bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The mean time between failures for an LCD panel
Authors: Wang Fu‐Kwun , Chu Tao‐Peng 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe calculation of mean time between failures is very important in reliability life data analysis. For different distributions, the values of mean time between failures are always different. The two‐parameter Weibull distribution is widely used in reliability engineering. However, some distributions may offer a better fit of data. This paper aims to develop an algorithm for determining the best‐fitted distribution of a liquid crystal display panel based on the field return data. The two‐parameter and three‐parameter Weibull distributions and other distributions such as the Burr XII distribution, the Pareto distribution and the Log‐logistic distribution are compared to provide a better characterization of the life data which is based on the maximum value of all log‐likelihood functions. We also provide a goodness‐of‐fit test for the best‐fitted distribution. It is recommended that the Burr XII distribution could be used to characterize the reliability life of a liquid crystal display panel. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Li atoms attached to helium nanodroplets
Authors: Hernando Alberto , Mayol Ricardo , Pi Martí , Barranco Manuel , Kerkines Ioannis S. K. , Mavridis Aristides 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe have studied helium drops doped with Li atoms within finite‐range density functional theory using Li–He pair potentials obtained by the multireference configuration interaction method combined with augmented core‐valence correlation consistent basis sets of quintuple‐zeta quality. The absorption spectrum of Li around the 2p ← 2s transition has been determined by a semiclassical approach, and by the Fourier analysis of the time‐correlation function of the Li atom in the full three‐dimensional 2Π1/2, 2Π3/2, and 2Σ1/2 potentials generated by its pairwise interaction with the helium droplet. We show that the bound–bound contribution to the absorption line is red‐shifted and more pronounced in Li@4HeN than in Li@3HeN, for which it is blue‐shifted instead, in accordance with experiments. This fact is related to the experimental appearance of a red‐shifted shoulder in the absorption line of Li attached to 4He drops that is absent when it is attached to 3He drops. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011
Simulating events of unknown probabilities via reverse time martingales
Authors: Łatuszyński Krzysztof , Kosmidis Ioannis , Papaspiliopoulos Omiros , Roberts Gareth O. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractLet s∈(0,1) be uniquely determined but only its approximations can be obtained with a finite computational effort. Assume one aims to simulate an event of probability s. Such settings are often encountered in statistical simulations. We consider two specific examples. First, the exact simulation of non‐linear diffusions ([3]). Second, the celebrated Bernoulli factory problem ([10, 13]) of generating an f(p)‐coin given a sequence X1,X2,… of independent tosses of a p‐coin (with known f and unknown p). We describe a general framework and provide algorithms where this kind of problems can be fitted and solved. The algorithms are straightforward to implement and thus allow for effective simulation of desired events of probability s. Our methodology links the simulation problem to existence and construction of unbiased estimators. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 38, 441–452, 2011
Tof‐SIMS studies on chlorhexidine and its reaction products with sodium hypochlorite to ascertain decomposition products
Authors: Sodhi R. , Manek S. , Fillery E. , Basrani B. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe combination of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and Chlorhexidine (CHX), results in the formation of a precipitate. Previous studies have been conducted to find at which concentrations the precipitate appeared and its identity. One postulate is that when CHX breaks down that one of its products is the toxic para‐chloroaniline. Both X‐Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Time‐of‐Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry have been used to qualify and quantify the precipitation. A problem that exists with both techniques is that the breakdown components are likely to show similar functionalities/fragments as those in CHX. Thus the presence of the breakdown components can only be surmised. For example, CHX shows peaks at 127, 153, 170 and 195 in the positive ToF‐SIMS spectrum corresponding to various molecular fragments from the parent CHX molecule arising from the breaking of the various C to N bonds. However, the major peak for chloroaniline is also that at 127. The positive ToF‐SIMS spectrum of the precipitate (after DI‐water wash) shows these fragments as well as a peak at 111 correlating with the NaOCl concentration. However, importantly, there is no evidence of the CHX parent ion on the precipitate which is present in the mass spectrum of CHX. This suggests that the fragments shown in the precipitate mass spectrum do arise from the breakdown components. This is further confirmed by mass spectra taken of the cooled precipitate and also from immiscible liquids present in the DI‐water wash solution, which showed a large increase in the peak intensity at mass 127. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular SIMS imaging; spatial resolution and molecular sensitivity: have we reached the end of the road? Is there light at the end of the tunnel?
Authors: Fletcher John S. , Lockyer Nicholas P. , Vickerman John C. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis article describes how advances in instrument development facilitate the generation of high‐contrast secondary ion images by employing polyatomic ion beams and sampling in excess of the traditional static limit. The ability to perform high primary ion fluence molecular imaging with good mass resolution and spatial resolution on an improved time scale provides a new means of exploring the challenges presented by biological analysis with SIMS and provides an insight into requirements of sample preparation and data interpretation. These benefits and challenges are highlighted using examples of ToF‐SIMS imaging of rat brain and rat kidney tissue sections. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemical depth profiling of copper oxide film by ToF‐SIMS using Bi3++ cluster
Authors: Masudome Harumi , Abe Hiroko 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn this contribution, we examined chemical information depth profiling of metal oxide film by time‐of‐flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS). We focused on the oxidation of copper film used in a semiconductor field. As a result of the investigation of experimental conditions to analyze the chemical properties, it was shown that the molecular secondary ion intensities of [CuxOy]− were strong when using Bi3++ cluster primary ions compared with Bi+ primary ion. It was assumed that copper natural oxide film was Cu(OH)2/CuO/Cu2O/Cu layered structure, and approximately 2 nm thick. It was suggested that Cu2O became thick because of the existence of chlorine. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
TOF‐SIMS analysis of media lubricant under laser irradiation for HAMR application
Authors: Ji Rong , Xu Jianwei , Liew Thomas , Zhang Jun , Xie H. Q. , Xu Baoxi , Dao T. K. L. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractHeat‐assistant magnetic recording (HAMR) is a promising approach for enabling large increases in storage density of a hard disk drive. Under HAMR conditions, all hard disk components including lubricant thin film used for hard disk media should have the property of high thermal stability. This paper studies the property of a potential and current commercial lubricant under HAMR laser irradiation conditions. Through the study of the relationship between the lubricant molecular structure and the properties, guidance for new lubricant design and development has been explored. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
SIMS analytical technique for PV applications
Authors: Peres P. , Merkulov A. , Desse F. , Schuhmacher M. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis paper presents analytical performances provided by SIMS tools for the development and manufacture of new solar cells. Results for two main applications are presented: trace element analysis in PV (photovoltaic) Si feedstock with detection limits from the ppm down to the ppb range (depending on the species to be analyzed) for light elements (C, O, N), main Si dopants (B, P, As) and metals; indepth distribution of main components and trace elements in CIGS thin films. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular depth profiling with reactive ions, or why chemistry matters in sputtering
Authors: Houssiau L. , Mine N. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe have shown in recent papers that low‐energy Cs+ ions can be used successfully for molecular depth profiling of polymers. This paper reviews a few key experiments that provide a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in reactive ion depth profiling. It is shown that damaged polymer (polystyrene and polycarbonate) layers, initially bombarded with high‐energy gallium irradiation, can be efficiently removed by low‐energy Cs+ sputtering so that the polymer molecular signal is restored. The role played by the primary ion energy is then studied by measuring the sputtering yields at different energies on polystyrene, poly (methylmethacrylate) and polycarbonate. Depth profiles on PC were also obtained at six different Cs+ energies ranging from 150 to 1 keV. The best conditions were obtained at 200 and 250 eV, and the depth profile quality degrades above 500 eV. Finally, the negative ionization enhancement due to Cs implantation is studied by means of the Cs/Xe cosputtering method. All those experiments are consistent with a polymer cross‐linking inhibition model, due to reactions between the implanted Cs atoms and the free radicals generated by ion irradiation. The main effect in molecular depth profiling with reactive ions is, therefore, a chemical effect. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantification of germanium in Si1−xGex alloys by negative mode ToF‐SIMS: the interest of the full spectrum method
Authors: Py M. , Barnes J. P. , Hartmann J. M. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe abundance of work on Si1−xGex‐based devices demonstrates the importance of compositional characterization of such materials. The matrix effect in SIMS limits accurate concentration determination to a certain range of x. In previous works it was shown that this limitation can be surpassed by following MCs2+ secondary ions which allows Ge concentration to be quantified in the x = 0.05 to 0.85 range. Here an alternative protocol for Ge quantification using negative ion detection in ToF‐SIMS is investigated. The negative secondary ion emission from epitaxially grown Si1−xGex was studied with a TOF SIMS V from ION‐TOF GmbH. Although a fair linear correlation between ion ratios and Ge/Si layer composition ratios was found, non linear behavior was still present, hampering the precision of the method. Therefore, an alternative protocol was investigated, the full‐spectrum method, which states proportionality between composition of the secondary ion beam and that of the actual material. SiGe layers were depth profiled with a long cycle time to allow detection of SinGem clusters up to n, m = 6. The Ge (Si) composition of the secondary ion beam was calculated and compared with the composition as determined by XRD. Excellent linear correlation is observed. The repeatability of the method and the influence of the sputter beam energy on the secondary ion beam composition were also studied. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using Testlet Response Theory to analyze data from a survey of attitude change among breast cancer survivors
Authors: Wang Xiaohui , Baldwin Su , Wainer Howard , Bradlow Eric T. , Reeve Bryce B. , Smith Ashley W. , Bellizzi Keith M. , Baumgartner Kathy B. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn this paper we examine alternative measurement models for fitting data from health surveys. We show why a testlet‐based latent trait model that includes covariate information, embedded within a fully Bayesian framework, can allow multiple simultaneous inferences and aid interpretation. We illustrate our approach with a survey of breast cancer survivors that reveals how the attitudes of those patients change after diagnosis toward a focus on appreciating the here‐and‐now, and away from consideration of longer‐term goals. Using the covariate information, we also show the extent to which individual‐level variables such as race, age and Tamoxifen treatment are related to a patient's change in attitude.The major contribution of this research is to demonstrate the use of a hierarchical Bayesian IRT model with covariates in this application area; hence a novel case study, and one that is certainly closely aligned with but distinct from the educational testing applications that have made IRT the dominant test scoring model. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Social capital and psychological distress of elderly in Japanese rural communities
Authors: Hamano Tsuyoshi , Yamasaki Masayuki , Fujisawa Yoshikazu , Ito Katsuhisa , Nabika Toru , Shiwaku Kuninori 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe growing recognition of the social determinants of health has stimulated research on social capital and mental health. We explored new empirical evidence regarding whether social capital was a determinant of psychological distress. Baseline surveys examining psychological distress were conducted in two towns in 2006–2007 (participation rates for those aged 20 or over were 27.6 per cent, 6.1 per cent). We also conducted follow‐up surveys in 2008 to capture the social capital measured by trust. By linking these data and excluding the missing data, 141 males and 234 females remained as the subjects of our study. Results showed that the odds ratios of psychological distress was higher in groups with low social capital measured by trust (odds ratio 2.17; 95 per cent CI, 1.40–3.36), than those in groups with high social capital. Further, we examined the interaction effect of social capital and social support. The odds ratios of psychological distress was higher in groups with some social support/lower trust (odds ratio 2.21; 95 per cent CI, 1.36–3.58) or no social support/lower trust (odds ratio 2.07; 95 per cent CI, 1.06–4.05), than those in groups with some social support/higher trust. These findings reinforce the hypothesized discussion regarding pathways from social capital to psychological distress via supportive relationships. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Excitonic interaction: another photophysical process for fluorescence‐controlled nucleic acid sensing
Authors: Okamoto Akimitsu 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAn excitonic interaction caused by the H‐aggregation of fluorescent dyes is a new type of useful photophysical process for fluorescence‐controlled nucleic acid sensing. We designed a fluorescence‐labeled nucleotide in which two thiazole orange dyes were linked covalently. A DNA strand containing this fluorescence‐labeled nucleotide showed absorption at 480 nm before hybridization, whereas an absorption band at 510 nm became predominant when the DNA was hybridized with the complementary strand. The shift in the absorption bands shows the existence of an excitonic interaction between dyes in the nucleotide, and as a result, emission from the doubly thiazole orange‐labeled DNA was well controlled. This clear change in fluorescence intensity depending on hybridization is applicable to multicolor RNA imaging in living cells. © 2010 The Japan Chemical Journal Forum and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Chem Rec 10: 188–196; 2010: Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI 10.1002/tcr.201000003
Methane storage in porous metal−organic frameworks: current records and future perspectives
Authors: Zhou Wei 
Published: May 2010

AbstractPorous metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) are a novel family of physisorptive materials exhibiting great potential for methane storage applications. Several MOF compounds have been reported to exhibit high methane uptake at room temperature and modest pressure, with a few even surpassing the target for material‐based, adsorbed methane storage set by U.S. Department of Energy. Here we briefly review the rapid research progress in recent years on methane storage in MOFs and highlight the current record holders. We also discuss the current understanding of the methane storage mechanism in these fascinating materials and outline the future directions in this field. © 2010 The Japan Chemical Journal Forum and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Chem Rec 10: 200–204; 2010: Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI 10.1002/tcr.201000004
PM10‐biogenic fraction drives the seasonal variation of proinflammatory response in A549 cells
Authors: Camatini Marina , Corvaja Viviana , Pezzolato Eleonora , Mantecca Paride , Gualtieri Maurizio 
Published: May 2010

AbstractPM10 was collected in a Milan urban site, representative of the city air quality, during winter and summer 2006. Mean daily PM10 concentration was 48 μg m−3 during summer and 148 μg m−3 during winter. Particles collected on Teflon filters were chemically characterized and the endotoxin content determined by the LAL test. PM10‐induced cell toxicity, assessed with MTT and LDH methods, and proinflammatory potential, monitored by IL‐6 and IL‐8 cytokines release, were investigated on the human alveolar epithelial cell line A549 exposed to increasing doses of PM. Besides untreated cells, exposure to inert carbon particles (2–12 μm) was also used as additional control. Both cell toxicity and proinflammatory potency resulted to be higher for summer PM10 with respect of winter PM10, with IL‐6 showing the highest dose‐dependent release. The relevance of biogenic components adsorbed onto PM10 in eliciting the proinflammatory mediators release was investigated by inhibition experiments. Polymixin B (Poly) was used to inhibit particle‐bind LPS while Toll‐like receptor‐2 antibody (a‐TLR2) to specifically block the activation of this receptor. While cell viability was not modulated in cells coexposed to PM10 and Poly or a‐TLR2 or both, inflammatory response did it, with IL‐6 release being the most inhibited. In conclusion, Milan PM10‐induced seasonal‐dependent biological effects, with summer particles showing higher cytotoxic and proinflammatory potential. Cytotoxicity seemed to be unaffected by the PM biogenic components, while inflammation was significantly reduced after the inhibition of some biogenic activated pathways. Besides, the PM‐associated biogenic activity does not entirely justify the PM‐induced inflammatory effects. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 2012.
Omphalocele: comparison of outcome following prenatal or postnatal diagnosis
Authors: Cohen‐Overbeek T. E. , Tong W. H. , Hatzmann T. R. , Wilms J. F. , Govaerts L. C. P. , Galjaard R. J. H. , Steegers E. A. P. , Hop W. C. J. , Wladimiroff J. W. , Tibboel D. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the impact of prenatal compared with postnatal diagnosis on outcome for liveborn infants with an isolated or with a non‐isolated omphalocele.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of 101 prenatally and 45 postnatally diagnosed cases of omphalocele. Cases were collected from the ultrasound database of the Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine and the patient database of the Department of Pediatric Surgery.ResultsFollowing confirmation at delivery or autopsy, prenatally diagnosed omphaloceles included 21 isolated cases, 44 non‐isolated cases with a normal karyotype and 36 non‐isolated cases with an abnormal karyotype. Of the prenatally diagnosed apparently isolated cases (n = 31), 12 (39%; 95% CI, 22–58%) revealed associated anomalies after delivery. Liveborn infants with an isolated omphalocele had significantly worse short‐term morbidity following prenatal diagnosis (n = 14) compared with diagnosis at birth (n = 29), having a lower gestational age at delivery, lower Apgar scores, longer duration of ventilation and parenteral nutrition, more readmissions and a longer hospital stay. The prenatally diagnosed subset contained more infants with a giant omphalocele (9/14 vs. 3/29, P = 0.001) and liver herniation (8/14 vs. 6/29, P = 0.02). The outcome of liveborn infants with a non‐isolated omphalocele diagnosed prenatally (n = 17) was not different from that of those diagnosed at birth (n = 16), except for a greater need for ventilation and parenteral nutrition in the prenatal subset.ConclusionWhen counseling patients with a prenatal diagnosis of isolated omphalocele, it is important to remember that over one third could turn out to have associated anomalies. Liveborn infants with an isolated omphalocele detected prenatally have worse short‐term morbidity than do cases detected at birth. Those with non‐isolated omphaloceles detected prenatally have an increased need for ventilation and parenteral nutrition compared with those detected at birth. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Repeat expansion diseases: when a good RNA turns bad
Authors: Dickson Alexa M. , Wilusz Carol J. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAn increasing number of dominantly inherited diseases have now been linked with expansion of short repeats within specific genes. Although some of these expansions affect protein function or result in haploinsufficiency, a significant portion cause pathogenesis through production of toxic RNA molecules that alter cellular metabolism. In this review, we examine the criteria that influence toxicity of these mutant RNAs and discuss new developments in therapeutic approaches. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.This article is categorized under:

RNA Structure and Dynamics > RNA Structure, Dynamics, and Chemistry
RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein–RNA Interactions: Functional Implications
RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
Relationship between gonadal steroid hormones and vulvar bleeding in southern tamandua, Tamandua tetradactyla
Authors: Kusuda Satoshi , Endoh Tomoko , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Adachi Itsuki , Doi Osamu , Kimura Junpei 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis study aimed at demonstrating the profiles of circulating gonadal steroid hormones during the estrous cycle and pregnancy in a southern tamandua (Tamandua tetradactyla). Additionally, this study clarified the relationship between vulvar bleeding and hormonal changes. The concentrations of serum progesterone (P4) and estradiol‐17β (E2) were determined by enzyme immunoassays. Serum P4 and E2 concentrations changed cyclically and the estrous cycle length (±SD) based on the E2 cycles was 44.3±4.5 days. Vulvar bleeding started to be seen at the decreasing of P4. The cycle length for vulvar bleeding was 43.3±4.2 days. Interval from the first day of bleeding to the peak of E2 concentration was 23.1±3.1 days. Serum P4 during pregnancy remained high and E2 increased 8 weeks after conception and remained high until parturition. The female delivered normally after a 165 day‐pregnancy period and reared the offspring well. Approximately 3 weeks after parturition, serum E2 and P4 cycles resumed. Visual bleeding may be useful as a real‐time indicator for understanding the ovarian cycle of southern tamanduas, and estrus could be expected approximately 3 weeks after the first bleeding. Zoo Biol 30:212–217, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.