bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TRICHOGRAMMA SPP. (HYMENOPTERA: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE) AS EGG PARASITOIDS OF SEPEDON FUSCIPENNIS (DIPTERA: SCIOMYZIDAE) AND OTHER AQUATIC DIPTERA
Authors: Juliano Steven A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAt least two species of Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) parasitize the eggs of Sepedon fuscipennis Loew (Diptera: Sciomyzidae) in freshwater habitats of central New York. Trichogramma julianoi Platner and Oatman parasitizes S. fuscipennis and Elgiva sundewalli Fries (Diptera: Sciomyzidae). Trichogramma sp. near californicum Nagaraja and Nagarkatti parasitizes S. fuscipennis, E. sundewalli, Tetanocera spp. (Diptera: Sciomyzidae), and pyralid moths (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). T. julianoi was most active in early and late summer. T. sp. near californicum was most active in mid- and late summer. Another undescribed species, similar to Trichogramma semblidis (Aurivillius), occurs in the same habitats but does not parasitize S. fuscipennis. Its primary hosts are Stratiomyidae (Diptera). Mortality of S. fuscipennis eggs due to Trichogramma varied significantly over the summer and reached 43.6% in late July and early August. A list of parasitoids reared from eggs of insects collected in fresh-water habitats is given.
THE INFLUENCE OF FORMULATION ON TOXICITY AND AVAILABILITY OF A PESTICIDE (METHOXYCHLOR) TO BLACK FLY LARVAE (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE), SOME NON-TARGET AQUATIC INSECTS AND FISH
Authors: Sebastien R. J. , Lockhart W. L. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractTwo formulations of methoxychlor were compared with regard to toxicity and availability to aquatic organisms. A particulate formulation was less toxic than an emulsifiable formulation to chironomid larvae, stonefly nymphs, and fish. Similarly the particulate methoxychlor was less rapidly accumulated from water by those same animals than was the emulsified methoxychlor. With black fly larvae, the only filter-feeding animal used, the two formulations were about equal in toxicity, but the particulate formulation was accumulated more readily than emulsified material. Both formulations induced larvae to detach from substrate but emulsifiable methoxychlor acted more quickly. At the time of detachment, larvae exposed to the particulate formulation contained an average of 68 times more methoxychlor than larvae exposed to the emulsion.
THE WORLD RHYPAROCHROMINAE (HEMIPTERA: LYGAEIDAE) XVII. THE GENUS HEBROLETHAEUS SCUDDER
Authors: Scudder G. G. E. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe genus Hebrolethaeus Scudder is not monobasic, but contains five distinct species. H. aurantiacus (Distant) from New Caledonia is redescribed. The four other species described as new are H. albus from the New Hebrides, H. concisus from New Caledonia, H. nigrus from the Loyalty Islands, and H. pullus from New Caledonia. H. concisus is also recorded from Norfolk Island, and a key to species is presented.
RECOVERY OF AQUATIC ARTHROPOD POPULATIONS IN A WOODLAND STREAM AFTER DEPLETION BY FENITROTHION TREATMENT
Authors: Eidt D. C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractFenitrothion injected into a stream at 73 μg/L diminished to 23 μg/L 343 m downstream and resulted in a decline of standing crop of benthic arthropods between 343 and 375 m downstream. Large and small insect larvae were not affected differentially. Most of the kill consisted of Leuctra spp. (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) larvae. Benthos recovery was complete 50 days after the treatment.
SEASONAL ACTIVITY OF THE NATIVE ELM BARK BEETLE, HYLURGOPINUS RUFIPES, IN CENTRAL ONTARIO (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)
Authors: Gardiner L. M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractDaily trapping of native elm bark beetles, Hylurgopinus rufipes (Eichh.), in central Ontario showed that the population is divided into fairly discrete overwintering adult and larval groups. Group proportions depend on the stage of development of the local beetle infestation and disease infection. Both beetles and disease are spread by mass movement of beetles, in late summer and fall, in search of living elm trees in which to feed and overwinter.
A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF QUEDIINI FROM CHILE (COLEOPTERA: STAPHYLINIDAE)
Authors: Smetana Aleš 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA new genus, Valdiviodes, and species, V. ashworthi, of Quediini from Chile are described and illustrated. The biology of the species is briefly discussed. A key to the Chilean genera of Quediini is given.
WITHIN-TREE DISTRIBUTION OF THE PUPAE OF THANASIMUS DUBIUS (COLEOPTERA: CLERIDAE), A PREDATOR OF THE SOUTHERN PINE BEETLE (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)
Authors: Mizell Russell F. , Nebeker T. Evan 
Published: December 2009

AbstractRegression models of the form lnY = b0 + b1ln(X−c) + b2X are presented that describe the within-tree distribution of the pupae of Thanasimus dubius (F.), a clerid predator of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimm. More T. dubius pupae/100 cm2 of bark area were found in loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., than in shortleaf pine, P. echinata Miller, and the number increased with increasing tree diameter class. Peak densities were found at a height of 1–4 m.
THE SUITABILITY OF NINE SPECIES OF CRUCIFERAE AS HOSTS FOR THE LARVAE OF THE RED TURNIP BEETLE, ENTOMOSCELIS AMERICANA (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE)
Authors: Gerber G. H. , Obadofin A. A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe suitability of nine species of Cruciferae as hosts for the larvae of the red turnip beetle, Entomoscelis americana Brown, was tested in the laboratory using excised cotyledons or true leaves as food and rape (Brassica campestris L.) as the standard. The three types of commercial mustards grown in Canada (yellow-seeded (oriental mustard) and brown-seeded (brown mustard) forms of Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.; and yellow mustard, B. hirta Moench) and three weeds (Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic, shepherd’s purse; Erucastrum gallicum (Willd.) O.E. Schulz, dog mustard; and Sinapis arvensis L., wild mustard) were suitable food plants. Brassica nigra (L.) Koch (black mustard), Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb (flixweed), and Sisymbrium loeselii L. (tall hedge mustard) were marginally suitable. Thlaspi arvense L. (stinkweed) was a non-host plant. These observations suggest that an important element of the pest management system for the red turnip beetle should be the elimination of volunteer commercial mustards and the cruciferous weeds, except T. arvense, in April and May to prevent population build-up.
HYADAPHIS TATARICAE (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE), A PEST OF HONEYSUCKLE NEW TO NORTH AMERICA
Authors: Boisvert Jean-Maurice , Cloutier Conrad , McNeil Jeremy 
Published: December 2009

AbstractDamage to honeysuckle (Lonicera spp.) has been associated with Hyadaphis tataricae (Ajzenberg), an aphid species of European origin previously unknown in North America. A survey indicated that H. tataricae is present throughout much of the Province of Quebec. Marked differences were observed in the degree to which various species and cultivars of honeysuckle were attacked, in both the Montreal Botanical Garden and the van den Hende Garden in Quebec City.
THE FLIGHT RANGE OF CULICOIDES VARIIPENNIS (DIPTERA: CERATOPOGONIDAE)
Authors: Lillie Thomas H. , Marquardt William C. , Jones Robert H. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe flight range of Culicoides variipennis was studied in a bluetongue virus enzootic area during the summer of 1977. Field-collected larvae and pupae were reared to the adult stage in a field laboratory. Approximately 82,200 flies were marked with micronized fluorescent dusts and released and 403 were recaptured in CO2-baited baffle traps. The maximum distance traveled was 0.8 km by a male and 4.0 km by a female. One female was recovered on the release night 2.8 km from the release point. The mean distance traveled (MDT) was 0.8 km on the release night, 2.02 km on one night postrelease, and 2.11 km on two nights postrelease. The MDT for all flies recovered up to eight nights postrelease was 1.89 km.Based on the overall MDT of 1.89 km, the transmission of a disease agent by C. variipennis becomes theoretically possible if the host population density is greater than one per 3.57 km2. The probability of transmission can be significantly reduced if a 3.57 km2 area surrounding a single C. variipennis breeding site is treated with an effective insecticide.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE SPRING FLIGHT OF THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER, OSTRINIA NUBILALIS (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)
Authors: McLeod D. G. R. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA multiple regression analysis was used to establish which weather factors and population parameters were important in determining the emergence pattern of the spring flight of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.), as measured by light trap catches. Equations which estimated the slope and intercept of a line representing the probit of cumulative percentage emergence vs. degree days had as independent variables the intercept of the previous year’s regression line and the average temperature for the preceding September, December, February, and April. A comparison of methods used to estimate the emergence pattern showed that the average deviation of the average date method was 5.0 days, the average slope and intercept method 2.8 days, and multiple regression method 1.6 days.
WINTER SAMPLING TO DETERMINE OVERWINTERING SITES AND ESTIMATE DENSITY OF ADULT FLEA BEETLE PESTS OF RAPE (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE)
Authors: Burgess L. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe three most important flea beetle pests of western Canadian rape crops appear to be selective in choosing their overwintering sites, as the greatest densities of overwintering adults of Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze) and Psylliodes punctulata Melsh. were found in leaf litter and turf beneath hedges and(or) shelterbelts, while that of Phyllotreta striolata (F.) was found in these materials beneath groves of native trees. Most beetles overwintered near the surface in leaf litter and turf rather than in the underlying soil. Within a habitat, sample to sample variation for each species was usually large and the overwintering populations appear to have an aggregated distribution pattern. Winter samples over a 6-year period from all five habitat types combined or from parkland groves reflected the continuously low level of the field population of Psylliodes punctulata, and a marked increase in the field population of P. striolata that occurred in one year. Winter samples taken from hedges and(or) shelterbelts provided little information on population sizes or trends except for indicating the general low level of the Psylliodes punctulata population. Winter mortality was low for all three species. The foregoing information will be useful for developing future sampling plans so that overwintering flea beetle populations can be estimated more reliably.
FINAL-INSTAR LARVAE OF NATIVE HYMENOPTEROUS AND DIPTEROUS PARASITES OF OPEROPHTERA SPP. (LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE) IN BRITISH COLUMBIA
Authors: Gillespie David R. , Finlayson Thelma 
Published: December 2009

AbstractNine species of parasites and one hyperparasite were reared from a complex of the brace spanworm, Operophtera bruceata (Hulst), and the European winter moth, O. brumata (L.), collected in the Victoria area of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, in 1976 and 1977. Parasitism of the host complex was about 1.5%, mainly due to an unnamed species of Phobocampe (Ichneumonidae). All species of parasites taken in British Columbia on the two hosts have congeneric counterparts on O. brumata in Europe as listed by Wylie (1961); thus the release of exotic species in addition to the two already released in British Columbia may not enhance the biological control of O. brumata. Descriptions and illustrations of cephalic structures of final-instar larvae of the parasites and a key for their separation are given.
LAST INSTAR LARVAE OF PYRAUSTINI OF AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)
Authors: Allyson Suzanne 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe last instar larvae of the tribe Pyraustini of America north of Mexico are described. Thirty-five species and 19 genera are included in this study, Munroeodes Amsel—1 species, Saucrobotys Munroe—1 species, Epicorsia Hübner—1 species, Oenobotys Munroe—1 species, Crocidophora Lederer—1 species, Ostrinia Hübner—3 species, Fumibotys Munroe—1 species, Eurrhypara Hübner—1 species, Phlyctaenia Hübner—1 species, Nealgedonia Munroe—1 species, Mutuuraia Munroe—1 species, Anania Hübner—1 species, Hahncappsia Munroe—5 species, Achyra Guenée—2 species, Helvibotys Munroe—1 species, Sitochroa Hübner—1 species, Uresiphita Hübner—1 species, Loxostege Hübner—5 species, and Pyrausta Schrank—6 species. The last instar larvae of 10 species are described for the first time, Munroeodes thalesalis (Walker), Oenobotys vinotinctalis (Hampson), Crocidophora pustuliferalis Lederer, Nealgedonia extricalis (Guenée), Pyrausta dapalis (Grote), P. fodinalis (Lederer), P. sp. near laticlavia (Grote and Robinson), P. orphisalis Walker, P. tyralis (Guenée), P. unifascialis (Packard). The relationships between the adults and the larvae are discussed. Key to the genera for last instar larvae is given, and the larval characters illustrated.
THE IMPORTANCE OF DRY PLANT MATERIAL IN THE DIET OF THE GRASSHOPPER MELANOPLUS SANGUINIPES (ORTHOPTERA: ACRIDIDAE)
Authors: McKinlay K. S. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractDiets of fresh wheat foliage, rye, or lettuce had to be supplemented with dried wheat leaves, bran, or a dry alfalfa mix to obtain adequate growth and reproduction in the grasshopper Melanoplus sanguinipes (Fabr.). It was concluded that the high water content of fresh plant material makes it necessary for this insect to supplement its diet with dry vegetable material and that this may account for the success of toxic bran baits under field conditions.
EFFECTS OF COLONY DIVISION ON FOUNDRESS ASSOCIATIONS IN POLISTES FUSCATUS (HYMENOPTERA: VESPIDAE)
Authors: van Bendegem Jack P. , Gibo David L. , Alloway Thomas M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThree colonies of Polistes fuscatus (Fabricius), each with two foundresses, were bisected during the pre-emergence stage and separated for 20 days. In the absence of the dominant, each subordinate foundrss became an egg-laying queen on her half of the nest. The dominant foundress did not exhibit superior reproductive productivity. The split colonies were reunited by placing the nests approximately 4.0 cm apart in a single nest box. Each foundress and all workers were observed tending both half-colonies, and the original dominance hierarchy was apparently restored in two of the three colonies.
ALLELOCHEMIC ACTIVITY OF AGGREGATION PHEROMONES BETWEEN THREE SYMPATRIC SPECIES OF AMBROSIA BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)
Authors: Borden J. H. , Chong L. , Slessor K. N. , Oehlschlager A. C. , Pierce H. D. , Lindgren B. S. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractField experiments tested lineatin, the aggregation pheromone of Trypodendron lineatum (Olivier), in combination with either S-(+)- or (±)-sulcatol, the pheromones of Gnathotrichus retusus (LeConte) and G. sulcatus (LeConte), respectively. Beetles of each species responded maximally to their own pheromone alone or in a binary combination. Slight, but significant cross attraction between Gnathotrichus spp. was evident, and G. retusus was slightly attracted to lineatin. Both Gnathotrichus spp., but not T. lineatum, responded to α-pinene with ethanol. These two compounds had no effect on the allelochemic activity of the pheromones. While mutually inhibitory communication would be of adaptive advantage in bark beetles which compete for an essentially 2-dimensional host, the phloem tissue, little selection pressure would occur among ambrosia beetles which share a more bountiful host, the 3-dimensional sapwood; hence the lack of mutual inhibition between Gnathotrichus spp. and T. lineatum. On the other hand, enantiomer-based specificity in pheromone communication between Gnathotrichus spp. may have been at least a partial basis for speciation. Compatibility of lineatin with either S-(+)- or (±)-sulcatol indicates that in pheromone-based pest management, 2-binary pheromone stimulus release systems can be used instead of 3 single ones.
EFFECTS OF A NATURAL BIVOLTINE STRAIN OF THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER, OSTRINIA NUBILALIS (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE), ON GRAIN CORN YIELDS IN SOUTHWESTERN ONTARIO, 1973–77
Authors: Foott W. H. , Timmins P. R. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA 5-year study of a bivoltine strain of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), showed that first-generation moths deposited more eggs on early-planted corn, whereas second-generation moths oviposited more frequently on late-planted corn. The second generation was much larger than the first generation and caused the greater reduction in yield, regardless of whether the yields were based on physiological losses or a combination of physiological losses and dropped ears. It was shown that delay of harvest beyond the time that moisture content of the corn was sufficiently low for machine harvesting could result in severe yield losses from broken stalks and dropped ears during autumn storms.
REVISION OF THE TRIBE QUEDIINI OF AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO (COLEOPTERA: STAPHYLINIDAE). SUPPLEMENTUM 5
Authors: Smetana Aleš 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA new species of the genus Quedius Stephens, Q. repens spec, nov., is described from Oregon. It belongs to the Limbifer-group and represents the third species of this species group known from the Pacific coast area.Additional data on taxonomy, bionomics, and geographical distribution of many species are presented.
ARTHROPOD COMMUNITIES IN THE CROWNS OF THE NATURAL AND PLANTED STANDS OF PINUS RADIATA (MONTEREY PINE) IN CALIFORNIA
Authors: Ohmart C. P. , Voigt W. G. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractOne hundred and ten species of insects together with unidentified spiders and pseudoscorpions were collected in foliage samples of Pinus radiata taken from the three natural mainland populations and two planted populations in California. The diversity of the arthropod community in the crowns of P. radiata D.Don was low with 76% of the total number of individuals accounted for by five species groups and 88% by 11 species groups. Spiders were the most abundant species group, comprising 33% of the total number of individuals. The most abundant insect groups were Homoptera, Hemiptera and Coleoptera, respectively. The natural stands supported more species at higher population levels than the planted stands which supported only two species at very high population levels and the rest at low levels. The arthropod communities at the borders of the natural stands were more diverse than at the centers of the stands. The degree of similarity between the natural stands seemed to reflect their geographic distribution; Ano Nuevo and Monterey were most alike and the differences between Ano Nuevo and Cambria were greater than those between Monterey and Cambria. Differences in insect communities within and between the natural and planted stands are discussed in detail.
FIRST RECORD OF THRIPOCTENOIDES FROM NORTH AMERICA, WITH DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE)
Authors: Yoshimoto Carl M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe genus Thripoctenoides (subfamily Entedontinae: Eulophidae) is recorded from North America for the first time, and Thripoctenoides kaulbarsi, new species, is described.
FLAGGING: HOSTS DEFENCES VERSUS OVIPOSITION STRATEGIES IN PERIODICAL CICADAS (MAGICICADA SPP., CICADIDAE, HOMOPTERA)
Authors: White JoAnn 
Published: December 2009

AbstractDissections of eggnests of brood XIV, 17-year periodical cicadas (Magicicada spp.) confirmed earlier reports that most eggs do not hatch when the host twig is so damaged that it withers, breaks and dies, i.e., “flags”. However, the proportion of eggs hatching in experimentally broken twigs is intermediate between the proportions hatching in flagged twigs and in live twigs. Evidently, the developmental stage of the egg at the time of twig breakage is the major factor reducing hatching success.Some of the vigorously growing branches respond to oviposition damage by secreting resin or forming callous tissue, which imprisons many eggs, preventing them from hatching. The data suggest that ovipositing cicadas have developed an oviposition strategy that both maximizes the number and percentage hatch of eggs laid per twig, and reduces the incidence of flagging and host defence responses. Large aggregations of ovipositing females may weaken the host plant and prevent it from responding. On the other hand these aggregations increase twig breakage. However, the proportion of twigs broken is reduced by each cicada species using somewhat different twig sizes, by the smaller species adjusting eggnest structure to fit the twig size used, and by all females positioning their eggnests along the twig in such a way as to avoid overlap.
TWO NEW SPECIES OF LYGAEINAE (HEMIPTERA: LYGAEIDAE) FROM CANADA
Authors: Scudder G. G. E. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractTwo new species of Lygaeinae are described from Canada. Lygaeospilus brevipilus from British Columbia and Melanopleurus perplexus from Alberta, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan. L. brevipilus is also recorded from Oregon. The record of M. perplexus in Canada represents an extension of the previously recorded range for the genus Melanopleurus. Revised keys to the species of Lygaeospilus and Melanopleurus are given.
LE GROUPE NÉARCTIQUE MYRMICA LAMPRA (FORMICIDAE, HYMENOPTERA)
Authors: Francoeur André 
Published: December 2009

RésuméLe groupe Myrmica lampra, exclusif à la région néarctique, comprend deux espèces sans caste ouvrière et apparemment parasites d’une autre espèce, Myrmica alaskensis. Les caractéristiques de ce nouveau groupe sont présentées, avec la description d’une nouvelle espèce, M. quebecensis. Suit une discussion sur les affinités taxonomiques du groupe dans le genre, ce qui conduit à la conclusion que le sous-genre paléarctique Dodecamyrmica s’avère artificiel et inutile.
BIOCONTROL OF CANADA THISTLE (CIRSIUM ARVENSE): RELEASES AND EFFECTIVENESS OF CEUTORHYNCHUS LITURA (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) IN CANADA
Authors: Peschken D. P. , Wilkinson A. T. S. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractCeutorhynchus litura (F.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is established since 1967 in Ontario, and is increasing slowly on nine release sites in five provinces. The weevil is not a good control agent because its reproductive capacity does not compensate for losses inflicted by cultivation and the stress resulting from larval mining is so light that it produces no noticeable reduction in the vigour of Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.). In contrast to earlier findings, it is doubtful that C. litura aids in the spread of the rust Puccinia punctiformis (Str.) Rohl. Further stress factors from other insects or pathogens are needed to control this vigorous weed.
SIMULATING AERIAL SPRAYS FOR THE WESTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE): EVALUATION OF TECHNIQUE AND TWO CANDIDATE INSECTICIDES
Authors: Richmond Charles E. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA new spray application system which mimics the spray deposit of aerial applications of chemical insecticides was developed and tested using acephate at the rate of 60 g a.i./L (U.S. Environmental Protection Act registered dosage) on small Douglas-fir and subalpine fir trees infested with western spruce budworm. The system successfully duplicated aerial application by causing a budworm population reduction equivalent to previous aerial tests having analogous insecticide deposit characteristics. Using the system, preliminary information was gained on the effectiveness of sulprofos and thiodicarb. When delivered at a rate of 4.1 L/ha, sulprofos caused a budworm population reduction of 86.2% at 22.4 g a.i./L and thiodicarb caused a reduction of 98% at 45 g a.i./L.