bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive reserve, cortisol, and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers: A memory clinic study
Authors: Yerramalla Manasa Shanta , Darin‐Mattsson Alexander , Udeh‐Momoh Chinedu T , Holleman Jasper , Kåreholt Ingemar , Aspö Malin , Hagman Göran , Kivipelto Miia , Solomon Alina , Marseglia Anna , Sindi Shireen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONCognitive reserve might mitigate the risk of Alzheimer's dementia among memory clinic patients. No study has examined the potential modifying role of stress on this relation.METHODSWe examined cross‐sectional associations of the cognitive reserve index (CRI; education, occupational complexity, physical and leisure activities, and social health) with cognitive performance and AD‐related biomarkers among 113 memory clinic patients. The longitudinal association between CRI and cognition over a 3‐year follow‐up was assessed. We examined whether associations were influenced by perceived stress and five measures of diurnal salivary cortisol.RESULTSHigher CRI scores were associated with better cognition. Adjusting for cortisol measures reduced the beneficial association of CRI on cognition. A higher CRI score was associated with better working memory in individuals with higher (favorable) cortisol AM/PM ratio, but not among individuals with low cortisol AM/PM ratio. No association was found between CRI and AD‐related biomarkers.DISCUSSIONPhysiological stress reduces the neurocognitive benefits of cognitive reserve among memory clinic patients.Highlights
Physiological stress may reduce the neurocognitive benefits accrued from cognitively stimulating and enriching life experiences (cognitive reserve [CR]) in memory clinic patients.
Cortisol awakening response modified the relation between CR and P‐tau181, a marker of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Effective stress management techniques for AD and related dementia prevention are warranted.
Joint effect of testosterone and neurofilament light chain on cognitive decline in men: The Shanghai Aging Study
Authors: Tang Shuning , Xiao Zhenxu , Lin Fangting , Liang Xiaoniu , Ma Xiaoxi , Wu Jie , Zhou Xiaowen , Zhao Qianhua , Gao Junling , Xiao Qianyi , Ding Ding 
Published: June 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe association of testosterone and cognitive decline is inconclusive, and its joint effect with neurofilaments light chain (NfL) remains largely unknown.METHODSA total of 581 non‐demented older men in the Shanghai Aging Study were included. Blood total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (FT), and NfL were measured at baseline. The relationships between TT, FT, TT/FT‐NfL, and cognitive decline were explored by Cox regression models.RESULTSDuring a median follow‐up of 6.7 years, there was an inverse association between TT/FT and cognitive decline (TT, trend p = 0.004, Q1 vs Q4, hazard ratio [HR] = 4.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.60 to 12.04; FT, trend p = 0.002, Q1 vs Q4, HR = 5.29, 95% CI = 1.50 to 16.89). Compared to participants with high TT/FT‐low NfL, those with low TT/FT‐high NfL had significantly higher risks of cognitive decline (TT, HR = 5.10, 95% CI = 1.11 to 23.40; FT, HR = 6.14, 95% CI = 1.34 to 28.06).DISCUSSIONOur findings suggest that the combination of testosterone and neurodegenerative markers may provide reliable predictive insights into future cognitive decline.Highlights
Testosterone is inversely associated with cognitive decline in older men.
There is a joint effect of testosterone and NfL on cognitive decline.
Sex hormone and neurodegeneration may synergistically contribute to cognitive deterioration.
Inorganic metal oxide‐reinforced polymer‐based flexible inorganic nanocomposite for UV shielding applications
Authors: Puttaswamy Mahadeva Prasad , Kundachira Subramani Nithin , Shivanna Sachhidananda , Gumatapura Siddamallappa Nanjundaswamy , Beejaganahalli Sangameshwara Madhukar , Urs R. Gopalakrishne 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis investigation reveals the successful incorporation of strontium‐doped thorium oxide (SrThO3) NPs into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer nanocomposites. The fabrication process of these PVA nanocomposites entails utilizing varying amounts (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 wt%) of SrThO3 nanofillers through a straightforward solution casting technique. The microstructure and overall structure of the resulting polymer nanocomposites were analyzed using powdered x‐ray diffraction for crystalline structure and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for molecular composition. The introduced SrThO3 nanofiller demonstrates a strong affinity for the hydroxyl groups present in the PVA polymer, a phenomenon validated through FTIR spectroscopy. In order to comprehend the impact of doping, the surface morphology of the PVA polymer nanocomposites underwent examination via scanning electron microscopy. The absorption and transmission of light were quantitatively assessed using UV–visible spectroscopy. The excitation and emission behaviors of electrons in both the PVA and SrThO3‐doped PVA nanocomposites were scrutinized through photoluminescence spectroscopy. Furthermore, the extent of UV light absorption was investigated by studying the degradation of methylene blue dye, a substance known for its sensitivity to UV light. Results indicate that the intentional incorporation of SrThO3 NPs significantly enhances UV stability.
Preparation and study of novel UV‐curable alkyd‐siloxane coating materials
Authors: Golubev Artem A. , Baranova Ksenia S. , Bazhanov Dmitriy A. , Khasbiullin Ramil R. , Shcherbina Anna A. , Soldatov Mikhail A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA material capable of curing due to UV irradiation based on an alkyd oligomer and oligoorganosilsesquioxanes (OOSs) with functional thiol groups was obtained. Using microinterferometry, it was shown that the alkyd oligomer and OOS are completely compatible (mutually soluble). The resulting alkyd‐siloxane composition was cured under the action of UV irradiation due to reaction between double bonds of alkyd oligomer and thiol‐groups of silsesquioxane oligomer. The curing reaction takes 5 min with formation of coating, containing 99% of gel fraction, which is in 30 times faster in comparison with the classical method of alkyd curing in the presence of siccatives. The hydrophobicity of alkyd‐siloxane coatings also increases and varies depending on the content of OOS. The introduction of 50% OOS into the alkyd oligomer makes it possible to increase the water contact angle by 10° relative to the coating based on pure alkyd. A similar dependence is observed when studying the thermal stability of coatings. Thus, even with the introduction of 10% OOS into alkyd oligomer, the temperature at which a loss of 50% of mass occurs increases by 24°C relative to coatings based on a pure alkyd oligomer.
Lithiated Graphene Current Collector for Stable Anode‐Free and Anode‐Less Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Ping Zheng Yi , Hu Xun Jian , Xu Xiao Ming , Wang Hai Feng , Sun Yu Long , Liu Ting , Bin Liu Xian , Wu Zi Ping , Xia Bao Yu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAnode‐free and anode‐less lithium (Li) metal batteries provide cell safety and afford maximum energy density. However, their practical applications are hampered by poor cycling performances. In this study, a composite of LiC6 phase in highly reduced graphene (HrGO, LC‐HrGO) is proposed as a current collector for Li metal plating. LC‐HrGO provided homogenous plating sites and favorable conductivity, which facilitated Li metal plating with reduced nucleation barrier. The LiC6 in composite is not easily delithiated, and the HrGO is not easily lithiated. The obtained anode‐free batteries based on the LC‐HrGO current collector showed a capacity retention of 60 % after 100 cycles, and the corresponding anode‐less batteries indicated a stable specific capacity of 134.5 mAh g−1 after 250 cycles and a remarkable rate capacity of 130.1 mA h g−1 at 5 C. The work provides valuable concepts for fabricating promising current collectors towards Li metal batteries and beyond for high‐level services.
T‐Rex escaped from the cytosolic park: Re‐thinking the impact of TREX1 exonuclease deficiencies on genomic stability
Authors: Técher Hervé 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Three Prime Repair Exonuclease 1 (TREX1) has been implicated in several pathologies characterized by chronic and inborn inflammation. Aberrant innate immunity caused by DNA sensing through the cGAS‐STING pathway has been proposed to play a major role in the etiology of these interferonopathies. However, the molecular source of this DNA sensing and the possible involvement of TREX1 in genome (in)stability remains poorly understood. Recent findings reignite the debate about the cellular functions performed by TREX1 nuclease, notably in chromosome biology and stability. Here I put into perspective recent findings that suggest that TREX1 is at the crossroads of DNA damage response and inflammation in different pathological contexts.
Augmenting collaborative interaction with shared visualization of eye movement and gesture in VR
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhao Song , Cheng Shiwei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVirtual Reality (VR)‐enabled multi‐user collaboration has been gradually applied in academic research and industrial applications, but it still has key problems. First, it is often difficult for users to select or manipulate objects in complex three‐dimesnional spaces, which greatly affects their operational efficiency. Second, supporting natural communication cues is crucial for cooperation in VR, especially in collaborative tasks, where ambiguous verbal communication cannot effectively assign partners the task of selecting or manipulating objects. To address the above issues, in this paper, we propose a new interaction method, Eye‐Gesture Combination Interaction in VR, to enhance the execution of collaborative tasks by sharing the visualization of eye movement and gesture data among partners. We conducted user experiments and showed that using dots to represent eye gaze and virtual hands to represent gestures can help users complete tasks faster than other visualization methods. Finally, we developed a VR multi‐user collaborative assembly system. The results of the user study show that sharing gaze points and gestures among users can significantly improve the productivity of collaborating users. Our work can effectively improve the efficiency of multi‐user collaborative systems in VR and provide new design guidelines for collaborative systems in VR.
In Silico Design and In Vitro Assessment of Bicyclic Trifluoromethylated Pyrroles as New Antibacterial and Antifungal Agents
Authors: Hodyna Diana , Klipkov Anton , Kachaeva Maryna , Shulha Yurii , Gerus Igor , Metelytsia Larysa , Kovalishyn Vasyl 
Published: June 2024

AbstractQSAR studies on the number of compounds tested as S. aureus inhibitors were performed using an interactive Online Chemical Database and Modeling Environment (OCHEM) web platform. The predictive ability of the developed consensus QSAR model was q2=0.79±0.02. The consensus prediction for the external evaluation set afforded high predictive power (q2=0.82±0.03). The models were applied to screen a virtual chemical library with anti‐S. aureus activity. Six promising new bicyclic trifluoromethylated pyrroles were identified, synthesized and evaluated in vitro against S. aureus, E. coli, and A. baumannii for their antibacterial activity and against C. albicans, C. krusei and C. glabrata for their antifungal activity. The synthesized compounds were characterized by 1H, 19F, and 13C NMR and elemental analysis. The antimicrobial activity assessment indicated that trifluoromethylated pyrroles 9 and 11 demonstrated the greatest antibacterial and antifungal effects against all the tested pathogens, especially against multidrug‐resistant strains. The acute toxicity of the compounds to Daphnia magna ranged from 1.21 to 33.39 mg/L (moderately and slightly toxic). Based on the docking results, it can be suggested that the antibacterial and antifungal effects of the compounds can be explained by the inhibition of bacterial wall component synthesis.
Genetically Encoded Photocaged Proteinogenic and Non‐Proteinogenic Amino Acids
Authors: Yang Xiaochen , Su Xun‐Cheng , Xuan Weimin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPhotocaged amino acids could be genetically encoded into proteins via genetic code expansion (GCE) and constitute unique tools for innovative protein engineering. There are a number of photocaged proteinogenic amino acids that allow strategic conversion of proteins into their photocaged variants, thus enabling spatiotemporal and non‐invasive regulation of protein functions using light. Meanwhile, there are a hand of photocaged non‐proteinogenic amino acids that address the challenges in directly encoding certain non‐canonical amino acids (ncAAs) that structurally resemble proteinogenic ones or possess highly reactive functional groups. Herein, we would like to summarize the efforts in encoding photocaged proteinogenic and non‐proteinogenic amino acids, hoping to draw more attention to this fruitful and exciting scientific campaign.
Impact of Iron Species Dispersion on Fe/ZSM‐5 Catalyst Performance for Methane Dehydroaromatization (MDA)
Authors: Zhang Xinrui , Ramos‐Yataco Jordy , Agarwal Amol , Lai Qingheng , Alayoglu Selim , Notestein Justin M. , Marks Tobin J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMethane dehydroaromatization (MDA) is one of the most promising technologies for directly transforming methane into aromatics. Unlike the extensively investigated Mo/ZSM‐5 catalysts, the structure and, consequently, the catalytic activity of Fe/ZSM‐5 are markedly influenced by the method of preparation, as shown here. In this study, we prepared 2 % and 4 % Fe/ZSM‐5 catalysts via wet impregnation (WI) and incipient wetness impregnation (IWI). Characterizations (XRD, STEM, UV‐Vis, NH3‐TPD and H2‐TPR) reveal that 2 %Fe‐WI mainly possesses isolated or low‐polymerized Fe species within zeolite channels, leading to a rapid activation and a higher benzene yield due to the faster reduction to iron suboxides under MDA conditions. In contrast, 2 %Fe‐IWI contains bulk iron oxide aggregates, resulting in a slower activation as these aggregates transform into iron carbide through successive reduction and carbonization. A deactivation kinetic study applied to the 2 % catalysts further demonstrates the quantitative relation between Fe site isolation and catalytic activity. Although both 4 % catalysts inevitably form sizable iron oxide clusters and particles due to the high Fe/Al ratio, similar trends are noted, with the WI catalysts exhibiting a shorter induction/activation period and a higher yield of benzene, paralleling observations made with 2 % catalysts.
DFT Atomic‐Scale Insight into Pt/Cu Single Atom Alloy Clusters Supported on γ‐Al2O3: The Effect of Hydrogen Environment
Authors: Shahrokhi Masoud , Mineva Tzonka , Benabbas Abdennour , Especel Catherine , Le Valant Anthony , Ricolleau Christian , Wang Guillaume , Nelayah Jaysen , Epron Florence , Guesmi Hazar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSingle atom alloy (SAA) clusters formed by anchoring single atoms in small supported host clusters are emerging as catalysts with high performance. In this work, density functional theory (DFT) calculations and ab‐initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations are performed to study the stability and the structure evolution of γ‐alumina‐supported platinum/copper SAA clusters of sub‐nanometer size in hydrogen environment. Due to the strong dynamic nature of both Cu cluster and anchored Pt single atom and their evolving interaction with the support, different isomers with different geometric and energetic properties are predicted. Extensive sampling through AIMD simulations reveals strong effect of hydrogen on the location of Pt single atom and strong variation of the cluster shape, evolving from 3D to concave and planar shapes wetting the alumina support. Interfacial site location of Pt single atom is found to be hydrogen coverage dependent. When the hydrogen coverage increases, the Pt single atom located preferentially at the interfacial site is pulled up by hydrogen atoms toward the upper surface Cu layers. The interaction of Pt/Cu cluster with alumina is predicted to decrease with increasing hydrogen coverage. Finally, electronic structure analysis reveals dramatic effect of hydrogen on the metallic nature of the catalysts.
Tailoring Heterojunctions in CsPbBrxCl3−x−MoS2 Composites for Efficient Photocatalysis and Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Takhar Vishakha , Singh Simranjit , Dhakar Shikha , Qureshi Mo Rizwan Ahmad , Sharma Sudhanshu , Misra Superb K. , Banerjee Rupak 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe demonstrate appropriate tuning of heterojunctions in CsPbBrxCl3−x−MoS2 composites (where x=0,1,2,3) by controlled regulation of the halide stoichiometry in the perovskite. A thorough optimization procedure determined the most effective photocatalyst, considering the pristine MoS2, perovskites with varying halide ratios, various physical mixing ratios of the two, and in‐situ synthesized composite ratios of CsPbBrxCl3−x and MoS2 (2 : 1, 1.5 : 1, 1 : 1, 1 : 1.5, 1 : 2). Under two hours of exposure to visible light, a remarkable photocatalytic performance of CsPbBrCl2 : MoS2 with a 1 : 2 ratio was observed, removing 98 % of the methylene blue (MB) dye. Notably, only the CsPbBrCl2 and MoS2 composite demonstrated higher efficiencies since it resulted in a n‐n type II heterojunction. Additionally, the CsPbBrCl2 : MoS2 composite exhibits the highest reaction rate constant, fifteen times higher than the pristine perovskite. Reusability assessment of this combination revealed sustained activity of 87 % for up to 5 cycles. The hydrogen evolution reaction investigations were carried out using the optimized CsPbBrCl2 : MoS2 composite, which yielded 265 times more hydrogen than pristine CsPbBrCl2. The Faradaic efficiency for 1 : 2 CsPbBrCl2 : MoS2 was found to be 96.61 %. Our results offer crucial perspectives on optimizing perovskite‐MoS2 composites and demonstrate their utility in sustainable applications, including water treatment, renewable energy harvesting, and environmental remediation.
Clinicopathological features of hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Yanagawa Senichiro , Tanabe Kazuaki , Kano Mikihiro , Hotta Ryuichi , Saeki Yoshihiro , Fujikuni Nobuaki , Ohdan Hideki ,   Hiroshima Surgical Study Group of Clinical Oncology (HiSCO)
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundHepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach (HAS) is a rare and aggressive subtype of gastric cancer (GC), accounting for less than 1% of all cases. It is characterized by frequent liver metastasis recurrence and a poorer prognosis than conventional GC. However, established treatment guidelines for HAS are currently not available.In this report, we present the results of a clinicopathological study of 19 patients diagnosed with HAS, including seven patients with liver metastasis, conducted by the Hiroshima Surgical Study Group of Clinical Oncology (HiSCO) between 2016 and 2018.AimsThe aim of the study was to retrospectively observe the outcomes of HAS with gastrectomy and hepatectomy for liver metastasis and determine relevant prognostic factor. We also examined the criteria and outcomes of hepatectomy for liver metastasis and aimed to suggest the optimal treatment for HAS, including chemotherapy.Methods and ResultsA total of 2147 patients underwent gastrectomy for GC at HiSCO‐affiliated institutions during the study period; 19 patients, all male with a mean age of 70.9 years, were diagnosed with HAS by hematoxylin‐eosin and immunohistochemical staining. Patients underwent gastrectomy at varying pathological stages: six at Stage I, three at Stage II, seven at Stage III, and three at Stage IV. Ten patients received postoperative chemotherapy and the 5‐year survival rate was 67.7% after gastrectomy. Among the seven patients with pre or postoperative liver metastasis, five patients underwent hepatectomy. Although one patient had recurrence, the 3‐year survival rate was 100% after hepatectomy.ConclusionContrary to previous reports suggesting a 3‐year survival rate of approximmately 30% for HAS, our findings indicate that the prognosis for HAS may not be as poor as reported previously. This study contributes valuable insights into the management and potential treatment strategies for HAS.
A novel CNN‐based approach for detection and classification of DDoS attacks
Authors: Najar Ashfaq Ahmad , Sugali Manohar Naik , Lone Faisal Rasheed , Nazir Azra 
Published: June 2024

SummaryAmong the recent network security issues, Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack is one of the most dangerous threats in today's cyberspace that can disrupt essential services. These attacks compromise network security by flooding the target with malicious traffic. Several researchers have designed effective DDoS detection mechanisms using machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL)‐based techniques. However, existing detection approaches paid less attention to issues such as class imbalance, multi‐classification, or computational cost of the models, especially time. In this study, we propose a novel framework for detecting and classifying DDoS attacks with high accuracy and low computational cost. To address the class imbalance, we employ random sampling, while feature selection techniques such as low information gain, quasi‐constant elimination, and principal component analysis are utilized for optimal feature selection and reduction. Our proposed CNN‐based model achieves outstanding performance, boasting an accuracy of 99.99% for binary classification and 98.44% for multi‐classification. The proposed model is compared to existing works and baseline line models and found to be effective in binary and multi‐classification.
A Set of New Promising Solid Chalcogenides for Na‐Ion Batteries: Yield from the Crystal Chemical, Monte‐Carlo and Quantum‐Chemical Calculations
Authors: Morkhova Yelizaveta A. , Antonyuk Alexander V. , Kabanov Artem A. , Blatov Vladislav A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFree crystal space in more than 600 chalcogenide structures taken out from the ICSD has been theoretically analyzed. As a result, wide voids and channels accessible for Na+‐ion migration were found in 236 structures. Among them, 165 compounds have not been described in the literature as Na+‐conducting materials. These materials have been subjected to stepwise quantitative calculations. The bond valence site energy method has enabled the identification of 57 entries as the most promising ion conductors in which the Na+‐ion migration energy (Em) is less than 0.55 eV for 2D or 3D diffusion. The kinetic Monte‐Carlo method has been carried out for these substances; as a result, resulting in nine of the most prospective compounds with Na+‐ionic conductivity Ϭ≥10−4 S cm−1 at room temperature were selected, for which the density functional theory calculations have been performed yielding six best candidates. Additionally, a logarithmic relationship was established between the values of Em and the diffusion channel radii as well as a linear relationship between Ϭ and the void radius.
Impact of entrepreneur's socioeconomic status on corporate environmental conduct and misconduct: The moderating role of family ownership
Authors: Shi Yuling , Zhao Yapu , Chen Wanming , Xu Qian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe impact of an actor's status on corporate ethical issues has been debated in strategy management. Drawing on upper echelons theory and status theory, our study aims to address this theoretical puzzle by examining how an entrepreneur's socioeconomic status affects a firm's engagement in positive environmental conduct and negative environmental misconduct, as well as the moderating effects of family ownership in China's emerging economy. Our analysis of 3281 private firms from a national survey in China reveals that an entrepreneur's socioeconomic status not only promotes corporate environmental conduct but also stimulates environmental misconduct. These effects are more pronounced in firms with higher levels of family ownership. By uncovering the complex impact of an entrepreneur's socioeconomic status on corporate environmental actions, our study contributes novel insights to the environmental management literature.