bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Volumetric Analysis of a Novel Chimeric Gracilis and Profunda Artery Perforator Flap
Authors: Van Spronsen Nicole R. , Hammond Jacob B. , Plonkowski Alexander T. , Jokerst Clint E. , Flug Jonathan A. , Shrout Max A. , Reece Edward M. , Casey William J. , Rebecca Alanna M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background The presence of a chimeric gracilis and profunda artery perforator (PAP) flap with a common arterial pedicle has been demonstrated on computed tomography angiography in up to 59% of patients and confirmed in a cadaveric model. Already utilized for head and neck reconstruction by Heredero et al, this novel flap could provide more volume than either flap alone which is advantageous, particularly in patients with sizable defects. The purpose of this study was to determine the average tissue volume that can be utilized from this chimeric flap.
Methods CT Angiogram imaging studies exhibiting chimeric flap anatomy were reviewed over a 7-year period at a single institution utilizing Visage Version 7.1, a radiology picture archiving and communication system. This software was used to trace the flap pedicles and to capture estimated soft tissue volumes of each respective flap.
Results A total of 31 patients, consisting of 52 lower extremity gracilis and PAP chimeric flaps, underwent tissue volume analysis. The average total volume of soft tissue supplied by the gracilis flap was found to be 70.21 cm3 (standard deviation [SD] = 26.99). The average volume of the PAP flap was 31.73 cm3 (SD = 26.12). The average total volume captured by the chimeric gracilis and PAP flap was 101.94 cm3 (SD = 62.40).
Conclusion The potential soft tissue volume that can be harvested from a chimeric gracilis and PAP flap is significantly greater than solitary gracilis or PAP flaps. This chimeric flap may serve as a viable and advantageous reconstructive option for patients requiring large volume soft tissue coverage, particularly if other sizable options are not available.
Multigram Synthesis of 4,4-Disubstituted 3-Oxopyrrolidones: Efficient Starting Materials for Diverse 3-Functionalized Pyrrolidones
Authors: Ryabukhin Serhiy V. , Bondarenko Semen S. , Fedorchenko Anatolii M. , Novosolov Pavlo O. , Marchenko Oleksandr V. , Hanopolskyi Anton I. , Volovenko Yulian M. , Volochnyuk Dmytro M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe practical, rapid development of chemical leads for drug discovery depends strongly on scalable building block synthesis procedures. N-Heterocyclic moieties, especially unsaturated ones, remain essential tools in the hands of screening and medicinal chemists. Here, we report four novel chemical block families and the interconversions between them. The synthesis of 4,4-disubstituted 3-oxopyrrolidones was an essential milestone in the diversity-oriented production of 3-aminopyrrolidones, 3-hydroxypyrrolidones, and 3,3′-difluoropyrrolidines. These compounds can be functionalized with conformationally flexible spirocyclic substituents. We developed a multigram procedure to access 4,4-disubstituted 3-oxopyrrolidones from commercially accessible and cost-saving reagents via a short three-step procedure. Here, we report the robust conversion of 3-oxopyrrolidones into 3-aminopyrrolidones, 3,3′-difluoropyrrolidones, and 3-hydroxypyrrolidones, involving a minimal number of steps. We demonstrate the scope and limitations and further perspectives for such synthetic approaches.
Introduction to the special issue of The Natural History of Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve, Western Australia
Authors: Hopkins A. J. M. , Smith G. T. , Saunders D. A. 
Published: May 2024

Context This paper introduces the special issue of Pacific Conservation Biology devoted to the natural history of Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve on the south coast of Western Australia. Methods This paper provides the background to the special issue. Key results Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve was gazetted in 1967 for the conservation of the native biota, including two species; the Djimaalap/noisy scrub-bird (Atrichornis clamosus) and Ngilgaitch/Gilbert’s potoroo (Potorous gilbertii), both believed extinct for over 100 years before being rediscovered on the Reserve. The Reserve is 4774.7 ha in area, with wetlands, heathlands, granite outcrops, sand dunes, beaches, cliffs, and islands. Since it was established, mean annual rainfall has decreased by 16.8%, mean annual maximum temperature has increased by 0.2°C, and mean annual minimum temperature has increased by 0.7°C. Conclusions The paper poses the question: what do the changes of drier winters, hotter summers, and more extreme weather events mean for managers of conservation areas such as Two Peoples Bay? Implications Changing climate will pose problems for the managers of Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve in ensuring the conservation of the Djimaalap/noisy scrub-bird and Ngilgaitch/Gilbert’s potoroo.
2D–3D heterostructure of PtS2−x
/Ga2O3 and their band alignment studies for high performance and broadband photodetector
Authors: Bassi Gaurav , Kaur Damanpreet , Dahiya Rohit , Kumar Mukesh 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
For deep ultraviolet (UV-C) photodetectors, gallium oxide (Ga2O3) is a suitable candidate owing to its intrinsic ultra-wide band gap and high stability. However, its detection is limited within the UV-C region, which restricts it to cover a broad range, especially in visible and near-infrared (NIR) region. Therefore, constructing a heterostructure of Ga2O3 with an appropriate material having a narrow band gap is a worthwhile approach to compensate for it. In this category, PtS2 group-10 transitional metal dichalcogenide stands at the top owing to its narrow band gap (0.25–1.65 eV), high mobility, and stability for heterostructure synthesis. Moreover, heterostructure with Ga2O3 sensing in UV and PtS2 broad response in visible and IR range can broaden the spectrum from UV to NIR and to build broadband photodetector. In this work, we fabricated a 2D–3D PtS2−x
/Ga2O3 heterostructure based broadband photodetector with detection from UV-C to NIR region. In addition, the PtS2−x
/Ga2O3 device shows a high responsivity of 38.7 AW−1 and detectivity of 4.8 × 1013 Jones under 1100 nm light illumination at 5 V bias. A fast response of 90 ms/86 ms illustrates the device’s fast speed. An interface study between the PtS2−x
and Ga2O3 was conducted using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) which confirmed type-I band alignment. Finally, based on their band alignment study, a carrier transport mechanism was proposed at the interface. This work offers a new opportunity to fabricate large-area high-performance 2D–3D heterostructures based photodetectors for future optoelectronics devices.
A novel ballistic model for the subthreshold behavior of nanosheet transistors
Authors: Chiang Te-Kuang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A novel ballistic model for the subthreshold current of nanosheet transistors is successfully developed based on the Landauer approach with the three-dimensional number of channels. The ballistic threshold voltage can also be achieved through the calculated free charge density induced by the three-dimensional density-of-states equal to the substrate doping concentration. It indicates that under the low drain voltage corresponding to the Fermi distribution function, the subthreshold current is mainly governed by the low contact potential. However, under the high drain voltage corresponding to the Fermi distribution function, the thermal voltage, instead of the contact potential between the source and drain, initiates the subthreshold current. Besides subthreshold current and threshold voltage, the ballistic conductance and subthreshold swing are also revealed in the subthreshold conduction. It indicates that the thin silicon, thin gate oxide, heavy substrate doping density, and high work function will alleviate the ballistic effects, decrease the subthreshold current/swing, and increase the threshold voltage/ballistic resistance.
The Robotic MAAO 0.7 m Telescope System: Performance and Standard Photometric System
Authors: Lim Gu , Kim Dohyeong , Lim Seonghun , Im Myungshin , Choi Hyeonho , Park Jaemin , Park Keun-Hong , Park Junyeong , Muskaan Chaudhary , Kim Donghyun , Jeong Hayeong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We introduce a 0.7 m telescope system at the Miryang Arirang Astronomical Observatory (MAAO), a public observatory in Miryang, Korea. System integration and a scheduling program enable the 0.7 m telescope system to operate completely robotically during nighttime, eliminating the need for human intervention. Using the 0.7 m telescope system, we obtain atmospheric extinction coefficients and the zero-point magnitudes by observing standard stars. As a result, we find that atmospheric extinctions are moderate but they can sometimes increase depending on the weather conditions. The measured 5σ limiting magnitudes reach down to BVRI = 19.4–19.6 AB mag for a point source with a total integrated time of 10 minutes under clear weather conditions, demonstrating comparable performance with other observational facilities operating under similar specifications and sky conditions. We expect that the newly established MAAO 0.7 m telescope system will contribute significantly to the observational studies of astronomy. Particularly, with its capability for robotic observations, this system, although its primary duty is for public viewing, can be extensively used for the time-series observation of transients.
Internal phase control of fiber laser array based on photodetector array
Authors: Jin 靳 Kai-Kai 凯凯 , Long 龙 Jin-Hu 金虎 , Chang 常 Hong-Xiang 洪祥 , Su 粟 Rong-Tao 荣涛 , Zhang 张 Jia-Yi 嘉怡 , Chen 陈 Si-Yu 思雨 , Ma 马 Yan-Xing 阎星 , Zhou 周 Pu 朴 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Coherent beam combining (CBC) of fiber laser array is a promising technique to realize high output power while maintaining near diffraction-limited beam quality. To implement CBC, an appropriate phase control feedback structure should be established to realize phase-locking. In this paper, an innovative internal active phase control CBC fiber laser array based on photodetector array is proposed. The dynamic phase noises of the laser amplifiers are compensated before being emitted into free space. And the static phase difference compensation of emitting laser array is realized by interference measurement based on photodetector array. The principle of the technique is illustrated and corresponding simulations are carried out, and a CBC system with four laser channels is built to verify the technique. When the phase controllers are turned on, the phase deviation of the laser array is less than λ/20, and ∼ 95% fringe contrast of the irradiation distribution is obtained. The technique proposed in this paper could provide a reference for the system design of a massive high-power CBC system.
Dissipative soliton resonance within different dispersion regimes in a single mode-locked laser
Authors: Zhao 赵 Zhetao 哲韬 , Shu 舒 Qinke 沁珂 , Xie 解 Ziyi 梓怡 , Ren 任 Yuxuan 俞宣 , Zhang 张 Ying 颖 , Yuan 袁 Bo 博 , Zhao 赵 Chunbo 春勃 , Peng 彭 Junsong 俊松 , Zeng 曾 Heping 和平 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Dissipative soliton resonance (DSR) was previously studied in separated mode-locked fiber lasers within different dispersion regimes including anomalous, near-zero and normal dispersion. Here we propose a method to study DSR in a single mode-locked laser in these different dispersion regimes. This is achieved by virtue of a waveshaper which can control the laser dispersion readily using software, avoiding the usual tedious cutback method. We find that dispersion has a negligible effect on DSR since the pulse duration keeps constant while dispersion is varied. Moreover, we examine the dynamics of DSR on the parameters of the SA including modulation depth and saturation power, and find that the pulse duration can be changed in a large range when the saturation power is decreased. Our numerical simulations could be important to guide relative experimental studies.
Investigation of the Tensile, Flexural, and Impact Strengths of Hexagonal Expanded Aluminum Mesh/Biaxial Glass Fiber Hybrid Composites
Authors: Srinivasa Murthy PL , Sanjay P , Kiran Murthy S , Adi Vedanth D 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Glass fibers are known for their high tensile strength, thermal properties, environmental resistance, and more. This research article investigates the mechanical properties of composites made of hexagonal expanded aluminum mesh (HEAM) of 1.03mm (0.04in) strand thickness, 6.5mm (0.25in) long way of opening (LWO), 5mm (0.2in) Short Way of Opening (SWO) and 1708 45/45 biaxial fiberglass with binder epoxy resin (LY556) with Hardener (HY918) with silicon dioxide as an additive. This study determines tensile, flexural, impact strengths. Results show hexagonal mesh efficiently distributes loads, yielding high strength-to-weight ratio, tensile strength, and energy absorption.
Experimental Investigation and Optimization of process parameter in Binder Jet 3D Printing
Authors: Shanmuganatan S P , Madhusudan M , Josephine Sherina , Samsak S , Thejaswi Yoganarasimha N , Sewanth Gowda P 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Prototyping is frequently performed using Additive Manufacturing (AM), which has practical usages in the aerospace, defence, medical, and automotive industries. AM is a viable alternative to the established powder metallurgy method that guarantees a good and enhanced surface polish. The primary purpose of the current study is to optimize the printing process parameters related to binder jet printing technology. In the additive manufacturing technique known as ‘binder jetting,’ a commercial printer selectively applies a liquid binding agent to a thin coating of powder particles. The parameters governing AM process includes roller speed, layer thickness, infill density and bed temperature. Taguchi analysis based on L16 orthogonal array is adapted in the study to optimize the various process parameters. The output responses namely ultimate tensile strength and toughness properties were evaluated to optimize the process. Tensile testing is carried out as per ASTM standard. The study also involves the observation of the binder jet process, associative science of densification after sintering, evolution of microstructural characteristics of the binder jetted part and application of the optimized process parameters of selected material.
Solvatochromic and theoretical study of 1,3-benzodioxole derivative
Authors: Sunil Kumar N. , Prasad K. N. N. , Chandrasekhar S. , Thipperudrappa J. , Kalgi Mayadevi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The solvatochromic UV-Vis absorption and emission characteristics of (E)-1-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)-3-(7-methoxybenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)prop-2-en-1-one compound were studied in solvents of various polarities. The various types of interactions present between the solute-solvent were studied by means of Catalan’s and Kamlet’s techniques. Furthermore, the excited state dipole moment of the compound was estimated using the Lippert’s, Kawski-Chamma-Viallet’s, Bakhshiev’s, and

E
N
T

solvent polarity parameters. It was noticed that the excited state dipole moment was more than the dipole moment in the ground state. Investigated further to comprehend the compound’s molecular properties through theoretical study.
Efficient activation of the Co/SBA-15 catalyst by high-frequency AC-DBD plasma thermal effects for toluene removal
Authors: LI 李 Yue 越 , JIANG 姜 Nan 楠 , LIU 刘 Zhengyan 政妍 , QIN 秦 Liang 亮 , PENG 彭 Bangfa 邦发 , WANG 王 Ronggang 荣刚 , SUN 孙 Yurong 玉荣 , LI 李 Jie 杰 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma excited by a high-frequency alternating-current (AC) power supply is widely employed for the degradation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). However, the thermal effect generated during the discharge process leads to energy waste and low energy utilization efficiency. In this work, an innovative DBD thermally-conducted catalysis (DBD-TCC) system, integrating high-frequency AC-DBD plasma and its generated thermal effects to activate the Co/SBA-15 catalyst, was employed for toluene removal. Specifically, Co/SBA-15 catalysts are closely positioned to the ground electrode of the plasma zone and can be heated and activated by the thermal effect when the voltage exceeds 10 kV. At 12.4 kV, the temperature in the catalyst zone reached 261 °C in the DBD-TCC system, resulting in an increase in toluene degradation efficiency of 17%, CO2 selectivity of 21.2%, and energy efficiency of 27%, respectively, compared to the DBD system alone. In contrast, the DBD thermally-unconducted catalysis (DBD-TUC) system fails to enhance toluene degradation due to insufficient heat absorption and catalytic activation, highlighting the crucial role of AC-DBD generated heat in the activation of the catalyst. Furthermore, the degradation pathway and mechanism of toluene in the DBD-TCC system were hypothesized. This work is expected to provide an energy-efficient approach for high-frequency AC-DBD plasma removal of VOCs.
First spectroscopic study of HFRC plasma
Authors: MAO 毛 An 安 , CHENG 程 Zhifeng 芝峰 , RAO 饶 Bo 波 , YANG 杨 Jingmin 菁珉 , ZHANG 张 Ming 明 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
An advanced spectral diagnostic system was developed to measure the electron temperature (T
e), electron density (N
e), and ion temperature (T
i) of the Huazhong University of Science and Technology field-reversed configuration plasma. The system consists of an optic fiber spectrometer with a wide spectral band and a 670 mm focal length high throughout Czerny–Turner monochromator equipped with both a 3600 g mm−1 grating and a 2400 g mm−1 grating to measure the line spectrum. Accompanying these components is an electron-multiplying charge-coupled device camera to capture spectral data. The relative intensity of the optical fiber spectrometer was calibrated using a standard luminance source, and the wavelength calibration of the spectrometer was accomplished using a Hg/Ar lamp. This diagnostic setup was configured to measure electron density based on the Stark effect of Hγ (n = 5 → n = 2; 434.04 nm). Doppler broadening of an O III (2s22p(2P0)3p → 2s22p(2P0)3s; 375.988 nm) emission line was measured and analyzed to obtain the ion temperature, and electron temperatures were estimated from the relative strength of Hβ (n = 4 → n = 2; 486.14 nm) (Dβ) and Hγ (Dγ) spectral lines when the electron density was obtained from Stark effect measurements. The initial experimental results indicate that the highest electron temperature of the formation region was approximately 8 eV, the electron density of the colliding-and-merging region was approaching 1020 m−3, and the ion temperature reached about 40 eV.
Introduction
Authors: Berend Nora 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The introduction raises questions about the transition between medieval myth-making and modern history writing. It also provides background on the historical Stephen, and on his changing interpretation in modern historical scholarship. Historians in every generation claimed to show finally the ‘true’ face of the king, while adapting him to the requirements of their own period, for example, as a pro-German defender of Hungary or a pro-Slavic peaceful ruler. The chapter contrasts Stephen’s significance in Hungarian historiography with the meagre knowledge we can gain from historical sources. It highlights the problems with the primary sources and the many questions they leave unanswered.
Cupan
Authors: Berend Nora 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The chapter engages with the unfolding story of a putative rival for the throne early on during Stephen’s reign. Cupan, who may be a medieval literary invention, has been part of national history for centuries. The author traces how a medieval legend emerged and was elaborated in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries about a threat to Stephen’s accession to the throne, and how modern historians further embellished this to create the story of an alleged pagan uncle of Stephen, Koppány. The chapter unravels the significance of the story as a lynchpin in national history. The confrontation has been seen as a turning point that set Hungary on either the right road of integration into Christian Europe or the wrong one, depriving Hungarians of their identity, depending on the sympathies of modern authors. The chapter shows how between the nineteenth and twenty-first centuries, Koppány became a hero and emblem of right-wing identity politics as a supposed representative of true Hungarianness, unadulterated by western influences. A brief comparative section illuminates the modern and contemporary interest in, and indeed creation of, supposed medieval pagans.
Stephen, the King: A Rock Opera in the Late Communist Period and Questions of National Identity
Authors: Berend Nora 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Demonstrating how myth laundered into history continued to be reshaped in the twentieth century and beyond, this chapter takes up the story of Stephen and Koppány represented in a rock opera in 1983. Backed by a historical advisor, the creators of the rock opera offered a heavily mythical story that was understood as a real reconstruction of historical events. It gained immediate popularity, seen by many as expressing opposition to the late communist regime. Yet it also gained the authorities’ approval, whether as a safety valve or an apotheosis of the regime. Read by many as the story of the 1956 revolution, Stephen the King also reflected the struggles around national identity in the last years of the communist regime, and, through yearly performances and reinterpretations, beyond. The rock opera has been immensely successful in propagating its vision of Hungarian history as a true reconstruction, and sparked further elaborations of mythical history, catapulting Koppány into the role of national hero.
The Hungarian Crown
Authors: Berend Nora 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The most intriguingly complex as well as the most noxious legends linked to Stephen by posterity are concentrated around his alleged crown. Several independent myths originating in different centuries can be disentangled: the story about the papal sending of Stephen’s crown; speculations about the origins of the extant medieval crown that used to be attributed to Stephen; the development and meaning of the ‘doctrine of the Holy Crown’; and the symbolism with which the existing crown has been invested in modern times. At their most misleading and most potent, however, the legends intertwine to the point of becoming indistinguishable, and reinforce each other, turning the physical object into the carrier of legendary power and sacrality. The chapter dissects the rise of each myth in the medieval and modern periods, and investigates the reasons for the renewed political use of the crown in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Drawing on European parallels, the chapter both offers a re-evaluation of the extant medieval crown and the ‘doctrine of the Holy Crown’ and reconstructs for the first time how the crown came to be seen as ‘holy’. Ultimately, the chapter demonstrates that it is only the modern and contemporary history of the crown that is unusual.
Introduction
Authors: Beaumont Paul David 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter introduces the puzzle animating the book that the recent wave of status research has left in its wake: Why do states appear to chase status so ferociously when the status rewards appear so ephemeral and perhaps illusionary? To address this puzzle, the chapter makes the theoretical case that states have varying degrees of leeway to develop and maintain hierarchical constructions of the world that are neither shared nor recognized by international audiences yet remain salient and have political effects domestically. Consequently, governments can benefit from status-seeking in terms of legitimacy, without being beholden to international recognition. This has been overlooked because prior works tend to bracket the domestic audience, overstate the degree of intersubjective agreement about international status, and thereby understate the degree of interpretative agency located within domestic discourses. This discussion lays the groundwork for studying the theories of status used by actors within domestic politics.