bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temperature rise and pressure dynamics in the early stages of Hartmann–Sprenger tube operation
Authors: Kudo Y. , Sawada S. , Itouyama N. , Matsuoka K. , Kasahara J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this study, we focus on the early stages of the Hartmann–Sprenger tube operation in the jet regurgitant mode to investigate three key relationships: (1) between the nozzle dynamic pressure and the start time of temperature rise at the resonance tube end, (2) between the nozzle dynamic pressure and the resonance tube end pressure, and (3) between the distance l from the resonance tube end to the contact surface and the rise in the end gas temperature of the resonance tube. The results showed that the condition for the rise in the resonance tube end gas temperature after the gas jet from the nozzle reached sonic flow was the stabilization of the average fluctuation pressure value at the resonance tube end in conjunction with the nozzle dynamic pressure. At the time of operation stabilization of the Hartmann–Sprenger tube, the average fluctuation pressure at the resonance tube end converged to a constant value almost equal to the nozzle dynamic pressure. This result means that the nozzle dynamic pressure is almost equivalent to the fluctuation pressure at the resonance tube end. Moreover, the distance l did not significantly increase with the resonance tube length L and remained nearly constant. The gas temperature at the resonance tube end obtained from the experimental results generally agreed with the temperature calculated from compression through an adiabatic and isentropic process from L to l.
Calvarial melorheostosis: an extremely rare case and diagnostic challenge
Authors: Wenokor Gregory , Suster David , de Leon Ada Baisre , Liu James K. , Wenokor Cornelia , Nimchinsky Esther A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Melorheostosis is a rare bone disease that presents as sclerotic lesions growing on existing bone surfaces. This disease is of unknown etiology and affects both genders equally. The disease is unique in appearance, described in the literature as having a radiologic appearance of flowing candle wax, and usually occurs in the appendicular skeleton. We present an extremely rare case of melorheostosis of the calvarium in a 55-year-old male patient, initially thought to represent a large osteoma, and discuss the CT and MRI features, pathology, and surgical management. Recently, new insights have been gained by molecular biologic studies into the potential pathogenesis of this disease indicating genetic mutations, which will be discussed. This case report will help radiologists arriving at the correct diagnosis for an unusual manifestation of a rare disease.
Exposure to clinical stressors during NICU admission in preterm infants
Authors: Meesters Naomi J. , van den Bosch Gerbrich E. , Tataranno Maria Luisa , van den Akker Chris H. P. , van Ganzewinkel Christ-jan , Barge Judith A. ten , Schuerman Frank A. B. A. , van Zanten Henriette , de Boode Willem P. , Raets Marlou M. A. , Dijk Peter H. , van Rosmalen Joost , Vermeulen Marijn J. , Onland Wes , Haverman Lotte , Reiss Irwin K. M. , van Kaam Anton H. , Benders Manon , van Dijk Monique , Simons Sinno H. P. ,   the HIPPO study group
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study aims to quantify stress exposure related to clinical stressors in preterm infants during NICU admission and identify risk factors for high stress exposure. In this national cohort study, preterm infants (gestational age < 29 weeks) were prospectively followed during the first 28 days of their admission to one of the 10 NICUs in the Netherlands. The NeO-stress score, consisting of 38 clinical stressors graded with a severity index, was applied to describe stress exposure. We assessed the impact of infant characteristics at birth and postnatal age on NeO-stress scores using linear mixed modelling. In total, 446 infants were included with a median gestational age of 27+2 weeks (IQR 26+2–28+2). The median NeO-stress score per day was 61 (IQR 39–87) and highest (74, IQR 52–101) on the day of admission. Nasal/oral (37%) and endotracheal (14%) suctioning were key contributors to the cumulative NeO-stress scores. Linear mixed modelling showed that lower gestational age (B = -0.69, 95% CI − 0.94–0.44, p < 0.001), no antenatal administration of corticosteroids (B = 13.2, 95% CI 3.2–23.1, p = 0.010) and lower 5-min Apgar score (B = − 1.6, 95% CI − 3.0–0.25, p = 0.02) were significantly related with higher daily NeO-stress scores. Our model predicts that the NeO-stress score increases over time for the youngest infants.

Conclusion: Stress exposure in preterm infants during NICU admission varies over time with infants with the lowest gestational age at risk for experiencing the highest levels of stress throughout NICU admission. This highlights the importance stress reduction and provides opportunities for future interventions aimed at reducing stress exposure.

What is Known:
• Preterm birth and admission to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit is very stressful.
• High stress exposure in neonatal life is associated with adverse long term outcome.

What is New:
•
Stress exposure is highest in infants with the youngest gestational ages where it remains high or even increases
during the first month of life
.
•
Lower gestational age, no antenatal administration of corticosteroids and lower 5-min Apgar score were
significantly related with higher daily NeO-stress scores
.
Bosentan as adjunctive therapy in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia-associated pulmonary hypertension: a case series
Authors: De Vadder Aster , Lemloh Lotte , Bo Bartolomeo , Hale Lennart , Patel Neil , Mueller Andreas , Kipfmueller Florian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH)-associated pulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Pulmonary vasodilative management is challenging and some patients with CDH are unresponsive to inhaled nitric oxide or sildenafil. Bosentan, an enterally-administered endothelin-1 receptor antagonist, reducing pulmonary vascular resistance may play a role in the treatment of CDH-PH. The aim is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bosentan as an adjunctive therapy for CDH-PH. We report a case series of all CDH neonates who received oral bosentan as an adjunctive therapy for treatment of PH between 2013 and 2021 at our institution. Bosentan was administered at a median enteral dose of 2 mg/kg/day. Main outcomes were improved PH severity on echocardiography, oxygenation, and respiratory support after starting bosentan. Patients were compared according to improvement in PH after 1 week of treatment (responder vs. non-responder). Fifty CDH neonates received oral adjunctive bosentan therapy. Survival to discharge was 58%. Improved PH was observed in 54 and 72% of patients after 1 and 2 weeks respectively (p < 0.001). Respiratory status ameliorated significantly after 2 weeks compared to baseline, with a reduction of ECMO treatment from 30 to 0% and an increase in patients receiving non-invasive or no respiratory support from 18 to 40%. Oxygenation did not improve over 2 weeks, possibly biased by the changes in the respiratory status and other contributing factors to the pathophysiology of CDH.

Conclusion: Bosentan is effective in the treatment of neonates with CDH-PH and was associated with improved PH severity and respiratory status. Adverse effects were minimal and consistent with previous studies.

What Is Known:
• CDH neonates frequently suffer from pulmonary hypertension with inconclusive evidence regarding the benefit of pulmonary vasodilator treatment.
• Increased endothelin-1 plasma levels have been associated with poor outcome in CDH neonates, however, there is minimal data on the use of endothelin receptor blockers, such as bosnetan, in this population.
What Is New:
• This case series of 50 CDH neonates receiving bosentan demonstrates an improvement in PH severity based on echocardiographic assessment in 54% within one week of treatment.
• Respiratory support modus (i.e. ECMO, mechanical ventilation, CPAP) improved significantly within two weeks of bosentan treatment in responders and non-responders.
Der DMKG-Kopfschmerzfragebogen
Authors: Ruscheweyh Ruth , Gaul Charly , Dresler Thomas , Patrick Jürgens Tim , Lewis David , Kraya Torsten , Neeb Lars , Ruschil Victoria , Goßrau Gudrun 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Für die Diagnosestellung, Therapie und Verlaufsbeurteilung von Kopfschmerzerkrankungen müssen in der Anamnese zahlreiche Informationen erfragt werden. Dies wird wesentlich erleichtert, wenn die Patient:innen diese Informationen bereits vorab anhand eines Fragebogens zusammenstellen. Expert:innen der Deutschen Migräne- und Kopfschmerzgesellschaft (DMKG) haben dafür den DMKG-Kopfschmerzfragebogen entwickelt, der sowohl kopfschmerzspezifische Informationen (Häufigkeit, Charakteristika, Begleitsymptome, Medikation) als auch Begleiterkrankungen erfasst und darüber hinaus validierte Skalen zu psychischen Begleitfaktoren, Beeinträchtigung und Lebensqualität enthält. Es gibt separate Versionen für Erst- und Wiedervorstellung sowie ein Clusterkopfschmerzmodul. Der DMKG-Kopfschmerzfragebogen ist für Fachkreise nach Registrierung online frei erhältlich (https://www.dmkg.de/dmkg-kopfschmerzfragebogen) und steht zum Ausdrucken oder als ausfüllbares PDF zur Verfügung. Er kann mit dem enthaltenen PDF-Kopfschmerzkalender oder mit der DMKG-App als elektronischer Kopfschmerzkalender kombiniert werden. Eine digitale Version ist geplant. Der DMKG-Kopfschmerzfragebogen ist ein wichtiger Baustein zur Qualitätssicherung der Kopfschmerzversorgung in Deutschland.
Power-law distributions in an online video-sharing system and its long-term dynamics
Authors: Ito Kiminori , Shimada Takashi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We study the data of Japanese video-sharing platform, Niconico, which contains 21 million videos. From our analysis, the rank size distribution of video views is found to exhibit a crossover from a power law with an exponent around

$$-0.5$$

-
0.5

for the top

$$\approx 10^5$$

≈

10
5

movies to another power low with exponent around

$$-1$$

-
1

for the movies in the following ranks. The probability density function of video views for the bottom

$$90\%$$

90
%

movies is well fitted by log-normal distribution. This implies that, while videos in the top rank regime follow a different dynamics which yields the power law, videos in the middle and low rank regime seem to be evolving according to a random multiplicative process. Furthermore, we observe temporal relaxation process of video views for 3 years. Temporal relaxation process of video views is grouped by the size of the number of video views, and averaged within each size group. Interestingly, the daily video views universally show power-law relaxation in all view size, from the top total view group (

$$10^6-10^7$$

10
6

-

10
7

) to the bottom group (

$$\approx 10^2$$

≈

10
2

). This indicates the existence of memory processes longer than the exponential function, which are universally independent of video size.
Projective representations of real semisimple Lie groups and the gradient map
Authors: Biliotti Leonardo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Let G be a real noncompact semisimple connected Lie group and let

$$\rho : G \longrightarrow \text {SL}(V)$$

ρ
:
G
⟶
SL
(
V
)

be a faithful irreducible representation on a finite-dimensional vector space V over

$$\mathbb {R}$$

R

. We suppose that there exists a scalar product

$$\texttt {g}$$

g

on V such that

$$\rho (G)=K\exp ({\mathfrak {p}})$$

ρ
(
G
)
=
K
exp
(
p
)

, where

$$K=\text {SO}(V,\texttt {g})\cap \rho (G)$$

K
=
SO
(
V
,
g
)
∩
ρ
(
G
)

and

$${\mathfrak {p}}=\text {Sym}_o (V,\texttt {g})\cap (\text {d} \rho )_e ({\mathfrak {g}})$$

p
=

Sym
o

(
V
,
g
)

∩

(
d
ρ
)

e

(
g
)

. Here,

$${\mathfrak {g}}$$

g

denotes the Lie algebra of G,

$$\text {SO}(V,\texttt {g})$$

SO
(
V
,
g
)

denotes the connected component of the orthogonal group containing the identity element and

$$\text {Sym}_o (V,\texttt {g})$$

Sym
o

(
V
,
g
)

denotes the set of symmetric endomorphisms of V with trace zero. In this paper, we study the projective representation of G on

$${\mathbb {P}}(V)$$

P
(
V
)

arising from

$$\rho $$

ρ

. There is a corresponding G-gradient map

$$\mu _{\mathfrak {p}}:{\mathbb {P}}(V) \longrightarrow {\mathfrak {p}}$$

μ
p

:
P

(
V
)

⟶
p

. Using G-gradient map techniques, we prove that the unique compact G orbit

$${\mathcal {O}}$$

O

inside the unique compact

$$U^\mathbb {C}$$

U
C

orbit

$${\mathcal {O}}'$$

O

′

in

$${\mathbb {P}} (V^\mathbb {C})$$

P
(

V
C

)

, where U is the semisimple connected compact Lie group with Lie algebra

$${\mathfrak {k}} \oplus {\textbf {i}} {\mathfrak {p}}\subseteq \mathfrak {sl}(V^\mathbb {C})$$

k
⊕
i
p
⊆
sl
(

V
C

)

, is the set of fixed points of an anti-holomorphic involutive isometry of

$${\mathcal {O}}'$$

O

′

and so a totally geodesic Lagrangian submanifold of

$${\mathcal {O}}'$$

O

′

. Moreover,

$${\mathcal {O}}$$

O

is contained in

$${\mathbb {P}}(V)$$

P
(
V
)

. The restriction of the function

$$\mu _{\mathfrak {p}}^\beta (x):=\langle \mu _{\mathfrak {p}}(x),\beta \rangle $$

μ

p

β

(
x
)

:
=

⟨

μ
p

(
x
)

,
β
⟩

, where

$$\langle \cdot , \cdot \rangle $$

⟨
·
,
·
⟩

is an

$$\text {Ad}(K)$$

Ad
(
K
)

-invariant scalar product on

$${\mathfrak {p}}$$

p

, to

$${\mathcal {O}}$$

O

achieves the maximum on the unique compact orbit of a suitable parabolic subgroup and this orbit is connected. We also describe the irreducible representations of parabolic subgroups of G in terms of the facial structure of the convex body given by the convex envelope of the image

$$\mu _{\mathfrak {p}}({\mathbb {P}}(V))$$

μ
p

(
P

(
V
)

)

.
A novel approach to metabolic profiling in case models of MECP2-related disorders
Authors: Cooley Coleman Jessica A. , Moffitt Bridgette A. , Bridges William C. , Jones Kelly , May Melanie , Skinner Cindy , Friez Michael J. , Skinner Steven A. , Schwartz Charles E. , Boccuto Luigi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Genetic abnormalities of the MECP2 gene cause several conditions grouped under the umbrella term of MECP2-related disorders and characterized by a variety of phenotypes. We applied a functional approach to identify metabolic profiles in two patients with Rett syndrome (RTT) and one patient with MECP2 duplication syndrome (MRXSL). Such an approach is based on the Phenotype Mammalian Microarray (PM-M) technology, which is designed to assess the cellular production of energy in the presence of different compounds generating distinct metabolic environments. The findings in the three case models were compared versus 50 controls. Although the small number of samples prevented most results from reaching significant p-values when adjusted with the Benjamini-Hochberg correction, some interesting trends emerged. Some compounds indicated metabolic trends shared by the two conditions, like increased energy production in the presence of energy sources such as pectin, adenosine, and pyruvic acid, or decreased metabolic response to certain hormones. Other compounds showed opposite trends for the two disorders, like interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), which caused decreased energy production in the RTT group but increased energy production in the patient with MRXSL. The response to IL-1 beta also offers valuable insights into the pathogenic mechanism and potential therapeutic approaches. The metabolic profiling of MECP2-related disorders bears a remarkable translational potential since it may be helpful to investigate the molecular abnormalities underlying the phenotypical variety in this spectrum of conditions, develop biomarkers for the identification of ideal candidates for treatments like the recently approved trofenatide, and identify potential targets for the development of novel therapeutic approaches.
CRISPR/Cas-Based Nanobiosensor Using Plasmonic Nanomaterials to Detect Disease Biomarkers
Authors: Choi Jin-Ha , Yoon Jinho , Chen Meizi , Shin Minkyu , Goldston Li Ling , Lee Ki-Bum , Choi Jeong-Woo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The development of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) technology (CRISPR/Cas) as a gene-editing tool has the potential to revolutionize nucleic acid analysis. Recently, CRISPR/Cas systems have demonstrated considerable promise in the development of biosensors for the detection of essential disease biomarkers because they exhibit nonspecific collateral cleavage properties upon target sequence recognition. However, the CRISPR/Cas-based biosensors developed thus far have limitations, such as complicated steps, low sensitivity, low selectivity, and low signal-to-noise ratios. These limitations can be overcome by incorporating the unique characteristics of plasmonic nanomaterials into CRISPR/Cas systems to enhance the signal and improve the sensitivity of these biosensors. From this perspective, current interdisciplinary studies on CRISPR/Cas-based nanobiosensors comprising plasmonic nanomaterials can contribute to the development of highly sensitive CRISPR/Cas-based nanobiosensors. These nanobiosensors can detect attractive disease biomarkers, such as viral nucleic acids, small molecules, and proteins. This review article provides a thorough overview of nanobiosensors that incorporate CRISPR/Cas systems combined with plasmonic nanomaterials to enhance biosensing performance. We believe this review will inspire novel approaches and further innovation in the fields of molecular diagnostics and biomedicine aimed at using CRISPR/Cas systems and plasmonic nanomaterials for more personalized and effective medical treatments.
Implementing with intention: advantages, challenges, and tactics to optimally utilize the AXR metric
Authors: Castillo Alyssa Y. , Frost Holly M. , Poole Nicole M. , Jenkins Timothy C. , Seibert Allan M. , Stenehjem Edward 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Antibiotic utilization for respiratory conditions (AXR) is a new Healthcare Effectiveness Data & Information Set ® (HEDIS®) measure designed to complement disease-specific metrics to improve outpatient antibiotic prescribing. Unique challenges include ensuring clinicians understand the metric and establishing appropriate goals within different health systems and service lines. Successful implementation requires awareness of the metric’s limitations and may be enhanced by co-reporting with condition-specific antibiotic use metrics to prioritize local interventions.
The Quantitative Kurosh Problem
Authors: Greenfeld Be’eri 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe prove a strong quantitative version of the Kurosh Problem, which has been conjectured by Zelmanov, up to a mild polynomial error factor, thereby extending all previously known growth rates of algebraic algebras. Consequently, we provide the first counterexamples to the Kurosh Problem over any field with known subexponential growth, and the first examples of finitely generated, infinite-dimensional, nil Lie algebras with known subexponential growth over fields of characteristic zero.We also widen the known spectrum of the Gel’fand–Kirillov dimensions of algebraic algebras, improving the answer of Alahmadi–Alsulami–Jain–Zelmanov to a question of Bell, Smoktunowicz, Small and Young. Finally, we prove improved analogous results for graded-nil algebras.
Legal cynicism, intrusive policing, and the dynamics of police legitimacy: evidence from Brazil’s largest city
Authors: Oliveira Thiago R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Public experiences with the law in some neighborhoods are marked by an overwhelming police presence alongside deep-seated beliefs that legal agents are disinterested in ensuring public safety. This mutual experience of intrusive policing and legal cynicism has important implications for people’s recognition of the legitimacy of legal authority. In the context of a global city in the Global South, this study provides a quantitative assessment of the dynamics of perceived police intrusion and cynicism about police protection and the implications of those experiences for beliefs about the legitimacy of legal institutions. Drawing on a three-wave longitudinal survey representative of adult residents of eight neighborhoods in São Paulo, Brazil (N = 1,200), I demonstrate that perceived police intrusion and cynicism about police protection (a) are two sides of the same coin, being produced by similar social forces and dynamically reproducing each other and (b) operate to undermine police legitimacy. Integrating the legal cynicism and procedural justice theoretical frameworks, this study shows that intrusive as well as unheeding and neglectful policing practices can contribute to delegitimizing legal authority. I conclude with a discussion about the distribution of repression and protection and highlight the urgency of exploring public–authority relations in the Global South.
‘Lots of red, but also lots of tricolour’: the liberation of Milan and the Liberal Party in the Minoletti–Quarello papers (April 1945)
Authors: Pace Rossella 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article uses the hitherto partially unpublished diary of Virginia Minoletti Quarello and her husband Bruno Minoletti to shed a light on the Resistance and on the transformation of Italian politics after the war from an original angle. Virgina and Bruno, members of the Italian Liberal Party, played a central role in the Resistance and in consolidating the network of the Liberal partisans led by Edgardo Sogno, first in Genova, where their house hosted the local National Liberation Committee, and then in Milan. Their diary offers new perspectives on events and processes that preceded and followed 25 April 1945: from the arrival of the Allies in Milan to the killing of Mussolini and the display of his body in Piazza Loreto; from the struggle and division within the antifascist front to the marginalisation of the Liberals; from internal conflicts in the Liberal Party on the institutional question to the value of the Resistance.
The Dark Double: Russian Orthodoxy in Andrei Zviagintsev's Leviathan
Authors: Griffin Sean 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis essay suggests that there are three crucial contexts that have been overlooked in the scholarship on Andrei Zviagintsev's film, Leviathan. First, there is the ecclesiastical history of the Russian Orthodox Church in the years following the election of Kirill (Gundiaev) as Patriarch of Moscow in 2009. The article demonstrates that Zviagintsev was keenly aware of Kirill's growing partnership with the Putin regime and that he was especially dismayed by the patriarch's response to the Bolotnaia protests and Pussy Riot affair. The second context is more theological and considerably lesser known. It concerns the notion of the church's “dark double”, a concept developed in the mid-twentieth century by an obscure Gulag survivor and lay theologian named Sergei Fudel΄. My main contention in the essay is that Fudel΄'s conception of the “dark double” is the foundational theological idea in Leviathan—the idea that structures and underpins all of the film's religious scenes. Finally, the third context recovered is the religious thinking of Andrei Zviagintsev himself. For it turns out that the celebrated auteur director is comfortable discussing not only scriptwriting or cinematography. He also has much to say, both onscreen and off, about the clerics and faithful of the contemporary Russian Orthodox Church.