bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reach Out to Enhance Wellness Home-Based Diet-Exercise Intervention Promotes Reproducible and Sustainable Long-Term Improvements in Health Behaviors, Body Weight, and Physical Functioning in Older, Overweight/Obese Cancer Survivors
Authors: Demark-Wahnefried Wendy , Morey Miriam C. , Sloane Richard , Snyder Denise C. , Miller Paige E. , Hartman Terryl J. , Cohen Harvey J. 
Published: May 2012

Purpose Diet and exercise interventions have been tested in cancer survivors as a means to reduce late effects and comorbidity, but few have assessed adherence and health outcomes long term. Methods Between July 2005 and May 2007, the Reach Out to Enhance Wellness (RENEW) trial accrued 641 locoregionally staged, long-term (≥ 5 years from diagnosis) colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer survivors in the United States (21 states), Canada, and the United Kingdom. All participants were sedentary (< 150 minutes of physical activity [PA] a week), overweight or obese (body mass index, 25 to 40 kg/m2), and over age 65 years. The trial tested a diet-exercise intervention delivered via mailed print materials and telephone counseling. RENEW used a wait-list control, cross-over design (ie, participants received the year-long intervention immediately or after a 1-year delay), which allowed the opportunity to assess program efficacy (previously reported primary outcome), durability, and reproducibility (reported herein). Measures included diet quality (DQ), PA, BMI, and physical function (PF). Results No significant relapse was observed in the immediate-intervention arm for DQ, PA, and BMI; however, rates of functional decline increased when the intervention ceased. From year 1 to year 2, significant improvements were observed in the delayed-intervention arm; mean change scores in behaviors and BMI and PF slopes were as follows: DQ score, 5.2 (95% CI, 3.4 to 7.0); PA, 45.8 min/wk (95% CI, 26.9 to 64.6 min/wk); BMI, −0.56 (95% CI, −0.75 to −0.36); and Short Form-36 PF, −1.02 versus −5.52 (P < .001 for all measures). Overall, both arms experienced significant improvements in DQ, PA, and BMI from baseline to 2-year follow-up (P < .001). Conclusion Older cancer survivors respond favorably to lifestyle interventions and make durable changes in DQ and PA that contribute to sustained weight loss. These changes positively reorient functional decline trajectories during intervention delivery.
Patient and Physician Decision Styles and Breast Cancer Chemotherapy Use in Older Women: Cancer and Leukemia Group B Protocol 369901
Authors: Mandelblatt Jeanne S. , Faul Leigh Anne , Luta George , Makgoeng Solomon B. , Isaacs Claudine , Taylor Kathryn , Sheppard Vanessa B. , Tallarico Michelle , Barry William T. , Cohen Harvey J. 
Published: May 2012

Purpose Physician and patient decision styles may influence breast cancer care for patients ≥ 65 years (“older”) because there is uncertainty about chemotherapy benefits in this group. We evaluate associations between decision-making styles and actual treatment. Methods Data were collected from women treated outside of clinical trials for newly diagnosed stage I to III breast cancer (83% response) from January 2004 through April 2011 in 75 cooperative group sites. Physicians completed a one-time mailed survey (91% response), and clinical data were abstracted from charts. Patient decision style was measured on a five-point scale. Oncologists' preference for prescribing chemotherapy was based on standardized vignettes. Regression and multiple imputation were used to assess associations between chemotherapy and other variables. Results There were 1,174 women seen by 212 oncologists; 43% of women received chemotherapy. One-third of women preferred to make their own treatment decision. Patient and physician decision styles were independently associated with chemotherapy. Women who preferred less physician input had lower odds of chemotherapy than women who preferred more input (odds ratio [OR] = 0.79 per 1-point change; 95% CI, 0.65 to 0.97; P = .02) after considering covariates. Patients whose oncologists had a high chemotherapy preference had higher odds of receiving chemotherapy (OR = 2.65; 95% CI, 1.80 to 3.89; P < .001) than those who saw oncologists with a low preference. Conclusion Physicians' and older patients' decision styles are each associated with breast cancer chemotherapy use. It will be important to re-evaluate the impact of decision styles when there is greater empirical evidence about the benefits and risks of chemotherapy in older patients.
Base-Catalyzed Asymmetric Diels–Alder Reaction of 3-Hydroxy-2-pyrone and Simple Aryl Vinyl Sulfoxide: Asymmetric Synthesis of Carbaketopyranoses
Authors: Okamura Hiroaki , Urabe Fumiya , Hamada Toshiyuki , Iwagawa Tetsuo 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
A highly stereoselective base-catalyzed asymmetric Diels–Alder reaction of 3-hydroxy-2-pyrone and simple aryl vinyl sulfoxide is reported. Furthermore, the synthetic utility of the resulting product was demonstrated by the efficient asymmetric synthesis of β-l-carbafructopyranose and β-l-carbapsicopyranose.
Bildbasierte Regelung eines gliedelastischen Roboterarms mit einem RGB-D-Sensor
Authors: Malzahn Jörn , Phung Anh Son , Hoffmann Frank , Bertram Torsten 
Published: May 2012

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag befasst sich mit der bildbasierten Regelung eines mehrgliedrigen gliedelastischen Roboterarms unter Gravitationseinfluss anhand von RGB-D-Sensordaten. Der Fokus liegt auf der Mehrfachnutzung der in den zur Positionsregelung aufgenommenen Bildfolgen enthaltenen Bewegungsinformation auch zur Dämpfung der unerwünschten Armschwingungen. Es werden vier Ansätze zur Rekonstruktion der Schwingungsbewegung unter Verwendung der verfügbaren Tiefeninformation gegenübergestellt. Drei Ansätze zur Phasenkorrektur des bildbasiert am Endeffektor gewonnenen Schwingungssignals werden diskutiert. Die Validierung der bildbasierten Schwingungsdämpfung erfolgt im Experiment.
Online−6D-SLAM für RGB-D-Sensoren
Authors: Endres Felix , Hess Jürgen , Engelhard Nikolas , Sturm Jürgen , Burgard Wolfram 
Published: May 2012

Zusammenfassung
Zur Automatisierung komplexer Manipulationsaufgaben in dynamischen oder unbekannten Umgebungen benötigt die Steuerungssoftware eines autonomen Roboters eine Repräsentation des Arbeitsbereiches, mit der die Kollisionsfreiheit bei der Durchführung der Aufgabe gewährleistet werden kann. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt ein neues System zur Erstellung von 3D-Umgebungsrepräsentationen aus den RGB-D-Daten neuartiger Kameras, wie der Microsoft Kinect. Durch die Unabhängigkeit von weiterer Sensorik ist der Ansatz insbesondere zur Ergänzung von rein bildbasierten Regelungssystemen geeignet.
Schnelle 100-Prozent-Oberflächenkontrolle in der Produktion mit Zellularen Neuronalen Netzwerken
Authors: Strohm Peter , Blug Andreas , Carl Daniel , Höfler Heinrich 
Published: May 2012

Zusammenfassung
Kameras, die auf Zellularen Neuronalen Netzwerken basieren, können neue Anwendungsgebiete für die industrielle Bildverarbeitung erschließen, denn Rechenelemente lassen sich direkt in die elektronische Beschaltung von CMOS-Kamerapixeln integrieren. Insbesondere Regel- und Steuerungssysteme profitieren von der hohen Rechenleistung und den kurzen Latenzzeiten dieser neuartigen Kameratechnologie. Was damit jenseits konventioneller Bildverarbeitungssysteme möglich ist, wird anhand von drei konkreten Anwendungen gezeigt: beim Laserschweißen, bei der Laserablation und beim Drahtziehen.
Vision-based Control of Assistive Robot FRIEND: Practical Experiences and Design Conclusions
Authors: Gräser Axel , Kuzmicheva Olena , Ristic-Durrant Danijela , Natarajan Saravana K. , Fragkopoulos Christos 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
In this publication, we describe the evolution of control structures for vision-based control over several generations of the assistive robot FRIEND1. We also publish some evaluation results which were the basis of design decisions for the following system generation.
Visual Servoing für ein- und zweiarmige Manipulationsaufgaben bei humanoiden Robotern
Authors: Böge Christian , Vahrenkamp Nikolaus , Asfour Tamim , Dillmann Rüdiger 
Published: May 2012

Zusammenfassung
Unter dem Begriff “Visual Servoing” werden Ansätze zur visuell geregelten Ausführung z. B. von Roboterbewegungen zusammengefasst. Hierbei werden durch kontinuierliche Analyse von Kamerabildern Stellgrößen erzeugt, um beispielsweise einen Roboterarm anzusteuern. In diesem Artikel stellen wir das Visual-Servoing-System des humanoiden Roboters ARMAR-III vor, welches eine zuverlässige Ausführung von ein- und zweiarmigen Greif- und Manipulationsaufgaben ermöglicht. Durch den Closed-loop-Ansatz können Ungenauigkeiten in Aktorik und Sensorik ausgeglichen werden.
Eine Methode zur Erzeugung stochastischer Helligkeitsfelder durch homogene, einstufige Markoff-Ketten
Authors: Dubinin Dmitry , Geringer Viktor , Kochegurov Alexander 
Published: May 2012

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag wird eine Methode zur Erzeugung stochastischer Helligkeitsfelder durch homogene, einstufige Markoff-Ketten betrachtet. Die Feldeigenschaften sind untereinander von den “Palma”-Formeln bestimmt. Die Korrelationseigenschaften der erzeugten Zufallsfelder hängen jeweils nur von den Mosaikgitterstrukturen ab. Die ABC (Alphabet)-Auswahl, die eine Gitterform (Morphologie des Feldes) voraussetzt, wird manuell im Voraus vom Anwender bestimmt. Diese Methode ermöglicht es, verschiedene Typen der “Gitterformstrukturen” mit horizontalen, senkrechten und diagonalen Elementen bei einer 8-Nachbarschaft zu erzeugen.
Messabweichung der Stereo-PIV im Vergleich zu LDV und CFD anhand einer definiert gestörten Rohrströmung
Authors: Eichler Thomas , Tawackolian Karsten , Lederer Thomas 
Published: May 2012

Zusammenfassung
Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry (SPIV) eignet sich als schnelles und präzises Messverfahren zur zeitlich und räumlich hochaufgelösten Ermittlung von 3D-Geschwindigkeitsverteilungen in Rohrleitungen. Die Methode wird mit dem bekannten Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV)-Messverfahren und Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)-Simulationen am Beispiel einer stark gestörten Strömung hinter einem Drallgenerator bewertet. Erstmalig können so SPIV-Messabweichungen bei der Volumenstrombestimmung von deutlicher kleiner als 2% an einem komplexen Strömungszustand nachgewiesen werden.
Office Work and Complaints of the Arms, Neck and Shoulders: The Role of Job Characteristics, Muscular Tension and Need for Recovery
Authors: Gawke Jason C. , Gorgievski Marjan J. , van der Linden Dimitri 
Published: May 2012

Office Work and Complaints of the Arms, Neck and Shoulders: The Role of Job Characteristics, Muscular Tension and Need for Recovery: Jason C. GAWKE, et al. Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands—ObjectivesThis study investigated physical, psychological and social job characteristics as potential risk factors for complaints of the arms, neck and shoulders (CANS) and mediating effects of muscular tension and need for recovery.MethodsData were collected among 105 computer workers using questionnaires and electromyography (EMG), and were analyzed with linear regression analyses.ResultsTask interdependence, information processing and lower social support predicted more CANS. Physical job demands had no predictive power over and above psychological and social stressors. Both muscular tension and need for recovery partially mediated the job characteristics —CANS relationships.ConclusionsOccupational health professionals should not neglect psychological and social job characteristics as potentially important predictors of CANS in specific occupational groups, such as office workers. Our findings imply that CANS interventions should not be restricted to ergonomic improvements, but should be accompanied by improvement of the job design from a psychological and social perspective and reactive intervention aimed at decreasing short‐term physical strain (muscular tension) and mental strain (need for recovery).
Effect of a Single Inhalation of Laninamivir Octanoate in Children With Influenza
Authors: Katsumi Yoshiki , Otabe Osamu , Matsui Fumihiro , Kidowaki Satoshi , Mibayashi Akiko , Tsuma Yusuke , Ito Hisato 
Published: May 2012

OBJECTIVE:
The purpose of this study was to compare the efficiency and safety of a new neuraminidase inhibitor, laninamivir octanoate (LO), with zanamivir (ZN) in pediatric patients with influenza.

METHODS:
One hundred twelve pediatric patients ≤15 years, diagnosed with a rapid diagnostic test as having influenza from January to May 2011, were randomly assigned to the LO group or the ZN group, and their parents were asked to complete a questionnaire during the recovery at home. The LO group was instructed to inhale LO once (20 or 40 mg depending on age), and the ZN group was instructed to inhale ZN (20 mg) twice daily for 5 days.

RESULTS:
The LO group (n = 55) and the ZN group (n = 57) were well balanced. Finally, 44 patients in the LO group and 41 patients in the ZN group could be evaluated. Median times to fever resolution after initial treatment were 36 hours in the LO group and 37 hours in the ZN group. No differences were observed between the 2 groups with respect to the frequencies of asthmatic symptoms, pneumonia, gastrointestinal symptoms, or abnormal behaviors. Six younger children could not inhale LO well for technical reasons.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our data suggest that the efficiency and safety of LO are the same as those of ZN in pediatric patients with influenza but that LO may be more convenient than ZN because it requires only a single inhalation. However, younger patients may not inhale LO efficiently.
Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Children and Young Adults Born to Preeclamptic Pregnancies: A Systematic Review
Authors: Davis Esther Frances , Lazdam Merzaka , Lewandowski Adam James , Worton Stephanie Anne , Kelly Brenda , Kenworthy Yvonne , Adwani Satish , Wilkinson Andrew R. , McCormick Kenny , Sargent Ian , Redman Christopher , Leeson Paul 
Published: May 2012

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Preeclampsia is an independent cardiovascular risk factor for the mother, and recent studies reveal that offspring of affected pregnancies also may have an increased cardiovascular risk. Our objective was to examine evidence for increased cardiovascular risk factors in children exposed to preeclampsia in utero.

METHODS:
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on studies reporting traditional cardiovascular risk factors in those exposed to preeclampsia compared to controls. Information was extracted on the classic cardiovascular risk factors, including blood pressure, lipid profile, glucose metabolism, and BMI from articles published between 1948 and August 2011 in Medline and Embase.

RESULTS:
Eighteen studies provided cumulated data on 45 249 individuals. In utero exposure to preeclampsia was associated with a 2.39 mm Hg (95% confidence interval: 1.74–3.05; P &lt; .0001) higher systolic and a 1.35 mm Hg (95% confidence interval: 0.90–1.80; P &lt; .00001) higher diastolic blood pressure during childhood and young adulthood. BMI was increased by 0.62 kg/m2 (P &lt; .00001). Associations were similar in children and adolescents, for different genders, and with variation in birth weight. There was insufficient evidence to identify consistent variation in lipid profile or glucose metabolism.

CONCLUSIONS:
Young offspring of pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia already have increased blood pressure and BMI, a finding that may need to be considered in future primary prevention strategies for cardiovascular disease.
Fabrication of Metallic Nanocomponents by Forging of Ni3Al-Nanoparticles.
Authors: Andreas Landefeld , Joachim Rösler 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTThe trend to manufacture components reduced in size at the micro- and nano-scale is obvious and is becoming more and more the state of art in designing actuators, sensors and chips. In recent years, nanoscale fabrication has developed considerably, but the fabrication of freestanding nanosize components is still a great challenge. The fabrication of metallic nanocomponents utilizing three basic steps is demonstrated here. First, metallic alloys are used as factories to produce a metallic raw stock of nano-objects/nanoparticles in large numbers. These objects are then isolated from the powder containing thousands of such objects inside a scanning electron microscope using manipulators, and placed on a micro-anvil or a die. Finally, the shape of the individual nano-object is changed by nanoforging using a microhammer to get specific geometries such as discs and more complex components such as gears and wheels in the near future. The almost cubic particles are essentially defect-free, therefore, provide very high strength (σ>2500MPa) in combination with excellent formability (|ϕ|>1,6). There are two approaches for forming these small particles. Upset forging is used to forge small discs (height<100nm) and to shape the nanoparticle in specific areas. Press forging into nano-dies is used to forge more complex structures. In this way free-standing, high-strength, metallic nanoobjects may be shaped into components with dimensions in the 100 nm range. By assembling such nano-components, high-performance microsystems can be fabricated, which are truly in the micrometre scale (the size ratio of a system to its component is typically 10:1).
Hierarchical Metallic and Ceramic Nanostructures Produced via a Hybrid Approach Combining Laser Interference Ablation and Block Co-Polymer Phase Separation
Authors: Alabi Taiwo R. , Yuan Dajun , Das Suman 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTWe report on the formation of hierarchical nanostructures of Au, Pt, Fe2O3 and PdO2 using a hybrid technique combining laser interference patterning (LIP) and block copolymer phase separation (BCPS). By varying the loading time of the block copolymer with metallic salts and the laser interference technique, different types of hierarchical square, triangular, linear and circular arrays can be formed. Such a robust method can be applied to other metallic and ceramic materials and has potential for use in the large-scale production of nano-catalysts, photonics, optoelectronics, MEMS devices and bio-sensors.
Nanofabrication with the Helium Ion Microscope
Authors: Boden Stuart A. , Moktadir Zakaria , Alkhalil Feras M. , Mizuta Hiroshi , Rutt Harvey N. , Bagnall Darren M. 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTAlthough initially developed as an imaging tool, the helium ion microscope (HIM) is finding applications in nanofabrication as its focused ion beam is capable of highly-localized material modification. In this study, an external pattern generator is used to explore the capabilities of the HIM for localized milling of a ∼7 nm thick layer of silicon-on-insulator, with atomic force microscopy (AFM) used to characterize the resulting patterns. The dose and patterned area size are varied and milling to depths >7 nm is demonstrated. At high doses and large areas, protuberances form, primarily due to sub-surface swelling caused by the implanted helium. The results suggest this technique could enable the rapid prototyping of next-generation nanoelectronic devices in thin silicon.
Trends in Death Rates Among U.S. Adults With and Without Diabetes Between 1997 and 2006
Authors: Gregg Edward W. , Cheng Yiling J. , Saydah Sharon , Cowie Catherine , Garfield Sanford , Geiss Linda , Barker Lawrence 
Published: May 2012

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) death rates declined between 1997 and 2006, a period of continued advances in treatment approaches and risk factor control, among U.S. adults with and without diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We compared 3-year death rates of four consecutive nationally representative samples (1997–1998, 1999–2000, 2001–2002, and 2003–2004) of U.S. adults aged 18 years and older using data from the National Health Interview Surveys linked to National Death Index.

RESULTS
Among diabetic adults, the CVD death rate declined by 40% (95% CI 23–54) and all-cause mortality declined by 23% (10–35) between the earliest and latest samples. There was no difference in the rates of decline in mortality between diabetic men and women. The excess CVD mortality rate associated with diabetes (i.e., compared with nondiabetic adults) decreased by 60% (from 5.8 to 2.3 CVD deaths per 1,000) while the excess all-cause mortality rate declined by 44% (from 10.8 to 6.1 deaths per 1,000).

CONCLUSIONS
Death rates among both U.S. men and women with diabetes declined substantially between 1997 and 2006, reducing the absolute difference between adults with and without diabetes. These encouraging findings, however, suggest that diabetes prevalence is likely to rise in the future if diabetes incidence is not curtailed.
The Effects of Scaling and Root Planing on the Marginal Gap and Microleakage of Indirect Composite Crowns Prepared With Different Finish Lines: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Angerame D , Sorrentino R , Cettolin D , Zarone F 
Published: May 2012

SUMMARY
The present in vitro study aimed to assess the effects of root surface mechanical instrumentation on the marginal integrity and adaptation of resin composite crowns. The following null hypotheses were tested: no differences exist between finish line and 1) marginal gap or 2) marginal microleakage before and after manual mechanical periodontal maintenance.
A total of 56 intact human mandibular molars were randomly distributed into four groups and subjected to standardized tooth preparations for indirect composite crowns with different marginal finish lines (90° shoulder, beveled 90° shoulder, feather edge, chamfer). One-half of the specimens was used as a control and remained untreated, and the remaining half was subjected to root surface procedures simulating five years of semestral mechanical supportive periodontal treatment. The marginal gap and microleakage were evaluated and statistically analyzed.
The specimens used as controls showed lower mean marginal gaps than those subjected to the simulated periodontal treatment, whereas the latter showed lower microleakage than the control crowns. Statistically significant differences were recorded for both the experimental variables.
The root surface procedures resulted in altered surfaces of the composite crowns. The marginal gap increased after the treatment, whereas the marginal microleakage was reduced. The 90° shoulder and the chamfer preparation could be considered a viable option to fabricate composite crowns, but the beveled 90° shoulder and the feather edge should not be recommended.
Periapical Healing After Direct Pulp Capping With Calcium-enriched Mixture Cement: A Case Report
Authors: Asgary S , Nosrat A , Homayounfar N 
Published: May 2012

SUMMARYThis article describes a successful direct pulp capping of a mature symptomatic mandibular second molar in a 14-year-old girl. The patient was referred with sensitivity to cold beverages and pain on chewing on the second left mandibular molar. Clinical examinations revealed extensive coronal caries and sensitivity to percussion. Radiographically, the tooth was mature and had a widened apical periodontal ligament (PDL) and a narrow periapical lesion. The concluding diagnosis was symptomatic irreversible pulpitis with symptomatic apical periodontitis. Treatment included caries removal under rubber dam isolation, capping of exposure sites with calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement, and permanent coronal restoration. At three-, 10-, and 15-month follow-up, the tooth was functional, had normal response to cold test, and did not have sensitivity to percussion. The PDL space regained its normal width, and the periapical lesion healed.