bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ranah Iman dan Akal Budi Menghadapi Covid 19
Authors: Natalia Arie Rissing 
Published: June 2024

Kontradiksi penggunaan iman dan akal budi selalu terjadi dikalangan orang Kristen. Apakah orang Kristen adalah orang yang beriman atau harusnya berakal? Terutama menghadapi persoalan-persoalan kehidupan. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada orang Kristen mengenai iman dan akal budi, kapan harus menggunakan iman dan kapan harus menggunakan akal dan kapan kedua-duanya harus dapat berjalan beriringan. Manfaat dari penulisan ini, agar orang Kristen punya ketetapan hati akan kebenaran yang diyakininya, berdasarkan kebenaran firman Tuhan. Tidak gampang diombang-ambingkan oleh pengajaran-pengajaran di luar kebenaran Alkitab, yang adalah firman Allah
Analisis Iman Abraham Sebagai Model Iman Masa Kini Berdasarkan Surat Galatia 3:6-9
Authors: Ruy Margareta , Hendi  
Published: June 2024

Artikel ini akan mencoba membahas mengenai iman Abraham sebagai model iman masa kini. Dewasa ini, iman menjadi pusat baru orang Kristen merasa terjamin dalam kehidupannya. Sehingga, yang dipikirkan hanyalah iman yang diwarisi sudah cukup menyelamatkan akhir kehidupan. Namun lebih dari itu, orang percaya yang beriman bukan sekedar iman warisan, tetapi orang percaya harus mengorientasikan iman sebagai orang percaya kepada Allah yang dipercayai seperti Abraham yang menjadi model iman orang percaya. Meneladani Abraham akan memberikan keuntungan tersendiri bagi orang percaya. Meneladani iman Abraham membuat kepercayaannya akan diperhitungkan oleh Allah. Sebab, kepercayaan Abraham terhitung sebagai kebenaran sehingga orang yang beriman adalah anak-anak Abraham dan semua orang yang beriman diberkati seperti Abraham. Karena itu, penulis akan memaparkan model iman Abraham sebagai contoh bagi orang percaya masa kini. Dalam penulis artikel ini, metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksegesis. Penulis memaparkan menggunakan metode eksegesis. Penulis memperoleh data dari teks Surat Galatia 3:6-9 yang diambil dari The Greek New Testam ent Nestle-Aland 28th Edition of the Greek New Testament. Kemudian penulis menganalisis data menggunakan metode eksposisi yang mencari dan menemukan makna spiritual dalam isi semantis di balik teks Surat Galatia 3:6-9. Kemudian teks tersebut akan menjadi fokus utama berinteraksi dengan teks lain dan literatur yang mendukung.
Succession if the reorganization of corporation is failed
Authors: Alekseev Arsenii Ivanovich 
Published: June 2024

The article analyzes the consequences of the failed reorganization of the corporation and the recognition by the court of the reorganization of the corporation as invalid by referring to the nature and content of such categories as the legal personality of a legal entity and universal succession. By referring to the essence of universal transitive succession, the necessity of termination of some legal entities and the emergence of others is proved so that transactions made by those created as a result of defective reorganization remain valid, and grants made, in particular, in fulfillment of such transactions are not considered unjustified enrichment. The existence of subjective rights and obligations for legal entities created as a result of the failed reorganization is explained by their legal personality. A comparison is made of the consequences of recognizing the reorganization of the corporation as failed and recognizing the transaction as invalid, as well as the consequences of conducting a defective reorganization and making a disputed or void transaction. The methodological basis of the study was analysis, analogy, as well as deductive, comparative, hermeneutical and systematic methods. The novelty of the study lies in the conclusion about the consistency of succession when recognizing the reorganization of a corporation as invalid, despite the provisions of Article 60.2 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. The inconsistency of the provisions of the law on the consequences of declaring a reorganization invalid is emphasized in relation to the issue of the consistency of succession and the preservation of the validity of transactions concluded by legal entities created as a result of the failed reorganization, as well as perfect execution. It is concluded that it is impossible to compare both the consequences of recognizing the reorganization as failed and recognizing the transaction as invalid, as well as the consequences of conducting a defective reorganization and making a disputed or void transaction. This conclusion is justified by the "retroactive force" of the court's decision to declare the disputed transaction invalid, canceling the legal consequences of such a transaction. An insignificant transaction does not generate consequences at all.
Altered vaginal cervical microbiota diversity contributes to HPV-induced cervical cancer via inflammation regulation
Authors: Yang Yiheng , Zhu Jufan , Feng Renqian , Han Mengfei , Chen Fenghua , Hu Yan 
Published: June 2024

Background
Cancer has surpassed infectious diseases and heart ailments, taking the top spot in the disease hierarchy. Cervical cancer is a significant concern for women due to high incidence and mortality rates, linked to the human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV infection leads to precancerous lesions progressing to cervical cancer. The cervix’s external os, near the vagina, hosts various microorganisms. Evidence points to the link between vaginal microbiota and HPV-induced cervical cancer. Cervical cancer onset aligns with an imbalanced Th1/Th2 immune response, but the role of vaginal microbiota in modulating this imbalance is unclear.

Methods
In this study, we collected vaginal samples from 99 HPV-infected patients across varying degrees of lesions, alongside control groups. These samples underwent bacterial DNA sequencing. Additionally, we employed Elisa kits to quantify the protein expression levels of Th1/Th2 cytokines IL2, IL12, IL5, IL13, and TNFa within the centrifuged supernatant of vaginal-cervical secretions from diverse research subjects. Subsequently, correlation analyses were conducted between inflammatory factors and vaginal microbiota.

Results
Our findings highlighted a correlation between decreased Lactobacillus and increased Gardenerella presence with HPV-induced cervical cancer. Functionally, our predictive analysis revealed the predominant enrichment of the ABC transporter within the vaginal microbiota of cervical cancer patients. Notably, these microbiota alterations exhibited correlations with the production of Th1/Th2 cytokines, which are intimately tied to tumor immunity.

Conclusions
This study suggests the potential involvement of vaginal microbiota in the progression of HPV-induced cervical cancer through Th1/Th2 cytokine regulation. This novel insight offers a fresh perspective for early cervical cancer diagnosis and future prevention strategies.
Influence of Simulated Erosion on Soil Properties and Maize Yield in the Southern Guinea Savanah Zone of Nigeria I
Authors: B.I. Agada , P.I. Agber, , S. Idoga , F.D. Ugese 
Published: June 2024

Long term studies were initiated to study topsoil loss and its effects on soil properties and crop yield. This study was conducted during the 2016 through 2019 cropping seasons to assess the influence of artificial topsoil loss on soil properties and grain yield of maize. Three geo- referenced sites within the Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Nigeria namely: Site 1, Site_2 and Site_3 were used for the experiment. Erosion levels were established in June 2016 only by the incremental removal of topsoil at various depths. The study of crop productivity using simulated erosion was conducted using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with desurfaced soil depths of 0cm (control), 5cm, 10cm, 15cm and 20cm as treatments. One profile pit was also dug in each of the three sites for soil characterization and soil type establishment. Data collected on soil physical and chemical properties as well as crop growth parameters and grain yield were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using R Statistical Software. Results of the study showed that the soils of the three sites were classified as Kandic Paleustepts for Site_1, Typic Plinthustalfs for Site_2 and Typic Hapluderts for Site_3. We report the effects of topsoil loss on soil characteristics in this paper for two years only.
Clinical Significance of Low Volume Lymph Node Metastasis in Early Stage Cervical Cancer: A Single Centre Case Series
Authors: Homer Artem , Devaja Omer , Stevanović Nemanja , Dampali Roxani , Rushton Gary , Coutts Mike 
Published: June 2024

Background and Objectives: Lymph node involvement is uncommon in early-stage cervical cancer (7-20%), with low volume nodal disease (micrometastasis and isolated tumour cells) representing a further small subset (2-23%) of this small population. Fewer data are available on the impact of low volume metastasis in cervical cancer. The current consensus is to treat this group of patients in the same way as for nodal macrometastasis although the prognostic significance of low volume lymph node metastasis still remains contested. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze a cohort of patients who underwent primary surgery for early-stage cervical cancer and where the post operative histopathology report demonstrated low volume lymph node metastasis. The aim was to determine the frequency of recurrence and progression free survival in groups with isolated tumor cells (<0.2 mm), micrometastasis (0.2 – 2 mm) and macrometastasis (>2 mm).
Methods: Retrospective review had identified 18 patients who underwent primary surgery in single Gynaecology Cancer Centre between 2007 and 2018 for cervical cancer with subsequent histologically demonstrated lymph node metastasis. Progression free survival curves were generated for each patient group based on their histological type of lymph node metastasis. Log rank, chi squared test statistic was calculated to test for statistically significant difference in survival between groups.
Results: A total of 18 patients were identified as having isolated tumor cells (n=7), micrometastasis (n=5) or macrometastasis (n=6) on post operative lymph node histopathology. Follow up data demonstrated a total of 6 recurrences overall, with the highest number in the “macrometasitasis“ group (66.7%), followed by “isolated tumor cells” group (28.6%). No recurrence was observed in the “micrometastasis” group. The difference in progression-free survival between groups was not statistically significant at alpha = 0.05 (p=0.0685).
Conclusion: Further research and larger studies are required to evaluate the prognostic significance and the overall outcome in patients with isolated tumor cell lymph node metastasis in early stage cervical cancer.
Optimization Photodegradation of Methylene Blue Dye using Bentonite/PDA/Fe3O4@CuO Composite by Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Riyanti Fahma , Hariani Poedji Loekitowati , Hasanudin Hasanudin , Rachmat Addy , Purwaningrum Widia 
Published: June 2024

This study aims to synthesize bentonite/PDA/Fe3O4@CuO composites as a catalyst for the photodegradation of Methylene blue dye. Composite characterization involves X-ray Diffractometry (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with X-ray Energy Dispersion Spectrometry (EDS), UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS), and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). Response Surface Methodology (RSM) employs Central Composite Design (CCD) to optimize photodegradation by varying dye concentration, irradiation time, and catalyst dose. The bentonite/PDA/Fe3O4@CuO composites exhibit a saturation magnetization value of 54.82 emu/g and a band gap of 2.1 eV. The optimization revealed that concentration and dose significantly impact the photodegradation efficiency. A quadratic model is suitable for modeling the photodegradation of Methylene blue dye using bentonite/PDA/Fe3O4@CuO composites, as determined by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimal conditions for achieving maximum photodegradation efficiency were identified as a dye concentration of 10 mg/L, an exposure time of 90 min, and a catalyst dose of 1.67 g/L. Under these parameters, the photodegradation process exhibited a remarkable efficiency of 100%. The Bentonite/PDA/Fe3O4@CuO composites exhibited strong stability, efficiency, and recyclability. After six photodegradation cycles, there was a 5.18% decrease in photodegradation efficiency. Copyright © 2024 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Quantification of Pluripotency Transcription Factor Levels in Embryonic Stem Cells by Flow Cytometry
Authors: Festuccia Nicola , Chambers Ian 
Published: December 2011

AbstractEmbryonic stem (ES) cell lines are derived from the inner cell mass of the pre‐implantation blastocyst and are characterized by the ability to undergo indefinite self‐renewal while retaining the potential to differentiate into each of the three primary germ layers. The ability of individual ES cells to self‐renew or appropriately respond to differentiation signals is influenced by the intracellular level of a number of crucial transcription factors. It is therefore important to be able to reliably quantify the levels of these proteins in single cells. Here we present an intracellular staining technique for flow cytometry suitable for monitoring transcription factor expression in ES cells. We illustrate the application of this technique to the detection of Oct4 and Nanog proteins and the coupling of this approach with fluorescent reporters of gene activity. Curr. Protoc. Stem Cell Biol. 19:1B.9.1‐1B.9.13. © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Isolation and Culture of Adult Ciliary Epithelial Cells, Previously Identified as Retinal Stem Cells, and Retinal Progenitor Cells
Authors: Gualdoni Sara , Baron Michael , Lakowski Jörn , Decembrini Sarah , Pearson Rachel A. , Ali Robin R. , Sowden Jane C. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe protocols described in this unit provide detailed information on how to isolate and expand, in culture, ciliary epithelial cells (CECs), previously identified as retinal stem cells, from the adult mouse eye, and embryonic retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) from the developing retina. CECs are initially cultured in floating conditions as neurospheres and then expanded in monolayer cultures. RPCs are cultured in floating conditions. Detailed protocols for retinal differentiation, as well as exogenous gene expression using lentivirus are also described. Curr. Protoc. Stem Cell Biol. 19:1H.4.1‐1H.4.15. © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Design and implementation of a remote laboratory platform using MATLAB builder for NE
Authors: Colak Ilhami , Irmak Erdal , Kabalci Ersan , Issi Fatih 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTIn this study, a highly instructive and novel remote laboratory platform using up to date software and hardware units is designed to teach main concepts of Electrical Engineering with the help of web‐based simulations and remote accessible experiments in real time. Interactive experimental applications for direct current (DC) motors and several electrical circuits are carried out in this study to test the efficiency of the system. First, mathematical model of each simulation is developed in MATLAB and then all models are transferred into .NET platform by means of MATLAB Builder for NE toolbox. A dynamic library for each model is also created using NE toolbox. Then, all libraries are embedded into an interactive web page designed in ASP.NET platform. Data transmission between the server and the real experimental set is established by a microprocessor via the USB port to achieve the experimental studies over the Internet in real time. While remote experiments are being performed, data obtained by the experimental set are simultaneously transferred to the MATLAB. Then, the system generates both graphical and numerical results about the current experiment and all results are sent to a user‐friendly web interface to give users some feedback on the experiment.© 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 22:617–629, 2014; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cae; DOI 10.1002/cae.21553
Die Saccharin‐Saga
Authors: Roth Klaus , Lück Erich 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDie Saga vom Saccharin beginnt mit seiner zufälligen Erfindung in einem Labor der Johns Hopkins Universität in Baltimore vor 130 Jahren. Kurz danach bricht zwischen den beiden Entdeckern ein lebenslanger Prioritätenstreit aus. Erhebliche Schwierigkeiten bei der Entwicklung des technischen Herstellungsprozesses, nie endende Streitereien mit der Gesetzgebung, medizinischen und pseudo‐medizinischen Kapazitäten und Lobbyisten in nahezu jedem Land machen Saccharin das Leben schwer. Hinzu kommen exzessive Besteuerung und Schmuggeleien. Die Molekül‐Saga des Saccharins kann sich mit den Werken der phantasievollsten Dichter messen. Aber diese ist wahr – und noch nicht zu Ende.
Block bootstrap for Mann–Kendall trend test of serially dependent data
Authors: Önöz Bihrat , Bayazit Mehmetcik 
Published: December 2011

AbstractMann–Kendall (MK) test for trend detection must be modified when the data are serially correlated, to prevent the detection of false trends. Various approaches are developed for this purpose, such as prewhitening, trend‐free prewhitening, variance correction and block bootstrap. Each method has its own Type I and Type II errors. In this study, the errors of block bootstrapping MK test are estimated by a simulation study and compared with other methods. Optimal block length that minimizes the Type I error is determined as function of sample size and autocorrelation coefficient. It is shown that the power of block bootstrapping MK test is comparable with those of other modified MK tests. These tests are applied to some annual streamflow series with trend recorded in Turkish rivers, and their powers are compared. A modified form of the trend‐free prewhitening procedure is proposed that has a smaller Type I error. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Androgens regulate Hedgehog signalling and proliferation in androgen‐dependent prostate cells
Authors: Sirab Nanor , Terry Stéphane , Giton Frank , Caradec Josselin , Chimingqi Mihelaiti , Moutereau Stéphane , Vacherot Francis , Taille Alexandre de la , Kouyoumdjian Jean‐Claude , Loric Sylvain 
Published: December 2011

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) is androgen sensitive in its development and progression to metastatic disease. Hedgehog (Hh) pathway activation is important in the initiation and growth of various carcinomas including PCa. We and others have observed aberrations of Hh pathway during the progression of PCa to the castration‐resistant state. The involvement of androgen signalling in Hh pathway activation, however, remains largely elusive. Here we investigate the direct role of androgen signalling on Hh pathway. We examined the effect of Dihydrosterone (DHT), antiandrogen, bicalutamide, and Hh pathway inhibitor, KAAD‐cyclopamine in four human prostate cell lines (two cancerous: LNCaP, VCaP, and two normal: PNT2 and PNT2‐ARm which harbours a mutant version of androgen receptor (AR) that is commonly found in LNCaP). Cell proliferation as well as Hh pathway members (SHH, IHH, DHH, GLI, PTCH) mRNA expression levels were assessed. We showed that KAAD‐cyclopamine decreased cell proliferation of DHT‐stimulated LNCaP, VCaP and PNT2‐ARm cells. SHH expression was found to be downregulated by DHT in all AR posititve cells. The negative effect of DHT on SHH expression was counteracted when cells were treated by bicalutamide. Importantly, KAAD‐cyclopamine treatment seemed to inhibit AR activity. Moreover, bicalutamide as well as KAAD‐cyclopamine treatments induced GLI and PTCH expression in VCaP and PNT2‐ARm. Our results suggest that Hh pathway activity can be regulated by androgen signalling. Specifically, we show that the DHT‐induced inhibition of Hh pathway is AR dependent. The mutual interaction between these two pathways might be important in the regulation of cell proliferation in PCa.
Genetic polymorphisms in metabolism of 2‐amino‐1‐methyl‐6‐phenylimidazo[4,5‐b] pyridine
Authors: Kim Dojung , Lee Young‐Joo , Ryu Heui‐Young , Lee Jin‐Hee , Kim Hyun‐Kyung , Kim Eunhee , Moon Jae‐Dong , Chang Dong Deuk , Yoon Hae‐Seong 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTHeterocyclic amines (HCAs) are naturally produced during common cooking processes for meats and fish. HCAs are metabolized by various enzymes, including cytochromes P450, N‐acetyl transferases, and sulfotransferases, and their bioactivated metabolites are considered to bind to DNA or protein to show carcinogenic effects. More than 20 HCAs have been identified, of which 2‐amino‐1‐methyl‐6‐phenylimidazo[4,5‐b]pyridine (PhIP) is classified as ‘reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen’ to develop cancers in breast, colon and prostate. The purpose of this study was to evaluate human exposure levels of PhIP and to understand the role of genetic polymorphisms of enzymes on PhIP metabolism. Urine samples were collected from subjects (n = 100) before 3‐day meat‐restricted diets. Subjects consumed grilled chicken, and their blood and urine were collected before and after the administration of the chickens to investigate genetic polymorphisms and PhIP levels. The mean PhIP levels were 4.22 ± 0.12, 0.61 ± 0.19 and 22.64 ± 1.00 pg ml−1 in urine under normal conditions and before and after chicken administration, respectively. Among 21 Single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of CYP1A1, CYP1A2, NATs and UGTs investigated in this study, genotypic groups of CYP1A1/T6235C (MSP I) and CYP1A2/−2467delT showed significant differences in PhIP excretion (P < 0.05). These results suggest that genetic polymorphisms might affect PhIP metabolism, which could improve understanding of populations subject to PhIP‐derived health risk. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Morphological characterization of the progenitor blood cells in canine and feline umbilical cord
Authors: Brólio Marina P , Vidane Atanásio S , Zomer Helena D , Wenceslau Cristiane V , OzóRio Juliana J , Martins Daniele S , Miglino Maria A , AmbróSio Carlos E 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe umbilical cord blood (UCB) is an important source of hematopoietic stem cells with great deal of interest in regenerative medicine. The UCB cells have been extensively studied as an alternative to the bone marrow transplants. The challenge is to define specific methods to purify and characterize these cells in different animal species. This study is aimed at morphological characterization of progenitor cells derived from UCB highlighting relevant differences with peripheral blood of adult in dog and cats. Therefore, blood was collected from 18 dogs and 5 cats' umbilical cords from fetus in various developmental stages. The mononuclear cells were separated using the gradient of density Histopaque‐1077. Characterization of CD34+ cells was performed by flow cytometric analysis and transmission electron microscopy. Granulocytes (ancestry of the basophiles, eosinophiles, and neutrophiles) and agranulocytes (represented by immature lymphocytes) were identified. We showed for the first time the ultrastructural features of cat UCB cells. Microsc. Res. Tech. 75:766–770, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.