bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platycrinitid crinoid cups from the Lower Carboniferous of Yorkshire and Derbyshire
Authors: Donovan S. K. , Lewis D. N. , Tilsley J. W. 
Published: December 2009

SUMMARY

Platycrinitid camerate crinoids, with distinctive elliptical columnals and large dorsal cups are a characteristic feature of the Lower Carboniferous of the British Isles. Two new occurrences are reported here. Disarticulated basal circlets and low radials from the Brigantian of Coverdale, Yorkshire, have been reconstructed as a dorsal cup, identified as
Platycrinites
sp. Although both smooth and tuberculated plates are present, intermediate morphologies suggest that these represent one variable species. It is rare that pelmatozoan thecae or cups can be reconstructed from disarticulated elements.
Platycrinites
sp. is believed to be the first such reconstruction to be published from the Palaeozoic of the British Isles. The second new occurrence comprises cups of a platycrinitid species from Lathkill Dale in the Peak District, Derbyshire, preserved in a stile in a dry stone wall. This occurrence is notable as being one of the few reports of identifiable crinoid remains from the Lower Carboniferous of the Peak District since the 19th century.
Complex extensional faulting of Triassic rocks north of York, North Yorkshire, UK
Authors: Hawkins T. R. W. , Saul G. H. 
Published: December 2009

SUMMARY
Borehole records, seismic reflection traverses and surface resistivity surveys have established the presence of previously unknown graben complexes north of York. A major NE–SW to E–W trending complex with vertical displacements of up to around 200 m is traceable for 22 km through Beningbrough and Strensall. A narrower NW-SE trending graben with similar displacements can be traced for at least 8 km through Lilling, south of Sheriff Hutton. A large part of the Beningbrough-Strensall Graben Zone is complexly faulted on both large and small scales. It is located at the southern edge of the Howardian-Flambor-ough Head Fault Zone and may have been within an area of maximum ‘sag’ deformation along the hinge between the subsiding Cleveland Basin to the north and the more rigid Market Weighton Block to the south. Major consequences of the faulting are: (i) a 10 km sinistral shift of the sub-drift crop of the Triassic Mercia Mudstone Group, (ii) substantial changes to ground water levels and flow, and (iii) the presence of small fault bounded blocks of Rhaetian Penarth Group rocks many kilometres from their main sub-drift crop.
The evolution of the Carlisle Basin, NW England and SW Scotland
Authors: Holliday D. W. , Holloway S. , McMillan A. A. , Jones N. S. , Warrington G. , Akhurst M. C. 
Published: December 2009

SUMMARY

Seismic reflection profiles show that the Permo-Triassic rocks of the ENE-trending Carlisle Basin occur in several
en echelon
synclines and intervening anticlines, rather than the relatively simple syncline generally shown in the literature. At least two of the synclines correspond to Permo-Triassic depocentres, which probably continued into the Early Jurassic. The western depocentre is the more pronounced, interpreted as locally containing >500 m of Appleby Group strata (Brockram and Penrith Sandstone) that are completely concealed beneath younger strata. Rocks of this age were not deposited in the other synclines and there is no subsurface continuity with Appleby Group strata in the nearby Vale of Eden Basin. The western depocentre may have been formerly contiguous with the NNW-trending Dumfries Basin prior to post-Triassic footwall uplift and erosion on the crosscutting North-East Axial-Waterbeck Fault. Both the Sherwood Sandstone and Mercia Mudstone groups locally exceed 500 m in thickness in the western syncline and 400 m in the central syncline, reducing to
c.
250 m in the intervening saddle area. The depocentres were also the principal loci of Cainozoic inversion during which
c.
2500 m of mainly Jurassic and Cretaceous strata were removed locally. Unlike other nearby Permo-Triassic basins, there is no evidence of synsedimentary displacements on basin margin faults. The NNW-trending Crummock Fault, which cuts across the basin, provides the best evidence for synsedimentary movement, but only during deposition of the Appleby Group. This fault, and a suite of adjacent parallel faults, may be a southerly continuation of the Dumfries Fault, which forms the western boundary of the Dumfries Basin. The outlier of the youngest preserved rocks, the Penarth and Lias groups, is preserved in the saddle area between the main depocentres where less inversion is inferred to have occurred.
New algal and foraminiferal assemblages and evidence for recognition of the Asbian-Brigantian boundary in northern England
Authors: Cózar P. , Somerville I. D. 
Published: December 2009

SUMMARY

A detailed micropalaeontological analysis (foraminifera and calcareous algae) has been made of the Brigantian Basal Stratotype section at Janny Wood in the Stainmore Trough, and sections in the Rookhope, Allenheads, Feizor and Back Scar boreholes on the Alston and Askrigg blocks of northern England. The sections contain a complete composite succession from the upper Asbian to the Pendleian. Using the first appearances, last appearances and the acmes of the foraminiferal and algal taxa, it is possible to recognize eight assemblages in the shallow-water platform facies of the Alston and Askrigg blocks. Several taxa occur earlier in the Janny Wood section (Stainmore Trough) than in the boreholes on the adjacent blocks and many common taxa in what is currently regarded as the highest Asbian part of the Janny Wood section are more typical of the Brigantian. All the palaeontological data suggest that the Birkdale Limestone and possibly the Robinson Limestone in the Janny Wood section could be Brigantian, although there is an absence of basal Brigantian foraminiferal markers (e.g.
Loeblichia
and
Janischewskina).
Nevertheless, the basal Brigantian Stratotype boundary could be moved from its current position at the base of the Peghorn Limestone to a lower level, preferably at the base of the Birkdale Limestone.
Barremian and Aptian (Cretaceous) sharks and rays from Speeton, Yorkshire, NE England
Authors: Underwood C. J. 
Published: December 2009

SUMMARY

Bulk sampling of several levels in the upper part of the Speeton Clay type section has yielded teeth and other remains of sharks and rays. At least 10 shark and two ray species were recorded, with two sharks,
Pteroscyllium speetonensis
sp. nov. and
Palaeobrachaelurus mitchelli
sp. nov. being described as new. The oldest occurrences of the family Anacoracidae and the genus
Pteroscyllium,
as well as the youngest occurrence of the genus
Palaeobrachaelurus,
were recorded. The palaeoenvironmental significance of the faunas is briefly discussed.
Scarborough’s first geologist? The life and works of the Rev. Frederick Kendall (1790–1836)
Authors: Torrens H. S. 
Published: December 2009

SUMMARY

Among the abundant literature on Yorkshire geology, one man’s contribution has been forgotten, that of Rev. Frederick Kendall who published a
Catalogue of the Minerals and Fossils of Scarborough
and its vicinity in 1816 and 1817. The circumstances behind its production are rather remarkable since Kendall had just before, in 1813, been expelled from Cambridge University for several times wilfully setting fire to his College, despite having been legally cleared at his trial. His origins and ancestry are described in this paper as well as his Cambridge ‘career’. The
Catalogue,
in its several different guises, is described and then his subsequent career briefly discussed. In a final section, his work is contrasted with William Smith’s work and influence at Scarborough, which started in 1817 and led to the creation of the Rotunda Museum there, now a potential shrine to Smithian studies.
Palynomorph and ostracod biostratigraphy of the Ballagan Formation, Midland Valley of Scotland, and elucidation of intra-Dinantian unconformaties
Authors: Stephenson M. H. , Williams M. , Monghan A. A. , Arkley S. , Smith R. A. , Dean M. , Browne M. A. E. , Leng M. 
Published: December 2009

SUMMARY

An interdisciplinary biostratigraphical study of Tournaisian–early Viséan sedimentary rocks from six sections in central Scotland has established the ranges of important palynomorph and ostracod taxa that can be used to refine the existing palynomorph-based biozonation scheme. The work highlights the value of joint ostracod-palynomorph studies in correlating sequences where a single biostratigraphical discipline alone cannot provide the resolution needed. To this end, a new joint palynomorph/ostracod stratigraphical assemblage, the
Acanthotriletes cf. macrogaleatus – Sulcella affiliata
Assemblage, has been established. This assemblage correlates with the upper part of the CM Biozone and allows the CM–Pu biozonal boundary to be positioned more reliably in the Midland Valley of Scotland (MVS) than previously. The distribution of the assemblage, and the palaeontological characteristics of the Ballagan Formation and stratigraphically higher formations in the Dinantian of the MVS, show that significant but localized hiatuses, correlating with the Pu, TS and TC biozones, occur in parts of the western MVS, while generally smaller hiatuses, correlating with the TS Biozone and possibly part of the Pu Biozone, exist in the east of the MVS and in parts of the Cockburnspath Outlier (Dunbar-Oldhamstocks Basin).
Aquatic plant microfossils of probable non-vascular origin from the Ballagan Formation (Lower Carboniferous), Midland Valley, Scotland
Authors: Stephenson M. H. , Williams M. , Leng M. , Monghan A. A. 
Published: December 2009

SUMMARY

Seven previously undescribed palynomorphs,
Brazilea
sp. B,
?Carbaneuletes
sp. A,
?Reduviasporonites
sp. and Algal palynomorph spp. 1 to 4, some of which are closely similar to the spores and filaments of extant fresh or brackish water algae, are described and illustrated from the Lower Carboniferous Ballagan Formation of central Scotland. The palynomorphs occur in a succession yielding δ
18
O and δ
13
C values from carbonate that indicate a brackish water depositional origin. They occur in several sections with a low diversity ostracod fauna dominated by
Beyrichiopsis, Cavellina, Knoxiella, Shemonaella
and
Sulcella
species, but lacking typical fully marine forms such as
Bairdia
and
Amphissites.
In addition, the sequences contain
Botryococcus
and
Circulisporites,
which are fresh to brackish water indicators, but lack spinose acritarchs that indicate marine conditions. The palynomorphs, which lack trilete marks or other haptotypic features, are thus likely to be of aquatic algal origin, and were probably produced to allow algae growing in ephemeral ponds to survive periods of desiccation and to colonize successive waterbodies in an arid coastal plain palaeoenvironment. The palynomorphs may be of value in further palaeoenvironmental studies as indicators of fresh to brackish conditions.
The Caradoc volcanoes of the English Lake District
Authors: Millward D. 
Published: December 2009

SUMMARY
During Late Ordovician (Caradoc) time, the English Lake District was the focus for one of the most intense episodes of magmatism seen during the geological history of the British Isles. There, two thick subaerial volcanic successions aggraded within opposing half-graben. In the northern half-graben, the Eycott Volcanic Group (EVG) comprises basaltic, andesitic and dacitic lavas and sills with subordinate pyroclastic rocks having geochemical affinities that are transitional between medium-K, continental-margin tholeiitic and calc-alkaline suites. In the southern half-graben, in the central Lake District, the Borrowdale Volcanic Group (BVG) comprises more than 6 km of basaltic to rhyolitic lavas, sills and pyroclastic rocks of medium- to high-K calc-alkaline continental margin type. Initial BVG eruptions were phreatomagmatic, but once conduits were opened, the volcanism became dominated by andesite lava effusion from clusters of low-profile volcanoes. The EVG compares to this early phase of BVG volcanism. A switch then occurred to paroxysmal eruptions, which produced many widespread sheets of densely welded silicic ignimbrite. This phase saw the development of major silicic, piecemeal calderas at Scafell and Haweswater. One of the later units, the Lincomb Tarns Formation, which is 150–800 m thick, is the most voluminous ignimbrite preserved within the Lake District. Other large-magnitude silicic eruptions are recorded within depocentres that lay along the current southern margin of the BVG outcrop. During intervals between the major silicic eruptions, andesitic tephra deposits were reworked and re-sedimented by mass-flow and fluvial processes, and were deposited within fluvio-lacustrine basins developed through regional extensional faulting and caldera collapse. Throughout, substantial volumes of magma were intruded contemporaneously into the volcanic piles. Towards the end of the volcanic episode, the granitic Lake District batholith was emplaced beneath the succession. Subsidence during cooling of this mass allowed renewed marine sedimentation across the region.
Disarticulated crinoid stems from the Devonian and Carboniferous of north Devon, England
Authors: Głuchowski E. , Racki G. 
Published: December 2009

SUMMARY

Fourteen stem-based crinoid taxa from the Devonian and Carboniferous of north Devon are described.
Salairocrinus
cf.
kervenensis
Le Menn, is from the Givetian Ilfracombe Beds at Combe Martin, and the remaining taxa occur in the Famennian–Tournaisian Pilton Beds (Baggy Point, Saunton Sands and Fremington Quay).
Stenocrinus altus
Sisova,
Glyphidodrinus
sp. and
Taranshicrinus
sp. are reported from the Famennian only.
Gllbertsocrinus
sp. A,
Rlcebocrinus
sp. and
Urushlcrinus
sp. are known from both the Famennian and Tournaisian.
Cyclocaudex medius
Głuchowski,
Cyclocaudiculus varius
Głuchowski,
Cycloscapus
sp.,
Floricyclus
sp.,
Gilbertsocrinus cassiope
Moore & Jeffords,
Gilbertsocrinus
sp. B. and
Platycrinites
? sp. only occur in the Tournaisian. The crinoid faunas of the Pilton Beds are similar to other European, North American and some Asian Famennian to Tournaisian echinoderm assemblages. This confirms their cosmopolitan character and also possible eastward migration along the south Laurussian shelf.
Catalogue of type, figured and referred fossils in the Geological Department of the Manchester Museum: supplement
Authors: Nudds J. R. 
Published: December 2009

The present work is a supplement to the catalogues published by Jackson (1952) and Nudds (1992
a
). It includes all specimens referred to or figured in publications or designated as types since 1990, up to the end of 2003 when the Manchester Museum Keeperships were terminated. It does, however, exclude those non-marine bivalves published by R.M.C. Eagar which form the basis of a separate catalogue (Nudds 1992
b
; 2004).

The present catalogue also includes type, figured and referred specimens published prior to 1990, but which were not previously recognized as such or which have only recently been acquired. It is inevitable when dealing with old collections that this catalogue will be similarly incomplete and the Museum would be grateful to receive references to material that has been omitted.
The following are included as explanatory notes:
(1) Specimens are listed by the latest name under which they have been described in publication, but are cross-referenced under all earlier names published for that specimen.
(2) Stratigraphical and locality information have been updated from the original label or catalogue entry wherever possible. For specimens from Great Britain, National Grid References, where known, are given in square brackets following the locality information.

(3) Some specimens included in the earlier catalogues (Jackson 1952; Nudds 1992
a
,
b
) have since been refigured or referred to again in subsequent publications. Only the new reference is given herein, but a cross-reference to the earlier catalogue entry is included.

(4) Manchester Museum Geology Department palaeontological specimens are registered in 5 series [‘L’ …
Derbiocrinus diversus
Wright from the Lower Carboniferous (Viséan, Asbian) of Derbyshire
Authors: Donovan S. K. , Lewis D. N. , Hill D. 
Published: December 2009

SUMMARY

The monospecific genus
Derbiocrinus
Wright, type species
D. diversus
Wright, formerly lacked adequate locality and stratigraphical data within its type area. New specimens from the Treak Cliff area near Castleton, Derbyshire, come from the Asbian Bee Low Limestones. The column, hitherto undescribed, is pentagonal in outline and proximally heteromorphic; other features, apart from those of the dorsal cup, remain unknown.
Derbiocrinus diversus
lived in a fore reef environment.
Provenance of Upper Carboniferous sandstones in east Derbyshire: role of the Wales–Brabant High
Authors: Chisholm J. I. , Hallsworth C. R. 
Published: December 2009

SUMMARY
Analysis of heavy mineral suites and palaeocurrents from Namurian and Westphalian (Millstone Grit and Coal Measures) sandstones at outcrop in eastern Derbyshire reveals four main sources of sediment supply to this part of the Pennine Basin. Three of these are known to have affected the adjacent Yorkshire Coalfield to the north, and were responsible for introducing sediment from distant source areas located in general terms to the north, west and south-east of the Pennine Basin. Northern sediment entered the basin both from the north and the east. The fourth source region was situated not far to the south of the basin, probably in the part of eastern Avalonia that included the Wales–Brabant High. Local sediment from different parts of this area was incorporated into both the westerly and northerly derived supplies at intervals through Namurian and Westphalian times. The northern source dominated through the Namurian and earliest Westphalian, providing the bulk of the Millstone Grit and lowest Coal Measures, but its influence waned in the early Langsettian, earlier in east Derbyshire than in Yorkshire. Local material, probably derived from the Wales–Brabant High to the south, was added to the northern sediment during the late Namurian and early Westphalian. Sediment from the western source first appeared in east Derbyshire in the Wingfield Flags (early Langsettian) and dominated Coal Measures deposition from the Kilburn Coal through to about the level of the Aegiranum Marine Band (i.e. from mid-Langsettian to end-Duckmantian). Sediment containing garnets of distinctive composition, and inferred to be of local southern origin in the Wales–Brabant High or a comparable region farther west, was apparently added to the western sediment through much of this period. A marked change took place at about the level of the Aegiranum Marine Band, with the incoming in early Bolsovian times of material from the Variscan orogen to the south-east. In Yorkshire, this transition took place earlier, at about the level of the Maltby Marine Band (late Duckmantian).
The eastern end of the Cleveland Dyke, North Yorkshire, UK
Authors: Milsom J. , Holdsworth J. , Shorter J. 
Published: December 2009

SUMMARY
The eastern termination of the Cleveland Dyke on Fylingdales Moor, North Yorkshire, has been mapped by ground magnetic surveys. Two distinct anomalies have been identified, one of which is directly along strike from known outcrops of the dyke. The other, not yet fully defined, lies about 100 m farther south. In contrast to the well-known and commonly surveyed outcrop on nearby Goathland Moor, but in common with perhaps most British members of the Palaeogene Hebridean dyke swarms, the anomalies on Fylingdales Moor are caused by reversely magnetized bodies. The nature of the transition between the magnetization directions, which presumably represent differences in age, could be investigated by magnetic surveys in the forested area between the Fylingdales Moor and Goathland Moor.
The Late Devensian terminal moraine ridge at Garret Hill, Stiffkey valley, north Norfolk, England
Authors: Pawley S. M. , Candy I. , Booth S. J. 
Published: December 2009

SUMMARY
Glacial stratigraphy and ice-marginal processes within the limit of the Late Devensian Glaciation in eastern England were investigated at Garret Hill, situated on the eastern flank of the Stiffkey valley, north Norfolk. Glacial sediments are divided into four lithofacies units. LFA-1 and 2 consist of chalk-rich diamicton and flint-rich outwash deposits, respectively. These extend beyond the Late Devensian ice-limit and are attributed to glaciation during the Middle Pleistocene. LFA-3 and 4 comprise a red diamicton and meltwater deposits that are equated to the Holkham Till and Ringstead Sand and Gravel respectively, deposited during the Late Devensian Glaciation.
It is proposed that a terminal moraine ridge was formed during the Late Devensian Glaciation as a Scottish-sourced ice sheet flowed southwards along the western margin of the North Sea Basin. The moraine is identified by the distribution of ridges and hummocks that border the outcrop of Holkham Till. At Garret Hill, these landforms contain folded chalk-rich diamicton (LFA-1) and flint-rich outwash sediments (LFA-2) overlain by Holkham Till. This event is likely to have been accompanied by the formation of glacial lakes in the Stiffkey valley, impounded between the blocking ice sheet to the north and the Cromer Ridge to the south. The site is only the second site where the Holkham Till has been found overlying glacial deposits of Middle Pleistocene age.
Landslide geomorphology of Cayton Bay, North Yorkshire, UK
Authors: Fish P. R. , Moore R. , Carey J. M. 
Published: December 2009

SUMMARY
The geomorphology of a large coastal landslide complex at Cayton Bay, North Yorkshire, is described. The area inland of the complex is occupied by a main road and a number of properties, so knowledge of current and possible future landslide behaviour is important for planning and risk assessment. Instability at the site is associated with a number of faults that bring argillaceous Upper Jurassic rocks to sea level. These soft rocks are overlain by more resistant sandstones. The sequence is capped by a thick and variable succession of glacial sediments, comprising tills with interbedded sand and gravel lenses that were deposited during the Dimlington Stadial of the Late Devensian. In connection with a study aimed at understanding cliff instability and recession, coastal erosion and the risk to people and assets at Cayton Bay, detailed geomorphological field mapping was conducted. This identified two major landslide systems, which include a periodically active mudslide complex at Cayton Cliff, recognized by shallow scarps and benches with occasional back-tilted blocks, and an area of dormant, deep-seated landslides at Tenants’ Cliffs, which includes a number of graben and horst structures. The origins of the landslides are unclear, but probably involved a variety of processes that led to a reduction in material shear strength or increases in pore water pressures. The original failure probably occurred in the middle Holocene, around 3000 years ago, when sea level reached its approximate current position. This would have initiated erosion of Jurassic argillaceous rocks (Oxford Clay) now exposed at sea level on the coast, and probable deep-seated failure of the overlying, more competent strata (Lower Calcareous Grit). Alternatively, it is possible that retreat of the Late Devensian ice sheet triggered instability, and that the landslide complex is a paraglacial landform produced during deglaciation, around 13 000 years BP. However sea levels were then lower so erosion of the Oxford Clay is unlikely to have been a factor in its development. Contemporary instability is likely to be due to the combined effects of coastal erosion and high groundwater levels, both of which are predicted to increase in the future due to the impact of climate change, implying an increased risk to coastal assets and a need to manage and mitigate such risks.