bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zipserite, a new bismuth chalcogenide Bi5(S,Se)4 from Nagybörzsöny in Hungary with a R$\bar{3}$m(00γ)00 modulated structure
Authors: Majzlan Juraj , Ozdín Daniel , Sejkora Jiří , Steciuk Gwladys , Plášil Jakub , Rößler Christiane , Matthes Christian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractZipserite is a new mineral species discovered in a sample collected from the old mine dumps of the abandoned epithermal deposit Nagybörzsöny in Hungary. Zipserite occurs as anhedral to subhedral, lath-like grains, up to 500 μm in size, in hydrothermally strongly altered rocks. It is found at a contact between bismuth and bismuthinite, also associated with rare ikunolite and joséite-A. Zipserite is silvery white with a metallic lustre. Mohs hardness is ca. 2–3 and the calculated density is 7.815 g.cm–3. In reflected light, zipserite is grey–white, with colour and reflectance essentially matching those of bismuthinite. Bireflectance is weak, internal reflections not present. Anisotropy is moderately strong, with dark blue and grey colours of anisotropy. Reflectance values for the four Commission on Ore Mineralogy wavelengths of zipserite in air [Rmax, Rmin (%) (λ in nm)] are: 48.4, 46.4 (470); 47.8, 45.9 (546); 47.8, 45.8 (589); and 47.5, 45.6 (650). The empirical formula, based on electron-microprobe analyses, is (Bi4.74Pb0.31)Σ5.05(S3.38Se0.56Te0.02)Σ3.96, that can be simplified as Bi5(S,Se)4. The ideal end-member formula of zipserite is Bi5S4, which requires Bi 89.07 and S 10.93, total 100 wt.%. Zipserite possesses a fascinating crystal structure. The average structure is trigonal, with space group P$\bar{3}$m, a = 4.162(1) Å, c = 16.397(1) Å, V = 245.94(4) Å3 and Z = 2. The structure is built by the alternation of a double bismuth layer Bi2 and the Bi3S4 block which is a three octahedra thick layer. Its general formula can be expressed as Bi2 + Bi3S4, which corresponds directly to the observed stacking. At 98 K, the structure can be described using the superspace formalism with an R-centred trigonal unit cell a = 4.209(2) Å, c0 = 5.616(6) Å, a modulation vector q ≈ 4/3 c* and the superspace group R$\bar{3}$m(00γ)00. Zipserite is not only a new mineral but also the first named member of a new sub-group of compounds within the broader family of bismuth chalcogenides, characterised by complex stacking of structural units (Bi2 layers and Bi3S4 blocks). Some of these phases are being investigated as promising thermoelectric materials and synthetic analogues of zipserite could also be inspected for similar physical properties.
ABBV-319: a CD19-targeting glucocorticoid receptor modulator antibody-drug conjugate therapy for B-cell malignancies
Authors: Chang Chewei Anderson , Emberley Ethan , D'Souza Aloma L. , Zhao Weilong , Cosgrove Cormac , Parrish Karen , Mitra Diya , Payson Elmer , Oleksijew Anatol , Ellis Paul , Rodriguez Luis , Duggan Ryan , Hrusch Cara , Lasko Loren , Assaily Wissam , Zheng Pingping , Liu Wei , Hernandez Axel , McCarthy Kimberley , Zhang Zhaomei , Rha Geunbae , Cao Zhensheng , Li Yingchun , Perng Olivia , Campbell Jos , Zhang Gloria , Curran Tyler , Bruncko Milan , Marvin Christopher C. , Hobson Adrian , McPherson Michael , Uziel Tamar , Pysz Marybeth A. , Zhao Xi , Bankovich Alex , Hayflick Joel , McDevitt Michael , Freise Kevin J. , Morgan-Lappe Susan , Purcell James W. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Glucocorticoids are key components of the standard-of-care treatment regimens for B-cell malignancy. However, systemic glucocorticoid treatment is associated with several adverse events. ABBV-319 is a CD19-targeting antibody-drug conjugate engineered to reduce glucocorticoid-associated toxicities while possessing 3 distinct mechanisms of action (MOA) to increase therapeutic efficacy: (1) antibody-mediated delivery of a glucocorticoid receptor modulator (GRM) payload to activate apoptosis, (2) inhibition of CD19 signaling, and (3) enhanced fragment crystallizable (Fc)–mediated effector function via afucosylation of the antibody backbone. ABBV-319 elicited potent GRM-driven antitumor activity against multiple malignant B-cell lines in vitro, as well as in cell line-derived xenografts and patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) in vivo. Remarkably, a single dose of ABBV-319 induced sustained tumor regression and enhanced antitumor activity compared with repeated dosing of systemic prednisolone at the maximum tolerated dose in mice. The unconjugated CD19 monoclonal antibody (mAb) also displayed antiproliferative activity in a subset of B-cell lymphoma cell lines through the inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling. Moreover, afucosylation of CD19 mAb enhanced Fc-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Notably, ABBV-319 displayed superior efficacy compared with afucosylated CD19 mAb in human CD34+ peripheral blood mononuclear cell–engrafted NSG-Tg(Hu-IL15) transgenic mice, demonstrating enhanced antitumor activity when multiple MOAs are enabled. ABBV-319 also showed durable antitumor activity across multiple B-cell lymphoma PDX models, including nongerminal center B-cell diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and relapsed lymphoma after R-CHOP treatment. Collectively, these data support the ongoing evaluation of ABBV-319 in a phase 1 clinical trial.
Quorum sensing in bacteria: in silico protein analysis, ecophysiology, and reconstruction of their evolutionary history
Authors: de la Fuente Iñigo , Manzano-Morales Saioa , Sanz David , Prieto Alicia , Barriuso Jorge 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Quorum sensing (QS) is a sophisticated cell-to-cell signalling mechanism that allows the coordination of important processes in microbial populations. The AI-1 and AI-2 autoinducer systems are among the best characterized bacterial QS systems at the genetic level.

Results
In this study, we present data derived from in silico screening of QS proteins from bacterial genomes available in public databases. Sequence analyses allowed identifying candidate sequences of known QS systems that were used to build phylogenetic trees. Eight categories were established according to the number of genes from the two major QS systems present in each genome, revealing a correlation with specific taxa, lifestyles or metabolic traits. Many species had incomplete QS systems, encoding the receptor protein but not the biosynthesis of the quorum sensing molecule (QSMs). Reconstruction of the evolutionary history of the LuxR family and prediction of the 3D structure of the ancestral protein suggested their monomeric configuration in the absence of the signal molecule and the presence of a cavity for its binding.

Conclusions
Here we correlate the taxonomic affiliation and lifestyle of bacteria from different genera with the QS systems encoded in their genomes. Moreover, we present the first ancestral reconstruction of the LuxR QS receptors, providing further insight in their evolutionary history.
Life disturbance and hospital visit experiences among Chinese patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a qualitative study
Authors: An ZiYan , Zhou QiWei , Shao JinPeng , Xiao ShuWei , Zhao Kun , Wei WenJie , Wu YangYang , Song Yong , Yuan Qing , Fu WeiJun , Zhang Xu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The impact of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) on the quality of life of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has been rarely reported. Additionally, the challenges faced by these patients in seeking medical care have often been overlooked. In order to explore the personal struggles caused by LUTS and the difficulties or barriers experienced by Chinese patients with BPH when seeking help, we conducted a qualitative interview study.

Methods
Qualitative interviews were conducted among 46 patients with BPH who were hospitalized in three tertiary hospitals in China from July 2021 to November 2022. Grounded theory was adopted as the methodology for the qualitative study. After obtaining written informed consent from the study participants, semi-structured interviews were conducted according to the question guidelines. The interview process was audio-recorded; subsequently, the recordings were transcribed, coded, and thematically analyzed.

Results
The difficulties faced by Chinese patients with BPH were classified into seven main themes: (i) disturbed life, (ii) mental burden, (iii) disease cognition and communication, (iv) delayed treatment, (v) medication status, (vi) hospital visits barriers, and (vii) medical insurance issues. Further, each theme was subdivided into 2–5 sub-themes.

Conclusions
LUTS have a certain effect on the life and spirit of patients with BPH. These patients face different degrees of difficulties in treatment and hospital visits. Therefore, better healthcare systems and additional social support are crucial for improving the current plight of these patients.
Direct impact of COVID-19 vaccination in Chile: averted cases, hospitalizations, ICU admissions, and deaths
Authors: Brault Antoine , Hart Andrew , Uribe Paula , Prado Jorge , San Martín Jaime , Maass Alejandro , Canals Mauricio 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Chile rapidly implemented an extensive COVID-19 vaccination campaign, deploying a diversity of vaccines with a strategy that prioritized the elderly and individuals with comorbidities. This study aims to assess the direct impact of vaccination on the number of COVID-19 related cases, hospital admissions, ICU admissions and deaths averted during the first year and a half of the campaign.

Methods
Via Chile’s transparency law, we obtained access to weekly event counts categorized by vaccination status and age. Integrating this data with publicly available census and vaccination coverage information, we conducted a comparative analysis of weekly incidence rates between vaccinated and unvaccinated groups from December 20, 2020 to July 2, 2022 to estimate the direct impact of vaccination in terms of the number of cases, hospitalizations, ICU admissions and deaths averted, using an approach that avoids the need to explicitly specify the effectiveness of each vaccine deployed.

Results
We estimated that, from December 20, 2020 to July 2, 2022 the vaccination campaign directly prevented 1,030,648 (95% Confidence Interval: 1,016,975-1,044,321) cases, 268,784 (95% CI: 264,524-273,045) hospitalizations, 85,830 (95% CI: 83,466-88,194) ICU admissions and 75,968 (95% CI: 73,909-78,028) deaths related to COVID-19 among individuals aged 16 years and older. This corresponds to a reduction of 26% of cases, 66% of hospital admissions, 70% of ICU admissions and 67% of deaths compared to a scenario without vaccination. Individuals 55 years old or older represented 67% of hospitalizations, 73% of ICU admissions and 89% of deaths related to COVID-19 prevented.

Conclusions
This study highlights the role of Chile's vaccination campaign in reducing COVID-19 disease burden, with the most substantial reductions observed in severe outcomes.
Low HBV knowledge is associated with low HBV vaccination uptake in general adult population despite incentivization of HBV vaccination
Authors: Kim Thanh Van , Pham Trang Ngoc Doan , Do Brian , Dao Diem Vu Bich , Nguyen Dan Xuan , Lee William , Gish Robert , Mize Gary , Trang Amy , Le Anh , Phan Loc Thi Bich , Ngo Thi-Thuy-Dung , Phan Hai Thanh , Nguyen Binh Tan , Tang Hong Kim , Dao Doan Y 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in Vietnamese adults remains low and unequally distributed. We conducted a study on HBV-naïve adults living in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam, to determine barriers associated with HBV vaccination uptake after removing the financial barrier by providing free coupons for HBV vaccination.

Methods
After being screened for HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc, 284 HBV-naïve study participants aged 18 and over (i.e., negative for HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc total) were provided free 3-dose HBV vaccine coupons. Next, study participants’ receipt of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd doses of HBV vaccine was documented at a pre-specified study healthcare facility, where HBV vaccines were distributed at no cost to the participants. Upon study entry, participants answered questionnaires on sociodemographics, knowledge of HBV and HBV vaccination, and related social and behavioral factors. The proportions of three doses of HBV vaccine uptake and their confidence intervals were analyzed. Associations of HBV vaccine initiation with exposures at study entry were evaluated using modified Poisson regression.

Results
98.9% (281 of 284) of study participants had complete data and were included in the analysis. The proportion of participants obtaining the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd doses of HBV vaccine was 11.7% (95% Confidence Interval [95% CI] 8.0-15.5%), 10.7% (95%CI 7.1–14.3%), and 8.9% (95%CI 5.6–12.2%), respectively. On the other hand, participants were more likely to initiate the 1st dose if they had adequate knowledge of transmission (adjusted relative risk [aRR] = 2.58, 95% CI 1.12–5.92), adequate knowledge of severity (aRR = 6.75, 95%CI 3.38–13.48), and annual health-checking seeking behavior (aRR = 2.04, 95%CI 1.07–3.87).

Conclusion
We documented a low HBV vaccination uptake despite incentivization. However, increased vaccine initiation was associated with better HBV knowledge and annual health check-up adherence. When considering expanding HBV vaccination to the general adult population, we should appreciate that HBV knowledge is an independent predictor of vaccine uptake.
Clostridioides difficile infection, recurrence and the associated healthcare consumption in Sweden between 2006 and 2019: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Boven Annelies , Simin Johanna , Andersson Fredrik L. , Vlieghe Erika , Callens Steven , Zeebari Zangin , Engstrand Lars , Brusselaers Nele 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) causes a major burden to individuals and society, yet the impact may vary depending on age, sex, underlying comorbidities and where CDI was acquired (hospital or community).

Methods
This Swedish nationwide population-based cohort study (2006–2019) compared all 43,150 individuals with CDI to their 355,172 matched controls (first year and entire follow-up). Negative binomial regression models compared the cumulated length of stay, number of in-hospital admissions, outpatient visits and prescriptions after the first CDI episode expressed as incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals for the entire follow-up.

Results
Overall, 91.6% of CDI cases were hospital acquired, and 16.8% presented with recurrence(s); 74.8%of cases were ≥ 65 years and 54.2% were women. Compared to individuals without CDI, in-hospital stay rates were 18.01 times higher after CDI (95% CI 17.40–18.63, first-year: 27.4 versus 1.6 days), 9.45 times higher in-hospital admission (95% CI 9.16–9.76, first-year: 2.6 versus 1.3 hospitalisations), 3.94 times higher outpatient visit (95% CI 3.84–4.05, first-year: 4.0 versus 1.9 visits) and 3.39 times higher dispensed prescriptions rates (95% CI 3.31–3.48, first-year: 25.5 versus 13.7 prescriptions). For all outcomes, relative risks were higher among the younger (< 65 years) than the older (≥ 65 years), and in those with fewer comorbidities, but similar between sexes. Compared to those without recurrence, individuals with recurrence particularly showed a higher rate of hospital admissions (IRR = 1.18, 95% 1.12–1.24). Compared to community-acquired CDI, those with hospital-acquired CDI presented with a higher rate of hospital admissions (IRR = 7.29, 95% CI 6.68–7.96) and a longer length of stay (IRR = 7.64, 95% CI 7.07–8.26).

Conclusion
CDI was associated with increased health consumption in all affected patient groups. The majority of the CDI burden could be contributed to hospital-acquired CDI (~ 9/10), older patients (~ 3/4) and those with multiple comorbidities (~ 6/10 Charlson score ≥ 3), with 1/5 of the total CDI burden contributed to individuals with recurrence. Yet, relatively speaking the burden was higher among the younger and those with fewer comorbidities, compared to their peers without CDI.
Impact of capitation on physicians’ behavior among patients with hypertension: an interrupted time series study in rural China
Authors: Zhang Jiani , Yan Jincao , Shi Yunke , Zhang Ning 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective
The purpose of this study is to explore the change in physicians’ hypertension treatment behavior before and after the reform of the capitation in county medical community.

Methods
Spanning from January 2014 to December 2019, monthly data of outpatient and inpatient were gathered before and after the implementation of the reform in April 2015. We employed interrupted time series analysis method to scrutinize the instantaneous level and slope changes in the indicators associated with physicians’ behavior.

Results
Several indicators related to physicians’ behavior demonstrated enhancement. After the reform, medical cost per visit for inpatient exhibited a reverse trajectory (-53.545, 95%CI: -78.620 to -28.470, p < 0.01). The rate of change in outpatient drug combination decelerated (0.320, 95%CI: 0.149 to 0.491, p < 0.01). The ratio of infusion declined for both outpatient and inpatient cases (-0.107, 95%CI: -0.209 to -0.004, p < 0.1; -0.843, 95%CI: -1.154 to -0.532, p < 0.01). However, the results revealed that overall medical cost per visit and drug proportion for outpatient care continued their initial upward trend. After the reform, the decline of drug proportion for outpatient care was less pronounced compared to the period prior to the reform, and length of stay also had a similar trend.

Conclusion
To some extent, capitation under the county medical community encourages physicians to control the cost and adopt a more standardized diagnosis and treatment behavior. This study provides evidence to consider the impact of policy changes on physicians’ behavior when designing payment methods and healthcare systems aimed at promoting PHC.
The effect of outdoor activities on the medical expenditure of older people: multiple chain mediating effects of health benefits
Authors: Zhu Ge 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
With the global aging population, attention to the health and medical issues of older adults is increasing. By analyzing the relationship between older people's participation in outdoor activities and medical expenditure, this study aims to provide a scientific basis for improving their quality of life and reducing the medical burden.

Methods
Data on outdoor activity participation, medical expenditures, and relevant variables were collected through questionnaires and databases. A multi-chain mediation effect model was established to analyze the impact of outdoor activities on the medical expenditure of older people, considering mediation effects and heterogeneity.

Results
Results revealed that increased participation in outdoor activities among older adults correlated with lower medical expenditures. Outdoor activities positively influenced their health by improving mental health, cognition, eating habits, and activities of daily living, resulting in reduced medical expenditures. Robustness tests confirmed the consistent effect of outdoor activities on older people's medical expenditure.

Conclusion
These findings contribute to understanding the relationship between outdoor activities, health, and medical expenditure in older people, guiding policy formulation and interventions. Encouraging and supporting older adults in outdoor activities can enhance their quality of life and alleviate medical resource strain. The study's conclusions can also inform health promotion measures for other populations and serve as a basis for future research in this area.
Biomechanical analysis of plate versus K-wire fixation for metacarpal shaft fractures with wedge-shaped bone defects
Authors: Chiu Yung-Cheng , Ho Tsung-Yu , Hsu Cheng-En , Yeh Chen-Wei , Ting Yen-Nien , Tsai Ming-Tzu , Hsu Jui-Ting 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Metacarpal shaft fracture is a common type of hand fracture. Numerous studies have explored fixing transverse fractures in the midshaft of the metacarpal bone. However, this section of the metacarpal bone is often susceptible to high-energy injury, resulting in comminuted fracture or bone loss. In such cases, wedge-shaped bone defects can develop in the metacarpal shaft, increasing the difficulty of performing fracture fixation. Notably, the research on this type of fracture fixation is limited. This study compared the abilities of four fixation methods to fix metacarpal shaft fractures with wedge-shaped bone defects.

Methods
In total, 28 artificial metacarpal bones were used. To create wedge-shaped bone defects, an electric saw was used to create metacarpal shaft fractures at the midshaft of each bone. The artificial metacarpal bones were then divided into four groups for fixation. The bones in the first group were fixed with a dorsal locked plate (DP group), those in the second group were fixed with a volar locked plate (VP group), and those in the third group were fixed by combining dorsal and volar locked plates (DP + VP group), and those in the fourth group were fixed with two K-wires (2 K group). Cantilever bending tests were conducted using a material testing machine to measure yielding force and stiffness. The four groups’ fixation capabilities were then assessed through analysis of variance and Tukey’s test.

Results
The DP + VP group (164.1±44.0 N) achieved a significantly higher yielding force relative to the 2 K group (50.7 ± 8.9 N); the DP group (13.6 ± 3.0 N) and VP group (12.3 ± 1.0 N) did not differ significantly in terms of yielding force, with both achieving lower yielding forces relative to the DP + VP group and 2 K group. The DP + VP group (19.8±6.3 N/mm) achieved the highest level of stiffness, and the other three groups did not differ significantly in terms of stiffness (2 K group, 5.4 ± 1.1 N/mm; DP group, 4.0 ± 0.9 N/mm; VP group, 3.9 ± 1.9 N/mm).

Conclusions
The fixation method involving the combined use of dorsal and volar locked plates (DP + VP group) resulted in optimal outcomes with respect to fixing metacarpal shaft fractures with volar wedge bone defects.