bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved biological methanation using tubular foam-bed reactor
Authors: Khesali Aghtaei Hoda , Heyer Robert , Reichl Udo , Benndorf Dirk 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Power-to-gas is the pivotal link between electricity and gas infrastructure, enabling the broader integration of renewable energy. Yet, enhancements are necessary for its full potential. In the biomethanation process, transferring H2 into the liquid phase is a rate-limiting step. To address this, we developed a novel tubular foam-bed reactor (TFBR) and investigated its performance at laboratory scale.

Results
A non-ionic polymeric surfactant (Pluronic® F-68) at 1.5% w/v was added to the TFBR’s culture medium to generate a stabilized liquid foam structure. This increased both the gas–liquid surface area and the bubble retention time. Within the tubing, cells predominantly traveled evenly suspended in the liquid phase or were entrapped in the thin liquid film of bubbles flowing inside the tube. Phase (I) of the experiment focused primarily on mesophilic (40 °C) operation of the tubular reactor, followed by phase (II), when Pluronic® F-68 was added. In phase (II), the TFBR exhibited 6.5-fold increase in biomethane production rate (MPR) to 15.1 $$({\text{L}}_{{\text{CH}}_{4}}\text{/}{\text{L}}_{\text{R}}\text{/d)}$$

(

L

CH
4

/L
R

/d)

, with a CH4 concentration exceeding 90% (grid quality), suggesting improved H2 transfer. Transitioning to phase (III) with continuous operation at 55 °C, the MPR reached 29.7 $${\text{L}}_{{\text{CH}}_{4}}\text{/}{\text{L}}_{\text{R}}\text{/d}$$

L

CH
4

/L
R

/d

while maintaining the grid quality CH4. Despite, reduced gas–liquid solubility and gas–liquid mass transfer at higher temperatures, the twofold increase in MPR compared to phase (II) might be attributed to other factors, i.e., higher metabolic activity of the methanogenic archaea.
To assess process robustness for phase (II) conditions, a partial H2 feeding regime (12 h 100% and 12 h 10% of the nominal feeding rate) was implemented. Results demonstrated a resilient MPR of approximately 14.8 $${\text{L}}_{{\text{CH}}_{4}}\text{/}{\text{L}}_{\text{R}}\text{/d}$$

L

CH
4

/L
R

/d

even with intermittent, low H2 concentration.

Conclusions
Overall, the TFBR’s performance plant sets the course for an accelerated introduction of biomethanation technology for the storage of volatile renewable energy. Robust process performance, even under H2 starvation, underscores its reliability. Further steps towards an optimum operation regime and scale-up should be initiated. Additionally, the use of TFBR systems should be considered for biotechnological processes in which gas–liquid mass transfer is a limiting factor for achieving higher reaction rates.
MiR-320 inhibits PRRSV replication by targeting PRRSV ORF6 and porcine CEBPB
Authors: Gao Xiaoxiao , You Xiangbin , Wang Guowei , Liu Mengtian , Ye Longlong , Meng Yufeng , Luo Gan , Xu Dequan , Liu Min 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPorcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), a highly contagious disease caused by Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), results in huge economic losses to the world pig industry. MiRNAs have been reported to be involved in regulation of viral infection. In our study, miR-320 was one of 21 common differentially expressed miRNAs of Meishan, Pietrain, and Landrace pig breeds at 9-h post-infection (hpi). Bioinformatics and experiments found that PRRSV replication was inhibited by miR-320 through directly targeting PRRSV ORF6. In addition, the expression of CCAAT enhancer binding protein beta (CEBPB) was also inhibited by miR-320 by targeting the 3ʹ UTR of CEBPB, which significantly promotes PRRSV replication. Intramuscular injection of pEGFP-N1-miR-320 verified that miR-320 significantly inhibited the replication of PRRSV and alleviated the symptoms caused by PRRSV in piglets. Taken together, miR-320 have significant roles in the infection and may be promising therapeutic target for PRRS.
Classical BSE dismissed as the cause of CWD in Norwegian red deer despite strain similarities between both prion agents
Authors: Marín-Moreno Alba , Benestad Sylvie L. , Barrio Tomas , Pirisinu Laura , Espinosa Juan Carlos , Tran Linh , Huor Alvina , Di Bari Michele Angelo , Eraña Hasier , Maddison Ben C. , D’Agostino Claudia , Fernández-Borges Natalia , Canoyra Sara , Jerez-Garrido Nuria , Castilla Joaquín , Spiropoulos John , Bishop Keith , Gough Kevin C. , Nonno Romolo , Våge Jorn , Andréoletti Olivier , Torres Juan María 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe first case of CWD in a Norwegian red deer was detected by a routine ELISA test and confirmed by western blotting and immunohistochemistry in the brain stem of the animal. Two different western blotting tests were conducted independently in two different laboratories, showing that the red deer glycoprofile was different from the Norwegian CWD reindeer and CWD moose and from North American CWD. The isolate showed nevertheless features similar to the classical BSE (BSE-C) strain. Furthermore, BSE-C could not be excluded based on the PrPSc immunohistochemistry staining in the brainstem and the absence of detectable PrPSc in the lymphoid tissues. Because of the known ability of BSE-C to cross species barriers as well as its zoonotic potential, the CWD red deer isolate was submitted to the EURL Strain Typing Expert Group (STEG) as a BSE-C suspect for further investigation. In addition, different strain typing in vivo and in vitro strategies aiming at identifying the BSE-C strain in the red deer isolate were performed independently in three research groups and BSE-C was not found in it. These results suggest that the Norwegian CWD red deer case was infected with a previously unknown CWD type and further investigation is needed to determine the characteristics of this potential new CWD strain.
Microbiota-derived 3-phenylpropionic acid promotes myotube hypertrophy by Foxo3/NAD+ signaling pathway
Authors: Li Penglin , Feng Xiaohua , Ma Zewei , Yuan Yexian , Jiang Hongfeng , Xu Guli , Zhu Yunlong , Yang Xue , Wang Yujun , Zhu Canjun , Wang Songbo , Gao Ping , Jiang Qingyan , Shu Gang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Gut microbiota and their metabolites play a regulatory role in skeletal muscle growth and development, which be known as gut-muscle axis. 3-phenylpropionic acid (3-PPA), a metabolite produced by colonic microorganisms from phenylalanine in the gut, presents in large quantities in the blood circulation. But few study revealed its function in skeletal muscle development.

Results
Here, we demonstrated the beneficial effects of 3-PPA on muscle mass increase and myotubes hypertrophy both in vivo and vitro. Further, we discovered the 3-PPA effectively inhibited protein degradation and promoted protein acetylation in C2C12 and chick embryo primary skeletal muscle myotubes. Mechanistically, we supported that 3-PPA reduced NAD+ synthesis and subsequently suppressed tricarboxylic acid cycle and the mRNA expression of SIRT1/3, thus promoting the acetylation of total protein and Foxo3. Moreover, 3-PPA may inhibit Foxo3 activity by directly binding.

Conclusions
This study firstly revealed the effect of 3-PPA on skeletal muscle growth and development, and newly discovered the interaction between 3-PPA and Foxo3/NAD+ which mechanically promote myotubes hypertrophy. These results expand new understanding for the regulation of gut microbiota metabolites on skeletal muscle growth and development.
Deep video-based person re-identification (Deep Vid-ReID): comprehensive survey
Authors: Saad Rana S. M. , Moussa Mona M. , Abdel-Kader Nemat S. , Farouk Hesham , Mashaly Samia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPerson re-identification (ReID) aims to find the person of interest across multiple non-overlapping cameras. It is considered an essential step for person tracking applications which is vital for surveillance. Person ReID could be investigated either using image-based or video-based. Video-based person ReID is considered more discriminating and realistic than image-based ReID due to the massive information extracted for each person. Different deep-learning techniques have been used for video-based ReID. In this survey, recently published articles are reviewed according to video-based ReID system pipeline: deep features learning, deep metric learning, and deep learning approaches. The deep feature learning approaches are categorized into spatial and temporal approaches, while deep metric learning is divided into metric and metric learning approaches. The deep learning approaches are differentiated into: supervised, unsupervised, weakly-supervised, and one-shot learning. A detailed analysis is held for the architectures of the state-of-the-art deep learning approaches. And their performance on four benchmark datasets is compared.
The adsorption effect of aquaculture residual feed on heavy metals and its impact on microbial metabolism of feed
Authors: Wang Sufeng , Wang Zijng , Zhang Wen , Li Jingshan , Lin Mingyang , Chen Li 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Intensive and large-scale aquaculture has a high biological density, and a large amount of artificial feed must be provided. As a result, residual feed would be discharged into natural water bodies with water exchange. Due to heavy metal pollution in surface water, residual feed may adsorb heavy metals in the water, affecting the subsequent microbial degradation of feed and the restoration of the water environment. The combined ecological impacts of these two types of pollution urgently need to be explored.

Results
This study explored the adsorption effect of residual feed on heavy metals and its impact on microbial degradation of residual feed. The results showed that both the insoluble component (mainly fiber, ash, and ether extract, abbreviated as FAE) and soluble component (soluble protein and starch) of the feed had adsorption effects on heavy metals. As the salinity increased, the adsorption capacity of Cu2+ and Cd2+ decreased, while the adsorption effect on Pb2+ was not changed significantly. The adsorption of heavy metals by residual feed could affect the biological degradation of residual feed. The residual feed could adsorb heavy metals and bacterial cells simultaneously, forming FAE-B(bacteria)-S(starch)-Pr(protein)-metal adsorption complex. This adsorption effect could reduce the negative impact of heavy metals on microbial degradation of residual feed. The simulated degradation experiments in actual water bodies also confirmed this. However, the accumulation of heavy metals in residual feed may bring negative effects, such as being consumed by aquatic organisms and entering the food chain.

Conclusions
The results of this study provide a basis for the collection and centralized treatment of residual feed in aquaculture, as well as the control and remediation of residual feed pollution in natural water bodies.

Graphical Abstract
Lithium-discontinuation-induced treatment refractoriness revisited
Authors: Kupka Ralph , Regeer Eline , van Bergen Annet , Tondo Leonardo , Bauer Michael 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Lithium is effective in the long-term treatment of bipolar disorder. Concerns have been raised about non-responsiveness after discontinuation and resuming previously effective lithium prophylaxis. We reviewed the available literature on this so-called lithium-discontinuation-induced treatment refractoriness (LDITR).

Results
We found 11 case reports and six cohort studies including 403 patients addressing LDITR, and one nation-wide register study providing some additional data on LDITR. Pooling all cohort studies, the percentages of non-responders during re-treatment with lithium ranged from 3.6 to 27.7%, with an average of 17.3%. Non-responsiveness was associated with longer duration of lithium treatment before discontinuation, longer duration of bipolar disorder before start of lithium, faster tapering off lithium, and longer duration of discontinuation.

Conclusions
There may be a subgroup in whom lithium discontinuation-induced treatment refractoriness exists. However, the vast majority of people respond when lithium is restarted. Moreover, it may be necessary to continue lithium beyond the first relapses to restore long-term prophylactic efficacy.
Risk factors of substance use treatment gaps among a nationally representative sample of black American adults in relation to sexual minority status and health insurance coverage
Authors: Rice Josiah K. , Anderson-Carpenter Kaston D. , Ellis Javon D. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Little research has investigated predictors of specialty substance use treatment gaps among Black adults. This study examined differential odds of experiencing self-reported, past-year treatment gaps among Black adults with respect to sexual minority status and health insurance coverage, accounting for social cofactors.

Method
This cross-sectional study comprised 36,098 Black Americans aged 18 and older who completed the 2015–2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) and provided responses for all selected survey items. Design-based multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine predictors of drug and alcohol treatment gaps.

Results
Sexual minority Black adults reported greater odds of experiencing treatment gaps to specialty treatment (i.e., inpatient hospital, inpatient/outpatient rehabilitation facility, or mental health center) compared to Black heterosexuals in adjusted models (Gay or lesbian: AOR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.39–2.89; Bisexual: AOR = 2.35, 95% CI = 1.77–3.12), with bisexual Black women experiencing the greatest odds (AOR = 3.10, 95% CI = 2.33–4.14). Black adults with no health insurance were significantly more likely to report substance use treatment gaps relative to their peers with health insurance coverage (AOR = 50, 95% CI = 1.26–1.78).

Conclusion
The results suggest a critical need for more investigations into patterns of specialty substance use treatment gaps within Black populations and for developing sexual identity-affirming mechanisms for closing the disparity gap, particularly for Black sexual minorities and those who lack health insurance coverage.
Application of 3D laser scanning technology for mapping and accuracy assessment of the point cloud model for the Great Achievement Palace heritage building
Authors: Liu Sha , Bin Mamat Mohd Jaki 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Heritage buildings represent history and act as vessels of human civilisation. The significance of these architectural phenomena increases as society increases, which renders their preservation and ethical use increasingly crucial. Hence, preserving heritage buildings is necessary for societal benefit. The accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) point cloud models of heritage buildings is important to their digital conservation. Traditional mapping methods typically require more time and human resources. Furthermore, the outcome is subject to measurement omissions, errors, and other issues, which are contrary to the protection of the object measured. The complex elements of ancient Chinese architecture render it challenging for traditional measuring techniques to accurately capture spatial structural information. The 3D laser scanning technology is a novel technology to obtain 3D data rapidly. In this paper, the Great Achievement Palace of the Confucian Temple in Yuci District, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province, was used as an example to examine the application of 3D laser scanning technology to acquire point cloud models of heritage buildings. Field data collection for architectural heritage using 3D laser scanning technology requires measuring station setting analysis to ensure effect accuracy while considering the elements of target location and quantity. For the 3D point cloud model of the Great Achievement Palace, error analysis and accuracy assessment were conducted on the quality elements of alignment accuracy between scanning stations, point cloud model reliability, point cloud data noise condition, and whether the point cloud data were stratified. The findings demonstrated that the improved method quickly and accurately acquired 3D point cloud model data and obtained realistic spatial data models of the heritage building.
Mechanism of vertical displacement beneath shallow compression zone in coastal area
Authors: Tran Duc-Huy , Wang Shih-Jung , Chen Jian-Yu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPrevious studies showed that there is a discrepancy between total subsidence (measured on the ground surface) and shallow compression (measured within several hundred meters beneath the ground surface) in Taiwan. This difference is referred to as deep displacement in this study. The variations of deep displacement are opposite to those of ground surface displacement and groundwater level within the depth of several hundred meters. The mechanism is unknown and requires further investigation. This study adopts two kinds of geodetic observation data and separates land subsidence into shallow compression and deep displacement to investigate the mechanism of deep displacement. A tectonically active coastal area in Taiwan is selected as the study area. The assessment results show that the associated variations are likely due to cyclic hydraulic loading and unloading. The variations of deep displacement are opposite to those of ground surface displacement. This study proposes that these variations are due to hydraulic expansion and contraction. The mechanism is demonstrated using a hydromechanical model. The results of a cross-correlation analysis show that hydraulic expansion and contraction occur at certain depths. The study results provide important information on the mechanism of deep displacement that can be used in tectonophysical and land subsidence investigations.
Graphical Abstract
A CT based radiomics analysis to predict the CN0 status of thyroid papillary carcinoma: a two- center study
Authors: Li Zongbao , Zhong Yifan , Lv Yan , Zheng Jianzhong , Hu Yu , Yang Yanyan , Li Yunxi , Sun Meng , Liu Siqian , Guo Yan , Zhang Mengchao , Zhou Le 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To develop and validate radiomics model based on computed tomography (CT) for preoperative prediction of CN0 status in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).

Methods
A total of 548 pathologically confirmed LNs (243 non-metastatic and 305 metastatic) two distinct hospitals were retrospectively assessed. A total of 396 radiomics features were extracted from arterial-phase CT images, where the strongest features containing the most predictive potential were further selected using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression method. Delong test was used to compare the AUC values of training set, test sets and cN0 group.

Results
The Rad-score showed good discriminating performance with Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) of 0.917(95% CI, 0.884 to 0.950), 0.892 (95% CI, 0.833 to 0.950) and 0.921 (95% CI, 868 to 0.973) in the training, internal validation cohort and external validation cohort, respectively. The test group of CN0 with a AUC of 0.892 (95% CI, 0.805 to 0.979). The accuracy was 85.4% (sensitivity = 81.3%; specificity = 88.9%) in the training cohort, 82.9% (sensitivity = 79.0%; specificity = 88.7%) in the internal validation cohort, 85.4% (sensitivity = 89.7%; specificity = 83.8%) in the external validation cohort, 86.7% (sensitivity = 83.8%; specificity = 91.3%) in the CN0 test group.The calibration curve demonstrated a significant Rad-score (P-value in H-L test > 0.05). The decision curve analysis indicated that the rad-score was clinically useful.

Conclusions
Radiomics has shown great diagnostic potential to preoperatively predict the status of cN0 in PTC.
Uncoupled: investigating the lack of correlation between the transcription of putative plastic-degrading genes in the global ocean microbiome and marine plastic pollution
Authors: Gambarini Victor , Drost Cornelis J. , Kingsbury Joanne M. , Weaver Louise , Pantos Olga , Handley Kim M. , Lear Gavin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Plastic pollution is a severe threat to marine ecosystems. While some microbial enzymes can degrade certain plastics, the ability of the global ocean microbiome to break down diverse environmental plastics remains limited. We employed metatranscriptomic data from an international ocean survey to explore global and regional patterns in microbial plastic degradation potential.

Results
On a global oceanic scale, we found no significant correlation between levels of plastic pollution and the expression of genes encoding enzymes putatively identified as capable of plastic degradation. Even when looking at different regional scales, ocean depth layers, or plastic types, we found no strong or even moderate correlation between plastic pollution and relative abundances of transcripts for enzymes with presumed plastic biodegradation potential. Our data, however, indicate that microorganisms in the Southern Ocean show a higher potential for plastic degradation, making them more appealing candidates for bioprospecting novel plastic-degrading enzymes.

Conclusion
Our research contributes to understanding the complex global relationship between plastic pollution and microbial plastic degradation potential. We reveal that the transcription of putative plastic-degrading genes in the global ocean microbiome does not correlate to marine plastic pollution, highlighting the ongoing danger that plastic poses to marine environments threatened by plastic pollution.
Promoting equality, diversity and inclusion in research and funding: reflections from a digital manufacturing research network
Authors: Fisher Oliver J. , Fearnshaw Debra , Watson Nicholas J. , Green Peter , Charnley Fiona , McFarlane Duncan , Sharples Sarah 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Equal, diverse, and inclusive teams lead to higher productivity, creativity, and greater problem-solving ability resulting in more impactful research. However, there is a gap between equality, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) research and practices to create an inclusive research culture. Research networks are vital to the research ecosystem, creating valuable opportunities for researchers to develop their partnerships with both academics and industrialists, progress their careers, and enable new areas of scientific discovery. A feature of a network is the provision of funding to support feasibility studies – an opportunity to develop new concepts or ideas, as well as to ‘fail fast’ in a supportive environment. The work of networks can address inequalities through equitable allocation of funding and proactive consideration of inclusion in all of their activities.

Methods
This study proposes a strategy to embed EDI within research network activities and funding review processes. This paper evaluates 21 planned mitigations introduced to address known inequalities within research events and how funding is awarded. EDI data were collected from researchers engaging in a digital manufacturing network activities and funding calls to measure the impact of the proposed method.

Results
Quantitative analysis indicates that the network’s approach was successful in creating a more ethnically diverse network, engaging with early career researchers, and supporting researchers with care responsibilities. However, more work is required to create a gender balance across the network activities and ensure the representation of academics who declare a disability. Preliminary findings suggest the network’s anonymous funding review process has helped address inequalities in funding award rates for women and those with care responsibilities, more data are required to validate these observations and understand the impact of different interventions individually and in combination.

Conclusions
In summary, this study offers compelling evidence regarding the efficacy of a research network's approach in advancing EDI within research and funding. The network hopes that these findings will inform broader efforts to promote EDI in research and funding and that researchers, funders, and other stakeholders will be encouraged to adopt evidence-based strategies for advancing this important goal.