bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
No evidence for XMRV association in pediatric idiopathic diseases in France
Authors: Jeziorski Eric , Foulongne Vincent , Ludwig Catherine , Louhaem Djamel , Chiocchia Gilles , Segondy Michel , Rodière Michel , Sitbon Marc , Courgnaud Valérie 
Published: August 2010

AbstractRetroviruses have been linked to a variety of diseases such as neoplastic and immunodeficiency disorders and neurologic and respiratory diseases. Recently, a novel infectious human retrovirus, the xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV), has been identified in cohorts of patients with either a familial type of prostate cancer or chronic fatigue syndrome. The apparent unrelatedness of these diseases raised the question of the potential involvement of XMRV in other diseases.Here, we investigated the presence of XMRV in a selection of pediatric idiopathic infectious diseases with symptoms that are suggestive of a retroviral infection, as well as in children with respiratory diseases and in adult patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA). Using a XMRVenv-nested PCR, we screened 72 DNA samples obtained from 62 children hospitalized in the Montpellier university hospital (France) for hematological, neurological or inflammatory pathologies, 80 DNA samples from nasopharyngeal aspirates from children with respiratory diseases and 19 DNA samples from SpA. None of the samples tested was positive for XMRV or MLV-likeenvsequences, indicating that XMRV is not involved in these pathologies.
Cellular apoptosis susceptibility (CSE1L/CAS) protein in cancer metastasis and chemotherapeutic drug-induced apoptosis
Authors: Tai Cheng-Jeng , Hsu Chung-Huei , Shen Shing-Chuan , Lee Woan-Ruoh , Jiang Ming-Chung 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
The cellular apoptosis susceptibility (CSE1L/CAS) protein is highly expressed in cancer, and its expression is positively correlated with high cancer stage, high cancer grade, and worse outcomes of patients. CSE1L (or CAS) regulates chemotherapeutic drug-induced cancer cell apoptosis and may play important roles in mediating the cytotoxicities of chemotherapeutic drugs against cancer cells in cancer chemotherapy. CSE1L was originally regarded as a proliferation-associated protein and was thought to regulate the proliferation of cancer cells in cancer progression. However, the results of experimental studies showed that enhanced CSE1L expression is unable to increase proliferation of cancer cells and CSE1L regulates invasion and metastasis but not proliferation of cancer cells. Recent studies revealed that CSE1L is a secretory protein, and there is a higher prevalence of secretory CSE1L in the sera of patients with metastatic cancer. Therefore, CSE1L may be a useful serological marker for screening, diagnosis and prognosis, assessment of therapeutic responses, and monitoring for recurrence of cancer. In this paper, we review the expression of CSE1L in cancer and discuss why CSE1L regulates the invasion and metastasis rather than the proliferation of cancer.
The use of exenatide in severely burned pediatric patients
Authors: Mecott Gabriel A , Herndon David N , Kulp Gabriela A , Brooks Natasha C , Al-Mousawi Ahmed M , Kraft Robert , Rivero Haidy G , Williams Felicia N , Branski Ludwik K , Jeschke Marc G 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Introduction
Intensive insulin treatment (IIT) has been shown to improve outcomes post-burn in severely burnt patients. However, it increases the incidence of hypoglycemia and is associated with risks and complications. We hypothesized that exenatide would decrease plasma glucose levels post-burn to levels similar to those achieved with IIT, and reduce the amount of exogenous insulin administered.

Methods
This open-label study included 24 severely burned pediatric patients. Six were randomized to receive exenatide, and 18 received IIT during acute hospitalization (block randomization). Exenatide and insulin were administered to maintain glucose levels between 80 and 140 mg/dl. We determined 6 AM, daily average, maximum and minimum glucose levels. Variability was determined using mean amplitude of glucose excursions (MAGE) and percentage of coefficient of variability. The amount of administered insulin was compared in both groups.

Results
Glucose values and variability were similar in both groups: Daily average was 130 ± 28 mg/dl in the intervention group and 138 ± 25 mg/dl in the control group (P = 0.31), MAGE 41 ± 6 vs. 45 ± 12 (respectively). However, administered insulin was significantly lower in the exenatide group than in the IIT group: 22 ± 14 IU patients/day in the intervention group and 76 ± 11 IU patients/day in the control group (P = 0.01). The incidence rate of hypoglycemia was similar in both groups (0.38 events/patient-month).

Conclusions
Patients receiving exenatide received significantly lower amounts of exogenous insulin to control plasma glucose levels. Exenatide was well tolerated and potentially represents a novel agent to attenuate hyperglycemia in the critical care setting.

Trial registration
NCT00673309.
Cloud-scale RNA-sequencing differential expression analysis with Myrna
Authors: Langmead Ben , Hansen Kasper D , Leek Jeffrey T 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAs sequencing throughput approaches dozens of gigabases per day, there is a growing need for efficient software for analysis of transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) data. Myrna is a cloud-computing pipeline for calculating differential gene expression in large RNA-Seq datasets. We apply Myrna to the analysis of publicly available data sets and assess the goodness of fit of standard statistical models. Myrna is available from http://bowtie-bio.sf.net/myrna.
Predictors of situational disengagement in the academic setting: The contribution of grades, perceived competence, and academic motivation
Authors: Stephan Yannick , Caudroit Johan , Boiché Julie , Sarrazin Philippe 
Published: August 2010

Background. Although psychological disengagement is a well‐documented phenomenon in the academic setting, the attempts to identify its predictors are scarce. In addition, existing research has mainly focused on chronic disengagement and less is known on the determinants of situational disengagement. Aims. The purpose of the present study was to identify the predictors of situational disengagement in a physical education (PE) setting. In line with the core postulate of psychological disengagement, it was hypothesized that grades contribute to discounting through a decrease in perceived competence. Drawing upon self‐determination theory, it was also expected that devaluing reflects the motivational orientations of individuals. Sample. A total of 120 students who were in seventh, eighth, and ninth grades. Method. Students were asked to report their motivation towards PE and their perceived competence at the beginning of a 10‐week cycle. Perceived competence in PE and psychological disengagement were assessed at the end of cycle, after grades were communicated individually to each student. Results. The results revealed that grades significantly predicted discounting, through perceived competence, but did not predict devaluing. Devaluing was negatively predicted by integrated and identified regulations, and positively predicted by amotivation, whereas no motivational variables were related to discounting. Conclusion. The present study extends the core postulate of psychological disengagement to situational disengagement. It revealed that students may temporarily disengage their self‐esteem from performance feedback through discounting, but are less inclined to devalue the academic domain when faced with negative feedback in a particular situation because of their motivational orientations.
Navigating Uncharted Oceans of Meaning:Kaonaas Historical and Interpretive Method
Authors: Arista Noelani 
Published: August 2010

I ka ‘ōlelo nō ke ola, I ka ‘ōlelo nō ka make. In speech there is life, in speech death.—Hawaiian proverb ('ōlelo no'eau)“With You is My Life, with You My Death.” With these Words, the American Missionary Rev. William Richards Placed Himself Under the protection of the‘aha’ ōlelo, a Hawaiian chiefly council composed of the highest-rankingali'iin the Sandwich Islands. On the afternoon of 26 November 1827, Richards defended himself before the ‘ahaagainst a charge of libel brought by the English consul, Richard Charlton. Charlton had argued with Richards over a letter the minister had written to his Boston-based employers, the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM). The letter, written in October 1825, contained the news that an English captain, William Buckle, had purchased a Hawaiian woman from a chiefess. The problem was not the letter itself but the fact that it had been made public, through American newspapers. It would take the news two years to make its way back to the islands from New England, a world two oceans and six months’ sail away. The purchase of the woman, according to Charlton, was slavery and constituted a violation of British piracy law (qtd. in Richards, Letter to Evarts, 6 Dec. 1827). When Richards refused to sign an oath swearing to the veracity of his letter, Charlton accused the missionary of libel. Now both parties had come before the‘aha ‘ōleloto argue their cases. The question before the chiefs was whether or not the American Richards should be turned over to Charlton to face the charge in front of an English jury.
Maritime Criticism and Theoretical Shipwrecks
Authors: Chambers Iain 
Published: August 2010

All visible objects, man, are but as pasteboard masks. But in each event—in the living act, the undoubted deed—there, some unknown but still reasoning thing puts forth the mouldings of its features from behind the unreasoning mask. If man will strike, strike through the mask! How can the prisoner reach outside except by thrusting through the wall? To me, the white whale is that wall, shoved near to me. Sometimes I think there's naught beyond. But 'tis enough.—Herman Melville,Moby-Dick; or, The WhaleFamiliar Landscapes are Today Challenged by Illicit Sea Journeys. The Southern Shores of Occidental Modernity are beached by the uninvited guest, by the arrival of histories and cultures that exceed its desires and augment its fears. Like a nemesis from the sea, the interrogative presence of the migrant, who announces planetary processes that are notoursto manage and define, draws Europe and the rest of the West to the threshold of a modernity that exceeds itself. In Isaac Julien's video installationWestern Union: Small Boats(2007), the cruel passage of northward migration—across the inhospitable desert and perilous sea—proposes a dramatic poetics that seeks to force apart the conclusive framings of existing political, cultural, and historical narratives. Contorted black bodies gasping in the foam, abandoned on the beach in silver body bags among the sunbathers or writhing on the palace floors of European hierarchies replay the black Atlantic, memories of slavery, and racial oppression in the modern-day Mediterranean.
The Transformational and Enduring Vision of Aimé Césaire
Authors: Walker Keith L. 
Published: August 2010

As the Nineteenth Century was the Century of Colonization, The Twentieth Century was the Century of Decolonization, THE neologism entered popular usage during the 1950s, gained sudden prestige, and was declared crucial and, indeed, “beautiful” by Aimé Fernand David Césaire (“L'homme” 116). Césaire lived at the center of the global tempest and cultural sea change that characterized the anticolonial, civil rights, independence-movement years from 1932 to 1968. Césaire's rhetorical virtuosity and intellectual genius coincided with a moment of worldwide paradigm shifts and conceptual earthquakes, or tremblements de concepts, as he termed them (“Culture” 453). Césaire embodied what Edward Said called the “sensuous particularity as well as historical contingency” of a man living on the borderline of historical transition (39). On the actors, artists, and intellectuals of this borderline moment, the Senegalese writer Mariama Bâ reflected that it was the “[p]rivilège de notre génération, charnière entre deux périodes historiques, l'une de domination, l'autre d'indépendance. Nous … étions porteurs de projets” ‘privilege of our generation to be the link between two periods in our history, one of domination, the other of independence. We … were the messengers of a new design’ (Une si longue lettre 40 [So Long a Letter 25]). According to Césaire, the messengers had duties:Notre devoir d'hommes de culture, notre double devoir est là: Il est de hâter la décolonisation, et il est, au sein même du présent, de préparer une bonne décolonisation, une décolonisation sans séquelles. Il faut hâter la décolonisation, qu'est-ce à dire? Cela veut dire qu'il faut, et par tous les moyens, hâter le mûrissement de la PRISE DE CONSCIENCE POPULAIRE sans quoi il n'y aura jamais de décolonisation. Nous dans la conjoncture où nous sommes, nous sommes des propagateurs d'âmes, des multiplicateurs d'âmes, et à la limite des inventeurs d'âmes. (“L'homme” 121)Our responsibility as intellectuals, our double responsibility, is the following: it is to hasten decolonization, and it is at the very present time to prepare a sound decolonization, a process of decolonization that leaves no posttraumatic scars. What exactly does it mean that we must hasten decolonization? It means that we must by every means available to us hasten the maturation of the RAISING OF THE MASSES' CONSCIOUSNESS, without which there will be no decolonization. In our present situation we are propagators of souls, multipliers of souls, and almost inventors of souls.
Unrecognized Odontogenic Maxillary Sinusitis: A Cause of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Failure
Authors: Longhini Anthony B. , Branstetter Barton F. , Ferguson Berrylin J. 
Published: August 2010

Background Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is reported to improve symptoms in ∼85% of patients. Reasons for failure include misdiagnosis, technical inadequacies, underlying severe hyperplastic disease, biofilm, and immunodeficiency. Only one previous case of unrecognized odontogenic maxillary sinusitis has been cited in the literature as a reason for failure to improve with sinus surgery. This study was designed to characterize clinical and radiographic findings in patients who fail to improve with ESS because of an unrecognized dental etiology. Methods Five patients, with odontogenic maxillary sinusitis with prior unsuccessful ESS, were prospectively enrolled. Demographics and clinical aspects including duration of illness, prior sinus surgeries and therapies, and radiographic data were assessed. Results Five adults underwent an average of 2.8 sinus surgeries with persistence of disease and symptoms until their dental infection was treated. Duration of symptoms ranged from 3 to 15 years. In four of five patients, the periapical abscess was not noted on the original CT report but could be seen in retrospect. Three of five patients had been seen by their dentists and told they had no dental pathology. All five patients underwent dental extractions and one patient underwent an additional ESS after dental extraction. These procedures led to a resolution of sinusitis symptoms in all five patients. Conclusion Unrecognized periapical abscess is a cause of ESS failure and the radiological report frequently will fail to note the periapical infection. Dentists are unable to recognize periapical abscesses reliably with dental x-rays and exam. In patients with maxillary sinus disease, the teeth should be specifically examined as part of the radiological workup.
Evaluation of Immunochromatographic Rapid Diagnostic Test versus Peripheral Blood Smear for Diagnosis of Malaria in Nepal
Authors: Pande Prakash Raj , KC Indu 
Published: August 2010

Malaria is one of the most important parasitic diseases of humans. It is the major vector disease withoccasional focal outbreaks in Nepal. Annually more than 60,000 clinical cases of malaria occur out of thatabout 10,000 cases are confirmed cases of which about 1200 happen to be plasmodium falciparum cases.Several factors predispose to transmission of deadly / resistant strains to local population which in turnleads to cerebral malaria having both high mortality and morbidity. As it is well known that peripheral bloodsmear remains the “gold-standard” in diagnostic measure apart from compatible history but circumstancesand situations like in periphery of developing country like ours we can not overlook the advantage ofRapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) like OptiMAL test which detects parasitic lactate dehydrogenase in adrop of patient’s blood. This study showed that the malaria detected by OptiMAL have sensitivity 96%and specificity of 100% amongst 50 cases of malaria, the OptiMAL is able to detect 48 positive cases.Despite the cost of the test, it’s sensitivity and specificity are two remarkable factors in diagnosing thedisease rapidly even in case of slide/smear negative ones. The utility of RDTs are not enough studiedin our part of world especially in our country where even sufficient trained manpower is always a rarity.The importance of this test emphasize the easy-to-use tool for early diagnosis and prompt institution ofappropriate therapy to reduce both mortality, morbidity and in return reducing hospital stay and increasingworking hour of productive manpower.DOI: 10.3126/mjsbh.v9i1.3483Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital Vol.9(1) 2010 9-13
Anaesthetic Management of a Case of Pheochromocytoma
Authors: Panta Sunita , Rai Shashi , KC Nagendra Bahadur 
Published: August 2010

Pheochromocytoma is rare, accounting for less than 0.1 % of hypertensive population. In this report, wedescribe a 40-year-old male a diagnosed case of pheochromocytoma who underwent adrenalectomyunder general anaesthesia with epidural analgesia. The patient was adequately prepared with alphaadrenergic blockers. Intraoperative course was stormy but was managed with antihypertensives,inotropes and intravenous fluid. The patient was electively ventilated overnight and had an uncomplicatedrecovery.Pheochromocytoma is a rare medical condition and an anaesthesiologist comes across it only a few timesin his or her practice. Therefore there is a limited exposure in management. Furthermore hemodynamicinstability encountered intra and postoperatively itself is a challenge. Hence management of a case ofpheochromocytoma demands a meticulous preoperative preparation, advanced monitoring devices andgood interdepartment coordination preferably in a tertiary medical center for a favourable outcome.Key words: Haemodynamic instability; inotropes; pheochromocytoma; Sodium Nitroprusside.DOI: 10.3126/mjsbh.v9i1.3486Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital Vol.9(1) 2010 19-23
Sub Mucous Cleft Palate and Its Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Pradhan Bhawani 
Published: August 2010

Four different age groups of cases came to hospital with the complaint of severely nasalized speechand since childhood. Parents had already consulted to the physician in one of the valley Hospital whoreferred the patient for speech therapy without a clinical diagnosed as sub mucous cleft (SMC). Speechpathologist has to confirm of sub mucous cleft palate with the help of the plastic surgeon.Sub mucous cleft palate is a significant cause of severs speech and language disorder. Aim of the paper isto make the clinician and laymen aware of the sub mucous cleft palate which is less commonly diagnosedpartly due to ignorance and misdiagnosis.Sub mucous cleft is the cleft of muscle and bony portion of palate it has got triad characters:- Bifid uvular,thin bluish line in the margin raphe (septum palludine) & hyper nasality. And we could feel palpable signand speech and language disorder. It may have also lots of related problems like mental retarted, hearingloss, behavior problems etc.Sub mucous cleft, is diagnosed and management by team approach like plastic surgeon, E.N.T. Surgeon,Dental surgeon, sp & lag pathologist and audiologist etc. Speech therapy is the one of the essential areafor their better quality of life after surgery.DOI: 10.3126/mjsbh.v9i1.3488Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital Vol.9(1) 2010 28-31
L'imposture, partenaire-symptôme de la science
Authors: Abelhauser Alain 
Published: August 2010

Résumé L’homme de Piltdown, l’« Eoanthropus », n’est pas une découverte paléontologique parmi d’autres (d’autant que le père Teilhard de Chardin y a certainement largement contribué) ; c’est avant tout l’une des plus célèbres supercheries du xx e siècle, célèbre pour avoir constitué pendant plus de quarante ans une référence majeure de l’anthropologie. Qu’est-ce qu’une telle supercherie vient dire de l’imposture ? Que le rapport de celle-ci à la science n’est pas que contingent, prétendons-nous, mais qu’il est de structure. Qu’il est « de structure », dès lors que le « fantasme de la science » transparaît (ce dont témoigne entre autres le goût de la duperie), par exemple parce que la science est priée de répondre à la question « subjective » par excellence, celle des origines.
De la consultation d'hygiène mentale de la Seine (ophs) au département de psychothérapie
Authors: Fusco Marie-Claude , Morisi Jacqueline 
Published: August 2010

Résumé Pour maintenir l’exigence d’une activité psychanalytique dans le cadre d’un service public, le Dispensaire d’hygiène mentale de la préfecture de la Seine, créé en 1955 par le docteur Victor Smirnoff, se transformera en Département de psychothérapie pour adultes : « La rue Tiphaine ». Il sera composé d’une équipe de plus en plus importante, dont la majorité des membres était de formation psychanalytique. En raison des contraintes imposées par la mise en place de la sectorisation, ce centre devra négocier pour conserver son mode de fonctionnement psychanalytique. Grâce au soutien du professeur G. Daumezon, il sera rattaché au 22 e secteur. Par la suite, après la mort de ce dernier, ce centre sera dans l’obligation, pour assurer son autonomie psychanalytique, de quitter la rue Tiphaine, son lieu de fondation. Il changera plusieurs fois de lieux, avant de trouver son installation actuelle au 22, boulevard de Sébastopol, où il poursuit, avec une équipe plus restreinte mais dans le même esprit, son activité de traitement psychanalytique.
Loyautés familiales et processus thérapeutique
Authors: Ducommun-Nagy Catherine 
Published: August 2010

Résumé Les loyautés familiales jouent un rôle non seulement dans l’émergence de troubles individuels et dans l’apparition de dysfonctionnements familiaux, mais aussi dans le processus thérapeutique lui-même. L’hypothèse de l’auteur est que l’impact de la loyauté familiale sur le cours de la thérapie dépend de la nature du contrat thérapeutique et de ses conséquences éthiques. La loyauté familiale peut devenir une source de résistance au processus thérapeutique, surtout dans le cas où la thérapie générerait des conflits de loyauté ; mais elle peut tout autant devenir une source de résilience et d’autonomie si on en comprend bien la nature. L’article est divisé en deux parties principales : d’abord une réflexion sur l’origine de la notion de loyauté familiale, ses liens avec l’éthique relationnelle et ses effets systémique ; ensuite une discussion des effets directs de la loyauté familiale sur le déroulement de la thérapie en fonction de divers types de contrats thérapeutiques (contrat en psychothérapie individuelle, contrat en thérapie familiale et contrat en thérapie contextuelle). L’auteur conclut en proposant différents modes possibles d’intervention thérapeutique.