bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Closeness in relationships as a mediator between sexual abuse in childhood or adolescence and psychopathological outcome in adulthood
Authors: Dimitrova Nevena , Pierrehumbert Blaise , Glatz Nathalie , Torrisi Raffaella , Heinrichs Markus , Halfon Oliver , Chouchena Oliver 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe risk of adverse psychological outcomes in adult victims of childhood and adolescent sexual abuse (CSA) has been documented; however, research on possible mediating variables is still required, namely with a clinical perspective. The attachment literature suggests that secure interpersonal relationships may represent such a variable. Twenty‐eight women who had experienced episodes of CSA, and 16 control women, were interviewed using Bremner's Early Trauma Inventory and the DSM‐IV Global Assessment of Functioning; they also responded to Collins' Relationship Scales Questionnaire, evaluating adult attachment representations in terms of Closeness, Dependence and Anxiety. Subjects with an experience of severe abuse reported significantly more interpersonal distance in relationships (low index of Closeness) than other subjects. The index of psychopathological functioning was correlated with both the severity of abuse and attachment (low index of Closeness). Regression analysis on the sample of abused women revealed that attachment predicted psychopathology when abuse was controlled for, whereas abuse did not predict psychopathology when attachment was controlled for. Therefore, preserving a capacity for closeness with attachment figures in adulthood appears to mediate the consequences of CSA on subsequent psychopathological outcome. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message:• The way CSA victims deal with closeness and intimacy in relationships contributes to the quality of psychological outcome in adulthood.• Treatment strategies for CSA victims should emphasize the enhancement of interpersonal experiences and the strengthening of the subject's sense of closeness to others, intimacy in relationships, and confidence in others.
Exploration of chromatic aberration for multiplanar imaging: Proof of concept with implications for fast, efficient autofocus
Authors: Weinigel Martin , Kellner Albert L. , Price Jeffrey H. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractImage‐based autofocus determines focus directly from the specimen (as opposed to reflective surface positioning with an offset), but sequential acquisition of a stack of images to measure resolution/sharpness and find best focus is slower than reflective positioning. Simultaneous imaging of multiple focal planes, which is also useful for 3D imaging of live cells, is faster but requires complicated optics. With color CCD cameras and white light sources commonly available, we asked if axial chromatic aberration can be utilized to acquire multiple focal planes simultaneously, and if it can be controlled through a range sufficient for practical use. For proof of concept, we theoretically and experimentally explored the focal differences between three narrow wavelength bands on a 3‐chip color CCD camera with and without glass inserts of various thicknesses and dispersions. Ray tracing yielded changes in foci of 0.65–0.9 μm upon insertion of 12.5‐mm thick glass samples for green (G, 522 nm) vs. blue (B, 462 nm) and green vs. red (G‐R, 604 nm). On a microscope: (1) With no glass inserts, the differences in foci were 2.15 μm (G‐B) and 0.43 μm (G‐R); (2) With glass inserts, the maximum change in foci for G vs. B was 0.44 μm and for G vs. R was 0.26 μm; and (3) An 11.3 mm thick N‐BK7 glass insert shifted the foci 0.9 μm (R), 0.6 μm (G), and 0.35 μm (B), such that the B and R foci were farther apart (2.1 μm vs. 1.7 μm) and the R and G foci were closer together (0.25 μm vs. 0.45 μm). The slopes of the differences in foci were dependent on thickness, index of refraction, and dispersion. The measured differences in foci are comparable to the axial steps of 0.1–0.24 μm commonly used for autofocus, and focal plane separation can be altered by inserting optical elements of various dispersions and thicknesses. By enabling acquisition of multiple, axially offset images simultaneously, chromatic aberration, normally an imaging pariah, creates a possible mechanism for efficient multiplanar imaging of multiple spectral bands from white light illumination. © 2009 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Summary of ‘Grommets (ventilation tubes) for recurrent acute otitis media in children’, including tables of key findings and quality of included trials
Authors: McDonald S. , Langton Hewer C. D. , Nunez D. A. , van Dalen E. C. , Kremer L. C. M. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThis is a summary, including tables of key findings and quality of included trials, of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: McDonald S, Langton Hewer CD, Nunez DA. Grommets (ventilation tubes) for recurrent acute otitis media in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008, Issue 4. Art, No.: CD004741. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004741.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Commentary. Copyright © 2009 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Commentary on ‘Tonsillectomy or adeno‐tonsillectomy versus non‐surgical treatment for chronic/recurrent acute tonsillitis’
Authors: Woods Charles R. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThis is a commentary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Burton MJ, Glasziou PP. Tonsillectomy or adeno‐tonsillectomy versus non‐surgical treatment for chronic/recurrent acute tonsillitis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD001802. DOI:10.1002/14 651 858.CD001802.pub2. Copyright © 2009 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Enhancement of auxiliary overcurrent protection in transformers using novel feature extraction algorithms
Authors: Huang Shyh‐Jier , Wan Hsing‐Ho 
Published: September 2009

AbstractIn this paper, a feature extraction approach embedded with wavelet computation is applied to enhance the auxiliary overcurrent protection, by which the transformer inrush current discriminating from internal fault can be achieved. This proposed method starts with a feature extraction of acquired differential current waveform following the execution of wavelet computation. Then, the extracted features are expressed as a group of quantitative turning points to serve as indicators for overcurrent recognition. It is found that by this way of design, the inrush current can be effectively discriminated from the fault current. To validate the effectiveness of the method, it was applied to various simulated scenarios as well as employed to inspect a 60 MVA, 161/23.9 kV transformer connected to a 161 kV power system in Taiwan. Test results help support the feasibility of the method for the application considered. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of road‐generated storm runoff on a small catchment response
Authors: Woldie Daniel W. , Sidle Roy C. , Gomi Takashi 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe impact of road‐generated runoff on the hydrological response of a zero‐order basin was monitored for a sequence of 24 storm events. The study was conducted in a zero‐order basin (C1; 0·5ha) with an unpaved mountain road; an adjacent unroaded zero‐order basin (C2; 0·2 ha) with similar topography and lithology was used to evaluate the hydrological behaviour of the affected zero‐order basin prior to construction of the road. The impact of the road at the zero‐order basin scale was highly dependent on the antecedent soil‐moisture conditions, total storm precipitation, and to some extent rainfall intensity. At the beginning of the monitoring period, during dry antecedent conditions, road runoff contributed 50% of the total runoff and 70% of the peak flow from the affected catchment (C1). The response from the unroaded catchment was almost insignificant during dry antecedent conditions. As soil moisture increased, the road exerted less influence on the total runoff from the roaded catchment. For very wet conditions, the influence of road‐generated runoff on total outflow from the roaded catchment diminished to only 5·4%. Both catchments, roaded and unroaded, produced equivalent amount of outflow during very wet antecedent conditions on a unit area basis. The lag time between the rainfall and runoff peaks observed in the unroaded catchment during the monitoring period ranged from 0 to 4 h depending on the amount of precipitation and antecedent conditions, owing mainly to much slower subsurface flow pathways in the unroaded zero‐order basin. In contrast, the lag time in the roaded zero‐order basin was virtually nil during all storms. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hemorheological, morphological, and oxidative changes during ischemia‐reperfusion of latissimus dorsi muscle flaps in a canine model
Authors: Tamas Robert , Nemeth Norbert , Brath Endre , Sasvari Maria , Nyakas Csaba , Debreczeni Bela , Miko Iren , Furka Istvan 
Published: September 2009

AbstractAlthough ischemia‐reperfusion (I/R) strongly influences muscle flap survival in reconstructive surgery, there is limited knowledge about its relation to hemorheological parameters and oxidative stress markers in flaps. In the present study we investigated these changes during I/R of latissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) flaps in beagle dogs. In four animals LDM flaps were prepared bilaterally. The right side served as control, while the left side's vascular pedicle was clamped for 60 minutes, and a 60‐minute reperfusion was allowed afterward. Blood samples (0.5 ml each) were taken from the pedicle's vein bilaterally before and after the ischemia, and at the 5th, 15th, 30th, 45th, and 60th minutes of the reperfusion, for hematological and erythrocyte aggregation tests. In muscle biopsies, taken before and after I/R, histological investigations and tests for measuring gluthation‐peroxidase (GSH‐PX) activity, glutathione (GSH) and carbonyl concentrations, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) content were carried out. In I/R side leukocyte count increased during the reperfusion with a peak at the 30th minute. Hematocrit continuously increased from the 15th minute. In the first 5 minutes of the reperfusion, erythrocyte aggregation increased, than tented to be normalized. In muscle homogenates GSH‐PX activity did not change markedly, GSH content slightly decreased, carbonyl and TBARS content increased during reperfusion. A 1‐hour ischemia and reperfusion of LDM flaps caused local changes of leukocyte distribution and erythrocyte aggregation, supposedly due to the metabolic and inflammatory reactions. Oxidative damage during reperfusion was also demonstrated. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2010.
One‐plasmid tunable coexpression for mycobacterial protein–protein interaction studies
Authors: Chang Yong , Mead David , Dhodda Vinay , Brumm Phil , Fox Brian G. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractA single plasmid that allows controlled coexpression has been developed for use in mycobacteria. The tetracycline inducible promoter, PtetO, was used to provide tetracycline‐dependent induction of one gene, while the Psmyc, Pimyc, or Phsp promoters were used to provide three different levels of constitutive expression of a second gene. The functions of these four individual promoters were established using green fluorescent protein (GFP) and a newly identified red fluorescence inducible protein from Geobacillus sterothermophilus strain G1.13 (RFIP) as reporters. The tandem use of GFP and RFIP as reporter genes allowed optimization of the tunable coexpression in Mycobacterium smegmatis; either time at a fixed inducer concentration or changes in inducer concentration could be used to control the protein:protein ratio. This single vector system was used to coexpress the two‐protein Mycobacterium tuberculosis stearoyl‐CoA Δ9 desaturase complex (integral membrane desaturase Rv3229c and NADPH oxidoreductase Rv3230c) in M. smegmatis. The catalytic activity was found to increase in a manner corresponding to increasing the level of Rv3230c relative to a fixed level of Rv3229c. This system, which can yield finely tuned coexpression of the fatty acid desaturase complex in mycobacteria, may be useful for study of other multicomponent complexes. Furthermore, the tunable coexpression strategy used herein should also be applicable in other species with minor modifications.
Crystal structures of a therapeutic single chain antibody in complex with two drugs of abuse—Methamphetamine and 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine
Authors: Celikel Reha , Peterson Eric C. , Owens S. Michael , Varughese Kottayil I. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractMethamphetamine (METH) is a major drug threat in the United States and worldwide. Monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy for treating METH abuse is showing exciting promise and the understanding of how mAb structure relates to function will be essential for future development of these important therapies. We have determined crystal structures of a high affinity anti‐(+)‐METH therapeutic single chain antibody fragment (scFv6H4, KD= 10 nM) derived from one of our candidate mAb in complex with METH and the (+) stereoisomer of another abused drug, 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), known by the street name “ecstasy.” The crystal structures revealed that scFv6H4 binds to METH and MDMA in a deep pocket that almost completely encases the drugs mostly through aromatic interactions. In addition, the cationic nitrogen of METH and MDMA forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of a glutamic acid residue and a hydrogen bond with a histidine side chain. Interestingly, there are two water molecules in the binding pocket and one of them is positioned for a CH ⃛O interaction with the aromatic ring of METH. These first crystal structures of a high affinity therapeutic antibody fragment against METH and MDMA (resolution = 1.9 Å, and 2.4 Å, respectively) provide a structural basis for designing the next generation of higher affinity antibodies and also for carrying out rational humanization.
Theoretical studies on chemical bonding between Cu(II) and oxygen molecule in type 3 copper proteins
Authors: Saito Toru , Kataoka Yusuke , Nakanishi Yasuyuki , Matsui Toru , Kitagawa Yasutaka , Kawakami Takashi , Okumura Mitsutaka , Yamaguchi Kizashi 
Published: September 2009

AbstractWe discussed the most stable coordination of O2 binding in the Cu2O2 core of type 3 copper proteins from a viewpoint of broken‐symmetry (BS) DFT approach. This study put its focus on the active site of both oxy and deoxy form of hemocyanin as an example. We examined four conventional hybrid GGA functional sets that contain different proportion of exact exchange in a range of 20–50% within a BS way. To evaluate their net accuracy, the spin contamination errors caused by the triplet (S = 1) state on energy and energy gradient in the BS (S = 0) state were replaced by our approximate spin projection (AP) procedure. We also examined OO stretch vibrational frequencies and Gibbs free energies of O2 binding with the conductor‐like polarizable continuum model. From the results, UBHandHLYP outperform the other functional sets, indicating that the Cu2O2 core in oxyHc has significant diradical character under AP‐BS approximation. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2009
Recent advances in development of materials for laser target
Authors: Moreau L. , Levassort C. , Blondel B. , De Nonancourt C. , Croix C. , Thibonnet J. , Balland-Longeau A. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractNearly ten years ago, a research program concerning materials and technologies was defined to develop the very complex cryogenic target for obtaining the combustion of a deuterium-tritium mixture by inertial confinement fusion in the laser megajoule facility. The CEA target fabrication project includes research and development on various organic polymers and materials for the cryogenic laser megajoule target assembly as well as for other targets that can be useful for the fusion program (pre and post-ignition). Recent advances have been accomplished concerning the development of specific organic materials for the fabrication of targets components, including the synthesis of polymers for the laser megajoule microshells and metal-doped organic foams for the elaboration of doped-foam microshells or for the micromachining of components.
Ramp wave loading experiments driven by heavy ion beams: A feasibility study
Authors: Grinenko A. , Gericke D.O. , Varentsov D. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractA new design for heavy-ion beam driven ramp wave loading experiments is suggested and analyzed. The proposed setup utilizes the long stopping ranges and the variable focal spot geometry of the high-energy uranium beams available at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung and Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research accelerator centers in Darmstadt, Germany. The release wave created by ion beams can be utilized to create a planar ramp loading of various samples. In such experiments, the predicted high pressure amplitudes (up to 10 Mbar) and short timescales of compression (<10 ns) will allow to test the time-dependent material deformation at unprecedented extreme conditions.
French exchange rate management in the 1920s
Authors: Blancheton Bertrand , Maveyraud Samuel 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThis article challenges the conventional view of the existence of a pure floating regime in France during the mid 1920s. Our study, based on the archives of the Bank of France and the French Ministry of Finance, as well as a thorough examination of the exchange rates (FRF/USD) and (FRF/GBP) during the 1920s, reveals that the French authorities did intervene on several occasions. From these first direct actions, as well as some other abortive attempts, several lessons can be drawn about the effectiveness of interventions on a ‘modern’ exchange rate market.
Assessing the impact of frame semantics on textual entailment
Authors: BURCHARDT ALJOSCHA , PENNACCHIOTTI MARCO , THATER STEFAN , PINKAL MANFRED 
Published: September 2009

AbstractIn this article, we underpin the intuition that frame semantic information is a useful resource for modelling textual entailment. To this end, we provide a manual frame semantic annotation for the test set used in the second recognizing textual entailment (RTE) challenge – the FrameNet-annotated textual entailment (FATE) corpus – and discuss experiments we conducted on this basis. In particular, our experiments show that the frame semantic lexicon provided by the Berkeley FrameNet project provides surprisingly good coverage for the task at hand. We identify issues of automatic semantic analysis components, as well as insufficient modelling of the information provided by frame semantic analysis as reasons for ambivalent results of current systems based on frame semantics.
Extracting paraphrase patterns from bilingual parallel corpora
Authors: ZHAO SHIQI , WANG HAIFENG , LIU TING , LI SHENG 
Published: September 2009

AbstractParaphrase patterns are semantically equivalent patterns, which are useful in both paraphrase recognition and generation. This paper presents a pivot approach for extracting paraphrase patterns from bilingual parallel corpora, whereby the paraphrase patterns in English are extracted using the patterns in another language as pivots. We make use of log-linear models for computing the paraphrase likelihood between pattern pairs and exploit feature functions based on maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), lexical weighting (LW), and monolingual word alignment (MWA). Using the presented method, we extract more than 1 million pairs of paraphrase patterns from about 2 million pairs of bilingual parallel sentences. The precision of the extracted paraphrase patterns is above 78%. Experimental results show that the presented method significantly outperforms a well-known method called discovery of inference rules from text (DIRT). Additionally, the log-linear model with the proposed feature functions are effective. The extracted paraphrase patterns are fully analyzed. Especially, we found that the extracted paraphrase patterns can be classified into five types, which are useful in multiple natural language processing (NLP) applications.
Characterizing the Two- and Three-Dimensional Resolution of an Improved Aberration-Corrected STEM
Authors: Lupini A.R. , Borisevich A.Y. , Idrobo J.C. , Christen H.M. , Biegalski M. , Pennycook S.J. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe successful development of third-order aberration correctors in transmission electron microscopy has seen aberration-corrected electron microscopes evolve from specialist projects, custom built at a small number of sites to common instruments in many modern laboratories. Here we describe some initial results illustrating the two- and three-dimensional (3D) performance of an aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope with a prototype improved aberration corrector designed to also minimize fifth-order aberrations and a new, higher brightness gun. We show that atomic columns separated by 0.63 Å can be resolved and demonstrate detection of single dopant atoms with 3D sensitivity.
Statistical Quality Control Methods in Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, Part I Introduction and Basic Theory
Authors: Benneyan James C. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThis article is the first in a two-part series discussing and illustrating the application of statistical process control (SPC) to processes often examined by hospital epidemiologists. The basic philosophical and theoretical foundations of statistical quality control and their relation to epidemiology are emphasized in order to expand mutual understanding and cross-fertilization between these two disciplines. Part I provides an overview of quality engineering and SPC, illustrates common types of control charts, and provides references for further information or statistical formulae. Part II discusses statistical properties of control charts, issues of chart design and optimal control limit widths, alternate possible SPC approaches to infection control, some common misunderstandings, and more advanced issues. The focus of both articles is mostly non-mathematical, emphasizing important concepts and practical examples rather than academic theory and exhaustive calculations