bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RCT comparing minimally with moderately rough implants. Part 1: clinical observations
Authors: Van Assche N. , Coucke W. , Teughels W. , Naert I. , Cardoso M. V. , Quirynen M. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractAimThis 1‐year prospective RCT compared the outcome of minimally (turned) and moderately rough (TiUnite®) implant surfaces.Material and methodsTwo subgroups of patients were formed; one group (n = 10) where all teeth had been extracted due to severe periodontitis, another group (n = 8) with teeth in the antagonistic jaw with a history of periodontitis and some remaining medium pockets (4–6 mm). Implants (n = 85, 43 turned & 42 TiUnite®) were installed randomly in each patient. After 3–6 months of submerged healing, healing abutments were connected, followed by final abutments 2 weeks later, all with the same surface characteristics as the supporting implant. Peri‐implant parameters and intra‐oral radiographs were recorded up to 1 year after abutment connection.ResultsTwo turned implants failed in the partial edentulous group during the initial healing period (CSR: 95%) and none of the TiUnite® (CSR: 100%) surface. No statistically significant differences in clinical parameters could be observed between both surfaces. The partial edentulous subgroup showed more bone loss compared to the full edentulous subgroup.ConclusionModerately rough implants have a similar clinical outcome (at 1 year of loading in periodontitis susceptible patients) compared to minimally rough implants.
Sleeping vs. loaded implants, long‐term observations via a retrospective analysis
Authors: Marcelis K. , Vercruyssen M. , Nicu E. , Naert I. , Quirynen M. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectiveSeveral theories have been presented to explain initial and secondary marginal bone loss around dental implants (e.g. microbial load, adverse loading, microbial leakage, compromised healing/adaptation of host‐implant interface).Material and methodsThis study compared the long‐term outcome (up to 12 years) of sleeping with loaded implants in the mandible via a split‐mouth concept. Fourteen patients with overdentures were enrolled (10 women, mean age at implant insertion: 56 years [range: 33–71]). They presented with 28 loaded (position 33/43) and 14 sleeping implants (mostly position 31/41). At several follow‐up visits, intra‐oral radiographs (long‐cone principle) were taken to observe marginal bone level changes.ResultsAt each observation, compared with abutment connection, the submerged non‐loaded implants showed less bone loss (P‐values: 1st year 0.007, 3 years 0.000, 5 years 0.002, 8 years 0.007, 12 years 0.000) than their neighbouring functional implants. This difference was primarily due to a more significant bone loss during the first year of loading (0.8 vs. 0.1 mm respectively), since afterwards, the bone level changes remained quite similar for both implant types.ConclusionsOur data suggest that the first months of loading have a significant impact on the bone level (initial difference sleeping vs. loaded implants), followed by a more physiological bone level change afterwards. This initial difference might be explained by the adaptation of the surrounding bone to the loaded implant.
7‐Tesla MR imaging of non‐melanoma skin cancer samples: correlation with histopathology
Authors: Aubry Sébastien , Leclerc Olga , Tremblay Luc , Rizcallah Edmond , Croteau Frédéric , Orfali Charles , Lepage Martin 
Published: November 2011

PurposeThe aims of this study were to compare in vitro magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of keratinocytic skin cancer assessed by a 7‐tesla (T) MRI with histopathology, and to describe MRI features of skin tumors.MethodsThis prospective study included 30 skin tumors treated by surgery. MR images of skin samples were acquired on a 7‐T MR scanner using a fast spin‐echo T2‐weighted and an isotropic 3D gradient‐echo T1‐weighted sequence. Length, width, Breslow index and margins of the lesions were measured. The presence or absence of the following was noted: healthy margins, ulceration of the dermis, in situ lesions, superficial and deep dermis involvement, subcutaneous involvement, superficial and intratumoral keratin. MR results were compared to histopathology.ResultsInterclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was very good for the evaluation of the width (ICC = 0.86) and Breslow index (ICC = 0.87). The ICC was good for the evaluation of the margins (ICC = 0.70) but for length, ICC was lower (ICC = 0.67). Mean bias between MRI and histopathology was inferior to 1 mm for width, Breslow index and margin.ConclusionIn vitro 7‐T MRI of keratinocytic skin cancer allows delineation of lesions with good correlation with histopathology. After in vivo confirmation it could have a diagnostic role regarding the delineation of surgical margins but its actual limitations prevent its practical adoption at this time.
Responsive feeding and child interest in food vary when rural Malawian children are fed lipid‐based nutrient supplements or local complementary food
Authors: Flax Valerie L. , Mäkinen Samppa , Ashorn Ulla , Cheung Yin Bun , Maleta Kenneth , Ashorn Per , Bentley Margaret E. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractCaregiver and child behaviours during feeding have been used to measure responsiveness, which has been recognised as important for child growth and development. The aims of this study were to understand how caregiver and child behaviours differ when feeding lipid‐based nutrient supplements (LNS) vs. local complementary food and to detect associations between behaviours and child interest in food. Sixteen moderately underweight 6–17‐month‐old Malawian children receiving 50 g/day of supplementary LNS for 12 weeks were videotaped during LNS (n = 32) and local complementary feeding (n = 28) episodes. Behaviours were coded at the level of the intended bite (1674 total bites). The analysis used regression models adjusted for within‐subject correlation. Caregivers were less likely to allow children to self‐feed and more likely to use physical pressure during LNS vs. complementary food bites. Positive caregiver verbalization was infrequent and did not differ by type of food. Higher odds of accepting a bite were associated with the bite containing LNS, odds ratio (OR) 3.05; 90% confidence interval (CI) (1.98, 4.71), the child self‐feeding, OR 5.70; 90% CI (2.77, 11.69), and positive caregiver verbalization, OR 2.46; 90% CI (1.26, 4.80), while lower odds of acceptance were associated with negative child verbalization during feeding, OR 0.27; 90% CI (0.17, 0.42). In this sample, caregivers used more responsive feeding practices during bites of local complementary food and were more controlling when feeding LNS. Responsive caregiver behaviours predicted child acceptance of food. These results could be used to design interventions in Malawi to improve responsive feeding practices in general and during LNS use.
Molecular cloning and characterization of Th1 and Th2 cytokines of African buffalo (Syncerus caffer)
Authors: Suzuki S. , Konnai S. , Okagawa T. , Githaka N. W. , Kariuki E. , Gakuya F. , Kanduma E. , Shirai T. , Ikebuchi R. , Ikenaka Y. , Ishizuka M. , Murata S. , Ohashi K. 
Published: November 2011

SummaryThe African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) has been implicated as the reservoir of several bovine infectious agents. However, there is insufficient information on the protective immune responses in the African buffalo, particularly in infected animals. In this study, we analysed Th1 cytokines IL‐2 and IFN‐γ, and Th2 cytokines IL‐4 and IL‐10. The cloned cDNA of IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐10 and IFN‐γ contained an open reading frame of 468, 501, 408 and 540 nucleotides, encoding polypeptides of 155, 166, 135 and 179 amino acids, respectively. Nucleotide sequence homology of IL‐2, IFN‐γ and IL‐4 was more than 98% between the African buffalo and cattle, which resulted in identical polypeptides. Meanwhile, IL‐10 gene of African buffalo and cattle had 95% homology in nucleotide sequence, corresponding to thirteen amino acid residues substitution. Cysteine residues and potential glycosylation sites were conserved within the family Bovinae. Phylogenetic analyses including cytokines of the African buffalo placed them within a cluster comprised mainly of species belonging to the order Artiodactyla, including cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goat, pig and artiodactyl wildlife. A deeper understanding of the structure of these cytokines will shed light on their protective role in the disease‐resistant African buffalo in comparison with other closely related species.
Australian Coastal Management and Climate Change
Authors: HARVEY NICK , CLARKE BEVERLEY , NURSEY‐BRAY MELISSA 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) raised public awareness of the need to consider climate change in coastal management and gained international recognition when it received a joint award of a Nobel Peace Prize in 2007. The raised awareness of climate change surrounding the work of the IPCC was in large part responsible for the focus of the recent Australian national inquiry into coastal management in the context of potential climate change impacts on the coast, conducted by the House of Representatives Standing Committee on Climate Change, Water, Environment and the Arts. In the same year the then Minister of Climate Change, Senator Penny Wong, and the Department of Climate Change released a major government report Climate Change Risks to Australia's Coast and set up a national Coasts and Climate Change Council to provide advice to the government. This paper provides a review and analysis of the extent to which climate change issues, within the context of the broader global change debate, have influenced Australian coastal management through its legislation, policies and practice. In particular, the paper focuses on the impact of recent national reports and state government legislative and policy changes and draws conclusions on future directions for Australian coastal management.
Don't fall for weight: A systematic review of weight status and falls
Authors: MOORE Heather , BOLTONG Anna 
Published: November 2011

AbstractAim:  To examine the evidence for the contribution of weight status or nutritional status to the incidence of falls.Methods:  A systematic review was completed to determine if weight status or nutritional status affects incidence of falls. Inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied to studies published from 2000 which reported weight status and/or nutritional status and falls incidence. Electronic databases searched were CINAHL, MEDLINE, AMED, EMBASE, PUBMED and PsycINFO. Quality assessment and data extraction were performed on studies that met the inclusion criteria.Results:  Twenty‐seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Six studies found no difference in weight between fallers and non‐fallers. Two studies found an association between low weight or weight loss and falls. Eleven studies found no difference in body mass index between fallers and non‐fallers. One study found body mass index to be lower in fallers. Five studies found fallers had a higher body mass index than non‐fallers or that a higher body mass index was associated with falls. Three studies found malnutrition risk to be statistically significantly higher in fallers. Two descriptive studies identified 45% of a falls population as malnourished or at high risk of malnutrition.Conclusion:  This review found limited evidence that being either overweight or underweight increases falls incidence. Referrals for nutritional management to decrease falls risk should not be based on weight status alone. Malnutrition screening should be used to identify appropriate patient referrals to dietitians in falls clinics.
Silibinin Is a Potent Sensitizer of UVA Radiation‐induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Human Keratinocyte HaCaT Cells†
Authors: Narayanapillai Sreekanth , Agarwal Chapla , Tilley Cynthia , Agarwal Rajesh 
Published: November 2011

AbstractUVA radiation (315–400 nm), which constitutes ca 95% of the UV irradiation in natural sunlight reaching earth surface, is a major environmental risk factor associated with human skin cancer pathogenesis. UVA is an oxidizing agent that causes significant damage to cellular components through the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and leads to photoaging and photocarcinogenesis. Here we investigate the effect of silibinin, the flavonolignan from Silybum marianum, on UVA‐induced ROS and cell death in human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. In addition, the effect of silibinin on UVA‐induced intracellular ROS‐mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was also analyzed. UVA irradiation resulted in ROS production and apoptosis in HaCaT cells in a dose‐dependent manner, and the ROS levels and apoptotic index were found to be elevated significantly when the cells were treated with 75 μmsilibinin for 2 h before UVA exposure. When the cells were pretreated with 10 mmN‐acetyl cysteine, the enhancement of UVA‐induced apoptosis by silibinin was compromised. Furthermore, we found that silibinin enhances ER stress‐mediated apoptosis in HaCaT cells by increasing the expression of CHOP protein. These results suggest that silibinin may be beneficial in the removal of UVA‐damaged cells and the prevention of skin cancer.
1,3‐Propanediol production from glycerol by a newly isolated Trichococcus strain
Authors: van Gelder Antonie H. , Aydin Rozelin , Alves M. Madalena , Stams Alfons J. M. 
Published: November 2011

SummaryA coccal bacterium (strain ES5) was isolated from methanogenic bioreactor sludge with glycerol as the sole energy and carbon source. Strain ES5 fermented glycerol to 1,3‐propanediol as main product, and lactate, acetate and formate as minor products. The strain was phylogenetically closely related to Trichococcus flocculiformis; the rRNA gene sequence similarity was 99%. However, strain ES5 does not show the typical growth in chains of T. flocculiformis. Moreover, T. flocculiformis does not ferment glycerol. Strain ES5 used a variety of sugars for growth. With these substrates, lactate, acetate and formate were the main products, while 1,3‐propanediol was not formed. The optimum growth temperature of strain ES5 ranges from 30–37°C, but like several other Trichoccoccus strains, strain ES5 is able to grow at low temperature (< 10°C). Therefore, strain ES5 may be an appropriate catalyst for the biotechnological production of 1,3‐propanediol from glycerol at low ambient temperature.
Pleiotropic role of the Sco1/SenC family copper chaperone in the physiology ofStreptomyces
Authors: Fujimoto Masahiro , Yamada Akio , Kurosawa Junpei , Kawata Akihiro , Beppu Teruhiko , Takano Hideaki , Ueda Kenji 
Published: November 2011

SummaryAntibiotic production and cell differentiation inStreptomycesis stimulated by micromolar levels of Cu2+. Here, we knocked out the Sco1/SenC family copper chaperone (ScoC) encoded in the conserved gene cluster ‘sco’ (theStreptomycescopper utilization) inStreptomyces coelicolorA3(2) andS. griseus. It is known that the Sco1/SenC family incorporates Cu2+into the active centre of cytochrome oxidase (cox). The knockout caused a marked delay in antibiotic production and aerial mycelium formation on solid medium, temporal pH decline in glucose‐containing liquid medium, and significant reduction of cox activity inS. coelicolor. ThescoCmutant produced two‐ to threefold higher cellular mass of the wild type exhibiting a marked cox activity in liquid medium supplied with 10 µM CuSO4, suggesting that ScoC is involved in not only the construction but also the deactivation of cox. ThescoCmutant was defective in the monoamine oxidase activity responsible for cell aggregation and sedimentation. These features were similarly observed with regard to thescoCmutant ofS. griseus. ThescoCmutant ofS. griseuswas also defective in the extracellular activity oxidizingN,N′‐dimethyl‐p‐phenylenediamine sulfate. Addition of 10 µM CuSO4repressed the activity of the conserved promoter precedingscoAand caused phenylalanine auxotrophy in someStreptomycesspp. probably because of the repression ofpheA;pheAencodes prephenate dehydratase, which is located at the 3′ terminus of the putative operon structure. Overall, the evidence indicates that Sco is crucial for the utilization of copper under a low‐copper condition and for the activation of the multiple Cu2+‐containing oxidases that play divergent roles in the complex physiology ofStreptomyces.
NLRP1, a regulator of innate immunity associated with vitiligo
Authors: D’Osualdo Andrea , Reed John C. 
Published: November 2011

SummarySome familial forms of the dermatological condition vitiligo have recently been linked to polymorphisms in the innate immunity gene, NLRP1. Here, we review what is currently known about the mechanisms that regulate activation of the NLRP1 protein and the downstream effects of NLRP1 on pathways impacting inflammation and apoptosis. How polymorphic variants of the NLRP1 gene contribute to the pathogenesis of vitiligo remains mysterious, requiring further investigation.
Increased Oxidative Stress Is Responsible for Severer Cerebral Infarction in Stroke‐Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Zhang Xiu‐Hua , Lei Hong , Liu Ai‐Jun , Zou Ying‐Xin , Shen Fu‐Ming , Su Ding‐Feng 
Published: November 2011

SUMMARYAims: To examine the role of increased oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of cerebral infarction in stroke in stroke‐prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR‐SP). Methods: The differentially expressed brain protein profile was examined in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) (control group) and SHR‐SP using two‐dimensional fluorescent difference gel electrophoresis (2D‐DIGE). In addition, oxidative stress indicators including total antioxidation capacity (TAC), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, and maleic dialdehyde (MDA) were also measured. Lastly, SHR‐SP were randomly divided into untreated and treated (vitamins C (200 mg/kg/day) and E (100 mg/kg/day)) groups. After treatment for 4 weeks, half of the animals were sacrificed for detection of TAC, GPx, and MDA. The remaining rats underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and the infarct areas were measured. Results: Compared with SHR, the infarct area of SHR‐SP was larger (P < 0.01), and the antioxidative proteins including glutathione S‐transferase (GST) Pi2 and GST A5 were lower; TAC and GPx activities were decreased and MDA levels. Treatment with vitamins C and E decreased MDA, and increased TAC and GPx activity significantly in SHR‐SP, while also decreasing the infarct area (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia.
Newly Isolated but Uncultivated Magnetotactic Bacterium of the Phylum Nitrospirae from Beijing, China
Authors: Lin Wei , Li Jinhua , Pan Yongxin 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACT

Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) in the phylum
Nitrospirae
synthesize up to hundreds of intracellular bullet-shaped magnetite magnetosomes. In the present study, a watermelon-shaped magnetotactic bacterium (designated MWB-1) from Lake Beihai in Beijing, China, was characterized. This uncultivated microbe was identified as a member of the phylum
Nitrospirae
and represents a novel phylogenetic lineage with ≥6% 16S rRNA gene sequence divergence from all currently described MTB. MWB-1 contained 200 to 300 intracellular bullet-shaped magnetite magnetosomes and showed a helical swimming trajectory under homogeneous magnetic fields; its magnetotactic velocity decreased with increasing field strength, and vice versa. A robust phylogenetic framework for MWB-1 and all currently known MTB in the phylum
Nitrospirae
was constructed utilizing maximum-likelihood and Bayesian algorithms, which yielded strong evidence that the
Nitrospirae
MTB could be divided into four well-supported groups. Considering its population densities in sediment and its high numbers of magnetosomes, MWB-1 was estimated to account for more than 10% of the natural remanent magnetization of the surface sediment. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that MTB in the phylum
Nitrospirae
are more diverse than previously realized and can make important contributions to the sedimentary magnetization in particular environments.
Functional Implementation of the Posttranslational SecB-SecA Protein-Targeting Pathway in Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Diao Liuyang , Dong Qilei , Xu Zhaohui , Yang Sheng , Zhou Jiahai , Freudl Roland 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACT

Bacillus subtilis
and its close relatives are widely used in industry for the Sec-dependent secretory production of proteins. Like other Gram-positive bacteria,
B. subtilis
does not possess SecB, a dedicated targeting chaperone that posttranslationally delivers exported proteins to the SecA component of the translocase. In the present study, we have implemented a functional SecB-dependent protein-targeting pathway into
B. subtilis
by coexpressing SecB from
Escherichia coli
together with a SecA hybrid protein in which the carboxyl-terminal 32 amino acids of the
B. subtilis
SecA were replaced by the corresponding part of SecA from
E. coli
.
In vitro
pulldown experiments showed that, in contrast to
B. subtilis
SecA, the hybrid SecA protein gained the ability to efficiently bind to
E. coli
SecB, suggesting that the structural details of the extreme C-terminal region of SecA constitute a crucial SecB binding specificity determinant. Using a poorly exported mutant maltose binding protein (MalE11) and alkaline phosphatase (PhoA) as model proteins, we could demonstrate that the secretion of both proteins by
B. subtilis
was significantly enhanced in the presence of the artificial protein targeting pathway. Mutations in SecB that do not influence its chaperone activity but prevent its interaction with SecA abolished the secretion stimulation of both proteins, demonstrating that the implemented pathway in fact critically depends on the SecB targeting function. From a biotechnological view, our results open up a new strategy for the improvement of Gram-positive bacterial host systems for the secretory production of heterologous proteins.
Spontaneous Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome
mec
Element Excision in Staphylococcus aureus Nasal Carriers
Authors: Boundy Sam , Zhao Qixun , Fairbanks Carly , Folgosa Lauren , Climo Michael , Archer Gordon L. 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACT

Among 23 patients carrying methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA) in their anterior nares, 6 (26%) also carried methicillin-susceptible
S. aureus
(MSSA) as less prevalent flora. In 4 of the 6 patients, the MSSA was unrelated to prevalent MRSA, as determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and staphylococcal protein A (spa) typing. However, in two patients, the strains were identical except for the absence of spontaneous staphylococcal cassette chromosome
mec
(SCC
mec
). We consider this evidence of spontaneous SCC
mec
excision
in vivo
.