bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemoprevention with Aqueous Extract of Butea monosperma flowers results in normalization of nuclear morphometry and inhibition of a proliferation marker in liver tumors
Authors: Mathan G. , Fatima G. , Saxena A. K. , Chandan B. K. , Jaggi B. S. , Gupta B. D. , Qazi G. N. , Balasundaram C. , Anand Rajan K. D. , Kumar V. L. , Kumar V. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractButea monosperma (Lam.) (family: Fabaceae) popularly known as ‘Palas’ or ‘fire of forest’ has been used traditionally as a hepatoprotective agent. This study evaluated the hepatoprotective and antitumorigenic properties of the aqueous extract and butanol fractions of B. monosperma flowers in animal models. Dried flowers of B. monosperma were extracted with water and fractionated further using n‐butanol. The hepatoprotective activity of the aqueous extract was initially confirmed in a carbon tetrachloride‐induced liver damage model of rats. Oral administration of the aqueous extract produced a strong hepatoprotective effect similar to silymarin and normalized the serum levels of ALT, AST, bilirubin and triglyceride in rats. However, it did not affect the levels of glutathione and malondialdehyde which are oxidative stress markers in liver. Intraperitoneal administration of the aqueous extract in the X15‐myc oncomice not only maintained liver architecture and nuclear morphometry but also down‐regulated the serum VEGF levels. Immunohistochemical staining of liver sections with anti‐Ribosomal protein S27a antibody showed post‐treatment abolition of this proliferation marker from the tumor tissue. The butanol fractions, however, did not show antitumorigenic activity. Thus, the aqueous extract of B. monosperma flowers is not only hepatoprotective but also antitumorigenic by preserving the nuclear morphometry of the liver. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Anomalies postnatales du développement de la spermatogenèse associées aux troubles de la migration testiculaire
Authors: Mieusset R. 
Published: July 2010

RésuméLa cryptorchidie, testicule non descendu dans sa position normale intrascrotale, est l’une des anomalies congénitales les plus fréquentes du système génital masculin. Le mécanisme de cette migration est un processus complexe encore mal connu. Plusieurs hypothèses étiologiques ont été avancées pour tenter d’expliquer la survenue de la cryptorchidie. L’existence d’une anomalie de la descente testiculaire, même traitée dans l’enfance, est un facteur de risque de cancer du testicule. Mais elle peut aussi se traduire à l’âge adulte par des anomalies des paramètres spermatiques et une atteinte de la fertilité. Dans la présente revue sont rassemblées les données concernant les anomalies du développement postnatal de la spermatogenèse observées en cas de troubles isolés de la migration du testicule et leurs conséquences à l’âge adulte sur les paramètres de la fertilité.
Estimating Herd Prevalence on the Basis of Aggregate Testing of Animals
Authors: Faes Christel , Aerts Marc , Litière Saskia , Méroc Estelle , Van der Stede Yves , Mintiens Koen 
Published: July 2010

SummaryIt is common practice that some or all animals in a group of animals, e.g. a herd, are tested for their health status by using a diagnostic test to investigate whether the herd is infected by a disease. Several obstacles complicate the estimation of herd prevalence on the basis of test results of the animals. First, diagnostic tests are often imperfect, resulting in a misclassification of the animal’s disease status. It is well known how to correct the animal’s apparent prevalence by using the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the animal test, but the effects on herd prevalence are less clear. Second, in practice, a herd is often defined as positive when at least one sampled animal tested positively. This definition is ambiguous and is also different from the herd prevalence that is based on having at least one diseased animal in the herd. The paper provides a discussion of these aspects and proposes a method to estimate the true herd prevalence on the basis of the health status of (all or a sample of) animals within a herd corrected for the sensitivity and specificity of the individual test, the number of animals that are tested in the herd and the uncertainty of the diagnostic test characteristics.
Comparison of tretinoin 0.05% cream and 3% alcohol‐based salicylic acid preparation in the treatment of acne vulgaris
Authors: Babayeva L , Akarsu S , Fetil E , Güneş AT 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackground No single effective topical treatment is available for treating all pathogenic factors causing acne vulgaris (AV). Salicylic acid (SA), tretinoin (all‐TRA) and clindamycin phosphate (CDP) are known to to be effective agents depending on their comedolytic and anti‐inflammatory properties.Objective To compare the efficacy and tolerability of SA and CDP combination (SA + CDP) with all‐TRA and CDP (all‐TRA + CDP) in patients with mild to moderate facial AV.Methods Forty‐six patients aged between 18 and 35 years were enrolled in a 12‐week prospective, single‐blind, randomized and comparative clinical study. Efficacy was assessed by lesion counts, global improvement, quality of life index and measurement of skin barrier functions. Local side effects were also evaluated.Results Both combinations were effective in reducing total lesion (TL), inflammatory lesion (IL) and non‐inflammatory lesion (NIL) counts and showed significant global improvement as evaluated by the investigator. At the end of the study, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of all lesion counts. In addition, TL counts decreased faster in the all‐TRA + CDP group compared with those in the SA + CDP group, with a significant difference between the two groups occurring as early as 2 weeks. Safety evaluations demonstrated that the incidence of mild to moderate side effects generally peaked at week 2 and declined gradually thereafter. Both combinations did not have an effect on stratum corneum hydration, although skin sebum values decreased with SA + CDP treatment.Conclusions Combination of SA + CDP and all‐TRA + CDP was effective in decreasing lesion counts and well tolerated with minimal local cutaneous reactions in patients with mild to moderate AV.
BONE-CEMENT INTERFACE STRENGTH IN DISTAL RADII USING TWO MEDULLARY CANAL PREPARATION TECHNIQUES: CARBON DIOXIDE JET CLEANING VERSUS SYRINGED SALINE
Authors: Ravenscroft M. J. , Charalambous C. P. , Mills S. P. , Woodruff M. J. , Stanley J. K. 
Published: July 2010

Purpose: Loosening is an important cause of failure of upper limb arthroplasty and improvement in cementation techniques may limit this. The currently accepted medullary canal preparation techniques use saline washing and gauze drying. Another method of bone preparation uses carbon dioxide compression gas jet which blows debris from the canal, whilst simultaneously drying the bone. We compared the push out strengths of cement plugs in sections of human cadaveric radii that had been prepared using either syringed saline or carbon dioxide jet cleaning. Methods: Following bone preparation, four radii in each group, were cemented in a standardised fashion, and cut into 1 cm sections. An Instron materials testing machine was used to measure the force needed to push the cement plug out of the bone section. Results: The force needed to push out the cement plug was significantly higher in the carbon dioxide jet (median 580.61, IQR 429.10–650.05) as compared to the saline group (median 366.57N, IQR 271.05–502.23), P = 0.009. The mechanism of failure of the bone-cement interface also differed between the two groups, with 100% of the sectioned cortices fracturing prior to cement extrusion in the carbon dioxide jet group, but only 23% of the sectioned cortices doing so in the saline group. Conclusion: Our results suggest that there is a statistically stronger macro-interlock at the bone-cement interface after preparation of the medullary canals of radii using a carbon dioxide compression gas jet as compared to saline irrigation.
Occupational Trichloroethylene Exposure and Renal Carcinoma Risk: Evidence of Genetic Susceptibility by Reductive Metabolism Gene Variants
Authors: Moore Lee E. , Boffetta Paolo , Karami Sara , Brennan Paul , Stewart Patricia S. , Hung Rayjean , Zaridze David , Matveev Vsevolod , Janout Vladimir , Kollarova Helena , Bencko Vladimir , Navratilova Marie , Szeszenia-Dabrowska Neonila , Mates Dana , Gromiec Jan , Holcatova Ivana , Merino Maria , Chanock Stephen , Chow Wong-Ho , Rothman Nathaniel 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a suspected renal carcinogen. TCE-associated renal genotoxicity occurs predominantly through glutathione S-transferase (GST) conjugation and bioactivation by renal cysteine β-lyase (CCBL1). We conducted a case-control study in Central Europe (1,097 cases and 1,476 controls) specifically designed to assess risk associated with occupational exposure to TCE through analysis of detailed job histories. All jobs were coded for organic/chlorinated solvent and TCE exposure (ever/never) as well as the frequency and intensity of exposure based on detailed occupational questionnaires, specialized questionnaires, and expert assessments. Increased risk was observed among subjects ever TCE exposed [odds ratio (OR) = 1.63; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.04–2.54]. Exposure-response trends were observed among subjects above and below the median exposure [average intensity (OR = 1.38; 95% CI, 0.81–2.35; OR = 2.34; 95% CI, 1.05–5.21; Ptrend = 0.02)]. A significant association was found among TCE-exposed subjects with at least one intact GSTT1 allele (active genotype; OR = 1.88; 95% CI, 1.06–3.33) but not among subjects with two deleted alleles (null genotype; OR = 0.93; 95% CI, 0.35–2.44; Pinteraction = 0.18). Similar associations for all exposure metrics including average intensity were observed among GSTT1-active subjects (OR = 1.56; 95% CI, 0.79–3.10; OR = 2.77; 95% CI, 1.01–7.58; Ptrend = 0.02) but not among GSTT1 nulls (OR = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.24-2.72; OR = 1.16; 95% CI, 0.27–5.04; Ptrend = 1.00; Pinteraction = 0.34). Further evidence of heterogeneity was seen among TCE-exposed subjects with ≥1 minor allele of several CCBL1-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms: rs2293968, rs2280841, rs2259043, and rs941960. These findings provide the strongest evidence to date that TCE exposure is associated with increased renal cancer risk, particularly among individuals carrying polymorphisms in genes that are important in the reductive metabolism of this chemical, and provides biological plausibility of the association in humans. Cancer Res; 70(16); 6527–36. ©2010 AACR.
Toward a New Political Economy for the U.S
Authors: Baiman Ron 
Published: July 2010

The U.S. economy faces a fundamental structural and institutional crisis that requires major changes in economic policy and far reaching programs including: a) a federally funded permanent living wage jobs program mostly funded through transactions taxes on finance; b) emergency measures to cap and gradually reduce the U.S. trade deficit; c) a transparent and coherent “industrial policy” to increase high value added, competitive manufacturing exports. The goal should be to support “non-predatory” trade and industrial policies that move the U.S. and world economies toward sustainable and balanced trade and development. JEL classification: E00; L00; H00; F00; P00
Brazil in the Crisis of the Finance-Led Regime of Accumulation
Authors: Paulani Leda Maria 
Published: July 2010

Capitalism has undergone drastic transformations over the last thirty years. Among critics, theses about the financial nature of the process of accumulation have been prominent. One of these is the theory by French economist François Chesnais (1998, 2005) whose main proposition is that, as of the late 1970s, capitalism would be reproducing itself by means of an accumulation regime in which financial valorization prevails. In this article, I attempt to show that the current crisis is a crisis of this regime of accumulation, and to reflect upon the situation and prospects for Brazil in this context. JEL classification: B51; G01; E01
‘It’s this whole picture, this well-being’: patients’ understanding of ‘feeling well’ with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Sanderson T. , Morris M. , Calnan M. , Richards P. , Hewlett S. 
Published: July 2010

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the meaning of ‘feeling well’ for people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 23 RA patients, purposively sampled for medication type, disease duration, disease activity, age and gender. Data were analysed using Framework, emphasizing participants’ personal contexts. Results: Well-being was viewed as a broad concept, with ‘feeling well’ being the result of an on-going process to actively engage with a changing body, self and life. Four dimensions emerged: ‘Living in the body’, ‘Being in the mind’, ‘Adapting to illness’ and ‘Being in the world’. The physical impact of RA underpinned the global perception of well-being and was clearly described as linking to the experience of psychological well-being. Physical and psychological wellness was often affected by the individual’s adaptation to RA and personal context (e.g. home environment, broader social attitudes). Discussion: Well-being is a multidimensional concept that is meaningful to RA patients regardless of medication type and disease severity. Patients commonly illustrated a process of actively engaging in cognitive and behavioural adjustments to move towards wellness. Clinical practice and research must take account of the complexity of well-being in long-term conditions, in order to fulfil patients’ expectations.
Soil Moisture and Water Utilization in Iowa1
Authors: Shaw R. H. , Runkles J. R. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisAverage water loss per day by runoff, percolation and evapo‐transpiration was 0.04 to 0.05 in winter and 0.18 to 0.20 in. in summer from soil samples taken in Iowa between February 1954 and November 1955. There was little change in soil moisture content in winter; small gains in spring were greater in corn than meadow. Decrease in summer was greater under corn than meadow, amounting to 3 to 4 in. Normal rainfall increased soil moisture content 2 to 3 inches in late summer and fall.
Sterility in Pangolagrass (Digitaria decumbens Stent)1
Authors: Sheth Anilkumar A. , Yu Lillian , Edwardson John 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisPangolagrass is highly male‐sterile because lagging chromosomes produce unbalanced nuclei in the pollen. The grass is female‐sterile because meiosis fails to progress past the leptotene stage. Only one plant produced by a Pangolagrass seed has been observed, clonal material from this plant contains 27 somatic chromosomes.
Effect of the Pollen Parent on Oil Content of the Corn Kernel1
Authors: Curtis J. J. , Brunson A. M. , Hubbard J. E. , Earle F. R. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisThe oil content of the corn kernel is significantly influenced by both the seed parent and the pollen parent. Reciprocal crosses indicate a pronounced matroclinous tendency. The influence of the seed parent on composition of the endosperm is no more evident than in the germ in spite of its origin through triple fusion. Corn grown for studies of oil content should be produced by controlled pollination because of the considerable influence of the pollen parent.
Some Effects of Light Intensity, Temperature, and Soil Moisture on the Growth of Alfalfa, Red Clover and Birdsfoot Trefoil Seedlings1
Authors: Gist George R. , Mott G. O. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisThe growth response from increased light on alfalfa, red clover and birdsfoot trefoil seedlings in growth chambers was curvilinear for tops and linear for roots. Root growth was affected more than top growth by reduced light intensity. Increasing temperatures from 60° to 90° F. reduced seedling growth. Decreasing soil moisture reduced seedling growth correspondingly. Red clover was affected less by reduced light than alfalfa and birdsfoot trefoil. There was less growth of birdsfoot trefoil than the other two species.
Heaving in Forage Stands and in Bare Ground1
Authors: Decker A. M. , Ronningen T. S. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisThe amount of heaving during the winter and early spring was related to soil temperature changes as well as the uniformity and density of plant cover. Heaving damage to Ladino clover closely paralleled the upward movement of wooden dowels placed in the plot area. Other established forage species tested were not affected by this frost action.
Light, Soil Temperature, Soil Moisture and Alfalfa‐Red Clover Distribution Between Corn Rows of Various Spacings and Row Directions1
Authors: Larson W. E. , Willis W. O. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisAlfalfa‐red clover stands and growth frequently were poorer in a band at the south side of 80‐inch spaced east‐west planted corn rows than in the remainder of the interspace between the rows. Stands between north‐south corn rows were usually more uniform. The band of poor stand on the south side of east‐west rows coincided with a band of soil receiving near full sunlight throughout the day. This resulted in higher soil temperature and frequently lower soil moisture.
Fertility in Relation to Chromosome Constitution and Behavior in Bromus inermis Leyss1
Authors: Schertz K. F. , Murphy R. P. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisIn 60 clones of smooth bromegrass, 1.2 to 75.4% of the florets were fertile. Among 25 of these clones chromosome number deviated from 54 to 58. Clones with more regular somatic chromosome constitutions were more fertile than aneuploids and clones with fragment chromosomes. Percentage fertile florets was negatively correlated with irregularities at meiosis. Euploids and clones without fragment chromosomes were more regular at meiosis than were aneuploids and clones with fragments.
Sodium as a Partial Replacement of Potassium for Alfalfa1
Authors: Brown B. A. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisIn a 4‐year experiment, NaCl at either 120 or 240 pounds per acre annually did not improve the stands or increase the yields of alfalfa receiving very low to very high rates of KCl. The concentrations of Na in the above‐ground part of the alfalfa never exceeded 4 m.e. per 100 grams of dry matter.
Evaluation of Combining Ability in Dactylis Glomerata L. IV. Randomness of Pollination in Topcross and Polycross Nurseries1
Authors: Wassom C. E. , Kalton R. R. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisOf 21 F tests (variance ratios), only 1 was statistically significant, indicating randomness of pollination. For panicle number, 6 out of 9 variance ratios were significant.
Residue Particle Size as a Factor in Nitrate Release from Legume Tops and Roots1
Authors: Stickler F. C. , Frederick L. R. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisNitrate immobilization was generally less and nitrate release from leguminous residues was greater with large particles than with finely ground material. Variation in nitrate release was found due to species and plant part. Important treatment differences occurred early in decomposition.
Breeding for Resistance to the Wheat Stem Sawfly1
Authors: McNeal F. H. , Berg M. A. , Hanson W. D. , Luginbill P. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisStem solidness readings of F2 plants contribute slightly more information than do actual cutting percentages to the determination of sawfly cutting in the F3 generation. However, average genetic gains expected in the F3 progenies by selecting for stem solidness or percentage sawfly cutting in the F2 generation were negligible and erratic. The results suggest that selection for sawfly resistance in the F2 generation is of little value in breeding resistant varieties.
A Method for Determining Areas for Corn Varietal Recommendations1
Authors: McCain F. S. , Schultz E. F. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisFor purposes of corn varietal recommendations, Alabama has been arbitrarily divided into three regions. Susceptibility of varieties to damage from rice weevil was the primary basis for regional boundaries. An analysis of yield data by the method described herein indicates that minor shifts in test locations would result in two separate homogeneous regions. A third region, heterogeneous with respect to yield of varieties at different locations, should probably be divided into subregions.
Reaction of Medicago Species to Eight Alfalfa Pathogens1
Authors: Renfro B. L. , Sprague E. W. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisThe reactions of Medicago species to several alfalfa pathogens are reported. M. suffruticosa and M. dzawkhetica appeared to be the most promising species as sources of resistance to the black stem complex of fungi. Other perennial species contained plants resistant to one or more fungi. The host range within the genus Medicago was extended for 8 pathogens of alfalfa.
A Mathematical Procedure for Evaluating Relationships Between Climate and Wheat Yields1
Authors: Johnson Wendell C. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisTo estimate a frequency distribution of winter wheat yields from climatic data a yield‐estimating equation is desired satisfying the condition that the mean and variance of the estimated yields be the same as those of the actual yields used to derive the equation. Partial regression coefficients of this equation are obtained by dividing the corresponding coefficients of a multiple regression equation by the coefficient of multiple correlation, R.
Effect of Gibberellic Acid on Growth and Yield of Corn1
Authors: Cherry Joe , Lund H. A. , Earley E. B. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisGibberellic acid promoted the elongation of internodes but decreased the leaf area. Stover weight and grain yield were increased when gibberellic acid was applied near pollination. Early treatments at weekly intervals decreased grain yield. The yield of Hy2 ✕ O7 was affected more than that of Wf9 ✕ Ml4.
Cold Resistance in Three Varieties of Winter Wheat as Related to Nitrogen Fractions and Total Sugar1
Authors: Zech A. C. , Pauli A. W. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisWater‐soluble protein nitrogen and total sugars in leaves and crowns were associated with cold resistance in winter wheat. The degree of association varied between plant parts and among varieties. Soluble protein nitrogen seemed to be more closely related to cold hardiness than did total sugar.
Soybean Ecology. II. Development‐Temperature‐Moisture Relationships from Field Studies1
Authors: Brown D. M. , Chapman L. J. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisAverage rate of development per degree F. in the preflowering period was nearly the same as the rate on the previously derived development curve at the mean of the average temperatures encountered in the field. Lower rates than those on the development curve occurred in the postflowering period. Available moisture, as well as temperature, was correlated with development rate in the flowering period.
Evaluation of Sodium 2, 3‐Dichloroisobutyrate as a Selective Male Gametocide in Cotton1
Authors: Pate J. B. , Duncan E. N. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisFW‐450 at several treatment levels caused male and female sterility with no marked selectivity for either gamete. At one level, 1.02 pounds per acre, gametocidal selectivity for the male gamete was indicated. Natural crossing percentages were increased in a series of varieties by treatment with FW‐450. The results indicated that FW‐450 at the rates used in these experiments is not suitable for use as a selective male gametocide in commercial production of hybrid cottonseed.
Effect of Soil Moisture Regime on Root Distribution of Warm Season Forage Species1
Authors: Doss Basil D. , Ashley D. A. , Bennett O. L. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisEffective rooting depths of five warm season forage species decreasted as soil moisture increased. Root concentration of all species at each moisture regime decreased as depth increased. An average of 50% of the roots was in the upper 3 inches and 76% in the upper foot of soil.