bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Focusing on experts: Expectations of healthcare professionals regarding the use of telemedicine in intensive care units
Authors: Eitenberger Magdalena , Gerger Gernot , Klomfar Sophie , Gabriel Marcus Alexander , Kletecka-Pulker Maria , Schaden Eva , Atanasov Atanas G , Maleczek Mathias , Völkl-Kernstock Sabine , Klager Elisabeth 
Published: June 2024

Objectives Telemedical applications are solutions to challenges in the healthcare system. However, it is unclear what intensive care unit healthcare professionals expect from such solutions. This study investigated the expectations and concerns of nurses and physicians when implementing telemedicine tools in intensive care units (tele-ICU). Methods The study was conducted in intensive care units in 2020 during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. It used a mixed-methods approach targeted at physicians and nurses and involved 14 qualitative interviews and 63 quantitative questionnaires. Results The qualitative and quantitative data showed that both nurses and physicians were willing to use tele-ICU. Nurses recognised the advantages of real-time access to expertise offered by tele-ICU, but feared this would reduce physicians’ on-site patient time. Physicians, in turn, were concerned that they would be expected to be continuously on call. The majority in both groups agreed that any tele-ICU solution must be simple to use and integrate easily into existing organisational structures, networks, and work routines. Additionally, COVID-19 significantly influenced expectations: those who reported having more personal health concerns during the pandemic were more predisposed to favour the use of tele-ICU. Conclusions Overall, tele-ICU supports better care, but a successful implementation depends on its ease of use and context-sensitive approaches. Effectively integrating tele-ICU solutions into daily clinical routines requires input from nurses and physicians and their involvement in the implementation process from the outset, as well as consideration of existing organisational structures. Such measures will vastly increase the chance of acceptance and successful adoption of telemedical solutions in clinical practice.
Autograft Versus Allograft in Posterolateral Corner Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Kern Kent , Sanii Ryan , Peterson James C , Menge Travis 
Published: June 2024

Background: Several approaches to surgical techniques and graft types exist in posterolateral corner (PLC) reconstruction. The literature lacks knowledge regarding outcomes after autograft versus allograft reconstruction for PLC injuries. Purpose: To comprehensively review the current literature on PLC reconstruction and compare outcomes between autograft and allograft tissues. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: The PubMed and Scopus online databases were searched with the terms “PLC,”“posterolateral knee,”“posterolateral corner,” and “reconstruction” in varying combinations. Patient characteristics, graft type, graft failure, surgical techniques, functional outcome scores, and varus laxity on stress radiographs were reviewed and compared between PLC reconstruction with autografts versus allografts. Results: Included were 22 studies comprising 33 cohorts: 16 autografts (n = 280 knees) and 17 allografts (336 knees). There were 69 isolated PLC reconstructions (58 allografts and 11 autografts) and 493 multiligament reconstructions (269 autografts and 224 allografts). There was no difference in the mean patient age (30.5 vs 33.5 years, respectively; P = .11) or mean follow-up (39.5 vs 37.7 months, respectively; P = .68) between the autograft and allograft groups. There was no evidence to suggest a difference in graft failures between graft types (pooled mean autograft vs allograft: 0.44 vs 0.41 failures; P = .95). There was a significant difference in the mean postoperative Lysholm scores for autografts versus allografts (89.6 vs 85.5, respectively; P = .04). There was no difference between the cohorts in preoperative or postoperative International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores or postoperative varus laxity. Conclusion: Our review and meta-analysis indicated no significant differences in graft failure rates or objective outcomes after PLC reconstruction based on graft type alone. There was a significant difference in postoperative Lysholm scores in favor of the autograft group and no significant difference in IKDC subjective scores.
3D Tortuosity computation as a shape descriptor and its application to brain structure analysis
Authors: Mateos Maria-Julieta , Bribiesca Ernesto , Guzmán-Arenas Adolfo , Aguilar Wendy , Marquez-Flores Jorge A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this study, we propose a novel method for quantifying tortuosity in 3D voxelized objects. As a shape characteristic, tortuosity has been widely recognized as a valuable feature in image analysis, particularly in the field of medical imaging. Our proposed method extends the two-dimensional approach of the Slope Chain Code (SCC) which creates a one-dimensional representation of curves. The utility of 3D tortuosity ($$\tau _{3D}$$

τ

3
D

) as a shape descriptor was investigated by characterizing brain structures. The results of the $$\tau _{3D}$$

τ

3
D

computation on the central sulcus and the main lobes revealed significant differences between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients and control subjects, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for AD. We found a $$p<0.05$$

p
<
0.05

for the left central sulcus and the four brain lobes.
The role of internet addiction and academic resilience in predicting the mental health of high school students in Tehran
Authors: Latifian Maryam , Aarabi Mahta Alsadat , Esmaeili Sahar , Abdi Kianoush , Raheb Ghoncheh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The World Health Organization defines mental health as a combination of two dimensions: the negative dimension, or negative mental health, which indicates the presence of mental disorders, symptoms, and problems, and the positive dimension, or positive mental health, which includes emotions and positive personal characteristics such as self-esteem, resilience against environmental challenges, a sense of integrity, and self-efficacy. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of internet addiction and academic resilience in predicting the mental health of high school students in Tehran, Iran.

Method
The research method employed was a survey. 758 people participated in the study, and the samples consisted of high school students in Tehran during the academic year 2022–2023. The process of collecting information was carried out by distributing the questionnaire link through virtual networks and schools. The research utilized Young’s Internet Addiction Test, Samuels’ Academic Resilience Inventory, and Goldberg’s Mental Health Questionnaire as the research tools. Statistical tests, including Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression analysis, were employed to investigate the relationships between variables.

Result
The effect of internet addiction on mental health (ß=0.39) is negative and significant at the 0.001 level, while the effect of academic resilience on mental health (ß=0.66) is positive and significant at the 0.001 level. These two variables collectively predict 53% of the variance in students’ mental health. This indicates that as internet addiction increases among students, their mental health significantly decreases, whereas higher levels of academic resilience correspond to higher mental health.

Conclusions
This study has elucidated the role of internet addiction and academic resilience in predicting the mental health of high school students in Tehran. Given the significance of adolescent mental health, it is imperative for healthcare professionals and other stakeholders to develop intervention and prevention models to address mental health crises and plan for the enhancement of adolescent mental health.
Association between childhood trauma and Internet gaming disorder: a moderated mediation analysis with depression as a mediator and psychological resilience as a moderator
Authors: Liu Qian , Ouyang Lijun , Fan Lejia , Liao Aijun , Li Zongchang , Chen Xiaogang , Yuan Liu , He Ying 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The effect of childhood trauma on Internet gaming disorder remains unclear. In this study, we examined this association in Chinese students and explored the possible associated roles of psychological resilience and depression.

Methods
In total, 8,579 students from Hunan Province, China, provided information regarding their sociodemographic factors, history of childhood trauma, any symptoms of depression, psychological resilience, and characteristics of Internet gaming disorder for this cross-sectional study. The impact of childhood trauma on Internet gaming disorder, as well as the extent to which it was mediated by depression and moderated by psychological resilience was evaluated.

Results
The influence of childhood trauma on Internet gaming disorder was partially mediated by depression (B = 0.07, 95% CI [0.04, 0.05], p < 0.001), with psychological resilience acting as a mitigating factor (B = -0.002, 95% CI [13.74, 21.72], p < 0.001). Psychological resilience also moderated the association between childhood trauma and depression (B = − 0.003, 95% CI [22.17, 28.10], p < 0.001). Our moderated mediation model elucidated psychosocial mechanisms, revealing the underlying link between childhood trauma and Internet gaming disorder. It also demonstrated the partial mediating role of depression and modulating role of psychological resilience among Chinese students.

Conclusions
Education and interventions, along with effective social support, should be provided to enhance students’ psychological resilience and prevent childhood trauma and depression.
Association between exposure to metalworking fluid aerosols, occupational noise and chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study in China
Authors: Zhou Li , Wu Beining , Tang Minzhu , Li Geyang , Chan Weiling , Song Lin , Wang Jin , Zhu Lejia , Lin Lan , Lian Yulong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) carries a high public health burden yet little is known about the relationship between metalworking fluid (MWF) aerosols, occupational noise and CKD. We aimed to explore the relationship between occupational MWF aerosols, occupational noise and CKD.

Methods
A total of 2,738 machinists were sampled from three machining companies in Wuxi, China, in 2022. We used the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) method 5524 to collect individual samples for MWF aerosols exposure, and the Chinese national standard (GBZ/T 189.8–2007) method to test individual occupational noise exposure. The diagnostic criteria for CKD were urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR) of ≥ 30 mg/g and reduced renal function (eGFR < 60 mL.min− 1. 1.73 m− 2) lasting longer than 3 months. Smooth curve fitting was conducted to analyze the associations of MWF aerosols and occupational noise with CKD. A segmented regression model was used to analyze the threshold effects.

Results
Workers exposed to MWF aerosols (odds ratio [OR] = 2.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.21–3.41) and occupational noise (OR = 1.77, 95%CI: 1.06–2.96) had higher prevalence of CKD than nonexposed workers. A nonlinear and positive association was found between increasing MWF aerosols and occupational noise dose and the risk of CKD. When daily cumulative exposure dose of MWF aerosols exceeded 8.03 mg/m3, the OR was 1.24 (95%CI: 1.03–1.58), and when occupational noise exceeded 87.22 dB(A), the OR was 1.16 (95%CI: 1.04–1.20). In the interactive analysis between MWF aerosols and occupational noise, the workers exposed to both MWF aerosols (cumulative exposure ≥ 8.03 mg/m3-day) and occupational noise (LEX,8 h ≥ 87.22 dB(A)) had an increased prevalence of CKD (OR = 2.71, 95%CI: 1.48–4.96). MWF aerosols and occupational noise had a positive interaction in prevalence of CKD.

Conclusions
Occupational MWF aerosols and noise were positively and nonlinearly associated with CKD, and cumulative MWF aerosols and noise exposure showed a positive interaction with CKD. These findings emphasize the importance of assessing kidney function of workers exposed to MWF aerosols and occupational noise. Prospective and longitudinal cohort studies are necessary to elucidate the causality of these associations.
Oral health knowledge, literacy and behavior of pregnant women: a qualitative study in a northeastern province of Thailand
Authors: Phoosuwan Nitikorn , Bunnatee Pimchanok , Lundberg Pranee C. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Pregnancy is a unique period of women’s lives, and oral health is an important public health indicator during this period. Pregnant women have increased vulnerability to oral health problems. The study aimed to describe oral health knowledge, literacy and behavior of pregnant women in a northeastern province of Thailand.

Methods
A descriptive study was used. Twenty pregnant women who attended antenatal care clinics of eight public hospitals in the province were recruited by use of purposive sampling. They participated voluntarily in individual interview. The Health Belief Model was used as conception framework. All data were transcribed and subjected to content analysis.

Results
Five categories emerged: Misbelief and lack of knowledge, Oral health problems and dental care seeking, Oral health information from different persons, Self-care management of oral health, and Fear of and anxiety towards dental treatment. The findings showed that low knowledge of need for treatment, little importance to oral health and low priority of dental needs affect the demand for dental care. Fear of and anxiety towards dental treatment were the results of negative past experiences of neglecting dental care. Some women perceived health benefits of practicing self-care of oral health during pregnancy.

Conclusion
The findings help to better understand the oral health issues of pregnant women and provide baseline information for oral health promotion. Such promotion and culturally appropriate care should be integrated in maternal health education classes.
DREAMER: a computational framework to evaluate readiness of datasets for machine learning
Authors: Ahangaran Meysam , Zhu Hanzhi , Li Ruihui , Yin Lingkai , Jang Joseph , Chaudhry Arnav P. , Farrer Lindsay A. , Au Rhoda , Kolachalama Vijaya B. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Machine learning (ML) has emerged as the predominant computational paradigm for analyzing large-scale datasets across diverse domains. The assessment of dataset quality stands as a pivotal precursor to the successful deployment of ML models. In this study, we introduce DREAMER (Data REAdiness for MachinE learning Research), an algorithmic framework leveraging supervised and unsupervised machine learning techniques to autonomously evaluate the suitability of tabular datasets for ML model development. DREAMER is openly accessible as a tool on GitHub and Docker, facilitating its adoption and further refinement within the research community..

Results
The proposed model in this study was applied to three distinct tabular datasets, resulting in notable enhancements in their quality with respect to readiness for ML tasks, as assessed through established data quality metrics. Our findings demonstrate the efficacy of the framework in substantially augmenting the original dataset quality, achieved through the elimination of extraneous features and rows. This refinement yielded improved accuracy across both supervised and unsupervised learning methodologies.

Conclusion
Our software presents an automated framework for data readiness, aimed at enhancing the integrity of raw datasets to facilitate robust utilization within ML pipelines. Through our proposed framework, we streamline the original dataset, resulting in enhanced accuracy and efficiency within the associated ML algorithms.
Improving the enzymatic activity and stability of N-carbamoyl hydrolase using deep learning approach
Authors: Zhang Fa , Naeem Muhammad , Yu Bo , Liu Feixia , Ju Jiansong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Optically active D-amino acids are widely used as intermediates in the synthesis of antibiotics, insecticides, and peptide hormones. Currently, the two-enzyme cascade reaction is the most efficient way to produce D-amino acids using enzymes DHdt and DCase, but DCase is susceptible to heat inactivation. Here, to enhance the enzymatic activity and thermal stability of DCase, a rational design software “Feitian” was developed based on kcat prediction using the deep learning approach.

Results
According to empirical design and prediction of “Feitian” software, six single-point mutants with high kcat value were selected and successfully constructed by site-directed mutagenesis. Out of six, three mutants (Q4C, T212S, and A302C) showed higher enzymatic activity than the wild-type. Furthermore, the combined triple-point mutant DCase-M3 (Q4C/T212S/A302C) exhibited a 4.25-fold increase in activity (29.77 ± 4.52 U) and a 2.25-fold increase in thermal stability as compared to the wild-type, respectively. Through the whole-cell reaction, the high titer of D-HPG (2.57 ± 0.43 mM) was produced by the mutant Q4C/T212S/A302C, which was about 2.04-fold of the wild-type. Molecular dynamics simulation results showed that DCase-M3 significantly enhances the rigidity of the catalytic site and thus increases the activity of DCase-M3.

Conclusions
In this study, an efficient rational design software “Feitian” was successfully developed with a prediction accuracy of about 50% in enzymatic activity. A triple-point mutant DCase-M3 (Q4C/T212S/A302C) with enhanced enzymatic activity and thermostability was successfully obtained, which could be applied to the development of a fully enzymatic process for the industrial production of D-HPG.
Characterization of EpCAM in thyroid cancer biology by three-dimensional spheroids in vitro model
Authors: Ghiandai Viola , Grassi Elisa Stellaria , Gazzano Giacomo , Fugazzola Laura , Persani Luca 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy. Nowadays, undifferentiated thyroid cancers (UTCs) are still lethal, mostly due to the insurgence of therapy resistance and disease relapse. These events are believed to be caused by a subpopulation of cancer cells with stem-like phenotype and specific tumor-initiating abilities, known as tumor-initiating cells (TICs). A comprehensive understanding of how to isolate and target these cells is necessary. Here we provide insights into the role that the protein Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM), a known TICs marker for other solid tumors, may have in TC biology, thus considering EpCAM a potential marker of thyroid TICs in UTCs.

Methods
The characterization of EpCAM was accomplished through Western Blot and Immunofluorescence on patient-derived tissue samples, adherent cell cultures, and 3D sphere cultures of poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) cell lines. The frequency of tumor cells with putative tumor-initiating ability within the 3D cultures was assessed through extreme limiting dilution analysis (ELDA). EpCAM proteolytic cleavages were studied through treatments with different cleavages’ inhibitors. To evaluate the involvement of EpCAM in inducing drug resistance, Vemurafenib (PLX-4032) treatments were assessed through MTT assay.

Results
Variable EpCAM expression pattern was observed in TC tissue samples, with increased cleavage in the more UTC. We demonstrated that EpCAM is subjected to an intense cleavage process in ATC-derived 3D tumor spheres and that the 3D model faithfully mimics what was observed in patient’s samples. We also proved that the integrity of the protein appears to be crucial for the generation of 3D spheres, and its expression and cleavage in a 3D system could contribute to drug resistance in thyroid TICs.

Conclusions
Our data provide novel information on the role of EpCAM expression and cleavage in the biology of thyroid TICs, and our 3D model reflects the variability of EpCAM cleavage observed in tissue samples. EpCAM evaluation could play a role in clinical decisions regarding patient therapy since its expression and cleavage may have a fundamental role in the switch to a drug-resistant phenotype of UTC cells.
Association between blood lipids and diabetes mellitus in older Chinese adults aged 65 years or older: a cross-sectional analysis of residents’ electronic health records
Authors: Lin Tianxiang , Zhao Yanrong , Yang Qing , Wang Wei , Jiang Xuewen , Qiu Yinwei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Aim
This study aimed to investigate how blood lipids are associated with diabetes among older Chinese adults.

Methods
3,268,928 older Chinese adults without known diabetes were included. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were conducted to study associations between blood lipids (total cholesterol [TC], triglycerides [TG], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C]) and diabetes.

Results
202,832 diabetes cases were included. Compared with the lowest quintiles, TC, TG, and LDL-C in the highest quintiles showed a higher diabetes prevalence risk and HDL-C presented a lower risk in multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the highest quintiles of TC, TG, and HDL-C were 1.39 (1.37–1.41), 2.56 (2.52–2.60), and 0.73 (0.72–0.74), respectively. For LDL-C, 3–5% lower risk was found in the second and third quintiles, and 4–23% higher risk was found in the fourth and fifth quintiles. RCS curves showed a non-linear relationship between each blood lipid parameters and diabetes (P-non-linear < 0.001). TG and HDL-C curves presented monotonically increasing and L-shaped patterns, respectively, whereas TC and LDL-C curves exhibited a J-shaped pattern. When TC < 4.04 mmol/L or LDL-C < 2.33 mmol/L, ORs of diabetes increased with the decrease of corresponding indexes. However, after excluding participants with lower LDL-C, the J-shaped association with TC disappeared.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates non-linear associations between lipids and diabetes. Low cholesterol levels are associated with a high risk of diabetes. The cholesterol paradox should be considered during lipid-lowering treatments.