bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A mixture of oleic, erucic and conjugated linoleic acids modulates cerebrospinal fluid inflammatory markers and improve somatosensorial evoked potential in X‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy female carriers
Authors: Cappa Marco , Bizzarri Carla , Petroni Anna , Carta Gianfranca , Cordeddu Lina , Valeriani Massimiliano , Vollono Catello , De Pasquale Loredana , Blasevich Milena , Banni Sebastiano 
Published: December 2011

AbstractX−linked adrenoleukodystrophy is a rare inherited demyelinating disorder characterized by an abnormal accumulation of very long chain fatty acids, mainly hexacosanoic acid (26:0), due to a mutation of the gene encoding for a peroxisomal membrane protein. The only available, and partially effective, therapeutic treatment consists of dietary intake of a 4:1 mixture of triolein and trierucin, called Lorenzo's oil (LO), targeted to inhibit the elongation of docosanoic acid (22:0) to 26:0. In this study we tested whether, besides inhibiting elongation, an enhancement of peroxisomal beta oxidation induced by conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), will improve somatosensory evoked potentials and modify inflammatory markers in adrenoleukodystrophy females carriers. We enrolled five heterozygous women. They received a mixture of LO (40 g/day) with CLA (5 g/day) for 2 months. The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated by the means of plasma levels of 26:0, 26:0/22:0 ratio, modification of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflammatory markers and somatosensory evoked potentials. Changes of fatty acid profile, and in particular CLA incorporation, were also evaluated in CSF and plasma. The results showed that CLA promptly passes the blood brain barrier and the mixture was able to lower both 26:0 and 26:0/22:0 ratio in plasma. The mixture improved somatosensory evoked potentials, which were previously found unchanged or worsened with dietary LO alone, and reduced IL‐6 levels in CSF in three out of five patients. Our data suggest that the synergic activity of CLA and LO, by enhancing peroxisomal beta‐oxidation and preventing 26:0 formation, improves the somatosensory evoked potentials and reduces neuroinflammation.
The diagnosis and management of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
Authors: Shmorgun Doron , Claman Paul , Gysler Mathias , Hemmings Robert , Cheung Anthony P. , Goodrow Gwendolyn J. , Hughes Edward G. , Min Jason K. , Roberts Jeff , Senikas Vyta , Wong Benjamin Chee‐Man , Young David C. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo review the clinical aspects of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and provide recommendations on its diagnosis and clinical management.OutcomesThese guidelines will assist in the early recognition and management of ovarian hyperstimulation. Early recognition and prompt systematic supportive care will help avert poor outcomes.EvidenceMedline, Embase, and the Cochrane database were searched for relevant articles, using the key words “ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome” and “gonadotropins,” and guidelines created by other professional societies were reviewed.ValuesThe quality of evidence was rated using the criteria described in the Report of the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care. Recommendations for practice were ranked according to the method described in that report (Table 1).
How we relate to brands: Psychological and neurophysiological insights into consumer–brand relationships
Authors: Reimann Martin , Castaño Raquel , Zaichkowsky Judith , Bechara Antoine 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIn three experiments, this research provides new insights into branding by studying the psychological and neurophysiological mechanisms of how consumers relate to their beloved brands. The authors propose that emotional arousal decreases over the brand relationship span, while inclusion of the brand into the self increases over time. Results of experiment 1 indicate greater self‐reported emotional arousal for recently formed brand relationships, as well as decreased emotional arousal and increased inclusion of close brands over time. Additionally, the moderating role of usage frequency of the brand brings out an interesting nuance of the way these effects operate. Experiment 2 measures skin conductance responses and reveals increased emotional arousal for recently formed close relationships but not for established close brand relationships, corroborating the results based on self‐reported data. In experiment 3, a functional magnetic resonance imaging study reveals an association between established close relationships and activation of the insula, a brain area previously found to be a crucial mechanism in diverse but related psychological phenomena such as urging, addiction, loss aversion, and interpersonal love.
Application and Performance of Two Stroke Outcome Prediction Models in a Chinese Population
Authors: Li Wen‐Juan , Gao Zhi‐Yu , He Yang , Liu Guang‐Zhi , Gao Xu‐Guang 
Published: December 2011

ObjectiveTo apply and examine the performance of 2 acute stroke outcome prediction models, the Six Simple Variable Model (SSV model) and the One‐Year Mortality Model (OYM model), in patients in China who had either a cerebral infarction or a cerebral hemorrhage.DesignAn observational study that used both retrospective and prospective study methods.SettingA regional acute care facility in China.ParticipantsTwo hundred and forty‐eight consecutive patients who had an acute stroke who were admitted to the hospital between October 2007 and March 2009.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresSurvival and daily activity independence 6 months after a stroke and 1‐year mortality.ResultsThe study sample had a mean age of 68.6 years (standard deviation, 11.1); 52.8% of the subjects were men, 66.5% had a cerebral infarction, and 33.5% had a cerebral hemorrhage. In the cohort, 107 patients (43.1%) achieved daily activity independence at 6‐month follow‐up, and 52 patients (21.0%) had died within 1 year. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was 0.966 (0.935‐0.998) for patients who had a cerebral infarction and 0.859 (0.766‐0.952) for patients who had a cerebral hemorrhage in the prediction of 6‐month survival and daily activity independence with use of the SSV model. The area under the ROC curve was 0.894 (0.846‐0.965) for patients who had a cerebral infarction and 0.937 (0.904‐0.988) for patients who had a cerebral hemorrhage in the prediction of 1‐year mortality when the OYM model was used.ConclusionsBoth the SSV and OYM prognostic models can be used for function and mortality outcome prediction for patients in China who have had a stroke. Variation existed in the precision of prediction between patients who had a cerebral infarction and those who had a cerebral hemorrhage. Other potential factors influencing functional recovery and mortality after stroke must be considered in outcome prediction.
Real-time sentence processing in children with specific language impairment: The contribution of lexicosemantic, syntactic, and world-knowledge information
Authors: PIZZIOLI FABRIZIO , SCHELSTRAETE MARIE-ANNE 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTThe present study investigated how lexicosemantic information, syntactic information, and world knowledge are integrated in the course of oral sentence processing in children with specific language impairment (SLI) as compared to children with typical language development. A primed lexical-decision task was used where participants had to make a lexical decision on the last word of a sentence. Thirty-nine children were tested: 13 children with SLI, 13 younger children matched on receptive vocabulary, and 13 age-matched children. We manipulated (a) the semantic fit between the target and the prime sentence, (b) the syntactic structure of the prime (syntactic vs. asyntactic), and (c) the lexical association between the target word and the prime. Despite being slower overall, children with SLI showed a significant priming effect. Syntactic information had a similar impact on thematic integration in control children and children with SLI, although the latter were more sensitive to lexicosemantic association and world knowledge than control groups. In addition, children with SLI appeared to use semantic information even when the sentence was asyntactic. The results suggest thematic integration problems in SLI: syntactic and semantic information contribute independently to the thematic structure but are not integrated to generate the emerging higher order representation.
Stimulus variability and perceptual learning of nonnative vowel categories
Authors: BROSSEAU-LAPRÉ FRANÇOISE , RVACHEW SUSAN , CLAYARDS MEGHAN , DICKSON DANIEL 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTEnglish-speakers' learning of a French vowel contrast (/ə/–/ø/) was examined under six different stimulus conditions in which contrastive and noncontrastive stimulus dimensions were varied orthogonally to each other. The distribution of contrastive cues was varied across training conditions to create single prototype, variable far (from the category boundary), and variable close (to the boundary) conditions, each in a single talker or a multiple talker version. The control condition involved identification of gender appropriate grammatical elements. Pre- and posttraining measures of vowel perception and production were obtained from each participant. When assessing pre- to posttraining changes in the slope of the identification functions, statistically significant training effects were observed in the multiple voice far and multiple voice close conditions.
The Power of Sample Return Missions - Stardust and Hayabusa
Authors: Sandford Scott A. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractSample return missions offer opportunities to learn things about other objects in our Solar System (and beyond) that cannot be determined by observations using in situ spacecraft. This is largely because the returned samples can be studied in terrestrial laboratories where the analyses are not limited by the constraints - power, mass, time, precision, etc. - imposed by normal spacecraft operations. In addition, the returned samples serve as a scientific resource that is available far into the future; the study of the samples can continue long after the original spacecraft mission is finished. This means the samples can be continually revisited as both our scientific understanding and analytical techniques improve with time.These advantages come with some additional difficulties, however. In particular, sample return missions must deal with the additional difficulties of proximity operations near the objects they are to sample, and they must be capable of successfully making a round trip between the Earth and the sampled object. Such missions therefore need to take special precautions against unique hazards and be designed to successfully complete relatively extended mission durations.Despite these difficulties, several recent missions have managed to successfully complete sample returns from a number of Solar System objects. These include the Stardust mission (samples from Comet 81P/Wild 2), the Hayabusa mission (samples from asteroid 25143 Itokawa), and the Genesis mission (samples of solar wind). This paper will review the advantages and difficulties of sample return missions in general and will summarize some key findings of the recent Stardust and Hayabusa missions.
Observations of Molecules in High Redshift Galaxies
Authors: Knudsen Kirsten Kraiberg 
Published: December 2011

AbstractI present an overview of the molecular gas observations in high redshift galaxies. This field has seen tremendous progress in the past few years, with an increased number of detections of other molecules than CO. The molecular line observations are done towards different classes of massive starbursts, including submillimeter galaxies, quasars, and massive gas-rich disks. I will highlight results of detections of HCN, HCO+, and other small molecules, as well as the Spitzer detections of PAHs. Additionally, I will discuss about the excitation of CO and other species in the high-z galaxies and put this in the context of new telescopes such as ALMA.
Extragalactic Line Surveys
Authors: Martín Sergio 
Published: December 2011

Abstract40 years have passed since the first molecular detection outside our Galaxy. Since then, our knowledge on the distribution, kinematics and composition of the molecular material in the extragalactic ISM has built up significantly based not only on the carbon monoxide observations but also in the more than 50 molecular species detected. In particular, line surveys have been proven to be excellent tools to study the chemical composition in the nuclei of galaxies. Such studies have been favored by the increasing instantaneous bandwidth of current mm and sub-mm facilities. Here I will summarize the highlights of extragalactic molecular spectroscopy, mostly focusing in the results from molecular line surveys published in the last few years as well as the aims of still ongoing projects.
How Can We Use Complete Experimental Catalogs in the Complex Spectra Limit?
Authors: De Lucia Frank C. , Fortman Sarah M. , Medvedev Ivan R. , Neese Christopher F. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThere is a broad consensus that many, if not most, of the unidentified spectral lines in astrophysical spectra are due to transitions in excited vibrational states of a relatively small number of molecules, the astrophysical weeds. For these unidentified lines, it is somewhat less well understood that the spectroscopic effort required to characterize them in the traditional quantum mechanical catalog approach is substantially larger because of significant perturbations. We have previously discussed a new experimental approach that addresses this challenge. This approach is based on the analysis of many complete, intensity-calibrated spectra taken over a range of temperatures. However, the spectroscopic completeness of this approach results in a much larger database. These data can be transfer to the astrophysical community in a variety of ways, but because an order of magnitude larger number of lines is included, consideration must be given to implementation strategies.
Europa's icy bright plains and dark linea: Exogenic and endogenic contributions to composition and surface properties
Authors: Dalton J. B. , Shirley J. H. , Kamp L. W. 
Published: December 2011

We compare linear spectral modeling solutions yielding surface abundance estimates and water ice grain size information from low‐noise Galileo Near‐Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS) observations for three widely spaced locations on Europa. Bright equatorial plains on the orbital leading side are dominated by fine‐grained (∼50–75 μm) water ice (>80 wt%). This area shows a low abundance of hydrated salts and statistically insignificant amounts of hydrated sulfuric acid. A midlatitude northern hemisphere location on the trailing side exhibits strikingly different surface composition and properties for similar terrain. The modeled abundance of hydrated sulfuric acid exceeds 40% here; large‐grained water ice (∼250 μm diameter) dominates the ice grain size distribution. A third location at high southern latitudes on the leading side exhibits high abundances of water ice (>67%) and no detectable sulfuric acid hydrate. Water ice grain sizes here are intermediate between those of the other locations, at 75–100 μm. We resolve compositional differences between the darkest materials (at visible wavelengths) and the most hydrated materials (as evidenced by the distortion of water ice absorption bands) on Europa's leading side. Distinctive water ice grain size distributions are associated with visibly dark materials in all three locations. Our results help distinguish between exogenic and endogenic influences on Europa's present‐day surface composition. The results are consistent with migration and redeposition of sputtered water ice molecules from trailing to leading side locations.
Regulation and function of the RSK family of protein kinases
Authors: Romeo Yves , Zhang Xiaocui , Roux Philippe P. 
Published: December 2011

The RSK (90 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase) family comprises a group of highly related serine/threonine kinases that regulate diverse cellular processes, including cell growth, proliferation, survival and motility. This family includes four vertebrate isoforms (RSK1, RSK2, RSK3 and RSK4), and single family member orthologues are also present in Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans. The RSK isoforms are downstream effectors of the Ras/ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase) signalling pathway. Significant advances in the field of RSK signalling have occurred in the past few years, including several new functions ascribed to the RSK isoforms, the discovery of novel protein substrates and the implication of different RSK isoforms in cancer. Collectively, these new findings increase the diversity of biological functions regulated by RSK, and highlight potential new directions of research. In the present paper, we review the structure, expression and activation mechanisms of the RSK isoforms, and discuss their physiological roles on the basis of established substrates and recent discoveries.
Effective Therapy of Insulinoma by Using Long-Acting Somatostatin Analogue. A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Jawiarczyk A. , Bolanowski M. , Syrycka J. , Bednarek-Tupikowska G. , Kałużny M. , Kołodziejczyk A. , Domosławski P. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractWe are reporting a case of 68-year-old woman with insulinoma, after a non-successful tumor surgery and a long-term diazoxide treatment. She had a lot of hypoglycemia cases, and a weight gain of 50 kg. An abdominal CT scan demonstrated a tumor 28 mm in the diameter, in the head of the pancreas. The patient did not agree for the repeated insulinoma surgery. Furthermore, we found a lesion in the left adrenal gland (14 mm in the diameter) and in the right lung (8 mm in the diameter). Pheochromocytoma was diagnosed on the basis of hypertension, elevated levels of normetanephrine in the 24-h urine collection, and an elevated level of norepinephrine in a plasma sample. After the left adrenal gland removal we observed lower blood pressure. Since we had revealed the presence of somatostatin receptors by the somatostatin receptors scintigraphy, we decided to control hypoglycemia by a monthly subcutaneous administration of the long-acting lanreotide. Because of higher glucose levels (300–400 mg/dl) we started an intense insulin therapy. Nowadays, the patient feels better, she has lost 20 kg of her body weight, and we have observed normal blood glucose levels during the long-term lanreotide treatment. We have noticed neither side effects nor hypoglycemic episodes and we have reduced the dose of insulin. The presented case can be an evidence of the effective treatment of the pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor of insulinoma type, with somatostatin analogue.
Diabetes Mellitus and Incidence and Mortality of Gastric Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tian T. , Zhang L. , Ma X. , Zhou J. , Shen J. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractEpidemiologic studies have examined the possible associations between diabetes mellitus (DM) and gastric cancer (GC), but the results are inconclusive. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the evidence regarding the associations between diabetes and incidences of, or mortality from, gastric cancer.PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched up to Oct 20, 2011. We identified studies that included effects estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the associations between GC and diabetes. Summary RRs for the GC incidence and mortality were calculated using random-effects model; subgroup analyses were also performed. Heterogeneity among studies was examined using Q and I2 statistics.A total of 7 case-control and 18 cohort studies met the inclusion criteria. The summary RR showed a slightly statistical link between history of DM and GC incidence (RR=1.11, 95% CI: 1.00–1.24, p=0.045, I2=79.5%). In the subgroup analyses, a positive association was noted among the studies conducted in Asia (summary RR=1.19, 95% CI: 1.07–1.32, I2=29.8%). Additionally, slight associations between DM and GC were observed by pooling the data of type 2 DM, cohort studies and the studies controlling more confounders, respectively. Furthermore, mortality from GC with diabetes was increased compared with individuals without diabetes (summary RR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.04–1.59). No publication bias was found.Individuals with diabetes have an increased risk of developing gastric cancer, and are positively associated with gastric cancer mortality. Large better-designed cohort studies are needed to verify this conclusion.
The Nature of the Light Variation of the Unique Binary DK CVn
Authors: Dal H. A. , Sipahi E. , Özdarcan O. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractWe present BVR observations of DK CVn from 2007 and 2008. We analysed the BVR light curves of the system and obtained the system's parameters. Using the ‘q-search’ method, we measured the mass ratio of the system (q) as 0.55. Taking the temperature of the primary component as 4040 K, the temperature of the secondary was found to be 3123 K. Several flares were detected, and the distributions of flare equivalent duration versus flare total duration were modelled using the One-Phase Exponential Association Function for these flares. The parameters of the model demonstrated that the flares are the same as those detected from UV Ceti stars. We also demonstrate that the variation at out-of-eclipse must be caused by some cool spot(s) on one of the components. The star is found to show two active longitudes in which the spots are mainly formed. Consequently, this study reveals that DK CVn should be a chromospherically active binary star.
Systems Analysis of a Maize Leaf Developmental Gradient Redefines the Current C4 Model and Provides Candidates for Regulation
Authors: Pick Thea R. , Bräutigam Andrea , Schlüter Urte , Denton Alisandra K. , Colmsee Christian , Scholz Uwe , Fahnenstich Holger , Pieruschka Roland , Rascher Uwe , Sonnewald Uwe , Weber Andreas P.M. 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
We systematically analyzed a developmental gradient of the third maize (Zea mays) leaf from the point of emergence into the light to the tip in 10 continuous leaf slices to study organ development and physiological and biochemical functions. Transcriptome analysis, oxygen sensitivity of photosynthesis, and photosynthetic rate measurements showed that the maize leaf undergoes a sink-to-source transition without an intermediate phase of C3 photosynthesis or operation of a photorespiratory carbon pump. Metabolome and transcriptome analysis, chlorophyll and protein measurements, as well as dry weight determination, showed continuous gradients for all analyzed items. The absence of binary on–off switches and regulons pointed to a morphogradient along the leaf as the determining factor of developmental stage. Analysis of transcription factors for differential expression along the leaf gradient defined a list of putative regulators orchestrating the sink-to-source transition and establishment of C4 photosynthesis. Finally, transcriptome and metabolome analysis, as well as enzyme activity measurements, and absolute quantification of selected metabolites revised the current model of maize C4 photosynthesis. All data sets are included within the publication to serve as a resource for maize leaf systems biology.