bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainable cannabinoids purification through twin-column recycling chromatography and green solvents
Authors: Compagnin Greta , De Luca Chiara , Nosengo Chiara , Catani Martina , Cavazzini Alberto , Greco Giorgia , Krauke Yannick , Felletti Simona 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In the present study, twin-column recycling chromatography has been employed for the purification of a Cannabis extract by using a green solvent, ethanol, as the mobile phase. In particular, the complete removal of the psychoactive tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) from a Cannabis extract rich in cannabidiol (CBD) was achieved under continuous conditions. The performance of the method, in terms of compound purity, recovery, productivity and solvent consumption, was compared to that of traditional batch operations showing the potential of the twin-column recycling approach. The employment of a theoretical model to predict the band profiles of the two compounds during the recycling process has facilitated method development, thus further contributing to process sustainability by avoiding trial and error attempts or at least decreasing the number of steps significantly.

Graphical abstract
Gluten migration from biodegradable food contact materials poses a risk to celiac disease patients
Authors: Mossburger Johanna , Scherf Katharina Anne 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDue to the ban of certain single-use plastics in the European Union, food contact materials (FCM) from biobased and/or biodegradable polymers are increasingly being used. Some FCM are made from wheat or rye and therefore contain gluten, which is a food allergen and known to cause celiac disease. Legislation currently does not require allergen labelling on FCM and there is only some first information that gluten from FCM can migrate into gluten-free foods. Our aim was to analyze the extent of gluten migration from six different FCM into a variety of liquid and solid foods to assess the risk of exposure for wheat allergy and celiac disease patients. We show that the extent of gluten migration depended on the properties of the material, the liquid or solid food it comes into contact with and contact time. There was no clear effect of temperature or pH value. Of the six FCM studied, wheat bran-based plates had the highest potential to release gluten with concentrations of up to 203.0 mg/L of gluten in deionized water after 30 min. To protect patients, it is important to raise awareness of the risk of gluten migration from such FCM and help patients identify and avoid gluten-containing FCM. Further, legislation needs to be adapted urgently to include mandatory labelling of allergens on these biodegradable FCM.
Influence of a magnetic field on the frequency of a laser stabilized to molecular iodine
Authors: Gillot Jonathan , Barbarat Joannès , Philippe Charles , Álvarez-Martínez Héctor , Letargat Rodolphe , Acef Ouali 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe report on the effect of a weak magnetic field applied on an iodine cell used to frequency stabilize a laser. A 1.5 $$\upmu $$
μ
m laser is frequency tripled in order to excite the molecular transitions at 0.51 $$\upmu $$
μ
m and frequency locked on a hyperfine line. With this frequency reference, we report short-term stability about $$3 \times 10^{-14}~\tau ^{-1/2}$$

3
×

10

-
14

τ

-
1
/
2

, with a minimum value of $$4 \times 10^{-15}$$

4
×

10

-
15

at 200 s. The lower part of $$10^{-15}$$

10

-
15

frequency stability domain is reached, in our case, only by adding an efficient magnetic shield around the sealed quartz iodine cell. In order to quantify the Zeeman effect, we applied magnetic fields of several $$\times 10^{-4}$$

×

10

-
4

T on the cell containing the iodine vapour. The Zeeman effect affects the lineshape transition in such a way that we observe a modification of the laser frequency. We have measured this linear Zeeman shift at $$(1062\pm 6) \times 10^{4}$$

(
1062
±
6
)

×

10
4

Hz/T for the a1 hyperfine component of the R(34) 44-0 transition, near 514 nm by applying a magnetic field along the cell. Thus, in case of uncontrolled magnetic fields of an order of magnitude of 1$$ \times 10^{-4}$$

×

10

-
4

T, the frequency stability is limited in the upper of the $$10^{-14}$$

10

-
14

domain.
Utility of the modified 5-item frailty index as a predictor of postoperative febrile urinary tract infection in patients who underwent ureteroscopy with laser lithotripsy
Authors: Tasaka Shinsaku , Kohada Yuki , Ikeda Mikio , Kanaoka Ryuhei , Hayashi Mutsuo , Hinata Nobuyuki 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to assess the effect of the modified 5-item frailty index on perioperative complications and surgical outcomes in patients who underwent ureteroscopy with laser lithotripsy for upper urinary tract stones.

Methods
Patients who underwent ureteroscopy with laser lithotripsy for upper urinary tract stones between 2019 and 2022 were reviewed retrospectively. Assessment was performed using the modified 5-item frailty index based on medical history (hypertension, diabetes, heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and functional status. Patients were categorized into the high (≥ 2) and low (≤ 1) modified 5-item frailty index groups based on the frailty score. We compared the perioperative complications and surgical outcomes between the two groups.

Results
Seventy-one (15.8%) and 393 (84.1%) of the 467 patients were classified into the high and low modified 5-item frailty index groups, respectively. The high modified 5-item frailty index group exhibited a significant association with increased febrile urinary tract infections compared to the low modified 5-item frailty index group [≥ 37.8 °C: 15 (20.3%) vs 13 (3.3%), p < 0.001; ≥ 38 °C: 9 (12.2%) vs 7 (1.8%), p < 0.001]. Surgical outcomes, including operative time and stone-free rate, did not differ significantly between the two groups.

Conclusion
The modified 5-item frailty index is valuable for predicting postoperative complications, particularly febrile urinary tract infections, after ureteroscopy with laser lithotripsy for upper urinary tract stones. This index allows for practical preoperative risk assessment in patients who underwent ureteroscopy with laser lithotripsy.
Gesundheitsökonomische Evaluation einer rehabilitativen Kurzzeitpflege
Authors: Diekmann S. , zur Nieden P. , Pahmeier K. , Frankenhauser-Mannuß J. , Keilhauer A. , Specht-Leible N. , Bauer J. , Hüer T. , Raszke P. , Walendzik A. , Wasem J. , Neumann A. 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Geriatrische Patient:innen mit Rehabilitationsbedarf, die im Anschluss an einen akutstationären Aufenthalt in Kurzzeitpflege (KZP) gehen, erhalten selten Rehabilitation. Die rehabilitative Kurzzeitpflege (REKUP) erweitert die KZP um rehabilitative Maßnahmen, u. a. um Dauerpflege (DP) zu vermeiden.

Ziel der Arbeit
Eine Kosten- und Kosten-Effektivität-Analyse sollen Informationen für eine flächendeckende Anwendung liefern.

Material und Methoden
Mittels einer nichtrandomisierten, kontrollierten prospektiven Studie wurde REKUP erprobt. Der Interventionsgruppe (IG) wurde eine Kontrollgruppe (KG) mittels 1:2-Matching zugewiesen, wobei 3 Kollektive (jeweils IG und KG) gebildet wurden, mit Nachbeobachtungszeiträumen von 30, 90 und 180 Tagen. Die durchschnittlichen Gesamtkosten aus Kostenträgerperspektive wurden anhand von Abrechnungsdaten der AOK Baden-Württemberg ermittelt. Ein möglicher Einfluss der Intervention auf die Kosten wurde unter Verwendung des Difference-in-difference-Ansatzes analysiert.

Ergebnisse
Die Analyse schließt 43 (IG) und 86 (KG) geriatrische Patient:innen ein. Im Postzeitraum nahmen Patient:innen der IG häufiger eine Reha in Anspruch und gingen weniger häufig in DP bzw. verstarben. Die Analyse der Kosten im Postzeitraum zeigte in allen Kollektiven keinen statistisch signifikanten Unterschied zwischen IG und KG. Für Pflege und Arzneimittel waren im Postzeitraum die Kosten der KG, im Bereich der Rehabilitation die Kosten der IG statistisch signifikant höher (p < 0,001).

Diskussion
Patient:innen der IG hatten bei gleichen Kosten Vorteile in Bezug auf die Inanspruchnahme von Rehabilitation, Vermeidung von DP und Versterben. Dies weist auf eine mögliche Vorteilhaftigkeit von REKUP in der Zielpopulation hin, die aufgrund methodischer Einschränkungen weiter erforscht werden sollte.
Periosteal wrapping of the hamstring tendon autograft improves graft healing and prevents tunnel widening after anterior cruciate ligament anatomic reconstruction
Authors: Helal Ahmed , El-Gebaly Osama , Hamed Hany , Omran Ali M. , ELForse ElSayed 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The periosteum is a readily available tissue at the hamstring harvest site that could be utilized to enhance graft healing and prevent tunnel widening without additional cost or morbidity. This study aimed to compare graft healing using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and functional clinical outcome scores in a matched cohort of patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with hamstring autografts with or without periosteal augmentation.

Material and methods
Forty-eight patients who underwent ACL reconstruction (ACLR) were prospectively enrolled: 25 with standard ACLR (ST-ACLR) and 23 with periosteal augmented grafts (PA-ACLR). The same surgical techniques, fixation methods, and postoperative protocol were used in both groups. Signal-to-noise quotient (SNQ), graft healing at the bone-graft interface, graft signal according to the Howell scale, and femoral tunnel widening were evaluated using MRI after 1 year of follow-up. International knee documentation score (IKDC), Lysholm, Tegner activity scale, and visual analog scale for pain were used for functional evaluation at a minimum of 2 years postoperative.

Results
The mean SNQ of the proximal part of the graft was 9.6 ± 9.2 and 2.9 ± 3.3 for the ST-ACLR and PA-ACLR groups, respectively (P = 0.005). The mean femoral tunnel widening was 30.3% ± 18.3 and 2.3% ± 9.9 for the ST-ACLR, PA-ACLR groups, respectively (P < 0.001). Complete graft tunnel healing was observed in 65% and 28% of cases in the PA-ACLR and ST-ACLR groups, respectively. Both groups showed marked improvements in functional scores, with no statistically significant differences.

Conclusion
Periosteal wrapping of hamstring tendon autografts is associated with better graft healing and maturation and lower incidence of femoral tunnel widening based on MRI analysis 1 year after ACL reconstruction. However, patient-reported outcomes and measured laxity were similar between the two groups at 2 years follow up.

Trial registration
Trail registration number: PACTR202308594339018, date of registration: 1/5/2023, retrospectively registered at the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (pactr.samrc.ac.za) database.
Evaluation and management of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy: a national survey
Authors: Bialer Omer Y. , Stiebel-Kalish Hadas 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The evaluation and management of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION) lacks standardized guidelines. This study aimed to investigate the real-world practices of neuro-ophthalmologists in the evaluation and management of typical NAION cases.

Methods
A national survey, conducted between 2019 and 2021, involved all practicing neuro-ophthalmologists. A structured questionnaire assessed their approach to risk factor evaluation and treatment of NAION, with 19 questions about risk factors and six questions concerning treatment and prevention of fellow-eye involvement.

Results
Thirty-six out of 37 neuro-ophthalmologists participated. Most physicians referred patients for evaluation of the following risk factors: obstructive sleep apnea (83.3%), diabetes mellitus (83.3%), hypertension (77.7%), dyslipidemia (72.2%), and optic disc drusen (38.8%). However, there was considerable variation in the choice of diagnostic tests recommended. Furthermore, nearly 47% recommended an embolism workup. Regarding treatment, the majority (91%) did not recommend routine treatment for NAION, although in 16.7%, high-dose corticosteroids were occasionally prescribed. Secondary prevention with aspirin (80.6%), smoking cessation advice (86.1%), and advising against erectile dysfunction medications for men (80.6%) were common recommendations.

Conclusion
While the risk factors associated with NAION are well-reported, there is a lack of uniformity on which tests should be ordered to evaluate these risk factors. Most neuro-ophthalmologists concur that routine treatment for NAION is not warranted, but not unanimously. Future studies to develop a consensus guideline for post-NAION work-up and management recommendations may assist in the detection and management of preventable risk factors.
Stroma AReactive Invasion Front Areas (SARIFA) predict poor survival in adenocarcinomas of the stomach and gastrooesophageal junction: a validation study
Authors: Ulase Dita , Behrens Hans-Michael , Röcken Christoph 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRecently, the presence of “Stroma AReactive Invasion Front Areas” (SARIFA) has been described as a promising adverse prognostic factor in gastric cancer. However, the validity of this approach still needs to be tested. The aim of this study was to independently assess the utility of the proposed method in a well-characterised cohort of primary resected adenocarcinomas of stomach and gastrooesophageal junction (n = 392). SARIFA status was analysed on routine slides of resection specimens. Cases were divided into SARIFA-positive and negative groups and analysed in relation to clinicopathological and survival data. SARIFA positivity was found in 15.1% (n = 59) cases and was significantly associated with Lauren phenotype (p < 0.001), pT (p = 0.001), pN (p = 0.018), UICC stage (p = 0.031), tumour budding (p = 0.002), overall survival (p < 0.001) and cancer-specific survival (p < 0.001). SARIFA-positive tumours had a worse prognosis in the multivariate setting (HR = 1.847, 95% CI: 1.300–2.624, p = 0.001). SARIFA status is an independent prognostic factor in gastric cancer, in particular in locally advanced tumours.
Utilizing a structure-based virtual screening approach to discover potential LSD1 inhibitors
Authors: Fan Zhehao , Liu Xiaofeng , Wang Ning , Yu Shiyi , Bi Caili , Si Yue , Ling Xinyue , Liu Chenxu , Wang Jingcheng , Sun Haibo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is highly expressed in a variety of malignant tumors, rendering it a crucial epigenetic target for anti-tumor therapy. Therefore, the inhibition of LSD1 activity has emerged as a promising innovative therapeutic approach for targeted cancer treatment.

Methods
In our study, we employed innovative structure-based drug design methods to meticulously select compounds from the ZINC15 database. Utilizing virtual docking, we evaluated docking scores and binding modes to identify potential inhibitors. To further validate our findings, we harnessed molecular dynamic simulations and conducted meticulous biochemical experiments to deeply analyze the binding interactions between the protein and compounds.

Results
Our results showcased that ZINC10039815 exhibits an exquisite binding mode with LSD1, fitting perfectly into the active pocket and forming robust interactions with multiple critical residues of the protein.

Conclusions
With its significant inhibitory effect on LSD1 activity, ZINC10039815 emerges as a highly promising candidate for the development of novel LSD1 inhibitors.
Zwischen fachlichen Standards und wilder Innovation: Zur Begutachtung von Big Data- und KI-Projekten in Forschungs-Ethikkommissionen
Authors: Brenneis Andreas , Gehring Petra , Lamadé Annegret 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungIn der Medizin (wie auch in anderen Fächern) wächst generell die Bedeutung informatischer Expertise. Schon das erfordert eine Kultur interdisziplinärer Begutachtung, auf welche medizinische Ethikkommissionen nicht gut eingestellt sind. Mit dem Einsatz von Big Data- und KI-Verfahren (sei es eigens entwickelter, sei es in Form von „Tools“) sind weitere Herausforderungen für die forschungsethische Begutachtung verbunden. Die Autoren schildern die Problemlage und schlagen vor, sie durch Verfahrensänderungen zu lösen. Besser als die Befassung zweier Kommissionen scheint eine Begutachtung geeignet zu sein, die von vornherein interdisziplinär verfährt. Das zöge allerdings die Forderung nach sich, die Zusammensetzung medizinischer Ethikkommissionen zu ändern. Weil Fragen nach der Organisation forschungsethischer Begutachtungen auch solche nach Kriterien aufrufen, denen diese zu folgen hat, stellt der Beitrag zudem erste Schritte zu einer Konsolidierung der Kriterien für eine forschungsethische Begutachtung von Big Data- und KI-Projekten vor.
The development of posterior reduction forceps for atlantoaxial dislocation and its preliminary application in irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation
Authors: Ma Xiangyang , Zou Xiaobao , Chen Junlin , Yang Haozhi , Ma Rencai , Chen Zexin , Cai Mandi , Xia Hong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective
To develop posterior reduction forceps for atlantoaxial dislocation and evaluate the preliminary clinical application of this forceps in assisting simple posterior screw-rod system reduction and fixation in the treatment of irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation.

Methods
Based on the posterior atlantoaxial screw-rod system, posterior reduction forceps was developed to assist simple posterior screw-rod system for the treatment of irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation. From January 2021 to October 2022, 10 cases with irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation were treated with this technique. The Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score was applied before and after surgery to evaluate the neurological status of the patient, and the Atlanto-dental interval (ADI) was measured before and after surgery to evaluate the atlantoaxial reduction. X-ray and CT were performed to evaluate internal fixation, atlantoaxial sequence and bone graft fusion during regular follow-up. MRI was performed to evaluate the status of atlantoaxial reduction and spinal cord compression after surgery.

Results
All 10 patients were successfully operated, and there were no complications such as spinal nerve and vascular injury. Postoperative clinical symptoms were significantly relieved in all patients, and postoperative JOA score and ADI were significantly improved compared with those before surgery (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
The developed posterior reduction forceps for atlantoaxial dislocation can assist the simple posterior screw-rod system in the treatment of irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation to avoid the release in anterior or posterior approach and reduce the difficulty of surgery. The preliminary results of this technique are satisfactory and it has a good application prospect.
Long-term trend and variability in surface temperatures over Emilia-Romagna from 1962 to 2022
Authors: Sabatani Davide , Pavan Valentina , Grazzini Federico , Antolini Gabriele 
Published: May 2024

AbstractScientific interest is increasingly drawn towards regional meteorological extremes, given their impacts on populations, infrastructure, and ecosystems. These extremes are shaped by complex interactions between internal climate variability and long-term trends. The aim of the present work is to evaluate changes in high-frequency variability and the influence of long-term trends on the frequency of occurrences of extremes, with a focus on surface temperatures over the period from 1962 to 2022 in Emilia-Romagna, a region of Northern Italy. Daily data of 2 m air temperatures averaged over the region are retrieved from ERACLITO, a high-resolution climate analysis. The distributions of daily temperature anomalies show a general broadening in 1992–2022 with respect to 1962–1991. This is true for maximum, minimum, and mean daily surface temperatures, especially during the summer and spring seasons. A significant warming trend of 0.37 °C/decade is detected in annual mean surface temperatures over the period considered. The study is completed with a comparison between the observed frequency of record-breaking annual temperature events, a hypothetical stationary climate distribution and a theoretical derivation that accounts for changes in trends and variability. During the last decade, the theoretical count of extreme events is 1.26, which yields a likelihood of 86% that this is owed to the trend rather than interannual variability. Idealized experiments demonstrate that the expected occurrences of record-breaking events in future decades depend on the warming rate rather than the warming level. Finally, an analysis performed at seasonal level shows that the majority (minority) of record events are occurring in the summer (spring) seasons.
Aging and real estate prices in Germany
Authors: Breidenbach Philipp , Jäger Philipp , Taruttis Lisa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractExploiting regional heterogeneity in population dynamics across more than 10,000 municipalities in Germany, we provide robust empirical evidence that population aging depresses real estate prices and rents. Using millions of individual real estate listings and detailed demographic data at the municipality level, we estimate that average sales prices in 2020 would have been up to 12% higher if the population age distribution had been the same as in 2008. We show that population aging not only reduces prices but also increases the availability of real estate. In addition, we document substantial heterogeneity in price responses across dwelling type, property characteristics, and urban-rural status, suggesting that lower housing demand and life-cycle dissaving are driving our results. We predict that population aging will continue to exert downward pressure on house prices and exacerbate regional disparities in Germany.
Short and sweet: multiple mini case studies as a form of rigorous case study research
Authors: Käss Sebastian , Brosig Christoph , Westner Markus , Strahringer Susanne 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCase study research is one of the most widely used research methods in Information Systems (IS). In recent years, an increasing number of publications have used case studies with few sources of evidence, such as single interviews per case. While there is much methodological guidance on rigorously conducting multiple case studies, it remains unclear how researchers can achieve an acceptable level of rigour for this emerging type of multiple case study with few sources of evidence, i.e., multiple mini case studies. In this context, we synthesise methodological guidance for multiple case study research from a cross-disciplinary perspective to develop an analytical framework. Furthermore, we calibrate this analytical framework to multiple mini case studies by reviewing previous IS publications that use multiple mini case studies to provide guidelines to conduct multiple mini case studies rigorously. We also offer a conceptual definition of multiple mini case studies, distinguish them from other research approaches, and position multiple mini case studies as a pragmatic and rigorous approach to research emerging and innovative phenomena in IS.