bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case control study on maternal complications of teenage pregnancy in Nepal
Authors: Mahato Sweta , Younjan Sanjeev 
Published: April 2024

Background: WHO defines Teenage pregnancy as pregnancy in a female under the age of 20. Pregnant teenagers face many of the same pregnancy related issues as other women with additional concerns for as they are less likely to be physically developed to sustain a healthy pregnancy or to give birth. For girls aged 15–19, risks are associated with socioeconomic factors along with the biological effects of age. Risk of premature labor, anemia, and pre-eclampsia are observed more in teen births compared to women of optimum reproductive age group. This study is an attempt to know the prevalence of maternal complications of teenage mothers so as for appropriate management and early recognition can be done in future.
Objectives: To compare the maternal complications of teenage pregnancies with those of normal pregnancies.
Methods: A case control study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Nepal. A total of 75 (case) i.e. teenage pregnancy and 75 (control) i.e. women with optimal age group were studied. This was a hospital-based study and the data were collected during 5th January 2018 to 5th January 2019. The preformed proforma was used for history taking and examination of all participants. Only those participants who gave written consent were included in the study. Odds Ratio and its 95% CI was calculated by using conditional logistic regression. P-value of<0.05 was considered as significant.
Results: Most of the teens were in their first pregnancy with mean age 17 years. This study concluded that maternal complications were higher in teenage pregnancy (40%Vs 15%). The maternal complications like Hypertensive Disorders (OR= 2.65, 95%CI :1.07-6.54, P=0.031), Anaemia (OR= 2.07, 95%CI:1.07-4.02, P=0.031), Preterm Labour (OR= 2.28, 95%CI:1.15-4.52, P=0.017) and PPH (OR =2.49, 95%CI:1.04-5.94, P=0.04) were associated with teenage pregnancy respectively.
Conclusion: Teenage pregnancies are at the increased risk of maternal complications like hypertensive disorders, anaemia, preterm labour, and PPH. The complications are even higher in developing countries like ours where there are limited health resources and restrictive marriage laws. Therefore, an adequate antenatal visit for early detection and timely management will reduce the maternal complications during teenage pregnancy. Similarly, proper marriage laws should be implicated to prevent teenage pregnancies.
Spatial association of socio-economic status and prevalence of Tuberculosis in Nepal, 2019
Authors: Sharma Vijay , Laohasiriwong Wongsa , Mahato Roshan Kumar , Sornlorm Kittipong 
Published: April 2024

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable disease which is one of the major causes of poor health and the leading cause of death around the world. Nepal is a developing country which is still fighting against poverty and many communicable diseases including TB. Although many studies have explored the TB and its associated factors, there are very rare studies addressing the spatial association of TB with associated factors.
Objectives: This study aims to find out the spatial association of socio-economic status and prevalence of tuberculosis in Nepal in the year 2019.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out by utilizing the data set available from National Tuberculosis Control Center Nepal in the year 2019 and other associated factors from different sources. A Moran’s I and Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) were used to identify the spatial autocorrelation between TB and associated factors in Nepal.
Results: The results indicated the spatial autocorrelation between TB and socio-economic factors in Nepal. Statistically significant factors were; Night Time Light, Land Surface Temperature Day, Land Surface Temperature Night, Population Density, Urban Area, Wall with Cement Stone, Roof with Reinforced Cement Concrete, and Fuel Liquefied Petroleum Gas with Moran’s I value of 0.303, 0.428, 0.430, 0.271, 0.265, 0.433, 0.435 and 0.282.
In the year 2019, the LISA analysis identified the significant positive spatial local autocorrelation of Night Time Light with 8 high-high and 8 low-low districts, Land Surface Temperature Day with 12 high-high and 5 low-low districts, Land Surface Temperature Night with 12 high-high and 5 low-low districts, Population Density with 7 high-high and 8 low-low districts, Urban Area with 7 high-high and 8 low-low districts, Wall with Cement Stone with 11 high-high and 8 low-low districts, Roof with Reinforced Cement Concrete with 10 high-high and 8 low-low districts, like wise Fuel Liquefied Petroleum Gas with 9 high-high and 8 low-low districts respectively.
Conclusion: There were significant spatial associations between prevalence of tuberculosis and socio-economic status in Nepal in the year 2019, which should be addressed by new policy recommendations to detect the tuberculosis cases and possible associated factors to minimize the burden of TB in significant way.
Study on hospitalization cost of elderly patients with lung cancer in the Western region of China
Authors: Jiang Nan , Promasatayaprot Vorapoj , Gao Hong Da 
Published: April 2024

Background: By collecting the medical record information of hospitalization cost (HC) of the elderly over 60 years, to comprehensively analyze the influencing factors of the rise of HC from the internal and external dimensions, so as to put forward targeted measures and suggestions to control the excessive growth of HC.
Objectives: to assess the hospitalization cost of elderly patients with lung cancer in the Western region of China
Methods: Taking a tertiary hospital in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China, herein after referred to as Guangxi Xi as a sample, the medical record home page data of lung cancer patients over 60 years old from 2012 to 2016 were collected, and the influencing factors of HC were analyzed. Grey Relation Analysis and Structural Variation Degree were used in the analysis of internal influencing factors. Structural Equation Model was used in the analysis of external influencing factors.
Results: The HC of elderly patients with lung cancer was found to be increased year by year from 2012 to 2016. The structural variation degree of HC from 2015 to 2016 was the largest, which was 12.81%. The Grey Relation analysis results showed that the correlation degrees of medicine cost, examination cost and consumables cost were 1.000, 0.8606 and 0.7559 respectively, which were the main internal factors affecting HC. The structural equation model showed that the length of stay, whether to operate, re-hospitalization plan, the number of complications, occupation and hospitalization frequency had an impact on the HC and their total impact effects were 0.688, 0.428, 0.221, 0.184, 054 and 0.044 respectively.
Conclusion: The HC of elderly patients with lung cancer are increasing year by year, but the increase rate is reasonable. The cost of medicine and consumable have been solved to a certain extent, while the examination cost still needs to be further controlled. The length of stay is still the main influencing factor, and other factors will indirectly affect the hospitalization cost through this factor.
Forecasting the demand of public health professionals at the primary care level at the present and in the next 5 - 10 years in Thailand (2026– 2031)
Authors: Sornlorm Kittipong , Bangchuad Paisan , Boukam Tasanee , Pongpanich Sathirakorn , Pitaksanurat Somsak , Laohasiriwong Wongsa 
Published: April 2024

Background: An increase in the number and proportion of senior citizens, chronic diseases including mental illnesses and the incidence of emerging diseases cause the medical and public health workforce to increase the workload. This situation demands influences the public demand and expectations to increase the manpower of the health system.
Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to analyze and forecast the demand for public health professionals at the primary care level in Thailand in the present and the next 5 to 10 years (2026-2031).
Methods: The data was analyzed by using a Health Needs Method and Health Demand Method; all health services provided were in consideration with promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative, and other public health services.
Results: The study results forecasted the demand of manpower in the health system using the Health Needs Method at the present (2020), revealed the demand of public health professionals with 7,268 individuals, 5,637 nurses, 3,005 dental personnel and 3,942 physical therapists respectively. The forecasting of the demand for manpower at the present using the health demand method revealed that the demand for public health professionals were 3,386 individuals, 2,431 nurses, 4,862 dental personnel, 66,001 physical therapists and 19,171 Thai traditional-medicine personnel. The health system manpower demand forecast in the next 5-10 years (2026 – 2031) using the Health Demand Method found that the demand of public health professionals will be 7,356 - 7,378 individuals, 5,706 - 5,723 nurses, 3,041 - 3,050 dental personnel and 3,990 - 4,002 physical therapists. However, the forecast of the demand for manpower in the health system at the present using the Health Demand Method for the next 5-10 years (2026 – 2031) indicated the demand of public health professionals will be 3,427 - 3,437 individuals, 2,460 - 2,468 nurses, 4,921 - 4,936 dental personnel, 66,799 - 66,999 physical therapists and 19,403 - 19,461 Thai traditional medicine personnel.
Conclusion: The demand of public health professionals in this study is higher than the standard of the Ministry of Public Health. Therefore, there should be a forecast to support manpower planning to have continuous operations.
Factors influencing cervical cancer screening uptake among the women in Maesot, Tak province, Thailand
Authors: Myint Than , Sakphisutthikul Chutikan , Wor Mi Thi  
Published: April 2024

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most significant public health issues in Thailand. The number of women who have had cervical cancer screenings has increased over time; however, if major obstacles are not addressed, it will become challenging to maintain this success.
Objectives: This study aimed to identify the magnitude and factors influencing cervical cancer screening uptake among women in Maesot, Tak Province, Thailand.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Maesot, Thailand. A structured questionnaire was used. Descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression were used to determine the magnitude of the cervical cancer screening uptake and associated factors. The association was described with an Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) and 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) at the statistically significant level of p-value < 0.05.
Results: Of the total 422 women, the average age was 38.82 ±8.46 years. Nearly one-fourth of the respondents were Thai nationals. Almost 70% of respondents were married, and 80% were employed. About one-third of respondents had a high school level of education. The magnitude of Cervical Cancer Screening Uptake (CCSU) was 13.27% (95% CI: 10.34-16.86). Age ≥ 40 years (AOR=2.15, 95%CI: 1.05-4.40), Christian and having others religion (AOR=2.19,95% CI:1.08-4.44), married between 26 years to 43 years (AOR= 2.93, 95%CI: 1.45-5.93), having good knowledge of cervical cancer (AOR= 4.70, 95%CI: 2.22-9.72), and having good knowledge of cervical cancer screening program (AOR= 6.58, 95%CI: 2.82-17.77) were significant predictors of cervical cancer screening.
Conclusion: Cervical cancer screening among women in Maesot is lower than that of national coverage of Thailand. Determining factors for the decision to undergo cervical cancer screening uptake include age, religion, age of marriage, knowledge of cervical cancer and knowledge of cervical cancer screening program. To improve uptake, structured screening programs need to be implemented in collaboration with national partners and institutions to decrease the incidence of cervical cancer in Thailand.
A spatial relationship between density of agricultural land and unmet need for work among elderly in Thailand
Authors: Parkpoom Phot , Laohasiriwong Wongsa , Mahato Roshan Kumar , Prasit Nakarin 
Published: April 2024

Background: Thailand’s aging society is growing as compared to the youngers because of the decreasing birth rate. The transition to an aging society affects the country’s economic system, employment systems, institutional systems, and families. Less productivity of older workers leads to issues like farm succession problems and elderly unemployment.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the proportion of unmet needs for work among the elderly and the spatial association of the density of agricultural land in Thailand.
Methods: Data set of 2017 Elderly Population Survey of the National Statistical Office and agricultural area information of the National Statistical Office Thailand were used. A Moran's I and Local Indicators of Spatial Association were used to identify the spatial autocorrelation between unmet needs of work among elderly and density of agriculture land in Thailand. Quantum GIS program and Geo Da program were applied to analyse spatial data.
Results: The highest prevalence of unmet needs for work among the elderly in Thailand was in Bueng Kan Province (78.32%) and the lowest was in Lamphun Province (37.20%). Univariate Moran's I analysis showed that there was a concentration of surrounding neighbourhoods with the work needs of the elderly (Hot spot or High-High) in the Samut Prakan Province, and Bueng Kan Province (red area). A high concentration of agricultural land densities with the high unmet work needs of the elderly was found in the Udon Thani and Bueng Kan Province.
Conclusion: The findings of this study show the positive and statistically significant relationship in Thai population between agricultural land density and unmet work needs among the elderly. Concern agencies can use the results of this study to establish values and social roles for the elderly in Thailand. Furthermore, this study enables policymakers in the agriculture industry to create and implement an acceptable working environment based on the willingness of elderly.
Trauma-Related Deaths in the Accident and Emergency Department of a Nigerian Teaching Hospital
Authors: Tamunokuro Diamond , Amadi Christian Emeka 
Published: April 2024

Background: Trauma is a significant contributor to morbidity, disabilities, loss of man hours and mortality in both the developed and developing world with 90% of global trauma deaths occurring in low and middle income countries. The extent of motor vehicular use, degree of adherence to use of safety gadgets, strength of enforcement of industrial safety regulations, level of civil unrest as well as other socio-demographic indices predict the contribution of various etiologic factors. Deaths from the trauma may perhaps have far more psychologic and physical impact on families that from acute/chronic medical cases
Method: A retrospective study of the admission records and in-patient records of all trauma related deaths in the accident and emergency unit of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital from 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2022 was done. Relevant information was extracted and analyzed. Data obtained was analyzed descriptively. Results were presented in tables and charts where necessary. Means and standard deviations were used to represent certain variables.
Results: Total emergencies (medical and surgical) seen within the study period were 42,443, total injuries seen were 10,787 giving a crude injury prevalence rate of 25.4%. There were a total of 766 deaths among injured patients giving a crude mortality rate of 7.1%. Road traffic accidents (RTAs) (46.3%) and Firearm injuries (23.5%) were the most common injury mechanisms seen. Traumatic brain injuries are by far the leading cause of trauma-related deaths in the ER (82.5%) with most deaths (96.1%) occurring within the first 72hours of Admission.
Conclusion: Trauma-related deaths occur in 7.1% of all injuries presenting at the study sight. The most common mechanism is RTA while the most affected victim is the young adult male. Traumatic brain injury accounts for more deaths than all others combined with most of the deaths occurring within the first 72hours of presentation. All efforts at reducing these injuries should be encouraged.
Quantum Yield Measurement of Fluorescent Zeolite Nanopigments
Authors: Nicolet Olivier , Huber Stefan , Lovey Caroline , Chappellet Sabrina , Perrenoud Juliette , Pauchard Marc , Ferrini Rolando , Zuppiroli Libero 
Published: May 2009

AbstractOrganic fluorescent molecules are infiltrated in the channels of zeolite L nanocrystals, thus creating organic–inorganic fluorescent nanoparticles. Combined with dielectric matrices, these fluorescent nanopigments open the way to the realization of novel optical devices. In this paper, the optical measurement of the quantum yield of fluorescent zeolites by means of a precise and reliable diffuse reflectance technique is presented. Several possible factors that may affect the fluorescence quantum yield are also investigated.
Formation of Hierarchically Structured Thin Films
Authors: Wang Ming , Comrie Jean E. , Bai Yunpeng , He Ximin , Guo Shaoyun , Huck Wilhelm T. S. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractHere, we report the preparation of hierarchically structured polymer brushes with well‐defined geometries via multiple step microcontact printing (MS‐µCP) of inks containing different ratios of initiator‐terminated thiols and non‐reactive alkylthiols. Thick (and dense), polymer brushes grew from self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) with high concentration of initiator‐terminated thiols, and these brushes exhibited high chemical etch‐resistance, compared to thin (and less dense), brushes grown from more dilute initiator‐terminated SAMs. Upon etching, patterned crosslinking polymer brush films decorated with thin layers of Au, could be lifted off the surface to form geometrically well‐defined free‐standing hierarchical films. These polymer brush films showed interesting buckling instabilities when compressed. Areas with different brush thicknesses and Au backing showed markedly different buckling behavior, leading to unusual patterns of wrinkles with different wavelengths and orientations toward the force field.
Unraveling Deterministic Mesoscopic Polarization Switching Mechanisms: Spatially Resolved Studies of a Tilt Grain Boundary in Bismuth Ferrite
Authors: Rodriguez Brian J. , Choudhury Samrat , Chu Y. H. , Bhattacharyya Abhishek , Jesse Stephen , Seal Katyayani , Baddorf Arthur P. , Ramesh R. , Chen Long‐Qing , Kalinin Sergei V. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe deterministic mesoscopic mechanism of ferroelectric domain nucleation is probed at a single atomically‐defined model defect: an artificially fabricated bicrystal grain boundary (GB) in an epitaxial bismuth ferrite film. Switching spectroscopy piezoresponse force microscopy (SS‐PFM) is used to map the variation of local hysteresis loops at the GB and in its immediate vicinity. It is found that the the influence of the GB on nucleation results in a slight shift of the negative nucleation bias to larger voltages. The mesoscopic mechanisms of domain nucleation in the bulk and at the GB are studied in detail using phase‐field modeling, elucidating the complex mechanisms governed by the interplay between ferroelectric and ferroelastic wall energies, depolarization fields, and interface charge. The combination of phase‐field modeling and SS‐PFM allows quantitative analysis of the mesoscopic mechanisms for polarization switching, and hence suggests a route for unraveling the mechanisms of polarization switching at a single defect level and ultimately optimizing materials properties through microstructure engineering.
Surface Design in Solid‐State Dye Sensitized Solar Cells: Effects of Zwitterionic Co‐adsorbents on Photovoltaic Performance
Authors: Wang Mingkui , Grätzel Carole , Moon Soo‐Jin , Humphry‐Baker Robin , Rossier‐Iten Nathalie , Zakeeruddin Shaik M. , Grätzel Michael 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn solid‐state dye sensitized solar cells (SSDSCs) charge recombination at the dye‐hole transporting material interface plays a critical role in the cell efficiency. For the first time we report on the influence of dipolar co‐adsorbents on the photovoltaic performance of sensitized hetero‐junction solar cells. In the present study, we investigated the effect of two zwitterionic butyric acid derivatives differing only in the polar moiety attached to their common 4 carbon‐chain acid, i.e., 4‐guanidinobutyric acid (GBA) and 4‐aminobutyric acid (ABA). These two molecules were implemented as co‐adsorbents in conjunction with Z907Na dye on the SSDSC. It was found that a Z907Na/GBA dye/co‐adsorbent combination increases both the open circuit voltage (Voc) and short‐circuit current density (Jsc) as compared to using Z907Na dye alone. The Z907Na/ABA dye/co‐adsorbent combination increases the Jsc. Impedance and transient photovoltage investigations elucidate the cause of these remarkable observations.
Synthesis of Microporous Carbon Nanofibers and Nanotubes from Conjugated Polymer Network and Evaluation in Electrochemical Capacitor
Authors: Feng Xinliang , Liang Yanyu , Zhi Linjie , Thomas Arne , Wu Dongqing , Lieberwirth Ingo , Kolb Ute , Müllen Klaus 
Published: May 2009

AbstractOne‐dimensional fibers and tubes are constructed through the oriented carbon‐carbon cross‐linking reactions towards rigid conjugated polymer networks. As the result, a template‐free and one‐step synthesis of CNTs and CNFs is achieved through a simple carbonization of the as‐formed carbon‐rich tubular and fiberlike polyphenylene precursors under argon. Microporous CNTs and CNFs with a surface area up to 900 m2 g–1 are obtained, together with HR‐TEM characterizations indicating the formation of intrinsic microporous structure in these rigid carbon‐rich networks. The primary electrochemical experiments reveal their promising applications as advanced electrodes in electrochemical double‐layered capacitor (EDLC).
Synthesis of Microspheres as Versatile Functional Scaffolds for Materials Science Applications
Authors: Barner Leonie 
Published: May 2009

AbstractFunctional polymeric microspheres are of great interest as they have high potential as functional scaffolds in material science applications. Highly cross‐linked poly(divinyl benzene) (pDVB) microspheres can be synthesized via the precipitation polymerization technique. Recently, various methods of controlled polymerization techniques (e.g., atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT), and anionic ring‐opening polymerization (AROP)) and highly orthogonal conjugation methods (e.g., copper‐catalyzed Huisgen 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of azides and terminal alkynes (CuAAc), thiol‐ene addition and RAFT hetero Diels–Alder cycloaddition (RAFT‐HDA)) have been applied to functionalize microspheres via the “grafting from” and “grafting to” approaches. The synthesis of pDVB microspheres, their subsequent modification via grafting of polymer strands to the surface, and the characterization of the obtained functional particles are reviewed.
Innentitelbild: Umwandlung der absoluten Konfiguration einzelner Adsorbatkomplexe (Angew. Chem. 22/2009)
Authors: Parschau Manfred , Passerone Daniele , Rieder Karl‐Heinz , Hug Hans J. , Ernst Karl‐Heinz 
Published: May 2009

AbstractFalsche Händigkeit? Kein Problem! K.‐H. Ernst et al. beschreiben in ihrer Zuschrift auf S. 4125 ff. eine Prozedur zur Konfigurationsumkehr einzelner chiraler Adsorbate. Durch inelastisch tunnelnde Elektronen aus einer Rastertunnelmikroskopspitze werden Molekülschwingungen angeregt, die dann Aktionen wie Rotation, Translation oder die Inversion der absoluten Konfiguration bewirken.magnified image