bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the Relationship Between MRI Functional Imaging and Multiple Immunohistochemical Features of Glioma: A Noninvasive and More Precise Glioma Management
Authors: Li Jing , Sun Jingtao , Wang Ning , Zhang Yan 
Published: June 2024

Objective To investigate the performance of diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) and hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) parameters in predicting the immunohistochemistry (IHC) biomarkers of glioma. Methods Patients with glioma confirmed by pathology from March 2015 to September 2019 were analyzed, the preoperative DTI and 1H-MRS images were collected, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA), in the lesion area were measured, the relative values relative ADC (rADC) and relative FA (rFA) were obtained by the ratio of them in the lesion area to the contralateral normal area. The peak of each metabolite in the lesion area of 1H-MRS image: N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), and creatine (Cr), and metabolite ratio: NAA/Cho, NAA/(Cho + Cr) were selected and calculated. The preoperative IHC data were collected including CD34, Ki-67, p53, S-100, syn, vimentin, NeuN, Nestin, and glial fibrillary acidic protein. Results One predicting parameter of DTI was screened, the rADC of the Ki-67 positive group was lower than that of the negative group. Two parameters of 1H-MRS were found to have significant reference values for glioma grades, the NAA and Cr decreased as the grade of glioma increased, moreover, Ki-67 Li was negatively correlated with NAA and Cr. Conclusion NAA and Cr have potential application value in predicting glioma grades and tumor proliferation activity. Only rADC has predictive value for Ki-67 expression among DTI parameters.
A study on the diagnostic and predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for early perforation in acute appendicitis
Authors: Chen Qi , Bao Jifeng , Chen Fei , Ding Jun , Zhu Tao , Chen Lina 
Published: June 2024

Objective To investigate the predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for early perforation of the appendix in patients with acute appendicitis (AA). Methods Two hundred and 80eighty patients with the first episode of AA within 48 hours and not yet treated with antibiotics were included in this study retrospectively; divided into two groups by the presence or absence of perforation. The clinical data, traditional inflammatory indexes, and NLR were compared between the two groups. The predictive value of inflammatory indexes on the early appendiceal perforation was explored. Results Patients in the perforated group were older, with higher blood WBC, NEU% and NLR, lower LYM% and PLT, higher serum CRP and PCT, and longer hospitalization time. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that high WBC, NEU%, NLR, CRP, PCT, and low LYM% were independent risk factors for early appendiceal perforation. The ROC curves revealed that the predictive value of WBC, CRP, and PCT for early appendiceal perforation was low. NLR, LYM%, and NEU% had a higher predictive value, with AUC values of 0.947, 0.928, and 0.920, respectively. NLR had the highest predictive value. The diagnostic Cut-off value of NLR is 10.83 with a sensitivity of 0.963, and a specificity of 0.850. Conclusion NLR can be used as an effective and sensitive predictive maker of early appendiceal perforation in AA patients. It is easy to generate from existing routine clinical laboratory testing for AA and can be included in complete blood count (CBC) as a routine or add-on value.
Changes in the levels of serum glial fibrillary acidic protein and the correlation with outcomes in severe traumatic brain injury patients
Authors: Trung Nguyen Kien , Dinh Le Tuan , Dang Le Manh , Viet Tran Tien , Van Pham Cong , Van Dang Ba , Tien Nguyen Son , Chi Nguyen Tam , Quang Nguyen Huy , The Vu Anh , Luong Cong Thuc , Duong Huy Hoang , Anh Vu Hai 
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Glial fibrillary acidic protein serves as a biomarker indicative of astroglial injury, particularly following instances of severe traumatic brain injury. This study aims to evaluate variations in serum glial fibrillary acidic protein levels within the first 3 days and their correlation with outcomes in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Subjects and methods: Thirty-nine patients with severe traumatic brain injury were enrolled in the study. Their blood samples were collected at six distinct time points: T0 (upon admission), T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 (6-, 12-, 24-, 48-, and 72-h post-admission, respectively). The blood samples were run for the quantification of serum glial fibrillary acidic protein levels and other biochemical tests. All patients were closely watched and the outcomes at discharge were evaluated. Results: Glial fibrillary acidic protein levels tend to increase gradually from the time of admission to 48 h post-admission and then decrease at 72 h post-admission. Glial fibrillary acidic protein T2 is correlated with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, lactate, Simplified Acute Physiology Score II score and outcome. Glial fibrillary acidic protein max correlated with lactate, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, Simplified Acute Physiology Score II score, and outcome. Glasgow Coma Score at admission and glial fibrillary acidic protein T2 (OR = 1.034; p = 0.025), T3 (OR = 1.029; p = 0.046), T4 (OR = 1.006; p = 0.032), T5 (OR = 1.012; p = 0.048) and glial fibrillary acidic protein max (OR = 1.005; p = 0.010) were independent factors that have significant prognostic value in mortality in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. The predictive model in predicting mortality had the highest area under the curve based on glial fibrillary acidic protein T2 and Glasgow Coma Score T0 with an area under the curve of 0.904 and p < 0.001. In the multivariable regression model, glial fibrillary acidic protein max was associated with Glasgow score ( p < 0.001; VIF = 1.585), lactate T0 ( p = 0.024; VIF = 1.163), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score ( p = 0.037; VIF = 1.360), and Rotterdam score ( p = 0.044; VIF = 1.713). Conclusion: Glial fibrillary acidic protein levels tend to increase gradually from the time of admission to 48 h post-admission then decreases at 72 h post-admission. Glial fibrillary acidic protein T2, T3, T4, T5, and glial fibrillary acidic protein max were independent factors with significant prognostic mortality values in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.
Association Between Preoperative Patient Resilience and Patient-Reported Outcomes After Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Paul Ryan W. , Streicher Sydney , Wallingford Matthew , Campbell Michael P. , Hanna Adeeb J. , Bryan Sean , Tjoumakaris Fotios P. , Freedman Kevin B. 
Published: June 2024

Background: Mental and emotional health can affect outcomes after orthopaedic surgery, and patient resilience has been found to be significantly related to postoperative functional outcomes. Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between preoperative patient resilience and 2-year postoperative patient-reported outcomes after rotator cuff repair (RCR). It was hypothesized that patients with low preoperative resilience will have worse patient-reported outcomes at 2 years after RCR versus those with high resilience. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients who underwent primary arthroscopic RCR in 2020 at a single institution and completed the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) preoperatively were identified. Other inclusion criteria were American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) scores at the 2-year follow-up. Outcomes were compared in patients as divided into low resilience (BRS score >1 SD below the mean), normal resilience (BRS score ≤1 SD of the mean), and high resilience (BRS score >1 SD above the mean) groups. Results: Overall, 100 patients (52 male, 48 female; mean age, 60 ± 9 years) were included in this study. Mean BRS scores did not change significantly from preoperative to 2-year follow-up (3.8 ± 0.7 vs 3.9 ± 0.8, P = .404). All patients had preoperative ASES scores. Low-resilience patients (n = 17) had significantly lower preoperative ASES scores compared with normal (n = 64) and high resilience (n = 19) patients (35 vs 42 vs 54, respectively; P = .022). There were no significant group differences in postoperative outcomes (revision rate, ASES score, ASES score improvement from preoperative to 2-year follow-up, or SANE score). Multivariate analysis indicated that preoperative resilience was not significantly associated with ASES score improvement (β estimate = –5.64, P = .150), while resilience at 2-year follow-up was significantly related to ASES score improvement (β estimate = 6.41, P = .031). Conclusion: Patient-reported outcomes at 2-year follow-up did not differ based on preoperative patient resilience for arthroscopic RCR patients. Multivariate analysis also showed that preoperative resilience was not associated with improvement in ASES scores; however, resilience at 2-year follow-up was associated with ASES score improvement.
Cumulative incidence estimates for solid tumors after HCT in the CIBMTR and California Cancer Registry
Authors: Schonfeld Sara J. , Valcarcel Bryan , Meyer Christa L. , Shaw Bronwen E. , Phelan Rachel , Rizzo J. Douglas , Brunson Ann , Cooley Julianne J. P. , Abrahão Renata , Wun Ted , Gadalla Shahinaz M. , Engels Eric , Albert Paul S. , Yusuf Rafeek , Spellman Stephen R. , Curtis Rochelle E. , Auletta Jeffery J. , Muffly Lori , Keegan Theresa H. M. , Morton Lindsay M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Compared with the general population, hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) survivors are at elevated risk for developing solid subsequent neoplasms (SNs). The Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR) is a key resource for quantifying solid SN incidence following HCT, but the completeness of SN ascertainment is uncertain. Within a cohort of 18 450 CIBMTR patients linked to the California Cancer Registry (CCR), we evaluated the completeness of solid SN data reported to the CIBMTR from 1991 to 2018 to understand the implications of using CIBMTR data alone or combined with CCR data to quantify the burden of solid SNs after HCT. We estimated the cumulative incidence of developing a solid SN, accounting for the competing risk of death. Within the cohort, solid SNs were reported among 724 patients; 15.6% of these patients had an SN reported by CIBMTR only, 36.9% by CCR only, and 47.5% by both. The corresponding cumulative incidence of developing a solid SN at 10 years following a first HCT was 4.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.5-4.4) according to CIBMTR data only, 5.3% (95% CI, 4.9-5.9) according to CCR data only, and 6.3% (95% CI, 5.7-6.8) according to both sources combined. The patterns were similar for allogeneic and autologous HCT recipients. Linking detailed HCT information from CIBMTR with comprehensive SN data from cancer registries provides an opportunity to optimize SN ascertainment for informing follow-up care practices and evaluating risk factors in the growing population of HCT survivors.
APOE2 protects against Aβ pathology by improving neuronal mitochondrial function through ERRα signaling
Authors: Ning Zhiyuan , Liu Ying , Wan Mengyao , Zuo You , Chen Siqi , Shi Zhongshan , Xu Yongteng , Li Honghong , Ko Ho , Zhang Jing , Xiao Songhua , Guo Daji , Tang Yamei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes (APOE2, APOE3, and APOE4) show different AD susceptibility. Previous studies indicated that individuals carrying the APOE2 allele reduce the risk of developing AD, which may be attributed to the potential neuroprotective role of APOE2. However, the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of APOE2 is still unclear.

Methods
We analyzed single-nucleus RNA sequencing and bulk RNA sequencing data of APOE2 and APOE3 carriers from the Religious Orders Study and Memory and Aging Project (ROSMAP) cohort. We validated the findings in SH-SY5Y cells and AD model mice by evaluating mitochondrial functions and cognitive behaviors respectively.

Results
The pathway analysis of six major cell types revealed a strong association between APOE2 and cellular stress and energy metabolism, particularly in excitatory and inhibitory neurons, which was found to be more pronounced in the presence of beta-amyloid (Aβ). Moreover, APOE2 overexpression alleviates Aβ1-42-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and reduces the generation of reactive oxygen species in SH-SY5Y cells. These protective effects may be due to ApoE2 interacting with estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα). ERRα overexpression by plasmids or activation by agonist was also found to show similar mitochondrial protective effects in Aβ1-42-stimulated SH-SY5Y cells. Additionally, ERRα agonist treatment improve the cognitive performance of Aβ injected mice in both Y maze and novel object recognition tests. ERRα agonist treatment increased PSD95 expression in the cortex of agonist-treated-AD mice.

Conclusions
APOE2 appears to enhance neural mitochondrial function via the activation of ERRα signaling, which may be the protective effect of APOE2 to treat AD.
Identification of hypothermia-inducing neurons in the preoptic area and activation of them by isoflurane anesthesia and central injection of adenosine
Authors: Uchino Erika , Kusumoto-Yoshida Ikue , Kashiwadani Hideki , Kanmura Yuichi , Matsunaga Akira , Kuwaki Tomoyuki 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHibernation and torpor are not passive responses caused by external temperature drops and fasting but are active brain functions that lower body temperature. A population of neurons in the preoptic area was recently identified as such active torpor-regulating neurons. We hypothesized that the other hypothermia-inducing maneuvers would also activate these neurons. To test our hypothesis, we first refined the previous observations, examined the brain regions explicitly activated during the falling phase of body temperature using c-Fos expression, and confirmed the preoptic area. Next, we observed long-lasting hypothermia by reactivating torpor-tagged Gq-expressing neurons using the activity tagging and DREADD systems. Finally, we found that about 40–60% of torpor-tagged neurons were activated by succeeding isoflurane anesthesia and by icv administration of an adenosine A1 agonist. Isoflurane-induced and central adenosine-induced hypothermia is, at least in part, an active process mediated by the torpor-regulating neurons in the preoptic area.
Graphical abstract
An improved genome assembly of Chrysanthemum nankingense reveals expansion and functional diversification of terpene synthase gene family
Authors: Jiang Liping , Chen Shi , Wang Xu , Sen Lin , Dong Gangqiang , Song Chi , Liu Yifei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Terpenes are important components of plant aromas, and terpene synthases (TPSs) are the key enzymes driving terpene diversification. In this study, we characterized the volatile terpenes in five different Chrysanthemum nankingense tissues. In addition, genome-wide identification and expression analysis of TPS genes was conducted utilizing an improved chromosome-scale genome assembly and tissue-specific transcriptomes. The biochemical functions of three representative TPSs were also investigated.

Results
We identified tissue-specific volatile organic compound (VOC) and volatile terpene profiles. The improved Chrysanthemum nankingense genome assembly was high-quality, including a larger assembled size (3.26 Gb) and a better contig N50 length (3.18 Mb) compared to the old version. A total of 140 CnTPS genes were identified, with the majority representing the TPS-a and TPS-b subfamilies. The chromosomal distribution of these TPS genes was uneven, and 26 genes were included in biosynthetic gene clusters. Closely-related Chrysanthemum taxa were also found to contain diverse TPS genes, and the expression profiles of most CnTPSs were tissue-specific. The three investigated CnTPS enzymes exhibited versatile activities, suggesting multifunctionality.

Conclusions
We systematically characterized the structure and diversity of TPS genes across the Chrysanthemum nankingense genome, as well as the potential biochemical functions of representative genes. Our results provide a basis for future studies of terpene biosynthesis in chrysanthemums, as well as for the breeding of improved chrysanthemum varieties.
Incorporation of compost and biochar enhances yield and medicinal compounds in seeds of water-stressed Trigonella foenum-graecum L. plants cultivated in saline calcareous soils
Authors: Shaaban Ahmed , Hemida Khaulood A. , Abd El-Mageed Taia A. , Semida Wael M. , AbuQamar Synan F. , El-Saadony Mohamed T. , Al-Elwany Omar A.A.I. , El-Tarabily Khaled A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The combination of compost and biochar (CB) plays an important role in soil restoration and mitigation strategies against drought stress in plants. In the current study, the impact of CB was determined on the characteristics of saline calcareous soil and the productivity of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) plants. The field trials examined CB rates (CB0, CB10 and CB20 corresponding to 0, 10, and 20 t ha‒1, respectively) under deficit irrigation [DI0%, DI20%, and DI40% receiving 100, 80, and 60% crop evapotranspiration (ETc), respectively] conditions on growth, seed yield (SY), quality, and water productivity (WP) of fenugreek grown in saline calcareous soils.

Results
In general, DI negatively affected the morpho-physio-biochemical responses in plants cultivated in saline calcareous soils. However, amendments of CB10 or CB20 improved soil structure under DI conditions. This was evidenced by the decreased pH, electrical conductivity of soil extract (ECe), and bulk density but increased organic matter, macronutrient (N, P, and K) availability, water retention, and total porosity; thus, maintaining better water and nutritional status. These soil modifications improved chlorophyll, tissue water contents, cell membrane stability, photosystem II photochemical efficiency, photosynthetic performance, and nutritional homeostasis of drought-stressed plants. This was also supported by increased osmolytes, non-enzymatic, and enzymatic activities under DI conditions. Regardless of DI regimes, SY was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) improved by 40.0 and 102.5% when plants were treated with CB10 and CB20, respectively, as similarly observed for seed alkaloids (87.0, and 39.1%), trigonelline content (43.8, and 16.7%) and WP (40.9, and 104.5%) over unamended control plants.

Conclusions
Overall, the application of organic amendments of CB can be a promising sustainable solution for improving saline calcareous soil properties, mitigating the negative effects of DI stress, and enhancing crop productivity in arid and semi-arid agro-climates.
Molecular transmission network analysis of newly diagnosed HIV-1 infections in Nanjing from 2019 to 2021
Authors: Shi Hongjie , Li Xin , Wang Sainan , Dong Xiaoxiao , Qiao Mengkai , Wu Sushu , Wu Rong , Yuan Xin , Wang Jingwen , Xu Yuanyuan , Zhu Zhengping 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objective
The objective of this study was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the molecular transmission networks and transmitted drug resistance (TDR) patterns among individuals newly diagnosed with HIV-1 in Nanjing.

Methods
Plasma samples were collected from newly diagnosed HIV patients in Nanjing between 2019 and 2021. The HIV pol gene was amplified, and the resulting sequences were utilized for determining TDR, identifying viral subtypes, and constructing molecular transmission network. Logistic regression analyses were employed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics associated with molecular transmission clusters.

Results
A total of 1161 HIV pol sequences were successfully extracted from newly diagnosed individuals, each accompanied by reliable epidemiologic information. The analysis revealed the presence of multiple HIV-1 subtypes, with CRF 07_BC (40.57%) and CRF01_AE (38.42%) being the most prevalent. Additionally, six other subtypes and unique recombinant forms (URFs) were identified. The prevalence of TDR among the newly diagnosed cases was 7.84% during the study period. Employing a genetic distance threshold of 1.50%, the construction of the molecular transmission network resulted in the identification of 137 clusters, encompassing 613 nodes, which accounted for approximately 52.80% of the cases. Multivariate analysis indicated that individuals within these clusters were more likely to be aged ≥ 60, unemployed, baseline CD4 cell count ≥ 200 cells/mm3, and infected with the CRF119_0107 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the analysis of larger clusters revealed that individuals aged ≥ 60, peasants, those without TDR, and individuals infected with the CRF119_0107 were more likely to be part of these clusters.

Conclusions
This study revealed the high risk of local HIV transmission and high TDR prevalence in Nanjing, especially the rapid spread of CRF119_0107. It is crucial to implement targeted interventions for the molecular transmission clusters identified in this study to effectively control the HIV epidemic.
Individual and community level factors associated with sexually transmitted infections among men in Tanzania: insights from the Tanzania demographic and health survey of 2022
Authors: Mankelkl Gosa , Abdu Seid Mohammed , Asefa Ebrahim Msaye , Kassaw Altaseb Beyene , Abebe Gashawu , Belete Mekonnen , Tareke Amare Abera , Gedefie Alemu , Kinfe Beletu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Sexually transmitted infections continue to be a significant public health issue on a global scale. Due to their effects on reproductive and child health as well as their role in facilitating the spread of HIV infection, sexually transmitted infections impose a heavy burden of morbidity and mortality in many developing countries. In addition, stigma, infertility, cancer, and an increased risk of HIV are the primary impacts of STIs on sexual and reproductive health. While numerous studies have been conducted in Tanzania to address this specific topic in various settings, the majority of them weren’t representative. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to use data from the most recent Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey in order to evaluate the individual and community-level factors associated with sexually transmitted infections among Tanzanian men at the national level.

Methods
The most recent datasets from the Tanzania demographic and health survey were used for secondary data analysis. A total of 5763 men participated in this study. The recent Tanzania demographic and health survey provides data for multilevel mixed effect analysis on the variables that contribute to sexually transmitted infections among men in Tanzania. Finally, the percentage and odd ratio were provided, together with their 95% confidence intervals.

Result
This study includes a total weighted sample of 5763 men from the Tanzania demographic and health survey. Of the total study participants, 7.5% of men had sexually transmitted infections in the last twelve months. Being married [AOR: 0.531, 95% CI (0.9014, 3.429)] was a factor that reduced the risk of sexually transmitted infections among men. On the other hand, being between the age range of 20 and 24 years [AOR: 6.310, 95% CI (3.514, 11.329)] and having more than one union [AOR: 1.861, 95% CI (1.406, 2.463)] were the factors that increased the risk of sexually transmitted infections among men.

Conclusions
Men’s sexually transmitted infections have been associated with individual-level factors. So, the Tanzanian governments and the concerned stakeholders should provide special attention for men whose age range is 20–24 years old. Promoting marriages and limiting the number of sexual partners should be the main strategies to lower the risk of sexually transmitted infections among men in Tanzania.