bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crop recommendation system and pest classification using weighted support vector machine on climate data
Authors: Kiruthika1 S. , Karthika Dr.D 
Published: May 2024

Introduction: the primary cause of the significant decline in crop productivity is farmers' poor crop selection. A number of pests, including weeds, insects, plant diseases, and the poisonous nature of the most current remedies, offer challenges to the current approach. Therefore, for the most effective and precise classification and recommendations, these factors should be considered together.
Methods: levy flight Grey Wolf Optimization (LGWO) and the WSVM (Weight-Support Vector Machine) method are recommended in this research for the intention of upgrading the efficiency of the system as well as resolving the above-mentioned issues. A CRS (Crop Recommendation System) utilizing the LGWO-WSVM algorithm is to be developed in order to increase crop productivity. This study's primary stages include crop suggestion, FS (Feature selection), and pre-processing. The KNN (K-Nearest Neighbour) technique is utilized for the pre-processing of the climatic dataset in order to accommodate incorrect values and missing variables.
Results: the best fitness values are utilized to identify more pertinent weather features. These chosen qualities are then applied to the categorization phase. In order to create a system which integrates the predictions of the LGWO-WSVM model to recommend an appropriate crop depends on the kinds of the particular soil and features having greater accuracy.
Conclusion: in order to get the best recommendation outcomes, it is also utilized to categorize the pest traits. The test outcomes indicate that the recommended LGWO-WSVM strategy overtakes the current methods by accuracy, precision, recall, and execution time
Entropy pelican optimization algorithm (epoa) based feature selection and deep autoencoder (dae) of heart failure status prediction
Authors: Sangeetha Ms. T. , Manikandan Dr. K. , Victor Arokia Doss Dr. D. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction: heart Failure (HF) is a complicated condition as well as a significant public health issue. Data processing is now required for machine and statistical learning techniques while it helps to identify key features and eliminates unimportant, redundant, or noisy characteristics, hence minimizing the feature space's dimensions. A common cause of mortality in cases of heart disease is Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM).
Methods: the feature selection in this work depends on the Entropy Pelican Optimization Algorithm (EPOA). It is a recreation of pelicans' typical hunting behaviour. This is comparable to certain characteristics that lead to better approaches for solving high-dimensional datasets. Then Deep Autoencoder (DAE) classifier has been introduced for the prediction of patients. DAE classifier is employed to compute the system's nonlinear function through data from the normal and failure state.
Results: DAE was discovered to not only considerably increase accuracy but also to be beneficial when there is a limited amount of labelled data.Performance metrics like recall, precision, accuracy, f-measure, and error rate has been used for results analysis.
Conclusion: publicly available benchmark dataset has been collected from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository to evaluate and contrast the suitability of the suggested classifier with other existing methods
Cardiovascular outcomes for people hospitalised with COVID‐19 in Australia, and the effect of vaccination: an observational cohort study
Authors: Sritharan Hari P , Bhatia Kunwardeep S , van Gaal William , Kritharides Leonard , Chow Clara K , Bhindi Ravinay 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the frequency of clinical cardiovascular outcomes for people hospitalised with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), and the impact of vaccination.Study designObservational cohort study.Setting, participantsAll index admissions of adults with laboratory‐confirmed COVID‐19 to 21 hospitals participating in the Australian Cardiovascular COVID‐19 Registry (AUS‐COVID), 4 September 2020 – 11 July 2022.Main outcome measuresFrequency of elevated troponin levels, new arrhythmia, new or deteriorating heart failure or cardiomyopathy, new pericarditis or myocarditis, new permanent pacemaker or implantable cardioverter–defibrillator, and pulmonary embolism. Secondary outcomes: impact of COVID‐19 vaccination on likelihood of in‐hospital death, intubation, troponin elevation, and clinical cardiovascular events.ResultsThe mean age of the 1714 people admitted to hospital with COVID‐19 was 60.1 years (standard deviation, 20.6 years); 926 were men (54.0%), 181 patients died during their index admissions (10.6%), 299 required intensive care (17.4%). Thirty‐eight patients (2.6%) developed new atrial fibrillation or flutter, 27 (2.6%) had pulmonary embolisms, new heart failure or cardiomyopathy was identified in 13 (0.9%), and pre‐existing cardiomyopathy or heart failure was exacerbated in 21 of 110 patients (19%). Troponin was elevated in 369 of the 986 patients for whom it was assessed (37.4%); in‐hospital mortality was higher for people with elevated troponin levels (86, 23% v 23, 3.7%; P < 0.001). The COVID‐19 vaccination status of 580 patients was known (no doses, 232; at least one dose, 348). The likelihood of in‐hospital death (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.18–0.79) and intubation (aOR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.15–0.61) were lower for people who had received at least one vaccine dose, but not the likelihood of troponin elevation (aOR, 1.44; 95% CI, 0.80–2.58) or clinical cardiovascular events (aOR, 1.56; 95% CI, 0.59–4.16).ConclusionsAlthough troponin levels were elevated in a considerable proportion of people hospitalised with COVID‐19, clinical cardiovascular events were infrequent, and their likelihood was not influenced by vaccination. COVID‐19 vaccination, however, was associated with reduced likelihood of in‐hospital death and intubation.Trial registrationAustralian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12620000486921 (prospective).
Youth in the media city
Authors: Sumiala Johanna , Niitamo Annaliina 
Published: May 2024

Back cover text

Welcome to the journey of two media cities, Helsinki and Saint Petersburg, to explore young people’s lives and cultures on the move in these environments and landscapes! As a reader, you may dive into partly hidden urban youth subcultures: encounters in an urban circus, active Pokémon Go player communities, sticker artists redefning the city, or debating gender in grafti subculture.
Take a look at just one essay or read them all. Or you may want to focus solely on the ponderable photos, or drift away by listening to the mesmerizing metro sounds in the digital version of this book, available here: www.youth-in-the-mediacity.org.
Nuoria koskeva syrjäytymistieto
Authors: Suurpää Leena 
Published: May 2024

Syrjäytyminen on kiistanalainen – moniarvoinen, tulkinnanvarainen ja normatiivinen – käsite, johon liittyy paitsi hallinnollisia ja empiirisiä, myös metodologisia ja eettisiä haasteita. Lasten ja nuorten syrjäytymisvaaraa selvitettäessä ja hyvinvoinnin seuranta- ja vaikuttavuuden arviointijärjestelmiä kehitettäessä on jouduttu vuosikausien ajan kysymään, mihin ilmiötä koskeva tietäminen perustuu ja mitä voidaan lukea indikaattoreista, mitä rekisteriaineistoista, mitä tilastoista, ja milloin on syytä kuulla ja nähdä nuorten arkea laadullisin keinoin.
Tässä raportissa käsitellään erityisesti seuraavia kysymyksiä:

Mitkä ovat ne vallitsevat tavat, joiden avulla nuorten syrjäytymistä ja sen ehkäisyä otetaan tiedonpoliittisesti haltuun tänä päivänä? Mitkä näkökulmat hallitsevat, mitkä äänet ja teemat jäävät katveeseen?
Mitä nuorisotutkimuksen tulokset ja päätelmät kertovat nuorten syrjäytymisen taustatekijöistä, syistä ja seurauksista?
Mihin nuorisotutkimusten perusteella pitäisi nuorten syrjäytymisen ehkäisyssä erityisesti panostaa, nimenomaan tiedonpoliittisesta näkökulmasta katsottuna?
The Persistence of Mother-To-Child Transmission of HIV in Njombe Town Council in Tanzania
Authors: Genda Elizabeth , Mkute Tullah 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The HIV epidemic poses a dire threat to global public health. With an estimated 78 million people infected worldwide, and a staggering 39 million deaths attributed to HIV-related causes, the scale of this crisis demands immediate and continued action. This article examined the factors contributing to the ongoing transition of HIV from mother to their children in Njombe Town Council, Tanzania.
Methods
This study employed a mixed methods approach with a cross-sectional design. The data were collected from 90 participants including HIV-positive mothers’ and key informants. Participants were selected purposefully, and data were collected using interviews and focus group discussions. Data were analyzed using content analysis.
Results
The study identified various factors contributing to the ongoing challenge of preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV. These factors include demographic and socioeconomic factors (age, marital status, education, occupation, spousal support), health-seeking behavior and cultural aspects (voluntary HIV testing, willingness to seek antenatal and postnatal services, stigmatization), health facility-related factors (availability of healthcare providers, their attitude towards infected mothers), and distance to health facilities.
Conclusion
Mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Njombe Town Council persists primarily due to demographic and socio-economic factors, cultural and healthcare-related factors, and distance to health facilities. The study identifies a multi-pronged approach to tackle mother-to-child HIV transmission. This includes securing more funding for healthcare improvements, training more medical professionals including HIV specialists, and promoting early prenatal care. It also emphasizes raising public awareness to fight HIV stigma and getting men involved in both preventing and treating the disease.
Laboratory Considerations for Releasing Next-Generation Sequencing Data to Patients
Authors: Moyer Ann , Loo Eric , Cadoff Evan , Konnick Eric , Duncan Helena , Halley Jaimie , Hermina Katherine , Vasalos Patricia , Moncur Joel T. , Yohe Sophia 
Published: May 2024

Context.—
Title 45, section 164.524 of the Code of Federal Regulations states that health care systems must provide patient health records upon that patient’s request. For complex testing, such as next-generation sequencing (NGS), this raises questions related to what data should be released and the laboratory considerations regarding the release of this data.

Objective.—
To describe the laboratory implications of releasing different NGS data files and the limitations for the clinical use of different NGS data files.

Design.—
The College of American Pathologists workgroup, composed of laboratorians with expertise regarding NGS testing, reviewed pertinent literature, including title 45, section 164.524, and the Health and Human Services “Guidance on Individuals’ Right to Access Health Information.”

Results.—
From an accreditation standpoint, validation of NGS includes both the wet bench and data processing (bioinformatics) portions, and appropriately validated laboratory testing is required to ensure quality patient results. NGS testing generates intermediate data files that have not completed the fully validated process but are often kept by the laboratory. These files may be requested by patients, but most patients will not be aware of the test validation process and the limitations of data that have not gone through a fully validated process.

Conclusions.—
Laboratories should encourage patients to receive their health data and to help individuals understand the content, uses, and limitations of laboratory data they have requested or received. NGS data used in a nonvalidated manner should not be used for clinical purposes without confirmation by a clinically validated method.
Medial Stabilised Total Knee Arthroplasty: Definition and Performance
Authors: King Samuel W , Palan Jeya , Pandit Hemant 
Published: May 2024

Background Medial-stabilised total knee arthroplasty (MS-TKA) usage has increased significantly over the past decade with encouraging results. MS-TKA mimics the natural knee kinematics, providing superior antero-posterior stability as compared to cruciate-retaining or posterior-stabilised designs. Its proponents suggest that MS-TKA may provide the solution to the residual dissatisfaction seen in many patients following knee replacement surgery. Methods The literature was reviewed for critical analysis of the evidence for the biomechanics of the native knee and the clinical outcomes for MS-TKA. The history of the development of the medial-stabilised knee was also reviewed. Results MS-TKA were found generally to have similar revision rates to non-MS-TKA. Studies of knee function found either similar or improved function, which may be due to increased AP stability and a lack of paradoxical movement of femur over tibia which is seen in CR and PS designs. Conclusion This review highlights the key design features needed for a total knee arthroplasty to be termed as a medial-stabilised design, summarises current clinical and kinematic evidence including an overview of its development over the past three decades and sets out the next steps needed for meaningful evaluation of long-term real-world data of individual MS-TKA implants. With longer and more detailed follow-up data emerging as MS-TKA becomes more popular, a more thorough analysis of their performance will soon be possible.
Exploring the Agony of the 1947 Partition and its Socio-Political Impacts Through Poetry
Authors: Gaur Mahima , Chauhan Swati 
Published: May 2024

The partition of the Indian subcontinent stands as a profound and tragic historical episode, characterized by an unparalleled and chilling human tragedy and this pivotal moment heralded a significant transformation era for British India, as people were forcibly separated along religious and cultural lines, resulting in mass violence and forced migrations, ultimately causing deep fractures and divisions. Nevertheless, the promotion of interfaith harmony remained a core value embraced by all societies. The enduring wounds of the partition, including communal violence and mass displacement, continue to shape the collective memory of India and Pakistan, constituting an irreversible historical catastrophe. This research will form a thematic examination, coupled with an assessment of the literary techniques employed by the poets of that era. The objective of this research is to scrutinize a collection of poems through a systematic and thematic lens, encompassing the poetic creations of the chosen poets. The devastating consequences of the partition cannot be erased, and their impact remains palpable to this day. The present study concentrates on the factors that contributed to the destruction during and after the partition, with culture, religion, caste, social status, and other elements emerging as the primary driving forces.
Developing a Nano Platform for Bovine Brucellosis Diagnostic Product
Authors: Tulepova Gulmira , Makhashov Edil , Ekateriniadou Loukia , Nurkhojayev Nurzhan , Sadiev Sagypash 
Published: May 2024

Background: Brucellosis is one of the most common zoonoses caused by Brucella species. Brucella is an intracellular pathogen that causes abortion in domestic animals and brucellosis in humans. The disease has no specific pathognomonic signs; hence a prompt and accurate diagnosis of the disease plays a very critical role in preventing brucella transmission and treating the disease.Methods: Research was carried out at the Department of Veterinary Science of Kazakh National Agrarian Research University and in the Molecular Biology laboratory of the Institute for Plant Biology and Biotechnology under the Committee of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Studies were carried out on a killed culture of the vaccine strain Brucella abortus RB19, genomic DNA of B. abortus RB19, Grapevine virus A, plasmid vectors for DNA cloning, a fluorescent nano marker, and Brucella membrane proteins.Results: The research demonstrated that brucellosis remained one of the most common zoonotic diseases worldwide. This disease not only resulted in significant economic losses in agriculture but also posed a serious threat to public health.Conclusions: The study successfully established prokaryotic expression vectors for efficient protein production, validated through sequencing and Western blotting, and proposed a promising nano-platform for plant-based synthesis of brucellosis proteins, with potential implications for diagnostic kit development and vaccine research in agriculture.Keywords: Brucellosis; Brucella; Outer membrane proteins; Omp16
Does Curarisation before Hand Improve Ventilation by Face Mask? A Prospective Randomised Study
Authors: Benakrout Aziz , Meziane Mohamed , Jaafari Abdelhamid , Doghmi Nawfal , Bensghir Mustapha , Balkhi Hicham 
Published: May 2024

Prior verification of the efficiency of face mask ventilation before curarisation is most often dogmatic. It is often considered a safety factor. The main aim of our study was to investigate the effect of prior curarisation on face mask ventilation conditions.
Materials and methods: A prospective, randomised, double-blind study was carried out in the operating theatre of the Mohammed V military training hospital in Rabat. The inclusion criteria were: patients aged over 18 years, with an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I and II score, scheduled for surgery under general anaesthesia and requiring tracheal intubation. Exclusion criteria were: the presence of gastro-oesophageal reflux, the need for rapid sequence induction, the presence of criteria for face mask ventilation or difficult intubation and the need for vigorous intubation. The patients included were randomised into two groups : the rocuronium group, in whom curarisation with rocuronium prior to verification of the efficacy of VMF was performed, and the control group, in whom an equal volume of 0.9% saline was administered. Improvement in face mask ventilation was our primary endpoint. It was assessed using the HAN face mask ventilation difficulty score and tele-expiratory volume (TEV) during mask ventilation manoeuvres.
Results : A significant improvement in the Han score was noted at 2 min after administration of rocuronium (1.40 ± 0.50 vs 2 min : 1.17 ± 0.38, p=0.017). There was also a significant improvement in TEV at 1 min (117.9 ± 41.41 vs 289.33 ± 78.63, p=0.004) and at 2 min after early curarisation (167.57 ± 59.7 vs 388.67 ± 38.85, p=0.008).
Conclusion : Prior curarisation improves face mask ventilation in patients with an easy planned airway. Several studies with different methodologies found similar results.
Economic Effect of Custom Hiring Centres on Paddy (Oryza sativa) Cultivation in Haryana, India
Authors: Rawal Sagar , Dhillon Ashok , Bishnoi Dalip Kumar , Kumar Raj , Panday Raj Ratan , Kumar Mandeep 
Published: May 2024

To compare the economics and efficiency of resource use in paddy cultivation when using machinery hired from government-sponsored Custom Hiring Centres (CHCs) vis-à-vis private farm machinery providers. The study was carried out in the Kurukshetra district of Haryana during the agricultural year 2020-21. Selection of district was done based on the highest percentage change in farm power availability since the beginning of the Sub Mission on Agricultural Mechanization (SMAM). The data for the investigation were gathered from 80 paddy farmers (40 hiring farm machinery from the private farm machinery providers and 40 from the CHCs). The farmers who hired the machines from CHCs found 10.52 per cent reduction in the paddy operational costs when compared to the farmers who hired machinery from the private farm machine providers. Furthermore, the net returns of the farmers who hired from the CHCs were approximately 27.06 percent higher. In case of the resource use efficiency, machine labour was discovered to be the most efficiently utilised resource under CHCs. In comparison to the private farm machinery providers, the study found that the CHCs help to improve returns and efficiency of utilisation of the farm machinery as a resource.
Assessment of structural lesions in sacroiliac joints enhances diagnostic utility of magnetic resonance imaging in early spondylarthritis
Authors: Weber Ulrich , Lambert Robert G. W. , Pedersen Susanne J. , Hodler Juerg , Østergaard Mikkel , Maksymowych Walter P. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the diagnostic utility of T1‐weighted and STIR magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences in early spondylarthritis (SpA) using a standardized approach to the evaluation of sacroiliac (SI) joints, and to test whether systematic calibration of readers directed at recognition of abnormalities on T1‐weighted MRI would enhance diagnostic utility.MethodsSix readers independently assessed T1‐weighted and STIR MRI scans of the SI joints from 187 subjects: 75 ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and 27 preradiographic inflammatory back pain (IBP) patients, and 26 mechanical back pain and 59 healthy volunteer controls ages ≤45 years. The exercise was repeated 6 months later on a random selection of 30 AS patients and 34 controls after calibration directed at lesions visible on T1‐weighted MRI. Specific MRI lesions were recorded according to standardized definitions. In addition to deciding on the presence/absence of SpA, readers were asked which MRI sequence and which type of lesion was the primary basis for their diagnostic conclusion.ResultsStructural lesions were detected in 98% of AS patients and 64% of IBP patients. A diagnosis of SpA was based on T1‐weighted or combined T1‐weighted/STIR sequences in 82% of AS patients and 41% of IBP patients. Calibration enhanced the diagnostic utility of MRI in the majority of readers, especially those considered less experienced; the mean positive and negative likelihood ratios (of 6 readers) were 14.5 and 0.08 precalibration, respectively, and 22.2 and 0.02 postcalibration, respectively.ConclusionRecognition of structural lesions on T1‐weighted MRI contributes significantly to its diagnostic utility in early SpA. Rheumatologist training directed at detection of lesions visible on T1‐weighted MRI enhances diagnostic utility.
A simple postsulfonation of poly(arylene ether sulfone) Radel® R
Authors: Srithong Sorotsiri , Jiraratananon Ratana , Hansupalak Nanthiya 
Published: July 2010

AbstractCommercially available Radel® R, a poorly acid resistant biphenol‐based poly(arylene ether sulfone), was successfully sulfonated by a simple and rapid postsulfonation reaction using oleum as the sulfonating agent. Polymer degradation due to contact with acid could easily be minimized by adjusting reaction conditions. The suitable reaction conditions, when the 1 : 3 molar ratio of the polymer to the sulfonating agent was used, were: 10% of oleum in chloroform, 10% concentration of Radel® R in chloroform, and temperature between 0 and 50°C. Under these conditions, the reaction was complete within 45 min. Thermal properties, degradation characteristics and the viscosity of the postsulfonated polymer are reported. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011