bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activation of CXCR7 receptor promotes oligodendroglial cell maturation
Authors: Göttle Peter , Kremer David , Jander Sebastian , Ödemis Veysel , Engele Jürgen , Hartung Hans‐Peter , Küry Patrick 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjective:Differentiation of oligodendroglial precursor cells is crucial for central nervous system (re)myelination and is influenced by multiple extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Chemokines, a group of small proteins, are highly conserved among mammals and have been implicated in a variety of biological processes during development, tissue homeostasis, and repair. We investigated whether the chemokine CXCL12 influences oligodendrocytes and what cellular differentiation/maturation processes are controlled by this molecule.Methods:Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis was induced using myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein. Immunostainings and quantitative gene expression analysis were used to study expression of the 2 currently known CXCL12 receptors on oligodendroglial cells. Stimulation of cultured primary oligodendroglial precursor cells was performed to determine the impact of the ligand/receptor interaction on morphological maturation and on myelin expression. Blocking and suppression experiments were conducted to reveal the identity of the transmitting receptor.Results:This analysis revealed the presence of CXCR4 as well as CXCR7 and that cellular maturation in vivo and in vitro is accompanied by upregulation of CXCR7 and downregulation of CXCR4. Of note, in the diseased demyelinating central nervous system, CXCR7 expression is maintained on oligodendroglial cells, whereas CXCR4 could not be detected. We then demonstrated that CXCL12 stimulation promotes morphological maturation of cultured primary oligodendrocyte precursor cells as well as their myelin expression. Pharmacological inhibition of the CXCR7 receptor was shown to block CXCL12‐dependent effects entirely.Interpretation:Our findings suggest that a specific activation of the CXCR7 receptor could provide a means to promote oligodendroglial differentiation in the diseased or injured central nervous system. Ann Neurol 2010
Preparation and characterization of poly(styrene‐co‐divinylbenzene)/fiberglass cation‐exchange composites
Authors: Huang Li , Liu Hao , Wang Chengzhong 
Published: November 2010

AbstractCation‐exchange composite materials were prepared by the sulfonation of the copolymer of styrene (St) and divinylbenzene (DVB) coated on glass fibers previously surface‐treated by a silane coupling agent. The results show that the surface treatment of the glass fibers by the coupling agent γ‐(methacryloyloxyethyl) trimethoxysilane led to a vinyl functionalized fiberglass surface, which served to covalently bond the copolymer to the fiberglass. Increasing the amount of the coupling agent increased the degree of coating of the copolymer on the fiberglass. A cation‐exchange composite with an exchange capacity of 4.08 mmol/g of resin was prepared by the copolymerization of St and DVB at a weight ratio of 95 : 5 for 30 min; this was followed by sulfonation of the copolymer at 100°C for 12 h. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Synergistic effect of a novel charring agent and ammonium polyphosphate on the flame retardancy of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
Authors: Jun Wang , Yi Jiangsong , Cai Xu‐Fu 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA novel charring agent, poly(p‐propane terephthalamide) (PPTA), was synthesized with terephthaloyl chloride and 1,2‐propanediamine through solution polycondensation at a low temperature. PPTA was used together with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) to prepare a novel intumescent flame retardant (IFR) for an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) resin. The flammability and thermal stability of the IFR–ABS composites were investigated with limiting oxygen index, UL 94 vertical burning, and thermogravimetric analysis tests. The results showed that the IFR system had excellent flame retardancy and antidripping properties for ABS. The thermogravimetric curves suggested that there was a distinct synergistic effect of PPTA and APP, and this effect greatly promoted the char formation of the IFR–ABS composites and hence improved the flame retardancy. Additionally, the structure and morphology of char residues were studied with Fourier transform infrared and scanning electron microscopy. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Flexure and water sorption properties of wood thermoplastic composites made with polymer blends
Authors: Englund Karl , Villechevrolle Vivianne 
Published: November 2010

AbstractMost WPC extrusion manufacturers utilize single polymer systems, where only one class of polymers is utilized. The concept of utilizing blended polymer systems can potentially provide lowered material costs, while maintaining or improving the composite properties. This cost savings can potentially be obtained in the ability to utilize mixed recycled plastics without the added costs of separation. Composites made of wood flour and binary blends of polypropylene (PP), high density polyethylene (HDPE), and polyvinyl‐chloride (PVC) were extruded and evaluated for their mechanical and physical performance. The WPCs were also exposed to repeated extrusion runs to determine the influence of enhanced melt‐blending of the composite properties. Torque rheometry, flexural, and water sorption tests revealed subtle differences between the blends and single polymer composites. With increasing extrusion runs, the WPCs water diffusion was decreased, whereas the strength and stiffness of the blends and single polymer systems increased or showed no change. These results indicate that polymer blends can be successfully utilized for commercial WPCs. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Morphology of crosslinked hyaluronic acid porous hydrogels
Authors: Collins Maurice N. , Birkinshaw Colin 
Published: November 2010

AbstractHydrogels, based on hyaluronic acid or hyaluronan (HA), are gaining attention as possible cell‐scaffolding materials for the regeneration of a variety of tissues. This article describes how HA, a naturally occurring polymer, has been crosslinked to reduce its degradation rate and freeze dried to produce porous materials suitable for tissue engineering. The resulting pore architecture has been assessed as a function of freezing temperature and freezing rate, type of crosslinkers, and methods used in the crosslinking process. On comparing the average densities of crosslinked and uncrosslinked scaffolds, it is apparent that the chemical modification increases sponge density and wall thickness of the pores while decreasing the pore size. The mechanical response of the modified materials has been investigated by equilibrium‐swelling measurements and compression tests. These materials have an average pore size ranging from 167 to 215 μm, which suggests that they would be a suitable temporary site for cell proliferation. The materials exhibit moderate mechanical integrity and are expected to be capable of withstanding physiological stresses in vivo. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Sustained release behavior of pH‐responsive poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels containing activated carbon fibers
Authors: Yun Jumi , Im Ji Sun , Lee Young‐Seak , Yoo Sung Joon , Kim Hyung‐Il 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe composites of pH‐responsive poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(acrylic acid) hydrogel and activated carbon fibers (ACFs) were prepared as sustained drug release system with excellent mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of hydrogels were improved greatly by addition of ACFs. The thinner ACFs were more effective in increasing the mechanical properties of composite hydrogels. The cumulative amount of release and the release period were dependent on the surface area and the pore volume of ACFs. The drug release was maximized at basic condition due to the pH‐sensitive hydrogel matrices and the initial bust phenomenon was alleviated by incorporating ACFs in the hydrogels. The drug release was sustained about four times longer and the mechanical property was increased about 2.6 times higher because ACFs worked as drug reservoir and reinforcement. Cytotoxicity evaluation confirmed the biocompatible characteristics of the ACFs‐containing hydrogels. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
The structure and properties of a novel nanocomposite films from chitosan and layered zirconium phosphonate
Authors: Liu Changhua , Wu Haixia , Yang Yajuan , Zhu Lina , Teng Yingli 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA new type of layered zirconium phosphonate (zirconium glycine‐N, N‐dimethylphosphonate, abbreviated as ZGDMP), with functional group of ‐COOH, has been successfully prepared and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). To confirm the effect of the functional group ‐COOH on the structure and properties of composites, a series of chitosan/zirconium phosphonate modified by n‐butylamine (BA‐ZGDMP) nanocomposite films were prepared by casting process. FTIR spectra suggested that strong interactions existed between BA‐ZGDMP and chitosan matrix. Compared to neat CS film, tensile strength (σb) and elongation at break (εb) of the nanocomposite film improved by 35.1% and 15.6%, respectively, with loading ratio of just 1.0 wt %. In addition, the BA‐ZGDMP also improved the water resistance of the nanocomposites. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Synovial inflammation in patients undergoing arthroscopic meniscectomy: Molecular characterization and relationship to symptoms
Authors: Scanzello Carla R. , McKeon Brian , Swaim Bryan H. , DiCarlo Edward , Asomugha Eva U. , Kanda Veero , Nair Anjali , Lee David M. , Richmond John C. , Katz Jeffrey N. , Crow Mary K. , Goldring Steven R. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjectiveTraumatic and degenerative meniscal tears have different anatomic features and different proposed etiologies, yet both are associated with the development or progression of osteoarthritis (OA). In established OA, synovitis is associated with pain and progression, but a relationship between synovitis and symptoms in isolated meniscal disease has not been reported. Accordingly, we sought to characterize synovial pathology in patients with traumatic meniscal injuries and determine the relationships between inflammation, meniscal and cartilage pathology, and symptoms.MethodsThirty‐three patients without evidence of OA who were undergoing arthroscopic meniscectomy for meniscal injuries were recruited. Pain and function were assessed preoperatively; meniscal and cartilage abnormalities were documented at the time of surgery. Inflammation in synovial biopsy specimens was scored, and associations between inflammation and clinical outcomes were determined. Microarray analysis of synovial tissue was performed, and gene expression patterns in patients with and those without inflammation were compared.ResultsSynovial inflammation was present in 43% of the patients and was associated with worse preoperative pain and function scores, independent of age, sex, or cartilage pathology. Microarray analysis and real‐time polymerase chain reaction revealed a chemokine signature in synovial biopsy specimens with increased inflammation scores.ConclusionOur findings indicate that in patients with traumatic meniscal injury undergoing arthroscopic meniscectomy without radiographic evidence of OA, synovial inflammation occurs frequently and is associated with increased pain and dysfunction. Synovia with increased inflammation scores exhibit a unique chemokine signature. Chemokines may contribute to the development of synovial inflammation in patients with meniscal pathology; they also represent potential therapeutic targets for reducing inflammatory symptoms.
DEK in the synovium of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Characterization of DEK antibodies and posttranslational modification of the DEK autoantigen
Authors: Mor‐Vaknin Nirit , Kappes Ferdinand , Dick Amalie E. , Legendre Maureen , Damoc Catalina , Teitz‐Tennenbaum Seagal , Kwok Roland , Ferrando‐May Elisa , Adams Barbara S. , Markovitz David M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjectiveDEK is a nuclear phosphoprotein and autoantigen in a subset of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Autoantibodies to DEK are also found in a broad spectrum of disorders associated with abnormal immune activation. We previously demonstrated that DEK is secreted by macrophages, is released by apoptotic T cells, and attracts leukocytes. Since DEK has been identified in the synovial fluid (SF) of patients with JIA, this study was undertaken to investigate how DEK protein and/or autoantibodies may contribute to the pathogenesis of JIA.MethodsDEK autoantibodies, immune complexes (ICs), and synovial macrophages were purified from the SF of patients with JIA. DEK autoantibodies and ICs were purified by affinity‐column chromatography and analyzed by 2‐dimensional gel electrophoresis, immunoblotting, and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. DEK in supernatants and exosomes was purified by serial centrifugation and immunoprecipitation with magnetic beads, and posttranslational modifications of DEK were identified by nano–liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (nano–LC‐MS/MS).ResultsDEK autoantibodies and protein were found in the SF of patients with JIA. Secretion of DEK by synovial macrophages was observed both in a free form and via exosomes. DEK autoantibodies (IgG2) may activate the complement cascade, primarily recognize the C‐terminal portion of DEK protein, and exhibit higher affinity for acetylated DEK. Consistent with these observations, DEK underwent acetylation on an unprecedented number of lysine residues, as demonstrated by nano–LC‐MS/MS.ConclusionThese results indicate that DEK can contribute directly to joint inflammation in JIA by generating ICs through high‐affinity interaction between DEK and DEK autoantibodies, a process enhanced by acetylation of DEK in the inflamed joint.
Overexpression of an exogenous phytoene synthase gene in the unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii leads to an increase in the content of carotenoids
Authors: Couso I. , Vila M. , Rodriguez H. , Vargas M. A. , León R. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPhytoene synthase (PSY) catalyses the first step in the production of carotenoids, which has been described as a key regulatory step in the carotenoids biosynthetic pathway. PSY gene from Dunaliella salina was constitutively expressed in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii under the control of the RBCS2 and HSP70A promoters and targeted to the chloroplast by the RBCS2 transit peptide. DsPSY overexpression resulted in a stable increase in the corresponding PSY transcript level and in the content of carotenoids such as violaxanthin, lutein, and β‐carotene, reaching between 125 and 260% the levels in control untransformed cells. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2011
Particle‐based realistic simulation of fluid–solid interaction
Authors: Sun Hongquan , Han Jiqing 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn this paper a novel method for simulating incompressible viscous fluid and solid coupling is presented. In the coupling model, a rigid object is treated as a special fluid constrained to rigid body motion. To animate the coupling model, the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method is used for solving the fluid motion equations. For keeping the rigidity of rigid objects, the total force and total torque exerted on solids is first worked out according to the impulse–momentum theorem, and then the movement of these rigid bodies is restricted to translations and rotations. Moreover, in order to prevent the fluids particles leaking into solids, a detection and correction procedure is presented, and the velocities of fluid particles will be tuned if the penetration is detected in this procedure. The proposed method can be implemented easily by extending the existing fluid solvers, the experimental results show that this method is capable of animating the realistic solid and fluid coupling. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Outcomes of patients with acute myocardial infarction rom a saphenous vein graft culprit undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Gaglia Michael A. , Torguson Rebecca , Xue Zhenyi , Gonzalez Manuel A. , Ben‐Dor Itsik , Suddath William O. , Kent Kenneth M. , Satler Lowell F. , Pichard Augusto D. , Waksman Ron 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjectives: We sought to describe characteristics of patients presenting with an acute MI from a SVG culprit, compared with a native culprit. Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of saphenous vein grafts (SVG) results in worse outcomes than native vessel PCI, but outcomes of such patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) setting are not well‐described. Methods: Patients presenting with ST‐elevation or non‐ST‐elevation MI undergoing PCI from 2000 to 2010 were retrospectively analyzed to identify the culprit as a SVG vs. native vessel. Multiple linear regression was used to identify predictors of peak troponin‐I level. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to identify predictors of 30‐day mortality and 1‐year major adverse cardiac events (MACE). Results: 192 patients underwent PCI for a SVG culprit, compared with 4,001 with a native culprit. After multivariable adjustment, SVG culprit remained significantly associated with lower levels of the logarithm of the peak troponin (β = −0.17, SE = 0.07, P = 0.02). The likelihood of MACE was higher in SVG vs. native culprits in patients with small to modest troponin elevations. Patients with a SVG culprit also suffered higher unadjusted rates of mortality at 30 days (14.3% vs. 8.4%, P = 0.03) and MACE at 1 year (36.8% vs. 24.5%, P = 0.005); a modest effect upon mortality and MACE remained after multivariable adjustment. Conclusion: Even minimal elevations of troponin in patients with a SVG culprit may portend a poorer prognosis than in patients with a native culprit. The risk of PCI in this setting is driven by mortality and arises from both substantial comorbidities and the SVG itself. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Aortic valve fibroelastoma presenting with myocardial infarction
Authors: Eftekhari Hossein , Islam Ashequl , Slawsky Mara 
Published: November 2010

AbstractFibroelastoma is a rare, benign cardiac tumor. It is the second most common primary cardiac tumor and the most common primary cardiac valvular tumor. Nonvalvular endocardial location is rare and may be difficult to differentiate from thrombus and myxoma. Fibroelastoma consists of a small, highly papillary, pedunculated, and avascular tumor which is covered by a single layer of endothelium. It contains fine elastic fibrils arranged in whorls in a hyaline stroma. Fibroelastoma is mostly found incidentally at the time of echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, surgery, or autopsy. Symptomatic patients present with various clinical presentations, mainly cardiovascular in nature. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Patient satisfaction with postmastectomy breast reconstruction
Authors: McCarthy Colleen M. , Klassen Anne F. , Cano Stefan J. , Scott Amie , VanLaeken Nancy , Lennox Peter A. , Alderman Amy K. , Mehrara Babak J. , Disa Joseph J. , Cordeiro Peter G. , Pusic Andrea L. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND.At a time when the safety and effectiveness of breast implants remains under close scrutiny, it is important to provide reliable and valid evidence regarding patient outcomes. In the setting of postmastectomy reconstruction, patient satisfaction and quality of life may be the most significant outcome variables when evaluating surgical success. The objective of the current study was to identify predictors of patient satisfaction with breast appearance, including implant type, in a large sample of women who underwent breast reconstruction surgery using implants.METHODS.A multicenter, cross‐sectional study design was used. A total of 672 women who had completed postmastectomy, implant‐based reconstruction at 1 of 3 centers in North America were asked to complete the BREAST‐Q (Reconstruction Module). Multivariate linear regression modeling was performed.RESULTS.Completed questionnaire data were available for 482 of the 672 patients. In 176 women, silicone implants were placed and in 306, saline implants were used. The multivariate model confirmed that patients' satisfaction with their breasts was significantly higher in patients with silicone implants (P = .016). The receipt of postmastectomy radiotherapy was found to have a significant, negative effect on breast satisfaction (P<.000) in both silicone and saline implant recipients. In addition, for women who received either silicone or saline implants, satisfaction diminished over time (P = .017).CONCLUSIONS.In the setting of postmastectomy reconstruction, patients who received silicone breast implants reported significantly higher satisfaction with the results of reconstruction than those who received saline implants. This information can be used to optimize shared medical decision‐making by providing patients with realistic postoperative expectations. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Socioeconomic status and survival after an invasive breast cancer diagnosis
Authors: Sprague Brian L. , Trentham‐Dietz Amy , Gangnon Ronald E. , Ramchandani Ritesh , Hampton John M. , Robert Stephanie A. , Remington Patrick L. , Newcomb Polly A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Women who live in geographic areas with high poverty rates and low levels of education experience poorer survival after a breast cancer diagnosis than women who live in communities with indicators of high socioeconomic status (SES). However, very few studies have examined individual‐level SES in relation to breast cancer survival or have assessed the contextual role of community‐level SES independent of individual‐level SES.METHODS:The authors of this report examined both individual‐level and community‐level SES in relation to breast cancer survival in a population‐based cohort of women ages 20 to 69 years who were diagnosed with breast cancer in Wisconsin between 1995 and 2003 (N = 5820).RESULTS:Compared with college graduates, women who had no education beyond high school were 1.39 times more likely (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10‐1.76) to die from breast cancer. Women who had household incomes <2.5 times the poverty level were 1.46 times more likely (95% CI, 1.10‐1.92) to die from breast cancer than women who had household incomes ≥5 times the poverty level. Adjusting the analysis for use of screening mammography, disease stage at diagnosis, and lifestyle factors eliminated the disparity by income, but the disparity by education persisted (hazard ratio [HR], 1.27; 95% CI, 0.99‐1.61). In multilevel analyses, low community‐level education was associated with increased breast cancer mortality even after adjusting for individual‐level SES (HR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.09‐2.27 for ≥20% vs <10% of adults without a high school degree).CONCLUSIONS:The current results indicated that screening and early detection explain some of the disparity according to SES, but further research will be needed to understand the additional ways in which individual‐level and community‐level education are associated with survival. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.