bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
E1B 55‐kDa deleted, Ad5/F35 fiber chimeric adenovirus, a potential oncolytic agent for B‐lymphocytic malignancies
Authors: Wang Guohua , Li Gongchu , Liu Hui , Yang Chunmei , Yang Xiudi , Jin Jie , Liu Xinyuan , Qian Qijun , Qian Wenbin 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackgroundConditionally replicative adenovirus (CRAd) provides a promising strategy for solid tumor therapy. However, relatively few studies have been addressed on hematopoietic malignancies. We previously found that ZD55, a serotype 5 (Ad5)‐based, E1B 55‐kDa deleted CRAd, inhibited leukemic cell growth and induced apoptosis. In the present study, we employed SG235, a new CRAd with both an E1B 55‐kDa deletion and an Ad5/F35 chimeric fiber, for the treatment of B‐cell tumors.MethodsCRAd SG235 was engineered not to express adenovirus E1B 55‐kDa gene, and the wild‐type Ad5 fiber was replaced by a chimeric Ad5/35 fiber containing an Ad5 tail, an Ad35 shaft and an Ad35 knob. Using in vitro and in vivo experiments, the infectivity and selective cytotoxicity of SG235 on B‐cell tumor lines were evaluated. Apoptosis‐related signaling elements were investigated.ResultsSG235 significantly suppressed malignant B‐cell growth in vitro and in vivo. In addition to selective cytolysis, SG235‐induced apoptosis in the tumor cells. Upon SG235 infection, levels of cleaved forms of caspase‐3 and poly(adenosine diphosphate‐ribose) polymerase increased, suggesting that SG235 induces apoptosis in malignant B‐cells by activating a caspase cascade. Furthermore, SG235 infection resulted in an up‐regulated level of Bax, as well as down‐regulated levels of xIAP, cIAP and survivin, suggesting that infection of SG235 induces apoptosis in B‐cell tumor lines by affecting both apoptosis‐promoting and ‐inhibiting intracellular signaling elements.ConclusionsCRAd SG235 may serve as a potential anticancer agent, or a therapeutic vehicle for harboring anticancer genes, in B‐cell tumor treatment. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel locus for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis on chromosome 12p
Authors: Raggio Cathleen L. , Giampietro Philip F. , Dobrin Seth , Zhao Chengfeng , Dorshorst Donna , Ghebranious Nader , Weber James L. , Blank Robert D. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractAdolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a common disorder with strong evidence for genetic predisposition. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for AIS susceptibility have been identified on chromosomes. We performed a genome‐wide genetic linkage scan in seven multiplex families using 400 marker loci with a mean spacing of 8.6 cM. We used Genehunter Plus to generate linkage statistics, expressed as homogeneity (HLOD) scores, under dominant and recessive genetic models. We found a significant linkage signal on chromosome 12p, whose support interval extends from near 12pter, spanning approximately 10 million bases or 31 cM. Fine mapping within the region using 20 additional markers reveals maximum HLOD = 3.7 at 5 cM under a dominant inheritance model, and a split peak maximum HLOD = 3.2 at 8 and 18 cM under a recessive inheritance model. The linkage support interval contains 95 known genes. We found evidence suggestive of linkage on chromosomes 1, 6, 7, 8, and 14. This study is the first to find evidence of an AIS susceptibility locus on chromosome 12. Detection of AIS susceptibility QTLs on multiple chromosomes in this and other studies demonstrate that the condition is genetically heterogeneous. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:1366–1372, 2009
Imaging of chemical and physical state of individual cellular lipid droplets using multiplex CARS microscopy
Authors: Bonn Mischa , Müller Michiel , Rinia Hilde A. , Burger Koert N.J. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractCellular lipid droplets are organelles that carry out important functions such as the regulated storage and release of cholesterol and fatty acids (FAs). Lipid droplets therefore play a key role in both healthy metabolism and metabolic disorders such as obesity, type II diabetes, and atherosclerosis. Hence, there has been much interest in understanding the chemical (lipid) composition and physical state (lipid packing) of lipid droplets. Coherent anti‐Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) microscopy has proven to be a useful tool in lipid droplet research because of its ability to visualize lipid droplets in a label‐free manner. Multiplex CARS microscopy in spectroscopy mode has been particularly useful: In conjunction with appropriate spectral processing, it allows one to obtain the local Raman response with submicron spatial resolution. Thus, multiplex CARS microscopy provides rapid quantitative information and allows quantitative imaging of the chemistry (level of acyl unsaturation) and physical state (acyl chain order) of individual lipid droplets. We discuss the different vibrational markers that may be used to characterize the lipid droplet properties and demonstrate that while the CH stretch of unsaturated CH groups is a useful marker of the level of acyl unsaturationin vitro, it failsin vivo. Moreover, we present here results on two different cell lines—adipocytes and HeLa cells—with distinct lipid droplet characteristics, both in terms of lipid droplet size and dependence of the lipid droplet composition on the incubation medium. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structural characterization of Lu0.7Y0.3AlO3 single crystal by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Casu Alberto , Ricci Pier Carlo , Anedda Alberto 
Published: April 2009

AbstractLutetium yttrium orthoaluminate perovskite [Lu0.7Y0.3AlO3 (LuYAP)] crystals show great potential as fast response and high‐efficiency scintillators as an alternative to LuAlO3 (LuAP) crystals. This paper aims to offer a complete analysis of the vibrational modes of the LuYAP crystal by means of polarized Raman spectroscopy in the temperature range of 20–290 K and confronting the experimental results with numerical methods in order to characterize the crystal structure. Furthermore, an interpretation of the data in terms of vibrating molecular structures is suggested and the results are successfully confronted with the vibrational modes of similar perovskite crystals. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Characterization of Amphiphilic Polyethers Based on Tetrahydrofuran and Glycidol: Antibacterial Assessment
Authors: Theiler Stefan , Hövetborn Thomas , Keul Helmut , Möller Martin 
Published: April 2009

AbstractStarting from THF and protected glycidols, linear multifunctional polyethers were prepared. Random copolymers were synthesized via cationic ROP while block copolymers were obtained via anionic ROP. Kinetic studies were carried out for the random copolymers. Poly(THF‐co‐glycidol) was converted in polymer‐analogous reactions first to phenoxy‐carbonyloxy‐methyl‐substituted polyethers and then to amphiphilic polyethers by conversion of the former substituted polyethers with different functional amines. The resulting amphiphilic polyesters were tested for their bacteriostatic effect.magnified image
Simulation of Agglomerate Dispersion in Cubic Cavity Flow
Authors: Hosseini Mahdi Salami , Nazockdast Hossein , Anderson Patrick D. , Meijer Han E. H. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractAgglomerate dispersion and deformation is simulated and studied in a cavity flow, as a typical three‐dimensional flow field, using Stokesian dynamics and macroscopic flow analysis. The break‐up and deformation behaviors of two different agglomerate structures – loose, with fractal dimension FD = 1.8, and dense, with FD = 2.6 – are examined in different flow paths. The interparticle forces are calculated using van der Waals and Born forces. Results show that agglomerates with a dense structure break‐up through detachment, while ones with a loose structure deform and break into fragments through rupture. It was also found that the rearrangement of particles in the agglomerate can postpone break‐up in flow fields where rotation occurs, since it can dissipate stress through rearrangements.magnified image
Analysis for the identification of an unknown diffusion coefficient via semigroup approach
Authors: Demir Ali , Ozbilge Ebru 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThis paper presents a semigroup approach for the mathematical analysis of the inverse coefficient problems of identifying the unknown coefficient k(ux) in the inhomogenenous quasi‐linear parabolic equation ut(x, t)=(k(ux)ux(x, t))x +F(u), with the Dirichlet boundary conditions u(0, t)=ψ0, u(1, t)=ψ1 and source function F(u). The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the distinguishability of the input–output mappings Φ[·]:𝒦→C1[0, T], Ψ[·]:𝒦→C1[0, T] via semigroup theory. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Schadstoffe in Spielwaren
Authors: Pfalzgraf Andreas , Wolter Jörg , Pötter Kristina 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn Europa sind Spielzeuge mit gesundheitsschädlichen Stoffen verboten. Die Substanzen sind aber eindeutig nachzuweisen und zu bewerten. Nach über zwanzig Jahren CE‐Kennzeichnung für Spielzeuge stehen die Versuche, Kriterien und Vorgehensweise zu konkretisieren, noch immer am Anfang.
Novel splice site mutations in the gamma glutamyl carboxylase gene in a child with congenital combined deficiency of the vitamin K‐dependent coagulation factors (VKCFD)
Authors: Titapiwatanakun Ruetima , Rodriguez Vilmarie , Middha Sumit , Dukek Brian A. , Pruthi Rajiv K. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractCongenital combined deficiency of the vitamin K‐dependent coagulation factors is a rare bleeding disorder caused by either a defect in the γ‐glutamyl carboxylase or the vitamin K epoxide reductase enzyme complex. The diagnosis should be considered when vitamin‐K dependent factor activities are decreased and liver dysfunction, vitamin K deficiency, and factitious coumarin ingestion have been excluded. We report a case of VKCFD in a child resulting from compound heterozygosity for two novel splice site mutations of the γ‐glutamyl carboxylase gene. Oral vitamin K supplementation resulted in partial resolution of proteins and complete resolution of bleeding. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:92–95. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterization of chromate conversion film on tinplate substrate by XPS and electrochemistry methods
Authors: Sun J. , Qi G. C. , Tan Y. , An C. Q. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe chromate conversion coating formed on commercial tinplate via a cathode electrolytic dichromate treatment has been studied by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemistry methods. Through the analysis of the XPS, it was shown that there existed Cr, O, and Sn in the chromate coating and the chromate film consisted mainly of Cr(OH)3, Cr2O3, Sn, and SnOx. The current density decreased with increasing of the electric charge. The corrosion resistance for tinplate is relative with the content of chromium in the passivation film. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Generalized ROC curve inference for a biomarker subject to a limit of detection and measurement error
Authors: Perkins Neil J. , Schisterman Enrique F. , Vexler Albert 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is a tool commonly used to evaluate biomarker utility in clinical diagnosis of disease, especially during biomarker development research. Emerging biomarkers are often measured with random measurement error and subject to limits of detection that hinder their potential utility or mask an ability to discriminate by negatively biasing the estimates of ROC curves and subsequent area under the curve. Methods have been developed to correct the ROC curve for each of these types of sources of bias but here we develop a method by which the ROC curve is corrected for both simultaneously through replicate measures and maximum likelihood. Our method is evaluated via simulation study and applied to two potential discriminators of women with and without preeclampsia. Published in 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Accessory sex glands of male mice have the ability to synthesize taurinevia the cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase pathway
Authors: Fan Jing Jing , Zhou Jin Lian , Li Jian Hua , Cui Sheng 
Published: April 2009

AbstractOur previous study showed that cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase (CSD) is expressed in the testis, epididymis, and ductus deferens. However, the expression of CSD and taurine concentration in the male accessory sex glands remain unknown. Therefore, we conducted immunohistochemical analysis, semi‐quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), and western blotting in order to examine CSD expression in the seminal vesicle; bulbourethral gland; and prostate gland, including the dorsolateral prostate, ventral prostate, and anterior prostate. We also analyzed the tissue taurine concentration by using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that CSD is expressed in the tall columnar cells of the seminal vesicle, the glandular epithelium of the bulbourethral gland, and the epithelial cells of the intermediate segments of prostate gland. The taurine concentrations in the dorsolateral prostate, ventral prostate, and anterior prostate; seminal vesicle; and bulbourethral gland in terms of micromoles per gram wet weight were 6.09 ± 0.67, 6.62 ± 0.43, 4.14 ± 0.05, 12.55 ± 1.03, and 7.50 ± 0.64, respectively; these values are similar to the relative expression levels of the CSD protein. These results demonstrate that CSD is expressed in the accessory sex glands of mice, and they confirm our hypothesis that male accessory sex glands are able to synthesize taurine through the CSD pathway.
Ring formation in electromagnetic beams propagating in a magnetoplasma
Authors: MISRA SHIKHA , MISHRA S. K. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThis paper presents an analysis (in the paraxial approximation) of a self-consistent, steady-state, theoretical model, which explains the ring formation in a Gaussian electromagnetic beam propagating in a magnetoplasma, characterized by ponderomotive and collisional nonlinearities. The condition for the formation of a dark and a bright ring has been derived analytically and the focusing/defocusing of the beam has been investigated in the different regimes. Further, the effect of the magnetic field and the nature of the nonlinearity on the ring formation and self focusing of the beam have also been explored.
Microclimatic patterns correlate with the distribution of epiphyllous bryophytes in a tropical lowland rain forest in Costa Rica
Authors: Sonnleitner Michaela , Dullinger Stefan , Wanek Wolfgang , Zechmeister Harald 
Published: April 2009

Abstract:Quantitative analyses of the factors driving the distribution of bryophytes in the phyllosphere of tropical rain forests are rare. In this study we sampled epiphyllous bryophytes on two leaves of each of 57 individuals belonging to four phorophyte species (Asplundia pittieri, Carludovica drudei, Costus laevis and Dieffenbachia concinna) at three adjacent, but microclimatically varied sites in the Esquinas forest, Costa Rica. Microclimatic parameters and phorophyte identities were correlated to differences in cover, diversity and species composition of bryophyte assemblages by means of Kruskal–Wallis tests, non-metric multidimensional scaling and indicator species analysis. High relative humidity and in particular daily fluctuations in relative humidity proved to be the most important factors for epiphyll distribution suggesting severe constraints of epiphyll colonisation by pronounced humidity fluctuations. Differences in air temperature and light availability as well as phorophyte identity were only weakly correlated with bryophyte cover and diversity. However, species composition of epiphyllous assemblages was related to all microclimatic variables as well as to phorophyte identity. The strong response of epiphyllous bryophytes to even subtle microclimatic variations suggests that undisturbed forest canopies and their control on microclimate may be essential for the development of epiphyll communities.
The Metallicity Distribution of Distant F and G Type Stars in the CFHT Legacy Survey Deep Field
Authors: Karataş Yüksel , Kilic Mukremin , Güneş Orhan , Limboz Füsun 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe study the metal abundances of F and G type stars in the Galactic disk and halo using the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey D4 field. For a sample of stars within 7 kpc of the Galactic plane, we derive mean abundance values of [Fe/H] = −0.77 ± 0.36 dex for the thick disk, and [Fe/H] = –1.42 ± 0.98 dex for the stellar halo, respectively. These metallicites are consistent with the metallicity estimates from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 6. We do not find a vertical abundance gradient for the thick disk between 1 kpc and 4 kpc. However, stars within 1 kpc of the Galactic plane are saturated in our dataset, and therefore we cannot rule out the observed vertical metallicity gradient for the thick disk stars in the SDSS. Moreover, we find a negative trend in the halo metallicity with increasing distance from the Galactic plane. This trend could be due to a contribution from an increasing number of very metal poor stars that belong to the outer halo. However, systematic effects in photometric metallicities are largest for the most metal poor stars, and therefore these effects cannot be ruled out.
The Snail Ilyanassa: A Reemerging Model for Studies in Development: Figure 1.
Authors: Gharbiah Maey , Cooley James , Leise Esther M. , Nakamoto Ayaki , Rabinowitz Jeremy S. , Lambert J. David , Nagy Lisa M. 
Published: April 2009

INTRODUCTIONIlyanassa obsoleta is a marine gastropod that is a long-standing and very useful model for studies of embryonic development. It is especially important as a model for the spiralian development program, a distinctive mode of early development shared by a large group of animal phyla, but poorly understood. Ilyanassa adults are readily obtainable and easy to keep in the laboratory, and they produce large numbers of embryos throughout most of the year. The embryos are amenable to classic embryological manipulation techniques as well as a growing number of molecular approaches. In this article, we present an overview of aspects of its biology and use as a model organism.
Dye Loading with Patch Pipettes: Figure 1
Authors: Eilers Jens , Konnerth Arthur 
Published: April 2009

INTRODUCTIONThis protocol describes the loading of individual cells with fluorescent probes via patch pipettes. The patch-clamp methodology has been successfully used for single-cell dye labeling in cultured neurons, brain slices, and in vivo preparations. A broad range of dyes can be used with this loading technique. Markers for morphological reconstruction (e.g., Lucifer yellow); ion-sensitive indicator dyes for monitoring second-messenger cascades (e.g., fura-2); and dye-labeled proteins for fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) studies are all suitable for patch-clamp loading. The most widespread application of this technique has been for Ca2+ imaging. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings represent a versatile loading technique that allows combined electrophysiological and optical measurements at a quantitative level.
Differences in virulence and immune response induced in a murine model by isolates ofMycobacterium ulceransfrom different geographic areas
Authors: Hurtado Ortiz R , Aguilar Leon D , Orozco Estevez H , Martin A , Luna Herrera J , Flores Romo L , Portaels F , Hernandez Pando R 
Published: April 2009

SummaryBuruli ulcer (BU) is the third most common mycobacterial disease in immunocompetent hosts. BU is caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, which produces skin ulcers and necrosis at the site of infection. The principal virulence factor of M. ulcerans is a polyketide-derived macrolide named mycolactone, which has cytotoxic and immunosuppresive activities. We determined the severity of inflammation, histopathology and bacillary loads in the subcutaneous footpad tissue of BALB/c mice infected with 11 different M. ulcerans isolates from diverse geographical areas. Strains from Africa (Benin, Ghana, Ivory Coast) induced the highest inflammation, necrosis and bacillary loads, whereas the strains collected from Australia, Asia (Japan, Malaysia, New Guinea), Europe (France) and America (Mexico) induced mild inflammation. Subsequently, animals were infected with the strain that exhibited the highest (Benin) or lowest (Mexico) level of virulence in order to analyse the local immune response generated. The Mexican strain, which does not produce mycolactone, induced a predominantly T helper type 1 (Th1) cytokine profile with constant high expression of the anti-microbial peptides beta defensins 3 and 4, in co-existence with low expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-10, IL-4 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β. The highly virulent strain from Benin which produces mycolactone A/B induced the opposite pattern. Thus, different local immune responses were found depending on the infecting M. ulcerans strain.
Protective anti-tumour immune responses by murine dendritic cells pulsed with recombinant Tat-carcinoembryonic antigen derived from Escherichia coli
Authors: Bae M-Y , Cho N-H , Seong S-Y 
Published: April 2009

Summary
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is over-expressed on various human cancer cells and has been the target of immunotherapies using dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with CEA-specific RNA or peptides, or transduced by CEA-expressing adenovirus or vaccinia virus. Because activated DCs do not phagocytose soluble protein antigens efficiently and pure immature DCs are not obtained easily ex vivo, an efficacious whole CEA protein-loaded DC vaccine has not been reported. To improve the antigen delivery into DCs, we utilized CEA conjugated to a protein-transduction domain, human immunodeficiency virus transactivating Tat. Furthermore, we purified the truncated non-glycosylated CEA from Escherichia coli to overcome the safety concerns and immunosuppressive functions associated with the native CEA protein. Using confocal microscopy and fluorescence activating cell sorter analysis, we demonstrated that the Tat-CEA protein entered the cytoplasm of DCs efficiently within 10 min of co-culture, compared with the negligible amount of CEA into DCs 30 min later. CEA-specific T cell proliferation and cytotoxic T cell responses were enhanced significantly in mice immunized with Tat-CEA-pulsed DCs [DC (Tat-CEA)] compared with those immunized with CEA-pulsed DCs [DC (CEA)]. T helper type 1 responses were more prominent in the DC (Tat-CEA) immunized mice whose splenocytes secreted more interferon-γ and less interleukin-4 than those from DC (CEA) immunized mice. In vivo, the DC (Tat-CEA) vaccine delayed tumour growth significantly and prolonged survival of tumour-bearing mice. These results suggest that protective epitopes are well preserved on bacteria-derived recombinant Tat-CEA. This strategy may provide a basic platform for DC-based anti-CEA vaccines that could be utilized in combination with advanced immune-enhancing therapeutics.