bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tests of Static Balance Do Not Predict Mobility Performance Following Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Williams Gavin P. , Morris Meg E. 
Published: November 2010

Purpose: To investigate the extent to which different single-limb support (SLS) parameters predict mobility performance following traumatic brain injury (TBI).Methods: Seventy-one people with mobility limitations following TBI were assessed for balance and mobility performance in a human movement laboratory. Participants performed a clinical test of static balance that involved balancing in SLS on each leg with eyes open and eyes closed. Mobility performance was measured by self-selected gait speed and performance on the High Level Mobility Scale (HiMAT). Dynamic stability during walking was measured by quantifying lateral centre of mass (COM) displacement, width of base of support, and proportion of double-support stance time.Results: Total static balance scores were strongly correlated with HiMAT scores (r=0.57, p<0.001) and lateral COM displacement (r=−0.51, p<0.001). Despite these strong correlations, however, balance scores explained only 32% of the variance in advanced mobility skills (r2=0.32) and 26% of the variance in lateral COM displacement (r2=0.26).Conclusions: Since mobility performance varied widely for people with similar levels of balance, SLS time was not able to predict dynamic stability during gait, self-selected gait speed, or advanced mobility skills in people with TBI.
M2b Monocytes Predominated in Peripheral Blood of Severely Burned Patients
Authors: Kobayashi Makiko , Jeschke Marc G. , Shigematsu Kenji , Asai Akira , Yoshida Shohei , Herndon David N. , Suzuki Fujio 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Severely burned patients were shown to be carriers of M2 monocytes, and all of the monocytes isolated from peripheral blood of severely burned patients (19 of 19 patients) were demonstrated as M2b monocytes (IL-12−IL-10+CCL1+ monocytes). Low levels of M2a (IL-12−IL-10+CCL17+ monocytes) and M2c monocytes (IL-12−IL-10+CXCL13+ monocytes) were demonstrated in peripheral blood of severely burned patients (M2a, 2 of 19 patients; M2c, 5 of 19 patients). M2b, M2a, and M2c monocytes were not detected in peripheral blood of healthy donors. However, M2b monocytes appeared when healthy donor monocytes were cultured in media supplemented with burn patient serum (15%). CCL2 was detected in sera of all burn patients, and M2b monocytes were not generated from healthy donor monocytes cultured with media containing 15% burn patient sera that were previously treated with anti-CCL2 mAb. In addition, M2b monocytes were generated from healthy donor monocytes in cultures supplemented with rCCL2. These results indicate that M2b monocytes are predominant in peripheral blood of severely burned patients who are carriers of CCL2 that functions to stimulate monocyte conversion from resident monocytes to M2b monocytes.
Human Eosinophils Exert TNF-α and Granzyme A-Mediated Tumoricidal Activity toward Colon Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Legrand Fanny , Driss Virginie , Delbeke Marie , Loiseau Sylvie , Hermann Emmanuel , Dombrowicz David , Capron Monique 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPeripheral blood and tissue eosinophilia is a prominent feature in allergic diseases and helminth infections. In cancer patients, tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia is frequently observed. Tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia can be associated with a favorable prognosis, notably in colorectal carcinoma. However, underlying mechanisms of eosinophil contribution to antitumor responses are poorly understood. We have in this study investigated the direct interactions of human eosinophils with Colo-205, a colorectal carcinoma cell line, and show that eosinophils induce apoptosis and directly kill tumor cells. Using blocking Abs, we found that CD11a/CD18 complex is involved in the tumoricidal activity. Coculture of eosinophils with Colo-205 led to the release of eosinophil cationic protein and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin as well as TNF-α secretion. Moreover, eosinophils expressed granzyme A, which was released upon interaction with Colo-205, whereas cytotoxicity was partially inhibited by FUT-175, an inhibitor of trypsin-like enzymatic activity. Our data present the first demonstration, to our knowledge, that granzyme A is a cytotoxic mediator of the eosinophil protein arsenal, exerting eosinophil tumoricidal activity toward Colo-205, and provide mechanistic evidence for innate responses of eosinophil against tumor cells.
Pim-1 Regulates RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via NF-κB Activation and NFATc1 Induction
Authors: Kim Kabsun , Kim Jung Ha , Youn Bang Ung , Jin Hye Mi , Kim Nacksung 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Pim kinases are emerging as important mediators of cytokine signaling pathways in hematopoietic cells. In this study, we demonstrate that Pim-1 positively regulates RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and that Pim-1 expression can be upregulated by RANKL signaling during osteoclast differentiation. The silencing of Pim-1 by RNA interference or overexpression of a dominant negative form of Pim-1 (Pim-1 DN) in bone marrow-derived macrophage cells attenuates RANKL-induced osteoclast formation. Overexpression of Pim-1 DN blocks RANKL-induced activation of TGF-β–activated kinase 1 (TAK1) and NF-κB as well as expression of NFATc1 during osteoclastogenesis. However, we found that overexpression of TAK1 in the presence of Pim-1 DN rescues NF-κB activation. Additionally, Pim-1 interacts with RANK as well as TAK1, indicating that Pim-1 is involved in RANKL-induced NF-κB activation via TAK1. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Pim-1 also regulates NFATc1 transcription activity and subsequently induces osteoclast-associated receptor expression, an osteoclast-specific gene. Taken together, our results reveal that Pim-1 positively regulates RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis.
Oligodendrocyte-Specific FADD Deletion Protects Mice from Autoimmune-Mediated Demyelination
Authors: Mc Guire Conor , Volckaert Thomas , Wolke Uta , Sze Mozes , de Rycke Riet , Waisman Ari , Prinz Marco , Beyaert Rudi , Pasparakis Manolis , van Loo Geert 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Apoptosis of oligodendrocytes (ODCs), the myelin-producing glial cells in the CNS, plays a central role in demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis. To investigate the mechanism behind ODC apoptosis in EAE, we made use of conditional knockout mice lacking the adaptor protein FADD specifically in ODCs (FADDODC-KO). FADD mediates apoptosis by coupling death receptors with downstream caspase activation. In line with this, ODCs from FADDODC-KO mice were completely resistant to death receptor-induced apoptosis in vitro. In the EAE model, FADDODC-KO mice followed an ameliorated clinical disease course in comparison with control littermates. Lymphocyte and macrophage infiltration into the spinal cord parenchyma was significantly reduced, as was the extent of demyelination and proinflammatory gene expression. Collectively, our data show that FADD is critical for ODC apoptosis and the development of autoimmune demyelinating disease.
TLR5 as an Anti-Inflammatory Target and Modifier Gene in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Blohmke Christoph J. , Park Julie , Hirschfeld Aaron F. , Victor Rachel E. , Schneiderman Julia , Stefanowicz Dorota , Chilvers Mark A. , Durie Peter R. , Corey Mary , Zielenski Julian , Dorfman Ruslan , Sandford Andrew J. , Daley Denise , Turvey Stuart E. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
New treatments are needed to improve the health of people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Reducing lung-damaging inflammation is likely to be beneficial, but specific anti-inflammatory targets have not been identified. By combining cellular immunology with a population-based genetic modifier study, we examined TLR5 as an anti-inflammatory target and modifier gene in CF. Using two pairs of human CF and control airway epithelial cells, we demonstrated that the TLR5–flagellin interaction is a major mediator of inflammation following exposure to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. To validate TLR5 as an anti-inflammatory target, we analyzed the disease modifying effects of the TLR5 c.1174C&gt;T single nucleotide polymorphism (rs5744168) in a large cohort of CF patients (n = 2219). rs5744168 encodes a premature stop codon and the T allele is associated with a 45.5–76.3% reduction in flagellin responsiveness (p &lt; 0.0001). To test the hypothesis that reduced TLR5 responsiveness would be associated with improved health in CF patients, we examined the relationship between rs5744168 and two clinical phenotypes: lung function and body weight. Adults with CF carrying the TLR5 premature stop codon (CT or TT genotype) had a higher body mass index than did CF patients homozygous for the fully functional allele (CC genotype) (p = 0.044); however, similar improvements in lung function associated with the T allele were not statistically significant. Although follow-up studies are needed to confirm the impact of TLR5 on nutritional status, this translational research provides evidence that genetic variation in TLR5 resulting in reduced flagellin responsiveness is associated with improved health indicators in adults with CF.
MicroRNA-148/152 Impair Innate Response and Antigen Presentation of TLR-Triggered Dendritic Cells by Targeting CaMKIIα
Authors: Liu Xingguang , Zhan Zhenzhen , Xu Li , Ma Feng , Li Dong , Guo Zhenhong , Li Nan , Cao Xuetao 
Published: November 2010

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of immunity, including the lymphocyte development and differentiation, and inflammatory cytokine production. Dendritic cells (DCs) play important roles in linking innate and adaptive immune responses. However, few miRNAs have been found to regulate the innate response and APC function of DCs to date. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), a major downstream effector of calcium (Ca2+), has been shown to be an important regulator of the maturation and function of DCs. Our previous study showed that CaMKIIα could promote TLR-triggered production of proinflammatory cytokines and type I IFN. Inspired by the observations that dicer mutant Drosophila display defect in endogenous miRNA generation and higher CaMKII expression, we wondered whether miRNAs can regulate the innate response and APC function of DCs by targeting CaMKIIα. By predicting with software and confirming with functional experiments, we demonstrate that three members of the miRNA (miR)-148 family, miR-148a, miR-148b, and miR-152, are negative regulators of the innate response and Ag-presenting capacity of DCs. miR-148/152 expression was upregulated, whereas CaMKIIα expression was downregulated in DCs on maturation and activation induced by TLR3, TLR4, and TLR9 agonists. We showed that miR-148/152 in turn inhibited the production of cytokines including IL-12, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-β upregulation of MHC class II expression and DC-initiated Ag-specific T cell proliferation by targeting CaMKIIα. Therefore, miRNA-148/152 can act as fine-tuner in regulating the innate response and Ag-presenting capacity of DCs, which may contribute to the immune homeostasis and immune regulation.
CD30 Ligand Is a Target for a Novel Biological Therapy against Colitis Associated with Th17 Responses
Authors: Sun Xun , Yamada Hisakata , Shibata Kensuke , Muta Hiromi , Tani Kenzaburo , Podack Eckhard R. , Iwakura Yoichiro , Yoshikai Yasunobu 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe have previously found that CD30 ligand (CD30L; CD153)/CD30 signaling executed by the T–T cell interaction plays a critical role in Th17 cell differentiation, at least partly via downregulation of IL-2 production. In this study, we investigated the role of CD30L in the development of colitis experimentally induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), in which IL-17A is involved in the pathogenesis. CD30L−/− mice were resistant to both acute colitis induced by administration of 3 to ∼5% DSS and to chronic colitis induced by administration of 1.5% DSS on days 0–5, 10–15, and 20–25 as assessed by weight loss, survival rate, and histopathology. The levels of IFN-γ, IL-17A, and IL-10 were significantly lower but the IL-2 level higher in the lamina propria T lymphocytes of CD30L−/− mice than those in lamina propria T lymphocytes of wild-type mice after DSS administration. Soluble murine CD30-Ig fusion protein, which was capable of inhibiting Th17 cell differentiation in vitro, ameliorated both types of DSS-induced colitis in wild-type mice. Modulation of CD30L/CD30 signaling by soluble CD30 could be a novel biological therapy for inflammatory diseases associated with Th17 responses.
FcR-Like 2 Inhibition of B Cell Receptor-Mediated Activation of B Cells
Authors: Jackson Tanisha A. , Haga Christopher L. , Ehrhardt Götz R. A. , Davis Randall S. , Cooper Max D. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractFcR-like (FCRL) 2 is a transmembrane protein with immunomodulatory potential that is preferentially expressed by memory B cells in humans. It has two consensus ITIMs in addition to a putative ITAM sequence in its cytoplasmic domain. We have confirmed the cellular distribution of FCRL2 and analyzed its functional potential to show that coligation with the BCR leads to tyrosine phosphorylation of its ITIM motifs and subsequent Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 recruitment to facilitate inhibition of BCR signaling. Mutational analysis indicates that the tyrosine residues in both inhibitory motifs of FCRL2 are required for complete inhibition of BCR signaling, whereas tyrosines in the putative activation motif are dispensable for signal modulation. These findings suggest a negative immunomodulatory function for FCRL2 in the regulation of memory B cells.
Basophils Support the Survival of Plasma Cells in Mice
Authors: Gomez Manuel Rodriguez , Talke Yvonne , Goebel Nicole , Hermann Fabian , Reich Barbara , Mack Matthias 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe have previously shown that basophils support humoral memory immune responses by increasing B cell proliferation and Ig production as well as inducing a Th2 and B helper phenotype in T cells. Based on the high frequency of basophils in spleen and bone marrow, in this study we investigated whether basophils also support plasma cell survival and Ig production. In the absence of basophils, plasma cells of naive or immunized mice rapidly undergo apoptosis in vitro and produce only low amounts of Igs. In contrast, in the presence of basophils and even more in the presence of activated basophils, the survival of plasma cells is markedly increased and continuous production of Igs enabled. This effect is partially dependent on IL-4 and IL-6 released from basophils. Similar results were obtained when total bone marrow cells or bone marrow cells depleted of basophils were cultured in the presence or absence of substances activating basophils. When basophils were depleted in vivo 6 mo after immunization with an Ag, specific Ig production in subsequent bone marrow cultures was significantly reduced. In addition, depletion of basophils for 18 d in naive mice significantly reduced the number of plasma cells in the spleen. These data indicate that basophils are important for survival of plasma cells in vitro and in vivo.
Biofabrication of Tissue‐Engineered Cartilage Constructs Through Faraday Wave Bioassembly of Cell‐Laden Gelatin Microcarriers
Authors: Zhu Jing , Luo Qiuchen , Yang Guang , Xiao Lin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAcoustic biofabrication is an emerging strategy in tissue engineering due to its mild and fast manufacturing process. Herein, tissue‐engineered cartilage constructs with high cell viability are fabricated from cell‐laden gelatin microcarriers (GMs) through Faraday wave bioassembly, a typical acoustic “bottom–up” manufacturing process. Assembly modules are first prepared by incorporating cartilage precursor cells, the chondrogenic cell line ATDC5, or bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), into GMs. Patterned structures are formed by Faraday wave bioassembly of the cell‐laden GMs. Due to the gentle and efficient assembly process and the protective effects of microcarriers, cells in the patterned structures maintain high activity. Subsequently, tissue‐engineered cartilage constructs are obtained by inducing cell differentiation of the patterned structures. Comprehensive evaluations are conducted to verify chondrocyte differentiation and the formation of cartilage tissue constructs in terms of cell viability, morphological analysis, gene expression, and matrix production. Finally, implantation studies with a rat cartilage defect model demonstrate that these tissue‐engineered cartilage constructs are beneficial for the repair of articular cartilage damage in vivo. This study provides the first biofabrication of cartilage tissue constructs using Faraday wave bioassembly, extending its application to engineering tissues with a low cell density.
Natural Hydrogels Support Kidney Organoid Generation and Promote In Vitro Angiogenesis
Authors: Garreta Elena , Moya‐Rull Daniel , Marco Andrés , Amato Gaia , Ullate‐Agote Asier , Tarantino Carolina , Gallo Maria , Esporrín‐Ubieto David , Centeno Alberto , Vilas‐Zornoza Amaia , Mestre Rafael , Kalil María , Gorroñogoitia Izar , Zaldua Ane Miren , Sanchez Samuel , Izquierdo Reyes Laura , Fernández‐Santos María Eugenia , Prosper Felipe , Montserrat Nuria 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo date, strategies aiming to modulate cell to extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions during organoid derivation remain largely unexplored. Here renal decellularized ECM (dECM) hydrogels are fabricated from porcine and human renal cortex as biomaterials to enrich cell‐to‐ECM crosstalk during the onset of kidney organoid differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Renal dECM‐derived hydrogels are used in combination with hPSC‐derived renal progenitor cells to define new approaches for 2D and 3D kidney organoid differentiation, demonstrating that in the presence of these biomaterials the resulting kidney organoids exhibit renal differentiation features and the formation of an endogenous vascular component. Based on these observations, a new method to produce kidney organoids with vascular‐like structures is achieved through the assembly of hPSC‐derived endothelial‐like organoids with kidney organoids in 3D. Major readouts of kidney differentiation and renal cell morphology are assessed exploiting these culture platforms as new models of nephrogenesis. Overall, this work shows that exploiting cell‐to‐ECM interactions during the onset of kidney differentiation from hPSCs facilitates and optimizes current approaches for kidney organoid derivation thereby increasing the utility of these unique cell culture platforms for personalized medicine.
One‐Shot Remote Integration of Macromolecular Synaptic Elements on a Chip for Ultrathin Flexible Neural Network System
Authors: Lee Jiyun , Lee Jaehoon , Bang Hyeonsu , Yoon Tae Woong , Ko Jong Hwan , Zhang Guobing , Park Ji‐Sang , Jeon Il , Lee Sungjoo , Kang Boseok 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe field of biomimetic electronics that mimic synaptic functions has expanded significantly to overcome the limitations of the von Neumann bottleneck. However, the scaling down of the technology has led to an increasingly intricate manufacturing process. To address the issue, this work presents a one‐shot integrable electropolymerization (OSIEP) method with remote controllability for the deposition of synaptic elements on a chip by exploiting bipolar electrochemistry. Condensing synthesis, deposition, and patterning into a single fabrication step is achieved by combining alternating‐current voltage superimposed on direct‐current voltage‐bipolar electropolymerization and a specially designed dual source/drain bipolar electrodes. As a result, uniform 6 × 5 arrays of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) channels are successfully fabricated on flexible ultrathin parylene substrates in one‐shot process. The channels exhibited highly uniform characteristics and are directly used as electrochemical synaptic transistor with synaptic plasticity over 100 s. The synaptic transistors have demonstrated promising performance in an artificial neural network (NN) simulation, achieving a high recognition accuracy of 95.20%. Additionally, the array of synaptic transistor is easily reconfigured to a multi‐gate synaptic circuit to implement the principles of operant conditioning. These results provide a compelling fabrication strategy for realizing cost‐effective and disposable NN systems with high integration density.
Carbonated Beverage Chemistry for High‐Voltage Battery Cathodes
Authors: Liao Hengyi , Cai Mingzhi , Ma Wenqin , Cao Yuge , Zhao Siwei , Dong Yanhao , Huang Fuqiang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAdvanced lithium‐ion batteries utilize high upper cut‐off voltages up to 4.8 V versus lithium metal to reach extraordinary energy densities. Such a harsh environment challenges the cathode stability and requires the construction of robust cathode electrolyte interphases at their electrochemical interface. Inspired by carbonated beverages with supersaturated CO2, here, a surface modification strategy that produces effective passivation layer of low modulus from the weakest link, is proposed CO2 bubbles preferentially nucleate and grow at rough surfaces, which in oxide cathodes, are also the local regions offering fast degradation pathway. Metal ion exchange on carbonated layer assists the construction of highly elastic interface under the guidance of packing factor. This method enables surface reconstruction at both primary and secondary particle levels for various cathodes exemplified by high‐voltage LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) and LiCoO2 (LCO). Remarkably, with ultra‐high upper cut‐off voltage of 4.8 V versus Li+/Li, over 235 mAh g−1 discharge capacity, and over 900 W h kg−1 discharge energy at cathode level, ≈90% capacity retention can be obtained for LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 over 100 cycles at 0.5 C with commercial carbonate electrolytes. This carbonated beverage chemistry is promising for constructing high‐quality surface passivation in many extreme‐condition applications beyond battery cathodes.
Thermal Shock Synthesis for Loading Sub‐2 nm Ru Nanoclusters on Titanium Nitride as a Remarkable Electrocatalyst toward Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Zong Lingbo , Lu Fenghong , Li Ping , Fan Kaicai , Zhan Tianrong , Liu Porun , Jiang Lixue , Chen Dehong , Zhang Ruiyong , Wang Lei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHeterogeneous catalysts embracing metal entities on suitable supports are profound in catalyzing various chemical reactions, and substantial synthetic endeavors in metal–support interaction modulation are made to enhance catalytic performance. Here, it is reported the loading of sub‐2 nm Ru nanocrystals (NCs) on titanium nitride support (HTS‐Ru‐NCs/TiN) via a special Ru–Ti interaction using the high‐temperature shock (HTS) method. Direct dechlorination of the adsorbed RuCl3, ultrafast nucleation process, and short coalescence duration at ultrahigh temperatures contribute to the immobilization of Ru NCs on TiN support via producing the Ru–Ti interfacial perimeter. HTS‐Ru‐NCs/TiN shows remarkable activity toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline solution, yielding ultralow overpotentials of 16.3 and 86.6 mV to achieve 10 and 100 mA cm−2, respectively. The alkaline and anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers assembled using HTS‐Ru‐NCs/TiN yield 1.0 A cm−2 at 1.65 and 1.67 V, respectively, which validate its applicability in the hydrogen production industry. Theoretical simulations reveal the favorable formation of Ru─O and Ti─H bonds at the interfacial perimeters between Ru NCs and TiN, which accelerates the prerequisite water dissociation kinetics for enhanced HER activity. This exemplified work motivates the design of specific interfacial perimeters via the HTS strategy to improve the performance of diverse catalysis.