bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Behavior to Bio-Inspiration: Aerial Reorientation and Multi-Plane Stability in Kangaroo Rats, Computational Models, and Robots
Authors: Chu Xiangyu , Schwaner M Janneke , An Jiajun , Wang Shengzhi , McGowan Craig P , Au Kwok Wai Samuel 
Published: June 2024

Synopsis
Tails play essential roles in functions related to locomotor stability and maneuverability among terrestrial and arboreal animals. In kangaroo rats, bipedal hopping rodents, tails are used as effective inertial appendages for stability in hopping, but also facilitate stability and maneuverability during predator escape leaps. The complexity of tail functionality shows great potential for bio-inspiration and robotic device design, as maneuvering is accomplished by a long and light-weight inertial appendage. To (1) further understand the mechanics of how kangaroo rats use their tails during aerial maneuvers and (2) explore if we can achieve this behavior with a simplified tail-like appendage (i.e., template), we combined quantified animal observations, computational simulations, and experiments with a two degrees of freedom (2-DoF) tailed robot. We used video data from free-ranging kangaroo rats escaping from a simulated predator and analyzed body and tail motion for the airborne phase. To explain tail contributions to body orientation (i.e., spatial reorientation), we built a mid-air kangaroo rat computational model and demonstrated that the three-dimensional body orientation of the model can be controlled by a simplified 2-DoF tail with a nonlinear control strategy. Resulting simulated trajectories show movement patterns similar to those observed in kangaroo rats. Our robot experiments show that a lightweight tail can generate a large yaw displacement and stabilize pitch and roll angles to zero simultaneously. Our work contributes to better understanding of the form-function relationship of the kangaroo rat tail and lays out an important foundation for bio-inspiration in robotic devices that have lightweight tail-like appendages for mid-air maneuvering.
Empirical dynamic modeling for sustainable benchmarks of short-lived species
Authors: Tsai Cheng-Han , Munch Stephan B , Masi Michelle D , Stevens Molly H 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The abundance dynamics of short-lived marine species often exhibit large-amplitude fluctuations, potentially driven by unknown but important species interactions and environmental effects. These complex dynamics pose challenges in forecasting and establishing robust reference points. Here, we introduce an empirical dynamic modeling (EDM) framework using time-delay embeddings to recover unspecified species interactions and environmental effects, and use walk-forward simulations with varying harvest rates to estimate maximum sustainable yield (MSY). Firstly, we apply our framework to simulated data under various dynamics scenarios and demonstrate the statistical robustness of EDM-based MSY. Secondly, we apply our framework to abundance and catch time series (&gt;30 years) of federally managed brown shrimp stocks in the US Gulf of Mexico. We identify nonlinear signals and achieve high prediction accuracy in the empirical dynamics of brown shrimp. Lastly, based on the EDM of brown shrimp dynamics, we obtain MSY for timely and effective management. Our results highlight the utility of EDM in deriving reference points for short-lived species, particularly in situations where stock abundance and catch dynamics are influenced by unobserved species interactions and environmental effects in a complex ecosystem.
Legendre spectral method and error estimates for Helmholtz transmission eigenvalues in a cylinder
Authors: Tan Ting , Cao Waixiang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper, an efficient Legendre spectral method based on a mixed formulation is proposed for Helmholtz transmission eigenvalues in a cylinder. To cope with the difficulty caused by the nonself-conjugacy of the problem, two auxiliary functions are first introduced to transform the initial problem into an equivalent fourth-order coupled form. Then the original three-dimensional problem is decomposed into a series of decoupled two-dimensional fourth-order transmission eigenvalue problems, with the help of the cylindrical coordinate transformation and the orthogonality of Fourier basis functions. By using the compact embedding theory of a class of weighted Sobolev spaces, a weak form and its discrete scheme for each two-dimensional fourth-order transmission eigenvalue problem are derived. Finally, error estimates for both the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions approximations are established, and the error is proved to converge exponentially with respect to the polynomial degree. Numerical experiments are provided to confirm the theoretical findings and to validate the efficiency of our algorithm.
Consistency is key: documentation distribution and efficiency in primary care
Authors: Apathy Nate C , Biro Joshua , Holmgren A Jay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
We analyzed the degree to which daily documentation patterns in primary care varied and whether specific patterns, consistency over time, and deviations from clinicians’ usual patterns were associated with note-writing efficiency.

Materials and Methods
We used electronic health record (EHR) active use data from the Oracle Cerner Advance platform capturing hourly active documentation time for 498 physicians and advance practice clinicians (eg, nurse practitioners) for 65 152 clinic days. We used k-means clustering to identify distinct daily patterns of active documentation time and analyzed the relationship between these patterns and active documentation time per note. We determined each primary care clinician’s (PCC) modal documentation pattern and analyzed how consistency and deviations were related to documentation efficiency.

Results
We identified 8 distinct daily documentation patterns; the 3 most common patterns accounted for 80.6% of PCC-days and differed primarily in average volume of documentation time (78.1 minutes per day; 35.4 minutes per day; 144.6 minutes per day); associations with note efficiency were mixed. PCCs with &gt;80% of days attributable to a single pattern demonstrated significantly more efficient documentation than PCCs with lower consistency; for high-consistency PCCs, days that deviated from their usual patterns were associated with less efficient documentation.

Discussion
We found substantial variation in efficiency across daily documentation patterns, suggesting that PCC-level factors like EHR facility and consistency may be more important than when documentation occurs. There were substantial efficiency returns to consistency, and deviations from consistent patterns were costly.

Conclusion
Organizational leaders aiming to reduce documentation burden should pay specific attention to the ability for PCCs to execute consistent documentation patterns day-to-day.
Workflow analysis of breast cancer treatment decision-making: challenges and opportunities for informatics to support patient-centered cancer care
Authors: Salwei Megan E , Reale Carrie 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective
Decision support can improve shared decision-making for breast cancer treatment, but workflow barriers have hindered widespread use of these tools. The goal of this study was to understand the workflow among breast cancer teams of clinicians, patients, and their family caregivers when making treatment decisions and identify design guidelines for informatics tools to better support treatment decision-making.

Materials and Methods
We conducted observations of breast cancer clinicians during routine clinical care from February to August 2022. Guided by the work system model, a human factors engineering model that describes the elements of work, we recorded all aspects of clinician workflow using a tablet and smart pencil. Observation notes were transcribed and uploaded into Dedoose. Two researchers inductively coded the observations. We identified themes relevant to the design of decision support that we classified into the 4 components of workflow (ie, flow of information, tasks, tools and technologies, and people).

Results
We conducted 20 observations of breast cancer clinicians (total: 79 hours). We identified 10 themes related to workflow that present challenges and opportunities for decision support design. We identified approximately 48 different decisions discussed during breast cancer visits. These decisions were often interdependent and involved collaboration across the large cancer treatment team. Numerous patient-specific factors (eg, work, hobbies, family situation) were discussed when making treatment decisions as well as complex risk and clinical information. Patients were frequently asked to remember and relay information across the large cancer team.

Discussion and Conclusion
Based on these findings, we proposed design guidelines for informatics tools to support the complex workflows involved in breast cancer care. These guidelines should inform the design of informatics solutions to better support breast cancer decision-making and improve patient-centered cancer care.
The gut bacterial composition across life stages of Sarcophaga peregrina (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) and the effects of amikacin on their development
Authors: Yang Fengqin , Ma Qiongshan , Zhang Xiangyan , Shang Yanjie , Ngando Fernand Jocelin , Ren Lipin , Cai Jifeng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Insects and microorganisms, ubiquitous organisms in the natural world, have developed intricate relationships throughout their evolutionary histories. However, most studies have concentrated on specific time points or life stages, but some limited studies have investigated the dynamics of microbial diversity within insects across life stages. Here, 16S rDNA sequencing technology was used to investigate the gut bacterial community across the life stages of Sarcophaga peregrina (Robineau-Desvoidy) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae). The results revealed that the gut bacterial diversity of S. peregrina varied with life stage and showed similarity in the nearby life stages. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla in S. peregrina. Genera such as Providencia, Ignatzschineria, and Myroides are implicated in potentially pivotal roles during the developmental processes of this flesh fly. Furthermore, the effects of amikacin on the growth and development of S. peregrina were not statistically significant. However, we did observe significant changes at the protein level, which suggests a close association between protein-level alterations and growth and development. Additionally, we speculate that S. peregrina regulates its nutritional status during nonfeeding stages to meet the demands of eclosion. This study represents the first comprehensive examination of the intestinal bacterial composition across various life stages of S. peregrina. Our findings deepen our understanding of the gut microbiota in this flesh fly and lay the groundwork for further exploration into the intricate interactions between microorganisms and insects.
Effectiveness of pharmacist intervention on antidepressant medication knowledge, necessity, and concerns beliefs in patients with depression
Authors: Yusuf Hadiza , Mohammed Shafiu , Magaji Mohammed Garba , Maiha Bilkisu Bello , Bello Shakirat Iyabo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Sub-optimal patient medication knowledge, negative beliefs, and concerns about the potential of medications to cause harm are important contributory factors to non-adherence in patients with depression.

Objectives
To assess the effectiveness of a pharmacist intervention on antidepressant medication knowledge, necessity, and concerns beliefs in patients with depression.

Methods
A prospective interventional study (approval number: ABUCUHSR/2020/018) was carried out between April 2019 and March 2020 at the Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria. Patients were randomized into the usual care or intervention group. The intervention consisted of an educational programme, and data were collected at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Patient knowledge about medicines and beliefs about medicines questionnaires were used to assess patient knowledge and beliefs.

Key findings
A total of 49 (81.6%) and 52 (86.6%) participants completed the 6-month follow-up in the usual care and intervention groups, respectively. Significant improvements in mean medication knowledge scores of participants in the intervention group were observed at 3 months (P &lt; .001) and 6 months (P &lt; .001), respectively. Significant improvements in mean medication necessity and concerns belief scores of participants in the intervention group were also observed at 3 months (P &lt; .001) and 6 months (P &lt; .001), respectively. Medication knowledge (P &lt; .001, partial η2 = 0.203), medication necessity (P &lt; .001, partial η2 = 0.329), and medication concerns (P &lt; .001, partial η2 = 0.163) positively changed with time.

Conclusion
Pharmacist intervention significantly improved antidepressant medication knowledge, necessity, and concerns beliefs in patients with major depressive disorder.
Reconstruction of a left main coronary artery aneurysm using a radial artery patch
Authors: Doronila Hazel , Kypson Alan , Landvater Lance , Anderson Curtis 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A left main coronary artery aneurysm is a rare anomaly. There are no standardized treatment guidelines given the infrequency of reported cases. A 70-year-old African American female with an enlarging distal left main coronary artery aneurysm was taken to the operating room for surgical intervention. The patient underwent a successful open surgical repair of the aneurysm with reconstruction of the distal left main using a radial artery patch. No coronary bypasses were necessary. Aneurysm ligation with concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting is commonly reported but reconstruction may be preferable when the anatomy is suitable. Preservation of nonobstructed native coronary artery circulation should also be considered to avoid life-long graft dependency.
Nanoscale Analysis of Frozen Water by Atom Probe Tomography Using Graphene Encapsulation and Cryo-Workflows
Authors: Exertier Florant , Tegg Levi , Taylor Adam , Cairney Julie M , Fu Jing , Marceau Ross K W 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
There has been an increasing interest in atom probe tomography (APT) to characterize hydrated and biological materials. A major benefit of APT compared to microscopy techniques more commonly used in biology is its combination of outstanding three-dimensional (3D) spatial resolution and mass sensitivity. APT has already been successfully used to characterize biominerals, revealing key structural information at the atomic scale, however there are many challenges inherent to the analysis of soft hydrated materials. New preparation protocols, often involving specimen preparation and transfer at cryogenic temperature, enable APT analysis of hydrated materials and have the potential to enable 3D atomic scale characterization of biological materials in the near-native hydrated state. In this study, samples of pure water at the tips of tungsten needle specimens were prepared at room temperature by graphene encapsulation. A comparative study was conducted where specimens were transferred at either room temperature or cryo-temperature and analyzed by APT by varying the flight path and pulsing mode. The differences between the analysis workflows are presented along with recommendations for future studies, and the compatibility between graphene coating and cryogenic workflows is demonstrated.
Accretion properties of a low-mass active galactic nucleus: UGC 6728
Authors: Nandi Prantik , Naik Sachindra , Chatterjee Arka , Chakrabarti Sandip K , Safi-Harb Samar , Kumari Neeraj , Layek Narendranath 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
We present a comprehensive analysis of approximately 15 years (2006–2021) of X-ray observations of UGC 6728, a low-mass bare AGN, for the first time. Our study encompasses both spectral and temporal aspects of this source. The spectral properties of this source are studied using various phenomenological and physical models. We conclude that (a) the observed variability in X-ray luminosity is not attributed to the hydrogen column density (NH) as UGC 6728 exhibits a bare nucleus, implying a negligible NH contribution along the line of sight, and (b) the spectral slope in the X-ray band demonstrates a systematic variation over time, indicating a transition from a relatively hard state to a comparatively soft state. We propose that the underlying accretion dynamics around the central object account for this behaviour. By performing X-ray spectral fitting, we estimate the mass of the central supermassive black hole (SMBH) in UGC 6728 to be $M_{\rm BH}=(7.13\pm 1.23)\times 10^5$ M$_\odot$. Based on our spectral and temporal analysis, we suggest that UGC 6728 lacks a prominent Compton hump or exhibits a very subtle hump that remains undetectable in our analysis. Furthermore, the high-energy X-ray photons in this source are likely to originate from the low-energy X-ray photons through inverse Compton scattering in a Compton cloud, highlighting a connection between the emission in two energy ranges. We noticed a strong soft excess component in the initial part of our observations, which was later reduced substantially. This variation of soft excess is explained in view of accretion dynamics.
Overcoming confusion noise with hyperspectral imaging from PRIMAger
Authors: Donnellan J M S , Oliver S J , Béthermin M , Bing L , Bolatto A , Bradford C M , Burgarella D , Ciesla L , Glenn J , Pope A , Serjeant S , Shirley R , Smith J D T , Sorrell C 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
The PRobe far-Infrared Mission for Astrophysics (PRIMA) concept aims to perform mapping with spectral coverage and sensitivities inaccessible to previous FIR space telescopes. PRIMA’s imaging instrument, PRIMAger, provides unique hyperspectral imaging simultaneously covering 25–235 µm. We synthesize images representing a deep, 1500 h deg−2 PRIMAger survey, with realistic instrumental and confusion noise. We demonstrate that we can construct catalogues of galaxies with a high purity (&gt;95 per cent) at a source density of 42 k deg−2 using PRIMAger data alone. Using the XID+ deblending tool, we show that we measure fluxes with an accuracy better than 20 per cent to flux levels of 0.16, 0.80, 9.7, and 15 mJy at 47.4, 79.7, 172, and 235 µm, respectively. These are a factor of ∼2 and ∼3 fainter than the classical confusion limits for 72–96 and 126–235 µm, respectively. At $1.5 \le z \le 2$, we detect and accurately measure fluxes in 8–10 of the 10 channels covering 47–235 µm for sources with $2 \lesssim \log ({\rm SFR}) \lesssim 2.5$, a 0.5 dex improvement on what might be expected from the classical confusion limit. Recognizing that PRIMager will operate in a context where high-quality data will be available at other wavelengths, we investigate the benefits of introducing additional prior information. We show that by introducing even weak prior flux information when employing a higher source density catalogue (more than one source per beam), we can obtain accurate fluxes an order of magnitude below the classical confusion limit for 96–235 µm.
The Feasibility of Songwriting as Stress Management for Parents of Hospitalized Children
Authors: Marcovitz Jenna , Zhang Qiang , Jang Hayley , Adelman Sophie , Pincus Bethany , Bauman Julia , Mullur Rashmi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Parents of hospitalized children are exposed to a multitude of psychological, emotional, and physical stressors. This exploratory program examined the feasibility of songwriting interventions to reduce parental stress levels during hospitalization. Board-certified music therapists facilitated songwriting sessions with parents of hospitalized children within two inpatient children’s hospitals. Fifteen parents’ stress levels were measured over the course of 5 months. The validated Stress Numeric Rating Scale (SNRS-11) was used to measure parents’ pre- and post-stress levels when songwriting interventions were facilitated, with 0 indicating low-stress levels and 10 indicating high-stress levels. Results showed a significant reduction in mean stress levels, from 6.07 pre-session to 2.33 post-session (p = .002). Our findings support the existing data on the feasibility and effectiveness of songwriting as part of a music therapy program to provide non-pharmacological stress management. To our knowledge, our pilot is one of the first to specifically investigate the impact of songwriting on parent stress levels in the inpatient pediatric hospital setting.
The Concept of Soundscape as a Bridge between East and West
Authors: Imada Tadahiko 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
It was during the last decade of the nineteenth century that Western modernism, including literature and the visual and performing arts, made its appearance in Japan. In the case of music, the Meiji Restoration government (1868‒1912) strongly promoted European music to many elementary schools right after the failure to create a new Japanese music. More significant was the fact that the history of European classical music, which evolved over several centuries in the West, was introduced into Japan within a period of approximately ten years. Since then, European music’s autonomy and hegemony have been received at face value and taken for granted in Japan. The Canadian composer R. Murray Schafer attempted to retune and recreate this unequal flow between East and West in music education, and his concept of soundscape can possibly make music education more transparent in Japan. The author attempts to enter that discourse in this chapter.
Memayu Hayuning Bawana
Authors: Pranoto Henry Susanto 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Music educators often require their students to be disciplined, but harmful discipline may lead to behavioral problems, educational weariness, rebellious attitude, and traumatic experiences. This chapter aims to explore the Javanese philosophy of life—memayu hayuning bawana—which aspires to safety, happiness, and world peace by preserving and maintaining harmony. This philosophy can be expressed in four living principles: steadfastness (prihatin), full acceptance of circumstance (nrimo), tolerance (tepa slira), and selflessness (tresno). It is applied not only in the tolerant culture, with hopes that it may help avoid conflict and encourage peace, but also in traditional gamelan teaching. Further study and embodiment of this philosophy may be necessary for contemporary music education worldwide, especially in Asia. By applying this Javanese philosophy (memayu hayuning bawana), music educators may develop broader and more positive teaching skills. As educators interact closely with students, music educators’ influence on students is unequivocal.
Sensory Imbibing, Indian Philosophy, and Vedic Metal
Authors: Dairianathan Eugene 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter begins with an exposition of the Indian philosophical tradition and practice of Advaita Vedanta (2000 to 800/600 BCE, the Upanishads), of a contemplation of a Self (ātman) as inner essence of personhood and cosmic universe. Studying exegetical contemplations of corporeality and incorporeality from a distant past raises question about (1) the prospect of applicability in the present, and (2) concepts of sound and music connected with this philosophical tradition. The author explores these issues through a Metal group in Singapore known as Rudra, whose Vedic Metal repertoire is inspired by their commentaries on texts from the Vedanta. Two musical compositions are studied as intersections of Vedic philosophical texts and Rudra’s Metal soundscapes. Coming to terms with sound in Vedanta contexts and Rudra’s soundscapes, the author considers points of coincidence and the implications for the role of Asian philosophy in twenty-first-century music education.