bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on RF MEMS switch with four parallel Ohm contacts for power handling enhancement
Authors: Liu Zewen , Hou Zhihao , Li Zhijian 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn this article, we present a recent study on enhancement of the power handling capability in wideband Ohm contact type RF MEMS switch. The series Ohm contact switch presents a very good wideband RF performance in the DC to 30 GHz. To improve its power handling capability, switch unit consisted of four parallel single Ohm contact (FPOC) had been designed, fabricated, and measured. In this way, the power handling capability can be improved because of the reduction of contact resistance. The measurement results reveal that the FPOC switch insertion loss is 0.1 dB at 4 GHz and 0.3 dB at 10 GHz; its isolations are 25 dB at 4 GHz and −16 dB at 10 GHz. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 665–667, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.25025
A compact, ultra‐broadband coplanar‐waveguide bandpass filter with simple open‐ and short‐stub structures
Authors: Wang Shao‐Ning , Chen Nan‐Wei 
Published: January 2010

AbstractA compact, ultra‐broadband coplanar‐waveguide (CPW) bandpass filter (BPF) is presented. The CPW‐BPF comprises solely open‐ and short‐stub structures. Compared with the conventional broadband CPW‐BPFs, the proposed filter is of a relatively compact configuration. The demonstrated CPW‐BPF has about 110% 3‐dB fractional bandwidth, sharp selectivity, and good stopband rejection. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 715–718, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www. interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.25028
Erratum: Metamaterial applications in RFID
Authors: Toscano A. , Vegni L. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractOriginally published Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 2745–2748, 2009
. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 783, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.25091
Interleukin‐34 is expressed by giant cell tumours of bone and plays a key role in RANKL‐induced osteoclastogenesis
Authors: Baud'Huin Marc , Renault Romain , Charrier Céline , Riet Anne , Moreau Anne , Brion Régis , Gouin François , Duplomb Laurence , Heymann Dominique 
Published: January 2010

AbstractInterleukin‐34 (IL‐34) is a newly discovered regulator of myeloid lineage differentiation, proliferation, and survival, acting via the macrophage‐colony stimulating factor receptor (M‐CSF receptor, c‐fms). M‐CSF, the main ligand for c‐fms, is required for osteoclastogenesis and has been already identified as a critical contributor of the pathogenesis of giant cell tumours of bone (GCTs), tumours rich in osteoclasts. According to the key role of M‐CSF in osteoclastogenesis and GCTs, the expression of IL‐34 in human GCTs was first assessed. Quantitative analysis of IL‐34 mRNA expression in 14 human GCTs revealed expression of this cytokine in GCTs as well as M‐CSF and c‐fms. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that osteoclast‐like cells exhibited a huge immunostaining for IL‐34 and that mononuclear stromal cells were slightly positive for this protein. In contrast to osteoblasts, bone‐resorbing osteoclasts showed very strong staining for IL‐34, suggesting its potential role in the pathogenesis of GCTs by facilitating osteoclast formation. The role of IL‐34 in osteoclastogenesis was then studied in murine and human models. IL‐34 was able to support RANKL‐induced osteoclastogenesis in the absence of M‐CSF in all models. Multinucleated cells generated in the presence of IL‐34 and RANKL expressed specific osteoclastic markers and resorbed dentine. IL‐34 induced phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 and Akt through the activation of c‐fms, as revealed by the inhibition of signalling by a specific c‐fms tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Furthermore, IL‐34 stimulated RANKL‐induced osteoclastogenesis by promoting the adhesion and proliferation of osteoclast progenitors, and had no effect on osteoclast survival. Overall, these data reveal that IL‐34 can be entirely substituted for M‐CSF in RANKL‐induced osteoclastogenesis, thus identifying a new biological activity for this cytokine and a contribution to the pathogenesis of GCTs. Copyright © 2010 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Primary chemotherapy for intracranial germ cell tumors: Results of the third international CNS germ cell tumor study
Authors: da Silva Nasjla Saba , Cappellano Andrea M. , Diez Blanca , Cavalheiro Sergio , Gardner Sharon , Wisoff Jeffrey , Kellie Stewart , Parker Robert , Garvin James , Finlay Jonathan 
Published: January 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe treatment of central nervous system (CNS) germ cell tumors (GCT) remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate efficacy of a chemotherapy only strategy, with less morbidity, when compared to regimens with irradiation.MethodsBetween January 2001 and December 2004 newly diagnosed patients with CNS GCT were treated with one of two risk‐tailored chemotherapy regimens. Twenty‐five patients aged 4 months to 24.5 years were stratified: Regimen A consisted of 4–6 cycles of carboplatin/etoposide alternating with cyclophosphamide/etoposide for low risk (LR) localized germinoma with normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum tumor markers. Regimen B consisted of 4–6 cycles of carboplatin/cyclophosphamide/etoposide for intermediate‐risk (IR) germinoma with positive human chorionic gonadotrophin‐beta (HCGβ) and/or CSF HCGβ <50 mIU/ml and high‐risk (HR) biopsy‐proven non‐germinomatous malignant elements (MMGCT) or elevated serum/CSF alpha‐fetoprotein and/or HCGβ serum/CSF >50 mIU/ml.ResultsEleven patients were classified as LR, 2 IR, and 12 HR. Seventeen (68%) patients achieved complete radiographic and marker responses after two courses and 19 (76%) after four courses of chemotherapy. Eleven patients relapsed at a mean of 30.8 months; eight of them subsequently received irradiation. The 6‐year event free and overall survival for the 25 patients was 45.6% and 75.3%, respectively.ConclusionThese intensive chemotherapy regimens proved less effective than irradiation containing regimens. Our results indicate that, at the present time, standard treatment for CNS GCT continues to include irradiation either alone or combined with chemotherapy for pure germinomas and with chemotherapy for those with MMGCT. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:377–383. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
New design of actuator using shear piezoelectricity of a chiral polymer, and prototype device
Authors: Sawano Michiya , Tahara Komei , Orita Yoshihiro , Nakayama Mesatoshi , Tajitsu Yoshiro 
Published: January 2010

AbstractChiral polymers have been known to exhibit small shear piezoelectricity for about fifty years. However, recently, we reported that poly(L‐lactic acid) treated with supercritical carbon dioxide (sc‐PLLA), which is a type of chiral polymer, exhibits much higher shear piezoelectricity than other chiral polymers. On the other hand, we found an important difference between motion due to shear piezoelectricity and that due to tensile piezoelectricity in piezoelectric materials through computer simulations. On the basis of these results, we fabricated a new type of electrically controlled tweezers constructed from a pair of sc‐PLLA sheets with shear piezoelectricity. In general, when conventional tweezers open to the left and right, the trajectory of their motion becomes fanlike at the center of the connection (one end of the tweezers). In the new tweezers, the two small sheets making up the tweezers open parallel to each other, without the motion of parts near the connection. Moreover, a prototype ‘finger’ system using sc‐PLLA sheets to realize complex motion in which the finger curled upon stretching of the sc‐PLLA sheets was manufactured as a trial device. Using the prototype finger system, we demonstrated the firm grasping of a sample, but the sample could not be removed from a vessel. Thus, sc‐PLLA increases the likelihood of realizing a device with highly operational pick‐up in a very small region by using the shear piezoelectricity of a chiral polymer. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Variation of Raman spectra of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots at the bioconjugation
Authors: Macotela L. G. Vega , Torchynska T. V. , Douda J. , Sierra R. Peña 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis paper presents the results of comparative analysis of Raman scattering spectra of CdSe/ZnS QDs covered by polymer with and without bio‐conjugation to the mouse anti PSA (Prostate‐Specific Antigen) antibodies (mab). Commercial CdSe/ZnS QDs used in the study are characterized by the color emission with the maximum at 565 nm (2.19 eV) at 300 K. Raman scattering spectra measured at room temperature demonstrate two groups of peaks: i) related to the Si substrate at 230–460, 522, 610, 670, 940‐1040 cm–1 and 2) to polymer on the QD surface in the spectral range 1268–3310 cm–1. It is revealed that the QD bio‐conjugation to the anti PSA mab is accompanied by the variation dramatically in the intensity of Raman lines of both types. The explanation of Raman peak stimulation in bio‐conjugated QDs has been proposed on the base of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Study of phase separation and photo‐ luminescent emission in silicon nanostructured PECVD systems
Authors: Ribeiro M. , Pereyra I. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn this work two systems with total phase separation composed of alternated a‐Si/SiO2 and a‐Si/Si3N4 respectively along with silicon‐rich SiOxNy films were deposited by the PECVD technique and characterized by XANES, Raman, TEM and PL techniques. The multilayers were used to analyse the effects of phase separation in the XANES and Raman spectra as well as to determine the phase contrast in TEM images in order to elucidate upon the existence of phase separation in the silicon‐rich SiOxNy films and correlate it with the high photoluminescence intensity in the visible spectra region observed in the as deposited films. The results clearly indicate that the as deposited films present partial phase separation, which is crucial for the PL emission. The effect of high temperature annealing in the silicon‐rich SiOxNy films is also studied, Raman and XANES results show that heat treatments promote silicon aggregation and, in some cases, crystallization strongly influencing the PL emission. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Two‐dimensional Langevin recombination
Authors: Juška Gytis , Genevičius Kristijonas , Nekrašas Nerijus , Sliaužys Gytis 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn two‐dimensional (2D) structures, due to charge carrier's mobility dependence on direction, the rate of Langevin recombination must be different in comparison with the three‐dimensional (3D) case. In this work we determine the relaxation of charge carrier's density in the case of 2D Langevin recombination. Experimental data from photo‐CELIV (extraction of photogenerated charge carriers in a linearly increasing voltage), double injection current transients and integral time‐of‐flight methods proves presence of 2D Langevin recombination in lamellar structure of regioregular poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (RR‐P3HT). The temperature dependence of the mobility in the lamella was established. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Deposition of ZnS1‐xOx thin films by the photochemical dip coating method and application for heterojunction solar cells
Authors: Ichimura Masaya , Akita Koichi 
Published: January 2010

AbstractZnS1‐xOx films were deposited by a new photochemical technique, photochemical dip coating (PDC), on glass and Sn‐doped‐In2O3 coated glass substrates. The substrate was dipped in the deposition solution, and then irradiated in air with UV light of a low‐pressure mercury lamp. The deposition solution contained 50 mmol/L of ZnCl2 and 100 mmol/L of Na2S2O3, and a film with a thickness of about 0.15 μm was deposited by repeating the dipping‐irradiation cycle 50 times. The film composition was ZnS0.8O0.3, slightly group VI‐rich. The optical transmission decreased gradually from about 60 to 20% in a wavelength range of 500‐300 nm. Heterostructure solar cells were fabricated by depositing SnS on ZnS0.8O0.3 by electrodeposition. The cell showed photovoltaic properties, although the efficiency was low. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Optical and structural characterization of silicon‐carbon‐nitride thin films for optoelectronics
Authors: Swatowska Barbara , Stapinski Tomasz 
Published: January 2010

AbstractAmorphous a‐SiCN:H films were deposited by radio frequency Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapour Deposition (PECVD) at 13.56 MHz from silane‐methane‐ammonia (SiH4+CH4+NH3) gaseous mixture. Morphological, structural and optical characterization of a‐SiCN:H in correlation with process parameters was done. High growth rate of films was influenced mainly by presence of ammonia and silane in technological process. FTIR spectra analysis of films revealed the influence of gaseous mixture content in PECVD process on their structure. The refractive index and optical gap depended on elemental composition of films. The total reflectivity of a‐SiCN:H on monocrystalline silicon revealed increase with the decrease in carbon and nitrogen content. The a‐SiCN:H films are smooth, homogeneous, chemically inert and wear resistive and also hydrogen rich, which is important from the application point of view (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Lack of universal conductance features in disordered graphene nanoribbons
Authors: Magna Antonino La , Deretzis Ioannis , Forte Giuseppe , Pucci Renato 
Published: January 2010

AbstractRecent experimental characterisation of graphene flakes has demonstrated the existence of local structural alterations of the ideal honeycomb lattice whose influence on the conductance mechanism of this material has not yet been fully evaluated. In this study a numerical statistical analysis of the conductance distribution function in disordered graphene nanoribbons is presented. Calculations are performed in statistically equivalent replica large systems within the Non Equilibrium Green's Function formalism. Different kinds of local scattering centers have been considered. A characteristic general behavior of the conductance variance in these quasi one‐dimensional systems is the linear scaling with the average of logarithm of the conductance, in the localization regime. However, in a broad class of realization of the local disorder, the slope is not a constant as the disorder degree varies in any region of the energy spectrum, i.e. the single parameters scaling hypothesis is not verified (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Preparation of carbon nanotubes with different morphology by microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition
Authors: Duraia El‐Shazly M. , Mansurov Zulkhair , Tokmoldin S. Zh. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn this work we present a part of our results about the preparation of carbon nanotube with different morphologies by using microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition MPECVD. Well aligned, curly, carbon nanosheets, coiled carbon sheets and carbon microcoils have been prepared. We have investigated the effect of the different growth condition parameters such as the growth temperature, pressure and the hydrogen to methane flow rate ratio on the morphology of the carbon nanotubes. The results showed that there is a great dependence of the morphology of carbon nanotubes on these parameters.The yield of the carbon microcoils was high when the growth temprature was 700 °C. There is a linear relation between the growth rate and the methane to hydrogen ratio. The effect of the gas pressure on the CNTs was also studied. Our samples were investigated by scanning electron microscope and Raman spectroscopy (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Characterizations of SWNT films to obtain organic optoelectronic device anodes
Authors: Banoukepa G. de Roméo , Antony R. , Colas M. , Ratier B. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractOrganic devices such as solar cells or light emitting diodes (OLEDs) have been intensively studied for the last decade, and have now the potential to reach the market for various applications. Nevertheless, various reports have shown that devices based on Indium Tin Oxide anode present a reduced efficiency due to indium diffusion into organic active layers. In this context, our work focus on the development and the characterization of alternative anodes based on Single Walled Carbon Nanotube (SWNT) Films. In particular, this work is devoted to the morphology and charge transport properties of carbon nanotube thin layers.SWNT films were prepared on glass substrates using the vacuum filtration method reported by Wu et al. As a second step, the films were dipped in a nitric acid and subsequently dried in order to reduce their sheet resistances. Raman spectroscopy is then used to chemically map the film surface, and allow us to assess the homogeneity of the achieved films. Finally, optical and electrical characterizations (measurements of the sheet resistance and optical transmission) provide evidence of a correlation between the quality of the surface and the nature of charge transport occurring in the prepared SWNT films (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Coverage and connectivity guaranteed topology control algorithm for cluster‐based wireless sensor networks
Authors: Xu Ning , Huang Aiping , Hou Ting‐Wei , Chen Hsiao‐Hwa 
Published: January 2010

AbstractOne of the most challenging issues in wireless sensor networks is to meet the requirements of coverage and connectivity under given energy constraints. Most existing coverage and connectivity algorithms work to form tree networks when sensor nodes do not have location information of themselves. However, a tree topology network does not perform well in terms of energy efficiency and scalability if compared with a cluster network. In this paper, a novel topology control algorithm called Adaptive Random Clustering (ARC) is proposed to form a cluster network with required coverage and connectivity without location information. The performance of its coverage intensity and connectivity is analyzed based on the characteristics of cluster topology, and their proper parameters are determined. ARC inherits an excellent energy efficiency from cluster topology and avoids the collisions and overhearing of data packets. A good scalability can be achieved as only a limited number of channels are needed in ARC for a large‐scale network. Furthermore, ARC can adjust the number of active nodes adaptively according to the required coverage to balance the energy consumption. Simulation results demonstrate that required coverage and connectivity can be satisfied and network lifetime is prolonged significantly. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A study on wireless sensor network based indoor positioning systems for context‐aware applications
Authors: Wang Jing , Prasad R. Venkatesha , An Xueli , Niemegeers Ignas G. M. M. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe newer context‐aware applications require many inputs and amongst them the location information is one of the most important. In the near future, we see the potential in using wireless sensors deployed inside buildings to support in generating the location information besides their other routine tasks. This paper records the efforts involved in designing and prototyping a centralized indoor positioning system for tracking a target's position. We present an in‐depth discussion on the RSSI based positioning algorithms both, range‐based and range‐free. Considering that the signal strength can be distorted heavily due to multi‐path and shadowing, we have proposed the weighing schemes to leverage the credibility of the measured RSSI values. For online tracking, we have also proposed boundary selection and local grid scanning to lower the searching time, and the RSSI data dissemination and collection schemes to reduce traffic overhead. Evaluations have been done in both the field measurements and with an RSSI generator. The generator has been developed to simulate and replace the real measurements for the ease of algorithm design and testing, thus avoiding repetitive field measurements. The results show that positioning systems with adequate accuracy can be built with our proposed schemes. We expect that these proposed schemes to be integrated in multitude of systems with context‐aware applications, which use location information. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A cross‐layer framework for multiple access and routing design in wireless multi‐hop networks
Authors: ElBatt Tamer , Andersen Timothy 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn this paper we explore the inherent coupling between MAC and routing in wireless multi‐hop networks attributed to interference. This is primarily motivated by the observation that shortest path routing could potentially lead to degrading the single‐hop MAC throughput which constitutes an upper bound on the end‐to‐end multi‐hop throughput. First, we formulate an optimization problem that maximizes the MAC throughput subject to path length, scheduling, SINR, and power constraints and establish bounds on the optimal performance. Second, we propose a novel cross‐layer routing framework (set‐based routing) that reduces problem complexityviaresolving intra‐ and inter‐set interference among sets of spatially close transmitters. Third, we propose joint routing, scheduling and power control (RSP) to solve the problem within each set. Finally, we show, through simulations, that set‐based routing achieves not only 60% of the optimal performance for plausible scenarios but also up to 50% improvement over a generic reference system that represents a broad class of state‐of‐the‐art protocol stacks and uses minimum hop (MH) routing and collision‐free scheduling with no interaction. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of Aegean Olive Oils by Their Minor Compounds
Authors: Ilyasoglu Huri , Ozcelik Beraat , Van Hoed Vera , Verhe Roland 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis study presents a combined approach of establishing cultivar differences between Aegean olive oils, obtained from economically important olive oil producing cultivars (cv. Ayvalik and Memecik), based on chemometric evaluation of their content and in particular composition of the minor compounds. Evaluation of minor compounds with principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) indicated differentiation according to the cultivars. LDA produced a 100% correct group classification. Moreover, stigmasterol, apparent β‐sitosterol and total sterols were found to have the highest discriminating power. Memecik oils were characterized by the highest content of antioxidant compounds (α‐tocopherol, phenolic compounds and total phenolic compounds). On the other hand, Ayvalik oil had the highest level of total sterols. The data were analyzed statistically to evaluate the differences according to variety and crop season. The minor compounds of Ayvalik and Memecik oils presented statistically significant differences (p < 0.01) according to variety, except for the hydroxytyrosol and clerosterol content. The amount of α‐tocopherol, total phenolic compounds, apparent β‐sitosterol and total sterols varied with respect to crop season. A good correlation was observed between the amount of α‐tocopherol, total phenolic compounds, apparent β‐sitosterol and total sterols and some climatic variables.