bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new effective method for isolating single spermatozoa from surgically obtained material in azoospermia
Authors: Zakharova E. E. , Kapralova I. V. , Krivokharchenko I. S. , Zharskaya O. O. , Kartavenko T. V. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Conventional methods of processing testicular and epididymal specimens are based on simple washing, so that spermatozoa are contaminated with other cells and difficult to recover from the sediment. The newly method is based on differential centrifugation, which has never been used for male germ cells before. Cell particles are separated according to their sedimentation rate so that spermatozoa remain in the supernatant, whereas the sediment with extra cells and debris is removed. A pure fraction of spermatozoa from supernatant is retrieved even in severe cases.Methods. A total of 436 specimens surgically obtained from epididymis/testis in 398 patients were treated using method of differential centrifugation. To evaluate the effectiveness of the new approach, each biological sample was assigned to a specific quality category based on sperm content during intraoperative examination. The recovered spermatozoa were used to fertilize the fresh spouse’s oocytes and/or cryopreserved. A retrospective data analysis was performed.Results. The microscopic examination surgically obtained specimens revealed at least one spermatozoon in all fields of view in 237 patients (59,5%). The further processing by differential centrifugation was 99,6% efficient (spermatozoa for fertilization were recovered in 236 cases, including cryopreservation in 214 cases). In 199 patients no spermatozoa were found during intraoperative examination. After treatment by differential centrifugation, single spermatozoa were isolated and used for oocyte fertilization in 40 cases (20%).Conclusion. The newly proposed method of processing cell suspensions for spermatozoa recovery allows obtaining male germ cells from biopsy samples and using them for fertilization, especially if they are critically low in number and conventional methods for sperm recovery do no work or inefficient.
Works of reflexive and synthetic creativity (prolegomines to a new kind of intellectual practice &#8210; "creativistics")
Authors: Rozin Vadim Markovich 
Published: May 2024

The article separates the concept of art synthesis and a new intellectual practice, which the author called "creativistics". The motive for this distinction was the research of works of art and dance by Aida Aylamazian and the author. Based on the work of Guzel Yakhina and Meir Shalev, the turn from art to life and creativity is analyzed. It is within the framework of such a turn that the phenomenological discourse is realized, among other things. The article considers Shalev's 1985 work "The Bible Today", which is read with enthusiasm, but it is almost impossible to understand what kind of creativity you are dealing with. A number of parts of this work are written as fiction novels, others refer to commentaries on the Bible and scientific research; to the author's reflections on life; to the history of Israel; to modern life; refer to different types of creativity and knowledge. Nevertheless, this work is perceived holistically and organically. All this is typical for creativistics. The question is posed: how does creativistics manage to create a complete work, a real new world, from completely different discourses and constructions (artistic, scientific, psychological, historical, etc.)? At the end of the article, the features of creativistics are discussed. First, the creative artist does not hide the different discourses and grounds he uses, moreover, he often points them out to the user either in the form of preliminary explanations or by characterizing the concept of the work. A necessary condition for such an approach is a more or less deep reflection of one's own creativity. The second feature is due to the difficulty for the user to understand the reality of the work of creativistics: he easily recognizes individual discourses, but since they are different, and often outwardly opposite, the user cannot grasp and assemble the whole, understand what events he encounters, how they are interconnected.
Whole-genome analysis of Escherichia coli isolated from wild Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) and North China leopard (Panthera pardus japonensis)
Authors: Li Hongjia , Lan Tianming , Zhai Hao , Zhou Mengchao , Chen Denghui , Lu Yaxian , Han Lei , Wei Jinpu , Zhou Shaochun , Xu Haitao , Tian Lihong , Jiang Guangshun , Hou Zhijun 
Published: May 2024

Background
Escherichia coli is an important intestinal flora, of which pathogenic E. coli is capable of causing many enteric and extra-intestinal diseases. Antibiotics are essential for the treatment of bacterial infections caused by pathogenic E. coli; however, with the widespread use of antibiotics, drug resistance in E. coli has become particularly serious, posing a global threat to human, animal, and environmental health. While the drug resistance and pathogenicity of E. coli carried by tigers and leopards in captivity have been studied intensively in recent years, there is an extreme lack of information on E. coli in these top predators in the wild environment.

Methods
Whole genome sequencing data of 32 E. coli strains collected from the feces of wild Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica, n = 24) and North China leopard (Panthera pardus japonensis, n = 8) were analyzed in this article. The multi-locus sequence types, serotypes, virulence and resistance genotypes, plasmid replicon types, and core genomic SNPs phylogeny of these isolates were studied. Additionally, antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed on these E. coli isolates.

Results
Among the E. coli isolates studied, 18 different sequence types were identified, with ST939 (21.9%), ST10 (15.6%), and ST3246 (9.4%) being the most prevalent. A total of 111 virulence genes were detected, averaging about 54 virulence genes per sample. They contribute to invasion, adherence, immune evasion, efflux pump, toxin, motility, stress adaption, and other virulence-related functions of E. coli. Sixty-eight AMR genes and point mutations were identified. Among the detected resistance genes, those belonging to the efflux pump family were the most abundant. Thirty-two E. coli isolates showed the highest rate of resistance to tetracycline (14/32; 43.8%), followed by imipenem (4/32; 12.5%), ciprofloxacin (3/32; 9.4%), doxycycline (2/32; 6.3%), and norfloxacin (1/32; 3.1%).

Conclusions
Our results suggest that E. coli isolates carried by wild Amur tigers and North China leopards have potential pathogenicity and drug resistance.
Evaluation of the Effects of Edible Coatings of Ocimum sanctum and Aloe vera on Jaggery Shelf Life
Authors: Rana Huma , Garg Amar Prakash , Jain Sourabh 
Published: May 2024

Background: In western Uttar Pradesh, jaggery is a widespread cottage enterprise based on agriculture, and farmers are forced to sell their product at a lesser price when it is still fresh. Therefore, it was thought to be desirable to create better storage techniques in order to extend its shelf life. Aloe vera, and Ocimum sanctum, often known as "Tulsi," are frequently utilised as antimicrobial food additives because they offer a host of other health advantages in addition to their well-known antibacterial qualities. Because the edible coatings made of these herbs provide a semi-permeable barrier to gases and water vapours, they may prolong the shelf life of jaggery by preventing degradation.
Objective: The goal of the current study was to assess the ability of edible coatings of common Indian herbs, such as tulsi and Aloe vera,, to extend the shelf life of jaggery while maintaining attributes that are equal to those of fresh jaggery, in accordance with the guidelines set forth by the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI).
Methodology: The physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant activity, total viable count, and antibacterial activity of tulsi-Aloe vera, coated (TAC), Ocimum sanctum, and Aloe vera, (AC) jaggery were assessed and compared with non-coated control. The physicochemical properties were ascertained using standard methodology for measurement of reducing sugars, proteins, phenols, saponins, tannin, alkaloids, and flavonoids. The antimicrobial activity was ascertained by means of the agar double diffusion method. According to established protocol, antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH radical scavenging assay and the reducing power assay.
Results: According to the research, there is no discernible microbiological deterioration and the edible coatings containing tulsi and Aloe vera, extend the shelf life of jaggery during storage. When compared to uncoated jaggery, coatings were efficient at preventing the growth of both Gramme positive and Gramme negative microorganisms. Over the course of six months, the herb-infused coatings also retained their phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin contents, which improved their anti-oxidant efficacy when compared to the untreated control group.
Impact of Nano DAP and Zn EDTA on Cowpea Growth and Yield
Authors: V. Balachandrakumar , Sowmiya K. , Shofiya M. , Gopika K. , Nithika M. 
Published: May 2024

Pulses are gaining more important position in Indian Agriculture.But the average productivity of pulses (764 kg ha-1) is much less productive than the global average (848 kg ha-1).To increase its productivity application of important fertiliser to cowpeas during their critical growth stages is aeffective strategy to enhance their yield. Especially smart fertilizers like Nano Di-ammonium Phosphate (DAP) and Zinc Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic acid (Zn EDTA) are very helpful in that. Therefore, the field experiment was done in the dairy Farm, School of Agriculture and Animal Science, Gandhigram Rural Institute, Gandhigram, Tamil Nadu during January 2024 to March2024 to assess the impact of Nano DAP and Zn EDTA on growth and yield of cowpea. It was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with seven treatments under three replications. Among the different treatments, Recommended Dosage of Fertilizers (RDF) 50% Phosphorus, 100% Nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) + Seed treatment and two foliar sprays of 0.2% of Nano Di-ammonium Phosphate (DAP)+ Foliar spray of 3% Zinc Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic acid (Zn EDTA)(T7) achieved supremely improved growth parameters like plant height, no.of branches per plant, leaf area index, dry matter production, and yield attributes viz., pod length, no.of pods per plant , no.of seeds per pod and test weight . Further it recorded a higher seed yield,haulm yield and harvest index. The minimum value was recorded under control treatment (T1).Experimental results clearly revealed that RDF 50% P, 100% NK + Seed treatment and two foliar sprays of 0.2% of Nano DAP + Foliar spray of 3% Zn EDTA(T7) has recorded the highest yield of 1720 kg ha-1.
Evaporation of pyrolysis oil: Product distribution and residue char analysis
Authors: van Rossum Guus , Güell Berta Matas , Ramachandran Ragavendra P. Balegedde , Seshan K. , Lefferts Leon , Van Swaaij Wim P. M. , Kersten Sascha R. A. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe evaporation of pyrolysis oil was studied at varying heating rates (∼1–106°C/min) with surrounding temperatures up to 850°C. A total product distribution (gas, vapor, and char) was measured using two atomizers with different droplet sizes. It was shown that with very high heating rates (∼106°C/min) the amount of char was significantly lowered (∼8%, carbon basis) compared to the maximum amount, which was produced at low heating rates using a TGA (∼30%, carbon basis; heating rate 1°C/min). The char formation takes place in the 100–350°C liquid temperature range due to polymerization reactions of compounds in the pyrolysis oil. All pyrolysis oil fractions (whole oil, pyrolytic lignin, glucose and aqueous rich/lean phase) showed charring behavior. The pyrolysis oil chars age when subjected to elevated temperatures (≥700°C), show similar reactivity toward combustion and steam gasification compared with chars produced during fast pyrolysis of solid biomass. However, the structure is totally different where the pyrolysis oil char is very light and fluffy. To use the produced char in conversion processes (energy or syngas production), it will have to be anchored to a carrier. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010
Radiofrequency exposure on fast patrol boats in the Royal Norwegian Navy—an approach to a dose assessment
Authors: Baste Valborg , Mild Kjell Hansson , Moen Bente E. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractEpidemiological studies related to radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields (EMF) have mainly used crude proxies for exposure, such as job titles, distance to, or use of different equipment emitting RF EMF. The Royal Norwegian Navy (RNoN) has measured RF field emitted from high‐frequency antennas and radars on several spots where the crew would most likely be located aboard fast patrol boats (FPB). These boats are small, with short distance between the crew and the equipment emitting RF field. We have described the measured RF exposure aboard FPB and suggested different methods for calculations of total exposure and annual dose. Linear and spatial average in addition to percentage of ICNIRP and squared deviation of ICNIRP has been used. The methods will form the basis of a job exposure matrix where relative differences in exposure between groups of crew members can be used in further epidemiological studies of reproductive health. Bioelectromagnetics 31:350–360, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Integrated approaches to resolving same‐sex dissolutions
Authors: Hertz Frederick , Wald Deborah , Shuster Stacey 
Published: January 2010

AbstractMediating same‐sex dissolutions requires a nuanced awareness of how dramatically the legal landscape for lesbian and gay couples has changed in recent years, as well as an ability to demonstrably appreciate and respond to the complex emotional issues at stake in such mediations. The newly emerging norms of same‐sex marriage, domestic partnership, and co‐parenting arrangements lead to changing expectations in the context of these social and legal frameworks, but they have also created challenges resulting from the patchwork of changing and inconsistent laws. This article explores how mediators can best integrate the recurring emotional dynamics of such dissolutions in their mediation practice.
Effects of race, sex, and victims' reasons for victim‐offender dialogue
Authors: Borton Ian M. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis study focuses on victim‐offender dialogue files archived by Ohio's Office of Victim Services (OVS). The OVS director was interested in knowing why only one in four initiated dialogue files complete actual face‐to‐face dialogue. Victim offender dialogue programs based on restorative justice theory have been shown to increase victim and offender satisfaction, decrease offender recidivism, and increase the rate of restitution. An archived data analysis on a sample (N = 212) of OVS completed and will‐not‐proceed files revealed offender race did not have a significant effect on dialogue completion rate. However, victim sex was found to have a significant effect on dialogue completion. Included are descriptive analyses of victims' stated motivations for seeking dialogue. Victims who state specific motivations for participation in dialogue were no more likely to complete dialogue than those who did not. Results lead to several suggestions regarding other uses of restorative dialogue in the contexts of severe crime and felonies.
Combining inflation density forecasts
Authors: Kascha Christian , Ravazzolo Francesco 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn this paper, we empirically evaluate competing approaches for combining inflation density forecasts in terms of Kullback–Leibler divergence. In particular, we apply a similar suite of models to four different datasets and aim at identifying combination methods that perform well throughout different series and variations of the model suite. We pool individual densities using linear and logarithmic combination methods. The suite consists of linear forecasting models with moving estimation windows to account for structural change. We find that combining densities is a much better strategy than selecting a particular model ex ante. While combinations do not always perform better than the best individual model, combinations always yield accurate forecasts and, as we show analytically, provide insurance against selecting inappropriate models. Logarithmic combinations can be advantageous, in particular if symmetric densities are preferred. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Subtle deficits of attention after surgery: quantifying indicators of sub syndrome delirium
Authors: Lowery David Peter , Wesnes Keith , Brewster Nigel , Ballard Clive 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether attentional impairments are reliable neuropsychological markers of sub syndrome delirium.MethodA prospective cohort study with repeated assessment beginning pre‐operatively and continuing through the first post‐operative week. Computerized assessments of attention and the Mini‐Mental State Examination were administered with one hundred patients admitted for elective orthopedic surgery, 70 years and over and free of dementia. Acute change of cognitive status was used to identify cases of sub syndrome delirium.ResultsThere were significant differences of post‐surgical performance between the ‘no delirium’ and ‘sub‐syndrome delirium’ groups of reaction time, global cognition, accuracy and greater variability of reaction time (p < 0.041). There were significant within subject main effects on reaction time (p = 0.001), variability of reaction time (p = 0.022) and MMSE (p = 0.000) across the cohort; but no significant interaction effect of ‘diagnosis’ * ‘time’ on the computerized measures of attention (p > 0.195).ConclusionThe distinction between people with sub syndrome delirium and no delirium is difficult to quantify but computerized measures of attention might provide a sensitive indicator. Sub syndrome delirium is an observable marker of a clinical abnormality that should be exploited to improve care management for vulnerable patients. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of discontinuing benzodiazepine‐derivative hypnotics on postural sway and cognitive functions in the elderly
Authors: Tsunoda Kenichi , Uchida Hiroyuki , Suzuki Takefumi , Watanabe Koichiro , Yamashima Tetsumori , Kashima Haruo 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectiveBenzodiazepines (BZDs) have been reported to cause negative impacts on body stability and cognitive functions, which in turn could result in lethal incidents, including falls, especially in the elderly. This fact notwithstanding, no systematic trial has evaluated the feasibility and benefits of discontinuing BZD‐derivative hypnotics in this population, which was addressed in this study.MethodsIn this 8‐week open‐label study, subjects aged ≥60 living in a nursing home who received BZD as a hypnotic were recruited. The BZD dose was tapered off over 3 weeks. The following assessments were performed 12 h post‐dose at baseline and at endpoint: the Clinical Stabilometric Platform (CSP), the Critical Flicker Fusion Test (CFF), the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), and the Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire (LSEQ).ResultsThirty subjects were enrolled (mean ± SD age = 79.1 ± 8.9 years, mean ± SD flurazepam equivalent BZD dose = 19.5 ± 10.9 mg/day). Psychiatric diagnoses (DSM‐IV) of subjects were as follows: schizophrenia (n = 12), primary insomnia (n = 9), dementia (n = 7), and bipolar disorder (n = 2). In 26 completers, significant changes were found in a total length and a range of trunk motion with eyes closed. Significant improvements were also observed in the CFF and RBANS immediate memory, language, and attention index scores. Subjective worsening in sleep was not reported in those completers, assessed with the LSEQ.ConclusionsOur results suggest that discontinuation of BZD hypnotics is feasible in a majority of elderly persons and leads to an improvement in the stability of body and a recovery in cognitive functions during the daytime. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modern management and pathophysiology of ranula: Literature review
Authors: Harrison John D. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractBackgroundThere is a lack of consensus about the appropriate treatment of ranula. The objective of the present investigation was to produce a scientific basis for treatment.MethodsA review of the relevant literature is interpreted in the light of improved knowledge about the local anatomy and the pathophysiology of the salivary glands.ResultsThe oral and plunging ranulas are cystic extravasation mucoceles that arise from the sublingual gland and usually from a torn duct of Rivinus. The sublingual gland is a spontaneous secretor and the salivary flow is resistant to obstruction, which is caused by fibrosis induced by the extravasation. The submandibular gland is not a spontaneous secretor, is less resistant, and does not give rise to ranulas.ConclusionsEffective treatment is removal of the involved unit of the sublingual gland or inducing sufficient fibrosis to seal the leak through which the mucus extravasates. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
An investigation of the effects of hippocampal lesions in rats on pre‐ and postoperatively acquired spatial memory in a complex environment
Authors: Winocur Gordon , Moscovitch Morris , Rosenbaum R. Shayna , Sekeres Melanie 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn previous work, we showed that adult rats that were reared socially for 3 months in a complex (village) environment retained allocentric spatial memory for that environment following hippocampal lesions (Winocur et al., (2005) Nat Neurosci 8:273–275). In the present series of experiments, we showed that 3 months of postoperative rearing did not confer the same benefits (Experiment 1), although hippocampal groups, with or without rearing experience, exhibited spatial learning after extensive training (Experiments 1 and 2). Experiment 3 showed that as little as 2 weeks of preoperative rearing in the village was sufficient to retain acquired spatial memories after hippocampal lesions. Probe testing revealed that, although rats with hippocampal lesions exhibited remarkably good memory for preoperatively learned locations in the village, they were impaired when changes in task demands required flexible use of existing spatial representations. In a direct test of flexibility (Experiment 4), preoperatively reared rats were administered a blocked‐routes task in the original learning environment, in which on designated trials, a barrier was placed across one of the direct paths to the goal compartment. On encountering the barrier, control rats consistently selected the next most direct route, whereas rats with hippocampal lesions, despite using spatial strategies, made more errors and took longer to find the goal. The present results confirm that allocentric spatial memories can survive hippocampal damage but they are schematic in nature and less cohesive than those associated with cognitive maps in intact brains. As well, there was evidence that, although different processes are involved in their formation, the schematic memories that were acquired preoperatively and survived hippocampal lesions are essentially the same as those laboriously formed postoperatively after extensive training. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.