bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Posterior Cruciate Ligament Resection on Gap Balancing in Robot‐assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Zhu Kechao , Wang Jiaxing , Dai Huiyong , Xi Yan , Wang Qiaojie , Zhang Xianlong , Wang Qi 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveRetention or sacrifice of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is one of the most controversial issues while performing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of PCL resection on flexion–extension gaps, femoral component rotation, and bone resection amounts during robot‐assisted TKA.MethodsThis prospective study included 40 patients with knee osteoarthritis who underwent robot‐assisted posterior‐stabilized (PS) TKA between September 2021 and February 2022. Of the patients, 75% were women (30/40) with a mean age and BMI of 72.6 years and 27.4 kg/m2, respectively. The guidance module and camera stand assembly were used to capture gaps before and after PCL resection. Measurements of femoral component rotation and bone resection amounts were made in cruciate‐retaining (CR) TKA mode and PS‐TKA mode.ResultsAfter PCL resection, the mean change in the medial and lateral compartments of flexion gaps increased by 2.0 and 0.6 mm, respectively (p < 0.001). Compared with the CR‐TKA mode group, the bone resection amounts of the medial posterior condyle and the lateral posterior condyle in the PS‐TKA mode group decreased by 2.0 ± 1.1 and 1.1 ± 1.1 mm, respectively, and the external rotation of the femoral prosthesis relative to the posterior condylar axis and trans‐epicondylar line was reduced by 1.0° ± 1.3° and 1.2° ± 1.6°, respectively (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe release of the PCL did not affect the extension gap, but significantly increased the flexion gap. Moreover, the increases in the medial flexion gap were greater than those of the lateral flexion gap. After PCL resection, less external rotation of the femoral prosthesis and fewer bone cuts of the posterior femur were needed in PS‐TKA.
The role of beta‐carotene in cattle infertility, mastitis and milk yield: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Demeli Anıl , Meyer James C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe impact of beta‐carotene on cattle fertility has been investigated in various studies; however, consensus on this issue has not been reached. In the present study, we systematically reviewed and meta‐analysed 29 publications conducted between 1984 and 2022, focusing on seven fertility measures, clinical mastitis and milk yield in cows. We did not find statistically significant results in 8 out of 11 parameters (p > .05). Statistically significant results were observed for milk yield (MD: 216.25 kg in 305 days, p = .01, CI: 50.73–381.77), pregnancy at first service (OR: 1.38 CI: 1.08–1.76, p = .01) and clinical mastitis (OR: 0.59, CI: 0.44–0.80, p = .006) in favour of beta‐carotene supplementation. The meta‐regression revealed significant effects of ‘plasma beta‐carotene levels’ on ‘service to per pregnancy’ and dose on ‘milk yield’ (p = .04 and p = 0). In binary outcomes, ‘dose × day’ and ‘plasma beta‐carotene concentration in the control group’ positively influenced pregnancy at first service (p = .02 and .03). In conclusion, given the positive point direction observed for some variables and insignificant results for others, there is a need for more studies. We note the very high heterogeneity of outcomes and suggest caution in interpreting results.
Treatable traits in pre‐COPD: Time to extend the treatable traits paradigm beyond established disease
Authors: Dharmage Shyamali C. , Faner Rosa , Agustí Alvar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo date, the treatable traits (TTs) approach has been applied in the context of managing diagnosed diseases. TTs are clinical characteristics and risk factors that can be identified clinically and/or biologically, and that merit treatment if present. There has been an exponential increase in the uptake of this approach by both researchers and clinicians. Realizing the potential of the TTs approach to pre‐clinical disease, this expert review proposes that it is timely to consider acting on TTs present before a clinical diagnosis is made, which might help to prevent development of the full disease. Such an approach is ideal for diseases where there is a long pre‐clinical phase, such as in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The term ‘pre‐COPD’ has been recently proposed to identify patients with respiratory symptoms and/or structural or functional abnormalities without airflow limitation. They may eventually develop airflow limitation with time but patients with pre‐COPD are likely to have traits that are already treatable. This review first outlines the contribution of recently generated knowledge into lifetime lung function trajectories and the conceptual framework of ‘GETomics’ to the field of pre‐COPD. GETomics is a dynamic and cumulative model of interactions between genes and the environment throughout the lifetime that integrates information from multi‐omics to understand aetiology and mechanisms of diseases. This review then discusses the current evidence on potential TTs in pre‐COPD patients and makes recommendations for practice and future research. At a broader level, this review proposes that introducing the TTs in pre‐COPD may help reenergize the preventive approaches to health and diseases.image
Is socially responsible capitalism truly polarizing?
Authors: Stone Daniel F. , Lees Jeffrey 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe assess the hypothesis that socially responsible capitalism (SRC) is fundamentally partisan and primarily supported by people on the left, or whether this perception is another example of “false polarization”—overestimation of disagreement between the left and right.MethodsWe conduct two studies: (1) a survey of Americans' opinions on a general definition of SRC and five examples of recent prominent firm actions corresponding to distinct areas of SRC (n = 1000, representative sample) and (2) an incentivized survey on second‐order beliefs about results from the first survey (n = 605, quota‐matched convenience sample). We conduct statistical tests of the accuracy of second‐order beliefs about polarization between Democrats and Republicans in support for SRC and correlates of this accuracy.ResultsLarge majorities of Democrats and Republicans support examples of corporate behavior from three of the five areas of SRC, but opinions are somewhat divided across the parties on support for SRC as a concept, and highly divided for the SRC examples on diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) and climate change. Both Democrats and Republicans generally underestimate SRC support from partisans on both sides except for DEI, which both parties overestimate support for. SRC support is especially underestimated by people opposed to SRC and people with no opinion on SRC. Democrats overestimate polarization in support for SRC. Overestimation of polarization in SRC support is correlated with affective polarization.ConclusionBipartisan support for SRC is underappreciated, but some aspects of SRC are polarizing or even more polarizing than commonly perceived. Republican opposition to SRC may be partially due to underestimation of copartisan support for SRC. A focus in the news and popular discourse on the more polarizing aspects of SRC may contribute to a general perception that support for SRC is more polarized than it truly is.
Evolutionary genomics of two diploid goat grass species belonging to the section Sitopsis of Aegilops, Aegilops longissima, and Aegilops sharonensis
Authors: Xun Hongwei , Lv Ruili , Yu Yue , Yao Jinyang , Wang Ruisi , Sha Yan , Wang Han , Zhang Deshi , Xu Chunming , Wang Tianya , Zhang Zhibin , Liu Bao , Gong Lei 
Published: June 2024

SUMMARYAegilops longissima and Ae. sharonensis, being classified into the Sitopsis section of genus Aegilops, are distinct species both taxonomically and ecologically. Nevertheless, earlier observations indicate that the two species are not reproductively isolated to full extent and can inter‐bred upon secondary contact. However, the genomic underpinnings of the morpho‐ecological differentiation between the two foci species remained unexplored. Here, we resequenced 31 representative accessions of the two species and conducted in‐depth comparative genomic analyses. We demonstrate recurrent and ongoing natural hybridizations between Ae. longissima and Ae. sharonensis, and depict features of genome composition of the resultant hybrids at both individual and population levels. We also delineate genomic regions and candidate genes potentially underpinning the differential morphological and edaphic adaptations of the two species. Intriguingly, a binary morphology was observed in the hybrids, suggesting existence of highly diverged genomic regions that remain uneroded by the admixtures. Together, our results provide new insights into the molding effects of interspecific hybridization on genome composition and mechanisms preventing merge of the two species.
A Novel Behavioral Intervention to Enhance Physical Activity for Older Veterans in a Skilled Nursing Facility
Authors: Stutzbach Julie A. , Hare Kristine S. , Gustavson Allison M. , Derlein Danielle L. , Kellogg Andrea L. , Stevens-Lapsley Jennifer E. 
Published: June 2024

Physical activity levels during skilled nursing facility (SNF) rehabilitation fall far below what is needed for successful community living and to prevent adverse events. This feasibility study’s purpose was to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of an intervention designed to improve physical activity in patients admitted to SNFs for short-term rehabilitation. High-Intensity Rehabilitation plus Mobility combined a high-intensity (i.e., high weight, low repetition), progressive (increasing in difficulty over time), and functional resistance rehabilitation intervention with a behavioral economics-based physical activity program. The behavioral economics component included five mobility sessions/week with structured goal setting, gamification, and loss aversion (the idea that people are more likely to change a behavior in response to a potential loss over a potential gain). SNF physical therapists, occupational therapists, and a mobility coach implemented the High-Intensity Rehabilitation plus Mobility protocol with older Veterans (n = 18) from a single SNF. Participants demonstrated high adherence to the mobility protocol and were highly satisfied with their rehabilitation. Treatment fidelity scores for clinicians were ≥95%. We did not observe a hypothesized 40% improvement in step counts or time spent upright. However, High-Intensity Rehabilitation plus Mobility participants made clinically important improvements in short physical performance battery scores and gait speed from admission to discharge that were qualitatively similar to or slightly higher than historical cohorts from the same SNF that had received usual care or high-intensity rehabilitation alone. These results suggest a structured physical activity program can be feasibly combined with high-intensity rehabilitation for SNF residents following a hospital stay.
Behavioral assessment of soft skill development in a highly structured pre-health biology course for undergraduates
Authors: Tran Joanne , Meller Leo , Le Vy , Tam Jasmine , Nicholas Andrea 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

In this study, we assessed a highly structured, yearlong, case-based course designed for undergraduate pre-health students. We incorporated both content learning assessments and developed a novel method called Multiple Mini Exams for assessing course impact on the development of skills that professional schools often seek in pre-health students, focusing on students’ abilities to collaborate with others, display bedside manners, synthesize patient case details, appropriately use scientific and medical language, and effectively attain patients’ medical histories. This novel method utilized a rubric based on desired medical student skills to score videotaped behaviors and interactions of students role playing as doctors in a hypothetical patient case study scenario. Overall, our findings demonstrate that a highly structured course, incorporating weekly student performance and presentation of patient cases encompassing history taking, diagnosis, and treatment, can result in content learning, as well as improve desired skills specific for success in medical fields.
Genome sequence of bacteriophage Janeemi isolated on
Arthrobacter globiformis
from soil collected in New York
Authors: Patel Yamini , Patel Vrushali P. , Syeda Amna , Saji Hannah , Gibb Bryan P. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Janeemi is a bacteriophage that infects
Arthrobacter globiformis
B-2880, which was isolated from soil collected in New York City. The genome has a length of 43,877 bp and contains 69 predicted genes. Based on gene content similarity to phages in the actinobacteriophage database, Janeemi is assigned to phage cluster AZ1.
Draft genome of the marine bacterium
Alteromonas gracilis
strain J4 isolated from the green coenocytic alga
Caulerpa prolifera
Authors: van Duijnhoven Hannah J. , Dombrowski Nina , Kuperus Peter , Aires Tânia , Coelho Márcio A.G. , Silva João , Muyzer Gerard , Engelen Aschwin H. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Here, we present the draft genome sequence of
Alteromonas gracilis
strain J4, isolated from the green macroalga
Caulerpa prolifera
. The draft genome is 4,492,914 bp in size and contains 4,719 coding DNA sequences, 67 tRNAs, and 16 rRNA-coding genes. Strain J4 may exhibit host growth-promoting properties.
Complete genome of
Pseudomonas putida
strain WBB028 isolated from leaf litter
Authors: Pelletier D. A. , Alexander W. , Burdick L. H. , Rush T. A. , Tannous J. , Webb A. B. , Morrell-Falvey J. L. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

We report the complete genome of
Pseudomonas putida
strain WBB028, which exhibits broad-spectrum antifungal activity. This strain was isolated from leaf litter collected at Walker Branch Watershed located on the Oak Ridge Reservation in eastern Tennessee (35.9614 N 84.2864 W). The genome is 6.3 Mbp with a 62.5% GC content.
Complete genome sequence of strain
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum
beLP1 a potential probiotic strain with antimicrobial properties isolated from kimchi
Authors: Han Kwon Il , Shin Hyun-Dong , Lee Yura , Baek Sunhwa , Moon Eunjung , Park Youn Bum , Cho Junhui , Lee Jin-Ho , Manoharan Ranjith Kumar 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

The complete genome of the potential probiotic
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum
strain beLP1, isolated from kimchi in South Korea, was sequenced using Illumina and PacBio technologies. The genome comprises one circular chromosome and one plasmid without antimicrobial resistance genes.
Metagenome-assembled genome sequences of two bacterial species from polyvinyl alcohol-degrading co-colonies
Authors: Nakamura Kohei , Asano Sota , Nambu Masashi , Ishiguro Nanami , Tanikawa Atsushi , Naganuma Nobuaki 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

We present the metagenome-assembled genome sequences of two polyvinyl alcohol-degrading co-colony-derived bacterial species relative to
Rhodanobacter
sp. DHB23 and
Priestia megaterium
ATCC 14581. We estimated the genomes of these species to be 3,476,996- and 5,169,587-bp long (for
Rhodanobacter
sp. DHB23 and
Priestia megaterium
ATCC 14581, respectively).
Novel probiotic preparation with
in vivo
gluten-degrading activity and potential modulatory effects on the gut microbiota
Authors: Nikoloudaki Olga , Celano Giuseppe , Polo Andrea , Cappello Claudia , Granehäll Lena , Costantini Alice , Vacca Mirco , Speckmann Bodo , Di Cagno Raffaella , Francavilla Ruggiero , De Angelis Maria , Gobbetti Marco 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Gluten possesses unique properties that render it only partially digestible. Consequently, it exerts detrimental effects on a part of the worldwide population who are afflicted with celiac disease (1%) or related disorders (5%), particularly due to the potential for cross-contamination even when adhering to a gluten-free diet (GFD). Finding solutions to break down gluten during digestion has a high nutritional and social impact. Here, a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled
in vivo
challenge investigated the gluten-degrading activity of a novel probiotic preparation comprising lactobacilli and their cytoplasmic extracts,
Bacillus
sp., and bacterial protease. In our clinical trial, we collected feces from 70 healthy volunteers at specific time intervals. Probiotic/placebo administration lasted 32 days, followed by 10 days of wash-out. After preliminary GFD to eliminate residual gluten from feces, increasing amounts of gluten (50 mg–10 g) were administered, each one for 4 consecutive days. Compared to placebo, the feces of volunteers fed with probiotics showed much lower amounts of residual gluten, mainly with increased intakes. Probiotics also regulate the intestinal microbial communities, improving the abundance of genera pivotal to maintaining homeostasis. Quantitative PCR confirmed that all probiotics persisted during the intervention, some also during wash-out. Probiotics promoted a fecal metabolome with potential immunomodulating activity, mainly related to derivatives of branched-chain amino acids and short-chain fatty acids.

IMPORTANCE
The untapped potential of gluten-degrading bacteria and their application in addressing the recognized limitations of gluten-related disorder management and the ongoing risk of cross-contamination even when people follow a gluten-free diet (GFD) emphasizes the significance of the work. Because gluten, a common protein found in many cereals, must be strictly avoided to stop autoimmune reactions and related health problems, celiac disease and gluten sensitivity present difficult hurdles. However, because of the hidden presence of gluten in many food products and the constant danger of cross-contamination during food preparation and processing, total avoidance is frequently challenging. Our study presents a novel probiotic preparation suitable for people suffering from gluten-related disorders during GFD and for healthy individuals because it enhances gluten digestion and promotes gut microbiota functionality.
SABA prescriptions and asthma management practices in Singapore: results from a cross-sectional, observational SABINA III study
Authors: Tan David Hsien Yung , Tan Tze Lee , Tan Wee Hian , Choong Cheryl , Beekman Maarten J H I , Khor Joanne Huiyi , Kumar S Suraj , Wong Geraldine Ruining , Lim Hui Fang 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesTo evaluate asthma characteristics and treatment patterns, including short-acting β2-agonist (SABA) prescriptions, in primary and specialist care in the Singapore cohort of the SABA use IN Asthma (SABINA III) study.DesignCross-sectional, observational study.SettingMulticentre study conducted at five sites across Singapore.MethodsIn patients with asthma (aged ≥12 years), data on demographics, disease characteristics and asthma treatment prescriptions were collected using electronic case report forms. Patients were classified by investigator-defined asthma severity (guided by 2017 Global Initiative for Asthma recommendations) and practice type (primary/specialist care).ResultsOf the 205 patients analysed (mean (SD) age, 53.6 (16.8) years; female, 62%), 55.9% were enrolled by specialists and 44.1% by primary care physicians. Most study patients (80.5%) had moderate-to-severe asthma (86.0% in specialist care and 74.4% in primary care). In the 12 months before study enrolment, 18.0% of patients experienced ≥1 severe exacerbation. Asthma was well or partly controlled in 78.0% of patients. Overall, 17.1% of all patients were overprescribed SABA (≥3 SABA canisters/year) in the preceding 12 months, and overprescription was greater in specialist versus primary care (26.3% vs 5.6%). Only 2.9% of patients were prescribed SABA monotherapy, while 41.0% received SABA in addition to maintenance therapy. Among the latter, 40.5% were overprescribed SABA. Overall, a higher percentage of patients prescribed ≥3 SABA canisters (vs 0–2 SABA canisters) were assessed as having uncontrolled asthma during the study visit (42.9% vs 17.6%). Maintenance therapy in the form of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) or ICS/long-acting β2agonist fixed-dose combinations were prescribed to 14.1% and 84.9% of patients, respectively, in the 12 months before enrolment.ConclusionsIn this Singapore cohort, ~17% of all patients and more than 40% of patients prescribed SABA in addition to maintenance therapy were overprescribed SABA. These findings emphasise the need to align clinical practices with the latest evidence-based treatment recommendations.Trial registrationNCT03857178.
Interview study exploring how global health partnership principles are enacted and recommendations for practice
Authors: Turner Rebecca Rose , Hart Jo , Carr Natalie , Bull Eleanor , Fraser Jessica , Byrne-Davis Lucie 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundEffective global health partnerships can strengthen and improve health and healthcare systems across the world; however, establishing and maintaining effective partnerships can be challenging. Principles of Partnerships have been developed to improve the quality and effectiveness of health partnerships. It is unclear how principles are enacted in practice, and current research has not always included the voices of low-income and middle-income country partners. This study aimed to explore how The Tropical Health and Education Trust’s nine Principles of Partnership are enacted in practice, from the points of view of partners from low-income, middle-income and high-income countries, to help improve partnerships’ quality and sustainability.MethodsPeople who had been a part of previous and/or ongoing health partnerships were interviewed virtually. Participants were purposefully sampled and interviews were conducted using an appreciative inquiry approach. Audio recordings were transcribed and deductive framework analysis was conducted.Results13 participants from 8 partnerships were interviewed. Six participants were based in the low-income or middle-income countries and seven in the UK. Key findings identified strategies that enacted ‘successful’ and ‘effective’ partnerships within the Principles of Partnerships. These included practical techniques such as hiring a project manager, managing expectations and openly sharing information about the team’s expertise and aspirations. Other strategies included the importance of consulting behavioural science to ensure the partnerships consider longevity and sustainability of the partnership.DiscussionCore principles to effective partnerships do not work in isolation of each other; they are intertwined and are complimentary to support equitable partnerships. Good communication and relationships built on trust which allow all partners to contribute equally throughout the project are core foundations for sustainable partnerships. Recommendations for established and future partnerships include embedding behavioural scientists/psychologists to support change to improve the quality and sustainability of health partnerships.