bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomedical Informatics Publications: a Global Perspective
Authors: Garcia-Remesal M. , Bielza C. , Crespo J. , Perez-Rey D. , Kulikowski C. , Maojo V. 
Published: February 2012

SummaryBackground: Biomedical Informatics (BMI) is a broad discipline, having evolved from both Medical Informatics (MI) and Bioinformatics (BI). An analysis of publications in the field-should provide an indication about the geographic distribution of BMI research contributions and possible lessons for the future, both for research and professional practice.Objectives: In part I of our analysis of biomedical informatics publications we presented results from BMI conferences. In this second part, we analyse BMI journals, which provide a broader perspective and comparison between data from conferences and journals that ought to confirm or suggest alternatives to the original distributional findings from the conferences.Methods: We manually collected data about authors and their geographical origin from various MI journals: the International Journal of Medical Informatics (IJMI), the Journal of Biomedical Informatics (JBI), Methods of In-formation in Medicine (MIM) and The Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association (JAMIA). Focusing on first authors, we also compared these findings with data from the journal Bioinformatics.Results: Our results confirm those obtained in our analysis of BMI conferences – that local and regional authors favor their corresponding MI journals just as they do their conferences. Consideration of other factors, such as the increasingly open source nature of data and software tools, is consistent with these findingsConclusions: Our analysis suggests various indicators that could lead to further, deeper analyses, and could provide additional insights for future BMI research and professional activities.
Les villes transformées par la santé, XVIII e -XX e siècles
Authors: Barles Sabine 
Published: February 2012

Résumé Ville et santé, urbanisme et médecine, sont historiquement intimement liés. Au XVIII e siècle en effet, le néo-hippocratisme voit dans le milieu la cause de la plupart des maladies ; s’y ajoute la crainte de la corruption de l’air par la respiration. Un consensus en émerge selon lequel il faut changer la ville, projet qui sera mis en œuvre au XIX e siècle par les ingénieurs et les hygiénistes. Cependant, la médecine s’éloigne progressivement de l’environnement urbain qu’elle ne reconsidère que dans le dernier tiers du XX e siècle.
Archives d'une prise de parole. Les écritures du sida
Authors: Artières Philippe 
Published: February 2012

Résumé La pandémie à VIH est un événement total. De par son ampleur, ses modes de transmission, son impact sur notre sexualité, les groupes touchés, elle a été l’occasion d’une véritable problématisation dans nos sociétés contemporaines. Cet événement à la fois intime et social, touchant à des dimensions souvent taboues, a ainsi été accompagné par une énorme production discursive (biologique, médicale, sociologique, journalistique, politique, artistique, etc.). Il a été aussi l’occasion d’une prise d’écriture inédite, témoignage de l’expérience de la maladie. À travers ces écrits, un « nous » s’affirme, véritable éruption d’une force politique.
The role of life friendly policies on employees' work-life balance
Authors: Yuile Colleen , Chang Artemis , Gudmundsson Amanda , Sawang Sukanlaya 
Published: February 2012

AbstractAn employee's inability to balance work and non-work related responsibilities has resulted in an increase in stress related illnesses. Historically, research into the relationship between work and non-work has primarily focused on work/family conflict, predominately investigating the impact of this conflict on parents, usually mothers. To date research has not sufficiently examined the management practices that enable all ‘individuals’ to achieve a ‘balance’ between work and life. This study explores the relationship between contemporary life friendly, HR management policies and work/life balance for individuals as well as the effect of managerial support to the policies. Self-report questionnaire data from 1241 men and women is analysed and discussed to enable organizations to consider the use of life friendly policies and thus create a convergence between the well-being of employees and the effectiveness of the organization.
Strategic approaches in Australian SMEs: Deliberate or emergent?
Authors: Wiesner Retha , Millett Bruce 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to determine whether Australian SMEs could be characterised as ‘deliberate’ or ‘emergent’ in their strategic approaches. More specifically, surveying 1230 Australian SMEs, this paper focuses on answers to the following questions: What is the nature and prevalence of strategic practices in Australian SMEs? and to what extent does firm size differentiate the patterning and prevalence of strategic practices? The findings add to the little empirical research showing the principal activities and tools that comprise the strategic practices undertaken in Australian SMEs. Overall, and in both small and medium enterprises respectively, strategic thinking and action seem to be undertaken with the use of a framework of a written business plan which is in line with the ‘deliberate’ approach; however few sophisticated strategy making techniques were employed. Researchers and practitioners may find it valuable to develop tools that will naturally suit SME firms so that these tools can be of more value. Academics and tertiary institutions will be well advised to develop strategic management courses which also specifically focus on more emergent approaches designed for smaller firms including specially developed techniques and tools that are less time-consuming and expensive to use and more suited to smaller firms. This would enable SMEs to expand the range of strategy making tools they employ.
The Effects of Music Instruction on Cognitive Development and Reading Skills—An Overview
Authors: Bugaj Katarzyna , Brenner Brenda 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Research suggests that music study may have an impact on cognitive development and reading readiness skills (Barwick, Valentine, West, and Wilding, 1989; Douglas and Willatts, 1994; Saffran, Johnson, Aslin, and Newport, 1999; Butzlaff, 2000). There are a number of similarities between learning to read language and music. Music and written text both require the reading of notation from left to right, and conversion of notation into a specific sound (Butzlaff, 2000). More important, the auditory analysis skills used in language processing (phonological distinctions, blending and segmentation of sounds) are similar to the skills necessary for music perception of rhythmic (Lamb and Gregory, 1993; Lipscomb, Lundell, Sevett, and Scripp, 2008), harmonic, and melodic discrimination (Anvari, Trainor, Woodside, and Levy, 2002; Barwick et al., 1989; Lamb and Gregory, 1993). This review of literature will focus on music instruction's effect on cognitive performance, spatial-temporal development, and the development of reading skills and phonemic awareness. While describing five successful arts-enhanced curricula in practice, this review of literature will also briefly discuss the problems of instruction for the sake of research as well as the difficulties of research studies within the context of long-term curricular programs.
A Review of Research on Practicing: Summary and Synthesis of the Extant Research with Implications for a New Theoretical Orientation
Authors: Miksza Peter 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
This paper provides a summary and synthesis of the extant research related to music practicing as well as a preliminary presentation of an original instructional theory of practicing. The 119 studies reviewed in this paper are organized according to four central questions about practicing that research has begun to inform: (a) What do individuals do when they practice music? (b) How have researchers intervened with individuals’ practice? (c) What individual difference variables interact with why and how musicians practice? and (d) How is self-regulated learning relevant to practicing? Figures summarizing the essential methodological components of selected studies from each category are included. An instructional theory is presented as opposed to a descriptive theory in an attempt to more closely align research and teaching efforts. The instructional theory that is proposed makes considerations for theoretical frameworks employed in previous research. The following components of the practice process in regards to both student’s and teacher’s influence are included in the new theory: choice, intentionality, action, achievement outcome, and rest and recovery.
Early Reconstruction of Orbital Roof Fractures: Clinical Features and Treatment Outcomes
Authors: Kim Jin Woo , Bae Tae Hui , Kim Woo Seob , Kim Han Koo 
Published: February 2012

Background Orbital roof fractures are frequently associated with a high energy impact to the craniofacial region, and displaced orbital roof fractures can cause ophthalmic and neurologic complications and occasionally require open surgical intervention. The purpose of this article was to investigate the clinical features and treatment outcomes of orbital root fractures combined with neurologic injuries after early reconstruction.
Methods Between January 2006 and December 2008, 45 patients with orbital roof fractures were admitted; among them, 37 patients were treated conservatively and 8 patients underwent early surgical intervention for orbital roof fractures. The type of injuries that caused the fractures, patient characteristics, associated fractures, ocular and neurological injuries, patient management, and treatment outcomes were investigated.
Results The patients underwent frontal craniotomy and free bone fragment removal, their orbital roofs were reconstructed with titanium micromesh, and associated fractures were repaired. The mean follow up period was 11 months. There were no postoperative neurologic sequelae. Postoperative computed tomography scans showed anatomically reconstructed orbital roofs. Two of the five patients with traumatic optic neuropathy achieved full visual acuity recovery, one patient showed decreased visual acuity, and the other two patients completely lost their vision due to traumatic optic neuropathy. Preoperative ophthalmic symptoms, such as proptosis, diplopia, upper eyelid ptosis, and enophthalmos were corrected.
Conclusions Early recognition and treatment of orbital roof fractures can reduce intracranial and ocular complications. A coronal flap with frontal craniotomy and orbital roof reconstruction using titanium mesh provides a versatile method and provides good functional and cosmetic results.
Immediate Debridement and Reconstruction with a Pectoralis Major Muscle Flap for Poststernotomy Mediastinitis
Authors: Jang Yu Jin , Park Myong Chul , Park Dong Ha , Lim Hyoseob , Kim Joo Hyoung , Lee Il Jae 
Published: February 2012

Background Poststernotomy mediastinitis is a rare, but life-threatening complication, thus early diagnosis and proper management is essential for poststernotomy mediastinitis. The main treatment for mediastinitis is aggressive debridement. Several options exist for reconstruction of defects after debridement. The efficacy of immediate debridement and reconstruction with a pectoralis major muscle flap designed for the defect immediately after the diagnosis of poststernotomy mediastinitis is demonstrated.
Methods Between September 2009 and June 2011, 6 patients were referred to the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery of Ajou University Hospital for poststernotomy mediastinitis. All of the patients underwent extensive debridement and reconstruction with pectoralis major muscle flaps, advanced based on the pedicle of the thoracoacromial artery as soon as possible following diagnosis. A retrospective review of the 6 cases was performed to evaluate infection control, postoperative morbidity, and mortality.
Results All patients had complete wound closures and reduced severity of infections based on the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein levels and a reduction in poststernal fluid collection on computed tomography an average of 6 days postoperatively. A lack of growth of organisms in the wound culture was demonstrated after 3 weeks. There were no major wound morbidities, such as hematomas, but one minor complication required a skin graft caused by skin flap necrosis. No patient expired after definitive surgery.
Conclusions Immediate debridement and reconstruction using a pectoralis major muscle flap is a safe technique for managing infections associated with poststernotomy mediastinitis, and is associated with minimal morbidity and mortality.
Analysis of Gene Expression and Gene Silencing in Human Macrophages
Authors: Martinez Fernando O. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThis unit describes how to execute a gene expression study with human macrophages. It includes protocols for human macrophage preparation, RNA extraction, real‐time PCR analysis, and microarray analysis. The unit also includes a protocol for gene silencing in human macrophages. Altering gene expression can be useful to study the contribution of the gene to macrophage function or even expression of other genes. Curr. Protoc. Immunol. 96:14.28.1‐14.28.23. © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Nematic Phases in 1,2,4‐Oxadiazole‐Based Bent‐Core Liquid Crystals: Is There a Ferroelectric Switching?
Authors: Shanker Govindaswamy , Nagaraj Mamatha , Kocot Antoni , Vij Jagdish K. , Prehm Marko , Tschierske Carsten 
Published: February 2012

AbstractFour series of new 1,2,4‐oxadiazole derived bent‐core liquid crystals incorporating one or two cyclohexane rings are synthesized and investigated by optical polarizing microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), electro‐optical, and dielectric investigations. All the compounds exhibit wide ranges of nematic phases composed of tilted smectic (SmC‐type) cybotactic clusters with strongly tilted aromatic cores (40–57°) and show a distinct peak in the current curves observed under a triangular wave field. Dielectric spectroscopy of aligned samples corroborates the previously proposed polar structure of the cybotactic clusters and the ferroelectric‐like polar switching of these nematic phases. Hence, it is shown that this is a general feature of the nematic phases of structurally different 3,5‐diphenyl‐1,2,4‐oxadiazole derivatives. In these uniaxial nematic phases there is appreciable local biaxiality and polar order in the cybotactic clusters. As a second point it is shown that electric field induced fan‐like textures, as often observed for the nematic phases of bent‐core liquid crystals, do not indicate the formation of a smectic phase, rather they represent special electro‐convection patterns due to hydrodynamic instabilities.
Occurrence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia in a patient with Noonan syndrome carrying the germline PTPN11 mutation p.E139D
Authors: Pauli Silke , Steinemann Doris , Dittmann Kai , Wienands Jürgen , Shoukier Moneef , Möschner Marita , Burfeind Peter , Manukjan Georgi , Göhring Gudrun , Escherich Gabriele 
Published: February 2012

AbstractNoonan syndrome (NS) is a common autosomal dominant condition characterized by short stature, congenital heart defects, and dysmorphic facial features caused in approximately 50% of cases by missense mutations in the PTPN11 gene. NS patients are predisposed to malignancies including myeloproliferative disorders or leukemias. We report a female NS patient carrying a PTPN11 germline mutation c.417 G > C (p.E139D), who developed in her second year of life an acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and after remission, she developed at 4 years of age a juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML). Molecular genetic analysis of lymphoblastic blasts at the time of the ALL diagnosis revealed the germline mutation in a heterozygous state, while in the myelomonocytic blasts occurring with JMML diagnosis, the mutation p.E139D was found in a homozygous state due to a uniparental disomy (UPD). These findings lead to the suggestion that the pathogenesis of ALL and JMML in our patient is due to different mechanisms including somatically acquired secondary chromosomal abnormalities. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Call for change in prenatal counseling for Down syndrome
Authors: McCabe Linda L. , McCabe Edward R.B. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A is to be congratulated for taking a leadership role by publishing a number of papers challenging the status quo of prenatal counseling for Down syndrome and of care for children and adults with Down syndrome. Parents want to know about the future abilities and potential of their fetus with Down syndrome, not simply negative medical information that may be outdated. Those providing counseling and those providing medical care could benefit from contact with individuals with Down syndrome outside the medical context. It is imperative that each person with Down syndrome be viewed as a unique individual with particular talents. Medical care providers should work with parents to help the child or adult with Down syndrome reach his/her goals. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Use and non‐use of genetic counseling after diagnosis of a birth defect
Authors: Glynn Anne , Saya Sibel , Halliday Jane 
Published: February 2012

AbstractWe examined factors and experiences associated with parents' use or non‐use of genetic counseling services within 5 years of the diagnosis of a birth defect in their child. Eligible parents were identified using birth defects data for births in 2004 in Victoria, Australia, and invited to complete a written questionnaire and optional telephone interview. Participants were asked about sources of genetic information, experiences and satisfaction with obtaining this information, and impressions of genetic services. Reasons given for not attending genetic counseling services included not knowing the service was available, or not feeling a need to attend. Non‐users commonly stated they would not consider termination of pregnancy for the type of birth defect experienced or that they obtained information from other sources, such as pediatricians. This study indicates that parents, whose child has been diagnosed with a birth defect, could benefit from being informed about available genetic counseling services. The results show that some non‐users of genetics services may have misconceptions about the purpose of genetic counseling and correcting these may increase utilization. This is important in order to ensure all parents receive sufficient information and support after diagnosis of a birth defect in their child. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Poly(vinyl alcohol)‐based MWCNT hydrogel for lead ion removal from contaminated water
Authors: Abraham Thomas N. , Kumar Rajesh , Misra R. K. , Jain S. K. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIn this article, we are discussing the synthesis and characterization of poly(vinyl alcohol)‐based multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) hydrogels and its evaluation studies for toxic metal ion removal. The functionalized MWCNT serves the purpose of toxic ion adsorbent and PVA is functioning as the substrate for the stable dispersion of MWCNT. We have carried out the evaluation studies using lead ions Pb(II) in batch experimental mode. The percentage removal of Pb(II) was examined by varying experimental conditions viz. dosage of adsorbent, pH of the solutions, and contact time. It was found that 80% removal was achieved under optimal conditions. This adsorption potential is found to be far better than that of simply dispersing MWCNT in water. The equilibrium adsorption follows the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model. After Pb(II) adsorption, the ions were easily desorbed using a high pH solution, completely regenerating for further removal process. This novel approach of dispersing MWCNT in hydrogel and their re‐use after desorption is expected to have promising outcome in the water purification application. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Role of colloidal polymer associates for the effectiveness of hydroxyethyl cellulose as a fluid loss control additive in oil well cement
Authors: Bülichen Daniel , Plank Johann 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe working mechanism of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) as a fluid loss additive in oil well cement was investigated. The specific anionic charge amount, intrinsic viscosity, and associative behavior in a cement pore solution were determined. The fluid loss performance was probed through the static filtration of cement slurries. HEC achieves fluid loss control by reducing cement filtercake permeability. No influence on the filtercake microstructure was observed. ζ Potential measurements and a special filtration test indicated that no adsorption on cement occurred. Environmental scanning electron microscopy images revealed that in a wet environment, HEC swelled to a multiple of its size and possessed an enormous water‐sorption capacity. Concentration‐dependent measurements of the hydrodynamic diameter of HEC dissolved in a cement pore solution showed that large associates were formed. These colloidal associates physically obstructed the filtercake pores. Finally, the addition of sulfonated melamine formaldehyde dispersant to the cement slurries containing HEC greatly improved the fluid loss control. A specific interaction was responsible for this synergistic effect. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Enantioselective Syntheses of Rigidiusculamides A and B: Revision of the Relative Stereochemistry of Rigidiusculamide A
Authors: Chen Gui‐Yang , Huang Huang , Ye Jian‐Liang , Wang Ai‐E , Huang Hui‐Ying , Zhang Hong‐Kui , Huang Pei‐Qiang 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe first enantioselective synthesis of cytotoxic natural products rigidiusculamides A (ent‐21) and B (8) has been achieved by two synthetic routes. The first one is convergent based on the common intermediate 11, obtained through a high yielding SmI2‐mediated Reformatsky‐type reaction. A highly diastereoselective one‐pot Dess–Martin periodinane‐mediated bis‐oxidation allowed the direct conversion of the diastereomeric mixture of 11 into rigidiusculamide B (8). Isolation of minor diastereomer 21, in combination with computational work, allowed us to suggest the structure of the natural rigidiusculamide A to be 21, as synthesized by the second route. Four diastereomers (7, 7, 22a, and 22b) and an enantiomer (21) of rigidiusculamide A (21) have been synthesized. On the basis of literature precedents and computational work, a biosynthetic pathway for rigidiusculamides A and B was proposed to account for the opposite configuration at C‐5 of those two congeners.