bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrospinning engineering of gas electrodes for high‐performance lithium–gas batteries
Authors: Wang Jingzhao , Chen Xin , Wang Jianan , Cui Xiangming , Wang Ze , Zhang Guangpeng , Lyu Wei , Shkunov Maxim , Silva S. Ravi P. , Liao Yaozu , Yang Kai , Yan Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLithium–gas batteries (LGBs) have garnered significant attention due to their impressive high‐energy densities and unique gas conversion capability. Nevertheless, the practical application of LGBs faces substantial challenges, including sluggish gas conversion kinetics inducing in low‐rate performance and high overpotential, along with limited electrochemical reversibility leading to poor cycle life. The imperative task is to develop gas electrodes with remarkable catalytic activity, abundant active sites, and exceptional electrochemical stability. Electrospinning, a versatile and well‐established technique for fabricating fibrous nanomaterials, has been extensively explored in LGB applications. In this work, we emphasize the critical structure–property for ideal gas electrodes and summarize the advancement of employing electrospun nanofibers (NFs) for performance enhancement in LGBs. Beyond elucidating the fundamental principles of LGBs and the electrospinning technique, we focus on the systematic design of electrospun NF‐based gas electrodes regarding optimal structural fabrication, catalyst handling and activation, and catalytic site optimization, as well as considerations for large‐scale implementation. The demonstrated principles and regulations for electrode design are expected to inspire broad applications in catalyst‐based energy applications.
Regulating Lewis Acid‐Base Sites over Fenton System for Enhancing Degradation of Pollutants in Saline and Buffered Wastewater†
Authors: Chen Zhuan , Li Jun , Yang Bo , Cao Jiazhen , Zhu Lingli , Xing Mingyang 
Published: June 2024

Comprehensive SummaryThe saline and buffered environment in actual wastewater imposes higher demands on Fenton and Fenton‐like catalytic systems. This study developed a MoS2 co‐catalytic Fe2O3 Fenton‐like system with controllable Lewis acid‐base sites, achieving efficient treatment of various model pollutants and actual industrial wastewater under neutral buffered environment. The acidic microenvironment structured by the edge S sites (Lewis basic sites) in the MoS2/Fe2O3 catalyst is susceptible to the influence of Lewis acidic sites constructed by Mo and Fe element, affecting catalytic performance. Optimizing the ratio of precursor amounts ensures the stable presence of the acidic microenvironment on the surface of catalyst, enabling the beneficial co‐catalytic effect of Mo sites to be realized. Furthermore, it transcends the rigid constraints imposed by the Fenton reaction on reaction environments, thereby expanding the applicability of commonplace oxides such as Fe2O3 in actual industrial water remediation.
The Effect of Different Statin‐Based Lipid‐Lowering Strategies on C‐Reactive Protein Levels in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Xue Zhimin , Ye Miao , Jiang Hangpan , Li Duanbin , Hong Xulin , Chen Zhezhe , Li Ya , Zhou Binquan , Zhang Wenbin , Wang Miaoyun 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundStatins are lipid‐lowering drugs with favorable anti‐inflammatory effects. This study aimed to explore different statin‐based lipid‐lowering strategies to reduce high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP).HypothesisThe hypothesis is that different statin‐based lipid‐lowering strategies might reduce hs‐CRP.MethodsThis retrospective study included 3653 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Three statin‐based lipid‐lowering strategies were investigated, including different types of statins (atorvastatin vs. rosuvastatin), statin combined with ezetimibe therapy (vs. without), and intensive statin therapy (vs. regular). The hs‐CRP levels and blood lipid indicators were measured at baseline and after 1‐month lipid‐lowering therapy. Multivariable linear regression analysis and structural equation mode analysis were conducted to verify the association between different lipid‐lowering strategies, Δhs‐CRP (%) and ΔLDL‐C (%).ResultsTotally, 3653 patients were enrolled with an average age of 63.81 years. Multivariable linear regression demonstrated that statin combined with ezetimibe therapy was significantly associated with decreased Δhs‐CRP (%) (β = −0.253, 95% CI: [−0.501 to −0.005], p = 0.045). The increased ΔLDL‐C (%) was an independent predictor of elevated levels of Δhs‐CRP (%) (β = 0.487, 95% CI: [0.15−0.824], p = 0.005). Furthermore, structural equation model analysis proved that statin combined with ezetimibe therapy (β = −0.300, p < 0.001) and intensive statin therapy (β = −0.032, p = 0.043) had an indirect negative effect on Δhs‐CRP via ΔLDL‐C.ConclusionsCompared with routine statin use, statin combined with ezetimibe therapy and intensive statin therapy could further reduce hs‐CRP levels.
Inhibition Clathrin Mediated Endocytosis: Pitstop 1 and Pitstop 2 Chimeras
Authors: Prichard Kate , Chau Ngoc , Xue Jing , Krauss Michael , Sakoff Jennette A. , Gilbert Jayne , Bahnik Claudia , Muehlbauer Maria , Radetzki Silke , Robinson Phillip J. , Haucke Volker , McCluskey Adam 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTwenty‐five chimera compounds of Pitstop 1 and 2 were synthesised and screened for their ability to block the clathrin terminal domain‐amphiphysin protein‐protein interaction (NTD‐PPI using an ELISA) and clathrin mediated endocytosis (CME) in cells. Library 1 was based on Pitstop 2, but no notable clathrin PPI or in‐cell activity was observed. With the Pitstop 1, 16 analogues were produced with 1,8‐naphthalic imide core as a foundation. Analogues with methylene spaced linkers and simple amides showed a modest to good range of PPI inhibition (7.6–42.5 μM, naphthyl 39 and 4‐nitrophenyl 40 respectively) activity. These data reveal the importance of the naphthalene sulfonate moiety, with no des‐SO3 analogue displaying PPI inhibition. This was consistent with the observed analogue docked poses within the clathrin terminal domain Site 1 binding pocket. Further modifications targeted the naphthalene imide moiety, with the installation of 5‐Br (45 a), 5‐OH (45 c) and 5‐propyl ether (45 d) moieties. Among them, the OH 45 c and propyl ether 45 d retained PPI inhibition, with propyl ether 45 d being the most active with a PPI inhibition IC50=7.3 μM. This is 2x more potent than Pitstop 2 and 3x more potent than Pitstop 1.
Azologs of the Fatty Acid Mimetic Drug Cinalukast Enable Light‐Induced PPARα Activation
Authors: Sai Minh , van Herwijnen Niels , Merk Daniel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPhoto‐switchable nuclear receptor modulators (“photohormones”) enable spatial and temporal control over transcription factor activity and are valuable precision tools for biological studies. We have developed a new photohormone chemotype by incorporating a light‐switchable motif in the scaffold of a cinalukast‐derived PPARα ligand and tuned light‐controlled activity by systematic structural variation. An optimized photohormone exhibited PPARα agonism in its light‐induced (Z)‐configuration and strong selectivity over related lipid‐activated transcription factors representing a valuable addition to the collection of light‐controlled tools to study nuclear receptor activity.
Evidence of Energy and Hole Transfer between 2D CdSe0.7Te0.3 Alloy NPLs with Porphyrin Molecules
Authors: Ghosh Pameli , Medda Anusri , Ghosh Soubhik , Patra Amitava 
Published: June 2024

AbstractColloidal two‐dimensional (2D) nanoplatelets (NPLs) have been extensively studied owing to promising potential in optoelectronic applications. Here, we have reported the preparation of 2D CdSeTe alloy NPLs and investigated their energy and charge transfer with porphyrin molecules. The red shifting in the optical properties suggests the change in the band gaps. Furthermore, the energy and the charge transfer are evident in the composite of CdSeTe alloy NPLs with 5,10,15,20‐tetra(4pyridyl)‐porphyrin (TpyP) molecules. The quenching in the photoluminescence (PL) spectra and PL decay time supports the energy transfer (~61 % efficiency) and the charge transfer. The thermodynamically feasible hole transfer is evidenced by the band alignment of the alloy NPLs and TpyP molecules, which is further supported by a transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) study. The TA study found the hole transfer within ~3 ps time scale, proving the effective charge carrier separation for better optoelectronic applications.
Elevating the Performance of Heterometallic 3d/4f SMMs: The Role of Diamagnetic CoIII and ZnII Ions in Magnetization Dynamics
Authors: Vipanchi  , Vignesh Kuduva R. , Armenis Alexandros S. , Alexandropoulos Dimitris I. , Stamatatos Theocharis C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecent advances in the synthesis of 3d/4f Single‐Molecule Magnets (SMMs) have revealed the effective role of incorporating diamagnetic CoIII or ZnII ions to enhance the magnetic properties of LnIII ions. This concept highlights notable examples of CoIII/LnIII and ZnII/LnIII SMMs documented in the recent literature, illustrating how the selection of various peripheral and/or bridging ligands can modulate the magnetic anisotropy of 4f metal ions, thereby increasing their energy barriers.
Validation of a novel alcohol‐free preservative solution in comparison with conventional prefixation on quality of serous body fluid smears
Authors: Ambalaparambil Anagha , Perumal Prasanna Venkadesa , Gochhait Debasis , Siddaraju Neelaiah 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundWe describe a novel alcohol‐free preservative composed of glucose, mannitol, disodium hydrogen orthophosphate, thymol, and distilled water (glucose‐mannitol–disodium dihydrogen orhtophosphate‐thymol [GMDT] preservative) in appropriate proportion as an alternative to alcohol prefixation (APF) of body fluids.ObjectivesTo assess the cytomorphologic preservation and staining quality of serous body fluid smears generated by GMDT preservative and compare it with smears processed by standard 50% APF.MethodologyThe study comprised 151 effusion samples. Each sample was equally divided into four tubes. Equal volumes of APF and GMDT preservatives were added to the first two tubes and left at room temperature for 24 h. Similarly, the corresponding preservatives were added to the third and fourth tubes and stored for 48 h. Two smears were prepared from the centrifuged sediments of each tube (all four tubes) and stained with May‐Grünwald Giemsa and Papanicolaou (Pap) stains. Using a three‐tiered scoring system, the smear examination was blinded to assess the extent of cellular preservation and the staining quality by two cytotechnologists and two cytopathologists. Statistical analysis was performed by STATA 16.0.ResultsSamples processed with the GMDT preservative at 24 h showed better cytoplasmic preservation and smear background, while nuclear features and staining quality showed no difference between the two preservatives. Mild cytoplasmic and nuclear degenerative changes were noted with the GMDT at 48 h, while all four parameters remained similar with APF at 24 and 48 h.ConclusionsThe newly developed alcohol‐free, GMDT preservative, could be a feasible and cost‐effective alternative to 50% APF, preferably when samples are processed within 24 h.
White‐tailed deer population dynamics in a multipredator landscape shaped by humans
Authors: Ganz Taylor R. , Bassing Sarah B. , DeVivo Melia T. , Gardner Beth , Kertson Brian N. , Satterfield Lauren C. , Shipley Lisa A. , Turnock Benjamin Y. , Walker Savanah L. , Abrahamson Derek , Wirsing Aaron J. , Prugh Laura R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLarge terrestrial mammals increasingly rely on human‐modified landscapes as anthropogenic footprints expand. Land management activities such as timber harvest, agriculture, and roads can influence prey population dynamics by altering forage resources and predation risk via changes in habitat, but these effects are not well understood in regions with diverse and changing predator guilds. In northeastern Washington state, USA, white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) are vulnerable to multiple carnivores, including recently returned gray wolves (Canis lupus), within a highly human‐modified landscape. To understand the factors governing predator–prey dynamics in a human context, we radio‐collared 280 white‐tailed deer, 33 bobcats (Lynx rufus), 50 cougars (Puma concolor), 28 coyotes (C. latrans), and 14 wolves between 2016 and 2021. We first estimated deer vital rates and used a stage‐structured matrix model to estimate their population growth rate. During the study, we observed a stable to declining deer population (lambda = 0.97, 95% confidence interval: 0.88, 1.05), with 74% of Monte Carlo simulations indicating population decrease and 26% of simulations indicating population increase. We then fit Cox proportional hazard models to evaluate how predator exposure, use of human‐modified landscapes, and winter severity influenced deer survival and used these relationships to evaluate impacts on overall population growth. We found that the population growth rate was dually influenced by a negative direct effect of apex predators and a positive effect of timber harvest and agricultural areas. Cougars had a stronger effect on deer population dynamics than wolves, and mesopredators had little influence on the deer population growth rate. Areas of recent timber harvest had 55% more forage biomass than older forests, but horizontal visibility did not differ, suggesting that timber harvest did not influence predation risk. Although proximity to roads did not affect the overall population growth rate, vehicle collisions caused a substantial proportion of deer mortalities, and reducing these collisions could be a win–win for deer and humans. The influence of apex predators and forage indicates a dual limitation by top‐down and bottom‐up factors in this highly human‐modified system, suggesting that a reduction in apex predators would intensify density‐dependent regulation of the deer population owing to limited forage availability.
Quantifying impacts of recreation on elk (Cervus canadensis) using novel modeling approaches
Authors: Procko Michael , Winder Samantha G. , Wood Spencer A. , Sevigny Michael , Collins Dylan G. , Alves Molly , Prugh Laura R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecreation is known to impact wildlife by displacing and sometimes contributing to the extirpation of sensitive species, underscoring a need for policies that balance wildlife and recreation. This is especially pressing when Indigenous rights necessitate ecological integrity and sustainable populations of wildlife throughout traditional territories. In the Cascade Mountain Range of Washington, USA, Indigenous harvest of elk (Cervus canadensis) is declining, concurrent with increases in recreation. Yet, the nature and magnitude of the effects of recreation on elk are unknown, which prevents land managers from developing informed policies regarding recreation and wildlife management. Here, we use camera traps alongside visitation models that incorporate geolocated social media to quantify the impacts of recreation on elk in western Washington. Random forest models show elk detection rates are relatively constant at low levels of recreation (0–11 people/day), but decrease by over 41% when recreation increases from 12 to 22 people/day. Activity overlap analysis also revealed a shift toward increased evening activity by elk at cameras with higher‐than‐average recreation (∆ = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.61–0.88; χ2 = 7.79, p = 0.02). Generalized additive modeling confirms that elk are more crepuscular or nocturnal at camera locations with more than 10 hiker detections per day. We compare methods for estimating recreation, showing model‐based estimates are more informative than camera‐based estimates. This indicates that recreational intensity along and in the immediate vicinity of trails may be a better predictor of impacts on wildlife than camera‐based estimates that quantify recreational intensity at specific locations along trails. We stress the importance of examining the impacts of recreation on wildlife across multiple spatiotemporal scales and underscore how novel approaches can provide land managers valuable tools to develop management strategies that balance recreation and wildlife. We hope that our work can also serve as a strong example of collaboration between universities, state agencies, and sovereign Indigenous nations toward the broader goal of mitigating the negative impacts of recreation on wildlife.
A Homochiral Hexagadolinium Phosphonate Cluster: Structure, Chiral Electrochemical Recognition and a Large Magnetocaloric Effect
Authors: Qian Qing‐Qing , Huang Jian , Jia Jia‐Ge , Wu Qiong , Ren Min , Zheng Li‐Min 
Published: June 2024

AbstractChiral lanthanide clusters have promising applications in chiral recognition, magneto‐optical memories, and spintronic devices. Nonetheless, the precise prediction and controlled development of homochiral polynuclear Ln‐complexes is still a challenge. Herein, through multidentate chelate synthetic strategy, a new homochiral hexagadolinium phosphonate cluster designated as R/S‐[Gd6(pmhpH)8(NO3)2(H2O)8]⋅19H2O (R/S‐1) was successfully obtained by reacting chiral phosphonomethylhomoproline(pmhpH3) with Gd(III) salt. The cluster, shaped like a lantern, is constructed from {GdO8} polyhedra and {PO3C} tetrahedra surrounded by eight pmhpH2− ligands. Within the structure, two types of gadolinium ions with different coordination modes are observed. Each Gd(III) ion is bound to two carboxylate oxygens and six phosphonate oxygens from the coordinated pmhpH2− ligands. Circular dichroism spectra comfirmed that R/S‐1 exists as a pair of enantiomers. Moreover, the cluster exhibits high thermal stability, decomposing at temperatures exceeding 335 °C. Notably, the chiral cluster materials can be used for enantiomeric recognition for tryptophan (Trp) with the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) peak current ratio (ID/IL) 2.74. Besides, the magnetic measurements revealed that compound R‐1 exhibits a good magnetocaloric effect (MCE) with a maximum entropy change of −ΔSmmax=36.84 Jkg−1 K−1 at T=2 K and ΔH=7 T.
Performance augmentation of photovoltaic solar chimneys using asphalt material
Authors: Saleh Mansour J. , Atallah Faris S. , Ahmed Omer K. , Algburi Sameer 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this study, an experimental model of a photovoltaic (PV) solar chimney (SC) was built and study the extent to which the asphalt material, being a phase‐change material, affects its performance electrical and thermal. Results were taken for the two systems: The photovoltaic solar chimney which contains phase change material (SCPV‐PCM), and the photovoltaic solar chimney which does not contain phase change material (SCPV). The finding demonstrated that the PCM affects the SCPV electrical and thermal performance; the results were as follows: The electrical power for the SCPV‐PCM system increased during the day and its highest value at noon was 384.34 W, and then it began to decrease. The SCPV system had a higher power at the end of the test, 73.24 W, due to the lower temperature of the PV panel. The highest electrical efficiency was for the SCPV‐PCM system at the beginning of the test, reaching the highest value of 13.12%, then it decreased at the end of the test to be less than the SCPV system at 5:00 pm. The thermal efficiency of the SCPV‐PCM arrangement is lesser than the arrangement that does not contain PCM, reaching its highest value at noon, which was 57.1% for the SCPV system. The total efficiency of the SCPV‐PCM system is lesser than the SCPV system from the beginning of the test until 3:30 pm approximately, reaching its highest value of 68.05% at noon.
The orchestrated feature of Cornus kousa fruit and gut microbiota against obesity via integrated pharmacology
Authors: Oh Ki‐Kwang , Yoon Sang‐Jun , Lee Sang Youn , Sharma Satya Priya , Won Sung‐Min , Jeong Jin‐Ju , Kim Dong Joon , Suk Ki‐Tae 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCornus kousa fruit (CKF) has been utilized as anti‐obesity supplementation in East Asia, including Korea, and gut microbiota (GM) might have synergistic effects on obesity (OB) via its interplay. We aimed to decode molecule(s), mechanism(s), and target(s) on interplay between CKF and GM via network pharmacology analysis. The final targets were analyzed by protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks and a bubble plot. The GM interacted with significant targets identified by the gutMGene database. The relationships among CKF or GM, signaling pathways, targets, and molecules (CGSTM) were plotted by R package. Finally, molecular docking assay and density functional theory (DFT) were performed to validate its affinity. The final targets (22) were selected on OB‐responded targets, indicating that interleukin‐6 (IL6) was the most crucial protein‐coding target on PPI networks. A bubble plot and CGSTM networks suggested that the advanced glycation end‐receptor for advanced glycation end products signaling pathway in diabetic complications is inhibited by CKF and peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway is activated by GM. As the most stable conformers, IL6‐equol complex was attributed to GM, and PPAR alpha‐linoleic acid, PPAR delta‐stearic acid, and fatty acid–binding protein 4‐dimethyl 2,3‐bis(1,3‐dimethylindol‐2‐yl) fumarate complex were attributed to CKF. Noticeably, stearic acid was removed by DFT analysis; all other three molecules were proposed as good electron donators with the higher electronegativity compared with a standard drug (Orlistat). This study shows that integrated pharmacological analysis can enable to decode the unknown relationships between CKF and GM. Overall, this study reveals that the combination of CKF and favorable GM might exert dual therapeutic effects on OB.
Myelinated peripheral axons are more vulnerable to mechanical trauma in a model of enlarged axonal diameters
Authors: Gargareta Vasiliki‐Ilya , Berghoff Stefan A. , Krauter Doris , Hümmert Sophie , Marshall‐Phelps Katy L. H. , Möbius Wiebke , Nave Klaus‐Armin , Fledrich Robert , Werner Hauke B. , Eichel‐Vogel Maria A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe velocity of axonal impulse propagation is facilitated by myelination and axonal diameters. Both parameters are frequently impaired in peripheral nerve disorders, but it is not known if the diameters of myelinated axons affect the liability to injury or the efficiency of functional recovery. Mice lacking the adaxonal myelin protein chemokine‐like factor‐like MARVEL‐transmembrane domain‐containing family member‐6 (CMTM6) specifically from Schwann cells (SCs) display appropriate myelination but increased diameters of peripheral axons. Here we subjected Cmtm6‐cKo mice as a model of enlarged axonal diameters to a mild sciatic nerve compression injury that causes temporarily reduced axonal diameters but otherwise comparatively moderate pathology of the axon/myelin‐unit. Notably, both of these pathological features were worsened in Cmtm6‐cKo compared to genotype‐control mice early post‐injury. The increase of axonal diameters caused by CMTM6‐deficiency thus does not override their injury‐dependent decrease. Accordingly, we did not detect signs of improved regeneration or functional recovery after nerve compression in Cmtm6‐cKo mice; depleting CMTM6 in SCs is thus not a promising strategy toward enhanced recovery after nerve injury. Conversely, the exacerbated axonal damage in Cmtm6‐cKo nerves early post‐injury coincided with both enhanced immune response including foamy macrophages and SCs and transiently reduced grip strength. Our observations support the concept that larger peripheral axons are particularly susceptible toward mechanical trauma.