bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential Peanut Performance in Double-Cropping Systems1
Authors: Mixon A. C. , Dowler Clyde C. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
The potential for utilizing selected peanut cultivars in multiple-cropping sequences was studied on a Bonifay sand and Tifton loamy sand soil in cropping sequences with grain sorghum, tomato transplants, and cucumbers. The peanut cultivars Pronto, Comet, and Florunner always produced more pods under a 114-day growing period than for a 99-day growing period. In a 99-day growing period, Pronto and Comet produced significantly more peanuts than Florunner. Total sound mature kernels (TSMK) percentages were always greater for a 114—day growing period. Seeding rate did not affect TSMK or OK characteristics. On restricted growth periods (99 days), early-maturing peanut cultivars resulted in higher percentages of TSMK than the late-maturing cultivars. Under small production scale research units, Pronto peanut was planted early – April, or late June – under both clean and conservation type tillage. The moldboard land preparation portion of a tillage experiment resulted in greater yields when peanut was planted early or late in 4-row seeding, but not statistically more than 2-row seeding. Grain sorghum grown at a population of approximately 200,000 plants/ha produced greater yields when planted in July than in August planting. Greater grain yields of sorghum were produced using moldboard land preparation.
Response of Peanuts and Other Crops to Fertilizers and Lime in Two Long Term Experiments1
Authors: Cope J. T. , Starling J. G. , Ivey H. W. , Mitchell C. C. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Two long term fertility experiments on a Dothan fine sandy loam (Plinthic Paleudult) included peanuts for short periods. Peanuts were in a rate of N-P-K experiment during 1973-75 and 1981-83. They did not respond to N. Mehlich-1 extractable soil test P dropped from 30 mg/kg in 1954 to 11 mg/kg by 1983. No yield response to P was found for any crop. The soil test K level of 44 mg/kg remained about the same over the 30 years. Cotton yield was doubled by the addition of 37 kg/ha of K, which also increased the soil test level to 56 mg/kg. Peanut and corn yields were increased by 19 kg/ha K, with no further response to higher rates. The addition of lime produced large yield increases from all three crops.
A 2-year rotation experiment from 1929 through 1983 included cotton, corn, soybeans, and wheat at different periods until 1982 and 1983, when the crops were peanuts and grain sorghum. Soil test P in 1929 was 33 mg/kg. No response to P was found on summer crops in over 50 years, and soil test P decreased to only 21 mg/kg during this period. Plots that received no K maintained a constant soil test K level of about 36 mg/kg for 54 years. Annual applications of 28 kg/ha increased the level to around 60 mg/kg. Cotton and grain sorghum produced maximum responses to this rate of K. When peanuts were planted in this experiment for the first time in 1982 and 1983, they produced no response to K. All crops except wheat responded to lime.
Resistance to Late Leafspot Peanut of Progenies Selected for Resistance to Early Leafspot1
Authors: Walls Stephen B. , Wynne J. C. , Beute M. K. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Fifty-six F7 peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) lines previously selected for resistance to early leafspot (Cercospora arachidicola Hori) were evaluated in the field and greenhouse for resistance to late leafspot [Cercosporidium personatum (Berk. & Curt.) Deighton]. After growing in field plots for 12 weeks, differences for numbers of lesions per 15 leaves were found among the lines and between these lines and NC 3033, the susceptible control. Eleven lines with the fewest numbers of lesions and their parents were screened in the greenhouse for components of resistance. These lines had lesions that were significantly smaller, produced lesions with longer latent periods, and produced fewer conidia than NC 3033. Latent periods ranged from 23 to 26 days for the selections compared to 20 days for NC 3033. GP-NC 343 and NC 5 were the most resistant parents with latent periods of 24 days each. A rank correlation of greenhouse and field data revealed that the rank of an entry in the greenhouse for latent period, lesion area and amount of sporulation was correlated with the rank of the entry in the field. Thus, these variables could be used as measurements of resistance to predict the performance of a line in the field for this population. Lines with resistance to late leafspot can be selected from a population of lines with this parentage which have been selected for resistance to early leafspot.
Tolerance of Sclerotinia minor to Procymidone and Cross Tolerance to Other Dicarboximide Fungicides and Dicloran1
Authors: Porter D. M. , Phipps P. M. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Procymidone-tolerant isolates of Sclerotinia minor Jagger were cross-tolerant to iprodione, vinclozolin and dicloran. Hyphal growth of procymidone-tolerant isolates an agar amended with 1 to 100 μg/mL procymidone, iprodione, vinclozolin or dicloran was similar. Procymidone-tolerant isolates were tolerant to all fungicides after 10 weekly hyphal tip transfers to nonamended agar. Subsequently, cross-tolerance persisted on agar amended with either 10 μg/mL procymidone, iprodione, vinclozolin or dicloran. Most procymidone-tolerant isolates of S. minor were pathogenic to peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) and caused symptoms similar to those initiated by sensitive isolates.
Subcutaneous local anesthesia versus intravenous regional anesthesia for endoscopic carpal tunnel release: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Nabhan Abdullah , Steudel Wolf-Ingo , Dedeman Lutfi , Al-Khayat Jehad , Ishak Basem 
Published: April 2010

Object
This study compares the effectiveness of subcutaneous infiltration of a local anesthetic agent (LA) versus intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA) during endoscopic carpal tunnel release.

Methods
Forty-four patients suffering from severe symptoms restricting normal daily activities—such as persistent loss of feeling in the fingers or hand, or no strength in the thumb in spite of prolonged nonsurgical treatment—and with electromyographically proven carpal tunnel syndrome were enrolled in this study. All underwent endoscopic carpal tunnel release. Twenty-two patients had an endoscopic release of the median nerve under LA (LA Group). The other 22 patients underwent the surgery after intravenous induction of regional anesthesia (IVRA Group). The operating room in-out time and tourniquet time were evaluated in both groups. The patients were also asked to evaluate the pain associated with the tourniquet during surgery using a visual analog scale.
The Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire was used to assess the functional outcome preoperatively and at both 2 weeks and 6 months postoperatively.

Results
One patient in the LA Group needed an additional application of prilocaine, whereas 3 patients in the IVRA Group needed additional LA and 1 of these required propofol. The tourniquet time and operating room time were significantly lower in the LA Group (p = 0.01 for both). There were no complications related to the endoscopic surgery. The Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire did not show significant differences between the groups at either postoperative follow-up examination.

Conclusions
Endoscopic carpal tunnel release with subcutaneous infiltration of LA was well tolerated and effective. Injection-associated problems such as increased thickness of the synovial layer or impaired endoscopic view did not occur.
Effective conversion of irinotecan to SN-38 after intratumoral drug delivery to an intracranial murine glioma model in vivo
Authors: Wang Weijun , Ghandi Alex , Liebes Leonard , Louie Stan G. , Hofman Florence M. , Schönthal Axel H. , Chen Thomas C. 
Published: April 2010

Object
Irinotecan (CPT-11), a topoisomerase I inhibitor, is a cytotoxic agent with activity against malignant gliomas and other tumors. After systemic delivery, CPT-11 is converted to its active metabolite, SN-38, which displays significantly higher cytotoxic potency. However, the achievement of therapeutically effective plasma levels of CPT-11 and SN-38 is seriously complicated by variables that affect drug metabolism in the liver. Thus the capacity of CPT-11 to be converted to the active SN38 intratumorally in gliomas was addressed.

Methods
For in vitro studies, 2 glioma cell lines, U87 and U251, were tested to determine the cytotoxic effects of CPT-11 and SN-38 in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo studies were performed by implanting U87 intracranially into athymic/nude mice. For a period of 2 weeks, SN-38, CPT-11, or vehicle was administered intratumorally by means of an osmotic minipump. One series of experiments measured the presence of SN-38 or CPT-11 in the tumor and surrounding brain tissues after 2 weeks' exposure to the drug. In a second series of experiments, after 2 weeks' exposure to the drug, the animals were maintained, in the absence of drug, until death. The survival curves were then calculated.

Results
The results show that the animals that had CPT-11 delivered intratumorally by the minipump expressed SN-38 in vivo. Furthermore, both CPT-11 and SN-38 accumulated at higher levels in tumor tissues compared with uninvolved brain. Intratumoral delivery of CPT-11 or SN-38 extended the average survival time of tumor-bearing animals from 22 days to 46 and 65 days, respectively.

Conclusions
These results demonstrate that intratumorally administered CPT-11 can be effectively converted to SN-38 and this method of drug delivery is effective in extending the survival time of animals bearing malignant gliomas.
Wireless Instantaneous Neurotransmitter Concentration System: electrochemical monitoring of serotonin using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry—a proof-of-principle study
Authors: Griessenauer Christoph J. , Chang Su-Youne , Tye Susannah J. , Kimble Christopher J. , Bennet Kevin E. , Garris Paul A. , Lee Kendall H. 
Published: April 2010

Object
The authors previously reported the development of the Wireless Instantaneous Neurotransmitter Concentration System (WINCS) for measuring dopamine and suggested that this technology may be useful for evaluating deep brain stimulation–related neuromodulatory effects on neurotransmitter systems. The WINCS supports fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) at a carbon-fiber microelectrode (CFM) for real-time, spatially resolved neurotransmitter measurements. The FSCV parameters used to establish WINCS dopamine measurements are not suitable for serotonin, a neurotransmitter implicated in depression, because they lead to CFM fouling and a loss of sensitivity. Here, the authors incorporate into WINCS a previously described N-shaped waveform applied at a high scan rate to establish wireless serotonin monitoring.

Methods
Optimized for the detection of serotonin, FSCV consisted of an N-shaped waveform scanned linearly from a resting potential of +0.2 to +1.0 V, then to −0.1 V and back to +0.2 V, at a rate of 1000 V/second. Proof-of-principle tests included flow injection analysis and electrically evoked serotonin release in the dorsal raphe nucleus of rat brain slices.

Results
Flow cell injection analysis demonstrated that the N waveform, applied at a scan rate of 1000 V/second, significantly reduced serotonin fouling of the CFM, relative to that observed with FSCV parameters for dopamine. In brain slices, WINCS reliably detected subsecond serotonin release in the dorsal raphe nucleus evoked by local high-frequency stimulation.

Conclusions
The authors found that WINCS supported high-fidelity wireless serotonin monitoring by FSCV at a CFM. In the future such measurements of serotonin in large animal models and in humans may help to establish the mechanism of deep brain stimulation for psychiatric disease.
Tibial intraneural ganglia at the ankle and knee: incorporating the unified (articular) theory in adults and children
Authors: Davis Gavin A. , Cox Ian H. 
Published: April 2010

Object
The etiology of intraneural ganglia has been debated for centuries, and only recently a unifying theory has been proposed. The incidence of tibial nerve intraneural ganglia is restricted to the occasional case report, and there are no reported cases of these lesions in children. While evidence of the unifying theory for intraneural ganglia of the common peroneal nerve is strong, there are only a few reports describing the application of the theory in the tibial nerve. In this report the authors examine tibial nerve intraneural ganglia at the ankle and knee in an adult and a child, respectively, and describe the clinical utility of incorporating the unifying (articular) theory in the management of tibial intraneural ganglia in adults and children.

Methods
Cases of tibial intraneural ganglion cysts were examined clinically, radiologically, operatively, and histologically to demonstrate the application of the unified (articular) theory for the development of these cysts in adults and children.

Results
Two patients with intraneural ganglion cysts of the tibial nerve were identified: an adult with an intraneural ganglion cyst of the tibial nerve at the tarsal tunnel and a child with an intraneural ganglion cyst of the tibial nerve at the knee. In each case, preoperative MR imaging demonstrated the intraneural cyst and its connection to the adjacent joint via the articular branch to the subtalar joint and superior tibiofibular joint. At surgery the articular branch was identified and resected, thus disconnecting the tibial nerve intraneural cyst from the joint of origin.

Conclusions
These cases detail the important features of intraneural ganglion cysts of the tibial nerve and document the clinical utility of incorporating the unifying (articular) theory for the surgical management of tibial intraneural ganglia in adults and children.
Prophylactic Bilateral Intramedullary Femoral Nails for Bisphosphonate-associated Signs of Impending Subtrochanteric Hip Fracture
Authors: Yoon Richard S. , Beebe Kathleen S. , Benevenia Joseph 
Published: April 2010

In the short and midterm, bisphosphonates have proven highly efficacious in the prevention of low-energy fractures, but long-term results and adverse effects have yet to be definitively identified. Of particular concern are emerging reports of long-term bisphosphonate users presenting with unusual low-energy subtrochanteric femur fractures. Perhaps associated with hyperactive bone remodeling leading to an eventually weakened bony architecture, the efficacy of longer-term bisphosphonate use has come into question, especially in those with >5 years of therapy.This article describes a case of a 65-year-old woman with a 10-year history of bisphosphonate use who presented with prodromal thigh pain and characteristic radiographic findings indicative of potential impending subtrochanteric insufficiency fracture. Supported by reports in the literature, unique characteristics of a certain clinical picture warn of potential bisphosphonate-associated subtrochanteric hip fracture; to our knowledge, we present the first reported prophylactic bilateral femoral intramedullary nailing to prevent fragility fracture. A deeper look into the biochemistry behind associated bony weakness caused by long-term incorporation of bisphosphonates is needed, especially if an endpoint to the therapy is to be determined. However, with mounting clinical evidence supporting the risk of bisphosphonate-associated fragility fracture, a characteristic radiographic appearance and clinical presentation cannot be ignored. In the interim, elective surgery may be an efficacious alternative in the treatment of an expected, readily preventable fracture.
Temperature Increase in Human Cadaver Retina During Direct Illumination by Femtosecond Laser Pulses
Authors: Sun Hui , Mikula Eric , Kurtz Ronald M. , Juhasz Tibor 
Published: April 2010

PURPOSE:Femtosecond lasers have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for ophthalmic surgery, including use in creating corneal flaps in LASIK surgery. During normal operation, approximately 50% to 60% of laser energy may pass beyond the cornea, with potential effects on the retina. As a model for retinal laser exposure during femtosecond corneal surgery, we measured the temperature rise in human cadaver retinas during direct illumination by the laser.METHODS:The temperature increase induced by a 150-kHz iFS Advanced Femtosecond Laser (Abbott Medical Optics) in human cadaver retinas was measured in situ using an infrared thermal imaging camera. To model the geometry of the eye during the surgery, an approximate 11×11-mm excised section of human cadaver retina was placed 17 mm behind the focus of the laser beam. The temperature field was observed in 10 cadaver retina samples at energy levels ranging from 0.4 to 1.6 µJ (corresponding approximately to surgical energies of 0.8 to 3.2 µJ per pulse).RESULTS:Maximal temperature increases up to 1.15°C (corresponding to 3.2 µJ and 52-second illumination) were observed in the cadaver retina sections with little variation in temperature profiles between specimens for the same laser energy illumination.CONCLUSIONS:The commercial iFS Advanced Femtosecond Laser operating with pulse energies at approximately the lower limit of the range evaluated in this study would be expected to result in a 0.2°C temperature increase and do not therefore present a safety hazard to the retina. [J Refract Surg. 2010;26:272–277.]
Cause of Monocular Diplopia Diagnosed by Combining Double-pass Retinal Image Assessment and Hartmann-Shack Aberrometry
Authors: Pérez Guillermo M. , Abenza Salomé , De Casas Alvaro , Marín Jose M. , Artal Pablo 
Published: April 2010

PURPOSE:
To report an advanced optical procedure developed for the diagnosis of a particular case of diplopia.

METHODS:
This approach combined the quantification of the level of intraocular scattering by using an Objective Scatter Index provided by a double-pass instrument (Optical Quality Analysis System) with the analysis of higher order aberrations using a Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor.

RESULTS:
The value of the Objective Scatter Index revealed increased intraocular scattering; the Hartmann-Shack images showed the existence of an optically differentiated area at the upper region of both crystalline lenses. Simulation of retinal images computed from the wavefront maps confirmed that, under low luminance conditions, this inhomogeneous region of the lens was included in the pupil, generating a secondary image and therefore the diplopia.

CONCLUSIONS:

This report demonstrates the potential of combining two objective optical methods to show the presence of minor lens opacities that may severely degrade quality of vision. [
J Refract Surg
. 2010;26:301–304.]
Real Ray Tracing Simulation Versus Clinical Outcomes of Corneal Excimer Laser Surface Ablations
Authors: Einighammer Jens , Oltrup Theo , Bende Thomas , Jean Benedikt 
Published: April 2010

Purpose:
To investigate the recently reported discrepancy between theoretical expectations and clinical outcomes of corneal ablations after excimer laser corneal refractive surgery.

Methods:
Thirty-four eyes of 25 patients who had laser epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) for myopia (mean −6.26±2.52 diopters [D], full correction diameter 6.71±0.25 mm) without astigmatism correction were assessed. Based on preoperative topographies, corneal ablation was simulated using the Munnerlyn formula—one with homogeneous beam fluence and another with variable beam fluence (including reflection loss and non-normal laser beam incidence). Corneal shape was analyzed pre- and postoperatively. Corneal wavefront aberration was calculated with real ray tracing and reported according to the Optical Society of America standard.

Results:
Corneal asphericity for a 6.0-mm diameter showed that preoperative measured corneas (−0.21±0.11) and postoperative simulated corneas (homogeneous beam fluence −0.32±0.19, variable beam fluence −0.41±0.22) were prolate, whereas postoperative measured corneas (0.40±0.57) were oblate. Corneal wavefront aberration (higher order aberrations 3rd to 6th/spherical aberration Z[4,0] in microns) for a 6.0-mm diameter, compared to the preoperative state (0.34±0.19/0.15±0.09), did not increase in postoperative simulation (homogeneous beam fluence 0.29±0.15/0.05±0.08, variable beam fluence 0.34±0.14/0.16±0.08), but in contrast increased for postoperative measurements (0.64±0.17/0.49±0.15).

Conclusions:
The increase in oblateness, higher order aberrations, and spherical aberration of real patients’ postoperative corneas was not seen in simulations using a Munnerlyn ablation profile. The fluence loss of the laser was one important factor, but did not explain all increasing aberrations observed clinically. We hypothesize that corneal wound healing and biomechanics play a role.
Lack of Glaucoma Following Infantile Cataract Surgery with Primary Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Implantation
Authors: Khan Arif O. , Al-Dahmash Saad 
Published: April 2010

Background and Objective:
To determine the incidence of glaucoma following infantile cataract surgery with primary posterior chamber lens (PC-IOL) implantation for isolated non-traumatic cataract.

Patients and Methods:
Retrospective institutional medical record review.

Results:
Thirty-six eyes of 31 patients were identified. Small incision surgery (including posterior capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy) was performed at a mean age of 7.6 months (median: 7 months; range: 5 to 10 months) with in-the-bag PC-IOL placement in 27 eyes and sulcus PC-IOL placement in 9 eyes. Last follow-up examination was a mean 67.1 months postoperatively (median: 65 months; range: 60 to 84 months). No eye was diagnosed as having glaucoma. In a similar population (same methods, age range, and ethnic group) that was left aphakic, the incidence of glaucoma was 22 of 57 eyes (38.6%).

Conclusion:
Primary PC-IOL implantation may confer protection against delayed-onset glaucoma following cataract surgery between 5 and 10 months of age.
Thermal Shock Performance of Fine Grained Al2O3 Ceramics With TiO2 and ZrO2 Additions for Refractory Applications
Authors: Aneziris Christos G. , Dudczig Steffen , Gerlach Nora , Berek Harry , Veres Dániel 
Published: April 2010

AbstractDue to zirconia and titania additions carbon‐free fine grained alumina ceramics are produced with superior thermal shock performance. The decomposition of Al2TiO5 in the alumina doped matrix dominates during thermal shock attack and leads to higher strengths in comparison to the as sintered samples after thermal shock. EDX, EBSD, and XRD investigations describe the phase evolution before and after quenching the samples from 950 to 1200 °C in water, respectively.