bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fashion
Authors: Campbell Timothy P. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter outlines the pervasive entanglements of Romantic writing with the ‘language of fashion’ to examine fashion’s systemic importance for the prose of the age. During the Romantic period, written fashion served by turns as a model regime of close, material description; a structuring chronology of everyday social life; a template for serial genres and projects; and an intractable site of primary aesthetic qualities not easily bound to particular ideas, persons, times, and places. After beginning with William Hazlitt’s bird’s eye view of the promiscuous intersections between fashion and writing in the period, the chapter continues by outlining significant eighteenth-century developments in the material culture of clothing that supported fashion’s ascent in prose; sketching the Romantic state of ‘written fashion’ across a range of print genres (initially extraliterary but increasingly literary as well); and then concluding with an extended reading of James Hogg’s Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner as a wryly magisterial commentary on the irresistible compulsions of fashion for prose, in the 1820s and ever since.
Antiquarian Publishing
Authors: Lynch Deidre 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The peculiarities of antiquarians’ knowledge work had long made them the butt of jokes. That humour about antiquaries’ inability to systematize their learning, tendency to get waylaid by petty details, and attachment to mouldy old things continued in the Romantic period. Nonetheless, antiquarianism was in this period ever more public facing and reader friendly. It proved influential as an inspiration for such minor prose forms as the familiar essay and the anecdote. This chapter, which considers writing by William Hazlitt, Charles Lamb, Washington Irving, and Isaac D’Israeli, aims to do justice to the dynamism of antiquarian publishing. It traces how antiquaries’ curious and contrarian learning modelled a pluralistic understanding of the historical past and how it supplied Romantic authors with resources with which to express their own alienation from the present. The chapter also engages the concern with learning’s material platform that made Romantic antiquaries the forerunners of twenty-first century book historians.
Opium
Authors: Kitson Peter J. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter reappraises the close association between opium use and the writers and artists of the Romantic period. Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Thomas De Quincey famously consumed the drug in its various forms and wrote about it as did other nineteenth-century figures. Coleridge’s ‘Kubla Khan’, ‘Christabel’, and ‘The Pains of Sleep’ (1816), and De Quincey’s ‘Confessions of an English Opium-Eater’ (1821) established the association between opium use, Romantic creativity, and the vexed question of addiction. This chapter describes the wider cultural impact of the growing use of opium, usually in the form of laudanum, both as a medicine and as a recreational and artistic stimulant, as well as setting its domestic British use in the global context of the triangular opium and tea trades between Britain, India, and China, leading up to the First Opium War of 1839–1842.
Religious Controversy
Authors: Duggett Tom 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses the intersection of history, politics, and religion in three landmarks of Romantic prose, all published at full length in the year of Catholic Emancipation, 1829: William Cobbett’s History of the Protestant ‘Reformation’; Robert Southey’s Sir Thomas More: or, Colloquies on Society; and Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s On the Constitution of the Church and State. In keeping with the larger Catholic Emancipation debate itself, all three texts move between issues of ‘doctrine’ and ‘institution’, and the articulation of incommensurable Catholic and Protestant historiographies. While at a low level of resolution these texts seem to support a ‘secularization’ narrative of religion fading out, with the radical Cobbett and the increasingly conservative Lake Poets converging upon a kind of nostalgic medievalism, I discover more significant divisions over theology, ideas of progress, and the value of institutions, as well as over the nature and value of history itself.
Sexualities
Authors: Najarian James 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
During the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, gender characteristics and roles were in flux. Literary Romanticism’s valorization of the ‘feelings’ created spaces for authors and individuals to re-imagine sexual stances, including same-sex sexuality, as well as androgynous states like ‘effeminacy’ or ‘mannishness’. The emphasis on the ‘feelings’, rather than on custom and legal codes, enabled authors as diverse as the legal scholar Jeremy Bentham, the poets Lord Byron, P. B. Shelley, and John Keats, the minor celebrities Lady Eleanor Butler and Sarah Ponsonby, and the diarist Anne Lister to imagine and confront these stances in sometimes astonishing ways: Shelley frankly wrote on male same-sex sexuality and Bentham encouraged legalizing it. In her diary, Lister determines to live her life as what we would now call a lesbian partnership, though she did not have the word. It is clear from a reading of the diary that she was influenced by her reading in Romanticism, particularly Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
War
Authors: Gurton-Wachter Lily 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter argues that nonfiction prose texts about war from the Romantic period—pamphlets, memoirs, newspapers, philosophical texts, and travelogues—sought to describe, negotiate, and prescribe a collective wartime responsibility, shame, and guilt by repeatedly translating war from an abstract term that obscured its own violence to a graphic description of, and confrontation with, war’s brutal and irrational violence. From military memoirs to travel writing about war’s aftermath, from satires mocking and critiquing war propaganda to sincere and serious political–philosophical enquiries, Romantic nonfiction prose tried to sensitize readers to war’s effects, emphasize war’s strangeness, and grapple with an increasing self-consciousness and anxiety about a growing and contagious sense of complicity and guilt, as writers asked who was responsible for the extensive violence happening in the name of the nation.
Social Learning and Culture in Mammals
Authors: Arbon Josh J. , Thornton Alex 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Social learning is known to be widespread in the animal kingdom but research on mammals often focuses on primates and cetaceans. The greater experimental tractability of many other mammalian species, combined with their enormous diversity in morphology, foraging niches, and social systems, can offer unique insights. To date, work has focused primarily on social information use but there is growing evidence that this can lead to social learning and the emergence of culture. Here the authors outline the current state of research on social learning in mammals, focusing on anti-predator responses, foraging, space use, and vocal communication, highlighting key gaps in our collective knowledge and suggesting directions for future research. The authors consider the implications of the wide variety of sensory systems employed by mammals and highlight the diversity of social learning processes employed, including unique evidence for active teaching. The authors then discuss avenues from social learning to culture, highlighting how social learning can shape cultural diversity and evaluate opportunities for gene–culture coevolution.
Fertility Transitions
Authors: Lu Yi-Ta , Colleran Heidi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Demographic transitions in contemporary human societies have profound impacts on our social and economic lives. Across the population sciences, there are abundant empirical observations, but few causal explanations, of fertility transition. The seeming contradiction between observed fertility patterns and fitness-maximization assumptions pose a significant challenge for evolutionary theorists. This chapter explores evolutionary theories that can potentially help address this deep theoretical challenge. The authors argue that cultural evolutionary approaches can tackle aspects of fertility transitions that other approaches neglect. To bridge divides between evolutionary and non-evolutionary perspectives, the authors highlight intersections between cultural evolutionary theory and other social, economic, and political sciences.
Efficacy and safety of biologic drugs in Still's disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Kilic Berkay , Ozturk Admir , Karup Sejla , Hacioglu Ervanur , Ugurlu Serdal 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Still’s disease is a rare autoinflammatory disorder characterized by systemic inflammation, fever, rash and arthritis. The term ‘Still’s disease’ covers the paediatric subtype systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) and adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD), which affects adults. Biologic drugs, including the anti-IL-1 agents anakinra, canakinumab and rilonacept and the IL-6 antagonist tocilizumab, are used in the management of Still’s disease.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, and the study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023450442). MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL were screened from inception until 17 September 2023. We included patients with Still’s disease who received placebo or biologic drugs: anakinra, canakinumab, rilonacept or tocilizumab. The primary efficacy and safety outcomes were achievement of ACR50 response and occurrence of serious adverse events, respectively. The interventions were ranked using rankograms and SUCRA values.

Results
Nine trials with 430 patients were included. All biologic drugs were associated with greater odds of ACR50 response compared with placebo. There was no statistically significant association between biologic drugs and serious adverse events. The multivariate meta-analysis found no difference between biologic drugs. As per SUCRA rankings, anakinra was the most effective and safe option with respect to ACR50 response and occurrence of serious adverse events.

Conclusion
This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of biologic drugs in paediatric and adult patients with Still’s disease. Biologic drugs were effective in achieving ACR response and demonstrated a low adverse event profile in the management of Still’s disease.
TIME-SERIES CLUSTERING OF RAW RECORDINGS OF 24-HOUR AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE FOR RISK STRATIFICATION IN GENERAL POPULATION
Authors: Ntalianis Evangelos , Sabovcik Frantisek , Cauwenberghs Nicholas , Kuznetsova Tatiana 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
24-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurements (ABPM) is the best out-of-office BP measurement used to refine cardiovascular (CV) risk stratification. Currently, only summary ABPM indexes are used in the clinical practice while the temporal characteristics of the raw BP recordings have not been explored. Therefore, in this study we employed an unsupervised machine learning (ML) algorithm suitable for multivariate time-series analysis to identify distinct BP and heart rate (HR) profiles associated with the incidence of adverse CV events.

Design and method:
In 1391 community-dwelling individuals (mean age, 46.9 years; 50.97% women), we acquired 24-hour ABPM and clinical data and collected CV events (n=399) on average 22 years later. We employed multivariate dynamic time warping and k-medoids algorithm on the raw recordings of systolic and diastolic BP and HR. To assess the clinical significance of the derived clusters, we compared the clinical characteristics and the incidence of adverse events. We validated the trained model using 24-hour ABPM obtained from external population cohort (n=1137).

Results:
The silhouette score and Dunn index showed that the optimal number of clusters was 4. Across all clusters we observed significant difference in age and sex distribution. Cluster 4 had the worst CV risk factors profiling, with higher office BP and anti-hypertensive medication intake compared to the other clusters. We observed differences in the incidence of adverse events between clusters (Figure), with cluster 1 representing the lowest risk group and cluster 4 the highest. After adjusting for traditional CV risk factors, including office systolic BP, cluster 1 had the lowest risk (HR:0.92; 95%CI:0.84-0.99; P=0.036) and cluster 4 the highest (HR:1.13; 95%CI:1.03-1.24; P=0.006) as compared to the average population risk. The analysis of the external validation cohort revealed similar ABPM patterns and clinical characteristics.

Conclusions:
Employing an unsupervised ML model on the raw ABPM recordings we identified clinically meaningful clusters associated with an increasing cumulative incidence of CV events. This ML analysis paves the way towards utilization of temporal BP and HR information and subsequently optimization of CV risk stratification.
DIAGNOSTIC PERFORMANCE OF SINGLE-LEAD ELECTROCARDIOGRAMS FOR ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION DIAGNOSIS: A MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH
Authors: Marketou Maria , Angelaki Eleni , Barmparis Georgos , Maragkoudakis Spyros , Fragkiadakis Kostantinos , Plevritaki Anthi , Kampanieris Emmanouil , Kalomoirakis Petros , Kassotakis Spyros , Kochiadakis George , Tsironis Giorgos 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
Awareness and early identification of hypertension is among the most crucial components in reducing the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Artificial intelligence-based analysis of electrocardiograms (ECGs) can improve diagnosis and patients’ management. ECG technology is now ubiquitous in smartwatches and other wearables and can record a single-lead ECG which is equivalent to lead I on a standard 12-lead ECG. Our aim was to develop machine learning (ML) algorithms to diagnose hypertension from single-lead ECGs.

Design and method:
We enrolled 1254 subjects (539 male, aged 60.22±12.46 years), with and without essential hypertension, and no indications of CVD. A 12-lead ECG of 10 seconds duration in resting position was performed on each subject using a digital electrocardiograph. A Random Forest (RF) was then trained on features derived only from lead I tracings.

Results:
The RF model was able to distinguish hypertensive from normotensive subjects on a hold-out test set, with 81% accuracy, AUC/ROC 0.82, sensitivity 88%, and specificity 70% (both using a threshold of 0.5) using only features from lead I. Age, body mass index, the area under the T wave divided by the QRS complex area, the area under QRS segment adjusted for BMI, the QT corrected interval, and the PQ interval, were the most important anthropometric and ECG-derived features in terms of the success of our model (Figure 1).

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates the promising potential of detecting an undiagnosed hypertension opportunistically, using a single-lead ECG. Our findings offer the opportunity to evolve innovative technologies to improve hypertension awareness at the community level.
ASSOCIATION OF CLINIC AND AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE WITH MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT DIABETES
Authors: Lauder Lucas , Böhm Michael , De La Sierra Alejandro , Mahfoud Felix , Schwantke Igor , Haring Bernhard , Vinyoles Ernest , Gorostidi Manuel , Segura Julián , Williams Bryan , Staplin Natalie , Ruilope Luis M. 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
To explore whether different levels of ambulatory and office blood pressure (BP) and different hypertension phenotypes associate with differences of risk in diabetes and no-diabetes.

Design and method:
This analysis assessed outcome data from patients with complete data included in the Spanish Ambulatory BP (ABP) Monitoring Registry. The associations between office BP, mean, daytime and nighttime ABP and the risk in patients with diabetes and no-diabetes were explored. The effects of diabetes on mortality in different hypertension phenotypes compared with normotension were studied. Analyses were done with Cox regression analyses and adjusted for demographic and clinical confounders.

Results:
A total of 59,124 patients were recruited from 223 primary care centres in Spain. The majority had an office SBP >140 mmHg (36,700 patients), 23,128 (40.6%) patients were untreated. Diabetes was diagnosed in 10,935 patients (19.2%). Cardiovascular (CV) disease was present in 2,521 patients (23.1%) with and 4,616 (10.0%) without diabetes. Twenty-four-hour mean, daytime and nighttime ABP were associated with increased risk in diabetes and no-diabetes, whereas there was no clear association for office BP. While the relative association of BP with CV death risk was similar in diabetes compared to no-diabetes (mean interaction p=0.80, daytime interaction p=0.97 and nighttime interaction p=0.32), increased event rates occurred in diabetes for all ABP monitoring parameters for CV death and all-cause death. White-coat hypertension was not associated with risk for CV death (HR 0.86; 95% CI 0.72-1.03) and slightly reduced risk for all-cause death in no-diabetes (HR 0.89; 95% CI 0.81-0.98) but without significant interaction between diabetes and no-diabetes. Sustained hypertension and masked hypertension in diabetes and no-diabetes were associated with even higher risk. There were no significant interactions in hypertensive phenotypes between diabetes and no-diabetes (interaction p=0.26) and CV death risk, while, some interaction was present for all-cause death (interaction p=0.043) and non-CV death (interaction p=0.053).

Conclusions:
Diabetes increased the risk for all-cause death, CV, and non-CV death at every level of office and ABP. Masked and sustained hypertension confer the highest risk, while white-coat hypertension appears grossly neutral without interaction of relative risk between diabetes and no-diabetes.
SYNERGIA-MOROCCO: EFFECTIVENESS OF HYPERTENSION MANAGEMENT WITH AN AMLODIPINE AND PERINDOPRIL ARGININE-BASED STRATEGY IN MOROCCO: STUDY DESIGN AND PRELIMINARY DATA
Authors: Siham El Khayat Selma , Mba Camille Maadjhou , Mbanya Armand , Mbanya Jean -CLAUDE , Benouna El Ghali Mohamed 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
In Morocco, 1 in 3 adults currently live with hypertension; over 70%1 are not aware or not effectively treated. Among treated hypertensive patients, many receive monotherapy and remain uncontrolled. WHO recommends the addition of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin-receptor blocker or a diuretic in patients who are uncontrolled on a calcium-channel blocker and a monthly follow-up after initiation until patients reach targets. However, there is limited evidence from real-world observational studies in Morocco on the effectiveness of this approach on blood pressure control.
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an amlodipine and perindopril arginine-based strategy for 90 days in hypertensive patients previously uncontrolled on monotherapy of amlodipine.

Design and method:
This is a multicenter prospective observational study. Eighty (80) primary care physicians across Morocco will recruit about 1 600 uncontrolled hypertensive adult patients who start perindopril-arginine on top of previous amlodipine monotherapy. During the study, physicians will be free to adapt treatment per their judgement, including dose adaptations, the addition of a third drug or the use of a single pill combination (SPC) as a substitute for the free combination of amlodipine/perindopril at the same dose when patients become controlled.
The primary outcome will be the change in sitting office blood pressure between baseline and day 90. Secondary outcomes will include; the change in the blood pressure between baseline and the initiation of the SPC and between the initiation of the SPC and the end of the study, and the difference in the proportion of participants with side effects between the free combination and SPC.

Results:
The first patient was enrolled in the study on October 30, 2023. On January 10, 2024, 1 400 patients were recruited, and 760 had the 30-day follow-up visit.

Conclusions:
In Morocco, hypertension is a significant public health issue but current treatment optimisation strategies lack evidence from real-world data. The recruitments started as planned, and this will be the first real-world study from Morocco on the short-term effectiveness of treating hypertension with an amlodipine and perindopril arginine-based combination strategy on blood pressure control.
WHY HAPPENS A PROGRESSIVE DECREASE OF BLOOD PRESSURE AFTER RENAL DENERVATION
Authors: Bosch Agnes , Schmid Axel , Kannenkeril Dennis , Harazny Joanna , Ott Christian , Striepe Kristina , Guenes-altan Merve , Roth Hannah , Schiffer Mario , Uder Michael , Schmieder Roland 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
Long-term follow-up data from the SYMPLICITY 3 trial (Bhatt et al, Lancet, 2022) and the Global Symplicty Register data (Mahfoud et al, JACC, 2020) show a further decrease in BP over time up to 3 years post procedure. Yet these observations lack a mechanistic explanation. A decrease in vascular resistance could possibly explain the observed phenomenon. Scanning Laser Doppler Flowmetry (SLDF) allows the non-invasive assessment of vascular resistance and capillary density by using the retinal vasculature as a mirror of the systemic circulation.

Design and method:
Retinal parameters were assessed using SLDF together with office and 24-hour ambulatory BP before and 6 as well as 12 months after renal denervation in 63 patients with treatment resistant hypertension (TRH) (NCT01687725). SLDF allows the assessment of retinal capillary flow (RCF), pulsed retinal capillary flow (systolic retinal capillary flow – diastolic retinal capillary flow) (pRCF), retinal vascular resistance, capillary area (CapA) and intercapillary distance (ICD).

Results:
Mean age of the study cohort was 60±11 years, mean BMI 30.6±4.9 kg/m2. Patients took 5.8 antihypertensive medications on average.
There was a significant reduction of systolic and diastolic 24-hour ambulatory as well office BP 6 as well as 12 months after RDN (table 1). There was no significant reduction in the number of antihypertensive medications taken between baseline and 12 months after RDN (5.8vs.5.7 antihypertensive pills, p=0.159).
Retinal vascular resistance was reduced 6 months after RDN (table 1), pRCF was reduced 6 as well as 12 months after RDN and capillary density improved 12 months after RDN.

Conclusions:
In high-risk patients with TRH endovascular RDN improved vascular resistance and reversed capillary rarefaction in the retinal circulation, a prognostic marker of further end-organ damage. The reduction of pRCF indicates a decrease of shear stress on the vascular wall by the pulsed blood flow. Increment of capillary density was observed not already 6 months, but only 12 months after RDN. We conclude that, improvement of capillary rarefaction happens slowly after RDN and requires long-term effective BP control and, that reduction in vascular resistance might explain the prolonged BP reduction after RDN.