bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of propofol versus propofol–ketamine combination in pediatric oncologic procedures performed by non‐anesthesiologists
Authors: Chiaretti Antonio , Ruggiero Antonio , Barbi Egidio , Pierri Filomena , Maurizi Palma , Fantacci Claudia , Bersani Giulia , Riccardi Riccardo 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackgroundLimited data are available on the best option (short acting sedatives, opioids, or ketamine) in oncologic procedural sedation performed by non‐anesthesiologists. The aim of the present prospective study is to compare the safety and efficacy of propofol–ketamine versus propofol alone, managed by trained pediatricians, in children with cancer undergoing painful procedures.ProceduresData on 121 children with acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL) undergoing procedural sedations (lumbar punctures and bone marrow aspirations) were prospectively collected and included drug doses, side effects, pain assessment, and sedation degree. Children were randomly assigned to one of the two groups: P (n = 62) receiving propofol alone and K (n = 59) in whom a ketamine–propofol combination was used.ResultsIn group K, the total dose of propofol required was significantly lower than in group P (3.9 ± 3.6 mg/kg vs. 5.1 ± 3.6 mg/kg; P < 0.001). The incidence of hypotension was also significantly lower (11% vs. 39%; P < 0.001). Major O2 desaturations (defined as SatO2 < 88%) occurred principally in group P (7 vs. 1; P = 0.05). Both best analgesia and shorter recovery time were obtained with the propofol–ketamine association. No differences were observed in the degree of sedation and in the awakening quality score between the two groups.ConclusionsThe combination of propofol and ketamine produced statistically significant clinical advantages combined with a higher profile of safety in children with cancer undergoing painful procedures. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 57: 1163–1167. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Increased prevalence of false positive hemoglobinopathy newborn screening in premature infants
Authors: Hustace Tally , Fleisher Jay M. , Sanchez Varela Ana Milena , Podda Antonello , Alvarez Ofelia 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe objective was to investigate the specificity of the hemoglobinopathy newborn screening in premature neonates as compared to term neonates.ProcedureThe screening results from infants suspected to have hemoglobinopathy disease identified by the Florida Newborn Screening Program for years 2002–2007 were compared to the corresponding confirmatory testing. The risks for false positives for preterm and full term newborns were calculated by Chi‐square or the Cochran–Armitage test for trend. Isoelectric focusing and HPLC were the methods of hemoglobin screening.ResultsOver 2,300 neonates (1/576 neonates born in Florida) were suspected to have hemoglobinopathy. The most common abnormal pattern in term and preterm infants (gestational age 22–36 weeks) suggesting disease at screening was FS. Overall, 93% of the children who screened positive for FCA and 64% of infants identified with FSA were later confirmed with trait. FSC was confirmed in 96% of the cases in both preterm and term infants. Compared to term newborns, preterm newborns were more likely to have a false positive result for FS or FC at screening. Twenty‐three percent of preterms with FS and 59% of preterms with FC were diagnosed as traits by confirmatory testing, compared to only 2% and 6% for term infants (P < 0.001).ConclusionsAs compared to term newborns, more preterm newborns with trait were misidentified as having sickle cell anemia or hemoglobin C at screening. We speculate that abnormal hemoglobins may precede the development of hemoglobin A during fetal life. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 57: 1039–1043. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Initial testing of the CENP‐E inhibitor GSK923295A by the pediatric preclinical testing program
Authors: Lock Richard B. , Carol Hernan , Morton Christopher L. , Keir Stephen T. , Reynolds C. Patrick , Kang Min H. , Maris John M. , Wozniak Amy W. , Gorlick Richard , Kolb E. Anders , Houghton Peter J. , Smith Malcolm A. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe centromere kinesin motor protein CENP‐E plays a crucial role in mitosis, and is an appealing molecular target in cancer. GSK923295A is an allosteric inhibitor of CENP‐E that is undergoing clinical evaluation.ProceduresGSK923295A was evaluated against the 23 cell lines in the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program (PPTP) in vitro panel using 96 hr exposures to concentrations ranging from 1.0 nM to 10.0 µM. GSK923295A was also tested in vivo against the PPTP acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and solid tumor xenograft panels using a days 1–3 and 8–10 schedule that was repeated at day 21. The agent was administered via the intraperitoneal (i.p.) route at a daily dose of 125 mg/kg.ResultsThe median IC50 for all PPTP cell lines was 27 nM, with the median IC50 for the ALL panel being the lowest (18 nM) and for the neuroblastoma panel the highest (39 nM). Excessive toxicity was observed for each of the 8 xenografts of the ALL panel in NOD/SCID mice. Thirty‐five solid tumor xenograft models were considered evaluable. GSK923295A induced significant differences in event‐free survival distribution compared to controls in 32 of 35 evaluable solid tumor xenografts tested. Objective responses were noted in 13 of 35 solid tumor xenografts, including 9 with maintained complete responses, and 3 with complete response (CR).ConclusionsGSK923295A demonstrated significant antitumor activity against solid tumor models, inducing CRs in Ewing sarcoma, rhabdoid, and rhabdomyosarcoma xenografts. These results suggest that CENP‐E may be a valuable therapeutic target in pediatric cancer. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 58: 916–923. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High resource hospitalizations among children with vaso‐occlusive crises in sickle cell disease
Authors: Raphael Jean L. , Mei Minghua , Mueller Brigitta U. , Giordano Thomas 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackgroundVaso‐occlusive crises (VOCs) contribute to frequent hospitalizations among children with sickle cell disease (SCD). The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with high resource utilization during hospitalizations for VOC.ProcedureWe analyzed pediatric discharges 0–18 years of age with a primary diagnosis of SCD with crisis from the 2006 Kids' Inpatient Database, a nationally representative sample of pediatric hospital discharges. High resource hospitalizations were defined as those in the highest decile for total charges. We conducted sample‐weighted regression analyses to determine associations between independent variables (patient demographics, hospital characteristics, illness severity) and high resource use.ResultsThere were 9,893 (0.371%) discharges for children with VOCs. Median total hospitalization charges were $10,691. In multivariate analysis, children 15–18 years of age (odds ratio [OR] 3.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.54–4.53), 10–14 years of age (OR 2.72, 95% CI 2.07–3.59), and 5–9 years of age (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.30–2.34) had higher odds of high resource hospitalizations compared to children 0–4 years of age. Care in a children's hospital had three times the odds of high resource use compared to care in a general hospital. Discharges with secondary diagnoses including pneumonia (OR 2.46, 95% CI 1.96–3.09) and constipation (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.31–2.40) were also associated with high resource use.ConclusionsOlder age and secondary diagnoses were associated with high resource use during VOC hospitalizations. These findings suggest the need to improve adherence to comprehensive care among older children to prevent VOCs and standardize protocols to manage VOC complications. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 58: 584–590. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A longitudinal study of pulmonary function after stem cell transplantation, from childhood to young adulthood
Authors: Frisk Per , Arvidson Johan , Hedenström Hans 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackgroundImpairment of pulmonary function after stem cell transplantation (SCT) in childhood has been reported before. However, long‐term longitudinal studies are scarce.ProcedureWe measured lung volumes and performed dynamic spirometry serially in 18 patients after SCT. At the last investigation, a median of 18.2 years after SCT, the patients were compared with 18 matched controls. The diffusing capacity (DLCO) was only compared cross‐sectionally.ResultsThere was a significant increase in the prevalence of restrictive lung disease (RLD, total lung capacity <80% of that predicted) from 7% (1/14) before SCT to 28% (5/18) 5 years after SCT, and 61% (11/18) a median of 18.2 years after SCT (P = 0.002). In comparison, none of the controls had RLD (61% vs. 0%, P = 0.001). Before SCT, no patient had obstructive lung disease (OLD, forced expiratory volume in 1 sec/vital capacity <70). OLD was found in one of 18 patients (6%) 5 years after SCT but in none of the patients a median of 18.2 years after SCT. Three of the controls had OLD (P = 0.25). Eleven patients had diffusion impairment (DLCO <80% of that predicted), as opposed to none of the controls (P = 0.001). The DLCO corrected for alveolar volume was decreased in only two patients.ConclusionWe documented an increase in the prevalence of RLD, but not of OLD, after SCT. At the last investigation, only two patients had diffusion impairment after correction for alveolar volume. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 58: 775–779. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The educational implications of type i diabetes mellitus: A review of research and recommendations for school psychological practice
Authors: Kucera Miranda , Sullivan Amanda L. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractType I diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most common chronic illnesses in children and youth, with many affected students requiring individualized services and supports within educational settings. This article systematically reviews the research regarding the implications of this illness for students' cognitive and academic functioning to clarify the ways in which this disease may limit children's learning and school performance. The authors synthesize the findings, summarize the related literature regarding school‐based supports, and provide recommendations for school psychologists to support the unique psychoeducational needs of this population. Results highlight the need for more research on effective school‐based interventions to ensure academic success for children with T1DM. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ethically challenging situations reported by school psychologists: Implications for training
Authors: Dailor A. Nichole , Jacob Susan 
Published: May 2011

AbstractPractitioner‐members of the National Association of School Psychologists (N = 208) completed questionnaires regarding their ethics training, preparedness, the types of ethical transgressions and dilemmas encountered in the previous year, and the strategies used to solve problems. Respondents who received multilevel training in ethics (ethics coursework, ethics instruction in multiple classes, ethics addressed in practicum/internship) perceived themselves to be better prepared to tackle difficult challenges and were more likely to use a systematic problem‐solving strategy when faced with an ethical dilemma than respondents who did not receive multilevel training. Assessment‐related ethical transgressions and failure to follow up on interventions were the two most commonly witnessed types of ethics code violations; troublesome dilemmas included whether to suspect child abuse, whether to tell parents about their child's risky behavior, and how to handle administrative pressure to engage in unethical actions. Implications for ethics training are discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Examining the validity of office discipline referrals as an indicator of student behavior problems
Authors: Pas Elise T. , Bradshaw Catherine P. , Mitchell Mary M. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractOffice discipline referral (ODR) data are increasingly used to monitor student behavior problems and the impact of interventions, but there has been limited research examining their validity. The current study examined the concordance of ODRs with teacher ratings of student behavior using data on 8,645 children in 335 classrooms at 21 elementary schools. The results of a variety of analyses (e.g., correlations, multivariate analysis of variance, receiver operating characteristics) suggested that ODRs are moderately valid and reliable. Multilevel analyses revealed that teacher ratings of disruptive behaviors were significantly associated with ODRs, even after controlling for other student‐, classroom‐, and school‐level factors. These findings suggest that ODRs are moderately valid indicators of student behavior problems and may be an efficient source of information for use in school‐based research and data‐based decision‐making. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Relations among academic enablers and academic achievement in children with and without high levels of parent‐rated symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity
Authors: Demaray Michelle Kilpatrick , Jenkins Lyndsay N. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThis study examined the relationships among academic enablers (i.e., engagement, interpersonal skills, motivation, study skills) and academic achievement in children with and without high levels of parent‐rated symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity (Symptoms of IIH Group). The study included 69 participants (29 [42%] in the IIH Group and 40 [58%] in the Comparison Group), with 33 boys and 36 girls in the third through fifth grades. The researchers found significant differences on the measure of academic enablers, including engagement, interpersonal skills, motivation, and study skills, in which participants in the Comparison Group received higher scores. In addition, several academic enablers mediated the relationship between symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity and the academic outcomes of reading and teachers' ratings of total academic skills. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A multilevel analysis of student perceptions of school climate: The effect of social and academic risk factors
Authors: Fan Weihua , Williams Cathy M. , Corkin Danya Marie 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThis multilevel study examines the extent to which individual‐ and school‐level variables are predictive of three aspects of students' perceived school climate (order, safety, and discipline; fairness and clarity of school rules; and teacher‐student relationship) by using a nationally representative sample. A wide range of social and academic risk factors at the individual level are examined. The results show that individual‐level predictors, such as having behavior problems at school, being held back a grade, coming from a single‐parent family, parents' education level, gender, and ethnicity (e.g., Hispanic and Asian), play a significant role in student perceptions of school climate. The results suggest that these relationships between the individual‐level predictors and students' perceived school climate are fairly robust across schools. School‐level variables, such as attending a private or a Catholic school, are also significant predictors of students' perceived climate. Furthermore, the study reveals significant interaction effects among the predictors and provides more accurate interpretations of the findings. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of poly(naphthalenecarboxamide)s with low polydispersity by chain‐growth condensation polymerization
Authors: Mikami Koichiro , Daikuhara Hiroaki , Kasama Jyunya , Yokoyama Akihiro , Yokozawa Tsutomu 
Published: May 2011

AbstractCondensation polymerization of 6‐(N‐substituted‐amino)‐2‐naphthoic acid esters (1) was investigated as an extension of chain‐growth condensation polymerization (CGCP). Methyl 6‐(3,7‐dimethyloctylamino)‐2‐naphthoate (1b) was polymerized at −10 °C in the presence of phenyl 4‐methylbenzoate (2) as an initiator and lithium 1,1,1,3,3,3‐hexamethyldisilazide (LiHMDS) as a base. When the feed ratio [1a]0/[2]0 was 10 or 20, poly(naphthalenecarboxamide) with defined molecular weight and low polydispersity was obtained, together with a small amount of cyclic trimer. However, polymer was precipitated during polymerization under similar conditions in [1a]0/[2]0 = 34. To increase the solubility of the polymer, monomers 1c and 1d with a tri(ethylene glycol) (TEG) monomethyl ether side chain instead of the 3,7‐dimethyloctyl side chain were synthesized. Polymerization of the methyl ester monomer 1c did not proceed well, affording only oligomer and unreacted 1c, whereas polymerization of the phenyl ester monomer 1d afforded well‐defined poly(naphthalenecarboxamide) together with small amounts of cyclic oligomers in [1d]0/[2]0 = 10 and 29. The polymerization at high feed ratio ([1d]0/[2]0 = 32.6) was accompanied with self‐condensation to give polyamide with a lower molecular weight than the calculated value. Such undesirable self‐condensation would result from insufficient deactivation of the electrophilic ester moiety by the electron‐donating resonance effect of the amide anion. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
Structure–reactivity relationships of alkyl α‐hydroxymethacrylate derivatives
Authors: Karahan Ozlem , Avci Duygu , Avİyente Vİktorya 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA series of alkyl α‐hydroxymethacrylate derivatives with various secondary functionalities (ether, ester, carbonate, and carbamate) and terminal groups (alkyl, cyano, oxetane, cyclic carbonate, phenyl and morpholine) were synthesized to investigate the effect of intermolecular interactions, H‐bonding, π–π interactions, and dipole moment on monomer reactivity. All of the monomers except one ester and one ether derivative are novel. The polymerization rates, determined by using photo‐DSC, showed the average trend (aromatic carbamate > hydroxyl > ester > carbonate ∼ aliphatic carbamate ∼ ether), with several exceptions due to the differences in terminal groups. There is a correlation between the chemical shift differences of the double bond carbons, the calculated dipole moments, and the reactivities only for nonhydrogen bonded monomers. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
Statistical copolymers of methyl methacrylate and 2‐methacryloyloxyethyl ferrocenecarboxylate: Monomer reactivity ratios, thermal and electrochemical properties
Authors: Droulia Margarita , Anastasaki Athina , Rokotas Alexandros , Pitsikalis Marinos , Paraskevopoulou Patrina 
Published: May 2011

AbstractStatistical copolymers of methyl methacrylate (MMA) with 2‐methacryloyloxyethyl ferrocenecarboxylate (MAEFC) were prepared by free radical polymerization. The reactivity ratios were estimated using the Fineman‐Ross, inverted Fineman‐Ross, Kelen‐Tüdos, and extended Kelen‐Tüdos graphical methods. Structural parameters of the copolymers were obtained by calculating the dyad monomer sequence fractions and the mean sequence length. The glass‐transition temperature (Tg) values of the copolymers were measured and examined by means of several theoretical equations, allowing the prediction of these Tg values. The thermal degradation behavior of the copolymers was also studied and compared with the respective homopolymers. Cyclic voltammetry was employed to study the electrochemical properties of the copolymers. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
Bipolar copoly(aryl ether) containing distyrylbenzene, triphenylamine, and 1,2,4‐triazole moieties: Synthesis and optoelectronic properties
Authors: Wu Chia‐Shing , Lee Shawn‐Lin , Chen Yun 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA novel copoly(aryl ether) (P1) consisting of alternate emitting segments (distyrylbenzene) and a bipolar moiety composed of directly linked electron‐transporting aromatic 1,2,4‐triazole and hole‐transporting triphenylamine was synthesized. The copoly(aryl ether) is readily soluble in common organic solvents and exhibit good thermal stability with thermal decomposition temperature above 450 °C. The emission and the photoluminescence quantum yield of the copolymer are dominated by the emitting segments (distyrylbenzene) with longer emissive wavelength. Electron affinity of P1 is evidently enhanced after introducing the isolated bipolar unit, as confirmed by the lowered lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level (–2.77 eV) relative to P0 without bipolar unit (–2.34 eV). This results in improved emission efficiency of its polymer light‐emitting diode (indium tin oxide/poly(3,4‐ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)/P1/LiF/Ca/Al) due to more balanced charges injection and transport. Blending P1 with poly(9,9‐dihexylfluorene) (PF) further improves the efficiency of the device; the best performance was obtained for PF/P1 = 20/0.8 (w/w) with maximum luminance and maximum luminance efficiency being significantly enhanced to 3260 cd/m2 and 1.08 cd/A, respectively, from 380 cd/m2 and 0.009 cd/A of P1‐based device. These results demonstrate that the bipolar moiety can be used to enhance charges injection and transport of electroluminescent polymers. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
Mechanism of high thermal stability of commercial polyesters and polyethers conjugated with bio‐based caffeic acid
Authors: Thi Tran Hang , Matsusaki Michiya , Hirano Hiroshi , Kawano Hiroaki , Agari Yasuyuki , Akashi Mitsuru 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn previous report, we discovered that a novel improvement technique to enhance the thermal properties of poly(L‐lactide)s (PLLAs) by terminal conjugation with 3,4‐diacetoxycinnamic acid (DACA). In this study, we clarified the mechanism of the enhancement of thermal stability by using commercial polyesters and polyethers. The effect of thermal improvement by the terminal conjugation of DACA on poly(DL‐lactide), poly(ε‐caprolactone), and poly(ethylene glycol) was almost the same as about 100 °C increase. The amount of residual tin catalyst, which enhances the thermal degradation of polyesters, was reduced at undetected level after the terminal conjugation of DACA probably due to the removal of tin during DACA conjugation process. Furthermore, the π‐π stacking interactions of DACA units and the chemical protection of terminal hydroxyl groups, which enhances intramolecular scission, were also important for the high thermal stability. We clarified that the extreme high thermal stability by DACA conjugation was induced by these above mechanisms. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
Synthesis of polymers bearing 1,3‐benzoxazine moiety in the side chains from poly(allylamine) and their crosslinking behaviors
Authors: Oie Hiroaki , Sudo Atsushi , Endo Takeshi 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA polymer bearing 1,3‐benzoxazine moiety in the side chain was synthesized successfully from poly(allylamine) based on a stepwise strategy consisted of three steps: (1) treatment of poly(allylamine) with salicylaldehyde to convert the amino group in the side chain into the corresponding o‐(iminomethyl)phenol moiety, (2) reduction of the o‐(iminomethyl)phenol to obtain the corresponding o‐(aminomethyl)phenol moiety, and (3) formation of 1,3‐benzoxazine moiety by the reaction of the o‐(aminomethyl)phenol with formaldehyde. The content ratio of benzoxazine moieties and o‐(aminomethyl)phenol moieties in the polymer were tunable by varying amount of formaldehyde. The presence of o‐(aminomethyl)phenol moieties exhibited a significant promoting effect on the crosslinking reaction. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011