bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Routes to total joint replacement surgery: Patients' and clinicians' perceptions of need
Authors: Sansom Anna , Donovan Jenny , Sanders Caroline , Dieppe Paul , Horwood Jeremy , Learmonth Ian , Williams Susan , Gooberman‐Hill Rachael 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo explore patients' perspectives of need for total joint replacement associated with decision making in orthopaedic consultations for hip or knee osteoarthritis.MethodsTwenty‐six orthopaedic consultations in 3 UK hospitals were observed and audio recorded, and semistructured interviews were conducted with the involved patients and clinicians. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsTwo main routes to orthopaedic consultation were identified: patients who waited until their symptoms were no longer bearable (holding off), and patients who sought consultation preemptively (before it gets worse). These routes were mediated by age, comparison with others, demands and desires, deterioration, and convenience. Whether patients had held off or sought help preemptively influenced their perceptions of need. Patients' perceptions of their route to orthopaedic consultation, and consequently their perception of need, were either confirmed or contradicted by clinicians.ConclusionWhen clinicians and patients have differing perceptions of need there may be ongoing patient anxiety, concern, and feelings of disempowerment. It is important for primary and secondary care clinicians to identify and explore a patient's perception of need in order to provide consistency in referral pathways and to support patient involvement in, and understanding of, shared decision making. Exploring the patient's perspective of their route to consultation is proposed as one easily achievable method of identifying patients' views on urgency of their need.
Rituximab therapy for myopathy associated with anti–signal recognition particle antibodies: A case series
Authors: Valiyil Ritu , Casciola‐Rosen Livia , Hong Grace , Mammen Andrew , Christopher‐Stine Lisa 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjectiveThe myopathy associated with anti–signal recognition particle (anti‐SRP) is a severe necrotizing immune‐mediated disease characterized by rapidly progressive proximal muscle weakness, markedly elevated serum creatine kinase (CK) levels, and poor responsiveness to traditional immunosuppressive therapies. Reports on the efficacy of B cell depletion therapy for anti‐SRP–associated myopathy are mixed. We describe 8 patients with anti‐SRP–associated myopathy and their response to treatment with the anti‐CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab.MethodsWe identified 8 patients with myopathy who tested positive for anti‐SRP antibodies by immunoprecipitation and were treated with rituximab as part of clinical care. We reviewed their medical records to assess clinical, serologic, and histologic characteristics and response to therapy. In 5 patients, serum was collected before and after rituximab therapy. Autoantibodies were detected by immunoprecipitation and quantitated by densitometry, and the percent decreases in anti‐SRP autoantibody levels were calculated.ResultsSix of 8 patients who had been refractory to standard immunosuppressive therapy demonstrated improved manual muscle strength and/or decline in CK levels as early as 2 months after rituximab treatment. Three patients sustained the response for 12–18 months after initial dosing. All of the patients were continued on adjunctive corticosteroids, but doses were substantially reduced after rituximab. Quantitative levels of serum anti‐SRP antibodies also decreased after rituximab treatment.ConclusionB cell depletion therapy with rituximab is effective for patients with myopathy associated with anti‐SRP. The substantial decrease in anti‐SRP antibody levels after rituximab treatment also suggests that B cells and anti‐SRP antibodies may play a role in the pathogenesis of this myopathy.
Improved TiO2 Photocatalytic Reduction by the Intrinsic Electrostatic Potential of BN Nanotubes
Authors: Tang Chengchun , Li Jiguang , Bando Yoshio , Zhi Chunyi , Golberg Dmitri 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe describe the synthesis of novel nanocrystalline TiO2 closely attached to BN nanotubes (BNNTs). The method involves the reaction of Ti3+ with the oxidized radicals BNH+ to form BNTi4+ bonds first, and then in situ hydrolytic conversion of the attached Ti4+ into TiO2. The designed reaction was carried out in a strongly acidic ethanol solution to ensure that the TiO2 forms on the BNNT surface rather than in solution. We also report the improved photocatalytic reduction properties of TiO2 when functionalized on BNNT surfaces and take advantage of the strong underlying electrostatic potential of the high‐purity nanotubes.
Recent Progress of Catalytic Polymerization for Controlling Polymer Topology
Authors: Guan Zhibin 
Published: April 2010

AbstractCatalysis continues to spark new imagination and excitement of synthetic chemists. Discovery of new catalytic processes often makes seemingly impossible transformations proceed magically at high efficiency. In modern polymer synthesis, an exciting direction in recent years is the development of transition‐metal‐catalyzed polymerizations for controlling polymer topology. In this Focus Review, we highlight a few recent examples for catalytic syntheses of polyolefins having cyclic, block, and dendritic topologies, respectively. These examples showcase the power and efficiency of transition‐metal catalysis for accessing various polymer topologies ranging from simple cyclic to complex globular dendritic polymers.
Gender discrimination of eyes and mouths by individuals with autism
Authors: Best Catherine A. , Minshew Nancy J. , Strauss Mark S. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractEvidence remains mixed about whether individuals with autism look less to eyes and whether they look more at mouths. Few studies have examined how spontaneous attention to facial features relates to face processing abilities. This study tested the ability to discriminate gender from facial features, namely eyes and mouths, by comparing accuracy scores of 17 children with autism and 15 adults with autism to 17 typically developing children and 15 typically developing adults. Results indicated that all participants regardless of diagnosis discriminated gender more accurately from eyes than from mouths. However, results indicated that compared to adults without autism, adults with autism were significantly worse at discriminating gender from eyes.
Über die Querkrafttragfähigkeit des Betongurts von Verbundträgern im Bereich von großen Stegöffnungen
Authors: Ramm Wieland , Kohlmeyer Christian 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIm folgenden Teil 2 wird ein Nachweiskonzept für den Betongurt im Öffnungsbereich vorgestellt. Es basiert auf den im Teil 1 erläuterten Ergebnissen der umfangreichen rechnerischen und experimentellen Untersuchungen.Das Nachweiskonzept sieht entsprechend den verschiedenen im Versuch beobachteten Versagensarten drei Querkraftnachweise für den Betongurt vor, wobei die Querkrafttragfähigkeiten in Anlehnung an die bekannten in DIN 1045‐1 angegebenen Formeln nachgewiesen werden. Damit kann auch die festgestellte lokale Wirkung der Kopfbolzendübel als Querkraftbewehrung berücksichtigt werden. Die Ermittlung der einwirkenden Querkräfte des Betongurts erfolgt anhand der Steifigkeiten des oberen und unteren Teilträgers und der Steifigkeit des Betongurts.On the Shear‐Bearing Capacity of the Concrete Slab of Composite Beams in the Region of Large Web Openings – Part 2: Design ConceptIn part 2 of the report, a concept for the design of the concrete slab in the region of web openings is presented. It is based on the results of the extensive experimental und numerical investigations which are described in.Resulting from the different occurring failure modes of the concrete slab, three critical shear‐bearing capacities have to be considered. These shear‐bearing capacities are calculated according to the formulas of DIN 1045‐1. In this way, the effect of the headed studs acting as local shear reinforcement can be included. The shear forces of the concrete slab are calculated depending on the stiffness of the top and bottom chord, as well as by the stiffness of the concrete slab.
Die Sanaya Towers in Amman
Authors: Sobek Werner , Hinz Holger , Sundermann Wolfgang 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIm Herzen der jordanischen Hauptstadt Amman entstehen die Sanaya Towers, zwei miteinander gekoppelte Hochhäuser mit einer Höhe von jeweils 223 m. Der vorliegende Aufsatz beschäftigt sich mit dem Tragwerk der Hochhäuser, wobei ein besonderes Augenmerk auf die X‐förmige Kopplung zwischen den beiden Hochhaustürmen gelegt wird.
Spreadsheet for teaching reciprocating engine cycles
Authors: Cruz‐Peragón F. , Palomar J.M. , Torres‐Jimenez Eloisa , Dorado R. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIn an advanced heat engine course, we propose using a spreadsheet application to assist in the study of a reciprocating engine model, where the fluid composition changes and the parameters depend on the temperature. This application performs the fluid cycle analysis of different engines and also provides experience to students about computational procedures in heat engines. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 20: 681–691, 2012
Highly Enantioselective Resolution of β‐Amino Esters by Candida antarctica Lipase A Immobilized in Mesocellular Foam: Application to Dynamic Kinetic Resolution.
Authors: Shakeri Mozaffar , Engström Karin , Sandström Anders G. , Bäckvall Jan‐E. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractCandida antarctica lipase A (CALA) immobilized in functionalized mesocellular foam in the presence of sucrose, followed by lyophilization, led to a dramatic increase in the enantioselectivity as well as an improved thermostability of the enzyme. The immobilized lipase was used for kinetic resolution (KR) and dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) of the β‐amino ester, ethyl 3‐amino‐3‐phenylpropanoate. The temperature of optimum activity of CALA shifted from 20–30 °C to 80–90 °C on immobilization in the MCF. An “enantiomeric ratio” E (E=νA/νB; νA and νB are the rate constants for entantiomers A and B) of 69 and a conversion of 43 % in 1 h were obtained at 80 °C, whereas non‐immobilized CALA lost its activity at T≥50 °C. The obtained immobilized CALA showed an E value of greater than 500 at 22 °C. Combination of the immobilized CALA with a ruthenium complex, acting as a racemization catalyst, allowed for a successful DKR of ethyl 3‐amino‐3‐phenylpropanoate resulting in 85 % conversion and 89 % ee.
Gentechnisch veränderte Lebensmittel. Nutzpflanzen nach Maß
Authors: Busch Ulrich , Block Annette , Meißner Esther 
Published: April 2010

AbstractGentechnisch veränderte (gv‐)Pflanzen werden weltweit im großen Maßstab angebaut. Wenn gv‐Pflanzen sowie transgene Lebens‐ und Futtermittelmittel in Europa in den Verkehr gebracht werden sollen, müssen diese sicherheitsüberprüft, zugelassen und entsprechend gekennzeichnet werden. Für die Überwachung der gesetzlichen Vorschriften ist die Lebens‐ und Futtermittelüberwachung zuständig, die entsprechende Nachweisverfahren anwendet. Die Echtzeit‐PCR hat sich zum Standard für den Nachweis und die Quantifizierung von GVO etabliert. DNA‐Chips haben das Potenzial, als Screnningverfahren schnell und sicher eine große Anzahl von GVO zu detektieren.
Die Skala des Wilbur Lincoln Scoville. Manche mögen's scharf
Authors: Roth Klaus 
Published: April 2010

AbstractÜberall auf der Welt sind die Arten der Gattung Paprika (Capsicum) beliebte Bestandteile der Nahrung. Die Biochemie von Paprika und Chili bietet uns viele Überraschungen. So beruht die brillante rote Farbe auf den “Paprika‐ketonen”, die nur von Paprika synthetisiert werden. Die von vielen Menschen so geschätzte Schärfe beruht auf Capsaicin und Dihydrocapsaicin, auch diese kann nur Paprika herstellen. In Anbetracht der außerordentlichen Biochemie sollten wir in Zukunft Paprika, Chilis, Jalapeños und Habaneros mit mehr Respekt vor deren chemischen Syntheseleistungen genießen.
Weltkulturerbe Zollverein
Authors: Schwedt Georg 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIm Jahr der Europäischen Kulturhauptstadt RUHR 2010 wurde das seit 1901 bestehende Ruhrland‐Museum, nun mit dem Namen Ruhr‐Museum Essen, am 10. Januar in der Zeche und Kokerei Zollverein, seit 2001 UNESCO‐Weltkulturerbe, wiedereröffnet. In ihm wird die gesamte Natur‐ und Kulturgeschichte des Ruhrgebietes im Ambiente der ehemaligen Kohlenwäsche der Zeche Zollverein Schacht XII dargestellt.
Haifischsteak oder lieber erstmal Quecksilber messen?
Authors: Harrer Roswitha 
Published: April 2010

AbstractMarine Mikroorganismen wandeln anorganisches Quecksilber in das 1000mal giftigere Methylquecksilber um. Je weiter oben in der Nahrungskette, desto stärker die Anreicherung und desto höher die Giftigkeit der aufnehmenden Fische. Schnelle, einfache und vor allem auch billige Messverfahren für Methylquecksilber in Speisefisch sind sehr gefragt.
A wire‐crossed‐loop resonator for rapid scan EPR
Authors: Rinard George A. , Quine Richard W. , Biller Joshua R. , Eaton Gareth R. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA crossed‐loop (orthogonal mode) resonator (CLR) was constructed of fine wire to achieve design goals for rapid scan in vivo EPR imaging at VHF frequencies (in practice, near 250 MHz). This application requires the resonator to have a very open design to facilitate access to the animal for physiological support during the image acquisition. The rapid scan experiment uses large amplitude magnetic field scans, and sufficiently large resonator and detection bandwidths to record the rapidly‐changing signal response. Rapid‐scan EPR is sensitive to RF/microwave source noise and to baseline changes that are coherent with the field scan. The sensitivity to source noise is a primary incentive for using a CLR to isolate the detected signal from the RF source noise. Isolation from source noise of 44 and 47 dB was achieved in two resonator designs. Prior results showed that eddy currents contribute to background problems in rapid scan EPR, so the CLR design had to minimize conducting metal components. Using fine (AWG 38) wire for the resonators decreased eddy currents and lowered the resonator Q, thus providing larger resonator bandwidth. Mechanical resonances at specific scan frequencies are a major contributor to rapid scan backgrounds. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 37B: 86–91, 2010
Polymorphisms in ERCC2, MSH2, and OGG1 DNA repair genes and gallbladder cancer risk in a population of Northern India
Authors: Srivastava Kshitij , Srivastava Anvesha , Mittal Balraj 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Genetic variants of DNA repair enzymes may lead to genetic instability and contribute to gallbladder (GB) carcinogenesis.METHODS:A case‐control study (230 GB carcinogenesis patients and 230 controls) was undertaken to evaluate whether genetic variations in 3 DNA repair genes ERCC2 (Asp312Asn [rs1799793] and Lys751Gln [rs13181]), MSH2 (−118T>C [rs2303425] and IVS1 + 9G>C [rs2303426]), and OGG1 (Ser326Cys [rs1052133] and 748‐15C>G [rs2072668]) are associated with GB carcinogenesis risk in a North Indian population.RESULTS:The authors found that the ERCC2 Asp312Asn AA, MSH2 IVS1 + 9G>C CC, OGG1 Ser326Cys GG and CG + GG, and OGG1 748‐15C>G GG and CG + GG genotypes were significantly associated with an increased risk of GB carcinogenesis (odds ratio [OR], 2.1, 1.8, 2.5, 1.8, 2.0, and 1.6, respectively). In contrast, ERCC2 Lys751Gln, and MSH2 −118T>C markers showed no significant associations with GB carcinogenesis risk, although because of the small sample size their effects cannot be ruled out. Female GB carcinogenesis patients with the OGG1 748‐15C>G GG, OGG1 Ser326Cys GG, and ERCC2 Asp312Asn genotypes had a greater risk for developing the disease (OR, 3.6, 7.7, and 2.7, respectively). There was a significant interaction between MSH2 IVS1 + 9G>C and OGG1 748‐15C>G polymorphisms (P = .001). Furthermore, individuals with >6 variant alleles of the studied polymorphisms were at 4‐fold increased risk for developing GB carcinogenesis. Classification and Regression Tree analysis revealed potential higher‐order gene‐gene interactions and categorized a few higher‐risk subgroups for GB carcinogenesis.CONCLUSIONS:These results suggest that genetic variants in the DNA repair pathways may be involved in GB carcinogenesis etiology. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Towards performance portability through runtime adaptation for high‐performance computing applications
Authors: Gabriel Edgar , Feki Saber , Benkert Katharina , Resch Michael M. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe Abstract Data and Communication Library (ADCL) is an adaptive communication library optimizing application level group communication operations at runtime. The library provides for a given communication pattern a large number of implementations and incorporates a runtime selection logic in order to choose the implementation leading to the highest performance. In this paper, we demonstrate how an application utilizing ADCL is deployed on a wide range of HPC architectures, including an IBM Blue Gene/L, an NEC SX‐8, an IBM Power PC cluster using an IBM Federation Switch, an AMD Opteron cluster utilizing a 4xInfiniBand and a Gigabit Ethernet network, and an Intel EM64T cluster using a hierarchical Gigabit Ethernet network with reduced uplink bandwidth. We demonstrate, how different implementations for the three‐dimensional neighborhood communication lead to the minimal execution time of the application on different architectures. ADCL gives the user the advantage of having to maintain only a single version of the source code and still have the ability to achieve close to optimal performance for the application on all architectures. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Crystal growth and defects in Ga3PO7 crystals
Authors: Xu Guogang , Li Jing , Guo Yongjie , Han Shujuan , Wang Jiyang 
Published: April 2010

AbstractCrystals with a non‐centrosymmetric structure are of great interest owing to their properties such as ferroelectricity, piezoelectricity, dielectric behavior and optical properties. In this letter, Ga3PO7 crystals are grown by the top‐seeded solution growth (TSSG) method from a Li2O‐3MoO3 flux. It crystallizes in a non‐centrosymmetric trigonal crystal system with space group R3m within point group 3m. The growth defects are investigated by means of chemical etching method. The results reveal hot concentrated phosphoric acid to be a good etchant for Ga3PO7. The main defects are cracks, inclusions, dislocations and twin. In the meantime, the effective measures for reducing the defects are proposed. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Dissecting the role of Fgf signaling during gastrulation and left‐right axis formation in mouse embryos using chemical inhibitors
Authors: Oki Shinya , Kitajima Keiko , Meno Chikara 
Published: April 2010

AbstractFgf signaling plays pivotal roles in mouse gastrulation and left‐right axis formation. However, although genetic analyses have revealed important aspects of Fgf signaling in these processes, the temporal resolution of genetic studies is low. Here, we combined whole‐embryo culture with application of chemical compounds to inhibit Fgf signaling at specific time points. We found that sodium chlorate and PD173074 are potent inhibitors of Fgf signaling in early mouse embryos. Fgf signaling is required for the epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition of the primitive streak before the onset of gastrulation. Once gastrulation begins, Fgf signaling specifies mesodermal fates via the Ras/MAPK downstream cascade. Finally, Fgf signaling on the posterior side of the embryo during gastrulation induces Nodal expression in the node via Tbx6‐Dll1, the initial event required for Nodal expression in the left lateral plate mesoderm. Developmental Dynamics 239:1768–1778, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A novel role of CXCR4 and SDF‐1 during migration of cloacal muscle precursors
Authors: Rehimi Rizwan , Khalida Nargis , Yusuf Faisal , Morosan‐Puopolo Gabriela , Brand‐Saberi Beate 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe cloaca acts as a common chamber into which gastrointestinal and urogenital tracts converge in lower vertebrates. The distal end of the cloaca is guarded by a ring of cloacal muscles or sphincters, the equivalent of perineal muscles in mammals. It has recently been shown that the development of the cloacal musculature depends on hindlimb muscle formation. The signaling molecules responsible for the outward migration of hindlimb myogenic precursors are not known. Based on the expression studies for CXCR4 and SDF‐1, we hypothesized a role of this signaling pair during cloacal muscle precursor migration. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of SDF‐1/CXCR4 during cloacal muscle precursor migration in the chicken embryos. We show that SDF‐1 is expressed in the cloacal region, and by experimentally manipulating the SDF‐1/CXCR4 signaling, we can show that SDF‐1 guides the migration of CXCR4‐expressing cloacal muscle precursors. Developmental Dynamics 239:1622–1631, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Shop talk: Sugars, bones, and a disease called multiple hereditary exostoses
Authors: Roehl Henry H. , Pacifici Maurizio 
Published: April 2010

AbstractOn October 29, 2009, researchers and physicians gathered at the Sheraton Four Points Hotel in Boston for 4 days to discuss a disease called multiple hereditary exostoses (MHE). MHE is an autosomal dominant disease that is associated with mutations in two enzymes that are required for heparan sulfate (HS) synthesis. Children with the disease form numerous benign bone tumors (osteochondromas) and have >2% chance of developing chondrosarcoma. The aim of the meeting was to generate new ideas for the diagnoses, treatment, and cure of this disease. Discussions ranged from orthopedic surgical treatment and patients' personal experiences to fundamental questions in skeletal biology and the precise molecular role that HS plays in developmental signaling pathways. Developmental Dynamics 239:1901–1904, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression analysis of an evolutionary conserved metallophosphodiesterase gene, Mpped1, in the normal and β‐catenin–deficient malformed dorsal telencephalon
Authors: Chen Chun‐Ming , Wang Hsuan‐Yao , You Li‐Ru , Shang Rong‐Li , Liu Fu‐Chin 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe report the expression of the mouse Mpped1 in the telencephalon through embryonic stages to adulthood. Using Northern blotting analysis and RNA in situ hybridization (ISH), our data show that Mpped1 is specifically expressed in the brain and is enriched in the cortical plate of the developing telencephalon. Postnatally, the expression of Mpped1 is reduced in the cerebral cortex relative to its levels in the embryonic dorsal telencephalon. Also, Mpped1 expression is sustained in the hippocampal CA1 region. Examination of the expression of Mpped1 and other cortical layer markers by ISH in a malformed β‐catenin null dorsal telencephalon show that the Mpped1‐, Cux2‐, and Rorβ‐expressing superficial cortical layers are reduced and form patchy patterns, and the Tbr‐1‐expressing deep‐layer neurons are incorrectly located on superficial layers, indicative of a migration defect of cortical neurons in the absence of β‐catenin. Developmental Dynamics 239:1797–1806, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.