bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attention Pyramid Convolutional Neural Network Optimized with Big Data for Teaching Aerobics
Authors: Chen Chunmei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAerobics has emerged as a widely embraced cardiovascular exercise, fostering improved fitness through rhythmic movements that enhance heart rate, stamina, endurance, and cardiovascular health. Effective instruction by skilled professionals is crucial for maximizing the benefits of aerobics, ensuring participants' correct and safe performance. This study introduces the concept of Aerobics Movement Teaching, emphasizing its pivotal role in college physical education. The proposed method, Attention Pyramid Convolutional Neural Network optimized with big data for teaching Aerobics (AP-CNN-BTA), focuses on enhancing aesthetic ability and overall human development. Data from the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation Data Set are collected, preprocessed, and utilized in the teaching process using the Attention Pyramid Convolutional Neural Network, specifically designed for efficient aerobics instruction in coastal areas. The resulting data are stored in the cloud and accessed through a human interface unit. The implementation, carried out in Python, undergoes evaluation using various metrics, including accuracy, computational time, sensitivity, specificity, precision, and ROC analysis. The simulation results demonstrate a remarkable improvement, with the proposed technique achieving 36.52%, 39.55%, and 43.75% higher accuracy compared to existing methods such as Exploration on and thinking about aesthetic infiltration in aerobics teaching in colleges and universities(ETAI-AT-CU), sea level height depending on big data of the Internet of Things along aerobics teaching in coastal regions(SLH-BD-IOT-ATC), and impact of deep learning-based curriculum's ideological and political integration on sports aerobics instruction design(IP-CDL-TDTA), respectively. This research contributes to advancing the efficacy of aerobics instruction, particularly in coastal regions, and underscores the significance of comprehensive student development through high-quality education.
Visual Ship Image Synthesis and Classification Framework Based on Attention-DCGAN
Authors: Xiao Yuqing , Luo Liang , Yu Boxiang , Ji Shengchen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo improving ship image generation and classification tasks, a deep convolution generative adversarial network based on attention mechanism (ADCGAN) model was constructed. The rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation function was adopted, and three Deconv layers and Conv layers were added to both the generator and discriminator. Subsequently, an attention mechanism was added to the generator, while spectral normalization (SN) was added to the discriminator. Mean squared error (MSE) was used as loss function to stabilize the training process. Furthermore, ship classification tasks were performed using the generated ship images by end-to-end training of the classification network, enabling ship data augmentation and co-learning with other tasks. Experimental results on the Ship700 and Seaship7000 datasets demonstrate that the ADCGAN model can generate clear and robust ship images, with PSNR, LIPIPS, MS-SSIM values of 20.279 and 27.523, 0.596 and 0.096, 0.781 and 0.947, respectively. The effectiveness of the proposed method in ship image classification tasks was also verified, providing a data foundation for other collaborative tasks.
Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the Arabian Gulf Region Over a 12-Year Period (2010–2021)
Authors: Alatoom A. , Alattas M. , Alraddadi B. , Moubareck C. Ayoub , Hassanien A. , Jamal W. , Kurdi A. , Mohamed N. , Senok A. , Somily A. M. , Ziglam H. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate literature from a 12-year period (2010–2021) on the antimicrobial resistance profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the Arabian Gulf countries (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates).

Methods
An electronic literature search was conducted for articles on antimicrobial resistance in P. aeruginosa and associated phenotypes, covering the period of 1st January 2010 to 1st December 2021.

Results
Antimicrobial resistance in the Arabian Gulf was highest to meropenem (10.3–45.7%) and lowest to colistin (0.0–0.8%), among the agents tested. Annual data showed that ceftazidime resistance (Kuwait), piperacillin-tazobactam non-susceptibility (Qatar), and aztreonam, imipenem, and meropenem resistance (Saudi Arabia) increased by 12–17%. Multiple mechanisms of carbapenem resistance were identified and multiple clones were detected, including high-risk clones such as ST235. The most common carbapenemases detected were the VIM-type metallo-β-lactamases.

Conclusions
Among P. aeruginosa in the Arabian Gulf countries, resistance to meropenem was higher than to the other agents tested, and meropenem resistance increased in Saudi Arabia during the study period. Resistance to colistin, a classic antibiotic used to treat Pseudomonas spp. infections, remained low. The VIM-type β-lactamase genes were dominant. We recommend local and regional antimicrobial resistance surveillance programs to detect the emergence of resistance genes and to monitor antimicrobial resistance trends in P. aeruginosa.
Implementation of electronic lab notebooks (ELNs) in science laboratory classes: student response and lessons learned
Authors: Chen Stefanie H. , Garcia Christina B. , Lazear Eric , Lentz Thomas B. , Robertson Sabrina D. , Li Zhen , Goller Carlos C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs data and protocols are increasingly generated, accessed, and manipulated electronically, many labs are shifting to storing data in electronic laboratory notebooks (ELNs). ELNs provide clear advantages in readability, shareability, searchability, accessibility, and data security over their paper counterparts. Our interdisciplinary program implemented ELNs across several sections of our gateway molecular biology laboratory course and analyzed the impact on 384 students (13 sections total from Fall 2016 to Spring 2018) using surveys, focus groups, and grade data. We found that students prefer the electronic format, citing the ease of transitioning to lab reports and the longevity of their data. Course grades overall were not affected by the change. Based on our experience, we offer suggestions for smoothing the transition to an ELN system in undergraduate and graduate laboratory courses, including use during remote teaching.
Assessing the ecological impact of beach tourism on crustacean abundance: a case study from West Coast of India
Authors: Teerthala Meghana , Patankar Vardhan Jayant , Chatakonda Murali Krishna 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSandy beaches are vulnerable to natural and anthropogenic disturbances like coastal hydrological disasters, coastal erosion, sea-level rise, pollution, and land degradation. Apart from these, at the habitat level, tourism and recreation activities impact the sandy beach ecosystem in countless ways. Several studies indicate that trampling caused due to human visitation negatively impacts the macrobenthic communities. In this study, along with the trampling effect, we assessed the impact of human visitation on the sandy beach ecosystem using factors like littering and human-induced predation pressure. The study was conducted on three sandy beaches in the Udupi district of Indian coastal state, Karnataka. We used human presence, predation pressure, and total litter as response variables; against sand crabs and ghost crabs as indicator species. The results indicated a significant correlation between response variables. Sand crabs were less affected by the human presence (r = 0.07, p = 0.14); however, ghost crab abundance was negatively influenced by human presence (r = − 0.36, p < 0.05), predation pressure (r = − 0.28, p < 0.05), and by litter presence (r = − 0.28, p < 0.05) at the beaches. We observed that human presence impacts sand crabs and ghost crabs directly (trampling) and indirectly (attracting human commensal predators through beach litter). We highlight the impacts of tourism on often neglected crab assemblages and emphasise the importance of deriving appropriate conservation measures for sandy beach ecosystems.
Calculation algorithm for electromagnetic wave processes in multi-wire intersystem ETL
Authors: Huseyn Rashad , Hashimov Arif , Shokri Ali , Mukalazi Herbert 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe nature of the transient process and the magnitude of the overvoltages are determined by a large number of factors in the HV/EHV AC transmission networks. The paper presents the study of mathematical modelling of electromagnetic wave processes in long-distance electric transmission line (ETL). The mathematical model is based on electromagnetic processes occurring on distributed parameter lines that are characterized by specific derivatives of the system of differential equations. The application of a spline-interpolation technique enables the calculation of currents and voltages at the nodes of the scheme, which obtains the unknown coordinates of the overhead line mode at the beginning of the ETL to solve the transmission line equation. The following results are derived from computer simulations of transients during switching on. With a simulation model, the importance of intelligent control of shunt reactor (SR) and ungrounded reactor (UR) was demonstrated and considered for a 500 kV power networks.
Impact of natural antioxidant (silybin) on the thermal stability of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene: a thermogravimetric study
Authors: Khattar Nidhi , Jagriti  , Kainth Shagun , Sharma Piyush , Ahlawat Vishal , Berar Urmila , Diwan Pawan K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe natural antioxidant (Silybin), with different concentrations, is introduced in Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) and impact on thermal stability is observed. For this, thermograms are recorded at 5 ℃/min heating rate in temperature region 50–600 ℃ through Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) technique. The model fitting (Coats and Redfern) kinetic approach is adopted to determine activation energy of each recorded thermograms to identify optimum silybin concentration. UHMWPE, with optimum silybin concentration, are further subjected to three other heating rates (10, 15 and 20 ℃) in the same temperature region. By employing deconvolution (bi-Gaussian asymmetric function) approach, two iso-conversional kinetic models (Starink (SR) and Friedman (FR)) are utilized to obtain activation energies of the deconvoluted peaks. Further, the reaction mechanism involved in thermal decomposition, change in entropy $$\left({\Delta \text{S}}^{\#}\right)$$

Δ
S

#

, change in enthalpy $$\left({\Delta \text{H}}^{\#}\right)$$

Δ
H

#

and change in Gibbs free energy $$\left(\Delta {\text{G}}^{\#}\right)$$

Δ

G

#

are determined.
The Genesis of A‐Type Granites in Lower Yangtze River Belt: Evidence From Calcium Isotopes
Authors: Luo Zebin , Ling Mingxing , Lu Wenning , Li Xin , Li He , Zhu Hongli , Liu Fang , Zhang Zhaofeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA‐type granite is a favorable rock for the study of crustal evolution, crust‐mantle interaction and metallogenesis. However, the origin of A‐type granite remains controversial. In this study, we report high‐precision Ca isotopic compositions of a co‐genetic suite of A‐type granites from the Lower Yangtze River Belt (LYRB) in eastern China. Our results show that the δ44/40Ca of the A‐type granites ranges from 0.55 ± 0.11‰ to 1.44 ± 0.06‰, and is negatively correlated with CaO, Sr and Ba contents and Eu/Eu*, indicating that the Ca isotope fractionation of A‐type granites is dominated by plagioclase and potassium feldspar. There is kinetic fractionation of Ca isotopes during A‐type granite magma evolution. Sample BSL‐7, the least evolved sample, revealed that it had a low δ44/40Ca of 0.59‰, which is significantly lower than that of the upper continental crust (δ44/40Ca = 0.71–0.72‰) and the bulk silicate earth (δ44/40Ca = 0.94‰). The low δ44/40Ca can be best explained by partial melting of the enriched mantle metasomatized by subduction material. Combined with the geodynamic background of the LYRB, we propose that the formation of A‐type granites in the LYRB originates from partial melting of the enriched mantle, triggered by early Cretaceous ridge subduction of the Pacific and Izanagi plates.
Nitrification in a Subterranean Estuary: An Ex Situ and In Situ Method Comparison Determines Nitrate Is Available for Discharge
Authors: Wilson Stephanie J. , Song Bongkeun , Anderson Iris C. , Tobias Craig R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSubterranean estuaries (STEs) form in the subsurface where fresh groundwater and seawater meet and mix. Subterranean estuaries support a variety of biogeochemical processes including those transforming nitrogen (N). Groundwater is often enriched with dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), and transformations in the STE determine the fate of that DIN, which may be discharged to coastal waters. Nitrification oxidizes ammonium (NH4+) to nitrate, making DIN available for N removal via denitrification. We measured nitrification at an STE, in Virginia, USA using in situ and ex situ methods including conservative mixing models informed by in situ geochemical profiles, an in situ experiment with 15NH4+ tracer injection, and ex situ sediment slurry incubations with 15NH4+ tracer addition. All methods indicated nitrification in the STE, but the ex situ sediment slurries revealed higher rates than both the in situ tracr experiment and mixing model estimations. Nitrification rates ranged 55.0–183.16 μmol N m−2 d−1 based on mixing models, 94.2–225 μmol N m−2 d−1 in the in situ tracer experiment, and 36.6–109 μmol N m−2 d−1 slurry incubations. The in situ tracer experiment revealed higher rates and spatial variation not captured by the other methods. The geochemical complexity of the STE makes it difficult to replicate in situ conditions with incubations and calculations based on chemical profiles integrate over longer timescales, therefore, in situ approaches may best quantify transformation rates. Our data suggest that STE nitrification produces NO3−, altering the DIN pool discharged to overlying water via submarine groundwater discharge.
Estimating the CO2 Fertilization Effect on Extratropical Forest Productivity From Flux‐Tower Observations
Authors: Zhan Chunhui , Orth René , Yang Hui , Reichstein Markus , Zaehle Sönke , De Kauwe Martin G. , Rammig Anja , Winkler Alexander J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe land sink of anthropogenic carbon emissions, a crucial component of mitigating climate change, is primarily attributed to the CO2 fertilization effect on global gross primary productivity (GPP). However, direct observational evidence of this effect remains scarce, hampered by challenges in disentangling the CO2 fertilization effect from other long‐term confounding drivers, particularly climatic changes. Here, we introduce a novel statistical approach to separate the CO2 fertilization effect on photosynthetic carbon uptake using eddy covariance (EC) records across 38 extratropical forest sites. We find the median stimulation rate of GPP to be 3.2 ± 0.9 gC m−2 yr−1 ppm−1 (or 16.4 ± 4.2% per 100 ppm) under increasing atmospheric CO2 across these sites, respectively. To validate the robustness of our findings, we test our statistical method using factorial simulations of an ensemble of process‐based land surface models. We address additional factors, including nitrogen deposition and land management, that may impact plant productivity, potentially confounding the attribution to the CO2 fertilization effect. Assuming these site‐specific effects offset to some extent across sites as random factors, the estimated median value still reflects the strength of the CO2 fertilization effect. However, disentanglement of these long‐term effects, often inseparable by timescale, requires further causal research. Our study provides direct evidence that the photosynthetic stimulation is maintained under long‐term CO2 fertilization across multiple EC sites. Such observation‐based quantification is key to constraining the long‐standing uncertainties in the land carbon cycle under rising CO2 concentrations.
Measurements of Cosmic Rays by a Mini‐Neutron Monitor at Neumayer III From 2014 to 2017
Authors: Walter M. , Gnebner C. , Heber B. , Herbst K. , Krüger H. , Krüger H. G. , Kühl P. , Prokoph H. P. , Strauss R. D. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA mini‐neutron monitor (MNM) was installed at the German Antarctic Neumayer III station, measuring the variation of galactic cosmic rays and searching for Forbush Decreases (FDs) caused by solar activities. Running continuously from 2014 until the end of 2017, the long‐term stability of the detector could be investigated. After correcting the air pressure and normalization to the 27 days running mean averages of the SANAE and TERA Neutron Monitors (NMs), the daily running mean count rates are compared with the SANAE and TERA NMs also installed in Antarctica. For most of the 14 FDs with magnitudes greater than 3, taken from the list compiled by the IZMIRAN group (http://spaceweather.izmiran.ru/eng/dbs.html), the three detectors show consistent particle flux variation, although the average rate of the MNM is more than a hundred times smaller. The light and low‐cost MNM is an ideal alternative to heavy and old NMs, especially at high altitudes and remote environments.
Vitamin D is involved in the effects of the intestinal flora and its related metabolite TMAO on perirenal fat and kidneys in mice with DKD
Authors: Zheng Xiaodi , Huang Yuhong , Yang Mengxue , Jin Lulu , Zhang Xuemeng , Zhang Rui , Wu Yueyue , Yan Cuili , Gao Yuan , Zeng Miao , Li Fei , Zhou Xue , Zhang Neng , Liu Jun , Zha Bingbing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Vitamin D was shown to directly exert a protective effect on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in our previous study. However, whether it has an effect on perirenal adipose tissue (PRAT) or the intestinal flora and its metabolites (trimethylamine N-oxide, TMAO) is unclear.

Methods
DKD mice were received different concentrations of 1,25-(OH)2D3 for 2 weeks. Serum TNF-α levels and TMAO levels were detected. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze gut microbiota. qPCR was used to detect the expression of TLR4, NF-Κb, PGC1α, and UCP-1 in kidney and adipose tissue. Histological changes in kidney and perirenal adipose tissue were observed using HE, PAS, Masson and oil red staining. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of VDR, PGC1α, podocin, and UCP-1 in kidney and adipose tissue. Electron microscopy was used to observe the pathological changes in the kidney. VDR knockout mice were constructed to observe the changes in the gut and adipose tissue, and immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of UCP-1 and collagen IV in the kidney.

Results
1,25-(OH)2D3 could improve the dysbiosis of the intestinal flora of mice with DKD, increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria, decrease the abundance of harmful bacteria, reduce the pathological changes in the kidney, reduce fat infiltration, and downregulate the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB in kidneys. The serum TMAO concentration in mice with DKD was significantly higher than that of the control group, and was significantly positively correlated with the urine ACR. In addition, vitamin D stimulated the expression of the surface markers PGC1α, UCP-1 and VDR in the PRAT in DKD mice, and TMAO downregulated the expression of PRAT and renal VDR.

Conclusions
The protective effect of 1,25-(OH)2D3 in DKD mice may affect the intestinal flora and its related metabolite TMAO on perirenal fat and kidneys.
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase signaling stabilizes SLC3A2 expression via MARCH11 to promote neuroblastoma cell growth
Authors: Lai Wei-Yun , Chuang Tzu-Po , Borenäs Marcus , Lind Dan E. , Hallberg Bengt , Palmer Ruth H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSolute Carrier Family 3, Member 2 (SLC3A2 or 4F2hc) is a multifunctional glycoprotein that mediates integrin-dependent signaling, acts as a trafficking chaperone for amino acid transporters, and is involved in polyamine transportation. We identified SLC3A2 as a potential Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) interacting partner in a BioID-proximity labeling screen in neuroblastoma (NB) cells. In this work we show that endogenous SLC3A2 and ALK interact in NB cells and that this SLC3A2:ALK interaction was abrogated upon treatment with the ALK inhibitor lorlatinib. We show here that loss of ALK activity leads to decreased SLC3A2 expression and reduced SLC3A2 protein stability in a panel of NB cell lines, while stimulation of ALK with ALKAL2 ligand resulted in increased SLC3A2 protein levels. We further identified MARCH11, an E3 ligase, as a regulator of SLC3A2 ubiquitination downstream of ALK. Further, knockdown of SLC3A2 resulted in inhibition of NB cell growth. To investigate the therapeutic potential of SLC3A2 targeting, we performed monotreatment of NB cells with AMXT-1501 (a polyamine transport inhibitor), which showed only moderate effects in NB cells. In contrast, a combination lorlatinib/AMXT-1501 treatment resulted in synergistic inhibition of cell growth in ALK-driven NB cell lines. Taken together, our results identify a novel role for the ALK receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), working in concert with the MARCH11 E3 ligase, in regulating SLC3A2 protein stability and function in NB cells. The synergistic effect of combined ALK and polyamine transport inhibition shows that ALK/MARCH11/SLC3A2 regulation of amino acid transport is important for oncogenic growth and survival in NB cells.
Aberrant ER-mitochondria communication is a common pathomechanism in mitochondrial disease
Authors: Morcillo Patricia , Kabra Khushbu , Velasco Kevin , Cordero Hector , Jennings Sarah , Yun Taekyung D. , Larrea Delfina , Akman H. Orhan , Schon Eric A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGenetic mutations causing primary mitochondrial disease (i.e those compromising oxidative phosphorylation [OxPhos]) resulting in reduced bioenergetic output display great variability in their clinical features, but the reason for this is unknown. We hypothesized that disruption of the communication between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria at mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAM) might play a role in this variability. To test this, we assayed MAM function and ER-mitochondrial communication in OxPhos-deficient cells, including cybrids from patients with selected pathogenic mtDNA mutations. Our results show that each of the various mutations studied indeed altered MAM functions, but notably, each disorder presented with a different MAM “signature”. We also found that mitochondrial membrane potential is a key driver of ER-mitochondrial connectivity. Moreover, our findings demonstrate that disruption in ER-mitochondrial communication has consequences for cell survivability that go well beyond that of reduced ATP output. The findings of a “MAM-OxPhos” axis, the role of mitochondrial membrane potential in controlling this process, and the contribution of MAM dysfunction to cell death, reveal a new relationship between mitochondria and the rest of the cell, as well as providing new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of these devastating disorders.