bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Utilisation of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology for Diagnosis of Head and Neck Lesions in Paediatric Age Group
Authors: Desai Ashwini R , Mohammed Abdul Sameer , Sadhu Deepak S 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Fine needle aspiration cytology of head and neck region is well-accepted as a diagnostic procedure. It is a safe, simple, rapid, cost-effective, and minimally invasive way of diagnosing inflammatory, noninflammatory and neoplastic lesions. Aim : To study the role of FNAC in diagnosing head & neck lesions in the paediatric age group.

Material and Method: This is the hospital-based study of 120 lesions of the head and neck region belonging to the age group of 0-18 years. Cytological results are interpreted and analyzed according to anatomical site and then categorized based on interpretation.

Result: Out of 120 cases 20 % cases belong to the age group 0-5yrs, 24.16% belong to 6-10yrs & 55.83% belong to the 11-18yrs age group. According to the anatomical distribution of lesions maximum cases accounting for 81.67% are lymph node lesions followed by thyroid lesions, miscellaneous, and then least salivary gland lesions which account for 2.5%. In the lymph node, thyroid, salivary gland, and miscellaneous lesions predominant lesions are respectively reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (71.42%), thyroiditis (42.85%), sialadenitis (33.34%) &epidermal cyst (40%)

Conclusion: FNAC in resource-limited settings, healthcare providers should realize the importance of FNAC as an initial screening tool for superficial lesions in paediatric population. The presumptive diagnosis after FNAC of palpable lesions in paediatric age group avoids the unnecessary definitive operative procedure. Thus, FNAC is an easy, simple, rapid, and cost-effective diagnostic procedure for paediatric age group.
Prevalence of Childhood Dermatological and Ocular Morbidities: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mohammed Waseem Javed , Afshan Gouhare , Harsoor Amogh , Takalkar Anant Arunrao , MD Ibrahim Siddiqui 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Screening many children within a certain age group for the presence of illnesses can be efficiently conducted through school surveys. This study aims to analyze the prevalence of dermatological and ocular morbidities in school children. Methods: A school-based cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Government and Private schools of Latur, involving 500 school children aged between 5-14 years. Results: The prevalence of dermatological morbidities in our research was found to be 69%, with boys showing a prevalence of 50.6% and girls 18.4%. Prevalence of ocular morbidities was 7.6%, with boys showing a prevalence of 4.2% and girls 3.4%. Among dermatological manifestations, infections and infestations were the most observed (44%), followed by eczema (dermatitis) (13%). Refractive error was the most common ocular morbidity observed in boys (33.3%), followed by Vitamin A deficiency (28.57%). In girls, refractive error was the most common ocular morbidity (35.29%), followed by Vitamin A deficiency (29.41%). Conclusion: Urgent attention is needed to address these health issues early on to improve children's overall well-being. The findings contribute valuable insights for future research and targeted public health interventions aimed at promoting the health of school children.
Financeirização do setor sucroenergético no Vale do Ivinhema (MS): breves considerações a partir do RenovaBio
Authors: Guida Larissa Chiulli 
Published: May 2024

A financeirização do agronegócio brasileiro é marcada pela concentração e centralização do capital financeiro através, sobretudo, da territorialização de empresas transnacionais. As transformações recentes no setor sucroenergético são emblemáticas deste contexto nacional. Concomitante à crescente oferta de diversos instrumentos de financiamentos específicos para a agropecuária, abrange-se no Brasil os programas de subsídios e captação de recursos para uma “economia verde”, beneficiando também a produção agrícola. A Lei do Programa RenovaBio é aprovada nessa conjuntura, ela objetiva reduzir a emissão de Gases de Efeito Estufa (GEE) através da regulação do mercado de créditos de descarbonização (CBios). Por ser o principal produtor de biocombustível (etanol) o agronegócio sucroenergético é o mais favorecido pelo programa. Nesta pesquisa, interpreta-se o RenovaBio como o mais novo instrumento financeiro para o referido setor e que tende a agravar os problemas fundiários, sociais e ambientais provenientes dele. O caso de um empresa transnacional que foi a primeira a negociar CBios e, mas que, ao mesmo tempo, responde por processo de danos ambientais provocados por pulverização de agrotóxicos corrobora sobre a relação complexa entre finanças, agronegócio e “transição verde”.
URGENSI PENERAPAN ISO 27001 PADA PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Rahman Abdul , Fachrurozi Fachrurozi , Safitri Safitri 
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengelaborasi pentingnya penerapan ISO 27001 tentang sistem manajemen keamanan informasi untuk kalangan industri perbankan syariah di Indonesia. Implementasi ISO 27001 pada industri perbankan syariah sangatlah penting agar industri yang sedang berkembang pesat di Indonesia ini bisa mengantisipasi dan terhindar dari bahaya serangan cyber yang tentunya akan merugikan banyak pihak utamanya nasabah dari bank syariah itu sendiri. Penelitian ini berjenis kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi pustaka. Sumber data penelitian ini menggunakan sumber data primer dan sekunder yang terdiri dari artikel, buku dan dokumen terkait perbankan syariah serta ISO 27001. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan, bahwa: 1) Penerapan ISO 27001 tentang sistem manajemen keamanan informasi bagi industri perbankan syariah di Indonesia sangatlah penting dalam menjaga imunitas sistem keamanan informasi di bank syariah; 2) Melalui pendekatan berbasis risiko, bank syariah dapat melindungi aset informasi, menjaga keamanan fisik dan personel, serta mengelola akses ke sistem informasi; 3) ISO 27001 mendorong pengawasan dan perbaikan terus-menerus dan dengan mengimplementasikan standar ini bank syariah dapat meningkatkan keamanan informasi dan melindungi informasi penting mereka dengan lebih efektif; 4) Bank syariah yang mematuhi standar yang diakui secara internasional ini menunjukkan dedikasinya dalam melindungi data sensitif dan menjaga kepatuhan terhadap peraturan, serta menanamkan kepercayaan pada klien dan pemangku kepentingan.
ASPEK HUKUM PEMBIAYAAN BACK TO BACK ASSET DENGAN AGUNAN DEPOSITO PADA BANK PEMBIAYAAN RAKYAT SYARIAH (BPRS) ATTAQWA TANGERANG
Authors: Hidayah Assavinatul , Sholichah Inti Ulfi , Tahliani Hani 
Published: May 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui mekanisme dan aspek hukum pada pembiayaan back to back asset dengan menggunakan agunan deposito di Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah (BPRS) Attaqwa Tangerang. Back to Back merupakan salah satu pembiayaan dengan memakai agunan berupa deposito pada bank syariah. Mekanisme pembiayaan back to back cukup mudah dibanding dengan pembiayaan yang lain, karena jaminan yang digunakan hanya berupa deposito yang dimiliki oleh nasabah. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif lapangan, adapun untuk memperoleh temuan dan data-data dalam penelitian ini yaitu melalui in depth interview, observasi dan juga dokumentasi. Dalam penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terkait prosedur dan mekanisme pembiayaan back to back hanya diperlukan Bilyet Deposito nasabah. Di dalam kontrak perjanjian disebutkan bahwa nasabah menandatangani surat kuasa pencairan deposito sebagai mitigasi resiko apabila nasabah melakukan wanprestasi. Selain itu Deposito juga dapat dijadikan sebagai jaminan tambahan. Dengan demikian terdapat aspek hukum dalam kontrak perjanjian tersebut yaitu berdasarkan hukum Islam dan hukum positif; pertama berdasarkan hukum Islam yaitu Fatwa MUI No: 971/DSN-MUII/XIII/2015 tentang Sertifikat Deposito Syariah, DSN-MUI No.25/DSN-MUI/III/2002 tentang akad rahn dan kedua, hukum positif yaitu pada KUHP Pasal 1152 ayat 1 tentang pengikatan jaminan deposito dan Pasal 1320. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa pembiayaan Back to Back dengan jaminan Bilyet Deposito hanya menggunakan akad murabahah dan jaminanya tidak diikat menggunakan akad rahn. Adapun keterkaitan syarat sahnya perjanjian sudah sesuai dengan prinsip syariah dan syarat sahnya perjanjian pada pasal 1320 KUH Perdata.
The Total Carbon Column Observing Network's GGG2020 data version
Authors: Laughner Joshua L. , Toon Geoffrey C. , Mendonca Joseph , Petri Christof , Roche Sébastien , Wunch Debra , Blavier Jean-Francois , Griffith David W. T. , Heikkinen Pauli , Keeling Ralph F. , Kiel Matthäus , Kivi Rigel , Roehl Coleen M. , Stephens Britton B. , Baier Bianca C. , Chen Huilin , Choi Yonghoon , Deutscher Nicholas M. , DiGangi Joshua P. , Gross Jochen , Herkommer Benedikt , Jeseck Pascal , Laemmel Thomas , Lan Xin , McGee Erin , McKain Kathryn , Miller John , Morino Isamu , Notholt Justus , Ohyama Hirofumi , Pollard David F. , Rettinger Markus , Riris Haris , Rousogenous Constantina , Sha Mahesh Kumar , Shiomi Kei , Strong Kimberly , Sussmann Ralf , Té Yao , Velazco Voltaire A. , Wofsy Steven C. , Zhou Minqiang , Wennberg Paul O. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) measures column-average mole fractions of several greenhouse gases (GHGs), beginning in 2004, from over 30 current or past measurement sites around the world using solar absorption spectroscopy in the near-infrared (near-IR) region. TCCON GHG data have been used extensively for multiple purposes, including in studies of the carbon cycle and anthropogenic emissions, as well as to validate and improve observations from space-based sensors. Here, we describe an update to the retrieval algorithm used to process the TCCON near-IR solar spectra and to generate the associated data products. This version, called GGG2020, was initially released in April 2022. It includes updates and improvements to all steps of the retrieval, including but not limited to the conversion of the original interferograms into spectra, the spectroscopic information used in the column retrieval, post hoc air mass dependence correction, and scaling to align with the calibration scales of in situ GHG measurements. All TCCON data are available through https://tccondata.org/ (last access: 22 April 2024) and are hosted on CaltechDATA (https://data.caltech.edu/, last access: 22 April 2024). Each TCCON site has a unique DOI for its data record. An archive of all the sites' data is also available with the DOI https://doi.org/10.14291/TCCON.GGG2020 (Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) Team, 2022). The hosted files are updated approximately monthly, and TCCON sites are required to deliver data to the archive no later than 1 year after acquisition. Full details of data locations are provided in the “Code and data availability” section.
Assimilation of GNSS tropospheric gradients into the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model version 4.4.1
Authors: Thundathil Rohith , Zus Florian , Dick Galina , Wickert Jens 
Published: May 2024

Abstract. In this study, we have incorporated tropospheric gradient observations from a Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) ground station network into the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model through a newly developed observation operator. The experiments aim at testing the functionality of the developed observation operator and at analyzing the impact of tropospheric gradients on the sophisticated data assimilation (DA) system. The model was configured for a 0.1° mesh over Germany with 50 vertical levels up to 50 hPa. Our initial conditions were obtained from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Forecast System (GFS) data at 0.25° resolution, and conventional observations were obtained from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), restricted to mainly surface stations and radiosondes. We selected approximately 100 GNSS stations with high data quality and availability covering Germany. We performed DA every 6 h for June and July 2021. Four experiments were conducted: (1) a control run assimilating only conventional observations; (2) an impact run assimilating zenith total delays (ZTDs) on top of the control run; (3) an impact gradient run assimilating ZTDs and gradients on top of the control run; and (4) a gradient run assimilating only gradients on top of the control run. The error for the impact run was reduced by 32 % and 10 % for ZTDs and gradients, whereas the error for the impact gradient run was reduced by 35 % and 18 %, respectively. The gradient errors for the gradient run were nearly equal to those of the impact gradient. Overall, the newly developed operator for the WRFDA system works as intended. In particular, the combined assimilation of gradients and the ZTDs led to a notable improvement in the humidity field at altitudes above 2.5 km. With the operator codes developed and freely available to the WRF users, we aim to trigger further GNSS tropospheric gradient assimilation studies.
Projections and uncertainties of winter windstorm damage in Europe in a changing climate
Authors: Severino Luca G. , Kropf Chahan M. , Afargan-Gerstman Hilla , Fairless Christopher , de Vries Andries Jan , Domeisen Daniela I. V. , Bresch David N. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Winter windstorms are among the most significant natural hazards in Europe linked to fatalities and substantial damage. However, projections of windstorm impact in Europe under climate change are highly uncertain. This study combines climate projections from 30 general circulation models participating in Phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) with the climate risk assessment model CLIMADA to obtain projections of windstorm-induced damage over Europe in a changing climate. We conduct an uncertainty–sensitivity analysis and find large uncertainties in the projected changes in the damage, with climate model uncertainty being the dominant factor of uncertainty in the projections. We investigate the spatial patterns of the climate change-induced modifications in windstorm damage and find an increase in the damage in northwestern and northern central Europe and a decrease over the rest of Europe, in agreement with an eastward extension of the North Atlantic storm track into Europe. We combine all 30 available climate models in an ensemble-of-opportunity approach and find evidence for an intensification of future climate windstorm damage, in which damage with return periods of 100 years under current climate conditions becomes damage with return periods of 28 years under future SSP585 climate scenarios. Our findings demonstrate the importance of climate model uncertainty for the CMIP6 projections of windstorms in Europe and emphasize the increasing need for risk mitigation due to extreme weather in the future.
Neuro-Fuzzy Modelling of Reference Evapo-transpiration
Authors: Ramesh Singh  , H. C. Sharma  , Ambrish Kumar  
Published: May 2024

Reference evapo-transpiration (ETo) can be either directly estimated using lysimeter or water balance approach, or estimated indirectly using the climatological data. However, it is not always possible to obtain ETo value using lysimeter, as it is a time consuming method and needs precise and carefully planned experiments. Owing to the difficulty of obtaining accurate field measurements, reference evapo-transpiration is generally estimated from weather parameters. The FA0 Penman-Monteith method has now been accepted as standard method to estimate reference evapo-transpiration. However, it requires several weather parameters. The ensuing study is an attempt to predict ETo using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system with fewer and simple weather data for Nagini watershed, located near Charnba-Ranichauri, on Rishikesh-Uttarkashi route, in Tehri Garhwal district of Uttarakhand, India. The ETO predicted hy adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system was found to be comparable with the ETo estimated by FA0 Penman-Monteith method. The developed model was validated by testing its performance using correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.931, root mean square error (RMSE = 0.48) and coefficient of variation of the residual error (CVRE = 0.17). It shows the applicability of developed neuro-fuzzy model to predict ETU for future events. Apart from this, developed model requires lesser input variables than the input required by different empirical methods.
Evaluation of aesthetic results of microsurgical breast reconstruction with DIEP flap (literature review)
Authors: Gubicheva А. V. , Podhaisky V. N. , Ladutko D. Yu. , Pekar А. V. , Petrova D. Yu. , Mechkovsky S. Yu. , Skakun P. V. 
Published: May 2024

Purpose of a study: to explore the main methods of evaluating the aesthetic results of autologous breast reconstruction with a DIEP flap (deep inferior epigastric artery perforator), to identify the key factors influencing the aesthetic result of breast reconstruction.The scientific papers in the databases PubMed, Google Scholar, SCOPUS, Science Direct, RSCI for the period from 2013 to 2023 were analyzed. The systematic review includes articles evaluating the aesthetic result of breast reconstruction with a DIEP flap. The search was carried out by keywords: “breast”, “DIEP flap”, “aesthetic result”, “symmetry of breast”.As a result of the analysis, it was found that the evaluation of the aesthetic results of breast reconstruction is carried out using data of patient reported outcome measures, scales which is used to rate the surgeon’s perception of the aesthetic outcomes and quantitative objective measurements. The key factor influencing the aesthetic result of reconstruction is the symmetry of the breasts.Conclusion. The most commonly used methods for assessing the aesthetic results of breast reconstruction with a DIEP flap are: self-assessment of the results of reconstruction by patients (BREAST-Q questionnaire), evaluation of the results by surgeons (professional aesthetic assessment scales), quantitative objective methods for determining the degree of symmetry. According to many studies, symmetry is a critical factor affecting the aesthetics of the breasts and, consequently, patient satisfaction with the results of reconstruction, psychosocial well-being and quality of life in the long term.
Effect of a combination of rhinoplasty and septoplasty on the development of acute postoperative syndrome and cortisol secretion into blood plasma
Authors: Markushin А. А. , Nashvan А. , Minasyan Р. N. , Kastyro I. V. , Popadyuk V. I. , Ganshin I. B. , Kotov V. N. 
Published: May 2024

Purpose of the study: to evaluate the effect of a combination of rhinoplasty and septoplasty on the development of acute postoperative syndrome and the secretion of cortisol into the blood plasma.Material and methods. A study was conducted in a group of 98 patients who underwent septoplasty, rhinoplasty or rhinoseptoplasty. Using a Digital Rating Scale, the intensity of pain was assessed 3, 6, 24, 48 hours after the end of surgery. The day before, immediately before and 6 hours after surgical interventions, all patients underwent blood sampling to determine the concentration of cortisol in the blood plasma. The data obtained were compared within groups over time, as well as between groups at the corresponding assessment points.Results.The intensity of pain 3 hours after surgery was significantly lower in the group of patients after rhinoplasty and significantly decreased after 6 (p < 0.001), 24 (p < 0.01), 48 (p < 0.001) hours after surgery, compared with patients who underwent septoplasty and rhinoseptoplasty. In the early postoperative period, patients from the rhinoplasty group had the lowest cortisol concentrations in the blood plasma, compared with patients after septoplasty (p < 0.001) and rhinoseptoplasty (p < 0.01). In patients who underwent rhinoseptoplasty, the level of cortisol in the blood was significantly higher compared with patients after septoplasty (p < 0.01).Conclusion. The assessment of acute pain using a digital rating scale after rhinosurgical interventions showed that septoplasty provokes the development of a stronger acute pain syndrome in the early postoperative period, which proves its trauma compared to rhinoplasty. Simultaneous rhinoplasty and septoplasty in the first days after surgery contributes to an increase in the concentration of cortisol in blood plasma, as well as an increase in pain syndrome.
Current state of the problem of voice correction, taking into account potential complications (literature review)
Authors: Starostina S. V. , Statsenko Ya. А. , Mokoyan J. Т. , Svistushkin V. M. , Karapetyan L. S. , Toldanov А. V. , Toldanov Т. Kh. , Istranov А. L. 
Published: May 2024

The discrepancy between the sound of the voice and the gender and appearance to which a person refers to himself leads to depression, the inability to socialize and carry out professional activities. To solve this problem, various ways of correcting vocal function have been proposed: hormone therapy, surgical interventions, phonopedic rehabilitation. The presented review is aimed at generalizing and systematizing the literature data on voice change, showing the possibilities of a rational approach to the management of patients with a mismatch in voice pitch to their gender and physique – both conservative and surgical methods – taking into account potential complications.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the possibilities of various methods of voice correction in patients wishing to change the pitch of their voice, and their likely complications according to the literature.There are a large number of operations to increase the pitch of the voice, which conditionally pursue three goals: reducing the length, total mass of the vocal folds or increasing their tension; they can be performed both openly and endoscopically – using classical instruments and a CO2 laser. In the postoperative period, dysphonia, decreased voice intensity, suture divergence, lack of increase in the fundamental frequency of the voice and even its decrease are often observed. In addition to granulomas, the need for revision with insufficient/asymmetric tension of the vocal folds, life-threatening complications in the form of infection, edema and an increase in signs of laryngeal stenosis are possible.Hormone therapy under medical supervision eliminates the risk of complications, however, uncontrolled testosterone intake leads to an increase in systolic blood pressure, an increase in hemoglobin, hematocrit, etc. The most characteristic complications of taking estrogens are a significant increase in thrombotic and cardiovascular risks, hyperprolactinemia. Phonopedia has a minimal risk of complications, it is possible before and after surgery to increase the fundamental frequency and improve other voice characteristics.Literature search was conducted in domestic (CyberLeninka, Google Academy) and international (PubMed) databases in Russian and English.