bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socioeconomic status and health outcomes in a developing country
Authors: Lordan Grace , Soto Eliana Jimenez , Brown Richard P. C. , Correa‐Valez Ignacio 
Published: January 2011

SUMMARYAlthough the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and health is well documented for developed countries, less evidence has been presented for developing countries. The aim of this paper is to analyse this relationship at the household level for Fiji, a developing country in the South Pacific, using original household survey data. To allow for the endogeneity of SES status in the household health production function, we utilize a simultaneous equation approach where estimates are achieved by full information maximum likelihood. By restricting our sample to one, relatively small island, and including area and district hospital effects, physical geography effects are unpacked from income effects. We measure SES, as permanent income which is constructed using principal components analysis. An alternative specification considers transitory household income. We find that a 1% increase in wealth (our measure of permanent income) would lead to a 15% decrease in the probability of an incapacitating illness occurring intra‐household. Although the presence of a strong relationship indicates that relatively small improvements in SES status can significantly improve health at the household level, it is argued that the design of appropriate policy would also require an understanding of the various mechanisms through which the relationship operates. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Physicians' perception of demand‐induced supply in the information age: a latent class model analysis
Authors: Shih Ya‐Chen Tina , Tai‐Seale Ming 
Published: January 2011

SUMMARYThis paper introduces a concept called ‘demand‐induced supply’ that reflects the excess supply of services due to an increase in demand initiated by patients. We examine its association with the proportion of information‐savvy patients in physicians' practice. Using data from a national representative physician survey, we apply latent class models to analyze this association. Our analyses categorize physicians into three ‘types’ according to the frequency with which they provided additional medical services at their patients' requests: frequent, occasional, and rare. The proportion of information‐savvy patients is significantly and positively correlated with demand‐induced supply for the frequent or occasional type, but not among physicians in the rare type. Efforts to contain healthcare costs through utilization control need to recognize the pattern of responses from physicians who treat an increasing number of information‐savvy patients. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Outcome of patients treated surgically for lymph node metastases from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Givi Babak , Andersen Peter E. , Diggs Brian S. , Wax Mark K. , Gross Neil D. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackgroundThere is a paucity of outcomes data for patients with lymph node metastasis from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN).MethodsPatients from a tertiary care center with cutaneous SCCHN metastatic to parotid and or cervical lymph nodes were identified. Data were abstracted and analyzed using COX multivariate analysis.ResultsFifty‐one patients (47 men, and 4 women) with a median age of 73 years were identified. Eight patients (16%) had recurrent disease and 11 (22%) were immunosuppressed. Forty patients (71%) received adjuvant radiation therapy. Median overall survival was 23 months (range, 3–148 months). Recurrent disease was associated with higher risk of death (hazard ratio [HR], 2.7; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1–6.9) and radiation therapy with reduced risk (HR, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.06–0.54).ConclusionLymph node metastases from cutaneous SCCHN is associated with poor survival. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Role of DNA methyltransferase 1 in pharyngeal cancer related to treatment resistance
Authors: Chen Chih‐Cheng , Chen Wen‐Cheng , Wang Wen‐Hung , Lu Chang‐Hsien , Lin Paul‐Yang , Lee Kuan‐Der , Chen Miao‐Fen 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of the present study was to highlight the role of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and its potential for improving treatment and informing prognosis for pharyngeal cancer.MethodsHuman pharyngeal cancer cell lines FaDu and its derivative FaDu‐C225‐R were selected for cellular experiments. Furthermore, 95 pharyngeal cancer tissue specimens were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining.ResultsDNMT1 was over‐expressed in pharyngeal cancer specimens and cells with activated interleukin (IL)‐6 signaling. When DNMT1 activity was blocked, accelerated tumor growth and treatment resistance were overcome as demonstrated by cell culture and animal experiments. The reduction in DNMT1 was associated with increased apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and augmented irradiation‐induced free radical levels and DNA damage. Furthermore, positive staining for DNMT1 in clinical cancer specimens was significantly linked to lower rates of response to treatments and shorter survival of patients with pharyngeal cancer.ConclusionDNMT1 may be a significant clinical predictor and a potential treatment strategy against head and neck cancer. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Image‐guided surgery in head and neck cancer: Current practice and future directions of optical imaging
Authors: Keereweer S. , Sterenborg H. J. C. M. , Kerrebijn J. D. F. , Van Driel P. B. A. A. , de Jong R. J. Baatenburg , Löwik C. W. G. M. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA key aspect for the postoperative prognosis of patients with head and neck cancer is complete tumor resection. In current practice, the intraoperative assessment of the tumor‐free margin is dependent on visual appearance and palpation of the tumor. Optical imaging has the potential of traversing the gap between radiology and surgery by providing real‐time visualization of the tumor, thereby allowing for image‐guided surgery. The use of the near‐infrared light spectrum offers 2 essential advantages: increased tissue penetration of light and an increased signal‐to‐background ratio of contrast agents.In this review, the current practice and limitations of image‐guided surgery by optical imaging using intrinsic fluorescence or contrast agents are described. Furthermore, we provide an overview of the various molecular contrast agents targeting specific hallmarks of cancer that have been used in other fields of oncologic surgery, and we describe perspectives on its future use in head and neck cancer surgery. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Novel neoadjuvant immunotherapy regimen safety and survival in head and neck squamous cell cancer
Authors: Wolf Gregory T. , Fee Willard E. , Dolan Robert W. , Moyer Jeffrey S. , Kaplan Michael J. , Spring Paul M. , Suen James , Kenady Daniel E. , Newman Jason G. , Carroll William R. , Gillespie M. Boyd , Freeman Scott M. , Baltzer Lorraine , Kirkley Terry D. , Brandwein Harvey J. , Hadden John W. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackgroundCellular immune suppression is observed in head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) and contributes to poor prognosis. Restoration of immune homeostasis may require primary cell‐derived cytokines at physiologic doses. An immunotherapy regimen containing a biologic, with multiple‐active cytokine components, and administered with cytoxan, zinc, and indomethacin was developed to modulate cellular immunity.MethodsStudy methods were designed to determine the safety and efficacy of a 21‐day neoadjuvant immunotherapy regimen in a phase 2 trial that enrolled 27 therapy‐naïve patients with stage II to IVa HNSCC. Methods included safety, clinical and radiologic tumor response, disease‐free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and tumor lymphocytic infiltrate (LI) data collection.ResultsAcute toxicity was minimal. Patients completed neoadjuvant treatment without surgical delay. By independent radiographic review, 83% had stable disease during treatment. OS was 92%, 73%, and 69% at 12, 24, and 36 months, respectively. Histologic analysis suggested correlation between survival and tumor LI.ConclusionImmunotherapy regimen was tolerated. Survival results are encouraging. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Marginal recurrences after selective targeting with intensity‐modulated radiotherapy for oral tongue cancer
Authors: Damast Shari , Wolden Suzanne , Lee Nancy 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackgroundNo universal consensus of optimal radiation target coverage for oral tongue cancer exists, and there is wide variability in practice. Some centers use intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) to selectively target only certain regions at risk while sparing others; however, patterns of failure after such selective targeting are rarely reported.Methods and ResultsWe critically examined the location of failure in 4 patients with stage III to IV oral tongue cancer who presented to our department with locoregional recurrence after receiving IMRT with selective radiation targeting at outside institutions. All 4 patients' cancer recurred marginally in regions that were not initially targeted, whereas the regions would have been targeted if comprehensive IMRT targeting had been used. The median time to recurrence was short (3.9 months; range, 1.2–10.1 months).ConclusionThis case series highlights the occurrence of marginal failures after selective targeting with IMRT for oral tongue cancer and cautions against this practice unless further supporting evidence becomes available. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Human performance in control rooms of nuclear power plants: A survey study
Authors: Liao Huafei , Chang Jo‐Ling 
Published: January 2011

AbstractDriven by the increasing demand for reliable and clean energy, the nuclear industry is booming worldwide three decades after the Three Mile Island accident. The transition of technology in nuclear power plants has raised many important human performance issues in every aspect of control systems. To obtain insights on how to meet the challenges imposed by new technologies, a survey was conducted to examine the causal factors of the human–system interface–related human errors in NPP plant control rooms. The survey results can help us identify error categories in terms of the interrelationships among the error causal factors. Moreover, an investigation of the error causal factors can enable us to better understand the nature of the errors and then propose effective corrective action guidelines to mitigate their consequences and enhance human reliability. A five‐factor structure was identified through an exploratory factor analysis: Invisibility of System Status, Incorrect System Interface Design, Insufficient Support for System Diagnosis and Decision Making, Misoperations, and Manual Actions. The five factors are discussed in the context of the decision–action model developed in this study to derive corrective actions for each type of potential human error. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Photochemische reaktionen von äthern mit 4‐methylcinnolin und chinoxalinen
Authors: Chen T. T. , Dörscheln W. , Göth H. , Hesse M. , Schmidt H. 
Published: February 2011

Abstract1. 4‐Methylcinnoline on irradiation in ethers produces the photoproducts 2–6 by a 1.4 addition of the ethers.2. Quinoxaline reacts with ethers to produce the quinoxalines 8, 12 and 13 by what appears superficially to be a substitution process. Reaction of 2,3‐dimethylquinoxaline with tetrahydrofuran gives as the main product 16 by 1.2 addition, and 2‐(t‐butyl)‐quinoxaline gives the dihydroquinoxaline derivatives 17a, b. Because of the known easy autoxidation of 1,2‐dihydroquinoxaline we believe that the intermediate in the photolytic reaction of quinoxaline, yielding 8, 12 and 13, is also the 1.2 addition product.3. The mass‐spectrometric behaviour of the cinnoline and quinoxaline derivatives has been discussed.
Struktur der Drebyssobiose, Lilacinobiose und Viminose: Desoxyzucker, 45. Mitteilung
Authors: Allgeier H. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe structures of the following three disaccharides, isolated from Asclepiadaceae, have been elucidated: Drebyssobiose (1) = 4–0‐(3–0‐methyl‐6‐deoxy‐β‐d‐allopyranosyl)‐d‐digitoxose, lilacinobiose (7) = 4‐O‐(3‐O‐methyl‐6‐deoxy‐β‐d‐glucopyranosyl)‐d‐cymarose, and viminose (13) = 4‐O‐(3‐O‐methyl‐6‐deoxy‐β‐d‐glucopyranosyl)‐d‐digitoxose.
195Pt‐Kernresonanz in PtII‐und PtIV‐Verbindungen
Authors: Zelewsky A. V. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe 195Pt‐nmr spectra of several PtIV‐ and PtII‐complexes have been measured in aqueous solutions. It has been shown that this method has great potentialities for the evaluation of the bonding character in platinum complexes. The 195Pt‐resonance spectra of solutions containing mixed chloro‐bromo‐complexes of PtIV have been used for the estimation of relative stabilities of these complexes. It is pointed out that this method is generally applicable to determine equilibrium constants of platinum compounds.
Beckmann‐Umlagerung und Fragmentierung, III. Teil Versuche zur 7‐Zentren‐Fragmentierung eines γ‐Aminoketoxims: Fragmentierungsreaktionen, 20. Mitteilung
Authors: Artz K. G. , Grob C. A. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIn aqueous dioxane the p‐toluenesulfonate 11B of 1β‐dimethylamino‐5‐oximino‐trans‐decalin (11a) undergoes almost quantitative Beckmann rearrangement to the lactam 23. Approx. 1%, only, of the product of so‐called 7‐centre fragmentation, i.e. trans‐9‐cyano‐non‐5‐enal (14) is detectable. Furthermore, the picryl ether 11C of the oxime 11a reacts at a normal rate.The results confirm the conclusion reached earlier, namely that fragmentation cannot compete with the Beckmann rearrangement in the case of γ‐amino ketoximes, in contrast to the behaviour of α‐amino ketoximes.
Beckmann‐Umlagerung und Fragmentierung, IV. Teil. 5‐ und 7‐Zentren‐Fragmentierung von γ‐Keto‐ketoximen: Fragmentierungsreaktionen, 21. Mitteilung
Authors: Eisele W. , Grob C. A. , Renk E. , Von Tschammer H. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA heterolytic 7‐centre fragmentation reaction of the type a‐b‐c‐d‐e‐f‐X → a b + c = d + e = f + X has been demonstrated for the first time utilizing γ‐keto‐ketoximes. This system may also undergo a novel 5‐centre fragmentation.With sodium hydroxide in aqueous ethanol and with sodium ethoxide in ethanol the p‐toluene‐sulfonate of 1‐oxo‐9‐methyl‐5‐oximino‐trans‐decalin (7b) is converted quantitatively into 9‐cyano‐6‐methyl‐non‐5‐enoic acid (10b) and the corresponding ethyl ester, respectively. With lower concentrations of nucleophile normal Beckmann rearrangement to the lactam 13a and the lactimether 19b predominates.In the case of the p‐toluenesulfonate of the 9‐nor‐derivative 7a a base‐induced 5‐centre fragmentation reaction to the α,β‐unsaturated ketone 12 competes with 7‐centre fragmentation to 9‐cyano‐non‐5‐enoic acid (10a), strong bases favouring the former reaction. In the absence of strong bases of nucleophiles Beckmann rearrangement again dominates.
Photochemische Umwandlungen. XVIII Photochemische Isomerisierung annellierter Oxanorbornadiene Vorläufige Mitteilung
Authors: Prinzbach H. , Würsch P. , Vogel P. , Tochtermann W. , Franke G. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractPhotochemical cycloaddition reactions in anellated oxanorbornadiene derivatives have been investigated. In the case of 7a the tetracyclic isomer 8a can be isolated which adds dimethylacetylenedicarboxylate in the manner of a bis‐homo‐furan system. On thermal activation 8a yields the thiepino‐oxepin derivative 9a. In contrast, on direct photoexcitation of the benzoxanorbornadiene the primary photoproduct cannot be identified, the reaction leading directly to the benz[d]oxepin.
Thyrocalcitonin III. Die Synthese des α‐Thyrocalcitonins: Vorläufige Mitteilung
Authors: Rittel W. , Brugger M. , Kamber B. , Riniker B. , Sieber P. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA synthesis of the dotriacontapeptide sequence I, reported by Neher et al. [1] for porcine α‐thyrocalcitonin (α‐TC), is described. The synthetic peptide is shown to be identical with α‐TC by thin layer chromatography and electrophoresis, by the pattern of trypsin degradation, and by its biological activity. Oxidation with hydrogen peroxide gave the methionine25 sulfoxide derivative, which was identical with α‐TC‐sulfoxide (formerly called β‐thyrocalcitonin) from pig thyroids.
A multi‐temporal analysis of AMSR‐E data for flood and discharge monitoring during the 2008 flood in Iowa
Authors: Temimi Marouane , Lacava Teodosio , Lakhankar Tarendra , Tramutoli Valerio , Ghedira Hosni , Ata Riadh , Khanbilvardi Reza 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe objective of this work is to demonstrate the potential of using passive microwave data to monitor flood and discharge conditions and to infer watershed hydraulic and hydrologic parameters. The case study is the major flood in Iowa in summer 2008. A new Polarisation Ratio Variation Index (PRVI) was developed based on a multi‐temporal analysis of 37 GHz satellite imagery from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR‐E) to calculate and detect anomalies in soil moisture and/or inundated areas. The Robust Satellite Technique (RST) which is a change detection approach based on the analysis of historical satellite records was adopted. A rating curve has been developed to assess the relationship between PRVI values and discharge observations downstream. A time‐lag term has been introduced and adjusted to account for the changing delay between PRVI and streamflow. Moreover, the Kalman filter has been used to update the rating curve parameters in near real time. The temporal variability of the b exponent in the rating curve formula shows that it converges toward a constant value. A consistent 21‐day time lag, very close to an estimate of the time of concentration, was obtained. The agreement between observed discharge downstream and estimated discharge with and without parameters adjustment was 65 and 95%, respectively. This demonstrates the interesting role that passive microwave can play in monitoring flooding and wetness conditions and estimating key hydrologic parameters. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Study of stream temperature dynamics and corresponding heat fluxes within Miramichi River catchments (New Brunswick, Canada)
Authors: Hebert Cindie , Caissie Daniel , Satish Mysore G. , El‐Jabi Nassir 
Published: January 2011

AbstractWater temperature is a key physical habitat determinant in lotic ecosystems as it influences many physical, chemical, and biological properties of rivers. Hence, a good understanding of the thermal regime of rivers and river heat fluxes is essential for effective management of water and fisheries resources. This study dealt with the modelling of river water temperature using a deterministic model. This model calculated the different heat fluxes at the water surface and from the streambed using different hydrometeorological conditions. The water temperature model was applied on two watercourses of different sizes and thermal characteristics, but within a similar meteorological region, namely, the Little Southwest Miramichi River and Catamaran Brook (New Brunswick, Canada). The model was also applied using microclimate data, i.e. meteorological conditions within the river environment (1–2 m above the water surface), for a better estimation of river heat fluxes. Water temperatures at different depths within the riverbed were also used to estimate the streambed heat fluxes. Results showed that microclimate data were essential to get accurate estimates of the surface heat fluxes. Results also showed that for larger river systems, the surface heat fluxes were generally the dominant component of the heat budget with a correspondingly smaller contribution from the streambed. As watercourses became smaller and groundwater contribution more significant, the streambed contribution became important. For instance, approximately 80% of the heat fluxes occurred at the surface for Catamaran Brook (20% from the streambed) whereas the Little Southwest Miramichi River showed values closer to 90% (10% from the streambed). As was reported in previous studies, the solar radiation input dominated the contribution to the heat gain at 63% for Catamaran Brook and 89% for Little Southwest Miramichi River. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simulation of evapotranspiration and carbon dioxide flux in the wheat‐maize rotation croplands of the North China Plain using the Simple Biosphere Model
Authors: Lei Huimin , Yang Dawen , Shen Yanjun , Liu Yu , Zhang Yucui 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe North China Plain, which is critical for food production in China, is encountering serious water shortage due to heavy agricultural water requirement. The accurate modelling of carbon dioxide flux and evapotranspiration (ET) in croplands is thus essential for yield prediction and water resources management. The land surface model is powerful in simulating energy and carbon dioxide fluxes between land and atmosphere. Some key processes in the Simple Biosphere Model (Version 2, SiB2) were parameterized based on the observations. The simulated fluxes were tested against the eddy covariance flux measurements over two typical winter wheat/maize double cropping fields. A simple diagnostic parameterisation of soil respiration, not included in SiB2, was added and calibrated using the observations to model the carbon budget. The Ball‐Berry stomatal conductance model was calibrated using observed leaf gas exchange rate, showing that the original SiB2 could significantly underpredict the ET in the wheat field. SiB2 significantly underpredicted soil resistance at the Weishan site, leading to overpredict the ET. Overall, there was a close agreement between the simulated and observed latent heat fluxes and net CO2 exchange using the re‐parameterized SiB2. These findings are important when the model is used for the regional simulation in the North China Plain. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integrated water resource management in a major canal command in eastern India
Authors: Raul S. K. , Panda Sudhindra N. , Holländer H. , Billib M. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe present rice‐dominated cropping system in the Hirakud canal command (eastern India) is under severe threat due to imbalance between irrigation water supply and demand. The canal water supply, which is the only source of irrigation, only meets 54% of the demand at 90% probability of exceedance (PE). In order to mitigate the irrigation water deficit from canal water, groundwater is considered as a supplemental source. Quasi‐three‐dimensional groundwater flow simulation modelling was, therefore, carried out by using Visual MODFLOW to detect the change in hydraulic head due to transient pumping stresses. The simulation model was calibrated and validated satisfactorily. Sensitivity analysis of the model parameters shows that groundwater recharge is most sensitive followed by aquifer hydraulic conductivity at almost all the sites of the command area, whereas the model is comparatively less sensitive to specific storage and specific yield. Enhanced pumping scenarios showed that groundwater extraction can be increased up to 50 times of the existing pumping without causing any adverse effect to the aquifer but the aquifer does not permit to exploit water in order to fulfill the irrigation water demand even at 10% PE. Hence, it is imperative to develop an optimal land and water resources management plan of the command area. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.