bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis Types of Slang Word Found in Green Day Song Lyric Album
Authors: Ardiana I Made , Made Iwan Indrawan Jendra  , I Komang Sulatra  
Published: May 2024

This study is entitled “An Analysis Types of Slang Word Found in Green Day Song Lyric Album”. The aim of this study is to identify the types of slang words that are found in the song lyrics of Green Day in the five albums: “1,039 Smoothed Out Slappy Hours” (1990), “Kerplunk !”(1991), “Dookie” (1994), “Father Of All..” (2020), and the last album “American Idiot” (2004). The method being used in this study is descriptive qualitative method and the technique is observation technique. The theory used was found in Kipfer and Chapman (2007). The study concludes that the secondary slang words are the only type that were found in the Green Day song lyrics
Figurative Language Found in “Wolf Town” Movie
Authors: Paulina Merlin  , Ida Ayu Putri Gita Ardiantari  
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study entitled “figurative language found in “Wolf Town” movie. The purposes of this study are to identify the types of figurative language and to analyze the meaning of figurative language used in Wolf Town movie. This study used two theories. The first theory used in this research is proposed by Stanford (2003) and keraf (2009) which is used to find out types of figurative language used in Wolf Town movie. The second theory is proposed by keraf (2009) Which is used to find out the meaning of figurative language used in Wolf Town movie. The method used in collecting the data was observation method. The data of the movie were collected by downloading movie from the youtobe, watching the movie, listening and understanding the dialogue movie and taking note and classifying the data based on type’s figurative language. The data were analysed descriptively by using qualitative method. After analyzing the data, it was found that there are seven types of figurative language used in Wolf Town movie which consist of 1 simile (9%), 2 hyperbole (18%), 1 symbolism (9%), 1 sarcasm (9%), 4 repetition (37%), 1 cynicism (9%), and 1 allegory (9%). All of the figurative language have connotative meaning which implicitly deliver hidden messages and life values.

Keywords: figurative language, movie, figurative language meaning.

Abstrak
Penelitian ini berjudul “figurative language found in “Wolf Town” movie”. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis bahasa khiasan dan menganalisis makna bahasa khiasan di movie Wolf Town. Penelitian in menggunakan dua teori. Teori pertama dikemukakan oleh Stanford (2003) dan Keraf (2009) yang digunakan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis Bahasa khiasan yang digunakan dalam movie Wolf Town. Teori kedua dikemukakan oleh Keraf (2009) yang digunakan untuk mengetahui makna makna bahasa khiasan yang digunakan dalam movie Wolf Town. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah metode observasi. Penulis mengumpulkan data skrip movie dengan mendownload movie dari youtobe, nonton movie, mendengarkan dan memahami dialog movie dan mencatat dan mengklasifikasi data, berdasarkan jenis bahasa khiasan. Penulis menganalisis data secara deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Setelah menganalisis data, penulis menemukan bahwa ada tujuh jenis bahasa khiasan yang di temukan di movie Wolf Town yang terdiri dari 1 simile (9%), 2 hiperbola (18%), 1 simbolik (9%), 1 sarkasme (9%), 4 repetisi (37%), 1 sinisme (9%), dan 1 alegory (9%). Semua bahasa khiasan memiliki makna konotatif yang secara implisit menyampaikan pesan-pesan tersembunyi dan nilai-nilai kehidupan.
NEW WAYS OF SOCIAL WRITING. BULGARIAN SHORT STORIES OF THE 2010’s
Authors: KIROVA Milena 
Published: May 2024

When the second decade of the 21st century began, there was an upheaval in the writing of short stories in Bulgarian literature, comparable to the upheaval of the novel in the beginning of the same century. Many different approaches existed simultaneously, among which the traditionally realistic, the postmodern, and the fantastic approach could be observed. The focus of the article is on short stories dealing with some ongoing problems of Bulgarian society, thus considering approaches relevant to them. Especially popular in the first years of the second decade was the urban theme, most often associated with Sofia, and presented in stories of the type called "express literature". The article compares these stories with social novels published in the first decade and points out the differences as well as the similarities they bear, especially in the combination of literary with non-literary discourses.	In the middle of the decade, short story writing declined, or at least it seemed so according to the literary criticism of that time. However, the article demonstrates exactly the opposite. The desire to write about social problems existing in real life increased, only with new poetic means, which are summarized and defined here using numerous literary examples.
Sortir de l’autorité ethnographique : la photographie documentaire dialogique
Authors: Hoelken Amandine Turri 
Published: May 2024

La « dialogie » repose sur l’indépendance des personnages et des lecteurs, un inachèvement du dialogue et une approche polyphonique témoignant de différents points de vue. Appliquée à la photographie documentaire, cette démarche implique de nouvelles relations entre le photographe, les sujets et les spectateurs. Elle entraîne la collaboration et la participation de ces différents acteurs. L’étude des travaux de quatre photographes permettra d’éclairer les liens de la photographie documentaire dialogique et de l’ethnologie.
Être affecté : politique, éthique et esthétique d’une exposition ethno-photographique
Authors: Cuny Cécile 
Published: May 2024

Jeanne Favret-Saada désigne les réactions involontaires de l’enquêtrice lorsqu’elle est « prise » dans les systèmes de relations qu’elle entreprend de connaître par le fait d’« être affecté ». Cet article transpose cette catégorie à l’analyse d’une exposition photographique présentant des itinéraires réalisés avec des ouvriers et ouvrières de la logistique en France et en Allemagne. « Être affecté » entrecroise alors des questions politiques, éthiques et esthétiques qui relient personnes photographiées, photographes, enquêteurs et spectateurs de l’exposition.
Photographie et anthropologie : perspectives multimodales
Authors: Leon-Quijano Camilo 
Published: May 2024

En partant d’une réflexion sur l’expérience photographique au sein de l’enquête ethnographique, cet article présente trois perspectives multimodales issues d’explorations créatives et sensorielles : la première touche aux démarches participatives permettant d’engager un dialogue réflexif ; la deuxième explore les dialogues sensibles entre photographies, sons et textes ; la troisième analyse l’exposition multimodale en repensant la manière dont les récits visuels issus d’une enquête ethnographique sont partagés.
« Qui désormais dira le réel ? » : The Book of Veles de Jonas Bendiksen
Authors: Dietschy Nathalie 
Published: May 2024

Cet article propose de réfléchir au potentiel « mensonge » de la photographie à partir de l’ouvrage The Book of Veles (2021) de Jonas Bendiksen, dont le contenu a été généré sur ordinateur. Cette démarche révèle la difficulté à distinguer le vrai du faux dans le régime actuel des images et des textes générés par les algorithmes. Il réitère la question posée par Quentin Bajac il y a plus de dix ans, « qui désormais dira le réel ? », et suggère que ce pourrait être les machines.
Photographie et fonction d’analyseur de l’art contemporain
Authors: Paquet Suzanne 
Published: May 2024

Après avoir défini ce qui est entendu par « analyseur », ce texte propose de vérifier, à travers une étude de cas, soit l’œuvre monumentale Seven Magic Mountains de l’artiste Ugo Rondinone, comment la photographie peut être considérée comme étant au cœur du travail d’analyseur qu’est susceptible d’accomplir l’art contemporain. L’enquête fait d’abord détour par le Land Art, pour ensuite circuler à travers diverses pages web et bon nombre d’images et ainsi démontrer que l’œuvre étudiée analyse le tourisme et le spectacle.
Gustave Roud, écrivain-photographe
Authors: Baetens Jan 
Published: May 2024

Il s’agit d’examiner ici les rapports entre écriture poétique et production photographique dans l’œuvre de Gustave Roud (1897-1976). Le travail photographique de cet auteur, qui s’étale sur près de soixante ans, est resté peu connu de son vivant. L’article interroge les raisons de cet oubli, puis analyse la manière dont ses prises de vue ont été révélées à travers des livres qui construisent des rapports singuliers entre textes et images, tout en permettant de mieux cerner le concept-clé de « paradis ».
Epopée familiale ou destins collectifs dans Enfant de bohème de Gilles Kepel
Authors: Quintin Fettouma 
Published: May 2024

Notre article interroge l’intérêt que peut revêtir une biographie familiale à travers son mode d’écriture et ses enjeux comme celui de son inscription dans la grande Histoire. Par sa sagacité et ses voies tentaculaires, elle prend l’allure d’une épopée, investissant de la sorte, les sphères privée et publique. Ses personnages deviennent indissociables de l’univers auquel ils appartiennent : hommes et choses.
Usages et pratiques de la digitalisation des soins et des relations : ce que les outils numériques font à la PMA transfrontière
Authors: Malmanche Hélène , Rozée Virginie 
Published: May 2024

Cet article explore divers aspects des usages des outils numériques dans le contexte de la procréation médicalement assistée (PMA) transfrontière, sur la base d’entretiens réalisés auprès de personnes ayant recours à une PMA « hors cadre ». Il met en évidence la place des pratiques numériques lors de la phase d’élaboration du projet parental puis de la mise en œuvre des traitements de PMA. L’article examine par ailleurs la façon dont les outils numériques concourent à l’élargissement des possibles procréatifs au sein du « marché de la fertilité », ainsi que les écueils et les défis inhérents à cette expérience. En comparant les pratiques numériques dans les prises en charge de PMA en France et à l’étranger, nous souhaitons déplacer le questionnement au-delà de l’opposition médecine publique/médecine privée, et ouvrir ainsi de nouvelles pistes de réflexion sur les fonctions et l’appropriation des outils numériques dans la relation de soin.
Contrast-induced Nephropathy: Incidence and Reversibility in Patients Undergoing High-risk Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Sambyal Bharat Singh , Kansal Vishal , Nayak Akshay Kumar , Chauhan Prabhat , Jeldi Kavya 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
There is a paucity of data regarding contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) from this part of the world. The present study was thus planned to find the incidence and reversibility of CIN in patients undergoing high-risk PCI.

Materials and Methods:
A hospital-based observational study was conducted at the department of cardiology in a tertiary care hospital. The study included 50 consecutive cases undergoing high-risk PCI at the cardiac catheterization laboratory. CIN is characterized as either a relative increase in serum creatinine (S. Cr) of 25% or more or an absolute increase of 0.5 mg/dL or more, occurring within 48 h of exposure to contrast media. This is under the assumption that there are no other factors contributing to the increase in S. Cr.

Results:
The incidence of CIN in cases undergoing high-risk percutaneous interventions was 18% in the present study. On regression analysis, age above 70 years, hypertension and diabetes were identified as significant predictors of the development of CIN in patients undergoing cardiac procedures in the cardiac catheterization laboratory (P < 0.01). All the cases of CIN had a self-limiting course, and none of the cases required renal replacement therapy.

Conclusion:
CIN affects one out of every five to six cases undergoing high-risk PCI; however, almost all cases are reversible. Patients with preexisting comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertension have a significantly increased risk of development of CIN.
Beyond Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: The Expansive Realm of Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease
Authors: Samadarshi Samir , Kumar Dharmendra , Manrai Manish , Dawra Saurabh , Srivastava Sharad , Chandra Alok 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
The Delphi consensus statement has accepted the new fatty liver disease nomenclature. Steatotic liver disease (SLD) is an overarching term that encompasses various etiologies of steatosis. The name chosen to replace nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was metabolic dysfunction-associated SLD (MASLD). Patients having SLD along with underlying cardiometabolic risk factor(s) are labelled as MASLD. We carried out a cross-sectional study of patients with fatty liver visiting the gastroenterology department of a tertiary care hospital to determine the association of cardiometabolic risk factors with significant fibrosis.

Materials and Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, adults with evidence of fatty liver on abdominal ultrasonography with no history of heavy alcohol use were enrolled. Participants with evidence of chronic liver diseases (including chronic hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, and drug-induced hepatitis), people living with HIV/AIDS, and those with disseminated or advanced malignancy were excluded. Anthropometric assessment and hematological and biochemical tests were done, and all participants underwent transient elastography of the liver using FibroScan™.

Results:
All 135 patients were classified as MASLD as per the new nomenclature accepted by the Delphi consensus. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), serum triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were found to have a significant association with liver stiffness measurement (LSM) (adjusted r
2 0.23, P < 0.001). 32.5% of participants (n = 44) were found to have significant fibrosis on transient elastography. LSM was significantly higher in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Conclusion:
Metabolic syndrome is an important risk factor for significant fibrosis. Among various cardiometabolic risk factors, BMI, WC, and serum TG are associated with higher LSM. HDL levels correlate negatively with LSM. The new nomenclature focuses on these cardiometabolic risk factors and has broader applicability.
Mental Health Status of Caregivers of Persons with Neurological Disability
Authors: Srikanth Pallerla , Nirmala Berigai Parthasarathy 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Neurological conditions have a long-term impact on the individual and their family and also affect one's general and mental health.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the psychological morbidity among 50 primary caregivers of persons with a neurological disability and was conducted using a self-reporting questionnaire.

Results:
Most of them were female (64.0%), and predominantly, the caregiver was mother (50.0%). Most of the caregivers have reported felt nervous, tense, or worried during hospitalization (76.0%); felt unhappy during caregiving (86.0%); and faced difficulty to enjoy daily activities (74.0%). In addition to that, (98.0%) caregiver's have reported that their day to day work suffered, (70.0%) were unable to play a usual part in life.

Conclusion:
The study would highlight the need for screening the mental health of the caregivers of persons with neurological disabilities.
Neuroprotective Effect of Phoenix dactylifera (Date Palm) on Paraquat Triggered Cortico-Nigral Neurotoxicity
Authors: Edobor Hope Dike , Musa Sunday Abraham , Umana Uduak Emmanuel , Oderinde Gbenga Peter , Agbon Abel Nosereme 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Herbicides including paraquat (PQ) have been reported to have deleterious effects on biological systems and normal functioning of the brain, especially regions related to motor functionality and coordination like the cerebrum and substantia nigra resulting in neurodegenerative conditions such as Parkinson's disease. Phoenix dactylifera has high nutritional value and is beneficial in the management and treatment of diverse ailments.

Aim:
This study assessed the protective properties of Aqueous fruit extract of P. dactylifera (AFPD) on PQ-triggered cortico-nigral neurotoxicity in rats. Neuroprotective properties of AFPD were assessed using beam walking performance (BWP) for motor coordination, oxidative stress biomarkers (Malondialdehyde [MDA], superoxide dismutase [SOD], and glutathione [GSH]) and histological examination (H and E stained) for cytoarchitectural changes. BWP across the study period revealed no motor coordination deficit with PQ exposure.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty-five rats were categorized into five groups (n = 5); the control was administered 2 ml/kg distilled H2O, another group received 11.35 mg/kg PQ, another received 11.35 mg/kg PQ + 10 mg/kg L-dopa as reference drug, while two other groups received 11.35 mg/kg PQ + 500 mg/kg AFPD and 11.35 mg/kg PQ + 1,000 mg/kg AFPD, respectively, for 28 days.

Results:
PQ-treated group revealed oxidative stress by significant elevation of MDA levels and decrease in antioxidant enzymes (SOD and GSH). Remarkable cytoarchitectural distortions were observed with PQ treatment. However, AFPD treatment showed ameliorative properties by a significant decrease in MDA levels and increased SOD and GSH activities. Mild distortion-to-relatively normal neuronal cytoarchitecture relative to the control was also observed with AFPD treatment.

Conclusion:
AFPD possesses potential neuroprotective properties against PQ-triggered pathological changes in cortico-nigral structures of Wistar rats.
The Impact of Perceived Stress on Risk Evaluations among Health-Care Students during Coronavirus Disease-2019 Outbreak
Authors: Guleken Zozan , Sutcubasi Bernis 
Published: May 2024

Aims and Objectives:
Perception has an important role in managing crisis situations such as pandemics. While studies have been conducted on the risk and stress perceptions of health-care workers, there has not been any study on the stress and risk perceptions of health science students who have not yet started this profession, which was investigated herein.

Materials and Methods:
Participants (n = 225) reported their physiological changes, the level of perceived stress (PSS) caused by the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, and the evaluations of the risk perception through questionnaire form. Two cut-off scores of the PSS-14 were calculated as low (<M-SD), moderate (>M-SD and <M + SD), and high level (>M + SD) of perceived stress. The correlation between the PSS-14 and risk perception scores was analyzed using Spearman's rho correlation coefficient. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank test was used to evaluate pairwise risky situation comparisons. Two logistic regression was conducted to test the association between PSS-14 scores and appetite routine.

Results:
Mean PSS was higher among female students. The participants with a high level of perceived stress have a higher difference between the own risk perception and own risk perception referred to others, and there was a difference between own and own referred to others in the items of risk perception for shaking hands, prayer room, protection against disease, and protection against COVID-19 virus.

Conclusions:
Finally, people's perception of risk could be biased regarding their perceived stress level, and this may lead to not make the right judgments for the risky decisions.
CYP2C9 Genotype and Phenotype Profile of Cross-Country Skiing Athletes
Authors: Aslan Beste Tacal , Yilmaz Ozlem Ozge , Polat Tolga , Gozler Ipek Yuksel , Bilici Muhammed Fatih , Kaynar Omer , Ulucan Korkut 
Published: May 2024

Aim:
Most tissues in the body contain cytochrome P450 enzymes, which play an important role in many functions, especially metabolizing drugs and other xenobiotics. The CYP2C9 gene in humans codes for an enzyme called CYP2C9. The goal of this study was to figure out the genotype and allele distributions of the CYP2C9 gene rs1799853 (CYP2C9*2), rs1057910 (CYP2C9*3), rs28371686 (CYP2C9*5) and rs28371685 (CYP2C9*11) polymorphism in our cohort study.

Materials and Methods:
For this purpose, 19 cross-country skiing athletes took part in our research. After DNAs were extracted from buccal epithelial cells, real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to genotype them.

Results:
When we looked at the genotype distributions, we found that, the CC genotype was higher than CT and TT genotype for CYP2C9*2. For CYP2C9*3, the AA genotype was higher than the AC genotype and no CC genotype was found. Besides for the CYP2C9*5, only the CC genotype was found. In addition, only the CC genotype was found for CYP2C9*11. For The genotypic and predictive phenotype distribution of CYP2C9 polymorphisms, it was determined that 11 athletes (57.9%) were *1/*1 (extensive metabolizers), and 5 athletes (26.3%) were *1/*2 (intermediate metabolizers). As a poor metabolizer, one athlete *2/*2 (5.3%) and two athlete *2/*3 (10.5%) were determined.

Conclusion:
This study is the first study investigating the relationship between the CYP2C9 polymorphism in Turkish cross-country skiing athletes.
Validity and Reliability Studies of the Psycho-Political Safety Scale
Authors: Sayar Gökben Hizli , Ünal Aylin Tutgun , Ünübol Hüseyin , Aribogan Deniz Ülke , Tarhan Nevzat 
Published: May 2024

Aim:
The psychological effects of political approaches in our country together with political developments in the world, affect the mental health of society and the individuals who hold it together. When the literature was examined, it became clear that a Psycho-political Safety Scale (PSS) was needed to address the mental health and sense of safety of the individual from a psycho-political perspective.

Materials and Methods:
This research aims to conduct a validity and reliability study in a wide sample of the PSS. The sample consists of 6420 people from all over Turkey.

Results:
Analysis revealed that the scale consists of four factors. The first factor “Economy” alone explains 43.7% of the variance, the second factor “Homeland Security” 7.9% of the variance, the third factor “Education” 6.5% of the variance, the fourth factor “Domestic Policy” 6.3% of the variance. These four factors, consisting of a total of 16 items, together explained 64.5% of the total variance. In addition, four factors confirmed PSS in the validating factor analysis. (Chi-square/degree of freedom value: 3.15; Root mean square error of approximation: 0.069; Normed fit index: 0.93; Nonnormed fit index: 0.93; Comparative fix index: 0.96; Goodness of Fit Index: 0.93; Adjusted goodness of fit index: 0.91). The internal consistency coefficient of the scale Cronbach Alpha (α) was found to be, 91. As a result of the studies, it is understood that the scale is valid and reliable.

Conclusion:
A valid and reliable scale called PSS, which measures the psycho-political safety of individuals psychometrically has emerged.