bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1,25D3 Enhances antitumor activity of gemcitabine and cisplatin in human bladder cancer models
Authors: Ma Yingyu , Yu Wei‐Dong , Trump Donald L. , Johnson Candace S. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3) potentiates the cytotoxic effects of several common chemotherapeutic agents. The combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin is a current standard chemotherapy regimen for bladder cancer. The authors investigated whether 1,25D3 could enhance the antitumor activity of gemcitabine and cisplatin in bladder cancer model systems.METHODS:Human bladder cancer T24 and UMUC3 cells were pretreated with 1,25D3 followed by gemcitabine and cisplatin. Apoptosis was assessed by annexin V staining. Caspase activation was examined by immunoblot analysis and substrate‐based caspase activity assay. The cytotoxic effects were examined by using 3‐(4,5‐Dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2H‐tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and in vitro clonogenic assay. p73 protein levels were assessed by immunoblot analysis. Knockdown of p73 was achieved by siRNA. The in vivo antitumor activity was assessed by in vivo excision clonogenic assay and tumor regrowth delay in the T24 xenograft model.RESULTS:1,25D3 pretreatment enhanced gemcitabine and cisplatin‐induced apoptosis and the activities of caspases 8, 9, and 3 in T24 and UMUC3 cells. 1,25D3 synergistically reduced gemcitabine and cisplatin‐suppressed surviving fraction in T24 cells. 1,25D3, gemcitabine, or cisplatin induced p73 accumulation, which was enhanced by gemcitabine and cisplatin or 1,25D3 and gemcitabine and cisplatin. p73 expression was lower in human primary bladder tumor tissue compared with adjacent normal tissue. Knockdown of p73 increased clonogenic capacity of T24 cells treated with 1,25D3, gemcitabine and cisplatin, or 1,25D3 and gemcitabine and cisplatin. 1,25D3 and gemcitabine and cisplatin combination enhanced tumor regression compared with 1,25D3 or gemcitabine and cisplatin alone.CONCLUSIONS:1,25D3 potentiates gemcitabine and cisplatin‐mediated growth inhibition in human bladder cancer models in vitro and in vivo, which involves p73 induction and apoptosis. Cancer 2010; 116:3294‐303. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Palliative radiotherapy tailored to life expectancy in end‐stage cancer patients
Authors: Gripp Stephan , Mjartan Sibylle , Boelke Edwin , Willers Reinhardt 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:The purpose of the study was to investigate the adequacy of palliative radiation treatment in end‐stage cancer patients.METHODS:Of 216 patients referred for palliative radiotherapy, 33 died within 30 days and constitute the population of the study. Symptoms, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), laboratory tests, and survival estimates were obtained. Treatment course was evaluated by medical records. Univariate analyses were performed by using the 2‐sided chi‐square test. With significant variables, multiple regression analysis was performed.RESULTS:Median age was 65 years, and median survival was 15 days. Prevailing primary cancer types were lung (39%) and breast (18%). Metastases were present in 94% of patients, brain (36%), bone (24%) and lung (18%). In 91%, KPS was <50%. KPS, lactate dehydrogenase, dyspnea, leucocytosis, and brain metastases conveyed a poor prognosis. From 85 survival estimates, only 16% were correct, but 21% expected more than 6 months. Radiotherapy was delivered to 91% of patients. In 90% of radiation treatments, regimens of at least 30 Gy with fractions of 2‐3 Gy were applied. Half of the patients spent greater than 60% of their remaining lifespan on therapy. In only 58% of patients was radiotherapy completed. Progressive complaints were noted in 52% and palliation in 26%.CONCLUSIONS:Radiotherapy was not appropriately customized to these patients considering the median treatment time, which resembles the median survival time. About half of the patients did not benefit despite spending most of their remaining lives on therapy. Prolonged irradiation schedules probably reflect overly optimistic prognoses and unrealistic concerns about late radiation damage. Single‐fraction radiotherapy was too seldom used. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Experimental determination of laws of color harmony. Part 5: The harmony content of the various hue triads
Authors: Nemcsics Antal 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe, in 1956 the Department of Architecture at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics, decided to start an extensive color harmony experiment. The experimental work, the collation, and processing of the collected data, lasting 50 years, was completed in 2006. The experiments described in this article are based on earlier experimental results obtained from investigation into the harmony content of hue pairs. We then decided to search for a third hue, which in association with an existing pair, with high‐color harmony, forms a hue triad with high‐harmony content too. The compositions prepared for the experiment were composed in each case of three hues of four identical saturation but different brightness, forming a group of 12 colors. The color content of the compositions covered the color space uniformly. That was the first stage in the experiment, carried out with 60 compositions. In the second stage, we investigated the effect of the saturation content of the colors used in the composition, on the harmony content of the hue triads. For this experiment, we prepared 48 compositions. In these experiments, we applied the method of grading. We concluded that the level of the harmony content of the hue triads depends on the inclination between the hue planes in the Coloroid color space. We also concluded that to every hue, selected for starting point, six well‐definable groups of hues can be ordered from the Coloroid color space, from which color triads with high harmony content, can be selected. It showed conclusively that the saturation level of the individual members of the triads has a significant influence on their harmony content. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2011
Color heterogeneity in visual search
Authors: Monnier Patrick 
Published: April 2010

AbstractDistractor color heterogeneity refers to a condition in which a target is presented among distractors of different chromaticities. In the present study, the amount distractor color heterogeneity was varied systematically to determine how efficiently the visual system processes displays composed of search elements of multiple colors. Distractor color heterogeneity was expressed by selecting distractor chromaticities from sectors of various angles in a cone‐based normalized color space. The generalizability of the measurements was tested using two different visual search paradigms. An accuracy search task was used in which the search displays were presented as brief flashes and the dependent variable was search accuracy. A latency search task was used in which the display presentation time was under the participant's control and the dependent variable was reaction time. Compared to a homogeneous condition with distractors of a single color, distractor color heterogeneity had a deleterious effect on search performance in both paradigms. In normalized units, the measurements were similar across participants, target chromaticities, and tasks, but the same measurements expressed in non‐normalized units showed clear and systematic individual differences. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2011
Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system to study intercompartmental proteostasis: Interrelation of mitochondrial function, longevity, and neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Kirstein‐Miles Janine , Morimoto Richard I. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe protein quality control system, composed of molecular chaperones and proteases, is of vital importance for the maintenance and function of the proteome and the health of the cell. To achieve this, the cellular proteostasis network integrates the protein folding machinery across all compartments of the eukaryotic cell to enable efficient communication and coordinate a rapid response of folding capacity. Quality control in the mitochondria, however, differs from its cytosolic counterpart due to its prokaryotic origin, and is entirely encoded by the nuclear genome. The control and regulatory cross‐talk of mitochondrial function in cellular proteostasis is essential for cellular metabolism, organismal development, and lifespan. Consequently, mitochondrial dysfunction has dramatic effects on the development and progression of a number of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia and Parkinson's disease. Studies using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system have greatly contributed to our current knowledge of inter‐compartmental proteostasis on the cellular and organismal levels. Developmental Dynamics 239:1529–1538, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inducible lineage tracing of Pax7‐descendant cells reveals embryonic origin of adult satellite cells
Authors: Lepper Christoph , Fan Chen‐Ming 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe have generated a mouse strain carrying a Cre‐ERT2 knock‐in allele at the Pax7 locus, the Pax7CE allele (Lepper et al., 2009, Nature 460:627–631). Combining Pax7CE and the R26RLacZ Cre reporter allele, here we describe temporal‐specific tamoxifen (tmx)‐inducible lineage tracing of embryonic Pax7‐expressing cells. In particular, we focus on the somitic lineage. Tmx‐inducible Cre activity directed by the Pax7CE allele is similar to the endogenous Pax7 expression pattern. The somitic Pax7‐expressing cells selectively marked at embryonic day 9.5 (E9.5) give rise to dorsal dermis and brown adipose tissue, in addition to dorsal aspects of trunk muscles and the diaphragm muscle. However, they do not contribute to ventral body wall and limb muscles. After E12.5, marked Pax7‐expressing cells become lineage restricted to muscles. Descendants of these early marked Pax7‐expressing cells begin to occupy sublaminal positions associated with the myofibers around E16.5, characteristic of embryonic satellite cells. Furthermore, they contribute to adult myofibers and regeneration competent satellite cells in the tibialis anterior muscle, providing evidence that some adult satellite cells are of embryonic origin. genesis 48:424–436, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Analysis of a zebrafish behavioral mutant reveals a dominant mutation in atp2a1/SERCA1
Authors: Olson Bryan D. , Sgourdou Paraskevi , Downes Gerald B. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractZebrafish embryos demonstrate robust swimming behavior, which consists of smooth, alternating body bends. In contrast, several motility mutants have been identified that perform sustained, bilateral trunk muscle contractions which result in abnormal body shortening. Unlike most of these mutants, accordion (acc)dta5 demonstrates a semidominant effect: Heterozygotes exhibit a distinct but less severe phenotype than homozygotes. Using molecular‐genetic mapping and candidate gene analysis, we determined that accdta5 mutants harbor a novel mutation in atp2a1, which encodes SERCA1, a calcium pump important for muscle relaxation. Previous studies have shown that eight other acc alleles compromise SERCA1 function, but these alleles were all reported to be recessive. Quantitative behavioral assays, complementation testing, and analysis of molecular models all indicate that the accdta5 mutation diminishes SERCA1 function to a greater degree than other acc alleles through either haploinsufficient or dominant‐negative molecular mechanisms. Since mutation of human ATP2A1 results in Brody disease, an exercise‐induced impairment of muscle relaxation, accdta5 mutants may provide a particularly sensitive model of this disorder. genesis, 48:354–361, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Numerical analysis of chaos synchronization in semiconductor lasers subject to a common drive signal
Authors: Oowada Isao , Yamamoto Toru , Uchida Atsushi , Yoshimori Shigeru , Yoshimura Kazuyuki , Muramatsu Jun , Goto Shin‐Itiro , Davis Peter 
Published: April 2010

AbstractChaos synchronization of two semiconductor lasers commonly driven by a chaotic semiconductor laser subject to optical feedback was observed. Strongly correlated chaos synchronization between the two response lasers was observed even when the correlation between the drive and response lasers was low. It is shown that the cross correlation between the two responses is larger than that between the drive and response lasers over a wide parameter region. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 93(5): 50–58, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10200
A study on adaptive notch filter using exponential all‐pass transfer function
Authors: Kobayashi Masaki , Wang Chi 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe propose an adaptive notch filter that realizes the phase shift of the all‐pass filter by the expression of Fourier sine series. The method of controlling the weights of the all‐pass filter formed by IIR filters is well known. However, these adaptive notch filters have not been put to practical use due to the peculiar stability problems of IIR filters and the problem of determining the degree of the IIR filter. The proposed adaptive notch filter is always stable since the all‐pass filter is formed by exponential filters. Furthermore, the adaptive algorithm is a simple gradient‐based algorithm and convergence of weights is guaranteed. The degree of the all‐pass filter depends only on the required steepness of the elimination characteristic and does not depend on the number of narrowband signals that are to be eliminated. Furthermore, the proposed method is suitable for practical use because the elimination characteristic is hardly influenced by a broadband signal added to the narrowband signal. The analytical results and a rigorous verification of the above features by computer simulation are presented. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 93(5): 8–14, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10256
Analysis of structural deformation and vibration of a transformer core by using magnetic property of magnetostriction
Authors: Kitagawa Wataru , Ishihara Yoshiyuki , Todaka Toshiyuki , Nakasaka Akira 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA technique for structural analysis of transformer cores in terms of magnetostriction is proposed. The magnetic flux density of each element is first calculated by the finite element method (FEM). Then the magnetostrictive force on each element is calculated from measurements. The magnetostriction is specified as the initial strain and is converted into the force on each node, and a structural analysis is performed. The advantage of specifying the magnetostriction as the initial strain is that it is possible to obtain the force at the location of each element as a vector. Modal analysis and frequency response analysis were also performed and it was shown that resonance is related to the magnetostrictive frequency and the natural mode. Thus, it becomes possible to forecast the frequency at which the core vibrates most strongly which makes the proposed technique of analysis is very useful. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 172(1): 19–26, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20947
A test method of a PEFC single cell with reference electrodes
Authors: Tsutsumi Yasuyuki , Ono Seiichirou , Eguchi Mika 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA test method is proposed for obtaining correct polarization curves of PEFC single cells with reference electrodes, which in principle should have identical anode polarization curves for both H2/O2 and H2/Air. Measured anode polarization curves are usually linear to the current density but not ohmic. Leak current between cathode and reference electrode causes voltage shift on the anode polarization curve. In order to obtain the ohmic anode polarization, the measured anode polarization curve should be moved vertically up to overlap with the base point. Configuration of the electrode edge adjacent to the reference electrode gives a significant effect on the anode and cathode potential. Polarization of an electrode which is 0.5 mm nearer to the reference electrode than the other electrode does not include the ohmic loss of the membrane. Instead, polarization of the other electrode includes the ohmic loss of the membrane. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 172(1): 10–18, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20979
Photoactive Ternary Lanthanide‐Centered Hybrids with Schiff‐Base Functionalized Polysilsesquioxane Bridges and N‐Heterocyclic Ligands
Authors: Liu Jin‐Liang , Yan Bing , Guo Lei 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThis work focuses on the synthesis of a series of silica‐based organic–inorganic hybrid materials, containing different Schiff‐base organic compounds, through a covalent self‐assembly process. We first prepared three functional molecular bridges that can both coordinate to lanthanide ions (Eu3+ and Tb3+) and form inorganic Si–O–Si networks with tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) from cohydrolysis and copolycondensation processes. Meanwhile, we selected N‐heterocyclic ligands [1,10‐phenanthroline (Phen) and 2,2′‐bipyridine (Bipy)] as the second ligands to act as the main energy donor to absorb abundant energy in the UV/Vis region and to transfer the energy to the corresponding lanthanide ions to sensitize their emission. The introduction of the second ligand can also take the place of the coordinated H2O and thus reduce the quenching effect of the OH group. Measurements of the photoluminescent properties of these materials show that the ternary lanthanide/inorganic/organic hybrids present stronger luminescent intensities and higher emission quantum efficiencies. The resulting amorphous materials exhibit regular, uniform microstructures and no phase separation occured since the organic and inorganic compounds were covalently linked through Si–O bonds through a self‐assembly process.
Electrocatalytic Application of Girard's Reagent T to Simultaneous Determination of Furaldehydes in Pharmaceutical and Food Matrices by Highly Sensitive Voltammetric Methods
Authors: Shamsipur Mojtaba , Beigi Ali Akbar Miran , Teymouri Mohammad , Tash Shahram Abolhassan , Samimi Vahid 
Published: April 2010

AbstractSensitive and precise voltammetric methods for the determination of trace amounts of furaldehydes, mainly as furfural (F) and 5‐hydroxymethyl‐2‐furaldehyde (HMF), in foods, pharmaceutical and other matrices is described. Determination of total furaldehyde at <μg g−1 levels in alkaline buffered aqueous media was individually investigated. By the use of ordinary SWV and adsorptive square wave stripping voltammetry (Ad‐SWSV), the detection limits for determination of F and HMF found to be 400 and 10 ng g−1, respectively. At a 1.0 μg g−1 level of furfural in sample, the relative standard deviation (n=4) was 2.79%. The application of Ad‐SWSV to the determination of F and HMF, after their in situ derivatization with trimethylaminoacetohydrazide chloride (Girard's reagent T) at a static mercury drop electrode (SMDE) in NH3‐NH4Cl buffer of pH 9.5, resulted in a limit of detection of 10 ng g−1 for the resolved peaks of HMF and F. The results obtained by the proposed method for the real samples were compared with the corresponding results from UV‐spectrophotometry and HPLC experiments in various matrices.
Preparation and Properties of Mercury Film Electrodes on Solid Amalgam Surface
Authors: Yosypchuk Bogdan , Fojta Miroslav , Barek Jiří 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA simple apparatus (electrolyzer) and a reliable procedure were developed for the preparation of mercury films of exactly defined thickness on a silver solid amalgam substrate. Constant concentration of Hg(II) in the electrolyzer is ensured by dissolution of an anode from silver paste amalgam. Small volume of electrolyte, which can be used repeatedly many times, and paste amalgam preventing the spillage of liquid mercury substantially decrease the danger of environmental contamination with mercury. Parameters and behavior of mercury film electrodes on silver solid amalgam substrate (MF‐AgSAE) were compared with polished silver solid amalgam electrode (p‐AgSAE) which does not contain liquid mercury, with mercury meniscus modified silver solid amalgam electrode (m‐AgSAE), and with hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE). The height of anodic stripping voltammetric peaks divided by electrode area was highest for MF‐AgSAE and the width of those peaks, which determines the resolution of the method, was minimal at MF‐AgSAE. Available potential window of MF‐AgSAE in different supporting electrolytes is comparable with that of HMDE.
Mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases and cancer
Authors: de Moura Michelle Barbi , dos Santos Lucas Santana , Van Houten Bennett 
Published: April 2010

AbstractMitochondria are important integrators of cellular function and therefore affect the homeostatic balance of the cell. Besides their important role in producing adenosine triphosphate through oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondria are involved in the control of cytosolic calcium concentration, metabolism of key cellular intermediates, and Fe/S cluster biogenesis and contributed to programmed cell death. Mitochondria are also one of the major cellular producers of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Several human pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases and cancer, are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and increased ROS damage. This article reviews how dysfunctional mitochondria contribute to Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and several human cancers. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Experimental characterization of the mechanism of perfluorocarboxylic acids' liver protein bioaccumulation: The key role of the neutral species
Authors: Woodcroft Mark W. , Ellis David A. , Rafferty Steven P. , Burns Darcy C. , March Raymond E. , Stock Naomi L. , Trumpour Kyle S. , Yee Janet , Munro Kim 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) of chain length greater than seven carbon atoms bioconcentrate in the livers of fish. However, a mechanistic cause for the empirically observed increase in the bioconcentration potential of PFCAs as a function of chain length has yet to be determined. To this end, recombinant rat liver fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) was purified, and its interaction with PFCAs was characterized in an aqueous system at pH 7.4. Relative binding affinities of L-FABP with PFCAs of carbon chain lengths of five to nine were established fluorimetrically. The energetics, mechanism, and stoichiometry of the interaction of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) with L-FABP were examined further by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and electrospray ionization combined with tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). Perfluorooctanoic acid was shown to bind to L-FABP with an affinity approximately an order of magnitude less than the natural ligand, oleic acid, and to have at least 3:1 PFOA:L-FABP stoichiometry. Two distinct modes of PFOA binding to L-FABP were observed by ESI-MS/MS analysis; in both cases, PFOA binds solely as the neutral species under typical physiological pH and aqueous concentrations of the anion. A comparison of their chemical and physical properties with other well-studied biologically relevant chemicals showed that accumulation of PFCAs in proteins as the neutral species is predictable. For example, the interaction of PFOA with L-FABP is almost identical to that of the acidic ionizing drugs ketolac, ibuprofen, and warfarin that show specificity to protein partitioning with a magnitude that is proportional to the KOW (octanol–water partitioning) of the neutral species. The experimental results suggest that routine pharmacochemical models may be applicable to predicting the protein-based bioaccumulation of long-chain PFCAs. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010; 29:1669–1677. © 2010 SETAC