bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modifications to the subtemporal selective amygdalohippocampectomy using a minimal-access technique: seizure and neuropsychological outcomes
Authors: Little Andrew S. , Smith Kris A. , Kirlin Kristin , Baxter Leslie C. , Chung Steve , Maganti Rama , Treiman David M. 
Published: April 2009

Object
The authors introduce a minimal-access subtemporal approach for selective resection of the amygdala and hippocampus in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and describe seizure and neuropsychological outcomes.

Methods
Between October 2003 and April 2007, 41 consecutive patients with intractable unilateral nonlesional temporal lobe epilepsy underwent image-guided subtemporal amygdalohippocampectomy. Baseline characteristics, preoperative evaluations, and seizure outcomes were assessed. Eighteen patients underwent pre- and postoperative neuropsychological testing for cognitive functioning, executive functioning, verbal and visual memory, and mood.

Results
Important aspects of the subtemporal approach include a low temporal keyhole craniotomy, use of image guidance, preservation of the tentorium, incision in the fusiform gyrus, and subpial, en bloc resection of the hippocampus. There were no deaths and no cases of significant postoperative morbidity. At 1 year, 29 of 36 patients (81%) were without seizures or auras. At 2 years, 17 of 23 (74%) patients were seizure- and aura-free. Detailed neuropsychological testing of language, memory, cognitive functioning, and executive functioning suggested that most patients exhibited either stability or improvement in their scores, regardless of language lateralization.

Conclusions
A minimal-access subtemporal approach for amygdalohippocampectomy is an effective treatment for temporal lobe epilepsy yielding encouraging preliminary seizure and neuropsychological outcomes.
Classification of trigeminal neuralgia: clinical, therapeutic, and prognostic implications in a series of 144 patients undergoing microvascular decompression
Authors: Miller Jonathan P. , Acar Feridun , Burchiel Kim J. 
Published: April 2009

Object
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) presents a diagnostic challenge because of the variety of symptoms, findings during microvascular decompression (MVD), and postsurgical outcomes observed among patients who suffer from this disorder. Recently, a new paradigm for classification of TN was proposed, based on the quality of pain. This study represents the first clinical analysis of this paradigm.

Methods
The authors analyzed 144 consecutive cases involving patients who underwent MVD for TN. Preoperative symptoms were classified into 1 of 2 categories based on the preponderance of shocklike (Type 1 TN) or constant (Type 2 TN) pain. Analysis of clinical characteristics, neurovascular pathology, and postoperative outcome was performed.

Results
Compared with Type 2 TN, Type 1 TN patients were older, were more likely to have right-sided symptoms, and reported a shorter duration of symptoms prior to evaluation. Previous treatment by percutaneous or radiosurgical procedures was not a predictor of symptoms, surgical findings, or outcome (p = 0.48). Type 1 TN was significantly more likely to be associated with arterial compression. Venous or no compression was more common among Type 2 TN patients (p < 0.01). Type 1 TN patients were also more likely to be pain-free immediately after surgery, and less likely to have a recurrence of pain within 2 years (p < 0.05). Although a subset of patients progressed from Type 1 to Type 2 TN over time, their pathological and prognostic profiles nevertheless resembled those of Type 1 TN.

Conclusions
Type 1 and Type 2 TN represent distinct clinical, pathological, and prognostic entities. Classification of patients according to this paradigm should be helpful to determine how best to treat patients with this disorder.
Management guided by brain tissue oxygen monitoring and outcome following severe traumatic brain injury
Authors: Martini Ross P. , Deem Steven , Yanez N. David , Chesnut Randall M. , Weiss Noel S. , Daniel Stephen , Souter Michael , Treggiari Miriam M. 
Published: April 2009

Object
The authors sought to describe changes in clinical management associated with brain tissue oxygen (PbO2) monitoring and how these changes affected outcomes and resource utilization.

Methods
The cohort study comprised 629 patients admitted to a Level I trauma center with a diagnosis of severe traumatic brain injury over a period of 3 years. Hospital mortality rate, neurological outcome, and resource utilization of 123 patients who underwent both PbO2 and intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring were compared with the same measures in 506 patients who underwent ICP monitoring only. The main outcomes were hospital mortality rate, functional independence at hospital discharge, duration of mechanical ventilation, hospital length of stay, and hospital cost. Multivariable regression with robust variance was used to estimate the adjusted differences in the main outcome measures between patient groups. The models were adjusted for patient age, severity of injury, and pathological features seen on head CT scan at admission.

Results
On average, patients who underwent ICP/PbO2 monitoring were younger and had more severe injuries than patients who received ICP monitoring alone. Relatively more patients treated with PbO2 monitoring received osmotic therapy, vasopressors, and prolonged sedation. After adjustment for baseline characteristics, the hospital mortality rate was, if anything, slightly higher in patients undergoing PbO2-guided management than in patients monitored with ICP only (adjusted mortality difference 4.4%, 95% CI −3.9 to 13%). Patients who underwent PbO2-guided management also had lower adjusted functional independence scores at hospital discharge (adjusted score difference −0.75, 95% CI −1.41 to −0.09). There was a 27% relative increase (95% CI 6–53%) in the median hospital length of stay when the PbO2 group was compared with the ICP-only group.

Conclusions
The mortality rate in patients with traumatic brain injury whose clinical management was guided by PbO2 monitoring was not reduced in comparison with that in patients who received ICP monitoring alone. Brain tissue oxygen monitoring was associated with worse neurological outcome and increased hospital resource utilization.
Sensitivity of high-resolution three-dimensional magnetic resonance angiography and three-dimensional spoiled-gradient recalled imaging in the prediction of neurovascular compression in patients with hemifacial spasm
Authors: Raslan Ahmed M. , DeJesus Reynaldo , Berk Caglar , Zacest Andrew , Anderson Jim C. , Burchiel Kim J. 
Published: April 2009

Object
Hemifacial spasm is a clinical syndrome caused by vascular compression of the facial nerve in the cerebellopontine angle, which can be relieved by surgical intervention. Advances in medical imaging technology allow for direct visualization of the offending blood vessels in hemifacial spasm and similar conditions (such as trigeminal neuralgia). The utility of high resolution 3D MR angiography and 3D spoiled-gradient recalled (SPGR) imaging sequences for surgical decision-making in hemifacial spasm, as measured by sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values, has not been previously determined.

Methods
A retrospective review was undertaken of 23 patients with hemifacial spasm who underwent operations between January 2001 and December 2006 at Oregon Health & Science University. All patients underwent preoperative high-resolution 3D MR angiography and 3D SPGR imaging. The sensitivity of the SPGR imaging/MR angiography interpretation of neurovascular compression (NVC) by both a neurosurgeon and 2 neuroradiologists was determined in relation to the presence of actual NVC during surgery.

Results
All patients were found to have NVC at surgery. After review by a neurosurgeon and 2 neuroradiologists, imaging data from 19 of the 23 patients were evaluated. The neurosurgeon's interpretation had a sensitivity of 79% and a positive predictive value (PPV) of 100%. The first neuroradiologist's interpretation had a sensitivity of 21% with a PPV of 100%. Further interpretation by a blinded second neuroradiologist with expertise in MR imaging of hemifacial spasm and trigeminal neuralgia was conducted, and sensitivity was 59% and PPV was 100%. Specificity was not determined because there were no true negative cases. The negative predictive value was 0% for both the neurosurgeon's and neuroradiologists' evaluations.

Conclusions
Although high-resolution 3D MR angiography and 3D SPGR imaging was helpful in providing information about the anatomical relationship of cranial nerve VII and surrounding blood vessels, the authors determined that in the case of hemifacial spasm these types of imaging did not influence preoperative surgical decisionmaking.
Preparation of Optically Active (

R

,

R

)‐Hydrobenzoin from Benzoin or Benzil
Authors: Ikariya Takao , Hashiguchi Shohei , Murata Kunihiko , Noyori Ryoji 
Published: April 2009

Abstract

Formic acid

Triethylamine

Rac
‐Benzoin

Ruthenium benzene [N‐[1S,2S)‐2‐amino‐κ‐N)‐1,2‐diphenylethyl‐4‐methyl‐benzenesulfonamidato‐κ‐N]chloro[(1,2,3,4,5,6‐η)‐1‐methyl‐4‐(1‐methylethyl)benzene]

Benzil

Propanol
2,2‐Diethoxy‐1‐Isocyanoethane
Authors: Amato Francesco , Marcaccini Stefano 
Published: April 2009

Abstract

2,2‐Diethoxy‐1‐isocyanoethane

Aminoacetaldehyde diethyl acetal

Propyl formate

Tetrachlormethane

Triphenylphosphine

Triphenylphosphine oxide

Triethylamine
Preparation of 1‐Methoxy‐2‐(4‐Methoxyphenoxy)Benzene
Authors: Buck Elizabeth , Song Zhiguo J. 
Published: April 2009

Abstract

4‐Methoxyphenol

1‐Methyl‐2‐pyrrolidinone

Cesium carbonate

2‐Bromoanisole

2,2,6,6‐Tetramethylheptane

Copper(I) chloride

Methyl‐
t‐
butyl ether
D
‐Ribonolactone and 2,3‐Isopropylidene(
D
‐Ribonolactone)
Authors: Williams John D. , Kamath Vivekanand P. , Morris Philip E. , Townsend Leroy B. 
Published: April 2009

Abstract

D
‐Ribose

Sodium bicarbonate

Bromine

Sodium bisulfite

D
‐Ribonolactone

2,2‐Dimethoxypropane

Silver carbonate
(

R

)‐(+)‐3,4‐Dimethylcyclohex‐2‐en‐1‐one
Authors: White James D. , Grether Uwe M. , Lee Chang‐Sun 
Published: April 2009

Abstract

(2
R
,5
R
)‐(+)‐
trans
‐Dihydrocarvone

Copper(II) acetate monohydrate

Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate

R‐(+)‐6‐Methoxycyclo‐2‐en‐1‐one

Methyllithium‐lithium bromide

(6
R
)‐(+)‐1,6‐Dimethylcyclohex‐2‐en‐1‐ol

Pyridinium chlorochromate
A Practical and Safe Preparation of 3,5‐Bis(trifluoromethyl)acetophenone
Authors: Leazer Johnnie L. , Cvetovich Raymond 
Published: April 2009

Abstract

3,5‐Bis(trifluoromethyl)bromobenzene

3,5‐Bis(trifluoromethyl)‐acetophenone

Isopropylmagnesium chloride

Acetic anhydride
Iridium‐CatalyzedC‐HBorylation of Arenes and Heteroarenes: 1‐Chloro‐3‐iodo‐5‐(4,4,5,5‐tetramethyl‐1,3,2‐dioxaborolan‐2‐yl)benzene and 2‐(4,4,5,5,‐Tetramethyl‐1,3,2‐dioxaborolan‐2‐yl)indole
Authors: Ishiyama Tatsuo , Takagi Jun , Nobuta Yusuke , Miyaura Norio 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBis(η4‐1,5‐cyclooctadiene)‐di μ‐methoxy‐diiridium(1)4,4′‐Di‐tert‐butyl‐2,2′‐bipyridineBis(pinacolato)diboron1‐Chloro‐3‐iodobenzenePinacolboraneIndole
Asymmetric Rearrangement of Allylic Trichloroacetimidates: Preparation of (

S

)‐2,2,2‐Trichloro‐

N

‐(1‐propylallyl)acetamide
Authors: Anderson Carolyn E. , Overman Larry E. , Watson Mary P. 
Published: April 2009

Abstract

Trans
‐2‐hexen‐1‐ol

1,8‐Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec‐7‐ene

Trichloroacetonitrile

(E)
‐2,2,2‐Trichloracetimidic acid hex‐2‐enyl ester

(S)
‐COP‐Cl
A Xanthate‐Transfer Approach to α‐Trifluoromethylamines [2‐(
N
‐Acetylamino)‐4,4‐Dimethoxy‐1,1,1‐Trifluorobutane]
Authors: Gagosz Fabien , Zard Samir Z. 
Published: April 2009

Abstract

2,2,2‐Trifluoro‐1‐methoxyethanol

Acetamide

N
‐(2,2,2‐Trifluoro‐1‐hudroxyethyl)acetamide

Thionyl chloride

N
‐1‐(Chloro‐2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl)acetamide

Potassium
O
‐ethyl xanathate

S
‐(1‐Acetylamino‐2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl)
O
‐ethyl dithiocarbonate

Lauroyl peroxide

Vinyl acetate

3‐Acetylamino‐1‐ethoxythiocarbonysulfanyl‐4,4,4‐trifluorobutyl acetate

(+/−)‐10‐Camphorsulfonic acid

N
‐(3,3‐Dimethoxy‐1‐trifluoromethyl‐propyl)‐acetamide
Thionation:
Glc
NAc
‐Thiazoline Triacetate {(3
a

R

,5

R

,6

S

,7

R

,7
a

R

)‐5‐Acetoxymethyl‐6,7‐Diacetoxy‐2‐Methyl‐5,6,7,7
a
‐Tetrahydro‐3
a

H

‐Pyrano[3,2‐

d

]Thiazole}
Authors: Knapp Spencer , Huhn Richard A. , Amorelli Benjamin 
Published: April 2009

Abstract

Acetic anhydride

N
‐Acetyl‐D‐glucosamine

2‐Acetamido‐2‐deoxy‐1,3,4,6‐tetra‐
O
‐acetyl‐beta‐D‐glucopyranose

Phosphorus pentasulfide

GlcNAc‐thiazole triacetate

Hexamethyldisiloxane
Synthesis of Alpha‐Halo Ethers from Symmetric Acetals and
in Situ
Methoxymethylation of an Alcohol
Authors: Berliner Martin , Belecki Katherine 
Published: April 2009

Abstract

Dimethoxymethane

Zinc bromide

Acetyl chloride

Chloromethyl methyl ether

Alpha‐Phenethyl alcohol

Diisopropylethylamine

1‐Methoxy‐1‐phenylethane
Preparation of the
COP
Catalysts: [(

S

)‐
COP
‐
OAc
]
2
, [(
S
)‐
COP
‐
Cl
]
2
, and (

S

)‐
COP
‐
hfacac
Authors: Anderson Carolyn E. , Kirsch Stefan F. , Overman Larry E. , Richards Christopher J. , Watson Mary P. 
Published: April 2009

Abstract

(eta5‐(
S
)‐2‐(4‐Methylethyl)oxazolinylcyclopentadieny)‐(eta4‐tetraphenylcyclobutadiene)cobalt

Palladium(II) acetate

(
S
)‐COP‐OAc

(
S
)‐COP‐Cl

Sodium hexafluoracetylacetonate

(
S
)‐COP‐hfacac
Preparation of a Carbazole‐Based Macrocycle Via Precipitation‐Driven Alkyne Metathesis
Authors: Zhang Wei , Cho Hyeon Mo , Moore Jeffrey S. 
Published: April 2009

Abstract

Carbazole

1‐Bromotetradecane

Sodium hydride

N
‐Iodosuccinimide

Copper(I) iodide

Dichlorobis(triphenylphsophine)palladium(II)

Piperidine

1‐Trimethylsilylacetylene

Tris(dibenzylidieneacetone)palladium(0)

Triphenylphosphine

4‐Benzoyl‐4′‐bromophenyl

Trisamidomolybdenum(VI) propylidyne

p
‐Nitrophenol

9‐Tetradecylcarbazole

3,6‐Diiodo‐9‐tetradecylcarbazole

3,6‐Bis[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]‐9‐tetradecylcarbazole

3,6‐Diethynyl‐9‐tetradecylcarbazole

3,6‐Bis(benzobiphenyl)ethynyl‐9‐tetradecylcarbazole

Carbazole‐based tetrakismacrocycle
Highly Efficient Addition of Activated Methylene Compounds to Alkenes Catalyzed by Gold and Silver
Authors: Li Chao‐Jun , Yao Xiaoquan 
Published: April 2009

Abstract

Dibenzoylmethane

Styrene

Gold(III) chloride

Silver trifluoromethanesulfonate

1,3‐Diphenyl‐2‐(1‐phenylethyl)propane‐1,3‐dione
Preparation of Benzocyclobutenone Derivatives Based on an Efficient Generation of Benzynes
Authors: Tsujiyama Shin‐ichiro , Suzuki Keisuke 
Published: April 2009

Abstract

Resorcinol

Iodine

2‐Iodoresorcinol

N,N
‐Diisopropylethylamine

Trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride

2‐Iodoresorcinol bis(trifluoromethanesulfonate)

Cesium carbonate

3‐Hydroxy‐2‐iodophenyl trifluoromethanesulfonate

Benzyl bromide

Diethylamine

3‐Benzyloxy‐2‐iodophenyl trifluoromethanesulfonate

1‐(
tert
‐Butyldimethylsilyloxy)‐1‐methoxyethene

n
‐Butyllithium

Hydrofluoric acid

5‐Benzyloxybicyclo[4.2.0]octa‐1,3,5‐triene‐7‐one
1‐(4‐Acetylphenyl)‐2‐Phenylethane from Potassium 2‐Phenethylthyltrifluoroborate and 4‐Bromoacetophenone
Authors: Molander Gary A. , Petrillo Daniel E. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractTrimethyl boratePhenethylmagnesium chloridePotassium hydrogen fluoridePotassium 2‐phenetrifluoroborate4‐BromoacetophenoneTriphenylphosphinePalladium acetate
Kinetically Controlled Synthesis of Hexagonally Close‐Packed Cobalt Nanorods with High Magnetic Coercivity
Authors: Soumare Yaghoub , Garcia Cécile , Maurer Thomas , Chaboussant Grégory , Ott Frédéric , Fiévet Fernand , Piquemal Jean‐Yves , Viau Guillaume 
Published: April 2009

AbstractHigh‐quality monodisperse metallic cobalt nanorods are obtained by the reduction of carboxylate salts of CoII in 1,2‐butanediol using a rapid, simple, and solid‐template‐free procedure. In this polyol process, particle shape can be controlled via the growth rate, which depends on three parameters: i) the nature of the cobalt carboxylate, ii) the temperature ramp, and iii) the basicity of the medium. Cobalt in the hexagonally close‐packed phase favored the growth of anisotropic particles. Magnetic measurements of the cobalt nanorods indicate they are ferromagnetic at room temperature. They have a very high coercivity of 9.0 kOe at 140 K, much higher than that observed for wires prepared with solid templates. This can be attributed to their small mean diameter and high crystallinity.
Self‐Assembled Robust Dipeptide Nanotubes and Fabrication of Dipeptide‐Capped Gold Nanoparticles on the Surface of these Nanotubes
Authors: Guha Samit , Banerjee Arindam 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThree water‐soluble dipeptides containing N‐terminally located β‐alanine residue and C‐terminally located α‐amino acid residues (β‐Ala‐L‐Xaa, Xaa = Val/Ile/Phe) form robust crystalline nanotubes. These dipeptide nanotubes contain a common motif, a hybrid of β,α‐amino acids, which are stable against heat up to 80 °C, a wide range of pH (2–10), and proteolytic degradation. These robust crystalline dipeptide nanotubes are used as a template for fabricating dipeptide‐capped gold nanoparticles on their outer surfaces. This is an easy way to develop nanotube/nanoparticle hybrid materials under mild conditions.
Conducting‐Polymer Nanomaterials for High‐Performance Sensor Applications: Issues and Challenges
Authors: Yoon Hyeonseok , Jang Jyongsik 
Published: April 2009

AbstractOwing to their promising applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices, conducting polymers have been continuously studied during the past few decades. Nevertheless, only limited progress had been made in conducting‐polymer‐based sensors until nanostructured conducting polymers were demonstrated for high‐performance signal transducers. Significant advances in the synthesis of conducting‐polymer nanomaterials have been recently reported, with enhanced sensitivity relative to their bulk counterparts. Today, conducting‐polymer nanomaterials rival metal and inorganic semiconductor nanomaterials in sensing capability. However, there are still several technological challenges to be solved for practical sensor applications of conducting‐polymer nanomaterials. Here, the key issues on conducting‐polymer nanomaterials in the development of state‐of‐the‐art sensors are discussed. Furthermore, a perspective on next‐generation sensor technology from a materials point of view is also given.
High Mobility and Luminescent Efficiency in Organic Single‐Crystal Light‐Emitting Transistors
Authors: Bisri Satria Zulkarnaen , Takenobu Taishi , Yomogida Yohei , Shimotani Hidekazu , Yamao Takeshi , Hotta Shu , Iwasa Yoshihiro 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA high‐performance ambipolar light‐emitting transistor (LET) that has high hole and electron mobilities and excellent luminescence characteristics is described. By using this device, a conspicuous light‐confined edge emission and current‐density‐dependent spectral evolution are observed. These findings will result in broader utilization of device potential and they provide a promising route for realizing electrically driven organic lasers.
Phenotypic effects of a bipolar liability gene among individuals with major depressive disorder
Authors: Casamassima Francesco , Huang Jie , Fava Maurizio , Sachs Gary S. , Smoller Jordan W. , Cassano Giovanni B. , Lattanzi Lorenzo , Fagerness Jes , Stange Jonathan P. , Perlis Roy H. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractVariations in voltage‐dependent calcium channel L‐type, alpha 1C subunit (CACNA1C) gene have been associated with bipolar disorder in a recent meta‐analysis of genome‐wide association studies [Ferreira et al., 2008]. The impact of these variations on other psychiatric disorders has not been yet investigated. Caucasian non‐Hispanic participants in the STAR*D study of treatment for depression for whom DNA was available (N = 1213) were genotyped at two single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs10848635 and rs1006737) in the CACNA1C gene. We examined putative phenotypic indicators of bipolarity among patients with major depression and elements of longitudinal course suggestive of latent bipolarity. We also considered remission and depression severity following citalopram treatment. The rs10848635 risk allele was significantly associated with lower levels of baseline agitation (P = 0.03; β = −0.09). The rs1006737 risk allele was significantly associated with lesser baseline depression severity (P = 0.04; β = −0.4) and decreased likelihood of insomnia (P = 0.047; β = −0.22). Both markers were associated with an increased risk of citalopram‐emergent suicidality (rs10848635: OR = 1.29, P = 0.04; rs1006737: OR = 1.34, P = 0.02). In this exploratory analysis, treatment‐emergent suicidality was associated with two risk alleles in a putative bipolar liability gene. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Highly Sensitive Fluorescence Probe for Fast Thiol‐Quantification Assay of Glutathione Reductase
Authors: Yi Long , Li Heyang , Sun Lu , Liu Liangliang , Zhang Caihong , Xi Zhen 
Published: April 2009

AbstractDie schnelle Detektion zellulärer Thiole in wässrigem Medium gelingt mithilfe einer neuen Fluoreszenzsonde (siehe Bild). Ein Hochdurchsatz‐Fluoreszenzassay für Glutathion‐Reduktase auf Basis dieser Sonde wurde entwickelt.magnified image
Stable Cyclohexyl–Phenyl Recognition in the Center of a DNA Duplex
Authors: Kaufmann Marco , Gisler Michael , Leumann Christian J. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractSogar gesättigte Kohlenwasserstoffcyclen sind mit einer Watson‐Crick‐Paarung kompatibel, wie der Einbau von Phenylcyclohexyl‐C‐Nucleosidpaaren in das Zentrum einer DNA‐Doppelhelix belegt (siehe Bild). Die höhere Duplexstabilität ist eine Folge von Cyclohexyl‐CH/Phenyl‐π‐Wechselwirkungen. Damit ist das System ein interessantes Gerüst, um hydrophobe Wechselwirkungen zu untersuchen, und ermöglicht den Einbau weiterer Bausteine in die Doppelhelix.magnified image
In Situ Enamine Activation in Aqueous Salt Solutions: Highly Efficient Asymmetric Organocatalytic Diels–Alder Reaction of Cyclohexenones with Nitroolefins
Authors: Xu Dan‐Qian , Xia Ai‐Bao , Luo Shu‐Ping , Tang Jie , Zhang Shuai , Jiang Jun‐Rong , Xu Zhen‐Yuan 
Published: April 2009

AbstractTiefsee‐Diels‐Alder‐Reaktion: Die asymmetrische organokatalytische Diels‐Alder‐Reaktion zwischen Cyclohexenonen und aromatischen Nitroolefinen gelingt in Meerwasser und gesättigter Kochsalzlösung. Die Reaktion verläuft als säurekatalysierte Enaminaktivierung über eine einstufige konzertierte Addition (siehe Schema).magnified image
Total Synthesis of (+)‐Dibromophakellin
Authors: Imaoka Takuya , Iwamoto Osamu , Noguchi Kei‐ichi , Nagasawa Kazuo 
Published: April 2009

AbstractTwo members of a family of pyrrole–imidazole marine alkaloids, (+)‐dibromophakellin and the nonnatural congener (+)‐phakellin, were synthesized enantioselectively from 4‐hydroxy‐L‐proline. The chiral aminal at C10 was constructed efficiently by means of an Overman‐type [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangement of an enamide (see scheme).magnified image
Light Harvesting by a Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica Chromophore
Authors: Inagaki Shinji , Ohtani Osamu , Goto Yasutomo , Okamoto Kentaro , Ikai Masamichi , Yamanaka Ken‐ichi , Tani Takao , Okada Tadashi 
Published: April 2009

AbstractLight aqueduct: Periodic mesoporous organosilica exhibits strong light absorption due to densely packed organic chromophores within the pore walls. Light energy absorbed by 125 biphenyl groups in the pore walls is funneled into a single coumarin 1 molecule in the mesochannels with almost 100 % quantum efficiency, and results in significant enhancement of emission from the coumarin 1 dye.magnified image
An Aqueous Route to Multicolor Photoluminescent Carbon Dots Using Silica Spheres as Carriers
Authors: Liu Ruili , Wu Dongqing , Liu Shuhua , Koynov Kaloian , Knoll Wolfgang , Li Qin 
Published: April 2009

AbstractCarbon lights up: A facile chemical method yields multicolor photoluminescent carbon dots derived from polymer/silica nanocomposites, which were prepared using surfactant‐modified silica spheres as carriers and resols (phenol/formaldehyde resins) as carbon precursor (see picture). The surface‐passivated carbon dots show good biocompatibility as potential bioimaging agents offering nanometer‐scale resolution.magnified image