bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of bladder dysfunction, urodynamic findings, and their correlation with outcome in Guillain‐Barre syndrome
Authors: Naphade Pravin Umakant , Verma Rajesh , Garg Ravindra Kumar , Singh Maneesh , Malhotra Hardeep Singh , Shankwar Satya Narayan 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAimsThe micturitional disturbances and related urodynamic studies are infrequently reported in Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS). In the present study, we evaluated patients of GBS for bladder dysfunction and urodynamic abnormalities. We also tried to assess relation between urodynamic findings with disability in patients diagnosed as GBS.MethodsIn this study, 38 patients of GBS were assessed for micturitional disturbances and disability using Hughes motor grade, Overall Disability Sum Score (ODSS), Medical Research Council (MRC) sum score. Urodynamic studies were carried out at baseline and at 2 months.ResultsOut of 38 patients, 10 patients had urinary symptoms, 23 patients had urodynamic abnormalities and most common being detrusor underactivity in 15 patients. Other findings were detrusor sphincter dyssynergia in six patients, acontractile bladder in five patients, and detrusor overactivity in three patients. Decreased uroflow rates were seen in 14 patients. Severe disability in the form of Hughes motor grades 4–5, ODSS leg scores 4–7, low MRC scores were significantly more common in patients with urodynamic abnormalities. The axonal variant of GBS patients demonstrated more frequent abnormal urodynamic findings.ConclusionsOur study revealed fair incidence of micturitional disturbances and urodynamic dysfuctions in GBS. The subclinical bladder involvement was frequently observed, substantiated by urodynamic assessment. The disability, particularly of lower limbs had positive correlation with urodynamic abnormality. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:1135–1140, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clustering biomolecular complexes by residue contacts similarity
Authors: Rodrigues João P. G. L. M. , Trellet Mikaël , Schmitz Christophe , Kastritis Panagiotis , Karaca Ezgi , Melquiond Adrien S. J. , Bonvin Alexandre M. J. J. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractInaccuracies in computational molecular modeling methods are often counterweighed by brute‐force generation of a plethora of putative solutions. These are then typically sieved via structural clustering based on similarity measures such as the root mean square deviation (RMSD) of atomic positions. Albeit widely used, these measures suffer from several theoretical and technical limitations (e.g., choice of regions for fitting) that impair their application in multicomponent systems (N > 2), large‐scale studies (e.g., interactomes), and other time‐critical scenarios. We present here a simple similarity measure for structural clustering based on atomic contacts—the fraction of common contacts—and compare it with the most used similarity measure of the protein docking community—interface backbone RMSD. We show that this method produces very compact clusters in remarkably short time when applied to a collection of binary and multicomponent protein–protein and protein–DNA complexes. Furthermore, it allows easy clustering of similar conformations of multicomponent symmetrical assemblies in which chain permutations can occur. Simple contact‐based metrics should be applicable to other structural biology clustering problems, in particular for time‐critical or large‐scale endeavors.Proteins 2012; © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ single crystals using alumina crucibles with different purities
Authors: Ishida Hiroki , Kato Takahiro , Takasaki Masashi , Hamasaki Katsuyoshi 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA self‐flux method is the simplest technique for synthesizing Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (Bi‐2212) superconducting single crystals. However, the crystals are inevitably contaminated because of the Bi‐2212 stoichiometric melt reacting with the crucible material. In this paper, we investigate the nonsuperconducting subproduct that forms during heating in the self‐flux method for synthesizing Bi‐2212. This subproduct was identified as BiSr2CaAl3O9 by X‐ray diffraction. Bi‐2212 crystal growth was performed using A12O3 crucibles with three different purities (nominally 97, 99.7, and 99.9%). For both the 97 and 99.7% purity crucibles, the subproduct was observed in all five samples out of five, whereas for the 99.9% purity crucible, it was observed in only two samples out of five. Furthermore, the 99.9% purity crucible gave a much lower subproduct volume than the 97% purity crucible. The average superconducting critical temperature (Tc,zero) varied depending on the crucible purity; it was 89.6, 90.8, and 91.8 K for the 97, 99.7, and 99.9% purity crucibles, respectively. Finally, we fabricated Bi‐2212 stacked devices with intrinsic Josephson junctions (Bi‐2212 stack) using as‐grown crystals from the 97 and 99.9% purity crucibles. The Bi‐2212 stacks exhibited a highly hysteretic current–voltage characteristic even at liquid N2 temperature and they had identical quality parameters for Josephson junctions (i.e., Ir/Ic and voltage jump Vj). We conclude that the subproduct formation has little effect on the electrical characteristics of a Josephson junction device at 77 K. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Diversifying risk in portfolios using a variable‐size genetic relation algorithm
Authors: Parque Victor , Mabu Shingo , Hirasawa Kotaro 
Published: April 2012

AbstractOne important concept in financial risk management is the diversification process of capital allocation. This paper proposes an evolutionary approach for the optimal diversification when making asset allocation using variable‐size genetic relation algorithm (vs‐GRA), whose main role is to model and evolve structures toward effective and diversified portfolios through its graph structure. Simulations using heterogeneous and globally located asset classes in the United States, Europe, and Asia show that the proposed scheme offers competitive economic advantages. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Effects of Preoperative Oral Carbohydrate Supplementation on Postoperative Metabolic Stress Response of Patients Undergoing Elective Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Viganò Jacopo , Cereda Emanuele , Caccialanza Riccardo , Carini Roberta , Cameletti Barbara , Spampinato Marcello , Dionigi Paolo 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe goal of the present study was to evaluate the effects of preoperative oral carbohydrate supplementation (OCH) on the postoperative metabolic stress response of patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery.MethodsThe study was designed as a controlled, prospective, cohort study including 38 patients treated with OCH (800 mL the day before surgery and 400 mL within 3 h before the induction of anesthesia) and 38 controls matched for surgical procedure. Fasting glucose, insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR index), cortisol, and interleukin 6 (IL‐6) were assessed before and after surgery (postoperative day (POD) 1, 2, and 3).ResultsThe administration of OCH resulted in lower fasting glucose, HOMA‐IR index, cortisol, and IL‐6 on both POD 1 and POD 2. At multivariable regression analyses, the reduction of these parameters was independent of sex, age, body mass index, and major abdominal surgery. Particularly, models including OCH treatment explained 70, 63, and 66 % of the variance of the increase in IL‐6 levels at POD 1, POD 2, and POD 3, respectively. The effect of OCH on changes in glucose, insulin resistance, and cortisol on POD 1 and POD 2 disappeared after the inclusion of IL‐6 in the models.ConclusionsTreatment with OCH was associated with attenuation of the postoperative metabolic stress response. We hypothesize that modulation of the inflammatory response is one of the mechanisms involved.
Walking the walk: The moderating role of proactive parenting on adolescents' value‐congruent behaviors
Authors: Padilla‐Walker Laura M. , Fraser Ashley M. , Harper James M. 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTThe current study longitudinally examined adolescents' internalization of values in four domains (drug use, prosocial, school, friends), and how these values were differentially related to behaviors (delinquency, prosocial behavior, school engagement, and deviant peer association) as a function of proactive parenting. Participants included 335 adolescents (M age of child at Time 2 = 12.28, SD = .99, 51% female) and their parents. Analyses examined associations between adolescents' values at Time 3 and corresponding behaviors at Time 4, and the moderating role of proactive parenting (assessed at Time 2 using cluster analysis). Results suggested that adolescents with the most consistent value‐congruent behavior had parents who used deference or reasoned deference as an approach to proactive parenting, highlighting the importance of autonomy supportive parenting in the encouragement of self‐generated values and corresponding behaviors. Discussion focused on value‐congruent behaviors and associations between values and behaviors across domains.
Clinical, surgical, and histopathologic outcomes following failed medical abortion
Authors: Fuchs Weizman Noga , Maymon Ron , Ben‐Ami Ido , Mendlovic Sonia , Schneider David , Pansky Moty , Halperin Reuvit 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo address the consequences of surgical curettage following failed medical abortion.MethodsA retrospective case–control study was performed in a tertiary gynecologic department. The case group comprised 104 women who underwent surgical curettage following failed medical abortion; the control group included 104 women who underwent early surgically induced abortion. Clinical characteristics and surgical findings were examined. The extent of inflammation was quantified following immunohistochemical staining for cell‐surface markers characteristic of T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and macrophages. The extent of necrosis was evaluated morphologically.ResultsAbnormal findings during surgical curettage were significantly more prevalent among women in the case group than in the control group (10.6% versus 1.9%; P = 0.019). The most frequent abnormality in the case group was the presence of intimately adherent products of conception, necessitating sharp curettage. The extent of inflammation (represented by increased numbers of T and B lymphocytes) was greater in the case group than in the control group (P = 0.046 and P = 0.001, respectively), as was the extent of necrosis (P < 0.05).ConclusionCurettage following failed medical abortion harbors particular difficulties, which may be attributed to an inflammatory response. The long‐term consequences of curettage following failed medical abortion warrant further investigation.
Molecular markers associated with nonepithelial ovarian cancer in formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded specimens by genome wide expression profiling
Authors: Vui‐Kee Koon , Mohd Dali Ahmad Zailani Hatta , Mohamed Rose Isa , Ghazali Razmin , Jamal Rahman , Mokhtar Norfilza Mohd 
Published: April 2012

AbstractNonepithelial ovarian cancer (NEOC) is a rare cancer that is often misdiagnosed as other malignant tumors. Research on this cancer using fresh tissues is nearly impossible because of its limited number of samples within a limited time provided. The study is to identify potential genes and their molecular pathways related to NEOC using formalin‐fixed paraffin embedded samples. Total RNA was extracted from eight archived NEOCs and seven normal ovaries. The RNA samples with RNA integrity number >2.0, purity >1.7 and cycle count value <28 cycles were hybridized to the Illumina Whole‐Genome DASL assay (cDNA‐mediated annealing, selection, extension, and ligation). We analyzed the results using the GeneSpring GX11.0 and FlexArray software to determine the differentially expressed genes. Microarray results were validated using an immunohistochemistry method. Statistical analysis identified 804 differentially expressed genes with 443 and 361 genes as overexpressed and underexpressed in cancer, respectively. Consistent findings were documented for the overexpression of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1, E2F transcription factor 2, and fibroblast growth factor receptor 3, except for the down‐regulated gene, early growth response 1 (EGR1). The immunopositivity staining for EGR1 was found in the majority of cancer tissues. This finding suggested that the mRNA level of a transcript did not always match with the protein expression in tissues. The current gene profile can be the platform for further exploration of the molecular mechanism of NEOC.
Breast carcinoma metastasized to vestibular schwannoma: A rare case of tumor‐to‐tumor metastasis and literature review
Authors: Lua Boon‐Kee , Lieu Ann‐Shung , Hwang Shiuh‐Lin 
Published: April 2012

AbstractTumor‐to‐tumor metastasis is a well‐recognized phenomenon. However, cerebellopontine angle tumor, especially vestibular schwannoma, is a rare location of metastasis, with only six cases being reported previously in English‐language literature reviews. We report a case of a 57‐year‐old woman with underlying breast cancer (T2N3M1, stage IV) who presented with unilateral facial tics, paresthesia and hearing loss, who turned out to have vestibular schwannoma with adenocarcinoma metastasis.
Multiagent simulation of evolutive plate tectonics applied to the thermal evolution of the Earth
Authors: Combes M. , Grigné C. , Husson L. , Conrad C. P. , Le Yaouanq S. , Parenthoën M. , Tisseau C. , Tisseau J. 
Published: April 2012

The feedback between plate tectonics and mantle convection controls the Earth's thermal evolution via the seafloor age distribution. We therefore designed the MACMA model to simulate time‐dependent plate tectonics in a 2D cylindrical geometry with evolutive plate boundaries, based on multiagent systems that express thermal and mechanical interactions. We compute plate velocities using a local force balance and use explicit parameterizations to treat tectonic processes such as trench migration, subduction initiation, continental breakup and plate suturing. These implementations allow the model to update its geometry and thermal state at all times. Our approach has two goals: (1) to test how empirically‐ and analytically‐determined rules for surface processes affect mantle and plate dynamics, and (2) to investigate how plate tectonics impact the thermal regime. Our predictions for driving forces, plate velocities and heat flux are in agreement with independent observations. Two time scales arise for the evolution of the heat flux: a linear long‐term decrease and high‐amplitude short‐term fluctuations due to surface tectonics. We also obtain a plausible thermal history, with mantle temperature decreasing by less than 200 K over the last 3 Gyr. In addition, we show that on the long term, mantle viscosity is less thermally influential than tectonic processes such as continental breakup or subduction initiation, because Earth's cooling rate depends mainly on its ability to replace old insulating seafloor by young thin oceanic lithosphere. We infer that simple convective considerations alone cannot account for the nature of mantle heat loss and that tectonic processes dictate the thermal evolution of the Earth.
Kilometer‐scale refolded folds caused by strike‐slip reversal and intraplate shortening in the Beishan region, China
Authors: Zhang Jin , Cunningham Dickson 
Published: April 2012

Spectacular refolded folds clearly visible from space deform Permian turbidite successions in a 180 km2 fault‐bounded compartment within the Beishan region of northwestern China. The folds formed after final terrane amalgamation of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt and record an important sequence of intraplate deformation events in central Asia during the Late Permian‐Jurassic. The fold interference patterns are dominantly Type 2 refolds with kilometer‐scale wavelengths. They are bounded to the north and south by regional E‐W faults with multiple displacement histories as revealed by crosscutting ductile and brittle fabrics and kinematic indicators indicating opposing senses of motion. The proximity of the refolded folds to the main bounding faults strongly suggests that the fold interference structures were caused by strike‐slip fault reactivation and shear related bending of F1 folds combined with components of N‐S compression across the compartment. Faulting within the folded compartment is limited to an array of right‐lateral strike‐slip faults which appear to have helped accommodate room problems during the refolding event. The driving force for the deformation was likely to be distant—including regional block collision to the south, large‐scale rotations between the Siberian and North China Cratons and plate boundary convergence along the eastern Chinese margin. Our study demonstrates that continental interior regions characterized by terrane collages are susceptible to reactivation by distant plate margin effects and that polyphase reactivation of major strike‐slip and oblique‐slip faults can generate refolding within upper crustal basinal compartments. In addition, the fault‐bounded basin containing the refolded folds in the Beishan region is surrounded by older more complexly deformed crystalline basement. Therefore, the deformed basin sequence represents a unique compartmental archive of the Permian‐Triassic history of intraplate deformation north of Tibet.
Late Miocene upward and outward growth of eastern Tibet and decreasing monsoon rainfall over the northwestern Indian subcontinent since ∼10 Ma
Authors: Molnar Peter , Rajagopalan Balaji 
Published: April 2012

Many geologic observations suggest that the eastern portion of the Tibetan Plateau has expanded eastward and grown in height over the past 15‐10 Ma, and other observations suggest that climate over the northwestern Indian subcontinent (“NW India”) became more arid between ∼11 and 7 Ma. We suggest that they are linked: higher terrain increased orographic precipitation over eastern Tibet, which diabatically heated the atmosphere there; that heating then forced subsidence to the west via the mechanism proposed by Rodwell and Hoskins; and subsidence suppressed rainfall. Simple Gill‐model calculations for a heat source displaced from the equator show such subsidence, and a regression of July‐August outgoing long‐wave radiation (OLR) over southeastern Tibet with rainfall shows a negative relationship between eastern Tibet and NW India, consistent with the proposed link between growth of eastern Tibet and diminished South Asian monsoon rainfall over the northwestern Indian subcontinent.
Blitzkrieg
Authors: Briggs Asa 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
This chapter describes the role of broadcasting in Germany's blitzkrieg attack in Europe. Though there were regular radio messages that broadcast the move of German forces, they were not able to accurately predict the true target of the Germans. This is because Holland, Belgium, Sweden, and the Balkans were all equally possible objectives of Germany. In addition, attention to German plans on the Western Front was diverted by both the German and by the Italian radio.
Reconstruction
Authors: Briggs Asa 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
This chapter describes the changes in the British Broadcasting Corporation's (BBC) programming during the reconstruction period. In March 1945 BBC Director-General William Haley announced that the company would provide listeners in Great Britain with two full-scale alternative programmes and that the regional services which had been interrupted for security reasons would also return. This chapter also discusses the proposal for the BBC to maintain its sole rights within Britain to originate programmes for distribution by wire or wireless.
Early decompression of the spinal cord following injury: arguments for and against
Authors: Masri W. S. El , Meerkotter D. V. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe management of the traumatized spinal cord has remained controversial over the past half century. Arguments for and against each treatment modality exist. Each is equally likely to be adopted or disparaged until possibly all factors hindering spinal cord recovery are identified. Direct comparison between surgery and conservative management in a series of unselected patients would contribute to solving the controversy. The difficulties with the design of studies and the statistical evaluation of the results should not be underestimated. Problems of designing such comparative clinical studies are to be expected, since, even in the controlled animal studies, reproducibility is not always possible.
Spinal injury and spinal cord blood-flow: the effect of early treatment and local cooling
Authors: Hansebout Robert R. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe role of blood-flow in the acute spinal cord injury is controversial. Local cord cooling has been used to treat experimental spinal cord injury during the last fifteen years. It has shown beneficial effects in promoting the return of function after a severe injury. Spinal cord blood-flow can be measured internally, using hydrogen polarography. Using this technique in the nontraumatized spinal cord of dogs, local cooling was found to markedly decrease the internal spinal cord blood-flow. It is therefore conceivable that, following acute trauma, cooling reduces the passage of noxious substances from blood-vessels into the cord tissues, and thereby has beneficial effects.
Spasticity II: Physiological measurements
Authors: Sedgwick E. M. , Benfield J. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractDirect tests by the microneuronographic recording of muscle afferent fibres of spastic human subjects show that the gamma system is not overactive, and the muscle spindles do not have an increased sensitivity to stretch in spasticity. A substantial body of work has compared the human H reflex with the tendon (T) reflex in an attempt to separate the contributions of the monosynaptic reflex as against those of the gamma system. Both electrical stimulation of the tibial nerve and a tap of the tendo Achilles would produce a monosynaptic reflex contraction of the soleus. The electrical stimulus, however, would bypass the muscle spindle, and produce an H reflex of amplitude dependent only upon the excitability of the monosynaptic reflex. Comparison of the H and T reflexes indicates the activity in the gamma system. A tendon tap produces a wave of vibration spreading through the muscle, and muscles' spindles are excited asynchronously, producing an input volley to the spinal cord lasting as long as 20–30 msec.
Bladder management
Authors: Fellows G. J. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractRehabilitation — physical, occupational, and social — is the aim of management after spinal cord injury or disease. The management of the lower urinary tract is crucial, since poor treatment may lead to unacceptable morbidity or even to renal failure and premature death. There are four overlapping phases of bladder management, as expectations of improved length and quality of life for the paralysed have risen. The management of the individual patient can be considered in four stages: early management, from the moment of injury until definitive management is instituted or the patient is discharged from hospital; intermediate management, from discharge from hospital until definitive management if the latter is delayed for any reason; definitive management; and derological surveillance, which should be lifelong for all patients. Different methods of management may need to be introduced at any stage if complications arise.