bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stereotactic radiosurgery in the management of skull base chordomas: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Maroufi Seyed Farzad , Fallahi Mohammad Sadegh , Sabahi Mohammadmahdi , Maroufi Seyede Parmis , Sheehan Jason P. 
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE
Chordoma is a primary bone tumor with limited literature on its management because of its rarity. Resection, while considered the first-line treatment, does not always provide adequate tumor control. In this systematic review, the authors aimed to provide comprehensive insights by managing these tumors with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).

METHODS
A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines using the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Search terms included chordoma and radiosurgery and their equivalent terms. Data on baseline characteristics, SRS details, and outcomes were extracted. The Joanna Briggs Institute checklist was used to assess risk of bias. A meta-analysis was performed on relevant variables.

RESULTS
A total of 33 eligible studies encompassing 714 patients with skull base chordomas were included. Most studies had a low risk of bias. Patients, predominantly male (57.37%) with a mean age of 46.54 years, exhibited a conventional chordoma subtype (74.77%) and primary lesions (77.91%), mainly in the clivus (98.04%). The mean lesion volume was 13.49 cm3, and 96.68% of patients had undergone prior surgical attempts. Gamma Knife radiosurgery (88.76%) was the predominant SRS method. Radiologically, 27.19% of patients experienced tumor regression, while 55.02% showed no signs of disease progression at the latest follow-up. Progression occurred after a mean of 48.02 months. Symptom improvement was noted in 27.98% of patients. Radiosurgery was associated with a relatively low overall adverse event rate (11.94%), mainly cranial nerve deficits (8.72%). Meta-regression revealed that age and primary lesion type influenced symptom improvement, while factors like extent of resection, radiotherapy, and SRS type affected adverse event rates.

CONCLUSIONS
This systematic review provides evidence on the safety and effectiveness of radiosurgery in the management of skull base chordomas. Local tumor control was achieved in the majority of patients treated with SRS. Various baseline characteristics and SRS features have been analyzed to identify modifying factors for each outcome to provide a framework for informed decision-making when managing these patients.
Evaluation of the Glasgow Coma Scale–Pupils score for predicting inpatient mortality among patients with traumatic subdural hematoma at United States trauma centers
Authors: Ran Kathleen R. , Alfonzo Horowitz Melanie , Liu Jiaqi , Vattipally Vikas N. , Dardick Joseph M. , Williams John R. , Rincon-Torroella Jordina , Xu Risheng , Mukherjee Debraj , Haut Elliott R. , Suarez Jose I. , Huang Judy , Bettegowda Chetan , Azad Tej D. , Byrne James P. 
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE
The Glasgow Coma Scale–Pupils (GCS-P) score has been suggested to better predict patient outcomes compared with GCS alone, while avoiding the need for more complex clinical models. This study aimed to compare the prognostic ability of GCS-P versus GCS in a national cohort of traumatic subdural hematoma (SDH) patients.

METHODS
Patient data were obtained from the National Trauma Data Bank (2017–2019). Inclusion criteria were traumatic SDH diagnosis with available data on presenting GCS score, pupillary reactivity, and discharge disposition. Patients with severe polytrauma or nonsurvivable head injury at presentation were excluded. Sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of GCS-P versus GCS scores for inpatient mortality prediction were evaluated across the entire cohort, as well as in subgroups based on age and traumatic brain injury (TBI) type (blunt vs penetrating). Calibration curves were plotted based on predicted probabilities and actual outcomes.

RESULTS
A total of 196,747 traumatic SDH patients met the study inclusion criteria. Sensitivity (0.707 vs 0.702), specificity (0.821 vs 0.823), and AUC (0.825 vs 0.814, p < 0.001) of GCS-P versus GCS scores for prediction of inpatient mortality were similar. Calibration curve analysis revealed that GCS scores slightly underestimated inpatient mortality risk, whereas GCS-P scores did not. In patients > 65 years of age with blunt TBI (51.9%, n = 102,148), both GCS-P and GCS scores underestimated inpatient mortality risk. In patients with penetrating TBI (2.4%, n = 4,710), the AUC of the GCS-P score was significantly higher (0.902 vs 0.851, p < 0.001). In this subgroup, both GCS-P and GCS scores underestimated inpatient mortality risk among patients with lower rates of observed mortality and overestimated risk among patients with higher rates of observed mortality. This effect was more pronounced in the GCS-P calibration curve.

CONCLUSIONS
The GCS-P score provides better short-term prognostication compared with the GCS score alone among traumatic SDH patients with penetrating TBI. The GCS-P score overestimates inpatient mortality risk among penetrating TBI patients with higher rates of observed mortality. For penetrating TBI patients, which comprised 2.4% of our SDH cohort, a low GCS-P score should not justify clinical nihilism or forgoing aggressive treatment.
Analysis of neurosurgery resident research activity in the United States
Authors: Vought Rita , Vought Victoria , Sames Antonia , Shah Shrey , Bosland Amanda , Petrozzino Marco , Herzog Ava , Liu James K. 
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE
Evaluation of the demographic and academic characteristics of current neurosurgery residents may provide prospective students with insight into factors that affect research output. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the research output among neurosurgery residents.

METHODS
US neurosurgery residency programs were abstracted from the American Association of Neurological Surgeons website. Demographic data on 1690 current residents across 119 programs were collected using publicly available institutional websites, Doximity, and LinkedIn. The h-index of each resident was recorded using Scopus and exported into the NIH iCite tool to determine the weighted relative citation ratio (w-RCR) and mean relative citation ratio (m-RCR). The total number of publications, h-index, and w-RCR were used as a proxy for research output, while m-RCR was used to measure research impact. One-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis H-tests were used to assess the statistical significance of relationships between demographic data and measures of research activity.

RESULTS
A total of 1690 residents (25.4% female), representing 119 programs, were evaluated. Neurosurgery residents had an average of 17 publications, h-index of 5.5, m-RCR of 1.4, and w-RCR of 16.9, with an upward trend of research activity by postgraduate year (PGY) class. Male residents on average had a greater total number of publications (p < 0.001), higher h-index (p < 0.001), and higher w-RCR (p = 0.002) compared with their female peers. Significant differences in research activity were also observed by degree (Doctor of Medicine [MD], Doctor of Osteopathy [DO], or other), where those with MD and other degrees had higher metrics than those with DO degrees. International medical graduates (IMGs) also had higher research output than American medical graduates (AMGs) (p < 0.001). Differences in all measures of research activity except impact were also observed in research activity when pre-residency medical school ranks were compared.

CONCLUSIONS
The authors observed overall high research activity among neurosurgery residents. Factors such as gender, degree, PGY, IMG/AMG status, and medical school rank may therefore be related to the success of matching within neurological surgery. Although large disparities in gender representation have been identified in neurosurgery, newer classes are trending toward shrinking the gap. These data may be used by prospective residents to gauge changes and progress occurring in the neurosurgery match.
C1–2 hypermobility and its impact on the spinal cord: a finite element analysis
Authors: Patel Arpan A. , Greenberg Jacob K. , Steinmetz Michael P. , Vorster Sarel , Nevzati Edin , Spiessberger Alexander 
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE
The authors present a finite element analysis (FEA) evaluating the mechanical impact of C1–2 hypermobility on the spinal cord.

METHODS
The Code_Aster program was used to perform an FEA to determine the mechanical impact of C1–2 hypermobility on the spinal cord. Normative values of Young’s modulus were applied to the various components of the model, including bone, ligaments, and gray and white matter. Two models were created: 25° and 50° of C1-on-C2 rotation, and 2.5 and 5 mm of C1-on-C2 lateral translation. Maximum von Mises stress (VMS) throughout the cervicomedullary junction was calculated and analyzed.

RESULTS
The FEA model of 2.5 mm lateral translation of C1 on C2 revealed maximum VMS for gray and white matter of 0.041 and 0.097 MPa, respectively. In the 5-mm translation model, the maximum VMS for gray and white matter was 0.069 and 0.162 MPa. The FEA model of 25° of C1-on-C2 rotation revealed maximum VMS for gray and white matter of 0.052 and 0.123 MPa. In the 50° rotation model, the maximum VMS for gray and white matter was 0.113 and 0.264 MPa.

CONCLUSIONS
This FEA revealed significant spinal cord stress during pathological rotation (50°) and lateral translation (5 mm) consistent with values found during severe spinal cord compression and in patients with myelopathy. While this finite element model requires oversimplification of the atlantoaxial joint, the study provides biomechanical evidence that hypermobility within the C1–2 joint leads to pathological spinal cord stress.
Importance of the cervical paraspinal muscles in postoperative patient-reported outcomes and maintenance of sagittal alignment after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion
Authors: Caffard Thomas , Arzani Artine , Verna Bruno , Tripathi Vidushi , Chiapparelli Erika , Schönnagel Lukas , Zhu Jiaqi , Medina Samuel J. , Tani Soji , Camino-Willhuber Gaston , Guven Ali E. , Amoroso Krizia , Tan Ek Tsoon , Carrino John A. , Shue Jennifer , Dobrindt Oliver , Zippelius Timo , Dalton David , Sama Andrew A. , Girardi Federico P. , Cammisa Frank P. , Hughes Alexander P. 
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of preoperatively assessed paraspinal muscle parameters on postoperative patient-reported outcomes and maintenance of cervical sagittal alignment after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF).

METHODS
Patients with preoperative and postoperative standing cervical spine lateral radiographs and preoperative cervical MRI who underwent an ACDF between 2015 and 2018 were reviewed. Muscles from C3 to C7 were segmented into 4 functional groups: anterior, posteromedial, posterolateral, and sternocleidomastoid. The functional cross-sectional area and also the percent fat infiltration (FI) were calculated for all groups. Radiographic alignment parameters collected preoperatively and postoperatively included C2–7 lordosis and C2–7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA). Neck Disability Index (NDI) scores were recorded preoperatively and at 2 and 4–6 months postoperatively. To investigate the relationship between muscle parameters and postoperative changes in sagittal alignment, multivariable linear mixed models were used. Multivariable linear regression models were used to analyze the correlations between the changes in NDI scores and the muscles’ FI.

RESULTS
A total of 168 patients with NDI and 157 patients with sagittal alignment measurements with a median follow-up of 364 days were reviewed. The mixed models showed that a greater functional cross-sectional area of the posterolateral muscle group at each subaxial level and less FI at C4–6 were significantly associated with less progression of C2–7 SVA over time. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between greater FI of the posteromedial muscle group measured at the C7 level and less NDI improvement at 4–6 months after ACDF.

CONCLUSIONS
The findings highlight the importance of preoperative assessment of the cervical paraspinal muscle morphology as a predictor for patient-reported outcomes and maintenance of C2–7 SVA after ACDF.
The burden of skull base chordomas: insights from a meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Fiore Giorgio , Porto Edoardo , Bertani Giulio A. , Marcus Hani J. , Saladino Andrea , Pradilla Gustavo , DiMeco Francesco , Locatelli Marco 
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to provide a quantitative synthesis of the survival outcomes for patients with skull base chordomas, focusing on the role of 1) the extent of resection (gross-total [GTR] vs non-GTR), 2) the type of surgery (primary vs revision), 3) tumor histology, and 4) the different use of adjuvant therapies (proton beam radiotherapy [PBRT], photon radiotherapy [RT], or none).

METHODS
A systematic review with a meta-analysis was conducted following the 2020 PRISMA guidelines. Observational studies describing adult and pediatric patient cohorts harboring skull base chordomas were included. The primary outcome measures were represented by the 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates. The main intervention effects were represented by the extent of resection (GTR vs non-GTR), type of surgical excision (primary vs revision surgeries), tumor histology, and the different use of adjuvant therapies (PBRT, RT, or none). The pooled estimates were calculated using random forest models. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for case series.

RESULTS
Six hundred forty-four studies were identified through a database and register search. After study selection, 51 studies and 3871 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The overall 5-year OS rate was 73%, which increased to 84% among patients undergoing GTR. The overall 5-year PFS rate was 52%, increasing to 74% for patients receiving GTR. The 5-year OS and PFS rates for patients undergoing PBRT were 86% and 71%, compared with 71% and 54% for patients receiving RT, and 55% and 25% when no adjuvant treatments were used. Patients undergoing their first surgery had 2.13-fold greater chances of being disease-free and 1.4-fold greater chances of being alive at 5 years follow-up compared with patients who received a revision surgery. Patients harboring chondroid chordomas had 1.13- and 1.9-fold greater chances of being alive at 5 years compared with patients with conventional and de-differentiated chordomas, respectively. The overall risk of bias was low in the included studies.

CONCLUSIONS
The results of this comprehensive meta-analysis highlight the tremendous impact of GTR and adjuvant PBRT on improving OS and PFS of patients harboring skull base chordomas, with better survival rates demonstrated for patients with chondroid tumors. Even in experienced hands, the rate of surgical morbidity remains high. Proper management in high-volume centers is mandatory to reach the expected resection goal at the first surgical attempt and to reduce surgical morbidity. The introduction of the endoscopic endonasal approach was related to improved surgical and functional outcomes.
PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN KESEHATAN GIGI DAN MULUT, DENGAN KEGIATAN PROMOTIF DAN PREVENTIF DI SDN PEKAUMAN 2 MARTAPURA
Authors: Ulfah Rasuna , Habibah Siti Sab’atul , Kisworo Utami Naning , Amperawati Metty , Bunga Nurwati  , Isnawati  , Sri Nuryati  , Danan  , Anderi Fansurna  , Meggy Wulandari Kai  
Published: May 2024

Karies gigi adalah penyakit yang dialami hampir 90% anak-anak. Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar tahun 2018 menunjukkan peningkatan sekitar 40% angka tingkat masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut di Kalimantan Selatan dibanding Riskesdas tahun 2013 lalu. Dimana angka tingkat masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut di Kalimantan Selatan pada tahun 2013 yaitu 36,1% meningkat menjadi 59,60% di Tahun 2018. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut dan keterampilan menyikat gigi, meningkatkan kebersihan gigi dan mulut, menurunkan angka karies gigi. Sasaran pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah siswa SDN Pekauman 2 Martapura. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini terdiri dari beberapa tahapan yaitu: tahap Persiapan, tahap pelaksanaan dan tahap evaluasi. Pada tahap pelaksanaan kegiatan dilaksanakan penyuluhan kesehatan gigi, pendampingan sikat gigi masal. Didapatkan hasil peningkatan pengetahuan tentang kesehatan gigi dari kriteria sedang menjadi tinggi
Kadar Air dan Organoleptik Ikan Tongkol Komo Asap (Euthynnus affinis) yang Disimpan Menggunakan Kemasan Vakum dan Non Vakum pada Suhu Ruang
Authors: Maryati Maryati , Rahmawati Anita , Rumatoras Moh.Fathur Khairat 
Published: May 2024

Produk ikan asap menjadi salah satu olahan hasil perikanan yang memiliki masa simpan cukup panjang. Produk ikan asap yang dijumpai di pasar tradisional Kabupaten Fakfak, umumnya diperjualbelikan tanpa menggunakan kemasan yang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan kadar air mengamati kemunduran mutu ikan tongkol komo asap yang dikemas vakum dan non vakum pada suhu ruang. Prosedur penelitian adalah pengamatan organoleptik kemunduran mutu ikan tongkol komo asap mulai 1 hari sampai dengan 10 hari pada suhu ruang (27oC) dan pengujian kadar air dilakukan pada hari ke-1, ke-3, ke-4, ke-9, dan ke-10. Pengamatan umur simpan dilakukan pengamatan sensori yaitu warna, aroma, dan tekstur. Interval waktu pengamatan sensori dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali. Penentuan kadar air dianalisis sebanyak tiga kali berupa rerata±SD. Ikan tongkol komo asap yang dikemas dengan vakum pada suhu ruang dapat bertahan 9 hari dengan kadar air sebesar 58,56±0,11%, sedangkan kemasan non vakum pada suhu ruang dapat bertahan selama 3 hari dengan kadar air sebesar 57,55 ±0,33%.
Pemanfaatan Cengkeh dan Daun Salam pada berbagai Produk Kosmetik
Authors: Kurniasari Fitri , Hayu W Jena , Puspitasari Ismi , Dwi A Santi 
Published: May 2024

Cloves are one of the richest sources of phenolic compounds such as eugenol, eugenol acetate and gallic acid and have great potential for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food and agricultural applications. The aim of this community service activity is to provide knowledge regarding the benefits of cloves, which are applied in the form of cosmetic preparations, as well as providing training to partners so that their use is optimal and practical, and it is hoped that this can become a business opportunity.
The solution proposed in this service activity is (1) providing knowledge about clove plants, (2) procuring materials in the form of medicinal plants for making preparations. (3) procurement of containers for the packaging process (4) conducting Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) training to partners so that partners can make them independently.
In service activities, the method used is an approach to the collaboration partner "SMK Mandala Bhakti Surakarta" providing counseling about clove plants and training as a transfer of science and technology (IPTEK) to make cosmetic preparations as well as evaluating the results of activities by giving partners the opportunity to practice making preparation.
Physiotherapy Management of Low Back Pain in Indonesian Para Badminton Athlete: a Case Study
Authors: Guna Putra Rezky , Saputra Perdana Suryo , Nur Azizah Amalia 
Published: May 2024

This study aims to determine the role of physiotherapy in the management of low back pain case in Indonesian para badminton athlete. The research method used in this research is a descriptive case study. The sample in this study is Mrs. R, aged 30, who is a professional para badminton athlete. The main complaints were pain and limited range of motion. Assessments were carried out using VDS for pain, Schobers test for ROM and ODI for functional activity ability. The physiotherapy interventions used were US, TENS, and William Flexion Exercise. The research procedure was that the researchers conducted examinations and measurements including physical examinations, specific examinations, and examination of functional activity ability. The researchers provided US, TENS, and William Flexion Exercise interventions, and then the researchers evaluated and processed data. After 6 therapy sessions at the NPC Indonesia clinic, pain assessment showed a decrease in silent pain from T1 score 1 to 0 in T6, in compression pain from T1 score 3 to T6 score 1, and in motion pain from T1 score 5 to T6 score 2. Evaluation of range of motion showed an increase in range of motion in trunk flexion from therapy 1 value of 5 cm to therapy 6 value 8 cm. In trunk extension movements from therapy 1 value of 7 cm to therapy 6 value 9 cm. Evaluation of functional activity showed an increase in functional activity from T1 with a total of 25 indicating severe disability to T6 with a total of 9 indicating mild disability.
Development of Physiotherapy Standard Operating Procedures Case of Ankle Sprain in Basketball Players
Authors: Rahmi Aulia , Totok Budi Santoso  
Published: May 2024

Physiotherapy is a form of health service aimed at individuals and groups as maintaining and restoring body movement functions throughout life. Ankle Sprain is a stretching or tearing that occurs due to (overstretch) trauma to the lateral ligament complex, due to inversion and plantar flexion movements that occur excessively when the foot is unable to provide perfect support on the floor/ground. A common injury to the ankle is Ankle Sprain, a sports injury that often occurs in volleyball and basketball players. To develop Standard Operating Procedures in performing physiotherapy treatment in chronic Ankle Sprain cases. This study was conducted using the research method of developing physiotherapy operational standards with this ankle sprain injury handling model starting with preliminary studies, history taking, assessment, diagnosis, intervention, and evaluation. The type of research conducted is Quantitative research using quasi experimental methods with pretest-posttest control group design. Experimental and control groups conducted an initial test. Both groups received different treatments, where the experimental group received thrust manipulation intervention and the control group received non thrust intervention in the form of myofascial release. There was a significant reduction in pain after manipulation therapy with the thrust and nonthrust methods on two groups were measured using the Numeric Rating Scale and after being evaluated for two weeks the pain did not increase. The provision of thrust and nonthrust manipulation therapy measures is highly recommended for the treatment of ankle pain. However, between the two methods there has not been. However, there is no significant difference between the two methods given the limited time of the study.