bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge of Dysphagia among Geriatrics
Authors: Varshini M. J. Amirtha , Maria J. , Anusha M. N. , Anand Dikshitha 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Dysphagia is a medical term that suggests any form of difficulty with swallowing in any phase of swallowing. It has been reported in literature that 13%–35% of elderly individuals who live independently report dysphagic symptoms. It is also apparent that aging can affect all the components of swallowing function and increase the risk for dysphagia. Although dysphagia contributes to a significant figure as a cause for mortality in the geriatric population, the awareness of this “invisible disorder,” its symptoms, the professionals involved, and appropriate management among the general public still remains faint. The aim was to study the awareness of dysphagia among healthy geriatrics.

Methods:
A questionnaire consisting of 20 questions, including closed-ended and open-ended questions, requiring descriptive answers was constructed that included the following: cause, symptoms, professionals involved in assessment and treatment, treatment options, and cultural-based beliefs related to swallowing difficulty. The construct and content were validated by the speech-language pathologists. It was then administered to 100 individuals from the general public through face-to-face and telephonic modality, focusing on the age group above 60 years. The data collected were then subjected to statistical analysis by frequency counting and percentage calculation.

Results:
The participants are aware of the difficulties related to swallowing that are encountered by the geriatric population. However, the terminology, the professional that concerns itself with dysphagia, symptoms, and the coping strategies to handle dysphagia are not familiar.

Conclusion:
This falls worthy of attention as notable awareness among the general public is required for them to appreciate the symptoms (if present) of dysphagia and report to the concerned professionals to seek medical help that can help reduce the mortality rate.
Development of an Experimental Animal Screening Model for Induction of type-3 Diabetes Mellitus using High-fat Diet, Streptozotocin, and Nicotinamide
Authors: Vora Vishal R. , Tirgar Pravin R. , Raval Keval Y. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
To develop a screening method for the induction of type-3 diabetes mellitus (T3DM) in experimental animals.

Materials and Methods:
Twelve Albino Wistar rats were divided into normal control (NC) and disease control (DC) group. Animals of NC were fed with high-fat diet (HFD) for four weeks followed by intraperitoneal administration of nicotinamide (230 mg/kg) and streptozotocin (STZ) (65 mg/kg). Body weight (BW) and blood glucose levels (BGL) were measured from week 1 to 4. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) levels were estimated on week 4. Behavioral parameters including Morris water maze test (MWMT), T-maze test, and rota-rod test were recorded. Estimation of acetylcholine (ACh) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was conducted on week 4. Histopathological analysis of brain hippocampus was undertaken in three animals of each group.

Results:
DC group showed significant elevation in levels of BW and BGL with P value < 0.05. Levels of HbA1C increased significantly in DC group with P value < 0.0001. DC group showed a significant increase (P value < 0.05 [week 1] and P value < 0.001 [weeks 2–4]) in escape latency and elapsed time in MWMT and T-maze test, respectively. In DC group, elapsed time decreased significantly (P value < 0.05 [week 1] and P value < 0.001 [weeks 2–4]) in rota-rod test. A significant deviation in the levels of ACh and AChE was recorded with P value < 0.0001. Histopathology of hippocampus part of DC group showed notable increase in the number of β-amyloid plaque.

Conclusion:
Animals administered with HFD, nicotinamide, and STZ showed dementia along with the diabetic condition suggesting the induction of T3DM.
In vivo Investigation of the Therapeutic Potential of Ziziphus mauritiana Against Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Albino Wistar Rats
Authors: Dave Sunidhi , Tirgar Pravin , Undhad Tushar , Raval Keval 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
To examine the potential anti-inflammatory activity of the methanolic extract of Ziziphus mauritiana (MEZM) in inflammatory bowel disease conditions.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 36 adult male Albino Wistar rats were divided into six groups. The first group (normal control) was administered with normal saline, and the second group (disease control) was administered with 4% acetic acid via the rectal route. The third group (sulfasalazine group) received the standard treatment of 100 mg/kg sulfasalazine, while three test groups were administered with 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg of MEZM. On the 14th day, a macroscopic examination was conducted to assess colonic inflammation, ulceration, and levels of cytokines including interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin13 (IL-13), and tumour necrosis factorα (TNFα), which were estimated to investigate the inflammatory response.

Result:
The cytokine levels increased significantly in the disease control group compared to the normal control group with P value <0.0001. Treatment with sulfasalazine (100 mg/kg) and different doses of MEZM significantly reduced the levels of IL-4 and IL6 compared to the disease control group with P value <0.0001. Animals treated with MEZM (100 mg/kg) showed significant reduction in IL-13 and TNF-α levels with P value <0.001. Levels of IL-13 and TNF-α levels were significantly reduced in animals treated with sulfasalazine (100 mg/kg) and MEZM (200 and 300 mg/kg) with P value <0.0001.

Conclusion:
The study indicates that MEZM may exert potential anti-inflammatory action in IBD conditions.
Intellectual potential is the basis of the economic security of the state
Authors: Соколов А.П. 
Published: June 2024

Интеллектуальный потенциал играет определяющую роль в укреплении безопасности отечественной экономики и является предпосылкой ее стабильного развития. Ситуация складывается таким образом, когда существует взаимозависимость между интеллектуальным потенциалом и обеспечением функциональных составляющих безопасности государства. В статье раскрываются вопросы сущности интеллектуального потенциала государства, его структура, роль человеческой составляющей в экономике страны. Обосновано, что интеллектуальная безопасность является неотъемлемым элементом системы экономической безопасности государства, когда необходимо создавать условия, необходимые для сохранения, развития и эффективного использования интеллектуального потенциала, подтверждающего ее органическое единство с экономической безопасностью страны.
Intellectual potential plays a crucial role in strengthening the security of the domestic economy and is a prerequisite for its stable development. The situation develops in such a way when there is an interdependence between the intellectual potential and the provision of functional components of the security of the state. The article reveals the issues of the essence of the intellectual potential of the state, its structure, the role of the human component in the country’s economy. It is proved that intellectual security is an integral element of the economic security system of the state, when it is necessary to create the conditions necessary for the preservation, development and effective use of intellectual potential, confirming its organic unity with the economic security of the country.
Aligning Design Studio Pedagogy to Industry Practice: Future Proofing Higher Design Education
Authors: Fleischmann Katja 
Published: June 2024

Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, design education experienced a significant shift as traditional studio teaching went online. This transition coincided with industry demands for adaptable, technology-proficient graduates prepared to work and collaborate as part of a decentralized workforce. This study examines how design educators in seven countries adapted their post-pandemic studio pedagogy to align with these industry needs. An online survey was used to efficiently reach the wide, geographically dispersed participant pool of educators. Findings indicate a rising acceptance of online technologies in studio teaching. The majority of design educators are now incorporating online elements into their design teaching. Pre-recorded lectures, online feedback and critique sessions, self-paced learning activities, and the use of cloud-based collaboration tools are among the most frequently employed methods. Nearly a third of surveyed educators are even considering teaching fully online design courses. This shift reflects a forward-thinking approach aimed at better aligning design education and industry. However, the study also highlights the importance of remaining open to disruptive technologies like generative artificial intelligence which is currently reshaping the design industry and work practices.

Received: 8 April 2024 | Revised: 9 May 2024 | Accepted: 11 June 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The author declares that she has no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Abailability Statement
The data that support this work are available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.

Author Contribution Statement
Katja Fleischmann: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration.
SurrogateRsq: An R Package for Categorical Data Goodness-of-Fit Analysis Using the Surrogate R2
Authors: Zhu Xiaorui , Lin Zewei , Liu Dungang , Greenwell Brandon 
Published: June 2024

Categorical data are prevalent in almost all research fields and business applications. Their statistical analysis and inference often rely on probit/logistic regression models. For these common models, however, there is no universally adopted measure for performing goodness-of-fit analysis. To this end, [26] proposed a so-called surrogate ${R^{2}}$ that resembles the ordinary least square (OLS) ${R^{2}}$ for linear regression models. The surrogate ${R^{2}}$ used the notion of surrogacy, namely, generating a continuous response S and using it as a surrogate of the original categorical response Y [24, 25, 8]. In this paper, we develop an R package $\mathbf{SurrogateRsq}$ to implement the surrogate ${R^{2}}$ method [43]. The package is compatible with existing model fitting functions (e.g., glm(), polr(), clm(), and vglm()), and its features are exhibited in a wine rating analysis. Our package can be used jointly with other R packages developed for variable selection and model diagnostics so as to form a complete model development process. This process is summarized and demonstrated in a categorical-data-modeling workflow that practitioners can follow. To exemplify an extended utility of the surrogate-${R^{2}}$-based goodness-of-fit analysis, we also use this package to illustrate how to compare different empirical models trained from different samples in the wine rating analysis. The result suggests that the package allows us to evaluate comparability across multiple samples/models/studies that address the same or similar scientific or business questions.
COMO A ESCOLA TRATA A VARIAÇÃO LINGUÍSTICA NO BRASIL
Authors: Castro Francisca Mailza Bezerra de , Agrello Marisa Pascarelli 
Published: June 2024

Este artigo é parte de um trabalho científico extenso e rigoroso desenvolvido durante o Mestrado Acadêmico em Ciências da Educação, pela Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias (ULHT), Lisboa, o qual tem como tema: A utilização da língua portuguesa em duas regiões do estado do ceará. O trabalho de pesquisa supracitado foi desenvolvido nas cidades de Pentecoste e Juazeiro do Norte, representando respectivamente a linguagem falada nas regiões Litoral Oeste e Cariri cearense, no qual se dissertou sobre a importância de se analisar e respeitar as variações linguísticas no Brasil, a fim de não se obstacularizar a aprendizagem dos alunos no Ensino Médio, levando-os à desistência dos estudos pela falta de comunicação entre professores e alunos e mesmo entre os pares. Investiga-se principalmente, as diferenças lexicais e suas causas (objetivos específicos). A metodologia empregada é a qualitativa, tendo como campo empírico de pesquisa uma escola de cada município estudado pois, os sujeitos participantes são os coordenadores, professores e alunos. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de sessões de entrevistas semiestruturadas e individuais (2018). E sua análise baseada no método “análise de conteúdo” de Bardin (2015). embasando-se nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais – Ensino Médio – Parte II – Linguagem, Códigos e suas Tecnologias, Nacionais (1997) e em linguistas como: Bagno (2015), Traváglia (2017) e Lucchesi (2012, 2015, 2017), a literatura que propõe novos caminhos para o ensino da Língua Portuguesa, considerando os diversos dialetos que a compõem, apontados pelos historiadores: Aranha, (2020) e Fausto, (2019).
Management of an Early-Onset, Painful Tibial Nerve Neuroma Using an Autologous Nerve Graft
Authors: Brandstetter Viktoria , Radtke Christine , Supper Paul , Haimel Georg 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
This case report describes the treatment of a postoperative painful neuroma of the tibial nerve using an autologous nerve graft in a dog. The patient presented with sudden non–weight-bearing lameness 10 days after iatrogenic tibial nerve injury during preparation of a reverse saphenous conduit flap. The dog showed severe pain at the surgical site without nerve deficits. A magnetic resonance imaging examination revealed an enlarged tibial nerve at the injury site, consistent with a neuroma. Analgesics were administered over 11 days, but the patient remained in severe pain and non–weight-bearing. Therefore, surgical resection was recommended. The fusiform neuroma was resected microsurgically, and a saphenous nerve graft was transplanted using an epineural nerve repair technique. Histopathological examination was consistent with a neuroma. The dog showed immediate pain relief and weight-bearing the day after surgery with normal motor function. The dog made a full recovery by the last follow-up 6 mo after surgery. If patients develop pain and lameness following surgery or nerve injury, neuroma formation must be considered, even shortly after surgery. Microsurgical resection and autologous nerve transplantation using an epineural nerve repair technique is a viable method to treat painful neuromas and minimize the risk for recurrence in dogs.
Trends in Open Versus Endoscopic Carpal Tunnel Release From 2010 to 2021
Authors: Ratnasamy Philip P. , Rudisill Katelyn E. , Joo Peter Y. , Lattanza Lisa L. , Grauer Jonathan N. 
Published: June 2024

Background:
This study compared trends in use, predictive factors, and reimbursement of endoscopic carpal tunnel release (ECTR) withthose of open carpal tunnel release (OCTR) from 2010 to 2021 using a national administrative database.

Methods:
ECTR and OCTR patients were identified in the PearlDiver M151Ortho data set. Numeric and proportional utilization of these procedures was characterized for each year of study. Multivariate analysis was conducted to identify predictive factors for having ECTR performed. The average 90-day reimbursement of ECTR and OCTR was determined.

Results:
From 2010 through 2021, 441,023 ECTR and 1,767,820 OCTR procedures were identified. The proportional use of ECTR compared with OCTR rose from 2010 (15.7% of procedures) to 2021 (26.1%). Independent predictors of having ECTR performed rather than OCTR included geographic variation (compared with having surgery in the Midwest, Northeast odds ratio [OR], 1.53; West OR, 1.62; and South OR, 1.66), having Medicare or commercial insurance (compared with commercial, Medicare OR, 0.94, and Medicaid OR, 0.69), female sex, and fewer comorbidities. The average 90-day reimbursement for ECTR was $3,114.82, compared with $3,087.62 for OCTR.

Discussion:
As of 2021, over one-fourth of carpal tunnel releases are done endoscopically. Several factors independently predict whether patients receive ECTR or OCTR.
Errances identitaire, urbaine et narrative : « La ronde » de Le Clézio
Authors: Mahy Fanny 
Published: June 2024

« Ce que j’aime dans l’écriture c’est qu’on sait d’où l’on part mais jamais où l’on arrive » déclare Le Clézio. Nous analyserons la nouvelle « La ronde » (La ronde et autres faits divers, 1982) dans une perspective de lectures plurielles liées à la thématique de l’errance. Ce travail vérifiera l’hypothèse selon laquelle l’approfondissement des multiples dimensions de l’errance dans le texte permettrait non seulement d’en saisir les enjeux mais aussi de pénétrer le fonctionnement de l’écriture. Le trouble psychique des personnages, la violence, la dualité, le vide, le rapport à l’autre perturbé sont à l’origine d’oscillations identitaires chez les personnages qui évoluent dans le milieu urbain surmoderne, tel que défini par Marc Augé. La critique sociale se manifeste par la toute-puissance des machines, les errements plutôt que l’initiation, et la représentation d’une ville-enfer qui prend forme et force par les effets de réel. La narration, à plusieurs égards, se fait le double de la matière du récit, en épouse les mouvements, les déplacements dans des fragments lieux-temps, et les incertitudes, instabilités et confusions.
De la reconfiguration pluridentitaire de l’africanité : l’écriture romanesque d’Alain Mabanckou
Authors: Manirambona Fulgence 
Published: June 2024

Cet article propose une analyse de la mutation du concept d’africanité dans le contexte de l’écriture de la diaspora africaine contemporaine en situation de contact des langues et des cultures. Dans cette altérité littéraire, l’expression identitaire s’inscrit dans une articulation africanité-mondialisation qui dépasse une vision manichéenne pour nous offrir une lecture transidentaire, transnationale et translinguistique du roman africain. Appliqué au roman d’Alain Mabanckou, ce contexte révèle une orientation discursive du roman qui tente de s’inscrire dans l’universel. Les manifestations pluridentitaires et pluriculturelles des protagonistes, la pluralité spatiale et l’interlangue, ostensible dans le surgissement d’étrangetés linguistiques dans le texte français, sont les innovations majeures du roman contemporain perceptibles chez Mabanckou. Cette écriture expressive de l’africanité contemporaine recourt à l’esthétique, à la stylistique et à la poétique « afropolitaines ».
L’Univers.Cité est dans la place !... ou presque, encore un petit effort. Littérature comparée et responsabilité sociale des universités
Authors: Suchet Myriam 
Published: June 2024

La crise qui frappe l’Université et, plus largement, la société française toute entière ne peut pas laisser les chercheurs indifférents, qu’ils soient jeunes ou moins jeunes. Quel est le type de responsabilité qui incombe aux universitaires ? Ni profession de foi, ni serment d’Hippocrate, le présent article s’efforce de mettre en œuvre, davantage que de théoriser, le mode d’engagement spécifique à l’enseignant-chercheur. Il s’agit d’une tentative expérimentale dont l’effort doit se poursuivre. Mon objet d’étude m’invitait à cette réflexion en acte : la littérature postcoloniale hétérolingue et la pratique de la traduction invitent à penser le rapport du sujet à sa propre identité et au monde. Mais ma proposition s’origine plus directement dans la rencontre qu’a constitué le festival Jeunes Chercheurs dans la Cité 2010. Il semble en effet que seule une « pensée complexe » (Edgar Morin) ouverte au dialogue, prête à affronter l’indétermination et disposée à la relation pourra restaurer le contrat social qui donne sens à l’Université – tout en préservant sa spécificité.
Musée, tiraillements et opportunités
Authors: Depraetere Marie 
Published: June 2024

Cet article se propose de redéfinir le statut particulier de l’objet de musée, bien collectif inaliénable supposé contenir « l’esprit », les fondements, l’histoire d’une collectivité. Si le musée fait l’objet d’une réglementation particulière, obéit à un code déontologique, est investi de missions, c’est parce que l’œuvre, dès son entrée dans l’institution, devient porteuse de valeurs historiques et symboliques, qui en changent profondément la nature. Le musée acquiert alors une aura patrimoniale proche du sacré. Je tenterai d’établir, à travers quelques cas concrets et après une courte présentation du contexte managérial actuel des musées, comment le statut « sacré » de l’objet de musée s’exprime à l’intérieur de l’institution et quelles conséquences cela induit sur la gestion des entreprises culturelles que sont aujourd’hui les musées.
Qu'est-ce que la constitution de l'État ? Une lecture non-métaphysique de Hegel
Authors: Carré Louis 
Published: June 2024

La question de la constitution de l'État a toujours été au centre de la philosophie politique de Hegel. Dans ses Principes de la philosophie du droit, il lui consacre une longue sous-section, où se trouvent exposés sa théorie « organique » des pouvoirs étatiques et son modèle de monarchie constitutionnelle. Sa démonstration de la monarchie constitutionnelle s'appuie largement sur une série de prémisses logicospéculatives propres à son système philosophique. Cet article entend rouvrir la question de la constitution en proposant une lecture non-métaphysique de Hegel qui partira moins de sa métaphysique de l'État que du sens commun que nous attachons à la notion de constitution. A certains endroits de sa Philosophie du droit, Hegel conçoit en effet la constitution comme le « commentaire » que l'esprit d'un peuple livre à propos de lui-même. Cette conception de la constitution devrait permettre d'entrevoir une pensée « démocratique » de l'État à l'œuvre chez Hegel.
Le polymorphisme de Priape. Les formes multiples d’un dieu
Authors: Fürdös David 
Published: June 2024

Notre étude tend à reconstruire les canons régissant l’iconographie priapique. Représenté comme un vieillard ou un enfant doté d’un phallus énorme, Priape est exclu de la cité, relégué dans l’espace marginal des jardins. Grossier pieu de bois ithyphallique, badigeonné de rouge, il y est dieu des potagers, lié au lieu qu’il doit protéger et fiché en terre pour ensemencer symboliquement le sol. Muni d’une couronne de roseaux et d’une serpette, il y joue aussi le rôle d’épouvantail. En revanche, sous la forme d’un phallus « désérotisé », il trouve sa place au sein de la cité en y jouant un rôle apotropaïque. On le trouve dès lors partout sur les objets les plus usuels comme sous la forme d’amulette : on ne parle alors plus de « phallus », mais de « fascinum », chargé d’un pouvoir reproductif et prophylactique. Bref selon les fonctions qu’il remplit et le lieu où il se trouve, Priape est représenté différemment, selon un code très précis et régi par la loi.