bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Explaining immigration casework in federal Members of Parliament's district offices in Canada
Authors: Bélanger Danièle , Garnier Adèle , Simard‐Gagnon Laurence , Lalonde Benoit 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn Canada, a majority of federal constituency offices deal primarily with immigration files. The few qualitative studies on the subject show that the resources dedicated to these files and the type of work carried out on the immigration files handled vary between offices, thus contributing to disparities in service between federal electoral districts. How can such variation be explained? Based on the quantitative analysis of unpublished administrative data, this article first highlights the diversity of files handled by constituency offices, as well as the types of intervention carried out by constituency assistants. It then aims to explain the variations in case processing according to the type of case and the volume of requests handled. Studies of constituentsʼ files received and processed at constituency office level have argued that the political ideology, gender and ethnicity of the deputy as well as the demographics of the constituency are explanatory factors. This analysis shows that in the case of immigration files, constituency demography is the most important factor, while the MP's political affiliation plays a very limited role. These results shed new light on the factors involved in the processing of immigration cases at constituency level, and add nuance to previous, mainly qualitative analyses. Our results also contribute to understanding the work of constituency offices for constituents, which appears to be far less partisan than in other countries where similar offices exist.
‘Each child must be assigned a key person’: Context and interpretation of a statutory requirement in English Early Childhood Education and Care settings
Authors: Hohmann Ulrike 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article explores whether the statutory key person policy can mediate children’s experience of fragmentation due to a variety of transitions in the English Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) sector. I explore the policy enactment in the context of another statutory requirement, the staff:child ratio, and against the backdrop of a fragmented and neoliberal ECEC system. Data are from interviews with staff in three ECEC settings and publicly available Ofsted reports. I conclude that the contemporary understanding and practice of the key person policy is less likely to address all challenges of fragmentation experienced by children. The interplay of various patterns of attendance, complex staff rotas, and the requirement to stay in ratio impacts on the ability to offer continuity of care. I suggest ways to reduce the fragmentation experienced within the existing policy framework.
Short‐ and long‐term outcomes of surgical treatment for inguinal lymph node metastasis in rectal and anal canal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ito Sono , Tsukamoto Shunsuke , Kagawa Hiroyasu , Kanemitsu Yukihide , Hiro Junichiro , Kawai Kazushige , Nozawa Hiroaki , Takii Yasumasa , Yamaguchi Tomohiro , Akagi Yoshito , Suto Takeshi , Hirano Yasumitsu , Ozawa Heita , Komori Koji , Ohue Masayuki , Toiyama Yuji , Shinji Seiichi , Minami Kazuhito , Shimizu Tomoharu , Sakamoto Kazuhiro , Uehara Kay , Sugihara Kenichi , Kinugasa Yusuke , Ajioka Yoichi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimThe significance of lymphadenectomy and its indications in patients with inguinal lymph node metastasis (ILNM) of anorectal adenocarcinoma is unclear. This study aimed to clarify the surgical outcomes and prognostic factors of inguinal lymphadenectomy for ILNM.MethodThis study included patients who underwent surgical resection for ILNM of rectal or anal canal adenocarcinoma with pathologically positive metastases between 1997 and 2011 at 20 participating centres in the Study Group for Inguinal Lymph Node Metastasis from Colorectal Cancer organized by the Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum. Clinicopathological characteristics and short‐ and long‐term postoperative outcomes were retrospectively analysed.ResultsIn total, 107 patients were included. The primary tumour was in the rectum in 57 patients (53.3%) and in the anal canal in 50 (46.7%). The median number of ILNMs was 2.34. Postoperative complications of Clavien–Dindo Grade III or higher were observed in five patients. The 5‐year overall survival rate was 38.8%. Multivariate analysis identified undifferentiated histological type (P < 0.001), pathological venous invasion (P = 0.01) and pathological primary tumour depth T0–2 (P = 0.01) as independent prognostic factors for poor overall survival.ConclusionThe 5‐year overall survival after inguinal lymph node dissection was acceptable, and it warrants consideration in more patients. Further larger‐scale studies are needed in order to clarify the surgical indications.
Impact of Kono‐S anastomosis on quality of life after ileocolic resection in Crohn's disease: an analysis from the SuPREMe‐CD trial
Authors: Cricrì Michele , Tropeano Francesca Paola , Rispo Antonio , Miele Antonio , Giglio Mariano Cesare , Castiglione Fabiana , De Palma Giovanni Domenico , Luglio Gaetano 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimCrohn's disease has debilitating effects on patients' quality of life. Currently, there are limited data on the effect of anastomotic configuration on health‐related quality of life after ileocaecal resection for Crohn's disease. This study aimed to assess the impact of Kono‐S anastomosis on quality of life after ileocolic resection, compared to the conventional side‐to‐side anastomosis.MethodPatients with primary or recurrent Crohn's disease participating in the ongoing SuPREMe‐CD trial were interviewed about quality of life using the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ). The primary endpoint was disease‐specific quality of life, assessed with IBDQ. Secondary outcomes were quality of life related to bowel symptoms, systemic symptoms, social function and emotional function.ResultsOf the 94 patients included, 51 (54%) received the conventional side‐to‐side anastomosis and 43 (46%) the Kono‐S anastomosis. Demographics were comparable between the two groups. The IBDQ was assessed at a mean follow‐up of 54.0 ± 18.7 months from surgical intervention. The mean total IBDQ score was 155.1 ± 28.07 in the conventional group and 163.8 ± 25.23 in the Kono‐S group (P = 0.11). When considering bowel symptoms and social function, mean scores were 50.7 and 23.5 in the conventional group, and 56.3 and 26.5 in the Kono‐S group (P = 0.002 and P = 0.02, respectively). Kono‐S anastomosis was independently associated with improved quality of life regarding bowel symptoms (P = 0.006) and social function (P = 0.03) after correcting for other confounding factors on linear regression analysis.ConclusionCompared to conventional side‐to‐side anastomosis, patients with Kono‐S anastomosis presented significantly better bowel symptoms and social function scores at 54 months after surgery.
Diabetes distress and depression are independently associated with gastrointestinal symptoms in type 2 diabetes in Bangladesh
Authors: Kamruzzaman M. , Horowitz M. , Polonsky W. H. , Talley N. J. , Borg M. A. , Rayner C. K. , Jones K. L. , Marathe C. S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsGastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, common in type 2 diabetes (T2D), are typically bothersome, socially embarrassing, and impact negatively on quality of life. They may also contribute to diabetes distress (DD), but this has never been formally evaluated. We aimed to investigate the relationships between GI symptoms, DD and depressive symptoms in a large cohort of individuals with T2D in Bangladesh.Materials and Methods1406 unselected T2D individuals (female 58.8%; mean age 51.0 ± 12.5 years) from four diabetes clinics in Bangladesh completed validated questionnaires evaluating GI symptoms (PAGI‐SYM), DD (DDS‐17) and depressive symptoms (PHQ‐9).Results31.1% of participants reported GI symptoms (36.2% females, 23.7% males), while 51.1% had elevated DD and 37.8% depressive symptoms. GI symptoms exhibited independent relationships with both DD and depressive symptoms, and their likelihood was higher among those with DD (OR: 3.6 [2.2–5.6] and with depressive symptoms (OR: 5.9 [3.5–9.9]).ConclusionsGI symptoms are independently associated with both DD and depressive symptoms in people with T2D in Bangladesh.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of ketamine in pediatric status epilepticus
Authors: Chiriboga Nicolas , Spentzas Thomas , Abu‐Sawwa Renad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveStatus epilepticus (SE) is a common neurological medical emergency in the pediatric population, with 10%–40% of cases progressing to refractory SE (RSE), requiring treatment with anesthetic infusions. We present a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the use of ketamine for the treatment of pediatric SE and its potential advantages over other anesthetic infusions.MethodsThis review follows the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses) statement. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Ovid, Embase, and Google Scholar, were searched with the keywords “pediatrics,” “status epilepticus,” and “ketamine treatment.” Randomized trials, prospective and retrospective cohort studies, and case reports were considered for inclusion.ResultsEighteen publications met the initial inclusion criteria. The 18 publications comprise 11 case reports, one nonconclusive clinical trial, two case series, and four retrospective cohorts. After excluding the case reports because of reporting bias, only the six case series and cohorts were included in the final analysis. There were 172 patients in the six included studies. The weighted age was 9.93 (SD = 10.29) years. The weighted maximum dose was 7.44 (SD = 9.39) mg/kg/h. SE cessation was attained in 51% (95% confidence interval = 43–59) of cases with the addition of ketamine. The heterogeneity was I2 = 0%, t2 = 0, χ2 (5) = 3.39 (p = .64).SignificancePediatric RSE is difficult to treat, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. Without strong recommendations and evidence regarding preferred agents, this review provides evidence that ketamine may be considered in managing SE in the pediatric population.
EstablishMed, a dataset of transition probabilities for woody plant establishment in the Mediterranean Region
Authors: Acevedo‐Limón Lucía , Rumeu Beatriz , Bracho‐Estévanez Claudio A. , González‐Varo Juan P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMotivationPlant establishment is the result of sequential demographic processes, namely post‐dispersal seed survival, seed germination, seedling survival and sapling survival. These processes can be quantified as transition probabilities between life stages through field experiments, and their product provides an overall establishment probability. This information is essential to understand demography within populations and plant colonization potential under global change scenarios. The Mediterranean Region constitutes a biodiversity hotspot characterised by severe summer droughts, which suppose a critical demographic bottleneck for perennial plant establishment. Despite many studies have quantified transition probabilities of woody species in this region, information is scattered through the literature and has not yet been compiled. To fill this gap, we collated data from a systematic literature review and completed them with new unpublished data to create the EstablishMed dataset.Main types of variables containedEstablishMed is a compilation of 4728 records of transition probabilities that quantify demographic processes operating during plant establishment. All records belong to native species and were obtained in situ under field conditions. Each record includes information about the specific spatiotemporal context of the study (i.e., year, site, population, habitat and microhabitat) and the experimental procedures employed (e.g., degree of protection against natural enemies). In addition, we included taxonomic and trait information of the study species (i.e., seed mass, dispersal syndrome and life form), and the bioclimate of the study sites.Spatial location and grainThe dataset covers the whole Mediterranean Region. The finest spatial resolution corresponds to microhabitat types within populations.Time period and grainData were extracted from 271 studies originated between 1991 and 2024.Major taxa and level of measurement134 woody species from 80 genera and 39 families.Software formatEstablishMed is available in .csv format in Dryad repository.
Uneven geographies of COVID‐19: Reviewing geographical research agendas and concepts from a syndemics perspective
Authors: Butsch Carsten , Everts Jonathan , Bork‐Hüffer Tabea 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBuilding upon a review of geographic research agendas and concepts related to the uneven geographies of COVID‐19, this first of three articles debates the benefits of geographic analyses to the syndemic approach and, vice versa, of a syndemics perspective to geographic analyses. The syndemics perspective was proposed by critical medical anthropologists. It seeks to deepen the understanding of the structural dimensions and processes that lead to the convergence and cascading of multiple epidemics in specific population groups. Geographers have also highlighted the intersections of multiple health or other crises during COVID‐19, when the pandemic and global health emergency coincided with and escalated existing structural inequalities produced by the climate crisis, environmental degradation, political conflicts and war, socio‐economic disparities and poverty, social divisions, racism, hatred and violence, mental health problems and stress. Geographers have mobilized concepts such as scale, territory, borders and intersectionality to unravel the uneven unfolding and consequences of the global health emergency for diverse population groups. We therefore argue that geography has a lot to contribute to the understanding of the spatial and contextual dimensions of COVID‐19 as a pandemic as well as a syndemic – but it has so far not actively employed the latter concept's analytical lens. Mobilizing the syndemics approach can contribute to more comprehensive accounts of the structural dimensions and processes that continue and cascade in pandemics.
Establishing a standing patient advisory board in family practice research: A qualitative evaluation from patients' and researchers' perspectives
Authors: Engler Jennifer , Engler Fabian , Gerber Meike , Brosse Franziska , Voigt Karen , Mergenthal Karola 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionPatient and public involvement is vital for high‐quality research. Integrating patients' and providers' perspectives early in research enhances the feasibility and relevance of study results. Within our family practice‐based research network ForN, we established a standing patient advisory board (PAB) to include patients with diverse conditions and experiences. In this paper, we aim to describe the establishment and functioning of a standing PAB in family medicine research from patients' and researchers' perspectives.MethodsAfter each PAB meeting, patients and researchers were asked to name anonymously positive and challenging moments in a feedback form with open questions. Researchers were also asked to reflect on how they implemented the discussion content in their research projects. The responses from both groups were transferred to MAXQDA 2018 and analyzed separately using thematic analysis.ResultsWe analyzed 40 feedback forms from patients and 14 feedback forms from researchers. The dominant theme in the patients' feedback was ‘exchange’: They positively emphasized the ‘exciting and open discussions’ and the exchange of perspectives with one another and researchers. The clarity of the researchers' presentations and the research topics were appreciated. Researchers also positively highlighted the open atmosphere of the discussions. Presenting their research to the PAB helped most researchers reflect on their research topics from patients' perspectives and implement changes. However, researchers also mentioned several barriers to the implementation of PAB members’ feedback.ConclusionThe establishment of a standing PAB in family practice research is feasible and productive both from patients' and researchers' perspectives.Patient or Public ContributionThis study reports the evaluation of the establishment of a standing PAB in family practice research. Board members are involved in the design of studies, the co‐production of interventions and information material, and the interpretation of data.
Clinical outcomes of chronic myeloid leukaemia patients taking asciminib through a Managed Access Programme (MAP) in Australia
Authors: Chee Lynette , Lee Nora , Grigg Andrew , Chen Melissa , Schwarer Anthony , Szer Jeff , Ratnasingam Sumita , Raj Sonia , Lukito Pohan , Yeung David , Hughes Timothy , Shanmuganathan Naranie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAsciminib is a novel allosteric STAMP (specifically targets the ABL myristoyl pocket) inhibitor of the BCR::ABL1 oncogene. Real‐world clinical outcomes of patients with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)‐resistant/intolerant chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) in Australia on the Managed Access Programme for asciminib showed higher molecular responses for those with intolerance versus resistance ± intolerance to their last TKI. There remains a clinical need to improve outcomes in patients with CML who have resistance to multiple TKIs, especially in the ponatinib‐pretreated cohort.
Was this part of the plan? Examining self‐control, planning, and interruptions
Authors: Fedele Dominic J. , Converse Patrick D. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractInterruptions are a common and consequential issue for many individuals in organizational settings. Limited preliminary work suggests that certain individuals may be more susceptible to workplace interruptions but little is known about the nature and implications of these linkages with individual differences. This study examines dispositional self‐control as a predictor of workplace intrusions, focusing on (a) both intrusion frequency and severity, (b) planning as a potential mechanism, and (c) implications for task performance and work‐related stress. Participants (N = 164) first completed a measure of dispositional self‐control and then completed daily surveys for one workweek measuring planning, frequency and severity of intrusions, task performance, and work‐related stress. Results indicated that self‐control predicted both intrusion frequency and severity. In addition, both intrusion frequency and severity were found to be related to performance and stress. However, no indirect effects involving planning were found. These findings support the notion that individual differences in self‐control predict the experience of workplace intrusions; indicate that more‐conscious/effortful mechanisms (e.g., planning) may not play a prevalent role in this relationship, indirectly suggesting that less‐conscious/effortful mechanisms (e.g., habits) could be more relevant; and demonstrate that intrusion severity may be just as detrimental as intrusion frequency.
An evaluation of outpatient service provision in the National Health Service in Great Britain: A freedom of information request
Authors: Abelleyra Lastoria Diego Agustín , Sanderson Amelia , Mangion Doreen , Hing Caroline Blanca 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRationaleThe National Health Service (NHS) Long Term Plan was published in January 2019. One of its objectives was restructuring outpatient services, as part of an Outpatient Transformation initiative. Monitoring of trusts' adherence to the objectives of the Long Term Plan is therefore required to benchmark progress against national objectives.Aims and ObjectivesWe aimed to explore whether outpatient transformation initiatives and phlebotomy services that are managed by outpatients are appropriately staffed and to evaluate trusts' adherence to the objectives outlined in the Long Term Plan.MethodA freedom of information (FOI) request was sent in January 2023 to 153 trusts across Great Britain (time span: 1 January 2022–31 December 2022). Parameters requested included number of outpatients seen/discharged, phlebotomy episodes, number of sites/wards covered by phlebotomy, target/actual did not attend (DNA) rates, time since inception of the outpatient transformation project (OTP), advice and refer (A&R) and patient‐initiated follow‐up (PIFU), phlebotomy and outpatient managerial establishment and use of electronic notes and patient portals.ResultsA total of 117 trusts (76.5%) provided responses to the FOI request. The mean number of new outpatients seen face‐to‐face was 185,810. Of 73 trusts reporting both actual and target DNA rates, 62 (84.9%) did not meet their DNA targets. The actual DNA rate was significantly greater than the target DNA rate across trusts (p < 0.001, mean: 8.8% vs. 6.5%, respectively). A total of 58 different electronic systems and 29 patient portals were utilised across trusts. Thirty‐six trusts (30.3%) did not have an outpatient transformation project manager and 16 trusts (13.7%) did not initiate an OTP. With phlebotomy provision, the mean number of outpatient phlebotomy episodes was lower than inpatient episodes (83,383 vs. 91,020, respectively).ConclusionThere are deficiencies in current outpatient establishments that may hinder the achievement of objectives set in the NHS Long Term Plan. Changes at all levels of healthcare are required, with increased reliance on technologies and investment in support for transformation management.
Shifting Gears Amid COVID‐19: Information Availability, Pandemic Imprints and Firms’ PPE Production
Authors: Liu Yang , Marquis Christopher 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe examine the role of available information in imprinting processes and investigate how a significant environmental shock can have long‐lasting effects on the future decision‐making of corporate leaders. We argue that information about local infection rates of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in 2003 left a pandemic imprint on those who were young adults at that time. The more strongly imprinted corporate leaders would then be more alert to and respond faster to the COVID‐19 outbreak in 2020, a new but similar infectious disease. We study this connection by examining a sample of Chinese publicly traded firms’ initiation of personal protective equipment (PPE) production. We further argue that past informational factors, such as media sentiment regarding the SARS outbreak in 2003, and more recent contemporary informational factors, such as media sentiment about COVID‐19 and online‐reported population mobility from Wuhan, China, where the COVID‐19 outbreak started, influenced the strength of the imprinting effects. Results support our hypotheses, and we discuss contributions to imprinting theory as well as the literature on media in authoritarian regimes.
Weak redistribution and certainty equivalent domination
Authors: Gauthier Stéphane , Laroque Guy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe assess optimal deterministic nonlinear income taxation in a Mirrlees economy with a continuum of risk‐averse agents whose utilities are quasilinear in labor. A weak redistribution motive makes random taxes more likely socially dominated by the deterministic policy where after‐tax income lotteries are replaced with their certainty equivalents.