bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The stigma towards seeking help among university students: a cross-sectional study in Jordan
Authors: AlSamhori Ahmad Feras , AlSamhori Jehad Feras , AlSamhori Abdel Rahman Feras , Abuaun Julia , AlAwamleh Nada , Saleh Rnad , Hussein Ayham Mohammad , Abu Mahmoud Hamzah Ibrahim Yousef , Banimustafa Radwan , Qaswal Abdallah Barjas 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Mental disorders affect one in two people globally, with COVID-19 exacerbating anxiety and depression. Stigma, a major hindrance to seeking mental health services, manifests as public, perceived, and self-stigma. Cultural misconceptions contribute to public stigma. Studies show high stigmatization among university students, impacting help-seeking behavior. Arab populations exhibit varied attitudes influenced by religious beliefs. The research aims to bridge gaps in understanding stigma among university students in Jordan, focusing on the impact of post post-COVID-19 era on mental health perceptions. The study hypothesizes differences in attitudes and stigma between medical and non-medical students, investigating these aspects in Jordan.

Methods
A cross-sectional study assessed attitudes and stigma related to seeking help among 1,151 university students in Jordan from June 20th to July 20th, 2023. The sample included diverse participants from Jordanian universities. Data were collected through an online survey covering sociodemographic details, psychological background, and attitudes using the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale (ATSPPH). Ethical considerations included approval from the University of Jordan Institutional Review Board and informed consent from participants.

Results
The survey included 1151 participants. The overall mean age was 20.34 years. Among the participants, 761 (66.1%) were medical students, while 390 (33.9%) were non-medical students. The overall mean ATSPPHS score was 16.30. Medical students exhibited a significantly more positive attitude (73.3%) compared to non-medical students (26.7%). Being a medical student was associated with higher odds of having a positive attitude while being male was found to be a negative predictor.

Conclusion
Findings revealed that being a medical student and having prior mental health education were linked to more favorable attitudes, whereas male students tended to hold more negative views. Incorporating mental health education into non-medical curricula could be beneficial in diminishing stigma and fostering positive attitudes toward seeking help.
Trends and risk factors analysis of NEC in preterm infants over 9 years
Authors: Yang Yi , He Qing , Yang Min , Zhang Pinglin , Su Lijun , Lin Yong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Investigating the trend of changes in the occurrence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants during 9 years and analyzing the risk factors of NEC with the purpose of providing reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of NEC.

Methods
Clinical data of NEC in preterm infants with Bell’s stage ≥ II from January 2013 to December 2021 in the Neonatology Department of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University was retrospectively analyzed. Trends in the occurrence of NEC in preterm infants were analyzed by the trend chi-square test. Subsequently, the general data (sex, gestational age, singleton or multiple births, birth weight, serum albumin, alkaline phosphatase, sepsis, blood transfusion, mechanical ventilation, RDS, arterial catheterization) and perinatal data (intrauterine distress, turbid amniotic fluid, premature rupture of membranes, mode of delivery, fetal heart abnormalities, diabetes mellitus) were collected; then, the risk factors for NEC were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic-regression analysis.

Results
In the past 9 years, 77 cases of NEC occurred, with the incidence rate of 1.95%, and the incidence of NEC in preterm infants has been increasing year by year (P < 0.05). The results of univariate analysis showed that the morbidity of NEC in preterm infants was associated with premature rupture of membranes, blood transfusion, sepsis, and the of serum albumin (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that blood transfusion (OR = 2.232, 95% CI: 1.012–4.923) and sepsis (OR = 0.899, 95% CI: 0.809–3.915) were independent risk factors of NEC in preterm infants, while high serum albumin (OR = 0.899, 95% CI: 0.809–3.915) was an independent protective factor of NEC in preterm infants.

Conclusion
The morbidity of NEC is gradually increasing. Inhibition of infection and limitation of blood transfusion are effective measures to reduce the occurrence of NEC. Meanwhile, high serum albumin is a protective factor for NEC.
Ratio-dependent competitions between a
Wolbachia
-uninfected bisexual strain and
Wolbachia
-infected thelytokous strain of the egg parasitoid,
Trichogramma dendrolimi
Matsumura (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)
Authors: Dong Qian-Jin , He Yue , Dong Yu-Zhe , Che Wu-Nan , Zhou Jin-Cheng , Dong Hui 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background

Wolbachia
-infected thelytokous
Trichogramma
wasps have been considered as potential effective biocontrol agents against lepidopteran pests in agriculture and forests. However, intra-specific competition may arise when
Wolbachia
-infected thelytokous
Trichogramma
coexist with their uninfected bisexual counterparts in fields or during mass-rearing procedures. This competition could potentially impact the efficacy of
Trichogramma
females in biological control programs.

Results

This study examined the parasitic capacities of bisexual (
TdB
) and
Wolbachia
-infected thelytokous (
TdT
) strains of
Trichogramma dendrolimi
as influenced by host density (ranging from 5 to 70 host eggs) and wasp density (two, four, and six females per arena). The experiments involved inter-strain competition between
TdB
and
TdT
strains (Inter-
Td
) as well as intra-strain competition within the
TdT
(Intra-
TdT
) or
TdB
(Intra-
TdB
) strains. Results revealed that females in the Inter-
Td
group exhibited a higher attack rate compared to those in the Intra-
TdT
and Intra-
TdB
groups, irrespective of wasp density. Specifically, when six females were present, the Inter-
Td
group showed significantly shorter host handling times than the Intra-
TdT
group. Within intra-strain cohorts,
TdT
females displayed a lower attack rate than
TdB
females when four or six females were present, and longer host handling times when six females were present. Mutual interference between individuals was not affected by competition types. Females of the Inter-
Td
group exhibited a higher probability of superparasitism than those of the Intra-
TdB
group or Inter-
Td
group. When both strains coexisted, the proportion of
TdT
offspring with six females was higher than that with two females or four females. Male ratios of bisexual offspring in Inter
-Td
groups were higher than those in Intra
-TdB
groups. The male ratio of bisexual offspring in the Inter-
Td
group increased with wasp density.

Conclusions

Our study highlights the negative impact of
Wolbachia
on parasitic capacity of
Trichogramma
females, increasing the likelihood of superparasitism. The coexistence of both strains enhances total parasitic efficacy, albeit resulting in a higher proportion of male offspring compared to scenarios with only uninfected females. The results will provide the reference for the usage of
Wolbachia
-infected thelytokous strain of
T. dendrolimi
in augmentative biological control programs.
Effect of material characteristics of lead rubber isolators on seismic performance of box girder bridge
Authors: Baig Mirza Aamir , Ansari Imteyaz , Islam Nazrul 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNear-field (NF) earthquakes have distinct ground motions, forward directivity pulses, and fling-step motions, causing structural responses to differ from far-field (FF) earthquakes. Seismic isolation is regarded as a developed and successful technology that may be applied to enhance a structure’s functionality and safeguard it against catastrophic earthquake effects. The variation in mechanical properties of seismic isolation also significantly influences bridge seismic response. The study investigates the influence of lead rubber (LRB) isolators and the characteristics of ground motions on seismically isolated bridges, aiming to determine optimal parameters for minimal earthquake response. Key parameters include ground motion characteristics, characteristic strength (Q), and isolator flexibility. The study modeled the force-deformation behavior of isolators using bilinear behavior, reflecting the Bouc-Wen hysteric model. CSI Bridge was used to model seismically isolated steel box girder bridges, with eight natural accelerograms assessing a 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years. The peak responses of pier displacement (MPD), isolator hysteric energy (HED), base shear, and deck acceleration are chosen as the response parameters for the comparison. To evaluate the response parameters, the earthquake data are scaled to the three studied peak ground acceleration (PGA) levels of design level (0.2 g), extreme level (0.4 g), and rare-extreme level (0.8 g). The findings offer insight on the relevance of isolator stiffness and its influences on the seismic performance of isolated bridges. The study identifies minimum values for pier displacement, hysteric energy, deck acceleration, and base shear at specific Q/weight sustained by isolator (W) and time period (T) values. Recommendations are made for the preliminary seismic isolation design of bridges with LRB isolators, highlighting the importance of PGV to PGA ratio in earthquake damage assessment.
Ultracold atomic spin mixtures in ultrastable magnetic field environments
Authors: Cominotti Riccardo , Rogora Chiara , Zenesini Alessandro , Lamporesi Giacomo , Ferrari Gabriele 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Ultracold atomic spin mixtures develop rich and intriguing magnetic properties when external radiation coherently couples different spin states. In particular, the coupled mixture may acquire a critical behavior when the spin interactions equal the coupling energy. However, atomic mixtures generally feature a relatively high sensitivity to magnetic fields that can set a limitation to the observable phenomena. In this article, we present an overview of experimental studies of magnetism based on superfluid multicomponent gases in an ultrastable magnetic field environment, which recently became available.
Controlled Antenatal Thyroid Screening Study III: Effects of Gestational Thyroid Status on Adolescent Brain Morphology
Authors: Scholz Anna , McNabb Carolyn B , Bloomfield Laura , Bhargava Raghav , Hales Charlotte , Dayan Colin M , Taylor Peter N , Lazarus John H , Okosieme Onyebuchi , Ludgate Marian , Jones Derek K , Rees D Aled 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Context
Children born to mothers with gestational hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism may have increased risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, the effects of maternal thyroid status on offspring brain development are unclear.

Objective
This work aimed to establish whether adolescent brain morphology is affected by suboptimal gestational thyroid function (SGTF).

Methods
The Controlled Antenatal Thyroid Screening (CATS) study randomly assigned mothers with SGTF to levothyroxine or no supplementation from approximately 12 weeks’ gestation. At age 9, children born to mothers who were overtreated with levothyroxine had a higher risk of conduct and hyperactivity traits. For the current CATS III study, children underwent neuroimaging studies, including T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A total of 85 children aged 11 to 16 years had usable T1-weighted MRI data (exposed to untreated SGTF [n = 21], normal GTF [n = 24], or treated SGTF [optimally treated (n = 21), overtreated (n = 20)]). The primary outcome was to examine the association of SGTF and its treatment with global brain volumes. Secondary and exploratory outcomes were to investigate the association of maternal thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels with global and subregional brain volumes. Results were adjusted for age, sex, and pubertal scores.

Results
There were no significant differences in global brain volumetric measures between groups, including total gray matter volume (P = .373). Weak positive correlations were found between maternal TSH, but not FT4, levels and several brain volumes, but these did not survive testing for multiple comparisons.

Conclusion
We found no evidence that SGTF was associated with differences in adolescent brain morphology, and no effect of levothyroxine supplementation.
Uncontrolled Acromegaly Resulting in the Need for Left Ventricular Assist Device as Bridge to Heart Transplant
Authors: Murugesh Megana , Thelmo Franklin Llereña , Shirodkar Monika Khanna 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Acromegaly is a rare pituitary condition stemming from hypersecretion of growth hormone (GH). Classic presentation involves enlarged hands, feet, and coarse facial features. However, late-onset cardiac manifestations develop in the absence of disease control. Of the various cardiac complications, heart failure is the rarest (3%-4% of cases). Here we present a case of acromegaly diagnosed after the patient exhibited symptoms of heart failure, with eventual placement of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) as a bridge to orthotopic heart transplant. The 37-year-old patient originally presented with exercise intolerance and “heavy heartbeats” but was found to be in acute decompensated heart failure, with an ejection fraction (EF) of 15%. The acromegaly diagnosis was confirmed with labs, and he began treatment with lanreotide 120 mg weekly along with 0.5 mg cabergoline twice weekly. EF improved up to 30%. Soon after, he was lost to follow-up during the COVID-19 pandemic and returned with worsening EF. An LVAD was placed to support recovery while the patient awaited heart transplant. While LVADs are a common measure of cardiac support for ischemic cardiomyopathy, they can also be successful options in the setting of GH-driven cardiomegaly.
Short- and long-term exposure to high glucose induces unique transcriptional changes in osteoblasts in vitro
Authors: Jalava Niki , Arponen Milja , Widjaja Nicko , Heino Terhi J. , Ivaska Kaisa K. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Bone is increasingly recognized as a target for diabetic complications. In order to evaluate the direct effects of high glucose on bone, we investigated the global transcriptional changes induced by hyperglycemia in osteoblasts in vitro. Rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells were differentiated into osteoblasts for 10 days, and prior to analysis, they were exposed to hyperglycemia (25 mM) for the short-term (1 or 3 days) or long-term (10 days). Genes and pathways regulated by hyperglycemia were identified using mRNA sequencing and verified with qPCR. Genes upregulated by 1-day hyperglycemia were, for example, related to extracellular matrix organization, collagen synthesis and bone formation. This stimulatory effect was attenuated by 3 days. Long-term exposure impaired osteoblast viability, and downregulated, for example, extracellular matrix organization and lysosomal pathways, and increased intracellular oxidative stress. Interestingly, transcriptional changes by different exposure times were mostly unique and only 89 common genes responding to glucose were identified. In conclusion, short-term hyperglycemia had a stimulatory effect on osteoblasts and bone formation, whereas long-term hyperglycemia had a negative effect on intracellular redox balance, osteoblast viability and function.
The Interplay Between Individual Mobility, Health Risk, and Economic Choice: A Holistic Model for COVID-19 Policy Intervention
Authors: Yang Zihao , Krishnan Ramayya , Li Beibei 
Published: May 2024

This paper was motivated by the need to simultaneously address two competing policy objectives during the course of the COVID pandemic: namely, the public health objective, which required people to be less mobile, and the economic objective, which aimed to ensure that the economy was not adversely affected by the constraints imposed by the first objective. To realize these objectives, we developed a data-informed approach to model human mobility, health risk, and economic activity jointly. This approach computes equilibrium between epidemic models of public health and economic activity under policy interventions that could be used to change people’s mobility behavior. Our approach is distinctive in its capacity to assemble proprietary data sets from public and private sectors at the individual and the zip code levels, which heretofore had not been used together. These data enabled customization of the population-level epidemic models widely used in public health (e.g., the SIR model) with individual-level data traces of mobility behaviors for assessment of public health risks. The outputs of the proposed model enabled parameterization of economic choice models of individuals’ economic decision-making. Various policy interventions and their capacities to shift the equilibrium between economic activity and public health were investigated in this study. Whereas the data-informed joint modeling approach was developed and tested in the pandemic context, it is generalizable for the evaluation of any counterfactual policy interventions. History: Olivia R. Liu Sheng and W. Nick Street served as senior editors for this article. Data Ethics & Reproducibility Note: The code capsule is available on Code Ocean at https://doi.org/10.24433/CO.4390192.v1 and in the e-Companion to this article (available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijds.2023.0013 ).
Liquid Welfare Guarantees for No-Regret Learning in Sequential Budgeted Auctions
Authors: Fikioris Giannis , Tardos Éva 
Published: May 2024

We study the liquid welfare in sequential first-price auctions with budgeted buyers. We use a behavioral model for the buyers, assuming a learning style guarantee: the utility of each buyer is within a [Formula: see text] factor ([Formula: see text]) of the utility achievable by shading their value with the same factor at each iteration. We show a [Formula: see text] price of anarchy for liquid welfare when valuations are additive. This is in stark contrast to sequential second-price auctions, where the resulting liquid welfare can be arbitrarily smaller than the maximum liquid welfare, even when [Formula: see text]. We prove a lower bound of [Formula: see text] on the liquid welfare loss under the given assumption in first-price auctions. Our liquid welfare results extend when buyers have submodular valuations over the set of items they win across iterations with a slightly worse price of anarchy bound of [Formula: see text] compared with the guarantee for the additive case. Funding: G. Fikioris is supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research [Grants FA9550-19-1-0183 and FA9550-23-1-0068], the Department of Defense (DoD) through the National Defense Science & Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship Program, and the Onassis Foundation [Scholarship ID F ZS 068-1/2022-2023]. É. Tardos is supported in part by the NSF [Grant CCF-1408673] and AFOSR [Grants FA9550-19-1-0183, FA9550-23-1-0410, and FA9550-23-1-0068].
Simulation-Based Robust and Adaptive Optimization Method for Heteroscedastic Transportation Problems
Authors: Gu Ziyuan , Li Yifan , Saberi Meead , Liu Zhiyuan 
Published: May 2024

Simulation-based optimization is an effective solution to complex transportation problems relying on stochastic simulations. However, existing studies generally perform a fixed number of evaluations for each decision vector across the design space, overlooking simulation heteroscedasticity and its effects on solution efficiency and robustness. In this paper, we treat the number of evaluations as an adaptive variable depending upon the simulation heteroscedasticity and the potential optimality of each decision vector. A statistical method, which automatically determines the variable number of evaluations, is presented for a range of derivative-free optimization methods. By fusing Bayesian inference with the probability of correct selection, it permits adaptive allocation of budgeted computational resources to achieve improved solution efficiency and robustness. The method is integrated with the deterministic global optimizer DIviding RECTangles (DIRECT) to yield NoisyDIRECT as a continuous simulation-based robust optimization method (which is open sourced). The key properties of the method are proved and discussed. Numerical experiments on difficult test functions are first conducted to verify the improvement of NoisyDIRECT compared with DIRECT and Bayesian optimization. Given the same computational budget, NoisyDIRECT can better locate the global optimum than the other two alternatives. Applications to representative simulation-based transportation problems, including an M/M/1 queueing problem and a parking pricing problem, are then presented. The results demonstrate the ability of NoisyDIRECT to pinpoint the optimal solution via adaptive computational resources allocation, achieving the desired level of robustness. Funding: This work was supported by the Youth Program [Grant 52102375] and the Key Project [Grant 52131203] of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Youth Program [Grant BK20210247] of the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, and the High-Level Personnel Project of Jiangsu Province [Grant JSSCBS20220099]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2023.0485 .
Endovascular treatment of ruptured lobulated anterior communicating artery aneurysms: A retrospective study of 24 patients
Authors: Huang Sheng-Xuan , Ai Xun-Ping , Kang Ze-Hui , Chen Zhi-Yong , Li Ren-Man , Wu Zu-Chao , Zhu Feng 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND
Lobulated intracranial aneurysm is a special type of aneurysm with at least one additional cyst in the neck or body of the aneurysm. Lobulated intracranial aneurysm is a complex aneurysm with complex morphology and structure and weak tumor wall, which is an independent risk factor for rupture and hemorrhage. Lobular aneurysms located in the anterior communicating artery complex account for 36.9% of all intracranial lobular aneurysms. Due to its special anatomical structure, both craniotomy and endovascular treatment are more difficult. Compared with single-capsule aneurysms, craniotomy for lobular intracranial aneurysms has a higher risk and complication rate.
AIM
To investigate the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment for ruptured lobulated anterior communicating artery aneurysm (ACoAA).
METHODS
Patients with ruptured lobulated ACoAA received endovascular treatment in Sanming First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University from June 2020 to June 2022 were retrospectively included. Their demographic, clinical and imaging characteristics, endovascular treatment methods and follow-up results were collected.
RESULTS
A total of 24 patients with ruptured lobulated ACoAA were included, including 9 males (37.5%) and 15 females (62.5%). Their age was 56.2 ± 8.9 years old (range 39-74). The time from rupture to endovascular treatment was 10.9 ± 12.5 h. The maximum diameter of the aneurysms was 5.1 ± 1.0 mm and neck width were 3.0 ± 0.7 mm. Nineteen patients (79.2%) were double-lobed and 5 (20.8%) were multilobed. Fisher's grade: Grade 2 in 16 cases (66.7%), grade 3 in 6 cases (25%), and grade 4 in 2 cases (8.3%). Hunt-Hess grade: Grade 0-2 in 5 cases (20.8%), grade 3-5 in 19 cases (79.2%). Glasgow Coma Scale score: 9-12 in 14 cases (58.3%), 13-15 in 10 cases (41.7%). Immediately postprocedural Raymond-Roy grade: grade 1 in 23 cases (95. 8%), grade 2 in 1 case (4.2%). Raymond-Roy grade in imaging follow-up for 2 wk to 3 months: grade 1 in 23 cases (95.8%), grade 2 in 1 case (4.2%). Follow-up for 2 to 12 months showed that 21 patients (87.5%) had good functional outcomes (modified Rankin Scale score ≤ 2), and there were no deaths.
CONCLUSION
Endovascular treatment is a safe and effective treatment for ruptured lobulated AcoAA.