bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Bio‐Activity of Alkyl/Aryl [2‐(1,2,4,5‐Tetrahydro‐3‐sulfanylene/selenylene naphtha[1,8][1,5,3]diazaphosphocin‐3‐yl)methyl amino acid esters].
Authors: Reddy S. Subba , Rao V. K. , Sankar A. U. Ravi , Raju C. N. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe synthesis of the eight‐membered phosphorus heterocyclic compounds (VI) and (VIII) is accomplished in three steps involving the cyclization of diaminonaphthalene (I) with tris(bromomethyl)phosphine (II), conversion of the naphthodiazaphosphocine (III) (no yield given) to the corresponding sulfide (IV) and selenide (VII), and reaction of the latter compounds with amino acid esters (V).
ChemInform Abstract: A Cleistanthane Diterpene from a Marine‐Derived Fusarium Species under Submerged Fermentation.
Authors: Shiono Yoshihito , Ogata Kota , Koseki Takuya , Murayama Tetsuya , Funakoshi Takayuki 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIsolation and structure determination of 14‐epi‐zythiostromic acid B (I) are described.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Limonoid from Trichilia connaroides
Authors: Geng Zhao‐Liang , Fang Xin , Di Ying‐Tong , Zhang Qiang , Shen Yue‐Mao , Hao Xiao‐Jiang 
Published: October 2010

Abstractstructure and in vitro cytotoxicity of trichiliton (I)
ChemInform Abstract: Novel C‐Aryl Glucoside SGLT2 Inhibitors as Potential Antidiabetic Agents: Pyridazinylmethylphenyl Glucoside Congeners.
Authors: Lee Jinhwa , et al. et al. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractAmong a variety of pyridazines the derivatives (I) show the best in vitro inhibition against SGLT2 (sodium‐dependent glucose cotransporter).
ChemInform Abstract: A Rapid Entry to C‐Prenylcarbazoles: Total Synthesis of Clausamine C—D (IVb), (IIIc), Clausevatine D (IVa) and Clausine F (IIIb).
Authors: Jana Amit Kumar , Mal Dipakranjan 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA Claisen rearrangement, the selective removal of a methoxycarbonyl group and an unusual oxidative cyclization are the key steps of the title syntheses.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 5‐(3‐Indolyl)oxazole Natural Products. Structure Revision of Almazole D.
Authors: Miyake Fumiko , Hashimoto Michinao , Tonsiengsom Sorasaree , Yakushijin Kenichi , Horne David A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractUse of β‐oxytryptophan ester (I) in the synthesis of title indolyloxazole natural products leads to revision of the structure of antibiotic almazole D as compound (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Michael Addition of Aldehydes to Protected 2‐Amino‐1‐nitroethenes: The Practical Syntheses of Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) and Substituted 3‐Aminopyrrolidines.
Authors: Zhu Shaolin , Yu Shouyun , Wang You , Ma Dawei 
Published: October 2010

AbstractN‐Protected nitroenamines undergo organocatalytic stereoselective Michael reaction towards aliphatic aldehydes to afford β‐amino‐γ‐nitroaldehydes in good yields and stereoselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: The Impact of Oxacarbenium Ion Conformers on the Stereochemical Outcome of Glycosylation
Authors: Walvoort Marthe T. C. , Dinkelaar Jasper , van den Bos Leendert J. , Lodder Gerrit , Overkleeft Herman S. , Codee Jeroen D. C. , van der Marel Gijsbert A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractReview: 101 refs.
Perspectives for a Resource Efficient Industrialized Society
Authors: Köglmeier M. , Faulstich M. , Mocker M. , Leipprand A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractNeben den allseits diskutierten endlichen Energierohstoffen rücken derzeit die ebenso knappen metallischen und mineralischen Rohstoffe verstärkt in den Fokus von Wirtschaft, Politik und Forschung. Die geforderte Steigerung der Rohstoff‐ und Materialeffizienz kann prinzipiell auf allen Ebenen der Wertschöpfungskette erfolgen. Eine systematische Analyse liefert sowohl Ansatzpunkte beim Rohstoffabbau und der Grundstoffproduktion, welche allerdings nur begrenztes Potenzial zur Materialeinsparung besitzen, als auch auf den Ebenen der Güterproduktion und Güternutzung sowie der Abfallwirtschaft. Diese letztgenannten Wertschöpfungsstufen stellen den weitaus größeren Hebel dar. Allerdings erfordern konkrete Maßnahmen wie materialeffizientes Design, optimierte Produktionsprozesse, Leasing‐Modelle oder Urban‐Mining eine möglichst international abgestimmte, integrierte Politik und eine spürbare Veränderung im Nutzerverhalten.
Crushed recycled glass as a filter medium and comparison with silica sand
Authors: Soyer Elif , Akgiray Ömer , Eldem Nursen Öz , Saatçı Ahmet Mete 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe objective of this work was to evaluate crushed recycled glass as a medium for rapid filtration. In the first part of this work, physical and hydraulic characteristics of the glass medium were studied. In the second part, pilot scale inline filtration experiments were carried out using raw waters from three different water sources. Two physically identical filter columns were operated in parallel in all the experiments. One filter contained a silica sand medium that is widely used in Turkey, whereas the other filter contained crushed recycled glass. Experiments were repeated five times as follows: (i) Without the use of a coagulant, (ii–iii) with 5 mg/L and 10 mg/L of alum, and (iv–v) with 5 mg/L and 10 mg/L of ferric chloride. Turbidity, particle counts, and head losses were measured and compared as functions of time. The following were observed: (1) Provided that a coagulant was used, the filter containing crushed glass produced effluent turbidities and particle counts similar to those obtained with the sand filter. (2) The crushed glass medium generated both a smaller clean‐bed head loss and smaller clogging head losses than those of the sand filter. It is concluded that crushed glass shows significant promise as an alternative to silica sand in rapid filtration.
High‐grade atypical epithelial cells in pancreatic mucinous cysts are a more accurate predictor of malignancy than “positive” cytology
Authors: Pitman Martha Bishop , Genevay Muriel , Yaeger Kurt , Chebib Ivan , Turner Brian G. , Mino‐Kenudson Mari , Brugge William R. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:The Sendai guidelines for risk assessment of malignancy in patients with mucinous cysts lists “positive” cytology as a high‐risk feature. In the current study, the authors hypothesized that a cytological threshold of high‐grade atypical epithelial cells (AEC) is a more accurate predictor of malignancy.METHODS:The clinical, radiological, and cytological data of 112 patients with histologically confirmed mucinous cysts of the pancreas were reviewed. Cytology slides were blindly reviewed and cells were classified as benign, AEC, or malignant. On histology, neoplasms were grouped as benign (low‐grade and moderate dysplasia) and malignant (high‐grade dysplasia/carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma).RESULTS:There were 92 patients with an intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) and 20 with a mucinous cystic neoplasm; 39 were malignant and 73 were benign (42 with low‐grade dysplasia and 31 with moderate dysplasia). Only 28% (11 of 39) of the malignant cysts were cytologically malignant with a sensitivity of 29%, a specificity of 100%, and an accuracy of 75%. AEC detected 17 additional cancers (44% of all malignant cysts; 16% more than detected on the basis of “positive” cytology). By using AEC as a surgical triage threshold, the sensitivity was 72%, the specificity was 85%, and the accuracy was 80%, with similar values for small (≤3 cm) branch duct IPMN. Nine of 73 (12%) benign cysts were identified with AEC, 4 of which had moderate dysplasia. AEC had a positive predictive value of 87% for the detection of a mucinous cyst with moderate dysplasia or worse.CONCLUSIONS:AEC are a more accurate predictor of malignancy than “positive” cytology in aspirates of pancreatic mucinous cysts, including small branch duct IPMN. AEC warrant a “suspicious” interpretation for appropriate surgical triage. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2010;. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Evaluation of discomfort glare from color leds and its correlation with individual variations in brightness sensitivity
Authors: Kimura‐Minoda Takako , Ayama Miyoshi 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe light‐emitting diode (LED) has attracted attention as an alternative light source to fluorescent and incandescent lighting. The characteristics of LED light are different from other sources, but regulations for LED products have not been completely established. Common LED lights, such as automotive lamps, street lighting systems and traffic lights, are produced under the existing glare regulations for other light sources, and some organizations are seeking to establish standardized regulations for LED products. Glare can impair vision and cause discomfort and must be considered when establishing regulations for lights. In this study, we measured the sensitivity of observers to the discomfort glare from color LEDs and analyzed the correlation between discomfort glare sensitivity and brightness sensitivity using heterochromatic brightness matching and flicker photometry. The results indicate a correlation between discomfort glare sensitivity and brightness sensitivity using blue LEDs and mild correlations with green and red LEDs. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2010.
Colour changes of heat‐treated woods of red‐bud maple, European hophornbeam and oak
Authors: Turgut Sahin Halil , Burak Arslan M. , Korkut Suleyman , Sahin Candan 
Published: October 2010

AbstractColour evolution and colour changes were analyzed from small specimens of three heat treated wood species using the CIE L*a*b* colour space. Upon heat exposure, the wood substance became darker of species; this was accompanied by a steady reduction in lightness. As treatment conditions (e.g., time and temperature) increase, various shades of yellow were favoured for the surface of red‐bud maple wood (Δb = 1.22–9.79). For European hophornbeam wood, increased times at elevated temperatures make a blue (−b) colour the better choice. The total colour difference (ΔE) of the surfaces of wood substrates appear to be well correlated with the treatment temperature and time. The FTIR spectra suggest that the level of modification was insufficient for removing the major cell wall constituents of the wood substrates.All heat‐treated samples showed much less stability against colour difference in outdoor conditions. For red‐bud maple, the greatest improvement was achieved for samples that were treated at 150°C for 2 h (ΔE = 3.12). However, heat‐treated oak wood hadmuch less stability of colour difference for treatment conditions of 150°C for 10 h. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2010.
Unique hue data for colour appearance models. Part I: Loci of unique hues and hue uniformity
Authors: Xiao Kaida , Wuerger Sophie , Fu Chenyang , Karatzas Dimosthenis 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPsychophysical experiments were conducted to assess unique hues on a CRT display for a large sample of colour‐normal observers (n = 185). These data were then used to evaluate the most commonly used colour appearance model, CIECAM02, by transforming the CIEXYZ tristimulus values of the unique hues to the CIECAM02 colour appearance attributes, lightness, chroma and hue angle. We report two findings: (1) the hue angles derived from our unique hue data are inconsistent with the commonly used Natural Color System hues that are incorporated in the CIECAM02 model. We argue that our predicted unique hue angles (derived from our large dataset) provide a more reliable standard for colour management applications when the precise specification of these salient colours is important. (2) We test hue uniformity for CIECAM02 in all four unique hues and show significant disagreements for all hues, except for unique red which seems to be invariant under lightness changes. Our dataset is useful to improve the CIECAM02 model as it provides reliable data for benchmarking. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2011
Probing Functional Groups at the Gas–Aerosol Interface Using Heterogeneous Titration Reactions: A Tool for Predicting Aerosol Health Effects?
Authors: Setyan Ari , Sauvain Jean‐Jacques , Guillemin Michel , Riediker Michael , Demirdjian Benjamin , Rossi Michel J. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe complex chemical and physical nature of combustion and secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) in general precludes the complete characterization of both bulk and interfacial components. The bulk composition reveals the history of the growth process and therefore the source region, whereas the interface controls—to a large extent—the interaction with gases, biological membranes, and solid supports. We summarize the development of a soft interrogation technique, using heterogeneous chemistry, for the interfacial functional groups of selected probe gases [N(CH3)3, NH2OH, CF3COOH, HCl, O3, NO2] of different reactivity. The technique reveals the identity and density of surface functional groups. Examples include acidic and basic sites, olefinic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) sites, and partially and completely oxidized surface sites. We report on the surface composition and oxidation states of laboratory‐generated aerosols and of aerosols sampled in several bus depots. In the latter case, the biomarker 8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanosine, signaling oxidative stress caused by aerosol exposure, was isolated. The increase in biomarker levels over a working day is correlated with the surface density NiO3 of olefinic and/or PAH sites obtained from O3 uptakes as well as with the initial uptake coefficient, γ0, of five probe gases used in the field. This correlation with γ0 suggests the idea of competing pathways occurring at the interface of the aerosol particles between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) responsible for oxidative stress and cellular antioxidants.
Strategic corporate social responsibility: a ‘dynamic capabilities’ perspective
Authors: Ramachandran Venugopal 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACTIn this paper, strategic corporate social responsibility (CSR) is defined on the basis of Porter's theory of competitive advantage. Two kinds of dynamic capabilities are proposed as the precursors to strategic CSR success and operationalized in terms of two sets of associated processes. The effectiveness of these processes is postulated to be dependent on their attributes and the human and social capital employed in them. Implications for practitioners and researchers are outlined. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Analytical modeling of bidirectional multi‐channel IEEE 802.11 MAC protocols
Authors: Gupta Vandana , Gong Mingwei , Dharmaraja S. , Williamson Carey 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis paper presents an analytical approach to model the bi‐directional multi‐channel IEEE 802.11 MAC protocols (Bi‐MCMAC) forad hocnetworks. Extensive simulation work has been done for the performance evaluation of IEEE 802.11 MAC protocols. Since simulation has several limitations, this work is primarily based on the analytical approach. The objective of this paper is to show analytically the performance advantages of Bi‐MCMAC protocol over the classical IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol. The distributed coordination function (DCF) mode of medium access control (MAC) is considered in the modeling. Two different channel scheduling strategies, namely,random channel selectionandfastest channel first selectionstrategy are also presented in the presence of multiple channels with different transmission rates. M/G/1 queue is used to model the protocols, and stochastic reward nets (SRNs) are employed as a modeling technique as it readily captures the synchronization between events in the DCF mode of access. The average system throughput, mean delay, and server utilization of each MAC protocol are evaluated using the SRN formalism. We also validate our analytical model by comparison with simulation results. The results obtained through the analytical modeling approach illustrate the performance advantages of Bi‐MCMAC protocols with the fastest channel first scheduling strategy over the classical IEEE 802.11 protocol for TCP traffic in wirelessad hocnetworks. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Liposomes for enhanced cytotoxic activity of bleomycin
Authors: Alomrani Abdullah H. , El Maghraby Gamal M. , Alanazi Fars K. , Al‐Mohanna Mai A. , Alaiya Ayodele A. , Alsarra Ibrahim A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of liposome composition, which affects the nature of vesicular membrane on the cytotoxic efficacy of bleomycin. Formulation A comprised phosphatidylcholine (PC), cholesterol (CH), and dicetylphosphate (DCP). Formulation B employed PC, CH with dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) as the fusogenic component. Formulation C consisted of rigid liposomes comprising dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), CH, and DCP. Preparation D contained dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC), CH, and DCP. Formulation E employed the same components of B, with PC being replaced with Pegylated PC. The cytotoxic efficacy was monitored using the Daudi cell line obtained from Burkitt's lymphoma. Formulations A and B significantly increased the cell death via necrosis compared with drug solution. Formulation D produced marginal increase in the efficacy of bleomycin with the rigid vesicles being similar to the control. Pegylated liposomes (E) were as effective as A and B, but the cytotoxic effect was via apoptosis. In conclusion, the efficacy of liposomes depended on the composition with fusogenic, flexible, or Pegylated vesicles being superior. Drug Dev Res 72: 265–273, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Xenopus sonic hedgehog guides retinal axons along the optic tract
Authors: Gordon Laura , Mansh Matthew , Kinsman Helen , Morris Andrea R. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe role of classic morphogens such as Sonic hedgehog (Shh) as axon guidance cues has been reported in a variety of vertebrate organisms (Charron and Tessier‐Lavigne [2005] Development 132:2251–2262). In this work, we provide the first evidence that Xenopus sonic hedgehog (Xshh) signaling is involved in guiding retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons along the optic tract. Xshh is expressed in the brain during retinal axon extension, adjacent to these axons in the ventral diencephalon. Retinal axons themselves express Patched 1 and Smoothened co‐receptors during RGC axon growth. Blocking Shh signaling causes abnormal ventral pathfinding, and targeting errors at the optic tectum. Misexpression of exogenous N‐Shh peptide in vivo also causes pathfinding errors. Retinal axons grown in culture respond to N‐Shh in a dose‐dependent manner, either by decreasing extension at lower concentrations, or retracting axons in the presence of higher doses. These data suggest that Shh signaling is required for normal RGC axon pathfinding and tectal targeting in the developing visual system of Xenopus. We propose that Shh serves as a ventral optic tract repellent that helps to define the caudal boundary for retinal axons in the diencephalon, and that this signaling is also required for initial target recognition at the optic tectum. Developmental Dynamics 239:2921–2932, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cellular response after crush injury in adult zebrafish spinal cord
Authors: Hui Subhra Prakash , Dutta Anindita , Ghosh Sukla 
Published: October 2010

AbstractZebrafish proves to be an excellent model system to study spinal cord regeneration because it can repair its disengaged axons and replace lost cells after injury, allowing the animal to make functional recovery. We have characterized injury response following crush injury, which is comparable to the mammalian mode of injury. Infiltrations of blood cells during early phases involve macrophages that are important in debris clearance and probably in suppression of inflammatory response. Unlike mammals where secondary injury mechanisms lead to apoptotic death of both neurons and glia, here we observe a beneficial role of apoptotic cell death. Injury‐induced proliferation, presence of radial glia cells, and their role as progenitor all contribute to cellular replacement and successful neurogenesis after injury in adult zebrafish. Together with cell replacement phenomenon, there is creation of a permissive environment that includes the absence or clearance of myelin debris, presence of Schwann cells, and absence of inflammatory response. Developmental Dynamics 239:2962–2979, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fluorescent whole‐mount method for visualizing three‐dimensional relationships in intact and regenerating adult newt spinal cords
Authors: Zukor Katherine A. , Kent David T. , Odelberg Shannon J. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractAdult newts have the remarkable ability to regenerate their spinal cords after a complete transection injury. To understand this process, we have developed a method for visualizing the cellular and molecular events during regeneration in whole‐mount preparations using fluorescent probes (streptavidins and antibodies) and confocal microscopy. This method was optimized by varying parameters associated with fixation, tissue trimming, fluorescent probe penetration, and clearing and represents a significant advance in our ability to observe the intact and regenerating newt spinal cord. These methods should also be widely applicable to the study of other newt tissues and adult tissues from other model systems. Developmental Dynamics 239:3048–3057, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Summary of ‘Allergen injection immunotherapy for seasonal allergic rhinitis’
Authors: Office Evidence‐Based Child Health Editorial 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Calderon MA, Alves B, Jacobson M, Hurwitz B, Sheikh A, Durham S. Allergen injection immunotherapy for seasonal allergic rhinitis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD001936. DOI: 10.1002/14 651 858.CD001936.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Commentary. Copyright © 2010 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Commentary on ‘Cochrane Meta‐Analysis of Subcutaneous Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis’
Authors: Rotiroti Guiseppina , Scadding Glenis 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis is a commentary on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Calderon MA, Alves B, Jacobson M, Hurwitz B, Sheikh A, Durham S. Allergen injection immunotherapy for seasonal allergic rhinitis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD001936. DOI: 10.1002/14 651 858.CD001936.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Summary article. Copyright © 2010 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Summary of ‘Reminder systems and late patient tracers in the diagnosis and management of tuberculosis’
Authors: Office Evidence‐Based Child Health Editorial 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Liu Q, Abba K, Alejandria MM, Balanag VM, Berba RP, Lansang MAD. Reminder systems and late patient tracers in the diagnosis and management of tuberculosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD006594. DOI: 10.1002/14 651 858.CD006594.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Commentary. Copyright © 2010 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration