bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure–retention relationship study of arylpiperazines by linear multivariate modeling
Authors: Trifković Jelena , Andrić Filip , Ristivojević Petar , Andrić Deana , Tešić Živoslav Lj , Milojković‐Opsenica Dušanka M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA quantitative structure–retention relationship study has been performed to correlate the retention of 33 newly synthesized arylpiperazines with their molecular characteristics, using thin‐layer chromatography. Principal component analysis followed by multiple linear regression (MLR), principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares (PLS) was performed to identify the most important factors, to quantify their influences, and to select descriptors that best describe the behavior of the compounds investigated. The best statistical performance was achieved by applying PLS regression, leading to the lowest value of the standard error (root mean square errors of calibration of 0.159 and cross‐validated value RMSE cross‐validation=0.231 units), followed by the PCR (root mean square errors of calibration=0.195 and RMSE cross‐validation=0.305) and MLR ($R_{{\rm{adj}}}^2$=0.9499, F=102.017, mean square error=0.052 and predicted residual error sum of squares=2.23). Two factors of the highest influence: surface tension and hydrophilic–lipophilic balance appear as the part of obtained models. In addition, polar surface area and hydrophilic surface area are included by both PLS and PCR models. Moreover, logP has been added to the PLS model. Besides, PCR model includes following descriptors: hydrogen bond acceptor, hydrogen bond donor and LUMO energy, whereas topological descriptors: connectivity indices 0 and 2, and valence index 3 are included in the MLR model.
Synthesis and application of core‐shell complex‐imprinted polymer for the solid‐phase extraction of melamine from dairy products
Authors: Zhang Zhaohui , Zhang Minglei , Luo Lijuan , Yang Xiao , Hu Yufang , Zhang Huabin , Yao Shouzhuo 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA core‐shell complex‐imprinted polymer (CIP) was synthesized and evaluated for selective extraction of melamine from dairy products. The CIP synthesis based on surface modification of home‐made silicon microspheres was conductedviaa metal complex as functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethylacrylate as cross‐link and melamine as template. The resulting CIP was characterized by SEM and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. When the amount of silica microspheres was 100 mg and the molar ratio of copper(II) methacrylate to EDGMA was 1:10, well‐dispersed particles were obtained. The complex‐imprinted SPE condition was optimized and the maximum enrichment factor of melamine can be up to 40. The reliability of complex‐imprinted SPE for extraction and enrichment of melamine was investigated and proved by using spiked samples including milk and milk powder with the recoveries ranging from 87 to 92%.
Phonon dynamics simulation of TlH2PO4 crystal
Authors: Shchur Yaroslav 
Published: July 2010

AbstractLattice dynamics of TlH2PO4 crystal was simulated within the atomistic semi‐empirical approach in high‐temperature Pbcn and ferroelastic P21/b phases. Phonon dispersion relations, partial density of phonon states, dispersion of mean square displacements and isotropic temperature factors were calculated. Using both the lattice dynamics simulation and phenomenological Landau–Ginzburg analysis it was shown that the ferroelastic phase transition occurs due to the bilinear interaction between the soft B3g optical and transverse acoustic TAYZ phonon modes. The oxygen–hydrogen interactions within the shorter O1H1···O2 hydrogen bonds play the key role at the ferroelastic phase transition.
Nanopatch‐Targeted Skin Vaccination against West Nile Virus and Chikungunya Virus in Mice
Authors: Prow Tarl W. , Chen Xianfeng , Prow Natalie A. , Fernando Germain J. P. , Tan Cindy S. E. , Raphael Anthony P. , Chang David , Ruutu Merja P. , Jenkins Derek W. K. , Pyke Alyssa , Crichton Michael L. , Raphaelli Kristin , Goh Lucas Y. H. , Frazer Ian H. , Roberts Michael S. , Gardner Joy , Khromykh Alexander A. , Suhrbier Andreas , Hall Roy A. , Kendall Mark A. F. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe ‘Nanopatch’ (NP) comprises arrays of densely packed projections with a defined geometry and distribution designed to physically target vaccines directly to thousands of epidermal and dermal antigen presenting cells (APCs). These miniaturized arrays are two orders of magnitude smaller than standard needles—which deliver most vaccines—and are also much smaller than current microneedle arrays. The NP is dry‐coated with antigen, adjuvant, and/or DNA payloads. After the NP was pressed onto mouse skin, a protein payload co‐localized with 91.4 ± 4.1 APC mm−2 (or 2925 in total) representing 52% of the delivery sites within the NP contact area, agreeing well with a probability‐based model used to guide the device design; it then substantially increases as the antigen diffuses in the skin to many more cells. APC co‐localizing with protein payloads rapidly disappears from the application area, suggesting APC migration. The NP also delivers DNA payloads leading to cutaneous expression of encoded proteins within 24 h. The efficiency of NP immunization is demonstrated using an inactivated whole chikungunya virus vaccine and a DNA‐delivered attenuated West Nile virus vaccine. The NP thus offers a needle‐free, versatile, highly effective vaccine delivery system that is potentially inexpensive and simple to use.
Radiological research activity 1998–2007: relationship to gross domestic product, health expenditure and public expenditure on education
Authors: Spitzmueller David , Hodler Juerg , Seifert Burkhardt , Zanetti Marco 
Published: July 2010

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship of the radiological research activity from 1998 to 2007 to the gross domestic product (GDP), health expenditure and public expenditure on education.

Methods
The population-adjusted research activity determined by the number of articles published, the cumulative impact factor (IF) and the cumulative IF per capita were correlated with per capita values of the GDP, health expenditure and public education expenditure. Linear regression analysis and multiple regression analysis were used for statistical analysis.

Results
The cumulative IF per capita correlated with the GDP per capita (R = 0.94, P < 0.0001), health expenditure per capita (R = 0.93, P < 0.0001) and public expenditure on education per capita (R = 0.93, P < 0.0001). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that public expenditure on education was an independent predictor of radiological research activity (P < 0.001), whereas the year, GDP and health expenditure did not reach statistical significance (P > 0.05).

Conclusion
Radiological research activity demonstrates a close relationship to the GDP, health expenditure and public expenditure on education. The last factor independently predicts research activity.
Extra-large pore zeolite (ITQ-40) with the lowest framework density containing double four- and double three-rings
Authors: Corma A. , Díaz-Cabañas M. J. , Jiang J. , Afeworki M. , Dorset D. L. , Soled S. L. , Strohmaier K. G. 
Published: July 2010

The first zeolite structure (ITQ-40) that contains double four (D4) and double three (D3) member ring secondary building units has been synthesized by introducing Ge and NH
4
F and working in concentrated synthesis gels. It is the first time that D3-Rs have been observed in a zeolite structure. As was previously analyzed [Brunner GO, Meier, WM (1989)
Nature
337:146–147], such a structure has a very low framework density (10.1 T/1,000
Å
3
). Indeed, ITQ-40 has the lowest framework density ever achieved in oxygen-containing zeolites. Furthermore, it contains large pore openings, i.e., 15-member rings parallel to the [001] hexagonal axis and 16-member ring channels perpendicular to this axis. The results presented here push ahead the possibilities of zeolites for uses in electronics, control delivery of drugs and chemicals, as well as for catalysis.
Large volume collapse observed in the phase transition in cubic PbCrO
3
perovskite
Authors: Xiao Wansheng , Tan Dayong , Xiong Xiaolin , Liu Jing , Xu Jian 
Published: July 2010

When cubic PbCrO
3
perovskite (Phase I) is squeezed up to ∼1.6 GPa at room temperature, a previously undetected phase (Phase II) has been observed with a 9.8% volume collapse. Because the structure of Phase II can also be indexed into a cubic perovskite as Phase I, the transition between Phases I and II is a cubic to cubic isostructural transition. Such a transition appears independent of the raw materials and synthesizing methods used for the cubic PbCrO
3
perovskite sample. In contrast to the high-pressure isostructural electronic transition that appears in Ce and SmS, this transition seems not related with any change of electronic state, but it could be possibly related on the abnormally large volume and compressibility of the PbCrO
3
Phase I. The physical mechanism behind this transition and the structural and electronic/magnetic properties of the condensed phases are the interesting issues for future studies.
Membrane Characteristics and Metabolic Properties of Glucose‐6‐Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficient Red Cells
Authors: Jansson Sten‐Erik , Hekali Riitta , Gripenberg Johan , Härkönen Matti , Vuopio3 Pekka 
Published: July 2010

Summary. Two Finnish variants of reduced erythrocyte glucose‐dehydrogenase (G‐6‐PD) activity were studied. The G‐6‐PD Espoo variant is characterized by severe enzyme deficiency which is normally non‐haemolytic although primaquine sensitive. The other variant, G‐6‐PD Helsinki, in which the enzyme activity is moderately reduced, is associated with chronic haemolytic anaemia.The activity of the pentose phosphate pathway was not stimulated by methylene blue in G‐6‐PD Espoo cells, whereas in normal and G‐6‐PD Helsinki cells there were increases in shunt activity of 64.5‐ and 5.3‐fold, respectively. As judged by the accumulation of 6‐phosphogluconate after incubation with 6‐aminonicotinamide, the activity of the pentosc phosphate pathway was similar in normal and G‐6‐PD Helsinki cells, whereas in G‐6‐PD Espoo cells the metabolic flux through this pathway was decreased. Quantities of sulphydryl groups in intact cells and isolated membranes were similar in normal and G‐6‐PD deficient cells, as revealed by spin label experiments. In contrast to the situation in normal cells, sulphydryl groups in G‐6‐PD Espoo cells, and to a lesser extent in G‐6‐PD Helsinki cells, were sensitive to oxidation by acetylphenylhydrazine. In the G‐6‐PD Helsinki cells, but not in the G‐6‐PD Espoo cells, membrane fluidity was increased, as judged from the increased mobility of the stearic acid spin label.Mechanisms are discussed by which G‐6‐PD deficient cells retain adequate levels of NADPH during resting conditions, and it is suggested that the chronic haemolysis associated with G‐6‐PD Helsinki could be due to a defect in the lipid region of the cell membrane.
Thrombopoiesis‐ and Megakaryocyte Colony‐stimulating Factors in the Urine of Patients with Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Kawakita Makoto , Enomoto Katsuto , Katayama Noritaka , Kishimoto Susumu , Miyake Takaji 
Published: July 2010

Summary.The urinary extract from patients with severe, chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) was capable of inducing significant thrombocytosis in rats in vivo and enhancing megakaryocyte colony formation in culture of mouse bone marrow cells. The apparent specific activity of megakaryocyte colony stimulating factor (MEG‐CSF) in the ITP extract was approximately one‐half of that of the urinary extract from patients with aplastic anaemia (AA). Daily injections of ITP extract did not cause an increase in Hb concentration, while rats receiving AA urinary extract revealed profound erythropoiesis 3 weeks later. In vitro assay of erythropoietin (EPO) failed to show significant EPO activity in the extract from patients with ITP. These findings excluded the possibility that the observed activities of thrombopoiesis‐stimulating factor (TSF) and MEG‐CSF in the ITP urinary extract are due to contaminating EPO. Urine of patients with severe ITP appears to be a good source of TSF and MEG‐CSF.
Overproduction of structurally normal enzyme in man: hereditary haemolytic anaemia with increased red cell adenosine deaminase activity
Authors: Fujii Hisaichi , Miwa Shiro , Tani Kenzaburo , Fujinami Noboru , Asano Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2010

Summary.The mechanism of red cell adenosine deaminase (ADA) accumulation in a case of hereditary haemolytic anaemia due to increased red cell ADA activity was investigated. ADA activity of the younger cells was twice that of the older cells. Rate of ADA synthesis in erythroid colony cells cultured from the patient's bone marrow cells was 11‐fold greater than that from the normal. The accumulation of ADA in the patient seems to be due to the increased synthesis in precursors of red cells in spite of the increased degradation in peripheral blood.
Interleukin 1 or endotoxin increases the release of von Willebrand factor from human endothelial cells
Authors: Schorer Anna E. , Moldow Charles F. , Rick Margaret E. 
Published: July 2010

Summaryvon Willebrand factor (vWF), a large adhesive glycoprotein, is synthesized by vascular endothelial cells (EC). Plasma levels of vWF manifest a broad normal range, and are elevated during sepsis and in inflammatory states. Since the inflammatory mediator, interleukin 1 (IL1) and bacterial endotoxin (LPS) both initiate procoagulant changes in vascular endothelium, we investigated the effect of these substances on endothelial cell release and residual endothelial cell content of vWF‐antigen (vWFAg). Cultured human EC exposed to either IL1 or LPS released greater amounts of vWFAg compared to control EC. The augmented release could be detected within 1–2 h after exposure to IL1 or LPS and was not inhibited by cycloheximide, suggesting that de novo protein synthesis was not required for release to occur. Residual cellular vWFAg was reciprocally lower in IL1‐ or LPS‐treated EC at 24 and 48 h, indicating that compensatory increase in synthesis of vWFAg did not occur during this time interval. Released vWF contained the higher molecular weight multimers observed in normal endothelial cells, and it possessed ristocetin cofactor activity. We propose that release of functional vWF from EC exposed to inflammatory mediators may be at a mechanism for localization of platelets and enhanced thrombogenicity at inflammatory foci.
High levels of anti‐cytoskeleton autoantibodies are frequently associated with chronic GVHD
Authors: Dighiero Guillaume , Intrator Liliane , Cordonnier Catherine , Tortevoye Patricia , Vernant Jean‐Paul 
Published: July 2010

SummaryTwenty‐two patients (acute myeloid leukaemia 13, acute lymphoid leukaemia 5, chronic myeloid leukaemia 4) with an average age of 25 years (range 8–36 years), had received allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from an HLA identical sibling. The BMT recipients were followed up for a period of 4–65 months. All patients were given cyclophosphamide, total body irradiation and methotrexate in order to prevent graft‐versus‐host disease (GvHD). Eleven of 22 patients exhibited chronic graft versus host disease (cGvHD) (extensive in five, limited in six at the time of the study) assessed by clinical and histological parameters. Serum samples were collected from these patients, before BMT (except in one case) and then every 2 or 3 months. Sequential studies to determine the presence of autoantibodies against cytoskeletal proteins (actin, tubulin, myosin), dsDNA and dDNA in these sera were performed by an ELISA method. Simultaneously, immunoelectrophoresis and measurement of complement fractions C3, C4 were performed on each sample. High levels of autoantibodies against cytoskeletal proteins were found in 10/11 patients with cGvHD and were absent in 11/11 patients without cGvHD; none of them exhibited anti‐DNA activity. At the same time, C4 levels were decreased in seven of these patients with cGvHD. Monoclonal immunoglobulins IgG and IgM (2–15 g/1) were found in 8/11, but the antibody activity was never found to be located within the M component. These results show a direct relationship between the presence of these autoantibodies and occurrence of cGvHD and indicate that they may constitute an immunological marker related to this complication. However, their predictive value is not clearly evident in this retrospective series as in some patients they preceded clinical signs of cGvHD, whereas in others they were associated with the onset of cGvHD.
Platelet reactions after interaction with cultured Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes
Authors: Inyang A. L. , Sodeinde O. , Okpako D. T. , Essien E. M. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryAn in vitro model for studying the interaction between normal human platelets and Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes in culture is described. After the interaction, changes in platelet function such as enhanced aggregation response to exogenous ADP and increased secretion of dense granule contents were reproduced. Some of these responses represented manifestations of platelet hypersensitivity described earlier in acute malaria infections in man and mice. Preliminary investigations of the mechanisms involved in such reactions revealed that ADP and thromboxane A2 mechanisms contributed about 79% and 18.5% of the enhanced aggregation response to exogenous stimuli in the system.
Transient reduction in erythrocyte membrane sialoglycoprotein β associated with the presence of elliptocytes
Authors: Daniels G. L. , Reid M. E. , Anstee D. J. , Beattie K. M. , Judd W. J. 
Published: July 2010

Erythrocyte membranes from an anaemic patient receiving gold therapy for rheumatoid arthritis had reduced β‐sialoglycoprotein (β‐SGP) content but normal expression of sialoglycoproteins α, δ and γ. Elliptocytes were present in the peripheral blood. The serum of the patient contained anti‐β‐SGP which did not appear to bind to her own cells. It reacted with all erythrocytes apart from β‐SGP deficient Leach phenotype cells. The antibody was inhibited by purified β‐SGP from normal red cells, bound to β‐SGP on immunoblots and also reacted with the abnormal β‐related‐SGP in erythrocyte membranes of both the Gerbich type and Yus type of Gerbich negative. Two years later the patient was no longer anaemic, no elliptocytes were seen in her peripheral blood film and her erythrocyte membranes had normal β‐SGP content. Antibody was no longer present in her serum and antibody from the earlier sample now reacted with the patient's erythrocytes.Erythrocyte membrane β‐SGP is known to be important in the maintenance of normal cell shape. It is likely that the transient occurrence of elliptocytes in the patient resulted from the concurrent temporary reduction in β‐SGP content of her erythrocyte membranes.
Interferon‐alpha‐induced morphological changes of megakaryocytes: a histomorphometrical study on bone marrow biopsies in chronic myeloproliferative disorders with excessive thrombocytosis
Authors: Chott Andreas , Gisslinger Heinz , Thiele Juergen , Fritz Elke , Linkesch Werner , Radaszkiewicz Thaddaeus , Ludwig Heinz 
Published: July 2010

SummaryInterferon(rIFN)‐alpha, a successful therapeutic agent in the control of thrombocytosis, has been shown to suppress human megakaryopoiesis. We investigated bone marrow biopsies from 12 patients with thrombocytosis due to chronic myeloproliferative disorders. Prior to treatment as well as during rIFN‐alpha‐2c therapy, several morphometric parameters of megakaryopoiesis were evaluated. Megakaryocyte density decreased significantly in all patients, megakaryocyte size decreased in polycythaemia vera, agnogenic myeloid metaplasia, and essential thrombocythaemia, but increased in chronic myeloid leukaemia. The various changes observed during therapy indicate an inhibitory effect of rIFN‐alpha‐2c on megakaryopoiesis and suggest a selective influence on megakaryocytes at various stages of maturation. Increased numbers of pyknotic (bare) nuclei may reflect a shortening of megakaryocyte life‐span. No remarkable changes were found in the fibre content of the bone marrow.
A novel dysfunctional protein C (Protein C Padua 2) associated with a thrombotic tendency: substitution of Cys for Arg‐1 results in a strongly reduced affinity for binding of Ca++
Authors: Girolami A. , Simioni P. , Girolami B. , Marchiori A. , Millar D. S. , Bignell P. , Kakkar V. V. , Cooper D. N. 
Published: July 2010

Summary. A dysfunctional protein C (PC) molecule (Protein C Padua 2) was found in a 40‐year‐old man presenting with recurrent deep vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism and a family history of thrombotic disease. The patient exhibited a normal PC antigen level, normal chromogenic activity (using Protac as PC activator) but markedly reduced coagulometric activity. After adsorption of patient plasma onto AI(OH), between 30% and 45% PC antigen/chromogenic activity but no coagulometric activity was detectable in the supernatant. The dysfunctional molecule exhibited reduced affinity for a Ca++ dependent anti‐protein C monoclonal antibody as detected by specific ELISA assay. Immunoblotting experiments showed that PC Padua 2 had an increased MW (95 kD v 65 kD for normal PC).The lesion responsible was determined by PCR/direct sequencing to be a heterozygous CGT/TGT transition in exon 3 of the protein C gene resulting in the substitution of Arg by Cys at residue — 1 in the pro‐peptide leader sequence.The presence of a high MW PC was consistent with the fact that (part of) the propeptide (at least Cys‐1) still was attached to the protein C molecule. This finding could also explain the strongly reduced affinity of PC Padua 2 for the Ca++ dependent anti‐protein C monoclonals.
Nonsense mutation in exon V of the factor XI gene does not abolish platelet factor XI expression
Authors: Shirk Rebecca A. , Konkle Barbara A. , Walsh Peter N. 
Published: July 2010

Factor XI (FXI) is a plasma glycoprotein produced by the liver that plays an essential role in blood coagulation. Individuals deficient in this protein are prone to bleeding following trauma or surgery. Well‐washed platelets possess FXI‐like activity and FXI antigen that differs in molecular weight from plasma FXI and is associated with FXI mRNA from platelets in which exon V is absent. Some individuals deficient in plasma FXI produce the platelet form of the protein. The molecular basis for the presence of platelet FXI in plasma FXI‐deficient patients is unknown. In the current study, to help determine the mechanism for this differential expression, the FXI genotype was determined for three plasma FXI‐deficient individuals who express platelet FXI. All three individuals had a nonsense mutation encoding a stop codon in exon V of the FXI gene that would result in a severely truncated polypeptide. An exon V nonsense mutation in the FXI gene combined with the absence of exon V in platelet FXI mRNA provides a plausible mechanism for the differential expression of platelet FXI in plasma FXI‐deficient patients.