bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fracture resistance of root filled premolar teeth restored with direct composite resin with or without cusp coverage
Authors: Xie K. X. , Wang X. Y. , Gao X. J. , Yuan C. Y. , Li J. X. , Chu C. H. 
Published: January 2012

Xie KX, Wang XY, Gao XJ, Yuan CY, Li JX, Chu CH. Fracture resistance of root filled premolar teeth restored with direct composite resin with or without cusp coverage. International Endodontic Journal, 45, 524–529, 2012.AbstractAim  To evaluate the fracture resistance and fracture patterns of root filled maxillary first premolar teeth (with mesio–occlusal cavity preparation) restored with several composite restoration designs.Methodology  One hundred extracted sound human maxillary first premolars were randomly divided into five groups. Group 1 remained untreated (negative control). Conventional root canal treatment with additional mesial–occlusal cavity preparation was carried out on teeth in groups 2–5. In group 2, the teeth were restored intra‐coronally with direct composite resin (positive control). In group 3, the palatal cusps of the teeth were reduced, and the cavities were restored with composite resin covering the palatal cusp (partial coverage). In group 4, the buccal and palatal cusps along with the distal marginal ridges were reduced; the cavities and cusps were restored with composite resin (conventional full coverage). In group 5, the buccal and palatal cusps were reduced but the distal marginal ridges were conserved. The cavities and the cusps were restored with composite resin (modified full coverage). All teeth were subjected to a progressive compressive loading parallel to their longitudinal axis until fracture. Fracture resistance was analysed using the one‐way ANOVA and Fisher’s LSD test. Fracture patterns were analyzed with chi‐square test. The significance level was set at 0.05.Results  The fracture resistance (mean ± SD) of groups 1–5 was 1131 ± 207N, 904 ± 184N, 927 ± 224N, 1095 ± 289N and 1085 ± 243N, respectively (groups 1, 4, 5 > groups 2, 3; P = 0.004). Cusp fractures were recorded as the fracture pattern in 20 (100%), 19 (95%), 16 (80%), 8 (40%) and 12 (60%) premolars in groups 1–5, respectively (groups 1, 2 > groups 4, 5; group 3 > group 4; P < 0.001).Conclusions  When direct composite resin was used to restore root filled maxillary first premolar teeth involving a proximal surface, those restored with full‐coverage designs had greater fracture resistance.
1,4‐Bis[2‐(3,5‐dichloropyridyloxy)]benzene induces substantial hyperplasia in fibrotic mouse liver
Authors: Bugyik Edina , Dezső Katalin , Turányi Eszter , Szurián Kinga , Paku Sándor , Nagy Peter 
Published: January 2012

SummaryThe proliferative response of hepatocytes in vivo can be induced by two mechanisms: severe damage to hepatic tissue results in regenerative growth and so‐called primary hepatocyte mitogens can initiate liver cell proliferation without preceding loss of parenchyma. The regulation of the two responses is quite different. The decreased regenerative response of cirrhotic/fibrotic liver is well known, and is a severe obstacle to surgery of the diseased liver. In the present experiments we investigated the efficiency of a primary hepatocyte mitogen 1,4‐Bis[2‐(3,5‐dichloropyridyloxy)]benzene (TCPOBOB) on two different liver cirrhosis/fibrosis models in mice induced by chronic administration of CCl4 and thioacetamide respectively. BrdU incorporation and cyclin A expression established clearly that there is a reduced but still powerful mitogenic response of the fibrotic livers. Therefore, primary hepatocyte mitogens appear to be suitable to be used to rescue the regenerative response of cirrhotic livers.
Examining nursing vital signs documentation workflow: barriers and opportunities in general internal medicine units
Authors: Yeung Melanie S , Lapinsky Stephen E , Granton John T , Doran Diane M , Cafazzo Joseph A 
Published: January 2012

Aims.  To characterise the nursing practices of vital signs collection and documentation in a general internal medicine environment to inform strategies for improving workflow design.Background.  Clinical workflow analysis is critical to identify barriers and opportunities in current processes. Analysis can guide the design and development of novel technological solutions to produce greater efficiencies and effectiveness in healthcare delivery. Research surrounding vital signs documentation workflow in general internal medicine environments has received very little attention making it difficult to compare the effectiveness of new technologies.Design.  Qualitative ethnographic analyses and quantitative time–motion study were conducted.Methods.  Workflows of 24 nurses at three hospitals in five general internal medicine environments were captured, and timeliness of vital signs assessment and documentation was measured.Results.  Clinical assessment of vital signs was consistent, but the documentation process was highly variable within groups and between hospitals. Two themes characterised workflow barriers surrounding point‐of‐care documentation. First, a lack of standardised documentation methods for vital signs resulted in higher rates of transcription, increasing not only the likelihood of errors but delays in recording and accessibility of information. Second, despite advancements in electronic documentation systems, the observed system was not conducive to point‐of‐care documentation. Average electronic documentation was significantly longer than paper documentation. Nurses developed ad hoc workarounds that were inefficient and undermined the intent of electronic documentation.Conclusion.  We have identified barriers and opportunities to improve the efficiency of nursing vital signs documentation. Changes in technology, workflows and environmental design allow for significant improvements and deserve further exploration.Relevance to clinical practice.  Attention to clinical practice and environments can improve the workflow of prompt vital signs documentation and increase clinical productivity and timeliness of information for clinical decisions, as well as minimising transcription errors leading to safer patient care.
Accuracy in documentation of peripheral venous catheters in paediatric care: an intervention study in electronic patient records
Authors: Förberg Ulrika , Johansson Eva , Ygge Britt‐Marie , Wallin Lars , Ehrenberg Anna 
Published: January 2012

Aims.  The aim of this study is to compare the accuracy and completeness in the recording of peripheral venous catheters before and after implementing a template in the electronic patient record in paediatric care.Background.  As a basis for quality improvement and research purposes and to ensure patient safety, accurate clinical data need to be easily accessible in patient records. Several studies have concluded that the relation between performed care and what is documented in patient records is poor.Design.  Before and after study.Method.  The study took place at a large paediatric university hospital in Sweden. Inclusion criteria were patients who were admitted to one of the included wards, had one or several peripheral venous catheters and were available at the ward at the time for data collection. Data were collected by observations and record audits before and then four and 10 months after the introduction of a template for recording peripheral venous catheters in a structured and standardised way.Results.  A significant increase in peripheral venous catheters with complete recording was observed after as compared with before the intervention. The percentage of peripheral venous catheters with recording of any kind was relatively stable (85–93%). The overall recording of peripheral venous catheters insertion did not improve, but there was an increase in the recording of side and size after the intervention. One of the 22 complications observed before the intervention was documented and none of the complications (n = 17 and n = 9) after.Conclusion.  The electronic patient record did not provide accurate data on peripheral venous catheters in paediatric care neither before nor after the intervention.Relevance to clinical practice.  Further efforts to increase the documentation of catheter‐related complications are needed. Integrated decision support systems in electronic patient records that remind nurses to inspect peripheral venous catheters regularly could be one solution.
Validated UV‐spectrophotometric method for the evaluation of the efficacy of makeup remover
Authors: Charoennit P. , Lourith N. 
Published: January 2012

SynopsisA UV‐spectrophotometric method for the analysis of makeup remover was developed and validated according to ICH guidelines. Three makeup removers for which the main ingredients consisted of vegetable oil (A), mineral oil and silicone (B) and mineral oil and water (C) were sampled in this study. Ethanol was the optimal solvent because it did not interfere with the maximum absorbance of the liquid foundation at 250 nm. The linearity was determined over a range of makeup concentrations from 0.540 to 1.412 mg mL−1 (R2 = 0.9977). The accuracy of this method was determined by analysing low, intermediate and high concentrations of the liquid foundation and gave 78.59–91.57% recoveries with a relative standard deviation of <2% (0.56–1.45%). This result demonstrates the validity and reliability of this method. The reproducibilities were 97.32 ± 1.79, 88.34 ± 2.69 and 95.63 ± 2.94 for preparations A, B and C respectively, which are within the acceptable limits set forth by the ASEAN analytical validation guidelines, which ensure the precision of the method under the same operating conditions over a short time interval and the inter‐assay precision within the laboratory. The proposed method is therefore a simple, rapid, accurate, precise and inexpensive technique for the routine analysis of makeup remover efficacy.
Erysipelas‐like erythema as the presenting feature of familial Mediterranean fever
Authors: Lidar M. , Doron A. , Barzilai A. , Feld O. , Zaks N. , Livneh A. , Langevitz P. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackground  ‘Erysipelas‐like’ erythema (ELE) is a well recognized, although uncommon, manifestation of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), which is frequently mistaken for infectious erysipelas, especially when forming the initial disease presentation.Aim  To clinically and genetically characterize ELE as the first manifestation of FMF.Methods  FMF patients with ELE as the first disease presentation (study group), were compared with FMF patients with ELE, appearing during the disease course (control group I), and to those FMF patients who never had ELE (control group II).Results  Patients of the study group were comparable to patients without ELE with respect to all demographic, clinical and genetic features studied, and yet differed from patients with ELE appearing later in the disease course in disease severity score (1.7 ± 0.4 vs. 2.4 ± 0.6, P = 0.01), length of diagnosis delay (7.2 ± 6.4 vs. 2.3 ± 3.3 years, P=0.037), age of FMF onset (24.8 ± 19.9 vs. 5.6 ± 5.7 years of age, P=0.014) and rate of homozygosity to the M694V mutation (14.3% vs. 68.7% respectively). ELE traits in the study and control groups were alike.Conclusions  FMF with ELE as the first disease manifestation form an uncommon subgroup, clinically and genetically diverging from the rest of the FMF‐ELE patients.
The use of the twin model to investigate the genetics and epigenetics of skin diseases with genomic, transcriptomic and methylation data
Authors: Bataille V. , Lens M. , Spector T.D. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractTwins have always fascinated medical research even before the discovery of DNA and the understanding of the differences between identical and non‐identical twins. Dermatology with the benefit of being able to visualize phenotypes was one of the first specialities reporting on the fascinating concordance in identical (MZ) twins in the 1920’s. Over the last 20 years, the heritability of skin diseases using twins has been clearly demonstrated, across a wide variety of traits including melanoma, polymorphic light eruption, psoriasis, eczema and acne. Other rarer diseases have also been shown to have a significant genetic basis such as lupus, sarcoidosis and lichen sclerosus. Following evidence of heritability for many skin disease the next step was Genome‐Wide Association Studies (GWAS) which are uncovering new genes in large twin cohorts. The twin model is also ideal for the new field of epigenetics, investigating subtle differences in DNA methylation within discordant MZ pairs for a disease, as well as differences in CNVs. Twins are also valuable for examining differences in gene function via RNA expression in twins discordant for a skin trait or disease.
Inverse Problems in Heat Transfer: New Trends on Solution Methodologies and Applications
Authors: Orlande Helcio R. B. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractSystematic methods for the solution of inverse problems have developed significantly during the past two decades and have become a powerful tool for analysis and design in engineering. Inverse analysis is nowadays a common practice in which teams involved with experiments and numerical simulation synergistically collaborate throughout the research work, in order to obtain the maximum of information regarding the physical problem under study. In this paper, we briefly review various approaches for the solution of inverse problems, including those based on classical regularization techniques and those based on the Bayesian statistics. Applications of inverse problems are then presented for cases of practical interest, such as the characterization of nonhomogeneous materials and the prediction of the temperature field in oil pipelines.
Site-Specific Recombination Strategies for Engineering Actinomycete Genomes
Authors: Herrmann Simone , Siegl Theresa , Luzhetska Marta , Petzke Lutz , Jilg Caroline , Welle Elisabeth , Erb Annette , Leadlay Peter F. , Bechthold Andreas , Luzhetskyy Andriy 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT

The feasibility of using technologies based on site-specific recombination in actinomycetes was shown several years ago. Despite their huge potential, these technologies mostly have been used for simple marker removal from a chromosome. In this paper, we present different site-specific recombination strategies for genome engineering in several actinomycetes belonging to the genera
Streptomyces
,
Micromonospora
, and
Saccharothrix
. Two different systems based on Cre/
loxP
and Dre/
rox
have been utilized for numerous applications. The activity of the Cre recombinase on the heterospecific
loxLE
and
loxRE
sites was similar to its activity on wild-type
loxP
sites. Moreover, an apramycin resistance marker flanked by the
loxLERE
sites was eliminated from the
Streptomyces coelicolor
M145 genome at a surprisingly high frequency (80%) compared to other bacteria. A synthetic gene encoding the Dre recombinase was constructed and successfully expressed in actinomycetes. We developed a marker-free expression method based on the combination of phage integration systems and site-specific recombinases. The Cre recombinase has been used in the deletion of huge genomic regions, including the phenalinolactone, monensin, and lipomycin biosynthetic gene clusters from
Streptomyces
sp. strain Tü6071,
Streptomyces cinnamonensis
A519, and
Streptomyces aureofaciens
Tü117, respectively. Finally, we also demonstrated the site-specific integration of plasmid and cosmid DNA into the chromosome of actinomycetes catalyzed by the Cre recombinase. We anticipate that the strategies presented here will be used extensively to study the genetics of actinomycetes.
Biodiversity in Oscypek, a Traditional Polish Cheese, Determined by Culture-Dependent and -Independent Approaches
Authors: Alegría Ángel , Szczesny Pawel , Mayo Baltasar , Bardowski Jacek , Kowalczyk Magdalena 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT

Oscypek is a traditional Polish scalded-smoked cheese, with a protected-designation-of-origin (PDO) status, manufactured from raw sheep's milk without starter cultures in the Tatra Mountains region of Poland. This study was undertaken in order to gain insight into the microbiota that develops and evolves during the manufacture and ripening stages of Oscypek. To this end, we made use of both culturing and the culture-independent methods of PCR followed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) and pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons. The culture-dependent technique and PCR-DGGE fingerprinting detected the predominant microorganisms in traditional Oscypek, whereas the next-generation sequencing technique (454 pyrosequencing) revealed greater bacterial diversity. Besides members of the most abundant bacterial genera in dairy products, e.g.,
Lactococcus
,
Lactobacillus
,
Leuconostoc
,
Streptococcus
, and
Enterococcus
, identified by all three methods, other, subdominant bacteria belonging to the families
Bifidobacteriaceae
and
Moraxellaceae
(mostly
Enhydrobacter
), as well as various minor bacteria, were identified by pyrosequencing. The presence of bifidobacterial sequences in a cheese system is reported for the first time. In addition to bacteria, a great diversity of yeast species was demonstrated in Oscypek by the PCR-DGGE method. Culturing methods enabled the determination of a number of viable microorganisms from different microbial groups and their isolation for potential future applications in specific cheese starter cultures.
Orally Administered Thermostable
N
-Acyl Homoserine Lactonase from Bacillus sp. Strain AI96 Attenuates Aeromonas hydrophila Infection in Zebrafish
Authors: Cao Yanan , He Suxu , Zhou Zhigang , Zhang Meichao , Mao Wei , Zhang Huitu , Yao Bin 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT

N
-Acylated homoserine lactone (AHL) lactonases are capable of degrading signal molecules involved in bacterial quorum sensing and therefore represent a new approach to control bacterial infection. Here a gene responsible for the AHL lactonase activity of
Bacillus
sp. strain AI96, 753 bp in length, was cloned and then expressed in
Escherichia coli
. The deduced amino acid sequence of
Bacillus
sp. AI96 AiiA (AiiA
AI96
) is most similar to those of other
Bacillus
sp. AHL lactonases (∼80% sequence identity) and was consequently categorized as a member of the metallo-β-lactamase superfamily. AiiA
AI96
maintains ∼100% of its activity at 10°C to 40°C at pH 8.0, and it is very stable at 70°C at pH 8.0 for at least 1 h; no other
Bacillus
AHL lactonase has been found to be stable under these conditions. AiiA
AI96
resists digestion by proteases and carp intestinal juice, and it has broad-spectrum substrate specificity. The supplementation of AiiA
AI96
into fish feed by oral administration significantly attenuated
Aeromonas hydrophila
infection in zebrafish. This is the first report of the oral administration of an AHL lactonase for the efficient control of
A. hydrophila
.
External Ecological Niche for Candida albicans within Reducing, Oxygen-Limited Zones of Wetlands
Authors: Stone Wendy , Jones Barbara-Lee , Wilsenach Jac , Botha Alfred 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT

Candida albicans
within the human host is well studied; however, identifying environmental reservoirs of pathogens is epidemiologically valuable for disease management. Oxygen-limited, carbohydrate-rich zones of wetlands, to which sewage-borne
C. albicans
is often exposed, are characteristically similar to the gastrointestinal reservoir. Consequently, using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), we demonstrated that oxygen-limited zones in polluted wetlands may act as potential reservoirs of
C. albicans
.
Fulminant Cryptosporidiosis after Near-Drowning: a Human Cryptosporidium parvum Strain Implicated in Invasive Gastrointestinal Adenocarcinoma and Cholangiocarcinoma in an Experimental Model
Authors: Certad Gabriela , Benamrouz Sadia , Guyot Karine , Mouray Anthony , Chassat Thierry , Flament Nicolas , Delhaes Laurence , Coiteux Valerie , Delaire Baptiste , Praet Marleen , Cuvelier Claude , Gosset Pierre , Dei-Cas Eduardo , Creusy Colette 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTIn the present work, we report the characterization of aCryptosporidium parvumstrain isolated from a patient who nearly drowned in the Deule River (Lille, France) after being discharged from the hospital where he had undergone allogeneic stem cell transplantation. After being rescued and readmitted to the hospital, he developed fulminant cryptosporidiosis. The strain isolated from the patient's stools was identified asC. parvumII2A15G2R1 (subtype linked to zoonotic exposure) and inoculated into SCID mice. In this host, this virulentC. parvumisolate induced not only severe infection but also invasive gastrointestinal and biliary adenocarcinoma. The observation of adenocarcinomas that progressed through all layers of the digestive tract to the subserosa and spread via blood vessels confirmed the invasive nature of the neoplastic process. These results indicate for the first time that a human-derivedC. parvumisolate is able to induce digestive cancer. This study is of special interest considering the exposure of a large number of humans and animals to this waterborne protozoan, which is highly tumorigenic when inoculated in a rodent model.
Seasonal and Successional Influences on Bacterial Community Composition Exceed That of Protozoan Grazing in River Biofilms
Authors: Wey Jennifer K. , Jürgens Klaus , Weitere Markus 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT
The effects of protozoa (heterotrophic flagellates and ciliates) on the morphology and community composition of bacterial biofilms were tested under natural background conditions by applying size fractionation in a river bypass system. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was used to monitor the morphological structure of the biofilm, and fingerprinting methods (single-stranded conformation polymorphism [SSCP] and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis [DGGE]) were utilized to assess changes in bacterial community composition. Season and internal population dynamics had a greater influence on the bacterial biofilm than the presence of protozoa. Within this general framework, bacterial area coverage and microcolony abundance were nevertheless enhanced by the presence of ciliates (but not by the presence of flagellates). We also found that the richness of bacterial operational taxonomic units was much higher in planktonic founder communities than in the ones establishing the biofilm. Within the first 2 h of colonization of an empty substrate by bacteria, the presence of flagellates additionally altered their biofilm community composition. As the biofilms matured, the number of bacterial operational taxonomic units increased when flagellates were present in high abundances. The additional presence of ciliates tended to at first reduce (days 2 to 7) and later increase (days 14 to 29) bacterial operational taxonomic unit richness. Altogether, the response of the bacterial community to protozoan grazing pressure was small compared to that reported in planktonic studies, but our findings contradict the assumption of a general grazing resistance of bacterial biofilms toward protozoa.