bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indian Financial Systems and Stockmarkets During COVID 19- Shape off Post Covid Through AI and Other Digital Tools
Authors: Umasankar Thogaram , Asthana P. K. 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Apart from the loss of precious lives, COVID-19 pandemic caused setbacks to all the developmental works, progress of the economy of all countries with serious repercussions on financial systems and stock markets. Most economies, including Indian stock markets since recovered from the shock, showing robustness due to stringent regulatory framework, started rebuilding, from the vertical fall. India as a nation had sufficient leeway to respond to the crisis and market instability, due to its inner strength.
Aim: This is a theoretical study of the reaction of stock markets, also of expansionary monetary policies during pandemic, the resurgence of financial system and recovery of Indian stock markets, with extreme adoption of Digital tools like AI for Algo trading .
Method: Secondary research methods have been adopted, for analyzing conceptual approaches of regulatory frameworks of the Securities market, Central bank, amid volatility, to draw conclusions. The stock market data (NSE) is subjected to VaR test.
Findings: The Study finds that country has responded quickly to the outbreak of the crisis by easing capital and liquidity requirements or at least refraining from the previously planned tightening. At the same time, the authors noticed that loan-based measures and minimum reserve requirements were rarely relaxed and risk weights were not changed at all. Digital tools like Algo trading, AI based advisory gained prominence
Conclusion: The impact of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on financial system and the stock markets in India, is significant. But Monetary policy, liquidity operations and aid packages that were offered by the Government have minimized the impact to a large extent and brought the financial systems back onto the rail.
Key Words: Corona Virus, Financial Markets, Stock market, Algo trade.
Towards a De-Gendered Workplace: A Concept Note for Promoting Gender Equity and Inclusivity
Authors: Kannaiyan Saravanan , Neelamegam Arivarasan 
Published: April 2024

This conceptual article delves into the imperative of developing a de-gendered workplace that fosters gender equity and inclusivity. Historically, workplaces have been shaped by traditional gender roles, perpetuating biases and discrimination. However, as societal attitudes evolve, the need to create an environment that transcends these norms and embraces diversity has become evident. This abstract outline the key elements and strategies to promote a de-gendered workplace that empowers all individuals, regardless of their gender identity.
The concept note emphasizes the importance of challenging and redefining gender roles within the workplace. By conducting workshops and training sessions, organizations can raise awareness among employees about gender stereotypes and biases, paving the way for more inclusive behaviors. Furthermore, addressing unconscious bias plays a pivotal role in promoting gender equity. Organizations are encouraged to invest in diversity training that facilitates self-awareness and empathy, empowering individuals to overcome inherent biases.
To achieve a de-gendered workplace, equal opportunities and representation are fundamental. Transparent hiring and promotion practices can eliminate gender-based discrimination, ensuring a level playing field for all employees. Flexible work policies that accommodate diverse needs, such as remote work options and parental leave, foster a supportive work environment and work-life balance.
Empowering leadership is instrumental in driving change. Leaders are urged to actively champion gender equity initiatives, set measurable goals, and lead by example. Promoting gender-inclusive language in all communications further contributes to a respectful and inclusive culture.
Main ways to improve the quality of the work of the institute of postgraduate studies in Russia
Authors: Osipov Mikhail 
Published: April 2024

The subject of research in this article are the features and patterns of postgraduate work in the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study is to consider the features and patterns of postgraduate work in the Russian Federation.
Among the research methods that were used in this study include: functional analysis, factor analysis, system analysis. At the same time, system analysis was used to analyze the management system for the training of scientific, pedagogical and scientific personnel in the Russian Federation; functional analysis was used to analyze the functioning of management systems for the training of scientific - pedagogical and scientific personnel in graduate school. Factor analysis was used to analyze the factors that affect the functioning of the management system for the training of scientific, pedagogical and scientific personnel in graduate school, both positive and negative.
In the course of the study, it was found that the effectiveness of postgraduate studies in the Russian Federation is largely determined by the quality of management of the process of training scientific, pedagogical and scientific personnel, starting from setting a goal: why does a university or research institute need postgraduate studies, and ending with an analysis of the results obtained, which consists in analyzing the quality of prepared and defended dissertations by graduate students of a particular university or research institute. This article also provides an analysis of the factors that affect the efficiency of postgraduate studies in the Russian Federation, and offers specific recommendations for improving the work of postgraduate schools in the Russian Federation, including through the conclusion of permanent or temporary contracts with postgraduate graduates who have successfully defended their dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Sciences.
Onde está o infotenimento? Análise dos telejornais maranhenses JMTV 1ª Edição e Hora D
Authors: Alves da Silva Marcelli , Medeiros Frida Bárbara 
Published: April 2024

Este artigo busca discutir o infotenimento no contexto do telejornalismo maranhense e tem como a intenção compreender como funciona o processo. A metodologia utilizada foi a entrevista semiestruturada. O corpus se constitui por seis profissionais entrevistados, todos jornalistas. Três da tv Difusora, afiliada do Sistema Brasileiro de Televisão e três da tv Mirante, afiliada da Rede Globo de Televisão, ambas no estado do Maranhão. As entrevistas foram realizadas de forma presencial, no ano de 2022. Concluímos, que os telejornais analisados fazem uso do infotenimento de maneira coerente com as linhas editoriais da emissora e cumprem os requisitos de informar. Percebemos, também, que fatores como a função social do jornalismo, os procedimentos de marketing, as linhas editoriais como as empresas estão inseridas, ou o estilo do programa analisado, e a autonomia da equipe que produziu os telejornais devem ser levados em conta quando tratar da temática. Acreditamos que há reflexões necessárias a se fazer sobre quais caminhos o telejornalismo trilhará nos próximos anos.
PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOME MEASURES AFTER OPEN LOWER LIMB FRACTURE REPAIR
Authors: Orekan Anita , Evans Eleanor , Cloake Thomas , Ward Jayne 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionOpen fractures are complex injuries associated with substantial morbidity. These injuries are associated with harm to both physical and emotional health as well as preclusion of work, social, and leisure activities. Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) and health related quality of life are critical indicators of successful rehabilitation following open fracture treatment. This study aimed to measure the PROMs for patients with open lower limb fractures and investigate the relationship with injury severity.Materials & MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed at a single major trauma centre in the UK. All adult patients with an open lower limb fracture were eligible for inclusion. Patients were identified through a search of a local Open Fracture Database. Epidemiological, clinical, and fracture classification data were obtained by reviewing case notes. Lower Extremity Function Scale (LEFS) and EQ5-D were used as PROMs and measured by a postal questionnaire, alongside return to employment data.ResultsA total of 73 patients responded to the questionnaire. Median LEFS was 42 (IQR 26.5 – 59.5), and median EQ5-D was 0.69 (IQR 0.48 – 0.89). There was no significant association between open fracture classification and PROMs. Over 40% of patients reported a change in employment due to their injury. Those who changed jobs had a statistically significant reduction in the EQ5-D of 0.12 (p = 0.021); no significant difference existed in LEFS.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the devastating functional impact of open fractures. This cohort of open injuries reported lower functional and quality-of-life measures compared to population norms. Injury classification was not a valuable predictor of PROMs. A substantial proportion of patients were forced to change employment due to their injury, and these patients reported a significantly lower quality of life. Further work is required to understand the factors contributing to open fracture PROMs.
Khat consumption and undernutrition among adult population in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Oumer Abdu 
Published: April 2024

Background
In Ethiopia, malnutrition is a public health threat causing a significant burden of morbidity, mortality, and economic crisis. Simultaneously, khat consumption is alarmingly increasing among adults, yet it might contribute to the existing burden of malnutrition, where the current evidence is inconclusive. Hence, this review was to estimate the association between khat consumption and undernutrition among adults in Ethiopia.

Methods
A comprehensive search for Google, Google Scholar, and PubMed, coupled with a thorough manual search of the literature, was done up to date, October 18, 2023, using relevant search terms: “impact," "effects," “khat chewing," “khat consumption," "Ethiopia," “nutritional status," and "undernutrition." An updated PRISMA guideline was used to select relevant literature. The extracted data was summarized in narrative summaries, descriptions, and meta-analyses. The risk of bias was assessed. The results are presented in forest plots and funnel plots to assess publication bias. A pooled effect size (odds ratio) with a 95% certainty level was reported.

Results
While a total of 17 articles (n = 45,679) were included in the narrative review, only 15 articles were included in the quantitative meta-analysis. The majority of studies had a low and moderate risk of bias (based on risk of bias assessment tool), mainly due to unclear exposure assessment and high study heterogeneity. A total of 11 studies were cross-sectional studies (71%), three were comparative studies (17.4%), and three were case control studies (17.4%). There is a higher risk of publication bias as evidenced by the funnel plot. Overall, five studies were from the Oromia region, and three studies were conducted at the national level. Overall, chewing had been shown to significantly increase the risk of undernutrition by 53% (pooled OR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.09–2.16) under a random effect model. Under the fixed effect model, higher weight was given to national-level studies with higher samples, where chewing contributed to a 12% increased risk of undernutrition (AOR = 1.12; 95% CI: 1.01–2.23). Hence, khat chewing could raise the odds of undernutrition by 12–53%.

Conclusion
There is evidence of an association between khat chewing and an increased risk of undernutrition among adults in Ethiopia, which highlights the need for public health interventions to address the potential adverse effects of khat chewing on nutritional status.
Causal relationships of Helicobacter pylori and related gastrointestinal diseases on Type 2 diabetes: Univariable and Multivariable Mendelian randomization
Authors: Sun Mei , Zhang Zhe , Zhang Jingjing , Zhang Juewei , Jia Zhuqiang , Zhao Lin , Han Xin , Sun Xiaohong , Zong Junwei , Zhu Ying , Wang Shouyu 
Published: April 2024

Background
Previous observational studies have demonstrated a connection between the risk of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and gastrointestinal problems brought on by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. However, little is understood about how these factors impact on T2DM.

Method
This study used data from the GWAS database on H. pylori antibodies, gastroduodenal ulcers, chronic gastritis, gastric cancer, T2DM and information on potential mediators: obesity, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and blood glucose levels. Using univariate Mendelian randomization (MR) and multivariate MR (MVMR) analyses to evaluate the relationship between H. pylori and associated gastrointestinal diseases with the risk of developing of T2DM and explore the presence of mediators to ascertain the probable mechanisms.

Results
Genetic evidence suggests that H. pylori IgG antibody (P = 0.006, b = 0.0945, OR = 1.0995, 95% CI = 1.023–1.176), H. pylori GroEL antibody (P = 0.028, OR = 1.033, 95% CI = 1.004–1.064), gastroduodenal ulcers (P = 0.019, OR = 1.036, 95% CI = 1.006–1.068) and chronic gastritis (P = 0.005, OR = 1.042, 95% CI = 1.012–1.074) are all linked to an increased risk of T2DM, additionally, H. pylori IgG antibody is associated with obesity (P = 0.034, OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.002–1.055). The results of MVMR showed that the pathogenic relationship between H. pylori GroEL antibody and gastroduodenal ulcer in T2DM is mediated by blood glucose level and obesity, respectively.

Conclusion
Our study found that H. pylori IgG antibody, H. pylori GroEL antibody, gastroduodenal ulcer and chronic gastritis are all related to t T2DM, and blood glucose level and obesity mediate the development of H. pylori GroEL antibody and gastroduodenal ulcer on T2DM, respectively. These findings may inform new prevention and intervention strategies for T2DM.
Identifying areas of Australia with high out-of-hospital cardiac arrest incidence and low bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation rates: A retrospective, observational study
Authors: Doan Tan , Howell Stuart , Ball Stephen , Finn Judith , Cameron Peter , Bosley Emma , Dicker Bridget , Faddy Steven , Nehme Ziad , Heriot Natalie , Swain Andy , Thorrowgood Melanie , Thomas Andrew , Perillo Samuel , McDermott Mike , Smith Tony , Smith Karen , Belcher Jason , Bray Janet ,   on behalf of the Aus-ROC OHCA Epistry Management Committee
Published: April 2024

Aim
This study aims to explore regional variation and identify regions within Australia with high incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and low rates of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

Method
Adult OHCAs of presumed medical aetiology occurring across Australia between 2017 and 2019 were mapped onto local government areas (LGA) using the location of arrest coordinates. Bayesian spatial models were applied to provide “smoothed” estimates of OHCA incidence and bystander CPR rates (for bystander-witnessed OHCAs) for each LGA. For each state and territory, high-risk LGAs were defined as those with an incidence rate greater than the state or territory’s 75th percentile and a bystander CPR rate less than the state or territory’s 25th percentile.

Results
A total of 62,579 OHCA cases attended by emergency medical services across 543 LGAs nationwide were included in the study. Nationally, the OHCA incidence rate across LGA ranged from 58.5 to 198.3 persons per 100,000, while bystander CPR rates ranged from 45% to 75%. We identified 60 high-risk LGAs, which were predominantly located in the state of New South Wales. Within each region, high-risk LGAs were typically located in regional and remote areas of the country, except for four metropolitan areas–two in Adelaide and two in Perth.

Conclusions
We have identified high-risk LGAs, characterised by high incidence and low bystander CPR rates, which are predominantly in regional and remote areas of Australia. Strategies for reducing OHCA and improving bystander response may be best targeted at these regions.
Characterization of the subdifferential and minimizers for the anisotropic p-capacity
Authors: Cabezas-Rivas Esther , Moll Salvador , Solera Marcos 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We obtain existence of minimizers for the p-capacity functional defined with respect to a centrally symmetric anisotropy for

1
<
p
<
∞

{1<p<\infty}

, including the case of a crystalline norm in

ℝ
N

{\mathbb{R}^{N}}

. The result is obtained by a characterization of the corresponding subdifferential and it applies to unbounded domains of the form

ℝ
N

∖

Ω
¯

{\mathbb{R}^{N}\setminus\overline{\Omega}}

under mild regularity assumptions (Lipschitz-continuous boundary) and no convexity requirements on the bounded domain Ω. If we further assume an interior ball condition (where the Wulff shape plays the role of a ball), then any minimizer is shown to be Lipschitz continuous.
Vein segmentation and visualization of upper and lower extremities using convolution neural network
Authors: Laddi Amit , Goyal Shivalika , Himani  , Savlania Ajay 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The study focused on developing a reliable real-time venous localization, identification, and visualization framework based upon deep learning (DL) self-parametrized Convolution Neural Network (CNN) algorithm for segmentation of the venous map for both lower and upper limb dataset acquired under unconstrained conditions using near-infrared (NIR) imaging setup, specifically to assist vascular surgeons during venipuncture, vascular surgeries, or Chronic Venous Disease (CVD) treatments.

Methods
A portable image acquisition setup has been designed to collect venous data (upper and lower extremities) from 72 subjects. A manually annotated image dataset was used to train and compare the performance of existing well-known CNN-based architectures such as ResNet and VGGNet with self-parameterized U-Net, improving automated vein segmentation and visualization.

Results
Experimental results indicated that self-parameterized U-Net performs better at segmenting the unconstrained dataset in comparison with conventional CNN feature-based learning models, with a Dice score of 0.58 and displaying 96.7 % accuracy for real-time vein visualization, making it appropriate to locate veins in real-time under unconstrained conditions.

Conclusions
Self-parameterized U-Net for vein segmentation and visualization has the potential to reduce risks associated with traditional venipuncture or CVD treatments by outperforming conventional CNN architectures, providing vascular assistance, and improving patient care and treatment outcomes.
Assessment of potentially toxic elements and health risks of agricultural soil in Southwest Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: El-Sorogy Abdelbaset S. , Al Khathlan Mohammed H. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The rise of emerging pollutants in the environment as a result of economic growth poses a worldwide challenge for the management of environmental and human health. The objective of this study was to assess the presence of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the agricultural soil of southwest Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and to evaluate the potential health risks associated with these elements. Soil samples were collected from 31 farms, and the concentrations of As, Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn, and Fe were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry. Various contamination and health risk indices, along with multivariate analyses, were employed in the evaluation. The mean concentrations of PTEs (mg/kg) followed the order: Fe (15,556) > Zn (53.36) > Ni (21.78) > Cu (11.92) > Pb (10.42) > As (2.64). The average PTE concentrations were found to be lower than background levels and the world-soil average. Contamination indices indicated that the studied soil was moderately enriched and contaminated for As, slightly enriched for Zn and Ni, and not enriched for Cu and Pb. This suggests that the PTEs in the soil do not pose a significant threat, although some individual samples exhibited significant enrichment for Zn and Pb. Multivariate analyses suggested a geogenic source for the PTEs, with some contribution from anthropogenic factors for As, Zn, and Pb. The average hazard index values ranged from 0.000293 (Zn) to 0.030561 (Fe) for adults and from 0.002726541 (Zn) to 0.284670158 (Fe) for children, indicating no significant non-carcinogenic risk to the population in the study area. Additionally, the Lifetime Cancer Risk values for adults and children ranged from 6.94 × 10−6 to 6.46 × 10−5 for As and from 7.13 × 10−8 to 6.65 × 10−7 for Pb, suggesting acceptable or tolerable carcinogenic risk and no significant health hazards.
Theoretical investigation of hydrogen-rich fuel production through ammonia decomposition
Authors: Shafie Payam , DeChamplain Alain , Lepine Julien 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Considering the challenges related to hydrogen storage and transportation which hinder its widespread adoption, ammonia has emerged as a carbon-free carrier for hydrogen due to several advantages such as simple inexpensive storage. But, due to some limitations related to net ammonia combustion, the suggestion is to store hydrogen in the form of ammonia and convert it into hydrogen-rich fuel before utilization in different applications like engines and turbines. Therefore, in this article, a comprehensive thermodynamic analysis of hydrogen-rich fuel production via ammonia decomposition is conducted utilizing Aspen Plus V.12, to assess the impact of operating parameters on key criteria such as conversion rate (CR) and enthalpy of reaction, to establish the maximum level of efficiency of the process. The results show that at a specific temperature, the CR of ammonia decreases as the pressure rises so that the CR of more than 50% occurred at temperatures of 427 and 513 K for pressures of 1 and 10 bar, respectively. Moreover, the adiabatic flame temperature of hydrogen-rich fuel is investigated so that increasing the molar percentage of hydrogen from 0 to 50 leads to an increase in the maximum adiabatic flame temperature from 2,079 to 2,216 K.
Сибирский текст В.П. Астафьева в «других» языках и культурах: переводоведческий этюд
Authors: Разумовская Вероника Адольфовна 
Published: April 2024

АннотацияТексты сибирских писателей неразрывно связаны с русской культурой и отражают ее разнообразие. Традиционным источником информации о России для представителей «других» культур остаются тексты литературы, что является проявлением литературоцентризма. Произведения В.П. Астафьева обращены к культурным и духовным ценностям родной для него Сибири. В XXI в. они не утратили актуальности в России и продолжают пользоваться научным интересом и признанием у зарубежных читателей, которые знакомятся с творчеством автора-сибиряка в переводах. Исследование обращено к ряду вопросов истории, теории и практики создания переводов астафьевских текстов на иностранных языках.