bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vivo venous blood T1 measurement using inversion recovery true‐FISP in children and adults
Authors: Wu Wen‐Chau , Jain Varsha , Li Cheng , Giannetta Mariel , Hurt Hallam , Wehrli Felix W. , Wang Danny J. J. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA time‐efficient method is described for in vivo venous blood T1 measurement using multiphase inversion‐recovery‐prepared balanced steady‐state free precession imaging. Computer simulations and validation experiments using a flow phantom were carried out to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed method for measuring blood T1 by taking advantage of the continuous inflow of fresh blood with longitudinal magnetization undisturbed by previous radiofrequency pulses. In vivo measurement of venous blood T1 in the sagittal sinus was carried out in 26 healthy children and adults aged 7–39 years. The measured venous blood T1 values decreased with age as a whole (P = 0.006) and were higher in females than males (P = 0.013), matching the expected developmental changes and gender differences in human hematocrit level. The estimated mean blood T1 values were highly correlated with normal hematocrit levels across age and gender groups (Spearman's r = 0.93, P = 0.008). The longitudinal repeatability of this technique was 4.0% as measured by the within‐subject coefficient of variation. The proposed multiphase inversion recovery‐prepared balanced steady‐state free precession imaging method is a feasible technique for fast (<1 min) and reliable in vivo venous blood T1 measurement and may serve as an index of hematocrit level in individual subjects. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transverse relaxometry with stimulated echo compensation
Authors: Lebel R. Marc , Wilman Alan H. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractPresented is a fitting model for transverse relaxometry data acquired with the multiple‐refocused spin‐echo sequence. The proposed model, requiring no additional data input or pulse sequence modifications, compensates for imperfections in the transmit field and radiofrequency (RF) profiles. Exploiting oscillatory echo behavior to estimate alternate coherence pathways, the model compensates for prolonged signal decay from stimulated echo pathways yielding precise monoexponential T2 quantification. Verified numerically and experimentally at 4.7 T in phantoms and the human brain, over 95% accuracy is readily attainable in realistic imaging situations without sacrificing multislice capabilities or requiring composite or adiabatic RF pulses. The proposed model allows T2 quantitation in heterogeneous transmit fields and permits thin refocusing widths for efficient multislice imaging. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Free‐breathing myocardial perfusion MRI using SW‐CG‐HYPR and motion correction
Authors: Ge Lan , Kino Aya , Griswold Mark , Carr James C. , Li Debiao 
Published: June 2010

AbstractFirst‐pass perfusion MRI is a promising technique to detect ischemic heart disease. Sliding window (SW) conjugate‐gradient (CG) highly constrained back‐projection reconstruction (HYPR) (SW‐CG‐HYPR) has been proposed to increase spatial coverage, spatial resolution, and SNR. However, this method is sensitive to respiratory motion and thus requires breath‐hold. This work presents a non‐model‐based motion correction method combined with SW‐CG‐HYPR to perform free‐breathing myocardial MR imaging. Simulation studies were first performed to show the effectiveness of the proposed motion correction method and its independence from the pattern of the respiratory motion. After that, in vivo studies were performed in six healthy volunteers. From all of the volunteer studies, the image quality score of free breathing perfusion images with motion correction (3.11 ± 0.34) is improved compared with that of images without motion correction (2.27 ± 0.32), and is comparable with that of successful breath‐hold images (3.12 ± 0.38). This result was further validated by a quantitative sharpness analysis. The left ventricle and myocardium signal changes in motion corrected free‐breathing perfusion images were closely correlated to those observed in breath‐hold images. The correlation coefficient is 0.9764 for myocardial signals. Bland–Altman analysis confirmed the agreement between the free‐breathing SW‐CG‐HYPR method with motion correction and the breath‐hold SW‐CG‐HYPR. This technique may allow myocardial perfusion MRI during free breathing. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Positive contrast imaging of iron oxide nanoparticles with susceptibility‐weighted imaging
Authors: Eibofner Frank , Steidle Günter , Kehlbach Rainer , Bantleon Rüdiger , Schick Fritz 
Published: June 2010

AbstractSuperparamagnetic iron oxide particles can be utilized to label cells for immune cell and stem cell therapy. The labeled cells cause significant field distortions induced in their vicinity, which can be detected with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In conventional imaging, the signal voids arising from the field distortions lead to negative contrast, which is not desirable, as detection of the cells can be masked by native low signal tissue. In this work, a new method for visualizing magnetically labeled cells with positive contrast is proposed and described. The technique presented is based on the susceptibility‐weighted imaging (SWI) post‐processing algorithm. Phase images from gradient‐echo sequences are evaluated pixel by pixel, and a mask is created with values ranging from 0 to 1, depending on the phase value of the pixel. The magnitude image is then multiplied by the mask. With an appropriate mask function, positive contrast in the vicinity of the labeled cells is created. The feasibility of this technique is proved using an agar phantom containing superparamagnetic iron oxide particles–labeled cells and an ex vivo bovine liver. The results show high potential for detecting even small labeled cell concentrations in structurally inhomogeneous tissue types. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A rapid and robust numerical algorithm for sensitivity encoding with sparsity constraints: Self‐feeding sparse SENSE
Authors: Huang Feng , Chen Yunmei , Yin Wotao , Lin Wei , Ye Xiaojing , Guo Weihong , Reykowski Arne 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe method of enforcing sparsity during magnetic resonance imaging reconstruction has been successfully applied to partially parallel imaging (PPI) techniques to reduce noise and artifact levels and hence to achieve even higher acceleration factors. However, there are two major problems in the existing sparsity‐constrained PPI techniques: speed and robustness. By introducing an auxiliary variable and decomposing the original minimization problem into two subproblems that are much easier to solve, a fast and robust numerical algorithm for sparsity‐constrained PPI technique is developed in this work. The specific implementation for a conventional Cartesian trajectory data set is named self‐feeding Sparse Sensitivity Encoding (SENSE). The computational cost for the proposed method is two conventional SENSE reconstructions plus one spatially adaptive image denoising procedure. With reconstruction time approximately doubled, images with a much lower root mean square error (RMSE) can be achieved at high acceleration factors. Using a standard eight‐channel head coil, a net acceleration factor of 5 along one dimension can be achieved with low RMSE. Furthermore, the algorithm is insensitive to the choice of parameters. This work improves the clinical applicability of SENSE at high acceleration factors. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Botulinum neurotoxin‐A does not spread to distant muscles after intragastric injection: A double‐blind single‐fiber electromyography study
Authors: Osio Maurizio , Mailland Enrico , Muscia Francesco , Nascimbene Caterina , Vanotti Alessandra , Bana Cristina , Corsi Fabio , Foschi Diego , Mariani Claudio 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to perform a careful neurophysiological examination to identify subclinical signs of botulinum toxin spread distant to the injection site following intragastric injection for obesity treatment. Single‐fiber electromyography of extensor digitorum communis and repetitive stimulation of abductor digiti minimi were performed before and 8 days after multiple intragastric injections of botulinum toxin A (Botox, 200 U per patient) or placebo. The study was performed in a randomized double‐blind fashion. No patient in either group displayed results indicative of neuromuscular dysfunction either before or after the treatment. No significant change in muscle jitter was observed when comparing baseline with the after‐treatment evaluation in either group, and no significant differences between groups were observed. After intragastric botulinum toxin injection no subclinical sign of distant spread was observed. Muscle Nerve, 2010
Chronic pain has a small influence and mood has no influence on vibrotactile perception thresholds among working women
Authors: Sandén Helena , Wallin B. Gunnar , Hagberg Mats 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn chronic diffuse upper limb pain physical abnormalities are usually absent. The aims of our study were to investigate: (1) the function of somatosensory pathways and (2) the influence of mood on vibration perception. Measurements were made of: (i) vibrotactile perception thresholds (VPTs) and nerve conduction in working women with (n = 35) and without (n = 65) chronic diffuse upper limb pain, and (ii) perceived stress and energy using a two‐dimensional mood adjective checklist. The groups did not differ in any nerve conduction measurements. Women with chronic pain had raised VPTs in the radial and ulnar nerve areas, but not in the median nerve area. Neither perceived stress nor energy appeared to influence the VPT. Increases of VPTs in chronic diffuse upper limb pain may be due to peripheral nerve affliction, but our findings support the idea that they may also be secondary to pain and may be related to a central nervous mechanism. Muscle Nerve, 2010
Proteomic profiling of cancer—opportunities, challenges, and context
Authors: Arnott David , Emmert‐Buck Michael R 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe article by Roesch‐Ely and colleagues in a recent issue of The Journal of Pathology describes the use of proteomic techniques to examine mucosal biopsies in patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) and in corresponding control samples. The authors were able to determine the anatomical site of origin of the biopsies based on modelling of multiplex protein datasets, and to use the information to analyse field cancerization as a means of predicting tumour recurrence. Although the study included only a relatively small number of cases, and will require future validation in a larger patient cohort, the results point to the potential of proteomics to increase our understanding of cancer biology, and in this instance to offer clinical value. Copyright © 2010 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Resveratrol restores lysophosphatidylcholine‐induced loss of endothelium‐dependent relaxation in rat aorta tissue coinciding with inhibition of extracellular‐signal‐regulated protein kinase activation
Authors: Min Zhang , Kang Liu , Lin Li , Jinghua Fan , Junna Song , Baolin Liu 
Published: June 2010

AbstractTo investigate whether resveratrol could restore the lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)‐induced loss of endothelium‐dependent relaxation in in vitro cultured rat aorta tissue, first the effect of resveratrol on the loss of EDR was examined in this preparation. The results showed that resveratrol effectively attenuated the inhibition of LPC (10 μm) on both endothelium‐derived relaxing factor (EDRF) and endothelium‐derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) in a concentration‐dependent manner (1, 10, 100 μm). In addition, resveratrol inhibited elevated K+‐induced vascular contracture, but had no significant effects on ACh (1 μm)‐induced endothelium‐dependent relaxation (EDR). A similar tendency was also observed with PD 98059 (30 μm), a selective inhibitor of ERK. When the cells were exposed to LPC (20 μm) the mRNA expression of eNOS and COX‐1 mRNA were down‐regulated, followed by a local induction of iNOS and COX‐2. Resveratrol and PD 98059 successfully reversed the effects of LPC on relative mRNA expressions. Both resveratrol and PD 98059 inhibited the activation of ERK induced by LPC. These findings demonstrate that resveratrol can restore the LPC‐induced loss of EDR in rat aorta and protect the endothelium against LPC‐induced injuries via the inhibition of the inflammation‐like response. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Eriobotrya japonica improves hyperlipidemia and reverses insulin resistance in high‐fat‐fed mice
Authors: Shih Chun‐Ching , Lin Cheng‐Hsiu , Wu Jin‐Bin 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe effect of Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. (loquat) on insulin resistance was examined in mice fed a high‐fat (HF) diet. First, the mice were divided randomly into two groups: the control (CON) group was fed a low‐fat diet, whereas the experimental group was fed with a 45% HF diet for 10 weeks. After 6 weeks of induction, the HF group was subdivided into five groups and was given orally loquat or not for 4 weeks afterward. It was demonstrated that loquat was effective in ameliorating the HF diet‐induced hyperglycemia, hyperleptinemia, hyperinsulinemia and hypertriglyceridemia, as well as in decreasing the levels of free fatty acid (FFA), but increasing the adipose PPARγ (peroxisomal proliferator‐activated receptor γ) and hepatic PPARα mRNA levels. Loquat significantly decreased the body weight gain, weights of white adipose tissue and visceral fat accompanying the suppressed leptin mRNA levels. Loquat not only suppressed the hepatic mRNA levels of enzymes involved in fatty acid and triacylglycerol synthesis and lowered the sterol regulatory element binding protein‐1c (SREBP‐1c) mRNA level, but also affected fatty acid oxidation enzyme levels. These regulations may contribute to triacylglycerol accumulation in white adipose tissue. The findings provide a nutritional basis for the use of loquat as a functional food factor that may have benefits for the prevention of hyperlipidemia and diabetes. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Berberine inhibits SREBP‐1‐related clozapine and risperidone induced adipogenesis in 3T3‐L1 cells
Authors: Hu Yueshan , Kutscher Eric , Davies Gareth E. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractWeight gain is a common and potentially serious complication associated with the treatment of second generation antipsychotics such as clozapine and risperidone. Increased peripheral adipogenesis via the SREBP‐1 pathway could be one critical mechanism responsible for antipsychotic drug‐induced weight gain. Berberine, a botanic alkaloid, has been shown in our previous studies to inhibit adipogenesis in cell and animal models. MTT was used to determine the cytotoxic effects of clozapine and risperidone in combination with berberine. Differentiation of 3T3‐L1 cells was monitored by Oil‐Red‐O staining and the expression of SREBP‐1 and related proteins was determined by real‐time RT‐PCR and western blotting. The results showed that neither clozapine nor risperidone, alone or in combination with berberine had significant effects on cell viability. Eight days treatment with 15 μm clozapine increased adipogenesis by 37.4% and 50 μm risperidone increased adipogenesis by 26.5% during 3T3‐L1 cell differentiation accompanied by increased SREBP‐1, PPARγ, C/EBPα, LDLR and Adiponectin gene expression. More importantly, the addition of 8 μm berberine diminished the induction of adipogenesis almost completely accompanied by down‐regulated mRNA and protein expression levels of SREBP‐1‐related proteins. These encouraging results may lead to the use of berberine as an adjuvant to prevent weight gain during second generation antipsychotic medication. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Radical scavenging and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activities of standardized extracts of Ficus racemosa stem bark
Authors: Ahmed Faiyaz , Siddesha Jalahalli M. , Urooj Asna , Vishwanath Bannikuppe S. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe present study evaluated the radical scavenging and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of cold and hot aqueous extracts of Ficus racemosa (Moraceae) stem bark. The extracts were standardized using HPLC. Radical scavenging activity was determined using 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl radical and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activity using rabbit lung and partially purified porcine kidney ACE. HPLC profiles of cold aqueous extract (FRC) showed the presence of bergenin, an isocoumarin, while hot aqueous extract (FRH) was found to contain ferulic acid, kaempferol and coumarin in addition to bergenin. FRH showed significantly higher (p ≤ 0.01) radical scavenging activity than FRC and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), consequently resulting in a significantly lower (p ≤ 0.01) IC50 value than FRC and BHT. Both the extracts exhibited a dose dependent inhibition of porcine kidney and rabbit lung ACE. FRH showed significantly higher (p ≤ 0.01) activity than FRC with lower IC50 values of 1.36 and 1.91 μg/mL respectively, for porcine kidney and rabbit lung ACE, compared with those of FRC (128 and 291 μg/mL). Further, a significant correlation (r = 0.893; p ≤ 0.05) was observed between radical scavenging activity and ACE‐inhibitory activity. This is the first report on the ACE‐inhibitory activity of F. racemosa stem bark suggesting its potential to be utilized as a therapeutic alternative for hypertension. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer with coaxial multi‐electrode cell (‘O‐trap’): first experimental demonstration
Authors: Misharin A. S. , Zubarev R. A. , Doroshenko V. M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe conceptual design of the O‐trap Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT‐ICR) cell addresses the speed of analysis issue in FT‐ICR mass spectrometry. The concept of the O‐trap includes separating the functions of ion excitation and detection between two different FT‐ICR cell compartments. The detection compartment of the O‐trap implements additional internal coaxial electrodes around which ions with excited cyclotron motion revolve. The expected benefits are higher resolving power and the lesser effect of the space charge. In this work we present the first experimental demonstration of the O‐trap cell and its features, including the high ion transfer efficiency between two distinct compartments of an ICR cell after excitation of the coherent cyclotron motion. We demonstrate that utilization of the multiple‐electrode detection in the O‐trap provides mass resolving power enhancement (achieved over a certain time) equal to the order of the frequency multiplication. In an O‐trap installed in a 5 T desk‐top cryogen‐free superconducting magnet, the resolving power of R = 80 000 was achieved for bradykinin [M + 2H]2+ (m/z 531; equivalent to 100 000 when recalculated for m/z 400) in 0.2 s analysis time (transient length), and R = 300 000 at m/z 531 for a 1 s transient. In both cases, detection on the third multiple of the cyclotron frequency was implemented. In terms of the acquisition speed at fixed resolving power, such performance is equivalent to conventional FT‐ICR detection using a 15 T magnet. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The use of18O‐exchange and base‐catalyzedN‐dealkylation with liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry to identify carbinolamide metabolites
Authors: Bessire Andrew J. , Vaz Alfin D. N. , Walker Gregory S. , Wang Wei Wei , Sharma Raman 
Published: June 2010

AbstractOxidation ofN‐alkyl‐substituted amides is a common transformation observed in metabolism studies of drugs and other chemicals. Metabolism at the alpha carbon atom can produce stable carbinolamide compounds, which may be abundant enough to require complete confidence in structural assignments. In a drug discovery setting, rapid structural elucidation of test compounds is critical to inform the compound selection process. Traditional approaches to the analysis of carbinolamides have relied upon the time‐consuming synthesis of authentic standards or purification of large enough quantities for characterization by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). We describe a simple technique used in conjunction with liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) which demonstrates the chemical identity of a carbinolamide by its distinctive ability to reversibly exchange [18O]water through an imine intermediate. A key advantage of the technique is that the chromatographic retention times of metabolites are preserved, allowing direct comparisons of mass chromatograms from non‐treated and [18O]water‐treated samples. Metabolites susceptible to the treatment are clearly indicated by the addition of 2 mass units to their original mass. An additional test which can be used in conjunction with18O‐exchange is base‐catalyzedN‐dealkylation ofN‐(α‐hydroxy)alkyl compounds. The use of the technique is described for carbinolamide metabolites of dirlotapide, loperamide, and a proprietary compound. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hemisynthesis and structural characterization of flavanol‐(4,8)‐vitisins by mass spectrometry
Authors: Nave Frederico , Teixeira Natércia , Mateus Nuno , de Freitas Victor 
Published: June 2010

AbstractVitisins constitute the major group of pyranoanthocyanins naturally occurring in red wines. Regarding their chemical structure, only carboxypyranoanthocyanins have been detected and quantified in red wines, but no vitisin with substitutions in the carbons of the A ring has been identified. However, considering the chemical reactions that take place in red wine, the existence of flavan‐3‐ol‐(4,6/8)‐vitisins is expected. This paper reports for the first time the structural identification of catechin‐vitisin A and catechin‐vitisin B based on their mass data and fragmentation patterns. This work also provides some chromatographic and visible spectroscopic features of these pigments and documents the existence of both in red table wines. Moreover, it is also proposed that Cat‐Vit A pigments arise from the cycloaddition of pyruvic acid to an anthocyanin moiety of a flavanol‐anthocyanin adduct rather than by direct nucleophilic attack of a vitisin A on the carbocation C4 of catechin. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High‐performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric investigation of stilbenoids in cell cultures of Vitis vinifera L., cv. Malvasia
Authors: Mulinacci Nadia , Innocenti Marzia , Santamaria Anna Rita , la Marca Giancarlo , Pasqua Gabriella 
Published: June 2010

AbstractCell suspension cultures of Vitis vinifera L., particularly after elicitation, have shown the ability to biosynthesize several stilbenoids. In this work the application of specific tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) experiments and the integration with data from UV‐vis spectra, available only for the main compounds of the extract, allowed the detection of over 20 different stilbenoids. Up to eight monoglicosides, both monomers and dimers, a high number of dimer forms (up to 17), belonging to the group of viniferins and to their oxidized derivatives, were identified in the extract of Malvasia cell cultures. Moreover, the selectivity and sensitivity of the method allowed detection also of a few cis derivatives (up to 3) present in very low concentrations and presumably produced by the light exposure during treatment of the sample. To the best of the authors' knowledge, there are no literature data on MS/MS experiments targeted to simultaneously study monomeric and dimeric stilbenoids, both as free and glycosilated forms, in a complex mixture from V. vinifera cell suspension cultures. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.