bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advance Care Planning in Patients With Cancer Referred to a Phase I Clinical Trials Program: The MD Anderson Cancer Center Experience
Authors: Fu Siqing , Barber F. Diane , Naing Aung , Wheler Jennifer , Hong David , Falchook Gerald , Piha-Paul Sarina , Tsimberidou Apostolia , Howard Adrienne , Kurzrock Razelle 
Published: July 2012

Purpose Patients with advanced malignancies referred for early clinical trials have a short life expectancy. We designed this survey to ascertain the status of advance care planning in this population. Patients and Methods Patients who were seen in a phase I clinic were asked to anonymously complete an investigator-designed survey. Results Of 435 individuals approached, 215 (49%) returned completed or partially completed surveys, whereas many others stated that they wanted to avoid the topic, because they had come to the phase I clinic for cancer therapy. Most patients (n = 149; 69%) were still hopeful about their future. Approximately 42% of patients (n = 90) reported having a living will, 46% had a medical power of attorney (n = 98), and 19% had a do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order (n = 40). Approximately 20% of participants (n = 43) had not discussed advance care planning. Fifty-nine percent of patients wanted to discuss advance care planning with their physician. Having a DNR order in place was significantly more common in individuals who had a living will and/or a medical power of attorney. Conclusion Although most patients referred to a phase I clinic remained optimistic, many had discussed a living will, medical power of attorney, and/or DNR order with their physician, family, and/or attorney. However, a significant minority had not addressed this issue with anyone, and many refused to take a survey on the topic. More than half of the patients wanted to discuss these matters with their physician. These observations suggest that extra effort to address advance care planning is needed for these patients.
Who Provides Psychosocial Follow-Up Care for Post-Treatment Cancer Survivors? A Survey of Medical Oncologists and Primary Care Physicians
Authors: Forsythe Laura P. , Alfano Catherine M. , Leach Corinne R. , Ganz Patricia A. , Stefanek Michael E. , Rowland Julia H. 
Published: July 2012

Purpose Addressing psychosocial needs, including key components of psychologic distress, physical symptoms, and health promotion, is vital to cancer follow-up care. Yet little is known about who provides psychosocial care. This study examined physician-reported practices regarding care of post-treatment cancer survivors. We sought to characterize physicians who reported broad involvement in (ie, across key components of care) and shared responsibility for psychosocial care. Methods A nationally representative sample of medical oncologists (n = 1,130) and primary care physicians (PCPs; n = 1,021) were surveyed regarding follow-up care of breast and colon cancer survivors. Results Approximately half of oncologists and PCPs (52%) reported broad involvement in psychosocial care. Oncologist and PCP confidence, beliefs about who is able to provide psychosocial support, and preferences for shared responsibility for care predicted broad involvement. However, oncologists' and PCPs' perceptions of who provides specific aspects of psychosocial care differed (P < .001); both groups saw themselves as the main providers. Oncologists' confidence, PCPs' beliefs about who is able to provide psychosocial support, and oncologist and PCP preference for models other than shared care were inversely associated with a shared approach to care. Conclusion Findings that some providers are not broadly involved in psychosocial care and that oncologists and PCPs differ in their beliefs regarding who provides specific aspects of care underscore the need for better care coordination, informed by the respective skills and desires of physicians, to ensure needs are met. Interventions targeting physician confidence, beliefs about who is able to provide psychosocial support, and preferred models for survivorship care may improve psychosocial care delivery.
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy for Melanoma: American Society of Clinical Oncology and Society of Surgical Oncology Joint Clinical Practice Guideline
Authors: Wong Sandra L. , Balch Charles M. , Hurley Patricia , Agarwala Sanjiv S. , Akhurst Timothy J. , Cochran Alistair , Cormier Janice N. , Gorman Mark , Kim Theodore Y. , McMasters Kelly M. , Noyes R. Dirk , Schuchter Lynn M. , Valsecchi Matias E. , Weaver Donald L. , Lyman Gary H. 
Published: July 2012

Purpose The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and Society of Surgical Oncology (SSO) sought to provide an evidence-based guideline on the use of lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in staging patients with newly diagnosed melanoma. Methods A comprehensive systematic review of the literature published from January 1990 through August 2011 was completed using MEDLINE and EMBASE. Abstracts from ASCO and SSO annual meetings were included in the evidence review. An Expert Panel was convened to review the evidence and develop guideline recommendations. Results Seventy-three studies met full eligibility criteria. The evidence review demonstrated that SLN biopsy is an acceptable method for lymph node staging of most patients with newly diagnosed melanoma. Recommendations SLN biopsy is recommended for patients with intermediate-thickness melanomas (Breslow thickness, 1 to 4 mm) of any anatomic site; use of SLN biopsy in this population provides accurate staging. Although there are few studies focusing on patients with thick melanomas (T4; Breslow thickness, > 4 mm), SLN biopsy may be recommended for staging purposes and to facilitate regional disease control. There is insufficient evidence to support routine SLN biopsy for patients with thin melanomas (T1; Breslow thickness, < 1 mm), although it may be considered in selected patients with high-risk features when staging benefits outweigh risks of the procedure. Completion lymph node dissection (CLND) is recommended for all patients with a positive SLN biopsy and achieves good regional disease control. Whether CLND after a positive SLN biopsy improves survival is the subject of the ongoing Multicenter Selective Lymphadenectomy Trial II. Copyright © 2012 American Society of Clinical Oncology and Society of Surgical Oncology. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission by the American Society of Clinical Oncology and Society of Surgical Oncology.
Influence of Smoking Cues in Movies on Children’s Beliefs About Smoking
Authors: Lochbuehler Kirsten , Sargent James D. , Scholte Ron H.J. , Pieters Sara , Engels Rutger C.M.E. 
Published: July 2012

OBJECTIVE:
Experimental research has revealed that short exposure to movie smoking affects beliefs about smoking in adolescents. In this study, we tested that association in children.

METHODS:
In 2 experiments, participants were exposed to either a cartoon or family-oriented movie and randomly assigned to 20-minute segments with or without smoking characters. Data collection took place at elementary schools. A total of 101 children (8–10 years; 47.5% boys) were exposed to a cartoon, and in a second experiment, 105 children (8–11 years; 56.2% boys) were exposed to a family-oriented movie. Beliefs about smoking (assessed by questionnaire) and implicit associations toward smoking (single target implicit association task) were assessed after watching the movie.

RESULTS:
The majority of both samples of children viewed smoking unfavorably. Exposure to movie smoking had no effect on implicit associations toward smoking when experiments were analyzed separately or if the results were combined. For smoking beliefs, effects were again small and only statistically significant for social norms regarding smoking.

CONCLUSIONS:
Short-term exposure to smoking in cartoon and family-oriented movies had little immediate impact on beliefs about smoking in preadolescent children, but a significant cumulative impact on norms cannot be ruled out.
The Differential Impact of Delivery Hospital on the Outcomes of Premature Infants
Authors: Lorch Scott A. , Baiocchi Michael , Ahlberg Corinne E. , Small Dylan S. 
Published: July 2012

BACKGROUND:
Because greater percentages of women deliver at hospitals without high-level NICUs, there is little information on the effect of delivery hospital on the outcomes of premature infants in the past 2 decades, or how these effects differ across states with different perinatal regionalization systems.

METHODS:
A retrospective population-based cohort study was constructed of all hospital-based deliveries in Pennsylvania and California between 1995 and 2005 and Missouri between 1995 and 2003 with a gestational age between 23 and 37 weeks (N = 1 328 132). The effect of delivery at a high-level NICU on in-hospital death and 5 complications of premature birth was calculated by using an instrumental variables approach to control for measured and unmeasured differences between hospitals.

RESULTS:
Infants who were delivered at a high-level NICU had significantly fewer in-hospital deaths in Pennsylvania (7.8 fewer deaths/1000 deliveries, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.1–11.5), California (2.7 fewer deaths/1000 deliveries, 95% CI 0.9–4.5), and Missouri (12.6 fewer deaths/1000 deliveries, 95% CI 2.6–22.6). Deliveries at high-level NICUs had similar rates of most complications, with the exception of lower bronchopulmonary dysplasia rates at Missouri high-level NICUs (9.5 fewer cases/1000 deliveries, 95% CI 0.7–18.4) and higher infection rates at high-level NICUs in Pennsylvania and California. The association between delivery hospital, in-hospital mortality, and complications differed across the 3 states.

CONCLUSIONS:
There is benefit to neonatal outcomes when high-risk infants are delivered at high-level NICUs that is larger than previously reported, although the effects differ between states, which may be attributable to different methods of regionalization.
Respiratory Tract Illnesses During the First Year of Life: Effect of Dog and Cat Contacts
Authors: Bergroth Eija , Remes Sami , Pekkanen Juha , Kauppila Timo , Büchele Gisela , Keski-Nisula Leea 
Published: July 2012

OBJECTIVES:
To investigate the effect of dog and cat contacts on the frequency of respiratory symptoms and infections during the first year of life.

METHODS:
In this birth cohort study, 397 children were followed up from pregnancy onward, and the frequency of respiratory symptoms and infections together with information about dog and cat contacts during the first year of life were reported by using weekly diaries and a questionnaire at the age of 1 year. All the children were born in eastern or middle Finland between September 2002 and May 2005.

RESULTS:
In multivariate analysis, children having dogs at home were healthier (ie, had fewer respiratory tract symptoms or infections) than children with no dog contacts (adjusted odds ratio, [aOR]: 1.31; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13–1.52). Furthermore, children having dog contacts at home had less frequent otitis (aOR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.38–0.81) and tended to need fewer courses of antibiotics (aOR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.52–0.96) than children without such contacts. In univariate analysis, both the weekly amount of contact with dogs and cats and the average yearly amount of contact were associated with decreased respiratory infectious disease morbidity.

CONCLUSIONS:
These results suggest that dog contacts may have a protective effect on respiratory tract infections during the first year of life. Our findings support the theory that during the first year of life, animal contacts are important, possibly leading to better resistance to infectious respiratory illnesses during childhood.
Fire as a Tool for ControllingTamarixspp. Seedlings
Authors: Ohrtman Michelle K. , Clay Sharon A. , Clay David E. , Smart Alexander J 
Published: July 2012

AbstractFire is often used in northern grasslands to control invasive grass species but has unknown effects onTamarixspp., more recent invaders. Temperature (using an oven as a fire surrogate) and duration combinations that would be most lethal toTamarixseeds and seedlings were determined.Tamarixseeds were sown in soil-lined dishes, water added to saturation, and seedlings grown for 1 to 5 d. Seeds were also placed in water-saturated or dry soil just before temperature exposure (79 to 204 C [175 to 400 F]) by duration (1 to 5 min) treatments. After treatment, soil water loss was measured by weight difference, and surviving seedlings were counted for 6 d.Tamarixseedling establishment and survival decreased with increasing temperature and duration. The 5-d-old seedlings were the most affected. No 5-d-old seedlings survived 1- and 2-min exposures to 204 C, whereas 1-d-old seedlings had greater than 25% survival. If soils were saturated, two to four times more seedlings established following seed exposure to 177 and 204 C. Longer durations at lower temperatures were required to reduceTamarixsurvival. Increasing duration from 2 to 5 min at 121 C decreased 5-d-old seedling survival from more than 80% to less than 10% and eliminated those seedlings at 149 C. Five minutes at 149 C decreased dry-soil seed viability to about 15%, whereas germination on saturated soils remained high (∼75%). No seeds survived the exposure to 177 and 204 C. Soil moisture loss values associated with 90% mortality of 5- and 1-d-old seedlings were 1.7 and 2.2%, respectively. On saturated soils, 90% of seeds died with 2.5% water loss. Under suitable conditions, fire can decreaseTamarixseedling survival. Fire may be useful for controllingTamarixseedlings in northern grasslands and should be considered for management of new invasions.
État, experts et savoirs néo-managériaux
Authors: Bezes Philippe 
Published: July 2012

Résumé	Cet article se propose d’analyser les processus de production, de diffusion et de légitimation des idées et techniques néo-managériales à l’œuvre en France depuis les années 1970. Il met l’accent sur les différents rôles joués par les experts (universitaires, consultants, hauts fonctionnaires, organisations internationales), en précisant leurs positions dans l’État, leur influence et la légitimité, fluctuante mais croissante sur le long terme, dont bénéficient leurs recettes inspirées du New Public Management . L’article identifie quatre périodes contrastées, de la Rationalisation des choix budgétaires (RCB) dans les années 1970 à la Révision générale des politiques publiques des années 2000, caractérisée par un rôle majeur et inédit des cabinets de consultants privés.
Glaucoma Filtration Surgery Following Sustained Elevation of Intraocular Pressure Secondary to Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Injections
Authors: Skalicky Simon E. , Ho Ivan , Agar Ashish , Bank Allan 
Published: July 2012

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To document cases of sustained elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) while receiving intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents and subsequent management.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
A retrospective series of all cases managed by the authors and colleagues was performed.

RESULTS:
Six patients developed sustained elevated IOP; five received ranibizumab and one bevacizumab. Four received unilateral and two received bilateral injections. Two had preexisting primary open-angle glaucoma and one had pseudoexfoliative glaucoma, all with stable IOP prior to anti-VEGF treatment. Angles were open in all cases. Peak IOP averaged 43 mm Hg (range: 34 to 60 mm Hg). The mean number of injections preceding the IOP increase was 10 (range: 1 to 20). Four patients required trabeculectomy, one selective laser trabeculoplasty, and one multiple topical medications.

CONCLUSION:
A sustained increase in IOP requiring glaucoma filtering surgery is a rare but important treatment complication for patients receiving intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy, especially those with preexisting glaucoma or glaucoma risk factors.
Eriosomatine aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Eriosomatinae) associated with moss and roots of conifer and willow in forests of the Pacific Northwest of North America
Authors: Pike K.S. , Graf G. , Foottit R.G. , Maw H.E.L. , von Dohlen C. , Harpel J. , Pantoja A. , Emmert S. , Hagerty A.M. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractApterous adult morphs of eriosomatine aphids associated with moss (Bryophyta) and/or roots of conifer (Pinaceae) or willow (SalixLinnaeus (Salicaceae)) in forests of the North American Pacific Northwest including Alaska are described, illustrated, and keyed. In total, seven species (Clydesmithia canadensisDanielsson,Melaphis rhois(Fitch) (moss only feeder),Pachypappa rosettei(Maxson),Pachypappa sacculi(Gillette),Prociphilus americanus(Walker) (fir root only feeder),Prociphilus xylostei(De Geer), andThecabius populimonilis(Riley)) are characterised from their secondary host habitats. Secondary host forms ofC. canadensisandT.populimonilisare described for the first time. The morphotypes from the secondary hosts were confirmed through deoxyribonucleic acid sequence matching with those from the primary hosts.
IFN-γ Receptor-Deficient Donor T Cells Mediate Protection from Graft-versus-Host Disease and Preserve Graft-versus-Tumor Responses after Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Sun Kai , Hsiao Hui-Hua , Li Minghui , Ames Erik , Bouchlaka Myriam , Welniak Lisbeth A. , Hagino Takeshi , Jagdeo Jared , Pai Chien-Chun , Chen Mingyi , Blazar Bruce R. , Abedi Mehrdad , Murphy William J. 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. It has been previously reported that lung GVHD severity directly correlates with the expansion of donor Th17 cells in the absence of IFN-γ. However, the consequence of Th17-associated lung GVHD in the presence of IFN-γ has not been well characterized. In the current study, T cells from IFN-γ receptor knockout (IFN-γR−/−) mice, capable of producing IFN-γ but unable to signal in response to IFN-γ, have been used to elucidate further the role of IFN-γ in GVHD. We found the transfer of donor T cells from either IFN-γR−/− or IFN-γ knockout (IFN-γ−/−) mice resulted in significant increases in donor Th17 cells in the lung. Marked increases in IL-4–producing Th2 cells infiltrating the lungs were also observed in the mice of donor IFN-γR−/− T cells. Notably, despite the presence of these cells, these mice did not show the severe immune-mediated histopathological lung injury observed in mice receiving donor IFN-γ−/− T cells. Increases in lung GVHD did occur in mice with donor IFN-γR−/− T cells when treated in vivo with anti–IFN-γ demonstrating that the cytokine has a protective role on host tissues in GVHD. A survival benefit from acute GVHD was also observed using donor cells from IFN-γR−/− T cells compared with control donors. Importantly, tumor-bearing mice receiving IFN-γR−/− T cells versus wild-type donor T cells displayed similar graft-versus-tumor (GVT) effects. These results demonstrate the critical role of IFN-γ on host tissues and cell effector functions in GVHD/GVT.
GPR105 Ablation Prevents Inflammation and Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Mice with Diet-Induced Obesity
Authors: Xu Jianfeng , Morinaga Hidetaka , Oh Dayoung , Li Pingping , Chen Ai , Talukdar Saswata , Lazarowski Eduardo , Olefsky Jerrold M. , Kim Jane J. 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
GPR105, a G protein-coupled receptor for UDP-glucose, is highly expressed in several human tissues and participates in the innate immune response. Because inflammation has been implicated as a key initial trigger for type 2 diabetes, we hypothesized that GPR105 (official gene name: P2RY14) might play a role in the initiation of inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity. To this end, we investigated glucose metabolism in GPR105 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). We also examined whether GPR105 regulates macrophage recruitment to liver or adipose tissues by in vivo monocyte tracking and in vitro chemotaxis experiments, followed by transplantation of bone marrow from either KO or WT donors to WT recipients. Our data show that genetic deletion of GPR105 confers protection against HFD-induced insulin resistance, with reduced macrophage infiltration and inflammation in liver, and increased insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation in liver, muscle, and adipose tissue. By tracking monocytes from either KO or WT donors, we found that fewer KO monocytes were recruited to the liver of WT recipients. Furthermore, we observed that uridine 5-diphosphoglucose enhanced the in vitro migration of bone marrow-derived macrophages from WT but not KO mice, and that plasma uridine 5-diphosphoglucose levels were significantly higher in obese versus lean mice. Finally, we confirmed that insulin sensitivity improved in HFD mice with a myeloid cell-specific deletion of GPR105. These studies indicate that GPR105 ablation mitigates HFD-induced insulin resistance by inhibiting macrophage recruitment and tissue inflammation. Hence GPR105 provides a novel link between innate immunity and metabolism.
Attenuation of Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease in the Absence of the Transcription Factor RORγt
Authors: Fulton LeShara M. , Carlson Michael J. , Coghill James M. , Ott Laura E. , West Michelle L. , Panoskaltsis-Mortari Angela , Littman Dan R. , Blazar Bruce R. , Serody Jonathan S. 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remains the most significant complication after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Previously, acute GVHD had been considered to be mediated predominantly by Th1-polarized T cells. Recently, investigators have identified a second proinflammatory lineage of T cells termed Th17 that is critically dependent on the transcription factor retinoic acid-related orphan receptor (ROR)γt. In this study, we have evaluated the role of Th17 cells in murine acute GVHD by infusing donor T cells lacking RORC and as a consequence the isoform RORγt. Recipients given donor CD4+ and CD8+ T cells lacking RORC had significantly attenuated acute GVHD and markedly decreased tissue pathology in the colon, liver, and lung. Using a clinically relevant haploidentical murine transplantation model, we showed that RORC−/− CD4+ T cells alone diminished the severity and lethality of acute GVHD. This was not found when CD4+ T cells from RORC−/− mice were given to completely mismatched BALB/c mice, and it was correlated with absolute differences in the generation of TNF in the colon after transplant. Thus, CD4+ T cell expression of RORC is important in the pathogenesis of acute GVHD.