bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Interaction of Ionic Liquid 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphate with β-Cyclodextrin in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Rak Jakub , Ondo Daniel , Tkadlecova Marcela , Dohnal Vladimir 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
The formation of inclusion complex of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) with the hydrophobic room temperature ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (bmimPF6) in aqueous solutions was studied at 298.15 K using 1H, 13C, 19F and 31P NMR spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). Currently, there is a disagreement in the literature concerning the structure of the complex formed. In contrast to some results published recently in the literature, we found no reasonable support for β-CD to form an inclusion complex with 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium cation of bmimPF6 in water. Our measurements on bmimPF6, the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (bmimCl), and the inorganic salt potassium hexafluorophosphate (KPF6) consistently support the formation of a weak 1:1 inclusion complex of β-CD with hexafluorophosphate anion instead of the bmim+ cation. The thermodynamic parameters of the respective complexation were calculated. The binding constant was evaluated from ITC and proton, fluorine and phosphorus NMR measurements, and the complex formation enthalpy and entropy were obtained from ITC.
Kinetics and Products of the Reaction O2(1Σg
+) with N2O
Authors: Dunlea Edward J. , Talukdar Ranajit K. , Ravishankara A. R. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that the reaction of O2(1Σg
+) + N2O → NO + NO2 may be a significant source of NOx in the atmosphere if the branching ratio of this channel is greater than ~1%. We have measured the overall rate coefficient (k1) for the reaction of O2(1Σg
+) with N2O to be k1(295 K) = (1.06±0.14)×10−13 cm3 molecule−1 s−1 at 295 K and k1(T) = (7.48±1.66)×10−14 exp[(87±40)/T] cm3 molecule−1 s−1 as a function of temperature over the range 210–370 K. The yields of NO, NO2 or O3 that are possible reaction products from the title reaction were undetectably small. Also, the net loss of N2O from the title reaction was negligibly small. We report upper limits for the yields for the production of NOx, the production of O3 and the loss of N2O (all at 298 K) to be < 2×10−4, < 1×10−3, and < 3×10−3, respectively. We conclude that the reaction of O2(1Σg
+) + N2O is neither a significant source of NOx in the atmosphere nor a significant sink for N2O.
Photolysis of Trichloronitromethane (Chloropicrin) under Atmospheric Conditions
Authors: Vera Teresa , Munoz Amalia , Ródenas Milagros , Vázquez Mónica , Mellouki Abdelwahid , Treacy Jack , Al Mulla Ismael , Sidebottom Howard 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
An experimental investigation on the photolysis of the pesticide chloropicrin, (trichloronitromethane, CCl3NO2), under atmospheric conditions was carried out at the outdoor European Photoreactor, (EUPHORE), in Valencia, Spain. The photodissociation rate coefficient, J
obs(CCl3NO2), was determined directly under sunlight conditions during spring and summer months. Values in the range J
obs(CCl3NO2) = (3.9–5.1)×10−5 s−1 were obtained, corresponding to photolysis lifetimes of 7.1–5.4 hours. Absorption cross-sections for chloropicrin were determined over the wavelength range 260–370 nm, and together with the measured solar flux intensity, were used to calculate the maximum photolysis rate for chloropicrin, J
max. Comparison of the observed photolysis rate with the calculated maximum photolysis rate showed that the effective quantum yield of photodissociation, Φ = J
obs(CCl3NO2)/J
max, was 0.94±0.08. Photolysis of chloropicrin in air or nitrogen gave phosgene as the major carbon-containing product with a yield close to unity based on the loss of chloropicrin. The product yield data were shown to be consistent with a mechanism in which the photolysis channel produces a CCl3 radical and NO2. Kinetic studies on the reactions of hydroxyl radicals and ozone with chloropicrin suggest that, as expected, loss of CCl3NO2 by reaction with these species will be negligible under atmospheric conditions compared to photolysis. Photolysis of chloropicrin in air in the presence of isopropanol gave significant yields of ozone and is consistent with the generation of Cl atoms and NOx following the photodissociation of CCl3NO2. The atmospheric implications of the use of chloropicrin as a pesticide are discussed.
Probing the Equilibrium Size and Hydrogen Bonding Structure in Aqueous Aerosol Droplets
Authors: Treuel Lennart , Butler Jason R. , Hargreaves Graham , Reid Jonathan P. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Comparative measurements on two or more optically trapped aerosol droplets can allow the hygroscopic properties of aerosol to be investigated in exquisite detail. In this paper we consider two methods for assessing the dependence on relative humidity of the water activity and solute concentration in the condensed phase. We demonstrate in this paper that using a control droplet as a microprobe of relative humidity in the vicinity of a second droplet of interest can allow the RH to be determined with an accuracy of between 0.01 to 0.1 %. Not only is such a probe highly responsive, but the accuracy of the RH determination improves with increase in GF or RH, counter to the performance of macroscopic RH probes. We also demonstrate that spontaneous Raman scattering recorded from excitation of the OH stretching vibration in supersaturated solution droplets of sodium chloride shows the considerable perturbation induced by the chloride ion on the hydrogen bonding network. Chloride is recognised as a hydrogen bonding structure breaker and these observations are shown to be consistent with measurements on more dilute solutions.
Temperature and Ionic Strength Dependence of NO3-radical Reactions with Substituted Phenols in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Weller C. , Hoffmann D. , Schaefer T. , Herrmann Hartmut 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
NO3 oxidation reactions contribute to the chemical conversion processes of organic compounds in the tropospheric multiphase system. Substituted phenols are known pollutants in cloud droplets, rain, fog and (deliquescent) particles. This study presents rate constants obtained from kinetic investigations of NO3 reactions with different substituted phenolic compounds in the aqueous solution. Effects of the temperature as well as the ionic strength on the reaction rates were measured using a laser flash photolysis – laser long path absorption (LP-LLPA) set-up. The following rate constants at T = 298 K in M-1s-1 were obtained for reactions of the NO3 radical with 4-nitrophenol (k = (8.8±4.6) · 108), 2-nitrophenol (k = (8.3±1.4) · 108), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (k = (1.5±0.4) · 109), 4-methylphenol (k = (1.7±0.3) · 109), 4-methoxyphenol (k = (2.5±0.4) · 109), 4-aminophenol (k = (2.0±0.3) · 109), 2,6-dichlorophenol (k = (1.3±0.2) · 109), 2,6-dihydroxyphenol (k = (1.7±0.2) · 109), 2,6-dimethylphenol (k = (1.8±0.3) · 109), 2,6-dimethoxyphenol (k = (1.6±0.4) · 109), 2,6-dinitrophenol (k = (2.8±0.9) · 108), 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (k = (1.7±0.3) · 109), 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid (k = (1.4±0.6) · 109), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (k = (1.1±0.2) · 109), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid (k = (1.0±0.3) · 109), 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid (k = (1.3±0.4) · 109). Averaged activation energies of: para-substituted phenols are EAߙpara = 11±6 kJ mol-1; 2,6-substituted phenols EAߙ2,6 = 15±4 , poly-substituted phenols EAߙpoly = 16±4 kJ mol-1. From reactivity correlations it is concluded that 4-nitrophenol, 2,6-dinitrophenol and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid react via direct electron transfer. The majority of investigated compounds react in a mixed regime with contribution of both electron transfer and H-atom abstraction. Surprisingly, changes in ionic strength do not affect the reactions dominated by electron transfer but have an influence on the rate constants of reactions with a mixed mechanism.
Metformin is associated with improved left ventricular diastolic function measured by tissue Doppler imaging in patients with diabetes
Authors: Andersson Charlotte , Søgaard Peter , Hoffmann Søren , Hansen Peter R , Vaag Allan , Major-Pedersen Atheline , Hansen Thomas Fritz , Bech Jan , Køber Lars , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Gislason Gunnar H 
Published: August 2010

ObjectiveTo examine the association between selected glucose-lowering medications and left ventricular (LV) diastolic function in patients with diabetes.DesignRetrospective cohort study (years 2005–2008).MethodsEchocardiograms of 242 patients with diabetes undergoing coronary angiography were analyzed. All patients had an LV ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥20% and were without atrial fibrillation, bundle branch block, valvular disease, or cardiac pacemaker. Patients were grouped according to the use of metformin (n=56), sulfonylureas (n=43), insulin (n=61), and combination treatment (n=82).ResultsMean age (66±10 years) and mean LVEF (45±11%) were similar across the groups. Mean isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) was 66±31, 79±42, 69±23, and 66±29 ms in metformin, sulfonylureas, insulin, and combination treatment groups respectively (P=0.4). Mean early diastolic longitudinal tissue velocity (e′) was 5.3±1.6, 4.6±1.6, 5.3±1.8, and 5.4±1.7 cm/s in metformin, sulfonylureas, insulin, and combination treatment groups (P=0.04). In adjusted linear regression models, the use of metformin was associated with a shorter IVRT (parameter estimate −9.9 ms, P=0.049) and higher e′ (parameter estimate +0.52 cm/s, P=0.03), compared with no use of metformin. The effects of metformin were not altered by concomitant use of sulfonylureas or insulin (P for interactions >0.4).ConclusionsThe use of metformin is associated with improved LV relaxation, as compared with no use of metformin.
Non‐Surgical Periodontal Therapy Improves Serum Levels of C‐Reactive Protein and Edematous States in Female Patients With Idiopathic Edema
Authors: Joseph Rosamma , Narayan Vivek , Krishnan Rajaratnam , Melemadathil Sreelatha 
Published: August 2010

Background: The relationship between periodontal disease and systemic disease is revealing new and exciting associations. Idiopathic edema presents a clinical syndrome with obscure pathophysiology. The present study investigates whether non‐surgical periodontal therapy is beneficial in patients who are not responding to conventional treatment of idiopathic edema.Methods: Thirty patients with idiopathic edema were allocated to intervention and control groups. All the subjects were assessed for systemic (body weight, body mass index, visual scale of edema, serum C‐reactive protein, and serum albumin) and periodontal (plaque index, calculus index, and gingival index) parameters. Non‐surgical periodontal therapy, including oral hygiene instructions, scaling and root planing, and systemic antibiotic therapy, was provided in the intervention group. Both groups were reevaluated after 4 weeks.Results: Both groups were comparable at baseline. All parameters, except serum albumin, showed significant improvement after periodontal therapy. The control group showed further worsening of these parameters.Conclusions: This study shows that sources for systemic inflammation, such as periodontal disease, could affect the pathogenesis of idiopathic edema. Successful elimination of such covert sources of inflammation leads to a clinical benefit in patients who are distressed by this condition.
Joint Metabonomic and Instrumental Analysis for the Classification of Migraine Patients with 677-MTHFR Mutations
Authors: Giustetto Pierangela , Liboni William , Mana Ornella , Allais Gianni , Benedetto Chiara , Molinari Filippo 
Published: August 2010

Migraine is a neurological disorder that correlates with an increased risk of cerebrovascular lesions. Genetic mutations of the MTHFR gene are correlated to migraine and to the increased risk of artery pathologies. Also, migraine patients show altered hematochemical parameters, linked to an impaired platelet aggregation mechanism. Hence, the vascular assessment of migraineurs is of primary importance.
Transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) is used to measure cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) and vasomotor reactivity (by an index measured during breath-holding – BHI). Aim of this study was the metabolic profiling of migraine subjects with T/T677-MTHFR and C/T677-MTHFR mutations and its correlation with CBFV and BHI.
Metabonomic multidimensional techniques were used to describe and cluster subjects. Fifty women suffering from migraine (age: 18-64; 21 with aura) underwent TCD examination, hematochemical blood analysis, Born test, and genetic tests for MTHFR mutation. Fourteen (7 with aura) had T/T677, 18 (8 with aura) had C/T677, and 18 (6 with aura) had no mutation. The total number of variables was 24.
Unsupervised and supervised techniques_showed the correlation between CBFV and BHI with mutation. Discriminant analysis allowed for classifying the subjects with 95.9% sensitivity and 89.0% specificity. Aura was not correlated to mutation or variations of instrumental data.
Our study showed that metabonomics could be effectively applied in clinical problems to show the overall correlation structure of complex systems in pathology. Specifically, our results confirmed the importance of TCD in the metabolic profiling and follow-up of migraine patients.
Analytical solution of equations describing slow axonal transport based on the stop-and-go hypothesis
Authors: Kuznetsov Andrey 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
This paper presents an analytical solution for slow axonal transport in an axon. The governing equations for slow axonal transport are based on the stop-and-go hypothesis which assumes that organelles alternate between short periods of rapid movement on microtubules (MTs), short on-track pauses, and prolonged off-track pauses, when they temporarily disengage from MTs. The model includes six kinetic states for organelles: two for off-track organelles (anterograde and retrograde), two for running organelles, and two for pausing organelles. An analytical solution is obtained for a steady-state situation. To obtain the analytical solution, the governing equations are uncoupled by using a perturbation method. The solution is validated by comparing it with a high-accuracy numerical solution. Results are presented for neurofilaments (NFs), which are characterized by small diffusivity, and for tubulin oligomers, which are characterized by large diffusivity. The difference in transport modes between these two types of organelles in a short axon is discussed. A comparison between zero-order and first-order approximations makes it possible to obtain a physical insight into the effects of organelle reversals (when organelles change the type of a molecular motor they are attached to, an anterograde versus retrograde motor).
Musculoskeletal Complications of Hereditary Hemochromatosis: A Case-Control Study
Authors: RICHETTE PASCAL , OTTAVIANI SÉBASTIEN , VICAUT ERIC , BARDIN THOMAS 
Published: August 2010

Objective.Arthropathy that mimics osteoarthritis (OA) and osteoporosis (OP) is considered a classic complication of hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) but has never been investigated in a cross-sectional study. We investigated whether HH is associated with increased prevalence of OA and OP and related factors.Methods.A self-administered questionnaire was completed by 306 patients with HH and 304 age and sex-matched unaffected controls.Results.The mean age of patients was 60.1 ± 11.3 years, and 47.4% were women. More patients with HH than controls had been given a diagnosis of OA: 50.5% vs 28.9% [adjusted OR (aOR) 2.5, 95% CI 1.8–3.6]. Compared with controls, patients with HH had a higher risk of knee (aOR 5.3, 95% CI 1.1–25.6) and hip replacement prosthesis (aOR 5.2, 95% CI 2.2–11.9). More patients than controls had been diagnosed with OP: 23.3% vs 4.6% (aOR 7.3, 95% CI 3.2–17.0). Patients with HH showed an increased prevalence, although not significant, of wrist (aOR 1.7, 95% CI 0.9–3.0) or vertebral fractures (aOR 1.7, 95% CI 0.8–3.8). The severity of iron overload, as defined by a ferritin level > 1000 μg/l at diagnosis, was associated with OA (p = 0.0005), OP (p = 0.01), presence of hip prosthesis (p = 0.04), wrist fractures (p = 0.002), and vertebral fractures (p = 0.02).Conclusion.This case-control study strongly suggests a significant association among HH, OA, and OP. Joint involvement can be severe, especially in patients with substantially elevated ferritin levels.
Pseudomonasdiarrhea in a child suffering from acute lymphatic leukemia
Authors: De A , Mathurkar H , Baveja S , Manglani M V 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA female child admitted to hospital, diagnosed with acute lymphatic leukemia - CALLA positive, developed loose motions. Her stool culture and blood culture grew Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Although the diarrhea subsided after five days, the stool culture repeatedly grew P. aeruginosa for more than one month, in spite of treatment. Even though diarrhea due to Pseudomonas is rare, it can yet be seen in immunocompromised patients and is also associated with neutropenic enterocolitis. Stool specimens of all leukemia patients on chemotherapy and suffering from diarrhea, should be sent routinely for culture, so as to find out the exact cause of the diarrhea. Proper reporting will enable the clinicians to start appropriate antibiotics, thereby, reducing the morbidity and mortality of the leukemia patients.
Cancer lung: An unusual presentation
Authors: Jakhar Shankar L , Dana Rohitashwa , Punia D P 
Published: August 2010

AbstractPhalanx bone metastasis as the initial manifestation of lung cancer is a rare presentation. A 70-year-old man presented with swelling and pain in his right ring finger. He had no other complaints or abnormal findings on clinical examination. A right hand radiograph showed an osteolytic lesion in the first phalanx of the ring finger. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the swelling suggested a metastatic adenocarcinoma. A skeletal survey, hematological, biochemical, and other radiological tests were found to be normal, except for an opacity seen in the right lung midzone. A bronchoscopic biopsy revealed adenocarcinoma of the lung.
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in AIDS-related non-hodgkin′s lymphoma
Authors: Phatak Uday A 
Published: August 2010

AbstractImmune Reconstitution syndrome following antiretroviral therapy is common in HIV/AIDS patients due to boosting of immunity. A case is reported here wherein AIDS-related Non-Hodgkin′s lymphoma patient received CHOP regimen and antiretroviral therapy. Patient developed tubercular lymphadenopathy paradoxically as a manifestation of IRIS.
Lefschetz Numbers for C*-Algebras
Authors: Emerson Heath 
Published: August 2010

AbstractUsing Poincaré duality, we obtain a formula of Lefschetz type that computes the Lefschetz number of an endomorphism of a separable nuclear C*-algebra satisfying Poincaré duality and the Kunneth theorem. (The Lefschetz number of an endomorphism is the graded trace of the induced map on K-theory tensored with ℂ, as in the classical case.) We then examine endomorphisms of Cuntz–Krieger algebras OA. An endomorphism has an invariant, which is a permutation of an infinite set, and the contracting and expanding behavior of this permutation describes the Lefschetz number of the endomorphism. Using this description, we derive a closed polynomial formula for the Lefschetz number depending on the matrix A and the presentation of the endomorphism.
Severe Rhabdomyolysis Caused by Plasmodium vivax Malaria in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Siqueira André M. , Alexandre Márcia A. A. , Mourão Maria P. G. , Santos Valquir S. , Nagahashi-Marie Suely K. , Alecrim Maria G. C. , Lacerda Marcus V. G. 
Published: August 2010

Severe rhabdomyolysis (creatine phosphokinase = 29,400U/L) developed in a 16-year-old boy from Manaus, Brazil, after he started treatment with chloroquine for infection with Plasmodium vivax. Treatment led to myoglobinuria and acute renal failure. After hemodialysis, the patient improved and a muscle biopsy specimen showed no myophosphorylase or deaminase deficiency. This case of rhabdomyolysis associated with P. vivax infection showed no comorbidities. The pathogenesis is still unclear.Although rhabdomyolysis is generally reported as a complication of Plasmodium falciparum malaria, leading to metabolic and renal complications,1 it has been reported in a patient with P. vivax infection with myoadenylate deaminase deficiency.2 We report a case in a patient without typical muscle enzyme deficiencies in which severe rhabdomyolysis developed while the patients was being treated with chloroquine for a confirmed P. vivax infection.
Description of the smallest critical region for Dandy–Walker malformation in chromosome 13 in a girl with a cryptic deletion related to t(6;13)(q23;q32)
Authors: Mademont‐Soler Irene , Morales Carme , Armengol Lluís , Soler Anna , Sánchez Aurora 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe report on a girl with mild dysmorphic facial features, Dandy–Walker malformation (DWM), iris coloboma, profound hearing loss, and hyperlaxity of skin and joints, whose karyotype is 46,XX,t(6;13)(q23;q32)dn and who has a cryptic imbalance at the 13q32 translocation breakpoint assessed by array‐CGH. Our patient has many clinical manifestations in common with those of the previously reported cases of 13q32 deletions, which suggests that at least part of the abnormal phenotype is probably due to the imbalance. The recurrent finding of DWM among patients with 13q deletions has led to the suggestions that candidate gene/s for its development are on chromosome 13. We describe the smallest 13q deletion associated to DWM, which allows further narrowing of the previously established critical region for this brain malformation to 13q32.2‐32.3. Among the few genes of the deleted region, ZIC2 and ZIC5 seem the most plausible candidates, which is in keeping with some previous reports. This work also illustrates the usefulness of array‐CGH platforms in the identification of cryptic imbalances in carriers of apparently balanced rearrangements with abnormal phenotypes. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Autosomal dominant syndrome of camptodactyly, clinodactyly, syndactyly, and bifid toes
Authors: Malik Sajid , Afzal Muhammad , Gul Sumera , Wahab Abdul , Ahmad Mahmud 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe report on a 25‐year follow‐up of a Pakistani kindred with a unique combination of camptodactyly and clinodactyly of 5th fingers, mesoaxial camptodactyly of toes, and ulnar deviation of 3rd fingers. The less common anomalies in the affected subjects include syndactyly involving all digits, and bifid toes. This condition is grossly bilateral, symmetrical, and affects upper and lower limbs of the 26 affected subjects in the kindred. The comparable number of affected male and female subjects (χ2 = 0.154, P < 0.1), disease allele transmission by mother and father, and the malformation segregation in four consecutive generations are strongly suggestive of autosomal dominant inheritance. Differential diagnosis considered syndactyly types II, III, and V. Only type II syndactyly manifests noticeable phenotypic overlap with the clinical presentation in this family; however, the typical type II syndactyly changes are absent. To the best of our knowledge, this autosomal dominant limb phenotype has not been reported previously. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.