bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectral classification of Pleiades brown dwarf candidates
Authors: Seeiger M. , Neuhäuser R. , Eisenbeiss T. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe report on the results of the spectroscopy of 10 objects previously classified as brown dwarf candidates via RIJHK colors by Eisenbeiss et al. (2009), who performed deep imaging observations on a ∼0.4 sq.deg. field at the edge of the Pleiades. We describe and judge on classification techniques in the region of M‐type stars. To classify and characterise the objects, visual and near infrared spectra have been obtained with VLT FORS and ISAAC. The spectral classification was performed using the shape of the spectra as well as spectral indices that are sensitive to the spectral type and luminosity class of M‐type stars and late M‐type brown dwarfs. Furthermore a spectrophotometric distance was calculated and compared the distance of the Pleiades to investigate the membership probability. As a second argument we analyzed the proper motion. The brown dwarf candidates were found not to be brown dwarfs, but late‐K to mid‐M‐type dwarf stars. Based on the obtained distance and tabulated proper motions we conclude that all objects are background dwarf stars (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Sensitive spectrofluorimetric determination of tizanidine in pharmaceutical preparations, human plasma and urine through derivatization with dansyl chloride
Authors: Ulu Sevgi Tatar 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTA sensitive spectrofluorimetric method was developed for the determination of tizanidine in human plasma, urine and pharmaceutical preparations. The method is based on reaction of tizanidine with 1‐dimethylaminonaphthalene‐5‐sulphonyl chloride (dansyl chloride) in an alkaline medium to form a highly fluorescent derivative that was measured at 511 nm after excitation at 383 nm. The different experimental parameters affecting the fluorescence intensity of tizanidine was carefully studied and optimized. The fluorescence–concentration plots were rectilinear over the ranges 50–500 and 20–300 ng/mL for plasma and urine, respectively, detection limits of 1.81 and 0.54 ng/mL and quantification limits of 5.43 and 1.62 ng/mL for plasma and urine, respectively. The method presents good performance in terms of linearity, detection and quantification limits, precision, accuracy and specificity. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of tizanidine in pharmaceutical preparations. The results obtained were compared with a reference method, using t‐ and F‐tests. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inulin stimulates phagocytosis of PMA‐treated THP‐1 macrophages by involvement of PI3‐kinases and MAP kinases
Authors: Nagahara Yukitoshi , Nagamori Taome , Tamegai Hidekazu , Hitokuwada Mami , Yoshimi Yoji , Ikekita Masahiko , Shinomiya Takahisa 
Published: October 2011

AbstractInulin is a polysaccharide that enhances various immune responses, mainly to T and B cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages in vivo and in vitro. Previous reports describe that inulin activates macrophages indirectly by affecting the alternative complement pathway. In this study, we examined the direct effect of inulin on PMA‐treated THP‐1 macrophages. Inulin treatment did not stimulate the proliferation of THP‐1 macrophages at all. However, inulin treatment significantly increased phagocytosis of the polystyrene beads without the influence of serum. Doses of around 1 mg/mL had the maximal effect, and significant progression of phagocytosis occurred at times treated over 6 h. Inulin augmented phagocytosis not only with polystyrene beads but also with apoptotic cancer cells. The inulin‐induced phagocytosis uptake was suppressed in Toll‐like receptor (TLR) 4 mutated C3H/HeJ mice peritoneal macrophages. Moreover, inulin‐induced THP‐1 macrophage TNF‐α secretion was inhibited using a blocking antibody specific to TLR4, suggesting that TLR4 is involved in the binding of inulin to macrophages. Furthermore, we used specific kinase inhibitors to assess the involvement of inulin‐induced phagocytosis and revealed that phosphoinositide 3‐kinase and mitogen‐activated protein kinase, especially p38, participated in phagocytosis. These results suggest that inulin affects macrophages directly by involving the TLR4 signaling pathway and stimulating phagocytosis for enhancing immunomodulation.
Compound toxicity screening and structure–activity relationship modeling in Escherichia coli
Authors: Planson Anne‐Gaëlle , Carbonell Pablo , Paillard Elodie , Pollet Nicolas , Faulon Jean‐Loup 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSynthetic biology and metabolic engineering are used to develop new strategies for producing valuable compounds ranging from therapeutics to biofuels in engineered microorganisms. When developing methods for high‐titer production cells, toxicity is an important element to consider. Indeed the production rate can be limited due to toxic intermediates or accumulation of byproducts of the heterologous biosynthetic pathway of interest. Conversely, highly toxic molecules are desired when designing antimicrobials. Compound toxicity in bacteria plays a major role in metabolic engineering as well as in the development of new antibacterial agents. Here, we screened a diversified chemical library of 166 compounds for toxicity in Escherichia coli. The dataset was built using a clustering algorithm maximizing the chemical diversity in the library. The resulting assay data was used to develop a toxicity predictor that we used to assess the toxicity of metabolites throughout the metabolome. This new tool for predicting toxicity can thus be used for fine‐tuning heterologous expression and can be integrated in a computational‐framework for metabolic pathway design. Many structure–activity relationship tools have been developed for toxicology studies in eukaryotes [Valerio (2009), Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 241(3): 356–370], however, to the best of our knowledge we present here the first E. coli toxicity prediction web server based on QSAR models (EcoliTox server: http://www.issb.genopole.fr/∼faulon/EcoliTox.php). Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012; 109:846–850. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The incorporation of the A2 protein to produce novel Qβ virus‐like particles using cell‐free protein synthesis
Authors: Smith Mark T. , Varner Chad T. , Bush Derek B. , Bundy Bradley C. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractVirus‐like particles (VLPs) have been employed for a number of nanometric applications because they self‐assemble, exhibit a high degree of symmetry, and can be genetically and chemically modified. However, high symmetry does not allow for a single unique modification site on the VLP. Here, we demonstrate the co‐expression of the cytotoxic A2 protein and the coat protein of the bacteriophage Qβ to form a nearly monodispersed population of novel VLPs. Cell‐free protein synthesis allows for direct access and optimization of protein‐synthesis and VLP‐assembly. The A2 is shown to be incorporated at high efficiency, approaching a theoretical maximum of one A2 per VLP. This work demonstrates de novo production of a novel VLP, which contains a unique site that has the potential for future nanometric engineering applications. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2012
The right inferior phrenic artery: Path of its ascending branch at the vena caval foramen
Authors: Townend R.E. , McConnell P. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe ascending branch of the right inferior phrenic artery is generally understood to pass to the lateral side of the vena caval foramen, on the inferior surface of the diaphragm. A study of 16 cadavers shows that the artery may pass through the vena caval foramen to run on the superior surface of the diaphragm, before returning to the inferior surface by passing through the muscle of the diaphragm. Clin. Anat. 25:656–658, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nasal reconstruction
Authors: Michelotti B. , Mackay D. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe nose is the central feature that defines one's face. Acquired nasal defects arise from a variety of pathologic and traumatic etiologies and reconstructive surgeons may be called upon to restore form and function when the nose has been altered in some way. Nasal reconstruction is one of the most challenging and rewarding procedures performed by the plastic surgeon. A detailed knowledge of the anatomy of the nose – the lining, support and cover – is essential in designing the reconstructive effort. Surgical planning involves, first, identifying the extent of the acquired defect, followed by the application of an intricate knowledge of the tissues that will provide a functional and aesthetically pleasing yet durable reconstruction. In this article, the reader will find a description of the clinically important anatomic features of the nose as they relate to various reconstructive procedures aimed at restoring nasal appearance and maintaining airway patency. Clin. Anat. 25:86–98, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sparsomycin–Linezolid Conjugates Can Promote Ribosomal Translocation
Authors: Li Shibo , Cheng Xiaofeng , Zhou Yonghang , Xi Zhen 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSparsomycin is an antibiotic that targets the peptidyl transferase center of the ribosome and has the ability to promote ribosomal translocation in the absence of EF‐G and GTP. Here we show that changes in the configurations at the two chiral centers of sparsomycin, especially at the chiral carbon, can greatly affect its capability to promote ribosomal translocation. More importantly, the incorporation of the pseudo‐uracil moiety of sparsomycin into linezolid through a covalent linkage conferred on linezolid derivatives the ability to promote translocation, thus indicating the importance of interactions between this pseudo‐uracil moiety, rRNA, and tRNA for promoting translocation. In addition, these translocation promoters can also effectively inhibit spontaneous reverse translocation; this suggests that they might promote forward translocation by trapping the ribosome in the post‐translocation state and shifting the equilibrium between the pre‐ and post‐translocation ribosome in the forward direction.
Sequential Centrifugal Partition Chromatography: A New Continuous Chromatographic Technology
Authors: Hopmann E. , Goll J. , Minceva M. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn solid‐support‐free liquid‐liquid chromatography, both phases can be used as a mobile phase and, moreover, their role and flow direction can be reversed during the course of the separation. This is the background of the concept of sequential centrifugal partition chromatography (sCPC) developed to perform a continuous separation in a cyclic manner. The feed is continuously introduced between two centrifugal partition chromatographic columns and two products are alternately collected at the opposite ends of the columns. In this work, a method is presented to select the operating parameters of an sCPC unit for the complete separation of a binary feed mixture. The method uses, as a basis, a restricted number of experiments needed to determine the distribution equilibrium of the components to be separated and to evaluate the column hydrodynamics. The method was validated experimentally for the separation of a binary mixture of hydroquinone and pyrocatechol.
Evaluation of the Benefit of Cold Flow Experiments for the Characterization of Column Internals
Authors: Mudimu Ompe Aime , Markus Matthias , Ruffert Gerhard 
Published: October 2011

AbstractCold‐Flow‐Experimente mit Luft und Wasser als Modellfluide können einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Charakterisierung von Kolonneneinbauten leisten. Sie sind mit vergleichsweise niedrigem Aufwand durchführbar, dienen andererseits aber als unerlässliche Stützpunkte für fluiddynamische Modellansätze, die wiederum die Brücke zu technisch relevanten Stoffsystemen und Betriebsbedingungen darstellen. Durch Kombination mit anderen Bewertungsmethoden, wie z. B. Testgemisch‐Untersuchungen oder mathematischen Modellen, können sie sehr wichtige Informationen zur sicheren und zielgenauen Auslegung von Kolonneneinbauten liefern. Es werden die Möglichkeiten, aber auch die Grenzen von Cold‐Flow‐Experimenten beleuchtet und in Beziehung zu Versuchen mit organischen Systemen gesetzt.
Proton‐Conducting Composite Membranes for Future Perspective Applications in Fuel Cells, Desalination Facilities and Photocatalysis
Authors: Marschall Roland , Sharifi Monir , Wark Michael 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAnorganische Füllmaterialien dienen oft der Verbesserung der mechanischen, thermischen und chemischen Eigenschaften von Polymermembranen. Im Falle protonenleitender Polymere ist es dabei allerdings gleichzeitig nötig, die Protonenleitung der Matrix zu unterstützen bzw. wenigstens nicht zu stören. Durch geeignete Kombinationen aus Polymer und Füllermaterial können so effektive und sehr gut leitfähige Komposit‐Membranen hergestellt werden. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die möglichen Anwendungen einer speziellen protonenleitenden Komposit‐Membran, die funktionalisierte SiO2‐Partikel mit geordneter Mesoporosität enthält, in Brennstoffzellen, zur Entsalzung von Wasser und in der Photokatalyse.
Guest Diffusion in Binderless High‐Performance NaX Molecular Sieves
Authors: Mehlhorn Dirk , Valiullin Rustem , Kärger Jörg , Schumann Kristin , Brandt Alfons , Unger Baldur 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe pulsed field gradient (PFG) NMR technique is applied for exploring the diffusion behavior of guest molecules in binderless NaX beads in comparison with the zeolite powder employed for their production. With both probe molecules applied (water, n‐hexane), the diffusivities in the powder and the beads are found to essentially coincide as long as the diffusion path lengths are sufficiently small in comparison with the extension of the individual particles (crystallites) of the powder. With increasing diffusion path lengths, characteristic deviations become observable that can be attributed to the differences in long‐range mass transfer through the intercrystalline void volume of the bed of crystallites and within the individual beads of the binderless molecular sieve, respectively. With these studies, PFG NMR demonstrates its potentials for simultaneously recording mass transfer phenomena in both the micro‐ and macropores of commercially produced binderless molecular sieves.
A chemical oscillating reaction in NaBrO3‐pyruvic acid‐H2SP4‐‐[Ni(Me2[14]1,3‐diene N4)]2+ system
Authors: Zhao Liang , Xu Zhi‐Qiang , Wu Chang‐Chun , Xie Fu‐Xin , Ni Shi‐Sheng , Luo Yi 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn this paper we report a chemical oscillation catalyzed by [Ni(Me2[14]l,3‐diene N4)]2+ (Me2[14]1,3‐diene N4 denotes 2,3‐dimethyl‐1,4,8,11‐tetraazacyclotetradeca‐1,3‐diene) in BrO3‐pyruvic acid‐H2SO4 system. The domain of the existence of the oscillation waa obtained. The effect of initial concentration of the components on the oscillation were studied. The features of the oscillations were described in detail. We also examined the effects of Ag+, Hg2+, CCl4, free radical inhibitors, etc. on the oscillations.
Ac voltammetric and square wave voltammetric study of the self‐assembled monolayers of thiol‐functionalized viologen derivative
Authors: Li Jing‐Hong , Yang Chun‐He , Yan Ju‐Chao , Chen Wen‐Qi , Dong Shao‐Jun 
Published: October 2011

AbstractElectroactive self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) containing viologen group are formed through the adsorption of thiol‐functionalized viologen compound CH3(CH2)9V2+(CH2)8SH, where V2+ is N,N'‐dialkylbipyridinium (i.e. a viologen group), onto gold electrodes form methanol/water solution and its electrochemical behavior is investigated by Ac voltammetry and square wave voltammetry, which have the high sensitivity against background charging. The viologen SAM formed is a sub‐monolayer and the normal potentials corresponding to the two successive oneelectron transfer processes of the active centers (viologen) are ‐360 mV and ‐750 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl) in 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffer solutions (pH 6.96) respectively, and the standard electron transfer rate constant is 9.0 s−1. The electrochemical behavior of this SAM in various solutions has been preliminarily discussed.
Studies on the energy transfer system of terbium‐norfloxacin chelate and its interaction with serum albumins
Authors: Xu Yan , Shen Han‐Xi , Huang Han‐Guo 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe energy absorbed by norfloxacin could be transferred to terbium(III) through chelation of norfloxacin with terbium(III), then the characteristic fluorescence emission could be observed. The interaction of serum albumins with norfloxacin have been investigated in this paper. The results showed that HSA could inhibit the energy transfer between norfloxacin and terbium(III). But, BSA could not. It was shown that the binding properties of norfloxacin to HSA and BSA were totally different.
Effect of organic modifiers on the capacity factor in micellar electrokinetic chromatography
Authors: Shi Wei , Zhang Jin , Wang Lei , Zou Han‐Fa , Zhang Yu‐Kui 
Published: October 2011

AbstractOrganic modifiers were effective both to extend the migration time window and to improve the separation of very hydrophobic compounds in MEKC. An iteration method was wed to determine the migration time of micelles. The quantitative relationship between the capacity factor k' and the concentration of organic modifiers was derived, which wan investigated experimentally. The linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) methodology was applied to MEKC, and good linear relationships between Ink' and solvatochromic parameters of 15 solutes were obtained in the presence of organic modifier in different concentrations, which indicated a new access in MEKC to predict k' from the structural parameters of solutes. The effect of column temperature T on k' was also investigated.
Photochemistry of nonconjugated bichromophoric systems III. Synthesis and photoreaction of poly(ethylene glycol) biscoumarinyloxyacetates
Authors: Wang Yong‐Mei , Du Da‐Ming , Meng Ji‐Ben , Zhou Xiu‐Zhong , Wang Lei 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA series of poly(ethylene glycol) biscoumarinyloxyacetatea have been synthesized and their intramolecular photochemical cyclodimerizations have been studied. It was found that only syn‐HT configuration products were obtained when these bisesters were directly irradiated in chloroform, and the yields of the products decreased with the increase of the chain length. This photocyclization reaction is a convenient and effective method to synthesize macrocyclic compounds.
A new strategy for the stereospecific syntheses of C‐furanosides
Authors: Yang Bing‐Hui , Jiang Ji‐Qing , Huang Xi‐Lin , Wu Hou‐Ming 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis reaction provided an efficient method to synthesize C‐furanoside derivatives in high yields and stereospecificity under mild conditions. The cyclization mechanism regarding benzyl group as a leaving group was discussed and their stereochemistry waa deduced by 1H‐1H NOESY data.
BIOREGIS Software Platform Based on GIS Technology to Support in‐Situ Remediation of Petroleum Contaminated Sites. Case Study: Razvad – Dambovita County, Romania
Authors: Anicai Ovidiu , Anicai Liana 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWith a need for the management of petroleum contaminated sites on Romanian territory, an experimental software platform involving ESRI‐ArcGIS technologies (BIOREGIS) is presented in this study. The BIOREGIS platform is aimed to: (i) Build the structure of relational, standardized databases to store spatial and textual characteristic information on polluted sites for further risk analysis and planning of remediation actions, (ii) improve the pollution risk assessment methodology for Romanian petroleum contaminated sites and its informatics implementation, and (iii) develop and operate the software platform for pollution risk based management involving GIS/remote sensing technologies and remediation activities. The operation of BIOREGIS has been tested for a pilot contaminated area situated at Razvad – Dambovita County, which has been subjected to in situ remediation procedures involving both bioremediation and electrokinetic processes.
Patterns of care and treatment outcomes for elderly women with cervical cancer
Authors: Sharma Charu , Deutsch Israel , Horowitz David P. , Hershman Dawn L. , Lewin Sharyn N. , Lu Yu‐Shiang , Neugut Alfred I. , Herzog Thomas J. , Chao Clifford K. , Wright Jason D. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Cervical cancer is common in the elderly. The authors examined the patterns of care, treatment, and outcomes of elderly women with cervical cancer.METHODS:Women with cervical cancer diagnosed between 1988 and 2005 and registered in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database were analyzed. Patients were stratified by age: <50, 50 to 59, 60 to 69, 70 to 79, and ≥80 years. Multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to examine treatment; cancer‐specific survival was examined using Cox proportional hazards models.RESULTS:A total of 28,902 women were identified, including 2543 women 70 to 79 years old and 1364 ≥80 years. For women with early stage (IB1‐IIA) tumors, primary surgery was performed in 82.0% of women <50 years old compared with 54.5% of those 70 to 79 years old and 33.2% of those ≥80 years old (P < .0001). For women treated surgically, lymphadenectomy was performed in 66.8% of women <50 years old versus 9.1% of patients ≥80 years old (P < .0001). Compared with patients <50 years old, those >80 years old were less likely to undergo radical hysterectomy (odds ratio [OR], 0.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.07‐0.14) and lymphadenectomy (OR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.08‐0.16) and to receive adjuvant radiation therapy (OR, 0.06; 95% CI, 0.01‐0.35). Among women with stage IIB‐IVA disease, use of brachytherapy declined with age (P < .0001). For women with stage IB1‐IIA tumors, the hazard ratio for death from cancer was 1.35 (95% CI, 1.16‐1.58) for women 70 to 79 years old and 2.08 (95% CI, 1.72‐2.48) for those ≥80 years old compared with younger women.CONCLUSIONS:Elderly women with cervical cancer are less likely to undergo surgery, receive adjuvant radiation, and receive brachytherapy. After adjusting for treatment disparities, cancer‐specific mortality is higher in older women. Cancer 2012;3618–3626. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Magnetic Resonance and Mössbauer Studies of Superparamagnetic γ‐Fe2O3 Nanoparticles Encapsulated into Liquid‐Crystalline Poly(propylene imine) Dendrimers
Authors: Domracheva Natalia E. , Pyataev Andrew V. , Manapov Rafil A. , Gruzdev Matvey S. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe present the first results of electron magnetic resonance (EMR) and Mössbauer spectroscopy studies of γ‐Fe2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) incorporated into liquid‐crystalline, second‐generation dendrimers. The mean size of NPs formed in the dendrimers was around 2.5 nm. A temperature‐driven transition from superparamagnetic to ferrimagnetic resonance was observed for the sample. Low‐temperature blocking of the NP magnetic moments has been clearly evidenced in the integrated EMR line intensity and the blocking temperature was about 60 K. The physical parameters of magnetic NPs (magnetic moment, effective magnetic anisotropy) have been determined from analyses of the EMR data. The effective magnetic anisotropy constant is enhanced relative to bulk γ‐Fe2O3 and this enhanced value is associated with the influence of the surface and shape effects. The angular dependence of the EMR signal position for the field‐freezing sample from liquid‐crystalline phase showed that NPs possessed uniaxial anisotropy, in contrast to bulk γ‐Fe2O3. Mössbauer spectroscopy determined that fabricated NPs consisted of an α‐Fe core and a γ‐Fe2O3 shell.