bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pressure‐Induced Dense and Robust Ge Architecture for Superior Volumetric Lithium Storage
Authors: Han Meisheng , Liu Jie , Zheng Kunxiong , Deng Chengfang , Mu Yongbiao , Guo Jincong , Chu Youqi , Zou Zhiyu , Yu Fenghua , Li Wenjia , Wei Lei , Zeng Lin , Zhao Tianshou 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe germanium (Ge) anode attains wide attention in lithium‐ion batteries because of its high theoretical volumetric capacity (8646 mAh cm−3). However, the huge volume expansion (≈230%) results in its poor electrochemical performances. The strategies reported in the literature to solve the issue often cause a low packing density, lowering the volumetric capacity. Here, a pressure‐induced route is proposed to fabricate a Ge architecture, in which nano‐sized Ge (≈15 nm) is encapsulated by robust TiO2 and highly conductive carbon, which offer the advantages of a low stress–strain characteristic, low volume expansion in thickness change, high electrical conductivity (463.2 S m−1), high Li‐ion diffusion coefficient (9.55 × 10−9–8.51 × 10−12 cm2 s−1), and high tapping density (1.79 g cm−3). As a result, the dense architecture obtains outstanding volumetric capacities of 3559.8 mAh cm−3 at 0.1 A g−1 and 2628.2 mAh cm−3 at 20 A g−1, along with excellent cycling life over 5000 cycles at 10 A g−1. Remarkably, the full cell achieves a high volumetric energy density of 1760.1 Wh L−1, along with impressive fast‐charging performances and long cycling life. This work provides a new synthesis strategy and deep insight into the design of high‐volumetric capacity alloy‐based lithium‐ion‐battery anodes.
Triggering C‒N Coupling on Metal Oxide Nanocomposite for the Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 and NOx⁻ to Formamide
Authors: Ramadhany Putri , Trần‐Phú Thành , Yuwono Jodie A. , Ma Zhipeng , Han Chen , Nguyen Thi Kim Anh , Leverett Josh , Kumar Priyank , Hocking Rosalie K. , Tricoli Antonio , Simonov Alexandr N. , Amal Rose , Daiyan Rahman 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe co‐electroreduction of CO2 and NOx⁻ (NO3⁻/NO2⁻) to generate formamide (HCONH2) offers an opportunity for downstream chemical and polymer manufacturing decarbonization; however, significant challenges lie in the C‒N coupling and the associated low product selectivity. Herein, p‐block metal oxides are incorporated in copper oxides to provide more accessible active sites for reactant adsorption and activation, tuning the reaction selectivity toward the formamide production. Through in situ Raman and synchrotron‐based infrared spectroscopy measurements, C─N bond formation is demonstrated in real‐time with the CuOx/BiOx catalyst, where the C─N bond is detected via a *CHO and *NH2 intermediates formation, in agreement with the density functional theory calculations. When tested in a flow electrolyzer, a formamide yield rate of 134 ± 11 mmol h−1 gcat−1 is reported, the first report of co‐electroreduction of CO2 and NOx⁻ to formamide beyond conventional H‐cell measurements. These new insights on the C‒N coupling mechanisms and scale‐up capability provide directions for further development of electrocatalysts for the formamide production.
Economic freedom, the minimum wage, and food insecurity
Authors: Stansel Dean , Wu Fengyu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEconomic freedom, a measure of the degree of freedom from government intervention in the economy, has been found to be associated with many positive economic outcomes, such as lower unemployment rates, and higher growth of income, employment, and population. One area that remains unexplored is the relationship with food insecurity. Areas with more government intervention may be expected to have higher food insecurity because those interventions can create greater impediments to people's ability to prosper economically. One specific example of that is the minimum wage, which may make it harder for inexperienced low‐skilled workers to obtain employment. We provide the first state‐level examination of the relationship between food insecurity and economic freedom and find higher values of economic freedom (lower levels of intervention) are associated with lower food insecurity. We also examine one specific component of that economic freedom measure, the minimum wage, and find some limited evidence that higher minimum wages are associated with higher food insecurity.
Grey Matter Atrophy and its Relationship with White Matter Lesions in Patients with Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody‐associated Disease, Aquaporin‐4 Antibody‐Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder, and Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Cortese Rosa , Battaglini Marco , Prados Ferran , Gentile Giordano , Luchetti Ludovico , Bianchi Alessia , Haider Lukas , Jacob Anu , Palace Jacqueline , Messina Silvia , Paul Friedemann , Marignier Romain , Durand‐Dubief Françoise , de Medeiros Rimkus Carolina , Apostolos Pereira Samira Luisa , Sato Douglas Kazutoshi , Filippi Massimo , Rocca Maria Assunta , Cacciaguerra Laura , Rovira Àlex , Sastre‐Garriga Jaume , Arrambide Georgina , Liu Yaou , Duan Yunyun , Gasperini Claudio , Tortorella Carla , Ruggieri Serena , Amato Maria Pia , Ulivelli Monica , Groppa Sergiu , Grothe Matthias , Llufriu Sara , Sepulveda Maria , Lukas Carsten , Bellenberg Barbara , Schneider Ruth , Sowa Piotr , Celius Elisabeth G. , Pröbstel Anne‐Katrin , Granziera Cristina , Yaldizli Özgür , Müller Jannis , Stankoff Bruno , Bodini Benedetta , Barkhof Frederik , Ciccarelli Olga , De Stefano Nicola ,   for the MAGNIMS Study Group
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveTo evaluate: (1) the distribution of gray matter (GM) atrophy in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody‐associated disease (MOGAD), aquaporin‐4 antibody‐positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4+NMOSD), and relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS); and (2) the relationship between GM volumes and white matter lesions in various brain regions within each disease.MethodsA retrospective, multicenter analysis of magnetic resonance imaging data included patients with MOGAD/AQP4+NMOSD/RRMS in non‐acute disease stage. Voxel‐wise analyses and general linear models were used to evaluate the relevance of regional GM atrophy. For significant results (p < 0.05), volumes of atrophic areas are reported.ResultsWe studied 135 MOGAD patients, 135 AQP4+NMOSD, 175 RRMS, and 144 healthy controls (HC). Compared with HC, MOGAD showed lower GM volumes in the temporal lobes, deep GM, insula, and cingulate cortex (75.79 cm3); AQP4+NMOSD in the occipital cortex (32.83 cm3); and RRMS diffusely in the GM (260.61 cm3). MOGAD showed more pronounced temporal cortex atrophy than RRMS (6.71 cm3), whereas AQP4+NMOSD displayed greater occipital cortex atrophy than RRMS (19.82 cm3). RRMS demonstrated more pronounced deep GM atrophy in comparison with MOGAD (27.90 cm3) and AQP4+NMOSD (47.04 cm3). In MOGAD, higher periventricular and cortical/juxtacortical lesions were linked to reduced temporal cortex, deep GM, and insula volumes. In RRMS, the diffuse GM atrophy was associated with lesions in all locations. AQP4+NMOSD showed no lesion/GM volume correlation.InterpretationGM atrophy is more widespread in RRMS compared with the other two conditions. MOGAD primarily affects the temporal cortex, whereas AQP4+NMOSD mainly involves the occipital cortex. In MOGAD and RRMS, lesion‐related tract degeneration is associated with atrophy, but this link is absent in AQP4+NMOSD. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:276–288
Electrospun polyimide nanofiber‐based separators containing carboxyl groups for lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Song Tingyu , Min Yonggang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA lithium‐ion battery separator facilitates lithium‐ion transportation and prevents direct contact between the cathode and anode. Polyimide separators exhibited superior thermal stability and electrolyte wettability. In this study, carboxylated polyimide separators were prepared by electrospinning carboxyl group‐containing monomers. Polyimide separators were prepared with different content of carboxyl group‐containing monomer. Moreover, the thermal property, mechanical property, and electrochemical performance of separators were studied. The carboxylated polyimide separators exhibited lower interfacial resistance and higher ionic conductivity compared with polyimide separators. Moreover, the LiFePO4/Li half‐cell assembled using the carboxylated polyimide exhibited enhanced cycling stability and rate capability. Therefore, carboxylated polyimide separators with superior electrochemical performances are promising candidates for lithium‐ion batteries.
Transforming ghosts into ancestors: A call to action
Authors: Connolly Medria 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe psychological case for reparations offers a framework for understanding the emotional complexity inherent in the centuries‐long resistance to granting reparations to African Americans for its three hundred years of chattel slavery and its legacies—Jim Crow, redlining, mass incarceration, extrajudicial killings, and voter suppression. A central component of the resistance is moral injury, which Bryan Nichols and I maintain is the primary reason why the concept of reparations is so emotionally charged. The disavowal of the collective trauma for both the formerly enslaved and former slave owners creates moral wounds which show up as metaphorical ghosts that haunt US culture. Behavioral scientists who understand the complexity of both individual and large group dynamics are called upon to acknowledge and repair the intergenerational moral wounds of chattel slavery and assume leadership in the reparative process—to “transform ghosts into ancestors.”
Choice Repetition Bias in Intertemporal Choice: An Eye‐Tracking Study
Authors: Senftleben Ulrike , Schoemann Martin , Scherbaum Stefan 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTIntertemporal choices (i.e., the choice between a sooner available but smaller reward and a later available but larger reward) were initially thought to reflect stable preferences for immediate or delayed rewards. However, recently, it has been shown that intertemporal choices are influenced by factors such as context variables and attentional processes. Here, we investigate if another factor, the choice repetition bias, affects decision making and attentional processes in intertemporal choice. The choice repetition bias is characterized by the tendency to repeat previous choices and to be slower when switching to an alternative choice. In a series of two experiments (including a preregistered, eye‐tracking study), we find that the choice repetition bias exists in intertemporal choice. We also find tentative support for an early attentional bias towards the favored attribute dimension of the previous choice; however, this effect disappears when taking the whole decision process into account. This finding raises interesting questions about the cognitive processes underlying the choice repetition bias. In addition, we successfully replicate other attentional effects from the intertemporal choice literature (e.g., more fixations on monetary dimension, gaze cascade effect).
In vitro fertilization and pregnancy outcomes of women with X chromosome abnormality: A case series
Authors: Wang Ruohan , Zhang Linyu , Liao Jia , Ma Fang , Ma Qianhong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo describe and conclude the in vitro fertilization (IVF) results of patients with X chromosome abnormality.MethodsA retrospective case series was conducted. According to the number of normal X, patients were allocated into two groups: Group A (patients with only a normal X, while other X has any types of abnormalities) and Group B (patients have two or more normal X chromosomes). Clinical data, including basic information, fertility information, and IVF outcomes, were collected.ResultsFourteen patients with X chromosome abnormality were included, among which 13 patients underwent a total of 29 cycles. Patients in Group B had five successful pregnancies and three live births, while no patient in Group A had a clinical pregnancy. Furthermore, the blastocyst formation rate and incidence of pregnancy were significantly lower in Group A (Z = −3.135, p = .002; Z = −2.946, p = .003, respectively). When controlled covariates, the karyotype of one normal X was also a risk factor for both blastocyst formation rate and success pregnancy (β = .820, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.458–1.116, β = .333, 95% CI = 0.017–0.494, respectively).ConclusionsOur results revealed that women with only one normal X might suffer from worse IVF outcomes, mainly blastocyst formation rate, compared with those who had two or more normal X, including mosaic Turner syndrome and 47,XXX.
Electromagnetic field exposure monitoring of commercial 28‐GHz band 5G base stations in Tokyo, Japan
Authors: Liu Sen , Tobita Kazuhiro , Onishi Teruo , Taki Masao , Watanabe Soichi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFifth generation (5G) wireless communication is being rolled out around the world. In this work, the latest radio frequency electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure measurement results on commercial 28‐GHz band 5G base stations (BSs) deployed in the urban area of Tokyo, Japan, are presented. The measurements were conducted under realistic traffic conditions with a 5G smartphone and using both omnidirectional and horn antennas. First and foremost, in all cases, the electric‐field (E‐field) intensity is much lower (<−38 dB) than the exposure limits. The E‐field intensities for traffic‐off cases do not show any significant difference between the two antennas with the maximum being 3.6 dB. For traffic‐on cases, the omnidirectional antenna can undesirably capture the radio wave from the smartphone in some cases, resulting in a 7–13 dB higher E‐field intensity than that using the horn antenna. We also present comparative results between 4G long term evolution BSs and sub‐6‐GHz band and 28‐GHz band 5G BSs and provide recommendations on acquiring meaningful EMF exposure data. This work is a further step toward the standardization of the measurement method regarding quasi‐millimeter/millimeter wave 5G BSs.
Effect of mean platelet volume and platelet count on the prognosis of branch atheromatous disease
Authors: Liu Yinglin , Wu Kun , Xu Ronghua , He Lanying , Zheng Min , Wang Jian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive value of mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet count (PC) in branch atheromatous disease (BAD).MethodsThis retrospective study included 216 patients with BAD‐stroke within 48 h of symptom onset. These patients were divided into good and poor prognosis groups according to their 3‐month modified Rankin scale scores after discharge. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate independent predictors of poor prognosis in BAD‐stroke patients. Receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to estimate the predictive value of MPV and PC on BAD‐stroke.ResultsOur research showed that a higher MPV (aOR, 2.926; 95% CI, 2.040–4.196; p < .001) and PC (aOR, 1.013; 95% CI, 1.005–1.020; p = .001) were independently associated with poor prognosis after adjustment for confounders. The ROC analysis of MPV for predicting poor prognosis showed that the sensitivity and specificity were 74% and 84.9%, respectively, and that the AUC was .843 (95% CI, .776–.909, p < .001). The optimal cut‐off value was 12.35. The incidence of early neurological deterioration (END) was 24.5% (53 of 163), and 66% of patients in the poor prognosis group had END (33 of 50). Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that elevated MPV and PC were associated with the occurrence of END (p < .05).ConclusionOur results suggested that an elevated MPV and PC may be important in predicting a worse outcome in BAD‐stroke patients. Our study also demonstrated an independent association of MPV and PC with END, which is presumably the main reason for the poor prognosis.
Successful auto‐transplantation of a mandibular third molar: A case report on restoring esthetics and function in a 66‐year‐old patient
Authors: Aminsobhani Mohsen , Babaahmadi Maryam 
Published: May 2024

Key Clinical MessageThis article describes a successful case of auto‐transplantation of a mandibular third molar to replace a non‐restorable second molar, highlighting the efficacy of this procedure in restoring function with factors like asepsis, surgical technique, and postoperative care contributing to the success.AbstractThis case report describes successful auto‐transplantation of a mandibular third molar to replace a non‐restorable second molar in a 66‐year‐old patient. The procedure involved atraumatic extraction, repositioning, and stabilization of the donor tooth, followed by postoperative care and 1‐year follow‐up. The favorable outcome highlights the potential of mature third molar transplantation as an effective approach for replacement of missing or non‐restorable permanent molar teeth to restore esthetics and function. The success of the procedure was attributed to factors such as asepsis, atraumatic surgical technique, preservation of the periodontal ligament (PDL) vitality, minimal extraoral time, optimal occlusion, and adequate fixation. At the 1‐year follow‐up, the patient was asymptomatic with stable occlusion, highlighting the optimal efficacy of the procedure.
Dual Photoactive Species in CuPd for Light‐switched Homo‐coupling of Alkynes in Anaerobic and Base Free Condition
Authors: Liu Hao , Zhao Jian , Zhang Min 
Published: May 2024

AbstractVarious ratios of CuPd alloy are loaded on C3N4 and utilized as efficient photocatalyst for the light‐switched homo‐coupling of alkynes in anaerobic and base free condition. For the model phenylacetylene reactant, the light‐irradiation promotes the reaction rate from 36.9 % to 99.9 % and the selectivity of 1,3‐diynes from 0 % to 68.7 %. Different supports, solvents and the induction period of the prepared samples show influence on the activity. The action spectra with different light wavelengths demonstrate that both copper phenylacetylide intermediate formed during the reaction and the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect of the copper in CuPd alloy are the photoactive species. Through the control experiments, it confirms that these dual photoactive species and the interface between Cu and Pd are essential for efficient light‐switching reaction pathway.
CFD Analysis of Laminar Mixing Mechanism and Performance in an Oscillatory Baffled Reactor
Authors: Murotani Ryosuke , Horie Takafumi , Fujioka Satoko , Komoda Yoshiyuki , Ohmura Naoto , Masuda Hayato , Okita Erika , Yasuda Masahiro 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe mixing mechanism in an oscillatory baffled reactor (OBR) at the low oscillatory Reynolds number was analyzed using numerical simulation. OBR is a tubular reactor in which baffles are placed at equal intervals, and the interaction between the baffles and oscillatory flow mixes the fluid. At the low oscillatory Reynolds number, mixing induced by the folding and stretching of the fluid was observed at each baffle section. This was caused by the radial flow in the vicinity of the baffles when the direction of the oscillatory flow was reversed. The mixing performance was quantified by applying virtual particle tracing, setting up a virtual boundary surface, and following the changes in its area over time. The area increased exponentially, confirming the chaotic mixing characteristics.
Hydrogenolysis of Cationic Half‐Sandwich Zinc Complexes Containing a Chelating Amine: Facile Cleavage of Zinc‐Carbon Bond by Dihydrogen to Give Zinc Hydride Cations
Authors: Mahawar Pritam , Rajeshkumar Thayalan , Spaniol Thomas P. , Maron Laurent , Okuda Jun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCationic half‐sandwich zinc complexes containing chelating amines [Cp*Zn(Ln)][BAr4F] (2 a, Cp*=η3‐C5Me5, Ln=N,N,N’,N’‐tetramethylethylenediamine, TMEDA; 2 b, Ln=N,N,N’,N’‐tetraethylethylenediamine, TEEDA; 2 c, Cp*=η1‐C5Me5, Ln=N,N,N’,N’’,N’’‐pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, PMDTA; Ar4F=(3,5‐(CF3)2C6H3)4) reacted with dihydrogen (ca. 2 bar) in THF at 80 °C to give molecular zinc hydride cations [(Ln)ZnH(thf)m][BAr4F] (3 a,b, m=1; 3 c, m=0) previously reported along with Cp*H. Pseudo first‐order kinetics with respect to the concentration of 2 b suggests heterolytic cleavage of dihydrogen by the Zn−Cp* bond, reminiscent of σ‐bond metathesis. Hydrogenolysis of the zinc cation 2 b in the presence of benzophenone gave the zinc alkoxide [(TEEDA)Zn(OCHPh2)(thf)][BAr4F] (5 b). Cation 2 b was shown to catalytically hydrogenate N‐benzylideneaniline. The PMDTA complex 2 c underwent C−H bond activation in acetonitrile to give a dinuclear μ‐κC,κN‐cyanomethyl zinc complex [(PMDTA)Zn(CH2CN)]2[BAr4F]2 (6 c).
Asymmetric and Chemoselective Iridium Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Conjugated Unsaturated Oxime Ethers
Authors: Zhao Shaohu , Peters Bram B. C. , Zhang Haili , Xue Ruize , Yang Yixin , Wu Liuying , Huang Tianrui , He Lei , Andersson Pher G. , Zhou Taigang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractResearch on the chemoselective metal‐catalyzed hydrogenation of conjugated π‐systems has mostly been focussed on enones. Herein, we communicate the understudied asymmetric hydrogenation of enimines catalyzed by N,P‐iridium complexes and chemoselective toward the alkene. A number of enoxime ethers underwent hydrogenation smoothly to yield the desired products in high yield and stereopurity (up to 99 % yield, up to 99 % ee). No hydrogenation of the C=N π‐bond was observed under the applied reaction conditions (20 bar H2, rt, DCM). It was demonstrated that the chiral oxime ether could be hydrolyzed into the ketone with complete preservation of the installed stereogenity at the α‐carbon. At last, a binding mode of the substrate to the active iridium catalyst and the consequence for the stereoselective outcome was proposed.
Recyclable Homogeneous Catalysis Enabled by Dynamic Coordination on Rhodium(II) Axial Sites of Metal‐Organic Polyhedra
Authors: Sánchez‐Fuente Miguel , Hernández‐López Laura , Maspoch Daniel , Mas‐Ballesté Rubén , Carné‐Sánchez Arnau 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe activity of catalytic nanoparticles is strongly dependent on their surface chemistry, which controls colloidal stability and substrate diffusion toward catalytic sites. In this work, we studied how the outer surface chemistry of nanostructured Rh(II)‐based metal‐organic cages or polyhedra (Rh‐MOPs) impacts their performance in homogeneous catalysis. Specifically, through post‐synthetic coordination of aliphatic imidazole ligands onto the exohedral Rh(II) axial sites of Rh‐MOPs, we solubilized a cuboctahedral Rh‐MOP in dichloromethane, thereby enabling its use as a homogeneous catalyst. We demonstrated that the presence of the coordinating ligand on the surface of the Rh‐MOP does not hinder its catalytic activity in styrene aziridination and cyclopropanation reactions, thanks to the dynamic Rh‐imidazole coordination bond. Finally, we used similar ligand exchange post‐synthetic reactions to develop a ligand‐mediated approach for precipitating the Rh‐MOP catalyst, facilitating the recovery and reuse of Rh‐MOPs as homogeneous catalysts.
An Image‐Based Approach to Automated Recognition of Asbestos‐Containing Components in Wall Demolition Waste
Authors: Bauer Albert , Kruggel‐Emden Harald 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe feasibility to discriminate potentially asbestos‐containing components from asbestos‐free concrete based on camera images using the example of wall demolition waste is investigated. For this, three types of asbestos substitute materials and two types of concrete are crushed and photographed. The classification of the fragment images is carried out with a) morphological and texture features and b) with features automatically extracted by the pretrained MobileNetV3 network. Feret diameters, circularity, and others served as morphological descriptors. The texture was described by measures of grey‐level intensity, as obtained from the grey‐level co‐occurrence matrix. Support vector machines are found to achieve classification accuracies above 99 % based on the automatically extracted features. The presented identification approach is promising to automate the treatment process of asbestos‐containing materials from construction and demolition waste, which is effortful and requires expert knowledge to this day.