bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Power resources of older people in Iran
Authors: Ravanipour Maryam , Salehi Shayesteh , Taleghani Fariba , Abedi Heidar Ali , Ishaghi Sayed Reza , Schuurmans Marieke J. , de Jong Anneke 
Published: June 2012

Background.  Maximising the client’s power resources facilitates their ability to cope with chronic illness. Nurses must be well informed about power resources and feelings of empowerment among older people.Aim.  This article reports on a study exploring power resources in daily life from the perspective of older people in Iran.Design.  A qualitative content analysis study was conducted. The participants were selected from older community dwellers in Iran using in‐depth, semi‐structured interviews to understand their experiences with power resources.Results.  Power in older people in Iran is represented by four dimensions: spiritual, intellectual, social and physical. Each power dimension can be divided into intrinsic and extrinsic modes.Conclusion.  By maximising older people’s power in intellectual, social and especially in spiritual resources, the effect of the loss of physical power, with its deteriorative or depressogenic effect on older people’s sense of power and well‐being can be compensated for. It is recommended that nurses should plan their interventions to enhance older people’s power, especially their spiritual power.Implications for practice.  Different models of empowering older people should be explored in Iranian nursing care delivery.
Origin and Metamorphism of Corundum‐Rich Metabauxites at Mt. Ismail in the Southern Menderes Massif, SW Turkey
Authors: AYDOĞAN M Selman , MOAZZEN Mohssen 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe corundum‐rich metabauxites, found at the northwest limb of an NE–SW‐trending isoclinal recumbent fold at Mt. Ismail, are enclosed in thick‐bedded platform‐type marbles of Late Cretaceous age, surrounding the polymetamorphic core series in the southern part of the Menderes Massif (SW Turkey). The metabauxite horizons observed as typically boudine‐like structure, extend laterally over c. 3 km and are 1 to 5 m thick. These rocks have dominant mineral assemblages of corundum (∼50 modal %), chloritoid (∼30 modal %), white mica (margarite, muscovite), diaspore, Fe–Ti‐Oxides (ilmenite, ilmenohematite, rutile), and goethite, limonite, pyrite, tourmaline (uvite, schorl) as minor phases. Chemical analyses of whole rock samples and the mineral assemblage indicate that coexisting minerals of metabauxites are highly aluminous. A number of minerals (e.g. chloritoid and margarite) display a large compositional variation reflecting the initial chemical inhomogenetiy of the karstbauxites. The field observations, trace‐element accumulation coefficients, concentration of elements such as Cr, Zr, Ga and Ni and low amounts of immobile elements all suggest that the studied corundum‐rich metabauxites can be classified as karstbauxites, and are more likely to be a product of weathering of intermediate igneous or argillaceous parental rocks, similar to the karstic Tauric bauxites in the Central Taurides (Seydi şehir region) and probably are similar in age (Cenomanian–Turonian). In respect of tectono‐metamorphic evolution, the studied corundum‐rich metabauxites were regionally metamorphosed at ∼5–6 kbar pressure and 500–600°C as a consequence of the Barrovian metamorphism referred to as the ‘Main Menderes Metamorphism’ related to the ophiolitic obduction onto the Menderes platform from the Izmir–Ankara Suture during the Middle Eocene.
U–Pb Zircon Age Constraining the Source and Provenance of Gem‐Bearing Late Cenozoic Detrital Deposits, Mamfe Basin, SW Cameroon
Authors: KANOUO Nguo Sylvestre , ZAW Khin , YONGUE Rose Fouateu , SUTHERLAND Frederick Lin , MEFFRE Sebastien , NJONFANG Emmanuel , MA Changqian , TCHOUATCHA Milan Stafford 
Published: June 2012

AbstractZircons and other heavy minerals (corundum, rutile, ilmenite, magnetite, sillimanite) are identified in the Nsanaragati gem corundum placer deposit, in the western part of the Mamfe sedimentary basin, SW Cameroon. These alluvial minerals have different morphological characteristics and zircons, in particular, vary mostly in colour and shape. They are reddish, brownish, yellowish, pink or colourless. These minerals form rounded and sub‐rounded alluvial grains, prismatic, pyramidal or dipyramidal crystals. Reddish zircons retain their original crystallographic shape. Trace element and U–Pb isotopic geochemical analyses of these reddish zircons, using the LA‐ICP‐MS method give significant Hf (4576–6334 ppm), Th (46–1565 ppm) and U (66–687 ppm) contents, with Th/U ratio ranging from 0.6 to 3.0. The206Pb/238U corrected mean age gave 12.39 ± 0.55 Ma, which characterizes an Upper Cenozoic (Serravallian) magmatic event. The zircons are probably sourced from a magmatic field in the South eastern boundary of the Cross River Formation. The Cameroon Volcanic Line of basaltic and alkaline lavas and intrusions which lie east of the Mamfe Basin mostly range in age from 37 Ma to <1 Ma. The zircons may also relate to the Mount Bambouto plateau lavas which lie northeast of the Mamfe sedimentary basin and have an eruptive age range of 21–14 Ma. The oldest Nsanaragati reddish zircon ages overlap within error with the end stages of the Bambouto eruptions. This eruptive or a related episode provides a potential source for megacrystic reddish zircons within the Nsanagarati placer deposit.
MBX-500, a Hybrid Antibiotic with
In Vitro
and
In Vivo
Efficacy against Toxigenic Clostridium difficile
Authors: Butler Michelle M. , Shinabarger Dean L. , Citron Diane M. , Kelly Ciarán P. , Dvoskin Sofya , Wright George E. , Feng Hanping , Tzipori Saul , Bowlin Terry L. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

Clostridium difficile
infection (CDI) causes moderate to severe disease, resulting in diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. CDI is difficult to treat due to production of inflammation-inducing toxins, resistance development, and high probability of recurrence. Only two antibiotics are approved for the treatment of CDI, and the pipeline for therapeutic agents contains few new drugs. MBX-500 is a hybrid antibacterial, composed of an anilinouracil DNA polymerase inhibitor linked to a fluoroquinolone DNA gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitor, with potential as a new therapeutic for CDI treatment. Since MBX-500 inhibits three bacterial targets, it has been previously shown to be minimally susceptible to resistance development. In the present study, the
in vitro
and
in vivo
efficacies of MBX-500 were explored against the Gram-positive anaerobe,
C. difficile
. MBX-500 displayed potency across nearly 50 isolates, including those of the fluoroquinolone-resistant, toxin-overproducing NAP1/027 ribotype, performing as well as comparator antibiotics vancomycin and metronidazole. Furthermore, MBX-500 was a narrow-spectrum agent, displaying poor activity against many other gut anaerobes. MBX-500 was active in acute and recurrent infections in a toxigenic hamster model of CDI, exhibiting full protection against acute infections and prevention of recurrence in 70% of the animals. Hamsters treated with MBX-500 displayed significantly greater weight gain than did those treated with vancomycin. Finally, MBX-500 was efficacious in a murine model of CDI, again demonstrating a fully protective effect and permitting near-normal weight gain in the treated animals. These selective anti-CDI features support the further development of MBX 500 for the treatment of CDI.
Genome Sequence of the Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strain NCCP15657
Authors: Kim Byung Kwon , Song Geun Cheol , Hong Gun Hyong , Seong Won-Keun , Kim Seon-Young , Jeong Haeyoung , Kang Sung Gyun , Kwon Soon-Kyeong , Lee Choong Hoon , Song Ju Yeon , Yu Dong Su , Park Mi-Sun , Cho Seung-Hak , Kim Jihyun F. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

Shiga toxin-producing
Escherichia coli
causes bloody diarrhea and hemolytic-uremic syndrome and serious outbreaks worldwide. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
E. coli
NCCP15657 isolated from a patient. The genome has virulence genes, many in the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) island, encoding a metalloprotease, the Shiga toxin, and constituents of type III secretion.
Genome Sequence of an Oligohaline Hyperthermophilic Archaeon, Thermococcus zilligii AN1, Isolated from a Terrestrial Geothermal Freshwater Spring
Authors: Kim Byung Kwon , Lee Seong Hyuk , Kim Seon-Young , Jeong Haeyoung , Kwon Soon-Kyeong , Lee Choong Hoon , Song Ju Yeon , Yu Dong Su , Kang Sung Gyun , Kim Jihyun F. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

Thermococcus zilligii
, a thermophilic anaerobe in freshwater, is useful for physiological research and biotechnological applications. Here we report the high-quality draft genome sequence of
T. zilligii
AN1
T
. The genome contains a number of genes for an immune system and adaptation to a microbial biomass-rich environment as well as hydrogenase genes.
Genome Sequence of the Unclassified Marine Gammaproteobacterium BDW918
Authors: Kim Suk Min , Cho Sun Ja , Lee Sun Bok 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT
The unclassified marine gammaproteobacterium BDW918, which utilizes volatile fatty acids but not most common carbohydrates and amino acids, was isolated from Dokdo seawater in South Korea. Here we present a draft genome of the strain BDW918, which encodes many putative genes related to fatty acid metabolism and aromatic hydrocarbon degradation.
In vitro and in silico study of intracranial stent treatments for cerebral aneurysms: effects on perforating vessel flows
Authors: Roszelle Breigh Nonte , Babiker M Haithem , Hafner Walter , Gonzalez L Fernando , Albuquerque Felipe C , Frakes David H 
Published: June 2012

BackgroundMany cerebral aneurysms can be treated effectively with intracranial stents. Unfortunately, stents can occlude perforating vessels near the treatment site which can decrease cerebral perfusion and increase the risk of stroke.MethodsParticle image velocimetry was used to investigate the effects of intracranial stents on flows in perforators near a treated aneurysm. In Phase 1 of the study, different stent configurations were deployed into an idealized physical model of a sidewall aneurysm with perforating vessels. The configurations investigated were the Pipeline embolization device (PED) and one, two and three telescoping Neuroform stents. In Phase 2 of the study a single Neuroform stent was deployed so that the stent struts directly occluded the perforating vessel.ResultsIn Phase 1 of the study it was found that even three telescoping stents affected perforating vessel flow less than a single PED under pulsatile conditions (average reduction 32.7% vs 46.5%). Results from Phase 2 indicated that the location of the occluding strut across the perforating vessel orifice had a greater impact on perforating vessel flow than the percentage occlusion.ConclusionThe findings of this study show that the use, configuration and positioning of intracranial stents can all have considerable influence on flow in affected perforating vessels near treated cerebral aneurysms.
Induction of antimicrobial peptides fromRana dybowskiiunder Rana grylio virus stress, and bioactivity analysis
Authors: Yang Shu-Jing , Xiao Xiang-Hong , Xu Yi-Gang , Li Dan-Dan , Chai Long-Hui , Zhang Jing-Yu 
Published: June 2012

The skin glands of Ranidae are a rich source of antimicrobial peptides. In this study, the genomic RNA of Rana dybowskii was extracted from its skin while under Rana grylio virus stress. Five new cDNA sequences encoding 5 mature peptides, Ranatuerin-2YJ (GLMDIFKVAVNKLLAAGMNKPRCKAAHC), Dybowskin-YJb (IIPLPLGYFAKKP), Dybowskin-YJa (IIPLPLGYFAKKKKKKDPVPLDQ), Temperin-YJa (VLPLLETCSMTCWENNQTFGK), and Temperin-YJb (VLPLVGNLLNDLLGK), were obtained by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction with a pair of degenerate primers designed according to the conserved terminal sequences of cDNA encoding antimicrobial peptide precursors of genus Rana. The antimicrobial activities of the peptides were analyzed, and the results demonstrated that all these peptides showed a significant anti-Rana grylio virus activity, and the virus was gradually cleared with the increase in gene expression. Among the 5 peptides obtained in this work, Ranatuerin-2YJ also showed a broad-spectrum anti-Gram-positive bacteria and anti-Gram-negative bacteria activity with a minimal inhibitory concentration of 22.5 µg/mL and 7.64% hemolysis activity, both of which were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than that of the other peptides. Moreover, Ranatuerin-2YJ was widely distributed in the skin, liver, spleen, and blood of R. dybowskii, while the other 4 peptides could only be cloned from the skin, indicating that the Ranatuerin-2YJ in vivo plays an important role in the protection against pathogen invasion.
Characterization of 4 T1-like lytic bacteriophages that lyse Shiga-toxin Escherichia coli O157:H7
Authors: Niu Yan D. , Stanford Kim , Ackermann Hans-W. , McAllister Tim A. 
Published: June 2012

Bacteriophages are associated with reduced fecal shedding of Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 (STEC O157:H7) in cattle. Four phages exhibiting activity against 12 of 14 STEC O157:H7 strains, representing 11 common phage types, were isolated. Phages did not lyse non-O157 E. coli, with 11 of the 12 STEC strains exhibiting extreme susceptibility (average multiplicity of infection (MOI) = 0.0003−0.0007). All phages had icosahedral heads with tapered, noncontractile tails, a morphology indicative of T1-like Siphoviridae. Genome size of all phages was ∼44 kb, but EcoRІ or HindIII digestion profiles differed among phages. Based on restriction enzyme digestion profiles, phages AHP24, AHS24, and AHP42 were more related (66.7%−82.4%) to each other than to AKS96, while AHP24 and AHS24, isolated from the same feedlot pen, exhibited the highest identity (88.9%−92.3%). Phages AHP24 and AHS24 exhibited the broadest host range and strongest lytic activity against STEC O157:H7, making them strong candidates for biocontrol of this bacterium in cattle.
OT1-03-01: A Randomized Phase III Clinical Trial of Standard Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy +/− Chemotherapy in Patients (pts) with 1–3 Positive Nodes, Hormone Receptor (HR)-Positive and HER2−Negative Breast Cancer with Recurrence Score (RS) of 25 or Less: SWOG S1007.
Authors: Gonzalez-Angulo AM , Barlow WE , Gralow JR , Meric-Bernstam F , Hayes DF , Moinpour CM , Ramsey SD , Schott AF , Sparks DB , Albain KS , Hortobagyi GN 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Background
Multi-gene tumor assays have provided clinically useful prognostic information for pts with HR receptor and node-positive breast cancer. The 21-gene RS was shown to be prognostic for pts treated with tamoxifen alone, and exploratory studies suggested that it may be predictive of benefit from chemotherapy. In retrospective analyses from SWOG S8814, pts with low RS appeared to get no benefit from adjuvant CAF chemotherapy, while those with higher RS did. These retrospective data require validation, especially since more modern chemotherapy might be more effective than the regimen used in S8814.
Specific Aims/Trial Design: In January 2011, SWOG activated a phase III randomized clinical trial (registration number NCT01272037) to test the efficacy of using modern chemotherapy regimens in node positive pts with low RS, whose prognosis is still moderately poor but may not benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy based on tumor biology predicted by the RS value. The trial is similar to the Tailor RX study, but focuses on a node-positive population with low and intermediate RS.
Eligibility Criteria: Pts with 1 to 3 positive lymph nodes, HR-positive and HER2−negative invasive breast cancer with RS ≤ 25 are eligible for randomization. Pts will be informed of their RS.
Target and Present Accrual: Approximately 9400 patients will be screened to randomize 4000, stratified by RS (0-13 vs. 14–25), menopausal status, and axillary surgery (sentinel node vs. complete dissection); 46 are presently registered.
Statistical Methods: The trial is powered to find a significant interaction of treatment assignment and the continuous RS value and, subsequently, derive a cut point for using the assay to guide treatment decisions. Pts who consent to screening are required to consent to banking of the tumor tissue and blood for further studies. Patient Reported Outcomes will be collected pre, post-screening and post-randomization. The study also has a cost-effectiveness analysis.
Funding: Supported in part by National Cancer Institute grants CA32102 & CA38926, and in part by the Susan G. Komen for the Cure® Research Program, and the Breast Cancer Research Foundation.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr OT1-03-01.
OT3-01-05: PARP Inhibition after Preoperative Chemotherapy in Patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) or Known BRCA 1/2 Mutations: Hoosier Oncology Group BRE09-146.
Authors: Miller KD , Perkins SM , Badve SS , Sledge GW , Schneider BP 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Background
Based on recently reported I-SPY trial, TNBC patients who had residual disease category II or III had 2-year disease free survival (DFS) of only ∼40% (J Clin Oncol 2009;27:18s). Currently, no standard systemic therapy exists for this high-risk group. It represents a real opportunity to explore the potential impact of novel therapies. Recent laboratory and early clinical studies (Nature 2005;434:913) identified a unique sensitivity to DNA-damaging chemotherapy and PARP inhibition. We initiated a randomized phase II trial of DNA-damaging chemotherapy (cisplatin) or PARP-inhibition + cisplatin in TNBC patients with substantial residual invasive disease after standard anthracycline and/or taxane containing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Methods: To ensure a high-risk population, patients must have residual disease category 0–2 based on the Miller-Payne classification system, residual cancer burden classification II or III, residual lymph node involvement, or at least 2 cm of residual invasive disease in the breast. After completion of standard radiation therapy (when indicated), patients are randomized 1:1 to cisplatin (75 mg/M2 IV Day 1 every 3 weeks x 4 cycles) alone or in combination with PARP inhibition (PF-01367338 — 24 mg IV D1, 2, 3 of each 3 week cycle with a single dose escalation to 30 mg in the absence of significant toxicity in cycle 1 followed by maintenance PARP inhibition weekly x 24 weeks). The primary objective is 2-year DFS. To detect an improvement in 2-year DFS from 40% with cisplatin alone to 63.2% in the cisplatin + PF-01367338 arm (corresponding to HR=0.5), with 80% power using a one-side log-rank test with 0.10 level of significance, 102 patients are required in the primary analysis. Secondary objectives include safety, 1-year DFS, overall survival, and biomarkers of tumor recurrence, resistance to chemotherapy and/or PARP inhibition. Two dose escalation safety cohorts (N=13) were completed without dose limiting toxicity; the randomized portion began enrolment in 11/2010 has enrolled 20 patients as of 05/2011.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr OT3-01-05.
P1-01-06: Mechanisms of Tumor Immune Escape in Triplenegative Breast Cancers (TNBC) with and without Mutated BRCA 1.
Authors: Segerer SE , Kapp M , Hahne JC , Dietl J , Engel JB 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Background
Triplenegative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with a dismal prognosis, although these tumors are chemosensitive. This phenomenon could be at least in part due to tumor immune escape. The current study investigates the host's immune response to TNBC cells and explores the presence of immunesuppressive factors, such as pAKT-expression and infiltration with FoxP3 positive regulatory T-cells (Tregs), in human TNBC samples.
Material and Methods: NK-cell induced lysis of tumor cells was evaluated in human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 (ER/PR pos.), HCC 1937 (triplenegative, BRCA 1 mutated) and HCC 1806 (triplenegative). Expression of pAKT and infiltration with Tregs was determined by immunehistochemistry and evaluated semiquantatitavely (0 no expression- 3 strong expression). Control groups consisted of: Fibroadenoma (N=6), prohpyhlactic mastectomy (BRCA 1 mutated, N=3), ER/PR + breast cancer (N=13). They were compared with triplenegative breast cancers: N = 9 BRCA wildtype and N = 6 BRCA 1 mutated.
Results: At an effector target/target-ratio of 10/1 NK-cell induced lysis in HCC 1937 and HCC 1806 was 2.27 and 4.45 increased, respectively, as compared to MCF 7 cells. No infiltration with Tregs was detected in fibroadenoma and prophylactic mastectomy samples. Infiltration with FoxP3-positive Tregs was 0.92 +/− 0.75 in ER/PR+ breast cancers and 2.66 +/−0.5 (p&lt;0.05) in TNBC and 2.16 +/−0.98 (p&lt;0.05) in TNBC with BRCA mutation, respectively. Expression of pAKT was 1.45 +/− 1.29 in ER/PR + breast cancers and 1.77 +/−1.20 in TNBC and 2.66 +/−0.51 (p&lt;0.05) TNBC/with BRCA mutation.
Discussion: TNBC cells stimulated the NK-cell response to a stronger extent than did ER-positive MCF 7 cells mirrored by a more pronounced NK-cell- induced lysis. Thus, the observed stronger infiltration with FoxP3-positive Tregs in TNBC tumor samples could reflect a compensatory mechanism to suppress the host's immune response. In other tumor entities, such as ovarian cancer infiltration with Tregs is associated with a worse overall survival (1). Thus, the significantly increased infiltration with Tregs, could suggest that the worse prognosis of TNBC is due to tumor immune escape and further investigation of immunemodulatory therapeutic strategies in TNBC could prove fruitful.
(1) Specific recruitment of regulatory T cells in ovarian carcinoma fosters immune privilege and predicts reduced survival.
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Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-01-06.