bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of traumatic dental injuries and malocclusions on quality of life of young children
Authors: Aldrigui Janaina M , Abanto Jenny , Carvalho Thiago S , Mendes Fausto M , Wanderley Marcia T , Bönecker Marcelo , Raggio Daniela P 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe presence of traumatic dental injuries and malocclusions can have a negative impact on quality of life of young children and their parents, affecting their oral health and well-being. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of traumatic dental injuries and anterior malocclusion traits on the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of children between 2 and 5 years-old.MethodsParents of 260 children answered the six domains of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) on their perception of the OHRQoL (outcome). Two calibrated dentists assessed the types of traumatic dental injuries (Kappa = 0.9) and the presence of anterior malocclusion traits (Kappa = 1.0). OHRQoL was measured using the ECOHIS. Poisson regression was used to associate the type of traumatic dental injury and the presence of anterior malocclusion traits to the outcome.ResultsThe presence of anterior malocclusion traits did not show a negative impact on the overall OHRQoL mean or in each domain. Only complicated traumatic dental injuries showed a negative impact on thesymptoms(p = 0.005),psychological(p = 0.029),self image/social interaction(p = 0.004) andfamily function(p = 0.018) domains and on the overall OHRQoL mean score (p = 0.002). The presence of complicated traumatic dental injuries showed an increased negative impact on the children's quality of life (RR = 1.89; 95% CI = 1.36, 2.63; p < 0.001).ConclusionsComplicated traumatic dental injuries have a negative impact on the OHRQoL of preschool children and their parents, but anterior malocclusion traits do not.
MicroRNA-134 as a potential plasma biomarker for the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism
Authors: Xiao Junjie , Jing Zhi-Cheng , Ellinor Patrick T , Liang Dandan , Zhang Hong , Liu Ying , Chen Xiaoli , Pan Lei , Lyon Robert , Liu Yi , Peng Lu-Ying , Liang Xingqun , Sun Yunfu , Popescu Laurentiu M , Condorelli Gianluigi , Chen Yi-Han 
Published: September 2011

Abstract

Background
Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) remains a diagnostic challenge due to a variable clinical presentation and the lack of a reliable screening tool. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression in a wide range of pathophysiologic processes. Circulating miRNAs are emerging biomarkers in heart failure, type 2 diabetes and other disease states; however, using plasma miRNAs as biomarkers for the diagnosis of APE is still unknown.

Methods
Thirty-two APE patients, 32 healthy controls, and 22 non-APE patients (reported dyspnea, chest pain, or cough) were enrolled in this study. The TaqMan miRNA microarray was used to identify dysregulated miRNAs in the plasma of APE patients. The TaqMan-based miRNA quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions were used to validate the dysregulated miRNAs. The receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the miRNA identified as the candidate biomarker.

Results
Plasma miRNA-134 (miR-134) level was significantly higher in the APE patients than in the healthy controls or non-APE patients. The ROC curve showed that plasma miR-134 was a specific diagnostic predictor of APE with an area under the curve of 0.833 (95% confidence interval, 0.737 to 0.929; P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Our findings indicated that plasma miR-134 could be an important biomarker for the diagnosis of APE. Because of this finding, large-scale investigations are urgently needed to pave the way from basic research to clinical utilization.
Pro-inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharide induce changes in cell morphology, and upregulation of ERK1/2, iNOS and sPLA2-IIA expression in astrocytes and microglia
Authors: Sheng Wenwen , Zong Yijia , Mohammad Arwa , Ajit Deepa , Cui Jiankun , Han Dongdong , Hamilton Jennifer L , Simonyi Agnes , Sun Albert Y , Gu Zezong , Hong Jau-Shyong , Weisman Gary A , Sun Grace Y 
Published: September 2011

Abstract

Background
Activation of glial cells, including astrocytes and microglia, has been implicated in the inflammatory responses underlying brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Although cultured astrocytes and microglia are capable of responding to pro-inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the induction and release of inflammatory factors, no detailed analysis has been carried out to compare the induction of iNOS and sPLA2-IIA. In this study, we investigated the effects of cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IFN-gamma) and LPS + IFN-gamma to induce temporal changes in cell morphology and induction of p-ERK1/2, iNOS and sPLA2-IIA expression in immortalized rat (HAPI) and mouse (BV-2) microglial cells, immortalized rat astrocytes (DITNC), and primary microglia and astrocytes.

Methods/Results
Cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IFN-gamma) and LPS + IFN-gamma induced a time-dependent increase in fine processes (filopodia) in microglial cells but not in astrocytes. Filopodia production was attributed to IFN-gamma and was dependent on ERK1/2 activation. Cytokines induced an early (15 min) and a delayed phase (1 ~ 4 h) increase in p-ERK1/2 expression in microglial cells, and the delayed phase increase corresponded to the increase in filopodia production. In general, microglial cells are more active in responding to cytokines and LPS than astrocytes in the induction of NO. Although IFN-gamma and LPS could individually induce NO, additive production was observed when IFN-gamma was added together with LPS. On the other hand, while TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and LPS could individually induce sPLA2-IIA mRNA and protein expression, this induction process does not require IFN-gamma. Interestingly, neither rat immortalized nor primary microglial cells were capable of responding to cytokines and LPS in the induction of sPLA2-IIA expression.

Conclusion
These results demonstrated the utility of BV-2 and HAPI cells as models for investigation on cytokine and LPS induction of iNOS, and DITNC astrocytes for induction of sPLA2-IIA. In addition, results further demonstrated that cytokine-induced sPLA2-IIA is attributed mainly to astrocytes and not microglial cells.
Total thoracoscopic lung segmentectomy of anterior basal segment of the right lower lobe (RS8) for NSCLC stage IA (case report)
Authors: Miyajima Masahiro , Watanabe Atsushi , Uehara Mayuko , Obama Takuro , Nakazawa Junji , Nakajiima Tomohiro , Ogura Keishi , Higami Tetsuya 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
A 69-year-old woman with a pulmonary nodule in anterior basal segment of the right lower lobe (RS8) was referred to our department. The diameter of the tumor was 12 mm, and it had increased over a few months. First, video-assisted thoracoscopic lung surgery (VATS) biopsy of the pulmonary nodule was carried out. Frozen section examination of this nodule confirmed the diagnosis of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC). Segmentectomy of RS8 with lower mediastinal node dissection (ND2a-1) was performed. The intersegmental plane was identified using the intersegmental veins as landmarks and the demarcation between the resected (inflated) and preserved (collapsed) lungs. Electrocautery at 70 watts was used to divide the intersegmental plane. A vessel sealing system was used to seal and cut the pulmonary arteries. Postoperative histopathological examination revealed that the tumor was T1aN0M0 BAC, and the minimal distance between the surgical margin and the tumor edge was 15 mm. The patient was discharged from hospital on postoperative day 5 without any complications.
The UKNEQAS scheme for cerebrospinal fluid haem pigments: a paradigm for service improvement
Authors: Beetham Robert , Egner William , Patel Dina 
Published: September 2011

We describe the programme of an established External Quality Assurance (EQA) provider and a Specialist Advisory Group (SAG) to develop a successful EQA scheme for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) haem pigments as an example of a professionally led, unfunded initiative with the real potential to benefit patients. Within three years, we had assured sample stability, stoichiometry, and published best practice guidelines, enabling both analytical results and interpretation to be assessed and reported with an educative summary of the desired responses. Misclassification scoring of analysis and interpretation was introduced. Following audit, guidelines were modified and republished. The outcomes were as follows: Participant numbers increased from 63 at inception to 150 10 years later; The percentage of participants using visual inspection, a poor practice indicator, decreased from 27% to less than 1%; In all, 94–100% of participants consistently detected minor increases in bilirubin over the last four years of the scheme; More than 93% of participants were able to interpret analytical results linked to straightforward clinical scenarios; Misclassification scoring demonstrated that more complex scenarios repeatedly posed problems and is the next challenge to address. Scheme success is attributed to the experience of the operator and the formation of a voluntary expert advisory group, with both concerned to advance science and patient safety and thus contribute unpaid time and effort in order to succeed. In times of fiscal constraint, such resource may not be so readily available, yet is a vital part of continuous quality improvement for the benefit of patients.
Bone marrow fat quantification of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: comparison of multi-voxel proton MR spectroscopy and chemical-shift gradient-echo MR imaging
Authors: Régis-Arnaud Anne , Guiu Boris , Walker Paul-Michael , Krausé Denis , Ricolfi Frédéric , Salem Douraied Ben 
Published: September 2011

Background Only a few studies have used in/opposed phase method for a quantitative evaluation of fat fraction in the spine. Purpose To compare multivoxel proton MR spectroscopy and chemical-shift gradient-echo MR imaging for bone marrow fat quantification in vertebral compression fractures (VCF). Material and Methods Vertebral marrow fat quantification in fifteen patients was measured at 3.0-T. Multi-voxel proton spectroscopy (MRS) and in/opposed-phase MR imaging using a fat map build with a triple-echo gradient-echo sequence was used. All the patients had benign vertebral collapse. Bone marrow fat content was evaluated by both techniques in compressed (acute or chronic) and in non-compressed vertebrae. Results The percentage of fat fraction measured by the triple-echo sequence was well correlated with those calculated by MRS ( r2 = 0.85; P < 10-4). There was a significant decrease of fat fraction in acute VCF versus both chronic VCF ( P < 10-9) and non-fractured vertebrae ( P < 10-7). There was no significant difference in fat fraction evaluated by both techniques between non-fractured vertebrae and chronic VCF. Conclusion We have validated the in/opposed phase method compared with MRS for vertebral bone marrow fat quantification. The fat mapping using a triple-echo gradient-echo sequence allows distinguishing acute and chronic benign VCF.
PET imaging in a longitudinal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma study: association with tumor volume
Authors: Rossi Maija , Korkola Pasi , Pertovaara Hannu , Järvenpää Ritva , Dastidar Prasun , Wu Xingchen , Soimakallio Seppo , Eskola Hannu , Kellokumpu-Lehtinen Pirkko-Liisa 
Published: September 2011

Background Computed tomography (CT) is generally used in the evaluation of the treatment response of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients. Instead of morphological images, positron emission tomography (PET) shows metabolic information that is connected to tumor activity, cell proliferation rate, and, thus, prognosis. Purpose To determine the prognostic value of PET for tumor volume reduction measured by CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) along with clinical characteristics in NHL patients. Material and Methods We imaged 21 B-cell type NHL patients using whole-body 18F-FDG-PET at the onset and the completion of treatment and at six-month follow-up. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) was calculated. Morphological tumor volume calculations were assessed using both MRI and CT. Additionally, patients underwent thorough clinical examination including several laboratory tests. Results A high SUVmax was able to predict significant tumor volume reduction at the beginning of treatment, but the relation to pure tumor volume was poor. Conclusion The SUVmax values derived from FDG-PET seemed to correlate with volume changes but not with their absolute values or laboratory tests. Unlike MRI and CT, FDG-PET showed the disappearance of active tumors after treatment.
Time to Deterioration in Quality of Life Score as a Modality of Longitudinal Analysis in Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Hamidou Zeinab , Dabakuyo Tienhan S. , Mercier Mariette , Fraisse Jean , Causeret Sylvain , Tixier Hervé , Padeano Marie-Martine , Loustalot Catherine , Cuisenier Jean , Sauzedde Jean-Marc , Smail Marc , Combier Jean-Philibert , Chevillote Patrick , Rosburger Christian , Arveux Patrick , Bonnetain Franck 
Published: September 2011

Abstract

Purpose.
This prospective multicenter study explored different definitions of time to deterioration (TTD) in quality of life (QoL) scores, according to different cutoffs of the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) as a modality for longitudinal QoL assessment in breast cancer patients.

Methods.
QoL was assessed using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire C30 and BR-23 before surgery, after surgery, and 6 and 12 months later. The global health score, arm symptoms score (BRAS), and breast symptoms score were analyzed. For a given baseline score, QoL was considered to have deteriorated if this score decreased by ≥5 points at any time point after baseline. Analyses were repeated using an MCID of 10 points and taking the score after surgery as the reference score (to explore the occurrence of response shift). TTD was calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression was used to identify independent factors associated with TTD.

Results.
Two hundred thirty-five patients underwent axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), 222 underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), and 61 underwent SLNB plus ALND. Patients who underwent SLNB had a significantly longer TTD for the BRAS dimension than those who underwent ALND. Cox multivariate analyses showed that treatment using SLNB and age &gt;59 years were independently associated with longer TTD for the BRAS, whereas surgery elsewhere than at the Centre Georges François Leclerc was associated with a shorter TTD.

Conclusion.
Exploration of different definitions of TTD in QoL provides meaningful longitudinal QoL results for clinicians.
Molecular Modeling and Its Application to Developing Chemicals for Wettability Alteration to Gas-wetness
Authors: Zhou Minghui , Li Kewen 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Many gas-condensate reservoirs experience a sharp drop in gas production owing to condensation near the wellbore as pressure drops lower than the dew point. It has been a challenge for a long time to reduce the dramatic decline in gas production caused by the low liquid return efficiency after fracturing or by the liquid blocking due to retrograde condensation as well bottom pressure decreases in low permeability gas-condensate reservoirs. To find a solution to this problem, researchers have reported that the wettability of rocks could be changed from strongly liquid-wetness to preferential gas- wetness in gas-liquid-rock systems and demonstrated that such wettability alteration could increase the gas production successfully in these cases. However, the core of this technology, the chemicals for wettability alteration are very expensive and may not be economically feasible to deploy in the field applications. It is essential to develop cheaper chemicals for wettability alteration to enhance gas production economically. In this study, an approach to calculating contact angle and then evaluating wettability was proposed using the data from molecular modeling. New chemicals were designed according to the contact angles in gas-water-quartz systems predicted using molecular modeling. Then these chemicals were synthesized and their properties were measured. The contact angles in the gas-water-quartz systems with and without the treatment of chemicals were calculated using molecular modeling and measured experimentally. The results from both molecular modeling and experimental measurements were compared and analyzed. According to experimental observations, the new chemicals were able to alter the wettability of quartz and sandstone core significantly.
Effect of Lithology on the Flow of Chelating Agents in Porous Media during Matrix Acid Treatments
Authors: Mahmoud M. A. , Nasr-El-Din H. A. , De Wolf C. A. , Alex A. K. 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Chelating agents such as GLDA, EDTA, and HEDTA have been used to stimulate calcite reservoirs as alternatives to HCl. HCl based stimulation fluids are very corrosive at high temperatures and should be loaded with many additives to reduce corrosion problems. In addition, the application of HCl can lead to face dissolution at low flow rates. GLDA chelating agent was used to stimulate calcium carbonate cores up to temperature of 300°F and at low rates without any face dissolution problems. The dissolution of dolomite by chelating agents has not been thoroughly investigated. Preliminary experiments with EDTA at ambient temperature revealed no significant dolomite dissolution. The dissolution mechanism is probably inhibited by the low stability of the magnesium chelate at that temperature.
In this study, we will investigate the ability of GLDA (glutamic -N,N- diacetic acid) to stimulate dolomite cores as well as calcite cores. GLDA with different pH (1.7, 3 and 13) was used for this study. Dolomite and Indiana limestone cores with dimensions of 1.5 in. diameter, 6 and 20 in. length were used. The coreflood experiments were run at different flow rates and temperatures to determine the optimum rate at which GLDA solutions can create wormholes in both dolomite and calcite cores. Complete fluid analysis for the coreflood effluent was done to study the reaction of GLDA with both dolomite and calcite cores.
GLDA was very effective in stimulating both dolomite and calcite cores at different pH levels over a wide range of temperatures (180, 250 and 300°F). There was no well defined optimum injection rate at which the amount of GLDA needed to create wormholes was minimum, instead a broad range of injection rates was found for which the amount of GLDA needed to breakthrough the core was minimum. Also, GLDA effectively chelated magnesium and calcium from dolomite cores. GLDA was stable up to temperatures of 300°F and the concentration of GLDA after the treatment was the same as that before the treatment, further confirming the thermal stability of GLDA at this temperature.
Laboratory and Field Studies of Long-term Release Rates for a Solid Scale Inhibitor
Authors: Brown J. Mike , Shen Dong , Gupta D. V. , Taylor Grahame , Self Richard W. 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Mineral scale build-up decreases permeability of the formation, reduces well productivity and shortens the lifetime of production equipment. Chemical scale inhibitors are commonly used in production wells to prevent scaling in the formation and/or in the production lines downhole and at the surface. An ideal scale inhibition treatment will last as long as possible and minimize the production interruption for treatment. In the art for introducing scale inhibitors into production wells, adding a solid scale inhibitor into the producing formation in conjunction with a hydraulic fracturing operation is often preferred to extend scale inhibition lifetime.
This study quantified release rates of a solid scale inhibitor for use in fracturing treatment. Tests were conducted under dynamic conditions with various loading rates as a percentage of sand proppant. Results show that this solid derivative of a phosphonate inhibitor has a sustained long-term release profile. Inhibitor release rate gradually increases with solid inhibitor loading. However, this effect slows when the loading exceeds 5% (wt/wt).
Based on the test results, a mathematical model was developed to describe the release rate profile and thereby predict the long-term behavior of inhibitor returns from initial solid inhibitor loading. Actual data collected from treated wells were compared to the mathematical model. The earliest wells treated with this type of product have achieved 5 years of production with continued effective residual chemical measured in the produced water. Other wells treated have achieved greater than 1 million barrels of produced water with continued effective residual chemical measured in the produced fluid. The data from this laboratory release study have verified that additional long-term protection can be achieved by increasing initial loading rates.
The Laboratory Evaluation and Optimization of Hydrogen Sulphide Scavengers Using Sulphur Specific Flame Photometric Gas Chromatography
Authors: Taylor Grahame N. , Matherly Ron 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
A laboratory method for the evaluation and screening of hydrogen sulphide scavengers is presented using a gas sampling technique coupled with sulphur specific gas chromatography analysis to detect hydrogen sulphide breakthrough. Data is presented for 1,3,5-Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)hexahydro-s-triazine and 1,3,5-Trimethyl-hexahydro-s-triazine together with the effect of carbon dioxide upon the performance of the former scavenger. This methodology was also used to compare simple aldehydes with triazine based scavengers.
An Example of Chemical Recycling in the Oil and Gas Industry - A By-product from Hydrogen Sulphide Scavenging is Identified, Isolated and Formulated into a Highly Effective Corrosion Inhibitor
Authors: Taylor Grahame N. 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
This paper describes the isolation and formulation of highly effective corrosion inhibitors from the waste product of hexahydrotriazine based hydrogen sulphide scavengers. Although it has been generally regarded that "spent scavengers are corrosion inhibitors" for some time, this paper uses this generally held belief as a starting point and greatly expands upon this observation. The active species has been identified by analytical methods, isolated from the spent fluid and formulated into highly effective corrosion inhibitors. This is believed to be a unique synergistic chemical recycling process. The application of one chemical product, in its actual operation, acts as a means to chemically synthesize a second chemical in a very highly pure state, such that it can be separated and formulated into a second chemical product, namely a corrosion inhibitor. Analytical data and structural confirmation of the active species are presented together with data to verify its corrosion inhibition properties and also the synergistic formulation of this intermediate to further improve its corrosion inhibition properties. It is believed that this work represents an example of chemical recycling rarely, if ever, seen in our industry.