bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le cadastre B d'Orange et son bornage à Sainte-Cécile-les-Vignes (Vaucluse). Le cas du domaine du Rut
Authors: Leyraud Jean-Claude , Meffre Joël-Claude , Poupet Pierre 
Published: July 2011

The present boundaries of this domain known through writings from the end of the 15th century, perpetuate the centuria SD 11/CK 19 and SD 12/CK 19 of the B cadastre in Orange. Two Gallo-Roman sites were identified. Two post-medieval boundary stones correspond to the angles of the two centuria; they are perfectly integrated into the setting of A. Piganiol improved by G. Chouquer. The CK 19 kardo and the SD 12 and SD 13 decumani were discovered — they both are about 2,35 meters, i.e. the 8 foot measure of the subruncivi limits.
Further observations not only give a better understanding of the colonial centuriation, but also allow to verify the setting in the landscape and its development.
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (Hbsag) Decrease and Serum Interferon-Inducible Protein-10 Levels as Predictive Markers for Hbsag Loss during Treatment with Nucleoside/Nucleotide Analogues
Authors: Jaroszewicz Jerzy , Ho Huy , Markova Antoaneta , Deterding Katja , Wursthorn Karsten , Schulz Sandra , Bock Claus-Thomas , Tillmann Hans L , Manns Michael P , Wedemeyer Heiner , Cornberg Markus 
Published: July 2011

Background Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss is the ultimate goal of antiviral therapy and its prediction may be important for treatment individualization. Quantitative HBsAg (qHBsAg) has been shown to predict response to interferon-α, but few studies have analysed qHBsAg during treatment with nucleoside/nucleotide analogues (NAs). Serum interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) has been associated with treatment response in hepatitis C, but data in chronic hepatitis B are lacking. Here, we aimed to investigate potential factors predictive for HBsAg loss. Methods HBsAg was quantified at multiple time points in 126 patients with chronic HBV infection; 95 received NA treatment for 6–107 months. At an early time point (first 6 months of therapy) and late time point after virological response (VR; HBV DNA<100 IU/ ml), we distinguished three patterns of HBsAg decrease: strong decrease (>0.5 log10), moderate decrease (10% to 0.5 log10) and no decrease (<10%). In addition to conventional biochemical and virological parameters, we analysed serum IP-10 levels in 55 patients. Results Early and late HBsAg kinetics did not correlate. Overall, 42% of patients with a strong HBsAg decrease 2 years after VR cleared HBsAg. Importantly, no patient without a late HBsAg decrease >0.5 log10 cleared HBsAg. By contrast, early HBsAg decrease after 6 months of NA therapy was not associated with HBsAg loss. Baseline serum IP-10 levels were associated with late but not early HBsAg kinetics and were highest in patients with HBsAg loss. Conclusions Monitoring qHBsAg after successful HBV DNA suppression might be useful to identify patients who clear HBsAg, implicating finite NA treatment. The role of IP-10 as predictive marker for HBsAg loss should be further evaluated.
Le type et l'allégorie : négociations panoramiques
Authors: Stiénon Valérie 
Published: July 2011

C’est une même entreprise de typification qui anime la littérature analytique et panoramique des Physiologies parisiennes des années 1839-1842. Tantôt entendu spécifiquement comme l’entité rassemblant les caractéristiques d’un genre, d’un groupe ou d’une classe, tantôt compris plus généralement comme toute figure originale ou pittoresque, le type implique un rapport à la caractéristique définitoire et participe à un processus de catégorisation. Il n’est pas étranger aux procédés allégoriques : type et allégorie ont tous deux un rapport avec la production d’images et entretiennent un lien avec le modèle et la représentativité. Cet article étudie le traitement de l’allégorie dans les Physiologies en se centrant sur les emblèmes et les attributs symboliques des types socio-professionnels traités, sur le recours typographique à la majuscule essentialisante et sur les interactions textuelles et iconiques permises par le projet éditorial dont procèdent ces monographies illustrées.
Réponse à la question : qu’est-ce que l’insolite ?
Authors: Vergopoulos Hécate 
Published: July 2011

Résumé	Il semblerait que certaines histoires, certains faits, soient plus propices que d’autres à circuler. C’est le cas notamment des « insolites », ces micro-récits aujourd’hui très visibles. De nombreux médias, comme le site Internet Yahoo ! France Actualités qui a été étudié dans cet article, ont en effet créé, aux côtés des rubriques d’actualité dédiées à l’« International » et à l’« Économie », une rubrique spécialisée dans l’ « Insolite » qui rend compte de faits aussi divers qu’étonnants (« Un chat parcourt 700 kilomètres dans un colis postal », « Un homme ivre se glisse dans une équipe de pompiers », « Trois adolescents se baignent dans une piscine contenant un cadavre »). Cet article se propose d’étudier cette forme culturelle en partant de ses manifestations médiatiques pour comprendre plus généralement le rapport à la culture qui s’y joue.
La skholè face aux négligences : former les jeunes générations à l’attention
Authors: Le Deuff Olivier 
Published: July 2011

Résumé	Cet article, fondé sur une enquête empirique de longue durée dans les centres de documentation et d’information (CDI) d’établissements scolaires est aussi une prise de position très délibérée sur les pratiques informationnelles des jeunes générations. Il cherche à montrer que les usages que beaucoup de personnes des jeunes générations font de l’Internet se situent à un niveau d’usage superficiel. Pour l’auteur, ces jeunes n’opèrent donc pas l’exercice de la skholè , cet arrêt qui permet de se concentrer sur un objet pour exercer notamment un regard critique. Les élèves observés commettent ce que l’auteur nomme des « négligences » au sens étymologique du terme ( neg-legere : ne pas lire). Cela le conduit à suggérer une formation à l’attention qui, visant une réelle « majorité » intellectuelle, suppose également une culture technique, l’ensemble étant au service d’un exercice autonome de l’entendement.
L’objet communicationnel, entre technique et symbolique : le cas des monnaies grecques
Authors: Béguin Michel , Béguin-Verbrugge Annette 
Published: July 2011

Résumé	Michel Béguin et Annette Béguin-Verbrugge se proposent ici d’interroger un corpus de monnaies grecques incuses (frappées en creux sur une face) en focalisant leur regard sur la notion d’artefact et en associant aux connaissances des contextes socio-politiques, la prise en compte du travail de la main et de l’outil ainsi qu’un classement des objets de nature topologique. Cette approche permet une interprétation des signes figurant au revers des pièces, interprétation réellement située en culture, en histoire et en technique. Autrement dit une approche prenant en compte la complexité de son objet d’analyse ainsi que la complexité des « conditions de possibilité » qui lui ont permis d’exister. L’exemple des monnaies grecques qui sont analysées permet en outre de s’interroger sur les méthodes dont dispose le chercheur pour rendre compte de la variation sémiotique.
La lutte contre la pauvreté et/ou pratique des TIC
Authors: Kiyindou Alain 
Published: July 2011

Résumé	Les TIC bénéficient d’un quasi-consensus sur leur rôle positif sur le développement individuel et collectif. Toutefois, au-delà des espoirs, apparaissent des interrogations plus ou moins fortes sur leur rôle et leurs usages, et c’est dans cette perspective que s’inscrit la réflexion proposée dans cet article, qui se situe dans la mouvance des travaux sur le changement social dans le contexte de la lutte contre la pauvreté. L’usage des TIC est envisagé pour permettre le maintien et le développement du niveau de vie, pour desserrer les contraintes (notamment sociales et politiques) qui empêchent les hommes et les femmes de s’épanouir ou d’avoir une vie décente. C’est la raison pour laquelle de nombreuses expériences ont été menées. Celles-ci couvrent plusieurs dimensions incluant le développement économique (plate-forme Africanlion), la recherche d’emploi (projet NTIC pour I’emploi des jeunes à Yaoundé), le transfert de fonds (projet GSMA), l’information (Inter-Dev)… Au regard de ces expériences, l’auteur montre que la principale difficulté tient au fait que la pauvreté est la conséquence de plusieurs facteurs : une complexité qui n’est pas prise en compte dans les contenus des dispositifs technologiques mis en place.
Scénariographie
Authors: Fresnault-Deruelle Pierre 
Published: July 2011

Résumé Parler d’un genre ( a fortiori d’une œuvre) sans parler du médium revient à laisser croire que ce dernier (ou cette dernière) est transposable sans déperdition, symbolique ou fantasmatique. Selon Pierre Fresnault-Deruelle, ce n’est évidemment qu’une vue de l’esprit. Il entend ici en donner une nouvelle fois la preuve via un parcours sur les transformations de la bande dessinée de 1950 à nos jours. L’exploration des mutations rituelles, poétiques et littéraires de ce « neuvième art » à travers le changement de régime communicationnel de la « scénariographie » en témoigne.
Inhibition of Pitting Corrosion of Mild Steel in Neutral Solutions
Authors: Pallos G. , Wallwork G. 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
The inhibition of pitting corrosion by a number of the most commonly used inhibitors in neutral solutions containing 80 ppm chloride and at two temperatures (25 and 44 C) is investigated. A scanning microprobe potentiometer is used to follow the inhibition process. The protection conferred to the surface by an inhibitor is found to be directly related to the rate of inhibition of pitting corrosion.
Advanced Organic Optoelectronic Materials: Harnessing Excited‐State Intramolecular Proton Transfer (ESIPT) Process
Authors: Kwon Ji Eon , Park Soo Young 
Published: July 2011

AbstractRecently, organic fluorescent molecules harnessing the excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process are drawing great attention due to their unique photophysical properties which facilitate novel optoelectronic applications. After a brief introduction to the ESIPT process and related photo­physical properties, molecular design strategies towards tailored emission are discussed in relation to their theoretical aspects. Subsequently, recent studies on advanced ESIPT molecules and their optoelectronic applications are surveyed, particularly focusing on chemical sensors, fluorescence imaging, proton transfer lasers, and organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs).
Electrical conductivity and dielectric properties of potassium sulfamate single crystals
Authors: Kumar A. S. , Iype L. , Rajesh R. , Varughese G. , Joseph G. , Louis G. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractSingle crystals of potassium sulfamate are grown by the method of slow evaporation at constant temperature. AC electrical conductivity of potassium sulfamate is measured in the temperature range 300–430 K and in the frequency region between 100 Hz and 3 MHz along the a, b and c‐axes. Complex impedance spectroscopy is used to investigate the frequency response of the electrical properties of the potassium sulfamate single crystal. Temperature variation of AC conductivity and dielectric measurements show a slope change around 345 K for both heating and cooling run and this anomaly is attributed as phase transition, which is well supported by the DSC measurements. Value of loss tangent in the temperature region 330–400 K is found to be very low. Activation energies for the conduction process are calculated along the a, b and c‐axes. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Atomic‐scale study of vapour growth morphology of crystalline urea
Authors: Singh M. K. , Banerjee A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe role of surface relaxation on habit controlling energetics and growth morphology are investigated within the framework of Burton‐Cabrera‐Frank (BCF) and Hartman‐Perdok (HP) models. The habit controlling energetics has been calculated using first principles method. The growth morphology obtained using BCF theory shows that the structural relaxation has considerable effect on growth morphology. The relaxed growth morphology obtained using BCF model match with the experimental result from vapour phase. On the other hand the shape obtained using HP model does not correspond with the experimental shape. Observed polar growth morphology of urea crystal has been discussed particularly in the context of different atomic environments of (111) and (111) faces. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Energy‐aware multipath geographic routing for detouring mode in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Huang Haojun , Hu Guangmin , Yu Fucai 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTFor energy‐constrained wireless sensor networks, we present an Energy‐aware Multipath Geographic Routing (EMGR) protocol. EMGR utilizes geographic information, the characteristics of energy consumption and the metric of advanced energy cost to select the next forwarding node, and uses a dynamic anchor list to shift routing path for load balance. Simulation results show that EMGR is superior to other protocols in terms of energy efficiency, network lifetime, end‐to‐end delay, and packet delivery ratio. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
AID EFFECTIVENESS AND DONOR PREFERENCES: EUROPEAN AID SYSTEMS IN THE FORMER SOVIET UNION, 1992–2007
Authors: Grigoriadis Theocharis N. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis article analyses aid effectiveness from the donor's perspective. An aid contract is effective for the donor when she is able to observe her required levels of trade and institutional change on the territory of the recipient. The distinction between reciprocal, normative and just donors indicates three different approaches to aid effectiveness. The aid systems of the United Kingdom, Germany and the European Union are cases that differentiate along the lines of donors whose primary intentionality lies in the accumulation of trade and investment profits, donors that advance the implementation of institutional change and donors that put equal weight in both strategies. The existence of numerous veto players in the German aid system and the singularity of administrative organization in the British aid system operationalise the distinction between normative and reciprocal donors. The aid system of the European Union is defined as just because economic cooperation or institutional change alone is treated as insufficient for aid effectiveness. Hence, the success of the Technical Assistance to the Commonwealth of Independent States Program (TACIS) is due to the strategic choices of European Union bureaucrats and their treatment of antithetical donor preferences as complementary in the process of aid implementation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of Long‐Term Weather on Domestic and Foreign Winter Tourism Demand
Authors: Falk Martin 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTThis study estimates the determinants of domestic and foreign tourism demand using data on 28 Austrian ski resorts for the winter seasons 1986–1987 to 2007–1908. Using the dynamic panel data analysis, we find that the effect of the weather variables (e.g. snow depth, cloudiness or sunshine) is quite small, with a change in one standard deviation of the variation over time in each weather variable, leading to a 2–3 % change in overnight stays. Furthermore, domestic tourists are more sensitive to changes in weather conditions than foreign tourists. By contrast, overnight stays of foreign visitors are much more responsive to changes in income than it is the case for domestic overnight stays. The occurrence of extreme snow‐deficient winters, such as the winter of 2006–2007, in the future period will reduce overnight stays of foreign and domestic visitors by 2 and 5 %, respectively. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ag requirements for silicon wafer‐based solar cells
Authors: Green Martin A. 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTIn 2010, about 2000 t of Ag were used in the contact metallization of silicon wafer‐based photovoltaics, consuming approximately 7% of the total annual world Ag supply. With the growth of the photovoltaic industry by 10 times/decade over coming decades not out of the question, Ag supply is clearly an impending material resource issue. Minimum requirements for screen‐printed cells are analyzed with the conclusion that design changes will likely be required over the coming decade to reduce use. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adaptive tracking of stochastic nonlinear systems with Prandtl–Ishlinskii hysteresis
Authors: Liu Wei , Ji Haibo , Ma Yike 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYThis paper deals with adaptive tracking problems for a class of stochastic nonlinear systems with unknown hysteresis nonlinearities. The system considered is in a strict‐feedback form driven by unknown Prandtl–Ishlinskii hysteresis and Wiener noises of unknown covariance. By employing backstepping design techniques and stochastic Lyapunov design method, parameter adaptive laws and control laws are obtained, which ensure that the tracking error can converge to a small residual set around the origin in the sense of mean quartic value. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ion Flow Crossing Over a Polyelectrolyte Diode on a Microfluidic Chip
Authors: Han Ji‐Hyung , Kim Kwang Bok , Bae Je Hyun , Kim Beom Jin , Kang Chung Mu , Kim Hee Chan , Chung Taek Dong 
Published: July 2011

AbstractKey evidences are reported for the rectification mechanism of an aqueous ion diode based on polyelectrolytic plugs on a microfluidic chip by monitoring the ion flow crossing over the junction. The ion flow penetrating the polyelectrolyte junction is visualized by employing a fluorescent chemodosimeter, rhodamine B hydrazide and the pH‐dependent dye, carboxy‐fluorescein. How hysteresis phenomena, exhibited through the nonlinear behavior of the polyelectrolyte diode, are affected by a variety of parameters (e.g., switching potential, scan rate, and electrolyte concentration) is also investigated. The insights and knowledge from this study provide a crucial foundation for ion control at the iontronic diode in the aqueous phase, leading to more advanced aqueous organic computing devices and more diverse applications for microfluidic logic devices.
Production and turnover rates of shallow fine roots in rangelands of the Patagonian Monte, Argentina
Authors: Larreguy Cecilia , Carrera Analía L. , Bertiller Mónica B. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractSelective sheep grazing in arid rangelands induces a decrease in total cover and grass cover and an increase in the dominance of shrubs. Both life forms differ in aboveground and belowground traits. We hypothesized that grazing disturbance leads to the replacement of grass by shrub fine roots in the upper soil, and this is reflected in changes in the seasonal dynamics of shallow fine roots at the community level. In two sites representative of non‐grazed and grazed vegetation states in the Patagonian Monte, we assessed the canopy structure, and the fine root biomass, N concentration, production, and turnover during two consecutive years. The non‐grazed site exhibited higher total, grass, and shrub cover than the grazed site. The grazed site had larger or equal fine root biomass than the non‐grazed site except for late spring of the second year. This could be associated with the ability of shrubs to develop dimorphic‐root systems occupying the soil freed by grasses at the grazed site, and with the larger contribution of grass than shrub fine roots in relation to an extraordinary precipitation event at the non‐grazed site. This was consistent with the N concentration in fine roots. Fine root production was positively correlated to temperature at the grazed site and with precipitation at the non‐grazed site. Fine root turnover did not differ between sites. Our results indicate that grazing leads to a shifting in the seasonality and main climatic controls of fine root production, while fine root turnover is mostly affected by changes in soil water conditions.
Canopy Fruit Location Can Affect Olive Oil Quality in ‘Arbequina’ Hedgerow Orchards
Authors: Gómez‐del‐Campo María , García José M. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe effect of location of fruit in canopies of hedgerow olive trees (Olea europaea L., cv. ‘Arbequina’) on quality of virgin oil was tested by analyzing oils extracted from different height layers and faces of nine olive hedgerows (6 North–South oriented and 3 East–West). Although sensory attributes were not different, other oil quality parameters may be significantly modified by fruit position. Oils extracted from fruits harvested from higher layers exhibited significantly higher stability against oxidation, along with higher palmitic acid, linoleic acid and phenol contents, but lower oleic acid content. Oils extracted from fruits harvested from East and North facing hedgerows oriented North–South and East–West, respectively, exhibited higher oleic contents and lower saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid contents. The mean phenol content of oils extracted from fruits from a North–South oriented hedgerow was significantly greater from one of the East–West oriented hedgerows. These findings may be relevant for the design of future olive hedgerows destined for olive oil production.
Physical Properties of Cocoa Butter/Vegetable Oil Blends Crystallized in a Scraped Surface Heat Exchanger
Authors: Pérez‐Martínez J. D. , Reyes‐Hernández J. , Dibildox‐Alvarado E. , Toro‐Vazquez J. F. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBlends of cocoa butter with soybean oil (CB/SO) or canola oil (CB/CO) were crystallized at either of two agitation rates (100 or 1,000 rpm) and at two process temperatures (14 or 17 °C) in a scraped surface heat exchanger (SSHE). The physical properties were characterized at the SSHE output and during storage (14 and 28 days) at 15 °C. At the SSHE output, the CB/CO and CB/SO systems that had been processed at 100 rpm presented a more solid‐like character than systems processed at 1,000 rpm despite the fact that the former systems contained a higher solid fat content than the latter. The degree of secondary crystallization increased with increasing shear rate. Nevertheless, the polymorphic behavior of cocoa butter crystals resembled the behavior observed under static isothermal crystallization conditions. At the SSHE output, systems of either blend contained a mixture of β′ and β crystals. During storage, β′ converted to β in both blends, although it did so to a higher extent in the CB/CO systems. Crystal ripening, observed in the CB/CO blend, provided stability to the systems during storage. In contrast, the CB/SO system increased its hardness by a slow sintering process. The polymorphism and hardness evolution in the blends under study were found to be associated with the molecular compatibility of the triacylglycerols in the cocoa butter and the vegetable oils tested.
Prehospital ultrasound as the evolution of the Franco-German model of prehospital EMS
Authors: Garrone Marco 
Published: July 2011

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate, throughout model analysis and evaluation of existing literature and personal experience, which can be the benefits of routine performance of prehospital ultrasound in the different models of prehospital emergency medical service.MethodsThe existing literature was reviewed.ConclusionsThe ultrasound can be a very valuable asset in both the Anglo-American and the Franco-German models. In the latter, however, its role is further emphasized since US-enhanced on-spot early diagnosis performed by the physician can be beneficial to the whole system and not just the single patient.