bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rent control and vacancies in Sweden
Authors: Wilhelmsson Mats , Andersson Roland , Klingborg Kerstin 
Published: June 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of Swedish rent controls on observed vacancy rates for rental housing.Design/methodology/approachHousing vacancy rates are unevenly distributed among Swedish municipalities. In large expansive municipalities, such as Malmö, Göteborg and Stockholm, vacancy rates are very low, while in declining or smaller municipalities such as those in the northern and interior parts of Sweden, vacancy rates are considerably higher. This implies welfare losses not only in growing municipalities with queues for rental apartments but also in municipalities that are shrinking since the controlled rents there are higher than market rents and cause higher vacancy rates than with market rents. The authors estimate the influences of various determining factors, such as population growth, population size, rent levels, construction, demolition and market orientation of rents, on the observed vacancy rates.FindingsThe authors find that that these factors affect the vacancy rates differently depending on whether a municipality is large or small, growing or shrinking. Population growth, in percent per year, plays an important role in explaining the observed vacancy rates in declining regions.Research limitations/implicationsA research task that remains to be done is to calculate the welfare losses due to rent higher than the market rent for municipalities in contraction.Practical implicationsTo reduce the welfare losses of rent control, both in expanding and contracting municipalities, economists' straightforward recommendation to deregulate the rent control should, in principle, be carried out.Originality/valueIn many countries, rent control regulations are limited to cities, such as New York City. The paper shows that the Swedish rent control system however, applies nationwide, except for annual rent increases, which are set locally through negotiation.
Cycles in landed and non‐landed housing sub‐markets in Malaysia
Authors: Hui Hon‐Chung 
Published: June 2011

PurposeThere exists a voluminous literature which examines house price diffusions across space and quality tiers. Numerous observers have pointed out that housing price dynamics can also be analysed in terms of house price diffusions across different housing sub‐markets (e.g. landed vs non‐landed housing). However, there has been no research to document these cyclical interactions. The purpose of this paper is to remedy this research gap by offering evidence of cyclical dynamics between different housing sub‐markets for the case of Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThe dynamics between house prices of non‐landed housing (condominium) and landed housing (terrace, semi‐detached and detached housing sub‐markets) are analysed. Band‐pass filters are first used to extract the cyclical components from the four house price series. Next, interactions between house price cycles are documented using cross‐correlation analysis, Granger‐causality tests and impulse response functions. Finally, the out‐of‐sample forecasting performance of the respective house price series is examined.FindingsThe author finds that condominium price cycles are exogenous in that they lead the price cycles in other housing sub‐markets by one‐ to two‐quarters. Second, condominium price cycles drive price cycles in the terrace and detached sub‐markets. Third, cycles in condominium prices are able to predict house price cycles in other sub‐markets with a high degree of precision.Originality/valueThis is the first known study that establishes stylised facts of lead‐lag relationships between house price cycles in different housing sub‐markets. The findings have several practical implications for housing investors who intend to optimise investment decisions on housing purchases.
Insight into apartment attributes and location with factors and principal components
Authors: Bonnafous Alain , Kryvobokov Marko 
Published: June 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to better understand the spatial structure of the Lyon urban area focusing on real estate. For this, two aims are formulated. The first aim is to identify and geographically analyse latent structure underlying apartment variables and location. The second aim is to decrease a number of explanatory variables in a hedonic model of real estate prices applying latent constructs.Design/methodology/approachFor the first aim of a parsimonious representation among measured variables, exploratory factor analysis is applied. For the second aim of data reduction, principal component analysis (PCA) is used. The exploited regression methodologies are global and geographically weighted ordinary least squares.FindingsFour factors are extracted, of which two represent apartment attributes and other two – location attributes. Principal components provide better insight into location attributes dividing the service employment centres into two geographical groups. The inclusion of principal components in hedonic price equation instead of initial location variables decreases goodness of fit, but does not gradually change non‐location estimates and other parameters.Originality/valueDifferently from previous applications of factor analysis and PCA in the real estate domain, oblique rotation is applied, which allows the extracted factors or components to be correlated. The scores of factors and components are interpolated from points to raster maps creating a continuous geographical distribution. Hedonic models with and without principal components are compared in detail.
Fractionation of Sauvignon wine macromolecules by ultrafiltration and diafiltration: impact of protein composition on white wine haze stability
Authors: de Bruijn Johannes , Martínez‐Oyanedel José , Loyola Cristina , Seiter Javier , Lobos Francisco , Pérez‐Arias Ricardo 
Published: June 2011

SummaryAfter ultrafiltration (UF) thermally unstable compounds of Sauvignon blanc wines were concentrated in the retentate fractions of 10–30 kDa increasing heat‐induced haze 8.9‐fold, while concentrating haze stabilising species into the retentate fractions of 100–300 kDa with a 5.3‐fold reduction of heat‐induced haze compared to unfiltered wine. Proteins having molecular weights of 18, 23, 33, 35, 40 and 60 kDa were identified as the main haze promoting agents for Sauvignon blanc, where the proteins of 56, 69 and 72 kDa were identified as thermally stable. Potassium sulphate (100 mg L−1) and magnesium sulphate (25 mg L−1) did not affect wine haziness at experimental diafiltration (DF) conditions using model wine solutions. Combination of UF and DF is a useful separation method of wine proteins, which is helpful to quantify haziness of individual species and to reveal the interactions between species involving protein haze.
Nutritional and quality aspects of wheat sourdough bread using L. luteus and L. angustifolius flours fermented by Pedioccocus acidilactici
Authors: Bartkiene Elena , Juodeikiene Grazina , Vidmantiene Daiva , Viskelis Pranas , Urbonaviciene Dalia 
Published: June 2011

SummaryLupine has the potential to be a new domestic source of vegetable protein due to its comparable quality to the commonly used soy proteins. However, the bioprocessing that take place in the production of wheat bread with non‐conventional flours could play an important role. The wholemeal Lupinus angustifolius and Lupinus luteus flours were fermented by bacteriocin‐producing strain of Pediococcus acidilactici. The effect of lupine flour supplementation on wheat bread quality, sensory and safety criteria was studied. The lupine additives significantly decreased the quality of bread. The fermented L. luteus flour (10% of flour basis) had a slightly higher positive effect on the specific volume and crumb porosity (5.4%) and lowering of crumb hardness (9.5%) than those of L. angustifolius. In contrary, consumers rated higher for bread with L. angustifolius sourdough, which contributed to a stronger taste score. The levels of tyramine, histamine and putrescine (32.6–215.8, 20.8–96.7 and 33.7–195.2 mg kg−1, respectively) do not present a health risk for consumers due to their relatively low levels in lupine fermented products. Bioprocessing used for wheat bread production with lupine flour additives could improve the nutritional profile of bread without increasing the risk of biogenic amine formation.
Flexible components of functional responses
Authors: Okuyama Toshinori 
Published: June 2011

Summary1. The functional response of predators describes the rate at which a predator consumes prey and is an important determinant of community dynamics. Despite the importance, most empirical studies have considered a limited number of models of functional response. In addition, the models often make strong assumptions about the pattern of predation processes, even though functional responses can potentially exhibit a wide variety of patterns.2. In addition to the limited model consideration, model selections of functional response models cannot tease apart the components of predation (i.e. capture rate and handling time) when flexible traits are considered because it is always possible that many different combinations of the capture rate and handling time can lead to the same predation rate.3. This study directly examined the capture rate and handling time of functional response in a mite community. To avoid the model selection problem, the searching and handling behaviour data were collected. The model selection was applied directly to these two components of predation data. Commonly used functional response models and models that allow for more flexible patterns were compared.4. The results indicated that assumptions of the commonly used models were not supported by the data, and a flexible model was selected as the best model. These results suggest the need to consider a wider variety of predation patterns when characterizing a functional response. Without making a strong assumption (e.g. static handling time), model selections on functional response models cannot be used to make reliable inferences on the predation mechanisms.
Lifetime fitness correlates of natal dispersal distance in a colonial bird
Authors: Serrano David , Tella José L. 
Published: June 2011

Summary1. Obtaining empirical evidence of the consequences of dispersal distance on fitness is challenging in wild animals because long‐term, unbiased data on reproduction, survival and movement are notoriously difficult to obtain.2. Lifetime fitness correlates of natal dispersal distance were studied in an isolated population of the facultatively colonial lesser kestrelFalco naumanni(Fleischer) monitored during 8 years at north‐eastern Spain, where most birds (83%) dispersed from their natal colony to settle at distances ranging from 112 m to 136·5 km.3. Neither annual breeding success nor age at recruitment was affected by natal dispersal distance. However, a capture–mark–recapture analysis revealed that survival during the year following recruitment decreased exponentially with dispersal distance, with differences of up to 15% between philopatrics and long‐distance dispersers. In subsequent years, it remained similar irrespective of the natal dispersal distance moved. These results did not seem to be biased by long‐distance dispersers settling differentially in the periphery of the population (which could emigrate permanently and be considered dead in future occasions) or within‐individual consistency in successive dispersal distances, so our results appear to reflect genuine survival differences between dispersal tactics.4. Average lifetime fledgling production, average lifetime recruitment success and rate‐sensitive individual fitness (λind) also decreased with the distance from the natal to the first‐breeding colony, indicating that dispersal decisions early in life affecting immediate survival prospects may translate into long‐term fitness costs.5. Both survival and lifetime fitness models including continuous dispersal distances significantly improved the characterization of the effect on fitness compared with models considering dispersal as a discrete process (i.e. dispersal vs. philopatry at a colony level).6. Long‐distance dispersers were more likely to establish new colonies regardless of whether they recruited in the centre or the periphery of the population, revealing their important role in the colonization of unoccupied patches. Individuals experienced a higher probability of mortality in small and newly funded colonies, so lifetime fitness costs of dispersal seem to be explained by recruitment in sites where average quality is low because of high uncertainty in survival prospects.
Getting a virtual forester fit for the challenge of climatic change
Authors: Rasche Livia , Fahse Lorenz , Zingg Andreas , Bugmann Harald 
Published: June 2011

Summary1. The empirical study of forest ecosystem dynamics is difficult because of the longevity of trees. Many types of models were developed to assist with this problem, all of them with advantages and disadvantages. The strengths of gap models are that they are able to simulate forest dynamics under changing climatic conditions and are therefore suitable for exploring future forest dynamics.2. Most temperate and boreal forests are managed, making it important to incorporate harvesting functions depicting a wide range of silvicultural practices into the models and to test them under different climatic conditions. This is a necessary prerequisite to the application of these models under climatic change scenarios. Most gap models, however, do not feature such submodels, which disqualifies them as decision support tools.3. We implemented a management submodel in the gap model ForClim that is able to simulate a wide range of cutting and thinning techniques, including continuous cover forestry (‘plentering’). We tested the new submodel against long‐term data (72–111 years) from eight growth and yield research plots across climatic conditions ranging from warm‐dry to cold‐wet.4. Stem numbers were simulated accurately in nearly all cases, basal area showed a good fit on Quercus‐dominated plots, but an over/underestimation on Fagus sylvatica‐dominated and Picea abies‐dominated plots. The diameter distributions simulated for the time of the most recent inventory did not differ significantly from empirical data except for two cases. Harvested basal area and stem numbers mostly agreed well with empirical data, but showed the same deviation from reality as simulated basal area.5. Simulations run with an accurate management plan taken from foresters’ reports for the plots yielded nearly the same results as those run with a generic management setting.6. Synthesis and applications. We have demonstrated that (i) the management submodel adequately depicts silvicultural treatments, including continuous cover forestry; (ii) a generic harvesting setting can be substituted for a very detailed one, thus eliminating a major source of uncertainty in assessments of future forest dynamics; and (iii) as the new version of ForClim is able to deal with widely differing current climates, it can be employed with reasonable confidence to simulate future management strategies under climatic change. Overall, this modelling work is a major step towards the use of succession models as decision support tools in forest management.
Bayesian clustering techniques and progressive partitioning to identify population structuring within a recovering otter population in the UK
Authors: Hobbs Geoffrey I. , Chadwick Elizabeth A. , Bruford Michael W. , Slater Fred M. 
Published: June 2011

Summary1. After a major decline, the UK otter Lutra lutra population is now recovering in its known strongholds (northern England, Wales and Borders and southwest England) and also in central England where the population had become small, fragmented and was reinforced with captive bred individuals. Bayesian clustering and GIS are used here to identify the genetic structure of the UK otter population and to assess expansion from strongholds and the contribution of introduced otters. Large carnivores have recently started to recolonize landscapes where they were formerly absent, especially in developed countries and understanding the expansion of these populations is essential for informing conservation management, linking fragmented populations and re‐establishing gene flow.2. Three Bayesian clustering techniques were used (structure, geneland spatial and baps4 spatial) to estimate the number of otter populations (K). A novel progressive partitioning approach was tested to identify genetic substructuring at various hierarchical levels using successive partitions at K = 2.3. Four regional populations were identified that reflect known population history. Isolated populations in southwest England and in Wales and its borders showed the lowest levels of genetic diversity. Higher diversity and private alleles in northern and central England reflect the proximity to genetically diverse Scottish populations and the positive effect of reintroductions.4. Progressive partitioning was used to produce a more detailed analysis, by allowing comparison and combination of clusters identified by different techniques and by avoiding the subjective estimation and choice of K.5. Synthesis and applications.. Although the otter population is increasing, our data show little sign of population expansion from the stronghold regions into central England, instead reflecting the success of population reinforcement in this area. Our progressive partitioning approach allows the identification of fine‐scale substructure (11 groups) that enables the prioritization of management effort including identifying barriers to dispersal within and between populations and monitoring of introduced individuals.
‘I am going to be a dad’: experiences and expectations of adolescent and young adult expectant fathers
Authors: Wilkes Lesley , Mannix Judy , Jackson Debra 
Published: June 2011

Aim.  To explore the experiences of prospective adolescent fathers regarding their impending fatherhood.Background.  Several studies indicate adolescent fatherhood is associated with multiple risk factors. Despite this, it is well documented that these young males have a potentially vital role in the lives of their child/ren and partners. Adolescent pregnancy has often been viewed with a particular emphasis on the mother and relatively little is known about the experiences and expectations of young males facing imminent fatherhood.Design.  Narrative methods were used to collect qualitative data.Method.  Narratives were elicited through in‐depth interviews with seven adolescent expectant fathers aged 16–22 years.Results.  Impending fatherhood presented these young men with mixed emotions and many challenges. The pregnancies were all unplanned and though participants were all willing to face the responsibilities associated with fatherhood, they also reported feeling ill‐prepared for the challenges that lay ahead. Impending fatherhood had caused the young men to reflect on the quality of fathering they had received themselves. The young men were hoping to provide their own infant with a better quality of fathering than they had experienced.Conclusions.  Nurses and midwives are ideally placed to provide support to young men facing impending fatherhood to better prepare them to meet the demands of their forthcoming role.Relevance to clinical practice.  Prenatal classes should include specific sessions for prospective fathers and provide opportunities to assist young men to discuss their thoughts and concerns about impending fatherhood. It could also be useful to encourage young expectant fathers to engage in discussions with their own fathers and grandfathers. For those young men who do not have effective relationships with their own fathers, it could be useful to organise mentoring with experienced mature men who have successfully engaged in the fatherhood role.
Irish psychiatric nurses' self‐reported barriers, facilitators and skills for developing evidence‐based practice
Authors: YADAV B. L. , FEALY G. M. 
Published: June 2011

Accessible summaryAlthough health professionals are expected to use the findings of research to guide them in their practice, it seems that many nurses do not do this. In a survey, we asked psychiatric nurses in Ireland about the things that prevented them from using the findings of research to guide them in their practice.The psychiatric nurses in our survey told us that they do not have sufficient time to look up the research that is published in journals, that they cannot find research in journals when they look for it and that they find the research reports difficult to understand.The majority of psychiatric nurses in our survey told us that they are more confident in finding information on the Internet and less confident in using research findings, and that when they wish to improve their practice based on research findings, they get most support from the senior nurse with responsibility for practice development.The findings of this paper are important because they tell us that psychiatric nurses face obstacles in trying to achieve more scientifically informed practice.AbstractEvidence‐based practice places an emphasis on integration of clinical expertise with available best evidence, patient's clinical information and preferences, and with local health resources. This paper reports the findings of a study that investigated the barriers, facilitators and skills in developing evidence‐based practice among psychiatric nurses in Ireland. A postal survey was conducted among a random sample of Irish psychiatric nurses and survey data were collected using the Development of Evidence‐Based Practice Questionnaire. Respondents reported that insufficient time to find and read research reports and insufficient resources to change practice were the greatest barriers to the development of evidence‐based practice. Practice development coordinators were perceived as the most supportive resource for changing practice. Using the Internet to search for information was the highest‐rated skill and using research evidence to change practice was the lowest‐rated skill for developing evidence‐based practice. Nurses' precursor skills for developing evidence‐based practice, such as database searching and information retrieval, may be insufficient in themselves for promoting evidence‐based practice if they cannot find evidence relating to their particular field of practice or if they do not have the time, resources and supports to develop their practice in response to evidence.