bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotion facial expression in families of patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Herrera S. , Bardón M. , Fernández C. , Ángeles V. , Lahera Forteza G. , Fernández Liria A. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionPatients with schizophrenia show a deficit in emotion recognition through facial expression and the low sense of familiarity may be a factor involved. However, the emotion facial expression in families of patients could be disturbed and be another factor related to the deficit in emotion recognition and in sense of familiarity in schizophrenia.ObjectivesTo assess the emotion facial expression in a sample of 21 families of patients with schizophrenia and families of healthy controls.Methods22 healthy volunteers, all of them professionals of mental health, were assessed with the Ekman Test of emotion recognition in unfamiliar people which was photographed by expressing the 6 Ekman’s basic emotions. The task was composed of 42 pictures, half of them from families of patients and the other half from families of healthy control.ResultsVolunteers recognize worse emotions in relatives of patients than in relatives of control group and this difference was statistically significant (Wilcoxon W = -4.13; p = .001). The average of pictures correctly recognized from families of patients was lower than pictures from families of control group (54.28% vs. 82%).ConclusionsThe emotion facial expression in families of patients with schizophrenia seems worse than in families of healthy controls. It could be a factor involved in face emotion recognition deficit in schizophrenia.
Thought disorder: a left lateralised breakdown of the language network
Authors: Horn H. , Jann K. , Walther S. , Federspiel A. , Wirth M. , Müller T. , Strik W. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionStructural and functional deviations in schizophrenic patients with formal thought disorder (FTD) point towards a dysfunction within left sided language network.ObjectivesIndependent component analysis (ICA), a new approach to fMRI analysis, enables to target the question of a network dysfunction directly. Using this method in healthy controls it was possible to identify the language networks separately for the left and the right hemispheres In the present study we use ICA analysis to examine changes of the language network separate for each hemisphere in relation to the severity of FTD.AimsWe hypothesize increasing disintegration with increasing severity of FTD only in the left sided language network while the right language network should remain unaffected.MethodsWe investigated 16 schizophrenic patients with different severity of FTD and matched healthy controls using ICA decomposition of the BOLD signal. The spatial similarity of the individual language networks was correlated to the severity of FTD.ResultsThe integrity of the left language network decrease with increasing severity of FTD (r = -0.79, p < 0.01), while the integrity of the right language network show no significant correlation to the severity of FTD.ConclusionFor the first time the isolated breakdown of the left sided language network was linked specifically to schizophrenic FTD. This result unites older manly left hemispheric findings of structural and functional abnormalities in schizophrenic FTD.
Evaluation correlation between quality of life and global functioning in schizophrenic patients in mazandaran state
Authors: Hosseini S.H. , KarkhanehYusefi M. 
Published: May 2011

BackgroundSchizophrenia is a disorder, which has the most regression in behavioural, occupational and psychiatry aspects, and it is also important for this patients. the main purpose of this study is to evaluate. The quality of life and global function of schizophrenia patients.Method100 schizophrenia patients (with DSM-IV-TR) who had a history of at least 10 years from the beginning of the disorder were collected. Demographic characteristics, type of schizophrenia, living condition and the quality of life scale (QLS) including interpersonal relationship instrumental role, intra psychic foundation and common objects and activities, were filled. Patients’ general functions were evaluated with GAF.ResultsIn this study 67% were men and 51% were women. They were residual (55%), Paranoid (11%)and undifferentiated (33%) schizophrenia. They lived in institute (67%) and with their families (28%). The significant association were found to be between married and singles patients in instrumental role (F, 2, 97), P > ./.5) but there weren’t found any association in other domains also the significant. Correlation were found between undifferentiated and paranoid patients in interpersonal relationship (F, 2, 97), P > ./.5).but there weren’t any correlation in intrapsychic foundation and common objects and activities domains. Also there were significant association in GAF (F, 3, 98), P > ./.5)between uneducated and educated participants. The Mean of five domains and genders didn’t have any association together.ConclusionSchizophrenia patients’ quality of life is low. which showed the value and reliability of Global Assessment Functioning that usually used for every psychiatrics’ patients for V axis clinical diagnosis and indicated the clinical value of this scale.
Social functioning in a first-episode of psychosis: can the existence of affective symptoms influence it?
Authors: Ienciu M. , Romosan F. , Bredicean C. , Romosan R. , Moroianu A. , Pufan L. , Giurgi-Oncu C. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionBesides psychopathological outcome, the outcome in terms of social functioning is of great importance in first-episode psychosis. This paper has analyzed three components of social functioning: instructional level, professional and marital status.ObjectivesThe objective of this paper is to analyze the social functioning after two years of evolution in a sample of subjects with a first-episode psychosis.AimsThe aim is to determine the way in which the presence of affective elements can influence social functioning in a first-episode psychosis.Methods43 subjects with a first-episode psychosis have been divided into 2 samples, according to the existence of (sample A) / the absence of (sample B) affective symptoms (depressive or manic). We have to mention that the affective elements have not fulfilled the ICD 10 criteria for an affective episode. These two samples have been analyzed at onset and after two years of evolution, according to the following parameters: instructional level, professional and marital status.ResultsWe have noticed that there were changes only regarding the professional status and instructional level. After 2 years of evolution, the number of employed subjects was higher in sample A, compared to sample B. All of the subjects in sample A, which were students during their first episode of psychosis, have managed to finish their studies. Family status was not modified in any sample.ConclusionThe existence of affective elements in a first-episode psychosis has an influence only regarding the professional status.
Spatial notions peculiarities as a mark of the schizophrenia's degree of intensity
Authors: Ivanov M. 
Published: May 2011

Spatial notions belong to the most important concepts, which depict and characterize person's consciousness and determine its thought's and world image's specificity. Spatial notions’ peculiarities in connection with psychic pathology of the different degree of intensity are scanty explored.ObjectiveSpatial notions’ peculiarities specific to individuals who suffer from schizophrenic spectrum disorders of the different degree of intensity.SampleSchizophrenia (ICD-10, F20) (30 individuals), schizotypal disorder (F21) (30) and conditionally healthy (60). Exception criteria: organic affection lesions CNS, epilepsy (G40), mental retardation (F70-F79). The experimental base: Moscow mental hospital №13.AimTo analyze and to describe spatial notions’ peculiarities specific to individuals who suffer from schizophrenic spectrum disorders (sexual differences are taken into consideration).MethodsThe following groups of methods were used to achieve the aim of research: methods intended for “direct” space perception research; projective and reflexive techniques; methods intended for the thought peculiarities research.ResultsBlatant violations of the spatial perception were found in experimental group. Sexual differences were defined: more abstract and nonstandard decisions are specific for men, more concrete and fragmentary - women.It should be noted that errors amount wasn’t rising in the experimental group with the complication of the tasks.ConclusionsBlatant violations of the spatial perception include emasculation, image distortion, perseveration, notion agglutination, decision paradoxicality, ambivalence etc. These violations are classified as the peculiarity of the negative psychopathological manifestations of thought and perception specific to the schizophrenia.In some case, spatial idea can expose predisposition to the latent psychic pathology of endogenous origin.
Difficulties in emotional processing in schizophrenia patients as a function of insufficient separation
Authors: Jędrasik-Styła M. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectivesThe study focuses on the emotion processing deficits, which are typical for schizophrenia patients. Since abnormalities in this field can be seen in terms of insufficient individuation and failure in the separation process, a context of a close interpersonal relationship was introduced into the testing procedure.Method30 schizophrenia patients were compared to a normal control sample (n = 31) on their performance on the lexical decision task (LDT). Two-factor of experimental design had a form of 2 (possible values of the independent variable was healthy /ill) x 2 (experimental conditions). Participants completed the LDT twice -1) in a standard testing situation, and 2) in the relational context condition (the procedure followed the activation of the subjects’ experience with his/her mother). In an e-prime computerized experiment the list of 91 words (names of positive and negative emotions, divided into 9 categories) and 27 nonwords were randomly subliminally exposed. It was hypothesised that in a relational context condition the emotional processing irregularities would be more distinct.ResultsAnalyses confirmed the aforementioned theoretical assumptions. A significant condition/group interactional effect was found for anger (F = 4, 56, p = 0, 04) and joy (F = 5, 05, p = 0, 03). The accessibility of the emotion categories mentioned above was higher in the relational condition for patients whereas in the control sample no differences were observed.ConclusionsThe results were interpreted to provide an explanation of separation difficulties in the clinical sample, since simultaneous presence of opposing emotions hinders the process of decision making, including a decision to leave the family of origin.
Disconnected: a film about the social integration of people suffering schizophrenia
Authors: Jambrina J.J.M. 
Published: May 2011

I was attending the 17th European Congress in Lisbon were I introduced our work in Avilés, Asturias, Spain. We have been developing the first Spanish experience in Assertive Community Treatments during ten years. Nowadays, ACT has been disseminated all over our country.We have made a beautiful film about our work titled DISCONNECTED. It was directed by a famous spanish director (M. Gómez Pereira) and is getting a great success in Spain. It lasts 58 minutes.Do you think it would be possible to show it in Vienna‘s Congress?The film has been subtitled into English.I, m attaching you the official trailer.http://www.youtube.com/user/filmdesconectados#p/a/u/0/oZfUeDKz66s
Vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, serum calcium and phosphorus in patients with schizophrenia and major depression
Authors: Jamilian H. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionVitamin D deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of depression and schizophrenia in some studies. However, a few epidemiological studies do not show consistent results.ObjectivesComparing serum level of Vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, Calcium, and phosphorus in schizophrenic and depressed patients with healthy subjects in Iranian people.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, 100 patients with schizophrenia and 100 major depressed ones in Arak-Iran from October 2009 to April 2010, and also 100 healthy subjects were enrolled. After informed consent, serum levels of Vitamin D, Calcium, Phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone were assessed by using routine laboratory methods.Data was analyzed by using SPSS V17, one-way ANOVA, the post-hoc test of Tukey and also in general linear models.ResultsThe three groups were different in Vitamin D (PValue < 0.001). Post-hoc analysis of Tukey showed that Vitamin D level of healthy participants was significantly higher than depressed patients (PValue < 0.001) and schizophrenics (PValue = 0.001) while there was no significant difference between Vitamin D levels in depressed and schizophrenic patients (PValue = 0.563). Serum levels of Ca, P and PTH were the same in three groups.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that Vitamin D affects the brain independent of hormonal pathways which regulate serum level of calcium. Lack of difference between the serum levels of Vitamin D in schizophrenia and depression suggests that the independent effect of Vitamin D in the brain is a general effect and is not specific for a region or pathway in the brain.
Complex intervention in schizophrenia. Results of an integrated care project in German psychiatry and psychotherapy
Authors: Janssen B. , Schmidt-Kraepelin C. , Gaebel W. 
Published: May 2011

Introduction“High utilizing” schizophrenic patients are a problem in routine inpatient care.ObjectivesA complex intervention with improved cooperation between in- and outpatient services was applied to 46 “high utilizing” patients after discharge from inpatient care during an intervention phase of 6 months. The study was controlled by a matched group of 47 patients receiving treatment as usual.AimsThe goal of this study was to prevent rehospitalizations and thus optimize satisfaction with treatment and quality of life in patients suffering from schizophrenia.MethodsThe intervention was based on a computerized decision support module. Eight psychiatrists in private practices were supplied with this software to obtain guideline-based recommendations according to current psychopathology and clinical state. A local hospital project team arranged specifically suggested interventions. Moderator variables such as socio-demographical aspects or influences of certain interventions to rehospitalization rate were analyzedResultsSociodemographical aspects showed no differences between both groups. The rehospitalization rate and the mean length of inpatient treatment were reduced to nearly 50% (Interventiongroup). The rate of readmissions increased in the control group, leading to a difference of 23% between both groups. Cost effectiveness was higher in the interventiongroup than in the controlgroup.DiscussionThe most important single factor was the participation in coping skills training, but only the guideline consistent complex therapies caused the significant overall result. Satisfaction increased during 6 months and remained constant during 12 months of follow up. The project described an important step to gain evidence for integrated care for patients with schizophrenia.
Preliminary study of emotion recognition using facial affect cards of the training of affect recognition program (TAR) in Spanish population
Authors: Jimeno N. , Vargas M.L. , Ruiz F. , Cañas M.T. , Pérez R. , Sanz S. , Sanguino R. , Frommann N. , Wölwer W. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionSocial cognition is presently an important focus in rehabilitation of patients wish schizophrenic psychoses. Emotion recognition in one of its different components, the Training of Affect Recognition (TAR) is a therapy program specifically developed aiming at improving affect recognition.ObjectivesTo test if the material of the TAR program in terms a series of facial affect cards is reliable for emotion recognition in a Spanish control population.MethodsA sample of Spanish control subjects were shown the TAR's series of facial affect cards. It includes the following emotions: happiness, sadness, surprise, fear, angry and disgust, and the neutral facial affect. Reliability was assessed by means of the kappa coefficient. Kappa values higher than 0.4 were considered reliable, the following criterion was accepted: kappa values < 0.4, low reliability; 0.4 to 0.75, moderate reliability; > 0.76, strong reliability.ResultsThe sample was formed by subjects from the general population with no previous history of psychiatric disorders (n = 20). The following kappa values were obtained: happiness, 0.8406 (CI 0.7744–0.9068), sadness, 0.6171 (CI 0.5377–0.6964), surprise, 0.6582 (CI 0.5859–0.7304), fear, 0.4509 (CI 0.3569–0.5448), angry, 0.6252 (CI 0.5464–0.7040), disgust, 0.7700 (CI 0.6943–0.8456), neutral, 0.5534 (CI 0.4663–0.6404).ConclusionsIn a preliminary study in a sample of 20 Spanish control subjects using the TAR's series of facial affect cards, the six basic emotions and the neutral facial affect were recognized with at least a moderate reliability. A strong reliability was obtained in happiness and disgust, and a moderate reliability in surprise, angry, sadness, neutral, fear.
Efficacy and tolerability of quetiapine XR 400/600/800mg/day in acute schizophrenia: a post-hoc analysis of data from two pooled randomised studies
Authors: Kahn R. , Kalali A. , Gustafsson U. , Nyberg S. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionData from two, identically designed, placebo-controlled, randomised, double-blind clinical trials (D1444C00132+D1444C00133) for once-daily extended-release quetiapine fumarate (QTP-XR) were pooled and analysed.ObjectiveEvaluate dose response, efficacy and safety for QTP-XR in schizophrenia.MethodsPost-hoc analysis of data from patients receiving QTP-XR 400, 600, 800 mg/day or placebo. Endpoints: least squares means (LSM) change from baseline to Day 42 in PANSS total and positive and negative subscale scores. No corrections for multiplicity were performed. Adverse events (AEs) were recorded.Results914 patients were included; PANSS scores were assessed in the MITT population (n = 889). LSM change from baseline in PANSS total score diverged significantly from placebo at: Day 14 for QTP-XR 800 mg/day (-15.3 vs -12.1 for placebo; p = 0.018); Day 21 for 600 mg/day (-17.3 vs -14.2; p = 0.039); Day 42 for 400 mg/day (-19.2 vs -15.4; p = 0.033).Jonckheere-Terpstra analysis of change in PANSS total score at Day 42 showed a significant QTP-XR dose response (p = 0.0196; p < 0.001 with placebo). PANSS positive scores diverged by Day 21 for both QTP-XR 800 (-5.7 vs -4.8; p = 0.049) and 600 mg/day (-5.8 vs -4.8; p = 0.046). PANSS negative scores diverged by Day 21 (-4.0 vs -3.2; p = 0.040) and 42 (-4.8 vs -3.6; p = 0.009) for QTP-XR 800 and 600 mg/day, respectively. AEs occurred in 59.4%, 66.5%, 62.1% and 56.2% of patients in the QTP-XR 800, 600, 400 mg/day and placebo groups, respectively. Most common AEs were somnolence, dry mouth, sedation, insomnia, dizziness, headache, constipation and nausea.ConclusionsQTP-XR was generally well tolerated and demonstrated efficacy that increased with dose in schizophrenia.Financial support: AstraZeneca.
Disturbance of neurotransmitters monoamines and indices of reducing-oxidizing processes in patient with the first episode of schizophrenia (FES)
Authors: Kalinina V. , Gryzunov Y. , Smolina N. , Uzbekov M. , Misionzhnik E. , Dobretsov G. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionEffective treatment of FES patients may lead to achievement of long-term remission, decrease the number of relapses and increase the level of social activity and quality of life.AimTo study some pathophysiological mechanisms of FES.MethodsThe group of patients who were investigated clinically and biochemically consists of 26 persons (11 women and 15 men, average age 28.2 ± 9.5 years) with the first psychotic episode (F20.0; F20.3). Some biochemical parameters, representing the monoaminergic systems, and some biophysical parameters, representing reducing-oxidizing processes, were investigated. These parameters in all patients were estimated following the admission and prior to any treatment.ResultsThe severity of the disorder on admission to the clinic according to PANSS score was 75,5 ± 2,2 (i.e., moderately severe). Patients with FES were characterized by a significant increase of platelet momnoamine oxidase activity (by 107%; р < 0,01) and decrease of serum semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase activity (by 29%; p < 0,001) in comparison to the controls. Both reactive capability of SH-group (Cys-34 residue) of serum albumin, the main source of thiols of plasma and intersticial fluid, measured in reaction with thiol-specific reagent - dithyonitrobenzoic acide, and kinetic coefficient were decreased in FES patients (by 24%; p = 0,02) in comparison to controls.ConclusionThese results show that FES patients are characterized by pronounced metabolic disturbances.
Cardiometabolic risk in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Kalnicka D. , Masopust J. , Maly R. , Konupcikova K. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionPatients with schizophrenia have at least 20 years shorter life spam compared with general population that is primarily caused by their cardiovascular morbidity.AimsThe aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors in a sample of Czech patients with schizophrenia and related diseases and to predict a risk of premature cardiovascular mortality in this population.MethodsWe reviewed data from 129 outpatients treated in specialized outpatient clinic for psychoses. The main collected variables included basic physical parameters (height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure), smoking habits, laboratory data (glucose level, serum lipids levels) and ECG. Finally, we compared the studied group with a matched sample from general population in Czech Republic regarding the cardiovascular risk factors.ResultsOur results show that the most prevalent risk factors are overweight (70% of patients have BMI over 25), dyslipidaemia (70% of patients) and smoking (43% of patients). According to SCORE diagram, there is a high risk of fatal cardiovascular event in ten years in 10% of the study group. The percentage gets even higher (up to 24%) when the latest European guidelines for cardiovascular disease prevention were used to calculate the risk.ConclusionsOur outcomes indicate even higher cardiometabolic morbidity in patients with psychoses than referred in literature.