bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of different treatments for type 2 diabetes mellitus on mortality of coronavirus disease from 2019 to 2021 in China: a multi-institutional retrospective study
Authors: Xu Ke , He Wu , Yu Bo , Zhong Kaineng , Zhou Da , Wang Dao Wen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has continued for 5 years. Sporadic cases continue to occur in different locations. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with a high risk of a poor prognosis in patients with COVID-19. Successful control of blood glucose levels can effectively decrease the risks of severe infections and mortality. However, the effects of different treatments were reported differently and even adversely. This retrospective study included 4,922 patients who have been diagnosed as COVID-19 and T2DM from 138 Hubei hospitals. The clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared and calculated their risk for death using multivariate Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier curves. After adjustment of age, sex, comorbidities, and in-hospital medications, metformin and alpha-glucosidase inhibitor (AGI) use performed lower all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.41; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.24–0.71; p = 0.001 for metformin; 0.53, 0.35–0.80, p = 0.002 for AGIs), while insulin use was associated with increased all-cause mortality (adjusted HR, 2.07, 95% CI, 1.61–2.67, p < 0.001). After propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis, adjusted HRs for insulin, metformin, and AGIs associated with all-cause mortality were 1.32 (95% CI, 1.03–1.81; p = 0.012), 0.48 (95% CI, 0.23–0.83, p = 0.014), and 0.59 (95% CI, 0.35–0.98, p = 0.05). Therefore, metformin and AGIs might be more suitable for patients with COVID-19 and T2DM while insulin might be used with caution.
Prediction of tight sandstone reservoirs by multiwave joint prestack inversion technology: A case study of the Qiulin area in the Sichuan Basin
Authors: Chen Qiyan , Chen Kang , Wang Hongqiu , Yang Guangguang , Guo Xin , Wei Wei , Guo Guangrui 
Published: May 2024

The Shaximiao (SXM) Formation of the Middle Triassic in the central Sichuan Basin is a river-lake sedimentary system with an average burial depth of 2800 m. The channel sand bodies of the SXM Formation in the Qiulin area are developed with large lateral variation and high- and medium-porosity sand. This leads to great differences in the seismic response and difficulty in predicting the sand bodies and reservoirs using P-wave data. We carry out well-log analysis for different types of sand bodies. The no. 8 sand body of high porosity can be effectively identified using P-wave impedance (PI). Whereas for the no. 7 sand body of relatively lower porosity (mainly due to the higher shale content in the no. 7 sand compared with the no. 8 sand), sandstone and mudstone can be distinguished using S-wave impedance (SI), and reservoirs can be recognized by the P- to S-wave velocity ratio ([Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text]). Based on the PP wave and the P-to-S converted wave (PS wave) (after matching) angle-stacked data, a prestack inversion of multicomponent data is performed. Multiwave joint inversion results (SI and [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text]) have better accuracy and stronger stability than the PP-wave inversion in practical application. In addition, the PI of the joint inversion more clearly describes the distribution and boundaries of the channel sand and better matches the prediction and drilling data in sand 8. The SI of the joint inversion can identify subtle sand bodies (weak PI contrast) that are difficult to be detected by PP-wave inversion. The distribution of the reservoir predicted by the [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] of the joint inversion is clearer (the no. 7 sand body) and better than that by the PP-wave inversion. This study demonstrates the advantage of the multiwave joint inversion technology in tight sand identification.
Long-Term Analysis of NRG Oncology RTOG 0415: A Randomized Phase III Noninferiority Study Comparing Two Fractionation Schedules in Patients With Low-Risk Prostate Cancer
Authors: Lee W. Robert , Dignam James J. , Amin Mahul B. , Bruner Deborah W. , Low Daniel , Swanson Gregory P. , Shah Amit B. , D'Souza David , Michalski Jeff M. , Dayes Ian S. , Seaward Samantha A. , Hall William A. , Nguyen Paul L. , Pisansky Thomas M. , Faria Sergio L. , Chen Yuhchyau , Rodgers Joseph P. , Sandler Howard M. 
Published: May 2024

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned co-primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical Trial Updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported. NRG Oncology RTOG 0415 is a randomized phase III noninferiority (NI) clinical trial comparing conventional fractionation (73.8 Gy in 41 fractions) radiotherapy (C-RT) with hypofractionation (H-RT; 70 Gy in 28) in patients with low-risk prostate cancer. The study included 1,092 protocol-eligible patients initially reported in 2016 with a median follow-up of 5.8 years. Updated results with median follow-up of 12.8 years are now presented. The estimated 12-year disease-free survival (DFS) is 56.1% (95% CI, 51.5 to 60.5) for C-RT and 61.8% (95% CI, 57.2 to 66.0) for H-RT. The DFS hazard ratio (H-RT/C-RT) is 0.85 (95% CI, 0.71 to 1.03), confirming NI ( P < .001). Twelve-year cumulative incidence of biochemical failure (BF) was 17.0% (95% CI, 13.8 to 20.5) for C-RT and 9.9% (95% CI, 7.5 to 12.6) for H-RT. The HR (H-RT/C-RT) comparing biochemical recurrence between the two arms was 0.55 (95% CI, 0.39 to 0.78). Late grade ≥3 GI adverse event (AE) incidence is 3.2% (C-RT) versus 4.4% (H-RT), with relative risk (RR) for H-RT versus C-RT 1.39 (95% CI, 0.75 to 2.55). Late grade ≥3 genitourinary (GU) AE incidence is 3.4% (C-RT) versus 4.2% (H-RT), RR 1.26 (95% CI, 0.69 to 2.30). Long-term DFS is noninferior with H-RT compared with C-RT. BF is less with H-RT. No significant differences in late grade ≥3 GI/GU AEs were observed between assignments (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00331773 ).
Correlation of Patient-Reported Social Determinants of Health With Census Tract Measures of Socioeconomic Disadvantage in Patients With GI Cancers in Eastern North Carolina
Authors: Hao Scarlett , Quinn Ashley W. , Iasiello John A. , Lea C. Suzanne , Popowicz Patrycja , Fu Yuanyuan , Irish William , Parikh Alexander A. , Snyder Rebecca A. 
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE Investigating the impact of social determinants of health (SDOHs) on cancer care in large populations relies on census estimates. Routine clinic SDOH screening provides timely patient-level information which could inform best practices. This study evaluated the correlation between patient-reported SDOH needs and population-level census tract measures. METHODS This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of a cohort of adult patients with GI malignancy screened for SDOHs such as financial insecurity, transportation, and food insecurity during initial outpatient evaluation at East Carolina University (formerly Vidant) Health Medical Center in Greenville, NC (November 2020-July 2021). Primary outcomes included number and severity of identified SDOH needs and area deprivation index (ADI) and census tract measures for each patient. Spearman rank correlations were calculated among patient-level needs and between patient-level needs and similar census tract measures. RESULTS Of 112 patients screened, 58.9% self-identified as White (n = 66) and 41.1% as Black (n = 46). A total of 50.5% (n = 54) resided in a rural county. The collective median state ADI rank was 7 (IQR, 5-9). The median household income was $38,125 in US dollars (USD) (IQR, $31,436-$48,934 [USD]). Only 12.5% (n = 14) reported a moderate or severe financial need. Among reported needs, financial need moderately correlated with food insecurity (coefficient, 0.46; P < .001) and transportation (coefficient, 0.45; P < .001). Overall, census tract measures and reported needs poorly correlated. Lack of transportation correlated with percentage of households without a vehicle (coefficient, 0.18; P = .03) and limited access to healthy foods (coefficient, 0.18; P = .04). CONCLUSION Given the poor correlation between reported and census needs, population-level measures may not accurately predict patient-reported needs. These findings highlight the importance of SDOH screening in the clinical setting to reduce health disparities and identify opportunities to improve care delivery.
Outcomes of Mechanical Thrombectomy for Patients With Stroke Presenting With Low Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score in Early and Late Time Windows
Authors: Elawady Sameh Samir , Cunningham Conor , Matsukawa Hidetoshi , Uchida Kazutaka , Lin Steven , Maier Ilko , Jabbour Pascal , Kim Joon-Tae , Wolfe Stacey Quintero , Rai Ansaar , Starke Robert M. , Psychogios Marios-Nikos , Samaniego Edgar A. , Arthur Adam , Yoshimura Shinichi , Cuellar Hugo , Grossberg Jonathan A. , Alawieh Ali , Romano Daniele G. , Tanweer Omar , Mascitelli Justin , Fragata Isabel , Polifka Adam , Osbun Joshua , Crosa Roberto , Matouk Charles , Park Min S. , Levitt Michael R. , Brinjikji Waleed , Moss Mark , Dumont Travis , Williamson Richard , Navia Pedro , Kan Peter , De Leacy Reade , Chowdhry Shakeel , Ezzeldin Mohamad , Spiotta Alejandro M. , Al Kasab Sami 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
This study aimed to compare outcomes of low Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) patients with stroke who underwent mechanical thrombectomy (MT) within 6 hours or 6 to 24 hours after stroke onset.

METHODS:
A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from a large multicenter international registry from 2013 to 2023. Patients with low ASPECTS (2-5) who underwent MT for anterior circulation intracranial large vessel occlusion were included. A propensity matching analysis was conducted for patients presented in the early (<6 hours) vs late (6-24 hours) time window after symptom onset or last known normal.

RESULTS:
Among the 10 229 patients who underwent MT, 274 met the inclusion criteria. 122 (44.5%) patients were treated in the late window. Early window patients were older (median age, 74 years [IQR, 63-80] vs 66.5 years [IQR, 54-77]; P < .001), had lower proportion of female patients (40.1% vs 54.1%; P = .029), higher median admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (20 [IQR, 16-24] vs 19 [IQR, 14-22]; P = .004), and a higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation (46.1% vs 27.3; P = .002). Propensity matching yielded a well-matched cohort of 84 patients in each group. Comparing the matched cohorts showed there was no significant difference in acceptable outcomes at 90 days between the 2 groups (odds ratio = 0.90 [95% CI = 0.47-1.71]; P = .70). However, the rate of symptomatic ICH was significantly higher in the early window group compared with the late window group (odds ratio = 2.44 [95% CI = 1.06-6.02]; P = .04).

CONCLUSION:
Among patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion and low ASPECTS, MT seems to provide a similar benefit to functional outcome for patients presenting <6 hours or 6 to 24 hours after onset.
Female Alms1-deficient mice develop echocardiographic features of adult but not infantile Alström syndrome cardiomyopathy
Authors: McKay Eleanor J. , Luijten Ineke , Broadway-Stringer Sophie , Thomson Adrian , Weng Xiong , Gehmlich Katya , Gray Gillian A. , Semple Robert K. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Alström syndrome (AS), a multisystem disorder caused by biallelic ALMS1 mutations, features major early morbidity and mortality due to cardiac complications. The latter are biphasic, including infantile dilated cardiomyopathy and distinct adult-onset cardiomyopathy, and poorly understood. We assessed cardiac function of Alms1 knockout (KO) mice by echocardiography. Cardiac function was unaltered in Alms1 global KO mice of both sexes at postnatal day 15 (P15) and 8 weeks. At 23 weeks, female − but not male − KO mice showed increased left atrial area and decreased isovolumic relaxation time, consistent with early restrictive cardiomyopathy, as well as reduced ejection fraction. No histological or transcriptional changes were seen in myocardium of 23-week-old female Alms1 global KO mice. Female mice with Pdgfra-Cre-driven Alms1 deletion in cardiac fibroblasts and in a small proportion of cardiomyocytes did not recapitulate the phenotype of global KO at 23 weeks. In conclusion, only female Alms1-deficient adult mice show echocardiographic evidence of cardiac dysfunction, consistent with the cardiomyopathy of AS. The explanation for sexual dimorphism remains unclear but might involve metabolic or endocrine differences between sexes.
Urinary Proteomic Biomarkers of Trabecular Bone Volume Change during Army Basic Combat Training
Authors: FLANAGAN SHAWN D. , HOUGLAND JULIANA R. , ZENG XUEMEI , CANTRELL PAMELA S. , SUN MAI , JONES-LAUGHNER JACKIE , CANINO MARIA C. , HUGHES JULIE M. , FOULIS STEPHEN A. , TAYLOR KATHRYN M. , WALKER LEILA A. , GUERRIERE KATELYN I. , STERCZALA ADAM J. , CONNABOY CHRIS , BECKNER MEAGHAN E. , MATHENY RONALD W. , NINDL BRADLEY C. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Changes in bone microarchitecture resulting from chronic physical stress such as that experienced during U.S. Army Basic Combat Training (BCT) underscore its adaptive potential. There is a need for noninvasive biomarkers of adaptive bone formation that can be obtained at scale in real-world settings. Differential mass spectrometry (dMS), a label-free quantitative proteomics technique, may provide useful information about bone adaptation based on the proteomic features of urine.

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to optimize a dMS-based urinary proteomic technique and evaluate the relationship between urinary proteome content and adaptive changes in bone microarchitecture during BCT.

Methods
Urinary proteomes were analyzed with an optimized dMS technique in two groups of 13 recruits (N = 26) at the beginning (Pre) and end (Post) of BCT. Matched by age (21 ± 4 yr), sex (16 W), and baseline tibial trabecular bone volume fractions (Tb.BV/TV), these groups were distinguished by the most substantial (High) and minimal (Low) improvements in Tb.BV/TV. Differential protein expression was analyzed with mixed permutation ANOVA and false discovery proportion-based adjustment for multiple comparisons.

Results
Tibial Tb.BV/TV increased from pre- to post-BCT in High (3.30 ± 1.64%, P < 0.0001) but not Low (−0.35 ± 1.25%, P = 0.4707). The optimized dMS technique identified 10,431 peptides from 1368 protein groups that represented 165 integrative biological processes. Seventy-four urinary proteins changed from pre- to post-BCT (P = 0.0019), and neutrophil-mediated immunity was the most prominent ontology. Two proteins (immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 4 and C-type lectin domain family 4 member G) differed from pre- to post-BCT in High and Low (P = 0.0006).

Conclusions
The dMS technique can identify more than 1000 urinary proteins. At least 74 proteins are responsive to BCT, and other principally immune system–related proteins show differential expression patterns that coincide with adaptive bone formation.
Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy: a summary of current knowledge and possible future directions
Authors: Górny Aleksander , Wójcik Anna , Chwiejczak Justyna , Obrębski Michał , Kościan Jan , Młynarska Julita , Langa Jakub , Szczerkowska Karolina , Seroka Anna , Rybicka Maria 
Published: May 2024

Introduction and purpose:
Ethanol is still one of the most frequently consumed drugs worldwide and is a strong risk factor for more than 60 illnesses including alcoholic cardiomyopathy which is a specific heart muscle disease caused by long-term excessive alcohol consumption. The review aims to gather available data and summarize it to give better understanding of the disease, to help select patients with the condition to implement proper treatment, and to present possible future directions as the incidence of the disease is projected to persist in the future.

Brief description of the state of knowledge:
Alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is characterized by dilation, increased mass of the left ventricle, and reduced ejection fraction leading to end-stage heart failure. It is caused by ethanol’s direct toxicity on myocytes disturbing many different metabolic pathways. The result is a decrease in both systolic and diastolic function of the heart. The ACM development depends on factors such as genetics, gender, dietary factors and the dosage of ethanol consumption. The goal of the treatment is total alcohol abstinence, but the reduction of ethanol intake may also be beneficial. Patients should obtain a complete pharmacological treatment for heart failure.
Summary:
Ethanol overconsumption remains an unresolved problem, with the incidence of ACM projected to persist in the future, especially among patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Efforts for prevention, early detection, and effective treatment of ACM need to be established. A primary focus should be on treating AUD because it is the most effective way to halt the progression of the disease. Further research should focus on both asymptomatic and symptomatic patients with AUD to better define clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and the most effective treatments for ACM.
Characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes related to Zika virus infection during pregnancy in Northeastern Thailand: A prospective pregnancy cohort study, 2018–2020
Authors: Wongsawat Jurai , Thamthitiwat Somsak , Hicks Victoria J. , Uttayamakul Sumonmal , Teepruksa Phanthaneeya , Sawatwong Pongpun , Skaggs Beth , Mock Philip A. , MacArthur John R. , Suya Inthira , Sapchookul Patranuch , Kitsutani Paul , Lo Terrence Q. , Vachiraphan Apichart , Kovavisarach Ekachai , Rhee Chulwoo , Darun Pamorn , Saepueng Kamol , Waisaen Chamnan , Jampan Doungporn , Sriboonrat Pravit , Palanuwong Buncha , Sukbut Punchawee , Areechokchai Darin , Pittayawonganon Chakrarat , Iamsirithaworn Sopon , Bloss Emily , Rao Carol Y. 
Published: May 2024

Background
In response to the 2015–2016 Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak and the causal relationship established between maternal ZIKV infection and adverse infant outcomes, we conducted a cohort study to estimate the incidence of ZIKV infection in pregnancy and assess its impacts in women and infants.

Methodology/Principal findings
From May 2018-January 2020, we prospectively followed pregnant women recruited from 134 participating hospitals in two non-adjacent provinces in northeastern Thailand. We collected demographic, clinical, and epidemiologic data and blood and urine at routine antenatal care visits until delivery. ZIKV infections were confirmed by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). Specimens with confirmed ZIKV underwent whole genome sequencing.
Among 3,312 women enrolled, 12 (0.36%) had ZIKV infections, of which two (17%) were detected at enrollment. Ten (83%, 3 in 2nd and 7 in 3rd trimester) ZIKV infections were detected during study follow-up, resulting in an infection rate of 0.15 per 1,000 person-weeks (95% CI: 0.07–0.28). The majority (11/12, 91.7%) of infections occurred in one province. Persistent ZIKV viremia (42 days) was found in only one woman. Six women with confirmed ZIKV infections were asymptomatic until delivery. Sequencing of 8 ZIKV isolates revealed all were of Asian lineage. All 12 ZIKV infected women gave birth to live, full-term infants; the only observed adverse birth outcome was low birth weight in one (8%) infant. Pregnancies in 3,300 ZIKV-rRT-PCR-negative women were complicated by 101 (3%) fetal deaths, of which 67 (66%) had miscarriages and 34 (34%) had stillbirths. There were no differences between adverse fetal or birth outcomes of live infants born to ZIKV-rRT-PCR-positive mothers compared to live infants born to ZIKV-rRT-PCR-negative mothers.

Conclusions/Significance
Confirmed ZIKV infections occurred infrequently in this large pregnancy cohort and observed adverse maternal and birth outcomes did not differ between mothers with and without confirmed infections.
Transcriptomic analysis of N-terminal mutated Trypanosoma cruzi UBP1 knockdown underlines the importance of this RNA-binding protein in parasite development
Authors: Sabalette Karina B. , Campo Vanina A. , Sotelo-Silveira José R. , Smircich Pablo , De Gaudenzi Javier G. 
Published: May 2024

Background
During its life cycle, the human pathogen Trypanosoma cruzi must quickly adapt to different environments, in which the variation in the gene expression of the regulatory U-rich RNA-binding protein 1 (TcUBP1) plays a crucial role. We have previously demonstrated that the overexpression of TcUBP1 in insect-dwelling epimastigotes orchestrates an RNA regulon to promote differentiation to infective forms.

Methods
In an attempt to generate TcUBP1 knockout parasites by using CRISPR-Cas9 technology, in the present study, we obtained a variant transcript that encodes a protein with 95% overall identity and a modified N-terminal sequence. The expression of this mutant protein, named TcUBP1mut, was notably reduced compared to that of the endogenous form found in normal cells. TcUBP1mut-knockdown epimastigotes exhibited normal growth and differentiation into infective metacyclic trypomastigotes and were capable of infecting mammalian cells.

Results
We analyzed the RNA-Seq expression profiles of these parasites and identified 276 up- and 426 downregulated genes with respect to the wildtype control sample. RNA-Seq comparison across distinct developmental stages revealed that the transcriptomic profile of these TcUBP1mut-knockdown epimastigotes significantly differs not only from that of epimastigotes in the stationary phase but also from the gene expression landscape characteristic of infective forms. This is both contrary to and consistent with the results of our recent study involving TcUBP1-overexpressing cells.

Conclusion
Together, our findings demonstrate that the genes exhibiting opposite changes under overexpression and knockdown conditions unveil key mRNA targets regulated by TcUBP1. These mostly encompass transcripts that encode for trypomastigote-specific surface glycoproteins and ribosomal proteins, supporting a role for TcUBP1 in determining the molecular characteristics of the infective stage.
PENGENALAN BUDAYA JEPANG DALAM KANAL YOUTUBE NIHONGO MANTAPPU JEROME POLIN
Authors: Mulyadi Budi , Prasetyaningtyas Alif 
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang bentuk budaya Jepang yang dikenalkan dalam youtube channell milik Jerome Polin Nihongo Mantappu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan bentuk budaya Jepang yang digambarkan melalui youtube channel Nihonggo Mantappu. Nihonggo Mantappu merupakan sebuah channel youtube yang dikelola oleh seorang youtuber terkenal Indonesia bernama Jerome Polin. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis deskriptif dimana data utama diambil dari beberapa video dalam kanal Youtube Nihongo Mantappu. Dari hasil penelitian, ditemukan ada dua bentuk kebudayaan Jepang yang digambarkan dalam kanal You tube tersebut, yaitu bentuk kebudayaan yang berupa artefak atau benda dan bentuk kebudayaan berupa aktivitas. Bentuk kebudayaan Jepang yang berupa artefak atau benda meliputi makanan, kemajuan teknologi, dan arsitektur. Sementara bentuk kebudayaan Jepang yang berupa aktivitas meliputi permainan tradisional Jepang, festival, kerja paruh waktu di Jepang, dan cara naik kereta di Jepang.