bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐surgical management of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction‐ a UK survey
Authors: Miller Alison , Smith Toby , Backhouse Michael R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundPosterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction (PTTD) is commonly seen within musculoskeletal care. The condition's prevalence and management is poorly understood. This study aims to demonstrate current practice by multi‐professional clinicians across the United Kingdom within the National Health Service.MethodsA national (UK) cross‐sectional online survey was conducted among multi‐professionals who treat PTTD within their NHS practice. The survey covered assessment, management and evaluation. This was shared via social media and professional groups.ResultsTwo hundred thirteen surveys were completed, with 153 matching the eligibility criteria. The main respondents were Physiotherapists (48%) and Podiatrists (38%). Ultrasound scanning was used most frequently when considering initial imaging (67%). Many different treatment modalities were used, but a core set of education/advice, foot orthoses, and foot specific as well as general exercise were most commonly chosen. Outcome measures routinely used were pain scale (96/269) and single leg heel raise (84/269), but patient reported outcome measures were not routinely used. The most frequent reason to escalate care was failure to manage symptoms with conservative management (106/123; 86.2%), followed by fixed deformity (10/123; 8.2%).ConclusionsThis survey provides evidence on current non‐surgical management for PTTD from UK NHS practice. It provides a valuable marker for clinicians to use to compare their own practice and can be used in further research as a comparator.
Factors associated with prefectural level physical activity in Japan: An ecological study
Authors: Horinouchi Noboru , Kataoka Yuki , Yamamoto Kyoko , Shiota Seiji , Miyazaki Eishi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundPhysical activity inequalities are an important global concern; nonetheless, few studies have comprehensively examined the association between physical activity inequalities and related factors. We aimed to explore factors associated with regional inequalities in physical activity in Japan.MethodsWe investigated the relationship of individual, psychological/behavioral, social, and built‐environmental factors with the proportion of individuals with exercise habits across Japanese prefectures. We sourced data from open databases, including the Japanese National Health Insurance Claims and Nationwide Screening Program Database. We defined exercise habits as engaging in at least 30 min of moderate exercise at least twice a week. We employed multiple regression analysis to identify factors associated with prefectural level physical activity.ResultsThe median proportion of individuals with exercise habits was 27% (interquartile range, 25–29). Higher frequency of exercise habits was associated with higher frequency of history of exercise (coefficients, 0.60; 95% confidence interval, 0.41–0.80) and lower proportion of female gender (coefficients, −1.74; 95% confidence interval, −2.80 to −0.69).ConclusionsExercise history and female gender may be related to prefectural level physical activity in Japan. Physical activity interventions should be promoted among women without exercise history.
Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio is elevated in acute hantavirus infection and correlates with markers of disease severity
Authors: Nusshag Christian , Gruber Gefion , Zeier Martin , Krautkrämer Ellen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPathogenic Eurasian hantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), which is characterized by acute kidney injury. The clinical course shows a broad range of severity and is influenced by direct and immune‐mediated effects. The neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a marker of systemic inflammation and predicts severity and outcome in various diseases. Therefore, we examined the role of NLR in HFRS caused by hantavirus Puumala (PUUV) and its association with disease severity and kidney injury. We detected elevated NLR levels on admission (NLRadm: median 3.82, range 1.75−7.59), which increased during acute HFRS. Maximum NLR levels (NLRmax: median 4.19, range 1.75−13.16) were 2.38‐fold higher compared to the reference NLR level of 1.76 in the general population. NLR levels on admission correlate with markers of severity (length of hospital stay, serum creatinine) but not with other markers of severity (leukocytes, platelets, C‐reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, serum albumin, proteinuria). Interestingly, levels of nephrin, which is a specific marker of podocyte damage in kidney injury, are highest on admission and correlate with NLRmax, but not with NLRadm. Together, we observed a correlation between systemic inflammation and the severity of HFRS, but our results also revealed that podocyte damage precedes these inflammatory processes.
A translational murine model of aseptic loosening with osseointegration failure
Authors: Thomson Andrew L. , Suhardi Vincentius J. , Niu Yingzhen , Oktarina Anastasia , Döring Kevin , Chao Christina , Greenblatt Matthew B. , Ivashkiv Lionel B. , Bostrom Mathias P. G. , Yang Xu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAn in vivo animal model of a weight‐bearing intra‐articular implant is crucial to the study of implant osseointegration and aseptic loosening caused by osseointegration failure. Osseointegration, defined as a direct structural and functional attachment between living bone tissue and the surface of a load‐carrying implant, is essential for implant stability and considered a prerequisite for the long‐term clinical success of implants in total joint arthroplasty. Compared to large animal models, murine models offer extensive genetic tools for tracing cell differentiation and proliferation. The 18‐ to 22‐week‐old C57BL/6J background mice underwent either press‐fitted or loose implantation of a titanium implant, achieving osseointegration or fibrous integration. A protocol was developed for both versions of the procedure, including a description of the relevant anatomy. Samples were subjected to microcomputed tomography and underwent biomechanical testing to access osseointegration. Lastly, samples were fixed and embedded for histological evaluation. The absence of mineralized tissue and weakened maximum pull‐out force in loose implantation samples indicated that these implants were less mechanically stable compared to the control at 4 weeks postoperation. Histological analysis demonstrated extensive fibrotic tissue in the peri‐implant area of loose implantation samples and excellent implant osseointegration in press‐fitted samples at 4 weeks. Both mechanically stable and unstable hemiarthroplasty models with either osseous ingrowth or a robust periprosthetic fibrosis were achieved in mice. We hope that this model can help address current limitations for in vivo study of aseptic loosening and lead to necessary translational benefits.
Unlocking Novel Anticancer Strategies: Bioactive Hydrogels for Local Delivery of Plasma‐Derived Oxidants in an In Ovo Cancer Model
Authors: Espona‐Noguera Albert , Živanić Milica , Smits Evelien , Bogaerts Annemie , Privat‐Maldonado Angela , Canal Cristina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a tool with the ability to generate reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), which can induce therapeutic effects like disinfection, wound healing, and cancer treatment. In the plasma oncology field, CAP‐treated hydrogels (PTHs) are being explored for the local administration of CAP‐derived RONS as a novel anticancer approach. PTHs have shown anticancer effects in vitro, however, they have not yet been studied in more relevant cancer models. In this context, the present study explores for the first time the therapeutic potential of PTHs using an advanced in ovo cancer model. PTHs composed of alginate (Alg), gelatin (Gel), Alg/Gel combination, or Alg/hyaluronic acid (HA) combination are investigated. All embryos survived the PTHs treatment, suggesting that the in ovo model could become a time‐ and cost‐effective tool for developing hydrogel‐based anticancer approaches. Results revealed a notable reduction in CD44+ cell population and their proliferative state for the CAP‐treated Alg‐HA condition. Moreover, the CAP‐treated Alg‐HA formulation alters the extracellular matrix composition, which may help combat drug‐resistance. In conclusion, the present study validates the utility of in ovo cancer model for PTHs exploration and highlights the promising potential of Alg‐based PTHs containing HA and CAP‐derived RONS for cancer treatment.
Influence of the Crosslinker Hydrophobicity on the Swelling Kinetics of Poly(Acrylic Acid) Microgels
Authors: Linder Torsten Gereon , Heinzelmann Alima , Kamphus Juliane , Seiffert Sebastian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSuperabsorbent polymer gels are widely used in commercial areas, such as in hygiene products. A key aspect in these and other applications is the gel swelling kinetics, and a key factor of influence on that is the hydrophobicity of the gel. This paper reports on the synthesis of superabsorbent polymer microgel particles with four differently hydrophobic crosslinkers: N,N’‐methylenebisacrylamide (MBAA), N,N’‐ethylenebisacrylamide (EBAA), N,N’‐propylenebisacrylamide (PBAA), and N,N’‐butylenebisacrylamide (BBAA). This work uses droplet‐based microfluidics to produce uniform and well‐defined microgel specimen and study the influence of the crosslinker hydrophobicity on the swelling kinetics. In particular, this work determines swelling constants and their dependencies on the temperature of the swelling medium as well as the activation energies of swelling in relation to the crosslinker hydrophobicity. This work finds two competing effects, leading to a narrow window in which the activation energy of the swelling of the microgels decreases with increasing crosslinker hydrophobicity.
Lessons from COVID‐19: Aspects of prevention, therapeutics, and diagnostics against SARS‐CoV‐2 with special focus on JN.1 and XBB sublineages
Authors: Jaishwal Puja , Gyaneshwari Upagya , Jha Kisalay , Pandey Brijesh , Yadav Thakur P. , Singh Satarudra P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe end of second decade in the 21st century witnessed a prominent disease outbreak caused by the novel coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2 (including most diverse omicron subvariants), where the death toll crossed the boundary of 6.9 million across the globe by December 19, 2023. All spheres of central dogma of molecular biology and host‒pathogen interaction was explored to find ways in diagnostics, isolation, curtailment, and therapy. Above all, diagnostics and therapeutics against COVID‐19 took an enormous jump, which needs to be evaluated for accuracy and feasibility and requires serious compilation for current and future generations. With the same objective, this review encompasses the diverse ways including prevention practiced and proposed during the handling of this pandemic across the globe. It involves the role of mutations in viruses and subsequent epitope mapping with potential immune escape mechanisms of SARS‐CoV‐2 variants including the conservancy of T‐cell epitopes has also been highlighted. The efficacy in antigen/antibody‐based diagnostics, RT‒PCR‐ and NGS‐based confirmation of pathogen presence, and imaging (X‐ray/CT‐scan) for symptoms and damage assessment has been thoroughly filtered. The possibility of errors in diagnostics and their cause and consequences have also been presented for the ease of readers and further improvisers.
A database of videos of physical exercise and sedentary behaviours to investigate automatic processes and perceptions related to physical exercise
Authors: Cascino Giammarco , Di Lodovico Laura , Ceres Rossella , Monteleone Alessio Maria , Gorwood Philip , Monteleone Palmiero 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe Videos of Physical Exercise and Sedentary Behaviours (VPESB) database is a novel database designed to experimentally investigate neural reactivity to physical exercise. The aim of this database is to provide a variety of dynamic images with a minimum of confounding factors.MethodsA total of 196 healthy participants were recruited to evaluate 10 clips of sedentary activities and 10 clips of physical exercise. Each activity was performed by a male and female performer, resulting in a total of 40 video clips of 10 s each.ResultsThe validation procedure confirmed the ability of these videoclips to accurately represent both sedentary and physical activity. In addition, video clips of physical activity were associated with higher effort ratings than sedentary activities (p < 0.01).ConclusionsThe VPESB is a versatile, rapid and easy‐to‐use tool that can be used to understand emotional and behavioural approaches to physical activity and to better disentangle some clinical conditions in which physical activity plays a central role.
Multiphoton simultaneous multislice imaging
Authors: Ipek Tanya Deniz , Han Victor , Maravilla Julian Adolfo , Lustig Michael , Liu Chunlei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeTo develop multiphoton excitation techniques for simultaneous multislice (SMS) imaging and evaluate their performance and specific absorption rate (SAR) benefit. To improve multiphoton SMS reconstruction quality with a novel CAIPIRINHA (controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration) design.Theory and MethodsWhen a conventional single‐slice RF field is applied together with an oscillating gradient field, the two can combine to generate multiphoton excitation at multiple discrete spatial locations. Because the conventional RF is reused at multiple spatial locations, multiphoton excitation offers reduced SAR for SMS applications. CAIPIRINHA shifts are often used to improve parallel‐imaging acceleration. Interestingly, CAIPIRINHA‐type shifts can be obtained for multiphoton SMS by updating the oscillating gradient phase at every phase encode. In this work, both a gradient‐echo and a spin‐echo sequence with multiphoton CAIPIRINHA‐SMS excitation pulses are implemented for in vivo human imaging at 3 T.ResultsFor three slices, multiphoton SMS provides a 51% reduction in SAR compared with conventional superposition SMS, whereas for five slices, SAR is reduced by 66%. Multiphoton SMS outperforms PINS (power independent of number of slices) and MultiPINS in terms of SAR reduction especially when the pulse duration is short, slices are thin, and/or the slice spacing is large. A custom CAIPIRINHA phase‐encoding design for multiphoton SMS significantly improves reconstruction quality.ConclusionMultiphoton SMS excitation can be obtained by combining conventional single‐slice RF pulses with an oscillating gradient and offers significant SAR benefits compared with conventional superposition SMS. A novel CAIPIRINHA design allows higher multiband factors for multiphoton SMS imaging.
A review of bioplastics as an alternative to petrochemical plastics: Its types, structure, characteristics, degradation, standards, and feedstocks
Authors: Swetha T. Angelin , Bora Abhispa , Ananthy V. , Ponnuchamy Kumar , Muthusamy Govarthanan , Arun A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPlastic is a widely available material in every aspect of life, and its long‐term usage is an important threat to the environment. An enormous quantity of plastic waste has been discharged into the environment throughout the world, resulting in global white pollution. The weathering of accumulated plastic waste in the environment, which can further break down into small fragments like microplastics and nanoplastics, will harm the ecosystem and humans. Therefore, the production and disposal of plastics need to be considered. Bioplastics are increasingly being used as an alternative to conventional plastics; their primary purpose is to solve pollution‐related problems with plastics. Bioplastics (BPs) are an adequate substitute for traditional plastics since they have less carbon footprint and are readily biodegradable, but not all bioplastics can degrade entirely in the natural environment. Due to less environmental impact, bioplastics are defined as polymers produced by using renewable feedstocks or by microorganisms. BP has a wide range of applications in the medical, automotive, and food packaging industries, and it has the potential impact on effect of development of low‐carbon environment. The standards bioplastics must meet to be called compostable or biodegradable are determined by certified worldwide standard processes. The primary purpose of this review is to focus on bioplastics as an alternative tool to plastic—its types, structure, characteristics, degradation behavior, standard techniques, feedstock used for the production of bioplastic, process for its development, and limitation of bioplastics.
Preparation of benzothiocyanine‐carboxymethyl cellulose composite film and its antimicrobial properties
Authors: Wang Long , Li Chaojie , Li Xue , Xia Zi'ang , Yang Jingxue , Xu Baoming , Zhang Heng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCellulose has a wide range of uses. It could be modified to create cellulose‐based hydrophobic materials and cellulose‐based conductive and stable flexible films, but it did not have antibacterial properties and was susceptible to bacterial erosion. In order to improve the utilization of cellulose materials and broaden the application of cellulose materials, cellulose could be given certain antibacterial properties by combining it with antimicrobial agents. This study focused on creating an organic antimicrobial agent, Benzothiocyanine (TCMTB), from CH2ClBr, and then developing a TCMTB‐CMC composite antimicrobial film by combining TCMTB with CMC. The successful synthesis of TCMTB was confirmed through NMR hydrogen spectroscopy testing. By varying the proportions of TCMTB in CMC, three types of composite antimicrobial cellulose film were produced. The study also assessed the impact of TCMTB on the mechanical strength of CMC film and tested the antimicrobial effectiveness of the composite film using the plate counting method. Results showed that the composite film had high inhibition rates, with 96.2% against Escherichia coli and 98.6% against Staphylococcus aureus. To establish a theoretical foundation for its use in seed encapsulation, leather preservation, and other applications.
Proposal for standardized prenatal assessment of fetal open dysraphisms by the European reference network for Intellectual disability, TeleHealth, Autism and Congenital Anomalies (ITHACA) and eUROGEN
Authors: Guilbaud Lucie , Carreras Elena , Garel Catherine , Maiz Nerea , Dhombres Ferdinand , Deprest Jan , Jouannic Jean‐Marie ,   Workgroup Spina Bifida and other Dysraphisms (SBoD), ITHACA‐eUROGEN European reference networks
Published: June 2024

AbstractOpen dysraphisms, that is, myelomeningocele and myeloschisis, are rare diseases associated with a risk of severe disability, including lower limb motor and sensory deficiency, sphincter deficiency, and potential intellectual deficiency. Open dysraphism is diagnosed in Europe in 93.5% of cases. In case of suspicion of fetal open dysraphism, a detailed fetal morphologic assessment is required to confirm the diagnosis and exclude associated structural anomalies, as well as genetic assessment. In case of isolated fetal open dysraphism, assessment of prognosis is based on fetal imaging including the level of the lesion, the presence or not of a sac, the presence and nature of intra cranial anomalies, and the anatomical and functional evaluation of the lower extremities. Based on these biomarkers, a personalized prognosis as well as comprehensive information about prenatal management alternatives will allow parents to decide on further management options. Standardization of prenatal assessment is essential to compare outcomes with benchmark data and make assessment of surgical innovation possible. Herein, we propose a protocol for the standardized ultrasound assessment of fetuses with isolated open dysraphism.
Cultivating sustainable development in corporate internal matters: Nexus among high‐performance work systems, creativity, and impersonal trust from normative stakeholder theory
Authors: Yu Yi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSustainable development is crucial for organizational internal matters since it supports fostering long‐term resilience and efficiency of the organizations. Sustainable development practices enhance resource management, reduce costs, and attract environmentally conscious stakeholders. This study attempts to understand the importance of sustainable development (SD) concerning high‐performance work systems (HPWS), creativity (CRV), and impersonal trust (IT) drawing on the normative perspective of stakeholder theory. First, the study investigates the connection between high work performance and sustainable development within three major levels such as social, economic, and environmental development. Second, this study examines the mediation of creativity among the nexus of HPWS and sustainable development. Finally, the study explores a moderating influence of impersonal trust between HPWS and sustainable development, respectively. Using structural equation modeling (SEM) statistical method employing SmartPls, this study assured the directions among the nexus of HPWS, creativity, impersonal trust, and SD. The study confirmed a positive association between HPWS and sustainable development. Similarly, a mediating sway of creativity and moderation of impersonal trust was observed between the connection of HPWS and sustainable development. This study furnishes insights into creativity that drives innovation, interpersonal skills foster collaboration, and HPWS optimizes efficiency and employee engagement that together optimize the sustainable development of the corporation. Besides, the study discusses certain drawbacks that generate new work prospects for scholars.
Trag‐ und Ermüdungsverhalten von Stumpfnähten in Blechen unterschiedlicher Dicken
Authors: Rauch Marion , Röscher Stefanie , Knobloch Markus 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDer Querschnitt weitgespannter Konstruktionen aus Stahl wird üblicherweise an den Biegemomentenverlauf angepasst. Hierzu wird im Bereich von Stumpfstößen in Flanschen von I‐förmigen Trägern ein Dickenübergang ausgebildet. Das Ermüdungsverhalten dieses Konstruktionsdetails ist komplex und unterscheidet sich von einem Stumpfstoß in Blechen gleicher Dicke. In diesem Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse von 30 Kerbdetailversuchen präsentiert und das Verhalten von Stumpfstößen in Blechen mit einem Dickenübergang demjenigen gleicher Dicke gegenübergestellt. Die statistische Auswertung der Versuche zeigt einen höheren Ermüdungswiderstand für Stumpfstöße mit einem Dickenübergang im Vergleich zu Stößen in Blechen gleicher Dicke. Die Einordnung des letztgenannten Details in Kerbfall 90 nach FprEN1993‐1‐9:2024 kann bestätigt werden. Die Nachrechnung der Kerbdetailversuche mit dem Zwei‐Phasen‐Modell bestätigt dessen Anwendbarkeit für die analytisch‐numerische Prognose der Lebensdauer komplexer geschweißter Konstruktionsdetails. Zudem belegt die Anwendung des Modells den Einfluss des Blechdicken‐ und Spannungsverhältnisses auf die Lebensdauer von Stumpfstößen mit Dickenübergang.