bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Magnetic Properties of Three 1D Chain Metal–Nitroxide Complexes Bridged by ­Flexible Dicarboxylate Anions
Authors: Chen Yi‐Wen , Wei Hai‐Xia , Wang Xiu‐Guang , Gao Dong‐Zhao , Sun Ya‐Qiu , Zhang Guo‐Ying , Xu Yan‐Yan 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThree new one‐dimensional (1D) chain metal–nitroxide complexes {[Cu(NIT4Py)2(suc)(H2O)]·3H2O}n (1), {[Cd(NIT4Py)2(suc)(H2O)]·[Cd(NIT4Py)2(suc)(H2O)2]·3H2O}n (2), and {[Zn(NIT4Py)(glu)(H2O)]·H2O}n (3) [NIT4Py = 2‐(4′‐pyridyl)‐4, 4, 5, 5‐tetramethylimidazoline‐1‐oxyl‐3‐oxide, suc = succinate anion and glu = glutarate anion] were synthesized and structurally characterized. Single‐crystal X‐ray analyses indicate that the three complexes crystallize in neutral 1D chains in which the metal‐nitroxide units are linked by flexible dicarboxylate anions. The succinate anions only adopt trans configuration in complexes 1 and 2, whereas the glutarate anion has gauche/anti conformation in complex 3. Magnetic measurements show that complex 1 exhibits weak antiferromagnetic interactions between the copper ions and the nitroxides.
Long‐term Outcome of Local Excision after Complete Pathological Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Therapy for Rectal Cancer
Authors: Issa Nidal , Murninkas Alejandro , Powsner Eldad , Dreznick Zeev 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackgroundNeoadjuvant chemoradiotion therapy (CRT) for advanced rectal cancer has improved local disease. Complete rectal wall tumor regression may be associated with the absence of viable cancer cells in the mesorectum, and thus local excision (LE) of such lesions as an alternative to radical surgery has recently gained interest. We report the long‐term outcome of LE in patients with a mural pathological complete response (ypT0) after CRT.MethodsA retrospective review of patients with rectal cancer treated by CRT and followed by LE with pathological complete response in the specimen between 1998 and 2009 was performed.ResultsA total of 174 patients had neoadjuvant CRT, and 68 (39 %) showed complete clinical response (cCR). Thirty‐one of the cCR patients underwent LE; 23 of them resulted in ypT0 and 8 had residual disease. The ypT0 group included 12 men and 11 women with a median age of 66. The pretreatment stage was T3N1 in 4 (17 %) patients, T3N0 in 11 (48 %), T2N1 in 3 (13 %), and T2N0 in 5 (22 %). The median tumor distance from the anal verge was 6 cm. Sixteen patients (70 %) underwent transanal excision, and 7 (30 %) were treated by transanal‐endoscopic microsurgery. Three patients died: one of pneumonia, one of melanoma of the rectum, and one of lung carcinoma. No local or distant recurrences were detected in the remaining 20 patients. The median follow‐up was 87 months.ConclusionsAlthough radical rectal resection is the treatment of choice, LE of complete rectal tumor regression could be a safe alternative with an acceptable result in selected patients.
A Novel Esophageal‐preserving Approach to Treat High‐grade Dysplasia and Superficial Adenocarcinoma in the Presence of Chronic Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: Hoppo Toshitaka , Badylak Stephen F. , Jobe Blair A. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal treatment strategy of esophageal high‐grade dysplasia (HGD) and superficial adenocarcinoma remains controversial.MethodsHere, we describe endoscopic, circumferential mucosal‐submucosal en‐bloc resection of the entire abnormal esophageal epithelium with extracellular matrix (ECM) placement to regenerate neoepithelium and minimize stricture. That procedure was then followed by a laparoscopic fundoplication as a novel esophageal‐preserving approach to treat HGD and superficial adenocarcinoma in the face of chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).ConclusionsThis approach could be an ideal option as an alternative to esophagectomy in selected patients.
Periodic solutions of fully nonlinear autonomous equations of Benjamin–Ono type
Authors: Baldi Pietro 
Published: June 2012

We prove the existence of time-periodic, small amplitude solutions of autonomous quasi-linear or fully nonlinear completely resonant pseudo-PDEs of Benjamin–Ono type in Sobolev class. The result holds for frequencies in a Cantor set that has asymptotically full measure as the amplitude goes to zero.
At the first order of amplitude, the solutions are the superposition of an arbitrarily large number of waves that travel with different velocities (multimodal solutions).
The equation can be considered as a Hamiltonian, reversible system plus a non-Hamiltonian (but still reversible) perturbation that contains derivatives of the highest order.
The main difficulties of the problem are: an infinite-dimensional bifurcation equation, and small divisors in the linearized operator, where also the highest order derivatives have non-constant coefficients.
The main technical step of the proof is the reduction of the linearized operator to constant coefficients up to a regularizing rest, by means of changes of variables and conjugation with simple linear pseudo-differential operators, in the spirit of the method of Iooss, Plotnikov and Toland for standing water waves (ARMA 2005). Other ingredients are a suitable Nash–Moser iteration in Sobolev spaces, and Lyapunov–Schmidt decomposition.

Résumé
Nous démontrons lʼexistence de solutions de petite amplitude, périodiques en temps, de versions quasi-linéaires ou complètement non linéaires de lʼéquation de Benjamin–Ono, dans le cas complètement résonnant. Le résultat est démontré dans lʼéchelle de Sobolev, pour des fréquences dans un ensemble de Cantor de mesure asymptotiquement pleine à lʼorigine. Nous considérons le cas général où lʼéquation peut-être vue comme un système Hamiltonien réversible perturbé par une partie réversible, mais qui nʼest pas Hamiltonienne, contenant des dérivées dʼordre maximal.
Ces solutions sont, au premier ordre, obtenues par superposition dʼun nombre arbitrairement grand dʼondes se propageant à des vitesses différentes (solutions multimodales).
Les principales difficultés du problème sont : la présence dʼun noyau de dimension infinie pour lʼéquation de bifurcation, et lʼoccurence de petits diviseurs dans la résolution de lʼéquation linéarisée, où les dérivées de plus haut degré ont des coefficients variables.
Nous montrons que lʼopérateur linéarisé est essentiellement conjugué à un opérateur à coefficients constants, modulo un terme régularisant. La démonstration, basée sur des changements de variables et des conjugaisons avec des opérateurs pseudo-différentiels, est inspirée par la méthode utilisée par Iooss, Plotnikov et Toland (ARMA 2005) pour démontrer lʼexistence dʼondes de gravité stationnaires. La démonstration utilise également un schéma de Nash–Moser adapté à ce contexte, dans lʼéchelle des espaces de Sobolev, ainsi quʼune décomposition de Lyapunov–Schmidt.
Overexpression of Annexin A2 Is Associated with Abnormal Ubiquitination in Breast Cancer
Authors: Deng Shishan , Jing Baoqian , Xing Tianyong , Hou Lingmi , Yang Zhengwei 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Abnormal expression of annexin A2 contributes to metastasis and infiltration of cancer cells. To elucidate the cause of abnormal expression of annexin A2, Western blotting, immunoproteomics and immunohistochemical staining were performed to analyze differentially ubiquitinated proteins between fresh breast cancer tissue and its adjacent normal breast tissue from five female volunteers. We detected an ubiquitinated protein that was up-regulated in the cancer tissue, which was further identified as annexin A2 by mass spectrometry. These results suggest that abnormal ubiquitination and/or degradation of annexin A2 may lead to presence of annexin A2 at high level, which may further promote metastasis and infiltration of the breast cancer cells.
MODELLING GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATIONS AND DETERMINANTS OF USE OF MODERN FAMILY PLANNING METHODS AMONG WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE IN NIGERIA
Authors: ADEBAYO SAMSON B. , GAYAWAN EZRA , UJUJU CHINAZO , ANKOMAH AUGUSTINE 
Published: June 2012

SummaryUnderstanding the level, trend, geographical variations and determinants of use of modern family planning (FP) plays a major role in designing effective interventions leading to increased usage. This study assessed these characteristics of FP use in Nigeria using data from the 2003, 2005 and 2007 National HIV/AIDS and Reproductive Health Survey, a national population-based household survey. A Bayesian geo-additive procedure was used, which provides flexible modelling of non-linear and spatial effects at a highly disaggregated level of states. The findings reveal considerable geographical variation in the use of modern FP in Nigeria, with a distinct north–south divide. Furthermore, a significant trend in the use of modern FP was evident, with an increase between 2003 and 2005 followed by a decline between 2005 and 2007. The effect of respondent's age was non-linear, and use of modern FP was found to differ significantly between never-married and currently/formerly married respondents. Awareness of FP methods and knowledge of where to get/buy FP services/methods were found to be significantly associated with usage. The findings provide policymakers with tools to prioritize the use of scarce resources for implementing FP and reproductive health interventions.
Melt infiltration of the lower lithosphere beneath the Tanzania craton and the Albertine rift inferred from S receiver functions
Authors: Wölbern Ingo , Rümpker Georg , Link Klemens , Sodoudi Forough 
Published: June 2012

The transition between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere is subject to numerous contemporary studies as its nature is still poorly understood. The thickest lithosphere is associated with old cratons and platforms and it has been shown that seismic investigations may fail to image the lithosphere‐asthenosphere boundary in these areas. Instead, several recent studies have proposed a mid‐lithospheric discontinuity of unknown origin existing under several cratons. In this study we investigate the Tanzania craton in East Africa which is enclosed by the eastern and western branches of the East African Rift System. We present evidence from S receiver functions for two consecutive discontinuities at depths of 50–100 km and 140–200 km, which correspond to significant S wave velocity reductions under the Tanzania craton and the Albert and Edward rift segments. By comparison with synthetic waveforms we show that the lower discontinuity coincides with the LAB exhibiting velocity reductions of 6–9%. The shallower interface reveals a velocity drop that varies from 12% beneath the craton to 24% below the Albert‐Edward rift. It is interpreted as an infiltration front marking the upper boundary of altered lithosphere due to ascending asthenospheric melts. This is corroborated by computing S velocity variations based on xenolith samples which exhibit a dense system of crystallized veins acting as pathways of the infiltrating melt. Mineral assemblages in these veins are rich in phlogopite and pyroxenite which can explain the reduced shear wave velocities. Melt infiltration represents a suitable mechanism to form a mid‐lithospheric discontinuity within cratonic lithosphere that is underlain by anomalously hot mantle.
Elevated urinary neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalcin after acute heart failure treatment is associated with worsening renal function and adverse events
Authors: Collins Sean P. , Hart Kimberly W. , Lindsell Christopher J. , Fermann Gregory J. , Weintraub Neal L. , Miller Karen F. , Roll Susan N. , Sperling Matthew I. , Sawyer Douglas B. , Storrow Alan B. 
Published: June 2012

AimsReliable detectors of worsening renal function (WRF) in Emergency Department (ED) patients with acute heart failure (AHF) are limited. We hypothesized that initial urinary neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalcin (NGAL) levels, and changes in urinary NGAL levels after initial ED AHF therapy, would be associated with WRF and adverse events.Methods and resultsUrinary NGAL upon ED presentation and 12–24 h after ED treatment was measured in a cohort of ED patients with AHF. NGAL was corrected for urinary creatinine (uCr). WRF was defined as RIFLE stages 1, 2, or 3, or a creatinine increase of ≥0.3 mg/dL. Patients were prospectively followed for 5‐ and 30‐day adverse cardiovascular events. The 399 patients had a median age of 63 years, 50% were Caucasian, and 62% were male. Those with WRF at 72–96 h were more likely to have a higher initial NGAL value (71 vs. 32 ng NGAL/mg uCr) (P = 0.005), and a higher NGAL level at 12–24 h after ED therapy (107 vs. 25ng NGAL/mg uCr, P < 0.001). In a multivariable model, NGAL at 12–24 h remained a significant predictor of WRF (P = 0.012). Of all variables available 12–24 h after initial therapy, the only significant predictor of 30‐day events was an elevated urinary NGAL level (P = 0.02).ConclusionsUrinary NGAL levels determined 12–24 h after ED therapy are significantly associated with both WRF at 72–96 h and 30‐day adverse events. This suggests that early management strategies may have an impact on subsequent WRF and outcomes. If confirmed, NGAL may have a role for guiding therapeutic decisions.
Resting heart rate and incident heart failure in apparently healthy men and women in the EPIC‐Norfolk study
Authors: Pfister Roman , Michels Guido , Sharp Stephen J. , Luben Robert , Wareham Nick J. , Khaw Kay‐Tee 
Published: June 2012

AimsIncreasing levels of resting heart rate are associated with increased risk of developing hypertension and cardiovascular disease, and seem to play a role in the progression of heart failure. The shape of the association between resting heart rate and risk of developing heart failure has not been examined in healthy individuals of the general population.Methods and resultsHazard ratios (HRs) of heart failure comparing categories of resting heart rate [51–60 b.p.m. (reference), 61–70 b.p.m., 71–80 b.p.m., 81–90 b.p.m., and 91–100 b.p.m.] were calculated in apparently healthy men (9805) and women (12 321) aged 39–79 participating in the ‘European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition’ (EPIC) study in Norfolk. During a mean follow‐up of 12.9 years, 1356 incident cases of heart failure occurred. In participants without potential heart rate‐modifying medication, age‐ and sex‐adjusted incidence rates of heart failure were 3.3, 3.7, 4.0, 5.1, and 5.5 per 1000 person‐years for increasing categories of resting heart rate; compared with the reference category, HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for increasing categories of resting heart rate were 1.08 (0.88–1.34), 1.17 (0.94–1.46), 1.39 (1.08–1.79), and 1.42 (1.00–2.03), respectively, in multivariable analysis adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, prevalent diabetes, cholesterol concentration, social class, educational level, smoking, and physical activity. Within the reference range of resting heart rate (50–100 b.p.m.) each 10 b.p.m. increase was associated with an 11% increase in hazard of heart failure in multivariable analysis. The results did not change materially after adjusting for myocardial infarction and coronary heart disease events during follow up (1.12, 1.06–1.18).ConclusionResting heart rate shows a graded association with hazard of heart failure in apparently healthy men and women which is not mediated by coronary heart disease. Further study is needed to examine the underlying mechanisms.
Transcriptional and Metabolic Analysis of Senescence Induced by Preventing Pollination in Maize
Authors: Sekhon Rajandeep S. , Childs Kevin L. , Santoro Nicholas , Foster Cliff E. , Buell C. Robin , de Leon Natalia , Kaeppler Shawn M. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Transcriptional and metabolic changes were evaluated during senescence induced by preventing pollination in the B73 genotype of maize (Zea mays). Accumulation of free glucose and starch and loss of chlorophyll in leaf was manifested early at 12 d after anthesis (DAA), while global transcriptional and phenotypic changes were evident only at 24 DAA. Internodes exhibited major transcriptomic changes only at 30 DAA. Overlaying expression data onto metabolic pathways revealed involvement of many novel pathways, including those involved in cell wall biosynthesis. To investigate the overlap between induced and natural senescence, transcriptional data from induced senescence in maize was compared with that reported for Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) undergoing natural and sugar-induced senescence. Notable similarities with natural senescence in Arabidopsis included up-regulation of senescence-associated genes (SAGs), ethylene and jasmonic acid biosynthetic genes, APETALA2, ethylene-responsive element binding protein, and no apical meristem transcription factors. However, differences from natural senescence were highlighted by unaltered expression of a subset of the SAGs, and cytokinin, abscisic acid, and salicylic acid biosynthesis genes. Key genes up-regulated during sugar-induced senescence in Arabidopsis, including a cysteine protease (SAG12) and three flavonoid biosynthesis genes (PRODUCTION OF ANTHOCYANIN PIGMENT1 (PAP1), PAP2, and LEUCOANTHOCYANIDIN DIOXYGENASE), were also induced, suggesting similarities in senescence induced by pollination prevention and sugar application. Coexpression analysis revealed networks involving known senescence-related genes and novel candidates; 82 of these were shared between leaf and internode networks, highlighting similarities in induced senescence in these tissues. Insights from this study will be valuable in systems biology of senescence in maize and other grasses.
Therapy‐related classical Hodgkin lymphoma after a primary haematological malignancy: a report on 13 cases
Authors: Cheminant Morgane , Galicier Lionel , Brière Josette , Boutboul David , Micléa Jean‐Michel , Venon Marie‐Dominique , Robin Marie , Thieblemont Catherine , Brice Pauline 
Published: June 2012

SummaryThe risk of developing Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is increased in immunodeficiencies or during the treatment of some autoimmune diseases. The development of new therapeutic agents has highlighted the risk of unusual lymphoid proliferations, particularly classical HL (cHL). We report the clinicopathological findings of 13 cHL arising in patients treated for a primary haematological malignancy. Eight patients had received an immunomodulator, protein tyrosine‐kinase inhibitor or monoclonal antibody, which may have contributed to the cHL development. Most patients had disseminated disease with poor prognostic factors at cHL diagnosis. Despite the initial presentation, good outcomes were achieved with standard cHL chemotherapy.
Combined modality therapy versus chemotherapy alone as an induction regimen for primary central nervous system lymphoma: a decision analysis
Authors: Prica Anca , Chan Kelvin , Cheung Matthew C. 
Published: June 2012

SummaryIn immunocompetent patients with primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma, combined modality therapy (CMT) using high‐dose methotrexate and whole brain radiotherapy has improved response rates compared to chemotherapy alone. The trade‐off is delayed and potentially devastating treatment‐related neurotoxicity. A Markov decision‐analytic model compared CMT to chemotherapy alone in patients with primary CNS lymphoma. Baseline probabilities were derived from a systematic literature review. Outcomes were life expectancy and quality‐adjusted life expectancy. Sensitivity analyses were performed. The life expectancy was 2·69 years for CMT and 2·77 years for chemotherapy alone. The quality‐adjusted life expectancies for the two strategies were 1·70 and 1·67 quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs) respectively. In younger patients <60 years of age, CMT yielded a quality‐adjusted life expectancy of 2·71 QALYs, compared to 2·09 QALYs for chemotherapy alone, yielding an expected benefit with CMT of 0·62 QALYs or 7·4 quality‐adjusted months. There was no difference between the strategies in the older group. The model was robust to key variables for the younger group. The preferred induction strategy for younger patients appears to be CMT, maximizing life expectancy, and QALYs. This analysis confirms that the preferred strategy for older patients is chemotherapy alone.
Shoot atmospheric contact is of little importance to aeration of deeper portions of the wetland plant Meionectes brownii; submerged organs mainly acquire O2 from the water column or produce it endogenously in underwater photosynthesis
Authors: RICH SARAH MEGHAN , PEDERSEN OLE , LUDWIG MARTHA , COLMER TIMOTHY DAVID 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTPartial shoot submergence is considered less stressful than complete submergence of plants, as aerial contact allows gas exchange with the atmosphere. In situ microelectrode studies of the wetland plant Meionectes brownii showed that O2 dynamics in the submerged stems and aquatic roots of partially submerged plants were similar to those of completely submerged plants, with internal O2 concentrations in both organs dropping to less than 5 kPa by dawn regardless of submergence level. The anatomy at the nodes and the relationship between tissue porosity and rates of O2 diffusion through stems were studied. Stem internodes contained aerenchyma and had mean gas space area of 17.7% per cross section, whereas nodes had 8.2%, but nodal porosity was highly variable, some nodes had very low porosity or were completely occluded (ca. 23% of nodes sampled). The cumulative effect of these low porosity nodes would have impeded internal O2 movement down stems. Therefore, regardless of the presence of an aerial connection, the deeper portions of submerged organs sourced most of their O2 via inwards diffusion from the water column during the night, and endogenous production in underwater photosynthesis during the daytime.
The effectiveness of systemic antimicrobial treatment in canine superficial and deep pyoderma: a systematic review
Authors: Summers Jennifer F. , Brodbelt David C. , Forsythe Peter J. , Loeffler Anette , Hendricks Anke 
Published: June 2012

Aim – To identify and evaluate existing evidence for the effectiveness of systemic antimicrobial treatments for naturally occurring superficial and deep canine pyoderma.Method – Electronic searches of PubMed, MEDLINE and CAB Direct were carried out (25 May 2011) without date or language restrictions. Proceedings of ESVD/ECVD, AAVD/ACVD, NAVDF and WCVD annual congresses were searched. Unpublished studies were sought via the Veterinary Dermatology discussion list and Veterinary Information Network.Results – Seventeen full‐length, peer‐reviewed controlled trials reporting clinical outcomes of systemic antimicrobial treatment for canine pyoderma were identified. Outcomes specific to superficial or deep pyoderma were reported in nine and five studies, respectively. Five studies reported outcomes only for nondifferentiated pyoderma depth. Heterogeneity of study designs and outcome measures made meta‐analysis inappropriate. A good level of evidence was identified supporting the high efficacy of subcutaneously injected cefovecin in superficial pyoderma and for oral amoxicillin–clavulanic acid in deep pyoderma. A fair level of evidence was identified for moderate to high efficacy of oral amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, clindamycin, cefadroxil, trimethoprim–sulphamethoxazole and sulfadimethoxine–ormetoprim in superficial pyoderma and oral pradofloxacin, oral cefadroxil and subcutaneously injected cefovecin in deep pyoderma. Eleven trials reported observations of adverse effects in treated pyoderma cases by intervention group; four dogs were withdrawn owing to the severity of adverse effects.Conclusions – There is a need for greater numbers of adequately sized, blinded, randomized controlled trials evaluating systemic antimicrobial interventions for canine pyoderma. Improved differentiation between superficial and deep pyoderma in outcome reporting, outcome measure standardization and association of outcomes with causative bacterial species and their resistance patterns are required.