bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex differences in asthma control, lung function and exacerbations: the ATLANTIS study
Authors: Kole Tessa M , Muiser Susan , Kraft Monica , Siddiqui Salman , Fabbri Leonardo M , Rabe Klaus F , Papi Alberto , Brightling Chris , Singh Dave , van der Molen Thys , Nawijn Martijn C , Kerstjens Huib A M , van den Berge Maarten 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundAsthma is a heterogeneous disease with a prevalence and severity that differs between male and female patients.QuestionWhat are differences between male and female patients with asthma with regard to asthma control, lung function, inflammation and exacerbations?MethodsWe performed a post hoc analysis in the ATLANTIS (Assessment of Small Airways Involvement in Asthma) study, an observational cohort study including patients with asthma from nine countries with a follow-up of 1 year during which patients were characterised with measures of large and small airway function, questionnaires, inflammation and imaging. We compared differences in baseline characteristics and longitudinal outcomes between male and female patients with asthma.Results773 patients were enrolled; 450 (58%) of these were female. At baseline, female patients with asthma were in higher Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) steps (p=0.042), had higher Asthma Control Questionnaire 6 (F: 0.83; M: 0.66, p<0.001) and higher airway resistance as reflected by uncorrected impulse oscillometry outcomes (ie, R5-R20: F: 0.06; M: 0.04 kPa/L/s, p=0.002). Male patients with asthma had more severe airway obstruction (forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity % predicted: F: 91.95; M: 88.33%, p<0.01) and more frequently had persistent airflow limitation (F: 27%; M: 39%, p<0.001). Blood neutrophils were significantly higher in female patients (p=0.014). With Cox regression analysis, female sex was an independent predictor for exacerbations.InterpretationWe demonstrate that female patients are in higher GINA steps, exhibit worse disease control, experience more exacerbations and demonstrate higher airway resistance compared with male patients. The higher exacerbation risk was independent of GINA step and blood eosinophil level. Male patients, in turn, have a higher prevalence of persistent airflow limitation and more severe airflow obstruction. These findings show sex can affect clinical phenotyping and outcomes in asthma.Trial registration numberNCT02123667.
French mobile neurosurgical unit: a retrospective analysis of 22 years of mission
Authors: Fawaz Rayan , Maison F L , Robert P , Fouet M , Delmas J-M , Dulou R , Desse N , Dagain A 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionThe French mobile neurosurgical unit (MNSU) is used to provide specific support to remote military medicosurgical units deployed in foreign theatres. If a neurosurgical casualty is present, the Role 2 team may request the MNSU to be deployed directly from France. The deployed neurosurgeon can then perform surgery in Role 2 or decide to evacuate the casualty and perform surgery in Role 4 in France. We provide an epidemiological analysis of MNSU missions between 2001 and 2023 and investigate the value of the MNSU for the French Armed Forces.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective case series that included patients managed by the MNSU from 1 January 2001 to 31 January 2023. We collected epidemiological data (eg, age, military or civilian status, delay between transmission and takeoff, origin of the injury and mission location), clinical records (aetiologies of the injury and disease), data on surgical intervention (operator nature and type of surgery) and data on postoperative outcomes recorded at the time of discharge from hospital.Results51 patients were managed by the MNSU. 36 (70.5%) and 3 (5.8%) patients underwent surgery on Role 2 and Role 4, respectively. 39 (76.9%) interventions were due to traumatic injury, 4 (7.8%) due to hydrocephalus, 4 (7.8%) due to vascular causes, 3 (5.9%) due to tumour and 1 (2%) due to spine degeneration. In 30 (76.9%) of these cases, the first operator was a neurosurgeon from the MNSU, whereas in the remaining 9 (23.1%) cases, procedures were initially performed by a non-neurosurgeon.ConclusionThe MNSU contribution to D1 casualties’ strategic evacuation (STRATEVAC) is important. The MNSU provides additional support for STRATEVAC during the reorganisation of French Armed Forces engaged in several fronts. With the return of high-intensity wars, the French MNSU must develop and adjust for the management of massive influxes of casualties.
Clinical spectrum of late symptomatic neurosyphilis in China: an 11-year retrospective study
Authors: Yang Yilan , Gu Xin , Zhu Lin , Cheng Yuanyuan , Lu Haikong , Guan Zhifang , Shi Mei , Ni Liyan , Peng Rui-Rui , Zhao Wei , Wu Juan , Qi Tengfei , Long Fuquan , Chai Zhe , Gong Weiming , Ye Meiping , Zhou Pingyu 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesThis study aimed to describe the clinical features of neurosyphilis in Chinese patients in an attempt to find clinical features that are helpful for the early identification of neurosyphilis.MethodsThis retrospective study included people with syphilis who visited Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital between January 2010 and December 2020. Lumbar puncture was performed on those who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The diagnosis of neurosyphilis was based on clinical and laboratory findings. The parameters were analysed statistically.ResultsOf the 3524 patients with neurosyphilis, 2111 (59.9%) and 1413 (40.1%) were asymptomatic and symptomatic neurosyphilis, respectively. General paresis was the most common type of symptomatic neurosyphilis (46.8%). The clinical manifestations of symptomatic neurosyphilis include psychiatric and neurotic symptoms, among which general paresis predominantly presented as psychiatric symptoms such as affective (66.7%) and memory disorder (72.9%). Tabes dorsalis is often presented as neurotic symptoms. One hundred fifty patients (10.6%) with symptomatic neurosyphilis presented candy signs, a rare and specific neurosyphilis symptom that is common in general paresis. Girdle sensation was presented in 13 patients, mainly with tabes dorsalis, which had not been reported in previous studies.ConclusionsNotably, the candy sign is identified as a specific symptom of general paresis, while girdle sensations are highlighted as a particular symptom of tabes dorsalis. This is the largest study describing the clinical spectrum of neurosyphilis since the onset of the penicillin era and could help doctors learn more about the disease. A comprehensive description of the possible clinical manifestations of late symptomatic neurosyphilis, particularly highlighting rare symptoms, can identify suspicious patients and prevent diagnostic delays.
Collision energy dependence of source sizes for primary and secondary pions at energies available at the JINR nuclotron-based ion collider facility from Lévy fits
Authors: Ayala Alejandro , Bernal-Langarica Santiago , Dominguez Isabel , Maldonado Ivonne , Tejeda-Yeomans Maria Elena 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe study the evolution of the two-pion correlation function parameters with collision energy in the context of relativistic heavy-ion collisions within the NICA energy range. To this end, we perform UrQMD simulations in the cascade mode to produce samples of pions from $$5\times 10^6$$

5
×

10
6

Bi+Bi collisions for each of the studied energies. The effects of the quantum-statistical correlations are introduced using the correlation afterburner code CRAB. We fit the correlation function using Gaussian, exponential and symmetric Lévy shapes and show that for all collision energies the latter provides the best fit. We separate the sample into pions coming from primary processes and pions originating from the decay of long-lived resonances, and show that the source size for the latter is significantly larger than for the former. The source size for the secondaries, is similar but in general larger than the size for the whole pion sample. To further characterize the pion source, we also simulate the effects of a non-ideal detector introducing a momentum smearing parameter, representing the minimum pair momentum and thus a maximum source size that can be resolved. The values of the correlation function intercept parameter are therefore modified from the values they attain for the perfect detector case. Using the core-halo picture of the source, we show that the values of the intercept parameter are influenced by the presence of a significant fraction of core pions coming from the decay of long-lived but slow-moving resonances. These findings serve as a benchmark to compare with future Monte Carlo studies that consider an Equation of State and thus allow for a phase transition within the studied energy domain.
A TURNING POINT FOR BANKING: UNRAVELING THE CHANGING LANDSCAPE OF BANKING ACTIVITY IN EUROPE SINCE THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: BELLUCCI ANDREA , GUCCIARDI GIANLUCA 
Published: June 2024

This study investigates how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the European banking system, focusing on lending activities and risk-taking behavior. We use a difference-in-differences (DID) approach to compare the performance of banks highly impacted by the pandemic with those operating in less affected countries. Our results indicate a negative impact on lending activities, as banks reduced their exposure to both individuals and businesses. Nonetheless, the impact on bank risk-taking was heterogeneous, as certain banks increased their risk-taking by relaxing their lending standards to support their borrowers while others tightened lending criteria. The reduction in total lending for the banking system was primarily driven by less capitalized banks — with a sharp decline in corporate loans combined with stability in mortgages and consumer loans — and those with limited access to public guarantee schemes. Different characteristics, such as size, profitability, and listing status, led to varied lending behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic, with smaller and more profitable banks exhibiting greater resilience.
LiDO: Linearizable Byzantine Distributed Objects with Refinement-Based Liveness Proofs
Authors: Qiu Longfei , Kim Yoonseung , Shin Ji-Yong , Kim Jieung , Honoré Wolf , Shao Zhong 
Published: June 2024

Byzantine fault-tolerant state machine replication (SMR) protocols, such as PBFT, HotStuff, and Jolteon, are essential for modern blockchain technologies. However, they are challenging to implement correctly because they have to deal with any unexpected message from byzantine peers and ensure safety and liveness at all times. Many formal frameworks have been developed to verify the safety of SMR implementations, but there is still a gap in the verification of their liveness. Existing liveness proofs are either limited to the network level or do not cover popular partially synchronous protocols.
We introduce LiDO, a consensus model that enables the verification of both safety and liveness of implementations through refinement. We observe that current consensus models cannot handle liveness because they do not include a pacemaker state. We show that by adding a pacemaker state to the LiDO model, we can express the liveness properties of SMR protocols as a few safety properties that can be easily verified by refinement proofs. Based on our LiDO model, we provide mechanized safety and liveness proofs for both unpipelined and pipelined Jolteon in Coq. This is the first mechanized liveness proof for a byzantine consensus protocol with non-trivial optimizations such as pipelining.
Linear Matching of JavaScript Regular Expressions
Authors: Barrière Aurèle , Pit-Claudel Clément 
Published: June 2024

Modern regex languages have strayed far from well-understood
traditional regular expressions: they include features that
fundamentally transform the matching problem. In exchange for these
features, modern regex engines at times suffer from exponential
complexity blowups, a frequent source of denial-of-service
vulnerabilities in JavaScript applications. Worse, regex semantics
differ across languages, and the impact of these divergences on
algorithmic design and worst-case matching complexity has seldom been
investigated.
This paper provides a novel perspective on JavaScript's regex
semantics by identifying a larger-than-previously-understood subset of
the language that can be matched with linear time guarantees. In the
process, we discover several cases where state-of-the-art algorithms
were either wrong (semantically incorrect), inefficient (suffering
from superlinear complexity) or excessively restrictive (assuming
certain features could not be matched linearly). We introduce novel
algorithms to restore correctness and linear complexity. We further
advance the state-of-the-art in linear regex matching by presenting
the first nonbacktracking algorithms for matching lookarounds in
linear time: one supporting captureless lookbehinds in any regex
language, and another leveraging a JavaScript property to support
unrestricted lookaheads and lookbehinds. Finally, we describe new
time and space complexity tradeoffs for regex engines. All of our
algorithms are practical: we validated them in a prototype
implementation, and some have also been merged in the V8 JavaScript
implementation used in Chrome and Node.js.
Atorvastatin Attenuates Endothelial Cell Injury in Atherosclerosis Through Inhibiting ACSL4‐Mediated Ferroptosis
Authors: Tan Huilian , Liu Ling , Qi Yanchao , Zhang Dahong , Zhi Yanchun , Li Yu , Zhang Huimin , Liu Jun 
Published: June 2024

Objective: This study is aimed at investigating the effects of atorvastatin (ATV) on endothelial cell injury in atherosclerosis (AS) through inhibiting acyl‐CoA synthetase long‐chain family member 4 (ACSL4)‐mediated ferroptosis.Methods: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (ox‐LDL) to establish an in vitro model of AS. The cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, apoptosis, and expression levels of apoptotic proteins were assessed. The levels of inflammatory factors and adhesion molecules were determined by ELISA and Western blot, respectively. Cellular iron content, lipid peroxidation, glutathione (GSH) levels, and lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured. ACSL4 overexpression was performed to investigate its role in ATV‐mediated protection against ferroptosis.Results: ATV alleviated ox‐LDL‐induced HUVEC damage by restoring cell viability, reducing LDH levels, and inhibiting apoptosis. It also attenuated inflammation and adhesion by decreasing the levels of inflammatory factors TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐8, as well as adhesion molecules ICAM‐1 and VCAM‐1. ATV inhibited ferroptosis by regulating iron content, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, ROS levels, and ACSL4 protein expression. Overexpression of ACSL4 (oe‐ACSL4) hindered the protective effects of ATV on cell viability, antiapoptotic protein expression, LDH levels, apoptosis, and inflammatory factors.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that ATV attenuates endothelial cell injury in AS by inhibiting ACSL4‐mediated ferroptosis. These results provide insights into the potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of AS.
Ibrutinib in Combination with R-GemOx in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma of Nongerminal Center B-cell–like Type: Phase II Clinical Trial of the Spanish GELTAMO Group
Authors: Rey-Búa Beatriz , Grande Carlos , Sánchez Blanco José J. , Abrisqueta Pau , Gutiérrez Antonio , Ramírez Páyer Ángel , Giné Eva , Zeberio Etxetxipia Izaskun , Terol Maria J. , de la Cruz Vicente Fátima , Andreu Rafel , Ramirez Maria J. , de la Fuente Adolfo , Viguria Maria C. , Peñarrubia María J. , Jiménez-Ubieto Ana , Montes-Moreno Santiago , López-Guillermo Armando , Caballero María D. , Martín García-Sancho Alejandro 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
This phase II clinical trial evaluated the combination of ibrutinib with rituximab, gemcitabine, and oxaliplatin (R-GemOx) in patients with nongerminal center B-cell–like (non-GCB) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).

Patients and Methods:
The IBDCL trial (NCT02692248) included patients with histologic diagnosis of non-GCB DLBCL with relapsed or refractory disease and non-candidates for stem-cell transplantation. Patients received an induction treatment consisting of six or eight cycles of R-GemOx at standard doses every 2 weeks, in combination with ibrutinib (560 mg daily), followed by a maintenance treatment with ibrutinib for a maximum of 2 years. The primary objective was to evaluate the overall response rate after four cycles.

Results:
Sixty-four patients were included, 72% of them refractory to the last regimen. The overall response rate and complete remission rate after the fourth cycle were 53% [95% confidence interval (CI), 41–65] and 34% (95% CI, 24–46), respectively. Twenty-four (37%) patients started maintenance, and 7 (11%) completed the planned 2 years. After a median follow-up of 29.7 months (range: 0.4–48.6), the estimated 2-year progression-free survival and overall survival were 18% (95% CI, 8–28) and 26% (95% CI, 14–37), respectively. The most common grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events were thrombocytopenia (44%), neutropenia (30%), and anemia (14%). Grade ≥3 infectious and cardiovascular treatment-related adverse events were reported in 6 (9%) and 1 (2%) patient, respectively.

Conclusions:
Ibrutinib in combination with R-GemOx, followed by ibrutinib maintenance, demonstrated encouraging antitumor activity with durable responses and a manageable toxicity in patients with non-GCB DLBCL.
KARAKTERISTIK PASIEN DAN LUARAN FEMTO LASIK DI PMN RS MATA CICENDO
Authors: Budiman  , Knoch Andrew Maximilian Herman , Siagian Helena Margareth Angelica 
Published: June 2024

Background: Refractive error ranks first among all other types of eye. However, there is currently no new research in Indonesia on the epidemiology of the most recent myopia patients or the results of Femto LASIK, which is one of the well-known refractive error remedies that the public is choosing these days. This study aimed to describe the characteristics and outcomes of patients who underwent Femto LASIK at the Cicendo National Eye Hospital throughout 2022.
Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted using medical records of patients who underwent Femto LASIK surgery in 2022. Gender, age, level of education, place of residence, eye lateralization, motives for surgery, presenting visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity, degree of myopia, and refractive error correction were reviewed.
Results: A total of 209 patients were selected. The majority of the subjects were male (67,5%) with age ranging from 18 to 48 years. Most patients were high school graduates (84,2%) and resided in Java Island (48,8%). The surgery was predominantly performed on both eyes (88%) due to career requirements (60,3%) and for the correction of mild myopia (44,8%). Most patients presenting visual acuity were severe visual impairment (40,4%). After LASIK, there were residual refractive errors for all degrees of myopia. The efficacy and safety index were highest among cases of mild myopia.
Conclusion: The study's conclusions showed that male residents of Java were the patients' most prevalent characteristics. Femto LASIK has proven to be highly effective and safe, particularly in cases of low myopia.
A idade da terra em Paraty - Uma proposta de periodização histórica
Authors: Gusmão Neusa Maria Mendes de 
Published: June 2024

The aim of this paper is to call attention of historians and other scholars to Paraty, a now highly disturbed region of the State of Rio de Janeiro. The economic and social course of the area shows that its past and present are a result of the expansion of Brazilian capitalism in different moments. At first, as a commercial entrepôt, Paraty had its roads intensively used, a sign of the process of irradiation of the mercantile capital and its interests. The decline of the export economies (Minas and Vale do Paraíba) resulted in the suspension of these fluxes, resulting in the economic and social disarticulation of the region. During the fifties of the XXth century, local society and economy revived due to the development of new interests, again alien to the region, which activated the old roads, as well as the building of a new one, the Rio-Santos highway. To each moment of the described process corresponds a specific form of land and local labor appropriation and use, through mechanisms of valorization and devaluation of these fundamental goods, i.e., land and labor.
A Training Course for Simulating Head and Neck Ultrasound-Guided Procedures Using a Gelatin Phantom Model
Authors: Cheng Ping-Chia , Lo Wu-Chia , Chang Chih-Ming , Wen Ming-Hsun , Liao Li-Jen 
Published: June 2024

Objectives: Ultrasound (US)-guided procedures can be used in the evaluation and treatment of neck masses. However, these procedures need to be practiced before being executed on humans. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a training program using a gelatin phantom to practice US-guided procedures. Methods: This program included a lecture and practice with a gelatin phantom. We recruited doctors from different hospitals to practice US-guided procedures, including fine-needle aspiration (FNA), core needle biopsy (CNB), percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI), and radiofrequency ablation (RFA). We used a questionnaire with a 5-point scale to evaluate the effectiveness of practicing US-guided procedures under a gelatin phantom. Results: Forty-four doctors participated, and 37 of them completed the questionnaires. After training, the mean (SD) scores of the doctors were 4.68 (0.47) for “Satisfaction with this course,” 4.54 (0.61) for “Ease in practicing FNA&CNB using the phantom,” 4.49 (0.61) for “Ease in practicing PEI using the phantom,” 4.49 (0.65) for “Ease in practicing RFA using the phantom,” and 4.57 (0.55) for “The course effectively familiarizing participants with US-guided procedures.” Participants without experience in US examination had higher scores than those with previous US experience, but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: A combination of lectures and hands-on practice of US-guided procedures using a gelatin phantom is an effective educational method for doctors interested in head and neck US. After the training program, doctors gained a better understanding of the necessary steps and skills required for these procedures. They can correctly insert the instruments into the target lesion and perform different US-guided procedures.
Disproportionate Increases in Numbers and Rates of Homelessness Among Women in the United States, 2018-2022
Authors: Tsai Jack , Lampros Austin 
Published: June 2024

Objectives: Information about homelessness among women is conflicting. We examined changes in the number and rate of various types of homelessness among females in multiple population groups from 2018 through 2022. Methods: We used 5 years of population data (2018-2022) from the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). We performed descriptive analyses to examine changes in rates of homelessness over time and differences in rates of homelessness between general and veteran populations. Results: From 2018 through 2022, there were major increases in rates of unsheltered homelessness among females (25.1%) and males (17.3%) in the general population, which outpaced increases in general population birth rates. Although the percentage change in the proportion of females among all people experiencing unsheltered homelessness grew by 4.0%, the proportion of females among all veterans experiencing unsheltered homelessness grew by 26.3%. Conclusions: These findings highlight the growing problem of unsheltered homelessness in the general population. Prevention efforts should be focused particularly on the female, especially veteran female, population.