bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of deep learning models to traditional Cox regression in predicting survival of colon cancer: Based on the SEER database
Authors: Qu Zihan , Wang Yashan , Guo Dingjie , He Guangliang , Sui Chuanying , Duan Yuqing , Zhang Xin , Meng Hengyu , Lan Linwei , Liu Xin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and AimIn this study, a deep learning algorithm was used to predict the survival rate of colon cancer (CC) patients, and compared its performance with traditional Cox regression.MethodsIn this population‐based cohort study, we used the characteristics of patients diagnosed with CC between 2010 and 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. The population was randomized into a training set (n = 10 596, 70%) and a test set (n = 4536, 30%). Brier scores, area under the (AUC) receiver operating characteristic curve and calibration curves were used to compare the performance of the three most popular deep learning models, namely, artificial neural networks (ANN), deep neural networks (DNN), and long‐short term memory (LSTM) neural networks with Cox proportional hazard (CPH) model.ResultsIn the independent test set, the Brier values of ANN, DNN, LSTM and CPH were 0.155, 0.149, 0.148, and 0.170, respectively. The AUC values were 0.906 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.897–0.916), 0.908 (95% CI 0.899–0.918), 0.910 (95% CI 0.901–0.919), and 0.793 (95% CI 0.769–0.816), respectively. Deep learning showed superior promising results than CPH in predicting CC specific survival.ConclusionsDeep learning showed potential advantages over traditional CPH models in terms of prognostic assessment and treatment recommendations. LSTM exhibited optimal predictive accuracy and has the ability to provide reliable information on individual survival and treatment recommendations for CC patients.
Ten missteps in the management of inflammatory bowel disease in Asia: An expert report by the Asian Pacific Association of Gastroenterology Working Group on Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Ahuja Vineet , Hilmi Ida , Ye Byong Duk , Ling Khoon Lin , Ng Siew C. , Leong Rupert W. , Kumar Peeyush , Khoo Xin Hui , Makharia Govind K. , Sollano Jose , Pisespongsa Pises , Mustaffa Nazri , Banerjee Rupa , Leow Alex Hwong‐Ruey , Raja Ali Raja Affendi , Chuah Sai Wei , Palaniappan Shanthi , Ooi Choon Jin , Leung Wai K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rapidly emerging in the Asia Pacific region. However, there are many challenges in the diagnosis and management of this condition. The Asian Pacific Association of Gastroenterology (APAGE) Working Group on IBD conducted a round table meeting to identify 10 common mistakes in the management of IBD in Asia. To summarize, many physicians still over rely on a definitive histological diagnosis before starting treatment and do not fully establish disease extent such as perianal and proximal gastrointestinal involvement in Crohn's disease (CD) or extent of involvement in ulcerative colitis (UC). It is also essential to actively look for evidence of extra‐intestinal manifestations, which may influence choice of therapy. In terms of conventional therapy, underuse of topical 5 aminosalicylates (5‐ASAs) in UC and inappropriate dosing of corticosteroids are also important considerations. Acute severe UC remains a life‐threatening condition and delay in starting rescue therapy after inadequate response to intravenous steroids is still common. Anti‐tumor necrosis factors should be considered first line in all cases of complex perianal fistulizing CD. Most patients with IBD are on potent immunosuppressive therapy and should be screened for latent infections and offered vaccinations according to guidelines. Under‐recognition and management of significant complications such as anemia, osteoporosis, malnutrition, and thromboembolism should also be addressed. Colonoscopy is still not properly performed for dysplasia/cancer surveillance and for evaluating post‐op recurrence of CD. Another common misstep is inappropriate withdrawal of medications during pregnancy leading to increased complications for the mother and the newborn.
Jump volatility and firm‐specific investor sentiment
Authors: Wang Chen , Xiong Xiong , Li Xiao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLiterature on investor sentiment has predominantly been conducted at the market level. Recent studies employing firm‐level sentiment have increasingly turned to textual analysis; however, the suitability of this type of proxy is still unverified. We utilize the Chinese stock market data from 2015 to 2023, aiming to discern whether the jump component of realized volatility possesses characteristics of investor sentiment. Our analysis reveals a pronounced short‐term persistence in jump volatility, particularly, among stocks that are hard to value and those with minimal institutional ownership. Further, we find that stocks exhibiting high monthly jump volatility consistently exhibit underperformance over extended periods, corroborating the hypothesis of sentiment‐induced temporary mispricing phenomena. Significantly, our findings advocate for the adoption of the jump component of realized volatility as a proxy for firm‐specific investor sentiment, offering a novel perspective in the sentiment analysis literature.
Apparent digestibility and nutritional status of capuchin monkeys (Sapajus sp.) under human care
Authors: Silva Maira Beatriz Gandolfi , Tokashiki Erick Yuji , Testa Carolyne Assis Eigenheer Pinke , de Lima Meirelles Paulo Roberto , Okamoto Priscylla Tatiana Chalfun Guimarães , Urrego Ana Camila Beltrán , Melchert Alessandra 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundStuding the nutritional needs and dietary habits of primates is essential to ensure their health and well‐being. This includes the understanding of the use of nutrients and its correlation with health parameters.MethodsDiet and nutritional parameters of 13 captive capuchin monkeys (Sapajus sp.) were assesed. Apparent digestibility of dry matter and nutrients were evaluated. Nutritional status was established based on body condition score (BCS) and muscle mass score (MMS).ResultsHigh apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) were observed for crude protein and ether extract, but low for minerals and crude fiber. The ADC of EE and CF were related to MMS, and the biochemical parameters did not correlate with the AD coefficients obtained in the group. The nutritional status of the animals remained inadequate in 84.6% of the individuals, suggesting a reformulation of the diet and nutritional management.
Age‐related differences in the use of boundary management tactics when teleworking: Implications for productivity and work‐life balance
Authors: Scheibe Susanne , Retzlaff Lena , Hommelhoff Sabine , Schmitt Antje 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe rise of home‐based teleworking and the ageing of the workforce constitute two major trends impacting the future of work. Managing these trends well requires a good understanding of how worker age and telework intersect and which mechanisms link age and telework outcomes. We integrated perspectives of boundary theory and the lifespan model of selection, optimization, and compensation and investigated in two studies the relationship between employee age and two telework outcomes (work–life balance and unfinished tasks) as mediated by boundary management tactics aimed at segmenting work and nonwork roles. Across Study 1 (a two‐wave study with 172 teleworkers) and Study 2 (a three‐wave study with 282 teleworkers), we found positive associations between age and use of segmenting boundary management tactics during telework. We further identified indirect effects of age on higher productivity in terms of fewer unfinished tasks (both studies) and better work–life balance (Study 2) through boundary management tactics use. Robustness checks indicated that age effects remain significant after controlling for a number of demographic characteristics, work and home demands, motivational factors, and self‐regulatory skills. Findings suggest that older workers effectively navigate the blurred work‐nonwork boundaries in home‐based telework using self‐regulatory behaviour that supports positive telework outcomes.
Alone but flowing: The effects of autotelic personality and extraversion on solitary flow
Authors: Tse Dwight C. K. , Joseph Ayodele , Sweeny Kate 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjective/BackgroundFlow, a psychological state of intense engagement in and enjoyment of an activity, can arise during both solitary and socially interactive experiences. In the literature, whereas people high in extraversion have difficulty achieving flow in solitude, those with an autotelic personality—a combination of traits that make people prone to flow—readily experience flow in both solitary and interactive conditions. In this pre‐registered experiment, we investigated whether autotelic personality mitigates the negative association between solitary flow and extraversion.MethodParticipants and their romantic partners (final N = 368) played the game Perfection™ in three conditions (order was counterbalanced): alone (solitary condition), in the presence of their partner without interaction (mere‐presence condition), and collaboratively (interactive condition).ResultsThere were independent, positive main effects of extraversion and autotelic personality on flow experience in mere‐presence and interactive conditions. However, the positive effect of extraversion on solitary flow was only significant among participants with high (vs. low) autotelic personality. In all conditions, flow experience was associated with greater low‐arousal positive affect and lesser high‐arousal negative affect.ConclusionsThe findings shed light on the role of personality in promoting solitary flow experiences, and particularly how traits might interact to determine optimal and non‐optimal conditions for achieving flow.
Religious coping and delinquent behaviors: Moderated mediation roles of religion affiliation and prosocial moral reasoning
Authors: Nwafor Chidozie Edwin , Ugwu Paschal Chukwuma , Okoye Chukwuemeka Felix A. , Obi‐Nwosu Harry , Ofonedu Mirian E. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractReligion has been shown to have a positive impact for developing adolescents; however, the processes underlying this relation are not well known. In his almighty prosocial theory, Anazonwu (Conceptualizing and testing almighty prosociality theory for a more peaceful world, SCOA Heritage Nigeria, 2017) proposed that the activation of learnt prosocial moral reasoning through religion enabled performance of prosocial peace behavior that will benefit society. Thus, religion coping enhances the development of prosocial reasoning which in turn propagate prosocial acts while reducing delinquent behaviors. Similarly, developmental system theory (Lerner, Developmental science, developmental systems, and contemporary theories of human development, John Wiley & Sons, 2006) assumed that in every individual three mechanisms: plasticity (potential to change), context (environment), and developmental regulation (learnable principles) interact to describe the direction of the transactions between individuals and their various embedded sociocultural context of development which will also determine other developmental outcomes. Based on these two theoretical assumptions, the present study examined whether prosocial moral reasoning (developmental regulation) was the mechanism in the negative correlation between religious coping (plasticity) and delinquent behaviors (outcome), and if religious affiliation(context) (Christianity and Islam) moderated these paths. We hypothesized that the link from prosocial moral reasoning to lower delinquent behaviors would be stronger for Muslim compared with Christian youth. These questions were tested among Nigerian adolescence, an important sample because of high interreligious and interethnic tension among youth in the country. 298 adolescents (Mean age = 15.03 years, SD = 1.76; male = 176, female = 122; 46.3% Muslim, 53.7% Christian) were sampled using questionnaires in senior secondary schools in Nigeria. Moderated mediation result shows that greater religious coping was linked with higher prosocial moral reasoning, which in turn predicted fewer delinquent behaviors. Religious coping interacted with religion affiliation to influence delinquent behavior; there was a stronger link between these two constructs for Muslim compared to Christian youth. Thus, interventions aiming to reduce youth delinquent behaviors should consider promoting prosocial moral reasoning, particularly among the various religions (i.e., Christian/Muslim) communities.
A novel multi‐epitope peptide vaccine candidate targeting hepatitis E virus: An in silico approach
Authors: Kumar Anoop , Sahu Utkarsha , Agnihotri Geetanjali , Dixit Anshuman , Khare Prashant 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHepatitis E virus (HEV) is a foodborne virus transmitted through the faecal–oral route that causes viral hepatitis in humans worldwide. Ever since its discovery as a zoonotic agent, HEV was isolated from several species with an expanding range of hosts. HEV possesses several features of other RNA viruses but also has certain HEV‐specific traits that make its viral–host interactions inimitable. HEV leads to severe morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised people and pregnant women across the world. The situation in underdeveloped countries is even more alarming. Even after creating a menace across the world, we still lack an effective vaccine against HEV. Till date, there is only one licensed vaccine for HEV available only in China. The development of an anti‐HEV vaccine that can reduce HEV‐induced morbidity and mortality is required. Live attenuated and killed vaccines against HEV are not accessible due to the lack of a tolerant cell culture system, slow viral replication kinetics and varying growth conditions. Thus, the main focus for anti‐HEV vaccine development is now on the molecular approaches. In the current study, we have designed a multi‐epitope vaccine against HEV through a reverse vaccinology approach. For the first time, we have used viral ORF3, capsid protein and polyprotein altogether for epitope prediction. These are crucial for viral replication and persistence and are major vaccine targets against HEV. The proposed in silico vaccine construct comprises of highly immunogenic and antigenic T‐cell and B‐cell epitopes of HEV proteins. The construct is capable of inducing an effective and long‐lasting host immune response as evident from the simulation results. In addition, the construct is stable, non‐allergic and antigenic for the host. Altogether, our findings suggest that the in silico vaccine construct may be useful as a vaccine candidate for preventing HEV infections.
Culture and context in Interprofessional education: Expectations in Australia and Japan
Authors: Kent Fiona , Haruta Junji 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe attributes of collaborative practice in health care vary across contexts, necessitating the adaptation of interprofessional education curricula to prepare students for the collaborative practice expected in their respective health care systems. Culture, when conceptualised through an organisational lens, allows an analysis of the shared assumptions, beliefs and values, without seeking to reduce to a uniform construct. This article explores the differences in interprofessional education competencies between Australia and Japan and considers the systems and patient expectations, which underpin each. While collaborative competence exhibits some similarities across contexts, competency frameworks differ in emphasis, language and key terminology, which highlight multiple points of difference in the expectations of interprofessional collaborative practice across contexts. There are education and practice consequences of these different perspectives of collaborative practice, in an increasingly mobile international workforce.
The importance of seeking feedback for benefiting from feedback: A case of second language writing
Authors: Papi Mostafa , Abdi Tabari Mahmoud , Sato Masatoshi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study explored the role of feedback‐seeking behaviors (FSB) in how English‐as‐a‐second language (ESL) learners benefit from written corrective feedback (WCF). Seventy‐six learners enrolled in an ESL writing course at a major university in the United States completed an FSB questionnaire, wrote a narrative essay, received WCF on their essays, and were given the opportunity to seek further feedback while revising their essays. Five writing measures were used to assess the quality of the revised essays and code the WCF provided. Paired‐samples t‐tests showed that the students made statistically significant improvements in all but one (content) of the target measures. Multiple regression analyses showed that WCF predicted improvements in only one measure (language use), whereas the learners’ feedback monitoring (an implicit feedback‐seeking strategy involving attending to, processing, and using feedback) predicted the organization, vocabulary, language use, mechanics, as well as the overall quality of the students’ revisions. The results suggest that students benefit from WCF only if they seek, process, and use it. These findings confirmed the importance of feedback monitoring in how students benefit from WCF and support a learner‐centered perspective that views students as proactive agents in the feedback process. Theoretical and pedagogical implications are discussed.
Coalitions across divides: The interactional maintenance paradigm
Authors: Stagni Federica 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOver the years, scholars have investigated how alliances begin and end, paying particular attention to factors that facilitate the emergence of movement and campaign coalitions. However, the issue of maintaining co‐resistance among distinct activist groups that lasts over time is still understudied. This contribution aims to fill this gap. Through an in‐depth empirical study of the long‐lasting cooperation of Israeli‐Palestinian activist organizations in the Palestinian region of the South Hebron Hills, this article singles out various factors that allowed this alliance to survive intense repression and change in political opportunities. Methodologically, a Protest Event Analysis was carried out after 2 months of preliminary fieldwork in Palestine (2019). It was followed by another 3 months of fieldwork in spring 2022 spent living with the community of Susiya and joining their everyday life and activism. Twenty‐three interviews with activists from both communities were conducted.
Numerical Investigations on Wake Effects of Fish Cages
Authors: Cheng Hui , Aydemir Onur , Ong Muk Chen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A typical fish farm in Norway usually consists of 6–12 fish cages, and these fish cages are moored together in a grid shape. Due to wake effects, individual fish cages may experience different flow velocities depending on their positions in the fish farm. Hereby, the drag forces on individual fish cages can be different. The drag forces on the downstream fish cages are difficult to estimate without knowing the exact flow velocity, which will lead to challenges with the mooring system design. In this study, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method combined with a porous-media model is employed to investigate the wake effects on the fish farm. The flow field through the fish cages and the drag forces on the downstream fish cages are investigated and discussed.
The mitochondrial carboxylase PCCA interacts with
Listeria monocytogenes
phospholipase PlcB to modulate bacterial survival
Authors: Wang Jing , Cui Mingzhu , Liu Yucong , Chen Mianmian , Xu Jiali , Xia Jing , Sun Jing , Jiang Lingli , Fang Weihuan , Song Houhui , Cheng Changyong 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Listeria monocytogenes
, a prominent foodborne pathogen responsible for zoonotic infections, owes a significant portion of its virulence to the presence of the phospholipase PlcB. In this study, we performed an in-depth examination of the intricate relationship between
L. monocytogenes
PlcB and host cell mitochondria, unveiling a novel participant in bacterial survival: the mitochondrial carboxylase propionyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (PCCA). Our investigation uncovered previously unexplored levels of interaction and colocalization between PCCA and PlcB within host cells, with particular emphasis on the amino acids 504–508 of PCCA, which play a pivotal role in this partnership. To assess the effect of PCCA expression on
L. monocytogenes
proliferation, PCCA expression levels were manipulated by siRNA-si-PCCA or pCMV-N-HA-PCCA plasmid transfection. Our findings demonstrated a clear inverse correlation between PCCA expression levels and the proliferation of
L. monocytogenes
. Furthermore, the effect of
L. monocytogenes
infection on PCCA expression was investigated by assessing PCCA mRNA and protein expression in HeLa cells infected with
L. monocytogenes
. These results indicate that
L. monocytogenes
infection did not significantly alter PCCA expression. These findings led us to propose that PCCA represents a novel participant in
L. monocytogenes
survival, and its abundance has a detrimental impact on bacterial proliferation. This suggests that
L. monocytogenes
may employ PlcB-PCCA interactions to maintain stable PCCA expression, representing a unique pro-survival strategy distinct from that of other intracellular bacterial pathogens.

IMPORTANCE

Mitochondria represent attractive targets for pathogenic bacteria seeking to modulate host cellular processes to promote their survival and replication. Our current study has uncovered mitochondrial carboxylase propionyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (PCCA) as a novel host cell protein that interacts with
L. monocytogenes
PlcB. The results demonstrate that PCCA plays a negative regulatory role in
L. monocytogenes
infection, as heightened PCCA levels are associated with reduced bacterial survival and persistence. However,
L. monocytogenes
may exploit the PlcB-PCCA interaction to maintain stable PCCA expression and establish a favorable intracellular milieu for bacterial infection. Our findings shed new light on the intricate interplay between bacterial pathogens and host cell mitochondria, while also highlighting the potential of mitochondrial metabolic enzymes as antimicrobial agents.
Performance of the Applied Biosystems HIV-1 Genotyping Kit with Integrase
Authors: Moore Hannah P. , Palumbo Philip J. , Notarte Kin Israel , Fogel Jessica M. , Cummings Vanessa , Gamble Theresa , Del Rio Carlos , Batey D. Scott , Mayer Kenneth H. , Farley Jason E. , Remien Robert H. , Beyrer Chris , Hudelson Sarah E. , Eshleman Susan H. ,   for the HPTN 078 study
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

HIV genotyping is used to assess HIV susceptibility to antiretroviral drugs. The Applied Biosystems HIV-1 Genotyping Kit with Integrase (AB kit, Thermo Fisher Scientific) detects resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) in HIV protease (PR), reverse transcriptase (RT), and integrase (IN). We compared results from the AB kit with results obtained previously with the ViroSeq HIV-1 Genotyping System. DNA amplicons from the AB kit were also analyzed using next-generation sequencing (NGS). HIV RNA was extracted using the MagNA Pure 24 instrument (Roche Diagnostics; 96 plasma samples, HIV subtype B, viral load range: 530–737,741 copies/mL). FASTA files were generated from AB kit data using Exatype (Hyrax Biosciences). DNA amplicons from the AB kit were also analyzed by NGS using the Nextera XT kit (Illumina). Drug resistance was predicted using the Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database. The mean genetic distance for sequences from ViroSeq and the AB kit was 0.02% for PR/RT and 0.04% for IN; 103 major RAMs were detected by both methods. Four additional major RAMs were detected by the AB kit only. These four major RAMs were also detected by NGS (detected in 18.1%–38.2% of NGS reads). NGS detected 27 major RAMs that were not detected with either of the Sanger sequencing-based kits. All major RAMs detected with ViroSeq were detected with the AB kit; additional RAMs were detected with the AB kit only. DNA amplicons from the AB kit can be used for NGS for more sensitive detection of RAMs.