bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of caudal mandibular fracture and temporomandibular joint fracture-luxation using a bi-gnathic encircling and retaining device
Authors: Wyatt J. , Radke H. , Langley-Hobbs S. J. , Nicholson I. 
Published: February 2010

SummaryFractures of the caudal portion of the mandible and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) fracture-luxation can be challenging to treat with direct fixation methods. This paper describes a simple technique for the indirect treatment of caudal mandibular fracture and TMJ fracture-luxation using a subcutaneous loop of nylon leader line tunnelled around the maxilla, incisive and nasal bones, and under the mandible, placed just caudal to the canine teeth, and crimped ventral to the mandibular skin: a bi-gnathic encircling and retaining device (BEARD). A BEARD was used to treat two immature dogs with simple, unilateral caudal mandibular fractures, six cats with unilateral injury (two with TMJ luxation, three with TMJ fracture-luxation, one with caudal mandibular fracture), and two cats with bilateral injury (comminuted caudal mandibular fracture with contralateral TMJ luxation; bilateral condylar neck fracture). The BEARD treatment failed short-term due to poor tolerance in one cat, and concurrent injuries and poor initial reduction in another cat. One cat was lost to long-term follow-up. Rostral dental occlusion was normal in six out of seven cases, and reported jaw function was normal in seven out of seven cases. The case with poor occlusion had imperfect initial reduction. Complications included dorsal nasal skin swelling or discharge, oesophagostomy tube dislodgement or blockage, BEARD loosening, and regurgitation. Treatment of uni- or bilateral caudal mandibular trauma using a BEARD can lead to clinical union, and normal rostral occlusion, provided that case selection is appropriate and immediate-post-surgical occlusion has been corrected.
Bone transport osteogenesis for treatment of canine osteomyelitis
Authors: Petersen S. W. , Déjardin L. M. , Ting D. 
Published: February 2010

SummaryBone transport osteogenesis, as described by Ilizarov, has been used to resolve segmental bone defects in both human and veterinary patients. These defects are created when a large osseous tumour, sequestrum, or non-union fracture is resected. This report documents two cases in which the principle of bone transport osteogenesis was applied by utilising the Ilizarov technique to bridge large osseous defects resulting from debridement of an infected nonunion fracture (case 1) and debridement of a sequestrum (case 2). Defects were treated by transporting either a complete or a hemi-circumferential bone segment. Both cases had resolution of osteomyelitis, satisfactory fracture union, and functional usage of the limb 39 weeks and 15 weeks post-surgery, respectively. Although manageable complications were encountered during the treatment of these cases, the long-term clinical outcome was eventually favorable. The authors believe that bone transport osteogenesis offers a valid restorative option in the treatment of bone defects resulting from extensive debridement and sequestrectomy.
Macroscopic and microvascular blood supply of the canine common calcaneal tendon
Authors: Shmon C. L. , Linn K. A. , Singh B. , Gilbert P. J. 
Published: February 2010

SummaryChronic tendinopathy injuries to the canine common calcaneal tendon are relatively common in large breed dogs and typically affect the distal portion of the tendon. In humans, poor blood supply, biomechanical faults, poor training methods and fluoroquinolone administration have all been linked with the development of Achilles tendinopathy. The most common sites for Achilles tendinopathy in humans seem to correspond with areas of poor blood supply within the tendon.The aim of this study was to evaluate the blood supply of the canine common calcaneal (Achilles) tendon to determine if variations occur along the tendon. The null hypothesis was that there would be no difference in the microvascular blood supply at varying points along the tendon.Paired pelvic limbs were collected from 12 large breed dog cadavers. A 50% barium sulphate and 50% saline solution was infused into the femoral artery of one limb from each dog and radiographs were taken to outline the blood supply to the common calcaneal tendon. Indian ink was infused into the contralateral limb. The common calcaneal tendon was removed, fixed and sectioned at 1 cm intervals, from calcaneal insertion to musculotendinous junction. The ink-filled arteries and arterioles in each section were counted. Radiographs revealed fine branches from the caudal saphenous artery entering the mid-body of the tendon along its cranial border. The musculotendinous junction had additional branches from the gastrocnemius muscles. Distally, vessels radiated proximally from the calcaneus 2 to 3 cm into the tendon. Mean total vessel counts at the insertion (138.54 ± SD 31.06) were significantly higher than all other sections (p <0.001). The mid-body had significantly lower total vessel counts. When the cross sectional area of the tendon was taken into account, only the insertion had a significantly higher mean vessel count/cm2 than the mid-body of the tendon. There were no other significant differences in mean vessel count/cm2.Areas of poorer blood supply did not correspond with the most commonly reported site for chronic common calcanean tendinopathies, suggesting that inherent poor blood supply at the site of injury may not play a role in the pathogenesis. Atraumatic handling and minimal manipulation should be used during the surgical approach and debridement to preserve the remaining blood supply in ruptured tendons.
A case of bilateral patellar osteochondrosis and fracture in a cat
Authors: Palissier F. , Raymond-Letron I. , Autefage A. , Palierne S. 
Published: February 2010

SummaryFracture of the patella associated with bilateral osteochondrosis of the superior pole of the patella in a 14-week-old cat is reported with histological findings.Patellar osteochondrosis has been described in humans, horses, pigs, and dogs and is char-acterised by incomplete union of the ossification centres related to an abnormal process of endochondral ossification. However this disease has not yet been described in cats. Macroscopically, two main fragments separated by interposed tissue were identified on the left patella. In contrast, no fracture but only a fissuration of the articular cartilage was observed on the right patella. Bilateral partial patellectomy was performed. Histological examination of the excised fragments from the left patella revealed two main areas of trabecular bone separated by a wide irregular band of hyaline cartilage. The microscopic aspect of the right patella was similar to that of the left. Serial sections showed the initial appearance of an area of necrosis in the central band of hyaline cartilage, and that this hyaline cartilage was subsequently replaced by fibrovascular connective tissue.These findings indicate that some patellar fractures may be due to patellar osteochondrosis.
Osteomyelitis-related sequestrum formation in association with the combination tibial plateau levelling osteotomy and cranial closing wedge osteotomy procedure
Authors: Mertens W. D. , Bahr A. , Maley J. R. 
Published: February 2010

SummaryA twenty-eight-month old female spayed American Bulldog was presented for evaluation of a chronic draining tract and intermittent left hindlimb lameness twenty-eight weeks after a combination tibial plateau levelling osteotomy and cranial closing wedge osteotomy (TLPO/CCWO) had been performed. The patient had developed an infection of the surgical site three weeks postoperatively. Drainage persisted despite implant removal 10 weeks postoperatively and several weeks of culture and sensitivity-directed antibiotic therapy. Twenty-eight weeks postoperatively, a sequestrum was identified on radiographs. Surgical removal of the sequestrum resulted in resolution of the drainage. While osteomyelitis is a known complication of TPLO surgery, this case represents the first described case of osteomyelitis-related sequestrum formation in association with the combined TPLO/CCWO procedure
NOTES ON A NEW ORTHOPTEROUS INSECT
Authors: Thomas Prof. C. 
Published: February 2010

Cone of the vertex smooth on the margins, apex mucronate. Mesosernum bidentate. Green: labrum, clypeuss and underside of the cone yellow.Male and, Female. Cone of the vertex standing obliquely forward, apex mucrornate, the minute spine slightly deflexed, especially in the female; the sides parallel from the base a little above the first joint of the antennæ, where they are slightly angulate; not serrated or granulated on
the margins; front side has, near the base, a prominent tubercle; there is also a tubercle below this between the antennæ
ACCENTUATED LIST OF CANADIAN LEPIDOPTERA
Authors: Reed E. B. 
Published: February 2010

This List is compiled on the same principle as the oxford and cambridge Accentuated List of British Lepidopiera, of which valuable little book we have made free use. A quotalion from its preface well explains our object:“The want of uniformity in the pronunciation of scientific names, and the consequent difficulty of communication between the less educated, but often more practical men of science, is an admitted evil. To afford a remedy so far as Lepidopterology is concerned, and for the especial use and benefit of those to whom circumstances have denied the advantage of a classical education, while their inborn love of Natural History has led them to the study of this order of insects,” we have published this accentuated list of Canadian Lepidoptera.
ON THECLA INORATA, G. & R., AND THECLA FALACER, Godt
Authors: Grote Augustus B. 
Published: February 2010

In the proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, Mr. S. H. Scudder publishes a paper, “On the Synonymy of Thecla Calanus,” under date of March, 1870.Mr. Scudder says : “In Eastern North America there are two species of Thecla, closely allied, occupying, so far as we know, the same geographical area (from Canada to Virginia or Georgia, and from Massachusetts to Iowa), and, until recently, almost invariably confounded by American entomologists. Messrs. Grote & Robinson first called public attention to the fact of their specific distinctness, although Mr. W. Saunders, both in his correspondence and MSS., had previously urged the same point.
INSECTS OF THE NORTHERN PARTS OF BRITISH AMERICA
Authors: The Editor  
Published: February 2010

67. Trechus [Bradycellus] Tibialis, Kirby.—Length of body 2 3/4 lines. Only a single specimen taken.[47] Body black, somewhat glossy. The tip of the palpi and scape of the antennæ are rufous; the prothorax is rather wider than long, but nearly square; the short basilar furrows observable in Argutor distinguish species from the succeeding ones: elytra lightly furrowed, furrows impunctured; in the usual situation adjacent to the second furrow a little beyond the middle of the elytrum a very minute puncti from impression is just discernible ; the lateral margin and suture at the apex of the elytra are reddish: the tibiæ are rufous but the cubit is black, at the tip , the tarsi are darker, the hand has four dilated joints as in the other species of the genus.
DESCRIPTIONS OF LEPIDOPTERA FROM ALABAMA
Authors: Grote Aug. R. 
Published: February 2010

Specimens of the species alluded to in the present paper and types of the species described, are deposited in the Museum of the Peabody Academy of Science, Salem, Mass.Pygarctia Abdominalis Grote. ♂ This genus, allied to Ctenucha, is structurally, characterized by the very small labial palpi, which are not porrected but concealed beneath the head; the dark scales which tip the small terminal joints are projected straightly forward but do not exceed the front. The antennae are somewhat long and stout, shortly bipectinate.
NOTES ON SOME INSECTS OF NOVA SCOTIA AND CANADA
Authors: Walker Francis 
Published: February 2010

The following communication is introductory to a few remarks on the Nova Scotian and Canadian Insects which I have received through the kindness of J.M. Jones, Esq., W. Saunders, Esq., and Prof. Croft.The study of the geographical distribution of Insects has become more interesting by the differnece of opinion as to the origin and diffusion of species. The insects of seperate arctic regions have a great muttual resemblance, and the difference between them increases in the successive concentric circles from the above regions towards the equator.
DESCRIPTION OF HESPERIA CONSPICUA (EDW.)
Authors: Parker PROF. H. W. 
Published: February 2010

Mr. Edwards describes and figures a female of this large species, from Michigan, in Proc. Ent. Soc., Phil. 1863. The following is a description of the male, collected by me in Iowa, July 4. The spots are numbered as in Mr. Edwards account:The secondaries, above and beneath, are like those of the female.—Above. from the border of the primaries to near the base, the color is yellow, except the sexual dash and dark veining; an oblique line at end of the cell, from which a dark shade extends to the outermost spot; resting midway on this, a narrow shade runs from the first three spots along the subcostal vein.
ON A NEW CHECKERED HESPERIA
Authors: Grote Aug. R. 
Published: February 2010

A common species of Hesperia in central Alabama, and that I do not find described by authors, is one that I call Syricthus communis. It is plentiful from early spring to autumn, and must be several brooded, but I have not found the larva.The male is a little smaller, ans the white checkered spots are altogether larger and more numerous, than in the female. The ground colour of the wings is a brownish black, and longer bluish white hair spreads from the base of the forewings over the inferior portion of the primaries, and from the base of the hind wings downwardly without touching the abdominal margin
DESCRIPTIONS OF NORTH AMERICAN HYMENOPTERA, No 3
Authors: Cresson E. T. 
Published: February 2010

This Braconid genus belongs to Wesmael's Polymorphes, and the species described below to Haliday's subgenus Meteorus, which is distinguished from the other genera or subgenera with Petiolated abdomen, by the anterior wing having three contiguous cubital cells.1. Perilitus Niveitarsis. N. sp.––♂ ♀.––Ferruginous, shining; cheeks, sides of thorax and apex of abdomen thinly clothed with a short, whitish, somewhat pruinose pubescence; face and mouth pale ferruginous; palpi whitish; occiput and space enclosed by ocelli, blackish; antennae entirely dark fuscous; prothorax and sutures of mesothorax blackish; metathorax rounded, reticulated and with a trarsverse arcuate carina before the middle; tegulae Pale yellow; wings hyaline, iridescent.
Molecular cloning, characterization, and expression analysis of a novel sema-2a homologue inPolyrhachis vicina(Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: Luo Jing , Xi Geng-Si , Lü Shu-Min , Li Ke , Li Qing 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe semaphorin gene family plays important roles in axonal guidance in vertebrates and invertebrates. Semaphorin 2a, a member of the semaphorin family, belongs to class 2, which is found only in invertebrates. In our study, semaphorin 2a was cloned from the antPolyrhachis vicinaRoger. The full length ofP. vicinasemaphorin 2a (Pv-sema-2a) is 2763 base pairs (bp) and it contains a 5′-untranslated region (UTR) 92 bp long and a 3′-UTR 521 bp long. The open reading frame of Pv-sema-2a encodes a 716-amino-acid protein with a predicted molecular mass of 81.1 kilodaltons. Real-time quantitative reverse-transcription – polymerase chain reaction indicated that Pv-sema-2a mRNA is differentially expressed duringP. vicinadevelopment, in the whole bodies as well as the heads of different castes. The high mRNA levels in embryos and pupae suggest that Pv-sema-2a plays an important role in ant development.
Nitric Oxide Is Involved in Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin–Activated Jagged1 and Notch1 Signaling
Authors: Kapoor Nisha , Narayana Yeddula , Patil Shripad A. , Balaji Kithiganahalli N. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Pathogenic mycobacteria have evolved unique strategies to survive within the hostile environment of macrophages. Modulation of key signaling cascades by NO, generated by the host during infection, assumes critical importance in overall cell-fate decisions. We show that NO is a critical factor in Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin–mediated Notch1 activation, as the generation of activated Notch1 or expression of Notch1 target genes matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) or Hes1 was abrogated in macrophages derived from inducible NO synthase (iNOS) knockout (iNOS−/−), but not from wild-type, mice. Interestingly, expression of the Notch1 ligand Jagged1 was compromised in M. bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin–stimulated iNOS−/− macrophages, and loss of Jagged1 expression or Notch1 signaling could be rescued by NO donors. Signaling perturbations or genetic approaches implicated that robust expression of MMP-9 or Hes1 required synergy and cross talk between TLR2 and canonical Notch1-PI3K cascade. Further, CSL/RBP-Jk contributed to TLR2-mediated expression of MMP-9 or Hes1. Correlative evidence shows that, in a murine model for CNS tuberculosis, this mechanism operates in vivo only in brains derived from WT but not from iNOS−/− mice. Importantly, we demonstrate the activation of Notch1 signaling in vivo in granulomatous lesions in the brains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected human patients with tuberculous meningitis. Current investigation identifies NO as a pathological link that modulates direct cooperation of TLR2 with Notch1-PI3K signaling or Jagged1 to regulate specific components of TLR2 responses. These findings provide new insights into mechanisms by which Notch1, TLR2, and NO signals are integrated in a cross talk that modulates a defined set of effector functions in macrophages.
Factors Influencing Satisfaction and Efficacy of Services at a Free-Standing Psychiatric Occupational Therapy Clinic
Authors: Haertl Kristine , Behrens Kari , Houtujec Jill , Rue Ashley , Ten Haken Rachel 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
As the number of therapists in mental health settings continues to decline, research is needed to explore the scope, satisfaction, and efficacy of services. In this study, we used Patton’s (1997) Utilization-Focused Program Evaluation to explore scope of services, therapist and client satisfaction, and perceived efficacy of services in a free-standing community-based mental health occupational therapy clinic. Surveys were administered to 36 clients and 9 therapists and followed up by qualitative interviews with 6 therapists. We identified characteristics unique to a free-standing psychiatric occupational therapy clinic, along with factors contributing to satisfaction and perceived efficacy of services. The importance of a supportive therapeutic environment and emphasis on the therapist–client relationship were cited as key factors influencing both satisfaction and effectiveness of service. Results are presented and compared with the existing literature.
Factor Structure of Four Visual–Motor Instruments Commonly Used to Evaluate School-Age Children
Authors: Brown Ted , Unsworth Carolyn , Lyons Carissa 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. Having access to high-quality, rigorously developed, valid visual–motor integration assessment tools is the first step in the process of providing effective clinical services to children presenting with visual–motor integration problems. The aim of this study was to examine the factor structure of four visual–motor integration instruments through factor analysis.
METHOD. The participants included 400 children ages 5 to 12, recruited from six schools in the Melbourne metropolitan area, Victoria, Australia. Children completed the Developmental Test of Visual–Motor Integration (VMI), Test of Visual–Motor Integration (TVMI), Test of Visual–Motor Skills–Revised (TVMS–R), and Slosson Visual–Motor Performance Test (SVMPT). The factor analysis was completed using SPSS.
RESULTS. Results indicated that the VMI displayed six factors; TVMI, three factors; TVMS–R, four factors; and SVMPT, three factors.
CONCLUSION. The VMI, TVMI, TVMS–R, and SVMPT exhibited multidimensionality, and it is recommended that the instruments be revised to enhance their construct validity and unidimensionality.
Power Mobility for a Nursing Home Resident With Dementia
Authors: Wang Rosalie H. , Holliday Pamela J. , Fernie Geoff R. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. This case study describes an occupational therapy intervention to increase the self-mobility and social participation of a nursing home resident with dementia using a power wheelchair equipped with a collision-prevention system.
METHOD. We used an exploratory case study design. Data sources included the medical record, standardized assessments, interviews, observations of daily activities, and a driving log.
RESULTS. During driving sessions, changes in affect such as smiling and attempts to socialize were noted. The resident required ongoing prompting to operate the modified power wheelchair.
CONCLUSION. The resident was unable to achieve self-mobility with an intervention involving a modified power wheelchair. However, this study demonstrates that even supervised mobility can have a positive impact on affect and social participation. Observations from this study are being applied to the design and testing of the next generation of power wheelchairs intended for use by nursing home residents with dementia.
Seniors’ Perceptions of Vehicle Safety Risks and Needs
Authors: Shaw Lynn , Miller Polgar Jan , Vrkljan Brenda , Jacobson Jill 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe investigation of vehicle safety needs for older drivers and passengers is integral for their safe transportation. A program of research on safe transportation for seniors was launched through AUTO21, a Canadian Network of Centres of Excellence. This national research network focuses on a wide range of automotive issues, from materials and design to safety and societal issues. An inductive qualitative inquiry of seniors’ driving experiences, safety feature use, and strategies to prevent injury and manage risks was a first step in this program. We conducted interviews and focus groups with 58 seniors without disabilities and 9 seniors with disabilities. We identified a lack of congruity between the vehicle and safety feature design and seniors’ needs. Seniors described strategies to manage their safety and that of others. Specific aspects of vehicle design, safety features, and action strategies that support safer use and operation of a vehicle by seniors are outlined.
Traffic Violations Versus Driving Errors of Older Adults: Informing Clinical Practice
Authors: Classen Sherrilene , Shechtman Orit , Awadzi Kezia D. , Joo Yongsung , Lanford Desiree N. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Certain driving errors are predictive of crashes, but whether the type of errors evaluated during on-road assessment is similar to traffic violations that are associated with crashes is unknown. Using the crash data of 5,345 older drivers and expert reviewers, we constructed a violation-to-error classification based on rater agreement. We examined the effects of predictor variables on crash-related injuries by risk probability using logistic regression. Drivers’ mean age was 76.08 (standard deviation = 7.10); 45.7% were women. Of drivers, 44.6% sustained crash-related injuries, and female drivers had a higher injury probability (44%) than male drivers (29%). Lane maintenance, yielding, and gap acceptance errors predicted crash-related injuries with almost 50% probability; speed regulation (34%), vehicle positioning (25%), and adjustment-to-stimuli (21%) errors predicted crash-related injuries to a lesser degree. We suggest injury prevention strategies for clinicians and researchers to consider for older drivers, especially older women.