bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asiaticoside Inhibits Growth and Metastasis in Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer by Disrupting EMT via Wnt/β‐Catenin Pathway
Authors: Zhang Yanan , Liu Jiangyong , Yang Gang , Zou Jiani , Tan Yan , Xi Erping , Geng Qing , Wang Zheng 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTNon‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the primary inducer of cancer‐related death worldwide. Asiaticoside (ATS) is a triterpenoid saponin that has been indicated to possess an antitumor activity in several malignancies. Nonetheless, its detailed functions in NSCLC remain unclarified. In this study, NSCLC cells were exposed to various doses of ATS. Functional experiments were employed to estimate the ATS effect on NSCLC cell behaviors. Western blotting was implemented for protein expression evaluation. A xenograft mouse model was established to assess the ATS effect on NSCLC in vivo. The results showed that ATS restrained NSCLC cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, migration, and invasiveness. ATS reversed TGF‐β‐induced promotion in epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanistically, ATS inhibited Wnt/β‐catenin signaling in NSCLC. Upregulating β‐catenin restored ATS‐mediated suppression of NSCLC cell aggressiveness. Moreover, ATS administration repressed tumorigenesis in tumor‐bearing mice. In conclusion, ATS represses growth and metastasis in NSCLC by blocking EMT via the inhibition of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling.
Culture‐based susceptibility‐guided tailored versus empirical concomitant therapy as first‐line Helicobacter pylori treatment: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Lee Jeong Hoon , Min Byung‐Hoon , Gong Eun Jeong , Kim Jun Young , Na Hee Kyong , Ahn Ji Yong , Kim Do Hoon , Choi Kee Don , Min Yang Won , Lee Hyuk , Lee Jun Haeng , Jung Hwoon‐Yong , Kim Jae J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundWith the increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents, susceptibility‐guided tailored therapy has been emerging as an ideal strategy for Helicobacter pylori treatment. However, susceptibility‐guided tailored therapy requires additional cost, time consumption, and invasive procedure (endoscopy) and its superiority over empirical quadruple therapy as the first‐line H. pylori treatment remains unclear.AimsTo compare the efficacy of culture‐based susceptibility‐guided tailored versus empirical concomitant therapy as the first‐line Helicobacter pylori treatment.MethodsThis open‐label, randomized trial was performed in four Korean institutions. A total of 312 Patients with H. pylori‐positive culture test and naïve to treatment were randomly assigned in a 3:1 ratio to either culture‐based susceptibility‐guided tailored therapy (clarithromycin‐based or metronidazole‐based triple therapy for susceptible strains or bismuth quadruple therapy for dual‐resistant strains, n = 234) or empirical concomitant therapy (n = 78) for 10 days. Eradication success was evaluated by 13C‐urea breath test at least 4 weeks after treatment.ResultsPrevalence of dual resistance to both clarithromycin and metronidazole was 8%. H. pylori eradication rates for tailored and concomitant groups were 84.2% and 83.3% by intention‐to‐treat analysis (p = 0.859), respectively, and 92.9% and 91.5% by per‐protocol analysis, respectively (p = 0.702), which were comparable between the two groups. However, eradication rates for dual‐resistant strains were significantly higher in the tailored group than in the concomitant group. All adverse events were grade 1 or 2 based on the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events and the incidence was significantly lower in the tailored group. The proportion of patients discontinuing treatment for adverse events was comparable between the two groups (2.1% vs. 2.6%).ConclusionsThe culture‐based susceptibility‐guided tailored therapy failed to show superiority over the empirical concomitant therapy in terms of eradication rate. Based on these findings, the treatment choice in clinical practice would depend on the background rate of antimicrobial resistance, availability of resources and costs associated with culture and susceptibility testing.
Prognostic value of tumour‐related factors associated with canine retroperitoneal hemangiosarcoma in comparison with other anatomic presentations: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Furukawa Takayuki , Shiotsuki Akiko , Okada Yusami , Nibe Kazumi , Tei Meina , Anazawa Tetsuya , Yoshikawa Masakatsu , Ono Kenichiro , Hirao Hidehiro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundDogs with retroperitoneal hemangiosarcoma (HSA) exhibit variable postoperative median survival times (MST).ObjectiveTo retrospectively evaluate the prognostic value of selected tumour‐related factors, such as tumour size, rupture, invasion into adjacent tissue, involvement of lymph node and distant metastasis, they were analysed in dogs with retroperitoneal HSA.MethodsTen dogs with retroperitoneal HSA managed solely with surgical excision were reviewed and compared with spleen (71) and liver (9) HSA. The Kaplan–Meier method and log‐rank analysis were used compare MSTs between factors. Multivariable Cox proportional‐hazard analysis was used to compare differences between arising sites.ResultsRetroperitoneal HSA showed comparatively longer postoperative MST compared with that of spleen and liver HSA and demonstrated significantly longer MST (p = 0.003) for tumours ≥5 cm (195 days) than <5 cm (70 days). Spleen HSA revealed significantly shorter MSTs in involvement of distant lymph nodes (23 days) and distant metastasis (39 days) than those in negative (83 days, p = 0.002 and 110 days, p < 0.001, respectively). Liver HSA also revealed significantly shorter MST (16.5 days compared with 98 days, p = 0.003) for distant metastasis. Additionally, hazard ratios (HRs) and their forest plot for overall HSA revealed as poor prognostic factors, arising sites (spleen; HR 2.78, p = 0.016 and liver; HR 3.62, p = 0.019), involvement of distant lymph nodes (HR 2.43, p = 0.014), and distant metastasis (HR 2.86, p < 0.001), and as better prognostic factor of tumour size ≥5 cm (HR 0.53, p = 0.037).ConclusionIn combination with overall HSA, retroperitoneal HSA shows comparatively longer postoperative MST compared to spleen and liver HSA, associated with tumour size ≥5 cm suggesting better prognostic factor.
Computed tomographic reference ranges of intrathoracic caudal vena cava ratios in sedated adult dogs without cardiac, pulmonary, or hypovolemic disease
Authors: Sankisov Jacqueline N. , Newsom Lauren 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundRadiographic assessment of the intrathoracic caudal vena cava (CVC) is commonly used to evaluate hemodynamic status in veterinary patients without and with pulmonary, pericardial, or right‐sided cardiac diseases. Many of these patients are now commonly evaluated with computed tomography (CT) in both emergency and referral settings. Traditional radiographic ratios in dogs, particularly the CVC height/aorta height (CVC/Ao) ratio, are often extrapolated to CT in order to determine if the CVC is normal in size.ObjectivesThe first goal of this retrospective study was to create an objective measurement method to evaluate the size of the CVC via CT. The second goal was to report normal CVC ratio values in both sagittal and transverse CT images.MethodsThe traditional lateral radiographic CVC ratios were extrapolated to similar ratios obtained from sagittal CT images in stable, sedated adult canine patients without known cardiac or pulmonary disease. Additionally, new methods of canine CVC ratios using transverse CT images were defined using vessel height and area. Mean, standard deviation, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the CVC ratios in transverse and sagittal CT images were calculated to determine normal reference ranges.ResultsRatio agreement from observers of different skill levels was moderate to excellent. Sagittal CT CVC/Ao mean was 1.07 ± 0.17 with a CI of 0.71.42. The mean and CI of transverse CT CVC/Ao height and area were 1.14 ± 0.27 and 0.781.44 and 1.36 ± 0.59 and 0.641.94, respectively.ConclusionsApplication of normal sagittal and transverse CT ratio values in canine patients with and without hypotension, pulmonary, pericardial, or right‐sided cardiac diseases is necessary to determine the clinical usefulness of these ratios.
International remittances and productivity in Sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Asongu Simplice A. , Nnanna Joseph 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis research investigates how enhancing remittances affects total factor productivity (TFP) dynamics in Sub‐Saharan Africa. The Generalized Method of Moments empirical strategy is adopted for this study and the engaged TFP dynamics are: TFP, real TFP, welfare TFP, and real welfare TFP. Significant net effects are not apparent from enhancing remittances for TFP, real TFP growth, and welfare TFP while positive net effects are apparent on real welfare TFP. The unexpected findings are elucidated and policy implications are discussed. This study has complemented the attendant literature by assessing how growing remittances influence the dynamics of TFP in sub‐Saharan Africa.
Introduction
Authors: Werner Gijsbert D. A. , van Riel Arthur , Gijsberts Mérove I. L. , de Visser Marianne 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFinancial, staffing and societal sustainability of healthcare systems is coming under increasing pressure in the Netherlands and beyond. Causes include the ageing population and the widening of treatment options as a result of technological innovation. In this report we analyse how these trends are affecting the sustainability of healthcare. The broad picture is that the need for care is growing faster than both the economy and—even more urgently in the short term—the labour force. This situation is expected to persist for decades, giving cause for concern about the sustainability of healthcare. This presents a challenge not just for the health care sector, but for society as a whole. This report concludes that good healthcare for all requires better choices, precisely because these limits of its financial, staffing and societal sustainability are coming into view. Specifically, this means that the key task now before us is to better delineate the sector’s future growth, in so doing steering it as carefully as possible towards those healthcare and preventive interventions which achieve the greatest health benefits and safeguard public values most effectively. This will be no easy task. It requires clear and sometimes uncompromising decisions, which can be difficult to make from a normative point of view. And these in turn require a long-term vision of the role and function of healthcare in our society that has broad public support. In this report we explain how we have arrived at these conclusions. We also discuss perspectives drawn from various scientific disciplines on making choices within and about healthcare, and explain why the processes involved could be better. Finally, we suggest concrete ways to make better choices.
Organization and Performance of Dutch Health and Social Care
Authors: Werner Gijsbert D. A. , van Riel Arthur , Gijsberts Mérove I. L. , de Visser Marianne 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs shown in the previous chapter, staffing, financial and societal sustainability are important to safeguard the key public values of health and social care: quality and accessibility. We described there how all three dimensions are under ongoing pressure and how the issue of sustainability in care is in practice a distributional one. This makes it important to examine the state of the public values in different parts of the system.
OILPARI—A Real-Time Oil Transport Simulator for Marine Disaster Response: Its Functionary, Update, and Progress Toward the Next Generation
Authors: Matsuzaki Yoshitaka , Fujita Isamu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe developed a numerical simulation model called “OILPARI” to predict the transport of spilled oil on sea surfaces. Two types of OILPARI simulation systems were constructed: a stand-alone type (sa-OILPARI) improved as described herein and a web application type (net-OILPARI) developed in this study. As the ocean current and wind datasets have been improved to high-resolution datasets, sa-OILPARI must be improved to accommodate them. As another improvement, a past analysis mode is added to understand the oil transport trends according to the season and sea area and to perform calculations to reproduce past oil spill incidents. Significantly, in net-OILPARI, a client does not need to prepare any special software and can use the functionality by simply accessing a URL from a browser. The application provides an intuitive single-page graphical user interface. OILPARIs have been applied to many oil spill incidents in the past. Case studies are presented for an oil spill incident off the coast of Hachinohe, Japan, in August 2021 and a pumice stone (floating stone) transport simulation occurring in the Pacific Ocean in 2021.
Surgical management of chest injuries in patients with multiple and/or severe trauma– a systematic review and clinical practice guideline update
Authors: Schreyer C. , Schulz-Drost S. , Markewitz A. , Breuing J. , Prediger B. , Becker L. , Spering C. , Neudecker J. , Thiel B. , Bieler D. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Our aim was to update evidence-based and consensus-based recommendations for the surgical and interventional management of blunt or penetrating injuries to the chest in patients with multiple and/or severe injuries on the basis of current evidence. This guideline topic is part of the 2022 update of the German Guideline on the Treatment of Patients with Multiple and/or Severe Injuries.

Methods
MEDLINE and Embase were systematically searched to May and June 2021 respectively for the update and new questions. Further literature reports were obtained from clinical experts. Randomised controlled trials, prospective cohort studies, cross-sectional studies and comparative registry studies were included if they compared interventions for the surgical management of injuries to the chest in patients with multiple and/or severe injuries. We considered patient-relevant clinical outcomes such as mortality, length of stay, and diagnostic test accuracy. Risk of bias was assessed using NICE 2012 checklists. The evidence was synthesised narratively, and expert consensus was used to develop recommendations and determine their strength.

Results
One study was identified. This study compared wedge resection, lobectomy and pneumonectomy in the management of patients with severe chest trauma that required some form of lung resection. Based on the updated evidence and expert consensus, one recommendation was modified and two additional good practice points were developed. All achieved strong consensus. The recommendation on the amount of blood loss that is used as an indication for surgical intervention in patients with chest injuries was modified to reflect new findings in trauma care and patient stabilisation. The new good clinical practice points (GPPs) on the use of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in patients with initial circulatory stability are also in line with current practice in patient care.

Conclusion
As has been shown in recent decades, the treatment of chest trauma has become less and less invasive for the patient as diagnostic and technical possibilities have expanded. Examples include interventional stenting of aortic injuries, video-assisted thoracoscopy and parenchyma-sparing treatment of lung injuries. These less invasive treatment concepts reduce morbidity and mortality in the primary surgical phase following a chest trauma.
Metal vapor-induced arc instability in stationary TIG-welding
Authors: Henze Insa , Mattulat Thorsten 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe stability of the arc in arc welding processes is primarily relevant to the joint quality. However, the influencing factors which determine the arc stability are still partly unknown. Combining arc welding with laser welding enhances arc stability. The laser-induced metal vapor is often named as one stabilizing factor. But this contradicts the presumptions of arc welding researchers who mentioned the metal vapor as a destabilizing factor especially when high amounts are present in the arc. This investigation analyzes the specific influence of metal vapor on arc conductivity as one aspect of arc stability by producing metal vapor using a laser process on a separately placed substrate material. Furthermore, the arc current was varied at a constant metal vapor amount. The investigations show that the metal vapor presence increases the arc voltage by at least 20% and its fluctuation amplitude by at least 51% which was presumed to mean a decreased electrical conductivity and therefore decreased arc stability. The arc instability was lower for higher arc currents at constant metal vapor amounts. Therefore, higher arc currents increase the arc stability of welding arcs in the presence of a constant metal vapor amount.
Existence and Stability of Infinite Time Blow-Up in the Keller–Segel System
Authors: Dávila Juan , del Pino Manuel , Dolbeault Jean , Musso Monica , Wei Juncheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPerhaps the most classical diffusion model for chemotaxis is the Keller–Segel system We consider the critical mass case $$\int _{{\mathbb {R}}^2} u_0(x)\, \textrm{d}x = 8\pi $$

∫

R

2

u
0

(
x
)

d
x
=
8
π

, which corresponds to the exact threshold between finite-time blow-up and self-similar diffusion towards zero. We find a radial function $$u_0^*$$

u
0
∗

with mass $$8\pi $$

8
π

such that for any initial condition $$u_0$$

u
0

sufficiently close to $$u_0^*$$

u
0
∗

and mass $$8\pi $$

8
π

, the solution u(x, t) of ($$*$$

∗

) is globally defined and blows-up in infinite time. As $$t\rightarrow +\infty $$

t
→
+
∞

it has the approximate profile $$\begin{aligned} u(x,t) \approx \frac{1}{\lambda ^2(t)} U\left( \frac{x-\xi (t)}{\lambda (t)} \right) , \quad U(y)= \frac{8}{(1+|y|^2)^2}, \end{aligned}$$

u

(
x
,
t
)

≈

1

λ
2

(
t
)

U

x
-
ξ
(
t
)

λ
(
t
)

,

U

(
y
)

=

8

(
1
+
|
y
|

2

)

2

,

where $$\lambda (t) \approx \frac{c}{\sqrt{\log t}}$$

λ

(
t
)

≈

c

log
t

, $$\xi (t)\rightarrow q$$

ξ
(
t
)
→
q

for some $$c>0$$

c
>
0

and $$q\in {\mathbb {R}}^2$$

q
∈

R

2

. This result affirmatively answers the nonradial stability conjecture raised in Ghoul and Masmoudi (Commun Pure Appl Math 71:1957–2015, 2018).
The Schmidt Rank for the Commuting Operator Framework
Authors: van Luijk Lauritz , Schwonnek René , Stottmeister Alexander , Werner Reinhard F. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn quantum information theory, the Schmidt rank is a fundamental measure for the entanglement dimension of a pure bipartite state. Its natural definition uses the Schmidt decomposition of vectors on bipartite Hilbert spaces, which does not exist (or at least is not canonically given) if the observable algebras of the local systems are allowed to be general C*-algebras. In this work, we generalize the Schmidt rank to the commuting operator framework where the joint system is not necessarily described by the minimal tensor product but by a general bipartite algebra. We give algebraic and operational definitions for the Schmidt rank and show their equivalence. We analyze bipartite states and compute the Schmidt rank in several examples: the vacuum in quantum field theory, Araki–Woods-Powers states, as well as ground states and translation invariant states on spin chains which are viewed as bipartite systems for the left and right half chains. We conclude with a list of open problems for the commuting operator framework.
Evaluation of T2W FLAIR MR image quality using artificial intelligence image reconstruction techniques in the pediatric brain
Authors: Nagaraj Usha D. , Dillman Jonathan R. , Tkach Jean A. , Greer Joshua S. , Leach James L. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Artificial intelligence (AI) reconstruction techniques have the potential to improve image quality and decrease imaging time. However, these techniques must be assessed for safe and effective use in clinical practice.

Objective
To assess image quality and diagnostic confidence of AI reconstruction in the pediatric brain on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging.

Materials and methods
This prospective, institutional review board (IRB)-approved study enrolled 50 pediatric patients (median age=12 years, Q1=10 years, Q3=14 years) undergoing clinical brain MRI. T2-weighted (T2W) FLAIR images were reconstructed by both standard clinical and AI reconstruction algorithms (strong denoising). Images were independently rated by two neuroradiologists on a dedicated research picture archiving and communication system (PACS) to indicate whether AI increased, decreased, or had no effect on image quality compared to standard reconstruction. Quantitative analysis of signal intensities was also performed to calculate apparent signal to noise (aSNR) and apparent contrast to noise (aCNR) ratios.

Results
AI reconstruction was better than standard in 99% (reader 1, 49/50; reader 2, 50/50) for overall image quality, 99% (reader 1, 49/50; reader 2, 50/50) for subjective SNR, and 98% (reader 1, 49/50; reader 2, 49/50) for diagnostic preference. Quantitative analysis revealed significantly higher gray matter aSNR (30.6±6.5), white matter aSNR (21.4±5.6), and gray-white matter aCNR (7.1±1.6) in AI-reconstructed images compared to standard reconstruction (18±2.7, 14.2±2.8, 4.4±0.8, p<0.001) respectively.

Conclusion
We conclude that AI reconstruction improved T2W FLAIR image quality in most patients when compared with standard reconstruction in pediatric patients.
Molecular Characterization Reveals Biodiversity and Biopotential of Rhizobacterial Isolates of Bacillus Spp
Authors: Sagar Alka , Rai Shalini , Sharma Sonia , Perveen Kahkashan , Bukhari Najat A. , Sayyed R. Z. , Mastinu Andrea 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBacillus species appearas the most attractive plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and alternative to synthetic chemical pesticides. The present study examined the antagonistic potential of spore forming-Bacilli isolated from organic farm soil samples of Allahabad, India. Eighty-seven Bacillus strains were isolated and characterized based on their morphological, plant growth promoting traits and molecular characteristics. The diversity analysis used 16S-rDNA, BOX-element, and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus. Two strains, PR30 and PR32, later identified as Bacillus sp., exhibited potent in vitro antagonistic activity against Ralstonia solanaceorum. These isolates produced copious amounts of multiple PGP traits, such as indole-3-acetic acid (40.0 and 54.5 μg/mL), phosphate solubilization index (PSI) (4.4 and 5.3), ammonia, siderophore (3 and 4 cm), and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (8.1and 9.2 μM/mg//h) and hydrogen cyanide. These isolates were subjected to the antibiotic sensitivity test. The two potent isolates based on the higher antagonistic and the best plant growth-promoting ability were selected for plant growth-promoting response studies in tomatoe, broccoli, and chickpea. In the pot study, Bacillus subtilis (PR30 and PR31) showed significant improvement in seed germination (27–34%), root length (20–50%), shoot length (20–40%), vigor index (50–75%), carotenoid content (0.543–1.733), and lycopene content (2.333–2.646 mg/100 g) in tomato, broccoli, and chickpea. The present study demonstrated the production of multiple plant growth-promoting traits by the isolates and their potential as effective bioinoculants for plant growth promotion and biocontrol of phytopathogens.