bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel quantitative grading system for implant fixation in revision total knee arthroplasty
Authors: d'Amato Michele , Flevas Dimitrios A. , Salari Paolo , Bornes Troy D. , Brenneis Marco , Boettner Friedrich , Sculco Peter K. , Baldini Andrea 
Published: May 2024

AimsObtaining solid implant fixation is crucial in revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA) to avoid aseptic loosening, a major reason for re-revision. This study aims to validate a novel grading system that quantifies implant fixation across three anatomical zones (epiphysis, metaphysis, diaphysis).MethodsBased on pre-, intra-, and postoperative assessments, the novel grading system allocates a quantitative score (0, 0.5, or 1 point) for the quality of fixation achieved in each anatomical zone. The criteria used by the algorithm to assign the score include the bone quality, the size of the bone defect, and the type of fixation used. A consecutive cohort of 245 patients undergoing rTKA from 2012 to 2018 were evaluated using the current novel scoring system and followed prospectively. In addition, 100 first-time revision cases were assessed radiologically from the original cohort and graded by three observers to evaluate the intra- and inter-rater reliability of the novel radiological grading system.ResultsAt a mean follow-up of 90 months (64 to 130), only two out of 245 cases failed due to aseptic loosening. Intraoperative grading yielded mean scores of 1.87 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.82 to 1.92) for the femur and 1.96 (95% CI 1.92 to 2.0) for the tibia. Only 3.7% of femoral and 1.7% of tibial reconstructions fell below the 1.5-point threshold, which included the two cases of aseptic loosening. Interobserver reliability for postoperative radiological grading was 0.97 for the femur and 0.85 for the tibia.ConclusionA minimum score of 1.5 points for each skeletal segment appears to be a reasonable cut-off to define sufficient fixation in rTKA. There were no revisions for aseptic loosening at mid-term follow-up when this fixation threshold was achieved or exceeded. When assessing first-time revisions, this novel grading system has shown excellent intra- and interobserver reliability.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(5):468–474.
Revision rate in metal compared to ceramic humeral head total shoulder arthroplasty and hemiarthroplasty
Authors: Davies Andrew , Sabharwal Sanjeeve , Liddle Alexander D. , Zamora Talaya Maria B. , Rangan Amar , Reilly Peter 
Published: May 2024

AimsMetal and ceramic humeral head bearing surfaces are available choices in anatomical shoulder arthroplasties. Wear studies have shown superior performance of ceramic heads, however comparison of clinical outcomes according to bearing surface in total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) and hemiarthroplasty (HA) is limited. This study aimed to compare the rates of revision and reoperation following metal and ceramic humeral head TSA and HA using data from the National Joint Registry (NJR), which collects data from England, Wales, Northern Ireland, Isle of Man and the States of Guernsey.MethodsNJR shoulder arthroplasty records were linked to Hospital Episode Statistics and the National Mortality Register. TSA and HA performed for osteoarthritis (OA) in patients with an intact rotator cuff were included. Metal and ceramic humeral head prostheses were matched within separate TSA and HA groups using propensity scores based on 12 and 11 characteristics, respectively. The primary outcome was time to first revision and the secondary outcome was non-revision reoperation.ResultsA total of 4,799 TSAs (3,578 metal, 1,221 ceramic) and 1,363 HAs (1,020 metal, 343 ceramic) were included. The rate of revision was higher for metal compared with ceramic TSA, hazard ratio (HR) 3.31 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.67 to 6.58). At eight years, prosthesis survival for ceramic TSA was 98.7% (95% CI 97.3 to 99.4) compared with 96.4% (95% CI 95.2 to 97.3) for metal TSA. The majority of revision TSAs were for cuff insufficiency or instability/dislocation. There was no significant difference in the revision rate for ceramic compared with metal head HA (HR 1.33 (95% CI 0.76 to 2.34)). For ceramic HA, eight-year prosthetic survival was 92.8% (95% CI 86.9 to 96.1), compared with 91.6% (95% CI 89.3 to 93.5) for metal HA. The majority of revision HAs were for cuff failure.ConclusionThe rate of all-cause revision was higher following metal compared with ceramic humeral head TSA in patients with OA and an intact rotator cuff. There was no difference in the revision rate for HA according to bearing surface.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(5):482–491.
Parallel photonic chip for nanosecond end-to-end image processing, transmission, and reconstruction
Authors: Wu Wei , Zhou Tiankuang , Fang Lu 
Published: May 2024

Image processing, transmission, and reconstruction constitute a major
proportion of information technology. The rapid expansion of
ubiquitous edge devices and data centers has led to substantial
demands on the bandwidth and efficiency of image processing,
transmission, and reconstruction. The frequent conversion of serial
signals between the optical and electrical domains, coupled with the
gradual saturation of electronic processors, has become the bottleneck
of end-to-end machine vision. Here, we present an optical parallel
computational array chip (OPCA chip) for end-to-end processing,
transmission, and reconstruction of optical intensity images. By
proposing constructive and destructive computing modes on the
large-bandwidth resonant optical channels, a parallel computational
model is constructed to implement end-to-end optical neural network
computing. The OPCA chip features a measured response time of
6 ns and an optical bandwidth of at least 160 nm.
Optical image processing can be efficiently executed with minimal
energy consumption and latency, liberated from the need for frequent
optical–electronic and analog–digital conversions. The proposed
optical computational sensor opens the door to extremely high-speed
processing, transmission, and reconstruction of visible contents with
nanoseconds response time and terahertz bandwidth.
Metabolic Syndrome in people treated with Antipsychotics (RISKMet): A multimethod study protocol investigating genetic, behavioural, and environmental risk factors
Authors: de Girolamo Giovanni , La Cascia Caterina , Macchia Paolo Emidio , Nobile Maria , Calza Stefano , Camillo Laura , Mauri Maddalena , Pozzi Marco , Tripoli Giada , Vetrani Claudia , Caselani Elisa , Magno Marta 
Published: May 2024

Introduction
The RISKMet project aims to: (1) identify risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS) by comparing patients with and without MetS; (2) characterise patients treated with second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) about MetS diagnosis; (3) study behavioural patterns, including physical activity (PA) and dietary habits, in patients and healthy individuals using a prospective cohort design.

Method
The RISKMet project investigates MetS in individuals treated with SGAs, focusing on both adult and paediatric populations. The study utilizes a case-control design to examine potential risk factors for MetS, categorizing participants as MetS+ considered as “Cases” and MetS- considered as “Controls” matched by sex and age. The evaluation of factors such as MetS, lifestyle habits, and environmental influences is conducted at two time points, T0 and T3, after 3 months. Subsequently, the project aims to assess body parameters, including physical examinations, and blood, and stool sample collection, to evaluate metabolic markers and the impact of SGAs. The analysis includes pharmacological treatment data and genetic variability. Behavioural markers related to lifestyle, eating behaviour, PA, and mood are assessed at both T0 and T3 using interviews, accelerometers, and a mobile app. The study aims to improve mental and physical well-being in SGA-treated individuals, establish a biobank for MetS research, build an evidence base for physical health programs, and develop preventive strategies for SGA-related comorbidities.

Conclusions
This project innovates MetS monitoring in psychiatry by using intensive digital phenotyping, identifying biochemical markers, assessing familial risks, and including genetically similar healthy controls.

Study registration number

ISRCTN18419418 at www.isrctn.com.
Protective effect of phospholipids in lipoproteins against diabetic kidney disease: A Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Li Tongyi , Geng Liangliang , Yang Yunjiao , Liu Guannan , Li Haichen , Long Cong , Chen Qiu 
Published: May 2024

Background
The etiology of diabetic kidney disease is complex, and the role of lipoproteins and their lipid components in the development of the disease cannot be ignored. However, phospholipids are an essential component, and no Mendelian randomization studies have yet been conducted to examine potential causal associations between phospholipids and diabetic kidney disease.

Methods
Relevant exposure and outcome datasets were obtained through the GWAS public database. The exposure datasets included various phospholipids, including those in LDL, IDL, VLDL, and HDL. IVW methods were the primary analytical approach. The accuracy of the results was validated by conducting heterogeneity, MR pleiotropy, and F-statistic tests. MR-PRESSO analysis was utilized to identify and exclude outliers.

Results
Phospholipids in intermediate-density lipoprotein (OR: 0.8439; 95% CI: 0.7268–0.9798), phospholipids in large low- density lipoprotein (OR: 0.7913; 95% CI: 0.6703–0.9341), phospholipids in low- density lipoprotein (after removing outliers, OR: 0.788; 95% CI: 0.6698–0.9271), phospholipids in medium low- density lipoprotein (OR: 0.7682; 95% CI: 0.634–0.931), and phospholipids in small low-density lipoprotein (after removing outliers, OR: 0.8044; 95% CI: 0.6952–0.9309) were found to be protective factors.

Conclusions
This study found that a higher proportion of phospholipids in intermediate-density lipoprotein and the various subfractions of low-density lipoprotein, including large LDL, medium LDL, and small LDL, is associated with a lower risk of developing diabetic kidney disease.
Tinjauan Terhadap Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Notaris dalam Pembuatan Akta
Authors: Anjangsari Sita Sesaria , Santoso Budi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNotaries as public officials are given the legal authority to make a valid deed as evidence without defects. Notaries who commit acts against the law can be held accountable under Article 1365 of the Civil Code. The purpose of this study is to discuss how the form of unlawful acts committed by a notary in making a deed and the efforts made to prevent unlawful acts of a notary in making a deed. The research method uses normative juridical and the research specifications are analytical descriptive. The data analysis method used descriptive qualitative data analysis. The results of the study concluded. First, elements of unlawful acts were carried out by a Notary in making the deed, among others, by falsifying the deed he made that was not in accordance with the UUJNP. Second, efforts are made to prevent Notaries from committing acts against the law in making the deed, namely by conducting seminars and other activities to update the knowledge and insight of the notary in the field of law.Keywords: against the law; notary; notarial deedAbstrakNotaris sebagai pejabat publik diberikan kewenangan hukum untuk membuat akta yang sah menjadi alat bukti tanpa cacat. Notaris yang melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban berdasarkan Pasal 1365 KUH Perdata. Tujuan penelitian ini membahas bagaimana bentuk perbuatan melawan hukum yang dilakukan oleh Notaris dalam pembuatan akta serta upaya yang dilakukan dalam mencegah perbuatan melawan hukum Notaris dalam pembuatan akta. Metode penelitian menggunakan yuridis normatif dan spesifikasi penelitiannya adalah deskriptif analitis. Metode analisa data menggunakan analisis data deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian diperoleh Pertama, unsur perbuatan melawan hukum dilakukan oleh Notaris dalam pembuatan akta antara lain dengan memalsukan akta yang dibuatnya yang tidak sesuai dengan UUJNP. Kedua, upaya yang dilakukan untuk mencegah Notaris melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum dalam pembuatan akta dengan melakukan seminar dan kegiatan lain untuk mengupdate ilmu pengetahuan dan wawasan notaris dibidang hukum selain itu juga rutin melakukan pengawasan secara berkala ke kantor notaris minimal setahun sekali untuk melakukan pengecekan protocol notaris.Kata kunci: perbuatan melawan hukum; notaris; akta
Cannabis Legalization and Resource Use for Ingestions by Young Children
Authors: Walsh Patrick S. , Dupont Amanda S. , Lipshaw Matthew J. , Visotcky Alexis , Thomas Danny G. 
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE
In conjunction with widening legalization, there has been a rapid rise in unintentional cannabis ingestions in young children. We sought to determine if the legal status of recreational cannabis was associated with resource use in young children with cannabis poisoning.

METHODS
This retrospective cross-sectional study of the Pediatric Health Information System included emergency department encounters between January 2016 and April 2023 for children &lt;6 years of age with a diagnosis indicating cannabis ingestion. The primary exposure was recreational cannabis legalization status in the state in which the encounter occurred. We used logistic regression models to determine the association of recreational cannabis legality with resource utilization outcomes, adjusting for demographic covariates.

RESULTS
We included 3649 children from 47 hospitals; 29% of encounters occurred in places in which recreational cannabis was legal. Compared with environments in which recreational cannabis was illegal, cannabis-legal locations had lower uses of advanced neuroimaging (24% vs 35%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.55–0.77), lumbar puncture (1.6% vs 3.8%; aOR, 0.42; 95% CI: 0.24–0.70), ICU admission (7.9% vs 11%; aOR, 0.71; 95% CI: 0.54–0.93), and mechanical ventilation (0.8% vs 2.9%; aOR, 0.30; 95% CI: 0.14–0.58). Urine testing was more common in places in which recreational cannabis was legal (71% vs 58%; aOR, 1.87; 95% CI: 1.59–2.20).

CONCLUSIONS
State-level legalization of recreational cannabis was associated with a significant decrease in the utilization of advanced medical resources in cases of cannabis intoxication in children. These findings suggest the need for a focus on policies and procedures to minimize invasive testing in cases of cannabis intoxication in children.
Las etiquetas discursivas en el discurso oral en español como segunda lengua
Authors: Guillén Solano Patricia 
Published: May 2024

Las etiquetas discursivas constituyen un mecanismo de cohesión que permite encapsular fragmentos textuales previos por medio de sintagmas nominales. Estos sintagmas funcionan como arranque para la organización informativa subsiguiente e incorporan conceptualizaciones subjetivas sobre los fragmentos a los que hace referencia y poseen, por esta razón, la capacidad de expresar evaluaciones implícitas y constituirse así en recursos argumentativos. En este artículo se estudia el rendimiento funcional de las etiquetas discursivas en el discurso oral de hablantes de español como segunda lengua (en adelante, español L2) a partir de un corpus de 5 clases de español L2 grabadas en audio. Los resultados del estudio evidencian la escasa presencia de este mecanismo cohesivo y la tendencia a utilizar en su lugar la anáfora gramatical.
Neurodevelopmental disorder associated with NARS1 gene mutation in a child with cerebral palsy
Authors: Nonkulovski Danilo , Sulejmani Haris , Memeti Shaban 
Published: May 2024

Cerebral palsy is the most common cause of chronic motor disability in children. CP has a multitude of causes, including developmental, genetic, metabolic, ischemic, infectious, and acquired, all of which result in comparable neurologic symptoms. As of right now, the cause of CP remains unclear. Research has found a substantial link between low birth weight, birth hypoxia, and poor fetal position and placenta. When diagnosing children with cerebral palsy and determining its cause, brain imaging is crucial. The final diagnosis should consider many factors, including physiological, topographic, ICF/functional, and neuroradiological categorization, origin, time of injury, concomitant disorders, sequelae, and nutritional status. This assists with planning, management, counseling, progress tracking, and prognosis. We present a case of a 5-year-old child with cerebral palsy who has a complicated clinical presentation including delayed psychomotor development, dysmorphia, and a verified pathogenic variation in the NARS1 gene linked to a neurodevelopmental condition. The child has been receiving frequent monitoring and multimodal therapies, such as physical therapy, defectologist sessions, and omega fatty acid supplements. Genetic testing found a pathogenic variant in the NARS1 gene, emphasizing the significance of genetic screening for parents to prevent recurrence in future pregnancies. Collaboration with special education instructors and speech therapists remains active to meet the child's communicative and cognitive requirements.
Common mental disorders among patients with diabetes in a secondary care facility: nature, prevalence, and explanatory models
Authors: Sobhan Soumya S. , Gopalakrishnan Rajesh , Abraham Vinod J. , Kuruvilla Anju 
Published: May 2024

Background: Diabetes is a chronic medical condition which is psychologically and behaviourally demanding in nature. Persons with diabetes may be particularly vulnerable to developing mental health disorders. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with common mental disorders (CMDs) in patients with diabetes and understand their explanatory models of illness.
Methods: One hundred and seventy patients who attended the diabetic clinic at a secondary care hospital were recruited to participate in this cross-sectional study. Psychiatric morbidity and the individual's conceptualization of the illness were assessed using the clinical interview schedule-revised and the modified short explanatory model interview (SEMI) respectively. Socio-demographic and clinical details were recorded using a structured proforma.
Results: CMDs were observed in 14.7% of the sample and were significantly associated with female gender, longer duration of diabetic illness and treatment, use of insulin and past treatment for psychiatric illness. Illness attributions included unhealthy diet, heredity, and stress, as well as punishment from God. Religious and traditional healing methods were cited as potential sources of help in addition to medical interventions and lifestyle modification.
Conclusions: Diabetes can significantly impact the emotional health of an individual in addition to its myriad physical consequences. Understanding patient perspectives regarding their illness and identifying and providing appropriate interventions for those with emotional disorders are an important component of diabetes care programs.
A must know compendium of genital chlamydia for health care providers
Authors: Ponnupillai Anitha , Madhavan Priya , Patil Sapna S. , Earnest Benjamin S. P. 
Published: May 2024

Chlamydia comprises the largest proportion of all sexually transmitted infections (STIs) worldwide. It is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, an obligate intracellular bacterium and exists in two stages; an extracellular elementary body which is an infectious state and an intracellular reticulate body, a dormant state. The elementary body increases the risk of transfer of chlamydial infection during oral, genital or anal sex. On the other hand, the vegetative state of the reticulate body promotes the chance of latent and recurrent infection. In 2020, WHO estimated 129 million new chlamydia infections. Most of the chlamydial infections are asymptomatic (85-90%) which promotes transfer between partners. If untreated, it can lead to an ascending infection which greatly impacts sexual and reproductive health. In addition, it can infect the baby around childbirth and may result in stillbirth or neonatal death. The immuno-pathogenesis of the chlamydial infection is predominantly evoked by major outer membrane protein (MOMP), a dominant chlamydial antigen on the cell wall; along with the chlamydial antigen, heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) triggers host immune responses. The innate and adaptive immune responses result in extensive fibrosis and permanent damage to the fallopian tube resulting in tubal factor infertility and ectopic tubal pregnancy. The improved strategies in screening, diagnosis, treatment and follow up of Chlamydial infection can have noticeable effects on prevention of incidence, retarding the progression and avoiding recurrence of infection leading to a reduction in the global burden of STIs and the consequent adverse neonatal outcome.
Exploiting lemon peel extract in orodispersible granule formulation using green banana flours as natural superdisintegrant
Authors: Shaikh Afroj Ayyaj , Zambare Sayali G , Kale Digvijaysingh R. , Ahuchaogu Ahamefula Anslem 
Published: May 2024

Amidst the global COVID-19 pandemic, there is an urgent need to bolster immunity. This study endeavors to address this necessity by formulating orodispersible herbal granules enriched with lemon peel extract, recognized for its immune-boosting attributes. The extraction of lemon peel was facilitated through ultrasound, followed by meticulous evaluations encompassing color, solubility, and yield. Disintegrants, ranging from 2% to 6% concentrations of banana flour, were incorporated into granule formulations. The compatibility of lemon peel extract with other constituents was scrutinized via FTIR and DSC analyses. Utilizing a design-of-experiment (DoE) strategy employing a 32 full factorial design, formulations were synthesized and assessed for various parameters, including flow properties, density, disintegration time, and release attributes.Analysis revealed lemon peel extract's significant phenolic content (185 mg Gallic acid equivalent/gm) and flavonoid content (170 gm Quercetin equivalent/gm of extract). The orodispersible granules exhibited favorable flow properties, demonstrating rapid dissolution within 45 to 59 seconds. In vivo assessments showcased heightened immune-boosting efficacy. Moreover, the optimized batch displayed superior in-vivo bioavailability, attaining a peak plasma concentration at 1 hour (88.47 ng/ml).The successful development of herbal granules amalgamating lemon peel extract and banana flour underscores their potential to enhance immunity during the COVID-19 pandemic. These formulations exhibit commendable attributes of quality, consistency, and stability, promising substantial benefits in augmenting immune response.