bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Universal Synaptic Plasticity of Interface‐Based Second‐Order Memristors
Authors: Khanas Anton , Hebert Christian , Hrabovsky David , Becerra Loïc , Jedrecy Nathalie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSecond‐order memristors with their internal short‐term dynamics display behavioral similarities with biological neurons and constitute an ideal basis unit for hardware neuromorphic networks, aims at treating spatio‐temporal tasks. Here, La0.7Sr0.3MnO3/BaTiO3/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 second‐order memristive devices are investigated whose resistances and temperature dependencies range, on the same chip, from semiconductor to metal, but exhibit a universal neuromorphic plasticity. All devices may be described using a compact phenomenological model of current conduction, showing that resistive switching originates from interfaces, through charge trapping. Remarkably, the processes of short‐term memory gain/loss and long‐term consolidation/forgetting are the same whatever the device type. Only the synaptic transmission weights and the excitation/relaxation times with respect to stimuli differ, as it occurs for synapses/neurons in the brain. The weights may be tuned by the sole use of the frequency of stimuli (the activity rate), their evolution being dependent on previous activities (the history). Metal and semiconductor devices display the same in‐operando dynamics of potentiation or of depression, the transition from one regime to another being history‐dependent. The threshold frequencies are slightly lower in semiconducting devices. This work contributes to better understanding of memristive switching and plasticity and is relevant for the development of brain‐mimetic neural networks with new programming paradigms.
Ti3C2Tx Electromagnetic Shielding Performance: Investigating Environmental Influences and Structural Changes
Authors: Barjola Arturo , Herráiz Roberto , Amaro Andrea , Torres José , Suárez Adrián , Giménez Enrique 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMXenes, a promising family of 2D transition metal carbides/nitrides, are renowned for their exceptional electronic conductivity and mechanical stability, establishing them as highly desirable candidates for advanced electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding material. Despite these advantages, challenges persist in optimizing MXene synthesis methods and improving their oxidation resistance. Surface defects on MXenes significantly impact their electronic properties, impeding charge transport and catalyzing the oxidation process. In this study, a novel synthesis protocol derived from the conventional, minimally invasive layer delamination (MILD) method, is presented. Two additional steps are introduced aiming at enhancing process yield, addressing a crucial issue as conventional methods often yield high‐quality individual MXene flakes but struggle to generate sufficient quantities for bulk material production. This approach successfully yields Ti3C2Tx films with excellent conductivity (3973.72 ±121.31 Scm−1) and an average EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 56.09 ± 1.60 dB within the 1.5 to 10 GHz frequency range at 35% relative humidity (RH). Furthermore, this investigation delves into the long‐term oxidation stability of these films under varying RH conditions. These findings underscore the effectiveness of this innovative synthesis approach in elevating both the conductivity and EMI shielding capabilities of MXene materials. This advancement represents a significant step toward harnessing MXenes for practical applications requiring robust EMI shielding solutions. Additionally, insights into long‐term stability offer critical considerations for implementing MXenes in real‐world environments.
Deciphering Advanced Sensors for Life and Safety Monitoring of Lithium Batteries
Authors: Wang Weihan , Zhang Yanyun , Xie Bin , Huang Lang , Dong Shanmu , Xu Gaojie , Cui Guanglei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe rapid commercialization of lithium batteries greatly promotes the development of the electric vehicles, renewable energy storage systems and consumer electronics. The service lifetime and safety of lithium batteries are extremely concerned by terminal customers. Sensor technology is powerful in monitoring the physical and chemical signals of lithium batteries, serving for the state of health and safety warning/evaluation of lithium batteries and guide for future development of battery materials. In this review, the primary concern is the generation mechanisms of different physicochemical signals in lithium batteries. Then, the sensing methods and sensing designs according to different physicochemical signals of lithium batteries is summarized. Finally, some perspectives are provided to guide further development of sensing technology for lithium batteries. This review will greatly accelerate the terminal application of advanced sensors, whether in commercial products or scientific research.
High‐Performance All‐Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by Ionic Covalent Organic Framework Composites
Authors: Huang Jun , Cheng Lei , Zhang Zhenyang , Li Chen , Bang Ki‐Taek , Liem Albert , Luo Hang , Hu Chuan , Lee Young Moo , Lu Yingying , Wang Yanming , Kim Yoonseob 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIonic covalent organic frameworks (iCOFs) are crystalline materials with stable porous structures. They hold great potential for ion transport, particularly as solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) for all‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs). However, achieving an ionic conductivity of over 10−3 S cm−1 at room temperature using pure‐iCOF‐based SSEs, even adding additives such as lithium salts, is challenging as the voids work as strong resistances. Thus, highly conductive iCOFs typically require quasi‐solid‐state configurations with organic solvents or plasticizers. In this study, composites comprising iCOFs and poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) are prepared to make all‐solid‐state iCOFs electrolytes with an exceptional ionic conductivity up to 1.50 × 10−3 S cm−1 and a high Li+ transference number of > 0.80 at room temperature. Combined experimental and computational studies show that the co‐coordination and competitive coordination mechanism established between the PIL, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI), and iCOFs enabled rapid Li+ transport while restricting TFSI− movement. ASSLMB cells, made of composite SSEs and LiFePO4 composite cathode, demonstrate an initial discharge capacity of 141.5 mAh g−1 at 1C and r.t., with an impressive capacity retention of 87% up to 800 cycles. Overall, this work presents a breakthrough approach for developing advanced SSEs for next‐generation high‐energy‐density ASSLMBs.
Echocardiographic measures of the left heart and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease pathology in cognitively intact adults: The CABLE study
Authors: Hu He‐Ying , Hu Hao , Jiang Jing , Bi Yan‐Lin , Sun Yan , Ou Ya‐Nan , Tan Lan , Yu Jin‐Tai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThis study delineated the interrelationships between subclinical alterations in the left heart, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers, and cognition.METHODSMultiple linear regressions were conducted in 1244 cognitively normal participants (mean age = 65.5; 43% female) who underwent echocardiography (left atrial [LA] and left ventricular [LV] morphologic or functional parameters) and CSF AD biomarkers measurements. Mediating effects of AD pathologies were examined. Differences in cardiac parameters across ATN categories were tested using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and logistic regressions.RESULTSLA or LV enlargement (characterized by increased diameters and volumes) and LV hypertrophy (increased interventricular septal or posterior wall thickness and ventricular mass) were associated with higher CSF phosphorylated (p)‐tau and total (t)‐tau levels, and poorer cognition. Tau pathologies mediated the heart‐cognition relationships. Cardiac parameters were higher in stage 2 and suspected non‐Alzheimer's pathology groups than controls.DISCUSSIONThese findings suggested close associations of subclinical cardiac changes with tau pathologies and cognition.Highlights
Various subclinical alterations in the left heart related to poorer cognition.
Subclinical cardiac changes related to tau pathologies in cognitively normal adults.
Tau pathologies mediated the heart‐cognition relationships.
Subclinical cardiac changes related to the AD continuum, especially to stage 2.
The accumulation of cardiac alterations magnified their damage to the brain.
Lifestyle and incident dementia: A COSMIC individual participant data meta‐analysis
Authors: Van Asbroeck Stephanie , Köhler Sebastian , van Boxtel Martin P. J. , Lipnicki Darren M. , Crawford John D. , Castro‐Costa Erico , Lima‐Costa Maria Fernanda , Blay Sergio Luis , Shifu Xiao , Wang Tao , Yue Ling , Lipton Richard B. , Katz Mindy J. , Derby Carol A. , Guerchet Maëlenn , Preux Pierre‐Marie , Mbelesso Pascal , Norton Joanna , Ritchie Karen , Skoog Ingmar , Najar Jenna , Sterner Therese Rydberg , Scarmeas Nikolaos , Yannakoulia Mary , Dardiotis Themis , Rolandi Elena , Davin Annalisa , Rossi Michele , Gureje Oye , Ojagbemi Akin , Bello Toyin , Kim Ki Woong , Han Ji Won , Oh Dae Jong , Trompet Stella , Gussekloo Jacobijn , Riedel‐Heller Steffi G. , Röhr Susanne , Pabst Alexander , Shahar Suzana , Rivan Nurul Fatin Malek , Singh Devinder Kaur Ajit , Jacobsen Erin , Ganguli Mary , Hughes Tiffany , Haan Mary , Aiello Allison E. , Ding Ding , Zhao Qianhua , Xiao Zhenxu , Narazaki Kenji , Chen Tao , Chen Sanmei , Ng Tze Pin , Gwee Xinyi , Gao Qi , Brodaty Henry , Trollor Julian , Kochan Nicole , Lobo Antonio , Santabárbara Javier , Gracia‐Garcia Patricia , Sachdev Perminder S. , Deckers Kay ,   for Cohort Studies of Memory in an International Consortium (COSMIC)
Published: April 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe LIfestyle for BRAin Health (LIBRA) index yields a dementia risk score based on modifiable lifestyle factors and is validated in Western samples. We investigated whether the association between LIBRA scores and incident dementia is moderated by geographical location or sociodemographic characteristics.METHODSWe combined data from 21 prospective cohorts across six continents (N = 31,680) and conducted cohort‐specific Cox proportional hazard regression analyses in a two‐step individual participant data meta‐analysis.RESULTSA one‐standard‐deviation increase in LIBRA score was associated with a 21% higher risk for dementia. The association was stronger for Asian cohorts compared to European cohorts, and for individuals aged ≤75 years (vs older), though only within the first 5 years of follow‐up. No interactions with sex, education, or socioeconomic position were observed.DISCUSSIONModifiable risk and protective factors appear relevant for dementia risk reduction across diverse geographical and sociodemographic groups.Highlights
A two‐step individual participant data meta‐analysis was conducted.
This was done at a global scale using data from 21 ethno‐regionally diverse cohorts.
The association between a modifiable dementia risk score and dementia was examined.
The association was modified by geographical region and age at baseline.
Yet, modifiable dementia risk and protective factors appear relevant in all investigated groups and regions.
Thermal‐Driven Dispersion of Bismuth Nanoparticles among Carbon Matrix for Efficient Carbon Dioxide Reduction
Authors: Guo Weijian , Cao Xueying , Tan Dongxing , Wulan Bari , Ma Jizhen , Zhang Jintao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe poor electrocatalytic stability and rapid deactivation of metal electrocatalysts are always present in the electrocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) due to the harsh reduction condition. Herein, we demonstrate the controllable dispersion of ultrafine bismuth nanoparticles among the hollow carbon shell (Bi@C‐700‐4) simply by a thermal‐driven diffusion process. The confinement effect of nitrogen‐doped carbon matrix is able to low the surface energy of bismuth nanoparticles against the easy aggregation commonly observed for the thermal treatment. On the basis of the synergistic effect and confinement effect between bismuth nanoparticles and carbon matrix, the highly dispersed active sites render the obviously improved electrocatalytic activity and stability for CO2 reduction into formate. The in situ experimental observations on the reduction process and theoretical calculations reveal that the incorporation of bismuth nanoparticles with nitrogen‐doped carbon matrix would promote the activation of CO2 and the easy formation of key intermediate (*OCHO), thus leading the enhanced electrocatalytic activity, with a Faradaic Efficiency (FE) of formate about 94.8 % and the long‐time stability. Furthermore, the coupling of an anode for 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural oxidation reaction (HMFOR) in solar‐driven system renders the high 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) yield of 81.2 %, presenting the impressive solar‐to‐fuel conversion.
Guiding Transient Peptide Assemblies with Structural Elements Embedded in Abiotic Phosphate Fuels
Authors: Pol Mahesh D. , Dai Kun , Thomann Ralf , Moser Sandra , Kanti Roy Subhra , Pappas Charalampos G. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDespite great progress in the construction of non‐equilibrium systems, most approaches do not consider the structure of the fuel as a critical element to control the processes. Herein, we show that the amino acid side chains (A, F, Nal) in the structure of abiotic phosphates can direct assembly and reactivity during transient structure formation. The fuels bind covalently to substrates and subsequently influence the structures in the assembly process. We focus on the ways in which the phosphate esters guide structure formation and how structures and reactivity cross regulate when constructing assemblies. Through the chemical functionalization of energy‐rich aminoacyl phosphate esters, we are able to control the yield of esters and thioesters upon adding dipeptides containing tyrosine or cysteine residues. The structural elements around the phosphate esters guide the lifetime of the structures formed and their supramolecular assemblies. These properties can be further influenced by the peptide sequence of substrates, incorporating anionic, aliphatic and aromatic residues. Furthermore, we illustrate that oligomerization of esters can be initiated from a single aminoacyl phosphate ester incorporating a tyrosine residue (Y). These findings suggest that activated amino acids with varying reactivity and energy contents can pave the way for designing and fabricating structured fuels.
Ultra‐Low‐Potential Methanol Oxidation on Single‐Ir‐Atom Catalyst
Authors: Gong Liyuan , Zhu Xiaorong , Nga Ta Thi Thuy , Liu Qie , Wu Yujie , Yang Pupu , Zhou Yangyang , Xiao Zhaohui , Dong Chung‐Li , Fu Xianzhu , Tao Li , Wang Shuangyin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMethanol oxidation plays a central role to implement sustainable energy economy, which is restricted by the sluggish reaction kinetics due to the multi‐electron transfer process accompanied by numerous sequential intermediate. In this study, an efficient cascade methanol oxidation reaction is catalyzed by single‐Ir‐atom catalyst at ultra‐low potential (<0.1 V) with the promotion of the thermal and electrochemical integration in a high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzer. At the elevated temperature, the electron deficient Ir site with higher methanol affinity could spontaneous catalyze the CH3OH dehydrogenation to CO under the voltage, then the generated CO and H2 was electrochemically oxidized to CO2 and proton. However, the methanol cannot thermally decompose with the voltage absence, which confirm the indispensable of the coupling of thermal and electrochemical integration for the methanol oxidation. By assembling the methanol oxidation reaction with hydrogen evolution reaction with single‐Ir‐atom catalysts in the anode chamber, a max hydrogen production rate reaches 18 mol gIr−1 h−1, which is much greater than that of Ir nanoparticles and commercial Pt/C. This study also demonstrated the electrochemical methanol oxidation activity of the single atom catalysts, which broadens the renewable energy devices and the catalyst design by an integration concept.
Synthesis of amide derivatives containing the imidazole moiety and evaluation of their anti‐cardiac fibrosis activity
Authors: Yang Yu‐Xuan , Guo Jia , Liu Chuang , Nan Ji‐Xing , Wu Yan‐Ling , Jin Cheng‐Hua 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThree series of N‐{[4‐([1,2,4]triazolo[1,5‐α]pyridin‐6‐yl)‐5‐(6‐methylpyridin‐2‐yl)‐1H‐imidazol‐2‐yl]methyl}acetamides (14a–d, 15a–n, and 16a–f) were synthesized and evaluated for activin receptor‐like kinase 5 (ALK5) inhibitory activities in an enzymatic assay. The target compounds showed high ALK5 inhibitory activity and selectivity. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for phosphorylation of ALK5 of 16f (9.1 nM), the most potent compound, was 2.7 times that of the clinical candidate EW‐7197 (vactosertib) and 14 times that of the clinical candidate LY‐2157299. The selectivity index of 16f against p38α mitogen‐activated protein kinase was >109, which was much higher than that of positive controls (EW‐7197: >41, and LY‐2157299: 4). Furthermore, a molecular docking study provided the interaction modes between the target compounds and ALK5. Compounds 14c, 14d, and 16f effectively inhibited the protein expression of α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), collagen I, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP‐1)/matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP‐13) in transforming growth factor‐β‐induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Compounds 14c and 16f showed especially high activity at low concentrations, which suggests that these compounds could inhibit myocardial cell fibrosis. Compounds 14c, 14d, and 16f are potential preclinical candidates for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
Structural and molecular insights into a bifunctional glycoside hydrolase 30 xylanase specific to glucuronoxylan
Authors: Pentari Christina , Kosinas Christos , Nikolaivits Efstratios , Dimarogona Maria , Topakas Evangelos 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGlycoside hydrolase (GH) 30 family xylanases are enzymes of biotechnological interest due to their capacity to degrade recalcitrant hemicelluloses, such as glucuronoxylan (GX). This study focuses on a subfamily 7 GH30, TtXyn30A from Thermothelomyces thermophilus, which acts on GX in an “endo” and “exo” mode, releasing methyl‐glucuronic acid branched xylooligosaccharides (XOs) and xylobiose, respectively. The crystal structure of inactive TtXyn30A in complex with 23‐(4‐O‐methyl‐α‐D‐glucuronosyl)‐xylotriose (UXX), along with biochemical analyses, corroborate the implication of E233, previously identified as alternative catalytic residue, in the hydrolysis of decorated xylan. At the −1 subsite, the xylose adopts a distorted conformation, indicative of the Michaelis complex of TtXyn30AEE with UXX trapped in the semi‐functional active site. The most significant structural rearrangements upon substrate binding are observed at residues W127 and E233. The structures with neutral XOs, representing the “exo” function, clearly show the nonspecific binding at aglycon subsites, contrary to glycon sites, where the xylose molecules are accommodated via multiple interactions. Last, an unproductive ligand binding site is found at the interface between the catalytic and the secondary β‐domain which is present in all GH30 enzymes. These findings improve current understanding of the mechanism of bifunctional GH30s, with potential applications in the field of enzyme engineering.
Effects of virtual reality exposure therapy on anxiety symptoms and physiological measures among individuals experiencing claustrophobia
Authors: El‐Qirem Fuad , Malak Malakeh Z. , Abualruz Hasan , Abuhazeem Suhaib , Amro Ahlam 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionInnovative technologies, including virtual reality (VR), can be used for conducting VR exposure therapy (VRET) for individuals with psychiatric disorders, including claustrophobia. Unfortunately, there is a lack of studies on the effect of VR in treating claustrophobia in Arab countries, including Jordan. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of VRET on minimising anxiety symptoms at 1 week post‐therapy and the physiological arousal measures (heart rate, O2 saturation and mean arterial pressure) of participants before and following therapy.MethodsA pre‐/post‐test one‐group design was used, and participants (N = 44) who suffered from claustrophobia from Al‐Zaytoonah University of Jordan were recruited. VRET was conducted using the Cave experience, which consists of four stages and was carried out in 4 to 6 sessions during the period from April to September 2023.ResultsThe findings revealed a significant difference between pre‐ and post‐VR simulation intervention for anxiety symptoms and physiological measures; in addition, the participants perceived the usability of VR therapy.ConclusionThis study suggested that VRET was effective in managing claustrophobia, particularly in minimising anxiety symptoms. Therefore, VRET can be integrated into the therapeutic methods for individuals with claustrophobia. Also, healthcare professionals, including mental health counsellors, can adopt such therapy in their management and treatment plan.
Design, Synthesis and Insecticidal Activity of Novel meta‐Diamide Compounds Containing Pyridine Rings
Authors: Yao Yanyu , Liu Jiyong , Zhou Liqi , Zhao Tingting , He Zhen , Gong Hang , Li Kangming 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn order to discover new meta‐diamide compounds with good activity and novel structure, 15 related compounds were designed and synthesized by the bioisosterism principle with cyproflanilide as the lead compound. The insecticidal activities of these compounds against Plutella xylostella and Tetranychus cinnabarinus were tested, and the results of biological activity test showed that some compounds had more than 90 % insecticidal activity against Plutella xylostella at 1 mg/L and Tetranychus cinnabarinus at 100 mg/L. Especially, N‐(2‐bromo‐6‐(difluoromethoxy)‐4‐(perfluoro propan‐2‐yl)phenyl)‐6‐(isonicotinamido)picolinamide against Tetranychus cinnabarinus at 10 mg/L was 100 %, which was better than that of cyproflanilide. Molecular docking studies suggested that N‐(2‐bromo‐6‐(difluoromethoxy)‐4‐(perfluoropropan‐2‐yl)phenyl)‐6‐(4‐cyano‐2‐methylbenzamido)picolinamide had a closely combined with the Plutella xylostella 3RHW (a glutamate‐gated chloride channel). This study provides an avenue for designing and synthesizing a new generation of more effective pesticides.