bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The origin and fate of organic carbon in graphite-manganese bearing rocks and implications for the Lomagundi-Jatuli Event
Authors: Santos Felipe Holanda , Amaral Wagner Silva , Filho Evilarde Carvalho Uchôa , Caxito Fabrício Andrade , Souza Ana Clara Braga , Martins Doulgas Teixeira , Feitosa Brenda Andrade 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Our study helps to unravel the complexity of the Lomagundi-Jatuli event, the largest and longest positive carbon isotope excursion ever recorded on the Earth's surface, by providing a unique view of Paleoproterozoic graphitic rocks from the Borborema province of Northeastern Brazil. Through detailed mineralogical, textural, chemical and isotopic analyses, we bring a new perspective that challenges existing views of the global impact of the Lomagundi-Jatuli event. Graphite crystals with distinctive textural features occur in association with silicate and oxidised manganese ores, manganese quartzites, garnetites, and gneisses. The graphites were crystallised at temperatures up to 634ºC, consistent with amphibolite facies metamorphism, according to Raman thermometry. An average carbon content of 2.1 wt%, with δ13C values ranging from -15.0 to -21.5‰, is indicated by whole-rock geochemistry and carbon isotopic composition. Based on these results, our study proposes that these graphitic rocks may represent remnants of organic matter, possibly derived from bacterial biomass associated with manganese-rich sediments, preserved under reducing environmental conditions. Biological mediation on the origin of silicates is suggested by the close relationship between reduced manganese silicates and graphite. These constraints indicate that Paleoproterozoic graphite-rich rocks represent an important but overlooked reservoir of organic carbon that was partially degassed during the metamorphism of organic-rich sequences. Overall, this research highlights the complex interplay between organic carbon, manganese-rich rocks and Earth's evolutionary processes during the Lomagundi-Jatuli event.
The effects of acoustic-light-thermal environment quality parameters on pedestrians’ overall comforts in residential districts
Authors: Zeng Fanxi , Liang Shuang , Zhang Jian , Chen Yanyi , Feng Shuangyan , Mo Quanzhang , Zhou Tianru , Lai Yumao , Liu Ting , Wang Siqi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This study explored subjective responses towards various environmental quality parameters. In order to investigate the combined effects of sound, light, and heat on the overall comfort (evaluated by overall comfort vote, OCV) of pedestrians, two residential areas in Yubei District, Chongqing (a Cfa city in China) were selected for field measurements combining questionnaires. Three main conclusions were drawn. Firstly, the average outdoor neutral temperature (NT), LAeq, and LUX were 26.6 °C (indicated by physiologically equivalent temperature, PET), 56.5 dBA, 21.4103 lx, respectively. Secondly, since the effects of both physiology and psychology, thermal perceptions varied for acoustic and light environments. This could be explained by the different NTs in various sound pressure or light levels. Thirdly, environmental quality factors had significant effects on overall comfort. Significant positive correlation between heat stress (PET) and OCV was found (sig＜0.000); while the effects of sound pressure and light intensity were not always significant. Hence, thermal stress played a significant role in people’s overall comfort. Findings of this study were directive for future environment design for creating more physiologically comfortable spaces.
Prospective associations between structural brain development and onset of depressive disorder during adolescence and emerging adulthood
Authors: Whittle Sarah , Rakesh Divyangana , Simmons Julian , Schwartz Orli , Vijayakumar Nandita , Allen Nicholas 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Brain structural alterations are consistently reported in depressive disorders, yet it remains unclear whether these alterations reflect a pre-existing vulnerability or are the result of psychopathology. We aimed to investigate prospective adolescent neurodevelopmental risk markers for depressive disorder onset, using data from a fifteen-year longitudinal study. A risk-enriched community sample of 161 adolescents who had no history of depressive disorders participated in neuroimaging assessments conducted during early (age 12), mid (age 16) and late adolescence (age 19). Onsets of depressive disorders were assessed for the period spanning early adolescence through emerging adulthood (post-baseline, ages 12 to 27). Forty-six participants (28 female) experienced a first episode of a depressive disorder during the follow-up period; eighty-three participants (36 female) received no mental disorder diagnosis. Joint modelling was used to investigate whether brain structure (subcortical volume, cortical thickness and surface area) or age-related changes in brain structure were associated with the risk of depressive disorder onset. Analyses revealed that age-related increases in a) amygdala volume (hazard ratio [HR] 3.01, pFDR 0.036), and b) thickness of temporal (parahippocampal [HR 3.73, p 0.004] and fusiform gyri [HR 4.14, p 0.003]), insula (HR 4.49, p 0.024) and occipital (lingual gyrus, HR 4.19, p 0.013) regions were associated with the onset of depressive disorder. Findings suggest that relative increases in amygdala volume and temporal, insula, and occipital cortical thickness across adolescence may reflect disturbances of normative brain development, predisposing some individuals to depression. This raises the possibility that prior findings of grey matter decreases in clinically depressed individuals may instead reflect alterations that are caused by disorder-related factors.
Joint multi-site domain adaptation and multi-modality feature selection for the diagnosis of psychiatric disorders
Authors: Ji Yixin , Silva Rogers F. , Adali Tülay , Wen Xuyun , Zhu Qi , Jiang Rongtao , Zhang Daoqiang , Qi Shile , Calhoun Vince D. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Identifying biomarkers for computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) is crucial for early intervention of psychiatric disorders. Multi-site data have been utilized to increase the sample size and improve statistical power, while multi-modality classification offers significant advantages over traditional single-modality based approaches for diagnosing psychiatric disorders. However, inter-site heterogeneity and intra-modality heterogeneity present challenges to multi-site and multi-modality based classification. In this paper, brain functional and structural networks (BFNs/BSNs) from multiple sites were constructed to establish a joint multi-site multi-modality framework for psychiatric diagnosis. To do this we developed a hypergraph based multi-source domain adaptation (HMSDA) which allows us to transform source domain subjects into a target domain. A local ordinal structure based multi-task feature selection (LOSMFS) approach was developed by integrating the transformed functional and structural connections (FCs/SCs). The effectiveness of our method was validated by evaluating diagnosis of both schizophrenia (SZ) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The proposed method obtained accuracies of 92.2%±2.22% and 84.8%±2.68% for the diagnosis of SZ and ASD, respectively. We also compared with 6 domain adaptation (DA), 10 multi-modality feature selection, and 8 multi-site and multi-modality methods. Results showed the proposed HMSDA + LOSMFS effectively integrates multi-site and multi-modality data to enhance psychiatric diagnosis and identify disorder-specific diagnostic brain connections.
Prospective and External Validation of Prognostic Machine Learning Models for Short- and Long-Term Mortality Among Acutely Admitted Patients Based on Blood Tests.
Authors: Jawad Baker Nawfal , Altintas Izzet , Eugen-Olsen Jesper , Niazi Siar , Mansouri Abdullah , Rasmussen Line Jee Hartmann , Schultz Martin , Iversen Kasper , Holm Nikolaj Normann , Kallemose Thomas , Andersen Ove , Nehlin Jan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The application of machine learning (ML) models in emergency departments (EDs) to predict short- and long-term mortality encounters challenges, particularly in balancing simplicity with performance. This study addresses this gap by developing models that uses a minimal set of biomarkers, derived from a single blood sample at admission, to predict both short-term and long-term mortality. Our approach utilizes biomarkers representing vital organs and the immune system, offering a comprehensive view of both acute and chronic disease states. Moreover, by integrating explainable machine learning methods, we ensured that clinicians can easily interpret the model's outputs. Our Analysis included 65,484 admissions from three cohorts at two large Danish university hospitals, demonstrating the models' efficacy with high accuracy, with AUC values between 0·87 and 0·93. These results underscore that a single assessment of routine clinical biochemistry upon admission can serve as a powerful tool for both short-term and long-term mortality prediction in ED admissions.
Enhanced precision in automatic identification of Coronal Hole regions in solar images using the proposed Supervised Intensity Thresholding with Distance Transform Clustering and Connected Component Labeling (SITDTCCCL) method on data collected by the Solar Dynamic Observatory between January 2019 and July 2023
Authors: Nandi Dibyadeep , Anupam Angesh , Roy Soumya , Prasad Amrita , Patra Sankar Narayan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Coronal Hole (CH) being a crucial feature of solar corona bears immense importance in the field of Astronomy and Solar Physics because it contributes to Geomagnetic storms through the emission of Charged particles into interplanetary space, impacting both space weather and weather of the Earth and also impacts in the lives of Earth and Space. So detection of Coronal Hole regions is a significant task. Many attempts have already been made in this regard. In this work we are proposing a new method, for the automatic detection of CH regions using a deep learning technique, we used Supervised Intensity Thresholding with Distance Transform Clustering and Connected Component Labeling (SITDTCCCL) to find out Regions of Interest (ROI) from solar images of spectrum 193Å193Å of Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA), available at onboard Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) and a state-of-the-art deep learning method (three YOLO v 8 models, such as YOLO v8n(nano), YOLO v8m(medium), YOLO v8x(extra large)) which has shown excellent performance in detection of CH regions with the scores of evaluation matrices such as F1 score 95% Precision 97.1%, mAP50 98.1% and True Positive Rate (TPR) 100%.
Majocchi’s granuloma caused by Trichophyton rubrum in a type 2 diabetes patient and Review of Published Literature
Authors: Geng Hanqing , Bao Fangfang , Yang Baoqi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum are common in dermatological disease, such as tinea manuum, tinea pedis, and tinea corporis. However, deep infection caused by T.rubrum was relatively rare in clinical. One of the types of Majocchi’ s granuloma (MG) is subcutaneous nodules that tends to happen to patients with an immunosuppression state.
Case presentation
The present report describes a case of MG caused by T.rubrum in a 59-year-old woman with a history of type 2 diabetes for five years. She had a red plaque appeared on the ring finger of left hand half a year ago and then the lymphatic vessels gradually develop upward into the forearm. MG was diagnosed by histopathological examination and fungal culture. We gave the patient oral itraconazole capsules 200 mg per day and naftifine cream for external use. One month later, the patient’s skin lesion was obvious subsided.
Conclusion
With a rising incidence rate of diabetes, clinical vigilance should be raised if patients with long-term medical history of diabetes. Increased sugar content in diabetic skin tissue and accumulation of glycation end products (AGEs), skin barrier function declined. Early diagnosis via accurate histopathological examination or fungal culture are vital for prompt treatment that results in better outcomes for the afflicted patients.
Modified Sanliangsan improved Sjogren’s syndrome complicated with interstitial lung disease by suppressing serum MUC1 levels
Authors: Tan Lihui , Lv Wang , Chen Yuqi , Dong Jianjian , Mao Dun , Wei Rong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To clarify if the mechanism of Sanliangsan in improving Sjogren’s syndrome complicated with interstitial lung disease (SS-ILD) involves MUC1 suppression, which is involved in SS-ILD pathogenesis.
Methods
Fifty-six patients were randomly divided into two groups receiving Sanliangsan prescription therapy and conventional therapy. In-depth transcriptome profiles collected and analyzed to identify candidate genes involved in SS pathogenesis. Clinical symptom scores, metabolic compositions, lung HRCT scores, and serum MUC1 levels were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Metabolome analyzed the metabolic composition of serum with SS-ILD before and after SP treatment.
Results
Transcriptome results identified the involvement of abnormal expression of genes relevant to the immune system, inflammatory responses, and signaling pathways. MUC1 was involved in SS pathogenesis and could be used to diagnose SS-ILD early. The SP therapy improved SS-ILD more effectively than conventional therapy. Moreover, Sanliangsan prescription therapy reduced serum MUC1 levels and restored the abnormal metabolisms, improving the abnormal inflammatory and immune responses of patients. Eugenol directly interacted with MUC1, and suppressed related genes, and was the bioactive compound of SP.
Conclusion
Modified Sanliangsan can improve the clinical symptoms, signs, and lung function of patients; the mechanism may be due to eugenol and related to MUC1 regulation
DNA barcoding of Andaman Padauk (Pterocarpus dalbergioides Roxb.,) an endemic tree species of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
Authors: Iyyappan Jaisankar , De Arun Kumar , Pari Prabhu , Ezekiel Manasseh Moses 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The research investigates the genetic distinctiveness of Pterocarpus dalbergioides Roxb., commonly known as Andaman padauk, an endemic tree species of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The study employs DNA barcoding techniques, focusing on three barcode loci (ITS2, matK, and rbcL), to discern the species from closely related counterparts within the Pterocarpus genus. Sampling from 30 distinct locations across the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, genomic DNA isolation, PCR amplification, and sequencing were done. Polymorphism analysis revealed varying degrees of genetic diversity across the three barcode loci, with ITS2 demonstrating the highest discriminatory power. Phylogenetic analyses based on ITS2, matK, and rbcL sequences elucidated distinct species-specific clusters, reaffirming the endemic nature of P. dalbergioides to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Notably, ITS2 proved superior in species resolution compared to plastid barcodes (matK and rbcL). The study highlighted the utility of DNA barcoding in accurately identifying species, particularly in distinguishing closely related taxa within the Pterocarpus genus. The findings highlight the ecological and economic significance of P. dalbergioides as a valuable timber species and emphasize the importance of DNA barcoding in combating illegal trade and ensuring the sustainable management of endemic tree species. Overall, the research contributes to our understanding of the genetic diversity and conservation of P. dalbergioides, offering insights into its evolutionary relationships and aiding in the development of conservation strategies.
ARHGAP44 gene: a cytoskeleton mobility related modulator with potential implication in pan-cancer prognosis risk prediction and immune regulation
Authors: Shen Ningning , Yang Huijun , Wang Xuzhi , Du Juan , Miao Lei , Liu Siying , Yang Zhiqing , Gao Lifang , Ma Wenxia , Wang Chen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Rho GTPases has been a well known family of small G proteins that regulate cellular cytoskeleton dynamics and involve in multiple critical steps of cancer progression. However, ARHGAP44 gene which is a member of GAP proteins that regulates the Rho GTPases cycling between their active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound state, its role in cancer development is still lack of understanding. The study is to analyze the function of ARHGAP44 gene in broad spectrum human cancers, thus aiding better understanding of the collaborative network of cytoskeleton related genes in cancers.
Methods
In the study, we started with the analysis of the genetic characteristics of ARHGAP44 gene, followed by its expression patterns, frequent alterations as well as survival prediction value in broad spectrum human cancers. Further, the probable reasons for the aberrant changed expression of ARHGAP44 in cancers comparing to corresponding normal control samples were investigated. Moreover, the correlation of ARHGAP44 with multiple critical clinical cancer parameters were in succession performed.
Results
Firstly, basic genetic physicochemical properties of ARHGAP44 including its aminoacid composition, estimated molecular weight and protein half life were investigated. Then, genetic alteration analysis revealed that ARHGAP44 expression various in human cancers, which was partly due to the modulation by DNA methylation and phosphorylation. Further, ARHGAP44 gene was indicated to be associated with multiple critical cancer traits including cancer stemness, cytoskeleton dynamics as well as immune infiltration in different human cancer types. Moreover, ARHGAP44 gene was also supported to be associated with the sensitivity of several chemotherapy related drugs.
Conclusions
Based on multiple analysis, some valuable strategies to guide the therapeutic orientation concerning the role of ARHGAP44 gene in human cancers were revealed, although more detailed experiments and clinical trials are obligatory to support further clinical medical application of the gene, especially in each independent type of cancers.
Transient local heterogenisation and regional homogenisation linked to dam-induced habitat loss in the Brazilian Atlantic riparian forests
Authors: Wuerges Mariah , Mantovani-Silva Eduarda , Peroni Nivaldo , Giehl Eduardo Luís Hettwer 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Riparian forests are vital for biodiversity at local and regional scales, but dam construction for hydroelectric power alters these ecosystems, causing habitat loss and changing river dynamics. We investigate dam impacts on tree diversity in the southern Brazilian Atlantic Forest, sampling trees along riverbanks and uplands across 15 fragments affected by dams. We analyse the relationship between habitat loss, elevation difference, fragment size, and dam implementation time with alpha and beta diversity using mixed models and redundancy analyses. Habitat loss had a more significant impact on beta diversity than on alpha diversity, resulting in varied implications across spatial scales for riparian forests. The loss of local habitats led to a shift in the species composition of communities. As the intensity, spatial extent, and temporal scale of the impact intensified, communities exhibited diminished uniqueness. Meanwhile, alpha diversity displayed an increase solely in response to the local elevation differences between uplands and riverbanks. We propose that our sampling design is transferable to inadequately monitored systems to inform about beta diversity, a component of diversity which is still often neglected either on licensing stages or during mitigation of dam-related impacts. Furthermore, our findings indicate a transient local heterogenisation, which subsequently transitioned into biotic regional homogenisation, attributed to dam-induced habitat loss in the Brazilian Atlantic riparian forests.
Polarised crowd in motion: Insights into statistical and dynamical behavior
Authors: Jena Pratikshya , Mishra Shradha 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The collection of active agents often exhibits intriguing statistical and dynamical properties, particularly when consid-
ering human crowds. In this study, we have developed a computational model to simulate the recent experiment on real
marathon races by Bain et al., [Science 363, 46–49 (2019)]. Our primary goal is to investigate the impact of race staff
on crowd dynamics. By comparing simulated races with and without the presence of race staff, our study reveals that
the local velocity and density of participants display a wave pattern akin to real races for both the cases. The observed
traveling wave in the crowd consistently propagates at a constant speed, regardless of the system size under consid-
eration. The participants’ dynamics in the longitudinal direction primarily contribute to velocity fluctuations, while
fluctuations in the transverse direction are suppressed. In the absence of race staff, density and velocity fluctuations
weaken without significantly affecting other statistical and dynamic characteristics of the crowd. Through this research,
we aim to deepen our understanding of crowd motion, providing insights that can inform the development of effective
crowd management strategies and contribute to the successful control of such events.
Percutaneous closure of the PFO through the right internal jugular vein using a non-steerable sheath: A Case Report
Authors: Wu Zhengbo , Wu Yang , Liu Yang , Hu Jiqiang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Paradoxical embolism is a significant cause of cryptogenic stroke (CS) in patients with patent foramen ovale (PFO). Venous embolism is typically found in the lower extremities. When venous access in the lower extremities is blocked, it can impede occlusion of the PFO and increase the risk of CS recurrence. This case report presents an unusual clinical scenario in a 60-year-old woman. The patient was admitted to the hospital for CS accompanied by migraine. The patent foramen ovale (PFO) was confirmed by agitated saline contrast echocardiography (ASCE). During the percutaneous PFO closure procedure, angiography indicated bilateral iliac vein occlusion, making the conventional vascular approach for PFO closure unusable. The right internal jugular vein was accessed using a non-steerable sheath and the Amplatzer PFO occluder (25/18mm) was successfully implanted for the patient. The position of the occluder was confirmed to be firmly fixed in the atrial septum by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). One week of postoperative follow-up revealed no complications. Active blocking of PFO in CS patients with venous embolism can be beneficial. When the veins in the lower extremities are not accessible, it may be feasible to utilize the internal jugular veins in the upper body. Generally speaking, a non-steerable sheath is suitable for femoral vascular access in most PFO cases. When the femoral vascular approach is not accessible, a non-steerable sheath can be passed through the right internal jugular vein to complete the PFO occlusion procedure.