bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renal sympathetic denervation as second‐line therapy in mild resistant hypertension: A pilot study
Authors: Kaltenbach Benjamin , Franke Jennifer , Bertog Stefan C. , Steinberg Daniel H. , Hofmann Ilona , Sievert Horst 
Published: July 2012

BackgroundCatheter‐based renal sympathetic denervation (CRD) is associated with significant blood pressure (BP) reductions in patients with severe therapy‐resistant hypertension (office systolic BP ≥ 160 mm Hg or ≥ 150 mm Hg in diabetic patients). Effects of renal denervation on BP in patients with milder forms of therapy‐resistant hypertension have not been examined. We sought to investigate the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of CRD in patients with longstanding mild hypertension despite treatment with ≥ 3 antihypertensive drugs.MethodsConsecutive patients with office systolic BPs of 140–160 mm Hg despite ≥ 3 antihypertensive medications treated with CRD were included in this prospective study. Procedural safety and adverse events during follow‐up were assessed. Clinical evaluations were performed at baseline, 3, and 6 months to determine changes in office systolic BPs, 24‐hr ambulatory BPs, and medication doses.ResultsTwenty patients (mean age 60.6 ± 10.8 years; 45% female) treated with an average of 5.4 ± 1.5 antihypertensive drugs were treated with CRD. The procedure was successful in all patients. There were no procedure‐ or device‐related complications. BP at baseline was 148.4/83.0 ± 6.6/11.0 mm Hg and decreased by 5.7/0.6 ± 20.0/8.3 mm Hg (P = 0.2) and 13.1/5.0 ± 13.6/8.3 mm Hg (P < 0.01) at 3 and 6 months, respectively. Comparing baseline and 6‐month follow‐up, mean ambulatory 24 hr‐BP was reduced by 11.3/4.1 ± 8.6/7.3 mm Hg (P < 0.01). Four patients were able to reduce antihypertensive medications prior to their 3‐month visit.ConclusionAs in patients with severe treatment‐resistant hypertension, CRD is a safe and effective treatment for patients with milder drug‐resistant hypertension. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gutmann Donor and Acceptor Numbers for Ionic Liquids
Authors: Schmeisser Matthias , Illner Peter , Puchta Ralph , Zahl Achim , van Eldik Rudi 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe present for the first time Gutmann donor and acceptor numbers for a series of 36 different ionic liquids that include 26 distinct anions. The donor numbers were obtained by 23Na NMR spectroscopy and show a strong dependence on the anionic component of the ionic liquid. The donor numbers measured vary from −12.3 kcal mol−1 for the ionic liquid containing the weakest coordinative anion [emim][FAP] (1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate), which is a weaker donor than 1,2‐dichloroethane, to 76.7 kcal mol−1 found for the ionic liquid [emim][Br], which exhibits a coordinative strength in the range of tertiary amines. The acceptor numbers were measured by using 31P NMR spectroscopy and also vary as a function of the anionic and cationic component of the ionic liquid. The data are presented and correlated with other solvent parameters like the Kamlet–Taft set of parameters, and compared to the donor numbers reported by other groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Sc0.43(2)Rb2Mo15S19, a Partially Sc‐Filled Variant of Rb2Mo15S19.
Authors: Gougeon Patrick , Al Rahal Al Orabi Rabih , Gautier Regis , Potel Michel 
Published: July 2012

AbstractSingle crystals of the title compound are obtained from a mixture of Sc2S3, Rb2MoS4, MoS2, and Mo (Mo crucible, 1773 K, 48 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Structure, Molecular Motion, and Phase Transition of a Highly Disordered Crystal [Co(NH3)6](ClO4)3.
Authors: Gorska Natalia , Inaba Akira , Hirao Yasukazu , Mikuli Edward , Holderna‐Natkaniec Krystyna 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe title compound is characterized by adiabatic calorimetry, single crystal XRD, and NMR spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Band‐Gap Engineering of Zinc Oxide Colloids via Lattice Substitution with Sulfur Leading to Materials with Advanced Properties for Optical Applications Like Full Inorganic UV Protection.
Authors: Lehr Daniela , Luka Martin , Wagner Markus R. , Buegler Max , Hoffmann Axel , Polarz Sebastian 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBand gap engineering of ZnO materials making them more suitable for light absorption in the UV and VIS region is achieved via the incorporation of sulfur to form ZnO1‐xSx solid solutions.
ChemInform Abstract: Enhancement in the Performance of Ultrathin Hematite Photoanode for Water Splitting by an Oxide Underlayer.
Authors: Hisatomi Takashi , Dotan Hen , Stefik Morgan , Sivula Kevin , Rothschild Avner , Graetzel Michael , Mathews Nripan 
Published: July 2012

AbstractNb2O5 and TiO2 underlayers enhance the photoconversion efficiency of ultrathin hematite (α‐Fe2O3) photoelectrodes for water splitting.
ChemInform Abstract: “Sulfolefin”: Highly Modular Mixed S/Olefin Ligands for Enantioselective Rh‐Catalyzed 1,4‐Addition.
Authors: Khiar Noureddine , Salvador Alvaro , Chelouan Ahmed , Alcudia Ana , Fernandez Inmaculada 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe sulfinamide is efficient for the asymmetric 1,4‐addition of boronic acids to both cyclic and acyclic enones.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel/Zinc Chloride‐Promoted Domino Reaction of Enynes and Enones Including Unstrained C—C Bond Cleavage.
Authors: Ambe‐Suzuki Kaori , Ohyama Yukari , Shirai Naohiro , Ikeda Shin‐ichi 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe title cleavage occurs through β‐syn‐elimination of the 1,3‐dicarbonyl part of the enynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Aromatic Compounds by Catalytic C—C Bond Activation of Biphenylene or Angular [3]Phenylene.
Authors: Korotvicka Ales , Cisarova Ivana , Roithova Jana , Kotora Martin 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBiphenylene (I) or angular [3]phenylene (IV) undergo an iridium‐catalyzed reaction with various internal alkynes to give substituted phenanthrenes and picenes, correspondingly.
ChemInform Abstract: Olefin Epoxidation with tert‐Butyl Hydroperoxide Catalyzed by Functionalized Polymer‐Supported Copper(II) Schiff Base Complex.
Authors: Islam Sk Manirul , Roy Anupam Singha , Mondal Paramita , Mobarok Manir , Roy Brindaban , Salam Noor , Paul Sumantra , Mondal Sanchita 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA new polystyrene‐supported Cu(II) Schiff base complex is synthesized, which shows high catalytic activity in the epoxidation of both linear and cyclic olefins.
ChemInform Abstract: Enol Ethers as Substrates for Efficient Z‐ and Enantioselective Ring‐Opening/Cross‐Metathesis Reactions Promoted by Stereogenic‐at‐Mo Complexes: Utility in Chemical Synthesis and Mechanistic Attributes.
Authors: Yu Miao , Ibrahem Ismail , Hasegawa Masayuki , Schrock Richard R. , Hoveyda Amir H. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe reactions that involve enol ethers are shown to proceed readily and with exceptional (Z) selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Conversion of C=N Bonds to Their Corresponding Carbonyl Compounds by the Tribromoisocyanuric Acid/Wet SiO2 System as a Novel Reagent.
Authors: Habibi Davood , Zolfigol Mohammad Ali , Faraji Ali Reza , Rahmani Payam 
Published: July 2012

AbstractTribromoisocyanuric acid in the presence of wet SiO2 is a suitable reagent for the regeneration of carbonyl compounds from oximes, semicarbazones, azines, and Schiff bases under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1,2‐Bisalkylidenecyclopentanes from 1,6‐Allenynes via Stereoselective Addition of Nucleophiles to Ruthenacyclopentenes.
Authors: Saito Nozomi , Kohyama Yuh , Tanaka Yuki , Sato Yoshihiro 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA new type of reaction of ruthenacyclopentenes derived from 1,6‐allenynes (I) and (III) toward nucleophiles, such as alcohols (IV) and (VI), is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Pd‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Tetrasubstituted Olefins of Cyclic β‐(Arylsulfonamido)acrylates.
Authors: Yu Chang‐Bin , Gao Kai , Chen Qing‐An , Chen Mu‐Wang , Zhou Yong‐Gui 
Published: July 2012

AbstractDuanPhos is found to be an efficient ligand for the asymmetric hydrogenation of olefins (I) (15 examples).
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Addition of Allyltitanocenes to Cyclic Enones.
Authors: Takeda Takeshi , Nishimura Takuya , Yoshida Satoshi , Saiki Fumiya , Tajima Yuki , Tsubouchi Akira 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe reaction of allyltitanocene derivatives, generated in situ by desulfurizative titanation of allylic sulfides, with cycloalkenones proceeds with diastereoselectivity strongly depending on the ring size.
ChemInform Abstract: FeCl3—PTSA Co‐Catalyzed Highly Regio‐ and Stereoselective Synthesis of β‐Functionalized Enamine Derivatives.
Authors: Liu Weibing , Chen Cui , Zhang Qing 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA variety of β‐N‐substituted E‐enaminones and E‐aminoacrylates (III), (V) is prepared by FeCl3—TosOH‐catalyzed amination of β‐dicarbonyl compounds (I) and (IV), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Concise Synthesis of α‐Trisubstituted Amines from Ketones Using N‐Methoxyamines.
Authors: Kurosaki Yusuke , Shirokane Kenji , Oishi Takeshi , Sato Takaaki , Chida Noritaka 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe target products are constructed in a single step from ketones, N‐methoxyamines and allylstannane or trimethylsilyl cyanide.
ChemInform Abstract: TBD/Al2O: A Novel Catalytic System for Dynamic Intermolecular Aldol Reactions that Exhibit Complex System Behavior.
Authors: Martinez‐Castaneda Angel , Rodriguez‐Solla Humberto , Concellon Carmen , del Amo Vicente 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe process is reversible and allows formation of dynamic combinatorial libraries of interconverting aldols.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Monometallic (Pd, Ag) and Bimetallic (Pd/Ag, Pd/Ni, Pd/Cu) Nanoparticles via Reversed Micelles and Their Use in the Heck Reaction.
Authors: Heshmatpour Felora , Abazari Reza , Balalaie Saeed 
Published: July 2012

AbstractFive metal nanoparticles are prepared using the reverse micelle technique and their efficiency in the Heck reaction is investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Amination of Nitro(pentafluorosulfanyl)benzenes Through Vicarious Nucleophilic Substitution of Hydrogen.
Authors: Pastyrikova Tereza , Iakobson George , Vida Norbert , Pohl Radek , Beier Petr 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBoth regioselectively aminated nitroanilines (II) and (V) are reduced to the same diamine, which is transformed by condensation reactions to SF5‐substituted benzimidazoles, quinoxalines, and benzotriazoles.
ChemInform Abstract: A Transition‐Metal‐Free Cross‐Coupling Reaction of Allylic Bromides with Aryl‐ and Vinylboronic Acids.
Authors: Ueda Mitsuhiro , Nishimura Kota , Kashima Ryo , Ryu Ilhyong 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe reaction proceeds with good yields under mild conditions where the use of an inorganic base and a small amount of water is crucial.
ChemInform Abstract: Discovery of a Novel Palladium Catalyst for the Preparation of Enynes with a Copper‐ and Ligand‐Free Sonogashira Reaction.
Authors: Mi Xia , Huang Mengmeng , Feng Yujian , Wu Yangjie 
Published: July 2012

AbstractPAE is highly efficient for the coupling of halogenated alkenes with terminal alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Dihydroindans by Convergent Alkoxide‐Directed Metallacycle‐Mediated Bond Formation.
Authors: Greszler Stephen N. , Reichard Holly A. , Micalizio Glenn C. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractDepending on the substitution pattern, the reaction of internal alkynes with 4‐hydroxy‐1,6‐enynes can lead to the products of alkene—alkyne coupling, alkyne—alkyne coupling or [2 + 2 + 2] annulation.
ChemInform Abstract: Primary 1,2‐Diamine Catalysis (V): Efficient Asymmetric Aldol Reactions of Isatins with Cyclohexanone.
Authors: Liu Yi , Gao Pengchao , Wang Junfeng , Sun Qi , Ge Zemei , Li Runtao 
Published: July 2012

AbstractChiral 1,2‐diaminocyclohexane in combination with hexanedioic acid is highly efficient for the process.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Carboxamidation of Indoles by Palladium‐Catalyzed C—H Activation and Isocyanide Insertion.
Authors: Peng Jiangling , Liu Lanying , Hu Ziwei , Huang Jinbo , Zhu Qiang 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA novel and selective carboxamidation of indoles (I) and (VIII) with Cu(OAc)2 as the stoichiometric oxidant is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Facile Synthesis of Furo[3,2‐b]indole Derivatives via Silver(I)‐Mediated [3 + 2] Cycloaddition.
Authors: Zhang Zhiguo , Fang Shiliang , Liu Qingfeng , Zhang Guisheng 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe tandem cyclization of ortho‐(propargylamino)acetophenones or ortho‐(propargylamino)benzaldehydes affords the title products in a regiospecific manner as single diastereomers.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Regioselective Synthesis of Indenocarbazolones via Palladium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular ortho‐Arylation
Authors: Sreenivas Devanga K. , Nagarajan Rajagopal 
Published: July 2012

AbstractOptimized conditions are developed which render possible the synthesis of a new class of heterocyclic systems, structural motifs of natural substances.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel and Efficient Protocol for the Syntheses of N‐1 Substituted Thiohydantoin and a Bicyclothiohydantoin under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Kumar Vinod , Hemlata Rana , Sankolli Ravish , Kaushik M. P. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe method allows a ready preparation of the pharmaceutically relevant heterocycles in good to excellent yields and high purity.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Iron(II)‐Catalyzed Aminobromination of Allyl N‐Tosyloxycarbamates.
Authors: Kamon Takuma , Shigeoka Daisuke , Tanaka Tetsuaki , Yoshimitsu Takehiko 
Published: July 2012

AbstractTreatment of allyl N‐tosyloxycarbamates with Bu4NBr and FeBr2 results in formation of β‐brominated oxazolidinones.
ChemInform Abstract: Concise Approach to Benzisothiazol‐3‐(2H)‐one via Copper‐Catalyzed Tandem Reaction of o‐Bromobenzamide and Potassium Thiocyanate in Water.
Authors: Wang Fei , Chen Chao , Deng Geng , Xi Chanjuan 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIt allows a new access to biologically important benzisothiazol‐3‐ones.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and anti‐Leishmanial Activity of 5‐(5‐Nitrofuran‐2‐yl)‐1,3,4‐thiadiazol‐2‐amines Containing N‐[(1‐Benzyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)methyl] Moieties.
Authors: Tahghighi Azar , Razmi Sepideh , Mahdavi Mohammad , Foroumadi Parham , Ardestani Sussan K. , Emami Saeed , Kobarfard Farzad , Dastmalchi Siavoush , Shafiee Abbas , Foroumadi Alireza 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA novel series of the title triazole derivatives (v) (14 examples) is synthesized using click chemistry.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Various 4‐Carboxylic Acid Derivatives and Their Amide Analogues of Benzopyrans.
Authors: Tripathi Anil K. , Mukherjee Debaraj , Koul S. , Taneja Subhash C. 
Published: July 2012

Abstract2H‐Benzopyran‐4‐carboxylic acid derivative (III) is obtained via stepwise oxidation of the corresponding 4‐methyl analogue (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis and Physical Properties of Novel H‐Shaped 2,3,7,8‐Tetraazaanthracene‐Based Conjugated Molecules.
Authors: Liu Yinque , Zhang Fan , He Chunyang , Wu Dongqing , Zhuang Xiaodong , Xue Minzhao , Liu Yangan , Feng Xinliang 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA series of novel H‐shaped molecules (VII) consisting of a 2,3,7,8‐tetraazaanthracene core and thiophene arms is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Assessment of Antiplatelet Activity of 2‐Aminopyrimidines.
Authors: Giridhar Rajani , Tamboli Riyaj S. , Ramajayam R. , Prajapati Dhaval G. , Yadav M. R. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA variety of 2‐amino‐3,5‐diarylpyrimidines (III) (17 examples) are synthesized as potential antiplatelet agents by reaction of flavones (I) with guanidine hydrochloride in alkaline medium.
ChemInform Abstract: Core Scaffold‐Inspired Concise Synthesis of Chiral Spirooxindole‐Pyranopyrimidines with Broad‐Spectrum Anticancer Potency.
Authors: Jiang Xianxing , Sun Yulong , Yao Jia , Cao Yiming , Kai Ming , He Ning , Zhang Xiaoyuan , Wang Yiqing , Wang Rui 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe route to the title novel spiro alkaloids involves an asymmetric organocatalyzed Michael/cyclization reaction of isatylidenemalononitriles with hydroxycoumarin or 1‐naphthol to give spiro[oxindole‐3,4′‐pyran] derivatives with excellent enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Allylic Substitution of Silyl Nucleophiles Through Si—Si Bond Activation.
Authors: Ito Hajime , Horita Yuko , Sawamura Masaya 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA variety of allylic carbonates are silylated by disilane (II) to give the allylsilanes.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclopentadiene‐Based Low‐Valent Group 13 Metal Compounds: Ligands in Coordination Chemistry and Link Between Metal‐Rich Molecules and Intermetallic Materials
Authors: Gonzalez‐Gallardo Sandra , Bollermann Timo , Fischer Roland A. , Murugavel Ramaswamy 
Published: July 2012

AbstractReview: 236 refs.
Modeling of Mass Transfer at Overflowed Stable Interfaces during Zinc Extraction
Authors: Klapper Peter , Raatz Simone 
Published: July 2012

AbstractFür die Zinkextraktion mit Di(2‐ethylhexyl)phosphorsäure über eine planare Phasengrenze wird zunächst die Unzulänglichkeit der häufig verwendeten Filmtheorie dargestellt und die Notwendigkeit der Modellierung des Stoffübergangs durch einen instationären Diffusionsprozess verdeutlicht. Durch die Einführung der strömungsabhängigen Anzahl der Phasenkontakte als Funktion der Reynolds‐Zahl wird die Phasenkontaktdauer theoretisch beschrieben und die analytische Lösung der approximativen Gleichungen nach der Penetrationstheorie und der Filmpenetrationstheorie ermittelt. Anschließend werden die Modellgleichungen anhand experimenteller Daten validiert.
Theoretical Study of Energetic Complexes (III): Bis‐(5‐nitro‐2H‐tetrazolato‐N2)tetraammine Cobalt(III) Perchlorate (BNCP) and Its Transition Metal (Ni/Fe/Cu/Zn) Perchlorate Analogues
Authors: Shang Jing , Zhang Jianguo , Zhang Tonglai , Huang Huisheng , Zhang Shaowen , Shu Yuanjie 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe geometric conformation and electronic structure of bis‐(5‐nitro‐2H‐tetrazolato‐N2)tetraammine cobalt(III) perchlorate and its Ni/Fe/Cu/Zn analogues are studied under the TPSS (Tao‐Perdew‐Staroverov‐Scuseria) levels of density functional theory in order to throw light on the relationship between their energy gaps and impact sensitivity. While the perchlorate ions are coordinated with the copper cation, which is different from the other four compounds. NBO (Natural bond orbital) analyses indicated that the metal‐ligand interaction in the Co complex is covalent, while the others are ionic. The analysis of the electrostatic potential demonstrated that the O atoms from the nitro‐tetrazole ring and perchlorate were primarily negative, while the other atoms were positive. The study was also conducted to gain a better understanding of the correlation of the energy gap and impact sensitivity.
Results from AMBER, a randomized phase 2 study of bevacizumab and bortezomib versus bortezomib in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: White Darrell , Kassim Adetola , Bhaskar Birbal , Yi Jing , Wamstad Karen , Paton Virginia E. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND.Newer systemic therapies have significantly advanced the treatment of multiple myeloma, but additional agents are needed. Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor with efficacy in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma that inhibits tumor angiogenesis, a process that has been implicated in multiple myeloma pathogenesis.METHODS.In AMBER(“A Randomized, Blinded, Placebo‐Controlled, Multicenter, Phase II Study of Bevacizumab in Combination With Bortezomib in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma”), patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma were randomized to receive bortezomib (1.3 mg/m2 on days 1, 4, 8, and 11 of each 21‐day cycle) and either placebo or bevacizumab (15 mg/kg on day 1 of each cycle) for up to 8 cycles. At completion, patients in the bortezomib‐plus‐bevacizumab arm could continue bevacizumab until they developed progressive disease or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was progression‐free survival (PFS).RESULTS.The stratified hazard ratio of PFS for the bevacizumab‐containing arm (n = 49) relative to the bortezomib monotherapy arm (n = 53) was 0.743 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.43‐1.28; P = .2804); the median PFS was 6.2 months (95% CI, 4.4‐8.5 months) and 5.1 months (95% CI, 4.2‐7.2 months), respectively; the overall response rates were 51% and 43.4% (P = .4029), respectively; and the median response duration was 6.9 months (95% CI, 4.73‐11.83 months) and 6.0 months (95% CI, 4.86‐8.31 months), respectively. Frequent adverse events occurred at similar rates across treatment arms, but hypertension, fatigue, and neuralgia occurred more frequently in the bevacizumab‐containing arm.CONCLUSIONS.The addition of bevacizumab to bortezomib in unselected patients with pretreated multiple myeloma did not result in significant improvements in efficacy outcomes. The combination was well tolerated, and no new safety concerns for either agent were identified. Cancer 2013. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
New Nanocomposite Hybrid Inorganic–Organic Proton‐Conducting Membranes Based on Functionalized Silica and PTFE
Authors: Di Noto Vito , Piga Matteo , Giffin Guinevere A. , Negro Enrico , Furlan Claudio , Vezzù Keti 
Published: July 2012

AbstractTwo types of new nanocomposite proton‐exchange membranes, consisting of functionalized and pristine nanoparticles of silica and silicone rubber (SR) embedded in a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) matrix, were prepared. The membrane precursor was obtained from a mechanical rolling process, and the SiO2 nanoparticles were functionalized by soaking the membranes in a solution of 2‐(4‐chlorosulfonylphenyl)ethyl trichlorosilane (CSPhEtCS). The membranes exhibit a highly compact morphology and a lack of fibrous PTFE. At 125 °C, the membrane containing the functionalized nanoparticles has an elastic modulus (2.2 MPa) that is higher than that of pristine Nafion (1.28 MPa) and a conductivity of 3.6×10−3 S cm−1 despite a low proton‐exchange capacity (0.11 meq g−1). The good thermal and mechanical stability and conductivity at T>100 °C make these membranes a promising low‐cost material for application in proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells operating at temperatures higher than 100 °C.
Genome‐wide and molecular evolution analysis of the Poplar KT/HAK/KUP potassium transporter gene family
Authors: He Caiyun , Cui Kai , Duan Aiguo , Zeng Yanfei , Zhang Jianguo 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAs the largest K
+ transport gene family, KT/HAK/KUP family plays an important role in plant growth, development, and stress adaptation. However, there is limited information about this family in woody plant species. In this study, with genome‐wide in‐depth investigation, 31 Poplar KT/HAK/KUP transporter genes including six pairs of tandem duplicated and eight pairs of segmental duplicated paralogs have been identified, suggesting segmental and tandem duplication events contributed to the expansion of this family in Poplar. The combination of phylogenetic, exon structure and splice site, and paragon analysis revealed 11 pairs of Poplar KT/HAK/KUP duplicates. For these 11 pairs, all pairs are subject to purify selection, and asymmetric evolutionary rates have been found to occur in three pairs. This study might provide more insights into the underlying evolution mechanisms of trees acclimating to their natural habitat.