bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Occurrence of C‐Glucoside of Resveratrol Oligomers in Hopea parviflora
Authors: Abe Naohito , Ito Tetsuro , Oyama Masayoshi , Sawa Ryuichi , Takahashi Yoshikazu , Chelladurai Veliah , Iinuma Munekazu 
Published: July 2011

Abstractisolation and structure elucidation of stereoisomeric hopeasides A and B (I), hopeaside C (II) and D (III)
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of an Isomer of the Renieramycin Skeleton from L‐Tyrosine.
Authors: Liu Wei , Dong Wen Fang , Liao Xiang Wei , Guan Bao He , Liu Zhan Zhu 
Published: July 2011

AbstractTwo Pictet—Spengler reactions are the key steps in an attempted novel total synthesis of the marine natural product (‐)‐renieramycin G.
ChemInform Abstract: The First Synthesis of the Benzo[b]indolo[1,2‐h][1,7]naphthyridine Ring System.
Authors: Baranova Olga V. , Zhidkov Maxim E. , Dubovitskii Sergey V. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe title skeleton is represented by structure (IV), suitable for further derivatization.
ChemInform Abstract: Spoxazomicins A—C, Novel Antitrypanosomal Alkaloids Produced by an Endophytic Actinomycete, Streptosporangium oxazolinicum K07‐0460T.
Authors: Omura Satoshi , et al. et al. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractSpoxazomicin A (I) shows potent and selective antitrypanosomal activities, 14—21 fold higher than those of clinically used reference drugs suramin and eflornithine.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Pulvinones via Tandem Dieckmann Condensation—Alkoxide β‐Elimination.
Authors: Nadal Brice , Rouleau Julien , Besnard Helene , Thuery Pierre , Le Gall Thierry 
Published: July 2011

AbstractReaction of acyloxyesters containing a trifluoroethoxy group (I) and (III) with LiHMDS proceeds via tandem Dieckmann condensation—alkoxide β‐elimination to give pulvinones (II) and (IV), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses and Biological Activities of 1,4‐Iminoalditol Derivatives as α‐L‐Fucosidase Inhibitors
Authors: Moreno‐Clavijo Elena , Carmona Ana T. , Moreno‐Vargas Antonio J. , Molina Lidia , Robina Inmaculada 
Published: July 2011

AbstractReview: 57 refs.
Synthesis and in vitro Anticancer Activity of Ruthenium–Cymene Complexes with Cyclohexyl‐Functionalized Ethylenediamine‐N,N′‐diacetate‐Type Ligands
Authors: Savić Aleksandar , Dulović Marija , Poljarević Jelena M. , Misirlić‐Denčić Sonja , Jovanović Maja , Bogdanović Andrija , Trajković Vladimir , Sabo Tibor J. , Grgurić‐Šipka Sanja , Marković Ivanka 
Published: July 2011

AbstractHerein we describe the synthesis, characterization, and anticancer activity of novel p‐cymeneruthenium(II) complexes containing methyl, ethyl, n‐propyl, and n‐butyl esters of (S,S)‐ethylenediamine‐N,N′‐di‐2‐(3‐cyclohexyl)propanoic acid. The results of IR, UV/Vis, ESIMS, 1H, and 13C NMR characterization reveal that ligand coordination occurs through nitrogen donor atoms of the ester ligands, with the organoruthenium moiety being kept in complex. These ruthenium(II) complexes are cytotoxic toward various cancer cell lines including leukemic HL‐60, K562, and REH cells (IC50: 1.0–20.2 μM), with the n‐butyl ester complex being the most effective. It causes apoptotic cell death associated with mitochondrial depolarization, caspase activation, phosphatidylserine exposure, and DNA fragmentation. Importantly, the n‐butyl ester complex is more effective against leukemic patients′ blood mononuclear cells relative to those from healthy control subjects, thus indicating a fairly selective antileukemic action of RuII‐based compounds.
Identification of Small‐Molecule Inhibitors of the XendoU Endoribonucleases Family
Authors: Ragno Rino , Gioia Ubaldo , Laneve Pietro , Bozzoni Irene , Mai Antonello , Caffarelli Elisa 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe XendoU family of enzymes includes several proteins displaying high sequence homology. The members characterized so far are endoribonucleases sharing similar biochemical properties and a common architecture in their active sites. Despite their similarities, these proteins are involved in distinct RNA‐processing pathways in different organisms. The amphibian XendoU participates in the biosynthesis of small nucleolar RNAs, the human PP11 is supposed to play specialized roles in placental tissue, and NendoU has critical function in coronavirus replication. Notably, XendoU family members have been implicated in human pathologies such as cancer and respiratory diseases: PP11 is aberrantly expressed in various tumors, while NendoU activity has been associated with respiratory infections by pathogenic coronaviruses. The present study is aimed at identifying small molecules that may selectively interfere with these enzymatic activities. Combining structure‐based virtual screening and experimental approaches, we identified four molecules that specifically inhibited the catalytic activity of XendoU and PP11 in the low micromolar range. Moreover, docking experiments strongly suggested that these compounds might also bind to the active site of NendoU, thus impairing the catalytic activity essential for the coronavirus life cycle. The identified compounds, while allowing deep investigation of the molecular functions of this enzyme family, may also represent leads for the development of new therapeutic tools.
HOPF‐Bifurcations, Global Coupling and Hysteresis in dc‐Driven Oxygen Discharges
Authors: Bruhn B. , May B. , Marbach J. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractStarting from a hydrodynamic model to describe the positive column of a glow discharge in oxygen, we investigate the stability of the homogeneous state. Near the critical points of the instability curve the wave dynamics are approximated by an amplitude equation of the Ginzburg‐Landau type with complex coefficients and an additional integral term. The nonlocal coupling term describes the influence of the external circuit on the plasma properties. The complex coefficients are calculated for selected values of the plasma parameters. For sufficiently large values of the external resistor a subcritical Hopf‐bifurcation is found. This is in agreement with the observation that in oxygen discharges a strong hysteresis occurs at the transition from the H ‐mode to the T ‐mode. Moreover, a numerical approach is used to study the hysteresis as a transition phenomenon (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Enabling multiparty karaoke over Internet based on low‐level computers: practice and experiment
Authors: Wang Jian‐Hong , Pan Jen‐Yi , Feng Shih‐Chuan , Deng Der‐Jiunn 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYKaraoke is a system for amateur singing. The traditional online karaoke system does not allow multi‐singers to sing a song in one session. This study designs and implements multiparty karaoke over Internet (MKI) based on low‐level computers. The MKI is an online karaoke system of distributed architecture that allows multi‐singers to sing a song in one session. The MKI must deal with the problems of feedback, asynchronous audio latency at singers’ nodes, round‐trip latency at an inviter's node, and multi‐singers singing a song in one session. The acoustic isolation between microphone and speakers avoids feedback. Network Time Protocol avoids asynchronous audio latency. The third method's round‐trip latency in this study is within 86 ms, and all participants experience the simultaneous singing of the inviter and the invitees. MKI can be used for increasing leisure time, singing skills, and interpersonal relationships. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Parallel drug development
Authors: Wiklund Stig Johan 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIn the pharmaceutical industry, it is common practice to pursue sequentially, within a family of compounds, a number of candidate compounds for further development. This article challenges the sequential tradition, and instead proposes a parallel drug development paradigm, in which several candidate compounds are nominated at the same time, and are simultaneously evaluated through the development process. Evaluating several compounds as candidate drugs (CDs) simultaneously, and in particular in the same studies, will potentially bring huge productivity benefits. The average time to a successful launch, or time to the closure of research on a futile target (family of CDs), may be substantially reduced. Other benefits imply substantially reduced costs as a result of fewer studies, fewer patients receiving placebo, and fewer animals receiving vehicle. A further benefit of the parallel drug development approach is the potential for head‐to‐head comparison of CDs, leading to improved accuracy in the selection of which compounds to progress through development. A modeling framework has been developed by which development strategies can be compared. Simulations have been performed based on the model. Results are summarized to allow quantitative comparisons of the performance of the parallel development and the traditional sequential development approaches. Drug Dev Res 73: 24–34, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The cytoskeleton of the neuron—an essay in celebration of Paul Letourneau's career
Authors: Jean Daphney C. , Black Mark M. , Baas Peter W. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe neuronal cytoskeleton consists of microtubules, actin filaments, neurofilaments, and an array of accessory proteins that regulate and modify these three main filament systems. This essay celebrates the career of Paul Letourneau, a pioneer of the neuronal cytoskeleton, to whom the community owes a debt of gratitude. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol, 2011
Pioneering studies on the mechanisms of neuronal morphogenesis
Authors: Gomez Timothy M. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAxon outgrowth and pathfinding occurs through a complex series of interacting biochemical signaling pathways that regulate the motility of neuronal growth cones. Over the past 30 years, Paul Letourneau and his students have explored the molecular basis of growth cone motility and have contributed immensely to this field. In celebration of his 65th birthday, this essay is written in gratitude for Paul's many contributions and training. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Develop Neurobiol, 2011
Mechanisms of neuronal growth cone guidance: An historical perspective
Authors: Maloney Michael T. , Bamburg James R. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAt the distal most aspect of motile extending axons and dendrites lies the growth cone, a hand like macroorganelle of membrane bound cytoskeleton, packed with receptors, adhesion molecules, molecular motors, and an army of regulatory and signaling proteins. Splayed out along the substratum in vitro, the growth cone resembles an open hand with bundles of filamentous actin, barbed ends outstretched, as if fingers extending from a central domain of dynamic microtubule plus ends. The growth cone acts first as a sensory platform, analyzing the environment ahead for the presence of guidance cues, secondly as a mechanical dynamo establishing focal contact with the extracellular matrix to drive processive forward outgrowth, and thirdly as a forward biochemical command center where signals are interrogated to inform turning, extension, retraction, or branching. During his career, Paul Letourneau has made major contributions to our understanding of how growth cones respond to their environment. Here, we will summarize some of these major advances in their historical context. Letourneau's contributions have provided insights into cytoskeletal organization, growth cone dynamics, and signaling pathways. His recent work has described some important molecules and molecular mechanisms involved in growth cone turning. Although much remains to be understood about this important and intriguing structure, Letourneau's contributions have provided us with “growth cone guidance.” © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol, 2011
Psychosocial determinants and family background in anorexia nervosa—results from the Stockholm birth cohort study
Authors: Ahrén Jennie C. , Chiesa Flaminia , af Klinteberg Britt , Koupil Ilona 
Published: July 2011

AbstractObjective:The aim of this study was to examine the associations between psychosocial factors and family background and incidence of anorexia nervosa (AN) in a Swedish cohort.Method:The Stockholm Birth Cohort, SBC (N = 14,294) contains information on social background and general health in males and females, born in Stockholm 1953. Hospitalizations for AN, based on diagnoses from the ICD‐8 through ICD‐10, were recorded from 1969 to 2002. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to measure the association between psychosocial characteristics and family background and the risk of AN.Results:Higher maternal education was associated with a higher risk for hospitalization for AN. An increased risk for AN was also found among females who stated that they “often compare their future prospects with others.”Discussion:Although the study is based on a low number of cases, it confirms earlier findings of higher maternal education among individuals with eating disorders in similar cohorts. © 2011 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2012)
Transcriptional profiling of innate and adaptive human immune responses to mycobacteria in the tuberculin skin test
Authors: Tomlinson Gillian S. , Cashmore Tamaryn J. , Elkington Paul T. G. , Yates John , Lehloenya Rannakoe J. , Tsang Jhen , Brown Michael , Miller Robert F. , Dheda Keertan , Katz David R. , Chain Benjamin M. , Noursadeghi Mahdad 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe tuberculin skin test (TST) is a model of integrated innate and adaptive human immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but the component processes that are involved in this model have not previously been defined in vivo. We used transcriptional profiling to study these responses within the TST at molecular and system levels. Skin biopsies from TST injection sites were examined in subjects classified as TST+ or TST− by clinical and histological criteria. Genome‐wide expression arrays showed evolution of immune responses reflecting T‐cell activation and recruitment with uniquely Th1‐polarized responses and cytotoxic T cells (CTLs). In addition, distinct innate immune and IFN‐γ‐stimulated gene expression signatures were identified, under the regulation of NF‐κB and STAT1 transcriptional control. These were highly enriched for chemokines and MHC class II molecules providing a potential mechanism for paracrine amplification of inflammatory responses in the TST, by supporting cellular recruitment and enhancing antigen presentation. The same repertoire of innate and adaptive immune responses was evident in TST+ and TST− subjects alike, clinically positive TSTs being distinguished only by quantitatively greater differences. These data provide new insights into complex multifaceted responses within the TST, with much greater sensitivity than previous clinical or histological assessments.
Rapid, automated measurement of dielectrophoretic forces using DEP‐activated microwells
Authors: Broche Lionel M. , Hoettges Kai F. , Ogin Stephen L. , Kass George E. N. , Hughes Michael P. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractDielectrophoresis (DEP) is a physical effect that generates a force on polarisable particles experiencing a non‐homogeneous electric field; studying the effect as a function of frequency allows the determination of the electrical properties of that particle, i.e. the electrical permittivity and conductivity. In the past, DEP‐based techniques applied to the measurement of one or several cells at a time have been subject to many sources of noise, which result in an ambiguous or inaccurate result. However, improvements are possible by generating more information from the experiments. In this paper, we present a rapid automated system that measures the DEP spectrum from a large population of cells with a low level of noise using the microwell electrodes, based on a method of analysis that provides additional information about the electrical properties of the cells and a new theoretical approach was developed to obtain accurate, bias‐free results in <5 min.
Should I Ask About Eating? Patients' Disclosure of Eating Disorder Symptoms and Help‐seeking Behaviour
Authors: Gilbert Nicola , Arcelus Jon , Cashmore Rebecca , Thompson Barbara , Langham Chris , Meyer Caroline 
Published: July 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo retrospectively explore the first disclosure of eating problems and the impact of disclosure factors on subsequent help‐seeking amongst women with eating disorders.MethodSeventy‐one eating disorder service users were interviewed using the newly developed Eating Disorder Disclosure Interview and the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire.ResultsFaster access to specialist services was associated with being older at first disclosure and with disclosures that involved either a general practitioner, an individual's partner or mother. Patients' appraisals of ‘other‐initiated’ and ‘volunteered’ disclosures did not differ, although ‘other‐initiated’ disclosures were younger and accessed help more quickly than those who ‘volunteered’. The more positively ‘other‐initiated’ disclosures were appraised, the quicker the subsequent help‐seeking.ConclusionThe findings indicate that initiating a disclosure might lead to earlier access to treatment for individuals with eating disorders. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
A Longitudinal Study of Motives for Wishing to Be Thinner and Weight‐control Practices in 7‐ to 18‐Year‐Old Swedish Girls
Authors: Westerberg‐Jacobson Josefin , Ghaderi Ata , Edlund Birgitta 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe main aim of this seven‐year longitudinal study, of 411 Swedish pre‐adolescent girls (aged 7–11 years, Year 1), was to examine a wish to be thinner, dieting attempts, described motives for wishing to be thinner and weight‐control practices. A further aim was to examine to what extent body mass index (BMI) accounted for motives for wishing to be thinner and weight‐control practices. A wish to be thinner and dieting attempts increased significantly with increasing age between the ages of 9 and 18. The most frequently reported motive for wishing to be thinner was to ‘feel better about yourself’. Categories that emerged from the qualitative analysis of self‐described motives for the wish to be thinner were, for example, to ‘correspond to the societal ideal’ and to ‘wear particular clothes’. A majority of the girls adopted weight‐control practices that would be considered as healthy, but extreme weight‐control practices increased with age. Girls with BMIs over the 75th percentile reported a greater number of motives for wishing to be thinner and used extreme weight‐control practices significantly more often than the other girls. However, of the girls who changed BMI from above the 75th percentile to under the 75th percentile, 34.1% reported that they had not used any weight‐control practices at all. Our results show that girls at a very early age are aware of the ‘thin’ ideal in our society, wish to be thinner and try to lose weight. The results point to the importance of detecting girls who wish to be thinner as early as possible. If we can employ preventive action in time, it is possible that dieting behaviour will never develop. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
A simple incompressible flux splitting for sharp free surface capturing
Authors: Niu Yang‐Yao , Edwards Jack R. 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYThis paper first applies a flux vector‐type splitting method based on the numerical speed of sound for computing incompressible single and multifluid flows. Here, a preconditioning matrix based on Chorin's artificial compressibility concept is used to modify the incompressible multifluid Navier–Stokes equations to be hyperbolic and density or volume fraction‐independent. The current approach can reduce eigenvalues disparity induced from density or volume fraction ratios and enhance numerical stability. Also, a simple convection‐pressure flux‐splitting method with high‐order essentially nonoscillatory‐type primitive variable extrapolations coupled with monotone upstream‐centered schemes for conservation laws‐type volume fraction recompressed reconstruction is used to maintain the preservation of sharp interface evolutions in multifluid flow simulations. Benchmark tests including a solid rotation test of a notched two‐dimensional cylinder, the evolution of spiral and rotational shapes of deformable circles, a dam breaking problem, and the Rayleigh–Taylor instability were chosen to validate the current incompressible multifluid methodology. An incompressible driven cavity was also chosen to check the robustness of the proposed method on the computation of single fluid incompressible flow problems. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Social instability stress in adolescent male rats alters hippocampal neurogenesis and produces deficits in spatial location memory in adulthood
Authors: McCormick Cheryl M. , Thomas Catherine M. , Sheridan Cheryl S. , Nixon Feather , Flynn Jennifer A. , Mathews Iva Z. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe ongoing development of the hippocampus in adolescence may be vulnerable to stressors. The effects of social instability stress (SS) in adolescence (daily 1 h isolation and change of cage partner postnatal days 30–45) on cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus (DG) in adolescence (on days 33 and 46, experiment 1) and in adulthood (experiment 2) was examined in Long Evans male rats and compared to nonstressed controls (CTL). Additionally, in experiment 2, a separate group of SS and CTL rats was tested on either a spatial (hippocampal‐dependent) or nonspatial (nonhippocampal dependent) version of an object memory test and also were used to investigate hippocampal expression of markers of synaptic plasticity. No memory impairment was evident until the SS rats were adults, and the impairment was only on the spatial test. SS rats initially (postnatal day 33) had increased cell proliferation based on counts of Ki67 immunoreactive (ir) cells and greater survival of immature neurons based on counts of doublecortin ir cells on day 46 and in adulthood, irrespective of behavioral testing. Counts of microglia in the DG did not differ by stress group, but behavioral testing was associated with reduced microglia counts compared to nontested rats. As adults, SS and CTL rats did not differ in hippocampal expression of synaptophysin, but compared to CTL rats, SS rats had higher expression of basal calcium/calmodulin‐dependent kinase II (CamKII), and lower expression of the phosphorylated CamKII subunit threonine 286, signaling molecules related to synaptic plasticity. The results are contrasted with those from previous reports of chronic stress in adult rats, and we conclude that adolescent stress alters the ongoing development of the hippocampus leading to impaired spatial memory in adulthood, highlighting the heightened vulnerability to stressors in adolescence. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Solving of boundary‐layer equations with transpiration effects, governance on a vertical permeable cylinder using modified differential transform method
Authors: Rashidi M.M. , Hayat T. , Basiri Parsa A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe suction and injection effects on the free convection boundary‐layer flow over a vertical cylinder are studied. The main stream velocity and wall temperature are proportional to the axial distance along the surface of the cylinder. Both analytic and numerical solutions of the arising mathematical problem are obtained. An analytic solution is derived by a new analytical method (DTM‐Padé) and numerical solutions have been performed by using a fourth‐order Runge–Kutta and shooting methods. Velocity and temperature profiles are shown graphically. It is shown that the differential transform method (DTM) solutions are only valid for small values of the independent variable but the obtained results by DTM‐Padé are valid for the whole solution domain with high accuracy. These methods can be easily extended to other linear and nonlinear equations and so can be found widely applicable in engineering and sciences. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/htj). DOI 10.1002/htj.20366