bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineering of Aromatic Naphthalene and Solvent Molecules to Optimize Chemical Prelithiation for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Patra Jagabandhu , Lu Shi‐Xian , Kao Jui‐Cheng , Yu Bing‐Ruei , Chen Yu‐Ting , Su Yu‐Sheng , Wu Tzi‐Yi , Bresser Dominic , Hsieh Chien‐Te , Lo Yu‐Chieh , Chang Jeng‐Kuei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA cost‐effective chemical prelithiation solution, which consists of Li+, polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), and solvent, is developed for a model hard carbon (HC) electrode. Naphthalene and methyl‐substituted naphthalene PAHs, namely 2‐methylnaphthalene and 1‐methylnaphthalene, are first compared. Grafting an electron‐donating methyl group onto the benzene ring can decrease electron affinity and thus reduce the redox potential, which is validated by density functional theory calculations. Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (G1), diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and triethylene glycol dimethyl ether solvents are then compared. The G1 solution has the highest conductivity and least steric hindrance, and thus the 1‐methylnaphthalene/G1 solution shows superior prelithiation capability. In addition, the effects of the interaction time between Li+ and 1‐methylnaphthalene in G1 solvent on the electrochemical properties of a prelithiated HC electrode are investigated. Nuclear magnetic resonance data confirm that 10‐h aging is needed to achieve a stable solution coordination state and thus optimal prelithiation efficacy. It is also found that appropriate prelithiation creates a more Li+‐conducing and robust solid‐electrolyte interphase, improving the rate capability and cycling stability of the HC electrode.
A Multifunctional Tissue‐Engineering Hydrogel Aimed to Regulate Bacterial Ferroptosis‐Like Death and Overcoming Infection Toward Bone Remodeling
Authors: Lu Renjie , Luo Zhiyuan , Zhang Yuanyuan , Chen Jiahao , Zhang Yang , Zhang Chi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractInfection is the most common complication after orthopedic surgery and can result in prolonged ailments such as chronic wounds, enlarged bone defects, and osteomyelitis. Iron, which is essential for bacterial metabolism and immune cell functions, is extremely important. Bacteria harness iron from nearby cells to promote biofilm formation, ensuring their survival. Iron deficiency within the infection microenvironment (IME) consequently hampers macrophage function, enabling further dissemination of the infection and hindering macrophage polarization to the M2 phenotype. Therefore, a novel approach is proposed to regulate macrophage polarization, aiming to restore the inflammatory immune environment. A composite hydrogel derived from natural polymers is developed to address infections and manage iron metabolism in macrophages. This IME‐responsive hydrogel, named FCL‐ECMH, is synthesized by encapsulating vermiculite functional core layers within a decellularized extracellular matrix hydrogel. It is noteworthy that FCL‐ECMH can produce reactive oxygen species within the IME. Supplementary photothermal treatment enhances bacterial iron uptake, leading to ferroptosis‐like death. This process also rejuvenates the iron‐enriched macrophages around the IME, thereby enhancing their antibacterial and tissue repair functions. In vivo experiments confirmed the antibacterial and repair‐promoting capabilities of FCL‐ECMH, indicating its potential for clinical applications.
Biohybrid Nanorobots Carrying Glycoengineered Extracellular Vesicles Promote Diabetic Wound Repair through Dual‐Enhanced Cell and Tissue Penetration
Authors: Yan Chengqi , Feng Kai , Bao Bingkun , Chen Jing , Xu Xiang , Jiang Guoyong , Wang Yufeng , Guo Jiahe , Jiang Tao , Kang Yu , Wang Cheng , Li Chengcheng , Zhang Chi , Nie Pengjuan , Liu Shuoyuan , Machens Hans‐Günther , Zhu Linyong , Yang Xiaofan , Niu Ran , Chen Zhenbing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractConsiderable progress has been made in the development of drug delivery systems for diabetic wounds. However, underlying drawbacks, such as low delivery efficiency and poor tissue permeability, have rarely been addressed. In this study, a multifunctional biohybrid nanorobot platform comprising an artificial unit and several biological components is constructed. The artificial unit is a magnetically driven nanorobot surface modified with antibacterial 2‐hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan, which enables the entire platform to move and has excellent tissue penetration capacity. The biological components are two‐step engineered extracellular vesicles that are first loaded with mangiferin, a natural polyphenolic compound with antioxidant properties, and then glycoengineered on the surface to enhance cellular uptake efficiency. As expected, the platform is more easily absorbed by endothelial cells and fibroblasts and exhibits outstanding dermal penetration performance and antioxidant properties. Encouraging results are also observed in infected diabetic wound models, showing improved wound re‐epithelialization, collagen deposition, angiogenesis, and accelerated wound healing. Collectively, a biohybrid nanorobot platform that possesses the functionalities of both artificial units and biological components serves as an efficient delivery system to promote diabetic wound repair through dual‐enhanced cell and tissue penetration and multistep interventions.
The Farm Workforce Modernization Act and warnings from previous immigration reforms
Authors: Charlton Diane 
Published: June 2024

AbstractImmigrants are vital to agricultural production in the United States, and nearly half the crop workforce is unauthorized. Previous attempts to reform the immigration system have not successfully legalized the farm workforce or caused substantive rise in farmworker incomes. Current proposed legislation would legalize unauthorized farmworkers, streamline the H‐2A agricultural guest worker program, and provide a pathway to citizenship for H‐2A workers while simultaneously requiring agricultural employers to check the immigration status of workers using E‐Verify. This paper discusses proposed farm labor legislation in the context of current farm labor market conditions, outcomes of historical farm labor and immigration policies, and ongoing immigration trends.
Creation of a resident‐led medical student education committee
Authors: Hess Stephanie , Knopov Anita , Matulis Christina , Ebert Eric , Kerrigan Danielle , Lipner Kaitlin , Savarino Jeffrey , Clyne Brian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Resident‐Student Education Committee (RSEC) is a novel approach to integrate and expand medical student education within an emergency medicine (EM) residency at a large academic center. There is a paucity of literature on such programs and there is no documentation of longitudinal initiatives with residents serving as specialty‐specific advisors to students throughout medical school. The goals of creating the RSEC were to expand and improve the student educational experiences in EM, strengthen the connection between students and EM residents, and foster resident career development through sustainable leadership and teaching opportunities. The RSEC was composed of three divisions: the Preclinical Division aimed to increase student exposure to EM through didactics, skill sessions, simulation, and shadowing; the Clinical Division intended to enhance the student experience during clinical EM rotations through simulation and skill sessions and resident‐student socials; and the Mentoring Division focused on advising students applying into EM through informational panels and one‐on‐one resident mentorship. Outcome measures include students applying into EM residency, which saw an increase from 8.9% prior to the RSEC's creation in 2020 to 12.9% in 2023, despite a national decline in EM applicants. Survey data also indicates favorable student preclinical experiences and improved confidence in clinical skills. The RSEC model, with its structured approach, resident leadership, and clear objectives, presents a sustainable and replicable framework for other residency programs seeking to enhance medical student education and promote resident engagement in teaching. Future directions include expanding shadowing opportunities and procedural skills teaching, introducing career mentorship earlier in the medical education timeline, and tracking outcomes data for continuous assessment and improvement.
Individualized throughput metric reports for emergency medicine residents: Impact on time to disposition and resident perceptions
Authors: Becker Brent A. , Bleinberger Andrew J. , Golden Brandon J. , Billet Amber S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundResearch suggests that quantitative metric reports can improve the clinical performance of emergency physicians; however, few studies have examined their effects on physicians in training. The primary study objective was to assess the effects of providing emergency medicine (EM) residents with individualized throughput metrics with regard to emergency department (ED) disposition times.MethodsWe performed a single‐center, retrospective, observational study from January 2021 to December 2022 examining ED disposition times before and after providing upper‐level EM residents individualized throughput metrics. Residents received monthly reports of three specific metrics averaged over the preceding 6 months: (1) median time from room to discharge order (Rm2Dc), (2) median time from return of all results to discharge order (Rlts2Dc), and (3) median time from room and to consult order for hospitalization (Rm2Hosp). Overall mean values of the three metrics before and during metric sharing were compared via independent t‐test and stratified by level of training and time of year. Adjusted analysis was performed to control for temporal differences between study periods. Testing was conducted at α = 0.05 level of significance.ResultsA total of 35 unique residents were included in the analysis. Overall, mean disposition times were not significantly different before and during reporting of metrics: Rm2Dc (154.8 min vs. 148.9 min, p = 0.109), Rslt2Dc (46.5 min vs. 45.1 min, p = 0.522), and Rm2Hosp (141.7 min vs. 135.7 min, p = 0.257). Subgroup analysis yielded similar results, aside from a significant decrease in mean Rm2Hosp in the postgraduate year‐3 (PGY‐3) group (145.8 min vs. 124.1 min, p = 0.004). Analysis with adjusted means yielded results similar to those observed with unadjusted data.ConclusionsOverall, individualized throughput metrics were not correlated with decreased average times to ED disposition for upper‐level EM residents; however, in the subset of hospitalized patients seen by PGY‐3 residents, we observed a mean decrease of 21.7 min to consultation.
Zinc Complexes Supported by Hydroxyl‐Containing Schiff‐Base Ligands as Efficient Catalysts for the Borylation of Aryl Iodides
Authors: Wu Mengxiang , Jia Chaohong , Chen Ling , Gao Xue , Wang Biqin , Li Yahong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe application of a series of hydroxyl‐containing Schiff‐base ligands in the synthesis of zinc complexes is reported. The substituents on the benzene rings, the positions of the C=N double bonds, and the ratio of the ligands to ZnEt2 affect the nuclearities of the zinc compounds. Complexes of various nuclearities were prepared, ranging from trinuclear cluster and dinuclear complexes to mononuclear compounds. Treatment of HL1 (HL1=2‐(((1‐(2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl)‐1H‐pyrrol‐2‐yl)methylene) amino)phenol) with one equivalent of ZnEt2 generated a trinuclear compound [(L1)ZnEt]3 ⋅ 0.8Tol (1 ⋅ 0.8Tol). Three dinuclear compounds [(L2)ZnEt]2 ⋅ Tol (2 ⋅ Tol), [(L3)ZnEt]2 (3), and [(L4)ZnEt]2 (4), and two mononuclear complexes [(L5)ZnEt] (5) and [(L6)ZnEt] (6) were formed by the reactions of HL2−HL6, respectively, with ZnEt2. The HL2−HL6 ligands were obtained by slightly modifying the backbone of the HL1 ligand. Three homoleptic compounds [(L1)2Zn] ⋅ THF (7 ⋅ THF), [(L4)2Zn] ⋅ Tol (8 ⋅ Tol), and [(L5)2Zn] (9) were afforded by changing the ratio of the ligands to ZnEt2 from 1 : 1 (compounds 1 ⋅ 0.8Tol, 4 and 5) to 1 : 0.5. The catalytic potential of all nine compounds for the borylation of aryl iodides by B2Pin2 was explored. The catalytic activity of 2 ⋅ Tol was the highest. The reactions catalyzed by 2 ⋅ Tol possess the features of high functional group tolerance and broad substrate scope.
Palladium(0)‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Indoles and Carbazoles from o‐ Alkenyl (Alkyl) Anilines via C−H Amination Cyclization
Authors: Zhao Yinglin , Yang Xuesu , Zhu Yifei , Yuan Yuqin , Wang Ruitong , Liu Renhua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVarious indoles and carbazoles were synthesized from o‐alkenyl anilines and o‐aryl anilines by the β‐C(sp2)−H bond amination cyclization without any oxidants or hydrogen acceptors. Likewise, employing o‐alkyl anilines as substrates, indole products are also obtained by the β‐C(sp3)−H bond amination cyclization, and dehydrogenation. In this cross‐dehydrogenative coupling, many different functional groups are tolerated, and hydrogen gas is the only by‐product, thereby providing an intrinsically waste‐free approach for the synthesis of indoles and carbazoles.
Processing improvement of response and stability of strain sensor based on CNT‐bioplastic composite for estimation of elbow angles
Authors: Tippo Posak , Maruthappan Manikandan , Ručman Stefan , Jumrus Nidchamon , Kantarak Ekkapong , Sroila Wattikon , Thongsuwan Wiradej , Wiranwetchayan Orawan , Thongpan Winai , Kumpika Tewasin , Singjai Pisith 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBioplastic is an emerging candidate for replacing traditional fossil‐based plastics due to its fewer carbon emissions, ease of recycling, and high degradability. Current research has shown that bioplastics benefit many applications, such as packaging, kitchenware, drug delivery, and sensors. However, high electrical resistance and poor stability of bioplastic are barriers to electronic components in robotic, bionic, and exoskeleton applications. Here, we introduce a novel bioplastic application as a strain sensor to estimate elbow angles for controlling exoskeletons. This study utilized extracted agar from red algae as the matrix, incorporating various concentrations of carbon nanotube (CNT) as a filler. The results were remarkable, with the increase in filler concentration not only improving strain from 0.8 to 1.1 but also stress from 35.2 to 45.8 kPa, surpassing commercial plastic by approximately two times. The optimized sensors have a response time of 0.16 s, a recovery time of 0.25 s, and stability over 10,000 cycles. Furthermore, the CNT‐bioplastic sensor is seamlessly integrated with the exoskeleton. Our work is a significant step toward using bioplastic in electronic applications.
Developing Asparagaceae1726: An Asparagaceae‐specific probe set targeting 1726 loci for Hyb‐Seq and phylogenomics in the family
Authors: Bentz Philip C. , Leebens‐Mack Jim 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPremiseTarget sequence capture (Hyb‐Seq) is a cost‐effective sequencing strategy that employs RNA probes to enrich for specific genomic sequences. By targeting conserved low‐copy orthologs, Hyb‐Seq enables efficient phylogenomic investigations. Here, we present Asparagaceae1726—a Hyb‐Seq probe set targeting 1726 low‐copy nuclear genes for phylogenomics in the angiosperm family Asparagaceae—which will aid the often‐challenging delineation and resolution of evolutionary relationships within Asparagaceae.MethodsHere we describe and validate the Asparagaceae1726 probe set (https://github.com/bentzpc/Asparagaceae1726) in six of the seven subfamilies of Asparagaceae. We perform phylogenomic analyses with these 1726 loci and evaluate how inclusion of paralogs and bycatch plastome sequences can enhance phylogenomic inference with target‐enriched data sets.ResultsWe recovered at least 82% of target orthologs from all sampled taxa, and phylogenomic analyses resulted in strong support for all subfamilial relationships. Additionally, topology and branch support were congruent between analyses with and without inclusion of target paralogs, suggesting that paralogs had limited effect on phylogenomic inference.DiscussionAsparagaceae1726 is effective across the family and enables the generation of robust data sets for phylogenomics of any Asparagaceae taxon. Asparagaceae1726 establishes a standardized set of loci for phylogenomic analysis in Asparagaceae, which we hope will be widely used for extensible and reproducible investigations of diversification in the family.
Advancements in biogas: effect of pulsed feeding with corn screen residues on pig manure properties and microbial variability
Authors: Galván María José , Degano Salvador , Cagnolo Mara , Badin Francisco , Acevedo Diego , Becker Analía 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis research focuses on the impact of pulsed feeding of corn residues on biogas production from pig manure. It also analyzes the properties and microbial diversity in the resulting product. The study highlights the increasing global demand for pork and the resulting environmental challenges, such as effluent management, and suggests that biogas production can be a sustainable solution. The research was conducted at a model farm in Argentina and involved evaluating biogas production and microbial variability at different stages of the pulsed feeding process. The results showed a significant decrease in the chemical and biochemical oxygen demands after the degassing process, indicating a reduction in organic matter. The biogas composition improved with an increase in methane and a reduction in volatile fatty acids. There was also an increase in biogas and methane production and a decrease in methane production lag time, indicating an improvement in anaerobic digestion efficiency. Microbiological analysis revealed a reduction in microbial diversity during pulsed feeding, indicating the adaptation of the microbial community to new conditions. Overall, the study demonstrates the potential of pulsed feeding of corn residues to enhance biogas production from pig manure, with significant implications for effluent management in pork production and sustainable biogas production.
Recent advances of piezo‐catalysis and photocatalysis for efficient environmental remediation
Authors: Alshammari Khaled F. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe efficient degradation of organic pollutants in diverse environmental matrices can be achieved through the synergistic application of piezo‐catalysis and photocatalysis. The focus of this study is on understanding the fundamental principles and mechanisms that govern the collaborative action of piezoelectric and photocatalytic materials. Piezoelectric nanomaterials, under mechanical stress, generate piezo‐potential, which, when coupled with photocatalysts, enhances the generation and separation of charge carriers. The resulting cascade of redox reactions promotes the degradation of a wide spectrum of organic pollutants. The comprehensive investigation involves a variety of experimental techniques, including advanced spectroscopy and microscopy, to elucidate the intricate interplay between mechanical and photoinduced processes. The influence of key parameters, such as material composition, morphology, and external stimuli on the catalytic performance, is systematically explored. This study contributes to the increasing knowledge of environmental remediation and lays the foundation for the development of advanced technologies using piezo and photocatalysis for sustainable pollutant removal.
Evaluation of hydrolyzed cheese whey medium for enhanced bacterial cellulose production by Komagataeibacter rhaeticus MSCL 1463
Authors: Kolesovs Sergejs , Neiberts Kristaps , Semjonovs Pavels , Beluns Sergejs , Platnieks Oskars , Gaidukovs Sergejs 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIndustrial production of bacterial cellulose (BC) remains challenging due to significant production costs, including the choice of appropriate growth media. This research focuses on optimization of cheese whey (CW) based media for enhanced production of BC. Two modifications were made for CW medium for BC production with Komagataeibacter rhaeticus MSCL 1463. BC production in a medium of enzymatically hydrolyzed CW (final concentration of monosaccharides: glucose 0.13 g L−1, galactose 1.24 g L−1) was significantly enhanced, achieving a yield of 4.95 ± 0.25 g L−1, which markedly surpasses the yields obtained with the standard Hestrin‐Schramm (HS) medium containing 20 g L−1 glucose and acid‐hydrolyzed CW (final concentration of monosaccharides: glucose 1.15 g L−1, galactose 2.01 g L−1), which yielded 3.29 ± 0.12 g L−1 and 1.01 ± 0.14 g L−1, respectively. We explored the synergistic effects of combining CW with various agricultural by‐products (corn steep liquor (CSL), apple juice, and sugar beet molasses). Notably, the supplementation with 15% corn steep liquor significantly enhanced BC productivity, achieving 6.97 ± 0.17 g L−1. A comprehensive analysis of the BC's physical and mechanical properties indicated significant alterations in fiber diameter (62–167 nm), crystallinity index (71.1–85.9%), and specific strength (35–82 MPa × cm3 g−1), as well as changes in the density (1.1–1.4 g cm−3). Hydrolyzed CW medium supplemented by CSL could be used for effective production of BC.
The adverse childhood experiences—International questionnaire in clinical and at‐risk samples worldwide: A systematic review (part II)
Authors: Pace Cecilia Serena , Muzi Stefania , Rogier Guyonne , Ballestracci Elena , Mazzola Ginevra 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis systematic review aimed to (1) synthesize average means and prevalence rates of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) measured by the Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire (ACE‐IQ) in clinical and at‐risk samples; (2) discuss the ACE‐IQ prevalence and means according to participants' gender, age (both adults and <18 years old), and geographic area; (3) map relationships between ACE‐IQ scores and other outcomes; (4) detect methodological issues in studies. PRISMA guidelines were followed, searching studies in seven academic databases, including retrieval of grey literature. After screening, 23 studies were included. Results revealed the following: (1) several clinical (e.g., mood disorders and substance abuse) and at‐risk (e.g., criminal and low‐income) conditions were studied, with an average 4.93 mean and 81.74% prevalence of total ACEs; (2) there is a lack of data on males, with the prevalence of domestic violence and physical neglect being especially marked in minors, and no studies involving European and North‐American at‐risk samples; (3) ACE‐IQ scores were mostly related to substance abuse and risk‐taking behaviours; (4) major methodological issues were not‐randomized/convenience sampling techniques and a lack of methodological information on sample and procedure. In conclusion, the ACE‐IQ seems a promising tool in clinical/at‐risk samples, but more studies are needed to answer all research questions.