bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘My sexual desires, everything, my normal life just stops’; a qualitative study of male sexual health in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Ma Sara , Knapp Peter , Galdas Paul 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo describe and interpret the sexual health experiences of men with IBD.DesignInterpretive qualitative study.MethodsIn‐depth, semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 22 men with a diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Interviews were digitally audio‐recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using constant comparative, thematic analysis.ResultsThree themes were identified from interview data: (1) the disease shapes intimate connections, (2) the disease thwarts sexual experiences and (3) the disease disrupts male gender norms. Men reported that active disease lowered libido and could change pre‐, inter‐ and post‐coital sexual practices. All participants noted that health professionals did not initiate the discussion of sexual health and well‐being needs in the outpatient hospital setting. Men who engaged in receptive anal sex reported a lack of disease‐specific guidance and understanding from professionals.ConclusionInflammatory bowel disease can negatively impact the sexual well‐being, gender identity and activities of men. Further research is required to identify the care preferences of men with IBD and clarify the barriers and facilitators to sexual health assessment so that nurses may better support the health needs of this population.Implications for the Profession and Patient CareThis study highlights the need for sexual health and well‐being support that is specific to disease and gender in IBD. There is a paucity of information and guidance for men with peri‐anal disease and proctitis who engage in receptive anal sex, which requires urgent attention.Reporting MethodReporting follows the COREQ checklist.Patient or Public ContributionA patient and public involvement group informed the development of the study design. The group reviewed public facing documents and interview guides. One member of the group provided comments on the identified themes.
Lower admission stroke severity is associated with good collateral status in distal medium vessel occlusion stroke
Authors: Mei Janet , Salim Hamza A. , Lakhani Dhairya A. , Balar Aneri , Musmar Basel , Adeeb Nimer , Hoseinyazdi Meisam , Luna Licia , Deng Francis , Hyson Nathan Z. , Dmytriw Adam A. , Guenego Adrien , Faizy Tobias D. , Heit Jeremy J. , Albers Gregory W. , Urrutia Victor C. , Llinas Raf , Marsh Elisabeth B. , Hillis Argye E. , Nael Kambiz , Yedavalli Vivek S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeDistal medium vessel occlusions (DMVOs) are a significant contributor to acute ischemic stroke (AIS), with collateral status (CS) playing a pivotal role in modulating ischemic damage progression. We aimed to explore baseline characteristics associated with CS in AIS‐DMVO.MethodsThis retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database enrolled 130 AIS‐DMVO patients from two comprehensive stroke centers. Baseline characteristics, including patient demographics, admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, admission Los Angeles Motor Scale (LAMS) score, and co‐morbidities, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, and history of transient ischemic attack or stroke, were collected. The analysis was dichotomized to good CS, reflected by hypoperfusion index ratio (HIR) <.3, versus poor CS, reflected by HIR ≥.3.ResultsGood CS was observed in 34% of the patients. As to the occluded location, 43.8% occurred in proximal M2, 16.9% in mid M2, 35.4% in more distal middle cerebral artery, and 3.8% in distal anterior cerebral artery. In multivariate logistic analysis, a lower NIHSS score and a lower LAMS score were both independently associated with a good CS (odds ratio [OR]: 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.82‐0.95, p < .001 and OR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.62‐0.96, p = .018, respectively). Patients with poor CS were more likely to manifest as moderate to severe stroke (29.1% vs. 4.5%, p < .001), while patients with good CS had a significantly higher chance of having a minor stroke clinically (40.9% vs. 12.8%, p < .001).ConclusionsCS remains an important determinant in the severity of AIS‐DMVO. Collateral enhancement strategies may be a worthwhile pursuit in AIS‐DMVO patients with more severe initial stroke presentation, which can be swiftly identified by the concise LAMS and serves as a proxy for underlying poor CS.
Boosting school staff well‐being and engagement through identity leadership: The mediating role of organizational climate
Authors: Cárdenas Diana , Reid Bethany , Zhou Haochen , Reynolds Katherine J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOrganizations and their leaders are recognized as key players in staff well‐being and engagement but there is limited longitudinal research with large samples. Moreover, it is not clear how specifically leader behaviour impacts on well‐being. Based on the social identity approach, we argue that school leaders who are capable of crafting and clarifying what it means to be an organizational member while actively representing the groups' interests—an identity leader—will be able to foster a positive school climate. In turn, this positive climate should result in a range of positive outcomes for school staff members, including better well‐being and engagement in their work. Using a longitudinal survey of over 6000 school staff, we found support for our hypothesis: school staff members who perceived their school leaders as being identity leaders perceived a more positive school climate 1 year later, which, in turn, predicted higher levels of well‐being (lower burnout, lower stress and higher self‐esteem) and engagement in school outcomes (higher organizational commitment, team morale and professional development). Overall, these results underline the key role that school identity leaders play in crafting positive working environments and outcomes for staff members.
Confronting Racism‐evasive Ignorance in Standard Pedagogy of Hegemonic Social Psychology
Authors: Adams Glenn , Omar Syed Muhammad 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA core tenet of Critical Race Theory (CRT) is an understanding of systemic racism as a defining and constitutive feature of the Eurocentric modern order. In contrast to this foundational insight, discussions in hegemonic social psychology tend to approach racism in a manner—specifically, as prejudice and individual bias—that abstracts the topic from social and historical context. We consider this proposition via an analysis of standard textbooks for undergraduate courses in social psychology. Our review reveals that standard textbooks do not include racism, per se, as a topic of investigation; instead, they tend to consider racism‐relevant topics as specific cases of supposedly more basic (and therefore more general) processes of cognition or affect. We conclude the article by drawing on textbooks from South African settings and perspectives of decolonial theory (i.e., examples of social psychologies Other‐wise) as resources to re‐think hegemonic social psychology in directions that resonate more clearly with a CRT emphasis on the systematicity of racism.
Comprehensive phylogenomic analyses revealed higher‐level phylogenetic relationships within the Cucujiformia
Authors: Li Xing‐Hao , Li Ru‐Fan , Hu Fang‐Jing , Zheng Shuai , Rao Fu‐Qiang , An Rong , Li Yong‐Hong , Liu De‐Guang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Cucujiformia, with remarkable morphological, ecological, and behavioral diversity, is the most evolutionarily successful group within Coleoptera. However, the phylogenetic relationships among superfamilies within Cucujiformia remain elusive. To address the issues, we conducted a transcriptome‐based macro‐evolutionary study of this lineage. We sequenced the genomes and transcriptomes of three species from the superfamily Curculionoidea (two from Curculionidae and one from Brentidae), and obtained a data set of more than 569 990 amino acid alignments from 143 species of Cucujiformia. With the most complete collection of whole genomes and transcriptomes so far, we compared the performance of different data matrices with universal‐single‐copy orthologs (USCO). The resultant trees based on different data sets were consistent for the majority of deep nodes. Two USCO amino acid matrices (i.e., USCO75 and USCO750‐abs80) provided well‐resolved topology. The analyses confirm that Cucujoidea sensu Robertson et al. 2015 is a nonmonophyletic group, consisting of Erotyloidea, Nitiduloidea, and Cucujoidea sensu Cai et al. 2022. Moreover, Erotyloidea is the early‐diverging group, followed by the clade Nitiduloidea. The preferred topologies supported a “basal” split of Coccinelloidea from the remaining superfamilies, and Cleroidea formed the second splitting group. The following phylogeny was supported at the superfamily level in Cucujiformia: (Coccinelloidea, (Cleroidea, ((Lymexyloidea, Tenebrionoidea), (Erotyloidea, (Nitiduloidea, (Cucujoidea, (Chrysomeloidea, Curculionoidea))))))). Our comprehensive analyses recovered well‐resolved higher‐level phylogenetic relationships within the Cucujiformia, providing a stable framework for comprehending its evolutionary history.
The effect of position on feeding performance in infants with cleft lip and palate: Quasiexperimental study
Authors: Erdost Şerife Kartal , Gözen Duygu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeThis single‐group, quasiexperimental study was conducted to determine the effect of feeding position on the physiological parameters and feeding performance of term‐born infants with cleft lip and palate (CLP) in the preoperative period.MethodsThe study sample consisted of 45 infants aged 0–6 months with CLP followed up preoperatively in our outpatient clinic between January 2021 and 2022. Infants who were being fed with a specialty bottle for babies with CLP and whose families consented to participate in the study were included. After 2 h of fasting, the infants were fed in the elevated supine (ESU) position for the first meal, then in the elevated side‐lying (ESL) position for the second meal after another 2 h of fasting. The infants' heart rate and oxygen saturation values before, during, and after each feed and indicators of feeding performance were compared between the positions.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the positions in terms of heart rate and oxygen saturation before, during, or after feeding (p > .05). There was no statistically significant difference in measures of feeding performance according to the infants' feeding position (p > .05).ConclusionAccording to the findings obtained in this study, infants with CLP showed no statistically significant differences in heart rate, oxygen saturation, or feeding performance when fed in the ESL and ESU positions.Practice ImplicationsHowever, despite the lack of statistical significance, both physiological values and feeding performance tended to be better when the infants were fed in the ESL position, nurses can practice ESL position according to the infant's opposite direction of the side of the cleft lip or palate.
Sleep characteristics in underweight young females across their menstrual cycles: A sleep‐monitoring survey study with preliminary results
Authors: Kayaba Momoko , Yajima Katsuhiko , Nogami Mao , Nose‐Ogura Sayaka , Ogata Hitomi 
Published: May 2024

SummaryThis study investigated the association between underweight and sleep in young females across their menstrual cycles. A lifestyle‐monitoring survey was conducted among 38 female university students aged 18–24 years in Japan from January to December 2023. Sleep data from 28 participants were analysed. Participants were categorized into underweight (n = 10) and control (n = 18) groups based on a baseline body mass index cut‐off of 18.5 kg m−2. Sleep parameters were assessed using a daily sleep questionnaire, sleep sensor mats, and urinary melatonin metabolites across their menstrual cycles. The results indicated no significant differences in sleep patterns between the underweight and control groups or menstrual cycle phases, as assessed using both the daily sleep questionnaire and the sleep sensor mats. However, underweight participants experienced more difficulty maintaining sleep during the follicular phase. Body mass index significantly correlated with sleep efficiency (rs = 0.52) and wake after sleep onset (rs = −0.56). While urinary melatonin metabolite levels did not differ significantly between the groups or menstrual cycle phases, decreased levels during the luteal phase were more prevalent in the underweight group (7 of 10 participants) than in the control group (3 of 13 participants). This study suggests an association between underweight and sleep quality, especially nocturnal awakening, in young females. These findings underscore the importance of considering sleep quality in the management of underweight young females to improve their overall health outcomes.
Peer support for people living with hepatitis B virus—A foundation for treatment expansion
Authors: Downs Louise O. , Kabagambe Kenneth , Williams Sarah , Waddilove Elizabeth , Delphin Marion , Lumley Sheila F. , Ndungutse Richard , Kimono Beatrice , Newton Robert , Ko Joy , Martyn Emily , Carter Jessica , Kemper Agnieszka , Monteiro Fernando , O'Regan Sive , Surey Julian , Sultan Binta , Story Alistair , MacDonald Douglas , Tu Thomas , Seeley Janet , Dusheiko Geoffrey , Maponga Tongai , Andersson Monique I. , Spearman C. Wendy , Tucker Joseph D. , Cohen Chari , Wang Su , Adda Danjuma , Freeland Catherine , Halford Rachel , Jack Kathryn , Ghosh Indrajit , Elsharkawy Ahmed M. , Matthews Philippa C. , Flanagan Stuart 
Published: May 2024

AbstractChronic hepatitis B infection (CHB) affects 300 million people worldwide and is being targeted by the United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the World Health Organisation (WHO), working towards elimination of hepatitis B virus (HBV) as a public health threat. In this piece, we explore the evidence and potential impact of peer support to enhance and promote interventions for people living with CHB. Peer support workers (PSWs) are those with lived experience of an infection, condition or situation who work to provide support for others, aiming to improve education, prevention, treatment and other clinical interventions and to reduce the physical, psychological and social impacts of disease. Peer support has been shown to be a valuable tool for improving health outcomes for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), but to date has not been widely available for communities affected by HBV. HBV disproportionately affects vulnerable and marginalised populations, who could benefit from PSWs to help them navigate complicated systems and provide advocacy, tackle stigma, improve education and representation, and optimise access to treatment and continuity of care. The scale up of peer support must provide structured and supportive career pathways for PSWs, account for social and cultural needs of different communities, adapt to differing healthcare systems and provide flexibility in approaches to care. Investment in peer support for people living with CHB could increase diagnosis, improve retention in care, and support design and roll out of interventions that can contribute to global elimination goals.
Environmental‐driven dynamics of phytoplankton assemblages in the Bay of Bengal, Southeast coast of India
Authors: Manigandan Vajravelu , Sarangi Ranjit Kumar , Jeyapragash Danaraj , Ayyappan Saravanakumar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA study conducted from January to December 2018 examined seasonal variations in horizontal phytoplankton communities. A total of 93 species were identified, including 63 Coscinodiscophyceae, 4 Fragilariophyceae, 7 Bacillariophyceae, 15 Dinophyceae, and 4 Cyanophyceae. The highest species diversity and abundance occurred during the postmonsoon and premonsoon periods. Environmental parameters (viz., temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia, nitrite, silicate, total suspended solids) were all statistically significant except for nitrite (p > .05). Multivariate statistical analyses (PCA and CCA) revealed that in the postmonsoon period, silicate and nitrate were responsible for the proliferation of phytoplankton abundance, species composition and density, while in the premonsoon period, temperature, salinity, and pH significantly influenced and favored specific phytoplankton groups (such as Chaetocerotaceae) in terms of species composition and abundance.
Effect of a simplified approach on recovery of children 6–59 months with wasting in Ethiopia: A noninferiority, cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Maru Yetayesh , Tamiru Dessalegn , Baye Kaleab , Chitekwe Stanley , Laillou Arnaud , Darsene Hiwot , Abdulai Rashid , Worku Mesfin , Belachew Tefera 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWorldwide, nearly 45 million children under the age of 5 years were affected by wasting in 2022. Ethiopia has been challenged by disasters increasing the caseload of children with wasting. This study aimed to determine the effect of a simplified approach on recovery of children with acute malnutrition as compared with the standard protocol. A cluster randomized, controlled, noninferiority trial was carried out in three regions of Ethiopia from December 4, 2021, to July 30, 2022. A total of 58 clusters (health posts) were randomized into intervention and control groups. Children with SAM in the intervention groups received two sachets of Ready‐to‐Use Therapeutic Food (RUTF), whereas children in the control groups received RUTF based on their body weight. Children with moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) received one sachet of RUTF and one sachet of Ready‐to‐Use Supplementary Food (RUSF) daily in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Per protocol (PP) and intention‐to‐treat analysis were used to compare recovery at a noninferiority margin of 15%. Data were collected from 55 health posts and 1032 children. In the PP analysis, the recovery rate of children with wasting among the simplified group (97.8%) was noninferior to the standard protocol group (97.7%), p = 0.399. The RUTF cost per treatment of child with SAM was 56.55 USD for the standard versus 42.78 USD for the simplified approach. The simplified approach is noninferior to the standard protocol in terms of recovery and has a lower cost of RUTF. Further study is recommended to assess the effectiveness of the simplified approach in emergency contexts.
Drivers of genomic differentiation landscapes in populations of disparate ecological and geographical settings within mainland Apis cerana
Authors: Dong Jiangxing , Qiu Lifei , Zhou Xin , Liu Shanlin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractElucidating the evolutionary processes that drive population divergence can enhance our understanding of the early stages of speciation and inform conservation management decisions. The honeybee Apis cerana displays extensive population divergence, providing an informative natural system for exploring these processes. The mainland lineage A. cerana includes several peripheral subspecies with disparate ecological and geographical settings radiated from a central ancestor. Under this evolutionary framework, we can explore the patterns of genome differentiation and the evolutionary models that explain them. We can also elucidate the contribution of non‐genomic spatiotemporal mechanisms (extrinsic features) and genomic mechanisms (intrinsic features) that influence these genomic differentiation landscapes. Based on 293 whole genomes, a small part of the genome is highly differentiated between central–peripheral subspecies pairs, while low and partial parallelism partly reflects idiosyncratic responses to environmental differences. Combined elements of recurrent selection and speciation‐with‐gene‐flow models generate the heterogeneous genome landscapes. These elements weight differently between central‐island and other central–peripheral subspecies pairs, influenced by glacial cycles superimposed on different geomorphologies. Although local recombination rates exert a significant influence on patterns of genomic differentiation, it is unlikely that low‐recombination rates regions were generated by structural variation. In conclusion, complex factors including geographical isolation, divergent ecological selection and non‐uniform genome features have acted concertedly in the evolution of reproductive barriers that could reduce gene flow in part of the genome and facilitate the persistence of distinct populations within mainland lineage of A. cerana.
Genome‐wide identification of phasiRNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana, and insights into biogenesis, temperature sensitivity, and organ specificity
Authors: Feng Zedi , Ma Xiaoxia , Wu Xiaomei , Wu Wenyuan , Shen Bo , Li Shaolei , Tang Yinju , Wang JiaCen , Shao Chaogang , Meng Yijun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe knowledge of biogenesis and target regulation of the phased small interfering RNAs (phasiRNAs) needs continuous update, since the phasiRNA loci are dynamically evolved in plants. Here, hundreds of phasiRNA loci of Arabidopsis thaliana were identified in distinct tissues and under different temperature. In flowers, most of the 24‐nt loci are RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase 2 (RDR2)‐dependent, while the 21‐nt loci are RDR6‐dependent. Among the RDR‐dependent loci, a significant portion is Dicer‐like 1‐dependent, indicating the involvement of microRNAs in their expression. Besides, two TAS candidates were discovered. Some interesting features of the phasiRNA loci were observed, such as the strong strand bias of phasiRNA generation, and the capacity of one locus for producing phasiRNAs by different increments. Both organ specificity and temperature sensitivity were observed for phasiRNA expression. In leaves, the TAS genes are highly activated under low temperature. Several trans‐acting siRNA—target pairs are also temperature‐sensitive. In many cases, the phasiRNA expression patterns correlate well with those of the processing signals. Analysis of the rRNA‐depleted degradome uncovered several phasiRNA loci to be RNA polymerase II‐independent. Our results should advance the understanding on phasiRNA biogenesis and regulation in plants.
Modulation of fluorescence and phosphorescence of organoboron compounds from ortho‐substituted phenolic Schiff bases by structural modification
Authors: Chowdhury Arkaprava , Dasgupta Souradip , Gaur Nrita , Shukla Aparna , Adhyapak Pranav , Kabra Dinesh , Datta Anindya 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLight emission from organoboron compounds of Schiff bases is found to depend strongly on their chemical structure. Two of these compounds (OB1 and OB2), which contain a benzene ring between the Schiff base moieties, exhibit weak fluorescence in methanol, with marked viscosity dependence. Fluorescence lifetimes of these compounds are in picosecond timescale, as determined by femtosecond optical gating (FOG). A significant enhancement in fluorescence intensity and lifetime is observed at 77 K, indicating the operation of an activated nonradiative process. Using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), OB1 and OB2 are shown to be potential membrane probes. The third (OB3), which is devoid of this benzene ring, exhibits relatively stronger fluorescence with nanosecond lifetimes at room temperature. No viscosity dependence is observed in this case. The emission spectrum at 77 K is markedly more intense and exhibits an additional red shifted structured feature, which persists for a few seconds. Hence, OB3 seems to have greater promise not only as fluorescent probe but also for light harvesting. The marked improvement of the light emission properties of OB3 compared with OB1 and OB2 is likely to serve as a pointer for the design of Schiff base‐derived organoboron luminophores with diverse potential applications.