bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of different skeletal classes on basis of angles of convexity
Authors: Negi Shaurya , Mittal Sanjay , Aggarwal Isha , Goyal Merry , Vishavkarma Pallavi 
Published: May 2024

The goal of this study was to determine whether it was possible to identify the underlying skeletal Class using a lateral (profile) photograph, as well as which reference points of the angle of convexity are most useful for doing so. Retrospective evaluation of 60 Orthodontic patients baseline profile photos and lateral cephalograms was performed. Based on the Wits values determined by radiographic analysis, the subjects were assigned to skeletal Classes. The Class I subjects were 20 patients (05 males, 15 females) with an average age of 13.3 ±1.42 years, the Class II subjects 20 patients (9 males, 11 females) with an average age of 13.85 ± 1.27 years, and the Class III subjects 20 patients (10 males, 10 females) with an average age of 13.60 ± 1.23 years. A'OrB '(=POrA '-POrA'), A'N'B ', and the angle of convexity with its variants (N'SnPog ', N'A'Pog', TrSnPog', TrA'Pog, Gl'SnPog', and Gl'A'Pog ') were measured. Highly Significant differences between Class II and Class III subjects were seen for all angles (P 0.001). Nearly all angles showed highly significant differences between Classes I and III (P 0.001), and A'N'B' showed significant differences (P 0.05). Only some angles showed significant (P &#62; 0.05) differences between Class I and Class II. It was simpler to distinguish between skeletal Classes I and III than between Classes I and II. The lack of distinction between Division I and Division II subclasses within the Class II subjects could be one of the causes.
Influence de la perlite sur le comportement mécanique, l’absorption capillaire et la conductivité thermique des mortiers
Authors: Belaribi Omar , Safer Omar , Belas Nadia , Belguesmia Khalil , Hadj Sadok Rachid 
Published: May 2024

Le sol algérien est riche en matériaux pouzzolaniques naturels, tels que la perlite naturelle, dans la région ouest plus précisément Hammam Boughrara à Maghnia (Tlemcen). Malheureusement, ils ne sont pas encore totalement exploités. La perlite, grâce à ses composants chimiques en l’occurrence la silice et l'alumine qui lui procurent des propriétés intéressantes, s’octroie le privilège d’être utilisée comme un ajout minéral actif dans la production du ciment. Cette étude contribue à apporter plus de données relatives à la valorisation de la perlite comme substitut partiel au ciment. Pour ce faire des mortiers contenant différents taux de perlite (0%, 10%, 15%, 20% et 25%) ont été confectionnés. Les comportements des cinq formulations à l’état frais (consistance, maniabilité et prise) et à l’état durci (absorption capillaire, propriétés thermo-physiques et résistances à la compression) ont été étudiés. Les résultats de l’étude expérimentale prouvent que la perlite de Maghnia influe positivement sur les propriétés des mortiers. La possibilité de l’employer à des dosages allant jusqu’à 25% dans le but de diminuer le taux du ciment implique un avantage économique et écologique. Par ailleurs, un comportement mécanique à compression satisfaisant à long terme pour un taux de perlite de 20%, a été noté. En outre, les mortiers composés de perlite présentent de faibles conductivités thermiques ce qui permet de mettre en évidence l’effet bénéfique de la perlite comme isolant thermique et l’intérêt de valoriser cet ajout.
МЕТОДИЧНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ФОРМУВАННЯ СТРАТЕГІЇ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ЗАЛІЗНИЧНОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ
Authors: Дикань В. Л. , Кузнецов Є. М. 
Published: May 2024

Дослідження ключових тенденцій розвитку транспортного сектору, зокрема залізничної галузі, дозволило встановити доцільність врахування чинників цифровізації та екологізації в діяльності суб’єктів даного сектору. Вивчено погляди науковців на питання сталого розвитку бізнес-суб’єктів, зокрема підприємств залізничного транспорту, і акцентовано увагу на доцільності формування стратегічних підходів до реалізації таких ініціатив. Сформовано методичний базис забезпечення процесів формування та реалізації стратегічних ініціатив сталого розвитку підприємств залізничного транспорту. Розкрито технологію формування та реалізації стратегії сталого розвитку підприємств залізничного транспорту, впровадження якої дозволить підвищити корпоративний, соціальний та екологічний імідж підприємств галузі, покращити інноваційну активність та інвестиційну привабливість, підвищити стійкість до зовнішніх коливань і конкурентоспроможність підприємств залізничного транспорту на ринку.
УПРАВЛІННЯ ЗАПАСАМИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ЗАЛІЗНИЧНОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ: ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ
Authors: Кірдіна О. Г. , Гурьєв О. О. , Гриценко Д. А. 
Published: May 2024

У статті відзначено, що пошкодження транспортної інфраструктури, скорочення обсягів роботи промислових та аграрних компаній, обмеження експортної реалізації їх продукції призвело до ситуації критичного скорочення обсягів перевезень залізничним транспортом. Доведено, що обмеженість фінансового забезпечення процесів оновлення та модернізації даних об’єктів, оптимізація витрат за рахунок скорочення інвестицій для підтримки їх в належному технічному стані і неналежно організована система управління матеріально-технічним забезпеченням діяльності підприємств залізничної галузі перешкоджає їх стабільній роботі і належному виконанню перевезень. Проаналізовано ефективність процесів управління матеріальнотехнічним забезпеченням, зокрема запасами, на підприємствах галузі. Доведено, що в умовах цифровізації доцільним є впровадження цифрових рішень на основі технології блокчейн для управління взаємовідносинами з постачальниками і укладення смартконтрактів, формування ефективної та прозорої бази даних обліку матеріальних ресурсів та технічних засобів, а також впровадження цифрових двійників складських приміщень для точного відображення інформації про надходження та переміщеннязапасів, їх місце розташування тощо.
ЦИФРОВА ІНФРАСТРУКТУРА: ФОРМУВАННЯ В ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОМУ СУСПІЛЬСТВІ
Authors: Українська Л. О. , Шифріна Н. І. 
Published: May 2024

Поняття цифрової інфраструктури є відносно новим і набуло поширення разом із розповсюдженням цифрових технологій та розширенням їх функцій у соціально-економічній системі. Поняття цифрової інфраструктури тісно пов'язане із поняттями інформаційної інфраструктури та інфраструктури інформаційних технологій або інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій. Останні, в свою чергу, пов'язані з поняттям інформаційного суспільства. Інфокомунікаційні технології та мережі модифікують соціальні взаємозв'язки, нові технології створюють нові спільноти, які переважно виникають та функціонують на мережевому принципі.Інфокомунікаційні мережі формують нові інструменти взаємодії. У статтіпроаналізовано вищеперелічені нові явища та ефекти.
Order Ideals on Lexicographic Direct Sum of Three Totally Ordered Abelian Groups
Authors: Gozali Sumanang Muhtar , Latifah Dian , Rosjanuardi Rizky , Albania Imam Nugraha 
Published: May 2024

Order ideals play an important role in the study of abstract algebra, especially in the study of ordered groups. In this paper, we focus on the study of order ideals in lexicographic direct sums of totally ordered Abelian groups. We begin by examining the order ideals in the group of integers , and the group of real numbers It is shown that there are no non-trivial order ideals in both groups. Next, we revisit the order ideals in the lexicographic direct sum of two totally ordered Abelian groups, The only non-trivial order ideal of is Furthermore, our study extends to the lexicographic direct sum of three totally ordered Abelian groups: and We investigate the non-trivial order ideals in these structures. It is stated that the non-trivial order ideals of are only and Furthermore, the non-trivial order ideals of are only and .Keywords: order ideal; lexicographic order; direct sum.
Strategies to Improve COVID-19 Vaccination in a Pregnant, Marginalized Population: Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Bakhai Smita , Jordan Jacquelyn , Stoll Jennifer A. 
Published: May 2024

Objectives. To improve COVID-19 vaccination rates in pregnant and recently pregnant women from a baseline rate of 30.8% to 60% over 6 months in a marginalized population. Methods. This quality improvement (QI) project was conducted in a federally qualified health center in Western New York between November 2021 and April 2022, using a Lean Six Sigma method. The QI team created a fishbone diagram, process flow map, and driver diagram. Significant barriers were multiple preferred languages, limited health literacy, and a knowledge gap. Increased vaccination rates were the outcome measure. The process measures were attendance at educational events and increased knowledge in community health workers (CHWs) and doulas. Education for CHWs and patients, creating multilingual educational resources, and motivational interviewing sessions for CHWs and patients were the major interventions. We performed data analysis by using weekly run charts and a statistical process control chart. Results. We achieved a sustainable increase in the COVID-19 vaccination rates in women from 30.0% to 48% within 6 months. Conclusions. Patient education in their preferred languages and at health literacy levels and CHWs’ engagement played a crucial role in achieving success. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(S4):S322–S329. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307665 )
Tackling Water and Public Health Problems through Participatory Theatre Methodologies: The Iheakpu-Awka Enugu State, Nigeria Example
Authors: Erojikwe Ikechukwu , Nnanna Ndubuisi , Cindy Anene Ezeugwu , Nnamele Vincent Uche , Eze Jonathan , Nwaozuzu Uche-chinemere , Umezinwa Richard , Komolafe Ayodele , Adukwu Emmanuel , Chigor Vincent 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Theatre has been identified as a powerful instrument of change for preventive medicine as a practical communication tool; various development agencies, United Nations bodies, and Aid groups have used theatre for development strategies to encourage communities to act and take responsibility for continued government insensitivity and irresponsibility in rural communities. This paper analyses the applied theatre methodologies through participatory research and action (PRA) and theatre for Development (TfD) strategies deployed in the Iheakpu-Awka community in the Igbo-Eze South Local Government Area, Enugu State, Nigeria, to address issues of health occasioned by a lack of water and poor health management facilities. The intervention is premised upon the bedrock of participation, considered the most critical factor for sustainable change and development. Anchored on health humanities and TfD as theoretical paradigms, the paper argues for communal dialogue and collective efforts toward the provision of safe potable water and medical care.
Association between initial serum total calcium and mortality in non-febrile and febrile patients who are critically ill: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Liu Zhiyong , Huang Li , Jiang Yuan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective To investigate the association between the initial serum total calcium and mortality in febrile and non-febrile patients among intensive care unit (ICU). Methods A retrospective cohort study with the data from the MIMIC-IV (v2.2) database. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality, and the design variable was initial serum total calcium. Results A total of 39701 patients were enrolled in this study, comprising 38129 survivors and 1572 non-survivors. There was a ‘U’-shaped curve relationship between initial serum total calcium and hospital mortality among non-febrile patients or febrile patients. In unadjusted analysis, hypercalcemia was significantly associated with hospital mortality (p = 0.000) in non-febrile patients and with ICU mortality (p = 0.007) in febrile patients, while no significant correlation between hypocalcemia and mortality was observed. In the logistic regression model, compared to normal serum calcium, hypercalcemia was associated with increased mortality among non-febrile patients (odds ratio (OR) = 1.904, 95% CI: 1.271–2.853, p = 0.002), whereas hypocalcemia does not exhibit a significant correlation. Neither hypercalcemia nor hypocalcemia was associated with increased mortality among febrile patients. Conclusion The presence of hypercalcemia in ICU patients, particularly those who are non-febrile, is significantly associated with increased mortality. Therefore, prompt treatment of hypercalcemia should be prioritized for non-febrile patients in ICU.
Comparative Study of Speed and Agility Among Elite and Amateur Vishakhapatnam Badminton Players
Authors: PRAKASH P SURYA , KUMAR REDDY SIVA 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This study compares speed and agility among top and amateur Vishakapatnam badminton players to provide thorough insights into the physical characteristics of the region's players. Speed and agility are important factors in badminton success, impacting players' ability to cover the court quickly and respond effectively to opponents' smashes. The sample of both elite and amateur players was tested, with mean speed and agility metrics taken for each group. The results show considerable differences in speed and agility between the two groups, with elite players outperforming amateurs. These findings can help to shape targeted training programs aimed at improving speed and agility among amateur players, potentially closing the performance gap between elite and amateur levels in Vishakapatnam badminton. Furthermore, this study sheds light on the physical traits that are common among badminton players in the region, contributing to a better knowledge of player characteristics and training requirements in the sport.
Novel 2D/3D Hybrid Organoid System for High-Throughput Drug Screening in iPSC Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Lewis Jordann , Yaseen Basil , Saraf Anita 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Human induced pluripotent stem cell cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) allow for high-throughput evaluation of cardiomyocyte (CM) physiology in health and disease. While multimodality testing provides a large breadth of information related to electrophysiology, contractility, and intracellular signaling in small populations of iPSC-CMs, current technologies for analyzing these parameters are expensive and resource-intensive. We sought to design a 2D/3D hybrid organoid system and harness optical imaging techniques to assess electromechanical properties, calcium dynamics, and signal propagation across CMs in a high-throughput manner. We validated our methods using a doxorubicin-based system, as the drug has well-characterized cardiotoxic, pro-arrhythmic effects. hiPSCs were differentiated into CMs, assembled into organoids, and thereafter treated with doxorubicin. The organoids were then replated to form a hybrid 2D/3D iPSC-CM construct where the 3D cardiac organoids acted as the source of electromechanical activity which propagated outwards into a 2D iPSC-CM sheet. The organoid recapitulated cardiac structure and connectivity, while 2D CMs facilitated analysis at an individual cellular level which recreated numerous doxorubicin-induced electrophysiologic and propagation abnormalities. Thus, we have developed a novel 2D/3D hybrid organoid model that employs an integrated optical analysis platform to provide a reliable high-throughput method for studying cardiotoxicity, providing valuable data on calcium, contractility, and signal propagation.
Neurobiological background of male sexual orientation
Authors: Lähteenvuo Markku , Räsänen Noora , Koskuvi Marja , Nieminen Mikko , Trontti Kalevi , Kauppinen Riitta , Tuhkala Antti , Keskitalo Salla , Rolova Taisia , Trokovic Ras , Varjosalo Markku , Lehtonen Šarka , Koistinaho Jari , Tiihonen Jari , Koistinaho Jari 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The causal factors related to human sexual orientation have remained largely unknown. In several countries, homosexuality has been considered as a degenerative cultural phenomenon and is prohibited under threat of death penalty. Homosexual individuals face discrimination and have substantially higher risk of suicide and mental disorders than heterosexual individuals. We studied the gene expression phenotype in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)- derived cortical neurons, corresponding to maturity at the late first/early second trimester, among Finnish homosexual men (N = 6), heterosexual men (N = 6), and heterosexual women (N = 5). Homosexual orientation was strongly linked to down-regulation of HHIP, GLI1, and several histone genes, and up-regulation of ZP3, FIRRE, miR-206, and miR-199a-5p. The findings were associated with DNA methylation and transcriptional repression, sonic hedgehog, and IL-33 signaling pathways. The miRNA expression pattern and proteomics results indicate enhanced neuronal differentiation in homosexual men. Because our iPSCs or neurons derived from them were not exposed to any hormones known to affect sex or sexual orientation, our findings indicate that sexual orientation may primarily be determined by neuronal development per se and associated with the differential expression of genes coding for histone modification, left-right asymmetry, extracellular matrix modulation and X chromosome inactivation. The results show that male homosexuality is a neurobiological phenotype determined already during pregnancy. Elucidating the causal mechanism of homosexuality may help to reduce stigma and discrimination against sexual minorities.
Glioma Cells Achieve Malignant Progression by Fusion with Macrophages to Gain High SLC7A5 Expression
Authors: yuedong hu , Li Mingxin , Liu Jinqiu , Yuan Guiqiang , Zhe Xianzhe , Liu Fusheng , Mi Ruifang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Glioma is the most prevalent primary tumor of the central nervous system (CNS) in adults, and its high proliferative and invasive capacities are typically associated with a poor prognosis. Cell fusions are a crucial phenomenon in both physiological and pathological processes. Within tumors, tumor cells can acquire diverse gene expression profiles and undergo malignant progression through fusion events with themselves or other somatic cells. This process leads to the emergence of stem cell characteristics, drug resistance properties, immune evasion abilities, and enhanced migration and invasion capacities. Macrophages (MФs) represent the predominant cell type within glioma immune microenvironments and are important partners for fusion events with glioma cells. However, the biological characteristics and underlying mechanisms of MФ-glioma fusion hybrids remain incompletely elucidated.
Results
We validated the presence of MФ-glioma double positive cells through analysis of glioma single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data and examination of glioma specimens. We successfully established the MФ-glioma cell fusion hybrid models in vitro. Subsequent propidium iodide (PI) staining combined with flow cytometry analysis revealed a significant increase in the chromosome content of hybrid cells. Research on the biological characteristics of MФ-glioma fusion hybrids has revealed their heightened proliferation and invasion capabilities. Further mechanistic investigations have elucidated that SLC7A5, a tumor-associated gene originating from parental MФs, orchestrates the augmented proliferative and invasive capabilities of hybrid cells via activation of the mTOR-RPS6 signaling pathway. Furthermore, the MФ-glioma fusion hybrids exhibited heightened sensitivity to a specific inhibitor of SLC7A5 (JPH203) compared to their parental cells.
Conclusion
Glioma cells achieve malignant progression by acquiring high expression of the tumor-associated gene SLC7A5 through fusion with MФs. This discovery provides a new perspective on the malignant biology of gliomas.
Social Vulnerability and Exposure to Private Well Water
Authors: Murphy Heather , Wamsley Miriam , Wilson Robin Taylor , Coker Eric , Henry Kevin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

One quarter of the population of Pennsylvania relies on private domestic well water: two-fold greater than the US average. Private well owners are responsible for the maintenance and treatment of their water supply. Targeted interventions are needed to support these well owners to ensure they have access to safe drinking water, free of contaminants. To develop appropriate interventions, an understanding of the characteristics and social vulnerability of communities with high well water use is needed. The purpose of this study was to determine the spatial patterning of social vulnerability in Pennsylvania and assess the association between social vulnerability and private domestic wells using profile regression. Census data and water supply information were used to estimate the proportion of the population using domestic wells. Ten area-level measures of social vulnerability at the census-tract level were investigated, using Bayesian profile regression to link clustering of social vulnerability profiles with prevalence of private domestic wells. Profile regression results indicated 15 distinct profiles of social vulnerability that differ significantly according to the area-level prevalence of domestic well use frequency. Out of these, two profiles of census tracts were identified as socially vulnerable and had a high proportion of well-water users. High area-level social vulnerability profiles coincide with a high frequency of private well-water use in PA. This study presents a data-driven approach to supporting public health programs aimed at reducing exposure and health risks of chemical and infectious agents in household water supplies by targeting vulnerable populations.
The verification of quantum non-local correlation in ΛΛ-system
Authors: Liao Guangrui , Ping Ronggang , Qiao Cong-Feng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The non-locality of quantum correlations is a fundamental feature of quantum theory. The Bell inequality serves as a benchmark for distinguishing between predictions made by quantum theory and local hidden variable theory (LHVT). Recent advancements in photon-entanglement experiments have addressed potential loopholes and have observed significant violations of variants of Bell inequality. However, these violations do not completely disprove LHVT. To further rule out LHVT, experiments involving massive-entangled particles are necessary, in addition to those conducted with massless photons, which interact electromagnetically. In this study, we utilize (10.087±0.044)×10^{9} J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. We present the first non-local correlation test of spin entanglement using a massive Λ -Λ bipartite system, which is formed and decays through strong and weak interactions, respectively. Through measurements of the angular distribution of p anti-p in J/ψ→ γηc and subsequent ηc→Λ(pπ-)-Λ(-pπ+) cascade decays, a significant violation of LHVT predictions is observed in a loophole-free test of a variant of the Bell inequality, which is given by the Clauser-Horne inequality. The exclusion of LHVT is determined to be significant at a level of 5.2σ.