bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Field emission from two‐dimensional (2D) CdSSe flake flowers structure grown on gold coated silicon substrate: An efficient cold cathode
Authors: Nerkar Sachin D. , AR Shakeelur Raheman , Al Mesfer Mohammed K. , Ansari Khursheed B. , Khan Mohd Shariq , Deore Amol B. , Attarde R. R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractField emission finds a vital space in numerous scientific and technological applications, including high‐resolution imaging at micro‐ and nano‐scales, conducting high‐energy physics experiments, molecule ionization in spectroscopy, and electronic uses. A continuous effort exists to develop new materials for enhanced field emission applications. In the present work, two‐dimensional (2D) well‐aligned CdSSe flake flowers (CdSSe‐FFs) were successfully grown on gold‐coated silicon substrate utilizing a simple and affordable chemical bath deposition approach at ambient temperature. The time‐dependent growth mechanism from nanoparticles to FFs was observed at optimized parameters such as concentration of precursors, pH (~11), deposition time, and solution temperature. The crystalline nature of CdSSe‐FFs is confirmed by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) results, and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) observations reveal a hexagonal crystal structure. Additionally, the CdSSe‐FFs thickness was confirmed by TEM analysis and found to be ~20–30 nm. The optical, photoelectric, and field emission (FE) characteristics are thoroughly explored which shows significant enhancement due to the formation of heterojunction between the gold‐coated silicon substrate and CdSSe‐FFs. The UV–visible absorption spectra of CdSSe‐FFs show enhanced absorption at 700 nm, corresponding to the energy band gap (Eg) of 1.77 eV. The CdSSe‐FFs exhibited field emission and photosensitive field emission (PSFE) characteristics. In FE study CdSSe‐FFs shows an increase in current density of 387.2 μ A cm−2 in an applied field of 4.1 V m−1 which is 4.08 fold as compared to without light illumination (95.1 μ A cm−2). Furthermore, it shows excellent emission current stability at the preset value of 1.5 μA over 3 h with a deviation of the current density of less than 5% respectively.Research Highlights
Novel CdSSe flake flowers were grown on Au‐coated Si substrate by a cost‐effective chemical bath deposition route.
The growth mechanism of CdSSe flake flowers is studied in detail.
Field emission and Photoluminescence study of CdSSe flake flowers is characterized.
CdSSe flake flowers with nanoflakes sharp edges exhibited enhanced field emission properties.
A pilot randomized controlled study to determine the effectiveness of video educational tool in BRCA1/2 pre‐test counseling for Japanese breast cancer patients
Authors: Nakamura Haruna , Morinaga Shoko , Tsuchiya Kazuhiko , Sakoda Yoko , Ogino Mitsutoshi , Ueno Sayaka , Tanino Hirokazu , Kunihisa Tomonari 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBRCA1/2 genetic testing has become clinically important in breast cancer care, but increasing demand may put a burden on the shortage of healthcare professionals. We performed a single‐center, pilot randomized controlled study to assess the effectiveness of employing a video educational tool that included standard pre‐test genetic counseling elements related to BRCA1/2. Patients with operable breast cancer who met the criteria for genetic testing based on age, sex, subtype, and family history were recruited. Sixty consenting participants were randomized 1:1 and placed in groups that received either traditional face‐to‐face pre‐test counseling or video‐viewing and face‐to‐face decisional support. To assess decisional conflict in the participants, surveys based on the Decisional Conflict Scale (DCS) were administered two times, once immediately after intervention and again 2–4 weeks later. The time taken for counseling and confirmation of whether the participants had undergone testing were also recorded. The difference in the total DCS scores between the two groups was not significantly different for either of the survey periods, and there was no significant difference in the number of participants who underwent testing (23/30 [76.7%] vs. 26/30 [86.7%]; p = 0.51). However, the “effective decision” subscale score was significantly higher in the video group 2–4 weeks after counseling (31.01 ± 16.82 vs. 21.43 ± 16.09; p = 0.04 [mean ± SD]). The time taken for counseling was significantly shorter in the video group (8.00 ± 4.5 vs. 27.00 ± 7.61 min; p < 0.001 [median ± SD]). Our findings indicate the potential benefit of the video educational tool for providing BRCA1/2‐related information. These tools may also enable healthcare professionals to spend more time supporting psychological issues. Notably, after some time, patients may question whether their decision was appropriate. Therefore, it is necessary to identify those in conflict and provide them with proper support.
Host perspectives on international fieldwork placements for U.S.‐based genetic counseling students
Authors: Rao Smita K. , Moore Harrison , Danylchuk Noelle R. , Williamson Lori 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGenetic counseling students from the United States are often interested in international summer fieldwork placements, but little is known about the hosts' perspectives when considering such requests. We sent out surveys to 132 international genetics providers (genetics clinics and genetics programs), to identify advantages, barriers and expectations for U.S.‐based genetic counseling students seeking a fieldwork placement. Twenty‐seven (20.4% response rate) participants from 14 different countries shared their experiences and views. Providers placed higher emphasis on teaching and benefits to students (95.2%) rather than intrinsic benefits to their programs (90.4%). Lack of American Board of Genetic Counseling's (ABGC) reciprocal recognition (30%) and cost of training (25%), were rated as the strongest barriers to hosting U.S.‐based students. Surprisingly, ‘Language Barrier’ (20%), although mentioned in open‐ended comments, was not ranked highly as a barrier. When asked about expectations of students, active participation in student‐led counseling sessions under supervision was encouraged by a majority of participants (55.6%). Where most genetic counseling literature is U.S.‐centric, this study reports on insights gathered from international genetics providers. Our study encourages U.S.‐based programs to consider these findings when designing exchange programs and international fieldwork placements.
Iatrogenic hemorrhage and extensive venous thromboembolism during iTTP treatment with caplacizumab—A case report
Authors: Boberg Erik , Kimiaei Adrian , Karlström Cecilia , Ljungqvist Maria , Ågren Anna , Bruzelius Maria 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCaplacizumab reduces the need for therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) during treatment for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), associates with fewer required TPE, and shortens hospital stay. It is therefore recommended as part of standard care. However, the treatment effects on hemostasis may complicate initial management. We present a case of a woman with immune‐mediated TTP who developed an intrathoracic hemorrhage on caplacizumab treatment after replacement of her central venous catheter. Reduced von Willebrand factor (vWF):glycoprotein Ib mutant (GPIbM) activity was reversed using vWF concentrate and the bleeding stopped. Unfortunately, vWF substitution in combination with caplacizumab discontinuation likely contributed to subsequent extensive venous thromboembolism. Risk‐reducing strategies against both bleeding and thrombosis are crucial during caplacizumab treatment, and emergency vWF substitution increases the already high risk of thrombosis associated with TPE.
Impact of Functional Mitral Regurgitation on Left Ventricular Strain in Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy Patients with Type 2 Mellitus Diabetes: A Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking Study
Authors: Shen Meng‐Ting , Yang Zhi‐Gang , Guo Ying‐Kun , Shi Ke , Jiang Li , Wang Jin , Yan Wei‐Feng , Qian Wen‐Lei , Shen Li‐Ting , Li Yuan 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundThe impact of functional mitral regurgitation and type 2 mellitus diabetes (T2DM) on left ventricular (LV) strain in nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM) patients remains unclear.PurposeTo evaluate the impact of mitral regurgitation severity on LV strain, and explore additive effect of T2DM on LV function across varying mitral regurgitation severity levels in NIDCM patients.Study TypeRetrospective.Population352 NIDCM (T2DM−) patients (49.1 ± 14.6 years, 67% male) (207, 85, and 60 no/mild, moderate, and severe mitral regurgitation) and 96 NIDCM (T2DM+) patients (55.2 ± 12.4 years, 77% male) (47, 30, and 19 no/mild, moderate, and severe mitral regurgitation).Field Strength/Sequence3.0 T/balanced steady‐state free precession sequence.AssessmentLV geometric parameters and strain were measured and compared among groups. Determinants of LV strain were investigated.Statistical TestStudent's t‐test, Mann–Whitney U test, one‐way ANOVA, Kruskal‐Wallis test, univariable and multivariable linear regression. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsLV GLPS and longitudinal PDSR decreased gradually with increasing mitral regurgitation severity in NIDCM patients with T2DM(GLPS: −5.7% ± 2.1% vs. −4.3% ± 1.6% vs. −2.6% ± 1.3%; longitudinal PDSR:0.5 ± 0.2 sec−1 vs. 0.4 ± 0.2 sec−1 vs. 0.3 ± 0.1 sec−1). NIDCM (T2DM+) demonstrated decreased GCPS and GLPS in the no/mild subgroup, reduced LV GCPS, GLPS, and longitudinal PDSR in the moderate subgroup, and reduced GRPS, GCPS, GLPS, and longitudinal PDSR in the severe subgroup compared with NIDCM (T2DM−) patients. Multivariable regression analysis identified that mitral regurgitation severity (β = −0.13, 0.15, and 0.25 for GRPS, GCPS, and GLPS) and the presence of T2DM (β = 0.14 and 0.13 for GCPS and GLPS) were independent determinants of LV strains in NIDCM patients.Data ConclusionIncreased mitral regurgitation severity is associated with reduced LV strains in NIDCM patients with T2DM. The presence of T2DM exacerbated the decline of LV function across various mitral regurgitation levels in NIDCM patients, resulting in reduced LV strains.Level of Evidence3.Technical EfficacyStage 3.
Magnetic Resonance Elastography of Anterior Mediastinal Tumors
Authors: Zhou Lina , Peng Qin , Tang Wei , Wu Ning , Yang Lin , Qi Linlin , Li Jiang , Huang Yao 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundPreoperative differentiation of the types of mediastinal tumors is essential. Magnetic resonance (MR) elastography potentially provides a noninvasive method to assess the classification of mediastinal tumor subtypes.PurposeTo evaluate the use of MR elastography in anterior mediastinal masses and to characterize the mechanical properties of tumors of different subtypes.Study TypeProspective.Subjects189 patients with anterior mediastinal tumors (AMTs) confirmed by histopathology (62 thymomas, 53 thymic carcinomas, 57 lymphomas, and 17 germ cell tumors).Field Strength/SequenceA gradient echo‐based 2D MR elastography sequence and a diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) sequence at 3.0 T.AssessmentStiffness and apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) were measured in AMTs using MR elastography‐derived elastograms and DWI‐derived ADC maps, respectively. The aim of this study is to identify whether MR elastography can differentiate between the histological subtypes of ATMs.Statistical TestsOne‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA), two‐way ANOVA, Pearson's linear correlation coefficient (r), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis; P < 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsLymphomas had significantly lower stiffness than other AMTs (4.0 ± 0.63 kPa vs. 4.8 ± 1.39 kPa). The mean stiffness of thymic carcinomas was significantly higher than that of other AMTs (5.6 ± 1.41 kPa vs. 4.2 ± 0.94 kPa). Using a cutoff value of 5.0 kPa, ROC analysis showed that lymphomas could be differentiated from other AMTs with an accuracy of 59%, sensitivity of 97%, and specificity of 38%. Using a cutoff value of 5.1 kPa, thymic carcinomas could be differentiated from other AMTs with an accuracy of 84%, sensitivity of 67%, and specificity of 90%. However, there was an overlap in the stiffness values of individual thymomas (4.2 ± 0.71; 3.9–4.5), thymic carcinomas (5.6 ± 1.41; 5.0–6.1), lymphomas (4.0 ± 0.63; 3.8–4.2), and germ cell tumors (4.5 ± 1.79; 3.3–5.6).Data ConclusionMR elastography‐derived stiffness may be used to evaluate AMTs of various histologies.Level of Evidence4.Technical EfficacyStage 2.
Follow‐suit or free‐ride? A relational view of CSR diffusion in a supply chain with customer–supplier closure
Authors: Falcone Ellie C. , Yan Tingting , Fugate Brian S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEmbedded in networks of relationships, firms are who they buy from and sell to. As a result, a firm's corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices can be influenced by CSR practices of its customers and suppliers—known as CSR diffusion. This study examines how CSR diffuses in a supply chain that encompasses a focal firm, its suppliers, and customers. Adopting a relational view, this research hypothesizes that a firm's CSR is influenced by its customer‐base CSR differently than its supply‐base CSR. By analyzing panel data consisting of 1972 firm‐year observations integrated from multiple data sources, the results offer evidence for a positive impact of customer‐base CSR and a negative impact of supply‐base CSR on firm CSR. Interestingly, when customers and suppliers of a focal firm establish direct business connections (i.e., customer–supplier closure), the positive follow‐suit effect of customer‐base CSR is enhanced. In contrast, the negative free‐ride effect of supply‐base CSR is diminished. This suggests that a focal firm is more likely to embrace CSR practices from CSR‐active supply chain partners when embedded in closed triads. This research shows the need to consider the directionality and closure of relationships in understanding the diffusion of voluntary, ill‐defined, costly operational practices within a supply chain.
State of the Science: Treatment of comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder and substance use disorders
Authors: Back Sudie E. , Jarnecke Amber M. , Norman Sonya B. , Zaur Angela J. , Hien Denise A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorders (SUDs) co‐occur at high rates, with research showing that up to nearly 60% of individuals with PTSD also suffer from an alcohol and/or drug use disorder. PTSD/SUD is complex; associated with adverse health, social, and economic outcomes; and can be challenging to treat. Over the past decade, the landscape of treatment research addressing PTSD/SUD has significantly expanded. Ongoing efforts aimed at developing and evaluating novel treatments for PTSD/SUD, encompassing both psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy approaches, are steadily advancing. As such, this State of the Science paper reviews the literature on the latest scientific advances in treating PTSD/SUD. Clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of PTSD/SUD are discussed, along with evidence‐based psychotherapies and emerging interventions. Rigorously conducted clinical trials demonstrate that individual, manualized, trauma‐focused treatments are the most efficacious psychotherapies to use among individuals with PTSD/SUD. Moreover, patients do not need to be abstinent to initiate or benefit from evidence‐based PTSD treatment. To date, no medications have been established for this comorbidity. We highlight ongoing research on novel treatments for PTSD/SUD, such as new forms of integrated trauma‐focused psychotherapies, pharmacological augmentation strategies, and technology‐based enhancements. Finally, promising future directions for the field are discussed.
Corrosion of some metallic materials embedded in gypsum
Authors: Duffó Gustavo , Torres‐Ramirez Jhon , Fernandez Silvia , Farina Silvia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the construction area, as well as in the restoration of old and historical buildings, different metallic materials are frequently in contact with gypsum plaster. Due to the high porosity of gypsum plaster, and particularly in high relative humidity environments, the risk of corrosion exists. In the present work, carbon, galvanized and stainless steel, as well as copper, were embedded in gypsum plaster (with varying water/gypsum ratios) and exposed to different environmental conditions, and the corrosion rate was assessed by electrochemical techniques. Stainless steel showed very low corrosion rates, carbon and galvanized steel showed considerable corrosion rates, and copper showed moderate corrosion rates. The higher the humidity, the higher the corrosion rate, independently of the water/gypsum ratio. A comparison with results obtained for the same materials embedded in mortar was performed. Except for stainless steel, the corrosion rates obtained in gypsum are higher than those obtained in mortar, being this difference up to two orders of magnitude. The differences in the pH of both matrices explained the lower corrosion rates measured in mortar.
Perceived brand transparency: A conceptualization and measurement scale
Authors: Montecchi Matteo , Plangger Kirk , West Douglas , de Ruyter Ko 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAmid product scandals, corporate malpractices, and the proliferation of misinformation, consumers are becoming increasingly more skeptical about the brands they purchase. Transparency is often hailed as a strategic imperative to reassure consumers and increase brand trust; however, its deployment can be complex. With additional transparency, consumers may become overloaded with information, and the brand may be exposed to unwanted external scrutiny. Consequently, before disclosing strategically sensitive information, brands need more insight into how increasing transparency might translate into strategically desirable consumers' brand evaluations. Addressing this need, we examine how transparency initiatives translate into consumers' evaluation of brands by delineating the dimensions of the perceived brand transparency construct, namely, observability, comprehensibility, and intentionality. Next, we use this conceptualization to develop and validate a scale to measure perceived brand transparency. We close with a brand transparency research agenda, as well as practical guidance for managers considering investing in strategic transparency initiatives.
Directional Deep Brain Stimulation Programming: Is the Segment Clearly Identifiable and Stable Over Time?
Authors: Karl Jessica A. , Joyce Jessica M. , Ouyang Bichun , Gill Chandler E. , Verhagen Metman Leo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn our early experience programming directional deep brain stimulation (d‐DBS) in PD, we found the optimal directional segment changed over time in some patients. To determine the frequency/reasons for this we examined whether (1) different programmers would identify the same segment as “optimal”; and (2) the same programmer would select the same “optimal” segment over time. We hypothesized there would be a moderately high level of agreement on optimal electrode selection between different assessors and repeated assessments by the same evaluator.MethodsThis was a prospective, double‐blind investigation evaluating the reliability and stability of programming d‐DBS. Each patient underwent a mono‐polar survey four times (2 time points by 2 separate assessors). The primary aim was the inter‐rater agreement of selecting the optimal electrode at 1 and 6 months. The secondary aim was to determine the intra‐rater agreement of selecting the optimal electrode from 1 to 6 months.ResultsTwenty‐one patients were enrolled. There was fair inter‐rater agreement at 1 month and moderate at 6 months. There was minimal intra‐rater agreement between 1 and 6 months.DiscussionThe data refuted our hypothesis. Potential reasons for low agreement include (1) the arduous/subjective nature of identifying the optimal electrode in d‐DBS systems, especially in well‐placed electrodes; and/or (2) acute changes to the location of stimulation delivery offering temporary improvement in symptoms. Key takeaways gathered were it may, (1) behoove the programmer to explore different electrode montages after a period of time; and (2) be more efficient to review the directional electrode montage only when dictated by clinical symptoms/disease progression.
Loss and Return of Ticklishness in Functional Neurological Disorder
Authors: Coebergh Jan Adriaan , Khalil Hassan , Talwar Arman , Edwards Mark , Morgante Francesca , Nielsen Glenn , Nash Will 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundPeople with functional neurological disorder (FND) have abnormalities in sensory processing. Loss of ticklishness has been rarely reported.ObjectivesTo describe associated clinical features in people with FND and loss of ticklishness and explore correlations with sensory changes.MethodsRetrospective audit of clinical letters of people diagnosed with FND in a tertiary clinic and further cases identified in a general neurology clinic.ResultsThirty‐eight patients with loss of ticklishness are described, of which most had other functional sensory symptoms and signs. It was more often localized to one limb, rather than generalized, in those with pain or weakness. Dissociation for the affected body part was often described.ConclusionsLoss of ticklishness in FND is frequently described and offers insights into mechanisms of agency, sensory processing and interoception, which are known to be altered in FND.
Application of Network Dimension Theory to the Kinetics of Nanogel Formation in Miniemulsion Vinyl/Divinyl Copolymerization: Free‐Radical and Living Polymerization
Authors: Tobita Hidetaka 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn vinyl/divinyl copolymerization, a crosslink is formed by the reaction between an active center and a pendant double bond. When both the active center and the pendant double bond are located within the same polymer molecule, the cyclization occurs, which is ineffective for growth in molecular weight. In the present model, the network dimension theory is applied to estimate the mean‐square radius of gyration for the growing polymer molecule, which is used to account for the enrichment effect of pendant double bonds around the active center for the cyclization reaction. The model is applied to the miniemulsion copolymerization, and both conventional free‐radical polymerization and ideal living polymerization are considered. Some of important characteristics of network architecture formed in these two types of polymerization mechanisms that cannot be predicted based on the classical chemical kinetics can be reproduced by the model, such unique characteristics as the pendant double bonds are consumed from the beginning of polymerization in the conventional free‐radical polymerization but not so in the living polymerization. The present model provides useful insights into the size and structural dependent network formation kinetics without relying on the lattice model.