bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An efficient dual layer data aggregation scheme in clustered wireless sensor networks
Authors: Yang Fenting , Xu Zhen , Yang Lei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn wireless sensor network (WSN) monitoring systems, redundant data from sluggish environmental changes and overlapping sensing ranges can increase the volume of data sent by nodes, degrade the efficiency of information collection, and lead to the death of sensor nodes. To reduce the energy consumption of sensor nodes and prolong the life of WSNs, this study proposes a dual layer intracluster data fusion scheme based on ring buffer. To reduce redundant data and temporary anomalous data while guaranteeing the temporal coherence of data, the source nodes employ a binarized similarity function and sliding quartile detection based on the ring buffer. Based on the improved support degree function of weighted Pearson distance, the cluster head node performs a weighted fusion on the data received from the source nodes. Experimental results reveal that the scheme proposed in this study has clear advantages in three aspects: the number of remaining nodes, residual energy, and the number of packets transmitted. The data fusion of the proposed scheme is confined to the data fusion of the same attribute environment parameters.
Descriptive, Hospital-Based, 10-Year Study of Malaria Transmission in Goa, a Southwest Indian State in the Malaria Elimination Phase
Authors: Chakrabarti Rimi , Gillespie Kevin , Walke Jayashri T. , Fernandes Mezia , Almeida Anvily , Chery-Karschney Laura , Kanjee Usheer , Skillman Kristen M. , White John , Babar Prasad H. , Pereira Ligia , Mascarenhas Anjali , Vaz Marina , Khandeparkar Anar , Gomes Edwin , Janes Holly , Rathod Pradipsinh K. , Duraisingh Manoj T. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT.
The South Asia International Center of Excellence for Malaria Research, an NIH-funded collaborative program, investigated the epidemiology of malaria in the Indian state of Goa through health facility–based data collected from the Goa Medical College and Hospital (GMC), the state’s largest tertiary healthcare facility, between 2012 and 2021. Our study investigated region-specific spatial and temporal patterns of malaria transmission in Goa and the factors driving such patterns. Over the past decade, the number of malaria cases, inpatients, and deaths at the GMC decreased significantly after a peak in 2014–2015. However, the proportion of severe malaria cases increased over the study period. Also, a trend of decreasing average parasitemia and increasing average gametocyte density suggests a shift toward submicroscopic infections and an increase in transmission commitment characteristic of low-transmission regions. Although transmission occurred throughout the year, 75% of the cases occurred between June and December, overlapping with the monsoon (June–October), which featured rainfall above yearly average, minimal diurnal temperature variation, and high relative humidity. Sociodemographic factors also had a significant association with malaria cases, with cases being more frequent in the 15–50-year-old age group, men, construction workers, and people living in urban areas within the GMC catchment region. Our environmental model of malaria transmission projects almost negligible transmission at the beginning of 2025 (annual parasitic index: 0.0095, 95% CI: 0.0075–0.0114) if the current control measures continue undisrupted.
A Nationwide Study on the Risks of Complications and Healthcare Costs of Snakebite Envenomation in Taiwan
Authors: Hsu Jen-Yu , Chiang Shu-O , Yang Chen-Chang , Mao Yan-Chiao 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT.
In Taiwan, six medically important venomous snakes, Trimeresurus stejnegeri stejnegeri, Protobothrops mucrosquamatus, Deinagkistrodon acutus, Daboia siamensis, Naja atra, and Bungarus multicinctus, are found. However, comprehensive research on the complications and associated healthcare costs of snakebite envenomation (SBE) is lacking. We retrospectively analyzed pertinent information from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database dated January 2002 to December 2014. We investigated the risk factors for complications and their impact on healthcare costs. Among the 12,542 patients with SBE, those from N. atra or B. multicinctus were more likely to experience wound infections and neurological complications than were those from T. s. stejnegeri or P. mucrosquamatus. In addition, being female, being elderly, and having a Charlson Comorbidity Index equal to or greater than 3 points were associated with an increased likelihood of wound infections and psychological complications. The annual national economic burden averaged US$1,083,624, with an average healthcare cost of US$1,129 per SBE. Snakebite envenomations from N. atra or B. multicinctus, as well as various complications, resulted in significantly higher costs. It is crucial to comprehend the risk factors for complications and their role in increasing expenses to provide insight for tailored healthcare interventions, mitigate complications, and reduce the economic burdens associated with SBEs.
Touch and Breath
Authors: Heubel Fabian 
Published: May 2024

“Become hard!” is the supposedly “new tablet” that Nietzsche’s Zarathustra has placed above us. It can hardly be denied that modernization in particular has relentlessly imposed a need to develop one’s hardness and strength. Is it even possible to imagine a form of modernization based on the commandment to “Become soft!”? While this is the old and always new instruction to which Lǎozǐ pointed in his advice to become like water, Nietzsche finds it unbearable. He asks, “Why so soft?”, and “Why so soft, so retiring, and yielding?” And Lǎozǐ answers that hardness is deadly: “The hard and strong are the followers of death.” Then Nietzsche responds, “Don’t you want to conquer and win?” And Lǎozǐ replies, “The soft and weak win over the hard and strong”. Where are the modernizers who believe in the old “tablet” Lǎozǐ has given us in the praise of softness and weakness? Where are the modernizers who know about the hard but are able to preserve the soft? Where are the modernizers who are able to philosophize not with the hammer but with the brush?
The “good old authoritarian character” (Theodor W. Adorno) has been educated to (masculine) hardness. For this mode of being human (feminine) softness is nothing but a form of weakness on which the creator wants to put his stamp. As a philosophical source of criticism of the authoritarian character, the Daoist classic Lǎozǐ has a value that can hardly be overestimated. It moves toward a paradigm of self-relation or subjectivity in which the eye and light cannot claim primacy as the means by which humans can access the true and the good, but touch and breath form a pivot by which they can learn to walk a Way that wanders between hardness and softness. Therefore, at the centre of character formation and cultivation is a self-relation described in the sixth chapter of the Lǎozǐ by the paradoxical image of the “ravine” (gǔ 谷).
The ravine is a natural image in which the hard stone of the mountain cliffs and the soft water flowing through them belong together. At the same time, this chapter of the Lǎozǐ has been associated with the motif of the female in commentaries since antiquity. Moreover, the analogy between the ravine and the female sex organ opens up a thought-provoking approach to the relation between the female and the soft in the Lǎozǐ. However, the ravine as a paradoxical image does not stop there. Rather, the Way it suggests leads in a direction that can be summed up in the phrase “knowing hardness and preserving softness”. In the following paper, the discussion of the female and the male in relation to the soft and the hard aims at a broader reflection on a theory and practice of breath (qì 氣) that constitutes a transcultural philosophy of the Way (dàozhéxué 道哲學).
Konsep Karakter Dalam Pandangan Islam Menurut Ibnu Miskwaih
Authors: Solikhah Elyana Nur , Jinan Muhohharun 
Published: May 2024

Konsep karakter menjadi pembahasan para filsof terdahulu, seperti Puluto dan Aristoteles, sedangkan dalam dunia tokoh tokoh Islam terkenal yang melakukan kajian tentang karakter, yaitu al-Kindi, al-Farabi, Ibnu Sina, al-Ghazali, Ibnu Miskwaih Setiap tokoh yang melakukan kajian tentang karakter memiliki ciri khusunya masing masing, salah satu nya terdapat pada tokoh Ibnu Miskwaih yang meiliki ciri khas dengan melakukan kajian karakter yang dihubungan dengan kondisi kejiwaan manusia. Penelitian ini mengunggapkan bagaimana konsep tentang karakter Islam yang dibangun oleh Ibnu Miskwaih dengan menggunakan Library research dimana penulis melakukan pengumpulan data yang terdapat di internet, buku dan sumber kepustakaan kemudian dilakukan analisis dan sintesis. Data yang dihasilkan diungkapkan secara kualitatif, agar dapat mendiskripsikan objek secara alamiah sesuai dengan data yang didapatkan dari berbagai sumber. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu konsep karakter yang baik menurut Islam terdiri dari beberapa sifat yang harus dimiliki oleh seseorang, diantara arif, sederhana, bijaksana, dermawan, dan adil. Konsep karakter yang buruk dalam Islam menurut Ibnu Miskwaih digolongkan pada sifat sifat bodoh, mengikuti hawa nafsu, boros, kikir, dan lalim atau melakukan segala sesuatu untuk mendapatkan kekayaan walaupun dengan jalan yang salah.
Analisis Materi Agama Islam di Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah Terhadap Aspek Teologis, Filosofis, Sosiologis, dan Organisatoris
Authors: Rohmani Annas Fajar , Shobahiya Mahasri 
Published: May 2024

Ciri yang melekat dalam penyelenggaraan pendidikan oleh Muhammadiyah yaitu peserta didik diberikan pengetahuan Islam dan Pengetahuan umum. Dalam memberikan pengetahuan Islam, Muhammadiyah merancang pembelajaran dalam bentuk AIK atau Al-Islam dan Kemuhammadiyahan. Mata kuliah AIK juga diatur dalam ketentuan Pedoman Pimpinan Pusat Muhammadiyah Nomor 02/PEDI/I/0/B.2012 tentang Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah, yang secara lebih rinci terdapat dalam Pasal 9 ayat 2. Implementasi pendidikan mata kuliah Al-Islam dan kemuhammadiyahan dalam penerapannya di PTM/A masih mengalami banyak persoalan terkait dengan kurikulum ataupun silabus yang masih menekankan pada aspek pengetahuan. Sehingga agar kesalahan tidak terjadi dalam jangka waktu yang lama, maka diperlukan sebuah usaha untuk menelaah materi lebih lanjut agar disesuaikan dengan konsep kurikulum yang digunakan. Dalam upaya menelaah materi pembelajaran AIK, menggunakan metode kualitatif, yang melakukan penelitian pada dokumen dan teks. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan hasil meteri yang terdapat dalam silabus AIK telah memenuhi rujukan yang utama, yaitu pertama berpedoman pada kunci pembentukan paradigma pendidikan AIK, kedua pada tujuan dan sifat kurikulum, dan ketiga yaitu pada standar kompetensi lulusan. Dan juga mampu menjadi pedoman dan ilmu yang dapat digunakan mahasiswa dalam menghadapi masalh pada aspek psikologis dan sosiologis. Materi yang terdapat dalam silabus juga telah memenuhi prinsip dalam pengembangan materi yaitu prinsip konsistensi, dan kecukupan. Pada prinsip relevansi sudah terpenuhi, walaupun pada semester dua, kurang mampu menjawab SKL.
Introduction about world agricultural Bank
Authors: Kheyrodin Hamid 
Published: May 2024

A type of bank that lends money to farmers for longer periods of time and charges them less interest than other types of banks.
In the Paleolithic Levant, 23,000 years ago, cereals cultivation of emmer, barley, and oats has been observed near the sea of Galilee. Rice was domesticated in China between 11,500 and 6,200 BC with the earliest known cultivation from 5,700 BC, followed by mung, soy and azuki beans
Agricultural Bank of China, also known as AgBank, is one of the "Big Four" banks in China. It was founded on 10 July 1951, and has its headquarters in Dongcheng District, Beijing. It has branches throughout mainland China, Hong Kong, London, Tokyo, New York, Frankfurt, Sydney, Seoul, and Singapore.
This study were examined relationship between BANK CREDITS and investment growth of agricultural in international sector.The results confirm the existence of a long-run relationship between variables in model. In addition, according to the results, bank credit is the most significant variable in explaining the GROWTH INVESTING, so that increases access to it will encourage growth investment of the agricultural sector. The first official agricultural finance institution of Iran was established in 1933.
PELAKSANAAN ARISAN MENURUN KETRIN DI GRUP WHATSAPP DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Nur Jannah Eka Cipta , Ulpah Mariya 
Published: May 2024

Tulisan ini menjelaskan tentang pengelolaan arisan dengan pola arisan menurun. Hukum Islam pada dasarnya membolehkan pelaksanaan arisan seperti kebanyakan arisan pada umumnya, tetapi jika syarat dan ketentuan arisan ada unsur ketidak adilan dan memberatkan para peserta arisan, maka arisan tersebut tidak diperbolehkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pelaksanaan arisan menurun Ketrin di grup WhatsApp. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskripstif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengkaji kegiatan arisan ketrin dengan pola menurun. Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa arisan menurun ketrin mengandung unsur riba, karena terdapat keuntungan, terdapat pula unsur ketidakadilan dari adanya ketidakseimbangan antara iuran yang berbeda-beda serta pemilik arisan yang memperoleh uang tanpa membayar iuran. Selain itu, arisan ini pun terdapat hal-hal yang diperbolehkan, yakni terkait syarat dan rukun akad qardh dan sistem slot, karena terbebas dari unsur yang diharamkan. Walaupun dalam pandangan hukum Islam, arisan online diperbolehkan, tetapi jika dilihat dari pelaksanaan arisan menurun Ketrin, sebaiknya arisan ini dihindari, karena di dalamnya terdapat unsur riba.
ETIKA SISWA DAN GURU PADA PROSES PEMBELAJARAN DALAM PEMIKIRAN IMAM AL-GHAZALI
Authors: Arifin Jaenal , Salbiah Siti , Ghofur Abdul 
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi pemikiran Imam al-Ghazali tentang etika siswa dan guru pada proses pembelajaran. Etika siswa dan guru menjadi penting, terutama ketika terjadi proses transformasi ilmu pengetahuan dan nilai-nilai pendidikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif kepustakaan dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif analitis. Data primer bersumber dari buku karya Imam al-Ghazali. Dan data sekunder diperoleh dari buku, jurnal, dan lainnya yang memiliki relevansi dengan pembahasan. Penelitian memberikan kesimpulan bahwa ketika belajar siswa hendaknya menjaga etika-etika berupa mensucikan jiwa, menjauhkan diri dari urusan dunia, menjauhkan diri dari sifat sombong, menghindari perdebatan dan fanatik pada satu pendapat, tidak meninggalkan atau membenci suatu ilmu, belajar secara bertahap dan memperbaiki niat dan tujuan. Begitu pula seorang guru harus memiliki etika-etika dalam pengajaran berupa menyayangi dan menganggap siswa seperti anak sendiri, guru bersikap ikhlas dan mengharap ridha Allah Swt, guru memberikan nasihat kepada siswa, mengingatkan kesalahan siswa dengan bijak, menghargai dan menghormati ilmu, guru harus mengetahui kemampuan berfikir dan kondisi siswa, menjadi contoh dalam pengamalan ilmu. Pemikiran Imam al-Ghazali ini sangat relevan dengan pendidikan saat ini dimana sekolah harus menanamkan nilai-nilai etika dalam proses pembelajaran.
Contribution of green culture practices to achieving sustainable performance in Algeria
Authors: Ben Yahia Nadjat , Belagra Fatna , Hazerchi Tarek 
Published: May 2024

Purpose. The study aims to find sustainable solutions that support the performance of organizations, especially oil companies in Algeria, which have a significant impact on the country. In addition to identifying green behaviours that support a green culture within the organization, we also determined whether they have an impact on sustainable performance in the Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) district in Djelfa (Algeria).
Results. The results of the study showed that there is an impact of the green organizational culture in the LPG district in Djelfa on sustainable performance and this is at the level of significance (0.05≥α) the greener the organizational culture, the more sustainable the performance. In addition, the variable of green organizational culture accounts for 57.8 % of the variation in the sustainable performance variable. The predictive suitability (Q²) of the pathway model was 30.8 % for the sustainable performance variable in the structural model which is above zero.
Scientific novelty. The novelty of our research lies in the combination of the green culture variable and the sustainable efficiency variable. The study relied on the best-known indicators that measure each variable under the study, and both the (SPSS) and (Smart PLS) program were used to obtain more reliable results. The study also focuses on stopping the marginalization of the sustainability in Algeria, especially in oil companies because they extract oil natural resources and improve them. These two processes have risks to the environment and society. We have recommended that company spread, educate and deepen its green culture and provide all necessary means to achieve sustainable performance.
Practical value. It is necessary to work on creating a green culture related to preserving and respecting the environment inside and outside the organization by clarifying the customs, traditions, values and others that affect behaviour. It is necessary to develop the performance of organizations to include the aspect – economic, social and environmental. It is necessary to identify the company’s strengths and weaknesses, which it should take more into account and develop in order to be able to increase its sustainable performance. The results and recommendations presented in the paper can be published and disseminated for the benefit of companies operating in the sector and elsewhere.
An integrated uncrewed aerial vehicle platform with sensing and sampling systems for the measurement of air pollutant concentrations
Authors: Liang Chen-Wei , Shen Chang-Hung 
Published: May 2024

Abstract. In this study, an uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) platform with sensing and sampling systems was developed for three-dimensional (3D) measurements of air pollutant concentrations. The sensing system of this platform contains multiple microsensors and Internet of Things devices for determining the 3D distributions of four critical air pollutants and two meteorological parameters in real time. Moreover, the sampling system comprises remote-controllable gas sampling kits, each of which contains a 1 L Tedlar bag for the 3D measurement of volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations according to the Toxic Organics-15 (TO-15) method of the US Environmental Protection Agency. The performance of the developed UAV platform was verified in experiments where it was used to detect air pollutant emissions from a large industrial zone in Taiwan that included a traditional industrial park, a precision machinery park, and a municipal waste incineration plant. Three locations were selected as field measurement sites according to the prevailing local wind direction. The vertical distributions of four critical air pollutants, the ambient temperature, and the relative humidity were determined from data gathered at the aforementioned sites in March and May 2023. A total of 56 and 72 chemical species were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed in these two periods, respectively. The experimental results verified the feasibility of using the proposed UAV platform for accurately evaluating the air pollutant concentration distribution and transport in an industrial zone. The sampling system can be used as the sampling part of the TO-15 method, thus extending the method to measure the 3D distribution of VOCs in an area. The UAV platform can serve as a useful tool in the management of and decision-making process for air pollution in industrial areas.
Exploring dual-lidar mean and turbulence measurements over complex terrain
Authors: Coimbra Isadora , Mann Jakob , Palma José 
Published: May 2024

Abstract. To assess the accuracy of lidars in measuring mean wind speed and turbulence at large distances above the ground as an alternative to tall and expensive meteorological towers, we evaluated three dual-lidar measurements in virtual mast (VM) mode over the complex terrain of the Perdigão-2017 campaign. The VMs were obtained by overlapping two coordinated Range Height Indicator scans, prioritising continuous vertical measurements at multiple heights at the expense of high temporal and spatial synchronisation. Forty-six days of results from three VMs (VM1 on the SW ridge, VM2 in the valley, and VM3 on the NE ridge) were compared against sonic readings (at 80 m and 100 m a.g.l.) in terms of 10 min means and variances, to assess accuracy and the influence of atmospheric stability, vertical velocity, and sampling rate on VM measurements. For mean flow quantities–wind speed (Vh), and u and v velocity components–, the r2 values were close to 1 at all VMs, with the lowest equal to 0.987; whereas in the case of turbulence measurements (u′u′ and v′v′), the lowest was 0.869. Concerning differences between ridge and valley measurements, the average RMSE for the wind variances was 0.295 m2 s−2 at the VMs on the ridges. In the valley, under a more complex and turbulent flow, smaller between-beam angle, and lower lidars’ synchronisation, VM2 presented the highest variance RMSE, 0.600 m2 s−2 for u′u′. The impact of atmospheric stability on VM measurements also varied by location, especially for the turbulence variables. VM1 and VM3 exhibited better statistical metrics of the mean and turbulent wind under stable conditions, whereas, at VM2, the better results with a stable atmosphere were restricted to the wind variances. We suspect that with a stable and less turbulent atmosphere, the scan synchronisation in the dual-lidar systems had a lower impact on the measurement accuracy. No correlation was found between VM measurement errors and the vertical wind speed measured by the anemometers, confirming the validity of the VM results and the zero vertical velocity assumption. Lastly, the VMs’ low sampling rate contributed to 33 % of the overall RMSE for mean quantities and 74 % for variances, under the assumption of a linear influence of the sampling rate on the dual-lidar error. Overall, the VM results showed the ability of this measurement methodology to capture mean and turbulent wind characteristics under different flow conditions and over mountainous terrain. Upon appraisal of the VM accuracy based on sonic anemometer measurements at 80 and 100 m a.g.l., we obtained vertical wind profiles up to 430 m a.g.l. To ensure dual-lidar measurement reliability, we recommend a 90° angle between beams and a sampling rate of at least 0.05 Hz for mean and 0.2 Hz for turbulent flow variables.