bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The phenomenon of psychological reliability of the testimony of a minor participant in criminal proceedings
Authors: Tuzova A. A. , Gaivoronskaya L. V. 
Published: May 2024

This article provides a justification for the insolvency of the phenomenon of psychological reliability of the testimony of a minor participant in criminal proceedings in the light of current legislation and the existing level of scientific development. The study contains an analysis of the proposed concepts of psychological reliability, as well as foreign experience in their application.The main reason for the illegality of the appointment and production of expert examinations of the reliability of the testimony of minors is that the expert is not classified by the criminal procedure law as a subject of evidence assessment. In addition, the results of investigative actions cannot be the subject of expertise within the meaning of the norms of Federal Law No. 73-FZ “On State Forensic expertise in the Russian Federation”.The conclusions based on the results of the reliability examinations cannot be called justified due to the lack of a sufficiently developed scientific and practical base for such studies.The authors present a legally acceptable and effective form of using special knowledge in the process of forming, using and evaluating the testimony of juvenile participants in criminal proceedings. It is proposed to identify the individual psychological characteristics of a minor through expert research in order to further take these results into account by appropriate assessment subjects when deciding on reliability.
KESELAMATAN SEBAGAI LAYANAN PALING PENTING HASIL ANALISIS KUESIONER LAYANAN BUS TRANS METRO DEWATA BALI
Authors: Wardana I Putu Gede Nova , Habibah Chavia Maulina , Maheswari Ni Kadek Yunika , Mardikawati Budi 
Published: May 2024

Public transport accessibility is one of the solutions to dealing with traffic jams in Bali's tourism and urban areas. The government realizes this effort by providing Trans Metro Dewata services as part of the bus network. This study aims to determine the most dominant factor for the Trans Metro Dewata Bali Bus service. The method used is a quantitative method. The data comes from primary sources, such as load factor surveys and bus service quality. The bus service quality survey consists of two parts, namely, user characteristics and service factors. Characteristic data were analyzed using the chi-square independence test to determine the effect of characteristics on the intensity and purpose of the trip. Furthermore, a service quality survey is analyzed, looking for services with the highest percentage. The analysis results show that recent education, income, and employment affect the intensity and purpose of the trip. In the analysis of service quality, safety is the factor with the highest percentage of respondents' choice. The benefits of the study can be used to improve the Trans Metro Dewata Bus Management Service.
ABSTRAK
Aksesibilitas angkutan umum menjadi salah satu solusi menghadapi kemacetan di wilayah pariwisata dan perkotaan Bali. Usaha ini diwujudkan pemerintah melalui penyediaan jasa Trans Metro Dewata sebagai bagian dari teman bus. Tujuan kajian mengetahui faktor layanan Bus Trans Metro Dewata Bali paling dominan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan berasal dari data primer, berupa survei load faktor dan kualitas layanan bus. Survei kualitas layanan bus terdiri 2 bagian, yaitu karakteristik pengguna dan faktor layanan. Data karakteristik dianalisis menggunakan uji independensi chi-kuadrat, untuk mengetahui pengaruh karakteristik terhadap intensitas dan tujuan perjalanan. Selanjutnya, survei kualitas layanan dianalisis mencari layanan dengan persentase tertinggi. Hasil analisis diketahui pendidikan terakhir, pendapatan, dan pekerjaan berpengaruh terhadap intensitas dan tujuan perjalanan. Pada analisis kualitas layanan, keselamatan merupakan faktor persentase tertinggi pilihan responden. Manfaat kajian dapat digunakan perbaikan layanan pengelola Bus Trans Metro Dewata.
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Authors: Choirullah Ahmad Farhan 
Published: May 2024

This study explain about applying of ta’zir in the form of deathpenalty to misdemeanor narcotic seller perspective Islamic law. While, themetodologi in this study used descriptive analysis to explain syariah propositionsand argument of muslim scholars. The results of this study reveal thatmuslimscholarscompromised to enable applyingof ta’zir in the form of death penalty tomisdemeanor narcotic seller were caused there is compatibility among penaltyand deed of misdemeanor also impact of that crime. Besides, applyingof deathpenalty to narcotic seller perspective Islamic lawnot to controvert with humanrights is right to life. That penalty believed can be chary effect for civil society fornot to do similar misdemeanor. Misdemeanor narcotic is one of extraordinarycrime. So, needed the best treatment to minimize flare of narcotic circle inyoung generation.

Kajian ini menjelaskan tentang penerapan ta’zir dalam bentukhukuman mati terhadap pelaku tindak pidana penjualan narkotika dalamperspektif syariah Islam. Sedangkan metodologi yang digunakan dalam kajianini analisis deskriptif untuk menerangkan dalil-dalil syar’i dan argumentasipara ulama.Adapun hasil yang ditemukan dalam kajian ini mengungkap bahwapara ulama Islam bersepakat membolehkan penerapan ta’zir dalam bentukhukuman mati terhadap pelaku tindak pidana penjualan narkotika, hal inidikarenakan terdapatnya kesesuaian antara hukuman dan perbuatan pelakutindak pidana serta dampak yang ditimbulkan atas kejahatannya tersebut.Selainitu, penerapan pidana mati terhadap penjual narkotika dilihat dari segi tujuanundang-undang jinayah Islam tidak bertentangan dengan hak asasi manusiayaitu hak untuk hidup, dan hukuman ini diyakini mampu untuk membuatefek jera bagi masyarakat umum agar tidak melakukan tindak pidana yangsemacamnya.Tindak pidana narkotika merupakan salah satu bentuk kejahatanluar biasa (extra-ordinary crime), oleh sebab itu diperlukan penanganan yangoptimal untuk meminimalisir maraknya peredaran narkotika di kalangangenerasi muda.
Reference Evapotranspiration in Climate Change Scenarios in Mato Grosso, Brazil
Authors: Sabino Marlus , Silva Andréa Carvalho da , Almeida Frederico Terra de , Souza Adilson Pacheco de 
Published: May 2024

The understanding of spatiotemporal variations in reference evapotranspiration (ETo) and its long-term trends is of paramount importance for water cycle studies, modeling, and water resource management, especially in the context of climate change. Therefore, the primary aim of this study is to critically evaluate the performance of various CMIP5 global climate models in simulating the Penman-Monteith reference evapotranspiration and its associated climate variables (maximum and minimum air temperature, incident solar radiation, relative humidity, and wind speed). This evaluation is based on data from nine climate models and 33 automatic meteorological stations (EMA) in the state of Mato Grosso, spanning the period 2007-2020. The statistical metrics used for evaluation include Bias, root mean square error, and Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients. The projections of the most accurate model were then used to analyze the spatial and temporal changes and trends in ETo under the RCP 2.6, 4.5, and RCP 8.5 scenarios from 2007 to 2100. The HadGEM2-ES model projections indicate static averages similar to current conditions until the end of the century in the RCP 2.6 scenario. However, in the RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios, there is a continuous increase in ETo, with the most significant increase occurring during the dry period (May to September). The areas of the Amazon biome in the north of Mato Grosso exhibit the largest increases in ETo when comparing the observed (2007-2020) and projected (2020-2100) averages. The trend analysis reveals significant changes in ETo and its variables across the state of Mato Grosso in the RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. In the RCP 2.6 scenario, significant trends in ETo are observed only in the northern Amazon areas. Despite not being observed in all AWSs, the trend analysis of the observed data demonstrates more intense changes in ETo and the existence of the evapotranspiration paradox with an increase in the Cerrado areas and reductions in the Pantanal and southern Amazon areas.
Activated Carbon Prepared from Waste Coffee Grounds: Characterization and Adsorption Properties of Dyes
Authors: Aouay Ferielle , Afef Attia , Damak Lasaad , Ben Amar Raja , Deratani Andre 
Published: May 2024

Spent coffee grounds (SCG) have great potential as a useful, value-added biological material. In this context, activated carbon (AC) was prepared from SCG by an activation process using H3PO4 at 600°C in air and used as an adsorbent for the azo dye AO7, a model molecule for dye colorants found in textile industry effluents. X-ray diffraction, SEM and BET revealed that the AC was predominantly amorphous, consisting of a powder of 20-100 µm particles with mesopores averaging 5.5 nm in pore size. Adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order law, while the Langmuir model best fitted experimental isotherm data (maximum capacity of 119.5 mg AO7 per AC g). Thermodynamic parameters revealed that adsorption was endothermic and spontaneous. All the characterizations indicated that adsorption occurred by physisorption via mainly - interactions. The best experimental removal efficiency optimized by means of a Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology was 98% for an initial AO7 concentration of 20 mg.L-1 at pH 7.5 with a dose of 0.285 g.L-1 of AC and a contact time of 40 min. These results clearly show that activated carbon prepared from SCG can be a useful material for efficiently removing organic matter from aqueous solutions.
Screening and Industry of Bacterial L-glutaminase as an Anticancer Agent from Different Soil Environments in Egypt
Authors: Kassab Mohammed Mahmoud Shawky 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Breast cancer and other neoplasms like acute lymphocytic leukemia pose a serious threat to public health worldwide. Treatment for malignancies including acute lymphocytic leukemia and breast cancer requires enzymes that break down L-glutamine. An amidohydrolase called L-glutaminase can be an effective chemotherapeutic tool for treating various cancers.
Methods:
On mineral L-glutamine agar selective medium (MGA), a few bacterial isolates were examined in the current investigation to see if they produced L-glutaminase. However, the most effective positive bacterial isolates generating L-glutaminase were identified using morphological and biochemical testing. Molecular detection using the direct Southern blotting approach was also used to determine the main positive isolate that produces L-glutaminase. L-glutaminase synthesis by bacteria was evaluated for its characteristics. Using an MTT test, the anticancer activity was evaluated.
Results:
exclusive bacterial isolates that used L-glutamine as their sole source of metabolic nitrogen exhibited favorable growth on MGA. PH 7.4 and a temperature of 37 0C were the ideal environmental and physiological conditions for developing positive bacterial isolates. From the soil samples taken from various soil conditions in Egypt, the morphological and biochemical analyses showed that Bacillus cereus 14579 was the main positive bacterial generating L-glutaminase isolate. At a pH of 7.4 and a temperature of 37 °C, the following activators—KCL, ZnSO4, FeSO4, K2HPO4, and MgSO4—provided the high-grade circumstances for characterizing L-glutaminase synthesis. Bacillus cereus-produced L-glutaminase has shown excellent bioavailability and effectiveness as an anticancer therapy.

The yield [productivity] was 5.2 U/ml during the original manufacture from MGA, but it increased to 42.96 U/ ml by bacterial recombinant DNA manufacturing. The molecular mass of L-glutaminase was roughly 37 KDa. L-glutaminase was purified, yielding final enzyme recovery of 55 1.23%, total activity 12,990± 19.76 ( U), specific activity 384.66± 8.92( U/ mg of protein), and purification fold 2± 2.99. Furthermore, the L-glutaminase activity was raised by 19%, 23%, 15%, and 9%, respectively, by the enzymatic activators Mn2+, K+, Na+, and Fe3+. It demonstrated strong DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 = 61 μg/ mL) and anticancer activity( IC50 = 40.72, 9.7, 7.39, 20.61, 51.28, and 11.55 μg/ mL, respectively) against human liver (HepG-2), colon ( HCT-116), breast ( MCF-7), lung( A-549), lymphocytic( CCL-120), and cervical( Hela) cancer cell lines. A stronger affinity for its substrate was shown by the kinetic parameters of Km and Vmax, which were 13.2 10-5 M and 119.86 μmol/ ml/ min, respectively.
Conclusion:
Acute lymphocytic leukemia and breast cancer are examples of auxotrophic malignancies for which L-glutamine serves as the only metabolic source, and L-glutaminase generated by Bacillus cereus was an appropriate enzyme in the therapy of these diseases.
Improving the efficiency of industrial samples of silicon solar elements
Authors: Zaitsev Roman , Kirichenko Mikhail , Minakova Kseniia , Drozdov Anton , Shkoda Dmytro 
Published: May 2024

Possibilities of increasing the efficiency by more than 20 % for silicon photoelectric converters made in China have been investigated. It has been established by the method of computer simulation that the life-times of nonequilibrium charge carriers, which are 520 μs, realized in such photoelectric converters, do not limit the possibility of increasing their efficiency by more than 20 %. It is shown that an increase in the photocurrent density to 43.1 mA/cm2 leads to an increase in efficiency to 20.1 %, and a decrease in the diode saturation current density to 3.1∙10-14 A/cm2 leads to an increase in efficiency to 20.4 %. Simultaneous change of these diode characteristics leads to an increase in efficiency to 23.1 %. The paper proposes physical and technological approaches to increase the photocurrent density and reduce the diode saturation current density in ready-made photovoltaic converters. The study of the influence of operating temperature on the efficiency of crystalline silicon photoelectric converters is carried out in the article. It is shown that with increasing operating temperature the relative decrease in the efficiency of single-crystal devices is –0.7 relative %/C, which is significantly higher than in the instrument structures of European production and due to non-traditional decrease in short-circuit current density. Mathematical modeling of the influence of light-emitting diode characteristics on the efficiency of crystalline silicon solar cells showed that the decrease in the efficiency of instrument structures with increasing operating temperature is due not only to an increase in diode saturation current density from 10-13 A to 3·10-13 A, which is 300 %, but also by reducing the shunt resistance from 2.5 kOhm to 1.5 kOhm. A study of the effect of operating temperature on the diode saturation current showed that the height of the potential barrier in the studied silicon photovoltaic converters is 0.87 eV, due to the insufficient level of doping of the base material. The limited height of the potential barrier leads to an unconventional decrease in the shunt resistance with increasing operating temperature.
Service life estimation, failure mechanisms, and specifications of galvanic anodes for corroding reinforced concrete structures
Authors: Manickam Karthikeyan , Pillai Radhakrishna 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Cathodic protection using galvanic anodes is a proven technique to control or prevent corrosion of steel in reinforced concrete structures. However, huge variations have been observed in the properties of various galvanic anodes available in the concrete repair market and their resulting performance. This work assessed the performance of five commercially available galvanic anodes using an earlier developed Galvanic Anode Performance (GAP) test. In addition, a methodology to estimate the guaranteed minimum service life (SLmin) of galvanic anodes in concrete systems exposed to specific environmental conditions is developed. This methodology involves the determination of electrochemical capacity (i.e., total electrical charge drawn) of galvanic anodes and the corrosion rate of galvanic anodes using potentiostatic scans. It was found that the average SLmin of the five anodes tested under severe laboratory exposure conditions (Relative humidity of 100% and temperature of 25 ± 2 ºC) ranged from about 3 months to 7 years – indicating huge variation in the quality of various galvanic anodes. The analysis of the physico-chemical characteristics of the encapsulating mortar of pristine and aged galvanic anodes showed that the average SLmin depends on the pH, activator content, total pore volume, and critical pore entry diameter of the encapsulating mortar and is irrespective of the mass of zinc. Also, the failure mechanisms of galvanic anodes observed during the GAP test are conceptualized and correlated to the properties of encapsulating mortar. Finally, a set of prescriptive and performance specifications for the selection of galvanic anode systems to achieve a target service life of repair is presented.
Early versus late pancreatic stent placement for preventing post-ERCP pancreatitis: protocol of a multicentre randomised clinical trial
Authors: Wang Shaofei , Bai Bingqing , hong Jianglong , Xu Wei , Shen Zongyi , Xue Yongju , Zhang Yan , Li Mengwen , Ge Xiaoyuan , Zhang Weiping , Jie Lei , Shi Chen , Hu Cui , Wang Bingbing , Ding Hao , Li Suwen , Li Dapeng , Lu Qifeng , Li Yang , Liu Xiaochang , Hong Rutao , Mei Qiao , Bao Junjun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:Pancreatic stenting has been shown to effectively lower the occurrence of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) and reduce its severity. To date, no evidence exists to determine the optimal timing for pancreatic stent placement in prospective trials. Our aim is to compare early versus late pancreatic stent placement in preventing PEP among patients with naive papilla.
Methods/Design: The EVL (Early stenting vs. Late stenting) trial is a multi-centre, single-blind, randomized, and controlled trial. All patients with difficult biliary cannulation undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with pancreatic guidewire-assisted technique for biliary access will be told about the opportunity to participate in EVL research. In total, 768 patients will be randomly assigned (1:1) to two arms: (1) early pancreatic stent placement (EPSP) (a pancreatic stent will be placed immediately after endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) or endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST)) and (2) late pancreatic stent placement (LPSP) (a pancreatic stent will be placed after all completion of therapeutic biliary procedures, e.g. biliary stone removal or drainage). The primary outcome is the rate and severity of PEP. The secondary outcomes are hyperamylasemia, the rate of stenting success, and other ERCP-related adverse events (AEs).
Discussion: The EVL trial will provide essential answers regarding the optimal timing of prophylactic pancreatic stent placement in PEP prevention. Our findings could change ERCP outcomes and practices.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.govNCT06250803. Registered on February 9, 2024.
Fatigue May Predict Thrombocytopenic Episodes in ITP
Authors: Lakhwani Sunil Lakhwani , Pérez Cristina Elena Hernandez , Pedro Carlos González , González Marta Mora , Pinilla Belén Pérez , Reyes Sandra Iraheta , Salazar María José Rodríguez , García Miguel T. Hernández 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

We conducted an observational and retrospective study to determine whether fatigue could predict thrombocytopenic episodes in ITP and whether improvement in fatigue could predict platelet response. Data were collected from clinical records and a survey. We included 82 patients with ITP who had at least one relapse. Fatigue was present in 45 patients (54.9%), of whom 19 (23.2%) reported that fatigue preceded the episode (median 15 days prior) and 18 patients (21.9%) reported that fatigue resolved prior to response confirmation (median 4 days prior). In conclusion, fatigue may predict relapse or response in approximately 1 in 5 patients with ITP.
Synthesis of heterostructure ferromagnetic photocatalyst FMMWCNTs@GLYMO@WO3 and its performance for photodegradation of metronidazole and acetaminophen in water
Authors: Ghasemzadeh Maryam Sadat , Ahmadpour Ali 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The presence of metronidazole (MNZ) and acetaminophen (ACE) in aquatic environments has raised growing concerns regarding their potential impact on human health. Incorporating various patterns into a photolytic material is considered a key approach to achieve enhanced photocatalytic efficiency in the photocatalysis process. In this study, WO3 nanoparticles, which were immobilized onto ferromagnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes that were functionalized using (3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (FMMWCNTs@GLYMO@WO3), exhibited remarkable efficiency in removing MNZ and ACE (93% and 97%) in only 15 min. In addition, the new visible-light FMMWCNTs@GLYMO@WO3 nanoparticles as a magnetically separable photocatalyst were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), EDS-mapping, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) due to detailed studies (morphological, structural, magnetic and optical properties) of the photocatalyst. The evaluation of optimal parameters, for example, concentration, amount of photocatalyst, and pH was conducted. The mechanistic study of ACE degradation presented the considerable contribution of electrons and holes in the photocatalytic reaction of photocatalysts. Furthermore, following five regeneration cycles, FMMWCNTs@GLYMO@WO3 NPs showed high performance as a ferromagnetic photocatalyst for the sustainable degradation of MNZ and ACE, achieving degradation rates of 86% and 89%, respectively.
Accumulation, contamination, health and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in landfill soil: Case study of Shiraz city in the Middle East
Authors: Ghandeharizadeh Ali , Dehghani mansooreh , Azhdarpoor Abolfazl , Hashemi Hassan , Haghighi Azadeh Binai , Shamsedini Narges 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Population concentration in metropolitan areas generates and disposes of substantial quantities of waste with varying compositions. Transporting this waste to landfills produces leachate, which causes harmful heavy metal pollution. In this study, seven soil sampling stations were established at Shiraz Engineering Landfill, with five additional stations near residential areas. Sampling occurred during low and high rainfall seasons. The Aqua Regia method determined heavy metal concentrations. The share of these heavy metals in landfill soil was as follows: 42.20% for Ni, 29.06% for Cr, 17.42% for Cu, 7.24% for Co, 3.95% for As, and only 0.13% for Cd metal. The average pollution load index in the analyzed soils was 2.58 and it showed the High level of pollution of these soils. The ecological risk index for residential areas and most landfill locations (excluding the recycling plant) fell within the low pollution category. The results of the non-carcinogenic risk assessment indicated that the hazard index (HI) for all heavy metals in the soil samples of the study area was 0.3933 for children and 0.0854 for adults. These values suggest that workers at the landfill site and children and adults residing near the site are not exposed to short-term risks associated with heavy metals. The chronic and long-term carcinogenic risk (TCR) for the studied heavy metals in the landfill soil exceeded the threshold of 1×10-4 for both adults and children, indicating an unacceptable and dangerous risk to human health. For soil samples from residential areas, the TCR value for children was 1.30×10-4, indicating the risk of carcinogenesis specifically for children.