bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Time till Surgery on Post-Operative Outcome of Traumatic Extradural Hematoma
Authors: Waseef Ullah  , Amer Zaman  , Junaid Alam  , Hameed Ullah  , Irfan Ali  , Irfan Ali  , Irfan Ali  , Faisal Shahzad  
Published: May 2024

Objective: Traumatic extradural hematoma (EDH) is a common complication of head injuries, predominantly affecting the working-age male population due to increased outdoor activity. This study aimed to assess the impact of timing in surgical intervention and identify factors influencing outcomes.
Materials and Methods: Seventy-eight consecutive patients diagnosed with traumatic EDH at Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, were included. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the timing of presentation: within 6 hours (early) and after 6 hours (late). Craniotomy and hematoma evacuation were performed, and outcomes were assessed at discharge.
Results: In our study mean and SDs for age were 21.83±31.57. Most of the patients i.e., 54(69.2%) were from the 2nd and 3rd decade of life. The mean hematoma volume was 37.17 ml. The majority of the patients were males 65(83.3%) and RTA 32(42.02%) was the most common cause followed by falls and physical assault respectively. The outcome of early operated (within 6 hours) patients was favorable in 44(95.65%) while 2 (4.34%) did not improve (GOS 2,3). Favorable outcomes (GOS 4,5) in delayed presented patients who operated after 6 hours were 23 (71.87%). 5(15.6%) were not improved (GOS 2,3) and 4(12.5%) died (GOS 1).
Conclusion: Outcomes of patients who operated early are more favorable than those who were operated late. Delayed presentation and intervention increase the mortality and morbidity of patients having traumatic extradural hematoma.
Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) Sebagai Antihiperurisemia Pada Tikus Putih Jantan Yang Di Induksi Kalium Oksonat
Authors: Gultom Evi Deviana 
Published: May 2024

Kersen plant (Muntingia calabura L.) is a plant that has many properties and is useful as medicine. Hyperuricemia is a condition where there is an increase in uric acid levels above normal. The leaf part of this plant is widely used by the community as a traditional medicine because of its metabolite compounds. Flavonoid compounds in cherry leaves can reduce uric acid levels through inhibition of the xanthine oxidase enzyme, an enzyme that acts as a catalyst in the oxidation process of hypoxanthine to xanthine and then to uric acid. By inhibiting the work of the xanthine oxidase enzyme, the formation of uric acid will also be inhibited. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of cherry leaf ethanol extract in reducing uric acid levels in male white rats induced by potassium oxonate. This study used an experimental method using 25 male white rats induced by potassium oxonate. The test animals were divided into 5 groups: negative control (CMC Na 1%), positive control (Allopurinol), EEDK dose of 300 mg/kgBB, EEDK dose of 400 mg/kgBB, EEDK dose of 500 mg/kgBB. Measurement of uric acid levels in rats using the point of care testing (POCT) method. All data obtained were analyzed statistically using the One Way Anova test. The results of the analysis showed that there were significant differences between the negative control, positive control, EEDK 300 mg/kg, EEDK 400 mg/kg, and EEDK 500 mg/kg (P<0.05). The most effective dose of cherry leaf ethanol extract as an antihyperuricemia is the EEDK dose of 500 mg/kg BW. There was no significant difference between EEDK 400 mg/kgBW, EEDK 500 mg/kgBW and positive control (P>0.05). Based on the results of the analysis that has been done, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of cherry leaves has an antihyperuricemia effect in rats.

Keywords: Cherry leaves, Hyperuricemia, Potassium oxonate
EDUKASI MANFAAT REBUSAN DAUN BANGUN-BANGUN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI ASI DI DESA SIDOMULYO KECAMATAN BIRU-BIRU MEDAN TAHUN 2024
Authors: Natalia Kristin - , Nasution Naimah 
Published: May 2024

Air susu ibu (ASI) adalah suatu emulsi lemak dalam larutan protein, laktasi, dan garam garam anorganik yang disekresikan oleh kelenjar mamae ibu, dan berguna sebagai makanan bayi dan cairan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan gizi bayi dan melindunginya melawan kemungkinan serangan penyakit (Maryunani, 2012). Daun bangun-bangun merupakan salah satu etno botani Indonesia yang secara turun temurun dimanfaatkan masyarakat khususnya wilayah Sumatera Utara sebagai menu sayuran sehari-hari dan terutama disajikan untuk ibu-ibu yang baru melahirkan. Daun ini dapat dijadikan jus yang digunakan untuk obat batuk anakl -anak. Salah satu kandungan yang terdapat dalam daun bangun l adalah kandungan laktolgagum yang berfungsi ml eningkatkan laju sl ekrl esi dan pl eningkatan prl oduksi l ASI. Kegiatan pengabdian k epada masyarakat ini l dilakukan di Desa Sidlomulylo, Klecamatan Biru-Biru yang dilakukan selama 1 hari, pada tanggal 3 Maret 2024. Metlolde l penyuluhan ini blerupa plenyampaian plengletahuan dan kletlerampilan individu mlenggunakan pebelajaran atau intruksi yang bl ertujuan ml engkonversi atau m emengaruhi tindakan manusia baik secara masyarakat,kelompok, atau l individu dapat lebih indl epl endent dalam mencapai target l penyuluhan. Hasil plengamatan lapangan dijadikan dasar untuk memantapkan konsep penyuluhan l yang disampaikan dalam bentuk Sosialisasi l Edukasi Manfaat Rl ebusan Daun Bangun-Bangun Terhadap P eningkatan Pr oduksi Asi di Dl esa Sidomulyo.
Planejamento público estratégico: um olhar a partir dos atingidos por barragens
Authors: Ampolini Geverson , Pavão Daiane , Renk Arlene , Winckler Silvana 
Published: May 2024

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo explicitar a necessidade de adoção de políticas públicas mitigadoras específicas para pessoas atingidas por barragens, no contexto do planejamento público prévio à implantação de grandes empreendimentos hidrelétricos. A instalação de grandes usinas tem levantado uma série de questionamentos relacionados aos custos sociais e ambientais envolvidos, sobretudo pelo remanejamento populacional em decorrência das obras de instalação das usinas e o enchimento dos reservatórios. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, emprega o método etnográfico, combinando pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas. As políticas públicas voltadas para os atingidos por barragens revelaram-se insuficientes ao longo do tempo, pois não consideram as particularidades socioculturais e econômicas desses grupos. Elas falham em oferecer suporte adequado ao processo de desestruturação-reestruturação causado pelo deslocamento compulsório e pelos impactos indiretos das barragens, como a alteração do curso dos rios, afetando a economia local. Essas políticas oferecem soluções que apenas marginalmente atendem aos interesses dos atingidos, destacando a prevalência dos aspectos econômicos sobre os sociais na construção de usinas hidrelétricas no país. Conclui-se que a construção de barragens no Brasil enfrenta desafios e impactos significativos, como os desastres de Mariana e Brumadinho, revelando lacunas na regulação e gestão. É urgente desenvolver políticas públicas eficazes com planejamento estratégico, abordagem equitativa e consideração dos impactos de longo prazo. Apesar das dificuldades persistentes, políticas que garantam reassentamento adequado, indenizações justas e participação das comunidades são essenciais para uma resposta eficaz e promover o desenvolvimento sustentável.
New task–new results? How the gaze cone is influenced by the method of measurement
Authors: Linke Linda , Horstmann Gernot 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPerceiving direct gaze — the perception of being looked at — is important in everyday life. The gaze cone is a concept to define the area in which observers perceive gaze as direct. The most frequently used methods to measure direct gaze threshold fall into two broad groups: First, a variant of the method of constant stimuli, firstly introduced by Gibson and Pick (The American Journal of Psychology, 76, 386–394, 1963). Second, a variant of the method of adjustment, firstly introduced by Gamer and Hecht (Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 33, 705–715, 2007). Previous studies found a considerable range of thresholds, and although some influences on thresholds are already known (uncertainty, clinical groups), thresholds often vary for no apparent reason. Another important method is a triadic gaze-perception task, which usually finds triadic gaze direction judgments to be overestimated. In two experiments, we compare the method of adjustment with the method of constant stimuli. Experiment 1 additionally examines the influence of the overestimation effect found in the triadic task. Results indicate that thresholds are larger when measured by the method of adjustment than by constant stimuli. Furthermore, Experiment 1 finds a nonlinear overestimation factor, indicating that gaze directions near 0° are less overestimated than larger eccentricities. Correcting the thresholds with individually obtained overestimation factors widens the gaze cone but does not eliminate the average difference between the methods of adjustments and constant stimuli.
Taboo language across the globe: A multi-lab study
Authors: Sulpizio Simone , Günther Fritz , Badan Linda , Basclain Benjamin , Brysbaert Marc , Chan Yuen Lai , Ciaccio Laura Anna , Dudschig Carolin , Duñabeitia Jon Andoni , Fasoli Fabio , Ferrand Ludovic , Filipović Đurđević Dušica , Guerra Ernesto , Hollis Geoff , Job Remo , Jornkokgoud Khanitin , Kahraman Hasibe , Kgolo-Lotshwao Naledi , Kinoshita Sachiko , Kos Julija , Lee Leslie , Lee Nala H. , Mackenzie Ian Grant , Manojlović Milica , Manouilidou Christina , Martinic Mirko , del Carmen Méndez Maria , Mišić Ksenija , Chiangmai Natinee Na , Nikolaev Alexandre , Oganyan Marina , Rusconi Patrice , Samo Giuseppe , Tse Chi-shing , Westbury Chris , Wongupparaj Peera , Yap Melvin J. , Marelli Marco 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe use of taboo words represents one of the most common and arguably universal linguistic behaviors, fulfilling a wide range of psychological and social functions. However, in the scientific literature, taboo language is poorly characterized, and how it is realized in different languages and populations remains largely unexplored. Here we provide a database of taboo words, collected from different linguistic communities (Study 1,N= 1046), along with their speaker-centered semantic characterization (Study 2,N= 455 for each of six rating dimensions), covering 13 languages and 17 countries from all five permanently inhabited continents. Our results show that, in all languages, taboo words are mainly characterized by extremely low valence and high arousal, and very low written frequency. However, a significant amount of cross-country variability in words’ tabooness and offensiveness proves the importance of community-specific sociocultural knowledge in the study of taboo language.
Citizens’ Perception on Effects of Kidnapping on Security in Edo South Senatorial District
Authors: Agbi Nelson , Osadema Maria Nkonyeasua 
Published: May 2024

The cases of kidnapping in Nigeria and in Edo State in particular are rising, and taking dangerous dimensions. What exists in the literature is an ample of research reports on the causes and socioeconomic implications of kidnapping. The general objective of this study is to explore citizens’ perception of the effects of the rising incidence of kidnapping on the security situations in Edo South Senatorial District of Edo State. The exploratory research design operated with the cross sectional research design was adopted for this study. The calculated sample size for this study was placed at approximately 816. For the collection of qualitative data, the purposive sampling techniques were used to select two interviewees from each of the local government areas. Hence, there were 14 interviewees for the collection of qualitative data that complemented the quantitative data. The majority of respondents (54.7%) believe that the death of victims during kidnappings is avoidable or preventable. There was statistically significant difference in the perception of the level of panic due to kidnapping in Edo South according to the age groups. There is statistically significant association between educational qualification and the tendency to get the Police involved in cases of kidnapping. There was statistically significant difference in perceived police effectiveness in the fight against kidnapping in Edo South according the respondents’ nature of employment. In conclusion, there is a significant number of people who are concerned about kidnapping in their area, with most of affirming a high level of panic due to kidnapping. Kidnapping has a negative impact on society and is a source of fear and concern for many people. The lack of proper security measures adds to the problem, and people are left to take precautions to avoid being kidnapped. The citizens are adjusting to the panic caused by kidnapping by taking practical measures to ensure their safety and seeking solace through spiritual practices. It is recommended that the police should take proactive measures to prevent kidnappings, have the necessary resources and training to handle kidnapping cases, and work with other security agencies and organizations to provide support and services to victims after their release.
Pemanfaatan Instagram Sebagai Media Promosi Potensi Desa Lamong
Authors: Hakim Lukman , Kurnia Wati Fatma , Rohmatul Hidayah Ana , Ardiani Martha Regita Sari Puteri , Fahrun Nisa Syuhroh , Rohmawati Ani , Fikri Ahmadi Kanzul 
Published: May 2024

Desa Lamong merupakan salah satu desa yang berada di Kecamatan Badas Kabupaten Kediri. Desa Lamong memiliki geografis strategis dengan tanah yang subur. Hal tersebut membuat Desa Lamong memiliki banyak potensi dari berbagai sektor. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan memberikan pendampingan pada perangkat desa agar bisa memanfaatkan media sosial untuk promosi. Hal ini untuk menjawab tantangan nama Desa Lamong masih belum banyak dikenal bahkan terdengar asing bagi masyarakat Kediri padahal memiliki potensi cukup besar. Dari kesenjangan tersebut muncul inisiasi program pengabdian pemanfaatan instagram sebagai media promosi potensi Desa Lamong. Instagram dipilih karena tingginya minat masyarakat terhadap penggunaan media sosial tersebut dan tingkat keberhasilan promosi. Metode pelaksanaan dalam Program ini dengan melakukan tahap perencanaan, pengerjaan, evaluasi, dan menindak lanjuti, dalam proses pengerjaan memanfaatkan fitur Instagram yang ada seperti reel, feed, dan caption. Program ini berjalan dengan baik sebagai promosi potensi Desa Lamong karena jangkauan instagram yang cepat dan luas, membuat promosi dengan cepat sampai kepada masyarakat.
Peningkatan Peluang Berwirausaha Melalui Pelatihan Ecoprint Teknik Pounding Guna Mendorong Terwujudnya Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Authors: Rohmah Fatikhatur , Anindyarini Atikah , Kedhaton Alfiah Kenes Sekar 
Published: May 2024

Kewirausahaan merupakan kegiatan yang melibatkan kemampuan memperoleh keuntungan dengan mengorganisir, mengelola dan mengambil risiko. Kewirausahaan memegang peranan penting dalam mendorong perekonomian negara. Semakin tinggi jumlah wirausaha di suatu negara maka semakin tinggi pertumbuhan perekonomian negara tersebut. Oleh karena itu, jumlah wirausaha perlu ditingkatkan untuk menciptakan lapangan kerja baru sehingga dapat mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi negara. Tujuan diadakannya pelatihan ecoprint ini yaitu untuk memberikan pemahaman mengenai ecoprint, dengan harapan dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan peluang berwirausaha masyarakat. Pelatihan ini dilakukan dengan metode simulasi yang di dalamnya terdiri dari tiga tahapan, yaitu 1) tahap pengenalan; 2) tahap pembuatan; dan 3) tahap fiksasi. Pelatihan dilaksanakan di Kampung Agrowisata Bonsai pada tanggal 17 Agustus 2023 dengan jumlah peserta 10 orang yang merupakan anggota organisasi kemasyarakatan PKK. Kegiatan pelatihan pembuatan ecoprint, secara garis besar berjalan dengan lancar sesuai dengan rencana kegiatan yang telah disusun. Dari seluruh peserta yang mengikuti kegiatan pelatihan, sebagian besar dapat memahami dengan baik dan sebagian peserta lainnya masih memerlukan bimbingan lagi. Dengan demikian, kegiatan pelatihan ecoprint yang telah dilaksanakan dapat meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat mengenai pembuatan ecoprint.
CAMEL. II. A 3D Coronal Mass Ejection Catalog Based on Coronal Mass Ejection Automatic Detection with Deep Learning
Authors: Shan 单 Jiahui 家辉 , Zhang 张 Huapeng 化鹏 , Lu 卢 Lei 磊 , Zhang 张 Yan 岩 , Feng 封 Li 莉 , Ge 葛 Yunyi 蕴翊 , Xue 薛 Jianchao 建朝 , Li 李 Shuting 舒婷 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are major drivers of geomagnetic storms, which may cause severe space weather effects. Automating the detection, tracking, and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of CMEs is important for operational predictions of CME arrivals. The COR1 coronagraphs on board the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory spacecraft have facilitated extensive polarization observations, which are very suitable for the establishment of a 3D CME system. We have developed such a 3D system comprising four modules: classification, segmentation, tracking, and 3D reconstructions. We generalize our previously pretrained classification model to classify COR1 coronagraph images. Subsequently, as there are no publicly available CME segmentation data sets, we manually annotate the structural regions of CMEs using Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph C2 observations. Leveraging transformer-based models, we achieve state-of-the-art results in CME segmentation. Furthermore, we improve the tracking algorithm to solve the difficult separation task of multiple CMEs. In the final module, tracking results, combined with the polarization ratio technique, are used to develop the first single-view 3D CME catalog without requiring manual mask annotation. Our method provides higher precision in automatic 2D CME catalog and more reliable physical parameters of CMEs, including 3D propagation direction and speed. The aforementioned 3D CME system can be applied to any coronagraph data with the capability of polarization measurements.
TREASUREHUNT: Transients and Variability Discovered with HST in the JWST North Ecliptic Pole Time-domain Field
Authors: O’Brien Rosalia , Jansen Rolf A. , Grogin Norman A. , Cohen Seth H. , Smith Brent M. , Silver Ross M. , Maksym W. P. , Windhorst Rogier A. , Carleton Timothy , Koekemoer Anton M. , Hathi Nimish P. , Willmer Christopher N. A. , Frye Brenda L. , Alpaslan M. , Ashby M. L. N. , Ashcraft T. A. , Bonoli S. , Brisken W. , Cappelluti N. , Civano F. , Conselice C. J. , Dhillon V. S. , Driver S. P. , Duncan K. J. , Dupke R. , Elvis M. , Fazio G. G. , Finkelstein S. L. , Gim H. B. , Griffiths A. , Hammel H. B. , Hyun M. , Im M. , Jones V. R. , Kim D. , Ladjelate B. , Larson R. L. , Malhotra S. , Marshall M. A. , Milam S. N. , Pierel J. D. R. , Rhoads J. E. , Rodney S. A. , Röttgering H. J. A. , Rutkowski M. J. , Ryan R. E. , Ward M. J. , White C. W. , van Weeren R. J. , Zhao X. , Summers J. , D’Silva J. C. J. , Ortiz R. , Robotham A. S. G. , Coe D. , Nonino M. , Pirzkal N. , Yan H. , Acharya T. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) Time-domain Field (TDF) is a >14′ diameter field optimized for multiwavelength time-domain science with JWST. It has been observed across the electromagnetic spectrum both from the ground and from space, including with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). As part of HST observations over three cycles (the “TREASUREHUNT” program), deep images were obtained with the Wide Field Camera on the Advanced Camera for Surveys in F435W and F606W that cover almost the entire JWST NEP TDF. Many of the individual pointings of these programs partially overlap, allowing an initial assessment of the potential of this field for time-domain science with HST and JWST. The cumulative area of overlapping pointings is ∼88 arcmin2, with time intervals between individual epochs that range between 1 day and 4+ yr. To a depth of m
AB ≃ 29.5 mag (F606W), we present the discovery of 12 transients and 190 variable candidates. For the variable candidates, we demonstrate that Gaussian statistics are applicable and estimate that ∼80 are false positives. The majority of the transients will be supernovae, although at least two are likely quasars. Most variable candidates are active galactic nuclei (AGNs), where we find 0.42% of the general z ≲ 6 field galaxy population to vary at the ∼3σ level. Based on a 5 yr time frame, this translates into a random supernova areal density of up to ∼0.07 transients arcmin−2 (∼245 deg−2) per epoch and a variable AGN areal density of ∼1.25 variables arcmin−2 (∼4500 deg−2) to these depths.
X-Rays from a Central “Exhaust Vent” of the Galactic Center Chimney
Authors: Mackey Scott C. , Morris Mark R. , Ponti Gabriele , Anastasopoulou Konstantina , Mondal Samaresh 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Using deep archival observations from the Chandra X-ray Observatory, we present an analysis of linear X-ray-emitting features located within the southern portion of the Galactic center chimney and oriented orthogonal to the Galactic plane, centered at coordinates l = 0.°08, b = −1.°42. The surface brightness and hardness ratio patterns are suggestive of a cylindrical morphology, which may have been produced by a plasma outflow channel extending from the Galactic center. Our fits of the feature’s spectra favor a complex two-component model consisting of thermal and recombining plasma components, possibly a sign of shock compression or heating of the interstellar medium by outflowing material. Assuming a recombining plasma scenario, we further estimate the cooling timescale of this plasma to be on the order of a few hundred to thousands of years, leading us to speculate that a sequence of accretion events onto the Galactic black hole may be a plausible quasi-continuous energy source to sustain the observed morphology.
Expected Impact of Glints from Space Debris in the LSST
Authors: Tyson J. Anthony , Snyder Adam , Polin Daniel , Rawls Meredith L. , Ivezić Željko 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We examine the simple model put forth in a recent note by Loeb regarding the brightness of space debris in the size range of 1–10 cm and their impact on the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) transient object searches. Their main conclusion was that “image contamination by untracked space debris might pose a bigger challenge [than large commercial satellite constellations in Low-Earth orbit].” Following corrections and improvements to this model, we calculate the apparent brightness of tumbling low-Earth orbit (LEO) debris of various sizes, and we briefly discuss the likely impact and potential mitigations of glints from space debris in LSST. We find the majority of the difference in predicted signal-to-noise ratio (S/N), about a factor of 6, arises from the defocus of LEO objects due to the large Simonyi Survey Telescope primary mirror and finite range of the debris. The largest change from the Loeb estimates is that 1–10 cm debris in LEO pose no threat to LSST transient object alert generation because their S/N for detection will be much lower than estimated by Loeb due to defocus. We find that only tumbling LEO debris larger than 10 cm or with significantly greater reflectivity, which give 1 ms glints, might be detected with high confidence (S/N > 5). We estimate that only one in five LSST exposures low on the sky during twilight might be affected. More slowly tumbling objects of larger size can give flares in brightness that are easily detected; however, these will not be cataloged by the LSST Science Pipelines because of the resulting long streak.