bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Respiratory internal kinematics of the tongue base and soft palate in obese minipigs with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Liu Zi‐Jun , Yang Mandee , Deng Meng‐Zhao , Abdelfattah Mohamed Yehia , Baldwin Michael C. , Weaver Edward M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIt is largely unknown how the tongue base and soft palate deform to alter the configuration of the oropharyngeal airway during respiration. This study is to address this important gap. After live sleep monitoring of five Yucatan and two Panepinto minipigs to verify obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), eight and four ultrasonic crystals were implanted into the tongue base and soft palate to circumscribe a cubic and square region, respectively. The 3D and 2D deformational changes of the circumscribed regions were measured simultaneously with electromyographic activity of the oropharyngeal muscles during spontaneous respiration under sedated sleep. The results indicated that both obese Yucatan and Panepinto minipigs presented spontaneous OSA, but not in three nonobese Yucatan minipigs. During inspiration, the tongue base showed elongation in both dorsal and ventral regions but thinning and thickening in the anterior and posterior regions, respectively. The widths showed opposite directions, widening in the dorsal but narrowing in the ventral regions. The soft palate expanded in both length and width. Compared to normal controls, obese/OSA ones showed similar directions of deformational changes, but the magnitude of change was two times larger in the tongue base and soft palate, and obese/OSA Panepinto minipigs presented 10 times larger changes in all dimensions of both the tongue base and the soft palate. The distance changes between the dorsal surface of tongue base and soft palate during inspiration increased in normal but decreased in obese OSA minipigs.
“Hireability” prospects for known bystander reporters of sexual harassment: Moral character, agreeableness, and gender effects
Authors: Chen Anjier , Treviño Linda K. , Joshi Aparna , Caligiuri Michael D. 
Published: June 2024

SummaryBystander intervention has been promoted across organizations to combat sexual harassment and its deleterious effects. However, the career consequences of bystander reporters (e.g., their hireability prospects inside and outside the organization)—those who report sexual harassment on behalf of coworkers—are not well understood. Based on the social identity and person perception literatures, which suggest that recruiters are motivated to hire candidates with attributes helpful to the organization (perceived moral character and agreeableness), we proposed that candidates' history of reporting sexual harassment on behalf of a victim leads to perceived high moral character but low agreeableness, which subsequently have countervailing effects on hireability of these known reporters. We found support across three experimental studies using realistic hiring decision‐making tasks and various employee samples. Based on the social identity literature, we further argued that perceptions and hireability of the known reporters depend on recruiter and candidate genders. In Study 2 and Study 3, we consistently found that the positive effect of reporting on perceptions of candidate moral character was weaker when the recruiter was male (vs. female) but we found mixed results for candidate gender effects. Theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.
Studies on the properties and molecular dynamics simulations of nonionic surfactants based on succinic acid derivatives
Authors: Luo Feng , Zhang Wannian , Yu Fang , Wang Jinlong , He Yu‐Peng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNonionic surfactants have proven useful in various applications such as wastewater treatment, enhanced oil recovery, dyeing, and cosmetics. Novel nonionic surfactants such as PEMP, BEMP, HEMP and BEEP were synthesized based on succinic acid derivatives and using L‐isoleucine as the linking group and four polyether alcohols as the hydrophilic group. First, the structures of the four nonionic surfactants were studied using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. Then the critical micelle concentration (CMC) and surface tension at CMC (γCMC) of the four nonionic surfactants in aqueous solution were tested. γ‐lg c curves determined the relationships of their surface properties as BEEP > PEMP > BEMP > HEMP. In order to expand the range of applications for nonionic surfactants, we evaluated the salt‐resistant properties of four such surfactants. Our findings demonstrated that this class of surfactants indeed has superior salt‐resistant properties. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to study how surfactant molecules aggregate in the interfacial film. The study investigated the trend of solvent accessible surface area (SASA) over time. Results showed that the surfactant molecules interacted well with solvent molecules in the equilibrium state. This study investigates the performance differences among four types of surfactants using the electrostatic potential (ESP) distribution of their molecules. The study employed both experimental and computational simulations to provide a more comprehensive understanding of surfactant properties. The results offer insights into the theoretical research and application extension of this class of surfactants.
A functional approach to defining and repairing moral injury: Evidence, change agents, clinical strategies, and lessons learned
Authors: Litz Brett T. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis is a conceptual overview of a premeeting institute (PMI) I presented at the 39th International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS) annual meeting in November 2023 entitled, “A Functional Approach to Repairing Moral Injury and Traumatic Loss in Context: Evidence, Change Agents, Clinical Strategies, and Lessons Learned.” This paper was invited by the co‐chairs of the Scientific Program Committee, Isaac Galatzer‐Levy and Katharina Schultebraucks. I first describe the aims of the PMI and then summarize the foundational assumptions that led me to expand adaptive disclosure and create adaptive disclosure–enhanced (AD‐E). The foundational assumptions are that (a) moral injury is a unique measurable potential clinical problem, (b) moral injury damages the sustaining building blocks to personal and collective humanity, and (c) repairing moral injury requires corrective humanizing and virtuous experiences and connections. I then provide an overview of AD‐E and describe two new change agents— loving–kindness meditation and letter writing—that augment the original AD in service of promoting corrective experiences in the social world that are valued, valuing, and promote the experience of belonging.
Long‐term follow‐up and prognostic analysis of parotid tumors in children and adolescents
Authors: Liu Lei , Xiang Yuqing , Shui Chunyan , Li Chao , Xiong Lujing , Hu Jinchuan , Ai Hao , Zhou Yuqiu , Jiang Jian , Cai Yongcong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this study is to summarize the clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of parotid tumors in children and adolescents.MethodsFifty‐three children and adolescents diagnosed with parotid gland tumors were included. Survival was evaluated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Log‐rank test and multivariate analysis were used to analyze the association between clinical factors and recurrence.ResultsOf the 53 patients, 30 cases were benign and 23 cases were malignant. All patients underwent surgery. Patients with malignant tumors with high‐risk factors received radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The median follow‐up time was 61 months. Of these, 1 patient with benign tumor and 5 patients with malignant tumors recurred. Of the patients with malignant tumors, 2 developed distant metastases and 2 died. The 5‐year overall survival (OS) and 5‐year locoregional recurrence‐free survival (LRFS) rates for benign tumors were 100.0% and 92.9%, respectively, whereas the 5‐year OS and 5‐year LRFS rates for malignant tumors were 94.4% and 72.5%, respectively. The log‐rank univariate test showed that tumor size >3.5 cm (p = .056), distant metastasis (p = .056), and stage III and IV (p = .032) were associated with recurrence. However, multivariate analysis did not show the above factors to be independent prognostic factors for LRFS.ConclusionSurgery for benign tumors depends on the location and size. Surgery for malignant parotid tumors depends mainly on the stage, grade, pathological type, and recurrence. Prophylactic lymph node dissection is required for high‐grade tumors. Radiotherapy or chemotherapy for children needs more research. Both benign and malignant tumors have high survival rates after active treatment.Level of evidenceLevel 2.
Long‐term outcomes following impedance‐controlled radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of chronic rhinitis
Authors: Reh Douglas D. , Lay Kristopher , Davis Greg , Dubin Marc G. , Yen David M. , O'Malley Ellen M. , Sillers Michael 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo assess long‐term safety and effectiveness of a multipoint, impedance‐controlled, RF ablation device for treatment of chronic rhinitis through 12‐month follow‐up.MethodsA prospective, multicenter study. Bilateral posterior nasal nerve (PNN) ablation was performed on all participants. Assessments at 6‐, 9‐, and 12‐month visits included Visual Analog Scale Nasal Symptom Score (VAS NSS), reflective Total Nasal Symptom Score (rTNSS), mini‐Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (mini RQLQ), and adverse events.ResultsThirty‐six participants were enrolled and 35 completed the 12‐month follow‐up. All 5 VAS NSS items demonstrated statistically significant improvement (p < .0001) over baseline at all 3 time points. The total rTNSS improved from 7.9 ± 1.8 at baseline to 4.3 ± 2.1 at 6‐months, 3.8 ± 2.4 at 9‐months, and 4.0 ± 2.1 at 12‐months (all p < .0001). At 12‐months, 91% (31/35) of participants had achieved the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) of a reduction from baseline of ≥1 point and 80% (28/35) of the participants met the responder criteria of ≥30% reduction from baseline. The total mean mini RQLQ was reduced from 3.0 ± 1.0 at baseline to 1.4 ± 0.8 at 6‐months, 1.4 ± 1.0 at 9‐months, and 1.3 ± 0.8 at 12‐months (all p < .0001). At 12‐months, 86% (30/35) of participants achieved the MCID of a reduction from baseline of ≥0.4 points for the mini RQLQ. No related serious adverse events occurred during the study.ConclusionsImpedance‐controlled RF ablation of the PNN is safe and resulted in durable, significant improvement in rhinitis symptoms and quality of life through 12‐month follow‐up.Trial RegistrationThe study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov with the unique identifier of NCT05324397.Level of Evidence4.
Efficient Electrical Extraction of Nonlinear Response and Large Linear Dynamic Range Implementation in MoS2/BaTiO3 Hetero‐Integrated Photodetector
Authors: Guan Heyuan , Liu Fengli , He Zhigang , Xie Hanrong , Xie Manyan , Fang Ziliang , Yang Mingxu , Chen Bingyu , Liang Xijie , Li Fang , Wei Yuming , Yang Tiefeng , Lu Huihui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractConventional photodetectors overly pursue high light‐to‐electric conversion efficiency under weak light stimulation, while disregarding the saturated absorption‐induced blinding effect upon strong light, and achieving efficient photodetection covering a large power range remains a great challenge. In this work, MoS2/BaTiO3 heterostructures are constructed through a low‐cost exfoliation and transfer method combined with spin‐coating. The photoresponse behaviors before and after assembling the BaTiO3 nanoparticles onto the MoS2 nanoflake are investigated, indicating that the high conductivity of MoS2 and ferroelectricity of BaTiO3 can complement each other to improve the photoresponse of the hetero‐integrated device, acquiring a high photoresponsivity of 17402 A W−1 under 0.2 nW irradiation, and a significant 570 µA photocurrent under 8 mW irradiation, realizing a large linear dynamic range index of 152 dB, which is at the top level among layered semiconductor‐based detectors. Moreover, strong power near‐infrared light can be up‐converted to the visible band through the nonlinear effect of BaTiO3, subsequently absorbed by the MoS2 and contributing to the photocurrent, providing a solution to combat and alleviate the saturated absorption issue in photodetection. This work marks a significant advancement in achieving robust high‐performance photodetection by hetero‐integrating 2D materials with ferroelectrics.
Physical Modifications of Kombucha‐Derived Bacterial Nanocellulose: Toward a Functional Bionanocomposite Platform
Authors: Imanbekova Meruyert , Abbasi Reza , Hu Xinyue , Sharma Mohul , Vandewynckele‐Bossut Marion , Haldavnekar Rupa , Wachsmann‐Hogiu Sebastian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSustainable functionalization of bacterial cellulose for cost‐effective bionanocomposites with desired properties has received growing attention in recent years. This article presents the results of work aimed at obtaining bionanocomposite materials based on bacterial cellulose, a natural and eco‐friendly material. Bacterial cellulose obtained from the Kombucha symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) fermentation process is functionalized by embedding with diatom frustules, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS). The effects of functionalization on mechanical, optical, plasmonic, electrical, chemiluminescent, and antimicrobial properties are evaluated. Morphological characteristics of the nanocomposites are studied using electron microscopy. Addition of diatom frustules introduced into the SCOBY culture media results in bionanocomposite materials with enhanced tensile strength and increased ultraviolet (UV) blockage properties. In situ functionalization of bacterial cellulose with AgNPs tunes plasmonic and chemiluminescent properties, revealing the biosensing potential of the material. Modified bacterial cellulose shows antimicrobial activity in experiments with gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria. Dual functionalization of bacterial cellulose with PEDOT:PSS and AgNPs results in improved electrical conductivity of the bionanocomposite. Overall, bottom‐up physical functionalization approaches and the resulting bionanocomposite materials will open up new opportunities for the low‐cost production of green materials and contribute to the development of a sustainable economy.
2D Porphyrin‐Based Covalent–Organic Framework/PEG Composites: A Rational Strategy for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Yao Chan , Wang Shuhao , Zha Yixuan , Xu Yanhong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTwo‐dimensional porphyrin‐based covalent–organic frameworks (2D‐por‐COFs) have gained significant attention as attractive platforms for efficient solar light conversion into hydrogen production. Herein, it is found that introducing transition metal zinc and polyethylene glycol (PEG) into 2D‐por‐COFs can effectively improve the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance. The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of ZnPor‐COF is 2.82 times higher than that of H2Por‐COF. Moreover, ZnPor‐COF@PEG has the highest photocatalytic hydrogen evolution efficiency, which is 1.31 and 3.7 times that of pristine ZnPor‐COF and H2Por‐COF, respectively. The filling of PEG makes the layered structure of COFs more stable. PEG reduces the distortion and deformation of the carbon skeleton after the experiment of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. The layered stacking and crystallization of 2D‐por‐COFs are also enhanced. Meanwhile, the presence of PEG also accelerates the transfer of excited electrons and enhances the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity. This strategy will provide valuable insights into the design of 2D‐por‐COFs as efficient solid photocatalysts for solar‐driven hydrogen production.
On the optimal design of peer monitoring systems in capital budgeting
Authors: Meder Anthony A. , Nikias Anthony D. , Schwartz Steven T. , Young Richard A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper considers peer monitoring in a capital budgeting setting with information asymmetry between principal and agents. The paper demonstrates in a two‐agent, two‐project setting that the principal can have each agent reveal their private information on the other agent's project, at an arbitrarily low cost. Next, an examination of monitoring resource allocations is made. Specifically, a comparison is made of broad monitoring, which spreads monitoring resources equally across agents' projects, and focused monitoring, which applies all monitoring resources to a single agent's project. Focused monitoring is preferred within an intermediate range of profitability, above which broad monitoring is preferred and below which neither is preferred. If project profitability is heterogeneous and focused monitoring is preferred, the more profitable project receives the focus. Both of these results occur because there is a threshold of monitoring resources that must be deployed for monitoring to provide any benefit, and the threshold is higher (more resources must be deployed) for lower profitability projects. That is, even if all monitoring resources are devoted to a low profitability project, they may provide no benefit to the principal. A discussion of how peer monitoring can be engineered by the firm is included.
Design of millimeter wave broadband polarization reconfigurable horn antenna based on elliptical waveguide polarizer
Authors: Quan Shuanglong , Cao Jianyin , He Chao , Wang Yan , Wang Hao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA broadband polarized reconfigurable horn antenna for K‐band and Ka‐band is designed using a circular polarizer in the form of an elliptical waveguide and a circular waveguide flange based on a gap structure. The designed noncontact circular waveguide flange with gap structure can switch the antenna excitation signal to different modes of electromagnetic waves by mechanical rotation. When excited by different modes of electromagnetic waves, the designed elliptical waveguide circular polarizer can switch between linear polarization, left‐handed circular polarization, and right‐handed circular polarization. The antenna is analyzed in principle, modeled and simulated, and processed by three‐dimensional printing process. The measured results show that S11 ≤ −15dB, axial ratio ≤ 3 dB, gain ≥14 dBi in 37.8% relative bandwidth range (22.5–33 GHz). The proposed antenna is broadband, multipolar, and reconfigurable, which makes it have broad application prospects in the field of satellite communication and millimeter‐wave communication.
Design of a scalable microfiber optic temperature transmitter based on fluorescence lifetime
Authors: Shen Xuchao , Zhang Enlong , Jia Zikun , Wang Chenyng , Zhang Zhaoyan , Zhou Ning , Liu Xiuling , Lou Cunguang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo facilitate temperature detection in industrial production settings, an optical fiber temperature transmitter was developed utilizing fluorescence lifetime as its basis. Comprising an upper computer, fiber optic temperature transmitter, and optical fiber probe, the system incorporates a scalable fluorescence detection module. Real‐time temperature calculation is achieved through a microcontroller based on the fluorescence lifetime, with results transmitted to the upper computer, the optical fiber sensor exhibits a resolution of 0.01°C and an accuracy of ±0.3°C.
X‐band high isolation single pole double throw switch based on resonant concept
Authors: Zhang Yi , Zhou Yingjie , Lu Xinmin , Yang Lei , Zhang Changchun , Guo Yufeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUtilizing the 0.25 μm GaN HEMT process, a high‐isolation single pole double throw (SPDT) RF switch has been meticulously designed for the X‐band. The circuit topology employs a series‐shunt configuration to prevent signal leakage, thereby enhancing chip isolation. By incorporating series transistors and shunt inductors, LC resonance is achieved, significantly boosting isolation performance. To optimize port matching and ensure both heightened isolation and minimized insertion loss, inductors are strategically integrated into each port. The inclusion of these lumped inductors contributes significantly to reducing the chip's footprint. Die measurement results demonstrate that across the 8–12 GHz frequency spectrum, insertion loss remains below 1.1 dB, with isolation exceeding 36 dB. Remarkably, at 10.5 GHz, isolation peaks at an impressive 52 dB. Moreover, return loss surpasses 12 dB, and the 0.1 dB compression point input power stands at 43.5 dBm, all achieved within a compact chip area of only 1 mm2.
Preoperative lifestyle modifications combined with a structured exercise protocol on patient outcomes following total knee replacement surgery: A systematic review
Authors: Kan A. , Page K. , Devine N. , Rabajoli A. , Sattler L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundMedical guidelines recommend structured prehabilitation protocols consisting of lifestyle modifications and exercise to enhance post‐operative outcomes for patients undergoing a total knee replacement (TKR). However, current research showing effectiveness is limited and has primarily focused on outcomes of exercise‐based prehabilitation.ObjectivesTo investigate whether a structured prehabilitation protocol consisting of exercise and lifestyle modifications improves physical function and patient‐reported outcomes following TKR surgery compared with usual care.DesignSystematic review.MethodsFive databases were searched to identify randomised controlled trials comparing structured prehabilitation programs consisting of lifestyle modifications and exercise, with usual care, for those undergoing a TKR. Methodological quality of included studies was assessed via the RoB 2.0 tool and results synthesis via a Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach was performed to determine the certainty evidence for each outcome.Results/findingsFour studies were included in this review. Despite a positive trend supporting the inclusion of a structured prehabilitation protocol, additional improvements in post‐operative pain, physical function and self‐reported function were only seen in one study. Reductions in hospital length of stay were also seen in one study. No additional improvements in post‐operative quality of life following prehabilitation were reported.ConclusionLimited evidence supporting prehabilitation reported in our review is likely attributed to the intervention type, intensity, and delivery model of included studies. However, there remains to be strong evidence supporting the use of a structured prehabilitation protocol consisting of lifestyle modifications and exercise to improve post‐operative outcome.
Space–time finite element method with domain reduction techniques for dynamic soil–structure interaction problems
Authors: Sharma Vikas , Shimizu Shion , Fujisawa Kazunori 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDesign of earth structures, such as dams, tunnels, and embankments, against the vibrational loading caused by high‐speed trains, road traffic, underground explosions, and, more importantly, earthquake motion, demands solutions of the dynamic soil–structure Interaction (SSI) problem. This paper presents a velocity‐based space–time finite element procedure, v‐ST/finite element method (FEM), to solve dynamic SSI problems. The main goal of this study is to present the computation details of implementing viscous boundary conditions of Lysmer–Kuhlemeyer to truncate the unbounded soil domain. Furthermore, additional time‐dependent boundary conditions, in terms of the free‐field response, are included to facilitate energy flow from the far field to the computation domain at the vertical truncated boundaries. In the FEM, seismic input motion is applied to an effective nodal force vector, which can be obtained explicitly in the numerical simulations. Finally, the response of a concrete gravity dam resting on an elastic half‐space to the horizontal component of earthquake motion is computed and successfully compared with the results of semidiscrete FEM using the Newmark‐ method.