bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing midwives' occupational well-being: Lessons from New Zealand's COVID-19 experience
Authors: Mharapara Tago L. , Ravenswood Katherine , Clemons Janine H. , Kirton Gill , Greenslade-Yeats James 
Published: May 2024

Background
The World Health Organization posits that adequate maternity health is possible if midwives are supported, respected, protected, motivated, and equipped to work safely and optimally within interdisciplinary health care teams. Based on qualitative survey data, we argue that the COVID-19 pandemic amplified job demands and resources, professional invisibility, and gender norms to negatively impact midwives' well-being.

Purposes
We aim to develop a refined understanding of the antecedents of well-being in midwifery to equip policymakers, administrators, and professional associations with the knowledge to enhance midwives' well-being postpandemic.

Methodology/Approach
Drawing on the Job Demands–Resources model, we thematically analyzed qualitative survey data (N = 215) from New Zealand midwives to reveal how job demands, resources, and structural factors impacted midwives' well-being.

Results
We identified fear of contracting and spreading COVID-19, financial and legal imperatives (job demands), work-related hypervigilance, sense of professional duty, practical and social support, and appreciation and recognition (job resources) as key antecedents of midwives' well-being. These job demands and resources were influenced by professional invisibility and gender norms.

Conclusion
Policy and practice solutions must address job demands, resources, and structural factors to meaningfully enhance midwives' well-being postpandemic.

Practice Implications
We recommend that policymakers, administrators, and professional associations monitor for signs of overcommitment and perfectionistic strivings and then take appropriate remedial action. We also suggest that midwives receive equitable pay, sick leave, and other related benefits.
Stakeholders' Perspectives on the “Helping Babies Breathe” Program Situation in Nepal Following the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kain Victoria J. , Dhungana Ranjan , Basnet Bidhya , Basnet Lila Bahadur , Budhathoki Shyam Sundar , Fatth Waleed , Sherpa Ang Jangmu 
Published: May 2024

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic impacted healthcare systems, including resuscitation training programs such as Helping Babies Breathe (HBB). Nepal, a country with limited healthcare resources, faces challenges in delivering effective HBB training, managing deliveries, and providing neonatal care, particularly in remote areas.

Aims:
This study assessed HBB skills and knowledge postpandemic through interviews with key stakeholders in Nepal. It aimed to identify strategies, adaptations, and innovations to address training gaps and scale-up HBB.

Methods:
A qualitative approach was used, employing semistructured interviews about HBB program effectiveness, pandemic challenges, stakeholder engagement, and suggestions for improvement.

Results:
The study encompassed interviews with 23 participants, including HBB trainers, birth attendants, officials, and providers. Thematic analysis employed a systematic approach by deducing themes from study aims and theory. Data underwent iterative coding and refinement to synthesize content yielding following 5 themes: (1) pandemic's impact on HBB training; (2) resource accessibility for training postpandemic; (3) reviving HBB training; (4) impacts on the neonatal workforce; and (5) elements influencing HBB training progress.

Conclusion:
Postpandemic, healthcare workers in Nepal encounter challenges accessing essential resources and delivering HBB training, especially in remote areas. Adequate budgeting and strong commitment from healthcare policy levels are essential to reduce neonatal mortality in the future.
“You and Me Do It for the Love of Teaching”: Exploring the Expansion of Clinical Training Opportunities for Midwives
Authors: Alspaugh Amy , Blumenfeld Julie , Wright Lyndsay V. , Recalde Shanaya , Lindberg Laura D. 
Published: May 2024

Purpose:
To better understand the barriers and facilitators to precepting midwifery students from across the healthcare ecosystem in New Jersey.

Background:
Growing the midwifery workforce is a crucial step to alleviating disparately poor perinatal health outcomes and expanding access to care. Difficulty recruiting and retaining preceptors has been identified as a barrier to graduating more midwives.

Methods:
In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with 19 individuals involved in different stages of the clinical training process: midwives, physicians, and administrators. Transcripts were coded using the tenets of qualitative description and thematic analysis. Analysis was guided by the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services framework.

Results:
The following themes were identified and organized within the domains identified by our conceptual framework. Evidence: (mis)understanding the benefits of midwifery care and impacts on patient care. Context: the time and energy it takes to precept and practice considerations. Facilitations: developing the next generation of healthcare providers and the quiet and ever-present role of money in healthcare.

Conclusions:
Findings from this study support the importance of approaching midwifery precepting as a multifaceted endeavor, one that necessitates the full support of individuals within many different roles in an organization.

Implications for practice and research:
Getting buy-in from various levels of the healthcare ecosystem requires a flexible approach but must include a targeted effort toward showing the value of midwifery care in terms of patient outcomes, satisfaction, and cost.
Effects of Nurse Staffing on Missed Breastfeeding Support in Maternity Units With Different Nurse Work Environments
Authors: Clark Rebecca R. S. , Peele Morgan E. , Mason Aleigha , Lake Eileen T. 
Published: May 2024

Purpose:
To examine the effect of nurse staffing in varying work environments on missed breastfeeding teaching and support in inpatient maternity units in the United States.

Background:
Breast milk is the optimal food for newborns. Teaching and supporting women in breastfeeding are primarily a nurse's responsibility. Better maternity nurse staffing (fewer patients per nurse) is associated with less missed breastfeeding teaching and support and increased rates of breastfeeding. We examined the extent to which the nursing work environment, staffing, and nurse education were associated with missed breastfeeding care and how the work environment and staffing interacted to impact missed breastfeeding care.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study using the 2015 National Database of Nursing Quality Indicator survey, maternity nurses in hospitals in 48 states and the District of Columbia responded about their workplace and breastfeeding care. Clustered logistic regression models with interactions were used to estimate the effects of the nursing work environment and staffing on missed breastfeeding care.

Results:
There were 19 486 registered nurses in 444 hospitals. Nearly 3 in 10 (28.2%) nurses reported missing breastfeeding care. In adjusted models, an additional patient per nurse was associated with a 39% increased odds of missed breastfeeding care. Furthermore, 1 standard deviation decrease in the work environment was associated with a 65% increased odds of missed breastfeeding care. In an interaction model, staffing only had a significant impact on missed breastfeeding care in poor work environments.

Conclusions:
We found that the work environment is more fundamental than staffing for ensuring that not only breastfeeding care is not missed but also breastfeeding care is sensitive to nurse staffing. Improvements to the work environment support the provision of breastfeeding care.

Implications for Research and Practice:
Both nurse staffing and the work environment are important for improving breastfeeding rates, but the work environment is foundational.
Fundamentals of Competency-Based Education in Physical Therapy
Authors: Fitzpatrick Jean A. , Jensen Gail M. , Chesbro Steven B. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Competency-based education in physical therapy (CBEPT) is an approach to educational design where learner professional progression occurs only when competency is demonstrated. While much of the early focus has been within medicine, CBEPT applies to all health professionals. CBEPT assumes a set of standard defined learning performance outcomes for any level of professional practice—students, residents, or practicing physical therapists. The authors discuss the differences between traditional educational models and a CBEPT educational model, review some key terms for a shared language related to CBEPT, and discuss that while competencies and EPAs are different, they are interrelated. This foundational information and shared language will be helpful for educators to begin to prepare for a shift in physical therapy education toward a CBEPT framework.
Implementation and Clinical Outcomes of Blood Flow Restriction Training on Adults With Cerebral Palsy: A Case Series
Authors: Joyce Christopher , Aylward Brendan , Rolnick Nicholas , Lachowski Steven 
Published: May 2024

Background and Purpose:
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a congenital neurological disorder that causes musculoskeletal weakness and biomechanical dysfunctions. Strength training guidelines recommend at least 70% of 1-repetition maximum to increase muscle strength and mass. However, individuals with CP may not tolerate such high exercise intensity. Blood flow restriction (BFR) can induce similar gains in strength and muscle mass using loads as low as 20% to 30% 1-repetition maximum. This case series described the safety, feasibility, and acceptability of BFR in adults with CP and examined changes in muscle mass and strength.

Case Description:
Three male participants with gross motor function classification system level 3 CP underwent strength training using a periodized 8-week BFR protocol. Outcomes included: Safety via blood pressure during and post-BFR exercises in addition to adverse event tracking; Feasibility via number of support people and time-duration of BFR exercises; Acceptability via rate of perceived discomfort (0-10) and qualitative interviews; Muscle Mass via ultrasonographic cross-sectional area of the quadriceps and hamstring; and Strength via (1) 3-repetition maximum in the leg press and knee extension, (2) isometric knee flexor and extensor muscle force measured with a hand-held dynamometer, and (3) 30-second sit-to-stand test.

Intervention:
Participants replaced 2 exercises from their current regimen with seated knee extension and leg press exercises using progressively higher limb occlusion pressure and exercise intensity. Limb occlusion pressure started at 60%, by week 4 progressed to 80%, and then remained constant. The exercise repetition scheme progressed from fixed nonfailure repetition sets to failure-based repetition sets.

Outcomes:
Blood pressure never exceeded safety threshold, and no adverse events were reported. The BFR training was time-consuming and resource-intensive, but well-tolerated by participants (rate of perceived discomfort with a mean value of 5.8, 100% protocol adherence). Strength, as measured by 3-repetition maximum testing and 30-second sit-to-stand test, increased, but isometric muscle force and muscle mass changes were inconsistent.

Discussion:
Blood flow restriction may be an effective means to increase strength in adults with CP who cannot tolerate high-intensity resistance training. Future research should compare BFR to traditional strength training and investigate mediators of strength changes in this population.

Video Abstract available
for more insights from the authors (see the Video, Supplemental Digital Content available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A473).
Prevalence of ABO and Rhesus blood groups in Blood donors: A retrospective study from a tertiary care blood bank in Pondicherry
Authors: Simon Kingsley , Rahul Jain S , Manjineesha S 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe ABO blood group system was the first human blood group system discovered by Austrian scientist Karl Landsteiner in 1901. The ABO blood group system is divided into four blood types on the basis of presence or absence of A and B surface antigens A and B antibodies presence in the plasma. Positive and Negative of the blood group determines by presence or absence of the D antigen..ObjectivesThis study was carried out to determine the distribution pattern of blood groups among blood donors at a tertiary care hospital of PuducherryMaterials and MethodsIt is a retrospective study done a period of 5 years from May 2017 to May 2022 that includes the 9062 blood donors. Blood group done as per the standard operative procedure. Data on the ABO and Rh blood group type of all blood donors was collected and analysed.ResultThe most common ABO blood group type was Group O (38%) followed by group B (33.5%), group A (21.6%) and group AB (6.9%) and one Bombay blood group. The distribution of Rh(D) blood group type revealed 92.5% as Rh-positive and 7.5% as Rh-negative.ConclusionThe most common ABO blood group type in our region (Puducherry) is Group O followed by B and A while, AB and Bombay groups are the least common type. Knowledge of the blood group distribution pattern is essential for the effective delivery of blood banking services.
Cystic Fibrosis Australia and Phage Australia survey: Understanding clinical needs and attitudes towards phage therapy in the CF community
Authors: Lynch Stephanie , Sinclair Holly , Khatami Ameneh , Mileham Nicki , Sacher Jessica C , Zheng Jan , Lin Ruby CY , Iredell Jonathan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCystic fibrosis (CF) is the most prevalent serious inherited disease in Australia, imposing significant health risks. CF is characterised by chronic lung inflammation and recurrent pulmonary infections that increase morbidity and premature mortality rates. The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) places further challenges on the treatment and management of CF, necessitating research into alternative strategies for treatment of bacterial infections. Bacteriophage therapy, involving bacterial-specific viruses, is a potential avenue for AMR infections in patients with CF. Existing literature supports the feasibility of phage therapy in CF but there has been a gap in investigating attitudes of the CF community including affected individuals and their caregivers, regarding phage therapy. Understanding perspectives and needs of the CF community is essential for successful implementation and acceptance of novel therapies including phage therapy.We conducted a survey that encompasses responses from 112 consumers from across Australia, comprising people living with CF (38.4%), parents of affected children (49.6%), carers (6.4%), and family members (3%). The findings showed a significant reliance on antibiotics with 51.4% requiring oral, 43.4% nebulised, and 11.4% intravenous (IV) antibiotics within the preceding 2 weeks. Respondents highlighted the availability of new treatments, duration of hospitalisations and costs associated with treatment as important priorities to address. Despite an awareness of phage therapy among 62.4% of respondents, 86.4% expressed interest in obtaining more information, primarily from medical staff (66.7%). Notably, 96.0% of respondents expressed willingness to participate in phage therapy trials. The results of this survey highlighted the CF community’s strong interest in advanced therapeutic approaches, specifically phage therapy. The findings reveal a notable recognition and acceptance of phage therapy as a viable treatment option for pulmonary infections associated with CF.
High-throughput Phenotyping of Soybean Biomass: Conventional Trait Estimation and Novel Latent Feature Extraction Using UAV Remote Sensing and Deep Learning Models
Authors: Okada Mashiro , Barras Clément , Toda Yusuke , Hamazaki Kosuke , Ohmori Yoshihiro , Yamasaki Yuji , Takahashi Hirokazu , Takanashi Hideki , Tsuda Mai , Yokota Hirai Masami , Tsujimoto Hisashi , Kaga Akito , Nakazono Mikio , Fujiwara Toru , Iwata Hiroyoshi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHigh throughput phenotyping serves as a framework to reduce chronological costs and accelerate breeding cycles. In this study, we developed models to estimate the phenotypes of biomass-related traits in soybean (Glycine max) using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing and deep learning models. In 2018, a field experiment was conducted using 198 soybean germplasm accessions with known whole genome sequences under two irrigation conditions: drought and control. We used a convolutional neural network (CNN) as a model to estimate the phenotypic values of five conventional biomass-related traits: dry weight, main stem length, numbers of nodes and branches, and plant height. We utilized manually measured phenotypes of conventional traits along with RGB images and digital surface models from UAV remote sensing to train our CNN models. The accuracy of the developed models was assessed through 10-fold cross-validation, which demonstrated their ability to accurately estimate the phenotypes of all conventional traits simultaneously. Deep learning enabled us to extract features that exhibited strong correlations with the output (i.e., phenotypes of the target traits) and accurately estimate the values of the features from the input data. We considered the extracted low-dimensional features as phenotypes in the latent space and attempted to annotate them based on the phenotypes of conventional traits. Furthermore, we validated whether these low-dimensional latent features were genetically controlled by assessing the accuracy of genomic predictions. The results revealed the potential utility of these low-dimensional latent features in actual breeding scenarios.
Arabidopsis thaliana ACTIN DEPOLYMERIZING FACTORs play a role in leaf senescence regulation
Authors: Matsumoto Tomoko , Kobayashi Koichi , Inada Noriko 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTACTIN DEPOLYMERIZING FACTORs (ADFs) regulate the organization and dynamics of actin microfilaments (AFs) by cleavage and depolymerization of AFs. TheArabidopsis thalianagenome encodes 11ADFgenes grouped into four subclasses. Subclass IADFs,ADF1,-2,-3, and-4, are expressed in all vegetative tissues and are reportedly involved in the regulation of plant growth, and biotic and abiotic stress responses. Furthermore, the nuclear localization of ADF4 is seemingly important in disease responses. Here, we present data that indicate a previously unknown regulatory role of subclass I ADFs in leaf senescence.ADF4knockout mutants (adf4) and transgenic lines in which the expression of all members of subclass IADFs was downregulated (ADF1-4Ri) showed acceleration of both dark-induced and age-dependent leaf senescence. Among the eightACTINgenes encoded inA. thaliana,ACT2,-7, and-8are expressed in vegetative tissues. In contrast toadf4andADF1-4Ri, neitherACT2andACT8double mutant (act2/8), norACT7knockout mutant (act7), showed accelerated leaf senescence. Upregulation of the expression of senescence-associated genes occurred earlier inadf4andADF1-4Rilines than in wild type. Examination of the expression of subclass IADFs genes during senescence revealed a reduced expression ofADF4but not of other subclass I members. Additionally, we showed that nuclear localization of ADF4 was important for regulating leaf senescence. Altogether, our data indicate that subclass I ADFs, particularly ADF4, play an important role in the regulation of leaf senescence.
An epilepsy-associated CILK1 variant compromises KATNIP regulation and impairs primary cilia and Hedgehog signaling
Authors: Limerick Ana , McCabe Ellie A. , Turner Jacob S. , Kuang Kevin W. , Brautigan David L. , Hao Yi , Chu Cherry , Fu Sean H. , Ahmadi Sean , Xu Wenhao , Fu Zheng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMutations in humanCILK1(ciliogenesis associated kinase 1) are linked to ciliopathies and epilepsy. Homozygous point and nonsense mutations that extinguish kinase activity impair primary cilia function, whereas mutations outside the kinase domain are not well understood. Here, we produced a knock-in mouse equivalent of the humanCILK1A615T variant identified in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). This residue is in the C-terminal region of CILK1 separate from the kinase domain. Mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEF) with either heterozygous or homozygous A612T mutant alleles exhibited a higher ciliation rate, shorter individual cilia and up-regulation of ciliary Hedgehog signaling. Thus, a single A612T mutant allele was sufficient to impair primary cilia and ciliary signaling in MEFs. Gene expression profiles of wild type versus mutant MEFs revealed profound changes in cilia-related molecular functions and biological processes. CILK1 A615T mutant protein was not increased to the same level as the wild type protein when co-expressed with scaffold protein KATNIP (katanin-interacting protein). Our data show that KATNIP regulation of a JME-associated single residue variant of CILK1 is compromised and this impairs the maintenance of primary cilia and Hedgehog signaling.
From gene to structure: Unraveling genomic dark matter inCa. Accumulibacter
Authors: Xie Xiaojing , Deng Xuhan , Chen Liping , Yuan Jing , Chen Hang , Wei Chaohai , Feng Chunhua , Liu Xianghui , Qiu Guanglei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCandidatusAccumulibacter is a unique and pivotal genus of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) prevalent in wastewater treatment plants, and plays mainstay roles in the global phosphorus cycle. Whereas, the efforts toward a complete understanding of their genetic and metabolic characteristics are largely hindered by major limitations in existing sequence-based annotation methods, leaving more than half of their protein-encoding genes unannotated. To address the challenge, we developed a comprehensive approach integrating pangenome analysis, gene-based protein structure and function prediction, and metatranscriptomic analysis, extending beyond the constraints of sequence-centric methodologies. The application toCa. Accumulibacter allowed the establishment of the pan-Ca. Accumulibacter proteome structure database, providing references for >200,000 proteins.Benchmarking on 28Ca. Accumulibacter genomes showed major increases in the average annotation coverage from 51% to 83%. Genetic and metabolic characteristics that had eluded exploration via conventional methods were unraveled. For instance, the identification of a previously unknown phosphofructokinase gene suggests that allCa.Accumulibacter encoded a complete Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway. A previously defined homolog of phosphate-specific transport system accessory protein (PhoU) was actually an inorganic phosphate transport (Pit) accessory protein, regulating Pit instead of the high-affinity phosphate transport (Pst), a key to the emergence of the polyphosphate-accumulating trait ofCa.Accumulibacter. Additional lineage members were found encoding complete denitrification pathways. This study offers a readily usable and transferable tool for the establishment of high-coverage annotation reference databases for diverse cultured and uncultured bacteria, facilitating the exploration and understanding of genomic dark matter in the bacterial domain.SynopsisA integrated and advanced approach unraveling key genomic dark matter inCa. Accumulibacter and readily applicable to diverse bacteria for customerized high-coverage annotation reference database establishment