bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Art. XIV.—The Iron Pillar of Dhār.
Authors: Smith V. A. 
Published: March 2011

In the article on “The Iron Pillar of Delhi” I noticed that another iron pillar exists at Dhār in Central India, but observed that no detailed description of that pillar was known to me.I now find that a description of this very remarkable monument has been printed—I can hardly say published—in a report by the indefatigable Dr. Führer.
Errata
Authors: Ivanow W. 
Published: March 2011

In addition to the corrections by Mr. Krenkow (JRAS., April, 1921, pp. 248–9), I offer here some more emendations to my paper on the library in possession of the shrine of Imam Riza at Meshed (JRAS., 1920. pp. 535–63):—p. 538, second line from the bottom of the page. Instead of read (a quite reasonable suggestion of an Indian Moulvie).p. 545, No. 10, probably is the same as Nos. 9, 14, 15 (it was lithographed in Persia).p. 546, Nos. 17 and 23 most probably are the manuscript copies of Tusi's List (edited by A. Sprenger, Calcutta, 1853–5). The Shi'a usually call this book p. 551, No. 69. Most probably not printed, but lithographed. I know only two editions, both Indian lithography; one which appeared a long time ago, without date or place of publication, but judging from its appearance, published in Delhi. It is now very scarce. The other was lithographed at Bombay in 1318.p. 555, No. 86. For read It is simply a misprint.Ibid., No. 101. is probably a mistake for .p. 562, on the sixth line from the top. It is more probably the third, and not the second volume of the Tajārib. The publication alluded to in this passage is the Gibb Memorial Series, where a portion of this book appeared in facsimile.
The So-Called “Ethiopic Book of the Cock” — Part of an Apocryphal Passion Gospel, The Homily and Teaching of our Fathers the Holy Apostles
Authors: Cowley Roger W. 
Published: March 2011

Under the title “Le Livre du Coq («Matzḥafa Dorho»)”, M. Chaîne published a short extract from MS. B.N. d'Abbadie 11, a MS. of the Ethiopian Holy Week Lectionary Gabrä ḥamamat (henceforth GḤ). Some citations of Chaîne's article give the impression that (i) the extract is complete in itself, (ii) it is properly entitled Mäṣḥafä dorho, and (iii) catalogue descriptions of MSS of GḤ can simply be cross-referenced to it; Chaîne's introduction does not encourage these assumptions.Chaîne's extract appears in the printed edition of GḤ2 as part of the first of nine ‘homilies’, each headed dәrsan wätәmhәrt zä'abäwinä ḥawaryat qәddusan zämäharunä …, “homily and teaching of our fathers the holy apostles, which they taught us …”; the first of these “homilies” is additionally headed Mäṣḥafä doroho (sic).
A Note on the Pejavar Copper Plate 1352 Saka, 1430 A.D.
Authors: Vasantamadhava K. G. 
Published: March 2011

Karnataka has rich epigraphical sources. The entire edifice of Karnataka history from the 3rd century B.C. down to the end of Vijayanagara rests on epigraphical records. A volume of information concerning the political conditions, government and administration, political geography, the social structure and the life of the people, the religious faiths, economic conditions and many other topics, can be derived from a critical study of the inscriptions.The inscription under discussion is a copper plate from the village of Pejavar, Mangalore Taluka, South Kanara District, Karnataka State. The copper plate is now in the possession of K. Venkatraya Achar, Suratkal. It belongs to the period of the Vijayanagara emperor Immadi Devarāya (1424–1446 A.D.). The copper plate is in the Kannada language and script. The script seems to belong to a later period. The epigraphic department of the Government of India noticed this inscription in its annual report in the year 1967–68. Sri Venkatraya Achar, the discoverer of the inscription, made a few observations in the year 1957. This paper seeks to provide fresh information on political, religious and land transaction procedures on the basis of the contents of the copper plate.
The Three Palm-Leaf MSS from Java in the Bodleian Library and their Donors
Authors: Noorduyn J. 
Published: March 2011

For more than three and a half centuries the Bodleian Library at Oxford has possessed three palm-leaf MSS originating from Java, probably the earliest of their kind to be included in a Western public collection. They bear the shelfmarks MS.Jav.b.l (R), MS.Jav.b.2 (R), and MS.Jav.b.3 (R), for which I shall use the numbers 1, 2, and 3 here for convenience sake.In the relevant published literature, to be referred to below, there exists some uncertainty, not about the identity of the two persons who donated these MSS, but about the question of which of them gave which one. This is true explicitly for MS. no. 3, and by implication for the others. When first examining this MS, I was informed by the then Keeper of Oriental Books that it “was a 17th century gift, either by Andrew James in 1627, or by the Earl of Pembroke in 1629, more probably the latter”. This dual possibility was subsequently adopted in publications about this MS. Only a recent examination of the pertinent data, both published and unpublished, has shown that they do allow of a definite conclusion being reached, as will be demonstrated below.2
Art. IV—Short Account of the Malay Manuscripts belonging to the Royal Asiatic Society
Authors: van der Tuuk H. N. 
Published: March 2011

No 1 (large folio of 460 pages) contains the About the hero see Malayan Annals, translated by Leyden, chapters xiv. and xvi. A small extract is found in Crawfurd's “History of the Indian Archipelago,” ii. p. 51. Manuscripts of this work, the text of which might be available, are in the possession of Mr. J. Pijnappel, at Leyden; and of Mr. E. Netscher, at Riyow. The last chapters of this tale are found in No. 2607 of the manuscripts of the India Office, commencing with that part where the king of Mălaka intends to make one of his sons king on Mount Siguntang.This composition is very interesting, as it exhibits a faithful picture of Malay life, and is written in genuine Malay.No. 2 (large folio of 288 pages; the last four pages are filled up with doggrel rhymes by some transcriber).
Art. V. On the Sacrifice of Human Beings as an Element of the Ancient Religion of India
Authors: Wilson H. H. 
Published: March 2011

I Propose to offer to the Society some illustrations of the sacrifice of human beings as an element of the ancient religion of India.In the first book of the Ramayana a curious legend is narrated of the son of the Rishi Richíka, named S'unahśephas, who was sold by his father for a hundred thousand cows to Ambarísha, the king of Ayodhyá, to supply the place of a sacrificial animal or victim intended for a sacrifice, but stolen by Indra. S'unahśephas is accordingly conveyed to the place of sacrifice, and being dressed in red garments and decorated with garlands of red flowers, is bound to the stake. By the advice of Viśwámitra he prays to Indra and Agni with two sacred verses (gáthás, according to Schlegel's edition; richas, in Gorresio's) communicated to him by the Rishi, and Indra bestows upon him long life, whilst at the same time the king is not disappointed of his reward. This version of the legend leaves it doubtful whether an actual sacrifice of the victim, or one only typical, is intended.
Anatomical and pathological terms in Akkadian: Part IV
Authors: Adamson P. B. 
Published: March 2011

It is known that the worderimmaturefers to an ornament of beads which is worn round the neck. It sometimes appears in medical prognostic texts, and it is here proposed that such passages refer to a skin lesion, although Labat was unable to identify the actual disease.The ZÁ.NUNUZ.MEŠ (erimmatu) is closely associated in these texts with general symptoms of illness and may well be an integral part of the disease. Although it is never actually referred to as a disease, its close association with descriptive terms used in omen texts concerned with the exta, does suggest an abnormal tissue. The description of the lesion affecting the region of the neck is characteristic of that which occurs in pellagra, and is referred to as the “necklace of Cajal”. A deficiency of the vitamin niacin in the diet causes pellagra. There is increased pigmentation, roughening and thickening of the skin, particularly in the exposed areas around the neck, on the backs of the hands and on the dorsum of the feet.
Syriac fragments in the Wellcome Institute Library
Authors: Allan Nigel 
Published: March 2011

The collections of oriental material in the Library of the Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine have been described in a previous issue of this journal. They include, among the Semitic language material, a few Syriac manuscript fragments which comprise nine leaves from the Ecclesiastical History of Socrates and a XlXth century letter.The Ecclesiastical History of Socrates commences with the accession of Constantine in 306, following the cessation of Diocletian's persecution of Christians, and traces the history of the church through the reigns of the seven following eastern emperors, the seventh and final book covering the years of Theodosius the Younger (408–450) between his accession and his 17th consulate (439).
Art. VIII.—The Early Faith of Aṣoka
Authors: Thomas E. 
Published: March 2011

In most of the modern discussions on the ancient religions of India, the point at issue has been confined to the relative claims to priority of Buddhism and Brahmanism, a limitation which has led to a comparative ignoring of the existence of the.exceptionally archaic creed of the Jainas.This third competitor for the honours of precedence has lately been restored to a very prominent position, in its archæologicalstatus, by the discovery of numerous specimens of the sculptures and inscriptions of its votaries on the sacred site of Mathurá, the Μόδουρα τν Θεν of the Greeks, that admit of no controversy, either as to the normal date or the typical import of the exhumed remains.
Between Market and State: Directions in Social Science Research on Disaster
Authors: Aldrich Daniel P. 
Published: March 2011

Governing after Crisis: The Politics of Investigation, Accountability, and Learning. Edited by Arjen Boin, Allan McConnell, and Paul 'T Hart. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008. 336p. $99.00 cloth, $34.99 paper.Learning from Catastrophes: Strategies for Reaction and Response. Edited by Howard Kunreuther and Micheel Useem. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Wharton School Publishing, 2010. 352p. $37.99 paper.The Next Catastrophe: Reducing Our Vulnerabilities to Natural, Industrial, and Terrorist Disasters. By Charles Perrow. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2007. 388p. $29.95 paper.Developed and developing nations alike face low-probability but high-consequence exogenous shocks, including ice storms, chemical spills, terrorist attacks, and regional blackouts. Recently, “natural” disasters have dominated the airwaves; mega-catastrophes that claim more than 1,000 lives have become an almost yearly occurrence. In 2010, the Haiti and Chile earthquakes killed more than 200,000 people between them and felt all too familiar to many observers in the West. Before them were Cyclone Nargis in Burma, which took 130,000 lives in 2008; Hurricane Katrina, which killed more than 1,500 New Orleans residents and left 80% of the city flooded in 2005; and the Indian Ocean tsunami, which claimed roughly a quarter of a million lives in India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand in 2004.
High-latitude climate variability and its effect on fisheries resources as revealed by fossil cod otoliths
Authors: Geffen Audrey J. , Høie Hans , Folkvord Arild , Hufthammer Anne Karin , Andersson Carin , Ninnemann Ulysses , Pedersen Rolf B. , Nedreaas Kjell 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Geffen, A. J., Høie, H., Folkvord, A., Hufthammer, A. K., Andersson, C., Ninnemann, U., Pedersen, R. B., and Nedreaas, K. 2011. High-latitude climate variability and its effect on fisheries resources as revealed by fossil cod otoliths. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1081–1089. Cod (Gadus morhua) otoliths from archaeological sites in northern Norway were analysed to reconstruct the temperature regime and determine the age structure, growth, and population identity of the fish harvested. Otoliths were selected from late- and post-medieval sites (700–300 years ago) to evaluate historical changes in the geographic region that matches the present-day stocks of Northeast Arctic cod (NEAC) and Norwegian coastal cod (NCC). Seasonal temperature cycles were reconstructed from stable isotope (δ18O) measurements along transects representing fish ages 1.5–3 years old. Reconstructions of the size, age, and growth characteristics of individual fish were based on otolith growth increments. The geographical source and stock identity of the individuals were estimated based on otolith elemental composition and otolith growth features. Both NCC and NEAC fish were represented at Måsøy and Vanna. The results indicate that fishing at Vanna exploited NEAC during their spawning migration, compared with fishing at Måsøy, which was restricted to more coastal fish. Fish growth patterns appeared to be affected by changes in the temperature regimes as estimated from otolith δ18O and back-calculated fish length-at-age, with evident differences between pre- and post-1600 periods.
Literature review: understanding nursing competence in dementia care
Authors: Traynor Victoria , Inoue Kumiyo , Crookes Patrick 
Published: March 2011

Aims and objectives.  The aim of this study was to review dementia nursing competencies. The objectives were to explain the relevancy of dementia competencies across care settings and levels of practice.Background.  Dementia is strongly associated with increasing age and as the world population ages there is an imperative to ensure the healthcare workforce is fully equipped to meet the needs of people with dementia and their carers.Design.  A literature review study addressed the research aim and objectives.Method.  Literature sources were (i) academic databases, (ii) the internet and (iii) snowballing. Search terms were ‘dementia’, ‘care standards’, ‘training and education’ and ‘competency’.Results.  The sample consisted of 59 reviewed publications. A synthesis of the findings generated 10 dementia competencies: (i) Understanding Dementia; (ii) Recognising Dementia; (iii) Effective Communication; (iv) Assisting with Daily Living Activities; (v) Promoting a Positive Environment; (vi) Ethical and Person‐Centred Care; (vii) Therapeutic Work (Interventions); (viii) Responding the needs of Family Carers; (ix) Preventative Work and Health Promotion and (x) Special Needs Groups. There were also five levels of practice: (i) Novice; (ii) Beginner; (iii) Competent; (iv) Proficient and (v) Expert and no care setting specific competencies were generated.Conclusion.  Government initiatives demonstrate commitments to dementia, such as Australia’s adoption of dementia as a National Health Priority and the UK National Dementia Strategy. Registration boards for the nursing workforce in Japan and the UK included dementia competencies in generalist frameworks to emphasise the importance of dementia as a healthcare issue. This study demonstrated that there is no dementia competency framework relevant across care settings or levels of practice.Relevance to clinical practice.  An empirical study will develop a multi‐disciplinary dementia competency framework relevant across care settings and levels of practice to ensure the healthcare workforce can effectively deliver services to people with dementia and their carers.
Quality of life of dogs with skin diseases and their owners. Part 1: development and validation of a questionnaire
Authors: Noli Chiara , Minafò Giovanni , Galzerano Mario 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a questionnaire on the quality of life (QoL) of dogs with skin diseases and their owners. Twenty‐six qualitative interviews with owners of dogs affected with severe skin diseases were performed to identify which aspects of the life of dogs and owners were impaired. To assess the clarity of questions, a preliminary 19‐item questionnaire (answer range, 0 = none to 3 = severe) was developed following current models from human dermatology and administered to a pilot sample of 20 owners. Questions with a low positive answering rate or statistical relevance were eliminated. A final 15‐item questionnaire was distributed to the owners of 41 dogs with atopic dermatitis (AD) and 40 healthy dogs. The severity of the AD was assessed by an owners’ severity scale (0–3), a descriptive Visual Analogue Scale for pruritus and CADESI‐03. The correlation between these results and those of the questionnaire were analysed. Repeatability was evaluated by testing 44 owners of dogs with different skin diseases on two occasions 3 days apart. The QoL scores for dogs with AD and their owners were significantly different from those for healthy control dogs (P = 0.0001). There was a reliable repeatability of scores (α = 0.8). Owner‐perceived severity correlated significantly with QoL scores (P = 0.02). The correlation between QoL and pruritus scores was high (>0.36), while that with CADESI‐03 was lower (<0.26).
Effects of antithrombin III treatment in vascular injury model of mice
Authors: Maeda Akiko , Ohta Kunio , Ohta Kazuhide , Nakayama Yuko , Hashida Yoko , Toma Tomoko , Saito Takekatsu , Maruhashi Keiko , Yachie Akihiro 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBackground:  Balloon angioplasty has recently been adopted as an acceptable form of treatment for stenotic vessel lesions of congenital heart diseases. However, precise mechanisms of restenosis and thrombosis, which are the most common complications after these procedures, are unknown.Methods:  We examined the effects of antithrombin III (ATIII) on inflammation, thrombus formation, and remodeling of vascular wall after guidewire‐induced injury in the femoral artery of mice. ATIII or saline was administered as a bolus intravenous infusion before injury.Results:  Seventy‐two hours after injury, approximately half of the saline‐treated vessels showed macroscopic thrombus formation. In contrast, no thrombi were seen in the arteries pretreated with ATIII. Significantly higher levels of inflammation were induced in the injured vessels than in the sham‐operated controls, as determined by CD11b‐positive cell density in the adventitial area. ATIII treatment resulted in marked reduction of inflammatory cell infiltration. Twenty‐eight days after injury, similar levels of neointimal proliferation were found in the injured arteries in both groups.Conclusions:  Our results suggested that a high dose of ATIII may influence the sequelae of arterial injury by reducing mural thrombus formation and limiting the inflammatory reaction of the vessel wall without altering the process of vascular remodeling.
Increased plasma type B natriuretic peptide in the acute phase of Kawasaki disease
Authors: Kishimoto Shintaro , Suda Kenji , Teramachi Yozo , Nishino Hiroshi , Kudo Yoshiyuki , Ishii Haruka , Iemura Motofumi , Takahashi Tomoyuki , Okamura Hisayoshi , Matsuishi Toyojiro 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBackground:  The aim of this study was to identify possible factors associated with type‐B natriuretic peptide (BNP) production in the acute phase of Kawasaki disease (KD).Methods:  Subjects were 54 patients with KD (KD group [KDG]) and 18 age‐matched controls (control group [CG]). We evaluated left ventricular function using multi‐modal echocardiography and determined blood chemistry including BNP, white blood cell count, C‐reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin (IL)‐6 in the KDG. We compared echocardiographic parameters between the KDG and the CG and determined the correlation between log (BNP) and echocardiographic parameters, white blood cell count, CRP, and IL‐6 in the KDG.Results:  The KDG showed high BNP (169.6 ± 529.6 pg/ml) despite preserved left ventricular function indicated by no significant difference in left ventricular ejection fraction (72.2 ± 9.2 vs 71.2 ± 7.8 %), z‐score of left ventricular diastolic dimension (0.8 ± 1.3 vs 0.9 ± 0.8 SD), and Tei index (0.29 ± 0.09 vs 0.30 ± 0.06) between the KDG and the CG. However, left ventricular ejection fraction (r =−0.44, P= .001) and left ventricular end‐diastolic dimension (r = 0.30, P < .05) significantly correlated with log (BNP). On the other hand, the KDG showed high CRP (89.7 ± 55.6 mg/l) and high IL‐6 (242.2 ± 243.5 pg/ml), and CRP (r = 0.60, P < 0.0001) and IL‐6 (r = 0.78, P < 0.0001) significantly correlated with log (BNP). Multiple stepwise regression analysis identified IL‐6 (r = 0.77, P < 0.0001) most significantly correlated with log (BNP).Conclusions:  In acute KD, BNP significantly increases, despite well‐preserved global left ventricular function, and inflammation might be associated with this increased BNP.
Do rates of arthritis and chorea predict the incidence of acute rheumatic fever?
Authors: Tunks Robert D. , Rojas Mario A. , Edwards Kathryn M. , Liske Michael R. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBackground:  Acute rheumatic fever (ARF), a major cause of acquired heart disease worldwide, remains a significant public health problem. However, the precise incidence of ARF in Africa, where a large number of cases occur, remains unknown. We hypothesize that focused attention on non‐cardiac features of ARF, namely joint manifestations and chorea, might enhance its detection in settings with limited resources.Methods:  This hypothesis was tested by reviewing the medical records at Vanderbilt Children's Hospital from 1998 to 2008. In addition, an extensive literature review of published studies was performed to assess rates of joint findings or chorea in confirmed cases of ARF.Results:  Fifty‐nine new cases of ARF were diagnosed in children at Vanderbilt from 1998 to 2008. Of these cases, 91% presented with joint manifestations or chorea, and 80% satisfied major Jones criteria findings of polyarthritis or chorea. These findings are consistent with literature published from our region and internationally.Conclusions:  Most patients presenting with ARF have either joint symptoms or chorea, features that could be recognized by community health workers and individuals with limited medical training. The referral of patients presenting with these manifestations for further evaluation might improve detection rates of ARF in resource‐limited countries and lead to improved estimates of disease burden.