bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluorescent Paracyclophanes: Unveiling Ultra‐Strong Binding with Cucurbit[8]uril in Aqueous Environments
Authors: Grimm Laura Marie , Wang Yichuan , Prabodh Amrutha , Barilli Emma , Spicher Sebastian , Hassan Zahid , Grimme Stefan , Bräse Stefan , Biedermann Frank 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn supramolecular chemistry, the pursuit of highly efficient molecular recognition systems holds paramount significance. This study introduces new [2.2]paracyclophanes (PCP) as exceptional guest molecules for cucurbit[8]uril (CB8). This well‐matched host‐guest interaction is marked by ultra‐high binding affinities (Ka up to 1015 M−1 in water) accompanied by unprecedented exothermic contributions (ΔH up to −20.6 kcal mol−1) observed in CB8 binding, rivaling the exceptional affinities of cucurbit[7]uril (CB7), which has until now been recognized as the gold standard for high‐affinity binding in water. The PCPs demonstrate an excellent fit within the CB8 cavity without structural deformation of the host. Our research methodology incorporates organic synthesis, NMR, fluorescence titration, and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) experiments, as well as quantum mechanical simulations, to systematically examine the binding characteristics of fluorescent mono‐ and dicationic PCP guests within the CB8 cavity. This study not only corroborates but also critically reevaluates certain aspects of the “high‐energy water release model” for cucurbit[n]uril systems. Furthermore, the ease of modifying PCP compounds, combined with their superior water solubility compared to di‐ and triamantanes, and their characteristic fluorescent response in forming and disassembling host‐guest complexes, elevates PCPs as promising candidates for the creation of advanced supramolecular CB8‐functional materials and sensing assays.
e‐Methanol ‐ aber bitte flexibel!
Authors: Peña Vincent , Gronemann Veronika , König Sebastian , Haag Stéphane 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDie fluktuierende Bereitstellung von erneuerbarem Strom hat einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Auslegung und den Betrieb von e‐Methanol‐Anlagen. Air Liquide hat techno‐ökonomische Untersuchungen mit einem eigens dafür entwickelten Simulations‐Framework durchgeführt, um den Bedarf und den Nutzen des flexiblen Betriebs der Methanolsynthese zu analysieren. Im Ergebnis ist ein flexibler Betrieb von enormem Vorteil, ab einem gewissen Grad ist jedoch kein Mehrwert mehr erkennbar.
Recycling von Rohstoff spart Energie im Herstellungsprozess
Authors: Krause Peter 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAbfallvermeidung, Ressourcenschutz und Energieeffizienz werden in der täglichen industriellen Anwendung immer wichtiger. Ein Ansatz innerhalb der Filtertechnik ist die Verwendung von Rezyklat im Herstellungsprozess von Filterkerzen. Dabei muss die technische Spezifikation identisch mit dem bisherigen Produkt sein.
Phase Behaviors and Photoresponsive Thin Films of Syndiotactic Side‐Chain Liquid Crystalline Polymers with High Densely Substituted Azobenzene Mesogens
Authors: Li Xiao , Zhao Weiguang , Jin Ye , Huang Jianjia , Chen Dongzhong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAzobenzene‐containing polymers (azopolymers) are a kind of fascinating stimuli‐responsive materials with broad and versatile applications. In this work, a series of syndiotactic C1 type azopolymers of Pm‐Azo‐Cn with side‐chain azobenzene mesogens of varied length alkoxy tails (n=1, 4, 8, 10) and different length alkyl spacers (m=6, 10) have been prepared via Rh‐catalyzed carbene polymerization. The thermal properties and ordered assembly structures of thus synthesized side chain liquid crystalline polymers (SCLCPs) have been systematically investigated with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized optical microscopy (POM) and variable‐temperature small/wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) analyses. P10‐Azo‐C1 and P10‐Azo‐C4 with shorter alkoxy tails exhibited hierarchical structures SmB/Colob and transformed into SmA/Colob at a higher temperature, while P10‐Azo‐C8 and P10‐Azo‐C10 with longer alkoxy tails only displayed side group dominated layered SmB phase and transformed into SmA phase at higher temperatures. For P6‐Azo‐C4 with a shorter spacer only showed a less ordered SmA phase owing to interference by partly coupling between the side chain azobenzene mesogens and the helical backbone. More importantly, the series high densely substituted syndiotactic C1 azopolymer thin films, exhibited evidently and smoothly reversible photoresponsive properties, which demonstrated promising photoresponsive device applications.
Genetic control of stem elongation in legume crops and its potential relevance
Authors: Beagley Chantelle J. , Weller James L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStem elongation has a major influence on plant height and has been a key trait targeted in crop improvement, as illustrated by the green revolution. Particularly in cereal crops, there is a growing awareness of how genetic variation for elongation may be applied to specific challenges in production and may interact with other aspects of development. In comparison, this understanding is less developed in legume crops despite their significance in global agriculture and may have additional implications considering their distinct differences in growth habit and inflorescence structure. This review outlines the relevance of stem elongation in legume crops, provides an overview of its genetic control, and concludes with a discussion of potential interactions with other production traits, including stress tolerance and symbioses.
Synergistic Effects of Bisalt Additives in High‐Voltage Rechargeable Lithium Batteries
Authors: Pham Thuy Duong , Kim Junam , Oh Hye Min , Kwak Kyungwon , Lee Kyung‐Koo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe stability of high‐energy‐density lithium metal batteries (LMBs) heavily relies on the composition of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed on lithium metal anodes. In this study, the inorganic‐rich SEI layer was achieved by incorporating bisalts additives into carbonate‐based electrolytes. Within this SEI layer, the presence of LiF, polythionate, and Li3N was observed, generated by combining 1.0 м lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide in ethylene carbonate: ethyl methyl carbonate:dimethyl carbonate in a 1 : 1 : 1 volume ratio, with the addition of 2 wt% lithium difluorophosphate and 2 wt% lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate additives (EL‐DO). Furthermore, this formulation effectively mitigated corrosion of aluminum current collectors. EL‐DO exhibited outstanding performance, including an average coulombic efficiency of 98.2 % in Li||Cu cells and a stable discharge capacity of approximately 162 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles in a Li||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) configuration. Moreover, EL‐DO displayed the potential to enhance the performance not only of LMBs but also of lithium‐ion batteries. In the case of Gr||NCM811 cell using EL‐DO, it consistently maintained high discharge capacities, even achieving around 135 mAh g−1 after the 100th cycle, surpassing the performance of other electrolytes. This study underscores the synergistic impact of bisalts additives in elevating the performance of lithium batteries.
Recent development in reconfigurable dielectric resonator antenna and microwave filter: design and application
Authors: Rai Jayant Kumar , Ranjan Pinku , Chowdhury Rakesh 
Published: June 2024

SummaryDeveloping wireless communication systems depends on reconfigurable microwave filters (MF) and dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) because the functionality of the various filters and antennas available for a wireless communication system is limited, and reconfigurable DRA and MF are utilized to overcome these limitations. The throughput of a multiantenna system can be achieved with reconfigurable DRA and filter. Various switching strategies and classifications of reconfigurable DRA and MF are presented. The electrical reconfiguration technique is most suitable for developing a reconfigurable DRA and filter among all the switching techniques. In this approach, reconfigurability may be accomplished by utilizing a PIN diode, a varactor diode, and a radio‐frequency microelectromechanical switch (RF‐MEMS). These switches are more reliable, highly efficient, and easily integrated with the microwave circuit. Reconfigurable DRA with machine learning is demonstrated. The application of reconfigurable DRA and filters in cognitive radio (CR) is also demonstrated. Also, the review article focused on the performance parameters, design, and challenges of reconfigurable antenna and MF.
Theoretical Study on Photo‐Induced Copper Autoredox Construction of Chiral Amines
Authors: Tian Dongmei , Li Hui , Su Yan , Ji Yang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDensity functional theory (DFT) calculations were conducted to investigate the photo‐induced copper‐catalyzed C−N coupling reaction for the synthesis of chiral tertiary amines. The ligands′ effects on the metal center and the factors determining regioselectivity in chiral tertiary amine formation were examined. The computational results revealed that the oxidative quenching process involved in the photocatalytic redox cycle via CuI‐CuI*‐CuII‐CuIII transitions. Throughout the reaction, four key processes occurred: C−Br bond activation, ligand exchange, amide ion/Br ion exchange, and C−N coupling. Among these steps, alkyl radical generation through single electron transfer was identified as the rate‐determining step with an energy barrier of 13.9 kcal/mol. The chelating diphosphine ligand improved copper‘s reducibility and its capacity to activate the C−Br bond by charge transfer when exposed to visible light (CT). Copper's own redox process was facilitated by interactions between diphosphine and diamine ligands. Finally, when combined with oxygen, this catalyst system formed a chiral plane CuII‐O1‐N1‐N2‐N3 essential for enantioselective product formation.
Numerical study of the self‐priming process of a prototype pump based on coupled calculations of circulatory system
Authors: Zhang Yu‐Liang , Li Jin‐Fu , Zhao Yan‐Juan , Zheng Shao‐Han , Zhu Zu‐Chao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo understand the self‐priming characteristics of a self‐priming pump, a closed‐loop piping system that includes the self‐priming pump, valve, tank, and piping system is established. The acceleration–constant speed operation processes of the impeller are controlled through a user‐defined function that ensures that the computational model and startup conditions are consistent with the real situation. Based on numerical calculations of the self‐priming process with two different self‐priming heights, the gas–liquid distributions during the self‐priming startup process are obtained. The results show that the self‐priming startup process can be divided into three stages: rapid inhalation, oscillating exhaust, and accelerated exhaust. Under the two self‐priming heights, the time required for the rapid inhalation and accelerated exhaust stages is basically the same. Thus, the difference in self‐priming time is mainly concentrated in the oscillating exhaust stage. The rate at which the liquid level rises in the vertical pipe is not proportional to the self‐priming height, and the difference in the self‐priming time is not proportional to the change in the self‐priming height.
Nickel(II)‐Catalyzed Hydrocarbamoylation of Alkynes with Formamides towards Unsaturated Amides
Authors: Li Tiangui , Wang Shiyang , Xia Zongxiang , Zhao Jinbo , Zhang Dongyue , Wu Yuanqi , Liu Yu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNi‐catalyzed activation of C(sp2)−H bond remains an elusive challenge. Herein, we realized a Ni‐catalyzed selective activation of C(sp2)−H bond of formamides, which underwent addition reaction with internal alkynes to provide α,β‐unsaturated amide compounds in high yields. The protocol was featured by the cheap and nontoxic catalyst system. Preliminary mechanistic studies shed light on the reaction pathways.
The hydrologic and geochemical contributions from snow to streamflow in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica
Authors: Wright Anna , Gooseff Michael , Bergstrom Anna , Welch Kathleen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe glacial meltwater streams in the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDVs), Antarctica only flow during the austral summer and contain abundant algal mats which grow at the onset of flow. Their relative abundance in stream channels of this polar desert make the streams biogeochemical hot spots. The MDVs receive minimal precipitation as snow, which is redistributed by wind and deposited in distinct locations, some of which become persistent snow patches each year. Previous studies identified that MDV streamflow comes from a combination of glacier ice and snow, although snow was assumed to contribute little to the overall water budget. This study uses a combination of satellite imagery, terrain analysis, and field measurements to determine where snow patches accumulate and persist across MDV watersheds, and to quantify the potential hydrologic and biogeochemical contributions of snow patches to streams. Watersheds near the coast have the highest snow‐covered area and longest snow persistence. Many of these snow patches accumulate within the stream channels, which results in the potential to contribute to streamflow. During the summer of 2021–2022, stream channel snow patches had the potential to contribute anywhere between <1% and 90% of the total annual discharge in Lake Fryxell Basin streams, and may increase with different hydrometeorological conditions. On average the potential inputs from snow patches to streamflow was between 12% and 25% of the annual discharge during the 2021–2022 season, as determined by snow area and SWE. Snow patches in the majority of the watersheds had higher nitrogen and phosphorous concentrations than stream water, and six streams contained snow with higher N:P ratios than the average N:P in the stream water. This suggests that if such patches melt early in the summer, these nutrient and water inputs could occur at the right time and stoichiometry to be crucial for early season algal mat growth.
Reinforcer value moderates response magnitude and persistence during extinction: A randomized trial
Authors: Lambert Joseph M. , Osina Maria A. , Copeland Bailey A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractExtinction bursts, or temporary increases in rates and intensities of behavior during extinction, can preclude the inclusion of extinction in intervention packages meant to suppress severe challenging behavior. To identify underlying behavioral mechanisms responsible for response persistence and bursting, 69 adults with developmental disabilities completed a low‐stakes translational investigation employing a 2 × 2 factorial, crossed, and randomized matched blocks design, with batched randomization logic. In each of the four test groups, we made distinct antecedent manipulations with two value parameters commonly studied through behavioral economics (i.e., demand intensity, Pmax) and evaluated the extent to which each of these manipulations influenced target responding during extinction. Although we found statistically significant differences attributable to both parameters, variations in reinforcer consumption relative to demand intensity were most influential across all dependent variables. This outcome implicates consumption relative to demand intensity as both a mitigating and exacerbating preextinction factor that influences the prevalence of adverse collateral extinction effects (e.g., bursts).
Arterial structure and function in children with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Jois Asha , Zannino Diana , Catto‐Smith Anthony G , Kaegi Meg , Mynard Jonathan P , Rosenbaum Jeremy , Oliver Mark , Hardikar Winita , Alex George , Burgner David 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and AimPeople with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including in younger adulthood. This may arise in part from chronic, systemic low‐grade inflammation. The process of atherosclerosis may begin in childhood. We sought to determine whether pediatric IBD is associated with adverse changes in arterial structure and function as a marker of early increased cardiovascular risk.MethodsWe performed a case–control study comparing children with IBD for a median disease duration of 2.49 (interquartile range 1.23, 4.38) years with healthy children. In a single visit, we collected baseline clinical and anthropometric data, and measured blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, carotid artery distensibility, and aortic and carotid intima‐media thickness. High‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein and fasting lipids were measured.ResultsWe enrolled 81 children with IBD (40 with Crohn's disease, 40 with ulcerative colitis, and 1 with unspecified IBD) and 82 control participants. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index z‐score, blood pressure, and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, there was no difference in measures of arterial structure and function in children with IBD compared with controls, nor between those with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis.ConclusionWe did not show any differences in arterial structure and function in children with a history of IBD for less than 5 years compared with healthy controls. IBD diagnosed in childhood may provide a window of opportunity to actively reduce standard cardiovascular risk factors and improve future cardiovascular outcomes.
塩化メチレンに曝露し血中一酸化炭素濃度上昇，化学損傷を発症した1例(A chemical injury with high COHb concentration by exposure of chemical mixture containing methylene chloride)
Authors: 春菜 吉田 , 順一 石川 , 浩士 林下 
Published: June 2024

要旨塩化メチレンを含む合剤に接触し化学損傷を受けたことで血中一酸化炭素ヘモグロビン（CO）濃度が上昇した症例を経験したため，報告する。症例は生来健康，2年間5本/日の喫煙歴のある17歳の男性。職場で転倒したことで，塩化メチレンを含む合剤と接触し化学損傷を受けた。診察結果より熱傷に加えてCOHb濃度の上昇も判明した。熱傷処置と直ちに酸素投与を開始し，経時的にCOHb濃度は低下した。またCO中毒で合併しうる遅発性脳症は本症例では見られなかった。本症例のように塩化メチレンによる化学損傷を考える症例では，除染のみならず経皮吸収することでCOHb濃度が上昇する可能性についても念頭に置きながら診察・治療を進めていく必要がある。
N‐Acetylcysteine assists muscle development in offspring of mice subjected to maternal heat stress during pregnancy
Authors: Lu Jiawei , Zhao Peng , Ding Xiuhu , Liu Yuan , Li Huixia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDHeat stress (HS) has been shown to affect reproductive performance and muscle development negatively in animals. N‐Acetylcysteine (NAC) plays a pivotal role in enhancing the antioxidant performance in animals as a recognized antioxidant. The present study assesses the potential of NAC to modulate the reproductive performance and antioxidant function in pregnant mice exposed to HS. The role of NAC in muscle development of offspring mice was also explored.RESULTSThe results showed that NAC supplementation from day 12 to day 18 of gestation increased the number of litters and enhanced the antioxidant function in pregnant mice under HS exposure. It improved the weight and body condition significantly in the offspring mice (P < 0.05). The alleviation of HS‐induced muscle impairment with NAC was consistent with the alleviation of apoptosis, the enrichment of the proliferation and differentiation in the offspring mice muscle. N‐Acetylcysteine also reversed HS‐induced reduction in the cross‐sectional area of the leg muscle and increased the proportion of myosin heavy chain IIx (MYHCIIx) in the muscle fiber.CONCLUSIONThe results of the present study support the use of NAC at a dose of 100 mg kg−1 body weight as supplement for protecting the offspring derived from pregnant mice exposed to HS from muscle impairment by accelerating proliferation and differentiation. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
A novel antioxidant iron‐chelating peptide from yak skin: analysis of the chelating mechanism and digestion stability in vitro
Authors: Ci Xiaoman , Liu Ran , Sun Yuting , Rifky Mohamed , Liu Rui , Jin Yan , Zhu Qiaomei , Zhang Min , Wu Tao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe global prevalence of iron deficiency has posed significant public health risks. Animal‐derived collagen peptides have been recognized for their potent metal ion‐chelating capabilities, which can greatly enhance the bioavailability of iron. Yak skins, typically discarded during production and processing, serve as a valuable resource. Based on yak skin collagen peptide (YSP), we have developed a novel iron‐chelating peptide: yak skin collagen iron‐chelating peptide (YSP‐Fe).RESULTSThe maximum level of iron chelation of YSP‐Fe achieved was 42.72 ± 0.65 mg g−1. Structural analysis indicated that YSP‐Fe was primarily formed from amino, carboxyl and carbonyl groups combined with ferrous ions. Through examination of the amino acid composition, molecular docking and peptide sequence identification, it was determined that Gly, Asp and Arg played crucial roles in the chelation of ferrous ions by YSP. Furthermore, YSP‐Fe was more stable in simulated gastrointestinal digestion compared to FeSO4.CONCLUSIONYSP‐Fe demonstrated dual benefits of iron supplementation and antioxidant effects. These significant findings provide a foundation for the development of novel iron supplements and the effective utilization of yak skin as a valuable resource. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
The effects of different types of polysaccharides on the structure and physical properties of W/O/W emulsions under varying pH conditions
Authors: Jiang Minghao , Liu Yi , Han Qiuyu , Zhang Yue 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDBiopolymer based water‐in‐oil‐in‐water double (W1/O/W2) emulsion systems comprise a complex emulsion system that might be affected by several factors and the status at multiple phases. The present study investigated the physicochemical properties of W1/O/W2 double emulsions with inner W1 phase incorporated with various polysaccharides and the outer phase stabilized by whey protein isolate (WPI). Six different polysaccharides were selected as co‐emulsifiers in the inner phase, and their effects on morphology, droplet size, zeta potential and rheology properties were evaluated. Furthermore, the impact of WPI/polysaccharide concentration and pH on the physicochemical properties and storage stability of the emulsions was compared.RESULTSEmulsions with an inner phase incorporated with xanthan gum and carrageenan exhibited better stability than others. Increasing the concentration of WPI enhanced the overall stability of the double emulsion, although it compromised the integrity of the internal W1/O interface. On the other hand, a 1.0% concentration of polysaccharide, specifically when carrageenan is used, slowed down droplet floating and coagulation. An acidic external aqueous phase (pH 4) led to larger and more uniform particle size distributions, as well as enhanced stability. The lower pH decreased the viscosity and delayed molecular exchange in the oil phase, thereby preserving the structure of the double emulsion.CONCLUSIONThese findings contribute to a better understanding of the factors influencing the stability and properties of W1/O/W2 double emulsions with addition of anionic polysaccharides in the inner water phase. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.