bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the usefulness and understandability of information leaflets on fall prevention from the perspective of hospital patients and their relatives
Authors: Pock Eva Maria Lissa , Lohrmann Christa , Hoffmann Magdalena , Schwarz Christine Maria , Schoberer Daniela 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundFalls are a major problem among adults over 60 years. Multiple preventive measures must be taken. Written information leaflets can support the knowledge transfer and positively influence recall of the information provided.ObjectiveThe aim was to ensure usefulness and understandability of the information leaflets on home fall prevention from the target groups' perspective.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey study with a feedback questionnaire for patients and relatives was conducted at a university hospital in Austria. Quantitative data analysis and qualitative content analysis according to Schreier were performed.ResultsThe majority (63.9%) of patients rated the overall impression as “very good”. 44.2% of the relatives rated it as “very good” and 23% as “good”. The question “appealing design” was the only one with a statistically significant difference between patients and relatives. Subgroup analysis has shown a statistically significant difference between educational groups regarding the questions “easy to read” and “easy to understand”.ConclusionIt could be shown that the information leaflets were already well tailored to the target group. The few comments regarding understandability were considered to improve the content of the information leaflets. A further evaluation regarding the benefit of the fall prevention leaflets in discharge management should be performed.
Drought response modelling of leaf photosynthetic parameters in two Gossypium species
Authors: Chastain Daryl R. , Snider John L. , Singh Bhupinder , Virk Gurpreet 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCotton is well adapted to dry areas, but progressive water deficits can lead to declines in net photosynthesis (A), ultimately reducing yield. However, the exact mechanism responsible for this decline in net photosynthesis (stomatal or non‐stomatal) is not fully understood under field conditions, partially due to limitations in the ability to collect critical data. To our knowledge, no other study has compared the drought responses of Pima and upland cotton using both CO2 response and chlorophyll fluorescence under field conditions. To this end, a field study was conducted to quantify the impact of progressive mild drought, as measured by midday stomatal conductance to water vapour (gs), on cotton leaf metabolism in Pima and upland cotton. Survey gas exchange and rapid photosynthetic CO2 response (RACiR) were conducted during flowering on the same leaf. The study observed decline in A as gs declined for both species. Correlation analysis indicated typical relationships with A and parameters associated with stomatal limitations such as decreased CO2 inside the leaf and at the site of carboxylation; however, it was found that while Pima exhibited a strong relationship between maximum electron transport rate (Jmax) and electron transport rate (ETR), upland cotton did not. Furthermore, when ETR is broken down into proportions contributing to net photosynthesis and photorespiration (ETRA, ETRP, respectively), we found that a greater proportion of ETR is being shuttled to the photorespiratory pathway in upland, relative to Pima as gs decreases. Our results fill critical knowledge gaps that can be useful for modellers and breeders when preparing for future climate change scenarios.
Habitat characteristics and the rate of decline in a threatened farmland bird, the ortolan bunting Emberiza hortulana
Authors: Piirainen Sirke , Seimola Tuomas , Lindén Andreas , Tiainen Juha , Piha Markus 
Published: April 2024

Farmland habitats witness steep declines in biodiversity. One rapidly declining farmland species is the ortolan bunting Emberiza hortulana. In Finland, a staggering 99% of the population has been lost during the past 30 years. Changes in the breeding habitats have been proposed as a reason for the decline, although hazards during migration and wintering may also play a role.We gathered a 19‐year data set of Finnish ortolan buntings and studied which spatial characteristics, habitat features, and climate factors might explain the population growth rate at the singing‐group level. As explanatory variables we used region, density of small‐scale structures, proportion of agricultural area in the landscape, diversity of crop types, proportion of bare ground, and temperature and precipitation of previous breeding season.Higher population growth rates were associated with higher crop type diversity and higher proportion of bare ground. The mosaic of various crop plants and bare ground may provide a wider array of feeding, hiding and nesting places, and an easier access to food. Higher growth rates were also associated with landscapes dominated by interconnected agricultural land, which may reflect the species' sociability and avoidance of forested areas. The North Ostrobothnia region had higher growth rates compared to other regions.We suggest that northern populations of ortolan bunting should be targeted for further studies on feeding and breeding ecology as well as for urgent conservation actions, such as increasing crop type diversity and bare ground.
Detecting T‐cell receptor clonality in patients with severe atopic dermatitis refractory to dupilumab
Authors: Kook Hyungdon , Gwag Ho Eun , Park So Yun , Hong Narang , Lee Jung‐Ho , Jung Hye Jung , Park Mi Youn , Choi Yu Sung , Kim Hyun Je , Weidinger Stephan , Ahn Jiyoung 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundTrials and real‐life studies demonstrated clinically meaningful improvements of disease activity in the majority of patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD) treated with the anti‐IL‐4RA‐antibody dupilumab. However, misdiagnosis or confounding skin diseases in particular cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL) may lead to inadequate response.ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical and pathological features of patients with AD who showed insufficient response to dupilumab.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of 371 patients treated with dupilumab for severe AD. Insufficient response was defined as failure to achieve an improvement of the eczema area severity index (EASI) of at least 50% (EASI‐50) at Week 16 and of 75% (EASI‐75) at Week 52. Among 46 patients with insufficient response, 35 patients consented to a re‐evaluation including a full physical exam, biopsies and laboratory assessments including immunohistochemistry and T‐cell receptor gene rearrangement analysis to differentiate CTCL.ResultsOf the 371 patients treated with dupilumab, 46 (12.3%) patients showed insufficient response to dupilumab. Of these, 35 underwent further evaluation, and 19 (54.2% of inadequate responders) were finally diagnosed with mycosis fungoides (MF). In these patients, transition to or addition of conventional MF treatment led to clinical improvements.ConclusionsInsufficient response to dupilumab treatment may help uncover early MF on an existing AD background.
Job and off‐job crafting profiles: Time‐lagged relationships with job, home and personal resources and well‐being outcomes
Authors: Ho Kang Leng , Mäkikangas Anne , Kerksieck Philipp , Morstatt Anja Isabel , de Bloom Jessica , Bauer Georg F. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCrafting research has often focused solely on the work domain or examined work and non‐work life domains separately, using a variable‐centered approach. Little is known about the interactions of crafting processes in the work and non‐work domain. In this time‐lagged study, we examined (1) the relationship between job and off‐job crafting behaviours using a person‐centered approach to identify crafting profiles, (2) whether job, home and personal resources differentially predicted these profiles and (3) whether these profiles differed in relation to outcomes, that is work engagement and mental well‐being. We conducted a three‐wave, time‐lagged survey with 3‐month intervals among 2125 employees. The results revealed three profiles of active (18.0%), average (48.2%) and least active (33.9%) crafters. Analyses of predictors showed that active crafters had higher levels of home developmental possibilities and self‐efficacy than average and least active crafters, likewise for average crafters compared with least active crafters. Furthermore, active crafters had higher levels of social support at home than least active crafters. Regarding well‐being outcomes, active crafters experienced significantly higher mental well‐being than average and least active crafters and higher work engagement than least active crafters. Interventions to enhance employee's resources could stimulate crafting behaviours, ultimately improving well‐being.
Efficacy of rehabilitative therapies on otologic symptoms in patients with temporomandibular disorders: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Ferrillo Martina , Marotta Nicola , Viola Pasquale , Chiarella Giuseppe , Fortunato Leonzio , Ammendolia Antonio , Giudice Amerigo , de Sire Alessandro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe term temporomandibular disorder (TMD) indicates a set of musculoskeletal conditions involving temporomandibular joint (TMJ), masticatory musculature, and related anatomical structures. Pain is the most common clinical manifestation of TMD, and the auditory system might be involved and affected, through tinnitus, dizziness, otalgia and ear fullness sensation.ObjectivesThe aim of this systematic review of randomised controlled trails (RCTs) was to evaluate the efficacy of rehabilitative approaches on otologic symptoms in patients with TMD.MethodsPubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were systematically searched from the inception until 8th October 2023 to identify RCTs presenting participants with a diagnosis of TMD associated with otologic signs and symptoms, rehabilitative approaches as interventions, and modification of the otological symptoms as outcome.ResultsOut of 931 papers suitable for title/abstract screening, 627 articles were assessed for eligibility. Five studies were included reporting the efficacy of occlusal splint therapy, low‐level laser therapies, and physical therapy in patients diagnosed whit secondary otalgia or tinnitus associated with TMD. No RCTs evaluating other otologic symptoms, ear fullness, dizziness or vertigo were found.ConclusionsResults of this systematic review suggested that rehabilitative approaches might be effective in improving secondary otalgia and tinnitus in TMD patients. Thus, further RCTs with a higher level of evidence and more representative samples should be conducted to better understand the effects of TMD therapy on otologic complains.
School‐Family Partnerships to Support Attendance: Advancing an Equity‐Centered Theoretical Framework
Authors: Lindstrom Johnson Sarah , Kulkarni Nita , Rodríguez De Jesús Sue A. , Cottam Stephanie , Fillhouer Marianne , Guevara Ana M. M. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDSince returning to in‐person instruction after the emergence of COVID‐19 schools have seen a dramatic increase in the number of students chronically absent, with data indicating a greater increase for low‐income, Black, and Hispanic students. Given the role of school attendance in both promoting positive educational outcomes as well as providing students with physical and mental health supports, it is critical to identify ways to re‐engage families in a manner that is culturally responsive and equitable.CONTRIBUTIONS TO THEORYCurrent attendance interventions focus primarily on school‐based academic and behavioral supports for students while excluding the family. Additionally, traditional family engagement models do not address the sociocultural realities of low‐income and/or minoritized families. We present a strengths‐based model of family engagement to support attendance.IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY, PRACTICE, AND EQUITYAlong with our model, we provide concrete supports that schools can provide, including example measurement items. In this way, schools and districts can self‐assess as well as identify action steps to promote positive school‐family partnerships for equitable family engagement.CONCLUSIONSWithout consistent attendance, schools cannot support positive educational outcomes nor provide important safety net services for students. Attendance is a family engagement challenge, which addressing holistically can reduce racial and socioeconomic educational and health disparities.
Can Complexity add anything to Critical Realism and the Morphogenetic Approach?
Authors: Archer Margaret S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractComplexity is not ‘the same as simply complicated’. This is because its advocates present it as a theoretical approach to explaining major aspects of the social order, usually at the macro level, whereas many social phenomena, at any level, can be full of complications (such as the incidence of road accidents) without a unifying theoretical key. Thus, the latter have a strong tendency to remain at the level of events and their study to be confined to a ‘variables’ approach, statistically combining the most variable of potentially contributory factors, without being troubled by the absence, in particular cases of one or more common contributors to accidents (such as drivers’ alcohol consumption). But ‘the Complexity Turn’ does much more than leaving empiricism behind, like Critical Realism from its earliest beginnings, and in some hands is seen as the senior partner of these two approaches.
Thromboelastometry for assessment of hemostasis and disease severity in 42 dogs with naturally‐occurring heatstroke
Authors: Yanai Michal , Klainbart Sigal , Dafna Gal , Segev Gilad , Aroch Itamar , Kelmer Efrat 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThromboelastometry (TEM) provides a comprehensive overview of the entire coagulation process and has not been evaluated in heatstroke‐induced coagulopathies in dogs.ObjectivesTo determine the diagnostic and prognostic utility of TEM in dogs with heatstroke.AnimalsForty‐two client‐owned dogs with heatstroke.MethodsProspective observational study. Blood samples for intrinsic and extrinsic TEM (INTEM and EXTEM, respectively) were collected at presentation and every 12 to 24 hours for 48 hours. Coagulation phenotype (hypo‐, normo‐, or hypercoagulable) was defined based on TEM area under the 1st derivative curve (AUC).ResultsCase fatality rate was 31%. Median TEM variables associated with death (P < .05 for all) included longer INTEM clotting time, lower AUC at presentation and at 12 to 24 hours postpresentation (PP), lower INTEM alpha angle, maximum clot firmness, and maximum lysis (ML) at 12 to 24 hours PP, and lower EXTEM ML at 12 to 24 hours PP. Most dogs were normo‐coagulable on presentation (66% and 63% on EXTEM and INTEM, respectively), but hypo‐coagulable 12 to 24 PP (63% for both EXTEM and INTEM). A hypo‐coagulable INTEM phenotype was more frequent at presentation and 12 to 24 PP among nonsurvivors compared to survivors (55% vs 15% and 100% vs 50%,P = .045 and .026, respectively). AKI was more frequent (P = .015) in dogs with hypo‐coagulable INTEM tracings at 12 to 24 hours. Disseminated intravascular coagulation was more frequent (P < .05) in dogs with a hypo‐coagulable INTEM phenotype and in nonsurvivors at all timepoints.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceHypocoagulability, based on INTEM AUC, is predictive of worse prognosis and occurrence of secondary complications.
The Impact of Factional Discourse On the Palestinian National Cause
Authors: Saeedi Munther , Jabali Oqab , Ishtaiyeh Muath , Esa Abed Alkhaleq , Dabous Mohammad 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWith the Israeli war on Gaza raging, the Palestinian national movement must overcome divides that have weakened the cause. This study delves into the ramifications of divisive discourse on factionalism in Palestine, focusing on the dynamic between Hamas and Fatah. To do so, it investigates the effects of polarization on the sense of collective consciousness among university students in the occupied territories. Through a questionnaire designed to elicit the perspectives of these young adults, this research sheds light on the extent to which rhetoric employed to provoke or incite aggressive behavior has affected cohesion in Palestinian politics and society, as well as individuals’ beliefs in the possibility of a national movement. The article finds that in all of these facets, young adults have a high degree of cynicism and see divisive discourse reducing faith in institutions and leaders, causing rifts among friends and neighbors, and even leading them to think about emigrating. While the study was conducted before the Israel‐Hamas war that began in October 2023, which may force some compromise between factions, the survey results indicate the immense amount of work required to unify the movement.
A defense of back‐end doxastic voluntarism
Authors: Soter Laura K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDoxastic involuntarism—the thesis that we lack direct voluntary control (in response to non‐evidential reasons) over our belief states—is often touted as philosophical orthodoxy. I here offer a novel defense of doxastic voluntarism, centered around three key moves. First, I point out that belief has two central functional roles, but that discussions of voluntarism have largely ignored questions of control over belief's guidance function. Second, I propose that we can learn much about doxastic control by looking to cognitive scientific research on control over other relevantly similar mental states. I draw on a mechanistic account of control of the guidance function for “emotion‐type states,” and argue that these same cognitive control mechanisms can used to block doxastic guidance. This gives us an account of “back‐end” doxastic control which can be deployed for reasons which are not the right kinds of reasons to support “front‐end” belief formation—i.e., non‐evidential reasons. Third, I argue that comprehensive, self‐directed exercises of this kind of control can amount to an underappreciated kind of voluntarism. This form of voluntarism is available to any account of belief that takes guidance‐instantiation to be at least partly constitutive of believing. Finally, I discuss objections to, and upshots of, the view.
Recent empirical work on religious experience: New directions
Authors: Skolits Wes 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNovel developments in neuroscience, psychology, and anthropology have spawned a thriving empirical literature on religious experience. Previous literature in the cognitive science of religion has largely ignored empirical results from these fields, focusing narrowly on results from evolutionary psychology. Additionally, it has ignored the epistemological relevance of non‐paradigmatic cases of religious experience discussed in the literature from these subspecialties. In this article I submit that philosophical research on religious experience should take empirical work outside of evolutionary psychology as its primary foci towards uncovering fresh perspectives. I focus on three different literatures from neuroscience, psychology, and anthropology as case studies for generating novel philosophical research. I show that empirically‐discovered factors related to non‐paradigmatic religious experiences raise crucial and unique epistemological questions.
Cloprostenol effect with and without male stimulation on oestrus synchronization in Peru guinea pigs
Authors: Roldan‐Juárez Jesús , Pinares Rubén , Lozano Franklin , Machaca Virgilio , Quispe‐Gutiérrez Ulises S. , Pizarro Dante M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCloprostenol, a synthetic derivative of prostaglandin F2α, effectively triggers functional and morphological regression of the corpus luteum (luteolysis). In rural Peru, the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) holds significance within the local economy and serves as a valuable protein source. Enhancing reproductive efficiency is crucial to achieve uniformity in weight, age, and litter size across commercial systems. Thus, our study aimed to evaluate the effect of cloprostenol with and without male stimulation on the onset, duration, and intensity of oestrus in Peru guinea pigs. A total of 128 guinea pigs (120 females and eight males) between 8 and 12 months of age, weighing between 800 and 1200 g, were distributed in cages of 15 females per treatment. Cloprostenol sodium (0 [control], 0.20, 0.25, and 0.30 mg/animal) was IM administered to the groups with and without male stimulation. Four isolated males in individual cages, different from the one used for the treatment, were considered to detect oestrus. The oestrus intensity was assessed by observing sexual behaviour signs such as restlessness, moaning, attempts to mount, pelvic elevation, loin stretching, and vulvar inflammation. The oestrus was manifested 2 days after the administration of cloprostenol sodium. At a dose of 0.30 mg/animal and with male stimulation, the earliest oestrus was observed at 46.9 h. There was a reduction in the oestrus duration (p < .05) in guinea pigs that received the three doses of cloprostenol sodium compared to the control group. The highest percentages of frank oestrus intensity (66.7%) were strongly associated with the administered doses of cloprostenol sodium (p < .01). In conclusion, the cloprostenol sodium administration was proper for rapid oestrus induction in Peru guinea pigs.
Evaluating conflict in collaborative environmental governance: A study of environmental justice councils
Authors: Ambrose Graham , Kim Jangmin , Siddiki Saba 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe formal engagement of diverse stakeholder groups in environmental policy design and implementation is increasingly common. While engaging diverse stakeholders in common fora can help address complex environmental dilemmas, insofar as different stakeholders have varying perspectives and resources to contribute, this same variance can lead to intractable conflicts. While policy scholars have developed various conceptual approaches to understanding conflict in the policy process, few scholars have applied conceptual approaches to understand how policy conflicts are reflected in interpersonal communications among diverse stakeholders. In this article, we draw on environmental justice council meeting minutes and use qualitative, computational, and statistical methods to analyze, over time: (i) the extent and severity of policy conflict observed among council actors; (ii) the association between actor‐level attributes and conflict, as conveyed in two‐way communication between actors; (iii) the association between actor's sector and change in conflict; and (iv) variation in conflict across council activities. By exploring the overtime association between policy conflict and attributes of policy actors (e.g., sectoral affiliation and interpersonal attributes), our analysis addresses not only the influence of the number of interactions for an actor at the meeting but also how they are interacting at the meeting by leveraging their position in the meeting communication network. Our article contributes to the study of the public policy process and collaborative governance, drawing attention to how conflict materializes in a collaborative forum engaged in policy making.