bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of 2 Screening Strategies for Early Identification of Patients with Axial Spondyloarthritis in Primary Care
Authors: PODDUBNYY DENIS , VAHLDIEK JANIS , SPILLER INGE , BUSS BEATE , LISTING JOACHIM , RUDWALEIT MARTIN , SIEPER JOACHIM 
Published: September 2011

Objective.To evaluate 2 referral strategies for axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) in patients with chronic low back pain at the primary care level.Methods.Referral physicians (n = 259) were randomly assigned to either Strategy 1 or Strategy 2 in order to refer patients with chronic back pain (duration > 3 months), age at onset of back pain < 45 years, and no diagnosis of axial SpA, to a cooperating rheumatologist (n = 43). According to Strategy 1, suitable patients were referred if at least 1 of the following screening criteria was present: inflammatory back pain, HLA-B27, or sacroiliitis detected by imaging. According to Strategy 2, patients were referred if 2 out of 5 criteria were positive: the same 3 criteria from Strategy 1 and additionally a positive family history of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) or a good treatment response to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. The final diagnosis of the rheumatologist was used as the “gold standard.”Results.In total, 560 consecutively referred patients were included in the analysis. Among 318 patients referred by Strategy 1, 41.8% (95% CI 36.5%–47.3%) were diagnosed with definite axial SpA. Among 242 patients referred by the second strategy, definite axial SpA was diagnosed in 36.8% (95% CI 31.0%–43.0%) of the cases.Conclusion.Both referral strategies demonstrated comparable performance in identification of patients with axial SpA. Strategy 1 might be preferred as an easy and reliable screening method for axial SpA at the primary care level.
Refractive and Visual Outcomes After Intacs vs Ferrara Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segment Implantation for Keratoconus: A Comparative Study
Authors: Kaya Vedat , Utine Canan Asli , Karakus Sezen Harmanci , Kavadarli Isilay , Yilmaz Ömer Faruk 
Published: September 2011

PURPOSE:
To evaluate the refractive, topographic, optical, visual acuity, and quality outcomes of two types of intrastromal corneal ring segments (ICRS) in the treatment of keratoconus.

METHODS:
In this retrospective study, 16 eyes that had been implanted with Intacs ICRS (Addition Technology Inc) (Intacs group) and 17 eyes implanted with Ferrara ICRS (Ferrara Ophthalmics Ltda) (Ferrara group) were evaluated. Pre- and postoperative examinations included uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuities (UDVA and CDVA, respectively), manifest refraction, slit-lamp examination, topography, and ocular wavefront analysis. Contrast sensitivity measurements under photopic, scotopic, and scotopic with glare conditions were performed 1 year postoperatively.

RESULTS:

One year postoperatively, a significant decrease was noted in spherical equivalent refractive error of 3.76±0.39 diopters (D) and 3.42±0.88 D and keratometry of 3.43±0.24 D and 3.28±0.78 D in the Intacs and Ferrara groups, respectively; and increase in mean UDVA and CDVA in Snellen lines of 0.18±0.04 and 0.21±0.05, respectively, in the Intacs group and 0.21±0.09 and 0.26±0.08, respectively, in the Ferrara group (
P
<.01 for all). The postoperative increase in UDVA and CDVA and decrease in keratometry readings were not significantly different between groups (
P
>.05 for all). Mean higher order aberrations decreased in the Intacs group and increased in the Ferrara group (
P
>.05 for both). Postoperatively, a significant decrease was noted in scotopic contrast sensitivity when glare was introduced in the Ferrara group, which was positively correlated with pupil diameter (r(15)=0.50,
P
=.04).

CONCLUSIONS:
Both ICRS types provided comparable refractive, topographic, and optical quality outcomes. Eyes with Ferrara ICRS experienced greater decrease in scotopic contrast sensitivity under glare, which was significantly correlated with pupil diameter.
Fifty Consecutive Cases of Transconjunctival Sutureless 23-Gauge Vitrectomy Combined With Phacoemulsification and IOL Implantation
Authors: Hütz Werner W. , Hoffmann Peter , Hengerer Fritz 
Published: September 2011

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate safety and effectiveness of combined 23-gauge vitrectomy and phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation for eyes with vitreoretinal conditions and progressed cataract.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
The authors retrospectively reviewed 50 previously nonvitrectomized eyes of 50 patients with various vitreoretinal conditions and cataract affecting visual acuity. They underwent combined surgery with sutureless transconjunctival 23-gauge vitrectomy and phacoemulsification with IOL implantation. Surgical indications were a progressed cataract with various retinal conditions.

RESULTS:
Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved from 0.23 (range: 0.125 to 0.32; standard deviation [SD]: 0.08) to 0.48 (range: 0.32 to 0.8; SD: 0.16). Spherical equivalent changed from 0.50 to 0.08 diopters. Cataract surgery mean time was 10.46 minutes, vitrectomy mean opening time was 1.1 minutes, and mean vitrectomy procedure time varied widely depending on the type of retinal surgery (20.06 minutes; range: 5 to 55; SD: 11.10). At 1 week, relative hypotony was found in 12% and hypotony was found in 4%. There was no hypotony 3 months after surgery.

CONCLUSION:
Transconjunctival 23-gauge vitrectomy with phacoemulsification with IOL implantation appears effective with an acceptable safety profile for patients with cataract with simultaneous retinal diseases.
Early Intervention for Autism With a Parent-Delivered Qigong Massage Program: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Silva Louisa M. T. , Schalock Mark , Gabrielsen Kristen 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
A recent randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a dual parent and trainer-delivered qigong massage intervention for young children with autism resulted in improvement of measures of autism as well as improvement of abnormal sensory responses and self-regulation. The RCT evaluated the effects of the parent-delivered component of the intervention. Forty-seven children were randomly assigned to treatment and wait-list control groups. Treatment group children received the parent-delivered program for 4 mo. Trained therapists provided parent training and support. Improvement was evaluated in two settings—preschool and home—by teachers (blind to group) and parents. Results showed that the parent-delivered program was effective in improving measures of autism (medium effect size) and sensory and self-regulatory responses (large effect size). Teacher data on measures of autism were confirmed by parent data. Results indicate that the parent-delivered component of the program provided effective early intervention for autism that was suitable for delivery at home.
Using Occupations to Improve Quality of Life, Health and Wellness, and Client and Caregiver Satisfaction for People With Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias
Authors: Letts Lori , Edwards Mary , Berenyi Julie , Moros Kathy , O’Neill Colleen , O’Toole Colleen , McGrath Colleen 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
An evidence-based review was undertaken to answer the question, “What is the evidence for the effect of interventions designed to establish, modify, and maintain activities of daily living (ADLs), instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), leisure, and social participation on quality of life (QOL), health and wellness, and client and caregiver satisfaction for people with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias?” A systematic search of electronic databases and application of inclusion and exclusion criteria guided the selection of 26 articles. Limited high-level evidence on ADL interventions was identified. IADL interventions for people living in the community showed promise. Tailored and activity-based leisure interventions were common and seemed to have positive impacts on caregiver satisfaction, and some interventions had positive results for client well-being and QOL. Social participation interventions focused on people with dementia still able to engage in verbal social interactions; these interventions had at least short-term positive effects.
99MTc-MAG3 Diuretic Renography in Assessment of Obstructive Uropathy. The new test F+10SP: a Step Ahead in the Differential Diagnosis
Authors: Vittori Matteo , D'addessi Alessandro , Pinto Francesco , Tartaglione Girolamo , Bassi Pierfrancesco 
Published: September 2011

Background Dilation of the renal pelvis is a problem Urologists have often to deal with. One of the key aspects is to clear if the dilation is the consequence of an obstruction to the outflow or a simple anatomic variant. Aim of this study was to compare two diuretic renographic procedures, F-15 vs the new procedure F+10SP (Seated Position) in a group of hydronephrotic patients, in order to increase the accuracy in the differential diagnosis between non-obstructive and obstructive dilation. Materials and Methods 34 Patients (14 male, 20 female, 18–71 yrs range), 27 pts having an unilateral hydronephrosis and 7 pts a bilateral hydronephrosis diagnosed by ultrasound, were enclosed in the study. They were subjected to two 99mTc-MAG3 diuretic renography with furosemide consecutively, with different modalities: 1) 40 mg of furosemide were administered IV to patient in supine position 15 minutes before tracer injection (Test F-15, by English); 2) the new procedure: 20 mg of furosemide were administered IV to patient in Seated Position (SP), 10 minutes after tracer injection during dynamic acquisition (Test F+10 SP). The average interval between the two tests was 7 days. Two different physicians analyzed all the tests. The results were classified as: non-obstruction (only F+10SP can distinguish between normal and dilated without obstruction), obstruction, equivocal and not applicable. Results Among the 68 renal units (RU) included in the analysis, the F+10SP test showed normal findings in 21 RU (30,8%), dilation without obstruction in 21 RU (30,8%), obstruction in 25 RU (36.8%) and equivocal result in 1 RU. The F-15 renography showed non-obstructive results in 35 RU (51.5%), obstruction in 20 RU (29.4%) and equivocal findings in 11 RU (16.1%); the test was not applicable in 2 RU (2.9%) due to insufficient renal function. Side effects reported for the F-15 renogram were hypotension in 1 patient, renal colic in 3 patients, bladder filling in 13 patients, disruption because of voiding in 4 patients. No complications were observed during or after the F+10SP renography. The 20 RU diagnosed with obstruction at the F-15 test were considered obstructed also at the F+10SP test. Conclusions The “equivocal” test rate lowered from 16% for the F-15 test to less than 1.5% for the new F+10 SP test. The F+10SP procedure is easy, well tolerated, time saving and seems to be a more reliable tool in assessment of obstructive uropathy in adults.
Our healing is next to the wound: Endarkened feminisms, spirituality, and wisdom for teaching, learning, and research
Authors: Okpalaoka Chinwe L. , Dillard Cynthia B. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis chapter explores how the spiritual and cultural contexts of wisdom and Black women's knowing and dialogues on race can facilitate cross‐cultural and within‐group understandings of race, gender, and identity in teaching and learning.
Thermoelectric Nanostructures: From Physical Model Systems towards Nanograined Composites
Authors: Nielsch Kornelius , Bachmann Julien , Kimling Johannes , Böttner Harald 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThermoelectric materials could play an increasing role for the efficient use of energy resources and waste heat recovery in the future. The thermoelectric efficiency of materials is described by the figure of merit ZT = (S2σT)/κ (S Seebeck coefficient, σ electrical conductivity, κ thermal conductivity, and T absolute temperature). In recent years, several groups worldwide have been able to experimentally prove the enhancement of the thermoelectric efficiency by reduction of the thermal conductivity due to phonon blocking at nanostructured interfaces. This review addresses recent developments from thermoelectric model systems, e.g. nanowires, nanoscale meshes, and thermionic superlattices, up to nanograined bulk‐materials. In particular, the progress of nanostructured silicon and related alloys as an emerging material in thermoelectrics is emphasized. Scalable synthesis approaches of high‐performance thermoelectrics for high‐temperature applications is discussed at the end.
Anion‐π‐Wechselwirkungen ins rechte Licht gerückt
Authors: Frontera Antonio , Gamez Patrick , Mascal Mark , Mooibroek Tiddo J. , Reedijk Jan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractDie supramolekulare Chemie ist ein Gebiet, das die Beziehung zwischen molekularer Struktur und molekularer Funktion erforscht. Es ist die Chemie der nichtkovalenten Bindung, die die Grundlage der spezifischen Erkennung und der Transport‐ und Regulationsvorgänge bildet, die biologische Vorgänge antreiben. Die klassischen Konstruktionsprinzipien der supramolekularen Chemie umfassen starke, gerichtete Wechselwirkungen wie Wasserstoffbrücken, Halogenbrücken und Kation‐π‐Komplexbildung, aber auch weniger gerichtete Kräfte wie Ionenpaarung, π‐π‐, solvophobe und Van‐der‐Waals‐Wechselwirkungen. In den letzten Jahren wurde auch die Anion‐π‐Wechselwirkung (eine anziehende Kraft zwischen einem elektronenarmen aromatischen System und einem Anion) als bis dahin unerforschte nichtkovalente Bindung erkannt, und ihre Natur wurde experimentell und theoretisch untersucht. Die Konstruktion selektiver Anionenrezeptoren und ‐kanäle auf der Grundlage dieser Wechselwirkung war ein wichtiger Fortschritt auf dem Gebiet der supramolekularen Chemie. Ziele dieses Aufsatzes sind: 1) aktuelle Vorstellungen über die Natur dieser Wechselwirkung zu diskutieren, 2) eine Übersicht über die wichtigsten experimentellen Arbeiten zu geben, in denen Anion‐π‐Bindung nachgewiesen wurden, und 3) Einblicke in die Richtungsabhängigkeit von Anion‐π‐Kontakten in Kristallstrukturen zu geben.
Ionische Flüssigkeiten als hypergole Treibstoffe
Authors: Zhang Yanqiang , Gao Haixiang , Joo Young‐Hyuk , Shreeve Jean'ne M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractNoch immer werden in Treibstoffsystemen Hydrazin und dessen Derivate als Brennstoffe eingesetzt, obwohl es sich dabei um karzinogene und toxische Substanzen handelt, die recht hohe Dampfdrücke haben und kostenintensive Sicherheitsvorkehrungen erfordern. Erst 2008 wurde entdeckt, dass sich ionische Flüssigkeiten mit Dicyanamid‐Anionen beim Kontakt mit Oxidationsmitteln spontan entzünden können (Hypergolie). Solche Flüssigkeiten sind wenig flüchtig sowie thermisch und chemisch recht stabil und verfügen oft über große Flüssigkeitsbereiche, was die Anwendung in Zweikomponententreibstoffen unter vielfältigen Bedingungen ermöglichen könnte. Eine neue Familie von in Wasser synthetisierbaren Dicyanoboraten wird präsentiert, die nahezu alle Anforderungen an leistungsstarke Treibstoffe erfüllt.
Strategies and Tactics for the Metal‐Directed Synthesis of Rotaxanes, Knots, Catenanes, and Higher Order Links
Authors: Beves Jonathon E. , Blight Barry A. , Campbell Christopher J. , Leigh David A. , McBurney Roy T. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractMore than a quarter of a century after the first metal template synthesis of a [2]catenane in Strasbourg, there now exists a plethora of strategies available for the construction of mechanically bonded and entwined molecular level structures. Catenanes, rotaxanes, knots and Borromean rings have all been successfully accessed by methods in which metal ions play a pivotal role. Originally metal ions were used solely for their coordination chemistry; acting either to gather and position the building blocks such that subsequent reactions generated the interlocked products or by being an integral part of the rings or “stoppers” of the interlocked assembly. Recently the role of the metal has evolved to encompass catalysis: the metal ions not only organize the building blocks in an entwined or threaded arrangement but also actively promote the reaction that covalently captures the interlocked structure. This Review outlines the diverse strategies that currently exist for forming mechanically bonded molecular structures with metal ions and details the tactics that the chemist can utilize for creating cross‐over points, maximizing the yield of interlocked over non‐interlocked products, and the reactions‐of‐choice for the covalent capture of threaded and entwined intermediates.
Tensile properties of denture base resin reinforced with various esthetic fibers
Authors: Demir Hakan , Dogan Orhan Murat , Dogan Arife 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis study was conducted to determine the reinforcement effect of five types of esthetic fibers on the tensile properties of a conventional denture base resin. E‐glass, polyester, rayon, nylon 6, and nylon 6/6 fibers were cut into 2, 4, and 6 mm lengths and added into resin randomly at a concentration of 3% by weight. For each formulation, five tensile specimens, as well as control specimens without fibers, were prepared in a dumbbell shape using a stainless steel mold, constructed according to ASTM Standard D638M‐91a. Tensile properties were evaluated by using a universal testing machine. Surfaces of the tensile sections were also observed under the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Tensile strength of the specimens reinforced with fibers in varying lengths was found to be lower than that of the unreinforced control group. Among the trial groups, the specimens reinforced with 6 mm long polyester fibers showed the highest tensile strength. All the SEM fractographs indicated both weak adhesion and pull out of fibers from the matrix. None of the incorporated esthetic fibers appeared to improve tensile strength of the resin. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
The effect of sulfonation treatment on the structure and properties of isotactic polypropylene fibers prior to the carbonization stage
Authors: Karacan Ismail , Benli Hüseyin 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe effect of sulfonation treatment was investigated on the molecular structure and mechanical properties of isotactic polypropylene fibers extruded at a take up speed of 2500 m/min. It was found that at extensive sulfonation times, the sulfonated structure showed the characteristic features of carbonized structure as indicated by the results of the density and the X‐ray diffraction measurements. Mechanical properties of the sulfonated samples were found to be adversely affected by the sulfonation conditions. Scanning electron microscopy observations showed surface irregularities at low sulfonation times and fiber fractures at high sulfonation times. Polarized infrared spectroscopy measurements analysed by curve fitting procedure showed increasing molecular orientation of long helical chain segments represented by the IR band at 841 cm−1 whereas amorphous structure represented by the IR band at 2723 cm−1 showed gradual loss of orientation with the progress of sulfonation. IR bands assigned to the sulfonic acid groups formed during sulfonation treatment showed perpendicular polarization and low molecular orientation characteristics indicating the initiation and the development of crosslinking process being perpendicular to the fiber axis direction. Analysis of the equatorial X‐ray diffraction traces showed the loss of crystallinity where the paracrystalline phase disappeared faster than the crystalline α‐monoclinic phase. During the sulfonation treatment, content of amorphous phase showed gradual increase in line with decreasing crystallinity. In accordance with the loss of crystallinity, apparent crystallite sizes corresponding to the 110, 040 and 130 planes of the α‐monoclinic phase also decreased gradually with increasing sulfonation time. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
New polymer syntheses part: 54 novel conducting polymers and copolymers based on 4‐Teriary butyl‐cyclohexanone moiety in the main chain
Authors: Aly Kamal I. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA new interesting class of conducting polymer and copolymers based on 4‐teriary butyl‐cyclohexanone in the main chain has been synthesized by solution polycodensation of terephthalaldehyde with 4‐teriary butyl‐cyclohexanone and/or cycloalkanone derivatives. The model compound I was synthesized from the 4‐teriary butyl‐cyclohexanone with benzaldehyde, and its structure was confirmed by elemental and spectral analyses. The resulting polymer and copolymers were characterized by elemental and spectral analyses including Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT‐IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR), beside solubility and viscometry measurements. The thermal properties of those polymer and copolymers were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) measurements and correlated to their structural units. X‐ray analysis showed that it has some degree of crystallinity in the region 2θ = 5–60°. The UV–visible spectra of some selected polymers were measured in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution and showed absorption bands in the range 253–398 nm, due to n–π* and π–π* transition. The morphological properties of selected examples were tested by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Moreover, the electrical conductivities and the doping with iodine were tested. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
A Multistage Geophysical Approach to Detecting and Interpreting Archaeological Features at the LeBus Circle, Bourbon County, Kentucky
Authors: Henry Edward R. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTMagnetic gradiometry and in‐phase electromagnetic induction (EM) instruments were employed during a geophysical survey to identify archaeological features at an Adena circular ditch and embankment earthwork site. Three features identified in the geophysical survey were selected for further geophysical examination because of their shape, spatial arrangement, and differences in the gradiometer and EM data. Downhole magnetic susceptibility was used to explore the subsurface shape of these features and to identify the presence of magnetic variations within them. Excavation of these features exposed a buried ground surface below the earthwork's embankment, a midden‐like soil in the ditch, and a large pit situated over a spring/seep inside the earthwork. Magnetic susceptibility data were collected on open wall profiles of excavation units with a KT9 kappameter. Pairing the geophysical results and excavation profiles helped separate a lightly burned ground surface from a buried A horizon below the embankment, map the buried A horizon beneath areas where the embankment is now destroyed, and separate natural from cultural fill episodes inside the pit feature. Correlations between the magnetic susceptibility data and drawn profiles identified specific cultural contexts for radiocarbon dating. The radiocarbon chronology of the site indicates the earthwork was constructed during Middle Adena ritual development (150 bc to ad 1), a time marked by increasing ritual diversity and the appearance of circular structures used in mortuary ritual. This research also demonstrated that the Woodland earthwork was reused by Late Fort Ancient peoples after approximately ad 1450. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.