bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antenatal Care Counseling Pamphlet and Emergency Obstetric Care
Authors: Begum Ferdousi , Bhuiyan AB 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
A prospective longitudinal study with experimental design was undertaken among the MCH providers and antenatal mothers in 2 zones of Dhaka city, between July 1997 to June 1998. One of the objective of the study was to find out the effect of using antenatal care counselling pamphlet by the MCH service providers on quality of their antenatal care delivery and change in awareness of pregnant mother's on emergency obstetric care (EOC). A colored pamphlet on antenatal care counselling was developed and finalized after focal group discussion, pretesting and general discussion among professionals. Different category of MCH care providers were trained on why and how to use such pamphlet. Service providers (n-307) who used ANC pamphlet discussed various obstetric emergencies more frequently (p < .05 to p < .001) with the pregnant mothers in comparison to those who did not use such card. Similarly, knowledge among the service providers on place and person of referral for different obstetric complications also increased significantly (p < .04 to p < .001) after orientation on use of ANC pamphlet. Pregnant mothers who received at least 2 ANC session were interviewed during antenatal care, before (n-172) and after (n-300) the use of ANC pamphlet. Scoring on recognizing the pictures as obstetric emergency and being able to mention places and person of contact if such emergency arise (self referral) increased significantly (p <. 001). Use of ANC pamphlet increased quality of ANC counselling and the knowledge of pregnant mothers on obstetric complications and self referral.
Operant Self‐Administration Models for Testing the Neuropharmacological Basis of Ethanol Consumption in Rats
Authors: June Harry L. , Gilpin Nicholas W. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractOperant self‐administration procedures are used to assess the neural basis of ethanol‐seeking behavior under a wide range of experimental conditions. In general, rats do not spontaneously self‐administer ethanol in pharmacologically meaningful amounts. This unit provides a step‐by‐step guide for training rats to self‐administer quantities of ethanol that produce moderate to high blood‐alcohol content. Different protocols are used for rats that are genetically heterogeneous versus rats that are selectively bred for high alcohol preference. Also, these protocols have different sets of advantages and disadvantages in terms of the ability to control for caloric intake and taste of solutions in operant testing. Basic self‐administration protocols can also be altered to focus on different aspects of the motivational properties of ethanol (for example, those related to dependence). This unit provides multiple protocols that lead to alcohol intake in rats, which can be pharmacologically probed relative to a variety of control conditions.Curr. Protoc. Neurosci. 51:9.12.1‐9.12.26. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Application of Nexus Copy Number Software for CNV Detection and Analysis
Authors: Darvishi Katayoon 
Published: April 2010

AbstractAmong human structural genomic variation, copy number variants (CNVs) are the most frequently known component, comprised of gains/losses of DNA segments that are generally 1 kb in length or longer. Array‐based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) has emerged as a powerful tool for detecting genomic copy number variants (CNVs). With the rapid increase in the density of array technology and with the adaptation of new high‐throughput technology, a reliable and computationally scalable method for accurate mapping of recurring DNA copy number aberrations has become a main focus in research. Here we introduce Nexus Copy Number software, a platform‐independent tool, to analyze the output files of all types of commercial and custom‐made comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays, such as those manufactured by Affymetrix, Agilent Technologies, Illumina, and Roche NimbleGen. It also supports data generated by various array image‐analysis software tools such as GenePix, ImaGene, and BlueFuse. Curr. Protoc. Hum. Genet. 65:4.14.1‐4.14.28. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Quantitative Glycomics of Cultured Cells Using Isotopic Detection of Aminosugars with Glutamine (IDAWG)
Authors: Fang Meng , Lim Jae‐Min , Wells Lance 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIDAWG (Isotopic Detection of Aminosugars With Glutamine) is a newly reported, in vivo, stable isotopic labeling strategy for quantitative glycomics of cultured cells. Detailed procedures are provided for glycan analysis using IDAWG including labeling, release of both N‐ and O‐linked glycans, permethylation, and mass spectrometry analysis. The methods for data processing and calculations are also introduced here but have not yet been automated. Curr. Protoc. Chem Biol. 2:55‐69. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Targeted Degradation of Proteins by PROTACs
Authors: Jang Eun Ryoung , Lee Wooin , Kim Kyung Bo 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIn recent years, small interference RNAs (siRNAs) have greatly enhanced our understanding of protein functions by allowing knockdown of targeted proteins at the mRNA level. Similarly, in an effort to achieve degradation of targeted proteins at the post‐translational level, chimeric small molecules called “PROTACs” (PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeric molecules) have been developed. The PROTAC approach utilizes chimeric small molecules which recruit targeted proteins to the ubiquitin‐proteasome pathway, a major intracellular protein degradation system. Unlike conventional small molecules that bind to protein and inhibit its function, the PROTAC approach induces destruction of target protein via the ubiquitin‐proteasome system. This article presents a typical strategy for PROTAC design and preparation and biological characterization. Curr. Protoc. Chem Biol. 2:71‐87. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Antheraea assama Silk Fibroin‐Based Functional Scaffold with Enhanced Blood Compatibility for Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Kasoju Naresh , Bora Utpal 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe architecture and surface chemistry of a scaffold determine its utility in tissue engineering (TE). Conventional techniques have limitations in fabricating a scaffold with control over both architecture and surface chemistry. To ameliorate this, in this report, we demonstrate the fabrication of an Antheraea assama silk fibroin (AASF)‐based functional scaffold. AASF is a non‐mulberry variety having superior qualities to mulberry SF and is largely unexplored in the context of TE. First, a 3D scaffold with biomimetic architecture is fabricated. The scaffold is subsequently made blood compatible by modifying the surface chemistry through a simple sulfation reaction. EDX and FTIR analysis demonstrate the successful sulfation of the scaffold. SEM observations reveal that sulfation has no any effect on the scaffold architecture. TGA reveals that it has increased thermal stability. The sulfation reaction significantly improves the overall hydrophilicity of the scaffold, as is evident from the increase in water holding capacity; this possibly enhances the blood compatibility. The enhancement in blood compatibility of the sulfated scaffold is determined from in vitro haemolysis, protein adsorption and platelet adhesion studies. The sulfated scaffold is non‐toxic and supports cell adhesion and growth, as revealed by indirect and direct contact‐based in vitro cytotoxicity assays. This study reveals that the AASF‐based functional scaffold, which has biomimetic architecture and blood‐compatible surface chemistry, could be suitable for TE applications.
Ultrafast Hole‐Transfer Dynamics in Polymer/PCBM Bulk Heterojunctions
Authors: Bakulin Artem A. , Hummelen Jan C. , Pshenichnikov Maxim S. , van Loosdrecht Paul H. M. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractUltrafast dynamics of the hole‐transfer process from methanofullerene to a polymer in a polymer/PCBM bulk heterojunction are directly resolved. Injection of holes into MDMO‐PPV is markedly delayed with respect to [60]PCBM excitation. The fastest component of the delayed response is attributed to the PCBM–polymer hole‐transfer process (30 ± 10 fs), while the slower component (∼150 fs) is provisionally assigned to energy transfer and/or relaxation inside PCBM nanoclusters. The charge generation through the hole transfer is therefore as fast and efficient as through the electron‐transfer process. Exciton harvesting efficiency after PCBM excitation crucially depends on the concentration of the methanofullerene in the blend, which is related to changes in the blend morphology. Ultrafast charge generation is most efficient when the characteristic scale of phase separation in the blend does not exceed ∼20 nm. At larger‐scale phase separation, the exciton harvesting dramatically declines. The obtained results on the time scales of the ultrafast charge generation after PCBM excitation and their dependence on blend composition and morphology are instrumental for the future design of fullerene‐derivative‐based photovoltaic devices.
Preparation of High‐Performance Conductive Polymer Fibers through Morphological Control of Networks Formed by Nanofillers
Authors: Deng Hua , Skipa Tetyana , Bilotti Emiliano , Zhang Rui , Lellinger Dirk , Mezzo Luca , Fu Qiang , Alig Ingo , Peijs Ton 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA general method is described to prepare high‐performance conductive polymer fibers or tapes. In this method, bicomponent tapes/fibers containing two layers of conductive polymer composites (CPCs) filled with multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNT) or carbon black (CB) based on a lower‐melting‐temperature polymer and an unfilled polymer core with higher melting temperature are fabricated by a melt‐based process. Morphological control of the conductive network formed by nanofillers is realized by solid‐state drawing and annealing. Information on the morphological and electrical change of the highly oriented conductive nanofiller network in CPC bicomponent tapes during relaxation, melting, and crystallization of the polymer matrix is reported for the first time. The conductivity of these polypropylene tapes can be as high as 275 S m−1 with tensile strengths of around 500 MPa. To the best of the authors' knowledge, it is the most conductive, high‐strength polymer fiber produced by melt‐processing reported in literature, despite the fact that only ∼5 wt.% of MWNTs are used in the outer layers of the tape and the overall MWNT content in the bicomponent tape can be much lower (typically ∼0.5 wt.%). Their applications could include sensing, smart textiles, electrodes for flexible solar cells, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. Furthermore, a modeling approach was used to study the relaxation process of highly oriented conductive networks formed by carbon nanofillers.
Interface Engineering for Organic Electronics
Authors: Ma Hong , Yip Hin‐Lap , Huang Fei , Jen Alex K.‐Y. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe field of organic electronics has been developed vastly in the past two decades due to its promise for low cost, lightweight, mechanical flexibility, versatility of chemical design and synthesis, and ease of processing. The performance and lifetime of these devices, such as organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), photovoltaics (OPVs), and field‐effect transistors (OFETs), are critically dependent on the properties of both active materials and their interfaces. Interfacial properties can be controlled ranging from simple wettability or adhesion between different materials to direct modifications of the electronic structure of the materials. In this Feature Article, the strategies of utilizing surfactant‐modified cathodes, hole‐transporting buffer layers, and self‐assembled monolayer (SAM)‐modified anodes are highlighted. In addition to enabling the production of high‐efficiency OLEDs, control of interfaces in both conventional and inverted polymer solar cells is shown to enhance their efficiency and stability; and the tailoring of source–drain electrode–semiconductor interfaces, dielectric–semiconductor interfaces, and ultrathin dielectrics is shown to allow for high‐performance OFETs.
Efficient and Long‐Living Light‐Emitting Electrochemical Cells
Authors: Costa Rubén D. , Ortí Enrique , Bolink Henk J. , Graber Stefan , Housecroft Catherine E. , Constable Edwin C. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThree new heteroleptic iridium complexes that combine two approaches, one leading to a high stability and the other yielding a high luminescence efficiency, are presented. All complexes contain a phenyl group at the 6‐position of the neutral bpy ligand, which holds an additional, increasingly bulky substituent on the 4‐position. The phenyl group allows for intramolecular π–π stacking, which renders the complex more stable and yields long‐living light‐emitting electrochemical cells (LECs). The additional substituent increases the intersite distance between the cations in the film, reducing the quenching of the excitons, and should improve the efficiency of the LECs. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the three complexes have the desired π–π intramolecular interactions between the pendant phenyl ring of the bpy ligand and the phenyl ring of one of the ppy ligands in the ground and the excited states. The photoluminescence quantum efficiency of concentrated films of the complexes improves with the increasing size of the bulky groups indicating that the adopted strategy for improving the efficiency is successful. Indeed, LEC devices employing these complexes as the primary active component show shorter turn‐on times, higher efficiencies and luminances, and, surprisingly, also demonstrate longer device stabilities.
α‐ and β‐Stannyl Trifluoromethylbutenoates: Regioselective Preparation and Use in Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Allylation and Propargylation Reactions
Authors: Carcenac Yvan , Zine Khalid , Kizirian Jean‐Claude , Thibonnet Jérôme , Duchêne Alain , Parrain Jean‐Luc , Abarbri Mohamed 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe palladium‐free hydrostannylation of ethyl 4,4,4‐trifluorobutynoate1with tributyltin hydride at room temperature is highly regio‐ and stereoselective, providing good yields of β‐trifluoromethyl (Z)‐α‐ or (Z)‐β‐stannylacrylates2. Vinylstannanes2undergo a copper(I)‐catalyzed coupling reactions with allylic or propargylic bromides leading selectively to good yields of the corresponding allylated or propargylated products without allylic or allenic transposition.
Sulfonated N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes for Pd‐Catalyzed Sonogashira and Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling in Aqueous Solvents
Authors: Roy Sutapa , Plenio Herbert 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe reactions of the N,N′‐diarylimidazolium and N,N′‐diarylimidazolinium salts with chlorosulfonic acid result in the formation of the respective disulfonated N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) precursors in reasonable yields (46–77%). Water‐soluble palladium catalyst complexes, in situ obtained from the respective sulfonated imidazolinium salt, sodium tetrachloropalladate (Na2PdCl4) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) in water, were successfully applied in the copper‐free Sonogashira coupling reaction in isopropyl alcohol/water mixtures using 0.2 mol% catalyst loading. The preformed (disulfonatedNHC)PdCl(cinnamyl) complex was used in aqueous Suzuki–Miyaura reactions at 0.1 mol% catalyst loading. The coupling protocol reported here is very useful for Sonogashira reactions of N‐ and S‐heterocyclic aryl bromides and chlorides with aryl‐ and alkylacetylenes.
Synthesis of Benzoxazole and Benzimidazole Derivatives via Ligand‐Free Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reaction of o‐Halophenols or o‐Haloanilines with Carbodiimides
Authors: Shen Guodong , Bao Weiliang 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA novel and efficient synthesis of benzoxazole and benzimidazole derivatives via a ligand‐free, copper(I)‐catalyzed, one‐pot cascade process has been developed. A variety of carbodiimides coupled with o‐halophenols or o‐haloanilines to give the products in moderate to excellent yields under the mild conditions.
Copper‐Catalyzed Enantioselective [2+2] Cycloadditions of 2‐Nitrosopyridine with Ketenes
Authors: Chatterjee Indranil , Jana Chandan Kumar , Steinmetz Marc , Grimme Stefan , Studer Armido 
Published: April 2010

AbstractCopper(I)‐catalyzed [2+2] cycloadditions of various ketenes with 2‐nitrosopyridine to afford synthetically highly valuable 1,2‐oxazetidine‐3‐ones are shown to occur with good enantioselectivities. The thermal uncatalyzed process furnishes the unstable regioisomeric oxazetidinone. Density function theory (DFT) calculations give evidence that the reaction occurs via a concerted [2+2] cycloaddtion pathway.
The impact of multiple volatilities on import demand for U.S. commodities: the case of soybeans
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Reed Michael R. , Saghaian Sayed H. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe focus of this study is the effects of exchange rate, commodity price, and ocean freight cost risks on import demand with forward‐futures markets. The case of U.S. and Brazilian soybeans is analyzed empirically using monthly data. A two‐way error component two‐stage least squares procedure for panel data is used for the analysis. Risk for these three effects is measured by the moving average of the standard deviation. Major soybean importers are sensitive to exchange rate risk. Importing countries in general are not sensitive to soybean price and ocean shipping cost risks for Brazilian or U.S. soybeans. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An empirical investigation of Wal‐Mart's expansion into food retailing
Authors: Bonanno Alessandro 
Published: April 2010

AbstractAfter revolutionizing the concept of mass merchandising with its Discount Stores, Wal‐Mart has entered food retailing with its Supercenters, and has become the largest food retailer in the United States. Despite its relevance, little empirical research has focused on explaining the company's entry and expansion into food retailing. Wal‐Mart's expansion into food retailing through its store conversion strategy is analyzed using an industrial organization entry framework. The results show that Wal‐Mart's store conversion strategy has targeted largely populated areas with low population density, a high percentage of population receiving food stamps, and where the presence of incumbents is modest. The results also provide evidence that as the company moves toward saturation of local markets and increases store conversion rates, it may be forced to reconsider some of its strategic decisions based on the exploitation of economies of density and store conversion. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Barriers to HACCP implementation: evidence from the food processing sector in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Herath Deepananda , Henson Spencer 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThis study explores the barriers that impede the adoption of hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) by food processing firms in Ontario, Canada. The study identifies four broad groupings of barriers to HACCP implementation, namely perceptions that HACCP is of “questionable appropriateness” to the firm, the scale of change required to achieve implementation, low priority given to enhancement of food safety controls, and financial constraints. The severity of these identified barriers differs significantly between firms that have implemented HACCP and those that have not. In particular, HACCP implementation is impeded significantly by barriers related to financial constraints. The most important driver promoting implementation is customer requirements for HACCP to be implemented in supplier facilities. [EconLit citations: D210, L600, L660]. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Association between CYP2C19 polymorphism and depressive symptoms
Authors: Sim Sarah C. , Nordin Linn , Andersson Therese M.‐L. , Virding Susanne , Olsson Marita , Pedersen Nancy L. , Ingelman‐Sundberg Magnus 
Published: April 2010

AbstractCytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) is a polymorphic enzyme active in the metabolism of for example diazepam and the antidepressants sertraline, citalopram, and escitalopram, whereby allelic variants cause increased (CYP2C19*17) or abolished (mainly CYP2C19*2) enzymatic activity in drug metabolism. In light of the importance of CYP2C19 in the metabolism of psychoactive substances we considered it of interest to investigate the relationship between CYP2C19 polymorphisms and depressive symptoms in 1,472 subjects of European ancestry (45–98 years old) from the Swedish Twin Registry. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center of Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES‐D) scale. We found that poor metabolizers lacking CYP2C19 activity (PMs, CYP2C19*2/*2) had significantly lower levels of depressive symptoms than extensive metabolizers (EMs, CYP2C19*1/*1) (P = 0.0018). The size of this difference was in the same range as that between subjects reported taking antidepressants (n = 104) and those without antidepressant treatment (P < 0.0001). Our results suggest for the first time that the CYP2C19 polymorphism might be of importance for depressive symptoms, as here shown for older European adults. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association study of 182 candidate genes in anorexia nervosa
Authors: Pinheiro Andrea Poyastro , Bulik Cynthia M. , Thornton Laura M. , Sullivan Patrick F. , Root Tammy L. , Bloss Cinnamon S. , Berrettini Wade H. , Schork Nicholas J. , Kaye Walter H. , Bergen Andrew W. , Magistretti Pierre , Brandt Harry , Crawford Steve , Crow Scott , Fichter Manfred M. , Goldman David , Halmi Katherine A. , Johnson Craig , Kaplan Allan S. , Keel Pamela K. , Klump Kelly L. , La Via Maria , Mitchell James E. , Strober Michael , Rotondo Alessandro , Treasure Janet , Woodside D. Blake 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe performed association studies with 5,151 SNPs that were judged as likely candidate genetic variations conferring susceptibility to anorexia nervosa (AN) based on location under reported linkage peaks, previous results in the literature (182 candidate genes), brain expression, biological plausibility, and estrogen responsivity. We employed a case–control design that tested each SNP individually as well as haplotypes derived from these SNPs in 1,085 case individuals with AN diagnoses and 677 control individuals. We also performed separate association analyses using three increasingly restrictive case definitions for AN: all individuals with any subtype of AN (All AN: n = 1,085); individuals with AN with no binge eating behavior (AN with No Binge Eating: n = 687); and individuals with the restricting subtype of AN (Restricting AN: n = 421). After accounting for multiple comparisons, there were no statistically significant associations for any individual SNP or haplotype block with any definition of illness. These results underscore the importance of large samples to yield appropriate power to detect genotypic differences in individuals with AN and also motivate complementary approaches involving Genome‐Wide Association (GWA) studies, Copy Number Variation (CNV) analyses, sequencing‐based rare variant discovery assays, and pathway‐based analysis in order to make up for deficiencies in traditional candidate gene approaches to AN. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Palladium‐catalyzed reduction of nitroaromatic compounds to the corresponding anilines
Authors: Mirza‐Aghayan Maryam , Boukherroub Rabah , Rahimifard Mahshid , Bolourtchian Mohammad 
Published: April 2010

AbstractReduction of a variety of nitroaromatic compounds with triethylsilane in the presence of catalytic amounts of palladium chloride in ethanol resulted in the formation of the corresponding anilines in excellent yields. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.