bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal correlates of 2‐year‐old American Indian children's social‐emotional development in a Northern Plains tribe
Authors: Sarche Michelle C. , Croy Calvin D. , Crow Cecelia Big , Mitchell Christina M. , Spicer Paul 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe developmental experiences of very young American Indian children today are not well documented in the current literature. The present study sought to explore the social‐emotional development of American Indian toddlers living on a Northern Plains reservation, as a function of maternal variables. Mothers completed self‐report questionnaires about their experiences and their children's development. Observer ratings of children's development also were conducted. Maternal stress, substance use/abuse, perceptions of stress in the mother–child relationship, social support, and American Indian cultural identity were significantly related to children's social‐emotional development. This study is the first to explore these relationships in a Northern Plains American Indian sample of young children and their mothers. Results suggest possible points of intervention for improving the developmental outcomes of very young American Indian children.
Caregiving behavior and interactions of prenatally depressed mothers (antidepressant‐treated and non‐antidepressant‐treated) during newborn acute pain
Authors: Warnock Fay F. , Bakeman Roger , Shearer Kim , Misri Shaila , Oberlander Tim 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis exploratory study aimed to examine time‐based measures of the behaviors and interactions of prenatally depressed serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRI)‐medicated mothers to their infant's pain (n = 10) by comparing them with similar measures obtained from prenatally depressed nonmedicated mothers and their infants (n = 10), and nondepressed mothers and their infants (n = 10). During the second trimester of their pregnancy, the 30 study mothers were assessed for depression and anxiety, with no further measures of maternal mood taken. Maternal and infant interactions were continuously videorecorded while the infant underwent a scheduled heel lance for routine blood screening that occurred when study infants were between the ages of 24 and 60 hr. Maternal behavior and infant cry, for all 30 cases, were coded second‐by‐second for the full duration of each infant's heel lance using a reliable coding system and analyzed using odds ratio and regression analyses. Infants exposed to prenatal SRIs and depressed maternal mood were more likely to have lower Apgar scores and to exhibit weak and absent cry. Even when duration of the heel lance was controlled for, women with depression during the second trimester were more likely to exhibit depressed behavior at 2 days' postpartum despite sustained SRI antidepressant treatment. Both groups of prenatally depressed mothers were more likely to exhibit diminished response to their infants' pain cue although nonmedicated mothers' expressions of depressed behavior were more similar to healthy controls. Comprehensive understanding is essential to optimize the clinical care of mothers and their infants in this complex setting. This study contributes preliminary new findings that warrant prospective and longitudinal studies to clarify further the impacts of prenatal SRI and maternal mental mood (e.g., chronic depression and anxiety) effects on the mother–infant interaction and infant pain and stress reactivity.
Swelling properties of copolymeric hydrogels of poly(ethylene glycol) monomethacrylate and monoesters of itaconic acid for use in drug delivery
Authors: Teijón César , Guerrero Sandra , Olmo Rosa , Teijón José M. , Blanco M. Dolores 
Published: July 2009

AbstractCopolymeric hydrogels of poly(ethylene glycol) monomethacrylate (PEGMA) (P) have been synthesized for use in drug‐delivery. New copolymeric hydrogels were prepared by free radical solution polymerization of PEGMA and monomethyl itaconate (MMI) or monoethyl itaconate (MEI), using ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate and tetraethyleneglycol dimethacrylate, respectively, as cross‐linkers. The effect of copolymer composition on swelling behavior, thermal decomposition and drug release was studied. Three compositions of each copolymer were studied: 70P/30MMI (or MEI), 80P/20MMI (or MEI) and 90P/10MMI (or MEI). The largest equilibrium swelling degree was observed in gels containing the highest content of MMI or MEI (84.22 ± 0.22 wt % for 70P/30MEI; 79.56 ± 0.64 wt % for 70P/30MMI). The swelling process was in accordance with Fick's Second Law. Methotrexate (MTX), an anticancer agent used in the treatment of different hyperproliferative epithelial diseases, was chosen to be loaded in the gels. The drug was included by immersion of the copolymeric disks in an aqueous solution of the drug. The amount of MTX in the xerogels was between 5.34 ± 0.06 mg MTX/g (90P/10MMI) and 14.94 ± 0.91 mg MTX/g (80P/20MEI). Two stages of thermal degradation for unloaded and MTX‐loaded gels were determined; the presence of the drug in the polymeric matrices decreased the temperature of the first stage of thermal degradation. MTX release was also in accordance with Fick's Second Law. The length of total drug release (340 ± 30 min–1502 ± 81 min) could be modulated as a function of the comonomer composition of the hydrogel. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
The effects of fiber size on MG63 cells cultured with collagen based matrices
Authors: Hsu Yuan‐Ming , Chen Chun‐Nan , Chiu Jeng‐Jiann , Chang Shih‐Hsin , Wang Yng‐Jiin 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe behavior of human osteoblast‐like MG63 cells cultured on electrospun collagen fibers of three different sizes (50–200 nm, 200–500 nm, and 500–1000 nm in diameter) were investigated. The growth of MG63 cells on all three electrospun collagen fibers are the same and about 70% higher than those cultured on monomeric collagen and tissue‐culture polystyrene (TCPS). The migration speed of MG63 cells, on the other hand, decreased as the diameter of nanofibers increased. There were more distinct actin stress fibers formed in MG63 cells when the cells cultured on collagen substrates as compared with TCPS. In addition, MG63 cells displayed different adhesion and spreading patterns on different sizes of collagen fibers. Size variation of collagen nanofibers apparently has more impact on cell migration distance and cell morphology as compared with cell growth. It was demonstrated that collagen nanofibers promoted MG63 cell interaction with matrices by providing a suitably rough nanometer surface. The results of this study present important information for the development of collagen‐based biomaterials. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
A comparative assessment of synthetic ceramic bone substitutes with different composition and microstructure in rabbit femoral condyle model
Authors: Yamasaki Naomi , Hirao Makoto , Nanno Katsuhiko , Sugiyasu Kenjiro , Tamai Noriyuki , Hashimoto Nobuyuki , Yoshikawa Hideki , Myoui Akira 
Published: July 2009

AbstractVarious bone substitutes with improved biocompatibility have been developed. Because these products vary in composition and microstructure, it is difficult to understand each feature and make an appropriate selection. Three recently developed highly porous ceramic bone substitutes were evaluated, including two made of hydroxyapatite with different structures (Apaceram‐AX®: 85%‐porosity with micropores, NEOBONE®: 75%‐porosity without micropores) and one composed of β‐tricalcium phosphate (OSferion®: 75%‐porosity with micropores) in a rabbit model. Apaceram‐AX showed gradual degradation, while NEOBONE remaining intact. OSferion was almost completely degraded at 24 weeks. Numerous osteoclasts were detected in materials with micropores, whether Apaceram‐AX or OSferion, but not in NEOBONE. These differences of biodegradability seemed to be related to the presence of micropores. The compressive strength of OSferion increased for several weeks and decreased at a level of cancellous bone. The strength of NEOBONE gradually increased and remained at the highest level among three. The strength of Apaceram‐AX increased two to three times that of cancellous bone. Surprisingly, the strength of all materials declined during the initial 1 week, suggesting that great care should be taken in the early period after implantation. These findings may help surgeons to select an appropriate porous substitute based on understanding of their features. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
Polycaprolactone coated porous tricalcium phosphate scaffolds for controlled release of protein for tissue engineering
Authors: Xue Weichang , Bandyopadhyay Amit , Bose Susmita 
Published: July 2009

AbstractPolycaprolactone (PCL) was coated on porous tricalcium phosphate (TCP) scaffolds to achieve controlled protein delivery. Porous TCP scaffolds were fabricated using reticulated polyurethane foam as sacrificial scaffold with a porosity of 70–90 vol %. PCL was coated on sintered porous TCP scaffolds by dipping‐drying process. The compressive strength of TCP scaffolds increased significantly after PCL coating. The highest strength of 2.41 MPa at a porosity of 70% was obtained for the TCP scaffold coated with 5% PCL solution. Model protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) was encapsulated efficiently within the PCL coating. The amount of BSA encapsulation was controlled by varying proteins' composition in the PCL coating. The FTIR analysis confirmed that BSA retained its structural conformation and did not show significant denaturization during PCL coating. The release kinetics in phosphate buffer solution indicated that the protein release was controlled and sustained, and primarily dependant on protein concentration encapsulated in the PCL coating. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
A theoretical study of topomerization of imine systems: Inversion, rotation or mixed mechanisms?
Authors: Gálvez Jesús , Guirado Antonio 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe different mechanisms, rotation, inversion, or intermediate mechanism, by which occur the topomerization of imine systems R2 CNX have been studied by applying ab initio, B3LYP, and MP2 methods. The effect of a wide variety of substituents R and X on the isomerization pathway have been examined by computing fully optimized structures of the ground and transition states (136 isomers belonging to different imine families were studied and more than 300 transition structures were determined at various levels of theory). Energy barriers have been also obtained and it was found that the groups R and X have a strong influence on the type of mechanism involved and the activation energies. Thus, and depending on the type of substituents, transition state structures related to the following kinds of processes were found: pure inversion, intermediate mechanisms, rotation, and enhanced rotation (hyper‐rotation). In turn, the corresponding activation energies range between very low (<10 kcal/mol) and extremely high (> 70 kcal/mol) values. A simple index that allows us to quantify the percentage of inversion or rotation mechanism is proposed. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010
Biembeddings of Abelian groups
Authors: Grannell M. J. , Knor M. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWe prove that, with the single exception of the 2‐group C, the Cayley table of each Abelian group appears in a face 2‐colorable triangular embedding of a complete regular tripartite graph in an orientable surface. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 18: 71–83, 2010
Cognitive behavioral therapy of negative symptoms
Authors: Perivoliotis Dimitri , Cather Corinne 
Published: July 2009

AbstractNegative symptoms account for much of the functional disability associated with schizophrenia and often persist despite pharmacological treatment. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a promising adjunctive psychotherapy for negative symptoms. The treatment is based on a cognitive formulation in which negative symptoms arise and are maintained by dysfunctional beliefs that are a reaction to the neurocognitive impairment and discouraging life events frequently experienced by individuals with schizophrenia. This article outlines recent innovations in tailoring CBT for negative symptoms and functioning, including the use of a strong goal‐oriented recovery approach, in‐session exercises designed to disconfirm dysfunctional beliefs, and adaptations to circumvent neurocognitive and engagement difficulties. A case illustration is provided. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 65:1–16, 2009.
Highly stable Pt nanoparticle catalyst supported by polyphenol‐grafted collagen fiber and its catalytic application in the hydrogenation of olefins
Authors: Wu Hao , Tang Rui , He Qiang , Liao Xuepin , Shi Bi 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Collagen fiber (CF) is a potential biopolymer support for preparing Pt nanoparticle catalyst. Previous work has shown that the interaction between CF and platinum group metals is not strong enough to fully immobilize these metals. Therefore, epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG), which contains multiple orthophenolic hydroxyls, was grafted onto the surface of CF in order to enhance the immobilization of Pt nanoparticles on CF. The methods of preparing EGCG‐grafted CF (EGCG‐CF) and EGCG‐CF supported Pt nanoparticle catalyst (Pt‐EGCG‐CF) were optimized. The catalytic activity and selectivity of Pt‐EGCG‐CF for hydrogenation of typical olefins were investigated.RESULTS: Scanning electron microscopy displayed the ordered fibrous morphology of Pt‐EGCG‐CF. The presence of EGCG grafted on the CF surface and the coordinate interaction of EGCG and Pt were confirmed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analyses showed that Pt nanoparticles with diameter 1–3 nm were uniformly dispersed on the outer surface of CF. Hydrogenation of olefins catalyzed by Pt‐EGCG‐CF was conducted under mild conditions. This heterogeneous catalyst exhibited outstanding activity and nearly 100% selectivity for the hydrogenation of CC double bonds. Moreover, this catalyst presented satisfactory reusability and storage stability in air.CONCLUSION: An efficient method has been established to prepare a highly active, selective and stable Pt nanoparticle catalyst for the hydrogenation of olefins using EGCG‐grafted CF as a bio‐support. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Prenatal findings of concomitant duodenal and esophageal atresia without tracheoesophageal fistula (Gross type A)
Authors: Mitani Yasuyuki , Hasegawa Toshimichi , Kubota Akio , Kawahara Hisayoshi , Yoneda Akihiro , Nose Keisuke , Nomura Motonari 
Published: July 2009

AbstractPrenatal diagnosis of concomitant duodenal atresia (DA) and esophageal atresia (EA) without tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) (Gross type A) is very rare. We describe prenatal findings of one such case. Sonographic examination of a 26‐week fetus showed a double cystic structure and an intrathoracic cyst. MRI and ultrasound at 26 weeks and 2 days' gestation showed shrinkage of the stomach and duodenum, massive ascites, and the presence of dilated pouch‐like structure in the thoracic inlet level, consistent with an upper pouch sign. Polyhydramnios was detected at 30 weeks' gestation. Prenatal diagnosis was concomitant DA and an intrathoracic anomaly such as congenital hiatal hernia, diaphragmatic hernia, esophageal duplication or EA. A boy was delivered at 38 weeks' gestation. Physical examination showed a markedly distended abdomen and imperforate anus. Emergency surgery revealed existing DA and EA without TEF (Gross type A). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2009
Acyclic edge chromatic number of outerplanar graphs
Authors: Hou Jian‐Feng , Wu Jian‐Liang , Liu Gui‐Zhen , Liu Bin 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA proper edge coloring of a graph G is called acyclic if there is no 2‐colored cycle in G. The acyclic edge chromatic number of G, denoted by χ(G), is the least number of colors in an acyclic edge coloring of G. In this paper, we determine completely the acyclic edge chromatic number of outerplanar graphs. The proof is constructive and supplies a polynomial time algorithm to acyclically color the edges of any outerplanar graph G using χ(G) colors. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 64: 22–36, 2010
The morphology of prehatching embryos ofCaecilia orientalis(Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Caeciliidae)
Authors: Pérez Oscar D. , Lai Ngan Betty , Buckley David , del Pino Eugenia M. , Wake Marvalee H. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe state of development of advanced embryos of the direct‐developing Ecuadorian caecilianCaecilia orientalis(Caeciliidae: Gymnophiona: Amphibia) was examined. Because it is established that development is correlated with reproductive modes in a number of features, we included comparison with taxa that represent the major reproductive modes and all of the modern normal tables and ossification sequences. The embryos ofC. orientalismost closely resemble those of stage 47/48Gegeneophis ramaswamii,an Indian caeciliid, and stage 47/48Hypogeophis rostratus,a Seychellian caeciliid, both direct developers, in details of bone mineralization, chondrocranial degeneration, and vertebrogenesis. They are most like stage 45H. rostratusin external features (gills, pigmentation, etc.). They are less similar to prehatchings ofIchthyophis kohtaoensis,an ichthyophiid with free‐living larvae, and to fetuses of the viviparous caeciliidDermophis mexicanusand the viviparous typhlonectidTyphlonectes compressicaudaat comparable total lengths in both skeletal development and external features. The similarity of developmental features among the direct‐developers suggests a correlation with mode of life history. A noteworthy feature is thatC. orientalishas an armature of multiple rows of teeth on the lower jaw with tooth crowns that resemble the “fetal” teeth of viviparous taxa and that are covered with a layer of oral mucosal epithelium until full development and eruption, but the upper jaw bears a single row of widely spaced, elongate, slightly recurved teeth that resemble those of the adult. J. Morphol., 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tensile forces at the porcine anterior meniscal horn attachment
Authors: Stärke Christian , Kopf Sebastian , Gröbel Karl‐Heinz , Becker Roland 
Published: July 2009

AbstractTibiofemoral compression causes circumferential tension in the knee meniscus, which is transferred to the tibial bone at the anterior and posterior attachments. The objective of the study was to measure the resulting tensile forces at the horn attachment in a porcine model. The anterior horn attachment of the porcine medial meniscus (n = 10) was separated from the surrounding bone with a core reamer. A force transducer was installed such that tensile forces acting upon the now mobile horn attachment could be measured. The tibiofemoral joint was loaded in compression, starting at a preload of 30 N, with three 150‐N increments, giving 180, 330, and 480 N load. Flexion angles of 0, 30, and 60° were investigated. The average resultant tension at the horn attachment was 26.3, 40.6, and 55.4 N with full extension, 29.2, 47.8, and 62.2 N at 30° flexion and 30.1, 49.6, and 68.1 N at 60° flexion. The tibiofemoral compression had a significant effect on the tension (p < 0.001), whereas no influence of the flexion angle was found (p = 0.291). The study demonstrates that tibiofemoral compressive loads cause considerable tensile forces at the anterior meniscal horn attachment. The data are of interest for models of the repair or replacement of the knee menisci. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:1619–1624, 2009
Microbial nitrogen‐turnover processes within the soil profile of a nitrogen‐saturated spruce forest and their relation to the small‐scale pattern of seepage‐water nitrate
Authors: Matejek Boris , Huber Christian , Dannenmann Michael , Kohlpaintner Michael , Gasche Rainer , Göttlein Axel , Papen Hans 
Published: July 2009

AbstractMicrobial N‐turnover processes were investigated in three different forest soil layers [organic (O) layer, 0–10 cm depth (M1), 10–40 cm depth (M2)] of a N‐saturated spruce stand at the Höglwald Forest (Bavaria, SW Germany). The aim of the study was to provide a detailed insight into soil‐layer‐specific microbial production and consumption of inorganic N within the main rooting zone. Furthermore, we intended to clarify the relevance of each investigated soil layer on the observed high spatial variation of seepage‐water nitrate (NO$ _3^- $) concentration at 40 cm depth. The 15N‐pool dilution technique was applied for determination of gross and net N‐turnover rates in the different soil layers. Moreover, soil pH, C : N ratio, pool sizes of soil ammonium (NH$ _4^+ $) and NO$ _3^- $, as well as amounts of microbial biomass C (Cmic) and N (Nmic) were determined. The O layer had the greatest microbial‐biomass density along with the highest gross and net N‐turnover rates. 55% of the net nitrification occurred in the O layer, 20% in M1, and 25% in M2 (i.e., a considerable amount of net NO$ _3^- $ production was located in the mineral soil). Spatial variability of N‐turnover rates even increased with increasing soil depth due to higher spatial variation of microbial biomass and C and N contents in soil. NH$ _4^+ $ and NO$ _3^- $ concentrations in the organic layer as well as NO$ _3^- $ concentrations in M2 were significantly correlated with NO$ _3^- $ concentrations in seepage water at 40 cm depth. However, no significant correlation between NO$ _3^- $ concentrations in seepage water and any N‐turnover process was found. We suggest that in contrast to in situ field measurements the dislocation of the soil samples from their natural environment may have altered the spatial variability of N‐turnover rates.
Local and systemic control of Ewing's bone sarcoma family tumors of the ribs
Authors: Briccoli Antonio , Rocca Michele , Salone Mariacristina , Palmerini Emanuela , Balladelli Alba , Ferrari Cristina , Di Fiore Maria , Bacci Gaetano 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackgroundA retrospective analysis of the results and relapse pattern was evaluated in 34 patients with Ewing's family bone tumors (EFBT) treated at Rizzoli Institute with neoadjuvant chemotherapy between 1983 and 2003.ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to evaluate treatment strategy and compare our results with those obtained in other studies.MethodsLocal treatment in these patients was radiotherapy alone in 4 cases, surgery alone in 13 and surgery followed by radiotherapy in 17.ResultsFive‐year event‐free survival (EFS) was 44%, no different from that observed in another 558 patients with EFBT located in other sites treated in the same period with neoadjuvant chemotherapy protocols. Eighteen patients had a systemic relapse, followed by local relapse in two and one patient had a local relapse alone. EFS was significantly correlated to the time interval between onset symptoms and beginning of treatment and, in operated patients to histologic response to preoperative treatment.ConclusionsWe conclude that EFBT of the ribs, when treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, have an outcome similar to that of patients with EFBT located in other sites. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;100:222–226. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.