bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder: prevalence and effects on nursing students’ academic performance and clinical training in Kuwait
Authors: Omu Florence E , Al‐Marzouk Rabea , Delles Helen , Oranye Nelson O , Omu Alexander E 
Published: March 2011

Aims.  This study investigated the prevalence of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder among non‐treatment seeking female students at the College of Nursing Kuwait. It also explored the effects of the disorder on their academic performance as shown by their grade point average and rate of absenteeism at clinical training.Background.  Many women worldwide are unaware of this distressing menstrual disorder which affects about 3–8% of women of childbearing age. The cyclical mood symptoms often appear during the last week prior to the onset of menstruation. These symptoms interfere with sufferers activities of daily living including occupational, biopsychosocial and sexual activities.Design.  A prospective observational study.Methods.  The study used an adapted Arabic version of Daily Record of Severity of Problem for two menstrual cycles to collect data from 110 nursing students.Result.  Data analysis showed Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the adapted tool was 0·95. The rate of premenstrual dysphoric disorder was 5·6%. Hypotheses tested showed no significant effect on students’ academic performance but a significant association with absenteeism at clinical training.Conclusion.  The rate obtained in this study was similar to those from recent studies. Participants with high luteal scores believe that the condition have lowered their quality of life by making them choose to be in isolation during the period.Relevance to clinical practice.  Nursing students’ absenteeism rate at clinical training is a predictor of their work absence pattern after qualification. Absenteeism due to premenstrual dysphoric disorder, a cyclic monthly disorder will be of monthly occurrences if sufferers do not sought medical treatment. Registered nurses absenteeism will not only result in shortage of trained nursing personnel, but also lowered standard of client care. It also has cost implications as temporary substitute staff may have to be employed during their period of absence or sick leave. This has implications for nursing management.
‘Non‐European’ palaeomagnetic directions from the Carpathian Foredeep at the southern margin of the European plate
Authors: Márton Emő , Tokarski Antek K. , Krejčí Oldřich , Rauch Marta , Olszewska Barbara , Tomanová Petrová Pavla , Wójcik Antoni 
Published: March 2011

Terra Nova, 23, 134–144, 2011AbstractA palaeomagnetic study carried out at 33 geographically distributed localities in the Miocene fill of the 600‐km‐long Moravian and Polish segment of the Carpathian Foredeep revealed an overall more than 20° CCW rotation of the area. These new palaeomagnetic results can be best interpreted in terms of CCW rotation starting at around 17 Ma. The rotations must have affected not only the sedimentary fill of the Carpathian Foredeep but also the basement, owing to the dextral shift on NW–SE trending block‐bounding faults observed in the basement and in the Miocene sediments. This evidence for `non‐European' palaeomagnetic directions north of the Alpine–Carpathian mountain chain together with previously published indications question the rigidity of the European plate during the last 20 Ma, at least near the thrust front of the Alps and Carpathians.
Exercise performance increases coincident to body weight over the first two years following cardiac transplantation
Authors: Chaudry Hannah , Yip Daniel S. , Bush Tanya , Reynolds Virginia , Witzke Lorraine , Taylor Virginia , Hosenpud Jeffrey D. 
Published: March 2011

Chaudry H, Yip DS, Bush T, Reynolds V, Witzke L, Taylor V, Hosenpud JD. Exercise performance increases coincident to body weight over the first two years following cardiac transplantation. Clin Transplant 2011: 25: 685–688. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Background:  To determine whether exercise performance changed over time once patients stabilized after heart transplantation, metabolic stress testing was performed in patients one and two yr post‐heart transplantation.Methods:  The patient cohort includes those transplanted in our program who survived at least two yr and were able to perform metabolic stress tests during their one‐ and two‐yr annual evaluations. Standard stress test parameters were assessed, including weight, body surface area, rest and exercise heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP), exercise time, anaerobic threshold (AT), and maximum VO2 (MVO2). Ejection fraction by echo was also collected. Each patient served as their own control and data were compared using paired t‐testing.Results:  Fifty patients were included in the cohort, 48 of whom were able to exercise to at least AT. Patient weight increased from year 1 to year 2 (82.4 ± 15.1 vs. 85.0 ± 17.0 kg, p = 0.035). Systolic BP increased approximately 40 mmHg with exercise with no change in diastolic BP, and there was no difference between years 1 and 2. HR increased approximately 25 bpm with exercise. There was no difference in resting HR but exercise HR increased significantly between yrs (148 ± 15 bpm vs. 154 ± 18 bpm, p = 0.017). Both VO2 at AT and MVO2 increased significantly from year 1 to year 2 (1116 ± 347 mL/min vs. 1192 ± 313 mL/min, p = 0.049 and 1523 ± 337 mL/min vs. 1599 ± 356 mL/min, p = 0.012, respectively) but when corrected for body weight, there were no differences (VO2‐AT 13.6 ± 4.0 mL/kg/min vs. 14.0 ± 4.0 mL/kg/min; MVO2 18.7 ± 4.2 mL/kg/min vs. 18.8 ± 4.1 mL/kg/min). All other measured parameters were not different. There was a weak but statistically significant correlation between change in peak HR and change in VO2 at AT between one and two yr post‐transplantation (r = 0.30, p = 0.04).Conclusions:  We conclude that exercise performance as measured by VO2 can increase over time post‐heart transplantation and in our cohort appears to be related to both an increase in body weight and an increase in HR from years 1 and 2.
Preparation of the pancreas allograft for transplantation
Authors: Fridell Jonathan A. , Powelson John A. , Sanders Carrie E. , Ciancio Gaetano , Burke George W. , Stratta Robert J. 
Published: March 2011

Fridell JA, Powelson JA, Sanders CE, Ciancio G, Burke GW III, Stratta RJ. Preparation of the pancreas allograft for transplantation.  Clin Transplant 2011: 25: E103–E112. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Meticulous preparation of the allograft on the back bench is one of the cornerstones of technically successful whole‐organ pancreas transplantation. With evolving surgical approaches for organ retrieval and implantation, it has become routine to procure the pancreas in conjunction with other abdominal organs without sacrificing vasculature or graft quality and without compromising excellent outcomes. This review article summarizes the major steps required for proper back table preparation of the pancreas allograft with suggestions and tips whenever alternative approaches are presented.
Attitudes toward live donor kidney transplantation and its commercialization
Authors: Mazaris Evangelos M. , Crane Jeremy S. , Warrens Anthony N. , Smith Glenn , Tekkis Paris , Papalois Vassilios E. 
Published: March 2011

Mazaris EM, Crane JS, Warrens AΝ, Smith G, Tekkis P, Papalois VE. Attitudes toward live donor kidney transplantation and its commercialization. Clin Transplant 2011: 25: E312–E319. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Development of live donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) programs has intensified debate regarding acceptability of certain donor categories and potential commercialization. Concerning these issues, we surveyed the views of medical and nursing staff caring for patients with renal failure and renal transplant recipients and donors.Participants were recruited from a tertiary transplant unit and invited to complete an anonymous questionnaire.Four hundred and sixty‐four participants completed the questionnaire (42% response). One hundred and sixty‐eight (36.2%) were health care professionals and 296 (63.8%) patients; 85.6% of participants were willing to donate to their children, 80.2% to siblings, 80.8% to parents, 72% to a non‐blood‐related relative or friend, and 15.3% to a stranger. If participants had hypothetical renal failure, they were prepared to accept a kidney from a parent (79.5%), sibling (78.7%), child (56.3%), a non‐blood‐related relative or friend (79.3%), or stranger (54.1%). Regarding commercialization, responders’ attitudes were that the donor should not accept financial reward (29.1%), be compensated for expenses only (60.6%), or should receive a direct financial reward (10.1%). For non‐directed donation, 23.5%, 55.6%, and 20.7% were not in support of reward, compensation only, and financial reward, respectively.While live kidney donation was accepted by the majority of individuals surveyed, only the minority approved of commercialization.
Efficacy and safety of linezolid in liver transplant patients
Authors: Radunz S. , Juntermanns B. , Kaiser G.M. , Treckmann J. , Mathe Z. , Paul A. , Saner F.H. 
Published: March 2011

S. Radunz, B. Juntermanns, G.M. Kaiser, J. Treckmann, Z. Mathe, A. Paul, F.H. Saner. Efficacy and safety of linezolid in liver transplant patients Transpl Infect Dis 2011: 13: 353–358. All rights reservedAbstract: Bacterial infections are the main cause of death within the first year after liver transplantation, and the increased incidence of multidrug‐resistant gram‐positive pathogens has created a major challenge in the treatment of these patients. Linezolid, the first US Food & Drug Administration‐approved oxazolidinone, offers a valuable novel treatment option for serious gram‐positive infections. Linezolid is relatively non‐toxic but prolonged treatment with linezolid was associated with thrombocytopenia. Here we report on the experience of linezolid treatment in adult liver transplant patients, who are at an increased risk for thrombocytopenia because of hypersplenism. From November 2003 until December 2009, we evaluated the clinical course of 46 liver transplant patients (27 male/19 female) in our surgical intensive care unit. For proven or probable gram‐positive infection, all patients received linezolid 600 mg intravenously every 12 h. On clinical improvement, treatment was changed to oral linezolid 600 mg twice daily. Treatment duration was 11 ± 7 days. Treatment indications were pneumonia (n=8), blood stream infection (n=30), and surgical site/abdominal infection (n=3). Clinical cure was achieved in 43 out of 46 patients. During the course of treatment, no cases of severe thrombocytopenia occurred and a statistically significant platelet count increase was seen from day 1 (110 ± 73/nL) to day 7 (165 ± 116/nL) and day 14 (180 ± 140/nL). We did not observe any further adverse events, especially no severe neurological complications (e.g., serotonin syndrome) or signs of lactate acidosis. Two patients died from uncontrolled vancomycin‐resistant Enterococcus faecium sepsis with septic shock and one due to uncontrolled methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia. These deaths were considered to be unrelated to linezolid treatment, and linezolid was regarded as the optimal treatment choice in these patients. A subgroup analysis of patients treated for >14 days revealed no statistically significant differences when compared with patients on shorter treatment. In particular, no cases of thrombocytopenia occurred during longer treatment. In conclusion, linezolid is a safe and effective treatment for adult liver transplant patients with gram‐positive infections.
Impaired endothelial progenitor cell mobilization and colony‐forming capacity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: TAKAHASHI TORU , SUZUKI SATOSHI , KUBO HIROSHI , YAMAYA MUTSUO , KUROSAWA SHIN , KATO MASATO 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTBackground and objective:  Recent studies suggest that there is endothelial impairment in both the systemic and pulmonary circulations of patients with COPD. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) are mobilized into the circulation by physiological stressors such as surgery, and are thought to play a role in the repair of damaged endothelium. There has been a steady increase in the frequency of surgery among COPD patients, due to the incidence of complications and lung cancer; however, the mobilization of EPC during lung resection has not been examined. We evaluated whether the mobilization and proliferation of EPC are impaired in COPD patients.Methods:  The numbers of circulating EPC (CD34/KDR/AC133‐positive mononuclear cells) were measured by flow cytometry, in COPD patients (n = 30) and non‐COPD patients (n = 30) who were undergoing thoracic surgery. EPC colony‐forming units (EPC‐CFU) were also examined.Results:  In non‐COPD patients, both circulating EPC and EPC‐CFU were significantly increased 2 h after the operation started, whereas in COPD patients there were no changes in circulating EPC or EPC‐CFU, irrespective of the severity of COPD. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that the presence of COPD was the only significant independent predictor of reduced mobilization of EPC during thoracic surgery.Conclusions:  The number of circulating EPC and EPC‐CFU was not increased during thoracic surgery in COPD patients. These results indicate that both the mobilization and proliferative capacity of EPC are severely impaired in COPD patients.
Pseudomonas putida KT2440 genome update by cDNA sequencing and microarray transcriptomics
Authors: Frank Sarah , Klockgether Jens , Hagendorf Petra , Geffers Robert , Schöck Ulrike , Pohl Thomas , Davenport Colin F. , Tümmler Burkhard 
Published: March 2011

SummaryPseudomonas putida KT2440 is a completely sequenced biosafety strain that has retained its capability to survive and function in the environment. The global mRNA expression profiles of the KT2440 strain grown at 10°C and 30°C were determined by deep cDNA sequencing to refine the genome annotation. Transcriptome sequencing identified 36 yet unknown small non‐coding RNAs, 143 novel ORFs in 106 intergenic regions, 42 unclassified genes and eight highly expressed leaderless mRNA transcripts. The genome coordinates of eight genes and the organization of 57 operons were corrected. No overrepresented sequence motifs were detected in the 5′‐untranslated regions. The 50 most highly expressed genes made up 60% of the total mRNA pool. Comparison of cDNA sequencing, Affymetrix and Progenika microarray data from the same mRNA preparation revealed a higher sensitivity and specificity of cDNA sequencing, a relatively poor correlation between the normalized cDNA reads and microarray signal intensities, and a systematic signal‐dependent bias of microarrays in the detection of differentially regulated genes. The study demonstrates the power of next‐generation cDNA sequencing for the quantitation of mRNA transcripts and the refinement of bacterial genome annotation.
Archaeal diversity along a subterranean salt core from the Salar Grande (Chile)
Authors: Gramain Audrey , Díaz Guillermo Chong , Demergasso Cecilia , Lowenstein Tim K. , McGenity Terry J. 
Published: March 2011

SummaryThe Salar Grande in the Coastal Range of Northern Chile is a fossil evaporitic basin filled with almost pure halite (95% NaCl average). It is assumed that the basin has not received input of brines since the Pliocene (5.3 to 1.8 million years). Below 1 m the halite has remained undissolved since this time, whereas the upper layer has been dissolved and recrystallized by dripping fogs and occasional rainfall. We compared the archaeal community at different depths using both nested PCR and cultivation. The upper 10 cm of halite crust contained diverse haloarchaeal species, including several from new genera, but their provenance is unknown. For samples deeper in the core, a new and rigorous procedure for chemically sterilizing the surface of single halite crystals was developed. These halite crystals contained only species of the genus Halobacterium (Hbt.). Halobacterium salinarum‐like sequences were detected by PCR, and evidence that they were from ancient DNA include: comparison with numerous negative controls; detection of 16S rRNA sequence differences in non‐conserved regions, indicating genuine evolutionary mutations rather than PCR‐cloning artefacts; independent isolation of Hbt. salinarum from ancient halite; and diverse mechanisms possessed by this species for minimizing radiation damage and thus enhancing its potential for long‐term survival. Haloarchaea related to Hbt. noricense were obtained from enrichment cultures from ∼0.4 and 15.4 m depth. We investigated Hbt. noricense strain A1 and found that when trapped inside halite crystals its recovery was as rapid after 27 months of entombment as at day 0, faring much better than other extreme halophiles. A biogeographical investigation showed that Hbt. noricense‐like organisms were: commonly found in surface‐sterilized ancient halite, associated with salt mines, in halite crusts, and, despite a much more intense search, only rarely detected in surface environments. We conclude that some Halobacterium species are specialists at long‐term survival in halite.
602 and One Dead: On Contribution to Global Poverty and Liability to Defensive Force
Authors: Øverland Gerhard 
Published: March 2011

Abstract: When suggesting that we—the affluent in the developed world—are legitimate targets of defensive force due to our contribution to global poverty one is likely to be countered by one of two strategies. The first denies that we contribute to global poverty. The second seems to affirm that we contribute, and even that we have stringent contribution‐based duties to address this poverty, but denies that such contribution makes forcible resistance permissible. Those in this second group employ several argumentative strategies.In this paper I investigate these strategies for denying the force‐related implication of contribution to poverty. I do not argue for political violence or for the permissibility of targeting the affluent, I merely investigate a conditional: if contribution to global poverty generates stringent duties to address it, then this contribution implies permission on the part of the victims to defend themselves with force, or for third parties to use force on their behalf.
Export, Exchange Rate Risk and Hedging: The Duopoly Case
Authors: Broll Udo , Wahl Jack E. , Wessel Christoph 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
This paper studies a Cournot duopoly in international trade with firms exposed to exchange rate risk. A hedging opportunity is introduced by a forward market on which one firm can trade the foreign currency.We investigate two settings: First, we assume that hedging and output decisions are taken simultaneously. It is shown that hedging is exclusively done for risk-managing reasons as it is not possible to use hedging strategically. Second, the hedging decision is made before the output decisions. We show that hedging is not only used to manage the risk exposure but also as a strategic device.
Why Young Boys Stumble: Early Tracking, Age and Gender Bias in the German School System
Authors: Jürges Hendrik , Schneider Kerstin 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
After primary school, German pupils are given a secondary school track recommendation. This recommendation and the actual track choice are strongly associated with later life outcomes. Using data from the German PISA 2000 extension study, we analyze the effect of relative age on track recommendations and actual choice. Younger pupils and boys are less likely to be recommended to and enrolled in the academic track (Gymnasium), the most attractive track in terms of later life outcomes. Flexible enrollment and grade retention partly offset these effects. We find no convincing evidence that postponing the recommendation by lengthening primary school by 2 years reduces the age or gender bias.
Pioneering fungi from the Damma glacier forefield in the Swiss Alps can promote granite weathering
Authors: BRUNNER I. , PLÖTZE M. , RIEDER S. , ZUMSTEG A. , FURRER G. , FREY B. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractFungi were isolated from fine granitic sediments, which were collected at 15 sampling points within a 20 m × 40 m area in front of the Damma glacier in the central Swiss Alps. From the 45 fungal isolates grown on nutrient‐rich agar media at 4 °C, 24 isolates were selected for partial sequencing and identification based on the small subunit ribosomal DNA. Sequencing data revealed that the isolated fungi represented three fungal phyla and 15 species. The weathering potential of 10 of the 15 fungal species was tested with dissolution experiments using powdered granite material (<63 μm). The results showed that the zygomyceteous species Mucor hiemalis, Umbelopsis isabellina and Mortierella alpina dissolved the granite powder most efficiently due to the release of a variety of organic acids, mainly citrate, malate and oxalate. In particular, the high concentrations of Ca, Fe, Mg and Mn in the solutions clustered well with the high amounts of exuded citrate. This is the first report on fungi that were isolated from a non‐vegetated glacier forefield in which the fungi’s capabilities to dissolve granite minerals were examined.
An Alternative Approach to European Union Democratization: Re-Examining the Direct Election of the Commission President
Authors: Decker Frank , Sonnicksen Jared 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA successful reform of any system of governance must be well informed of the system's own functional logic. In the context of its democratization, this article explores whether the institutional arrangement of the European Union has developed or behaves more like a presidential than a parliamentary system. Building on that, the authors re-examine the opportunities and feasibility of realizing that model as a step towards more democracy in European governance.
Gene flow between two closely related species in theacuticollisspecies group (Coleoptera: Lucanidae: genusPlatycerus) near their distribution border based on morphology and mitochondrial gene
Authors: KUBOTA Kôhei , KUBOTA Noriko 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe male endophallic morphology and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene of two parapatric species of theacuticollisspecies group,Platycerus acuticollisandP. albisomni, were examined at the border between the two species. No morphologically inferred hybrid was found. The endophallic and mitochondrial types of each individual were significantly linked, and the two species inferred by both types were essentially parapatric even at a very local level. We inferred that the reproductive isolation between them is high, although introgressive hybridization occurred rarely. The taxonomical assignment ofP. acuticollisandP. albisomnias two distinct species is considered appropriate.