bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Strouhal number effect on acoustic fields
Authors: Marzouk Osama A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Understanding how jet flows respond to aerodynamic excitation helps constructing better understanding of the physical aspects of the problem. Also, this might lead to ideas and active techniques to control the induced noise. There are several approaches for noise computations, with different levels of accuracy and computational cost. In this study, we numerically simulate the acoustic field generated from supersonic axisymmetric jet flow. Aerodynamic excitation, or forced oscillatory flow signal, is introduced around the nozzle exit with different Strouhal numbers (nondimensional frequencies) below and above the critical value. Then, the acoustic fields are predicted at these different excitations by integrating the governing equations of the fluctuations. The adopted approach is very efficient in suppressing any spurious waves, except little oscillations during the transient development of the acoustic field at low Strouhal number. The effect of the Strouhal number on the acoustic field is investigated. Big differences in the acoustic fields exist between these cases. Theses differences are highlighted and discussed.
Long-term spatiotemporal assessment of water quality in the Karun River, Southern Iran: a novel Python-based approach for rapid processing
Authors: Arabameri Amirreza , Emamgholizadeh Samad , Chaplot Barkha , Zallaghi Ebrahim 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

The present study aims to streamline the long-term spatiotemporal river water quality assessment and forecasting utilizing three intuitive Python-based modules: (1) Python toolbox for scalable Outlier Detection (PyOD) to classify significant deviations from the expected water quality norms (outliers), (2) Statsmodels to decompose the river time series data into its trend, seasonal, and residual components, and (3) Automatic Time Series forecasting model (AutoTS) to forecast (and compare) the future water quality state of the Karun River (the case study) in Southern Iran. The findings indicate that the outlier elimination has a remarkable impact on the outcomes of the Karun time series data analysis. Additionally, a significant increase in total dissolved solids (TDS) concentrations and a cyclic pattern were discernable in the decomposed time series. Furthermore, the water quality values were found to be clustered around the median of their datasets. Based on the forecasting validation metrics, the proposed automated forecasting model was found to be promising in predicting the future water quality state of the river.
A Correlation between Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Scores and Biomarkers of Inflammation and Infection in Patients with Sepsis
Authors: Fu Zhiwei , Xin Weiwei , Zhang Shutao , Jiao Juyang , Qu Xinhua , Yue Bing 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Sepsis has a high mortality rate. While early diagnosis is crucial,
there are no effective inflammatory or infectious markers for the diagnosis and prediction
of sepsis.

Objective:
The present study aimed to establish a correlation between inflammatory and
infectious markers and the severity of sepsis at a genetic and cross-sectional level.

Methods:
Using transcriptomic and clinical data from the GEO and Dryad databases, we
analyzed the expression of eight indicators of inflammatory infection, as well as their diagnostic
efficacy. Additionally, we investigated the correlation between eight plasma
biomarkers and the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score in sepsis.

Results:
Angiotensin II (Ang-2), fractalkine, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra),
pentraxin 3 (PTX-3), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α type 1 receptor (TNFR1) were
up-regulated in sepsis and septic shock. Ang-2, IL-1ra, and PTX-3 had high diagnostic
efficacy in both sepsis and septic shock. They also recruited chemokines to generate inflammatory
storms, thereby exacerbating the progression of sepsis. Finally, we examined
153 adult non-trauma patients enrolled in the University of Pittsburgh Acute
Lung Injury Registry (SOFA score > 2). Ang-2, suppressor of tumorigenicity 2 (ST-2),
fractalkine, IL-1ra, TNFR1, procalcitonin (PCT), and PTX-3, but not C-peptide were significantly
more expressed in the plasma of the severe sepsis group than in the mild sepsis
group. Significant nonlinear correlations were detected between Ang-2, ST-2, IL-1ra,
TNFR1, PCT, and PTX-3 levels and SOFA scores.

result:
Ang-2, fractalkine, IL-1ra, PTX-3, and TNFR1 were up-regulated in sepsis and septic shock. Ang-2, IL-1ra, and PTX-3 had high diagnostic efficacy in both sepsis and septic shock. They also recruited chemokines to generate inflammatory storms, thereby exacerbating the progression of sepsis. Finally, we examined 153 adult non-trauma patients enrolled in the University of Pittsburgh Acute Lung Injury Registry (SOFA score &amp;gt; 2). Ang-2, ST-2, fractalkine, IL-1ra, TNFR1, PCT, and PTX-3, but not C-peptide, were significantly more expressed in the plasma of the severe sepsis group than in the mild sepsis group. Significant nonlinear correlations were detected between Ang-2, ST-2, IL-1ra, TNFR1, PCT, and PTX-3 levels and SOFA scores.

Conclusion:
Our analysis revealed that Ang-2, IL-1ra, and PTX-3 correlated strongly
with septic shock at the gene and protein levels, exhibiting nonlinear associations up to a
certain point. These findings will facilitate the diagnosis and prognosis of septic shock.
Discovery of Selective β-Secretase (BACE-1) Inhibitors by the Solid-Phase Synthesis of Small Molecular-sized Peptides
Authors: Ullah Khair , Almutairi Mikhlid H. , Abbas Muhammad Naseer , Wahab Abdul , Nayab Sundas , Fozia Fozia , Khan Muhammad Asghar , Shah Zafar Ali , Ahmad Ijaz , Almutairi Bader O. , Ziaullah Ziaullah 
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder for
which no effective cure currently exists. Research has identified β-Secretase (BACE1) as a promising
therapeutic target for the management of AD. BACE1 is involved in the rate-limiting step and
produces toxic amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides that lead to deposits in the form of amyloid plaques
extracellularly, resulting in AD.

Method:
In this connection, 60 small peptides were evaluated for their in-silico studies to predict
the bonding orientation with BACE1. Next, 5 peptides (12, 20, 21, 51, and 52) were selected based
on high scoring of Vander Waal interactions with the catalytic site of the enzyme.

Results:
The identified hit peptides were synthesized using Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis (SPPS),
and Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) elucidated their structures and 1 1 HNMR
spectroscopy. According to their In-vitro BACE1 inhibitory study, peptides 21 having high
Vander Waal forces showed significant BACE1 inhibition with IC50 = 4.64 ± 0.1μM). Moreover,
the kinetic study revealed that peptide 21 is a mixed-type inhibitor and can interact at the active
site and the allosteric site of BACE1.

Conclusion:
According to the cytotoxicity study, peptide 21 was found to be noncytotoxic at 4.64
μM, 10 μM and 20 μM. The forthcoming target of this study is to evaluate further the effect of
peptide 21 in an in-vivo mice model.
A Review of the Progress in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Sarcomatoid Carcinoma
Authors: Liao Dongying , Liu Jiayu , Jin Qingpeng , Wang Xiaoqun , Wang Na , Jia Yingjie , Kong Fanming 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma（PSC）is a rare pathological type of non-small cell lung cancer that combines the characteristics of epithelial and mesenchymal tu-mors and is an extremely malignant and highly heterogeneous malignant tumor. PSC is dif-ficult to diagnose and has a poor sensitivity to radiotherapy. In recent years, with the effica-cy breakthroughs of molecularly targeted drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors in tumor therapy, the treatment of PSC is gradually exploring precise targeted therapy and immuno-therapy. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive review of the clinical features, di-agnostic points, and progress in the clinical therapeutic research of PSC. We hope to provide guidance and help with clinical treatment and scientific research.
A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis of Metabolic Reprogramming
in Cardiovascular Diseases: Trends, Key Contributors, and Future
Directions from 2000 to 2024
Authors: Chen Xing , Yang Liu Lin , Li Li Xiang , Deng Yan 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Metabolic reprogramming is critical in cardiovascular disease (CVD)
research, affecting a variety of diseases such as myocardial damage, coronary heart disease, and
atherosclerosis, and has also emerged as a therapeutic target. This study conducts a bibliometric
analysis of the past 24 years to identify trends and hotspots in CVD metabolism, aiming to guide
future research and inform policy.

Methods:
This study analyzes publications from January 1, 2000, to October 10, 2024, using the
Web of Science Core Collection database. Tools like CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and SCImago
Graphica were used for co-authorship, keyword, citation, and journal visualizations. Dual-map
overlays and annual publication trends were examined to uncover hotspots, trends, and the progression
of metabolic reprogramming in CVD.

Results:
This study analyzed 765 articles and reviews from 66 countries. The USA had the most
publications, with the University of Milan being the most productive institution. Després, JP's
team in Italy, published the most papers. The International Journal of Molecular Sciences had
the highest publication count, while Cardiovascular Diabetology had the greatest citation impact.
Recent research has mainly focused on the role of immune cell substrate metabolism in
CVD.

Conclusion:
This study reveals the development trend and research characteristics of CVD metabolic
reprogramming over the past 24 years, from the early focus on disease risk factors to the
recent exploration of the transformation of immune cell metabolism. In the future, targeting immune
cell metabolism will drive CVD therapy forward.
Improving Brain Function Experimental Models for the Effectiveness of Bioactive Compound Loaded with Andrographolides in Spatial Learning and Memory
Authors: Paramanick Debashish , Rani K Naga , Singh Vijay Kumar 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Globally large numbers of people are suffering from brain disorders for
instance neurodegenerative disorders whereas treatments remain inadequate. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) serves as a major obstacle in transporting active therapeutic agents into the brain.
Herbal medicines have the potency to treat these brain diseases however, it is having some limitations like poor brain permeability, and slow bioavailability.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to assess the neuroprotective effects of Andrographolide-loaded β-cyclodextrin-lactose nanoparticles on spatial learning and memory in experimental models, aiming to enhance cognitive function and brain health.

objective:
The objective of the research was to determine exactly whether Lactose β-Cyclodextrin Nanoparticles (ALN) improved the cognitive abilities of test subjects in terms of spatial learning and memory.

Method:
Swiss Albino mice (25-30 g, 2-3 weeks, both sexes) were sourced from Galgotias University, India (Reg. No. 94090). Andrographolide (AGL), a diterpenoid from Andrographis paniculata, was encapsulated in β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) combined with lactose using the solvent
evaporation method, optimized via Design-Expert software. To improve neuronal uptake, lactose
was added to β-CD using the heating method, confirmed by 1H NMR spectra. The AGL-loaded
β-CD-lactose nanoparticles were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, and entrapment
efficiency, and their effects on brain tissue were assessed biochemically and histopathologically.

Result:
Developed nanoparticles had particle size 247.9 ± 3.2 nm, PDI 0.5 ± 0.02, and zeta potential 26.8 ± 2.5 mV, while entrapment efficacy between 74 ± 0.45% to 82 ± 032% and in-vitro
drug release from the nanoparticles had 79.48 ± 0.74% in 24 hours. TEM analysis showed spherical morphology. Furthermore, Behavioural assay and acute toxicity of nanoparticles were also
analyzed which indicate that nanoparticles can reach into the brain and are safe for further use.

Conclusion:
The lactose-modified β-Cyclodextrin nanoparticles significantly improved the neuroprotective effect of AGL, offering an effective strategy for drug delivery to the brain and potential treatment for neurodegenerative disorders.
PDTDAHN: Predicting Drug-Target-Disease Associations using a Heterogeneous Network
Authors: Chen Lei , Li Jingdong 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Disease is a major threat to life, and extensive efforts have been made over
the past centuries to develop effective treatments. Identifying drug-disease and disease-target associations
is crucial for therapeutic advancements, whereas drug-target associations facilitate the design
of more effective treatment strategies. However, traditional experimental approaches for identifying
these associations are costly and time-consuming. Numerous computational models have been developed
to predict drug-target, drug-disease, and disease-target associations. However, these models
are designed individually and cannot directly predict drug-target-disease associations, which involve
interconnections among drugs, targets, and diseases. Such triple associations provide deeper insights
into disease mechanisms and therapeutic interventions by capturing high-order associations.

Objective:
This study proposes a computational model named PDTDAHN to predict drug-targetdisease
triple associations.

Method:
Six association types retrieved from public databases are used to construct a heterogeneous
network comprising drugs, targets, and diseases. The network embedding algorithm Mashup is applied
to extract features for drugs, targets, and diseases, which are then combined to represent each
drug-target-disease association. The classification model is trained using LightGBM.

Results:
Cross-validation on eight datasets demonstrates the high performance of PDTDAHN, with
AUROC and AUPR exceeding 0.9. This model outperforms previous models based on pairwise association
predictions.

Conclusion:
The proposed model effectively predicts drug-target-disease triple associations.
Psychiatric Care Setting from the Perspective of Psychiatric Nursing Managers
Authors: Vieira Letícia Carvalho , Bocchi Silvia Cristina Mangini , MacPhee Maura , Spiri Wilza Carla 
Published: February 2025

Background
Nursing managers are well-positioned to enhance holistic care for patients in psychiatric settings. Managers need to use evidence-based data available to them when making nurse staffing decisions. Patient classification systems can be an excellent source of patients’ priority care needs.

Objective
To understand the meaning of using patient classification systems as a management tool for psychiatric nursing managers.

Methods
Qualitative study with a content analysis methodological framework. Ten nursing managers from psychiatric institutions in the state of São Paulo participated. Data were collected between August 2016 and May 2017 using a semi-structured interview with recorded audio.

Results
The sample consisted of nine women and one man with an average of 14 years’ experience in mental health and seven years of management experience. The psychiatric care setting emerged as a general theme surrounded by four subthemes: current model of decision making, ideal model of decision making, nursing staff dimensioning/staffing, and professional and mental health legislation. Only half of the managers used a patient classification system as a management tool, and there were difficulties associated with their use of the tool.

Conclusion
A conceptual model was developed based on the themes, subthemes, categories, and sub-categories in this study. The model demonstrates major differences between psychiatric settings with biomedical models versus psychosocial models. Managers with knowledge of PCS data can better advocate for patients’ holistic needs and adequate nursing resource allocation. Managers may lack the knowledge and skills required for model transformation, and continuing management/leadership education is recommended.
Spatial Distribution and Determinants of Home Delivery of Women in Rural Ethiopia
Authors: Belay Denekew Bitew , Tilahun Kefale , Birhan Nigussie Adam , Tiku Meskerm , Chen Ding-Geng 
Published: February 2025

Introduction
Maternal mortality remains a global public health issue, with 303,000 women dying each year due to childbirth-related complications. In Ethiopia, it is common practice for women to give birth without a healthcare professional’s assistance. This study’s objective is to investigate the spatial variation and factors associated with home delivery among reproductive-age women in rural Ethiopia.

Methods
The study used data from the Ethiopian Mini Demographic and Health Survey 2019. A weighted sample of 4160 reproductive-age women was employed in this study. For spatial analysis, Global Moran’s I and Getis-Ord Gi* analysis was used to detect the presence of clustering and hotspot areas of home delivery respectively. A multilevel logistic regression model was employed to identify factors associated with home delivery. An adjusted odds ratio with a corresponding 95% confidence interval and a p-value of < 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance.

Results
The prevalence of home delivery in rural Ethiopia was 58.72% (95% CI: 57.20, 60.20). The spatial analysis showed the spatial disparities of home delivery across rural Ethiopia (global Moran’s I = 0.525, p-value=0.042). Getis-Ord Gi* analysis identified significant hotspot areas of home delivery in the Somali, Afar, Harari, and Dire Dawa regions. Rich wealth index (AOR = 0.392, 95% CI: 0.316, 0.487), secondary and above education (AOR = 0.297, 95% CI: 0.202, 0.438), household family size 7 and above (AOR= 2.279, 95% CI:1.643, 3.161), multiple births (AOR = 0.429, 95% CI: 0.269, 0.685), community poverty (AOR= 2.084, 95% CI:1.712,2.538) and community illiteracy (AOR= 2.232, 95% CI:1.864,2.674) were significant determinant factors for home delivery.

Conclusion
The proportion of home delivery in rural Ethiopia is still more than fifty percent and the study showed significant spatial disparities across the regions of Ethiopia. Mother’s educational level, parity, religion, family size, type of birth, wealth index, community poverty, and community illiteracy were found to be significant determinants of home delivery. Moreover, a health promotion strategy and public awareness to scale up education, and improving economic status are vital to reduce home delivery in the identified hotspot areas. Considering the finding that the education of women affects the place of delivery, the Ethiopian government with stakeholders should enhance initiatives to improve the educational status of women. Moreover, planners and policymakers should make further efforts to alleviate poverty at the household and community level.
Autism and Suicide: Strategies to Integrate Emerging Evidence in Child and Adolescent Suicide Risk Assessments
Authors: Gupta Mayank , Gupta Nihit , Petti Theodore A. 
Published: February 2025

Background:
This narrative review considers implications for the
increasing prevalence of diagnosed autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in clinical
settings. Clinicians and researchers can be guided through an improved
understanding of associated factors increasing the risk for suicidality and suicide
in individuals manifesting symptoms of ASD and high ASD traits (ASDTs).

Methods:
A systematic literature review is supplemented with reverse citations to
ensure updated information. By title and abstract, 456 articles were identified. Of
those, 50 were used initially, and 15 were later added manually or through
reverse citations.

Results:
Higher suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) and suicide rates exist
across the age spectrum in individuals with ASD/high ASDTs compared to
matched comparison groups from the general population. Associated, poorly
understood factors include comorbid psychiatric conditions and suicide risk
factors that overlap with ASD symptoms. Increased risk of STB in higher
functioning ASD is emphasized. Interpersonal conflict and depression are
significant risk factors, as are comorbid borderline personality, bipolar disorder,
anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorders.

Conclusion:
Multiple diagnostic challenges are considered that affect appropriate
care to address the increasing incidence of STB and suicide in ASD. This
overview integrates extant knowledge for case formulation and treatment
planning. It provides support for more focused research to improve ASD-related
screening instruments and to address the unique features of ASD-related
psychopathology. Improved training is needed for clinicians in screening and
preventive efforts and to enhance their competence and comfort for addressing
and treating STBs in those with ASDTs and ASD. (N=248).
Bacteria in spiders? Presence of Wolbachia (Rickettsiales, Ehrlichiaceae) in Synspermiata spiders, including the first record for the family Sicariidae (Araneae)
Authors: Navarro Rodríguez Claudia Isabel , Valdez Mondragón Alejandro , Juárez Sánchez Alma Rosa , Nolasco Garduño Samuel 
Published: February 2025

Infection by the endosymbiotic bacteria Wolbachia (Ehrlichiaceae) has been recorded in a wide variety of arthropods, including spiders. Within the order Araneae, there are previous reports of Wolbachia infection in Synspermiata spiders. Herein, we assess the presence of Wolbachia in the genera Physocyclus (Pholcidae) and Loxosceles (Sicariidae) through molecular studies using the mitochondrial marker Cytochrome c oxidase 1 (CO1). We detected the presence of this bacteria in one Physocyclus species and seven Loxosceles species from Mexico. Our

findings represent the fifth record for the family Pholcidae and the first records for the family Sicariidae, being all first records of Wolbachia in spiders from Mexico. Combining these results with previous works, Wolbachia infection in spiders has been recorded in 19 families, 70 genera, and 122 species. The Linyphiidae family has the highest number of species reported with Wolbachia infections, with 43 species across 27 genera. Within Synspermiata spiders, Wolbachia has now been documented within: Dysderidae, Pholcidae, Telemidae, and Sicariidae families, being the last having the most records with seven species.