bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of nozzle diameter and raster orientation on tensile and fracture behavior of FDM‐PLA specimens under mixed‐mode I/II loading
Authors: Ayatollahi Majid R. , Nabavi‐Kivi Amir , Hosseini Shadi Salamatian , Khosravani Mohammad Reza 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFused deposition modeling (FDM) is a material extrusion technique that works by extruding molten filament on a heated platform. In this method, several manufacturing parameters are engaged which affect the mechanical performance of printed parts. In this study, the effects of nozzle diameter on tensile (under two loading rates) and mixed‐mode I/II fracture behavior of printed specimens were examined. The obtained results revealed that testing speed had a minor effect on basic mechanical properties. For instance, ultimate tensile strengths of tensile specimens printed with 1 mm nozzle diameter were 32.56 and 39.71 MPa for test speeds of 1 and 5 mm/min, respectively. Higher nozzle diameters resulted in higher mechanical properties and fracture resistance (e.g., specimens printed with 45/−45° raster angle with 0.4 and 1 mm nozzle diameters indicated fracture loads of 4520 and 5071 N, respectively). Besides, fracture loads were predicted through the equivalent material concept coupled with J‐integral method.
The impact of Covid‐19 on banking groups’ balance sheets in the euro area
Authors: Agoraki Maria‐Eleni K. , Kouretas Georgios P. , Nadal De Simone Francisco 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMost studies have found that the Covid‐19 pandemic did not negatively impact the euro area banking industry's performance at an aggregate level. This study explores whether this finding still holds using the return on assets of 16 banking groups operating in the euro area and considering bank‐specific factors, idiosyncrasies related to different exposures of their portfolios to the business cycle and weaknesses stemming from underlying structural vulnerabilities. The banking groups are classified into clusters using unsupervised learning techniques. This research contributes to the empirical literature on the determinants of banks’ performance by highlighting the importance of banks’ heterogeneity, notably controlling for differential performance due to asset quality, solvency and business model. In addition, this paper shows that the magnitude of return on assets’ exposure to the business cycle varies across banks and that inflation in the euro area matters only for a subset of them. Importantly, the study sheds some light on the possible reasons for the mixed results in the literature regarding the role of non‐interest income, the T1 capital ratio and inflation. Finally, no significant effects of the Covid‐19 variables on banks’ return on assets are found during the first seven quarters of the pandemic.
Buffering and phenological mismatch: A change of perspective
Authors: Weir Jamie C. , Phillimore Albert B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe potential for climate change to disrupt phenology‐mediated interactions in interaction networks has attracted considerable attention in recent decades. Frequently, studies emphasize the fragility of ephemeral seasonal interactions, and the risks posed by phenological asynchrony. Here, we argue that the fitness consequences of asynchrony in phenological interactions may often be more buffered than is typically acknowledged. We identify three main forms that buffering may take: (i) mechanisms that reduce asynchrony between consumer and resource; (ii) mechanisms that reduce the costs of being asynchronous; and (iii) mechanisms that dampen interannual variance in performance across higher organizational units. Using synchrony between the hatching of winter moth caterpillars and the leafing of their host‐plants as a case study, we identify a wide variety of buffers that reduce the detrimental consequences of phenological asynchrony on caterpillar individuals, populations, and meta‐populations. We follow this by drawing on examples across a breadth of taxa, and demonstrate that these buffering mechanisms may be quite general. We conclude by identifying key gaps in our knowledge of the fitness and demographic consequences of buffering, in the context of phenological mismatch. Buffering has the potential to substantially alter our understanding of the biotic impacts of future climate change—a greater recognition of the contribution of these mechanisms may reveal that many trophic interactions are surprisingly resilient, and also serve to shift research emphasis to those systems with fewer buffers and towards identifying the limits of those buffers.
In situ decrease in rhodolith growth associated with Arctic climate change
Authors: Teichert Sebastian , Reddin Carl J. , Wisshak Max 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRhodoliths built by crustose coralline algae (CCA) are ecosystem engineers of global importance. In the Arctic photic zone, their three‐dimensional growth emulates the habitat complexity of coral reefs but with a far slower growth rate, growing at micrometers per year rather than millimeters. While climate change is known to exert various impacts on the CCA's calcite skeleton, including geochemical and structural alterations, field observations of net growth over decade‐long timescales are lacking. Here, we use a temporally explicit model to show that rising ocean temperatures over nearly 100 years were associated with reduced rhodolith growth at different depths in the Arctic. Over the past 90 years, the median growth rate was 85 μm year−1 but each °C increase in summer seawater temperature decreased growth by a mean of 8.9 μm (95% confidence intervals = 1.32–16.60 μm °C−1, p < .05). The decrease was expressed for rhodolith occurrences in 11 and 27 m water depth but not at 46 m, also having the shortest time series (1991–2015). Although increasing temperatures can spur plant growth, we suggest anthropogenic climate change has either exceeded the population thermal optimum for these CCA, or synergistic effects of warming, ocean acidification, and/or increasing turbidity impair rhodolith growth. Rhodoliths built by calcitic CCA are important habitat providers worldwide, so decreased growth would lead to yet another facet of anthropogenic habitat loss.
Biological invasions are a population‐level rather than a species‐level phenomenon
Authors: Haubrock Phillip J. , Soto Ismael , Ahmed Danish A. , Ansari Ali R. , Tarkan Ali Serhan , Kurtul Irmak , Macêdo Rafael L. , Lázaro‐Lobo Adrián , Toutain Mathieu , Parker Ben , Błońska Dagmara , Guareschi Simone , Cano‐Barbacil Carlos , Dominguez Almela Victoria , Andreou Demetra , Moyano Jaime , Akalın Sencer , Kaya Cüneyt , Bayçelebi Esra , Yoğurtçuoğlu Baran , Briski Elizabeta , Aksu Sadi , Emiroğlu Özgür , Mammola Stefano , De Santis Vanessa , Kourantidou Melina , Pincheira‐Donoso Daniel , Britton J. Robert , Kouba Antonín , Dolan Ellen J. , Kirichenko Natalia I. , García‐Berthou Emili , Renault David , Fernandez Romina D. , Yapıcı Sercan , Giannetto Daniela , Nuñez Martin A. , Hudgins Emma J. , Pergl Jan , Milardi Marco , Musolin Dmitrii L. , Cuthbert Ross N. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBiological invasions pose a rapidly expanding threat to the persistence, functioning and service provisioning of ecosystems globally, and to socio‐economic interests. The stages of successful invasions are driven by the same mechanism that underlies adaptive changes across species in general—via natural selection on intraspecific variation in traits that influence survival and reproductive performance (i.e., fitness). Surprisingly, however, the rapid progress in the field of invasion science has resulted in a predominance of species‐level approaches (such as deny lists), often irrespective of natural selection theory, local adaptation and other population‐level processes that govern successful invasions. To address these issues, we analyse non‐native species dynamics at the population level by employing a database of European freshwater macroinvertebrate time series, to investigate spreading speed, abundance dynamics and impact assessments among populations. Our findings reveal substantial variability in spreading speed and abundance trends within and between macroinvertebrate species across biogeographic regions, indicating that levels of invasiveness and impact differ markedly. Discrepancies and inconsistencies among species‐level risk screenings and real population‐level data were also identified, highlighting the inherent challenges in accurately assessing population‐level effects through species‐level assessments. In recognition of the importance of population‐level assessments, we urge a shift in invasive species management frameworks, which should account for the dynamics of different populations and their environmental context. Adopting an adaptive, region‐specific and population‐focused approach is imperative, considering the diverse ecological contexts and varying degrees of susceptibility. Such an approach could improve and refine risk assessments while promoting mechanistic understandings of risks and impacts, thereby enabling the development of more effective conservation and management strategies.
Estimated prophylactic dose required to achieve 3% trough as a function of age and concentrate class in multi‐country severe WAPPS‐Hemo haemophilia patients
Authors: Hajducek Dagmar M. , Chelle Pierre , Iorio Alfonso , Iserman Emma , Edginton Andrea N. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionWeb‐Accessible Population–Pharmacokinetic Service–Haemophilia (WAPPS‐Hemo) data are available to study factor‐concentrate usage, defined as the required weekly dose to achieve a 3% trough (WD3T), across standard and extended half‐life (SHL/EHL) products.AimTo provide baseline usage data including (i) differences across plasma‐derived (pdSHL) versus recombinant (rSHL) products, (ii) SHL versus EHL, and (iii) effect of age and positive inhibitor history.MethodsPK profiles (n = 14,416 patients, 0.3–85.2 years) and linear mixed effects models were used to estimate usage versus age, controlling for significant factors, using 95% confidence intervals to perform comparisons across all ages and posthoc tests to assess the differences.ResultsAverage usage was significantly higher for pdSHL versus rSHL in patients with a positive inhibitor history (PIH; 1.9–2.5 times higher), for SHL versus EHL (4–10 times), and was significantly associated with age.ConclusionBaseline usage patterns from 2017 to early 2023 provide a benchmark for assessing the impact of emerging technologies in haemophilia.
Severe haemorrhages leading to a diagnosis of rare bleeding disorder occur at a very young age: A study from the FranceCoag network
Authors: Meunier Sandrine , Harroche Annie , Rauch Antoine , Bally Cécile , Huguenin Yoann , Voltzenlogel Romain , Tabélé Clémence , Chambost Hervé , Balençon Martine ,   FranceCoag
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionIn the context of severe unexplained haemorrhage (SH), it is usual to seek haematological evaluation and investigate for an inherited rare bleeding disorder (IRBD). In such circumstances, appropriate screen can discriminate between IRBD and suspected child abuse. Yet, little information is available about the frequency of SH in the population of patients with IRBD.AimTo collect epidemiologic data about SH and IRBD.MethodThe database of the FranceCoag network has collected information about IRBD since January 2004. Based on data gathered up to 16 March 2022, a retrospective search was conducted for of SH events having occurred before or at the time of IRBD diagnosis. Demographics and diagnosis circumstances were retrieved, as well as information about SH, defined as any life‐threatening bleeding or intracranial haemorrhage.ResultsAmong the 13,433 patients of the database, 109 (0.8%) fulfilled inclusion criteria including a known date of IRBD diagnosis, haemophilia A or B (HA/HB) being the most frequent (82.5%). IRBD was discovered as a consequence of an SH event in 82.6% of the cases while CNS was involved in 55%. Severe and moderate HA/HB and other severe IRBD presented significantly more intracranial haemorrhage (p < .02) and a lower age at diagnosis (p = .03).ConclusionsThese data support that any unusual SH should raise a suspicion of IRBD. Particularly before 1‐year of age, it is suggested to first confirm moderate or severe haemophilia and severe IRBD by standard coagulation tests (APTT, PT and fibrinogen), combined with a clotting FXIII assay as first‐line investigation. Subsequent assays of coagulation factors should be performed in the case of abnormal values, in second‐line investigation.
Study on the preparation of SiC–C–t‐ZrO2 composites and its corrosion resistance to crushed after‐used lithium batteries
Authors: Xu Xuxu , Chen Boli , Yang Mengyao , Jang Yuena , Huang Zhaohui , Zheng Xiaohong , Min Xin , Mi Ruiyu , Wu Xiaowen , Tao Tianyi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn order to solve the severe erosion of kiln refractories for the high‐temperature treatment used during the process of recovering valuable metal elements from waste lithium batteries, this study investigates the low‐cost, no‐firing preparation technology of erosion‐resistant SiC–C–t‐ZrO2 composites with self‐prepared t‐ZrO2–SiC–C powder, as well as silicon carbide and flake graphite as the main raw materials, and phenolic resin as the binding agent. (1) The effects of different t‐ZrO2–SiC–C powder additions and heat treatment temperatures on the properties of SiC–C–t‐ZrO2 composites were studied in details. (2) The erosion resistance of SiC–C–t‐ZrO2 composites to after‐use lithium battery waste was evaluated using the static crucible method. The mechanical properties of the t‐ZrO2–SiC–C composites was the best that its cold modulus of rupture (CMOR) was 11.37 MPa and cold crush strength (CCS) was 41.96 MPa when heat treatment temperature was 600°C and content of t‐ZrO2–SiC–C powder was 10 wt%. At that condition, the bulk density of samples reached to 3.15 g/cm3 and apparent porosity of it was only at 11.09% which means that the samples designed in this work are compacted enough. In the erosion test, the t‐ZrO2–SiC–C composites had an excellent resistance to erosion of lithium battery waste.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the nail in patients with Fitzpatrick phototypes IV–VI: a systematic review
Authors: Chang Michelle J. , Schwartz Kahn Michelle , Khachemoune Amor 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSquamous cell carcinoma of the nail unit (nSCC) is a rare malignant tumor of the hand and nail. Although skin cancer rarely affects individuals with phototypes IV–VI, its occurrence in these groups is often associated with greater morbidity and mortality. This study aims to characterize the clinical symptoms, presentations, and treatments of nSCC in patients with darker skin types. A systematic review of PubMed and Embase was performed in May 2023 for all peer‐reviewed, English‐language nSCC studies involving individuals with Fitzpatrick types IV–VI. Most tumors were located on the fingernails (84%), with the right third finger being the most frequently affected (31%). The nail bed (67%) exhibited a higher prevalence than the lateral/proximal nail folds (33%). The duration of symptoms before diagnosis ranged from 1 month to 7 years. nSCC was most commonly treated with Mohs surgery (38%), followed by amputation (35%). Our study was limited to case reports because of a lack of large nSCC studies that provide information on race or images of each patient. These tumors are generally slow‐growing yet often misdiagnosed, leading to delays in presentation and diagnosis. Increased awareness about nSCC in phototype IV–VI individuals will reduce misdiagnoses, unnecessary treatment, and recurrences.
Certolizumab pegol effectiveness, survival and safety in patients with psoriasis: A multicenter retrospective analysis in daily clinical practice by the Spanish Psoriasis Group
Authors: Sahuquillo‐Torralba Antonio , Mansilla‐Polo Miguel , Pujol‐Marco Conrad , Llamas‐Velasco Mar , Rull Eva V. , Ruiz Villaverde Ricardo , Ferran Marta , Pitarch Gerard , Lopez Anna , Beltran Emma , Urruticoechea‐Arana Ana , Riera‐Monroig Josep , Alsina Merce , Vidal David , Belinchón Romero Isabel , Notario Jaime , Carrascosa José M. , Gonzalez‐Delgado Víctor , Mollet Jordi , Ribera Miquel , Gallardo Fernando 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundCertolizumab is an Fc‐free PEGylated tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNFα) inhibitor recently approved for the treatment of moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis, although there is limited real‐world evidence on the effectiveness and safety in patients with plaque psoriasis treated with certolizumab.The objective of this article is to determine the effectiveness, drug survival, and safety, including pregnancy, childbirth, and lactation, of certolizumab in moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis under real‐world conditions.MethodsThis is a retrospective, multicenter, observational study performed in 15 hospitals in Spain. It evaluates the effectiveness and safety of certolizumab in plaque psoriasis in the clinical practice setting.ResultsA total of 67 patients (73% female) were evaluated with a mean baseline Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) of 8.9. At Week 12, the mean PASI was 2.3 (n = 67), 1.3 (n = 57) at Week 24 and 1.3 at Week 52 (n = 34). Absolute PASI < 3 was achieved in 69, 86, and 92% of patients at Weeks 12, 24, and 52, respectively, as observed. For its part, using the under‐response imputation analysis, PASI < 3 at Weeks 12, 24, and 52 were achieved by 69, 73, and 49% of the patients, respectively. A total of 35 patients (52%) had concomitant psoriatic arthritis, and, in 24 of them, Disease Activity in Psoriatic Arthritis Score (DAPSA) was recorded at baseline, with a mean value of 17.9 which decreased to 8.2 at Week 12 (n = 22) and to 3.6 at Week 24 (n = 18). Certolizumab treatment was discontinued in 14 out of 67 patients (21%), due to lack/loss of cutaneous or articular effectiveness (n = 11) or patient decision (n = 2) or adverse event in only one patient who developed active tuberculosis. A lower baseline PASI [hazard ratio (HR): 1.12 (1.02–1.23); P = 0.023] and a more significant reduction in PASI at Week 12 [HR: 1.16 (1.07–1.27); P < 0.001] and Week 52 [HR: 1.47 (1.11–1.96); P = 0.007] was shown to be significantly related with better survival for the entire follow‐up period. Fourteen patients were treated during pregnancy and/or lactation without reporting adverse events in either the patient or the newborn.ConclusionsCertolizumab consistently showed high effectiveness and drug survival rates in this real‐life cohort. The safety demonstrated in clinical trials during pregnancy and lactation seems to be confirmed in clinical practice.
The application of dairy products and their derivatives as edible inks in 3D printing technology: A review
Authors: Dou Xinyue , Ren Junning 
Published: May 2024

SummaryThree‐dimensional (3D) printing technology digitally designs and manufactures objects through computer‐controlled processes. It requires raw materials with specific rheological properties for extrusion and shape retention. Dairy products hold promise for 3D printing due to their ability to form structures and their nutritional value. However, the quality of 3D printing with dairy products relies on the properties of the printing ink and printer parameters, presenting challenges for practical applications. This work provided a summary of the suitability of dairy‐based 3D printed products, discussing physicochemical modifications and additives to enhance their suitability and nutritional properties. The internal structure and composition of printing inks derived from dairy products are closely linked to their printing performance. Physicochemical modifications and additives effectively improve printability and the nutritional aspects of dairy inks. The 3D printing suitability of dairy inks can be enhanced through physical, chemical or enzymatic treatments. The gel properties of dairy products can be improved by mixing them with hydrophilic gels, introducing calcium, and incorporating lipids to enhance the 3D printing performance of dairy products. 3D printing technology enables the customisation of dairy products with personalised control of nutritional content, meeting the increasing consumer and market demand for healthier foods. In the future, 3D printed dairy products are expected to constitute convenient and quick nutritious food and enter home kitchens.
Nursing assessment of mental health issues in the general clinical environment: A descriptive study
Authors: Ngune Irene , Ewens Beverley , Bell Sharlene , Burns Brendon , Sutton Claire , Creswell Craig , Middlewick Yvonne 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the effectiveness of a mental health screening form for early identification and care escalation of mental health issues in general settings. A secondary aim was to explore general nurses' use of the form and their confidence to discuss mental health issues with patients.MethodsA cross‐sectional design comprising a review of clinical records to determine use of the form, instances of missed care and escalation to the mental health team. The survey focused on nurses' confidence in general settings to engage in discussions with patients about mental health. Data were collected from April to December 2022. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Statement guided this study.ResultsOf 400 patient records, 397 were analysed; 293 (73.8%) of those had mental health screening by nurses. Age was a significant factor, with younger patients more likely to be screened although concerns were typically recognized in older patients. Of the 20 patients identified with mental health concerns, 9 (45%) were referred for further evaluation by the Clinical Liaison Team. While nurses were proactive in assessing physical risks, assessing risk factors that required deeper conversations with patients, including psychiatric history, was lacking. The survey highlighted fewer than half of the respondents (46%, n = 10) felt competent to engage in discussions about mental health; however, most (59%, n = 13) knew when to seek a mental health referral.ConclusionsGeneral nurses have a role in the early identification and referral of patients with mental health challenges. However, training is imperative to facilitate deeper patient interactions concerning mental health. Integrating mental health checks within general settings is crucial for early detection and intervention, aligning with global quality care standards.Reporting MethodSTROBE guidelines.Patient or Public ContributionWe received feedback that shaped the research protocol from a consumer representative.