bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geochronological, geochemical and Sr–Nd–Hf isotopic constraints on petrogenesis of Late Mesozoic gabbro–granite complexes on the southeast coast of Fujian, South China: insights into a depleted mantle source region and crust–mantle interactions
Authors: LI ZHEN , QIU JIAN-SHENG , XU XI-SHENG 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe Quanzhou (QZ) and Huacuo (HC) gabbro–granite complexes on the southeast coast of Fujian, South China, are important components of a Late Mesozoic calc-alkaline volcanic–plutonic belt in the region. The complexes provide an excellent opportunity to investigate the genetic relationships between acid and basic magmas, and their interactions within the intrusive environment. The complexes are composed mainly of monzogranite and biotite granodiorite in the QZ complex, and biotite granite in the HC complex, with lesser amounts of hornblende gabbro. Zircon U–Pb dating provides consistent crystallization ages of 109 ± 1 Ma and 108 ± 1 Ma for the QZ gabbros and monzogranites, and an age of 111 ± 1 Ma for the HC gabbro, which is contemporaneous with the spatially associated HC granites. Both the mafic and felsic intrusions in these complexes are enriched in light rare earth elements (LREEs) and large-ion lithophile elements (LILEs), and are depleted in high-field-strength elements (HFSEs; e.g. Nb and Ta). They show similarly homogeneous Sr–Nd isotopic compositions. All these factors indicate a close genetic relationship between the gabbroic and granitic rocks in the QZ and HC complexes. Although the enriched Sr–Nd isotopic signatures of the QZ and HC gabbros seemingly point to an enriched mantle source (EM-1), they have highly variable zircon Hf isotopic compositions, with εHf(t) values ranging from negative to positive (specifically –4.6 to +6.1 for the QZ gabbros and –4.8 to +11.6 for the HC gabbros). We interpret the parental basic magmas of these gabbros to have received contributions from a depleted mantle source and crustal components. Contributions from such a depleted mantle source resulted in the growth of juvenile basaltic lower crust, the partial melting of which generated the parental felsic magmas of the QZ and HC complexes. Furthermore, based on a synthesis of petrography, geochronology, elemental and isotopic geochemistry and tectonics, we propose that break-off and rollback of the Late Mesozoic subducted Palaeo-Pacific Plate triggered the upwelling of asthenospheric mantle below the coastal area of the South China Block, which induced extension of the overlying continental lithosphere, and finally initiated the large-scale Late Yanshanian magmatism in the study area.
Prenatal and postnatal risk factors for infantile pneumonia in a representative birth cohort
Authors: CHEN C. H. , WEN H. J. , CHEN P. C. , LIN S. J. , CHIANG T. L. , HSIEH I. C. , GUO Y. L. 
Published: September 2011

SUMMARYPneumonia is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in infants. However, information of risk factors for pneumonia in children aged <6 months is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors and their contribution to infantile pneumonia in a large population-based survey. Of 24 200 randomly sampled main caregivers invited, 21 248 (87·8%) participated in this study. A structured questionnaire was used to interview the main caregivers. Information regarding whether hospitalization was required, family environment, and medical history were obtained. The prevalence of pneumonia was 0·62% in our study cohort. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that preterm birth, congenital cardiopulmonary disease, antibiotic use during pregnancy, maternal overweight, daily prenatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, maternal smoking during pregnancy, and visible mould on walls at home are risk factors associated with infantile pneumonia. Further study is warranted to investigate the causality and mechanisms of these novel factors.
Institutions, sustainable land use and consumer welfare: the case of forest and grazing lands in northern Ethiopia
Authors: Gebreegziabher Zenebe , Gebremedhin Berhanu , Mekonnen Alemu 
Published: September 2011

AbstractLand is an essential factor of production. Institutions that govern its efficient use determine the sustainability of this essential resource. In Ethiopia all land is publicly owned. Such an institutional setting is said to have resulted in the major degradation of Ethiopia's land resources and dissipation of the resource rent. An alternative to this is assigning a private property institution. In this paper, we examine the consumer welfare effects of a change in the institutional setting on communal forest and grazing lands, using a cross-section data set of 200 households in Northern Ethiopia. Findings suggest that changing the current institutional setting could indeed be welfare reducing.
Marked Rise in Replikin Counts in H5N1 Influenza Virus Localized to Lethality Gene p B1.
Authors: Bogoch Samuel , Bogoch Elenore 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAbstract: Virus outbreaks have been found to be related to the concentration of a new class of genomic peptides, Replikins^1^. The eight genes of H5N1 influenza virus were analyzed for the distribution of Replikin Counts (number Replikins /100 amino acids) in 2,441 sequences from birds and humans. An increase (p<0.001) occurred from 2004 to August 2011 in one gene, pB1.
Gas phase enthalpies of formation, isomerization, and disproportionation of mono- through tetra-substituted tetrahedranes: A G4MP2/G4 theoretical study
Authors: Rayne Sierra , Forest Kaya 
Published: September 2011

AbstractGas phase (298.15 K, 1 atm) enthalpies of formation (Δ~f~H°~(g)~), enthalpies of disproportionation to two corresponding acetylene molecules (Δ~rxn~H°~(g),Td→acet~), and enthalpies of isomerization from a tetrahedrane geometry to a 1,3-cyclobutadiene structure (Δ~isom~H°~(g),Td→CBD~) were calculated for the mono- through tetra-substituted hydro, fluoro, chloro, bromo, methyl, ethynyl, and cyano carbon tetrahedrane derivatives at the G4MP2 and G4 levels of theory. All derivatives have endothermic Δ~f~H°~(g)~ indicative of the cage strain in these systems. In all cases, Δ~rxn~H°~(g),Td→acet~ and Δ~isom~H°~(g),Td→CBD~ are predicted to be substantially exothermic. High quality linear regression fits within a homologous series were obtained between the number of substituents and the G4MP2/G4 estimated Δ~f~H°~(g)~. Via calculations on lower homolog members, this strategy was employed to allow extrapolated G4 and/or G4MP2 Δ~f~H°~(g)~ (as well as some Δ~rxn~H°~(g),Td→acet~ and Δ~isom~H°~(g),Td→CBD~) to be obtained for the mono- through tetra-substituted t-butyl, trifluoromethyl, and trimethylsilyl carbon tetrahedrane derivatives.
Annual cycle of aerosol backscatter coefficient and aerosol mixed layer height above Neuchâtel (Switzerland, 47.00°N, 6.95°E)
Authors: Srivastava Manoj K , Frioud Max , Matthey Renoud , Mitev Valentin 
Published: September 2011

AbstractDue to the complexity of the direct and indirect effects of the atmospheric aerosols on the air quality and atmospheric radiation balance, complementary methods are necessary to assess the aerosol optical properties. In this sense the backscatter lidar methods are critical in aerosol vertical distribution study. This work presents the annual cycle of aerosol backscatter coefficient (ABC) and aerosol mixed layer (AML) height over Neuchâtel, Switzerland (47.00 N; 6.950 E, 485 m asl). The study is performed by a ground based backscatter lidar operating at 532 nm wavelength as part of EARLINET program of EU. Atmospheric layering for this study is based on a classification of lower atmosphere from 1 km to 2 km above sea level (asl) and from 2 km to 5 km asl, respectively.
Feeling Queer in Dramatherapy: Transformation, Alice & the Caterpillar
Authors: Bayley Bruce Howard 
Published: September 2011

First delivered at the BADth Fundraising Event held on 23rd January 1999 at the Central School of Dramatic Art, London. (This paper is based on a lecture that I gave to the Postgraduate Diploma students at the University of Herts in 1998. When the title was first publicized I received a number of telephone calls from people asking me if the word ‘queer’ meant that I would be addressing homosexuality within Dramatherapy. I was, at first, inclined to a negative response to this question but as it was being put forward so often I decided that I would use the apparent misconception and incorporate the sexual/gender implications of the word ‘Queer’ in the paper and see where that would take us, even though I acknowledge that there is no particular connection between Carroll's use of the word ‘queer’ and Queerness as a mode of sexual or gender orientation. I did this, partly because I feel it is always useful to investigate various perceptions of a word, partly because I am both Queer (in the sense of sexual orientation) and ‘out’ (in the socio-political sense) and, partly, because I have found little if any concern or ‘marking’ of the ‘Queer question’ within the literature of Dramatherapy.)
Towards a Purposeful Ending: A Study Exploring the Impact of Dramatherapy on the Quality of Life of People Suffering from Dementia
Authors: Mechaeil Rasha , Graybow Alex , Cobham Peter 
Published: September 2011

The aim of this study was to explore the effects of Dramatherapy on people suffering from dementia. The work was a small scale quantitative study carried out over 12 weeks comparing the experience of a Dramatherapy group with an activity group. The subjects lived in the same care home and were randomly assigned to the groups. Audits assessing quality of life measures were carried out at regular intervals. The study found that the clients receiving Dramatherapy showed significant improvements in quantitative measures of attentiveness and engagement compared with those taking part in the activity group. The results identified a cumulative benefit which suggests increasingly positive outcomes for longer term Dramatherapy.
Mayan Women Survivors Speak: The Gendered Relations of Truth Telling in Postwar Guatemala
Authors: Crosby Alison , Lykes M Brinton 
Published: September 2011

Abstract1
Truth telling in response to massive violations of human rights is a gendered sociopolitical and cultural construction. It is also inherently relational and necessitates multidimensional engagement between state and civil society. Drawing on two years of feminist participatory action research, this article explores the significance of civil society-initiated truth-telling processes in Guatemala, in particular the 2010 Tribunal of Conscience for Women Survivors of Sexual Violence during the Armed Conflict. It seeks to clarify how local, national and transnational webs of relationships, and the speech acts and silences they simultaneously engender, inform processes of transformation from victim to survivor, or reinforce or reify victimization. The article examines the conditions under which indigenous women whose identities are deeply situated within local Mayan communities can narrate truth outside of those contexts, how the multiple spectators who are on the receiving end of those processes relate to ‘the pain of others’ and implications for future truth-telling processes.
Pyrosequencing the midgut transcriptome of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens
Authors: Peng X. , Zha W. , He R. , Lu T. , Zhu L. , Han B. , He G. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, is a serious pest threatening rice production across the world. To identify the main features of the gene expression and the key components of the midgut of N. lugens responsible for nutrition, xenobiotic metabolism and the immune response, we used pyrosequencing to sample the transcriptome. More than 190 000 clean sequences were generated, which led to about 30 000 unique sequences. Sequence analysis indicated that genes with abundant transcripts in the midgut of N. lugens were mainly sugar hydrolyases and transporters, proteases and detoxification‐related proteins. Based on the sequence information, we cloned the candidate sucrase gene; this enzyme is likely to interact with the perimicrovillar membrane through its highly hydrophobic C‐terminal region. Many proteases were identified, which supported the hypothesis that N. lugens uses the proteolysis system for digestion. Scores of detoxification genes were newly identified, including cytochrome P450s, glutathione S‐transferases, caroxylesterases. A wealth of new transcripts possibly participating in the immune response were described as well. The gene encoding a peptidoglycan recognition protein was cloned. Unlike in Acyrthosiphon pisum, the immunodeficiency pathway may be present in N. lugens. This is the first global analysis of midgut transcriptome from N. lugens.
Target specificity of the Candida albicans Efg1 regulator
Authors: Lassak Theresia , Schneider Eva , Bussmann Michael , Kurtz Dagmar , Manak J. Robert , Srikantha Thyagarajan , Soll David R. , Ernst Joachim F. 
Published: September 2011

SummaryEfg1 is a central transcriptional regulator of morphogenesis and metabolism in Candida albicans. In vivo genome‐wide ChIP chip and in vitro footprint analyses revealed the Efg1 recognition sequence (EGR‐box) TATGCATA in the yeast growth form of this human fungal pathogen. Upstream regions of EFG1 and genes encoding transcriptional regulators of hyphal growth including TCC1, CZF1, TEC1, DEF1 and NRG1 contained EGR‐ and/or EGR‐like boxes. Unexpectedly, after brief hyphal induction the genome‐wide Efg1 binding pattern was completely altered and new binding sites of yet unknown specificity had appeared. Hyphal induction abolished Efg1 accumulation on EFG1 and TCC1 promoters and led to rapid decline of both transcripts, although the Efg1 protein persisted in cells. While EFG1 promoter activity in the yeast growth form did not depend on bound Efg1, its downregulation under hyphal induction depended on the presence of Efg1 and the protein kinase A isoform Tpk2. Deletion analyses of the EFG1 upstream region revealed that none of its resident EGR‐boxes is uniquely responsible for EFG1 promoter downregulation. These results suggest different binding specificities of Efg1 in yeast growth and in hyphal induction and suggest a brief time window following hyphal induction, in which Efg1 exerts its repressive effect on target promoters.
ABA signal transduction at the crossroad of biotic and abiotic stress responses
Authors: LEE SUNG CHUL , LUAN SHENG 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTAbscisic acid (ABA) regulates key processes relevant to seed germination, plant development, and biotic and abiotic stress responses. Abiotic stress conditions such as drought induce ABA biosynthesis initiating the signalling pathways that lead to a number of molecular and cellular responses, among which the best known are the expression of stress‐related genes and stomatal closure. Stomatal closure also serves as a mechanism for pathogen defence, thereby acting as a platform for crosstalk between biotic and abiotic stress responses involving ABA action. Significant advances in our understanding of ABA signal transduction have been made with combination of approaches including genetics, biochemistry, electrophysiology and chemical genetics. Molecular components associated with the ABA signalling have been identified, and their relationship in the complex network of interactions is being dissected. We focused on the recent progress in ABA signal transduction, especially those studies related to identification of ABA receptors and downstream components that lead ABA signal to cellular response. In particular, we will describe a pathway model that starts with ABA binding to the PYR/PYL/RCAR family of receptors, followed by inactivation of 2C‐type protein phosphatases and activation of SnRK2‐type kinases, and eventually lead to activation of ion channels in guard cells and stomatal closure.
Effects of light conditions and after‐ripening time on seed dormancy loss of Bromus diandrus Roth.
Authors: DEL MONTE J P , DORADO J 
Published: September 2011

Del
Monte JP & Dorado J (2011). Effects of light conditions and after‐ripening time on seed dormancy loss of Bromus diandrus Roth. Weed Research51, 581–590.SummaryBromus diandrus is an emerging problem in barley crops in temperate climates, owing to its ability to adapt to certain farming techniques, as well as the absence of an efficient means of control. The aim of this study was to evaluate the germination of B. diandrus as a function of light conditions, time after ripening, temperature and water potential. Our results indicate that light conditions were the principal factor affecting germination and that seeds had negative photoblastism. Darkness modified the hydrotime parameters of the seeds somewhat, for example, by decreasing the values of Ψb and by favouring dormancy loss. The after‐ripening time significantly modified the hydrotime parameters of the seeds, causing Ψb to drift towards more negative values (greater dormancy loss) as the after‐ripening time increased. The combination of both variables explains the dormancy dynamics of this species in Mediterranean climates that are characterised by two distinct germination flushes, coinciding with two periods when soil humidity and temperature are not limiting. The first and main cohort of seedlings would emerge in autumn, originating from young buried seeds. A second cohort would emerge in the spring, from mature seeds on the surface of the soil.
Elevated temperature may accelerate invasive expansion of the liana plant Ipomoea cairica
Authors: WANG R‐L , ZENG R‐S , PENG S‐L , CHEN B‐M , LIANG X‐T , XIN X‐W 
Published: September 2011

Wang
R‐L,
Zeng
R‐S,
Peng
S‐L,
Chen
B‐M,
Liang X‐T & Xin X‐W (2011) Elevated temperature may accelerate invasive expansion of the liana plant Ipomoea cairica. Weed Research51, 574–580.SummaryNumerous studies have shown that elevated CO2 levels promote liana establishment in forests, thus suggesting their increased prevalence in the future in these habitats. Limited information exists, however, concerning the effects of potentially increasing global temperatures on these plants. The invasive liana Ipomoea cairica has infested many forests in South China. We hypothesised that elevated temperature could change the resource allocation pattern and allelopathic potential of this plant, resulting in increased invasiveness. We compared seed germination, growth rates and leachate phytotoxicity of I. cairica at three temperatures (22, 26 and 30°C). The seed germination rates of I. cairica were 11.6%, 21.2% and 26.4% at 22, 26 and 30°C respectively. Elevated temperature resulted in significant changes in morphology and biomass allocation of I. cairica. Shoot biomass of the plant increased, while the root biomass decreased with increasing temperature. Phytotoxicity of aqueous leachates from fresh leaves of I. cairica varied depending on receptor plants, but showed the strongest phytotoxic effects at the highest temperature (30°C). Our results provide key information concerning the effects of elevated temperatures on the allelopathic potential, germination and growth of I. cairica and indicate that global warming could increase the invasiveness of this species.
Weed vegetation of poppy (Papaver somniferum) fields in Hungary: effects of management and environmental factors on species composition
Authors: PINKE G , PÁL R W , TÓTH K , KARÁCSONY P , CZÚCZ B , BOTTA‐DUKÁT Z 
Published: September 2011

Pinke G, Pál RW, Tóth K, Karácsony P, Czúcz B & Botta‐Dukát Z (2011). Weed vegetation of poppy (Papaver somniferum) fields in Hungary: effects of management and environmental factors on species composition. Weed Research51, 621–630.SummaryPoppy (Papaver somniferum) is a sporadically cultivated crop species, with idiosyncratic life history traits, management systems and highly specific and under‐researched weed communities. This study aimed to assess the management and environmental factors determining the weed species composition of poppy fields over a relatively large area (Hungary in central‐eastern Europe), one of the focal regions of poppy production worldwide. The abundance of weed flora was measured in 102 poppy fields across Hungary, along with 41 management and environmental factors. The set of explanatory variables was reduced by stepwise backward selection to a minimal adequate model containing 15 terms, which explained 34.3% of the total variation in species data. The net effects of 10 variables on species composition were significant. Sowing season was found to be the most important explanatory variable, showing a clear distinction between the weed flora of autumn‐sown food poppy and spring‐sown alkaloid poppy fields. Other management factors, such as preceding crop, herbicides mesotrione and isoxaflutole, fertiliser N and row spacing, were also significant. Only four environmental variables (temperature, soil texture, soil Mg and Ca content) were significant, which can be attributed to the narrow ecological tolerance of poppy, resulting in short environmental gradients.
Determinants of foodservice satisfaction for patients in geriatrics/rehabilitation and residents in residential aged care
Authors: Wright Olivia R. L. , Connelly Luke B. , Capra Sandra , Hendrikz Joan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackground  Poor satisfaction with institutional food is a significant moderator of food intake in geriatrics/rehabilitation and residential aged care.Purpose  To quantify the relationship between foodservice satisfaction, foodservice characteristics, demographic and contextual variables in geriatrics/rehabilitation and residential aged care.Methods  The Resident Foodservice Satisfaction Questionnaire was administered to 103 patients of 2 geriatrics/rehabilitation units and 210 residents of nine residential aged care facilities in Brisbane, Australia. Ordered probit regression analysis measured the association of age, gender, ethnicity and appetite, timing and amount of meal choice, menu selectivity, menu cycle, production system, meal delivery system and therapeutic diets with foodservice satisfaction.Results  Patient and resident appetite (P < 0.01), the amount and timing of meal choice (P < 0.01), self‐rated health (P < 0.01), accommodation style (P < 0.05) and age (P < 0.10) significantly moderated foodservice satisfaction. High protein/high energy therapeutic diets (P < 0.01), foodservice production (P < 0.01) and delivery systems (P > 0.01) were significant moderators for those with ‘fair’ self‐rated health.Conclusions  Patient and resident characteristics and structural and systems‐related foodservice variables were more important for influencing foodservice satisfaction than characteristics of food quality. The results suggest modifications to current menu planning and foodservice delivery methods: reducing the time‐lapse between meal choice and consumption, augmenting the number of meals at which choice is offered, and revising food production and delivery systems.It is important that residents in poorer health who are a high risk of under‐nutrition are provided with sufficient high protein/high energy therapeutic diets. Diets that restrict macro‐ and micro‐nutrients should be minimized for all patients and residents.