bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lack of Association of the PLD4 SNP rs2841277 With Systemic Sclerosis in a US Caucasian population
Authors: Ma Yunqing , Mayes Maureen D. , Guo Xinjian , Assassi Shervin , Zhou Xiaodong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to examine whether a reported SSc-associated SNP rs2841277 in the PLD4 gene identified in an Asian population was also associated with SSc in US Caucasians.
Methods
The US Caucasian cohort consisting of 1005 SSc patients and 961 healthy controls was examined in this study. TaqMan genotyping assays were performed to examine the SNP. Exact p-values were obtained from 2x2 tables of allele counts and disease status.
Results
In contrast to the previous reports in a Japanese population, SSc patients of US Caucasian ancestry did not show an association of PLD4 rs2841277 with SSc in general (P=0.231, OR=0.89), or with clinical subtypes of lcSSc (P=0.302, OR=0.86) and dcSSc (P=0.369, OR=0.90), or with autoantibody subtypes including ATA(P=0.126, OR=0.74), ACA(P=0.943, OR=1.01), ARP3(P=0.155, OR=0.77), or Anti-RNP(P=0.660, OR=0.73).
Conclusion
We found a lack of association of the PLD4 SNP rs2841277 with SSc in a US Caucasian population. This is the first study to report a discrepancy in the genetic association between the PLD4 SNP and SSc. This could be explained by genetic heterogeneity between Asian and Caucasian populations, suggesting that the previously reported association of the PLD4 polymorphism may be ethnic specific, and further verification in different ethnic populations is warranted.
The immediate sensorimotor effects of forearm clasping orthosis with a textured pad in people with lateral elbow tendinopathy: a crossover clinical trial
Authors: BaBaee Faezeh , Zarezadeh Abolghasem , Sadeghi-Demneh Ebrahim 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Forearm orthoses are used to manage lateral elbow tendinopathy. Although their use has been shown to improvemotor performance, little is known about how they affect sensory function. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of forearm clasping orthoses with a sensory-enhanced textured pad on the sensorimotor function of the affected arm in people with lateral elbow tendinopathy.
Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 56 people with lateral elbow tendinopathy were evaluated for elbow proprioception, pain severity, pain-free grip, and hand function. The study outcomes were measured across four randomized conditions: no orthosis, placebo, forearm strap, and forearm clasping orthosis with a textured pad. The data were analyzed using one-way repeated measures analysis of variance for each outcome measure.
Results: Compared with no orthosis, the use of a forearm strap (p = 0.01) or a forearm clasping orthosis (p = 0.02) significantly improved pein-free grip. Additionally, both forearm orthoses significantly improved elbow proprioception (p < 0.001) compared to no orthosis. Compared with no orthosis, the forearm strap improved pain intensity (p = 0.002) and hand function (p = 0.001), while the forearm clasping orthosis did not (p > 0.05). Neither the forearm strap nor forearm clasping orthoses were significantly different across all the study outcomes, nor was the comparison of no orthosis with the placebo significant (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: People with lateral elbow tendinopathy could immediately benefit from improved elbow joint proprioception and pain-free grip strength due to the use of a forearm strap and forearm clasping orthosis with a textured pad in this study.
Clinical Trial Registration: IRCT20220203053925N1; Registration Date:14.03.2022; Available at: https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/trial/61955
Mediating role of moral resilience and professional identity in the impact of nursing interns' moral distress on compassion fatigue: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Shuai Ting , Yi Lijuan , Xuan Yan , Jiménez-Herrera Maria F. , Tian Xu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Due to similar workplace environments as registered nurses, nursing interns frequently encounter moral distress during clinical practice, which may lead to compassion fatigue. Moral resilience and professional identity influence the psychological well-being of nursing interns. However, the relationships among moral distress, moral resilience, professional identity, and compassion fatigue, particularly among nursing interns, remain unclear.
Objectives: To investigate the impact of moral distress on nursing interns' compassion fatigue and further reveal the role of moral resilience and professional identity as mediators of effects.
Research design: An online, quantitative cross-sectional study.
Methods: A convenience sample of 467 nursing interns was recruited from 4 public junior colleges in Hunan province of China in February, 2024. Data were collected using Compassion Fatigue Short Scale, Moral Distress Scale-revised, Rushton Moral Resilience Scale, and Professional Identity Scale. Data analyses were carried out using SPSS 22.0 and Amos 21.0. This study adhered to the STROBE statement.
Ethical consideration: Ethics approval was received before formal data collection from the Ethics Committee of an undisclosed Medical College.
Results: The mean scores were 35.876, 44.887, 2.578, and 37.610 for compassion fatigue, moral distress, moral resilience, and professional identity, respectively. Nursing interns' moral distress was positively related to compassion fatigue, and structural equation model showed that the relationship between moral distress and compassion fatigue was partially mediated by moral resilience and professional identity (β = 0.448, P < 0.001).
Conclusion: The findings indicate that among nursing interns, moral distress not only directly influences compassion fatigue but also has indirectly impact on compassion fatigue through the mediating effects of moral resilience and professional identity. Enhancing moral resilience and fostering a strong professional identity among nursing interns may mitigate the negative effects of moral distress on compassion fatigue.
Predictors of split thickness skin graft failure at Kiruddu National Referral Hospital in Uganda
Authors: Wabuna David Percy , Kiswezi Ahmed , Abraha Demoz , Alenyo Rose , Wambi David Silver , Kyomukama Lauben , Eilu Emmanuel , Molen Selamo fabrice , Muhumuza Joshua 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Graft failure results in delayed wound healing, increased hospital stays, repeat surgery, further donor sites and increased scar formation. There is limited information specifically about predictors of split skin graft failure in the lower limbs. The purpose of this study was to determine the predictors of split thickness skin graft failure at Kiruddu National Referral Hospital (KNRH) in Uganda.
Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal study in which patients who had split skin graft on the lower limbs were followed up till the 10th day to assess the graft failure rates. Graft failure was defined as any take less than 80% on the 10th post-operative day. The baseline characteristics, clinical characteristics and laboratory characteristics were documented and association with graft failure assessed using Poisson regression in SPSS version 26.
Results: We enrolled 160 study participants, majority of whom were female 84(52.5%) with a mean age of 32.5 years (SD=19.4). In this study, 59/160 participants had graft failure. The predictors of skin graft failure were smoking, diabetes mellitus comorbidity, being underweight or obese and presence of hypoalbuminemia. The risk of skin graft failure was independently increased by 27.2% for smokers, 25.0% for the diabetics, 12.4% for those underweight, 5.4% for those obese and by 16.5% for those who had hypoalbuminemia (P<0.05 for all).
Conclusion: More attention to reduce the risk of graft failure should be focused on smokers, diabetics, these with high or low body mass index and correcting serum albumin.
The Involvement of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus in Ameliorating the Impact of Salinity on Photosynthetic Efficiency, Water Relations, and Homeostatic Balance of Pistachio (Pistacia vera) Plants
Authors: Hamzehzadeh Hanieh , Abbaspour Hossein , Afshar Akbar Safipour , Hamdi Seyed Mohammad Mahdi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

High salinity levels pose a significant challenge to agricultural productivity, as it impairs photosynthesis, water and nutrient uptake, and cellular homeostasis in plants. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are symbiotic microorganisms that can improve plant tolerance to salinity, but their effects on plant photosynthetic efficiency, especially of Photosystem II, are poorly understood. This study examined the impact of AMF inoculation on the growth, physiology, and biochemistry of pistachio plants exposed to salt stress in a greenhouse experiment. The experimental findings demonstrated that that AMF symbiosis increased the growth and the K, Ca, Mg, P, K/Na, and Ca/Na ratios, and reduced the Na and Cl concentrations, of pistachio plants under salinity. AMF inoculation also decreased the electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide levels, and increased the relative water content, water use efficiency, glycine betaine, soluble sugars, alpha-tocopherol, and carotenoids of pistachio plants under salinity. Furthermore, AMF inoculation mitigated the salinity-induced reduction in chlorophyll content, maximum quantum efficiency of Photosystem II (Fv/Fm), effective quantum efficiency of Photosystem II (Fv’/Fm’), and photochemical quenching (qP), and the salinity-induced increase in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and chlorophyll a/b ratio. Additionally, AMF inoculation improved the net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate, and reduced the intercellular CO2 concentration, of pistachio plants under salinity. These findings indicate that AMF inoculation enhances the photosynthetic capacity, water relations, and ion homeostasis of pistachio plants, and confers salinity tolerance and improved growth and performance.
Enhanced Clinical Decisions for Management of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia using Patient-Reported Outcomes: Protocol for a Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Glaser Alexander P. , Smith Abigail R. , Maglaque Dacey , Helfand Brian T. , Mohamed Rowida , An Hosanna , Marquez Melissa , Talaty Pooja , Carolan Padraig , Geller Aaron M. , Farina Francesca R. , Jensen Sally E. , Griffith James W. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) significantly impact quality of life among older men. Despite the prevalent use of the American Urological Association Symptom Index (AUA-SI) for BPH, this measure overlooks key symptoms such as pain and incontinence, underscoring the need for more comprehensive patient-reported outcome (PRO) tools. This study aims to integrate enhanced PROs into routine clinical practice to better capture the spectrum of LUTS, thereby improving clinical outcomes and patient care.Methods This prospective observational study will recruit men with LUTS secondary to BPH aged ≥ 50 years from urology clinics. Participants will be stratified into medical and surgical management groups, with PRO assessments scheduled at regular intervals to monitor LUTS and other health outcomes. The study will employ the LURN Symptom Index (SI)-29 alongside the traditional AUA-SI and other non-urologic PROs to evaluate a broad range of symptoms. Data on comorbidities, symptom severity, and treatment efficacy will be collected through a combination of electronic health records and PROs. Analyses will focus on the predictive power of these tools in relation to symptom trajectories and treatment responses. Aims are to: (1) integrate routine clinical tests with PRO assessment to enhance screening, diagnosis, and management of patients with BPH; (2) examine psychometric properties of the LURN SIs, including test-retest reliability and establishment of clinically meaningful differences; and (3) create care-coordination recommendations to facilitate management of persistent symptoms and common comorbidities measured by PROs.Discussion By employing comprehensive PRO measures, this study expects to refine symptom assessment and enhance treatment monitoring, potentially leading to improved personalized care strategies. The integration of these tools into clinical settings could revolutionize the management of LUTS/BPH by providing more nuanced insights into patient experiences and outcomes. The findings could have significant implications for clinical practices, potentially leading to updates in clinical guidelines and better health management strategies for men with LUTS/BPH.Trial registration: This study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05898932).
Energetic analysis of spreading of impacting drops on cold surfaces
Authors: Yan Peiwen , McCormack Conan , Davis Stephen H. , Kavehpour H. Pirouz 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Mechanism restricting advancing contact line remains debated for drop impacts on cold solid substrates while lamella is spreading and solidifying simultaneously. We conducted experiments involving hexadecane drops impacts on cold solid substrates at different temperatures below liquid freezing temperature with various impact velocities to observe spreading and contact line dynamics. Due to the similarity in temporal growth of viscous and freezing boundary layers, an effective boundary layer thickness is introduced to estimate dissipation in the shear layer. As the contact line is caught up by freezing front, driven by non-equilibrium kinetic solidification, lamella spreads over solidified volume at contact line region. An additional dissipative friction at proximity to contact line is therefore proposed, which can be incorporated to account freezing induced dissipative mechanisms at contact line in any prognostic model for maximum solidification-limited spreading ratio. In an energetic argument, we assess relative dissipation of energy in the parameter space of Weber and Stefan numbers and propose a nondimensional number Di to characterize whether solidification-induced energy dissipation basally in the shear layer or laterally at the contact line dominates to limit droplet spreading.
Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Impinging Droplet Solidification at Moderate Impact Velocities
Authors: McGuan Ryan , Alizadeh-Birjandi Elaheh , Yan Peiwen , Davis Stephen H. , Kavehpour H. Pirouz 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Spreading of liquid drops on cold solid substrates is a complicated problem that involves heat transfer, fluid dynamics, and phase change physics combined with complex wetting behaviors at the contact-line. Understanding the physics behind the non-isothermal spreading of droplet is of utmost importance due to its broad applications in diverse areas of industry such as in additive manufacturing processes. This work mainly focuses on determining the important physical parameters involved in the non-isothermal spreading of droplets with low contact angle (less than 90 deg) as well as controlling the post-solidification geometry of impinging droplets with moderate impact velocity where spreading is driven by impact velocities, but fingerings or instabilities do not occur at the contact-line. Using analytical modeling, a possible explanation for contact-line arrest is produced that demonstrates that the final radius of droplets of moderate impacting velocity is independent of the initial conditions including the impact dynamics and temperature gradients. The predictive capacity of this model is confirmed with experimental results.
Computation on temperature-based topologicalindicators and QSPR analysis of the five clinicallyapproved NNRTIs antiretroviral drugs for thetreatment of HIV-1
Authors: G Kalaimurugan , R Thamizhmaran 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(AIDS) is one of the life-threatening disease that yearly affects 39 million people globally. There are currently manyantiretroviral medicines available to control the infection but not to curethe Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) type-1 virus that causes AIDS. Indrug designing, topological indices play a major role with help from quantitative structure-property/activity relationship (QSPR/QSAR). In this paper,we use molecular structure and physicochemical properties of non-nucleosidereverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) antiretroviral drugs like Nevirapine(N), Delavirdine (D), Efavirenz (Ef), Etravirine (Et), and Rilpivirine (R) tocompute the temperature-based topological indices. In addition, We analyze therelevant temperature-based topological indices and it is established that thesetopological indices are highly correlated and have predictive capability with thephysicochemical properties of HIV-1 drugs using QSPR.
Quantitative proteomic analysis deciphers mechanisms of sheath blight resistance in novel rice landrace against Rhizoctonia solani
Authors: MOHANAN Arvind , Prashanthi S K , Arun Y P , Raghunandana A , Krishnaraj P U , NAYAK Spurthi , HEGDE Yashoda 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Sheath blight (ShB) disease, instigated by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, inflicts a significant economic threat to rice production, trailing closely behind blast. Acknowledging the limited understanding of ShB resistance proteomics in highly resistant germplasm, our study aimed to unravel the proteomic intricacies underlying the interaction between resistant landrace Nizam Shait and R. solani. Utilizing Nizam Shait and BPT-5204 as representatives of ShB resistance and susceptibility, a comparative proteome analysis was performed using Orbitrap-Fusion mass spectrometry. The analysis unveiled 5133 differentially expressed proteins, with 118 significantly upregulated and 172 significantly downregulated at a0.05 p-value. Notably, the 14-3-3 like protein GF-E exhibited the highest upregulation, indicating its pivotal role in the brassinosteroid signaling pathway and defense modulation. Proteins associated with systemic acquired resistance, R gene-mediated resistance, and cell death were downregulated, while those linked to jasmonic acid-induced systemic resistance (JA-ISR) showed notable upregulation, confirming ISR induction in response to ShB infection. Key signaling pathways involved in ShB resistance in Nizam Shait encompassed PTI via JA-ISR, cell wall strengthening, and brassinosteroid and abscisic acid-mediated resistance. Validation of the proteome data through qRT-PCR corroborated the findings, underscoring the significance of this research for future proteome assisted breeding efforts aimed at developing ShB resistant rice varieties.
How much hatchery-reared brown trout move in a large, deep subalpine lake? An acoustic telemetry study
Authors: Brignone Stefano , Minazzi Luca , Molina Christophe , Putelli Tiziano , Volta Pietro 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Fish movement into large, deep lakes has been rarely investigated due to the complexity and extent of such ecosystems. Among the different monitoring methods available, acoustic telemetry enables to study spatial ecology of aquatic organisms and to investigate their behavior in lentic environments. In this study, movement of 69 hatchery-reared adult brown trout (size 43–61 cm) marked with acoustic transmitters was monitored in the large and deep subalpine Lake Lugano (Switzerland and Italy). Trout were tracked for six consecutive months by 7 hydrophones (April-August 2022), positioned in a non-overlapping array. Trout movement was reconstructed using R packages specific for acoustic telemetry (Actel and RSP), which also allowed to translate tracking information into utilization distribution (UD) areas for each fish. The effects of different environmental variables (rainfall, water discharge of the two main tributaries of Lake Lugano, atmospheric pressure, cloud coverage and moon phases) on trout movement was tested, but none of these variables seemed to correlate with fish movement. Although trout marked with acoustic transmitters were hatchery-reared fish, the extent of their total movement throughout the study period was unexpected, with many trout moving for more than 100 km in few months. The extent of such movement patterns is potentially related to an explorative behavior, which is more pronounced in hatchery-reared fish due to their more aggressive and bolder attitude. The association of these behavioral traits, shaped by domestication, could expose hatchery-reared fish to higher risks and post-release mortality in the wild.
A Study of Internal Medicine Subspecialty Fellows’ Time Allocation and Consultation Experience
Authors: Lockwood Megan , Miloslavsky Eli 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The educational environment and burnout during Internal Medicine subspecialty fellowship training are important for learning outcomes. Understanding how trainees allocate their time and identifying stressors are important steps to improving the training experience.
Objective
We examined Internal Medicine fellows’ time allocation during training. We also investigated perceptions of work experience on the inpatient consultation services.
Methods
A survey instrument was sent to Internal Medicine subspecialty fellows in consecutive years (2019 and 2020) at a single academic medical center.
Results
116 fellows responded representing ten subspecialty fellowships (32% response rate). The majority of self-reported time was spent on clinical care in the first two years and in research in the third year. Note writing represented approximately one-third of total patient care time. Studying was reported as the activity where fellows spent the least time. Factors with the highest positive impact on the inpatient consultation experience included consult request early in the day, sufficient time to learn, and clarity of consult question while unpredictability of workload and perceived low necessity of the consult negatively impacted the experience.
Conclusions
The largest percentage of time spent by Internal Medicine subspecialty fellows is with direct inpatient care, with a significant proportion spent on clinical documentation and answering patient messages. Factors impacting fellow experience during inpatient consultation highlight the importance of pace of work, predictability of the workload, and ability to add value and to learn. Our findings offer insight for the development of interventions that may enhance the fellowship learning environment and reduce burnout.