bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute exercise adjustments of cardiovascular autonomic control in diabetic rats
Authors: Da Pureza Demilto Yamagushi , Jorge Luciana , Sanches Iris Callado , Irigoyen Maria‐cláudia , De Souza Romeu Rodrigues , De Angelis Kátia 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIntroduction: We evaluated the role of cardiovascular autonomic changes in hemodynamics at rest and in response to exercise in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into nondiabetic (ND, n = 8) and diabetic (D, n = 8) groups. Arterial pressure signals were recorded in the basal state and after atropine or propranolol injections at rest, during exercise and during recovery. Results: At rest, vagal tonus was reduced in D (37 ± 3 bpm) in comparison with the ND group (61 ± 9 bpm). Heart rate during exercise was lower in D in relation to ND rats associated with reduced vagal withdrawal in the D group. The D rats had an increase in vagal tonus in the recovery period (49 ± 6 bpm). Conclusions: Exercise‐induced hemodynamic adjustment impairment in diabetic rats was associated with reduced cardiac vagal control. The vagal dysfunction was attenuated after aerobic exercise, reinforcing the positive role of this approach in the management of cardiovascular risk in diabetics. Muscle Nerve 46: 96–101, 2012
Diffusion tensor MRI to assess skeletal muscle disruption following eccentric exercise
Authors: Cermak Naomi M. , Noseworthy Michael D. , Bourgeois Jacqueline M. , Tarnopolsky Mark A. , Gibala Martin J. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIntroduction: Structural evidence of exercise‐induced muscle disruption has traditionally involved histological analysis of muscle tissue obtained by needle biopsy, however, there are multiple limitations with this technique. Recently, diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT‐MRI) has been successfully demonstrated to noninvasively assess skeletal muscle abnormalities induced by traumatic injury. Methods: To determine the potential for DT‐MRI to detect musculoskeletal changes after a bout of eccentric exercise, 10 healthy men performed 300 eccentric actions on an isokinetic dynamometer. DT‐MRI measurements and muscle biopsies from the vastus lateralis were obtained before and 24 h post‐exercise. Results: Z‐band streaming was higher 24 h post‐exercise compared with baseline (P < 0.05). The histological indices of damage coincided with changes in DT‐MRI parameters of fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient; reflecting altered skeletal muscle geometry (P < 0.05). Z‐band streaming quantified per fiber correlated with FA (r = −0.512; P < 0.05). Conclusions: DT‐MRI can detect changes in human skeletal muscle structure following eccentric exercise. Muscle Nerve 46: 42–50, 2012
A family of realizability criteria for the real and symmetric nonnegative inverse eigenvalue problem
Authors: Soto Ricardo L. 
Published: December 2011

SUMMARYA new realizability criterion for the real nonnegative inverse eigenvalue problemis introduced. This criterion is a nontrivial extension of a powerful previous sufficient condition, based on negativity compensation. If the criterion is satisfied, then we can always construct a realizing matrix. It is also proved that this new criterion is easily adaptable to be sufficient for the construction of a symmetric nonnegative matrixwith given spectrum. In a natural way, the criterion extends to a family of sufficient conditions for the problem to have a solution. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gene amplification ofESR1in breast cancers—fact or fiction? A fluorescencein situhybridization and multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification study
Authors: Ooi Akishi , Inokuchi Masafumi , Harada Shinichi , Inazawa Johji , Tajiri Ryousuke , Kitamura Seiko Sawada‐ , Ikeda Hiroko , Kawashima Hiroko , Dobashi Yoh 
Published: December 2011

AbstractOestrogen receptor‐alpha (ERα), encoded by theESR1gene located on 6q25, is a nuclear transcription factor. Since it was reported in 2007 that more than 20% of breast cancers showESR1gene amplification, there has been considerable controversy about its frequency and clinical significance. We set out to assess the frequency and levels ofESR1amplification in breast cancers. In a total of 106 breast needle biopsy specimens examined by immunohistochemistry, 78 tumours contained more than 10% ERα‐positive cancer cells. In fluorescencein situhybridization (FISH) analysis with anESR1‐specific probe, variously extendedESR1signals were found in ERα‐expressing cells. Some of these were indistinguishable from large clustered signals generally accepted to mean high‐level gene amplification in homogeneously staining regions (HSRs), and could be considered to represent gene amplification. However, with RNase treatment, the ‘HSR‐like’ signals changed to small compact signals, and are thus thought to represent concentrated RNA. FISH using two differently labelled probes corresponding to the non‐overlapping 5′‐ and 3′‐end portions of theESR1gene on touch smears showed a preserved spatial relationship of the 3′ to 5′ sequence ofESR1, therefore strongly suggesting that the RNA consisted of primary transcripts. Using touch smears obtained from 51 fresh tumours, precise enumeration ofESR1signals with a correction by the number of centromere 6 on FISH after RNase A treatment revealed that three tumours (5.9%) had tumour cells with one to three additional copies ofESR1as predominant subpopulations. This infrequent and low level of gene amplification ofESR1was also detected as a ‘gain’ of the gene by analysis with multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA). The consistent results from immunohistochemistry, FISH, and MLPA in the present study settle the long‐standing debate concerning gene amplification ofESR1in breast carcinoma. Copyright © 2012 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the formation mechanism for electrically generated exciplexes in a carbazole–pyridine copolymer
Authors: Hayer Anna , Van Regemorter Tanguy , Höfer Bianca , Mak Chris S. K. , Beljonne David , Köhler Anna 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAlthough carbazole‐containing copolymers are frequently used as hole‐transporting host materials for polymer organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), they often suffer from the formation of undesired exciplexes when the OLED is operated. The reason why exciplexes sometimes form for electrical excitation, yet not for optical excitation is not well understood. Here, we use luminescence measurements and quantum chemical calculations to investigate the mechanism of such exciplex formation for electrical excitation (electroplex formation) in a carbazole–pyridine copolymer. Our results suggest that the exciplex is formed via a positively charged interchain precursor complex. This complex is stabilized by interactions that involve the nitrogen lone pairs on both chain segments. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2012
Soft bacterial polyester‐based shape memory nanocomposites featuring reconfigurable nanostructure
Authors: Ishida Kazuki , Hortensius Rebecca , Luo Xiaofan , Mather Patrick T. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIn this work, a novel soft shape memory polymer nanocomposite derived from a bacterial medium‐chain‐length polyhydroxyalkanoate, poly(3‐hydroxyoctanoate‐co‐3‐hydroxyundecenoate) (PHOU), used to form a covalent network grafted with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS), a crystallizable inorganic–organic hybrid nanofiller, was prepared. The PHOU–POSS nanocomposite, PHOU–POSSw‐net [w (= POSS content, wt %) = 0, 20, 25, 30, and 38], is a completely amorphous elastomer (w ≤ 20) or contains POSS nanocrystals embedded in the amorphous PHOU matrix (w ≥ 25). The hybrid nanostructure of PHOU–POSSw‐net (w ≥ 25) is featured by its reconfigurability, based on aggregation and disaggregation of POSS covalently connected to the PHOU network, which enables excellent shape fixing and recovery. Furthermore, it exhibits soft and elastomeric mechanical properties even in the fixed state. Taking advantage of the shape memory ability as well as the softness in the fixed state, we demonstrate microscale dynamic surface topography of PHOU–POSSw‐net. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2012
Factors associated with psychological distress following colposcopy among women with low‐grade abnormal cervical cytology: a prospective study within the Trial Of Management of Borderline and Other Low‐grade Abnormal smears (TOMBOLA)
Authors: Sharp Linda , Cotton Seonaidh , Carsin Anne‐Elie , Gray Nicola , Thornton Alison , Cruickshank Margaret , Little Julian ,   on behalf of the TOMBOLA Group
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about psychological after‐effects of colposcopy and associated investigations and treatment in women with low‐grade abnormal cervical cytology. We investigated psychological distress following colposcopy and related procedures.MethodsNine hundred and eighty‐nine women aged 20–59 years with routine cytology showing low‐grade abnormalities were recruited to the Trial of Management of Borderline and other Low‐grade Abnormal smears and attended colposcopy. If the cervical transformation zone (TZ) was colposcopically abnormal, women had immediate loop excision or diagnostic punch biopsies, with treatment if these showed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2/3 (CIN2/3). Women completed socio‐demographic and psychosocial questionnaires at recruitment and before colposcopy. Six weeks after their last procedure, women completed the Impact of Event Scale (IES). Logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with significant psychological distress (IES ≥ 9). Analyses were stratified by colposcopic impression.ResultsThe response rate was 74%. Six weeks after the last procedure, 86 (21%) of 391 women with a normal TZ had significant distress compared with 144 (42%) of 337 with an abnormal TZ. In both groups, significant distress was associated with anxiety pre‐colposcopy and pain or discharge afterwards. Additional variables predicting distress in women with a normal TZ were worries about having sex and dissatisfaction with support from others. In women with an abnormal TZ, additional predictors of distress were younger age, CIN2/3, bleeding following colposcopy and worries about having cancer.ConclusionsSubstantial proportions of women experience psychological distress after colposcopy and related procedures, even when the colposcopy is normal. This is an important cost of cervical screening. Interventions to alleviate these adverse psychological effects are required. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Respiratory and cardiovascular indicators of autonomic nervous system dysregulation in familial dysautonomia
Authors: Carroll Michael S. , Kenny Anna S. , Patwari Pallavi P. , Ramirez Jan‐Marino , Weese‐Mayer Debra E. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractFamilial dysautonomia (FD) is a profound sensory and autonomic nervous system disorder associated with an increased risk for sudden death. While bradycardia resulting from loss of sympathetic tone has been hypothesized to play a role in this mortality, extended in‐home monitoring has failed to find evidence of low heart rates in children with FD. In order to better characterize the specific cardio‐respiratory pathophysiology and autonomic dysregulation in patients with FD, 25 affected children and matched controls were studied with in‐home technology, during day and night. Respiratory and heart rate timing and variability metrics were derived from inductance plethysmography and electrocardiogram signals. Selective shortening of inspiratory time produced an overall increase in respiratory frequency in children with FD, with higher daytime respiratory variability (vs. controls), suggesting alterations in central rhythm generating circuits that may contribute to the heightened risk for sudden death. Overall heart rate was increased and variability reduced in FD cases, with elevated heart rates during 20% of study time. Time and frequency domain measures of autonomic tone indicated lower parasympathetic drive in FD patients (vs. controls). These results suggest withdrawal of vagal, rather than sympathetic tone, as a cause for the sustained increase and dramatic lability in respiration and heart rates that characterize this disorder. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012; 47:682–691. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Childhood wheeze while taking propranolol for treatment of infantile hemangiomas
Authors: Shepherd Darren , Adams Susan , Wargon Orli , Jaffe Adam 
Published: December 2011

AbstractWhile it is recognized that beta‐blockers can exacerbate asthma symptoms in older children and adults, there are few descriptions of a similar effect in infants. We describe three infants who developed wheeze during treatment with a beta‐blocker for infantile hemangiomas and conclude that physicians should inquire about respiratory symptoms in this group of children. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012; 47:713–715. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Feasibility and Variability of Measuring the Lung Clearance Index in a Multi‐Center Setting
Authors: Fuchs Susanne I. , Ellemunter Helmut , Eder Johannes , Mellies Uwe , Grosse‐Onnebrink Jörg , Tümmler Burkhard , Staab Doris , Jobst Andrea , Griese Matthias , Ripper Jan , Rietschel Ernst , Zeidler Susanne , Ahrens Frank , Gappa Monika 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe Lung Clearance Index (LCI) is superior to spirometry in detecting early lung disease in cystic fibrosis (CF) and correlates with structural lung changes seen on CT scans. The LCI has the potential to become a novel outcome parameter for clinical and research purposes. However longitudinal studies are required to further prove its prognostic value. Multi‐center design is likely to facilitate realization of such studies.Therefore the aim of the present study was to assess multi‐center feasibility and inter‐center variability of LCI measurements in healthy children and adolescents. Comparative measurements were performed in unselected patients with CF to confirm previous single‐center results.LCI measurements were performed in eight centers using the EasyOne Pro, MBW Module (ndd Medical Technologies, Zurich, Switzerland).The overall success rate for LCI measurements was 75.5%, leaving 102/151 measurements in healthy volunteers and 139/183 measurements in patients with CF for final analysis. Age ranged between 4 and 24 years. Mean LCI (range of means among centers) was 6.3 (6.0–6.5) in healthy volunteers and thus normal. Inter‐center variability of center means was 2.9%, ANOVA including Schffé procedure demonstrated no significant inter‐center differences (P > 0.05). Mean LCI (range of means among centers) was 8.2 (7.4–8.9) in CF and thus abnormal.Our study demonstrates good multi‐center feasibility and low inter‐center variability of the LCI in healthy volunteers when measured with the EasyOne Pro MBW module. Our data confirm published LCI data in CF. However, central coordination, quality control, regular training, and supervision during the entire study appear essential for successfully performing multi‐center trials. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012; 47:649–657. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pulmonary function and long‐term follow‐up of children with tracheobronchomalacia
Authors: Moore Peter , Smith Holly , Greer Ristan M , McElrea Margaret , Masters Ian Brent 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackgroundPrimary tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) is a disease of the large airways. Long‐term follow‐up studies of TBM patients have not been reported. This study was undertaken to further elicit the natural history of this condition and the presence of concomitant reactive airways disease through clinical profiling and pulmonary function testing.MethodsTwenty‐one children diagnosed with TBM by bronchoscopy between 1998 and 2001 in Queensland were recruited in 2008. Parents completed a questionnaire detailing their child's respiratory symptoms over the previous 12 months. Children then undertook pulmonary function and flow–volume loop classification. Mannitol bronchial provocation testing or post‐bronchodilator spirometry was performed to assess for the confounding presence of reactive airways disease.ResultsData from 19 children (12 males) were able to be analyzed. The median age was 9.4 (range 7.6–14.3) years. 15 parents indicated their child's symptoms were unresolved. The mean FEV1 was 81% predicted with 7 <80% predicted. This was significantly lower than the percent predicted population mean (P = 0.0005). Mean FEV1/FVC, FEF25–75, and PEF were also significantly reduced (P = < 0.0001). Four participants had a classical TBM flow–volume loop on analysis. One of 15 (6.7%) participants recorded a positive test for reactive airways disease.ConclusionsClinical symptom profiles and pulmonary function indicate persistent functional mechanical abnormalities of the large and small airways in TBM patients, and the absence of reactive airways disease. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012; 47:700–705. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Altered nuclear cofactor switching in retinoic‐resistant variants of the PML‐RARα oncoprotein of acute promyelocytic leukemia
Authors: Farris Mindy , Lague Astrid , Manuelyan Zara , Statnekov Jacob , Francklyn Christopher 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAcute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) results from a reciprocal translocation that fuses the gene for the PML tumor suppressor to that encoding the retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARα). The resulting PML‐RARα oncogene product interferes with multiple regulatory pathways associated with myeloid differentiation, including normal PML and RARα functions. The standard treatment for APL includes anthracycline‐based chemotherapeutic agents plus the RARα agonist all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA). Relapse, which is often accompanied by ATRA resistance, occurs in an appreciable frequency of treated patients. One potential mechanism suggested by model experiments featuring the selection of ATRA‐resistant APL cell lines involves ATRA‐resistant versions of the PML‐RARα oncogene, where the relevant mutations localize to the RARα ligand‐binding domain (LBD). Such mutations may act by compromising agonist binding, but other mechanisms are possible. Here, we studied the molecular consequence of ATRA resistance by use of circular dichroism, protease resistance, and fluorescence anisotropy assays employing peptides derived from the NCOR nuclear corepressor and the ACTR nuclear coactivator. The consequences of the mutations on global structure and cofactor interaction functions were assessed quantitatively, providing insights into the basis of agonist resistance. Attenuated cofactor switching and increased protease resistance represent features of the LBDs of ATRA‐resistant PML‐RARα, and these properties may be recapitulated in the full‐length oncoproteins. Proteins 2012; © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
RNA interference is induced in the glassy winged sharpshooter Homalodisca vitripennis by actin dsRNA
Authors: Rosa Cristina , Kamita Shizuo G , Falk Bryce W 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: The glassy winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca vitripennis, is an unusually robust and efficient leafhopper vector of Xylella fastidiosa. X. fastidiosa is the causative agent of Pierce's disease, almond scorch, citrus variegated chlorosis and other serious plant diseases. The present study was conducted to establish whether RNA interference (RNAi) was induced in nymphal H. vitripennis that were injected with actin dsRNAs and other dsRNAs.RESULTS: A dramatic reduction in target H. vitripennis actin mRNAs and the formation of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), hallmarks of RNAi, were found following the injection of actin dsRNAs. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR indicated an 80% reduction in actin mRNA levels by 5 days post‐injection. Western blot analysis showed a dramatic drop in actin protein levels by 3 days post‐injection. Biological effects such as incomplete nymphal–adult ecdysis and > 95% mortality were also found following the injection of fifth‐instar nymphs with actin dsRNA. Dramatic reductions in target mRNA levels were also found following the injection of other dsRNAs into fifth‐instar H. vitripennis.CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that RNAi is induced in post‐embryonic leafhoppers by dsRNA. The present system can be used to screen potential gene‐silencing targets that can be used for reducing the vector competence of H. vitripennis and other leafhoppers. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Dysprosium doped lead fluoroborate glasses: Structural, optical, and thermal investigations
Authors: Rayappan I. Arul , Maheshvaran K. , Babu S. Surendra , Marimuthu K. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDy3+ doped lead fluoroborate (LFB) glasses (B2O3 + PbO + PbF2) have been prepared following conventional melt quenching technique by varying the concentration of Dy2O3 in the order 0.01, 0.1, 1, 2, and 3 mol%. X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), optical absorption, fluorescence emission, and decay curves have been recorded and analyzed. From the optical measurements and based on the Judd–Ofelt (JO) theory, the JO intensity parameters were evaluated and in turn used to evaluate the radiative transition probabilities (A), stimulated emission cross‐section ($\sigma _{{\rm P}}^{{\rm E}} $), radiative lifetimes (τrad), and branching ratios (βR) for the various 4F9/2 → 6HJ (J = 11/2, 13/2, 15/2) transitions of Dy3+ ions in the LFB glasses and these values were compared with the other reported Dy3+:glasses. The decay curves of the 4F9/2 level were measured and found to be deviate from the exponential nature with the increase in Dy3+ ion concentration. The luminescence quantum efficiency of the 4F9/2 level was also determined and discussed. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves were used to evaluate the glass stability factor (S) and Hruby's parameter (HR) through the glass transition (Tg), crystallization (Tc), and melting (Tm) temperatures and these results were discussed and reported.
Damping behavior of a novel porous CuAlMn shape memory alloy fabricated by sintering‐dissolution method
Authors: Wang Qingzhou , Lu Dongmei , Cui Chunxiang , Yan Najun , Wang Qian 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA novel porous Cu–11.7Al–2.49Mn (wt%) shape memory alloy (SMA) was fabricated by sintering‐dissolution method. Damping behavior of the resulting specimen was investigated by internal friction (IF) technique through the method of forced vibration. An IF peak arises at around 200 °C during heating. This peak has been ascribed to the reverse martensitic transformation (MT). Heat treatments of solution and quenching have important influences on the IF background and the IF peak due to the changes of microstructures and phase constitution of the matrix. Compared with bulk specimen, the porous specimen has a significantly enhanced IF background and a decreased IF peak. It is suggested that the enhancement of IF background originates from the effect of pores and the production as well as movement of dislocations, while the decrease of IF peak from the existence of multifarious defects around pores.