bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sublingual allergen immunotherapy: mode of action and its relationship with the safety profile
Authors: Calderón M. A. , Simons F. E. R. , Malling H.‐J. , Lockey R. F. , Moingeon P. , Demoly P. 
Published: December 2011

To cite this article: Calderón MA, Simons FER, Malling H‐J, Lockey RF, Moingeon P, Demoly P. Sublingual allergen immunotherapy: mode of action and its relationship with the safety profile. Allergy 2012; 67: 302–311.AbstractAllergen immunotherapy reorients inappropriate immune responses in allergic patients. Sublingual allergen immunotherapy (SLIT) has been approved, notably in the European Union, as an effective alternative to subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy (SCIT) for allergic rhinitis patients. Compared with SCIT, SLIT has a better safety profile. This is possibly because oral antigen‐presenting cells (mostly Langerhans and myeloid dendritic cells) exhibit a tolerogenic phenotype, despite constant exposure to danger signals from food and microbes. This reduces the induction of pro‐inflammatory immune responses leading to systemic allergic reactions. Oral tissues contain relatively few mast cells and eosinophils (mostly located in submucosal areas) and, in comparison with subcutaneous tissue, are less likely to give rise to anaphylactic reactions. SLIT‐associated immune responses include the induction of circulating, allergen‐specific Th1 and regulatory CD4+ T cells, leading to clinical tolerance. Although 40–75% of patients receiving SLIT experience mild, transient local reactions in the oral mucosa, these primary reactions rarely necessitate dose reduction or treatment interruption. We discuss 11 published case reports of anaphylaxis (all nonfatal) diagnosed according to the World Allergy Organization criteria and relate this figure to the approximately 1 billion SLIT doses administered worldwide since 2000. Anaphylaxis risk factors associated with SCIT and/or SLIT should be characterized further.
Results of live donor liver transplantation in patients with hepatitic C virus infection: the HCV 3 trial experience
Authors: Sher Linda , Jennings Linda , Rudich Steven , Alexopoulos Sophoclis P. , Netto George , Teperman Lewis , Kinkhabwala Milan , Brown Robert S. , Pomfret Elizabeth , Klintmalm Goran ,   HCV‐3 Study Group
Published: December 2011

Sher L, Jennings L, Rudich S, Alexopoulos SP, Netto G, Teperman L, Kinkhabwala M, Brown RS Jr, Pomfret E, Klintmalm G; HCV‐3 Study Group. Results of live donor liver transplantation in patients with hepatitic C virus infection: the HCV 3 trial experience.  Clin Transplant 2011 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399‐0012.2011.01561.x.  © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most common disease indication for liver transplantation (LT). Outcomes are compromised by near universal recurrence of HCV. A prospective multi‐center randomized study to evaluate immunosuppressive strategies in HCV+ transplant recipients provided the opportunity to assess impact of live donor (LD) LT. Two hundred and ninety‐five patients undergoing LT for HCV (260 deceased donor [DD] recipients/35 LD recipients), randomized to three regimens, were followed for two yr for patient and graft survival and rate and severity of recurrent HCV. Biopsies were performed at baseline, 3, 12, and 24 months. One‐ and two‐yr patient survival for LD recipients was 88.1% and 81.1% vs. 90.5% and 84.6% for DD recipients (p = 0.5665). One‐ and two‐yr graft survival for LD recipients was 82.9% and 76.2% vs. 87.9% and 81.7% for DD recipients (p = 0.3921). Recurrent HCV did not account for more deaths or graft losses in the LD recipients. In this prospective study, controlled for immunosuppression, use of LD organs did not increase the rate or severity of HCV recurrence. The more elective nature of LDLT affords an opportunity to manipulate donor and recipient factors that can impact upon outcomes.
Institution of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation late after lung transplantation – a futile exercise?
Authors: Marasco Silvana F. , Vale Matthew , Preovolos Arthur , Pellegrino Vince , Lee Geraldine , Snell Greg , Williams Trevor 
Published: December 2011

Marasco SF, Vale M, Preovolos A, Pellegrino V, Lee G, Snell G, Williams T. Institution of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation late after lung transplantation – a futile exercise?  Clin Transplant 2012: 26: E71–E77.  © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  The use of and indications for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are expanding as its reliability improves with widely varying results reported. A retrospective review of 24 lung transplant recipients who required ECMO support postoperatively was performed with 13 patients requiring ECMO within the first 48 h (“early” group) and 11 requiring ECMO after seven d postoperatively (“late” group). The majority of early ECMO group had primary graft failure patients and the late ECMO group comprised patients with infection or non‐specific graft failure. There were significant differences in outcomes between groups, with 10/13 in the early group and 4/11 in the late group successfully weaned from ECMO (p = 0.045). Six of the 13 patients in the early group and none of the late group survived to hospital discharge (p = 0.009). The late ECMO group had a much higher incidence of death owing to complications existing prior to institution of ECMO (essentially uncontrolled infection or organ failure). There were no differences in complications arising during ECMO between groups. Late institution of ECMO in lung transplant recipients for causes other than primary graft failure is associated with such poor survival that its use should be considered only in very select cases.
Does seed germination contribute to ecological breadth and geographic range? A test with sympatric Diplusodon (Lythraceae) species from rupestrian fields
Authors: SILVEIRA FERNANDO AUGUSTO OLIVEIRA , NEGREIROS DANIEL , ARAÚJO LUZIA MÁRCIA , FERNANDES GERALDO WILSON 
Published: December 2011

AbstractWe tested the regeneration niche hypothesis by comparing the germination ecology of two sympatric Diplusodon species differing in their geographic range and microhabitat. Diplusodon orbicularis is an endemic shrub achieving high densities on sandy soils, whereas Diplusodon hirsutus has a wider geographic range and establishes on rocky outcrops. Seeds were set to germinate under constant temperatures of 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C under 12 h light/12 h dark conditions. Light induced germination in both species, but germination under darkness was also observed. Optimum conditions for germination were 25°C/light for both species. The lack of differences in soil temperatures between rocky outcrops and sandy soils provides evidence of no temperature‐dependent microhabitat selection. Unexpectedly, germinability of the more widespread species was lower than that of the endemic congener. Higher germinability of D. orbicularis may account for higher densities when compared with D. hirsutus. Our results provide limited support for the role of germination in contributing to ecological breadth and geographic range.
Bee venom induces apoptosis through intracellular Ca2+‐modulated intrinsic death pathway in human bladder cancer cells
Authors: Ip Siu‐Wan , Chu Yung‐Lin , Yu Chun‐Shu , Chen Po‐Yuan , Ho Heng‐Chien , Yang Jai‐Sing , Huang Hui‐Ying , Chueh Fu‐Shin , Lai Tung‐Yuan , Chung Jing‐Gung 
Published: December 2011

Objectives:  To focus on bee venom‐induced apoptosis in human bladder cancer TSGH‐8301 cells and to investigate its signaling pathway to ascertain whether intracellular calcium iron (Ca2+) is involved in this effect.Methods:  Bee venom‐induced cytotoxic effects, productions of reactive oxygen species and Ca2+ and the level of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) were analyzed by flow cytometry. Apoptosis‐associated proteins were examined by Western blot analysis and confocal laser microscopy.Results:  Bee venom‐induced cell morphological changes and decreased cell viability through the induction of apoptosis in TSGH‐8301 cell were found. Bee venom promoted the protein levels of Bax, caspase‐9, caspase‐3 and endonuclease G. The enhancements of endoplasmic reticulum stress‐related protein levels were shown in bee venom‐provoked apoptosis of TSGH‐8301 cells. Bee venom promoted the activities of caspase‐3, caspase‐8, and caspase‐9, increased Ca2+ release and decreased the level of ΔΨm. Co‐localization of immunofluorescence analysis showed the releases of endonuclease G and apoptosis‐inducing factor trafficking to nuclei for bee venom‐mediated apoptosis. The images revealed evidence of nuclear condensation and formation of apoptotic bodies by 4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole staining and DNA gel electrophoresis showed the DNA fragmentation in TSGH‐8301 cells.Conclusions:  Bee venom treatment induces both caspase‐dependent and caspase‐independent apoptotic death through intracellular Ca2+‐modulated intrinsic death pathway in TSGH‐8301 cells.
Isolation and characterization of a novel biomineral stalk‐forming iron‐oxidizing bacterium from a circumneutral groundwater seep
Authors: Krepski Sean T. , Hanson Thomas E. , Chan Clara S. 
Published: December 2011

SummaryThe Fe‐depositing microorganism Gallionella ferruginea was first described in 1836 based on its association with Fe‐rich environments and its distinctive morphology. Since then, this morphology has been widely used to identify G. ferruginea. Researchers have isolated several Fe‐oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) related to Gallionella; however, few isolates have produced organized extracellular biomineral structures, and of these, only one stalk former has a sequenced 16S rRNA gene, listed as G. ferruginea in the GenBank database. Here we report the isolation and characterization of a novel stalk‐forming Fe‐oxidizing bacterium, strain R‐1, from a freshwater Fe seep. Despite a strong morphological similarity to G. ferruginea, this isolate has only 93.55% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with the previously determined sequence. R‐1 only grows on Fe(II) substrates, at pH 5.6 to 7.0 and from 10°C to 35°C, with a doubling time of ∼15 h at pH 6.3 and 22°C. It is a Betaproteobacterium, most closely related to uncultured bacteria from microaerobic Fe(II)‐rich groundwater springs. The most closely related isolates are Sideroxydans spp. (94.05–94.42% sequence similarity), FeOB that are not known to produce morphologically distinct minerals. To our knowledge, this is the first reported stalk‐forming freshwater FeOB isolate distinct from Gallionella.
Altemeier’s procedure for rectal prolapse: analysis of long‐term outcome in 60 patients
Authors: Ris F. , Colin J.‐F. , Chilcott M. , Remue C. , Jamart J. , Kartheuser A. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAim  Altemeier’s procedure (perineal rectosigmoidectomy) is the operation of choice for rectal prolapse in the elderly. The aims of this prospective observational study were to evaluate its long‐term actuarial recurrence risk and the influence of the length of rectosigmoid resection and associated levatorplasty on recurrence rate and continence.Method  The perioperative and long‐term data for all patients undergoing Altemeier’s procedure since 1992 were analysed with regard to mortality, morbidity, continence, anorectal function and recurrence rate.Results  Sixty patients [median age 77 years (35–98)] underwent rectosigmoid resection [median length of bowel 14 (6–60) cm] with associated levatorplasty in 21 (35%). Overall mortality and morbidity were 1.6 and 11.6%, respectively. Manometry showed increased anal sphincter basal pressure and maximal squeeze pressure. We observed a decrease in postoperative rectal compliance (P = 0.002). Age, gender, prolapse duration before surgery, levatorplasty and length of resection had no statistically significant relationship with recurrence. Continence improved in 62% and was stable over a median follow‐up of 48 (1–186) months. Continence was positively related to a short length of bowel resection, but not to decreased rectal compliance. Actuarial recurrence was 14% at 4 years.Conclusion  The long‐term recurrence rate after the Altemeier procedure was low and not linked to resection length or to levatorplasty. Improvement in continence was stable over time.
Spermatological characters in the diphyllobothriidean Schistocephalus solidus (Cestoda)
Authors: Levron Céline , Yoneva Aneta , Kalbe Martin 
Published: December 2011

AbstractLevron, C., Yoneva, A. and Kalbe, M. 2011. Spermatological characters in the diphyllobothriidean Schistocephalus solidus (Cestoda). —Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 00: 1–8.The spermiogenesis and the mature spermatozoon of Schistocephalus solidus (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea) are described using transmission electron microscopy. Spermiogenesis in S. solidus begins with the formation in the spermatid of a differentiation zone surrounded by cortical microtubules and delimited by arching membranes. This conical area presents two centrioles associated with striated rootlets and a median cytoplasmic extension between them. The centrioles are separated by an intercentriolar body composed of three electron‐dense plates dividing four electron‐lucent plates. The centrioles give rise to two flagella that undergo a rotation and later fuse proximodistally with the median cytoplasmic expansion. The presence of an electron‐dense material in the distal part of the differentiation zone is observed in the early stage of spermiogenesis. This pattern corresponds to Type I spermiogenesis according to the classification proposed by Bâ and Marchand (Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle 1995; 166: 87). The mature spermatozoon of S. solidus presents the Type I pattern defined by Levron et al. (Biological Reviews 2010; 85: 523). It consists of five regions that exhibit two axonemes, parallel cortical microtubules, nucleus and electron‐dense zones. The anterior tip of the spermatozoon possesses only a few singlets. The axonemes are of a 9 + ’1’ trepaxonematan pattern and do not reach the posterior extremity of the mature spermatozoon.
What can be learned about the impact of diabetes on hospital admissions from routinely recorded data?
Authors: Whitston M. , Chung S. , Henderson J. , Young B. 
Published: December 2011

Diabet. Med. 29, 1199‐1205 (2012)AbstractAim  To determine whether inpatients with diabetes have different lengths of stay, day‐case listing rates or emergency readmission rates compared with those without diabetes receiving similar treatment.Method  English 2007–2008 Hospital Episode Statistics were analysed alone and after linkage to the 1.6 million people included in the 2007–2008 English National Diabetes Audit. Length of stay, day‐case listing rates and emergency readmission rates were compared between those with and without diabetes by Health Resource Group chapter. Using univariate and multivariate statistics, the potential influences of age, sex, social deprivation, type and complexity of admission were considered.Results  Of all inpatient spells in Hospital Episode Statistics, 6.2% have diabetes coded at discharge. Substantial under‐recording of diabetes has been identified—a further 3% of inpatient spells involve people with diabetes. Inpatients with recorded diabetes stay in hospital for 100% longer on average, are 50% less likely to be treated as day cases and are almost 100% more likely to be readmitted as an emergency. The adverse impact of diabetes on length of stay was similar to that for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Most of this adverse effect was in patients coded with diabetes in Hospital Episode Statistics. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that diabetes is independently associated with increased length of stay. The effect differed up to threefold between hospitals.Conclusions  Diabetes has an independent adverse effect on key aspects of hospital inpatient stays. If the lowest levels of adverse impact on inpatients with diabetes were more common, substantial cost savings and improved experience of care would be realized.
Validation of a tool to assess medication treatment satisfaction in patients with Type 2 diabetes: the Diabetes Medication System Rating Questionnaire (DMSRQ)
Authors: Peyrot M. , Harshaw Q. , Shillington A. C. , Xu Y. , Rubin R. R. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDiabet. Med. 29, 1060–1066 (2012)Aim  To assess the reliability and validity of the Diabetes Medication System Rating Questionnaire among 537 US adults with Type 2 diabetes using five different diabetes medication regimens (oral agents with and without insulin; insulin only by syringe and by pen; glucagon‐like peptide 1 agents).Methods  The Diabetes Medication System Rating Questionnaire assesses the treatment experience of patients using any diabetes medication system that uses nine measures (Convenience, Negative Events, Interference, Self‐Monitoring of Blood Glucose Burden, Efficacy, Social Burden, Psychological Well‐Being, Treatment Satisfaction, Treatment Preference). It was administered via an initial online survey, along with other validated measures of treatment satisfaction and medication adherence, with a retest administered within 2 weeks. Participants were 52.5% male, 57.4% aged 40–64 years, 83.6% white and 95.2% non‐Hispanic. Most (75.6%) had attended college and 58.3% had been diagnosed with diabetes for more than 10 years.Results  Median inter‐item agreement was 0.86. Median test–retest reliability was also 0.86. All correlations between Diabetes Medication System Rating Questionnaire measures and criterion measures of treatment satisfaction and adherence were statistically significant (P < 0.01) in the expected direction. Correlations between Diabetes Medication System Rating Questionnaire and the corresponding criterion measures of treatment satisfaction ranged from 0.349 to 0.629 (absolute values; interpolated median 0.568); correlations of the same measures with adherence ranged from 0.384 to 0.450 (absolute values; mean 0.411). Diabetes Medication System Rating Questionnaire measures differentiated among groups taking different medications and those using different delivery systems for the same medication.Conclusions  This study suggests that the Diabetes Medication System Rating Questionnaire has good reliability and validity and provides a more comprehensive set of measures than existing medication satisfaction questionnaires.
Gestational diabetes mellitus in Europe: prevalence, current screening practice and barriers to screening. A review
Authors: Buckley B. S. , Harreiter J. , Damm P. , Corcoy R. , Chico A. , Simmons D. , Vellinga A. , Dunne F. ,   on behalf of the DALI Core Investigator Group
Published: December 2011

Diabet. Med. 29, 844–854 (2012)AbstractBackground  Gestational diabetes mellitus is a potentially serious condition that affects many pregnancies and its prevalence is increasing. Evidence suggests early detection and treatment improves outcomes, but this is hampered by continued disagreement and inconsistency regarding many aspects of its diagnosis.Methods  The Vitamin D and Lifestyle Intervention for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prevention (DALI) research programme aims to promote pan‐European standards in the detection and diagnosis of gestational diabetes and to develop effective preventive interventions. To provide an overview of the context within which the programme will be conducted and its findings interpreted, systematic searching and narrative synthesis have been used to identify and review the best available European evidence relating to the prevalence of gestational diabetes, current screening practices and barriers to screening.Results  Prevalence is most often reported as 2–6% of pregnancies. Prevalence may be lower towards the Northern Atlantic seaboard of Europe and higher in the Southern Mediterranean seaboard. Screening practice and policy is inconsistent across Europe, hampered by lack of consensus on testing methods, diagnostic glycaemic thresholds and the value of routine screening. Poor clinician awareness of gestational diabetes, its diagnosis and local clinical guidelines further undermine detection of gestational diabetes.Conclusions  Europe‐wide agreement on screening approaches and diagnostic standards for gestational diabetes could lead to better detection and treatment, improved outcomes for women and children and a strengthened evidence base. There is an urgent need for well‐designed research that can inform decisions on best practice in gestational diabetes mellitus screening and diagnosis.
The effect of rising vs. falling glucose level on amperometric glucose sensor lag and accuracy in Type 1 diabetes
Authors: Ward W. K. , Engle J. M. , Branigan D. , El Youssef J. , Massoud R. G. , Castle J. R. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDiabet. Med. 29, 1067–1073 (2012)Background  Because declining glucose levels should be detected quickly in persons with Type 1 diabetes, a lag between blood glucose and subcutaneous sensor glucose can be problematic. It is unclear whether the magnitude of sensor lag is lower during falling glucose than during rising glucose.Methods  Initially, we analysed 95 data segments during which glucose changed and during which very frequent reference blood glucose monitoring was performed. However, to minimize confounding effects of noise and calibration error, we excluded data segments in which there was substantial sensor error. After these exclusions, and combination of data from duplicate sensors, there were 72 analysable data segments (36 for rising glucose, 36 for falling). We measured lag in two ways: (1) the time delay at the vertical mid‐point of the glucose change (regression delay); and (2) determination of the optimal time shift required to minimize the difference between glucose sensor signals and blood glucose values drawn concurrently.Results  Using the regression delay method, the mean sensor lag for rising vs. falling glucose segments was 8.9 min (95% CI 6.1–11.6) vs. 1.5 min (95% CI –2.6 to 5.5, P < 0.005). Using the time shift optimization method, results were similar, with a lag that was higher for rising than for falling segments [8.3 (95% CI 5.8–10.7) vs. 1.5 min (95% CI –2.2 to 5.2), P < 0.001]. Commensurate with the lag results, sensor accuracy was greater during falling than during rising glucose segments.Conclusions  In Type 1 diabetes, when noise and calibration error are minimized to reduce effects that confound delay measurement, subcutaneous glucose sensors demonstrate a shorter lag duration and greater accuracy when glucose is falling than when rising.