bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The fraction of recombinant factor VIII:Ag unable to bind von Willebrand factor has no FVIII coagulant activity: studies in vitro
Authors: Ofosu F. A. , Tse H. , Naqvi A. , Bhakta H. , Song Y. 
Published: June 2012

SummaryA fraction of FVIII:Ag in commercial recombinant FVIII (rFVIII) cannot bind VWF whereas all the FVIII:Ag in plasma‐derived FVIII (pd‐FVIII) concentrates does. To compare the FVIII:C activities of the fractions of rFVIII:Ag that can and cannot bind VWF. The FVIII:Ag contents of the rFVIII Kogenate, and Advate and a pd‐FVIII‐pd‐VWF (Fanhdi) were measured by ELISA. The FX activation was initiated by adding 1.0 IU of FVIII:C of each FVIII‐containing product to a coagulant phospholipids suspension containing 1.0 nm FIXa, 100 nm FX, 1 μm hirudin and 2 mm calcium chloride and measured after 1, 5 and 10 min. The same approach was followed after adding 2.0 IU of pd‐VWF to1.0 IU of FVIII:C of Kogenate or Advate. The FVIII:Ag content/IU of FVIII:C of Kogenate, Advate and Fanhdi were 1.80 ± 0.05, 1.31 ± 0.9 and 0.84 ± 1.5 IU respectively. Only Kogenate and Advate effectively enhanced FX activation 1 min after adding each FVIII:C to the coagulant suspension containing FIXa and FX. Thus, the FXa initially generated by FIXa readily activated FVIII:C in control Kogenate and Advate to thereby effectively enhance FX activation while the VWF in Fanhdi continued to suppress FX activation for up to 10 min. Addition of pd‐VWF to Kogenate or Advate effectively decreased their enhancements of FX activation to the same level as Fanhdi over 10 min. The FVIII:Ag fraction in Kogenate and Advate that cannot bind VWF appears to be inactive as it has no measureable FVIII:C activity in the presence of added VWF in vitro.
Bone histomorphometry using free and commonly available software
Authors: Egan Kevin P , Brennan Tracy A , Pignolo Robert J 
Published: June 2012

Egan K P, Brennan T A & Pignolo R J  (2012) Histopathology Bone histomorphometry using free and commonly available softwareAims:  Histomorphometric analysis is a widely used technique to assess changes in tissue structure and function. Commercially available programs that measure histomorphometric parameters can be cost‐prohibitive. In this study, we compared an inexpensive method of histomorphometry to a current proprietary software program.Methods and results:  Image J and Adobe Photoshop® were used to measure static and kinetic bone histomorphometric parameters. Photomicrographs of Goldner’s trichrome‐stained femurs were used to generate black‐and‐white image masks, representing bone and non‐bone tissue, respectively, in Adobe Photoshop®. The masks were used to quantify histomorphometric parameters (bone volume, tissue volume, osteoid volume, mineralizing surface and interlabel width) in Image J. The resultant values obtained using Image J and the proprietary software were compared and differences found to be statistically non‐significant.Conclusions:  The wide‐ranging use of histomorphometric analysis for assessing the basic morphology of tissue components makes it important to have affordable and accurate measurement options available for a diverse range of applications. Here we have developed and validated an approach to histomorphometry using commonly and freely available software that is comparable to a much more costly, commercially available software program.
β‐Catenin and E‐cadherin expression in stage I adult‐type granulosa cell tumour of the ovary: correlation with tumour morphology and clinical outcome
Authors: Stewart Colin J R , Doherty Dorota , Guppy Rowan , Louwen Katherine , Leung Yee C 
Published: June 2012

Aims:  To study E‐cadherin and β‐catenin expression in stage I adult‐type granulosa cell tumours (AGCTs) and correlate the findings with tumour morphology and clinical outcome.Methods and results:  The study group comprised 62 FIGO stage I AGCTs, including 48 stage IA and 14 stage IC cases. Fifty patients (80.6%) had negative clinical follow‐up over periods from 3.0 to 19.2 years (median 6.4 years), and 12 patients (19.4%) developed metastases at intervals of 3.6–16.2 years (median 8.6 years). β‐Catenin and E‐cadherin were expressed in 62 (100%) and 53 (85%) primary tumours, respectively, and staining was more consistent and intense in areas showing sex cord‐like morphology. In contrast, diffuse tumour areas often showed weak or moderate staining (β‐catenin) or were negative (E‐cadherin), and there was reduced expression of both proteins in luteinized cells. Reduced β‐catenin expression in primary tumours correlated with increased risk of recurrence (P = 0.002) and a shorter time interval to recurrence, whereas there was no correlation between E‐cadherin staining and the risk of metastases.Conclusions:  Localized variations in adhesion protein expression may partly explain the diverse morphological patterns exhibited by AGCT, and reduced β‐catenin staining in primary tumours may have value as an adverse prognostic factor.
Large‐scale bone mineral histomorphometry – report of a simplified technique
Authors: Karantzoulis Vasilis , Liapi Charis , Papaggelopoulos Panagiotis 
Published: June 2012

Karantzoulis V, Liapi C & Papaggelopoulos P  (2012) Histopathology Large‐scale bone mineral histomorphometry – report of a simplified techniqueAims:  The aim of this study was the development of a simplified technique for bone mineral histomorphology on large undecalcified bone samples. Established techniques, such as undecalcified bone thin sectioning, ultrathin grinding, surface‐stained block grinding and micro‐computerized tomography (CT), are expensive, time‐consuming and put very high demands on equipment, safety standards, personnel and laboratory facilities.Methods and results:  The method is based on the surface‐stained block‐grinding principle; however, its novelty lies in the selection of user‐friendly, safe and low‐cost materials, equipment and digitization techniques. We describe in detail the relevant steps, as well as many practical tips for their successful implementation: accurate bone cutting in thin sections with a customized arrangement on a commercial bandsaw, defatting with sodium hypochlorite, embedding in epoxy resin blocks at room temperature, silicon carbide paper grinding, von Kossa staining, flatbed scanner digitization and image processing.Conclusion:  We believe that the proposed methodology could contribute to the expansion of the study of bone tissue, as it enables the rapid examination of bone specimens on a large scale with minimal laboratory requirements and consumables costs.
Current concepts in hypophosphatasia: case report and literature review
Authors: HOLLIS AMY , ARUNDEL PAUL , HIGH ALEC , BALMER RICHARD 
Published: June 2012

International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 2013; 23: 153–159
Background.  Hypophosphatasia (HP) is characterized by defective mineralization of bone and teeth because of deficient alkaline phosphatase activity. There are generally six recognized clinical forms, of which the most severe is often lethal prenatally or early in life. In milder forms, such as odontohypophosphatasia (OHP), premature exfoliation of primary teeth may be the only clinical manifestation.Case Report.  A 20‐month‐old girl was referred to the Specialist Paediatric Salaried Dental Service within the Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust with mobility of tooth numbers 71 and 81. Clinical examination revealed grade III mobile 71 and 81, with minimal gingival inflammation and plaque deposits. There were no other dental findings and no significant medical history. Tooth numbers 71 and 81 exfoliated prematurely with no evidence of root resorption, shortly after presentation. Haematological and urinary investigations showed no abnormalities. Histological examination showed a complete absence of cementum. A diagnosis of OHP was made. After 10 months of dental follow‐up, no further teeth have increased mobility.Conclusion.  Odontohypophosphatasia should be included as a differential diagnosis in children presenting with early loss of primary teeth. The dentist may be the first health care professional to whom the patient presents.
Information‐searching behaviors of main and allied health professionals: a nationwide survey in Taiwan
Authors: Weng Yi‐Hao , Kuo Ken N. , Yang Chun‐Yuh , Lo Heng‐Lien , Shih Ya‐Hui , Chiu Ya‐Wen 
Published: June 2012

AbstractRationale, aims and objectives  There are a variety of resources to obtain health information, but few studies have examined if main and allied health professionals prefer different methods. The current study was to investigate their information‐searching behaviours.Methods  A constructed questionnaire survey was conducted from January through April 2011 in nationwide regional hospitals of Taiwan. Questionnaires were mailed to main professionals (physicians and nurses) and allied professionals (pharmacists, physical therapists, technicians and others), with 6160 valid returns collected.Results  Among all professional groups, the most commonly used resource for seeking health information was a Web portal, followed by colleague consultations and continuing education. Physicians more often accessed Internet‐based professional resources (online databases, electronic journals and electronic books) than the other groups (P < 0.05). In contrast, physical therapists more often accessed printed resources (printed journals and textbooks) than the other specialists (P < 0.05). And nurses, physical therapists and technicians more often asked colleagues and used continuing education than the other groups (P < 0.01). The most commonly used online database was Micromedex for pharmacists and MEDLINE for physicians, technicians and physical therapists. Nurses more often accessed Chinese‐language databases rather than English‐language databases (P < 0.001).Conclusions  This national survey depicts the information‐searching pattern of various health professionals. There were significant differences between and within main and allied health professionals in their information searching. The data provide clinical implications for strategies to promote the accessing of evidence‐based information.
Impact of eLearning course on nurses' professional competence in seclusion and restraint practices: 9‐month follow‐up results of a randomized controlled study (ISRCTN32869544)
Authors: KONTIO R. , HÄTÖNEN H. , JOFFE G. , PITKÄNEN A. , LAHTI M. , VÄLIMÄKI M. 
Published: June 2012

Accessible summary
eLearning may facilitate continuing vocational education, but data on the long‐term effects of eLearning course are lacking.
The aim of this study was to explore the long‐term impact of an eLearning course entitled ePsychNurse.Net on psychiatric nurses' professional competence in seclusion and restraint and on their job satisfaction and general self‐efficacy on the 9‐month follow‐up.
The results of 9‐month follow‐up showed that in its current form the ePsychNurse.Net (run 2009) did not boost short‐, nor long‐term competence – at least with the outcome measures used. The ePsychNurse.Net should be further developed and its future modifications will require additional studies, probably with some new outcome measures.
AbstracteLearning may facilitate continuing vocational education, but data on the long‐term effects of an eLearning course are lacking. The aim of this study was to explore the long‐term impact of an eLearning course entitled ePsychNurse.Net on psychiatric nurses' professional competence in practicing seclusion and restraint and on their job satisfaction and general self‐efficacy at 9‐month follow‐up. In a randomized controlled study, 12 wards were randomly assigned to the ePsychNurse.Net (intervention) or training as usual (control). Baseline and 9‐month follow‐up data on nurses' knowledge of coercion‐related legislation, physical restraint and seclusion, their attitudes towards physical restraint and seclusion, job satisfaction and general self‐efficacy were analysed for 137 completers (those who participated in the 9‐month follow‐up assessment). No between‐group differences were found on any variable, with the exception of a change in attitude to seclusion in favour of the control group. The findings of the long‐term effects did not differ from the immediate outcomes (3‐month follow‐up) and the improved level of knowledge acquired and further consolidation of that knowledge did not take place in the 6‐month period after the 3‐month ePsychNurse.Net course. The ePsychNurse.Net should be further developed and its future modifications will require additional studies, probably with some new outcome measures.
The dynamic nature of bud dormancy in trees: environmental control and molecular mechanisms
Authors: COOKE JANICE E. K. , ERIKSSON MARIA E. , JUNTTILA OLAVI 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTIn tree species native to temperate and boreal regions, the activity‐dormancy cycle is an important adaptive trait both for survival and growth. We discuss recent research on mechanisms controlling the overlapping developmental processes that define the activity‐dormancy cycle, including cessation of apical growth, bud development, induction, maintenance and release of dormancy, and bud burst. The cycle involves an extensive reconfiguration of metabolism. Environmental control of the activity‐dormancy cycle is based on perception of photoperiodic and temperature signals, reflecting adaptation to prevailing climatic conditions. Several molecular actors for control of growth cessation have been identified, with the CO/FT regulatory network and circadian clock having important coordinating roles in control of growth and dormancy. Other candidate regulators of bud set, dormancy and bud burst have been identified, such as dormancy‐associated MADS‐box factors, but their exact roles remain to be discovered. Epigenetic mechanisms also appear to factor in control of the activity‐dormancy cycle. Despite evidence for gibberellins as negative regulators in growth cessation, and ABA and ethylene in bud formation, understanding of the roles that plant growth regulators play in controlling the activity‐dormancy cycle is still very fragmentary. Finally, some of the challenges for further research in bud dormancy are discussed.
Atopic dermatitis: a candidate for disease‐modifying strategy
Authors: Bieber T. , Cork M. , Reitamo S. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe concept of disease modification has been introduced to define the therapeutic strategies aimed to break, stop, or reverse the natural course of a chronic invalidating disease. This strategy is tightly related to the biomarker‐based stratification of affected patients using genetic and other biological markers. With regard to the progress in understanding the genetic background of atopic dermatitis (AD), its natural history and its pivotal role in the emergence of allergic asthma, the time is mature to foster the research field of biomarkers in AD and to consider the elaboration of disease‐modifying strategies in the management of AD with the goal to stop or even reverse the atopic march.
T cells producing the anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10 regulate allergen‐specific Th2 responses in human airways
Authors: Faith A. , Singh N. , Farooque S. , Dimeloe S. , Richards D. F. , Lu H. , Roberts D. , Chevretton E. , Lee T. H. , Corrigan C. J. , Hawrylowicz C. M. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackgroundMurine models suggest a critical functional role for the anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10 in local regulation of allergic airways inflammation. There is little corresponding information on human airway cells. This study aimed to investigate whether local IL‐10 production regulates responses by respiratory mucosal leucocytes isolated from nasal polyps.Materials and MethodsNasal polyp tissue was harvested from 24 patients sensitised to aeroallergens with chronic rhinitis and polyposis undergoing routine polypectomy. Cells were isolated by matrix proteolysis. Cytokine production by polyp cells was determined by cytometric bead array (CBA) and intracellular cytokine analysis. Surface marker expression by polyp cells was determined by flow cytometry.ResultsAllergen stimulation significantly enhanced production of IL‐10, but not IL‐5 or IFN‐γ by nasal polyp cell suspensions. Under the same conditions, neutralisation of IL‐10 significantly increased allergen‐specific IL‐5 and IFN‐γ production by nasal polyp cells. Cell depletion experiments showed that T cells themselves were primarily responsible for IL‐10 production or for inducing its production by other cells. Intracellular cytokine staining confirmed production of IL‐10 in the absence of IL‐2 production by T cells in response to allergen.ConclusionT cells within the human respiratory mucosa produce IL‐10, which is capable of inhibiting pro‐inflammatory Th2 and Th1 cytokine production in an antigen‐specific fashion.
Human leukocyte antigen mismatches associated with increased risk of rejection, graft failure, and death independent of initial immunosuppression in renal transplant recipients
Authors: Lim Wai H. , Chadban Steve J. , Clayton Philip , Budgeon Charley A. , Murray Kevin , Campbell Scott B. , Cohney Solomon , Russ Graeme R. , McDonald Stephen P. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractHuman leukocyte antigen (HLA) mismatches have been shown to adversely affect renal allograft outcomes and remain an important component of the allocation of deceased donor (DD) kidneys. The ongoing importance of HLA mismatches on transplant outcomes in the era of more potent immunosuppression remains debatable. Using Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry, live and DD renal transplant recipients between 1998 and 2009 were examined. The association between the number of HLA mismatches and HLA‐loci mismatches and outcomes were examined. Of the 8036 renal transplant recipients, 59% had between 2 and 4 HLA mismatches. Compared with 0 HLA mismatch, increasing HLA mismatches were associated with a higher risk of graft failure and patient death in the adjusted models. HLA mismatches were associated with an incremental risk of rejection although the relative risk was higher for live donor kidney transplants. Increasing HLA‐AB and HLA‐DR mismatches were associated with a greater risk of acute rejection, graft failure, death‐censored graft failure, and/or death. There was no consistent association between initial immunosuppressive regimen and outcomes. Our results corroborate and extend the previous registry analyses demonstrating that HLA mismatches are associated with poorer transplant outcomes independent of immunosuppression and transplant era.
Diaphragmatic hernia in infants following living donor liver transplantation: Report of three cases and a review of the literature
Authors: Shigeta Takanobu , Sakamoto Seisuke , Kanazawa Hiroyuki , Fukuda Akinari , Kakiuchi Toshihiko , Karaki Chiaki , Uchida Hajime , Matsuno Naoto , Tanaka Hideaki , Kasahara Mureo 
Published: June 2012

Shigeta T, Sakamoto S, Kanazawa H, Fukuda A, Kakiuchi T, Karaki C, Uchida H, Matsuno N, Tanaka H, Kasahara M. Diaphragmatic hernia in infants following living donor liver transplantation: Report of three cases and a review of the literature.Abstract:  DH is a rare complication following LT. This report presents three cases of right‐sided DH after LT using a left‐sided graft. All of the patients were younger than one yr of age, and they were critically ill owing to their original disease, characterized by biliary atresia, progressive familiar intrahepatic cholestasis, and acute liver failure. DH occurred with sudden onset within three months after LT. All of the cases were promptly diagnosed and treated. A literature review of 24 cases of DH identified four factors associated with DH: left‐sided graft, right‐sided DH, relatively delayed onset of DH, and age‐specific chief complaint. DH following LT should be considered as a potential surgical complication when a left‐sided graft is used, especially in small infants with coagulopathy and malnutrition.
Immunohistochemical phenotyping of the inflammatory infiltrate in de novo autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation in children
Authors: Hadžić Nedim , Quaglia Alberto , Cotoi Corina , Hussain Munther J. , Brown Nigel , Vergani Diego , Mieli‐Vergani Giorgina 
Published: June 2012

Hadžić N, Quaglia A, Cotoi C, Hussain MJ, Brown N, Vergani D, Mieli‐Vergani G. Immunohistochemical phenotyping of the inflammatory infiltrate in de novo autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation in children.Abstract:  We have investigated the inflammatory infiltrate in post‐transplant dn‐AIH, a form of late insidious graft rejection, focusing on transcription factors defining effector and T‐regs, using an antigen retrieval immunohistochemical method on archived liver tissue, and compared it with ACR and classical AIH. Paraffin‐embedded liver biopsies from pediatric patients with dn‐AIH (n = 10), ACR (n = 10), and AIH (n = 13) were selected randomly and stained using antibodies directed to CD4, CD8, T‐bet (marker of Th1 polarization), GATA‐3 (marker of Th2 polarization), FOXP3 (marker for T regulatory cells), IL‐17, CD56 (NK cells), and perforin. Portal and lobular lymphocytic infiltrate was assessed semi‐quantitatively. Prominent CD4, CD8, and T‐bet positivity were present in both the lobular and portal infiltrate of all three conditions. Overall T‐bet score of lobular inflammation in the dn‐AIH group was lower than in the ACR and AIH groups (p = 0.02). In contrast, most samples showed absent or minimal GATA‐3 positivity. FOXP3, CD56, IL‐17, and perforin staining of mild to moderate severity were present in all three groups in both the portal and lobular infiltrate. A Th1 polarization of the inflammatory infiltrate characterizes dn‐AIH, but also ACR and AIH.
Living donor liver transplantation in children: A single North American center experience over two decades
Authors: Karnsakul W. , Intihar P. , Konewko R. , Roy A. , Colombani P. M. , Lau H. , Schwarz K. B. 
Published: June 2012

Karnsakul W, Intihar P, Konewko R, Roy A, Colombani PM, Lau H, Schwarz KB. Living donor liver transplantation in children: A single North American center experience over two decades.Abstract:  Little data concerning hospital charges and long‐term outcomes of LDLT in North American children according to transplant indications have been published. To compare outcomes of patient and graft survival and healthcare charges for LDLT for those with BA vs. other diagnoses (non‐BA). A retrospective review of 52 children receiving 53 LDLT (38 BA and 14 non‐BA) from 1992 to 2010 at our institution was performed. One‐, five‐, and 10‐yr patient and graft survival data were comparable to national figures reported to UNOS. Average one‐yr charges for recipients and donors were $242 849 for BA patients and $183 614 for non‐BA (p = 0.074). BA patients were 1.23 ± 1.20 yr of age vs. 4.25 ± 5.02 for non‐BA, p = 0.045. Examination of the total population of patients who were alive in 2010 in five chronological groupings showed that the crude five‐yr survival rates were 1992–1995: 9/11 (82%); 1995–1997: 6/10 (60%); 1997–1999: 8/10 (80%); 1999–2001: 9/10 (90%); and 2001–2003: 7/7 (100%). Thus, examination of the clinical and financial data together over the entire period of the transplant program suggests that the dramatic improvement in patient survival was accomplished without a dramatic increase in indexed charges. All 53 donors survived, and only 10% had complications requiring hospitalization. LDLT in children results in excellent outcomes for patients and donors. Ways to lower costs and maximize graft outcome should be investigated.