bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differentiation of neural stem cells from human olfactory mucosa into dopaminergic neuron‐like cells
Authors: Ertem Tuğba , Uysal Onur 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop an alternative treatment method for neurodegenerative diseases with dopaminergic neuron loss such as Parkinson's disease by differentiating cells obtained from human olfactory mucosa‐derived neural stem cells (hOM‐NSCs) with neurotrophic agents in vitro. hOM‐NSCs were isolated and subjected to immunophenotypic and MTT analyses. These hOM‐NSCs were then cultured in a 3D environment to form neurospheres. The neurospheres were subjected to immunophenotypic analysis and neuronal differentiation assays. Furthermore, hOM‐NSCs were differentiated into dopaminergic neuron‐like cells in vitro. After differentiation, the dopaminergic neuron‐like cells were subjected to immunophenotypic (TH, MAP2) and genotypic (DAT, PITX3, NURR1, TH) characterization. Flow cytometric analysis showed that NSCs were positive for cell surface markers (CD56, CD133). Immunofluorescence analysis showed that NSCs were positive for markers with neuronal and glial cell characteristics (SOX2, NESTIN, TUBB3, GFAP and NG2). Immunofluorescence analysis after differentiation of hOM‐NSCs into dopaminergic neuron‐like cells in vitro showed that they were positive for a protein specific for dopaminergic neurons (TH). qRT‐PCR analysis showed that the expression of dopaminergic neuron‐specific genes (DAT, TH, PITX3, NURR1) was significantly increased. It was concluded that hOM‐NSCs may be a source of neural stem cells that can be used for cell replacement therapies in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, are resistant to cell culture, can differentiate into neuronal and glial lineage, are easy to obtain and are cost effective.
Effect of Histamine H2 Receptor Antagonists on All‐Cause Mortality in Critically Ill Patients With Essential Hypertension: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Pan Jian‐Mei , Guo Yu , Jiang Fang‐Fang , Xu Ran , Zhang Xin , Cai Wen‐Ke , Yin Sun‐Jun , Wang Ping , Huang Yan‐Hua , Zhang Xue‐Sha , Li Yi‐Hua , Cai Liao , He Gong‐Hao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPrevious studies found that histamine H2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) had blood pressure lowering and cardioprotective effects, but the impact of H2RAs on the survival outcomes of critically ill patients with essential hypertension is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of H2RAs exposure with all‐cause mortality in patients with essential hypertension based on Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III database. A total of 17,739 patients were included, involving 8482 H2RAs users and 9257 non‐H2RAs users. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to improve balance between 2 groups that were exposed to H2RAs or not. Kaplan–Meier survival curves were used to compare the cumulative survival rates and multivariable Cox regression models were performed to evaluate the association between H2RAs exposure and all‐cause mortality. After 1:1 PSM, 4416 pairs of patients were enrolled. The results revealed potentially significant association between H2RAs exposure and decreased 30‐day, 90‐day, and 1‐year mortalities in multivariate analyses (HR = 0.783, 95% CI: 0.696‐0.882 for 30‐day; HR = 0.860, 95% CI: 0.778‐0.950 for 90‐day; and HR = 0.883, 95% CI: 0.811‐0.961 for 1‐year mortality, respectively). Covariate effect analyses showed that the use of H2RAs was more beneficial in essential hypertension patients with age ≥ 60, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, coronary arteriosclerosis, stroke, and acute kidney failure, respectively. In conclusion, H2RAs exposure was related to lower mortalities in critically ill patients with essential hypertension, which provided novel potential strategy for the use of H2RAs in essential hypertension patients.
Exhaled breath condensate contains extracellular vesicles (EVs) that carry miRNA cargos of lung tissue origin that can be selectively purified and analyzed
Authors: Mitchell Megan I. , Ben‐Dov Iddo Z. , Ye Kenny , Liu Christina , Shi Miao , Sadoughi Ali , Shah Chirag , Siddiqui Taha , Okorozo Aham , Gutierrez Martin , Unawane Rashmi , Biamonte Lisa , Parikh Kaushal , Spivack Simon , Loudig Olivier 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLung diseases, including lung cancer, are rising causes of global mortality. Despite novel imaging technologies and the development of biomarker assays, the detection of lung cancer remains a significant challenge. However, the lung communicates directly with the external environment and releases aerosolized droplets during normal tidal respiration, which can be collected, stored and analzsed as exhaled breath condensate (EBC). A few studies have suggested that EBC contains extracellular vesicles (EVs) whose microRNA (miRNA) cargos may be useful for evaluating different lung conditions, but the cellular origin of these EVs remains unknown. In this study, we used nanoparticle tracking, transmission electron microscopy, Western blot analyses and super resolution nanoimaging (ONi) to detect and validate the identity of exhaled EVs (exh‐EVs). Using our customizable antibody‐purification assay, EV‐CATCHER, we initially determined that exh‐EVs can be selectively enriched from EBC using antibodies against three tetraspanins (CD9, CD63 and CD81). Using ONi we also revealed that some exh‐EVs harbour lung‐specific proteins expressed in bronchiolar Clara cells (Clara Cell Secretory Protein [CCSP]) and Alveolar Type II cells (Surfactant protein C [SFTPC]). When conducting miRNA next generation sequencing (NGS) of airway samples collected at five different anatomic levels (i.e., mouth rinse, mouth wash, bronchial brush, bronchoalveolar lavage [BAL] and EBC) from 18 subjects, we determined that miRNA profiles of exh‐EVs clustered closely to those of BAL EVs but not to those of other airway samples. When comparing the miRNA profiles of EVs purified from matched BAL and EBC samples with our three tetraspanins EV‐CATCHER assay, we captured significant miRNA expression differences associated with smoking, asthma and lung tumor status of our subjects, which were also reproducibly detected in EVs selectively purified with our anti‐CCSP/SFTPC EV‐CATCHER assay from the same samples, but that confirmed their lung tissue origin. Our findings underscore that enriching exh‐EV subpopulations from EBC allows non‐invasive sampling of EVs produced by lung tissues.
Clonally unrelated primary large B‐cell lymphomas separated by over a decade involving the central nervous system and testicle: Possible predisposition to lymphomas of immune‐privileged sites?
Authors: George Giby V. , Aldowitz Diana G. , Jajosky Audrey N. , Wallace Danielle S. , Burack W. Richard , Friedberg Jonathan W. , El Hussein Siba 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPrimary large B‐cell lymphomas of immune‐privileged sites (IP‐LBCLs) comprise LBCLs arising within “immune sanctuaries,” including the central nervous system (CNS), vitreoretina, and testes. Although patients present with localized disease, the prognosis remains poor with high relapse rates, either at the originating site or within another immune‐privileged site. Generally, in the presence of an antecedent IP‐LBCL, subsequent LBCLs are expected to be clonally related. However, we present a primary CNS LBCL and later primary testicular LBCL in a middle‐aged man, diagnosed over a decade apart, which proved to be clonally unrelated by targeted ultra‐deep next‐generation sequencing of the IgH locus.
Multicenter comparative study on the usefulness of the optimal electrosurgical unit setting in endoscopic papillectomy for ampullary neoplasms (with video)
Authors: Yamamoto Kenjiro , Itoi Takao , Katanuma Akio , Ishii Tatsuya , Iwasaki Eisuke , Kawasaki Shintaro , Tsuchiya Takayoshi , Tonozuka Ryosuke , Nagai Kazumasa , Mukai Shuntaro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundEndoscopic papillectomy (EP) is less invasive than surgery but procedure‐related adverse events (AEs) still frequently occur. This study compared the benefits of EP using a new optimal endoCUT setting on the VIO (Erbe) electrosurgical unit (VIO‐EP) with those using the conventional electrosurgical unit setting (ICC‐EP, Erbe).MethodsThis multicenter, retrospective, comparative cohort study included 57 patients who underwent VIO‐EP and 91 who underwent ICC‐EP. The primary outcome was occurrence of EP‐related AEs. Secondary outcomes were pathological findings (the resection margins, the R0 resection, and residual lesions).ResultsPancreatitis tended to be less common in the VIO‐EP group (5.3% vs. 9.9%, p = .248). Evaluation of computed tomography images showed that pancreatitis was confined to the pancreatic head in 77.8% of cases in the ICC‐EP group and in 33.3% of those in the VIO‐EP group. After exclusion of cases of delayed bleeding, pancreatitis tended to be less common in the VIO‐EP group; this finding was not statistically significant (2.3% vs. 8.2%, p = .184). In pathological findings, residual lesions were significantly less common in the VIO‐EP group.ConclusionsThe risks of pancreatitis and residual lesions after EP may be lower when the VIO electrosurgical unit is used with the optimal setting.
Quantitative Time‐of‐Flight Head Magnetic Resonance Angiography of Cerebrovascular Disease
Authors: Koktzoglou Ioannis , Ozturk Onural , Walker Matthew T. , Ankenbrandt William J. , Ong Archie L. , Ares William J. , Gil Fulvio R. , Bulwa Zachary B. , Edelman Robert R. 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundStandard Cartesian time‐of‐flight (TOF) head magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is routinely used to evaluate the intracranial arteries, but does not provide quantitative hemodynamic information that is useful for patient risk stratification as well as for monitoring treatment and tracking changes in blood flow over time. Quantitative TOF (qTOF) MRA represents a new and efficient method for simultaneous evaluating the intracranial arteries and quantifying blood flow velocity, but it has not yet been evaluated in patients with cerebrovascular disease.PurposeTo evaluate qTOF for simultaneously evaluating the intracranial arteries and quantifying intracranial blood flow velocity in patients with cerebrovascular disease, without the need for a phase contrast (PC) scan.Study TypeProspective.SubjectsTwenty‐four patients (18 female, 6 male) with cerebrovascular disease.Field Strength/SequencesHead MRA at 3 T using gradient‐echo 3D qTOF, standard Cartesian TOF, and PC protocols.AssessmentThree independent readers assessed arterial image quality using a 4‐point scale (1: non‐diagnostic, 4: excellent) and artifact presence. Total and component flow velocities obtained with qTOF and PC were measured.Statistical TestsWilcoxon signed‐rank tests, Gwet's AC2, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for absolute agreement, Bland–Altman analyses, tests of equal proportions. P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsAveraged across readers and compared to standard Cartesian TOF, qTOF significantly improved overall arterial image quality (3.8 ± 0.2 vs. 3.6 ± 0.5), image quality at locations of pathology (3.7 ± 0.5 vs. 3.4 ± 0.7), and increased the proportion of evaluations rated without artifacts (63.9% [46/72] vs. 37.5% [27/72]). qTOF significantly agreed with PC for total flow velocity (ICC = 0.71) and component flow velocity (ICC = 0.89).Data ConclusionqTOF angiography of the head matched or improved upon the image quality of standard Cartesian TOF, reduced image artifacts, and provided quantitative hemodynamic data, without the need for a PC scan.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 2
Vergence‐accommodation conflict increases time to focus in augmented reality
Authors: Spiegel Daniel P. , Erkelens Ian M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVergence‐accommodation conflicts (VAC) occur in near‐eye displays when the binocular disparity of the 3D rendered content (vergence) does not match the display focal distance (accommodation). VAC has been shown to reduce perceptual image quality, cognitive performance, and oculomotor coordination. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of VAC on visual performance in augmented reality (AR). Specifically, we quantified the impact of AR VAC on the ‘Time to Focus’ (TTF); when the user switches focus between real‐world content and world‐locked AR‐rendered content. Our results show that TTF increases exponentially with VAC. The increase is more pronounced at closer vergence distances in displays with a focal distance of 1 D or longer. Finally, we showed that VAC may have a differential effect across age groups; specifically, older users may be affected more in closer focal and longer vergence distances.
Rapid Compensation for Noisy Voluntary Movements in Adults with Primary Tic Disorders
Authors: Kurvits Lille , Stenner Max‐Philipp , Guo Siqi , Neumann Wolf‐Julian , Haggard Patrick , Ganos Christos 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundIt has been proposed that tics and premonitory urges in primary tic disorders (PTD), like Tourette syndrome, are a manifestation of sensorimotor noise. However, patients with tics show no obvious movement imprecision in everyday life. One reason could be that patients have strategies to compensate for noise that disrupts performance (ie, noise that is task‐relevant).ObjectivesOur goal was to unmask effects of elevated sensorimotor noise on the variability of voluntary movements in patients with PTD.MethodsWe tested 30 adult patients with PTD (23 male) and 30 matched controls in a reaching task designed to unmask latent noise. Subjects reached to targets whose shape allowed for variability either in movement direction or extent. This enabled us to decompose variability into task‐relevant versus less task‐relevant components, where the latter should be less affected by compensatory strategies than the former. In alternating blocks, the task‐relevant target dimension switched, allowing us to explore the temporal dynamics with which participants adjusted movement variability to changes in task demands.ResultsBoth groups accurately reached to targets, and adjusted movement precision based on target shape. However, when task‐relevant dimensions of the target changed, patients initially produced movements that were more variable than controls, before regaining precision after several reaches. This effect persisted across repeated changes in the task‐relevant dimension across the experiment, and therefore did not reflect an effect of novelty, or differences in learning.ConclusionsOur results suggest that patients with PTD generate noisier voluntary movements compared with controls, but rapidly compensate according to current task demands. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
White Matter Microstructural Underpinnings of Mild Behavioral Impairment in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Monchi Oury , Pinilla‐Monsalve Gabriel D. , Almgren Hannes , Ghahremani Maryam , Kibreab Mekale , Maarouf Nadia , Kathol Iris , Boré Arnaud , Rheault François , Descoteaux Maxime , Ismail Zahinoor 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundPatients with Parkinson's disease (PD) experience changes in behavior, personality, and cognition that can manifest even in the initial stages of the disease. Previous studies have suggested that mild behavioral impairment (MBI) should be considered an early marker of cognitive decline. However, the precise neurostructural underpinnings of MBI in early‐ to mid‐stage PD remain poorly understood.ObjectiveThe aim was to explore the changes in white matter microstructure linked to MBI and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in early‐ to mid‐stage PD using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI).MethodsA total of 91 PD patients and 36 healthy participants were recruited and underwent anatomical MRI and dMRI, a comprehensive neuropsychological battery, and the completion of the Mild Behavioral Impairment‐Checklist. Metrics of white matter integrity included tissue fractional anisotropy (FAt) and radial diffusivity (RDt), free water (FW), and fixel‐based apparent fiber density (AFD).ResultsThe connection between the left amygdala and the putamen was disrupted when comparing PD patients with MBI (PD‐MBI) to PD‐non‐MBI, as evidenced by increased RDt (η2 = 0.09, P = 0.004) and both decreased AFD (η2 = 0.05, P = 0.048) and FAt (η2 = 0.12, P = 0.014). Compared to controls, PD patients with both MBI and MCI demonstrated increased FW for the connection between the left orbitofrontal gyrus (OrG) and the hippocampus (η2 = 0.22, P = 0.008), augmented RDt between the right OrG and the amygdala (η2 = 0.14, P = 0.008), and increased RDt (η2 = 0.25, P = 0.028) with decreased AFD (η2 = 0.10, P = 0.046) between the right OrG and the caudate nucleus.ConclusionMBI is associated with abnormal microstructure of connections involving the orbitofrontal cortex, putamen, and amygdala. To our knowledge, this is the first assessment of the white matter microstructure in PD‐MBI using dMRI. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Protective Effect of Egg Yolk Lipids against Dextran Sulfate Sodium‐Induced Colitis: The Key Role of Gut Microbiota and Short‐Chain Fatty Acids
Authors: Xiao Nanhai , He Wen , Chen Shuping , Yao Yao , Wu Na , Xu Mingsheng , Du Huaying , Zhao Yan , Tu Yonggang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEgg yolk lipids significantly alleviate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‐induced colitis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome, reversing gut microbiota dysbiosis, and increasing short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentrations. However, the role of gut microbiota and the relationship between SCFAs and NLRP3 inflammasome are still unknown. Here, this study confirms that antibiotic treatment abolishes the protective effect of egg yolk lipids on DSS‐induced colonic inflammation, intestinal barrier damage, and lipopolysaccharide translocation. Fecal microbiota transplantation also supports that egg yolk lipids alleviate colitis in a gut microbiota‐dependent manner. Then, the study investigates the relationship between SCFAs and NLRP3 inflammasome, and finds that SCFAs significantly suppress colitis via inhibiting colonic NLRP3 inflammasome activation and proinflammatory cytokines secretions (interleukin, IL)‐1β and IL‐18, and combined treatment of SCFAs and MCC950 (NLRP3 inhibitor) shows a better activity against colitis and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Together, these findings provide positive evidence for gut microbiorta‐SCFAs‐NLRP3 axis as a novel target involving in the therapy of inflammatory bowel disease.
Spatial and temporal distribution of juvenile Gulf Sturgeon in the Pearl River, Louisiana, and adjacent estuaries of the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Baer Ashley M. , Constant Glenn C. , Kimmel Kayla D. , Dance Michael A. , Brogdon Jenna N. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective
Acoustic telemetry was used to examine the spatial-temporal distribution and anadromous migration pattern of juvenile Gulf Sturgeon Acipenser desotoi within the Pearl River and associated coastal estuaries of Louisiana and Mississippi.

Methods
Acoustic transmitters were surgically implanted in 52 juvenile Gulf Sturgeon (&lt;890 mm fork length) from the Pearl River between 2016 and 2019. Sturgeon were monitored on 247 acoustic receivers in the lower Pearl River and adjacent estuaries across numerous partnering arrays.

Result
Juveniles were detected on receivers from Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana, east to Bay St. Louis, and Biloxi Bay, Mississippi. The 3-year study found that juvenile Gulf Sturgeon migration in the Pearl River occurred on cycles similar to those reported from other populations. Juveniles were rarely observed in the estuary and nearshore marine environments from May through mid-October of each year, during which time most sturgeon inhabited the Pearl River. Conversely, most of the juveniles inhabited coastal estuaries from December through February of each year and were rarely observed in freshwater environments during this period. Migration from the river into the estuary occurred during late-October through November, and migration from the estuary into the river occurred in March and April. Distribution patterns varied spatially within the river and estuary ecosystems during each phase of migration. Tagged juveniles occupied the lowest 40 km of the Pearl River while in freshwater, and they occupied the northeastern shoreline of Lake Pontchartrain and Bay St. Louis while in the estuary. Interestingly, juveniles seemed to target specific areas in the estuary during winter that were farther away from the mouth of natal rivers than has been previously reported.

Conclusion
This study provides a new assessment of juvenile Gulf Sturgeon migration and seasonal distribution for the Pearl River and provides important information for designing and assessing the potential benefits and challenges of habitat restoration for Gulf Sturgeon.
Enhancing CFRP laminates with plasma jet arrays: A study of interlaminar mechanical properties
Authors: Wang Anyu , Li Shuran , Zhang Shuo , Zhang Shihao , Liu Zhen , Yan Keping 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study delves into the efficacy of plasma jet array treatment in bolstering the interlaminar toughness of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) prepregs, a crucial parameter for their deployment in high‐performance domains. Employing high‐frequency pulsed microsecond plasma jet arrays for surface modification, this research not only demonstrated a 19.49% upsurge in peak load capacity but also a remarkable 29.94% enhancement in Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness, as evident from Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) tests. Furthermore, the surface wettability improvements were underscored by a substantial decrease in water contact angle from 108.33° to 31.45° and a total surface energy augmentation from 12.20 to 64.16 mN/m, post a 1‐min plasma treatment. X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) results indicated an appreciable rise in oxygen functionalities, suggesting enhanced resin‐fiber bonding. Additionally, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses revealed notable decreases in surface roughness and microscale defects, contributing to smoother surfaces conducive to better adhesive bonding and reduced manufacturing defects. These multifaceted improvements, stemming from alterations in surface chemistry and topography, underpin the significant potential of plasma treatment in advancing CFRP laminate applications requiring superior durability and mechanical resilience.Highlights
A plasma jet arrays method to enhance CFRP's interlaminar properties was studied.
The influence mechanism of plasma modification was revealed in detail.
The interlayer toughening mechanism of CFRP after plasma modification is proposed.