bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of various sterilization methods on the bioactivity of laser ablation pseudowollastonite coating
Authors: Zuleta F. A. , Velasquez P. , De Aza P. N. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractSterilization is required for using any material or device in contact with the human body. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of four sterilization methods (steam autoclave, hydrogen peroxide plasma, ethylene oxide, and gamma sterilization) on the surface chemistry and in vitro bioactivity of pseudowollastonite (psW) coatings in titanium alloys substrates. psW coatings in Ti‐6Al‐4V substrates obtained by laser ablation technique were sterilized and immersed in Kokubo's simulated body fluid (SBF) up to 30 days. No changes in the chemical composition were noted after sterilization. However, a Ca/P‐layer of different thickness, identified as hydroxyapatite (HA) like was developed on all the samples after soaking, although, the ethylene oxide sterilized samples present a nonhomogeneous and ∼55.9% thinner HA‐like layer. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010.
Do proton pump inhibitors decrease calcium absorption?
Authors: Hansen Karen E , Jones Andrea N , Lindstrom Mary J , Davis Lisa A , Ziegler Toni E , Penniston Kristina L , Alvig Amy L , Shafer Martin M 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) increase osteoporotic fracture risk presumably via hypochlorhydria and consequent reduced fractional calcium absorption (FCA). Existing studies provide conflicting information regarding the direct effects of PPIs on FCA. We evaluated the effect of PPI therapy on FCA. We recruited women at least 5 years past menopause who were not taking acid suppressants. Participants underwent three 24-hour inpatient FCA studies using the dual stable isotope method. Two FCA studies were performed 1 month apart to establish baseline calcium absorption. The third study occurred after taking omeprazole (40 mg/day) for 30 days. Each participant consumed the same foods during all FCA studies; study meals replicated subjects' dietary habits based on 7-day diet diaries. Twenty-one postmenopausal women ages 58 ± 7 years (mean ± SD) completed all study visits. Seventeen women were white, and 2 each were black and Hispanic. FCA (mean ± SD) was 20% ± 10% at visit 1, 18% ± 10% at visit 2, and 23% ± 10% following 30 ± 3 days of daily omeprazole (p = .07, ANOVA). Multiple linear regression revealed that age, gastric pH, serum omeprazole levels, adherence to omeprazole, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were unrelated to changes in FCA between study visits 2 and 3. The 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 level at visit 2 was the only variable (p = .049) associated with the change in FCA between visits 2 and 3. PPI-associated hypochlorhydria does not decrease FCA following 30 days of continuous use. Future studies should focus on identifying mechanisms by which PPIs increase the risk of osteoporotic fracture. © 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
A naturally occurring isoform inhibits parathyroid hormone receptor trafficking and signaling
Authors: Alonso Verónica , Ardura Juan A , Wang Bin , Sneddon W Bruce , Friedman Peter A 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulates calcium homeostasis and bone remodeling through its cognitive receptor (PTHR). We describe here a PTHR isoform harboring an in-frame 42-bp deletion of exon 14 (Δe14-PTHR) that encodes transmembrane domain 7. Δe14-PTHR was detected in human kidney and buccal epithelial cells. We characterized its topology, cellular localization, and signaling, as well as its interactions with PTHR. The C-terminus of the Δe14-PTHR is extracellular, and cell surface expression is strikingly reduced compared with the PTHR. Δe14-PTHR displayed impaired trafficking and accumulated in endoplasmic reticulum. Signaling and activation of cAMP and ERK by Δe14-PTHR was decreased significantly compared with PTHR. Δe14-PTHR acts as a functional dominant-negative by suppressing the action of PTHR. Cells cotransfected with both receptors exhibit markedly reduced PTHR cell membrane expression, colocalization with Δe14-PTHR in endoplasmic reticulum, and diminished cAMP activation and ERK phosphorylation in response to challenge with PTH. Δe14-PTHR forms heterodimers with PTHR, which may account for cytoplasmic retention of PTHR in the presence of Δe14-PTHR. Analysis of the PTHR heteronuclear RNA suggests that base-pair complementarity in introns surrounding exon 14 causes exon skipping and accounts for generation of the Δe14-PTHR isoform. Thus Δe14-PTHR is a poorly functional receptor that acts as a dominant-negative of PTHR trafficking and signaling and may contribute to PTH resistance. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Mechanical induction of PGE2 in osteocytes blocks glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis through both the β-catenin and PKA pathways
Authors: Kitase Yukiko , Barragan Leonardo , Qing Hai , Kondoh Shino , Jiang Jean X , Johnson Mark L , Bonewald Lynda F 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Glucocorticoids are known to induce osteocyte apoptosis, whereas mechanical loading has been shown to sustain osteocyte viability. Here we show that mechanical loading in the form of fluid-flow shear stress blocks dexamethasone-induced apoptosis of osteocyte-like cells (MLO-Y4). Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a rapidly induced signaling molecule produced by osteocytes, was shown to be protective against dexamethasone-induced apoptosis, whereas indomethacin reversed the antiapoptotic effects of shear stress. This protective effect of shear stress was mediated through EP2 and EP4 receptors, leading to activation of the cAMP/protein kinase A signaling pathway. Activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, an inhibitor of glycogen synthesis kinase 3, also occurred, leading to the nuclear translocation of β-catenin, an important signal transducer of the Wnt signaling pathway. Both shear stress and prostaglandin increased the phosphorylation of glycogen synthesis kinase 3 α/β. Lithium chloride, an activator of the Wnt pathway, also was protective against glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis. Whereas it is known that mechanical loading increases cyclooxygenase-2 and EP2 receptor expression and prostaglandin production, dexamethasone was shown to inhibit expression of these components of the prostaglandin pathway and to reduce β-catenin protein expression. β-catenin siRNA knockdown experiments abrogated the protective effects of PGE2, confirming the central role of β-catenin in mediating the protection against dexamethasone-induced cell death. Our data support a central role for PGE2 acting through the cAMP/PKA and β-catenin signaling pathways in the protection of osteocyte apoptosis by fluid-flow shear stress. © 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Estrogen receptor α36 mediates a bone-sparing effect of 17β-estrodiol in postmenopausal women
Authors: Xie Hui , Sun Mei , Liao Xiao-Bo , Yuan Ling-Qing , Sheng Zhi-Feng , Meng Ji-Cai , Wang Dan , Yu Zhi-Yong , Zhang Lei-Yi , Zhou Hou-De , Luo Xiang-Hang , Li Hui , Wu Xian-Ping , Wei Qi-You , Tang Si-Yuan , Wang Zhao-Yi , Liao Er-Yuan 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Recently, a membrane-based estrogen receptor (ER), ER-α36, was identified and cloned that transduces membrane-initiated estrogen signaling such as activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) signaling pathway. Here we show that the postmenopausal level of estradiol (E2) induces mitogenic, antiapoptotic, and antiosteogenic effects and proapoptotic effects in postmenopausal osteoblasts and osteoclasts with high levels of ER-α36 expression, respectively. We also found that ER-α36 mediated the effects of postmenopausal-level E2 on proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation of osteoblasts through transient activation of the MAPK/ERK pathway, whereas ER-α36-mediated postmenopausal-level E2 induces apoptosis of osteoclasts through prolonged activation of the MAPK/ERK pathway with the involvement of reactive oxygen species. We also show that the levels of ER-α36 expression in bone are positively associated with bone mineral density but negatively associated with bone biochemical markers in postmenopausal women. Thus the higher levels of ER-α36 expression are required for preserving bone mass in postmenopausal and menopausal women who become osteoporotic if ER-α36-mediated activities are dysregulated. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Is it time to sell technology stocks?
Authors: Tokic Damir , Vezilic Stijepo 
Published: June 2010

AbstractWhat's ahead for technology stocks, and the stock market as a whole? There has been an impressive rally in technology stocks since March 2009. But as we write this in April 2010, technology stocks and the stock market overall still appear to be modestly undervalued when looking at current values with respect to expected earnings for Standard & Poor's 500 companies in 2010. However, the authors believe that the government artificially inflates the earnings with various economic stimulus programs. So the stock market rally can continue‐as long as the government is able to support it. But what happens when the money runs out? And what about the risks of excessive government spending? © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
XBRL filings: What have we learned?
Authors: Weirich Thomas R. , Harrast Steven A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn January 2009, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) mandated the use of eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) financial statement reports. The current filing process with the SEC will undergo a major change under XBRL, but the new rules are taking effect over a three‐year phase‐in period. What lessons have we learned from the first wave of XBRL filers with the SEC? And what future planning should Phase 2 and Phase 3 companies undertake? © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hidden costs of data storage
Authors: Sergeant Anne M. A. , Sergeant Carl S. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractCompanies can no longer afford to view data storage with a “save‐it‐all” mentality. The cost is prohibitive. And companies also can no longer haphazardly deal with data storage by simply doing what they have always done—because the regulatory and business environment has changed. But can firms recognize and control the critical hidden costs? © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The downturn: How CIOs and CFOs must work together
Authors: Barnier Brian G. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractGreat companies all deal successfully with change. In tough times, chief financial officers (CFOs) are on the hot seat. They have to cut costs. How can a chief information officer (CIO) work with his CFO to make the necessary cuts‐but at the same time protect the information technology function? © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Assessing suicide risk among callers to crisis hotlines: A confirmatory factor analysis
Authors: Witte Tracy K. , Gould Madelyn S. , Munfakh Jimmie Lou Harris , Kleinman Marjorie , Joiner Thomas E. , Kalafat John 
Published: June 2010

AbstractOur goal was to investigate the factor structure of a risk assessment tool utilized by suicide hotlines and to determine the predictive validity of the obtained factors in predicting subsequent suicidal behavior. We conducted an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), an EFA in a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (EFA/CFA) framework, and a CFA on independent subsamples derived from a total sample of 1,085. Similar to previous studies, we found consistent evidence for a two‐factor solution, with one factor representing a more pernicious form of suicide risk (i.e., Resolved Plans and Preparations; RPP) and one factor representing milder suicidal ideation (i.e., Suicidal Desire and Ideation; SDI). The RPP factor trended toward being more predictive of suicidal ideation at follow‐up than the SDI factor. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 66:1–24, 2010.
Parental adherence to clinical recommendations in an ADHD evaluation clinic
Authors: Dreyer A. Samantha , O'Laughlin Liz , Moore Janna , Milam Zachary 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe present study examined perceived barriers to parental adherence with child psychological assessment recommendations. Eighty caregivers of children referred to an attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) evaluation clinic completed a telephone interview 4 to 6 weeks after receiving evaluation feedback. Caregivers reported adherence to 81.5% of recommendations and were equally likely to engage in self‐help recommendations (i.e., information on ADHD) and those for professional‐nonpsychological services (i.e., medication consultation). Caregivers were least likely to follow through on recommendations for psychological services (e.g., parental behavior training, individual therapy for children with symptoms of anxiety/depression). Higher rather than lower levels of parenting stress were associated with greater adherence. The most commonly reported barriers were lack of time and perceptions that the child's teacher was uncooperative with implementing school‐based recommendations. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 66:1–20, 2010.
Morphological features and clinical feasibility of thoracic duct: Detection with nonenhanced magnetic resonance imaging at 3.0 T
Authors: De‐xin Yu , Xiang‐xing Ma , Xiao‐ming Zhang , Qing Wang , Chuan‐fu Li 
Published: June 2010

AbstractPurpose:To evaluate the detection of the thoracic duct using nonenhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to determine the influence of some related disorders on the lymphatic duct.Materials and Methods:Highly fluid‐sensitive sequence and fat‐suppressed T2‐weighted imaging (FS‐T2WI) were performed in a total of 139 cases. The axial and coronal images were used to locate the thoracic duct and the measurement and evaluation of its dimensions were performed using a 3D maximum intensity projection (MIP) reconstruction image. The differences in the dimensions among control, portal hypertension, and common bile duct obstruction groups were compared using one‐way analysis of variance.Results:The cisterna chyli was shown in 91% of cases on FS‐T2WI, while the thoracic duct appeared in 70% of the MIP images. The common configuration of the cisterna chyli was tubular or saccular in 73%. Eighty thoracic ducts had a slight turn declining to the left at the level of T8–10. There was a significant difference in the transverse diameter of the thoracic duct between the portal hypertension group and other groups (F = 5.638, P = 0.005).Conclusion:Nonenhanced MRI is feasible for locating and depicting the morphological features of the thoracic duct. Portal hypertension may influence the dimension of the thoracic duct. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;32:94–100. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reproducibility of in vivo magnetic resonance imaging–based measurement of myelin water
Authors: Levesque Ives R. , Chia Charmaine L.L. , Pike G. Bruce 
Published: June 2010

AbstractPurpose:To evaluate the reproducibility of multicomponent quantitative T2 (QT2) measurements, in particular the myelin water fraction (MWF), to determine the sensitivity of this method for monitoring myelin changes in longitudinal studies and to provide a basis for correctly powering such studies.Materials and Methods:The de facto standard 32‐echo spin–echo imaging sequence was used throughout, and data were analyzed using regularized non‐negative least squares (NNLS) to produce T2 distributions. Three studies were conducted in healthy subjects. First, two acquisition protocols were compared in 10 subjects. Second, variability of QT2 was evaluated over same‐day scan–rescan experiments in 6 subjects. Finally, variability was quantified in a longitudinal study of 5 subjects.Results:A within‐subject coefficient of variation (CoV) of 12% (range 4–25%) was observed for the MWF in brain white matter (WM) regions of interest (ROIs). The geometric mean T2 was more stable, with a longitudinal CoV of 4% (range 1–6%). The choice of the geometry and repetition time of the acquisition protocol influenced the estimates of the MWF and T2 values. The choice of integration range for the short‐T2 component had a significant effect on MWF estimates, but not on reproducibility.Conclusion:The reproducibility of QT2 measurements using existing methods is moderate and the method can be used in longitudinal studies, with careful consideration of the methodologic variability and an appropriate group size. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010; 32:60–68. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intracranial tumor response to respiratory challenges at 3.0 T: Impact of different methods to quantify changes in the MR relaxation rate R2*
Authors: Müller Andreas , Remmele Stefanie , Wenningmann Ingobert , Clusmann Hans , Träber Frank , Flacke Sebastian , König Roy , Gieseke Jürgen , Willinek Winfried A. , Schild Hans H. , Mürtz Petra 
Published: June 2010

AbstractPurpose:To compare two ΔR2* quantification methods for analyzing the response of intracranial tumors to different breathing gases. The determination of changes in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) relaxation rate R2* (ΔR2*), induced by hyperoxic and hypercapnic respiratory challenges, enables the noninvasive assessment of blood oxygenation changes and vasoreactivity.Materials and Methods:Sixteen patients with various intracranial tumors were examined at 3.0 T. The response to respiratory challenges was registered using a dynamic multigradient‐echo sequence with high temporal and spatial resolution. At each dynamic step, ΔR2* was derived in two different ways: 1) by subtraction of R2* values obtained from monoexponential decay functions, 2) by computing ΔR2* echo‐wise from signal intensity ratios. The sensitivity for detection of responding voxels and the behavior of the “global” response were investigated.Results:Significantly more responding voxels (about 4%) were found for method (1). The “global” response was independent from the chosen quantification method but showed slightly larger changes (about 6%) when ΔR2* was derived from method (1).Conclusion:Similar results were observed for the two methods, with a slightly higher detection sensitivity of responding voxels when ΔR2* was obtained from monoexponential approximation. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;32:17–23. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quantitative analysis in clinical applications of brain MRI using independent component analysis coupled with support vector machine
Authors: Chai Jyh‐Wen , Chi‐Chang Chen Clayton , Chiang Chih‐Ming , Ho Yung‐Jen , Chen Hsian‐Min , Ouyang Yen‐Chieh , Yang Ching‐Wen , Lee San‐Kan , Chang Chein‐I 
Published: June 2010

AbstractPurpose:To effectively perform quantification of brain normal tissues and pathologies simultaneously, independent component analysis (ICA) coupled with support vector machine (SVM) is investigated and evaluated for effective volumetric measurements of normal and lesion tissues using multispectral MR images.Materials and Methods:Synthetic and real MR data of normal brain and white matter lesion (WML) data were used to evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of gray matter (GM), white matter (WM), and WML volume measurements by using the proposed ICA+SVM method to analyze three sets of MR images, T1‐weighted, T2‐weighted, and proton density/fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery images.Results:The Tanimoto indexes of GM/WM classification in the normal synthetic data calculated by the ICA+SVM method were 0.82/0.89 for data with 0% noise level. As for clinical MR data experiments, the ICA+SVM method clearly extracted the normal tissues and white matter hyperintensity lesions from the MR images, with low intra‐ and inter‐operator coefficient of variations.Conclusion:The experiments conducted provide evidence that the ICA+SVM method has shown promise and potential in applications to classification of normal and pathological tissues in brain MRI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;32:24–34. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cartilage morphology at 3.0T: Assessment of three‐dimensional magnetic resonance imaging techniques
Authors: Chen Christina A. , Kijowski Richard , Shapiro Lauren M. , Tuite Michael J. , Davis Kirkland W. , Klaers Jessica L. , Block Walter F. , Reeder Scott B. , Gold Garry E. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractPurpose:To compare six new three‐dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance (MR) methods for evaluating knee cartilage at 3.0T.Materials and Methods:We compared: fast‐spin‐echo cube (FSE‐Cube), vastly undersampled isotropic projection reconstruction balanced steady‐state free precession (VIPR‐bSSFP), iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least‐squares estimation combined with spoiled gradient echo (IDEAL‐SPGR) and gradient echo (IDEAL‐GRASS), multiecho in steady‐state acquisition (MENSA), and coherent oscillatory state acquisition for manipulation of image contrast (COSMIC). Five‐minute sequences were performed twice on 10 healthy volunteers and once on five osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) were measured from the volunteers. Images of the five volunteers and the five OA patients were ranked on tissue contrast, articular surface clarity, reformat quality, and lesion conspicuity. FSE‐Cube and VIPR‐bSSFP were compared to IDEAL‐SPGR for cartilage volume measurements.Results:FSE‐Cube had top rankings for lesion conspicuity, overall SNR, and CNR (P < 0.02). VIPR‐bSSFP had top rankings in tissue contrast and articular surface clarity. VIPR and FSE‐Cube tied for best in reformatting ability. FSE‐Cube and VIPR‐bSSFP compared favorably to IDEAL‐SPGR in accuracy and precision of cartilage volume measurements.Conclusion:FSE‐Cube and VIPR‐bSSFP produce high image quality with accurate volume measurement of knee cartilage. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;32:173–183. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Two‐dimensional MR spectroscopy of minimal hepatic encephalopathy and neuropsychological correlates in vivo
Authors: Singhal Aparna , Nagarajan Rajakumar , Hinkin Charles H. , Kumar Rajesh , Sayre James , Elderkin‐Thompson Virginia , Huda Amir , Gupta Rakesh K. , Han Steven‐Huy , Thomas M. Albert 
Published: June 2010

AbstractPurpose:To evaluate regional cerebral metabolic and structural changes in patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) using two‐dimensional (2D) MR spectroscopy (MRS) and T‐weighted MRI, to correlate the observed MR changes with neuropsychological (NP) test scores, and to compare the diagnostic accuracy of MRI, 2D MRS, and NP tests in discriminating between patients and healthy subjects.Materials and Methods:Thirty‐three MHE patients and 30 healthy controls were investigated. The 2D localized correlated spectroscopy (L‐COSY) was performed in the frontal and occipital brain on a 1.5 Tesla (T) MR scanner. The NP test battery included 15 tests, grouped into 6 cognitive domains. Globus pallidus signal intensities were calculated from T1‐weighted images.Results:The 2D MRS showed significant differences in ratios of the following metabolite(s) peaks with respect to creatine (Cr): decreased myo‐inositol (mI), choline (Ch), mICh, and increased (glutamate plus glutamine) (Glx) in patients compared with healthy subjects in both occipital and frontal lobes. Frontal lobe taurine also showed a decline in patients. The NP test results revealed declines in cognitive speed, motor function, executive function, and global cognitive status. Significant correlations were found between the altered metabolites and NP tests. Alteration in the mICh/Cr ratio was noted as a powerful discriminant between healthy subjects and the patients.Conclusion:The study demonstrates that relative metabolite levels determined by 2D MRS, in particular mICh/Cr, provide the best diagnostic prediction for MHE. The results suggest that depletions of myo‐inositol, choline and taurine with respect to creatine correlate with measures of neuropsychological impairment. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;32:35–43. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.