bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whole Genome Sequencing of Pedigrees With High Density of Substance Use and Psychiatric Disorders: A Meeting Report
Authors: Hill Shirley Y. , Edenberg Howard J. , Corvin Aiden , Thorgeirsson Thorgeir , Below Jennifer E. , Goldman David , Leal Suzanne , Almasy Laura , Cox Nancy J. , Daly Mark , Neale Benjamin , Vrieze Scott , Zoghbi Huda 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe National Institute of Drug Abuse convened a panel of scientists with expertise in substance use disorders (SUD) and genetic methodologies primarily to determine the feasibility of performing whole genome sequencing utilizing existing pedigree collections with a high density of SUD and psychiatric disorders. A major focus was on determining if there had been any successes in identifying genetic variants for complex traits in family‐based designs. Such information could provide assurance that whole genome sequencing might provide significant pay‐offs particularly in the pursuit of rare variants and copy number variants. An important goal was to discuss and evaluate optimal strategies for studying genetic variants in human samples. Specific topics were (a) to consider whether a smaller number of cases typically available in family studies versus the larger number available in biobanks can reveal unique information; (b) to identify potential gaps in information available in biobank data that might be supplemented with family data; (c) to consider the optimal SUD phenotypic definitions (e.g., quantity of use, problem‐oriented) and data collection instruments (self‐report or clinician administered) that are both practical and efficient to collect, and likely to provide important insights concerning prevention, intervention, and medication development. Conclusions reached by the panel included optimism about the successes that have occurred in the existing family studies ascertained to include densely affected pedigrees. Evaluation of methodologies led, overall, to a panel consensus that steps should be taken to utilize biobank collection in conjunction with family‐based investigations for optimal variant discovery.
The Accuracy of Melting Curve–Based Multiplex Real‐Time PCR for Diagnosing Helicobacter pylori Resistance to Clarithromycin and Levofloxacin in Stool Specimens
Authors: Wang Youhua , Gong Xiaoling , Lai Qirui , Fang Hui , Yang Xiyin , Li Xuan , Liu Dong Sheng , Xie Yong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimsThis study evaluates the accuracy of melting curve–based multiplex real‐time PCR (multiplex rt‐PCR) on stool samples for diagnosing antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) compared to E‐test and sequencing.MethodsGastric biopsies and stool samples were collected from 385 H. pylori‐infected patients. A total of 325 strains were isolated, and genomic DNA was extracted from all 385 stool samples. E‐tests were conducted to detect phenotypic resistance for clarithromycin and levofloxacin. Sanger sequencing and multiplex rt‐PCR were employed to identify H. pylori 23S rRNA and GyrA mutations.ResultsE‐test results indicated that 203 (62.5%) were susceptible to both clarithromycin and levofloxacin, 33 (10.2%) exhibited mono‐resistance to clarithromycin, 48 (14.8%) showed mono‐resistance to levofloxacin, and 41 (12.6%) had dual resistance to both antibiotics. Compared to E‐test results, the sensitivity and specificity of the multiplex rt‐PCR method for detecting clarithromycin resistance mutation were 93.2 (95% CI 84.3–97.5) and 87.1% (95% CI 82.2–90.9), respectively. For levofloxacin resistance mutation, the multiplex rt‐PCR method showed a sensitivity of 80.7 (95% CI 70.3–88.3) and a specificity of 93.0% (95% CI 88.7–95.8). Compared to Sanger sequencing, the sensitivity and specificity of the multiplex rt‐PCR method for detecting clarithromycin resistance mutation were 95.8 (95% CI 90.0–98.4) and 96.0% (95% CI 92.6–98.0), respectively. For levofloxacin resistance mutation, the multiplex rt‐PCR method showed a sensitivity of 91.3% (95% CI, 83.1–95.9) and a specificity of 96.1% (95% CI, 92.7–98.0).ConclusionGenotypic methods, including Sanger sequencing and multiplex rt‐PCR, were rapid and reliable for diagnosing clarithromycin and levofloxacin resistance in the stool samples.
Low Temperature Plasma Jet Treatment Promotes Skin Wound Healing by Enhancing Cell Proliferation via the PI3K‐AKT and AMPK Pathways
Authors: Zhu Yuehan , Lian Xinrong , Li Kaici , Zhang Jingya , Wu Wenjing , Zhang Xinhua , Zhang Jin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTLow temperature plasma jet (LTPJ) treatment can promote skin wound healing, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. In the present study, we verified the effect of LTPJ in accelerating wound healing and investigated its underlying mechanism. With mouse model, two full‐thickness dermal wounds were created in each mouse (n = 8). One wound underwent LTPJ treatment for 10 min, while the other wound without LTPJ treatment served as a control. The percentage of wound closure and collagen content in epidermis increased significantly, which indicated that LTPJ treatment significantly enhanced wound healing through contraction. RNA‐seq analysis was conducted to understand the underlying mechanisms. A total of 77 differentially expressed genes (DGEs) were identified. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses revealed that the DGEs were mainly related to the collagen‐containing extracellular matrix, cell cycle, PI3K‐AKT signalling pathway and AMPK signalling pathway, which are known to be related to wound healing. HaCaT keratinocytes were used to study LTPJ effects on cell proliferation in vitro. In agreement with the in vivo results, the in vitro datas also demonstrated that LTPJ treatment affected the activity of the PI3K‐AKT and AMPK pathways. Our findings suggest that LTPJ treatment promotes skin wound healing by inducing genes associated with wound healing, promoting PI3K‐AKT signalling, and suppressing the AMPK signalling pathway.
Time Allocation to Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour and Its Impact on Sarcopenia Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Chien Shao‐Yun , Wang Tsuei‐Hung , Tzeng Ya‐Ling , Lu Shu‐Hua , Chang Ting‐Shan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo evaluate the relationship between time spent in sedentary behaviour and physical activity and sarcopenia in older adults, and to analyse the effect of reallocating time between different intensities of activities on sarcopenia.DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsFollowing PRISMA guidelines, data were synthesised using a random‐effects model, with heterogeneity assessed via Cochran's Q test and the I2 statistic. Study quality was evaluated using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale by two independent reviewers.Data SourcesA comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane databases for studies published up to November 5, 2024, with no language or date restrictions. Relevant reference lists were also manually screened.ResultsThe present review included six studies involving 9914 older adults. Three studies suggested that older adults without sarcopenia spent more time performing light physical activities (SMD: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.24–0.45) and moderate to vigorous physical activity (SMD: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.49–0.74) and had less sedentary behaviour (SMD: −0.34; 95% CI: −0.51 to −0.16) than did older adults with sarcopenia. Replacing sedentary behaviour with an equivalent amount of moderate to vigorous physical activity (10, 30, or 60 min) each day can reduce the risk of sarcopenia, with 30 min showing the best preventive effect. However, research findings on the relationship between substituting sedentary behaviour time with light physical activities and sarcopenia are inconsistent.Implications for the ProfessionEncouraging older adults to engage in moderate to vigorous physical activity, even in short bouts of 10 min, can significantly reduce the risk of sarcopenia. Healthcare professionals should tailor activity recommendations to individual preferences and physical conditions to promote overall health and reduce sedentary behaviour.Patient and Public ContributionNo Patient or Public Contribution.Trial RegistrationCRD42023416166
The Empathy Level and Its Associated Factors Among Nursing Assistants in Long‐Term Care Facilities
Authors: Hu Hsiao‐Ling , Chi Yu‐Chen , Chuang Yeu‐Hui 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimThis study aimed to investigate empathy levels among nursing assistants (NAs) in long‐term care facilities (LTCFs) and identify factors associated with empathy levels.DesignA cross‐sectional national study.MethodsWe recruited 512 NAs from 232 LTCFs across Taiwan. Participants completed structured questionnaires including information on demographic characteristics and the Jefferson Scale of Empathy‐Health Professions version (JSE‐HP). The data were collected from April to July 2023.ResultsThe average JSE‐HP score among NAs was 101.46 ± 14.05. Empathy levels were significantly associated with several factors, including age, educational background, religious beliefs, economic status, length of work experience, and prior empathy training or courses. A multiple linear regression analysis identified age, educational level, economic status, and prior empathy training as significant predictors of empathy levels among NAs.ConclusionsThe findings of this study revealed that NAs in LTCFs in Taiwan exhibited low levels of empathy. NAs, who were older, had higher educational levels, had a better economic status, and had previous empathy training or courses demonstrated higher levels of empathy.ImpactEmpathy is vital in caregiving, and it is crucial to urgently address and enhance empathy among NAs. Future research should focus on developing targeted interventions to improve empathy levels of NAs within LTCFs.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Carer Involvement in Rehabilitation for People Living With Dementia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lee Cheng‐Ya , Jeon Yun‐Hee , Watson Karen 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimsTo examine the role and impact of carer involvement in rehabilitation for community‐dwelling individuals with dementia, focusing on cognitive stimulation therapy, cognitive rehabilitation, cognitive training, cognitive behavioural therapy, and exercise.DesignA systematic review and synthesis without meta‐analysis.Data SourcesFive electronic databases, reference lists, and citations were searched (2017–2024), targeting primary research that reported results concerning one or more of those five focused rehabilitation interventions for people with dementia and their carers.MethodsResults were synthesised using narrative approaches. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool were used to appraise the quality of included studies.ResultsForty‐one studies (12 main trials, 22 pilot studies, and 7 sub‐studies) were included. While the patterns between carer involvement level and types of rehabilitation were observed, their relationship to intervention effectiveness was unclear. High carer involvement in cognitive stimulation therapy and exercise was associated with improved cognition and quality of life for people with dementia and better health‐related quality of life for carers. Pilot studies showed mixed but generally positive trends, with increased depressive symptoms in carers needing further investigation. Qualitative findings highlighted social interaction and improved caregiving knowledge as key enablers to positive experiences, whereas lack of motivation was the main barrier to rehabilitation engagement.ConclusionThis review identified several patterns between the level of carer involvement and intervention types. However, the mechanism underlying different involvement levels and rehabilitation success remains unclear. More rigorous research is needed to determine the relationship between carer involvement and the effects of rehabilitation interventions on supporting the independence of people with dementia.ImpactThis review enhanced the understanding of carers' roles and impacts in supporting dementia rehabilitation and possible links to optimal health outcomes.Reporting MethodSynthesis Without Meta‐analysis (SWiM) reporting guideline.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient/public contribution.
Progress in Research on Regulated Cell Death in Cerebral Ischaemic Injury After Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Chen Zumin , Wang Shuangwei , Shu Tian , Xia Senlin , He Yanmei , Yang Yanhan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIschaemic damage to the brain is the main cause of brain injury after cardiac arrest. The current treatment focuses on early reperfusion, but reperfusion tends to cause reperfusion injury, which is a significant problem. Cell death is an irreversible and normal end to cell life, playing key roles in maintaining the homeostasis and development of multicellular organisms. To date, cell death can be classified into two categories: accidental cell death (ACD) and regulated cell death (RCD). Cell death plays an indispensable role in cerebral ischaemia injury. An increasing number of scholars are exploring the mechanisms and sites of cell death during targeted inhibition of cerebral ischaemia to treat cerebral ischaemia injury. In addition to the established cell death pathways, namely, the apoptosis, pyroptosis and necroptosis pathways, ferroptosis and cuproptosis pathways have been discovered. This article reviews the cell death pathways involved in ischaemic brain injury, discusses the roles played by these death modalities, and suggests therapeutic directions for future targeting of cell death sites.
Angiotensin‐(1–9) Improves the Cardioprotective Effects of Del Nido Cardioplegia Against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Mendoza‐Torres Evelyn , Sanchez Gina , Rosales Wendy , Ospino María Clara , Díaz‐Ariza Luis Antonio , Montoya Yuliet , Bustamante John , Riquelme Jaime A. , Chiong Mario , Lavandero Sergio 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTDel Nido cardioplegia (DNC), a blood‐and‐crystalloid solution containing high and low concentrations of potassium and calcium, respectively, is used as a single‐dose antegrade infusion to induce immediate cardiac arrest in the surgery of patients with cardiovascular diseases requiring extracorporeal circulation. Adding cardioprotective molecules may further reduce the damage‐triggered ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Angiotensin‐(1–9) (Ang‐(1–9)) and angiotensin‐(1–7) (Ang‐(1–7)), members of the counter‐regulatory renin‐angiotensin system, have shown cardioprotective effects in cardiac hypertrophy and I/R models. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Ang‐(1–9) and Ang‐(1–7), as adjuvants of the DNC, on cardioprotection and ventricular function in isolated rat hearts subjected to I/R and in cultured neonatal rat ventricular myocytes subjected to simulated I/R (sI/R). The addition of DNC and Ang‐(1–9) and Ang‐(1–7) decreased lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release in cultured cardiomyocytes subjected to sI/R in comparison to those cardiomyocytes subjected to sI/R and incubated with DNC alone. Moreover, hearts treated with Ang‐(1–9) during reperfusion after DNC + I/R exhibited fewer arrhythmias and required less time to reach left ventricular developed pressure stability. Overall, reperfusion with DNC and Ang‐(1–9) improves the recovery of the left ventricular function of the heart.
Recognition Versus Disclosure and Managerial Discretion: Evidence From Japanese Pension Accounting
Authors: Kusano Masaki 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTI examine the impact of disclosing versus recognizing pension liabilities on managerial discretion regarding pension assumptions, exploiting the unique Japanese accounting standard. In Japan, the current pension accounting standard requires firms to recognize pension items—actuarial gains/losses and prior service costs—in consolidated financial statements; however, firms still disclose these items in the notes when preparing unconsolidated financial statements. I find that recognition firms, those that recognize the previously disclosed pension items on the balance sheet, choose higher discount rates than disclosure firms, those that still disclose them in the notes. Further, I find that my results are driven mainly by firms with more debt‐contracting incentives. Overall, my findings suggest that mandating the recognition of pension liabilities induces managerial manipulation of pension assumptions.
Social Media Sentiment and Classification Shifting
Authors: Wu Peng , Gu Yiyang , Hou Liya 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the role of social media sentiment in classification shifting. Prior literature finds that social media can either reduce accruals management by reducing information asymmetry or increase it by raising market expectations. Using a sample of 21,635 firm‐year observations based on data from Chinese A‐share listed firms from 2009 to 2020, we examine how social media sentiment from the stock forum EastMoney affects classification shifting in China. We find that managers increase classification shifting in response to negative social media sentiment, and our channel tests support the market pressure hypothesis. We confirm that negative social media sentiment increases classification shifting by exerting greater market pressure on managers. We also find that, if accruals or real earnings management is constrained, firms resort to classification shifting to address negative social media sentiment. Finally, we show that negative social media sentiment triggers more stock volatility and price drops. Our study contributes to the earnings management literature by providing novel evidence that sheds light on the market pressure exerted by social media in shaping earnings management strategies.
MdZFP7 integrates JA and GA signals via interaction with MdJAZ2 and MdRGL3a in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis and undergoes degradation by the E3 ubiquitin ligase MdBRG3
Authors: Ji Xing‐Long , Zhao Ling‐Ling , Liu Baoyou , Yuan Yong‐Bing , Han Yuepeng , You Chun‐Xiang , An Jian‐Ping 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTJasmonic acid (JA) and gibberellin (GA) coordinate many aspects of plant growth and development, including anthocyanin biosynthesis. However, the crossover points of JA and GA signals and the pathways through which they interact to regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism by which the zinc finger protein (ZFP) transcription factor Malus domestica ZFP7 (MdZFP7) regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis by integrating JA and GA signals at the transcriptional and post‐translational levels. MdZFP7 is a positive regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis, which fulfills its role by directly activating the expression of MdMYB1 and enhancing the transcriptional activation of MdWRKY6 on the target genes MdDFR and MdUF3GT. MdZFP7 integrates JA and GA signals by interacting with the JA repressor apple JASMONATE ZIM‐DOMAIN2 (MdJAZ2) and the GA repressor apple REPRESSOR‐of‐ga1‐3‐like 3a (MdRGL3a). MdJAZ2 weakens the transcriptional activation of MdMYB1 by MdZFP7 and disrupts the MdZFP7–MdWRKY6 interaction, thereby reducing the anthocyanin biosynthesis promoted by MdZFP7. MdRGL3a contributes to the stimulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis by MdZFP7 by sequestering MdJAZ2 from the MdJAZ2–MdZFP7 complex. The E3 ubiquitin ligase apple BOI‐related E3 ubiquitin‐protein ligase 3 (MdBRG3), which is antagonistically regulated by JA and GA, targets the ubiquitination degradation of MdZFP7. The MdBRG3‐MdZFP7 module moves the crosstalk of JA and GA signals from the realm of transcriptional regulation and into the protein post‐translational modification. In conclusion, this study not only elucidates the node‐role of MdZFP7 in the integration of JA and GA signals, but also describes the transcriptional and post‐translational regulatory network of anthocyanin biosynthesis with MdZFP7 as the hub.
Comparative accuracy of digital impressions using universal dual‐purpose scan jigs for maxillary implant full arch impressions: An in vitro study
Authors: Almalki Abdulrahman , Akl Mohammed A. , Robaian Ali , Althubaitiy Ramzi , Alnasser Abdullah , Anadioti Evanthia 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeTo assess the accuracy of intraoral scanners (IOSs) for final impressions using dual‐purpose scan jigs (DPSJs) and standard scan bodies (SBs).Materials and MethodsAn edentulous typodont model with multiunit abutment analogs in the lateral incisor (L), premolar (P), and molar (M) regions was used for intraoral scanning following the manufacturer's recommended protocol. This process involved digitally scanning standard SBs and DPSJs, with the obtained data superimposed and compared against the reference model. Three‐dimensional (3D) evaluation software (Geomagic Control X) was then employed to identify any deviations in the data, followed by statistical analysis using ANOVA one‐way tests and Bonferroni post hoc tests to determine differences at each location.ResultsThe overall accuracy ranged from 21.8 to 16.8 µm for DPSJs and from 25.3 to 16.1 µm for SBs. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences between DPSJs and SBs across lateral incisor (L), premolar (P), and molar (M) locations. Specifically, SBs exhibited higher accuracy in lateral incisors (16.8 µm) compared to DPSJs (21.8 µm), but this difference lacked statistical significance. Similarly, in premolar locations, SBs were slightly more accurate (16.1 µm) than DPSJs (17.3 µm), with no statistical significance. Conversely, DPSJs showed slightly better accuracy in molar locations (17.3 µm) than SBs (19.1 µm), which was not statistically significant.ConclusionThe in vitro study concluded that intraoral digital scanning with DPSJs showed comparable accuracy to standard scan bodies for fully edentulous arches. Furthermore, the 3D deviation of implant positions using both DPSJs and SBs fell within clinically acceptable ranges.
Cultural Difference in the Effect of Bowing on Perceptions of Attractiveness
Authors: Osugi Takayuki , Kawahara Jun I. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn Japan, it is customary to show respect to or greet someone by bowing, which involves lowering the head and bending the upper body. Previous studies have shown that a three‐dimensional computer‐generated model performing a bowing motion is perceived as more attractive than a model who is standing still. Furthermore, attractiveness is greater with a longer‐duration bowing motion, including the bending motion, the bent posture, and the stretching motion. These results suggest that bowing is associated with politeness and submissiveness, and it has a synergistic effect with physical attractiveness to enhance overall attractiveness in cultures where bowing is common. However, previous studies mainly focused on Japanese university students, and it remains unclear whether the increase in attractiveness due to bowing is evident in other cultural contexts. The present study examined the cultural dependency of the bowing effect on personal impressions in multiple cultural groups. The effect of bowing on personal impressions was compared among cultural groups. Experiment 1 involved participants from Japan, the United States, Brazil, and India, while Experiment 2 included participants from Japan, the United States, China, and Taiwan. The results indicated that the bowing effect was smaller or not observed in the non‐Japanese cultural groups, particularly for formal bowing. These findings suggest that the increase in attractiveness due to bowing is closely related to the Japanese cultural context.