bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A trust relationship network-based consensus model in large-scale TODIM group decision-making
Authors: Chu Junfeng , Shu Pan , Liu Yicong , Wang Yanyan , Wang Yingming 
Published: May 2024

PurposeIn large-scale group decision-making (LSGDM) situations, existing TODIM group decision-making methods often fail to account for the influence of social network relationships and the bounded rationality of decision-makers (DMs). To address this issue, a new TODIM-based group decision-making method is proposed that considers the current trust relationships among DMs in a large-scale trust relationship network.Design/methodology/approachThis method consists of two main stages. In the first stage, the large-scale group is partitioned into several sub-clusters based on trust relationships among DMs. The dominance degree matrix of each sub-cluster is then aggregated into the large-scale group dominance degree. In the second stage, after aggregating the large-scale group dominance degree, the consensus index is calculated to identify any inconsistent sub-clusters. Feedback adjustments are made based on trust relationships until a consensus is reached. The TODIM method is then applied to calculate the corresponding ranking results. Finally, an illustrative example is applied to show the feasibility of the proposed model.FindingsThe proposed method is practical and effective which is verified by the real case study. By taking into account the trust relationships among DMs in the core process of LSGDM, it indeed has an impact on the decision outcomes. We also specifically address this issue in Chapter Five. The proposed method fully incorporates the bounded rationality of DMs, namely their tendency to accept the opinions of trusted experts, which aligns more with their psychology. The two-stage consensus model proposed in this paper effectively addresses the limitations of traditional assessment-based methods.Originality/valueThis study establishes a two-stage consensus model based on trust relationships among DMs, which can assist DMs in better understanding trust issues in complex decision-making, enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of decisions, and providing more scientific decision support for organizations such as businesses and governments.
Expected direct costs of an oil spill in a UNESCO World Heritage area in New Zealand
Authors: Egan Alexandra L. , Chilvers B. Louise , Cassells Sue 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFiordland National Park is a UNESCO site located in the remote, southwest of New Zealand's South Island, which attracts hundreds of thousands of visitors every year. One of its leading attractions is Milford Sound. An oil spill in this area could not only impact the industries that operate in Milford Sound but also impact all of the park. To improve the knowledge base about this area in regard to oil spills and policies regarding ship visitation, this study aimed to estimate the costs of clean‐up, impacts to fisheries, tourism, recreation and the wildlife/environment under three oil spill scenarios in Milford Sound. Minimum costs are estimated at NZD 140–154 million. These results demonstrate the need for proper planning and response measures, and appropriate domestic and international policies to help minimise the potential damages that may occur in the event of an oil spill in a remote and pristine area of New Zealand.
Effect of rice bran fermented with Ligilactobacillus equi on in vitro fermentation profile and microbial population
Authors: Manlapig Jamal James D. , Kondo Makoto , Ban‐Tokuda Tomomi , Matsui Hiroki 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study was conducted to assess the effects of fermented rice bran (FRB) with Ligilactobacillus equi on ruminal fermentation using an in vitro system. Oat hay, corn starch, and wheat bran were used as substrate for control. Ten percent of wheat bran was replaced with rice bran (RB), rice bran fermented with distilled water, and rice bran fermented with L. equi for T1, T2, and T3, respectively. The experimental diets were mixed with buffered rumen fluid from wethers under nitrogen gas and incubated for 24 h at 39°C. The fermentation profile and microbial population were analyzed after the incubations. The results revealed that the RB and FRB (with or without L. equi) significantly reduced the gas, methane (CH4), and CH4 per dry matter digested (p < 0.001). Total short‐chain fatty acid was also reduced in T1 and T2 in comparison with the control (p < 0.001). Propionate proportion was increased while butyrate proportion was reduced in response to treatment addition in cultures (p < 0.001). Anaerobic fungi and Fibrobacter succinogenes abundance were decreased in treatments (p < 0.001). Overall, CH4 production in vitro can be reduced by RB and FRB supplementation as a result of the reduction of fiber‐degrading microorganisms and a decrease in gas production.
Four shades of paternalism in doctor–patient communication and their ethical implications
Authors: Fleisje Anniken 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe present study aims to explore the forms paternalistic communication can take in doctor–patient interactions and how they should be considered from a normative perspective. In contemporary philosophical debate, the problem with paternalism is often perceived as either undermining autonomy (the autonomy problem) or the paternalist viewing their judgment as superior (the superiority problem). In either case, paternalism is problematized mainly in a general, theoretical sense. In contrast, this paper investigates specific doctor–patient encounters, revealing distinct types of paternalistic communication. For this study, I reviewed videorecorded encounters from a Norwegian hospital to detect paternalism—specifically, doctors overriding patients' expressed preferences, presumably to benefit or protect the patients. I identified variations in paternalistic communication styles—termed paternalist modes—which I categorized into four types: the fighter, the advocate, the sympathizer, and the fisher. Drawing on these findings, I aim to nuance the debate on paternalism. Specifically, I argue that each paternalist mode carries its own normative implications and that the autonomy and the superiority problems manifest differently across the modes. Furthermore, by illustrating paternalism in communication through real‐life cases, I aim to reach a more comprehensive understanding of what we mean by paternalistic doctors.
Retention time of different ophthalmic viscosurgical devices during phacoemulsification in rabbit ocular model: A comparative analysis
Authors: Shalev Daf , Kleinmann Guy 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo compare retention times of various ophthalmic viscosurgical devices (OVDs) and soft‐shell combinations.MethodsExperimental study. Eighteen rabbit eyes were divided into six groups of three eyes, based on OVDs tested. A: Endocoat, B: HealonPro, C: Viscoat, D: Provisc, E: Endocoat and HealonPro and F: Viscoat and Provisc. OVDs were stained with 10% fluorescein dye before being injected into the anterior chamber. Phacoemulsification, using fixed parameters, was performed. If OVD persisted after 60 s, a standardised irrigation and aspiration technique replaced phacoemulsification. The time until central and complete clearance of the OVD were video‐recorded and measured.ResultsMean central retention times (CRT) were found to be: HealonPro—5.33 ± 2.56 s, Provisc—3.33 ± 1.11 s, Endocoat—75.0 ± 3.26 s, Viscoat—62.33 ± 5.19 s, combining HealonPro with Endocoat—22.67 ± 4.75 s and Provisc with Viscoat—11.0 ± 0.82 s. The mean total retention time (TRT) was: Endocoat—80.0 ± 8.17 s, Viscoat—81.67 ± 2.09 s, HealonPro with Endocoat—81.33 ± 3.35 s, and Provisc with Viscoat—71.0 ± 2.94 s. For HealonPro and Provisc, CRT and TRT remained identical across all trials.ConclusionsRetention times varied, with cohesive OVDs exhibiting shorter durations than dispersive OVDs. Among dispersive OVDs, TRTs were comparable; however, Endocoat displayed an extended CRT. In soft shell trials, the combination of HealonPro and Endocoat exhibited prolonged CRT and TRT, suggesting enhanced corneal protection.
Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of single‐ and multiple‐ascending doses of olamkicept: Results from randomized, placebo‐controlled, first‐in‐human phase I trials
Authors: Wagner Frank‐Dietrich , Schreiber Stefan , Bagger Yu , Bruzelius Katharina , Falahati Ali , Sternebring Ola , Ravi Arjun , Pinton Philippe 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOlamkicept selectively inhibits the cytokine interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) trans‐signaling pathway without blocking the classic pathway and is a promising immunoregulatory therapy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). These first‐in‐human, randomized, placebo‐controlled, single‐ (SAD) and multiple‐ascending dose (MAD) trials evaluated olamkicept safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic characteristics. Doses tested in the SAD trial included seven single intravenous doses (0.75, 7.5, 75, 150, 300, 600, and 750 mg) and one subcutaneous (SC) dose (60 mg) given to healthy subjects (N = 64), and three intravenous doses (75 mg, 300 mg, and 750 mg) given to patients with Crohn's disease (CD; N = 24). Doses tested in the MAD trial included multiple intravenous doses (75, 300, and 600 mg once weekly for 4 weeks) given to healthy subjects (N = 24). No severe or serious treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were recorded. The most common TEAEs were headache, nasopharyngitis, and myalgia in the SAD trial, and diarrhea, headache, and cough in the MAD trial. Infusion‐related reactions occurred in one and two subjects in the SAD and MAD trial, respectively, leading to treatment discontinuation in the MAD trial. Olamkicept showed dose‐independent pharmacokinetics after single and multiple administrations, and there was no major difference in systemic exposure between healthy subjects and patients with CD. Complete target engagement (inhibition of phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription‐3) was achieved in blood around or above olamkicept serum concentrations of 1–5 μg/mL. Overall, these results suggest that olamkicept is safe and well‐tolerated in healthy subjects and patients with CD after single intravenous/SC and multiple intravenous administrations.
Treatment of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis – A systematic review
Authors: Fischer Theresa , Fischer Marcellus , Schliemann Sibylle , Elsner Peter 
Published: May 2024

SummaryMucocutaneous leishmaniasis is a severe infectious disease, predominantly endemic in Central and South America and is characterized by granulomatous, destructive mucosal lesions in the oral, nasal, and pharyngeal cavities. It is caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania spp. transmitted to humans by sandflies. Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis occurs after untreated or inadequately treated cutaneous leishmaniasis and is more common in immunocompromised patients. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize all reported treatment options for mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. This review is based on all English, German, French, Spanish and Portuguese articles published in the databases “PubMed” and “Lilacs” from 1995 to 2020. Most of the medical literature is limited to case reports, small case series, retrospective studies, and a few randomized controlled trials. Various treatment options include pentavalent antimonates such as meglumine antimonate or sodium stibogluconate, amphotericin B (liposomal, deoxycholate, lipid complex, colloidal dispersion), miltefosine, and pentamidine. Other therapeutic options include itraconazole, fluconazole, ketoconazole, aminosidine sulfate, and azithromycin. The choice of drug depends primarily on its availability in the endemic area and the patient's comorbidities.
Comparison of speech and music input in North American infants’ home environment over the first 2 years of life
Authors: Hippe Lindsay , Hennessy Victoria , Ramirez Naja Ferjan , Zhao T. Christina 
Published: May 2024

AbstractInfants are immersed in a world of sounds from the moment their auditory system becomes functional, and experience with the auditory world shapes how their brain processes sounds in their environment. Across cultures, speech and music are two dominant auditory signals in infants’ daily lives. Decades of research have repeatedly shown that both quantity and quality of speech input play critical roles in infant language development. Less is known about the music input infants receive in their environment. This study is the first to compare music input to speech input across infancy by analyzing a longitudinal dataset of daylong audio recordings collected in English‐learning infants’ home environments, at 6, 10, 14, 18, and 24 months of age. Using a crowdsourcing approach, 643 naïve listeners annotated 12,000 short snippets (10 s) randomly sampled from the recordings using Zooniverse, an online citizen‐science platform. Results show that infants overall receive significantly more speech input than music input and the gap widens as the infants get older. At every age point, infants were exposed to more music from an electronic device than an in‐person source; this pattern was reversed for speech. The percentage of input intended for infants remained the same over time for music while that percentage significantly increased for speech. We propose possible explanations for the limited music input compared to speech input observed in the present (North American) dataset and discuss future directions. We also discuss the opportunities and caveats in using a crowdsourcing approach to analyze large audio datasets. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at https://youtu.be/lFj_sEaBMN4Research Highlights
This study is the first to compare music input to speech input in infants’ natural home environment across infancy.
We utilized a crowdsourcing approach to annotate a longitudinal dataset of daylong audio recordings collected in North American home environments.
Our main results show that infants overall receive significantly more speech input than music input. This gap widens as the infants get older.
Our results also showed that the music input was largely from electronic devices and not intended for the infants, a pattern opposite to speech input.
Seasonal trophic niche width and overlap of mottled sculpin and brown trout in a regulated high‐elevation river
Authors: Platis Nitsa M. , Kanno Yoichiro , Johnson Brett M. , Rose Brien P. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn temperate ecosystems, resource availability fluctuates seasonally due to changes in environmental conditions and productivity. Intra‐ and inter‐specific trophic niche overlap under resource limitation is a measure of competitive interactions and influences species coexistence and community dynamics, but patterns of this overlap are influenced by anthropogenic activities. To investigate seasonal trophic niche dynamics of coexisting fish species in a flow‐altered river, we analysed prey resources, stomach content samples and stable isotope signatures of mottled sculpin Cottus bairdii and juvenile brown trout Salmo trutta in the Blue River, Colorado, USA, a high‐elevation oligotrophic river. Prey biomass (i.e. benthic macroinvertebrates) peaked in spring and declined through summer and autumn. Stomach content and stable isotope analysis results showed that diet composition of mottled sculpin and brown trout varied seasonally in response to changes in prey availability. Stomach content analysis results revealed that in autumn, both species exhibited the highest frequency of empty stomachs and expanded population trophic niches due to increased inter‐individual diet variation despite decreased individual trophic niche breadth. Inter‐specific trophic niche overlap was relatively high across all seasons, but the lowest degree of overlap occurred in autumn of both years when prey availability was lowest. Isotopic analysis revealed similar trends to stomach content analysis, of wider isotopic niches and reduced overlap in autumn compared to spring. Our data indicated that seasonal variation affected individual‐ and population‐level trophic niche dynamics and inter‐specific niche overlap between mottled sculpin and brown trout. This trophic segregation under resource limitation may serve as a mechanism that facilitates species coexistence in a flow‐regulated, oligotrophic river.
The relationship between perceived family support and subclinical positive symptoms of psychosis among Black college students
Authors: Zollicoffer Ashley , Strauss Gregory , Luther Lauren , Schiffman Jason , Sims Brian , Kambui Hasseim , Li Huijun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimBlack individuals in the Unites States endure compounded and unique experiences of discrimination and structural racism that may not be as overtly evident in other countries. These distinctive forms of discrimination and racism can impact the mental health of Black individuals in the Unites States, in this case, their risk for psychosis. Adolescence and early adulthood are vulnerable periods in life where mental illness typically begins to manifest. Understanding the factors contributing to an increased likelihood of specific mental illnesses, such as psychosis, among youth in these vulnerable periods can inform intervention development. This is particularly important for those from minoritized backgrounds Unites States; this group is especially important to study given that Black American youth tend to experience higher psychosis rates and different symptom presentations than non‐Black groups.MethodsThis study examined the associations between perceived family support, a critical environmental factor known to be associated with full‐psychosis, and attenuated positive symptoms and distress levels in a sample of 155 Black students from a Historically Black College and University (HBCU). Participants completed the Prodromal Questionnaire‐Brief that assessed psychosis risk and the Family Environment Scale that assessed three dimensions of family support (family cohesion, expressiveness, and conflict).Results and ConclusionPositive symptom intensity (r = .30, p < .001) and distress (r = .34, p < .001) were significantly associated with higher family conflict for Black individuals in the Unites States. The findings inform novel intervention targets for psychoeducation and family therapy that have potential to reduce psychosis risk.
Barriers and facilitators in the implementation of youth and young adult models of mental health care
Authors: Reed Joanna , Hunn Lucy , Smith Tiffany , Bosworth Robyn , Gee Brioney , Berry Clio , Clarke Timothy 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimIt is increasingly recognised that traditional models of mental health (MH) care, with a service transition at age 18 years, may not reflect best practice. The literature supports a move towards youth and young adult focused models of MH care, for young people up to the age of 25, which specifically cater to the unique psychosocial and developmental needs of this population. This service evaluation aimed to explore the facilitators and barriers to the implementation of youth models of MH care across England (UK).MethodsSix services participated in separate focus groups pertaining to their experience of implementing youth models of MH care. The interview guide for the focus groups was informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and explored barriers and facilitators to implementation and sustainment. The focus groups were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically.ResultsSeven key themes relevant to the implementation of youth models of MH care were identified: a clear rationale for doing things differently, for young people by young people, “building those relationships is key”, service identity development, resource and infrastructure, leadership at multiple levels, and valuing and developing staff.ConclusionsThe findings suggest effective communication and leadership, co‐production and cross system collaboration contribute to successful implementation of youth models of MH care. The findings will be of interest to those involved in informing and supporting successful implementation and delivery of youth models of mental health care at local and national levels.
A person‐centered analysis of Hong Kong kindergarten teachers' emotion regulation: Profiles, characteristics and relations
Authors: Yin Hongbiao , Guo Yangyang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWith a sample of 470 kindergarten teachers in Hong Kong, this study first examined these teachers' emotion regulation strategies assessed by a newly adapted scale, the Kindergarten Teacher Emotion Regulation Scale. Then, the study adopted a person‐centred approach and conducted the latent profile analysis, identifying different profiles of teachers' use of the emotion regulation strategies. It also examined the relationships between these profiles and teachers' self‐efficacy and two contextual antecedents, instructional leadership and trust in colleagues in kindergartens. The study validated a three‐dimensional measurement of kindergarten teachers' emotion regulation in Hong Kong, namely cognition‐focused regulation, (negative) emotion‐focused regulation, and behaviour‐focused regulation. Moreover, it identified four profiles of kindergarten teachers' emotion regulation strategy use with distinctive characteristics, and revealed some significant relationships between teachers' emotion regulation and self‐efficacy as well as school contexts. The findings highlight the role of beneficial school climate in eliciting teachers' effective emotion regulation and thereby enhancing their self‐efficacy.
Fast freezing inhibits melanin synthesis of melanocytes by modulating the Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway
Authors: Wu Siyun , Yuan Xinyue , Tang Zexin , Zang Kai , Wang Caibing , Li Zhiyi , Li Huangde , Ye Xiyun , Dang Yongyan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSkin hyperpigmentation is mainly caused by excessive synthesis of melanin; however, there is still no safe and effective therapy for its removal. Here, we found that the dermal freezer was able to improve UVB‐induced hyperpigmentation of guinea pigs without causing obvious epidermal damage. We also mimic freezing stimulation at the cellular level by rapid freezing and observed that freezing treatments <2.5 min could not decrease cell viability or induce cell apoptosis in B16F10 and Melan‐A cells. Critically, melanin content and tyrosinase activity in two cells were greatly reduced after freezing treatments. The dramatic decrease in tyrosinase activity was associated with the downregulation of MITF, TYR, TRP‐1 and TRP‐2 protein expression in response to freezing treatments for two cells. Furthermore, our results first demonstrated that freezing treatments significantly reduced the levels of p‐GSK3β and β‐catenin and the nuclear accumulation of β‐catenin in B16F10 and Melan‐A cells. Together, these data suggest that fast freezing treatments can inhibit melanogenesis‐related gene expression in melanocytes by regulating the Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway. The inhibition of melanin production eventually contributed to the improvement in skin hyperpigmentation induced by UVB. Therefore, fast freezing treatments may be a new alternative of skin whitening in the clinic in the future.