bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three‐Dimensional Entertainment as a Novel Cause of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Taylor Montoya , Amin Anish , Bush Charles 
Published: September 2011

AbstractTakotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) is an uncommon entity. It is known to occur in the setting of extreme catecholamine release and results in left ventricular dysfunction without evidence of angiographically definable coronary artery disease. There have been no published reports of TC occurring with visual stimuli, specifically 3‐dimensional (3D) entertainment. We present a 55‐year‐old woman who presented to her primary care physician's office with extreme palpitations, nausea, vomiting, and malaise <48 hours after watching a 3D action movie at her local theater. Her electrocardiogram demonstrated ST elevations in aVL and V1, prolonged QTc interval, and T‐wave inversions in leads I, II, aVL, and V2‐V6. Coronary angiography revealed angiographically normal vessels, elevated left ventricular filling pressures, and decreased ejection fraction with a pattern of apical ballooning. The presumed final diagnosis was TC, likely due to visual‐auditory–triggered catecholamine release causing impaired coronary microcirculation. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The volume‐outcome relation in the surgical treatment of esophageal cancer
Authors: Wouters Michel W. J. M. , Gooiker Gea A. , van Sandick Johanna W. , Tollenaar Rob A. E. M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis study was undertaken to conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the literature on the relation between procedural volume and outcome of esophagectomies. A systematic search was carried out to identify articles investigating effects of hospital or surgeon volume on short‐term and long‐term outcomes published between 1995 and 2010. Articles were scrutinized for methodological quality, and after inclusion of only high‐quality studies, a meta‐analysis assuming a random effects model was done to estimate the effect of higher volume on patient outcome. Heterogeneity in study results was evaluated with an I2‐test and risk of publication bias with an Egger regression intercept. Forty‐three studies were found. Sixteen studies met the strict inclusion criteria for the meta‐analysis on hospital volume and postoperative mortality and 4 studies on hospital volume and survival. The pooled estimated effect size was significant for high‐volume providers in the analysis of postoperative mortality (odds ratio [OR], 2.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.89‐2.80) and in the survival analysis (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.05‐1.30). The meta‐analysis of surgical volume and outcome showed no significant results. Studies in which the results were adjusted not only for patient characteristics but also for tumor characteristics and urgency of the operation showed a stronger correlation between hospital volume and mortality. Also, studies performed on data from the United States showed higher effect sizes. The evidence for hospital volume as an important determinant of outcome in esophageal cancer surgery is strong. Concentration of procedures in high‐volume hospitals with a dedicated setting for the treatment of esophageal cancer might lead to an overall improvement in patient outcome. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Adhesion molecule protein signature in ovarian cancer effusions is prognostic of patient outcome
Authors: Kim Geoffrey , Davidson Ben , Henning Ryan , Wang Junbai , Yu Minshu , Annunziata Christina , Hetland Thea , Kohn Elise C. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Ovarian cancer cells in malignant effusions lack attachment to solid‐phase matrix substrata and receive survival stimuli through cell–cell and cell–soluble matrix molecule interactions. We hypothesized that adhesion‐related survival and proliferation pathway signals can inform clinical outcomes and guide targeted therapeutics.METHODS:Lysed cell pellets from a blinded set of benign (n = 20) and malignant (n = 51) peritoneal and pleural ovarian cancer patient effusions were applied to reverse‐phase protein arrays and examined using validated antibodies to adhesion‐associated protein endpoints. Results were subjected to hierarchical clustering for signature development. Association between specimen type, protein expression, and clinicopathologic associations were analyzed using the Mann‐Whitney U test. Survival outcomes were estimated using the Kaplan‐Meier method with log‐rank comparison.RESULTS:A cell adhesion protein signature obtained from unsupervised clustering distinguished malignant from benign effusions (P = 6.18E‐06). Protein subset analyses from malignant cases defined 3 cell adhesion protein clusters driven by E‐cadherin, epithelial cell adhesion molecule, and N‐cadherin, respectively. The components of the E‐ and N‐cadherin clusters correlated with clinical outcome by Kaplan‐Meier statistics. Univariate analysis indicated that FAK and phosphorylated AKT were associated with higher overall and progression‐free survival (PFS) (P = .03), and Akt, phosphorylated paxillin, and E‐ and N‐cadherin were associated with improved PFS (P ≤ .05). If 4 or 5 of the index adhesion proteins were high, PFS was improved by multivariate analysis (P ≤ .01).CONCLUSIONS:This hypothesis‐testing examination of tumor cell adhesion molecules and pathways yielded potential predictive biomarkers with which to triage patients to selected molecular therapeutics and may serve as a platform for biomarker‐based stratification for clinical application. Cancer 2011;. Published 2011 by the American Cancer Society.
A phase 2 randomized multicenter study of 2 extended dosing schedules of oral ezatiostat in low to intermediate‐1 risk myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Raza Azra , Galili Naomi , Smith Scott E. , Godwin John , Boccia Ralph V. , Myint Han , Mahadevan Daruka , Mulford Deborah , Rarick Mark , Brown Gail L. , Schaar Dale , Faderl Stefan , Komrokji Rami S. , List Alan F. , Sekeres Mikkael 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Ezatiostat is a glutathione analog prodrug glutathione S‐transferase P1‐1 (GSTP1‐1) inhibitor. This study evaluated 2 extended dose schedules of oral ezatiostat in 89 heavily pretreated patients with low to intermediate‐1 risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).METHODS:Patients were randomized by 1 stratification factor—baseline cytopenia (anemia only vs anemia with additional cytopenias)—to 1 of 2 extended dosing schedules. Multilineage hematologic improvement (HI) responses were assessed by International Working Group 2006 criteria.RESULTS:Overall, 11 of 38 (29%) red blood cell (RBC) transfusion‐dependent patients had HI‐Erythroid (HI‐E) response. The median duration of HI‐E response was 34 weeks. Multilineage responses were observed. There was 1 cytogenetic complete response in a del (5q) MDS patient. An important trend was the effect of prior therapy on response. A 40% HI‐E rate (6 of 15 patients) was observed in patients who had prior lenalidomide and no prior hypomethylating agents (HMAs), with 5 of 11 (45%) patients achieving significant RBC transfusion reduction and 3 of 11 (27%) achieving transfusion independence. A 28% HI‐E rate (5 of 18 patients) was observed in patients who were both lenalidomide and HMA naive, with 4 of 8 (50%) patients achieving clinically significant RBC transfusion reductions. Most common ezatiostat‐related adverse events were grade 1 and 2 gastrointestinal including: nausea (45%, 17%), diarrhea (26%, 7%), and vomiting (30%, 12%).CONCLUSIONS:Ezatiostat is the first GSTP1‐1 inhibitor shown to cause clinically significant and sustained reduction in RBC transfusions, transfusion independence, and multilineage responses in MDS patients. The tolerability and activity profile of ezatiostat may offer a new treatment option for patients with MDS. Cancer 2012. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Novel biomarker panel predicts prognosis in human papillomavirus‐negative oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Wu Yin , Posner Marshall R. , Schumaker Lisa M. , Nikitakis Nikolaos , Goloubeva Olga , Tan Ming , Lu Changwan , Iqbal Sana , Lorch Jochen , Sarlis Nicholas J. , Haddad Robert I. , Cullen Kevin J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:New treatment strategies for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma combine induction chemotherapy and chemoradiation. Identifying the predictors of outcome in sequentially treated patients is critical for focusing therapeutic research. In this analysis, the authors evaluated human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV‐16) status and the expression levels of a defined set of biomarkers to identify predictors of response to this treatment modality.METHODS:In total, 114 patients with oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) who were treated on the TAX 324 trial (cisplatin and fluorouracil with or without docetaxel in patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma) had pretreatment biopsy specimens that were evaluable for HPV‐16 DNA and immunohistochemical expression of the following biomarkers: beta‐tubulin II (βT‐II), glutathione S‐transferase (GST‐π), p53, and B‐cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‐2). Patients were categorized into risk groups based on their HPV status and biomarker expression levels.RESULTS:Patients with high‐risk OPC were defined by HPV‐negative status and either elevated expression of βT‐II or levels of at least 2 of the other 3 adverse markers (elevated GST‐π, elevated p53, or low Bcl‐2). All other HPV‐negative patients were categorized as moderate risk. In total, 55 patients were HPV‐positive, and 59 patients were HPV‐negative, with 34 were categorized as high risk and 25 categorized as moderate risk. The median survival for HPV‐positive patients was not reached. The median survival was 44.2 months for moderate‐risk patients (95% confidence interval, 20.9 months to not reached) and 12.1 months for high‐risk patients (95% confidence interval, 7.5‐19.7 months). The 24‐month survival rate was 89% for HPV‐positive patients, 67% for moderate‐risk patients, and 29% for high‐risk patients (P < .0001).CONCLUSIONS:The molecular data set in this study readily differentiated between 2 distinct groups of patients with locally advanced, HPV‐negative OPC. This risk‐stratification strategy may serve as a guide for treatment selection. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Association of VEGF and VEGFR2 single nucleotide polymorphisms with hypertension and clinical outcome in metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients treated with sunitinib
Authors: Kim Jenny J. , Vaziri Susan A.J. , Rini Brian I. , Elson Paul , Garcia Jorge A. , Wirka Robert , Dreicer Robert , Ganapathi Mahrukh K. , Ganapathi Ram 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPURPOSE:Biomarkers that predict response or toxicity to antiangiogenic therapy are sought to favorably inform the risk/benefit ratio. This study evaluated the association of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) genetic polymorphisms with the development of hypertension (HTN) and clinical outcome in metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (MCCRCC) patients treated with sunitinib.PATIENT AND METHODS:Sixty‐three MCCRCC patients receiving sunitinib (50 mg 4/2) with available blood pressure (BP) data and germline DNA were retrospectively identified. A panel of candidate VEGF and VEGFR2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were evaluated for associations with the development of hypertension and clinical outcome.RESULTS:VEGF SNP −634 genotype was associated with the prevalence and duration of sunitinib‐induced hypertension (as defined by systolic pressure ≥150 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure ≥90 mmHg) in both univariable analysis (P = .03 and .01, respectively) and multivariable analysis, which adjusted for baseline BP and use of antihypertension medication (P = .05 and .02, respectively). Patients with the GG genotype were estimated to have a greater likelihood of being hypertensive during treatment compared with patients with the CC genotype (odds ratio of 13.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.71‐50.04). No single VEGF or VEGFR SNPs were found to correlate with clinical outcome. However, the combination of VEGF SNP 936 and VEGFR2 SNP 889 were associated with overall survival after adjustment for prognostic risk group (P = .03).CONCLUSIONS:In MCCRCC patients treated with sunitinib, VEGF SNP −634 is associated with hypertension and a combination of VEGF SNP 936 and VEGFR2 SNP 889 genotypes is associated with overall survival. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
National trends in surgical procedures for hepatocellular carcinoma: 1998‐2008
Authors: Nathan Hari , Segev Dorry L. , Mayo Skye C. , Choti Michael A. , Cameron Andrew M. , Wolfgang Christopher L. , Hirose Kenzo , Edil Barish H. , Schulick Richard D. , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rising, and the options for surgical therapy of HCC have evolved recently, but use of surgical therapy has not been characterized on a representative, nationwide basis. We quantified trends in use, mortality, and patient and hospital characteristics for 3 surgical therapies for HCC (resection, ablation, and transplantation) in the United States from 1998 to 2008.METHODS:Hospital discharge data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample were used to quantify procedure‐related data for each year. Trends over time were summarized as the average annual percent change (AAPC) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI).RESULTS:The number of surgical procedures for HCC increased from 1416 to 6769 (AAPC, 13.5%; 95% CI, 10.2%‐16.8%). Volumes increased for all surgical procedures, most notably for ablation (AAPC, 17.3%; 95% CI, 6.6%‐29.2%) and transplantation (AAPC, 20.9%; 95% CI, 14.1%‐28.1%). When analyzed as a proportion of total procedures, there were declines in the relative use of major hepatectomy (35% to 16%; AAPC, −7.2%, 95% CI, −8.8% to −5.6%) and wedge resection (37% to 22%; AAPC, −4.8%; 95% CI, −6.2% to −3.4%), while the proportion accounted for by transplantation increased (16% to 35%; AAPC, 4.4%; 95% CI, 0.2%‐8.9%). Inpatient mortality decreased for each procedure individually and overall from 7.3% to 4.6% (AAPC, −7.7%; 95% CI, −10.8% to −4.5%), despite increasing age and comorbidity burden.CONCLUSIONS:The use of surgical therapy for HCC has increased dramatically over the last decade, with a relative shift away from liver resection and toward liver transplantation. These therapeutic modalities must be better targeted to make the most appropriate use of limited health care resources. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Cytologic and molecular diagnosis of thyroid cancers
Authors: Hassell Lewis A. , Gillies Elizabeth M. , Dunn S. Terence 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe Bethesda system for standardized reporting of thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology has positively affected the clarity of communication of results and management of patients evaluated for thyroid nodules. Problematic areas still exist in the triage of some of these samples, particularly those in the categories of “follicular lesion with atypia of uncertain significance” and “follicular lesion.” The literature on molecular and genetic abnormalities in thyroid lesions is reviewed. Potentially useful markers for distinguishing currently problematic categories of FNA cytologic samples, especially nondiagnostic samples, atypia of uncertain significance, and follicular lesions, are discussed. The predictive value of the respective molecular analyses in these settings is examined. Evaluation of FNA samples with negative or suboptimal follicular cytology for Ras mutations may be useful in detecting potentially significant follicular lesions (carcinomas) but is quite low in overall yield. Cytologic samples with atypia of uncertain significance, which may include the possibility of papillary carcinomas, may be fruitfully evaluated using a panel of molecular tests for BRAF, RET/PTC, PAX8/PPARG1, and Ras. Other markers also have potential utility in the workup of thyroid lesions. An era of combined modality testing in thyroid cytology is emerging in which classical cytologic findings can be coupled with molecular data to increase the predictive power of diagnostic interpretations; however, there remains a group of atypical cytologic samples negative for known molecular markers in which the risk of malignancy is too high to simply follow expectantly. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2012. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Multigrid solution of non‐linear balance equations in meteorology
Authors: Fulton Scott R. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractMultigrid algorithms are presented for several elliptic problems arising in models of balanced atmospheric dynamics. The equations are generalizations of the Monge—Ampere equation and are non‐linear in the highest‐order terms. The problem formulation is reviewed, along with a method of dealing with a lower boundary which is not a co‐ordinate surface, and details of the discretization and relaxation are given. Numerical results from two‐ and three‐dimensional problems show the accuracy and efficiency of the method.
Application of multigrid and adaptive grid embedding to the two‐dimensional flux‐split euler equations
Authors: Warren Gary P. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA numerical algorithm is presented for solving the two‐dimensional flux‐split Euler equations using a multigrid method with adaptive grid embedding. The method uses an unstructured data set along with a system of pointers for communication on the irregularly shaped grid topologies. An explicit two‐stage time‐advancement scheme is implemented. A multigrid algorithm is used to provide grid level communication and to accelerate the convergence of the solution to steady state. Results are presented for a NACA 0012 aerofoil in a free stream with a Mach number of 0·85 and an angle of attack of 1·0 degree. Excellent resolution of the shock structures is obtained with the adaptive grid embedding method with significantly fewer grid points than the comparable structured grid.
A reference model for deploying applications in virtualized environments
Authors: Afgan Enis , Baker Dannon , Team the Galaxy , Nekrutenko Anton , Taylor James 
Published: September 2011

SUMMARYModern scientific research has been revolutionized by the availability of powerful and flexible computational infrastructure. Virtualization has made it possible to acquire computational resources on demand. Establishing and enabling use of these environments is essential, but their widespread adoption will only succeed if they are transparently usable. Requiring changes to applications being deployed or requiring users to change how they utilize those applications represent barriers to the infrastructure acceptance. The problem lies in the process of deploying applications so that they can take advantage of the elasticity of the environment and deliver it transparently to users. Here, we describe a reference model for deploying applications into virtualized environments. The model is rooted in the low‐level components common to a range of virtualized environments and it describes how to compose those otherwise dispersed components into a coherent unit. Use of the model enables applications to be deployed into the new environment without any modifications, it imposes minimal overhead on management of the infrastructure required to run the application, and yields a set of higher‐level services as a byproduct of the component organization and the underlying infrastructure. We provide a fully functional sample application deployment and implement a framework for managing the overall application deployment. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Edge Plane Pyrolytic Graphite Electrode Covalently Modified with 2‐Anthraquinonyl Groups: Theory and Experiment
Authors: Kozub Barbara R. , Henstridge Martin C. , Batchelor‐McAuley Christopher , Compton Richard G. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAn edge plane pyrolitic graphite (EPPG) electrode was modified by electrochemical reduction of anthraquinone‐2‐diazonium tetrafluoroborate (AQ2‐N2+BF4−), giving an EPPG–AQ2‐modified electrode of a surface coverage below a monolayer. Cyclic voltammograms simulated using Marcus–Hush theory for 2e− process assuming a uniform surface gave unrealistically low values of reorganisation energies, λ, for both electron transfer steps. Subsequently, two models of surface inhomogeneity based on Marcus–Hush theory were investigated: a distribution of formal potentials, E′, and a distribution of electron tunneling distances, r0. The simulation of cyclic voltammograms involving the distribution of formal potentials showed a better fit than the simulation with the distribution of tunneling distances. Importantly the reorganization energies used for the simulation of E′ distribution were similar to the literature values for adsorbed species.
Complexity of networks I: The set‐complexity of binary graphs
Authors: Sakhanenko Nikita A. , Galas David J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe balance between symmetry and randomness as a property of networks can be viewed as a kind of “complexity.” We use here our previously defined “set complexity” measure (Galas et al., IEEE Trans Inf Theory 2010, 56), which was used to approach the problem of defining biological information, in the mathematical analysis of networks. This information theoretic measure is used to explore the complexity of binary, undirected graphs. The complexities, Ψ, of some specific classes of graphs can be calculated in closed form. Some simple graphs have a complexity value of zero, but graphs with significant values of Ψ are rare. We find that the most complex of the simple graphs are the complete bipartite graphs (CBGs). In this simple case, the complexity, Ψ, is a strong function of the size of the two node sets in these graphs. We find the maximum Ψ binary graphs as well. These graphs are distinct from, but similar to CBGs. Finally, we explore directed and stochastic processes for growing graphs (hill‐climbing and random duplication, respectively) and find that node duplication and partial node duplication conserve interesting graph properties. Partial duplication can grow extremely complex graphs, while full node duplication cannot do so. By examining the eigenvalue spectrum of the graph Laplacian we characterize the symmetry of the graphs and demonstrate that, in general, breaking specific symmetries of the binary graphs increases the set‐based complexity, Ψ. The implications of these results for more complex, multiparameter graphs, and for physical and biological networks and the processes of network evolution are discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity, 17,51–64, 2011
Perception of Social Participation in Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Renneberg Babette , Herm Kerstin , Hahn Adam , Staebler Katja , Lammers Claas‐Hinrich , Roepke Stefan 
Published: September 2011

Interpersonal dysfunction is a key feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Distorted perception of participation in social situations and altered emotional responses could contribute to these typical interpersonal problems in BPD. Thirty patients with BPD were compared with a healthy control group (n = 30) in their perceptions and subjective emotional reactions to situations of social inclusion and exclusion. Participants played Cyberball, a virtual ball‐tossing paradigm, in which social inclusion and exclusion are experimentally induced. Control participants reacted with an increase in sadness, anger and overall negative affect when excluded. In BPD patients, social exclusion also induced anger, while general participating in the game seemed to reduce levels of sadness. Compared with healthy controls, BPD patients felt more readily excluded independent of the condition of inclusion or exclusion. In conclusion, patients with BPD displayed a negative bias toward perceived participation in social situations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

Patients with BPD have a biased perception for exclusion.
Virtual ball‐tossing games can be used to induce anger in patients with BPD.
Participating in a virtual ball‐tossing game may reduce levels of sadness in BPD in the short term.