bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Classification, morality and the DSM
Authors: Matravers Matt 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTThis paper considers the proposed revisions to the DSM revision 5. The article discusses the process of classification in general and its application to the DSM. The argument in part is that classification schemes are judged by their usefulness in advancing social practices. The DSM serves a number of different such practices—most obviously research and treatment—and these may make different demands on any scheme. The paper goes on to consider the ethical issues involved in classifying mental disorders and in changing existing classifications. A preliminary scheme of ethical issues in relation to false negatives, false positives and social issues is offered. Finally, the paper considers the wider implications of the proposed changes to the classification of personality disorders and whether these changes may have a ripple effect on our understanding of ourselves and others. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Will the new mental health strategy help to mainstream mental health?
Authors: Walton Ian , Hill Lisa 
Published: April 2011

AbstractMost of us will welcome the new mental health strategy for England No Health Without Mental Health,1 which aims to transform the mental health and well‐being of the nation with an ambition to mainstream mental health and achieve ‘parity of esteem’ with physical health. The aim is for mental health to be ‘everyone's business’ – including Local Government, employers, education and the third sector. Copyright © 2011 Wiley Interface Ltd
Choice of treatment for ADHD: are we doing enough?
Authors: Bates Gordon , Harpin Valerie , Sankar Sachin 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWhile patient choice is key when deciding on medication for patients with attention deficithyperactivity disorder (ADHD), doctors can sometimes unwittingly impose their views if the patient is unsure or unclear. Here, three specialists in the field discuss whether enough time is spent with patients examining and explaining the options, and if drugs are properly tailored to the needs of the patient. This discussion covers areas including approach to diagnosis and what factors should be considered when deciding on a particular drug treatment. Copyright © 2011 Wiley Interface Ltd
Single chain self‐assembly of well‐defined heterotelechelic polymers generated by ATRP and click chemistry revisited
Authors: Altintas Ozcan , Rudolph Tobias , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWell‐defined heterotelechelic poly(styrene) carrying thymine/diaminopyridine (DAP) (Mn,SEC = 9300, PDI = 1.04) and Hamilton wedge (HW)/cyanuric acid (CA) (Mn,SEC = 8200, PDI = 1.04) bonding motifs are prepared via a combination of controlled/living radical polymerization and copper catalyzed azide/alkyne “click” chemistry and are subsequently self‐assembled as single chains to emulate—on a simple level—the self‐folding behavior of natural biomacromolecules. Hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) in deuterated dichloromethane and dynamic light scattering analyses provides evidence for the hydrogen bonding interactions between the α‐thymine and ω‐DAP as well as α‐CA and ω‐HW chain ends of the heterotelechelic polymers leading to circular entropy driven single chain self‐assembly. This study demonstrates that the choice of NMR solvent is important for obtaining well‐resolved NMR spectra of the self‐assembled structures. In addition, steric effects on the HW can affect the efficiency of the self‐assembly process. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
Functionalization of polymeric surfaces by simple photoactivation of CH bonds
Authors: Xu Jing , Ma Yuhong , Xie Jingyi , Xu F.J. , Yang Wantai 
Published: April 2011

AbstractA universal photoassisted pathway to functionalize polymeric surfaces is presented by transferring the inert surface sp3 CH bonds into reactive groups, such as SO3H, NH2, SH, and COOH. The proposed method uses acetone as photoinitiator and different phenols with a para substituent XR as the reactants. Acetone excited by UV irradiation acts as a pair of scissors cutting both the surface CH bonds of the polymer substrate and the OH bonds of phenol, leading to the formation of carbon‐centered surface chain free radicals and oxygen‐centered phenoxy free radicals. By coupling of these two radicals, a variety of functional X groups with an R spacer from XR species of different phenol reactants were readily bonded to the polymeric surfaces, where phenol reactants included 4‐hydroxylbenzene sulfonic acid for SO3H, p‐aminophenol and tyramine for NH2, 4‐hydroxythiophenol for SH, and tyrosine for COOH. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
Effects of infant formula on cell homeostasis and cytokine levels in an in vivo and in vitro murine aspiration model
Authors: Pepiak Derek L. , Alcorn Joseph L. , Atkins Constance L. , Xue Hasen , Colasurdo Giuseppe N. , Khan Amir M. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractRationaleThe role of infant formula aspiration in lung injury has not been studied extensively. We evaluated the effects of a single infant formula aspiration into the lungs of mice and the effect of infant formula exposure on cell lines representing murine alveolar macrophages and type II epithelial cells.ObjectivesTo study the effects of exposure to infant formula on cell count histology and cytokine levels in an in vivo and in vitro model of aspiration.MethodsIn vivo: Juvenile mice received 2.5 µl/g of 50% infant formula intranasally. Bronchoalveolar lavage samples were collected at 1, 2, and 7 days after aspiration and evaluated for cell count and differential. In vitro: RAW 264.7 and MLE‐15 cells were exposed to 1% infant formula for 6 hr. Extracellular levels of IL‐6, TNF‐α, MIP‐2, and KC were measured in lavage fluid and cell media using ELISA assays.ResultsIn vivo: An increase in neutrophils, IL‐6 and KC levels were noted 24 hr after infant formula exposure. In vitro: An increase in TNF‐α levels from RAW 264.7 and MIP‐2 and KC levels from MLE‐15 cells was noted after infant formula exposure.ConclusionsA single aspiration of infant formula into the lungs leads to an acute inflammatory response involving both lung macrophages and epithelial cells. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2011; 46:927–933. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Portopulmonary hypertension secondary to congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt with heterotaxy and polysplenia: A cause of sudden death in an infant
Authors: Kobayashi Daisuke , Edwards Henry D. , Singh Jasmeet , Nadkarni Milan D. , Lantz Patrick E. , Cook Amanda L. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractCongenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt (CEPS) is associated with polysplenia and heterotaxy and can cause portopulmonary hypertension. We report a 12‐month‐old girl who acutely died likely due to portopulmonary hypertension secondary to CEPS associated with heterotaxy and polysplenia. A retrospective radiographic review following her autopsy identified an anatomical explanation for the acute death in an infant. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2011; 46:1041–1044. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Kallikrein‐related peptidase 4 gene (KLK4) in prostate tumors: Quantitative expression analysis and evaluation of its clinical significance
Authors: Avgeris Margaritis , Stravodimos Konstantinos , Scorilas Andreas 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBACKGROUNDRecently accumulating evidences underline the central role of the kallikrein‐related peptidases family (KLKs) in prostate cancer (PCa) development and progression. The KLK4 is a prostate highly expressed gene under the transcriptional control of androgens, encoding for the KLK4 extracellular serine protease. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression status of KLK4 in PCa patients in order to reveal its utility in PCa establishment and clinical management.METHODSProstatic tissue specimens were obtained from 60 PCa and 59 benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) randomly chosen patients. Using a developed quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR method, KLK4 expression levels were determined in the specimens of the two patients' cohorts. Advance biostatistical analysis was completed to explore the clinical value of KLK4 expression in PCa and BPH patients.RESULTSPCa patients presented a statistically significant (P = 0.002) elevation, more than threefold, of the KLK4 transcripts compared to BPH ones. The KLK4 expression levels were also positive correlated with PCa patients' stage (P = 0.031) and preoperative prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) serum concentrations (P < 0.001). ROC curve and logistic regression analysis revealed the significant (P = 0.002) and the independent (P = 0.044) clinical value of the KLK4 expression for the discrimination of PCa from BPH patients.CONCLUSIONSThe KLK4 expression analysis reveals its up‐regulation in PCa cells, which is significantly associated with the advanced stages of the disease and the patients' preoperative PSA serum levels. KLK4 quantification serves as an independent biomarker for the discrimination between the malignant and the benign nature of prostate tumors. Prostate 71:1780–1789, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impact of diabetes mellitus on the detection of prostate cancer via contemporary multi (≥12)‐core prostate biopsy
Authors: Hong Sung Kyu , Oh Jong Jin , Byun Seok‐Soo , Hwang Sung Il , Lee Hak Jong , Choe Gheeyoung , Lee Sang Eun 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBACKGROUNDCurrently, controversy continues regarding the association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and prostate cancer (PCa). We investigated the impact of DM in PCa detection among men who underwent contemporary multi‐core prostate biopsy.METHODSIn this retrospective study, we reviewed records of 3,925 men who underwent multi (≥12)‐core prostate biopsy at our institution. Biopsy outcomes were analyzed with respect to various variables, including DM, patient age, body mass index (BMI), prostate‐specific antigen (PSA), digital rectal exam (DRE) finding, ultrasound finding, and prostate volume.RESULTSAmong 3,925 subjects, 607 (15.5%) reported having DM at biopsy. Overall PCa was detected from biopsy in 1,387 (35.3%) patients, and high grade (biopsy Gleason score ≥7) PCa in 781 (19.9%). In multivariate analysis incorporating variables of patient age, BMI, PSA, DRE finding, ultrasound finding, and prostate volume, DM was observed to be significantly associated with higher odds of overall PCa detection via contemporary prostate biopsy (OR = 1.46, P = 0.019). When analyzed by tumor grade, DM was significantly associated with higher rate of high grade PCa detection from biopsy in multivariate analysis (OR = 1.54, P = 0.036) whereas DM and detection of low grade (biopsy Gleason score ≤6) PCa demonstrated no significant association (OR = 1.11, P = 0.558).CONCLUSIONSOur results showed DM was independently associated with the detection of high grade PCa via contemporary multi‐core prostate biopsy. Further investigations would be needed to elucidate exact biologic basis of relationship between the two diseases. Prostate 72:51–57, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bond order uniform grids for quantum reactive scattering
Authors: Rampino S. , Laganà A. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe adoption of evenly spaced grids in the so‐called bond order coordinates for the calculation of diatomic eigenfunctions in reactive scattering problems is investigated. These grids (used here for the first time in reactive dynamics) sample the accessible space better than traditional bond length coordinates. A comparison between the bond order and the bond length method on the test H + H2 system using an asymptotically Morse‐like potential singles out the advantages of adopting the former when a limited number of grid points is chosen. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 112:1818–1828, 2012
Bound‐states of diatomic molecules in the Dirac equation with the q‐deformed Morse potential
Authors: Agboola D. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWe present the solutions of the ro‐vibrational motion of a diatomic molecule with a spatially dependent mass by solving the Dirac equation with position‐dependent mass for repulsive vector
$V(r)$
and attractive scalar $S(r)$ q‐deformed Morse potential for any $\kappa$
value, within the framework of Pekeris approximation of the spin‐orbitcoupling term. The relativistic energy spectra are obtained using theNikiforov‐Uvarov method and the two‐component spinor wavefunctions are obtained in terms of the Laguerre polynomials. It is found that there exist only negative energy states for bound states, and the energy values for a fixed value of $n_r$
increase with decrease in $\kappa$. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2012
Full spin and spatial symmetry adapted technique for correlated electronic hamiltonians: Application to an icosahedral cluster
Authors: Sahoo Shaon , Ramasesha S. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractOne of the long standing problems in quantum chemistry had been the inability to exploit full spatial and spin symmetry of an electronic Hamiltonian belonging to a non‐Abelian point group. Here, we present a general technique which can utilize all the symmetries of an electronic (magnetic) Hamiltonian to obtain its full eigenvalue spectrum. This is a hybrid method based on Valence Bond basis and the basis of constant z‐component of the total spin. This technique is applicable to systems with any point group symmetry and is easy to implement on a computer. We illustrate the power of the method by applying it to a model icosahedral half‐filled electronic system. This model spans a huge Hilbert space (dimension 1,778,966) and in the largest non‐Abelian point group. The C60 molecule has this symmetry and hence our calculation throw light on the higher energy excited states of the bucky ball. This method can also be utilized to study finite temperature properties of strongly correlated systems within an exact diagonalization approach. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2012
State‐ and property‐specific quantum chemistry: Basic characteristics, and sample applications to atomic, molecular, and metallic ground and excited states of beryllium
Authors: Nicolaides Cleanthes A. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractMany problems in Atomic and Molecular Physics can be understood conceptually and quantitatively by using symmetry‐adapted, state‐specific wavefunctions whose computation is geared so as to account for at least those parts which describe reliably the characteristics of closed‐and open‐(sub)shell electronic structures that contribute overwhelmingly to the property or phenomenon of interest. If additional terms in the wavefunction are required by the problem, this is feasible via methods of configuration‐interaction or low‐order perturbation theory. This is the main argument of the state‐ and property‐specific approach (SPSA) to Quantum Chemistry. In this framework, the aim is to obtain the state wavefunction, Ψn, in the form a0Ψ + Φ, where a0 ≈ 1. Ψ is a state‐specific zero‐order description of ground and excited states of the discrete as well as of the continuous spectrum. In general, it is multiconfigurational and its construction follows from the “Fermi‐sea” set of orbitals. The Ψ is used as reference for analysis and/or for further improvement of the overall calculation, if necessary. The level of accuracy of the computation of the remaining Φ depends on the property under investigation. The arguments are supported by characteristic examples on ground and excited states of atomic, molecular and metallic Beryllium. Some of these SPSA results are compared with results from more conventional methods of electronic structure. Special attention is given to the weak bond of the Be2 X1Σ state, which has attracted the interest of quantum chemists for decades. By asserting that the formation of the bond at about 2.5 A˚´ is influenced by the interactions involving excited states, I point to the corresponding significance in zero‐order (“Fermi‐sea”) not only of p‐waves but also of d‐waves whose origin is in the valence‐Rydberg state mixing of the lowest 1D and 1Po states of Be. Therefore, the “Fermi‐sea” (“active space”) is represented by the Be set of {2s,2p,3s,3p,3d} orbitals. The initially heuristic predictions are supported by calculations (using the MOLPRO code) of the lowest seven Be21Σ states, whose Ψ are obtained at the state‐averaged complete active space self‐consistent field level. These results are verified by the computation of a0Ψ + Φ at the MRCISD level, where indeed a0 ≈ 1 over the whole potential energy curve. This type of analysis and the corresponding results imply that by a properly justified choice of the zero‐order orbital set, the origin of the Be2 bond is to be found in “nondynamical” – type correlations. This conclusion differs from that of Schmidt et al. [J Phys Chem A, 2010, 114, 8687], who argued that the formation of the Be2 weak bond should be attributed exclusively to “dynamical” correlations that are defined with respect to the {2s,2p} “active space” associated with the Be 1S ground state. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 111:3347–3361, 2011
CREATING AND EVALUATING DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL‐BASED STREAM‐POWER MAP AS A STREAM ASSESSMENT TOOL
Authors: Vocal Ferencevic M. , Ashmore P. 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTAs urban development increases, a need is emerging to understand and predict river behaviour in order to focus rehabilitation efforts and protect the natural river system while preserving urban infrastructure. Stream assessment methods are reviewed to demonstrate the need for a physically based and objective method that is also accessible in terms of time, data requirements and expertise. The case of Highland Creek near Toronto, Canada, is used to demonstrate a new type of initial stream assessment method that is based on the concept of stream power and performed entirely in a geographic information system using information from a digital elevation model (DEM). The results from this analysis are tested against existing information for Highland Creek. This includes a hydraulic model (Hydraulic Engineering Center's ‘River Analysis System’), field‐measured slopes, air photos and the geomorphic effects of an extreme flood. In addition, the results are presented in map form to demonstrate the effectiveness of visualizing the stream‐power distribution over the entire basin and also the usefulness of overlaying stream power onto other available information. The slopes extracted from the DEM are found to be statistically similar to those from a one‐dimensional hydraulic model and field‐measured slopes. Individual peaks in slope as well as locations of stream‐power maxima and minima are found to correlate to actual channel features as seen in air photos. The extreme flood event of August 2005 caused a dramatic change in channel form at the exact location of maximum energy predicted by the DEM‐based stream‐power analysis. The case of Highland Creek illustrates how this approach yields a useful outcome for understanding stream dynamics and stability as part of a stream assessment process. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
When does corporate venture capital add value for new ventures?
Authors: Park Haemin Dennis , Steensma H. Kevin 
Published: April 2011

AbstractNew ventures face a trade‐off when considering corporate venture capital (CVC) funding. Corporate investors can provide complementary assets that enhance the commercialization of new venture technologies. However, tight links with a particular corporate investor has drawbacks and may constrain new ventures from accessing complementary assets from diverse sources in an open market. Taking this trade‐off into account, we explore conditions under which CVC funding is beneficial to new ventures. Using a sample of computer, semiconductor, and wireless ventures, we find that CVC funding is particularly beneficial for new ventures when they require specialized complementary assets or operate in uncertain environments. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigation of indoor aerosols collected at various educational institutions in Debrecen, Hungary
Authors: Szoboszlai Z. , Furu E. , Angyal A. , Szikszai Z. , Kertész Zs. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIn this study, atmospheric aerosol concentration levels in two schools (a primary and a secondary grammar) and a kindergarten were investigated. The selected institutions are located close to the center of Debrecen, where the traffic density is rather high. Coarse and fine mass concentrations (PM), elemental composition and mass size distributions were determined in the selected microenvironments. These were different classrooms, school yards, gymnasiums, a computer lab, a chemical lab and a so‐called salt room. The elemental composition (for Z ≥ 13) was determined by PIXE. In all cases, the coarse concentrations of PM were found to be higher inside the educational buildings than in the outer air. In every case, the indoor PM10 concentrations exceeded the EU air quality standard. The fine and coarse elemental concentrations did not exhibit marked variability in the selected microenvironments. On the basis of the mass size distribution, we found significant differences between the two rooms of the kindergarten. On the basis of the mass size distribution data, a stochastic lung deposition model was used to calculate the total and regional deposition efficiencies of the different types of particles along the human respiratory system. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Speciation and determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in water by energy‐dispersive PIXE analysis
Authors: Thomyasirigul S. , Fukuda H. , Hasegawa J. , Oguri Y. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractRecently, water contamination by Cr(VI) has resulted in serious environmental problems. Therefore, many countries are changing the regulation of water quality standard from total chromium to Cr(VI). This study was conducted to develop a sample preparation method for the determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in water by energy‐dispersive proton‐induced X‐ray emission spectrometry. Whatman ion exchange celluloses (P81 and DE81) were used for separation and pre‐concentration of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) species by filtration, respectively. The dependences of the limit of detection for both chemical species on the incident proton energy, beam current, and measuring time were examined. The accuracy and precision of the proposed method were determined. The results showed that the proposed method allows the separation and determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) with a high accuracy and precision. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new colour assay for [URE3] prion in a genetic background used to score for the [PSI+] prion
Authors: Hong Joo Y. , Mathur Vidhu , Liebman Susan W. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractMost scoring assays for yeast prions are dependent on specific genetic markers and constructs that differ for each prion. Here we describe a simple colour assay for the [URE3] prion that works in the 74D‐964 strain frequently used to score the [PSI+] prion. Although this assay can only be used to score for [URE3] in the [psi−] version of the strain, it makes it easier to examine the effects of host mutations or environmental changes on [URE3] or [PSI+] using a colour assay in the identical genetic background. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.