bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Micro Raman spectroscopy for monitoring alterations between human skin keratinocytes HaCaT and their tumorigenic derivatives A5RT3—toward a Raman characterization of a skin carcinoma model
Authors: Donfack P. , Rehders M. , Brix K. , Boukamp P. , Materny A. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractRaman scattering provides molecular information about biochemical differences between healthy and cancerous cells in a non‐invasive and non‐destructive fashion. We have monitored such changes for the human skin keratinocyte cell line HaCaT and its cancerogenic counterpart A5RT3 at 514.5 and 647 nm excitations, with either fixed‐cell droplets or adherent fixed and living cells for repeated preparations over time in order to discriminate intrinsic characteristic changes. Cell droplets yielded average but rather reproducible information and helped to rapidly determine such changes. The Raman spectra show differences in the relative intensity ratios of the protein amide I band at 1656 cm−1 and amide III bands around 1250 cm−1 and of the phenylalanine ring mode at 1003.6 cm−1 to the CH2 deformation band at 1448 cm−1, which are considerably greater for HaCaT cells than A5RT3 cells. Interestingly, these observations were accompanied by severe and consistent changes in the amide III region and in the collagen marker region around 936 cm−1, therefore providing an unambiguous evidence of protein degradation and changes in the essential amino acid phenylalanine and in the lipid components in tumorigenic A5RT3 cells. Ultimately, in light of these intrinsic changes, the present findings are consistent with the passage number of the non‐tumorigenic HaCaT cells, because low pass HaCaT showed less pronounced alterations than high pass HaCaT, suggesting a correlation of tumorigenic transformation with primarily genetic instabilities in HaCaT cells. This work represents the first Raman spectroscopy discrimination of the skin carcinoma model cell lines, the non‐tumorigenic HaCaT and the cancerous A5RT3 cells, addressing the importance of delineating nonspecific variations from intrinsic characteristic changes and giving a spectroscopic indication for the influence of the passage number of HaCaT cells on the tumorigenic development. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Insights into phase stability of anhydrous/hydrate systems: a Raman‐based methodology
Authors: Nolasco Mariela M. , Amado Ana M. , Ribeiro‐Claro Paulo J. A. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractFT‐Raman spectroscopy turns out to be a powerful technique to evaluate the amount of polymorphic and pseudopolymorphic forms in crystalline samples—which is particularly relevant in pharmaceutical sciences. This paper presents a methodology that allows successful quantitative evaluation of the solid‐state hydration and dehydration processes, using FT‐Raman spectroscopy. All the steps required for a reliable evaluation of the hydration/dehydration process are illustrated for the caffeine system, a particularly challenging system presenting limited spectral differences between the pseudopolymorphs. The hydration process of caffeine was found to occur in a single‐step process with a half‐life time of ca 13 h, while the dehydration occurs through a two‐step mechanism. The critical relative humidity was found to be at ca 81 and 42% for anhydrous and hydrate caffeine forms, respectively. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Genetic dissection of amino acid content in rice grain
Authors: Lu Kaiyang , Li Lanzhi , Zheng Xingfei , Zhang Zhihong , Mou Tongmin , Hu Zhongli 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Protein content and amino acid composition in rice are the most important components of rice nutrient quality. However, there have been few reports on the mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for the contents of protein and amino acids in rice grain and other crops (soybean, corn). In this study a population of 241 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a cross between Zhenshan 97 and Minghui 63 (the parents of the most widely grown hybrid rice in China) was constructed to detect the main effect and epistatic effect QTLs for amino acid content (AAC) as characterised by individual AACs, total essential AAC and total AAC.RESULTS: Using a linkage map covering a total of 1796 centimorgan (cM) based on 221 molecular marker loci, a total of 12 QTLs were identified for ten traits mapped on chromosomes 1, 4, 6, 7 and 11. The QTL cluster (flanked by C904, R2632 and C39) on chromosome 1 was associated with the content of eight amino acids. The phenotypic variation explained by individual QTLs ranged from 3.4 to 48.8%. Eighty‐one digenic interactions were resolved that involved 143 loci distributed on all 12 chromosomes. The amount of variation explained by main effect QTLs was lower than that explained by QTLs involved in epistatic interactions.CONCLUSION: The findings showed that most main effect QTLs for AACs detected tended to be co‐localised within the genome. Thus, if a breeder were interested in changing the concentration of only one amino acid, this might be difficult to achieve. Meanwhile, the prevalent epistasis for the loci involved appeared to hold true for the content of amino acids. The information reported in the present study is expected to be useful for future breeding programmes targeting the development of improved rice amino acid composition for human nutrition. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Massive trauma and the healing role of reparative justice
Authors: Danieli Yael 
Published: September 2009

AbstractIn this article, the author focuses on victims/survivors' experiences of justice processes after massive trauma. Reparative justice insists that every step throughout the justice experience—from the first moment of the court's encounter with a potential witness, to the follow‐up of witnesses after their return home, to the aftermath of the completion of the case—presents an opportunity for redress and healing. Conversely, this experience may present a risk of missing opportunities for healing and reintegrating victims into their societies, or, worse, (re)victimizing and (re)traumatizing them. Although restitution, rehabilitation, or compensation may come only after this process has concluded, opportunities exist throughout. Although not sufficient in itself, reparative justice is a necessary component among the healing processes after massive trauma.
Human rights and the trauma model: Genuine partners or uneasy allies?
Authors: Steel Zachary , Bateman Steel Catherine R. , Silove Derrick 
Published: September 2009

AbstractSince World War II, a comprehensive body of international law has developed to protect and promote human rights. Three generations of rights can be delineated: civil and political; economic, social and cultural; and collective rights. The convergence of a medical rights‐based campaign in the late 1970s with the emergence of the new trauma model resulted in mental health professionals playing a prominent role in documenting and protecting civil and political rights. Economic, social, and cultural rights also emerged as being pivotal, particularly in the Australian context as mental health professionals began to work with excluded populations such as asylum seekers. Consideration of third‐generation rights raises important questions about the responsibilities facing mental health professionals applying the trauma model to non‐Western settings.
Differential inhibitory effects of inotilone on inflammatory mediators, inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase‐2, in LPS‐stimulated murine macrophage
Authors: Kuo Yu‐Ching , Lai Ching‐Shu , Wang Ju‐Ming , Badmaev Vladimir , Nagabhushanam Kalyanam , Ho Chi‐Tang , Pan Min‐Hsiung 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe inhibitory effects of inotilone and methylinotilone on the induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) in murine RAW 264.7 cells activated with LPS were investigated. The results show that both hydroxyl groups on the benzene ring of the inotilone molecule are required for better anti‐inflammatory effect. Western blotting and RT‐PCR analyses demonstrated that inotilone blocked protein and mRNA expression of iNOS but not COX‐2. Instead, inotilone inhibited prostaglandin E2 production through decreasing the enzyme activity of COX‐2. The repression of iNOS but not COX‐2 expression may come from the differential effect of inotilone on nuclear factor‐κB (NFκB) and CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein beta Treatment with inotilone resulted in the reduction of LPS‐induced nuclear translocation of NFκB subunit and the NFκB‐dependent transcriptional activity by blocking phosphorylation of inhibitor κB(IκB)α and p65 and subsequent degradation of inhibitor κBα. Inotilone also inhibited LPS‐induced activation of PI3K/Akt and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 and p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase. Our results suggest that inotilone may have potential to be developed into an effective anti‐inflammatory agent.
Purified berry anthocyanins but not whole berries normalize lipid parameters in mice fed an obesogenic high fat diet
Authors: Prior Ronald L. , Wu Xianli , Gu Liwei , Hager Tiffany , Hager Aaron , Wilkes Sam , Howard Luke 
Published: September 2009

AbstractMale C57BL/6 mice received diets with either 10% of kcal from fat, or a high fat diet [45% (HF45) or 60% (HF60) kcal from fat]. Diets were prepared with or without freeze‐dried powders (10%) from whole blueberries (BB), strawberries (SB), Concord grape or black raspberry. In the 2nd study, purified anthocyanins (ACNs) from SB or BB were added to the drinking water of the treatments fed the HF60 diet. In Study 1, serum triglycerides were increased by feeding the HF45 diet but were elevated further when black raspberry or BB was included in the HF45 diet. Liver total lipids and triglycerides were increased in mice fed HF45 diet and inclusion of any of the berry powders in the HF45 diet did not alter concentrations compared to HF45 controls. In the 2nd study, mice fed the HF60 diet plus purified ACNs from BB in the water had lower body weight gains and body fat than the HF60 fed. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were elevated with the HF60 diet and decreased to control levels when ACNs from either SB or BB were included in the drinking water. Serum leptin levels were consistently decreased to control low fat levels in those ACN treatments in which measures of body fat were decreased. Administering purified ACNs from BB and strawberry via drinking water prevented the development of dyslipidemia and obesity in mice, but feeding diets containing whole berries or purple corn (PC) ACNs did not alter the development of obesity.
Impaired active demethylation of the paternal genome in pronuclear‐stage rat zygotes produced by in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection
Authors: Yoshizawa Yusuke , Kato Megumi , Hirabayashi Masumi , Hochi Shinichi 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThis study was designed to investigate the effect of in vitro production systems of rat zygotes such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) on demethylation dynamics of the paternal genome. Immunostaining with anti‐5‐methylcytosine indicated that in vivo derived zygotes harvested at 20 hr post‐hCG injection had no active demethylation of paternal genomes as a mean relative methylation (RM) value, total fluorescence in the paternal genome divided by that in maternal one, at 1.17. Leaving zygotes in vivo or in culture for an additional 4 or 8 hr resulted in significant decreases of RM values to 0.14–0.31. Since in vitro‐derived zygotes were produced using oocytes harvested at 14 hr post‐hCG injection, zygotes at 6 hr after IVF or ICSI were considered developmentally comparable to the in vivo derived zygotes harvested at 20 hr post‐hCG injection, with RM values at 1.04 and 0.92, respectively. At 10 hr post‐IVF and ICSI, the RM values of the in vitro derived zygotes decreased significantly, but to a lesser extent compared with in vivo derived zygotes, to 0.53 and 0.62, respectively, without further decreases at 14 hr. Treatment of IVF‐derived zygotes with 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine (5‐azadC; an inhibitor for methylation) or trichostatin A (TSA; an inhibitor for deacetylation) resulted in the decreased RM values at 14 hr post‐IVF. However, developmental potential of the 5‐azadC‐ or TSA‐treated IVF zygotes up to the blastocyst stage was not improved. Thus, the demethylation dynamics of the paternal genome in pronuclear‐stage rat zygotes was impaired by routine protocols for in vitro embryo production such as IVF and ICSI. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 77: 69–75, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Administration of a mutated myostatin propeptide to neonatal mice significantly enhances skeletal muscle growth
Authors: Li Zicong , Zhao Baoping , Kim Yong Soo , Hu Ching Yuan , Yang Jinzeng 
Published: September 2009

AbstractMyostatin is a dominant inhibitor of skeletal muscle development and growth. As transgenic over‐expression of myostatin propeptide dramatically enhanced muscle mass, we hypothesized that administration of myostatin propeptide will increase muscle growth. In this study, the wild‐type form of porcine myostatin propeptide and its mutated form at the cleavage site of metalloproteinases of BMP‐1/TLD family were produced from insect cells. In vitro A204 cells reporter assays showed that both wild‐type and the mutated propeptides depressed myostatin activity. The recombinant propeptides at four‐fold myostatin concentration can effectively block myostatin function during co‐incubation with A204 cells. In particular, the mutated propeptide appeared much more effective than wild‐type propeptide over a long period during the in vitro co‐incubation. Administration of the mutated propeptide to neonatal mice at the age of 11 and 18 days was tested and showed significant increase in growth performance by 11–15% from the age of 25 to 57 days (P < 0.05). The major skeletal muscles of mice that were injected with mutated propeptide were 13.5–24.8% heavier than the control group (P < 0.05) as a result of muscle fiber hypertrophy. In conclusion, administration of the mutated myostatin propeptide during the neonatal period is an effective way for promoting muscle growth. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 77: 76–82, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
”Mein Verhältnis zur GDCh ist emotional“
Authors: Guggolz Ernst , Remenyi Christian 
Published: September 2009

AbstractDie Amtszeit von Klaus Müllen als GDCh‐Präsident endet in diesem Jahr. Die Nachrichten aus der Chemie fragen ihn, was ihn mit der GDCh verbindet und auf welchem Weg er die Gesellschaft sieht.
”Bereiten Sie sich auf den Aufschwung vor — der kommt“
Authors: Erbslöh Carl Hugo , Guggolz Ernst 
Published: September 2009

AbstractWirtschaftskrise, Finanzkrise, echter Export, Reach, Shareholder‐Value, Tierversuche: Carl Hugo Erbslöh spricht mit den Nachrichten aus der Chemie über das, was aktuell nicht nur den Mittelstand umtreibt.
Stencil reduction algorithms for the local discontinuous Galerkin method
Authors: Castillo Paul E. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe problem of reducing the stencil of the local discontinuous Galerkin method applied to second‐order differential operator is discussed. Heuristic algorithms to minimize the total number of non‐zero blocks of the reduced stiffness matrix are presented and tested on a wide variety of unstructured and structured grids in 2D and 3D. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The fixed‐mesh ALE approach applied to solid mechanics and fluid–structure interaction problems
Authors: Baiges Joan , Codina Ramon 
Published: September 2009

AbstractIn this paper we propose a method to solve Solid Mechanics and fluid–structure interaction problems using always a fixed background mesh for the spatial discretization. The main feature of the method is that it properly accounts for the advection of information as the domain boundary evolves. To achieve this, we use an Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) framework, the distinctive characteristic being that at each time step results are projected onto a fixed, background mesh. For solid mechanics problems subject to large strains, the fixed‐mesh (FM)‐ALE method avoids the element stretching found in fully Lagrangian approaches. For FSI problems, FM‐ALE allows for the use of a single background mesh to solve both the fluid and the structure. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of intravenous busulfan in children undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Wall Donna A. , Chan Ka Wah , Nieder Michael L. , Hayashi Robert J. , Yeager Andrew M. , Kadota Richard , Przepiorka Donna , Mezzi Khaled , Kletzel Morris 
Published: September 2009

AbstractPurposeTo determine the safety, efficacy, and PK profile of intravenous busulfan (Bu) in the context of a Bu and cyclophosphamide (IVBuCy) preparative regimen in children undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).MethodsTwenty‐four children were enrolled in an open‐label, multicenter trial of IVBuCy as the preparative regimen for HLA‐matched sibling allogeneic HSCT. IVBu was administered q6 hr for 16 doses with a targeted area under the curve (AUC) of 900–1,350 µMol‐min. The initial dose was 0.8 mg/kg for children >4 years of age and 1 mg/kg for those <4 years of age. PK of the first dose IVBu was determined to calculate a single dosage adjustment, and with the 9th and 13th doses to confirm steady‐state PK.ResultsThe targeted AUC was achieved with the first dose in 17/24 (71%) of the children using the age‐adjusted dosing approach. Dosing was increased in five patients, and reduced in two patients to achieve target values. After dose adjustment based on PK, 91% of the children had an AUC within the target range at steady state (AUCss). Median final dosing and clearance (CL) of IVBu were 1.1 mg/kg and 4.1 ml/min/kg in patients ≤4 years, and 0.9 mg/kg and 2.9 ml/min/kg in patients >4 years. All children were engrafted with documented donor chimerism. No late rejections or graft failures occurred. Four patients had veno‐occlusive disease, three of which resolved within 2 weeks of onset. Two children died from transplant‐related causes unrelated to Bu.ConclusionIVBu is a safe and effective and offers the benefit of predictable and consistent systemic exposure. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:291–298. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Community acquired influenza requiring hospitalization: Vaccine status is unrelated to morbidity in children with cancer
Authors: Kersun Leslie S. , Coffin Susan E. , Leckerman Kateri H. , Ingram Mary , Reilly Anne F. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackgroundCommunity acquired influenza can be severe and there are few data regarding hospitalization for children with cancer and influenza. Association between prior vaccination and infection severity has not been studied, although vaccination is standard practice.ProcedurePatients with malignancy or prior stem cell transplant (SCT) were identified using a database of children with laboratory confirmed influenza (2000–2005). Other data collected included receipt of vaccine, absolute neutrophil count (ANC) and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC). These were compared with intensive care unit (ICU) stay, respiratory complications and hospital days.ResultsThere were 39 patients with laboratory‐confirmed influenza with a median age of 6.9 years. Twenty‐four (62%) were on cancer therapy at time of infection and 18 (46%) had received the influenza vaccination that season. Measures of immune status included ANC at time of infection (median 1,530 cells/µl; inter‐quartile range, 315, 4347), presence of graft versus host disease 2 (5%) and steroid therapy 4 (10%) patients. All had a low ALC (median 448 cells/µl; IQR 189, 861). Respiratory complications occurred in 8 (20%), ICU admissions in 4 (10%) and death in 2 (5%) patients. Median hospital stay was 2 days. All ICU admissions occurred in unvaccinated patients (P = 0.1). Vaccine status, ANC (<1,000 cells/µl vs. >1,000) and ALC (<500 cells/µl vs. >500) were not associated with length of stay or respiratory complications.ConclusionsInfluenza infection can be severe in children with cancer and complications occur despite vaccination. Prospective evaluation of vaccine response is worthy of future study. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010; 54:79–82. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In situ polymerization of polyethylene/clay nanocomposites using a novel clay‐supported Ziegler‐Natta catalyst
Authors: Ramazani Ahmad , Tavakolzadeh Fahimeh , Baniasadi Hossein 
Published: September 2009

AbstractPolyethylene/clay nanocomposites (PECNC) were synthesized via in situ Ziegler‐Natta catalyst polymerization. Activated catalyst for polymerization of ethylene monomer has been prepared at first by supporting of the cocatalyst on the montmorillonite (MMT) smectite type clay and then active complex for polymerization formed by reaction of TiCl4 and aluminum oxide compound on the clay. Acid wash treatment has been used for increasing hydroxyl group and porosity of the clay and subsequently activity of the catalyst. The nanostructure of composites was investigated by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Obtained results show that silica layers of the mineral clay in these polyethylene/nanocomposites were exfoliated, intercalated, and uniformly dispersed in the polyethylene matrix even at very high concentration of the clay. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) shows good thermal stability of the PECNCs. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) results reveal considerable decrease in the crystalline phase of the PECNC samples. Results of permeability analysis show an increase in barrier properties of PECNC films. POLYM. COMPOS., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Analysis of metabolic variation and galanthamine content in Narcissus bulbs by 1H NMR
Authors: Lubbe Andrea , Pomahačová Barbora , Choi Young Hae , Verpoorte Robert 
Published: September 2009

AbstractIntroduction – Galanthamine is a benzazepine alkaloid used as a drug to relieve symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. For pharmaceutical use this natural product has been extracted from the plant Leucojum aestivum (Amaryllidaceae) or produced synthetically. Limited supply of the natural source and high cost of synthetic production has led to a search for alternative sources of galanthamine. The bulbs of Narcissus pseudonarcissus (Amaryllidaceae) have been identified as a potential source of raw material for galanthamine extraction. Since inconsistent chemical composition can be an issue with medicinal plant material, it is of interest to know whether large variations occur between Narcissus bulbs grown in different geographical locations.Objective – To evaluate whether large differences exist in the overall metabolic profiles of Narcissus bulbs grown in the two most important cultivation regions.Methodology – 1H NMR and principal component analysis were used for an unbiased comparison of the bulb samples.Results – Overall metabolite profiles were quite similar, but galanthamine levels could slightly discriminate samples by geographical region. 1H NMR was used for quantitation of galanthamine, and was found to be comparable to quantitation by HPLC. Compared with conventional chromatographic methods, sample preparation for 1H NMR analysis is simple and rapid, and only a small amount of plant material is required.Conclusions – Since useful qualitative and quantitative information about the metabolic state of Narcissus bulbs can be obtained by 1H NMR, this method is useful for agricultural applications, and for quality control of raw material used in the pharmaceutical industry. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.