bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L'agilité stratégique : une question de dispositif intelligent
Authors: Moinet Nicolas 
Published: March 2012

Résumé Depuis une dizaine d’années, les chercheurs et les praticiens qui travaillent sur la maîtrise de l’information stratégique prennent pour référent un cadre d’analyse et d’organisation appelé cycle du renseignement (ou « intelligence cycle »). La philosophie du système est celle du maillon faible. Quel que soit son domaine d’application, ce cycle permet d’optimiser la chaîne besoins – collecte – traitement – diffusion qui permet de générer des connaissances utiles à la prise de décision et à l’obtention d’un avantage concurrentiel ou stratégique. Cependant, plusieurs cas incitent à relativiser l’apport de ce cycle, ou plus exactement, sa prééminence. En prenant appui sur trois cas d’école – les attentats du 11 septembre 2001, l’échec de la candidature parisienne à l’organisation des JO 2012 et la prise de contrôle d’Havas par Vincent Bolloré –, nous montrerons que la pertinence de ce cycle tactique n’a de sens que pris dans un schéma de niveau stratégique : la boucle Observation – Orientation – Décision – Action. Cette boucle OODA nous amène alors à penser la maîtrise de l’information stratégique en termes de couple agilité/paralysie.
De la performance application au cas de l'intelligence économique (I.E) et du management des connaissances (K.M)
Authors: Bretonès Daniel , Saïd Antoine 
Published: March 2012

Résumé Ce papier analyse la différence entre deux domaines importants de la recherche : l’I.E. et le K.M. Il propose un cadre de compréhension de la complémentarité entre ces deux domaines. Après une revue de la littérature, nous montrons que l’I.E. et le K.M. sont deux facettes complémentaires d’une même problématique, au service de la performance de l’entreprise. Alors que l’I.E. se focalise sur la connaissance explicite, le K.M. englobe simultanément les deux types de connaissance : tacite et explicite. Les deux concepts mettent en valeur l’apprentissage, l’innovation, la prise de décision et la compréhension par utilisation de processus similaires. Ces processus vont de la recherche (de l’information) à l’analyse et l’interprétation (connaissance) en passant par le partage, la collaboration et l’apprentissage, la finalité des deux concepts étant d’accroître la capacité d’absorption de l’organisation. L’intégration demandée entre ces deux concepts (I.E. et K.M), pose la question de savoir lequel des deux concepts englobe le second.
Les effets de pôle de croissance de l'industrie spatiale européenne sur l'économie de la Guyane française
Authors: Rosele Chim Paul 
Published: March 2012

Résumé Les entreprises qui constituent ce que l’on désigne par « pôle de croissance », sont souvent concentrées dans l’espace national. En France Métropolitaine, leur localisation est particulièrement marquée dans certaines régions. Les industries militaires forment l’exemple le plus probant. Par contre, en Outre Mer, la localisation de ces industries confère aux régions le caractère d’une économie massivement concentrée dont l’activité recouvre une part très importante de la production marchande locale. La Nouvelle-Calédonie constitue un exemple illustratif avec l’industrie du nickel. En 2004, sa production représentait 4,4% de la production mondiale (1,26 million de tonnes). La demande mondiale augmentant de 4 à 5% par an, en 2010, la production sera multipliée par 3,5 (CEROM)[2005]. La Guyane française, avec l’industrie spatiale européenne est caractéristique d’un modèle de croissance et de développement. Sur une trentaine d’années, l’industrie spatiale a lancé pas moins de 468 engins spatiaux et 60 ballons-sonde. Ce pôle de croissance entretient des liens quantitatifs et qualitatifs avec l’économie de la Guyane. Il active le développement régional.
Quelles PME pour les politiques d'innovation ?
Authors: Carré Denis 
Published: March 2012

Résumé On propose dans ce papier de renverser la thématique générale « quelles politiques de soutien aux PME innovantes ? » en s’interrogeant sur la « complexité » du monde de la PME. En effet, une partie des difficultés ressenties dans la mise en place et le développement des politiques tient au fait que face à ces outils, la population des PME est fort hétérogène et située dans des environnements (infrastructures technologiques et scientifiques entre autres) également contrastés. Par ailleurs, on n’ignore plus qu’une large partie des processus d’innovation implique le développement de coopérations multiformes. Le papier propose donc de s’interroger tout particulièrement sur les fondements, la nature et les processus de mise en œuvre des politiques collectives de soutien à l’innovation. Pour illustrer ce papier, on analyse le cas de quelques réseaux localisés de PME dans lesquels des soutiens à l’innovation ont été mis en œuvre à travers différentes actions (veille technologique, transfert de technologie, soutien à l’innovation, etc.).
La Chambre de Commerce et d'Industrie comme Centre de Services Partagés : soutien et générateur de démarches industrielles innovantes
Authors: Banoun Arnaud , Bright Marie-Jeanne 
Published: March 2012

Résumé Pour faire face aux changements de politique des donneurs d’ordre qui attendent aujourd’hui des offres globales et une forte capacité d’innovation, en Auvergne, des entreprises de la sous-traitance aéronautique, notamment de la mécanique, se sont regroupées au sein du réseau AVIA. La structuration de ce réseau, soutenue par la Chambre de Commerce et d’Industrie Clermont-Ferrand/Issoire a pour but d’afficher la Région comme quatrième pôle aéronautique français. Dans ce contexte, la CCI va jouer un rôle déterminant. Conjointement, la région Auvergne s’est lancée dans un projet de création du premier pôle européen de gestion globale et centralisée d’actifs aéronautiques OASIS appelé aujourd’hui AIRSET. Cette dynamique a permis à la Région d’être très réactive lors de l’appel à candidatures lancé par l’Etat pour labelliser les pôles de compétitivité associant recherche, formation et entreprises. Elle a ainsi pu faire émerger dans la filière mécanique le pôle de compétitivité ViaMéca, sur lequel le réseau AVIA s’est greffé. Notre analyse tend à montrer d’une part, que la mission de la CCI ne se limite pas seulement à un rôle d’intermédiation, mais qu’elle a la particularité d’assurer une véritable fonction de Centre de Services Partagés (CSP). D’autre part, en proposant un cadre formalisé pour le partage d’une même ressource collective, le soutien de la CCI favorise le potentiel d’innovation du réseau en mettant en lumière le concept d’« apprentissage coopérationnel ».
Soutien aux PME innovantes : le problème de l'accès à un financement pérenne
Authors: Truel Jean-Louis 
Published: March 2012

Résumé L’accès à un financement pérenne est l’un des problèmes auxquels sont confrontées les entreprises innovantes. De nombreux dispositifs ont été mis en place pour aider ces entreprises, notamment les PME : subventions directes, crédits d’impôts, exemptions d’impôts et de charges sociales... Cependant ces dispositifs sont trop nombreux, donc mal connus par les bénéficiaires potentiels, restreints à un nombre petit nombre d’entreprises, et limités dans le temps. En même temps, l’accès au crédit bancaire traditionnel est de plus en plus difficile et le financement par le capital-risque se limite à un petit nombre de sociétés. Cela conduit à la coexistence d’un sur-financement pour certaines sociétés alors que la majorité des entreprises innovantes est confrontée à un manque de ressources. Cet article examine les difficultés rencontrées et suggère quelques pistes de réflexion, souvent inspirées d’expériences étrangères, pour les surmonter.
Patelloplasty Versus Traditional Total Knee Arthroplasty for Osteoarthritis
Authors: Sun Ye-qing , Yang Bo , Tong Song-lin , Sun Jian , Zhu Yu-chang 
Published: March 2012

The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical effects of patelloplasty and traditional patellar management in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for osteoarthritis. A total of 152 patients with osteoarthritis treated with TKA between January 2004 and December 2005 were retrospectively studied. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: the patelloplasty group (group A; n=76) and the traditional treatment group (group B; n=76). Knee Society Score (KSS), Feller patellar score, Lonner patellar score, patient satisfaction, joint range of motion (ROM), and incidence of postoperative anterior knee pain were compared between the groups.
Mean follow-up was 55 months (range, 48–71 months) for 132 patients, including 68 patients in group A and 64 in group B. Significant differences were found in KSS functional score, Feller patellar score, Lonner patellar score, and patient satisfaction, but no significant differences were found in ROM and total KSS score between the groups postoperatively. Group A obtained higher KSS scores and patient satisfaction than group B, with no significant difference in postoperative anterior knee pain. Postoperative radiographs revealed a significant difference in patellofemoral congruence between the groups.
Patelloplasty relieves pain, enhances patient satisfaction, and improves function better than traditional patellar management in TKA with patellar nonresurfacing.
Orthopedic Specialty Hospitals: Centers of Excellence or Greed Machines?
Authors: Badlani Neil , Boden Scott , Phillips Frank 
Published: March 2012

Orthopedic specialty hospitals have recently been the subject of debate. They are patient-centered, physician-friendly health care alternatives that take advantage of the economic efficiencies of specialization. Medically, they provide a higher quality of care and increase patient and physician satisfaction. Economically, they are more efficient and profitable than general hospitals. They also positively affect society through the taxes they pay and the beneficial aspects of the competition they provide to general hospitals. Their ability to provide a disruptive innovation to the existing hospital industry will lead to lower costs and greater access to health care.
However, critics say that physician ownership presents potential conflicts of interest and leads to overuse of medical care. Some general hospitals are suffering as a result of unfair specialty hospital practices, and a few drastic medical complications have occurred at specialty hospitals. Specialty hospitals have been scrutinized for increasing the inequality of health care and continue to be a target of government regulations.
In this article, the pros and cons are examined, and the Emory Orthopaedics and Spine Hospital is analyzed as an example. Orthopedic specialty hospitals provide excellent care and are great assets to society. Competition between specialty and general hospitals has provided added value to patients and taxpayers. However, physicians must take more responsibility in their appropriate and ethical leadership. It is critical to recognize financial conflicts of interest, disclose ownership, and act ethically. Patient care cannot be compromised. With thoughtful and efficient leadership, specialty hospitals can be an integral part of improving health care in the long term.
Rotating-hinge Total Knee for Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Bistolfi Alessandro , Massazza Giuseppe , Rosso Federica , Crova Maurizio 
Published: March 2012

Rotating-hinge knee implants are used for revision total knee arthroplasty in patients with severe ligament instability and bone loss. This study evaluated the outcomes of a series of rotating-hinge knees.
Thirty-one NexGen Rotating Hinge Knees (Zimmer, Warsaw, Indiana) were implanted in 29 patients (2 bilateral), with an average age of 72.8 years. Indications for surgery were aseptic loosening (n=23), septic loosenings (n=4), tibiofemoral instability (n=3), and wear (n=1). The Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Score and the Knee Society Roentgenographic Evaluation System were used. Statistical and cumulative survival rate analyses were performed. Average follow-up was 60.3 months (range, 32–100 months). The Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Score results indicated statistically significant improvement; the total score increased from 65.5 preoperatively to 88.4 postoperatively. Average range of motion increased from 90.9° preoperatively to 114.4° postoperatively. Radiographs showed no periprosthetic bone fractures or implant ruptures. Radiolucent lines were found in 20 of 26 patients and were progressive in 2 (both revised). Complications occurred in 10 patients.
The rigidity of the hinge may be associated with a risk of aseptic loosening due to the increased stress transfer to the bone from the prosthesis through the locked hinge. Rotating-hinge knee implants provided acceptable mid-term outcomes for revision knee surgery with ligamentous instability. They are not at higher risk for early loosening unless short tibial stems are used. The high percentage of failures is more related to the complex surgery and to the status of the patients than to the hinged mechanism.
Ulnar Fracture With Late Radial Head Dislocation: Delayed Monteggia Fracture
Authors: Stitgen Andrea , McCarthy James J. , Nemeth Blaise A. , Garrels Kathryn , Noonan Kenneth J. 
Published: March 2012

Monteggia fractures are rare but commonly discussed lesions, with increasing complications due to late diagnosis. This article describes a case of a Monteggia fracture with delayed dislocation of the radial head. Previous radiographs of a 2-year 8-month-old boy show complete fracture of the distal ulna, with no radial head dislocation. The radial head remained well positioned after 4 weeks. Seven years later, he sustained another arm injury. He was diagnosed with a hematoma but was later believed to have nursemaid’s elbow. He presented to our institution 5 weeks after the injury, and the radial head was found to be chronically dislocated, indicating a displacement occurring sometime during the past 7 years. After failing conservative treatment, the patient underwent surgical repair. The annular ligament was reconstructed using a harvested triceps fascia band, and an ulnar osteotomy was performed.
A review of the literature found few reports of delayed Monteggia fractures, which accounted the delayed dislocations to ulnar angulation. However, our patient showed minimal ulnar angular deformity. We propose that the initial fracture disrupted the annular ligament and the radial head spontaneously relocated prior to being seen, which put the radial head at risk for later dislocation. We present an alternative hypothesis of dislocation after fracture healing and report the longest known period of delay between fracture and dislocation.
Le « CV multilingue automatisé »
Authors: Terrier Linda , Vaillant Sirdey Christine , Arino Mathilde 
Published: March 2012

De par leur mission d’insertion professionnelle, les IUT ont depuis longtemps inscrit dans leurs programmes pédagogiques nationaux l’élaboration du curriculum vitae en langue(s) étrangère(s). La politique de mobilité internationale encourage aujourd’hui toutes les formations universitaires du secteur LANSAD à intégrer la création d’un CV dans leur formation en langue.La rédaction d’un CV, déjà complexe en langue maternelle, réclame pour d’autres langues la maîtrise de savoir-faire spécifiques à la culture considérée et de contenus linguistiques hautement spécialisés.L’application web « CV multilingue automatisé » décrite dans cet article propose une approche innovante de cette tâche, en fonction des principes clés suivants : l’automatisation de la création du CV, la spécialisation des contenus, l’enrichis-sement de la base de données par travail collaboratif, la modération des contenus par un groupe d’experts et la promotion du plurilinguisme.
Is RSBY India's platform to implementing universal hospital insurance?
Authors: Dror David M. , Vellakkal Sukumar 
Published: March 2012

Background & objectives:
In 2008, India's Labour Ministry launched a hospital insurance scheme called Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY) covering ‘Below Poverty Line’ (BPL) households. RSBY is implemented through insurance companies; premiums are subsidized by Union and States governments (75 : 25%). We examined RSBY's enrolment of BPL, costs vs. budgets and policy ramifications.

Methods:
Numbers of BPL are obtained by following criteria of two committees appointed for this task. District-specific premiums are weighted to obtain national average premiums. Using the BPL estimates and national premiums, we calculated overall expected costs of full roll-out of the RSBY per annum, and compared it to Union government budget allocations.

Results:
By March 31, 2011, RSBY enrolled about 27.8 per cent of the number of BPL households following the Tendulkar Committee estimates (37.6% following the Lakdawala Committee criteria). The average national weighted premium was

JOURNAL/ijmer/04.03/02223309-201235010-00012/math_12MM1/v/2022-09-30T171233Z/r/image-tiff

530 per household per year in 2011. The expected cost of premium to the union government of enrolling the entire BPL population in financial year (FY) 2010-11 would be

JOURNAL/ijmer/04.03/02223309-201235010-00012/math_12MM2/v/2022-09-30T171233Z/r/image-tiff

33.5 billion using Tendulkar count of BPL (or

JOURNAL/ijmer/04.03/02223309-201235010-00012/math_12MM3/v/2022-09-30T171233Z/r/image-tiff

24.6 billion following Lakdawala count), representing about 0.3 per cent (or 0.2%, respectively) of the total union budget. The RSBY budget allocation for FY 2010-11 was only about 0.037 per cent of the total union budget, sufficient to pay premiums of only 34 per cent of the BPL households enrolled by March 31, 2011.

Interpretation & conclusions:
RSBY could be the platform for universal health insurance when (i) the budget allocation will match the required funds for maintenance and expansion of the scheme; (ii) the scheme would ensure that beneficiaries’ rights are legally anchored; and (iii) RSBY would attract large numbers of premium-paying (non-BPL) households.
Chromosomal abnormalities & oxidative stress in women with premature ovarian failure (POF)
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Pathak Dhananjay , Venkatesh Sundararajan , Kriplani Alka , Ammini A.C. , Dada Rima 
Published: March 2012

Background & objectives:
Premature ovarian failure (POF) is defined as the cessation of ovarian function under the age of 40 yr and is characterized by amenorrhoea, hypoestrogenism and elevated serum gonadotrophin levels. The cause of POF remains undetermined in majority of the cases. This study was aimed to investigate the type and frequency of cytogenetic abnormalities in patients with idiopathic POF and also to study the role of oxidative stress in such cases.

Methods:
Seventy five women with idiopathic POF were included in this study. Chromosome analysis was done in peripheral blood lymphocytes by conventional GTG banding to identify numerical or structural abnormalities. Cytogenetically normal cases were investigated for reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in their blood by luminol-chemiluminescence assay.

Results:
Eighteen chromosomal anomalies were identified in POF patients (24%). Majority of the cases were found to have X-chromosome abnormalities (28%). Overall median ROS range was found to be significantly higher (P<0.01) in POF patients [50480 (120,132966) RLU/min] compared to controls [340 (120,5094) RLU/min]. Among these, 50 per cent of the POF patients had higher ROS levels, 20 per cent had medium elevation and 30 per cent were found to have normal values comparable to controls.

Interpretation & conclusions:
X-chromosome anomalies were found to be the major contributor of POF. Oxidative stress may be the underlying aetiology in idiopathic premature ovarian failure. Thus the results of this study highlight the role of cytogenetic abnormalities and supraphysiological levels of ROS in causation of idiopathic POF. But the role of oxidative stress needs to be confirmed by other studies on patients from different geographical areas and from different ethnicities.
High‐Altitude Pulmonary Hypertension in Cattle (Brisket Disease): Candidate Genes and Gene Expression Profiling of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
Authors: Newman John H. , Holt Timothy N. , Hedges Lora K. , Womack Bethany , Memon Shafia S. , Willers Elisabeth D. , Wheeler Lisa , Phillips John A. , Hamid Rizwan 
Published: March 2012

High‐altitude pulmonary hypertension (HAPH) is a consequence of chronic alveolar hypoxia, leading to hypoxic vasoconstriction and remodeling of the pulmonary circulation. Brisket disease in cattle is a naturally occurring animal model of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. Genetically susceptible cattle develop severe pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure at altitudes >7,000 ft. No information currently exists regarding the identity of the pathways and gene(s) responsible for HAPH or influencing severity. We hypothesized that initial insights into the pathogenesis of the disease could be discovered by a strategy of (1) sequencing of functional candidates revealed by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis and (2) gene expression profiling of affected cattle compared with altitude‐matched normal controls, with gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA). We isolated blood from a single herd of Black Angus cattle of both genders, aged 12–18 months, by jugular vein puncture. Mean pulmonary arterial pressures were 85.6±13 mmHg STD in the 10 affected and 35.3±1.2 mmHg STD in the 10 resistant cattle, P<0.001. From peripheral blood mononuclear cells, DNA was hybridized to an Affymetrix 10K Gene Chip SNP, and RNA was used to probe an Affymetrix Bovine genome array. SNP loci were remapped using the Btau 4.0 bovine genome assembly. mRNA data was analyzed by the Partek software package to identify sets of genes with an expression that was statistically different between the two groups. GSEA and IPA were conducted on the refined expression data to identify key cellular pathways and to generate networks and conduct functional analyses of the pathways and networks. Ten SNPs were identified by allelelic association and four candidate genes were sequenced in the cohort. Neither endothelial nitric oxide synthetase, NADH dehydrogenase, TG‐interacting factor‐2 nor BMPR2 were different among affected and resistant cattle. A 60‐gene mRNA signature was identified that differentiated affected from unaffected cattle. Forty‐six genes were overexpressed in the affected and 14 genes were downregulated in the affected cattle by at least 20%. GSEA and Ingenuity analysis identified respiratory diseases, inflammatory diseases and pathways as the top diseases and disorders (P<5.14×10−14), cell development and cell signaling as the top cellular functions (P<1.20×10−08), and IL6, TREM, PPAR, NFkB cell signaling (P<8.69×10−09) as the top canonical pathways associated with this gene signature. This study provides insights into differences in RNA expression in HAPH at a molecular level, and eliminates four functional gene candidates. Further studies are needed to validate and refine these preliminary findings and to determine the role of transcribed genes in the development of HAPH.