bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential expression of microRNAs in GH-secreting pituitary adenomas
Authors: Mao Zhi-Gang , He Dong-Sheng , Zhou Jing , Yao Bin , Xiao Wei-Wei , Chen Chun-Hua , Zhu Yong-Hong , Wang Hai-Jun 
Published: December 2010

Abstract

Background
The purpose of this study was to (1) identify specific miRNAs in growth hormones (GH)-secreting pituitary adenomas; (2) determine the relationship between the expression of these miRNAs and tumor size, somatostatin analogs treatment, and responsiveness to somatostatin analogs (SSA).

Methods
Fifteen GH-secreting adenomas patients were treated with lanreotide for 4 months before surgery. Patients with 50% reduction of GH secretion by lanreotide were considered as SSA responders, while patients with less than 50% of GH reduction were considered as SSA nonresponders. We analyzed the miRNAs in 21 GH-secreting pituitary adenomas and 6 normal pituitaries by miRCURY™ LNA array and some differentially expressed miRNAs were validated by quantitative real-time PCR.

Results
Fifty-two miRNAs were differentially expressed between GH-secreting pituitary adenomas and normal pituitaries. Differential expression of 9 miRNAs was observed between micro- and macro-adenomas. Thirteen miRNAs were differentially expressed between tumor samples from lanreotide-treated patients and those from lanreotide-untreated patients. Seven miRNAs were differentially expressed between SSA responders or GH nonresponders. Several identified miRNAs may be involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, cancer development and progression.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that altered miRNAs expression is involved in GH-secreting pituitary adenomas transformation, which will shed light on the mechanisms for the treatment of acromegaly by SSA. Identification and characterization of the targets of altered miRNAs genes may elucidate molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of pituitary adenoma.
HCMV pUS28 initiates pro-migratory signaling via activation of Pyk2 kinase
Authors: Vomaske Jennifer , Varnum Susan , Melnychuk Ryan , Smith Patricia , Pasa-Tolic Ljiljana , Shutthanandan Janani I , Streblow Daniel N 
Published: December 2010

Abstract

Background
Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has been implicated in the acceleration of vascular disease and chronic allograft rejection. Recently, the virus has been associated with glioblastoma and other tumors. We have previously shown that the HCMV-encoded chemokine receptor pUS28 mediates smooth muscle cell (SMC) and macrophage motility and this activity has been implicated in the acceleration of vascular disease. pUS28 induced SMC migration involves the activation of the protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) Src and Focal adhesion kinase as well as the small GTPase RhoA. The PTK Pyk2 has been shown to play a role in cellular migration and formation of cancer, especially glioblastoma. The role of Pyk2 in pUS28 signaling and migration are unknown.

Methods
In the current study, we examined the involvement of the PTK Pyk2 in pUS28-induced cellular motility. We utilized in vitro migration of SMC to determine the requirements for Pyk2 in pUS28 pro-migratory signaling. We performed biochemical analysis of Pyk2 signaling in response to pUS28 activation to determine the mechanisms involved in pUS28 migration. We performed mass spectrometric analysis of Pyk2 complexes to identify novel Pyk2 binding partners.

Results
Expression of a mutant form of Pyk2 lacking the autophosphorylation site (Tyr-402) blocks pUS28-mediated SMC migration in response to CCL5, while the kinase-inactive Pyk2 mutant failed to elicit the same negative effect on migration. pUS28 stimulation with CCL5 results in ligand-dependent and calcium-dependent phosphorylation of Pyk2 Tyr-402 and induced the formation of an active Pyk2 kinase complex containing several novel Pyk2 binding proteins. Expression of the autophosphorylation null mutant Pyk2 F402Y did not abrogate the formation of an active Pyk2 kinase complex, but instead prevented pUS28-mediated activation of RhoA. Additionally, pUS28 activated RhoA via Pyk2 in the U373 glioblastoma cells. Interestingly, the Pyk2 kinase complex in U373 contained several proteins known to participate in glioma tumorigenesis.

Conclusions
These findings represent the first demonstration that pUS28 signals through Pyk2 and that this PTK participates in pUS28-mediated cellular motility via activation of RhoA. Furthermore, these results provide a potential mechanistic link between HCMV-pUS28 and glioblastoma cell activation.
Analysis of the Role of Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation in Infants With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in First Remission and MLL Gene Rearrangements: A Report From the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Dreyer ZoAnn E. , Dinndorf Patricia A. , Camitta Bruce , Sather Harland , La Mei K. , Devidas Meenakshi , Hilden Joanne M. , Heerema Nyla A. , Sanders Jean E. , McGlennen Ron , Willman Cheryl L. , Carroll Andrew J. , Behm Fred , Smith Franklin O. , Woods William G. , Godder Kamar , Reaman Gregory H. 
Published: December 2010

Purpose Although the majority of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are cured with current therapy, the event-free survival (EFS) of infants with ALL, particularly those with mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene rearrangements, is only 30% to 40%. Relapse has been the major source of treatment failure for these patients. The parallel Children's Cancer Group (CCG) 1953 and Pediatric Oncology Group (POG) 9407 studies were designed to test the hypothesis that more intensive therapy, including dose intensification of chemotherapy, and hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) would improve the outcome for this group of patients. Patients and Methods One hundred eighty-nine infants (CCG 1953, n = 115; POG 9407, n = 74) were enrolled between October 1996 and August 2000. For infants with the MLL gene rearrangement and an appropriate donor, HSCT was the preferred treatment on CCG 1953 and investigator option on POG 9407 after completion of the second phase of therapy. Fifty-three infants underwent HSCT. Results The 5-year EFS rate was 48.8% (95% CI, 33.9% to 63.7%) in patients who received HSCT and 48.7% (95% CI, 33.8% to 63.6%) in patients treated with chemotherapy alone (P = .60). Transplantation outcomes were not affected by the preparatory regimen or donor source. Conclusion Our data suggest that routine use of HSCT for infants with MLL-rearranged ALL is not indicated. However, limited by small numbers, this study should not be considered the definitive answer to this question.
Brachytherapy for Accelerated Partial-Breast Irradiation: A Rapidly Emerging Technology in Breast Cancer Care
Authors: Smith Grace L. , Xu Ying , Buchholz Thomas A. , Smith Benjamin D. , Giordano Sharon H. , Haffty Bruce G. , Vicini Frank A. , White Julia R. , Arthur Douglas W. , Harris Jay R. , Shih Ya-Chen T. 
Published: December 2010

Purpose Brachytherapy is a method for delivering partial-breast irradiation after breast-conserving surgery (BCS). It is currently used in the community setting, although its efficacy has yet to be validated in prospective comparative trials. Frequency and factors influencing use have not been previously identified. Methods In a nationwide database of 6,882 Medicare beneficiaries (age ≥ 65 years) with private supplemental insurance (MarketScan Medicare Supplemental), claims codes identified patients treated with brachytherapy versus external-beam radiation after BCS for incident breast cancer (diagnosed from 2001 to 2006). Logistic regression modeled predictors of brachytherapy use. Results Frequency of brachytherapy use as an alternative to external-beam radiation after BCS increased over time (< 1% in 2001, 2% in 2002, 3% in 2003, 5% in 2004, 8% in 2005, 10% in 2006; P < .001). Increased use correlated temporally with US Food and Drug Administration approval and Medicare reimbursement of brachytherapy technology. Brachytherapy use was more likely in women with lymph node–negative disease (odds ratio [OR], 2.19; 95% CI, 1.17 to 4.11) or axillary surgery (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.23 to 2.44). Brachytherapy use was also more likely in women with non–health maintenance organization insurance (OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.24 to 2.64) and in areas with higher median income (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.05 to 2.38), lower density of radiation oncologists (OR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.11 to 2.86), or higher density of surgeons (OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.07 to 2.31). Conclusion Despite ongoing questions regarding efficacy, breast brachytherapy was rapidly incorporated into the care of older, insured patients. In our era of frequently emerging novel technologies yet growing demands to optimize costs and outcomes, results provide insight into how clinical, policy, and socioeconomic factors influence new technology diffusion into conventional care.
Reporting of Serious Adverse Drug Reactions of Targeted Anticancer Agents in Pivotal Phase III Clinical Trials
Authors: Seruga Bostjan , Sterling Lynn , Wang Lisa , Tannock Ian F. 
Published: December 2010

Purpose Oncologists prescribe anticancer drugs based on results of phase III randomized clinical trials (RCTs), but some safety concerns appear only later in updated drug labels. Here, we analyze adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of targeted anticancer agents from updated drug labels and their reporting in corresponding pivotal RCTs. Methods We searched the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Web site for approved targeted anticancer drugs with updates of their labels related to safety in 2008 and 2009 and at least one RCT referenced in the updated drug label. For each drug, serious ADRs, including potentially fatal ADRs, were identified from the updated label. Published reports of RCTs referenced in the label were searched to determine whether they described these ADRs. Results We identified 12 eligible targeted anticancer agents with 36 corresponding RCTs referenced in updated drug labels. There were 76 serious ADRs reported in updated drug labels, and 50% (n = 38) were potentially fatal. Of these, 39% (n = 30) of all serious ADRs and 39% (n = 15) of potentially fatal ADRs were not described in any published report of RCTs, whereas 49% and 58%, respectively, were not described in initial drug labels. After a median 4.3 years between initial approval and update of drug labels, 42% (n = 5) of targeted cancer agents acquired one or more boxed warnings (the highest level of FDA alert). Conclusion Published reports of pivotal RCTs and initial drug labels contain limited information about serious ADRs of targeted anticancer agents. Rare but serious ADRs may be important causes of morbidity and mortality in general oncologic practice.
Some everybodies design and non-dualist filmic experience
Authors: Tremlett Sarah 
Published: December 2010

During a showing of the video Some Everybodies, which observes tourist behaviour at a non-tourist site in Bath, the work will be discussed as evolving through non-dualist processes of film-making (enabled through new technology), whilst also attempting to create a non-dualist
filmic experience for the spectator.
Shot with a fixed-frame camera at a corner scene (which is the site of a minor accident), the film does not possess a traditional narrative structure or design, and has been described as a moving painting. There is no central character (people are viewed
more as moving bodies), and the momentum (rather than linear progression of scenes) has been made entirely in the editing suite, rather than on-site through a directorial eye.
Dialogue from the site has been included as a multivalent communal poem that scrolls as subtitles beneath the images.
Here the traditional understanding of subtitles is, once again, questioned, and they no longer exist as semiotic colonizers of othered national experiences, but evolve as asides from the passers-by themselves.
Time-as-intervention will be discussed through the bleached colouration of the
pictorial image, reminiscent of old postcards. This visual sense of well-worn familiarity is juxtaposed against a soundtrack that has been slowed down, creating primal groans and utterances. The significance of still-images within film-making will be explored, as the narrative freezes whilst
the tourists themselves freeze, or snap, their own narratives. These mementos are also included on postcards and posters as part of a larger installation.
The walk-through, yet high-walled cross design of the installation creates corners (said to be the places where people meet), and optimal
viewing points a tourist leit-motif. The site is designed to illustrate the dislocation of time and place, where images of the video site (as posters and postcards) are seen before the video itself. Reference will be made to film-maker Joseph Robakowski, artist Barbara Kruger, the scientist
Dirk Helbing (with particular reference to dynamical flow and pilgrim crowd behaviour at Mecca) and film theorist and film-maker Professor Laura Mulvey.
A novel mutation of the primary protein kinase C phosphorylation site in the calcium-sensing receptor causes autosomal dominant hypocalcemia
Authors: Lazarus Syndia , Pretorius Carel J , Khafagi Frederick , Campion Katherine L , Brennan Sarah C , Conigrave Arthur D , Brown Edward M , Ward Donald T 
Published: December 2010

ObjectiveThe calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) is a key controller of calcium homeostasis by regulating parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion and renal calcium reabsorption. CASRT888 is a protein kinase C (PKC) phosphorylation site in the receptor's intracellular domain that has previously been identified as a critical negative regulator of CASR downstream signaling in vitro, but whose importance in vivo is unknown.Case reportThe proband presented with mild symptomatic hypocalcemia following treatment for nephrotic syndrome due to minimal change glomerulonephropathy. Laboratory tests revealed inappropriately normal PTH concentrations and relative hypercalciuria typical of autosomal dominant hypocalcemia. His asymptomatic father had similar laboratory test results.Design and methodsThe CASR gene was sequenced. To investigate the molecular consequences of CASRT888M mutation, site-directed mutagenesis was used to modify the wild-type (wt)-CASR gene, with the resulting mutant being transfected transiently into HEK-293 cells.ResultsA novel CASR missense mutation, T888M, was identified in both cases. The CASRT888M mutant exhibited enhanced sensitivity to extracellular calcium concentration, both for intracellular calcium (Ca2+i) mobilization and for ERK phosphorylation, despite having unaltered levels of cell surface expression. Furthermore, CASRT888M elicited sustained Ca2+i mobilization rather than high frequency Ca2+i oscillations, and, unlike the wt-CASR, the response was resistant to acute inhibition by the PKC activator, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.ConclusionsThe clinical and functional data provide the first genotype–phenotype correlation for a mutation at T888, indicating its critical physiological importance in CASR signaling. Thus, CASRT888 represents a functionally important, inhibitory phosphorylation site that contributes to the control of PTH secretion.
Comparing the Tuberculin Skin Test and T-SPOT.TB Blood Test in Children
Authors: Cruz Andrea T. , Geltemeyer Abby M. , Starke Jeffrey R. , Flores Jaime A. , Graviss Edward A. , Smith Kim C. 
Published: December 2010

BACKGROUND:
Interferon-γ–release assays (IGRAs) have been developed for the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection, but few data are available for children. There currently is no reference standard for the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection.

OBJECTIVE:
To compare the performance of 1 IGRA, the T-SPOT.TB assay with the tuberculin skin test (TST) in children with different epidemiologic risk factors for tuberculosis.

METHODS:
We conducted a prospective study of 210 patients referred to 3 pediatric tuberculosis clinics, including those with no risk factors for tuberculosis (low risk, n = 27), risk factors but no identifiable source case (intermediate risk, n = 78), contact with a known source case (high risk, n = 74), and active disease (n = 31). Children were tested with TST and T-SPOT.TB. Concordance analyses were performed, and assay outcomes were modeled by multivariate logistic regression.

RESULTS:
For 13 children with culture-confirmed tuberculosis disease, sensitivity of TST and T-SPOT.TB was 77% and 92%, respectively, and concordance was 69%. For high-risk children, concordance was 94% for BCG-unimmunized children and 88% for BCG-immunized children. For intermediate-risk children, concordance was 74% for BCG-unimmunized children and 33% for BCG-immunized children. For low-risk children, concordance was 74% for BCG-unimmunized children and 20% for BCG-immunized children. Multivariate analysis revealed that contact with a source case was associated with T-SPOT.TB result, but age and BCG immunization were not.

CONCLUSIONS:
T-SPOT.TB is comparable to the TST in the diagnosis of tuberculosis disease and identification of high-risk children with tuberculosis infection and is more specific than the TST in children who have received the BCG vaccine.
Serum Cytokine Levels in Periodontitis Patients in Relation to the Bacterial Load
Authors: Andrukhov Oleh , Ulm Christian , Reischl Helga , Nguyen Phuong Quyhn , Matejka Michael , Rausch‐Fan Xiaohui 
Published: December 2010

Background: Periodontitis is a local inflammatory disease that also has some systemic effects. We investigated the levels of interferon (IFN)‐γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, and interleukin (IL)‐2, ‐4, ‐5, and ‐10 in the serum of patients with periodontitis in relation to the bacterial load in the dental plaques.Methods: Serum cytokine levels in patients with generalized periodontitis and healthy control groups were determined using the cytometric bead array kit. Bacterial load in the dental plaque was determined semiquantitatively by real‐time polymerase chain reaction. The proportions of different lymphocyte subsets were determined in the peripheral blood of patients with periodontitis by flow cytometry. Finally, relationships between the bacterial load in the subgingival plaques of patients with periodontitis and levels of cytokines and counts of lymphocyte subsets were established.Results: Serum levels of IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, and IL‐10 were significantly increased, whereas those of IL‐2 were significantly decreased in patients with periodontitis compared to healthy controls. Increased serum levels of IFN‐γ and TNF‐α in patients with periodontitis were associated with the enhanced dental plaque load with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (previously Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans) and Porphyromonas gingivalis, respectively. Finally, as revealed by analysis of lymphocyte populations, the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans and Trepomena denticola was associated with an increased population of CD3−/CD16+ and CD3+/CD8+ cells, respectively.Conclusion: Certain periodontal pathogens could be associated with an increased level of proinflammatory cytokines in the peripheral blood and thus increased risk of systemic diseases.
Retrograde Peri‐Implantitis: A Case Report Introducing an Approach to Its Management
Authors: Chan Hsun‐Liang , Wang Hom‐Lay , Bashutski Jill D. , Edwards Paul C. , Fu Jia‐Hui , Oh Tae‐Ju 
Published: December 2010

Background: Although several potential etiologic factors associated with retrograde peri‐implantitis (RPI) and potential treatment options have been discussed in the literature, the etiology has not been fully investigated and the definitive management methods remain undefined. We propose a decision‐making protocol for the treatment of RPI and provide new insight into the etiology of this process based on the findings from two clinical cases.Methods: The medical and dental histories of two patients who developed RPI were thoroughly reviewed. Both patients were treated according to the treatment guidelines proposed in this manuscript. Fluid from the lesions was collected to examine the presence of 11 bacterial species by molecular‐based microbial testing. Biopsies were also obtained for histopathologic examination.Results: Patient 1, previously diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus infection, developed RPI 3 months after implant placement. Histopathologic examination revealed a predominantly fibrous connective tissue response with minimal inflammatory infiltrate and bone formation. Patient 2 presented histopathologically with an intense acute inflammatory response. Eikenella corrodens was detected by microbial testing. Three months after surgical intervention, both cases healed uneventfully, and the radiodensity in the lesions significantly increased. The two implants are now functional and free of further complications.Conclusions: The possible role of bacterial infection from an adjacent tooth may be a potential etiologic factor in the development of RPI. In addition, HIV infection may be associated with RPI and deserves further investigation. A decision‐making flowchart was proposed after critically evaluating the currently available relevant literature. Both cases presented in this manuscript were successfully treated by following this protocol.
The feminine and masculine gender role stress — conclusions from Polish studies
Authors: Kazmierczak Maria 
Published: December 2010

The feminine and masculine gender role stress — conclusions from Polish studies
The concept of gender role stress is based on the assumption that some women and men might have problems adapting to the feminine and masculine gender roles imposed on them by society. 1515 people took part in the study to verify feminine and masculine gender role stress models in the Polish population. The studies show that the five-factor feminine and masculine stress models are justified. Men display higher stress connected with "physical inadequacy" than women, whereas women score higher on other subscales associated with feminine and masculine gender role stress. Gender role stress is more connected with femininity. Personality correlates of gender role stress were sought.
Secondary electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy studies of carbon nanotubes in C-Ni films
Authors: Kozłowski Mirosław , Dłużewski Piotr , Kowalska Ewa , Czerwosz Elżbieta 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Carbon nanotubes films have been studied with SEM and TEM. The studied films were obtained using a two step method: PVD process and CVD process. Strongly defected and curled carbon nanotubes containing Ni nanoparticles formed the film with thickness of about 300–400 nm. Observed carbon nanotubes were of lengths from 100 nm to 300 nm and did not stick to each other.
Super fidelity and related metrics
Authors: Chen Zhi-Hua , Ma Zhihao , Zhang Fu-Lin , Chen Jing-Ling 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
We report a new metric of quantum states. This metric is built up from super-fidelity, which has a deep connection with the Uhlmann-Jozsa fidelity and plays an important role in quantum information processing. We find that the new metric possesses some interesting properties.