bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A defender‐attacker optimization of Port Radar surveillance
Authors: Brown Gerald , Carlyle Matthew , Abdul‐Ghaffar Ahmad , Kline Jeffrey 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe U.S. Coast Guard, Customs and Border Patrol, Marine Corps, and Navy have deployed several hundred port patrol vessels to protect waterways, U.S. Navy ships and other high‐value assets in ports world‐wide. Each vessel has an armed crew of four, is relatively fast, and features a surface search radar, radios, and a machine gun. These vessels coordinate surveillance patrols in groups of two or four. We developed a mathematical model for advantageously positioning these vessels, and possibly shore‐based radar too, to minimize the probability that an intelligent adversary in one or more speedboats will evade detection while mounting an attack. Attackers can use elevated obstructions to evade radar detection in their attack paths, and ports feature many such restrictions to navigation and observation. A key, but realistic assumption complicates planning: the attackers will be aware of defensive positions and capabilities in advance of mounting their attack. The defender‐attacker optimization suggests plans here for a fictitious port, the port of Hong Kong, and the U.S. Navy Fifth Fleet Headquarters in Bahrain. In these cases, the defender can almost certainly detect any attack, even though the attacker, observing defender prepositioning, plans clever, and evasive attack tracks. Published 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.† Naval Research Logistics, 2011
Unsteady heat and mass transfer over a vertical stretching sheet in a parallel free stream with variable wall temperature and concentration
Authors: Patil P.M. , Pop I. , Roy S. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractOur aim in this article is to investigate numerically the unsteady two‐dimensional mixed convection flow along a vertical semi‐infinite stretching sheet in a parallel free stream with a power‐law wall temperature and concentration distributions of the form T
w (x) = T∞ + Ax2m−1 and Cw (x) = C∞ + Bx2m−1, where A, B and m are constants. The unsteadiness in the flow is caused by the time dependent stretching sheet as well as by the free stream velocity. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations in the velocity, temperature and concentration fields are written in nondimensional form using suitable transformations. The final set of resulting coupled nonlinear partial differential equations is solved using an implicit finite‐difference scheme in combination with a quasi‐linearization technique. The effects of various governing parameters on the velocity, temperature and concentration profiles as well as on the skin friction coefficient, local Nusseltnumber and local Sherwood number are presented and discussed in details. The computed numerically results are compared with previously reported work and are found to be in excellent agreement. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2011
An equation decomposition method for the numerical solution of a fourth‐order elliptic singular perturbation problem
Authors: Han Houde , Huang Zhongyi 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn this article, we propose a tailored finite point method (TFPM) for the numerical solution of a type of fourth‐order singular perturbation problem in two dimensions based on the equation decomposition technique. Our finite point method has been tailored based on the local exponential basis functions. Furthermore, our TFPM satisfies the discrete maximum principle automatically. Our numerical examples show that our method has second order convergence rate in energy norm as
$\varepsilon\to0$. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2011
Life‐threatening drug‐associated hyperkalemia: a retrospective study from laboratory signals
Authors: Noize Pernelle , Bagheri Haleh , Durrieu Geneviève , Haramburu Françoise , Moore Nicholas , Giraud Patrick , Galinier Michel , Pourrat Jacques , Montastruc Jean‐Louis 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTPurposeLife‐threatening hyperkalemia may be induced by drugs and preventable in at‐risk patients. This study was designed to describe cases of ‘serious’ drug‐associated hyperkalemia.MethodsAdult subjects with a serum potassium concentration above 6.5 mmol/L detected at admission or during hospital stay in nephrology, cardiology, geriatric, emergency or intensive care units were identified by biology laboratories of hospitals and clinics located in Midi‐Pyrenees (southwest France). Patients dialyzed for end‐stage kidney disease were excluded. Data were collected from medical files. Hyperkalemia was defined as drug‐associated if at least one drug known to increase serum potassium concentration was taken when hyperkalemia occurred (among drugs taken in outpatient care for hyperkalemia detected at admission and among drugs taken in outpatient care and continued at hospital and drugs introduced from admission for hyperkalemia detected during hospital stay).ResultsOf 168 hyperkalemia cases, 102 (60.7%) were classified as drug‐associated. They concerned elderly patients (mean age: 76.1 years) often having arterial hypertension and/or cardiac diseases (88.2%). Risk factors, mainly acute kidney failure, were observed in almost all cases (98.0%). Drugs predominantly involved were angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (47.1%), spironolactone (41.2%), angiotensin II receptor antagonists (23.5%) and potassium supplements (23.5%). In 10% of cases, death could be attributed to hyperkalemia.ConclusionsLaboratory databases allowed an exhaustive identification of hyperkalemia cases. The frequency of drug‐related hyperkalemia and their characteristics suggest that treatment with drugs known to increase serum potassium concentration can be inappropriate, especially regarding associations or indications, and is highly risky for predisposed patients. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High‐molecular‐weight aliphatic polycarbonates by melt polycondensation of dimethyl carbonate and aliphatic diols: synthesis and characterization
Authors: Zhu Wenxiang , Huang Xi , Li Chuncheng , Xiao Yaonan , Zhang Dong , Guan Guohu 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAliphatic polycarbonates (APCs) synthesized by polycondensation of dialkyl carbonates and aliphatic diols have often been used as precursors for the preparation of novel polyurethanes. However, they could not be applied in plastics directly because of poor mechanical properties caused by low molecular weight. In the work reported in this paper, three kinds of fairly high molecular weight (Mw ≥ 166 000 g mol−1) APCs with narrow dispersity ($\rlap{-}{D} \leq 1.86$) were successfully synthesized via a successive two‐step polycondensation of dimethyl carbonate and diols, using a novel TiO2/SiO2‐based catalyst. This process gave a high yield of above 85%. 1H NMR spectra indicated that there was no detectable decarboxylation happening during polycondensation at high temperature. The effects of molecular weight on the mechanical properties of the APCs are discussed. APCs with Mw greater than 70 000 g mol−1 showed useful mechanical properties. Especially, poly(butylene carbonate) and poly(hexamethylene carbonate) exhibited excellent tensile strengths of 34.1 and 40.0 MPa, respectively, when their Mw was ca 170 000 g mol−1. All the APCs showed appreciable biodegradability under enzymatic degradation. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
The HADS and the DT for screening psychosocial distress of cancer patients in Taiwan
Authors: Wang Ging‐Long , Hsu Sheng‐Hui , Feng An‐Chen , Chiu Chiu‐Yuan , Shen Ju‐Fang , Lin Yu‐Ju , Cheng Chun‐Chiu 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPurpose: This study assesses the sensitivity and specificity of Mandarin versions of two psychosocial screening tools for adjustment, anxiety and depressive disorders: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Distress Thermometer (DT).Methods: The two scales were used to screen 103 consecutive cancer patients seen for psychiatric evaluation at KF‐SYSCC between May and November 2004 prior to their psychiatric interviews. Each scale was tested against clinical psychiatric diagnoses based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition for their sensitivity and specificity.Results: For the Mandarin version of the DT, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses identified a DT score of 4 as the optimal cut‐off, with sensitivity and specificity of 98 and 73%, respectively. For the Mandarin version of the HADS, ROC identified a score of 9 and 8 as the optimal cutoffs for the respective anxiety and depression subscales (HADS‐a and HADS‐d), with sensitivities and specificities of 84 and 73, 72 and 86%, respectively. For the full scale of the HADS (HADS‐t), 15 was identified as the optimal cutoff, which yielded sensitivity and specificity of 84 and 68%, respectively. Using the frequency table, the concordance rate of the two scales was found to be 72–80% based on the above optimal cut‐offs.Conclusion: The Mandarin versions of the HADS and the DT are efficacious for screening anxiety and depression for our population. Compared with the HADS‐t, the DT appears to have not only higher sensitivity, but also higher specificity. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A graphical method for analyzing distance restraints using residual dipolar couplings for structure determination of symmetric protein homo‐oligomers
Authors: Martin Jeffrey W. , Yan Anthony K. , Bailey‐Kellogg Chris , Zhou Pei , Donald Bruce R. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractHigh‐resolution structure determination of homo‐oligomeric protein complexes remains a daunting task for NMR spectroscopists. Although isotope‐filtered experiments allow separation of intermolecular NOEs from intramolecular NOEs and determination of the structure of each subunit within the oligomeric state, degenerate chemical shifts of equivalent nuclei from different subunits make it difficult to assign intermolecular NOEs to nuclei from specific pairs of subunits with certainty, hindering structural analysis of the oligomeric state. Here, we introduce a graphical method, DISCO, for the analysis of intermolecular distance restraints and structure determination of symmetric homo‐oligomers using residual dipolar couplings. Based on knowledge that the symmetry axis of an oligomeric complex must be parallel to an eigenvector of the alignment tensor of residual dipolar couplings, we can represent distance restraints as annuli in a plane encoding the parameters of the symmetry axis. Oligomeric protein structures with the best restraint satisfaction correspond to regions of this plane with the greatest number of overlapping annuli. This graphical analysis yields a technique to characterize the complete set of oligomeric structures satisfying the distance restraints and to quantitatively evaluate the contribution of each distance restraint. We demonstrate our method for the trimeric E. coli diacylglycerol kinase, addressing the challenges in obtaining subunit assignments for distance restraints. We also demonstrate our method on a dimeric mutant of the immunoglobulin‐binding domain B1 of streptococcal protein G to show the resilience of our method to ambiguous atom assignments. In both studies, DISCO computed oligomer structures with high accuracy despite using ambiguously assigned distance restraints.
Allelic variation of the ACCase gene and response to ACCase‐inhibiting herbicides in pinoxaden‐resistant Lolium spp.
Authors: Scarabel Laura , Panozzo Silvia , Varotto Serena , Sattin Maurizio 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: The repeated use of acetyl‐coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) inhibiting herbicides to control grass weeds has selected for resistance in Lolium spp. populations in Italy. The efficacy of pinoxaden, a recently marketed phenylpyrazoline herbicide, is of concern where resistance to ACCase inhibitors has already been ascertained. ACCase mutations associated with pinoxaden resistance were investigated, and the cross‐resistance pattern to clodinafop, haloxyfop, sethoxydim, clethodim and pinoxaden was established on homo/heterozygous plants for four mutant ACCase alleles.RESULTS: Seven different mutant ACCase alleles (1781‐Leu, 1999‐Leu, 2041‐Asn, 2041‐Val, 2078‐Gly, 2088‐Arg and 2096‐Ala) and 13 combinations with two types of mutation were detected in the pinoxaden‐resistant plants. The 1781‐Leu allele appears to confer a dominant resistance to pinoxaden, clodinafop, haloxyfop, sethoxydim and clethodim at 60 g AI ha−1. The 2041‐Asn and 2041‐Val alleles are associated with dominant or partially dominant resistance to FOPs, no substantial resistance to DIMs and a moderate resistance to pinoxaden. The 2088‐Arg allele endows a partially dominant resistance to clodinafop, sethoxydim and most likely to pinoxaden. In addition, non‐target‐site resistance mechanisms seem to be involved in pinoxaden resistance.CONCLUSION: Almost all the ACCase mutations selected in the field by other ACCase inhibitors are likely to confer resistance to pinoxaden. Although pinoxaden is sometimes able to control FOP‐resistant populations, it should not be considered as a sustainable ACCase resistance management tool. The presence of non‐ACCase‐based resistance mechanisms that could confer resistance to herbicides with different modes of action further complicates the resistance management strategies. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
High‐frequency surface acoustic wave filter based on diamond thin film
Authors: Fujii Satoshi 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis paper gives an overview of recent progress in developing diamond surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices for high‐frequency applications. We have studied high‐frequency SAW filters or resonators based on diamond thin films and demonstrated that diamond thin films have much potential for SAW applications above 3 GHz. Diamond film characteristics required for SAW filters in high‐frequency applications are clarified. The results of numerical calculations reveal that the diamond‐based SAW device, which employs a LiNbO3 thin film as the piezoelectric material, can provide a high electric coupling factor as well as a high phase velocity of more than 12 000 m/s. In contrast to when an AlN thin film is used as the piezoelectric material, the use of a SiO2/interdigital transducer/AlN/diamond structure enables the SAW device to have a low insertion loss for applications above 3 GHz.
Dielectric and pyroelectric properties of poled Ba0.6Sr0.3Ca0.1TiO3 ceramics
Authors: Cao Sheng , Mao Chaoliang , Yao Chunhua , Liu Wei , Li Kui , Cao Fei , Dong Xianlin , Wang Genshui 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBa0.6Sr0.3Ca0.1TiO3 ceramics were prepared by solid‐state reaction technique and the dielectric and pyroelectric properties of poled specimens were systemically investigated. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss at Curie temperature for the poled specimens were 11 273 and 0.0152, respectively. The pyroelectric coefficient maximum about 40 × 10−8 C cm−2 K−1 was detected and the figure of merit (Fd) maximum about 9.77 × 10−5 Pa−1/2 was obtained when 800 V mm−1 bias field was applied on the poled specimens. Based on the dielectric and pyroelectric data, the behaviors of the intrinsic pyroelectric response and the field induced pyroelectric response under DC bias field were also discussed.
Domain structures in multilayer ceramic capacitors studied by polarized Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Okai Keisuke , Zhu Wenliang , Pezzotti Giuseppe 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBarium titanate (BaTiO3), the most popular dielectric material for use in multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCC), is often doped with rare earths ions to tailor its properties (e.g., Curie temperature, dielectric loss, and temperature coefficient of capacitance) and to control the mobility of its internal domain structure. The concurrent needs of device miniaturization and reliability improvement have challenged technologists to refine the design criteria regarding both material characteristics and device structure. However, further improvements cannot be easily achieved by merely empirical approaches and call for more systematic characterizations from the material physics viewpoint. This paper emphasizes the effect on the dielectric properties that arise from the formation of internal domain structures. A confocal/polarized Raman spectroscopic algorithm is developed and applied to quantitative characterizations of domain structures in BaTiO3 and applied to non‐destructive diagnostics of an MLCC device.
A two‐step scheme for polynomial NARX model identification based on MOEA with prescreening process
Authors: Cheng Yu , Wang Lan , Hu Jinglu 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPolynomial NARX (nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous) model identification has received considerable attention in last three decades. However, in a high‐order nonlinear system, it is very difficult to obtain the model structure directly even with state‐of‐art algorithms, because the number of candidate monomial terms is huge and increases drastically as the model order increases. Motivated by this fact, in this research, the identification is performed in two steps: firstly a prescreening process is carried out to select a reasonable number of important monomial terms based on two kinds of the importance indices. Then, in the reduced searching space with only the selected important terms, multi‐objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA) is applied to determine a set of significant terms to be included in the polynomial model with the help of independent validation data. In this way, the whole identification algorithm is implemented efficiently. Numerical simulations are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed identification method. © 2011 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The promises and challenges of teaching from an intersectional perspective: Core components and applied strategies
Authors: Jones Susan R. , Wijeyesinghe Charmaine L. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn this chapter, the authors present key assumptions and tenets of the framework of intersectionality and their relevance and application to college teaching. In addition to discussing several benefits of incorporating intersectionality into teaching, specific strategies for overcoming some of the challenges of teaching from an intersectional perspective are identified. Concrete examples of classroom interventions are given.
Data security in unattended wireless sensor networks with mobile sinks
Authors: Liu Zhihong , Ma Jianfeng , Park Youngho , Xiang Shangrong 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTUnattended wireless sensor networks operating in hostile environments face the risk of compromise. Given the unattended nature, sensors must safeguard their sensed data of high value temporarily. However, saving data inside a network creates security problems due to the lack of tamper‐resistance of sensors and the unattended nature of the network. In some occasions, a network controller may periodically dispatch mobile sinks to collect data. If a mobile sink is given too many privileges, it will become very attractive for attack. Thus, the privilege of mobile sinks should be restricted. Additionally, secret keys should be used to achieve data confidentiality, integrity, and authentication between communicating parties. To address these security issues, we present mAKPS, an asymmetric key predistribution scheme with mobile sinks, to facilitate the key distribution and privilege restriction of mobile sinks, and schemes for sensors to protect their collected data in unattended wireless sensor networks. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Techniques for following the movement of single RNAs in living cells
Authors: Urbinati Carl R. , Long Roy M. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe ability to investigate gene expression has evolved from static approaches that analyze a population of cells to dynamic approaches that analyze individual living cells. During the last decade, a number of different fluorescent methods have been developed for monitoring the dynamics of single RNAs in living cells. Spatial–temporal analyses of single RNAs in living cells have provided novel insight into nuclear transport, RNA localization, and decay. Technical advances with these approaches allow for single molecule detection, providing an unprecedented view of RNA movement. In this article, we discuss the methods for observing single RNAs in living cells, highlighting the advantages and limitations of each method. WIREs RNA 2011 2 601–609 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.83This article is categorized under:

RNA Export and Localization > Nuclear Export/Import
RNA Export and Localization > RNA Localization
RNA Turnover and Surveillance > Turnover/Surveillance Mechanisms
Predictive Value of Serum Carbohydrate Antigen 19‐9 in Malignant Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms
Authors: Xu Bin , Zheng Wen‐Yan , Jin Da‐Yong , Ding Wei‐xing , Lou Wen‐Hui , Ramsohok Lajeswar 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe goal of the present study was to evaluate the predictive value of serum carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 (CA 19‐9) in the diagnosis of malignant intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of pancreas (IPMNs).MethodsEighty‐six patients with pathological diagnosis of IPMNs in Zhongshan Hospital between March 1999 and November 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. Data reflecting clinical characteristics, tumor marker level, and prognosis were collected. The potential predictive value of CA 19‐9 was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.ResultsEighty‐six consecutive patients with IPMNs all underwent surgical intervention. A high level of CA 19‐9 or carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was associated with more advanced stage of malignant IPMNs. Carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 was significant for judging malignant IPMNs in the binary logistic regression model (p = 0.047). The hazard ratio was 1.014, whose 95.0% confidence interval was 0.91–1.028. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the serum CA 19‐9 level had good predictive value for malignant or invasive IPMNs, postoperative survival, and disease‐specific recurrence. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.856, 0.893, 0.815, and 0.857 (p < 0.05), respectively. According to the follow‐up, mean survival time for groups with CA 19‐9 > 63.60 U/ml was dramatically shorter than that for groups with CA 19‐9 ≤ 63.60 U/ml (57.38 ± 2.85 versus 29.24 ± 5.82 [months]; p < 0.01).ConclusionsSerum CA 19‐9 level has good predictive value for malignant or invasive IPMNs. Patients with CA 19‐9 > 63.60 U/ml had poor postoperative prognosis in IPMNs. Preoperative abnormal serum CA 19‐9 might be predictive for an aggressive surgical intervention in IPMNs.
Renal transplantation in a boy with methylmalonic acidaemia
Authors: Clothier Joanna Clare , Chakrapani Anupam , Preece Mary‐Anne , McKiernan Patrick , Gupta Rajat , Macdonald Anita , Hulton Sally‐Anne 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWe present the first reported case of B12 non‐responsive methylmalonic acidaemia due to MMAB mutation to undergo an isolated renal transplant for renal failure. At 8 years of age he was listed for a combined liver and kidney transplant following progressive renal impairment. His metabolic control deteriorated with declining renal function and he was commenced on haemodialysis, leading to marked symptomatic and biochemical improvement. He was therefore relisted for isolated cadaveric renal transplant instead. He underwent successful renal transplantation at 12 years of age and now 6 years post transplant he is enjoying a more normal lifestyle with a marked reduction in plasma methylmalonate.