bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE PREVALENCE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AMONG CHILDREN IN GEMLIK (TURKEY)
Authors: Okun N. , Okan M. , Erulp O. , Aytekin A. H. 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARYWith a descriptive survey, the authors tried to ascertain the prevalence of certain neurological disorders among children aged up to five years. Questionnaires were administered to mothers and their children were divided into two groups (559 children): neurologically healthy and suspect. Suspect children were examined by a paediatrician, who assigned a diagnosis where appropriate (361 children). A control group was selected from the healthy children (420 children), and they were neurologically examined with the suspect children. Cases and controls were compared for family history, and pregnancy and delivery risks. The most frequent condition found was febrile convulsions (0.45 per cent), followed by epilepsy (0.9 per cent) and cerebral palsy (0.5 per cent).RÉSUMÉPrévalence de certains troubles netirologiqttes parmi les enfants de la Turquie (Gemlik)A partir dcar;une enquête descriptive, les auteurs out essuyé dcar;aupprécier la prévalence de certains troubles neurologiques parmi les enfants âgés au plus de cinq ans. Des questionnaires out été présentérs aux mères et leurs enfants ont été examines par un pédiatre qui établit un diagnostic chaque fois que cela s'imposail (361 enfams). Un groupe contról fut établi a partir des enfants en bonne santé (420 enfants), et ils furent examinés en même temps que les cas suspects. Les cas index el contrôles furent compareés pour lcar;anamnèse familiale et les risques de grossesse et dcar;accouchement. La conditionobservée la plus fréquence fut les convulsions hyperthermiqucs (0.45 pour cent), suivie de lcar;épilepsie (0.9 pour cent) el de F.L.M.C (0.5 pour cent).ZUSAMMENFASSUNGHäufigkeit bestimmwr neurologischer Erkrankungeii bet Kimlem in der Türkei (Gemlik)Die Autoren haben versucht, mil einem deskriptiven Übererblick die Häufigkeit bestimmter neurologischer Erkrankungen bei Kindem bis zu fünf Jahren festzustellen. die Mütter bekamen Fragebögen, die Kinder wurden in zwei Gruppen eingeteilt: in neurologisch gesund und affällig (559 Kinder). Die auffälligen Kinder wurden von einem Pädiater unlersuchl, der, wo es angehracht war, eine Diagnose stellte (361 Kinder). Von den gesunden Kindem wurde eine Kontrollgruppe gebildct (420 Kinder) und diese wurden zusammen mil den auffälligen Kindem neurologisch unlersuchl. Probanden und Kontrollen wurde hinsichtlich ihrer Familienanamnese. Schwangerschaftsverlauf und Geburtsrisiken verglichen. Die häufigsten Befund waren Fieberkrämpfe (0.45 Prozent), danach Epilepsie (0.9 Prozent) und Cerebralparese (0.5 Prozent).
HEMISPHERIC FUNCTION IN DEVELOPMENTAL LANGUAGE DISORDERS AND HIGH‐LEVEL AUTISM
Authors: Shields Jane , Varley Rosemary , Broks Paul , Simpson Adrian 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARYTwo groups of children with contrasting types of developmental language disorder (phonologic‐syntactic and semantic‐pragmatic) were compared with a group of children with high‐level autism and with a control group of normal children on a broad battery of neuropsychological tests, known to be sensitive to left‐right hemisphere damage. Significant differences found between the groups suggest contrasting forms of hemispheric dysfunction.RÉSUMÉ Foiwtion hémisphérique dans les troubles développeinentaux dit langage et autisme de haul niveau Deux groupes d'enfants avec des types contestants de trouble développemcntal du langage (phonologique‐syntaxique et sémantique‐pragmatique) ont été comparés à un groupe d'enfants avec autisme de haut niveau et avec un groupe contrôle d'enfants normaux sur une large batteric de tests neuropsychologiques, connus pour leur sensibilite aux atteintes de l'hémisphère gauche‐droit. Des différences significatives ont été trouvées entre les groupes, suggérant des formes contrastees de dysfonction hémispherique.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGHemispliärenfunktion bet eittwicklungsbedingten Spmchstoontngen mid liocltgradigem AutismitsZwei Gruppcn von Kindern mit untcrschiedlichen entwicklungsbedingten Sprachstörungen (phonologisch ‐ syntaktisch und semantisch ‐ pragmatisch) wurden mit einer Gruppe von Kindern mit hochgradigem Autismus und mit einer Kontrollgruppe gesunder Kinder anhand einer Reihe von neuropsychologischen Tests verglichen, von denen man weiß, daß sie rechts‐links Hemisphärenstörungen erfassen.RESUMEN Fttnción hemisfériea en las alteraciones del desarrollo del lenguaje v autismo de alto nivelDos grupos dc niños con tipos contrastados de alteración del desarrollo del lenguaje (fonológico‐sintáctico y semántico‐pragmático) fueron comparados con un grupo de niños con autismo de alto nivel y con un grupo control de niños normalcs utilizando una amplia bateria de prucbas ncuro‐psicológicas, sensibles a la alteración hemisfériea izquicrda‐derecha. Las cliferencias significativas encontradas entre los dos grupos sugieren formas contrastadas de disfunción hemisfériea.
SOCIAL COGNITION IN DEVELOPMENTAL LANGUAGE DISORDERS AND HIGH‐LEVEL AUTISM
Authors: Shields Jane , Varley Rosemary , Broks Paul , Simpson Adrian 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARYTwo groups of children with contrasting types of developmental language disorder (phonologic‐syntactic and semantic‐pragmatic) were compared with a group of children with high‐level autism and with a control group of normal children on tests of social cognition (theory of mind; social comprehension; and detection of eye direction). The similarly poor performances of the semantic‐pragmatic group and the autistic group suggest that semantic‐pragmatic language disorder lies on the autistic spectrum.RÉSUMÉConnaissance sociale dans les troubles développementaux dtt langage el I'aulisme de haul niveauDeux groupes d'enfants avec des types contrastants de trouble développemental du langage (phonologique‐syntaxique et sémantique‐pragmatique) ont été comparés à un groupe d'enfants avec autisme de haut niveau et avec un groupe contrôlc d'enfants normaux sur des tests de connaissance sociale (théorie de l'esprit; compréhension sociale; et détection de la direction oculairc). Des performances également pauvrcs dans le groupe sémantique‐pragmatique et le groupe autistique suggèrent que le trouble du langage de type sémantique‐pragmatique appartient au spectre de l'autisme.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGSoziale Fähigkeiten bei entwicklungsbedingten Sprachstörimgen und hochgradigem AutismusZwei Gruppen von Kindern mit verschicdenen entwicklungsbedingten Sprachstörungen (phonologisch‐syntaktisch und semantisch‐pragmatisch) wurden mit einer Gruppe von Kindern mit hochgradigem Autismus und mit einer Kontrollgruppe gesunder Kinder anhand von Tests zur Erfassung sozialer Fähigkeiten (Theory of Mind, soziales Verständnis und Festlegung der Blickrichtung) verglichen. Die ähnlich schlechten Ergebnisse der semantisch‐pragmatischen Gruppe und der autistischen Gruppe lassen vermuten, daß die semantisch‐pragmatische Sprachstörung im autistischen Spektrum liegt.RESUMEN Cognición social en las alteraciones del desarrollo del lenguaje v autismo de alto nivelDos grupos de niños de tipos contrastados dc alteración del desarrollo del lenguaje (fonológico‐sintáctico y semantico‐pragmático) fueron comparados con un grupo de niños con autismo de alto nivel y con un grupo control dc niños normales. utilizando prucbas de cognicion social (teorís de la mente, comprensión social y detección de la dirección ocular). La similitud de los pobres resultados en cl grupo semántico‐pragmático y en el autístico sugieren que la alteracion scmántico‐pragmática del lenguaje está situada en el espectro autístico.
Juvenile Krabbe's Leukodystrophy Precipitated by Influenza A Infection
Authors: McGuinness Oonagh E , Row A P Win , Smyth Diane P L 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARYJuvenile Krabbe's disease, a neurometabolic disorder, presented as an acute demyelinating episode characterised by an abnormal gait. The neurological presentation was preceded by influenza A infection.RÉSUMÉLeucodystrophie juvénile de Krabbe précipitée par une infection grippale A.Une maladie juvénile de Krabbe, trouble neurométabolique, tut révélée par un épisode aigu de démyélinisation caractérisé par une démarche anormale. Les manifestations neurologiques furent précéedés par une grippe de type A.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGJuvenile Leukodystrophy Typ Krabbe beschleunigt dutch eine Influenza A Infektion?Bei einer Leukodystrophie Typ Krabbe, einer heurometabolischen Erkrankung, trat ein acuter Demyelinisierungsschub auf, charakterisiert durch einen abnormen Gang. Dem neurologischen Befund ging eine Influenza A Infektion voraus.RESUMENLeucodistrofta juvenil de Krabbe precipitada por una infección por influenza A?La enfermedad juvenil de Krabbe es una alteración neurometabólica que se inicia con un episodio de desmielinización aguda caracterizada por una marcha anómala. El inicio neurológico fue precedido por una infección de influenza A.
Skin‐to‐skin contact (Kangaroo Care) accelerates autonomic and neurobehavioural maturation in preterm infants
Authors: Feldman Ruth , Eidelman Arthur I 
Published: July 2010

The effects of mother‐infant skin‐to‐skin contact (Kangaroo Care; KC) on autonomic functioning, state regulation, and neurobehavioural status was examined in 70 preterm infants, half of whom received KC over 24.31 days (SD 7.24) for a total of 29.76 hours (SD 12.86). Infants were matched for sex (19 males and 16 females in each group); birth weight (KC, 1229.95g [SD 320.21]; controls, 1232.17g [SD 322.15]); gestational age (GA) (KC, 30.28 weeks [SD 2.54]; controls, 30.19 weeks [SD 2.65]); medical risk; and family demographics. Vagal tone was calculated from 10 minutes of heart rate before KC and again at 37 weeks’GA. Infant state was observed in 10‐second epochs during four consecutive hours before KC and again at 37 weeks’GA.Neurobehavioural status was assessed at 37 weeks’GA with the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS). Infants receiving KC showed a more rapid maturation of vagal tone between 32 and 37 weeks’GA (p=0.029). More rapid improvement in state organization was observed in KC infants, in terms of longer periods of quiet sleep (p=0.016) and alert wakefulness (p=0.013) and shorter periods of active sleep (p=0.023). Neurodevelopmental profile was more mature for KC infants, particularly habituation (p=0.032) and orientation (p=0.007). Results underscore the role of early skin‐to‐skin contact in the maturation of the autonomic and circadian systems in preterm infants.
Foreword
Authors: Baxter Peter 
Published: July 2010

The abstracts for the EACD meeting this year to be held in November in Monaco have some changes.The oral presentations and the poster presentations are run together. This is at the insistence of two of us (Professors Evrard and Tardieu) who feel strongly that people should recognize that a good poster may be a better way of presenting data than an oral presentation and for this reason we were keen not to discriminate between them. The abstracts are listed alphabetically and are numbered so that it is possible to trace an abstract by both methods.The organizers this year had the largest number of abstracts we have ever had sent in for the meeting and some abstracts are not in this publication but will be available in a booklet at the meeting. For practical reasons, including deadline and finances, we had to limit the number of abstracts printed in this supplement of the journal DMCN. Those absent from this publication are those that arrived too late, those that did not fit exactly in the usual format of the EACD meetings and of this journal, and some that were submitted in languages other than English. The abstracts provided by invited speakers in the EACD meeting and in the satellite symposia will be available also in the booklet distributed at the meeting.With this rich feast you have before you in this supplement remember there will be still many more abstracts when you get to Monaco.Finally, remember that however carefully drafted they were, and however careful we were in selecting material for presentation, these are only abstracts. It is always preferable to wait until the definite paper appears before quoting results in the literature.Our thanks to all our enthusiastic supporters of the EACD who have given us such a wealth of material to choose from.Philippe Evrard, President of the EACD Monaco Conference 2005 Marc Tardieu, Vice‐President Christian Richelme, Secretary General Giovanni Cioni, Chair, EACD Scientific Committee Martin Box, Chair, EACD
The role of somatic threat feature detectors in the attentional bias toward pain: Effects of spatial attention
Authors: Dowman Robert 
Published: July 2010

AbstractOur previous work suggests that somatic threat feature detectors indexed by a pain‐evoked midlatency negative scalp potential play an important role in the attentional bias toward pain. In these studies the somatic threat feature detectors facilitated the shift in attention to a somatic threat when attention was focused on another stimulus modality but not when it was focused on another spatial location. This experiment used the Posner cuing paradigm to investigate possible explanations for this discrepancy. The results demonstrate that the different somatic threat effects observed in previous modal and spatial cuing studies are not due to attentional set. Rather, this discrepancy may be related to differences in contingent attention capture. This study also verifies earlier findings suggesting that some of the pain‐related P2 component generators are involved in stimulus‐driven shifts in spatial attention toward task‐relevant stimuli.
The closely related transcription factors Sox4 and Sox11 function as survival factors during spinal cord development
Authors: Thein Daniela C. , Thalhammer Johannes M. , Hartwig Anna C. , Bryan Crenshaw III E. , Lefebvre Veronique , Wegner Michael , Sock Elisabeth 
Published: July 2010

J. Neurochem. (2010) 115, 131–141.AbstractDevelopment of the mouse CNS was reported to be normal in the absence of either Sox4 or its close relative Sox11 despite strong and widespread expression of both transcription factors. In this study, we show that combined absence of both Sox proteins in the mouse leads to severe hypoplasia of the developing spinal cord. Proliferation of neuroepithelial precursor cells in the ventricular zone was unaffected. These cells also acquired their correct positional identity. Both glial and neuronal progenitors were generated and neurons appeared in a similar spatiotemporal pattern as in the wild‐type. Rates of cell death were however dramatically increased throughout embryogenesis in the double deficient spinal cord arguing that Sox4 and Sox11 are jointly and redundantly required for cell survival. The absence of pronounced proliferation, patterning, specification, and maturation defects furthermore indicates that the decreased cell survival is not a secondary effect of one of these events. We therefore conclude that the two Sox proteins directly function as pro‐survival factors during spinal cord development in neural cell types.
Effects of aging and gender on the spatial organization of nuclei in single human skeletal muscle cells
Authors: Cristea Alexander , Qaisar Rizwan , Edlund Patrick K. , Lindblad Joakim , Bengtsson Ewert , Larsson Lars 
Published: July 2010

SummaryThe skeletal muscle fibre is a syncitium where each myonucleus regulates the gene products in a finite volume of the cytoplasm, i.e., the myonuclear domain (MND). We analysed aging‐ and gender‐related effects on myonuclei organization and the MND size in single muscle fibres from six young (21–31 years) and nine old men (72–96 years), and from six young (24–32 years) and nine old women (65–96 years), using a novel image analysis algorithm applied to confocal images. Muscle fibres were classified according to myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform expression. Our image analysis algorithm was effective in determining the spatial organization of myonuclei and the distribution of individual MNDs along the single fibre segments. Significant linear relations were observed between MND size and fibre size, irrespective age, gender and MyHC isoform expression. The spatial organization of individual myonuclei, calculated as the distribution of nearest neighbour distances in 3D, and MND size were affected in old age, but changes were dependent on MyHC isoform expression. In type I muscle fibres, average NN‐values were lower and showed an increased variability in old age, reflecting an aggregation of myonuclei in old age. Average MND size did not change in old age, but there was an increased MND size variability. In type IIa fibres, average NN‐values and MND sizes were lower in old age, reflecting the smaller size of these muscle fibres in old age. It is suggested that these changes have a significant impact on protein synthesis and degradation during the aging process.
Leaching of nitrogen from a 3‐yr grain crop rotation on a clay soil
Authors: Aronsson H. , Stenberg M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractCrop N uptake, soil mineral N and N leaching were measured during 5 yr in a field experiment with separately tile‐drained plots on a clay soil in southwest Sweden. The main objective was to quantify the potential risks of N leaching associated with a 3‐yr grain cropping sequence, which consisted of spring oat, winter wheat and winter wheat. In treatment A the soil was left fallow after winter wheat harvest, mouldboard ploughed in mid‐November and sown with spring oats in April. Spring oat was followed by treatment B, with tine cultivation as the primary tillage operation before winter wheat was sown in September. In treatment C, the soil was mouldboard ploughed in September before sowing of winter wheat. Drainage water was sampled on a flow‐proportional basis and analyzed for total and NO3–N. Soil samples were taken for the 0–0.9 m depth four times per year for determination of the mineral N content of the profile. Harvested crops were measured and analyzed for N. Above‐ground plant material of winter wheat and weeds was sampled in late autumn. Mean annual N leaching amounted to 8.5 kg total N/ha, which corresponded to 7% of the measured N exports associated with harvest and leaching. Not all leachable N was lost during the main drainage period from September to May and there was an accumulation of mineral N in the soil during winter in all years. There were also indications of gaseous N losses from the soil during autumn. The results showed that moderate deviations (−15 to +50 kg/ha) from the optimum N application for winter wheat affected N leaching. It was therefore concluded that development of methods for appropriate adjustment of fertiliser levels to predicted crop yields and potential N mineralization is crucial to reduce the risk of N leaching from this type of clay soils. Timing of autumn ploughing proved to be of minor importance for the risk of N leaching in this cropping sequence.
Rodent models of partial hepatectomies*
Authors: Martins Paulo N. A. , Theruvath Tom P. , Neuhaus Peter 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSmall rodents are the most used experimental models in liver surgical research. Hepatic resections in rodents are commonly performed to study liver regeneration, acute liver failure, hepatic metastasis, hepatic function, ‘small‐for‐size’ transplantation and metabolic response to injury. Most resections require only basic skills, are fast, reliable and highly reproducible. The partial hepatectomy technique in rodents can be improved by microsurgical techniques, which permit individualized dissection and ligature of the vascular and biliary branches with minimal operative morbidity and mortality. This is particularly relevant for murine models of liver resection. However, it requires advanced microsurgical skills. Here, we review the models, surgical techniques, results and limitations of partial liver resections in rodent models. We also reported for the first time segmentectomies of the median lobe in rodent models.
Independent and opposite associations of trunk fat and leg fat with liver enzyme levels
Authors: Perlemuter Gabriel , Naveau Sylvie , Belle‐Croix Frédéric , Buffet Catherine , Agostini Hélène , Laromiguière Muriel , Cassard‐Doulcier Anne‐Marie , Oppert Jean‐Michel 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackground: In contrast to trunk fat mass (TFM), which is associated with cardiovascular risk markers, leg fat mass (LFM) displays independent protective effects against atherosclerosis. Little is known about the respective influence of central and peripheral adiposity on liver enzyme levels.Aims: To assess the respective influence of TFM and LFM on alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and γ‐glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels, and to test whether LFM might protect against an increase of liver enzyme levels.Methods: Cross‐sectional study on 1442 patients (women: 1155; men: 287) referred for overweight/obesity over 3 years. Body composition was analysed by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. The relationships among liver enzymes, age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), biological indices and body composition were studied.Results: The mean BMI was 39.7 ± 7.9 kg/m2 in women and 38.2 ± 6.6 kg/m2 in men. In women, after adjustement for confounding factors, ALT, AST and GGT were negatively and independently correlated with LFM and positively with TFM. Similar independent associations were observed for ALT and AST in men. The strongest associations were found for ALT in both women and men.Conclusions: As observed for cardiovascular risk factors, LFM and TFM are inversely and independently correlated with liver enzyme levels in obese patients. LFM may confer independent protective effects against obesity‐associated liver damage.
Biopsy Strategies for Endoscopic Surveillance of Pre‐malignant Gastric Lesions
Authors: De Vries Annemarie C. , Haringsma Jelle , De Vries Richard A. , Ter Borg Frank , Van Grieken Nicole C.T. , Meijer Gerrit A. , Van Dekken Herman , Kuipers Ernst J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackground:  Endoscopic surveillance of pre‐malignant gastric lesions may add to gastric cancer prevention. However, the appropriate biopsy regimen for optimal detection of the most advanced lesions remains to be determined. Therefore, we evaluated the yield of endoscopic surveillance by standardized and targeted biopsy protocols.Materials and Methods:  In a prospective, multi‐center study, patients with intestinal metaplasia (IM) or dysplasia (DYS) underwent a surveillance gastroscopy. Both targeted biopsies from macroscopic lesions and 12 non‐targeted biopsies according to a standardized protocol (antrum, angulus, corpus, cardia) were obtained. Appropriate biopsy locations and the yield of targeted versus non‐targeted biopsies were evaluated.Results:  In total, 112 patients with IM (n = 101), or low‐grade (n = 5) and high‐grade DYS (n = 6) were included. Diagnosis at surveillance endoscopy was atrophic gastritis (AG) in one, IM in 77, low‐grade DYS in two, high‐grade DYS in three, and gastric cancer in one patient. The angulus (40%), antrum (35%) and lesser curvature of the corpus (33%) showed the highest prevalence of pre‐malignant conditions. Non‐targeted biopsies from the lesser curvature had a significantly higher yield as compared to the greater curvature of the corpus in diagnosing AG and IM (p = .05 and p = .03). Patients with extensive intragastric IM, which was also present at the cardia were at high risk of a concurrent diagnosis of dysplasia or gastric cancer. High‐grade DYS was detected in targeted biopsies only.Conclusions:  At surveillance endoscopies, both targeted and non‐targeted biopsies are required for an appropriate diagnosis of (pre‐)malignant gastric lesions. Non‐targeted biopsies should be obtained in particular from the antrum, angulus and lesser curvature of the corpus.