bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pablo Picasso to Jasper Johns: a Raman study of cobalt‐based synthetic inorganic pigments
Authors: Casadio F. , Bezúr A. , Fiedler I. , Muir K. , Trad T. , Maccagnola S. 
Published: July 2012

The Raman spectra of approximately 20 reference samples of cobalt‐based green and violet artists' pigments of various provenance (present day manufactory, historical reference pigments and samples from a contemporary artist's studio) were acquired to assist in the identification of unknown cobalt‐based pigments in works by Pablo Picasso (1881–1973) and Jasper Johns (b. 1930). Specifically, Raman spectra were obtained for various cobalt titanate greens (Co2TiO4), highlighting variability in peak positions because of ionic substitutions in the spinel structures of such pigments. The Raman spectra of the cobalt violet pigments magnesium cobalt arsenate (MgxCo3‐x(AsO4)2) and hydrated forms, ammonium cobalt phosphate hydrate (NH4CoPO4*H2O), and anhydrous cobalt phosphate, Co3(PO4)2were also recorded; some of which are presented here for the first time. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), x‐ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and x‐ray diffraction (XRD) were employed to confirm the composition of the reference materials. An optimal technique to characterize microscopic cross sections from the studied artworks is Raman microscopy, which can also provide valuable information on the hydration states of the examined phases. The multi‐analytical methodology allowed the identification of the unknown green pigment used by Jasper Johns as cobalt titanate green (C.I. PG 50); representing the first documented occurrence of this pigment in the palette of a renowned contemporary artist. Both magnesium cobalt arsenate (in anhydrous and hydrated forms) and anhydrous cobalt phosphate were identified in the Picasso painting.This research advances the knowledge of 20th century synthetic inorganic pigments used by artists and documents their usage in actual works of art. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Varying malignant potential of appendiceal neuroendocrine tumors: Importance of histologic subtype
Authors: Hsu Cary , Rashid Asif , Xing Yan , Chiang Yi‐Ju , Chagpar Ryaz B. , Fournier Keith F. , Chang George J. , You Y. Nancy , Feig Barry W. , Cormier Janice N. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackgroundNeuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the appendix include malignant carcinoid tumor (MCT), goblet cell carcinoid (GCT), and composite goblet cell carcinoid‐adenocarcinoma (CGCC‐A).MethodsWe compared characteristics and outcomes of these histologic subtypes. Patients with appendiceal NETs were identified from the National Cancer Database (1998–2007). Descriptive statistics were used to compare cohorts and associations between clinicopathologic factors and overall survival (OS) were examined using Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsA total of 2,812 patients with appendiceal NETs were identified. The most common histologic subtype was GCT (59.6%), followed by MCT (32.1%), CGCC‐A (6.9%), and others (1.4%). CGCC‐A had a significantly higher incidence of lymph node metastases (odds ratio [OR], 3.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1–4.8) and distant metastases (OR, 6.0; 95% CI = 3.8–9.3) than GCT. The 5‐year OS was 86.3% (95% CI, 81.4–89.9) for MCT, 77.6% (95% CI, 74.0–80.8) for GCT, and 56.3% (95% CI, 42.1–68.4) for CGCC‐A (P < 0.0001).ConclusionAppendiceal NETs represent a spectrum of disease with varying malignant potential: MCT (low), GCT (intermediate), and CGCC‐A (high). GCTs represent the most common subtype, whereas CGCC‐As place the patient at highest risk for regional and distant metastases and have the worst prognosis. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:136–143. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Inducing cell proliferation inhibition and apoptosis via silencing Dicer, Drosha, and Exportin 5 in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder
Authors: Han Yonghua , Liu Yuchen , Gui Yaoting , Cai Zhiming 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are aberrantly expressed in cancers. Dicer, Drosha, and Exportin 5 are essential for miRNA processing. In this study, the expression patterns of Dicer, Drosha, and Exportin 5 and the cell proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induced by silencing these genes in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder were determined.MethodsThe expression levels of Dicer, Drosha, and Exportin 5 were determined using Real‐Time qPCR in 40 patients with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Bladder urothelial carcinoma T24 and 5637 cells were transfected with Dicer, Drosha, or Exportin 5 siRNA or negative control siRNA. Cell proliferation was determined using MTT assay. Apoptosis was evaluated using ELISA assay.ResultsAll the three genes were up‐regulated in bladder urothelial carcinoma compared to matched normal urothelium. Dicer, Drosha, and Exportin 5 expression levels were higher in high grade carcinomas than that in low grade carcinomas. Invasive carcinomas had higher expression levels than non‐invasive carcinomas. Silencing Dicer, Drosha, or Exportin 5 induced cell proliferation inhibition and apoptosis in bladder urothelial carcinoma T24 and 5637 cells.ConclusionsDicer, Drosha, and Exportin 5 are promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:201–205. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Charging Behavior and Stability of the Novel Amino Group Containing Cellulose Ester Cellulose‐4‐[N‐methylamino]butyrate Hydrochloride
Authors: Zarth Cíntia Salomão Pinto , Zemljič Lidija Fras , Čakara Duško , Bračič Matej , Pfeifer Annett , Stana‐Kleinschek Karin , Heinze Thomas 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe charging behavior of water‐soluble cellulose‐4‐[N‐methylamino]butyrate hydrochloride (CMABH) with different degree of substitution (DS) is investigated by polyelectrolyte titration at different pH values. Samples of high DS (0.92) and low DS (0.31) exhibit a decrease in positively charged groups from pH 2 (3.9 and 1.9 mmol g−1) to pH 9 (0.81 and 0.65 mmol g−1) due to the deprotonation of the ammonium groups. The stability of the ester linkage of CMABH is examined as a function of pH value and storage time (up to 28 d). A hydrolysis of the ester moiety is evident after 2 h at pH 8, which is also proved by ATR‐FTIR‐ and Raman spectroscopy.
A Fourier‐Mukai approach to the enumerative geometry of principally polarized abelian surfaces
Authors: Maciocia Antony 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe study twisted ideal sheaves of small length on an irreducible principally polarized abelian surface \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$({\mathbb T},\ell )$\end{document}. Using Fourier‐Mukai techniques we associate certain jumping schemes to such sheaves and completely classify such loci. We give examples of applications to the enumerative geometry of \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}${\mathbb T}$\end{document} and show that no smooth genus 5 curve on such a surface can contain a \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$g^1_3$\end{document}. We also describe explicitly the singular divisors in the linear system |2ℓ|.
Clothing Style, Music, and Media Influences on Adolescents’ Brand Consumption Behavior
Authors: Badaoui Khafid , Lebrun Anne‐Marie , Bouchet Patrick 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTThis research focuses on the influence of clothing style identification on adolescents’ brand consumption behavior. The sample consisted of 1063 adolescents. The results indicated that the clothing brands adolescents prefer depend upon the clothing style with which they are identified. The role of media and music on Generation Y adolescents and on their clothing consumption was confirmed. Adolescents’ group identification and adolescents’ sensitivity to media and music vary according to their clothing styles. These data can be employed by firms to develop brands strategies.
The Behavioral Effects of Negative Product Placements in Movies
Authors: Redondo Ignacio 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTNo previous studies have examined how negative brand placements influence consumer behavior. According to this study's theoretical framework and empirical results, the effectiveness of these placements varies with the type of negativity—that is, either intrinsically or extrinsically connected to the brand. Based on the elaboration likelihood model, an intrinsically (extrinsically) negative placement will be very (barely) relevant to the viewers who, having (lacking) enough motivation, will process the information through the central (peripheral) route of persuasion. Under the central route, a careful consideration of the intrinsically negative information will discourage the viewers from consuming the brand, especially when they perceive the movie content as being realistic. Under the peripheral route, the extrinsically negative information will not be strong enough to discourage the brand users from consuming the product but will stimulate the brand nonusers to consume it, especially when these people like the movie and have a positive attitude to advertising. The hypothesized effects were confirmed in an experiment with 1103 moviegoers that viewed the film Good Bye, Lenin! under natural conditions in Santiago, Chile. To isolate the influence of two brand placements (Burger King with intrinsic negativity and Coca‐Cola with extrinsic negativity), the participants were randomly assigned to two groups, each one of which viewed the movie with only one of the two placements (the other had been removed).
Redefining Cheminformatics with Intuitive Collaborative Mobile Apps
Authors: Clark Alex M. , Ekins Sean , Williams Antony J. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe proliferation of mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers has recently been extended to include a growing ecosystem of increasingly sophisticated chemistry software packages, commonly known as apps. The capabilities that these apps can offer to the practicing chemist are approaching those of conventional desktop‐based software, but apps tend to be focused on a relatively small range of tasks. To overcome this, chemistry apps must be able to seamlessly transfer data to other apps, and through the network to other devices, as well as to other platforms, such as desktops and servers, using documented file formats and protocols whenever possible. This article describes the development and state of the art with regard to chemistry‐aware apps that make use of facile data interchange, and some of the scenarios in which these apps can be inserted into a chemical information workflow to increase productivity. A selection of contemporary apps is used to demonstrate their relevance to pharmaceutical research. Mobile apps represent a novel approach for delivery of cheminformatics tools to chemists and other scientists, and indications suggest that mobile devices represent a disruptive technology for drug discovery, as they have been to many other industries.
Nearly no Scoring Function Without a Hansch‐Analysis
Authors: Schneider Nadine , Klein Robert , Lange Gudrun , Rarey Matthias 
Published: July 2012

AbstractCorwin Hansch is well‐known as the father, inventor, and promoter of quantitative structure‐activity relationships. Usually, QSAR is seen as a ligand‐based design method correlating molecular structure or property descriptors to biological activity. QSAR is seldom mentioned in relation to structure‐based approaches, although it is the centerpiece of nearly every empirical scoring function. QSAR techniques are applied on various levels, from the fitting of scoring terms to biological affinity data in empirical scoring functions up to the fine‐tuning of individual aspects of protein‐ligand interactions. In the following, we report on current findings for our scoring approach HYDE, which are based upon both the idea of QSAR and Hansch’s historical logP data. We relate the molecular surface area of 594 diverse compounds to their experimental octanol/water partition coefficients aiming at new insights in hydrogen bonding and dehydration energies of solutes. Donors and acceptors which are far from each other contribute with nearly constant increments to the logP value. The solubility in the aqueous phase is however not increased with the number of hydrogen bonds a polar group is able to form. Although signs are found that these facts have been known for many years, they have implications for modern scoring function design.
An extended finite element method approach for structural‐acoustic problems involving immersed structures at arbitrary positions
Authors: Legay Antoine 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYNoise reduction for passengers' comfort in transport industry is now an important constraint to be taken into account during the design process. This process involves to study several configurations of the structures immersed in a given acoustic cavity in the context of an optimization, uncertainty, or reliability study for instance. The finite element method may be used to model this coupled fluid–structure problem but needs an interface conforming mesh for each studied configuration that may become time consuming. This work aims at avoiding this remeshing step by using noncompatible meshes between the fluid and the structures. The immersed structures are supposed to be thin shells and are localized in the fluid domain by a signed distance level‐set. To take into account the pressure discontinuity from one side of the structures to the other one, the fluid pressure approximation is enriched according to the structures positions by a Heaviside function using a partition of unity strategy (extended finite element method). The same fluid mesh of the empty cavity is then used during the whole parametric study. The method is implemented for a three‐dimensional fluid and tested on academic examples before being applied to an industrial‐like case. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Measurement of effective permeability of reinforcement mats using sensitivity analysis
Authors: Kuppusamy Raghu Raja Pandiyan , Shinde Vijay Maruti , Neogi Swati 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA methodology using sensitivity analysis is proposed to measure the effective permeability which includes the interaction of the resin and the reinforcement. Initially, mold‐filling experiments were performed at isothermal conditions on the test specimen and the positions of the flow front were tracked with time using a flow visualization method. Following this, mold‐filling experiments were simulated using a commercial software to obtain the positions of the flow front with time at the process conditions used for experiments. Several iterations were performed using different trial values of the permeability until the experimentally tracked and simulated positions of the flow front with time were matched. Finally, the value of the permeability thus obtained was validated by comparing the positions obtained by performing the experiments at different process conditions with the positions obtained by simulating the experiments. In this study, woven roving and chopped strand mats of E‐class glass fiber and unsaturated polyester resin were used for the experiments. From the results, it was found that the measured permeabilities were consistent with varying process conditions. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Temperature effect on interfacial bonding property of single‐carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite
Authors: Liu H. X. , Gu Y. Z. , Li M. , Zhang D. M. , Li Y. X. , Zhang Z. G. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe changes in interfacial fracture energy of three kinds of commercially sized carbon fiber (CF)/epoxy resin composites in the range from ambient temperature to 130°C were investigated using the single‐fiber fragmentation test to evaluate the heat resistance of the interphase. The effects of CF sizing on the interfacial bonding property were studied using desized CF/epoxy resin composites. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry of the combination of sizing and matrix were employed to investigate the role of sizing on the variations in the fiber/matrix interfacial property under elevated temperature. The interfacial fracture energy values of all the studied CF composites were found to decrease quickly during the initial stage of temperature rise and drop gradually at higher temperature. At elevated temperature, the desized CF composites had higher heat resistance than the corresponding sized fiber composites. The differences in the interfacial heat resistance among the three kinds of CF composites and the difference in the interfacial thermal stability between the sized and the desized fiber composites were related to different glass transition temperatures of the interphases. The interaction between sizing and the matrix and the chain motion of the crosslink structure of the interphase has been suggested to determine the interfacial heat resistance. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Cytogenetic and morphological analysis of early products of conception following hystero‐embryoscopy from couples with recurrent pregnancy loss
Authors: Robberecht Caroline , Pexsters Anne , Deprest Jan , Fryns Jean‐Pierre , D'Hooghe Thomas , Vermeesch Joris Robert 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTObjectiveOur knowledge about miscarriages mainly concerns pregnancies of at least 8 weeks’ gestation. Information about the morphology and the genetic determinants of early aborted embryos remains limited. In addition, it is known that aneuploidies account for less than half of recurrent spontaneous abortions. We hypothesized that (recurrent) early pregnancy losses might have other genetic causes.MethodProducts of conception from 51 couples with at least one previous miscarriage were collected by hystero‐embryoscopy. The extracted DNA was analyzed by low resolution array comparative genomic hybridization and high resolution single nucleotide polymorphism arrays to detect aneuploidies, polyploidies, submicroscopic copy number variants or copy neutral loss of heterozygosity.ResultsChromosomal aberrations were identified in 65.6% (21/32) of miscarriages and in 89% (8/9) of anembryonic cases. Interestingly, 4/11 chromosomally euploid embryos contained regions of loss of heterozygosity >5 Mb, suggesting the miscarriages might be due to an underlying lethal recessive disease.ConclusionHystero‐embryoscopic biopsy followed by array comparative genomic hybridization is a valuable diagnostic tool for early and recurrent miscarriages. Genome‐wide high resolution single nucleotide polymorphism microarray analysis of a larger group of miscarriages could provide more insight into the genetic causes of recurrent spontaneous abortion. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Safety of saxagliptin: rationale for and design of a series of postmarketing observational studies
Authors: Lo Re Vincent , Haynes Kevin , Ming Eileen E. , Wood Ives Jennifer , Horne Laura N. , Fortier Kimberly , Carbonari Dena M. , Hennessy Sean , Cardillo Serena , Reese Peter P. , Reddy K. Rajender , Margolis David , Apter Andrea , Kimmel Stephen E. , Roy Jason , Freeman Cristin P. , Razzaghi Hanieh , Holick Crystal N. , Esposito Daina B. , Van Staa Tjeerd‐Pieter , Bhullar Harshvinder , Strom Brian L. 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTPurposeTo describe the design and rationale of a series of postmarketing studies to examine the safety of saxagliptin, an oral dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, in real‐world settings.MethodsWe are conducting a series of retrospective cohort studies using two UK (General Practice Research Database, and The Health Improvement Network) and two US (Medicare, HealthCore Integrated Research DatabaseSM) data sources. The primary outcomes of interest will include (i) hospitalization with acute liver failure, (ii) hospitalization for acute kidney injury, (iii) hospitalization for severe hypersensitivity reactions, (iv) hospitalization for severe infections, (v) hospitalization with infections associated with T‐lymphocyte dysfunction (i.e., herpes zoster, tuberculosis, or nontuberculous mycobacteria), and (vi) major cardiovascular events. Diagnosis codes for the outcomes of interest will be validated by medical record review within each data source. Projected use and estimated incidence rates of outcomes of interest suggest there will be at least 80% statistical power to detect a minimum hazard ratio of 1.5 for major cardiovascular events, 2.0 for acute kidney injury and severe infections, 2.4 for acute liver failure, and 4.0 for severe hypersensitivity reactions.ResultsForthcoming.ConclusionsThis postmarketing safety assessment will provide important information regarding the safety of saxagliptin and could potentially identify important dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor class effects. The methods described may be useful to others planning similar evaluations. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cumulative energy demand for small molecule and polymer photovoltaics
Authors: Anctil Annick , Babbitt Callie W. , Raffaelle Ryne P. , Landi Brian J. 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTOrganic photovoltaics (OPVs) are expected to be a low cost, environmentally friendly energy solution with advantageous properties such as flexibility and light weight that enable their use in new applications. Considerable progress in power conversion efficiencies has brought OPV technology closer to commercialization. However, little consideration has been given to potential environmental impact associated with their production. Although environmental life cycle studies of OPV exist, their scope is narrow or too reliant on outdated technologies. Some of the most significant recent improvements are the result of new semiconductors materials, which have not yet been assessed from a life cycle perspective. Therefore, this study calculates life cycle embodied energy for 15 new materials encompassing a variety of donor, acceptor, and interface compounds showing the most promise in organic electronics. With the use of new inventory data, life cycle energy impact associated with production of both single junction and multi‐junction architectures has been calculated including bulk heterojunction polymer, planar small molecule, and planar‐mixed small molecule devices. The cumulative energy demand (CED) required to fabricate small molecule and polymer photovoltaics were found to be similar from 2.9 to 5.7 MJ/Wp. This CED is on average of 50% less than for conventional inorganic photovoltaics, motivating the continued development of both technologies. The use of fullerenes was shown to have a dramatic impact on polymer solar cells, comprising 18–30% of the CED, despite only being present in small quantities. Increases in device efficiency are shown to marginally reduce CED for both small molecule and polymer designs. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.