bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vascular access graft thrombosis by iatrogenic fistula
Authors: Hwang Jeong Kye , Moon In Sung , Kim Ji Il 
Published: May 2010

AbstractProsthetic arteriovenous graft thrombosis is multifactorial and includes stenosis of the graft‐venous and graft‐arterial anastomosis, excessive compression for hemostasis at the end of dialysis, complication of dialysis needle placement, hypotension, hypovolemia, and hypercoagulable states. We report a case of arteriovenous graft thrombosis resulting from a traumatic fistula between an arteriovenous graft and the adjacent basilic vein related to repeated cannulation. A 49‐year‐old female with end‐stage renal disease visited our department with a thrombosed left forearm arteriovenous graft. On physical examination, there was strong pulsation on the arterial limb of the graft, but no thrill and bruit on the venous limb. Fistulography was performed for endovascular treatment of the arteriovenous graft thrombosis. However, it showed a fistula arising from the dialysis graft and communicating with the adjacent basilic vein. The purpose of this discussion is to highlight a rare cause of vascular access graft thrombosis including etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.
Relationships between behavioral disturbances and cognitive function in elderly hemodialysis patients
Authors: Abo Shoko , Yamabe Hideaki , Urusizaka Mayumi , Ono Noriko , Narumi Choko 
Published: May 2010

AbstractOBJECTIVEWe studied the relationships between behavioral disturbances, cognitive function, and patient characteristics in elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis.METHODSThe study included 15 patients $65 years of age who were undergoing hemodialysis. Cognitive function was assessed using Hasegawa's Dementia Scale Revised Version (HDS‐R).The patients' nursing and dialysis records were scrutinized for 30 behavioral disturbance items and the numbers of items identified over a 6‐month period were recorded.RESULTSRelationships were detected between the levels of cognitive function and the total number of behavioral disturbances or specific behavioral disturbances. Behavioral disturbances appeared more frequently in the patients who were elderly, female, and who lived in care facilities.CONCLUSIONWe conclude that some behavioral disturbances in elderly hemodialysis patients are related to the levels of cognitive function and particular characteristics of the patients.
Monophasic parapharyngeal synovial sarcoma diagnosed by cytology, immunocytochemistry, and molecular pathology: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Ouansafi Ihsane , Klein Melissa , Sugrue Chiara , Morgenstern Nora , Frank Douglas , Wasserman Patricia 
Published: May 2010

AbstractSynovial sarcoma (SS) of the head and neck region are rare, accounting for less than 10% of all head and neck soft tissue sarcomas. A limited number of SS have been reported in the parapharyngeal space and these reports have all been based on histological examination of resection material. The diagnosis of monophasic SS on cytology is extremely difficult. We report the first case where a SS was correctly diagnosed on a fine needle aspirate by cytology with the assistance of immunocytochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization. We will emphasize the importance of ancillary techniques, such as immunocytochemistry and cytogenetic/molecular pathology, in avoiding diagnostic pitfalls and correctly diagnosing monophasic SS on cytologic material. We will propose an algorithmic approach to accurately diagnose parapharyngeal spindle cell neoplasms with the use of appropriate ancillary studies in conjunction to morphological features. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010;38:822–827. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Littoral cell angioma of the spleen diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration biopsy
Authors: Nagarajan Priyadharsini , Cai Gouping , Padda Manmeet S. , Selbst Megan , Kowalski Diane , Proctor Deborah D. , Chhieng David , Aslanian Harry R. , Harigopal Malini 
Published: May 2010

AbstractLittoral cell angiomas are uncommon primary vascular neoplasms that arise from the sinusoidal lining or littoral cells of the splenic red pulp, and hence are unique to the spleen. We report a case of littoral cell angioma in 34‐year‐old woman, which was diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration biopsy (EUS‐FNAB). The cytologic features of littoral cell angiomas have been described only in three previous case reports, one of which was a bench‐top aspirate. In our case, we have utilized the fine‐needle aspiration samples obtained by a linear endoscopic ultrasound examination for establishing the diagnosis. The characteristic cytologic features identified on the smears along with immunohistochemical analysis performed on the compact cellblock prepared from the aspirate aided in the confirmation of the diagnosis. We suggest that EUS‐FNAB is a safe and reliable method in the diagnosis of vascular lesions of the spleen. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011;39:318–322. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reliability of Her2/neu, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor testing by immunohistochemistry on cell block of FNA and serous effusions from patients with primary and metastatic breast carcinoma
Authors: Shabaik Ahmed , Lin Grace , Peterson Michael , Hasteh Farnaz , Tipps Ann , Datnow Brian , Weidner Noel 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe prognostic and predictive value of Her2/neu and the hormone receptors in patient with primary or metastatic breast cancer is essential for a favorable outcome of treatment. We have been experiencing increasing requests to test cytologic specimens for these markers in patients with metastatic breast carcinoma. A recent study threw some doubts on the validity of such testing using cell blocks. In this study we compared our immunohistochemical Her2/neu, ER and PR testing performed on 42 formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded cell blocks from 27 fine needle aspirations (FNA) and 15 serous effusions of 42 patients with metastatic (n = 38) and primary (n = 4) breast carcinoma to the test results obtained on tissue sections. In seven cases the Her2/neu immunohistochemistry (IHC) results on cell blocks were also compared with Her2/neu fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on tissue or cell block. The study revealed 100% correlation for positive and negative Her2/neu results. For ER testing the results showed 85.7% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% positive predictive value (PPV), and 85.7% negative predictive value (NPV). For PR testing the results showed 80% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% PPV, and 88.8% NPV respectively. In conclusion, IHC for Her2/neu, ER and PR performed on formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded cell blocks prepared from fresh FNA and serous fluid is reliable in predicting the expression of these markers when correlated with IHC and FISH performed on the corresponding tumor tissue. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011;39:328–332. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Objective assessment of conjunctival squamous metaplasia by measures of cell and nucleus dimensions
Authors: Doughty Michael J. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe main aim of this work is to present a special method for conjunctival impression cytology (CIC) and objective measures of measure cell and nucleus dimensions.CIC using Millicell® Biopore filters was obtained from 50 Caucasian adults from the nasal bulbar conjunctiva. Giemsa‐stained images of cells in a monolayer were photographed with a scale bar and projected at 1,500× to generate an overlay. Measures were made of both the long (L) and short (S) dimensions of the cells and the longest dimension of the nucleus (LN). The selected images comprised sets of 10 from different individuals, which had been assigned grades 0, 1, 2, or 3 and an additional grade 0.5.L ranged from 18.4 to 65.2 μm, S from 13.1 to 47.1 μm, to give average cell shape values (L:S ratio) of between 1.259 and 1.890. L and S were smallest for grade 0 cells (group mean 19.8 ± 1.1 and 14.8 ± 1.2 μm) and largest for grade 3 cells (group 51.2 ± 7.2 and 37.2 ± 4.7 μm), with no difference in L:S ratios across the cell grades. Longest dimension of the nucleus (NL) values ranged from 8.7 to 14.5 μm, with group mean values of 9.8 ± 0.6 μm for grade 0 cells and 12.9 ± 1.2 μm for grade 3 cells. NL was nonlinearly associated with L.Measures of conjunctival cell and nucleus dimensions can be used to objectively distinguish between cells assigned different grades of squamous metaplasia, with slight nucleus enlargement being the earliest detectable change (at grade 0.5). Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011;39:409–423. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ontogeny of energy homeostatic pathways via neuroendocrine signaling in Atlantic salmon
Authors: Moen Anne‐Grethe Gamst , Murashita Koji , Finn Roderick Nigel 
Published: May 2010

AbstractLeptin and ghrelin are known to regulate energy homeostasis via hypothalamic neuropeptide signaling in mammals. Recent studies have discovered that these hormones exist in teleosts, however, very little is known concerning their role during teleost ontogeny. Here, we have examined the steady state levels of leptins, ghrelins, their target neuropetides and several growth factors during Atlantic salmon development. Initial experiments revealed differential expression of leptin genes and ghrelin isoforms during embryogenesis. In larvae, equal upregulation of ghrl1 and ghrl2 was observed just prior to exogenous feeding while a surge of lepa1 occurred one week after first‐feeding. Subsequent dissection of the embryos and larvae showed that lepa1, cart, pomca1, and agrp are supplied as maternal transcripts. The earliest zygotic expression was observed for lepa1 and cart at 320 day degrees. By 400 day degrees, this expression was localized to the head and coincided with upregulation of ghrl2 and npy. Over the hatching period growth factor signaling predominated. The ghrelin surge prior to first‐feeding was exclusively localized in the internal organs and coincided with upregulation of npy and agrp in the head and agrp in the trunk. One week after exogenous feeding was established major peaks were detected in the head for lepa1 and pomca1 with increasing levels of cart, while lepa1 was also significantly expressed in the trunk. By integrating theses data into an ontogenetic model, we suggest that the mediation of Atlantic salmon energy homeostatic pathways via endocrine and neuropeptide signaling retains putative features of the mammalian system. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 70: 649–658, 2010
Photonic‐crystal surface‐emitting laser
Authors: Miyai Eiji , Noda Susumu 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe unique properties of a photonic‐crystal surface‐emitting laser are reported. Single‐mode operation over a large area can be achieved due to the effect of zero group velocity in the band edge mode. This leads to high‐power operation and on‐demand beam control. Various beam patterns, including doughnut, multiple doughnuts, and circular, are generated by the design of the lattice structure, and show potential for application in various fields. Furthermore, the output power almost reaches 1 W under pulsed conditions. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 93(6): 48–53, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10199
Early phase discharge voltage characteristics of La0.5Sr0.5CoO3used as a cathode material
Authors: Ichibakase Tsuyoshi 
Published: May 2010

AbstractLa0.5Sr0.5CoO3was used as a cathode material for the first time in plasma display panels installed in handheld personal computers. It has favorable antisputtering characteristics and stable discharge characteristics in gases. Cathodes made of La0.5Sr0.5CoO3have a unique early‐phase discharge voltage characteristic, in which the discharge voltage continues to decrease from the starting value. In this report, the discharge voltage shift of La0.5Sr0.5CoO3was investigated by analysis of a DC plasma panel that was fabricated as a prototype. It is assumed that the discharge voltage shift is caused by a current density shift in the cathode surface, and that the current density shift is caused by the surface profile of the cathode particles. In order to elucidate the mechanism involved, a spherical model was applied to the variation of the discharge voltage, and the calculated and measured values were compared. The calculated values correspond approximately to the measured values. This spherical model is useful for predicting the change in the discharge voltage up to the attainment of its minimum value. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 93(6): 41–47, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10201
Detection of metastable excited molecules N2(A3Σu+) in an atmospheric pressure nitrogen discharge by Raman scattering
Authors: Fukuchi Tetsuo 
Published: May 2010

AbstractRaman scattering from metastable excited nitrogen molecules N2(A3Σu+) created by an impulse discharge in nitrogen at atmospheric pressure was detected. A pulsed Nd:YAG laser at a wavelength of 266 nm was used as the light source, and Raman scattering from N2(A3Σu+) at a wavelength of 277 nm was detected using an interference filter and photomultiplier tube. The filter had sufficient rejection of Rayleigh scattering of laser light at a wavelength of 266 nm and of Raman scattering from ground‐state nitrogen molecules N2(X1Σg+) at a wavelength of 284 nm. The temporal variation of the signal intensity of Raman scattering from N2(A3Σu+) was measured by transmitting the laser light at different time delays relative to sparkover. The results showed that the signal intensity decayed with a time constant of about 200µs. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 93(6): 34–40, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10205
Dual‐band microstrip‐line BPFs using tap‐coupling resonators
Authors: Okuzaki Nobuhiko , Shimakata Yukihiro , Yamauchi Mitsuyuki , Wada Kouji , Iwasaki Takashi 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe focused on various dual‐band microstrip‐line bandpass filters (BPFs) based on tap‐coupled resonators. Three types of BPFs, the basic type, multiple‐pole type, and wideband type, were proposed and designed by classical filter theory based on the narrowband approximation method. These filters were analyzed by original computation programs and commercial circuit and electromagnetic simulators. The proposed BPFs were then fabricated and measured in the laboratory. The results confirm that the proposed BPFs produce dual passband response, multiple attenuation poles, and wide‐passband characteristics. Very good agreement is found between the results of simulations and experiments. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 93(6): 25–33, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10212
A state predictor‐based reinforcement learning system
Authors: Kobayashi Kunikazu , Nakano Koji , Kuremoto Takashi , Obayashi Masanao 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe present paper proposes a new reinforcement learning (RL) system called a state predictor‐based RL system in order to solve the explosion of state space and create cooperative behaviors in multiagent systems. The proposed system realizes a predictive function by representing both the present and the next state‐action groups with ITPM, an incremental topology map. The proposed system is applied to the pursuit problem, and its performance is evaluated by comparison with the conventional RL method in computer simulations. The experimental results show that the proposed system can appropriately learn in a complex environment which is hardly solved by the conventional RL. Furthermore, it is confirmed that the proposed system can acquire cooperative strategies. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 93(6): 8–18, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10258
Modelling rainfall interception loss in forest restoration trials in Panama
Authors: Carlyle‐Moses Darryl E. , Park Andrew D. , Cameron Jessie Lee 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA modified Liu analytical model of rainfall interception (Ic) by tree canopies was evaluated using rainfall, throughfall and stemflow data collected from forest restoration trials in the Republic of Panama. The model uses an introduced approach to estimating the water storage capacities of tree boles, which has a more realistic physical basis than earlier iterations of the Liu model. Study species (Acacia mangium, Gliricidia sepium, Guazuma ulmifolia, Ochroma pyramidale, and Pachira quinata) were selected on the basis of differing leaf size and crown characteristics. Significant interspecific differences in both observed and simulated cumulative interception loss were found, with A. mangium intercepting more rainfall than other species. Errors between calculated and modelled cumulative Ic ranged from + 6·3% to + 30·5%, with modelled Ic always being the larger term. During‐event evaporation rates from the study trees were positively related to tree height, crown area, and basal diameter. Crown area and the storage capacity of tree boles were negatively correlated. The results of a sensitivity analysis suggested that the modified model was most sensitive to variations in during‐event evaporation rate. The implications of the model's sensitivity to during‐event evaporation and the importance of this mechanism of interception loss are discussed, while suggestions are provided that may lead to further improvements to the analytical model. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The influence of stream channels on distributions of Larrea tridentata and Ambrosia dumosa in the Mojave Desert, CA, USA: patterns, mechanisms and effects of stream redistribution
Authors: Schwinning S. , Sandquist D. R. , Miller D. M. , Bedford D. R. , Phillips S. L. , Belnap J. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractDrainage channels are among the most conspicuous surficial features of deserts, but little quantitative analysis of their influence on plant distributions is available. We analysed the effects of desert stream channels (‘washes’) on Larrea tridentata and Ambrosia dumosa density and cover on an alluvial piedmont in the Mojave Desert, based on a spatial analysis of transect data encompassing a total length of 2775 m surveyed in 5 cm increments. Significant deviations from average transect properties were identified by bootstrapping. Predictably, shrub cover and density were much reduced inside washes, and elevated above average levels adjacent to washes. Average Larrea and Ambrosia cover and density peaked 1·2–1·6 m and 0·5–1·0 m from wash edges, respectively. We compared wash effects in runon‐depleted (−R) sections, where washes had been cut off from runon and were presumably inactive, with those in runon‐supplemented (+R) sections downslope from railroad culverts to help identify mechanisms responsible for the facilitative effect of washes on adjacent shrubs. Shrub cover and density near washes peaked in both + R and − R sections, suggesting that improved water infiltration and storage alone can cause a facilitative effect on adjacent shrubs. However, washes of < 2 m width in + R sections had larger than average effects on peak cover, suggesting that plants also benefit from occasional resource supplementation. The data suggest that channel networks significantly contribute to structuring plant communities in the Mojave Desert and their disruption has notable effects on geomorphic and ecological processes far beyond the original disturbance sites. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An assessment of cellulose filters as a standardized material for measuring litter breakdown in headwater streams
Authors: Fritz Ken M. , Fulton Stephanie , Johnson Brent R. , Barton Chris D. , Jack Jeff D. , Word David A. , Burke Roger A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe decay rate of cellulose filters and associated chemical and biological characteristics were compared with those of white oak (Quercus alba) leaves to determine whether cellulose filters could be a suitable standardized material for assessing deciduous leaf breakdown in headwater streams. The comparison was done across reaches draining mixed deciduous forest and post‐coal mining catchments, in natural and constructed channels, and ranged in flow duration from ephemeral to perennial. Decay rates of leaves and filters were predicted to differ at a given site, but the decay rates and associated characteristics of leaf and filter litterbags would be positively related. Filter decay rates did not differ across channel type or flow permanence class. Oak leaves decayed ca 2·5× faster than cellulose filters and there was no relationship between decay rates (R2 = 0·02). Ergosterol concentration, total invertebrate density, shredder density, total invertebrate biomass and taxa richness were significantly higher in oak litterbags than in filter litterbags across four sampling dates over 306 days. The biomass of invertebrate shredders colonizing litterbags did not differ between the substrate types. The C:N content was higher for filters than for oak leaves, but the mean difference between substrates decreased by ∼10‐fold over the 306‐day study. In contrast, mean differences in ergosterol concentration between substrates increased threefold over the study. Although characteristics associated with filter litterbags were positively related to those of oak leaf litterbags, most relationships had low explanatory power (R2⩽0·3); however, stronger relationships existed for total invertebrate density, shredder density and taxa richness (R2 = 0·78). Although a standardized material would be useful for incorporating litter breakdown in stream assessments, because of the strong differences in decay rate and associated characteristics, we cannot recommend cellulose filters as a suitable substrate to represent the natural breakdown of leaf material. Published in 2010. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
The ecohydrology of roots in rocks
Authors: Schwinning Susanne 
Published: May 2010

AbstractLarge portions of the world are characterized by shallow soil underlain by weathered bedrock or cemented soil horizons. The implications of this substrate condition for ecohydrological processes have not been systematically explored, but misrepresentation in models could have profound consequences for climate prediction and global vegetation modelling. An issue of particular uncertainty is the characterization of water storage for these regions. A limited number of case studies have shown that plant water uptake is not restricted to shallow soils but can involve uptake from rock layers below. The mechanisms governing root–rock interactions are only beginning to be investigated. Research is needed to further characterize the dynamics of water recharge and depletion in weathered bedrock, to develop a better understanding of plant adaptations and rooting patterns required for effective use of bedrock‐stored water, and to explore consequences for below‐ground competition. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.