bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Family Stress Processes Underlying COVID‐19–Related Economic Insecurity for Mothers and Fathers and Children's Internalizing Behaviour Problems
Authors: Lee Joyce Y. , Lee Shawna J. , Oh Sehun , Xu Amy , Radney Angelise , Rodriguez Christina M. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTCOVID‐19 and its economic fallout have resulted in unprecedented financial insecurity and material hardship for many American families, with a disproportionately negative impact on children and families from socioeconomically disadvantaged contexts. The current study applied the family stress model to examine the family processes underlying pandemic‐related economic insecurity and children's internalizing behaviours. Online survey data from an economically diverse sample of mothers and fathers, who experienced at least one type of pandemic‐related economic insecurity in the United States (N = 259), were collected across two longitudinal time points in the early weeks of COVID‐19: (1) 14 April and (2) 30 April of 2020. Parental depressive symptoms, negative partner relationship quality and harsh parenting were tested as mediators. Results from the path model showed that pandemic‐related economic insecurity was associated with higher levels of parental depressive symptoms, which were then associated with higher levels of negative partner relationship quality. Negative partner relationship quality was subsequently associated with more harsh parenting, which was then associated with increased child internalizing behaviours. Indirect effects were found for all hypothesized mediators. The family stress model can be applied and extended to the early COVID‐19 period. Child and family social work implications include targeting parents' mental health, relationship quality and parenting behaviours, as well as directly addressing financial and material hardship, to mitigate the adverse effects of pandemic‐related economic insecurity on children's mental health.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation modulates depression‐like phenotype induced by high‐fat diet via P2X7R/NLRP3/IL‐1β in the prefrontal cortex
Authors: Li Shaoyuan , Zhang Yuzhengheng , Wang Yu , Zhang Zixuan , Xin Chen , Wang Yifei , Rong Peijing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundDepression is a common psychiatric disorder in diabetic patients. Depressive mood associated with obesity/metabolic disorders is related to the inflammatory response caused by long‐term consumption of high‐fat diets, but its molecular mechanism is unclear. In this study, we investigated whether the antidepressant effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) in high‐fat diet rats works through the P2X7R/NLRP3/IL‐1β pathway.MethodsWe first used 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis and LC–MS metabolomics assays in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats with long‐term high‐fat diet (Purina #5008) induced significant depression‐like behaviors. Next, the forced swimming test (FST) and open field test (OFT) were measured to evaluate the antidepressive effect of taVNS. Immunofluorescence and western blotting (WB) were used to measure the microglia state and the expression of P2X7R, NLRP3, and IL‐1β in PFC.ResultsPurina#5008 diet induced significant depression‐like behaviors in ZDF rats and was closely related to purine and inflammatory metabolites. Consecutive taVNS increased plasma insulin concentration, reduced glycated hemoglobin and glucagon content in ZDF rats, significantly improved the depressive‐like phenotype in ZDF rats through reducing the microglia activity, and increased the expression of P2X7R, NLRP3, and IL‐1β in the prefrontal cortex (PFC).ConclusionThe P2X7R/NLRP3/IL‐1β signaling pathway may play an important role in the antidepressant‐like behavior of taVNS, which provides a promising mechanism for taVNS clinical treatment of diabetes combined with depression.
Establishing a protected area network in Xinlong with other effective area‐based conservation measures
Authors: Chen Xing , Tian Tengteng , Pan Han , Jin Yuyi , Zhang Xiaodian , Yang Biao , Zhang Li 
Published: May 2024

AbstractProtected areas (PAs) are pivotal to biodiversity conservation, yet their efficacy is compromised by insufficient funding and management. So‐called other effective area‐based conservation measures (OECMs) present a paradigm shift and address PA limitations. Such measures can expand conservation areas, enhance connectivity, and improve the existing system. To assess the conservation status of biodiversity in Tibetan cultural areas in China, we investigated the spatial distribution of wildlife vulnerable to human disturbance (large‐ and medium‐sized mammals and terrestrial birds) in Xinlong, a traditional Tibetan cultural area. In particular, we compared a PA (Xionglongxi Nature Reserve) and OECMs targeting species conservation. We also investigated the relationship of wildlife with human temporal and spatial activities. The OECMs complemented areas not covered by PA, especially in rich understory biodiversity regions. More species in OECMs tolerated human presence than species in the PA. Existing biodiversity reserves failed to cover areas of high conservation value in Tibet and offered limited protection capacity. Expanding PAs and identifying OECMs improved Xinlong's system by covering most biodiversity hotspots. Building on the tradition of wildlife conservation in Tibet, harnessing OECMs may be an effective means of augmenting biodiversity conservation capacity. We recommend further evaluation of OECMs effectiveness and coverage in Tibetan area as a way to enhance the current PA system.
SafeHeal Colovac Colorectal Anastomosis Protection Device evaluation (SAFE‐2) pivotal study: an international randomized controlled study to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the Colovac Colorectal Anastomosis Protection Device
Authors: Hain Elisabeth , Lefèvre Jérémie H. , Ricardo Alison , Lee Sang , Zaghiyan Karen , McLemore Elisabeth , Sherwinter Danny , Rhee Rebecca , Wilson Matthew , Martz Joseph , Maykel Justin , Marks John , Marcet Jorge , Rouanet Philippe , Maggiori Leon , Komen Niels , De Hous Nicolas , Lakkis Zaher , Tuech Jean‐Jacques , Attiyeh Fadi , Cotte Eddy , Sylla Patricia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimAlthough proximal faecal diversion is standard of care to protect patients with high‐risk colorectal anastomoses against septic complications of anastomotic leakage, it is associated with significant morbidity. The Colovac device (CD) is an intraluminal bypass device intended to avoid stoma creation in patients undergoing low anterior resection. A preliminary study (SAFE‐1) completed in three European centres demonstrated 100% protection of colorectal anastomoses in 15 patients, as evidenced by the absence of faeces below the CD. This phase III trial (SAFE‐2) aims to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the CD in a larger cohort of patients undergoing curative rectal cancer resection.MethodsSAFE‐2 is a pivotal, multicentre, prospective, open‐label, randomized, controlled trial. Patients will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either the CD arm or the diverting loop ileostomy arm, with a recruitment target of 342 patients. The co‐primary endpoints are the occurrence of major postoperative complications within 12 months of index surgery and the effectiveness of the CD in reducing stoma creation rates. Data regarding quality of life and patient's acceptance and tolerance of the device will be collected.DiscussionSAFE‐2 is a multicentre randomized, control trial assessing the efficacy and the safety of the CD in protecting low colorectal anastomoses created during oncological resection relative to standard diverting loop ileostomy.Trial registrationNCT05010850.
Machine learning framework to predict pharmacokinetic profile of small molecule drugs based on chemical structure
Authors: Pillai Nikhil , Abos Alexandra , Teutonico Donato , Mavroudis Panteleimon D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAccurate prediction of a new compound's pharmacokinetic (PK) profile is pivotal for the success of drug discovery programs. An initial assessment of PK in preclinical species and humans is typically performed through allometric scaling and mathematical modeling. These methods use parameters estimated from in vitro or in vivo experiments, which although helpful for an initial estimation, require extensive animal experiments. Furthermore, mathematical models are limited by the mechanistic underpinning of the drugs' absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) which are largely unknown in the early stages of drug discovery. In this work, we propose a novel methodology in which concentration versus time profile of small molecules in rats is directly predicted by machine learning (ML) using structure‐driven molecular properties as input and thus mitigating the need for animal experimentation. The proposed framework initially predicts ADME properties based on molecular structure and then uses them as input to a ML model to predict the PK profile. For the compounds tested, our results demonstrate that PK profiles can be adequately predicted using the proposed algorithm, especially for compounds with Tanimoto score greater than 0.5, the average mean absolute percentage error between predicted PK profile and observed PK profile data was found to be less than 150%. The suggested framework aims to facilitate PK predictions and thus support molecular screening and design earlier in the drug discovery process.
The ConSoil project: An integrated framework for monitoring plant protection product residues in agricultural soil
Authors: Renaud Mathieu , Campiche Sophie , Dell'Ambrogio Gilda , Marti‐Roura Mireia , Junghans Marion , Ferrari Benoit J. D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPlant Protection Products (PPPs) are widely used to maintain high productivity and protect crops, but can have unintended toxic effects on beneficial non‐target soil organisms. To avoid unacceptable adverse effects of PPPs on soil organisms, a prospective risk assessment is carried out, which focuses on individual substances and their effects on a few individual species or groups. However, the reality of agricultural soils consists of complex networks of organisms exposed to mixtures of several PPP active substances. It is therefore essential to monitor PPP residues in soils. This paper describes the ConSoil project and its proposed framework for monitoring PPP residues in Swiss Agricultural soils which includes and integrates (1) risk‐based reference values for PPP residues in soil and (2) indicators of their effects on long‐term soil fertility. For risk‐based reference values, a proposal has been developed to derive Soil Guideline Values (SGVs) for PPP residues and a mixture risk assessment concept is being developed. Regarding indicators, a toolbox of ecological and ecotoxicological indicators will be proposed to reflect the protection goal of long‐term soil fertility in agricultural soils. For this objective, standardised and/or well‐established bioindicator methods will be selected for the key soil organisms that support soil fertility. To integrate SGVs and the biomonitoring toolbox, an adapted TRIAD approach is proposed, where generic SGVs are used as a screening tool to identify monitoring sites potentially at risk and to trigger more detailed monitoring. Detailed monitoring will refine the SGVs based on site‐specific characteristics and implement the bioindicator toolbox to measure the effects of PPP residues and their risk to long‐term soil fertility. As a novel integrated framework, it is essential to use the data generated in detailed assessments to calibrate and refine the SGVs and bioindicator tools and improve the monitoring over time.
Dermatologic manifestations of hereditary hemochromatosis: A systematic review
Authors: Akbarialiabad Hossein , Jamshidi Parnian , Callen Jeffrey P. , Murrell Dédée F. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a genetic disorder leading to excessive iron absorption, impacting multiple organs, notably the skin, nails and mucosae. The objective of this study is to elucidate the dermatologic manifestations, associated symptoms, pathophysiology and management recommendations of HH. We searched five primary databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Web of Science) up to April 2023. Non‐English articles were included to minimize language bias. The studies were evaluated using Oxford Centre for Evidence‐based Medicine standards, with adherence to PRISMA guidelines. Inaccessible articles were directly sourced from authors. Out of the initial 1582 publications from 1904 to 2023, 22 studies (19 in English, 2 in French and 1 in German) were selected. Most reports were from the USA, UK and France and were predominantly case reports, covering 148 patients with skin symptoms related to hereditary hemochromatosis. We collected data on the cutaneous findings and, when available, their histopathological features. The current study highlights the scope, variety and traits of dermatologic symptoms in hereditary hemochromatosis, pinpointing research gaps and areas for future exploration. Our review accentuates the diverse dermatological manifestations of hereditary hemochromatosis, notably hyperpigmentation, hypertrichosis and resistant pruritus, often linked to excessive iron deposition and subsequent impairment of skin cell function. We also found controversial evidence indicating that skin cancers seem to be associated with hereditary hemochromatosis. Porphyria cutanea tarda and hereditary hemochromatosis were frequently reported together. Given hereditary hemochromatosis's genetic nature, early identification in one individual can substantially guide familial care and preemptive interventions. Clinicians should prioritize hereditary hemochromatosis as a differential when patients present with specific dermatological symptoms, especially in sun‐exposed regions. A rigorous assessment ensures accurate diagnosis, facilitating optimal management for both the patient and their family.
The relations among prosocial behavior, hedonic, and eudaimonic well‐being in everyday life
Authors: Gregori Fulvio , López‐Pérez Belén , Manfredi Lucia , Eisenberg Nancy , Lundie David , Lee Shannon , Gerbino Maria , Pastorelli Concetta , Zuffianò Antonio 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionExisting research highlights the significance of prosocial behavior (voluntary, intentional behavior that results in benefits for another) to people's well‐being. Yet, the extent to which this expected positive relation operates at the within‐person level (e.g., is more prosocial behavior than usual related to a higher than usual level of well‐being?) while taking into account stable interindividual differences, remains a research question that deserves further investigation. In this study, we aimed to explore the relations between prosocial behavior and hedonic (HWB; subjective assessment of life satisfaction and happiness) and eudaimonic (EWB; actualization of human potential in alignment with personal goals, including concepts like meaning in life and closeness to others) well‐being in daily life.MethodUsing ecological momentary assessment for 4 weeks, data were collected from two British samples, comprising 82 adolescents and 166 adults.ResultsDynamic Structural Equation Modeling revealed a positive relations between prosocial behavior and HWB/EWB at both between and within‐person levels across the samples.ConclusionIn summary, these findings further support the positive link between prosocial behavior and well‐being in everyday life. Notably, this association was consistent across different age groups (adolescent and adults) at both between and within‐person levels.
Embracing the hidden potential: The contribution of majority world research to developmental science
Authors: Baiden Philip , Zheng Yao , Nguyen Amanda J. , Espinosa‐Hernandez Graciela , Magis‐Weinberg Lucía , Titzmann Peter F. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractResearch on adolescence from the Majority World possesses major hidden potential in contributing to global adolescent research and developmental science more broadly. In this commentary, the authors (1) describe the background and the process through which this special issue came into fruition, (2) introduce the emic approaches to study the influences of macro‐contextual variations on developmental science and provide several pertinent examples on the contributions of Majority World research, (3) elaborate on challenges and barriers that Majority World scholars often face in conducting and disseminating their research, and (4) a few actionable steps and recommendations in promoting the representation and inclusion of Majority World research into global developmental science. Only when our field fully integrates findings from all regions of the world will we be able to develop a fundamental scientific representation and understanding of what it means to be an adolescent, how adolescents develop over time, and what tasks or phenomena in adolescent development are truly universal or specific to particular groups, regions, or areas.
The courage to advocate: How two professions approach public advocacy work
Authors: Watling Christopher , Sandomierski David , Poinar Sophie , Shaw Jennifer , LaDonna Kori 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundWhile health advocacy is an established physician role, most of the educational attention to advocacy has been at the individual patient level. Public advocacy—efforts to effect change at the level of communities, populations or society—remains a poorly defined concept whose educational foundation is underdeveloped. To enrich our understanding of public advocacy, we explored how professionals in two disciplines—medicine and law—have approached its tasks and experienced its challenges.MethodsUsing constructivist grounded theory, we interviewed 18 professionals (nine physicians, eight lawyers and one qualified in both disciplines) who engage in public advocacy. We used constant comparison throughout an iterative process of data collection and analysis to develop an understanding of what it means to be a professional in the public domain.ResultsPublic advocacy work occurs at the intersection of personal and professional identities. Lawyers perceived public advocacy as an embedded element of their professional identity, while physicians more often viewed it as outside their core professional scope. Nonetheless, professional identity influenced how both groups conducted their work. Physicians were more likely to draw on professional attitudes (e.g. their orientation towards evidence and their trusted social position), while lawyers were more likely to draw on professional skills (e.g. building an argument and litigating test cases). The work requires courage and often demands that individuals tolerate personal and professional risk.ConclusionWhile medicine has enshrined advocacy in its competency frameworks, it is the legal profession whose practitioners more fully embrace advocacy as intrinsic to professional identity, suggesting that roles are difficult to engineer or impose. Collaboration across public‐facing professions like medicine and law creates opportunities to reimagine public advocacy, to identify the skills required to do it well and to refresh educational strategies.
Elucidating photocycle in large Stokes shift red fluorescent proteins: Focus on mKeima
Authors: Bhutani Garima , Verma Pratima , Paul Sasthi , Dhamija Shaina , Chattopadhyay Kausik , De Arijit K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLarge Stokes shift red fluorescent proteins (LSS‐RFPs) are genetically encoded and exhibit a significant difference of a few hundreds of nanometers between their excitation and emission peak maxima (i.e., the Stokes shift). These LSS‐RFPs (absorbing blue light and emitting red light) feature a unique photocycle responsible for their significant Stokes shift. The photocycle associated with this LSS characteristic in certain RFPs is quite perplexing, hinting at the complex nature of excited‐state photophysics. This article provides a brief review on the fundamental mechanisms governing the photocycle of various LSS‐RFPs, followed by a discussion on experimental results on mKeima emphasizing its relaxation pathways which garnered attention due to its >200 nm Stokes shift. Corroborating steady‐state spectroscopy with computational studies, four different forms of chromophore of mKeima contributing to the cis‐trans conformers of the neutral and anionic forms were identified in a recent study. Furthering these findings, in this account a detailed discussion on the photocycle of mKeima, which encompasses sequential excited‐state isomerization, proton transfer, and subsequent structural reorganization involving three isomers, leading to an intriguing temperature and pH‐dependent dual fluorescence, is explored using broadband femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy.
Relational work in an alternative food network: The fundamental role of shared meaning for organising markets differently
Authors: Bååth Jonas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article studies the role of shared meaning for organising Alternative Food Networks (AFNs). Extant research shows that organisational elements, such as rules, and hybridisation of conventional and alternative modes of food provisioning are important for AFN organisation. Yet, they might both enable and hinder the aims of AFNs. Complementing this body of research, the article investigates how AFN participants work out the appropriate kind of organisation for realising ‘a promise of difference’. Introducing Zelizer's ‘relational work’, the article investigates how AFN participants foster a shared meaning of participating and thereby identify what practices are appropriate for its organisation. The analysis draws on extensive ethnographic materials from Swedish REKO‐rings (a direct marketing arrangement for local foods). The findings show how the REKO‐ring participants’ relational work negotiates and establishes shared meaning; what practices are appropriate and inappropriate for organising decent food provisioning. The study contributes to extant research by showing the fundamental role of shared (and discordant) meaning for the organisation of market‐based alternatives to the current food system.
What Determines the Number of Social Media Followers of Professional Cyclists: A Statistical Analysis
Authors: Belien Jeroen , De Clercq Kevin , Meulders Michel 
Published: May 2024

This paper examines which factors influence the change in the number of followers of professional cyclists on social media using a fixed-effects model on 33 days of panel data regarding the performance, activity, and content of Twitter messages of 795 cyclists. The analysis shows that a better race performance leads to more new followers. Posting social tweets has no effect, but posting social retweets does increase the number of new followers for riders with a low or medium number of followers. For parasocial tweets, the reverse is true: Parasocial retweets have no effect, while parasocial noninteractive tweets have a positive significant effect for riders with a low or high number of followers. Finally, for riders with a high number of followers, posting a general question to followers has a positive impact on the number of new followers. Cyclists and teams can use the results of this study to identify over- and underperformers in terms of social media success and to attract more followers with all the associated benefits.