bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Additional Factor X Enhances Emicizumab-Driven Coagulation Function in Patients with Hemophilia A and Hemophilia A Mice
Authors: Shimizu Kazuki , Nakajima Yuto , Takami Eisuke , Nakano Hirotoshi , Nogami Keiji 
Published: April 2024

Background Bypassing agents are used for breakthrough bleedings in patients with hemophilia A with inhibitor (PwHAwI) receiving emicizumab prophylaxis. Previous study demonstrated a weak binding affinity between emicizumab and factor (F)X (K
d; 1.85 μM), and that this value was much greater than the plasma FX concentration (∼130 nM). We speculated that increased FX levels could enhance coagulation potential in emicizumab-treated patients with hemophilia A (PwHA). To investigate the relationship between FX concentrations and emicizumab-driven coagulation.
Methods Plasma FX (up to 1,040 nM) and emicizumab (50 µg/mL) were added to FVIII-deficient plasmas, and plasma-derived FX (520 nM) or recombinant (r)FVIIa (2.2 µg/mL) was added to plasmas from three emicizumab-treated PwHAwI. The adjusted maximum coagulation velocity (Ad|min1|) by clot waveform analysis and peak thrombin (PeakTh) by thrombin generation assay in them were evaluated. Emicizumab (3.0 mg/kg), human (h)FIX (100 IU/kg), and various doses of hFX (100–500 IU/kg) were intravenously administered to HA mice. Clotting time/clot formation time (CT/CFT) were assessed using rotational thromboelastometry, and blood loss was estimated by a tail-clip assay.
Results The addition of FX to FVIII-deficient plasma with emicizumab increased Ad|min1| and PeakTh. The coagulation parameters in emicizumab-treated PwHAwI spiked with additional FX remained within the normal range as well as the additional rFVIIa. In animal models, hFX injection shortened the CT and CT + CFT. The shorter CT and CT + CFT, and the lower blood loss were evident after 200 or 500 IU/kg hFX administration, and those indices were comparable to those in wild-type mice.
Conclusion Supplementation with FX may improve emicizumab-driven hemostasis in PwHA.
Prominence, Promotion and Positioning of the ‘Thesis by Publication’ in Six Countries
Authors: Mason Shannon , Frick Liezel , Castelló Montserrat , Cheng Wenjuan , Chong Sin Wang , Díaz Villalba Laura , García-Morante Marina , Kong Ming Sum , Sakurai Yusuke , Shojaeian Nazila , Spronken-Smith Rachel , Weise Crista 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe international nature of doctoral education creates interesting tensions where national systems, institutional policies, disciplinary customs, individual supervisor preferences, and doctoral researcher needs meet. The Thesis by Publication (TBP), a model where published works are included within the thesis, is available to doctoral researchers in many disciplines and institutions, but it is not a universally accepted format or approached in a homogeneous way. Policy has been known to shape practice, yet we know little about how institutional policies shape TBP practices across different national contexts. This study presents a content analysis of policy documents related to the TBP in public universities across six countries: Australia, Japan, New Zealand, South Africa, Spain, and the United Kingdom. Our goal is to understand the prevalence of the TBP and related policy documentation in different contexts, and how the model is promoted and positioned within the doctoral landscape. Findings from our study challenge the often-stated notion that the TBP is a universally understood format. Our findings also show the risks in the absence of explicit policies, as well as the possible inequalities that may arise as a result of a lack of policy transparency and synergy within and across contexts.
Advancing the local climate zones framework: a critical review of methodological progress, persisting challenges, and future research prospects
Authors: Han Jie , Mo Nan , Cai Jingyi , Ouyang Leixin , Liu Zhengxuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe local climate zones (LCZs) classification system has emerged as a more refined method for assessing the urban heat island (UHI) effect. However, few researchers have conducted systematic critical reviews and summaries of the research on LCZs, particularly regarding significant advancements of this field in recent years. This paper aims to bridge this gap in scientific research by systematically reviewing the evolution, current status, and future trends of LCZs framework research. Additionally, it critically assesses the impact of the LCZs classification system on climate-responsive urban planning and design. The findings of this study highlight several key points. First, the challenge of large-scale, efficient, and accurate LCZs mapping persists as a significant issue in LCZs research. Despite this challenge, the universality, simplicity, and objectivity of the LCZs framework make it a promising tool for a wide range of applications in the future, especially in the realm of climate-responsive urban planning and design. In conclusion, this study makes a substantial contribution to the advancement of LCZs research and advocates for the broader adoption of this framework to foster sustainable urban development. Furthermore, it offers valuable insights for researchers and practitioners engaged in this field.
Intersectionalities and im/mobilities in family and marriage: a comparative study of Germany and India
Authors: Chaudhuri Mayurakshi , Karmakar Saurav , Shukla Sakshi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article investigates comparative intersections of gender and family sociology internationally, with a specific focus on urban Germany and urban India. In particular, this research examines a central dynamic that informs family and marriage relations globally, and for this research context, in Germany and India: What are the nuanced ways of conceptualizing changing gender roles in marriage and in family in Germany and India? Bringing together a robust understanding of the theoretical frameworks of Intersectionality and of Mobility as large bodies of scholarship that examine geographic and symbolic power geometries, we adopt the lens of Intersectional Im/Mobilities to explore changing gender roles in family and marriage in Germany and India. We particularly focus on an intersectionality-based analysis of two primary themes that arise out of our primary and secondary data: (1) Women’s employment and impact on family life/work–life balance; and (2) Changing gender roles in marriage (through the lens of the division of household labor and aspects of agency and decision making), questions which influence and inflect complex intersectional realities.
Global macroecological patterns in host plant associations of Cryptocephalinae case-bearer leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Agrain Federico A , Vento Bárbara , Flinte Vivian , Reid Chris A M , Chaboo Caroline S 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The aim of our work is to catalogue host plant records of the leaf beetle subfamily Cryptocephalinae at the global scale and use it as the foundation to analyse host plant relationships, one proposed key driver in the evolution of phytophagan hyperdiversity. We describe macro-scale host association patterns and assess the trophic range of Cryptocephalinae at the generic level. We assembled 532 sources and extracted 14 253 host plant records (1894 species of plants) for 1436 species of Cryptocephalinae. The results revealed that most genera of Cryptocephalinae are either polyphagous or strongly polyphagous, yet the five tribes exhibit intrinsic patterns of host association. Clear macroecological constraints exist for Cryptocephalinae within major lineages of plants. Polyphagy is also maintained for most of the documented juvenile stages and the 19 genera with myrmecophilous species. The most common host plants for Cryptocephalinae are eudicots, especially among the rosids the order Fabales has the most records, and Asterales, Fagales, Malpighiales, Myrtales, Rosales, and Sapindales are common hosts within all Cryptocephalinae tribes. Our meta-analysis approach and assessing the quality of host plant records permit detection of patterns in host association at the global scale and allows detection of all levels of plant–beetle interactions, from unlikely hosts to potential or real feeders. Our criteria for assessing host plant records and our working model can be applied to other chrysomelid subfamilies and phytophagous insects. The analysis of macroecological patterns and host checklist provide a basis for generic revisions and hypothesis construction in future ecological, molecular, and morphological studies.
Clinical role of abbreviated and ultrafast MRI in breast imaging
Authors: Juliano Mario , Samreen Naziya , Chacko Celin , Heller Samantha L 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Current breast cancer screening relies on mammography, digital breast tomosynthesis and breast ultrasound. In select populations, breast MRI is also of great utility. However, multiple factors limit widespread use of breast MRI for screening. Efforts have been made to increase the availability of breast MRI for screening, in large part due to the increased cancer detection rate of breast MRI compared to mammography. Techniques include shortening standard breast MRI protocols with the potential for accommodating MRI screening in a higher number of patients. This review will explain the role of abbreviated breast MRI and ultrafast breast MRI in breast imaging, and detail how these approaches differ from standard dynamic contrast-enhanced breast MRI. In addition, limitations and advantages of these techniques will also be discussed.
Western European Variation in the Organization of Esophageal Cancer Surgical Care
Authors: Visser Maurits R , Voeten Daan M , Gisbertz Suzanne S , Ruurda Jelle P , Achiam Michael P , Nilsson Magnus , Markar Sheraz R , Pera Manuel , Rosati Riccardo , Piessen Guillaume , Nafteux Philippe , Gutschow Christian A , Grimminger Peter P , Räsänen Jari V , Reynolds John V , Johannessen Hans-Olaf , Vieira Pedro , Weitzendorfer Michael , Kechagias Aristotelis , van Berge Henegouwen Mark I , van Hillegersberg Richard 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Reasons for structural and outcome differences in esophageal cancer surgery in Western Europe remain unclear. This questionnaire study aimed to identify differences in the organization of esophageal cancer surgical care in Western Europe. A cross-sectional international questionnaire study was conducted among upper gastrointestinal (GI) surgeons from Western Europe. One surgeon per country was selected based on scientific output and active membership in the European Society for Diseases of the Esophagus or (inter)national upper GI committee. The questionnaire consisted of 51 structured questions on the structural organization of esophageal cancer surgery, surgical training, and clinical audit processes. Between October 2021 and October 2022, 16 surgeons from 16 European countries participated in this study. In 5 countries (31%), a volume threshold was present ranging from 10 to 26 annual esophagectomies, in 7 (44%) care was centralized in designated centers, and in 4 (25%) no centralizing regulations were present. The number of centers performing esophageal cancer surgery per country differed from 4 to 400, representing 0.5–4.9 centers per million inhabitants. In 4 countries (25%), esophageal cancer surgery was part of general surgical training and 8 (50%) reported the availability of upper GI surgery fellowships. A national audit for upper GI surgery was present in 8 (50%) countries. If available, all countries use the audit to monitor the quality of care. Substantial differences exist in the organization and centralization of esophageal cancer surgical care in Western Europe. The exchange of experience in the organizational aspects of care could further improve the results of esophageal cancer surgical care in Europe.
Mucosal impedance as a diagnostic tool for gastroesophageal reflux disease: an update for clinicians
Authors: Marshall-Webb Matthew , Myers Jennifer C , Watson David I , Bright Tim , Omari Taher I , Thompson Sarah K 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Mucosal impedance is a marker of esophageal mucosal integrity and a novel technique for assessing esophageal function and pathology. This article highlights its development and clinical application for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Barrett’s esophagus, and eosinophilic esophagitis. A narrative review of key publications describing the development and use of mucosal impedance in clinical practice was conducted. A low mean nocturnal baseline impedance (MNBI) has been shown to be an independent predictor of response to anti-reflux therapy. MNBI predicts medication-responsive heartburn better than distal esophageal acid exposure time. Patients with equivocal evidence of GERD using conventional methods, with a low MNBI, had an improvement in symptoms following the initiation of PPI therapy compared to those with a normal MNBI. A similar trend was seen in a post fundoplication cohort. Strong clinical utility for the use of mucosal impedance in assessing eosinophilic esophagitis has been repeatedly demonstrated; however, there is minimal direction for application in Barrett’s esophagus. The authors conclude that mucosal impedance has potential clinical utility for the assessment and diagnosis of GERD, particularly when conventional investigations have yielded equivocal results.
Clinical characteristics of patients with high extracellular volume fraction evaluated by cardiac computed tomography for coronary artery evaluation
Authors: Oguni Tetsuya , Takashio Seiji , Kuyama Naoto , Hirakawa Kyoko , Hanatani Shinsuke , Oike Fumi , Usuku Hiroki , Matsuzawa Yasushi , Kidoh Masafumi , Oda Seitaro , Yamamoto Eiichiro , Ueda Mitsuharu , Hirai Toshinori , Tsujita Kenichi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Aims
This study aims to evaluate the distribution of extracellular volume fraction detected via computed tomography, clinical characteristics of high extracellular volume fraction detected via computed tomography, and the rate of incidental detection of cardiac amyloidosis in patients undergoing cardiac computed tomography for coronary artery evaluation.

Methods and results
This study included 874 consecutive patients (mean age, 74.4 ± 7.1 years; men, 65%), comprising men aged ≥60 years and women aged ≥70 years, who had undergone cardiac computed tomography between January 2020 and September 2022. The mean extracellular volume fraction detected via computed tomography was 29.7 ± 5.2%, and 108 patients (12.4%) had an extracellular volume fraction detected via computed tomography of ≥35%. Older age (75.9 ± 8.2 years vs. 74.2 ± 6.9 years; P = 0.042), male sex (75.9% vs. 63.0%; P = 0.007), impaired left ventricular ejection fraction, increased high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T and B-type natriuretic peptide levels, and increased left ventricular thickness showed significant associations with an extracellular volume fraction detected via computed tomography of ≥35%. Cardiac amyloidosis was diagnosed incidentally in 15 patients based on an increase in extracellular volume fraction detected via computed tomography. The prevalence of cardiac amyloidosis was 1.7% (15/874) and 14.3% (15/105) in the entire study population and in patients with an extracellular volume fraction detected via computed tomography of ≥35%, respectively. An increase in the extracellular volume fraction detected via computed tomography was suggestive of cardiac amyloidosis.

Conclusion
Elevated extracellular volume fraction detected via computed tomography, associated with elevated cardiac biomarker levels and myocardial structural changes, may lead to the incidental diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis.
Predictive Capacity of the Integrated Care for Older People Screening Tool for Intrinsic Capacity Impairments: Results From the INSPIRE-T Cohort
Authors: Giudici Kelly Virecoulon , de Souto Barreto Philipe , Guyonnet Sophie , Beard John R , Takeda Catherine , Cantet Christelle , Andrieu Sandrine , Vellas Bruno ,   for the IHU HealthAge INSPIRE Platform Group, Guyonnet Sophie , Vellas Bruno , Brigitte Lauréane , Milhet Agathe , Paez Elodie , Muller Emeline , Le Floch Sabine , Takeda Catherine , Faisant Catherine , Lala Françoise , van Kan Gabor Abellan , Steinmeyer Zara , Piau Antoine , Macaron Tony , Angioni Davide , Ousset Pierre-Jean , Comté Mélanie , Daniaud Nathalie , Boissou-Parachaud Fanny , Andrieu Sandrine , Cantet Christelle , Rolland Yves , de Souto Barreto Philipe , Pillard Fabien , Faruch Marie , Payoux Pierre , Takeda Catherine , Tavassoli Neda , Dorard Marie , Razat Bénédicte , Champigny Camille , Guyonnet Sophie , Dray Cédric , Pradère Jean-Philippe , Parini Angelo , Santin Yohan , Langin Dominique , Gourdy Pierre , Martinez Laurent , Bouloumié Anne , Parini Angelo , Fazilleau Nicolas , Liblau Roland , Guéry Jean-Charles , Simon Michel , Gaudenzio Nicolas , Bostan Luciana , El Costa Hicham , Jabrane Ferrat Nabila , Valet Philippe , Dray Cedric , Ader Isabelle , Planat Valérie , Payoux Pierre , Peran Patrice , Delpierre Cyrille , Andrieu Sandrine , Rampon Claire , Davezac Noelie , Guiard Bruno , Vergnolles Nathalie , Motta Jean-Paul , Djelabi Sara , Floch Pauline , Sarry Jean-Emmanuel , Coley Nicola , Guyonnet Sophie , Andrieu Sandrine 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
The Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) approach was developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) aiming to shift the traditional focus of care based on diseases to a function- and person-centered approach, focused on maintaining and monitoring intrinsic capacity (IC). This study aimed to investigate the ability of the ICOPE screening tool to identify older people with clinically meaningful impairments in IC domains.

Methods
This cross-sectional analysis included 603 older adults, participants (mean age 74.7 [SD = 8.8] years, women 59.0%) of the INSPIRE Translational (INSPIRE-T) cohort. Responses at screening were compared to results of the subsequent in-depth assessment (ie, Mini-Mental State Examination, Mini Nutritional Assessment, Short Physical Performance Battery, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and clinical investigation of vision problems) to determine its predictive capacity for impairments at the IC domains (ie, cognition, psychological, sensory (vision), vitality, and locomotion).

Results
The ICOPE screening items provided very high sensitivity for identifying abnormality in vision (97.2%) and varied from 42.0% to 69.6% for the other domains. High specificity (&gt;70%) was observed for all the IC domains, except for vision (2.7%).

Conclusions
The ICOPE screening tool can be a useful instrument enabling the identification of older people with impairments in IC domains, but studies with different populations are needed. It should be considered as a low-cost and simple screening tool in clinical care.
Elevated Blood Homocysteine Increases the Risk of Incident Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome: A Two-Cohort Study
Authors: Cotton Kelly , Ayers Emmeline , Jin Ying , Beauchet Olivier , Derby Carol A , Lipton Richard B , Katz Mindy , Galery Kevin , Gaudreau Pierrette , Verghese Joe 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Motoric Cognitive Risk (MCR) syndrome, a predementia syndrome characterized by cognitive complaints and slow gait, may have an underlying vascular etiology. Elevated blood levels of homocysteine, a known vascular risk factor, have been linked to physical and cognitive decline in older adults, though the relationship with MCR is unknown. We aimed to identify the association between homocysteine and MCR risk.

Methods
We examined the association between baseline homocysteine levels and incident MCR using Cox proportional hazard models in 1826 community-dwelling older adults (55% women) from 2 cohorts (Einstein Aging Study [EAS] and Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Successful Aging [NuAge]). We calculated hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), for each cohort as well as stratified by sex and vascular disease/risk factors.

Results
Median follow-up time was 2.2 years in EAS and 3.0 years in NuAge. Individuals with elevated baseline homocysteine levels (&gt;14 µmol/L) had a significantly higher risk of incident MCR compared to those with normal levels in NuAge (HR 1.41, 95% CI: 1.01–1.97, p = .04), after adjusting for covariates. Our exploratory stratified analyses found that these associations were significant only in men with vascular disease/risk factors.

Conclusions
Higher blood homocysteine levels are associated with an increased risk of developing MCR in older adults, particularly in men with vascular disease or vascular risk factors.
Pathogenic variants in HGF give rise to childhood-to-late onset primary lymphoedema by loss of function
Authors: Alpaslan Murat , Fastré Elodie , Mestre Sandrine , van Haeringen Arie , Repetto Gabriela M , Keymolen Kathelijn , Boon Laurence M , Belva Florence , Giacalone Guido , Revencu Nicole , Sznajer Yves , Riches Katie , Keeley Vaughan , Mansour Sahar , Gordon Kristiana , Martin-Almedina Silvia , Dobbins Sara , Ostergaard Pia , Quere Isabelle , Brouillard Pascal , Vikkula Miikka 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Developmental and functional defects in the lymphatic system are responsible for primary lymphoedema (PL). PL is a chronic debilitating disease caused by increased accumulation of interstitial fluid, predisposing to inflammation, infections and fibrosis. There is no cure, only symptomatic treatment is available. Thirty-two genes or loci have been linked to PL, and another 22 are suggested, including Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF). We searched for HGF variants in 770 index patients from the Brussels PL cohort. We identified ten variants predicted to cause HGF loss-of-function (six nonsense, two frameshifts, and two splice-site changes; 1.3% of our cohort), and 14 missense variants predicted to be pathogenic in 17 families (2.21%). We studied co-segregation within families, mRNA stability for non-sense variants, and in vitro functional effects of the missense variants. Analyses of the mRNA of patient cells revealed degradation of the nonsense mutant allele. Reduced protein secretion was detected for nine of the 14 missense variants expressed in COS-7 cells. Stimulation of lymphatic endothelial cells with these 14 HGF variant proteins resulted in decreased activation of the downstream targets AKT and ERK1/2 for three of them. Clinically, HGF-associated PL was diverse, but predominantly bilateral in the lower limbs with onset varying from early childhood to adulthood. Finally, aggregation study in a second independent cohort underscored that rare likely pathogenic variants in HGF explain about 2% of PL. Therefore, HGF signalling seems crucial for lymphatic development and/or maintenance in human beings and HGF should be included in diagnostic genetic screens for PL.