bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short-term effects of NO2 on the risk of stroke hospitalization and interaction with climatic factors: a medical record-based study
Authors: Liu Zhuo , Ma Xiaojuan , Geng Yuhui , Chen Mingbo , Pan Ting , Meng Hua , Wang Xingtian , Lu Wenwen , Pan Dongfeng , Liang Peifeng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Evidence for NO2 as a traffic sign pollutant on the risk of stroke in the population is deficient, and there is no clear evidence of an interaction with extreme meteorological conditions.
Methods
We used a generalized additive model to assess the independent effect of NO2 on stroke, plotted exposure-response curves to assess the relationship between ambient NO2 concentrations and the risk of hospitalization for stroke in the population, and stratified analyses to assess the presence of interactions between NO2 and temperature and humidity.
Findings
The single-day lagged and cumulative lagged effects of NO2 on the risk of HS hospitalization had the largest effect values at Lag0 (ER = 3.430, 95%CI: 1.326 ~ 5.577), Lag05 (ER = 4.643, 95%CI: 0.781 ~ 8.652), respectively; and the single-day lagged and cumulative lagged effects of NO2 on the risk of IS hospitalization had the largest effect value at The effect values were largest at Lag1 (ER = 2.076, 95%CI: 0.180 ~ 4.007) and Lag02 (ER = 3.347, 95% CI: 0.827 ~ 5.529).High temperature was synergistic with ambient NO2 on the risk of hospitalization in both HS and IS total populations (RERI = 0.083, 95%CI: 0.004 ~ 0.207), (RERI = 0.074, 95%CI: 0.009 ~ 0.168), and low RH and high RH synergistic with ambient NO2 on the risk of hospitalization in HS (RERI = 0.099, 95% CI: 0.052 to 0.142), (RERI = 0.127, 95% CI: 0.111 to 0.155).
Interpretation
Exposure to NO2 increases the risk of hospitalization related to hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes. NO2 and temperature or humidity interact with risk of stroke hospitalization with sex and age differences.
Object detection using CNN and YoloV5
Authors: QUreshi Minaam Reyaz , Bashir Amar , Ahiq Amaan , Pasargi Darshan , S Prof. Nikitha K. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

A YOLOv5 model-based object detection software is presented in this paper. A number of forms of media sources, such as pictures, videos, and real-time videos, can be used with the program. Users can choose the location of the model weights, the media to be analyzed, the size of the image processing to be done, and more. After identifying items in the media, the script outputs those objects together with the bounding boxes that belong to them. It uses a method known as Non-Max Suppression (NMS) to get rid of duplicate detections and provides options for saving the results in several formats or seeing them right on the screen. For possibly better detection accuracy over time, the script can optionally be set up to update the YOLOv5 model weights.
Designing and Validating a Contextual Home-Based Physical Activity and Exercise Rehabilitation for Patients with Coronary Artery Disease in Low Resource Settings: Patients’ Experiences and Expert Opinions
Authors: Yaqoob Adnan , Barolia Rubina , Ladak Laila , Khan Aamir Hameed , Pannu Furqan Yaqub , Hanif Asif , Sahar Wajeeha 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Cardiac rehabilitation plays a significant role in patients' lives for returning to a healthy routine. Recovery from a heart attack without a structured cardiac rehabilitation program is incomplete or delayed. Unfortunately, structured cardiac rehabilitation centers are scarce in countries with limited resources, particularly Pakistan. Home-Based Physical Activity and Exercise Rehabilitation can be an excellent alternative to CBCR because of the barriers between patients and the institution. Literature extensively suggests low-cost secondary prevention strategies like CR for every cardiac patient who has experienced a cardiac event or has undergone any cardiac procedure.
Aim: This study explored patients’ and HCPs' experiences and opinions on developing and validating a convenient, home-based physical activity and exercise rehabilitation for a low-resource setting.
Methods: Qualitative data were collected from 30 Participants (20 patients and 10 HCPs) through in-depth semi-structured interviews using a purposive and snowball sampling technique between July and December 2023. The data were organized and analyzed using NVIVO and ATLAS.ti software. An inductive coding approach was used to generate codes, categories, and themes.
Results: Nine themes emerged from participants’ data: (1) Lack of Discharge Education by Healthcare Professionals, (2) No Written guidance - Patients’ Need Written Health Information, (3) Low Prescription and Challenges in Doing PA and Exercise, (4) Duration of Rest and Activities to Commence With, (5) Activities to be Performed Daily, (6) Activities to Improve Exercise Endurance, (7) Convenient and Safe Exercises, (8) Exercises for Patients with Joint Pain, (9) Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type of Exercise.
Conclusion: The present study’s findings align with recent literature, emphasizing the recommendation for early initiation of physical activity and exercise for heart patients. This contextual intervention based on patients and HCPs can improve patients' overall health after a heart attack.
Understanding the Cultural Crisis: A Web Scraping Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccine Perceptions and Media Patterns
Authors: Gebretensae Yacob 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Social media platforms and online news channels have become even more essential during the COVID-19 pandemic, as they play a crucial role in distributing news widely in our digital era. News coverage during the COVID-19 pandemic has seen a substantial increase in speed, with information being quickly spread through both traditional media channels and social media platforms. Consequently, a surge in multiple conspiracy theories has caused individuals from different countries to raise unease about the safety and effectiveness of vaccines that were developed within a relatively short timeframe. Some key subjects discussed include the effectiveness of vaccines, different cultural perspectives on individual rights and public health in relation to vaccination, religious concerns about vaccines, and the prevalent skepticism and lack of trust in vaccines among both citizens and global communities. Our use of Python scripts allowed us to create a versatile solution for extracting, organizing, and interpreting data from the digital realm. This enabled us to track breaking news stories, analyze trends, and monitor mandatory regulations. This study utilized Python and web scraping techniques to conduct sentiment analysis. It aimed to examine the correlation between news flow and vaccine hesitancy and refusal across 29 countries. The analysis involved analyzing vaccine-related news and key terms. Our findings shed light on how news influences individuals' decisions to refuse vaccinations. Nevertheless, the sheer volume of information also concerns its precision and trustworthiness. Python scripting in web scraping has become increasingly crucial in navigating the vast online news coverage. By automating the process, these scripts enable users to stay well-informed, transparent, and proactive in an era where the dependability and significance of information are crucial.
Child-Oriented Foods (Snacks) in the Syrian Market: Food Additives Assessment
Authors: yousseef Manhal , Barhoom Ghinwa , Shalle Shahira 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This study discusses the presence of various food additives in child-oriented snacks in the Syrian market. A total of 65 additives were found in the 603 snacks studied. The most common additives were E500 (Sodium carbonates), which is used as an acidity regulator, anticaking agent, and emulsifying agent, present in 35.7% of the products. Next was E322 (Lecithin), an antioxidant and emulsifier, found in 31.6% of the products. E551 (Silicon dioxide), a carrier and anti-foaming agent, was present in 26.4% of the products. E102 (Tartrazine), a color, was detected in 16.7% of the snacks. Also, the most commonly used colors, preservatives, acidity regulators, antioxidants, sweeteners, thickeners/stabilizers/emulsifiers, and flavor enhancers in Syrian child-oriented foods were determined. Some words like perfumes, enhancers, and natural or synthetic flavors were mentioned without specific additives being identified.
Efficient Graph Partitioning using LouvainSplit Algorithm
Authors: Javadi Mehrdad , Aghighi Hossein , Azadbakht Mohsen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Graph partitioning is essential for uncovering cohesive communities within complex networks. This paper introduces LouvainSplit, an innovative algorithm designed to enhance graph partitioning efficiency and accuracy. LouvainSplit leverages advanced techniques in feature representation, community detection, and evaluation, providing a robust framework for addressing challenges inherent in graph partitioning tasks across diverse domains. At its core, LouvainSplit utilizes a feature pyramid representation approach to extract both basic and summary features from input graphs at multiple granularity levels. This methodology ensures a subtle evaluation of graph data by capturing fundamental graph information alongside intricate structural patterns, thus offering a comprehensive representation of underlying community structures. A key innovation of our approach is the integration of the Louvain algorithm, renowned for its efficacy in community detection. By leveraging pairwise cosine similarities computed from node feature vectors, the Louvain algorithm optimizes modularity iteratively, effectively partitioning graphs into cohesive communities. This iterative process facilitates the identification of significant network structures within complex networks, providing valuable insights into their organizational dynamics. To comprehensively evaluate LouvainSplit's performance, we integrated diverse graph partitioning algorithms, including PyMetis, Genetic Algorithm (GA), DBSCAN, KMeans, OPTICS, and spectral clustering to evaluate the effectiveness of LouvainSplit and using popular evaluation metrics across diverse benchmarks spanning various domains and graphs. The results demonstrate LouvainSplit's superiority in terms of recall score, modularity, and scalability compared to existing methods. Moreover, LouvainSplit maintains competitive average runtime values, ensuring efficient processing even with large-scale datasets.
The Causal Relationship Between Obesity and Mechanical Complications of Prosthesis After Arthroplasty: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: He Bin , Hou Zhiao , Wang Zicheng , Chen Ji , Deng Qiu , Xiang Tao , Xiao Hong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Observational studies have identified associations between Obesity and Mechanical Complications of Prosthesis After Arthroplasty. But such studies are susceptible to reverse causation and residual confounding. In addition, there was a lack of randomization control studies to estimate the causal relationship. Here we used Mendelian randomization to assess whether the association might be causal.
Methods: In this study, single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with obesity was extracted as instrumental variables from the Gene-Wide Association Study database (GWAS). Data on genetic variants of Mechanical Complications of Prosthesis was obtained from the Finnish database. Heterogeneity of the data was assessed using IVW, MR-Egger and Cochran's Q statistics. Potential causality was assessed using inverse variance weighting, Mendelian randomisation Egger, and weighted median methods.
Results: Inverse variance-weighted regression associated Complications of Prosthesis After Arthroplasty with body mass index, waist circumference, and hip circumference (all odds ratios＞1, P＜0.05). Heterogeneity was minimal and no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy was found.
Conclusion: Our results enriched findings from previous epidemiology studies and provided evidence from MR that obesity is a risk factor for complications of prosthesis after arthroplasty.
The discovery of Borealis mud volcano: a natural sanctuary for threatened Arctic species
Authors: Panieri Giuliana , Argentino Claudio , Savini Alessandra , Ferré Bénédicte , Mattingsdal Rune , Ramalho Sofia , Eilertsen Mari , Eidvin Tor , Youngs Sarah , Colson Beckett , Michel Anna , Kapit Jason , Hemmateenejad Fereshteh , Swanborn Denise , Roger Alex , Mazzini Adriano , Angeles Ines Barrenechea , Polteau Stephane , Kalenitchenko Dimitri , Buenz Stefan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This paper presents the recent discovery of Borealis, a submerged mud volcano systemlocated in the Polar North Atlantic, distinct from the numerous methane seepages previously identified in the region. In situ observations using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) have captured the expulsion of warm (11.5°C) Neogene sediments and the eruption of methane-dominated fluids from a localised site within a ~500 m diameter crater. The seafloor around Borealis comprises laterally extensive carbonate deposits, suggesting long-lasting diffuse methane migration. Sampling and seafloor images reveal that Borealis hosts unique habitats thriving in the low-oxygen environments around methane seeps. Additionally, the irregualry shaped carbonate structures serve as a natural refuge from bottom trawling as well as a substratum for sessile fauna and function as nursing grounds for threatened fish species. This discovery in the Polar North Atlantic highlights the ecological value of cold seep ecosystems, which play a critical role in biodiversity by acting as sanctuaries for marine species, hence emphasising the importance of their conservation.
Exploring Wealth Dynamics: A Comprehensive Big Data Analysis of Wealth Accumulation Patterns
Authors: Rezaul Karim Mohammed , Khan Mifta Uddin , David Nnamdi Williams , Siddiquee Kazy Noor e Alam , Jannat Tajnuva , Islam Md Shabiul 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The study offers a thorough examination of the accumulation and distribution of wealth among billionaires through the application of big data analytics methodologies. This research centres on an extensive dataset known as "Billionaires.csv," which encompasses a range of information about billionaires from diverse nations, including their demographic characteristics, company particulars, sources of wealth, and more details. The study aims to get a deeper understanding of the determinants that change the net worth of billionaires and detect trends in the worldwide financial system that can guide entrepreneurial ventures and investment possibilities. The dataset is subjected to analysis and visualisation through the utilisation of Python tools and libraries, including but not limited to Pandas, NumPy, Matplotlib, and Seaborn. The results of this study offer valuable insights into the distribution of wealth among billionaires, the factors that contribute to industry success, gender disparities, age demographics, and other factors that influence the accumulation of billionaire wealth.
Perceived Organizational Support Scale: Translation and validation in Greek
Authors: Moisoglou Ioannis , Katsiroumpa Aglaia , Gallos Parisis , Kolisiati Antigoni , Tsiachri Maria , Tsakalaki Anastasia , Galanis Petros 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Organizational support is crucial to improve workers self-confidence, productivity and creativity.
Aim
To translate and validate the “Perceived Organizational Support” (POS) scale in Greek.
Methods
Our sample included 114 nurses in Greece. We performed our study during April 2024. We employed the forward-backward method to translate and adapt the POS in Greek language. We examined the construct validity of the POS by performing confirmatory factor analysis. We examined the concurrent validity of the POS using the “Quiet Quitting Scale” (QQS), the single item burnout measure, and the “Global Transformational Leadership” (GTL) scale. We examined the reliability of the POS by calculating Cronbach’s alpha.
Results
The POS showed very good psychometric properties. Our confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the one-factor structure of the POS. Concurrent validity of the Greek version of the POS was very good. We found statistically significant correlations between the POS and QQS (r = -0.233, p = 0.013), and GTL (r = 0.590, p < 0.001). We found that the POS had very good reliability since intraclass correlation coefficients for the eight items were higher than 0.798 (p < 0.001 in all cases). Moreover, Cronbach’s coefficient alpha for the POS was 0.946.
Conclusions
The Greek version of the “Perceived Organizational Support” scale is a reliable and valid tool to measure organizational support among employees.
Tributyrin Protects the Colon from DSS-induced Colitis
Authors: Brantley Kennedy , Cox Ellie , Pham Leah , Lawler Baylee , Banks Mallory , Fuller Isabella , Essien Bryan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background & Aims: Tributyrin (TB) is a stable form of butyrate. Butyrate is a major short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) produced by bacterial fermentation of dietary fiber in the colon by commensal bacteria. Studies have shown that butyrate maintains the differentiated state of the colon and is a potent anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agent. In addition, butyrate stimulates the host’s innate immune system. We have established that butyrate stimulates ZBP gene expression and serotonin (5HT) production, which subsequently stimulates the release of antimicrobial peptides during the infection by Salmonella typhimurium. We investigated whether tributyrate modulates gut homeostasis and cellular functions during inflammation-driven colitis.
Method: We used dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice model using C57/B6J mice. 10 male group of mice received DSS in water and were given a normal rodent chaw diet without tributyrin supplement. 10 male group of mice received DSS in water and were given a normal rodent chaw diet with tributyrin supplement.
Result: Tributyrin prevented weight loss which was significantly observed in mice treated with DSS without tributyrin in diet. Additionally, tributyrin prevented colon shortening and significantly suppresses inflammation. Mice treated with DSS alone exhibited significant clinical scores, whereas mice receiving DSS with Tributyrin were trending towards recovery after day 5. Furthermore, histological studies revealed that tributyrin significantly impeded the development of inflammation, epithelial damage and hyperplasia in DSS-induced mice model.
Conclusion: These results indicated that tributyrin mitigates the inflammatory effects of DSS on mucosal epithelial tissue, presumably due in part to 5HT production in response to butyrate.
Barriers and facilitators to medication adherence in patients after PCI surgery: A mixed-methods systematic review
Authors: Fang Yong , Jiang Zhili , Han Zhihao , Dong Fanghong , Chen Dili , Xiang Xinyue , Huang Lihua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Aims
To systematically synthesize the quantitative and qualitative evidence on barriers and facilitators to medication adherence in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) surgery.
Background
Medication adherence in patients after PCI surgery is paramount in the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. While numerous studies have explored factors influencing medication adherence in patients and devised intervention strategies to improve it, these interventions often remain limited to medication reminders and health education, with less-than-optimistic outcomes. A comprehensive understanding of barriers and facilitators to medication adherence in patients after PCI surgery and the development of integrated intervention strategies may prove to be more effective.
Design:
A convergent integrated mixed-methods systematic review was conducted using the JBI approach.
Methods
Literature on barriers and facilitators of medication adherence in patients after PCI surgery was systematically searched in English and Chinese databases including PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, and CBM, from inception to March 1, 2023. Screening of literature was conducted based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Two researchers independently performed data extraction and quality assessment. The analysis of barriers and facilitators of medication adherence in patients was based on the six sub-components of the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behavior (COM-B) model. The systematic review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022338400).
Results
A total of 15 studies were included in the analysis, encompassing 3 qualitative studies, 5 cross-sectional studies, and 7 cohort studies. The research identified 30 influencing factors that were categorized into six sub-components (physical capability, psychological capability, reflective motivation, automatic motivation, physical opportunity, and social opportunity).
Conclusion
Identifying of barriers and facilitators of medication adherence within the six categories of the COM-B model in patients undergoing PCI can serve as a foundation for developing intervention strategies. It is recommended to implement comprehensive approaches that target factors in different domains to improve medication adherence among PCI patients.
14-year experience of National Reference Center for Rotavirus A in Belgium: unusual dominance of equine-like G3P[8] genotype after the pandemic
Authors: Karatas Mustafa , Bloemen Mandy , Cuypers Lize , Wollants Elke , Ranst Marc Van , Matthijnssens Jelle 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Despite vaccine availability, rotavirus persists as a leading cause of gastroenteritis in children under five years of age, and continued surveillance of circulating genotypes is needed to monitor their evolution.
Methods
We collected 8024 rotavirus positive samples throughout Belgium between 2009 and 2023. For 6352 samples we were able to determine the G and/or P genotypes through sequencing of the genes encoding the outer capsid proteins VP7 and VP4.
Results
In the pre-pandemic period, we received an average of 622 samples per season, which decreased to 114 and 111 samples during the two pandemic seasons. In the first post-pandemic season we observed a peak surge of 1048 samples. Notably, the proportion of cases in the 2-5-year-old age group increased from 20.3% before the pandemic to 33% after the pandemic (p<0.001). Over the 14-year study period, the most common genotypes were G2P[4], G3P[8], and G9P[8]. Post-pandemic data show an unusually strong dominance of the “equine-like G3P[8]” genotype in two consecutive seasons (2021-2023). These equine-like G3P[8] strains are strongly associated with the DS-1-like genotype constellation and were first identified in 2014-2015 in Belgium. Additionally, a significant overrepresentation of vaccinated individuals was found within the equine-like VP7 carrying G3P[8]-infected patient samples compared to infections with other genotypes, including typical human VP7 G3P[8].
Conclusion
Despite the presence of typical seasonal genotype fluctuations, the pandemic seems to be associated with several epidemiological changes, including the unusually strong dominance of an emerging rotavirus strain, against which currently used vaccines may be less effective. It is important to continue close monitoring of this strain to investigate whether this is a temporary phenomenon or if these strains may pose an increased public health threat.