bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adverse events in 50 cats with allergic dermatitis receiving ciclosporin
Authors: Heinrich Nicole A. , McKeever Patrick J. , Eisenschenk Melissa C. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractCiclosporin is an immunosuppressive drug that has been used to treat allergies and other immune‐mediated diseases in cats, dogs and humans. Information about the adverse effects of ciclosporin in cats has been limited to smaller studies and case reports. Adverse effects in dogs are mainly gastrointestinal in nature, but humans can also experience hypertension and altered renal function. The aim of this retrospective case series study was to document the occurrence and clinical appearance of adverse events in cats receiving ciclosporin to treat allergic skin disease. The medical records of 50 cats with allergic dermatitis treated with oral ciclosporin (1.9–7.3 mg/kg/day) were reviewed. Adverse events occurred in 66% (33 cats). Adverse events likely to be associated with ciclosporin included the following: vomiting or diarrhoea within 1–8 weeks of receiving ciclosporin (24%), weight loss (16%), anorexia and subsequent hepatic lipidosis (2%) and gingival hyperplasia (2%). Other adverse events less likely to be associated with ciclosporin therapy included the following: weight gain (14%), dental tartar and gingivitis (10%), otitis (4%), chronic diarrhoea (4%), inflammatory bowel disease with indolent gastrointestinal lymphoma (2%), urinary tract infection (2%), cataract (2%), elevated liver enzymes (2%), hyperthyroidism and renal failure (2%) and transient inappropriate urination (2%). Some cats experienced multiple adverse events. Case–control studies are needed to prove cause and effect of ciclosporin with regard to these adverse events.
Comparison of point‐of‐care testing (POCT): i‐STAT® international normalized ratio (INR) vs reference laboratory INR in pediatric patients undergoing major surgery
Authors: Spielmann Nelly , Mauch Jacqueline Y. , Madjdpour Caveh , Schmugge Markus , Albisetti Manuela , Weiss Markus , Haas Thorsten 
Published: May 2011

SummaryBackground:  The aim of the study was to compare international normalized ratio (INR) results obtained by point‐of‐care testing (i‐STAT® device) with the reference laboratory INR in children undergoing major surgery with expected significant blood loss.Methods:  Pediatric patients undergoing craniofacial, spine, hip, or cancer surgery were included. Blood samples for coagulation testing were tested at several intraoperative time points and generally withdrawn from the arterial catheter, if accessible. A volume of 1.4 ml citrated blood was used for the reference laboratory INR test, and 0.1 ml of blood was taken for the whole blood INR test using the i‐STAT® device. Blood samples for both tests were withdrawn at the same time and immediately analyzed with both devices.Results:  A total of 169 paired blood samples were taken intraoperatively from 44 pediatric patients [IQR 0.9–10.7 years (median 3.3)]. Reference laboratory INR ranged from 0.96 to 3.43 (mean 1.40; sd 0.32) and INR of i‐STAT® from 0.95 to 2.29 (mean 1.26; sd 0.22). The correlation coefficient was 0.83 (P < 0.001), and the bias values were 0.12 and 0.55 at the medical decision level of ≤2.0 and >2.0, respectively.Conclusions:  In the perioperative setting, point‐of‐care INR testing in children using the i‐STAT® device is a reliable and easy‐to‐handle method for INR values ≤2.0, while INR values >2.0 might be underestimated.
Reducing harm from injecting pharmaceutical tablet or capsule material by injecting drug users
Authors: ROUX PERRINE , CARRIERI M. PATRIZIA , KEIJZER LENNEKE , DASGUPTA NABARUN 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackground. It has long been known that drug users may use a variety of pharmaceutical preparations by injection, many of which are not intended for intravenous administration (e.g. buprenorphine, methylphenidate, oxycodone). The introduction of tablet fillers such as talc or starch, in the blood circulation may cause, besides local injection site complications, pulmonary emboli. To reduce the harmful consequences of injecting such solutions, drug users have been encouraged to use filters. This research studied the effectiveness of an injection drug user syringe filter (IDUSF) in eliminating these particles. Methods. Generic buprenorphine and methylphenidate (Ritaline®), both containing talc, are frequently diverted for use by injection in France. The aim of our laboratory‐based study was to compare the effectiveness of an IDUSF (Sterifilt®, filter pore size = 10 µm) versus no filtration, at reducing the number of particles in solutions of dissolved generic buprenorphine and Ritaline®. Results. Compared with a non‐filtered solution drawn up through a 30G needle, filtering of the generic buprenorphine solution eliminated approximately 85% of all particles between 1 and 5 µm in diameter and 97% of particles between 5 and 18 µm. In the Ritaline® solution, these values were two‐thirds and 95%, respectively. Conclusion. Preliminary results indicate that IDUSF are effective in significantly filtering out large particles, which are responsible for major harms like pulmonary emboli. One strategy for alleviating these consequences is to promote the implementation of IDUSF in harm reduction programs, accompanied by training of social workers, peers and drug users.[Roux P, Carrieri MP, Keijzer L, Dasgupta N. Reducing harm from injecting pharmaceutical tablet or capsule material by injecting drug users. Drug Alcohol Rev 2011;30:287–290]
The availability, diversion and injection of pharmaceutical opioids in South Asia
Authors: LARANCE BRIONY , AMBEKAR ATUL , AZIM TASNIM , MURTHY PRATIMA , PANDA SAMIRAN , DEGENHARDT LOUISA , MATHERS BRADLEY 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAims. To provide an overview of the availability of pharmaceutical opioids and the evidence on the extent of diversion and injection in South Asia. Methods. This paper reviews existing peer‐reviewed and ‘grey’ literature on the extramedical use and injection of pharmaceutical opioids in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Results. Reports indicate that prescribing for all types of pain is inadequate. There is a paucity of empirical data across South Asia regarding the mechanisms and extent of the diversion and misuse of pharmaceutical opioids, although the problem is widely acknowledged. India is believed to account for significant large‐scale diversion within the region and further afield through poor regulation of licit opioid production and pharmacies. A recent decline in use of natural opiates has been accompanied by an increase in pharmaceutical opioid misuse and increasingly, injection, particularly in Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Pakistan. The medications are typically buprenorphine preparations and/or other lower potency opioids, such as codeine, nalbuphine and dextropropoxyphene. Opioid substitution treatment and needle‐syringe programs are available in some countries, but better coverage is needed. Studies identify a lack of comprehensive knowledge regarding HIV and high prevalence of risk behaviours among at‐risk populations in the region. Conclusions. It is imperative for the region to rapidly facilitate access to opioids for the treatment of pain and opioid dependence, ensuring effective systems that maintain quality care, regulate and monitor retail pharmacies, and minimise diversion. Prevention of HIV among people who inject pharmaceutical opioids is essential.[Larance B, Ambekar A, Azim T, Murthy P, Panda S, Degenhardt L, Mathers B. The availability, diversion and injection of pharmaceutical opioids in South Asia. Drug Alcohol Rev 2011;30:246–254]
Benzodiazepines, opioids and driving: An overview of the experimental research
Authors: LEUNG STEFANIE Y. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIssues. Road crashes contribute significantly to the total burden of injury in Australia, with the risk of injury being associated with the presence of drugs and/or alcohol in the driver's blood. Increasingly, some of the most commonly detected drugs include prescription medicines, the most notable of these being benzodiazepines and opioids. However, there is a paucity of experimental research into the effects of prescribed psychoactive drugs on driving behaviours. Approach. This paper provides an overview of experimental studies investigating the effects of prescribed doses of benzodiazepines and opioids on driving ability, and points to future directions for research. Key Findings. There is growing epidemiological evidence linking the therapeutic use of benzodiazepines and opioids to an increased crash risk. However, the current experimental literature remains unclear. Limitations to study methodologies have resulted in inconsistent findings. Implications. Limited experimental evidence exists to inform policy and guidelines regarding fitness‐to‐drive for patients taking prescribed benzodiazepines and opioids. Conclusion. Further experimental research is required to elucidate the effects of these medications on driving, under varying conditions and in different medical contexts. This will ensure that doctors prescribing benzodiazepines and opioids are well informed, and can appropriately advise patients of the risks associated with driving whilst taking these medications. [Leung SY. Benzodiazepines, opioids and driving: An overview of the experimental research. Drug Alcohol Rev 2011;30:281–286]
Climate, competition and connectivity affect future migration and ranges of European trees
Authors: Meier Eliane S. , Lischke Heike , Schmatz Dirk R. , Zimmermann Niklaus E. 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTAim  Species ranges have adapted during the Holocene to altering climate conditions, but it remains unclear if species will be able to keep pace with recent and future climate change. The goal of our study is to assess the influence of changing macroclimate, competition and habitat connectivity on the migration rates of 14 tree species. We also compare the projections of range shifts from species distribution models (SDMs) that incorporate realistic migration rates with classical models that assume no or unlimited migration.Location  Europe.Methods  We calibrated SDMs with species abundance data from 5768 forest plots from ICP Forest Level 1 in relation to climate, topography, soil and land‐use data to predict current and future tree distributions. To predict future species ranges from these models, we applied three migration scenarios: no migration, unlimited migration and realistic migration. The migration rates for the SDMs incorporating realistic migration were estimated according to macroclimate, inter‐specific competition and habitat connectivity from simulation experiments with a spatially explicit process model (TreeMig). From these relationships, we then developed a migration cost surface to constrain the predicted distributions of the SDMs.Results  The distributions of early‐successional species during the 21st century predicted by SDMs that incorporate realistic migration matched quite well with the unlimited migration assumption (mean migration rate over Europe for A1fi/GRAS climate and land‐use change scenario 156.7 ± 79.1 m year−1 and for B1/SEDG 164.3 ± 84.2 m year−1). The predicted distributions of mid‐ to late‐successional species matched better with the no migration assumption (A1fi/GRAS, 15.2 ± 24.5 m year−1 and B1/SEDG, 16.0 ± 25.6 m year−1). Inter‐specific competition, which is higher under favourable growing conditions, reduced range shift velocity more than did adverse macroclimatic conditions (i.e. very cold or dry climate). Habitat fragmentation also led to considerable time lags in range shifts.Main conclusions  Migration rates depend on species traits, competition, spatial habitat configuration and climatic conditions. As a result, re‐adjustments of species ranges to climate and land‐use change are complex and very individualistic, yet still quite predictable. Early‐successional species track climate change almost instantaneously while mid‐ to late‐ successional species were predicted to migrate very slowly.
Application of impedance threshold devices during cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation
Authors: Seekins Megan B. , Reiss Adam J. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractObjective
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To review the use of impedance threshold devices (ITD) during CPCR, their proposed mechanism of action, and their application in veterinary medicine.Data Sources
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Data sources include scientific reviews and original research publications using the PubMed search engine with the following keywords: ‘impedance threshold device’ and ‘resuscitation’ and the Veterinary Information Network search function using the keywords ‘impedance threshold device.’Human Data Synthesis
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Studies in human medicine have demonstrated that the use of an ITD during CPCR in patients during out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest improves coronary perfusion pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure. This improvement in vital organ blood flow results in increased cardiac output and faster return of spontaneous circulation. The use of an ITD has been studied in people and currently holds a class IIb level of recommendation according to the 2010 American Heart Association Guidelines for CPR and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. This device is recommended as a way to improve hemodynamics during CPCR by enhancing venous return and avoiding hyperventilation, thereby increasing the likelihood of a successful resuscitation.Veterinary Data Synthesis
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Multiple controlled studies using pigs with ventricular fibrillation induced cardiopulmonary arrest have demonstrated increased myocardial and cerebral perfusion with the use of an ITD. These studies have emphasized the importance of decreasing intrathoracic pressures during the decompression phase of CPCR and avoiding hyperventilation in order to maximize vital organ blood flow.Conclusions
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Use of an ITD during CPCR in human and animal studies has demonstrated improved vital organ perfusion and faster return of spontaneous circulation. However, the majority of these studies have been carried out in people during out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest and ventricular fibrillation cardiopulmonary arrest pig models. Further studies evaluating the use of an ITD during CPCR in the veterinary hospital setting are warranted.
Transseptal Left Heart Catheterization and the Incidence of Persistent Iatrogenic Atrial Septal Defects
Authors: MCGINTY PATRICK M. , SMITH THOMAS W. , ROGERS JASON H. 
Published: May 2011

Introduction:
Access to the left atrium for invasive and interventional cardiac procedures requires a transseptal (TS) puncture that creates an iatrogenic atrial septal defect (iASD). The utilization of TS access is increasing in cardiology, and the frequency of iASD is, therefore, likely to increase as well. Here, we discuss the TS technique, review existing series of iASD with regard to incidence and clinical significance of residual iASD, and present emerging techniques utilizing TS access where iASD may result.
Methods and Results:
A PubMed search for “iatrogenic atrial septal defects” was performed to identify prospective series addressing the incidence of iASDs after TS procedures. We identified 10 series with primary attention to iASD. Cases involving TS access included electrophysiology ablation procedures, atrial appendage closure, and percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty. Immediate postprocedural incidence of iASD was as high as 87%, with decreased incidence of residual iASD detected over time. At 18 months of follow‐up, up to 15% of iASD cases persisted. Residual iASDs were not associated with clinical sequelae of embolism, cyanosis, or right heart failure.
Conclusions:
iASDs are frequent following TS access and a majority resolve over time. Available evidence suggests iASDs are well tolerated but late term follow‐up is limited. With the increased utilization of TS transcatheter procedures, the frequency and size of iASDs may rise. Understanding the rare but serious clinical implications of iASD and the need for systematic surveillance in the future is warranted. (J Interven Cardiol 2011;24:254–263)
Proliferation and differentiation potential of human adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells isolated from elderly patients with osteoporotic fractures
Authors: Chen Hui‐Ting , Lee Mon‐Juan , Chen Chung‐Hwan , Chuang Shu‐Chun , Chang Li‐Fu , Ho Mei‐Ling , Hung Shao‐Hung , Fu Yin‐Chih , Wang Yan‐Hsiung , Wang Hsin‐I , Wang Gwo‐Jaw , Kang Lin , Chang Je‐Ken 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAging has less effect on adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) than on bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), but whether the fact holds true in stem cells from elderly patients with osteoporotic fractures is unknown. In this study, ADSCs and BMSCs of the same donor were harvested and divided into two age groups. Group A consisted of 14 young patients (36.4 ± 11.8 years old), and group B consisted of eight elderly patients (71.4 ± 3.6 years old) with osteoporotic fractures. We found that the doubling time of ADSCs from both age groups was maintained below 70 hrs, while that of BMSCs increased significantly with the number of passage. When ADSCs and BMSCs from the same patient were compared, there was a significant increase in the doubling time of BMSCs in each individual from passages 3 to 6. On osteogenic induction, the level of matrix mineralization of ADSCs from group B was comparable to that of ADSCs from group A, whereas BMSCs from group B produced least amount of mineral deposits and had a lower expression level of osteogenic genes. The p21 gene expression and senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase activity were lower in ADSCs compared to BMSCs, which may be partly responsible for the greater proliferation and differentiation potential of ADSCs. It is concluded that the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs were less affected by age and multiple passage than BMSCs, suggesting that ADSCs may become a potentially effective therapeutic option for cell‐based therapy, especially in elderly patients with osteoporosis.
The effect of smoking on survival and bone loss of implants with a fluoride‐modified surface: a 2‐year retrospective analysis of 1106 implants placed in daily practice
Authors: Vervaeke Stijn , Collaert Bruno , Vandeweghe Stefan , Cosyn Jan , Deschepper Ellen , De Bruyn Hugo 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAim: To compare the survival and peri‐implant bone loss of implants with a fluoride‐modified surface in smokers and nonsmokers.Materials and methods: Patient files of all patients referred for implant treatment from November 2004 to 2007 were scrutinized. All implants were placed by the same experienced surgeon (B. C.). The only inclusion criterion was a follow‐up time of at least 2 years. Implant survival and bone loss were assessed by an external calibrated examiner (S. V.) comparing digital peri‐apical radiographs taken during recall visits with the post‐operative ones. Implant success was determined according to the international success criteria (Albrektsson et al. 1986). Survival of implants installed in smokers and nonsmokers was compared using the log‐rank test. Both nonparametric tests and fixed model analysis were adopted to evaluate bone loss in smokers and nonsmokers.Results: One‐thousand one‐hundred and six implants in 300 patients (186 females; 114 males) with a mean follow‐up of 31 months (SD 7.15; range 24–58) were included. Nineteen implants in 17 patients failed, resulting in an overall survival rate of 98.3% at the implant level and 94.6% at the patient level. After a follow‐up period of 2 years, the cumulative survival rates was 96.7% and 99.1% with the patient and implant as the statistical unit, respectively. Implant survival was significantly higher for nonsmokers compared with smokers (implant level P=0.025; patient level P=0.017). The overall mean bone loss was 0.34 mm (n=1076; SD 0.65; range 0–7.1). Smokers lost significantly more bone compared with nonsmokers in the maxilla (0.74 mm; SD 1.07 vs. 0.33 mm; SD 0.65; P<0.001), but not in the mandible (0.25 mm; SD 0.65 vs. 0.22 mm; SD 0.5; P=0.298).Conclusion: The present study is the first to compare peri‐implant bone loss in smokers and nonsmokers from the time of implant insertion (baseline) to at least 2 years of follow‐up. Implants with a fluoride‐modified surface demonstrated a high survival rate and limited bone loss. However, smokers are at a higher risk of experiencing implant failure and more prone to show peri‐implant bone loss in the maxilla. Whether this bone loss is predicting future biological complications remains to be evaluated.
Deproteinized bovine bone mineral in marginal defects at implants installed immediately into extraction sockets: an experimental study in dogs
Authors: Caneva Marco , Botticelli Daniele , Pantani Fabio , Baffone Gabriele M. , Rangel Jr Idelmo Garcia , Lang Niklaus P. 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the influence of deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) particles concomitant with the placement of a collagen membrane on alveolar ridge preservation and on osseointegration of implants placed into alveolar sockets immediately after tooth extraction.
Material and methods: The pulp tissue of the mesial roots of 3P3 was removed in six Labrador dogs and the root canals were filled. Flaps were elevated in the right side of the mandible, and the buccal and lingual alveolar bony plates were exposed. The third premolar was hemi‐sectioned and the distal root was removed. A recipient site was prepared and an implant was placed lingually. After implant installation, defects of about 0.6 mm wide and 3.1 mm depth resulted at the buccal aspects of the implant, both at the test and at the control sites. The same surgical procedures and measurements were performed on the left side of the mandible. However, DBBM particles with a size of 0.25–1 mm were placed into the remaining defect concomitant with the placement of a collagen membrane.
Results: All implants were integrated into mature bone. No residual DBBM particles were detected at the test sites after 4 months of healing. Both the test and the control sites showed buccal alveolar bone resorption, 1.8±1.1 and 2.1±1 mm, respectively. The most coronal bone‐to‐implant contact at the buccal aspect was 2±1.1 an 2.8±1.3 mm, at the test and the control sites, respectively. This difference in the distance was statistically significant.
Conclusion: The application of DBBM concomitant with a collagen membrane to fill the marginal defects around implants placed into the alveolus immediately after tooth extraction contributed to improved bone regeneration in the defects. However, with regard to buccal bony crest preservation, a limited contribution of DBBM particles was achieved.
To cite this article: Caneva M, Botticelli D, Pantani F, Baffone GM, Rangel IG Jr, Lang NP. Deproteinized bovine bone mineral in marginal defects at implants installed immediately into extraction sockets: an experimental study in dogs. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 23, 2012; 106–112. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2011.02202.x