bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collision Type and Player Anticipation Affect Head Impact Severity Among Youth Ice Hockey Players
Authors: Mihalik Jason P. , Blackburn J. Troy , Greenwald Richard M. , Cantu Robert C. , Marshall Stephen W. , Guskiewicz Kevin M. 
Published: May 2010

OBJECTIVE:
The objective was to determine how body collision type and player anticipation affected the severity of head impacts sustained by young athletes. For anticipated collisions, we sought to evaluate different body position descriptors during delivery and receipt of body collisions and their effects on head impact severity. We hypothesized that head impact biomechanical features would be more severe in unanticipated collisions and open-ice collisions, compared with anticipated collisions and collisions along the playing boards, respectively.

METHODS:
Sixteen ice hockey players (age: 14.0 ± 0.5 years) wore instrumented helmets from which biomechanical measures (ie, linear acceleration, rotational acceleration, and severity profile) associated with head impacts were computed. Body collisions observed in video footage captured over a 54-game season were evaluated for collision type (open ice versus along the playing boards), level of anticipation (anticipated versus unanticipated), and relative body positioning by using a new tool developed for this purpose.

RESULTS:
Open-ice collisions resulted in greater head linear (P = .036) and rotational (P = .003) accelerations, compared with collisions along the playing boards. Anticipated collisions tended to result in less-severe head impacts than unanticipated collisions, especially for medium-intensity impacts (50th to 75th percentiles of severity scores).

CONCLUSION:
Our data underscore the need to provide players with the necessary technical skills to heighten their awareness of imminent collisions and to mitigate the severity of head impacts in this sport.
Antibiotic Management of Staphylococcus aureus Infections in US Children's Hospitals, 1999–2008
Authors: Herigon Joshua C. , Hersh Adam L. , Gerber Jeffrey S. , Zaoutis Theoklis E. , Newland Jason G. 
Published: May 2010

OBJECTIVES:
The objective of this study was to describe trends in antibiotic management for Staphylococcus aureus infections among hospitalized children from 1999 to 2008.

METHODS:
A retrospective study was conducted by using the Pediatric Health Information Systems database to describe antibiotic treatment of inpatients with S aureus infection at 25 children's hospitals in the United States. Patients who were admitted from 1999 to 2008 with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes for S aureus infection were included. Trends in the use of vancomycin, clindamycin, linezolid, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, cefazolin, and oxacillin/nafcillin were examined for percentage use and days of therapy per 1000 patient-days.

RESULTS:
A total of 64813 patients had a discharge diagnosis for S aureus infection. The incidence of methicillin-resistant S aureus (MRSA) infections during this period increased 10-fold, from 2 to 21 cases per 1000 admissions, whereas the methicillin-susceptible S aureus infection rate remained stable. Among patients with S aureus infections, antibiotics that treat MRSA increased from 52% to 79% of cases, whereas those that treat only methicillin-susceptible S aureus declined from 66% to &lt;30% of cases. Clindamycin showed the greatest increase, from 21% in 1999 to 63% in 2008. Similar trends were observed by using days of therapy per 1000 patient-days.

CONCLUSIONS:
Antibiotic prescribing patterns for the treatment of S aureus infections have changed significantly during the past decade, reflecting the emergence of community-associated MRSA. Clindamycin is now the most commonly prescribed antibiotic for S aureus infections among hospitalized children. The substantial use of clindamycin emphasizes the importance of continuous monitoring of local S aureus susceptibility patterns.
Update on Paraneoplastic Neurologic Disorders
Authors: Rosenfeld Myrna R. , Dalmau Josep 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Identify the symptoms of paraneoplastic neurologic disorders (PNDs) and, when appropriate, include PNDs in the differential diagnosis when evaluating patients with systemic cancers.Describe the relationship of paraneoplastic antibodies and specific syndromes, where present, and their use in diagnosis of PND.
CME This article is available for continuing medical education credit at CME.TheOncologist.com
When patients with cancer develop neurologic symptoms, common causes include metastasis, infections, coagulopathy, metabolic or nutritional disturbances, and neurotoxicity from treatments. A thorough clinical history, temporal association with cancer therapies, and results of ancillary tests usually reveal one of these mechanisms as the etiology. When no etiology is identified, the diagnosis considered is often that of a paraneoplastic neurologic disorder (PND). With the recognition that PNDs are more frequent than previously thought, the availability of diagnostic tests, and the fact that, for some PNDs, treatment helps, PNDs should no longer be considered diagnostic zebras, and when appropriate should be included in the differential diagnosis early in the evaluation.
Understanding Micrometastatic Disease and Anoikis Resistance in Ewing Family of Tumors and Osteosarcoma
Authors: Strauss Sandra J. , Ng Tony , Mendoza-Naranjo Ariadna , Whelan Jeremy , Sorensen Poul H.B. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Explain the importance of resistance to anoikis in the development of metastases.Describe the mechanisms of anoikis resistance in EFTs and osteosarcoma and their potential use in development of new therapies.
CME This article is available for continuing medical education credit at CME.TheOncologist.com
Detection of micrometastatic tumor cells in the bone marrow or peripheral blood of patients with Ewing family of tumors (EFTs) and osteosarcoma has been shown to correlate with poor outcome. Although one of the aims of chemotherapy is eradication of micrometastatic disease, these cells vary phenotypically from primary tumor cells and appear to be more resistant to chemotherapy. As a barrier to metastasis, cells normally undergo a form of cell death termed anoikis after they lose contact with the extracellular matrix or neighboring cells. Tumor cells that acquire malignant potential have developed mechanisms to resist anoikis and thereby survive after detachment from their primary site and while traveling through the circulation. Investigating mechanisms of resistance to anoikis, therefore, provides a valuable model to investigate regulation of micrometastatic disease. This review focuses on the current understanding of the mechanisms involved in mediating cell survival and resistance to anoikis in EFTs and osteosarcoma and discusses future studies that may help to identify novel therapeutics targeted at micrometastatic disease.
Distribution and Ecology of Alchemilla Species in Osogovo Mt. and West Balkan Mt. In Bulgaria
Authors: Gavrilova Anna , Vitkova Antonina 
Published: May 2010

Distribution and Ecology ofAlchemillaSpecies in Osogovo Mt. and West Balkan Mt. In BulgariaThe present study aims to determine some common species of genusAlchemilla(Rosaceae) in Osogovo Mt. and West Balkan Mt. in Bulgaria. The ecological conditions in seven habitat types according to EUNIS with detected presence ofAlchemillaspecies are compared. According to this classification, the habitats that were found belong to six general types: Transition mires and quaking bogs (D 2.3), Mountain hay meadows (E 2.3), Moist or wet eutrophic and mesotrophic grassland (E 3.4), Acid alpine and subalpine grassland (E 4.3), Subalpine moist or wet tall-herb and fern stands (E 5.5), Evergreen alpine and subalpine heath and scrub (F 2.2). Seven species were reported in the investigated regions:A. crinitaBuser,A. erythropodaJuz.,A. flabellataBuser,A. glabraNeygenf.,A. glaucescensWallr.,A. monticolaOpiz andA. viridifloraRothm. In the paper are submitted some new reports for the presence ofA. crinita, A. erythropodaandA. glabrain the investigated areas. Some preliminary results concerning the resources of the examined species are obtained.
Phytosociological Study of Beech and Beech-Mixed Woods in Monti Sibillini National Park (Central Apennines, Italy)
Authors: Catorci Andrea , Vitanzi Alessandra , Ballelli Sandro 
Published: May 2010

Phytosociological Study of Beech and Beech-Mixed Woods in Monti Sibillini National Park (Central Apennines, Italy)The results of a phytosociological survey of the woods mainly growing on limestones in the Southern part of the Marches Region (Central Italy), that is part of the Monti Sibillini National Park, are here presented. This area is characterized by a temperate climate (upper mesotemperate and lower/upper supratemperate bioclimatic belts). In order to study the vegetation, 173 phytosociological relevés were carried out through the Braun-Blanquet methodology. All the data obtained were submitted to multivariate analysis. The phytosociological analysis is characterized in nine associations, whereof three are of new description (Lathyro veneti-Fagetum sylvaticae hieracietosum murorum, Cardamino kitaibelii-Fagetum sylvaticae corallorhizetosum trifidaeandCardamino kitaibelii-Fagetum sylvaticae anemonetosum nemorosae).
Formation of Direct Surface Relief in Photochrome-Chalcogenide Composites
Authors: Gerbreders A. , Teteris J. 
Published: May 2010

Formation of Direct Surface Relief in Photochrome-Chalcogenide CompositesA method for preparation of thin triple composite films of organic polymer-chalcogenide-photochromes is described, the photo-induced changes of optical properties and holographic recording are considered. The films were obtained from solutions of arsenic sulphide, azobenzene Disperse Red 1, spiropyran, and organic polymers in organic solvents. The solutions were spread over glass or quartz substrates; the thickness of dry films was 3-10 μm. The absorption spectra of the prepared films were studied and analyzed. The holographic recording of diffraction gratings was performed by laser lines of 325 nm, 442 nm and 532 nm. During recording the diffraction efficiency was measured simultaneously in the transmission and reflection modes. The relief formation on the film surface was observed and the profile of the gratings formed was analyzed using AFM microscope. The influence of photoisomerization and photo-induced mass transport on the surface relief formation process is discussed.
A Bacterial Hydrogen Production Test System for Measuring H2 Concentrations in Liquids and Gases
Authors: Klepere I. , Muiznieks I. , Kleperis J. 
Published: May 2010

A Bacterial Hydrogen Production Test System for Measuring H2Concentrations in Liquids and GasesThe hydrogen production by biological processes using fermentative micro-organisms is an environment-friendly way for storage and use of energy. A laboratory-scale model of the fermentation system was developed and tested, which allows studying the kinetics of hydrogen production by a standardEscherichia coliMSCL (Microbial Strain Collection of Latvia) strain 332 used as indicator at the sanitary analyses of water. In this work, we compared the hydrogen concentrations in liquid (the cultivation media) and gaseous environments. During the anaerobic growth ofE. coliMSCL332 bacteria in glucose-containing media a hydrogen over-saturation in the liquid phase was observed. The maximum of dissolved hydrogen concentration (2481 μmol/l) was reached by the fourth hour of fermentation, while for gaseous phase the mass-spectrometric analysis showed that hydrogen of the highest concentration occupied only 0.4% volume.
Dynamics of Autumn Migration of the Acrocephalus Warblers Through the Polish Baltic Coast
Authors: Kozłowska Anna , Stępniewska Katarzyna , Stępniewski Krzysztof , Busse Przemysław 
Published: May 2010

Dynamics of Autumn Migration of the Acrocephalus Warblers Through the Polish Baltic Coast
We analyse in our paper the autumn migration of five warblers: i.e. the Reed Warbler (Acrocephalus scirpaceus), Sedge Warbler (A. schoenobaenus), Marsh Warbler (A. palustris), Great Reed Warbler (A. arundinaceus) and Aquatic Warbler (A. paludicola), through the Polish Baltic coast. Data were collected in 1962-2005 at two stations: Bukowo-Kopań and Mierzeja Wiślana, as well as (for a comparison) at the Drużno station in 1990-2002 and 2003-2005. The most numerous species caught at all the stations was the Reed Warbler, whereas the Aquatic Warbler was caught only sporadically. Long-term number dynamics from Bukowo-Kopań and Mierzeja Wiślana showed considerable fluctuations for the first four species, which could have been influenced by weather or habitat changes, or they could have reflected long-term population cycles. Strong correlations between the numbers of species preferring reeds might indicate habitat basis of the fluctuations. Seasonal migration dynamics were also similar, with the peak of migration in mid-August. However, the dynamics from Drużno suggested that the real peak of migration occurred earlier. Median dates of the Reed Warbler migration at Bukowo-Kopań showed marked fluctuations, whereas at Mierzeja Wiślana they were delayed significantly; these changes were probably connected with climate changes.
Wintering Range of the Blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla) in Europe - Stabilized or Changing?
Authors: Mokwa Katarzyna 
Published: May 2010

Wintering Range of the Blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla) in Europe - Stabilized or Changing?
So far the expansion of the Blackcap wintering range could not have been confirmed based on the analysis of ringing recovery data. The aims of this work was to define present boundaries of regular wintering area of the Blackcap in Europe and to find out whether the wintering range of the species has expanded over the last decades. A comparison of the Blackcap return rate in different parts of wintering area in subsequent winters was based on the probability distribution analysis. Dates of the Blackcap recoveries in different areas were also compared. Changes in number of winter recoveries from Great Britain as well as from regions to the north and south of the delimited northern boundary of the species regular wintering area were analysed as well.
Blackcaps ringed in winter in Scandinavia did not return to this area in the following winters. Percent share of such individuals in Central-Western Europe was low. Birds were recorded in these regions mainly at the beginning of winter. The Blackcap return rate both in Great Britain and in southern Europe was very high; birds were observed there throughout the whole winter. Over the last decades of the XXth century the numbers of winter recoveries grew to a similar extent in the areas located to the north and south of the northern boundary of the Blackcap regular wintering area. Only in Great Britain this increase was faster. Based on the ringing recovery data analysis it can only be concluded that the regular wintering area of the Blackcap in Europe is most probably limited to the territories of the Mediterranean Sea basin. Most winter recoveries from other parts of Europe are probably only unsuccessful wintering attempts.
Migrations and Wintering of the Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) in Poland
Authors: Śliwa Paweł , Mokwa Katarzyna , Rejt Łukasz 
Published: May 2010

Migrations and Wintering of the Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) in Poland
In Poland, the Kestrel is an uncommon bird during the winter time. It rarely winters in the eastern part of the country; however, the reported numbers of regular wintering cases increase towards the south-west. The aims of this study were: to analyse the wintering area of Kestrels nesting in Poland, to compare distances covered by the birds migrating for the first time in their life to their movements in the following years, and to determine the origin of Kestrels wintering in Poland. The material for the analysis comprised 171 recoveries of the birds ringed in Poland or recorded in Poland but ringed abroad within the years 1931-2001. Out of 48 adult Kestrels ringed or recovered during both migration periods (autumn and spring), the great majority were recorded in Poland; only 2 birds were found as adult ones in France and 1 in Ukraine. We obtained 32 recoveries of Kestrels ringed in Poland as chicks or as individuals in their first year of life and recorded again during their first migration season (autumn-spring). Five of them were recorded outside the country. In Poland, there were reported 94 Kestrels that had been ringed abroad. Those birds came from Finland, Sweden, Norway, Germany, Denmark, Slovakia, the Czech Republic and Ukraine. These data show that mainly Kestrels nesting in the north of the continent migrate across Poland and some of them winter here as well. A great majority of recoveries referred to Kestrels ringed in Finland. These birds also came to Poland from Germany and from the areas located to the south-west of Poland.
Any change in the Methodology of field studies on bird Migration? A comparison of methods used in 1994-2003 and a Quarter Century earlier
Authors: Nowakowski Jarosław , Chruściel Jacek , Ginter Małgorzata , Rosińska Katarzyna 
Published: May 2010

Any change in the Methodology of field studies on bird Migration? A comparison of methods used in 1994-2003 and a Quarter Century earlier
The holistic approach to the study of bird migration observed in the past decades and the huge advancement in technology should be seen in the numbers and types of methods used in field studies for this phenomenon. To check this assumption, we compared field methods used in the studies on bird migration published in international journals in 1994-2003 (N = 570 papers) and in 1967-1976 (N = 394 papers). We noted an increase in the mean number of methods per a single paper (from 1.49 in the former of these decades to 1.98 in the latter) and a change in the frequency of each method. In recent years, methods such as satellite telemetry, DNA or isotope proportions analyses have been developed. An increase in the mean number of methods as well as changes of the most frequently used methods were more apparent in journals indexed on the ISI Master Journal List in 2003 than in other current journals, where the methods were often found to be similar to those applied a quarter century earlier, which surprised us.
Orobanche bartlingii Griseb. (Orobanchaceae) in Poland: taxonomical position, distribution and habitat requirements
Authors: Piwowarczyk Renata , Nobis Marcin , Przemyski Alojzy 
Published: May 2010

Orobanche bartlingii Griseb. (Orobanchaceae) in Poland: taxonomical position, distribution and habitat requirements
The paper presents current distribution of Orobanche bartlingii Griseb. in Poland, including the new localities which were found in Podzamcze (Kraków-Częstochowa Upland) and Cząstków Stary (Kielce Upland). Taxonomical position as well as some diagnostic features that differ O. bartlingii from O. alsatica are presented. Habitat requirements and plant communities in which the species was recorded are discussed.
Aesthetic aspects of plant communities of ruderal urban sites in Szczecin
Authors: Kazimierska Natalia , Szymura Magdalena , Wolski Karol 
Published: May 2010

Aesthetic aspects of plant communities of ruderal urban sites in Szczecin
Synanthropization of plant cover, connected with urban development, contributes to the appearance of specialized ruderal plant communities, adapted to habitats exposed to human influence. A lot of published data have focused on urban flora, but the aesthetic aspect of perennial and temporary plant communities at urban sites has been frequently omitted. Currently the practical use of such plant communities is limited by the lack of descriptive information available. In this study great attention has been paid to variability of urban communities, defined by: aesthetic aspects, flowering period, and colour variability in flowering communities. In Szczecin, Artemisio-Tanacetetum vulgaris, Calamagrostietum epigeji, Dauco-Picridetum hieracioidis, and Rudbeckio-Solidaginetum have been recognized as especially decorative. They could be used to reduce the costs of establishing and maintaining urban green areas.
Significance of protection of the meadow and grassland communities for maintenance the floristic diversity in the area of the south-eastern Silesian Upland (Poland)
Authors: Babczyńska-Sendek Beata 
Published: May 2010

Significance of protection of the meadow and grassland communities for maintenance the floristic diversity in the area of the south-eastern Silesian Upland (Poland)
Variety of relief and geology of the south-eastern Silesian Upland results in richness and diversity of its vegetation. Wet meadows and xerothermic grasslands are one of its most valuable components. In their phytocoenoses many protected (27 in meadows and 22 in grasslands) and rare (25 and 34) species have been noted. Among them there are threatened species put on the "Red list of the vascular plants in Poland". A few species represent the mountain element. Some meadow and grassland phytocoenoses from the south-eastern part of the Silesian Upland are characterised by exceptionally high floristic richness. The Cirsietum rivularis patches have proved to be the richest among them. Large-scale cessation of usage caused that meadows and grasslands actually need urgent active protection here. This is the only chance of survival for many rare protected and threatened plants.
Protected plant species of forest, lakes and peatbogs in the Western Part of the Drawskie Lakeland
Authors: Umiastowska Marta , Ciaciura Marian 
Published: May 2010

Protected plant species of forest, lakes and peatbogs in the Western Part of the Drawskie Lakeland
A floristic study of forest communities, lakes, and peatbogs of the western part of the Drawskie Lakeland was carried out in 2006-2008. The study revealed the presence of numerous valuable plant species. More than 400 floristic lists were compiled. Plant surveys were conducted with the aid of the ATPOL square grid system. To increase the accuracy of the surveys, the basic ATPOL squares (10x10 km) were additionally subdivided into smaller ones of 1x1 km. The area of study was found to support 416 plant species, including protected ones: 17 species strictly protected (e.g., Blechnum spicant, Dactylorhiza incarnata, Drosera rotundifolia, Lycopodium annotinum, Utricularia intermedia) and 12 under partial protection (e.g., Frangula alnus, Menyanthes trifoliata, Ononis spinosa, Ribes nigrum, Viburnum opulus). The list of protected plants contains one species (Lobelia dortmanna) included in the Polish Red Book of Plants.