bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphomolecular characterization of invasive fruit borer infesting apple
Authors: Aziz Danishta , Ahad Ishtiyaq , Shah Zahoor Ahmad , Khan Zakir Hussain , Dar Eajaz Ahmad , Alie Bashir Ahmad , Lone Aabid Hussain , Ganie Mumtaz Ahmad , Alkeridis Lamya Ahmed , Al-Shuraym Laila A. , Sayed Samy , Shukry Mustafa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractApple, a vital fruit crop worldwide and a major crop grown in northern parts of India, acts as a backbone for the survival and livelihood of the farming community. However, it is prone to severe damage from insect pests and diseases. In the past few years, due to erratic weather patterns, there has been an alarmingly increased infestation of different insect pests, both invasive and non-invasive, resulting in substantial economic losses to this industry. One similar case was seen in the Himalayan region of India, where the apple crop in Karewas was heavily damaged by some invasive fruit borer, feeding on pulp and making galleries to reach the seed locules, thereby destroying the seed material. To ascertain the true identity of this pest, a study based on morpho-molecular characterization of this pest was carried out in the Faculty of Agriculture, Wadura, SKUAST Kashmir, India, during the years 2021 and 2022. The invasive fruit samples were collected from apple orchards at different locations (experimental sites) in North India by installing delta sticky traps @ 5 traps/ha for moth collection. The fruit-boring larvae and pupa were also collected and reared in confined chambers of the laboratory with controlled temperature and humidity. All the laboratory investigations were conducted at the Division of Entomology, FoA, Wadura, SKUAST Kashmir. During the investigation, it was confirmed that the invasive borer is a codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.), a member of the family Tortricidae, order Lepidoptera, which was earlier having quarantine importance in India, as it was only present in the Ladakh region of India. From the phylogenetic analysis of sample sequences, the species of codling moth present at all experimental sites was more identical to the codling moth sequence from Leh (the northernmost arid region), India. Further, the study of life cycle and voltinism revealed that codling moth completes three generations per year in Kashmir, with a single cycle lasting up to 2.5 months. However, the timing of various generations varies, depending on prevailing weather conditions at specific locations and times. The number of generations completed by codling moth in Kashmir conditions during apple growing season was three full and a half overwintering generations. The study of the life cycle of this important pest was necessary to know the weak link for its effective management and to prevent the economic loss in apple fruit.
Determinants of echocardiographic epicardial adipose tissue in a general middle-aged population - The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study
Authors: Gustafsson Behnoush , Rovio Suvi P. , Ruohonen Saku , Hutri-Kähönen Nina , Kähönen Mika , Viikari Jorma S. A. , Pahkala Katja , Raitakari Olli T. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEpicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is the cardiac visceral fat depot proposed to play a role in the etiology of various cardiovascular disease outcomes. Little is known about EAT determinants in a general population. We examined cardiometabolic, dietary, lifestyle and socioeconomic determinants of echocardiograpghically measured EAT in early adulthood. Data on cardiometabolic, dietary, lifestyle and socioeconomic factors were collected from participants of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study (YFS; N = 1667; age 34–49 years). EAT thickness was measured from parasternal long axis echocardiograms. Multivariable regression analysis was used to study potential EAT determinants. Possible effect modification of sex was addressed. Mean EAT thickness was 4.07 mm (95% CI 4.00–4.17). Multivariable analysis [β indicating percentage of change in EAT(mm) per one unit increase in determinant variable] indicated female sex (β = 11.0, P < 0.0001), type 2 diabetes (β = 14.0, P = 0.02), waist circumference (cm) (β = 0.38, P < 0.0001), systolic blood pressure (mmHg) (β = 0.18, P = 0.02) and red meat intake (g/day) (β = 0.02, P = 0.05) as EAT determinants. Sex-specific analysis revealed age (year) (β = 0.59, P = 0.01), alcohol intake (drinks/day) (β = 4.69, P = 0.006), heavy drinking (yes/no) (β = 30.4, P < 0.0001) as EAT determinants in women and fruit intake (g/day) (β = −1.0, P = 0.04) in men. In the YFS cohort, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure and red meat intake were directly associated with EAT among all participants. In women, age, alcohol intake, heavy drinking and type 2 diabetes associated directly with EAT, while an inverse association was observed between fruit intake and EAT in men.
Investigating topic modeling techniques through evaluation of topics discovered in short texts data across diverse domains
Authors: Muthusami R. , Mani Kandan N. , Saritha K. , Narenthiran B. , Nagaprasad N. , Ramaswamy Krishnaraj 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe online channel has affected many facets of an individual's identity, commercial, social policy, and culture, among others. It implies that discovering the topics on which these brief writings are focused, as well as examining the qualities of these short texts is critical. Another key issue that has been identified is the evaluation of newly discovered topics in terms of topic quality, which includes topic separation and coherence. A topic modeling method has been shown to be an outstanding aid in the linguistic interpretation of quite tiny texts. Based on the underlying strategy, topic models are divided into two categories: probabilistic methods and non-probabilistic methods. In this research, short texts are analyzed using topic models, including latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) for probabilistic topic modeling and non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) for non-probabilistic topic modeling. A novel approach for topic evaluation is used, such as clustering methods and silhouette analysis on both models, to investigate performance in terms of quality. The experiment results indicate that the proposed evaluation method outperforms on both LDA and NMF.
Bio-stimulating effect of endophytic Aspergillus flavus AUMC 16068 and its respective ex-polysaccharides in lead stress tolerance of Triticum aestivum plant
Authors: EL-khawaga Hend A. , Mustafa Abeer E. , El khawaga Maie A. , Mahfouz Amira Y. , Daigham Ghadir E. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHeavy metal accumulation is one of the major agronomic challenges that has seriously threatened food safety. As a result, metal-induced phytotoxicity concerns require quick and urgent action to retain and maintain the physiological activities of microorganisms, the nitrogen pool of soils, and the continuous yields of wheat in a constantly worsening environment. The current study was conducted to evaluate the plant growth-promoting endophytic Aspergillus flavus AUMC 16,068 and its EPS for improvement of plant growth, phytoremediation capacity, and physiological consequences on wheat plants (Triticum aestivum) under lead stress. After 60 days of planting, the heading stage of wheat plants, data on growth metrics, physiological properties, minerals content, and lead content in wheat root, shoot, and grains were recorded. Results evoked that lead pollution reduced wheat plants’ physiological traits as well as growth at all lead stress concentrations; however, inoculation with lead tolerant endophytic A. flavus AUMC 16,068 and its respective EPS alleviated the detrimental impact of lead on the plants and promoted the growth and physiological characteristics of wheat in lead-contaminated conditions and also lowering oxidative stress through decreasing (CAT, POD, and MDA), in contrast to plants growing in the un-inoculated lead polluted dealings. In conclusion, endophytic A. flavus AUMC 16,068 spores and its EPS are regarded as eco-friendly, safe, and powerful inducers of wheat plants versus contamination with heavy metals, with a view of protecting plant, soil, and human health.
Key features of blend denim fabrics performance with dyed weft silk yarn and different weave structures
Authors: Youssef Yehya , Mousa Abdalla , Kafafy Hany , Hamouda Tamer , Abo El-Ola Samiha 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis research aimed to weave the warp indigo-dyed cotton yarn with un-dyed or dyed silk yarn and analyze the impact of different weft yarn structures on the properties of denim fabrics. The dyed silk yarn was performed by a selection of different anionic indigo and non-indigo blue dyestuffs. The dyeing shades of the anionic Indigo Carmine dye on silk exhibited high build-up at the acidic pH range 2–2.5 with poor washing fastness and even so, the cationic aftertreatment of the dyed silk samples showed un-matched color with indigo-dyed cotton yarns. The dyeing properties of two commercial non-indigo reactive and acid dyes on silk add other advantages. To ascertain the dyeing shades evaluation of the non-indigo dyes on silk, two sets of blended denim fabrics were investigated. The first set included a weft-wise silk yarn dyed with reactive dye RB 5, and the second set included silk yarns dyed with acid dye AB 193. Weaving of the blended fabrics was carried out in Twill 3/1, 3/2 Z,and Satin 53 patterns and exhibited significant color effects of the dyed silk yarns to those of the un-dyed control samples. The dyeing shades of the non-indigo RB 5 and AB 193 dyed weft-wise silk yarns were found to be matched in color performance with the conventionally indigo- dyed cotton yarns. Ultraviolet resistance of the blend denim fabrics was evaluated, showing significant improvement in UPF of the weft-wise dyed silk. The study claimed that the dyed silk yarns a good candidate for newly developed blend denim fabrics.
Exposure to an enriched environment modulates the synaptic vesicle cycle in a mouse spinal cord injury model
Authors: Yoo Jeehyun , Shin Ji Cheol , Lim Kil-Byung , Kim Se Hoon , Kim Hyun Seok , Kim Sung Hoon , Baek Dawoon , Jo Seongmoon , Kim Jinyoung , Baek Ahreum , Cho Sung-Rae 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) leads to motor and sensory impairment below the site of injury, thereby necessitating rehabilitation. An enriched environment (EE) increases social interaction and locomotor activity in a mouse model, similar to human rehabilitation. However, the impact of EE on presynaptic plasticity in gene expression levels remains unclear. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of EE in an SCI mouse model. Mice with spinal cord contusion were divided into two groups: those housed in standard cages (control) and those in EE conditions (EE). Each group was housed separately for either 2- or 8-weeks post-injury, after which RNA sequencing was performed and compared to a sham group (receiving only a dorsal laminectomy). The synaptic vesicle cycle (SVC) pathway and related genes showed significant downregulation after SCI at both time points. Subsequently, we investigated whether exposure to EE for 2- and 8-weeks post-SCI could modulate the SVC pathway and its related genes. Notably, exposure to EE for 8 weeks resulted in a marked reversal effect of SVC-related gene expression, along with stimulation of axon regeneration and mitigation of locomotor activity loss. Thus, prolonged exposure to EE increased presynaptic activity, fostering axon regeneration and functional improvement by modulating the SVC in the SCI mouse model. These findings suggest that EE exposure proves effective in inducing activity-dependent plasticity, offering a promising therapeutic approach akin to rehabilitation training in patients with SCI.
Occupational exposure, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment of formaldehyde in the pathology labs of hospitals in Iran
Authors: Foroughi Parvin , Golbabaei Farideh , Sadeghi-Yarandi Mohsen , Yaseri Mehdi , Fooladi Mahta , Kalantary Saba 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFormaldehyde, a known carcinogenic compound, is commonly used in various medical settings. The objective of this study was to assess the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks associated with occupational exposure to formaldehyde. This study was conducted in the pathology labs of four hospitals in Tehran. Cancer and non-cancer risks were evaluated using the quantitative risk assessment method proposed by the United States environmental protection agency (USEPA), along with its provided database known as the integrated risk information system (IRIS). Respiratory symptoms were assessed using the American thoracic society (ATS) questionnaire. The results indicated that 91.23% of exposure levels in occupational groups exceed the NIOSH standard of 0.016 ppm. Regarding carcinogenic risk, 41.03% of all the studied subjects were in the definite carcinogenic risk range (LCR > 10−4), 23.08% were in the possible carcinogenic risk range (10−5 < LCR < 10−4), and 35.90% were in the negligible risk range (LCR < 10−6). The highest index of occupational carcinogenesis was observed in the group of lab technicians with a risk number of 3.7 × 10−4, followed by pathologists with a risk number of 1.7 × 10−4. Furthermore, 23.08% of the studied subjects were within the permitted health risk range (HQ < 1.0), while 76.92% were within the unhealthy risk range (HQ > 1.0). Overall, the findings revealed significantly higher carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks among lab technicians and pathologists. Therefore, it is imperative to implement control measures across various hospital departments to mitigate occupational formaldehyde exposure levels proactively. These findings can be valuable for policymakers in the health sector, aiding in the elimination or reduction of airborne formaldehyde exposure in work environments.
Meta learning based residual network for industrial production quality prediction with limited data
Authors: Shi Yiguan , Cao Yazhao , Chen Yong , Zhang Longjie 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDue to the challenge of collecting a substantial amount of production-quality data in real-world industrial settings, the implementation of production quality prediction models based on deep learning is not effective. To achieve the goal of predicting production quality with limited data and address the issue of model degradation in the training process of deep learning networks, we propose Meta-Learning based on Residual Network (MLRN) models for production quality prediction with limited data. Firstly, the MLRN model is trained on a variety of learning tasks to acquire knowledge for predicting production quality. Furthermore, to obtain more features with limited data and avoid the issues of gradient disappearing or exploding in deep network training, the enhanced residual network with the effective channel attention (ECA) mechanism is chosen as the basic network structure of MLRN. Additionally, a multi-batch and multi-task data input approach is implemented to prevent overfitting. Finally, the availability of the MLRN model is demonstrated by comparing it with other models using both numerical and graphical datasets.
Palladium doped PDA-coated hercynite as a highly efficient catalyst for mild hydrogenation of nitroareness
Authors: Beheshti Somaye , Motavalizadehkakhky Alireza , Zhiani Rahele , Nouri Seyed Mohammad Mahdi , Zahedi Ehsan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHercynite magnetic nanoparticles were produced through the co-precipitation of ferrous and aluminum cations. The surface of hercynite was respectively coated with silica, 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine, and 1H-pyrazole-3,5-dicarboxylic acid to provide a suitable substrate for Pd(II) loading, furnishing Pd@Her-TCT-PDA. Subsequently, the introduced Pd(II) was reduced to Pd(0) using NaBH4. FT-IR, EDS, XRD, TGA, TEM and SEM images were the characteristic methods to prove the success of catalyst synthesis. The SEM image illustrated the particles with a nanosize of 25–50 nm and TEM image confirmed the presence of Pd nanoparticles with sizes lower than 2 nm. EDS elemental analysis of the catalyst proved the existence of Pd, Fe, and Al atoms along with the C, O, N, and Si atoms belong to the heterocyclic moieties. VSM analysis clarified a considerable drop in the magnetic properties of the hercynite core of the final catalyst due to its modified surface. TGA curve demonstrated that Pd@Her-TCT-PDA contains 20% organic content, attributed to the anchored heterocyclic ligands. Finally, Pd@Her-TCT-PDA was employed along with NaBH4 as a catalytic system to reduce completely the nitro group of aromatic compounds to their corresponding amines. The recyclability tests showed low drop in the catalytic activity of Pd@Her-TCT-PDA after third run with negligible leaching of Pd NPs.
Freshwater mussels prefer a diet of stramenopiles and fungi over bacteria
Authors: Maggard Isabella J. , Deel Kayla B. , Etoll Tina W. , Sproles Rachael C. , Lane Tim W. , Cahoon A. Bruce 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFreshwater mussels (Mollusca: Unionidae) play a crucial role in freshwater river environments where they live in multi-species aggregations and often serve as long-lived benthic ecosystem engineers. Many of these species are imperiled and it is imperative that we understand their basic needs to aid in the reestablishment and maintenance of mussel beds in rivers. In an effort to expand our knowledge of the diet of these organisms, five species of mussel were introduced into enclosed systems in two experiments. In the first, mussels were incubated in water from the Clinch River (Virginia, USA) and in the second, water from a manmade pond at the Commonwealth of Virginia’s Aquatic Wildlife Conservation Center in Marion, VA. Quantitative PCR and eDNA metabarcoding were used to determine which planktonic microbes were present before and after the introduction of mussels into each experimental system. It was found that all five species preferentially consumed microeukaryotes over bacteria. Most microeukaryotic taxa, including Stramenopiles and Chlorophytes were quickly consumed by all five mussel species. We also found that they consumed fungi but not as quickly as the microalgae, and that one species of mussel, Ortmanniana pectorosa, consumed bacteria but only after preferred food sources were depleted. Our results provide evidence that siphon feeding Unionid mussels can select preferred microbes from mixed plankton, and mussel species exhibit dietary niche differentiation.
Eye-tracking evidence of a relationship between attentional bias for emotional faces and depression severity in patients with treatment-resistant depression
Authors: Imbert Laetitia , Neige Cécilia , Moirand Rémi , Piva Giulia , Bediou Benoit , Vallet William , Brunelin Jerome 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn a retrospective study, 54 patients with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (TRD) completed a free-viewing task in which they had to freely explore pairs of faces (an emotional face (happy or sad) opposite to a neutral face). Attentional bias to emotional faces was calculated for early and sustained attention. We observed a significant negative correlation between depression severity as measured by the 10-item Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and sustained attention to happy faces. In addition, we observed a positive correlation between depression severity and sustained attention to sad faces. No significant correlation between depression severity and early attention was found for either happy or sad faces. Although conclusions from the current study are limited by the lack of comparison with a control group, the eye-tracking free-viewing task appears to be a relevant, accessible and easy-to-use tool for measuring depression severity through emotional attentional biases in TRD.
Learning about successfully implemented sustainability policies abroad increases support for sustainable domestic policies
Authors: Mackin Matejas , Spelman Trevor , Waytz Adam 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAnthropogenic climate change poses an existential threat to life on Earth, hastening the need to generate support for sustainability policies. Four preregistered studies (total N = 2524) tested whether informing United States citizens about the successful implementation of sustainability policies abroad increased support for similar domestic policies. Studies 1 and 2 found that learning about the successful implementation of sustainability policies (reducing automobile use, using wind energy) abroad increased (1) support for similar domestic policies, (2) intentions to modify behavior to facilitate the adoption of sustainability policies, and (3) behavioral support for sustainability policies. Study 3 found that learning about sustainability policies in both WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic) (France) and non-WEIRD (Colombia) countries increased support for similar domestic policies. Study 4 found that learning about sustainability policies abroad increased support for domestic policy proposals that would impact participants’ city of residence. Overall, these findings suggest that educating citizens about the implementation of sustainability policies abroad can bolster support for domestic policies that combat climate change.
Comparison of early visual outcomes after SMILE using VISUMAX 800 and VISUMAX 500 for myopia: a retrospective matched case–control study
Authors: Yoo Tae Keun , Kim Dongyoung , Kim Jung Soo , Kim Hee Sun , Ryu Ik Hee , Lee In Sik , Kim Jin Kuk , Na Kun-Hoo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractVISUMAX 800 was introduced to improve the patient experience and clinical outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). This was a retrospective, matched, and case–control study (1:2) controlled for preoperative central corneal thickness and refractive error that compared early refractive and visual outcomes after SMILE using VISUMAX 800 and VISUMAX 500 to treat myopia. We included 50 eyes that underwent the VISUMAX 800 SMILE and 100 eyes that underwent the VISUMAX 500 SMILE. SMILE using VISUMAX 800 was performed using the CentraLign aid for vertex centration. Cyclotorsion was controlled by an OcuLign assistant in the VISUMAX 800 group after corneal marking. Corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) were evaluated using a Pentacam 1 month after surgery. No differences were observed in the pre- and post-operative refractive and visual outcomes at 1 day, 1 month, and 6 months after surgery. VISUMAX 800 induced less total HOAs than VISUMAX 500 (P = 0.036). No statistically significant differences were observed in the amounts of induced spherical aberrations or vertical and horizontal comas. No differences were observed in the 1 month and 6 months refractive and visual outcomes between two SMILE procedures, except for VISUMAX 800, which resulted in lower postoperative total HOAs than VISUMAX 500.