bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prospects of emmer as a raw material for alternative drinks
Authors: Gunkova P. I. , Trofimov A. A. , Buchilina A. S. , Barakova N. V. , Ishevsky A. L. , Maksimyuk N. N. 
Published: May 2024

According to analytical studies, today there is a surge in interest in herbal drinks, alternative to dairy. A promising raw material is spelt, the increased interest in which is explained by the ecological purity, unpretentiousness, nutritional value and functional properties of the cereal. The article presents the results of a study of the amount of basic nutrients in spelt grain of the Fleece variety grown in 2022 in the Altai Territory of Russia. The mass fraction of protein in it was 15.40%, fat — 3.20%, ash content — 1.80%, carbohydrate content is 69.25% of which starch is 62.80% in terms of dry matter. The analysis of the few available literature data on the chemical composition and functional properties of spelt Triticum dicoccum is presented. The content of the components in it varies in a wide range depending on agrotechnical and climatic factors. The range of nutrients in grain: proteins — 8.70–22.90%; lipids — 0.99–3.80%; carbohydrates — 68.20–83.22%. Cereal is characterized by a high concentration of essential amino acids, minerals, vitamins B, E, carotenoids and phenolic compounds (their amount is shown in the article). The low glycemic index makes it possible to recommend spelt to diabetics. The antioxidant activity, antidiabetic, hypocholesterolemic and anti-carcinogenic properties of Triticum dicoccum are due to the content of tocopherols, phenolic compounds, carotenoids, dietary fibers, etc. in culture. biologically active components. Due to the valuable chemical composition and functional properties of the grain, spelt can be the basis of drinks for dietary nutrition. It can also be used for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, cancer and others.
Ecosystem approach as a tool for solving meat market problems
Authors: Ramazanov I. A. , Nikolaeva M. A. , Ramazanov S. A. 
Published: May 2024

he article is devoted to identifying factors and solving problems related to the fact that the Russian consumer market of meat and processed products remains one of the most vulnerable sectors of the economy.The research uses general scientific methods: complex, systematic and situational, as well as graphical methods, comparative analysis, index methods, forecasting methods, factor analysis, correlation analysis.It is shown that the high rate of concentration of the agricultural sector of the Russian economy leads to a reduction in the total number of active agricultural organizations, the absorption or squeezing out of this industry of small enterprises and the self-employed population. This leads to the emergence of a small number of agricultural giants and a decrease in the efficiency of using acreage and other agricultural land. It is proved that the growth in the size of agricultural organizations and an increase in the share of agricultural land controlled by them leads to a decrease in the share of agricultural areas for forage crops, a reduction in the number of cattle and a drop in beef production. The expediency of applying an ecosystem approach in the agricultural sector is proved. This approach makes it possible to use natural and human resources more efficiently based on the principles of the distributed use economy — the sharing economy.The conclusions drawn from the results of the study are important for theorists and practitioners, as they complement the existing knowledge necessary to solve problems related to ensuring sustainable development of the agricultural sector of the economy and meeting consumer demand.
Inheritance of economically valuable traits in f1 hybrids of grain sorghum during saturating crosses
Authors: Biktimirov R. A. 
Published: May 2024

Relevance. The effect of heterosis is of great importance in crop breeding. Heterosis is defined as an increase in the value of the trait of F1 hybrids compared to the average value of both parents. In grain sorghum breeding, heterosis is widely used to increase the yield and expand the adaptive abilities of hybrid plants.Methods. The object of research was 13 of the most precocious F1 combinations of grain sorghum and their parent forms. The crossing scheme includes seven maternal (Ros, Zernishko, Slavyanka, Ogonek, Premiere, Mercury, Orlovskoye) and 6 paternal (Ros, Zernishko, Slavyanka, Ogonek, Belochka, Mercury) forms grain sorghum. The parameters of heterosis were calculated using the method of D.S. Omarov.Results. The greatest effect of true heterosis along the length of the panicle was revealed in the combinations: Slavyanka — Ogonyok (15.6%), Premiere — Mercury (15.0%), and the highest value of hypothetical heterosis was found in the crosses Ogonyok — Ros (22.2%), Slavyanka — Ogonyok (20.1%) and Premiere — Mercury (20.3%). Also, a high degree of phenotypic dominance was found in the combinations Slavyanka — Ogonyok (5.1) and Premiere — Mercury (4.4). Evaluation of hybrids and parental forms shows that many of them exceeded their parent in terms of grain yield from one plant, thus showing true heterosis, which varied from 6.1% in the Zernyshko — Ogonyok hybrid to 49.5% in Premiera — Ros. The highest values of hypothetical heterosis appeared in combinations Ogonyok — Ros and Premiera — Ros — 62.8% and 51.7%. In hybrid combinations, the degree of dominance varied from 0.6 to 34.0. Overdomination was noted for the Premiera — Ros combination (34.0) and the Ogonyok — Ros (6,7).
Features of the formation of the yield of industrial hemp plants under the influence of methods of protection against harmful organisms
Authors: Pluzhnikova I. I. , Kriushin N. V. , Bakulova I. V. 
Published: May 2024

Relevance. The study of the effects of insecticides when applied to seeds and ground spraying, fungicides and growth regulator in tank mixtures of mordants is an important component affecting the productivity of the studied crop to optimize the phytosanitary state of the agricultural cenosis of hemp.Methods. In the Federal State Budgetary Budgetary Institution FNC LC in the conditions of the Penza region in 2020–2023 a field experiment was conducted with hemp of the Central Russian ecotype of the Nadezhda variety according to the following scheme of three-factor experiment: factor A — seed treatment with protectants containing insecticidal substances “Celest Top, KS” and “Tabu, VSK”, used in the norms of 3.0 l/t; factor B — application of fungicides “Benorad, SP”, “Bunker, VSK”, as well as the growth regulator “Albit, TPS”, used in the norms of 2 kg /t, 0.4 and 0.05 l/t, respectively; factor C is the treatment of plants with the insecticide “Samurai Super, CE” at a rate of 1.5 l/ha.Results. The studied pesticides and growth regulator provided reliable protection of cannabis plants from hemp flea and root rot (“Celest Top” + “Benorad” or “Bunker”). Preparations from the pest allowed to obtain an increase in the yield of stems (32.8% and 27.8%) and seeds (13.4% and 13.4%). With fungicidal disinfection of the seed material, the preserved yield of stems was 29.9% and 29.2%, seeds — 15.7% and 15.1%. Ground spraying with the insecticide “Samurai Super”, seed etching with the fungicides “Benorad” and “Bunker” in combination with the drug “Celest Top” provided an increase in seed yield by 0.40 and 0.39 t/ha, with the drug “Tabu” — by 0.30 and 0.33 t/ha, stems — by 2.36 and 1.56 t/haha, 1.6 and 1.95 t/ha, respectively.
PERENCANAAN PROSES PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI SMAIT AL-MADINAH CIBINONG BOGOR
Authors: Enung Nurjanah  , Maemunah Sa'diyah  
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perencanaan proses pendidikan Islam di SMAIT Al-Madinah Cibinong Bogor serta kendala-kendala dalam proses pembelajarannya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Sumber data primer diambil dari kepala sekolah dan perwakilan guru PAI, guru tahsin dan tahfiz Al-Qur’an metode Tilawati. Sumber data sekunder dari Al-Qur’an,Hadits,jurnal dan buku-buku lainnya. Latar belakang yang mendorong penelitian ini adalah bahwa SMAIT Al-Madinah merupakan sekolah yang mengembangkan potensi diri peserta didik melalui proses pembelajaran, baik dari aspek sikap, pengetahuan maupun keterampilan dengan sistem pendidikan terpadu yaitu memadukan pengajaran ilmu pengetahuan umum-Teknologi (IPTEK) dan pengetahuan Agama-Iman dan Takwa (IMTAK), memadukan pendidikan Umum dengan orientasi pendidikan Qur’ani yang berkarakter Islami, Memadukan pola pendidikan keluarga, pesantren dan sekolah. SMAIT Al-Maidah juga merupakan lembaga yang mempunyai tingkat perhatian yang sangat serius terhadap pembelajaran pendidikan Islam baik dari segi pembelajaran PAI serta Tahsin dan Tahfiz Al-Qur’an dengan metode Tilawati maupun pembelajaran umum. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa : 1). Perencanaan proses pembelajaran tahsin dan tahfiz di SMAIT Al-Madinah sudah efektif dan rapi, tahfiz Al-Qur’an Juz 30 dan juz 29. Langkah-langkah sesuai dengan desain pembelajaran model Dick and carrey yang terdiri dari 10 langkah yang sistematis. Langkah-langkah yang sistematis yang dilakukan yaitu : 1.mengidentifikasi tujuan umum pembelajaran sampai mendesain dan mengevaluasi sumatif dan 2. Kendala-kendala dalam proses pembelajaran tahsin dan tahfiz Al-Qur’an di SMAIT Al-Madinah diantaranya bahwa dalam metode Tilawati dibutuhkannya muroja’ah terus-menerus sehingga siswa harus dan lebih cepat dalam tahfiz Al-Qur’an sesuai dengan target dengan metode Tilawati sehingga menjadi Insan yang Qur’ani.
Aksi Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim Bencana Banjir Sektor Pertanian Kabupaten Bojonegoro, Jawa Timur
Authors: Dewa Jhon Jhohan Putra Kumara , Fitriansyah Hadi , Widiana Divina Aufa 
Published: May 2024

Dalam konteks risiko bencana, masyarakat adalah kelompok yang merasakan dampak langsung dari suatu bencana. Tanggapan masyarakat dapat diwujudkan dalam pembangunan ekonomi, sosial, informasi dan komunikasi juga tingkat kompetensi. Aksi adaptasi perubahan iklim bencana banjir di Kabupaten Bojonegoro dilakukan untuk mengindentifikasi risiko bencana banjir di masa mendatang sehingga dalam mengantisipasi hal tersebut disusun pilihan aksi adaptasi perubahan iklim. CSF merespons dengan cara yang sama, menurut CSF, masyarakat perlu dilibatkan cara membuat jaringan yang kuat antara masyarakat, sehingga orang dapat melakukannya aksi adaptasi dan mitigasi.
Macronutrient-differential dietary pattern impacts on body weight, hepatic inflammation, and metabolism
Authors: Li Yuan-yuan , Madduri Supradeep S. , Rezeli Erika T. , Santos Charlene , Freeman III Herman , Peng Jing , McRitchie Susan L. , Pathmasiri Wimal , Hursting Stephen D. , Sumner Susan J. , Stewart Delisha A. 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionObesity is a multi-factorial disease frequently associated with poor nutritional habits and linked to many detrimental health outcomes. Individuals with obesity are more likely to have increased levels of persistent inflammatory and metabolic dysregulation. The goal of this study was to compare four dietary patterns differentiated by macronutrient content in a postmenopausal model. Dietary patterns were high carbohydrate (HC), high fat (HF), high carbohydrate plus high fat (HCHF), and high protein (HP) with higher fiber.MethodsChanges in body weight and glucose levels were measured in female, ovariectomized C57BL/6 mice after 15 weeks of feeding. One group of five mice fed the HCHF diet was crossed over to the HP diet on day 84, modeling a 21-day intervention. In a follow-up study comparing the HCHF versus HP dietary patterns, systemic changes in inflammation, using an 80-cytokine array and metabolism, by untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS)-based metabolomics were evaluated.ResultsOnly the HF and HCHF diets resulted in obesity, shown by significant differences in body weights compared to the HP diet. Body weight gains during the two-diet follow-up study were consistent with the four-diet study. On Day 105 of the 4-diet study, glucose levels were significantly lower for mice fed the HP diet than for those fed the HC and HF diets. Mice switched from the HCHF to the HP diet lost an average of 3.7 grams by the end of the 21-day intervention, but this corresponded with decreased food consumption. The HCHF pattern resulted in dramatic inflammatory dysregulation, as all 80 cytokines were elevated significantly in the livers of these mice after 15 weeks of HCHF diet exposure. Comparatively, only 32 markers changed significantly on the HP diet (24 up, 8 down). Metabolic perturbations in several endogenous biological pathways were also observed based on macronutrient differences and revealed dysfunction in several nutritionally relevant biosynthetic pathways.ConclusionOverall, the HCHF diet promoted detrimental impacts and changes linked to several diseases, including arthritis or breast neoplasms. Identification of dietary pattern-specific impacts in this model provides a means to monitor the effects of disease risk and test interventions to prevent poor health outcomes through nutritional modification.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Fatigue in Adults with Stage 3 and 4 CKD
Authors: Hannan Mary F. , Tintle Nathan , Fischer Michael J. , Doorenbos Ardith Z. 
Published: May 2024

Key Points

Fatigue is a common symptom experienced by adults with CKD.Physiological, sociodemographic, psychological, and behavioral factors are associated with fatigue.

Background
Fatigue is a devastating symptom experienced by adults with CKD, but less is known about the prevalence of fatigue and factors associated with fatigue in a general population of adults with CKD. Therefore, we examined the prevalence of fatigue and identified factors associated with fatigue among a national cohort of US adults with CKD.

Methods
We utilized cross-sectional data from 1079 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2012 and included participants aged 18 years and older with stage 3 and 4 CKD (eGFR between 15 and 60 ml/min per 1.73 m2) who had available data evaluating fatigue. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression models were used to evaluate the odds of having fatigue in the context of physiological, sociodemographic, psychological, and behavioral factors.

Results
We estimated that 48% of those with CKD had fatigue. Among the risk factors examined, those with the strongest evidence of association in multivariable analyses were female sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02 to 2.17), pain (OR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.57 to 3.93), poor mental health (OR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.05 to 3.72), anxiety (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.14 to 3.34), and depressive symptoms (OR, 2.58; 95% CI, 1.17 to 5.66).

Conclusions
Fatigue is a common symptom experienced by adults with CKD in the United States. Physiological, sociodemographic, psychological, and behavioral factors are associated with fatigue, with psychological factors being most strongly associated with fatigue. Future work is needed to identify interventions to mitigate fatigue and risk factors of fatigue in adults with CKD.
Dual-Responsive Reconfigurable Miniature Fiberbots: A Study for Vascular Embolization
Authors: Liu Xurui , Song Xin , Zhang Li 
Published: May 2024

Navigating the intricate and narrow vascular pathways of the body remains a formidable challenge in vascular embolization, often limiting the maneuverability and steerability of traditional catheters. This study, by T.T. Xu and co-workers, introduces dual-responsive reconfigurable miniature fiberbots, which are capable of catheter-assisted deployment, navigation, and embolization in vascular systems. Through meticulous design and magnetic control, this work successfully validates a multistage vascular embolization approach in the renal artery of rabbits in vivo. The experiments not only overcome the existing limitations of conventional catheterization techniques but also open new avenues for minimally invasive treatments.
Scientific Discovery Framework Accelerating Advanced Polymeric Materials Design
Authors: Wang Ran , Fu Teng , Yang Ya-Jie , Song Xuan , Wang Xiu-Li , Wang Yu-Zhong 
Published: May 2024

Organic polymer materials, as the most abundantly produced materials, possess a flammable nature, making them potential hazards to human casualties and property losses. Target polymer design is still hindered due to the lack of a scientific foundation. Herein, we present a robust, generalizable, yet intelligent polymer discovery framework, which synergizes diverse capabilities, including the in situ burning analyzer, virtual reaction generator, and material genomic model, to achieve results that surpass the sum of individual parts. Notably, the high-throughput analyzer created for the first time, grounded in multiple spectroscopic principles, enables in situ capturing of massive combustion intermediates; then, the created realistic apparatus transforming to the virtual reaction generator acquires exponentially more intermediate information; further, the proposed feature engineering tool, which embedded both polymer hierarchical structures and massive intermediate data, develops the generalizable genomic model with excellent universality (adapting over 20 kinds of polymers) and high accuracy (88.8%), succeeding discovering series of novel polymers. This emerging approach addresses the target polymer design for flame-retardant application and underscores a pivotal role in accelerating polymeric materials discovery.
Inflammatory Linear Verrucous Epidermal Nevus with Systemic Manifestations
Authors: Адаскевич В.П. , Катина М.А. , Пушкарская И.А. , Лесничая О.В. 
Published: May 2024

Воспалительный линейный веррукозный эпидермальный невус (ILVEN – Inflammatory Linear Verrucous Epidermal Nevus) – редкий тип эпидермального невуса. Эпидермальные невусы представляют собой гамартоматозные поражения, которые обычно присутствуют при рождении, но могут возникнуть в детском возрасте и редко появляются у взрослых. У каждого третьего пациента с эпидермальными невусами наблюдаются поражения других систем организма. Существует четыре различных синдрома эпидермального невуса, распознаваемых по различным типам ассоциированных эпителиальных невусов: линейный сальный невус, линейный комедоновый невус, линейный эпидермальный невус и воспалительный линейный веррукозный эпидермальный невус (ILVEN). Каждый тип можно рассматривать как часть синдрома с другими системными проявлениями. Мы сообщаем о редком случае синдрома ILVEN у 10-летней пациентки с разнообразным спектром нарушений (кожа, опорно-двигательный аппарат, сосудистая мальформация, эндокринологическая патология), что демонстрирует полиморфную картину этого состояния.
Inflammatory Linear Verrucous Epidermal Nevus (ILVEN) is a rare type of epidermal nevus. Epidermal nevi are hamartomatous lesions that are usually present at birth, but can occur in childhood and rarely appear in adults. Every third patient with epidermal nevi has lesions in other body systems. There are four different epidermal nevus syndromes, recognized by different types of associated epithelial nevi: linear sebaceous nevus, linear comedonic nevus, linear epidermal nevus, and inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus (ILVEN). Each type can be considered as part of a syndrome with other systemic manifestations. We report a rare case of ILVEN syndrome in a 10-year-old patient with a diverse range of disorders (skin, musculoskeletal system, vascular malformation, endocrinological pathology), which demonstrates a polymorphic picture of this condition.
DIFERENCIACION VARIETAL DE MAICES "CRIOLLOS" DE LA RAZA TUXPEÑO DEL ESTADO DE VERACRUZ, MEXICO
Authors: Caballero Hernández Filiberto 
Published: May 2024

En el área tropical humeda de México existen variedades "criollas" regionales que se han colectado pero aún no se han evaluado, caracterizado y seleccionado, las cuales pueden servir como fuente de plasma germinal para programas de mejoramiento genéticode maíz (Ze& mays L.). Con el objeto de conocer la variación de 171 variedades "criollas" colectadas en el área tropical humeda del estado de Veracruz, se realizó un experimento en el Campo Agrícola Experimental Cotaxtla, Ver., en el ciclo de temporal de 1981. Mediante el uso de Taxonomía Numérica sobre 19 caracteres vegetativos y agronómicos, se diferenciaron 16 grupos al nivel de 0.80de disimilitud, de los cuales Los identificados como 1, 3, 4, 5 y 6 agruparon a la mayoría de las variedades; los demás incluyeron de dos e siete colectas cada uno, excepto el grupo 16 que estuvo formado por un solo material. Se presentó una amplia variación tanto genética como fenotípica, de donde se pueden tomar diversas varieades "criollas" con caracteristicas deseables para los de mejoramiento genético de maíz
Donald Trump ou la fausse présidence impériale
Authors: Burtin Olivier 
Published: May 2024

Depuis la publication du livre éponyme d’Arthur Schlesinger Jr. En 1973, le concept de « présidence impériale » a souvent été utilisé pour critiquer les excès de l’exécutif aux États‑Unis. Ce fut tout particulièrement le cas pour la présidence de Donald Trump, qui a souvent été décrite comme marquant une rupture historique de par son mépris des normes institutionnelles, ses multiples conflits d’intérêts, ou sa tendance autoritaire marquée. Avec un peu de recul, le bilan de son administration semble toutefois témoigner d’un président plus en position de faiblesse que de force. En replaçant le mandat de Trump dans une perspective historique, cet article démontre en effet que, loin de s’être démarqué par sa puissance, le 45e président dût en réalité faire face aux mêmes tendances de fond qui avaient contribué depuis plusieurs décennies déjà à affaiblir sa fonction. L’omniprésence de Trump dans les médias cachait donc un président qui était loin d’être omnipotent.
Les caucus du Parti démocrate de l’Iowa (2020) : faux départ ou fin de partie ?
Authors: Ricaud Raphael 
Published: May 2024

Cet article s’intéresse aux caucus démocrates de l’Iowa (hiver 2019‑2020). Ancrée dans le terroir et dans le temps long, la période précédant les caucus est censée donner davantage de latitude aux électeurs et aux candidats que les autres phases de la campagne présidentielle. En avant‑première de la course à l’investiture, les caucus de l’Iowa sont néanmoins fortement contraints par des attentes nationales.Afin d’explorer cette tension entre les forces locales et nationales à l’œuvre dans l’organisation des caucus, nous procédons à une mise en contexte de leur fonctionnement et à leur système de scrutin complexe. Nous mentionnons notamment la spécificité géographique et démographique de l’Iowa. Dans un deuxième temps, nous observons les techniques de communication des différents candidats. Force est de constater qu’en lieu et place d’un véritable discours politique, les candidats optent majoritairement pour un spectacle aux contraintes normatives fortes. Enfin, nous nous intéressons aux stratégies divergentes de deux candidats centristes en 2019‑2020 : Pete Buttigieg et Joe Biden. L’un fit le choix de l’ancrage local et du temps long tandis que l’autre considéra l’Iowa comme une étape parmi tant d’autres. Pour conclure, nous constatons que la spécificité de l’Iowa n’entrave en rien la réussite d’un candidat qui n’aurait su briller dans cet État, à condition que celui‑ci jouisse déjà d’une renommée nationale et d’une longue expérience politique.