bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positive‐feedback trading activity and momentum profits
Authors: Shi Jian , Chiang Thomas C. , Liang Xiaoli 
Published: March 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine positive‐feedback (PF) behavior and its relationship to momentum profitability and information uncertainty.Design/methodology/approachUsing the behavioral function of rational traders and feedback traders, the authors jointly estimate the mean and conditional variance equations of the GARCH model to derive the positive‐ and non‐positive‐feedback coefficients, respectively. In each six‐month period, the number of PF stocks were then calculated as a fraction of the total number of stocks in that period. The authors then investigate whether day‐to‐day PF trading activities vary across different momentum portfolios by calculating the percentage of PF stocks in each decile portfolio.FindingsThis study finds that about 9.4 per cent of stocks exhibit PF trading activities and that these activities have a more profound effect on stocks with a higher level of information uncertainty. The finding shows that the percentage of stocks with PF trading is higher in the portfolios of extreme losers than in the portfolios of extreme winners. The evidence suggests that stocks exhibiting PF trading activities subsequently experience significantly higher momentum returns.Originality/valueThis paper presents evidence to test whether a relationship exists between short‐term PF trading and future momentum profitability. Since PF traders tend to chase price movements, PF trading is more likely to cause stock prices to further diverge from the firm's fundamentals and, therefore, give rise to stock return momentum. This phenomenon appears to be more profound in this study when there is a higher level of information uncertainty.
Subperiod robustness checks: testing for effect mean stationarity
Authors: Stephen Haggard K. , Witte H. Douglas 
Published: March 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to suggest a superior method for assessing mean stationarity of asset pricing effects.Design/methodology/approachThe authors suggest the use of an F‐test to examine mean stationarity of asset pricing effects across subperiods. The superiority of this test is demonstrated through examination of the Halloween Effect using simulated data and the Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) data for 18 developed economies.FindingsIt is found that the suggested F‐test provides results superior to a simple examination of the magnitude and statistical significance of estimated regression coefficients across subperiods when attempting to determine mean stationarity.Originality/valueThis paper sheds light on an analytical oversight in the asset pricing anomalies literature and suggests an appropriate test to address this oversight.
Elements of a cybernetic epistemology: sequence learning systems
Authors: Nechansky Helmut 
Published: March 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze how sequence learning can build on pattern‐recognition systems and how it can contribute to the behavioral options of goal‐oriented systems.Design/methodology/approachA functional approach is used to develop the necessary cybernetic structures of a subsystem for sequence learning, that can recognize patterns, register patterns occurring repeatedly and connect these to sequences. Based on that it is analyzed how goal‐oriented systems can use information about reoccurring sequences.FindingsA subsystem for sequence learning basically requires pattern recognition and it needs a structure for the directed connection of single standards for pattern matching to standards for sequences, given that it can learn both new patterns and new sequences. Such a subsystem for sequence learning may recognize a certain pattern and with that the end of a certain sequence. So it may deliver more than one output signal at a point in time, and therefore needs additionally a subsystem for directing attention.Practical implicationsThe paper analyses the principles of an “associative” way of connecting standards for pattern matching to standards for sequences. Also it shows the cybernetic necessity of an attention directing system that has to decide how to deal with the multiple outputs of a subsystem for sequence learning, i.e. to decide to act either towards a pattern or a whole sequence.Originality/valueThe paper investigates basic mechanisms of sequence learning and its contribution to goal‐oriented behavior. Also, it lays the base for an analysis of attention directing systems and anticipatory systems.
Understanding the rural third sector: insights from Veblen and Bogdanov
Authors: Valentinov Vladislav 
Published: March 2012

PurposeDespite the worldwide importance of third sector organizations in rural areas, the theoretical connection between the third sector and rural development remains largely unexplored. The purpose of this paper is to develop a theoretical explanation of why and how third sector organizations contribute to rural development.Design/methodology/approachThe paper builds upon the institutional economics of Thorstein Veblen and the tektology of Alexander Bogdanov. Tektology is used as an instrument to bring Veblenian criticism of pecuniary culture to bear on the explanation of the rural third sector.FindingsBased on the tektological law of systems divergence, the Veblenian pecuniary‐industrial dichotomy and rural‐urban disparities are shown to be interrelated evolutionary consequences of pecuniary culture. Third sector organizations' contribution to rural development is explained in terms of the tektological notion of counter‐differentiation. Applied to pecuniary culture, counter‐differentiation involves attenuating its basic ingredients, such as private ownership and pecuniary motivation. This is achieved through third sector organizations' characteristics such as profit appropriation constraint and nonpecuniary goal orientation, respectively.Originality/valueThe paper identifies the institutional economics implications of the general systems theory and utilizes these implications to inform the research on the internationally relevant problem of rural development.
Cybernetic knee prosthesis: application of an adaptive central pattern generator
Authors: Torrealba Rafael R. , Cappelletto José , Fermín Leonardo , Fernández‐López G. , Grieco Juan C. 
Published: March 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to generate a virtual knee angle reference to be followed by a knee prosthesis control, using an adaptive central pattern generator (CPG). Also, to study the feasibility of this approach to implement a continuous control strategy on the prosthesis.Design/methodology/approachA CPG based on amplitude controlled phase oscillators (ACPOs) to track the current percentage of gait cycle on the prosthesis is proposed. Then, the virtual knee angle reference is generated along gait cycle, by interpolation with the corresponding angle of a sound knee. The structure and coupling of the CPG, as well as the control strategy are presented.FindingsThe coupling of the CPG with real gait on the prosthesis was proven, regardless of gait speed. Also, it was found that the maximum knee angle reached during walking is proportional to gait speed. Finally, generation of virtual knee angle reference to be followed by a prosthesis is demonstrated.Research limitations/implicationsAs only one event detected along gait cycle was used to update the CPG phase, the response to gait speed changes might be slow. Updating the CPG with more events remains for a future work.Practical implicationsThe coupling of the CPG with real gait on the prosthesis results in a continuous gait cycle tracker, useful for any control strategy to be applied.Originality/valueIt is the first time a bio‐inspired concept as CPGs is applied to the prosthetic field. This could mean the beginning of a new era of cybernetic prostheses, which reproduce the lost limb and also the control functions of it.
A new approach to obtain points of the closure of the real parts of the zeros of the partial sums 1 + 2z+ċ+nz,n≥2
Authors: Sepulcre J.M. , Vidal T. 
Published: March 2012

PurposeThis paper aims to present a new method for obtaining points of the set determined by the closure of the real projections of the zeros of each partial sum 1+2s+ċ+ns,n≥2,s=σ+it, of the Riemann zeta function and to show several applications of this result.Design/methodology/approachThe authors utilize an auxiliary function related to a known result of Avellar that characterizes the set of points of interest. Several figures and numerical experiences are presented to illustrate the various properties which are studied.FindingsIt is first shown that each point of the image of the auxiliary function can be approximated by points of the image of the function formed by the approximants. Secondly, conditions are given on the auxiliary function to obtain points satisfying the property of density which is studied. Finally, by using these conditions, several useful applications are presented to the casen=4 andσ0=0 which a more specific criterion is also given.Practical implicationsThis research is applicable for finding accumulation points of the set of the real projection of the zeros of the approximants on its critical interval. An exact interval included in this set is given for the casen=4. Also, it is demonstrated that the point 0 is included for a large set of values ofn.Originality/valueThe method employed is original and it contributes to the study on the properties of the density of the real parts of the zeros of a particular class of entire functions.
Harmonic analysis and applications
Authors: Filali Mahmoud 
Published: March 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to survey briefly how harmonic analyis started and developed throughout the centuries to reach its modern status and its surprisingly wide range of applications.Design/methodology/approachThe author traces applications of harmonic analysis back to Mesopotamia, ancient Egypt and the Indus Valley, showing how the Greeks have applied trigonometry and influenced its birth, then the important developments in India in the sixth century laying the first brick to modern trigonometry with the definition of the sinus, then medieval India founding modern mathematical analysis. Trigonometry was developed further by the Arabs until the fourteenth century, then by the Europeans. The eighteenth century in France was particularly important when Bernoulli solved, with an infinite trigonometric series, the vibrating string problem, then Fourier, who studied these series extensively. The author goes on to harmonic analysis on locally compact groups, and ends up with a quick personal view on harmonic analysis nowadays. The last section of the paper presents some of the modern applications. Harmonic analysis is, of course, still used for navigation but also has many other very surprising applications such as signal processing, quantum mechanics, neuroscience, tomography, etc.FindingsThe power of harmonic analysis lies in giving the solutions to various problems as infinite series of basic functions, so to be able to produce algorithms for FFT boxes, it must be understood how these series came about and the convergence of these series.Originality/valueThe review should be useful to people interested in studying and/or applying harmonic analysis.
Thermophysical properties and wetting behavior on Cu of selected SAC alloys
Authors: Fima Przemyslaw , Gancarz Tomasz , Pstrus Janusz , Bukat Krystyna , Sitek Janusz 
Published: March 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the effect of copper concentration in near‐eutectic liquid SAC solders on their thermophysical properties: viscosity, surface tension, density; as well as wetting behavior on copper substrates at 523 K.Design/methodology/approachViscosity, surface tension, and density were studied over a broad range of temperatures with the recently developed Roach‐Henein method. The obtained results were compared with the data from modified capillary, maximum bubble pressure, wetting balance and dilatometric measurements. Wetting angles measured with wetting balance method were compared with the results of sessile drop measurements.FindingsThe results obtained indicate that increasing concentration of copper in the alloy results in higher density, surface tension and viscosity, but differences resulting from copper concentration on wettability are relatively small. At 523 K, the density is: 7.097, 7.186, 7.232 g cm−3, the surface tension is: 538.1, 553.5, 556.7 m Nm−1, the viscosity is: 2.173, 2.227, 2.467 mPas, respectively, for alloys containing 0.41, 1.01 and 1.61 wt% of Cu. Wetting angles on copper substrates are similar within a margin of error for all compositions. The results of present study are compared with the available literature data and a relatively good agreement is observed.Originality/valueThis paper provides the data of thermophysical properties of widely‐used SAC solders including viscosity, of which there is little data in the literature. It is confirmed that the increased copper concentration increases viscosity, yet this effect is small and does not correlate with the wetting behavior.
Finite element analysis of flip – chip on board (FCOB) assembly during reflow soldering process
Authors: Addagarla Annapurna , Siva Prasad N. 
Published: March 2012

PurposeOut‐of‐plane displacement (warpage) is one of the major thermomechanical reliability concerns for board‐level electronic packaging. The warpage and residual stresses can cause unreliability in the performance of electronic chip. An accurate estimation of the distortion and the residual stresses will help in selecting right combination of material for soldering and to determine the better assembly procedure of the chip. The purpose of this paper is to create a 3D nonlinear finite element model to predict the warpage, bending stresses, shear and peel stresses in a flip‐chip on board (FCOB).Design/methodology/approachA 3D finite element procedure has been developed considering the material nonlinearity during solidification for a FCOB assembly. Finite element results have been compared with the experimental values.FindingsThe present finite element method gives better approximation of residual warpage and stresses compared to analytical models available in the literature.Originality/valueThe 3D finite element approach considering the elasto‐plastic and temperature‐dependent material properties has not been attempted by any authors. Experiments have been conducted for the comparison of finite element values. The finite element results compare better than the methods available in the literature. Hence a better method for estimating the deformation and residual stresses in flip‐chip assembly has been suggested.
Thermo‐mechanical behaviour of DBC substrate assemblies subject to soldering fabrication processes
Authors: Camilleri Duncan 
Published: March 2012

PurposePower electronics are usually soldered to Al2‐O3 direct‐bond‐copper (DBC) substrates to increase thermal diffusivity, while at the same time increasing electrical isolation. However, soldering gives rise to inherent residual stresses and out‐of‐plane deformation. The purpose of this paper is to look at the effect of soldering processes of Al2‐O3 DBC substrates to copper plates and power electronics, on their thermal fatigue life and warpage.Design/methodology/approachA numerical thermo‐mechanical finite element model, using the Chaboche material model, was developed to identify the thermal plastic strains evolved during soldering of DBC substrates to copper plates and power electronics. The plastic strains in conjunction with established extremely low cycle fatigue life prediction model for ductile material were used to predict the number of soldering cycles to failure. The predicted out‐of‐plane deformation and number of soldering cycles to failures was compared to realistic tests.FindingsSoldering processes drastically reduce the thermal fatigue life of DBC substrates, giving rise to thermal cracking and premature failure. In this study the soldering process considered gave rise to out‐of‐plane deformations, consequently reducing heat dispersion in soldered DBC substrate assemblies. Furthermore, soldering gave rise to interface cracking and failed after three soldering cycles. Numerical finite element models were developed and are in good agreement with the experimental tests results.Research limitations/implicationsThe influence of soldering processes of DBC substrates to copper plates and electronics on the thermal fatigue life should be taken into consideration when establishing the design life of DBC substrates. Finite element models can be utilised to optimize soldering processes and optimize the design of DBC substrates.Originality/valueThe effect of soldering processes on DBC substrates was studied. A numerical finite element model used for the prediction of design life cycle and out‐of‐plane deformation is proposed.
Mechanical property evaluation of nano‐silver paste sintered joint using lap‐shear test
Authors: Li Xin , Chen Gang , Chen Xu , Lu Guo‐Quan , Wang Lei , Mei Yun‐Hui 
Published: March 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the mechanical properties of nano‐silver paste sintered lap shear structures and to discuss the effects of loading rate and ambient temperature on shear strength and fracture mechanism.Design/methodology/approachSingle lap shear joints with an area of 2 mm2 and thickness of 50 μm were fabricated by joining two copper substrates with nano‐silver paste. The lap shear tests were carried out under strain control mode on a micro uniaxial fatigue testing system with four loading rates and temperatures. The fracture sections were analyzed by SEM observation to determine the effect of temperature on the fracture mechanism.FindingsResults from the study highlighted that the shear strain rate and temperature can have a significant impact on the shear behaviour of nano‐silver paste sintered lap shear joints. The shear strength increased with shear strain rate, but decreased with increasing ambient temperature. The lap shear joints displayed excellent ductility at higher temperatures due to the grain plastic flow.Originality/valueSo far, the investigation of the mechanical behaviour of low‐temperature sintered nano‐silver paste was restricted to a film form. No work had been done on nano‐silver paste connected structures. The findings presented in this paper give a basic understanding of the mechanical properties of nano‐silver sintered joints when sheared under different loading rates and temperatures.
The influence of the quality of the physical environment, food, and service on restaurant image, customer perceived value, customer satisfaction, and behavioral intentions
Authors: Ryu Kisang , Lee Hye‐Rin , Gon Kim Woo 
Published: March 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to propose an integrated model that examines the impact of three elements of foodservice quality dimensions (physical environment, food, and service) on restaurant image, customer perceived value, customer satisfaction, and behavioral intentions.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from customers at an authentic upscale Chinese restaurant located in a Southeastern state in the USA via a self‐administered questionnaire. Anderson and Gerbing's two‐step approach was used to assess the measurement and structural models.FindingsStructural equation modeling shows that the quality of the physical environment, food, and service were significant determinants of restaurant image. Also, the quality of the physical environment and food were significant predictors of customer perceived value. The restaurant image was also found to be a significant antecedent of customer perceived value. In addition, the results reinforced that customer perceived value is indeed a significant determinant of customer satisfaction, and customer satisfaction is a significant predictor of behavioral intentions.Research limitations/implicationsThe proposed model and study findings will greatly help researchers and practitioners understand the complex relationships among foodservice quality (physical environment, food, and service), restaurant image, customer perceived value, customer satisfaction, and behavioral intentions in the restaurant industry.Originality/valueThis study is the first to develop an integrated model that explicitly accounts for the influence of three restaurant service quality factors on restaurant image and customer perceived value. Using structural equation modeling, this study empirically confirms that the model with the causality from quality, in particular three dimensions of foodservice quality in this study, to restaurant image is superior to the one with causality from image to quality in the context of restaurant.
The relationships among work values, burnout, and organizational citizenship behaviors
Authors: Liang Ying‐Wen 
Published: March 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to identify that both work values and burnout are important predictors for promoting organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs). Moreover, this research also seeks to investigate the moderating impact of burnout on the relationships between work values and OCBs.Design/methodology/approachA total of 310 employee‐supervisor dyads of hotel front‐line service employees in Taiwan were selected as the research participants. The employees were asked to provide information on the items about work values and burnout, and their supervisors were asked to complete items concerning the OCBs of their subordinates. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to investigate measurement reliability and validity. All hypothesized relationships and moderating effects were tested using hierarchical regression equations.FindingsIt was found that both work values and burnout are important factors to consider for promoting OCBs. In addition, the study also proves that burnout as a moderator can decrease the predictions of the relationship between work values and OCBs.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited to the context culture and data collection process.Practical implicationsThis research argues that an employee having higher work values may extend his/her upward striving from in‐role behavior to extra‐role behavior. However, a diminished sense of personal accomplishment signifies that this job may no longer offer a personal interest to the point that an employee is unwilling to display OCBs.Originality/valueFindings of the present study suggest that not only both work values and burnout are important factors in influencing OCBs, but also their interaction effect is a key factor in influencing OCBs.