bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repeatability of Layered Corneal Pachymetry with the Artemis Very High-Frequency Digital Ultrasound Arc-Scanner
Authors: Reinstein Dan Z. , Archer Timothy J. , Gobbe Marine , Silverman Ronald H. , Coleman D. Jackson 
Published: November 2009

Purpose:
To assess the three-dimensional repeatability of thickness measurements for epithelium, stroma, cornea, flap, and residual stromal bed using the Artemis very high-frequency (VHF) digital ultrasound arc-scanner (ArcScan Inc).

Methods:
Five consecutive measurements were obtained for 10 eyes of 10 patients 1 year after LASIK using the Artemis VHF digital ultrasound arc-scanner across the central 10-mm diameter of the cornea. Repeatability analysis was performed for thickness measurements for each corneal layer—epithelium, stroma, cornea, flap, and residual stromal bed. The standard deviation of repeated measurements (point-repeatability) was calculated for each measurement location in 0.1-mm steps for the 10×10-mm matrix. The pooled standard deviation of the point-repeatability for each measurement location within the central 1-, 2-, and 3-mm radius was calculated (region-repeatability). The corneal thickness of the baseline scan set was compared to that of subsequent scan sets within the same session and plotted over time to assess any possible hydration effects of the immersion technique.

Results:

The repeatability at the corneal vertex was 0.58
μ
m for epithelium, 1.78
μ
m for stroma, 1.68
μ
m for cornea, 1.68
μ
m for flap, and 2.27
μ
m for residual stromal bed. The region-repeatability within the central 1-mm radius was 1.01
μ
m for epithelium, 3.44
μ
m for stroma, 3.35
μ
m for cornea, 2.81
μ
m for flap, and 3.97
μ
m for residual stromal bed. The mean difference in corneal thickness from the baseline value was within 1.25
μ
m for each of the subsequent four scan sets over a 5-minute immersion period.

Conclusions:
Layered pachymetry of the epithelium, stroma, cornea, flap, and residual stromal bed showed high repeatability with the Artemis VHF digital ultrasound arc-scanner. The high repeatability validates the use of the Artemis for in vivo layered pachymetry.
Epithelial Thickness After Hyperopic LASIK: Three-Dimensional Display with Artemis Very High-Frequency Digital Ultrasound
Authors: Reinstein Dan Z. , Archer Timothy J. , Gobbe Marine , Silverman Ronald H. , Coleman D. Jackson 
Published: November 2009

Purpose:
To characterize the epithelial thickness profile in a population of eyes after LASIK for hyperopia or hyperopic astigmatism.

Methods:
The epithelial thickness profile was measured in vivo by Artemis very high-frequency (VHF) digital ultrasound scanning (ArcScan Inc) across the central 10-mm diameter of the cornea on 65 eyes at least 3 months after hyperopic LASIK using a 7-mm ablation zone with the MEL 80 excimer laser (Carl Zeiss Meditec). Maps of the average, standard deviation, minimum, maximum, and range of epithelial thickness were plotted. The cross-sectional hemi-meridional epithelial thickness profile was calculated using annular averaging. Linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate correlations between epithelial thickness, spherical equivalent refraction treated, and maximum simulated keratometry.

Results:

The mean thinnest epithelial thickness was 39.7±5.6
μ
m and the mean thickest epithelial thickness was 89.3±14.6
μ
m. The average epithelial thickness profile showed an epithelial doughnut pattern characterized by localized central thinning within the 4-mm diameter zone surrounded by an annulus of thick epithelium, with the thickest epithelium at the 3.4-mm radius. The epithelium was on average 10-
μ
m thicker temporally than nasally at the 3.4-mm radius. Central epithelium was thinner and paracentral epithelium was thicker for higher hyperopic corrections and steeper maximum simulated keratometry.

Conclusions:
Three-dimensional high-resolution ultrasound mapping of epithelial thickness profile after LASIK for hyperopia demonstrated thinner epithelium centrally and thicker epithelium paracentrally. Presumably, the paracentral epithelial thickening compensated in part for the stromal tissue removed by the hyperopic ablation, whereas the central epithelial thinning compensated for the localized increase in corneal curvature.
Biomechanical and Tomographic Analysis of Unilateral Keratoconus
Authors: Fontes Bruno M. , Ambrósio Renato , Salomão Marcella , Velarde Guillermo C. , Nosé Walton 
Published: November 2009

Purpose:
To evaluate and compare tomographic, clinical, and biomechanical data of patients with unilateral keratoconus and healthy controls.

Methods:
Observational, case-control study. Complete clinical eye examination was followed by topographic (ATLAS), tomographic (Pentacam), and biomechanical (Ocular Response Analyzer) evaluation. Cases were sex- and age-matched with healthy individuals for controls.

Results:

Four patients had unilateral keratoconus, and eight healthy patients served as controls. Central corneal thickness was 508±16
μ
m in the keratoconus group, 531±12.7
μ
m in the fellow eye group, and 528.6±40.7
μ
m in the control group (
P
>.125, all comparisons). Central keratometry was 43.70±2.70 diopters (D) in the keratoconus group, 42.84±1.43 D in the fellow eye group, and 43.81±1.94 D in the control group (
P
>.45, all comparisons). Corneal astigmatism was 3.30±2.24 D in the keratoconus group, 1.38±1.49 D in the fellow eye group, and 1.34±1.13 D in the control group (
P
=.037 between the keratoconus and control groups;
P
=.25 between the keratoconus and fellow eye groups). Corneal hysteresis was 8.13±2 mmHg in the keratoconus group, 8.96±0.86 mmHg in the fellow eye group, and 9.89±1.33 mmHg in the control group (
P
>.064, all comparisons). Corneal resistance factor was 7.96±2.43 mmHg in the keratoconus group, 8.92±1.39 mmHg in the fellow eye group, and 9.90±2.24 mmHg in the control group (
P
>.33, all comparisons).

Conclusions:
Corneal hysteresis and corneal resistance factor values were not statistically different among the groups; however, a trend for lower values was found for keratoconus and fellow eyes compared to controls. Data should be interpreted with caution because of the small sample.
Physician Assessment of Changing Lesion Size of Predominantly Classic Choroidal Neovascular Membranes in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Covert Douglas J. , Han Dennis P. , Kim Judy E. , Connor Thomas B. , Wirostko William J. , Moon Suk J. , Hamilton Richard 
Published: November 2009

Background and Objective:
To quantify the interpretation of fluorescein angiograms of evolving predominantly classic choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration.

Patients and Methods:
Thirty-six fluorescein angiograms of predominantly classic choroidal neovascularization were used to define 22 fluorescein angiogram pairs. Imaging software was used to measure surface area and greatest linear dimension (GLD). Six retina physicians estimated the change in surface area and GLD for each pair before and after demarcation of the lesions' borders and GLD.

Results:

For enlarging lesions, the smallest changes consistently detected by physicians were a 5% to 15% increase in surface area and a 5% to 15% increase in GLD; for shrinking lesions, they were a 5% to 15% decrease in surface area and a 5% to 15% decrease in GLD. Linear regression demonstrated moderate correlation between physician and software estimates of surface area and GLD change (r
2
= 0.50 and 0.67, respectively;
P
< .001), which was higher with lesion demarcation (r
2
= 0.91 and 0.93, respectively;
P
< .001).

Conclusion:
Computer-assisted demarcation of lesion surface area and GLD reduced variability in physicians' estimates of choroidal neovascularization size change and improved correlation with software measurements.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2009;40:554–560.]
Comparison of Preoperative Nd:YAG Laser Anterior Capsulotomy Versus Two-Stage Curvilinear Capsulorhexis in Phacoemulsification of White Intumescent Cataracts
Authors: Coelho Roberto P. , Martin Luiz F. T. , Paula Jayter S. , Scott Ingrid U. 
Published: November 2009

Background and Objective:
To compare the results of preoperative Nd:YAG laser anterior capsulotomy versus two-stage continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (CCC) in phacoemulsification of eyes with white intumescent cataracts and liquefied cortex.

Patients and Methods:
Twenty-three eyes with white intumescent cataract were consecutively randomized for phacoemulsification with preoperative Nd:YAG laser anterior capsulotomy (group 1, n = 11) or two-stage CCC (group 2, n = 12) procedures. Intraoperative findings and postoperative outcomes were compared using the nonparametric tests.

Results:

Postoperative visual acuity, mean surgical time, mean effective phacoemulsification time, and frequency of complications were not significantly different between the two groups (
P
> .05). Two cases in each group were converted to the extracapsular technique. Excluding these four patients, surgical time was shorter in group 1 (
P
= .017).

Conclusion:
Preoperative Nd:YAG laser anterior capsulotomy is a safe technique in decompressing the capsular bag before phacoemulsification of white intumescent cataracts with liquefied cortex.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2009;40:582–585.]
Adult Wilms′ tumour
Authors: Patil Tushar , Patel Kirti V , Shukla Shilin , Parikh Bharat , Anand Asha , Shah Mithun 
Published: November 2009

AbstractWilms′ tumour is most common malignant renal tumour of childhood. Rarely, it may be seen in the adults. We report a 35 year old male presenting with flank pain. Abdominal CT scan revealed a right renal mass and a clinical diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma was made. Nephrectomy was performed, and a final diagnosis of adult Wilms′ tumour was made. This case in being reported on account ot its rarity. Pertinent literature is being reviewed.
Myofibroblastoma of breast
Authors: Das Prasenjit , Sharma Alok , Arora Raman , Singh M 
Published: November 2009

AbstractMyofibroblastoma of breast is an extremely rare mesenchymal lesion comprising of myofibroblasts. Less than 70 cases have been reported in the literature. Though many histological variants are known, characteristic morphological, cytologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features help to differentiate it from other spindle cell lesions of breast. Here we report an epitheloid variant of myofibroblastoma breast in a 55-year-old female. Though CD34 showed only focal positivity, typical morphological and other immunohistochemical features helped in arriving at the diagnosis.
Extragonadal germ-cell tumour of vagina
Authors: Joshi Prashant , Sarda Dinesh , Laddha Ashok , Agarwal Vikram , Ahmad Ashraf , Kothari Paras 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA 7-month-old female child was admitted with a short history of bleeding and mass protruding from the vagina. Alfa-feto protein levels were raised. Biopsy taken of the tumour mass was suggestive of Endodermal sinus tumour (yolk sac) of vagina. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was given. Organ preserving resection of tumour was done successfully.
Borderline ovarian tumours : An update
Authors: Priya C , Kumar Sunesh , Kumar Lalit 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBorderline ovarian tumours are clinical entities less frequently encountered by obstetricians and gynecologists. Management options keep on changing with time and fertility sparing procedures and laparoscopy keep emerging. Surgical removal of all visible tumours still remains the most effective management. So far, non surgical treatment modalities have not been found to be beneficial. Pathologists are increasingly able to identify poor prognostic features in histology. Molecular biological studies are progressively being elucidated as prognostic features which might help us more in understanding the carcinogenic process and progression of the disease. This review outlines the recent literature regarding pathology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and recurrence. Oncologic concerns are discussed with emphasis on mode of surgery, fertility sparing surgery and the outcomes.
Sister Mary Joseph′s nodule
Authors: Aich Ranen Kanti , Karim Md.Rejaul , Chakraborty Barunodaya , Dasgupta Subhankar , Deb Asit 
Published: November 2009

AbstractUmbilical nodule, universally known as Sister Mary Joseph′s Nodule, mostly is a metastatic manifestation of an underlying advanced malignant disease and is associated with a grave prognosis. Umbilical swelling due to any benign disease is called Pseudo Sister Mary Joseph′s nodule. A 41- year-old woman presented with a gradually increasing peri-umbilical nodule. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the nodule proved to be metastatic adenocarcinoma and search for the primary revealed an advanced gastric malignancy. An apparently insignificant umbilical nodule, may be the only manifestation of an underlying advanced malignant disease and therefore clinicians should be aware of such nodule. Histological/cytological examination of such a nodule not only confirms the diagnosis but also helps the clinician to search for the possible primary site.
Post-treatment testicular activity in lymphoma patients
Authors: Ahmad Mushtaq , Lone Abdul Rashid , Kuchai Sana Ullah , Zargar Abdul Hamid , Aziz Sheikh Aejaz , Bhat Gul Mohammad , Banday Manzoor A , Jelani Samoon , Bhat Javid Rasool 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Objectives: For young patients receiving cancer chemotherapy, the major concern is gonadal dysfunction with impaired reproductive capacity. The impact of such therapy in patients with lymphoma was focus of this study. Methods : Semen analysis and serum FSH and LH levels were determined pretreatment, immediately after completion of therapy and at follow-up in 60 patients of lymphoma receiving chemotherapy. Results : Pretreatment infertility was present in 13.2% of patients. After completion of treatment, 76.9% developed azoospermia. However, after a mean follow up of 56.66 months, percentage of normospermic patients declined to 43.3%, recovery being better in patients of age less than 30 years. Conclusion : The effects of chemotherapy on testicular activity were significant with combination containing cyclophosphamide and procarbazine. Recovery in spermatogenesis and FSH levels to normal was seen in patients receiving cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisolone but was least when procarbazine was added to this. 90% patients continued to have azoospermia at 5 years in the group which received cyclophosphamide in combination with procarbazine.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for hemoglobinopathies: Progress and prospects
Authors: Krishnamurti Lakshmanan , Gupta D 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAllogeneic bone marrow transplantation from an HLA-identical donor is currently the only means of curing thalassemia . Transplant outcome depends upon the presence of risk factors (hepatomegaly, portal fibrosis and poor quality of chelation). patients are defined to have class I - if no risk factor, class II with one or two and class III - if all three risk factors are present. For patients under 16 years of age, for class I, class II and III the probabilities of survival are approximately 95%, >80% and 60-70%, respectively. The risk of transplant related morbidity& mortality is low when transplant is done at an early age. Currently, busulfan, cyclophospahmide and antithymocyte globulin based combination is used for conditioning. More than 200 patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) have undergone allogeneic SCT with long term survival in >80% of patients. Results are better if donor is an HLA-identical sibling and if transplant is done early in the course of disease. Presently, experience with reduced intensity SCT and matched unrelated donor transplant is limited to recommend their routine use.
Non hodgkin′s lymphoma of tongue - A case report
Authors: Vaswani Bharat , Shah Mithun , Shah P , Parikh B , Anand A , Sharma Gopal 
Published: November 2009

AbstractPrimary non-Hodgkin′s lymphoma (NHL) of the oral region is rare. Oral manifestations are present in 3-5% of cases of NHL and oral lesions are rarely the initial manifestation. We describe a 40 year old male who presented with a mass lesion primarily involving the tongue and was diagnosed as diffuse large B cell lymphoma. The patient was treated with CHOP chemotherapy with complete disappearance of lesion after first cycle. Pertinent literature is being reviewed.
Evaluation of Virtual Grid processed clinical pelvic radiographs
Authors: Gossye Tim , Buytaert Dimitri , Smeets Peter V. , Morbée Lieve , Vereecke Elke , Kellens Pieter‐Jan , Achten Eric , Bacher Klaus 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundA physical scatter grid is not often used in pelvic bedside examinations. However, multiple studies regarding scatter correction software (SC SW) are available for mobile chest radiography but the results are unclear for pelvic radiography.PurposeWe evaluated SC SW of Fujifilm (Virtual Grid) on gridless pelvic radiographs obtained from a human Thiel‐embalmed body to investigate the potential of Virtual Grid in pelvic bedside examinations.MethodsGridless, Virtual Grid, and physical grid pelvic radiographs of a female Thiel‐embalmed body were collected with a broad range of tube loads. Different software (SW) grid ratios—6:1, 10:1, 13:1, 17:1, and 20:1—were applied on the gridless radiographs to investigate the image quality (IQ) improvement of 13 IQ criteria in a visual grading analysis (VGA) setup.ResultsGridless radiograph scores are significantly lower (p < 0.001) than Virtual Grid and physical grid scores obtained with the same tube load. Virtual Grid radiographs score better than gridless radiographs obtained with a higher tube load which makes a dose reduction possible. The averaged ratings of the IQ criteria processed with different SW ratios increase with increasing SW grid ratios. However, no statistically significant differences were found between the SW grid ratios. The scores of the physical grid radiographs are higher than those of the Virtual Grid radiographs when they are obtained with the same tube load.ConclusionWe conclude that Virtual Grid with an SW ratio of 6:1 improves the IQ of gridless pelvic radiographs in such a manner that a dose reduction is possible. However, physical grid radiograph ratings are higher compared to those of Virtual Grid radiographs.
Efficient EPID‐based quality assurance of beam time delay for respiratory‐gated radiotherapy with validation on Catalyst™ and AlignRT™ systems
Authors: Yao Kaining , Wang Meijiao , Du Yi , Liu Jiacheng , Wang Qingying , Wang Ruoxi , Wu Hao , Yue Haizhen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeTo propose a straightforward and time‐efficient quality assurance (QA) approach of beam time delay for respiratory‐gated radiotherapy and validate the proposed method on typical respiratory gating systems, Catalyst™ and AlignRT™.MethodsThe QA apparatus was composed of a motion platform and a Winston‐Lutz cube phantom (WL3) embedded with metal balls. The apparatus was first scanned in CT‐Sim and two types of QA plans specific for beam on and beam off time delay, respectively, were designed. Static reference images and motion testing images of the WL3 cube were acquired with EPID. By comparing the position differences of the embedded metal balls in the motion and reference images, beam time delays were determined. The proposed approach was validated on three linacs with either Catalyst™ or AlignRT™ respiratory gating systems. To investigate the impact of energy and dose rate on beam time delay, a range of QA plans with Eclipse (V15.7) were devised with varying energy and dose rates.ResultsFor all energies, the beam on time delays in AlignRT™ V6.3.226, AlignRT™ V7.1.1, and Catalyst™ were 92.13 5.79 ms, 123.11 6.44 ms, and 303.44 4.28 ms, respectively. The beam off time delays in AlignRT™ V6.3.226, AlignRT™ V7.1.1, and Catalyst™ were 121.87 1.34 ms, 119.33 0.75 ms, and 97.69 2.02 ms, respectively. Furthermore, the beam on delays decreased slightly as dose rates increased for all gating systems, whereas the beam off delays remained unaffected.ConclusionsThe validation results demonstrate the proposed QA approach of beam time delay for respiratory‐gated radiotherapy was both reproducible and time‐efficient to practice for institutions to customize accordingly.
Prognostic Value of the 2019 EULAR/American College of Rheumatology Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Classification Criteria to Renal Response One Year After Treatment in a Cohort With Childhood‐Onset Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Patrizi Sara T. , Tandel Megha D. , Boothroyd Derek , Simard Julia F. , Hsu Joyce J. 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveIn 2019, the EULAR/American College of Rheumatology developed classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A positive correlation between summary score at diagnosis and SLE disease activity at five years has been noted in adult patients with lupus, but little is known among the pediatric population. We evaluated the prognostic value of higher summary scores and number of extrarenal domains at diagnosis (low/moderate number [1–5] vs high number [6–9]) to renal outcomes after one year of treatment in pediatric patients with lupus nephritis (LN).MethodsThis retrospective, single‐center cohort study included 74 pediatric patients with LN. Published pediatric renal response definitions were used for our outcome measure (no, partial, and complete response). Descriptive statistics were reported, and an ordinal logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for renal response including 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsPatients with high extrarenal domains had OR 1.47 (95% CI 0.55–2.91) of having a complete renal response compared to patients with low/moderate domains. Patients with a summary score <30 had OR 1.31 (95% CI 0.50–3.44) of having a complete renal response relative to a summary score ≥30, though a larger proportion of patients with a summary score of ≥30 had no renal response after one year of treatment.ConclusionMore extrarenal domains at diagnosis did not have a statistically significant impact on renal response at one year, nor did a higher summary score. However, a larger portion of patients with a summary score <30 achieved complete renal response compared to patients with a score ≥30.
Enhancement of Bone Tissue Regeneration with Multi‐Functional Nanoparticles by Coordination of Immune, Osteogenic, and Angiogenic Responses
Authors: Jeong Hyewoo , Byun Hayeon , Lee Jinkyu , Han Yujin , Huh Seung Jae , Shin Heungsoo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractInorganic nanoparticles are promising materials for bone tissue engineering due to their chemical resemblance to the native bone structure. However, most studies are unable to capture the entirety of the defective environment, providing limited bone regenerative abilities. Hence, this study aims to develop a multifunctional nanoparticle to collectively control the defective bone niche, including immune, angiogenic, and osteogenic systems. The nanoparticles, self‐assembled by biomimetic mineralization and tannic acid (TA)‐mediated metal‐polyphenol network (MPN), are released sustainably after the incorporation within a gelatin cryogel. The released nanoparticles display a reduction in M1 macrophages by means of reactive oxygen species (ROS) elimination. Consequently, osteoclast maturation is also reduced, which is observed by the minimal formation of multinucleated cells (0.4%). Furthermore, the proportion of M2 macrophages, osteogenic differentiation, and angiogenic potential are consistently increased by the effects of magnesium from the nanoparticles. This orchestrated control of multiple systems influences the in vivo vascularized bone regeneration in which 80% of the critical‐sized bone defect is regenerated with new bones with mature lamellar structure and arteriole‐scale micro‐vessels. Altogether, this study emphasizes the importance of the coordinated modulation of immune, osteogenic, and angiogenic systems at the bone defect site for robust bone regeneration.