bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recommendations for defining giant cell arteritis fast-track clinics. English version
Authors: Schmidt Wolfgang A. , Czihal Michael , Gernert Michael , Hartung Wolfgang , Hellmich Bernhard , Ohrndorf Sarah , Riemekasten Gabriela , Schäfer Valentin S. , Strunk Johannes , Venhoff Nils 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA German expert committee recommends defining fast-track clinics (FTC) for the acute diagnosis of giant cell arteritis (GCA) as follows: easy and prompt reachability at least on weekdays, scheduling appointments ideally within 24 h, examination by a specialist with GCA expertise, ≥ 2 experts per FTC, ≥ 50 patients with suspected GCA per year, sonologists with ≥ 300 (≥ 50) temporal and axillary artery examinations, adherence to standard operating procedures, availability of an ≥ 18 (≥ 15) MHz and a lower frequency linear ultrasound probe, and collaboration with partners for neurology and ophthalmology consultations, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT, possibly CT), and for temporal artery biopsy.
A Logarithmic Bound for Simultaneous Embeddings of Planar Graphs
Authors: Steiner Raphael 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA set $${\mathcal {G}}$$
G
of planar graphs on the same number n of vertices is called simultaneously embeddable if there exists a set P of n points in the plane such that every graph $$G \in {\mathcal {G}}$$

G
∈
G

admits a (crossing-free) straight-line embedding with vertices placed at points of P. A conflict collection is a set of planar graphs of the same order with no simultaneous embedding. A well-known open problem from 2007 posed by Brass, Cenek, Duncan, Efrat, Erten, Ismailescu, Kobourov, Lubiw and Mitchell, asks whether there exists a conflict collection of size 2. While this remains widely open, we give a short proof that for sufficiently large n there exists a conflict collection consisting of at most $$(3+o(1))\log _2(n)$$

(
3
+
o

(
1
)

)

log
2

(
n
)

planar graphs on n vertices. This constitutes a double-exponential improvement over the previously best known bound of $$O(n\cdot 4^{n/11})$$

O
(
n
·

4

n
/
11

)

for the same problem by Goenka et al. (Graphs Combin 39:100, 2023). Using our method we also provide a computer-free proof that for every integer $$n\in [107,193]$$

n
∈
[
107
,
193
]

there exists a conflict collection of 30 planar n-vertex graphs, improving upon the previously smallest known conflict collection consisting of 49 graphs of order 11, which was found using heavy computer assistance. While the construction by Goenka et al. was explicit, our construction of a conflict collection of size $$O(\log n)$$

O
(
log
n
)

is based on the probabilistic method and is thus only implicit. Motivated by this, for every large enough n we give a different, fully explicit construction of a collection of less than $$n^6$$

n
6

planar n-vertex graphs with no simultaneous embedding.
Can you feel the force just right? Tactile force feedback for training of minimally invasive surgery—evaluation of vibration feedback for adequate force application
Authors: von Bechtolsheim Felix , Bielert Florian , Schmidt Sofia , Buck Nathalie , Bodenstedt Sebastian , Speidel Stefanie , Lüneburg Lisa-Marie , Müller Thomas , Fan Yichen , Bobbe Tina , Oppici Luca , Krzywinski Jens , Dobroschke Jakob , Weitz Jürgen , Distler Marius , Oehme Florian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Tissue handling is a crucial skill for surgeons and is challenging to learn. The aim of this study was to develop laparoscopic instruments with different integrated tactile vibration feedback by varying different tactile modalities and assess its effect on tissue handling skills.

Methods
Standard laparoscopic instruments were equipped with a vibration effector, which was controlled by a microcomputer attached to a force sensor platform. One of three different vibration feedbacks (F1: double vibration > 2 N; F2: increasing vibration relative to force; F3: one vibration > 1.5 N and double vibration > 2 N) was applied to the instruments. In this multicenter crossover trial, surgical novices and expert surgeons performed two laparoscopic tasks (Peg transfer, laparoscopic suture, and knot) each with all the three vibration feedback modalities and once without any feedback, in a randomized order. The primary endpoint was force exertion.

Results
A total of 57 subjects (15 surgeons, 42 surgical novices) were included in the trial. In the Peg transfer task, there were no differences between the tactile feedback modalities in terms of force application. However, in subgroup analysis, the use of F2 resulted in a significantly lower mean-force application (p-value = 0.02) among the student group. In the laparoscopic suture and knot task, all participants exerted significantly lower mean and peak forces using F2 (p-value < 0.01). These findings remained significant after subgroup analysis for both, the student and surgeon groups individually. The condition without tactile feedback led to the highest mean and peak force exertion compared to the three other feedback modalities.

Conclusion
Continuous tactile vibration feedback decreases the mean and peak force applied during laparoscopic training tasks. This effect is more pronounced in demanding tasks such as laparoscopic suturing and knot tying and might be more beneficial for students. Laparoscopic tasks without feedback lead to increased force application.
Family adjustment and resilience after a parental cancer diagnosis
Authors: Perak Katarina , McDonald Fiona E. J. , Conti Janet , Yao Yi Sing , Skrabal Ross Xiomara 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To explore the resources, parents with cancer and their partners draw upon to sustain their family resilience through the cancer experience.

Methods
Fifteen participants who were parents of children aged 8 to 25 years completed phone, audio-recorded, and semi-structured interviews. Of these participants, 11 were parents diagnosed with cancer, and four were partners of a parent diagnosed with cancer. Interview questions aimed to increase understanding about how families communicate, connect, and face challenges from the cancer experience. Interview data was analysed using inductive thematic analysis to provide scope to generate themes from parent’s experiences rather than to test pre-existing frameworks.

Results
The thematic analysis of interview transcripts generated three key themes related to family resilience: (1) adaptability to changes in roles and routines, (2) open communication within the family, and (3) accepting support from others.

Conclusion
This study found that parents’ ability to use personal resources when faced with significant challenges helped to improve the resilience of parents’ family system. Further research is needed to understand the factors that influence family resilience when a parent is diagnosed with cancer. Implications for the development of targeted interventions that provide support to not only the patient, but their whole family system will be discussed.
Development of optimal L-PBF process parameters using an accelerated discrete element simulation framework
Authors: Aarab Marwan , Dorussen Bram J. A. , Poelsma Sandra S. , Remmers Joris J. C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLaser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) has immense potential for the production of complex, lightweight, and high-performance components. The traditional optimization of process parameters is costly and time-intensive, due to reliance on experimental approaches. Current numerical analyses often model single-line scans, while it is necessary to model multiple fully scanned layers to optimize for bulk material quality. Here, we introduce a novel approach utilizing discrete element simulations with a ray tracing-modeled laser heat source. Our approach significantly reduces the cost and time consumption compared to conventional optimization methods. GPU acceleration enables efficient simulation of multiple layers, resulting in parameters optimized for bulk material. In a case study, parameters were optimized for AlSi10Mg in just 5 days, a process that would have taken over 8 months without GPU acceleration. Experimental validation affirms the quality of the optimized process parameters, achieving an optical density of 99.91%.
Graphical Abstract
Optimization using the accelerated simulation yielded an optimized parameter set within 5 days. This resulted in a
part with an optical density of 99.91%.
Universal heavy-ball method for nonconvex optimization under Hölder continuous Hessians
Authors: Marumo Naoki , Takeda Akiko 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe propose a new first-order method for minimizing nonconvex functions with Lipschitz continuous gradients and Hölder continuous Hessians. The proposed algorithm is a heavy-ball method equipped with two particular restart mechanisms. It finds a solution where the gradient norm is less than $$\varepsilon $$
ε
in $$O(H_{\nu }^{\frac{1}{2 + 2 \nu }} \varepsilon ^{- \frac{4 + 3 \nu }{2 + 2 \nu }})$$

O
(

H

ν

1

2
+
2
ν

ε

-

4
+
3
ν

2
+
2
ν

)

function and gradient evaluations, where $$\nu \in [0, 1]$$

ν
∈
[
0
,
1
]

and $$H_{\nu }$$

H
ν

are the Hölder exponent and constant, respectively. This complexity result covers the classical bound of $$O(\varepsilon ^{-2})$$

O
(

ε

-
2

)

for $$\nu = 0$$

ν
=
0

and the state-of-the-art bound of $$O(\varepsilon ^{-7/4})$$

O
(

ε

-
7
/
4

)

for $$\nu = 1$$

ν
=
1

. Our algorithm is $$\nu $$
ν
-independent and thus universal; it automatically achieves the above complexity bound with the optimal $$\nu \in [0, 1]$$

ν
∈
[
0
,
1
]

without knowledge of $$H_{\nu }$$

H
ν

. In addition, the algorithm does not require other problem-dependent parameters as input, including the gradient’s Lipschitz constant or the target accuracy $$\varepsilon $$
ε
. Numerical results illustrate that the proposed method is promising.
Noninvasive pressure-strain loop quantitative assessment of left ventricular function in anemic preterm infants with different modes of respiratory support
Authors: Wang Ruijie , Yang Hui , Jiang Jingbo , Lin Zhou , Zheng Qiuying , Yu Wei , Fan Shumin , Liu Lei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo investigate noninvasive pressure-strain loop (PSL) combined with two-dimensional speck tracking imaging and left ventricular pressure measurement in the evaluation of cardiac function changes in anemia of prematurity (AOP) with different modes of respiratory support, and to explore its value in detecting subclinical myocardial injury in preterm infants. This retrospective study included 79 preterm infants with anemia, according to different modes of respiratory support, who were divided into invasive respiratory support group (39 cases) and noninvasive respiratory support group (40 cases). A control group of 40 nonanemic preterm infants with matched age, sex, and gestational age were also included. Complete echocardiography was performed for each included infant. There are PSL parameters that used to evaluate cardiac function, including global longitudinal strain (GLS), global work index (GWI), global constructive work (GCW), global wasted work (GWW), and global work efficiency (GWE) among the three groups were compared. Compared with the control group, the value of GWI, GCW, and GWE were significantly lower and GWW was higher in the AOP groups (P < 0.05), and GWI, GCW and GWE were much significantly lower in the invasive respiratory support group than in the noninvasive respiratory support group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in GLS among the three groups (P > 0.05). Noninvasive PSL analysis can quantitatively assess myocardial work in AOP with different respiratory support, which is more sensitive than other conventional echocardiographic indices. This technique may provide a new method for monitoring subclinical myocardial injury with AOP.
Modeling the impact of out-of-schema questions in task-oriented dialog systems
Authors: Meem Jannat Ara , Rashid Muhammad Shihab , Hristidis Vagelis 
Published: June 2024

AbstractExisting work on task-oriented dialog systems generally assumes that the interaction of users with the system is restricted to the information stored in a closed data schema. However, in practice users may ask ‘out-of-schema’ questions, that is, questions that the system cannot answer, because the information does not exist in the schema. Failure to answer these questions may lead the users to drop out of the chat before reaching the success state (e.g. reserving a restaurant). A key challenge is that the number of these questions may be too high for a domain expert to answer them all. We formulate the problem of out-of-schema question detection and selection that identifies the most critical out-of-schema questions to answer, in order to maximize the expected success rate of the system. We propose a two-stage pipeline to solve the problem. In the first stage, we propose a novel in-context learning (ICL) approach to detect out-of-schema questions. In the second stage, we propose two algorithms for out-of-schema question selection (OQS): a naive approach that chooses a question based on its frequency in the dropped-out conversations, and a probabilistic approach that represents each conversation as a Markov chain and a question is picked based on its overall benefit. We propose and publish two new datasets for the problem, as existing datasets do not contain out-of-schema questions or user drop-outs. Our quantitative and simulation-based experimental analyses on these datasets measure how our methods can effectively identify out-of-schema questions and positively impact the success rate of the system.
Improving risk governance strategies via learning: a comparative analysis of solar radiation modification and gene drives
Authors: Grieger Khara , Wiener Jonathan B. , Kuzma Jennifer 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) and gene drive organisms (GDOs) have been proposed as technological responses to complex entrenched environmental challenges. They also share several characteristics of emerging risks, including extensive uncertainties, systemic interdependencies, and risk profiles intertwined with societal contexts. This Perspective conducts a comparative analysis of the two technologies, and identifies ways in which their research and policy communities may learn from each other to inform future risk governance strategies. We find that SAI and GDOs share common features of aiming to improve or restore a public good, are characterized by numerous potential ecological, societal, and ethical risks associated with deep uncertainty, and are challenged by how best to coordinate behavior of different actors. Meanwhile, SAI and GDOs differ in their temporal and spatial mode of deployment, spread, degree and type of reversibility, and potential for environmental monitoring. Based on this analysis, we find the field of SAI may learn from GDOs by enhancing its international collaborations for governance and oversight, while the field of GDOs may learn from SAI by investing in research focused on economics and decision-modeling. Additionally, given the relatively early development stages of SAI and GDOs, there may be ample opportunities to learn from risk governance efforts of other emerging technologies, including the need for improved monitoring and incorporating aspects of responsible innovation in research and any deployment.
A mechanistic approach to determine the relationship between film structure, electronic properties, and photocatalytic activity of ALD ZnO thin films on glass gibers
Authors: Arat Asife B. , Akyildiz Halil I. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAtomic layer deposition (ALD), a high-conformality thin-film deposition technique, offers the opportunity to immobilize photocatalytic materials on high surface area substrates. Textile substrates are inexpensive, easily accessible materials with a fibrous nature, making them high surface area scaffolds for photocatalytic applications. This study applied ZnO thin-film coatings to fabric structures with different numbers of ALD cycles. The effect of coating thickness on the surface and electronic properties of the films and their photocatalytic properties were investigated. SEM, XRD, PL, and UV–Vis were used to examine the surface morphology, crystal structure, defects, and optical properties of the ZnO thin films. As the film thickness increased, the crystal sizes and the number of defects in the structure increased. Contact angle and Hall Effect measurements revealed that these structural defects are present on the surface of the films. Optimum wettability, mobility, and photocatalytic efficiency values were observed in the 15-nm coated samples, resulting in the highest photocatalytic activity and a turning point.
Cosolvent-free sol–gel synthesis of macroporous silica gels from tetramethoxysilane–tetraethoxysilane mixtures
Authors: Koreeda Hiroka , Ishijima Masanao , Kajihara Koichi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Tetramethoxysilane (TMOS), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), and their mixtures were used for the cosolvent-free synthesis of macroporous silica gels as precursors for monolithic silica glasses. The liquid-state 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of precursor solutions indicated that cross-transesterification between TMOS and TEOS was completed in a few hours at 20 °C in the presence of an acid catalyst, whereas it was negligible when the catalyst was absent. In the precursor solutions prepared from TMOS, phase separation occurred after gelation, resulting in translucent gels. In contrast, in the solutions prepared from TEOS or a mixture of TMOS and TEOS at a TMOS mole fraction of 0.8, the phase separation can be induced before gelation, and opaque xerogels were easily obtained without fracture. The average size of macroscopic particles and macroporous structures were uniform over opaque xerogels prepared from TEOS. In contrast, in opaque xerogels prepared from the TMOS-rich mixture of TMOS and TEOS, the average particle size and macroscopic porosity inside them were notably smaller than those of the subsurface, probably because of a large exotherm upon gelation and the resulting temperature gradient in the gelling solutions. Such spatial morphology distribution made the sintering of the opaque gels into clear silica glasses difficult. Opaque gels prepared from TEOS and translucent gels prepared from solutions containing TMOS were transformed to clear silica glasses in high yields of ~99% by sintering in a helium atmosphere at 1050–1350 °C.

Graphical abstract
Structural, Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Hydroxiapatite Reinforced Ti13Nb13Zr/HA Composite Produced by Friction Stir Process (FSP)
Authors: ACIMERT Özlem Baran , Okur Beyza Begüm , Dayauç Ayşenur Keleş , Küçükömeroğlu Tevfik , Kanca Yusuf 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMany modification methods are applied to produce Ti-based biomedical materials. In this study, the structural, mechanical and tribological properties of unreinforced Ti13Nb13Zr alloy and Ti13Nb13Zr/HA composites with different contents of hydroxyapatite (HA) reinforcement were investigated by friction stir processing (FSP) to Ti13Nb13Zr alloy. SEM, FTIR and EDS analyzes were performed to determine the structural properties. Surface roughness values were determined using a 3D optical microscope. Surface wettability properties were investigated with a contact angle. Microhardness and wear test devices were used to determine the mechanical and tribological properties, respectively. Wear tests were carried out in a dry environment and phosphate buffered saline solution (PBS). The wear tracks were analyzed by SEM and 3D optical microscope. As a result of FTIR analysis, HA has PO43−, HPO42−, CO32− and OH− bonds. All samples exhibited hydrophilic surfaces suitable for cell adhesion. The FSP process increased the hardness and wear resistance of the Ti13Nb13Zr alloy in both atmospheres. In addition, Ti13Nb13Zr/HA composites significantly increased the hardness and wear resistance of Ti13Nb13Zr alloy and Ti13Nb13Zr alloy modified by FSP.
Wasch mich, aber mach mich nicht nass?
Authors: Scherr Albert 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungOb die Berufsausübung an eine staatliche Anerkennung gebunden sein soll, wird in der Sozialen Arbeit kontrovers diskutiert. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird in einer professionstheoretischen Perspektive aufgezeigt, dass die einschlägige Debatte einerseits auf Defizite in der Gewährleistung professioneller Standards verweist, die auch durch unzureichende berufsständische Selbstkontrolle bedingt sind. Andererseits steht sie in Zusammenhang mit der Zuweisung hoheitsstaatlicher Aufgaben an die Soziale Arbeit und dem daraus resultierenden Interesse an staatlicher Kontrolle derjenigen, die mit deren Durchsetzung befasst sind. Argumentiert wird, dass das bloße Vertrauen in durch hochschulische Ausbildung individueller Kompetenzen und Selbstverpflichtungen von Sozialarbeitenden keine überzeugende Alternative zur entweder staatlichen oder berufsständischen Regulierung der Berufsausübung ist.
Magnum metal-on-metal uncemented total hip replacement: 8- to 18-year outcomes of 211 cases
Authors: Gaillard-Campbell D. , Gross T. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Reports of adverse reactions to metal debris contributed in part to a decline in use of large-bearing metal-on-metal total hip devices. We hypothesize an optimal trunnion design may reduce risk of this failure mode in large-bearing total hip arthroplasty systems. The purpose of this study is to report mid- to long-term outcomes for a single-surgeon series of 211 total hip arthroplasties using the large-bearing Biomet Magnum metal-on-metal system.

Materials and methods
Between December 2004 and January 2016, the primary surgeon performed 211 uncemented Magnum total hip arthroplasties in 181 patients. The average length of follow-up was 10.1 ± 3.5 years (range 8–18 years).

Results
Using failure of any component as the endpoint, the overall survivorship rate was 98.1% at 10 years and 97.4% at 18 years. These eight failures (3.8% of cohort) included one case of adverse wear-related failure (0.5%), two cases of acetabular ingrowth failure (0.9%), three cases of trunnion corrosion (1.4%), one failure of late infection (0.5%), and one inappropriate revision of components for trochanteric nonunion without instability (0.5%). Excluding failed cases, all components were radiographically stable with no radiolucencies. Except for the one wear failure, ion testing revealed that 97.2% of cases were within optimal whole blood metal ion levels with the remaining ion test results within acceptable levels.

Conclusions
With the uncemented Magnum metal-on-metal total hip, we achieved 97.4% 18-year implant survivorship, exceeding the NICE criteria and registry benchmarks for implant survivorship. We observed a trunnion corrosion rate of 1.4% and no cases of instability. The single case of adverse wear-related failure was caused by acetabular component malposition.