bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laboratory and Field Evaluation of Cement-Treated Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Blends as Roadway Base Material
Authors: Nazarian Soheil , Yuan Deren , Hoyos Laureano , Puppala Anand 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and granular base materials were collected throughout Texas to evaluate the properties of RAP and RAP blended with virgin or salvage aggregates for roadway base course application. Mixes containing RAP of 100 %, 75 %, and 50 % and treated with Portland cement of different dosages were utilized in a comprehensive laboratory testing program. The factors that affect the properties of cement-treated RAP mixes are identified and a mix design model based on typical RAP and granular base materials in Texas was proposed. The design model was verified by the data from the initial field trial on actual construction projects. The feasibility of using a modulus-based procedure for quality assurance/quality control during construction is discussed.
Diversity of Long Terminal Repeat Retrotransposon Genome Distribution in Natural Populations of the Wild Diploid WheatAegilops speltoides
Authors: Hosid Elena , Brodsky Leonid , Kalendar Ruslan , Raskina Olga , Belyayev Alexander 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe environment can have a decisive influence on the structure of the genome, changing it in a certain direction. Therefore, the genomic distribution of environmentally sensitive transposable elements may vary measurably across a species area. In the present research, we aimed to detect and evaluate the level of LTR retrotransposon intraspecific variability in Aegilops speltoides (2n = 2x = 14), a wild cross-pollinated relative of cultivated wheat. The interretrotransposon amplified polymorphism (IRAP) protocol was applied to detect and evaluate the level of retrotransposon intraspecific variability in Ae. speltoides and closely related species. IRAP analysis revealed significant diversity in TE distribution. Various genotypes from the 13 explored populations significantly differ with respect to the patterns of the four explored LTR retrotransposons (WIS2, Wilma, Daniela, and Fatima). This diversity points to a constant ongoing process of LTR retrotransposon fraction restructuring in populations of Ae. speltoides throughout the species’ range and within single populations in time. Maximum changes were recorded in genotypes from small stressed populations. Principal component analysis showed that the dynamics of the Fatima element significantly differ from those of WIS2, Wilma, and Daniela. In terms of relationships between Sitopsis species, IRAP analysis revealed a grouping with Ae. sharonensis and Ae. longissima forming a separate unit, Ae. speltoides appearing as a dispersed group, and Ae. bicornis being in an intermediate position. IRAP display data revealed dynamic changes in LTR retrotransposon fractions in the genome of Ae. speltoides. The process is permanent and population specific, ultimately leading to the separation of small stressed populations from the main group.
Estimation of Quantitative Trait Locus Effects with Epistasis by Variational Bayes Algorithms
Authors: Li Zitong , Sillanpää Mikko J 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
Bayesian hierarchical shrinkage methods have been widely used for quantitative trait locus mapping. From the computational perspective, the application of the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method is not optimal for high-dimensional problems such as the ones arising in epistatic analysis. Maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation can be a faster alternative, but it usually produces only point estimates without providing any measures of uncertainty (i.e., interval estimates). The variational Bayes method, stemming from the mean field theory in theoretical physics, is regarded as a compromise between MAP and MCMC estimation, which can be efficiently computed and produces the uncertainty measures of the estimates. Furthermore, variational Bayes methods can be regarded as the extension of traditional expectation-maximization (EM) algorithms and can be applied to a broader class of Bayesian models. Thus, the use of variational Bayes algorithms based on three hierarchical shrinkage models including Bayesian adaptive shrinkage, Bayesian LASSO, and extended Bayesian LASSO is proposed here. These methods performed generally well and were found to be highly competitive with their MCMC counterparts in our example analyses. The use of posterior credible intervals and permutation tests are considered for decision making between quantitative trait loci (QTL) and non-QTL. The performance of the presented models is also compared with R/qtlbim and R/BhGLM packages, using a previously studied simulated public epistatic data set.
Providing a Primary Care Medical Home for Children and Youth With Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Liptak Gregory S. , Murphy Nancy A. ,   the Council on Children With Disabilities
Published: November 2011

This Clinical Report was reaffirmed November 2014 and August 2018.
All primary care providers will care for children with cerebral palsy in their practice. In addition to well-child and acute illness care, the role of the medical home in the management of these children includes diagnosis, planning for interventions, authorizing treatments, and follow-up. Optimizing health and well-being for children with cerebral palsy and their families entails family-centered care provided in the medical home; comanagement is the most common model. This report reviews the aspects of care specific to cerebral palsy that a medical home should provide beyond the routine health care needed by all children.
Factors Related to Quality of Life and Satisfaction with Nasal Appearance in Patients Treated for Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Mani Maria , Reiser Erika , Andlin-Sobocki Anna , Skoog Valdemer , Holmström Mats 
Published: October 2011

Objective To identify factors related to quality of life (QoL) and satisfaction with nasal appearance among patients treated for unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). Design Cross-sectional population study with long-term follow-up. Patients/Settings All patients with UCLP born between 1960 and 1987, treated at Uppsala University Hospital, were invited (n = 109); 86 (79%) participated. Mean follow-up time was 35 years. Main Outcome Measures Quality of life was measured with Short Form–36 (SF-36) and analyzed using mental and physical cluster scores (MCS and PCS). Nasal appearance was self-assessed with the “Satisfaction With Appearance” questionnaire and by panel judgment. Multivariate regression analyses explored endogenous factors (age, gender, infancy cleft width, nasal function, nasolabial appearance) and exogenous factors (marital status, number of children, education level, operation method, number of rhinoplasties performed). Results A larger cleft width in infancy was associated with less satisfaction with nasal appearance as adults. A lower mental health QoL was associated with less satisfaction with nasal appearance. Despite female gender being linked to less satisfaction with nasal appearance, it was associated with higher mental health QoL. Higher resistance during nasal breathing was associated with lower physical health QoL. Conclusions Gender and infant cleft width may affect QoL and satisfaction with nasal appearance among adults. They are potential predictive factors for satisfaction with nasal appearance and QoL during adulthood. The correlation of nasal function impairment and decreased physical health QoL underlines the importance of treatment of nasal symptoms in these patients.
A Unique Case of Tessier 30 and Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: A New Clinical Syndrome?
Authors: Adetayo Oluwaseun A. , Martin Mark C. 
Published: October 2011

Background Tessier 30 cleft is rare and sparsely reported in the literature. A unique case of an infant with a Tessier 30 cleft, bilateral cleft lip and palate, and other anomalies is presented. In addition to craniofacial anomalies, he had cardiac, gastrointestinal, and genitourinal defects. The constellation of these findings suggests the possibility of a new clinical syndrome. We present these findings and postoperative results following surgical treatment. Patient and Methods A 37-week gestational male infant with multiple congenital anomalies is presented. Findings on clinical exam were notable for Tessier 30 median mandibular cleft, bilateral cleft of the lip and palate, and bifid tongue. Further workup revealed levocardia, perimembranous moderate-to-large ventricular septal defect, patent foramen ovale, double outlet right ventricle, intestinal malrotation, and bilateral undescended testicles. There were no extremity anomalies, and cytogenetic studies for 22q deletion were negative. Results The preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative findings and images are discussed. Conclusion We present a unique case of a child with a Tessier 30 cleft associated with bilateral cleft lip and palate in the absence of intraoral masses or limb anomalies. Previous reports of median facial clefts have occurred either in the presence of intraoral hamartomas, suggesting the palatal defects are a result of sequence abnormalities, or in association with extremity findings consistent with the spectrum of orofaciodigital syndrome. The case we present is distinct and may represent a new clinical syndrome.
Hot Flashes: A Review of Pathophysiology and Treatment Modalities
Authors: Morrow Phuong Khanh H. , Mattair Danielle N. , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
Many therapies are being studied for the treatment of hot flashes for individuals with cancer, yet few studies have demonstrated safe and effective clinical benefit for those who suffer from this distressing symptom. The purpose of this paper is to assess the current options for the management of hot flashes, examining key endpoints from recent clinical trials and reviewing future directions. Hot flashes are a common stressful symptom for individuals with cancer, particularly women with a history of breast cancer and men with prostate cancer. Lifestyle modifications are proposed as the first step in the management of less severe hot flashes. Several publications have addressed nonhormonal agents as a treatment option for hot flashes. Newer antidepressant and anticonvulsant agents have been studied and show potential in treating vasomotor symptoms. Although many complementary and alternative therapies, including herbal medications and phytoestrogens, have been studied for the treatment of hot flashes, none are clinically recommended at this time. Additionally, further evidence is needed for supportive exercise such as yoga and relaxation techniques. Acupuncture may warrant further investigation in the reduction and severity of hot flashes in both men and women. Hormonal therapies, including estrogens and progestogens, are the most well-known and efficient agents in alleviating hot flashes; however, the safety of these agents is disputable.
Second Malignancies Among Elderly Survivors of Cancer
Authors: VanderWalde Ari M. , Hurria Arti 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
The U.S. population is aging, life expectancy is increasing, and cancer is a disease associated with aging. Advances in screening and therapeutics have led to a growing number of cancer survivors who are at risk for the development of secondary malignancies. Although the risks for the development of second malignancies following a first diagnosis of cancer are well described for survivors of childhood malignancies, there are fewer data for malignancies common in older adults. With the aging of the U.S. population, and with improving survival statistics in many adult malignancies, there is an increasing need to identify those second malignancies that might develop in the older adult survivor of cancer. In this paper, we describe the types and rates of second malignancies following cancers commonly seen in older adults and review the literature on these malignancies. Comparisons are made between older and younger adults with regard to the risks for developing treatment-related cancers with different modalities. Recommendations for early detection of second malignancies are summarized, though there remains an unmet need for evidence-based guidelines for screening for second malignancies in the older adult in particular.
A Case of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Presenting as Localized Severe Periodontitis in the Maxillary Gingiva
Authors: Kim Ok‐Su , Uhm So‐Won , Kim Sang‐Chul , Lee Bo‐Ah , Kim Ok‐Joon , Kim Young‐Joon , Chung Hyun‐Ju 
Published: November 2011

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity. The clinical features of gingival SCC include alveolar bone loss and erythematous lesion. Therefore, gingival SCC sometimes presents as advanced periodontitis. This case report describes a patient diagnosed with gingival SCC after the extraction of molars presenting as being affected by localized severe periodontitis.Methods: The patient was a 61‐year‐old man whose chief complaint was pain in the left maxillary area. Clinical and radiographic examinations revealed common findings of a periodontal abscess on the left maxillary first and second molars. These teeth were extracted based on a diagnosis of a periodontal abscess. Three months later, a rapidly growing exophytic soft tissue mass was observed, and a biopsy of the mass was performed.Results: According to the biopsy, the final diagnosis was a well‐differentiated SCC. The patient was treated with a partial maxillectomy of the left maxilla and split‐thickness skin graft. Two years after treatment, the patient remained free of recurrence.Conclusions: Gingival SCC is quite different from other forms of SCC, mimicking localized periodontal disease. Therefore, it can be misdiagnosed as localized periodontal disease and is generally discovered after extracting teeth. Therefore, clinicians must diagnose these lesions carefully and follow up with the patient after tooth extraction.
Acid Diversion using Viscoelastic Surfactants: The Effects of Flow Rate and Initial Permeability Contrast
Authors: Al-Ghamdi Abdulwahab H. , Hill A. D. , Nasr-El-Din Hisham A. , Mahmoud Mohamed A. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
The purpose of matrix stimulation in carbonate reservoirs is to bypass damaged areas and increase the effective wellbore area. This can be achieved by creating highly conductive flow channels known as wormholes. A further injection of acid will follow a wormhole path where the permeability has increased significantly, leaving substantial intervals untreated. This problem can be more significant as the contrast in permeability increases within the target zones. Diverting materials, such as surfactant based-acids, plays an important role in mitigating this problem.
Acid injection rate was found to be a critical parameter to maximize the efficiency of using surfactant-based acids as a diverting chemical in addition to creating wormholes. We found that the maximum apparent viscosity, which developed during viscoelastic surfactant acid injection, occurred over a narrow window of acid injection rates. Higher injection rates were not effective in enhancing the acidizing process, and the use of diverting material became similar to that of regular acids. The use of surfactant-based acid was also found to be constrained by the scale of the initial permeability ratio. For permeability ratios greater than about 10, diversion was insufficient.
The results were obtained by conducting a large set of acidizing experiments using 20" long cores. Both single and parallel coreflood experiments were performed in this study. Carbonate cores were used with initial permeability of 4 md to 150 md, and the flow rate was varied from 1.5 cm3/min to 50 cm3/min. The initial ratio of permeabilities between the two cores ranged from 2 to 15. To characterize the wormholes, computerized tomography was used to generate a 3D view of the wormholes in each core.
Use of the Near-Balance Drilling Technology Enables an Operator to Drill Successfully the Deepest Exploratory Well in Pakistan: Case History
Authors: Crea Francesco , Mehmood Asad , Moyse Keith , saber Sherif , Torres Fabian , Arnone Maurizio 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
The correct selection and application of the innovative near balance drilling (e-nbd) technology combining the automatic surface backpressure control of Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) with continuous fluid circulation method (e-cd) has demonstrated a key impact during the first application in country.
In 1998 an operator company drilled a well targeted to the Lower Cretaceous Goru and Sembar Sands as a primary objectives but it encountered a high pressured sequence (continuous increase in the background gas/formation pressure) and was not possible to continue drilling because of well construction limitations (at 3500m MD all available casing strings were consumed and in 6" hole was not possible to manage the coexistence of high background gas and losses). The objective formations in this field were considered not reachable with conventional drilling practices and even with technologies available at that time. Eleven years after this first attempt, another operator decided to target the Lower Goru (3500m MD) and Chiltan Formations (4900m MD), never explored in the Kirthar Fold Belt using the near balance drilling technique (e-nbd) technology combining the automatic control of surface backpressure of managed pressure drilling (MPD) together with the proprietary technology of the continuous circulating valves (e-cd) achieving to drill through the intervals in the Lower Goru formation, pushing the technical limit of drilling to the deeper horizon of the carbonates sequence of the Chiltan formation by first time ever.
Throughout the targeted two last hole sections for the MPD technology, Constant Annular Pressure technique was successfully applied drilling 45% more hole length than the previous reference well reaching the planned target with a bigger hole size than the offset, by precisely monitoring micro influxes and pressure losses in the annulus. The returns from annulus were taken through the MPD full automatic system in order to control the ECD and the flow from the well flow once drilling into expected high pressure gas formations.
Gauge Extension Optimizes Conventional Drill Bits for Superior Performance with Rotary Steerable Systems
Authors: Stroud Daryl , Lines Liam , Barton Steve , Sanchez Hector 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Bit gauge length has been a hot topic for several years, particularly when assessing optimal length for rotary steerable systems (RSS). Discussion has not just been about the length; aspects such as geometry, tapering, width, cutting elements, have all complicated the matter further, as well as the fact that different RSS tools require different configurations for optimal balance between steerability, stability, durability, and drillability.
This paper describes a joint engineering approach in identifying gauge configurations for the latest generation of RSS that utilizes point-the-bit technology. The project included systematic testing at a purpose-built, full-size drilling test facility. This has enabled a direct comparison of the directional response, hole quality and drill string vibration to be made for the various gauge configurations tested.
The testing included use of a novel gauge extension stabilizer. This unique stabilizer provides a method of extending the gauge length of the bit on the rig floor, giving a wider variety of bit selection choices for specific applications. The gauge geometry of the stabilizer provides a 360 ° continuous circumferential contact with the borehole, thus providing improved borehole quality and reducing vibration.
Field trials proved that the addition of a gauge extender to a short gauge bit can dramatically improve hole quality when used with point-the-bit RSS. The closer gauge hole significantly reduced the severity of downhole vibration and backward whirl. Concerns over lack of steerability, in conjunction with high levels of stick slip and torque, proved unfounded.
This study proves that a short gauge, short length bit, when combined with a gauge extender, can be a suitable replacement for a long gauge bit; affording the improved lateral stability required by the RSS whilst allowing operators the freedom to select a widely available short gauge bit with the correct cutting structure.
Novel Approach of Gas Lift Valve Change out Which Eliminating Production Deferment for Multiple Oil Producer String
Authors: Ooi Zhon Wei , M Shahrizal B Hashim 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Gas lifting is the most selected method for production enhancement purpose in Peninsular Malaysia Operations due to huge amount of gas source is available for utilization. However, production deferment due to gas lift valve change out (GLVC) is difficult to be eliminated especially for multiple oil producer wells due to the requirement to bleed off production casing pressure during the job.
Due to that constraint, further analysis was carried out to eliminate production deferment during GLVC and at the same time ensuring the planned job can be done without any safety issues. Two main parameters were deeply considered during job execution namely the pressure management and wellbore fluid volume calculation.
In the early analysis process, spreadsheet mathematical model was developed to reflect the requirement for continuous pressure monitoring during the job execution. Then, other associated factor such as hardware requirements, e.g. pumping unit, pumping tee and other accessories are captured into consideration. The success execution of this project is expected to eliminate any unnecessary production deferment during GLVC.
This paper will explain detail analysis of GLVC job without having to bleed off the casing pressure and spreadsheet model developed for easy continuous pressure calculation during the job execution.
Reserves Follow-up Using an Integrated Deterministic-Probabilistic Approach
Authors: Araujo Hugo , Rattia Aquiles 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Currently, the deterministic methods for reserves estimation are the preferred method for both, companies and the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission SEC. Last year, the SEC published the modernization rules for reporting oil and gas reserves where both, the deterministic and probabilistic methods, were accepted as valid methods for reserves estimation. In addition to the compulsory reporting of the oil and gas proved reserves, the probable and possible reserves were recognized to be disclosed in SEC filings for the first time, although it is optional for these two categories. In this paper the integrated deterministic-probabilistic approach is briefly reviewed, the cumulative probabilistic lognormal plots are used instead of a full Monte_Carlo simulation, and a procedure is proposed using these plots to follow up the reserves evolution in time. Plotting the deterministic reserves using probabilistic scale often reveals deviations with regards to the expected lognormal cumulative probability distribution behaviour, shown by real case examples. The corrections to obtain a better fit for the probabilistic distribution suggest to either changing the probable or the possible reserves or both. Furthermore, the slope of the probabilistic plots appears to be related to the uncertainty level of the probable and possible reserves. This property was used to follow up the reserves behaviour in time, finding consistency with the idea that as the fields are developed the level of uncertainty should be progressively reduced. Examples of the reserves follow up are also presented. The contribution of this paper is oriented to a practical use of an integrated deterministic-probabilistic approach as a complementary tool for reserves estimation for consistency with the probabilistic behaviour. The follow-up procedure of the reserves resulted to be quick and simple but powerful as indicator of the reserves evolution.