bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agricultural injury risk among rural California public high school students: Prospective results
Authors: McCurdy Stephen A. , Kwan Jonathan A. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectivesTo characterize prospective agricultural injury experience among rural California Central Valley public high school students enrolled in agricultural sciences curriculum.MethodsThe University of California, Davis Youth Agricultural Injury Study (UCD‐YAIS) examined prospective farm‐work injury among students from 10 California Central Valley public high schools.ResultsOf eligible subjects, 882 (62.5%) completed at least one annual follow‐up survey. Of these, 489 reported farm work in the previous year, including 40 (8.2%) with at least one farm work‐related injury. Fractures were the most common injury, especially among girls. Girls were more likely to suffer animal‐related injury and boys injury from motor vehicles, machinery, or tool use. Prospective injury risk was strongly associated with prior‐year farm injury (OR 8.53; 95% CI 4.02, 18.1) and farm work hours. After adjustment for farm work hours, grade level, and sex, risk was significantly associated with machinery operation, applying chemicals, number of hazardous tasks performed, riding motorcycles or mopeds, riding in back of an uncovered pick‐up truck, and smoking. Risky attitude toward farm safety was associated prospectively with injury in stepwise fashion.ConclusionsAdolescents are at risk for serious farm‐work injuries. Although limitations on hazardous tasks and farm work hours are likely to be the most efficacious means for reducing injury, education will play an important role. Education should include inculcating safety‐related attitudes and habits and focus on hazardous tasks, such as those involving animals (for girls) and motor vehicles and machinery (for boys), especially among youth with prior farm injury. Am. J. Ind. Med. 55:631–642, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Submicroscopic deletion of 12q13 including HOXC gene cluster with skeletal anomalies and global developmental delay
Authors: Okamoto Nobuhiko , Tamura Daisuke , Nishimura Gen , Shimojima Keiko , Yamamoto Toshiyuki 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe report on a patient with a submicroscopic deletion of 12q13 detected by array‐CGH and confirmed by FISH. He was haploinsufficient for the HOXC gene cluster and some other neighboring genes. HOX genes have an important role in the initial formation of the body. The patient showed characteristic features including severe kyphoscoliosis, digital abnormalities, cardiac anomaly, expressive language, and global developmental delay. Radiologic features of the fingers had some similarities with those for multiple synostosis syndrome. No human genetic disorders due to HOXC abnormalities are yet known. We tentatively assume that his skeletal anomalies are associated with haploinsufficiency of the HOXC gene cluster. Further studies are necessary to determine the clinical importance of haploinsufficiency of the HOXC gene cluster. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Functional characterization of a novel TP63 mutation in a family with overlapping features of Rapp‐Hodgkin/AEC/ADULT syndromes
Authors: Serra Valeria , Castori Marco , Paradisi Mauro , Bui Laura , Melino Gerry , Terrinoni Alessandro 
Published: November 2011

AbstractHeterozygous mutations in TP63 cause a wide spectrum of autosomal dominant developmental disorders variably affecting skin, limbs, and face. TP63 encodes p63, a protein expressed in two main isoforms (Tap63 and ΔNp63) with critical roles in both cell differentiation and development. Some analyses suggest a relationship of the mutation site to the observed clinical picture, although this link is inconsistent. This suggests an appreciable phenotypic continuity within the TP63‐related disorders. We report a 3‐month‐old boy ascertained for congenital scalp erosion and mild features of ectodermal dysplasia. His mother showed full‐blown characteristics of Rapp‐Hodgkin syndrome plus intense abdominal and popliteal freckling. Molecular investigation identified the novel TP63 mutation c.1697delG. We used a luciferase reporter assay to compare the effects on the p63 transactivation (TA) activity of c.1697delG with that of the p.Arg280Cys and p.Gln634X mutations, associated with ectrodactyly‐ectodermal dysplasia‐cleft lip/palate syndrome and isolated split hand/foot malformation, respectively. These results demonstrated complex behavior of c.1697delG in the TA of genes involved in epidermal differentiation and development and shed further light in the physiopathology of TP63‐related disorders. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and symptom severity: a population‐based study
Authors: Lin Sandra Y. , Reh Douglas D. , Navas‐Acien Ana 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackground:Approximately 20% of the U.S. population suffers from allergic rhinitis (AR), and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is estimated to affect 12.5% of the population. Frequently, many patients suffer from both disorders. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between AR and chronic rhinosinusitis as far as impact on nasal symptoms in a community‐based case‐control study of adult nonsmokers.Methods:In Washington County, MD, 200 subjects were recruited and interviewed from the same community. Subjects were divided into 4 study groups: AR without CRS, CRS without AR, AR with CRS, and a control group without AR or CRS. A validated questionnaire was used to assess upper respiratory symptoms, and disease‐specific quality of life.Results:Upper respiratory symptoms were significantly more severe for the affected subjects when compared to controls. Symptom severity was greatest for the CRS groups with or without AR, followed by AR without CRS, and controls least symptomatic. Subjects with AR plus CRS were most likely to have had previous nasal surgery, and use nasal decongestants when compared to the other groups.Conclusion:While both AR and CRS are common in the United States, it appears that patients who suffer from both disorders have more severe symptoms and are more likely to have undergone nasal surgery than if they have only 1 of these disease states. © 2011 ARS‐AAOA, LLC.
Optical versus virtual: Teaching assistant perceptions of the use of virtual microscopy in an undergraduate human anatomy course
Authors: Collier Larissa , Dunham Stacey , Braun Mark W. , O'Loughlin Valerie Dean 
Published: November 2011

AbstractMany studies that evaluate the introduction of technology in the classroom focus on student performance and student evaluations. This study focuses on instructor evaluation of the introduction of virtual microscopy into an undergraduate anatomy class. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with graduate teaching assistants (TA) and analyzed through qualitative methods. This analysis showed that the teaching assistants found the virtual microscope to be an advantageous change in the classroom. They cite the ease of use of the virtual microscope, access to histology outside of designated laboratory time, and increasing student collaboration in class as the primary advantages. The teaching assistants also discuss principal areas where the use of the virtual microscope can be improved from a pedagogical standpoint, including requiring students to spend more time working on histology in class. Anat Sci Educ. © 2011 American Association of Anatomists.
E‐mail networks and leadership performance
Authors: Tashiro Hisato , Lau Antonio , Mori Junichiro , Fujii Nobuzumi , Kajikawa Yuya 
Published: November 2011

AbstractOnline communication is an indispensable tool for communication and management. The network structure of communication is considered to affect team and individual performances, but it has not been not empirically tested. In this article, we collected a set of 1‐month e‐mail logs of a company and conducted an e‐mail network analysis. We calculated the network centralities of 72 managerial candidates, and investigated the relationship between positions in the network and leadership performance with partial least squares structural equation modeling. Betweenness and in‐degree network centralities of those middle managers are correlated with their leadership performance; on the other hand, for this management group, out‐degree has no correlation, and PageRank is a negative indicator of leadership. Leaders with high performance are trusted in their communities as a hub of the information channel of the communication network.
Citation flows in the zones of influence of scientific collaborations
Authors: Lancho Barrantes Bárbara S. , Guerrero Bote Vicente P. , Rodríguez Zaida Chinchilla , de Moya Anegón Félix 
Published: November 2011

AbstractDomestic citation to papers from the same country and the greater citation impact of documents involving international collaboration are two phenomena that have been extensively studied and contrasted. Here, however, we show that it is not so much a national bias, but that papers have a greater impact on their immediate environments, an impact that is diluted as that environment grows. For this reason, the greatest biases are observed in countries with a limited production. Papers that involve international collaboration have a greater impact in general, on the one hand, because they have multiple “immediate environments,” and on the other because of their greater quality or prestige. In short, one can say that science knows no frontiers. Certainly there is a greater impact on the authors' immediate environment, but this does not necessarily have to coincide with their national environments, which fade in importance as the collaborative environment expands.
On familywise type I error control for multiplicity in equivalence trials with three or more treatments
Authors: Röhmel Joachim 
Published: November 2011

AbstractFor the all pairwise comparisons for equivalence of k (k≥2) treatments Lauzon and Caffo proposed simply to divide the type I error level α by k−1 to achieve a Bonferroni‐based familywise error control when declaring pairs of two treatments equivalent. This rule is shown to be too liberal for k≥4. It works for k=3 yet for reasons not considered by Lauzon and Caffo. Based on the two one‐sided testing procedures and using the closure test principle we develop valid alternatives based on Bonferroni's inequality. The set H of intersection hypotheses reveals a rich structure, leading to the possibility to present H as a directed acyclic graph (DAG). This in turn allows using some graph theoretical theorems and eases proving properties of the resulting multiple testing problems.
Simultaneous hydrogen utilization and in situ biogas upgrading in an anaerobic reactor
Authors: Luo Gang , Johansson Sara , Boe Kanokwan , Xie Li , Zhou Qi , Angelidaki Irini 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe possibility of converting hydrogen to methane and simultaneous upgrading of biogas was investigated in both batch tests and fully mixed biogas reactor, simultaneously fed with manure and hydrogen. Batch experiments showed that hydrogen could be converted to methane by hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis with conversion of more than 90% of the consumed hydrogen to methane. The hydrogen consumption rates were affected by both $P_{{\rm H}_{{\rm 2}} } $ (hydrogen partial pressure) and mixing intensity. Inhibition of propionate and butyrate degradation by hydrogen (1 atm) was only observed under high mixing intensity (shaking speed 300 rpm). Continuous addition of hydrogen (flow rate of 28.6 mL/(L/h)) to an anaerobic reactor fed with manure, showed that more than 80% of the hydrogen was utilized. The propionate and butyrate level in the reactor was not significantly affected by the hydrogen addition. The methane production rate of the reactor with H2 addition was 22% higher, compared to the control reactor only fed with manure. The CO2 content in the produced biogas was only 15%, while it was 38% in the control reactor. However, the addition of hydrogen resulted in increase of pH (from 8.0 to 8.3) due to the consumption of bicarbonate, which subsequently caused slight inhibition of methanogenesis. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012; 109:1088–1094. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Airlift column photobioreactors for Porphyridium sp. culturing: Part I. effects of hydrodynamics and reactor geometry
Authors: Luo Hu‐Ping , Al‐Dahhan Muthanna H. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractPhotosynthetic microorganisms have been attracting world attention for their great potential as renewable energy sources in recent years. Cost effective production in large scale, however, remains a major challenge to overcome. It is known to the field that turbulence could help improving the performance of photobioreactors due to the so‐called flashing light effects. Better understanding of the multiphase fluid dynamics and the irradiance distribution inside the reactor that cause the flashing light effects, as well as quantifying their impacts on the reactor performance, thus, are crucial for successful design and scale‐up of photobioreactors. In this study, a species of red marine microalgae, Porphyridium sp., was grown in three airlift column photobioreactors (i.e., draft tube column, bubble column, and split column). The physical properties of the culture medium, the local fluid dynamics and the photobioreactor performances were investigated and are reported in this part of the manuscript. Results indicate that the presence of microalgae considerably affected the local multiphase flow dynamics in the studied draft tube column. Results also show that the split column reactor works slightly better than the draft tube and the bubble columns due to the spiral flow pattern inside the reactor. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012; 109:932–941. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evaluation of the energy efficiency of enzyme fermentation by mechanistic modeling
Authors: Albaek Mads O. , Gernaey Krist V. , Hansen Morten S. , Stocks Stuart M. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractModeling biotechnological processes is key to obtaining increased productivity and efficiency. Particularly crucial to successful modeling of such systems is the coupling of the physical transport phenomena and the biological activity in one model. We have applied a model for the expression of cellulosic enzymes by the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei and found excellent agreement with experimental data. The most influential factor was demonstrated to be viscosity and its influence on mass transfer. Not surprisingly, the biological model is also shown to have high influence on the model prediction. At different rates of agitation and aeration as well as headspace pressure, we can predict the energy efficiency of oxygen transfer, a key process parameter for economical production of industrial enzymes. An inverse relationship between the productivity and energy efficiency of the process was found. This modeling approach can be used by manufacturers to evaluate the enzyme fermentation process for a range of different process conditions with regard to energy efficiency. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012; 109:950–961. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Improving the efficiency of CHO cell line generation using glutamine synthetase gene knockout cells
Authors: Fan Lianchun , Kadura Ibrahim , Krebs Lara E. , Hatfield Christopher C. , Shaw Margaret M. , Frye Christopher C. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractAlthough Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, with their unique characteristics, have become a major workhorse for the manufacture of therapeutic recombinant proteins, one of the major challenges in CHO cell line generation (CLG) is how to efficiently identify those rare, high‐producing clones among a large population of low‐ and non‐productive clones. It is not unusual that several hundred individual clones need to be screened for the identification of a commercial clonal cell line with acceptable productivity and growth profile making the cell line appropriate for commercial application. This inefficiency makes the process of CLG both time consuming and laborious. Currently, there are two main CHO expression systems, dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR)‐based methotrexate (MTX) selection and glutamine synthetase (GS)‐based methionine sulfoximine (MSX) selection, that have been in wide industrial use. Since selection of recombinant cell lines in the GS‐CHO system is based on the balance between the expression of the GS gene introduced by the expression plasmid and the addition of the GS inhibitor, L‐MSX, the expression of GS from the endogenous GS gene in parental CHOK1SV cells will likely interfere with the selection process. To study endogenous GS expression's potential impact on selection efficiency, GS‐knockout CHOK1SV cell lines were generated using the zinc finger nuclease (ZFN) technology designed to specifically target the endogenous CHO GS gene. The high efficiency (∼2%) of bi‐allelic modification on the CHO GS gene supports the unique advantages of the ZFN technology, especially in CHO cells. GS enzyme function disruption was confirmed by the observation of glutamine‐dependent growth of all GS‐knockout cell lines. Full evaluation of the GS‐knockout cell lines in a standard industrial cell culture process was performed. Bulk culture productivity improved two‐ to three‐fold through the use of GS‐knockout cells as parent cells. The selection stringency was significantly increased, as indicated by the large reduction of non‐producing and low‐producing cells after 25 µM L‐MSX selection, and resulted in a six‐fold efficiency improvement in identifying similar numbers of high‐productive cell lines for a given recombinant monoclonal antibody. The potential impact of GS‐knockout cells on recombinant protein quality is also discussed. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012; 109:1007–1015. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gene therapy in the treatment of peripheral arterial disease
Authors: Mughal N A , Russell D A , Ponnambalam S , Homer-Vanniasinkam S 
Published: November 2011

Abstract

Background
Peripheral arterial disease remains a significant global health burden despite revolutionary improvements in endovascular techniques over the past decade. The durability of intervention for critical limb ischaemia is poor, and the condition is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. To address this deficiency, alternative therapeutic options are being explored. Advances in the fields of gene therapy and therapeutic angiogenesis have led to these being advocated as potential future treatments.

Methods
Relevant medical literature from PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library and Google Scholar from the inception of these databases to June 2011 was reviewed.

Results
Encouraging outcomes in preclinical trials using a variety of proangiogenic growth factors have led to numerous efficacy and safety studies. However, no clinical study has shown significant benefit for gene therapy over placebo.

Conclusion
Identifying the optimal site for gene delivery, choice of vector and duration of treatment is needed if gene therapy is to become a credible therapeutic option for peripheral arterial disease. Copyright © 2011 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Persisting symptoms after intrathoracic anastomotic leak following oesophagectomy for cancer
Authors: van der Schaaf M , Lagergren J , Lagergren P 
Published: November 2011

Abstract

Background
Intrathoracic anastomotic leak is a major cause of postoperative mortality and morbidity after resection for oesophageal cancer. Little is known about persisting symptoms after this complication. In this Swedish nationwide cohort study, it was hypothesized that intrathoracic anastomotic leak makes patients more susceptible to persisting eating difficulties, odynophagia, dysphagia, trouble swallowing saliva and reflux.

Methods
Patients who underwent oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer, and had reconstruction with a gastric conduit and an intrathoracic anastomosis, between April 2001 and December 2005 were included. Symptoms were measured using an oesophageal cancer-specific health-related quality-of-life questionnaire (QLQ-OES18), developed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to calculate risk estimates for symptoms, expressed as odds ratio (OR) with 95 per cent confidence interval, 6 months after intrathoracic anastomotic leakage.

Results
Among the 277 patients included in the study, the 29 patients with an intrathoracic anastomotic leak had a fourfold increased risk (OR 4·05, 1·47 to 11·16) of eating difficulties and a more than twofold greater risk (OR 2·59, 1·15 to 5·82) of odynophagia, 6 months after surgery, compared with patients without a leak. There was a twofold increased risk of trouble swallowing, but this was not statistically significant (OR 1·98, 0·58 to 6·67).

Conclusion
Patients with an intrathoracic anastomotic leak after oesophageal cancer surgery were at increased risk of eating difficulties and odynophagia 6 months after surgery. Higher risks of reflux and dysphagia were not found among patients with anastomotic leak. Copyright © 2011 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Calculation of Critical Efficiency Factors of Microwave Energy Conversion into Heat
Authors: Cherbański R. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA modeling approach aimed at calculating critical efficiency factors of microwave energy conversion into heat for different operating conditions is presented. In the experimental part, an efficiency factor was determined for microwave heating of 13X zeolites in a multimode microwave cavity. A comparison of the obtained results with the results reported in the literature indicated that microwave heating (MH) can be more energy‐efficient than convective heating (CH). Moreover, it follows from the performed simulations that maintaining the same adsorbent bed temperatures in MH and CH for increasing gas flow rates rises energy consumptions in CH and decreases the critical efficiency factors, thereby improving the economic efficiency of MH.
Color discrimination capability under highly structured spectra
Authors: Royer M. P. , Houser K. W. , Wilkerson A. M. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractAn experiment was performed to test the capability of measures of gamut area to predict the color discrimination capability of lamps with highly structured spectra. Sixteen subjects completed a Farnsworth Munsell 100 Hue Test under four different lighting conditions of similar chromaticity: light emitting diodes (LEDs) that used red, green, and blue primaries; two types of linear fluorescent; and tungsten halogen. Total Error Score (TES) was significantly worse under the LEDs than the other three conditions, which produced statistically equivalent scores. No measure considered in this work, including Color Rendering Index, Color‐Discrimination Index, or Farnsworth Munsell Gamut Area, was able to order correctly, let alone correlate with, the color discrimination capability of the four lamps, as characterized by TES. This calls into question the concept of using a measure of gamut area to characterize color discrimination as part of a multi‐index tool for quantifying color rendition, especially since lamps with highly structured spectral output are becoming more prevalent for general illumination. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2011;