bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poly(vinyl alcohol) films for topical delivery ofS‐nitrosoglutathione: Effect of freezing–thawing on the diffusion properties
Authors: Simões Maíra Martins de Souza Godoy , de Oliveira Marcelo Ganzarolli 
Published: January 2010

AbstractPoly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is a biocompatible polymer already used in several pharmaceutical products. The purpose of this work was to investigate the influence of freezing–thawing cycles (F/T) on thein vitrodiffusion and skin vasodilator properties ofS‐nitrosoglutathione (GSNO)‐releasing PVA films. Films subjected to 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐F/T showed an increase in crystallinity, which is associated with an increase in the radius of gyration of macropores from 155 to 180 nm. Diffusion coefficients (D) of GSNO decreased from 5.7 × 10−7to 2.0 × 10−7cm2s−1in 1 and 3 F/T films, respectively, and were inversely correlated with the increase in crystallinity, whereas 5‐F/T films showed an anomalous increase inD(5.0 × 10−7cm2s−1). Topical release of GSNO from PVA films on the skin of healthy volunteers led to local vasodilation measured by laser Doppler flowmetry. A higher increase in local blood flow was observed for 5‐F/T films reaching maximum tissue perfusion at 45 min with return toward basal level after 45 min, whereas 1‐F/T films led to a lower increase in blood flow up to 98 min. These results show that F/T treatment can be used to modulate the diffusion properties and the topical vasodilator profile of GSNO‐containing PVA films, what might allow the use of these materials as dermal wound dressings or for promoting local vasodilation in ischemic tissues. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010
Somep‐ranks related to a conic inPG(2,q)
Authors: Wu Junhua 
Published: January 2010

AbstractLet A be the incidence matrix of lines and points of the classical projective planePG(2,q) withqodd. With respect to a conic inPG(2,q), the matrix A is partitioned into 9 submatrices. The rank of each of these submatrices overFq, the defining field ofPG(2,q), is determined. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 18: 224–236, 2010
Rainbow and orthogonal paths in factorizations of Kn
Authors: Gyárfás András , Mhalla Mehdi 
Published: January 2010

AbstractFor n even, a factorization of a complete graph Kn is a partition of the edges into n−1 perfect matchings, called the factors of the factorization. With respect to a factorization, a path is called rainbow if its edges are from distinct factors. A rainbow Hamiltonian path takes exactly one edge from each factor and is called orthogonal to the factorization. It is known that not all factorizations have orthogonal paths. Assisted by a simple edge‐switching algorithm, here we show that for n⩾8, the rotational factorization of Kn, GKn has orthogonal paths. We prove that this algorithm finds a rainbow path with at least (2n+1)/3 vertices in any factorization of Kn (in fact, in any proper coloring of Kn). We also give some problems and conjectures about the properties of the algorithm. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 18: 167–176, 2010
On the classification of Hadamard matrices of order 32
Authors: Kharaghani H. , Tayfeh‐Rezaie B. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractAll equivalence classes of Hadamard matrices of order at most 28 have been found by 1994. Order 32 is where a combinatorial explosion occurs on the number of Hadamard matrices. We find all equivalence classes of Hadamard matrices of order 32 which are of certain types. It turns out that there are exactly 13, 680, 757 Hadamard matrices of one type and 26, 369 such matrices of another type. Based on experience with the classification of Hadamard matrices of smaller order, it is expected that the number of the remaining two types of these matrices, relative to the total number of Hadamard matrices of order 32, to be insignificant. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 18:328–336, 2010
Constructions of optimal variable‐weight optical orthogonal codes
Authors: Zhao Hengming , Wu Dianhua , Fan Pingzhi 
Published: January 2010

AbstractVariable‐weight optical orthogonal code (OOC) was introduced by G‐C Yang for multimedia optical CDMA systems with multiple quality of service (QoS) requirement. In this article, new infinite classes of optimal (u, W, 1, {1/2, 1/2})‐OOCs are obtained for W={3, 4}, {3, 5} and {3, 6}. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 18: 274–291, 2010
Memory bias for schema‐related stimuli in individuals with bulimia nervosa
Authors: Legenbauer Tanja , Maul Bärbel , Rühl Ilka , Kleinstäuber, Maria , Hiller Wolfgang 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis study investigates whether individuals with bulimia nervosa (BN) have a memory bias in relation to explicit memory (cued and free recall vs. verbal and pictorial recognition tasks). Twenty‐five participants diagnosed with BN and 27 normal controls (NC) were exposed to body‐related, food‐related, and neutral TV commercials, and then recall and recognition rates were assessed. Poorer recognition and recall of body‐related stimuli was found for BN in comparison to NC, suggesting a memory bias. Results are discussed in relation to previous studies, along with suggestions as to how future studies can gain more insight into dysfunctions in information processing that can lead to the maintenance of eating disorders. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 66: 302–316, 2010.
Connectivity of random regular graphs generated by the pegging algorithm
Authors: Gao Pu 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWe study the connectivity of random d‐regular graphs which are recursively generated by an algorithm motivated by a peer‐to‐peer network. We show that these graphs are asymptotically almost surely d‐connected for any even constant d⩾4. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 65: 185–197, 2010
Stars and bonds in crossing‐critical graphs
Authors: Hliněný Petr , Salazar Gelasio 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe structure of previous known infinite families of crossing‐critical graphs had led to the conjecture that crossing‐critical graphs have bounded bandwidth. If true, this would imply that crossing‐critical graphs have bounded degree, that is, that they cannot contain subdivisions of K1, n for arbitrarily large n. In this article we prove two new results that revolve around this question. On the positive side, we show that crossing‐critical graphs cannot contain subdivisions of K2, n for arbitrarily large n. On the negative side, we show that there are simple 3‐connected graphs with arbitrarily large maximum degree that are 2‐crossing‐critical in the projective plane. Although the former conjecture is now disproved in a subsequent manuscript by Dvořák and Mohar, our results are not affected, and some interesting questions remain. Namely, can the bandwidth conjecture still be true for simple 3‐connected graphs in the plane? © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 65: 198–215, 2010
Classification of edge‐transitive rose window graphs
Authors: Kovács István , Kutnar Klavdija , Marušič Dragan 
Published: January 2010

AbstractGiven natural numbers n⩾3 and 1⩽a, r⩽n−1, the rose window graph Rn(a, r) is a quartic graph with vertex set \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage[mathscr]{euscript}\footskip=0pc\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\{{{x}}_{{i}}|{{i}}\in {\mathbb{Z}}_{{n}}\} \cup \{{{y}}_{{i}}|{{i}}\in{\mathbb{Z}}_{{n}}\}$\end{document} and edge set \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage[mathscr]{euscript}\footskip=0pc\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\{\{{{x}}_{{i}},{{x}}_{{{i+1}}}\} \mid {{i}}\in {\mathbb{Z}}_n \} \cup \{\{{{y}}_{{{i}}},{{y}}_{{{i+r}}}\}\mid {{i}} \in{\mathbb{Z}}_{{n}}\}\cup \{\{{{x}}_{{{i}}},{{y}}_{{{i}}}\} \mid {{i}}\in {\mathbb{Z}}_{{{n}}}\}\cup \{\{{{x}}_{{{i+a}}},{{y}}_{{{i}}}\} \mid{{i}} \in {\mathbb{Z}}_{{{n}}}\}$\end{document}. In this article a complete classification of edge‐transitive rose window graphs is given, thus solving one of the three open problems about these graphs posed by Steve Wilson in 2001. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 65: 216–231, 2010
Homomorphism–homogeneous graphs
Authors: Rusinov Momchil , Schweitzer Pascal 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWe answer two open questions posed by Cameron and Nesetril concerning homomorphism–homogeneous graphs. In particular we show, by giving a characterization of these graphs, that extendability to monomorphism or to homomorphism leads to the same class of graphs when defining homomorphism–homogeneity. Further, we show that there are homomorphism–homogeneous graphs that do not contain the Rado graph as a spanning subgraph answering the second open question. We also treat the case of homomorphism–homogeneous graphs with loops allowed, showing that the corresponding decision problem is co–NP complete. Finally, we extend the list of considered morphism–types and show that the graphs for which monomorphisms can be extended to epimor‐phisms are complements of homomorphism–homogeneous graphs. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 65: 253–261, 2010
Job design in the context of the job market
Authors: Osterman Paul 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis paper examines issues in job design from the perspective of developments in the labor market. Among the issues considered are the impact of technological change, shifts in how work is organized, the changing balance of power between employers and employees, the growing diversity in employment practices among similarly situated firms, and the persistence of a large low wage sector in the labor market. All of this suggests that this is a dynamic and interesting time to study the interaction of job design and broader trends in the labor market. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Work design in situ: Understanding the role of occupational and organizational context
Authors: Morgeson Frederick P. , Dierdorff Erich C. , Hmurovic Jillian L. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractDespite nearly 100 years of scientific study, comparatively little attention has been given to articulating how the broader occupational and organizational context might impact work design. We seek to address this gap by discussing how aspects of the occupational and organizational context can constrain or enable the emergence of different work design features as well as influence the relationships between work design features and various outcomes. We highlight how different forms of context might impact work design and suggest that this is an important and potentially fruitful area for future work design research and theory. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An impression management perspective on job design: The case of corporate directors
Authors: Westphal James D. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn this essay I introduce a sociopolitical perspective on job design. In particular, I suggest how job design may be the subject of impression management, and illustrate this idea in the context of a specific corporate role that has received little attention in the job design literature, namely the role of corporate director. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The impact of autonomy and task uncertainty on team performance: A longitudinal field study
Authors: Cordery John L. , Morrison David , Wright Brett M. , Wall Toby D. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn this paper, we seek to account for modest and inconsistent empirical support for a positive relationship between team autonomy and team performance by proposing that team task uncertainty impacts on team performance and moderates the impact of increased autonomy. Task uncertainty is defined in terms of a team's lack of prior knowledge about which operational problems will arise when, and the best way of dealing with them. Results from a longitudinal field study of 17 wastewater treatment teams showed that higher levels of task uncertainty were initially associated with reduced performance, assessed in terms of the quality of treated effluent produced by the teams. An intervention designed to enhance team autonomy led to general improvements in team performance, though moderated by team task uncertainty. Under conditions of enhanced team autonomy, a positive relationship emerged between task uncertainty and team performance. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bioaffinity chromatography on monolithic supports
Authors: Tetala Kishore K. R. , van Beek Teris A. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractAffinity chromatography on monolithic supports is a powerful analytical chemical platform because it allows for fast analyses, small sample volumes, strong enrichment of trace biomarkers and applications in microchips. In this review, the recent research using monolithic materials in the field of bioaffinity chromatography (including immunochromatography) is summarized and discussed. After giving an introduction into affinity chromatography, information on different biomolecules (antibodies, enzymes, lectins, aptamers) that can act as ligands in bioaffinity chromatography is presented. Subsequently, the history of monoliths, their advantages, preparation and formats (disks, capillaries and microchips) as well as ligand immobilization techniques are mentioned. Finally, analytical and preparative applications of bioaffinity chromatography on monoliths are presented. During the last four years 37 papers appeared. Protein A and G are still most often used as ligands for the enrichment of immunoglobulins. Antibodies and lectins remain popular for the analysis of mainly smaller molecules and saccharides, respectively. The highly porous cryogels modified with ligands are applied for the sorting of different cells or bacteria. New is the application of aptamers and phages as ligands on monoliths. Convective interaction media (epoxy CIM disks) are currently the most used format in monolithic bioaffinity chromatography.
Direct Photopolymerisation of PEG‐Methacrylate Oligomers for an Easy Prototyping of Microfluidic Structures
Authors: Turri S. , Levi M. , Emilitri E. , Suriano R. , Bongiovanni R. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractA photocurable polymer mixture made of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) dimethacrylate and monomethacrylate is proposed as structural material for the fabrication and easy prototyping of the microfluidics for Lab‐on‐Chip (LOC) devices. The kinetics of photopolymerisation and some material properties such as its viscoelastic behaviour (by dynamic‐mechanical analysis) and surface wettability (by contact angle) were studied. The PCR biocompatibility of the PEG crosslinked material was favourably assessed by preliminary in vitro tests. A direct fabrication method of controlled geometry microchannels is finally presented by direct photopolymerisation under UV light irradiation through photomasks without the need of a master. Finally the same process was successfully used to assembly and seal the microchannels.magnified image
Gold Tailored Photosensitive Elastin‐like Polymer: Synthesis of Temperature, pH and UV‐vis Sensitive Probes
Authors: Alvarez‐Rodríguez Rubén , Arias Francisco Javier , Santos Mercedes , Testera Ana María , Rodríguez‐Cabello José Carlos 
Published: January 2010

AbstractHere, we describe a procedure to manufacture smart hybrid probes that exhibit tunable optical properties as a function of multiple environmental variations. Initially, we achieved a one‐pot synthesis of gold‐PREP (photo‐responsive elastin‐like polymer) conjugate Gold‐AzoGlu15 via reduction of auric acid in the presence of PREP AzoGlu15. Outstandingly, Gold‐AzoGlu15 exhibited pH and temperature sensitiveness. However, Gold‐AzoGlu15 was not UV‐vis sensitive. We noticed that photo‐isomerisation of azobenzene moieties in Gold‐AzoGlu15 could not be detected by UV‐vis spectroscopy. In a subsequent step, we explored the use of cyclodextrins and the formation of alkanethiol mixed‐monolayers over mother Gold‐AzoGlu15 by thiol‐place exchange reactions in order to decouple photo‐isomerisation of azobenzene from the bulk phase absorption. In this sense we achieved the synthesis of β‐cyclodextrin capped Gold‐CD‐AzoGlu15. Notable was that cis‐trans photo‐conversion of azobenzene groups in Gold‐CD‐AzoGlu15 could be successfully detected. Finally, we present the optical properties exhibited by multi‐sensitive probe Gold‐CD‐AzoGlu15 as a function of pH, temperature and UV‐vis irradiation. We think that gold‐PREP hybrids could be of great interest in the design of multi‐functional chromophore‐metal nanocomposites that operate in aqueous media for the development of multi‐stimuli sensitive detectors for biosensing applications.magnified image
Induction of Molecular Organization of Oligomers by Low‐Energy Electrons
Authors: Lau Yiu‐Ting Richard , Weng Lu‐Tao , Ng Kai‐Mo , Kempf Manuel , Altstädt Volker , Schultz Jerold M. , Chan Chi‐Ming 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWe reveal that a beam of low‐energy electrons (18 eV) can directly trigger long‐range molecular ordering of an amorphous, semi‐flexible oligomer in a few minutes without the prerequisite of pre‐orientation. A strong endothermic transition was detected with a micro‐thermal analyzer on the areas that had been exposed to the electron irradiation while the areas that were shielded from the irradiation by a protective mask remained amorphous as usual. This result suggests that long‐range molecular ordering only develops in the area of the oligomer film under electron irradiation. This is the first‐time effort to use electron irradiation to control the long‐range ordering of an amorphous organic thin film above the glass transition temperature.magnified image
Stepwise multi‐criteria and multi‐strategy design of public transit shuttles
Authors: Ceder Avishai 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe idea of designing an integrated smart public transport (transit) shuttle service is stemming from the need to overcome the problem of using an excessive number of cars arriving and parking at a train station within the same time span. This problem results in high parking demand around the train station. Moreover some potential train riders will, instead, use their cars and hence become a party to increasing the traffic congestion. The purpose of this work is to examine an innovative transit shuttle system that will comply with (i) users' needs and desires, (ii) intelligent transportation technologies, and (iii) operator's viability. In order to arrive at a design of this innovative system, new stepwise multi‐criteria and multi‐strategy concepts are developed in this work. In the search for best solution, the minimum fleet size required for the shuttle service is determined followed by a development of an optimization model and a heuristic algorithm for optimal route‐design. The findings show that the heuristic algorithm indeed provides good (optimal in the test case) results. The heuristic procedure then is implemented over medium‐ and large‐sized networks, generated randomly, and found to provide good results within a reasonable running time. At the operational level 10 different routing strategies are examined, with all the combinations of fixed/flexible routes, fixed/flexible schedules, a uni‐ or bi‐directional concept, and short‐cut (shortest path) and/or short‐turn (turn‐around) concepts. These strategies are investigated by employing a simulation model specifically developed and constructed for this purpose. This simulation model is used in a case study of Castro Valley in California in which the shuttle service is coordinated with the BART (the metro of San Francisco). Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of nociceptin receptor (NOP) agonists and antagonists
Authors: Mustazza Carlo , Bastanzio Giuditta 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe nociceptin opioid (NOP) receptor is the most recently discovered member of the family of the opioid receptors; its endogenous agonist is the peptide nociceptin. Due to the subsequent elucidation of its physiological role in both central and peripheral nervous system and in some non‐neural tissues, there is a rapidly growing interest in the pharmacological application of substances active on this receptor. Despite the current clinical use of a morphinane‐based NOP/MOP mixed ligand (buprenorphine) as an analgesic and in the treatment of drug addictions, so far just a few clinical trials have been made with selective NOP ligands. However, the perspective of their utilization is rapidly growing. Agonists can find applications in the treatment of neuropathic pain, anxiety, cough, drug addition, urinary incontinence, anorexia, congestive heart failure, hypertension; and antagonists for pain, depression, Parkinson's disease, obesity, and as memory enhancers. Besides peptide ligands, which are still subjected to many pharmacological investigations, many different chemical classes of NOP ligands have been discovered: piperidines, nortropanes, spiropiperidines, 4‐amino‐quinolines and quinazolines, and others. The new advances in establishing structure–activity relationships, also with the help of modeling studies, can permit the development of more active and selective molecules. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev 31:605‐648,2011
Prolonged ischemia increases severity of rejection in skin flap allotransplantation in rats
Authors: Shimizu Fumiaki , Okamoto Osamu , Katagiri Kazumoto , Fujiwara Sakuhei , Wei Fu‐Chan 
Published: January 2010

AbstractTo investigate the relationship between ischemic time and rejection against allotransplants, vascularized cutaneous flaps from the groin of Brown Norway rats were transplanted to Lewis rats. The ischemic time was set at 1 hour and 6 hours for comparison. Cycrosporine A was used as the immunosuppressant. The results showed more severe rejection in the 6 hours ischemic time group in vivo, and in vitro examination using mixed lymphocyte reaction assay also demonstrated a greater antidonor response in 6 hours‐ischemic group than that in 1 hour‐group. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated more MHC class II antigen expression in 6 hours‐ischemic group than in 1 hour‐group. These results suggest that longer ischemic time induces more severe rejection against allo‐transplanted tissue compared with the shorter one through an upregulation of MHC class II antigen. It is expected that these findings contribute to the studies for investigating the mechanism of rejection against the allo‐transplants. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 2010.