bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2,6‐Disubstituted‐7,8‐dihydro‐6H‐pyrano[2,3‐6]pyrazines.
Authors: Li Jian‐Cheng , Munchhof Michael , Warmus Joseph S. , Bonin Paul D. , McClure Kim F. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractTitle compound (VIII) is obtained from (VII) by transesterification in order to get a constrained analogue of the known drug (IX).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Ruthenium(II) 2,6‐Bis(imino)pyridyl Complexes for C—H Amination of Sulfamate Esters.
Authors: Bon Jennifer L. , Blakey Simon B. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA series of ruthenium(II) complexes such as (I) is synthesized and tested as catalysts for C—H amination of sulfamate ester (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 4‐Azepanones and Heteroaromatic‐Fused Azepines.
Authors: Sakya Subas M. , Flick Andrew C. , Coe Jotham W. , Gray David L. , Liang Sidney , Ferri Fabiola , Van den Berg Michel , Pouwer Kees 
Published: May 2012

AbstractTwo independent routes to the intermediate heterocycles (VII) and (VIII) are investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Design and Diversity‐Oriented Synthesis of Novel 1,4‐Thiazepan‐3‐ones Fused with Bioactive Heterocyclic Skeletons and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities.
Authors: Shi Feng , Zeng Xiao‐Ning , Cao Xu‐Dong , Zhang Shu , Jiang Bo , Zheng Wei‐Fa , Tu Shu‐Jiang 
Published: May 2012

Abstract26 Title compounds of type (IV), (VII), (X), and (XIII) are prepared and tested for their antioxidant and cytotoxic activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Mediated One‐Pot Transformation of 2‐N‐Sulfonylaminoaryl Diselenides into Benzo[b][1,4]selenazines.
Authors: Viglianisi Caterina , Simone Lavinia , Menichetti Stefano 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA new one‐pot procedure allows the transformation of diselenide (I) into benzo[b][1,4]selenazines by reaction with various alkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Glycosylation of Unprotected Methyl Hexopyranoside by Transient Masking with Arylboronic Acid.
Authors: Nishino Takashi , Ohya Yohei , Murai Rie , Shirahata Tatsuya , Yamamoto Daisuke , Makino Kazuishi , Kaji Eisuke 
Published: May 2012

AbstractMethyl α/β‐(D)‐galactopyranoside, α/β‐(D)‐glucopyranoside, α‐(L)‐fucopyranoside, and α‐(L)‐rhamnopyranoside behave as acceptors in the glycosylation reaction with donor (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Convergent Total Syntheses of the Pentacyclic Lamellarins K, T, U and W via the Addition of Azomethine Ylides to Tethered Tolans.
Authors: Flynn Bernard L. , Banwell Martin G. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractLamellarin K, and three closely related analogues are prepared in a concise and fully regiocontrolled fashion via the addition of an azomethine ylide to an ester‐linked tolan, cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Deethyleburnamonine Using a Catalytic Cyclopropane Ring‐Opening/Friedel—Crafts Alkylation Strategy.
Authors: Patil Dadasaheb V. , Cavitt Marchello A. , France Stefan 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe total synthesis of title compound (VII) is achieved with an overall yield of ~18% over six steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Autofluorescent Fused‐Pyrimidine Nucleosides: Synthesis and Evaluation as Permeants and Inhibitors of Human Nucleoside Transporters.
Authors: Nowak Ireneusz , Damaraju Vijaya L. , Cass Carol E. , Young James D. , Robins Morris J. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractNucleosides fused with five‐membered heterocycles (N, O or S) are synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: 7‐Halogenated 7‐Deazapurine 2′‐C‐Methylribonucleosides.
Authors: Seela Frank , Budow Simone , Xu Kuiying , Peng Xiaohua , Eickmeier Henning 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA one‐pot glycosylation strategy (Vorbrueggen conditions) is applied to the synthesis of 7‐halogenated 7‐deazapurine 2′‐C‐methylribonucleosides related to adenosine, inosine, and guanosine as well as to the immunosine derivative (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: A Tandem Enyne/Ring Closing Metathesis Approach to 4‐Methylene‐2‐cyclohexenols: An Efficient Entry to Otteliones and Loloanolides.
Authors: Betkekar Vipul V. , Panda Samaresh , Kaliappan Krishna P. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA new approach to both cis‐ and trans‐4‐methylene‐2‐cyclohexenone structures is developed based on the enyne/ring closing metathesis followed by the oxidation with Dess—Martin periodinane.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Studies on MPC1001: A Dipolar Cycloaddition Approach to the Pyrrolidine Ring System.
Authors: Schuber Paul T. , Williams Robert M. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe approach towards the total synthesis of MPC1001 is based on disconnections across the dioxopiperazine and the diaryl ether subunit of MPC1001 utilizing a late‐stage construction of the oxepin ring via the highly substituted pyrrolidine (IV), which in turn is accessible by a novel asymmetric dipolar cycloaddition methodology involving substrates (I), (II), and (III).
Membrane Technology in Bioprocess Science
Authors: Fröhlich Holger , Villian Louis , Melzner Dieter , Strube Jochen 
Published: May 2012

AbstractMembrane technology plays more and more a crucial role in the purification of biotechnological products. Integration of membrane based unit operations becomes a trend for ongoing process designs. By this, in addition to the well‐established membrane unit operations like microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis, new membranes, modules and systems were developed in the last years. Herein, the efforts in the area of membrane chromatography should be mentioned as a major research topic. This paper focuses on the state of the art in membrane technology, especially in the field of biotechnology, and on innovative developments in the field of membrane chromatography as well as on process design methods, which are necessary to fulfill the challenges for competitive technologies for the future. To minimize the risk that is inherent in the design of any new process, it is essential to use unit operation models that describe the process behavior accurately. Modeling efforts, which were originally developed for other membrane unit operations, show a great potential for the adaption to new developed membrane technologies.
Synthesis and Structure–Activity Relationship Studies of HIV‐1 Virion Infectivity Factor (Vif) Inhibitors that Block Viral Replication
Authors: Ali Akbar , Wang Jinhua , Nathans Robin S. , Cao Hong , Sharova Natalia , Stevenson Mario , Rana Tariq M. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV‐1) virion infectivity factor (Vif) protein, essential for in vivo viral replication, protects the virus from innate antiviral cellular factor apolipoprotein B mRNA‐editing, enzyme‐catalytic, polypeptide‐like 3G (APOBEC3G; A3G) and is an attractive target for the development of novel antiviral therapeutics. We have evaluated the structure–activity relationships of N‐(2‐methoxyphenyl)‐2‐((4‐nitrophenyl)thio)benzamide (RN‐18), a small molecule recently identified as an inhibitor of Vif function that blocks viral replication only in nonpermissive cells expressing A3G, by inhibiting Vif–A3G interactions. Microwave‐assisted cross‐coupling reactions were developed to prepare a series of RN18 analogues with diverse linkages and substitutions on the phenyl rings. A dual cell‐based assay system was used to assess antiviral activity against wild‐type HIV‐1 in both nonpermissive (H9) and permissive (MT4) cells that also allowed evaluation of specificity. In general, variations of phenyl substitutions were detrimental to antiviral potency and specificity, but isosteric replacements of amide and ether linkages were relatively well tolerated. These structure–activity relationship data define structural requirements for Vif‐specific activity, identify new compounds with improved antiviral potency and specificity, and provide leads for further exploration to develop new antiviral therapeutics.
Fabrication of High Energy‐Density Hybrid Supercapacitors Using Electrospun V2O5 Nanofibers with a Self‐Supported Carbon Nanotube Network
Authors: Aravindan Vanchiappan , Cheah Yan Ling , Mak Wai Fatt , Wee Grace , Chowdari Bobba V. R. , Madhavi Srinivasan 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA simple electrospinning technique is employed for the preparation of high‐performance V2O5 nanofibers. The fibers thus prepared are subjected to heat treatment under the optimized conditions at 400 °C in air to achieve a single phase. The powder X‐ray diffraction pattern confirms the formation of an orthorhombic structure with Pmmn space group. Morphological studies conducted by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), clearly reveal the presence of a highly interconnected network of fibers with the diameter ranging from approximately 500–800 nm. After the heat treatment, translation of smooth fibrous morphology into porous fibers with embedded nanocrystals of V2O5 is noticed from the SEM measurements. The sintered V2O5 nanofibers are used to fabricate a hybrid electrochemical capacitor (HEC) and it is coupled with a substrate‐free single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) network (called “Bucky paper”) in a conventional organic electrolyte solution. Supercapacitive behavior of HEC is studied in both potentiostatic and galvanostatic modes at room temperature. The HEC demonstrated very stable and excellent cycling behavior during 3500 cycles of galvanostatic charge and discharge tests. This hybrid system is also well established during the rate capability studies from the applied current density of 30 to 210 mA g−1 and delivered maximum energy and power densities of 18 Wh kg−1 and 315 W kg−1, respectively.
Effects of glucocorticoids and exercise on pancreatic β‐cell function and diabetes development
Authors: Beaudry Jacqueline L. , Riddell Michael C. 
Published: May 2012

SummaryPeripheral insulin resistance and pancreatic β‐cell dysfunction are hallmark characteristics of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Several contributing factors have been proposed to promote these two defects in individuals with T2DM, including physical inactivity and chronic exposure to various psychosocial factors that increase the body's exposure to glucocorticoids, the main stress hormones in humans. Initially, β‐cells have been shown to adapt to these stimuli, a phenomenon known as β‐cell ‘compensation’. However, long‐term exposure to these physiologic and psychological stressors induces islet failure. Interestingly, glucocorticoids stimulate β‐cell mass growth in parallel with promoting severe insulin resistance, the former being an important adaptive response to the latter. The direct relationship between glucocorticoids and β‐cell dysfunction remains a controversial area of research. Elevations in circulating and/or tissue specific glucocorticoids have been associated with the development of obesity and T2DM in human and rodent models; however, the progression from insulin resistance to overt T2DM is highly disputed with respect to the in vivo and in vitro effects of glucocorticoids. Paradoxically, both intermittent physical stress and regular exercise alleviate insulin resistance and help to preserve β‐cell mass, potentially by lowering glucocorticoid levels. Recent studies have begun to examine the mechanisms of intermittent and chronic glucocorticoid exposure and regular exercise in altering β‐cell function. This review highlights recent discoveries on the physiological regulation of β‐cells and diabetes development in conditions of elevated glucocorticoids, regular exercise and intermittent stress. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Commentary on ‘Antibiotics for whooping cough (pertussis)’
Authors: Shakib Julie H. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThis is a commentary of Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Altunaiji SM, Kukuruzovic RH, Curtis NC, Massie J. Antibiotics for whooping cough (pertussis). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD004404. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004404.pub3.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Summary article. Copyright © 2012 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Commentary on ‘Antidepressants for the treatment of abdominal pain‐related functional gastrointestinal disorders in children and adolescents’
Authors: Schurman Jennifer Verrill , Friesen Craig A. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThis is a commentary of Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Kaminski A, Kamper A, Thaler K, Chapman A, Gartlehner G. Antidepressants for the treatment of abdominal pain‐related functional gastrointestinal disorders in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2011, Issue 7. Art. No.: CD008013. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008013.pub2Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Summary article. Copyright © 2012 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Influence of Structure and Organic‐Inorganic Phase Interactions on Coating Mechanical Properties in the Ternary Goethite:Poly(HEMA):Silica System
Authors: Chemin Nicolas , Rozes Laurence , Chanéac Corinne , Cassaignon Sophie , Le Bourhis Eric , Jolivet Jean‐Pierre , Barthel Etienne , Sanchez Clément 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe trapping of nanoparticles inside a hybrid matrix is of great importance for the design of flexible devices with good mechanical properties and for the manipulation of nanoparticles whilst avoiding the use of nanopowders. In this work, transparent coloured coatings on glass were prepared by incorporating Goethite nanorods in a silica:PHEMA [poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)] hybrid matrix. Results show that incorporation of Goethite with a volume content higher than 27 % leads to the formation of a porous structure through a phase separation mechanism which induces a dramatic collapse of the mechanical properties. When the Goethite volume content is below 16 %, the mechanical properties of the coating are governed by the interactions between organic and inorganic domains. Goethite interacts preferentially with the silica network through the formation of hydrogen bonds and no direct interactions with PHEMA were observed. In the absence of strong covalent bonds between the silica:PHEMA hybrid and the nanoparticles, Goethite nanorods do not provide any mechanical strengthening. As a result, interpenetration between silica and PHEMA networks enables fine tuning of the final mechanical properties with the coating silica content.
Weak Intermolecular Anion–π Interactions in Pentafluorobenzyl‐Substituted Ammonium Betaines
Authors: Giese Michael , Albrecht Markus , Wiemer Katharina , Kubik Grzegorz , Valkonen Arto , Rissanen Kari 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA series of ammonium–carboxylate and ammonium–sulfonate betaines was synthesized and studied by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis to investigate the weak intermolecular interactions as well as the intramolecular interactions in the solid state. None of the expected intramolecular anion–π interactions could be observed, probably because of the steric demands and the reduced nucleophilicity of the anionic part of the betaines. Nevertheless, a weak intermolecular anion–π interaction between the anionic part of the betaine and the pentafluorophenyl unit is present in the structure of 5a.
Complexation of Palladium(II) with Unsaturated Dithioethers – A Systematic Development of Highly Selective Ligands for Solvent Extraction (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 14/2012)
Authors: Traeger Juliane , Klamroth Tillmann , Kelling Alexandra , Lubahn Susanne , Cleve Ernst , Mickler Wulfhard , Heydenreich Matthias , Müller Holger , Holdt Hans‐Jürgen 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe cover picture shows an opened door to a new route in solvent extraction chemistry. By studying a number of unsaturated dithioethers, H.‐J. Holdt et al. have been systematically searching for a selective extractant for the recovery of palladium(II). With the help of a combination of basic research methods, such as theoretical calculations and spectroscopic measurements (magnifying glass), the structure of the chelates has been tuned to fulfill the requirements for use in practice. The washcoat of used automotive catalysts (REM picture) contains, besides palladium, a wide spectrum of other metals. As denoted in the “door” diagram showing two immiscible phases, the ligand of choice exhibits very good extraction performance and is able to selectively transfer palladium(II) from the aqueous phase (dissolved catalyst) into the organic one. This enables recovery of this precious metal from (chemically) challenging secondary sources. Details are discussed in the article on p. 2341 ff. magnified image
One‐Pot Synthesis of N‐Glycooxazolines, N‐Glycoaminooxazolines, and N‐Glycothiazolines from Glycals
Authors: Reid Erica M. , Vigneau Edward S. , Gratia Synthia S. , Marzabadi Cecilia H. , De Castro Michael 
Published: May 2012

AbstractNovel one‐pot syntheses of N‐glycooxazolines (N at C‐1), N‐glycoaminooxazolines, and N‐glycothiazolines have been developed. Thus, the reaction of tri‐O‐benzyl‐D‐glucal or tri‐O‐benzyl‐D‐galactal with aryl amides, heteroaryl amides, thioamides, and substituted ureas in the presence of N‐iodosuccinimide (NIS) in dry propionitrile at 45 °C afforded the cyclized products in good yields. When tris(O‐tert‐butyldimethylsilyl)‐D‐glucal was employed, the 2‐deoxy‐2‐iodoglycosylamide was isolated instead. Treatment of this newly formed glycosylamide with an anhydrous base afforded the O‐glycooxazoline (O at C‐1) in high to moderate yields. Product outcomes and the overall stereoselectivity of the reactions were found to be highly dependent on the nature of the sugar protecting group, the nature of the substituent on the amide, and the reaction temperature.
Reactions of Arylpropynehydrazides with Substituted Malonyl Chlorides: A Route to Pyrazolo‐Condensed 1,3‐Oxazines
Authors: Petina Olga A. , Yakovlev Igor P. , Geffken Detlef 
Published: May 2012

AbstractReaction of phenylpropynehydrazide with dimethylmalonyl chloride furnished the corresponding 4,4‐dimethyl‐1‐(3‐phenylprop‐2‐ynoyl)pyrazolidine‐3,5‐dione, which upon thermolysis underwent a 6‐endo‐dig cyclization to a pyrazolo[5,1‐b][1,3]oxazine. The corresponding reaction of arylpropynehydrazides with monosubstituted malonyl chlorides furnished pyrazolo[5,1‐b][1,3]oxazine‐7‐ones via intermediates that could not be isolated.
Levels and distributions of organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers in sediment from Taihu Lake, China
Authors: Cao Shuxia , Zeng Xiangying , Song Han , Li Huiru , Yu Zhiqiang , Sheng Guoying , Fu Jiamo 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
The concentrations and distribution of seven organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers (OPs) were investigated in 28 sediment samples collected from Taihu Lake. The analytes were ultrasonically extracted, enriched using solid-phase extraction, and determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results indicated that the analytes were all detected in the sediments. The total concentrations of seven OPs ranged from 3.38 to 14.25 µg/kg, and tris (2-chloroiso-propyl) phosphate (TCPP), tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), and tris (2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBEP) were the dominant compounds, with concentrations ranging from &lt; limit of quantification to 2.27 µg/kg, 0.62 to 3.17 µg/kg, and 1.03 to 5.00 µg/kg, respectively. The highest concentration of total assessed OPs (14.25 µg/kg) was found at GH-5, with tris (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP) as the main component at the sampling site. This result implied that there is an obvious emission source nearby at Suzhou City; in addition, human activities also play an important role in the concentration of OPs in the sediment. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 1478–1484. © 2012 SETAC
Personality traits and behavioral and psychological symptoms in patients at an early stage of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Pocnet Cornelia , Rossier Jérôme , Antonietti Jean‐Philippe , von Gunten Armin 
Published: May 2012

ObjectiveThe origins of behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPS) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are still poorly understood. Focusing on individual personality structure, we explored the relationship between premorbid personality and its changes over 5 years, and BPS in patients at an early stage of AD.MethodA total of 54 patients at an early stage of AD according to ICD‐10 and NINCDS‐ADRDA criteria and 64 control subjects were included. Family members filled in the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire to evaluate their proxies' current BPS and the NEO Personality Inventory Revised twice, the first time to evaluate the participants' current personality and the second time to assess personality traits as they were remembered to be 5 years earlier.ResultsBehavioral and psychological symptoms, in particular apathy, depression, anxiety, and agitation, are frequent occurrences in early stage AD. Premorbid personality differed between AD patients and normal control, but it was not predictive of BPS in patients with AD. Personality traits clearly change in the course of beginning AD, and this change seems to develop in parallel with BPS as early signs of AD.ConclusionsPremorbid personality was not associated with BPS in early stage of AD, although complex and non‐linear relationships between the two are not excluded. However, both personality and behavioral changes occur early in the course of AD, and recognizing them as possible, early warning signs of neurodegeneration may prove to be a key factor for early detection and intervention. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Testing a simple 2D hydraulic model in an urban flood experiment
Authors: Dottori F. , Todini E. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractHydraulic modelling of flood events involving urban areas constitutes a difficult challenge due to the complexity of topography and flow dynamics that characterize such an environment. Despite the increasing availability of detailed, high‐resolution topographic data, the assessment of model performance is still hampered by the scarcity of observed data describing the development of flood events.In the present paper, a simple two‐dimensional (2D) diffusive model is tested by reproducing a number of experiments carried out using an urban district physical model. The availability of measured water level data allows us to evaluate the model performance in detail and to investigate its limitations in reproducing complex flow dynamics.In addition, simplified approaches to represent urban areas within the model grid are considered and tested, and their influence on model results is assessed. The tested approaches include a simplified porosity‐based approach and the increase of roughness for urban grid cells.Overall results show that the proposed diffusive model is able to reproduce main flow processes, although some localized flow dynamics were poorly simulated. Simplified methods for representing the urban district provided similar results to detailed grid representations, suggesting that they could be proficiently used in combination with reduced complexity models. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.