bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of coated thermo‐regulating textiles using Rubitherm‐RT31 microcapsules
Authors: Sánchez‐Silva Luz , Rodríguez Juan F. , Romero Amaya , Sánchez Paula 
Published: December 2011

AbstractSpherical microcapsules with a 49 wt % of Rubitherm® RT31 were successfully synthesized by means of suspension‐like polymerization to be used for textile applications in summer conditions. Microcapsules were fixed into seven fabric substrates for different textile applications by a coating technique without deteriorating original functionalities of the textiles. Thermal performance of different coated textiles with 35 wt % of microcapsules was evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and infrared thermography (IR) techniques and the physical characteristics of textiles with thermo‐regulating properties were examined by environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). It was observed that all treated textile substrates allow to obtain thermo‐regulating properties with acceptable latent heat storage capacities. Results also indicated that the presence of microcapsules containing Rubitherm® RT31 produces a significant thermal insulation effect during a cold to warm transition (20–45°C). Thus, this kind of microcapsules can be used to obtain textiles with thermal comfort‐related properties. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Preparation of dynamically vulcanized thermoplastic elastomer nanocomposites based on LLDPE/reclaimed rubber
Authors: Razmjooei Fatemeh , Naderi Ghasem , Bakhshandeh Gholamreza 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDynamically vulcanized thermoplastic elastomers nanocomposites (TPV nanocomposites) based on linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE)/reclaimed rubber/organoclay were prepared via one‐step melt blending process. Maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene (PE‐g‐MA) was used as a compatibilizing agent. The effects of reclaimed rubber content (10, 30, and 50 wt %), nanoclay content (3, 5, and 7 wt %), and PE‐g‐MA on the microstructure, thermal behavior, mechanical properties, and rheological behavior of the nanocomposites were studied. The TPV nanocomposites were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimeter, mechanical properties, and rheometry in small amplitude oscillatory shear. SEM photomicrographs of the etched samples showed that the elastomer particles were dispersed homogeneously throughout the polyethylene matrix and the size of rubber particles was reduced with introduction of the organoclay particles and compatibilizer. The effects of different nanoclay contents, different rubber contents, and compatibilizer on mechanical properties were investigated. Increasing the amount of nanoclay content and adding the compatibilizer result in an improvement of the tensile modulus of the TPV nanocomposite samples. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Hydrolysis of SnCl2 on polyaniline: Formation of conducting PAni‐SnO2 composite with enhanced electrochemical properties
Authors: Rao Chepuri R. K. , Vijayan M. , Anwar Shahid , Jeyakumar D. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractFirst time in the literature, we report that polyaniline‐EB can be doped by SnCl2 to give conducting SnO2 doped polyaniline novel material. The composite is characterized by Fourier transform infrared, ultraviolet‐visible, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron micrograph, transmission electron microscopy, and electrochemical methods. The new composite exhibited improved electrochemical properties compared with the virgin polymer. The composite is also expected for its high sensitivity for recognizing volatile organic compounds. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Clinical evaluation of polyethersulfone high‐flux hemodialysis membrane compared to other membranes
Authors: Su Bai‐Hai , Shi Yunying , Fu Ping , Tao Ye , Nie Shengqiang , Zhao Chang‐Sheng 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIn this study, the blood compatibility and performance of a new polyethersulfone (PES) high‐flux hemodialysis membrane were clinically investigated, and compared with two commercial high‐flux membranes, polysulfone (PSF) and polyamide (PA) membranes. The structure of the membranes was observed by scanning electron microscopy, and the membrane structure showed significant difference among the three membranes. However, there was no significant difference (no statistical difference, P > 0.05) in the solute clearance and the reduction ratio for small molecules (urea, creatinine, and phosphate) and middle molecule β2‐microglobulin. The changes of total bilirubin (TBIL) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) for the PES and PSF membranes showed no significant differences, both the TBIL and DBIL levels slightly increased compared to the initial levels. However, for the PA membrane, the TBIL and AST levels decreased obviously. The PES hollow fiber membrane hemodialyzer was effective and safe for the treatment of uremic patients, and the performances of PES, PSF and PA high‐flux hemodialysis membranes are comparable. The PES and PSF membranes showed similar blood compatibility and solute clearance, and might be better than the PA membrane. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Effect of air blowing on the morphology and nanofiber properties of blowing‐assisted electrospun polycarbonates
Authors: Hsiao Hung‐Yi , Huang Chao‐Ming , Liu Yi‐Yu , Kuo Yu‐Cheng , Chen Hui 
Published: December 2011

AbstractPolycarbonate (PC) nanofibers are prepared using the air blowing‐assisted electrospinning process. The effects of air blowing pressure and PC solution concentration on the physical properties of fibers and the filtration performance of the nanofiber web are investigated. The air blowing‐assisted electrospinning process produces fewer beads and smaller nanofiber diameters compared with those obtained without air blowing. Uniform PC nanofibers with an average fiber diameter of about 0.170 μm are obtained using an applied voltage of 40 kV, an air blowing pressure of 0.3 MPa, a PC solution concentration of 16%, and a tip‐to‐collection‐screen distance (TCD) of 25 cm. The filtration efficiency improvement of the air blowing‐assisted electrospun web can be attributed to the narrow distribution of fiber diameter and small mean flow pore size of the electrospun web. Performance results show that the air blowing‐assisted electrospinning process can be applied to produce PC nanofiber mats with high‐quality filtration. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae for efficient anaerobic xylose fermentation: Reflections and perspectives
Authors: Cai Zhen , Zhang Bo , Li Yin 
Published: December 2011

AbstractConversion of the abundant lignocellulosic biomass into ethanol is an environmentally sustainable solution to the energy crisis. Fermentation of lignocellulosic hydrolysates by Saccharomyces cerevisiae is not cost‐effective yet as substantial amounts of xylose in the hydrolysates cannot be utilized by native S. cerevisiae strains. Extensive studies including both metabolic and evolutionary engineering have been carried out to develop an efficient xylose‐fermenting S. cerevisiae strain, yet the ethanol yield and productivity from xylose fermentation of the best one are still far below expectation. This review compares the engineering approaches and resulted anaerobic xylose fermentation performance of recently reported xylose‐utilizing S. cerevisiae strains, with the aim to understand the intrinsic reason for their low xylose fermentation capabilities. These comparative analyses revealed that some of the current engineering targets and the so‐called “hot issues” might be overrated. Our opinions on the underrated parts and future efforts in this field are also presented. Overall, this review serves as a comprehensive reference to understanding xylose fermentation by S. cerevisiae.
Left‐ventricular outflow tract ventricular‐tachycardia event following corevalve transcatheter aortic‐valve implantation
Authors: Dvir Danny , Haim Moti , Kornowski Ran 
Published: December 2011

AbstractWe describe a patient with severe aortic stenosis who underwent CoreValve (Medtronic) implantation and presented several days later with a tachyarrhythmic episode. The electrocardiographic features of the arrhythmia were compatible with left‐ventricular outflow tract ventricular‐tachycardia. The life‐threatening event was not associated with ischemia or an electrolyte disorder and was not drug‐induced. A probable cause was the irritation of the myocardium by the prosthetic valve. Clinicians should be aware that the presence of anatomical parameters that increases the risk for myocardial injury and the need for pacemaker implantation might indicate an increased risk of a tachyarrhythmic episode. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparison of Two Rotor Bearing Systems for Blood Pumps
Authors: Hofmann Til M. , Mudimu Ompe Aime , Brauner Florian , Strauß Andreas 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBei einer akuten Erkrankung oder Fehlfunktion der Lunge zählt für den Patienten jede Sekunde. Die künstliche Aufrechterhaltung des Gasaustauschs sowie der Blutzirkulation gehört im stationären Bereich bei Operationen und chronischen Erkrankungen zum Stand von Wissenschaft und Technik. Allerdings gibt es kein geeignetes System für die Notfallrettung. Aus diesem Grund soll ein System entwickelt werden, das den Anforderungen für den Einsatz im Rettungsdienst in Gewicht und Kompaktheit entspricht. Zwei Rotorlagersysteme für Blutpumpen wurden mit Wasser und Schweineblut getestet und an mittels experimentell ermittelter Pumpenkennfelder verglichen.
Pervaporative enrichment of 2,3‐butanediol from its mixture with 1‐butanol using a polydimethylsiloxane and ZSM‐5 mixed matrix membrane: Effects of ethanol as a by‐product
Authors: Shao Pinghai , Kumar Ashwani 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA ZSM‐5 filled polydimethylsiloxane membrane with 44.4 wt.% zeolite loading was used in the pervaporative removal of 1‐butanol from its mixtures with 1‐butanol. A small quantity of ethanol was added to the feed as a by‐product to test the response of the membrane. It was found that the permeation behaviour of other feed components was changed and membrane selectivity decreased. This change was attributed to the frequently‐observed inter‐component coupled transport in multi‐component feed systems. The impact of ethanol on recovery of 2,3‐butanediol was evaluated using a simulated continuous operation, which enriched 2,3‐butanediol to 99.5 wt.% from a feed containing 5 wt.% 2,3‐butanediol and less than 1.0 wt.% ethanol. It was observed that membrane selectivity improves as ethanol concentration decreases in the stream due to its preferential removal. The final recovery of 2,3‐butanediol was not significantly reduced as the concentration of ethanol was below 1.0 wt.%. © 2011 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering
Productivity of GPUs under different programming paradigms
Authors: Malik Maria , Li Teng , Sharif Umar , Shahid Rabia , El‐Ghazawi Tarek , Newby Greg 
Published: December 2011

SUMMARYGraphical processing units have been gaining rising attention because of their high performance processing capabilities for many scientific and engineering applications. However, programming such highly parallel devices requires adequate programming tools. Many such programming tools have emerged and hold the promise for high levels of performance. Some of such tools may require specialized parallel programming skills, while others attempt to target the domain scientist. The costs versus the benefits out of such tools are often unclear. In this work we examine the use of several of these programming tools such as Compute Unified Device Architecture, Open Compute Language, Portland Group Inc., and MATLAB in developing kernels from the (NAS) NASA Advanced Supercomputing parallel benchmarking suite. The resulting performance as well as the needed programmers' efforts were quantified and used to characterize the productivity of graphical processing units using these different programming paradigms. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Metal Complexes Based on Tetrathiafulvalene‐Fused π‐Extended Schiff Base Ligands – Syntheses, Characterization, and Properties
Authors: Qin Jie , Qian Chen‐Xi , Zhou Nan , Zhu Rong‐Mei , Li Yi‐Zhi , Zuo Jing‐Lin , You Xiao‐Zeng 
Published: December 2011

Abstractπ‐Conjugated tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)‐based donors with a monoamine moiety, 2‐[4,5‐bis(methylthio)‐1,3‐dithiol‐2‐ylidene]‐1,3‐benzodithiol‐5‐amine (La) and 2‐(5,6‐dihydro[1,3]dithiolo[4,5‐b][1,4]dithiin‐2‐ylidene)‐1,3‐benzodithiol‐5‐amine (Lb), have been synthesized. Condensation of the TTF amines with different pyridinecarbaldehydes afforded new TTF‐fused π‐extended Schiff base ligands, La‐imine‐4‐pyridyl (L1), La‐imine‐3‐pyridyl (L2), and Lb‐imine‐2‐pyridyl (L3). Four metal complexes based on these Schiff base pyridine ligands, M(hfac)2(L)2 (M = CuII, L = L1, 4; M = MnII, L = L1, 5; M = CuII, L = L2, 6; hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetonate) and [Re(CO)4(L3)][Re2(CO)6Cl3] (7), have been synthesized and structurally characterized. The ligands in all of the complexes show a near planar structure, and the different coordination modes of the metal ions and relative orientation of the terminal N donors result in a different crystalline organization in the solid state. The absorption spectra and redox behavior of these new compounds have been studied. These paramagnetic complexes are promising building blocks for the construction of multifunctional materials due to their planar structures and inherent redox properties.
Tissue plasminogen activator induces microglial inflammation via a noncatalytic molecular mechanism involving activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinases and Akt signaling pathways and AnnexinA2 and Galectin‐1 receptors
Authors: Pineda David , AmpurdanÉS Coral , Medina Manel G. , Serratosa Joan , Tusell Josep Maria , Saura Josep , Planas Anna M. , Navarro Pilar 
Published: December 2011

AbstractInflammatory responses mediated by glial cells play a critical role in many pathological situations related to neurodegeneration such as Alzheimer's disease. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is a serine protease which best‐known function is fibrinolysis, but it is also involved in many other physiological and pathological events as microglial activation. Here, we found that tPA is required for Aβ‐mediated microglial inflammatory response and tumor necrosis factor‐α release. We further investigated the molecular mechanism responsible for tPA‐mediated microglial activation. We found that tPA induces a catalytic‐independent rapid and sustained activation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK), Akt, and p38 signaling pathways. Inhibition of ERK1/2 and JNK resulted in a strong inhibition of microglial activation, whereas Akt inhibition led to increased inflammatory response, suggesting specific functions for each signaling pathway in the regulation of microglial activation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that AnnexinA2 and Galectin‐1 receptors are involved in tPA signaling and inflammatory response in glial cells. This study provides new evidences supporting that tPA plays a cytokine‐like role in glial activation by triggering receptor‐mediated intracellular signaling circuits and opens new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of neurological disorders in which neuroinflammation plays a pathogenic role. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Low‐dose probenecid selectively inhibits urinary excretion of phenolsulfonphthalein in rats without affecting biliary excretion
Authors: Shin Yong‐Jun , Lee Joo Hyun , Oh Ju‐Hee , Lee Young‐Joo 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTRenal organic anion transport systems play an important role in the excretion of anionic drugs and toxic compounds. Probenecid has been used as a potent inhibitor of urinary and biliary excretion of anionic compounds mediated by transporters such as organic anion transporters and multidrug resistance‐associated protein 2 (Mrp2). The purpose of this study was to optimize the dose of probenecid required for selective inhibition of urinary excretion of anionic compounds in rats, without inhibition of biliary excretion. Phenolsulfonphthalein (PSP), a model anionic compound that is excreted in urine and bile, was intravenously administered to rats after intraperitoneal injection of different doses of probenecid (0, 0.2, 2, 10, 100, 200 and 400 mg kg−1). Treatment with 100, 200 or 400 mg kg−1 probenecid decreased both renal clearance (CLr) and biliary clearance (CLb) of PSP, whereas 0.2 mg kg−1 probenecid did not have any effect. Probenecid administered at doses of 2 and 10 mg kg−1 decreased only CLr. The median effective doses of probenecid for inhibiting CLr and CLb were 0.925 and 23.9 mg kg−1, respectively. These data suggest that a low dose of probenecid selectively inhibits urinary excretion of PSP that may be mediated by organic anion transporters, without affecting biliary excretion that may be mediated by Mrp2. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Potential toxic effects of iron oxide nanoparticles in in vivo and in vitro experiments
Authors: Szalay Brigitta , Tátrai Erzsébet , Nyírő Gábor , Vezér Tünde , Dura Gyula 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to determine the potential toxic effects of iron(II,III)oxide nanoparticles (IONPs). In in vivo experiments, the toxic effects of IONPs were monitored in adult male Wistar rats by morphological methods after a single intratracheal instillation. For the control group 1 ml of physiological saline per animal was given, and the treatment group received the same volume of a suspension containing 1 and 5 mg kg−1 body weight IONPs. Lungs and internal organs underwent histopathological examination after 1, 3, 7, 14 and 30 days. The mutagenic effect of these nanoparticles was evaluated by the bacterial reverse mutation assay on Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535 and TA1537 strains, and on Escherichia coli WP2uvrA strain, in the presence and absence of the mammalian metabolic activation system S9. The in vitro cytotoxic effect of IONPs was also examined in Vero cells after short‐term (4 h) and long‐term (24 h) exposure. There were no pathological changes in examined internal organs, except a very weak pulmonary fibrosis developing by the end of the first month in the treated rats. While in vitro MTT assay showed a moderate cytotoxic effect, IONPs proved to be devoid of mutagenic effect in the bacterial systems tested. The results may be a useful extension of our knowledge on the safety of magnetite nanoparticles in view of their possible medical applications, such as in hyperthermia and magnetic resonance imaging. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
InBr3‐ and AgOTf‐catalyzed beckmann rearrangement of (E)‐benzoheterocyclic oximes
Authors: Tandon Vishnu K. , Awasthi Anoop K. , Maurya Hardesh K. , Mishra Pushyamitra 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBeckmann rearrangement of (E)‐4‐chromanone oxime, (E)‐5‐oximino‐3,4‐dihydro‐1(2H)‐benzoxepines, and (E)‐5‐oximino‐3,4‐dihydro‐1(2H)‐benzothiepine are catalyzed by InBr3 and AgOTf in refluxing acetonitrile resulting in the formation of pharmaceutically active heterocycles benzoxazepin‐4‐one, 5‐oxo‐benzoxazocines, and 5‐oxo‐benzothiazocine derivative, respectively, in excellent yield. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2012).
Encapsulation is a significant prognostic factor for better outcome in large hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wu Tsung‐Han , Yu Ming‐Chin , Chen Tse‐Ching , Lee Chen‐Fang , Chan Kun‐Ming , Wu Ting‐Jung , Chou Hong‐Shiue , Lee Wei‐Chen , Chen Miin‐Fu 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of tumor encapsulation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on long‐term survival.MethodsA retrospective review of 1,240 patients who underwent hepatectomy from January 1993 to June 2005 was conducted. There were 891 patients with tumor encapsulation (EC type) and 349 patients without tumor encapsulation (NC type). Clinicopathological factors, surgical outcome, and long‐term survival were analyzed.ResultsDisease‐free survival (DFS) was affected by surgical margin involvement, the presence of surgical complications, vascular invasion, liver cirrhosis, tumor encapsulation, tumor size >5 cm, tumor rupture, and the presence of satellite lesions (all, P < 0.05). Overall survival (OS) was also affected by the same parameters, except for satellite lesions. When the patients were grouped by tumor size >5 or ≤5 cm, the protective effect of encapsulation was only observed when the tumor size was >5 cm [odds ratio (OR) for DFS = 0.75, P = 0.02; OR for OS = 0.68, P < 0.01].ConclusionsTumor encapsulation is a significant prognostic factor for HCC >5 cm. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 105:85–90. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Military to civilian questionnaire: A measure of postdeployment community reintegration difficulty among veterans using Department of Veterans Affairs medical care
Authors: Sayer Nina A. , Frazier Patricia , Orazem Robert J. , Murdoch Maureen , Gravely Amy , Carlson Kathleen F. , Hintz Samuel , Noorbaloochi Siamak 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe primary objective of this study was to describe the development, reliability, and construct validity of scores on the Military to Civilian Questionnaire (M2C‐Q), a 16‐item self‐report measure of postdeployment community reintegration difficulty. We surveyed a national, stratified sample of 1,226 Iraq and Afghanistan veterans who used U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) medical care; 745 completed the M2C‐Q and validated mental health screening measures. All analyses were based on weighted estimates. The internal consistency of the M2C‐Q was .95 in this sample. Factor analyses indicated a single total score was the best‐fitting model. Total scores were associated with measures theoretically related to reintegration difficulties including perception of overall difficulty readjusting back into civilian life (R2 = .49), probable PTSD (d = 1.07), probable problem drug or alcohol use (d = 0.34), and overall mental health (r = −.83). Subgroup analyses revealed a similar pattern of findings in those who screened negative for PTSD. Nonwhite and unemployed veterans reported greater community reintegration difficulty (d = 0.20 and 0.45, respectively). Findings offer preliminary support for the reliability and construct validity of M2C‐Q scores.
Habitat as a potential factor limiting the recovery of a population of nocturnal seabirds
Authors: Major Heather L. , Lemon Moira J. F. , Hipfner J. Mark 
Published: December 2011

AbstractWe asked whether the lack of a population response by ancient murrelets (Synthliboramphus antiquus) to eradication of rats (Rattusspp.) at Langara Island could be due to a change in vegetative cover. We quantified ancient murrelet habitat associations on 12 islands and assessed changes in vegetation at Langara Island between 1981 and 2007. We found that ancient murrelets exhibit a high degree of flexibility in their use of available breeding habitats, and we noted no changes over time. Thus, recovery of ancient murrelets at Langara Island is unlikely to be limited by habitat quality. We propose artificial social attraction as a method to speed recovery. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.