bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nucleoside Chemistry at the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry – Looking Back on History
Authors: Krečmerová Marcela 
Published: June 2024

Nucleoside chemistry has been developing at the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry (IOCB) since 1957 thanks to the foresight of its first director František Šorm. This new area, targeted especially to oligonucleotide synthesis, earned soon an excellent reputation. At that time IOCB was one of only four institutions in the world successful in oligonucleotide synthesis. First successes in the field of chemically modified nucleosides were syntheses of 6-azauridine as antileukemic agent, 6‑azauridine triacetate investigated as antipsoriatic drug (Riboazauracil) and especially 5‑azacytosine nucleosides, i.e., 5-azacytidine and 2′-deoxy-5-azacytidine (decitabine) synthesized in early 1960s by Alois Pískala. Both compounds are antileukemic agents working on the epigenetic principle as inhibitors of DNA methylations. At present, they are clinically used for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes and other haematological malignancies, marketed under the names Vidaza® (5-azacytidine, approved 2004) and Dacogen® (5‑aza-2′-deoxycytidine, 2006). Remarkable synthetic achievements are connected with the personality of Antonín Holý including syntheses of ʟ-nucleosides or acyclic nucleoside analogues, compounds having a sugar furanose ring replaced by a (poly)hydroxylic carbon chain. Many of them were found effective antivirals. One of them, 9-(S)-[(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)]adenine entered to clinical practice as antiherpetic drug Duvira gel. However, it was the development of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (ANPs), first reported by Holý and De Clercq in 1986, that became a real milestone. During next three decades a number of biologically active ANPs were identified as antivirals, cytostatics, immunomodulators and antiparasitics. Three of them reached the stage of clinical practice as successful antivirals: cidofovir for the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS patients, tenofovir for the treatment and prevention of HIV (later approved also for the treatment of hepatitis B), and adefovir for the treatment of hepatitis B. Tenofovir in the form of prodrugs is mostly used as a part of several combined anti-HIV therapeutics containing various anti-HIV drugs in all-in-one pill and is currently the most successful anti-HIV drug available.
Who Was Thomas Midgley, Jr.
Authors: Holý Petr 
Published: June 2024

Thomas Midgley, Jr. (1889–1944) was an American scientist and inventor. During his lifetime, he became a highly respected figure. He is best known for his discoveries of tetraethyllead and CFCs. Only as late as in the end of the 20th century he began to be blamed for the extensive environmental damage these substances caused. The article tries to summarize the available data on all the circumstances of his research work and thus show to what extent he is responsible for their harmful effects on the environment.
Eropa dan Histiografi Islam
Authors: Muzammil Ahmad 
Published: June 2024

مستخلص البحث
الإسلام ، هو الدين الأسرع نموًا في أوروبا ، و قد ظهر الإسلام في تلك القارة منذ القرن الثامن. أسس المسلمون الحضارة الشهيرة في إسبانيا ثم تطوروا باتجاه جنوب شرق أوروبا. تم تسجيل تاريخ الحضارة الإسلامية في أوروبا منذ القرن السابع أو على وجه التحديد في عام 711 م. في ذلك الوقت، تحت قيادة طارق بن زياد، تمكنت القوات الإسلامية من غزو أوروبا لمئات السنين
مثل إسبانيا ، سقطت الأراضي الروسية أيضًا في أيدي المسلمين تحت حكم السلالة الأموية. تمكن القائد قتيبة بن مسلم من اختراق دفاعات روسيا خلال خلافة الوليد بن عبد الملك. بعد ذلك رحب كثير من الروس بدعوة الإسلام. ابتداء من عام 86-91هـ، كان الإسلام يسيطر على كل أراضي روسيا ، حتى نفوذها وصل إلى حدود الصين. حتى الآن ، عدد المسلمين في روسيا كبير جدًا. يقدر أن ما يصل إلى 18 في المائة من إجمالي السكان أو 25 مليون مواطن روسي هم من المسلمين
القرون السبعة التالية ، التي تزامنت مع 29 مايو 1453 م ، أشع الإسلام نوره في أجزاء أخرى من أوروبا ، على وجه التحديد عندما غزا السلطان محمد الفاتح مدينة القسطنطينية أو المعروفة باسم السلطان محمد الثاني ، وكان سلطان العثماني السابع. / أمر العثماني بين الأعوام 1444-1446 و1451-1481م مع فتح القسطنطينية وتغيير اسمها إلى اسطنبول ، تطور الإسلام بسرعة في أوروبا حتى اعتنق غالبية السكان الإسلام في البوسنة والهرسك وألبانيا وكوسوفو
اليوم يستمر الإسلام في النمو في أجزاء أخرى من أوروبا مثل فرنسا وإنجلترا وبلجيكا وهولندا وألمانيا وغيرها. أصبح تطور الإسلام في أوروبا من وقت لآخر موضوعًا مثيرًا للاهتمام للدراسة ، نظرًا للثغرات والتمييز ضد الإسلام في أجزاء أخرى من أوروبا ، وحتى المشاعر المفرطة تجاه الإسلام والتي تُعرف باسم الإسلاموفوبيا. تحاول هذه الورقة استكشاف تاريخ الإسلام وتطور الإسلام وتقدم الإسلام في أوروبا.

الكلمات المفتاحية: أوروبا ، علم الأنسجة ، الإسلام
Optimalisasi Kebijakan Penyediaan Ruang Laktasi Pada Puskesmas di Desa Wangkal Dusun Krajan Kecamatan Gading Kabupaten Probolinggo Menjadi Ruang Laktasi Syariah
Authors: Nauratil Jannah Ambar , I’tisoma Billah Zahida 
Published: June 2024

Laktasi adalah ruang yang disediakan khusus bagi perempuan yang sedang menyusui. Minimnya ruang laktasi atau ruang khusus menyusui di ruang publik membuat pemberian ASI eksklusif tidak dapat terwujud dengan baik.Salah satu bentuk dukungan yang dapat diberikan adalah dengan menyediakan ruang laktasi syari’ah. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini menggunakan metode atau langkah-langkah yang berbasis ABCD yaitu (Asset Bassed Community Development) yang mana didalamnya ada beberapa tahap seperti : tahapan Discovery (Proses pencarian yang mendalam tentang hal-hal positif, hal-hal terbaik yang pernah dicapai dimasa lalu). Kemudian ada tahap Dream yaitu dimana seseorang yang sudah melakukan tahap sebelumnya kemudian mulai membayangkan masa depan yang diharapkan. Selanjutnya ada tahapan Design yang mana seseorang yang sudah melakukan tahap sebelumnya kemudian mulai membuat Strategi,proses dan sistem, membuat keputusan dan mengembangkan kolaborasi yang mendukung terwujudnya perubahan yang diharapkan. Kemudian yang terakhir ada tahap destiny yang mana pada tahap ini setiap orang dalam organisasi mengimplementasikan berbagai hal yang sudah dirumuskan pada tahap design. Hasil dari PKM (pengabdian kepada masyarakat) ini adalah tercapainya kebijakan terkait pengusulan ruang laktasi yang terdapat di puskesmas yang bersifat syariah demi kemaslahatan masyarakat desa wangkal dusun Krajan kecamatan gading kabupaten Probolinggo ini yang mana kebijakan ini telah di setujui oleh pemerintah desa setempat dan tenaga kesehatan puskesmas desa wangkal bahkan semua pihak yang terkait.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Gading Wetan Dalam Pengembangan Wisata Kali Kembar (Kalbar) Berbasis Asset Based Community Development (ABCD)
Authors: Safira Berliana , Dwi Harzanah Novi , Sakdia Halimatus 
Published: June 2024

Desa Gading wetan merupakan salah satu desa yang dikembangkan menjadi desa wisata dengan basis wisata alam. Desa ini memiliki potensi sumber daya alam dan sumber daya manusia yang memadai untuk dapat mengembangkan wisata alam. Untuk itu program pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan untuk membantu masyarakat gading wetan dalam mendukung pengembangan wisata Kali kembar dan mengatasi persoalan sosial ekonomi melalui pengembangan wisata alam. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam program pemberdayaan ini adalah pendekatan model Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) dimana model pemberdayaaan ini mengutamakan pemanfaatan aset dan potensi yang ada di sekitar dan dimiliki oleh komunitas masyarakat itu sendiri. Partisipan program adalah kelompok masyarakat yang tergabung ke dalam Kelompok BUMDes dan karang taruna. Hasil dari penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa asset yang ada dalam pengembangan Desa Wisata yakni meliputi Aset manusia, Aset alam, dan Aset ekonomi. Proses dalam pelaksanaan program tersebut terbagi menjadi 5 (Lima) tahap, yakni Discovery (Pengkajian), Dream (Impian), Design (Prosedur), Define (Tujuan), Destiny (self determination). Proses pemberdayaan masyarakat membantu pengembangan wisata dari segi sarana dan prasarana wisata yang bertambah dan pengelolaan wisata oleh warga sekitar yang semakin baik sehingga terjadi penambahan jumlah pengunjung wisata sekaligus kesejahteraan ekonomi yang berlansung dengan stabil melalui kegiatan ekonomi yang terjadi di wisata Kalbar.
Digitalisasi pemasaran tempe krezz dalam menghadapi persaingan dagang selama pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Hamdiah Magfirotul 
Published: June 2024

Indonesia saat ini mengalami kondisi krisis atau bencana yang disebabkan oleh Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) yang menyebar luas hingga ke daerah Probolinggo. Berbagai kebijakan untuk mencegah penyebaran covid-19 justru berimplikasi buruk terhadap beberapa sektor lain khususnya pada sektor ekonomi. Dampak ini jelas juga dirasakan oleh pelaku usaha keripik tempe yang berada di Desa Sindetanyar Besuk, seperti tingkat penjualan menurun dan metode pemasaran yang masih terbatas secara langsung (luring). Adanya program PKM Universitas Islam Zainul Hasan Genggong bertujuan untuk mendampingi pelaku usaha tempe krezz di Desa Sindetanyar. Lebih spesifik, tujuan dari adanya kegiatan ini adalah memberikan edukasi dan pelatihan tentang proses produksi yang baik dan benar, pemasaran suatu produk secara digital, dan penyebaran beberapa platform digital. Metode yang digunakan pada kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRS) yang memungkinkan keterlibatan masyarakat dalam melaksanakan berbagai kegiatan, mulai dari observasi, pemberian sosialisasi tentang protokol kesehatan, sanitasi kerja dan proses produksi, pendampingan proses produksi, pendampingan pembuatan desain Pamflet, pembuatan akun media sosial hingga promosi dan pemasaran produk. Upaya yang telah dilakukan untuk mewujudkan digitalisasi pemasaran keripik tempe terwujud dengan terbentuknya akun instagram, whatsapp, tokopedia dan shopee sebagai media pemasaran digital. Masyarakat didorong untuk terus mengelola secara baik capaian kegiatan yang telah dilakukan demi terciptanya usaha yang berkelanjutan.
Gerakan kolaboratif masyarakat lereng gunung Bromo dengan mahasiswa KKN Unzah dalam memakmurkan masjid At-Taqwa
Authors: Ainol Ainol , Arisanti Kustiana 
Published: June 2024

Pendampingan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pemberdayaan masyarakat lereng Gunung Bromo dalam memakmurkan masjid At-Taqwa dari segi fisik maupun fsikis. Menggunakan pendekatan Asset Bassed Community Development (ABCD), pendampingan ini menyusuri 5 sikulus tahapan yaitu: inkulturasi, discovery, design, define, dan refeleksi. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari jama'ah Masjid At-Taqwa dan mahasiswa KKN Universitas Islam Zainul Hasan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi dan wawancara. Hasil pendampingan menunjukkan bahwa kolaborasi masyarakat lereng gunung Bromo bersama mahasiswa KKN UNZAH dapat meningkatakan kemakmuran masjid At-Taqwa dari fisik dan fsikis. Pase akhir pendampingan terbukti telah terpasang papan nama masjid, struktur takmir, jadwal imam masjid dan muadzin. Pada aspek fsikis telah terjadi spirit dan penambahan jemaah setiap shalat berjemaah, pembiasaan khotmil Qur’an sebelum fajar menyongsong, munajat dzikir senja serta menghidupkan kembali TPQ yang mati suri
Political and Social Commentary in Contemporary English Drama: Angels in America by Tony Kushner, the History Boys by Alan Bennett and the Crucible by Arthur Miller
Authors: Ali Shakir Hussein 
Published: June 2024

For centuries, dramatists have utilized the powerful aspect of theatre to offer perceptive analyses of societal happenings and, in the process, cause a lot of positive changes in man and his environment. This essay discusses this fact by citing Tony Kushner's Angels in America, Alan Bennett's The History Boys, Arthur Miller's The Crucible, and Tony Kushner's Angels in America, drawing upon Levinas and Benjamin's theories, Kushner's political play. This article shows how the three works examples of books about people, events, or society at large are provided by Tony Kushner's Angels in America, Alan Bennett's The History Boys, and Arthur Miller's The Crucible portray the social and political context in which they were written through symbolism, metaphor, and sometimes even a straightforward comparison. These three plays are forecasting because they are both allegories for the times they were written for and have a contemporary interpretation. Each of the three plays addresses a different aspect of society and politics while also addressing the human condition.
Development of a creative collaborative with critical experience learning model to improve technological pedagogical and content knowledge of preservice chemistry teachers
Authors: Mashuri Mohan Taufiq , Sutoyo Suyatno , Azizah Utiya 
Published: June 2024

Purpose: This research aims to produce a valid, practical and effective 3CEL learning model which is an abbreviation of creative collaborative with critical experience learning to improve the Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) of preservice chemistry teachers.
Design/Methodology/Approach: This is development research that was carried out in four main stages: 1) preliminary stage (literature and field study), 2) development stage (hypothetical model or prototype), 3) validation stage and 4) model implementation stage (final 3CEL model). The data collection techniques used in this research are validation, observation, test and questionnaires.
Findings: The final 3CEL learning model along with supporting learning tools and validated TPACK measurement instruments. The results of validation showed that the 3CEL learning model along with its supporting learning tools and TPACK measurement instruments were very valid and reliable. The results of the 3CEL learning model implementation in the experimental class and the control class proved that the 3CEL learning model was very effective in improving the TPACK abilities of preservice chemistry teachers.
Conclusion: This research produced a new learning model (3CEL) that is valid, practical and effective in improving the TPACK of preservice chemistry teachers. The syntax of the resulting 3CEL learning model consists of five phases: 1) orientation, 2) collaborative planning, 3) presenting, 4) simulation and 5) reflection based on critical experience.
Primary care medical brigades in the Parish of San Mateo in the province of Esmeraldas: a strategy for corporate social responsibility
Authors: Rueda Castillo Yajaira Marilin , Zúñiga Sosa Evelin Alexandra , Pérez Laborde Elena Johanna 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: the medical health care brigades are a strategy to address the health problems of communities from a perspective of social construction, in which people are recognized as subjects of rights and key actors in the process of building with solid foundations through the establishment of strategic alliances with companies committed to corporate social responsibility that allow the strengthening of governance processes to develop a culture of quality that promotes the sustained improvement of the provision of health services.
Method: this study has a cross-sectional and descriptive approach, from the registration of a database in Excel with the total number of attendances and anonymized data of the direct beneficiaries of the project.
Results: a total of 915 residents of the communities of Tabete, La Victoria, Timbre Commune, Tatica and Cantonal Seat of the San Mateo parish of the city and province of Esmeraldas benefited, achieving a total of 1059 visits in general or family medicine, obstetrics and dentistry, from which the 10 main morbidities of the beneficiaries were obtained, the most prevalent being intestinal parasitosis without other specification with 60 %. atopic dermatitis with 25 % and acute vaginitis with 21 %. Primary essential hypertension, acute rhinopharyngitis, type 2 diabetes mellitus with other specified complications, urinary tract infection of unspecified site, acute tonsillitis and other gastroenteritis and colitis of infectious origin account for less than 10 % each.
Conclusions: corporate social responsibility strategies through medical brigades are a mechanism to highlight and reaffirm the concept of improving health care gaps, which allows the participation of the community in health promotion and prevention and minimizes the occurrence of chronic non-communicable and communicable diseases and their sequelae
Effect of Friction Stir Processing Parameters on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloy AA6061-T6: Experimental and Statistical Study
Authors: Jlood Khaldoon K. , Abbass Muna K. , Hanoon Mahdi M. 
Published: June 2024

The current study investigates the effects of friction stir processing (FSP) parameters on the mechanical and microstructural characteristics of the alloy AA6061-T6. The FSP’s big-area stir zone is where the fine-equiaxed grains are created, and it was found that the size of the grain of every pass is homogenous there. The design of experiment (DOE) method has been used to identify the key variables affecting the final tensile strength. FSP was accomplished using threaded cylindrical pin profiles with three varying rotational speeds (930, 1100, and 1460 rpm) and various transverse speeds (23, 50, and 79), and the tilt angle of the tool was also set at 2°. The optimum FSP parameters were two passes at 1460 rpm and 79 mm/min with these values. It was found that the stir zone’s center has a greater microhardness value of 235 kg/mm2 at three passes and that this value decreased toward the thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ), HAZ, and base metal (107 kg/mm2). The result showed that the FSPed sample has a higher tensile strength at two passes than at one or three passes. Also, it was obtained from the ANOVA analysis results that travel speed is the most effective factor, giving 51,46 % of the contribution feature pursued by No. of Pass (22,56 %), followed by rotational speed (19,49 %)
The managerial skills in the game of roll ball: an indigenous game of India
Authors: Nathan Dr. Senthil K , Sumathi Dr.A. , Raaghav Tharun S 
Published: June 2024

Roll Ball is an indigenous game of India. Roll Ball is a dynamic game blending roller skates, basketball, handball, and throwball, played between two teams of twelve players. The objective is to score goals within a set timeframe. It allows ball handling with one or both hands, bouncing repeatedly. Invented by Raju Dabhade in 2003, it's governed by the International Roll Ball Federation, emphasizing balance, speed, accuracy, and teamwork. With six World Cup matches held, Roll Ball has garnered global attention and become a beloved sport among youth. In roll ball, referees have the authority to make decisions on the field, according to the rule of Roll Ball. The good or bad decision of a referee could change the result of the game. Refereeing is a very critical task. The role of referees and players on the field of play demonstrates many more managerial skills. Management is a term is meant not only for companies, but also for sports. This conceptual paper describes the managerial skills being utilized either knowingly or unknowingly by the players and referees
Faculty perception on digital transformation in education sector during pandemic
Authors: Sujendra Swami P. , Hareesh Kumar T. , Jahangir Y. 
Published: June 2024

The Corona learnt a lot of lessons to humans and also introduced sophisticated digital world to complete all the duties digitally. Employees are integral to the process of digital transformation, which is a great asset for established organizations. This research advances our knowledge of how workers in the education industry interpret the digital transition. The complexity of organizational change the primary focus of this research is digital transformation. Despite their broad support for digital transformation, teachers' perspectives vary over time about a variety of particular problems encountered along the employee change journey, according to the research. Adopting a social exchange lens in digital transformation knowledge is crucial because it represents a significant structural shift that might lead to the failure of well-designed transformation processes. This is where the stress, human values, and technological values come in. Sharing and departmental cooperation are implications for the education and service sectors. Common emotional responses to change are fear, uncertainty, and worry. Teachers might not be able to articulate how they are feelings or they may not want to say it to leadership. Over the last 200 years, the workplace has changed constantly due to new technology and more globalisation. Additionally, since analytical and creative tasks are becoming more and more important, flexibility is required. Productivity in these professions is supported by the availability of quiet places and adaptable spatial designs given that workers in these positions often need quiet and concentration
Is artificial intelligence really influencing the marketing strategies and consumer behaviour?
Authors: Latha R.S. , Chandran M. 
Published: June 2024

Purpose: the main aim of this research is to measure the influence of different components of artificial intelligence and marketing strategies pursued by the consumers. The research is to identify the impact of different components artificial intelligence on consumer behaviour. The sales forecasting method is found with this much successful through the technology and innovations of artificial intelligence in the marketing domain.
Design / Methodology: the comprehensive framework for evaluating the quality of website design was subsequently accompanied by the collection of data through a web-based survey. The researcher is able to obtain 452 responses which can be used for the main study research and used confirmatory factor analysis and linear multiple regression analysis.
Findings: it is found from the study that the artificial intelligence and its generated suggestions in the marketing Arena is found very much useful for both marketers as well as the consumers. As far as the marketers are concerned the artificial intelligence is very much useful for them to exactly measure and also to get a projective figure of their business turnover in volume. The sales forecasting method is found with this much successful through the technology and innovations of artificial intelligence in the marketing domain.
Practical Implications: this empirical study paved the way to identify and implement several marketing implications useful for the marketers as well as the consumers in different demographic background. It is suggested that the marketers should get a complete data in the form of profiling the consumers, demographic background and their purchase details and technological knowledge so that they can generate appropriate artificial intelligence solutions to attract the consumers and motivate them to make their next purchase within the short span of time.
Originality/Value: the artificial intelligence can also optimize the advertisement campaigns, preserving profile of consumers, quick communication to the consumers, clarity in the marketing approach and to take independent autonomous marketing decisions with respect to consumer behaviour