bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultra‐wideband small square monopole antenna with dual band‐notched function
Authors: Ojaroudi M. , Ghobadi Ch. , Nourina J. , Ojaroudi N. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA dual band‐notched printed ultra‐wideband monopole antenna is presented, with a modified radiating patch.To generate single and dual band‐notched characteristics, we use two rectangular slots. By properly adjusting the dimensions of these slots two controllable notch resonances are achieved, but also the lower edge frequency of the band is decreased. The measured results show that the proposed dual band‐notched monopole antenna offers a wide bandwidth from 2.5 to 11 GHz, with two notched bands, covering all the 5.2/5.8 GHz wireless local area network, 3.5/5.5‐GHz WiMAX and 4‐GHz C bands. The designed antenna has a small size of 12 × 18 mm2. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:372–374, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26571
Broadside gain and bandwidth enhancement of microstrip patch antenna using a MNZ‐metasurface
Authors: Chung Kwok L. , Chaimool Sarawuth 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThis article presents a metasurfaced patch antenna in which the metasurface acts as a superstrate/cover placed atop a 2.45‐GHz patch antenna, at a small distance. The metasurface is a Mu‐near‐zero (MNZ) type, which gives a near‐zero index of refraction. The MNZ metasurface consists of 4 × 4 double‐closed‐loop resonators printed on a thin FR4 dielectric slab. The proposed antenna is low‐cost and low‐profile, having overall dimensions of 0.86 λ × 0.86 λ × 0.07 λ. The simulation and experimental results confirm that the metasurfaced antenna not only has simultaneous enhancements on broadside gain and bandwidth, but also improves antenna efficiency. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:529–532, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26574
The design and realization of high‐efficiency power amplifier with drain efficiency over 80% at 3.5 GHz
Authors: Lei Qi , You Fei , Dong Lei , He Songbai , Hu Zhebin 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThis article presents the full design methodology and implementation of inverse Class‐F power amplifier with a commercial high‐power GaN HEMT. For a 3.48 GHz continuous wave signal, the measurement results show state‐of‐the‐art power‐added‐efficiency (PAE) of 76.7%, drain efficiency of 81.1%, gain of 12.9 dB, and output power of 39.9 dBm. Within a bandwidth of 200 MHz, drain efficiency and output power are maintained above 60% and 38.5 dBm, respectively. With digital predistortion, it achieves −45 dBc of adjacent channel leakage ratio for a 2.5 MHz wideband signal with a peak‐to‐average power ratio of 8.9 dB, with an average PAE of 36.7%. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:521–525, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26577
A shared‐aperture dual‐wideband dual‐polarized stacked microstrip array
Authors: Gang Zhou Shi , Huat Chio Tan , Jian Lu 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA shared‐aperture dual‐wideband dual‐polarized planar microstrip array is investigated.The operating frequencies are at L‐ and X‐bands. For both bands, stacked patches are selected as the radiating elements to meet the bandwidth requirements. A low‐profile design of a planar microstrip array with 2 × 1 L‐band elements interleaved with 16 × 8 X‐band elements has been achieved. The design is discussed in detail, and the measured results are presented. The measured bandwidth of VSWR < 2 reaches 8.1 and 13% for L‐ and X‐bands, respectively. The measured isolation between the L‐ and X‐band is below −35 dB, and the isolation between the cross‐pol ports is below −26 and −24 dB for L‐ and X‐band, respectively. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:486–491, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26579
Setups for harmonics generation using optical modulators
Authors: de Oliveira Glaucionor Lima , Giraudo Elvio Cesar , Ramos Rubens Viana 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIn this study, we discuss two setups for photonic generation of harmonics of an RF signal.In the first case, we analyze theoretically a setup composed of a fiber loop and a 2 × 1 Mach–Zehnder modulator able to produce even harmonics of an RF signal. Following, we show the experimental results of the generation of second and third harmonics of an RF signal using double amplitude modulation. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:519–521, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26583
Band‐notched UWB microstrip slot antenna with ENHANCED bandwidth by using a pair of C‐Shaped slots
Authors: Ojaroudi N. , Ojaroudi M. , Ebarhimian H. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIn this article, a new frequency notched ultra‐wideband microstrip slot antenna with an S‐shaped slot in the radiating stub and a pair of C‐shaped slots in the ground structure is proposed and experimentally studied. To increase the bandwidth, a pair of C‐shaped slots was cut in the ground plane that improves the bandwidth especially at the higher frequency and provides a wide usable fractional bandwidth from 2.9 to 14.4 (135%). To generate single band‐notch characteristics, we use the S‐shaped slot in the square radiating stub that with this design, a frequency notched band of 5.07–5.93 GHz has been achieved. The proposed antenna displays a good omni‐directional radiation pattern even at higher frequencies. The measured results reveal that the presented single band‐notch slot antenna offers a very wide bandwidth with notched band. The designed antenna has a small size of 20 × 20 mm2. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:515–518, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26584
Dual‐band patch antenna using spiral‐shaped electromagnetic bandgap structures for cellular applications
Authors: Roseline A. Ameelia , Malathi K. , Shrivastav A.K. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThis article presents a bandwidth improvement of a compact dual‐band slot antenna for 1.54/1.83 GHz cellular applications using a spiral‐like electromagnetic band gap (SEBG) structures. The rectangular slotted radiating element is surrounded by a SEBG. The antenna size is very compact (60 mm × 60 mm × 2.47 mm) and can be integrated easily with other radio frequency (RF) front‐end circuits. The working frequency of the patch antenna falls inside the electromagnetic band gap band gap which will lead to the suppression of the surface waves. The simulation is carried out using the finite difference time domain analysis technique. The bandwidth of SEBG antenna is 93.2% and 11.75% increased at lower and higher resonant frequency respectively than the patch. The EM simulated return loss, gain, directivity, radiation pattern, antenna efficiency, and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) are presented for proposed antenna array. Good agreement is achieved between the simulated and measured results. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:477–482, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26585
A 2.4‐GHz bandpass filter for flexible RF applications
Authors: Kim Jin‐Sup , Lee Kyu‐Bok , Lee Jae‐Young , Lee Ho‐Jun , Shin Hyunchol 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA 2.4‐GHz bandpass filter is implemented on a flexible printed circuit board with a thickness of 127 μm for wearable RF applications.The bandpass filter is realized in a double‐sided structure, of which the top side provides the main filtering characteristics using two coupled resonators and the bottom side provides efficient signal feeding and coupling using mixed coupling scheme. The mixed coupling scheme combining the broadside‐ and cross‐coupling structures is advantageous to improve the insertion loss. The filter characteristics when bended by up to 90° are simulated using a three‐dimensional electromagnetic simulation tool and experimentally verified. Measurement results show that the insertion loss is less than 1 dB and the return loss is less than 26 dB across the total passband from 2.4 to 2.5 GHz. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:384–387, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26588
Stochastic optimal control problems under G‐expectation
Authors: Zhang Defei 
Published: December 2011

SUMMARYPeng first introduced the notion of G‐Brownian motion and G‐expectation and established the stochastic calculus with respect to G‐Brownian motion in 2006. In this paper, we investigate the stochastic optimal control problems under G‐expectation and obtain dynamic programming principle. The value function is proved to be a viscosity solution of a fully nonlinear second‐order partial differential equation. A particular case of this equation is the well‐known Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman–Isaacs equation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prions, Parkinson's disease and the search for a new generation of treatments
Authors: Greener Mark 
Published: December 2011

AbstractRecent research suggests that aggregates of cytosolic proteins such as α‐synuclein may spread in a manner similar to prions in certain neurodegenerative diseases. Mark Greener explains how drugs that can reduce formation or increase clearance of these proteins may represent new treatment strategies for Parkinson's disease. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
International League Against Epilepsy UK Chapter meeting
Authors: Anderson Joseph 
Published: December 2011

AbstractYork Racecourse played host to the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) UK Chapter's 2011 annual scientific meeting in November, with over 300 delegates attending from all over the UK. Dr Joseph Anderson, Specialist Registrar and Clinical Teaching Fellow from the University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, reports on some of the main highlights of the meeting. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Regional comparison of West African convective characteristics: a TRMM‐based climatology
Authors: Guy Nick , Rutledge Steven A. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA 13‐year (1998–2010) climatology of mesoscale convective characteristics associated with the West African monsoon are investigated using precipitation radar and passive microwave data from the NASA Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite. Seven regions defined as continental northeast and northwest, southeast and southwest, coastal, and maritime north and south are compared to analyse zonal and meridional differences. Data are categorized according to identified African easterly wave (AEW) phase and when no wave is present. While some enhancements are observed in association with AEW regimes, regional differences were generally more apparent than wave vs. no‐wave differences. Convective intensity metrics confirm that land‐based systems exhibit stronger characteristics, such as higher storm top and maximum 30 dBZ heights and significant 85 GHz brightness temperature depressions. Continental systems also contain a lower fraction of points identified as stratiform. Results suggest that precipitation processes also varied depending upon region and AEW regime, with warm‐rain processes more apparent over the ocean and the southwest continental region and ice‐based microphysics more dominant over land, including mixed‐phase processes. AEW regimes did show variability in stratiform fraction and ice and liquid water content, suggesting modulation of mesoscale characteristics possibly through feedback with the synoptic environment. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Improving the diurnal cycle of convection in GCMs
Authors: Stratton R. A. , Stirling A. J. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe Met Office single‐column model is used to examine the development phase of the diurnal cycle of tropical convection over land by comparing against previous results from an idealized cloud‐resolving model study. Changing the deep convective parametrization over land to make the entrainment vary with the height of the lifting condensation level reduces the depth of the convection early in the day. The changes made to improve the early phase of diurnal cycle over land are tested in an atmosphere‐only version of the Met Office Hadley Centre climate model and result in an improvement in the amplitude and timing of the diurnal peak in precipitation over land. Copyright © 2011 British Crown copyright, the Met Office. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Development of a Surgical Capacity Index: Opportunities for Assessment and Improvement
Authors: Kwon Steve , Kingham T. Peter , Kamara Thaim B. , Sherman Lawrence , Natuzzi Eileen , Mock Charles , Kushner Adam 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackgroundSignificant gaps exist in the provision of surgical care in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). The purpose of this study was to develop a metric to monitor surgical capacity in LMICs.MethodsThe World Health Organization developed a survey called the Tool for Situational Analysis to Assess Emergency and Essential Surgical Care. Using this tool, we developed a surgical capacity scoring index and assessed its usefulness with data from Sierra Leone, Liberia, and the Solomon Islands.ResultsThere were data from 10 hospitals in Sierra Leone, 16 hospitals in Liberia, and 9 hospitals in the Solomon Islands. The levels of surgical capacity were created using our scoring index based on a possible 100 points: level 1 for hospitals with <50 points, level 2 with 50–70 points, level 3 with 70–80 points, and level 4 with >80 points. In Sierra Leone, 44% of the hospitals had a surgical capacity rating of level 1, 50% level 2, and 10% level 3. In Liberia, 37.5% of the hospitals had a surgical capacity rating of level 1, 56.3% level 2, and only one hospital level 3. For Sierra Leone and Liberia, two factors—infrastructure and personnel—had the greatest deficits. In the Solomon Islands, 44.4% of the hospitals had their surgical capacity rated at level 1, 22.2% at level 2, 11.1% at level 3, and 22.2% at level 4.ConclusionsPending pilot testing for reliability and validity, it appears that a systematic hospital surgical capacity index can identify areas for improvement and provide an objective measure for monitoring changes over time.
Equilibrium gas–liquid–solid contact angle from density-functional theory
Authors: Pereira Antonio , Kalliadasis Serafim 
Published: December 2011

AbstractWe investigate the equilibrium of a fluid in contact with a solid boundary through a density-functional theory. Depending on the conditions, the fluid can be in one phase, gas or liquid, or two phases, while the wall induces an external field acting on the fluid particles. We first examine the case of a liquid film in contact with the wall. We construct bifurcation diagrams for the film thickness as a function of the chemical potential. At a specific value of the chemical potential, two equally stable films, a thin one and a thick one, can coexist. As saturation is approached, the thickness of the thick film tends to infinity. This allows the construction of a liquid–gas interface that forms a well-defined contact angle with the wall.
JUCYS–MURPHY ELEMENTS AND CENTRES OF CELLULAR ALGEBRAS
Authors: LI YANBO 
Published: December 2011

AbstractLet R be an integral domain and A a cellular algebra over R with a cellular basis {CλS,T∣λ∈Λ and S,T∈M(λ)}. Suppose that A is equipped with a family of Jucys–Murphy elements which satisfy the separation condition in the sense of Mathas [‘Seminormal forms and Gram determinants for cellular algebras’, J. reine angew. Math.619 (2008), 141–173, with an appendix by M. Soriano]. Let K be the field of fractions of R and AK=A⨂ RK. We give a necessary and sufficient condition under which the centre of AK consists of the symmetric polynomials in Jucys–Murphy elements. We also give an application of our result to Ariki–Koike algebras.
High-performance inulin and oligofructose prebiotics increase the intestinal absorption of iron in rats with iron deficiency anaemia during the growth phase
Authors: Freitas Karine de Cássia , Amancio Olga Maria Silvério , de Morais Mauro Batista 
Published: December 2011

Considering the high frequency of anaemia due to Fe deficiency, it is important to evaluate the effects of prebiotics on the absorption of Fe. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of high-performance (HP) inulin, oligofructose and synergy1 during recovery from anaemia in rats through the intestinal absorption of Fe, food intake, body growth, caecal pH and weight of the intestine. Wistar rats (n 47) were fed with rations of AIN93-G with no Fe to induce Fe deficiency anaemia. At 36 d of life, anaemic rats were divided into four groups: (1) the HP inulin group; (2) the synergy1 group; and (3) the oligofructose group, all with 100 g of the respective prebiotic per kg of ration; and (4) a control group, in which the prebiotic was replaced by maize starch. Then, 25 mg of elemental Fe/kg of ration was added to all rations to allow recovery from anaemia. The final values of Hb in the HP inulin, synergy1, oligofructose and control groups were, respectively: 98 (94–99); 83 (81–92); 100 (90–114); 77 (72–81) g/l, with a statistically significant difference (P ≤ 0·001) between the oligofructose and control groups and the HP inulin and control groups. The four groups had an increase in weight and body length and had similar consumption of rations. The intestinal weight and caecal pH were significantly different between the groups that consumed prebiotics and the control group. HP inulin and oligofructose increased the intestinal absorption of Fe in rats.
α-Linolenic acid, linoleic acid and heart failure in women
Authors: Levitan Emily B. , Wolk Alicja , Håkansson Niclas , Mittleman Murray A. 
Published: December 2011

α-Linolenic acid (18 : 3n-3) intake and linoleic acid (18 : 2n-6) intake have been associated with lower rates of CHD, though results have not been consistent. The relationship of these fatty acids with incident heart failure (HF) is not well established. We examined the hypothesis that women with higher intakes of 18 : 3n-3 and 18 : 2n-6 would have lower rates of HF hospitalisation and mortality. We measured 18 : 3n-3 and 18 : 2n-6 intake in 36 234 Swedish Mammography Cohort participants aged 48–83 years using FFQ and followed participants through Swedish inpatient and cause-of-death registers from 1 January 1998 until 31 December 2006. Cox models were used to calculate incidence rate ratios (RR) and 95 % CI. Because of multicollinearity, 18 : 3n-3 and 18 : 2n-6 were examined separately. Over 9 years, 596 women were hospitalised and fifty-five died due to HF. In models accounting for age and other covariates, the RR for HF comparing the top quintile of 18 : 3n-3 (median 1·50 g/d) with the bottom quintile (median 0·88 g/d) was 0·91 (95 % CI 0·71, 1·17, Ptrend = 0·41). The RR comparing the top quintile of 18 : 2n-6 (median 7·8 g/d) with the bottom quintile (median 4·6 g/d) was 1·14 (95 % CI 0·88, 1·46, Ptrend = 0·36). We did not find evidence for the interaction of 18 : 3n-3 and 18 : 2n-6 with each other or with long-chain n-3 fatty acids. In conclusion, these data do not support our hypothesis that 18 : 3n-3 and 18 : 2n-6 are associated with HF. However, these results may not be generalisable to populations with higher intakes of 18 : 3n-3.
The role of embolisation in ENT: an update
Authors: Risley J , Mann K , Jones N S 
Published: December 2011

AbstractObjective:To provide an update on the ever-increasing role that embolisation plays in the practice of otolaryngology.Method:A literature search was performed during November 2008. The Medline, Embase, PubMed and Cochrane databases were searched. This resulted in 285 papers relevant for review.Conclusion:The role of embolisation has expanded greatly to include the management of refractory epistaxis, pre-operative preparation of vascular tumours, vascular injuries and as an adjunct in skull base surgery.
The Dual-Relationship Concept of Right-Ownership in Akan Musical Tradition: A Solution for the Individual and Communal Right-Ownership Conflicts in Music Production
Authors: Beeko E. Kwadwo Odame 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThere are apparently two legal systems of “rights ownership” in Ghana, which are (1) the individuals' rights—a system that overemphasizes the exclusive protection of the individual musicians' rights to ownership, and (2) the communal or governmental rights—a system that provides an exclusive protection of the government's (or community's) rights to ownership. Thus, for while the first are the inalienable rights that empower the autonomous musician universally, and are seen as a “private property” of mutually independent individuals; the second are the inalienable rights that empower the collective rights of the community/government, which are seen as a “public property” for a group, with cultural, communal or linguistic rights; systems that are contrary to the Akan systems of right ownership. My aim in this essay contest is to discuss the Akan “individual-communal” dual-relationship with respect to ownership that embraces these two seemingly unrelated concepts of “rights-ownership.”
Nitrite oxidation in the Namibian oxygen minimum zone
Authors: Füssel Jessika , Lam Phyllis , Lavik Gaute , Jensen Marlene M , Holtappels Moritz , Günter Marcel , Kuypers Marcel M M 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Nitrite oxidation is the second step of nitrification. It is the primary source of oceanic nitrate, the predominant form of bioavailable nitrogen in the ocean. Despite its obvious importance, nitrite oxidation has rarely been investigated in marine settings. We determined nitrite oxidation rates directly in 15N-incubation experiments and compared the rates with those of nitrate reduction to nitrite, ammonia oxidation, anammox, denitrification, as well as dissimilatory nitrate/nitrite reduction to ammonium in the Namibian oxygen minimum zone (OMZ). Nitrite oxidation (⩽372 nm NO2− d−1) was detected throughout the OMZ even when in situ oxygen concentrations were low to non-detectable. Nitrite oxidation rates often exceeded ammonia oxidation rates, whereas nitrate reduction served as an alternative and significant source of nitrite. Nitrite oxidation and anammox co-occurred in these oxygen-deficient waters, suggesting that nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) likely compete with anammox bacteria for nitrite when substrate availability became low. Among all of the known NOB genera targeted via catalyzed reporter deposition fluorescence in situ hybridization, only Nitrospina and Nitrococcus were detectable in the Namibian OMZ samples investigated. These NOB were abundant throughout the OMZ and contributed up to ∼9% of total microbial community. Our combined results reveal that a considerable fraction of the recently recycled nitrogen or reduced NO3− was re-oxidized back to NO3− via nitrite oxidation, instead of being lost from the system through the anammox or denitrification pathways.