bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological resistance to insulin therapy in adults with type 2 diabetes: mixed‐method systematic review
Authors: Wang Huey‐Fen , Yeh Mei Chang 
Published: November 2011

wang h.‐f. & yeh m.c. (2011) Psychological resistance to insulin therapy in adults with type 2 diabetes: mixed‐method systematic review. Journal of Advanced Nursing 68(4), 743–757.AbstractAim.  This paper is a report of a review that aimed to describe the phenomenon of psychological resistance to insulin therapy from the perspective of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Background.  Although the benefits of insulin for people with diabetes who are poorly controlled by oral agents have been established, delay in transition to insulin treatment is common. An understanding of the barriers to insulin from the client’s viewpoint provides information to facilitate appropriate and effective care.Data sources.  Searches were carried out between 1999 and 2009 using computerized databases, three in English language and one in Chinese.Review methods.  Review design was a mixed‐method systematic review, and data abstraction and synthesis were undertaken by thematic synthesis. Reviewed articles were restricted to adults with type 2 diabetes and published in English or Chinese.Results.  Sixteen articles were included. For adults with type 2 diabetes, psychological resistance to insulin therapy could be explained by five themes. Three themes were categorized as cognitive appraisal, including ‘people do not see the necessity for insulin and actively seek ways to control blood sugars without insulin’, ‘people have a holistic view of the consequences of insulin’ and ‘people see insulin therapy as less feasible’. Two themes were categorized as emotional reactions: ‘people see insulin as a source of fear/anxiety’, and ‘the necessity to start insulin therapy has a very negative connotation for them and is associated with dysfunctional emotions’.Conclusion.  Psychological resistance to insulin therapy can result from a range of personal viewpoints involving cognitive appraisal and/or emotional reactions.
Meningococcal surface fibril (Msf) binds to activated vitronectin and inhibits the terminal complement pathway to increase serum resistance
Authors: Griffiths Natalie J. , Hill Darryl J. , Borodina Elena , Sessions Richard B. , Devos Nathalie I. , Feron Christiane M. , Poolman Jan T. , Virji Mumtaz 
Published: November 2011

SummaryComplement evasion is an important survival strategy of Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) during colonization and infection. Previously, we have shown that Nm Opc binds to serum vitronectin to inhibit complement‐mediated killing. In this study, we demonstrate meningococcal interactions with vitronectin via a novel adhesin, Msf (meningococcal surface fibril, previously NhhA or Hsf). As with Opc, Msf binds preferentially to activated vitronectin (aVn), engaging at its N‐terminal region but the C‐terminal heparin binding domain may also participate. However, unlike Opc, the latter binding is not heparin‐mediated. By binding to aVn, Msf or Opc can impart serum resistance, which is further increased in coexpressers, a phenomenon dependent on serum aVn concentrations. The survival fitness of aVn‐binding derivatives was evident from mixed population studies, in which msf/opc mutants were preferentially depleted. In addition, using vitronectin peptides to block Msf–aVn interactions, aVn‐induced inhibition of lytic C5b‐9 formation and of serum killing could be reversed. As Msf‐encoding gene is ubiquitous in the meningococcal strains examined and is expressed in vivo, serum resistance via Msf may be of significance to meningococcal pathogenesis. The data imply that vitronectin binding may be an important strategy for the in vivo survival of Nm for which the bacterium has evolved redundant mechanisms.
Administration of Flutamide Alters Sperm Ultrastructure, Sperm Plasma Membrane Integrity and its Stability, and Sperm Mitochondrial Oxidative Capability in the Boar: In Vivo and In Vitro Approach
Authors: Lydka M , Piasecka M , Gaczarzewicz D , Koziorowski M , Bilinska B 
Published: November 2011

ContentsOur previous work has shown that an anti‐androgen flutamide administered pre‐ and post‐natally induced adverse effects on the epididymal morphology and function of adult boars. The present investigation is aimed to understand the effect of flutamide and its metabolite on changes in sperm plasma membrane integrity and its stability, changes in mitochondrial oxidative capability and frequency of abnormal sperm. In vivo effects of flutamide (50 mg/kg b.w.) on sperm ultrastructure were examined by electron microscopic observations. In vitro effects of 5, 50 and 100 μg/ml hydroxyflutamide, administered for 2 and 24 h, on sperm plasma membrane integrity were measured by LIVE/DEAD Sperm Vitality kit, while those on sperm membrane stability and mitochondrial oxidoreductive activity were investigated using Merocyanine 540 and NADH tests, respectively. The incidence of abnormal spermatozoa increased significantly (p < 0.05) in flutamide‐treated boars compared with controls. In an in vitro approach, low dose of hydroxyflutamide in 2‐h incubations appeared less effective in altering the sperm plasma membrane integrity and its stability than two higher doses used (p < 0.05). No further decrease in the membrane integrity was found when the effect of anti‐androgen lasted for 24 h. On the other hand, a decrease in sperm membrane destabilization and mitochondrial oxidoreductive activity was strengthened after 24 h of hydroxyflutamide administration (p < 0.05). Characterization of sperm parameters with regard to oxidative capability of mitochondria, plasma membrane changes and sperm ultrastructure provides novel data on the boar sperm sensitivity to anti‐androgen action. Results indicate high sensitivity of boar spermatozoa to androgen withdrawal.
Relationship Between Dose of Cloprostenol and Age of Corpus Luteum on the Luteolytic Response of Early Dioestrous Mares: A Field Study
Authors: Cuervo‐Arango J , Newcombe JR 
Published: November 2011

ContentsThe objective of this study was to establish and characterize the relationship between the dose of cloprostenol (37.5, 250, 500 and 750 μg) and the age of the early corpus luteum (CL) (80, 88, 96, 104 and 112 h) on the luteolytic response of mares. Behavioural oestrus and ultrasonographic signs of return to oestrus were considered as the occurrence of full luteolysis. A total of 298 mares were divided into groups according to dose of cloprostenol and CL age. There was an effect of dose of cloprostenol (p < 0.001) and age of the CL at the time of treatment (p < 0.001) on the percentage of mares with full luteolysis. The efficacy of 37.5 μg of d‐cloprostenol was similar to that of 250  μg of d,l‐cloprostenol (p  >  0.05); and that of 500 similar to that of 750 μg (p > 0.05). The higher dose groups (500 and 750 μg) induced full luteolysis more frequently than the lower dose groups (37.5 and 250 μg) 96–104 h post‐ovulation. There was no effect of CL age or cloprostenol dose on the interovulatory interval (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the effect of cloprostenol on the percentage of mares undergoing full luteolysis is dose‐dependent. However, this effect is only evident in mares with CLs aged between 96 and 104 h. There is no advantage of administering more than 500 μg of d,l‐cloprostenol (Estrumate®), to obtain a higher percentage of mares with full luteolysis in mares with CLs aged 80–112 h.
JUA clinical guidelines for benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Homma Yukio , Gotoh Momokazu , Yokoyama Osamu , Masumori Naoya , Kawauchi Akihiro , Yamanishi Tomonori , Ishizuka Osamu , Seki Narihito , Kamoto Toshiyuki , Nagai Atsushi , Ozono Seiichiro 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe Japanese Urological Association has developed Clinical Guidelines for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) for men with suspected BPH. This article is an English translation of the abridged version of the Guidelines. The Guidelines were formulated on the basis of evidence retrieved from the PubMed database between 1995 and 2009, as well as other relevant sources. The target patients of these Guidelines are men with suspected BPH, and the target users are urologists. A mandatory assessment should include a medical history, a physical examination, the completion of symptom and quality of life questionnaires, a urinalysis, a prostate ultrasonography, measurement of serum prostate specific antigen and postvoid residual urine, and uroflowmetry. Optional tests include keeping a bladder diary, the measurement of serum creatinine, and upper urinary tract ultrasonography. Care should be taken to not overlook coexisting diseases such as infections or malignancies that may obscure the diagnosis. Treatment should consist of conservative therapy or the use of medications such as α1‐adrenoceptor antagonists, or both. The use of 5α‐reductase inhibitors or anticholinergic agents should be considered in patients with an enlarged prostate (>30 mL) or overactive bladder symptoms (Overactive Bladder Symptom Score ≥6), respectively. Surgical intervention is indicated when non‐surgical treatments fail to provide sufficient symptomatic relief, and when bladder outlet obstruction is highly suspected.
Inhibition of cortactin and SIRT1 expression attenuates migration and invasion of prostate cancer DU145 cells
Authors: Nakane Keita , Fujita Yasunori , Terazawa Riyako , Atsumi Yuko , Kato Taku , Nozawa Yoshinori , Deguchi Takashi , Ito Masafumi 
Published: November 2011

Objectives:  Cortactin is overexpressed in various types of cancer and enhances cell motility. It has been recently reported that silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 interacts with cortactin and promotes cell migration. Here, we examined the role of cortactin and silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 in migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells.Methods:  The cortactin expression levels in DU145, LNCaP and PC3 prostate cancer cells, and in PrEC normal human prostate epithelial cells were evaluated by western blot analysis. In DU145 cells, the expression of cortactin or silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 was inhibited by small interfering RNA, and the effects of their knockdown on migration and invasion were examined by cell migration and invasion assays. To determine the localization of cortactin and silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1, western blot and immunofluorescence microscopic analyses were carried out. The functional interaction between silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 and cortactin was also studied by in vivo acetylation assay.Results:  The protein expression of cortactin was significantly higher in DU145 cells than in other cell lines. Knockdown of cortactin or silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 expression inhibited both migration and invasion of DU145 cells. Similarly to cortactin, silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 was found to be predominantly expressed in the cytoplasm. Finally, the knockdown of silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 expression increased the acetylation level of cortactin.Conclusions:  Our findings suggest that inhibition of cortactin or silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 expression attenuates migration and invasion of DU145 cells and this could represent a promising strategy to regulate metastasis of prostate cancer.
RepSnapping: Efficient Image Cutout for Repeated Scene Elements
Authors: Huang Hua , Zhang Lei , Zhang Hong‐Chao 
Published: November 2011

AbstractRepeated scene elements are copious and ubiquitous in natural images. Cutout of those repeated elements usually involves tedious and laborious user interaction by previous image segmentation methods. In this paper, we present RepSnapping, a novel method oriented to cutout of repeated scene elements with much less user interaction. By exploring inherent similarity between repeated elements, a new optimization model is introduced to thread correlated elements in the segmentation procedure. The model proposed here enables efficient solution using max‐flow/min cut on an extended graph. Experiments indicate that RepSnapping facilitates cutout of repeated elements better than the state‐of‐the‐art interactive image segmentation and repetition detection methods.
Efficient opacity specification based on feature visibilities in direct volume rendering
Authors: Wang Yunhai , Zhang Jian , Chen Wei , Zhang Huai , Chi Xuebin 
Published: November 2011

AbstractDue to 3D occlusion, the specification of proper opacities in direct volume rendering is a time‐consuming and unintuitive process. The visibility histograms introduced by Correa and Ma reflect the effect of occlusion by measuring the influence of each sample in the histogram to the rendered image. However, the visibility is defined on individual samples, while volume exploration focuses on conveying the spatial relationships between features. Moreover, the high computational cost and large memory requirement limits its application in multi‐dimensional transfer function design.In this paper, we extend visibility histograms to feature visibility, which measures the contribution of each feature in the rendered image. Compared to visibility histograms, it has two distinctive advantages for opacity specification. First, the user can directly specify the visibilities for features and the opacities are automatically generated using an optimization algorithm. Second, its calculation requires only one rendering pass with no additional memory requirement. This feature visibility based opacity specification is fast and compatible with all types of transfer function design. Furthermore, we introduce a two‐step volume exploration scheme, in which an automatic optimization is first performed to provide a clear illustration of the spatial relationship and then the user adjusts the visibilities directly to achieve the desired feature enhancement. The effectiveness of this scheme is demonstrated by experimental results on several volumetric datasets.
Discriminative Sketch‐based 3D Model Retrieval via Robust Shape Matching
Authors: Shao Tianjia , Xu Weiwei , Yin Kangkang , Wang Jingdong , Zhou Kun , Guo Baining 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe propose a sketch‐based 3D shape retrieval system that is substantially more discriminative and robust than existing systems, especially for complex models. The power of our system comes from a combination of a contour‐based 2D shape representation and a robust sampling‐based shape matching scheme. They are defined over discriminative local features and applicable for partial sketches; robust to noise and distortions in hand drawings; and consistent when strokes are added progressively. Our robust shape matching, however, requires dense sampling and registration and incurs a high computational cost. We thus devise critical acceleration methods to achieve interactive performance: precomputing kNN graphs that record transformations between neighboring contour images and enable fast online shape alignment; pruning sampling and shape registration strategically and hierarchically; and parallelizing shape matching on multi‐core platforms or GPUs. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our system through various experiments, comparisons, and user studies.
Flexible Splicing of Upper‐Body Motion Spaces on Locomotion
Authors: van Basten B.J.H. , Egges A. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThis paper presents an efficient technique for synthesizing motions by stitching, or splicing, an upper‐body motion retrieved from a motion space on top of an existing lower‐body locomotion of another motion. Compared to the standard motion splicing problem, motion space splicing imposes new challenges as both the upper and lower body motions might not be known in advance.Our technique is the first motion (space) splicing technique that propagates temporal and spatial properties of the lower‐body locomotion to the newly generated upper‐body motion and vice versa. Whereas existing techniques only adapt the upper‐body motion to fit the lower‐body motion, our technique also adapts the lower‐body locomotion based on the upper body task for a more coherent full‐body motion. In this paper, we will show that our decoupled approach is able to generate high‐fidelity full‐body motion for interactive applications such as games.
River Networks for Instant Procedural Planets
Authors: Derzapf E. , Ganster B. , Guthe M. , Klein R. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractRealistic terrain models are required in many applications, especially in computer games. Commonly, procedural models are applied to generate the corresponding models and let users experience a wide variety of new environments. Existing algorithms generate landscapes immediately with view‐dependent resolution and without preprocessing. Unfortunately, landscapes generated by such algorithms lack river networks and therefore appear unnatural. Algorithms that integrate realistic river networks are computationally expensive and cannot be used to generate a locally adaptive high resolution landscape during a fly‐through. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm to generate realistic river networks. Our procedural algorithm creates complete planets and landscapes with realistic river networks within seconds. It starts with a coarse base geometry of a planet without further preprocessing and user intervention. By exploiting current graphics hardware, the proposed algorithm is able to generate adaptively refined landscape geometry during fly‐throughs.
Edge‐Optimized À‐Trous Wavelets for Local Contrast Enhancement with Robust Denoising
Authors: Hanika Johannes , Dammertz Holger , Lensch Hendrik 
Published: November 2011

AbstractIn this paper we extend the edge‐avoiding à‐trous wavelet transform for local contrast enhancement while avoiding common artifacts such as halos and gradient reversals. We show that this algorithm is a highly efficient and robust tool for image manipulation based on multi‐scale decompositions. It can achieve comparable results to previous high‐quality methods while being orders of magnitude faster and simpler to implement. Our method is much more robust than previously known fast methods by avoiding aliasing and ringing which is achieved by introducing a data‐adaptive edge weight. Operating on multi‐scale, our algorithm can directly include the BayesShrink method for denoising. For moderate noise levels our edge‐optimized technique consistently improves separation of signal and noise.
Computing 3D Shape Guarding and Star Decomposition
Authors: Yu W. , Li X. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThis paper proposes an effective framework to compute the visibility guarding and star decomposition of 3D solid shapes. We propose a progressive integer linear programming algorithm to solve the guarding points that can visibility cover the entire shape; we also develop a constrained region growing scheme seeded on these guarding points to get the star decomposition. We demonstrate this guarding/decomposition framework can benefit graphics tasks such as shape interpolation and shape matching/retrieval.
Motion Deblurring from a Single Image using Circular Sensor Motion
Authors: Bando Yosuke , Chen Bing‐Yu , Nishita Tomoyuki 
Published: November 2011

AbstractImage blur caused by object motion attenuates high frequency content of images, making post‐capture deblurring an ill‐posed problem. The recoverable frequency band quickly becomes narrower for faster object motion as high frequencies are severely attenuated and virtually lost. This paper proposes to translate a camera sensor circularly about the optical axis during exposure, so that high frequencies can be preserved for a wide range of in‐plane linear object motion in any direction within some predetermined speed. That is, although no object may be photographed sharply at capture time, differently moving objects captured in a single image can be deconvolved with similar quality. In addition, circular sensor motion is shown to facilitate blur estimation thanks to distinct frequency zero patterns of the resulting motion blur point‐spread functions. An analysis of the frequency characteristics of circular sensor motion in relation to linear object motion is presented, along with deconvolution results for photographs captured with a prototype camera.
SSD: Smooth Signed Distance Surface Reconstruction
Authors: Calakli F. , Taubin G. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe introduce a new variational formulation for the problem of reconstructing a watertight surface defined by an implicit equation, from a finite set of oriented points; a problem which has attracted a lot of attention for more than two decades. As in the Poisson Surface Reconstruction approach, discretizations of the continuous formulation reduce to the solution of sparse linear systems of equations. But rather than forcing the implicit function to approximate the indicator function of the volume bounded by the implicit surface, in our formulation the implicit function is forced to be a smooth approximation of the signed distance function to the surface. Since an indicator function is discontinuous, its gradient does not exist exactly where it needs to be compared with the normal vector data. The smooth signed distance has approximate unit slope in the neighborhood of the data points. As a result, the normal vector data can be incorporated directly into the energy function without implicit function smoothing. In addition, rather than first extending the oriented points to a vector field within the bounding volume, and then approximating the vector field by a gradient field in the least squares sense, here the vector field is constrained to be the gradient of the implicit function, and a single variational problem is solved directly in one step. The formulation allows for a number of different efficient discretizations, reduces to a finite least squares problem for all linearly parameterized families of functions, and does not require boundary conditions. The resulting algorithms are significantly simpler and easier to implement, and produce results of quality comparable with state‐of‐the‐art algorithms. An efficient implementation based on a primal‐graph octree‐based hybrid finite element‐finite difference discretization, and the Dual Marching Cubes isosurface extraction algorithm, is shown to produce high quality crack‐free adaptive manifold polygon meshes.
Real Time Edit Propagation by Efficient Sampling
Authors: Bie Xiaohui , Huang Haoda , Wang Wencheng 
Published: November 2011

AbstractIt is popular to edit the appearance of images using strokes, owing to their ease of use and convenience of conveying the user's intention. However, propagating the user inputs to the rest of the images requires solving an enormous optimization problem, which is very time consuming, thus preventing its practical use. In this paper, a two‐step edit propagation scheme is proposed, first to solve edits on clusters of similar pixels and then to interpolate individual pixel edits from cluster edits. The key in our scheme is that we use efficient stroke sampling to compute the affinity between image pixels and strokes. Based on this, our clustering does not need to be stroke‐adaptive and thus the number of clusters is greatly reduced, resulting in a significant speedup. The proposed method has been tested on various images, and the results show that it is more than one order of magnitude faster than existing methods, while still achieving precise results compared with the ground truth. Moreover, its efficiency is not sensitive to the number of strokes, making it suitable for performing dense edits in practice.