bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consequences of domestication in eastern oyster: Insights from whole genomic analyses
Authors: Zhao Honggang , Guo Ximing , Wang Wenlu , Wang Zhenwei , Rawson Paul , Wilbur Ami , Hare Matthew 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSelective breeding for production traits has yielded relatively rapid successes with high‐fecundity aquaculture species. Discovering the genetic changes associated with selection is an important goal for understanding adaptation and can also facilitate better predictions about the likely fitness of selected strains if they escape aquaculture farms. Here, we hypothesize domestication as a genetic change induced by inadvertent selection in culture. Our premise is that standardized culture protocols generate parallel domestication effects across independent strains. Using eastern oyster as a model and a newly developed 600K SNP array, this study tested for parallel domestication effects in multiple independent selection lines compared with their progenitor wild populations. A single contrast was made between pooled selected strains (1–17 generations in culture) and all wild progenitor samples combined. Population structure analysis indicated rank order levels of differentiation as [wild − wild] < [wild − cultured] < [cultured − cultured]. A genome scan for parallel adaptation to the captive environment applied two methodologically distinct outlier tests to the wild versus selected strain contrast and identified a total of 1174 candidate SNPs. Contrasting wild versus selected strains revealed the early evolutionary consequences of domestication in terms of genomic differentiation, standing genetic diversity, effective population size, relatedness, runs of homozygosity profiles, and genome‐wide linkage disequilibrium patterns. Random Forest was used to identify 37 outlier SNPs that had the greatest discriminatory power between bulked wild and selected oysters. The outlier SNPs were in genes enriched for cytoskeletal functions, hinting at possible traits under inadvertent selection during larval culture or pediveliger setting at high density. This study documents rapid genomic changes stemming from hatchery‐based cultivation of eastern oysters, identifies candidate loci responding to domestication in parallel among independent aquaculture strains, and provides potentially useful genomic resources for monitoring interbreeding between farm and wild oysters.
Managerial focus and investment efficiency: Evidence from spin‐offs
Authors: Choi Yoon K. , Kim Yong H. , Lee Suin , Park Jung Chul 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe explore investment efficiency before and after a spin‐off to assess whether post‐spinoff managerial structure helps maintain investment efficiency. Our findings reveal that the investment efficiency of parent firms remains significant when there is a clear separation of management between the parent and spun‐off firms. However, a considerable decline in efficiency is observed after the spin‐off in cases where there is overlapping management. This decrease in efficiency is particularly pronounced when the parent and spun‐off firms operate in different industries and are geographically distant from each other. Furthermore, we show that inefficient alignment of incentives for the overlapped management exacerbates this decline in investment efficiency.
Thermomechanical and physicochemical evolution of meat‐analogue based fried foods
Authors: Bhuiyan Md. Hafizur Rahman , Ngadi Michael 
Published: May 2024

SummaryThis study aimed to get mechanistic insights on the evolution of major quality attributes of meat‐analogue (MA) based batter‐coated fried products. Wheat and rice flour‐based batter systems were used to coat a MA. The products were deep‐fried at 180°C for 4 min in canola oil and their post‐fry quality changes at room environment (RE, 25°C) and under IR‐heating (65 °C) were investigated. Results showed that in addition to moisture‐fat profile, batter coating substantially (P < 0.05) influenced the development of thermal, textural, colour and microstructural traits of MA. Post‐fry colour changes (ΔE value: 3.1 to 10.4) in MA‐based coated product continued under IR‐heating (65 °C). Evolution of the thermal, textural and colour attributes of MA‐based coated products were significantly (P < 0.05) influenced by the formulation of outer batter coatings. Moisture migration occurred from high moisture (ranged from 1.07 to 1.25 g g−1 dry matter) containing core to dry (moisture ranged from 0.15 to 0.59 g g−1 dry matter) crust region of MA‐based coated fried product, where the moisture migration was interlaced with batter formulations. Holding environment and duration substantially (P < 0.05) impacted the textural properties (hardness, brittleness and crispiness) of MA‐based coated fried product. Glass transition temperature (Tg) of coated fried products were ranged between −20.4 to −23.0 °C, that explains quality changes at RE and under IR‐heating. Scanning electron microscopic image analysis (surface openings: 5.7 to 27.31%; fractal dimension: 2.555 to 2.702) revealed the impact of surface microstructure and mass‐transfer modulated textural development in MA‐based coated products. FTIR spectroscopy revealed surface chemical profile in relation to colour evolution of MA‐based fried products. Principal component analysis outcome (PC1: 52.9.% and PC2: 25.8%) revealed varying extent of correlation between studied thermomechanical and physicochemical attributes.
Low‐level elevations in high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin predict obstructive coronary artery disease and revascularisation in rural patients with non‐ST‐elevation myocardial infarction referred for coronary angiography
Authors: Lan Nick S. R. , Goh Angela , Dwivedi Girish , Hillis Graham S. , Rankin James M. , Chew Derek P. , Ihdayhid Abdul Rahman 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRural patients with non‐ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are transferred to metropolitan hospitals for invasive coronary angiography (ICA). Yet, many do not have obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). In this analysis of rural Western Australian patients transferred for ICA for NSTEMI, low‐level elevations in high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin (≤5× upper reference limit) were associated with less obstructive CAD and revascularisation. Along with other factors, this may help identify rural patients not requiring transfer for ICA.
Nursing students’ self‐esteem levels and attitudes toward the nursing profession
Authors: Yeşilyurt Sude , Kendirkiran Gülcan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimThis study aimed to examine nursing students’ self‐esteem levels and attitudes toward the nursing profession.BackgroundAlthough it is important to choose a profession that will make the person happy in many aspects such as one's abilities, interests, values, attitudes, personal goals, and social expectations, it has an important place, especially in a profession such as nursing, which involves intense emotional and physical load.MethodsThe study population was 390 nursing students at a foundation university in Istanbul, while the sample included 202 students. Data were collected between January 16, 2023, and February 15, 2023, with the Demographic Data Collection Tool, Coopersmith Self‐Esteem Inventory, and the Attitude Scale for Nursing Profession. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 27.0 program. The STROBE checklist was used to report the study.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 20.79 ± 1.72 (years), among which 65.3% were in the 20–22 age range, 76.7% were female, and 29.7% were in the first grade. A positive but very weak relationship was found between the Coopersmith Self‐Esteem Inventory and the Attitude Scale for Nursing Profession scores (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe results show that professionalization and socialization processes greatly affect nursing students’ self‐esteem. Considering the extended period that students spend in academic institutions under the guidance of faculty members, this matter deserves greater attention.Implications for nursingWhile developing the curriculum and education process, factors that support the development of self‐esteem in nursing students should be taken into account and initiatives should be planned to increase positive attitudes toward the profession. Nursing students can gain different perspectives by spending more time with nurses in hospitals.
Modeling the cost‐effectiveness of school‐based supervised toothbrushing program in reducing the dental caries burden in India
Authors: Sharda Shweta , Gupta Arpit , Jyani Gaurav , Prinja Shankar , Goyal Ashima 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundSupervised toothbrushing (STB) significantly reduces the incidence and progression of dental caries. School years present a favorable age for introducing such healthy habits for a lifetime.AimTo estimate the cost‐effectiveness of implementing a STB program in India in preventing dental caries incidence.DesignAn operational framework of a national STB program was devised. A mathematical model was then developed to evaluate this program's clinical effectiveness and economic impact in the Indian scenario. This study considered a hypothetical cohort of the Indian population aged from 6 to 75 years. Two groups were compared: no intervention and STB in government schools. The health outcomes assessed were a number of tooth caries incidences averted and quality‐adjusted life years gained.ResultsThe STB program in the government schools of India would prevent at least one tooth from developing caries in an individual's lifetime. Considering the current treatment‐seeking behavior, the STB program saves INR 153 (US$ 1.95) per carious tooth incidence averted and INR 22 202 (US$ 283) per QALY gained.ConclusionIn India, the school‐based STB program is expected to be a cost‐effective strategy for reducing the dental caries burden and its associated treatment costs.
Desiring support on a winding road with challenging intersections: Social and professional support for sexual minority forced migrant men
Authors: Carlsson Tommy , Isaac Rummage , Ainembabazi Ronah , Eldebo Anna , Yasin Sumera , Gottvall Maria 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo explore experiences of social and health professional support among sexual minority forced migrant men.DesignExploratory qualitative study.MethodsIndividual semi‐structured interviews were conducted in 2023 with 15 participants recruited through convenience, purposive and snowball sampling. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and analysed with systematic text condensation in a collaborative process between researchers and experts by lived experience.ResultsThe first category was ‘desiring support along a road with challenging intersections’. Participants encountered a harsh reality and dangers in the host country. They sought social connections and communicated with others whilst in a social labyrinth within a new and reserved society. Although social support was desired and highly appreciated, the process involved a spectrum of both belonging and exclusion. The second category was ‘navigating uncharted waters when seeking affirming health services’. A range of barriers to health services were encountered in a complex health system. Participants emphasized the importance of safe and affirming spaces that accommodate the vulnerability of disclosure.ConclusionEnsuring respectful and affirming support for sexual minority forced migrants is essential. Barriers in accessing health services need to be addressed, including informing about rights and ensuring safety.Implication for the Professional and Patient CareNurses and other health professionals can consider social support as a potentially valuable resource for health promotion. However, there is a need for more research investigating its mental health effects.ImpactThe intersectional disadvantages and discrimination encountered by sexual minority forced migrants call attention to the need for further advancements in inclusion health and affirming care.Reporting MethodThis study adhered to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research.Patient or Public ContributionThree sexual minority forced migrants were members of the research team. They were involved in the data collection, analysis and reporting in close collaboration with researchers.
Social group membership and biomarkers of health
Authors: McMahon Grace , Howard Siobhán , Manunta Efisio , Griffin Siobhán , Bradshaw Daragh , Nightingale Alastair , Muldoon Orla T. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe benefits of group membership for self‐reported measures of health are well documented; however, the processes by which they can influence biological health outcomes via cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses to stress, remains under explored. In the present study, we aim to address this gap by examining if belonging to a social group affects cardiovascular (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate) and cortisol reactivity to stress. Using secondary data from the Pittsburgh Cold Study, 213 healthy adults (123 men, 90 women; Mage = 30.13, SD = 10.85) underwent a standardized laboratory stress‐testing session. During the 2.25 h session, participants completed psychometric measures including the Social Network Index (Cohen, 1997), while biological measurements were assessed noninvasively using the Critikon Dynamap Monitor. Results showed that participants who belonged to a social group demonstrated enhanced patterns of cardiovascular adaptation to stress (i.e., peak responding at initial stress exposure, then gradual decline). This suggests that those who belong to a group have greater physiological stress tolerance, thus indicating the benefits of group membership for biomarkers of health in the long term.
Conservative Interventions for Urinary Incontinence on Postpartum Women: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Chen Lixia , Han Ying , Wang Liang , Zhang Han , Zheng Yanan , Zhang Rui , Meng Ge , Zhang Yin‐Ping , Ji Daihong 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionUrinary incontinence (UI) is common in postpartum women and can lead to a reduced quality of life and withdrawal from fitness and exercise activities. Conservative management interventions such as pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), use of vaginal cones, and biofeedback have been recommended as first‐line treatment. We aimed to explore the effects of conservative interventions on UI rate, severity, and incontinence‐specific quality of life in postpartum women with UI.MethodsNine databases were searched from inception to August 2022: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, Wanfang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biological Medicine, and VIP Journal Integration Platform. Randomized controlled trials examining the effects of conservative interventions on postpartum UI were included.ResultsInitial searches produced 1839 results, of which 17 studies were eligible. All included studies had a low to moderate risk of bias. Supervised PFMT and use of a vaginal cone were more effective than individual PFMT in decreasing rates of UI (odds ratio, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.14‐0.61). Individual PFMT combined with acupuncture (mean difference, −1.91; 95% CI, −2.46 to −1.37) or electroacupuncture and supervised PFMT combined with moxibustion were more effective than individual supervised PFMT alone in improving the severity of symptoms. Furthermore, electrical stimulation and biofeedback combined with acupoint stimulation or core training were more effective than electrical stimulation and biofeedback alone. For improving the incontinence‐specific quality of life, supervised PFMT was more efficacious than individual PFMT; electrical stimulation and biofeedback plus core training were more beneficial than electrical stimulation and biofeedback alone.DiscussionSupervised PFMT and use of a vaginal cone were more beneficial in decreasing rates of UI compared with individual PFMT. Superior effects in decreasing UI severity may be achieved by combining PFMT or electrical simulation and biofeedback with other therapies. Electrical stimulation and biofeedback plus core training, as well as supervised PFMT, are most effective in improving incontinence‐specific quality of life. Further research is required to provide more evidence on the efficacy of these therapies.
A relational perspective on how and when follower attachment style impacts job performance: The moderating role of leader neuroticism
Authors: Lee Allan , Lyubovnikova Joanne , Thomas Geoff , Schwarz Gary , Cao Jie 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe integrate insights from attachment theory and relational leadership to develop a novel interpersonal explanation of why, how and when followers' attachment anxiety and avoidance impact performance. Drawing on the attachment system dynamics model, we posit that attachment avoidance will be negatively related to LMX quality, whereas attachment anxiety will be positively related to LMX ambivalence. Furthermore, we predict that followers' anxious (and avoidant) attachment styles will interact with leader neuroticism leading to a hyperactivation (deactivation) of the attachment system, manifesting in greater LMX ambivalence (and lower LMX quality). Across three studies, we found consistent evidence for a positive relationship between follower attachment anxiety and LMX ambivalence, as well as an indirect effect between attachment anxiety and job performance. Leader neuroticism was especially likely to induce LMX ambivalence and, in turn, undermine job performance in anxiously attached followers. Attachment avoidance, although unaffected by leader neuroticism, was negatively related to LMX quality across all three studies and demonstrated an indirect effect on job performance in Study 3. Overall, our findings shed light on the unique explanatory power of relational mechanisms, beyond previously examined intrapersonal mechanisms, for understanding the attachment style–performance relationship as well as the role that leader characteristics play in triggering the attachment system in anxious followers.
Who believes in a just world? A multilevel latent profile analysis of Justice Capital using the European Social Survey
Authors: Bartholomaeus Jonathan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveJustice Capital provides a theoretical framework for explaining individual differences in the belief in a just world (BJW). However, this framework has yet to receive empirical validation.MethodUsing Round 9 of the European Social Survey, a large (n = 43,209) multi‐country (N = 29) sample, I conduct multilevel latent profile analysis and multilevel multinomial logistic regression to determine the latent profiles that emerge at a population level and map the demographic and experiential covariates of these profiles.ResultsIncorporating measures of general BJW, distributive and procedural justice, and the belief in equality of opportunity, I find three latent profiles: meritocrats, moderates, and egalitarians. Compared with egalitarians, meritocrats (strong just world believers) are more likely to be male; younger; have a higher income; have attained more years of education; to be politically conservative; and have no recent experience of discrimination or crime. Meritocrats were overrepresented in countries with a higher Human Development Index.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the feasibility of Justice Capital for understanding individual variation in general BJW and related justice beliefs; discussion centers on anomalous findings and extension of this theoretical framework.
Fishmeal substitution by zooplankton or Daphnia magna biomass meals in the diet of Nile tilapia: Effects on growth, gut histological changes, bacterial abundance and stress tolerance
Authors: El‐feky Mohamed M. M. , Abo‐Taleb Hamdy A. , Alsqufi Ahmed Saud , Mansour Abdallah Tageldein , Mabrouk Mohamed M. , Abdelzaher Othman F. , Ashour Mohamed , Elokaby Mohamed A. , Sallam Ahmed E. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFishmeal substitution with sustainable feed sources is highly essential towards sustainable production. This study aimed to investigate the effects of substituting fishmeal (FM) with Daphnia magna biomass meal (DBM) or zooplankton biomass meal (ZBM) on growth performance, liver and intestinal histology, gut bacterial abundance and stress tolerance of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, fry. Nile tilapia fry (0.23 ± 0.04 g) were randomly assigned to five groups of three replicates. The control diet comprised 300 g/kg FM, and the FM was substituted with DBM or ZBM at levels of 25% and 50% (DBM‐25, DBM‐50, ZBM‐25 and ZBM‐50 respectively) in the other experimental diets. The experiment lasted 56 days in 1.5 m3 concrete tanks. The results revealed that weight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) significantly (p ≤ 0.035 and 0.025 respectively) improved with a polynomial response with a peak at 25% ZBM and a linear increase with DBM up to 50% of FM. Histometric indices of the distal intestine showed improvements (p ≤ 0.001) in villus height, villus width, crypt depth and muscle thickness of fish fed DBM or ZBM compared to the control. In the meantime, there were no histological abnormalities in the liver sections. The replacement of FM with DBM or ZBM could modulated gut bacterial abundance, including total bacterial count, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Lactobacillus sp. The fish‐fed DBM or ZBM‐containing diets had higher (p ≤ 0.05) tolerances to salinity stress than the control group. In conclusion, DBM or ZBM could replace FM up to 50% and 25%, respectively with improved fish growth performance, FCR, gut histology and tolerance to salinity stress.
Effects of essential oils on heat‐stressed poultry: A review
Authors: Yilmaz Emre , Gul Mehmet 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile certain animal species are sensitive to heat stress, poultry particularly modern breeds, are more susceptible to high ambient temperatures. This has major implications for the poultry industry, as heat stress causes large financial losses. These economic losses will probably increase as a consequence of a predicted rise in global temperatures. Heat stress adversely affects various aspects of poultry, including physiological responses, growth and production performance, meat quality, egg quality, and reproductive activities. These effects occur through specific molecular and metabolic pathways. To mitigate the impacts of heat stress, it is crucial to go beyond administrative practices and implement dietary interventions during high ambient temperature. Such interventions aim to optimize the development of stressed bird species in terms of performance, health, and profitability. Essential oils have shown promising in mitigating the negative effects of heat stress and improved antioxidant status, growth and yield performance, as well as meat and egg quality in poultry. They actively participate in certain metabolic and molecular pathways that help to counteract the effects of heat stress. The article discusses the impacts of essential oil supplementation on the relationships between antioxidant enzyme activity, these molecular, and metabolic pathways, as well as various parameters such as growth and yield performance, and product quality heat‐stressed poultry.