bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organic‐inorganic Hybrid Lanthanide‐Silver Heterometallic Coordination Frameworks Constructed from Oxalate and Sulfate Anion: Syntheses, Structures, and Photoluminescent Properties
Authors: Xiao Xueying , Wei Yongqin , Zheng Wenxu , Wu Kechen 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe first four examples of organic‐inorganic hybrid lanthanide‐silver heterometallic frameworks, namely, [AgLn(μ5‐C2O4)(SO4)(H2O)2] [Ln = Eu (1) and Sm (2)] and [AgLn(μ4‐C2O4)0.5(μ6‐C2O4)0.5(SO4)(H2O)] [Ln = Tb (3) and Dy (4)] based on oxalate and sulfate anions were synthesized by hydrothermal reactions of lanthanide oxide, silver nitrate, oxalic acid and sulfuric acid. All structures contain ladder‐like inorganic lanthanide sulfato chains, which are further connected together through silver atoms by oxalate anions with different coordination behavior (μ5‐C2O4: 1 and 2, μ6‐C2O4 mixed μ4‐C2O4: 3 and 4) to generate two types of 3D networks. The luminescent properties of these compounds were also studied.
On the Existence of LiFeVO4 – Tales and Imagination
Authors: Clemens Oliver , Bauer Matthias , Haberkorn Robert , Beck Horst Philipp 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIn this paper, we report investigations on the synthesis of LiFeVO4 as well as a reinvestigation of recently published research reports. Starting with compounds containing V4+ and Fe3+ for synthesis showed to be the best way to realize the desired composition. A single phase material could not be prepared, instead, we find a disproportionation of V4+ to V3+ and V5+ and separation of these ions into two different phases, such as Li0.5+Fe(5z–1)/2z3+V0.5z3+O4 and Li(1–0.5z)/(1–z)+Fe(1.5–2.5z)/(1–z)3+V0.5/(1–z)5+O4, with z ≈︁ 0.45. Additionally, XANES / EXAFS measurements were performed to determine the cation oxidation states and coordination.
Defect in proline synthesis: pyrroline‐5‐carboxylate reductase 1 deficiency leads to a complex clinical phenotype with collagen and elastin abnormalities
Authors: Kretz Rita , Bozorgmehr Bita , Kariminejad Mohamad Hasan , Rohrbach Marianne , Hausser Ingrid , Baumer Alessandra , Baumgartner Matthias , Giunta Cecilia , Kariminejad Ariana , Häberle Johannes 
Published: April 2011

AbstractPyrroline‐5‐carboxylate reductase 1 (PYCR1) catalyzes the last step in proline synthesis. Deficiency of PYCR1, caused by a defect in PYCR1, was recently described in patients with cutis laxa, intrauterine growth retardation, developmental dysplasia of the hips and mental retardation. In this paper, we describe additional six patients (ages ranging from 4 months to 55 years) from four Iranian families with clinical manifestations of a wrinkly skin disorder. All patients have distinct facial features comprising triangular face, loss of adipose tissue and thin pointed nose. Additional features are short stature, wrinkling over dorsum of hand and feet, visible veins over the chest and hyperextensible joints. Three of the patients from a large consanguineous family do not have mental retardation, while the remaining three patients from three unrelated families have mental and developmental delay. Mutation analysis revealed the presence of disease‐causing variants in PYCR1, including a novel deletion of the entire PYCR1 gene in one family, and in each of the other patients the homozygous missense mutations c.616G > A (p.Gly206Arg), c.89T > A (p.Ile30Lys) and c.572G > A (p.Gly191Glu) respectively, the latter two of which are novel. Light‐ and electron microscopy investigations of skin biopsies showed smaller and fragmented elastic fibres, abnormal morphology of the mitochondria and their cristae, and slightly abnormal collagen fibril diameters with irregular outline and variable size. In conclusion, this study adds information on the natural course of PYCR1 deficiency and sheds light on the pathophysiology of this disorder. However, the exact pathogenesis of this new disorder and the role of proline in the development of the clinical phenotype remain to be fully explained.
Catalytic Synthesis of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters from Extremely Low Quality Greases
Authors: Ngo Helen L. , Xie Zhigang , Kasprzyk Stephen , Haas Michael , Lin Wenbin 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBiodiesel (BD) is a renewable fuel for compression ignition engines that is composed of the simple alkyl esters, usually methyl‐, of fatty acids (FAME). It is typically produced via base‐catalyzed transesterification between refined vegetable oil or animal fat (e.g., soybean oil, tallow) and an alcohol (e.g., methanol). This process can, however, be marginally cost‐effective due to the high feedstock and processing costs. It is thus desirable to develop new catalytic routes that can efficiently convert less expensive feedstocks to BD. We report here on the application of a series of diarylammonium based homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts for converting a particularly low value, low quality lipid, trap grease, to FAME. In the course of a 1‐h reaction at 125 °C these catalysts simultaneously esterified the free fatty acids (>90 wt% of the substrate) and transesterified the acylglycerols (<10 wt%) of the feedstock to FAME with greater than 95% overall conversion.
The uniform Korn–Poincaré inequality in thin domains
Authors: Lewicka Marta , Müller Stefan 
Published: April 2011

We study the Korn–Poincaré inequality:

\|u\|_{W^{1,2}(S^{h})}\leq C_{h}\left\|D(u)\right\|_{L^{2}(S^{h})},

in domains

S^{h}

that are shells of small thickness of order

h

, around an arbitrary compact, boundaryless and smooth hypersurface

S

in

\mathbf{R}^{n}

. By

D(u)

we denote the symmetric part of the gradient

∇u

, and we assume the tangential boundary conditions:

u \cdot \overrightarrow n^{h} = 0\:\text{on }\partial S^{h}.

We prove that

C_{h}

remains uniformly bounded as

h\rightarrow 0

, for vector fields

u

in any family of cones (with

\text{angle} < \pi / 2

, uniform in

h

) around the orthogonal complement of extensions of Killing vector fields on

S

.

We show that this condition is optimal, as in turn every Killing field admits a family of extensions

u^{h}

, for which the ratio

\|u^{h}\|_{W^{1,2}(S^{h})}/ \|D(u^{h})\|_{L^{2}(S^{h})}

blows up as

h\rightarrow 0

, even if the domains

S^{h}

are not rotationally symmetric.

Résumé
On étudie lʼinégalité de Korn–Poincaré :

\|u\|_{W^{1,2}(S^{h})}\leq C_{h}\left\|D(u)\right\|_{L^{2}(S^{h})},

dans les domaines

S^{h}

de type des coques dʼépaisseurs dʼordre

h

autour dʼune hypersurface compacte sans bord et regulière

S

de

\mathbf{R}^{n}

. Par

D(u)

, on réfère à la partie symétrique du gradient

∇u

et on suppose la condition au bord :

u \cdot \overrightarrow n^{h} = 0\:\text{on }\partial S^{h}.

On démontre que

C_{h}

reste uniformément borné car

h\rightarrow 0

, pour tout champ de vecteurs dans une famille de cônes donnée (faisant un

\text{angle} < \pi / 2

, uniforme en

h

) autour du complément orthogonal des extensions de champs de vecteurs de Killing sur

S

.

On montre que cette condition est optimale comme tout champ de Killling

u

sur

S

admet une famille dʼextensions

u^{h}

sur

S^{h}

pour lesquelles le rapport

\|u^{h}\|_{W^{1,2}(S^{h})}/ \|D(u^{h})\|_{L^{2}(S^{h})}

tend à lʼinfini comme

h\rightarrow 0

, même si les

S^{h}

ne possèdent pas de symmetrie axiale.
Prediction of body mass index in mice using dense molecular markers and a regularized neural network
Authors: OKUT HAYRETTIN , GIANOLA DANIEL , ROSA GUILHERME J. M. , WEIGEL KENT A. 
Published: April 2011

SummaryBayesian regularization of artificial neural networks (BRANNs) were used to predict body mass index (BMI) in mice using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Data from 1896 animals with both phenotypic and genotypic (12 320 loci) information were used for the analysis. Missing genotypes were imputed based on estimated allelic frequencies, with no attempt to reconstruct haplotypes based on family information or linkage disequilibrium between markers. A feed-forward multilayer perceptron network consisting of a single output layer and one hidden layer was used. Training of the neural network was done using the Bayesian regularized backpropagation algorithm. When the number of neurons in the hidden layer was increased, the number of effective parameters, γ, increased up to a point and stabilized thereafter. A model with five neurons in the hidden layer produced a value of γ that saturated the data. In terms of predictive ability, a network with five neurons in the hidden layer attained the smallest error and highest correlation in the test data although differences among networks were negligible. Using inherent weight information of BRANN with different number of neurons in the hidden layer, it was observed that 17 SNPs had a larger impact on the network, indicating their possible relevance in prediction of BMI. It is concluded that BRANN may be at least as useful as other methods for high-dimensional genome-enabled prediction, with the advantage of its potential ability of capturing non-linear relationships, which may be useful in the study of quantitative traits under complex gene action.
ℤd-actions with prescribed topological and ergodic properties
Authors: LIMA YURI 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWe extend constructions of Hahn and Katznelson [On the entropy of uniquely ergodic transformations. Trans. Amer. Math. Soc.126 (1967), 335–360] and Pavlov [Some counterexamples in topological dynamics. Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys.28 (2008), 1291–1322] to ℤd-actions on symbolic dynamical spaces with prescribed topological and ergodic properties. More specifically, we describe a method to build ℤd-actions which are (totally) minimal, (totally) strictly ergodic and have positive topological entropy.
What should psychiatric trainees in years 1–3 gain from CBT training? Implications from a Royal College Divisional Workshop
Authors: Moorhead Steve , Lloyd Adrian , Holmes John 
Published: April 2011

AbstractCompetencies for psychiatric training have been developed that reflect what psychiatrists have to be able to do in order to function in their role. Although the need for a formally delivered psychotherapy experience is assumed and associated competencies are represented in the curriculum, it is not clear which competencies thereby achieved can be translated into generic practice. This paper reports the outcomes of a workshop held at an academic regional meeting of the Royal College of Psychiatrists. Potential competencies to be achieved following training and experience in CBT were presented. Small group review of the frameworks and subsequent feedback demonstrated broad support for requirements of CBT knowledge and attitudinal competencies that could inform day-to-day practice, within a generic psychotherapeutic skills framework. New competencies that were related to CBT and considered meaningful in daily psychiatric practice emerged. Further development of these ideas from the workshop in this paper leads to a set of coherent competencies that would be helpful in non-CBT specialist practice and are congruent with the context of generic psychiatric practice. These enable models of training other than the delivery of a single ‘brief’ psychotherapy case to be considered.
Symmetry-breaking orbital anisotropy observed for detwinned Ba(Fe

1-
x

Co

x

)
2
As
2
above the spin density wave transition
Authors: Yi Ming , Lu Donghui , Chu Jiun-Haw , Analytis James G. , Sorini Adam P. , Kemper Alexander F. , Moritz Brian , Mo Sung-Kwan , Moore Rob G. , Hashimoto Makoto , Lee Wei-Sheng , Hussain Zahid , Devereaux Thomas P. , Fisher Ian R. , Shen Zhi-Xun 
Published: April 2011

Nematicity, defined as broken rotational symmetry, has recently been observed in competing phases proximate to the superconducting phase in the cuprate high-temperature superconductors. Similarly, the new iron-based high-temperature superconductors exhibit a tetragonal-to-orthorhombic structural transition (i.e., a broken C
4
symmetry) that either precedes or is coincident with a collinear spin density wave (SDW) transition in undoped parent compounds, and superconductivity arises when both transitions are suppressed via doping. Evidence for strong in-plane anisotropy in the SDW state in this family of compounds has been reported by neutron scattering, scanning tunneling microscopy, and transport measurements. Here, we present an angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study of detwinned single crystals of a representative family of electron-doped iron-arsenide superconductors, Ba(Fe

1-
x

Co

x

)
2
As
2
in the underdoped region. The crystals were detwinned via application of in-plane uniaxial stress, enabling measurements of single domain electronic structure in the orthorhombic state. At low temperatures, our results clearly demonstrate an in-plane electronic anisotropy characterized by a large energy splitting of two orthogonal bands with dominant
d

xz

and
d

yz

character, which is consistent with anisotropy observed by other probes. For compositions
x
> 0, for which the structural transition (
T

S

) precedes the magnetic transition (
T
SDW
), an anisotropic splitting is observed to develop above
T
SDW
, indicating that it is specifically associated with
T

S

. For unstressed crystals, the band splitting is observed close to
T

S

, whereas for stressed crystals, the splitting is observed to considerably higher temperatures, revealing the presence of a surprisingly large in-plane nematic susceptibility in the electronic structure.
Minimum energy compact structures in force-quench polyubiquitin folding are domain swapped
Authors: Xia Fei , Thirumalai D. , Gräter Frauke 
Published: April 2011

Single molecule experiments that initiate folding using mechanical force are uniquely suited to reveal the nature of populated states in the folding process. Using a strategy proposed on theoretical grounds, which calls for repeated cycling of force from high to low values using force pulses, it was demonstrated in atomic force spectroscopy (AFM) experiments that an ensemble of minimum energy compact structures (MECS) are sampled during the folding of polyubiquitin. The structures in the ensemble are mechanically resistant to a lesser extent than the native state. Remarkably, forced unfolding of the populated intermediates reveals a broad distribution of extensions including steps up to 30 nm and beyond. We show using molecular simulations that favorable interdomain interactions leading to domain swapping between adjacent ubiquitin modules results in the formation of the ensemble of MECS, whose unfolding leads to an unusually broad distribution of steps. We obtained the domain-swapped structures using coarse-grained ubiquitin dimer models by exchanging native interactions between two monomeric ubiquitin molecules. Brownian dynamics force unfolding of the proposed domain-swapped structures, with mechanical stability that is approximately 100-fold lower than the native state, gives rise to a distribution of extensions from 2 to 30 nm. Our results, which are in quantitative agreement with AFM experiments, suggest that domain swapping may be a general mechanism in the assembly of multi-sub-unit proteins.
Evaluating management strategies for eastern Bering Sea walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) in a changing environment
Authors: Ianelli James N. , Hollowed Anne B. , Haynie Alan C. , Mueter Franz J. , Bond Nicholas A. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIanelli, J. N., Hollowed, A. B., Haynie, A. C., Mueter, F. J., and Bond, N. A. 2011. Evaluating management strategies for eastern Bering Sea walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) in a changing environment. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1297–1304. The impacts of climate change on fish and fisheries is expected to increase the demand for more accurate stock projections and harvest strategies that are robust to shifting production regimes. To address these concerns, we evaluate the performance of fishery management control rules for eastern Bering Sea walleye pollock stock under climate change. We compared the status quo policy with six alternative management strategies under two types of recruitment pattern simulations: one that follows temperature-induced trends and the other that follows a stationary recruitment pattern similar to historical observations. A subset of 82 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change climate models provided temperature inputs from which an additional 100 stochastic simulated recruitments were generated to obtain the same overall recruitment variability as observed for the stationary recruitment simulations. Results indicate that status quo management with static reference points and current ecosystem considerations will result in much lower average catches and an increased likelihood of fishery closures, should reduced recruitment because of warming conditions hold. Alternative reference point calculations and control rules have similar performance under stationary recruitment relative to status quo, but may offer significant gains under the changing environmental conditions.
Development of a stock–recruit model for simulating stock dynamics for uncertain situations: the example of Northeast Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus)
Authors: Simmonds E. John , Campbell Andrew , Skagen Dankert , Roel Beatriz A. , Kelly Ciaran 
Published: April 2011

AbstractSimmonds, E. J., Campbell, A., Skagen, D., Roel, B. A., and Kelly, C. 2011. Development of a stock–recruit model for simulating stock dynamics for uncertain situations: the example of Northeast Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus). – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 848–859. The assumption of a relationship between recruitment and a spawning stock is the cornerstone of the precautionary approach and may constrain the use of a maximum sustainable yield (MSY) target for fisheries management, because the failure to include such a relationship suggests that providing a measure of stock protection is unnecessary. The implications of fitting different functional forms and stochastic distributions to stock-and-recruit data are investigated. The importance of these considerations is shown by taking a practical example from management: the management plan for Northeast Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus), a fish stock with an average annual catch of 600 000 t. The historical range of spawning-stock biomass is narrow, and historical data from a stock assessment explain only a small proportion of the recruitment variability. We investigate how best to reflect the uncertainty in the stock–recruit relationship. Selecting a single model based on simple statistical criteria can have major consequences for advice and is problematic. Selecting a distribution of models with derived probabilities gives a more complete perception of uncertainty in dynamics. Differences in functional form, distribution of deviations, and variability of coefficients are allowed. The approach appropriately incorporates uncertainty in the stock–recruit relationship for FMSY estimation.
Nine decades of North Sea sole and plaice distribution
Authors: Engelhard Georg H. , Pinnegar John K. , Kell Laurence T. , Rijnsdorp Adriaan D. 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Engelhard, G. H., Pinnegar, J. K., Kell, L. T., and Rijnsdorp, A. D. 2011. Nine decades of North Sea sole and plaice distribution. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1090–1104. Recent studies based mainly on research survey data suggest that within the North Sea, sole Solea solea and plaice Pleuronectes platessa have exhibited distribution shifts in recent decades—on average southward for sole and northward to deeper waters for plaice. Various hypotheses may account for such shifts, including climate change effects and more intensive fishing in southern and shallower waters; but the relatively short time-span of datasets analysed so far (∼3 decades) has complicated the separation of these two effects. We have made use of a unique dataset of catch and effort data for British North Sea trawlers; these cover nine decades (spanning the period 1913–2007) and are spatially detailed by ICES rectangle (0.5° latitude by 1° longitude). We quantify, for the first time, long-term distribution changes of North Sea sole and plaice over a period approaching a century, and demonstrate that the distribution shift in plaice was attributable to climate change rather than to fishing, but that both climate and fishing played a role in the distribution shift of sole. The discussion also highlights the potential impact of additional factors, including eutrophication, prey availability, and habitat modification.
Among-stock comparisons for improving stock assessments of data-poor stocks: the “Robin Hood” approach
Authors: Punt André E. , Smith David C. , Smith Anthony D. M. 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Punt, A. E., Smith, D. C., and Smith, A. D. M. 2011. Among-stock comparisons for improving stock assessments of data-poor stocks: the “Robin Hood” approach. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 972–981. An approach is outlined for conducting stock assessments in which parameters are estimated for multiple stocks at the same time. Information from data-rich stock assessments, e.g. trends in fishing mortality, and values for parameters of selectivity functions are provided to data-poor assessments in the form of penalties on the estimated parameters, which leads to stock assessments for the most data-poor stocks being informed by those for the most data-rich stocks. The method is applied for example purposes to data for nine stocks in Australia's southern and eastern scalefish and shark fishery. The results of the application confirm that results for data-rich stocks are little impacted by being assessed in conjunction with data-poor stocks and that the results for data-poor stocks can be qualitatively different when information for data-rich stocks is taken into account.
Spatial predictions of blue shark (Prionace glauca) catch rate and catch probability of juveniles in the Southwest Atlantic
Authors: Carvalho Felipe C. , Murie Debra J. , Hazin Fábio H. V. , Hazin Humberto G. , Leite-Mourato Bruno , Burgess George H. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractCarvalho, F. C., Murie, D. J., Hazin, F. H. V., Hazin, H. G., Leite-Mourato, B., and Burgess, G. H. 2011. Spatial predictions of blue shark (Prionace glauca) catch rate and catch probability of juveniles in the Southwest Atlantic. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 890–900. Generalized regression analysis and spatial prediction was applied to catch per unit effort (cpue) data for blue shark (Prionace glauca) caught by the Brazilian tuna longline fleet between 1997 and 2008 (43 546 longline sets) to predict the effect of environmental, spatial, and temporal factors on catch distribution. In addition, the size distribution of blue sharks measured by on-board observers during the years 2006–2008 was used to model the proportion of juvenile blue sharks in the catches from a spatial perspective. Latitude was the most important factor influencing blue shark cpue in the Southwest Atlantic, with cpue spatial predictions suggesting two areas of higher catch probabilities. Latitude was also the most important factor influencing the proportion of juveniles in the catches. The spatial prediction map showed that juveniles were more frequently caught south of 35°S (∼38°S). This information can assist in the design of management strategies either to exploit this predictable spatial distribution of the catch or to manage the fisheries in a spatially explicit manner if one component (i.e. juveniles) requires protective measures.