bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quaternary records of pika, Ochotona, in North America
Authors: MEAD JIM I. 
Published: July 2010

Mead, Jim I. 1987 06 01: Quaternary records of pika, Ochotona, in North America. Boreas, Vol. 16, pp. 165–171. Oslo. ISSN 0300–9483.Pika (Lagomorpha: Ochotona) have lived in North America since the Hemphillian land mammal age (late Pliocene). At least three species, O. whartoni (extinct giant pika), O. princeps (the living species), and unidentified large and small forms, lived in North America during the Quaternary. Forty‐six localities of Quaternary‐age pika are recorded. Many localities are actually site clusters, where packrat (Rodentia: Neotoma) middens or stratified sediments record pika fossils of many ages. Packrat middens in the arid west have provided pika dung pellets directly associated with plant macrofossils. Individual dung pellets provide direct radiocarbon dates and microhistological remains permit dietary reconstructions. Pika lived in northeastern portions of the continent during the Illinoian glacial age and possibly earlier. During the Wisconsinan glacial period, pika stayed in the mountainous west, but an exception exists. It is proposed that pika were not restricted to rocky/talus slopes during the Pleistocene, as is the living species in North America, and therefore should not be used as an indicator of ecological niche. Equable climates (cooler summers) may have been all that was needed for pika to migrate to new territories, areas without talus.
Insect traces from nonmarine ephemeral puddles
Authors: METZ ROBERT 
Published: July 2010

Metz, Robert 1987 06 01: Insect traces from nonmarine ephemeral puddles. Boreas, Vol. 16, pp. 189–195. Oslo. ISSN 0300–9483.Field observations of nonmarine clay‐lined ephemeral puddles have revealed numerous exogenic traces formed by a variety of insects. Most of these traces are described here for the first time. A number of different insects produced similar appearing traces. Relatively rapid drying of the shallow puddles often traps the insect, so that the trace and its maker are initially well preserved. This dessication process, in contrast to many lakes, streams and ponds having deeper water conditions, offers high potential for the exogenic trace to be preserved as a trace fossil. Trace fossil forms similar to those documented for ephemeral puddles include Gordia, Cochlichnus, Lithographus, Helminthopis and Isopodichnus. Ephemeral puddles should be considered a prime candidate for the origin of many of the trace fossils found in ancient nonmarine sedimentary rocks.
Pre‐Younger Dryas resurgence of the southwestern margin of the Cordilleran ice sheet, British Columbia, Canada
Authors: CLAGUE JOHN J. , MATHEWES R. W. , GUILBAULT J.‐P. , HUTCHINSON I. , RICKETTS B. D. 
Published: July 2010

Clague, J. J., Mathewes, R. W., Guilbault, J.‐P., Hutchinson, I. & Ricketts, B. D. 1997 (September): Pre‐Younger Dryas resurgence of the southwestern margin of the Cordilleran ice sheet, British Columbia, Canada. Boreas, Vol. 26, pp. 261–278. Oslo. ISSN 0300–9483.A lobe of the Cordilleran ice sheet readvanced into the central Fvaser Lowland, southwestern British Columbia, Canada, on at least two occasions near the end of the last glaciation. This ice also flowed into the previously deglaciated, lower reaches of mountain valleys adjacent to the Fraser Lowland and into Washington state. The first of these advances occurred before about 11900 BP and ended with glacier retreat and the establishment of lodgepole pine forest on newly deglaciated terrain. Parts of this forest were overridden by ice during a second advance, shortly after 11300 BP. The younger advance is most likely older than the Younger Dryas Chronozone (11000–10000 BP) and may correlate with an intra‐Allerad cooling event (the Killarney‐Gerzensee oscillation). The older advance may have occurred during the Oldest Dryas or Older Dryas cold period. Non‐climatic factors could also be involved, as emergence of the Fraser Lowland before the older advance greatly reduced or eliminated calving at the glacier margin and thus altered the mass balance of the ice lobe.
Metamorphic history of a syn‐convergent orogen‐parallel detachment: The South Tibetan detachment system, Bhutan Himalaya
Authors: KELLETT D. A. , GRUJIC D. , WARREN C. , COTTLE J. , JAMIESON R. , TENZIN T. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe South Tibetan detachment system (STDS) in the Himalayan orogen is an example of normal‐sense displacement on an orogen‐parallel shear zone during lithospheric contraction. Here, in situ monazite U(–Th)–Pb geochronology is combined with metamorphic pressure and temperature estimates to constrain pressure–temperature–time (P–T–t) paths for both the hangingwall and footwall rocks of a Miocene ductile component of the STDS (outer STDS) now exposed in the eastern Himalaya. The outer STDS is located south of a younger, ductile/brittle component of the STDS (inner STDS), and is characterized by structurally upward decreasing metamorphic grade corresponding to a transition from sillimanite‐bearing Greater Himalayan sequence rocks in the footwall with garnet that preserves diffusive chemical zoning to staurolite‐bearing Chekha Group rocks in the hangingwall, with garnet that records prograde chemical zoning. Monazite ages indicate that prograde garnet growth in the footwall occurred prior to partial melting at 22.6 ± 0.4 Ma, and that peak temperatures were reached following c. 20.5 Ma. In contrast, peak temperatures were reached in the Chekha Group hangingwall by c. 22 Ma. Normal‐sense (top‐to‐the‐north) shearing in both the hangingwall and footwall followed peak metamorphism from c. 23 Ma until at least c. 16 Ma. Retrograde P–T–t paths are compatible with modelled P–T–t paths for an outer STDS analogue that is isolated from the inner STDS by intervening extrusion of a dome of mid‐crustal material.
Implantation of the Total Artificial Heart by Lateral Thoracotomy
Authors: Olsen D. B. , Fukumasu H. , Kolff J. , Nakagaki M. , Finch L. R. , Kolff W. J. 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTProgress in the techniques for surgical implantation of the artificial heart has progressed in parallel with the technology and design of the prosthesis. In the author's first experience with total artificial heart (TAH) implantation (1968) a trans‐sternal split was used opening the sixth intercostal space on the right side across the sternum to the left space. This obviously was not the optimum approach but the complexity, design and size of the prosthesis required maximum exposure of the atria and great vessels. Subsequently the mid‐sternal split incision was used. The Dacron fibril* coated silicone rubber 8 cm Kwan‐Gett ventricles implanted by the mid‐sternal split sustained a calf for 14 days in 1972. A calf with the improved Jarvik 3 ventricles fabricated with the same material and implanted via mid‐sternal split survived 19 days in early 1973. The surgical techniques for lateral (right) thoracotomy were adopted in this laboratory in 1973. These techniques were applicable only when the prostheses fit better in the chest. This procedure has been adopted by other laboratories replacing the natural heart of the calf with a TAH.This report describes in detail the stepwise procedure for implantation of the total artificial heart by a lateral thoracotomy in the calf.
Sorbent Regeneration of Ultrafiltrate as a Long‐Term Treatment of End‐Stage Renal Failure
Authors: Shaldon S. , Beau M. C. , Claret G. , Deschodt G. , Mion H. , Oules R. , Ramperez P. , Mion C. 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTA sorbent system (Redy® D 11 cartridge) capable of on‐line regeneration of ultrafiltrate during hemofiltration (Amicon 0.5 m2) has been developed and applied on a 3 × 4 hr/week schedule to three patients with end‐stage renal failure previously treated for up to six months with hemodialysis. Total experience, to date, is sixteen patient months (three to seven months). Tolerance to fluid removal improved with the new system. Patient well‐being and rehabilitation have been maintained. The system offers the potential of hemofiltration without sterile replacement fluid or expensive fluid‐balancing machines.
Adsorptive Capacities of Hemoperfusion Devices in Clinical Use
Authors: Hampel Gerhardt , Widdop Brian , Goulding Roy 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTFive different hemoperfusion devices have been used in the treatment of patients intoxicated with barbiturates. The changes in drug clearance values which occurred during hemoperfusion varied according to the device used. Even after very long periods of hemoperfusion, however, drug clearance values never fell to zero. Using data collected from comparable cases, it has been shown that the rate of uptake of drug from the blood is independent of the amount of adsorbent in the columns, those containing 100 gm charcoal having the same efficiency as the conventional 300 gm. The prime factor which determines the rate of drug uptake has been shown to be the arterial plasma drug concentrations. Other factors, such as the deposition of cellular debris and proteins as hemoperfusion progresses, are also thought to influence the efficiency of drug removal.
Influence of Hemoperfusion on the Concentrations of Calcitonin, Testosterone and Cortisol in Blood Plasma
Authors: Kokot Franciszek , Nieszporek Teresa 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTThe influence of hemoperfusion with a cellulose‐acetate‐coated charcoal column (Adsorbao 300‐C, Gambro, Lund, Sweden) on plasma concentrations of calcitonin, testosterone and cortisol was studied in five psoriatic patients during 12 treatment periods.Calcitonin, testosterone and cortisol were effectively removed from blood plasma by the charcoal column with average plasma clearances of 34.0,14.5 and 27.6 ml/min, respectively, at 30 minutes of hemoperfusion, and 4.9, 15.4 and 24.4 ml/min, respectively, at 180 minutes of hemoperfusion. After three hours of hemoperfusion, significant decreases of testosterone and cortisol were found in peripheral venous blood, while calcitonin fell insignificantly. It remains to be elucidated whether long‐term use of hemoperfusion would require a detailed control of possible effects on the endocrine status of patients.
Elimination of Low Molecular Weight Proteins During Hemofiltration
Authors: Röckel A. , Gilge U. , Liewald A. , Heidland A. 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTIn patients on regular dialysis treatment, uremic symptoms (anemia, osteopathy, myopathy, neuropathy, and disorders of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism) may be partly due to an accumulation of low molecular weight (MW) proteins (10,000 to 60,000 daltons). We tested this hypothesis using membranes with a higher permeability than conventional Cuprophan membranes. The primary aim of the study was to test the cutoff of various hemofilters (Cuprophan [Highflux], polyamide [FH 20], cellulose acetate [Duof lux], and polyacry‐lonitrile [Hospal RP 7 + 8 and Asahi PAN]) under in vivo conditions. In addition the effects of hemofiltration on plasma low molecular weight protein concentrations, polyneuropathy, and autonomic insufficiency were also tested in a long‐term (six‐month) study using the membrane with the highest cutoff and most constant sieving coefficient, i.e., Highflux.Low MW proteins with a defined MW were used as marker substances. Sieving coefficients of β2‐microglobulin, lysozyme, retinol‐binding protein, α1‐glycoprotein, α1‐antitrypsin, prealbumin, albumin, and transferrin were determined during a four‐hour hemofiltration (20 L ultrafiltrate). Proteins were analyzed using an immunodiffusion technique. In the long‐term study, motor nerve conduction velocity, the Schellong test, and Valsalva maneuver were tested prior to and three and six months after hemofiltration therapy.Highflux, Duoflux, and FH 202 membranes were permeable to proteins with molecular weights up to 15,000 daltons, and the Highflux module had the most constant sieving coefficient during hemofiltration. In the six‐month hemofiltration study with the Highflux filter, plasma β2‐microglobulin and lysozyme decreased significantly as expected. Parameters of polyneuropathy and autonomic insufficiency were slightly improved.
Low Molecular Weight Heparin as an Alternative to Unfractionated Heparin in the Immediate Postoperative Period After Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation
Authors: Sandner Sigrid E. , Zimpfer Daniel , Zrunek Philipp , Steinlechner Barbara , Rajek Angela , Schima Heinrich , Wolner Ernst , Wieselthaler Georg M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWe present a regimen for anticoagulation in the immediate postoperative period after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation using low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) as an alternative to unfractionated heparin. Between May and September 2007, eight consecutive patients undergoing LVAD implantation for advanced heart failure received the LMWH nadroparin. Nadroparin was given twice daily to achieve anti‐Factor Xa activity target peak levels of 0.4 ± 0.1 U/mL. The antiplatelet therapy consisted of aspirin (100 mg/day) and dipyridamole (3 × 75 mg/day). One patient underwent heart transplantation, three patients died, and four patients continued to receive device support. The median duration of support was 78 days (range, 46 to 174). No major bleeding was observed; minor bleeding occurred in three patients. In two patients, pump thrombosis was suspected. There were two ischemic and no hemorrhagic strokes. The use of LMWH may provide a new anticoagulation treatment option in the immediate postoperative period after LVAD implantation.
Ultrasound Image and Augmented Reality Guidance for Off‐pump, Closed, Beating, Intracardiac Surgery
Authors: Bainbridge Daniel , Jones Douglas L. , Guiraudon Gerard M. , Peters Terrence M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractOur project is the reintroduction of off‐pump intracardiac surgery using the Universal Cardiac Introducer (UCI) for safe intracardiac access. The purpose of this study was to evaluate multimodality visualization using three ultrasound modalities and ultrasound augmented with virtual reality. Image guidance was tested on implanting a mitral valve prosthesis via the UCI in 12 pigs. Initially, two‐dimensional (2‐D) transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) ultrasound, intravascular ultrasound (intracardiac echocardiography [ICE]), and three‐dimensional (3‐D) epicardial ultrasound were utilized. Ultrasound augmented with virtual reality was used in the last three experiments. A 2‐D TEE assisted navigating the prosthesis into the orifice. Positioning was not intuitive and required trial and error method. A 3‐D epicardial ultrasound allowed positioning of the valve into the orifice. Positioning of the clip was difficult because of artifacts with multiple reflections and shadowing. Augmented reality displayed the entire prosthesis and the tools without artifacts; provided intuitive information on navigation, positioning, and orientation of tools; and improved significantly image guidance and surgical skill. Augmented virtual reality, with tracked 2‐D or 3‐D ultrasound imaging, provides guidance that can effectively substitute for direct vision during beating heart intracardiac surgery.
Surgical Treatment of Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy in Pediatric Patients With Severe Hypertrophy
Authors: Borisov Konstantin V. , Bockeria Leo A. , Sinyov Alexei F. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWe have undertaken a study over a period of 5 years on 35 hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) patients with severe hypertrophy in the age range between 8 and 15 years. The indication for surgery was based on the diagnosis of severe myocardial hypertrophy in association with serious cardiac failure (New York Heart Association class III or IV) or elevated intraventricular pressure gradients refractory to medical therapy. Furthermore, patients were considered for operation if they met a history of sudden death within their families. A new technique of HOCM surgical correction in pediatric patients with severe hypertrophy was proposed. Conceptually, this approach offers a number of advantages: it affords the excision of the asymmetrically hypertrophied area of the ventricular septum without penetration into the left ventricle cavity; it avoids mechanical damage to the heart conduction system and aortic valve; and for the surgeon, it improves visual inspection of the area to be resected. Here, we describe the disease history of 35 patients, their diagnostic evaluations, the surgical procedure, and the postoperational observations as well as the results of follow‐up assessments. We state that the surgery was successful in all 35 cases. There were no early or late deaths. Acute postoperative pericarditis developed in three patients early after surgery. The follow‐up period was 38 ± 7 months, and complications were not observed so far.
Suppression of hyaluronan synthase 2 expression reflects the atrophogenic potential of glucocorticoids
Authors: Averbeck Marco , Gebhardt Carl , Anderegg Ulf , Simon Jan C. 
Published: July 2010

Please cite this paper as: Suppression of hyaluronan synthase 2 expression reflects the atrophogenic potential of glucocorticoids. Experimental Dermatology 2010; 19: 757–759.Abstract:  We recently demonstrated that dexamethasone, a strongly atrophogenic glucocorticoid (GC), downregulated hyaluronan (HA) production in human keratinocytes and fibroblasts in vitro and after topical application to human skin in vivo via suppression of hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2). To test whether HAS2 activity might discriminate the atrophogenic potential of other substances applied topically to skin, we compared the HA metabolism in cultured human fibroblasts following in vitro treatment with GCs and the non‐atrophogenic calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus. GCs suppressed HAS2 mRNA expression and decreased HA as shown by qRT‐PCR or ELISA. Tacrolimus did not affect hyaluronan‐metabolizing enzymes nor total HA. Neither mometasone nor tacrolimus affected the expression of collagen mRNAs in human fibroblasts. In conclusion, suppression of HAS2 activity may represent an early process of GC‐induced skin atrophy that precedes the suppression of collagens. Analysis of HAS2 regulation may thus be of value to assess the atrophogenic potential of drugs being developed.
Adrenal insufficiency after glucocorticoid withdrawal in children with rheumatic diseases
Authors: Huber Benedikt M , Bolt Isabel B , Sauvain Marie‐Josèphe , Flück Christa E 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAim:  Glucocorticoids (GCs) are often used for the treatment of rheumatic disorders. However, doses are prescribed, which may suppress the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. After GC withdrawal, recovery of the HPA axis may be delayed putting the patient at risk for adrenal insufficiency. We assessed adrenal function and factors influencing adrenal responsiveness after termination of GC therapy in paediatric patients with rheumatic diseases.Methods:  Nineteen patients aged 2–15 years were followed clinically, and adrenal function was tested by low‐dose adrenocorticotropic hormone test 1 month after GC withdrawal. In case of adrenal insufficiency by test, re‐assessment was performed after 6 and 18 months.Results:  No signs or symptoms of adrenal insufficiency occurred in any of the patients during and after GC withdrawal. Biochemical examination revealed adrenal insufficiency in 32% (6/19) at 4 weeks and in 11% (2/19) at 20 months after GC withdrawal.Conclusions:  In conclusion, current strategies to withdraw GC from paediatric patients with rheumatic diseases are safe. Routine adrenal function testing after GC therapy and withdrawal may not be needed considering the low risk but high number of patients treated with GCs. Nevertheless, awareness of the potential risk and information of patients and their caregivers are crucial to avoid adrenal crisis.
THE BOOK SHELF
Authors: Bailey Franklin C. 
Published: July 2010

Books reviewed in this article:1. Allen, Gina, and Clement G. Martin, M.D. Intimacy (subtitle, Sensitivity, Sex, and the Art of Love).2. Dreyfuss, Henry. Symbol Sourcebook.3. Fast, Julius. The New Sexual Fulfillment.4. Glasser, Wm., M.D. The Identity Society.5. Mindess, Harvey. Laughter and Liberation.6. Otto, Herbert A. (Ed.) The New Sexuality.7. Carpenter, Don. Getting Off.8. Doebler, C. H. Planning Your Child's Education.9. Gersh, Marvin J., M.D., Iris F. Litt, M.D. The Handbook of Adolescence.10. Schutz, William C. Hero Comes Everybody.
Microscopic detection of IgY‐Fc binding signal in the inner layers of ovarian follicular tissue in quail
Authors: KITAGUCHI Kohji , BAE Hae‐Duck , SASANAMI Tomohiro , KOBAYSHI Misato , HORIO Fumihiko , MURAI Atsushi 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTIn avian species, it has been assumed that an Fc receptor in the ovarian follicles mediates immunoglobulin Y (IgY) transport into the yolk. However, no such receptor responsible for IgY has been identified to date. To examine potential IgY binding activity in the entire ovarian follicle, whole‐mount sections of quail ovarian follicle were incubated with the Fc fragment of chicken IgY (cIgY). Whole‐mount frozen sections of the second largest ovarian follicle were prepared, and then the sections were incubated with digoxigenin‐labeled Fc or Fab fragments of cIgY. Microscopic observation revealed that incubation with the cIgY‐Fc fragment produced a binding signal in the inner layer of the ovarian follicular tissues, most likely in the granulosa cell layer. However, no such signal was detected when the sections were incubated with cIgY‐Fab. Coincubation of the ovarian sections with Alexa488‐labeled cIgY‐Fc and antiserum raised against ZP1, an envelope protein specifically localized in the perivitelline layer, demonstrated that the source of the Fc binding signals partly coincided with the perivitelline layer. In conclusion, our data suggest that potential IgY binding substances interacting with the Fc domain are present in the inner layers of ovarian follicular tissues, most likely in the granulosa cell layer and/or in the perivitelline layer.
The effect of modified roofing on the milk yield and reproductive performance of heat‐stressed dairy cows under hot‐humid conditions
Authors: KHONGDEE Sriapa , SRIPOON Somchai , CHOUSAWAI Somchai , HINCH Geoff , CHAIYABUTR Narongsak , MARKVICHITR Kanjana , VAJRABUKKA Chanvit 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTThe objective was to measure the effects of cooling techniques (shade cloth vs. normal roof) on performance and physiology of 16 Friesian crossbred cows (87.5% Holstein Friesian × 12.5% Brahman) located at Sakol Nakhon Livestock Research and Testing Station, Department of Livestock Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (Sakol Nakhon, Thailand). They were divided randomly into two groups of eight. The two groups were used to evaluate the effects of modified roofing (normal roof fitted with woven polypropylene shade cloth) on the subjects' milk yield and reproductive performance under hot humid conditions. Results indicated that the modified roofing offered a more efficient way to minimize heat stress than the normal roof. The difference was sufficient to enable the cows to have a significantly lower mean rectal temperature and respiration rate (38.56°C, 61.97 breaths/min) than that of the cows housed under normal roofing (39.86°C; 85.16 breaths/min). The cows housed under modified roofing produced more milk (P < 0.05) but did not differ significantly in reproductive performance from the cows housed under normal roofing.