bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Ku‐dependent non‐homologous end‐joining pathway contributes to low‐dose radiation‐stimulated cell survival
Authors: Yu Xiaoyan , Wang Hongyan , Wang Ping , Chen Benjamin P.C. , Wang Ya 
Published: July 2010

AbstractLow‐dose (≤0.1 Gy) radiation‐induced adaptive responses could protect cells from high‐challenge dose radiation‐induced killing. The protective role is believed to promote the repair of DNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs) that are a severe threat to cell survival. However, it remains unclear which repair pathway, homologous recombination repair (HRR) or non‐homologous end‐joining (NHEJ), is promoted by low‐dose radiation. To address this question, we examined the effects of low‐dose (0.1 Gy) on high‐challenge dose (2–4 Gy) induced killing in NHEJ‐ or HRR‐deficient cell lines. We showed that 0.1 Gy reduced the high‐dose radiation‐induced killing for wild‐type or HRR‐deficient cells, but enhanced the killing for NHEJ‐deficient cells. Interestingly, low‐dose radiation also enhanced the killing for wild‐type cells exposed to high‐challenge dose radiation with high‐linear energy transfer (LET). Because it is known that high‐LET radiation induces an inefficient NHEJ, these results support that the low‐dose radiation‐stimulated protective role in reducing high‐challenge dose (low‐LET)‐induced cell killing might depend on NHEJ. In addition, we showed that low‐dose radiation activated the DNA‐PK catalytic subunit (DNA‐PKcs) and the inhibitor of DNA‐PKcs destroyed the low‐dose radiation‐induced protective role. These results suggest that low‐dose radiation might promote NHEJ through the stimulation of DNA‐PKcs activity and; therefore, increase the resistance of cells to high‐challenge dose radiation‐induced killing. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 369–374, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Highly Air‐Stable Thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene‐Thiophene‐Thiazolo[5,4‐d]thiazole‐Based Polymers for Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Mishra Sarada P. , Palai Akshaya K. , Kumar Amit , Srivastava Ritu , Kamalasanan Modeeparampil N. , Patri Manoranjan 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA series of highly air‐stable, low‐bandgap poly(3‐alkylthiophene)s containing electron‐rich thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene and electron‐deficient thiazolo[5,4‐d]thiazole rings were synthesized by the Stille coupling reaction. The polymers exhibited good thermal stability and solubility with excellent film forming properties when drop‐ or spin‐cast from solution. A strong absorption at 564–568 nm and a shoulder at 614–616 nm were observed. The optical bandgap of the polymers was found to be 1.82–1.85 eV. The IP of the polymers was found to be 5.62–5.65 eV. All polymers showed strong fluorescent emission both in solution and in the solid state. EL devices were fabricated using the polymers as an emissive layer and red emission was observed with the emission range of 649–679 nm.magnified image
Synthesis and Characterization of a Red‐Emitting Copolymer Containing 5,8‐Quinoline Units
Authors: Liu Zhanpeng , Zhang Juanjuan , Qiu Yurui , Qin Long , Zhang Ping 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA novel nitrogen‐containing electroluminescent copolymer, PQV‐alt‐MOPPV has been designed and synthesized by Wittig‐Horner polymerization. Structure, thermal stability, and optical and electrochemical properties of the resulting copolymer were characterized by FT‐IR, 1H NMR, elemental analysis, GPC, DSC, TGA, UV‐vis, PL, EL, and CV. The copolymer possesses excellent solubility in common organic solvents and good thermal stability. The absorption maxima of the copolymer in solution and a thin film are 490 and 516 nm, and the photoluminescence maxima in solution and thin film are 571 and 629 nm, respectively. The PLED (ITO/PEDOT: PSS (40 nm)/PQV‐alt‐MOPPV (80 nm)/Ca (30 nm)/Al (150 nm) shows a very pure red light emission with maximum peaks around 618 nm.magnified image
Coping strategies used by children hospitalized with cancer: an exploratory study
Authors: Li H.C. William , Chung Oi Kwan Joyce , Ho Ka Yan Eva , Chiu Sau Ying , Lopez Violeta 
Published: July 2010

AbstractObjectives: The treatment of cancer is a stressful and threatening experience, particularly for children. Knowing how children cope with cancer is a crucial step toward designing appropriate psychological interventions that help them ease the burden of cancer treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine the coping strategies used by Chinese children hospitalized with cancer, an area of research that is under‐represented in the existing literature.Methods: Hong Kong Chinese children (9–16‐year olds) admitted for cancer treatment to the pediatric oncology units of two different regional acute public hospitals were invited to participate. A short one‐to‐one structured interview was conducted with each participant. Content analysis was conducted to analyze the interview data.Results: A convenience sample of 88 children was recruited and participated in the interviews during an 8‐month period. The coping strategies used by Chinese children hospitalized with cancer did not differ according to gender and diagnosis, but only according to age, with younger children using less problem‐focused and more emotion‐focused coping strategies than older children. The overall results indicated that 30% of these Chinese patients used problem‐focused coping strategies, while 70% used emotion‐focused coping.Conclusions: Findings from this study indicated that children use different coping strategies at different developmental stages. The study also revealed that Chinese children used more emotion‐focused than problem‐focused coping strategies than their Western counterparts. The information derived from this study will help health‐care professionals design and shape appropriate psychological interventions that can help reduce the burden of cancer treatment. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Arraying prostate specific antigen PSA and Fab anti‐PSA using light‐assisted molecular immobilization technology
Authors: Parracino Antonietta , Neves‐Petersen Maria Teresa , di Gennaro Ane Kold , Pettersson Kim , Lövgren Timo , Petersen Steffen B. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWe here report for the first time the creation of prostate specific antigen (PSA) and Fab anti‐PSA biosensor arrays using UV light‐assisted molecular immobilization (LAMI), aiming at the detection and quantification of PSA, a cancer marker. The technology involves formation of free, reactive thiol groups upon UV excitation of protein aromatic residues located in spatial proximity of disulphide bridges, a conserved structural feature in both PSA and Fab molecules. The created thiol groups bind onto thiol reactive surfaces leading to oriented covalent protein immobilization. Protein activity was confirmed carrying out immunoassays: immobilized PSA was recognized by Fab anti‐PSA in solution and immobilized Fab anti‐PSA cross‐reacted with PSA in solution. LAMI technology proved successful in immobilizing biomedically relevant molecules while preserving their activity, highlighting that insight into how light interacts with biomolecules may lead to new biophotonic technologies. Our work focused on the application of our new engineering principles to the design, analysis, construction, and manipulation of biological systems, and on the discovery and application of new engineering principles inspired by the properties of biological systems.
Neuroprotective and anti‐inflammatory effects of the adenosine A2A receptor antagonist ST1535 in a MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Frau Lucia , Borsini Franco , Wardas Jadwiga , Khairnar Amit S. , Schintu Nicoletta , Morelli Micaela 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAdenosine A2A receptor antagonists are one of the most attractive classes of drug for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) as they are effective in counteracting motor dysfunctions and display neuroprotective and anti‐inflammatory effects in animal models of PD. In this study, we evaluated the neuroprotective and anti‐inflammatory properties of the adenosine A2A receptor antagonist ST1535 in a subchronic 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of PD. C57BL/6J mice were repeatedly administered with vehicle, MPTP (20 mg/kg), or MPTP + ST1535 (2 mg/kg). Mice were sacrificed three days after the last administration of MPTP. Immunohistochemistry for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and cresyl violet staining were employed to evaluate dopaminergic neuron degeneration in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and caudate‐putamen (CPu). CD11b and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivity were, respectively, evaluated as markers of microglial and astroglial response in the SNc and CPu. Stereological analysis for TH revealed a 32% loss of dopaminergic neurons in the SNc after repeated MPTP administration, which was completely prevented by ST1535 coadministration. Similarly, CPu decrease in TH (25%) was prevented by ST1535. MPTP treatment induced an intense gliosis in both the SNc and CPu. ST1535 totally prevented CD11b immunoreactivity in both analyzed areas, but only partially blocked GFAP increase in the SNc and CPu. A2A receptor antagonism is a new opportunity for improving symptomatic PD treatment. With its neuroprotective effect on dopaminergic neuron toxicity induced by MPTP and its antagonism on glial activation, ST1535 represents a new prospect for a disease‐modifying drug. Synapse, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mitochondria in the striatum of subjects with schizophrenia: Relationship to treatment response
Authors: Somerville Shahza M. , Lahti Adrienne C. , Conley Robert R. , Roberts Rosalinda C. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSchizophrenia (SZ) is a severe mental illness with neuropathology in many regions, including the striatum. The typical symptoms of this disease are psychosis (such as hallucinations and delusions), cognitive impairments, and the deficit syndrome. Not all patients respond to treatment and, in those who do, only psychotic symptoms are improved. Imaging studies support a biological distinction between treatment response and resistance, but postmortem examinations of this issue are rare. This study tests the hypotheses that abnormalities in mitochondria, the energy producing organelles in the cell, may correlate with treatment response. Postmortem striatal tissue was obtained from the Maryland Brain Collection. The density of mitochondria (in various neuropil compartments) and the number of mitochondria per synapse (all types of synapses combined) were tallied using electron microscopy and stereology in striatum from SZ subjects (rated treatment responsive or not) and normal controls. The number of mitochondria per synapse was significantly different among groups for both the caudate nucleus (P < 0.025) and putamen (P < 0.002). Compared to controls, treatment‐responsive SZ subjects had a 37–43% decrease in the number of mitochondria per synapse in the caudate nucleus and putamen. In the putamen, treatment‐responsive subjects also had decreases in this measure compared to treatment‐resistant subjects (34%). Our results provide further support for a biological distinction between treatment response and treatment resistance in SZ. Because treatment responders have fewer mitochondria per synapse than controls, although the treatment‐resistant subjects have similar results to that of controls, fewer mitochondria per synapse may be related to treatment response. Synapse, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Speech perception and production
Authors: Casserly Elizabeth D. , Pisoni David B. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractUntil recently, research in speech perception and speech production has largely focused on the search for psychological and phonetic evidence of discrete, abstract, context‐free symbolic units corresponding to phonological segments or phonemes. Despite this common conceptual goal and intimately related objects of study, however, research in these two domains of speech communication has progressed more or less independently for more than 60 years. In this article, we present an overview of the foundational works and current trends in the two fields, specifically discussing the progress made in both lines of inquiry as well as the basic fundamental issues that neither has been able to resolve satisfactorily so far. We then discuss theoretical models and recent experimental evidence that point to the deep, pervasive connections between speech perception and production. We conclude that although research focusing on each domain individually has been vital in increasing our basic understanding of spoken language processing, the human capacity for speech communication is so complex that gaining a full understanding will not be possible until speech perception and production are conceptually reunited in a joint approach to problems shared by both modes. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.This article is categorized under:

Linguistics > Language in Mind and Brain
Psychology > Language
Studies on the Effect of Amino Acids/Peptide on Micellization of SDS at Different Temperatures
Authors: Ali Anwar , Ansari Nizamul Haque 
Published: July 2010

AbstractConductivities of (0.001–0.012) m sodium dodecyl sulfate have been determined in water and in the presence of 0.10 m aqueous glycine/alanine/glycylglycine at 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15 K. From the specific conductivity data, the critical micellar concentration, degree of counter ion association, degree of counterion dissociation, free energy of transfer of hydrophobic chain from the medium to interior of the micelle, and surface contribution, standard free energy of micellization, standard enthalpy of micellization, and standard entropy of micellization of sodium dodecyl sulfate have been computed. The thermodynamic parameters of micellization and the effect of additives on these parameters have been used to study the interactions present in the micellar systems.
In X. laevis embryos high levels of the anti-apoptotic factor p27BBP/eIF6 are stage-dependently found in BrdU and TUNEL-reactive territories
Authors: De Marco N. , Campanella C. , Carotenuto R. 
Published: July 2010

Summaryp27BBP/eIF6 (β4 binding protein/eukaryotic initiation factor 6) is a highly conserved protein necessary for cell life. In adult eIF6 mice, a 50% decrease in the protein levels in all tissues is accompanied by a reduction in cell proliferation only in the liver, fat cells and cultured fibroblasts. During X. laevis embryogenesis expression of p27BBP/eIF6 is abundant in high proliferative territories. However, in Xenopus cell proliferation appears unaffected following p27BBP/eIF6 over-expression or down-regulation. Indeed, p27BBP/eIF6 is an anti-apoptotic factor acting upstream of Bcl2 that reduces endogenous apoptosis. We studied p27BBP/eIF6 protein localization in wild type embryos and compared it to proliferation and apoptosis. At the beginning of embryogenesis, high levels of p27BBP/eIF6, proliferation and apoptosis overlap. In later development stages high proliferation levels are present in the same regions where higher p27BBP/eIF6 expression is observed, while apoptosis does not appear specifically concentrated in the same sites. The higher presence of p27BBP/eIF6 would appear related to an increased need of apoptosis control in the regions where cell death is essential for normal development.
A chronic myeloproliferative disorder associated with monosomy 7 in the bone marrow cells; normal karyotype in acute transformation
Authors: Linch D. C. , Walker H. , Roberts P. , McKinnon J. , Goldstone A. H. , Huehns E. R. 
Published: July 2010

Summary.A chronic myeloproliferative disorder associated with monosomy 7 of the bone marrow cells is described in a male infant. After nearly 4 years, during which time no drug therapy was given, the disease transformed to a ‘blast crisis’ and at this stage the karyotypes of the marrow and unstimulated blood cells were shown to be normal. It is proposed that the development of the myeloproliferative disorder associated with monosomy 7 is a multistage process and the acquisition of the chromosomal abnormality is a secondary event.
The Evans syndrome: characterization of the responsible autoantibodies
Authors: Pegels J. G. , Helmerhorst F. M. , VanLeeuwen E. F. , van de Plas‐van Dalen C. , Engelfriet C. P. , Kr. vondemBorne A. E. G. 
Published: July 2010

Summary.The immunofluorescence test on paraformaldehyde‐fixed cells was used for the detection of antibodies bound to the platelets and granulocytes and present in the sera of 24 patients with Evans syndrome and a further 29 patients with both idiopathic thrombocytopenia (ITP) and idiopathic neutropenia (INP), but without autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA). The direct immunofluorescence test on platelets and/or on granulocytes was positive in all patients with a cytopenia, but the sera of only 17 patients with the Evans syndrome and 15 of the other patients contained platelet‐ or granulocyte‐specific autoantibodies.From absorption and elution experiments, it appeared that the autoantibodies were directed against antigens specific for the various peripheral blood cells, i.e. erythrocytes, platelets and granulocytes and that they were not cross‐reacting.
Testosterone, erythropoietin and anaemia in patients with disseminated bronchial cancer
Authors: Schreuder W. O. , Ting W. C. , Smith S. , Jacobs A. 
Published: July 2010

Summary. In 21 newly diagnosed male patients with disseminated bronchial cancer, anaemia was associated with a reduced serum concentration of testosterone. Erythropoietin levels were increased in anaemic patients.The results suggest a normal erythropoietin response to anaemia in this condition. The reduced testosterone concentration is associated with normal levels of luteinizing hormone and its significance in the pathogenesis of the anaemia is uncertain.
Hereditary monocyte esterase deficiency
Authors: Markey Geraldine M. , Alexander H. D. , Mcconnell Robyn , Kyle Anne , Morris T. C. M. , Robertson J. H. 
Published: July 2010

Summary. An inherited cytochemical staining abnormality of monocytes is described, affecting members of three generations of one family. a‐Naphthyl acetate and a‐naphthyl butyrate esterase staining reactions have been consistently negative in 9 5% of the monocytes of the propositus and her son and in 60‐70% of the monocytes in two of four grandchildren.Observation of persistently esterase‐negative monocytes in a patient with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma led to us to investigate her family and we here report the findings.
Whole blood viscosity in polycythaemia: the effect of iron deficiency at a range of haemoglobin and packed cell volumes
Authors: Van de Pette J. E. W. , Guthrie D. L. , Pearson T. C 
Published: July 2010

Summary. The effect of iron deficient red cells changes (MCH range 20‐0‐32‐6 pg) on whole blood viscosity (WBV) at high and low shear rates (94‐5 and 0‐51 s_1), has been assessed at a wide range of standardized PCV (0‐30‐0‐65) and standardized Hb values (10‐0‐22‐0 g/dl). Particular attention was given to the precision of PCV measurement. At all PCV values there was no correlation between MCH and WBV, whereas at all Hb values there was a significant negative correlation between MCH and WBV.If the treatment of polycythaemia is by venesection, iron deficient red cell changes occur frequently. These changes are unimportant if control of the WBV is the objective of treatment, as long as the PCV is accurately measured. Alternatively, in the secondary polycythaemias, where oxygen saturation is reduced, the induction of iron deficient red cell changes could be regarded as disadvantageous since at a standard PCV of 0‐50 the Hb and hence oxygen carrying capacity is reduced by approximately 11% between MCH values of 30 and 20 pg.
Spectrum and frequency of autoimmune derangements in lymphoproliferative disorders: analysis of 637 cases and comparison with myeloproliferative diseases*
Authors: Dührsen Ulrich , Augener Wiprecht , Zwingers Thomas , Brittinger Günter 
Published: July 2010

SummaryThe records of 637 patients with lymphoproliferative disorders and 346 patients with myeloproliferative disorders were retrospectively analysed for the presence of additional autoimmune derangements. The frequency of autoimmune perturbations in lymphoproliferative diseases (51 cases; 8.0%) was significantly higher than in myeloproliferative diseases (six cases; 1–7%: P<0.0001). Rheumatic disorders, autoallergic haematological manifestations and other organ‐specific autoimmune derangements were responsible for about one third each of the observed disturbances.Autoimmune diseases which preceded the onset of malignancy, occurred in lymphoproliferative and myeloproliferative disorders with a comparable frequency without significant differences between individual subgroups of lymphoproliferative diseases. In contrast, autoimmune complications developing in the course of the neoplastic disease were significantly more frequent in lymphoproliferative (4.9%) than in myeloproliferative disorders (0.3%; P<0.0005). Here marked differences were observed between individual lymphoma entities, the rate of concomitant autoimmune derangements ranging from zero to over 15%. With the exception of centroblastic‐centrocytic lymphoma which in no case was associated with secondary autoimmune complications, the proportion of patients with autoimmune perturbations increased with improving prognosis of the lymphoproliferative diseases. Possible pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the manifestation of autoimmune complications in malignant lymphomas are discussed.
Does histologic grading of inflammation in bone marrow predict the response of aplastic anaemia patients to antithymocyte globulin therapy?
Authors: Sale George E. , Rajantie Jukka , Doney Kristine , Appelbaum Frederick R. , Store Rainer , Thomas E. Donnall 
Published: July 2010

SummaryWe tested the hypothesis of teVelde and Haak that the degree of bone marrow inflammation in aplastic anaemia might correlate with an immunological process responsive to immunosuppressive therapy. 120 patients with aplastic anaemia but no suitable marrow donor were treated with horse antithymocyte globulin (ATG) and 53 who had matched sibling donors with bone marrow transplants. Pretreatment bone marrow histology in methacrylate and paraffin specimens was graded by degree of inflammatory infiltrate in a four‐tiered system. High grade (II‐III) was compared to low (0–1) as a correlate of response to ATG. Complete and partial response to ATG was seen in 50% of patients with high grade marrow and 31% of patients with low grade marrow (P= 0.099). Only one of four patients with grade III inflammation responded significantly to ATG treatment. Median survival following ATG therapy was similar in both groups as well. There was a significantly lower median age in the patients with low grade (24.5 years) versus high grade (37.5 years) inflammation (P= 0.016). Grade also had no prognostic value in the marrow transplant group.
Type IIB von Willebrand's disease with probable autosomal recessive inheritance and presenting as thrombocytopenia in infancy
Authors: Donnear Mikael , Holmberg Lars , Nilsson Inga Marie 
Published: July 2010

Summaryvon Willebrand's disease (vWD) is a congenital bleeding disorder that exists in two main forms. In the classic form, type I, the concentration of the von Willebrand factor (vWF) in plasma is decreased. In type II vWD, the vWF is structurally altered. Type II can be further divided into at least six subtypes (A, B, C, D, E and F). In type IIB the vWF, in contrast to other variants of vWD, shows an increased affinity for platelets. IIB vWD is generally believed to be inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. We describe two families with three affected children in whom an autosomal recessive inheritance is more likely. Thrombocytopenia, constant or variable, was present from early infancy in all three cases. Type IIB vWD should thus be included in the differential diagnosis of congenital thrombocytopenia.