bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethanol Drinking Microstructure of a High Drinking in the Dark Selected Mouse Line
Authors: Barkley‐Levenson Amanda M. , Crabbe John C. 
Published: April 2012

BackgroundThe High Drinking in the Dark (HDID) selected mouse line was bred for high blood ethanol (EtOH) concentration (BEC) following the limited access drinking in the dark (DID) test and is a genetic animal model of binge‐like drinking. This study examines the microstructure of EtOH drinking in these mice and their control line during 3 versions of the DID test to determine how drinking structure differences might relate to overall intake and BEC.MethodsMale mice from the HDID‐1 replicate line and HS/Npt progenitor stock were tested in separate experiments on 2‐ and 4‐day versions of the DID test, and on a 2‐day 2‐bottle choice DID test with 20% EtOH and water. Testing took place in home cages connected to a continuous fluid intake monitoring system, and drinking during the DID test was analyzed for drinking microstructure.ResultsHDID‐1 mice had more drinking bouts, shorter interbout interval, larger bout size, greater total EtOH intake, and higher BECs than HS/Npt mice on the second day of the 2‐day DID test. The 4‐day DID test showed greater bout size, total EtOH intake, and BEC in the HDID‐1 mice than the HS/Npt mice. Total EtOH intake and BECs for the HDID‐1 mice in the DID tests averaged 2.6 to 3.0 g/kg and 0.4 to 0.5 mg/ml, respectively. The 2‐bottle choice test showed no genotype differences in drinking microstructure or total consumption but did show greater preference for the EtOH solution in HDID‐1 mice than HS/Npt.ConclusionsThese results suggest that inherent differences in EtOH drinking structure between the HDID‐1 and HS/Npt mice, especially the larger bout size in the HDID‐1 mice, contribute to the difference in intake during the standard DID test.
Development and validation of a prediction model for low hemoglobin deferral in a large cohort of whole blood donors
Authors: Baart A. Mireille , de Kort Wim L.A.M. , Atsma Femke , Moons Karel G.M. , Vergouwe Yvonne 
Published: April 2012

BACKGROUND: Each year, approximately 5% of the invited blood donors is eventually deferred from donation because of low hemoglobin (Hb) levels. Estimating the risk of Hb deferral in blood donors can be helpful in the management of the donation program. We developed and validated a prediction model for Hb deferral in whole blood donors, separately for men and women.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Data from a Dutch prospective cohort of 220,946 whole blood donors were used to identify predictors for Hb deferral using multivariable logistic regression analyses. Validity of the prediction models was assessed with a cross‐validation.RESULTS: A total of 12,865 donors (5.8%) were deferred because of a low Hb level. The strongest predictors of Hb deferral were Hb level measured at the previous visit, age, seasonality, difference in Hb levels between the previous two visits, time since the previous visit, deferral at the previous visit, and the total number of whole blood donations in the past 2 years for both men and women. The prediction models had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.89 for men and 0.84 for women. Cross‐validation showed similar results and good calibration.CONCLUSION: Using a limited number of easy‐to‐measure characteristics enables a good prediction of Hb deferral risk in whole blood donors. The prediction models may guide the decision which donors to invite for a next donation and for which donors the invitation should be postponed. Potentially, this could decrease the number of Hb deferrals in blood donors.
Impact of the mobilization regimen and the harvesting technique on the granulocyte yield in healthy donors for granulocyte transfusion therapy
Authors: Ikemoto Junko , Yoshihara Satoshi , Fujioka Tatsuya , Ohtsuka Yoshitoshi , Fujita Noriko , Kokubunji Akira , Okamoto Noriaki , Ono Junichiro , Taniguchi Kyoko , Kaida Katsuji , Ikegame Kazuhiro , Okada Masaya , Tanizawa Takakuni , Ogawa Hiroyasu , Kai Shunro 
Published: April 2012

BACKGROUND: Granulocyte mobilization and harvesting, the two major phases of granulocyte collection, have not been standardized.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The data on 123 granulocyte collections were retrospectively investigated for the effect of the mobilization regimen and the harvesting technique. After a single subcutaneous dose (600 µg) of granulocyte–colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) with (n = 68) or without (n = 40) 8 mg of orally administered dexamethasone, 108 granulocyte donors underwent granulocyte collections. Moreover, 15 peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) donors who had received 400 µg/m2 or 10 µg/kg G‐CSF for 5 days underwent granulocyte collections on the day after the last PBSC collections (PBSC‐GTX donors). Granulocyte harvesting was performed by leukapheresis with (n = 108) or without (n = 15) using high‐molecular‐weight hydroxyethyl starch (HES).RESULTS: Granulocyte donors who received mobilization with G‐CSF plus dexamethasone produced significantly higher granulocyte yields than those who received G‐CSF alone (7.2 × 1010 ± 2.0 × 1010 vs. 5.7 × 1010 ± 1.7 × 1010, p = 0.006). PBSC‐GTX donors produced a remarkably high granulocyte yield (9.7 × 1010 ± 2.3 × 1010). The use of HES was associated with better granulocyte collection efficiency (42 ± 7.8% vs. 10 ± 9.1%, p < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: G‐CSF plus dexamethasone produces higher granulocyte yields than G‐CSF alone. Granulocyte collection from PBSC donors appears to be a rational strategy, since it produces high granulocyte yields when the related patients are at a high risk for infection and reduces difficulties in finding granulocyte donors. HES should be used in apheresis procedures.
Vascular access for chronic hemodialysis in a patient with epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica Hallopeau‐Siemens
Authors: Sakan Sanja , Basic‐Jukic Nikolina , Tomasevic Boris , Kes Petar , Bandic Pavlovic Daniela , Peric Mladen 
Published: April 2012

AbstractEpidermolysis bullosa is a rare genetic hereditary disease characterized with mechanobullous dermatosis. Except cutaneous, these patients have various extracutaneous manifestations and some types of epidermolysis bullosa comprise almost all organ systems. Because of prolonged life span, chronic renal insufficiency has become an important cause of morbidity and death in these patients. Establishment of functional vascular dialysis access is a great challenge for both the doctors and the patients. Multidisciplinary approach is essential. We present a case of successful establishment of dialysis access via Tesio catheter in a young woman suffering from epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica Hallopeau‐Siemens and end‐stage renal disease. Since then, the Tesio catheter inserted via the right internal jugular vein has been the functional mean of dialysis. The patient was given the opportunity to lead a quality and active life in spite of disabling disease. Several cases of successful dialysis access establishment with dialysis catheters via central veins have been reported. We report the successful establishment of long‐term dialysis access via Tesio catheter and suggest this approach as ideal for these patients. This is the first report dealing with vascular access in this group of patients.
Effects of diversity and identity of the neighbouring plant community on the abundance of arthropods on individual ragwort (Jacobaea vulgaris) plants
Authors: Kostenko Olga , Grootemaat Saskia , van der Putten Wim H. , Bezemer T. Martijn 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe diversity of plant community can greatly affect the abundance and diversity of arthropods associated to that community, but can also influence the composition or abundance of arthropods on individual plants growing in that community. We sampled arthropods and recorded plant size of individual ragwort, Jacobaea vulgaris Gaertner ssp. vulgaris [synonym Senecio jacobaea L. (Asteraceae)], plants transplanted into 70 experimental grassland plots that differed in plant diversity (1–9 species) or that were kept without vegetation. The arthropod fauna was dominated by the specialist aphid Aphis jacobaeae Schrank (Hemiptera: Aphididae). The abundance of aphids on ragwort plants decreased significantly with increasing plant diversity. The abundance of other arthropod species was not affected by the diversity of the surrounding plant community. Plant size was also not affected by the diversity of the surrounding plant community, but varied significantly among monocultures. Ragwort plants were largest in monocultures of legumes. Aphid abundance on ragwort plants, however, was not related to the size of the individual ragwort plants, but was high in monocultures consisting of Tanacetum vulgare L. (Asteraceae) plants. This plant is morphologically similar to ragwort. Even though we observed significant effects of plant diversity, ragwort plants were considerably larger – and the abundance of aphids and other arthropods on ragwort plants substantially higher – in plots without vegetation than in vegetated plots. Our results show that the presence and the diversity of neighbouring plants can provide associational resistance to focal plants growing in that community. We conclude that the surrounding plant community directly affects the abundance of arthropods on focal ragwort plants, and not via the effects of neighbouring plants on the performance of the focal plants.
Impact of water fluoride concentration on the fluoride content of infant foods and drinks requiring preparation with liquids before feeding
Authors: Zohoori Fatemeh V. , Moynihan Paula J. , Omid Narges , Abuhaloob Lamis , Maguire Anne 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectivesTo measure the fluoride (F) content of infant foods and drinks requiring reconstitution with liquids prior to consumption and to determine the impact of water F concentration on their F content, as consumed, by measuring F content before and after preparation.MethodsIn total, 58 infant powdered formula milks, dry foods and concentrated drinks were prepared with deionized water (<0.02 ppm F) nonfluoridated (0.13 ppm F) and fluoridated (0.90 ppmF) water. The F concentrations of drink samples were measured directly using a fluoride‐ion‐selective electrode after addition of TISAB III, and food samples and formula milks measured indirectly by an acid diffusion method.ResultsThe overall range of F concentrations of all the nonreconstituted samples, in their prepreparation dry or concentrated forms, was from 0.06 to 2.99 μg/g with the highest F concentration for foods found in the dry ‘savoury meals’ (a combination of vegetables and chicken or cheese or rice) group. However, when the samples were reconstituted with nonfluoridated water, the mean F concentrations of prepared ‘concentrated juices’, ‘pasta and rice’, ‘breakfast cereals’, ‘savoury meals’ and ‘powdered infant formula milks’ were 0.38, 0.26, 0.18, 0.16 and 0.15 μg/g, respectively. The corresponding mean F concentrations were 0.97, 1.21, 0.86, 0.74 and 0.91 μg/g, respectively, when the same samples were prepared with fluoridated water.ConclusionAlthough some nonreconstituted infant foods/drinks showed a high F concentration in their dry or concentrated forms, the concentration of F in prepared foods/drinks primarily reflected the F concentration of liquid used for their preparation. Some infant foods/drinks, when reconstituted with fluoridated water, may result in a F intake in infants above the suggested optimum range (0.05–0.07 mg F/kg body weight) and therefore may put infants at risk of developing dental fluorosis. Further research is necessary to determine the actual F intake of infants living in fluoridated and nonfluoridated communities using reconstituted infant foods and drinks.
A blended learning approach to teaching pre‐clinical complete denture prosthodontics
Authors: Faraone K. L. , Garrett P. H. , Romberg E. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractPurposeThe current study tested the hypothesis that a blended learning curriculum would develop competency in both pre‐clinical laboratory and didactic learning with less direct supervision than in a traditional curriculum, and be positively accepted by both the students and the faculty. With the ability to efficiently deliver course material electronically came the ability to blend the traditional delivery of course material with an asynchronous approach involving online lecture presentations and online laboratory demonstrations.MethodsThe class was divided into two groups with bench space available to accommodate self‐paced learning. All audio‐visual and written support materials for both didactic and laboratory procedures were provided to the students at the beginning of the semester on a DVD. These materials included online access through the Blackboard Learning System™.ResultsStudents' performance and satisfaction in the course as well as the supporting faculty response to the course were very favourable to the new blended curriculum.ConclusionsMaking use of the technologically advanced environment, the blended curriculum fostered student‐focused learning to develop the didactic and laboratory skills necessary for competency in a pre‐clinical setting.
Effect of thermal cycling and disinfection on colour stability of denture base acrylic resin
Authors: Goiato Marcelo C. , dos Santos Daniela M. , Baptista Gabriella T. , Moreno Amália , Andreotti Agda M. , Bannwart Lisiane C. , Dekon Stefan F.C. 
Published: April 2012

doi:
10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2012.00676.x

Effect of thermal cycling and disinfection on colour stability of denture base acrylic resin
Objectives:  The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of thermal cycling and disinfection on the colour change of denture base acrylic resin.Materials and Methods:  Four different brands of acrylic resins were evaluated (Onda Cryl, QC 20, Classico and Lucitone). All brands were divided into four groups (n = 7) determined according to the disinfection procedure (microwave, Efferdent, 4% chlorhexidine or 1% hypochlorite). The treatments were conducted three times a week for 60 days. All specimens were thermal cycled between 5 and 55°C with 30‐s dwell times for 1000 cycles before and after disinfection. The specimens’ colour was measured with a spectrophotometer using the CIE L*a*b* system. The evaluations were conducted at baseline (B), after first thermal cycling (T1), after disinfection (D) and after second thermal cycling (T2). Colour differences (ΔE) were calculated between T1 and B (T1B), D and B (DB), and T2 and B (T2B) time‐points.Results:  The samples submitted to disinfection by microwave and Efferdent exhibited the highest values of colour change. There were significant differences on colour change between the time‐points, except for the Lucitone acrylic resin.Conclusions:  The thermal cycling and disinfection procedures significantly affected the colour stability of the samples. However, all values obtained for the acrylic resins are within acceptable clinical parameters.
A Highly Soluble Matrix Metalloproteinase‐9 Inhibitor for Potential Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome
Authors: Mori Mattia , De Lorenzo Emanuele , Torre Eugenio , Fragai Marco , Nativi Cristina , Luchinat Claudio , Arcangeli Annarosa 
Published: April 2012

AbstractDry eye syndrome (DES) or keratoconjunctivitis sicca is an eye disease caused by the chronic lack of lubrication and moisture of the eye. The pathogenesis of DES involves the over‐expression and over‐activity of corneal Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (MMP‐9). We propose herein a new, non‐symptomatic approach for the treatment of DES based on the inhibition of MMP‐9 by a new highly soluble molecule, designed as PES_103 that has been shown to inhibit MMP‐9 both in vitro and in vivo. The efficacy of PES_103 in vivo and the potential benefits of this treatment in restoring tear production were studied in this work using an animal model of reduced lacrimation. PES_103 did not show any significant corneal toxicity.
TNF-α, Erectile Dysfunction, and NADPH Oxidase-Mediated ROS Generation in Corpus Cavernosum in High-Fat Diet/Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Long Ting , Liu Guihua , Wang Yong , Chen Yuanbin , Zhang Yuanyuan , Qin Danian 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Patients with diabetes-associated erectile dysfunction (ED) are characterized by an increase in circulating tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). However, no study has indicated whether and how TNF-α plays a role in the pathogenesis of ED associated with diabetes.

Aim
We examined the effects and potential mechanism of infliximab (INF), a chimeric monoclonal antibody to TNF-α, on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in corpus cavernosum and ED in diabetic rats.

Methods
Four groups of male rats were used: age-matched normal controls; diabetic rats induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) combined with a single streptozotocin (STZ) injection (35 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneal [i.p.]); nondiabetic rats receiving INF (5 mg/kg body weight/week, i.p.), and diabetic rats receiving INF. Erectile function was assessed with electrical stimulation of the cavernous nerve after 8 weeks. The blood and penile tissues were harvested for plasma biochemical determinations, serum TNF-α measurement, penile ROS detection, and molecular assays of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase subunits, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), phospho-eNOS, and neural nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the penis.

Main Outcome Measures
The effect of INF on HFD/STZ-induced diabetic ED and NADPH oxidase-mediated ROS generation was studied in diabetic corpus cavernosum.

Results
Untreated diabetic rats displayed significantly decreased erectile parameters, and increased plasma TNF-α levels, penile ROS production, p47phox and gp91phox expression compared with nondiabetic controls. INF neutralized TNF-α and significantly reduced ED in diabetic rats, in which marked decreases in p47phox and gp91phox expression and ROS generation in corpus cavernosum were noted. The ratio of phospho-eNOS to eNOS and expression of nNOS in the penis were significantly increased in INF-treated vs. untreated diabetic rats.

Conclusions
Increased TNF-α expression associated with diabetes contributes to ED by promoting NAPDH oxidase-mediated ROS generation in corpus cavernosum. INF protects against diabetic ED by neutralizing TNF-α.
Thalidomide thromboprophylaxis in multiple myeloma: A review of current evidence
Authors: ALEXANDER Marliese , KIRSA Sue , MELLOR James D 
Published: April 2012

AbstractCurrently multiple antithrombotic agents are used for thalidomide thromboprophylaxis in multiple myeloma patients. Agents used include low‐dose aspirin, fixed low‐dose and therapeutic warfarin and prophylactic low molecular weight heparin. To evaluate the evidence for the efficacy and safety of aspirin, warfarin and low molecular weight heparin thromboprophylaxis in multiple myeloma patients on thalidomide a literature search was conducted in May and June 2011. Databases searched included the Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews and the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Evidence Based Medicine Reviews and Ovid MEDLINE. The search was restricted to English language articles and limited to articles published from 2005 to 2011. Most studies consisted of small prospective cohort studies not originally designed to assess thromboprophylaxis as an outcome. A single comparative randomized trial, several retrospective review articles, two meta‐analyses and two clinical practice guidelines were also identified. Current evidence fails to demonstrate a clear advantage of any particular thromboprophylaxis strategy. Results from the only prospective comparative randomized trial found no significant differences among aspirin, warfarin and low molecular weight heparin. More studies are required that consider not only efficacy and safety, but also costs, lifestyle burden and patient preference.
Stroke Subtyping for Genetic Association Studies? A Comparison of the CCS and TOAST Classifications
Authors: Lanfranconi Silvia , Markus Hugh S. 
Published: April 2012

Background A reliable and reproducible classification system of stroke subtype is essential for epidemiological and genetic studies. The Causative Classification of Stroke system is an evidence-based computerized algorithm with excellent inter-rater reliability. It has been suggested that, compared to the Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment classification, it increases the proportion of cases with defined subtype that may increase power in genetic association studies. We compared Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment and Causative Classification of Stroke system classifications in a large cohort of well-phenotyped stroke patients. Methods Six hundred ninety consecutively recruited patients with first-ever ischemic stroke were classified, using review of clinical data and original imaging, according to the Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment and Causative Classification of Stroke system classifications. Results There was excellent agreement subtype assigned by between Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment and Causative Classification of Stroke system (kappa = 0·85). The agreement was excellent for the major individual subtypes: large artery atherosclerosis kappa = 0·888, small-artery occlusion kappa = 0·869, cardiac embolism kappa = 0·89, and undetermined category kappa = 0·884. There was only moderate agreement (kappa = 0·41) for the subjects with at least two competing underlying mechanism. Thirty-five (5·8%) patients classified as undetermined by Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment were assigned to a definite subtype by Causative Classification of Stroke system. Thirty-two subjects assigned to a definite subtype by Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment were classified as undetermined by Causative Classification of Stroke system. Conclusions There is excellent agreement between classification using Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment and Causative Classification of Stroke systems but no evidence that Causative Classification of Stroke system reduced the proportion of patients classified to undetermined subtypes. The excellent inter-rater reproducibility and web-based semiautomated nature make Causative Classification of Stroke system suitable for multicenter studies, but the benefit of reclassifying cases already classified using the Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment system on existing databases is likely to be small.
Interaction between Ca2+ channel blockers and isoproterenol on L‐type Ca2+ current in canine ventricular cardiomyocytes
Authors: Farkas V. , Szentandrássy N. , Bárándi L. , Hegyi B. , Ruzsnavszky F. , Ruzsnavszky O. , Horváth B. , Bányász T. , Magyar J. , Márton I. , Nánási P. P. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAimThe aim of this work was to study antagonistic interactions between the effects of various types of Ca2+ channel blockers and isoproterenol on the amplitude of L‐type Ca2+ current in canine ventricular cells.MethodsWhole‐cell version of the patch clamp technique was used to study the effect of isoproterenol on Ca2+ current in the absence and presence of Ca2+ channel–blocking agents, including nifedipine, nisoldipine, diltiazem, verapamil, CoCl2 and MnCl2.ResultsFive micromolar Nifedipine, 1 μM nisoldipine, 10 μM diltiazem, 5 μM verapamil, 3 mM CoCl2 and 5 mM MnCl2 evoked uniformly a 90–95% blockade of Ca2+ current in the absence of isoproterenol. Isoproterenol (100 nM) alone increased the amplitude of Ca2+ current from 6.8 ± 1.3 to 23.7 ± 2.2 pA/pF in a reversible manner. Isoproterenol caused a marked enhancement of Ca2+ current even in the presence of nifedipine, nisoldipine, diltiazem and verapamil, but not in the presence of CoCl2 or MnCl2.ConclusionThe results indicate that the action of isoproterenol is different in the presence of organic and inorganic Ca2+ channel blockers. CoCl2 and MnCl2 were able to fully prevent the effect of isoproterenol on Ca2+ current, while the organic Ca2+ channel blockers failed to do so. This has to be born in mind when the effects of organic Ca2+ channel blockers are evaluated either experimentally or clinically under conditions of increased sympathetic tone.