bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PSMD9 gene in the NIDDM2 locus is linked to type 2 diabetes in Italians
Authors: Gragnoli Claudia 
Published: October 2009

AbstractType 2 diabetes (T2D) has a replicated linkage on chromosome12q24.2, the non‐insulin‐dependent‐diabetes 2 (NIDDM2) locus. PSMD9 (which rarely causes T2D in Italians) lies in the NIDDM2 region and is implicated in beta cell insulin transcription and diabetes onset in mice. Thus, PSMD9 is a candidate T2D gene for the NIDDM2 locus. We aimed at identifying any linkage of the PSMD9 A/T/G haplotype, or of any of its single variants, to Italian T2D siblings/families. We screened 201 T2D siblings/families for PSMD9 variants and performed a parametric and non‐parametric linkage study, including linkage disequilibrium (LD) modeling and simulation analyses. Our results show a consistent significant LOD score in linkage with T2D for each single PSMD9 SNP variant (IVS3 + nt460A, P = 3.546E − 007, IVS3 + nt437T, P = 7.723E − 008, and 197G, P = 4.921E − 007) and for the haplotype (A/T/G for the above‐cited variants, P = 3.078E − 015) using the non‐parametric analysis, as well as the LD modeling test (P = 4.178E − 009) and the parametric linkage analysis. The strongest signal is present under the recessive model (P = 4.905E − 011). Our statistical power in the present study relies on the presence of T2D affected siblings, which represent an ideal dataset to identify linkage with a recessive disease model. Our 1,000 simulation analyses, performed for each single test, confirm that the results are not due to random chance. In summary, the A/T/G haplotype in PSMD9 is linked via the recessive allelic model to T2D in Italians. By our observation and testing, the linkage strategy can identify a gene contributing to T2D in a homogeneous subject dataset. J. Cell. Physiol. 222: 265–267, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dexamethasone counteracts the anti‐osteoclastic, but not the anti‐leukemic, activity of TNF‐related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL)
Authors: Zauli Giorgio , Rimondi Erika , Celeghini Claudio , Milani Daniela , Secchiero Paola 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe have analyzed the effect of the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone, used alone or in combination with recombinant TRAIL, on in vitro osteoclastic differentiation of peripheral blood‐derived macrophages cultured in the presence of macrophage‐colony stimulating factor (M‐CSF) + RANKL for 12–14 days. Dexamethasone exhibited different effects based on the concentration used. Indeed, while at 10−7 M dexamethasone reduced the number of mature osteoclasts, at 10−8 M showed no significant effects and at 10−9 M significantly increased the number of mature osteoclasts, with respect to cells cultured with only M‐CSF + RANKL. On the other hand, the addition in culture of recombinant TRAIL inhibited the output of mature osteoclasts induced by M‐CSF + RANKL. However, the presence of dexamethasone (10−8 or 10−9 M) into the culture medium significantly counteracted the anti‐osteoclastic activity of TRAIL. In order to ascertain whether dexamethasone, might also interfere with the anti‐leukemic activity of TRAIL, the degree of apoptosis induced by TRAIL was evaluated in several myeloid (OCI, MOLM, HL‐60) and lymphoid (SKW6.4, MAVER, BJAB) leukemic cell lines. The levels of TRAIL‐triggered apoptosis were not significantly different between leukemic cells cultured in the absence or presence of dexamethasone. Concerning the molecular mechanism mediating the dexamethasone‐suppression of the TRAIL activity in pre‐osteoclasts, but not in leukemic cells, we found that dexamethasone induced a significant down‐regulation of the surface levels of TRAIL‐R2 in cells of the osteoclastic lineage but not in leukemic cells. The ability of dexamethasone to counteract the TRAIL pathway envisions a novel mechanism mediating the pro‐osteoclastic activity of dexamethasone in vivo. J. Cell. Physiol. 222: 357–364, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The role of PET CT to evaluate the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced breast cancer: Comparison with ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Choi Jae Hyuck , Lim Hye In , Lee Se Kyung , Kim Wan Wook , Kim Sang Min , Cho EunYoon , Ko Eun Young , Han Boo‐Kyung , Park Yeon Hee , Ahn Jin‐Seok , Im Young‐Hyuck , Lee Jeong Eon , Yang Jung‐Hyun , Nam Seok Jin 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackgroundRecently PET is emerged as a method to estimate the response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in advanced breast cancer. This study is aimed to estimate the predictive role of PET CT and other imaging modalities (ultrasound, MRI) through NAC.MethodsPET CT was acquired before and after NAC from 41 patients. Pathologic results were classified as pathological complete response (pCR) and non‐pCR. The results of clinical responses were assessed with imaging indexes (postTx, postchemotherapy size or peak standardized uptake values (pSUV); delta, the size difference between treatment; RR, reduction rate of tumor size or pSUV), and they were compared with pathologic results.ResultsSeven patients (17.1%) showed pCR. As a result of comparison of the image index, all image indexes of MRI were predictive for pCR (P < 0.05). In contrast, only delta and RR of US, RR of PET CT were significant. The area under curve of delta and RR in MRI were higher (0.91, 0.90) than US (0.83, 0.80) and PET CT (0.62, 0.72). The MRI is superior to the US or PET CT.ConclusionsWe have concluded that the MRI is better than PET CT for monitoring the effect of NAC in advanced breast cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010;102:392–397. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Extra‐abdominal desmoid tumors: A report of 234 cases
Authors: Mankin Henry J. , Hornicek Francis J. , Springfield Dempsey S. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesTo report on the clinical presentation and outcome for 234 patients with extra‐abdominal desmoids tumors.MethodsSince 1977, the authors have treated 234 patients with extra‐abdominal desmoid tumors. The patients had an average age of 36.7 and 61% were female. The tumors arose adjacent to muscles or bones and the largest number were in the foot, shoulder thigh and calf. All of the patients were treated by primary surgery. Thirty‐seven had additional radiation and eight had chemotherapy.ResultsLocal recurrence occurred in 39 patients and 23% of the patients required additional surgery. Of great concern were 24 patients who developed multiple sites metachronously, which required further surgery and in many cases caused disability. None of the patients died of disease but 5 required amputations.ConclusionsThe authors concluded that despite the benign nature of the disease, these patients are difficult to treat and the results are sometimes considerably less than optimal. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010;102:380–384. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
PEG enhances viral clearance on ceramic hydroxyapatite
Authors: Snyder Mark A. , Ng Paul , Mekosh Heather , Gagnon Pete 
Published: October 2009

AbstractViral clearance across ceramic hydroxyapatite (CHT™) was examined in two elution systems: sodium chloride and sodium chloride plus poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). In both cases clearance of xenotropic murine leukemia virus was significant (3–4 log) while that of minute virus of mice varied between 1.7 and 2.7 log; in addition, the addition of PEG to the elution buffer enhanced viral clearance. The data are in agreement with the previous results and demonstrate that additional clearance can be obtained by adding PEG to a ceramic hydroxyapatite buffer system.
Food analysis: A continuous challenge for miniaturized separation techniques
Authors: Asensio‐Ramos María , Hernández‐Borges Javier , Rocco Anna , Fanali Salvatore 
Published: October 2009

AbstractOne of the current trends of modern analytical chemistry is the miniaturization of the various tools daily used by a large number of researchers. Ultrafast separations, consumption of small amounts of both samples and reagents as well as a high sensitivity and automation are some of the most important goals desired to be achieved. For many years a large number of research laboratories and analytical instrument manufacturing companies have been investing their efforts in this field, which includes miniaturized extraction materials, sample pre‐treatment procedures and separation techniques. Among the separation techniques, capillary electromigration methods (which also include CEC), microchip and nano‐LC/capillary LC have received especial attention. Besides their well‐known advantages over other separation tools, the role of these miniaturized techniques in food analysis is still probably in an early stage. In fact, applications in this field carried out by CEC, microchip, nano‐LC and capillary LC are only a few when compared with other more established procedures such as conventional GC or HPLC. The scope of this review is to gather and discuss the different applications of such miniaturized techniques in this field. Concerning CE, microchip‐CE and CEC works, emphasis has been placed on articles published after January 2007.
A multiresidual method for the simultaneous determination of the main glycoalkaloids and flavonoids in fresh and processed tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by LC‐DAD‐MS/MS
Authors: Dall'Asta Chiara , Falavigna Claudia , Galaverna Gianni , Sforza Stefano , Dossena Arnaldo , Marchelli Rosangela 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA new multiresidual LC‐DAD‐MS/MS method for the simultaneous detection of the major flavonoids and glycoalkaloids occurring in tomatoes has been developed and applied to the characterization of seven varieties of raw tomatoes grown in Italy and to their processed products. The new method allowed to determine rapidly the concentration of these secondary metabolites in a single analysis, showing that their content can be quite variable among the different varieties considered. On the contrary, a great depletion in glycoalkaloids and flavonoids is observed after processing, probably due to the harsh thermal treatment, which prevents the recognition of the varieties in the processed products.
Comprehensive two‐dimensional GC after HPLC preseparation for the characterization of aromatic hydrocarbons of mineral oil origin in contaminated sunflower oil
Authors: Biedermann Maurus , Grob Koni 
Published: October 2009

AbstractMany foods are contaminated with mineral oil at concentrations in the order of or above 10 mg/kg. Often, these mineral oils are of technical grade and contain around 20–30% aromatic hydrocarbons, as previously shown by an on‐line HPLC‐GC‐flame ionization detection method for determining in foods the sum of the mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons (ranging from 1 to at least 5 aromatic rings). Now, a comprehensive two‐dimensional GC (GC×GC) method was added for characterizing these aromatics by ring number and degree of alkylation. In contrast to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons originating from pyrolysis, mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons are highly alkylated and form extremely complex mixtures. Through MS and addition of standards, sectors in the GC×GC plots were allocated to 1 to 5 ring aromatics in order to estimate the relative abundance of each group. The quantitative composition is approximated by integration of 2nd dimension chromatograms laid as a grid over the three‐dimensional hump of unresolved hydrocarbons of the GC×GC‐flame ionization detection plot. The procedure is applied to Ukrainian sunflower oils contaminated with mineral oil.
Blind analysis of fortified pesticide residues in carrot extracts using GC‐MS to evaluate qualitative and quantitative performance
Authors: Lehotay Steven J. , Gates Robert A. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractUnlike quantitative analysis, which must commonly undergo an extensive method validation process in labs to assure quality of results, the quality of the qualitative results in the analysis of pesticide residues in food is generally ignored in practice. Instead, chemists tend to rely on advanced MS techniques and general subjective guidelines or fixed acceptability criteria when making analyte identifications. All analytes and matrices have unique characteristics that make this current approach less effective than desirable in many real‐world situations. Just as performed in quantitative method validation studies, collection of distinguishing factors of selectivity versus concentration, such as analyte retention time variabilities, ion ratios, matrix background evaluations, choice of ions, and the number of ions to use, provides specific information about the particular application to assess its quality. Empirical analysis of many blind samples to check the rates of false positives and negatives should be performed, at least to better evaluate LOD and reduce the chances of a serious qualitative problem. Familiarization training and review of results by the analyst(s) increase performance, and in any case, the traditional use of two independent analyses should still be relied upon to make chemical confirmations. In this study, an experimental approach to evaluate GC‐MS using SIM with a quadrupole instrument and an MS/MS (ion trap) was conducted to assess the qualitative factors of both methods for 16 pesticides fortified (or not) in carrot extracts. Rates of false positives and negatives were compared using different identification criteria, and no single set of conditions was found to be superior for all analytes.
Orthogonality of silver‐ion and non‐aqueous reversed‐phase HPLC/MS in the analysis of complex natural mixtures of triacylglycerols
Authors: Holčapek Michal , Velínská Hana , Lísa Miroslav , Česla Petr 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe goal of this work is the study of possibilities of two basic separation modes used in the analysis of complex triacylglycerol (TG) samples of plant oils and animal fats, i.e. non‐aqueous reversed‐phase (NARP) and silver‐ion HPLC coupled with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (APCI‐MS). The orthogonality of both separation modes is tested for complex TG mixtures containing fatty acids (FAs) with different acyl chain lengths, different number, positions and geometry of double bonds (DBs) and different regioisomeric positions of FAs on the glycerol skeleton. The retention in NARP mode is governed by the equivalent carbon number, while the retention in silver‐ion chromatography increases with the increasing number of DBs with a clear differentiation between cis‐ and trans‐FAs. Moreover, silver‐ion mode enables at least the partial resolution of regioisomeric TG mixtures including cis‐/trans‐regioisomers, as illustrated on two examples of randomization mixtures. Off‐line 2D coupling of both complementary modes (NARP in the first dimension and silver‐ion in the second dimension) yields the superior chromatographic selectivity resulting in the highest number of identified TGs ever reported for studied samples. Off‐line 2D chromatograms are processed with the home‐made software providing various ways of data visualization.
Simultaneous determination of avermectins in bovine tissues by LC‐MS/MS
Authors: Inoue Koichi , Yoshimi Yukiko , Hino Tomoaki , Oka Hisao 
Published: October 2009

AbstractAnalytical method for the simultaneous quantification of avermectins (AVMs), abamectin B1a, abamectin 8,9‐Z isomer B1a, emamectine benzoate B1a, emamectine benzoate 8,9‐Z isomer B1a, ivermectin, eprinomectin B1a, doramectin and moxidectin in bovine tissues (muscle, liver and fat) was developed by LC‐MS/MS in electrospray positive ion mode. The separation was achieved on a short TSK‐GEL ODS 100V column with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and aquatic 0.1 mM ammonium formate containing 0.1% formic acid v/v at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min with gradient elution. Liquid–liquid extraction with isooctane was used for the sample extraction/preparation of analytes in bovine samples. The linearity of the calibration curves was excellent in matrix‐matched standards, and yielded the coefficients (r2=0.997–0.999, range from LOQ to 500, 1000 or 5000 ng/g) of determination of the target analytes. Recoveries were in the range of 87.9–99.8% with associated precision values (within‐day: 1.5–7.4%, n=6, and between‐day: 1.5–8.4% for 3 days) for repeatability and reproducibility. LC‐MS/MS method has been proven to be highly efficient and suitable for the simultaneous determinations of eight AVMs in bovine tissue samples.
Determination of hexabromocyclododecane isomers in sewage sludge by LC‐MS/MS
Authors: García‐Valcárcel Ana Isabel , Tadeo José Luis 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA method has been developed to determine α, β and γ diastereoisomers of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), a brominated flame retardant, in sewage sludge, based on the ultrasonic‐assisted extraction (UAE) of samples with dichloromethane–ACN (1:1) and the subsequent clean‐up of extracts by dispersive solid phase extraction with primary–secondary amine. Levels of HBCD diastereoisomers were determined by LC coupled with ESI MS/MS. Evaluation of the matrix effect showed a high ion suppression for all the diastereoisomers studied, which was counteracted by using a mixture of labelled HBCD diastereoisomers as internal standards. This method yielded recoveries in the range of 79.6–112.5% with SDs equal or lower than 9.1 The limits of detection were 0.3 ng/g for α‐ and β‐HBCD and 0.2 ng/g for γ‐HBCD. The developed method was successfully applied to 19 sludge samples collected from the province of Madrid (Spain). In most of the samples, β‐HBCD was below the method detection limit, whereas α‐ and γ‐HBCD were quantified in all of the sludge samples, and γ‐HBCD was the predominant diastereoisomer in 63% of the analyzed samples and α‐HBCD predominated in the rest.
Temperature‐controlled ionic liquid‐dispersive liquid‐phase microextraction for preconcentration of chlorotoluron, diethofencarb and chlorbenzuron in water samples
Authors: Zhou Qingxiang , Zhang Xiaoguo , Xie Guohong , Xiao Junping 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThis article describes a new, rapid and sensitive method for the determination of chlorotoluron, diethofencarb and chlorbenzuron from water samples with temperature‐controlled ionic liquid‐dispersive liquid‐phase microextraction. In the preconcentration procedure, ionic liquid 1‐hexyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [C6MIM] [PF6] was employed as the extraction solvent. The parameters, such as volume of [C6MIM] [PF6], sample pH, extraction time, centrifuging time, temperature and salting‐out effect, were investigated in detail. Under the optimal extraction conditions, it has been found that three analytes had excellent LODs (S/N=3) in the range of 0.04–0.43 μg/L. The RSDs (n=6) were in the range of 1.3–4.7%. The proposed method was evaluated with lake water, tap water and melted snow water samples. The experimental results indicated that the proposed method had excellent prospect and would be widely used in the future.
Tourism, health and income in Singapore
Authors: Lee Chew Ging , Hung Woan Ting 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThis paper employs Granger causality test to investigate the long‐run and the short‐run dynamic interactions among tourism, economic development and health care development in Singapore. The test reveals that there is long‐run unidirectional Granger causality from health care development to economic development and from tourism to economic development. Both health care and tourism have positive effects on economic development in the long run. In the short run, there is a unidirectional Granger causality from economic development to health care development and a bidirectional causality between health care development and tourism. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The holiday happiness curve: a preliminary investigation into mood during a holiday abroad
Authors: Nawijn Jeroen 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe take holidays for pleasure, but how well do we actually feel during our holiday? This question was addressed in a study of 481 international tourists in the Netherlands, who answered questions about their mood of the day and about their satisfaction with life in general. Average mood appears to be high. Mood was somewhat lower among people who were in the first ‘travel phase’ of about 10% of the holiday duration. Mood was highest during the ‘core phase’, which covers about 70% of the holiday time. Mood then declines slightly, but increases during the last part of the holiday. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Knowledge use, capitalisation and sharing in the audit and consultancy professions
Authors: Mignon Sophie , Janicot Corinne 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe introduction of knowledge management (KM) systems has become a key factor that potentially leads to competitive advantage. To take fully advantage of KM systems it is often necessary to make adjustments along a variety of dimensions to the organisations concerned. This paper proposes a KM model built around four factors: strategic; organisational; technical and informational; cultural and human. With special focus on the audit and consultancy profession, this paper identifies the respective influence of individual factors on the use and capitalisation of the knowledge contained in the KM system that is introduced into an organisation. The results show that use of the system is facilitated by technical and information systems (knowledge bases) developed as a significant part of the group's strategy and culture. However, despite organisational actions that focus o knowledge, knowledge capitalisation remains problematic, in large part, due to human and cultural reticence over sharing. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pediatric cholesteatoma and variants in the gene encoding connexin 26
Authors: James Adrian L. , Chadha Neil K. , Papsin Blake C. , Stockley Tracy L. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Connexin 26 is a gap junction protein encoded by the GJB2 gene. It is expressed in cholesteatoma, and mutations cause proliferative skin disorders and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Deletions of GJB6, which encodes connexin 30, cause SNHL in a digenic manner with a heterozygous GJB2 mutation. We hypothesize that GJB2 and GJB6 mutations might influence the development of cholesteatoma.Study Design:Prospective observational study to identify GJB mutations in pediatric cholesteatoma.Methods:Peripheral blood samples from 98 children with cholesteatoma were screened for mutations in the GJB2 gene by direct sequencing of the coding region (exon 2 and the intron/exon boundary). Deletions of the GJB6 gene were tested using multiple ligation probe amplification methods. GJB status was compared with other populations and patient age and extent of cholesteatoma at presentation.Results:Fourteen children had at least one GJB2 variant (14%). Of these, three had two variants. Two of the variants were neutral polymorphisms. One child with the GJB2 genotype 35delG/35delG also had SNHL. No correlation was found between GJB2 status and patient age or cholesteatoma severity at presentation. No GJB6 deletions were found.Conclusions:GJB2 gene variants are present in a minority of children with cholesteatoma, but may be more common than in normal populations. It is conceivable that alterations of connexin 26 expression could contribute to the multifactorial disease process in cholesteatoma by modifying the cell‐to‐cell communication that is important in proliferation and migration of keratinocytes. Laryngoscope, 2010