bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cathodic Electrosynthesis of H2O2 Using Sustainable Cellulose‐Co‐ZIF Electrocatalyst
Authors: Liu Detao , Luo Yao , Qian Zhiyun , Li Xiaoming , Chen Yonghao , Zhong Zhihao , Ji Wenhao , Wang Yan , Tian Zhe 
Published: June 2024

AbstractManufacturing the biochar‐derived 2e‐electron oxygen reduction (2e‐ORR) electrocatalyst from sustainable biomass promises a cost‐effective alternative for typical petroleum‐based resources, but still suffers from inferior catalytic activity and low 2e‐ORR selectivity. Here, the study demonstrates a simple and effective strategy for achieving high‐performance sustainable Co‐ZIF‐engineered cellulose electrocatalyst, enabling in situ growth of nanostructured ZIF‐67 particles around the abundant hydrophilic oxygen‐containing micro‐scale cellulose fibers. Through a simple one‐step pyrolysis at 900 °C of the cellulose‐Co‐ZIF substrate, a high‐porosity carbonous the Co‐ZIF‐CC catalyst is obtained that possesses active sites and carbon defects, facilitating 2e‐ORR progress for H2O2 production. By utilizing O2 as reaction gas, it can electrochemically generate H2O2 concentration attaining up to 555.1 mg L−1, outperforming a nearly five‐fold increase compared to that using air, and also showing about maximin thirty times higher compared to exiting biochar‐based 2e‐ORR electrocatalysts from biomass. The proposed cellulose‐Co‐ZIF strategy breakthroughs the next generation of sustainable 2e‐ORR electrocatalysts from renewable bioresources with low‐cost, economic ecology, beyond the wide potential applications for other electrocatalysts.
Target Identification and Mechanistic Characterization of Indole Terpenoid Mimics: Proper Spindle Microtubule Assembly Is Essential for Cdh1‐Mediated Proteolysis of CENP‐A
Authors: Peng Yan , Zhang Yumeng , Fang Ruan , Jiang Hao , Lan Gongcai , Xu Zhou , Liu Yajie , Nie Zhaoyang , Ren Lu , Wang Fengcan , Zhang Shou‐De , Ma Yuyong , Yang Peng , Ge Hong‐Hua , Zhang Wei‐Dong , Luo Cheng , Li Ang , He Weiwei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCentromere protein A (CENP‐A), a centromere‐specific histone H3 variant, is crucial for kinetochore positioning and chromosome segregation. However, its regulatory mechanism in human cells remains incompletely understood. A structure‐activity relationship (SAR) study of the cell‐cycle‐arresting indole terpenoid mimic JP18 leads to the discovery of two more potent analogs, (+)‐6‐Br‐JP18 and (+)‐6‐Cl‐JP18. Tubulin is identified as a potential cellular target of these halogenated analogs by using the drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) based method. X‐ray crystallography analysis reveals that both molecules bind to the colchicine‐binding site of β‐tubulin. Treatment of human cells with microtubule‐targeting agents (MTAs), including these two compounds, results in CENP‐A accumulation by destabilizing Cdh1, a co‐activator of the anaphase‐promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) E3 ubiquitin ligase. This study establishes a link between microtubule dynamics and CENP‐A accumulation using small‐molecule tools and highlights the role of Cdh1 in CENP‐A proteolysis.
Smart Microneedle Arrays Integrating Cell‐Free Therapy and Nanocatalysis to Treat Liver Fibrosis
Authors: Xu Yanteng , Zhang Yixin , Tian Hao , Zhong Qingguo , Yi Ke , Li Fenfang , Xue Tiantian , Wang Haixia , Lao Yeh‐Hsing , Xu Yingying , Li Yinxiong , Long Ling , Li Kai , Tao Yu , Li Mingqiang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLiver fibrosis is a chronic pathological condition lacking specific clinical treatments. Stem cells, with notable potential in regenerative medicine, offer promise in treating liver fibrosis. However, stem cell therapy is hindered by potential immunological rejection, carcinogenesis risk, efficacy variation, and high cost. Stem cell secretome‐based cell‐free therapy offers potential solutions to address these challenges, but it is limited by low delivery efficiency and rapid clearance. Herein, an innovative approach for in situ implantation of smart microneedle (MN) arrays enabling precisely controlled delivery of multiple therapeutic agents directly into fibrotic liver tissues is developed. By integrating cell‐free and platinum‐based nanocatalytic combination therapy, the MN arrays can deactivate hepatic stellate cells. Moreover, they promote excessive extracellular matrix degradation by more than 75%, approaching normal levels. Additionally, the smart MN arrays can provide hepatocyte protection while reducing inflammation levels by ≈70–90%. They can also exhibit remarkable capability in scavenging almost 100% of reactive oxygen species and alleviating hypoxia. Ultimately, this treatment strategy can effectively restrain fibrosis progression. The comprehensive in vitro and in vivo experiments, supplemented by proteome and transcriptome analyses, substantiate the effectiveness of the approach in treating liver fibrosis, holding immense promise for clinical applications.
An Atomistic View on the Mechanism of Diatom Peptide‐Guided Biomimetic Silica Formation
Authors: Kozak Fanny , Brandis Dörte , Pötzl Christopher , Epasto Ludovica M. , Reichinger Daniela , Obrist Dominik , Peterlik Herwig , Polyansky Anton , Zagrovic Bojan , Daus Fabian , Geyer Armin , Becker Christian FW , Kurzbach Dennis 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDeciphering nature's remarkable way of encoding functions in its biominerals holds the potential to enable the rational development of nature‐inspired materials with tailored properties. However, the complex processes that convert solution‐state precursors into solid biomaterials remain largely unknown. In this study, an unconventional approach is presented to characterize these precursors for the diatom‐derived peptides R5 and synthetic Silaffin‐1A1 (synSil‐1A1). These molecules can form defined supramolecular assemblies in solution, which act as templates for solid silica structures. Using a tailored structural biology toolbox, the structure‐function relationships of these self‐assemblies are unveiled. NMR‐derived constraints are employed to enable a recently developed fractal‐cluster formalism and then reveal the architecture of the peptide assemblies in atomistic detail. Finally, by monitoring the self‐assembly activities during silica formation at simultaneous high temporal and residue resolution using real‐time spectroscopy, the mechanism is elucidated underlying template‐driven silica formation. Thus, it is demonstrated how to exercise morphology control over bioinorganic solids by manipulating the template architectures. It is found that the morphology of the templates is translated into the shape of bioinorganic particles via a mechanism that includes silica nucleation on the solution‐state complexes’ surfaces followed by complete surface coating and particle precipitation.
Controlling Pericellular Oxygen Tension in Cell Culture Reveals Distinct Breast Cancer Responses to Low Oxygen Tensions
Authors: Rogers Zachary J. , Colombani Thibault , Khan Saad , Bhatt Khushbu , Nukovic Alexandra , Zhou Guanyu , Woolston Benjamin M. , Taylor Cormac T. , Gilkes Daniele M. , Slavov Nikolai , Bencherif Sidi A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn oxygen (O2)‐controlled cell culture, an indispensable tool in biological research, it is presumed that the incubator setpoint equals the O2 tension experienced by cells (i.e., pericellular O2). However, it is discovered that physioxic (5% O2) and hypoxic (1% O2) setpoints regularly induce anoxic (0% O2) pericellular tensions in both adherent and suspension cell cultures. Electron transport chain inhibition ablates this effect, indicating that cellular O2 consumption is the driving factor. RNA‐seq analysis revealed that primary human hepatocytes cultured in physioxia experience ischemia‐reperfusion injury due to cellular O2 consumption. A reaction‐diffusion model is developed to predict pericellular O2 tension a priori, demonstrating that the effect of cellular O2 consumption has the greatest impact in smaller volume culture vessels. By controlling pericellular O2 tension in cell culture, it is found that hypoxia vs. anoxia induce distinct breast cancer transcriptomic and translational responses, including modulation of the hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF) pathway and metabolic reprogramming. Collectively, these findings indicate that breast cancer cells respond non‐monotonically to low O2, suggesting that anoxic cell culture is not suitable for modeling hypoxia. Furthermore, it is shown that controlling atmospheric O2 tension in cell culture incubators is insufficient to regulate O2 in cell culture, thus introducing the concept of pericellular O2‐controlled cell culture.
Ternary Metal Sulfides as Electrode Materials for Na/K‐Ion Batteries and Electrochemical Supercapacitor: Advances/Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Pramanik Atin , Sengupta Shilpi , Saju Sreehari K. , Chattopadhyay Shreyasi , Kundu Manab , Ajayan Pulickel M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTernary metal sulfides (TMSs) have garnered significant attention as alternative electrode materials for rechargeable metal‐ion battery anodes and electrodes for electrochemical supercapacitors (SCs). With the escalating costs of lithium, research has shifted toward alternative sources like sodium‐ion batteries (NIBs) and potassium‐ion batteries (KIBs), offering cost‐effectiveness and greater natural abundance globally. However, pursuing suitable electrode materials beyond lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), such as NIBs, KIBs, and SCs with enhanced energy and power density, remains a formidable challenge. In this context, TMSs demonstrate remarkable reversibility as NIB, KIB, and SC electrode materials, showcasing multi‐electron redox reactions, improved electronic conductivity, and higher theoretical capacities. Numerous research articles have highlighted the promising future of TMSs as electrodes for electrochemical energy conversion and storage (EECS). Nonetheless, practical applications are hindered by limitations, including structural stability during long‐standing cyclability, electronic conductivity, and scalability. This review systematically demonstrates how varying synthesis routes can tailor nanostructures and their influence on electrochemical activity. Additionally, an in‐depth literature survey is provided on the electrochemical performances of TMSs in NIBs, KIBs, and SCs and summarize recent advancements with the best available literature. Moreover, promising prospects and challenges are highlighted, expressing optimism that TMSs will emerge as pivotal electrodes for EECS.
Socio‐economic impacts of climate change and adaptation actions among smallholder fish farmers in Sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Muthoka Mavindu , Ouko Kevin Okoth , Mboya Jimmy Brian , Ndambuki Merceline Ndinda , Outa Nicholas , Ogello Erick , Obiero Kevin , Ogola Robert John , Midamba Dick Chune , Njogu Lucy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAquaculture is the world's fastest‐growing food‐producing sector, making it a significant contributor to food and nutrition security for the globally growing human population. Nevertheless, its long‐term growth is limited by the effects of climate change. Aquaculture in Sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA), which is dominated by small‐scale fish farming, is increasingly threatened by climate change, which has a substantial influence on its productivity and scalability. In this context, the present research looks at the socio‐economic consequences of climate change on small‐scale fish producers in SSA, as well as potential adaptation techniques to the effects of climate change. A clear understanding of these socio‐economic repercussions of climate change is critical for developing effective strategies to reduce future impacts and safeguard aquaculture‐based livelihoods. Furthermore, understanding the socio‐economic consequences of climate change on communities dependent on aquaculture is important for advising policymakers and decision‐makers on formulating and implementing policies that sustain aquaculture production amidst the climate change crisis. This article suggests various adaptation strategies to increase resilience to climate change, including diversification of livelihoods and species, use and incorporation of local and indigenous knowledge, shifting to aquaculture species less vulnerable to changing climatic conditions, capacity building through aquaculture insurance schemes, continued fish supply from capture fisheries, and consolidation of equity and human rights concerns. These adaptive methods, when combined, have the potential to enhance outcomes for populations who are more susceptible owing to their unstable socio‐economic conditions.
CO2 absorption mechanism and kinetic modeling of mixed amines with ionic liquid activation
Authors: Jia Rui‐Qi , Wu Qing , Zhang Liang‐Liang , Zhang Bo , Chu Guang‐Wen , Chen Jian‐Feng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIonic liquid (IL) can not only serve as solvents to reduce carbon capture energy consumption, but also may activate the CO2 absorption of amine solutions. Here, the absorption mechanism and kinetic modeling of IL‐activated single and mixed amines were studied in wetted wall column. N‐(2‐aminoethyl) ethanolamine (AEEA) and N,N‐diethylethanolamine (DEEA) were used as representatives to evaluate the IL activation effects on primary and tertiary amines. It was found that IL activated the reaction process of primary amine, but had no activation effect on tertiary amine. The activation energy of AEEA‐IL‐CO2 was 22.2 kJ/mol, which was 21.0% lower than AEEA‐CO2. Kinetic modeling of IL‐activated AEEA and mixed amines was established. Besides, the density functional theory calculations showed that IL can form hydrogen bonding and other interactions with AEEA and CO2 to activate the absorption reaction, which can reduce 29.3% activation energy during the zwitterion formation stage.
Modularization of Immobilized Multienzyme Cascades for Continuous‐Flow Enantioselective C−H Amination
Authors: Kong Weixi , Huang Chen , Zhou Liya , Gao Jing , Ma Li , Liu Yunting , Jiang Yanjun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMultienzyme cascades (MECs) have gained much attention in synthetic chemistry but remain far from being a reliable synthetic tool. Here we report a four‐enzyme cascade comprising a cofactor‐independent and a cofactor self‐sustaining bienzymatic modules for the enantioselective benzylic C−H amination of arylalkanes, a challenging transformation from bulk chemicals to high value‐added chiral amines. The two modules were subsequently optimized by enzyme co‐immobilization with microenvironmental tuning, and finally integrated in a gas‐liquid segmented flow system, resulting in simultaneous improvements in enzyme performance, mass transfer, system compatibility, and productivity. The flow system enabled continuous C−H amination of arylalkanes (up to 100 mM) utilizing the sole cofactor NADH (0.5 mM) in >90 % conversion, achieving a high space‐time yield (STY) of 3.6 g ⋅ L−1 ⋅ h−1, which is a 90‐fold increase over the highest value previously reported.
Assessment of frequency and amplitude dependence on the cyclic degradation of polyurethane foams
Authors: Foster Moira M. , Morrison Daniel C. , Landauer Alexander K. , Herynk Mark D. , Lamberson Leslie E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMany energy absorption applications utilize flexible polymeric foams for their viscoelastic properties. It is desired that the material will perform consistently across repeated compression cycles. This study examines the effect of fatigue at low strain rates on the viscoelasticity of open‐cell polyurethane foam. Six polyurethanes of the same base composition with two porosities (70% and 80%) and three chemical indexes (79i, 100i, and 121i) are tested. Large deformation cyclic compression of the foams is conducted on a universal testing system (UTS). These data are then post‐processed leveraging dynamic mechanical analysis Fourier transform rheology to characterize changes in the viscoelasticity of the materials over fatigue cycles. Results show that foams can increase or decrease in stiffness up to 10% over 104 cycles. Specifically, higher chemical index, higher excitation frequency, and larger excitation amplitude correlate with a more pronounced decrease in stiffness. Damping can also change by 15% and correlates with chemical index and excitation frequency. Consequently, the findings suggest that internal foam structure and bulk material properties as well as applied loading parameters affect the viscoelastic fatigue response of flexible polymeric foams.
Fluid Financing of Water Utility Infrastructure With WIFIA
Authors: Franco Sean , Carpenter Adam T. 
Published: June 2024

Key TakeawaysThe Water Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act (WIFIA) is a US Environmental Protection Agency finance program that has gained bipartisan support over its decade of existence.WIFIA is designed to accelerate nationally or regionally significant infrastructure projects by providing low‐interest loans for water projects.Loan amounts vary across project types, but not among project types per capita.Generally, stormwater and drinking water project types have lower loan amounts, while wastewater and reuse project types have a wider range.
Dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy after preimplantation genetic testing and single blastocyst transfer
Authors: Huang Qiuxiang , Yan Wei , Mao Lihua , Wang Caixia , Lin Juan , Liu Yun , Wang Zhihong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn addition to the potential for multiple pregnancies, natural conception occurring in preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) increases undesired genetic risk. Some studies showed that a dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy after a single blastocyst transfer could be caused by embryo splitting or concurrent spontaneous conception.CaseWe describe a patient undergoing PGT who had a dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy after single blastocyst transfer in a natural cycle. In this case, we recommended to determine genetic status of the twins by prenatal diagnosis. The results showed that karyotype, chromosome copy number variation, and parental ACAT1 variation of the twins were all normal and similar. To investigate the origin of pregnancy, we used the genotype data of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms typical of genome‐wide association studies. Dizygotic twins were inferred by robust estimation of kinship coefficients, which confirmed the occurrence of a spontaneous conception.ConclusionsThis case strengthens the importance of genetic counseling to inform couples with reproductive genetic risk, such as those who undergo PGT, that intercourse should be avoided, especially in natural transfer cycles. Moreover, prenatal diagnosis remains essential and is strongly recommended to avoid genetic risks.
C2H2 proteins: Evolutionary aspects of domain architecture and diversification
Authors: Bonchuk Artem N. , Georgiev Pavel G. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe largest group of transcription factors in higher eukaryotes are C2H2 proteins, which contain C2H2‐type zinc finger domains that specifically bind to DNA. Few well‐studied C2H2 proteins, however, demonstrate their key role in the control of gene expression and chromosome architecture. Here we review the features of the domain architecture of C2H2 proteins and the likely origin of C2H2 zinc fingers. A comprehensive investigation of proteomes for the presence of proteins with multiple clustered C2H2 domains has revealed a key difference between groups of organisms. Unlike plants, transcription factors in metazoans contain clusters of C2H2 domains typically separated by a linker with the TGEKP consensus sequence. The average size of C2H2 clusters varies substantially, even between genomes of higher metazoans, and with a tendency to increase in combination with SCAN, and especially KRAB domains, reflecting the increasing complexity of gene regulatory networks.
Renal cell carcinoma and risk of second primary cancer: A Danish nationwide cohort study
Authors: Bengtsen Maria B. , Farkas Dóra K. , Sørensen Henrik T. , Nørgaard Mette 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimTo examine the risk of second primary cancer in patients with incident renal cell carcinoma (RCC).MethodsWe identified all patients diagnosed with incident RCC during 1995–2019, using population‐based Danish medical registries. Patients were followed from the date of RCC diagnosis until any second primary cancer diagnosis, death, emigration, or December 31, 2019, whichever came first. We computed the absolute risk, standardized incidence ratio (SIR), and excess absolute risk of second primary cancer, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), among patients with RCC compared to the general population.ResultsThe absolute 1‐ and 20‐year risks of any second primary cancer were 2.8% and 17.8%, respectively. Within 1 year after RCC diagnosis, we detected 20 excess cancer cases per 1000 person‐years (PY) (SIR, 2.3; 95% CI: 2.1–2.6). Moreover, we detected an additional four excess cancer cases per 1000 PY during 1 to <5 years of follow‐up (SIR, 1.3; 95% CI: 1.2–1.4), and 6 per 1000 PY beyond 5 years of follow‐up (SIR, 1.4; 95% CI: 1.3–1.5). The sustained elevated cancer risk beyond 1 year of follow‐up was mainly attributed to excess risk of lung and bladder cancer. The risk of second primary cancer was higher in 2006–2019 than in 1995–2005, but only during the first year of follow‐up.ConclusionPatients with incident RCC have a sustained 40% elevated long‐term risk of second primary cancer, compared with the general population. This increased risk is mainly attributed to lung and bladder cancer.
Comparing in vitro cytotoxic drug sensitivity in colon and pancreatic cancer using 2D and 3D cell models: Contrasting viability and growth inhibition in clinically relevant dose and repeated drug cycles
Authors: Tidwell Tia R. , Røsland Gro , Tronstad Karl Johan , Søreide Kjetil , Hagland Hanne R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn vitro drug screening that is more translatable to the in vivo tumor environment can reduce both time and cost of cancer drug development. Here we address some of the shortcomings in screening and show how treatment with 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) in 2D and 3D culture models of colorectal cancer (CRC) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) give different responses regarding growth inhibition.MethodsThe sensitivity of the cell lines at clinically relevant 5‐FU concentrations was monitored over 4 days of treatment in both 2D and 3D cultures for CRC (SW948 and HCT116) and PDAC (Panc‐1 and MIA‐Pa‐Ca‐2) cell lines. The 3D cultures were maintained beyond this point to enable a second treatment cycle at Day 14, following the timeline of a standard clinical 5‐FU regimen.ResultsEvaluation after one cycle did not reveal significant growth inhibition in any of the CRC or PDAC 2D models. By the end of the second cycle of treatment the CRC spheroids reached 50% inhibition at clinically achievable concentrations in the 3D model, but not in the 2D model. The PDAC models were not sensitive to clinical doses even after two cycles. High content viability metrics point to even lower response in the resistant PDAC models.ConclusionThis study reveals the limitations of testing drugs in 2D cancer models and short exposure in 3D models, and the importance of using appropriate growth inhibition analysis. We found that screening with longer exposure and several cycles of treatment in 3D models suggests a more reliable way to assess drug sensitivity.
Electrochemical/Electrochemiluminescence Sensors Based on Vertically‐Ordered Mesoporous Silica Films for Biomedical Analytical Applications
Authors: Fan Xue , Wu Jiayi , Zhang Tongtong , Liu Jiyang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVertically‐ordered mesoporous silica films (VMSF, also named as silica isoporous membranes) have shown tremendous potential in the field of electroanalytical sensors due to their unique features in terms of controllable and ultrasmall nanopores, high molecular selectivity and permeability, and mechanical stability. This review will present the recent progress on the biomedical analytical applications of VMSF, focusing on the small biomolecules, diseases‐related biomarkers, drugs and cancer cells. Finally, conclusions with recent developments and future perspective of VMSF in the relevant fields will be envisioned.