bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RELIABILITY OF DEGREE-DAY INDICES FOR PREDICTING SPRING EMERGENCE OF THE SPOTTED TENTIFORM LEAFMINER, PHYLLONORYCTER BLANCARDELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: GRACILLARIIDAE), IN ONTARIO
Authors: Trimble R. M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe validity of using 40 ± 12 degree-days (DD) above 6.7 °C summed from 1 April for predicting first spring emergence of the spotted tentiform leafminer, Phyllonorycter blancardella (Fabr.), was tested. In Ontario's major apple growing areas from 1978 to 1981, the observed day of first emergence occurred 12–45 days before the predicted day. Reasons for this inaccuracy are discussed.An alternative method, summing DDs from 1 March above a base temperature of 5.5 °C, was also tested using three methods of computation. The number of DDs accumulated to the day of first emergence and to the day of 50% cumulative emergence varied greatly between years at one location and between locations during one year. This variation is likely due to a variable relationship between air temperature and temperature in the leafminer's habitat. It is suggested that a more accurate predictive index could be developed through an understanding of the relationship between habitat temperature and weather factors such as air temperature, insolation, and snow cover.
ASPECTS OF THE BIOLOGY OF FEMALE CHRYSOPS UNIVITTATUS (DIPTERA: TABANIDAE) IN SOUTHWESTERN QUEBEC
Authors: Leprince D. J. , Lewis D.J. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChrysops univittatus Macquart females were more abundant in late July and early August in southwestern Quebec. Dry-ice baited canopy trap collections consisted of 55% (n = 177) of the nulliparous and 77% (n = 91) of the parous females. Incidence of nectar feeding, as determined by cold anthrone test, was 73% (n = 244) and 96% (n = 268) of the females contained sperm; no difference was found between parous and nulliparous females. This species is anautogenous, and only one gonotrophic cycle was recorded following ovary dissection. Number of ovarioles was correlated with body size (as determined by wing length) by linear regression analysis.
A SIMPLE VOLUMETRIC INSTRUMENT TO ESTIMATE BIOMASS OF FLUID-PRESERVED INVERTEBRATES
Authors: Ciborowski Jan J. H. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPlacing preserved animals in the wide arm of a fluid-filled U-shaped open tube provides an accurate linear measure of biomass. Changes in fluid level are monitored by projecting an image of the tube into a dissecting microscope equipped with an ocular micrometer. Precision of the calibration curves is equivalent to length–weight regressions. However, only a single curve need be generated to predict wet weight of many taxa. Separate calibration curves are required to predict dry weights of hard- and soft-bodied taxa. The instrument is not suitable for measuring biomass of living individuals.
CHANGES IN SPRUCE BUDWORM,CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA(LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), BIOMASS IN STANDS TREATED WITH COMMERCIALBACILLUS THURINGIENSISVAR.KURSTAKI
Authors: Morris O. N. , Moore A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractLarval biomass of the spruce bud worm,Choristoneura fumiferana(Clem.), in balsam fir,Abies balsameaL., stands was significantly reduced following aerial applications of commercialBacillus thuringiensis(B.t.) (Thuricide 16B®, 24B and 32BX and Dipel 85®). Treatment with Dipel vehicle (Dipel 88®withoutB.t.) did not affect larval biomass. Biomass reduction following the Thuricide treatment was directly related to feeding activity. These findings support published observations on the long-term effect ofB.t.on budworm populations.
SEASONAL INCIDENCE OF SINGLE AND MULTIPLE PARITY IN MANSONIA PERTURBANS (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE)
Authors: Trueman David W. , McIver Susan B. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractParity of Mansonia perturbans was monitored in Algonquin Park, Ontario from 17 June to 12 August 1981. The first parous individual was recorded on 8 July and parity increased to a plateau of about 60% in late July. The first biparous individual was observed on 30 July and a triparous mosquito was collected on 12 August.
DESCRIPTION OF LARVAE AND ADULTS OF PARAMIDEOPSIS SUSANAE N. GEN., N. SP., WITH REMARKS ON PHYLOGENY AND CLASSIFICATION OF MIDEOPSIDAE (ACARI: PARASITENGONA: ARRENUROIDEA)
Authors: Smith Ian M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractLarvae, and male and female adults, of Paramideopsis susanae n. gen., n. sp. are described. The genus Paramideopsis is proposed and diagnosed based primarily upon the autapomorphic presence of 6 pairs of genital acetabula on plates flanking the gonopore in adults. Possible relationships between P. susanae and other Mideopsidae are discussed.
SECONDARY ATTRACTION IN THE WESTERN BALSAM BARK BEETLE, DRYOCOETES CONFUSUS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)
Authors: Stock A. J. , Borden J. H. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractEvidence for secondary attraction in the western balsam bark beetle, Dryocoetes confusus Swaine, was obtained in laboratory bioassays and field experiments. Both sexes showed positive responses to volatiles of the host tree, Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt., indicating that primary attraction is probably important in host selection by this species. Male beetles initiated attack and within 6 h produced an aggregation pheromone(s), which was present in frass and in pentane extracts of the abdomens of males excised from logs. Both sexes responded to the pheromone. Abdominal extract of unmated males which had bored into host bark for 14 days was still attractive. Pheromone production was induced by exposing males to host resin volatiles. Mating had no effect on male attractiveness, but induced females to produce an antiaggregation pheromone which, in laboratory bioassays, at least partially inhibited response to male attractant. The attractive volatiles from male-infested logs were successfully captured on Porapak Q®. The development of laboratory bioassay and pheromone extraction techniques indicates that a pheromone isolation program is feasible.
A REVISION OF THE NORTH AMERICAN OMALIINAE (COLEOPTERA: STAPHYLINIDAE) THE GENUSOLOPHRUM ERICHSON
Authors: Campbell J. M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe North American species of the genusOlophrumErichson are revised. Seven species are recognized, the holarctic speciesO. latumMäklin,O. borealeGyllenhal,O. consimileGyllenhal, andO. rotundicolleC. R. Sahlberg; the eastern North American speciesO. obtectumErichson, and the new speciesO. cascadeuseknown from northern California and eastern Oregon andO. idahoenseknown from southern Idaho.Lectotypes are designated forO. marginatumMäklin (=O. consimile),O. parvulumMäklin (=O. consimile),O. convexumMäklin (=O. rotundicolle), andO. convexicolleLeConte (=O. rotundicolle). The following new synonymy was established:O. bernhauerianumScheerpeltz,O. recticolleScheerpeltz,O. recticolle curtipenneScheerpeltz are synonyms ofO. consimile;O. quesneliHatch is a synonym ofO. boreale; andO. brevicolleBernhauer is a synonym ofO. latum. All species are described and illustrated with scanning electron photomicrographs and line drawings, five maps showing the North American distribution of each species are provided, and a key is presented to aid in the identification of the species. All available records and biological data for the species are provided.
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT ON SUSCEPTIBILITY OF AEDES EUEDES AND AEDES STIMULANS (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) LARVAE TO TEMEPHOS
Authors: Helson B. V. , Surgeoner G. A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIn laboratory trials, the susceptibility of Aedes euedes Howard, Dyar and Knab and Aedes stimulans (Walker) larvae to temephos (Abate®), was positively correlated with increasing temperature. Early instar larvae were more susceptible than late instars. Susceptibility differed 36 times from the fourth instars at 4 °C (24 h LC50 = 16.92 ppb) to the first instars at 19 °C (24 h LC50 = 0.47 ppb) the extremes of instar and temperature tested. The minimum recommended dosage of temephos (6 ppb) was ca. 9 times the LC90 of first instar A. stimulans and A. euedes at 19 °C. By contrast, the 24 h LC90 of 67.4 ppb for the fourth instar of A. stimulans at 4 °C was ca. 4 times the maximum concentration of temephos (18 ppb) currently recommended for Aedes spp. control. However, in simulated pool studies, satisfactory control of A. stimulans was achieved by 72 h posttreatment at the highest recommended dosage.
NEW SPECIES OF ILLIDOPS AND BRACON (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) OF POTENTIAL USE IN BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
Authors: Wharton Robert A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractTwo new species of Braconidae are described from North America. Illidops terrestris new species was reared from Elasmopalpus lignosellus (Zeller), and is the first described species of Illidops from North America. Bracon compressitarsis new species was reared from the boll weevils Anthonomus grandis Boheman and A. hunteri Burke and Cate. It is distinguished from other braconids previously recorded from boll weevils.
NEW RECORDS OF WINTER STONEFLIES (PLECOPTERA) FROM MANITOBA WITH NOTES ON THEIR ZOOGEOGRAPHICAL ORIGINS
Authors: Flannagan J. F. , Cobb D. G. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractRecent collections (1980–1982) of winter stoneflies in southern Manitoba have resulted in the addition of five previously unrecorded species: Capnia coloradensis Claassen, C. confusa Claassen, Paracapnia angulata Hanson, Skwala parallela (Frison), and Utacapnia trava (Nebeker and Gaufin) to the nine previously recorded species. Eight of the 14 species now known from Manitoba occur in the small spring-fed streams on the east escarpment of the Duck Mountain Provincial Park. The probable zoogeographical origins and present distribution of winter stoneflies in Manitoba are explained in light of various post-glacial drainage patterns. Adults of U. trava were observed, often copulating, on the underside of the ice. They were also observed crawling away from streams with no ice cover to a distance of 50 m.
A REVIEW OF THE ATYLOTUS INSUETUS GROUP FROM WESTERN NORTH AMERICA INCLUDING DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES AND IMMATURE STAGES (DIPTERA: TABANIDAE)
Authors: Teskey H. J. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractDescribed are adults of Atylotus insuetus (Osten Sacken), A. calcar n. sp., A. utahensis (Rowe and Knowlton) and A. tingaureus (Philip) and immature stages of the first two species. The distribution of the four species in western North America is plotted and a key is provided for their separation.
RECOGNITION OFILYBIUS VITTIGER(GYLLENHAL, 1827), NEW COMBINATION, IN NORTH AMERICA (COLEOPTERA: DYTISCIDAE)
Authors: Larson D. J. , Roughley Robert E. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe speciesDytiscus vittigerGyllenhal, 1827 is transferred from the genusAgabusLeachsensu lat. toIlybiusErichson. The species is recorded from the western arctic regions of North America for the first time. A full description of the species and comparisons with other North American members of the genus are provided.
EFFETS SUR LA DERIVE DES INSECTES AQUATIQUES D'UN TRAITEMENT AU TEMEPHOS CONTRE LES LARVES DE MOUSTIQUES DANS LE QUEBEC SUBARCTIQUE
Authors: Back C. , Leblanc A. , Aubin A. 
Published: December 2009

RésuméEn mai 1980, on a étudié pendant 5 j la dérive des insectes aquatiques dans 3 ruisseaux drainant des tourbières traitées au téméphos granulé pour le contrôle des larves de moustiques, à Gagnon (51°52′ N, 68°10′ O) dans le Québec subarctique. Dans les tourbières l'activité résiduelle du téméphos contre les larves de moustiques est passée de 100% à 0% en 5 j. Alors qu'un ruisseau témoin ne montrait aucun changement, la dérive a augmenté en moyenne de 6.4 fois dans les 3 ruisseaux exposés pendant les 3 j suivant l'épandage. L'augmentation de dérive a été significative pour les Plécoptères (11.8 fois), les Ephéméroptères (4.7 fois) et les Diptères (3 fois), mais pas pour les Trichoptères ni les autres insectes. Pour chaque ordre respectivement, cette augmentation est due à Podmosta macdunnoughi (Nemouridae), aux Baetis spp. (Baetidae) et aux Chironomidae. Une analyse en composantes principales distingue les échantillons traités des échantillons avant traitement ou témoins (facteur 1) et groupe les échantillons selon le ruisseau d'origine (facteur 2). Les données montrent que le téméphos, lorsqu'appliqué contre les larves de moustiques dans les tourbières, augmente la dérive des insectes aquatiques dans les ruisseaux drainant celles-ci, et que P. macdunnoughi est particulièrement sensible à cet insecticide or-ganophosphoré.
SEASONAL OCCURRENCE AND CHEMICAL CONTROL OF THE BROMEGRASS SEED MIDGE, CONTARINIA BROMICOLA (DIPTERA: CECIDOMYHDAE), IN SASKATCHEWAN
Authors: Curry P. S. , Knowles R. P. , Waddington J. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPopulations of the bromegrass seed midge, Contarinia bromicola Marikovskiy and Agafonova, were sampled in bromegrass plots in Saskatchewan in the years 1974 to 1980 inclusive. Two peaks of midge adult numbers were observed, the first at bromegrass heading time in early June and the second about 20–25 days later at bromegrass flowering. Parasitism by a species of Tetrastichus (Eulophidae) varied from 30% to 75%. Carbofuran (0.14 kg A.I./ha) or dimethoate (0.56 kg A.I./ha) spray, applied just before emergence of adult midges at flowering time, significantly reduced numbers of midges and parasites resident in the plants in both of two field tests; a second generation of midge larvae, following invasion by midge adults, was significantly reduced by residual treatment effect in only 1 of the 2 years.
ELECTROPHORETIC AND MORPHOLOGICAL SEPARATION OFPROSIMULIUM FUSCUMANDP. MIXTUM LARVAE (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE)
Authors: Snyder T. P. , Linton M. C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractProsimulium fuscumandP. mixtumlarvae and adults may be readily separated on the basis of unique complements of electromorphs at the 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase locus. The species are closely related and share common electromorphs at 10 other polymorphic and monomorphic loci. Numerical analysis of 24 morphological characters from larvae shows cephalic fan ray number and the length of the postgenal bridge plus hypostomium can be used to identify most individuals to species. A possible environmental component in determination of morphotype may prevent correct identification of all larvae. Lack of utility of other characters currently used in keys to separate the species is discussed.
A REVISION OF THE GENUS PROTEAROMYIA MCALPINE (DIPTERA: LONCHAEIDAE)
Authors: McAlpine J. F. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe seven known species including two new species of Protearomyia are described and keyed: obscura (Walker) and mallochi n. sp., from southern Chile; cordillerensis McAlpine, martinia McAlpine and tricopleura n. sp., from temperate North America, and nigra (Meigen) and greciana McAlpine from Europe. Lectotypes are designated for cordillerensis and greciana. Male and female terminalia are figured where possible; female of martinia and male of trichopleura are unknown.
SEASONAL BIOLOGY IN QUEBEC AND PREDICTION OF PHENOLOGY OF THE EUROPEAN SKIPPER,THYMELICUS LINEOLA(LEPIDOPTERA: HESPERIIDAE)
Authors: McNeil Jeremy N. , Stinner Ron E. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA comparison of the seasonal biology ofThymelicus lineolaat Normandin and Joliette, Quebec from 1974 to 1976 showed marked differences between regions for the same year, and within regions for consecutive years. These data together with constant temperature development information were used to develop a predictive phenological model for this insect, which was then validated using independent data sets collected between 1976 and 1981. Good agreement between observed and predicted values were obtained. The usefulness of the model in predicting optimal spraying dates was tested at Amqui and Normandin, Quebec in 1982. Accurate predictions were obtained at least 2 weeks in advance, sufficient for use in a management programme.
BIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF CEUTORHYNCHUS TRIMACULATUS (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE), A THISTLE ROSETTE WEEVIL
Authors: Kok L. T. , McAvoy T. J. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBiological studies were conducted on Ceutorhynchus trimaculatus Fabricius, a weevil imported under quarantine from Italy into the U.S.A. for evaluation of host specificity and potential for control of Carduus thistles. Females reared under day–night temperatures of 21°–10 °C and 9 h photophase oviposited an average of 211.7 eggs over 23.6 wk; the preoviposition period was 19.9 wk. Two oviposition peaks were observed each calendar year, the first from February to April and the second in November. Eggs hatched in 12.4 days with mean viability of 64.2%. There were three larval instars; the mean larval developmental period was 42 days, and the pupal stage averaged 15.5 days. Adult longevity for males was 43.9 wk and for females 43.5 wk.
KEY TO ADULT MALES OF CONIFER-FEEDING SPECIES OF CHORISTONEURA LEDERER (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) IN CANADA AND ALASKA
Authors: Dang P. T. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA key, based on morphological characters of adult males, separating six traditionally recognized conifer-feeding Choristoneura species, C. pinus Freeman, C. lambertiana (Busck), C. fumiferana (Clemens), C. occidentalis Freeman, C. biennis Freeman, and C. orae Freeman occurring in Canada and Alaska is provided and illustrated. The newly discovered morphological features, the aedeagus of C. fumiferana and C. pinus with a short apical spine and with many microscopic spicules on the distal half, are used to separate these two species from their western allies C. occidentalis, C. biennis and.C. orae.
ANNOTATED LIST OFUROLEUCON(UROLEUCON,UROMELAN,SATULA) (HOMOPTERA:APHIDIDAE) OF AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO, WITH KEYS AND DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES
Authors: Robinson A.G. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA key is given for 4 subgenera in the aphid genusUroleuconMordvilko in America north of Mexico. An annotated list and keys are presented for 44 species of the subgenusUroleucon, 12 species of the subgenusUromelanMordvilko, and 1 species of the subgenusSatulaOlive. Nine new species are described in the subgenusUroleucon:Uroleucon (Uroleucon) alaskensen. sp.,U.(U.) arnesensen. sp.,U.(U.)borealen. sp.,U.(U.)chanin. sp.,U.(U.)deltensen. sp.,U.(U.)elephantopicolan. sp.,U.(U.)ivaen. sp.,U.(U.)maximilianicolan. sp., andU.(U.)vancouverensen. sp. Two subspecies,U. (Uromelan)illinisubspeciescrudaeandsangamonense, are listed here merely as color forms ofillini(Hottes and Frison), not subspecies.Uroleucon(Uroleucon)muralisBuckton,U. (Uromelan)compositae(Theobald), andU.(U.)solidaginis(Fabricius) have been listed as present in North America, but there appear to be no authentic records of their occurrence.Uroleucon(Uroleucon)pseudochrysanthemi(Olive) is declared to be a synonym ofU.(U.)lanceolatumPatch, andU. (Uromelan)squarrosum(Sanborn) as anomen dubium.
NON-RANDOM RESORPTION OF OOCYTES IN GRASSHOPPERS (ORTHOPTERA: ACRIDIDAE)
Authors: Bellinger Robert G. , Pienkowski Robert L. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractResorption of terminal oocytes was investigated in 3 species of grasshoppers, Melanoplus femurrubrum femurrubrum (DeGeer), M. scudderi (Uhler), and Hippiscus ocelote (Saussure). Significant differences in percentage resorption were found between species. Anterior ovarioles resorbed terminal oocytes more frequently than ovarioles in the middle and posterior regions of the ovaries. Resorption of terminal oocytes due to differences in relative ovariole age does not appear to be a factor in percentage resorption based on the lengths of developing terminal oocytes. There was no difference in percentage resorption of terminal oocytes between ovaries.
REVISION OF THE NEW WORLD SPECIES OF THE THYANTAE GROUP OF TRISSOLCUS (HYMENOPTERA: SCELIONIDAE)
Authors: Johnson Norman F. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe thyantae group of Trissolcus is characterized by the presence of abundant long setae on the metapleuron. All known New World species occur in the Nearctic, viz. T. thyantae Ashmead (eastern USA and Canada), T. occiduus n. sp. (western USA), T. parma n. sp. (widespread), and T. ruidus n. sp. (Arizona, New Mexico). An identification key is provided and all species are described or redescribed. Data on distributions and hosts (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) are summarized.
PREDISPERSAL SEED PREDATION OF CANADA THISTLE
Authors: Forsyth S.F. , Watson A.K. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPredispersal seed predation of Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. (Asteraceae) by Orellia ruficauda (Fabr.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) occurs in about 20–85% of the seed heads and the proportion of damaged seeds per attacked head averages 20–80% depending on geographical location and sampling date. Microscopic studies of damaged seeds were performed. Although the impact of this seed predator is not severe, it may be an important factor in the population regulation of the weed.
PEST MANAGEMENT OF DOUGLAS-FIR TUSSOCK MOTH: ESTIMATING LARVAL DENSITY BY SEQUENTIAL SAMPLING
Authors: Shepherd R.F. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA sequential sampling system for early-instar Douglas-fir tussock moth larvae based on beating 3 lower branches from each of a number of trees is described. The relationship between lower- and mid-crown insect densities is given. The number of samples required to assess moderate insect densities using a fixed level of precision and at low insect densities using a critical density level is presented. The system is designed to be used during the early stages of an outbreak in stands not previously defoliated.
DRAGONFLIES (ODONATA) OF CYPRESS HILLS PROVINCIAL PARK, ALBERTA AND THEIR BIOGEOGRAPHIC SIGNIFICANCE
Authors: Hilton Donald F.J. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe Cypress Hills consist of a hilly elongate plateau straddling the Alberta–Saskatchewan border. They are mostly covered in a foothills-type vegetation but are surrounded by short-grass prairie and lie about 250 km east of the Rocky Mountain foothills. The upper 95 m remained unglaciated as a nunatak during the Wisconsinan glaciation. Dragonflies were collected at various times during May–August in 1982–1984 at 24 localities in Cypress Hills Provincial Park, Alberta. Thirty-one species were obtained, 3 of which (Aeshna multicolor,Gomphus graslinellus, andLibellula pulchella) are new records for Alberta. The dragonfly fauna of the Cypress Hills consists of species with the following Canadian distributions: 22 transcontinental (13 boreal, 7 southern, and 2 widespread), 4 southwestern, 2 western boreal–northwestern, 2 cordilleran, and 1 primarily prairie. An analysis of this fauna indicates that, following northward retreat of the glaciers, 22% of the present species came from cordilleran regions and 42% were derived from the boreal fauna. This corroborates the boreo–montane forest connection that is considered to have extended along the retreating ice front before the climate became too warm and resulted in the forest being replaced by grassland.
COMPARISON OF SILHOUETTE, STICKY, AND SUCTION TRAPS WITH AND WITHOUT DRY-ICE BAIT FOR SAMPLING BLACK FLIES (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE) IN CENTRAL ALBERTA
Authors: Shipp J. L. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIn 1982 and 1983, silhouette traps, sticky traps, and suction traps with and without dry-ice bait were evaluated for sampling populations of black flies that are pests of cattle in central Alberta. The dry-ice-baited silhouette trap was the most effective. The black-fly species collected were Simulium arcticum, S. aureum, S. decorum, S. meridionale, S. tuberosum, S. venustum, S. verecundum, S. vernum, and S. vittatum. Approximately 80% of the black flies collected each year were S. arcticum, the primary pest species of cattle in Alberta.