bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activity of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Zhao Chen , Kim Suhn Hee , Lee Sung Won , Jeon Ju‐Hong , Kang Kyung Ku , Choi Sung Beom , Park Jong Kwan 
Published: November 2010

Study Type – Therapy (RCT)Level of Evidence 1b What’s known on the subject? and What does the study add? Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE 5Is) improve erectile function and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), however the exact effects on prostate tissue and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear.PDE 5Is enhanced the production of cyclic nucleotides in the plasma and prostate, and the distribution of PDE 5Is in the prostate was higher than in the plasma.OBJECTIVE• To evaluate the impact and distribution of a single phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5 I) dose (udenafil or tadalafil) in prostate tissue and plasma in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).PATIENTS AND METHODS• Thirty BPH patients complaining of erectile dysfunction along with moderate‐to‐severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) were enrolled in the present study.• The patients were randomly divided into the three groups: group 1, TURP without PDE5 Is; group 2, 200 mg of udenafil given 1 h before TURP; and group 3, 20 mg of tadalafil given 1 h before TURP.• We evaluated the concentrations of PDE5‐I, cAMP and cGMP in prostate tissues and plasma, and calculated the prostate tissue‐to‐plasma (T/P) ratio.RESULTS• The concentration of udenafil in prostate tissue and plasma was 2028.6 ± 360.8 ng/g and 463.7 ± 39.1 ng/mL, respectively, and the resulting T/P ratio was 4.4. The tadalafil concentration in prostate tissue and plasma was 385.7 ± 83.8 ng/g and 305.8 ± 41.1 ng/mL, respectively, and the T/P ratio was 1.3.• Udenafil and tadalafil significantly increased the cAMP and cGMP levels in plasma and prostate tissues.CONCLUSIONS• Udenafil and tadalafil significantly increased cAMP and cGMP levels and were more highly distributed in the prostate than plasma. The T/P ratio of udenafil was higher than tadalafil.• These findings may help in the assessment of the feasibility of using PDE5 Is to concurrently treat both LUTS and erectile dysfunction.
Inflammation, Immunity, and Vaccines for Helicobacter
Authors: Aebischer Toni , Meyer Thomas F. , Andersen Leif P. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Helicobacter pylori represents the major etiologic agent of gastritis, gastric, and duodenal ulcer disease and can cause gastric cancer and mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue B‐cell lymphoma. It is clear that the consequences of infection reflect diverse outcomes of the interaction of bacteria and host immune system. The hope is that by deciphering the deterministic rules – if any – of this interplay, we will eventually be able to predict, treat, and ultimately prevent disease. Over the past year, research on the immunology of this infection started to probe the role of small noncoding RNAs, a novel class of immune response regulators. Furthermore, we learned new details on how infection is detected by innate pattern recognition receptors. Induction of effective cell‐mediated immunity will be key for the development of a vaccine, and new work published analyzed the relevance and contribution of CD4 T helper cell subsets to the immune reaction. Th17 cells, which are also induced during natural infection, were shown to be particularly important for vaccination. Cost‐efficiency of vaccination was re‐assessed and confirmed. Thus, induction and shaping of the effector roles of such protective Th populations will be a target of the newly described vaccine antigens, formulations, and modes of application that we also review here.
Genetic and Epigenetic Alteration in Gastric Carcinogenesis
Authors: Resende Carlos , Ristimäki Ari , Machado José C. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In addition to environmental factors, genetic factors also play an important role in GC etiology, as demonstrated by the fact that only a small proportion of individuals exposed to the known environmental risk factors develop GC. Molecular studies have provided evidence that GC arises not only from the combined effects of environmental factors and susceptible genetic variants but also from the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations that play crucial roles in the process of cellular immortalization and tumorigenesis. This review is intended to focus on the recently described basic aspects that play key roles in the process of gastric carcinogenesis. Genetic variation in the genes DNMT3A, PSCA, VEGF, and XRCC1 has been reported to modify the risk of developing gastric carcinoma. Several genes have been newly associated with gastric carcinogenesis, both through oncogenic activation (MYC, SEMA5A, BCL2L12, RBP2 and BUBR1) and tumor suppressor gene inactivation mechanisms (KLF6, RELN, PTCH1A, CLDN11, and SFRP5). At the level of gastric carcinoma treatment, the HER‐2 tyrosine kinase receptor has been demonstrated to be a molecular target of therapy.
Bond Strength of Soft Liners to Fiber‐Reinforced Denture‐Base Resin
Authors: Lassila Lippo V.J. , Mutluay M. Murat , Tezvergil‐Mutluay Arzu , Vallittu Pekka K. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose: This study evaluated bond strengths of four soft liners to fiber‐reinforced (FR) and unreinforced poly methyl(methacrylate) (PMMA) denture‐base resin. Materials and Methods: The autopolymerized denture‐base resin Palapress Vario (Heraus Kulzer GmbH, Hanau, Germany) was used as the substrate (15 × 15 × 5 mm3). The test group consisted of substrates reinforced with porous PMMA preimpregnated unidirectional glass fibers (Stick [StickTech, Turku, Finland]) (PMMA + FR group), and the control group was unreinforced acrylic resin (PMMA group) (n = 80 per group). One of four soft liners (Ufi Gel SC [Voco, Cuxhaven, Germany], Sofreliner Tough [Tokuyama Dental Corporation, Tokyo, Japan], Vertex SoftSil 25 [Vertex‐Dental B.V., Zeist, The Netherlands], and Eversoft [Dentsply Austenal, York, PA]) was placed and cured between two substrates using a polyethylene ring (10 mm inner radius, 3 mm height). Tensile bond strength tests (crosshead speed = 10 mm/min) were performed, and the results were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by Tukey's test (p= 0.05). Fracture surfaces were categorized as adhesive or cohesive‐mixed modes, and failure types were statistically analyzed using chi‐square test. Results: FR did not affect the bond strength results significantly (p > 0.05) except for Ufi Gel SC. Significant differences in bond strength were found among the reline materials (p < 0.001). FR specimens showed a significantly higher number of cohesive‐mixed fractures compared to unreinforced specimens (p < 0.05), except for plasticized acrylic‐based reline material (Eversoft [Dentsply Austenal]), which showed fewer cohesive‐mixed failures with FR. Conclusions: The choice of appropriate reline material system with FR acrylic resin is important for the soft liner/denture‐base polymer bond. Glass FR did not have a decreasing effect on the bond strength, except for Ufi Gel SC.
The Use of a Dental Surgical Microscope to Aid Retrieval of a Fractured Implant Abutment Screw: A Clinical Report
Authors: Patel Rishi D. , Kan Joseph Y.K. , Jonsson Lars B. , Rungcharassaeng Kitichai 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis clinical report outlines a method to retrieve a fractured implant abutment screw through the use of high‐power magnification and ultrasonic instrumentation. Furthermore, the use of manufacturer's specific components is highlighted to minimize occurrences of such clinical complications from arising.
Histamine effect on melanocyte proliferation and vitiliginous keratinocyte survival
Authors: Kim Nan‐Hyung , Lee Ai‐Young 
Published: November 2010

Please cite this paper as: Histamine effect on melanocyte proliferation and vitiliginous keratinocyte survival. Experimental Dermatology 2010; 19: 1073–1079.Abstract:  Repigmention of vitiligo requires melanocyte proliferation and migration. Keratinocytes have been shown to play a role in this process. Data from this laboratory showed that bee venom (BV) stimulated melanocyte proliferation and migration as well as melanogenesis. As histamine release is associated with BV, its effect on melanocyte proliferation and migration was examined. Cultured normal human melanocytes treated with histamine were studied with and without receptor‐specific antagonists or agonists. The effect of histamine on vitiliginous keratinocytes, in cultured cells treated with a PI3K inhibitor in the presence of TNF‐α, was also examined. Histamine exerted a more significant effect on melanocyte proliferation than on melanogenesis. This occurred through the H2 receptor with complex signalling to ERK, CREB, and Akt activation, which stimulated melanocyte migration. Histamine and the H2 receptor agonist also increased survival of vitiliginous, but not normal, keratinocytes, with NF‐κB activation. Because expression levels of the H2 receptor was significantly decreased in depigmented compared to normally pigmented epidermis, in patients with vitiligo, histamine may increase the survival of vitiliginous keratinocytes. Overall, histamine stimulated the proliferation and migration of melanocytes and the vitiliginous keratinocyte survival, providing the basis for novel therapeutic approaches to vitiligo repigmentation.
Academic performance of adolescents with ADHD and other behavioural and learning problems —a population‐based longitudinal study
Authors: Ek U , Westerlund J , Holmberg K , Fernell E 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAim:  To study academic performance (final grades at the age of 16 years) in individuals with i) attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and ii) other learning and/or behavioural problems.Methods:  Of a total population of 591 children, originally assessed at the age of 10–11 years, it was possible to obtain final grades for 536 16‐year‐olds (in grade 9). Those fulfilling the criteria for ADHD/sub‐threshold ADHD (n = 39) and those with ‘Behaviour and Learning Problems’ (BLP group), (n = 80) and a comparison group (n = 417) were contrasted.Results:  The ADHD and BLP groups had a significantly lower total mean grade at the age of 16 years than the comparison group. In addition, the ADHD and BLP groups also qualified for further studies in the upper secondary school to a significantly lesser extent than the controls (72%, 68% and 92%, respectively). All IQ measures (at the age of 10–11 years) were positively correlated with the overall grade after grade 9, with especially strong correlations for verbal capacity.Conclusion:  ADHD and similar problems entail a risk of underachievement at school. The results indicate that pupils with ADHD underachieve in the school situation in relation to their optimal cognitive capacity. The contextual situation and the particular requirements should be considered in order for adequate educational measures to be undertaken.
Association between number of teeth, edentulism and use of dentures with percentage body fat in south Brazilian community‐dwelling older people
Authors: De Marchi Renato José , Hugo Fernando Neves , Hilgert Juliana Balbinot , Padilha Dalva Maria Pereira 
Published: November 2010

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2010.00411.xAssociation between number of teeth, edentulism and use of dentures with percentage body fat in south Brazilian community‐dwelling older peopleObjective:  To evaluate if poor oral status was associated with percentage body fat in a representative sample of south Brazilian community‐dwelling elderly.Background:  Evidence suggests that elders with extensive tooth loss and edentulism present with compromised chewing function, which results in dietary changes. However, few studies have assessed whether poor oral status is associated with percentage body fat in community‐dwelling elderly.Materials and methods:  A random sample of 471 south Brazilians =>60 years of age was evaluated. Measurements included a questionnaire to assess socio‐demographic, behavioural, general, and oral health data. Percentage body fat was measured with a Tanita TBF 612 digital scale, which measures foot‐to‐foot bioelectrical impedance; and oral status assessment, by means of oral examinations assessing the number of teeth and use of dental prostheses. Correlates of risk of inadequate percentage body fat were assessed by means of multinomial logistic regression.Results:  Edentulous participants were more likely to be underfat [OR: 3.11 (1.27–7.61)] or overfat/obese [OR: 1.82 (1.05–3.16)].Conclusion:  The present study shows that edentulous older people had higher odds for inadequate percentage body fat. The maintenance of teeth had a crucial role in increasing the chance of having an adequate body fat percentage in the study population.
From Print versus Manuscript to Sociable Authorship and Mixed Media: A Review of Trends in the Scholarship of Early Modern Publication
Authors: Tenger Zeynep , Trolander Paul 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis review essay outlines current scholarship in literary sociability and social authorship, tracing the development of these trends from earlier scholarly treatments of print culture and manuscript culture during the early modern period. To contextualize this development, it surveys recent scholarship in manuscript studies and the history of the book that takes up the hypothesis that early modern print culture displaced the medieval oral and manuscript culture that preceded it. This hypothesis has been both explored and challenged by such scholars as Elizabeth Eisenstein, Peter Beal, D. F. McKenzie, Arthur Marotti, Harold Love, Margaret Ezell, and David McKitterick. Newer scholarship on early modern sociability by such historians as Peter Clarke, Anna Bryson, and Susan Whyman has been instrumental in shifting literary historical discussion away from the print versus manuscript culture hypothesis to one where print and manuscript represent only two of several media choices available to early modern authors. Following this shift from a focus on media to social conditions of authorship and reading, recent scholarship has explored the role culture plays in shaping media and genre choice in the early modern period.
Sentimentalism and 1790s Radical Novels
Authors: O’Brien Eliza 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe number of studies in sentiment and sensibility in the eighteenth century has increased dramatically in recent years. This expansion in studies tracking the development of sentiment relates to commerce, empire, rhetoric, physiology, ethics, slavery, philosophy and gender, amongst other subjects. It is important that the influence and significance of eighteenth‐century sentiment, for so long viewed solely as a literary device and associated primarily with fiction and poetry, is fully explored and that scholars look beyond the literary to see the social and political effects of the original theories of moral sentiment and physiological sensibility. This article suggests that it is also necessary to reconsider sentimentalism in 1790s radical literature in the light of recent cultural studies, which can be used to illuminate the extent of the relation between sentiment and 1790s radical novels and their manipulation of the rhetoric and politics of sensibility to achieve their aims.
Effects of a problem‐solving counseling program to facilitate intensified walking on Koreans with type 2 diabetes
Authors: LEE Haejung , KIM Myoung‐Soo , PARK Kyung‐Yeon , PARK Hyoung‐Sook , KIM In‐Joo 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAim:  This study aimed to evaluate the immediate and long‐term effects of a 12 week problem‐solving (PS) counseling program to facilitate intensified walking with machinery monitoring on persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Korea.Methods:  The study used a quasi‐experimental design. The participants were 57 patients with diabetes from three endocrinology or internal medicine clinics in an urban city of South Korea. Moderate‐intensity walking and PS counseling were recommended to both groups. The difference between the two groups was whether the intensity of the exercise was monitored by an ambulatory heart rate monitor (experimental group) or was self‐regulated (comparison group). Those programs were evaluated in relation to BMI, glycemic control (blood glucose level, glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c]), a vascular complication index (total cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, tissue plasminogen activator [t‐PA], plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 [PAI‐1], Parma Cardiovascular Risk Index), and coping strategies at 3 and 6 months.Results:  The experimental group members showed dramatic decreases in their glucose and HbA1c levels at 3 months. The values of t‐PA decreased significantly at baseline, compared to at 3 months. The levels of PAI‐1 continuously declined and the Parma Cardiovascular Risk Index score did not change significantly from baseline to at 3 months, but showed significant effects at 6 months.Conclusion:  A combined program of intensified walking, using a heart rate monitor, with PS counseling is more helpful to prevent complications than self‐regulated exercise for persons with type 2 diabetes in Korea.
Breast cancer screening in women: An integrative literature review
Authors: Ravert Patricia K. , Huffaker Crystal 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose: To (a) conduct a thorough search of the literature for breast cancer screening studies utilizing mammography, ultrasound, or breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and (b) critically appraise these studies to aid the nurse practitioner in choosing the most appropriate screening tool for their individual patients. Data sources: Articles were identified from the following databases: CINAHL, Medline, PubMed, EBSCO, ISI, and Cochrane Library. Reference lists from all articles were reviewed and an authority in breast cancer screening was contacted regarding the reference list. Conclusions: Breast MRI had a higher sensitivity than mammography and ultrasound in all studies comparing breast MRI. The specificity was lower for breast MRI than for mammography in five out of six studies. The ultrasound had a higher sensitivity than mammography in all five studies examining women with dense breast tissue. Implications for practice: Women who fall into high‐risk categories should be screened yearly with breast MRI and mammography. Women with dense breast tissue according to a standardized density score should be screened yearly with ultrasound and mammography. Women in the general population should be screened yearly with mammography.
Bovine pulp tissue dissolution ability of HealOzone®, Aquatine Alpha Electrolyte® and sodium hypochlorite
Authors: Rossi‐Fedele Giampiero , Steier Liviu , Dogramaci Esma Jane , Canullo Luigi , Steier Gabriela , de Figueiredo Jose Antonio Poli 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the bovine pulp tissue dissolution ability of HealOzone, Aquatine Alpha Electrolyte® and 0.5% sodium hypochlorite, used alone or in combination. Thirty bovine pulp fragments were weighed, divided into six groups and placed individually in Eppendorf tubes containing the tested solution until total dissolution occurred. The groups were: G1: saline (negative control), G2: Aquatine Alpha Electrolyte®, G3: 0.5% NaOCl (positive control), G4: Saline + HealOzone, G5: 0.5% NaOCl + HealOzone, G6: Aquatine Alpha Electrolyte® + HealOzone. HealOzone was activated for 2 min with a #6 cup covering the test tube opening on a fixed platform. Two blinded observers using 2× loupes magnification assessed the samples continuously for the first 2 h, and then every hour for the next 8 h. Dissolution speed was calculated by dividing pulp weight by dissolution time (mg min−1). G3 (NaOCl) and G5 (NaOCl + HealOzone) dissolved the pulp tissue completely. The mean dissolution speed for G3 was 0.396 mg min−1 (SD 0.032) and for G5 was 0.775 mg min−1 (SD 0.2). Student's t‐test showed that G5 dissolved bovine pulp tissue faster than G3 (P = 0.01). Only groups containing sodium hypochlorite dissolved pulp tissue, whilst HealOzone enhanced speed of dissolution.
Let’s Audit Bohemia: A Review of Richard Florida’s ‘Creative Class’ Thesis and Its Impact on Urban Policy
Authors: O’Callaghan Cian 
Published: November 2010

AbstractRichard Florida contends that the key determinant of the economic growth of cities is the presence of concentrations of what he terms the ‘creative class’–‘[those] who use creativity as a key factor in … [their] work …’– and that places should aim to attract these workers by endowing themselves with the 3Ts of technology, talent and tolerance. Despite courting serious criticisms from both the Left and Right, Florida’s arguments continue to resonate with civic leaders and a popular audience. Building on work that questions the theoretical robustness of the concept, this review focuses on the construction of identity and ontology in Florida’s work. Tracing the genealogy of the ‘creativity’ debates, the article seeks to explore the implications of this work on ideas about cities and urban policy. I argue that the creative class thesis successfully streamlined a number of disparate and emergent discourses (on the knowledge economy, cultural and creative industries, industrial clustering, flexible labour, etc.) into a platform upon which such processes could be seen as constitutive, and therefore provide a rhetorical ‘solution’ to a complex set of problems. The concept also works in terms of a personal buy‐in, in that people are willing to subscribe to this world view and place themselves within this schema. Florida’s texts are sophisticated polemic mobilisations of identity, which package and market a particular view of the individual and society. Ultimately, however, the concept accounts for human creativity and the dynamics of place in shallow ways that ignore geographical context, reinforce and almost glorify the growing inequalities between rich poor, and ultimately co‐opt creativity into the status quo of neoliberal capitalism.
Environmental/Green Cultural Shifts: Dynamics of Social Change
Authors: Woehrle Lynne M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe greening of society is a strong cultural wave as we enter the second decade of the century. This article considers what it means to be ‘green’, core issues that the environmental sustainability wave brings to society and the role of sociology its evolution in public culture. A key argument offered is that sociologists’ historic commitment to critical analysis and to social justice could be important in determining whether the green wave is simply a cultural trend or if it will expand to become a cultural shift. The contributions of environmental sociology, ecofeminism, deep ecology, and green economics are considered significant influences on the relationship between environmentalism and social analysis. Whether scholars and activists can link key concepts such as sustainable development, ecological sensitivity, human dignity, and social justice may prove critical for achieving the goal of societal transformation toward a greener culture.