bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Måleegenskaper ved den norske versjonen av Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ)
Authors: Jozefiak Thomas , Tollefsen Thomas Kristian 
Published: April 2024

Beskrivelse: Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ) er et sett med generiske livskvalitetsinstrumenter utviklet for å måle fysisk og psykososial velvære hos barn mellom 5 og 18 år. CHQ er ment å måle 14 ulike somatiske og psykososiale konsepter, som summeres i to sumskårer – psykososial og fysisk. Høyere skårer indikerer bedre helserelatert livskvalitet. CHQ finnes i flere versjoner, både for selvutfylling og foreldreutfylling. De opprinnelige utgavene av CHQ, CHQ-PF98 (foreldrerapport) og CHQ-CF87 (selvrapport), ble utviklet og testet i 1990, mens kortversjonene CHQ-PF50 (foreldrerapport) og CHQ-PF28 (foreldrerapport) ble utviklet i henholdsvis 1994, og 1995 (Landgraf, Abetz, & Ware, 1996). Avhengig av versjon er tidsbruk oppgitt å variere fra 5 til 25 minutter, og det er ingen kompetansekrav til administrering. CHQ er oversatt til norsk av Selvaag og kolleger i 2001 i henhold til internasjonale retningslinjer. Rettighetene til alle versjoner og oversettelser av CHQ eies av HealthActCHQ.

Litteratursøk: 14 norske og seks svenske og danske publikasjoner ble inkludert. Alle norske publikasjoner rapporterte psykometriske data. De norske publikasjonene varierer fra 31 til 229 deltagere, med et aldersspenn fra 4 til 24 år. Publikasjonene inkluderte utvalg fra både kliniske populasjoner, kliniske grupper og normale kontroller (kasus-kontrollstudier), samt kun normalpopulasjon.

Psykometri: Begrepsvaliditeten og faktorstruktur for CHQ er ikke entydig definert. Klinisk diskriminativ validitet bedømmes som tilfredsstillende. Det finnes per i dag ikke robuste nok normdata for CHQ som kan gjelde for en nasjonal norsk eller skandinavisk generell populasjon. Reliabiliteten (intern konsistens, test-retest og endringssensitivitet) kan karakteriseres som god.

Konklusjon: CHQ Selv- og foreldrerapport viser i skandinaviske studier en utilstrekkelig begrepsvaliditet og faktorstruktur, men god klinisk validitet og reliabilitet. Det eksisterer per i dag ikke tilfredsstillende normdata basert på norske/skandinaviske studier. CHQ har hittil bare blitt brukt hos barn med kroniske somatiske sykdommer. Selvrapporten er utformet for ti år gamle og eldre barn, og utelukker dermed livskvalitetsperspektivet til yngre barn. CHQ har derfor per i dag en begrenset anvendbarhet i Norge.
Review of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Liver Disease Prevalence
Authors: Tolou-Ghamari Zahra 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
The main reason for liver-related death globally is reported as cancer which results in most patients with cirrhosis, therefore in this article, we
discuss the epidemiology of liver diseases and liver cancer in the world.

:
Ongoing review article efforts to address updated knowledge of study topics worldwide. Information on the prevalence and mortality of liver
disease were extracted from Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. Ninety-two relevant in-depth consequent guide approaches
and evidence-based choices were selected, associated with a knowledgeable collection of current, high-quality manuscripts.

:
Research reported that around 2.3 billion people in the world are infected with one of the hepatitis viruses that could cause liver cancer. The
prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cirrhosis and liver cancer is varied worldwide. In the United States, each year 18600 males and
9000 females die from liver cancer. The global burden of deaths due to liver cancer was reported in 830,200 in 2020 that predicted to increase to
>55% by 2040. The major causes of liver cancer reported as hepatitis B (mainly in Asia) and C viruses. Regarding chronic liver disease that could
cause cancer in some patients, the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is estimated to be 6% to 35% worldwide. Steatosis and
steatohepatitis affect 25% of the population worldwide. It is well known that the geographic distribution of different forms of liver disorders is
divergent. Owing to population growth and ageing, liver cirrhosis and its development of cancer is an important health subject worldwide. Further
studies regarding early detection of liver disease based on the easy and inexpensive test to score primary necroinflammation recommended
advantageously.
A Study of Dermatoglyphics Patterns in Relation to the Levels of Perceived
Stress
Authors: Shakir Isra Ishtiaq , Sheikhi Sadaf , Mahmood Marwa , Khan Naba , Rathan Ramya , Salama Miral 
Published: April 2024

Background::
Dermatoglyphics is the study of dermal ridge configuration on the skin of the fingers and palms, which can be used to diagnose chromosomal
disorders and individual identification. Stress is characterizedby feeling overwhelmed with mental or emotional pressure and evokes a biological
response when any intrinsic or extrinsic stimulus is applied. Stress can cause acute effects and disorders that can trigger structural changes like
atrophy and decrement in weight in different brain parts with long-term effects on the nervous system.

Materials and Methods::
In this cross-sectional study, fingerprints of 150 participants of Gulf Medical University with an equal number of students and faculty/ staff were
obtained by fingerprint scanner. Participants were classified into low, moderate, and high-stress levels by questionnaire. Collected data were
statistically analyzed to find any association between dermatoglyphics and perceived stress levels.

Results::
Radial Loop was found to have the highest frequency as a percentage in all three groups. Plain whorl was the pattern with the second-highest
percentage of occurrences. A notable observation was the lack of plain arch and low frequency of accidental whorl in the high-stress group.

Conclusion::
The findings contribute to our understanding of the potential of dermatoglyphics as an indicator of perceived stress, opening up avenues for further
research in utilizing these patterns as a non-invasive tool for assessing stress levels.
Applications of L-Arginine in Pregnancy and Beyond: An Emerging Pharmacogenomic Approach
Authors: Vaishnavi Vijapurapu Sai , Sanku Bala Murali Mohan , Kadiri Sunil Kumar , Manoj Kumar Mudigubba , Lingaiah Mahadevamma 
Published: April 2024

:
L-arginine is a semi-essential amino acid that plays a critical role in various physiological
processes, such as protein synthesis, wound healing, immune function, and cardiovascular regulation.
The use of L-arginine in pregnancy has been an emerging topic in the field of pharmacogenomics.
L-arginine, an amino acid, plays a crucial role in the production of nitric oxide, which is
necessary for proper placental development and fetal growth. Studies have shown that L-arginine
supplementation during pregnancy can have positive effects on fetal growth, maternal blood pressure,
and the prevention of preeclampsia. This emerging pharmacogenomic approach involves using
genetic information to personalize L-arginine dosages for pregnant women based on their specific
genetic makeup. By doing so, it may be possible to optimize the benefits of L-arginine supplementation
during pregnancy and improve pregnancy outcomes. This paper emphasizes the potential
applications of L-arginine in pregnancy and the use of pharmacogenomic approaches to enhance
its effectiveness. Nonetheless, the emerging pharmacogenomic approach to the application
of L-arginine offers exciting prospects for the development of novel therapies for a wide range of
diseases.
Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Plant-derived
Hypoglycemic Medicines: An In vivo/In vitro Systematic Review
Authors: Adel-Mehraban Mohammad Sadegh , Tabatabaei-Malazy Ozra , Manayi Azadeh , Alatab Sudabeh , Mohseni Shahrzad , Fana Saeed Ebrahimi , Asili Pooria , Bahramsoltani Roodabeh , Esmaeili Fataneh , Azizi Bayan 
Published: April 2024

Background:
The activation of oxidative stress and inflammatory conditions has been
associated with acceleration in diabetes (DM) onset and complications. Despite various anti-DM
medications, there is a growing trend to discover inexpensive and effective treatments with low adverse
effects from plants as one of the promising sources for drug development.

Objective:
This study aimed to systematically investigate the simultaneous anti-inflammatory and
antioxidant effects of plant-derived hypoglycemic medicines in diabetic experimental models.

Methods:
The search terms consisted of “diabetes”, “herbal medicine”, “antioxidant”, “Inflammatory
biomarker”, and their equivalents among PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library
databases up to 17 August 2021.

Results:
Throughout the search of databases, 201 eligible experimental studies were recorded.
The results showed that the most commonly assessed inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers
were tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL) 6, IL-1β, IL-10, malondialdehyde (MDA),
and nitric oxide (NO). The activity of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase
(SOD), glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT) were assessed in the present review. Among herbal
treatments, Trigonella foenum-graecum L., Centella asiatica (L.) Urb., Vitis vinifera L., and
Moringa oleifera Lam. were most commonly used for diabetic complications. Due to the dispersion
of the treatments, meta-analysis was not applicable.

Conclusion:
Our findings showed that the application of different plant-derived hypoglycemic
treatments in animal models improved diabetes and its complications, as well as modulated concomitant
inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers. These findings suggest that plant-based
antidiabetic medicines and food supplements have the potential to manage diabetes and its complications.
Navigating the Alzheimer's Treatment Landscape: Unraveling
Amyloid-beta Complexities and Pioneering Precision Medicine
Approaches
Authors: Patwekar Mohsina , Patwekar Faheem , Khan Shahzad , Sharma Rohit , Kumar Dileep 
Published: April 2024

:
A variety of cutting-edge methods and good knowledge of the illness's complex causes
are causing a sea change in the field of Alzheimer's Disease (A.D.) research and treatment. Precision
medicine is at the vanguard of this change, where individualized treatment plans based on genetic
and biomarker profiles give a ray of hope for customized therapeutics. Combination therapies
are becoming increasingly popular as a way to address the multifaceted pathology of
Alzheimer's by simultaneously attacking Aβ plaques, tau tangles, neuroinflammation, and other
factors. The article covers several therapeutic design efforts, including BACE inhibitors, gamma-
secretase modulators, monoclonal antibodies (e.g., Aducanumab and Lecanemab), and anti-
Aβ vaccinations. While these techniques appear promising, clinical development faces safety
concerns and uneven efficacy. To address the complicated Aβ pathology in Alzheimer's disease, a
multimodal approach is necessary. The statement emphasizes the continued importance of clinical
trials in addressing safety and efficacy concerns. Looking ahead, it suggests that future treatments
may take into account genetic and biomarker traits in order to provide more personalized care.
Therapies targeting Aβ, tau tangles, neuroinflammation, and novel drug delivery modalities are
planned. Nanoparticles and gene therapies are only two examples of novel drug delivery methods
that have the potential to deliver treatments more effectively, with fewer side effects, and with better
therapeutic results. In addition, medicines that target tau proteins in addition to Aβ are in the
works. Early intervention, based on precise biomarkers, is a linchpin of Alzheimer's care, emphasizing
the critical need for detecting the disease at its earliest stages. Lifestyle interventions, encompassing
diet, exercise, cognitive training, and social engagement, are emerging as key components
in the fight against cognitive decline. Data analytics and art are gaining prominence as strategies
to mitigate the brain's inflammatory responses. To pool knowledge and resources in the fight
against Alzheimer's, international cooperation between scientists, doctors, and pharmaceutical
companies is still essential. In essence, a complex, individualized, and collaborative strategy will
characterize Alzheimer's research and therapy in the future. Despite obstacles, these encouraging
possibilities show the ongoing commitment of the scientific and medical communities to combat
A.D. head-on, providing a glimmer of hope to the countless people and families touched by this savage
sickness.
Omega Indices of Strong and Lexicographic Products of Graphs
Authors: Huilgol Medha Itagi , D'Souza Grace Divya , Cangul Ismail Naci 
Published: April 2024

Background:
The degree sequence of a graph is the list of its vertex degrees arranged in usually increasing order. Many properties of the graphs realized from a degree sequence can be deduced by means of a recently introduced graph invariant called omega invariant.

Methods:
We used the definitions of the considered graph products together with the list of degree sequences of these graph products for some well-know graph classes. Naturally, the vertex degree and edge degree partitions are used. As the main theme of the paper is the omega invariant, we frequently used the definition and fundamental properties of this very new invariant for our calculations. Also, some algebraic properties of these products are deduced in line with some recent publications following the same fashion.

Results:
In this paper, we determine the degree sequences of strong and lexicographic products of two graphs and obtain the general form of the degree sequences of both products. We obtain a general formula for the omega invariant of strong and lexicographic products of two graphs. The algebraic structures of strong and lexicographic products are obtained. Moreover, we prove that strong and lexicographic products are not distributive over each other.

Conclusion:
We have obtained the general expression for degree sequences of two important products of graphs and a general expression for omega invariants of strong and lexicographic products. Furthermore, we have obtained algebraic structures of strong and lexicographic products in terms of their degree sequences. Also, it has been found that the disruptive property does not hold for strong and lexicographic products.
Intratumoral and Peritumoral Edema Radiomics Based on Fat-Suppressed T2-
Weighted Imaging for Preoperative Prediction of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Sun Ruihong , Hu Yun , Wang Xuechun , Huang Zengfa , Yang Yang , Zhang Shutong , Shi Feng , Chen Lei , Liu Hongyuan , Wang Xiang 
Published: April 2024

Aim::
Our aim was to explore the feasibility of using radiomics data derived from intratumoral and peritumoral edema on fat-suppressed T2-weighted
imaging (T2 FS) to distinguish triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) from non-triple-negative breast cancer (non-TNBC).

Methods::
This retrospective study enrolled 174 breast cancer patients. According to the MRI examination time, patients before 2021 were divided into
training (n = 119) or internal test (n = 30) cohorts at a ratio of 8:2. Patients from 2022 were included in the external test cohort (n = 25). Four
regions of interest for each lesion were defined: intratumoral regions, peritumoral edema regions, regions with a combination of intratumoral and
peritumoral edema, and regions with a combination of intratumoral and 5-mm peritumoral. Four radiomic signatures were built using the least
absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method after selecting features. Furthermore, a radio mic-radiological model was constructed
using a combination of intratumoral and peritumoral edema regions along with clinical-radiologic features. Area under the receiver operating
characteristic curve (AUC) calculations, decision curve analysis, and calibration curve analysis were performed to assess the performance of each
model.

Results::
The radiomic-radiological model showed the highest AUC values of 0.906 (0.788-1.000) and 82.5 (0.622-0.947) in both the internal and external
test sets, respectively. The radiology-radiomic model exhibited excellent predictive performance, as evidenced by the calibration curves and
decision curve analysis.

Conclusion::
The ensemble model based on T2 FS-based radiomic features of intratumoral and peritumoral edema, along with radiological factors, performed
better in distinguishing TNBC from non-TNBC than a single model. We explored the possibility of developing explainable models to support the
clinical decision-making process.
Improving COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in Saskatchewan, Canada: A Developmental Evaluation Approach
Authors: Yasinian Maryam , Carr Tracey , Vanstone Jason , Azizian Amir , Falastein Patrick , Groot Gary 
Published: April 2024

Background
The Developmental Evaluation of a COVID-19 vaccination program was an early response to assess a complex emergent mass vaccination program to support learning and adaptation.

Objective
The primary objective of a multi-disciplinary team of researcher-evaluators was to facilitate organizational learning among key stakeholders to improve decision-making and increase vaccine uptake in Saskatchewan, Canada.

Methods
Aligned with the Developmental Evaluation approach, data collection was rooted in adjustment and flexibility to meet the evolving needs of the vaccination program. Data were primarily collected using meeting observations and program documentation. As the program progressed, the data collection was adjusted, and two surveys were conducted targeting COVID-19 vaccine recipients and vaccine immunizers. Data were analyzed iteratively in consultation with stakeholders.

Results
Nine feedback reports were generated over a nine-month evaluation period. Seven reports highlighted meeting observation results that revealed the program issues, probable causes, and implications. The evolving issues ranged from vaccine shortage, delay, and supply fluctuation to inter-organizational miscommunication and vaccine hesitancy. Two reports were produced from survey findings to delve into the persistent issue of vaccine hesitancy.

Conclusion
Effective solutions to complex issues of Saskatchewan’s COVID-19 mass immunization require a systems approach based on new ways of thinking and collective decision-making.
CHDmap: One Step Further Toward Integrating Medicine-Based Evidence Into Practice
Authors: Van den Eynde Jef 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Evidence-based medicine, rooted in randomized controlled trials, offers treatment estimates for the average patient but struggles to guide individualized care. This challenge is amplified in complex conditions like congenital heart disease due to disease variability and limited trial applicability. To address this, medicine-based evidence was proposed to synthesize information for personalized care. A recent article introduced a patient similarity network, CHDmap, which represents a promising technical rendition of the medicine-based evidence concept. Leveraging comprehensive clinical and echocardiographic data, CHDmap creates an interactive patient map representing individuals with similar attributes. Using a k-nearest neighbor algorithm, CHDmap interactively identifies closely resembling patient groups based on specific characteristics. These approximate matches form the foundation for predictive analyses, including outcomes like hospital length of stay and complications. A key finding is the tool’s dual capacity: not only did it corroborate clinical intuition in many scenarios, but in specific instances, it prompted a reevaluation of cases, culminating in an enhancement of overall performance across various classification tasks. While an important first step, future versions of CHDmap may aim to expand mapping complexity, increase data granularity, consider long-term outcomes, allow for treatment comparisons, and implement artificial intelligence–driven weighting of various input variables. Successful implementation of CHDmap and similar tools will require training for practitioners, robust data infrastructure, and interdisciplinary collaboration. Patient similarity networks may become valuable in multidisciplinary discussions, complementing clinicians’ expertise. The symbiotic approach bridges evidence, experience, and real-life care, enabling iterative learning for future physicians.
A Multicomponent Intervention (POSSIBLE) to Improve Perceived Risk for HIV Among Black Sexual Minority Men: Feasibility and Preliminary Effectiveness Pilot Study
Authors: Dangerfield II Derek T , Anderson Janeane N , Wylie Charleen , Bluthenthal Ricky , Beyrer Chris , Farley Jason E 
Published: April 2024

Background
Increased pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use is urgently needed to substantially decrease HIV incidence among Black sexual minority men. Low perceived risk for HIV (PRH) is a key unaddressed PrEP barrier for Black sexual minority men. Peers and smartphone apps are popular intervention tools to promote community health behaviors, but few studies have used these together in a multicomponent strategy. Therefore, we designed a multicomponent intervention called POSSIBLE that used an existing smartphone app called PrEPme (Emocha Mobile Health, Inc) and a peer change agent (PCA) to increase PRH as a gateway to PrEP.

Objective
This paper aims to describe the feasibility and preliminary impact of POSSIBLE on PRH and willingness to accept a PrEP referral among Black sexual minority men.

Methods
POSSIBLE was a theoretically guided, single-group, 2-session pilot study conducted among Black sexual minority men from Baltimore, Maryland between 2019 and 2021 (N=69). POSSIBLE integrated a PCA and the PrEPme app that allows users to self-monitor sexual risk behaviors and chat with the in-app community health worker to obtain PrEP service information. PRH was assessed using the 8-item PRH scale before and after baseline and follow-up study visits. At the end of each study visit, the PCA referred interested individuals to the community health worker to learn more about PrEP service options.

Results
The average age of participants was 32.5 (SD 8.1, range 19-62) years. In total, 55 (80%) participants were retained for follow-up at month 1. After baseline sessions, 29 (42%) participants were willing to be referred to PrEP services, 20 (69%) of those confirmed scheduled appointments with PrEP care teams. There were no statistically significant differences in PRH between baseline and follow-up visits (t122=–1.36; P=.17).

Conclusions
We observed no statistically significant improvement in PRH between baseline and month 1. However, given the high retention rate and acceptability, POSSIBLE may be feasible to implement. Future research should test a statistically powered peer-based approach on PrEP initiation among Black sexual minority men.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04533386; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04533386