bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA methylation reprogramming in teleosts
Authors: Matlosz Sébastien , Franzdóttir Sigríður R. , Pálsson Arnar , Jónsson Zophonías O. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEarly embryonic development is crucially important but also remarkably diverse among animal taxa. Axis formation and cell lineage specification occur due to both spatial and temporal control of gene expression. This complex system involves various signaling pathways and developmental genes such as transcription factors as well as other molecular interactants that maintain cellular states, including several types of epigenetic marks. 5mC DNA methylation, the chemical modification of cytosines in eukaryotes, represents one such mark. By influencing the compaction of chromatin (a high‐order DNA structure), DNA methylation can either repress or induce transcriptional activity. Mammals exhibit a reprogramming of DNA methylation from the parental genomes in the zygote following fertilization, and later in primordial germ cells (PGCs). Whether these periods of methylation reprogramming are evolutionarily conserved, or an innovation in mammals, is an emerging question. Looking into these processes in other vertebrate lineages is thus important, and teleost fish, with their extensive species richness, phenotypic diversity, and multiple rounds of whole genome duplication, provide the perfect research playground for answering such a question. This review aims to present a concise state of the art of DNA methylation reprogramming in early development in fish by summarizing findings from different research groups investigating methylation reprogramming patterns in teleosts, while keeping in mind the ramifications of the methodology used, then comparing those patterns to reprogramming patterns in mammals.
Variation in insect community structure between natural and constructed tidal marshes
Authors: Fromenthal Emily , Rinehart Shelby A. , Dybiec Jacob , Cherry Julia A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Insects perform important ecological roles that influence ecosystem functions, including primary production and nutrient cycling. Likewise, wetland ecosystems perform important functions and provide numerous services, yet they are highly vulnerable to loss. Wetland restoration and construction can provide habitat for insects and other organisms and recover ecosystem functions. While the community structure of plants and non‐insect macroinvertebrates in restored and constructed wetlands often fails to recover to comparable levels of reference wetlands, less is known about the recovery of insect communities in restored wetlands.
We aimed to determine if differences in biological structure (i.e., plant biomass and soil organic matter) between one reference and two constructed Juncus roemerianus‐dominated tidal marshes extend to their respective insect communities. We classified insect communities into taxonomic families and functional feeding groups in one reference marsh and two constructed marshes in Alabama, USA.
Sampling methods included replicated pan trapping, line‐transect netting, floral observations and floral clippings. We also conducted light trapping at one site per marsh. All insect taxa and functional groups were identified monthly from April to October 2021 and analysed for taxon richness, abundance and H′ diversity. Floral density and herbivory scars on J. roemerianus shoots were also measured during flowering and peak growing seasons, respectively.
While insect abundance and taxon richness were similar among sites, the reference marsh generally supported a more diverse insect community than the constructed marshes, although nocturnal flying insects were less diverse. Additionally, temporal shifts in community composition, based on relative abundances of insect taxa and functional feeding groups, differed among marshes, likely reflecting differences in habitats in the surrounding landscapes of each site.
By comparing structural differences (i.e., taxonomic and functional) of insect communities in reference and constructed marshes, we can further understand the community composition of an understudied group of organisms, thereby informing restoration strategies to recover habitat and support the health of tidal marshes.
Effectiveness of video‐based psychiatric rehabilitation for patients with early‐phase schizophrenia spectrum: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhou Chunfen , Li Haimin , Zhang Zhuoqiu , Li Shuiying , Wu Shuang , Dai Youran , Zhang Xiuying , Lai Hua , Zhou Qian , Yang Mengshu , Zuo Xiaofeng , Ning Jinna , Wu Jiaxin , Zheng Tianfen , Li Na , Liu Ling , Zou Xuemin , Liu Lifang , Luo Xiaoqi , Yang Jie , Wang Yi , Zheng Lulu , Luo Ya , Chen Ying , Deng Hong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimThis study aimed to establish a comprehensive set of recovery‐oriented rehabilitation programs for individuals with schizophrenia, comparing the efficacy of video‐based rehabilitation to traditional face‐to‐face interventions. The primary objective was to assess whether video‐based rehabilitation could serve as a viable alternative for individuals with schizophrenia residing in remote areas.MethodsA randomized controlled study was used to recruit 80 patients with schizophrenia in a stable post‐hospitalization stage following discharge. Participants were categorized into three groups: 24 in the control group, 21 in the face‐to‐face group, and 35 in the remote group. Assessment parameters included psychiatric symptoms, social skills, family function and self‐stigma.ResultsA total of 68 participants completed the program. The findings indicated significant differences (p < .05) between the control group and intervention group, particularly in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP).ConclusionsThe rehabilitation program, tailored for patients in the early phase of the schizophrenia spectrum, demonstrates both effectiveness and feasibility in enhancing clinical symptoms and social functions. Notably, interventions conducted via video proved to be equally effective as those administered face‐to‐face.
New host plant records for Ripersiella hibisci (Hemiptera: Rhizoecidae) following recent outbreaks in Europe
Authors: Suffert Muriel , Chérasse Sarah , Ouvrard David 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis short note reviews reports from outbreaks of Ripersiella hibisci (Hemiptera: Rhizoecidae) in Europe between 2021 and 2023. This species was recorded from 21 new host plants across 11 families, including three families not previously known to include hosts of R. hibisci (Cactaceae, Cornaceae, Solanaceae). The updated host list allows better understanding of the species’ ecology and provides useful information for policy makers for when they define phytosanitary regulations for pest management.
Application of therapeutic ultrasonic waves across the dialyzer membrane: A pilot study on the impact on dialyzer clearance and safety
Authors: Namagondlu Seetharamaiah Girish , Marisiddappa Limesh , Dhareshwar Shashank , Rani Savitha , Das Nikhil 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionProgressive clogging of the dialyzer membrane during hemodialysis can compromise solute removal efficiency. Existing solutions fall short in addressing intradialytic reduction of dialyzer clearance. This pilot study aims to assess the impact and safety of applying therapeutic ultrasonic waves to dialyzers for mitigating intradialytic clogging.MethodsIn this pilot study, 15 stable maintenance hemodialysis patients (12 males and 3 females) were enrolled. Each patient served as their own control. They underwent one session of hemodialysis with the application of therapeutic ultrasonic waves (Ultrasonic session) and were crossed‐over to a second session without the use of ultrasonic waves (Control session). All the study sessions operated at a fixed dialysate flow rate of 500 mL/min and a blood flow rate of 250 or 300 mL/min. The adequacy of dialysis achieved during each session was monitored using Online Clearance Monitoring of the dialysis machines, and clearance K values, varying between 135 and 209 mL/min, were recorded, and plotted. A direct comparison between Control and Ultrasonic sessions was performed to assess the impact and safety of using ultrasonic waves during hemodialysis.FindingsThe mean percentage decline in dialyzer clearance values was 4.41% for Ultrasonic sessions (SD: 5.3) and 12.69% for Control sessions (SD: 6.35) (p‐value <0.001). This indicates that the application of ultrasonic waves reduced the decline in clearance values. The mean differences of the blood component parameters were comparable between both Ultrasonic sessions and Control sessions, suggesting the safety of utilizing ultrasonic waves during dialysis. Microscopic membrane analysis corroborated the safety.DiscussionIntradialytic clogging of dialyzer membranes is a significant problem that can cause dialysis inadequacy. Our study tackles this issue by introducing therapeutic ultrasonic waves to improve dialyzer clearance during hemodialysis sessions in patients.
Deploying fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and sensitivity analysis to identify and prioritize the barriers faced by early‐career social science researchers during research collaborations
Authors: Jha Sonika , Singh Anil Kumar , Chauhan Rajneesh 
Published: May 2024

AbstractResearch is about an individual's intellectual acumen and rationality, and inter‐researcher collaboration capability magnifies the outcomes. Despite common belief, there exist fundamental asymmetries in the goals, orientations and expectations among the research collaborators. Seldom studied in‐depth and empirically validated, the challenges and barriers faced by early‐career researchers (ECRs) in social sciences are crucial to understand. In this study, we aim to identify, categorize and rank the order of priority of the research collaboration barriers and their sub‐barriers. This analysis highlights which barrier is likely to impact the research collaboration outcome more as compared to other barriers, as seen through the pairwise comparison. We contribute to the literature on research collaborations by providing a much‐needed assessment of the barriers faced by ECRs in social sciences to develop a nuanced understanding of the dynamics within collaboration research. Key barriers identified and explored in this research relate to research design, interpersonal and interprofessional relationships, team‐level dynamics, spatial and temporal factors, cultural differences and institutional variables. The fuzzy AHP tool was used to prioritize and rank the barriers, check the consistency ratio and then perform the sensitivity analysis. Research design barriers emerged as the most challenging barrier to research collaborations, implying researchers place huge emphasis on the compatibility of research goals, objectives, paradigms and perspectives. The study provides insights for individuals/institutions leading and managing research collaborations into improving the collaborative dynamics in social sciences.
Porocarcinomas with PAK1/2/3 fusions: a series of 12 cases
Authors: Kervarrec Thibault , Westphal Danna , Pissaloux Daniel , Legrand Mélanie , Tirode Franck , Neuhart Anne , Drouot Francoise , Becker Jürgen C , Macagno Nicolas , Seris Alice , Jouary Thomas , Beltzung Fanny , Jullie Marie‐Laure , Harms Paul W , Cribier Bernard , Mourah Samia , Jouenne Fanélie , Fromont Gaelle , Louveau Baptiste , Mancini Maxence , Kazakov Dmitry V , de la Fouchardière Arnaud , Battistella Maxime 
Published: May 2024

AimsPorocarcinoma is a malignant sweat gland tumour differentiated toward the upper part of the sweat duct and may arise from the transformation of a preexisting benign poroma. In 2019, Sekine et al. demonstrated the presence of YAP1::MAML2 and YAP1::NUTM1 fusions in most poromas and porocarcinomas. Recently, our group identified PAK2‐fusions in a subset of benign poromas. Herein we report a series of 12 porocarcinoma cases harbouring PAK1/2/3 fusions.Methods and ResultsFive patients were male and the median age was 79 years (ranges: 59–95). Tumours were located on the trunk (n = 7), on the thigh (n = 3), neck (n = 1), or groin area (n = 1). Four patients developed distant metastases. Microscopically, seven cases harboured a benign poroma component and a malignant invasive part. Ductal formations were observed in all, while infundibular/horn cysts and cells with vacuolated cytoplasm were detected in seven and six tumours, respectively. In three cases, the invasive component consisted of a proliferation of elongated cells, some of which formed pseudovascular spaces, whereas the others harboured a predominant solid or trabecular growth pattern. Immunohistochemical staining for CEA and EMA confirmed the presence of ducts. Focal androgen receptor expression was detected in three specimens. Whole RNA sequencing evidenced LAMTOR1::PAK1 (n = 2), ZDHHC5::PAK1 (n = 2), DLG1::PAK2, CTDSP1::PAK1, CTNND1::PAK1, SSR1::PAK3, CTNNA1::PAK2, RNF13::PAK2, ROBO1::PAK2, and CD47::PAK2. Activating mutation of HRAS (G13V, n = 3, G13R, n = 1, Q61L, n = 2) was present in six cases.ConclusionOur study suggests that PAK1/2/3 fusions is the oncogenic driver of a subset of porocarcinomas lacking YAP1 rearrangement.
Oxidised porous starch carrier for caffeine delivery: preparation, characterisation, and in vitro release
Authors: Zhu Jiaqian , Wang Haifeng , Fu Yuying 
Published: May 2024

SummaryThis work established an oxidised porous starch carrier system for the administration of caffeine by selectively oxidising the main hydroxyl groups at the C6 positions of porous starch to carboxyl groups using 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidoxyl (TEMPO) oxidation. The loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency of oxidised porous starch on caffeine rose as the oxidation degree (0%–90%) increased, increasing by 4.66 and 4.95 times, respectively, at 90% oxidation. The crystallinity of porous starch diminished after TEMPO oxidation, while the crystalline caffeine transferred into an amorphous state when loaded onto oxidised porous starch. Following oxidation, the absolute value of porous starch surface potential rose, enabling the granules avoided aggregation. Caffeine formed tighter bonds with oxidised porous starch in acidic conditions due to the dissociation of carboxyl groups, which lead to a peak loading capacity (8.02%) of oxidised porous starch with 90% oxidation at pH 4. Electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonds were the driving forces. Long‐term gastrointestinal release of caffeine was achieved utilising oxidised porous starch as carriers.
Replacement of alkaline phosphate with flaxseed cake and its impact on mortadella's technological, oxidative, microbiological, and sensory aspects
Authors: Pinton Mariana Basso , dos Santos Bibiana Alves , Correa Leticia Pereira , Cargnin Gregório , Cichoski Alexandre José , da Silva Leila Picolli , Lorenzo José Manuel , Campagnol Paulo Cezar Bastianello 
Published: May 2024

SummaryThis study explored the replacement of alkaline phosphate (AP) with flaxseed cake (FC) in mortadella, assessing the impact on technological, oxidative, microbiological, and sensory properties. The inclusion of FC proved promising in maintaining emulsion stability, cooking loss, and water‐holding capacity and did not significantly affect colour characteristics, as indicated by the ΔE values (<5). Sensory analysis validated the substitution, highlighting the absence of a sandy texture sensation and FC's ability to suppress sensory defects caused by the removal of AP. However, adding FC decreased texture parameters such as hardness and cohesiveness, which can be leveraged in formulating products for specific niches, like older adults. Adding FC did not favour mesophilic aerobic and lactic acid bacteria growth. Nevertheless, the TBARS values of the mortadellas with FC increased (peaking at 0.5 mg MDA kg−1), but the sensory detection limit was not reached even at the end of storage.
Television watching during meals is associated with higher ultra‐processed food consumption and higher free sugar intake in childhood
Authors: Martín‐Calvo Nerea , Usechi Ane , Fabios Elise , Gómez Santiago Felipe , López‐Gil José Francisco 
Published: May 2024

SummaryBackgroundThe consumption of ultra‐processed foods (UPFs) is associated with an increased risk of noncommunicable diseases and mortality in adults. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between mealtime television (TV) watching and UPF consumption in childhood.Materials and MethodsParticipants in the SENDO project recruited in 2015–2023 were classified into three categories based on the frequency at which they watched TV during meals. Dietary information was collected with a validated 147‐item semi‐quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Generalized mixed models were used to compare mean UPF consumption between groups after accounting for the main confounders. The predictive margins of participants who had a free sugar intake >10% of their energy intake in each category were also calculated.ResultsTotally 970 subjects (482 girls) with a mean age of 5.00 years (SD = 0.85) were studied. Children who watched TV during meals ≥4 times/week consumed a mean of 4.67% more energy from UPF than those who watch TV <3 times/month. The adjusted proportions of children who had a free sugar intake >10% of their energy intake in the categories of <3 times/month, 1–3 times/week and ≥4 times/week exposure to TV during meals were 44.9%, 45.9% and 58.7%, respectively.ConclusionTV watching during meals is associated with higher consumption of UPFs and a higher risk of exceeding 10% of TEI in free sugar intake in childhood.
Real‐world treatment patterns and quality of life among patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma living in Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Taiwan, and Turkey
Authors: Cheng Li‐Jen , Kim Janet , Mukherjee Apurba , Milloy Neil , Unsworth Mia , Ng Daniel 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesTo evaluate demographic and clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and quality of life in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma in Asia.MethodsData were drawn from the Adelphi Real World Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Disease Specific Programme™, a cross‐sectional survey of medical oncologists/urologists and their adult patients in Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Taiwan, and Turkey. Exploratory patient‐reported outcomes included the EQ‐5D visual analog scale, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life of Patient Questionnaire global health, and Brief Pain Inventory. Analyses were descriptive.ResultsOverall, 175 physicians reported data for 988 patients. Mean (standard deviation) patient age was 66.3 (10.8) years, 77% were men, and 82% had bladder tumors at diagnosis. Of patients receiving first‐ (n = 988), second‐ (n = 290), and third‐line (n = 87) treatments, 81%, 35%, and 59% received chemotherapy, respectively, and 17%, 63%, and 34% received programmed cell death protein 1/ligand 1 inhibitors, respectively. Patient‐reported (n = 319) mean (standard deviation) EQ‐5D visual analog scale score was 51.8 (15.6), European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life of Patient Questionnaire global health status score was 44.6 (19.9), and Brief Pain Inventory score was 6.5 (1.9; n = 315).ConclusionThe most common first‐ and second‐line treatments for locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma were chemotherapy and programmed cell death protein 1/ligand inhibitors, respectively. At third line, 10% of patients received best supportive care alone, underscoring an unmet need for effective third‐line treatment options. Patients in all regions reported quality‐of‐life impairment.
Differential regulation of G protein‐coupled receptor‐associated proteins in the caudate and the putamen of cynomolgus macaques following chronic ethanol drinking
Authors: Neel Anna I. , Wang Yutong , Sun Haiguo , Liontis Katherine E. , McCormack Mary C. , Mayer Jonathan C. , Cervera Juanes Rita P. , Davenport April T. , Grant Kathleen A. , Daunais James D. , Chen Rong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe dorsal striatum is composed of the caudate nucleus and the putamen in human and non‐human primates. These two regions receive different cortical projections and are functionally distinct. The caudate is involved in the control of goal‐directed behaviors, while the putamen is implicated in habit learning and formation. Previous reports indicate that ethanol differentially influences neurotransmission in these two regions. Because neurotransmitters primarily signal through G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) to modulate neuronal activity, the present study aimed to determine whether ethanol had a region‐dependent impact on the expression of proteins that are involved in the trafficking and function of GPCRs, including G protein subunits and their effectors, protein kinases, and elements of the cytoskeleton. Western blotting was performed to examine protein levels in the caudate and the putamen of male cynomolgus macaques that self‐administered ethanol for 1 year under free access conditions, along with control animals that self‐administered an isocaloric sweetened solution under identical operant conditions. Among the 18 proteins studied, we found that the levels of one protein (PKCβ) were increased, and 13 proteins (Gαi1/3, Gαi2, Gαo, Gβ1γ, PKCα, PKCε, CaMKII, GSK3β, β‐actin, cofilin, α‐tubulin, and tubulin polymerization promoting protein) were reduced in the caudate of alcohol‐drinking macaques. However, ethanol did not alter the expression of any proteins examined in the putamen. These observations underscore the unique vulnerability of the caudate nucleus to changes in protein expression induced by chronic ethanol exposure. Whether these alterations are associated with ethanol‐induced dysregulation of GPCR function and neurotransmission warrants future investigation.image
Full household equilibrium
Authors: Opocher Arrigo , Steedman Ian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDeveloping ideas suggested by James Meade, Harry Johnson and Neil Laing, we argue that when one compares alternative long‐period positions, as in the work‐horse two commodity, two primary input model, the household's expenditure and the prices of the commodities purchased cannot be treated as independent variables. We call such a full adaptation of households to consistent price configurations ‘full household equilibrium’. It is found that, at both the household and the aggregate levels, the purchased quantity of a ‘normal’ commodity can increase when its relative price rises. This basic result is readily applied both to aspects of welfare theory and to international trade theory.
Identification of efficient inbred testers to strengthen established heterotic groups in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum [L.] R. Br)
Authors: Papanna Rakshith , Gupta Shashi Kumar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPearl millet has two major heterotic groups, HGB (Heterotic Group B) and HGR (Heterotic Group R), each with unique genetic backgrounds and traits. Leveraging appropriate genetic resources is crucial for enhancing the potential of these heterotic groups in hybrid breeding programmes. Testers are essential in this context, determining the combining ability of new breeding lines and accurately assessing the performance and potential of parental lines in hybrid combinations. Two sets of test crosses were produced using line × tester mating design: Set 1 with six HGB testers crossed with new restorer lines and Set 2 with six HGR testers crossed with new seed parental lines, evaluated at multiple locations in India. Testers were evaluated for their effectiveness using multiple criteria, such as rank correlation analysis for line performance in hybrid combinations, discrimination ability, general combining ability, per se performance and Biplot analysis. These assessments determined their relative ranking, with HGB1‐T3, HGB2‐T3, HGR1‐T1 and HGR2‐T1 identified as efficient testers. The genetic analysis helps identify efficient testers for selecting superior genotypes, thereby enhancing heterotic group performance by incorporating appropriate new breeding material.