bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kontekstual terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Matematika Siswa SMP
Authors: Brinus Kristianti S W , Makur Alberta P , Nendi Fransiskus 
Published: May 2024

Rendahnya kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa di kelas VIII SMP Negeri 4 Langke Rembong tahun ajaran 2018/2019 menjadi latar belakang masalah penelitian ini. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran kontekstual terhadap pemahaman konsep matematis siswa di sekolah ini. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu, dengan menggunakan desain Posttest Only Control Group Design. Populasi yang dipilih dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 4 Langke Rembong sebanyak 211 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan random sampling dan anggota sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 60 orang. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan instrumen tes pemahaman konsep matematika yang berbentuk tes uraian. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemahaman konsep matematika siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan model pembelajaran kontekstual lebih baik dari pada pemahaman konsep matematika siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan model pembelajaran konvensional. Model pembelajaran kontekstual dinilai dapat menghubungkan materi yang dipelajari dengan situasi kehidupan nyata.
The Effect of Bacillus Pumilus on the Free Swell and Atterberg Limits of Black Cotton Soil for use in Road Subgrades
Authors: John Godwin 
Published: May 2024

The study evaluated the potential utilisation of Bacillus pumilus (B. pumilus) induced calcite precipitate for the improvement of the engineering properties of black cotton soil in road construction which is an eco-friendly technique and forms part of what is referred to as green engineering. The effect of B. pumilus on the free swell and Atterberg limits of black cotton soil for use in road subgrades was studied using microbial induced calcite precipitation (MICP) method. Five stepped B. pumilus suspension density of 0, 1.5 x 108, 6.0 x 108, 1.2 x 109, 1.8 x 109 and 2.4 x 109 cells/ml, respectively, were utilized for the treated specimens, while only cementitious reagent acted as the control specimen. Three (3) mix ratios of % Bacteria suspension (B) - %Cementitious reagent (C) (i.e., 25B - 75C, 50B - 50C and 75B - 25C) were adopted. It was observed that free swell treated with 25B - 75C decreased from 70 % and 50 % for the natural and control specimens, respectively, to minimum value of 46 %, with increasing B. pumilus suspension density at 2.4 × 109 cells/ml. Atterberg limits results showed liquid limit values decreased from 53 % and 62 % for the natural and control samples, respectively, to 43 % for samples treated with 25B - 75C at B. pumilus suspension density of 2.4 x 109 cells/ml, while the plastic limit increased from 28.2 % for the control soil sample to 30 % for the 75B - 25C mix ratio at B. pumilus suspension density of 2.4 x 109 cells/ml. Tests results indicated a considerable improvement with 25B - 75C mix ratio at B. pumilus suspension density of 2.4 × 109 cells/ml which significantly reduced the free swell, while the Atterberg limits fell below Nigerian General Specifications requirements of not greater than 35% Liquid limit, 12% Plasticity index and 35% passing No.200 sieve for utilization as road subgrades. However, it could be used as a subgrade material in low-volume roads.
Nova ocorrência de Balanophoraceae na Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Santos Guilherme Keven Ferreira dos , Rando Juliana Gastaldello 
Published: May 2024

O presente artigo traz uma nova ocorrência de uma espécie de Balanophoraceae, uma holoparasita de raiz, na região Oeste do Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Helosis cayanensis foi coletada no povoado de Itaculumim, zona rural, no município de Angical, registrada pela primeira vez na região e no Estado. Essa nova ocorrência contribui para o aumento da diversidade de espécies no Estado e amplia a área de ocorrência da espécie para o Brasil. Este trabalho também apresenta informações da morfologia, chave de identificação para os gêneros de Balanophoraceae e para as espécies de Helosis ocorrentes na Bahia, imagens e um mapa com a distribuição das duas espécies de Helosis com ocorrência no Estado.
Impact of CBTI on Cerebral Glucose Metabolism
Authors: Kay Daniel , Buysse Daniel , Karim Helmet 
Published: May 2024

Somnoimaging is an approach in sleep medicine that combines neuroimaging techniques with established sleep research methods to better characterize sleep-wake states and study sleep-related constructs across those states. We used the fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) method to investigate how CBTI impacted cerebral glucose metabolism during sleep and wakefulness in individuals with insomnia (N=27). We replicated previous findings suggesting that CBTI improves self-reported symptoms of insomnia and dysfunctional beliefs about sleep but found no significant differences in whole-brain or voxel-wise relative regional glucose metabolism as a result of CBTI. Followup analyses showed that (1) participants with greater pre-to-post treatment reduction in dysfunctional beliefs about sleep had a significant increase in relative glucose metabolism in the caudate following treatment, (2) individuals with greater relative glucose metabolism in the precentral gyrus at baseline had higher insomnia severity post-treatment, and (3) participants who experienced greater pre-to-post treatment reduction in insomnia severity following treatment had a more pronounced sleep-wake difference in relative glucose metabolism in the precuneus. Our findings may suggest that (1) targeting dysfunctional beliefs about sleep during CBTI may help normalize caudate nucleus activity across sleep-wake states, (2) greater relative glucose metabolism in the precentral gyrus may represent a biomarker of hyperarousal that predicts poorer response to CBTI, and (3) successful CBTI restores the polarity of relative glucose metabolism across sleep-wake states in individuals with insomnia in the posterior hotzone of consciousness.
Konstruksi Pesan Yang Terkandung Pada Iklan Gojek Edisi Ramadhan “Cerita Hikayat Sang Musafir – eBadah” di YouTube dan Televisi (Analisis Framing William A. Gamson dan Andre Modigliani)
Authors: Tambunan Resman Muharul 
Published: May 2024

Menghadapi kebijakan pembatasan sosial ditengah pandemi Covid-19, komunikasi massasebagaisarana penyampaian informasi kepada khalayak. Salah satunyamelalui media iklan. Iklan Gojek Edisi Ramadhan di tengah pandemi berjudul “Cerita Hikayat Sang Musafir - eBadah” bertujuan untuk memperkenalkan fitur eBadah (ibadah secara virtual) melalui YouTube dan televisi. Proses penyampaian pesan melalui media menggiring khalayak menuju kondisi tertentu sesuai yang diinginkan oleh komunikator. Perangkat analisis pada penelitian ini adalah teori framing model William A. Gamson dan Andre Modligiani, terdiri dari visual image dan depiction dalam membentuk konstruksi pesan melalui representasi media. Data didapatkan melalui pengecekan ulang terhadap informasi yang diperoleh dengan melakukan wawancara kepada pihak Gojek secara mendalam. Proses pengolahan data menggunakan paradigma kosntruktivis danmetodekualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian,adanya kekuatan media dalam mengkonstruksi realitas yang dibentuk. Framing YouTube dan Televisi menjadi berbeda didasarkan perubahan durasi, adegan, pengisi suara dan pesan yang disampaikan. Realitas sosial dipindahkan ke dalam pesan media YouTube dan Televisi sehingga mengubah citra dan konstruksi pesan. Pesan yang disampaikan oleh produser pada iklan di YouTube mengenai isu yang di angkat dari desa kecil pada masa awal Covid-19 muncul, pesan-pesan tersebut bertujuan mempengaruhi komunikan kearah sikap menjalankan protokol kesehatan menjaga jarak, menggunakan masker serta melakukan kebiasaan ibadah virtual menggunakan aplikasi Gojek.Sedangkan pesan iklan televisi mengarah pada penggunaan fitur GoFood dan GoGive sebagai produk yang baik guna menunjang e-Badah.Iklan Gojek bertemakan kegiatan sehari-hari di tengah pandemi disampaikan melalui gawaidan televisi dengan cerita lebih menarik kepada khalayak.
5-HTP inhibits eosinophilia via intracellular endothelial 5-HTRs; SNPs in 5-HTRs associate with asthmatic lung function
Authors: Walker Matthew T. , Bloodworth Jeffrey C. , Kountz Timothy S. , McCarty Samantha L. , Green Jeremy E. , Ferrie Ryan P. , Campbell Jackson A. , Averill Samantha H. , Beckman Kenneth B. , Grammer Leslie C. , Eng Celeste , Avila Pedro C. , Farber Harold J. , Rodriguez-Cintron William , Rodriguez-Santana Jose R. , Serebrisky Denise , Thyne Shannon M. , Seibold Max A. , Burchard Esteban G. , Kumar Rajesh , Cook-Mills Joan M. 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundPrevious research showed that 5-hydroxytryptophan (5HTP), a metabolic precursor of serotonin, reduces allergic lung inflammation by inhibiting eosinophil migration across endothelial monolayers.ObjectiveIt is unknown if serotonin receptors are involved in mediating this 5HTP function or if serotonin receptor (HTR) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associate with lung function in humans.MethodsSerotonin receptor subtypes were assessed by qPCR, western blot, confocal microscopy, pharmacological inhibitors and siRNA knockdown. HTR SNPs were assessed in two cohorts.ResultsPharmacological inhibition or siRNA knockdown of the serotonin receptors HTR1A or HTR1B in endothelial cells abrogated the inhibitory effects of 5HTP on eosinophil transendothelial migration. In contrast, eosinophil transendothelial migration was not inhibited by siRNA knockdown of HTR1A or HTR1B in eosinophils. Surprisingly, these HTRs were intracellular in endothelial cells and an extracellular supplementation with serotonin did not inhibit eosinophil transendothelial migration. This is consistent with the inability of serotonin to cross membranes, the lack of selective serotonin reuptake receptors on endothelial cells, and the studies showing minimal impact of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on asthma. To extend our HTR studies to humans with asthma, we examined the CHIRAH and GALA cohorts for HTR SNPs that affect HTR function or are associated with behavior disorders. A polygenic index of SNPs in HTRs was associated with lower lung function in asthmatics.ConclusionsSerotonin receptors mediate 5HTP inhibition of transendothelial migration and HTR SNPs associate with lower lung function. These results may serve to aid in design of novel interventions for allergic inflammation.
Analysis of fluid force and flow fields during gliding in swimming using smoothed particle hydrodynamics method
Authors: Liu Meng-Meng , Yu Chuan-Wen , Meng Qing-Hua , Hao Xiao-Fan , Chen Zhi-Long , He Ming 
Published: May 2024

Gliding is a crucial phase in swimming, yet the understanding of fluid force and flow fields during gliding remains incomplete. This study analyzes gliding through Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations. Specifically, a numerical model based on the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method for flow-object interactions is established. Fluid motion is governed by continuity, Navier-Stokes, state, and displacement equations. Modified dynamic boundary particles are used to implement solid boundaries, and steady and uniform flows are generated with inflow and outflow conditions. The reliability of the SPH model is validated by replicating a documented laboratory experiment on a circular cylinder advancing steadily beneath a free surface. Reasonable agreement is observed between the numerical and experimental drag force and lift force. After the validation, the SPH model is employed to analyze the passive drag, vertical force, and pitching moment acting on a streamlined gliding 2D swimmer model as well as the surrounding velocity and vorticity fields, spanning gliding velocities from 1 m/s to 2.5 m/s, submergence depths from 0.2 m to 1 m, and attack angles from −10° to 10°. The results indicate that with the increasing gliding velocity, passive drag and pitching moment increase whereas vertical force decreases. The wake flow and free surface demonstrate signs of instability. Conversely, as the submergence depth increases, there is a decrease in passive drag and pitching moment, accompanied by an increase in vertical force. The undulation of the free surface and its interference in flow fields diminish. With the increase in the attack angle, passive drag and vertical force decrease whereas pitching moment increases, along with the alteration in wake direction and the increasing complexity of the free surface. These outcomes offer valuable insights into gliding dynamics, furnishing swimmers with a scientific basis for selecting appropriate submergence depth and attack angle.
Deciphering the microbial landscape of lower respiratory tract infections: insights from metagenomics and machine learning
Authors: Li Jiahuan , Xiong Anying , Wang Junyi , Wu Xue , Bai Lingling , Zhang Lei , He Xiang , Li Guoping 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundLower respiratory tract infections represent prevalent ailments. Nonetheless, current comprehension of the microbial ecosystems within the lower respiratory tract remains incomplete and necessitates further comprehensive assessment. Leveraging the advancements in metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) technology alongside the emergence of machine learning, it is now viable to compare the attributes of lower respiratory tract microbial communities among patients across diverse age groups, diseases, and infection types.MethodWe collected bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples from 138 patients diagnosed with lower respiratory tract infections and conducted mNGS to characterize the lung microbiota. Employing various machine learning algorithms, we investigated the correlation of key bacteria in patients with concurrent bronchiectasis and developed a predictive model for hospitalization duration based on these identified key bacteria.ResultWe observed variations in microbial communities across different age groups, diseases, and infection types. In the elderly group, Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibited the highest relative abundance, followed by Corynebacterium striatum and Acinetobacter baumannii. Methylobacterium and Prevotella emerged as the dominant genera at the genus level in the younger group, while Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Haemophilus influenzae were prevalent species. Within the bronchiectasis group, dominant bacteria included Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Significant differences in the presence of Pseudomonas phage JBD93 were noted between the bronchiectasis group and the control group. In the group with concomitant fungal infections, the most abundant genera were Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas, with Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the predominant species. Notable differences were observed in the presence of Human gammaherpesvirus 4, Human betaherpesvirus 5, Candida albicans, Aspergillus oryzae, and Aspergillus fumigatus between the group with concomitant fungal infections and the bacterial group. Machine learning algorithms were utilized to select bacteria and clinical indicators associated with hospitalization duration, confirming the excellent performance of bacteria in predicting hospitalization time.ConclusionOur study provided a comprehensive description of the microbial characteristics among patients with lower respiratory tract infections, offering insights from various perspectives. Additionally, we investigated the advanced predictive capability of microbial community features in determining the hospitalization duration of these patients.
Influences of cultural capital and internationalization on global competence in higher education: a systematic literature review
Authors: Teng Yiying , Cosier Meghan E. 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionIn an increasingly global economy, the global competence of students in higher education is a critical area of importance. The purpose of the study was to explore the research on factors that influence an individual’s global competence in both international and Chinese contexts.MethodsUnder the umbrella of cultural capital theory and Internationalization, a systematic literature review analyzed and synthesized the empirical studies of global competence from 2013 to 2022.ResultsThis research revealed that students with higher cultural capital backgrounds obtain more educational opportunities and further exhibit better global competence achievement. Internationalization abroad is a direct and practical pedagogy for global competence acquisition, reflected in student and faculty mobility. Internationalization opportunities in an individual’s home country catalyze global competence.ConclusionThese results highlight that students who have a lower capital background or few opportunities for mobility can reap the potential benefits of global competence attainment through involvement in domestic educational activities.
The effects of leptin on human cytotrophoblast invasion are gestational age and dose-dependent
Authors: Rumer Kristen K. , Sehgal Shilpi , Kramer Anita , Bogart Kevin P. , Winn Virginia D. 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionLeptin and its receptors are expressed by the human placenta throughout gestation, yet the role of leptin in early human placental development is not well characterized. Leptin is overexpressed in the placentas from preeclamptic (PE) pregnancies. PE can result from the impaired invasion of fetal placental cells, cytotrophoblasts (CTBs), into the maternal decidua. We hypothesized that elevated leptin levels would impair human CTB invasion.MethodsThe effects of leptin on the invasion of human CTBs were evaluated in three cell models, HTR-8/SVneo cells, primary CTBs, and placental villous explants using invasion assays. Further, leptin receptor expression was characterized in all three cell models using RT-PCR. Further phosphokinase assays were performed in HTR-8/SVneo cells to determine signaling pathways involved in CTB invasion in response to differential leptin doses.ResultsWe found that, prior to 8 weeks gestation, leptin promoted CTB invasion in the explant model. After 11 weeks gestation in explants, primary CTBs and in HTR-8/SVneo cells, leptin promoted invasion at moderate but not at high concentrations. Further, leptin receptor characterization revealed that leptin receptor expression did not vary over gestation, however, STAT, PI3K and MAPK pathways showed different signaling in response to varied leptin doses.DiscussionThese data suggest that the excess placental leptin observed in PE may cause impaired CTB invasion as a second-trimester defect. Leptin’s differential effect on trophoblast invasion may explain the role of hyperleptinemia in preeclampsia pathogenesis.
Validity of stem cell-loaded scaffolds to facilitate endometrial regeneration and restore fertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Qiao-yi , Zheng Hui-da , Shi Qi-yang , Xu Jian-hua 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveVarious stem cell-loaded scaffolds have demonstrated promising endometrial regeneration and fertility restoration. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of stem cell-loaded scaffolds in treating uterine injury in animal models.MethodsThe PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched. Data were extracted and analyzed using Review Manager version 5.4. Improvements in endometrial thickness, endometrial glands, fibrotic area, and number of gestational sacs/implanted embryos were compared after transplantation in the stem cell-loaded scaffolds and scaffold-only group. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and confidence interval (CI) were calculated using forest plots.ResultsThirteen studies qualified for meta-analysis. Overall, compared to the scaffold groups, stem cell-loaded scaffolds significantly increased endometrial thickness (SMD = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.54 to 2.44, P &lt; 0.00001; I² = 16%) and the number of endometrial glands (SMD = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.45 to 2.41, P &lt; 0.00001; I² = 0). Moreover, stem cell-loaded scaffolds present a prominent effect on improving fibrosis area (SMD = −2.50, 95% CI: –3.07 to –1.93, P &lt; 0.00001; I² = 36%) and fertility (SMD = 3.34, 95% CI: 1.58 to 5.09, P = 0.0002; I² = 83%). Significant heterogeneity among studies was observed, and further subgroup and sensitivity analyses identified the source of heterogeneity. Moreover, stem cell-loaded scaffolds exhibited lower inflammation levels and higher angiogenesis, and cell proliferation after transplantation.ConclusionThe evidence indicates that stem cell-loaded scaffolds were more effective in promoting endometrial repair and restoring fertility than the scaffold-only groups. The limitations of the small sample sizes should be considered when interpreting the results. Thus, larger animal studies and clinical trials are needed for further investigation.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier CRD42024493132.
Disease burden of breast cancer and risk factors in Europe 44 countries, 1990-2019: findings of the global burden of disease study 2019
Authors: Yu Shaohong , Cai Xiuli , Wang Xinyu , Lin Xiuquan , Cai Shuanglong 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundBreast cancer (BC) represents a significant health challenge in Europe due to its elevated prevalence and heterogeneity. Despite notable progress in diagnostic and treatment methods, the region continues to grapple with rising BC burdens, with comprehensive investigations into this matter notably lacking. This study explores BC burden and potential contributing risk factors in 44 European countries from 1990 to 2019. The aim is to furnish evidence supporting the development of strategies for managing BC effectively.MethodsDisease burden estimates related to breast cancer from the Global Burden of Disease 2019(GBD2019) across Eastern, Central, and Western Europe were examined using Joinpoint regression for trends from 1990 to 2019. Linear regression models examined relationships between BC burden and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), healthcare access and quality (HAQ), and BC prevalence. We utilized disability-adjusted life year(DALY) proportions for each risk factor to depict BC risks.ResultsIn Europe, the BC burden was 463.2 cases per 100,000 people in 2019, 1.7 times the global burden. BC burden in women was significantly higher and increased with age. Age-standardized mortality and DALY rates of BC in Europe in 2019 decreased by 23.1%(average annual percent change: AAPC -0.92) and 25.9%(AAPC -1.02), respectively, compared to 1990, in line with global trends. From 1990 to 2019, age-standardized DALY declined faster in Western Europe (-34.8%, AAPC -1.49) than in Eastern Europe (-9.4%, AAPC -0.25) and Central Europe (-15.0%, AAPC -0.56). Monaco, Serbia, and Montenegro had the highest BC burden in Europe in 2019. BC burden was negatively correlated with HAQ. In addition, Alcohol use and Tobacco were significant risk factors for DALY. High fasting plasma glucose and obesity were also crucial risk factors that cannot be ignored in DALY.ConclusionThe burden of BC in Europe remains a significant health challenge, with regional variations despite an overall downward trend. Addressing the burden of BC in different regions of Europe and the increase of DALY caused by different risk factors, targeted prevention measures should be taken, especially the management of alcohol and tobacco should be strengthened, and screening services for BC should be popularized, and medical resources and technology allocation should be optimized.