bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between serum matrix metalloproteinase and antigenemia levels in patients infected with rotavirus
Authors: Kawamura Yoshiki , Sugata Ken , Nakai Hidetaka , Asano Yoshizo , Ohashi Masahiro , Kato Tomochika , Nishimura Naoko , Ozaki Takao , Yui Akiko , Taniguchi Koki , Yoshikawa Tetsushi 
Published: April 2012

AbstractRotavirus (RV) antigenemia has been reported in patients with gastroenteritis; however, the exact mechanism remains unclear. In order to elucidate the mechanism of RV antigenemia, an association between RV antigenemia and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) were analyzed. The object of this study was to elucidate the role of MMPs and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in the pathogenesis of RV antigenemia. Forty children admitted to hospital with RV gastroenteritis were enrolled in this study. Paired serum samples were collected at the time of admission and discharge. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used to detect serum concentrations of viral antigens, MMP‐1, ‐2, ‐9, ‐13, TIMP ‐1, and ‐2. Cytokines were measured using flow cytometric beads array. RV antigens were significantly higher in serum collected at the time of admission than discharge (P < 0.001). MMP‐9 concentrations were significantly higher in serum collected at the time of admission than discharge (P < 0.001). MMP‐2 concentrations were significantly lower in serum collected at the time of admission than discharge (P < 0.001). A weak but a significantly positive association (P = 0.034) was observed between RV antigen and MMP‐9 in serum collected at the time of admission, and inverse association was observed between RV antigen and MMP‐2. In addition, a weak but significantly positive association (P = 0.002) was observed between IL‐6 and MMP‐9. These data suggest that MMPs may contribute to the pathogenesis of RV antigenemia. J. Med. Virol. 84:986–991, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sexuality after treatment of head and neck cancer: Findings based on modification of sexual adjustment questionnaire
Authors: Moreno Kattia F. , Khabbaz Eyad , Gaitonde Krishnanath , Meinzen‐Derr Jareen , Wilson Keith M. , Patil Yash J. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Evaluate sexual dysfunction in patients after treatment for head and neck cancer.Study Design:Single‐institution cross‐sectional study.Methods:Our modified Sexual Adjustment Questionnaire was administered to 42 patients (mean age, 55.1 years) and included seven questions (total score, 7–35). Based on sexual satisfaction ratings, we categorized three groups as unsatisfied (7–16), satisfied (17–25), and very satisfied (26–35). Clinical information was obtained by reviewing medical records. Bivariate analysis tested associations between sexual satisfaction and patient‐related factors (e.g., sex, age, site/cancer stage, treatment, time between treatment and survey, partner, alcohol/tobacco consumption). Pearson correlation was used to analyze two continuous variables, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the independent impact of each factor.Results:All 42 patients rated that head and neck cancer negatively impacted their sexual relationships, including 21 (50%) rating effects as negative or extremely negative. Men reported higher satisfaction scores with sexual function (mean ± standard deviation) than women (19.9 ± 5.0 vs. 16.3 ± 6.5, respectively; P = .06). Respondents with partners reported higher scores than those without partners (19.9 ± 5.3 vs. 14.1 ± 4.4, respectively; P = .01). When the survey was administered (median, 12 months; range, 4–33 months) after the first treatment, mean score was 19; 57% of respondents were sexually satisfied, 31% were unsatisfied, and 12% were very satisfied. Instrument reliability was .82 (Cronbach alpha).Conclusions:Patients who are male and ≤60 years have a higher probability of sexual satisfaction during recovery. Our sexual dysfunction questionnaire will be administered in further prospective studies in patients with head and neck cancer. Laryngoscope, 2012
Disparities in head and neck cancer: Assessing delay in treatment initiation
Authors: Patel Urjeet A. , Brennan Tara E. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Disparities in outcome for head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment are related to diverse factors including tumor stage, socioeconomic status, and treatment compliance. Latency to initiation of therapy may contribute to worse outcomes for underserved populations. The objectives of this study were to measure the interval from diagnosis of HNC to initiation of cancer treatment (DTI) and to identify factors that prolong DTI.Study Design:Retrospective study.Methods:We identified 150 consecutive patients treated for squamous cell HNC at a tertiary‐care public hospital between 2005 and 2007. Outcome measures used were 1) interval between cancer diagnosis and treatment initiation and 2) factors that predict prolonged DTI.Results:We included 100 patients in the analysis. Median time to perform biopsy was 8 days; time to obtain final diagnosis was 14 days; time to complete staging scans was 18 days; time to discuss treatment plan was 23 days; time to initiation of therapy was 56 days. Median DTI was 48 days. DTI was prolonged for patients receiving primary radiotherapy compared to surgical therapy: 57 versus 30 days (P < .001). Early stage tumors had shorter DTI than late‐stage tumors: 38 versus 57 days (P = .02). Presenting with outside biopsy demonstrating HNC also reduced DTI (P = .03). Obtaining a computed tomography scan in the emergency department was not found to significantly affect DTI.Conclusions:DTI was found to be prolonged among HNC patients in this study when compared to previously published treatment intervals. Advanced stage of tumor, primary radiotherapy, and need for biopsy prolonged DTI. Future studies should better identify causes of delay and reduce latency for patients at highest risk for delay. Laryngoscope, 2012
Lateral pediatric ectopic thyroid
Authors: Maki Alexandra C. , Foster Michael B. , Bond Sheldon J. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWe present a case of a left‐sided neck mass in an 8‐year‐old female that proved to be ectopic thyroid tissue. After excision, this patient continues to do well and is euthyroid without recurrence after 8‐year follow‐up. This is a very rare anomaly in a child, especially in conjunction with a normally located thyroid that is functional. We reviewed the literature of displaced ectopic thyroid tissue. Laryngoscope, 2012
Synthesis of Functional Core, Star Polymers via RAFT Polymerization for Drug Delivery Applications
Authors: Liu Jinna , Duong Hien , Whittaker Michael R. , Davis Thomas P. , Boyer Cyrille 
Published: April 2012

AbstractPoly(oligoethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate was polymerized via reversible addition fragmentation transfer polymerization (RAFT), and then chain extended in the presence of both a cross‐linker and vinyl benzaldehyde (VBA), yielding monodisperse star polymers. The presence of aldehyde groups in the core was exploited to attach doxorubicin. The drug loading was controlled by the amount of VBA incorporated (until 28 wt% in drug). The doxorubicin release was studied at pH = 5.5 and 7.4; conditions representative of endosomal and extra cellular environments. In vitro studies revealed that the doxorubicin‐conjugated star polymers had a level of cytotoxicity comparable to that found for free doxorubicin. Confocal microscopy and flow cytometry studies confirmed efficient cell uptake of the star polymers.
Heparosan‐Derived Heparan Sulfate/Heparin‐Like Compounds: One Kind of Potential Therapeutic Agents
Authors: Li Pingli , Sheng Juzheng , Liu Yuhong , Li Juan , Liu Jian , Wang Fengshan 
Published: April 2012

AbstractHeparan sulfate (HS) is a highly sulfated glycosaminoglycan and exists in all animal tissues.HSand heparin are very similar, except that heparin has higher level of sulfation and higher content of iduronic acid. Despite the fact that it is a century‐old drug, heparin remains as a top choice for treating thrombotic disorders. Pharmaceutical heparin is derived from porcine intestine or bovine lung via a long supply chain. This supply chain is vulnerable to the contamination of animal pathogens. Therefore, new methods for manufacturing heparin or heparin‐like substances devoid of animal tissues have been explored by many researchers, among which, modifications of heparosan, the capsular polysaccharide ofEscherichia coliK5 strain, is one of the promising approaches. Heparosan has a structure similar to unmodified backbone of naturalHSand heparin. It is feasible to obtainHSor heparin derivatives by modifying heparosan with chemical or enzymatic methods. These derivatives display different biological activities, such as anticoagulant, anti‐inflammatory, anticancer, and antiviral activities. This review focuses on the recent studies of synthesis, activity, and structure‐activity relationship ofHS/heparin‐like derivatives prepared from heparosan.
Variability in the East Asian Monsoon: a review
Authors: Ha Kyung‐Ja , Heo Ki‐Young , Lee Sun‐Seon , Yun Kyung‐Sook , Jhun Jong‐Ghap 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThis study presents reviews of recent research on the structure and the multiscale variability in the East Asian monsoon. The boreal summer and winter seasons in the East Asian monsoon region exhibit significant intraseasonal, interannual and interdecadal variabilities. The interannual intensity of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) is mainly associated with the position of the centre of the Bonin High, which may be distinguished from the North Pacific anticyclone. The frequencies of heavy rainfall events and associated rainfall amounts increase, and extreme heavy rainfall is higher in August than in July, due to changes that occurred in the August rainfall‐El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) relationship around the mid‐1970s. This intraseasonal variability in EASM plays a more important role in the explanations of the interannual variability and climate change than does the annual mean. The interannual variability in the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) depends on the behaviour of the Siberian High (SH), Aleutian Low and the subtropical westerly jet stream. An EAWM index that takes into account the meridional shear of a 300 hPa zonal wind is a good indicator to represent the intensity of the EAWM. The Arctic Oscillation has a close relationship with the EAWM intensity on the decadal time scale. Distinct sub‐seasonal variability is characterized with northward propagation and is observed in the interdecadal change in the monsoonal intraseasonal oscillation (ISO)‐ENSO relationship. The preceding winter ENSO influenced the early summer northward propagating ISO (NPISO) activity before the late 1970s, whereas a strong NPISO–ENSO relationship appeared during the later summer after the late 1970s. The NPISO–ENSO relationship is robust owing to a tropical atmospheric bridge process involving the Walker Circulation and Rossby Wave propagation. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
Urinary excretion and metabolism of procyanidins in pigs
Authors: Rzeppa Sebastian , Bittner Katharina , Döll Susanne , Dänicke Sven , Humpf Hans‐Ulrich 
Published: April 2012

ScopeAim of this study was to investigate urinary excretion and metabolism of procyanidins a group of secondary plant metabolites with many beneficial health effects described in literature.Methods and resultsTo investigate the metabolism of procyanidins in the absence of flavan‐3‐ols, centrifugal partition chromatography was used for their reduction in a grape seed extract to a level of almost zero. After administration of the monomer reduced grape seed extract (mredGSE) containing procyanidins B1, B2, B3, B4, C1 to pigs flavan‐3‐ols, their methyl derivatives, dimeric and trimeric procyanidins were determined in urine by high‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS/MS). Maximal concentrations of procyanidins 6 h after administration vary from 5 to 30 ng/mg creatinine. Total excretion of flavan‐3‐ols and their methyl derivatives indicates an increasing trend for pigs given mredGSE in comparison to pigs of the control group. Flavan‐3‐ols were conjugated and methylated to a great extent in comparison to dimeric and trimeric procyanidins. In the case of low molecular weight metabolites, an increasing trend was observed for hippuric acid, not for phenolic acids.ConclusionsRatios of total excretion of procyanidins to administrated amounts between 0.004% (C1) and 0.019% (B4) suggest a poor urinary excretion by pigs. A transfer of these results to humans is possible due to their similar gastrointestinal tract.
Dietary exposure to fumonisins and evaluation of nutrient intake in a group of adult celiac patients on a gluten‐free diet
Authors: Dall'Asta Chiara , Scarlato Alessia Pia , Galaverna Gianni , Brighenti Furio , Pellegrini Nicoletta 
Published: April 2012

ScopeThe main objectives of this study were to estimate dietary fumonisin exposure and nutrient intake in a group of patients diagnosed with celiac disease compared to non‐celiac subjects.Methods and resultsThe fumonisin level in 118 frequently consumed corn‐based products was determined and dietary habits were recorded using a 7‐day weighed food record. Data were then compared to those obtained for a control group. The fumonisin intake in the celiac patients was significantly higher than in controls, with mean values (± SE) of 0.395 ± 0.049 and 0.029 ± 0.006 μg/kg body weight per day, respectively. With regard to nutritional habits, celiac patients showed a preference for a high fat diet, coupled with a high intake of sweets and soft drinks and a low intake of vegetables, iron, calcium and folate.ConclusionThese findings may have serious health implications for the celiac population due to the widespread occurrence of fumonisins in most of the widely consumed gluten‐free products, leading to continuous exposure to this particular mycotoxin. Moreover, the recorded nutritional quality of the celiac patient's diet raises concerns regarding its long‐term adequacy and its potential impact on chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
Real‐time MRI of speaking at a resolution of 33 ms: Undersampled radial FLASH with nonlinear inverse reconstruction
Authors: Niebergall Aaron , Zhang Shuo , Kunay Esther , Keydana Götz , Job Michael , Uecker Martin , Frahm Jens 
Published: April 2012

AbstractDynamic MRI studies of the upper airway during speaking, singing or swallowing are complicated by the need for high temporal resolution and the presence of air‐tissue interfaces that may give rise to image artifacts such as signal void and geometric distortions. This work exploits a recently developed real‐time MRI technique to address these challenges for monitoring speech production at 3 T. The method combines a short‐echo time radial FLASH MRI sequence (pulse repetition time/echo time = 2.22/1.44 ms; flip angle 5°) with pronounced undersampling (15 radial spokes per image) and image reconstruction by regularized nonlinear inversion. The resulting serial images at 1.5 mm in‐plane resolution and 33.3 ms acquisition time are free of motion or susceptibility artifacts. This application focuses on a dynamic visualization of the main articulators during natural speech production (Standard Modern German). Respective real‐time MRI movies at 30 frames per second clearly demonstrate the spatiotemporal coordination of lips, tongue, velum, and larynx for generating vowels, consonants, and coarticulations. The quantitative results for individual phonetic events are in agreement with previous non‐MRI findings. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Automated Analysis of Coronary Artery Disease by Computed Tomography
Authors: Gaztanaga Juan , Garcia Mario J. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractComputer‐assisted detection systems are widely used in many areas of radiology. Coronary computed tomography angiography is a growing area of clinical cardiology and computer‐assisted detection systems play an integral part in analysis. Truly automated systems are still in clinical‐trial stages, but manually assisted programs are in clinical use today for calcium scoring as well as plaque burden, composition, and stenosis analysis. They are being used as a tool for confirmation more than for diagnosis. Accurate plaque‐composition analysis would be a critical tool for better understanding the mechanisms and effectiveness of novel therapies for coronary atherosclerosis. A need for a complete quick, safe, noninvasive plaque analysis is the goal of automated coronary stenosis detection systems; however, their potential clinical benefit remains unknown. Mt Sinai J Med 79:295–301, 2012 © 2012 Mount Sinai School of Medicine
Living Donor Liver Transplantation: Ethical Considerations
Authors: Miller Charles M. , Smith Martin L. , Diago Uso Teresa 
Published: April 2012

AbstractMost solid‐organ transplants performed in the Western world are from deceased donors. In the last decade, deceased donation rates have reached a plateau as the number of patients with end‐stage organ disease has steadily increased, resulting in a large discrepancy between organ supply and demand. Living donor transplantation is one way to decrease this discrepancy. However, living donation is not universally accepted. For instance, living donation rates vary geographically (eg, living donation is more accepted in Asia than in the Western world) and depend on the organ donated (eg, kidney versus liver donation). In this article we will review the ethical principles guiding living donor liver transplantation, with emphasis on justification and safeguards that support the practice of adult‐to‐adult living donor liver transplantation, the most clinically and ethically challenging type of living organ donation. Our ethical justification will include a presentation of triangular or tripartite equipoise, a framework that aims to balance donor safety, expected recipient outcomes, and need. Mt Sinai J Med 79:214–222, 2012. © 2012 Mount Sinai School of Medicine
Intestinal Transplantation Outcomes
Authors: Gondolesi Gabriel E. , Almau Héctor M. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIntestinal transplantation has evolved from being considered an experimental procedure into a clinically accepted therapy for patients with intestinal failure and parenteral nutrition life‐threatening complications. Early referral, advances in immunosuppression therapy, standardization of surgical techniques, prophylactic therapy of infections, early diagnosis of rejection, and better posttransplant patient management are some of the changes that have allowed more patients to receive transplants, thus recovering intestinal sufficiency, and at the same time allowing the procedure to spread worldwide. Over the last 2 decades, transplant centers have focused on improving short‐term patient survival, which has consequently increased by >20%. It is now clear that even though isolated intestinal‐transplant recipients have lower mortality risk on the waiting list, they are at higher risk for long‐term graft loss. Mortality is higher on the waiting list and early posttransplant in recipients whose intestinal transplants are associated with liver grafts; however, they have better long‐term patient and graft survival. Nevertheless, 3‐year actuarial patient survival has not changed over the same period of time, and therefore this is our challenge for the next decade. Mt Sinai J Med 79:246–255, 2012. © 2012 Mount Sinai School of Medicine
Current Concepts in Pediatric Liver Transplantation
Authors: Emre Sukru , Umman Veysel , Cimsit Bayindir , Rosencrantz Richard 
Published: April 2012

AbstractLiver transplantation is the definitive treatment for end‐stage liver disease in both children and adults. Advances over the last 2 decades have resulted in excellent patient and graft survival rates in what were previously cases of fatal disorders. These developments have been due to innovations in surgical technique, increased surgical experience, refinements in immunosuppressive regimens, quality improvements in intraoperative anesthetic management, better understanding of the pathophysiology of the liver diseases, and better preoperative and postoperative care. Remarkably, the use of split‐liver and living‐related liver transplantation surgical techniques has helped mitigate the well‐recognized national organ shortage. This review will discuss the major aspects of pediatric liver transplantation as it pertains to indication for transplantation, recipient selection and listing for orthotopic liver transplantation, pre‐orthotopic liver transplantation care of children, optimal timing of orthotopic liver transplantation, surgical technical considerations, postoperative care and complications, and patient and graft survival outcomes. Mt Sinai J Med 79:199–213, 2012. © 2012 Mount Sinai School of Medicine
Intestinal Rehabilitation and Transplantation for Intestinal Failure
Authors: Moon Jang , Iyer Kishore 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe management of intestinal failure has evolved dramatically in the last decade. This evolution has been in equal part due to continued improvements in outcomes of intestinal transplantation and to recognition of the need for multidisciplinary management of the patient with intestinal failure. This has led to establishment of intestinal rehabilitation programs, centered only in some instances at institutions with established intestinal transplant programs. Alongside this, improved management of parenteral nutrition‐associated liver disease is creating a paradigm shift in both intestinal‐failure management and in the evolving indications for intestinal transplantation. Unsolved challenges remain: A persistent mortality on the waiting list, especially for patients awaiting combined liver‐intestine transplant; late graft loss to chronic rejection, especially in isolated intestine transplant; the role of antibody‐mediated rejection; and transplantation in the highly sensitized patient continue to defy satisfactory solution. Notwithstanding these challenges, overall outcomes for patients with intestinal failure are vastly improved today and are approaching those for patients with end‐stage renal and liver disease. This review will focus on a comprehensive approach to the patient with intestinal failure, including an overview of intestinal rehabilitation and transplantation. Transplantation outcomes and transplantation of the patient with liver disease are covered elsewhere. Mt Sinai J Med 79:256–266, 2012. © 2012 Mount Sinai School of Medicine
Male genital abnormalities in intrauterine growth restriction
Authors: Nemec Stefan F. , Nemec Ursula , Brugger Peter C. , Bettelheim Dieter , Weber Michael , Graham John M. , Rimoin David L. , Prayer Daniela 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTObjectivePrevious studies have shown a correlation between hypospadias and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), suggesting an association between placental insufficiency and abnormal genital development. This study sought to analyze the association of IUGR and genital abnormalities apparent on fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).MethodsThis retrospective study included 22 MRI scans of 20 male fetuses between 20 and 35 weeks of gestation presenting with IUGR. On MRI, penile length and testicular descent were evaluated. Student's t‐testing and analysis of covariance were used to compare MRI penile length measurements with published normative data obtained from fetal ultrasonography (US) and MRI. McNemar testing was used to evaluate testicular descent in IUGR, compared with reported fetal MRI normative data.ResultsThe penile length in IUGR fetuses was shorter than in normal fetuses (p < 0.001). Furthermore, six of 20 fetuses presented with a micropenis (2.5 SD below the mean value for age). Undescended testes were significantly more frequent in IUGR fetuses than in normal fetuses (p = 0.004).ConclusionOur data confirm that abnormal fetal growth may be associated with penile shortening and, potentially, also undescended testes. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.