with implant (DSCI) in patients with primary open‐angle glaucoma (POAG) and exfoliation glaucoma (ExG).Methods:  A total of 68 eyes of 68 patients with POAG and ExG were enrolled consecutively to undergo DSCI with MMC (0.4 mg/ml for 2 min). The intraocular pressure (IOP), number of antiglaucoma medications, neodymium:yttrium‐aluminum‐garnet (Nd:YAG) laser goniopunctures and complications were compared postoperatively. Surgery was considered as a complete success when IOP was < 18 mmHg without antiglaucoma medication.Results:  Preoperatively, the mean IOPs were 23.1 ± 5.8 and 25.4 ± 8.3 mmHg, and 13.8 ± 6.1 and 11.2 ± 5.6 mmHg in the POAG and ExG groups, respectively, at 12 months. 77.4% and 75.7% of surgeries were a complete success in the POAG and ExG groups, respectively [not significant (NS)]. Five patients (16.1%) in the POAG group but none in the ExG group (0%) were receiving antiglaucoma medication at 12 months (NS). Nd:YAG laser goniopuncture was performed in 29.0% of eyes in the POAG group and in 55.6% of eyes in the ExG group (p = 0.047). Postoperatively, choroidal detachment occurred in 16.1% of eyes in the POAG group and in 10.8% of eyes in the ExG group (NS). We encountered no serious complications related to MMC use.Conclusion:  DS with MMC augmentation appears to be equally effective in ExG and POAG patients in lowering IOP to target levels, at least in the short term, with few immediate postoperative complications.