bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On lightlike geometry in indefinite Kenmotsu manifolds
Authors: Massamba Fortuné 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
We investigate some geometric aspects of lightlike hypersurfaces of indefinite Kenmotsu manifolds, tangent to the structure vector field, by paying attention to the geometry of leaves of integrable distributions. Theorems on parallel vector fields, Killing distribution, geodesibility of their leaves are obtained. The geometric configuration of such lightlike hypersurfaces and leaves of its screen integrable distributions are established. We show that no totally contact umbilical leaf of a screen integrable distribution of a lightlike hypersurface can be an extrinsic sphere. We also prove that the geometry of any leaf of an integrable distribution is closely related to the geometry of a normal bundle.
Subcontinuity
Authors: Holá Ľubica , Novotný Branislav 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
We give interesting characterizations using subcontinuity. Let X, Y be topological spaces. We study subcontinuity of multifunctions from X to Y and its relations to local compactness, local total boundedness and upper semicontinuity. If Y is regular, then F is subcontinuous iff $$\bar F$$ is USCO. A uniform space Y is complete iff for every topological space X and for every net {F
a}, F
a ⊂ X × Y, of multifunctions subcontinuous at x ∈ X, uniformly convergent to F, F is subcontinuous at x. A Tychonoff space Y is Čech-complete (resp. G
m-space) iff for every topological space X and every multifunction F ⊂ X × Y the set of points of subcontinuity of F is a G
δ-subset (resp. G
m-subset) of X.
A decade of change in the hydraulic connection between an Antarctic epishelf lake and the ocean
Authors: Galton-Fenzi Ben K. , Hunter John R. , Coleman Richard , Young Neal 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObservations of the water level in Beaver Lake, an epishelf lake in East Antarctica, show a regular tidal signal that is lagged and attenuated from the tides beneath the adjacent Amery Ice Shelf. The phase lag and amplitude attenuation can be created by a narrow inlet connection between Beaver Lake and the cavity beneath the Amery Ice Shelf. A forced linear damped oscillator is used to determine the inlet dimensions that are required to produce the observed phase lag and amplitude attenuation. The model shows that the observations are consistent with a tidal flow that is restricted by the drag created by flow in the narrow inlet. Analysis shows that the phase lag and amplitude attenuation of the tides in Beaver Lake has increased over the years 1991-2002, probably due to a thickening of the overlying ice shelf. The response is sensitive to subtle variations in the dimensions of the inlet.
Socio-Economic Conditions of Female Garment Workers in Chittagong Metropolitan Area  An Empirical Study
Authors: Chowdhury Nazneen Jahan , Ullah Md Hafu 
Published: February 2012

This paper is an endeavor to depict the conditions of the female workers from two perspectives. One is social perspective and the other is economic perspective. The analysis is based on the survey of 151 female workers of 29 garment industrial units located in different parts of Chittagong Metropolitan area. This study suggests that the standard of living of the female garment workers is still in precarious condition and they are not free from the vicious circle of poverty and face extreme difficulties in obtaining their basic needs for survival even. This paper recommends measures for improving the prevailing socio-economic facilities, to a great extent, to achieve female workers’ satisfaction at the maximum level. Key Words: Female Garments Workers; Social Factors; Economic Factors.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbt.v5i2.9935 Journal of Technology (Dhaka) Vol. 5(2), July-December, 2010 53-70
Compliance Practices in Garment Industries in Dhaka City
Authors: Rahman Md Arifur , Hossain Mir Sohrab 
Published: February 2012

The readymade garment RMG industry in Bangladesh has experienced an unprecedented growth .over the last three decades and become a fast growing industry in Bangladesh. This industry plays a vital role in the economy in terms of export earnings, employment generation ,poverty alleviation and empowering the woman. For development of this sector, Bangladesh needs to emphasize on the factory working environment, social issues, labor relations and compliances with codes of conduct. This paper is based on descriptive and inferential research. The paper suggests the improvement of factory activities through compliances and finds out a close relationship between compliance and productivity.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbt.v5i2.9936 Journal of Technology (Dhaka) Vol. 5(2), July-December, 2010 71-87
Lampes d'Algérie II. Lampes grecques, hellénistiques et tardo-républicaines
Authors: Bussière Jean 
Published: February 2012

Cette étude s'inscrit dans le cadre d'un travail d'ensemble sur le luminaire antique découvert en Algérie (cf Ant. afr, 25, 26 et 28).
Le recensement qui porte sur un nombre appréciable d'exemplaires et concerne une vaste aire géographique fait ressortir l'importance relative d'une production, celle du type Deneauve X, qui s'affirme comme étant bien nord africaine.
Par ailleurs, si les conditions de découverte n'apportent que peu de précisions d'ordre chronologique, cette carence est compensée par l'abondance d'exemplaires restés pour la plupart inédits : plus d'une trentaine pour chacun des principaux types tardo-républicains.
En outre, quelques spécimens de la forme Dressel 3, dont une partie de moule, attestent l'existence, dès l'époque républicaine, d'un début de fabrication locale contrairement à l'opinion longtemps admise d'un monopole des exportations de lampes d'Italie vers les Provinces.
L' equipollentia dans l'écriture pré-franconienne : pourquoi ? comment ?
Authors: Patier Dominique 
Published: February 2012

In the notation based on the rhythmic modes, one remarks that the repetition of the modal cell is not always regular, the longae and breves sometimes being converted in smaller values (equipollentia), or conversely re-grouped into longer durations (extensio modi, according to W. Apel). The object of this study is a statistical examination of these irregularities in the vocal parts of 20 motets in the first rhythmic mode selected from the Bamberg manuscript.
We will attempt to determine the causes of the equipollentia : the desire for diversity, the reconstruction insofar as possible of conjunct melodie motions, and the care to ornament (thus provoking a duplication of the formulae and their simultaneity between the voices). Not related to figuralism, the equipollentia does not threaten the mode's existence. It is most widely employed in the trochaic mode.
Programme iconographique des peintures de Saint-Eutrope des Salles-Lavauguyou
Authors: Camus Marie-Thérèse 
Published: February 2012

200 m2 de peintures romanes ont été découverts dans l'église Saint-Eutrope des Salles-Lavauguyon. A des épisodes bibliques (Création d'Adam et d'Eve, Tentation, Annonciation, Nativité, Annonce aux bergers, Adoration des mages, Scène d'offrande, Vision de l'enfer), se juxtaposent quelques tableaux hagiographiques tirés de la vie de saint Etienne, saint Laurent, saint Martial, sainte Valérie, sainte Agathe, saint Christophe. On voit également une série de saints ou de prophètes (Aaron), Virgile et Nabuchodonosor leur faisant suite. Deux prieurs, Bernard et Boson sont également représentés.
Le programme est axé sur l'annonce de la Rédemption, ainsi que sur l'importance de Marie et des saints. Ces peintures ont peut-être été faites dans l'ambiance Plantagenet (dates proposées : 1160/95). Des comparaisons sont possibles avec le programme et la mise en scène des premières châsses limousines.
Le dogme trinitaire et l'essor de son iconographie en Occident de l'époque carolingienne au IVe Concile du Latran (1215)
Authors: Boespflug François , Zaluska Yolanta 
Published: February 2012

Relying largely upon images that are often overlooked, this article reexamines the origins of the principal iconographic types of the Trinity in Western art. After a rapid survey of the symbols and trinitarian imagery in biblical theophanies (Abraham receiving the Angels, the Baptism of Christ, etc.), it dwells upon the origin and development of non narrative, "synthetic" images.
In an area where the theological legitimacy of the image could not be verified, since God is by definition invisible, and for which the Christian pictorial tradition offered few convincing models, western artists display an unusually inventive spirit, while complying with biblical, liturgical, exegetical and theological suggestions. Encouraged both by their patrons and historical circumstances, the artists span a period marked by the discussion of the Filioque (which ended in schism in 1054), by the emergence of Trinitarian devotions (masses, offices, feasts), and by the unprecedented development of theological speculation concerning this article of the faith. From the historical point of view, the authors reaffirm the importance of Anglo-saxon art in the "trinitarian creation", and bring to light the role played by Italy and France. Morphologically, however, two different processes seem to be at work. On the one hand, there is a trinitarian meaning hidden in the Majestas Domini, preceded by the appearance of various binary combinations (God symbolized by "the hand" of the Father ; Christ as the pascal lamb or Christ-Emmanuel in the bosom of the Father, or the crucifîed Christ supported by a seated God the Father ; a dove for the Holy Spirit). These give rise finally to the traditional iconographic types with their accompanying symbols (Throne of Mercy, Trinity in two medallions, Paternity) or detripling of the Majestas (triandric Trinity).
The other process is allied to Psalm 109 and the investiture of the resurrected Messiah "on the right hand of God". This Psalm was for a long time interpreted literally (God the Father and the Son, without the Dove), but from the thirteenth century onward, the image that illustrates the Psalm is progressively "dogmatized" by the addition of the Dove between the Father and the Son. In the end, the Trinity of the Psalter and the Throne of Mercy became the western stereotypes.
A new image of the Christian God was thus constructed and validated, a representation that was less glorious but more familiar, and in which Christ's cross played an essential role.
Computer simulations support a core prediction of a contentious plant model
Authors: Hammond Sean T. , Niklas Karl J. 
Published: February 2012

• Premise of the study: An overarching but vigorously debated plant model proposed by the West, Brown, Enquist (WBE) theory predicts the scaling relationships for numerous botanical phenomena. However, few studies have evaluated this model's basic assumptions, one of which is that natural selection has resulted in hierarchal networks that minimize the energy required to distribute nutrients internally and have thus produced highly efficient organisms.• Methods: If these core assumptions are correct, an “idealized” plant complying with all of the scaling relationships emerging from the WBE plant model should rapidly outcompete other plants, even those that differ slightly from it. To test this reasoning, a computer model was used to simulate competition between an idealized WBE plant, a generic “average” angiosperm (GA), and one of seven variants of the idealized WBE plant, each being similar to the GA in one of the GA's scaling parameters.• Key results: Replicate simulations show that the idealized WBE plant rapidly outcompetes all other plants under light‐shade and open‐field conditions. However, changing only one of the WBE's scaling parameters results in death or in the coexistence of WBE and GA plants.• Conclusions: These simulations support a core assumption of the WBE plant model and suggest why this idealized plant has not evolved.
Development and characterization of 20 new polymorphic microsatellite markers from Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae)
Authors: Chiang Yu‐Chung , Tsai Chi‐Mou , Chen Yu‐Kuang H. , Lee Sheue‐Ru , Chen Chih‐Hsiung , Lin Yu‐Shium , Tsai Chi‐Chu 
Published: February 2012

• Premise of the study: Twenty microsatellite loci for mango (Mangifera indica), an important commercial fruit tree in East Asia, were developed to evaluate the genetic diversity and identification of cultivars.• Methods and Results: The 20 new microsatellite markers were isolated from mango using a magnetic bead enrichment method, and polymorphisms were identified in 22 mango cultivars. The number of alleles ranged from one to nine, with expected heterozygosity ranging from 0 to 0.826. The polymorphism information content ranged from 0 to 0.756 with a mean of 0.525.• Conclusions: These new microsatellite loci should be useful and convenient for further studies of the genetic diversity and identification of cultivars in mango.
Inhibition of Influenza a Virus Replication by Antagonism of a PI3K-AKT-mTOR Pathway Member Identified by Gene-Trap Insertional Mutagenesis
Authors: Murray James L , McDonald Natalie J , Sheng Jinsong , Shaw Michael W , Hodge Thomas W , Rubin Donald H , O'Brien William A , Smee Donald F 
Published: February 2012

Background: Host genes serving potential roles in virus replication may be exploited as novel antiviral targets. Methods: Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of host gene expression was used to validate candidate genes in screens against six unrelated viruses, most importantly influenza. A mouse model of influenza A virus infection was used to evaluate the efficacy of a candidate FDA-approved drug identified in the screening effort. Results: Several genes in the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway were found to support broad-spectrum viral replication in vitro by RNA interference. This led to the discovery that everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, showed in vitro antiviral activity against cowpox, dengue type 2, influenza A, rhino- and respiratory syncytial viruses. In a lethal mouse infection model of influenza A (H1N1 and H5N1) virus infection, everolimus treatment (1 mg/ kg/day) significantly delayed death but could not prevent mortality. Fourteen days of treatment was more beneficial in delaying the time to death than treatment for seven days. Pathological findings in everolimus-treated mice showed reduced lung haemorrhage and lung weights in response to infection. Conclusions: These results provide proof of concept that cellular targets can be identified by gene knockout methods, and highlight the importance of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway in supporting viral infections.
Retail firms overcome financial crisis in postwar Greece (1958-1988): techniques and particular strategies
Authors: Chatziioannou Maria Christina , Aranitou Valia 
Published: February 2012

Comment le commerce de détail grec d’après-guerre a surmonté la crise financière : techniques et stratégies spécifiques des firmes (1958-1988)	Cet article propose un point de vue nouveau sur le commerce de détail dans la Grèce d’après-guerre. De 1954 à 1974 la Grèce a connu une forte croissance économique : plus de 7 % par an en moyenne. Dans le commerce, en particulier dans le commerce de détail, à la fois le nombre des entreprises et celui des employés ont connu une grande expansion. Mais cette croissance était en bonne part indépendante du financement bancaire. Les conditions changèrent du tout au tout dans la période 1974-1988, avec des taux élevés d’inflation et une baisse rapide du taux de croissance du Produit Intérieur Brut. Pour surmonter cette crise financière, les entreprises grecques du commerce de détail adoptèrent deux grandes stratégies : une intégration verticale de la production et de la vente directe, un recours intensif à la pratique des chèques postdatés 1 .
Pourquoi les distributeurs échouent ou réussissent a l'étranger. Une analyse comparée de l'internationalisation de Wal-Mart et Carrefour
Authors: Durand Cédric 
Published: February 2012

Résumé Cet article étudie aux niveaux méso et macro les déterminants économiques et institutionnels du succès relatif des distributeurs internationaux à l’étranger à travers les trajectoires de Wal-Mart et Carrefour. Trois types d’éléments explicatifs sont mis en évidence : le moment et les modalités d’implantation, les facteurs permettant l’exercice d’un pouvoir de marché et les institutions organisant la relation salariale. Les deux distributeurs ne sont pas affectés de la même manière par ces éléments. Cela suggère que le processus d’hybridation entre les différentes variétés de capitalisme et de modèles productifs joue un rôle crucial dans les trajectoires d’internationalisation des distributeurs.
Le tournant linguistique et son contre-virage phénoménologique
Authors: Leclercq Bruno 
Published: February 2012

Résumé Réinterrogeant l’idée de « tournant linguistique » de la philosophie contemporaine, nous montrons dans un premier temps que Husserl a, bien plus que les fondateurs de la philosophie analytique, fait confiance aux structures apparentes du langage pour guider ses analyses ontologiques. On devrait même qualifier de « naïve » une telle confiance si, comme nous y insistons dans un second temps, elle ne se complétait de la thèse – fondatrice pour la phénoménologie – d’une certaine indépendance des structures de l’expérience (formes et types perceptifs, synthèses passives, etc.) par rapport des structures linguistiques, et dès lors d’une préoccupation pour la « motivation » (non déterministe) des secondes par les premières.
La phénoménologie doit-elle demeurer cartésienne ?
Authors: Romano Claude 
Published: February 2012

Résumé Husserl a vu dans la critique cartésienne du scepticisme l’un des mérites éternels de la philosophie de Descartes. Ce faisant, il a admis la légitimité de l’idée même d’un doute universel et a cherché à lui opposer un concept renouvelé d’évidence, proprement phénoménologique, permettant de procurer une fondation inébranlable à l’édifice du savoir. Cette acceptation du problème sceptique sous-tend toute sa conceptualité, avant et après le tournant transcendantal, et notamment la distinction immanence/transcendance, c’est-à-dire le fondement même de l’intentionnalité. En repartant d’une analyse de la perception, cet article avance un certain nombre d’arguments phénoménologiques pour questionner le bien-fondé du problème sceptique et, partant, la conceptualité husserlienne ; il défend, en premier lieu, une conception disjonctive de la perception et, en second lieu, un holisme de l’expérience.
Biopolitique et risque. Quelle action publique en matière de biomédecine, d'OGM et de téléphonie mobile ?
Authors: Schiffino Nathalie 
Published: February 2012

Résumé La Belgique, à l’instar d’autres États et singulièrement les membres de l’Union européenne, mobilise les connaissances biomédicales pour mettre en œuvre une série de politiques publiques dans des secteurs touchant à la vie, à la mort, et aux risques sanitaires qui pourraient hypothéquer le cheminement des individus de l’une à l’autre. Comme en attestent les travaux de Foucault, une telle biopolitique émerge à partir du moment où l’État se fixe pour objectif d’endiguer les risques qui menacent la santé publique. Dans trois secteurs en Belgique, ceux des OGM agro-alimentaires, de la téléphonie mobile et de la biomédecine (procréation médicalement assistée, cellules souches et clonage), l’intervention des pouvoirs publics est différenciée au point qu’il paraît utile de parler des biopolitiques plutôt que d’une biopolitique. L’article s’attache à expliquer cette gestion des risques à géométrie variable. Trois types d’explications sont mobilisés : la mise à l’agenda et donc la construction sociale des objets biopolitiques à réguler, la mobilisation des acteurs sociaux autour de ceux-ci, et les registres d’expertise qui étayent les décisions publiques.
Trajectoires de réforme de la carte judiciaire et managérialisation de l'État. Analyse comparée des politiques de territorialisation de la Justice en France et en Belgique
Authors: Ficet Joël 
Published: February 2012

Résumé L’organisation géographique de la Justice connaît en France et en Belgique d’importantes mutations, qui s’insèrent dans un mouvement plus large de modernisation de l’État. Il s’agit en effet aujourd’hui de constituer des « territoires de gestion » permettant l’application des méthodes du management public. Les tentatives gouvernementales en ce sens se sont toutefois heurtées aux résistances des professionnels de la Justice et des élus locaux. L’objet de cet article est d’analyser de manière comparée l’influence du contexte institutionnel et du degré de fragmentation des processus décisionnels sur la trajectoire et les résultats de ces deux entreprises de réforme de la carte judiciaire.
Intracranial Pathology in Young Children With Apparently Isolated Nystagmus
Authors: Shammari Mansoor A. , Elkhamary Sahar M. , Khan Arif O. 
Published: February 2012

Purpose:
To assess the incidence of intracranial pathology in young children who had brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate apparently isolated nystagmus noted within the first few years of life.

Methods:
Retrospective institutional review of such children (up to 5 years old).

Results:
Twenty-six patients (17 boys, 9 girls) were identified. Nystagmus was clinically bilateral in 22 (85%) and unilateral in 4 (15%). Seventeen cases (65%) were described as horizontal pendular nystagmus, 5 (19%) as horizontal jerk nystagmus, 2 (8%) as vertical pendular nystagmus, and 1 each as downbeat nystagmus and torsional nystagmus (8%). Three of the 26 patients (12%) had significant MRI findings and all three had temporal optic nerve head pallor noted during clinical examination. Nystagmus was horizontal pendular in two patients and rotary in the third.

Conclusion:
The optic nerve head should be carefully assessed for signs of pallor in young children with nystagmus and, if present, brain MRI should be performed. Otherwise, isolated early childhood nystagmus is unlikely to be associated with intracranial pathology. Clinical description of nystagmus did not predict intracranial pathology in this cohort.
Combining Zonal Refractive and Diffractive Aspheric Multifocal Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Muñoz Gonzalo , Albarrán-Diego César , Javaloy Jaime , Sakla Hani F. , Cerviño Alejandro 
Published: February 2012

PURPOSE:
To assess visual performance with the combination of a zonal refractive aspheric multifocal intraocular lens (MIOL) (Lentis Mplus, Oculentis GmbH) and a diffractive aspheric MIOL (Acri.Lisa 366, Acri.Tech GmbH).

METHODS:
This prospective interventional cohort study comprised 80 eyes from 40 cataract patients (mean age: 65.5±7.3 years) who underwent implantation of the Lentis Mplus MIOL in one eye and Acri.Lisa 366 MIOL in the fellow eye. The main outcome measures were refraction; monocular and binocular uncorrected and corrected distance, intermediate, and near visual acuities; monocular and binocular defocus curves; binocular photopic contrast sensitivity function compared to a monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) control group (40 age-matched pseudophakic patients implanted with the AR-40e [Abbott Medical Optics]); and quality of vision questionnaire.

RESULTS:
Binocular uncorrected visual acuities were 0.12 logMAR (0.76 decimal) or better at all distances measured between 6 m and 33 cm. The Lentis Mplus provided statistically significant better vision than the Acri.Lisa at distances between 2 m and 40 cm, and the Acri.Lisa provided statistically significant better vision than the Lentis Mplus at 33 cm. Binocular defocus curve showed little drop-off at intermediate distances. Photopic contrast sensitivity function for distance and near were similar to the monofocal IOL control group except for higher frequencies. Moderate glare (15%), night vision problems (12.5%), and halos (10%) were reported. Complete independence of spectacles was achieved by 92.5% of patients.

CONCLUSIONS:
The combination of zonal refractive aspheric and diffractive aspheric MIOLs resulted in excellent uncorrected binocular distance, intermediate, and near vision, with low incidence of significant photic phenomena and high patient satisfaction.