bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Red‐Emitting CsPbI3/ZnSe Colloidal Nanoheterostructures with Enhanced Optical Properties and Stability
Authors: Vighnesh Kunnathodi , Sergeev Aleksandr A. , Hassan Md Samim , Portniagin Arsenii S. , Sokolova Anastasiia V. , Zhu Ding , Sergeeva Kseniia A. , Kershaw Stephen V. , Wong Kam Sing , Rogach Andrey L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractProducing heterostructures of cesium lead halide perovskites and metal‐chalcogenides in the form of colloidal nanocrystals can improve their optical features and stability, and also govern the recombination of charge carriers. Herein, the synthesis of red‐emitting CsPbI3/ZnSe nanoheterostructures is reported via an in situ hot injection method, which provides the crystallization conditions for both components, subsequently leading to heteroepitaxial growth. Steady‐state absorption and photoluminescence studies alongside X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy analysis evidence on a type‐I band alignment for CsPbI3/ZnSe nanoheterostructures, which exhibit photoluminescence quantum yield of 96% due to the effective passivation of surface defects, and an enhancement in carrier lifetime. Furthermore, the heterostructure growth of ZnSe domains leads to significant improvement in the stability of the CsPbI3 nanocrystals under ambient conditions and against thermal and UV irradiation stress.
Mental self‐renewal as a measure of systems thinking
Authors: Mononen Laura , Kujala Tuomo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSystems thinking research confronts theoretical and empirical challenges, and new measures based on the cognitive sciences have been sought. In this paper, mental self‐renewal is proposed as a suitable new theoretical construct for studying systems thinking. The objective was to construct and validate a psychometric scale of mental self‐renewal (MSRS) and to investigate its associations with complex postformal thinking (CPFT), existing systems thinking scores (STSR) and visual remote associative thinking (vRAT). Data were collected by surveying 311 international designers. Exploratory factor analysis and correlative analyses indicate construct validity for a novel scale with 14 different factors that, when taken together, measure designer's mental self‐renewal. The MSRS is a strong predictor of CPFT, whereas its correlation with STSR is weak. MSRS or CPFT did not predict performance in the vRAT test, while STSR did. In conclusion, MSRS can measure novel aspects of systems thinking; however, further research is necessary.
Prediction of compressive strength of cross‐shaped stub CFSTs under axial loading: Numerical and analytical study
Authors: Hassam Muhammad , Guo Lanhui , Tahir Muhammad , haq Muhammad Atasham ul , Jamil Rizwan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSpecial‐shaped concrete‐filled steel tubes (CFSTs) have been used in modern structures like high‐rise commercial and residential buildings due to their superior structural performance compared to steel and reinforced concrete members. Various shapes of special‐shaped CFSTs might be necessary to meet architectural and aesthetic needs. Cross‐shaped CFSTs could be used where two orthogonal walls cross in high‐rise buildings. However, at present, the research on the compressive performance of cross‐shaped CFSTs is limited, consequently, the unavailability of design guidelines and design‐oriented strength prediction models. Therefore, in this study, a finite element (FE) model of cross‐shaped CFSTs was developed following the past experimental data, and the model's accuracy was verified by the failure modes and load–strain curves of specimens. Sensitivity analysis was performed for some parameters of the concrete damaged plasticity model besides imperfections and residual stress. The parametric analysis was conducted considering various study parameters such as the width‐to‐thickness ratio, width‐to‐depth ratio, and steel and concrete strengths. The compressive strength of cross‐shaped CFSTs was predicted by different design codes and available design formulas, which gave unsatisfactory results necessitating the development of new strength prediction models. Finally, a new design formula was developed by performing a linear regression of FE and test results. The proposed formula predicted the strength of cross‐shaped CFSTs with great accuracy and can be used for design purposes.
Conclusion
Authors: Constantin Sandra V. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe conclusion provides a clear summary of the key findings and results. These results and their implications are discussed in the light of the actual challenges faced by China. Relying on longitudinal data, this book questions the impact of the dismantling of collectivist-type social policies on the dynamics of inequalities formation over the life-course. China has indeed undergone an extremely rapid transition from a collectivist welfare system to an individualization of the social protection system. Based on unique analyzes of the transition to adulthood of two birth cohorts, emblematic of the reforms carried out in China, the findings not only reveal what it means to become adult in post collectivist China, but also that the process of individualization follows its own path compared with Western countries. Individualization is partial and it comes with constraints carrying new social risks and inequalities. As discussed in the eight chapters around which the book is organized, the intensity of risk exposure varies according to gender and social origin. Furthermore, the findings uncover that since the end of 2016, the Party-State promotes a process of neo-familialization that turns on women to assume the tasks of care and to offset the decline in family policy.
Exploring Pathways to Adulthood
Authors: Constantin Sandra V. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThrough examining the life-course of the cohorts born post-1950s and post-1980s, this fifth chapter reveals a substantial extension in the duration of education for the latter group, impacting subsequent life events.The chapter also discusses the significance of family roles and responsibilities in the transition to adulthood in China, emphasizing the central role of marriage in this process. It explores how Confucian thought, government policies, and societal expectations contribute to a normative approach to marriage and parenthood. In particular, it sheds light on President Xi Jinping’s discourses that promote family values as essential for national development and social harmony.Moreover, the analyses delve into the portrayal of marriage and housing in Chinese TV series. Reflecting societal norms and expectations, they reveal and discuss the pressure on women to be married at a certain age, by calling those, who are not, “leftover women”. TV drama can be understood as a window on the tensions existing between traditional values and changing gender roles. Last but not least, the findings highlight the challenges young adults face in achieving homeownership, and the meaning they give to this transition, as a symbol of stability and financial autonomy, in their pathway to adulthood.
What Does the Individualization Process Do to Intergenerational Solidarities?
Authors: Constantin Sandra V. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis chapter argues that TV series disseminate values of intergenerational solidarity to cope with daily struggles. The themes of filial piety and family relationships are recurrent. They convey a moral code designed to counteract the negative effects of individualization and the shortcomings of the social security system.The dynamics of family solidarity reflect a nuanced evolution in filial piety practices. While the Confucian thought placed different obligations on sons and daughters, filial piety is transforming from an unconditional duty to a more reciprocal and negotiated form, influenced by factors such as affects, economic and family situations.The findings also reveal the individualization of living spaces and simultaneously the maintaining of strong family ties. Financial and non-financial supports from parents remain a significant aspect of family solidarities. It is observed that the type of support changes over the life-course. For instance, once parents, 70% of respondents receive non-financial support from their families.The chapter concludes highlighting the challenges faced by the “sandwich generation” caught between supporting elderly parents and raising their own children. The precariousness of working conditions and the absence of a robust Welfare system further contribute to the strain felt by young adults.
Digitale Informationsmaterialen über Demenz – Eine explorative inhaltsanalytische Betrachtung
Authors: Daube Dominik , Reifegerste Doreen 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Eine Demenzdiagnose bedeutet eine hohe Belastung für die Betroffenen und ihre Angehörigen. Häufig müssen schwierige Entscheidungen getroffen werden. Idealerweise treffen Menschen mit einer neuen Demenzdiagnose informierte Entscheidungen gemeinsam mit Angehörigen. Im Vorfeld einer informierten Entscheidung sind digitale Informationsmaterialien eine wichtige niederschwellige Quelle. Sie sollten möglichst umfassend über Demenz aufklären, sowohl zur Primärprävention (Risikofaktoren für Demenzentstehung) als auch zu späteren Behandlungsmöglichkeiten. Auch über vorsorgliche Maßnahmen, die spätere Entscheidungen erleichtern können (bspw. Patient*innenverfügung, Vorsorgevollmacht), sollte informiert werden. Einen umfassenden Überblick über die diversen Onlineangebote zu Demenzerkrankungen gibt es bisher nicht.

Methode
Daher untersucht diese Studie im deutschen Sprachraum mittels einer innovativen systematischen Suchstrategie, welche demenzbezogenen Informationsangebote es digital für welche Zielgruppen gibt und wie diese Materialien inhaltlich hinsichtlich Risikofaktoren und Behandlungsmaßnahmen sowie Entscheidungsunterstützungen aufbereitet sind. Dieser methodische Ansatz ist neu und wird daher ausführlich vorgestellt und diskutiert.

Ergebnisse
Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die meisten Materialien für Menschen mit Demenz sowie deren Angehörige aufbereitet sind. Häufig werden Behandlungsmaßnahmen thematisiert, ohne die Risikofaktoren zu erklären, auf die diese Maßnahmen abzielen. Auf präventive Maßnahmen zur Entscheidungsunterstützung wird kaum eingegangen.

Diskussion
Die unausgewogene Darstellung kann dazu führen, dass einzelne Maßnahmen (für Laien) schwer nachvollziehbar sind oder Risikofaktoren falsch eingeordnet werden. Wichtige Implikationen werden abgeleitet.
Teilhabeorientierte Psychotherapie bei arbeitsfähigen und arbeitsunfähigen Patienten mit psychischen Erkrankungen
Authors: Muschalla Beate , Linden Michael 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Behandlung (chronischer) psychischer Erkrankungen zielt sowohl auf die Symptomreduktion als auch auf die Verbesserung der sozialen und beruflichen Teilhabe durch sozialmedizinische Behandlungen und Beratungen ab. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, arbeitsfähige und arbeitsunfähige Psychotherapiepatienten im Hinblick auf Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede des Patientenstatus und der Behandlungssituation zu vergleichen.

Methoden
73 kognitive Verhaltenstherapeuten und 58 psychodynamische Psychotherapeuten wurden zu 188 bzw. 134 aktuellen Patientenbehandlungen befragt. Die Fallberichte bezogen sich auf Patienten, die im Durchschnitt 42 Jahre alt waren (65 % Frauen).

Ergebnisse
Es gab keine Unterschiede zwischen Patienten ohne oder mit kurzer Krankschreibung (bis zu 6 Wochen, n = 156) und Patienten mit längerer Krankschreibung (7 Wochen oder mehr, n = 140) in Bezug auf grundlegende Merkmale der Behandlung (Nebenwirkungen, therapeutische Allianz). Patienten mit längerer Krankheitsdauer hatten schwerere Beeinträchtigungen der Leistungsfähigkeit und Teilhabe. Sie erhielten spezifischere, auf die Teilhabe am Arbeitsleben ausgerichtete Behandlungen, während allgemeine salutotherapeutische Aktivitäten (Sportverein, Beratung, Familienunterstützung) bei Patienten mit kürzerer oder längerer Krankheitsdauer in gleicher Weise durchgeführt wurden.

Diskussion
Die Therapeuten wählten die Behandlungsoptionen indikationsbezogen aus: Bei Patienten mit Problemen der Teilhabe am Arbeitsleben wurden mehr arbeitsbezogene Behandlungen durchgeführt, während Behandlungen zur Verbesserung der allgemeinen psychischen Gesundheit unabhängig von spezifischen Problemen der Teilhabe am Arbeitsleben eingesetzt wurden.
Morality first?
Authors: Sharadin Nathaniel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Morality First strategy for developing AI systems that can represent and respond to human values aims to first develop systems that can represent and respond to moral values. I argue that Morality First and other X-First views are unmotivated. Moreover, if one particular philosophical view about value is true, these strategies are positively distorting. The natural alternative according to which no domain of value comes “first” introduces a new set of challenges and highlights an important but otherwise obscured problem for e-AI developers.
Risk of surgical site infection after hip hemiarthroplasty of femoral neck fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Silas Ubong , Berberich Christof , Anyimiah Priscilla , Szymski Dominik , Rupp Markus 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Surgical site infection (SSI) is a major complication following hemiarthroplasty surgery for displaced neck of femur fractures. Our aim is to systematically analyse relevant peer-reviewed studies for recent clinical information on the quantitative risk of surgical site infection (SSI) after hemiarthroplasty (HA) of hip fracture patients and on the factors which influence the SSI rates.

Methods
A comprehensive search of electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane) was performed for clinical articles published between 2005 and 2023 and systematically reviewed with a defined list of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The methodology was undertaken and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement checklist, while the detailed search strings and study protocol were published in PROSPERO (CRD42023458150). The pooled risks of SSIs were calculated in both primary and subgroup analyses.

Results
The primary analysis showed a pooled superficial SSI rate after hemiarthroplasty of 1.3% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.71; 2.04) from 17 studies with 29,288 patients and a deep SSI rate of 2.14% (1.87; 2.42) from 29 studies with 192,392 patients. Higher infection rates were observed with longer follow-up periods for deep SSI: pooled rates increased from 1.24% (0.73; 1.87) at 1 month to 2.64% (2.03; 3.31) at 12 months. Additionally, studies using defined criteria for infection diagnosis reported higher rates compared to undefined criteria: pooled deep SSI rates were 2.91% (1.40; 4.92) vs. 0.62% (0.34; 0.96) for defined vs. undefined criteria respectively, and 3.18% (2.23; 4.29) vs. 1.7% (1.44; 1.99) for superficial SSI.

Conclusions
The results of this study demonstrate a substantial SSI risk and a high variability of the infection rates following hemiarthroplasty for hip fracture patients. A standardization of infection criteria and an extended follow-up period are advisable and should be considered in guidelines aimed at improving the standard of care for these patients.
Tetrahydropyran synthesis mediated by catalytic triflic acid and hexafluoroisopropanol
Authors: Brutiu Bogdan R. , Tang Le , Kaiser Daniel , Maulide Nuno 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA Brønsted acid-catalyzed regioselective intramolecular hydroalkoxylation is described. This reaction proceeds via a carbocation intermediate and enables the preparation of 1,1,1’-trisubstituted tetrahydropyran derivatives under mild conditions using catalytic triflic acid (TfOH) and hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) as a mediator.
Graphical abstract
Photobiomodulation improves acute restraint stress-induced visceral hyperalgesia in rats
Authors: Ishibashi Naoya , Nanjo Takuya , Tao Shinichi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the potential application of photobiomodulation to irritable bowel syndrome. We established the following experimental groups: the Non-Stress + Sham group, which consisted of rats that were not restrained and were only subjected to sham irradiation; the Stress + Sham group, which underwent 1 hour of restraint stress followed by sham irradiation; and the Stress + Laser group, which was subjected to restraint stress and percutaneous laser irradiation bilaterally on the L6 dorsal root ganglia for 5 minutes each. The experiment was conducted twice, with three and two laser conditions examined. Following laser irradiation, a barostat catheter was inserted into the rat’s colon. After a 30-minute acclimatization period, the catheter was inflated to a pressure of 60 mmHg, and the number of abdominal muscle contractions was measured over a 5-minute period. The results showed that photobiomodulation significantly suppressed the number of abdominal muscle contractions at average powers of 460, 70, and 18 mW. However, no significant suppression was observed at average powers of 1 W and 3.5 mW. This study suggests that photobiomodulation can alleviate visceral hyperalgesia induced by restraint stress, indicating its potential applicability to irritable bowel syndrome.
Construction of multi-component finite element model to predict biomechanical behaviour of breasts during running and quantification of the stiffness impact of internal structure
Authors: Chen Jiazhen , Sun Yue , Liu Qilong , Yip Joanne , Yick Kit-lun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the biomechanical behaviour and the stiffness impact of the breast internal components during running. To achieve this, a novel nonlinear multi-component dynamic finite element method (FEM) has been established, which uses experimental data obtained via 4D scanning technology and a motion capture system. The data are used to construct a geometric model that comprises the rigid body, layers of soft tissues, skin, pectoralis major muscle, fat, ligaments and glandular tissues. The traditional point-to-point method has a relative mean absolute error of less than 7.92% while the latest surface-to-surface method has an average Euclidean distance (d) of 7.05 mm, validating the simulated results. After simulating the motion of the different components of the breasts, the displacement analysis confirms that when the motion reaches the moment of largest displacement, the displacement of the breast components is proportional to their distance from the chest wall. A biomechanical analysis indicates that the stress sustained by the breast components in ascending order is the glandular tissues, pectoralis major muscle, adipose tissues, and ligaments. The ligaments provide the primary support during motion, followed by the pectoralis major muscle. In addition, specific stress points of the breast components are identified. The stiffness impact experiment indicates that compared with ligaments, the change of glandular tissue stiffness had a slightly more obvious effect on the breast surface. The findings serve as a valuable reference for the medical field and sports bra industry to enhance breast protection during motion.
Ending HIV Transmission in Australia: Expanding PrEP to Cisgender Women: A Scoping Review
Authors: MacPhail Catherine , Manlik Kate , Dews Hannah , Mao Limin , Rutherford Alison 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) availability through the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme provides real potential for the elimination of HIV transmission in Australia, as evidenced by a rapid decline in HIV incidence among gay and bisexual men (GBM). However, HIV elimination will not be possible without also extending PrEP to other populations, including cisgender women. We conducted a scoping review to examine the extent to which PrEP access for cisgender women has been considered in Australia. A comprehensive search across five databases, grey literature, and hand search of references was conducted. A single reviewer conducted title and abstract screening and two reviewers completed full-text screening and data extraction. Nineteen documents were included in the final review and included both peer-reviewed journal articles and guidelines and strategies. Focused discussion of cisgender women’s use of PrEP was largely missing from the literature and, although their use of PrEP is supported in some relevant guidelines, little has been done to actively develop strategies to inform cisgender women about PrEP as a precursor to prescribing for HIV prevention. Healthcare providers’ narrow view of PrEP as being the domain of GBM further limits cisgender women’s potential access. If HIV elimination in Australia is to be a reality, we need to develop mechanisms to specifically engage with cisgender women about PrEP.
The ManhattAnt: identification, distribution, and colony structure of a new pest in New York City, Lasius emarginatus
Authors: Kennett Samantha M. , Seifert Bernard , Dunn Robert R. , Pierson Todd W. , Penick Clint A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAn unidentified ant species was discovered in the heart of New York City in 2011, which garnered national headlines and created the memorable nickname “ManhattAnt.” New York City is one of the oldest and largest cities in North America and has been the site of introduction for some of North America’s most damaging invasive pests. Nevertheless, there has been little follow up research on the ManhattAnt since its discovery, and it has yet to be formally identified. Here we use genetic and morphological approaches to confirm the identity of the ManhattAnt and characterize its introduced range and colony structure. Results from genetic analyses placed the ManhattAnt within the Lasius emarginatus species complex, and morphological comparisons ruled out closely related species to identify the ManhattAnt as the European ant L. emarginatus with 93–99% certainty depending on the nest sample. Since its initial discovery in the region, the ManhattAnt has become one of the most common ants in New York City and has spread at a rate of 2 km/yr into New Jersey and onto Long Island. Based on the climate it inhabits within its native range, L. emarginatus could expand to cover much of the eastern United states from Massachusetts to Georgia. Although many successful invasive ants display supercoloniality with little aggression between neighboring nests, we found no evidence that L. emarginatus colonies in New York City are supercolonial. Continued monitoring of L. emarginatus is warranted, as it has been increasingly reported as an indoor pest and is known to form mutualisms with honeydew producing pests of street trees.