bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemiluminescence response induced by mesenteric ischaemia/reperfusion: effect of antioxidative compounds ex vivo
Authors: Nosáľová Viera , Sotníková Ružena , Drábiková Katarína , Fialová Silvia , Košťálová Daniela , Banášová Silvia , Navarová Jana 
Published: October 2010

Chemiluminescence response induced by mesenteric ischaemia/reperfusion: effect of antioxidative compoundsex vivoIschaemia and reperfusion (I/R) play an important role in human pathophysiology as they occur in many clinical conditions and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Interruption of blood supply rapidly damages metabolically active tissues. Restoration of blood flow after a period of ischaemia may further worsen cell injury due to an increased formation of free radicals. The aim of our work was to assess macroscopically the extent of intestinal pathological changes caused by mesenteric I/R, and to study free radical production by luminol enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) of ileal samples. In further experiments, the antioxidative activity of the drugs tested was evaluated spectrophotometrically by the use of the DPPH radical. We studied the potential protectiveex vivoeffect of the plant origin compound arbutin as well as of the pyridoindole stobadine and its derivative SMe1EC2. I/R induced pronounced haemorrhagic intestinal injury accompanied by increase of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAGA) activity. Compared to sham operated (control) rats, there was only a slight increase of CL response after I/R, probably in association with neutrophil increase, indicated by enhanced MPO activity. All compounds significantly reduced the peak values of CL responses of the ileal samplesex vivo, thus reducing the I/R induced increase of free radical production. The antioxidants studied showed a similar inhibitory effect on the CL response influenced by mesenteric I/R. If provedin vivo, these compounds would represent potentially useful therapeutic antioxidants.
Source and depositional processes of coarse-grained limestone event beds in Frasnian slope deposits (Kostomłoty-Mogiłki quarry, Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)
Authors: Vierek Aleksandra 
Published: October 2010

Source and depositional processes of coarse-grained limestone event beds in Frasnian slope deposits (Kostomłoty-Mogiłki quarry, Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)The Kostomłoty-Mogiłki succession is situated in the Kostomłoty transitional zone between the shallow-water Kielce stromatoporoid-coral platform and the deeper Łysogóry basin. In the Kostomłoty-Mogiłki quarry, the upper part of the Szydłówek Beds and Kostomłoty Beds are exposed. The Middle-Upper Frasnian Kostomłoty Beds are composed of shales, micritic and nodular limestones with abundant intercalations of detrital limestones. The dark shales and the micritic and nodular limestones record background sedimentation. The interbedded laminated and detrital limestones reflect high-energy deposition (= event beds). These event beds comprise laminated calcisiltites, fine-grained calcarenites, coarse-grained grain-supported calcirudites fabrics, and matrix-supported calcirudites. The material of these event beds was supplied by both erosion of the carbonate-platform margin and cannibalistic erosion of penecontemporaneous detrital limestones building the slope of this platform. Storms and the tectonic activity were likely the main causes of erosion. Combined and gravity flows were the transporting mechanisms involved in the reworking and redeposition.
A Rare Case of Severe Intoxication from Multiple Bee Stings with a Favorable Outcome
Authors: Iliev Yanko , Tufkova Stoilka , Prancheva Maria 
Published: October 2010

A Rare Case of Severe Intoxication from Multiple Bee Stings with a Favorable OutcomeA 73-year old female of no allergic diathesis was attacked by bees and stung all over her body accidentally sustaining more than 518 stings for a very short time. Severe acute poisoning developed from the bee venom, manifested by coma, rhabdomyolysis, toxic hepatitis, acute renal failure, gastric hemorrhage and anemia. Following an active treatment the patient recovered. Literature search shows this to be a rare case of survival after multiple bee stings.
Psychometric Properties of Activity, Self-Efficacy, and Quality-of-Life Measures in Individuals with Parkinson Disease
Authors: Dal Bello-Haas Vanina , Klassen Laura , Sheppard M. Suzanne , Metcalfe Amy 
Published: October 2010

Purpose: To examine the psychometric properties of six outcome measures in people with Parkinson disease (PD).Method: Twenty-four participants completed the following twice within 2 weeks: the timed up-and-go test (TUG), Northwestern University Disability Scale (NUDS), Schwab & England ADL Scale (S&E), Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale, PD Questionnaire—Short Form (PDQ 8), and Stanford Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease 6-Item Scale (SSE). Internal consistency, test–retest reliability (ICC[3,1]), and minimal detectable change (MDC) scores were calculated. Convergent and discriminant validity of the ABC were examined.Results: Cronbach's alpha scores for the NUDS, ABC, PDQ-8, and SSE were 0.47, 0.92, 0.72, and 0.91 respectively. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC[3,1]) for the TUG was 0.69 and could be improved by averaging two trials. ICCs for the NUDS, S&E, ABC, PDQ-8, and SSE were 0.56, 0.70, 0.79, 0.82, and 0.72 respectively. The ABC correlated with the TUG (r=−0.44, p=0.03) and with PDQ-8 (rs=0.51, p=0.01) and NUDS (rs=0.48, p=0.02) walking items. The ABC was able to discriminate between stages 1 and 3 of disease progression but not between stages 1 and 2, which suggests that the ABC can distinguish large differences in disease progression but cannot detect more subtle differences.Conclusions: Homogeneity of the ABC, PDQ-8, and SSE is good to excellent. Test–retest reliability scores of all measures except the NUDS are moderate to good. The ABC is a valid measure for use in PD. The MDC statistic may be useful for interpreting group score changes.
Geschichtsdeutung als Macht?
Authors: Pingel Falk 
Published: October 2010

Interpreting History as Power? Textbook Research Between the Scientific Logic of Cognition and Political Decision LogicDer Artikel hinterfragt das Verhältnis von Wissenschaft, Politik und
Pädagogik in Projekten der internationalen Schulbuchrevision. Am Beispiel der
deutsch-polnischen Schulbuchkommission, der Schulbuchrevision in Bosnien und
Herzegowina sowie von israelisch-palästinensischen Projektgruppen werden mögliche
Sequenzierung bzw. das Ineinandergreifen von Politik und Wissenschaft im
Beratungsprozess thematisiert und aus dieser Analyse Folgerungen für die das Design
zukünftiger Projekte und Forschungen entwickelt.
Hoxa9 Regulates Flt3 in Lymphohematopoietic Progenitors
Authors: Gwin Kimberly , Frank Elena , Bossou Ayoko , Medina Kay L. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
Early B cell factor (EBF) is a transcription factor essential for specification and commitment to the B cell fate. In this study, we show downregulation of a developmentally regulated cluster of hoxa genes, notably hoxa9, coincides with induction of EBF at the Pro-B cell stage of B cell differentiation. Analysis of the hematopoietic progenitor compartment in Hoxa9−/− mice revealed significantly reduced frequencies and expression levels of Flt3, a cytokine receptor important for lymphoid priming and the generation of B cell precursors (BCPs). We show that Hoxa9 directly regulates the flt3 gene. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis revealed binding of Hoxa9 to the flt3 promoter in a lymphoid progenitor cell line. Knockdown of Hoxa9 significantly reduced Flt3 transcription and expression. Conversely, forced expression of Hoxa9 increased Flt3 transcription and expression in a Pro-B cell line that expressed low levels of Flt3. Hoxa9 inversely correlated with ebf1 in ex vivo-isolated bone marrow progenitors and BCPs, suggesting that EBF might function to silence a Hoxa9 transcriptional program. Restoration of EBF function in an EBF−/− cell line induced B lineage gene expression but did not directly suppress hoxa9 transcription, revealing alternate mechanisms of Hoxa9 regulation in BCPs. These data provide new insight into Hoxa9 function and regulation during lymphoid and B cell development. Furthermore, they suggest that failure to upregulate Flt3 provides a molecular basis for the lymphoid/early B cell deficiencies in Hoxa9−/− mice.
Suppression of TNF-α and IL-1 Signaling Identifies a Mechanism of Homeostatic Regulation of Macrophages by IL-27
Authors: Kalliolias George D. , Gordon Rachael A. , Ivashkiv Lionel B. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIL-27 is a pleiotropic cytokine with both activating and inhibitory functions on innate and acquired immunity. IL-27 is expressed at sites of inflammation in cytokine-driven autoimmune/inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, and sarcoidosis. However, its role in modulating disease pathogenesis is still unknown. In this study, we found that IL-27 production is induced by TNF-α in human macrophages (Mϕ) and investigated the effects of IL-27 on the responses of primary human Mϕ to the endogenous inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1. In striking contrast to IL-27–mediated augmentation of TLR-induced cytokine production, we found that IL-27 suppressed Mϕ responses to TNF-α and IL-1β, thus identifying an anti-inflammatory function of IL-27. IL-27 blocked the proximal steps of TNF-α signaling by downregulating cell-surface expression of the signaling receptors p55 and p75. The mechanism of inhibition of IL-1 signaling was downregulation of the ligand-binding IL-1RI concomitant with increased expression of the receptor antagonist IL-1Ra and the decoy receptor IL-1RII. These findings provide a mechanism for suppressive effects of IL-27 on innate immune cells and suggest that IL-27 regulates inflammation by limiting activation of Mϕ by inflammatory cytokines while preserving initial steps in host defense by augmenting responses to microbial products.
Antigen-Specific Th9 Cells Exhibit Uniqueness in Their Kinetics of Cytokine Production and Short Retention at the Inflammatory Site
Authors: Tan Cuiyan , Aziz Mehak K. , Lovaas Jenna D. , Vistica Barbara P. , Shi Guangpu , Wawrousek Eric F. , Gery Igal 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
Recently reported lines of Th9 cells, producing IL-9 and IL-10, were generated by polarization with IL-4 and TGF-β and activation with Abs against CD3 and CD28. In this paper, we analyzed features of Th9 lines similarly polarized but activated by the “natural mode” (i.e., exposure of CD4 cells to their target Ag, hen egg lysozyme [HEL] and APCs). Main observations are the following: 1) both IL-9 and IL-10 were expressed by the line cells, but with strikingly different kinetics, with IL-9 being produced rapidly, reaching a peak on day 3 in culture and declining sharply thereafter, whereas IL-10 production increased gradually, resembling IL-4 and IL-17 production by their corresponding lineage cells; 2) reactivation of Th9, following expansion, triggered faster and higher production of both IL-9 and IL-10; 3) incubating Th9 cells in polarizing media specific for other phenotypes stimulated moderate levels of phenotype switching to Th1 or Th17 but a massive switching to Th2; 4) Th9 cells induced moderate inflammation in HEL-expressing recipient eyes but only when producing high levels of IL-9; and 5) IL-9–producing donor cells were detected in the blood of Th9 recipients but not in their inflamed eyes, suggesting that similar to findings in culture, exposure to HEL in these eyes arrested the IL-9 production in Th9 cells. Collectively, these data provide new information concerning Th9 cells and reveal their uniqueness, in particular with regard to the unusual production kinetics of IL-9 and the short retention of these cells in affected target tissues.
Induction of Cardiac Angiogenesis Requires Killer Cell Lectin-Like Receptor 1 and α4β7 Integrin Expression by NK Cells
Authors: Bouchentouf Manaf , Forner Kathy-Ann , Cuerquis Jessica , Michaud Véronique , Zheng Jiamin , Paradis Pierre , Schiffrin Ernesto L. , Galipeau Jacques 
Published: October 2010

AbstractRecent findings indicate that NK cells are involved in cardiac repair following myocardial infarction. The aim of this study is to investigate the role NK cells in infarct angiogenesis and cardiac remodeling. In normal C57BL/6 mice, myelomonocytic inflammatory cells invaded infarcted heart within 24 h followed by a lymphoid/NK cell infiltrate by day 6, accompanied by substantial expression of IL-2, TNF-α, and CCL2. In contrast, NOD SCID mice had virtually no lymphoid cells infiltrating the heart and did not upregulate IL-2 levels. In vitro and in vivo, IL-2–activated NK cells promoted TNF-α–stimulated endothelial cell proliferation, enhanced angiogenesis and reduced fibrosis within the infarcted myocardium. Adoptive transfer of IL-2–activated NK cells to NOD SCID mice improved post-myocardial infarction angiogenesis. RNA silencing technology and neutralizing Abs demonstrated that this process involved α4β7 integrin/VCAM-1 and killer cell lectin-like receptor 1/N-cadherin–specific binding. In this study, we show that IL-2–activated NK cells reduce myocardial collagen deposition along with an increase in neovascularization following acute cardiac ischemia through specific interaction with endothelial cells. These data define a potential role of activated NK cells in cardiac angiogenesis and open new perspectives for the treatment of ischemic diseases.
Cyclooxygenase-2 Enhances Antimicrobial Peptide Expression and Killing of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Bernard Jamie J. , Gallo Richard L. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides such as human β-defensins (hBDs) and cathelicidins are critical for protection against infection and can be induced by activation of TLRs, a pathway that also activates cyclooxygenase(Cox)-2 expression. We hypothesized that Cox-2 is induced by TLR activation and is necessary for optimal AMP production, and that inhibitors of Cox-2 may therefore inhibit antimicrobial action. Normal human keratinocytes (NHEKs) stimulated with a TLR2/6 ligand, macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2, or a TLR3 ligand, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, increased Cox-2 mRNA and protein and increased PGE2, a product of Cox-2. Treatment with a Cox-2 selective inhibitor (SC-58125) or Cox-2 small interfering RNA attenuated hBD2 and hBD3 production in NHEKs when stimulated with macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, or UVB (15 mJ/cm2), but it did not attenuate vitamin D3-induced cathelicidin. SC-58125 also inhibited TLR-dependent NF-κB activation. Conversely, treatment with Cox-derived prostanoids PGD2 or 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2 induced hBD3 or hBD2 and hBD3, respectively. The functional significance of these observations was seen in NHEKs that showed reduced anti-staphylococcal activity when treated with a Cox-2 inhibitor. These findings demonstrate a critical role for Cox-2 in hBD production and suggest that the use of Cox-2 inhibitors may adversely influence the risk for bacterial infection.
IL-13Rα2 Has a Protective Role in a Mouse Model of Cutaneous Inflammation
Authors: Sivaprasad Umasundari , Warrier Manoj R. , Gibson Aaron M. , Chen Weiguo , Tabata Yasuhiro , Bass Stacey A. , Rothenberg Marc E. , Khurana Hershey Gurjit K. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
IL-13 is expressed in lesions of atopic dermatitis (AD) and has been associated with increased disease severity. IL-13 has two cognate receptors: IL-13Rα1 and IL-13Rα2. Although IL-13Rα2 expression is known to be induced in response to IL-13 in keratinocytes, its function in AD has never been evaluated. We characterized the loss of skin barrier function and the development of cutaneous inflammation in IL-13Rα2–null versus wild-type BALB/c mice following an epicutaneous allergen-sensitization/challenge model that shares similarities with human AD. Mice lacking IL-13Rα2 had significantly increased transepidermal water loss, cutaneous inflammation, peripheral eosinophilia, and IgG1 and IgE levels compared with wild-type mice. The rate of resolution of the cutaneous inflammation was not significantly altered in the IL-13Rα2–null mice. IL-13 induced expression of IL-13Rα2 in keratinocyte cell lines and primary human keratinocytes. Depletion of IL-13Rα2 in a keratinocyte cell line resulted in increased STAT6 signaling in response to IL-13. In conclusion, IL-13Rα2 serves a protective role in the pathogenesis of allergic inflammation and loss of skin barrier function in a mouse model of AD, suggesting that it may be an important endogenous regulator of IL-13–induced cutaneous inflammation in humans.
Serum Antibodies Critically Affect Virus-Specific CD4+/CD8+ T Cell Balance during Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections
Authors: Kruijsen Debby , Bakkers Mark J. , van Uden Nathalie O. , Viveen Marco C. , van der Sluis Tetje C. , Kimpen Jan L. , Leusen Jeanette H. , Coenjaerts Frank E. , van Bleek Grada M. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
Following infection with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), reinfection in healthy individuals is common and presumably due to ineffective memory T cell responses. In peripheral blood of healthy adults, a higher CD4+/CD8+ memory T cell ratio was observed compared with the ratio of virus-specific effector CD4+/CD8+ T cells that we had found in earlier work during primary RSV infections. In mice, we show that an enhanced ratio of RSV-specific neutralizing to nonneutralizing Abs profoundly enhanced the CD4+ T cell response during RSV infection. Moreover, FcγRs and complement factor C1q contributed to this Ab-mediated enhancement. Therefore, the increase in CD4+ memory T cell response likely occurs through enhanced endosomal Ag processing dependent on FcγRs. The resulting shift in memory T cell response was likely amplified by suppressed T cell proliferation caused by RSV infection of APCs, a route important for Ag presentation via MHC class I molecules leading to CD8+ T cell activation. Decreasing memory CD8+ T cell numbers could explain the inadequate immunity during repeated RSV infections. Understanding this interplay of Ab-mediated CD4+ memory T cell response enhancement and infection mediated CD8+ memory T cell suppression is likely critical for development of effective RSV vaccines.
TCR Revision Generates Functional CD4+ T Cells
Authors: Hale J. Scott , Wubeshet Maramawit , Fink Pamela J. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
CD4+Vβ5+ peripheral T cells in C57BL/6 mice respond to encounter with a peripherally expressed endogenous superantigen by undergoing either deletion or TCR revision. In this latter process, cells lose surface Vβ5 expression and undergo RAG-dependent rearrangement of endogenous TCRβ genes, driving surface expression of novel TCRs. Although postrevision CD4+Vβ5−TCRβ+ T cells accumulate with age in Vβ5 transgenic mice and bear a diverse TCR Vβ repertoire, it is unknown whether they respond to homeostatic and antigenic stimuli and thus may benefit the host. We demonstrate in this study that postrevision cells are functional. These cells have a high rate of steady-state homeostatic proliferation in situ, and they undergo extensive MHC class II-dependent lymphopenia-induced proliferation. Importantly, postrevision cells do not proliferate in response to the tolerizing superantigen, implicating TCR revision as a mechanism of tolerance induction and demonstrating that TCR-dependent activation of postrevision cells is not driven by the transgene-encoded receptor. Postrevision cells proliferate extensively to commensal bacterial Ags and can generate I-Ab–restricted responses to Ag by producing IFN-γ following Listeria monocytogenes challenge. These data show that rescued postrevision T cells are responsive to homeostatic signals and recognize self- and foreign peptides in the context of self-MHC and are thus useful to the host.
Calcifi ed epidural hematoma in pediatric age group: A report of two cases
Authors: Trivedi A , Hiran S 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACTThe authors present a rare case of calcified (ossified) chronic epidural hematoma developed in a six-and-a-half-yearold female patient who was operated for cerebellar astrocytoma 6 months earlier. There was no history of trauma. Ossified epidural hematoma was seen as an incidental finding in the follow-up in computed tomography scan after 6 months of primary glioma surgery. Ossified chronic epidural hematoma with thick collagenous wall and newly formed bone on dura was excised. The development of calcified chronic subdural hematoma after decompressive intracranial surgery is a well-known occurrence, but the fact that a calcifi ed epidural hematoma, which is rare and which can also develop after decompressive surgery, and the occurrence of calcified (ossified) epidural hematoma after postfossa a glioma surgery is not yet reported. The second case is a 9-year-old male anemic child with a history of fall while playing 5 months earlier who presented with headache of 3 months duration. He had bifrontal calcifi ed epidural hematoma operated by craniotomy and excision of calcifi ed dural edge.
Zidovudine-induced myopathy: A study in Indian patients
Authors: Sagar Amitabh , Mohanty Ambika P , Bahal Ashish 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACT
Context: Literature is replete with studies on zidovudine-induced myopathy after prolonged use (use beyond 270 days on an average). However, all these studies have been done on patients of Caucasian, American and African ethnic origin. No such study has been carried out in Indian patients to our knowledge. Aims: To determine the correlation of zidovudine usage with serum creatine phosphokinase (CK) levels, clinical muscular weakness and muscle histology in Indian patients, we studied 147 physically active, Human Immunodefi ciency Virus infected men on prolonged zidovudine-based antiretroviral therapy (ART). Settings and Design: Cross-sectional study on hospital follow-up patients of HIV infection. Materials and Methods: All cases on ART who reported to our canter during a period of 18 months were evaluated for symptoms (muscle fatigue, myalgia), objective muscle strength (testing clinically) and serum CK levels, and a select group was evaluated by muscle biopsy. These patients were on zidovudine for 1 to 7 years. Results: None of the patients studied had signifi cant symptoms or objective muscle weakness and only a small fraction (10.8% of cases) had marginally raised serum CK levels. All muscle biopsies were normal on light microscopy. Conclusions: Zidovudine myopathy may be a constraint for use of the drug in the western population; however, it is a well-tolerated drug as regards myopathy in our study on Indian patients.
Post chicken pox neurological sequelae: Three distinct presentations
Authors: Paul Rudrajit , Singhania Pankaj , Hashmi MA , Bandyopadhyay Ramtanu , Banerjee Amit Kumar 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACTVaricella zoster infection is known to cause neurological involvement. The infection is usually self-limiting and resolves without sequelae. We present a series of three cases with neurological presentations following chicken pox infection. The first case is a case of meningitis, cerebellitis and polyradiculopathy, the second is a florid case of acute infective demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (Guillian-Barré syndrome) in a middle-aged female and the third case is a young man in whom we diagnosed acute transverse myelitis. All these cases presented with distinct neurological diagnoses and the etiology was established on the basis of history and serological tests confirmatory for chicken pox. The cases responded differently to treatment and the patients were left with minimum disability.