bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RDAP2: Session by session
Authors: Hourclé Joseph A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractEditor's SummaryBuilding a community of those interested in data management was a key focus of ASIS&T's March 2011 Research Data Access and Preservation (RDAP) Summit, starting with the kickoff session by Gary Marchionini. The keynote address emphasized the role of institutional repositories and digital library services in handling research data, offering data management considerations used by the National Science Foundation including the data's value, storage, lifecycle, sharing and reuse. Through several case studies, speakers explored challenges for data publication repositories and federal agencies; described advantages of cross‐discipline advisory groups; addressed the need for data replication and security; and promoted metadata use, monitoring of data reuse and strong policy and governance. Open discussion revealed management to be the most challenging issue on a personal level while infrastructure was viewed as the major concern for the field. Among the conclusions of a closing panel on the future of digital libraries was recognition of digital libraries' key role in data management and archiving and the need for training for specialists in data management.
Embracing lossy: Sacrificing metadata to gain agility
Authors: Powell James , McMahon Tamara M. , Collins Linn 
Published: June 2011

AbstractEditor's SummaryBorrowed from data encoding and compression, the concept of lossiness captures our ability to extract meaning despite a reduced set of data. Metadata are lossy representations of complete data and may be the solution to information overload, enabling agile response to urgent information needs. But library professionals and data curators, eager to preserve original data, tend to favor their own customized descriptions of content and may be reluctant to compromise by using the minimalist Dublin Core metadata vocabulary. By favoring unique descriptions and resisting adoption of common bibliographic metadata, they lose access to valuable open access data sources. A better approach is to enable access through shared metadata, embracing lossy and making vast stores of rich information resources available. InfoSynth, a prototype system, helps small digital libraries adapt their custom metadata, represent metadata including Dublin Core elements as RDF/XML triples and return trimmed down and normalized metadata‐based descriptions in triple format. The use of a standard format facilitates sharing with other sources for enhanced information access.
2010, Year of cataloging research in review
Authors: Lundgren Jimmie 
Published: June 2011

AbstractEditor's SummaryRecognizing the need for serious research on bibliographic control, the American Library Association and the Association for Library Collections and Technical Services declared 2010 as the Year of Cataloging Research. These and other library organizations, spurred on by forward thinking individuals, promoted the current and critical importance of cataloging research through conference presentations, panels and round table discussions throughout the year. The year 2010 also saw a proposal for an agenda for cataloging research, including conducting catalog user surveys, examining the effects of outsourcing and analyzing information retrieval with online catalogs. Catalogers were encouraged to recognize the value of what they learn through internal projects, to publish and share discoveries with others and to get actively involved with library decision making at their institutions. Cataloging research should be geared toward understanding the perspectives of the information producer and consumer, thereby enhancing the application of library cataloging skills to serve information access.
Information overload, reloaded
Authors: Davis Nathaniel 
Published: June 2011

AbstractEditor's SummaryA costly drain on productivity, information overload can stem from not only vast amounts of information but also a failure to filter information as presented. Information architects (IAs) are in a position to address the challenge, starting by distinguishing between macro information overload and micro information overload. At the macro level, physical storage limits and processing capacities present an obstacle to information access. Information overload at the micro level is a failure to filter information, interfering with a user's cognitive processing by presenting too many images, concepts, messages and other elements to sort through. If systems architects are skilled at recognizing signs of macro information overload, IAs should be able to identify signals of overload at the micro level, drawing on user experience design methods, and should develop ways to spot when information presented on a web page threatens to exceed a typical user's threshold for effective cognitive intake. The solution presents fertile ground for research and potential time and cost savings.
Pyrogallol[4]arenes Show Highly Variable Amphiphilic Behavior at the Air–Water Interface Dependent Upon Side Chain Length and Branching
Authors: Daschbach Megan M. , Kulikov Oleg V. , Long Elizabeth F. , Gokel George W. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe behavior of pyrogallol[4]arenes (Pgs) substituted with normal and branched alkyl side chains at the air–water interface was examined on a Langmuir trough. The amphiphilic systems studied form stable monolayers when the straight chains are as short as n‐propyl. Remarkably, n‐propylpyrogallol[4]arene shows a behavior at the air–water interface that is indistinguishable from that of pyrogallolarenes bearing n‐hexyl, n‐nonyl, and n‐dodecyl side chains. There is no report of amphiphilic side‐chain‐length dependence or Langmuir trough behavior for families of branched alkyl chain calixarenes or resorcinarenes. In the Pg family reported here, Pgs with straight chains (except for methyl and ethyl) behave very similarly to each other and very differently from symmetrical branched chain analogues having the same total number of carbon atoms. For example, the shortest possible branched side chain of a Pg, isopropyl‐Pg, forms stable monolayers by a unique molecular subduction mechanism. Isopropyl‐Pg (dimethylmethyl side chain, iPrPg) and 3‐pentyl‐Pg (diethylmethyl side chain, 3‐pentylPg) both show high levels of organization, albeit by quite different mechanisms, at the air–water interface. Both iPrPg and 3‐pentylPg differ in behavior from 4‐heptylPg. Brewster angle microscopy revealed differences in organization of the Pgs that supports the mechanistic suggestions offered herein.
Hope Among Franchise Leaders: Why Hope has Practical Relevance to Franchising – An Exploratory Study
Authors: Welsh Dianne H.B. , Raven Peter V. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractUsing a sample of members of the International Franchising Association, we examined the relationship of future hope to a variety of variables of interest in the franchising context. Though future hope was not significantly related to entrepreneurial leadership, it was positively related to affective organizational commitment. Franchisees and franchisors did not differ in future hope, though the latter group scored higher on entrepreneurial leadership. The position held in the firm was positively associated with having a controlling interest. Contrary to expectations, neither executive level membership nor having a controlling interest was positively related to entrepreneurial leadership or to organizational commitment. Copyright © 2011 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Entrepreneurial Orientation, Human Resources Information Management, and Firm Performance in SMEs
Authors: Rodrigues Ricardo Gouveia , Raposo Mário 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThere is abundant literature demonstrating that entrepreneurial orientation has an impact on performance indicators including economic results and relative market share. Moreover, entrepreneurial orientation interacts with market orientation to improve performance. Human resources information management (HRIM) is a critical component of market orientation. We tested a structural model of relationships among entrepreneurial orientation (EO), HRIM, and firm performance using a sample of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) from the manufacturing sector of Portugal. EO had a positive direct effect on both performance (β = .313) and HRIM (β = .291). HRIM also had a positive effect on firm performance (β = .236), and EO indirectly impacted firm performance (.069) through HRIM. Copyright © 2011 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Deliberative Democracy and Advocacy: Lessons from a Comparative Perspective
Authors: de Brelàz Gabriela , Aquino Alves Mário 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis study focuses on the meanings of advocacy and lobby as well as how these activities are performed in Brazil and the United States. By considering different contexts and historical developments, we analyze the activities of three civil society organizations to understand how they operate as legitimate groups whose advocacy activities expand the concept of democratic representation. The study concludes that advocacy fosters a deliberative type of democracy, which presumes that citizens have the right to participate in public discussion and deliberation. The study indicates that different stages of advocacy and lobbying processes, the influence of regulatory framework, the difficulties to act in coalition due to ideological differences, and members' private interests shape the main characteristics of civil society organizations' (CSOs) advocacy policies. Copyright © 2011 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cleaning up the City: A Study on the Removal of Street Vendors from Downtown Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Authors: de Pádua Carrieri Alexandre , Murta Ivana Benevides Dutra 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis article presents a critical analysis of the relocation of street peddlers in Belo Horizonte, Brazil to the Shopping Popular indoor markets of the city. In its attempt to “clean up” downtown through such relocation, city council affected the dissolution of the informal work of the city's peddlers and toreros and increased the precariousness of the political and social conditions these vendors face at work. We conducted a site visit and gathered data using discourse analysis, interviews, and desk research. We argue that city council's public focus on urban revitalization served as a pretext that allowed for the serious social problems underlying the peddler issue to go unaddressed. Copyright © 2011 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modelling the complex interactions between reformer and reduction furnace in a midrex‐based iron plant
Authors: Alhumaizi Khalid , Ajbar AbdelHamid , Soliman Mustafa 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis article studies the complex mass and energy interactions between the reformer and the reduction furnace in an iron plant based on Midrex technology. The methodology consists in the development of rigorous first principle models for the reformer and the reduction furnace, in addition to models for auxiliary units such as heat recuperator, scrubber and compressor. In this regard, a one‐dimensional heterogeneous model for the catalyst tubes which takes into account the intraparticle mass transfer resistance was developed for the reformer unit, while the furnace was modelled with bottom‐firing configuration. As for the reduction furnace, the mathematical model was based on the concept of shrinking core model. The furnace was modelled as a moving bed reactor taking into consideration the effects of water gas shift reaction, steam reforming of methane and carburisation reactions. The model was first validated using data from a local iron/steel plant and was then simulated to determine key output variables such as bustle gas temperature, degree of metalisation, carbon content, ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide, reductants to oxidants ratio and required compression energy. The effects of key input parameters on the performance of the plant were studied. These parameters included recycle ratio, scrubber exit temperature, injected oxygen flow rate, flow rate of natural gas after reformer, to transition zone, to reformer and to cooling zone. Useful profiles were compiled to illustrate the results of the sensitivity analysis. These results may serve as guidelines for a further optimisation of the plant.
Drifts and TPD analyses of ethanol on Pt catalysts over Al2O3 and ZrO2—partial oxidation of ethanol
Authors: Schmal Martin , Cesar Deborah V. , Souza Mariana M. V. M. , Guarido Carlos E. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractEthanol adsorption on platinum catalysts supported on Al2O3 and ZrO2 was studied by temperature‐programmed desorption (TPD) and DRIFTS analysis. TPD of ethanol showed that the alumina support favoured the dehydration and decomposition ethanol, besides the water–gas shift reaction. DRIFTS analyses showed different intermediate species on the Pt/Al2O3 and Pt/ZrO2 catalysts. On the Pt/Al2O3 catalyst it was observed formation and decomposition of acetate species. On the Pt/ZrO2 were observed ethoxy species. Catalytic tests of the partial oxidation of ethanol showed that the H2 selectivity was higher on the Pt/Al2O3 compared to the Pt/ZrO2 catalyst. Marked difference was observed for the H2/CO ratio, suggesting preferential WGSR for Pt/Al2O3 and the reverse WGSR for the Pt/ZrO2 catalyst. These results allowed proposing different reaction routes.
Development of 72/84‐kV dry air‐insulated dead tank VCB
Authors: Saito Hitoshi , Nagatake Kazuhiro , Komatsu Hideki , Takeshita Yukihiro , Matsui Yoshihiko , Katsumata Kiyohito , Sakaki Masayuki 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis paper describes a newly developed 72/84‐kV dry air‐insulated dead tank vacuum circuit breaker (VCB). VCB technology, which is essential for SF6 gas‐free equipment, has made advances in the fields of high‐voltage, large current interruption and environment‐conscious design. Light weight, decreased size, and reduced operating energy have been achieved by the new design. From the viewpoint of insulation, the characteristics of dry air, hybrid insulation structure, and insulation strength in vacuum were considered. Various performance verification tests in accordance with standards have been carried out and the reliability of the equipment has been verified. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 177(1): 1–10, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21145
A novel micromixer with three‐dimensionally cross‐linked capillary array structure fabricated by deep X‐ray lithography
Authors: Kondo Saki , Ukita Yoshiaki , Fujiwara Kuniyo , Utsumi Yuichi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA novel micromixer was proposed, fabricated and verified. The new concept of the micromixer is to cross‐link many capillaries in a three‐dimensional structure. The characteristic flow behaviors were simulated by using the “FLUENT” computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. The results of the CFD showed unique mixing behavior in three‐dimensionally cross‐linked capillaries. The mixing performance of the micromixer is strongly influenced by controlling the three‐dimensional crossing conditions. The micromixer was fabricated by deep X‐ray lithography with multistep exposure. The cross‐linked capillary structures were successfully fabricated while controlling the cross‐link conditions. The performance of the micromixer was evaluated by using an enzyme reaction. By comparing the mixtures produced with a cross‐linked fluid filter and with a fluid filter without cross‐linked capillaries, we found that the reaction was accelerated by using the new micromixer. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 177(1): 26–31, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21157
Simulation of branched serial first-order decay of atrazine and metabolites in adapted and nonadapted soils
Authors: Webb Richard M.T , Sandstrom Mark W , Krutz L. Jason , Shaner Dale L 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
In the present study a branched serial first-order decay (BSFOD) model is presented and used to derive transformation rates describing the decay of a common herbicide, atrazine, and its metabolites observed in unsaturated soils adapted to previous atrazine applications and in soils with no history of atrazine applications. Calibration of BSFOD models for soils throughout the country can reduce the uncertainty, relative to that of traditional models, in predicting the fate and transport of pesticides and their metabolites and thus support improved agricultural management schemes for reducing threats to the environment. Results from application of the BSFOD model to better understand the degradation of atrazine supports two previously reported conclusions: atrazine (6-chloro-N-ethyl-N′-(1-methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine) and its primary metabolites are less persistent in adapted soils than in nonadapted soils; and hydroxyatrazine was the dominant primary metabolite in most of the soils tested. In addition, a method to simulate BSFOD in a one-dimensional solute-transport unsaturated zone model is also presented. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:1973–1981. © 2011 SETAC
Diclofenac in fish: Blood plasma levels similar to human therapeutic levels affect global hepatic gene expression
Authors: Cuklev Filip , Kristiansson Erik , Fick Jerker , Asker Noomi , Förlin Lars , Larsson D.G. Joakim 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Diclofenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug frequently found in the aquatic environment. Previous studies have reported histological changes in the liver, kidney, and gills of fish at concentrations similar to those measured in treated sewage effluents (approximately 1 µg/L). Analyses or predictions of blood plasma levels in fish allow a direct comparison with human therapeutic plasma levels and may therefore be used to indicate a risk for pharmacological effects in fish. To relate internal exposure to a pharmacological interaction, we investigated global hepatic gene expression together with bioconcentration in blood plasma and liver of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to waterborne diclofenac. At the highest exposure concentration (81.5 µg/L), the fish plasma concentration reached approximately 88% of the human therapeutic levels (Cmax) after two weeks. Using an oligonucleotide microarray followed by quantitative PCR, we found extensive effects on hepatic gene expression at this concentration, and some genes were found to be regulated down to the lowest exposure concentration tested (1.6 µg/L), corresponding to a plasma concentration approximately 1.5% of the human Cmax. Thus, at concentrations detected in European surface waters, diclofenac can affect the expression of multiple genes in exposed fish. Functional analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed effects on biological processes such as inflammation and the immune response, in agreement with the mode of action of diclofenac in mammals. In contrast to some previously reported results, the bioconcentration factor was found to be stable (4.02 ± 0.75 for blood plasma and 2.54 ± 0.36 for liver) regardless of the water concentration. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:2126–2134. © 2011 SETAC
Instruments for comprehensive needs assessment in individuals with cognitive complaints, mild cognitive impairment or dementia: a systematic review
Authors: Schmid Roger , Eschen Anne , Rüegger‐Frey Brigitte , Martin Mike 
Published: June 2011

ObjectiveIn recent years, it has become more common to complement the objective assessment of symptoms with an assessment of individual needs patterns that are created by the individual pattern of symptoms. However, little is known on needs patterns in individuals with subjective cognitive impairment, mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Thus, on the basis of an analysis of the development of needs in the course of cognitive decline, we provide an overview of the existing needs assessment instruments with respect to feasibility, validity and reliability.MethodWe conducted a literature search in PsycINFO and PubMed including all publications up to September 2009. We included needs assessment instruments for use in older individuals with mental or cognitive disorders and dementia.ResultsWe identified 17 needs assessment instruments for individuals with mental disorders, cognitive impairment or dementia. The analysis of selected articles demonstrated a wide range of needs indicators within different subgroups. Validity and reliability range between moderate and good.ConclusionsEven though a wide range of needs assessment instruments is available, most instruments assess the needs of individuals with subjective cognitive impairment, mild cognitive impairment and dementia on a general level rather than on a more concrete level that may serve better to inform interventions for this growing population. In addition, we suggest basing the development of instruments firmly on an adequate theoretical framework and standardised procedural guidelines. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Contrast‐enhanced sonography of postbiopsy arteriovenous fistulas in kidney grafts
Authors: Grzelak P. , Sapieha M. , Kurnatowska I. , Nowicki M. , Strzelczyk J. , Stefańczyk L. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPurpose.To assess the usefulness of contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography (CE‐US) in the visualization of a kidney graft following a biopsy that was complicated by an arteriovenous fistula (AVF).Methods.Four postrenal transplant patients who had developed AVFs following graft biopsy were examined using standard US and CE‐US. Additionally, follow‐up examinations were conducted using CE‐US, at 4–6 weeks and 10–12 weeks following fistula closure.Results.The fistulas were detected using color Doppler US, Power Doppler US, and B‐flow technique. Reduced parenchymal flow was only detected in one case using standard flow visualization techniques. CE‐US allowed for the visualization of regions of disturbed parenchymal perfusion that were not visible in the standard examinations. At follow‐up, B‐mode ultrasound and standard flow examinations appeared normal. However, all contrast‐enhanced images showed clearly demarcated residual regions of reduced parenchymal perfusion, in areas where the fistulas had been previously present.Conclusions.A posttraumatic AVF reduces parenchymal perfusion in the affected region. CE‐US examination may help in monitoring fistulas during the active phase and following spontaneous closure. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2011