bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inna Golubovskaya: The Life of a Geneticist Studying Meiosis
Authors: Cande W Zacheus , Freeling Michael 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Maize, with its excellent forward genetics and male sterility screens, was used to identify &gt;50 meiotic mutants representing at least 35 genes that affect key prophase processes such as pairing, synapsis, and homologous recombination. Most of these mutants were found by Inna Golubovskaya during the course of her remarkable career as a cytogeneticist. In addition to undertaking general cytological surveys to classify mutant phenotypes, Golubovskaya focused her efforts on characterizing several key regulatory mutants: ameiotic1 (am1), required to establish the meiotic cell cycle in maize; absence of first division (afd1), required for proper prophase chromosome morphology and for meiotic sister-chromatid cohesion leading to a reductive chromosome segregation at the first meiotic division; and plural abnormalities of meiosis (pam1), required for the clustering of telomeres on the nuclear envelope needed for pairing and synapsis. Her dramatic childhood in Leningrad during its siege in World War II, her fortuitous education in genetics at Leningrad State University, her continued research at the forward-looking Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the USSR Academy of Science Siberian branch, her plight at the fall of the Soviet Union, and her work in America helped engender a unique and valuable plant geneticist. Inna Golubovskaya related this personal history to the authors in conversation.
DC/AC Performance Analysis of Indium Antimonide Nanowires
Authors: Guvenc Ali Bilge , Penchev Miroslav , Zhong Jiebin , Ozkan Cengiz , Ozkan Mihrimah 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTWe investigated the electrical properties and transmission line performance of indium antimonide nanowires. The results indicate that the of nanowires suffer from low mobility values on the order of 10-to-15 cm2V-1s-1 because of the contact resistances, scattering due to their small diameters, crystal defects and oxidation occurs during growth and cooling. nanowires show extremely inductive behavior during the AC measurements and due to these parasitic parameters, they can sustain transmission for the signals having frequencies up to 10 MHz. The bandwidth of the nanowires is directly proportional to the diameter of the nanowires. Improving the mobility to higher values and introducing de-embedding and impedance matching to the measurements and analysis could easily carry the bandwidth beyond GHz levels.
Electrochemical sensing of aerobic marine bacterial biofilms and the influence of nitric oxide attachment control
Authors: Werwinski Stéphane , Wharton Julian A. , Iglesias-Rodriguez M. Debora , Stokes Keith R. 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTSuitable in situ techniques capable of sensing for the presence of a biofilm on metallic surfaces are becoming increasingly necessary, especially in order to maintain seawater pipe system performance. This study has investigated the detection of aerobic marine bacterial biofilms using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy by monitoring the interfacial response of Pseudoalteromonas sp. NCIMB 2021 attachment and growth in order to identify characteristic events on a 0.2 mm diameter gold electrode surface. Uniquely, the applicability of surface charge density has been proven to be valuable in determining biofilm attachment and cell enumeration over 72 h duration on a gold surface within a modified continuous culture flow cel(lsa controlled low laminar flow regime with a Reynolds number ≈ 1).In addition, the potential for biofilm disruption has been evaluated using 500 nM of the nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside (NO is important for the regulation of a number of diverse biological processes). Ex situ confocal microscopy studies were performed to confirm biofilm coverage and morphology, plus the determination and quantification of the NO biofilm dispersal effects. Overall, the capability of the sensor to electrochemically detect the presence of initial bacterial biofilm formation and extent has been established and shown to have potential for real-time biofilm monitoring.
Capacity contribution of the interfacial layer on anode current collectors and their electrochemical properties in Lithium ion batteries
Authors: Kim Tae Kwon , Chen Wei , Chen Chunhui , Wang Chunlei 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTCurrent collectors in lithium ion batteries are considered to give the electronic conduction to the electrode materials without electrochemical reactions. However, once the current collectors are thermally treated with active electrode materials, thermally treated current collectors might induce electrochemical reaction that affects the whole cell performance due to the interfacial layer formed by the thermal treatment. In this work, Ni foam and Cu foil current collectors were investigated to understand their capacity contribution and electrochemical properties after thermal treatment.
Morphology-controlled Growth of Manganese Oxide Electrodes
Authors: Babakhani Banafsheh , Ivey Douglas G. 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTManganese oxide electrodes are synthesized by anodic deposition on Au coated Si substrates from acetate-containing aqueous solutions. By changing the deposition parameters including deposition current density, electrolyte composition, pH and temperature, a series of nanocrystalline manganese oxide electrodes with various morphologies (non–uniform continuous coatings, rod–like structures, aggregated rods and thin sheets) is obtained. Detailed microstructural characterization of as-deposited electrodes is conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Electrochemical analysis using cyclic voltammetry showed that manganese oxide electrodes with rod–like and thin sheet morphology exhibit enhanced electrochemical performance by improving manganese oxide utilization. The highest specific capacitance (~230 F g−1) and capacitance retention rates (~88%) are obtained for manganese oxide thin sheets after 250 cycles in 0.5M Na2SO4 at 20 mV s−1.
Pediatric Craniofacial Surgery: A Review for the Multidisciplinary Team
Authors: Taub Peter J. , Lampert Joshua A. 
Published: July 2011

Pediatric craniofacial surgery is a specialty that grew dramatically in the 20th century and continues to evolve today. Out of the efforts to correct facial deformities encountered during World War II, the techniques of modern craniofacial surgery developed. An analysis of the relevant literature allowed the authors to explore this historical progression. Current advances in technology, tissue engineering, and molecular biology have further refined pediatric craniofacial surgery. The development of distraction osteogenesis and the progressive study of craniosynostosis provide remarkable examples of this momentum. The growing study of genetics, biotechnology, the influence of growth factors, and stem cell research provide additional avenues of innovation for the future. The following article is intended to reveal a greater understanding of pediatric craniofacial surgery by examining the past, present, and possible future direction. It is intended both for the surgeon, as well as for the nonsurgical individual specialists vital to the multidisciplinary craniofacial team.
Maternal Perspectives: Qualitative Responses about Perceived Barriers to Care among Children with Orofacial Clefts in North Carolina
Authors: Cassell Cynthia H. , Mendez Dara D. , Strauss Ronald P. 
Published: July 2011

Objective To examine maternal perceptions of barriers to care of children with orofacial clefts (OFC) in a population-based survey that solicited open-ended qualitative responses. Design and Setting In 2006, a combination mail/phone survey was sent to all mothers of children with OFC. The questionnaire included 76 items. A final open-ended question was included for additional information about cleft-related care. The analysis included responses to the open-ended question and sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents. Qualitative responses were transcribed and entered into a qualitative software package for analysis, and common themes were elucidated. Participants/Patients The North Carolina Birth Defects Monitoring Program was used to identify all resident infants born with OFC from 2001 to 2004. Of 478 eligible mothers, 52.9% (n = 248) responded to the survey, and 39.5% (n = 98) responded to the final open-ended question. Main Outcome Measures Percentage reporting problems accessing care, frequency of positive and negative comments, and indicators of financial, personal, and structural barriers to care. Results Of the 98 respondents, the majority (n = 95, 96.99%) were the biological mother. Almost 40% of mothers indicated that accessing primary craniofacial care was a problem. Of those citing perceived barriers to care, the major issues cited were financial, structural, and personal barriers. Conclusions Collaborative efforts between craniofacial centers and teams, health care systems, and birth defects registries are warranted to reduce perceived barriers to care among families of children with OFC. Further exploration of the themes and factors associated with barriers to care and services is needed.
Dental Anomalies in Children Born with Clefts: A Case-Control Study
Authors: De Lima Pedro Rafael , Daniel Brito Faria Marcelo , De Castro Costa Marcelo , Vieira Alexandre Rezende 
Published: July 2011

Objective To determine the presence of specific patterns of dental defects in a group of individuals born with clefts. Design Case-control. Setting Nossa Senhora do Loreto Municipal Hospital and Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Pediatric Dentistry Clinics, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Patients 642 radiographic and clinical records were evaluated for 321 cases and 321 controls. Results Individuals born with clefts presented considerably more dental anomalies in comparison with controls ( p = .0001). The most frequent was tooth agenesis (n = 53; p = .001), followed by supernumerary teeth (n = 14; p = .11) and tooth malposition (n = 11; p = .33). Regarding tooth agenesis, the upper lateral incisors were more frequently absent in the cleft group (31/86), and control individuals presented more agenesis of the mandibular second premolars (19/45). Conclusions The higher prevalence of dental anomalies, especially number anomalies, opposite the cleft area, in individuals born with cleft lip and/or palate is the most common associated dental anomaly outside the cleft area.
Incidence of Residual Oronasal Fistulas: A 20-Year Experience
Authors: Eberlinc Andreja , Koželj Vesna 
Published: July 2011

Objective To determine the incidence and most frequent anatomical locations of residual oronasal fistulas in children with different types of clefts who were treated at the University Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery in Ljubljana. Design Retrospective analysis of 857 consecutive patients with cleft born between 1984 and 2003. Results After primary surgical repair, 33 out of 857 (3.9%) children had residual oronasal fistulas. The incidence of clinically significant fistulas that required surgical repair was 17 of 857 (2.0%). In children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP), or isolated cleft palate (CP), the incidence of palatal fistulas was 23 of 644 (3.6%). Of these palatal fistulas, 12 (1.9%) were clinically significant. Oronasal fistulas were most frequently found in children with BCLP (9 of 88, 10.2%), followed by UCLP (12 of 215, 5.6%) and CP (12 of 341, 3.5%). No fistulas were found in children with unilateral cleft lip and alveolar ridge. In 10 cases (30.3%), the oronasal fistula remained in the alveolar ridge, in 11 cases (33.3%) in the anterior part of the hard palate, and in 11 cases (33.3%) at the junction of the hard and soft palates. In one case (3%), the records were lost. Conclusion The low incidence of oronasal fistulas is the result of a surgical technique and tensionless suturing, followed by a two-layer closure, two-stage palate repair in BCLP and UCLP patients, and preoperative orthopedics in UCLP cases.
Voice Low Tone to High Tone Ratio, Nasalance, and Nasality Ratings in Connected Speech of Native Mandarin Speakers: A Pilot Study
Authors: Tsai Yun-Jeng , Wang Ching-Ping , Lee Guo-She 
Published: July 2011

Objective Voice low tone to high tone ratio (VLHR) is defined as the power ratio of a voice spectrum with a specific cut-off frequency. Previous studies have shown that there are significant correlations between VLHR and nasalance and hypernasality ratings in vowels. The correlation was investigated in this study using connected speech material. Design The Zoo Passage, the Rainbow Passage, the English Nasal Sentences, the Mandarin Nonnasal Sentences, and the Mandarin Nasal Sentences were used to acquire VLHRs, nasalance scores, and perceptual judgments of nasality. Each passage was recorded twice for averaging, and the cut-off frequencies from 200 Hz to 1200 Hz were used to survey for the presence of optimal correlations with VLHR. Participants Ten native Mandarin speakers with an English learning history of over 8 years were enrolled. Main outcome measures VLHRs, nasalance scores, and hypernasality ratings. Results The correlations of VLHR with nasalance (rho = .76, p < .001, Spearman rank correlation) and nasality ratings (rho = .81, p < .001) were significant using a cut-off frequency of 300 Hz for the English passages. For the Mandarin Sentences, the optimal correlations of VLHR with nasalance (rho = .83, p < .001) and nasality ratings (rho = .79, p < .001) were identified using a cut-off frequency of 500-Hz. Conclusion The significant correlations of VLHR with nasalance and perceptual ratings of nasality using connected speech show that these approaches have a potential value in terms of basic and clinical application.
Alveolar Bone Morphology in Patients with Bilateral Complete Cleft Lip and Palate in the Mixed Dentition: Cone Beam Computed Tomography Evaluation
Authors: Garib Daniela Gamba , Yatabe Marília Sayako , Ozawa Terumi Okada , da Silva Filho Omar Gabriel 
Published: July 2011

Objectives To verify the thickness and level of alveolar bone around the teeth adjacent to the cleft by means of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in patients with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate prior to bone graft surgery and orthodontic intervention. Method The sample comprised 10 patients with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate (five boys and five girls) in the mixed dentition. The mean age was 9.5 years, and all subjects showed a G3 interarch relationship according to the Bauru index. The thickness of alveolar bone surrounding the maxillary incisors and the maxillary canines was measured in CBCT axial section using the software iCAT Xoran System. The distance between the alveolar bone crest and the cement-enamel junction (CEJ) was measured in cross sections. Results The tomography images showed a thin alveolar bone plate around teeth adjacent to clefts. No bone dehiscence was observed in teeth adjacent to clefts during the mixed dentition. A slight increase in the distance between the alveolar bone crest and the CEJ was observed in the mesial and lingual aspects of canines adjacent to cleft. Conclusion In patients with BCLP in the mixed dentition, teeth adjacent to the alveolar cleft are covered by a thin alveolar bone plate. However, the level of alveolar bone crest around these teeth seems to be normal, and no bone dehiscence was identified at this age.
Relaxin Does Not Rescue Coronal Suture Fusion in Craniosynostotic Rabbits
Authors: Cray James J. , Burrows Anne M. , Vecchione Lisa , Kinsella Christopher R. , Losee Joseph E. , Moursi Amr M. , Siegel Michael I. , Cooper Gregory M. , Mooney Mark P. 
Published: July 2011

Objectives Craniosynostosis affects 1 in 2000 to 3000 live births and may result in craniofacial and neural growth disturbances. Histological data have shown that thick collagenous bundles are present in the sutural ligament, which may tether the osteogenic fronts, resulting in premature fusion. The hormone relaxin has been shown to disrupt collagen fiber organization, possibly preventing craniosynostosis by relaxing the sutural ligament and allowing osteogenic fronts to separate normally and stay patent. This study tested this hypothesis with a rabbit model of delayed-onset coronal suture synostosis. Methods A total of 18 New Zealand White rabbits with craniosynostosis were randomly assigned to one of three groups: sham control, protein control (BSA), relaxin treatment. After initial diagnosis, sham surgery, BSA, or relaxin was delivered to the fusing coronal suture in a slow-release (56-day) collagen vehicle. Longitudinal radiographs and body weights were collected at 10, 25, 42, and 84 days of age, and sutures were harvested for histology. Results Relaxin-treated animals had more disorganized intrasuture content than control groups. These specimens also appeared to have relatively wider sutures ectocranially. There were no significant differences in relaxin-treated animals for all craniofacial growth measures, or suture separation compared with controls. Conclusions These data do not support our initial hypothesis that the use of relaxin may rescue sutures destined to undergo premature suture fusion. These findings suggest that collagen fiber arrangement may not be important for suture fusion. This protein therapy would not be clinically useful for craniosynostosis.
Cardiovascular Complications of Breast Cancer Therapy in Older Adults
Authors: Shenoy Chetan , Klem Igor , Crowley Anna Lisa , Patel Manesh R. , Winchester Mark A. , Owusu Cynthia , Kimmick Gretchen G. 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Older adults frequently have pre-existing and cancer-related risk factors for cardiovascular toxicity from cancer treatment. In this review, we discuss the risk factors and strategies for prevention and management of cardiovascular complications in older women with breast cancer.
Determinants of Tobacco Control Funding: Evidence from U.S. States
Authors: Gallet Craig A 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
The literature on tobacco control funding has focused on its impact on the demand for tobacco products. This paper turns the issue around by utilizing state-level panel data to address the determinants of per capita tobacco control funding. Tobacco control funding is found to be increasing with per capita income, cigarette consumption, and cigarette taxes, but decreasing with population density and neighbor-state tobacco control funding. Political affiliation, cancer and heart attack mortalities, as well as the extent of smoke-free air laws, have little impact on tobacco control funding. Results are robust to addressing the endogeneity of cigarette consumption and cigarette taxes.
Relative Performance of the MDRD and CKD-EPI Equations for Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate among Patients with Varied Clinical Presentations
Authors: Murata Kazunori , Baumann Nikola A. , Saenger Amy K. , Larson Timothy S. , Rule Andrew D. , Lieske John C. 
Published: July 2011

Summary

Background
The Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation was developed using both CKD and non-CKD patients to potentially replace the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation that was derived with only CKD patients. The objective of our study was to compare the accuracy of the MDRD and CKD-EPI equations for estimating GFR in a large group of patients having GFR measurements for diverse clinical indications.

Design, setting, participants, and measurements
A cross-sectional study was conducted of patients who underwent renal function assessment for clinical purposes by simultaneous measurements of serum creatinine and estimation of GFR using the MDRD and CKD-EPI equations and renal clearance of iothalamate (n = 5238).

Results
Bias compared with measured GFR (mGFR) varied for each equation depending on clinical presentation. The CKD-EPI equation demonstrated less bias than the MDRD equation in potential kidney donors (−8% versus −18%) and postnephrectomy donors (−7% versus −15%). However, the CKD-EPI equation was slightly more biased than the MDRD equation in native CKD patients (6% versus 3%), kidney recipients (8% versus 1%), and other organ recipients (9% versus 3%). Among potential kidney donors, the CKD-EPI equation had higher specificity than the MDRD equation for detecting an mGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (98% versus 94%) but lower sensitivity (50% versus 70%).

Conclusions
Clinical presentation influences the estimation of GFR from serum creatinine, and neither the CKD-EPI nor MDRD equation account for this. Use of the CKD-EPI equation misclassifies fewer low-risk patients as having reduced mGFR, although it is also less sensitive for detecting mGFR below specific threshold values used to define CKD stages.
Toward a Definition of Masked Hypertension and White-Coat Hypertension among Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Agarwal Rajiv , Sinha Arjun D. , Light Robert P. 
Published: July 2011

Summary

Background and objectives
Among people with essential hypertension, ambulatory BP measurement is superior to BP obtained in the clinic in predicting cardiovascular outcomes. In part, this is because it can detect white-coat hypertension and masked hypertension. Whether the same is true for hemodialysis patients is not known.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Using a threshold of 140/80 mmHg for median midweek dialysis-unit BP and 135/85 mmHg for 44-hour ambulatory BP, we defined four categories of BP: sustained normotension (SN), white-coat hypertension (WCH), masked hypertension (MHTN), and sustained hypertension (SHTN).

Results
Among 355 long-term hemodialysis patients, the prevalence of SN was 35%, WCH 15%, MHTN 15%, and SHTN 35%. Over a mean follow-up of 29.6 (SD 21.7) months, 102 patients died (29%), yielding a crude mortality rate of 121/1000 patient-years. Unadjusted and multivariate-adjusted analyses showed increasing all-cause mortality with increasing severity of hypertension (unadjusted hazard ratios from SN, WCH, MHTN, SHTN: 1, 1.12, 1.70, 1.80, respectively [P for trend < 0.01]; adjusted hazard ratios: 1, 1.30, 1.36, 1.87, respectively [P for trend 0.02]). When a predialysis BP threshold of 140/90 mmHg was used to classify patients into BP categories, the prevalence of SN was 24%, WCH 26%, MHTN 4%, and SHTN 47%. Hazard ratios for mortality were similar when compared with median midweek dialysis-unit BP.

Conclusions
As in the essential hypertension population, MHTN and WCH have prognostic significance. The prognostic value of BP obtained in the dialysis unit can be refined with ambulatory BP monitoring.
An Update on the Changing Epidemiology and Metabolic Risk Factors in Pediatric Kidney Stone Disease
Authors: Sas David J. 
Published: July 2011

Summary
Nephrolithiasis in children is a painful and costly disease that may also have detrimental long-term effects on kidney function. Recent data provide evidence that the incidence of nephrolithiasis in children is rising. Children who are white, female, and adolescent seem to have the highest risk for forming symptomatic kidney stones. Although the reasons for the rising incidence and demographic discrepancies in pediatric nephrolithiasis are not yet clear, recent investigations into urine chemistry provide clues regarding predisposing metabolic risk factors. As more data emerge regarding epidemiologic and metabolic characteristics of pediatric kidney stone formers, we hope to gain a better understanding of the causes of kidney stone disease and, ultimately, provide better strategies for stone prevention in children.