bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microstructural, Physical, and Sensory Impact of Starch, Inulin, and Soy Protein in Low‐Fat Gluten and Lactose Free White Sauces
Authors: Guardeño Luis M. , Hernando Isabel , Llorca Empar , Hernández‐Carrión María , Quiles Amparo 
Published: July 2012

Abstract:  The microstructural, physical, and sensory properties of low‐fat sauces made with different starches, soy protein, and inulin as a fat replacer were analyzed. Gluten‐free waxy starches—rice and corn—were selected as well as soy protein to obtain sauces suitable for celiac and lactose intolerant consumers. Light microscopy was used to visualize the swollen starch granules dispersed in a protein–amylopectin–inulin phase. Inulin seemed to limit protein network development, which was related with a higher dispersion of starch granules within the sauce matrix. Therefore, the sauces made with inulin had a lower apparent viscosity (ηapp) values (P < 0.05) in comparison with oil sauces. The sauces made with rice starches also exhibited a lower viscosity (P < 0.05) since these granules did not swell as corn granules do. All the sauces had a remarkable physical stability since there were no syneresis phenomena and color did not change significantly (P < 0.05) after 15 d of refrigeration storage (4 °C). Finally, the sensory test suggests that oil could be substituted by inulin in the preparation of low‐fat sauces since no significant differences (P < 0.05) in texture and flavor were found. These results encourage further research to optimize the formulations of these types of alternative white sauces.Practical Application:  Nowadays there is a great demand of ready‐to‐eat products due to new consumptions habits. In this context, it would be interesting to develop low‐fat sauces with inulin that could be used in this type of products improving their nutritional profile. The requirement of processed food for specific groups of population, such as celiac and lactose intolerant consumers, makes it necessary to use gluten free starches and soy protein in the formulation of sauces. The characterization of structural, physical and sensory properties is required to understand the product acceptability and its behavior during its shelf life.
Radical Scavenging Activity and LC‐MS Metabolic Profiling of Petals, Stamens, and Flowers of Crocus sativus L.
Authors: Montoro Paola , Maldini Mariateresa , Luciani Leonilda , Tuberoso Carlo I. G. , Congiu Francesca , Pizza Cosimo 
Published: July 2012

Abstract:  Radical scavenging activities of Crocus sativus petals, stamens and entire flowers, which are waste products in the production of the spice saffron, by employing ABTS radical scavenging method, were determined. At the same time, the metabolic profiles of different extract (obtained by petals, stamens and flowers) were obtained by LC‐ESI‐IT MS (liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry equipped with Ion Trap analyser). LC‐ESI‐MS is a techniques largely used nowadays for qualitative fingerprint of herbal extracts and particularly for phenolic compounds. To compare the different extracts under an analytical point of view a specific method for qualitative LC‐MS analysis was developed. The high variety of glycosylated flavonoids found in the metabolic profiles could give value to C. sativus petals, stamens and entire flowers.Practical Application:  Waste products obtained during saffron production, could represent an interesting source of phenolic compounds, with respect to the high variety of compounds and their free radical scavenging activity.
Study of Optimal Extraction Conditions for Achieving High Yield and Antioxidant Activity of Tomato Seed Oil
Authors: Shao Dongyan , Atungulu Griffiths G. , Pan Zhongli , Yue Tianli , Zhang Ang , Li Xuan 
Published: July 2012

Abstract:  Value of tomato seed has not been fully recognized. The objectives of this research were to establish suitable processing conditions for extracting oil from tomato seed by using solvent, determine the impact of processing conditions on yield and antioxidant activity of extracted oil, and elucidate kinetics of the oil extraction process. Four processing parameters, including time, temperature, solvent‐to‐solid ratio and particle size were studied. A second order model was established to describe the oil extraction process. Based on the results, increasing temperature, solvent‐to‐solid ratio, and extraction time increased oil yield. In contrast, larger particle size reduced the oil yield. The recommended oil extraction conditions were 8 min of extraction time at temperature of 25 °C, solvent‐to‐solids ratio of 5/1 (v/w) and particle size of 0.38 mm, which gave oil yield of 20.32% with recovery rate of 78.56%. The DPPH scavenging activity of extracted oil was not significantly affected by the extraction parameters. The inhibitory concentration (IC50) of tomato seed oil was 8.67 mg/mL which was notably low compared to most vegetable oils. A 2nd order model successfully described the kinetics of tomato oil extraction process and parameters of extraction kinetics including initial extraction rate (h), equilibrium concentration of oil (Cs), and the extraction rate constant (k) could be precisely predicted with R2 of at least 0.957.Practical Application:  The study revealed that tomato seed which is typically treated as a low value byproduct of tomato processing has great potential in producing oil with high antioxidant capability. The impact of processing conditions including time, temperature, solvent‐to‐solid ratio and particle size on yield, and antioxidant activity of extracted tomato seed oil are reported. Optimal conditions and models which describe the extraction process are recommended. The information is vital for determining the extraction processing conditions for industrial production of high quality tomato seed oil.
Music Cognition: A Developmental Perspective
Authors: Stalinski Stephanie M. , Schellenberg E. Glenn 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAlthough music is universal, there is a great deal of cultural variability in music structures. Nevertheless, some aspects of music processing generalize across cultures, whereas others rely heavily on the listening environment. Here, we discuss the development of musical knowledge, focusing on four themes: (a) capabilities that are present early in development; (b) culture‐general and culture‐specific aspects of pitch and rhythm processing; (c) age‐related changes in pitch perception; and (d) developmental changes in how listeners perceive emotion in music.
Developing a culturally appropriate mental health care service for Samoa
Authors: Enoka Matamua Iokapeta Sina , Tenari Aliilelei , Sili Tupou , Peteru Latama , Tago Pisaina , Blignault Ilse 
Published: July 2012

AbstractMental Health Care Services are part of the National Health Services for Samoa. Their function is to provide mental health care services to the population of Samoa, which numbers 180,000 people. However, like many other countries in the Pacific region, mental health is considered a low priority. The mental health budget allocation barely covers the operation of mental health care services. More broadly, there is a lack of political awareness about mental health care services and mental health rarely becomes an issue of deliberation in the political arena. This article outlines the recent development of mental health care services in Samoa, including the Mental Health Policy 2006 and Mental Health Act 2007. It tells the story of the successful integration of aiga (family) as an active partner in the provision of care, and the development of the Aiga model utilizing Samoan cultural values to promote culturally appropriate family‐focused community mental health care for Samoa. Mental Health Care Services today encompass both clinical and family‐focused community mental health care services. The work is largely nurse‐led. Much has been achieved over the past 25 years. Increased recognition by government and increased resourcing are necessary to meet the future health care needs of the Samoan people.
Retroperitoneal laparoscopic single‐site nephroureterectomy: Initial operative experience
Authors: Okegawa Takatsugu , Itaya Naoshi , Hara Hidehiko , Nutahara Kikuo , Higashihara Eiji 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIntroductionOur aim was to describe our early experience with laparoendoscopic single‐site surgery (LESS) via the retroperitoneal approach for upper urinary tract tumors.MethodsSince April 2010, 21 patients with upper urinary tract cell carcinoma were treated by our team: 12 patients have undergone LESS nephroureterectomy and 9 have undergone standard retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery. In our LESS procedure, we employed a bendable grasper in the non‐dominant hand and a standard straight laparoscopic instrument in the dominant hand. Nephrectomy was performed using procedures similar to those of conventional laparoscopic nephrectomy. In standard laparoscopic nephroureterectomy, the distal ureter and bladder cuff were excised by using the open method.ResultsAll operations using retroperitoneal LESS nephroureterectomy were completed without conversion to standard laparoscopy or open surgery. No intraoperative or acute postoperative complications occurred. We compared the results of the retroperitoneal single‐port laparoscopic surgery group to the standard retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery group and found that the retroperitoneal LESS nephroureterectomy had significantly less estimated blood loss (P = 0.034). No significant difference was noted with respect to age, BMI, operation time, time to oral intake, length of hospitalization, and the visual analog pain scale score at discharge (
P > 0.05).ConclusionThe initial reports of retroperitoneal LESS nephroureterectomy demonstrate that the technique is a safe and feasible procedure for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma.
Facts and Problems of Migration Policies
Authors: Golini Antonio 
Published: July 2012

“Achilles is 100 metres away from a tortoise. He runs ten times faster than the tortoise. When he arrives at the point where the tortoise was at the beginning, the tortoise will be ten metres away from him. Then it will be one metre, ten centimetres … farther. He will never meet up with the tortoise.”               Zeno of Elea
Evaluation of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Based on Crude Leishmania Histone Proteins for Serodiagnosis of Human Infantile Visceral Leishmaniasis
Authors: Lakhal Sami , Mekki Salima , Ben-Abda Imène , Mousli Mohamed , Amri Fethi , Aoun Karim , Bouratbine Aïda 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACT

Human visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is routinely diagnosed by detecting IgG that specifically binds to
Leishmania
antigens. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) remains a widely used method. However, the biggest challenge remains the choice of antigen with the highest specificity and sensitivity. This study is aimed at assessing the diagnostic performances of crude
Leishmania
histone (CLH) protein-based ELISAs in Mediterranean VL patients. The CLH proteins were biochemically purified from promastigote nuclear extracts. Their reactivities were analyzed by Western blotting (WB) using rabbit polyclonal antibodies against
Leishmania
recombinant histones and sera from VL patients, respectively. Then, the diagnostic potential of CLH proteins was validated by the CLH-based ELISA using 42 infantile VL patients' sera and 70 control subjects. The CLH-based ELISA performance was compared to that of the soluble
Leishmania
antigen (SLA)- and the recombinant K39 (rK39)-based ELISAs. Analysis of the WB profile with the use of polyclonal antibodies confirmed the histone origin of low molecular mass proteins (12 to 16 kDa). All VL samples tested presented antibodies reacting against different antigen fractions; however, recognition patterns were different depending on the reactivity of each serum. CLH-based ELISA showed an excellent ability to discriminate between VL cases and healthy controls (97.6% sensitivity and 100% specificity). It had a diagnostic performance similar to that of rK39-based ELISA (97.6% sensitivity and 97.1% specificity,
P
= 0.5) and a better serodiagnosis accuracy than the SLA-based ELISA (85.7% sensitivity and 90% specificity,
P
< 0.05). Therefore, crude
Leishmania
histone extract could be a valuable antigen for clinical use.
Intestinal and Systemic Immune Development and Response to Vaccination Are Unaffected by Dietary (1,3/1,6)-β-
d
-Glucan Supplementation in Neonatal Piglets
Authors: Hester Shelly N. , Comstock Sarah S. , Thorum Shannon C. , Monaco Marcia H. , Pence Brandt D. , Woods Jeffrey A. , Donovan Sharon M. 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACT

Infants are susceptible to infections in early life and must rely on their innate immune system for protection. β-Glucans potentiate immune responses. Therefore, we evaluated the influence of purified yeast (1,3/1,6)-β-
d
-glucan (Wellmune WGP, here referred to as WGP) on the development of the gastrointestinal tract and the intestinal and systemic immune systems in neonatal piglets. Piglets were fed formula containing 0 (control), 1.8, 18, or 90 mg WGP/kg body weight (BW) and were vaccinated against human influenza. Piglets were euthanized at 7 or 21 days of age. Piglet weight and small intestinal length and weight were unaffected by dietary WGP. In addition, WGP did not affect ileal crypt depth, villus height, or ascending colon cuff depth. Immune parameters not affected by WGP supplementation included T cell phenotypes, cytokine gene expression, and cell proliferation. However, vaccination and developmental effects were seen. Overall, the doses of 1.8, 18, and 90 mg/kg BW of dietary WGP had no effect on intestinal or immune development and did not improve the antibody response to vaccination in neonatal piglets.
Complete Genome Sequence of Bacillus anthracis H9401, an Isolate from a Korean Patient with Anthrax
Authors: Chun Jeong-Hoon , Hong Kee-Jong , Cha Sun Ho , Cho Min-Hee , Lee Kwang Jun , Jeong Duck Hee , Yoo Cheon-Kwon , Rhie Gi-eun 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACT

Bacillus anthracis
H9401 (NCCP 12889) is an isolate from a Korean patient with gastrointestinal anthrax. The whole genome of H9401 was sequenced. It is a circular chromosome containing 5,480 open reading frames (ORFs) and two plasmids, pXO1 containing 202 ORFs and pXO2 containing 110 ORFs. H9401 shows high pathogenicity and genome sequence similarity to Ames Ancestor.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Antagonistic Rhizosphere Bacterium Serratia plymuthica Strain PRI-2C
Authors: Garbeva P. , van Elsas J. D. , de Boer W. 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACT

Serratia plymuthica
strain PRI-2C is a rhizosphere bacterial strain with antagonistic activity against different plant pathogens. Here we present the 5.39-Mb (G+C content, 55.67%) draft genome sequence of
S. plymuthica
strain PRI-2C with the aim of providing insight into the genomic basis of its antagonistic activity.
Complete Genome Sequence of Leptospirillum ferrooxidans Strain C2-3, Isolated from a Fresh Volcanic Ash Deposit on the Island of Miyake, Japan
Authors: Fujimura Reiko , Sato Yoshinori , Nishizawa Tomoyasu , Oshima Kenshiro , Kim Seok-Won , Hattori Masahira , Kamijo Takashi , Ohta Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACT

A diazotrophic, acidophilic, iron-oxidizing bacterium,
Leptospirillum ferrooxidans
, known to be difficult to cultivate, was isolated from a fresh volcanic ash deposit on the island of Miyake, Japan. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of a cultured strain, C2-3.
Draft Genome Sequence of Streptomyces globisporus C-1027, Which Produces an Antitumor Antibiotic Consisting of a Nine-Membered Enediyne with a Chromoprotein
Authors: Wang Lifei , Wang Songmei , He Qing , Yu Tengfei , Li Qinglian , Hong Bin 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACT

Streptomyces globisporus
C-1027 is the producer of antitumor antibiotic C-1027, a nine-membered enediyne-containing compound. Here we present a draft genome sequence of
S. globisporus
C-1027 containing the intact biosynthetic gene cluster for this antibiotic. The genome also carries numerous sets of genes for the biosynthesis of diverse secondary metabolites.
Respiratory Virus Detection in Immunocompromised Patients with FilmArray Respiratory Panel Compared to Conventional Methods
Authors: Hammond Sarah P. , Gagne Lisa S. , Stock Shannon R. , Marty Francisco M. , Gelman Rebecca S. , Marasco Wayne A. , Poritz Mark A. , Baden Lindsey R. 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTRespiratory virus infections cause significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Timely diagnosis is needed to provide optimal clinical care. Diagnostic tests routinely available at most institutions are limited by poor sensitivity and a slow turnaround time. We collected 90 respiratory samples from 87 immunocompromised patients (56 bronchoalveolar lavage and 34 nasopharyngeal aspirate samples) in order to compare the performance of routine respiratory virus testing available at our institution to the FilmArray respiratory panel assay, a novel diagnostic tool which utilizes multiplex PCR to test for 21 respiratory pathogens with a 1-h turnaround time. Samples with discordant results and 13 samples with concordant results underwent further verification testing by laboratory-developed real-time PCR. The FilmArray assay identified viral pathogens in more samples than did clinical testing (30/90 versus 16/90; McNemarP= 0.001). Most of the additional viral pathogens identified by the FilmArray respiratory panel assay that were confirmed by verification testing were pathogens not assessed by routine clinical tests, including rhinovirus/enterovirus, human metapneumovirus, and coronavirus. The FilmArray respiratory panel assay allowed for increased identification of respiratory viral pathogens in this cohort of immunocompromised patients.
A Swordless Knight: Epidemiology and Molecular Characteristics of the
bla
KPC
-Negative Sequence Type 258 Klebsiella pneumoniae Clone
Authors: Adler Amos , Paikin Svetlana , Sterlin Yelena , Glick Josef , Edgar Rotem , Aronov Rima , Schwaber Mitchell J. , Carmeli Yehuda 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACT

In June 2010, a
bla
KPC
-negative, ertapenem-resistant ST-258
Klebsiella pneumoniae
strain was isolated from a patient in the Laniado Medical Center (LMC). Our aims were (i) to describe its molecular characteristics and resistance mechanisms and (ii) to assess whether the
bla
KPC
-negative ST-258
K. pneumoniae
clone spreads as efficiently as its KPC-producing isogenic strain. In a prospective study, surveillance of all ertapenem-resistant, carbapenemase-negative
K. pneumoniae
(ERCNKP) isolates was conducted from June 2010 to May 2011 at LMC (314 beds) and from July 2008 to December 2010 at the Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center (TASMC) (1,200 beds). Molecular typing was done by arbitrarily primed PCR, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). A total of 8 of 42 (19%) ERCNKP isolates in LMC and 1 of 32 (3.1%) in TASMC belonged to the ST-258 clone. These strains carried the
bla
CTX-M-2
or the
bla
CTX-M-25
extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) gene. Sequencing of the
ompK
genes showed a frameshift mutation in the
ompK35
gene. The fate of the
bla
KPC
-carrying plasmid, pKpQIL, was determined by S1 analysis and by PCR of the Tn
4401
transposon,
repA
, and the truncated
bla
OXA-9
. Plasmid analysis of the ERCNKP ST-258 isolates showed variability in plasmid composition and absence of the Tn
4401
transposon and the pKpQIL plasmid. In addition, the ST-258 clone was identified in 35/35 (100%) of KPC-producing
K. pneumoniae
isolates but in none of 62 ertapenem-susceptible
K. pneumoniae
isolates collected in the two centers. Our results suggest that ERCNKP ST-258 evolved by loss of the
bla
KPC
-carrying plasmid pKpQIL. ERCNKP ST-258 appears to have low epidemic potential.
Evaluation of Clearview Exact PBP2a, a New Immunochromatographic Assay, for Detection of Low-Level Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LL-MRSA)
Authors: Nonhoff Claire , Roisin Sandrine , Hallin Marie , Denis Olivier 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACT

We evaluated the performance of a new immunochromatographic assay (ICA), the Clearview Exact PBP2a, for rapid detection of penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a) in a challenge set of
Staphylococcus aureus
strains showing MICs to oxacillin of ≤16 mg/liter. The sensitivity and specificity of the ICA were 96.6% and 100%, respectively.
Variation-Tolerant Capture and Multiplex Detection of Nucleic Acids: Application to Detection of Microbes
Authors: Öhrmalm Christina , Eriksson Ronnie , Jobs Magnus , Simonson Magnus , Strømme Maria , Bondeson Kåre , Herrmann Björn , Melhus Åsa , Blomberg Jonas 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACT

In contrast to ordinary PCRs, which have a limited multiplex capacity and often return false-negative results due to target variation or inhibition, our new detection strategy, VOCMA (
v
ariation-t
o
lerant
c
apture
m
ultiplex
a
ssay), allows variation-tolerant, target-specific capture and detection of many nucleic acids in one test. Here we demonstrate the use of a single-tube, dual-step amplification strategy that overcomes the usual limitations of PCR multiplexing, allowing at least a 22-plex format with retained sensitivity. Variation tolerance was achieved using long primers and probes designed to withstand variation at known sites and a judicious mix of degeneration and universal bases. We tested VOCMA in situations where enrichment from a large sample volume with high sensitivity and multiplexity is important (sepsis; streptococci, enterococci, and staphylococci, several enterobacteria, candida, and the most important antibiotic resistance genes) and where variation tolerance and high multiplexity is important (gastroenteritis; astrovirus, adenovirus, rotavirus, norovirus genogroups I and II, and sapovirus, as well as enteroviruses, which are not associated with gastroenteritis). Detection sensitivities of 10 to 1,000 copies per reaction were achieved for many targets. VOCMA is a highly multiplex, variation-tolerant, general purpose nucleic acid detection concept. It is a specific and sensitive method for simultaneous detection of nucleic acids from viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, as well as host nucleic acid, in the same test. It can be run on an ordinary PCR and a Luminex machine and is suitable for both clinical diagnoses and microbial surveillance.