bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Serum Albumin Concentration and Periodontal Condition in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Maruyama Takayuki , Yamanaka Reiko , Yokoi Aya , Ekuni Daisuke , Tomofuji Takaaki , Mizukawa Nobuyoshi , Onoda Tomoo , Eguchi Motoharu , Morita Manabu 
Published: December 2011

Background: Serum albumin concentration is known to be an independent predictor of survival in head and neck cancer. The previous studies suggested relationships between serum albumin concentration and oral health status in populations without serious systemic disorders. However, these relationships remain unclear in patients with head and neck cancer. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between serum albumin concentration and oral health status in patients with head and neck cancer.Methods: Fifty individuals diagnosed with primary head and neck cancer, 25 individuals with normal serum albumin concentration (≥3.85 g/dL), and 25 age‐ and sex‐matched individuals with lower serum albumin concentration (<3.85 g/dL) were analyzed. General status, including cancer stage, body mass index, drinking and smoking habits, and biochemical serum markers, were evaluated. Oral health status, including periodontal condition and occlusion tooth pairs, were also evaluated.Results: Mean clinical attachment level (CAL) and C‐reactive protein in the lower serum albumin concentration group were greater than those in the normal serum albumin concentration group (P = 0.009 and P = 0.002, respectively). However, there were no significant differences in any other oral and/or serum parameters between the two serum albumin groups. A logistic regression model showed that mean CAL was significantly associated with high or low levels of serum albumin concentration (odds ratio = 9.752; 95% confidence interval = 1.702 to 55.861; P = 0.011).Conclusions: This study suggests an association between periodontal disease and serum albumin concentration in patients with head and neck cancer. Longitudinal studies are necessary to examine the causal relationship between serum albumin concentration and periodontal condition.
Impact of Anxiety on Pain Perception Associated With Periodontal and Implant Surgery in a Private Practice
Authors: Fardal Øystein , McCulloch Christopher A. 
Published: December 2011

Background: There are limited data on pain perception after periodontal or implant surgery or how pain perception is affected by presurgical anxiety.Methods: Presurgical anxiety and surgical pain perceptions were measured by visual analog scale (VAS) scores and by interview of patients (N = 102) undergoing periodontal or implant therapy in a private periodontal specialty practice in Norway.Results: Patients reported that bad taste, receiving the local anesthetic, and excessive fluid in the mouth were the most uncomfortable experiences associated with periodontal or implant surgery. Analysis of identical responses to these questions showed that there was low intrapatient agreement for uncomfortable experiences (κ = 0.18), but there was reasonably good agreement for comfortable experiences (κ = 0.76). There were no significant differences between repeated VAS scores for pain perception (P = 0.91) or anxiety (P = 0.75) from two consecutive surgeries. There were no significant differences of VAS scores for perception of discomfort for periodontal surgery (9.9 ± 17.0) compared to implant surgery (16.7 ± 24.2; P >0.2). Presurgical anxiety scores were higher for implant surgery (45.5 ± 33.4) than for periodontal surgery (19.5 ± 28.1; P <0.01). Patients with high pretreatment anxiety scores reported that periodontal and implant surgery were more uncomfortable than patients with low anxiety scores (20.5 ± 25.6 versus 0.45 ± 1; P <0.001). VAS perception and anxiety scores did not change on first‐time through fourth‐time surgeries, but retreatment surgery patients recorded higher perception and anxiety VAS scores than patients undergoing surgery for the third or fourth time (P <0.01). Females recorded significantly higher anxiety scores than males (P = 0.04).Conclusion: For periodontal surgery and implant treatments pain perception is affected by the level of presurgical anxiety.
Editorial - Nanostructured Materials for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries
Authors: Chen Pu , Kan Xianwen 
Published: December 2011

Energy and environment are two most challenging issues
faced by our society today. With an ever increasing demand
for oil, depletion of renewable fuel source, and dramatic
climate change caused by CO2 emission, there is an urgent
need for alternative energy source that is not based on fossil
fuel. Consequently, wind, solar and wave generated energy
has become heavily pursued; but to work with the grid, these
forms of energy have to be stored and converted according to
the electricity demand and scheduling. Batteries, especially
rechargeable ones, are one of the primary energy storage and
conversion systems. Research in batteries has gained
tremendous speed recently, not only for large scale energy
storage but also for power demand in a variety of electronic
devices, such as cell phones, laptops, and all kinds of power
tools. It is necessary to develop renewable, low-cost, and
environmentally friendly energy conversion and storage
systems, to replace much of the existing technology.
Among many forms of batteries, the rechargeable lithium
battery has become favorite because of its features in high
energy density, long cycle life, and abuse-tolerant
characteristic. Still there is much to be learnt and to improve.
The performance of rechargeable lithium batteries strongly
depends on the structures and properties of battery materials
used, especially in their specific capacity, electrochemical
potential, energy and power density, and cyclability.
Structural improvements include size and shape modification
by employing various physical and chemical approaches. In
particular, nanostructured materials represent one of the most
promising as this approach can effectively contribute to a
decrease in the path length for lithium ion transport,
reduction in internal transfer resistance, and an increase in
surface area for electrochemical reactions. The design and
engineering of novel nanostructured materials for
rechargeable lithium batteries have become one of the most
sought after strategies for the battery research and
development. The objective of this special issue is to survey
the current research and development of rechargeable lithium
batteries and in particular, the materials used in preparing the
cathode and anode for enhanced battery performance.
Pathophysiology of Hereditary Angioedema
Authors: Zuraw Bruce L. , Christiansen Sandra C. 
Published: December 2011

Background Laryngeal angioedema may be associated with significant morbidity and even mortality. Because of the potential severity of attacks, both allergists and otolaryngologists must be knowledgeable about the recognition and treatment of laryngeal angioedema. This study describes the clinical characteristics and pathophysiology of bradykinin-mediated angioedema. Methods A literature review was conducted concerning the clinical characteristics and pathophysiology of types I and II hereditary angioedema (HAE), type III HAE, acquired C1 inhibitor (C1INH) deficiency, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor–associated angioedema. Results The diagnosis of type I/II HAE is relatively straightforward as long as the clinician maintains a high index of suspicion. Mutations in the SERPING1 gene result in decreased secretion of functional C1INH and episodic activation of plasma kallikrein and Hageman factor (FXII) of the plasma contact system with cleavage of high molecular weight kininogen and generation of bradykinin. In contrast, there are no unequivocal criteria for making a diagnosis of type III HAE, although a minority of these patients may have a mutation in the factor XII gene. Angioedema attacks and mediator of swelling in acquired C1INH deficiency are similar to those in type I or II HAE; however, it occurs on a sporadic basis because of excessive consumption of C1INH in patients who are middle aged or older. ACE inhibitor–associated angioedema should always be considered in any patient taking an ACE inhibitor who experiences angioedema. ACE is a kininase, which when inhibited is thought to result in increased bradykinin levels. Bradykinin acts on vascular endothelial cells to enhance vascular permeability. Conclusion Laryngeal swelling is not infrequently encountered in bradykinin-mediated angioedema. Novel therapies are becoming available that for the first time provide effective treatment for bradykinin-mediated angioedema. Because the characteristics and treatment of these angioedemas are quite distinct from each other and from histamine-mediated angioedema, it is crucial that the physician be able to recognize and distinguish these swelling disorders.
One-way Valve Bottle Contamination Rates in the Immediate Post–functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Period
Authors: Kofonow Jennifer M. , Bhuskute Aditi , Doghramji Laurel , Palmer James N. , Cohen Noam A. , Chiu Alexander G. 
Published: December 2011

Background Sinonasal saline irrigation has become an accepted practice in the immediate postoperative management of functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) patients. Recent studies have found that valveless delivery systems of sinonasal irrigation are colonized with bacteria. An alternative delivery system uses a one-way valve to reduce saline backflow and may limit bottle contamination. Our sole objective was to determine whether this system in post-FESS patients eliminates microbial bottle contamination. Methods Eight patients undergoing FESS were given one-way valve irrigation bottles to use immediately after surgery. Bottles were collected after 1 week of use and another set of bottles after an additional week. Endoscopic-directed cultures of the middle meatus were performed at the time of surgery. Returned used bottles were swabbed for bacteria and the valve system of the bottle was analyzed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the presence of bacteria. Results All sinus swabs collected at the time of surgery grew bacteria with Staphylococcus sp. present in all samples. After the 1st week of use, 5/8 bottles grew bacterial cultures and showed bacterial presence on the valves by SEM. After the 2nd week, 4/5 bottles had positive culture results and also showed bacterial presence on the valves by SEM. Conclusion Despite commercial claims that the use of valves and limit of backflow into the bottle will eliminate contamination, our study showed that one-way valve delivery systems become contaminated with bacteria after 1 week of use. We also showed that the bottle valves themselves harbor bacteria after 1 week of use.
Nasal Nitric Oxide and Nasal Eosinophils Decrease with Levocetirizine in Subjects with Perennial Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Bautista Angela P. , Eisenlohr Claudia P. , Lanz Miguel J. 
Published: December 2011

Background Allergic rhinitis is commonly treated with antihistamines. Monitoring improvement of airway inflammation noninvasively using nasal nitric oxide (nNO) would be clinically useful. To determine the anti-inflammatory effect of oral levocetirizine dihydrochloride (LC), we measured nNO and nasal eosinophils (nEos) in perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) subjects. Methods A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover design was used. Inclusion criteria consisted of subjects having a PAR history, exam and diary scores consistent with active symptoms, and positive skin testing. Subjects taking allergy medications 1 month before the study were not enrolled. After consenting, 31 subjects (24 female subjects; mean age, 29 years) were randomized to either oral LC (5 mg) or matching placebo for 2 weeks. After 2 week washout, subjects started the other 2-week treatment. At each visit, nNO was measured by aspiration at each nare using a nasal kit from NIOX (Aerocrine, Sweden) in parts per billion; nEos was collected from nasal smears and measured by microscopy using the scoring system (0–4+) and symptoms were self-reported using the allergic Rhinitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ). Daily allergy symptom scores (total symptom score [TSS] 4) were collected at each visit. Results During LC, mean baseline nNO was 807 ± 317 parts per billion (ppb; left) and 831 ± 332 ppb (right) and decreased significantly to 688 ± 266 ppb and 702 ± 286 ppb, respectively (p < 0.05). No significance was found during placebo treatment (778 ± 270 ppb, 808 ± 299 ppb to 802 ± 271 ppb, 813 ± 273 ppb). The mean nNO change was also significant compared with placebo (-125 ppb versus + 14 ppb; p < 0.05). There was a significant decrease in nEos with LC compared with placebo (3.1–2.5 versus 2.9–2.6; p < 0.05). RQLQ scores were significantly improved with LC only. In TSS-4 scoring, a trend toward improvement during LC and significant worsening during placebo was found. Baseline nNO predicted changes in nasal eosinophils (nEos) and RQLQ. Conclusion We showed that oral LC therapy decreased objective markers of rhinitis inflammation, nNO and nEos, in patients with PAR. Improvement in symptom scoring was also found with LC treatment.
Osteomeatal Complex Obstruction is not Associated with Adjacent Sinus Disease in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Polyps
Authors: Leung Randy M. , Kern Robert C. , Conley David B. , Tan Bruce K. , Chandra Rakesh K. 
Published: December 2011

Background It is universally accepted that osteomeatal complex (OMC) disease is linked to the subsequent development of chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNPs) via postobstructive mechanisms. The role of OMC obstruction in the pathogenesis of CRSwNPs is less clear. This study was designed to identify if there is an association between OMC obstruction and inflammation of the adjacent sinuses, when patients are stratified by polyp status. This is a follow-up and expanded series of a previous pilot study from our group. Method CT scans of 144 patients with CRSsNPs and 123 patients with CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs) were evaluated for each sinus and OMC. Patients had no previous surgeries for NPs. CT scans were obtained after a trial of maximal medical therapy. Results Increasing OMC involvement was associated with increasing Lund-Mackay score for both CRSsNPs and CRSwNPs. In CRSsNP patients, OMC status significantly correlated with adjacent sinus status (p < 0.0001). Meanwhile in CRSwNPs, OMC status does not correlate with adjacent sinus status (p = 0.328). Conclusion OMC obstruction in the setting of CRSwNP may be a barometer of the overall disease process, but in this scenario, paranasal sinus inflammation can not be classified as a postobstructive phenomenon. These findings question the role of minimally invasive procedures in the management of CRSwNPs.
Mitomycin C in Revision Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy: A Prospective Randomized Study
Authors: Penttilä Elina , Smirnov Grigori , Seppa Juha , Kaarniranta Kai , Tuomilehto Henri 
Published: December 2011

Background Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (EN-DCR) is an effective and safe procedure when treating saccal and postsaccal nasolacrimal duct obstruction. However, sometimes scarring of the rhinostomy site caused by fibrosis may occur, particularly in revision operations. The application of intraoperative mitomycin C (MMC), an antiproliferative agent, has been introduced as one possible technique to improve the outcome. We conducted a prospective, randomized study to evaluate if the use of MMC improves the success in endonasal revision DCR procedure. Methods Thirty revision EN-DCR procedures were performed during 2004–2010. The patients were randomized into two study groups, according to whether the intraoperative MMC was used or not. The technique of EN-DCR procedure in both groups was the same, but in the MMC group, at the end of the procedure a piece of tampon soaked in MMC (0.4 mg/mL) was placed into the rhinostoma for 5 minutes. No silicone stents were inserted. The surgical outcome at the 6-month follow-up visit was considered successful if the lacrimal sac irrigation succeeded and if the patients’ symptoms were relieved. Results The success rate after revision EN-DCR with MMC was 93% and without MMC was 60%. The overall success rate was 77%. The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.08). The relief of the symptoms between groups in both the Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction Symptom Score and ocular symptoms was statistically significant (p = 0.007 and p = 0.02, respectively). Conclusion The results of our study indicate that the application of intraoperative mitomycin C may improve the outcome in revision EN-DCR.
Identification and Treatment of Nontuberculous Mycobacterium Sinusitis
Authors: Suh Jeffrey D. , Ramakrishnan Vijay R. , Tajudeen Bobby , Reger Christine , Kennedy David W. , Chiu Alexander G. 
Published: December 2011

Background The purpose of this study was to identify the incidence of atypical Mycobacterium identified by routine sinus cultures and review the recent literature on management. Methods A retrospective case series was performed in a tertiary academic hospital. A retrospective case series of all patients treated with atypical Mycobacterium rhinosinusitis from 2005 to 2010 was performed. Cases were identified from a prospective database of 676 endoscopically guided sinus cultures. Results Eight patients with atypical Mycobacterium sinusitis were identified. There were five women and three men. Median age was 63 years (range, 55–71 years). All patients had prior endoscopic sinus surgery a median of 14 months (range, 0.8–162 months) before a positive culture result. Species identified included Mycobacterium chelonae, Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycobacterium abscessus, and Mycobacterium avium complex. Chief presenting symptoms were postnasal discharge (88%), followed by decreased smell and taste (63%), and facial pain/pressure (38%). Patients were treated based on sensitivity results with long-term oral antibiotics for at least 2 months based on improvements on endoscopy. Median follow-up for patients in this study after treatment was 1.3 years (range, 0.6–4.6 years). Conclusion In this study, atypical mycobacteria were identified in < 1% of sinus cultures. Prolonged, culture-directed antibiotic therapy remains the mainstay of treatment when there is clinical evidence of infection. Previous endoscopic sinus surgery may represent a risk factor for colonization and subsequent infection. Further research is necessary to determine the optimal treatment duration and management to prevent disease relapse
Triple Cartilage Combining Suture Technique in Rhinoplasty
Authors: Cingi Cemal , Songu Murat 
Published: December 2011

Background The nasal tip position and shape is critical to the overall view of the external nose and is significant in planning rhinoplasty procedures. This study was designed to review our experience in nasal tip surgery and to describe our own version of the suture technique in patients having endonasal rhinoplasty. Methods The technique is typically used in combination with other septorhinoplasty maneuvers to achieve the desired functional and cosmetic result. A telephone survey is designed aiming to give general information about the technique's outcomes. Results Our technique reduces excess columellar show and provides adjustable controlled nasal tip rotation and projection. The survey conducted among patients followed > 1 year revealed that most patients (84 of 96) were very to completely satisfied with the appearance and symmetry of their nose. Of these 84 patients, 48 were very satisfied and 36 were completely satisfied with the result. Two patients who required revision surgery were somewhat and moderately satisfied. Conclusion We present this technique to share our experience in modifying the widely accepted “tongue-in-groove” technique in septorhinoplasty. The figure eight-shaped suture, which avoids making the nose too stiff, is the main difference of our method.
The Histopathological Effect of Thymoquinone on Experimentally Induced Rhinosinusitis in Rats
Authors: Cingi Cemal , Eskiizmir Görkem , Burukoğlu Dilek , Erdoğmuş Nagehan , Ural Ahmet , Ünlü Halis 
Published: December 2011

Background Rhinosinusitis is a common disorder and its treatment includes a variety of topical and systemic drugs. This study was designed to determine the histopathological effect of thymoquinone on experimentally induced rhinosinusitis in rats. Methods Sixty rats were randomly allocated into 3 test and 2 control groups, each of which consisted of 12 animals. The rhinosinusitis model was induced using intranasal application of platelet-activating factor. In test groups, the animals were separated into groups: (1) rhinosinusitis-antibiotherapy, (2) rhinosinusitis-thymoquinone, (3) rhinosinusitis-combination therapy. The positive and negative control groups were defined: rhinosinusitis group without any treatment and the group without rhinosinusitis, respectively. The histopathological features (vascular congestion, inflammation, and epithelial injury) in nasal respiratory and olfactory mucosa of animals were examined and graded according to their severity. A quantitative and statistical analysis of histopathological features was performed. Results All histopathological features showed statistically significant differences between negative and positive control groups, respectively. Conversely, neither the group with rhinosinusitis-antibiotherapy nor the group with rhinosinusitis-thymoquinone had a statistically significant difference with the negative control group. Moreover, none of the histopathological features showed a statistically significant difference, when the group with rhinosinusitis-antibiotherapy and the group with rhinosinusitis-thymoquinone were compared. A statistically significant difference was not determined when the group with rhinosinusitis-combination therapy was compared with the group with rhinosinusitis-thymoquinone. The histopathological features did not show a statistically significant difference between the group with combination therapy and the negative control Conclusion Thymoquinone is a promising bioactive agent for the treatment of rhinosinusitis, and its histopathological effect is as equivalent as an antibiotic.
Acoustic Rhinometry: Impact of External Nasal Dilator on the Two First Notches of the Rhinogram
Authors: Nigro Carlos E. N. , Mion Olavo , Mello João Ferreira , Voegels Richard L. , Roithmann Renato 
Published: December 2011

Background Acoustic rhinometry is more accurate in the anterior portion of the nasal cavities, from the nostril to the nasal valve (NV), the most important site of nasal obstruction. Literature presents different opinions regarding the anatomical correlation of the two notches at the beginning of the rhinogram curve in normal adult white individuals. The aim of this study was to present new data for a better understanding of the anatomic correlation of these two notches. Methods This prospective study included 32 nasal cavities under the following conditions: (1) basal condition, (2) with external nasal dilator strip (ENDS), (3) after decongestion (0.05% oxymetazoline chloride applied as an aerosol spray), and (4) after decongestion with ENDS. Results No statistically significant variation was observed in the cross-sectional area of the first notch (CSA1) after decongestion. However, there was a statistically significant increase in the CSA2 after ENDS. Conclusion Analysis of the results suggested that the first notch of the rhinogram refers to the nostril and the second notch refers to the NV as a whole. This study was part of the clinical trial NCT01411969 registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov .