bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase IIb dose‐ranging study of the oral JAK inhibitor tofacitinib (CP‐690,550) or adalimumab monotherapy versus placebo in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis with an inadequate response to disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs
Authors: Fleischmann Roy , Cutolo Maurizio , Genovese Mark C. , Lee Eun Bong , Kanik Keith S. , Sadis Seth , Connell Carol A. , Gruben David , Krishnaswami Sriram , Wallenstein Gene , Wilkinson Bethanie E. , Zwillich Samuel H. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of 5 doses of oral tofacitinib (CP‐690,550) or adalimumab monotherapy with placebo for the treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in patients with an inadequate response to disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs.MethodsIn this 24‐week, double‐blind, phase IIb study, patients with RA (n = 384) were randomized to receive placebo, tofacitinib at 1, 3, 5, 10, or 15 mg administered orally twice a day, or adalimumab at 40 mg injected subcutaneously every 2 weeks (total of 6 injections) followed by oral tofacitinib at 5 mg twice a day for 12 weeks. The primary end point was the responder rate according to the American College of Rheumatology 20% improvement criteria (ACR20) at week 12.ResultsTreatment with tofacitinib at a dose of ≥3 mg twice a day resulted in a rapid response with significant efficacy when compared to placebo, as indicated by the primary end point (ACR20 response at week 12), achieved in 39.2% (3 mg; P ≤ 0.05), 59.2% (5 mg; P < 0.0001), 70.5% (10 mg; P < 0.0001), and 71.9% (15 mg; P < 0.0001) in the tofacitinib group and 35.9% of patients in the adalimumab group (P = 0.105), compared with 22.0% of patients receiving placebo. Improvements were sustained at week 24, according to the ACR20, ACR50, and ACR70 response rates as well as classifications of remission according to the 3‐variable Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) using C‐reactive protein and the 4‐variable DAS28 using the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The most common treatment‐emergent adverse events (AEs) in patients across all tofacitinib treatment arms (n = 272) were urinary tract infection (7.7%), diarrhea (4.8%), headache (4.8%), and bronchitis (4.8%).ConclusionTofacitinib monotherapy at ≥3 mg twice a day was efficacious in the treatment of patients with active RA over 24 weeks and demonstrated a manageable safety profile.
Accuracy and sensitivity of residual DNA detection by QPCR is not predicted by target copy number
Authors: Verardo Megan L. , Carvalho Juliane G. , Delgado Dora N. , Kuhns Scott T. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA major issue in the use of mammalian cell culture in biopharmaceutical manufacturing is the removal of process related impurities, such as residual host cell DNA, during the product purification process. To ensure that sufficient DNA removal is achieved during purification, it is essential to have an accurate and sensitive assay for host cell DNA. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) is widely used for this purpose; however, the extent to which the choice of QPCR gene target can have an impact on final results requires further understanding. In the present study, we examined the relationship between the genomic copy number of eight different Chinese Hamster ovary (CHO) gene targets and the sensitivity and accuracy afforded by those targets in a residual host cell DNA QPCR assay. We also evaluated the use of each gene target for accurate measurement of residual DNA clearance using in‐process purification samples from two CHO production cell lines. Our results revealed a correlation between gene target abundance and the potential sensitivity for use in a QPCR assay. However, we found that higher copy number gene targets do not provide the highest measurement or reveal the largest clearance of residual host cell DNA from purification samples. These findings suggest that different DNA sequences may clear or degrade at differential rates and highlight unexpected considerations that must be made in the choice of QPCR gene target when designing QPCR assays. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2012
Peptide‐Controlled Access to the Interior Surface of Empty Virus Nanoparticles
Authors: Sainsbury Frank , Saunders Keith , Aljabali Alaa A. A. , Evans David J. , Lomonossoff George P. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe structure of Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) is known to high resolution, thereby enabling the rational use of the particles in diverse applications, from vaccine design to nanotechnology. A recently devised method for the production of empty virus‐like particles (eVLPs) has opened up new possibilities for CPMV capsid‐based technologies, such as internal mineralisation of the particle. We have investigated the role of the carboxyl (C) terminus of the small coat (S) protein in controlling access to the interior of CPMV eVLPs by determining the efficiency of internal mineralisation. The presence of the C‐terminal 24‐amino acid peptide of the S protein was found to inhibit internal mineralisation, an effect that could be eliminated by enzymatic removal of this region. We have also demonstrated the amenability of the C terminus to genetic modification. Substitution with six histidine residues generated stable particles and facilitated external mineralisation by cobalt. These findings demonstrate consistent internal and external mineralisation of CPMV, and will aid the further exploration and development of the use of eVLPs for bionanotechnological and medical applications.
Beyond remedial dichotomies: Are ‘underprepared’ college students a marginalized marjority?
Authors: Deil‐Amen Regina 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis chapter questions the dichotomous labeling and conceptualization of remedial and nonremedial students, particularly the added distinctions emphasized between four‐year and two‐year colleges, and it calls for a focus on the common challenges among all underprepared college students.
Stroke due to late device thrombosis following successful percutaneous patent foramen ovale closure
Authors: Korabathina Ravikiran , Thaler David E. , Kimmelstiel Carey 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe report a case of stroke due to device thrombosis occurring three years following percutaneous patent foramen ovale (patent foramen ovale) closure with an Amplatzer atrial septal occluder device. We discuss risk factors that may have contributed to device thrombosis and raise concerns regarding the lack of a dedicated PFO closure device for clinical use in the United States. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Triggering dissymmetry in achiral dye molecules by chiral solvents: Circular dichroism experiments and DFT calculations
Authors: Abbate Sergio , Lebon France , Longhi Giovanna , Passarello Marco , Liveri Vincenzo Turco 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe electronic circular dichroism spectra of achiral product “Lumogen F Red” (ROT‐300) in four different chiral solvents are recorded at different temperatures. DFT calculations allow to identify two enantiomeric conformers for ROT‐300. In vacuo they are equally populated; in chiral solvents one enantiomer prevails. Thermodynamic quantities involved in the chiral preference are derived. Chirality, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Organocatalytically Enantioselective Approach to Polysubstituted Tetrahydropyridines and Piperidines
Authors: Yu Fang , Zhang Xiaojing , Jiang Yongwen 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA convenient and highly enantioselective method for assembly of functionalized 1,2,3,4,5‐pentasubstituted tetrahydropyridines and piperidines was developed. This method relies on preparing the required enantiopure cyclic semi‐acetals via an organocatalyzed Michael addition/cyclization cascade reaction of aldehydes and α‐keto‐α,β‐unsaturated esters, and subsequent reductive amination/condensation with primary amines.
Approximate cloaking for the Helmholtz equation via transformation optics and consequences for perfect cloaking
Authors: Nguyen Hoai‐Minh 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn this paper, we study approximate cloaking of active devices for the Helmholtz equation in the whole space of dimension 2 or 3 using the scheme introduced by Kohn, Shen, Vogelius, and Weinstein. More precisely, we assess the degree of invisibility, determine the limit of the field inside the cloaked and cloaking regions, and show that the scheme is unstable with respect to the material parameters. As a consequence, we obtain some feasible properties of “perfect” cloaking. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Metastatic proximal epithelioid sarcoma in pleural effusion: Cytopathologic findings and differential diagnosis
Authors: Guan Hui , Haque Farah , Ali Syed Z. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe present a rare occurrence of metastatic proximal epithelioid sarcoma (PES) in the pleural effusion of a 23‐year‐old man, developed within one year of diagnosis in his gluteal soft tissue. The cytologic and immunoperoxidase findings are described. PES, due to its epithelioid morphology, can be confused with more common cancers in effusions such as adenocarcinoma and mesothelioma. PES is an aggressive neoplasm that differs clinically and pathologically from conventional epithelioid sarcoma. Knowledge of its cytomorphology in serous cavity effusions, a patient's clinical history and ancillary studies may lead to an accurate diagnosis. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The cortisol awakening response (CAR) in 2‐ to 4‐year‐old children: Effects of acute nighttime sleep restriction, wake time, and daytime napping
Authors: Gribbin Colleen E. , Watamura Sarah Enos , Cairns Alyssa , Harsh John R. , LeBourgeois Monique K. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe cortisol awakening response (CAR) is presumed critically important for healthy adaptation. The current literature, however, is hampered by systematic measurement difficulties relative to awakening, especially with young children. While reports suggest the CAR is smaller in children than adults, well‐controlled research in early childhood is scarce. We examined whether robust CARs exist in 2‐ to 4‐year‐old children and if sleep restriction, wake timing, and napping influence the CAR (n = 7). During a 25‐day in‐home protocol, researchers collected four salivary cortisol samples (0, 15, 30, 45 min post‐wake) following five polysomnographic sleep recordings on nonconsecutive days after 4 hr (morning nap), 7 hr (afternoon nap), 10 hr (evening nap), 13 hr (baseline night), and 16 hr (sleep restriction night) of wakefulness (20 samples/child). The CAR was robust after nighttime sleep, diminished after sleep restriction, and smaller but distinct after morning and afternoon (not evening) naps. Cortisol remained elevated 45 min after morning and afternoon naps. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 54:412–422, 2012.
Eyeblink conditioning in the developing rabbit
Authors: Brown Kevin L. , Woodruff‐Pak Diana S. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractEyeblink classical conditioning in pre‐weanling rabbits was examined in the present study. Using a custom lightweight headpiece and restrainer, New Zealand white littermates were trained once daily in 400 ms delay eyeblink classical conditioning from postnatal days (PD) 17–21 or PD 24–28. These ages were chosen because eyeblink conditioning emerges gradually over PD 17–24 in rats [Stanton et al., (1992) Behavioral Neuroscience, 106(4):657–665], another altricial species with neurodevelopmental features similar to those of rabbits. Consistent with well‐established findings in rats, rabbits trained from PD 24–28 showed greater conditioning relative to littermates trained from PD 17–21. Both age groups displayed poor retention of eyeblink conditioning at retraining 1 month after acquisition. These findings are the first to demonstrate eyeblink conditioning in the developing rabbit. With further characterization of optimal conditioning parameters, this preparation may have applications to neurodevelopmental disease models as well as research exploring the ontogeny of memory. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 54:423–432, 2012.
Kinematics of reaching and implications for handedness in rhesus monkey infants
Authors: Nelson Eliza L. , Konidaris George D. , Berthier Neil E. , Braun Maurine C. , Novak Matthew F.S.X. , Suomi Stephen J. , Novak Melinda A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractKinematic studies of reaching in human infants using two‐dimensional (2‐D) and three‐dimensional (3‐D) recordings have complemented behavioral studies of infant handedness by providing additional evidence of early right asymmetries. Right hand reaches have been reported to be straighter and smoother than left hand reaches during the first year. Although reaching has been a popular measure of handedness in primates, there has been no systematic comparison of left and right hand reach kinematics. We investigated reaching in infant rhesus monkeys using the 2‐D motion analysis software MaxTRAQ Lite+ (Innovision Systems). Linear mixed‐effects models revealed that left hand reaches were smoother, but not straighter, than right hand reaches. An early left bias matches previous findings of a left hand preference for reaching in adult rhesus monkeys. Additional work using this kind of kinematic approach will extend our understanding of primate handedness beyond traditional studies measuring only frequency or bouts of hand use. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 54:460–467, 2012.
Outer hair cell‐specific prestin‐CreERT2 knockin mouse lines
Authors: Fang Jie , Zhang Wen‐Cheng , Yamashita Tetsuji , Gao Jiangang , Zhu Min‐Sheng , Zuo Jian 
Published: September 2011

AbstractOuter hair cells (OHCs) in the cochlea are crucial for the remarkable hearing sensitivity and frequency tuning. To understand OHC physiology and pathology, it is imperative to use mouse genetic tools to manipulate gene expression specifically in OHCs. Here, we generated two prestin knockin mouse lines: (1) the prestin‐CreERT2 line, with an internal ribosome entry site‐CreERT2‐FRT‐Neo‐FRT cassette inserted into the prestin locus after the stop codon, and (2) the prestin‐CreERT2‐NN line, with the FRT‐Neo‐FRT removed subsequently. We characterized the inducible Cre activity of both lines by crossing them with the reporter lines CAG‐eGFP and Ai6. Cre activity was induced with tamoxifen at various postnatal ages and only detected in OHCs, resembling the endogenous prestin expression pattern. Moreover, prestin‐CreERT2 +/− (heterozygotes) and +/+ (homozygotes) as well as prestin‐CreERT2‐NN +/− mice displayed normal hearing. These two prestin‐CreERT2 mouse lines are therefore useful tools to analyze gene function in OHCs in vivo. genesis 50:124–131, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Phase noise characteristics of oscillator circuits emphasizing impedance matching
Authors: Imaike Takeshi , Sakuta Yukinori , Sekine Yoshifumi 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis paper describes improvement of phase noise characteristics of an Fr oscillator. We have examined the configuration of the Fr oscillator, the loaded Q of which is improved by using matching network, and we have predicted the value of the loaded Q. Furthermore, we actually made several configurations of the Fr oscillator and measured the SSB phase noise. We show that the measured loaded Q of the Fr oscillator corresponds to the calculation results well, and that the phase noise characteristics are improved by decreasing the characteristic impedance of the frequency selective circuit. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 94(10): 34–40, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10355
High‐speed image matching using partial template consisting of multiple rectangular areas extracted by genetic algorithm
Authors: Okada Keita , Saitoh Fumihiko 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn normalized correlation matching, a template image is set by manual operation before the matching process. Namely, the contents and the size of a template image are determined by the human sense. This paper proposes a method of performing high‐speed normalized correlation matching by extracting multiple partial areas automatically, which is effective in image matching. These extracted multiple partial areas become the new template image. The proposed method extracts multiple partial areas suitable for matching by genetic algorithm. The experimental results show that multiple partial areas including an image pattern that was useful for matching were extracted by the proposed method and that the processing time for image matching was reduced to 50%. The proposed method has higher reliability than conventional methods. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 94(10): 1–9, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10373
How Space‐Filling Is a Pyridine Lone Pair?
Authors: Mazzanti Andrea , Lunazzi Lodovico , Lepri Susan , Ruzziconi Renzo , Schlosser Manfred 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe torsional barriers of 2′‐substituted 2‐arylpyridines have been probed experimentally (by using dynamic NMR spectroscopy) and computationally (by using density functional theory). Due to the compressibility of the lone pair, the torsional barriers of the arylpyridines are up to 4.2 kcal/mol smaller than those of the carba‐analogous biphenyls. Furthermore, the ground states of the 2‐arylpyridines are less twisted than those of the biphenyls. Finally, due to an out‐of‐collinearity distortion, the intramolecular repulsion is attenuated in both rotational transition states, in the syn coplanar conformer (in which the pyridine nitrogen and the substituent R face each other) and in the anti coplanar conformer (in which they are on opposite sides of the molecule).
Chemoradiotherapy for maxillary sinus adenoid cystic carcinoma using superselective intra‐arterial infusion via a superficial temporal artery
Authors: Adachi Makoto , Mitsudo Kenji , Yamamoto Noriyuki , Hagiwara Sumitaka , Shigetomi Toshio , Fujimoto Yasushi , Lai Stephen Y. , Tohnai Iwai 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe efficacy of concurrent intra‐arterial infusion chemoradiotherapy for adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) has been described in only a few reports. Herein, we report on 2 patients with unresectable ACC of the maxillary sinus treated with this approach.MethodsPatients received concurrent chemoradiotherapy. External beam radiation was administered 5 times a week at 2 Gray (Gy) per fraction for a total of 60 Gy. Chemotherapy consisting of docetaxel and cisplatin was administered by superselective intra‐arterial infusion via a superficial temporal artery.ResultsAfter the completion of all treatments in both patients, biopsy specimens of the primary lesions showed complete disappearance of all viable and nonviable tumor cells and new bone formation at the bony walls of the maxillary sinus. Although complications such as mucositis, neutropenia, and anorexia were observed, they were well‐tolerated and manageable.ConclusionConcurrent chemoradiotherapy using superselective intra‐arterial infusion is a potential option for patients with unresectable maxillary ACC. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Prospects for calibrating rainfall‐runoff models using satellite observations of river hydraulic variables as surrogates for in situ river discharge measurements
Authors: Sun Wenchao , Ishidaira Hiroshi , Bastola Satish 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe need for calibration limits the direct application of rainfall‐runoff (RR) models in ungauged basins. In this paper, we present a conceptual framework for calibrating RR models using river hydraulic variables (river width or water surface elevation) that are observable by remote sensing. By integrating a RR model with at‐a‐station hydraulic geometry, using power functions to describe the cross‐sectional hydraulic relationship at the basin outlet, the simulated river width or water surface elevation become the output of the integrated model. The objective of the calibration is then shifted to minimizing the difference between the simulated values and the satellite measurements of the hydraulic variables. Correspondingly, the calibration process is carried out by tuning the RR model and power function parameters simultaneously. The HYdrological MODel (HYMOD) RR model and Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGAII) multi‐objective optimization scheme were selected based on the characteristics of satellite observations. A proof‐of‐concept experiment was carried out for the Pakse gauging station in the Mekong Basin, southwest Laos. Discharge estimates with acceptable accuracy were obtained by calibration, using ground measurements of either river width or water surface elevation at the Pakse gauging station, under designed average and low satellite observation frequencies. From the results of the experiment, a higher observational frequency was found to be preferable for making more reliable estimations. Using ground measurements with the possible error of satellite observations as calibration data, the maximum uncertainty was less than 20% of the mean daily discharge at Pakse station. This conceptual framework can provide a new tool for improving river discharge estimation in large ungauged basins. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of acute‐phase proteins, AHSG, C3, CLI, HP and SAA, reveals distinctive expression patterns associated with breast, colorectal and lung cancer
Authors: Dowling Paul , Clarke Colin , Hennessy Kim , Torralbo‐Lopez Beatriz , Ballot Jo , Crown John , Kiernan Ingrid , O'Byrne Kenneth J. , Kennedy M. John , Lynch Vincent , Clynes Martin 
Published: September 2011

AbstractEarly detection, clinical management and disease recurrence monitoring are critical areas in cancer treatment in which specific biomarker panels are likely to be very important in each of these key areas. We have previously demonstrated that levels of alpha‐2‐heremans‐schmid‐glycoprotein (AHSG), complement component C3 (C3), clusterin (CLI), haptoglobin (HP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) are significantly altered in serum from patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Here, we report the abundance levels for these proteins in serum samples from patients with advanced breast cancer, colorectal cancer (CRC) and lung cancer compared to healthy controls (age and gender matched) using commercially available enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kits. Logistic regression (LR) models were fitted to the resulting data, and the classification ability of the proteins was evaluated using receiver‐operating characteristic curve and leave‐one‐out cross‐validation (LOOCV). The most accurate individual candidate biomarkers were C3 for breast cancer [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.89, LOOCV = 73%], CLI for CRC (AUC = 0.98, LOOCV = 90%), HP for small cell lung carcinoma (AUC = 0.97, LOOCV = 88%), C3 for lung adenocarcinoma (AUC = 0.94, LOOCV = 89%) and HP for squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (AUC = 0.94, LOOCV = 87%). The best dual combination of biomarkers using LR analysis were found to be AHSG + C3 (AUC = 0.91, LOOCV = 83%) for breast cancer, CLI + HP (AUC = 0.98, LOOCV = 92%) for CRC, C3 + SAA (AUC = 0.97, LOOCV = 91%) for small cell lung carcinoma and HP + SAA for both adenocarcinoma (AUC = 0.98, LOOCV = 96%) and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (AUC = 0.98, LOOCV = 84%). The high AUC values reported here indicated that these candidate biomarkers have the potential to discriminate accurately between control and cancer groups both individually and in combination with other proteins.