bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geriatric Oncology
Authors: Hussain Syed Md Akram , Ali Shah Md Keramat , Kader Kazi Manzur 
Published: October 2009

We are growing old. In cancer care, there is no exception. Over one-half of all cancer patients in the United States are over age 60.Elderly represent 12% of the total world population. Over the next 25 years, more than 60% of all cancers diagnosed in people of 55 years old and older in Bangladesh As the number of elderly rise exponentially, we can expect growing numbers of elderly at risk for developing cancer. Without dramatic breakthroughs in cancer prevention and treatment, it will have a major impact on the magnitude of cancer problem. In the meantime, when we are growing old and facing cancer, several important realities need to address. What is most important to consider in treatment planning for cancer, is not what the patient's age is, but rather about the baseline level of function and fitness despite chronologic age. In the absence of co-morbid conditions, advanced age should not be a deterrent to cancer therapy with a curative intent. Without other chronic illness which states impair kidney, liver, lung and heart function, older patients can expect comparable results to therapeutic regimens as their younger counterparts. Keywords: Geriatric Oncology DOI: 10.3329/bmj.v37i1.3604 Bangladesh Medical Journal 37(1) 2008 21-23
A Spirometric Study of Pulmonary Function in Carcinoma Breast Patients Treated with Tangential Beam Technique of EBRT
Authors: Kader Kazi Mansur , Rahman SM Anisur , Alam AMM Shariful , Hussain Syed Md Akram , Uddin AFM Kamal 
Published: October 2009

A study was conducted at National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital, Mohakhali, Dhaka among the cancer Breast patients receiving radiotherapy from July 2007 to June 2008. The objective of this study was to asses the short term pulmonary side effects following adjuvant radiotherapy by doing pulmonary function test. We included 50 patients with the mean age of 45 years. The base line pulmonary function was measured on the day of starting Radiotherapy and 6 weeks and 12 weeks of Post Radiotherapy. The measuring indicators were FEVI, FVC, VC, ERV, IRV, Chest X-rays of all patients were taken periodically all the patients under went chest wall irradiated by tangential fields and irradiation to axilla and supraclavicular region by single interior field. The usual dose was 5000 CGY in 25 fractions, 5 functions per week using co60 teletherapy. DOI: 10.3329/bmj.v37i2.3588 Bangladesh Medical Journal 37(2) 2008 28-29
Who Seek Homeopathic Treatment?
Authors: Elahee Sheikh Faruque , Rahman Md Mizanur , Rahman Md Mahfuzar , Hossain Shaila , Zaki Mahbub 
Published: October 2009

Homeopathy, or homeopathic medicine, is a holistic system of treatment and is based on the idea that substances that produce symptoms of sickness in healthy people will have a curative effect when given in very dilute quantities to sick people who exhibit those same symptoms. Homeopathic physicians seek to cure their patients on the physical, mental and emotional levels, and each treatment is tailored to a patient's individual needs. Considering these ideas a cross sectional study was conducted in Dhaka city from March to July, 2008 to determine the characteristics of patients seeking homeopathic treatment. A sample of 250 patients was selected for interview for the study. About one third (31%) of the patients prefer homeopathic treatment and the rest also take other treatments like Allopathic, Ayurbedic and Unani. Majority of the patients chose homeopathic treatment as it has long lasting cure (54%), low cost (27%) and no side effect (25%). The common diseases for which homeopathic treatment was sought were skin diseases (16%), gastrointestinal diseases (15%), genital diseases (14%), ENT diseases (13%) and musculo-skeletal diseases (12%). About 76% patients had previous experience of homeopathic treatment, while 24% received it for the first time. Bi-variate analysis revealed that young age, unmarried and higher income groups of patients were found to be more regular in receiving homeopathic treatment than the older, married and low income groups (p<0.05). Though the study finding did not generalize the medicare system of Bangladesh, but it need to be integrated into the conventional medicine to achieve health for all. Keywords: Homeopathic treatment, characteristics of patients, family income, common diseases, Bangladesh. DOI: 10.3329/bmj.v37i2.3590 Bangladesh Medical Journal 37(2) 2008 37-40
Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (OPCABG) Surgery in Patients with Left Main Coronary Artery Stenosis: Analysis of Experience in 145 Patients
Authors: Maruf Mohammad Fasle , Hosain Suman Nazmul , Hassan Md Kamrul , Khan Zahangir Haider , Chowdhury Asif Ahsan , Akter Tahmina , Karim Rezaul , Ahsan NA Kamrul 
Published: October 2009

The presence of significant left main arterial stenosis has been considered a relative contraindication to OPCAB surgery. The development of newer techniques and an increasing understanding of the hemodynamic changes make the surgeons confident to perform OPCAB in patients with significant left main artery stenosis. Between January 2004 to March 2008, 145 patients with left main artery stenosis underwent OPCAB surgery at NICVD. Gradual adoption and integration of maturing heart surgery in fast years led to a trend towards overall improvement in CABG outcomes. Off-pump coronary artery surgery appears to be a safe and effective technique in patients with significant Left Main coronary artery disease. The postoperative morbidity and length of ICU and hospital stay are shorter. OPCAB could be an effective alternative to the conventional method CABG with same or better early results and is cheap and cost effective. The long-term results are to be evaluated DOI: 10.3329/bmj.v37i2.3592 Bangladesh Medical Journal 37(2) 2008 46-49
A Study of Late Postpartum Eclampsia - 178 Cases
Authors: Habib Sahin Akhter Jahan , Sultana Sayeeda 
Published: October 2009

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a shift in the timing of eclampsia in relation to delivery and whether traditional symptoms precede impending postpartum eclampsia. Study Design: A cross - sectional hospital - based study conducted at Gynae Unit, Dhaka Medical College Hospital from January 2006 - December 2007. Data was collected regarding the relationship of the patient's first seizure to delivery prodromal symptoms, neuroimaging studies, use of magnesium sulfate, antihypertensive therapy and follow up medical care. The analysis focused on women who had late postpartum eclampsia. Result: During the study period 178 patients were diagnosed with eclampsia. Fifty eight women (33%) had postpartum eclampsia, of which 46 women (79%) had late onset (> 48 hrs.). Interestingly only 10 of these 46 women (22%) had been previously diagnosed with preeclampsia. Forty two pt.(91%) with late postpartum eclampsia had at least 1 prodromal symptom, and 24 pt. (52%) had> 1 symptom that heralded the seizure : 40 women (87%) had headache , 20 women (44%) had visual changes, 10 (22%) had nausea or vomiting and 4 (9% ) experienced epigastric pain. Only 14 of this 42 women (33%) sought care for their symptoms , of whom 12 women (86%)had clinical evidence of preeclampsia that was not considered by the treating physician. Among all patients with eclampsia there were 14 cases of aspiration pneumonia,6 cases of pulmonary edema, 6 cases of pleural effusion 4 cases of DIC and no cases of maternal death. Conclusion: Current obstetric treatment has a resulted in a shift of eclampsia toward the postpartum period with most cases being seen as late postpartum. To reduce the rate of the postpartum eclampsia, efforts should be directed to the education of the health care providers and patients regarding the importance of prompt reporting and evaluation of symptoms of preeclampsia during the postpartum period. DOI: 10.3329/bmj.v37i2.3594 Bangladesh Medical Journal 37(2) 2008 52-55
Poor Oral Health and Pre-Term Low Birth Infants
Authors: Bashar AKM , Alam MS 
Published: October 2009

Oral health though often considered as a distinct specialty that is separate from the body as a whole, but the health of the oral cavity can have wide-reaching effects on overall health. Poor oral health may occur concomitantly with a more serious underlying disease process or may predispose an individual to other health conditions. This article examines the relationship between poor oral health and increased risk for Pre-term low birth weight infants, underscoring that the oral cavity and its tissues are an integral part of the human body. DOI: 10.3329/bmj.v37i2.3595 Bangladesh Medical Journal 37(2) 2008 56-65
Haemorrhagic Corpus Lutem Mimic Appendicitis
Authors: Afroz Hasina , Akhter Rabeya , Jesmin Shahela 
Published: October 2009

Haemoperitoneum secondary to ruptured corpus luteum is a rare complication for women of reproductive life. The differential diagnosis of hemoperitoneum includes various types of acute abdomen that usually associated with acute lower abdominal pain and swelling lower abdomen. The differential diagnosis includes ruptured ectopic pregnancy, ruptured chocolate cyst, twisted ovarian tumor, pelvic inflammatory disease and pelvic peritonitis. Ruptured hemorrhagic corpus luteum is an uncommon cause of acute abdomem. Its occurrence is unknown but is likely quite frequent and without symptoms. Most cases are self limiting; enquire only observation with abdominal pain relieved with analgesics. Some need laparoscopy or laparotomy to achieve homeostasis if the patient is haemodynamically unstable. Key word: Haemoperitoneum, Appendicitis, Ruptured Corpus luteum. DOI: 10.3329/bmj.v37i2.3596 Bangladesh Medical Journal 37(2) 2008 66-67
"Christianisation" en Nouvelle Castille: catéchisme, communion, messe et confirmation dans l'archevêché de Tolède, 1540-1650
Authors: Dedieu Jean-Pierre 
Published: October 2009

Abstract
This article studies first, through the synodal decrees of Toledo, the growing interest of the ecclesiastical hierarchy in the religious education of the people during the XVIth and XVIIth centuries, interest which begun long before the Council of Trent. In a second section, based upon a serial study of some 700 inquisitoiial interrogatories, we investigate how, during the same period, the male population of New Castile learned the basic Catholic catechism and began to use more and more frequently the sacraments of the Church. We conclude that at the beginning of the XVIIth century they had reached in those matters a fairly satisfactory level, certainly superior to what the French had been able to achieve at the same time.
Tribut textile et caciques dans le nord de l'Audiencia de Quito
Authors: Caillavet Chantal 
Published: October 2009

Chantal Caillavet
Tributo textil y caciques en el Norte de la Audiencia de Quito.
El estudio del tributo textil indigena (mantas de algodón), en el Norte de la Audiencia de Quito (zona de Otavalo), al iniciarse la colonización, revela rasgos prehispánicos de funcionamiento económico, asi como su paulatina transformación bajo la presión colonial.
La producción y distribución del algodón, la fabricación de la ropa indigena se mantienen según tradiciones autóctonas mientras que la comercialización por los españoles de la «ropa de la tierra» introduce cambios profundos; especialmente en el papel del cacique: los españoles le colocan como eje de las transacciones del tributo colonial pero explotándole a la vez; por lo tanto, va a ejercer su poder a expensas de los indigenas.
And some fell upon stoney places. Some thoughts on why Missions on the Australian continent have been less successful than Missions to the Melanesians
Authors: Rowley C. D. 
Published: October 2009

En Mélanésie, les communautés missionnaires se transforment d'elles-mêmes en églises ou congrégations indigènes. Pourquoi les aborigènes d'Australie eurent-ils un rôle plus passif ?
Les colons, en Australie, chassèrent de leurs terres et autres possessions la plupart des communautés aborigènes. Le droit du premier occupant n'était pas reconnu par la loi. La rapide dépopulation, la privation de toute autonomie, la perte de la terre et du contrôle des sites sacrés signifiaient la prompte désintégration du système social et politique des aborigènes. La colonisation se faisait par le biais du travail. La plupart des aborigènes des régions du sud ne trouvèrent aucune place dans l'économie nouvelle. Quant aux autres, on eut tendance à les tenir à l'écart des échanges avec les Blancs et de la vie politique, et à les considérer comme des hôtes. Pour ces diverses raisons les missions devinrent, en général, des institutions pour gens indésirables.
Ceci contraste avec le rôle qu'elles ont tenu en Mélanésie où elles formèrent les foyers de développement des communautés chrétiennes. En Mélanésie, le village fut préservé par le Gouvernement qui y voyait la source d'une future main-d'œuvre. Relativement peu de terres furent soustraites à son autorité. La mission fut à même de rendre service à une communauté qui se transformait et s'adaptait selon ses propres lois, et qui maintenait une continuité de tradition et de décision.
La croyance religieuse indigène opposa une résistance plus profonde et subtile en Australie qu'en Mélanésie, résistance renforcée par un ressentiment incessant. En Mélanésie, le contraste entre l'enseignement et la manière d'agir des chrétiens fut moins tranché, et les religions indigènes furent rapidement discréditées ou s'amalgamèrent avec le christianisme. Dans les communautés missionnaires, une adaptation syncrétique et un commandement considéré comme légitime formèrent la base des églises indigènes.
En comparaison, le continent australien s'avéra offrir une « terre rocailleuse » à la semence de l'évangile.
The health implications of urbanisation in the South Pacific
Authors: Loison G. , Bourre A. L. , Malo C. , Tamson R. 
Published: October 2009

THE HEALTH IMPLICATIONS OF URBANISATION IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC.
As a result of urbanisation in the South Pacific area, increasing population shift to bigger cities gives more and more rise to health problems of housing, pollution, environmental sanitation, and traffic accidents. New epidemiological patterns are created.
Special attention is drawn to the results of urbanisation in the field of food and nutrition. Malnutrition, dental caries, metabolic and cardiovascular diseases are the inevitable consequences of the change in traditional food patterns.
Social consequences of urbanisation such as mental health problems due to acculturation, delinquency, alcoholism and prostitution also affect directly the health of the population.
To remedy the undesirable conditions created by increasing urbanisation, there is an immediate need for long-term planning in the fields of social welfare and public health.
This paper records existing figures on these various aspects of urbanisation and on available health facilities in some urban areas of the South Pacific territories, originating mostly from territorial health reports.
However, positive aspects of urbanisation do exist. Some of the reasons given by Pacific islanders for moving to an urban setting are briefly considered.
Espaces et paysages agraires dans le nord des Nouvelles-Hébrides. L'exemple des îles d'Aoba et de Maewo (étude de géographie agraire) (suite et fin)
Authors: Bonnemaison Joël 
Published: October 2009

There are two main traditional methods of land use on Aoba and Maewo islands : that of the coastal peoples, whose main crop is yams, and that of the inland "man-bush", who are mainly taro planters.
This study attempts to define the internal cohesion of the traditional agrarian systems, and discusses their evolution.
Generally, the spread of cash-cropping causes a break-down in both social and agricultural systems: this is particularly marked in view of the high population density. It leads to a "disintensification" of traditional subsistence agriculture, and a decline in agrarian techniques. Furthermore, the transition from a peasant society to a cash-crop society, closely tied to an outside economy and to world copra prices, makes this society more and more vulnerable, and leads to a relative over-population of the most "evolved" regions. The renewal of migratory movements to the urban centers is often a direct effect of this situation.
The methods used during this research (classification of agrarian systems and their evolution) are based on the classificatory model established by H. C. Brookfield, which makes it possible to "measure" the efficiency of agrarian systems and their degree of intensity (Melanesia: A Geographical Interpretation of an Island World. London, Methuen, 1970).
Chronologie de la pirogue à balancier : le témoignage de l'océan Indien occidental
Authors: Boulinier Georges , Boulinier-Giraud Geneviève 
Published: October 2009

The aim of this paper is to bring objections to the recent thesis held by E. Doran, according to which the single outrigger antedated the double outrigger.
The historical change from the double outrigger to the single one, already testified by A. and G. Grandidier and by J. Hornell on the West coast of Madagascar, is ascertained by new documents, not only in this island but also in the Comoro Islands.
As regards the Pacific, the same process probably took place at the time of the first Polynesian migrations, as suggested by Hornell.
On a Raratongan idol from the New Hebrides
Authors: Brachear Robert 
Published: October 2009

Les arts plastiques que l'on associe généralement avec les Nouvelles-Hébrides ne sont pas communs à toutes les îles du groupe. Dans le Sud la sculpture est pratiquement inconnue. Ne sont bien documentés que les objets d'art rituel provenant de la nature — branches et pierres magiques. Seule exception importante, une figure anthropomorphe découverte au XIXe siècle sur l'île d'Aneityum par le Révérend John Inglis qui l'attribua a Raratonga.
Cet article traite de la façon dont la petite sculpture polynésienne paraît avoir été assimilée aux usages rituels d'Aneityum, et examine son rôle particulier dans un contexte formel et fonctionnel qui n'avait auparavant compris que des objets naturels.
D'autres traces de l'influence possible de Raratonga et la présence polynésienne en général dans les Nouvelles-Hébrides sont également abordées.
Géomorphologie de l'atoll de Takapoto
Authors: Chevalier Jean-Pierre , Denizot Michel , Ricard Michel , Salvat Bernard , Sournia Alain , Vasseur Pierre 
Published: October 2009

This study covers the different parts of the atoll: atoll rim (outer reef flat, elevated reef, inner reef flat) and lagoon. The rim is an almost continuous island, made of an old reef conglomerate which emerges of 50 cm above the sea level (low tide) and on which recent and gravel formations are deposited; Beachrocks appear in some areas. The outer reef is constituted by a reef flat, an algal ridge which is crossed by many grooves, and an outer slope. The appearance of the edge of the reef differs according to the reef position with regard to the winds.
There are very few functional channels (hoa) between the ocean and the lagoon, all situated near Teavatika, or Takaï. The inner reef flat often shows gravel or sandy accumulations more or less covering the old reef conglomerate. In the center of the lagoon, there are many patch reefs, surface-rising patches or knolls, which were built when the sea-level was higher than it is now. To day, building fauna is scarce.
Espace géographique et identité culturelle en Vanuatu (ex Nouvelles-Hébrides)
Authors: Bonnemaison Joël 
Published: October 2009

As is well known, political events disturbed the archipelago of Vanuatu's accession to indepen- dence. Apart from immediate causes there are — as much in the archipelago's past and the nature of its physical aspect as in its culture — deep causes which made this crisis practically unavoidable. The "disjointed" history of the condominium, the rivalties opposing the various Christian missions which shared the archipelago and also the persistence of a traditional culture accepting with difficulty the centralised vision of space which is that of the modern states, have made, and still make, unity of the young state difficult.
Vanuatu is looking for its cultural identity : will the synthesis between traditional culture and modernity be possible? Will present tensions and conflicts give birth to a new fecundity?
New approaches to Papuan pottery analysis
Authors: Rye O. J. , Allen Jim 
Published: October 2009

Une difficulté dans la classification et la typologie de la poterie ancienne de Papouasie réside dans la faible différenciation relevée entre les sites quant à la morphologie, les motifs décoratifs et les traits fonctionnels (principaux critères d'identification utilisés jusqu'à présent). Les auteurs proposent des critères nouveaux fondés sur l'analyse des matériaux et des contraintes techniques et fondés sur une expérience menée par O. S. Rye en trois sites de la côte de Papouasie : cet auteur a reconstitué expérimentalement les différents types de matériaux possibles, en diversifiant la proportion de sable dans l'argile, en se servant d'eau de mer ou d'eau douce et en modifiant les températures de cuisson. Les résultats sont actuellement appliqués aux vestiges céramiques collectés à l'île de Motupore (près de Port-Moresby).
Bien qu'ils ne soient pas encore très avancés dans leurs analyses, les auteurs estiment que la définition de ces nouveaux critères d'identification (tels que la présence ou non de sel dans les tessons, la couleur des surfaces donnant des informations sur la température de cuisson, la proportion de sable ou certaines caractéristiques physiques : fissures de cuisson, polissage, etc.) permettra de mieux comprendre la distribution et les mouvements d'objets céramiques dans le golfe de Papouasie.
The Prehistory of Western Polynesia
Authors: Davidson Janet 
Published: October 2009

Excavations and surveys in Western Polynesia have revealed a sequence of more than 3 000 years of human occupation. The first 1 000 years of the sequence are best known from Tonga, with only a few pottery finds suggesting contemporary occupation of other islands. The last 2 000 years are best known from Samoa. Data from 'Uvea and Futuna are just beginning to be assembled. The limited evidence available so far suggests that the various island groups have been in regular contact with each other throughout their histories. Thus the area can be regarded as a culture area not merely in the recent past, but also in the more remote past.
Study of past settlement patterns and economies suggests that the first settlers probably brought with them agriculture and pigs as well as the distinctive Lapita pottery characteristic of the earliest known sites. Throughout their history the islanders also exploited marine resources. Data are not