bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ketamine reverses stress-induced hypersensitivity to sunk costs
Authors: Cuttoli Romain Durand-de , Sweis Brian M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHow mood interacts with information processing in the brain is thought to mediate the maladaptive behaviors observed in depressed individuals. However, the neural mechanisms underlying impairments in emotion-cognition interactions are poorly understood. This includes influencing the balance between how past-sensitive vs. future-looking one is during decision-making. Recent insights from the field of neuroeconomics offer novel approaches to study changes in such valuation processes in a manner that is biologically tractable and readily translatable across species. We recently discovered that rodents are sensitive to “sunk costs” – a feature of higher cognition previously thought to be unique to humans. The sunk costs bias describes the phenomenon in which an individual overvalues and escalates commitment to continuing an ongoing endeavor, even if suboptimal, as a function of irrecoverable past (sunk) losses – information that, according to classic economic theory, should be ignored. In the present study, mice were exposed to chronic social defeat stress paradigm, a well-established animal model used for the study of depression. Mice were then tested on our longitudinal neuroeconomic foraging task, Restaurant Row. We found mice exposed to this severe stressor displayed an increased sensitivity to sunk costs, without altering overall willingness to wait. Mice were then randomly assigned to receive a single intraperitoneal injection of either saline or ketamine (20 mg/kg). We discovered that stress-induced hypersensitivity to sunk costs was renormalized following a single dose of ketamine. Interestingly, in non-defeated mice, ketamine treatment completely abolished sunk cost sensitivity, causing mice to no longer value irrecoverable losses during re-evaluation decisions who instead based choices solely on the future investment required to obtain a goal. These findings suggest that the antidepressant effects of ketamine may be mediated in part through changes in the processing of past-sensitive information during on-going decision-making, reducing its weight as a potential source of cognitive dissonance that could modulate behavior and instead promoting more future-thinking behavior.
MSLASpheroidStamp: 3d cell spheroids for everyone
Authors: Minin A. , Semerikova T. , Belousova A.V. , Karavashkova O. , Pozdina V. , Tomilina M. , Zubarev I. 
Published: May 2024

3D cell cultures, such as cell spheroids, are actively used in biology for modeling biological processes, studying intercellular interactions and pharmacological compounds screening and are becoming indispensable objects in cell culture laboratories. There are many methods for producing spheroids, varying in cost and convenience. One of the most handy and affordable is the use of agarose microwells. We have developed approaches to fabricate agarose microwells in standard culture plastic with the assistance of a hobby-grade MSLA 3D printer. The use of 3D printing allows you to customize microwells in a wide range of shapes and sizes and scale the production process from a few spheroids to tens of thousands. We have shown that it is possible to create gel microwells in a dish with a glass bottom, which allows us to easily realize time-lapse confocal microscopy of spheroids, and we have also performed in situ optical clearing in the same dishes to study the spheroid structure. We demonstrated the ability to study the cytotoxicity of various substances and nanoparticles in commonly used 96-well plates.And finally, in this article we describe the difficulties and limitations of our approach and suggest ways for solving them, allowing the reader not only to reproduce it, but also to adapt it to the specific needs of a certain laboratory, using provided 3D models and instructions.
Sleep Apnea and Hypertension Control among Hispanic/Latino Adults in the United States: Results from the Hispanic Community Health Study / Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)
Authors: Castro-Diehl Cecilia , Pirzada Amber , de las Fuentes Lisa , Sotres-Alvarez Daniela , Isasi Carmen R. , Durazo-Arvizu Ramon A , Makarem Nour , Perreira Krista M. , Ramos Alberto R. , Wassertheil-Smoller Sylvia , Stamatakis Katie , Stickel Ariana M. , Redline Susan , Daviglus Martha L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesHispanic/Latino adults have a high prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension predisposing them to CVD. We hypothesize that sleep apnea severity is associated with uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) and resistant hypertension in Hispanic/Latino adults.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study of 2,849 Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos participants with hypertension (i.e., systolic BP ≥130 mm Hg, or diastolic BP ≥80 mm Hg or self-reported antihypertensive medication use) who were taking at least one class of antihypertensive medication. Participants were categorized as havingcontrolled (BP < 130/80 mmHgamong those on hypertension treatment), uncontrolled (BP≥ 130/80 mmHg using one or two classes of antihypertensive medications), orresistant hypertension (BP≥ 130/80 mmHg while on ≥ 3 classes of antihypertensive medications or the use of ≥ 4 classes of antihypertensive medications regardless of BP control). Sleep apnea was classified based on the respiratory event index (REI; events/h) asmild(REI ≥ 5 and < 15), moderate-to-severe (REI ≥ 15), orno sleepapnea (REI < 5).ResultsIn multinomial logistic regression, moderate-to-severe sleep apnea (vs. no sleep apnea) was associated with higher odds of resistant hypertension (Odds Ratio [OR], 2.15; 95% CI, 1.36-3.39 at 4% desaturation and OR 1.68; 95% CI, 1.05-2.67 at 3% desaturation). Neither mild nor moderate-to-severe sleep apnea was associated with uncontrolled hypertension.ConclusionAmong diverse Hispanic/Latino persons, moderate-to-severe but not mild sleep apnea was associated with resistant hypertension. Identification and management of sleep apnea in this population may improve BP control and subsequently prevent adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
Visual context affects the perceived timing of tactile sensations elicited through intra-cortical microstimulation
Authors: Rosenthal Isabelle A. , Bashford Luke , Bjånes David , Pejsa Kelsie , Lee Brian , Liu Charles , Andersen Richard A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntra-cortical microstimulation (ICMS) is a technique to provide tactile sensations for a somatosensory brain-machine interface (BMI). A viable BMI must function within the rich, multisensory environment of the real world, but how ICMS is integrated with other sensory modalities is poorly understood. To investigate how ICMS percepts are integrated with visual information, ICMS and visual stimuli were delivered at varying times relative to one another. Both visual context and ICMS current amplitude were found to bias the qualitative experience of ICMS. In two tetraplegic participants, ICMS and visual stimuli were more likely to be experienced as occurring simultaneously when visual stimuli were more realistic, demonstrating an effect of visual context on the temporal binding window. The peak of the temporal binding window varied but was consistently offset from zero, suggesting that multisensory integration with ICMS can suffer from temporal misalignment. Recordings from primary somatosensory cortex (S1) during catch trials where visual stimuli were delivered without ICMS demonstrated that S1 represents visual information related to ICMS across visual contexts.
RNAseq analysis reveals transcriptome changes associated with the progression of non-alcoholic liver disease in livers fromEfcab4bknockout mice
Authors: Cheng Chew W. , Pedicini Lucia , Morales Alcala Cintli , Deligianni Fenia , Forde Niamh , Smith Jessica , McKeown Lynn 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTEFCAB4Bis an evolutionarily conserved protein that encodes for the Rab GTPase Rab46, and the CRAC channel modulator, CRACR2A. Previous genome wide association studies have demonstrated the association ofEFCAB4Bvariants in the progression of non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD). In this study we show that mice with global depletion ofEfcab4b-/-have significantly larger livers than their wild-type (WT) counterparts. We performed RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of liver tissues to investigate differential global gene expression amongEfcab4b-/-and WT mice. Of the 69 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), analyses of biological processes found significant enrichment in liver and bile development, with 6 genes (Pck1, Aacs, Onecut1, E2f8, Xbp1,andHes1) involved in both processes. Specific consideration of possible roles of DEGs or their products in NAFLD progression to (NASH) and hepatocarcinoma (HCC), demonstrated DEGs in the livers ofEfcab4b-/-mice had roles in molecular pathways including lipid metabolism, inflammation, ER stress and fibrosis. The results in this study provide additional insights into molecular mechanisms responsible for increasing susceptibility of liver injuries associated withEFCAB4B.
Fluorescent substances in cotton fibers treated with a labeling probe
Authors: Tamogami Shigeru , Watanabe Akio , Agrawal Ganesh K. , Rakwal Randeep 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUsability of the labeling probe, previously developed to uncover the targets of cellulose synthase (CESA) inhibition herbicides, was examined with fibers and cultured ovules of the cotton plant (Gossypium hirsutum). Using this probe, various fluorescent substances were found with attributes, such as bands, particles and other unique structures. Elucidation of these fluorescent substances might provide hints to understand the mechanism of cellulose biosynthesis in the cotton fibers and ovules, as well as to distinguish features of the cotton fibers.
Phased ERK-responsiveness and developmental robustness regulate teleost skin morphogenesis
Authors: Ramkumar Nitya , Richardson Christian , O’Brien Makinnon , Butt Faraz Ahmed , Park Jieun , Chao Anna T , Bagnat Michel , Poss Kenneth , Di Talia Stefano 
Published: May 2024

AbstractElongation of the vertebrate embryonic axis necessitates rapid expansion of the epidermis to accommodate the growth of underlying tissues. Here, we generated a toolkit to visualize and quantify signaling in entire cell populations of periderm, the outermost layer of the epidermis, in live developing zebrafish. We find that oriented cell divisions facilitate growth of the early periderm during axial elongation rather than cell addition from the basal layer. Activity levels of ERK, a downstream effector of MAPK pathway, gauged by a live biosensor, predicts cell cycle entry, and optogenetic ERK activation controls proliferation dynamics. As development proceeds, rates of peridermal cell proliferation decrease, ERK activity becomes more pulsatile and functionally transitions to promote hypertrophic cell growth. Targeted genetic blockade of cell division generates animals with oversized periderm cells, yet, unexpectedly, development to adulthood is not impaired. Our findings reveal stage-dependent differential responsiveness to ERK signaling and marked developmental robustness in growing teleost skin.
Kynurenine monooxygenase blockade reduces endometriosis-like lesions, improves visceral hyperalgesia, and rescues mice from a negative behavioural phenotype in experimental endometriosis
Authors: Higgins Ben , Simitsidellis Ioannis , Zheng Xiaozhong , Collins Frances , Homer Natalie Z.M. , Denham Scott G. , Simpson Joanna P. , Millar Mike , Boswell Lyndsey , Lee Hee Y. , Kim Yeon G. , Park Kyung H. , Park Larry C. , Sweeney Patrick J. , Feraille Gerard , Taddei Alessandro , Chagras David , Alvarez Thierry , Webster Scott P. , Horne Andrew , Saunders Philippa T.K. , Mole Damian J. 
Published: May 2024

SUMMARYEndometriosis is a common and debilitating neuro-inflammatory disorder that is associated with chronic pain. Definitive diagnosis is based on the presence of endometrial-like tissue (lesions) in sites outside the uterus. Kynurenine monooxygenase (KMO) is a mitochondrial enzyme of tryptophan metabolism that regulates inflammation and immunity. Here, we show that KMO is expressed in epithelial cells in human endometriosis tissue lesions and in corresponding lesions in a mouse model of endometriosis. In mice, oral treatment with the potent KMO inhibitor KNS898 induced a biochemical state of KMO blockade with accumulation of kynurenine, diversion to kynurenic acid and ablation of 3-hydroxykynurenine production. In the mouse model of endometriosis, KMO inhibition improved histological outcomes and endometriosis pain-like behaviours, even when KNS898 treatment commenced one week after initiation of lesions. Taken together, these results suggest that KMO blockade is a promising new non-hormonal therapeutic modality for endometriosis.
Diversity and evolution of the human anellome
Authors: Modha Sejal , Hughes Joseph , Orton Richard J. , Lytras Spyros 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAnelloviruses are a group of small, circular, single-stranded DNA viruses that are found ubiquitously across mammalian hosts. Here, we explored a large number of publicly available human microbiome datasets and retrieved a total of 829 anellovirus genomes, substantially expanding the known diversity of these viruses. The majority of new genomes fall within the three major human anellovirus genera:Alphatorquevirus,BetatorquevirusandGammatorquevirus, while we also present one new genome of the under-sampledHetorquevirusgenus. The phylogeny reconstructed from the conserved ORF1 gene reveals three additional, previously undescribed, human anellovirus clades. We performed recombination analysis and show evidence of extensive recombination across all human anelloviruses. Interestingly, more than 95% of the detected events are between members of the same clade and only 15 inter-clade recombination events were detected. The breakpoints of recombination cluster in hotspots at the ends and outside of the ORF1 gene, while a recombination coldspot was detected within the gene. Our analysis suggests that anellovirus evolution is governed by homologous recombination, however events between distant viruses or ones producing chimaeric ORF1s likely lead to non-viable recombinants. The large number of genomes further allowed us to examine how essential genomic features vary across anelloviruses. These include functional domains in the ORF1 protein and the nucleotide motif of the replication loop region, required for the viruses’ rolling-circle replication. A subset of the genomes assembled in both this and previous studies are completely lacking these essential elements, opening up the possibility that anellovirus intracellular populations contain defective virus genomes (DVGs). Overall, our study highlights key features of anellovirus genomics and evolution, a largely understudied group of viruses whose potential in virus-based therapeutics is recently being explored.
Partitioning biota along the Elbe River estuary: where are the community transitions?
Authors: Branoff Benjamin B. , Grüterich Luise , Wilson Monica , Tobias-Hunefeldt Sven Patrik , Saadaoui Youssef , Mittmann-Goetsch Julian , Neiske Friederike , Lexmond Fay , Becker Joscha N. , Grossart Hans-Peter , Porada Philipp , Streit Wolfgang R. , Eschenbach Annette , Kutzbach Lars , Jensen Kai 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEstuarine zonation and community assemblages are frequently correlated with salinity, although the extent or nature of this correlation varies considerably among the published studies. While a smooth transition in biological communities is often conceptualized in association with estuarine fresh, brackish, and marine conditions, many studies have shown more distinct communities and the altogether absence of a brackish community. We explore these viewpoints in light of plant observations and soil and aquatic microbial analyses from permanent plots established on the Elbe River Estuary of northern Germany. Generally, two distinct communities were observed, a polyhaline assemblage towards the mouth of the system, and another that was associated with both the fresh and brackish mesohaline regimes further upriver. This was most pronounced among plant and soil bacteria communities, while aquatic 16S assemblages reflected little distinction at all. The proportion of marine classified taxa declined from the mouth to upriver and suggests that while the transition from marine to brackish or fresh vegetation falls within the sampled area, the same transition for microbial taxa could not be observed and may be further upriver. Thus, although we were able to identify two distinct communities, the “limit” of marine taxa was only evident for vegetation. While tidal and weather-related hydrology, as well as soil properties were also influential in distinguishing the communities, much of the variance remains unexplained. Further sampling, classification, and partitioning is necessary to determine the origin and/or autochthonous habitat, if any, for the Elbe River estuarine taxa.Geographic boundsbottom left: 53.556216°N, 8.824398°Etop right: 53.917760 °N, 10.155669 °E
Role of antibody-dependent enhancement in DENV-infected Wistar rats as a dengue murine model
Authors: Wihanto Laura , Tedyanto Cecilia Putri , Suwasanti Niluh , Sutandhio Silvia , Sucipto Teguh Hari 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPreclinical studies for discovering and developing a drug for a disease involve utilizing animals as experimental subjects. The search for an effective and efficient murine model of dengue virus (DENV) infection is ongoing to support further scientific updates. This study aimed to explore the suitability of Wistar rats as a murine model for DENV infection. Twenty-four Wistar rats (male sex, 2-3 months old, 200-300 grams weight) were randomly divided into four groups (n=6 per group): control group (no infection), SC-Group (DENV-2 s.c.), IV-Group (DENV-2 i.v.), and ADE-Group (DENV-3 i.p. twice and DENV-2 i.v. once). Inactive 0.2 mL of 1011FFU/mL DENV-3 were injected on days -14 and -5. Active 0.2 mL of 5 x 108FFU/mL DENV-2 were injected on day 0. Rectal temperature was measured on day 0 until 6. NS1 antigen tests were carried out from the viral medium on days -14, -5, and 0 and from the blood serum samples on day 4. Hematological parameters (leukocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrits, and platelets) were analyzed on days 0, 4, and 6. Biochemical parameters (albumin, ALT, and AST) were analyzed on day 6. SC-Group showed significant increases in the temperature from day 0 to day 1 (p=0.028). IV-Group showed significant increases in the temperature from day 0 to day 1 (p=0.007), day 2 (p=0.002), and day 3 (p=0.006). There were significant temperature increases on day 1 (p=0.047), day 2 (p=0.009), and day 3 (p=0.001) compared to the control group. ADE-Group had a mortality rate of 33.3%, lusterless and ruffled hair coat, and several hemorrhagic manifestations. ADE-Group also showed significant increases in the temperature from day 0 to day 2 (p=0.043) and day 3 (p=0.038). There were significant temperature increases on day 1 (p=0.048), day 2 (p=0.002), day 3 (p=0.000), and day 4 (p=0.004) compared to the control group. Leukocytes in the ADE-Group showed significant decreases from day 0 to day 6 (p=0.021). ALT (p=0.033) and AST (p=0.011) of the ADE-Group also showed significant increases compared to the control group. DENV infection through an induction method adapted from the antibody-dependent enhancement mechanism shows the most severe clinical manifestations and laboratory findings compared to other induction methods in Wistar rats.
Volumetric mesoscopic electrophysiology: a new imaging modality for the non-human primate
Authors: Teichert Tobias , Papp László , Vincze Ferenc , Burns Nioka , Goodell Baldwin , Ahmed Zabir , Holmes Andrew , Gray Charles M , Chamanzar Maysam , Gurnsey Kate 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe primate brain is a densely interconnected organ whose function is best understood by recording from the entire structure in parallel, rather than parts of it in sequence. However, available methods either have limited temporal resolution (functional magnetic resonance imaging), limited spatial resolution (macroscopic electroencephalography), or a limited field of view (microscopic electrophysiology). To address this need, we developed a volumetric, mesoscopic recording approach (MePhys) by tessellating the volume of a monkey hemisphere with 992 electrode contacts that were distributed across 62 chronically implanted multi-electrode shafts. We showcase the scientific promise of MePhys by describing the functional interactions of local field potentials between the more than 300,000 simultaneously recorded pairs of electrodes. We find that a subanesthetic dose of ketamine –believed to mimic certain aspects of psychosis– can create a pronounced state of functional disconnection and prevent the formation of stable large-scale intrinsic states. We conclude that MePhys provides a new and fundamentally distinct window into brain function whose unique profile of strengths and weaknesses complements existing approaches in synergistic ways.
Omicron-specific naive B cell maturation alleviates immune imprinting induced by SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine
Authors: Yisimayi Ayijiang , Song Weiliang , Wang Jing , Jian Fanchong , Yu Yuanling , Chen Xiaosu , Xu Yanli , An Ran , Wang Yao , Wang Jing , Sun Haiyan , Wang Peng , Yu Lingling , Shao Fei , Jin Ronghua , Shen Zhongyang , Wang Youchun , Cao Yunlong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain-induced immune imprinting poses great challenges to vaccine updates. Studies showed that repeated Omicron exposures could override immune imprinting induced by inactivated vaccines but not mRNA vaccines, a disparity yet to be understood. Here, we analyzed the underlying mechanism of immune imprinting alleviation in inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac) cohorts. We observed in CoronaVac-vaccinated individuals who experienced BA.5/BF.7 breakthrough infection (BTI), the proportion of Omicron-specific memory B cells (MBCs) substantially increased after an extended period post-Omicron BTI, with their antibodies displaying enhanced somatic hypermutation and neutralizing potency. Consequently, the neutralizing antibody epitope distribution encoded by MBCs post-BA.5/BF.7 BTI after prolonged maturation closely mirrors that in BA.5/BF.7-infected unvaccinated individuals. Together, these results indicate the activation and expansion of Omicron-specific naïve B cells generated by first-time Omicron exposure helped to alleviate CoronaVac-induced immune imprinting, and the absence of this process should have caused the persistent immune imprinting seen in mRNA vaccine recipients.HighlightsLongitudinal MBC profiling of CoronaVac-vaccinated individuals following BA.5 BTIOmicron-specific MBC proportion rises greatly after extended period post-BA.5 BTIOmicron-specific naive B cell maturation reduces ancestral strain immune imprinting