bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of life in patients with anogenital warts: A cross‐sectional study using the Dermatology Life Quality Index questionnaire
Authors: Sagar GC , Paudel Sushil , Pudasaini Prajwal , Adhikari Sadiksha 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundAnogenital warts are Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) caused predominantly by Human Papilloma Viruses (HPV) serotypes 6 and 11. These are one of the commonest causes of STDS, presenting to the Venereology Out Patient Department (OPD)in Nepal. Occurrence of Anogenital warts can affect sexual health of patient and subsequently cause significant embarrassment and impairment in Quality of Life (QoL).ObjectivesIn this study we plan to assess the demographic data of anogenital warts and its impact in Nepalese patients, using a Nepali version of generic Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaire.MethodsAll consenting patients with anogenital warts presenting to our OPD from December 2022 to December 2023 were enrolled in this observational study. Clinical evaluation for anogenital warts, sites involved and patient demographics were recorded. All participants were asked to complete the Nepali Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaire.ResultsA total of 59 patients were included in this study, of which 71.2 % were males and 28.8% were females. The DLQI score of 10.15 ± 5.09 indicated that genital warts caused a very significant impact on the quality of life of patients. This impact was higher in females as compared to males and in those with shorter duration of disease. Younger patients had a greater impairment in QoL in our study as evidenced by higher DLQI scores.ConclusionsPatients with anogenital warts have a significant impact on QoL.
Inverse kinematic total knee arthroplasty using conventional instrumentation restores constitutional coronal alignment
Authors: Keyes Sarah , Russell Shane P. , Bertalan Zsolt , Harty James A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeRestricted inverse kinematic alignment (iKA) is a contemporary alignment strategy for total knee arthroplasty (TKA), commonly performed with robotic assistance. While superior clinical results are reported for kinematic‐type alignment strategies, registry data indicate no survivorship benefit for navigation or robotic assistance. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of an instrumented, restricted iKA technique for achieving patient‐specific alignment.MethodsSeventy‐nine patients undergoing 84 TKAs (five bilateral procedures) using an iKA technique were included for preoperative and postoperative lower limb alignment analysis. The mean age was 66.5 (range: 43–82) with 33 male and 51 female patients. Artificial intelligence was employed for radiographic measurements. Alignment profiles were classified using the Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee (CPAK) system. Preoperative and postoperative alignment profiles were compared with subanalyses for preoperative valgus, neutral and varus profiles.ResultsThe mean joint‐line convergence angle (JLCA) reduced from 2.5° to −0.1° postoperatively. The mean lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA) remained unchanged postoperatively, while the mean medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) increased by 2.5° (p = 0.001). By preservation of the LDFA and restoration of the MPTA, the mean hip knee ankle angle (HKA) moved through 3.5° varus to 1.2° valgus.The CPAK system was used to visually depict changes in alignment profiles for preoperative valgus, neutral and varus knees; with 63% of patients observing an interval change in classification.ConclusionEncouraged by the latest evidence supporting both conventional instrumentation and kinematic‐type TKA strategies, this study describes how a restricted, conventionally instrumented iKA technique may be utilised to restore constitutional lower limb alignment.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Association of Alzheimer's Disease With Peripheral Vestibular Disorder: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Hung Shih‐Han , Xirasagar Sudha , Cheng Yen‐Fu , Lin Herng‐Ching , Chen Chin‐Shyan 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesVestibular disorders can impact cognitive domains, including spatial orientation and memory, which are also affected in Alzheimer's disease. This study aimed to examine the association between Alzheimer's disease and a prior diagnosis of peripheral vestibular disorders in the elderly Taiwanese population.MethodsThe case–control study sample was retrieved from Taiwan's Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2010. We included 3138 cases with Alzheimer's disease and 9414 propensity‐matched controls. We conducted multivariable logistic regression modeling to investigate the association between Alzheimer's disease and a prior diagnosis of peripheral vestibular disorders after accounting for sociodemographic characteristics and medical comorbidities including diabetes, coronary heart disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and hearing loss.ResultsThe results revealed a statistically significant difference in the prevalence of prior peripheral vestibular disorders between patients with Alzheimer's disease and controls; 20.6% among patients with Alzheimer's disease and 11.4% among controls (p < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis found that patients with Alzheimer's disease were twice as likely as controls to have had a prior diagnosis of peripheral vestibular disorders, adjusted odds ratio 2.040 (95% confidence interval: 1.829–2.274).ConclusionsThe findings suggest the possibility of shared or related pathophysiological pathways in Alzheimer's disease and vestibular dysfunction disorders.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:4730–4735, 2024
Metals in coastal groundwater systems under anthropogenic pressure: a synthesis of behavior, drivers, and emerging threats
Authors: McKenzie Tristan , Moody Amy , Barreira João , Guo Xiaoyi , Cohen Anael , Wilson Stephanie J. , Ramasamy Murugan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSubmarine groundwater discharge (SGD) dynamically links land‐ and ocean‐derived chemical constituents, such as metals, in the coastal ocean. While many metals are sediment‐bound, changing environmental conditions, particularly along the coast, may lead to increased release of metals to their dissolved and more bioavailable form. Here, we review metal behavior, speciation, and drivers of mobilization in the coastal environment under anthropogenic influence. We also model global metal contamination risk to the coastal ocean via SGD considering anthropogenic and hydrogeologic pressures, where tropical regions with high population density, SGD, and acid sulfate soils (4% of the global coast) present the highest risk. Although most SGD studies focus on other analytes, such as nutrients, this review demonstrates the importance of considering SGD as a critical pathway for metals to reach the coastal ocean under rapidly changing environmental conditions.
Influence of TP53 mutation on efficacy and survival in advanced EGFR‐mutant non‐small cell lung cancer patients treated with third‐generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Authors: Zhang Zhonghan , Xue Jinhui , Yang Yunpeng , Fang Wenfeng , Huang Yan , Zhao Shen , Luo Fan , Cao Jiaxin , Zeng Kangmei , Ma Wenjuan , Zhan Jianhua , Lu Feiteng , Zhang Li , Zhao Hongyun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTP53 comutation is related to poor prognosis of non‐small cell lung cancer. However, there is limited study focusing on the structural influence of TP53 mutation on third‐generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR‐TKIs) treatment. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and molecular data of patients treated with third‐generation EGFR‐TKIs in two independent cohorts. A total of 117 patients from the Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC) and 141 patients from the American Association for Cancer Research Project GENIE database were included. In the SYSUCC cohort, TP53 comutations were found in 59 patients (50.4%) and were associated with poor median progress‐free survival (mPFS) and median overall survival (mOS). The additional subtype analysis found that TP53 mutation in the alpha‐helix region had shorter mOS compared with those with TP53 mutations in other regions in the SYSUCC cohort (mOS, 12.2 vs. 21.7 months; p = 0.027). Similar findings were confirmed in the GENIE cohort. Specifically, the presence of TP53 mutation in the alpha‐helix region was an independent negative predictive factor for PFS [hazard ratio (HR) 2.05(1.01–4.18), p = 0.048] and OS [HR 3.62(1.60–8.17), p = 0.002] in the SYSUCC cohort. TP53 mutation in alpha‐helix region was related to inferior clinical outcomes in patients treated with third‐generation EGFR‐TKIs.
Stress enhances expression of calcium‐binding proteins and NMDAR subunit genes in the rat hippocampus
Authors: Parthasarathy Aravind , Hanumanthappa Ramesha , Bulbule Sarojini R. , P.C. Kiran , Nanjaiah Hemalatha , G. Gopinath , B.M. Siddaiah , Muniswamy David , Kuramkote Shivanna Devaraju 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundsOxidative stress impairs the function of calcium‐binding proteins and deregulates calcium signaling in living organisms. We have previously explored the overexpression of calcium‐binding protein genes in a reactive oxygen and nitrogen species‐induced in vitro cell model of stress that leads to apoptosis. However, in in vivo models, low levels of stress leads to depressive‐like behavior. Here, we aimed to analyze gene expression of major calcium‐binding proteins (calcineurin, calmodulin, calsyntenin, synaptotagmin, and calreticulin) and N‐methyl‐d‐aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor subunits (glutamate receptor ionotropic [GluN] GluN1, GluN2A, and GluN2B) in the hippocampus of stress‐induced rats.MethodsSix‐week‐old male Wistar rats were assigned to two stress induction groups and a control group without stress (n = 6). Stress was induced by using H2O2 (3% in water) or by immobilization (using a sticky mat) over a period of 30 days. Expression of calcium‐binding protein genes in the hippocampus, antioxidant assays, structural alterations in hippocampal neurons, and depressive‐like behavior were determined.ResultsExpression of genes encoding calcium‐binding proteins calcineurin, calsyntenin, synaptotagmin and NMDA receptor subunit GluN1 was enhanced in both chemical and physical stress‐induced rats compared with control rats (4.25 ± 0.05 vs. 1.03 ± 0.02, p < 0.05, 2.05 ± 0.08 vs. 1.03 ± 0.02, p < 0.005; 2.2 ± 0.4 vs. 1.02 ± 0.03, p < 0.05, 1.98 ± 0.07 vs. 1.02 ± 0.03, p < 0.005; 1.4 ± 0.6 vs. 1.15 ± 0.09, p < 0.05, 1.39 ± 0.05 vs. 1.15 ± 0.09, p < 0.005), respectively. In stress‐induced rats, neurons in the CA2 region of the hippocampus were fewer and appeared disorganized compared with control rats. Furthermore, stress‐induced rats showed decreased mobility and lower sucrose preference in behavioral studies compared with control rats.ConclusionLower levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) can also lead to stress in rats by affecting their calcium signaling, buffering capacity in the neurons leading to depressive symptoms.
Integrated spatial and multimodal single‐cell transcriptomics reveal patient‐dependent cell heterogeneity in splenic marginal zone lymphoma
Authors: Cerapio Juan Pablo , Gravelle Pauline , Quillet‐Mary Anne , Valle Carine , Martins Frederic , Franchini Don‐Marc , Syrykh Charlotte , Brousset Pierre , Traverse‐Glehen Alexandra , Ysebaert Loic , Fournie Jean‐Jacques , Laurent Camille 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBiological hallmarks of splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) remain poorly described. Herein, we performed in‐depth SMZL characterization through multimodal single‐cell analyses of paired blood/spleen samples. The 3’‐single‐cell RNA‐sequencing, Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes by sequencing, and 5’‐V(D)J single‐cell RNA‐sequencing datasets were integrated to characterize SMZL transcriptome profiles, including B‐cell receptor and T‐cell receptor repertoires. Hyperexpanded B‐cell clones in the spleen were at a memory‐like stage, whereas recirculating tumor B‐cells in blood encompassed multiple differentiation stages, indicating an unexpected desynchronization of the B‐cell maturation program in SMZL cells. Spatial transcriptomics showed the enrichment of T‐effector and T‐follicular helper (TFH) signatures in the nodular subtype of SMZL. This latter also exhibited gene‐based cell–cell interactions suggestive of dynamic crosstalk between TFH and cancer cells in transcriptomics, further substantiated by using imaging mass cytometry. Our findings provide a comprehensive high‐resolution description of SMZL biological hallmarks and characterize, for the first time in situ, inter‐ and intra‐patient heterogeneity at both transcriptomic and protein levels. © 2024 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Multi‐physics field coupling modeling and simulation to study the stress evolution during HTCLS curing process
Authors: Li Haiying , Cao Zheng , Li Shujian , Chen Yizhe , Wang Zhineng , Wang Xiaochuan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHybrid titanium carbon laminates (HTCLs) are a new type of fiber metal laminates, that are attracting extensive attention due to their comprehensive mechanical and physical properties. The curing stress is an important factor affecting the manufacturing performance of HTCLs. Based on viscoelastic mechanics and temperature variation characteristics of materials in this work, the multi‐physics field coupling modeling and simulation are conducted, and the stress evolution mechanism during HTCLs curing process is investigated. Furthermore, the interlayer interfacial damage of HTCLs induced by the curing stress is analyzed combined with the microscope images. Results show that the restriction of metal layers and the stacking sequence of carbon fiber prepregs are the primary reasons for generating significant stress during HTCLs curing. The secondary insulation stage of HTCLs curing process has a positive effect on suppressing the curing stress, by which the interfacial stress between the different metal layers and prepregs layers can decrease by 10.53%, 4.06%, 10.24%, and 1.11%. From the beginning of cooling to the end of curing, the residual stress in HTCLs increases rapidly, and the maximum can increase by 197%. Stress concentration is easily generated on the edges of HTCLs, and the interfaces near the bottom of HTCLs are more prone to forming cracks and delamination.Highlights
A multi‐physics field coupling model for HTCLs curing process is established.
The viscoelastic mechanics and the temperature variation characteristics of materials are considered in this model.
The stress evolution mechanism during HTCLs curing is studied.
The interface damage of HTCLs induced by the curing stress is analyzed combined with experiments.
Effect of hygrothermal aging on mechanical properties of continuous flax fiber composites
Authors: Mu Wenlong , Li Shijie , Zhang Shikun , Chen Xianglin , Sun Yufeng , Zhou Kaiyuan , Qin Guofeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe influence of hygrothermal aging on the mechanical properties of flax fiber‐reinforced polymer (FFRP) composites was studied by examining the mechanical properties and failure mechanism of the composite laminates exposed in distilled water at different temperatures. The resin transfer molding (RTM) process was used to manufacture FFRP laminates, which were then subjected to accelerated aging tests in distilled water at different temperatures. The moisture absorption characteristics of FFRP were analyzed by a water absorption test. Tensile, bending, and low‐velocity impact tests of laminates after different aging conditions were performed. Combined with DSC and FTIR tests, the failure mechanism of FFRP exposure to hygrothermal aging was analyzed. The result indicated that the increase in temperature will accelerate the moisture absorption process of FFRP, and the hygroscopic behaviors at different temperatures conform to Fick's law. In the early stage of hygrothermal aging, the composites undergo post‐curing, and the tensile and bending strengths increase. After that, the tensile and bending strengths are decreased because of the thermo‐oxygen aging of materials and fiber/matrix interface damage. After hygrothermal aging, the impact peak force of FFRP decreases obviously while the absorbed energy increases due to the increase of internal defects and plasticization of composites. The increase of hygrothermal aging temperature aggravates the aging of materials, resulting in a more obvious decline in the tensile, bending, and impact properties of the composites.Highlights
The effect of hygrothermal aging on the mechanical properties of FFRP is investigated.
With the increase of hygrothermal aging time, the tensile and bending strength of FFRP increased at the early stage of aging and then decreased.
After hygrothermal aging, the impact peak force of FFRP decreases and the absorbed energy increases due to the increase of internal defects and plasticization of composites.
Research on size effects in the low‐velocity impact (LVI) and compression after impact (CAI) characteristics of composite laminates
Authors: Zou Xionghui , Gao Weicheng , Xi Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe load‐bearing capacity and failure characteristics of composite structures are closely related to their dimensions. In this study, low‐velocity impact, ultrasonic non‐destructive testing, and compression after impact tests were conducted on composite laminates of varying widths to investigate the influence of size effects. Distinct impact response profiles and compression failure modes were characterized. The results indicate that under impact loading, the delamination threshold load (6700 N ~ 7200 N) and the knee‐point energy (40 J) are not affected by width. However, variations in width lead to differences in indentation depth, impact duration, peak load, delamination characteristics, and energy absorption. Furthermore, increasing impact energy further magnifies these differences. Under compression loading, wider laminates exhibit lower residual strength, with the influence of impact energy on residual strength decreasing as width increases. Importantly, the observed compression failure deformation mode transitions from localized buckling to widespread sub‐layer delamination‐induced compression failure. This suggests that changes in width alter the governing mechanical mechanisms of CAI failure. Consequently, the use of a single‐size laminate to represent both LVI and CAI processes is not recommended. Based on experimental results, the reliability of the equivalent damage method in predicting the residual compression strength of laminates of different widths was confirmed, providing valuable insights for practical engineering applications.Highlights
Assess the variations in the low‐velocity impact process of laminates with different widths.
Evaluate the delamination damage of laminates after impacts by ultrasonic C‐scan techniques.
Investigate the effect of variation in widths on the compression behavior of laminates after impact.
Validate the feasibility of equivalent damage modeling for calculating residual strength.
Impact of babyface schema on time perception: Insights from neutral and crying facial expressions
Authors: Jia Lina , Shao Bingjie , Wang Lili , Wang Xiaocheng , Shi Zhuanghua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFacial expressions in infants have been noted to create a spatial attention bias when compared with adult faces. Yet, there is limited understanding of how adults perceive the timing of infant facial expressions. To investigate this, we used both infant and adult facial expressions in a temporal bisection task. In Experiment 1, we compared duration judgments of neutral infant and adult faces. The results revealed that participants felt that neutral infant faces lasted for a shorter time than neutral adult faces, independent of participant sex. Experiment 2 employed sad (crying) facial expressions. Here, the female participants perceived that the infants' faces were displayed for a longer duration than the adults' faces, whereas this distinction was not evident among the male participants. These findings highlight the influence of the babyface schema on time perception, nuanced by emotional context and sex‐based individual variances.
Use of electronic health record data to examine administrations of pro re nata analgesics during hip fracture post‐acute care
Authors: Riester Melissa R. , Zhang Yuan , Hayes Kaleen N. , Beaudoin Francesca L. , Zullo Andrew R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeMedications prescribed to older adults in US skilled nursing facilities (SNF) and administrations of pro re nata (PRN) “as needed” medications are unobservable in Medicare insurance claims. There is an ongoing deficit in our understanding of medication use during post‐acute care. Using SNF electronic health record (EHR) datasets, including medication orders and barcode medication administration records, we described patterns of PRN analgesic prescribing and administrations among SNF residents with hip fracture.MethodsEligible participants resided in SNFs owned by 11 chains, had a diagnosis of hip fracture between January 1, 2018 to August 2, 2021, and received at least one administration of an analgesic medication in the 100 days after the hip fracture. We described the scheduling of analgesics, the proportion of available PRN doses administered, and the proportion of days with at least one PRN analgesic administration.ResultsAmong 24 038 residents, 57.3% had orders for PRN acetaminophen, 67.4% PRN opioids, 4.2% PRN non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, and 18.6% PRN combination products. The median proportion of available PRN doses administered per drug was 3%–50% and the median proportion of days where one or more doses of an ordered PRN analgesic was administered was 25%–75%. Results differed by analgesic class and the number of administrations ordered per day.ConclusionsEHRs can be leveraged to ascertain precise analgesic exposures during SNF stays. Future pharmacoepidemiology studies should consider linking SNF EHRs to insurance claims to construct a longitudinal history of medication use and healthcare utilization prior to and during episodes of SNF care.
Molecular dynamics study of free volume coalescence around nonyl ethoxylate in polyethylene with vinyl acetate‐modified branches
Authors: Kavyani Sajjad , Soares João B. P. , Choi Phillip 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPolyethylene (PE) is susceptible to environmental stress cracking (ESC). In the presence of an amphiphilic compound and subjected to stress, ESC starts with cavitation followed by slow crack growth and ends with brittle fracture. In this study, we used molecular dynamics simulation to study how branch ends which were chemically modified with vinyl acetate groups affect free volume coalescence around an amphiphilic compound, nonyl ethoxylate (NE), dispersed in branched PE models. Branch ends modified with vinyl acetate significantly impact the free volume coalescence dynamics around NE. Compared with methyl branch ends, vinyl acetate branch ends show a much higher affinity, as quantified by the corresponding radial distribution functions, for the hydrophilic ethylene oxide‐segment of NE. However, this is not the case for the hydrophobic ethylene‐segment. Interestingly, vinyl acetate branch ends tend to reduce the power (amplitude) of the free volume size fluctuations around both the ethylene oxide‐ and ethylene‐segments. Indeed, the powers of the fluctuations with different PE branching characteristics decrease with increasing vinyl acetate concentration. We believe that free volume coalescence leads to cavitation and that vinyl acetate branches could inhibit cavitation, thereby crack propagation in PE. The power results seem to be consistent with the experimental observation that the addition of copolymer ethylene vinyl acetate to low‐density polyethylene improves the ESC resistance of the blend.Highlights
Vinyl acetate branches reduce free volume coalescence activities.
Vinyl acetate branches are attracted to the hydrophilic segment of NE.
Cavitation likely starts from the free volume coalescence around NE.