bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low‐dose celecoxib improves coronary function after acute myocardial ischaemia in rabbits
Authors: Zhao Ming , He Xi , Zhao Mei , Bi Xue‐Yuan , Zhang Hong‐Li , Yu Xiao‐Jiang , Liu Jin‐Jun , Li Dong‐Ling , Ma Xin , Zang Wei‐Jin 
Published: December 2011

Summary

The role of celecoxib in cardiovascular events remains contentious. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of celecoxib in acute myocardial ischaemia (AMI) in rabbits in comparison with those of another non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug, namely aspirin.
Male New Zealand white rabbits were divided into four groups: (i) a sham‐operated group; (ii) an AMI group, in which the left anterior descending coronary arteries were occluded for 60 min; (iii) the celecoxib + AMI group, pretreated with 3 mg/kg celecoxib, twice a day, for 3 days before AMI induction; and (iv) the aspirin + AMI group, pretreated with 12.5 mg/kg aspirin, twice a day, for 3 days before AMI induction. Haemodynamic parameters were monitored using a multichannel physiological recorder. Serum levels of creatine kinase (CK), malondialdehyde (MDA), cyclo‐oxygenase‐2 (COX‐2), tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, total nitrate/nitrite (NOx), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and myocardial infarct size were determined. Changes in isometric tension of isolated coronary rings were recorded by a myograph system.
Compared with the sham group, the AMI group had lower blood pressure, higher left ventricular (LV) end‐diastolic pressure, depressed maximum dP/dt of LV pressure, a larger infarct size and higher CK and MDA levels. Celecoxib, but not aspirin, pretreatment significantly ameliorated these effects of AMI. Celecoxib reversed AMI‐induced increases in COX‐2 levels to a similar extent as aspirin. Pretreatment with celecoxib resulted in a significant reduction in TNF‐α levels and an increase in NOx and NOS levels compared with the AMI group. The dysfunctional vasoconstriction and vasodilation of coronary arteries were ameliorated by celecoxib administration.
4. In conclusion, the experimental evidence suggests that celecoxib exerts its protective effects in a COX‐independent manner.
Depression is a common and chronic comorbidity in patients with interstitial lung disease
Authors: RYERSON CHRISTOPHER J. , AREAN PATRICIA A. , BERKELEY JANE , CARRIERI‐KOHLMAN VIRGINIA L. , PANTILAT STEVEN Z. , LANDEFELD C. SETH , COLLARD HAROLD R. 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTBackground and objective:  Little is known about depression in interstitial lung disease (ILD). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of depression, characterize the association of depression with clinical variables and describe the natural history of depression in patients with ILD.Methods:  In this prospective cohort study, clinical variables were recorded at baseline and 6 months. Depression was measured with the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. Depression prevalence was determined using the established threshold of >15 points. Multivariate linear regression was used to determine the baseline features that independently correlated with baseline depression score and that predicted depression severity at follow‐up.Results:  Fifty‐two subjects were enrolled, and 45 returned for follow‐up (three deaths, one lung transplant). Prevalence of depression was 21% at baseline. Independent predictors of depressive symptoms at baseline included dyspnoea severity, pain severity, sleep quality and forced vital capacity (R2 0.67). The odds of clinically meaningful depression at follow‐up were 34‐fold higher for subjects who had clinically meaningful depression at baseline compared with those who were not (95% confidence interval 3.5–422, P < 0.0005). Baseline depression score was the strongest predictor of depression score at follow‐up (r 0.59, P < 0.00005).Conclusions:  Depressive symptoms in ILD are common, persistent, and strongly and independently correlated with dyspnoea, pain, sleep quality and forced vital capacity. Clinically meaningful depression at baseline is the most important predictor of depressive symptoms at follow‐up. Patients with ILD should routinely be screened for depression.
Prediction of morphine dose in humans
Authors: Holford Nick H. G. , Ma Shu C. , Anderson Brian J. 
Published: December 2011

SummaryBackground:  Morphine is widely used throughout the human life span. Several pharmacokinetic models have been proposed to predict how morphine clearance changes with weight and age. This study uses a large external data set to evaluate the ability of pharmacokinetic models to predict morphine doses.Methods:  A data set of morphine clearance estimates was created from published reports in premature neonates, full‐term neonates, infants, children, and adults. This external data set was used to evaluate published models for morphine clearance as well as other models proposed for use in neonates and infants. Morphine clearance predictions were used to predict morphine dose rates to achieve similar target concentrations in all age groups.Results:  An allometric ¾ power model using weight combined with a sigmoid maturation model using postmenstrual age successfully predicted the morphine dose rate (within 25% of target) in all age groups except infants [predicted dose 30% under target (95% CI, 7–46%)]. Other published models based on empirical allometric scaling all made unacceptable predictions (>100% of target) in at least one age group.Conclusions:  Clearance based on empirical allometric scaling predicted unacceptable doses. Theory‐based allometric scaling combined with a maturation function has been confirmed by external evaluation to provide a sound basis for describing clearance and predicting morphine doses in humans of all ages.
Antepartum haemorrhage of unknown origin and maternal cigarette smoking beyond the first trimester
Authors: Van Altvorst Marlies E.W.A. , Chan Eliza H.Y. , Taylor Rennae S. , Kenny Louise C. , Myers Jenny E. , Dekker Gustaaf A. , North Robyn A. , McCowan Lesley M.E. ,   On behalf of the SCOPE Consortium
Published: December 2011

BackgroundAntepartum haemorrhage of unknown origin (APHUO) is associated with preterm birth and perinatal mortality.AimTo determine whether smoking beyond the first trimester of pregnancy was an independent risk factor for APHUO.MethodsRates of APHUO were compared between non‐smokers and smokers, and non‐smokers and ceased smokers. Participants were healthy nulliparous women recruited to the Screening for Pregnancy Endpoints (SCOPE) prospective cohort study in New Zealand, Australia, Ireland and United Kingdom. Logistic regression was used to compare adjusted odds ratio, 95% confidence intervals (OR, 95% CI) of APHUO between continued smokers and non‐smokers, adjusting for possible confounders.ResultsOf the 3513 participants, 77.9% (n = 2737) were non‐smokers, 10.6% (n = 371) ceased in the first trimester and 11.5% (n = 405) continued smoking beyond the first trimester. APHUO rates were higher in smokers than non‐smokers (7.4%, n = 30 vs 4.5%, n = 122; P = 0.01), but there was no difference between ceased smokers and non‐smokers (4.3%, n = 16 vs 4.5%, n = 122; P = 0.90). Smoking was no longer significantly associated with APHUO after adjustment for confounders (adjusted OR = 1.28, 95% CI 0.76–2.14), but vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy (adjusted OR = 2.98, 95% CI 2.12–4.18) and overweight/obesity (adjusted OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.02–1.99) were independent risk factors. First trimester folic acid use was associated with a reduced risk (adjusted OR = 0.44, 95% CI 0.25–0.77).ConclusionSmoking is not an independent risk factor for APHUO after adjustment for confounders, but other risk and protective factors have been identified.
Cystamine attenuates lupus‐associated apoptosis of ventricular tissue by suppressing both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways
Authors: Tzang Bor‐Show , Hsu Tsai‐Ching , Kuo Cheng‐Yi , Chen Tzy‐Yen , Chiang Szu‐Yi , Li Sin‐Lun , Kao Shao‐Hsuan 
Published: December 2011

AbstractCystamine, a disulphide metabolite, has been demonstrated to ameliorate various lupus‐associated tissue damages by animal models. However, effects of cystamine on apoptosis of cardiac tissue, a main cardiac damage attributing to lupus, are less obvious. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether or not cystamine possesses anti‐apoptotic effects with emphasis on LV tissue of lupus‐prone mice NZB/W‐F1. Cystamine treatment was performed by daily intraperitoneal administration. Morphology and apoptotic status of ventricular tissues in the treated mice were assessed by microscopy and TUNEL assay, respectively. Levels of apoptotic biomarkers were determined using immunoblot. Our results revealed that cystamine significantly attenuated the apoptosis of LV tissues in NZB/W‐F1 mice, whereas the morphology of the tissues was slightly altered. In addition, cystamine reduced level of Fas and inhibited activation of caspase‐8. Cystamine also increased level of Bcl‐2 and phosphorylation of Bad, and decreased level of Bad and truncated Bid (tBid). Moreover, level of cytosolic cytochrome c and Apaf‐1, and activation of caspase‐9 and caspase‐3 were suppressed in response to cystamine treatment. In Balb/c mice, as normal control mice, changes in cell morphology and levels of the tested apoptotic components were found insignificant in the LV tissues. These findings indicate that cystamine treatment attenuates apoptosis of LV tissues of NZB/W‐F1 mice through suppressing both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. Therefore, cystamine is considered beneficial to alleviating lupus‐associated cardiac damages.
Sebum, acne, skin elasticity, and gender difference – which is the major influencing factor for facial pores?
Authors: Kim BY , Choi JW , Park KC , Youn SW 
Published: December 2011

BackgroundEnlarged facial pores have been esthetic problems and have become a matter of cosmetic concern. Several factors are supposed to be related to the enlargement of facial pores, although scientific evaluations were not performed yet.ObjectiveTo assess the correlation between facial pores and possible relating factors such as age, gender, sebum secretion, skin elasticity, and the presence of acne, using objective bioengineering instruments.MethodsSixty volunteers, 30 males and 30 females, participated in this study. Various parameters of facial pores were assessed using the Robo Skin Analyzer®. The facial sebum secretion and skin elasticity were measured using the Sebumeter® and the Cutometer®, respectively. These data were compared and correlated to examine the possible relationship between facial pores and age, sebum secretion and skin elasticity, according to gender and the presence of acne.ResultsMale gender and the existence of acne were correlated with higher number of facial pores. Sebum secretion levels showed positive correlation with facial pores. The R7 parameter of skin elasticity was negatively correlated with facial pores, suggesting increased facial pores with decreased skin elasticity. However, the age and the severity of acne did not show a definite relationship with facial pores.ConclusionMale, increased sebum and decreased skin elasticity were mostly correlated with facial pore development. Further studies on population with various demographic profiles and more severe acne may be helpful to elucidate the potential effect of aging and acne severity on facial pores.
Mandibular and dental manifestations of Gaucher disease
Authors: Saranjam HR , Sidransky E , Levine WZ , Zimran A , Elstein D 
Published: December 2011

Oral Diseases (2012) 18, 421–429Gaucher disease is a systemic lysosomal storage disorder with a high prevalence among Ashkenazi Jews. It is caused by an inherited deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase. Common signs and symptoms include hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and skeletal involvement. Oral and dental manifestations are less commonly seen. These manifestations are often asymptomatic, although they may be detected by routine dental x‐rays. There are several case reports and a few larger series published describing patients with Gaucher disease who have mandibulo‐maxillofacial involvement. This review aims to examine the oral manifestations observed in Gaucher disease and to suggest practical guidelines for dealing with these often worrisome signs. Among the critical issues are the benign nature of Gaucher cell infiltration of the mandible and the critical importance of being prepared for postprocedure bleeding and/or infections. Therefore, it is essential that dental practitioners be aware of the possible oral and dental complications of Gaucher disease, as well as the available treatment modalities.
Connecting natural landscapes using a landscape permeability model to prioritize conservation activities in the United States
Authors: Theobald David M. , Reed Sarah E. , Fields Kenyon , Soulé Michael 
Published: December 2011

AbstractWidespread human modification and conversion of land has led to loss and fragmentation of natural ecosystems, altering ecological processes and causing declines in biodiversity. The potential for ecosystems to adapt to climate change will be contingent on the ability of species to move and ecological processes to operate across broad landscapes. We developed a novel, robust modeling approach to estimate the connectivity of natural landscapes as a gradient of permeability. Our approach yields a map capable of prioritizing places that are important for maintaining and potentially restoring ecological flows across the United States and informing conservation initiatives at regional, national, or continental scales. We found that connectivity routes with very high centrality intersected proposed energy corridors in the western United States at roughly 500 locations and intersected 733 moderate to heavily used highways (104–106 vehicles per day). Roughly 15% of the most highly connected locations are currently secured by protected lands, whereas 28% of these occur on public lands that permit resource extraction, and the remaining 57% are unprotected. The landscape permeability map can inform land use planning and policy about places potentially important for climate change adaptation.
Presence of Lamivudine or Emtricitabine Is Associated with Reduced Emergence of Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Mutations in an Efavirenz-Based Intermittent Antiretroviral Treatment Regimen
Authors: Trancart Stéphanie , Charreau Isabelle , Marchou Bruno , Bocquentin Muriel , Molina Jean-Michel , Izopet Jacques , Tangre Philippe , Aboulker Jean-Pierre , Taburet Anne-Marie ,   the ANRS 106 Study Group
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTEfavirenz concentrations were measured in 21 patients during an interruption cycle of the ANRS 106 Window trial. The median efavirenz concentrations in the patients 12 h, 3 days, and 7 days after discontinuation of the drug were 1,962 ng/ml, 416 ng/ml, and 112 ng/ml, respectively. The half-life ranged from 27 to 136 h. No relationship between efavirenz exposure and detection of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) mutations was demonstrated. Patients who were treated by a lamivudine- or emtricitabine-based regimen had a lower risk of NNRTI mutation selection.
Identification of Novel
N
-(Morpholine-4-Carbonyloxy) Amidine Compounds as Potent Inhibitors against Hepatitis C Virus Replication
Authors: Kusano-Kitazume Akiko , Sakamoto Naoya , Okuno Yukiko , Sekine-Osajima Yuko , Nakagawa Mina , Kakinuma Sei , Kiyohashi Kei , Nitta Sayuri , Murakawa Miyako , Azuma Seishin , Nishimura-Sakurai Yuki , Hagiwara Masatoshi , Watanabe Mamoru 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACT

To identify novel compounds that possess antiviral activity against hepatitis C virus (HCV), we screened a library of small molecules with various amounts of structural diversity using an HCV replicon-expressing cell line and performed additional validations using the HCV-JFH1 infectious-virus cell culture. Of 4,004 chemical compounds, we identified 4 novel compounds that suppressed HCV replication with 50% effective concentrations of ranging from 0.36 to 4.81 μM.
N
′-(Morpholine-4-carbonyloxy)-2-(naphthalen-1-yl) acetimidamide (MCNA) was the most potent and also produced a small synergistic effect when used in combination with alpha interferon. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) analyses revealed 4 derivative compounds with antiviral activity. Further SAR analyses revealed that the
N
-(morpholine-4-carbonyloxy) amidine moiety was a key structural element for antiviral activity. Treatment of cells with MCNA activated nuclear factor κB and downstream gene expression. In conclusion,
N
-(morpholine-4-carbonyloxy) amidine and other related morpholine compounds specifically suppressed HCV replication and may have potential as novel chemotherapeutic agents.
Influence of Soil Use on Prevalence of Tetracycline, Streptomycin, and Erythromycin Resistance and Associated Resistance Genes
Authors: Popowska Magdalena , Rzeczycka Marzenna , Miernik Antoni , Krawczyk-Balska Agata , Walsh Fiona , Duffy Brion 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACT

This study examined differences in antibiotic-resistant soil bacteria and the presence and quantity of resistance genes in soils with a range of management histories. We analyzed four soils from agricultural systems that were amended with manure from animals treated with erythromycin and exposed to streptomycin and/or oxytetracycline, as well as non-manure-amended compost and forest soil. Low concentrations of certain antibiotic resistance genes were detected using multiplex quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), with
tet
(B),
aad
(A), and
str
(A) each present in only one soil and
tet
(M) and
tet
(W) detected in all soils. The most frequently detected resistance genes were
tet
(B),
tet
(D),
tet
(O),
tet
(T), and
tet
(W) for tetracycline resistance,
str
(A),
str
(B), and
aac
for streptomycin resistance, and
erm
(C),
erm
(V),
erm
(X),
msr
(A),
ole
(B), and
vga
for erythromycin resistance. Transposon genes specific for Tn
916
, Tn
1549
, Tn
B1230
, Tn
4451
, and Tn
5397
were detected in soil bacterial isolates. The MIC ranges of isolated bacteria for tetracycline, streptomycin, and erythromycin were 8 to >256 μg/ml, 6 to >1,024 μg/ml, and 0.094 to >256 μg/ml, respectively. Based on 16S rRNA gene similarity, isolated bacteria showed high sequence identity to genera typical of soil communities. Bacteria with the highest MICs were detected in manure-amended soils or soils from agricultural systems with a history of antibiotic use. Non-manure-amended soils yielded larger proportions of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, but these had lower MICs, carried fewer antibiotic resistance genes, and did not display multidrug resistance (MDR).
In Vitro
Activity of BMS-790052 on Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 4 NS5A
Authors: Wang Chunfu , Jia Lingling , Huang Haichang , Qiu Dike , Valera Lourdes , Huang Xin , Sun Jin-Hua , Nower Peter T. , O'Boyle Donald R. , Gao Min , Fridell Robert A. 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACT

The antiviral profile of BMS-790052, a potent hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication complex inhibitor targeting nonstructural protein NS5A, is well characterized for HCV genotype-1. Here, we report that BMS-790052 inhibits hybrid replicons containing HCV genotype-4 NS5A genes with 50% effective concentrations (EC
50
s) ranging from 7 to 13 pM. NS5A residue 30 was an important site for BMS-790052-selected resistance in the hybrid replicons. Our results support the potential of BMS-790052 as a valuable component of combination therapy for HCV genotype-4 chronic infection.
Complete Genome Sequence of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Bacteriophage SPN1S
Authors: Shin Hakdong , Lee Ju-Hoon , Lim Jeong-A , Kim Hyeryen , Ryu Sangryeol 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACT

To understand the interaction between the host of pathogenic
Salmonella enterica
serovar Typhimurium and its bacteriophage, we isolated the bacteriophage SPN1S. It is a lysogenic phage in the
Podoviridae
family and uses the O-antigen of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) as a host receptor. Comparative genomic analysis of phage SPN1S and the
S. enterica
serovar Anatum-specific phage ε15 revealed different host specificities, probably due to the low homology of host specificity-related genes. Here we report the complete circular genome sequence of
S
. Typhimurium-specific bacteriophage SPN1S and show the results of our analysis.
Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Activity of GRN1005, a Novel Conjugate of Angiopep-2, a Peptide Facilitating Brain Penetration, and Paclitaxel, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Kurzrock Razelle , Gabrail Nash , Chandhasin Chandtip , Moulder Stacy , Smith Carrie , Brenner Andrew , Sankhala Kamalesh , Mita Alain , Elian Kelly , Bouchard Danielle , Sarantopoulos John 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
GRN1005 is a novel peptide–drug conjugate composed of paclitaxel covalently linked to a peptide, angiopep-2, that targets the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1. This first-in-human study evaluated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of GRN1005 in patients with advanced solid tumors. Patients in sequential cohorts (one patient per cohort until grade 2 toxicity, then 3 + 3 design) received intravenous GRN1005 at escalating doses between 30 and 700 mg/m2 once in every 21 days. In the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) expansion group, patients were required to have brain metastases. Fifty-six patients received GRN1005, including 41 with brain metastases (median number of prior therapies = 4). MTD was 650 mg/m2; the main dose-limiting toxicity was myelosuppression. Sixteen of 20 patients dosed at the MTD had brain metastases. Pharmacokinetics was dose linear and the mean terminal-phase elimination half-life was 3.6 hours. No evidence of accumulation was observed after repeat dosing. No anti-GRN1005 antibodies were detected. Five of the 20 patients (25%) dosed at 650 mg/m2 (MTD), three of whom had previous taxane therapy, achieved an overall partial response (breast, n = 2; non–small cell lung cancer, n = 2; and ovarian cancer, n = 1); responses in all five patients were also accompanied by shrinkage of brain lesions (−17% to −50%). In addition, six patients (11%; doses 30–700 mg/m2) experienced stable disease that lasted 4 months or more. GRN1005 was well tolerated and showed activity in heavily pretreated patients with advanced solid tumors, including those who had brain metastases and/or failed prior taxane therapy. Mol Cancer Ther; 11(2); 308–16. ©2011 AACR.