bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
$22.7 Million for Instruments
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The National Science Foundation has awarded $22.7 million for instruments to improve undergraduate education. The 626 grants went to community colleges, four‐year colleges, and universities for their science, mathematics, and engineering departments.About 40 of the awards are for Earth science equipment. Many other awards are to undergraduate physics, chemistry, and engineering programs that provide graduate students to geophysics.
Aircraft‐icing study launched
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Winter icing conditions that imperil aircraft will be the focus of a 2‐month field project recently begun in Boulder, Colo., by the National Center for Atmospheric Research and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.The project is part of the 6‐year comprehensive program Winter Icing and Storms Project (WISP), which is funded by the Federal Aviation Administration and the National Science Foundation. WISP will consist of 4 years of field studies using instrumented aircraft, sensitive radars, wind‐speed profilers and solar‐powered portable weather stations.
Doctorate time rising sharply: How long should it take?
Authors: Glen William 
Published: October 2011

The period 1967–1987 saw a 20% increase in the time it takes to complete the doctorate. That figure is based on data provided by the National Research Council from 11 scientific and engineering fields, including the Earth, atmospheric and marine sciences.The median time spent earning the degree rose from 5.4 years in 1967 to 6.1 years in 1977 to 6.9 years in 1987—an increase of 1.5 years in a single generation. Completion time still seems to be rising! All graduating doctoral students in 1987 had a median age of 33.6 years; chemistry students were youngest at 29, and education students were the oldsters at 39.8 years.
University of the humid tropics
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The creation of a foundation called the University of the Humid Tropics (UNITROP) was announced by Brazilian atmospheric scientist Luiz Carlos Molion at the AGU Chapman Conference on Global Biomass Burning, held March 23 in Williamsburg, Va. The headquarters for UNITROP is in Manaus, Amazonia, Brazil. UNITROP is not a university in a narrow sense, but an institution created and run by scientists with the purpose of understanding Amazonia and developing it socio‐economically in harmony with its environment, Molion said.The scientific objectives of UNITROP are: Research: Promote, organize and fund researchers and research in Amazonia, encompassing all branches of science, from social and aboriginal issues to biogeophysicalchemical processes, and leading to an integrated understanding of the tropical forest environment and its transformation.
AIP writing award
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The American Institute of Physics invites entries for its prize in science writing by scientists. May 11, 1990, is the deadline for submitting entries for the Science‐Writing Award in Physics and Astronomy for Articles, Booklets or Books Intended for the General Public by Physicists, Astronomers, or Members of AIP Member and Affiliated Societies. AGU is affiliated with AIP.It is the 21st year for this award for outstanding writing dealing primarily with physics and astronomy to scientists who write about science. Nearly half the awards have been given for writings about geophysics, including four on earthquake prediction and two on the Solar System.
References for marine science
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Standard and Reference Materials for Marine Science, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Technical Memo OMA‐51 (2nd edition, 434 pp.), by A. Y. Cantillo, is now available. This compilation of reference materials was prepared at the request of the Group of Experts on Standards and Reference Materials and was printed by NOAA. GESREM is sponsored by the International Atomic Energy Agency, the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, and the United Nations Program.Reference materials are included on ashes, gases, instrument performance materials, oils, physical properties, rocks, sediments, sludges, tissues and waters. For each reference material, source, description and preparation, analyses and values, cost, references, and comments are given. Indices are included for elements, isotopes and organic compounds. Cross references to Chemical Abstracts Service registry numbers and alternate names and chemical structures of organic compounds are also provided.
WHPA Code available
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The Wellhead Protection Area code is now available for distribution by the International Ground Water Modeling Center in Indianapolis, Ind. The WHPA code is a modular, semianalytical, groundwater flow model developed for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Ground Water Protection, designed to assist state and local technical staff with the task of Wellhead Protection Area (WHPA) delineation. A complete news item appeared in Eos, May 1, 1990, p. 690.The model consists of four independent, semianalytical modules that may be used to identify the areal extent of groundwater contribution to one or multiple pumping wells. One module is a general particle tracking program that may be used as a post‐processor for two‐dimensional, numerical models of groundwater flow. One module incorporates a Monte Carlo approach to investigate the effects of uncertain input parameters on capture zones. Multiple pumping and injection wells may be present and barrier or stream boundary conditions may be investigated.
IAHS/WMO and GEWEX
Authors: Klemes V. 
Published: October 2011

The Working Group on GEWEX of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has urged a strong involvement of IAHS in GEWEX, the Global Energy and Water Experiment. The Working Group met May 16, 1989, at the IAHS Third Scientific Assembly in Baltimore, Md.The group recommended that the main thrust of GEWEX‐related IAHS initiatives in the immediate future be concentrated on the following two international projects.
DOE's Deep Microbiology Program
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Research proposals related to geohydrological and geochemical factors that control microbial abundance and diversity at depth, the microbial ecology of subsurface systems, and improved understanding of microbial‐environmental relationships are being accepted for the Department of Energy's Deep Microbiology Program.Proposals received by November 1, 1990, will be reviewed by an interdisciplinary panel that will be convened in early 1991. Successful applicants will work as members of multiinstitutional, interdisciplinary research teams. DOE will help successful applicants integrate their research with currently funded research projects and will provide uncompromised subsurface sediment and groundwater samples for geochemical and microbiological analyses.
1989 Pacific Northwest Regional AGU Meeting
Authors: Johnson Ansel G. 
Published: October 2011

The Pacific Northwest Region of AGU held its 36th annual meeting September 28–30, 1989, at Portland State University, Portland, Oreg.; 78 scientists attended. The five sessions included tectonophysics, seismology, hydrology and contaminant transport, volcanology and other geology, marine geology and oceanography in 23 oral presentations and 9 poster sessions.As in most regional meetings, no parallel sessions were used, thus exposing the audience to a wide variety of presentations. The tectonics section included papers on vertical deformation measurements along the Oregon Coast, evidence of the subducting plate using apparent velocities observed from subcrustal earthquakes, gravity modeling in the Portland Basin, and multichannel seismic reflection survey in the Queen Charlotte Basin.
First tomographic study of western U.S. completed
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Earthquake travel times extracted from the International Seismological Centre data set have been used to map the laterally varying Pn velocity structure of the uppermost mantle and to estimate the crustal thickness at each recording station in the western United States. The mapping (see cover) was done by Thomas Hearn, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, and Noureddine Beghoul and Muawia Barazangi, both at the Institute for the Study of the Continents, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y. First arrival times from regional distances (200–1200 km) are shown in Figure 1.A tomographic backprojection method was used [Hearn and Clayton, 1985] that images the uppermost mantle velocity in the western U.S. The method also solves for the station and event static, or time delays. Results correlate well with major tectonic features, as seen on the cover image. Slower uppermost mantle velocities (V < 7.9 km/s) were found centered in the Basin and Range Province surrounded by upper mantle of higher, more normal Pn velocities (V > 7.9 km/s). These low Pn velocities are directly due to the effects of isostasy, hotspot volcanism and crustal extension.
AGU's Pacific Northwest Regional Meeting
Authors: Ludwin Ruth S. 
Published: October 2011

The 1990 Pacific Northwest regional AGU meeting held September 13–14 at the University of Washington, Seattle, was attended by more than 80 people; 24 papers and 17 posters were presented. About 25 people participated in a field trip to look at debris flow processes, deposits and hazards at Mount Ranier, organized by Patrick Pringle of the Washington Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geology. Published copies of the field trip guide will be available in 1991 from the Washington State DNR.Also featured at the meeting was an interdisciplinary study by the Geology, Forest Resources and Engineering departments of the University of Washington, “Characterization and Modeling of a Hollow in the Cascades With Respect to Slope Stability.” Slope stability is an important topic in the Pacific Northwest because of its rugged topography and the economic importance of both forestry and fisheries.
A multidisciplinary Amazon Shelf Sediment Study
Authors:   AmasSeds Research Group
Published: October 2011

A new research program is taking a comprehensive look at the continental shelf at the mouth of the Amazon, the world's largest river. This paper describes the objectives, the design, some preliminary results, and the future plans of the program, which is called A Multidisciplinary Amazon Shelf Sediment Study (AmasSeds). The participants in the program's research group are listed at the end of this article.Among the initial findings from AmasSeds are observations of mammoth pulses of water (and sediment) discharge on weekly time scales from the Amazon, and documentation of the advection of this material over 1000 km over a couple of weeks. The study has also measured suspended sediment concentrations that affect seawater density and biological productivity, and revealed shoreline erosion even while billions of tons of sediment are being supplied. In addition, iron and manganese cycling has been found to be so extensive that it controls seabed chemistry. Finally, the project has identified a major environmental change that occurred several hundred years ago.
Techniques for integrated water resources management
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The course, Decision Support Techniques for Integrated Water Resources Management, is designed mainly for technical managers and staff of water resources management agencies at the international, national, regional, and local water board level, as well as consultants in other professions working in or interested in the field of water resources development, planning, and operation. It will be held in Wageningen, The Netherlands, June 10–15, 1991.The course objective is to promote better understanding and dissemination of techniques to be applied in “real‐world” integrated water resources management. The course offers an introduction to the concepts of decision modeling, plus ample case studies to demonstrate their applicability. It covers decision theory, operations research and simulation methods, as well as certain aspects of law and psychology. Selected multiple objective techniques will be presented, followed by an overview of recent trends in the field. Computer‐based techniques will be demonstrated.
Honors
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Outlining important U.S. scientific problems that, to be properly addressed, must be investigated with a drilling ship was the objective of the U.S. COMmittee on POST‐1998 Ocean Drilling (COMPOST), which met in Seattle October 14–15. Members of COMPOST were chosen specifically by the Joint Oceanographic Institutions‐U.S. Science Advisory (JOI‐USSAC) as representatives of major ongoing ocean sciences initiatives in the United States.The scientific rationale for drilling was examined and COMPOST summarized what the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) has done and can do for the following initiatives: Marine Aspects of Earth System History (MESH)
A tangled Web
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Add another strand to the web of life. The concentration of oxygen in the Earth's oceans and atmosphere appears to be indirectly linked in a feedback system to the productivity of marine organisms, according to Earth scientists Phillippe Van Cappellen of Georgia Tech and Ellery Ingall of the University of Texas at Austin.Studying ancient and modern sediment cores from the sea floor, the two researchers found that when the oceans are more fully oxygenated, they store more phosphorus; when the oxygen supply is depleted, the phosphorus concentration in sediments is reduced as well.
American Physical Society comments on NAS Report
Authors: Schrieffer Robert , Bromley Allen 
Published: October 2011

Here are relevant excerpts from the American Physical Society's (APS) comments on the NAS report, as reported in FYI, the AIP bulletin of science policy news."Dr. Press and his panel members organized their collected wisdom into 13 recommendations. We concur with most of them, but find substantial difficulty with several."
Line‐item veto may pass this month
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

U.S. House and Senate Republicans have cleared the way for legislation to give the President the power of a line‐item‐veto in time for the 1998 budget season.The line‐item veto, as proposed, would allow the President to remove from appropriations bills selected appropriations items, new entitlement spending, or narrowly targeted tax breaks. Once a line item is cut from the budget, Congress would have to pass a separate appropriations bill for that individual item; that new, separate bill would then be subject to the traditional Presidential veto.
Reply [to “Comment on ‘Science in the political arena: Taking fire from the right and the left’”]
Authors: Applegate David 
Published: October 2011

I tend to agree with Michael Darzi that the budgetary attacks being brought to bear by Congress are the greater problem for science, but it was the growing rift with the environmental community that most surprised me during my year on Capitol Hill. As a card‐carrying member of several environmental groups, I was disturbed that a movement that had, as Darzi rightly points out, spurred many crucial areas of scientific research, was adopting a know‐nothing approach even when common interests exist.As to the solution, I could not agree more with Darzi that better communication is only one step toward greater activism, particularly at the grassroots level.
Rain dance
Authors: Carlowicz Michael 
Published: October 2011

The concept of altering weather soon may get some added credibility. Residents of Mexico's parched state of Coahuila just hope to get some rain.In a program that links scientists from the U.S. National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) with others working for the Mexican government and agricultural and industrial labs, researchers will test a new technique to enhance and perhaps induce rainfall. In field trials planned for June through October for the next four years, scientists will use pyrotechnic flares mounted on aircraft to seed clouds: as the plane flies at the base of the cloud, the burning flares produce moisture‐retaining particles that rise into the cloud and attract water vapor. When the technique succeeds, the water particles become droplets which can become bonafide precipitation.
Proposed change to Bylaw 22
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The Statutes and Bylaws Committee has recommended that the bylaw governing the number of new Fellows to be elected each year be amended. The proposed change, which decouples the number to be elected from the date of the meeting, would provide a stable number for each year.Recipients of AGU medals who are members are accorded Fellowship in the Union. Additional Fellows may be elected from the membership of the AGU by a committee of 11 Fellows appointed by the President.
Going with the flow
Authors: Carlowicz Michael 
Published: October 2011

The Colorado River will never be the same. Declaring success in the controlled flooding experiment conducted on the river in April (Eos, June 11), U.S. Secretary of the Interior Bruce Babbitt has officially changed the operation plan for the Glen Canyon Dam in order to better protect the natural resources of Grand Canyon National Park and Glen Canyon National Recreational Area.In a ceremony on October 9 in Phoenix, Arizona, Babbitt completed a process that began during the Bush Administration. In 1989 researchers and land managers began preparing an environmental impact assessment of how the river and dam could be managed to better protect the ecosystem. The new “record of decision” signed by Babbitt directs the Department of the Interior to operate the dam in “such a manner as to protect, mitigate adverse impacts to, and improve the values” for which the parks were established. The order makes permanent some changes first ordered in 1991; those changes allow for (but do not necessarily prescribe) occasional controlled floods and other dam management procedures that minimize erosion downstream.
Drill bit
Authors: Carlowicz Michael 
Published: October 2011

The International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) is seeking proposals by January 15, 1997, for its next cycle of scientific projects.Started in February 1996 as a joint program between Germany's GeoForschungsZentrum‐Potsdam, the United States' National Science Foundation (NSF), and China's Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources, ICDP was created to support scientific research of global importance that requires access to continental drilling capability. ICDP is currently funding projects to drill volcanic sequences in Hawaii and the Chicxulub Impact Crater in the Yucatan Peninsula. The program also is supporting workshops on lake drilling for high‐resolution records of environmental and tectonic change; drilling the high‐pressure metamorphic rocks of the Dabieshan Mountains in China; and drilling the feeder of the dacite dome that has intruded into the vent of the Unzen Volcano in Japan.
Better hurricane forecasts
Authors: Friebele Elaine 
Published: October 2011

People living in coastal areas can rely on better hurricane predictions because forecasters now have nearly instant access to global wind data. Measurements of wind speed and direction over the world's oceans are available within 3 hours of measurement from the Japanese satellite ADEOS (Advanced Earth Observing Satellite).Wind parameters at 25‐km resolution are being measured by NASA's scatterometer traveling on the Japanese satellite ADEOS (Advanced Earth Observing Satellite). “The high accuracy and spatial resolution of the data were quickly recognized by our forecasters, who have been starved for data over significant expanses of the world's oceans,” said Jim Hoke, director of NOAA's Marine Prediction Center.
Panoramic nomad
Authors: Showstack Randy 
Published: October 2011

While the Sojourner robot has inched from rock to rock across the Martian landscape over the past few weeks, amazing Earthlings with its close‐up view of the red planet, scientists are developing a next generation of bigger and more robust space‐ready robots.During a 45‐day field experiment that ended on July 31, a 726‐kg (1,600‐lb) robotic rover nicknamed “Nomad” practically sprinted more than 215 km (133 miles) around the cold and arid landscape of the Atacama Desert in northern Chile. The robot, which reached a maximum cruising speed of about 1.6 km per hour (1 mph), traveled 32.2 km (20 miles) further than scientists originally had hoped for.
Coral bleach
Authors: Showstack Randy 
Published: October 2011

With a major El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) now stirring in the Pacific Ocean, scientists are concerned about the potential impact to fragile coral reefs.The ENSO could trigger massive bleaching of coral reefs in both the Pacific and Atlantic, according C. Mark Eakin, a program manager with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Office of Global Programs.
Mentor awards
Authors: Showstack Randy 
Published: October 2011

The Association of Women in Science (AWIS) and the American Indian Science and Engineering Society (AISES) were two of 19 institutions and individuals that received presidential awards for excellence in science, mathematics, and engineering mentoring, on September 11.Neal Lane, Director of the National Science Foundation, says the awards, which include $10,000 grants, recognize “individuals and institutions working to heighten the participation of underrepresented groups in science, mathematics, and engineering.”
In Memoriam
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Robert H. Dicke died on March 4, 1997, at age 80. He was an AGU fellow (1962)(SPA—Solar and Heliospheric Physics) who joined AGU in 1960.Craig C. Hudson died December 2, 1996, at age 79. He had been a member (Atmospheric Sciences) since 1974.
Bumpy rides
Authors: Showstack Randy 
Published: October 2011

When a Japanese airplane ran into severe turbulence above the northwest Pacific Ocean east of Japan on January 20, 20 passengers were injured.Now, a team of scientists is sending probes into turbulent areas of the jet stream over the Pacific to learn more about clear air turbulence and the structure of the jet stream. The data will be used to verify experimental turbulence prediction models and learn how operational National Weather Service forecast models might be improved to give pilots more accurate warnings of turbulence.
Earth Day honors
Authors: Showstack Randy 
Published: October 2011

Earth Day on April 22 has become a time for presenting awards for environmental protection, and this year's awardees include several people and organizations whose activities touch upon geoscience‐related issues.Among the winners of the Goldman Environment Prize is Michal Krav Rk, a hydrologist from Slovakia who led a successful campaign to stop the construction of a proposed 65‐m‐high dam that had been planned for the Upper Torysa River about 50 km northwest of the city of Kosice.
Wide‐ranging sensor applications
Authors: Showstack Randy 
Published: October 2011

The next time you sip a glass of wine from California's Napa Valley, you may want to offer a toast to NASA and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). A new partnership between the two agencies could help to improve the management of vineyards there. The partnership, which will apply remote‐sensing data from satellites to 13 initial research issues, also could improve scientists' understanding of wildfires, range management, floodplain drainage, and other resources.The goal of the research, according to NASA, is to accelerate the movement of remote sensing research results and data into the operational arena.