bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Human Recession Defects Treated With Coronally Advanced Flaps and Either Enamel Matrix Derivative or Connective Tissue: Comparison of Clinical Parameters at 10 Years
Authors: McGuire Michael K. , Scheyer E. Todd , Nunn Martha 
Published: February 2012

Background: The effective treatment of gingival recession (GR) defects is crucial for predictable outcomes. The most common treatment is the subepithelial connective tissue graft (CTG), but good outcomes have also been obtained using enamel matrix derivative (EMD). A split‐mouth, randomized controlled trial was previously performed during a 12‐month period to evaluate primary and secondary outcomes in Miller Class I and II GR defects treated with CTG or EMD, both in combination with coronally advanced flap (CAF). The purpose of the current study is to examine the major qualitative and quantitative parameters of this study after a 10‐year follow‐up.Methods: Nine of 17 original patients were available for follow‐up evaluation 10 years after the original surgery. The parameters measured were: 1) GR depth; 2) probing depth (PD); 3) clinical attachment level; 4) width of keratinized tissue (wKT); 5) percentage of root coverage; 6) root dentin hypersensitivity; 7) color, texture, and contour of treatment sites; and 8) patient satisfaction at 10 years. Results at 1 and 10 years of these nine patients (nine test and nine control teeth) were compared to original baseline values. In addition, results within treatment groups between 1 and 10 years and between treatment groups (i.e., EMD versus CTG) at the same time points were examined.Results: At 10 years, all quantitative parameters except PD for both treatment protocols showed statistically significant improvements from baseline values, including wKT in the EMD group, which at 1 year was not significantly improved compared with baseline wKT. In addition, at 10 years, there were no statistically significant differences between EMD + CAF and CTG + CAF for any measured parameter. The only statistically significant finding in this study was the difference in wKT found at 1 year (EMD, 3.00 mm; CTG, 3.89 mm; P = 0.031). Qualitative parameters at 10 years demonstrated similar stability. The only major qualitative difference was the marginal tissue contour, which was similar to adjacent tissues at EMD‐treated sites but greater than adjacent tissues at all CTG sites except one. Esthetically, both EMD‐ and CTG‐mediated treatments were similar at 10 years. However, given the choice, six of nine patients would choose EMD over CTG treatment to avoid a secondary harvesting procedure.Conclusions: This paper highlights the importance of long‐term data as it relates to procedural effectiveness in selecting optimally effective protocols to treat gingival recession. Based on the results of this 10‐year follow‐up investigation, treatment with either EMD + CAF or CTG + CAF for Miller Class I and II GR defects appears stable, clinically effective, and similar to each other on all measured parameters.
Comparative Evaluation of Autologous Platelet‐Rich Fibrin and Platelet‐Rich Plasma in the Treatment of 3‐Wall Intrabony Defects in Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Pradeep A.R. , Rao Nishanth S. , Agarwal Esha , Bajaj Pavan , Kumari Minal , Naik Savitha B 
Published: February 2012

Background: The topical use of platelet concentrates is recent, and its efficiency remains controversial. The present study aims to explore the clinical and radiographic effectiveness of autologous platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF) and platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of intrabony defects in patients with chronic periodontitis.Methods: Ninety intrabony defects were treated with either autologous PRF with open‐flap debridement or autologous PRP with open‐flap debridement or open‐flap debridement alone. Clinical and radiologic parameters, such as probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), intrabony defect depth, and percentage defect fill, were recorded at baseline and 9 months postoperatively.Results: Mean PD reduction and CAL gain were greater in PRF (3.77 ± 1.19 and 3.17 ± 1.29 mm) and PRP (3.77 ± 1.07 and 2.93 ± 1.08 mm) groups than the control group (2.97 ± 0.93 and 2.83 ± 0.91 mm). Furthermore, significantly greater percentage of mean bone fill was found in the PRF (55.41% ± 11.39%) and PRP (56.85% ± 14.01%) groups compared with the control (1.56% ± 15.12%) group.Conclusions: Within the limit of the present study, there was similar PD reduction, CAL gain, and bone fill at sites treated with PRF or PRP with conventional open‐flap debridement. Because PRF is less time consuming and less technique sensitive, it may seem a better treatment option than PRP. However, long‐term, multicenter randomized, controlled clinical trials will be required to know their clinical and radiographic effects on bone regeneration.
Locally finite groups with all subgroups either subnormal or nilpotent-by-Chernikov
Authors: Cutolo Giovanni , Smith Howard 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Let G be a locally finite group satisfying the condition given in the title and suppose that G is not nilpotent-by-Chernikov. It is shown that G has a section S that is not nilpotent-by-Chernikov, where S is either a p-group or a semi-direct product of the additive group A of a locally finite field F by a subgroup K of the multiplicative group of F, where K acts by multiplication on A and generates F as a ring. Non-(nilpotent-by-Chernikov) extensions of this latter kind exist and are described in detail.
Differential geometry of grassmannians and the Plücker map
Authors: Anan’in Sasha , Grossi Carlos 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Using the Plücker map between grassmannians, we study basic aspects of classic grassmannian geometries. For ‘hyperbolic’ grassmannian geometries, we prove some facts (for instance, that the Plücker map is a minimal isometric embedding) that were previously known in the ‘elliptic’ case.
Vaaisible upconversion emission of Er3+-doped and Er3+/Yb3+-codoped LiInO2
Authors: Djačanin Ljubica , Dramićanin Miroslav , Lukić-Petrović Svetlana , Petrović Dragoslav , Nikolić Marko 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Lithium-indium oxide is a high-density (5.9 g·cm−3), wide band-gap semiconductor with promising applications for scintillating detection of solar neutrinos as well as for efficient phosphorescence when doped with Er3+ or Sm3+ ions. In this report, we demonstrate visible upconversion emission of Er3+-doped LiInO2 synthesized by a simple solid-state chemistry procedure and discuss mechanisms responsible for pumping the Er3+ ions to upper levels. Intense upconversion emission is observed in the green and red spectral regions under near-infrared excitation, and it is greatly enhanced by co-doping with Yb3+ ions. We also examined the upconversion intensity change as a function of temperature, and, consequently, possible applications of this material as a low-temperature sensor.
Synthesis, anti-oxidant activity, and cytotoxicity of salicyloyl derivatives of estra-1,3,5(10)-triene and androst-5-ene
Authors: Gaši Katarina , Djurendić Evgenija , Dojčinović-Vujašković Sanja , Gaković Andrea , Jovanović-Šanta Suzana , Kojić Vesna , Sakač Marija 
Published: February 2012

AbstractSince many estrane and androstane derivatives exhibit cytotoxic, anti-oxidant, or anti-hormone activity, new steroidal derivatives were synthesised from appropriate estrogen or androgen precursors in order to obtain potential therapeutics for the treatment of steroid-dependent diseases. Starting from estradiol (I), 6-oxo derivatives V and VII were prepared. 17β-Salicyloyl-6-oxo derivatives VI and VIII were synthesised by the reaction of compounds V or VII with methyl salicylate in the presence of sodium. 17β-Salicyloyloxy estradiol IX was prepared from estradiol. Beckmann fragmentation of 16-oxyimino alcohols XII and XIII with methyl salicylate yielded corresponding D-seco derivatives XIV and XV. Simultaneous fragmentation and acylation of compound XII resulted in 3β-salicyloyl-D-seco derivative XVI which was also obtained from compound XIV. Anti-oxidant assays of the newly synthesised compounds V-IX, XIV, and XVI indicated a stronger capacity for hydroxyl radical scavenging, and a weaker capacity for DPPH radical scavenging, compared with the standard anti-oxidants BHA and BHT. Compounds V, XIV, and XVI showed higher or the same activity as BHT. The cytotoxicity of new compounds was evaluated against human breast and prostate carcinoma cells. Compound VI exhibited strong cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 cells; compound XIV exhibited strong cytotoxicity against PC-3 cell line, while compound VII moderately inhibited the growth of PC-3 cells.
Photodynamic efficiency of porphyrins encapsulated in polysilsesquioxanes
Authors: Rychtáriková Renata , Šabata Stanislav , Hetflejš Jiří , Kuncová Gabriela 
Published: February 2012

AbstractMesoporous organosilica-porphyrin composites were obtained by entrapment of 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methyl-4-pyridinio)porphyrin (TMPyP) into three polysilsesquioxanes prepared by the sol-gel method from 1,2-bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane, 1,6-bis(triethoxysilyl)hexane, and 1,8-bis(triethoxysilyl)octane. The materials were characterised by their texture and optical properties (fluorescence and absorbance) and by light-induced antimicrobial activity against E. coli BL21(DE3) (pET16bDsRed) strain.
Utilisation of industrial waste for ferrite pigments production
Authors: Schwarz Marián , Veverka Miloš , Michalková Eva , Lalík Vladimír , Veverková Darina 
Published: February 2012

AbstractPreliminary results of research focused on the utilisation of specific waste from metallurgical and mining activities to obtain ferrite pigments are presented. As a source of iron in the spinel-type ferrites with the general structure MFe2O4 (where M is a bivalent metal such as Ca and Zn), three types of industrial wastes were used: metallurgical slag from the production of non-ferrous metals and two types of AMD (acid mine drainage) sludge: one of natural origin (Fe-sediment) and the second one synthetically prepared from AMD (Fe-precipitate). This waste was homogenised by ZnO and CaCO3 in various stoichiometric ratios n(Ca): n(Zn): n(Fe) and calcined at the temperature of 1000–1095°C. Mineralogical (XRD) analysis of the metallurgical slag pigments confirmed the formation of zinc ferrite and hematite only (Ca from reaction components entered into other phases). The ferric component of the AMD sludge (Fe-precipitate and Fe-sediment) formed a mixture of zinc ferrite, calcium ferrite, and hematite while increased calcination temperature supported the ferritic structure formation. Prepared pigments have no considerable colour differences; they were in brown colour tones. Pigments from the AMD sludge were more dark brown coloured than those from slag. Pigments were applied in an alkyd-resin paint and consequently basic anticorrosive tests were performed. Pigments obtained from metallurgical slag showed better anticorrosive properties than those from AMD. However, because of high Pb content in pigments from the slag (0.67–1.10 mass % Pb in pigments), utilisation of these pigments in coatings is problematic. Ferrite pigments from the AMD sludge, mainly that with zinc ferrite, have promising application in anticorrosive paints but optimisation of the preparation process is required.
Écologie, économie et incitations au changement
Authors: Matagne Patrick 
Published: February 2012

Résumé Au 19 e siècle, l’émergence parallèle de la science et de la pensée écologiques est en rupture avec la théo-écologie du 18 e siècle. Au 20 e siècle, la nouvelle discipline produit des concepts qui, comme ceux d’écosystème, de biosphère ou de climax, vont contribuer à développer l’approche systémique qui caractérise aujourd’hui aussi bien la science écologique que le projet écologiste. Quant à l’entrée de l’écologie en politique, elle s’effectue dans un contexte économique, politique et social complètement nouveau. Codes JEL : Q57, Q56
La technologie au cœur du développement durable : mythe ou réalité ?
Authors: Diemer Arnaud 
Published: February 2012

Résumé À la fin des années 1980, l’écologie industrielle a répondu à la problématique du développement durable par une solution technique et organisationnelle. D’une part, l’écotechnologie recommande aux industriels de procéder à un ensemble d’opérations de rationalisation de la production (minimisation des déchets, transformation des déchets en biens marchands). D’autre part, la symbiose industrielle, notamment celle de Kalundborg, constitue l’organisation la plus efficace lorsqu’il s’agit d’établir des relations durables entre agents économiques. Pour que l’innovation soit une solution viable pour les générations présentes et futures, il convient cependant de dissocier le mythe de la véritable révolution environnementale. En effet, la dématérialisation, suggérée par l’essor des services et des nouvelles technologies de l’information et de la communication, peut générer des effets rebonds. En d’autres termes, la consommation d’énergie peut augmenter (et non diminuer) à la suite d’une amélioration des techniques. La clé du développement durable résiderait ainsi dans le triptyque suivant : technologie, innovation organisationnelle, changements dans les modes de vie. Les industriels et les consommateurs devront changer leurs habitudes s’ils veulent améliorer leur bien-être, sans souffrir de la dégradation de l’environnement. Codes JEL : B20, D22, L86, O33, O44
La relation entre innovation environnementale et réglementation : une application au secteur agroalimentaire français
Authors: Gallaud Delphine , Martin Michel , Reboud Sophie , Tanguy Corinne 
Published: February 2012

Résumé Les pratiques alimentaires sont sources d’une pollution importante. Si l’hypothèse de Porter, selon laquelle il y a une relation positive entre réglementation et innovation environnementale est vérifiée, les entreprises des IAA devraient développer de nombreuses innovations environnementales. Qu’en est-il réellement ? Nous utilisons les données de l’enquête Innovation CIS 8 sur les IAA et réalisons une analyse de données (ACM et classification hiérarchique) pour déterminer les différentes stratégies des entreprises dans ce domaine. Nos résultats montrent tout d’abord que l’hypothèse de Porter n’est pas validée dans le secteur des IAA, car même soumise à une réglementation, seule une minorité d’entreprises des IAA innovent. Puis, nous mettons en évidence que certaines firmes mettent en place une stratégie d’innovation immatérielle (organisationnelle et marketing) autonome. Enfin, nous voyons paradoxalement que les PME innovent autant en matière environnementale (en privilégiant l’innovation immatérielle) que les grandes firmes, alors que, par contre, les entreprises moyennes sont moins innovantes. Code JEL : L20, L66, O31, Q5 5
T Lymphocyte Priming by Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Links Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses
Authors: Tillack Kati , Breiden Petra , Martin Roland , Sospedra Mireia 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils constitute the first line of defense against infections. Among their strategies to eliminate pathogens they release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), being chromatin fibers decorated with antimicrobial proteins. NETs trap and kill pathogens very efficiently, thereby minimizing tissue damage. Furthermore, NETs modulate inflammatory responses by activating plasmacytoid dendritic cells. In this study, we show that NETs released by human neutrophils can directly prime T cells by reducing their activation threshold. NETs-mediated priming increases T cell responses to specific Ags and even to suboptimal stimuli, which would not induce a response in resting T cells. T cell priming mediated by NETs requires NETs/cell contact and TCR signaling, but unexpectedly we could not demonstrate a role of TLR9 in this mechanism. NETs-mediated T cell activation adds to the list of neutrophil functions and demonstrates a novel link between innate and adaptive immune responses.
What Dictionary Are Animal Researchers Using?
Authors: Mcmillan Franklin D. 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
The public largely supports the use of animals in biomedical research, but only if they are sure that the animals are treated humanely. The scientific community has provided these assurances. Is this a truthful claim? I argue that when examined systematically, the claim that animals in research are treated humanely is not truthful by any existing definition of the word. This article does not argue for or against the morality of using animals in research; rather, the reasoning set forth herein argues that in this use of animals, the scientific community is not being truthful to the public.
Old McDonald’s Had a Farm: The Metaphysics of Factory Farming
Authors: Leder Drew 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThis article explores the cultural and philosophical foundations of factory farming. Modes of capitalist production play a role: Marx’s analysis of the fourfold alienation of labor can be applied to animal-laborers. However, the harshness with which animals are treated exceeds the harshness directed toward human workers. At root is a cultural anthropocentrism that prohibits viewing animals as moral subjects, removing ethical restraints. Ultimately, the modernist ways in which animals are treated as both like and unlike human workers are related to the rise of Cartesian mechanism. The categories of “human” and “animal” are reconfigured by the image of the “machine.”
Impact of uveitis on the phenotype of patients with recent inflammatory back pain: Data from a prospective multicenter French cohort
Authors: Wendling Daniel , Prati Clément , Demattei Christophe , Miceli‐Richard Corinne , Daures Jean‐Pierre , Dougados Maxime 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of uveitis in patients with recent inflammatory back pain (IBP) suggestive of spondylarthritis (SpA), and to investigate the impact of uveitis on the overall features of these patients.MethodsThe Devenir des Spondylarthropathies Indifférenciées Récentes (DESIR; Outcome of Recent Undifferentiated Spondylarthropathies) cohort is a prospective multicenter French cohort of 708 patients with early IBP suggestive of SpA. Uveitis was defined by an ophthalmologic episode diagnosed as uveitis by an ophthalmologist, or history of a medical diagnosis of uveitis given to the patient. Data on the baseline demographic characteristics, functional status and quality of life, imaging features, bone mineral density (BMD), and blood tests were compared in patients with and without uveitis. Factors associated with the presence of uveitis were identified both by univariate and multivariate analysis (logistic regression).ResultsThe prevalence of uveitis at inclusion in the DESIR cohort was 8.5%. Uveitis occurred after the first symptoms of IBP in 45% of patients. The presence of uveitis was significantly associated (univariate) with pain in the cervical spine, infection preceding inflammatory disease, a previous diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the Short Form 36 (SF‐36; mental and physical health and social relationship subscales), Achilles enthesitis, elevated leukocyte count, and radiologic hip involvement, but not with fulfillment of classification criteria, HLA–B27, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index, Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score, and BMD. Stepwise multivariate analysis found an association between uveitis and pain in the cervical spine, infection preceding inflammatory disease, a previous diagnosis of IBD, and the physical health limitation of the SF‐36 (P < 0.05).ConclusionIn recent IBP suggestive of SpA, uveitis is associated with IBD and infection. This might suggest a role of environmental factors in the incidence of uveitis in SpA.
Functional Human Vascular Network Generated in Photocrosslinkable Gelatin Methacrylate Hydrogels
Authors: Chen Ying‐Chieh , Lin Ruei‐Zeng , Qi Hao , Yang Yunzhi , Bae Hojae , Melero‐Martin Juan M. , Khademhosseini Ali 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe generation of functional, 3D vascular networks is a fundamental prerequisite for the development of many future tissue engineering‐based therapies. Current approaches in vascular network bioengineering are largely carried out using natural hydrogels as embedding scaffolds. However, most natural hydrogels present a poor mechanical stability and a suboptimal durability, which are critical limitations that hamper their widespread applicability. The search for improved hydrogels has become a priority in tissue engineering research. Here, the suitability of a photopolymerizable gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogel to support human progenitor cell‐based formation of vascular networks is demonstrated. Using GelMA as the embedding scaffold, it is shown that 3D constructs containing human blood‐derived endothelial colony‐forming cells (ECFCs) and bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) generate extensive capillary‐like networks in vitro. These vascular structures contain distinct lumens that are formed by the fusion of ECFC intracellular vacuoles in a process of vascular morphogenesis. The process of vascular network formation is dependent on the presence of MSCs, which differentiate into perivascular cells occupying abluminal positions within the network. Importantly, it is shown that implantation of cell‐laden GelMA hydrogels into immunodeficient mice results in a rapid formation of functional anastomoses between the bioengineered human vascular network and the mouse vasculature. Furthermore, it is shown that the degree of methacrylation of the GelMA can be used to modulate the cellular behavior and the extent of vascular network formation both in vitro and in vivo. These data suggest that GelMA hydrogels can be used for biomedical applications that require the formation of microvascular networks, including the development of complex engineered tissues.
Subpicosecond Domain Switching in Discrete Regions of Pb(Zr0.35Ti0.65)O3 Thick Films
Authors: Jiang An Quan , Chen Zhi Hui , Hui Wen Yuan , Wu Dongping , Scott James F. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe time dependence of the domain switching current density, Jsw(t), under pulsed voltages on a ferroelectric parallel‐plate capacitor is the consequence of region‐by‐region polarization reversals across the film. As the distributive coercive voltage of domain nucleation increases from zero to the maximum applied voltage during the capacitor charging time, Jsw(t) is proportional to the domain switching speed at each time. By transforming the spatially inhomogeneous domain nucleation distribution into a temporal distribution of coercive fields (Ec), a local lnJsw versus Ec−1 plot is derived for each domain, following the Merz equation. This provides insight into the independent domain switching dynamics at different nucleation sites in Pb(Zr0.35Ti0.65)O3 thick films over a large current range. Although the activation field of the slope of the lnJsw(t) versus Ec−1 plot varies with film area and temperature, all the plots extrapolate to a single point (J0, E0) from which the ultimate domain switching current density of J0 =1.4 × 108 A cm−2 at the highest field of E0 = 0.20‐0.25 MV cm−1 is derived. Unexpectedly, J0 and E0 are independent of the film thickness and area, after correction for a small interfacial‐layer effect. This analysis provides rigorous evidence for nucleation rate‐limited domain switching with a subpicosecond nucleation time and the relative unimportance of domain forward‐growth time across film thicknesses between 0.14 and 2 μm. This work paves the way to improve the efficiency of ferroelectric thick‐film functionality in electronic and optoelectronic devices with ultrafast clock rates.