bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of U6 Promoter Activity by Transcriptional Interference in Viral Vector-Based RNAi
Authors: Nie Linghu , Thakur Meghna Das , Wang Yumei , Su Qin , Zhao Yongliang , Feng Yunfeng 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
The direct negative impact of the transcriptional activity of one component on the second one in cis is referred to as transcriptional interference (TI). U6 is a type III RNA polymerase III promoter commonly used for driving small hairpin RNA (shRNA) expression in vector-based RNAi. In the design and construction of viral vectors, multiple transcription units may be arranged in close proximity in a space-limited vector. Determining if U6 promoter activity can be affected by TI is critical for the expression of target shRNA in gene therapy or loss-of-function studies. In this research, we designed and implemented a modified retroviral system where shRNA and exogenous gene expressions were driven by two independent transcriptional units. We arranged U6 promoter driving shRNA expression and UbiC promoter in two promoter arrangements. In primary macrophages, we found U6 promoter activity was inhibited by UbiC promoter when in the divergent arrangement but not in tandem. In contrast, PKG promoter had no such negative impact. Instead of enhancing U6 promoter activity, CMV enhancer had significant negative impact on U6 promoter activity in the presence of UbiC promoter. Our results indicate that U6 promoter activity can be affected by TI in a proximal promoter-specific and arrangement-dependent manner.
Formation of spinel-cordierite-plagioclase symplectites replacing andalusite in metapelitic migmatites of the Alvand aureole, Iran
Authors: SAKI A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSpinel–cordierite–plagioclase symplectites partially replacing andalusite occur in the metapelitic migmatite rocks of the Alvand aureole within the Sanandaj–Sirjan metamorphic belt, Hamadan, Iran. The presence of melt shows that corona development occurred under partial melting conditions. Spinel is predicted to grow with cordierite at around 700°C. Exhaustion of the available SiO2 and/or separation of sillimanite/andalusite from SiO2-rich matrix domains by cordierite resulted in the formation of localized low-silica activity domains and thus triggered the growth of spinel in the rim of andalusite, the reaction Sil/And + Bt = Crd + Spl + Kfs + melt, as the most common reaction for the development of coronas in the metapelitic of Alvand aureole. The breakdown of garnet to plagioclase + sillimanite, dehydration melting and the formation of spinel–plagioclase symplectite could occur during heating or decompression; these textures are limited to the contact aureole in the studied area, so heating is perhaps the more likely explanation for formation of the symplectites in the metapelitic rocks of the Alvand aureole. The P–T diagram, inferred paths and zoning profiles of garnet do not account for the decompression history of the terrane.
Social Realism and Imaginative Theatre: Avant-Garde Stage Production in the American Social Theatre of the Nineteen-thirties
Authors: Gassner John 
Published: October 2010

It has long been customary to deal with the social theatre of the 1930's in terms of explicit content; I shall deal with it in terms of theatrical style.The first point that needs to be made is that realism was not a discovery of the social theatre of the 1930's. Both as an ideal and as a practice, realism was strongly in evidence in the 1920's, if not indeed in the successful Belascoism of earlier decades. The producer-director Arthur Hopkins, whose Shakespearian productions in association with his distinguished designer Robert Edmond Jones were notably symbolistic, had perhaps his greatest success with his naturalistic production of What Price Glory? in 1924. The nascent Theatre Guild, which was about to collapse after its initial production in 1919 of Benavente's symbolist commedia dell'arte, The Bonds of Interest, was launched upon a successful career with its next, ultra-realistic, production of St. John Ervine's John Ferguson.
King Lear in Germany, France, and Italy
Authors: Rosenberg Marvin 
Published: October 2010

A Play-by-Play history of King Lear in Germany, France, and Italy would be a dull thing; but a discussion of the special qualities found in the tragedy at historic theatrical moments can illuminate both the work of art and the cultural and artistic environment in which it was presented.The German productions offer the best example of the range of possibilities found in Lear in Continental theatre because the play has had there its longest history of production, outside of England.
Hamlet as Edwin Booth
Authors: Cohen Robert 
Published: October 2010

Since Edwin Booth was so generally considered the best American actor of his time (some say of all time), and since Hamlet was his best known and most frequently performed role, our interest in it is more than academic. Booth knew Hamlet as well as any man in his century. His particular illumination of the role—an intellectual, neurotic, romantic Hamlet—has become a part of our own understanding of the character and has been reflected in the recent interpretations of Burton, O'Toole, and Plummer.Booth first played Hamlet in California, at the suggestion of his father, Junius Brutus Booth, and it quickly became his most celebrated role. When Edwin joined with John (Sleeper) Clarke and William Stuart in the management of the Winter Garden Theatre in New York, Hamlet was his first production. It had a phenomenal run of one-hundred nights, setting a record which was not eclipsed for some time.
The Awnings of Roman Theatres and Amphitheatres
Authors: Montilla Robert B. 
Published: October 2010

Unquestionably an awning or system of awnings was used as a protective cover over Roman theatres and amphitheatres during the Empire. Its appearance and operation however, still puzzle theatre historians.Because only scanty descriptive evidence of it is available, historians mention the awning barely, if at all. What comments they do make are often incorrect. For example, Bieber's statement that the awnings were “to protect the spectators from rain and sunburn” is true only of the sunburn. In the light of this and other misconceptions about the Roman awning, a review of the evidence is now in order.
On the Authenticity of the “Moral Dialogues” Playbill
Authors: Mays David D. 
Published: October 2010

On Monday, June 10, at the Public House of the above Inn, will be Delivered a Series of MORAL DIALOGUES, IN FIVE PARTS, depicting the evil effects of jealousy and other bad passions, and proving that happiness can only spring from the pursuit of virtue.MR. DOUGLAS will represent a noble and magnanimous Moor named Othello, who loves a young lady named Desdemona, and after he has married her, harbors (as in too many cases) the dreadful passion of jealousy.
Frontier Dramatizations: The James Gang
Authors: Hall Roger Allan 
Published: October 2010

Jesse James was shot on April 3, 1882. By the next theatrical season three different companies were presenting the story of the James gang to New York audiences.Drama about American frontier figures was nothing new; late nineteenth century audiences were enamoured of tales of the frontier. Frank Murdoch's Davy Crockett, in which Frank Mayo starred for over twenty years, and William F. “Buffalo Bill” Cody's Wild West show, which played for over thirty years, were but the most famous and successful of the hundreds of plays, lectures, exhibitions, and demonstrations about frontier life that regaled theatre patrons.
Reviewers' Responses to the Early Plays of Eugene O'Neill: A Study in Influence
Authors: Jiji Vera 
Published: October 2010

Eugene O'Neill would certainly have agreed with Susanne Langer's suggestive description of drama in Feeling and Form:Drama is a great form which…. express[es]…. the whole life of feeling—call it “felt life,” “subjectivity,” “direct experience,” or what you will—which finds its articulate expression in art, and, I believe—only in art…. It…. objectif[ies] our subjective being—the most intimate “Reality” that we know. This function, and not the recording of contemporary scenes, politics, or even moral attitudes, is what relates art to life (366).
Long Day's Journey was the “Wrong” Play
Authors: Ryan Pat M. 
Published: October 2010

“I don't think I'll have anything very interesting to tell you.”When I met and interviewed Karl Ragnar Gierow in his office at the Royal Swedish Academy, Stockholm, February 27, 1973, he at first expressed skepticism about whether there was any Eugene O'Neill story to be told. But I had earlier paid several visits to the archives of the Royal Dramatic Theatre (Kungliga Dramatiska Teatern/ Dramaten); had closely researched the historic O'Neill world premieres (1956–62) while Gierow was Dramaten's General Intendant (Manager); and had been carefully coached by Stig Torsslow, the theatre's venerable Dramaturg, concerning Gierow's exploits in acquiring, translating, and producing four of O'Neill's posthumous plays. These comprised Long Day's Journey into Night (February 10, 1956); A Touch of the Poet (March 19, 1957); Hughie (September 18, 1958); and More Stately Mansions (November 9, 1962). I had come to my appointment with Gierow bearing some essential facts and with plenty of questions about Long Day's Journey and the playwright's widow, Carlotta Monterey O'Neill. Gierow was cordial, accommodating, and forthcoming with marvelous remembered details. I returned to Finland (where I was a Senior Fulbright-Hays Scholar) full of appreciation for Torsslow's avuncular counsel and Gierow's vivid recollections. I carried along voluminous notes from my longsought interview and copies of some O'Neill scripts from Dramaten for the Library of Åbo Akademi.
The Silver Age Actress as Unruly Woman Starring Lidia lavorskaia as Madonna
Authors: Schuler Catherine 
Published: October 2010

“And as for ‘art,’ well, philosophers differ. But it's widely believed by wise people that art and ego sit uncomfortably together.” Joseph Sobran,The National Review, 1991.Just when Madonna, the performer one critic recently referred to as a “schlockmistress,” seemed doomed to a future as the subject of scholarly articles on pop and post-modern aesthetics, she's in the news again with a coffee table best seller on the joys of sex with anything that moves and some things that don't. Madonna, the high priestess of American pop culture, has constructed a multi-million dollar performance empire, the success of which rests primarily on her extraordinary ability to behave outrageously and market it. Though pre-pubescent females are Madonna's most ardent and uncritical admirers, her concerts and films attract a heterogeneous crowd of men, women, gays, and straights–most of them under thirty. In spite of (or perhaps because of) her immense popular following, the press loathes her. Mainstream critics deplore her dissipated lifestyle, sexual athletics, and public exhibitionism, while avant-garde critics regard her performances as trendy schlock rather than legitimate art. This has little effect on Madonna except to increase curiosity about her (and therefore sales of the book and videotapes) among ordinary citizens who might otherwise be completely indifferent to the Madonna phenomenon.
Person as scientist, person as moralist
Authors: Knobe Joshua 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIt has often been suggested that people's ordinary capacities for understanding the world make use of much the same methods one might find in a formal scientific investigation. A series of recent experimental results offer a challenge to this widely-held view, suggesting that people'smoraljudgments can actually influence the intuitions they hold both in folk psychology and in causal cognition. The present target article distinguishes two basic approaches to explaining such effects. One approach would be to say that the relevant competencies are entirely non-moral but that some additional factor (conversational pragmatics, performance error, etc.) then interferes and allows people's moral judgments to affect their intuitions. Another approach would be to say that moral considerations truly do figure in workings of the competencies themselves. I argue that the data available now favor the second of these approaches over the first.
Scala for generic programmers
Authors: OLIVEIRA BRUNO C. D. S. , GIBBONS JEREMY 
Published: October 2010

AbstractDatatype-generic programming (DGP) involves parametrization of programs by the shape of data, in the form of type constructors such as ‘list of’. Most approaches to DGP are developed in pure functional programming languages such as Haskell. We argue that the functional object-oriented language Scala is in many ways a better choice. Not only does Scala provide equivalents of all the necessary functional programming features (such as parametric polymorphism, higher-order functions, higher-kinded type operations, and type- and constructor-classes), but it also provides the most useful features of object-oriented languages (such as subtyping, overriding, traditional single inheritance, and multiple inheritance in the form of traits). Common Haskell techniques for DGP can be conveniently replicated in Scala, whereas the extra expressivity provides some important additional benefits in terms of extensibility and reuse. We illustrate this by comparing two simple approaches in Haskell, pointing out their limitations and showing how equivalent approaches in Scala address some of these limitations. Finally, we present three case studies on how to implement in Scala real DGP approaches from the literature: Hinze's ‘Generics for the Masses’, Lämmel and Peyton Jones's ‘Scrap your Boilerplate with Class’, and Gibbons's ‘Origami Programming’.
Deterministic shift-reduce parsing for unification-based grammars
Authors: NINOMIYA TAKASHI , MATSUZAKI TAKUYA , SHIMIZU NOBUYUKI , NAKAGAWA HIROSHI 
Published: October 2010

AbstractMany parsing techniques assume the use of a packed parse forest to enable efficient and accurate parsing. However, they suffer from an inherent problem that derives from the restriction of locality in the packed parse forest. Deterministic parsing is one solution that can achieve simple and fast parsing without the mechanisms of the packed parse forest by accurately choosing search paths. We propose new deterministic shift-reduce parsing and its variants for unification-based grammars. Deterministic parsing cannot simply be applied to unification-based grammar parsing, which often fails because of its hard constraints. Therefore, this is developed by using default unification, which almost always succeeds in unification by overwriting inconsistent constraints in grammars.
Śaivism in the Gupta-Vākāṭaka Age
Authors: BISSCHOP PETER 
Published: October 2010

AbstractOne of the features of the Gupta-Vākāṭaka age is the growth of Śaivism. In this article some of the epigraphical evidence for this process is assembled and discussed. While the direct evidence for the adoption of Śiva worship among the Guptas is limited to ministers of the Gupta court, it is clear that the Vākāṭaka kings were predominantly Māheśvaras. New fragmentary wall inscriptions uncovered from Mansar, the site of Pravarasena II's palace, hint at a possible connection with the teachings of theŚvetāśvatara-Upaniṣad. Two post-Gupta inscriptions from the area around Mandasor are discussed in the light of a tendency towards religious hierarchisation, an attitude which came to be increasingly characteristic of early medieval Śaivism. In the second part attention is drawn to the variety of Pāśupata and Māheśvara worship in the Gupta-Vākāṭaka age, as well as to the trifold organisation of the Pāśupata movement. The article ends with a note on the interaction with non-Śaiva traditions, in particular Buddhism, and its possible impact upon the formation of the Pāśupata movement.
Royal Patronage and Religious Tolerance The Formative Period of Gupta–Vākāṭaka Culture
Authors: BAKKER HANS 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPatronage by the royal court of religious institutions and foundations is one of the hallmarks of the development of India under the rule of the Gupta and Vākāṭaka kings (4th–5th centuries). This patronage was extended also to religious movements other than the king's own persuasion. The evolving culture of religious tolerance and enthusiasm is apparent in the temple monuments of the time. In this article we focus on four archeological sites where these developments become best visible: Udayagiri, Māṇḍhaḷ, Rāmagiri (Ramtek), and Mansar. The close relationship of the Gupta and Vākāṭaka realms is investigated in its local settings. Renewed attention is given to the ‘Mandhal Inscription, Year 5’ of the Vākāṭaka king Rudrasena II and the deity on whose authority the charter was issued: Muṇḍasvāmin. It is argued that the name Muṇḍa refers to no one else than the Gupta queen of Rudrasena II, Prabhāvatī Guptā. During the last decade, excavations in Mansar (5 km west of Ramtek) have brought to light the state sanctuary of the youngest son of Prabhāvatī, Pravarasena II. The findings there are placed within the tradition that can be traced back, through Rāmagiri and Māṇḍhaḷ, to the religious foundations in Udayagiri.
ON SUBGROUPS OF CLIFFORD GROUPS DEFINED BY JORDAN PAIRS OF RECTANGULAR MATRICES
Authors: IKAI HISATOSHI 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSome embeddings of general linear groups into hyperbolic Clifford groups are constructed generically by using Jordan pairs of rectangular and alternating matrices over a ring. In low rank cases through exceptional isomorphisms, their direct description and relationships to some automorphisms of Clifford groups are given. Generic norms are calculated in detail, and equivariant embeddings of representation spaces are constructed.
ID 3 Evolution of Structure in the Universe
Authors: White Simon D. M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractRecent studies of the Cosmic Microwave Background have provided us with a high quality image of the Universe when it was only 380,000 years old. At that time it was a near-uniform mixture of hydrogen, helium, dark matter and radiation, with no galaxies, no stars, no planets and no people, indeed no atomic nuclei heavier than Lithium. Under the action of gravity, the weak fluctuations observed in the microwave sky evolved into the extraordinarliy complex structure of our present Universe. I will show how supercomputer simulations can be used to demonstrate that such evolution does indeed reproduce the observed properties of today's galaxies and large-scale structures, thus confirming the extraordinary assumptions of the current structure formation paradigm. Only a quarter of the energy density of the present Universe is in gravitating matter; only a sixth of this matter is made of atoms or other known particles; only 5 percent of this baryonic material is currently inside galaxies. Most of today's Universe is in the form of Dark Energy; most of the gravitating matter is Dark Matter; and most of the baryons remain unseen in intergalactic space. The properties of the fluctuations measured in the microwave sky suggest that they originated very close to the Big Bang as quantum fluctuations of the vacuum itself. Everything has formed from nothing.
Weak lensing constraints on the dark matter haloes of early type galaxies
Authors: Natarajan Priyamvada 
Published: October 2010

AbstractConstraints on the masses of dark matter haloes associated with galaxies in the field and in clusters have been successfully obtained used galaxy-galaxy lensing techniques. Weak lensing thus provides important information on the mass distribution in galaxies at large radii in a statistical fashion. Current work suggests that all galaxies possess extended dark matter haloes, however those that host galaxies in clusters are less extended and less massive.
Dark-Matter in Galaxies from Gravitational Lensing and Stellar Dynamics Studies
Authors: Koopmans L. V. E. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractStrong gravitational lensing and stellar dynamics provide two complementary methods in the study of the mass distribution of dark matter in galaxies out to redshift of unity. They are particularly powerful in the determination of the total mass and the density profile of mass early-type galaxies on kpc to tens of kpc scales, and also reveal the presence of mass-substructure on sub-kpc scale. I will shortly discuss these topics in this review.
Empirical Scaling Relations
Authors: Treu Tommaso 
Published: October 2010

AbstractEarly-type galaxies do not come in any shape, form, and color. Many of their observable properties obey tight correlations, also known as empirical scaling relations. The correlations are non-trivial, in the sense that they cannot be explained by simple physical or dimensional arguments. A subset of the empirical scaling relations connects baryonic observables with quantities that depend on the total gravitational potential of the galaxies, and thus on their dark matter content. These correlations are a fundamental testbed for our understanding of the formation and evolution of early-type galaxies, and, more in general, of the physical processes that determine the interplay between baryons and dark matter at galactic scales.
Red Galaxies Growing in Dark Matter Halos
Authors: Brown Michael J. I. ,   the Boötes Field Collaborations
Published: October 2010

AbstractTo understand the slow growth of massive galaxies at z < 1, we have modeled how these galaxies populate dark matter halos. The models are constrained with the observed luminosity function and clustering of z < 1 red galaxies. In the most massive halos, much of the stellar mass resides within multiple satellite galaxies rather than a single central galaxy. Consequently, massive galaxies grow slowly within rapidly growing dark matter halos.
X-rays and dynamics
Authors: Pellegrini Silvia 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe hot X-ray emitting interstellar medium of early type galaxies can be used in principle as a total mass tracer and a tool to determine the stellar orbital anisotropy, based on the hypothesis of hydrostatic equilibrium for it. Here the effects that deviations from equilibrium have on both estimates are shown, and a comparison is made with cases for which accurate optical and X-ray information are available.
JD3 – Neutron Stars: Timing in Extreme Environments
Authors: Belloni Tomaso M. , Méndez Mariano , Zhang Chengmin 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe space-time around Neutron Stars is indeed an extreme environment. Whether they are in accreting binary systems, isolated or in non-accreting binaries (perhaps with another Neutron Star), Neutron Stars provide a window onto physical processes not accessible by other means. In particular, the study of their time variability: pulsations, quasi-periodic oscillations, thermonuclear X-ray bursts, flares and giant-flares, pulsar glitches and pulse period variations, constitutes a valuable instrument to unveil those very same physical processes. Here we briefly summarize the most important results presented at Joint Discussion 3 of the XXVII IAU General Assembly.
High-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations in accreting neutron-star systems
Authors: Méndez Mariano 
Published: October 2010

AbstractKilohertz quasi-periodic oscillations (kHz QPOs) are the fastest (almost coherent) variability measured in accreting X-ray binaries with a neutron-star primary. Here I review the rôle of the neutron-star spin in driving the frequencies of the kHz QPOs.