bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient satisfaction and health‐related quality of life after autologous tissue breast reconstruction
Authors: Zhong Toni , McCarthy Colleen , Min Sandar , Zhang Jing , Beber Brett , Pusic Andrea L. , Hofer Stefan O. P. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:For this study, the authors evaluated early psychosocial adjustments and health‐related quality‐of‐life changes after breast reconstruction.METHODS:All consecutive patients who underwent breast reconstruction between June 2009 and November 2010 were asked to complete the BREAST‐Q, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Impact of Event Scale (IES) questionnaires before surgery and at 3 weeks and 3 months after surgery. A repeated‐measures design was used to compare scores between baseline and postoperative time points.RESULTS:Fifty‐one of 55 women completed the questionnaires (response rate, 93%). BREAST‐Q subscale scores (breast, sexual well being, and psychosocial well being) improved significantly (P < .05) postoperatively. The other subscale scores related to physical well being of the chest and abdomen dropped significantly 3 weeks after reconstruction; and, by 3 months after reconstruction, both scores improved significantly (P < .05). Large effect sizes for improvements in satisfaction, psychosocial well being, and sexual well being were observed (1.88, 1.2, and 1.31, respectively); whereas deterioration in the effect size for abdominal donor site was reported (−1.56). After adjusting for postoperative complications, there were statistically significant changes in BREAST‐Q subscale scores. Changes observed on the HADS and IES provided external validation of the findings obtained on the BREAST‐Q.CONCLUSIONS:The current results suggested that the gains in breast satisfaction, psychosocial well being, and sexual well being after patients undergo either free muscle‐sparing transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap reconstruction or deep inferior epigastric artery flap reconstruction are statistically significant and clinically meaningful to the patient as early as 3 weeks after surgery. However, these gains are accompanied by significant deterioration in physical well being of the abdominal donor site. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Optical Modulation of Amplified Emission in a Polyfluorene–Diarylethene Blend
Authors: Perissinotto Stefano , Garbugli Michele , Fazzi Daniele , Bertarelli Chiara , Carvelli Marco , Srimath Kandada Ajay R. , Yue Zhounan , Wong Kam S. , Lanzani Guglielmo 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA novel system for the modulation of amplified emission based on a polyfluorene/diarylethene (namely F8BT/DTP) blend is shown. The high sensitivity of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) is exploited to achieve efficient emission modulation with a low‐intensity control signal. Modulation is then characterized by photoluminescence (PL) lifetime measurements, photocurrent experiments, and density functional theory calculations. This system can also act as a photocurrent switch based on the same principle. This technique may represent a useful tool for fluorescence quenching and sensing as well as find application in organic photonics.
PCR‐based identification of eight lactobacillus species and 18 hr‐HPV genotypes in fixed cervical samples of south african women at risk of HIV and BV
Authors: Dols Joke A.M. , Reid Gregor , Kort Remco , Schuren Frank H.J. , Tempelman Hugo , Bontekoe Tj. Romke , Korporaal Hans , Van der Veer E.M. , Smit Pieter W. , Boon Mathilde E. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractVaginal lactobacilli assessed by PCR‐based microarray and PCR‐based genotyping of HPV in South African women at risk for HIV and BV.Vaginal lactobacilli can be defined by microarray techniques in fixed cervical samples of South African women. Cervical brush samples suspended in the coagulant fixative BoonFix of one hundred women attending a health centre for HIV testing in South Africa were available for this study. In the Ndlovu Medical Centre in Elandsdoorn, South Africa, identification of 18 hr‐HPV genotypes was done using the INNO‐LiPA method. An inventory of lactobacilli organisms was performed using microarray technology.On the basis of the Lactobacillus and Lactobacillus biofilm scoring, the cases were identified as Leiden bacterial vaginosis (BV) negative (BV‐; n = 41), Leiden BV intermediate (BV±; n = 25), and Leiden BV positive (BV+; n = 34).Fifty‐one women were HIV positive and 49 HIV negative. Out of the 51 HIV positive women, 35 were HPV infected. These 51 HIV positive women were frequently infected with HPV16 and HPV18. In addition, HPV35, HPV52, HPV33, and HPV66 were often detected in these samples. Lactobacillus salivarius and Lactobacillus iners were the most prevalent lactobacilli as established by the microarray technique. In women with HPV infection, the prevalence of Lactobacillus crispatus was significantly reduced. In both HIV and HPV infection, a similar (but not identical) shift in the composition of the lactobacillus flora was observed. We conclude that there is a shift in the composition of vaginal lactobacilli in HIV‐infected women. Because of the prominence of HPV35, HPV52, HPV33, and HPV66, vaccination for exclusively HPV16 and HPV18 might be insufficient in South African HIV+ women. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012;40:472–477. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The use of immunocytochemical study in the cytologic diagnosis of melanoma: Evaluation of three antibodies
Authors: Jing Xin , Michael Claire W. , Theoharis Constantine G.A. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThere are limited studies on the utility of immunostaining in cytologic specimens suspected of melanoma. In this study, we examined the performance of the most commonly used antibodies including monoclonal antibodies against Melan‐A (A103), S‐100, and HMB‐45 antigens. Immunostains were performed on formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded cell blocks prepared from 100 cytologic specimens. The specimens consisted of 57 melanomas and 43 nonmelanocytic neoplasms. Of 57 melanomas, 53 showed positive reaction to Melan‐A antibody while 51 and 41 revealed positive immunostaining for S‐100 and HMB‐45, respectively. Of 43 nonmelanocytic neoplasms, 10, 4, and 8 specimens stained positive with an antibody against S‐100, HMB‐45, and Melan‐A, respectively. However, the false‐positive immunostaining for Melan‐A was eliminated in seven of the eight specimens after applying the pretreatment with avidin/biotin blocking reagents. Overall, the highest sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) were achieved in Melan‐A antibody (93 and 90%) compared with antibodies to S‐100 (89 and 85%), and HMB‐45 (72 and 71%). Initially, an intermediate specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) were obtained for Melan‐A antibody (81 and 87%) that were greater than S‐100 (77 and 84%), and lower than HMB‐45 (91 and 91%). However, the aforementioned treatment with avidin/biotin blocking reagents improved both specificity (98%) and PPV (98%) for Melan‐A antibody. In conclusion, by blocking endogenous biotin, Melan‐A antibody offers the greatest performance. In terms of cost‐effectiveness, we suggested that Melan‐A antibody should be used as the first‐line antibody for detecting melanoma in the cytologic specimens. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fine needle aspiration biopsy of intraparotid spindle cell lipoma: A case report
Authors: D'Antonio Antonio , Baldi Carlo , Memoli Domenico , Caleo Alessia , Rosamilio Rosa , Zeppa Pio 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIntraparotid spindle cell lipoma (SCL) of the salivary gland is a rare entity. Review of the literature revealed only two previous reports describing its cytological features. We report a case of a 44‐year‐old man who complained for a slowly growing, asymptomatic mass in the left parotid gland that since 12 months. Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) showed a loose collections of bland‐appearing spindle cells in a myxoid background admixed with capillary fragments and some mature fat cells suggesting a diagnosis of SCL. A cytological diagnosis of mesenchymal myxoid spindle cell tumor with lipomatous differentiation, possibly an intraparotideal SCL was performed. Histological examination of the mass and the positive immunostaining for CD34 and negativity for S‐100, CK‐cocktail, and actin confirmed the diagnosis of SCL. The diagnosis of intraparotid SCL can be made by examining cytologic material containing mature fat with bland spindle cells in a myxoid background. FNAB diagnosis on SCL also allows to rule out other primary salivary gland tumors that may be clinically and instrumentally indistinguishable and thereby permits an appropriate surgical procedure to ensue. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Population‐specific demography and invasion potential in medfly
Authors: Diamantidis Alexandros D. , Carey James R. , Nakas Christos T. , Papadopoulos Nikos T. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBiological invasions are constantly gaining recognition as a significant component of global change. The Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly) constitutes an ideal model species for the study of biological invasions due to its (1) almost cosmopolitan geographic distribution, (2) huge economic importance, and (3) well‐documented invasion history. Under a common garden experimental set up, we tested the hypothesis that medfly populations obtained from six global regions [Africa (Kenya), Pacific (Hawaii), Central America (Guatemala), South America (Brazil), Extra–Mediterranean (Portugal), and Mediterranean (Greece)] have diverged in important immature life‐history traits such as preadult survival and developmental times. We also tested the hypothesis that medfly populations from the above regions exhibit different population growth rates. For this purpose, data on the life history of immatures were combined with adult survival and reproduction data derived from an earlier study in order to calculate population parameters for the above six populations. Our results clearly show that medfly populations worldwide exhibit significant differences in preadult survival, developmental rates of immatures and important population parameters such as the intrinsic rate of increase. Therefore, geographically isolated medfly populations may share different invasion potential, since population growth rates could influence basic population processes that operate mostly during the last two stages of an invasion event, such as establishment and spread. Our findings provide valuable information for designing population suppression measures and managing invasiveness of medfly populations worldwide.
The Interplay of Hydrogen Bonding and Multiple Metal Binding – A New Cyclic Polyaminopolyalcohol Ligand as Building Block for the Construction of Microporous, Supramolecular Networks
Authors: Merten Günter J. , Neis Christian , Stucky Stefan , Huch Volker , Rentschler Eva , Natter Harald , Hempelmann Rolf , Stöwe Klaus , Hegetschweiler Kaspar 
Published: October 2011

AbstractCyclohexane‐based polyaminopolyalcohols (PAPAs) such as 1,3‐diamino‐1,2,3‐trideoxy‐cis‐inositol (daci) have been prepared by hydrogenation of suitable aromatic precursors. The pentanuclear complex [Cu5(daci)4(H–2daci)2](SO4)3·18H2O (C3) revealed antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic interactions between the CuII centers with an S = 3/2 ground state. The microporous structure of C3 exhibited a dehydration/rehydration reaction with an entirely amorphous dehydrated phase at 150 °C and a completely reversible rehydration process at 30 °C. The potential of PAPA ligands for forming polynuclear complexes and supramolecular, hydrogen‐bonded networks is discussed.
Unique Type of BF2‐Capped Tetraoxobenzene π‐Complexes of “Cp*M”: Novel Organometallic Backbones for the Self‐Assembly of Porous Networks
Authors: Moussa Jamal , Damas Aurélie , Chamoreau Lise‐Marie , Rager Marie Noelle , Amouri Hani 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe synthesis of two novel organometallic π complexes of a BF2‐capped tetraoxobenzene (TOB) of the general formulae [Cp*M‐η6‐{BF2‐TOB‐BF2}] (M = Ir, 2a; M = Rh, 2b) is reported together with their molecular structures ascertained by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. Complexes 2a and 2b are isostructural and show the formation of 3D porous supramolecular networks. Interestingly the supramolecular networks arise from the zwitterionic nature of 2a and 2b. Indeed, the individual molecules self‐assemble through the teamwork of dipolar H···F hydrogen and C···F halogen bonds, which leads to the formation of 3D networks with empty channels. These complexes hold promise for the design of a new class of porous materials with useful properties.
A Highly Efficient Method for the Copper‐Catalyzed Selective Synthesis of Diaryl Chalcogenides from Easily Available Chalcogen Sources
Authors: Li Yaming , Nie Caiping , Wang Huifeng , Li Xiaoying , Verpoort Francis , Duan Chunying 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAn efficient protocol for copper‐catalyzed C–S or C–Se bond formation between aryl iodides and easily available chalcogen sources leading to diaryl chalcogenides is reported. A variety of symmetrical diaryl sulfides and diaryl selenides were synthesized in good to excellent yields. Unsymmetrical diaryl sulfides were also obtained in moderate yields from two different aryl iodides by a one‐pot tandem process. This strategy was further successfully utilized for the synthesis of 2‐phenylbenzo[b]thiophene and of [1]benzothieno[3,2‐b]benzothiophene.
Similar solution for three‐dimensional flow in an Oldroyd‐B fluid over a stretching surface
Authors: Hayat T. , Awais M. , Obaidat S. 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYThe present investigation deals with the three‐dimensional flow of an Oldroyd‐B fluid over a stretching surface. The governing equations for the three‐dimensional flow are developed. Similarity transformations are invoked for the conversion of nonlinear partial differential equations into the coupled system of ordinary differential equations. Computations for the series solution are presented through implementation of homotopy analysis method. The salient features of the involved parameters have been pointed out. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FIGHTING TRANSIENT EPIDEMICS—OPTIMAL VACCINATION SCHEDULES BEFORE AND AFTER AN OUTBREAK
Authors: Nævdal Eric 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYEpidemic diseases afflict all countries, and all epidemics are costly to society. The present paper examines optimal vaccination trajectories before and after an outbreak of a special class of epidemics where the disease normally eradicates itself. The focus is on epidemics where mortality may be ignored, influenza being the prime example. One important insight is that there may be increasing returns to scale in vaccination. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prognostic significance of postoperative wound infections after total laryngectomy
Authors: González–Márquez Rocío , Rodrigo Juan Pablo , Suárez Nieto Carlos 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackgroundIn oncologic surgery, the relationship between postoperative wound infections and prognosis remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to establish the prognostic significance of surgical wound infections in laryngectomized patients.MethodWe studied 129 consecutive patients with previously untreated laryngeal or hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent a total laryngectomy. Minimum follow‐up was 24 months.ResultsFifty‐seven patients (44%) developed a wound infection. Infections were more frequent in hypopharyngeal tumors (p < .001). Surgical wound infection was associated with a worse disease‐specific survival (p = .046), but this association was due to the hypopharyngeal subgroup of cases (p = .024). In multivariate analysis, the only parameters significantly associated with a worse disease‐specific survival in these cases were nodal extracapsular invasion (p < .001) and surgical wound infection (p = .02).ConclusionOur results suggest that the development of a postoperative wound infection is a poor prognostic sign in patients with advanced hypopharyngeal cancers surgically treated. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Fully 3‐dimensional digitally planned reconstruction of a mandible with a free vascularized fibula and immediate placement of an implant‐supported prosthetic construction
Authors: Schepers Rutger H. , Raghoebar Gerry M , Vissink Arjan , Lahoda Lars U. , Van der Meer W. Joerd , Roodenburg Jan L. , Reintsema Harry , Witjes Max J. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackgroundReconstruction of craniofacial defects becomes complex when dental implants are included for functional rehabilitation. We describe a fully 3‐dimensional (3D) digitally planned reconstruction of a mandible and immediate prosthetic loading with a fibula graft in a 2‐step surgical approach.MethodsA 54‐year‐old man had development of osteoradionecrosis of the mandible. The resection, cutting and implant placement in the fibula were virtually planned. Cutting/drilling guides were 3D printed, and the suprastructure was computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing milled.ResultsFor the first operation, the implants were inserted in the fibula, and the position was registered by an optical scanning technique that defined the final planning of the suprastructure. For the second operation, the osteoradionecrosis was resected, the fibula was harvested and, with the denture fixed on the preinserted implants, placed in the mandibula guided by the occlusion.ConclusionIt was possible to plan a mandibular reconstruction with immediate prosthetic loading completely by 3D virtual techniques. Head Neck, 2013
Fibula osteo‐adipofascial flap for mandibular and maxillary reconstruction
Authors: Smith Mark L. , Clarke–Pearson Emily , Dayan Joseph H. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe fibula free flap is a reliable method for reconstructing composite head and neck defects. However, its skin paddle has drawbacks, including its thickness, hair‐bearing surface, desquamation, difficulty insetting it into maxillary defects, and the potential need for skin‐grafting the donor site. The fibula osteo‐adipofascial flap (FOAFF) is a modification of the fibula flap that overcomes these problems.MethodsA retrospective study of 6 consecutive patients who underwent FOAFF reconstruction was evaluated for outcomes and complications.ResultsThe mean follow‐up was 22.6 months. All flaps survived, with complete oral mucosalization by 7 weeks. Four patients had dental implants placed at the time of reconstruction. Two patients received radiation therapy. Aside from loss of the labial sulcus in anterior maxillary reconstructions, complications were negligible.ConclusionThe FOAFF is useful for reconstructing defects requiring bone, soft tissue, and mucosal replacement without the disadvantages of the traditional fibula skin paddle. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Review of ecological-based risk management approaches used at five Army Superfund sites
Authors: Poucher Sherri L , Tracey Gregory A , Johnson Mark S , Haines Laurie B 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Factors used in environmental remedial decision making concerning ecological risk are not well understood or necessarily consistent. Recent Records of Decision (RODs) for Army CERCLA sites were reviewed to select case studies where remedial management occurred in response to ecological risks. Thirty-four Army RODs were evaluated representing decisions promulgated between 1996 and 2004. Five were selected based on assessments that remedial actions were clearly linked to concern for ecological receptors. The Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA) approach and the subsequent risk management process were reviewed for each site. The case studies demonstrated that the ERA findings, as well as critical management decisions regarding interpretation of identified ecological risks, were determinants of remedial action objectives. Decisions regarding the selection of remedial alternatives were based on a set of criteria prescribed by Superfund requirements and guidance. Remedial alternative evaluations require protection of human health and the environment, but protective conditions were determined using different methods at each site. Examining the remedial management process for the 5 case study sites revealed that uncertainty in the risk assessment and decisions regarding appropriate spatial scales for both risk assessment and remediation were important factors influencing remedial action decisions. The case reviews also revealed that levels of documentation were variable from site to site. In the future, more detailed documentation of decision criteria and the development of criteria that consider the resilience of the site will result in more technically defensible ecological risk management. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2012; 8: 246–261. © 2011 SETAC
DIAMOND MINING, RICE FARMING AND A ‘MAGGI CUBE’: A VIABLE SURVIVAL STRATEGY IN RURAL LIBERIA?
Authors: Hilson Gavin , Van Bockstael Steven 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSince the conclusion of its 14‐year civil war in 2003, Liberia has struggled economically. Jobs are in short supply and operational infrastructural services, such as electricity and running water, are virtually nonexistent. The situation has proved especially challenging for the scores of people who fled the country in the 1990s to escape the violence and who have since returned to re‐enter their lives. With few economic prospects on hand, many have elected to enter the artisanal diamond mining sector, which has earned notoriety for perpetuating the country's civil war. This article critically reflects on the fate of these Liberians, many of whom, because of a lack of government support, finances, manpower and technological resources, have forged deals with hired labourers to work artisanal diamond fields. Specifically, in exchange for meals containing locally grown rice and a Maggi (soup) cube, hired hands mine diamondiferous territories, splitting the revenues accrued from the sales of recovered stones amongst themselves and the individual ‘claimholder’ who hired them. Although this cycle—referred to here as ‘diamond mining, rice farming and a Maggi cube’—helps to buffer against poverty, few of the parties involved will ever progress beyond a subsistence level. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
RE‐AGRARIANISING LIVELIHOODS IN POST‐CONFLICT SIERRA LEONE? MINERAL WEALTH AND RURAL CHANGE IN ARTISANAL AND SMALL‐SCALE MINING COMMUNITIES
Authors: Maconachie Roy 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn mineral‐rich regions of Sierra Leone, the diversification of livelihood portfolios is widespread and local actors have long pursued complex and dynamic strategies that involve the intertwining of farming and mining economies. This article examines recent evidence from two impoverished communities in the diamond‐ and gold‐producing regions of the country, where artisanal and small‐scale mining (ASM) operations dovetail with agrarian activities. On the one hand, the analysis suggests that income derived from ASM provides valuable investment funds for reviving the agrarian institutions and social networks that are vital to the post‐war rural economy. However, on the other hand, diminishing returns from diamond mining operations coupled with the institutional and policy challenges of the mining sector may also be responsible for persuading some individuals to abandon ASM and encouraging them to re‐orientate their livelihoods more exclusively around farming. In light of these two diverging developments, this article compares and contrasts the potential of artisanal gold and diamond mining as strategies to uplift livelihoods. In doing so, it is argued that a better understanding of the nexus between informal mining and farming activities is essential for alleviating poverty and promoting sustainable rural livelihoods in the post‐war period. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.