bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers to and facilitators of paediatric medical device innovation: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Kysh Lynn , Zapotoczny Grzegorz , Manzanete Lisa , Carey Megan , Shah Payal , Joseph Francesca , Kempf Haley , Sikder Abu Taher , Finkel Julia , Thekkedath Usha , Toman Kara , Koh Chester J , Eskandanian Kolaleh , Espinoza Juan 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionThe development of paediatric medical devices continues to lag adult medical devices and contributes to issues of inequity, safety, quality and patient outcomes. New legislation and funding mechanisms have been introduced over the past two decades, but the gap remains. Clinical trials have been identified as a pain point, but components of effective clinical research infrastructure are poorly understood. As part of a multimodal research strategy, the Pediatric Device Consortia (PDC) will conduct a scoping review to better understand infrastructural barriers to and facilitators of paediatric medical device clinical research identified in the health sciences literature.Methods and analysisThe following databases will be included for this review: Medline, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science and IEEE Xplore. Additional grey literature will be sought out through Google Scholar and reviewing the citations of included studies. Included studies will discuss medical devices according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration classification, focus on the paediatric population (ages 0–21 years) and involve human premarket or postmarket research. All study types that were published in 2007–present in English, Spanish, French or Italian will be included. Using Covidence web-based software, two independent reviewers will screen the resulting titles, abstracts and the full text of potential studies. Conflicts will be resolved by the primary investigator during both phases. REDCap will be used for quantitative and qualitative data charting, generating data tables and narrative synthesis.Ethics and disseminationThis research did not require research ethics board consideration as it does not involve human participants and all data will be collected from published literature. We will share our findings through peer-reviewed manuscripts, clinical and research conference presentations and professional networks available to the PDC.Study registrationOpen Science Framework (https://osf.io/k72bn).
Acute postoperative pain and catastrophizing in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: a prospective, observational, single-center, cohort study
Authors: Springborg Anders Holten , Jensen Christian Bredgaard , Gromov Kirill , Troelsen Anders , Kehlet Henrik , Foss Nicolai Bang 
Published: June 2024

Background and objectivesPain catastrophizing is associated with acute pain after total knee arthroplasty. However, the association between pain catastrophizing and acute pain after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) remains unclear.MethodsWe investigated the incidence of predicted high-pain and low-pain responders, based on a preoperative Pain Catastrophizing Scale score >20 or ≤20, respectively, and the acute postoperative pain course in both groups. Patients undergoing UKA were consecutively included in this prospective observational cohort study. Pain at rest and during walking (5 m walk test) was evaluated preoperatively, at 24 hours postoperatively, and on days 2–7 using a pain diary.Results125 patients were included, with 101 completing the pain diary. The incidence of predicted high-pain responders was 31% (95% CI 23% to 40%). The incidence of moderate to severe pain during walking at 24 hours postoperatively was 69% (95% CI 52% to 83%) in predicted high-pain responders and 66% (95% CI 55% to 76%) in predicted low-pain responders; OR 1.3 (95% CI 0.5 to 3.1). The incidence of moderate to severe pain at rest 24 hours postoperatively was 49% (95% CI 32% to 65%) in predicted high-pain responders and 28% (95% CI 19% to 39%) in predicted low-pain responders; OR 2.6 (95% CI 1.1 to 6.1; p=0.03). Pain catastrophizing was not associated with increased cumulated pain during walking on days 2–7.ConclusionsThe incidence of predicted high-pain responders in UKA was slightly lower than reported in total knee arthroplasty. Additionally, preoperative pain catastrophizing was not associated with acute postoperative pain during walking.
Effect of an opioid-free anesthetic on postoperative opioid consumption after laparoscopic bariatric surgery: a prospective, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Perez Josiah Joco , Strunk Joseph D , Preciado Octavio M , DeFaccio Rian J , Chang Lily C , Mallipeddi Mohan K , Deal Shanley B , Oryhan Christine L 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionOpioid administration has the benefit of providing perioperative analgesia but is also associated with adverse effects. Opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) may reduce postoperative opioid consumption and adverse effects after laparoscopic bariatric surgery. In this randomized controlled study, we hypothesized that an opioid-free anesthetic using lidocaine, ketamine, and dexmedetomidine would result in a clinically significant reduction in 24-hour postoperative opioid consumption when compared with an opioid-inclusive technique.MethodsSubjects presenting for laparoscopic or robotic bariatric surgery were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either standard opioid-inclusive anesthesia (group A: control) or OFA (group B: OFA). The primary outcome was opioid consumption in the first 24 hours postoperatively in oral morphine equivalents (OMEs). Secondary outcomes included postoperative pain scores, patient-reported incidence of opioid-related adverse effects, hospital length of stay, patient satisfaction, and ongoing opioid use at 1 and 3 months after hospital discharge.Results181 subjects, 86 from the control group and 95 from the OFA group, completed the study per protocol. Analysis of the primary outcome showed no significant difference in total opioid consumption at 24 hours between the two treatment groups (control: 52 OMEs vs OFA: 55 OMEs, p=0.49). No secondary outcomes showed statistically significant differences between groups.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that an OFA protocol using dexmedetomidine, ketamine, and lidocaine for laparoscopic or robotic bariatric surgery was not associated with a reduction in 24-hour postoperative opioid consumption when compared with an opioid-inclusive technique using fentanyl.
Paediatric intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas: clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes and prognosis
Authors: Su Xin , Ma Yongjie , Song Zihao , Ye Ming , Zhang Hongqi , Zhang Peng 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundCompared with dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) in adult, paediatric DAVFs are notable for distinct clinical manifestations, low cure rate and poor prognosis. However, due to the limitations of small sample sizes, the long-term prognosis and follow-up data have not been described.MethodsClinical data from 43 consecutive paediatric DAVFs were documented and analysed between 2002 and 2022 at the author’s institution. They were divided into infantile (Lasjaunias classification) and non-infantile (adult type and dural sinus malformation (DSM)) type DAVFs based on prognosis differences.ResultsTheir mean age at first symptoms was 8.4±6.0 years. 29 boys and 14 girls presented between at birth and 18 years of age. 5 of 10 patients ≤1 year of age presented with asymptomatic cardiomegaly compared with 5/33 patients >1 year of age (p=0.022). 42 (88.4%) patients received endovascular treatment alone, while 9.3% underwent radiosurgery, burr hole embolisation or surgery. 28 (65.1%) patients experienced DAVF obliteration by the end of treatment. Among them, 26 cases underwent embolisation alone, one case had embolisation in conjunction with surgery, and one case underwent burr hole embolisation. The overall complication rate among patients was 9.3%, all resulting from endovascular treatment. According to the Lasjaunias Classification, there were 18 cases of adult type, 17 cases of infantile type and 8 cases of DSM. Compared with non-infantile-type DAVFs, infantile-type DAVFs showed more times of treatment, lower cure rate and worse prognosis (p<0.001, 0.003 and 0.021, respectively). The average follow-up duration was 41.4±36.2 months (3–228 months). 8 (22.9%) patients died.ConclusionsMost adult-type DAVFs and DSMs can now be effectively treated with embolisation, resulting in good outcomes and prognosis. However, there are still challenges in treating infantile-type DAVFs, and the prognosis is frequently poor.
On-site calibration of instruments in the Arctic: assessment of temperature records at Climate Change Tower in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard
Authors: Coppa Graziano , Musacchio Chiara , Becherini Francesca , Mazzola Mauro , Viola Angelo , Merlone Andrea 
Published: June 2024

The Arctic is as a key place to perform environmental measurements given its combination of reduced human activity and increased sensitivity to climate change. The Svalbard archipelago constitutes an invaluable measurement location, due to its ease of access and the presence of the Ny-Ålesund research center. Sensors are usually not designed to sustain prolonged periods of time in demanding environments like the Arctic; therefore, chances of failures, drift, and errors are higher than elsewhere. Maintenance and calibration of these sensors must be rigorous and frequent, to avoid poor-quality data, or even their loss. Within the frame of EURAMET EMRP project “MeteoMet 2”, calibration of the temperature sensors hosted by the Climate Change Tower (CCT), a unique research facility designed to monitor lower-atmosphere profiles of several meteorological quantities, has been performed. The calibration campaign pointed out sensor errors up to 1 °C and corrected the measurements, straightening the skewed temperature profiles. Absolute calibration uncertainties have been evaluated at ∼0.2 °C, less than half of those stated by the manufacturer, while an evaluation of relative uncertainties yielded values of just few 0.01 °C. This experience stimulated the creation of an in-situ calibration facility, to the benefit of the whole scientific community based in Ny-Ålesund.
Brain-inspired computing systems: a systematic literature review
Authors: Zolfagharinejad Mohamadreza , Alegre-Ibarra Unai , Chen Tao , Kinge Sachin , van der Wiel Wilfred G. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBrain-inspired computing is a growing and interdisciplinary area of research that investigates how the computational principles of the biological brain can be translated into hardware design to achieve improved energy efficiency. Brain-inspired computing encompasses various subfields, including neuromorphic and in-memory computing, that have been shown to outperform traditional digital hardware in executing specific tasks. With the rising demand for more powerful yet energy-efficient hardware for large-scale artificial neural networks, brain-inspired computing is emerging as a promising solution for enabling energy-efficient computing and expanding AI to the edge. However, the vast scope of the field has made it challenging to compare and assess the effectiveness of the solutions compared to state-of-the-art digital counterparts. This systematic literature review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in brain-inspired computing hardware. To ensure accessibility for researchers from diverse backgrounds, we begin by introducing key concepts and pointing out respective in-depth topical reviews. We continue with categorizing the dominant hardware platforms. We highlight various studies and potential applications that could greatly benefit from brain-inspired computing systems and compare their reported computational accuracy. Finally, to have a fair comparison of the performance of different approaches, we employ a standardized normalization approach for energy efficiency reports in the literature.Graphical abstract
Chaos prediction of motor based on the integrated method of convolutional neural network and multi-reservoir echo state network
Authors: Guo Jiakun , Wei Duqu 
Published: June 2024

Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) can exhibit chaotic behaviors detrimental to their regular operation in practical applications. To accurately predict the chaotic state of PMSM, this paper proposes a C-MRESN method based on the combination of convolutional neural network (CNN) and multi-reservoir echo state network (MRESN). The significant advantage of C-MRESN is that it combines the advantages of the two models, which can capture the complex temporal and spatial information from nonlinear time series and retain these features for prediction. In addition, this work uses the L-BFGS-B optimization algorithm to optimize the training process of C-MRESN and significantly improve the prediction accuracy of C-MRESN. By comparing the prediction experimental results with six other machine learning models, C-MRESN shows the minor prediction error and the most extended accurate prediction range. The root mean square error (MSE) of the 2000-step prediction results of C-MRESN for the three PMSM variables, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] can reach [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. The experimental results substantiate that the C-MRESN is an effective and advanced method for the chaos prediction of PMSM.
Os jovens e seus impasses no laço com a universidade: intervenção clinicopolítica em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Coutinho Luciana Gageiro , Pisetta Maria Angélica Augusto de Mello 
Published: June 2024

L’article présente une expérience dans des spaces de parole/d’écoute en ligne avec des étudiants universitaires pendant la suspension des cours à cause de la pandémie du nouveau coronavirus. Il part de l’impuissance qui caractérise la condition de la jeunesse quand elle ne peut pas obtenir, à travers des liens sociaux, la reconnaissance symbolique de son lieu de sujet comme producteur de son propre discours. Il discute les impasses auxquelles les jeunes font face par rapport à leur lien avec l’université, qui a généré plusieurs demandes de soins dues aux hauts indices de souffrance psychiques par les étudiants. Il met en relief la dimension sociopolitique de la souffrance psychique comme un effet du statut du lien social dans le contexte du Brésil contemporain, aggravé par la pandémie, et propose des interventions clinico politiques au niveau du collectif comme une façon de le soigner.
Comparison of Blood Volume Profiles in Heart Failure With Preserved and Reduced Ejection Fractions: Sex Makes a Difference
Authors: Miller Wayne L. , Grill Diane E. , Mullan Brian P. 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:
Blood volume (BV) profiles vary markedly in patients with heart failure (HF), but how HF phenotypes and patient sex impact volume profiles remain to be explored. The aim of the study was to differentiate BV, plasma volume, and red blood cell mass profiles by phenotypes of preserved and reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and assess the impact of patient sex on profile heterogeneity.

METHODS:
Retrospective analysis of clinical and BV data was undertaken in patients with chronic New York Heart Association II–III heart failure. BV was quantitated using the nuclear medicine indicator-dilution methodology.

RESULTS:

A total of 530 BV analyses (360 HF with reduced ejection fraction and 170 HF with preserved ejection fraction) were identified in 395 unique patients. Absolute BV was greater in HF with reduced ejection fraction (6.7±1.8 versus 5.9±1.6 liters:
P
<0.001); however, large variability in frequency distribution of volume profiles was observed in both phenotypes (−22% deficit to +109% excess relative to normal volumes). HF with reduced ejection fraction was characterized by a higher prevalence of BV expansion ≥+25% of normal (39% versus 26%;
P
=0.003), and HF with preserved ejection fraction was characterized a by more frequent normal BV (42% versus 24%;
P
<0.001). Male sex in both phenotypes was associated with a larger absolute BV (7.0±1.6 versus 5.1±1.3 liters;
P
<0.001) and higher frequency of large BV and plasma volume expansions above normal (both
P
<0.001), while females in both phenotypes demonstrated a higher prevalence of normal BV and plasma volume (both
P
<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:
Findings support significant differences in BV, plasma volume, and red blood cell mass profile distributions between heart failure phenotypes, driven in large part by sex-specific factors. This underscores the importance of identifying and distinguishing individual patient volume profiles to help guide volume management strategies.
Left Atrial Appendage Pseudothrombus Is Associated With Stroke History in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Cardiac Computed Tomography
Authors: Nicol Edward , Karim Nabeela , Semple Tom , Baleswaran Saranya , Owen Ruth , Riad Omar , Markides Vias , Padley Simon P. G. , Wong Tom 
Published: June 2024

Background
In nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), the left atrial appendage (LAA) is the source of thrombus in up to 90% of patients. LAA pseudothrombus (LAAPT), defined as a filling defect on the initial but not the 60‐second delayed acquisition on cardiovascular computed tomography scan (CCT), is a recognized phenomenon in NVAF, with unknown clinical relevance. We aimed to determine the relationship between LAAPT and history of stroke in patients with NVAF.

Methods and Results

The study included 213 consecutive patients with NVAF undergoing CCT who were assessed for LAAPT. LA and LAA dimensions and LAA morphology correlated with clinical demographics including cardiovascular risk factors, history of stroke, thromboembolic stroke, and transient ischemic attack. Mean age (±SD) was 65.1±10.5 years (range 31–89) and 150 of 213 (70.4%) were men. LAAPT was present in 59 of 213 (27.7%) patients. Greater mean LAA ostium area (5.7 versus 4.5,
P
<0.001), greater mean LAA ostium area:curved length (0.11 versus 0.08,
P
<0.001), increased LAA volume (14.0 versus 10.2,
P
<0.001), and lower mean LAA tortuosity index (1.17 versus 1.38,
P
<0.001) were all associated with the presence of LAAPT. On multivariable analysis, LAAPT on CCT (odds ratio [OR], 3.20 [95% CI, 1.40–7.20];
P
<0.006) and higher CHA
2
DS
2
‐VASc score (OR, 1.65 [95% CI, 1.16–2.35];
P
=0.01) were associated with all strokes, with LAAPT remaining a statistically significant risk factor even after adjustment for CHA
2
DS
2
‐VASc score.

Conclusions

LAAPT on CCT is common in patients with NVAF. It has a strong positive association with stroke prevalence, even after adjustment for CHA
2
DS
2
‐VASc score. LAAPT on CCT may potentially allow further stratification for stroke risk, additive to the CHA
2
DS
2
‐VASc score.
Cardiometabolic Profile in Young Adults With Diverse Cigarette Smoking Histories: A Longitudinal Study From Adolescence
Authors: Yari‐Boroujeni Reza , Cheraghi Leila , Masihay‐Akbar Hasti , Azizi Fereidoun , Amiri Parisa 
Published: June 2024

Background
For the first time, the present study investigated smoking trajectory and cardiometabolic profile from adolescence to young adulthood in a middle‐income developing country facing a high prevalence of smoking and cardiovascular disease‐related outcomes.

Methods and Results

Data on 1082 adolescents (12–18 years of age) who participated in the TLGS (Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study) were gathered, and participants were followed for a median of 12.5 years (baseline: 1999–2002, last follow‐up: 2014–2017). Participants were categorized as non/rare smokers, experimenters, and escalators using group‐based trajectory models. Statistical analysis was used to compare the trajectory groups' cardiometabolic components, clinical characteristics, and cardiometabolic changes due to the individuals' placement in experimenter and escalator groups compared with non/rare smokers. The smoking trajectory groups in young adulthood differ significantly in blood pressure, triglycerides, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, waist circumference, and body mass index, with the escalator group having the highest risk values for each component. Significant differences were observed in blood pressure (
P
=0.014), triglycerides (
P
<0.001), and waist circumference (
P
<0.001) status after using clinical cut points. The adjusted linear regression revealed that the escalator group had 3.16 mm Hg‐lower systolic blood pressure SBP (
P
=0.016), 2.69 mm Hg‐lower diastolic blood pressure (
P
=0.011), and 4.42 mg/dL‐lower high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (
P
=0.002), compared with the non/rare smoker group.

Conclusions
Despite elevated risks in unadjusted analyses for all cardiometabolic components among smokers, our study identified a modest protective link between early smoking and blood pressure in addition to a remarkable harmful association with high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels exclusively in the escalator group during the developmental stage to young adulthood, using adjusted analyses.
Greater Adherence to Life's Essential 8 for Cardiovascular Health Is Associated With Lower Arterial Stiffness in Survivors of Cancer
Authors: Lefferts Elizabeth C. , Lee Duck‐Chul 
Published: June 2024

Background
Survivors of cancer have elevated risk of cardiovascular disease, likely stemming from the negative impact of anticancer therapies on vascular function. Arterial stiffness is a strong indicator of vascular function and independent predictor of cardiovascular disease. The American Heart Association recommends Life's Essential 8 for optimal cardiovascular health. It is currently unknown, however, whether greater adherence to Life's Essential 8 is associated with low arterial stiffness in survivors of cancer.

Methods and Results

This cross‐sectional study included 172 older adult (≥65 years) survivors of cancer (74±6 years; 58% female). Life's Essential 8 100‐point cardiovascular health score, with higher scores indicative of better cardiovascular health, was calculated based on 8 components: diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep health, body mass index, blood lipids, blood glucose, and blood pressure. Participants were classified as having low (<60), moderate (60–79), or high (≥80) cardiovascular health. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was used to assess arterial stiffness; with high arterial stiffness defined as a pulse wave velocity ≥10 m/s. The mean cardiovascular health score was 72±11 and 40 survivors (23%) had high arterial stiffness. Compared with low cardiovascular health, the odds ratio of high arterial stiffness was 0.12 (95% CI, 0.03–0.50) and 0.02 (95% CI, 0.003–0.18) for moderate and high cardiovascular health, respectively. Every 10‐point increase in the cardiovascular health score was associated with a 0.43 m/s reduction in pulse wave velocity (
P
<0.001).

Conclusions
Greater adherence to the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 was associated with lower prevalence of high arterial stiffness in older adult survivors of cancer. Prospective studies with larger samples are needed.