bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional analysis of molecular interactions between Pseudomonas fluorescens strain TDK1, Oryza sativa and Cnaphalocrocis medinalis
Authors: Saveetha K. , Karthiba L. , Raveendran M. , Saravanakumar D. , Raguchander T. , Samiyappan R. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractRice leaffolder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is a devastating insect pest posing major threat to rice cultivation. Plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens strain TDK1 was found to induce high degree of resistance in rice plants against leaffolder insect through Induced Systemic Resistance in our previous studies. Thus the present study was aimed to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in P. fluorescens TDK1‐mediated host plant resistance against leaffolder infestation on rice. Transcript profiling was done through DD‐RT‐PCR method in leaffolder‐infested rice plants that were treated with and without Pf TDK1. A total of 3500 transcripts were displayed, of which 165 transcripts exhibited differential expression during rice–Pf TDK1–leaffolder interactions. The differential transcripts were 58 in Pf TDK1‐treated + leaffolder‐challenged, 51 in leaffolderinfested and 56 in Pf TDK1‐treated rice leaf sheath tissues. Annotation and mapping of differentially expressed genes onto metabolic pathways revealed the interaction of leaffolder and Pf TDK1 in rice plant at the molecular level. Furthermore, Pf TDK1 induced over‐expression of genes found to regulate the diverse metabolic processes by the selective integration of defensive signals in rice plants.
Liberating the wanderers: using technology to unlock doors for those living with dementia
Authors: Wigg Johanna M. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThis paper focuses on surveillance technologies applied to wandering elders in dementia care facilities in the United States. Drawing on data collected in two long‐term care settings, I examine how different forms of technology (e.g. locked doors and motion detectors) are used to monitor wanderers in the context of managing risk. In contrast to the locked facility that defined wandering as pathology, the care facility that defined wandering as purposeful and therapeutic improved wanderers’ sense of wellbeing and agency. The comparison of the two environments challenges the medicalisation of wandering and suggests a need to redefine approaches to safe wandering that incorporate technologies that monitor but do not confine residents. I argue that surveillance technologies such as locked doors dehumanise and frighten individuals by halting their ability to exit. In contrast, surveillance technologies such as motion detectors may offer increased quality of life and health benefits by allowing individuals to wander safely in the company of a care provider. Efforts to allow individuals to wander safely challenge both the medicalisation of this behaviour as well as the tendency to emphasise its riskiness.
Surgery for temporal lobe epilepsy associated with mesial temporal sclerosis in the older patient: A long‐term follow‐up
Authors: Murphy Michael , Smith Paul D. , Wood Martin , Bowden Stephen , O’Brien Terence J. , Bulluss Kristian J. , Cook Mark J. 
Published: February 2010

SummaryPurpose:  To assess the outcomes from temporal lobectomy for hippocampal sclerosis in patients 50 years or older. Controversy exists as to the suitability of older patients for epilepsy surgery, with most of the previous studies demonstrating a correlation between increasing age and poor outcome. However, the inclusion of temporal lobe epilepsy of multiple etiologies has confounded many previous studies of this age group.Methods:  Twenty‐one patients aged 50 years or older (mean 54.9 years) at the time of surgery were included in the study group. All patients had a pathologic diagnosis of hippocampal sclerosis. A retrospective analysis was performed comparing seizure outcomes following a standardized anterior temporal lobectomy with those from 103 patients younger than 50 (mean age 34.7 years) operated upon over the same time period. The mean follow‐up period for the study was 9.57 years.Results:  Twenty of the 21 patients in the older group (95.2%) had a satisfactory seizure outcome (Engel classes I and II) compared with 90.3% of the younger patients. There was no statistically significant difference in the outcomes between the two groups (p = 0.719). Across both groups of patients combined, there was no significant difference between the mean age in the patients with a satisfactory seizure outcome compared to those with an unsatisfactory outcome (38.3 vs. 34.7 years, p = 0.213).Discussion:  Patients 50 years or older with intractable seizures from hippocampal sclerosis have seizure outcomes following temporal lobectomy that are comparable to young patients over the long term. Older patients should not be denied treatment on the basis of age.
Epileptic phenotypes in children with respiratory chain disorders
Authors: El Sabbagh Sandra , Lebre Anne‐Sophie , Bahi‐Buisson Nadia , Delonlay Pascale , Soufflet Christine , Boddaert Nathalie , Rio Marlène , Rötig Agnès , Dulac Olivier , Munnich Arnold , Desguerre Isabelle 
Published: February 2010

SummaryPurpose:  Epilepsy is a commonly reported but rarely described clinical hallmark of mitochondrial respiratory chain defects (RCDs) with encephalopathy.Methods:  From 1990–2006 we collected data about 56 children with RCD (single, n = 24 or multiple, n = 20 mitochondrial complex deficiencies; mtDNA mutation, n = 11; mtDNA depletion n = 10 of 21; and nuclear gene mutation n = 11). Epileptic features were reviewed retrospectively.Results:  First seizures were frequently (47 patients, 82.5%) preceded by failure to thrive, psychomotor delay, ataxia, or multisystemic dysfunction. Sixty percent of the patients had several seizure types. Six age‐related epilepsy phenotypes could be identified: status epilepticus complicating neonatal multivisceral deficiency (2 patients), neonatal myoclonic encephalopathy (3 patients), infantile spasms (8 patients), refractory or recurrent status epilepticus (21 patients), epilepsia partialis continua (4 patients), and myoclonic epilepsy (18 patients). Except for infantile spasms, epilepsy was difficult to control in most patients (95%). Valproate was administered to 25 patients, one of whom developed acute liver failure 6 days later. Twenty‐two patients (45%) died, half of them within 9 months from the onset of epilepsy.Discussion:  In RCD, epilepsy is not only difficult to control but its occurrence often indicates a severe turn in the course of the disease. For one‐third of the patients, classical biochemical measures failed to reveal any abnormality and RCD could be detected in the liver only.
Patient Recall in Advanced Education in Prosthodontics Programs in the United States
Authors: Afshari Fatemeh S. , Koslow Alyson H. , Knoernschild Kent L. , Sukotjo Cortino 
Published: February 2010

Abstract Purpose: This study surveyed program directors of Advanced Education Programs in Prosthodontics (AEPP) in the United States to determine the extent, type, incidence, and perceived effectiveness of implemented recall systems. Material and Methods: Surveys were sent to AEPP directors across the United States to assess their program's recall protocol. This survey first identified whether an active recall program existed. For programs with recall systems, rigor in promoting ongoing oral health was surveyed by focusing on recall frequency, patient tracking protocol, involved personnel, interaction with other university departments, provided clinical procedures, and therapy completion protocol. Whether the directors perceived that their recall system was successful was also investigated. Results: Thirty‐three of 46 programs responded, giving a response rate of 72%. Of these 33 programs, only 21 (64%) had an active recall system, although 30 (91%) believed recall to be important. Twelve (57%) directors with recall programs considered their system to be effective. Conclusions: Prosthodontic program directors felt their program's recall effectiveness could be improved. Due to the numerous potential benefits of an active recall system, AEPPs should consider implementing or enhancing their recall programs. Further studies are indicated to determine specific criteria that describe an effective recall system for prosthodontic programs within the context of patient health promotion, program curriculum, and financial ramifications.
Fe3+ Ions Acting as Probes and Agents in Aggregation Processes and Solid‐State Reactions in AlO(OH)/Al2O3 Matrices
Authors: Stößer Reinhard , Feist Michael , Menzel Michael , Nofz Marianne 
Published: February 2010

The fate of doped iron species during various mechanically and thermally initiated redox reactions and aggregation processes in crystalline and amorphous AlO(OH) or Al2O3 matrices was investigated. The amorphization of the matrix was performed by chemical (i.e., via sol–gel processes) or mechanochemical treatment (high‐energy ball milling). Thermal analysis, coupled with mass spectrometry (TA‐MS), Mössbauer spectroscopy, and electron spin resonance (ESR), was used. The TA under various gas atmospheres allowed preparing samples under a controlled temperature regime, together with a controlled gas influence. Both the effect of mechanical activation and the influence of the iron doping could be followed macroscopically via the down‐shift of the peak temperature of the corundum formation. The ESR data characterize the Fe3+ ions and their interaction with the magnetic surrounding based on the fine structure parameters. The Mössbauer data allowed the characterization of the Fe(0), Fe2+, and Fe3+ species, together with providing information about their coordinative surrounding. Both methods provided general complementary spectroscopical information. Unexpectedly, (FeOx)n and (FexAl1−x)2O3 aggregates could also be detected in the range of low Fe concentrations. It was demonstrated that even in the low‐level doped systems [(FexAl1−x)2O3 with x≥0.01], all the essential spectroscopic phenomena occur. At higher Fe concentrations, they were discovered to be caused by magnetic and spin exchange interactions as well as by solid‐state reactions during and after the mechanical activation.
Foamy cell angiosarcoma: a rare and deceptively bland variant of cutaneous angiosarcoma
Authors: Tatsas Amy D. , Keedy Vicki L. , Florell Scott R. , Simpson Jean F. , Coffin Cheryl M. , Kelley Mark C. , Cates Justin M. M. 
Published: February 2010

Cutaneous angiosarcoma can sometimes mimic other benign and malignant lesions, thereby presenting a difficult differential diagnosis. In the two cases of cutaneous angiosarcoma presented herein, extensive foamy cell alteration of tumor cells resembled a reactive xanthogranulomatous process. Foamy cell angiosarcoma is an unusual and deceptively benign morphologic variant of cutaneous angiosarcoma. Critical features for diagnosis include the presence of a deep, permeative, sometimes ‘scaffolding’ growth pattern and subtle areas of vascular formation.Tatsas AD, Keedy VL, Florell SR, Simpson JF, Coffin CM, Kelley MC, Cates JMM. Foamy cell angiosarcoma: a rare and deceptively bland variant of cutaneous angiosarcoma.
Application of a decision rule and a D-dimer assay in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism
Authors: Douma Renee , Squizzato Alessandro , Sohne Maaike , Buller Harry , Gerdes Victor , Gibson Nadine 
Published: February 2010

SummaryCurrent strategies for diagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) include a clinical decision rule (CDR), followed by a D-dimer assay in patients with an unlikely clinical probability. We assessed the implementation of the current guidelines for the diagnosis of PE. A first questionnaire was sent to internists and pulmonologists to assess the proportion of physicians that adequately applied the guidelines. Two versions of a second questionnaire were sent presenting five hypothetical cases of which in two cases with an intermediate clinical probability an abnormal D-dimer test result was added to one version. We assessed the variation of the CDR and compared the proportions of a likely clinical probability between the two versions. A total of 65 physicians responded to the first questionnaire (response rate 75%). Half of the physicians (N=29; 46%) indicated that they use a CDR in all patients and 22 physicians (45%) indicated that they review the D-dimer result after they examined patients. Sixty-two physicians responded on the second questionnaire (response rate 36%). A shift was observed from an unlikely to a likely probability when an abnormal D-dimer test result was added to the clinical information (22% to 41%; p=0.22 and 26% to 50%; p<0.05). Our findings indicate that physicians do not use the guidelines for diagnosis of PE consistently. Furthermore, the knowledge of an abnormal D-dimer test result before seeing the patient leads to a higher CDR score. Physicians should therefore first examine patients before taking note of the D-dimer test result.
Tyrosine kinase Btk regulates E-selectin–mediated integrin activation and neutrophil recruitment by controlling phospholipase C (PLC) γ2 and PI3Kγ pathways
Authors: Mueller Helena , Stadtmann Anika , Van Aken Hugo , Hirsch Emilio , Wang Demin , Ley Klaus , Zarbock Alexander 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Selectins mediate leukocyte rolling, trigger β2-integrin activation, and promote leukocyte recruitment into inflamed tissue. E-selectin binding to P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1) leads to activation of an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)–dependent pathway, which in turn activates the spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk). However, the signaling pathway linking Syk to integrin activation after E-selectin engagement is unknown. To identify the pathway, we used different gene-deficient mice in autoperfused flow chamber, intravital microscopy, peritonitis, and biochemical studies. We report here that the signaling pathway downstream of Syk divides into a phospholipase C (PLC) γ2– and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) γ–dependent pathway. The Tec family kinase Bruton tyrosine kinase (Btk) is required for activating both pathways, generating inositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3), and inducing E-selectin–mediated slow rolling. Inhibition of this signal-transduction pathway diminished Gαi-independent leukocyte adhesion to and transmigration through endothelial cells in inflamed postcapillary venules of the cremaster. Gαi-independent neutrophil recruitment into the inflamed peritoneal cavity was reduced in Btk−/− and Plcg2−/− mice. Our data demonstrate the functional importance of this newly identified signaling pathway mediated by E-selectin engagement.
Characterization of Φ2954, a newly isolated bacteriophage containing three dsRNA genomic segments
Authors: Qiao Xueying , Sun Yang , Qiao Jian , Di Sanzo Fabiana , Mindich Leonard 
Published: February 2010

Abstract

Background
Bacteriophage Φ12 is a member of the Cystoviridae and is distinct from Φ6, the first member of that family. We have recently isolated a number of related phages and five showed high similarity to Φ12 in the amino acid sequences of several proteins. Bacteriophage Φ2954 is a member of this group.

Results
Φ2954 was isolated from radish leaves and was found to have a genome of three segments of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), placing it in the Cystoviridae. The base sequences for many of the genes and for the segment termini were similar but not identical to those of bacteriophage Φ12. However, the host specificity was for the type IV pili of Pseudomonas syringae HB10Y rather than for the rough LPS to which Φ12 attaches. Reverse genetics techniques enabled the production of infectious phage from cDNA copies of the genome. Phage were constructed with one, two or three genomic segments. Phage were also produced with altered transcriptional regulation. Although the pac sequences of Φ2954 show no similarity to those of Φ12, segment M of Φ2954 could be acquired by Φ12 resulting in a change of host specificity.

Conclusions
We have isolated a new member of the bacteriophage family Cystoviridae and find that although it shows similarity to other members of the family, it has unique properties that help to elucidate viral strategies for genomic packaging and gene expression.
Short versus standard treatment with pegylated interferon alfa-2A plus ribavirin in patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 2 or 3: the cleo trial
Authors: Mecenate Fabrizio , Pellicelli Adriano M , Barbaro Giuseppe , Romano Mario , Barlattani Angelo , Mazzoni Ettore , Bonaventura Maria Elena , Nosotti Lorenzo , Arcuri Pasquale , Picardi Antonio , Barbarini Giorgio , D'Ambrosio Cecilia , Paffetti Amerigo , Andreoli Arnaldo , Soccorsi Fabrizio ,   the Club Epatologi Ospedalieri (CLEO) Group
Published: February 2010

Abstract

Background
In patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 2 or 3, 24 weeks' treatment with pegylated interferon alfa (PEG-IFN-alpha) and ribavirin induces a sustained virological response (SVR) in almost 80% of cases. Evidence suggests that a similar response rate may be obtained with shorter treatment periods, especially in patients with a rapid virological response (RVR). The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of 12 or 24 weeks of treatment in patients with chronic HCV genotype 2 or 3 and to identify patients suitable for 12 weeks treatment.

Methods
Two hundred and ten patients received PEG-IFN-alpha-2a (180 ug/week) and ribavirin (800-1200 mg/day) for 4 weeks. Patients with a RVR (HCV RNA not detectable) were randomized (1:1) to either 12 (group A1) or 24 (group A2) weeks of combination therapy. Patients without a RVR continued with 24-weeks' combination therapy (group B). HCV RNA was monitored at weeks 4, 8, 12, and 24, and at week 24 post-treatment.

Results
At study end, end of treatment response (ETR) was observed in 62 (86%) patients of group A1 and in 55 (77%) patients of group A2 (p < 0.05) Relapse rate was 3% each in groups A1 and A2, and 6% in group B. Among patients with a HCVRNA test 24 weeks after the end of treatment, SVR was observed in 60 (83%) of group A1 patients and in 53 (75%) of group A2 patients. Rapid virological response, low baseline HCV RNA levels, elevated alanine aminotransferase levels and low fibrosis score, were the strongest covariates associated with SVR, independent of HCV genotype. No baseline characteristic was associated with relapse.

Conclusion
In HCV patients with genotype 2 or 3, 12-week combination therapy is as efficacious as 24-week therapy and several independent covariates were predictive of SVR.

Trial registration
Trial number ISRCTN29259563
Neo-adjuvant chemo-radiation of rectal cancer with Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy: summary of technical and dosimetric features and early clinical experience
Authors: Richetti Antonella , Fogliata Antonella , Clivio Alessandro , Nicolini Giorgia , Pesce Gianfranco , Salati Emanuela , Vanetti Eugenio , Cozzi Luca 
Published: February 2010

Abstract

Background
To report about initial technical and clinical experience in preoperative radiation treatment of rectal cancer with volumetric modulated arcs with the RapidArc® (RA) technology.

Methods
Twenty-five consecutive patients (pts) were treated with RA. All showed locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma with stage T2-T4, N0-1. Dose prescription was 44 Gy in 22 fractions (or 45 Gy in 25 fractions). Delivery was performed with single arc with a 6 MV photon beam. Twenty patients were treated preoperatively, five did not receive surgery. Twenty-three patients received concomitant chemotherapy with oral capecitabine. A comparison with a cohort of twenty patients with similar characteristics treated with conformal therapy (3DC) is presented as well.

Results
From a dosimetric point of view, RA improved conformality of doses (CI95% = 1.1 vs. 1.4 for RA and 3DC), presented similar target coverage with lower maximum doses, significant sparing of femurs and significant reduction of integral and mean dose to healthy tissue. From the clinical point of view, surgical reports resulted in a down-staging in 41% of cases. Acute toxicity was limited to Grade 1-2 diarrhoea in 40% and Grade 3 in 8% of RA pts, 45% and 5% of 3DC pts, compatible with known effects of concomitant chemotherapy. RA treatments were performed with an average of 2.0 vs. 3.4 min of 3DC.

Conclusion
RA proved to be a safe, qualitatively advantageous treatment modality for rectal cancer, showing some improved results in dosimetric aspects.
Neural Mechanisms Underlying Action Observation in Adults With Down Syndrome
Authors: Virji-Babul Naznin , Moiseev Alexander , Cheung Teresa , Weeks Daniel J. , Cheyne Douglas , Ribary Urs 
Published: February 2010

AbstractResults of a magnetoencephalography (MEG) brain imaging study conducted to examine the cortical responses during action execution and action observation in 10 healthy adults and 8 age-matched adults with Down syndrome are reported. During execution, the motor responses were strongly lateralized on the ipsilateral rather than the contralateral side in the Down syndrome group. Observation of movement activated a network of cortical regions that was similar to the control group; however, there was no significant peak activity in the motor areas. In addition, the overall pattern of neural activation was more scattered and less organized in the Down syndrome group. These results further support the hypothesis of a dysfunction in the execution/observation matching system in adults with Down syndrome.
Interlaboratory Diagnostic Validation of Conformation-Sensitive Capillary Electrophoresis for Mutation Scanning
Authors: Mattocks Christopher J , Watkins Gemma , Ward Daniel , Janssens Tom , Bosgoed Ermanno AJ , van der Donk Kim , Ligtenberg Marjolijn J , Pot Bruno , Theelen Joop , Cross Nicholas CP , Scheffer Hans , Matthijs Gert 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Background: Indirect alternatives to sequencing as a method for mutation scanning are of interest to diagnostic laboratories because they have the potential for considerable savings in both time and costs. Ideally, such methods should be simple, rapid, and highly sensitive, and they should be validated formally to a very high standard. Currently, most reported methods lack one or more of these characteristics. We describe the optimization and validation of conformation-sensitive capillary electrophoresis (CSCE) for diagnostic mutation scanning.
Methods: We initially optimized the performance of CSCE with a systematic panel of plasmid-based controls. We then compared manual analysis by visual inspection with automated analysis by BioNumerics software (Applied Maths) in a blinded interlaboratory validation with 402 BRCA1 (breast cancer 1, early onset) and BRCA2 (breast cancer 1, early onset) variants previously characterized by Sanger sequencing.
Results: With automated analysis, we demonstrated a sensitivity of &gt;99% (95% CI), which is indistinguishable from the sensitivity for conventional sequencing by capillary electrophoresis. The 95% CI for specificity was 90%–93%; thus, CSCE greatly reduces the number of fragments that need to be sequenced to fully characterize variants. By manual analysis, the 95% CIs for sensitivity and specificity were 98.3%–99.4% and 93.1%–95.5%, respectively.
Conclusions: CSCE is amenable to a high degree of automation, and analyses can be multiplexed to increase both capacity and throughput. We conclude that once it is optimized, CSCE combined with analysis with BioNumerics software is a highly sensitive and cost-effective mutation-scanning technique suitable for routine genetic diagnostic analysis of heterozygous nucleotide substitutions, small insertions, and deletions.