bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why do some countries have a long‐term dependence on food aid?
Authors: Moore Winston , Stanford Sunielle 
Published: September 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the main determinants of dependency on food aid programmes. Food aid may take the form of a loan, a sale below market price or a current transfer. Food aid programmes across the globe are generally designed to provide short‐term assistance to countries. However, many countries have developed a dependence on food aid assistance.Design/methodology/approachThe paper estimates cross‐sectional regressions using a database containing 116 developing countries over the period 1970‐2003. Bayesian averaging of classical estimates is employed to identify the robust determinants of dependency.FindingsThe study finds that the top two determinants of food aid dependence (both cereals and non‐cereals) were food production and the frequency of droughts affecting the country. Food inflation, population density, crop yields, the amount of arable land per capita, the rule of law and the number of armed conflicts were also robustly related to aid dependence.Practical implicationsThese findings suggest that international donors should focus primarily on offsetting the substitution effect of aid on local production as well as implement systems to partially offset the negative effects of droughts, if they are to break the cycle of dependence on food aid.Originality/valuePrevious studies have investigated the effects of a large number of other variables. The findings from these papers were somewhat conflicting due to differences in model specification. To identify the variables that have a robust relationship with food aid dependence, whatever the model specification, the Bayesian averaging of classical estimates approach proposed by Sala‐i‐Martin et al. is employed.
National Trust nurtures talent
Authors: Desmond Billy 
Published: September 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe, in particular bringing the world of L&D, OD and Strategy together as a cohesive unit. This has practical implications and is informed by qualitative cutting‐edge research and case studies.Design/methodology/approachThis briefing is prepared by one of the consultants who was working on the project, and hence it describes the phenomenological experience while also complementing this with further reflections to enrich the learning attained from this process.FindingsThe paper describes how Ashridge Consulting, part of a leading European business school, worked in collaboration with The National Trust, the charity which conserves heritage buildings and places in England, Wales and Northern Ireland – to provide a development program for Functional Advisors. Insight is provided into the benefits of a relational approach to consulting and working collaboratively to provide tailored Learning and Development intervention at a time of strategic change. Also, a high level overview is provided of an inquiry approach and the importance of a co‐created design to ensure success of a significant investment for organizations. A robust evaluative inquiry demonstrates how participants and those who benefit from their services and expertise have benefited and makes it clear that dynamic learning translated into action at individual and systemic levels is having positive impact on the Trust's ongoing success.Practical implicationsThe paper provides insight from credible practitioner researchers who offer strategic insights and practical thinking that has made a difference to a large organization and can be translated for other leading organizations.Social implicationsThis paper emphasizes the importance of attending to relationships and building connections as a way of supporting change that is sustainable in the long term rather than focusing on short‐term benefits.Originality/valueThe paper provides insight for leaders, executives and researchers by clearly illustrating through a real and ongoing consulting intervention how an L&D intervention can be integrated into an OD intervention within the wider strategic context. This brief may be helpful at times of much change.
Quantum dots: a bright future for photonic nanosensors
Authors: Bogue Robert 
Published: September 2010

PurposeThe paper aims to provide a technical review of the application of quantum dot (QD) technology to sensors.Design/methodology/approachFollowing a brief introduction to QD technology, this paper considers recent research on QD‐based physical, chemical and gas sensors.FindingsThis shows that QDs are being exploited in a range of experimental sensors for detecting physical variables, notably radiant/electromagnetic quantities and temperature; chemical compounds, such as metals and many species of clinical interest; and a variety of gases and vapours. Prospects also exist to develop improved sources and detectors for use in optical gas sensors.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper does not consider biomedical uses of QDs such as cellular imaging, bioassays and biosensors.Originality/valueThis provides a detailed insight into recent research on physical, chemical and gas sensors based on QD technology.
A “cross‐cultural RELQUAL‐scale” in supplier‐distributor relationships of Sweden and the USA
Authors: Payan Janice M. , Svensson Göran , Awuah Gabriel , Andersson Svante , Hair Joe 
Published: September 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a cross‐cultural RELQUAL‐scale in supplier‐distributor relationships in Sweden and the USA.Design/methodology/approachThe Swedish and US sampling frames consisted each of a random sample of 600 owners and managers of distribution firms of specialty tools and fasteners. A total of 161 usable surveys were returned from the US‐survey, for a response rate of 27 percent, while 121 usable surveys were returned from the Swedish survey, for a response rate of 20 percent. An overall response rate of 24 percent was achieved across both countries.FindingsThe paper provides support for the dimensional distinctiveness of cooperation, coordination, specific assets, satisfaction, trust, and commitment. Four of the dimensions are reflective of relationship quality or the “cross‐cultural RELQUAL‐scale” (cooperation, coordination, trust, and commitment) and relationship quality was found to be associated with relationship‐satisfaction with suppliers. A test of metric invariance confirmed the RELQUAL‐scale is appropriate for cross‐cultural research.Research limitations/implicationsExamining the tested in other industrial and cultural contexts and countries in other inter‐organizational settings could help establish the generality of findings beyond Sweden and the USA and that beyond the context of the distributor‐supplier relationship of fasteners and specialty tools.Practical implicationsThe “cross‐cultural RELQUAL‐scale” is of interest to business practice as it provides a structure of dimensions to be considered in the organizational effort of maintaining satisfactory levels of relationship quality with suppliers.Originality/valueThe paper focuses on two different cultural contexts, which is an approach rarely seen in inter‐organizational research. The focal constructs are frequently included in inter‐organizational research, but have previously not been included in the same empirical study of RELQUAL.
Consumer responses to East‐West writing system differences
Authors: Hernandez Monica D. , Minor Michael S. 
Published: September 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is threefold. First, it aims to review East‐West writing system (cross‐script) differences and summarize previous work examining the cross‐script effect on consumer responses. Second, it aims to describe the implications for international marketing and cross‐cultural studies. Third, it seeks to propose specific questions for future research.Design/methodology/approachFirst, the paper presents a critical literature review of studies investigating cross‐script differences influencing consumer attitudes, memory, and information processing. Based on the provided integrative analysis, future directions are indicated for areas relying heavily on written communication, such as international marketing communications, internet marketing, international branding, and cross‐cultural consumer research.FindingsDespite the pervasive nature and importance of written language, scant research has addressed differences between East/West consumer responses attributable to native script processing.Originality/valueThe paper is among the first to point out the insufficiency of scholarly studies on written language effects on consumer responses. The findings raise international marketers' awareness of differences in East‐West written language processing in order to effectively target consumers.
Dynamics of narcissistic leadership in organizations
Authors: Ouimet Gérard 
Published: September 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to establish a critical synthesis of the dynamics of narcissistic leadership in organizations. Moreover, this paper offers suggestions for research aimed at providing greater insight into this form of leadership.Design/methodology/approachThe paper comprises a review of the latest scientific research in the field of narcissistic leadership. In strictly methodological terms, this synthesis can thus be classified as a literature review.FindingsThe paper presents details of four factors that can trigger manifestations of narcissistic leadership: idiosyncratic, cultural, environmental and structural factors.Research limitations/implicationsBased on a comprehensive review of the literature, this paper proposes an analysis of the dominant characteristics and dynamics of narcissistic leadership, essentially from the point of view of a pathological narcissism of the overt (grandiose) type. It would be interesting to extend the exploration to another form of narcissistic leadership – namely, covert (vulnerable) leadership.Practical implicationsThrough its exploration of the nature and limits of narcissistic leadership, this paper proposes avenues of research that could have interesting managerial applications.Originality/valueTo the author's knowledge, this is the first synthesis to propose an integrated research model that incorporates the antecedents, components and consequences of narcissistic leadership in organizations.
Workplace bullying partially mediates the climate‐health relationship
Authors: Giorgi Gabriele 
Published: September 2010

PurposeThe paper seeks to validate a structural model wherein workplace bullying is depicted as related to health by way of mediating the relationship between organizational climate with health.Design/methodology/approachOver 700 Japanese employees completed a shorter version of the Majer D'Amato organizational questionnaire 10, the Negative Acts Questionnaire Revised and the Center for Epidemiologic Study for Depression. Lifestyle variables (alcohol consumption and sleeping hours) were also collected from participants. Structural equation modelling was used to test the hypothesis.FindingsA model of bullying at work was developed which incorporated relationships among organizational and health factors. Workplace bullying partially mediated the climate‐health relationship.Originality/valueThe model developed within this paper integrates prior theoretical work on workplace bullying and helps researchers and organizations understand the process through organizational risk factors that might have a negative association with employees' health. Further, this paper contributes an understanding of workplace bullying in a non‐Western context.
A prosocial self‐concept approach to understanding organizational citizenship behavior
Authors: Mayfield Clifton O. , Taber Thomas D. 
Published: September 2010

PurposeIndividual characteristics have been weaker correlates of organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) than have attitudinal and contextual variables; however, few individual characteristics have been examined. This paper seeks to broaden the search for possible antecedents to include individuals' prosocial self‐concept.Design/methodology/approachA survey (n=226) was conducted to examine the relationship between university students' prosocial self‐concept and their intentions to engage in campus‐related service and citizenship activities. Prosocial self‐concept was assessed with Crandall's 24‐item Social Interest Scale.FindingsProsocial self‐concept correlated modestly, but significantly, with OCB intentions toward fellow students (r=0.16,p<0.05), and OCB intentions toward society (r=0.18,p<0.05), but not with OCB intentions toward the university (r=0.12). Identification with the university correlated significantly with OCB intentions toward the university (r=0.29,p<0.001), but not with OCB intentions toward fellow students (r=0.13) or society (r=0.11). No significant interaction effects on OCBs were found between prosocial self‐concept and organizational identification.Research limitations/implicationsObserved correlations among prosocial self‐concept, university identification and the OCBs are very likely underestimated due to probable restrictions in the variance of the OCBs.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that prosocial self‐concept may be a unique correlate of OCB, contributing variance not accounted for by other variables.Originality/valueFew empirical studies have examined the relationship between self‐concept and OCB.
Time use in Spain: is polychronicity a cultural phenomenon?
Authors: Adams Simon J.M. , van Eerde Wendelien 
Published: September 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to measure polychronicity in Spain, traditionally typified as having a polychronic culture, characterized by a multifocused working environment.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 134 executives from 19 organizations in Madrid completed a questionnaire on polychronicity (working on more than one task at a time), time tangibility (precision in time use and performance), context (direct or indirect communication) and attention to people (whether people are dealt with spontaneously or in a more scheduled manner).FindingsContrary to what was expected in light of the traditional image of Spain, results indicate a tendency towards monochronicity. Gender and age did not show a relation with polychronicity. Time tangibility and context were also unrelated to polychronicity. A previously unmeasured variable, implied in Hall's original work, the spontaneous attention to people in establishing and maintaining good work relations, was positively related to polychronicity. Having worked for a multinational was also positively related to polychronicity.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was undertaken in Madrid only and focused on differences within a Spanish sample and no cross‐cultural comparison was made.Originality/valueAs far as the authors are aware, this is the first study of polychronicity in Spain. Social interaction, coined previously as an explanation for polychronic behavior, was added in this paper.
The missing link between emotional demands and exhaustion
Authors: Peng Kelly Z. , Wong Chi‐Sum , Che Hong‐Sheng 
Published: September 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to preliminary explain the possibly complicated moderating effects of job resources. The paper specifies the missing link between job demand and burnout by focusing on the coping strategy argument.Design/methodology/approachThe paper preliminary supports the mediated moderation model of the missing link by a large sample cross‐sectional survey.FindingsThe two coping strategies as mediators for the relationship between emotional demands and exhaustion are supported. Strong supports for the moderation effect of emotional intelligence on the relationship between emotional demands and the two coping strategies are found. Some support for the moderation of supervisor support on the relationship between deep acting and exhaustion are found.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper contributes to the job demands‐control‐support and job demands‐resources models, as the proposed model helps to explain the inconsistent results for the buffering effect of job resources found in the literature. It also contributes to the literature of emotional intelligence, as it provides clear evidence of its importance in handling emotional demands.Practical implicationsDeep acting is important. An organization may take more efforts in training employees to equip them with it. Emotional intelligence is also a vital resource and so organizations may benefit if they engage in relevant selection and training practices.Originality/valueEmotional intelligence, an individual ability, is empirically demonstrated to be an important type of job resources that can buffer the negative effect of job demands on employee well‐being.
Critical Realism … or Critical Idealism?
Authors: Callahan Gene 
Published: September 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to argue that the school of thought known as Critical Realism and the thinkers involved in the current revival of interest in British Idealism would benefit from interacting with each other.Design/methodology/approachThe paper proceeds by critically examining central tenets in the thought of each school, and exhibit their affinities and differences.FindingsIt is found that there are central themes and concerns shared by each school of thought, and that the recognition of such commonalities might prove mutually beneficial to the relevant parties in their goal of positively transforming social reality. Furthermore, the Critical Realist worry about Idealisms “irreality” is shown to be unfounded.Originality/valueThe close relationship of the ideas of these two “lines of thought” has not, to our knowledge, previously been highlighted. Having done so in the paper, a useful dialogue may ensue.
Which classroom service encounters make students happy or unhappy?
Authors: Voss Roediger , Gruber Thorsten , Reppel Alexander 
Published: September 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to explore satisfactory and dissatisfactory student‐professor encounters in higher education from a student's perspective. The critical incident technique (CIT) is used to categorise positive and negative student‐professor interactions and to reveal quality dimensions of professors.Design/methodology/approachAn exploratory study using an online application of the well‐established CIT method was conducted. The study took place at a large European university. A total of 96 students took part in the study on a voluntary basis and reported 164 incidents. Respondents were aged between 19 and 24 years (x=23.2) and slightly more female students (52 per cent) filled in the online CIT questionnaire than male students (48 per cent). On average, every student provided 1.7 incidents.FindingsThe results of the critical incident sorting process support previous classification systems that used three major groups to thoroughly represent the domain of (un)satisfactory student‐professor encounters. The results of the CIT study also revealed ten quality dimensions of professors, corroborating previous research in this area.Research limitations/implicationsOwing to the exploratory nature of the study and the scope and size of its student sample, the results outlined are tentative in nature. The research study also only investigates the experiences of one stakeholder group.Practical implicationsGaining knowledge of students' classroom experiences should be beneficial for professors to design their teaching programmes. Based on the results, universities might consider the introduction of student contracts or student satisfaction guarantees to manage student expectations effectively.Originality/valueThe paper was the first to successfully apply an online version of the CIT techniques to the issue of higher education services. This paper shows that the CIT method is a useful tool for exploring student‐professor encounters in higher education. The paper has hopefully opened up an area of research and methodology that could reap considerable further benefits for researchers interested in this area.
Academic dishonesty and perceptions of Pakistani students
Authors: Sajid Nazir Mian , Shakeel Aslam Muhammad 
Published: September 2010

PurposeAcademic dishonesty has been a matter of great concern in higher education for last few decades. The dishonest behavior of students at graduate and undergraduate level has become a severe issue for education and business sectors, especially when the students exercise same dishonest practices at their jobs. The present research aims to address this matter by investigating the perceptions of students towards academic dishonesty and exploring the security and penalties for dishonest acts of students.Design/methodology/approachA well‐structured questionnaire was used to collect the data from 958 respondents studying at graduate and undergraduate levels in different Pakistani universities.FindingsIt has been found that students involve in academic dishonest acts more frequently about which they believe to be less severe. Moreover, they also suggested lower or no penalties for the same dishonest acts which are perceived as less severe.Practical implicationsThe results provide a strong implication for academicians to develop the moralities and ethics in students so that institutions may provide ethically cultivated professionals to the business community.Originality/valueThe research paper is pioneer in its nature to explore the academic dishonest acts of students and their perceptions regarding some of the dimensions of academic dishonest and integrity in Pakistani university students.
Sustainability accounting and reporting: fad or trend?
Authors: Burritt Roger L. , Schaltegger Stefan 
Published: September 2010

PurposeThe paper aims to discuss the current development of sustainability accounting research, the identification of critical and managerial paths, and to assess of the future of sustainability accounting and reporting.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is a review of recent literature in sustainability accounting.FindingsAssessment of recent literature leads to the conclusion that both management decision making, through problem solving and scorekeeping, and a critical approach, through awareness raising, contribute to the development of sustainability accounting and reporting; however, the development of sustainability accounting and reporting should be orientated more towards improving management decision making.Originality/valueThe paper is a systematic review of recent research developments in sustainability accounting.