bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Construction of Symmetric Mo/S/Ag Cluster Complexes from a Dinuclear Molybdnum Precursor [nPr4N]2[(edt)2Mo2O2(µ-S)2] (edt = -SCH2CH2S-)
Authors: Chen Meng-Ting , Liang Qing-Wen , Pan Song , Shi Hua-Tian , Jia Ai-Quan , Zhang Qian-Feng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In this paper, we have demonstrated that symmetric complexes [(edt)2Mo2O2(µ-S)2Ag2(dppm)2] (2, edt = 1,2-ethanedithiolate dianion, dppm = bis(diphenylphosphino)methane) and [(µ-Cl)2Ag4(µ3-Cl)2(dppm)2]·4DMF (3, DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide), were generated by combining a dinuclear molybdnum precursor [nPr4N]2[(edt)2Mo2O2(µ-S)2] (1) with two equimolar AgNO3 and dppm in DMF and CH2Cl2 mixed solutions. Treatment of complex 1 with AgBr in acetonitrile followed by addition of (NH4)2S produced a dodecanuclear Mo–Ag–S cage cluster [nPr4N]2[{Mo2Ag2S2O2(edt)2}3(µ6-S)]·1.5CH3CN (4). Complexes 2−4 have been characterized by were characterized by infrared, 1H NMR, UV-vis, and fluorescence spectroscopies. Moreover, molecular structures of complexes 2−4 have been established by single-crystal X-ray crystallography.
Monodispersed Mesoscopic Star-Shaped Gold Particles via Silver Ion-assisted Multi-directional Growth for Highly Sensitive SERS-active Substrates
Authors: Kim Sumin , Yoo Sunghoon , Nam Donghwan , Kim Hayoung , Hafner Jason Howord , Lee Seunghyun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) exploits localized surface plasmon resonances in metallic nanostructures to significantly amplify Raman signals and perform ultrasensitive analyses. A critical factor for SERS-based analysis systems is the formation of numerous electromagnetic hot spots within the nanostructures, which represent regions with highly concentrated fields emerging from excited localized surface plasmons. These intense hotspot fields can amplify the Raman signal by several orders of magnitude, facilitating analyte detection at extremely low concentrations and highly sensitive molecular identification at the single-nanoparticle level. In this study, mesoscopic star-shaped gold particles (gold mesostars) were synthesized using a three-step seed-mediated growth approach coupled with the addition of silver ions. Our study confirms the successful synthesis of gold mesostars with numerous sharp tips via the multi-directional growth effect induced by the underpotential deposition of silver adatoms (AgUPD) onto the gold surfaces. The AgUPD process affects the nanocrystal growth kinetics of the noble metal and its morphological evolution, thereby leading to intricate nanostructures with high-index facets and protruding tips or branches. Mesoscopic gold particles with a distinctive star-like morphology featuring multiple sharp projections from the central core were synthesized by exploiting this phenomenon. Sharp tips of the gold mesostars facilitate intense localized electromagnetic fields, which result in strong SERS enhancements at the single-particle level. Electromagnetic fields can be further enhanced by interparticle hot spots in addition to the intraparticle local field enhancements when arranged in multilayered arrays on substrates, rendering these arrays as highly efficient SERS-active substrates with improved sensitivity. Evaluation using Raman-tagged analytes revealed a higher SERS signal intensity compared to that of individual mesostars because of interparticle hot spots enhancements. These substrates enabled analyte detection at a concentration of 10− 9 M, demonstrating their remarkable sensitivity for trace analysis applications.
Wet bulb globe temperature from climate model outputs: a method for projecting hourly site-specific values and trends.
Authors: Patton Erik , Li Wenhong , Ward Ashley , Doyle Martin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Increasing temperature will impact future outdoor worker safety but quantifying this impact to develop local adaptations is challenging. Wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) is the preferred thermal index for regulating outdoor activities in occupational health, athletic, and military settings, but global circulation models (GCMs) have coarse spatiotemporal resolution and do not always provide outputs required to project the full diurnal range of WBGT. This article presents a novel method to project WBGT at local spatial and hourly temporal resolutions without many assumptions inherent in previous research. We calculate sub-daily future WBGT from GCM output and then estimate hourly WBGT based on a site-specific, historical diurnal cycles. We test this method against observations at U.S. Army installations and find results match closely. We then project hourly WBGT at these locations from January 1, 2025, to December 31, 2100, to quantify trends and estimate future periods exceeding outdoor activity modification thresholds. We find regional patterns affecting WBGT, suggesting accurately projecting WBGT demands a localized approach. Results show increased frequency of hours at high WBGT and, using U.S. military heat thresholds, we estimate impacts to future outdoor labor. By mid-century, some locations are projected to experience an average of 20 or more days each summer when outdoor labor will be significantly impacted. The method’s fine spatiotemporal resolution enables detailed analysis of WBGT projections, making it useful applied at specific locations of interest.
Integration of metabolomics methodologies for the development of predictive models for mortality risk in patients with severe COVID-19.
Authors: Cui Shanpeng , Han Qiuyuan , Zhang Ran , Li Yue , Li Ming , Liu Wenhua , Zheng Junbo , Wang Hongliang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The global spread of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has prompted the investigation of a predictive model for early mortality risk estimation in critical-type COVID-19 patients through the integration of metabolomics and clinical data using machine learning techniques in this study.
Methods
One hundred patients with severe COVID-19 infection, comprising 46 survivors and 53 non-survivors, were enrolled from the Second Hospital affiliated with Harbin Medical University. A predictive model was developed within 24 hours of admission utilizing blood metabolomics and clinical data. Differential metabolite analysis and other techniques were employed to identify relevant features. The performance of the models was evaluated by comparing the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). The ultimate predictive model underwent external validation with a cohort of 50 critical COVID-19 patients from the First Hospital affiliated with Harbin Medical University.
Results
Significant disparities in blood metabolomics and laboratory parameters were noted between individuals who survived and those who did not. Two metabolite indicators, Itaconic acid and 3-Oxalomalate, along with four laboratory tests (LYM, IL-6, PCT, and CRP), were identified as the six variables in all four models. The external validation set demonstrated that the KNN model exhibited the highest AUC of 0.935 among the four models. When considering a 50% risk of mortality threshold, the validation set displayed a sensitivity of 0.926 and a specificity of 0.934.
Conclusions
The prognostic outcome of COVID-19 patients is significantly influenced by the levels of Itaconic acid, 3-Oxalomalate, LYM, IL-6, PCT, and CRP upon admission. These six indicators can be utilized to assess the mortality risk in affected individuals.
Surgical Outcome for Tetralogy of Fallot in an African Setting; a Tanzanian Experience Using Retrospective Analysis of Hospital Data
Authors: Majani Naizihijwa , Sharau Godwin , Mlawi Vivienne , Kalezi Zawadi , Mongella Stella , Letara Nuru , Nkya Deogratias , Kubhoja Sulende , Chillo Pilly , Slieker Martijn , Grobbee Diederick , Mohammed Janabi , Kisenge Peter 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is typically treated in infancy but often done late in many resource-limited countries, jeopardizing surgical outcomes. This study examined the results of TOF repair surgery at the Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute (JKCI) in Tanzania, an emerging cardiac centre in Eastern Africa.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study of children <18 years with TOF post-surgical repair between 2019 and 2021 was conducted. Data on socio-demography, pre-and postoperative cardiac complications, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and hospital stay, and in-hospital and 30-day mortality were analyzed. Logistic regressions were employed to find the factors for mortality, ICU, and hospital stays.
Results: The I07 children operated on were majority male (62.3%), with a median age of 3.0 years (IQR: 2- 6). Almost all (90%) were underweight, with a mean BMI of 14.6 + 3.1 kg/m2. Only 18.7% were below one year of age. Haematocrits were high, with a median of 48.7 (IQR: 37.4-59.0). Bacterial sepsis was more common than surgical site infection (5.6% vs 0.9%). The median oxygen saturation was 81% (IQR:72-93). The median ICU stay was 72 hours (IQR:48-120), with ICU duration exceeding three days for most patients. The median hospital stay was 8.5 days (IQR:7-11), with 66% experiencing an extended hospital stay of > 7 days. The in-hospital mortality rate was 10.3%, with no deaths occurring in children less than one year of age nor after discharge during the 30-day follow-up period. No statistically significant differences were observed in outcomes in relation to clinical and demographic characteristics.
Conclusion: TOF repairs in an African setting face challenges associated with patients' older age and compromised nutritional status during the surgery. Perioperative mortality rates and morbidity for patients operated at an older age remain elevated. It’s important to address these issues to improve outcomes in these settings.
Adjunctive corticosteroids therapy for Pneumocystis pneumonia with ARDS in non-HIV immunocompromised patients：a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Li Xu-Yan , Guan Lujia , Tang Xiao , Wang Rui , Li Ying , Tong Zhao-Hui , Sun Bing , Wang Chen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background Adjuvant corticosteroids are effective in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) patients, but the effectiveness of adjuvant corticosteroids in non-HIV PCP remained controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of steroids in non-HIV PCP patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
Methods This retrospective observational study included non-HIV PCP patients with ARDS admitted to the respiratory intensive care unit (RICU) of Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital from 2015 to 2022 were included. We compared demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes between patients who received a 21-day course of standard-dose steroids and those who received low-dose steroids. Kaplan-Meier curve and log-rank test were performed to compare the survival time between standard-dose steroid and low-dose steroid patients. Cox regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for 28- and 60-day mortality.
Results A total of 105 non-HIV PCP with ARDS were identified, 48 in the 21-day course of standard-dose steroid group (66.7% male, 50.5±12.6 years) and 57 in the low-dose steroid group(61.4% male, 55.5±14.2 years). 60-day mortality was significantly different between the two groups (63.2% vs 48.3%, p=0.04), but 28-day mortality was not (50.8% vs 35.4%, p=0.11). After adjustment for confounders, 60-day mortality (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.415, 95% confidence interval: 0.227-0.760) was lower in the 21-day standard-dose steroid group compared with those in the low-dose steroid group. 21-day standard-dose steroids were associated with lower 60-day mortality in patients aged<65 years, no smokers, requiring mechanical ventilation, lactic dehydrogenase≥ 495U/L, and PaO2/FiO2 ratio<150mmHg. There were no differences in co-infections and gastrointestinal bleeding between the two groups.
Conclusions In conclusion, the 21-day standard-dose steroids therapy significantly reduced 60-day mortality without major complications in the non-HIV immunocompromised population with severe PCP with ARDS.
The impact of Telephone-based Telemedicine on unplanned hospital visits and mortality risk during the COVID-19 pandemic: A study from a middle-income country
Authors: Sura-amonrattana Unchana , Kertkiatkachorn Kasemsan , Sainimnuan Supawadee , Preechitkul Rinrada , Petchthai Ponnapa , Leelahavarong Pattara , Jantaraprapan Jeeranan , Pitiyarn Sutisa , Siriussawakul Arunotai , Srinonpras Varalak , Permpikul Chairat 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:Providing care via telemedicine has been suggested worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic. A new care model and service flow using telephone-based telemedicine (2T SAVE-COVID project) was established to provide care for patients at the Department of Medicine during the pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of patients after receiving care through telemedicine in the project.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to compare clinical outcomes of patients receiving telemedicine compared to routine care at the outpatient clinics from April 2020 to November 2021. All-cause mortality was obtained from the hospital database and the civil registration. The outcomes were the incidence of unplanned visits and mortality rate compared between groups.
Findings: 16,395 patients received telemedicine under the 2T SAVE-COVID project and 32,380 patients were matched in the routine care group. The 2T group had higher age, the number of medications used and dementia diagnosis. The 2T group demonstrated a significantly lower risk of experiencing unplanned hospital visits with adjusted HR 0.22 (95%CI 0.21-0.23, p value <0.001). The patients in the geriatric clinic receiving telemedicine also had lower risk of unplanned hospital visits with adjusted HR 0.23 (95%CI 0.20-0.27).
Interpretation:The use of telemedicine showed benefits in reducing unplanned hospital visits for older patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. This successful strategy of implementing telephone-based telemedicine for carefully chosen groups of patients could potentially expand to other service areas in resource-limited settings.
Funding:Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Grant Number (IO) R016531029.
Blood molybdenum level as a marker of cancer risk among BRCA1 carriers
Authors: Matuszczak Milena , Kiljańczyk Adam , Marciniak Wojciech , Derkacz Róża , Stempa Klaudia , Baszuk Piotr , Bryśkiewicz Marta , Cybulski Cezary , Dębniak Tadeusz , Gronwald Jacek , Huzarski Tomasz , Lener Marcin , Jakubowska Anna , Pietrzak Sandra , Szwiec Marek , Stawicka-Niełacna Małgorzata , Godlewski Dariusz , Prusaczyk Artur , Jasiewicz Andrzej , Kluz Tomasz , Tomiczek-Szwiec Joanna , Kobierzycka Ewa Kilar- , Siołek Monika , Wiśniowski Rafał , Posmyk Renata , Jarkiewicz-Tretyn Joanna , Sun Ping , Cheriyan Angela , Scott Rodney , Narod Steven , Lubinski Jan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose:A large proportion of ovarian and breast cancer cases are due to genetic predisposition. Women with a mutation in the BRCA1 gene have an up to an 80% chance of developing breast cancer and 40% chance of developing ovarian cancer. No studies to date assess exposure to molybdenum and cancer risk. The purpose of our study was to see if exposure to molybdenum modifies cancer risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers.
Material and Methods: The study included 989 initially unaffected women with a BRCA1 mutation. The mean follow-up time was 6.8 years. During this time, 172 cancers occurred including 121 breast, 29 ovarian and 22 cancers at other sites. The cohort was stratified into three categories (tertiles) based on the blood level of molybdenum (<0.54 µg/L, 0.54-0.70 µg/L and >0.70 µg/L) with the lowest tertile forming the reference group. Cox proportional hazards models were used to model the association between blood molybdenum levels and cancer incidence.
Results:A high blood molybdenum level (>0.70 µg/L) was associated with a significantly increased risk of developing ovarian cancer (HR = 5.55; 95%CI: 1.59-19.4; p = 0.007) and of any cancer (HR = 1.74; 95%CI: 1.17-2.61; p = 0.007) but not of breast cancer (HR = 1.46, CI= 0.91-2.33; p = 0.12).
Conclusion:It is possible that lowering molybdenum levels may reduce the risk of cancer among women with a pathogenic germline variant in BRCA1.
Influence of the type of antiretroviral treatment on the time to reach high pharmacotherapy complexity in people living with HIV
Authors: Macías Enrique Contreras , Cortés María de las Aguas Robustillo , Ramos José Ramón Blanco , Verdugo Ramón Morillo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: The primary objective was to assess the impact of antiretroviral treatment (ARV) on the duration required to achieve a high medication regimen complexity index (MRCI) in people living with HIV (PLWH).
Methods: A single-centre observational analytical research study was conducted, including adult PLWH on ARV from January 2010 to December 2022, who were treated in the hospital pharmacy. An analysis of the time to reach the MRCI value ≥11.25 was performed, followed by a Cox regression model to determine the influence of ARV on high pharmacotherapeutic complexity.
Results: A total of 789 PLWH were included, with a medium age of 52 years (interquartile range: 45-58 years). Overall, 195 patients had an MRCI value ≥11.25 with a mean time to reach it of 181.86 months (95%CI: 176.24 - 187.49 months). Significant differences were observed in sex, advanced age, AIDS stage, presence of comorbidities, polypharmacy, and ARV-related variables. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model showed that INSTI-containing regimens (HR: 1.83; 95CI: 1.08-3.10) and NNRTI-based regimens (HR: 0.72; 95CI: 0.52-0.98) influenced the time until high pharmacotherapeutic complexity was reached.
Conclusions: In summary, regimens composed of 2 NRTI + NNRTI showed a protective effect in the development of high pharmacotherapeutic complexity compared to 2 NRTI + INSTI, which is identified as a risk factor. These conclusions were derived from the patient profile that included advanced age and high prevalence of both comorbidities and polypharmacy. Therefore, identifying high complexity allows us to implement pharmacotherapeutic optimization strategies to improve your health outcomes.
Cathepsins Influence Metastatic Liver Cancer via Plasma Proteins: a Mendelian randomization Study
Authors: Yi Taijun , Lin Zejin , Zhong Chengrui , Mai Ziyan , Liang Yongling , Chen Zhiping , Wu Jiayan , Lin Zeyu , Yu Jiandong , Lin Zhu , Jin Huilin , Wan Yunle , Li Guolin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Cathepsins (CTSs), lysosomal cysteine proteases, have been reported to play roles in the initiation, infiltration, and dissemination of tumors in previous researches. However, the precise causal relationship between CTSs and metastatic liver cancer (MLC) remains undetermined. This study aimed to investigate the potential causal relationship between CTSs and MLC, as well as to examine the mediating effect of plasma proteins in this relationship, ultimately establishing a causal network among them.
Methods: Data were obtained from genome-wide association analysis (GWAS). Inverse variance weighting (IVW), Bayesian weighting (BW), MR-Egger regression, Weighted median (WM) and MR-conmix methods were employed for Mendelian randomization (MR) Analysis. Sensitivity analysis included Cochran's Q test, Mr-Egger intercept, MR-PRESSO test and leave-one-out validation.
Results: Univariable MR revealed that an increase in CTSF (cathepsin F), CTSD (cathepsin D), and CSTV (cathepsin V) was associated with a reduced risk of MLC among 11 CTSs. While reverse MR did not yield significant findings. And total of 42 plasma proteins were identified to have a causal relationship with MLC, among which 13 types were found to mediate the association between the 3 CTSs and MLC.
Conclusions: Our study suggests a potential causal relationship involving 3 CTSs, 13 plasma proteins, and MLC. These results provide valuable references for disease prediction, targeted therapy and mechanistic research of MLC.
Gene expression profile comparison of primary and pulmonary metastatic lesions in a dog with appendicular osteosarcoma and hypertrophic osteopathy
Authors: Kitagawa Keita , Dryfhout Jessica , Engleberg Alexander I. , Yang Ya-Ting , Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan Vilma , Saavedra Paulo Vilar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Hypertrophic osteopathy (HO) is a paraneoplastic syndrome, and the most notable cause in dogs is pulmonary metastatic osteosarcoma (OSA). Although many molecular factors in canine OSA have been shown in metastasis, little is known about the gene expression profile of HO secondary to metastatic OSA. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the gene expression profiles between primary and metastatic OSA lesions from the same dog and to look for gene expression changes that can elucidate the molecular mechanism of metastases and HO. Tumoral samples were obtained from a 2-year-old, intact male, Labrador retriever. At the first visit, the patient presented with an appendicular OSA as the primary lesion. About 10 months later, the dog developed HO due to a single pulmonary metastasis. Using these primary and metastatic samples from the same dog, as well as normal canine osteoblasts, we investigated the gene expression profiling using the NanoString nCounter® Canine IO panel. A total of 180 differentially expressed genes were identified between malignant OSA cells and non-malignant canine osteoblasts. Furthermore, 5 genes (CCL17, VEGFC, C3, C4BPA, and FOS) were differentially expressed in comparison between primary and metastatic OSA samples. CCL17 and VEGFC were upregulated in the primary lesion compared to the metastatic lesion, while C3, C4BPA, and FOS were downregulated in the primary lesion relative to the metastatic lesion. Given that the metastatic lesion was relevant to the development of HO, the different gene expression profiles may be relevant to understanding the pathophysiology of HO.
Analyze of children who has laser photocoagulation treatment due to retinopathy of prematurity by optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Oruç Selin Deniz , Mayalı Hüseyin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Our aim is to compare the long-term retinal structural changes between children treated for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), children with ROP that spontaneously regressed, and healthy children by using optic coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).
Methods
Our study is a retrospective cross-sectional comparative study. The study included four groups: 35 eyes of 20 patients who underwent laser photocoagulation, 35 eyes of 20 patients who regressed without treatment, 38 eyes of 20 premature babies without ROP and 37 eyes of 21 healthy term-born children as control group. Superficial capillary plexus vessel density (SCP-VD), deep capillary plexus vessel density (DCP-VD), foveal avascular zone (FAZ), central macular thickness (CMT), foveal diameter and depth were analyzed by OCTA.
Results
Children with ROP were shown to have significantly higher fovea SCP-VD, fovea DCP-VD, and CMT, and decreased FAZ area. The mean foveal diameter and foveal pit depth were found to be smallest in laser treated group. Low gestational age (GA) and birth weight (BW) were associated with increased foveal SCP and DCP vessel density and decreased whole SCP and DCP vessel density. Reduced FAZ area was correlated to smaller foveal size and higher CMT, foveal SCP and DCP vessel density.
Conclusion
ROP causes an impairment of microvascular features such as the macular capillary plexus density and FAZ area. It's possible that some of these modifications are secondary to laser therapy.