bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An exploratory study of the follow‐up care needs of patients treated for colorectal cancer
Authors: Beaver Kinta , Latif Saima , Williamson Susan , Procter Debbie , Sheridan Janet , Heath Jonathan , Susnerwala Shabbir , Luker Karen 
Published: October 2010

Aims and objectives.  To explore patient perceptions of their experiences of follow‐up care after treatment for colorectal cancer.Background.  The optimal follow‐up strategy for colorectal cancer is not known, and although patients are seen in traditional outpatient follow‐up clinics, this system may not meet psycho‐social and information needs.Design.  An exploratory qualitative study.Method.  In‐depth interviews were conducted with 27 patients who had completed treatment for colorectal cancer. The data were analysed using thematic analysis.Results.  One dominant theme emerged from the data with several sub‐themes. The dominant theme was ‘knowing what to expect’ after bowel surgery. The subthemes related to ‘living with altered bowel function’, the ways patients gathered information about their condition through ‘trial and error’ and ‘information and support from specialist nurses’. Patients who did not have a stoma were particularly vulnerable and expressed a need for more information on knowing what to expect after surgery. The role of the colorectal nurse specialist was vital in providing information and support; in particular, nurse‐led clinics provided continuity of care and information that was tailored to individual need.Conclusions.  Traditional hospital follow‐up does not always address patients’ psycho‐social and information needs. Nurse‐led services were commented on favourably in terms of providing information that was tailored to individual need as well as being responsive to urgent patient concerns; future innovative strategies for providing follow‐up care for patients with colorectal cancer should draw on the specialist knowledge and skills of these nurses.Relevance to clinical practice.  Nurse‐led clinics and/or telephone follow‐up by specialist nurses may be effective models of care for this particular patient group, providing appropriate access for meeting clinical, psycho‐social and information needs.
Evolutionary history of the conifer root rot fungus Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato
Authors: DALMAN K. , OLSON Å. , STENLID J. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe investigated two hypotheses for the origin of the root rot fungus Heterobasidion annosum species complex: (i) that geology has been an important factor for the speciation (ii) that co‐evolutionary processes with the hosts drove the divergence of the pathogen species. The H. annosum species complex consists of five species: three occur in Europe, H. annosum s.s., Heterobasidion parviporum and Heterobasidion abietinum, and two in North America, Heterobasidion irregulare and Heterobasidion occidentale; all with different but partially overlapping host preferences. The evolution of the H. annosum species complex was studied using six partially sequenced genes, between 10 and 30 individuals of each species were analysed. Neighbour‐joining trees were constructed for each gene, and a Bayesian tree was built for the combined data set. In addition, haplotype networks were constructed to illustrate the species relationships. For three of the genes, H. parviporum and H. abietinum share haplotypes supporting recent divergence and/or possible gene flow. We propose that the H. annosum species complex originated in Laurasia and that the H. annosum s.s./H. irregulare and H. parviporum/H. abietinum/H. occidentale ancestral species emerged between 45 and 60 Ma in the Palaearctic, well after the radiation of the host genera. Our data imply that H. irregulare and H. occidentale were colonizing North America via different routes. In conclusion, plate tectonics are likely to have been the main factor influencing Heterobasidion speciation and biogeography.
Differential threshold effects of habitat fragmentation on gene flow in two widespread species of bush crickets
Authors: LANGE REBECCA , DURKA WALTER , HOLZHAUER STEPHANIE I. J. , WOLTERS VOLKMAR , DIEKÖTTER TIM 
Published: October 2010

AbstractEffects of habitat fragmentation on genetic diversity vary among species. This may be attributed to the interacting effects of species traits and landscape structure. While widely distributed and abundant species are often considered less susceptible to fragmentation, this may be different if they are small sized and show limited dispersal. Under intensive land use, habitat fragmentation may reach thresholds at which gene flow among populations of small‐sized and dispersal‐limited species becomes disrupted. Here, we studied the genetic diversity of two abundant and widespread bush crickets along a gradient of habitat fragmentation in an agricultural landscape. We applied traditional (GST,θ) and recently developed (,D) estimators of genetic differentiation on microsatellite data from each of twelve populations of the grassland speciesMetrioptera roeseliiand the forest‐edge speciesPholidoptera griseoapterato identify thresholds of habitat fragmentation below which genetic population structure is affected. Whereas the grassland species exhibited a uniform genetic structuring (GST = 0.020–0.033;D = 0.085–0.149) along the whole fragmentation gradient, the forest‐edge species’ genetic differentiation increased significantly fromD < 0.063 (GST < 0.018) toD = 0.166 (GST = 0.074), once the amount of suitable habitat dropped below a threshold of 20% and its proximity decreased substantially at the landscape scale. The influence of fragmentation on genetic differentiation was qualitatively unaffected by the choice of estimators of genetic differentiation but quantitatively underestimated by the traditional estimators. These results indicate that even for widespread species in modern agricultural landscapes fragmentation thresholds exist at which gene flow among suitable habitat patches becomes restricted.
Sweet’s syndrome: retrospective study of clinical and histologic features of 44 cases from a tertiary care center
Authors: Abbas Ossama , Kibbi Abdul‐Ghani , Rubeiz Nelly 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground  Sweet’s syndrome (SS) is an uncommon disorder characterized by the abrupt onset of erythematous papules and plaques that histologically exhibit diffuse dermal neutrophilic infiltrate and edema. There are usually associated constitutional symptoms such as fever, neutrophilia, elevated serum inflammatory markers, and associated disorders. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and histologic features of all patients diagnosed with SS at our institution between 1971 and 2008 and to compare their findings with those published in the literature.Methods  Retrospective review of 44 cases of SS diagnosed at the American University of Beirut ‐ Medical Center between 1971 and 2008. Data collected included clinical (age, gender, morphology and distribution of lesions, associated symptoms and disorders, therapy) and histologic features, as well as laboratory abnormalities.Results  Most of our patients showed the typical clinical, histologic, and laboratory abnormalities characteristic of SS. Of our 44 patients, 33 (75%) had classic SS while 11 (25%) had an underlying malignant disorder. Of all patients, 7 (16%) were in the pediatric age group, five (11%) had the neutrophilic dermatosis of the dorsal hands variant of SS and two (5%) had subcutaneous SS. Most patients were treated with a tapering dose of systemic corticosteroids with a good response.Conclusion  The clinical and histologic findings of the 44 SS patients in our study are generally comparable to those published in the literature, with some differences.
Immunohistochemical prognostic criteria in xeroderma pigmentosum
Authors: Karakok Metin , Turkmen Arif , Bekerecioglu Mehmet , Emrah Koçer N. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractXeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare inheritable disease characterized by severe sun sensitivity and early development of skin cancers. We compared the expression of cell proliferation markers and cell cycle checkpoint regulators in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and basal cell carcinomas (BCC) from patients with and without XP. Immunostaininng for p53, Ki‐67, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was determined in SCCs and BCCs from 18 XP patients and 30 controls. Nine of the 18 XP patients had SCC and BCC, and the other nine had only SCC. In the control group, 15 moderately differentiated SCCs and 15 BCCs were evaluated. Expressions of p53, Ki‐67 and PCNA in XP and non‐XP patients were assessed statistically by using the Chi‐square method. Expression of Ki‐67 and PCNA was found to be greater in SCC from XP patients than controls (P = 0.021 and P = 0.033, respectively). Expression of PCNA and p53 by BCCs was greater in XP patients (P < 0.001 and P = 0.027, respectively). There was a significant difference in Ki‐67 (P < 0.001) and PCNA (P = 0.001) expression between the lesions of the XP patients who died during the follow up and XP patients who survived. In XP patients, SCCs with more than 10% Ki‐67 expression and %50 PCNA expression have a poor prognosis. Our results suggest that increased Ki‐67 and PCNA expression may be a predictor for recurrence of nonmelanocytic skin cancer and a poor prognosis.
Secondary syphilis resembling erythema multiforme
Authors: Bhate Chinmoy , Tajirian Ani L. , Kapila Rajendra , Clark Lambert W. , Schwartz Robert A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground  Secondary syphilis, which typically begins 4‐10 weeks after initial exposure to Treponema pallidum, manifests with a range of cutaneous patterns. One unusual variation features oval, targetoid plaques that may resemble erythema multiforme (EM).Methods  We describe a 23‐year‐old woman with an EM‐like eruption, a mucous patch, and a prominent alopecia somewhat moth‐eaten in appearance. She had positive rapid plasma reagin and fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA‐ABS) tests, and a skin biopsy revealed swollen endothelial cells with a superficial perivascular infiltrate containing plasma cells. Response to intramuscular penicillin therapy was consistent with the empiric diagnosis of secondary syphilis.Conclusions  One should consider secondary syphilis in the differential diagnosis of an eruption resembling EM.
The role of human herpesvirus‐6, Epstein–Barr virus and cytomegalovirus infections in the etiopathogenesis of different types of cutaneous drug reactions
Authors: Özcan Deren , Seçkin Deniz , Bilezikçi Banu , Arslan Hande 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground Recently, it has been recognized that drug‐induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS) is associated with reactivation of human herpesvirus‐6 (HHV‐6), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV). However, whether those viruses have a role in the development of cutaneous drug reactions (CDRs) other than DIHS is not known.Objective To investigate the role of HHV‐6, EBV and CMV infections in the etiopathogenesis of different types of CDRs.Methods Eighteen patients with diagnosis of CDR according to the clinical and histopathological findings were evaluated. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for the detection of EBV, CMV, and HHV‐6 DNA in lesional skin biopsy specimens; EBV and CMV DNA in serum samples; and HHV‐6 DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Results The genome of HHV‐6 was detected only in the lesional skin of two patients with DIHS. Epstein–Barr virus and CMV DNA in the skin lesions, EBV and CMV genomes in the serum samples, and HHV‐6 DNA in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells were negative in all patients.Limitations The patient population was small and did not include all types of CDRs. Also, we had only two patients with DIHS. We had not been able to measure the increase in anti‐viral IgG titers in serial serum samples.Conclusion Epstein–Barr virus and CMV infections do not seem to have a role in the etiopathogenesis of CDRs including DIHS. The association between HHV‐6 infection and CDRs is likely to be limited to DIHS.
Mycetoma in South India: retrospective analysis of 13 cases and description of two cases caused by unusual pathogens: Neoscytalidium dimidiatum and Aspergillus flavus
Authors: Padhi Somanath , Uppin Shantveet G , Uppin Megha S , Umabala P , Challa Sundaram , Laxmi V , Prasad VBN 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground  Mycetoma is a chronic suppurative and/or granulomatous inflammatory lesion of skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia, and tendons caused by the traumatic inoculation of either fungal (eumycotic) or bacterial (actinomycotic) organisms present in the soil. The disease is characterized by triad of tumefaction, discharging sinuses, and grains.Material and methods  Thirteen new cases of biopsy proven mycetomas were analyzed, retrospectively, from January 2000 to October 2009. Clinical parameters, bone involvement, microbiological properties, and histopathological features were evaluated. Categorization into eumycotic or actinomycotic was based upon features on hematoxylin and eosin stained sections with special stains. Therapeutic outcome was presented wherever available.Results  There were eight actinomycetomas and five eumycetoma cases including 11 men and two women. Foot and lower extremities were the most common site of involvement (9 of 13, 69%). Culture results were available in 8 of 13 cases (61.5%). Madurella mycetomatis, Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, and Aspergillus flavus were the isolates among eumycetomas whereas Acinomadura madurae, Actinomadura pelletieri, and Nocardia species were the isolates among actinomycetomas. Two cases had underlying bone involvement. On follow‐up, four of five eumycetoma cases showed partial improvement following surgery and antifungal therapy, one had amputation of the lower leg. Of the actinomycetomas, six of eight had dramatic improvement following sulfamethoxazole‐trimethoprim based therapy, one had complete cure, and one was lost to follow‐up.Conclusion  Strong clinical suspicion, exact categorization of lesion into eumycotic or actinomycotic along with culture correlation, is essential for prognosis and effective therapy.
Plasma adiponectin concentration and left ventricular hypertrophy in kidney transplant patients
Authors: Adamczak Marcin , Błach Anna , Kolonko Aureliusz , Szotowska Magdalena , Chudek Jerzy , Franek Edward , Więcek Andrzej 
Published: October 2010

Adamczak M, Błach A, Kolonko A, Szotowska M, Chudek J, Franek E, Więcek A. Plasma adiponectin concentration and left ventricular hypertrophy in kidney transplant patients. Clin Transplant 2011: 25: 561–568. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Background:  Low plasma adiponectin concentration is associated with more frequent occurrence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and more exaggerated intima‐media thickness of common carotid artery (IMT). IMT is an early surrogate marker of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to assess the relationship between plasma adiponectin concentration and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and IMT in kidney transplant patients (KTP).Methods:  In 88 adult KTP, plasma adiponectin concentration, LVMI, and IMT were estimated. LVH was defined as LVMI >110 or >125 g/m2 for females and males, respectively. Data presented are means and 95% CI.Results:  Plasma adiponectin concentration was similar in KTP with (n = 42) or without LVH (n = 46) (13.5 [11.4–15.6] vs. 13.1 [11.6–14.6] μg/mL, respectively), as well as in KTP subgroups divided according to the IMT value tertiles (p = 0.42) (11.7 [10.0–13.3], 14.2 [11.7–16.6], and 14.0 [11.7–16.4] μg/mL in the lowest, middle, and highest tertiles, respectively). Plasma glucose concentrations were similar in KTPs with LVH or without LVH. No significant correlation was found between plasma adiponectin concentration and both LVMI (R = −0.02; p = 0.87) and IMT (R = 0.09; p = 0.38), respectively.Conclusion:  Results of this cross‐sectional study do not confirm the roles of low adiponectin and high glucose in the pathogenesis of LVH and atherosclerosis in KTP.
The relative risk of overall graft loss and acute rejection among African American renal transplant recipients is attenuated with advancing age
Authors: Schold Jesse D. , Srinivas Titte R. , Braun William E. , Shoskes Daniel A. , Nurko Saul , Poggio Emilio D. 
Published: October 2010

Schold JD, Srinivas TR, Braun WE, Shoskes DA, Nurko S, Poggio ED. The relative risk of overall graft loss and acute rejection among African American renal transplant recipients is attenuated with advancing age. Clin Transplant 2011: 25: 721–730. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract: Background:  Graft loss rates are elevated among African American (AA) kidney transplant recipients. This may be attributable to immunological responses, socioeconomic disparities, comorbid conditions and access to care, but it is unclear whether risks are uniform in the AA population.Methods:  We utilized multivariable models with the national SRTR database for adult recipients transplanted from 2000 to 2009 (n = 112 120) to investigate whether risks of graft loss, death and acute rejection between AAs and Caucasians vary with age.Results:  Relative to Caucasians, AA recipients had significantly higher risk of overall graft loss among patients aged 18–49 (AHR = 1.37, 95% CI 1.30–1.43) but comparable risk among patients aged >65 (AHR = 1.04, 95% CI 0.96–1.13). Among recipients aged 18–34, AAs had higher risk of acute rejection (AOR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.12–1.57) but similar likelihood among recipients aged >65 (AOR = 0.94, 95% CI 0.75–1.17). Differences between race groups, as well as the relatively higher risks among younger AAs, were most pronounced following one yr post‐transplantation and diminished with presence of other risk factors.Conclusions:  Elevated risks of overall graft loss and acute rejection are present among younger but not older AA kidney transplant recipients. These findings may have important implications for treatment decisions, follow‐up protocols and designation of “high‐risk” patients.
Genetic analysis of powdery mildew resistance in German winter wheat cultivar Cortez
Authors: Mohler V. , Bauer A. , Bauer C. , Flath K. , Schweizer G. , Hartl L. 
Published: October 2010

With 2 figures and 1 table AbstractFungal diseases of wheat, including powdery mildew (Pm), have caused significant crop, yield and quality losses throughout the world and continue to impact on production. Knowledge of the genetic basis of powdery mildew resistance of wheat cultivars will greatly support future efforts developing and cultivating resistant cultivars. Genetic studies were conducted on the German winter wheat cultivar ‘Cortez’ to identify genes involved in powdery mildew resistance at seedling and adult plant growth stages using doubled haploid (DH) population Atlantis/Cortez. Analysis of association between molecular markers and powdery mildew severity in selected genotypes indicated the involvement of two genes on chromosomes 1A and 7B in seedling resistance. The same gene on chromosome 1A was also found to be effective at adult plant stage. Quantitative trait loci analysis corroborated that the gene on chromosome 1A significantly contributed to field resistance in all five test environments and explained between 22.9% and 51.4% of the total phenotypic variation. The gene on chromosome 7B was identified as Pm5, whereas the gene on chromosome 1A potentially conditioning resistance was identified as Pm3e.
Cloning and functional characterization of genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis in the novel oilseed crop Lepidium campestre L.
Authors: Eriksson Dennis , Merker Arnulf 
Published: October 2010

With 1 Figure and 1 Table AbstractWe aim at domesticating the cruciferous Lepidium campestre L. as a novel oilseed crop. The potential to modify the fatty acid profile of the seed oil to obtain a suitable industrial oil quality is being explored. Using degenerate primers, two cDNAs corresponding to a putative FATTY ACID ELONGASE 1 (FAE1) and a putative microsomal FATTY ACID DESATURASE 2 (FAD2), respectively, were obtained from a L. campestre RACE‐ready cDNA library from developing fruits. The LcFAE1 cDNA contains a CDS (coding sequences) of 1521 nt and the LcFAD2 cDNA contains a CDS of 1152 nt. These L. campestre cDNAs both show high homology to other plant FAE1 and FAD2 genes. Functional complementation with the LcFAE1 and LcFAD2 in Arabidopsis thaliana fae1 and fad2 mutants, low in eicosenoic acid and linoleic acid, respectively, restores the wild‐type fatty acid profile of the seed oil. Thus, development of L. campestre cultivars with a modified seed oil quality through up‐ or down‐regulation of the cloned genes may be achieved provided that an efficient transformation protocol for this species is developed.
A molecular phylogenetic analysis of Bulinus (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) with conserved nuclear genes
Authors: Jørgensen Aslak , Madsen Henry , Nalugwa Allen , Nyakaana Silvester , Rollinson David , Stothard J. Russell , Kristensen Thomas K. 
Published: October 2010

Jørgensen, A., Madsen, H., Nalugwa, A., Nyakaana, S., Rollinson, D., Stothard, J. R. & Kristensen, T. K. A molecular phylogenetic analysis of Bulinus (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) with conserved nuclear genes. —Zoologica Scripta, 40, 126–136.Mutational saturation of inspected DNA loci and topological incongruence in the phylogenetic inferences have previously confounded attempts to resolve the evolutionary relationships within the freshwater snail genus Bulinus. Traditionally, the 37 species of Bulinus are placed within the four species groups and the evolutionary divergence between groups is substantial. With an intention to shed new light on species group relationships, the present study was designed to investigate the basal divergences in the phylogeny of Bulinus using highly conserved nuclear genes. The resolved phylogeny inferred that the four species groups of Bulinus were monophyletic and Shimodaira‐Hasegawa topology tests found them to be significantly supported. The Bulinus truncatus/tropicus species complex and Bulinus wrighti (Bulinus reticulatus group) formed a well‐supported sister‐group relationship. The Bulinus africanus species group was the sister‐group to the clade (Bulinus truncatus/tropicus + B. wrighti) with the Bulinus forskalii species group as the sister‐group to these taxa. The sister‐group relationship between Indoplanorbis and Bulinus was non‐significant and the basal clade support of Bulinus improved upon exclusion of Indoplanorbis. The finding of basal long branches of Bulinus species originating from Madagascar strongly suggests the presence of additional cryptic species and an evolutionary scenario influenced by this island’s geological vicariance from the African mainland. Speciation by polyploidy was inferred to have evolved within a clade in the Bulinus truncatus/tropicus species complex. Although the monophyletic status of each species group was firmly supported, it was difficult to establish species group concepts equally across the variations and place this precisely in a specific temporal framework.