bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baryons and Dark Matter halo distributions in ΛCDM Cosmology
Authors: Pedrosa Susana , Tissera Patricia , Scannapieco Cecilia 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe analyse the dark matter (DM) distribution in a ≈1012M⊙ halo extracted from a simulation consistent with the concordance cosmology, where the physics regulating the transformation of gas into stars was allowed to change producing galaxies with different morphologies. Although the DM profiles get more concentrated as baryons are collected at the centre of the haloes compared to a pure dynamical run, the total baryonic mass alone is not enough to fully predict the reaction of the DM profile. Our findings suggest that the response of the DM halo is driven by the history of assembly of baryons into a galaxy. The accretion of satellites could be associated with an expansion of the dark matter profiles, triggered by angular momentum transfer from the incoming satellites. However, we also found that these mechanism have different efficiencies which are set by the history of formation of the structure.
Evolution of Stellar Population: Environments vs galaxy interactions
Authors: Perez Josefa , Tissera Patricia , Padilla Nelson , Alonso Sol , Lambas Diego G. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractSeveral authors have studied the dependence of galaxy properties on environment in order to understand which mechanisms operate in the galaxy evolution. Recently, some of them have proposed that intermediate densities could be sites where local environment influences the transition of galaxies onto the red-sequence, as opposed to mechanisms that operate on cluster scales. Based on the evidence that interacting and merging systems are frequent at intermediate densities, we use the SDSS-DR4 data to analyse the role of close galaxy interactions as an environmental process which could contribute to lead evolutionary transformations. We explore the properties of galaxy pairs at different local and global density environments, comparing them with those of isolate galaxies in an unbiased control sample (CS).
Probing Stellar Mass Assembly in the Virgo Cluster
Authors: Roediger Joel C. , Courteau Stéphane , McDonald Michael , MacArthur Lauren A. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe have examined in detail both the resolved and integrated stellar content of a representative sample of galaxies in the Virgo cluster to constrain plausible formation/evolution scenarios for them. Systematic variations in age and metallicity gradients along the Hubble sequence are found such that the gradients become more negative for later types. Combined with correlations of the above stellar properties with both structure and environment, these data highlight the significance of merging in the assembly of massive spheroids and environmental phenomena (gas removal/interactions) in the evolution of disks and dwarf systems. Our data also provide useful perspectives on a number of important topics in the recent literature.
Galaxy disc heating as a result of minor mergers
Authors: Tapia M. T. , Balcells M. , Eliche-Moral M. C. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe perform a sample of N-body simulations of a minor merger between a Milky Way type galaxy and a satellite, which is density scaled version of the primary galaxy. In this suite of collisionless runs we change the value of some critical parameters like the luminous mass ratio between the two galaxies (1 : 6, 1 : 9), the type of orbit (direct or prograde) and the number of particles (185,000, 555,000 and 1,850,000). We estimate the disc thickening by measuring the median of the vertical scale and we find that that the merger increases the scale height in a factor of ≈2 in all the remnants.
Exotic behavior and crystal structures of calcium under pressure
Authors: Oganov Artem R. , Ma Yanming , Xu Ying , Errea Ion , Bergara Aitor , Lyakhov Andriy O. 
Published: April 2010

Experimental studies established that calcium undergoes several counterintuitive transitions under pressure: fcc → bcc → simple cubic → Ca-IV → Ca-V, and becomes a good superconductor in the simple cubic and higher-pressure phases. Here, using ab initio evolutionary simulations, we explore the behavior of Ca under pressure and find a number of new phases. Our structural sequence differs from the traditional picture for Ca, but is similar to that for Sr. The β-tin (
I
4
1
/
amd
) structure, rather than simple cubic, is predicted to be the theoretical ground state at 0 K and 33–71 GPa. This structure can be represented as a large distortion of the simple cubic structure, just as the higher-pressure phases stable between 71 and 134 GPa. The structure of Ca-V, stable above 134 GPa, is a complex host-guest structure. According to our calculations, the predicted phases are superconductors with
Tc
increasing under pressure and reaching approximately 20 K at 120 GPa, in good agreement with experiment.
Detection and characterization of novel sequence insertions using paired-end next-generation sequencing
Authors: Hajirasouliha Iman , Hormozdiari Fereydoun , Alkan Can , Kidd Jeffrey M. , Birol Inanc , Eichler Evan E. , Sahinalp S. Cenk 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Motivation: In the past few years, human genome structural variation discovery has enjoyed increased attention from the genomics research community. Many studies were published to characterize short insertions, deletions, duplications and inversions, and associate copy number variants (CNVs) with disease. Detection of new sequence insertions requires sequence data, however, the ‘detectable’ sequence length with read-pair analysis is limited by the insert size. Thus, longer sequence insertions that contribute to our genetic makeup are not extensively researched.
Results: We present NovelSeq: a computational framework to discover the content and location of long novel sequence insertions using paired-end sequencing data generated by the next-generation sequencing platforms. Our framework can be built as part of a general sequence analysis pipeline to discover multiple types of genetic variation (SNPs, structural variation, etc.), thus it requires significantly less-computational resources than de novo sequence assembly. We apply our methods to detect novel sequence insertions in the genome of an anonymous donor and validate our results by comparing with the insertions discovered in the same genome using various sources of sequence data.
Availability: The implementation of the NovelSeq pipeline is available at http://compbio.cs.sfu.ca/strvar.htm
Contact: eee@gs.washington.edu; cenk@cs.sfu.ca
Vibrio marisflavi sp. nov., isolated from seawater
Authors: Wang Hong , Liu Jiwen , Wang Yan , Zhang Xiao-Hua 
Published: April 2010

A Gram-reaction-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacterial strain, designated WH134T, was isolated from a seawater sample collected at a depth of 10 m near the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass (YSCWM), 3 ° 59.970′ N 12 ° 0.157′ E, PR China. Cells of strain WH134T were slightly curved rods, motile by means of a polar flagellum and positive for poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) accumulation. The strain was able to grow in 1–6 % (w/v) NaCl, at pH 5–10 and 16–37 °C but not at 4 or 40 °C. The major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 C16
: 1
ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0, C18 : 1
ω7c, C18 : 0 and C14 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 42.5 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA, gyrB, topA, recA, ftsZ, mreB, gapA and rpoA gene sequences revealed that strain WH134T belongs to the genus Vibrio and showed gene sequence similarities of 96.6, 75.7, 74.6, 83.6, 78.9, 82.9, 86.0 and 89.4 % , respectively, to Vibrio rumoiensis S-1T. The possession of a flagellum, activity of arginine dihydrolase and lysine decarboxylase and inability to utilize citrate, however, differentiated strain WH134T from V. rumoiensis DSM 19141T. On the basis of the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic evidence, strain WH134T represents a novel species of the genus Vibrio, for which the name Vibrio marisflavi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is WH134T (=CGMCC 1.8994T =LMG 25284T =DSM 23086T).
Increasing ω-3 Desaturase Expression in Tomato Results in Altered Aroma Profile and Enhanced Resistance to Cold Stress
Authors: Domínguez Teresa , HernÁndez M. Luisa , Pennycooke Joyce C. , Jiménez Pedro , Martínez-Rivas José Manuel , Sanz Carlos , Stockinger Eric J. , SÁnchez-Serrano José J. , Sanmartín Maite 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
One of the drawbacks in improving the aroma properties of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit is the complexity of this organoleptic trait, with a great variety of volatiles contributing to determine specific quality features. It is well established that the oxylipins hexanal and (Z)-hex-3-enal, synthesized through the lipoxygenase pathway, are among the most important aroma compounds and impart in a correct proportion some of the unique fresh notes in tomato. Here, we confirm that all enzymes responsible for the synthesis of these C6 compounds are present and active in tomato fruit. Moreover, due to the low odor threshold of (Z)-hex-3-enal, small changes in the concentration of this compound could modify the properties of the tomato fruit aroma. To address this possibility, we have overexpressed the ω-3 fatty acid desaturases FAD3 and FAD7 that catalyze the conversion of linoleic acid (18:2) to linolenic acid (18:3), the precursor of hexenals and its derived alcohols. Transgenic OE-FAD tomato plants exhibit altered fatty acid composition, with an increase in the 18:3/18:2 ratio in leaves and fruits. These changes provoke a clear variation in the C6 content that results in a significant alteration of the (Z)-hex-3-enal/hexanal ratio that is particularly important in ripe OE-FAD3FAD7 fruits. In addition to this effect on tomato volatile profile, OE-FAD tomato plants are more tolerant to chilling. However, the different behaviors of OE-FAD plants underscore the existence of separate fatty acid fluxes to ensure plant survival under adverse conditions.
Production and utilisation of gastric rafts from polysaccharide combinations to induce satiety
Authors: Tang Mingguo , Alvani Kamran , Tester Richard F. 
Published: April 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to prepare alginate‐pectin‐starch containing matrices expanded by the generation of carbon dioxide, from carbonates when in contact with acids, characterise their structure in vitro and to assess their capacity to provide satiety in vivo.Design/methodology/approachFor in vitro characterisation, carbon dioxide expanded polysaccharide matrices (rafts) were prepared in HCl and their structural strength was measured in terms of their capacity to resist breakage in a model test system. For in vivo trials, 12 healthy volunteers (mixed sex, aged 25‐55) were recruited to take part in the three‐part trial. Each part lasted for one week where volunteers consumed polysaccharides (in 50 ml water) with or without rafting salts (carbonates), or water (as a control). Effects on satiety, reduction of food intake and any change to body weight were evaluated with the volunteers.FindingsThe in vitro results showed that aqueous solution/dispersions (50 ml) of alginate‐pectin‐starch matrices produced rafts in hydrochloric acid (pH < 2), where increasing the ratio of carbonates to polysaccharides (range from 0.25:1 to 1.5:1, w/w) provided increased floatation capability but reducing gel strength. These rafts were stable for over 24 h at room temperature within 0.05‐0.5 M HCl. For in vivo “satiety” studies, when volunteers consumed (daily) aliquots of the polysaccharide mixture plus flavour and sweetener without carbonates 2.5 h after lunch, they felt the onset of hunger on average 186 ± 68 min after consumption of the polysaccharides. This was not significantly different from a water only control (onset of hunger at 165 ± 47 min). When polysaccharides plus flavour sweetener and carbonates were consumed, however, volunteers reported feeling the onset of hunger at 224 ± 62 min on average after consumption which was significantly different from the water control (p < 0.001), or the polysaccharides without carbonates (p < 0.01). When consuming the polysaccharide rafting format, half of the volunteers reported a reduction in size of their evening meal.Originality/valueThese data indicate that the alginate‐pectin‐starch combination with carbonate salts in a “gastric rafting format” provide a potential approach in the management of body weight and obesity.
Physicochemical properties of Roselle seed oil
Authors: Isaac Bamgboye Adeleke , Adejumo Oyebola I. 
Published: April 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine the physicochemical properties of oil produced from Roselle seeds.Design/methodology/approachThe oil was produced from the seeds by mechanical expression and the physicochemical properties of the oil determined using the AOAC methods.FindingsThe values of the physicochemical properties of oil from Roselle seed are saponification value 126.2, iodine value 111.2, viscosity 22.5 cp, refractive index 1.4472 and specific gravity 0.9558. The peroxide value varied between 6.0‐9.3 and 5.9‐9.0; and free fatty acid, 0.435‐2.300 and 0.510‐3.311 for fine and coarse samples, respectively. These values compared favourably with standard values, indicating that the oil extracted is edible.Originality/valueThe properties are useful in determining the suitability of the oil from the Roselle seeds as edible oil or for other industrial purposes.
Television viewing and fast food intake of American and Japanese college students
Authors: Kobayashi Futoshi 
Published: April 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between daily television viewing duration and weekly fast food intake of American and Japanese college students.Design/methodology/approachFrom the archival database of lifestyle study (Kobayashi, 2007), the relevant variables were chosen and reanalyzed.FindingsIn 222 Japanese participants, there were no significant differences between the infrequent (less than 60 min) and the frequent (60 min and more) television viewers regarding their weekly fast food intake. However, in 147 American participants, the frequent (60 min and more) television viewers indicated significantly larger intake of fast food per week than the infrequent (less than 60 min) television viewers.Research limitations/implicationsDue to the limited sample size, the results of this study might lack generalizability. Further research on this issue should be conducted in the future.Practical implicationsThe findings suggested possible influences of television viewing upon fast food intake of American college students.Originality/valueThere were few studies that investigated the media effects on fast food intake of both American and Japanese college students. This study might be the first one.
Individualized dietary intervention and hospitalized patients, Tehran, Iran
Authors: Amirkalali Bahareh , Hosseini Saeed , Ramezani Fatemeh , Nejati Sara , Nayebi Neda , Larijani Bagher 
Published: April 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is first to examine whether standard hospital food met patients' requirements and second, to evaluate the effect of individualized dietary intervention on weight, BMI and body composition of the patients.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 69 patients (37 in the intervention group and 32 in the control group) were randomly selected. Weight, height and body composition measurements were performed in both groups within 24 h after admission and at discharge. In the intervention group, encouraging with eating and drinking, replacing missed meals with supplements or enteral nutrition were used as strategies to improve dietary intake. Frequency, chi‐square, Wilcoxon and paired t‐test were used to analyze data.FindingsBefore intervention daily energy and protein intake were significantly lower than required amounts in both groups. After intervention energy intake met requirements in the intervention group while it was still less than requirements in the control group. Protein intake met requirements in both groups. There were no significant changes in body weight, BMI and body composition in the intervention group during hospitalization but in the control group weight, BMI and body protein decreased significantly.Originality/valueThis paper shows the importance of individualized dietary intervention to prevent weight and body protein loss of patients during hospitalization.
Use of slow release starch (SRS) to treat hypoglycaemia in type 1 diabetics
Authors: Qi Xin , Band Margaret , Tester Richard , Piggott John , Hurel Steve J. 
Published: April 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate if slow release starch (SRS) could be used to control/limit hypoglycaemia in type 1 diabetics.Design/methodology/approachTen type‐1 diabetic volunteers were fitted with continuous glucose monitors for two periods of 3 days when undertaking their normal routine or when consuming 60 g SRS before sleep.FindingsThe average number of nocturnal hypoglycaemic episodes where no SRS was consumed over 3 days was 2.7 ± 2.0 but only 0.7 ± 1.1 after SRS consumption before sleep. The duration of these events was equivalent to 318 ± 282 and 140 ± 337 min, respectively. Average nocturnal blood glucose concentration was 7.9 ± 1.4 mmol l−1 without SRS consumption but increased to 9.7 ± 2.7 mmol l−1 when SRS was consumed. These data were highly significant when subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) test on a subject by subject basis. The SRS may be used as a cost effective therapy to avoid hypoglycaemia in patients with type‐1 diabetes.Originality/valueThis paper reports for the first time the use of a physically modified waxy maize starch (SRS) to prevent/limit the incidence of nocturnal hypoglycaemia in type 1 diabetics.
Low‐fat diet: case study of a cardiology patient
Authors: Apekey Tanefa A. , Morris Anne J.E. , Fagbemi Shamusi , Griffiths G.J. 
Published: April 2010

PurposeHealthy diet and lifestyle have been shown to be important for obese patients in the management of diet‐related diseases especially in the improvement of cardiovascular disease risk indicators. The purpose of this paper is to determine the effects of a calorie‐restricted low‐fat diet on body weight, cardiovascular disease risk and liver function indicators in an obese, cardiology outpatient with type II diabetes.Design/methodology/approachA male, obese cardiology outpatient was assigned to a calorie‐restricted (6,694.4 kJ/d) low‐fat (not to exceed 20 per cent of total energy intake) diet for 12 weeks. His body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), pulse rate, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, alanine aminotranseferase, aspartate aminotranseferase (AST) concentration and TC/HDL ratio were measured prior to the start of the diet and during weeks four, eight and 12 of the diet.FindingsThe patient found it difficult making changes to his diet and only reduced his weight by 1 kg. He significantly reduced his serum triglyceride by about 20 per cent, TC/HDL ratio by 13 per cent and fasting blood glucose concentration by 31 per cent. However, there was no significant change in his BP, pulse rate, total and LDL cholesterol concentration. He also reduced his AST concentration by 20 per cent and alanine aminotranseferase (ALT) by 19 per cent.Originality/valueThis paper usefully shows how healthier food choices involving increased intake of fruits and vegetables and restricted intake of total and saturated fat reduced the risk of cardiovascular death in a male cardiology outpatient with type II diabetes.
Development of professional identity in Romanian business students
Authors: Glaser‐Segura Daniel A. , Mudge Suzanne , Brătianu Constantin , Dumitru Ionela 
Published: April 2010

PurposeThis study aims to focus on the role of learning activities on the development of Romanian students making the change from academia to the workplace, specifically focusing on the role of three learning activities: classroom teaching pedagogies (in‐vitro); field experiences (in‐situ); and self‐development experiential activities.Design/methodology/approachUsing a 12‐factor scale developed by the authors to measure the role of learning activities on professional identity (PI), 364 students in an English‐language BBA program at a prominent Romanian university were surveyed via an online survey service. From this sample 97 valid responses were obtained and these were regressed on a measure of PI to test three main hypotheses.FindingsIn‐vitro, in‐situ, and self‐development experiential activities exhibited a positive relationship to PI. The two most significant predictors of PI were found to be membership of a professional student group and the use of case studies in class.Practical implicationsThe findings of the study have practical implications for the business community and business educators, for activities such as curriculum development, course design and delivery. The findings reinforce the need for more practical pedagogies.Originality/valueThe paper makes an empirical contribution to the field of PI development in Romanian business students and by extension to students in similar post‐Communist countries. To this date there have been no studies that link practical learning activities to the development of PI in a transition society.
Graduates', university lecturers' and employers' perceptions towards employability skills
Authors: Wickramasinghe Vathsala , Perera Lasantha 
Published: April 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore employability skills that employers, university lecturers and graduates value to bring to the workplace, when graduates are applying for entry‐level graduate jobs in the field of computer science in Sri Lanka.Design/methodology/approachA total of three samples were selected for this exploratory study, namely, graduates, employers, and university lecturers. Three self‐administered survey questionnaires were developed targeting the three groups. In addition to descriptive statistics, paired sample t‐test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and correlation analysis were used for the data analysis.FindingsThe findings suggested that there are differences in the priorities given for employability skills by the four groups – male graduates, female graduates, employers, and university lecturers. Further, the findings suggest that employability skills are influenced by the gender of the graduates. Overall, the findings of the study could be used to assist universities, graduates, employers, and career advisers in applying strategic decisions in managing graduates' careers.Originality/valueAlthough a considerable amount of the literature addresses employability skills, much of the information is theoretical in nature and offers policy recommendations and prescriptive advice. Further, a majority of the research studies has primarily examined the experiences of a particular higher educational institute where remedial actions were taken to impart employability skills. The paper presents findings of a survey that investigated and compared employability skills that employers, university lecturers and graduates value to bring to the workplace when graduates are applying for entry‐level graduate jobs.