bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of a multi‐institutional diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma autopsy protocol and characterization of a primary cell culture
Authors: Caretti V. , Jansen M. H. A. , van Vuurden D. G. , Lagerweij T. , Bugiani M. , Horsman I. , Wessels H. , van der Valk P. , Cloos J. , Noske D. P. , Vandertop W. P. , Wesseling P. , Wurdinger T. , Hulleman E. , Kaspers G. J. L. 
Published: July 2012

V. Caretti, M. H. A. Jansen, D. G. van Vuurden, T. Lagerweij, M. Bugiani, I. Horsman, H. Wessels, P. van der Valk, J. Cloos, D. P. Noske, W. P. Vandertop, P. Wesseling, T. Wurdinger, E. Hulleman and G. J. L. Kaspers (2013) Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology39, 426–436Implementation of a multi‐institutional diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma autopsy protocol and characterization of a primary cell cultureAims: Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a fatal paediatric malignancy. Tumour resection is not possible without serious morbidity and biopsies are rarely performed. The resulting lack of primary DIPG material has made preclinical research practically impossible and has hindered the development of new therapies for this disease. The aim of the current study was to address the lack of primary DIPG material and preclinical models by developing a multi‐institutional autopsy protocol. Methods: An autopsy protocol was implemented in the Netherlands to obtain tumour material within a brief post mortem interval. A team of neuropathologists and researchers was available at any time to perform the autopsy and process the material harvested. Whole brain autopsy was performed and primary DIPG material and healthy tissue were collected from all affected brain areas. Finally, the study included systematic evaluation by parents. Results: Five autopsies were performed. The mean time interval between death and time of autopsy was 3 h (range 2–4). All tumours were graded as glioblastoma. None of the parents regretted their choice to participate, and they all derived comfort in donating tissue of their child in the hope to help future DIPG patients. In addition, we developed and characterized one of the first DIPG cell cultures from post mortem material. Conclusion: Here we show that obtaining post mortem DIPG tumour tissue for research purposes is feasible with short delay, and that the autopsy procedure is satisfying for participating parents and can be suitable for the development of preclinical DIPG models.
Two distinct types of dying back axonal degeneration in vitro
Authors: Öztürk G. , Cengiz N. , Erdoğan E. , Him A. , Oğuz E. K. , Yenidünya E. , Ayşit N. 
Published: July 2012

G. Öztürk, N. Cengiz, E. Erdoğan, A. Him, E. K. Oğuz, E. Yenidünya and N. Ayşit (2013) Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology39, 362–376Two distinct types of dying back axonal degeneration in vitroAims: In many neurodegenerative diseases and following traumas, dying back degeneration is a common phenomenon that aggravates the pathology and may eventually lead to death of the affected neurone. We aimed to investigate the mechanism of dying back degeneration with an in vitro axonal injury model. Methods: We cultured adult mouse dorsal root ganglion neurones and with a precise laser beam, cut the axons they extended. Preparations were imaged continuously and images were analysed to describe and quantify ensuing events. Potential contributions of calpains and caspases to the degeneration were explored using specific inhibitors and immunohistochemistry. In vivo implications of the results were sought in nerve sections after sciatic nerve cut. Results: The proximal part of the transected axons went under basically two types of dying back degeneration, fragmentation and retraction. In fragmentation the cytoplasm became condensed and with concomitant axial collapse the axon disintegrated into small pieces. In retraction, the severed axon was pulled back to the soma in an organized manner. We demonstrated that fragmentation was associated with a high risk of cell death, while survival rate with retraction was as high as those of uninjured neurones. Regeneration of transected axon was more likely after retraction than following fragmentation. Activities of caspase‐3 and calpains but not of caspase‐6 were found linked with retraction and regeneration but not with the fragmentation. Conclusions: This study describes two quite distinct types of dying back degeneration that lead an injured neurone to quite different fates.
Controls on large‐scale patterns of fluvial sandbody distribution in alluvial to coastal plain strata: Upper Cretaceous Blackhawk Formation, Wasatch Plateau, Central Utah, USA
Authors: HAMPSON GARY J. , ROYHAN GANI M. , SAHOO HIRANYA , RITTERSBACHER ANDREAS , IRFAN NAWAZISH , RANSON ANDREW , JEWELL THOMAS O. , GANI NAHID D. S. , HOWELL JOHN A. , BUCKLEY SIMON J. , BRACKEN BRYAN 
Published: July 2012

AbstractCurrent models of alluvial to coastal plain stratigraphy are concept‐driven and focus on relative sea‐level as an allogenic control. These models are tested herein using data from a large (ca 100 km long and 300 m thick), continuous outcrop belt (Upper Cretaceous Blackhawk Formation, central Utah, USA). Many channelized fluvial sandbodies in the Blackhawk Formation have a multilateral and multistorey internal character, and they generally increase in size and abundance (from ca 10% to ca 30% of the strata) from base to top of the formation. These regional, low‐resolution trends exhibit much local variation, but are interpreted to reflect progressively decreasing tectonic subsidence in the upper Blackhawk Formation and overlying Castlegate Sandstone. The trend may also incorporate progressively more frequent channel avulsion during deposition of the lower Blackhawk Formation. Laterally extensive coal zones formed on the coastal plain during shallow‐marine transgressions, and define the high‐resolution stratigraphic framework of the lower Blackhawk Formation. Large (up to 25 m thick and 1 to 6 km wide), multistorey, multilateral, fluvial channel‐complex sandbodies that overlie composite erosion surfaces occur at distinct stratigraphic levels, and are interpreted as fluvial incised valley fills. Low amplitude (<30 m) relative sea‐level variations are interpreted as the dominant control on stratigraphic architecture in the lower Blackhawk Formation, which was deposited up to 50 km inland from the coeval shoreline. In contrast, the high‐resolution stratigraphy of the upper Blackhawk Formation is poorly defined, and channelized fluvial sandbodies are poorly organized. Vertical and laterally offset stacking of a small proportion (<10%) of sandbodies produced ‘clusters’ that are not confined by ‘master’ erosion surfaces. Avulsion is interpreted to dominate the stratigraphic architecture of the upper Blackhawk Formation. This data‐driven analysis indicates that alluvial to coastal plain stratigraphic architecture reflects a combination of various allogenic controls and autogenic behaviours. The relative sea‐level control emphasized in sequence stratigraphic models is only rarely dominant.
Mg‐metasomatism of metagranitoids from the Alps: genesis and possible tectonic scenarios
Authors: Ferrando Simona 
Published: July 2012

Terra Nova, 24, 423–436, 2012AbstractMg‐metasomatic rocks (e.g. whiteschists, leucophyllites) derived from post‐Variscan granitoids are common in the Alps. Previously reported field, petrological, geochemical and fluid inclusion data are combined to trace the genetic processes and the associated tectonic scenarios. Many common features can be recognised in all of the continental Mg‐metasomatic rocks, indicating that the genetic process is likely common in the entire range of the Alps. This process assumes highly channelised fluids – derived from ultramafic rocks previously interacting with seawater – that infiltrated the continental crust along strain zones and produced chromatographic fractionation of major and trace elements. Three tectonic scenarios, involving distinct mantle sources, are proposed: rift‐related ocean‐continent transition, continental subduction and continent–continent collision. All these data suggest that the Mg‐metasomatism was diachronous and occurred at different structural levels during the Alpine history.
Epidemiologic study of dermatologic disorders among children in South Sinai, Egypt
Authors: Yamamah Gamal A. , Emam Hanaa M. , Abdelhamid Mahmoud F. , Elsaie Mohamed L. , Shehata Hany , Farid Tarek , Kamel Mohammed Ismail , Taalat Ahmed A. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackground  Few epidemiologic surveys have been carried out to determine the prevalence of skin diseases in the population of Egypt, particularly in the Sinai Peninsula. Thus, the necessity of such research in South Sinai is pressing. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of various skin diseases among children in South Sinai.Methods  A community‐based protocol was followed. The study included 2194 children of both genders, 18 years of age and younger, and in six different localities within South Sinai. Data were collected by taking a full history and by systemic and dermatologic clinical examination that included the site, severity, distribution, and extent of skin lesions if present. Subjects were surveyed at general morbidity consultations and campaign field visits. The study was conducted from August 2008 to August 2009. Data were tabulated and analyzed statistically using Pearson’s chi‐squared test. Differences were considered significant at a P‐value of < 0.05.Results  Findings revealed that 71.4% of the studied population had one or more skin diseases. The highest rate of prevalence applied to parasitic skin infestations (pediculosis capitis, 37.6%). Eczema or dermatitis were found in 25.8% of participants. Pityriasis alba occurred at a rate of 18.3% and seborrheic dermatitis at a rate of 6.7%. Xerosis was found in 11.8% of subjects, viral warts in 4.1%, photosensitivity in 4.1%, acne vulgaris in 2.6%, and fungal skin infections in 1.0%. Other skin diseases diagnosed in low numbers in the study children included impetigo, freckles, and scabies. Prevalences of vitiligo and psoriasis were very low (0.18% and 0.05%, respectively).Conclusions  Infective parasitic diseases are a major health problem, particularly among younger children and in subjects of low socioeconomic status.
Post‐transplant critical care outcomes for pediatric multivisceral and intestinal transplant patients
Authors: Rowan Courtney M. , Vianna Rodrigo M. , Speicher Richard H. , Mangus Richard S. , Tector A. Joseph , Nitu Mara E. 
Published: July 2012

Rowan CM, Vianna RM, Speicher RH, Mangus RS, Tector AJ, Nitu ME. Post‐transplant critical care outcomes for pediatric multivisceral and intestinal transplant patients.Abstract:  This study reviews the post‐operative management of pediatric intestinal transplant patients at a single center with reporting of standard PICU benchmarks for quality of care. It is a retrospective, descriptive, chart review describing our institution’s experience between 2006 and 2010. Twenty patients were included. Median age at transplant was 1.6 yr. Median length of PICU stay was 12 days. Median ventilation time was two days. Median time for continuous sedation infusion was two days, with median continuous pain medication infusion of three days. All patients were placed on parental nutrition and started on enteral feedings between days 3 and 4. Forty percent of patients required hemodynamic support. Only 35% of patients required insulin therapy. Diuretics were frequently used in this patient population. There were no episodes of early rejection. The survival rate to PICU discharge was 95%. Our institution’s experience over the past four yr has been very successful with a short duration of mechanical ventilation, limited use of pain and sedation drips, early initiation of enteral feedings, minimal hemodynamic support, and a low mortality rate to PICU discharge despite a preponderance of complex MVTx recipients.
Ω3 fatty acids may reduce hyperlipidemia in pediatric renal transplant recipients
Authors: Filler Guido , Weiglein Geneva , Gharib Mireille Tina , Casier Shelley 
Published: July 2012

Filler G, Weiglein G, Gharib MT, Casier S. Ω3 fatty acids may reduce hyperlipidemia in pediatric renal transplant recipients.Abstract:  Life expectancy after pediatric renal transplantation remains lower than that of the normal population largely due to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Hyperlipidemia is a potentially modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity. Retrospective chart review of all available pediatric renal transplant patients (26) in a single center with assessment of anthropometry, renal function, steroid, calcineurin or mTOR inhibitor exposure and Ω3 FA supplementation. Eighteen transplant recipients without Ω3 FA supplementation served as control. Nutrition and supplement surveys were conducted with standardized questionnaires. Fasting cholesterol values were compared using the latest value prior to start of Ω3 FA and at last follow‐up. Eight patients (five receiving mTOR inhibitor) started Ω3 FA supplementation at a mean dose of 29.2 ± 12 mg of EPA/kg and 16.1 ± 7.4 mg DHA/kg body weight. Median duration of treatment was 2.5 yr (range 0.8–5.9 yr) and their total fasting cholesterol at last follow‐up dropped significantly from 5.08 ± 0.97 (control group 3.77 ± 0.81, p = 0.0084) to 4.17 ± 0.54 mm (p = 0.0158). High‐density lipoprotein cholesterol increased not significantly from 1.74 ± 0.49 to 2.02 ± 0.93 mm. No patient had increased bleeding. Supplementation of omega‐3 FAs may reduce hyperlipidaemia after pediatric renal transplantation.
Relational memory in psychotic bipolar disorder
Authors: Sheffield Julia M , Williams Lisa E , Cohen Neal , Heckers Stephan 
Published: July 2012

Sheffield JM, Williams LE, Cohen N, Heckers S. Relational memory in psychotic bipolar disorder.  Bipolar Disord 2012: 14: 537–546. © 2012 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Objectives:  Recent research has highlighted the phenotypic and genetic overlap of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Cognitive deficits in bipolar disorder parallel those seen in schizophrenia, particularly for bipolar disorder patients with a history of psychotic features. Here we explored whether relational memory deficits, which are prominent in schizophrenia, are also present in patients with psychotic bipolar disorder.Methods:  We tested 25 patients with psychotic bipolar disorder on a relational memory paradigm previously employed to quantify deficits in schizophrenia. During the training, participants learned to associate a set of faces and background scenes. During the testing, participants viewed a single background overlaid by three trained faces and were asked to recall the matching face, which was either present (Match trials) or absent (Non‐Match trials). Explicit recognition and eye‐movement data were collected and compared to those for 28 schizophrenia patients and 27 healthy subjects from a previously published dataset.Results:  Contrary to our prediction, we found psychotic bipolar disorder patients were less impaired in relational memory than schizophrenia subjects. Bipolar disorder subjects showed eye‐movement behavior similar to healthy controls, whereas schizophrenia subjects were impaired relative to both groups. However, bipolar disorder patients with current delusions and/or hallucinations were more impaired than bipolar disorder patients not currently experiencing these symptoms.Conclusions:  We found that patients with psychotic bipolar disorder had better relational memory performance than schizophrenia patients, indicating that a history of psychotic symptoms does not lead to a significant relational memory deficit.
Design and implementation of a closed‐loop control system for infusion of propofol guided by bispectral index (BIS)
Authors: REBOSO J. A. , MÉNDEZ J. A. , REBOSO H. J. , LEÓN A. M. 
Published: July 2012

BackgroundThis study describes the design of a hypnosis closed‐loop control system with propofol. The controller used a proportional‐integral (PI) algorithm with the bispectral index (BIS) as the feedback signal. Our hypothesis was that a PI closed‐loop control could be applied in clinical practice safely keeping the BIS within a pre‐determined target range.MethodsThe adjustment of the PI parameters was based on simulation. The procedure had three steps: obtaining a patient model using data from 12 patients, designing and adjusting the controller in simulation, and fine tuning the PI parameters in a pilot study (10 patients). The resulting controller was tested in 24 American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) I–II patients. The controller directly decides the infusion rate of propofol, and no model is necessary in its online operation. The BIS target was set to 50. Remifentanil was used for analgesia.ResultsWe evaluated the efficiency and safety of the automatic feedback system. It worked properly in all the patients. The median performance error was −1.62, and the median absolute performance error was 11.03. Average propofol‐normalized consumption was 5.3 ± 1.8 mg/kg/h. Mean percentage of BIS in the range 40–60 was 83%. Mean time to open eyes was 8 ± 4 min. Time to extubation was 9 ± 5 min. Hemodynamic adverse event or intraoperative awareness were not recorded.ConclusionsThe closed‐loop system was able to maintain the BIS within an acceptable range of levels. The control of a propofol infusion guided by the BIS is feasible without hemodynamic instability in ASA I/II patients.
The perioperative combination of methadone and ketamine reduces post‐operative opioid usage compared with methadone alone
Authors: PACREU S. , FERNÁNDEZ CANDIL J. , MOLTÓ L. , CARAZO J. , FERNÁNDEZ GALINSKI S. 
Published: July 2012

BackgroundA synergy between ketamine and methadone (ME) to produce antinociception has been demonstrated in experimental neuropathy. We wanted to compare post‐operative opioid requirements in patients undergoing multilevel lumbar arthrodesis after the administration combined ME–ketamine (MK) or ME alone.MethodsThis was a randomised double‐blind study. During sevoflurane–remifentanil anaesthesia, 11 patients in each group received the following: ketamine bolus (0.5 mg/kg) after tracheal intubation, followed by an infusion of 2.5 μg/kg/min in the MK or saline bolus plus infusion in the ME group. Post‐operative analgesia – during 48 h – was provided by patient‐controlled analgesia (PCA), delivering bolus containing the following: ME 0.25 mg plus ketamine 0.5 mg in the MK group or ME 0.5 mg in the ME group. Lockout was 10 min, maximum of 3 boluses/h in both groups. Before closing the wound, all the patients received intravenous (i.v.) ME 0.1 mg/kg, dexketoprophen and paracetamol. Pain intensity was evaluated by a numerical rating scale (NRS), on arrival at recovery room (RR) and 24 and 48 h after surgery. In the RR, i.v. ME was administered until NRS was 3 when PCA was started. Dexketoprophen and paracetamol were administered 48 h.ResultsRemifentanil requirements were higher in the MK group (P = 0.004). Patients in the MK group received 70% less ME by PCA at 24 h (MK vs. ME group, median and interquartile range) – 3.43 mg (1.9–6.5) vs. 15 mg (9.65–17.38) (P < 0.001) – and at 48 h – 2 mg (0.5–3.63) vs. 9.5 mg (3.5–13.75) (P = 0.001). Patients in the MK group also attempted less doses, at 24 h: 19.5 (12.75–79.5) vs. 98 (41.5–137) (P = 0.043). Both groups had similar NRS values and comparable side effects.ConclusionsPerioperative ketamine–ME combination significantly decreased opioid consumption by PCA.
Redefinition of the map position and validation of a major quantitative trait locus for fire blight resistance of the pear cultivar ‘Harrow Sweet’ (Pyrus communis L.)
Authors: Le Roux Pierre‐Marie F. , Christen Danilo , Duffy Brion , Tartarini Stefano , Dondini Luca , Yamamoto Toshiya , Nishitani Chikako , Terakami Shingo , Lespinasse Yves , Kellerhals Markus , Patocchi Andrea 
Published: July 2012

With 3 figures and 2 tablesAbstractIn a previous study, a QTL analysis was conducted on a pear F1 progeny derived from a cross ‘Passe Crassane’ (PC) × ‘Harrow Sweet’ (HS). Four genomic regions associated with fire blight resistance were identified, including two main QTL located on linkage groups (LGs), 2A and 4 of ‘Harrow Sweet’ (HS02A and HS04). In the present study, we report the combination of LGs HS02A and HS02B into a single LG by mapping additional SSR loci from Malus or Pyrus spp. We could thereby precisely identify a single major QTL on LG HS02. We also confirm a putative QTL on LG HS04 by including new SSR markers to the pre‐existing LG HS04. Based on SSR marker analysis of ‘Harrow Sweet’ pedigree, the major HS02 QTL is presumed to originate from the cultivar ‘Early Sweet’, while the HS04 QTL was traced from ‘Harrow Sweet’ back to ‘Bartlett’. We also describe the validation of the major HS02 QTL for the fire blight severity trait in a second F1 progeny derived from a cross ‘Angelys’ × ‘Harrow Sweet’.
Prezygotic interspecific hybridization barriers between kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) and four wild relatives
Authors: Satya Pratik 
Published: July 2012

AbstractUse of interspecific hybridization in genetic improvement of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus), a multipurpose crop, is limited by low cross‐compatibility. Previous hybridization studies suggest that part of incompatibility barrier is prezygotic. Pollen germination, stigma receptivity and growth of alien pollen on kenaf pistil were studied using wild relatives of kenaf. Four wild and semi‐domesticated species, H. surattensis, H. acetosella, H. radiatus and H. vitifolius, were used as pollen donors in the present experiment. H. radiatus exhibited highest pollen germination (65.89%) on H. cannabinus stigma. For closely related species (H. surattensis, H. acetosella, H. radiatus), stylar incompatibility was noticed, while for distantly related species H. vitifolius, the incompatibility was stigmatic. Number of pollen tubes entering ovule of H. cannabinus pistil was higher for H. radiatus (1.30). Alien pollen growth and penetration of pollen tube through ovule were higher in species sharing same genome of H. cannabinus. High callose deposition was observed in incompatible crosses, suggesting a general mechanism for prezygotic incompatibility in Hibiscus section Furcaria. Callose deposition in incompatible crosses increased with time.
Pilot validation of the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale in China
Authors: Gao Yan , Lin Ju‐Sheng , Zhang Hou‐De , Lin Mu‐Xian , Cheng Chun‐Sheng , Wu Sheng‐Zhou 
Published: July 2012

Background and AimThe Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) is a novel bowel cleanliness rating scale that has undergone validation at Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA. Thus far, there is no standard recognized bowel preparation scale in China. The aim of the present study was to analyze the reliability and validity of the BBPS for the assessment of bowel preparation quality (BPQ) in China.MethodsA group of 49 participants from several hospitals in Guangdong province viewed a video demonstration of BBPS provided by Boston Medical Center and participated in a continuing education seminar. Inter‐observer reliability was assessed for three testing colonoscopies in the video. Three months later, 13 of the participants repeated the test, and intra‐observer reliability was assessed. The BBPS was then applied prospectively in 1012 screening colonoscopies and BBPS scores were compared with polyp‐detection rate. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and weighted Kappa values assessed inter‐ and intra‐rater reliability, respectively. The association of BBPS scores with polyp‐detection rates was calculated by χ2 tests.ResultsThe inter‐observer ICC of BBPS scores was 0.987 (95% CI, 0.949–1.0). The weighted Kappa for BBPS scores was 0.671 (95%CI, 0.507–0.841). For 1012 screening colonoscopies, the mean BBPS score was 6.9 ± 1.8. BBPS scores ≥ 5 were associated with a higher polyp‐detection rate (35%) than scores < 5 (18%) (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe BBPS is a valid and reliable measure of BPQ, and this validity and reliability was maintained for Chinese physicians taught via video.