bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PW01-29 - Mood Stabilizers and Atypical Antipsychotics in Long-term Treatment of Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Paoli R. , Buoli M. , Primavera D. , Benedetti M. , Rovera C. , Altamura A.C. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesBipolar Disorder treatment includes not only the remission of Major Depressive or Manic/Hypomanic Episodes, but also the prevention of recurrences. Purpose of this trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of Mood Stabilizers and Atypical Antipsychotics in preventing recurrences.Methods67 patients with a diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder type 1 and 2 were followed retrospectively for a period of 48 months. Clinical and demographic information were collected by clinical charts and interviews with patients. A survival analysis was performed considering death events change of treatment, a Major Depressive or Hypomanic/Manic Episode or a hospitalization.ResultsPatients treated with Lithium survived longer than patients treated with Valproate (Log Rank: χ2=3.86, p=0.05) which resulted to be superior in terms of recurrence prevention compared to Atypical Antipsychotics in monotherapy (Olanzapine, Quetiapine or Risperidone) (Log Rank: χ2=4.54, p=0.03). Lithium association with an Atypical Antipsychotic resulted more efficacious in terms of recurrence prevention compared to Lithium (Log Rank: χ2=7.01, p=0.008) or Atypical Antipsychotics in monotherapy (Log Rank: χ2=8.61, p=0.003).ConclusionsThese preliminary data would indicate that Lithium association with an Atypical Antipsychotic would be more effective in preventing Major Depressive or Hypomanic/Manic recurrences in bipolar patients.
PW01-32 - A Prospective Study of Depression, Anxiety and Mood Disorders In Acne Patients Treated With Oral Isotretinoin
Authors: Katrivanou A. , Skokou M. , Pasmatzi E. , Monastirli A. , Beratis S. , Gourzis P. , Tsambaos D. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionOral isotretinoin is presently regarded as the drug of choice for the treatment of severe and recalcitrant acne.ObjectivesAlthough its use has been associated with various psychiatric side effects, the casual relationship between these manifestations and oral isotretinoin still remains in dispute.AimsThe purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of psychopathological reactions in patients with severe acne orally treated with isotretinoin.MethodsSeventy-two (72) patients with severe acne and thirty-six (36) healthy volunteers acne enrolled in the study from January 2003 and August 2009. Acne patients were allocated either to oral isotretinoin (1mg/kg/day) (N=36) or to topical treatment (N=36). All patients and controls were separately interviewed by two psychiatrists before and 1, 3 and 6 months after onset of treatment. Their psychological status was evaluated using SCID-I, SCID-II (DSM-IV) and Hamilton Scale for Depression and Anxiety.ResultsA statistical significant increase in the incidence of depression, mood and/or anxiety disorders was observed in the group of isotretinoin-treated acne patients as compared to the group of those topically treated and to healthy controls. No association between development of symptoms of mental disorder and duration of treatment with isotretinoin was detected.ConclusionsIn view of the above findings it seems reasonable to suggest that oral isotretinoin may be capable of causing anxiety and/or depressive or other mood disorders in patients with severe acne. Close psychiatric monitoring should be included in the investigations that are routinely performed throughout oral isotretinoin treatment of these patients.
PW01-34 - Depression and Its Correlation With Self-esteem and Social Support Among Iranian University Students
Authors: Talaei A. , Rezaei Ardani A. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveConsidering the effects of the level of social support and self-esteem as risk factors in the onset and continuation of depression, the purpose of the current study (in addition to studying the demographic items of depression) was to investigate the correlation between depression and level of social support and self-esteem in Iranian university students studying non medical majors.MethodThe study was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytic research carried out on the students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2006. Self administered questionnaires on socio-demographic information (age, gender, marital status, and educational level), Eysenk self-esteem scale, Beck Depression Inventory and Cassidy social support scale were randomly given out to students who were selected by multi stage randomized sampling. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 14 using the χ2-test.Results1200 students responded to the anonymous questionnaires. A total of 57.2% of the participants had depression (36.3% mild, 14.4% moderate and 6.5% severe). Depression was significantly higher in males, singles and in 25-29-year-old students. Results showed that 9.4%, 18.3% and 72.3% of the participants reported low, moderate and high levels of social support respectively. 1.8% and 6.3% of the participants reported low and moderate levels of self-esteem respectively; while 91.9% reported high levels of self-esteem.ConclusionDepression has a higher rate in non-medical university students of Iran than general population. Levels of social support and self-esteem were negatively associated with frequency of depression.
PW01-45 - Biomarker Discovery For Psychiatric Disorders By Stable Isotope Metabolic Labeling and Quantitative Proteomics
Authors: Filiou M.D. , Zhang Y. , Teplytska L. , Frank E. , Kessler M. , Reckow S. , Maccarrone G. , Hambsch B. , Landgraf R. , Turck C.W. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesBiomarkers for psychiatric disorders are critical for patient stratification, premorbid diagnosis and personalized treatment. Our aim is to identify protein biomarkers for anxiety disorders by comparing the synaptic proteomes of a well-established mouse model of high (HAB), normal (NAB) and low (LAB) anxiety-related behavior.MethodsWe have compared protein expression levels using 15N metabolic labeling and quantitative proteomics. Mice were metabolically labeled through feeding with a 15N-enriched diet. Synaptosomes from unlabeled HAB and LAB mice were then compared with synaptosomes from 15N labeled NAB mice by quantitative mass spectrometry. Protein expression differences were validated with Western blots, enzymatic assays and in silico pathway analysis.ResultsWe have identified numerous protein expression differences between HAB and LAB synaptosome proteomes. We observed alterations in energy metabolism pathways such as the Krebs cycle as well as in mitochondrial function. Furthermore, we detected changes in transport and phosphorylation processes.ConclusionsWe present an accurate proteomics platform for biomarker discovery in psychiatric disorders. We identified candidate biomarkers and pathways involved in anxiety pathophysiology. Our data provide the basis for the establishment of a biomarker panel that will shed light on anxiety pathophysiology and can be applied for optimal therapeutic intervention.
PW01-46 - Do Selective Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors Modulate Experimental Panic Elicited By Cholecystokinin-tetrapeptide In Healthy Man?
Authors: Kellner M. , Muhtz C. , Demiralay C. , Husemann J. , Koelsch W. , Yassouridis A. , Wiedemann K. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionSelective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRI), such as escitalopram, are currently the pharmacological treatment of choice for patients suffering from panic disorder.ObjectiveSerotonergic modulation of experimental panic in healthy human volunteers by such medication, however, has not been investigated as yet.AimWe intended to study the effects of chronic treatment with the SSRI escitalopram on the panic response to a cholecystokinin-tetrapeptide (CCK-4) challenge.MethodsIn a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, within subject cross-over design thirty healthy young men, 15 each with the long/long or short/short genotype for the serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR), were pre-treated with 10 mg/d of escitalopram for 6 weeks and then challenged with 50 μg of the panicogen CCK-4. Primary outcome measure was the increase of Acute Panic Inventory ratings by CCK-4.ResultsA significant treatment by genotype effect on the increases of Acute Panic Inventory ratings emerged. CCK-4 panic was significantly more pronounced in the short/short genotype subjects under escitalopram versus placebo pre-treatment. Contrary to our expectation, no inhibitory effect of escitalopram upon panic symptoms elicited by CCK-4 could be demonstrated in healthy men.ConclusionsOur findings do not support the usefulness of this panic model for proof-of-concept studies in volunteer translational research, at least concerning serotonergic agents.(Supported by a grant from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Ke 595/7-1)
PW01-51 - The Effect Of Broadening Generalized Anxiety Disorders Definition On Healthcare Resources Utilization And Costs: A Corollary From The Adan Study
Authors: Carrasco J.L. , Álvarez E. , Olivares J.M. , Perez M. , López-Gómez V. , de Salas M. , Rejas J. 
Published: June 2010

PurposeTo analyse the consequences of broadening DSM-IV criteria for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) on the utilization of health care resources and corresponding costs.MethodsMulticentre, prospective and observational study conducted in outpatient psychiatric clinics selected at random and weighted by geographical density of population. Patients with GAD according to DSM-IV criteria and subjects with anxiety symptoms fulfilling broader criteria were compared. Broadening criteria was considered 1-month of excessive or non-excessive worry and only 2 associated symptoms listed on DSM-IV for GAD. Socio-demographic data, medical history and health care resources and corresponding costs were recorded during a 6-month period.ResultsA total of 3,549 patients were systematically recruited; 12.8% excluded because not fulfilling inclusion criteria, 1,815 patients in DSM-IV criteria group (DG) and 1,264 in broad criteria group (BG). Both groups were similar on their sociodemographic characteristics at baseline. Type of treatments prescribed at psychiatric clinics during the study were similar in frequency; anti-depressives (77.0% in DG vs. 75.3% in BG, ns), benzodiazepines (71.5% vs. 67.2% respectively, ns), and anti-convulsants (72.1% vs. 67.0% respectively, ns). Health care resources utilization were statistically reduced to a similar extent in both groups as a consequences of treatments yielding to a cost-of-illness in the 6-month period of 1,196 (1,158) and 1,112 (874), respectively; p=0.304.ConclusionIn a large sample of subjects, broadening of GAD criteria could lead to earlier diagnosis that would not be associated necessarily to an increase in health care resources utilization or costs to the National Health System.
PW01-62 - Being Child Of Prisoners Of War: The Case Of Mental Health Status
Authors: Najafi M. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveCaptivity has political, mental and social effects on captives. According to stress severity, captivity duration, religious idea, resistance and affective susceptibility, captivity causes significant mental and neurological effects. Present study was aimed to evaluate mental situation of captives’ children in Isfahan Province.Material & methodsThis was a cross-sectional analytic observational study. Strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SQD) was used for mental evaluation of captives’ children. We selected 384 objectives by random sampling.FindingsThere was a significant difference between emotional signs, disruptive and communicational problems and social behaviors related with the age of children. A significant difference was also seen between emotional signs and educational level of children.ConclusionCaptivity of the father in long term has unsuitable physical and mental effects on children. Rate of these effects depends on mother's reaction to loss of spouse as well as age, and the social support provided for children.
PW01-65 - Family Risck Factors And Behavioral Disturbances In Children Of Parents With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Selimbasic Z. 
Published: June 2010

AimAnalizing connection between risk factors in family and behavioral disturbances in children whose parents have had symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).Participants and methodsWe analyzed a group of 100 children of school age (10 -15 years) in two randomly choused schools. Those children are from complete families and their parents agreed to participate in psychometric testing. We divided those children in two groups: Experimental group (N=50)- those parents show symptoms of PTSD, and Control group (N=50) those whose parents do not show symptoms of PTSD. The assessment to PTSD symptoms and level of dramatization in parents was done with Harvard Trauma Questionnaire- Bosnia and Herzegovina version), and behavior disturbances by using Child Behavior Check List (CBCL for parents, Achenbach 1991). According to gender and participation of parents the sample was homogeneous. Data were processed with descriptive statistics.ResultsChildren of parents with PTSD symptoms show higher correlation of family size, number of children in family, (p< 0.05), the level of parents education, social and economic state of family and symptoms of behavior disturbances (p< 0.01). Regarding expression of Internalization as behavior characteristic is in higher correlation with family size (p< 0.01) and Externalization is in higher correlation with family size, socio- economic state of family and education of parents (p< 0.05).ConclusionChildren whose parents have symptoms of PTSD show significantly higher correlation of risk factors in family and behavior problems. The highest correlation is associated with family size, number of children in family, education of parents and economic circumstances.
PW01-66 - Does Atomoxetine Improve Executive Function And Inhibitory Control As Measured By An Objective Computer-Based Test? A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: Wehmeier P.M. , Schacht A. , Minarzyk A. , Schneider-Fresenius C. , Lehmann M. , Lehmkuhl G. , Dittmann R.W. , Banaschweski T. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesPrimary objective was to evaluate the influence of atomoxetine on standard variables of a computer-based Continuous Performance Test (cb-CPT) that reflects executive function and inhibitory control in children with ADHD.MethodsTwo-arm, 8-week, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind study in ADHD patients (6-12yrs). Atomoxetine was initiated at 0.5 mg/kg qd for 1 week, followed by 7 weeks on the target dose of 1.2 mg/kg qd. Primary outcome were the q-scores of the cb-CPT standard variables after 8 weeks using mixed models for repeated measurement. Additionally, ADHD-RS scores, WREMB (Weekly Ratings of Evening and Morning Behavior) and CGI-S-ADHD were assessed (weeks 0,1,2,4,6,8).ResultsN=128 patients were randomized, N=125 evaluated (atomoxetine/placebo: 63/62). Baseline characteristics were comparable (77.6% boys; 40.0% patients with ODD/CD; 24.8% prior stimulant treatment; mean (±SD) age 9.0±1.79yrs; mean ADHD-RS total score 36.99±11.56). At Week 8, all primary outcomes (cb-CPT q-scores) were significantly reduced vs. placebo (all p< 0.001) for mean (effect size [ES] 0.41), variance (ES=0.71), and normalized variance (ES=0.50) of “Reaction time”, “Number of microevents” (ES=1.00), “Commission errors” (ES=0.50), “Omission errors” (ES=0.70), “Distance of movement” (ES=0.90) and “Area of movement” (ES=1.08), “Time active” (ES=0.69), and “Motion simplicity” (ES=0.38). Secondary endpoints at Week 8 improved significantly in favor of atomoxetine: ADHD-RS: total score ES=1.30, p< 0.001; hyperactive/impulsive subscore ES=1.37, p< 0.001; inattentive subscore ES=1.07, p< 0.001). WREMB: total score ES=1.00, p< 0.001; morning subscore ES=0.59, p=0.002.; evening subscore ES=1.02, p< 0.001. CGI-S-ADHD: ES=1.11; p< 0.001.ConclusionsAtomoxetine for 8 weeks significantly reduced ADHD symptoms as measured by the objective cb-CPT.
PW01-77 - Cognitive Status in 75 Years and Older Subjects. A Population-based Study
Authors: Forlani C. , Morri M. , Ferrari B. , Dalmonte E. , De Ronchi D. , Atti A.R. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesTo evaluate the cognitive status in an elderly population including both community-dwellers and institutionalised subjects.Methods462 subjects (mean age 85.1±6.9 years, 53.2% females) living in the Faenza district (Ravenna, Northern Italy) were interviewed and clinically evaluated. The Cambridge Mental Disorders of the Elderly Examination (CAMDEX) was administered to all participants to collect socio-demographic and clinical information. The cognitive status was evaluated using the cognitive assessment included in the CAMDEX (CAMCOG) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) (adjusted by sex and age). Cut-offs were as follow: CAMCOG scores < 80; MMSE scores < 24.ResultsThe CAMCOG identified 245 subjects (53.0%) as cognitively impaired; 132 persons (28.6%) had a MMSE score < 24 and were impaired in the activities of daily living. Prevalence of dementia (DSM-IV criteria) was 19.1% (N=88), including 11 cases of ‘questionable’ dementia. Demented subjects were more likely to be women (65.9%), were less educated (p< 0.05) and older than non-demented (p< 0.001). Demented subjects scored significantly lower than non-demented subjects in any cognitive domain at CAMCOG (p< 0.001).Cognitive domains: mean score and standard deviation (p< 0.001).Non-demented vs DementedAll subjects: 78.4(±15.9) vs 28.7(±21.7)Males: 81.1(±13.0) vs 35.0(±19.9)≤85: 83.3(±12.3) vs 38.0(±20.5)>85: 75.7(±13.2) vs 34.0(±20.2)Females all: 75.7(±18.0) vs 24.3(±21.9)≤85: 82.5(±12.4) vs 58.5(±10.8)>85: 67.0(±20.2) vs 18.4(±17.5)Among demented subjects, only 4.5% were treated with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (p=0.046); 10.2% used other anti-dementia medications (p=0.067).ConclusionsDespite of the high prevalence of dementia, only few subjects affected by dementia were properly treated.
PW01-92 - Essential Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids And Behavioral And Cognitive Symptoms In Alzheimer'S Disease
Authors: Uehara T. , Matsuoka T. , Sumiyoshi T. , Itoh H. , Muranaka Y. , Matsui M. , Suzuki M. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesDietary intake of ω-3 fatty acids has been associated with a decreased lower risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Abnormal phospholipids metabolism in the brain has been shown to play a role in the pathophysiology of major psychiatric diseases, such as schizophrenia, mood disorder. This study was conducted to determine whether essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (EPUFAs) levels in the erythrocyte membrane are correlate with severity of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), as well as cognitive function, in subjects with AD.MethodsThe protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the University of Toyama School of Medicine.Thirty out-patients (male/female = 6/24) with AD (n = 23) or amnesic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI, n = 7) participated in the study. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) were administered to assess cognitive function and severity of BPSD respectively. Caregiver burden was assessed by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Caregiver Distress Scale (NPI-D). Fatty acids levels were analyzed using a gas chromatography system.ResultsConcentrations of EPUFAs and ω-3 fatty acids were positively correlated with MMSE score. Also, EPUFAs levels were negatively correlated with the NPI Global and caregiver scores. Specifically, EPUFAs levels predicted dysphoria, euphoria and apathy scores of NPI.ConclusionsThese results suggest that abnormal phospholipids metabolism provided a biological basis for BPSD and cognitive impairments of AD.
PW01-94 - Psychopathological Syndromes According To The Amdp-System As A Foundation For Clinical Case Grouping In Psychiatry?
Authors: Herwig U. , Warnke I. , Rössler W. , Brühl A. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveIn the face of increasing health care costs, appropriate financing systems are not only required for somatic medicine but also for psychiatry. However, diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) did not lead to sufficient prediction of resource use for psychiatric inpatient care. Clinical case groupings besides groupings by diagnosis were rarely assessed so far.MethodWe investigated whether the classical psychopathological syndromes according to the AMDP-System (Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Methodik und Dokumentation in der Psychiatrie) at admission would explain the variation of length of stay in psychiatric hospital. Using linear regressions with forward elimination, we analyzed the predictive value of the AMDP syndromes (n=998), and also of global assessment of function, illness severity and certain sociodemographic factors for the dependent variable length of stay (n=613).ResultsConsidering solely the AMDP-Syndromes within the linear regression resulted in a variance estimation of 6% with an influence of the paranoid-hallucinatoric and the psychoorganic syndrome on length of stay. Together with clinical and sociodemographic factors, we found a variance estimation of 20%, then with an influence of age, global assessment of function, severity of illness, voluntariness of admission and habiting situation, but no more the syndromes.ConclusionsOur pilot study does not imply AMDP syndromes to be suitable for a case grouping to estimate length of stay. Other analytical approaches using AMDP might nevertheless lead to a better prediction, however, its use, however, shall be regarded critically.
PW01-95 - Is It Possible To Distinguish Hallucination Like Experiences Between Clinical And General Population?
Authors: Langer A. , Cangas A. , Berrio-Lopez V. , Ibañez-Rojo V. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesThe goal of this work was to find out if the clinical professional could distinguish hallucination like experiences between clinical and general population through the analyze of their responses.MethodThe Revised Hallucination Scale (RHS) was administered to three groups included hallucinating schizophrenic patients, non-psychotic clinical disordered patients and a group of individuals with no psychiatric diagnoses. Also the frequency they were asked to give an example of a situation in which it had happened and to what they attributed it. Two clinical professionals analyzed the answers of all participants (blind related to the original group) and classified them in the three following groups: general, clinical non-psychotic and psychotic population.ResultsAs the results show the experience of the non-clinical group was easily distinguished by the clinical professionals since those persons did not present neither disturbs nor disability. Concerning the non-psychotic clinical group was identified a major variability in the classification, fluctuating between typical characteristics of the clinical group (e.g. anxiety) and the general population. The classification of the hallucination patients indicated a strong relation with their original group.ConclusionsIt is suggested that from a clinical point of view it is possible to distinguish clearly between the experiences of people hearing voices and general population. Concerning the clinical population it is more difficult to differentiate this kind of experience between psychotic and non-psychotic populations. The relevance of the results is discussed.