bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A cross Canada survey of sperm banking practices in pediatric oncology centers
Authors: Chong Amy Lee , Gupta Abha , Punnett Angela , Nathan Paul C. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackgroundChildhood cancer survivors have identified fertility preservation as a major concern. Sperm banking is an established fertility preservation option in pubertal males. We sought to describe current practices in Canadian pediatric oncology programs, and to identify perceived barriers to sperm banking for male adolescents.ProcedureA questionnaire was developed to (1) describe current sperm banking practices and facilities; (2) report on the utilization of sperm banking; and (3) identify barriers to sperm banking and possible solutions to improve current practices. A healthcare professional with an interest in fertility preservation within each institution was approached to participate in the study.ResultsFifteen of 16 institutions participated, 2 have fertility preservation teams. Only one has written guidelines or adolescent focused educational material. Over 2 years, 50/262 (19%) adolescents in 12 institutions successfully banked a specimen. In 11 of these, additional information was available: of 85/172 (49%) adolescents offered the option to bank, 38/85 (45%) subsequently attempted. Reported barriers to sperm banking included the pressure to start therapy and restricted banking hours. Formal education of healthcare providers in fertility preservation practices, provision of financial support for families, and an adolescent focused approach were identified as important initiatives to improve sperm banking.ConclusionsThere is a disparity in current sperm banking practices in Canada and at present, <25% of eligible male adolescents attempt to bank sperm. The development of a fertility preservation team, adolescent‐specific guidelines, adolescent friendly sperm banking units, financial support, and improving knowledge translation among professionals and patients may improve the rates of banking. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:1356–1361. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mitochondrial comparative proteomics of human ovarian cancer cells and their platinum‐resistant sublines
Authors: Dai Zhiqin , Yin Jie , He Haojie , Li Wenrui , Hou Chunmei , Qian Xiaohong , Mao Ning , Pan Lingya 
Published: September 2010

AbstractResistance to platinum‐based chemotherapy is the major obstacle to successful treatment of ovarian cancer. It is evident that mitochondrial defects and the dysfunctions of oxidative phosphorylation and energy production in ovarian cancer cells were directly related to their resistance to platinum drugs. Using 2‐D DIGE, we compared mitochondrial proteins from two platinum‐sensitive human ovarian cancer cell lines (SKOV3 and A2780) with that of four platinum‐resistant sublines (SKOV3/CDDP, SKOV3/CBP, A2780/CDDP, and A2780/CBP). Among the 236 differentially expressed spots, five mitochondrial proteins (ATP‐α, PRDX3, PHB, ETF, and ALDH) that participate in the electron transport respiratory chain were identified through mass spectrometry. All of them are downregulated in one or two of the platinum‐resistant cell lines. Three proteins (ATP‐α, PRDX3, and PHB) were validated by using western blot and immunohistochemistry. There is a significant decrease of PHB in tumor tissues from ovarian cancer patients who were resistant to platinum‐based chemotherapies. This is the first direct mitochondrial proteomic comparison between platinum‐sensitive and resistant ovarian cancer cells. These studies demonstrated that 2‐D DIGE‐based proteomic analysis could be a powerful tool to investigate limited mitochondrial proteins, and the association of PHB expression with platinum resistance indicates that mitochondria defects may contribute to platinum resistance in ovarian cancer cells.
Proteomic analysis of human gastric juice: A shotgun approach
Authors: Liang Cynthia R. M. Y. , Tan Sandra , Tan Hwee Tong , Lin Qingsong , Lim Teck Kwang , Liu Yi , Yeoh Khay Guan , So Jimmy , Chung Maxey C. M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractGastric juice is the most proximal fluid surrounding the stomach tissue. The analysis of gastric juice protein contents will thus be able to accurately reflect the pathophysiology of the stomach. This biological fluid is also a potential reservoir of secreted biomarkers in higher concentration as compared to the serum. Unlike the rest of the gastrointestinal fluids, there were very few studies reported on gastric juice proteome. To date, the proteins that routinely populate this biofluid are largely unknown. This is partly due to the technical difficulties in processing a sample that contains a collection of other gastrointestinal fluids, especially saliva. In this study, we attempt to profile the protein components of the gastric fluids from chronic gastritis patients using a direct shotgun proteomics approach. These data represent the first report of the proteome of human gastric juice with gastritis background.
Towards an omnipotent “Artificial Nose”: detection and identification of alkylating agents using an optical sensor array
Authors: Borzin Elena , Shemesh Ariel , Hertzog‐Ronen Carmit , Gerchikov Yulia , Tessler Nir , Eichen Yoav 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAlkylating agents are reactive, often simple, molecules that are frequently used in diverse fields such as medicine, agriculture, and organic synthesis. For over a century, some highly reactive alkylating agents are also being used as blister chemical warfare agents. The detection and identification of such alkylating agents is not a simple task because of their high reactivity and often simple structure. Here we report on a new approach for the detection and identification of such alkylating agents using a simple luminescence based array sensor that mimics the olfactory system. In order to demonstrate the potential of the approach, seven π‐conjugated oligomers and polymers bearing nucleophilic pyridine groups, 1‐7, were adsorbed onto a solid support and exposed to vapors of alkylators 8‐15. Applying principal component analysis to the alkylation induced color shift patterns of the seven‐spot array results with a clear discrimination of the different alkylators. The comparison of the data obtained from the sensor array with known response patterns allows the clear identification of the specific alkylator. The spots are sensitive to minute concentrations of alkylators and since the detection is based on the formation of new covalent bonds these spots saturate, within seconds even at about 50 ppb. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new near‐infrared switchable electrochromic polymer and its device application
Authors: Sefer Emre , Koyuncu Fatma Baycan , Oguzhan Eda , Koyuncu Sermet 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA new near‐infrared switchable electrochromic polymer containing carbazole pendant (poly‐SNSC), synthesized by electrochemical polymerization of 2,5‐bis‐dithienyl‐1H‐pyrrole (SNS) main chain, has been prepared. The electrochemical and optical properties of SNSC monomer and its polymer have been investigated. Because of having two different electro‐donor moieties; that is, carbazole and SNS, SNSC gave two separate electrochemical oxidation and also light brown color of the film in the neutral state turn into gray on oxidation. An electrochromic device, contructed in the sandwich configuration [indium tin oxide (ITO)‐coated glass/anodically coloring polymer (poly‐SNSC)//gel electrolyte//cathodically coloring polymer (PEDOT)/ITO‐coated glass] and exhibited a high coloration efficiency (1216 cm2 C–1), a very short response time (about 0.3 s), low driving voltage, and a high redox stability. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Catalytic cyclopropanation of polybutadienes
Authors: Urbano Juan , Korthals Brigitte , Díaz‐Requejo M. Mar , Pérez Pedro J. , Mecking Stefan 
Published: September 2010

AbstractCatalytic cyclopropanation of commercial 1,2‐ or 1,4‐cis‐polybutadiene, respectively, with ethyl diazoacetate catalyzed by [TpBr3Cu(NCMe)] (TpBr3 = hydrotris(3,4,5‐tribromo‐1‐pyrazolyl)borate) at room temperature afforded high molecular weight (Mn > 105 mol−1) side‐chain or main‐chain, respectively, carboxyethyl cyclopropyl‐substituted polymers with variable and controlled degrees of functionalization. Complete functionalization of 1,4‐cis‐polybutadiene afforded poly[ethylene‐alt‐(3‐ethoxycarbonyl‐cyclopropene)]. Catalytic hydrogenation of residual double bonds of partially cyclopropanated polybutadienes provided access to the corresponding saturated polyolefins. Thermal properties are reported. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Mechanistic discussion of cationic crosslinking copolymerizations of 1,2‐epoxycyclohexane with diepoxide crosslinkers accompanied by intramolecular and intermolecular chain transfer reactions
Authors: Katahira Chisato , Morishita Nobuya , Ikeda Jun‐Ichi , Lim Pang Boey , Inoue Mitsuteru , Iwasaki Yuri , Aota Hiroyuki , Matsumoto Akira 
Published: September 2010

AbstractOur previous mechanistic discussion of the free‐radical crosslinking monoallyl/diallyl copolymerizations was extended to the cationic crosslinking monoepoxide/diepoxide copolymerizations, typically including 1,2‐epoxycyclohexane (ECH) as a monoepoxide and bis[3,4‐epoxycyclohexylmethyl] adipate (BECHMA) as a diepoxide crosslinker. In the cationic polymerization, oligomer is usually obtained because of the occurrence of characteristic chain‐forming reactions. Therefore, cationic crosslinking monoepoxide/diepoxide copolymerizations could be in the category of the network formation through free‐radical crosslinking monoallyl/diallyl copolymerizations. Thus, the gelation behavior was discussed by comparing the actual gel points with the theoretical ones; the greatly delayed gelation from theory was observed. Then, the resulting network polymer precursors (NPPs) were characterized by SEC‐MALLS‐viscometry to clarify the cationic crosslinking ECH/BECHMA copolymerization mechanism. Notably, the correlation lines of molecular weight versus elution volume were specific for the NPPs obtained at a high conversion close to the gel point as compared with those obtained by the free‐radical crosslinking monoallyl/diallyl copolymerization. This may be ascribed to the occurrence of intramolecular and intermolecular chain transfer reactions characteristic of cationic polymerization; the chain transfer reactions involve the intramolecular and intermolecular nucleophilic attack of ether oxygen or terminal hydroxyl oxygen in the NPPs to a terminal growing cation that leads to the formation of not only the loop‐ but also the crosslink‐structures containing NPPs, providing fragile ultrahigh‐molecular‐weight NPP in the SEC columns. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Synthesis and characterization of a thiadiazole/benzoimidazole‐based copolymer for solar cell applications
Authors: Chen Guan‐yu , Lan Shang‐che , Lin Po‐yu , Chu Chih‐wei , Wei Kung‐hwa 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn this study, we synthesized a new polymer, PCTDBI, containing alternating carbazole and thiadiazole‐benzoimidazole (TDBI) units. This polymer (number‐average molecular weight = 25,600 g mol−1), which features a planar imidazole structure into the polymeric main chain, possesses reasonably good thermal properties (Tg = 105 °C; Td = 396 °C) and an optical band gap of 1.75 eV that matches the maximum photon flux of sunlight. Electrochemical measurements revealed an appropriate energy band offset between the polymer's lowest unoccupied molecular orbital and that of PCBM, thereby allowing efficient electron transfer between the two species. A solar cell device incorporating PCTDBI and PCBM at a blend ratio of 1:2 (w/w) exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 1.20%; the corresponding device incorporating PCTDBI and PC71BM (1:2, w/w) exhibited a PCE of 1.84%. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Redox initiated cationic polymerization: Silane‐N‐aryl heteroaromatic onium salt redox couples
Authors: Crivello James V. , Lee Julia L. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn this article, a new route for the synthesis of N‐aryl heteroaromatic onium salts by the direct copper catalyzed arylation of pyridine, substituted pyridines, isoquinoline, and acridine with diaryliodonium salts is described. It was demonstrated that these N‐aryl heteroaromatic onium salts undergo facile platinum or rhodium‐catalyzed reduction by silanes bearing SiH groups. The reduction of N‐aryl heteroaromatic onium salts generates Brønsted acids. When this redox reaction was carried out in situ in the presence of an appropriate monomer, cationic polymerization was observed. Using this approach, the cationic polymerizations of epoxides, oxetanes, 1,3,5‐trioxane, styrene, and vinyl ethers were carried out. The use of optical pyrometry to monitor the redox initiated cationic polymerizations of some representative multifunctional monomers is described. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Contact bactericides and fungicides on the basis of amino‐functionalized poly(norbornene)s
Authors: Kreutzwiesner Elisabeth , Noormofidi Nadja , Wiesbrock Frank , Kern Wolfgang , Rametsteiner Karl , Stelzer Franz , Slugovc Christian 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis study is aimed at investigating the microbiocidal potential of amino‐functionalized poly(norbornenes) in the solid state. A series of norbornene‐type monomers that carry secondary or tertiary amine functions as well as hexyl and dodecyl groups were prepared. Ring‐opening metathesis polymerization was used to prepare homopolymers of the amine bearing monomers and random copolymers of amine‐ and alkyl‐substituted monomers of high average molar mass. The resulting polymers were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements, and their contact biocidal potential was evaluated according to the Japanese Industry standard Z2801. Tested microorganisms comprised Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus niger. Microbiocidal activity of selected polymer films against E. coli, S. aureus, and A. niger was found, whereas against C. albicans and P. aeruginosa microbiostatic behavior was observed. Moreover, the most potent copolymer revealed no cytotoxicity rendering a biocidal polymer with potential applications in mammalian‐, and in particular, human‐related fields. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Synthesis and properties of methacrylate‐based networked polymers having ionic liquid structures
Authors: Matsumoto Kozo , Sogabe Shota , Endo Takeshi 
Published: September 2010

AbstractMethacrylate‐based networked polymers having ionic liquid structures were prepared by radical copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) with multifunctional crosslinkers: ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA), or triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), in the presence of 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylethyl‐1‐imidazolium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonyl imide (EMImTFSI). The fundamental physical properties of several film samples prepared by varying the monomer composition and ionic liquid content were investigated. The obtained materials became turbid with increasing crosslinker content and ionic liquid content. Their ionic conductivity increased with increasing ionic liquid content, while it was almost independent of the crosslinker content. EGDMA‐derived materials and TMPTMA‐derived materials showed higher ionic conductivity than TEGDMA‐derived materials. TMPTMA‐derived materials showed higher thermal stability than EGDMA or TEGDMA‐derived materials. EGDMA and TMPTMA‐derived materials were stiffer than the TEGDMA‐derived materials. The elastic modulus of the film samples increased but the film became more brittle with the increase of crosslinker content. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy observation revealed that phase separation of networked polymers and ionic liquid occurred in the highly crosslinked samples, and the phase separation structures became larger in scale with the increase of crosslinking density. This phase separation was considered to have a strong effect on the mechanical properties of the film samples. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Synthesis and characterization of low‐bandgap copolymers based on dihexyl‐2h‐benzimidazole and cyclopentadithiophene
Authors: Song Suhee , Park Sung Heum , Jin Youngeup , Park Jina , Shim Joo Young , Kim Il , Lee Heesoo , Lee Kwanghee , Suh Hongsuk 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA series of new semiconducting polymers based on 4,4‐dihexyl‐4H‐cyclopenta[2,1‐b:3,4‐b′]dithiophene, 2,2‐dihexyl‐2H‐benzimidazole, and thiophene units was synthesized. The polymers show good solubility at room temperature in organic solvents owing to long alkyl chain in new acceptor, 2,2‐dihexyl‐2H‐benzimidazole. The advantage of dihexyl‐2H‐benzimidazole compared to the benzothiadiazole is to improve the solubility of the polymer. It was found that these polymers can finely be tuned for photovoltaic application by adjusting the contents ratio of the dihexyl‐2H‐benzimidazole unit. The spectra of the solid films show absorption bands with maximum peaks in the range of 421–577 nm and the absorption onsets at 588–683 nm, corresponding to band gaps of 2.11–1.82 eV. The devices with PCPDTDTHBI‐1:PC71BM showed an open‐circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.46 V, a short‐circuit current density (JSC) of 3.83 mA/cm2, and a fill factor of 0.36, giving a power conversion efficiency of 0.64%. Decrease of the dihexyl‐2H‐benzimidazole contents in the polymers induced red‐shift of the UV absorptions, and increased VOC and JSC values, to improve the efficiency of organic photovoltaics. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Lamellar cluster structure formation resulting from interchain interaction in a novel aromatic polyimide based on PMDA monomer
Authors: Pan Rui , Zhou Tao , Zhang Aiming , Zhao Wei , Gu Yi 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe aggregation structure of a novel polyimide (PIM‐6) with six methylene flexible spacing groups in biphenyl side chain synthesized by the traditional two‐step imidisation process was investigated by polarized light microscope (PLM), small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS), wide angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS), and molecular simulation approach. The agreement between the experimental data and simulation result reveals that due to the predominant interchain interaction, each three backbones stack together to form a distinct lamellar cluster with side chains packed inside dispersedly. The thickness of the lamellar cluster is about 16.0 A°, corresponding to a strong peak at 5.5° in SAXS pattern. As the backbone is not perfectly parallel to each other in each lamellar cluster, the distance between each backbone ranges from 5.8 to 8.8 A° possibly relating to the weak peak at 9.8° in WAXS pattern. Meanwhile, no birefringence or apparent phase texture has been observed by PLM indicating an amorphous nature in this film. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2010
Nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of poly(ε‐caprolactone) blocks in double crystalline triblock copolymers containing poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) and poly(ε‐caprolactone) units
Authors: Liu Qingsheng , Deng Bingyao , Tung Chia‐Hsin , Zhu Meifang , Shyr Tien‐Wei 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe poly(3‐hydroxbutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate)/poly(ε‐caprolactone) block copolymers (PHCLs) with three different weight ratios of PCL blocks (38%, named PHCL‐38; 53%, named PHCL‐53; and 60%, named PHCL‐60) were synthesized by using PHBV with two hydroxyl end groups to initiate ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone. During DSC cooling process, melt crystallization of PHCL‐53 at relatively high cooling rates (9, 12, and 15 °C min−1) and PHCL‐60 at all the selected cooling rates corresponded to PCL blocks so that PHCL‐53 and PHCL‐60 were used to study the nonisothermal crystallization behaviors of PCL blocks. The kinetics of PCL blocks in PHCL‐53 and PHCL‐60 under nonisothermal crystallization conditions were analyzed by Mo equation. Mo equation was successful in describing the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of PCL blocks in PHCLs. Crystallization activation energy were estimated using Kissinger's method. The results of kinetic parameters showed that both blocks crystallized more difficultly than corresponding homopolymers. With the increase of PCL content, the crystallization rate of PCL block increased gradually. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2010
Practical implementation of order parameter calculation for directed assembly of block copolymer thin films
Authors: Liu Chi‐Chun , Craig Gordon S. W. , Kang Huiman , Ruiz Ricardo , Nealey Paul F. , Ferrier Nicola J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA computational procedure is presented to quantify the order achieved in assembled block copolymer films when no disruptive defects are present (i.e., dislocations or disclinations). Both simulated and real systems were used to show that sub‐nm variation in the domain position, as well as the corresponding reciprocal lattice vectors, can reduce the accuracy in the quantification of the order of the system. The computational procedure in this work was based on fitting to the measured spatial location of the domain centroids, and incorporated a tolerance factor to account for domain position variation. The procedure was used to analyze the translational and orientational order parameters of block copolymer films assembled on a chemical pattern as well as their corresponding autocorrelation functions. The procedure was applied to a patterned substrate during three stages of a template forming process: an e‐beamed patterned photoresist, the domains of a block copolymer directed to assemble on this pattern, and the underlying structure after lift‐off. Use of the procedure demonstrated that the order of the block copolymer film could be retained in subsequent processing of the underlying template. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2010