bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Best‐practice recommendations for estimating interaction effects using meta‐analysis
Authors: Aguinis Herman , Gottfredson Ryan K. , Wright Thomas A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractOne of the key advantages of meta‐analysis (i.e., a quantitative literature review) over a narrative literature review is that it allows for formal tests of interaction effects—namely, whether the relationship between two variables is contingent upon the value of another (moderator) variable. Interaction effects play a central role in organizational science research because they highlight boundary conditions of a theory: Conditions under which relationships change in strength and/or direction. This article describes procedures for estimating interaction effects using meta‐analysis, distills the technical literature for a general readership of organizational science researchers, and includes specific best‐practice recommendations regarding actions researchers can take before and after data collection to improve the accuracy of substantive conclusions regarding interaction effects investigated meta‐analytically. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Changing rainfall, seasonality and erosivity in the hyper‐arid zone of Sudan
Authors: Elagib N. A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA primary cause of soil erosion is the impact of rain. Therefore, understanding the altering rainfall characteristics and their effect on soil erosion is an issue of main concern. This is of utmost importance to contribute to developing suitable adaptation and mitigation strategies for soil and water resources conservation and crop management practices.The rainfall seasonality index (SI), precipitation concentration index (PCI) and modified Fournier index (MFI) for rainfall erosivity have been calculated and analysed in this study for the hyper‐arid region of Sudan. The data used consist of monthly rainfall measurements spanning over 60 years for three index meteorological stations, two on the Nile corridor and one on the Red Sea coast. The region is characterized by high year‐to‐year variability in rainfall leading to extreme seasonality/irregular distribution of rainfall over the year. Although prevalent diminishing rainfall amounts have been witnessed, there are marked tendencies for some months to become wetter, indicating changing intra‐annual rainfall variability and thus monthly rainfall erosivity. No statistically significant trends were observed in rainfall seasonality and concentration during the common data period of 1945–2007. Cases of high and very high erosion powers were detected. A significant decreasing trend in erosivity is shown for one inland station. A brief discussion on the implications of these results for risk of soil erosion, freshwater quality and agriculture is also given. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Au/CdS Hybrid Nanoparticles in Block Copolymer Micellar Shells
Authors: Koh Haeng‐Deog , Changez Mohammad , Lee Jae‐Suk 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA polystyrene‐block‐poly(2‐vinylpyridine) (PS‐b‐P2VP) micellar structure with a P2VP core containing 5 nm CdS nanoparticles (NPs) and a PS shell formed in toluene that is a good solvent for PS block undergoes the core‐shell inversion by excess addition of methanol that is a good solvent for P2VP block. It leads to the formation of micellar shell‐embedded CdS NPs in the methanol major phase. The spontaneous crystalline growth of Au NPs on the CdS surfaces positioned at micellar shells without a further reduction process is newly demonstrated. The nanostructure of Au/CdS/PS‐b‐P2VP hybrid NPs is confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray, and UV‐Vis absorption.magnified image
Influence of spray forming process parameters on the microstructure and porosity of Mg2Si rich aluminum alloys
Authors: Ellendt N. , Stelling O. , Uhlenwinkel V. , von Hehl A. , Krug P. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDue to high cooling rates spray forming is an appropriate process to produce aluminum alloys with a high content of Mg2Si. Compared to common casting processes, a fine microstructure can be achieved yielding in improved mechanical properties. In this work, billets were spray formed from the two alloys AlMg15Si8Cu2 (22 mass‐% Mg2Si) and AlMg20.5Si11Cu2 (30 mass‐% Mg2Si) under different spraying conditions. The analysis of the microstructure showed that the size of Mg2Si dispersoids is very sensitive to process parameters. Besides the well known thermal effects of melt superheat (carried out from –40 K to +170 K) and GMR (varied from 2.0 to 6.3) a strong influence of the scanning frequency of the atomizer nozzle (7 Hz and 15 Hz) could be observed. Similar effects could be found for the occurrence of porosity. A new parameter, the enthalpy flow to gas flow ratio (EGR), was defined from these two parameters of which correlations of Mg2Si dispersoid size and amount of porosity were found.Auf Grund der hohen auftretenden Abkühlraten ist das Sprühkompaktieren ein geeigneter Prozess zur Herstellung von Aluminium‐Legierungen mit hohen Gehalten an Mg2Si. Im Vergleich zu konventionellen Gießverfahren ergibt sich eine deutlich feinere Mikrostruktur mit entsprechend verbesserten mechanischen Eigenschaften. In den durchgeführten Untersuchungen wurden Bolzen aus den Legierungen AlMg15Si8Cu2 (22 Massen‐% Mg2Si) und AlMg20,5Si11Cu2 (30 Massen‐% Mg2Si) mit verschiedenen Prozessparametern sprühkompaktiert. Eine Analyse der Mikrostruktur zeigte, dass die Größe der Mg2Si‐Dispersoide stark von den Prozessparametern abhängt. Neben bekannten thermischen Effekten der Schmelzeüberhitzung (variiert zwischen –40 K und 170 K) und des GMR (variiert von 2,0 bis 6,3) konnte ein starker Einfluss der Scanfrequenz (7 und 15 Hz) festgestellt werden. Ähnliche Effekte traten hinsichtlich der Porosität im gesprühten Material auf. Ein neuer Parameter, das Enthalpie‐ zu Gasmassenstrom‐Verhältnis (EGR) wurde auf der Basis der Parameter Schmelzeüberhitzung und GMR gebildet. Es zeigten sich Abhängigkeiten der Dispersoidgröße und der Porosität von diesem neuen Parameter.
Basic principles of reaching triboactive coatings by mixing of nanosized feedstock powders in the suspension plasma spraying process
Authors: Erne M. , Kolar D. , Möhwald K. , Bach F.‐W. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn recent years, suspension plasma spaying (SPS) has been investigated to provide functional coatings with determined abilities, which could not be reached by conventional thermal spray processes so far. In this paper, the possibilities are discussed to achieve oxide ceramic coatings based on titania by SPS, which show a reduction of their coefficient of friction under dry sliding conditions. Besides the possibility of mixing different feedstock suspensions in the process, the achievable low thickness and homogenous microstructure of suspension‐sprayed coatings may allow use of the coatings in applications, where high demands on adhesion, cohesion and near net shape are made.In den vergangenen Jahren wurde das Suspensions‐Plasmaspritzen (SPS) hinsichtlich seiner Eignung untersucht, Schichtsysteme mit definierten funktionalen Eigenschaften zu erzielen, die bisher mit konventionellen thermischen Spritzverfahren nicht realisiert werden konnten. In diesem Beitrag werden Möglichkeiten diskutiert, um mittels SPS oxidkeramische Schichtsysteme auf Basis von Titandioxid zu erhalten, die unter trockener Gleitreibung eine signifikante Minderung des Reibungskoeffizienten aufweisen. Neben der Option der Durchmischung verschiedener Werkstoffsuspensionen im Prozess bietet das Verfahren die Möglichkeit, dünne Schichten mit einem sehr homogenen Gefüge einzustellen. Diese Eigenschaften sollen einen Einsatz unter Bedingungen erlauben, die hohe Anforderungen an die Adhäsion, die Kohäsion und die Endkonturnähe der Schichtsysteme stellen.
Assessing contractile ability of the quadriceps muscle using ultrasound imaging
Authors: Delaney Sinead , Worsley Peter , Warner Martin , Taylor Mark , Stokes Maria 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMuscle dimension changes on ultrasound imaging (USI) indicate contractile activity. Quadriceps force and rectus femoris (RF) dimensions were examined to assess USI for estimating contraction level. In 15 healthy males, mean age 24.8 years, isometric quadriceps force was measured in 90° knee flexion during submaximal and maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs) and at MVC in extension. Mid‐thigh cross‐sectional area (CSA), depth and width, and surface electromyography (EMG) of RF were recorded. Muscle width decreased curvilinearly as both force and EMG increased. At MVC, width was 3.2 ± 0.5 cm, 25% smaller than at rest (4.4 ± 0.7 cm), and similar to MVC in extension (−23%). CSA decreased linearly to −18% at MVC. RF thickness increased by only 10% (at 30% to MVC). Similar width changes at MVC in flexion and extension indicate the clinical potential of USI for assessing quadriceps contractility. Sensitivity is limited to assessing strength to within 25% of MVC in young males. Muscle Nerve, 2010
Pipelining Tools – ohne lange Leitung
Authors: Krüger Björn 
Published: July 2010

AbstractPipelining Tools vereinen rechnerische Arbeitsabläufe und automatisieren so wiederkehrende Prozeduren. Die modular aufgebauten Workflows arbeiten mit Open‐Source‐Anwendungen und Webtechnik. Große pharmazeutische Konzerne profitieren von solcher Software ebenso wie die Akademia oder das kleine Biotechunternehmen.
Komplexe Indolalkaloide aus Cyanobakterien
Authors: Rüping Magnus 
Published: July 2010

AbstractCyanobakterien produzieren eine große Bandbreite biologisch aktiver Substanzen – unter anderem eine umfangreiche Klasse von komplexen und hochfunktionalisierten Indolalkaloiden. Auch heute noch stellen manche dieser Naturstoffe ein herausforderndes Syntheseziel dar.
Die Champions der chemischen Industrie
Authors: Willers Yves‐Pierre 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn jedem Industriezweig gibt es regelmäßig Phasen, in denen die Marktsituation und die finanzielle Lage der Unternehmen Übernahmen und Fusionen begünstigen. Gegenwärtig lässt sich für die Chemiebranche das Frühstadium eines solchen “Konsolidierungsfensters” vermuten. Wie kann man feststellen, ob ein Unternehmen zu den Gestaltern einer Konsolidierungswelle gehört?
Nanopartikel zur Diagnose von Blutgefäßerkrankungen
Authors: Keppler Bernhard , Kundu Amitava 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAuf der Suche nach neuen Diagnose‐ und Therapieverfahren für Blutgefäßerkrankungen haben sich Makromoleküle als besonders geeignete Kontrastmittel in der Magnetresonanztomografie erwiesen. Mit neuen Strategien binden makromolekulare Nanopartikel gezielt an die Innenseite von Blutgefäßen und machen die Gefäßwände sichtbar.
NMR für die Routine
Authors: Kamlowski Andreas , Müller Jörg 
Published: July 2010

AbstractZeitauflösende NMR‐Spektroskopie mit Tischgeräten eignet sich nicht nur für die Forschung, sondern auch für die Qualitätskontrolle. Beispiele sind die Untersuchung von Ölsaaten und Fettmischungen.
Tätowierungspigmente im Fokus der Forschung
Authors: Engel Eva , Vasold Rudolf , Bäumler Wolfgang 
Published: July 2010

AbstractEine Tätowierung oder ein Permanent‐Make‐up wie tätowierter Lidstrich und Lidschatten ist meist eine Entscheidung fürs Leben. Die Farbpigmente, die beim Tätowieren in die Haut eingebracht wurden, wieder zu entfernen, ist nicht nur kostenaufwendig und schmerzhaft, sondern manchmal sogar gesundheitsgefährlich.
Gelungener Start zur GDCh‐VAA‐Doppelmitgliedschaft
Authors: Bengs Holger 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDie GDCh‐VAA‐Mitgliedschaft unter Studierenden erfreut sich wachsender Beliebtheit. Eine Vortragsreihe wird das attraktive Angebot noch bekannter machen. Auftakt war Frankfurt.
Ulm – in letzter Minute
Authors: Pasch Harald , Wiesen Peter , Steinbeck Christoph , Brock Thomas , Hennecke Manfred , Metzger Jürgen O. , Brodt Gregor , Lehmann Christian , Döker Michael , Schwack Wolfgang , Karsten Schubert Berlin 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMit den Themen Energie – Materialien – Synthese präsentiert sich die Chemie in diesem Jahr auf dem GDCh‐Wissenschaftsforum in Ulm als Querschnittswissenschaft für die Lösung wichtiger Zukunftsfragen. Einen Eindruck vom Programm mit weit über 200 Vorträgen, Symposien, Podiumsdiskussionen und rund 300 Postern, geben die GDCh‐Fachgruppen und ‐Organisationen.
Das Jungchemikerforum – Seit zehn Jahren 100% zukunftsfördernd!
Authors: Breffke Jens , Schaffer Tanja 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSeit ihrer Gründung 1997 beschäftigt die Jungchemiker vor allem Folgendes: Sie wollen Brücken schlagen, Dinge bewegen, verändern und sie wollen sich informieren! Um diese Ziele zu erreichen, hat das Jungchemikerforum eine Reihe von sehr erfolgreichen Strukturen und Veranstaltungen neu entwickelt.
Superconvergence of a stabilized finite element approximation for the Stokes equations using a local coarse mesh L2 projection
Authors: Li Jian , Mei Liquan , Chen Zhangxin 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis article first recalls the results of a stabilized finite element method based on a local Gauss integration method for the stationary Stokes equations approximated by low equal‐order elements that do not satisfy the inf‐sup condition. Then, we derive general superconvergence results for this stabilized method by using a local coarse mesh L2 projection. These supervergence results have three prominent features. First, they are based on a multiscale method defined for any quasi‐uniform mesh. Second, they are derived on the basis of a large sparse, symmetric positive‐definite system of linear equations for the solution of the stationary Stokes problem. Third, the finite elements used fail to satisfy the inf‐sup condition. This article combines the merits of the new stabilized method with that of the L2 projection method. This projection method is of practical importance in scientific computation. Finally, a series of numerical experiments are presented to check the theoretical results obtained. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 28: 115‐126, 2012
An empirical investigation on the role of market orientation in church participation
Authors: Mulyanegara Riza Casidy , Tsarenko Yelena , Mavondo Felix T. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract

In recent years, the concept of market orientation has become an attractive avenue for research in marketing. Despite an array of applications of market orientation in the context of religious organisations, an empirical examination of the role of market orientation in affecting church participation remains limited. The purpose of this research is to develop and test a model that explains the role of market orientation in a church participation context. Data were collected from a particular church denomination in Australia using a self‐administered questionnaire. This yielded a useable sample of 344. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the validity and reliability of the measures, while structural equation modelling was used to test the hypotheses. The findings suggest that market orientation is significantly related to church participation. Further, competitor orientation was found to be negatively associated with church participation. These findings suggest that it is important for church leaders to: (1) understand the needs of church members (customer orientation), (2) ensure that the various ministries in the church are perceived as delivering significant value by its members (interfunctional coordination), and (3) ensure that the range of ministries offered by the church is not perceived as the strategic tools to compete with other churches (competitor orientation), but rather as the means to serve its members effectively.

Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The transition experience to pre‐school for six families with children with disabilities
Authors: Podvey Mara Cohen , Hinojosa Jim , Koenig Kristie 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this qualitative study was to gain an understanding of how families receiving related therapy services experience the transition from early intervention to pre‐school special education. Participants were six families with a child who received early intervention services and became eligible for pre‐school special education services. Data was collected using in‐depth interviews over 3 months. Grounded theory lead to theoretical insights and supported the development of three themes and a metatheme. ‘Transition is scary’, describes the families' feelings about the transition itself and their own perspectives of how their families fared. ‘Therapy is central to progress, but not to transition’, reflects how therapy remained central to their children's progress, but did not help families acclimate to the pre‐school environment. ‘Communication is key to comfort’, expresses the importance of communication with all relevant parties. The metatheme ‘The Outsiders’ describes how the transition represents a significant status change for the family in terms of their involvement in their children's education, but also highlights the ways in which families continue to meet the needs of their children outside of the pre‐school milieu. Findings suggest that families perceive the transition as difficult despite the presence of policies designed to make it easier for them. A deeper examination of policy and its influence on everyday practice related to the transition must occur to help reconcile the reasons for this difference. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Emphysematous gastritis in association with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Krishnamurthy R , Buckley D , Smith JC 
Published: July 2010

AbstractEmphysematous gastritis is an unusual and severe variant of gastritis characterised by invasion of the stomach wall by gas‐forming bacteria. Poorly controlled diabetes is one of the predisposing conditions for this disorder. We report a fatal case of emphysematous gastritis occurring in a 71‐year‐old man with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons.
Exenatide associated renal failure
Authors: Bhatti R , Flynn MD , Illahi M , Carnegie AM 
Published: July 2010

AbstractExenatide is a relatively new drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. There have been four previous cases of ischaemic renal failure reported with exenatide. We report two cases of renal failure associated with exenatide. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons.
Quantum Chemical Study on the Interactions of NO3 with RDX and Four Decomposition Intermediates
Authors: Zhang Jidong , Cheng Xinlu , Zhao Feng 
Published: July 2010

AbstractRecently, NO3 (nitrate radical) was predicted to be formed during the decomposition of RDX. However, experimental studies of the gaseous products have never detected it. In order to verify the prediction, we studied the interactions of NO3 with RDX and four RDX decomposition intermediates (RDR, C3H5N5O4, OST, and TAZ) by using density functional theory (DFT). It is found that NO3 radical can be converted into NO2 during the process of interactions with the above‐mentioned five molecules. In other words, NO3 radical can be consumed in these processes, which gives an explanation for the disappearance of NO3. Transition state theory (TST) calculations lead to the same results. The binding energies are calculated to estimate the strength of interactions. The energy of NO3 with RDR is the largest, which indicates this process is most likely to occur. Our calculation provides a support to the prediction of the formation of NO3.
Characteristics of associated reactions in people with hemiplegic cerebral palsy
Authors: Chiu Hsiu‐Ching , Ada Louise , Butler Jane , Coulson Susan 
Published: July 2010

AbstractPurposes. To investigate the relationship between associated reactions and a) spasticity, b) contracture and c) coordination. Methods. Associated reactions were measured as magnitude of muscle activity in the affected limb during a 50% maximum voluntary contraction of muscles in the unaffected limb. Spasticity was measured as hyper‐reflexia during passive muscle stretch, coordination as performance during a tracking task, and contracture as loss of range of motion. Chi‐square analysis was used to examine the association between associated reactions and spasticity, and linear regression to examine the relationship between associated reactions and spasticity, coordination and contracture. Results. Twenty‐three people with hemiplegic cerebral palsy aged from 15 to 47 years (mean [SD]: 29 years [9]) participated. Thirteen participants exhibited spasticity, and six participants exhibited associated reactions. Five of the six participants with associated reactions also had spasticity (χ2 = 2.37, p = 0.12). Associated reactions were highly correlated with spasticity (r = 0.77, p = 0.001), but not with contracture (r = 0.35, p = 0.29) or coordination (r = −0.31, p = 0.30). Conclusions. Although 27% of participants exhibited associated reactions, and these were mostly small, associated reactions appear to be an expression of spasticity in hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Surface defect mediated electron hopping between nanoparticles separated by a nano‐gap
Authors: Juodkazis Saulius , Rosa Lorenzo 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe influence of defects induced by electron or ion beam lithography in the pre‐surface region of the substrate on optical properties of plasmonic nanoparticles is analyzed. It is demonstrated that electron hopping between the defect sites of closely located nanoparticles is probable. The effect of electron transport via defect states will cause an apparent electrical connectivity between the nanoparticles and can be observed in extinction measurements. It is shown that this type of connectivity is important for gap sizes smaller than ∼10 nm and can reduce the actual light field enhancement.magnified imageFDTD simulation scene: two nanoparticles separated by a nano‐gap. The defects due to electron/ion lithography are present in the sub‐surface region.(© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Diagnostic study of generalized moist potential vorticity in a non‐uniformly saturated atmosphere with heavy precipitation
Authors: Liang Zhaoming , Lu Chungu , Tollerud Edward I. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA Meiyu front accompanied by a band of heavy precipitation in East Asia is typically characterized by a much larger moisture gradient than temperature gradient. Many previous studies have suggested use of equivalent potential temperature as a thermodynamic variable under this circumstance. However, dynamic variables coupled with such a thermodynamic variable, e.g. a derived moist potential vorticity (MPV) based on equivalent potential temperature, does not provide useful dynamic insight into these systems. In this study, generalized moist potential vorticity (GMPV) is derived based on a generalized form of potential temperature. Diagnoses of numerical simulations for three typical Meiyu rainfall events show that GMPV provides remarkably accurate tracking of rainfall location, suggesting its potential use as a dynamic tracer for heavy rainfall events such as Meiyu rain bands. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Stability, complexity and the maximum dissipation conjecture
Authors: Nicolis C. , Nicolis G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe formalism of irreversible thermodynamics is extended to include the effect of random perturbations and applied to representative systems giving rise to instabilities and to complex nonlinear behaviours. The extent to which dissipation as measured by the entropy production exhibits variational properties that can be linked to key indicators of the dynamical behaviour is explored with emphasis on the conjecture of the climate system as a system of maximum dissipation. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society