bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
18F-FDG PET/CT features of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma
Authors: Lee Eugene , Park Chang Min , Kang Keon Wook , Goo Jin Mo , Kim Min A , Paeng Jin Chul , Lee Hyun Ju , Park Heae Surng , Chung Doo Hyun 
Published: January 2012

Background Pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma (PSH) has been reported to show increased FDG uptake and be potential false-positives on 18F-FDG PET/CT examination. However, it is still unclear whether the previously-reported high FDG uptake is a universal characteristic of PSH, and furthermore, there have been no investigations on what kind of radiologic or histologic features may have been related with its FDG uptake values. Purpose To investigate the 18F-FDG PET/CT features of pulmonary sclerosing hemangiomas (PSHs), and to evaluate the relating factors with their FDG uptake values. Material and Methods We identified 10 PSHs in eight patients who had a pathologic diagnosis and available antecedent 18F-FDG PET/CT images. 18F-FDG PET/CT images were investigated both qualitatively and quantitatively, along with their histopathologic features. Correlation between 18F-FDG PET features and radiologic as well as histopathologic features were also evaluated. Results Mean diameter of the 10 PSHs in our study was 16.9 mm ± 6.26 (range 5-25 mm). Four tumors showed intense uptake, and four tumors showed moderate uptake on 18F-FDG PET/CT scans. In the remaining two tumors, there were no significant FDG uptakes. The SUVmax of tumors ranged from 0.60-4.7 (median 2.30; 2.51 ± 1.42), and was significantly correlated with the tumor size (r = 0.754, P = 0.012) and three out of four tumors ≥2 cm (75%) showed intense FDG uptake and their SUVmax values were greater than 2.5. Immunohistochemical results for GLUT-1, GLUT-4, and Ki-67 and other pathologic features were not correlated with the tumors’ FDG uptake. Conclusion The majority of PSHs show increased FDG uptakes, and their SUVmax values are significantly correlated with their tumor size. PSH ≥2 cm can frequently be falsely interpreted as malignancy in FDG-PET/CT. Further studies with large study population are warranted to confirm our observations.
Adverse Psychosocial Working Conditions and Poor Quality of Life among Financial Service Employees in Brazil
Authors: Silva Luiz Sergio , Barreto Sandhi Maria 
Published: January 2012

Adverse Psychosocial Working Conditions and Poor Quality of Life among Financial Service Employees in Brazil: Luiz Sergio SILVA, et al. School of Medicine, Preventive Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil—ObjectivesWorkers in the financial services sector are exposed to great stress at work. This study investigates whether exposure to adverse psychosocial work conditions is independently associated with poor health‐related physical and mental quality of life among financial services workers.MethodsWe studied a nationwide representative sample of 2,054 workers of a large Brazilian state bank in 2008. Adverse psychosocial work conditions were investigated by the Effort‐reward imbalance (ERI) scale and the Job content questionnaire (JCQ). Health‐related quality of life (HRQL) was assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study Short‐Form General Health Survey (SF‐12). Poor mental and physical HRQL was defined by the lowest quartiles of the SF‐12 final score distributions. Associations were investigated using multiple logistic regression analysis.ResultsIn the multivariate analysis, exposures to low control and lack of social support at work (JCQ) were associated with poor HRQL in the physical domain. Increasing effort‐reward imbalance and overcommitment (ERI), on the other hand, were associated with poor HRQL in the mental domain, with a significant statistical trend. Overcommitment was also associated with poor physical HRQL.ConclusionThe results suggest that exposure to adverse psychosocial work conditions has a negative impact on both domains of HRQL among financial service workers. They also indicate that ERI and DC models capture different aspects of job strain.
A Decision-Tree Approach to Cost Comparison of Newborn Screening Strategies for Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Wells Janelle , Rosenberg Marjorie , Hoffman Gary , Anstead Michael , Farrell Philip M. 
Published: January 2012

OBJECTIVE:Because cystic fibrosis can be difficult to diagnose and treat early, newborn screening programs have rapidly developed nationwide but methods vary widely. We therefore investigated the costs and consequences or specific outcomes of the 2 most commonly used methods.METHODS:With available data on screening and follow-up, we used a simulation approach with decision trees to compare immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) screening followed by a second IRT test against an IRT/DNA analysis. By using a Monte Carlo simulation program, variation in the model parameters for counts at various nodes of the decision trees, as well as for costs, are included and applied to fictional cohorts of 100 000 newborns. The outcome measures included the numbers of newborns given a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis and costs of screening strategy at each branch and cost per newborn.RESULTS:Simulations revealed a substantial number of potential missed diagnoses for the IRT/IRT system versus IRT/DNA. Although the IRT/IRT strategy with commonly used cutoff values offers an average overall cost savings of $2.30 per newborn, a breakdown of costs by societal segments demonstrated higher out-of-pocket costs for families. Two potential system failures causing delayed diagnoses were identified relating to the screening protocols and the follow-up system.CONCLUSIONS:The IRT/IRT screening algorithm reduces the costs to laboratories and insurance companies but has more system failures. IRT/DNA offers other advantages, including fewer delayed diagnoses and lower out-of-pocket costs to families.
Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure With Heliox in Preterm Infants With Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Colnaghi Mariarosa , Pierro Maria , Migliori Claudio , Ciralli Fabrizio , Matassa Piero Giuseppe , Vendettuoli Valentina , Mercadante Domenica , Consonni Dario , Mosca Fabio 
Published: January 2012

OBJECTIVE:
To assess the therapeutic effects of breathing a low-density helium and oxygen mixture (heliox, 80% helium and 20% oxygen) in premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) treated with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP).

METHODS:
Infants born between 28 and 32 weeks of gestational age with radiologic findings and clinical symptoms of RDS and requiring respiratory support with NCPAP within the first hour of life were included. These infants were randomly assigned to receive either standard medical air (control group) or a 4:1 helium and oxygen mixture (heliox group) during the first 12 hours of enrollment, followed by medical air until NCPAP was no longer needed.

RESULTS:
From February 2008 to September 2010, 51 newborn infants were randomly assigned to two groups, 24 in the control group and 27 in the heliox group. NCPAP with heliox significantly decreased the risk of mechanical ventilation in comparison with NCPAP with medical air (14.8% vs 45.8%).

CONCLUSIONS:
Heliox increases the effectiveness of NCPAP in the treatment of RDS in premature infants.
Statistical Analysis Based on Information Obtained from Inspection in Line to Forecast Future Land Pipeline Damage
Authors: González-Domínguez J. L. , Padilla-Pérez D. A. , Hernández-Mejía S. L. , Adame-González M. A. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTOil industry is very strategic for any country. Not only for their market share and their budgets, but also for the critical infrastructure interdependences that creates. Considering statistics and fractal geometry as a support for analysis, interpretation of data and as an aid in taking decisions, this paper deals with data obtained in 1994 and 2004 from the inspection of the onshore pipelines in Mexico. Making use of software Benoit and ITSM-2000, the time series were found to have a fractal behavior. Further analysis and contrast with a previous research base on artificial neural networks was also accomplished. As a result it was obtained a forecast for 2014, based on the sum of the time series of data.
Preparation and Characterization of Aluminum Lithium Hydroxide Carbonate Hydrate Obtained From Basic Aluminum Sulfate
Authors: Soto César A. C. , Delgado Aurora P. , Ramírez Esthela R. , Zamudio Veridiana R. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTAluminum lithium hydroxide carbonate hydrate, also known as Al-Li double hydroxide or Al-Li hydrotalcite-like compound [Al2Li(OH)6]2CO3•nH2O, was prepared from basic aluminum sulfate. This compound was prepared by precipitation in homogeneous solution of an aluminum bisulfite solution. A sodium aluminate aqueous solution was prepared by dissolving basic aluminum sulfate in 1M sodium hydroxide. The Al-Li double hydroxide was obtained after addition of lithium carbonate satured solution to the sodium aluminate solution, at 60 °C. The synthesized powder was characterized by thermal analysis (TG, DTG and DTA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). By this method crystalline Li-Al hydrotalcite like compound with composition near to Al4Li2(OH)12CO3 •3H2O was obtained.
Study of the Impact of Quenching Process Parameters in High Dimension Rings of Steel AISI 4140
Authors: Márquez C. , Martínez E. , Cárdenas J. , Saldívar O. , Rodríguez J. , Fernández F. , Pérez A. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTManufacturing of high dimension steel rings impose several technological challenges. The lack of understanding of the principles and practices of quenching can result in inadequate hardness, excessive distortion or scrapping of costly machined components. This paper presents the results of an analytical study of the parameters of the quenching operation, among them the fluid dynamics of the agitation in the quenching media. Velocity components of the fluid were measured using an anemometer inside the quenching tank. Uniformity of agitation is compared with a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation. The CFD results revealed the impact of quench tank design, configuration and operation of impellers.
Characterization of Metallurgical Defects in the Melt Zone of 304L Steel Tubes Manufactured by GTAW Process
Authors: Ruíz-Mondragón J.J. , Acevedo-Dávila J. , García-Vázquez F. , Hdz-García H.M. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTThis study consisted of the characterization of longitudinal cracking pattern observed in weld joint in the manufacture of 304L steel pipelines with thin wall thickness by GTAW process. These tubes are used in food and automotive industries. The cracks grown in the liquid-solid interdendritic zones at high temperatures. It was found that the cracks are associated with change on solidification mode and presence of the holes produced by shrinkage. The change in the solidification mode was associated with the presence of second phase particles. The results suggest that the formation of cracks is promoted by increasing current during the welding although the heat input is constant.
Phosphorous and Boron Incorporation and its Effect on Optical Properties of Ge:H and Si0.01Ge0.99:HFilms Deposited by LF PECVD
Authors: Delgadillo Nery , Kosarev Andrey , Torres Afonso , Garcia Lancelot , Gonzales Brian 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTDeposition conditions that provided low absorption related to both band tail and deep localized states have been found for both materials Ge:H and Si1YGeY:H. Phosphorous incorporation on Si0.01Ge0.99:H films and boron incorporation on Ge:H films were deposited by low frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition (LF PECVD). The phosphorous incorporation in solidphase was observed to preferential with the increase of the doping in the gas phase to 2.5 %, and 2.5% to 4% was observed preferential Si0.01Ge0.99 film, boron incorporation in solid phase increase linearly with the increase of the doping gas phase. The content of solid phase was characterized by Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) profiling. Hydrogen concentration in the films was determined from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and SIMS measurements. Optical measurements provided optical gap, localized states, and band tail. A significant reduction of both band tail and deep localized states were observed at boron incorporation in solid phase = 0.004% on Ge:H films and the same were observed at phosphorous incorporation in solid phase = 0.29% on Si0.01Ge0.99:H films.
Microstructural Evolution of High Dimension Rings of Steel AISI 4140
Authors: Martínez E. , Márquez C. , Rodríguez J. , Fernández F. , Cárdenas J. , Pérez A. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper presents the results of the analytical study of the microstructural evolution of forged and rolled rings with a diameter greater than 2 meters, since the raw material, set-up forgings, ring rolling and heat treatments, including normalizing, quenching and tempering. Also, great care will be taken on the chemical micro-segregation. Four rings, were instrumented with 20 thermocouples each one in order to follow the thermal profile during heating and quenching. Cooling rates will be used to predict the microstructure developed under the different heat treatments and it will be compared at different positions inside the rings. It can be seen that the cooling curves obtained show no presence of soft phases, as shown in the microstructures in the figure shown below. With the results of microstructure obtained, which show martensitic structure to a greater extent, it meets the desirable mechanical properties, which are shown below.
Microstructural Study of as-cast Fe-Si Alloys. Effect of Percentage of Silicon
Authors: González F. María G. , García H. José A. , Balandra A. , Aranda. V. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTSilicon steels are materials used in construction of electric motors and transformers. Silicon is an effective element to improve the electrical and magnetic properties. During the solidification stage is defined the distribution of solute on the solid as segregation or coring. This paper researched the effect of the percentage of silicon on the microstructure and segregation profiles of the Fe-0.5wt%Si, Fe-1.5wt%Si and Fe-3wt%Si cast alloys. The samples were metallographically prepared by conventional techniques. The concentration of silicon in grain boundary regions was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDS-WDS microanalysis, the morphological changes of the grain as a function of silicon was evaluated by optical microscopy. Experimental microsegregation patterns showed significant difference from the Scheil model and greater agreement with this model when considering convective-diffusive conditions. The microstructural study revealed discrepancies with the solidification pattern governed by the solidification interval.
Grain Refinement and Mechanical Properties Enhancement in Cross Roll Rolled Pure Copper
Authors: Song Kuk Hyun , Kim Han Sol , Kim Won Yong 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTTo evaluate the microstructures and mechanical properties in cross-roll rolled pure copper, comparing with conventionally rolled materials, this work was carried out. Pure copper (99.99 mass%) sheets with thickness of 5 mm were cold rolled to 90% thickness reduction by cross-roll rolling (CRR) and subsequently annealed at 400 °C for 30 min. Also, to analyze the grain boundary character distributions (GBCDs), electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) technique was employed. As a result, the cold rolled and annealed materials consisted of significantly refined grains than that of the initial material (100 μm). Especially, the CRR processed material showed more refined grain size (6.5 μm) in average than that (9.8 μm) of conventional rolling (CR). These grain refinements directly affected an increase in mechanical properties. Furthermore, the texture development in CRR processed material, in which <112> grains were densely distributed in the normal direction (ND), was more effective to enhance the yield strength.
Preparation of Pd /α–Al2O3 and Pd-Ag/α–Al2O3 Membranes by Electroless Plating and Permeation Measurements
Authors: Ortiz-Martínez L. , Torres-Rodríguez M. , Gutiérrez-Arzaluz M. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTIn this work, the synthesis of dense Pd/α–Al2O3 and Pd-Ag/α–Al2O3 ceramic composite membranes was done through the sequential electroless plating technique of Pd and Ag. The precursors are solutions of PdCl2 and AgNO3 and N2H4 salts, as reducing agent. The membranes were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The permeation tests of H2 and N2 was carried out at 20 psi of pressure and at 25°C, resulted πH2=5.2x10-9 mol H2/m2·s·Pa and πN2=8.2x10-10 mol N2/m2·s·Pa.
Characterization of the Stainless Steel Corrosion Kinetic By EIS
Authors: Galvan-Martinez R. , Flores-Cocuyo M. , Orozco-Cruz R. , Contreras A. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTAn electrochemical study was carried out in order to obtain the effects of the turbulent flow condition on the stainless steel corrosion immersed in natural seawater using an electrochemical corrosion technique like electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). A three-electrode electrochemical glass cell was used to obtain the electrochemical measures, where a cylinder of the AISI 410 stainless steel was used as working electrode, a saturated calomel electrode as reference electrode and a synthesised graphite rod as auxiliary electrode. 24 hours was the total exposure time. In order to control the hydrodynamic conditions a rotating cylinder electrode (RCE) was used and, a scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used in order to obtain the superficial analyses of the metallic surface after tests. The results of the electrochemical techniques shown that at 1000 rpm of the rotation speed, the corrosion rate (CR) increased as the exposure time also increased. In additions, in the other rotations speed (2000, 3000 and 5000 rpm), the CR was affected by the corrosion products formed on metallic surface. t is important to point out that the corrosion morphology found in the steel sample was localized corrosion.
Synthesis of Silver Nanostructures by the Polyol Method and their Statistical Analysis Using Design of Experiments
Authors: Pérez Jaime E. , Arauz Adriana B. , García Luis A. , Rodríguez José L. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTIn this work we present the bases to perform investigation on the effects on the morphology and size of nanostructures of silver, owed to the modification of synthesis factors in a polyol process such as temperature, concentration, time of reaction, injection speed and time of injection. It is claimed that control over Ag nanostructures shape could be improved and significant information about the synthesis process can be obtained. The design of experiments was done aimed to obtain useful information about how to yield as much as possible specific structures of interest.
Characterization of Electron-Beam-Induced Silver Deposition from Liquid Phase
Authors: Park Jonathan J. , Joshi-Imre Alexandra , Ocola Leonidas E. , Divan Ralu 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTElectron-beam-induced deposition (EBID) using gas-phase precursor molecules is an extensively studied fabrication technique. Liquid-phase metal deposition has recently been shown to achieve higher purity levels than traditional gas-phase deposition [1]. The goal of this investigation was to characterize liquid-phase silver deposition for further studies in photonics. A Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) (FEI Nova 600 NanoLab Dual Beam) was used to deposit silver on polyimide membranes from aqueous AgNO3 solution by accelerating electrons into the solution for silver ion reduction. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and SEM were subsequently used to characterize the size dependence to electron dosage. We observed granular silver deposits with sub-75 nm particle size and 200-250 nm total aggregate diameters. The CASINO (monte CArlo SImulation of electroN trajectory in sOlids) program was used to model electron trajectory in the solution to relate the size to the electron spread.
Influence of Oxide Nanoparticles of Fe, Al and Si on the Sintered Magnesia for the Production of Refractory Material to Be Used in Secondary Ladle Metallurgy
Authors: Gómez Cristian , Das Tushar.K. , Shaji Sadasivan , Rodríguez Edén A. , Guzmán Ana M. , Castillo Alan , García Laura 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTIron oxide (Fe2O3, 20-40 nm), aluminum oxide (Al2O3, 50 nm) and silicon oxide (SiO2, 20-60 nm) nanoparticles were mixed in different concentrations (1 to 5 wt %) in a magnesium oxide matrix to develop new refractory matrixes as candidates in the lining of secondary ladle metallurgy. To avoid agglomeration of nanoparticles in the magnesium oxide (MgO) matrix, it was carried out a dispersion method of nanoparticles with different dispersants. After that, the powder mixture was sintered at a temperature of 1300 and 1500 °C for 4 hours. The refractory samples obtained were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-with EDX) and also measured their density and porosity. The results showed that the samples sintered at 1500 °C with 5 wt % of Fe2O3 reached the highest density and presented the MgFe2O4 spinel-type phase. With the addition of Al2O3-nanoparticles in the MgO matrix, there were the formation of MgAl2O4 spinel phase and in the case of SiO2-nanoparticles addition it was observed the formation of Mg2SiO4 forsterite phase. It is well known that with the increase in spinel phase in the matrix, there is a significant help to retain quantities of ions of iron and nickel due to the dissolution of the slag into the refractory material extending their lining life.
Effect of Organoclay’s characteristics during the preparation of complex ternary system PP-EP/EVA/Organoclay.
Authors: Yeraldin Olivares M. , Eduardo Ramírez V. , Saúl Sánchez V. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTIn this work, the effect of structural characteristics of organomodified clays on the dispersion degree, mechanical and rheological properties of the nanocomposites PP-EP/EVA/nanoclay has been studied. The studied effects were: degree of chemical modification of the clay, length of substitute groups on the surfactant, and the steric effect caused by surfactant structure. The characterization techniques used were Wide Angle X-ray Diffraction (WAXD), Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM), Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA), Tensile Test and Capillary Rheometry. Cloisite 6A, 15A and 20A were used to evaluate the first effect. Better intercalation-exfoliation and mechanical properties were obtained when the clay with lower content of surfactant was used (C20A), these results were attributed to a higher saturation of the system. In order to study the second effect, Cloisite 20A and Cloisite 25A were employed. It was found that the bigger initial intergallery space between these nanoclay’s caused by the longer chains in Cloisite 20A, allows the formation of a structure with better intercalated-exfoliated structure. This was confirmed with the observed increase in mechanical properties. Finally, the third effect was studied with Cloisite 10A and 15A. It was clearly seen that only with Cloisite 15A was possible to obtain an intercalated-exfoliated structure. This was attributed to a major steric effect when using C10A than with 15A.