bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studying the factor limitations of AC corrosion on pipelines
Authors: Zhu Wenwei , Wang Yanfeng , Xu Chenghao , Wang Xinghua , Ni Shengbo , Cui Gan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This paper systematically summarizes the domestic and foreign standards and research results of the limit requirements that influence the severity of alternating AC corrosion. In the meantime, combined with the results of pieces and indoor simulation experiments, the limits of each factor affecting AC corrosion are proposed. The results show that using AC voltage and AC current density (ACCD)/DC current density (DCCD) ratio parameters, to evaluate the severity of AC corrosion, is not rigorous, and there are still many inconsistencies in reported results. The severity of AC corrosion can be better judged using the ACCD and CP current density (CPCD) or the CP protection potential. By comparing corrosion specifications laterally with different current densities and potential levels, the degree of different specifications, experimental trends and field operability, are analyzed. It is suggested that SY/T 0087.6-2021 can be used in engineering applications. Moreover, the relationship between these two types of current densities obtained experimentally is determined on the premise of acceptable corrosion. On this basis, the influence limits of different sizes of current densities on AC corrosion are further proposed.
Experimental study of penetration of pre-cut free surface rock materials based on orthogonal tests and response surface testing methods
Authors: Xu Futong , Lu Jingjing , Zhou Hui , Fang Haibo , Xiao Jiancheng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The parameters of the pre-cut kerf as the free surface on rock material have an important influence on the rock-breaking force of the disc cutter of TBM. The rock-breaking force of the disc cutter can be simplified as the normal penetration load of the metal indenter. In order to study the effect of the pre-cut free surface parameters on the penetration load, orthogonal experiments and response surface tests were carried out on sandstone and granite samples, and extreme deviation analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed. The results showed that: (1) the order of priority of the factors affecting the penetration load of the disc cutter was Kerf depth > Kerf spacing > Kerf angle. (2) The fitting degree of the regression equation for the predicted values of the penetration loads of the sandstone and granite samples was R2 (Sandstone) = 0.9810 and R2 (Granite) = 0.9995, respectively, indicating that there was a good fit between the measured and predicted values of the penetration load of the two samples.
Design and application of composite lanchester damper for milling thin-walled part
Authors: Li Daojing , Xu Rui , Dong Qiuyan , Xu Yanlong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Thin-walled parts often produce chatter during mechanical processing due to their poor stiffness. Increasing damping can effectively improve the equivalent stiffness of thin-walled parts and weaken the vibration generated during the machining process. Based on the principles of fluid viscous damping and eddy current damping, this article proposes a design scheme for a composite viscous damper. It optimizes the structural parameters of the composite Lanchester damper according to the optimal damping coefficient. Finally, a composite viscous damper was manufactured, and modal tests showed that the amplitude of the first three vibration modes decreased by 83%, 90%, and 85% after installing the damper. In the milling test, the vibration amplitude of the thin-walled part decreased by the highest of 77%.
Study on metal corrosion behavior of heat-affected zone of oil pipeline
Authors: Lu Jianlei , Lv Jie , Luo Yujun , Liu Man , Guo Xing , Qi Ming 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Due to the influence of welding technology, a series of non-uniform and continuous heat-affected zones formed by welding seams is the weakest link of pipeline steel. Compared with the X70 steel, the heat-affected area is in the form of coarse acicular and massive ferrite, granular bainite, and a small amount of pearlite, with weak strength and corrosion resistance. Therefore, this paper simulated the heat-affected zone of the high-strength steel welding seam by the Gleeble 3500 thermal/force simulation testing machine for two heat cycles. Taking Shengli crude oil as the experimental medium, the metal corrosion morphology of heat-affected zones at different temperatures and transmission rates during hot oil transportation was analyzed through immersion experiment and corrosion morphology characterization. The results show that the increase in temperature and flow rate will increase the overall corrosion rate of the metal in the heat-affected area. In the range of 30∼50°C, pitting corrosion was the main corrosion feature of the metal, and in the range of 50∼70°C, the corrosion morphology of the metal changed from pitting corrosion characteristics to comprehensive corrosion characteristics. In the range of the flow rate studied (1∼4 m/s), the metal in the heat-affected area was mainly the overall corrosion rate, and the metal surface showed the erosion-corrosion characteristics along the flow rate direction.
Effect of process conditions on the performance of LiNi0.815Co0.15Al0.035O2 positive electrode material powder synthesized by hydrothermal approach
Authors: Lv Guangzhe , Tong Binbin , Zhu Xingyu , Shi Weixi , Li Nuanfu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
LiNi0.815Co0.15Al0.035O2 (NCA) lithium-ion battery cathode material was prepared using a hydrothermal approach. XRD and SEM analyzed the crystal parameters and powder morphology of the cathode material. The results show that the nickel cobalt precursor exhibits a petal-like morphology, and the nanoneedle primary particles are randomly distributed. Accompanied by the increase in calcination temperature and time, the peak intensity ratio of I003/I104 tends to decrease and then increase. The peak intensity ratio reached a maximum when the NCA sample calcined at 750°C for 8 h, indicating the lowest extent of Li/Ni mixing and the best electrochemical performance of the positive electrode material.
Study on high-temperature friction and wear properties of Arc Ion plating Cr coating
Authors: Li Dongdong , Lu Xudong , Li Jianpu , Chen Yu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In order to improve the high-temperature resistance and wear resistance of the D60 steel surface, arc ion plating technology is used to deposit Cr coating on the surface of D60 steel. A friction and wear testing machine is used to test the friction coefficient of D60 steel and Cr coating. Scanning electron microscope and Energy dispersive spectrometer are used to characterize the microstructure, composition, and phase composition of D60 steel and Cr coating. The research results indicate that when the temperature is 300°C and the load is 100 N, the friction coefficient of arc ion-plated Cr coating is higher than that of D60 steel. In addition, on the wear morphology, there are adherents and local peeling phenomena on the surface of the Cr coating.
A6N01S-T5 physical characterization of laser-MIG hybrid welding of aluminum alloys
Authors: Gou Weijie , Wang Lihong , Jia Qingshan , Liu Dongsheng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A 3 mm thick A6N01S-T5 aluminum alloy profile typical joint structure is used to carry out a laser-MIG hybrid welding test. The hybrid welding process parameters are optimized. The laser-MIG hybrid welding engineering adaptability is studied. The results show that the weld is well-formed and free of porosity defects under the optimum process parameters. The center of the weld is a dendritic cast organization. The region near the fusion line weld is a columnar crystal organization. The fusion zone is narrow, but there is a slight coarsening of the grain in the heat-affected zone. The hardness of the weld zone is lower than that of the parent material. The minimum hardness is located in the heat-affected zone near the fusion line. The average tensile strength of the joint under the best process parameters is 204.6 MPa, reaching 83.5% of the parent material. The fracture occurred near the fusion line, and the fracture shape showed typical plastic fracture characteristics. The bending performance of the joint was good. The optimal process parameters were universal when the pair gap was less than 1.0 mm, and the weld formation and tensile strength of the joint were good. When the pair gap increased to 1.5 mm, the optimized process parameters of the weld formation and tensile strength of the joint were still good. The results show that laser-MIG hybrid welding has good welding feasibility and engineering adaptability for typical joints in aluminum alloy bodies of high-speed trains.
Overlap renormalization group transformations for disordered systems
Authors: Bachtis Dimitrios 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We establish a renormalization group approach which is implemented on the degrees of freedom defined by the overlap of two replicas to determine the critical fixed point and to extract four critical exponents for the phase transition of the three-dimensional Edwards-Anderson model. In addition, we couple the overlap order parameter to a fictitious field and introduce it within the two-replica Hamiltonian of the system to study its explicit symmetry-breaking with the renormalization group. Overlap transformations do not require a renormalization of the random couplings of a system to extract the critical exponents associated with the relevant variables of the renormalization group. We conclude by discussing the applicability of such transformations in the study of any phase transition which is fully characterized by an overlap order parameter.
Monitoring Urban Heat Island Spatial Variability over Urban Structure Types – A Case Study from a Fast-growing City in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta
Authors: Diem N. K. , Diem P. K. , Thien P. M. , Downes N. K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study aims to assess the variation in the temperature patterns for different urban structure types (USTs) in Can Tho City, Vietnam. The study involves extracting thermal infrared data from Landsat imagery to determine the Land Surface Temperature (LST). Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI) intensity is then calculated by analyzing the temperature differences between urban and non-urban areas. An overlay method was applied to analyze the variations in SUHI intensity within four distinct USTs categories: residential (R), public and special use (P), industrial (I), and green and open spaces (G), as defined based on 53 USTs derived in original data. The results highlight that the highest SUHI intensity was primarily concentrated in the industrial (I) areas, covering over 50% of the region, while residential (R) and public and special use (P) areas exhibited moderate SUHI intensity. Although the green and open space (G) category had a substantial area of open space, it still experienced a low-intensity SUHI, mainly concentrated in heavily sealed areas. This study provides valuable insights into the presence of SUHI in contemporary, rapidly developing cities. It underscores the significance of understanding and addressing SUHI issues, particularly useful for the real-world planning of urban environments.
Assessing the Relationship Between Land Surface Temperature and Air Temperature for Thermal Comfort Analysis in Can Tho City: Implications for Sustainable Spatial Planning
Authors: Diem P. K. , Hong T. G. , Diem N. K. , Downes N. K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study aims to assess the relationship between land surface temperature (LST) and air temperature (Tair) and thermal comfort analysis in Can Tho City. LST is derived from the Landsat thermal band, while Tair is measured using 15 monitoring stations. A Temperature Humidity Index (THI) is employed as a preferred metric for analyzing the thermal comfort level, calculated based on a combination of Tair and relative humidity (RH). Besides quantitative data collection, the study also survey residents in high heat risk areas to acquire insights into their current experiences and perceptions heat. The results reveal that individuals in high SUHI areas experience discomfort across varying temperature ranges, influenced by particular working conditions and personal characteristics. Moreover, the findings highlight a significant correlation between LST and Tair, reaching a coefficient of 0.73, indicating the applicability of land surface temperature in large-scale temperature calculations. These results underscore the need for further research on the extent of heat-related health effects and the development of strategies for heat stress mitigation. Understanding of thermal comfort and the impacts of SUHI is crucial for addressing climate and societal challenges and enhance the well-being of urban populations.
Exploring the relationship of the winter-spring crop’s rice yield with meteorological drought and water resources in Ben Tre province
Authors: Hoa Ho Van , Xuan Quang Chau Nguyen , Hoang Giang Ngo Ngoc , Hai Pham Ngoc , Bay Nguyen Thi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Recent environmental changes have significantly impacted rice cultivation in Ben Tre province, the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD) coastal province. This research employed the Mann-Kendall (MK) non-parametric method and Sen’s slope (SS) technique to detect trends in the rice yield of the winter-spring crop (WSC) in Ben Tre province and environmental parameters from 2009 to 2020. These environmental parameters include the meteorological drought index and key water resource metrics, potentially affecting the region’s rice yield. Furthermore, it established the relationship between these environmental parameters and rice yield using multiple linear regression. The results indicated an average decrease of 0.13 ton/ha/year in the WSC’s rice yield, with a severe reduction to 2.86 ton/ha in 2016. This decline in rice yield is likely attributed to environmental shifts, particularly during years with extreme hydrological events. The study found that during the months of dry season, from January to April, there was a decrease of 0.14 per year in the minimum Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI-4min) at the Ben Tre meteorological station; an increase in the minimum daily discharge at the Tan Chau station (QTCmin) by 81 m3/s/year; a decrease in the mean daily water level at the My Thuan station (QMTmean) by 0.22 cm/year; and an increase in the maximum daily water level at the Ben Trai station (HBTmax) by 0.67 cm/year. However, the maximum daily salinity concentration at the Tra Vinh station (STVmax) showed no significant trend, oscillating between 6.5 and 15 g/l, potentially because the three-hourly monitoring intervals might not have fully captured peak salinity levels. The regression model identified SPEI-4min (with a Correlation Index (CI) of 0.450) and STVmax (CI = 0.372) as the primary factors influencing rice yield. Additionally, QTCmin and HBTmax were also significant, though to a lesser extent, with correlation indices of 0.310 and 0.303, respectively. Conversely, QMTmean had a relatively minor influence, with a correlation index of 0.136. These findings are crucial to developing adaptive strategies and policies for improving the resilience of rice production in the study province and throughout the VMD.
An experimental comparison of pixel-based and object-based classifications with different machine learning algorithms in landscape pattern analysis – Case study from Quang Ngai city, Vietnam
Authors: Vu Viet Du Quan , Minh Pham Tam , Manh Pham Van , Duy Nguyen Huu , Huy Nguyen Quoc , Thanh Pham Viet , Cao Nguyen Huan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In landscape pattern analysis, the choice of an efficient method for image classification is widely studied, but the features are mostly extracted from digital values by the traditional approach (Pixel-based) and modern approach (Object-based). In this study, we compared the performance of two supervised classification algorithms (Maximum likelihood classifier - MLC and Support vector machines - SVM). We used SPOT-5 image data from 2011 to analyze the landscape pattern of a complex territory in Quang Ngai City, Vietnam. We collected 215 ground-truth samples and classified them into seven landscape classes. The results showed that the overall accuracy of the classification of Pixel-based (MLC), Object-based (MLC), Pixel-based (SVM) and Object-based (SVM) was 67.9%, 74.0%, 72.1%, and 82.3%, respectively. The combination of the object-based approach and SVM algorithm had the best classification result, which reflected the current spatial distribution of land cover types accurately. In the next step, we computed landscape metrics from detailed images to compare quantitative parameters with the actual verification data sources. From these metrics results, we discussed how classification methods could affect landscape structure, and possible ways to improve the accuracy of landscape-pattern identification.
Assessment of the current status of soil quality and types of land degradation in Quang Ninh province, Vietnam
Authors: Ha Khuong Manh , Phuong Tran Trong , Anh Hoang Phuong , Thuy Doan Thanh , Son Cao Truong , Hoa Nguyen Xuan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study focused on providing practical information to assess the current status of soil quality and land degradation in Quang Ninh province, Vietnam to provide more evidence on land degradation status and factors affecting land degradation in this area. The soil samples were collected and analyzed in 2020 and compared to the available data of soil analysis data collected at the Department of Natural Resources and Environment of Quang Ninh Province in 2010. The percentage of degraded land ranges from 51.70 to 90.36%. Forest land is the type with the highest percentage of degraded land with 90.36% of total forestry land area; Unused hilly land ranks second with degraded land at 87.15%; the percentage of degraded land in agriculture production land stays at 80.59%. The types of land degradation such as Condensation, Acidification, and Salinization only take place on a small area of land in the province. The cause of land degradation in Quang Ninh comes from both natural and anthropogenic causes. The main reasons can be mentioned as the terrain has a steep slope; the climate is hot and rainy; the climate change situation is complicated; and inappropriate agricultural practices. To solve the above situation, it is necessary to have solutions and integrated strategies for the rational exploitation and use of land resources. Especially environmentally friendly agricultural farming methods that are highly adaptive to climate change such as organic agriculture, circular agriculture, and sustainable agriculture.
Assessing Change Impacts on Flood and Drought hazard in Thua Thien Hue province using Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)
Authors: Thanh Son Ngo , Le Huong Hoang , Thi Phuong Tran , Trong Phuong Tran 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The objective of this study is to comprehensively analyze short- and long-term drought and flood occurrences, providing valuable insights into the potential impact of climate change in the future. Our analysis, utilizing the SPI-6 and SPI-12 indices, focuses on historical data spanning from 1979 to 2019, revealing noteworthy patterns. Notable periods of severe drought include September 1982 to August 1983, September 2004 to August 2005, and October 2014 to August 2015. Conversely, instances of elevated humidity and extreme inundation were recorded from October 1980 to August 1981, October 1995 to June 1997, November 1999 to October 2000, November 2007 to October 2008, October 2011 to August 2012, and January 2017 to August 2018. These findings are consistent with historical records of drought and flood events in Thua Thien Hue Province over the past four decades. Incorporating the SPI-6 and SPI-12 indices alongside rainfall forecasts based on updated climate change and sea-level rise scenarios for 2020 in Vietnam, our study extends its projections to the period from 2020 to 2035. These projections indicate a significant departure from typical annual conditions, with both the severity and frequency of drought and flood events expected to increase. Specifically, Thua Thien Hue weather stations estimate a flood frequency of 14% (SPI-12) and 16% (SPI-6), equivalent to approximately one dry month every seven months. High humidity events are projected to occur at an 18% frequency, roughly once every 5-6 months. Analysis of future scenarios under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 reveals varying levels of risk associated with drought and flood occurrences. Generally, the risk of flooding is slightly lower than that of drought, with only marginal differences observed in scenario RCP8.5. When considering seasonal rainfall patterns—where half of the year experiences a dry season and the other half is rainy—the incidence of drought surpasses that of high humidity in scenario RCP4.5. In contrast, in scenario RCP8.5, the likelihood of flooding outweighs that of drought. It’s noteworthy that historically, mountainous areas within Thua Thien Hue Province have experienced fewer droughts in comparison to coastal regions. Furthermore, the severity of drought and flood events is more pronounced in scenario RCP8.5, particularly concerning flood events. This underscores that despite higher total rainfall in RCP8.5, leading to more severe inundation events, the distribution exhibits unevenness marked by extreme conditions, including more severe drought events.
High-performance electro-optic switches with compact multimode interference and Bezier S-bend waveguides
Authors: Afsary Noor , Alam Md Koushik , Hoque Karimul , Rasel Md Omar Faruk 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
High-speed and energy-efficient electro-optic (EO) switches are crucial for next-generation data communication systems. This paper presents a novel EO switch utilizing a multimode interference (MMI) coupler-based approach on a lithium-niobate (LiNbO3) platform. The switch is designed with Bezier S-bend waveguides, leading to a significant reduction in bending loss to 0.18 dB. This Bezier-bend EO switch shows an excess loss of 0.33 dB and crosstalk of −20.44 dB for the bar port switching, while the cross port switching exhibits an excess loss of 0.64 dB and crosstalk of −13.66 dB. Applying a 3.27 V voltage achieves a balanced splitting ratio of 29:29:29 between the three outputs. The length of this EO switch is 4.09 mm, which requires 4.1 V to create a phase shift, showing a voltage efficiency of 1.68 V.cm. This paper presents a promising pathway for a novel EO switch design and introduces improved signal management for next-generation computing systems.