bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Allergenic and immunogenic potential of cow's milk β‐lactoglobulin and caseins evidenced without adjuvant in germ‐free mice
Authors: Morin Stéphanie , Bernard Hervé , Przybylski‐Nicaise Laetitia , Corthier Gérard , Rabot Sylvie , Wal Jean‐Michel , Hazebrouck Stéphane 
Published: September 2011

AbstractScope: In most animal models of allergy, the development of an IgE response requires the use of an adjuvant. Germ‐free (GF) mice exhibit Th2‐polarized antibody responses combined with defective immunosuppressive mechanisms. The sensitizing potential of milk proteins was investigated in GF mice in the absence of adjuvant.Methods and results: β‐lactoglobulin (BLG) and whole casein (CAS) allergenicity was evaluated by means of intraperitoneal injections without adjuvant. Injections of BLG induced significant IgE and IgG1 responses in GF mice, while CAS injections provoked the production of IgG1 toward κ‐ and αS1‐caseins. No significant antibody response was evidenced in conventional (CV) mice. After in vitro BLG‐reactivation, IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐13 and IFN‐γ productions by splenocytes were higher in GF mice than in CV mice. Heat‐treatment decreased BLG allergenicity as indicated by the absence of IgE production in GF mice. However, heat‐treatment increased protein immunogenicity and led to the production of anti‐BLG and anti‐κ‐casein IgG1 in both GF and CV mice. This correlated with enhanced productions of IL‐4, IL‐5 and IL‐13 in BLG‐reactivated splenocytes from CV mice.Conclusion: Gut colonization by commensal bacteria appeared then to significantly reduce the susceptibility of mice toward the intrinsic allergenic and immunogenic potential of milk proteins.
Ginger phytochemicals mitigate the obesogenic effects of a high‐fat diet in mice: A proteomic and biomarker network analysis
Authors: Beattie John H. , Nicol Fergus , Gordon Margaret‐Jane , Reid Martin D. , Cantlay Louise , Horgan Graham W. , Kwun In‐Sook , Ahn Ji‐Yun , Ha Tae‐Youl 
Published: September 2011

AbstractScope: Natural dietary anti‐obesogenic phytochemicals may help combat the rising global incidence of obesity. We aimed to identify key hepatic pathways targeted by anti‐obsogenic ginger phytochemicals fed to mice.Methods and results: Weaning mice were fed a high‐fat diet containing 6‐gingerol (HFG), zerumbone (HFZ), a characterized rhizome extract of the ginger‐related plant Alpinia officinarum Hance (high fat goryankang, HFGK) or no phytochemicals (high‐fat control, HFC) for 6 wks and were compared with mice on a low‐fat control diet (LFC). Increased adiposity in the HFC group, compared with the LFC group, was significantly (p<0.05) reduced in the HFG and HFGK groups without food intake being affected. Correlation network analysis, including a novel residuals analysis, was utilized to investigate relationships between liver proteomic data, lipid and cholesterol biomarkers and physiological indicators of adiposity. 6‐Gingerol significantly increased plasma cholesterol but hepatic farnesyl diphosphate synthetase, which is involved in cholesterol biosynthesis was decreased, possibly by negative feedback. Acetyl‐coenzyme A acyltransferase 1 and enoyl CoA hydratase, which participate in the β‐oxidation of fatty acids were significantly (p<0.05) increased by consumption of phytochemical‐supplemented diets.Conclusion: Dietary ginger phytochemicals target cholesterol metabolism and fatty acid oxidation in mice, with anti‐obesogenic but also hypercholesterolemic consequences.
A food matrix reduces digestion and absorption of food allergens in vivo
Authors: Schulten Veronique , Lauer Iris , Scheurer Stephan , Thalhammer Theresia , Bohle Barbara 
Published: September 2011

AbstractScope: Food allergy is caused by primary (class 1) food allergens, e.g. Bos d 5 (cow's milk) and Cor a 8 (hazelnut) or secondary (class 2) food allergens, e.g. Mal d 1 (apple). The latter cannot sensitize susceptible individuals but can cause allergy due to immunological cross‐reactivity with homologous respiratory allergens. Here, we studied the effects of food matrix on gastrointestinal proteolysis, epithelial transport and in vivo absorption of class 1 and class 2 food allergens.Methods and results: Mal d 1 lost its IgE‐reactivity immediately after simulated gastric digestion whereas Bos d 5 and Cor a 8 did not. Only Cor a 8 maintained IgE‐binding capacity after simulated intestinal proteolysis. The presence of hazelnut and peanut extracts, which served as protein‐rich model food matrices, delayed gastrointestinal degradation and reduced epithelial transport rates of all allergens through CaCo‐2 monolayers. Finally, IgE‐reactive allergens were assessed at different time points in sera from rats fed with all three allergens with or without hazelnut extract. The levels of all allergens peaked 2 h after animals were fed without matrix and increased over 8 h after feeding.Conclusions: A protein‐rich food matrix delays gastrointestinal digestion and epithelial transport of food allergens and thereby may affect their sensitizing capacity and clinical symptoms.
Transitional states of acrosomal exocytosis and proteolytic processing of the acrosomal matrix in guinea pig sperm
Authors: Kim Kye‐Seong , Foster James A. , Kvasnicka Kevin W. , Gerton George L. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn this study, we adapted a FluoSphere bead‐binding assay to study the exposure and release of guinea pig sperm acrosomal components during the course of capacitation and acrosomal exocytosis. Prior to capacitation or the initiation of exocytosis, acrosomal proteins were not accessible to FluoSpheres coated with antibodies against two acrosomal matrix (AM) proteins, AM67 and AM50; during the course of capacitation and ionophore‐induced acrosomal exocytosis, however, we detected the transient exposure of the solid‐phase AM proteins on the surface of guinea pig sperm using the antibody‐coated fluorescent beads. Several different transitional stages leading to complete acrosomal exocytosis were classified, and we propose these represent true, functional intermediates since some of the AM proteins are orthologues of mouse proteins that bind the zona pellucida (ZP) of unfertilized eggs. In addition, we present evidence that implicates acrosin in the proteolytic processing of AM50 during AM disassembly. Thus, we propose that the transitional states of acrosomal exocytosis involve early binding of AM proteins to the ZP (by what visually appear to be “acrosome‐intact” sperm), maintenance of ZP binding that coincides with the progressive exposure of AM proteins, and gradual proteolytic disassembly of the AM to allow sperm movement through the ZP. We feel this “transitional states” model provides a more refined view of acrosomal function that supports a move away from the widely held, overly simplistic, and binary “acrosome‐reaction” model, and embraces a more dynamic view of acrosomal exocytosis that involves intermediate stages of the secretory process in ZP binding and penetration. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 78:930–941, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Interobserver reproducibility of quantitative meniscus analysis using coronal multiplanar DESS and IWTSE MR imaging
Authors: Siorpaes Kristina , Wenger Andrea , Bloecker Katja , Wirth Wolfgang , Hudelmaier Martin , Eckstein Felix 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine the interobserver reproducibility of quantitative measures of meniscus size and position, and to compare the interobserver reproducibility and agreement between a double echo steady state water excitation and an intermediately‐weighted turbo spin‐echo sequence. Eight knees (four healthy, four with radiographic knee osteoarthritis) from the Osteoarthritis Initiative cohort were studied. Manual segmentation of the menisci was performed by three observers and quantitative measures of meniscus size and position (i.e., extrusion) computed using image analysis software. The root mean square interobserver reproducibility error (e.g., 5.4% for medial meniscus volume with double echo steady state and 8.4% with intermediately‐weighted turbo spin‐echo) was found considerably smaller than the intersubject variability (average ratio ∼1:3). The lowest interobserver reproducibility error for meniscus extrusion was obtained for the central five coronal slices across the tibial surface. Quantitative meniscus measures from double echo steady state and intermediately‐weighted turbo spin‐echo were highly correlated (r = 0.71 to 0.99 for the medial meniscus). Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Superbalanced steady state free precession
Authors: Bieri Oliver 
Published: September 2011

AbstractSteady state free precession (SSFP) signal theory is commonly derived in the limit of quasi‐instantaneous radiofrequency (RF) excitation. SSFP imaging protocols, however, are frequently set up with minimal pulse repetition times and RF pulses can thus constitute a considerable amount to the actual pulse repetition time. As a result, finite RF pulse effects can lead to 10–20% signal deviation from common SSFP theory in the transient and in the steady state which may impair the accuracy of SSFP‐based quantitative imaging techniques. In this article, a new and generic approach for intrinsic compensation of finite RF pulse effects is introduced. Compensation is based on balancing relaxation effects during finite RF excitation, similar to flow or motion compensation of gradient moments. RF pulse balancing, in addition to the refocusing of gradient moments with balanced SSFP, results in a superbalanced SSFP sequence free of finite RF pulse effects in the transient and in the steady state; irrespective of the RF pulse duration, flip angles, relaxation times, or off‐resonances. Superbalancing of SSFP sequences can be used with all quantitative SSFP techniques where finite RF pulse effects are expected or where elongated RF pulses are used. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Improved least squares MR image reconstruction using estimates of k‐Space data consistency
Authors: Johnson Kevin M. , Block Walter F. , Reeder Scott. B. , Samsonov Alexey 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis study describes a new approach to reconstruct data that has been corrupted by unfavorable magnetization evolution. In this new framework, images are reconstructed in a weighted least squares fashion using all available data and a measure of consistency determined from the data itself. The reconstruction scheme optimally balances uncertainties from noise error with those from data inconsistency, is compatible with methods that model signal corruption, and may be advantageous for more accurate and precise reconstruction with many least squares‐based image estimation techniques including parallel imaging and constrained reconstruction/compressed sensing applications. Performance of the several variants of the algorithm tailored for fast spin echo and self‐gated respiratory gating applications was evaluated in simulations, phantom experiments, and in vivo scans. The data consistency weighting technique substantially improved image quality and reduced noise as compared to traditional reconstruction approaches. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of B1 inhomogeneity correction for three‐dimensional variable flip angle T1 measurements in hip dGEMRIC at 3 T and 1.5 T
Authors: Siversson Carl , Chan Jenny , Tiderius Carl‐Johan , Mamisch Tallal Charles , Jellus Vladimir , Svensson Jonas , Kim Young‐Jo 
Published: September 2011

AbstractDelayed gadolinium‐enhanced MRI of cartilage is a technique for studying the development of osteoarthritis using quantitative T1 measurements. Three‐dimensional variable flip angle is a promising method for performing such measurements rapidly, by using two successive spoiled gradient echo sequences with different excitation pulse flip angles. However, the three‐dimensional variable flip angle method is very sensitive to inhomogeneities in the transmitted B1 field in vivo. In this study, a method for correcting for such inhomogeneities, using an additional B1 mapping spin‐echo sequence, was evaluated. Phantom studies concluded that three‐dimensional variable flip angle with B1 correction calculates accurate T1 values also in areas with high B1 deviation. Retrospective analysis of in vivo hip delayed gadolinium‐enhanced MRI of cartilage data from 40 subjects showed the difference between three‐dimensional variable flip angle with and without B1 correction to be generally two to three times higher at 3 T than at 1.5 T. In conclusion, the B1 variations should always be taken into account, both at 1.5 T and at 3 T. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Power independent of number of slices (PINS) radiofrequency pulses for low‐power simultaneous multislice excitation
Authors: Norris David G. , Koopmans Peter J. , Boyacioğlu Rasim , Barth Markus 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis communication describes radiofrequency pulses capable of performing spatially periodic excitation, inversion, and refocusing. The generation of such pulses either by multiplication of existing radiofrequency pulses by a Dirac comb function or by means of Fourier series expansion is described. Practical schemes for the implementation of such pulses are given, and strategies for optimizing the pulse profile at fixed pulse duration are outlined. The pulses are implemented using a spin‐echo sequence. The power deposition is independent of the number of slices acquired, and hence the power deposition per slice is considerably reduced compared to multislice imaging. Excellent image quality is obtained both in phantoms and in images of the human head. These pulses should find widespread application for multiplexed imaging, in particular at high static magnetic field strengths and for pulse sequences that have a high radiofrequency power deposition and could lead to dramatic increases in scanning efficiency. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Motion correction for myocardial T1 mapping using image registration with synthetic image estimation
Authors: Xue Hui , Shah Saurabh , Greiser Andreas , Guetter Christoph , Littmann Arne , Jolly Marie‐Pierre , Arai Andrew E , Zuehlsdorff Sven , Guehring Jens , Kellman Peter 
Published: September 2011

AbstractQuantification of myocardial T1 relaxation has potential value in the diagnosis of both ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathies. Image acquisition using the modified Look‐Locker inversion recovery technique is clinically feasible for T1 mapping. However, respiratory motion limits its applicability and degrades the accuracy of T1 estimation. The robust registration of acquired inversion recovery images is particularly challenging due to the large changes in image contrast, especially for those images acquired near the signal null point of the inversion recovery and other inversion times for which there is little tissue contrast. In this article, we propose a novel motion correction algorithm. This approach is based on estimating synthetic images presenting contrast changes similar to the acquired images. The estimation of synthetic images is formulated as a variational energy minimization problem. Validation on a consecutive patient data cohort shows that this strategy can perform robust nonrigid registration to align inversion recovery images experiencing significant motion and lead to suppression of motion induced artifacts in the T1 map. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recycling of 3He from lung magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Salhi Z. , Großmann T. , Gueldner M. , Heil W. , Karpuk S. , Otten E. W. , Rudersdorf D. , Surkau R. , Wolf U. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe have developed the means to recycle 3He exhaled by patients after imaging the lungs using magnetic resonance of hyperpolarized 3He. The exhaled gas is collected in a helium leak proof bag and further compressed into a steel bottle. The collected gas contains about 1–2% of 3He, depending on the amount administered and the number of breaths collected to wash out the 3He gas from the lungs. 3He is separated from the exhaled air using zeolite molecular sieve adsorbent at 77 K followed by a cold head at 8 K. Residual gaseous impurities are finally absorbed by a commercial nonevaporative getter. The recycled 3He gas features high purity, which is required for repolarization by metastability exchange optical pumping. At present, we achieve a collection efficiency of 80–84% for exhaled gas from healthy volunteers and cryogenic separation efficiency of 95%. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preserving sarcomere number after tenotomy requires stretch and contraction
Authors: Van Dyke Jonathan M. , Bain James L.W. , Riley Danny A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIntroduction: Passive stretch therapy is utilized to improve the range of motion of chronically shortened muscles. However, human studies show conflicting results as whether passive stretch is clinically effective. Methods: The soleus muscles of adult rats were tenotomized to induce muscle shortening adaptation. Muscles included were non‐treated normal, subjected to daily static stretch, or lengthened and isometrically contracted for 20 min/day. Muscle fiber structure was analyzed histochemically. Sarcomeres per millimeter length were counted to assess the effect of treatment. Results: Passive stretch significantly reduced central core lesion formation, but sarcomere loss was not prevented. The addition of isometric contraction during static stretch significantly (P < 0.001) reduced sarcomere loss. Conclusions: Passive stretch alone does not prevent shortening adaptation. Contraction is required in combination with stretch to preserve the number of sarcomeres in series. The combination of stretch and contraction is necessary to maintain proper muscle fiber length. Muscle Nerve, 2012
Clinical utility of sensory nerve conduction of medial femoral cutaneous nerve
Authors: Oh Shin J. , Hatanaka Yuki , Ohira Masayuki , Kurokawa Katsuimi , Claussen Gwen C. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIntroduction: In this investigation we report on the clinical utility of sensory nerve conduction studies of the medial femoral cutaneous (MFC) nerve.Methods:Sensory nerve conduction of the MFC nerve was assessed in 22 patients for whom this test was considered clinically necessary.Results:MFC nerve conduction was abnormal in 4 cases of MFC neuropathy. The most common cause was iatrogenic in 14 femoral neuropathy cases. MFC nerve conduction showed absent or low‐amplitude sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) in 13 cases, with femoral motor nerve conduction abnormal in 5 cases. In 2 cases with acute lumbar plexopathy, the MFC SNAP was absent unilaterally. MFC nerve conduction was normal in 1 case with diabetic lumbar radiculopathy and in another case with postpolio syndrome.Conclusion:Assessment of MFC nerve conduction is extremely useful in the diagnosis of femoral neuropathy, medial femoral cutaneous neuropathy, and lumbar plexopathy. Muscle Nerve, 2012
An interface‐enriched generalized FEM for problems with discontinuous gradient fields
Authors: Soghrati Soheil , Aragón Alejandro M. , Armando Duarte C. , Geubelle Philippe H. 
Published: September 2011

SUMMARYA new generalized FEM is introduced for solving problems with discontinuous gradient fields. The method relies on enrichment functions associated with generalized degrees of freedom at the nodes generated from the intersection of the phase interface with element edges. The proposed approach has several advantages over conventional generalized FEM formulations, such as a lower computational cost, easier implementation, and straightforward handling of Dirichlet boundary conditions. A detailed convergence study of the proposed method and a comparison with the standard FEM are presented for heat transfer problems. The method achieves the optimal rate of convergence using meshes that do not conform to the interfaces present in the domain while achieving a level of accuracy comparable to that of the standard FEM with conforming meshes. Various application problems are presented, including the conjugate heat transfer problem encountered in microvascular materials. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Numerical approximation of Quasi‐Newtonian flows by ALE‐FEM
Authors: Lee Hyesuk 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe aim of this work is to investigate the numerical approximation of a nonlinear, time‐dependent quasi‐Newtonian flow problem formulated in the framework of Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian method. We present some stability results and convergence analysis of finite element solutions for semidiscrete and fully discretized problems, respectively. Numerical results supporting the derived error estimate are also presented. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2012
Modeling the effects of past relationship and obligation on changes in the health and health promotion of women caregivers of family members with dementia
Authors: Hodgins Marilyn J. , Wuest Judith , Malcolm Jeannie 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWuest's (1998, 2001) caregiving theory was tested with 282 women self‐identified as caregivers of family members with dementia to examine how quality of past relationship within caregiving dyads and sense of obligation to care affected their health outcomes and health promotion over 9 months, using latent growth curve analysis. The model explained 62% of the variance in women's health (Time 4). Health was affected positively by past relationship and negatively by obligation. Health promotion was positively affected by health (Time 1) and by obligation. Change observed in health promotion was nonlinear and positively affected health (Time 4). Findings suggest past relationship and obligation to care predict health outcomes for caregivers and that interventions to increase caregivers' health promotion may improve health outcomes. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 34:440–456, 2011
Middle Palaeolithic Cave Taphonomy: Discerning Humans from Hyenas at Arcy‐sur‐Cure, France
Authors: Enloe J. G. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTRecent excavations at the Grotte du Bison, Arcy‐sur‐Cure, demonstrate essential continuity in industrial succession from the late Mousterian into the Châtelperronian. The faunal assemblage, however, demonstrates considerable occupation by hyenas and bears in alternation with that by humans in the underlying Mousterian levels. This demonstrates one of the fundamental problems of cave stratigraphies. The archaeological record of the Middle Palaeolithic rarely presents unambiguous associations and spatial configuration. A substantial proportion of the Middle Palaeolithic archaeological record has been investigated in cave mouth and rock shelter sites. Cave taphonomy most often results in complex palimpsests of depositional history, mixing debris from prehistoric human occupations with those from other processes, both geological and faunal. Spatial analysis may be one way of deciphering portions of complex depositions. Data from one Middle Palaeolithic level of the Grotte du Bison are presented here to illustrate the potential for discerning differential activity and occupation areas resulting from Neanderthals, hyenas and other animals. Signatures of associations of bone fragments with other classes of material recovered from recent excavations are offered to identify those portions of the palimpsest attributable to human activities. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.