bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breaking apart the typical mortality salience manipulation: Two questions, two outcomes
Authors: Burgin Chris J. , Sanders Matthew A. , vanDellen Michelle R. , Martin Leonard L. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe typical mortality salience manipulation asks participants to reflect on two questions, one about the emotions associated with the thought of death and the other about what happens after one dies. In five experiments, we separated these two questions and gave participants either one or a control question. In Experiment 1, participants' responses to the afterlife question were coded as being informed more by cultural knowledge and values compared with responses to the emotion question. Experiments 2 and 3 demonstrated that participants responding to the afterlife question showed greater stereotype usage compared with those responding to the emotion or a control question. In Experiment 4, results illustrate that the afterlife and emotion question differ on various coding dimensions related to self‐focus, emotion, and culturally related death words, but not death‐related words. In addition, participants who responded to the afterlife question demonstrated greater cultural worldview defense by setting a higher bail for an alleged prostitute compared with those who answered the emotion or a control question. In Experiment 5, participants responding to the emotion question demonstrated a greater preference for personally endorsed values compared with those who responded to the emotion or a control question. These results suggest that the two questions used in the common mortality salience manipulation produce different results when separated. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparative effects of the herbicides chlortoluron and mesotrione on freshwater microalgae
Authors: Valiente Moro Claire , Bricheux Genevieve , Portelli Christophe , Bohatier Jacques 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Extensive use of herbicides in agriculture is accompanied by the risk of environmental contamination of aquatic ecosystems. The present study shows the effects of the herbicides chlortoluron and mesotrione on three microalgae species: two chlorophyceae (Pediastrum tetras, Ankistrodesmus fusiformis) and one diatom (Amphora coffeaeformis). The authors calculated the IC50 for one chlorophyceae and the diatom. The order of toxicity (median inhibitory concentration [IC50]) for mesotrione was A. coffeaeformis (13.1 mg/L) &gt; A. fusiformis (56.1 mg/L) and A. fusiformis (0.05 mg/L) &gt; A. coffeaeformis (0.08 mg/L) for chlortoluron. The impact of herbicides applied at 0.2 mg/L was then examined in Erlenmeyer flasks by monitoring for growth, pigment content, and metabolic activity. Algal responses varied widely according to species and herbicide. For example, chlortoluron showed a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of A. coffeaeformis, whereas mesotrione induced an increase in cellular density in A. fusiformis. Other cellular parameters, such as pigment content in P. tetras, were stimulated by both herbicides. The results obtained confirmed that microalgae cultures are clearly affected by acute and chronic exposition to herbicides. Further monitoring should be carried out in the field to assess the impact of sublethal levels of toxicity and the growth-enhancing effects of mesotrione and chlortoluron on natural algae communities. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:778–786. © 2012 SETAC
Ameliorative effects of sodium chloride on acute copper toxicity among Cope's gray tree frog (Hyla chrysoscelis) and green frog (Rana clamitans) embryos
Authors: Brown Maria G. , Dobbs Emily K. , Snodgrass Joel W. , Ownby David R. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Urban stormwater runoff is composed of a mixture of components, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, metals, deicing agents, and many others. The fate of these chemicals is often in stormwater detention ponds that are used by amphibians for breeding. Among aquatic organisms, the toxic mechanism for many metals involves interference with active Na+ and Cl− uptake. Addition of cations has been shown to reduce the toxicity of metals among some aquatic organisms through competitive inhibition, but no studies have investigated the interaction between NaCl and Cu among amphibian embryos and larvae. To determine the degree to which NaCl may ameliorate the toxicity of Cu to amphibian embryos and larvae, the authors exposed Hyla chrysoscelis (Cope's gray treefrogs) and Rana (Lithobates) clamitans (green frogs) to seven levels of Cu and NaCl in fully factorial experiments. When exposure was in artificial hard water, Cu was highly toxic to both species (96-h median lethal concentration [LC50] of 44.7 µg/L and 162.6 µg/L for H. chrysoscelis and R. clamitans, respectively). However, approximately 500 mg/L of NaCl eliminated Cu toxicity over the range of Cu concentrations used in the experiments (maximum 150 µg Cu/L for H. chrysoscelis and 325 µg Cu/L for R. clamitans). The current results suggest that NaCl is likely responsible for the toxic effects of NaCl and metal mixtures that might be typical of runoff from road surfaces in northern latitudes. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:836–842. © 2012 SETAC
Effects of progesterone on reproduction and embryonic development in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas)
Authors: DeQuattro Zachary A. , Peissig Evan J. , Antkiewicz Dagmara S. , Lundgren Erica J. , Hedman Curtis J. , Hemming Jocelyn D.C. , Barry Terence P. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
High concentrations (375 ng/L) of the steroid hormone progesterone (P4) were measured in snowmelt runoff associated with large livestock-feeding operations in Wisconsin. To gain insight into the potential endocrine-disrupting effects of P4 in fish, experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of short-term exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of P4 on reproduction and embryonic development in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). For the reproduction assay, groups of reproductively mature fish were exposed for 21 d to nominal concentrations of 0, 10, 100, and 1,000 ng/L P4 in a flow-through system, and various key reproductive endpoints (e.g., egg number, fertilization success) were quantified throughout the exposure period. The embryonic development assay consisted of incubating fathead minnow eggs in static culture to quantify the effects of P4 on early development and hatching success. Progesterone caused dose-dependent decreases in fecundity and fertility and significantly reduced gonadosomatic index and vitellogenin gene expression in females. There were no effects of P4 on early embryonic development or hatching success. Progesterone may be a significant endocrine-disrupting chemical in fish. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:851–856. © 2012 SETAC
Bioaccumulation of waterborne Ni in Dreissena polymorpha: A stable isotope experiment to assess the effect of zinc, calcium, and dissolved organic matter
Authors: Bourgeault A. , Gourlay-Francé C. , Ayrault S. , Tusseau-Vuillemin M.-H. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
The effect of Ca, Zn, and dissolved natural organic matter (NOM) on waterborne Ni accumulation was investigated in a freshwater mussel. An enriched stable metal isotope tracer was required to measure the Ni uptake rate accurately. Zebra mussels were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of 62Ni (from 0.5 to 8 µg/L) for 48 h in media spiked with Ca, Zn, or dissolved NOM. The 62Ni uptake was inhibited by Ca (from 0.138 ± 0.021 to 0.061 ± 0.010 L/g/d for Ca concentrations ranging from 43 to 133 mg/L) and enhanced by Zn (from 0.051 ± 0.006 to 0.109 ± 0.007 L/g/d for Zn concentrations ranging from 6.6 to 38.3 µg/L). The mechanisms behind the synergistic effect of Zn remain unclear, yet it can be hypothesized that Ni uptake is facilitated by Zn-dependent transport sites. To formalize the effects of Ca and Zn, a model was proposed to express the Ni uptake rate as a function of the mussels' filtration rate and of Ca and Zn concentrations. The 62Ni uptake increased at low NOM concentrations and decreased at higher concentrations. This could be explained by the influence of NOM on both the speciation of Ni and the filtration activity of mussels. At high NOM concentrations, a modification of the membrane's permeability might also have favored Ni uptake, although this was not clearly established in this study. Therefore, the effect of water composition on Ni bioavailability to zebra mussels cannot be predicted by competition and complexation models alone, because it also influences the animal's physiology. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:819–827. © 2012 SETAC
Tissue distribution of perfluorinated compounds in farmed freshwater fish and human exposure by consumption
Authors: Shi Yali , Wang Jieming , Pan Yuanyuan , Cai Yaqi 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
In the present study, the levels of 14 perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) were analyzed in the blood, liver, muscle, brain, and eggs of popular farmed freshwater fish from Beijing. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was the predominant compound in all samples, with the highest concentration at 70.7 ng/g wet weight. The highest mean levels of PFOS in all tissues were observed in bighead (1.48–22.5 ng/g wet wt) and the lowest in tilapia (0.260–1.63 ng/g wet wt). In addition, perfluoroundecanoic acid was the second dominant PFC in blood, liver, muscle, and eggs, with the highest concentration at 19.2 ng/g wet weight. However, perfluorodecanoic acid levels (less than the limit of detection [LOD] to 0.963 ng/g wet wt) were similar to or slightly higher than perfluoroundecanoic acid levels (&lt;LOD to 0.918 ng/g wet wt) in the brain. Generally, the highest mean concentrations of PFOS and total PFCs were found in fish blood, followed by liver, brain, and muscle, further supporting the premise that PFOS can bind more easily to serum proteins than to fatty tissues. The egg to liver ratios as maternal transfer ratios were calculated for PFOS, ranging from 0.93 to 2.0. Furthermore, based on consumption information for fish in Beijing, the human dietary intake of PFCs through fish consumption were estimated at 0.24 ng/kg/d for PFOS and 0.44 ng/kg/d for total PFC. These results indicate a low health risk posed from PFCs to the residents of Beijing through the consumption of fish. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:717–723. © 2012 SETAC
Clinical manifestations of primary pulmonary extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue in Japanese population
Authors: Ogusa Eriko , Tomita Naoto , Ishii Yoshimi , Takasaki Hirotaka , Hattori Yukako , Matsumoto Chihiro , Ishigatsubo Yoshiaki 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWe retrospectively analysed 16 cases of newly diagnosed pulmonary mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma in the Japanese population. The disease was found on the basis of examination findings in 14 cases, and clinical manifestations in 2. According to the extensive staging procedure, four patients had concomitant gastric involvement. Primary treatment involved surgery alone in two patients; surgery followed by rituximab (R)‐containing chemotherapy in two; R‐containing chemotherapy alone in 11; and chemoradiotherapy without R in one. Over the median observation period of 28 months, disease progression was recorded in three patients, but all 16 patients were alive at the end of the observation period. One patient was treated with R alone and achieved partial remission; subsequent tentative surgery showed no evidence of residual lymphoma. It has been 72 months of progression‐free survival after the diagnosis. Primary pulmonary MALT lymphoma exhibited an indolent clinical course. R has potential as a therapeutic agent in patients with pulmonary MALT lymphoma. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Malignant melanoma, breast cancer and other cancers in patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Rugbjerg Kathrine , Friis Søren , Lassen Christina Funch , Ritz Beate , Olsen Jørgen H. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractPrevious studies report an atypical cancer pattern among patients with Parkinson's disease. Here, we evaluate the cancer pattern among people diagnosed with Parkinson's disease in an extension of our previous cohort study. For this Danish population‐based cohort study, we identified 20,000 people with Parkinson's disease diagnosed in 1977–2006, from the National Danish Hospital Register. Cohort members were followed up for cancer in the Danish Cancer Registry until December 31, 2008, and their incidence rates of cancer were compared to age‐, sex‐ and calendar period‐specific rates in the general population as standardized incidence rate ratios (SIRs). In subanalyses, we estimated the risk for cancer among patients with early onset Parkinson's disease and we also compared breast tumor characteristics among women with Parkinson's disease to that of a control group. The overall cancer risk in our cohort was decreased [SIR = 0.86; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.83–0.90], as were those for smoking‐related (SIR = 0.65; 95% CI = 0.60–0.70) and nonsmoking‐related cancers (SIR = 0.79; 95% CI = 0.71–0.86). The cohort had increased risks for malignant melanoma (SIR = 1.41; 95% CI = 1.09–1.80), nonmelanoma skin cancer (SIR = 1.29; 95% CI = 1.18–1.39) and female breast cancer (SIR = 1.17; 95% CI = 1.02–1.34). Among patients with early onset Parkinson's disease, the risk for cancer was comparable to that of the general population. Of breast tumor characteristics, only grade of malignancy differed between Parkinson's disease women and controls. This study confirms a lower cancer risk among people with Parkinson's disease. Increased risks for malignant melanoma, nonmelanoma skin cancer and breast cancer might be due to shared risk factors with Parkinson's disease.
Epigenetically mediated downregulation of the differentiation‐promoting chaperon protein CRABP2 in astrocytic gliomas
Authors: Campos Benito , Warta Rolf , Chaisaingmongkol Jittiporn , Geiselhart Lea , Popanda Odilia , Hartmann Christian , von Deimling Andreas , Unterberg Andreas , Plass Christoph , Schmezer Peter , Herold‐Mende Christel 
Published: January 2012

AbstractImpairment of endogenous differentiation pathways like retinoic acid (RA) signaling seems to be a central pathogenetic event in astrocytic gliomas. Among others, expression of the differentiation‐promoting RA chaperon protein cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2) is extenuated in high‐grade gliomas. Against this background, we aimed at identifying potential pathomechanisms underlying reduced CRABP2 expression in these tumors. Using MassARRAY methylation analysis, we detected extensive CpG methylation upstream of the CRABP2 gene locus in a study sample comprising 100 astrocytic gliomas of WHO Grade II to IV. Compared to nontumorous control samples, tumors revealed increased CpG methylation and methylation levels were inversely correlated to CRABP2 mRNA expression. Substantiating our in situ findings, CRABP2 mRNA levels increased in glioma cell lines after exposure to the demethylating agent 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine. Finally, a distinct CpG methylation signature distinguished between primary glioblastoma on the one hand and the group of astrocytoma WHO II–III and secondary glioblastoma on the other hand. Altogether, our observations suggest that epigenetic silencing of CRABP2 might contribute to an immature phenotype in glioma cells.
The RON‐receptor regulates pancreatic cancer cell migration through phosphorylation‐dependent breakdown of the hemidesmosome
Authors: Yu Peter T. , Babicky Michele , Jaquish Dawn , French Randy , Marayuma Karly , Mose Evangeline , Niessen Sherry , Hoover Heather , Shields David , Cheresh David , Cravatt Benjamin F. , Lowy Andrew M. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe recepteur d'origine nantais (RON) receptor tyrosine kinase is overexpressed and stimulates invasive growth in pancreatic cancer cells, yet the mechanisms that underlie RON‐mediated phenotypes remain poorly characterized. To better understand RON function in pancreatic cancer cells, we sought to identify novel RON interactants using multidimensional protein identification analysis. These studies revealed plectin, a large protein of the spectrin superfamily, to be a novel RON interactant. Plectin is a multifunctional protein that complexes with integrin‐β4 (ITGB4) to form hemidesmosomes, serves as a scaffolding platform crucial to the function of numerous protein signaling pathways and was recently described as an overexpressed protein in pancreatic cancer (Bausch D et al., Clin Cancer Res 2010; Kelly et al., PLoS Med 2008;5:e85). In this study, we demonstrate that on exposure to its ligand, macrophage‐stimulating protein, RON binds to plectin and ITGB4, which results in disruption of the plectin‐ITGB4 interaction and enhanced cell migration, a phenotype that can be recapitulated by small hairpin ribosomal nucleic acid (shRNA)‐mediated suppression of plectin expression. We demonstrate that disruption of plectin‐ITGB4 is dependent on RON and phosphoinositide‐3 (PI3) kinase, but not mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MEK), activity. Thus, in pancreatic cancer cells, plectin and ITGB4 form hemidesmosomes which serve to anchor cells to the extracellular matrix (ECM) and restrain migration. The current study defines a novel interaction between RON and plectin, provides new insight into RON‐mediated migration and further supports efforts to target RON kinase activity in pancreatic cancer.
Bioactive glass microspheres as reinforcement for improving the mechanical properties and biological performance of poly(ε‐caprolactone) polymer for bone tissue regeneration
Authors: Lei Bo , Shin Kwan‐Ha , Noh Da‐Young , Koh Young‐Hag , Choi Won‐Young , Kim Hyoun‐Ee 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis study examined the utility of sol–gel‐derived bioactive glass microspheres (BGMs) as a reinforcement to improve the mechanical properties and biological performance of poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) polymer. All of the PCL‐BGMs composites produced, with a variety of BGMs contents (10, 20, and 30 wt %), showed a uniform distribution of the BGMs in the PCL matrix, particularly owing to their spherical shape and small size. This led to a considerable increase in the elastic modulus from 93 ± 12 MPa to 635 ± 179 MPa with increasing BGMs content from 0 to 30 wt %. Furthermore, the addition of the BGMs to the PCL polymer significantly increased the hydrophilicity of the PCL‐BGMs composites, which led to a higher water absorption and degradation rate. The PCL‐BGMs composite with a BGMs content of 30 wt % showed vigorous growth of apatite crystals with a high aspect ratio on its surface after soaking in the simulated body fluid for 7 days, resulting in the creation of a porous carbonate hydroxyapatite layer. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.
Formulation and in vitro characterization of PEGylated chitosan and polyethylene imine polymers with thrombospondin‐I gene bearing pDNA
Authors: Mehmet Saka Ongun , Bozkir Asuman 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAn ideal gene carrier is required both in safety and efficiency for transfection. We examined the use of water soluble chitosan and polyethyleneimine as a carrier for anti‐angiogenic protein, TSP‐1 coded, in gene delivery. The aim of this study was to synthesize and characterize polyethylene glycol conjugated cationic polymers to increase anti‐angiogenic gene transfection and reduce possible cytotoxicity. Gel electrophoresis study showed strong DNA binding ability of modified cationic polymers. Also structural properties of pegylated polymers were confirmed by 1H‐NMR. We investigated in vitro properties of PEG conjugated and coated particles which were observed between 145 and 250 nm with the positive zeta potential value. In addition, the chitosan‐based DNA complexes did not induce remarkable cytotoxicity against MCF‐7 cells. Due to low cytotoxicity, we observed high transfection efficiency at chitosan‐based formulations compared with PEI ones. Although transfection studies carried on in vitro conditions, we measured slight increases at transfection with PEGylation. PEG‐conjugated chitosan formulations can be a promising candidate due to its efficiency in condensing and transfection of pDNA, its low cytotoxicty and comparatively high encapsulation degree. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.
Evaluation of the electron momentum density of crystalline systems from ab initio linear combination of atomic orbitals calculations
Authors: Erba Alessandro , Pisani Cesare 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAlternative techniques are presented for the evaluation of the electron momentum density (EMD) of crystalline systems from ab initio linear combination of atomic‐orbitals calculations performed in the frame of one‐electron self‐consistent‐field Hamiltonians. Their respective merits and drawbacks are analyzed with reference to two periodic systems with very different electronic features: the fully covalent crystalline silicon and the ionic lithium fluoride. Beyond one‐electron Hamiltonians, a post‐Hartree–Fock correction to the EMD of crystalline materials is also illustrated in the case of lithium fluoride. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MoleculaRnetworks: An integrated graph theoretic and data mining tool to explore solvent organization in molecular simulation
Authors: Mooney Barbara Logan , Corrales L.René , Clark Aurora E. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis work discusses scripts for processing molecular simulations data written using the software package R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. These scripts, named moleculaRnetworks, are intended for the geometric and solvent network analysis of aqueous solutes and can be extended to other H‐bonded solvents. New algorithms, several of which are based on graph theory, that interrogate the solvent environment about a solute are presented and described. This includes a novel method for identifying the geometric shape adopted by the solvent in the immediate vicinity of the solute and an exploratory approach for describing H‐bonding, both based on the PageRank algorithm of Google search fame. The moleculaRnetworks codes include a preprocessor, which distills simulation trajectories into physicochemical data arrays, and an interactive analysis script that enables statistical, trend, and correlation analysis, and other data mining. The goal of these scripts is to increase access to the wealth of structural and dynamical information that can be obtained from molecular simulations. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
thermocalc — A poor man's approach to computational thermochemistry
Authors: Hellweg Arnim , Diedenhofen Michael , Huniar Uwe 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWe present thermocalc, a Perl module to perform the automated calculation of atomization energies and heats of formation for lists of molecules. The methods used are based on density functional theory and second‐order perturbation theory to ensure that data sets of medium sized to large molecules can be run at reasonable throughput rates. The quantum chemical calculations are performed using the program package TURBOMOLE in a three‐step protocol. In a first step, a pre‐optimization of the structure and a zero‐point energy calculation are performed. As second step, a geometry optimization is being carried out, and the last step is a single point energy calculation. The level of theory used in the different steps can be modified by the user to allow for customized protocols. The performance of example protocols is investigated on different test sets of molecules. In the course of this work, a simple, but efficient one‐parameter correction term based on the shared electron numbers has been developed, which reduces the error of calculated heats of formation significantly. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.