bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gamma Knife surgery for nonvestibular schwannomas: radiological and clinical outcomes
Authors: Elsharkawy Mohamed , Xu Zhiyuan , Schlesinger David , Sheehan Jason P. 
Published: September 2011

Object
Most intracranial schwannomas arise from cranial nerve (CN) VIII. Stereotactic radiosurgery is a mainstay of treatment for vestibular schwannomas. Intracranial schwannomas arising from other CNs are much less common. We evaluate the efficacy of Gamma Knife surgery on nonvestibular schwannomas including trigeminal, hypoglossal, abducent, facial, trochlear, oculomotor, glossopharyngeal, and jugular foramen tumors.

Methods
Thirty-six patients with nonvestibular schwannomas were treated at the University of Virginia Gamma Knife center from 1989 to 2008. The median patient age was 48 years (mean 45.6 years, range 10–72 years). Schwannomas arose from the following CNs: CN III (in 1 patient), CN IV (in 1), CN V (in 25), CN VI (in 2), CN VII (in 1), CN IX (in 1), and CN XII (in 3). In 2 patients, tumors arose from the jugular foramen. The median tumor volume was 2.9 cm3 (mean 3.3 cm3, range 0.07–8.8 cm3). The median margin dose was 13.5 Gy (range 9.3–20 Gy); the median maximum dose was 30 Gy (range 21.7–50.0 Gy).

Results
The mean and median follow-up times of 36 patients were 54 and 37 months, respectively (range 2–180 months). At the last radiological follow-up, the tumor size had decreased in 20 patients, remained stable in 9 patients, and increased in 7 patients. The 2-year actuarial progression-free survival was 91%. Higher maximum dose was statistically related to tumor control (p = 0.027).
Thirty-three patients had adequate clinical follow-up. Among them, 21 patients had improvement in their presenting symptoms, 8 patients were stable after treatment with no worsening of their presenting symptoms, 2 patients developed new symptoms, and 1 patient experienced symptom deterioration. Notably, 1 patient with neurofibromatosis Type 2 developed new symptoms that were unrelated to the tumor treated with Gamma Knife surgery.

Conclusions
Gamma Knife surgery is a reasonably effective treatment option for patients with nonvestibular schwannomas. Patients require careful follow-up for tumor progression and signs of neurological deterioration.
Prospective assessment of patient morbidity from prone sacral positioning
Authors: Sherman Courtney E. , Rose Peter S. , Pierce Lori L. , Yaszemski Michael J. , Sim Franklin H. 
Published: September 2011

Object
Sacrectomy positioning must balance surgical exposure, localization, associated operative procedures, and patient safety. Poor positioning may increase hemorrhage, risk of blindness, and skin breakdown.

Methods
The authors prospectively identified positioning-related morbidity in 17 patients undergoing 19 prone sacral procedures from September 2008 to August 2009 following institution of a standardized positioning protocol. Key elements include skull traction/head suspension, an open radiolucent frame, and wide draping for associated closure and reconstructive procedures.

Results
Tumors included 5 chordomas, 4 high-grade sarcomas, 1 chondrosarcoma, 2 presacral extradural myxopapillary ependymomas, and 5 others. Mean patient age was 49.9 years (range 17–74 years); mean body mass index was 27.6 kg/m2 (range 19.3–43.9 kg/m2). Mean preoperative Braden skin integrity score was 21.1 (range 17–23). Average operative time was 501 minutes (range 158–1136 minutes). Prone surgery was a part of staged anterior/posterior resections in 8 patients. Localization was conducted using fluoroscopy in 13 patients and intraoperative CT in 4 patients. All imaging studies were successful. One patient developed a transient ulnar nerve palsy attributed to positioning. Three patients (two of whom were morbidly obese) developed Stage I pressure injuries to the chest and another developed Stage II pressure injury following a 1136-minute procedure. Morbidity was only observed in patients with morbid obesity or with procedures lasting in excess of 10 hours.

Conclusions
A positioning protocol using head suspension on an open radiolucent frame facilitates oncological sacral surgery with reasonable patient morbidity. Morbid obesity and procedure times in excess of 10 hours are risk factors for positioning-related complications. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of surgical positioning morbidity in this patient population.
Entecavir plus Adefovir Combination Treatment for Chronic Hepatitis B Patients after Failure of Nucleoside/Nucleotide Analogues
Authors: Lim Young-Suk , Lee Tae Hoon , Heo Nae-Yun , Shim Ju Hyun , Lee Han Chu , Suh Dong Jin 
Published: September 2011

Background The combination of entecavir, a nucleoside analogue, and adefovir, a nucleotide analogue, would be a promising salvage treatment for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients who fail nucleoside/nucleotide analogue (NA) regimens. Methods A total of 89 CHB patients who had failed NA regimens and were treated with entecavir plus adefovir combination for at least 12 months were included. Results Mean baseline HBV DNA of patients was 6.16 ±1.44 log10 IU/ml. Patients were classed by the number of previously failed NAs; 1 NA (lamivudine; n=15; Group 1), 2 NAs (lamivudine and either adefovir or entecavir; n=39; Group 2) and 3 NAs (lamivudine, adefovir and entecavir; n=35; Group 3). After 12 months of treatment, the mean reduction in HBV DNA was greater in Group 1 than in Group 2 or 3 (-5.81 ±1.71, -3.20 ±1.36 and -2.93 ±1.56 log10 IU/ml, respectively; P<0.01). The rates of virological response (HBV DNA<2,000 IU/ml) were 100%, 79.5% and 34.3% ( P<0.01), and the rates of complete virological response (HBV DNA<60 IU/ml) were 53.3%, 25.6% and 14.3% in Group 1, 2 and 3, respectively ( P<0.01) at 12 months. Higher baseline HBV DNA (odds ratio =0.59; P=0.02) and increasing number of previously failed NAs ( P<0.01) were independently associated with a lower rate of complete virological response at 12 months. Conclusions Entecavir plus adefovir combination treatment was effective in achieving virological response in CHB patients after failure of NAs. However, its effect progressively decreased as the number of previously failed NAs increased.
Le Sahara occidental : un territoire revendiqué... des territoires imaginés ?
Authors: Dedenis Julien 
Published: September 2011

Résumé Décolonisé tardivement en 1976, le Sahara occidental ex-espagnol reste un territoire indécis entre l’occupation de fait par le Maroc retrouvant ses frontières pré-coloniales, la Mauritanie exclue des revendications dès 1978, et le Front Polisario indépendantiste fondé sur une base tribale guerrière maure matinée de Révolution. Si la majeure part de la population sahraouie vit dans des « camps » autonomes à l’abri des frontières algériennes toutes proches, c’est à égalité presque avec la population restée « sur place » donc sous contrôle marocain. Cela sans compter les migrants en Espagne ou à Cuba. Comment un territoire revendiqué peut-il se définir depuis des positions aussi diverses ? C’est la question en suspens.
Evidence for (E)-pityol as an aggregation pheromone of Pityophthorus pubescens (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Authors: López Sergio , Quero Carmen , Iturrondobeitia Juan Carlos , Guerrero Ángel , Goldarazena Arturo 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe present evidence favoring the use of (E)-pityol as an aggregation pheromone in Pityophthorus pubescens (Marsham). (E)-Pityol was detected in effluvia of male and female P. pubescens, and antennae of both sexes responded to (E)-(+)-pityol in electroantennogram assays. In two-choice olfactometer tests, males significantly preferred (E)-(+)-pityol and (E)-(±)-pityol to blank controls at doses of 1, 10, and 100ng, whereas females only showed a preference for (E)-pityol at the 1ng dose.
Effects of gypsy moth establishment and dominance in native caterpillar communities of northern oak forests
Authors: Timms Laura L. , Smith Sandy M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractLittle research has addressed the impacts of invasive-species establishment on native forest insect communities. Such information is lacking even for gypsy moth,Lymantria dispar(L.) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae), the most thoroughly studied invasive forest insect. We investigated the ecological impacts of gypsy moth on native species at sites in north-central Ontario, Canada, with and without significant histories of gypsy moth defoliation over a 2-year period. Patterns in native forest caterpillar communities are described using measures of species diversity and multivariate analysis. We documented a transition from low-level to dominant gypsy moth populations. Sites with different gypsy moth outbreak histories exhibited differences in rank-abundance distributions and dominance structures in the first year of the study; by the second year, gypsy moth was dominant at sites of both types irrespective of their previous defoliation history. Contrary to our predictions, we found that gypsy moth outbreak history had no significant effects on native caterpillar community diversity or structure. However, sites with currently high gypsy moth abundance demonstrated significant shifts in late-season caterpillar community structure. Our results suggest that observed community differences were due to the presence of a highly abundant folivore, and not to permanent shifts in the native community because of the introduction of an invasive species.
The New World genera of Parathalassiinae (Diptera: Empidoidea: Dolichopodidae s.l.), with new species of Thalassophorus and Eothalassius
Authors: Brooks Scott E. , Cumming Jeffrey M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe parathalassine genera Thalassophorus Saigusa, Eothalassius Shamshev and Grootaert, and Chimerothalassius Shamshev and Grootaert are recorded from the New World for the first time. Thalassophorus arnaudi Brooks and Cumming sp. nov. is described from specimens collected at coastal localities in British Columbia, Oregon, and California, and represents the second known species in the genus, the type species being T. spinipennis Saigusa, known only from Rishiri Island in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan. Detailed illustrations of the male genitalia of T. spinipennis are provided. Eothalassius borkenti Cumming and Brooks sp. nov. is described from specimens collected along the Pacific coast of Costa Rica, bringing the total number of described species of this former Southeast Asian genus to three, with one probable additional described species in the Mediterranean region. The genus Chimerothalassius, which was previously known from a single New Zealand species, is recorded from the island of Dominica, based on a female specimen plus a slide-mounted wing of an undescribed species. A new undescribed parathalassiine genus is also recorded from Chile, based on limited material of two undescribed species. A key to the six genera of Parathalassiinae in the New World, including Parathalassius Mik and Microphorella Becker, is given, as are some preliminary remarks on the limits and phylogenetic relationships of the parathalassiine genera.
Ants and subterranean Sternorrhyncha in a native grassland in east-central Alberta, Canada
Authors: Newton J.S. , Glasier J. , Maw H.E.L. , Proctor H.C. , Foottit R.G. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractLittle is known about the associations of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with subterranean aphids and mealybugs (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Aphididae and Pseudococcidae), particularly in Canadian grasslands. Knowledge of host plants for these sternorrhynchans is equally rare. We carried out a plant-based survey of ants and belowground aphids and mealybugs in a native fescue grassland in east-central Alberta, Canada. We found 23 species of ants, 12 of which (species ofLasiusF.,MyrmicaLatreille,TapinomaFörster, andTemnothoraxMayr) were in association with subterranean sternorrhynchans. Twelve species of aphids and mealybugs were collected; 3 are new records for Canada and 2 are possibly undescribed. Most ant species associated with sternorrhynchans were found with more than one species of sternorrhynchan, sometimes in the same nest. Almost all sternorrhynchans were found on graminoid hosts (Poaceae and Cyperaceae); there was little observed plant-specificity beyond this. There were no significant correlations between presence of subterranean sternorrhynchans and percent cover of different plant types, soil moisture content, slope, aspect, or visible entrances to ant nests.
The parasitoid communities associated with an invasive canola pest, Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in Ontario and Quebec, Canada
Authors: Mason P.G. , Miall J.H. , Bouchard P. , Gillespie D.R. , Broadbent A.B. , Gibson G.A.P. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractSurveys were conducted to determine the parasitoid communities associated with the cabbage seedpod weevil, Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Marsham), an important invasive pest of canola in Ontario and Quebec, Canada. More than 18 species of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) were associated with this pest through mass rearings from canola siliques. In southwestern Ontario, the most abundant species were a species of Chlorocytus Graham (23.6%–48.6%), Lyrcus perdubius (Girault) (0%–53%), L. maculatus (Gahan) (2.8%–14.7%), and species of Pteromalus Swederus (0.6%–23.1%) (Pteromalidae). In contrast, the most abundant species in Quebec were Trichomalus lucidus (Walker) (Pteromalidae) (33.3%–56.4%), unidentified Eulophidae (2.1%–39.1%), Mesopolobus gemellus Baur and Muller (Pteromalidae) (1.3%–21.4%), and Necremnus tidius (Walker) (Eulophidae) (11.5%–19.3%). In the Ottawa, Ontario, area, parasitoids were first recovered in 2008, and Trichomalus perfectus (Walker) (Pteromalidae), M. gemellus, and species of Pteromalus were most prevalent. Mesopolobus gemellus and T. perfectus are reported in North America for the first time. Although existing communities appear to provide substantial parasitism (e.g., 6.3%–26.3% in 2006), species composition varies among years and differs from that in other regions in North America. Thus, parasitism levels and parasitoid communities of the cabbage seedpod weevil should be monitored to assess whether these will increase or there is a need to introduce more host-specific species from Europe that could provide greater mortality.
Transnasal Endoscopic Repair of Post-traumatic Cerebrospinal Fluid Fistula and Meningoencephalocele: Successful Closure of a Big Breach (18 × 15 mm) with Septal Cartilage and Temporalis Fascia
Authors: Sonkhya Nishi , Mittal Payal , Sonkhya Divij 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACT
Transnasal endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid fistula is recommended for patients with post-traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leaks who do not respond to conservative treatment. It is a safer and more successful alternative to transcranial surgery.
We present our experience of using septal cartilage and temporalis fascia in this transnasal endoscopic approach for the repair of the large defect of anterior skull base cerebrospinal fistula and meningoencephalocele. Use of microdebrider is highlighted in the technique for the debridement of the encephalocele and complete exposure of the defect.
Hydatid Cyst of the Maxillary Sinus
Authors: Megalamani Somanath B , Balasubramanium Deepak , Gopalakrishnan Surianarayana , Saxena Sunil Kumar 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACT
Hydatid disease is a parasitic infestation by a tapeworm of the genus Echinococcus. The disease is endemic in the Middle East, the South Asia and South America. The larvae usually cause cystic lesions in the lung and liver. Hydatid cysts are known to affect the head and neck region. The presence of this cyst in the maxillary sinus is extremely rare and should be suspected in cases presenting from endemic countries.
Cavernous Hemangioma of the Maxillary and Ethmoid Sinus Treated Endoscopically
Authors: Nair Arun B , Hemanth V , Manjula BV , Ross Anita 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACT
Hemangiomas are a benign vascular tumor and are of two types: capillary and cavernous. Isolated cavernous hemangiomas of paranasal sinuses are rare. We report a case of hemangioma involving the left maxillary and ethmoid sinus managed endoscopically.
Cholesteatoma of Maxillary Sinus: Mimicking as Sinus Tumor
Authors: Yadav Jagveer Singh , Chouhan Mahendra , Bakshi Jaimanti , Saikia Uma Nahar 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTParanasal sinuses are normally lined by respiratory mucosa which is pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium. Cholesteatoma of paranasal sinus is a condition where respiratory mucosa is either partially or totally replaced by hyperkeratotic squamous epithelium which lead to formation of lamellar sheet of keratin and this condition is known as cholesteatoma. We report one such rare occurrence of maxillary sinus cholesteatoma managed endoscopically.
Origin of the Ultra‐nonlinear Switching Kinetics in Oxide‐Based Resistive Switches
Authors: Menzel Stephan , Waters Matthias , Marchewka Astrid , Böttger Ulrich , Dittmann Regina , Waser Rainer 
Published: September 2011

AbstractExperimental pulse length–pulse voltage studies of SrTiO3 memristive cells are reported, which reveal nonlinearities in the switching kinetics of more than nine orders of magnitude. The results are interpreted using an electrothermal 2D finite element model. The nonlinearity arises from a temperature increase in a few‐nanometer‐thick disc‐shaped region at the Ti electrode and a corresponding exponential increase in oxygen‐vacancy mobility. The model fully reproduces the experimental data and it provides essential design rules for optimizing the cell concept of nanoionic resistive memories. The model is generic in nature: it is applicable to all those oxides which become n‐conducting upon chemical reduction and which show significant ion conductivity at elevated temperatures.
The Development of Psychodynamic Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis in China
Authors: Varvin Sverre , Gerlach Alf 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTThe history of psychoanalysis in China started already in 1912, followed by a great interest from Chinese intellectuals in the 20s and 30s. Since 1983 psychoanalysts from different Western countries, especially Germany and Norway, teach psychodynamic psychotherapy at Chinese psychiatric institutions. Meanwhile the IPA offers full psychoanalytic training in Beijing and in Shanghai. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Small‐vessel vasculitis surrounding an uninflamed temporal artery and isolated vasa vasorum vasculitis of the temporal artery: Two subsets of giant cell arteritis
Authors: Restuccia Giovanna , Cavazza Alberto , Boiardi Luigi , Pipitone Nicolò , Macchioni PierLuigi , Bajocchi GianLuigi , Catanoso Maria Grazia , Muratore Francesco , Ghinoi Alessandra , Magnani Luca , Cimino Luca , Salvarani Carlo 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the frequency and clinical characteristics of periadventitial small‐vessel vasculitis (SVV) and isolated vasa vasorum vasculitis (VVV).MethodsWe identified 455 temporal artery biopsies performed in residents of Reggio Emilia, Italy between 1986 and 2003. Slides of temporal artery biopsy specimens were reviewed by a pathologist who was blinded with regard to clinical data. SVV was defined as inflammation of the small vessels external to the temporal artery adventitia, and VVV was defined as isolated inflammation of temporal artery vasa vasorum. Medical records of patients with SVV and/or VVV were reviewed, and demographic, clinical, laboratory, and followup data were collected. For comparison purposes, we collected the same data from an equal number of randomly selected patients with evidence of classic giant cell arteritis (GCA).ResultsSixteen patients had SVV, 18 had isolated VVV, and 5 had both SVV and VVV. Compared with patients with classic GCA, the frequencies of headache, scalp tenderness, abnormalities of temporal arteries, jaw claudication, anorexia, and weight loss, the levels of acute‐phase reactant at diagnosis, and the initial and cumulative doses prednisone were significantly lower and the frequency of peripheral synovitis was higher in the patients with SVV, and the frequency of cranial ischemic events was similar in the 2 groups. In contrast, the clinical characteristics and erythrocyte sedimentation rate at diagnosis of patients with isolated VVV were similar to those of patients with classic GCA.ConclusionOur findings indicate that isolated VVV and SVV should be considered part of the histopathologic spectrum of GCA.
Replication of association of the PTPRC gene with response to anti–tumor necrosis factor therapy in a large UK cohort
Authors: Plant Darren , Prajapati Rita , Hyrich Kimme L. , Morgan Ann W. , Wilson Anthony G. , Isaacs John D. ,   Biologics in Rheumatoid Arthritis Genetics and Genomics Study Syndicate, Barton Anne 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectiveSeveral rheumatoid arthritis (RA) susceptibility variants map close to genes involved in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, prompting the investigation of RA susceptibility variants in studies of predictors of response to TNF blockade. Based on a previously reported association of RA with the PTPRC genetic locus, the present study was undertaken to test established RA susceptibility variants, including PTPRC, in the prediction of response to TNF blockade in a large cohort of patients from the UK.MethodsDNA was extracted from the blood of 1,115 UK patients with RA who were receiving anti‐TNF biologic therapy. Samples were analyzed for 29 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously established as RA susceptibility variants. In the primary analysis, the effect of each SNP on treatment response was assessed by linear regression, using an additive model, in which absolute change in the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints at 6 months of followup was the outcome measure. In a secondary analysis, logistic regression models were used to compare patients with a good treatment response (n = 274) to those with a poor response (n = 195), as defined using the European League Against Rheumatism response criteria. Results were combined with those from previous studies to confirm the findings by meta‐analysis.ResultsThe PTPRC rs10919563 SNP was associated with improved treatment response in both the primary analysis (regression coefficient 0.19, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.09, 0.37; P = 0.04) and secondary analysis (odds ratio 0.62, 95% CI 0.40, 0.95; P = 0.03). A meta‐analysis combining these data with the results from a previous study strengthened the evidence for association with the PTPRC SNP (P = 5.13 × 10−5). No convincing association of the treatment response with other candidate loci was detected.ConclusionPresence of the rs10919563 RA susceptibility variant at the PTPRC gene locus predicts improved response to anti‐TNF biologic therapy. Fine‐mapping studies are required to determine whether this SNP or another variant at the locus provides the greatest predictive accuracy for treatment response.