bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Timing of breeding, peak food availability, and effects of mismatch on chick growth in birds nesting in the High Arctic
Authors: McKinnon L. , Picotin M. , Bolduc E. , Juillet C. , Bêty J. 
Published: August 2012

In seasonal environments, breeding events must be synchronized with resource peaks to ensure production and growth of offspring. As changes in climate may affect trophic levels differentially, we hypothesized that a lack of synchrony between chick hatch and resource peaks could decrease growth rates in chicks of shorebirds nesting in the High Arctic. To test this hypothesis, we compared growth curves of chicks hatching in synchrony with peak periods of food abundance to those hatching outside of these peak periods. We also tested for changes in lay dates of shorebirds in the Canadian Arctic using recent and historical data. Mean daily temperatures during the laying period increased since the 1950s by up to 1.5 °C, and changes in lay dates were apparent for three shorebird species, yet differences in median lay dates between 1954 and 2005–2008 were only significant for White-rumped Sandpiper ( Calidris fuscicollis (Viellot, 1819)). During 2005–2008, there was only 1 year of relatively high synchrony between hatch and resource peaks. Asynchrony between hatch and peaks in Tipulidae biomass reduced growth rates in chicks of Baird’s Sandpiper (Calidris bairdii (Coues, 1861)). As anticipated changes in climate may decouple phenological events, the effects of asynchrony on growth rates of arctic-nesting birds warrant further investigation.
Leaf litter of invasive Chinese tallow (Triadica sebifera) negatively affects hatching success of an aquatic breeding anuran, the Southern Leopard Frog (Lithobates sphenocephalus)
Authors: Adams C.K. , Saenz D. 
Published: August 2012

Chinese tallow (Triadica sebifera (L.) Small) is an aggressive invasive tree species that can be abundant in parts of its non-native range. This tree species has the capability of producing monocultures, by outcompeting native trees, which can be in or near wetlands that are utilized by breeding amphibians. Existing research suggests that leaf litter from invasive Chinese tallow reduces survival in larval anurans. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of Chinese tallow leaf litter on anuran eggs. We exposed eggs of the Southern Leopard Frog ( Lithobates sphenocephalus (Cope, 1886)) at various stages of development to different concentrations of Chinese tallow leaf litter to determine survival. Eggs in the earliest stages of development that we exposed to tallow leaf litter died, regardless of concentration; however, some more-developed eggs exposed to tallow leaf litter did hatch. We determined that the greater the concentration of tallow leaf litter, the lower the dissolved oxygen and pH levels we observed. We suggest that changes in these water-quality parameters are the cause of the observed mortality of anuran eggs in our experiments. Eggs exposed to water containing tallow leaf litter with dissolved oxygen <1.59 mg/L and a pH <5.29 did not survive to hatching.
Exploration for Cretaceous stratigraphic traps in the Gulf of Guinea, West Africa and the discovery of the Jubilee Field: a play opening discovery in the Tano Basin, Offshore Ghana
Authors: Dailly Paul , Henderson Tracey , Hudgens Eric , Kanschat Kathy , Lowry Phil 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
The discovery of the Jubilee Oil Field in 2007 in the Tano Basin of Ghana is a primary example of the potential for Late Cretaceous deep-water stratigraphic traps in basins previously overlooked by the exploration industry. The Tano Basin forms the eastern extension of the Deep Ivorian Basin, which resulted from Aptian–Albian trans-tension associated with the opening of the Atlantic between the St Paul and Romanche fracture zones and the subsequent post-rift subsidence. The basin was the focus for deposition of a thick Upper Cretaceous, deep-water clastic sequence, which, in combination with a modest Tertiary section, provided sufficient thickness to mature a Cretaceous source rock in the central part of the Tano Basin. This well-defined reservoir and charge fairway forms the play, which, when draped over a large plunging nose (the South Tano high), resulted in the formation of a stratigraphic–structural combination trapping geometry that is characteristic of the Jubilee Field and subsequent discoveries in this play.
Introduction to UML and Formal Methods
Authors: Gibson J. Paul , Perseil Isabelle 
Published: August 2012

It is with great pleasure that we introduce the 5th IEEE Interna-tional Workshop on UML and Formal Methods. Already, in its short 5 year history, the workshop has been located across the globe: Japan, Brazil, China, Ireland, and this year in Paris, France. For its first 3 years it was co-located with the International Conference on Formal Engineering Methods, whilst in the last 2 years it has been part of the International Symposium on Formal Methods. The workshop has a strong tradition of publishing the highest quality accepted papers in either: the NASA journal of Innovations in Systems and Software Engineering, or the ACM journal Software Engineering Notes (to whom we have returned this year).
The main objective of the workshop has not changed during its lifetime, namely: the building of bridges between informal, semi-formal and formal notations. This objective can be seen in each of the 4 main themes that make up the four sessions of this year's workshop: I. UML diagram formalization, II. Dynamic and real-time modeling, III. Transformations, and IV. Patterns and blocks. Across all sessions a wide range of formalisms and tools are presented Extended Hierarchical State Transition Matrices and CSP, the SMT solver Yice, MADES UML and metric temporal logic, UML-MARTE and Time Transition Systems, Colored Petri Nets, Behavioural types and Coq, QVT-R and XSLT, EMF Model-ing Operations, ASTD and SysML illustrating the breadth and depth of the research being done by our community.
We hope that you enjoy reading these papers as much as we have: the bridges are being built and we invite you to cross them.
Embryonic Protein Nodal Promotes Breast Cancer Vascularization
Authors: Quail Daniela F. , Walsh Logan A. , Zhang Guihua , Findlay Scott D. , Moreno Juan , Fung Laura , Ablack Amber , Lewis John D. , Done Susan J. , Hess David A. , Postovit Lynne-Marie 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Tumor vascularization is requisite for breast cancer progression, and high microvascular density in tumors is a poor prognostic indicator. Patients bearing breast cancers expressing human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-associated genes similarly exhibit high mortality rates, and the expression of embryonic proteins is associated with tumor progression. Here, we show that Nodal, a hESC-associated protein, promotes breast cancer vascularization. We show that high levels of Nodal are positively correlated with high vascular densities in human breast lesions (P = 0.0078). In vitro, we show that Nodal facilitates breast cancer–induced endothelial cell migration and tube formation, largely by upregulating the expression and secretion of proangiogenic factors by breast cancer cells. Using a directed in vivo angiogenesis assay and a chick chorioallantoic membrane assay, we show that Nodal promotes vascular recruitment in vivo. In a clinically relevant in vivo model, whereby Nodal expression was inhibited following tumor formation, we found a significant reduction in tumor vascularization concomitant with elevated hypoxia and tumor necrosis. These findings establish Nodal as a potential target for the treatment of breast cancer angiogenesis and progression. Cancer Res; 72(15); 3851–63. ©2012 AACR.
Autoregulatory Mechanisms of Phosphorylation of Checkpoint Kinase 1
Authors: Wang Jingna , Han Xiangzi , Zhang Youwei 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1), a serine/threonine protein kinase, is centrally involved in cell-cycle checkpoints and cellular response to DNA damage. Phosphorylation of Chk1 at 2 Ser/Gln (SQ) sites, Ser-317 and Ser-345, by the upstream kinase ATR is critical for checkpoint activation. However, the precise molecular mechanisms controlling Chk1 phosphorylation and subsequent checkpoint activation are not well understood. Here, we report unique autoregulatory mechanisms that control protein phosphorylation of human Chk1, as well as checkpoint activation and cell viability. Phosphorylation of Ser-317 is required, but not sufficient, for maximal phosphorylation at Ser-345. The N-terminal kinase domain of Chk1 prevents Chk1 phosphorylation at the C-terminus by ATR in the absence of DNA damage. Loss of the inhibitory effect imposed by the N-terminus causes constitutive phosphorylation of Chk1 by ATR under normal growth conditions, which in turn triggers artificial checkpoints that suppress the S-phase progression. Furthermore, two point mutations were identified that rendered Chk1 constitutively active, and expression of the constitutively active mutant form of Chk1 inhibited cancer cell proliferation. Our findings therefore reveal unique regulatory mechanisms of Chk1 phosphorylation and suggest that expression of constitutively active Chk1 may represent a novel strategy to suppress tumor growth. Cancer Res; 72(15); 3786–94. ©2012 AACR.
ALKBH3 Contributes to Survival and Angiogenesis of Human Urothelial Carcinoma Cells through NADPH Oxidase and Tweak/Fn14/VEGF Signals
Authors: Shimada Keiji , Fujii Tomomi , Tsujikawa Kazutake , Anai Satoshi , Fujimoto Kiyohide , Konishi Noboru 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Purpose: The role and function of a novel human AlkB homologue, ALKBH3, in human urothelial carcinoma development were examined.
Experimental design: Biologic roles of ALKBH3 were examined by gene silencing analysis using in vitro and in vivo siRNA transfection. Immunohistochemical analyses of ALKBH3 and the related molecules using human bladder cancer samples were conducted to estimate the association with clinicopathologic or prognostic parameters.
Results: ALKBH3 knockdown induced cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase through downregulation of NAD(P)H oxidase-2 (NOX-2)–mediated generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ALKBH3 knockdown reduced VEGF expression by reducing expression of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (Tweak) and its receptor, fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14). Silencing of ALKBH3 or Tweak significantly suppressed invasion and angiogenesis of urothelial carcinoma in vivo as assessed both by a chorioallantoic membrane assay and in an orthotopic mouse model. Interestingly, not only urothelial carcinoma cells but also vascular endothelial cells within cancer foci expressed Fn14, which was strongly reduced by ALKBH3 and Tweak knockdown in vivo, suggesting that ALKBH3-dependent expression of Tweak stabilizes Fn14. Immunohistochemical examination showed high expression of ALKBH3, Tweak, and Fn14 in urothelial carcinoma, especially in high-grade, superficially, and deeply invasive carcinomas; moreover, Fn14-positive vessel counts within cancer foci were increased in invasive phenotypes.
Conclusions: ALKBH3 contributes to development of urothelial carcinomas by accelerating their survival, angiogenesis, and invasion through NOX-2-ROS and Tweak/Fn14-VEGF signals. Clin Cancer Res; 18(19); 5247–55. ©2012 AACR.
Paclitaxel-Coated Versus Uncoated Balloon Angioplasty Reduces Target Lesion Revascularization in Patients With Femoropopliteal Arterial Disease
Authors: Cassese Salvatore , Byrne Robert A. , Ott Ilka , Ndrepepa Gjin , Nerad Mateja , Kastrati Adnan , Fusaro Massimiliano 
Published: August 2012

Background—
In disease of the femoropopliteal artery, paclitaxel-coated balloon (PCB) therapy improved angiographic outcomes as compared with uncoated balloon (UCB) angioplasty. Nevertheless, it remains uncertain whether PCB may reduce the need for reintervention.

Methods and Results—

We searched Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), scientific session abstracts, and relevant web sites for trials of PCB versus UCB angioplasty. Key words were: “superficial femoral artery,” “popliteal artery,” “angioplasty,” “drug-eluting balloon,” “paclitaxel-eluting balloon,” and “randomized trial.” Inclusion criteria were: (1) randomized design; (2) intention-to-treat analysis; and (3) ≥6-month follow-up. Exclusion criteria were: (1) vessel treated other than femoropopliteal artery; (2) device used other than PCB/UCB; and (3) irretrievable or duplicated data. No restrictions (language, publication date, or status) were applied. The primary end point was target lesion revascularization. Secondary end points were: angiographic binary restenosis and late lumen loss and all-cause mortality. A total of 381 patients enrolled in 4 randomized trials were included (PCB, n=186 versus UCB, n=195). Median follow-up was 10.3 months. Angioplasty with PCB versus UCB reduces target lesion revascularization (12.2% versus 27.7%; OR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.13–0.38;
P
<0.00001), angiographic restenosis (18.7% versus 45.5%; OR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.14–0.48;
P
<0.0001), and late lumen loss (range, −0.05 to 0.50 mm versus 0.61–1.7 mm; weighted mean difference, −0.75 mm; 95% CI, −1.06 to −0.45;
P
<0.00001). No mortality difference was observed for PCB versus UCB (2.1% versus 3.2%; OR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.39–2.49;
P
=0.98).

Conclusions—
In femoropopliteal arterial disease, PCB therapy is associated with superior antirestenotic efficacy as compared with UCB angioplasty with no evidence of a differential safety profile.
Tracking Chromatid Segregation to Identify Human Cardiac Stem Cells That Regenerate Extensively the Infarcted Myocardium
Authors: Kajstura Jan , Bai Yingnan , Cappetta Donato , Kim Junghyun , Arranto Christian , Sanada Fumihiro , D'Amario Domenico , Matsuda Alex , Bardelli Silvana , Ferreira-Martins João , Hosoda Toru , Leri Annarosa , Rota Marcello , Loscalzo Joseph , Anversa Piero 
Published: August 2012

RETRACTION
This article has been retracted:

Circ Res
. 2018;123:e00. DOI: 10.1161/RES.0000000000000253.
Fracture and thermal behaviour of biomass ash polypropylene composites
Authors: Pardo SG , Bernal C , Abad MJ , Cano J , Ares A 
Published: August 2012

In this work, the fracture and thermal behaviour of environmentally friendly composites based on polypropylene (PP), an olefin block copolymer (OBC) and ash from biomass combustion was investigated. PP/OBC/ash composites with different ash contents and 10 wt% OBC were prepared by extrusion followed by compression moulding. Ash particles were treated with a silane coupling agent before blending to promote interfacial adhesion between polymer matrix, OBC and ash. An approach to fracture mechanics was investigated and showed that the fracture parameters increased when OBC was used. Fracture surface analysis by scanning electron microscope revealed that the presence of OBC promotes the material ductile failure and that one of the main failure mechanisms was fibrillised debonding of ash particles encapsulated by OBC from the matrix and its subsequent elongation around them. Free OBC inclusions distributed within the PP matrix would have also induced toughening in the composites investigated. The crystalline state of PP analysed by differential scanning calorimetry is clearly modified by the presence of ash particles, increasing the crystallisation rate and the crystallinity degree of the matrix due to the nucleating effect of the filler. However, the presence of the copolymer counteracted these effects and the PP crystalline state remained practically unchanged in the composites with OBC. Finally, environmentally friendly composites with significantly higher toughness than the matrix or binary PP/ash composites were obtained by introducing an OBC copolymer in the formulation.
Preparation and properties of epoxy resin modified with polyurethane based on hexamethylene diisocyanate and different polyols
Authors: Bakar M , Kostrzewa M , Pawelec Z 
Published: August 2012

Polyurethanes (PURs) synthesized using hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and polyethylene glycol with molecular weights of 400 g mol−1 and 600 g mol−1 (PUR 400 HDI and PUR 600 HDI) or polyoxypropylene diol (POPD) of molecular weights 1002 g mol−1 and 2002 g mol−1 (PUR 1002 HDI and PUR 2002 HDI) were used as modifiers for diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A. It was found that maximum improvement in impact strength and critical stress intensity factor ( KC) values was obtained for compositions containing 15% PUR 400 and 5% PUR 1002. Such improvement in the resistance to crack propagation due to PUR incorporation might be related with the soft segments of polyethylene glycol and POPD. The critical stress intensity factor ( KC) values increased from 1.7 MPa m1/2 (virgin epoxy) to 2.5 MPa m1/2 with the addition of 10% PUR 400. Fourier transform infrared spectra confirmed the formation of an interpenetrating polymer network structures with polymeric modifier. Scanning electron micrographs of epoxy resins (EPs) modified with PUR with longer chains (PUR 1002 and PUR 2002) exhibited a deformed leaf-like morphology with larger plastic deformation zones with the presence of microcracks. However, EP/PUR based on polyethylene glycol showed less deformed structure.
A major determinant of the immunogenicity of factor VIII in a murine model is independent of its procoagulant function
Authors: Meeks Shannon L. , Cox Courtney L. , Healey John F. , Parker Ernest T. , Doshi Bhavya S. , Gangadharan Bagirath , Barrow Rachel T. , Lollar Pete 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA main complication of treatment of patients with hemophilia A is the development of anti–factor VIII (fVIII) antibodies. The immunogenicity of fVIII potentially is a function of its procoagulant activity, which may result in danger signals that drive the immune response. Alternatively, intrinsic structural elements in fVIII may be particularly immunogenic. Finally, VWF, the carrier protein for fVIII in plasma, may play a role in immune recognition. We compared the immunogenicity of wild-type (wt) B domain–deleted fVIII and 2 inactive fVIII molecules, R372A/R1689A fVIII and V634M fVIII in fVIII−/− and fVIII−/−/VWF−/− mice. R372A/R1689A fVIII lacks proteolytic recognition sites and is not released from VWF. In contrast, V634M fVIII undergoes proteolytic cleavage and dissociation from VWF. No significant difference was observed in the immunogenicity of wt fVIII and V634M fVIII. R372A/R1689A fVIII was slightly less immunogenic in a subset of immunization regimens tested. High doses of wt fVIII were required to produce an immune response in fVIII−/−/VWF−/− mice. Our results indicate that a main component of the immune response to fVIII is independent of its procoagulant function, is both positively and negatively affected by its association with VWF, and may involve intrinsic elements of fVIII structure.
Outcome of high-risk acute myeloid leukemia after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: negative impact of abnl(17p) and −5/5q−
Authors: Middeke Jan M. , Beelen Dietrich , Stadler Michael , Göhring Gudrun , Schlegelberger Brigitte , Baurmann Herrad , Bug Gesine , Bellos Frauke , Mohr Brigitte , Buchholz Stefanie , Schwerdtfeger Rainer , Martin Hans , Hegenbart Ute , Ehninger Gerhard , Bornhäuser Martin , Schetelig Johannes 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
The European LeukemiaNet classification combines a heterogeneous group of aberrations as adverse-risk abnormalities. Our goal was to investigate the outcomes associated with distinct high-risk chromosomal abnormalities in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We performed a retrospective cohort analysis in patients with high-risk AML who received first, HLA-compatible, allogeneic HSCT between January 2005 and December 2008. Data from 236 patients with a median age of 55 years were included. Because complex karyotype (CK), −5/5q−, and abnl(17p) are overlapping categories, a hierarchical classification system based on the presence or absence of abnl(17p) and −5/5q− was developed. Patients with abnl(17p) had a 2-year event-free survival (EFS) of 11% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0%-25%), patients with −5/5q− but no abnl(17p) a 2-year EFS of 29% (95% CI, 14%-44%), and patients with adverse-risk AML but neither of the 2 marker lesions a 2-year EFS of 49% (95% CI, 39%-59%). Notably, complex and monosomal karyotypes lost their prognostic value when these marker lesions were excluded. In conclusion, hierarchical classification of adverse-risk karyotypes by 2 marker lesions, abnl(17p) and −5/5q−, is effective in prognostication of the outcome of allogeneic HSCT in AML.
Pediatric-type nodal follicular lymphoma: an indolent clonal proliferation in children and adults with high proliferation index and no BCL2 rearrangement
Authors: Louissaint Abner , Ackerman Adam M. , Dias-Santagata Dora , Ferry Judith A. , Hochberg Ephraim P. , Huang Mary S. , Iafrate A. John , Lara Daniel O. , Pinkus Geraldine S. , Salaverria Itziar , Siddiquee Zakir , Siebert Reiner , Weinstein Howard J. , Zukerberg Lawrence R. , Harris Nancy Lee , Hasserjian Robert P. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPediatric follicular lymphoma (PFL) is a variant of follicular lymphoma (FL) presenting as localized lymphadenopathy in children. Unlike conventional adult FL, PFL typically does not recur or progress. Clear diagnostic criteria for PFL are lacking, and it is uncertain whether this indolent lymphoma is defined by age or may occur in adults. We analyzed 27 FL in patients < 40 years of age and found that all 21 cases that lacked a BCL2 gene abnormality (BCL2-N; P < .0001) and had > 30% Ki67 fraction (high proliferation index, HPI; P = .0007) were stage I and did not progress or recur; in comparison, all 6 cases with BCL2 rearrangement and/or PI < 30% were stage III/IV, and 5 of 6 recurred or progressed. In a separate cohort of 58 adult FL (≥ 18 years of age), all 13 BCL2-N/HPI cases were stage I, and none progressed or relapsed, whereas 11 of 15 stage I cases with BCL2 gene abnormality and/or LPI relapsed or progressed (P = .0001). The adult and pediatric BCL2-N/HPI FL cases had similar morphologic features. Our results confirm the highly indolent behavior of PFL and suggest that these are characterized by HPI and absence of BCL2 gene abnormality. PFL-like cases also occur in adults and are associated with indolent behavior in this patient population.
Inhibition of apoptosis by BCL2 prevents leukemic transformation of a murine myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Slape Christopher I. , Saw Jesslyn , Jowett Jeremy B. M. , Aplan Peter D. , Strasser Andreas , Jane Stephen M. , Curtis David J. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Programmed cell death or apoptosis is a prominent feature of low-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), although the underlying mechanism remains controversial. High-risk MDS have less apoptosis associated with increased expression of the prosurvival BCL2-related proteins. To address the mechanism and pathogenic role of apoptosis and BCL2 expression in MDS, we used a mouse model resembling human MDS, in which the fusion protein NUP98-HOXD13 (NHD13) of the chromosomal translocation t(2;11)(q31;p15) is expressed in hematopoietic cells. Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from 3-month-old mice had increased rates of apoptosis associated with increased cell cycling and DNA damage. Gene expression profiling of these MDS progenitors revealed a specific reduction in Bcl2. Restoration of Bcl2 expression by a BCL2 transgene blocked apoptosis of the MDS progenitors, which corrected the macrocytic anemia. Blocking apoptosis also restored cell-cycle quiescence and reduced DNA damage in the MDS progenitors. We expected that preventing apoptosis would accelerate malignant transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, contrary to expectations, preventing apoptosis of premalignant cells abrogated transformation to AML. In contrast to the current dogma that overcoming apoptosis is an important step toward cancer, this work demonstrates that gaining a survival advantage of premalignant cells may delay or prevent leukemic progression.