bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PCA-ICA-LSTM: A Hybrid Deep Learning Model Based on Dimension Reduction Methods to Predict S&P 500 Index Price
Authors: Sarıkoç Mehmet , Celik Mete 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a new hybrid model based on a deep learning network to predict the prices of financial assets. The study addresses two key limitations in existing research: (1) the lack of standardized datasets, time scales, and evaluation metrics, and (2) the focus on prediction return. The proposed model employs a two-stage preprocessing approach utilizing Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for dimensionality reduction and de-noising, followed by Independent Component Analysis (ICA) for feature extraction. A Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network with five layers is fed with this preprocessed data to predict the price of the next day using a 5 day time horizon. To ensure comparability with existing literature, experiments employ an 18 year dataset of the Standard & Poor's 500 (S&P500) index and include over 40 technical indicators. Performance evaluation encompasses six metrics, highlighting the model's superiority in accuracy and return rates. Comparative analyses demonstrate the superiority of the proposed PCA-ICA-LSTM model over single-stage statistical methods and other deep learning architectures, achieving notable improvements in evaluation metrics. Evaluation against previous studies using similar datasets corroborates the model's superior performance. Moreover, extensions to the study include adjustments to dataset parameters to account for the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in improved return rates surpassing traditional trading strategies. PCA-ICA-LSTM achieves a 220% higher return compared to the “hold and wait” strategy in the extended S&P500 dataset, along with a 260% higher return than its closest competitor in the comparison. Furthermore, it outperformed other models in additional case studies.
Graphical Abstract
Stress and anxiety during pregnancy and length of gestation: a federated study using data from five Canadian and European birth cohorts
Authors: Bergeron Julie , Avraam Demetris , Calas Lucinda , Fraser William , Harris Jennifer R. , Heude Barbara , Mandhane Piush , Moraes Theo J. , Muckle Gina , Nader Johanna , Séguin Jean R. , Simons Elinor , Subbarao Padmaja , Swertz Morris A. , Tough Suzanne , Turvey Stuart E. , Fortier Isabel , Rod Naja Hulvej , Andersen Anne-Marie Nybo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile its etiology is not fully elucidated, preterm birth represents a major public health concern as it is the leading cause of child mortality and morbidity. Stress is one of the most common perinatal conditions and may increase the risk of preterm birth. In this paper we aimed to investigate the association of maternal perceived stress and anxiety with length of gestation. We used harmonized data from five birth cohorts from Canada, France, and Norway. A total of 5297 pregnancies of singletons were included in the analysis of perceived stress and gestational duration, and 55,775 pregnancies for anxiety. Federated analyses were performed through the DataSHIELD platform using Cox regression models within intervals of gestational age. The models were fit for each cohort separately, and the cohort-specific results were combined using random effects study-level meta-analysis. Moderate and high levels of perceived stress during pregnancy were associated with a shorter length of gestation in the very/moderately preterm interval [moderate: hazard ratio (HR) 1.92 (95%CI 0.83, 4.48); high: 2.04 (95%CI 0.77, 5.37)], albeit not statistically significant. No association was found for the other intervals. Anxiety was associated with gestational duration in the very/moderately preterm interval [1.66 (95%CI 1.32, 2.08)], and in the early term interval [1.15 (95%CI 1.08, 1.23)]. Our findings suggest that perceived stress and anxiety are associated with an increased risk of earlier birth, but only in the earliest gestational ages. We also found an association in the early term period for anxiety, but the result was only driven by the largest cohort, which collected information the latest in pregnancy. This raised a potential issue of reverse causality as anxiety later in pregnancy could be due to concerns about early signs of a possible preterm birth.
Source-specific nitrate intake and all-cause mortality in the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Study
Authors: Bondonno Nicola P. , Pokharel Pratik , Bondonno Catherine P. , Erichsen Dorit W. , Zhong Liezhou , Schullehner Jörg , Frederiksen Kirsten , Kyrø Cecilie , Hendriksen Peter Fjeldstad , Hodgson Jonathan M. , Dalgaard Frederik , Blekkenhorst Lauren C. , Raaschou-Nielsen Ole , Sigsgaard Torben , Dahm Christina C. , Tjønneland Anne , Olsen Anja 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Nitrate and nitrite are naturally occurring in both plant- and animal-sourced foods, are used as additives in the processing of meat, and are found in water. There is growing evidence that they exhibit a spectrum of health effects, depending on the dietary source. The aim of the study was to examine source-dependent associations between dietary intakes of nitrate/nitrite and both all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

Methods
In 52,247 participants of the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health Study, associations between source-dependent nitrate and nitrite intakes––calculated using comprehensive food composition and national drinking water quality monitoring databases––and all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related, and cancer-related mortality over 27 years were examined using restricted cubic splines within Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and dietary confounders. Analyses were stratified by factors hypothesised to influence the formation of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds (namely, smoking and dietary intakes of vitamin C, vitamin E, folate, and polyphenols).

Results
Plant-sourced nitrate intake was inversely associated with all-cause mortality [HRQ5vsQ1: 0.83 (0.80, 0.87)] while higher risks of all-cause mortality were seen for higher intakes of naturally occurring animal-sourced nitrate [1.09 (1.04, 1.14)], additive permitted meat-sourced nitrate [1.19 (1.14, 1.25)], and tap water-sourced nitrate [1.19 (1.14, 1.25)]. Similar source-dependent associations were seen for nitrite and for CVD-related and cancer-related mortality except that naturally occurring animal-sourced nitrate and tap water-sourced nitrate were not associated with cancer-related mortality and additive permitted meat-sourced nitrate was not associated with CVD-related mortality. No clear patterns emerged in stratified analyses.

Conclusion
Nitrate/nitrite from plant sources are inversely associated while those from naturally occurring animal-sources, additive-permitted meat sources, and tap water-sources are positively associated with mortality.
Adverse effects of control? Evidence from a field experiment
Authors: Herz Holger , Zihlmann Christian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe conduct a field experiment with Amazon Mechanical Turk (“AMT”) workers to causally assess the effect of introducing a control mechanism in an existing work relationship on workers’ performance on tasks of varying difficulty. We find that introducing control significantly reduces performance. This reduction occurs primarily on challenging tasks, while performance on simple tasks is unaffected. The negative effects are primarily driven by workers who exhibit non-pecuniary motivation in the absence of control. Our results show that there are adverse effects of control, and they suggest that these adverse effects are of particular concern to firms that rely on high performance on challenging tasks.
Spectra and dynamics of generalized Cesàro operators in (LF) and (PLB) sequence spaces
Authors: Albanese Angela A. , Asensio Vicente 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce inductive limits of the Fréchet spaces $$\ell (p+)$$

ℓ
(
p
+
)

, $$\text {ces}(p+)$$

ces
(
p
+
)

, and $$d(p+)$$

d
(
p
+
)

($$1 \le p < \infty $$

1
≤
p
<
∞

) and projective limits of the (LB)-spaces $$\ell (p-)$$

ℓ
(
p
-
)

, $$\text {ces}(p-)$$

ces
(
p
-
)

, and $$d(p-)$$

d
(
p
-
)

($$1 < p \le \infty $$

1
<
p
≤
∞

). After having established some topological properties of such spaces as acyclicity and ultrabornologicity, we prove that the generalized Cesàro operators $$C_t$$

C
t

($$0 \le t \le 1$$

0
≤
t
≤
1

) act continuously in these sequence spaces, and we determine the spectra. Finally, we study the ergodic properties, that is, power boundedness, (uniform) mean ergodicity, and supercyclicity, of the operators $$C_t$$

C
t

acting in the (LF)-spaces and in the (PLB)-spaces mentioned above.
An Outlook into the Future of Egocentric Vision
Authors: Plizzari Chiara , Goletto Gabriele , Furnari Antonino , Bansal Siddhant , Ragusa Francesco , Farinella Giovanni Maria , Damen Dima , Tommasi Tatiana 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhat will the future be? We wonder! In this survey, we explore the gap between current research in egocentric vision and the ever-anticipated future, where wearable computing, with outward facing cameras and digital overlays, is expected to be integrated in our every day lives. To understand this gap, the article starts by envisaging the future through character-based stories, showcasing through examples the limitations of current technology. We then provide a mapping between this future and previously defined research tasks. For each task, we survey its seminal works, current state-of-the-art methodologies and available datasets, then reflect on shortcomings that limit its applicability to future research. Note that this survey focuses on software models for egocentric vision, independent of any specific hardware. The paper concludes with recommendations for areas of immediate explorations so as to unlock our path to the future always-on, personalised and life-enhancing egocentric vision.
One year of active moss biomonitoring in the identification of PAHs in an urbanized area—prospects and implications
Authors: Świsłowski Paweł , Wacławek Stanisław , Antos Vojtěch , Zinicovscaia Inga , Rajfur Małgorzata , Wacławek Maria 
Published: May 2024

AbstractClassical monitoring of air pollution provides information on environmental quality but involves high costs. An alternative to this method is the use of bioindicators. The purpose of our work was to evaluate atmospheric aerosol pollution by selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons conducted as part of annual active biomonitoring (“moss-bag” technique) with the use of three moss species: Pleurozium schreberi, Sphagnum fallax, and Dicranum polysetum. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was utilized to determine certain 13 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Three seasonal variations in PAH concentrations have been observed as a result of the study. A fire on the toilet paper plant caused an increase of five new compounds: benzo(k)fluoranthene (BkF), benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), indeno(1.2.3)-cd_pyrene (IP), dibenzo(a.h)anthracene (Dah), and benzo(g.h.i)perylene (Bghi) in proximity after 8 months of exposure compared to previous months. The effect of meteorological conditions on the deposition of PAHs (mainly wind direction) in mosses was confirmed by principal component analysis (PCA). Dicranum polysetum moss accumulated on average 26.5% more PAHs than the other species, which allows considering its broader use in active biomonitoring. The “moss-bag” technique demonstrates its feasibility in assessing the source of PAH air pollution in a long-term study. It is recommended to use this biological method as a valuable tool in air quality monitoring.
Reclamation and Authorization: Cepollaro and Lopez de Sa on in-group Restriction
Authors: Valtonen Pasi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIt is generally thought that the reclamation of slurs is restricted to the in-group. Bianca Cepollaro and Dan Lopez de Sa challenge this assumption by presenting cases in which slurs are successfully reclaimed by members of out-groups. I agree with the idea that the out-groups often participate in reclamation. In this paper, I present a view which accommodates the fact that sometimes out-groups successfully reclaim slurs. At the same time, the view preserves the central role of the in-group in reclamation.
Unraveling Relapse in Male Forensic Psychiatric Patients with Substance Use Disorders—The Impact of Social, Psychiatric, and Personality Factors Post Long-Term Remission
Authors: Fritz Michael , Montiel Felipe , Al Dirany Ahmad , Dudeck Manuela , Streb Judith 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSubstance use disorder, labelled a chronic relapse condition by the WHO, remains challenging to address with limited progress in effective relapse prevention measures. Scientific evaluation is hindered by cost, but an opportunity arises in the German forensic psychiatric setting governed by § 64 of the German criminal code. Here, patients undergo two-year multi-modal therapy followed by up to five years of supervised oversight post-release. This retrospective study analyzed legal and medical records, revealing key determinants of relapse, including emotional stress, social activities, personality disorder diagnosis, inpatient treatment relapse, age at first conviction, and loss of motivation. Surprisingly, social factors like family and work status, living situation at discharge, and dialectical behavioral therapy during admission showed no impact, nor did index crime type. Polysubstance use, except for cannabinoids and psychostimulants other than cocaine, increased relapse probability. Multiple inpatient pretreatments were insignificant predictors. A generalized linear model highlighted substance use during inpatient treatment, personality disorder, and previous convictions as most central predictors of post-discharge relapse, challenging conventional notions and informing effective substance use disorder management.
Patient-specific cerebral 3D vessel model reconstruction using deep learning
Authors: Koizumi Satoshi , Kin Taichi , Shono Naoyuki , Kiyofuji Satoshi , Umekawa Motoyuki , Sato Katsuya , Saito Nobuhito 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThree-dimensional vessel model reconstruction from patient-specific magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) images often requires some manual maneuvers. This study aimed to establish the deep learning (DL)-based method for vessel model reconstruction. Time of flight MRA of 40 patients with internal carotid artery aneurysms was prepared, and three-dimensional vessel models were constructed using the threshold and region-growing method. Using those datasets, supervised deep learning using 2D U-net was performed to reconstruct 3D vessel models. The accuracy of the DL-based vessel segmentations was assessed using 20 MRA images outside the training dataset. The dice coefficient was used as the indicator of the model accuracy, and the blood flow simulation was performed using the DL-based vessel model. The created DL model could successfully reconstruct a three-dimensional model in all 60 cases. The dice coefficient in the test dataset was 0.859. Of note, the DL-generated model proved its efficacy even for large aneurysms (> 10 mm in their diameter). The reconstructed model was feasible in performing blood flow simulation to assist clinical decision-making. Our DL-based method could successfully reconstruct a three-dimensional vessel model with moderate accuracy. Future studies are warranted to exhibit that DL-based technology can promote medical image processing.
Graphical Abstract
Reading the log canonical threshold of a plane curve singularity from its Newton polyhedron
Authors: Paemurru Erik 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThere is a proposition due to Kollár as reported by Kollár (Proceedings of the summer research institute, Santa Cruz, CA, USA, July 9–29, 1995, American Mathematical Society, Providence, 1997) on computing log canonical thresholds of certain hypersurface germs using weighted blowups, which we extend to weighted blowups with non-negative weights. Using this, we show that the log canonical threshold of a convergent complex power series is at most 1/c, where $$(c, \ldots , c)$$

(
c
,
…
,
c
)

is a point on a facet of its Newton polyhedron. Moreover, in the case $$n = 2$$

n
=
2

, if the power series is weakly normalised with respect to this facet or the point (c, c) belongs to two facets, then we have equality. This generalises a theorem of Varchenko 1982 to non-isolated singularities.
Ultralong hydroxyapatite-based forward osmosis membrane for freshwater generation
Authors: Gomaa Mohamed Gamal , Abdel-Ghafar Hamdy Maamoun , Galiano Francesco , Russo Francesca , Figoli Alberto , Abdel-Aal El-Sayed Ali , Kandil Abdel-Hakim Taha , Salah Bahaa Ahmed 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIncreasing global water shortages are accelerating the pace of membrane manufacturing, which generates many environmentally harmful solvents. Such challenges need a radical rethink of developing innovative membranes that can address freshwater production without generating environmentally harmful solvents. This work utilized the synthesized ultra-long hydroxyapatite (UHA) by the solvothermal method using the green solvent oleic acid in preparing UHA-based forward osmosis membranes. The membranes were developed using different loading ratios of graphene oxide (GO) by vacuum-assisted filtration technique. The prepared GO/UHA membranes were identified using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Water contact angle and pore size distribution were determined for the obtained GO/UHA membranes. The obtained hierarchical porous structure in the prepared membranes with interconnected channels results in a stable water flux with reverse salt flux. The best water flux rate of 42 ± 2 L·m−2·h−1 was achieved using the 50 mg GO/UHA membrane, which is 3.3 times higher than the pristine membrane, and a reverse salt flux of 67 g·m−2·h−1. The obtained results showed a promising capability of a new generation of sustainable inorganic-based membranes that can be utilized in freshwater generation by energy-efficient techniques such as forward osmosis.
Exploration on electrical resistance tomography in characterizing the slurry spatial distribution in cemented granular materials
Authors: Wang Bohao , Wang Wei , Jin Feng , Tan Handong , Liu Ning , Huang Duruo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the application of electrical resistance tomography (ERT) in characterizing the slurry spatial distribution in cemented granular materials (CGMs). For CGM formed by self-flow grouting, the voids in the accumulation are only partially filled and the bond strength is often limited, which results in difficulty in obtaining in situ samples for quality evaluation. Therefore, it is usually infeasible to evaluate the grouting effect or monitor the slurry spatial distribution by a mechanical method. In this research, the process of grouting cement paste into high alumina ceramic beads (HACB) accumulation is reliably monitored with ERT. It shows that ERT results can be used to calculate the cement paste volume in the HACB accumulation, based on calibrating the saturation exponent n in Archie’s law. The results support the feasibility of ERT as an imaging tool in CGM characterization and may provide guidance for engineering applications in the future.
Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a therapeutic target in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Diaz Diana , Bergdorf Kensey , Loberg Matthew A. , Phifer Courtney J. , Xu George J. , Sheng Quanhu , Chen Sheau-Chiann , Byrant Jamal M. , Tigue Megan L. , Hartmann Heather , Rohde Sarah L. , Netterville James L. , Baregamian Naira , Goettel Jeremy A. , Ye Fei , Lee Ethan , Weiss Vivian L. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a highly aggressive malignancy that has consistently shown Wnt/β-catenin (canonical) signaling activation in various study populations. There are currently no targetable treatments for BRAF-wildtype ATC and a lack of effective treatment for BRAFV600EATC. Our aim is to identify whether Wnt inhibitors could be potential therapeutic agents for ATC patients with limited treatment options.

Methods
In this Institutional Review Board-approved study, we utilize a cohort of 32 ATCs and 20 non-neoplastic multinodular goiters (MNG). We also use 4 ATC spheroid cell lines (THJ-16T, THJ-21T, THJ-29T, and THJ-11T) and two primary patient-derived ATC organoid cultures (VWL-T5 and VWL-T60). Finally, we use a murine xenograft mouse model of ATC for in vivo treatment studies.

Results
Using a large patient cohort, we demonstrate that this near-universal Wnt signaling activation is associated with ligand expression- rather than being mutationally-driven. We show that pyrvinium pamoate, a potent Wnt inhibitor, exhibits in vitro efficacy against both ATC cell lines and primary patient-derived ATC organoids VWL-T5 (p < 0.05) and VWL-T60 (p < 0.01) Finally, using a murine xenograft model of ATC, we show that pyrvinium significantly delays the growth of ATC tumors in THJ-16T (p < 0.005) and THJ-21T (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
We tested Wnt inhibitor treatment, both in vitro and in vivo, as a potential novel therapy for this highly lethal disease. Future large-scale studies utilizing multiple Wnt inhibitors will lay the foundation for the development of these novel therapies for patients with ATC.
Unlevel Playing Field: Socioeconomic Determinants of Early Childhood Development in Turkiye
Authors: Karaoğlan Deniz , Dayioğlu Meltem , Saraçoğlu Dürdane Şirin , Sağir Serap 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe investigate the socioeconomic determinants of early childhood development (ECD) in Türkiye, focusing on maternal education and household wealth, using representative microdata from the 2018 Türkiye Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS), which collected data on the developmental status of young children aged 36–59 months for the first time. Using this data, we construct an ECD index based on four developmental domains (i.e., literacy-numeracy, physical development, learning readiness and socio-emotional). Our results suggest that 74 percent of children (70.3 percent of boys and 78 percent of girls) are developmentally on track. We find that while over 96 percent of children are developmentally on track in physical and learning readiness domains, only 14.5 percent and 73.6 percent are in the literacy-numeracy and socio-emotional development domains, respectively. The multivariate regression results suggest both maternal education and household wealth improve children’s ECD outcomes but the latter has a stronger effect. In fact, we find that mother’s schooling is only positively and statistically associated with ECD once mothers have at least a high school education. Kindergarten attendance, which stands at a meagre 11.3 percent, is only likely for children from well-to-do and educated households. As a result, we find large gaps in ECD and its components between children with low and high socioeconomic backgrounds. We conclude that leveling the playing field is only possible via a nationwide multisectoral initiative that can support and educate caregivers and children simultaneously.
Expanding the therapeutic armamentarium for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: successful transarterial chemoembolization of peritoneal extrahepatic metastasis
Authors: Brandi Nicolò , Giampalma Emanuela , Renzulli Matteo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is predominantly known for its intrahepatic manifestations, yet extrahepatic dissemination, particularly intraperitoneal, remains rare. Herein, we present the very first case of successful transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for an extrahepatic peritoneal HCC nodule. This intervention underscores the potential efficacy of TACE as a viable alternative to surgery in cases where arterial vessels supplying the lesion do not nourish vital parenchymal organs.