bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magmatism in the southeastern Anatolian orogenic belt: transition from arc to post-collisional setting in an evolving orogen
Authors: Kuscu Ilkay , Kuscu Gonca Gencalioglu , Tosdal Richard M. , Ulrich Thomas D. , Friedman Richard 
Published: September 2010

Abstract

Late Cretaceous to Middle Eocene calc-alkaline to alkaline magmatic rocks emplaced within the southeastern Anatolian orogenic belt, the most extensive magmatic belt in Turkey, result from the complex collision between the Afro-Arabian and Eurasian plates and the subduction of the southern and northern Neotethyan oceanic basins beneath the Eurasian continental margin during the Alpine–Himalayan orogeny. In a transect in east-central Turkey extending from Baskil (Elazig) to Divrigi (Sivas) to the north, and from Copler (Erzincan) to Horozkoy (Nigde) to the SW, these magmatic rocks vary in time, spatial distribution, and composition.
40
Ar/
39
Ar ages supplemented by a few U–Pb ages geochronology from major plutons demonstrate a general younging of magmatism in the transect from
c
. 83 Ma in the south (Baskil) to
c
. 69 Ma in the north (Divrigi-Keban), followed by a
c
. 44 Ma scattered magmatic complex now found along a NE trending arcuate belt between Copler and Horoz. In general, trace element and rare earth element (REE) geochemistry in the magmatic rocks suggest two main sources for the melts: (1) a mantle-wedge and subducted oceanic lithosphere producing arc-type magma; and (2) metasomatized lithospheric mantle modified by subduction producing magmatic rocks with more metasomatized mantle and within plate signatures. The combination of geochemical and geochronological data presented herein provides a basis to reconstruct the temporal and spatial transition from subduction-related to post-collision and to late-orogenic magmatism in the eastern Mediterranean region. Subduction-related magmatism is rooted to closure of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean whereas post-collision and late orogenic-within plate-related magmatism is driven by the collision of a northern promontory of the SE Anatolian orogenic belt with northerly derived ophiolitic rocks. The magmatic transition occurs regionally in northerly to northwesterly trending belts in the southeastern Anatolian orogenic belt. The magmatism exhibit a clear shift from deep seated arc-type to late-orogenic from south (Baskil) to more deeply eroded mid-crustal plutons at the north (Divrigi), then to magmatism related to incipient slab-rupture from northeast (Copler, Kabatas, Bizmisen-Calti) to SW (Karamadazi and Horoz). The age progression follows a south-to-north geochemical trend of decreasing crustal input into mantle-derived magmas, and is explained as a consequence of slab roll-back after the collision/obduction of northerly ophiolites followed by slab steepening and incipient rupture leading to transtensional block faulting and subsidence, and thus to the preservation of near-surface magmatic products along a NE trending belt.
Seismic images of crustal variations beneath the East Anatolian Plateau (Turkey) from teleseismic receiver functions
Authors: Özacar A. Arda , Zandt George , Gilbert Hersh , Beck Susan L. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract

We used teleseismic P-wave receiver functions recorded by the Eastern Turkey Seismic Experiment to determine the crustal structure across an active continent–continent collision zone. Moho depth and
V
p
/
V
s
variations in the region are mapped by incorporating crustal multiples and later two-dimsional (2-D) seismic profiles are produced using a common conversion point technique with our crustal
V
p
/
V
s
estimates. Moho depths do not correlate with surface topography and reveal a relatively thin crust consistent with the high plateau being supported by hot asthenosphere near the base of the crust. Under the Arabian plate, the crust is thinnest (
c
. 35 km) and exhibits high
V
p
/
V
s
(≥1.8) associated with mafic compositions. In the east, the crust gradually becomes thicker towards the north and exceeds 45 km in the northeastern side whereas in the west, the crust thickens sharply near the Bitlis suture and displays pronounced Moho topography within the Anatolian plate that suggests the presence of multiple fragments.
V
p
/
V
s
variations show an anomalously high
V
p
/
V
s
corridor (≥1.85) along the North Anatolian Fault and near the youngest volcanic units (
c
. 3 Ma) and support the presence of partial melt. This corridor is spatially limited from both north and south by low
V
p
/
V
s
regions implying a change in crustal composition. Near the Bitlis suture, a layered
V
p
/
V
s
model points to the source of low
V
p
/
V
s
in the lower crust that may be rich in quartz. Furthermore, the seismic profiles indicate a prominent low velocity zone in the lower crust across a large area beneath the plateau that may act as a decoupling zone between the crust and upper mantle.
The crustal structure of the Black Sea from the reinterpretation of deep seismic sounding data acquired in the 1960s
Authors: Yegorova Tamara , Baranova Ekaterina , Omelchenko Viktor 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
A ray-tracing modelling of seismic refraction data acquired in the 1960s has been undertaken on two north–south lines – Profile 25 in the western part of the Black Sea and Profile 28/29 crossing the Azov Sea and central part of the Black Sea. The velocity model along Profile 25 shows two domains interpreted as thin (5 km) high-velocity (sub-)oceanic crust below the deep-water part of the Western Black Sea (WBS) basin, covered by 12–13 km of Cretaceous and younger sediments, and a 39 km thick continental domain of the Scythian Platform and southernmost part of the East European Platform. They are separated by a high-amplitude normal fault, interpreted as being related to the opening of the WBS during Late Cretaceous rifting. The velocity model on Profile 28/29 shows what is interpreted as oceanic crust on the northwestern extremity of the Eastern Black Sea Basin (EBS) and thinned continental crust (Moho depths at 29 km) underlying the mid-Black Sea Ridge (MBSR) that separates the EBS and WBS. The basement of the MBSR comprises three units, which in an en echelon-like manner elevate southwards from a depth of 10–11 km beneath the Andrusov Ridge to 6 km on Arkhangelsky Ridge. An inclined seismic boundary at the Moho interface may be related to oblique rifting setting during the initial formation of the EBS.
Brittle deformation, palaeostress field reconstruction and tectonic evolution of the Eastern Balkanides (Bulgaria) during Mesozoic and Cenozoic times
Authors: Bergerat F. , Vangelov D. , Dimov D. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Brittle tectonics analysis and stress tensor reconstructions allow us to better depict the Mesozoic and Cenozoic geodynamical evolution of the Eastern Balkanides which is characterized by a series of overimposed basin-systems. The Late Permian–Triassic corresponds to a wide carbonate platform with local embryonic troughs. During the Jurassic–Early Cretaceous period, the area, limited by regional unconformities, was at first dominated by the existence of a deep basin until the latest middle Jurassic, then by its gradual closure during the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous. Traces of these tectonic events are found as a result of brittle tectonic data analysis, especially in the Strandja Zone where NE–SW extension and ENE–WSW compression may be related to the Early Alpine phases of rifting and shortening, respectively. The Late Cretaceous–middle Eocene period was governed by the back-arc basin/island-arc system of East Balkan/Srednogorie zones. The inversion of these extensional zones occurred after the Maastrichtian, then important shearing and thrusting developed during the major shortening in the latest Middle Eocene. These Late Alpine tectonic phases were well characterized by brittle tectonics and the analysis of faulting in terms of stress tensors allows us to identify the main directions of extension of the rifting stage which is north–south to NNE–SSW, and the directions of compression of the Laramian and Illyrian phases, which are NE–SW and north–south, respectively. The relationships between folding and reverse and strike–slip faults are established as well as the occurrence of post-folding normal faults assigned to collapse process following the shortening.
Dating of the Black Sea Basin: new nannoplankton ages from its inverted margin in the Central Pontides (Turkey)
Authors: Hippolyte J.-C. , Müller C. , Kaymakci N. , Sangu E. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
The Eocene uplift and inversion of a part of the Black Sea margin in the Central Pontides, allows us to study the stratigraphic sequence of the Western Black Sea Basin (WBS). The revision of this sequence, with 164 nannoplankton ages, indicates that subsidence and rifting started in the Upper Barremian and accelerated during the Aptian. The rifting of the western Black Sea Basin lasted about 40 Ma (from late Barremian to Coniacian). In the inner, inverted, Black Sea margin, the syn-rift sequence ends up with shallow marine sands. The uppermost Albian to Turonian was a period of erosion or non deposition. This regional mid-Cretaceous stratigraphical gap might result from rift flank uplift, as expected in the case of a thick and cold pre-rift lithosphere. However, coeval collision of the Kargi Block, along the North Tethyan subduction zone at the southern margin of the Pontides, might also have contributed to this uplift. A rapid thermal post-rift subsidence of the margin occurred during the Coniacian–Santonian. Collision of the Kirşehir continental block commenced in Early Eocene time (zone NP12) giving rise to compressional deformation and sedimentation in piggyback basins in the Central Pontides, whereas the eastern Black Sea was still opening.
EphB4 Promotes Site-Specific Metastatic Tumor Cell Dissemination by Interacting with Endothelial Cell–Expressed EphrinB2
Authors: Héroult Mélanie , Schaffner Florence , Pfaff Dennis , Prahst Claudia , Kirmse Robert , Kutschera Simone , Riedel Maria , Ludwig Thomas , Vajkoczy Peter , Graeser Ralph , Augustin Hellmut G. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
The tyrosine kinase receptor EphB4 interacts with its ephrinB2 ligand to act as a bidirectional signaling system that mediates adhesion, migration, and guidance by controlling attractive and repulsive activities. Recent findings have shown that hematopoietic cells expressing EphB4 exert adhesive functions towards endothelial cells expressing ephrinB2. We therefore hypothesized that EphB4/ephrinB2 interactions may be involved in the preferential adhesion of EphB4-expressing tumor cells to ephrinB2-expressing endothelial cells. Screening of a panel of human tumor cell lines identified EphB4 expression in nearly all analyzed tumor cell lines. Human A375 melanoma cells engineered to express either full-length EphB4 or truncated EphB4 variants which lack the cytoplasmic catalytic domain (ΔC-EphB4) adhered preferentially to ephrinB2-expressing endothelial cells. Force spectroscopy by atomic force microscopy confirmed, on the single cell level, the rapid and direct adhesive interaction between EphB4 and ephrinB2. Tumor cell trafficking experiments in vivo using sensitive luciferase detection techniques revealed significantly more EphB4-expressing A375 cells but not ΔC-EphB4–expressing or mock-transduced control cells in the lungs, the liver, and the kidneys. Correspondingly, ephrinB2 expression was detected in the microvessels of these organs. The specificity of the EphB4-mediated tumor homing phenotype was validated by blocking the EphB4/ephrinB2 interaction with soluble EphB4-Fc. Taken together, these experiments identify adhesive EphB4/ephrinB2 interactions between tumor cells and endothelial cells as a mechanism for the site-specific metastatic dissemination of tumor cells. Mol Cancer Res; 8(10); 1297–309. ©2010 AACR.
Simulated Sea Surface Salinity Variability in the Tropical Indian Ocean
Authors: Sharma Rashmi , Agarwal Neeraj , Momin Imran M. , Basu Sujit , Agarwal Vijay K. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
A long-period (15 yr) simulation of sea surface salinity (SSS) obtained from a hindcast run of an ocean general circulation model (OGCM) forced by the NCEP–NCAR daily reanalysis product is analyzed in the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO). The objective of the study is twofold: assess the capability of the model to provide realistic simulations of SSS and characterize the SSS variability in view of upcoming satellite salinity missions. Model fields are evaluated in terms of mean, standard deviation, and characteristic temporal scales of SSS variability. Results show that the standard deviations range from 0.2 to 1.5 psu, with larger values in regions with strong seasonal transitions of surface currents (south of India) and along the coast in the Bay of Bengal (strong Kelvin-wave-induced currents). Comparison of simulated SSS with collocated SSS measurements from the National Oceanographic Data Center and Argo floats resulted in a high correlation of 0.85 and a root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 0.4 psu. The correlations are quite high (&gt;0.75) up to a depth of 300 m. Daily simulations of SSS compare well with a Research Moored Array for African–Asian–Australian Monsoon Analysis and Prediction (RAMA) buoy in the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean (1.5°S, 90°E) with an RMSE of 0.3 psu and a correlation better than 0.6. Model SSS compares well with observations at all time scales (intraseasonal, seasonal, and interannual). The decorrelation scales computed from model and buoy SSS suggest that the proposed 10-day sampling of future salinity sensors would be able to resolve much of the salinity variability at time scales longer than intraseasonal. This inference is significant in view of satellite salinity sensors, such as Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) and Aquarius.
The Impact of a Hemispheric Circulation Regime on Fall Precipitation over North America
Authors: Small David , Islam Shafiqul , Barlow Mathew 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
While there is growing evidence that the main contribution to trends in U.S. precipitation occurs during fall, most studies of seasonal precipitation have focused on winter or summer. Here, the leading mode of fall precipitation variability over North America is isolated from multiple data sources and connected to a hemispheric-scale circulation pattern. Over North America, the leading mode of fall precipitation variability in both station-based and satellite-blended data is a tripole that links fall precipitation anomalies in southern Alaska, the central United States, and eastern Canada. This mode is part of a larger pattern of alternating wet and dry anomalies stretching from the western Pacific to the North Atlantic. Dynamically, the precipitation anomalies are closely associated with changes to regional-scale moisture transport that are, in turn, linked to two independently identified hemispheric-scale wave patterns that are one-quarter wavelength out of phase (i.e., in quadrature) and resemble the circumglobal teleconnection.
Substance-related knowledge, attitude, and behaviour among college students
Authors: Heckman Carolyn J , Dykstra Jennifer L , Collins Bradley N 
Published: September 2010

Objective: To examine substance-related attitudes and behaviours among college students across an academic semester. Design: Pre–post quasi-experimental survey design. Setting: A large University in the Midwestern United States. Method: Surveys were completed by 299 undergraduates enrolled in three courses: drugs and behaviour, abnormal psychology, and normal personality theories. Results: Although students that were enrolled in the drug course were not more knowledgeable about drugs than others at baseline, their knowledge increased by semester’s end, while the others’ did not. Perceived prevalence of alcohol use was more accurate and became increasingly accurate among drugs and behaviour students. Class enrolment, gender, and baseline substance use were associated with baseline attitudes and behaviours as well as changes over time. Conclusion: This study offers implications for substance use education opportunities on college campuses.
Performance outcomes of an online first aid and CPR course for laypersons
Authors: Cason Carolyn L , Stiller Janeth 
Published: September 2010

Objective: The study evaluated the effectiveness of an online first aid course by comparing it with the traditional instructor-led course. An effective online course increases course accessibility and mitigates the major deterrent to widespread layperson training. Design: A comparison group design evaluated performances among 25 laypersons self-selecting the traditional course and 46 self-selecting the online course. Setting: Online participants completed the course in a location and at a time convenient to them. Traditional participants completed the course at testing sites. All attended a testing site for skills testing. Method: Eight instructors participated in traditional course delivery, skills review and practice, and skills testing. They assessed participants’ performance using standard checklists. Resuscitation mannequins captured objective performance data. Results: Instructors assessed all participants as passing all skills tests. None passed using the objective data but online course participants outperformed traditional course participants. Conclusions: The online course is effective. Its accessibility permits broader dissemination and use.
Hepcidin induction by transgenic overexpression of Hfe does not require the Hfe cytoplasmic tail, but does require hemojuvelin
Authors: Schmidt Paul J. , Andrews Nancy C. , Fleming Mark D. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Mutations in HFE cause the most common form of hereditary hemochromatosis (HH). We previously showed that liver-specific, transgenic overexpression of murine Hfe stimulates production of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin. Here, we developed several additional transgenic mouse strains to further interrogate the structural basis of HFE function in the pathophysiology of HH. We hypothesized that the small, cytoplasmic domain of HFE might be necessary for HFE-mediated induction of hepcidin. We demonstrate that, like the full-length protein, overexpression of Hfe proteins lacking the cytoplasmic domain leads to hepcidin induction, iron deficiency and a hypochromic, microcytic anemia. However, high-level expression of a liver-specific Hfe transgene carrying the mouse equivalent of the common HFE C282Y human disease-causing mutation (murine C294Y) did not cause iron deficiency. Furthermore, hepcidin induction by transgenes encoding both WT Hfe and Hfe lacking its cytoplasmic domain is greatly attenuated in the absence of hemojuvelin (Hjv). Our observations indicate that the extracellular and transmembrane domains of Hfe are sufficient, and Hjv is essential, for Hfe-mediated induction of hepcidin expression.
Low-dose rituximab and alemtuzumab combination therapy for patients with steroid-refractory autoimmune cytopenias
Authors: Gómez-Almaguer David , Solano-Genesta Manuel , Tarín-Arzaga Luz , Herrera-Garza José Luis , Cantú-Rodríguez Olga Graciela , Gutiérrez-Aguirre César Homero , Jaime-Pérez José Carlos 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Treatment of autoimmune cytopenias remains unsatisfactory for patients refractory to first-line management. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of low-dose rituximab plus alemtuzumab in patients with steroid-refractory autoimmune hemolytic anemia and immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Nineteen of 21 included patients were assessable for response (11 with immune thrombocytopenic purpura, 8 with autoimmune hemolytic anemia). Treatment with 10 mg of alemtuzumab subcutaneously on days 1 to 3, plus 100 mg of rituximab intravenously weekly in 4 doses, was administered. The overall response rate was 100%, with complete response in 58%. The median response duration was 46 weeks (range, 16-89 weeks). Median follow-up was 70 weeks (range, 37-104 weeks). Most toxicity was grade 1 fever related to the first dose. Six patients developed infections. The combination of rituximab and alemtuzumab is feasible and has an acceptable safety profile and remarkable clinical activity in this group of patients. This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00749112.
Impaired adult olfactory bulb neurogenesis in the R6/2 mouse model of Huntington's disease
Authors: Kohl Zacharias , Regensburger Martin , Aigner Robert , Kandasamy Mahesh , Winner Beate , Aigner Ludwig , Winkler Jürgen 
Published: September 2010

Abstract

Background
Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder linked to expanded CAG-triplet nucleotide repeats within the huntingtin gene. Intracellular huntingtin aggregates are present in neurons of distinct brain areas, among them regions of adult neurogenesis including the hippocampus and the subventricular zone/olfactory bulb system. Previously, reduced hippocampal neurogenesis has been detected in transgenic rodent models of HD. Therefore, we hypothesized that mutant huntingtin also affects newly generated neurons derived from the subventricular zone of adult R6/2 HD mice.

Results
We observed a redirection of immature neuroblasts towards the striatum, however failed to detect new mature neurons. We further analyzed adult neurogenesis in the granular cell layer and the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb, the physiological target region of subventricular zone-derived neuroblasts. Using bromodeoxyuridine to label proliferating cells, we observed in both neurogenic regions of the olfactory bulb a reduction in newly generated neurons.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that the striatal environment, severely affected in R6/2 mice, is capable of attracting neuroblasts, however this region fails to provide sufficient signals for neuronal maturation. Moreover, in transgenic R6/2 animals, the hostile huntingtin-associated microenvironment in the olfactory bulb interferes with the survival and integration of new mature neurons. Taken together, endogenous cell repair strategies in HD may require additional factors for the differentiation and survival of newly generated neurons both in neurogenic and non-neurogenic regions.
OCP3 is an important modulator of NPR1-mediated jasmonic acid-dependent induced defenses in Arabidopsis
Authors: Ramírez Vicente , Van der Ent Sjoerd , García-Andrade Javier , Coego Alberto , Pieterse Corné MJ , Vera Pablo 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackgroundUpon appropriate stimulation, plants increase their level of resistance against future pathogen attack. This phenomenon, known as induced resistance, presents an adaptive advantage due to its reduced fitness costs and its systemic and broad-spectrum nature. InArabidopsis, different types of induced resistance have been defined based on the signaling pathways involved, particularly those dependent on salicylic acid (SA) and/or jasmonic acid (JA).ResultsHere, we have assessed the implication of the transcriptional regulator OCP3 in SA- and JA-dependent induced defenses. Through a series of double mutant analyses, we conclude that SA-dependent defense signaling does not require OCP3. However, we found thatocp3plants are impaired in aPseudomonas fluorescensWCS417r-triggered induced systemic resistance (ISR) against bothPseudomonas syrinagaeDC3000 andHyaloperonospora arabidopsidis, and we show that this impairment is not due to a defect in JA-perception. Likewise, exogenous application of JA failed to induce defenses inocp3plants. In addition, we provide evidence showing that the over-expression of an engineered cytosolic isoform of the disease resistance regulator NPR1 restores the impaired JA-induced disease resistance inocp3plants.ConclusionsOur findings point to a model in which OCP3 may modulate the nucleocytosolic function of NPR1 in the regulation of JA-dependent induced defense responses.