bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of a muscle resistance program on the functional capacity, knee extensor muscle strength and plasma levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in pre-frail elderly women: a randomized crossover clinical trial - a study protocol
Authors: Lustosa Lygia P , Coelho Fernanda M , Silva Juscelio P , Pereira Daniele S , Parentoni Adriana N , Dias João MD , Dias Rosangela C , Pereira Leani SM 
Published: July 2010

Abstract

Background
With the increase in the elderly population, a growing number of chronic degenerative diseases and a greater dependency on caregivers have been observed. Elderly persons in states of frailty remain more susceptible to significant health complications. There is evidence of an inverse relationship between plasma levels of inflammatory mediators and levels of functionality and muscle strength, suggesting that muscle-strengthening measures can aid in inflammatory conditions. The purpose of this study will be verified the effect of a muscle-strengthening program with load during a ten-week period in pre-frail elderly women with attention to the following outcomes: (1) plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), (2) functional capacity and (3) knee extensor muscle strength.

Methods/Design
The study design is a randomized crossover clinical trial evaluating 26 elderly women (regardless of their race and/or social condition) who are community residents, older than 65, and classified as pre-frail according to the criteria previously described by Fried et al. (2004). All subjects will be assessed using the Timed up and go and 10-Meter Walk Test functional tests. The plasma levels of IL-6 and TNF-α will be assessed by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) with high sensitivity kits (Quantikine®HS, R&D Systems Minneapolis, MN, U.S.). Knee extensor muscle strength will be assessed using the Byodex System 3 Pro

®
isokinetic dynamometer at angular speeds of 60 and 180°/s. The intervention will consist of strengthening exercises of the lower extremities at 50 to 70% of 1RM (maximal resistance) three times per week for ten weeks. The volunteers will be randomized into two groups: group E, the intervention group, and group C, the control group that did not initiate any new activities during the initial study period (ten weeks). After the initial period, group C will begin the intervention and group E will maintain everyday activities without exercising. At the end of the total study period, all volunteers will be reassessed.

Discussion
To demonstrate and discuss possible influences of load-bearing exercises on the modification of plasma levels of IL-6 and TNF-α and in the functional performance of pre-frail elderly women.

Trial Registration
ISRCTN62824599
Ilizarov treatment of humeral shaft nonunion in an antiepileptic drug patient with uncontrolled generalized tonic-clonic seizure activity
Authors: Sioros Vasileios S. , Lykissas Marios G. , Pafilas Dimitrios , Koulouvaris Panayiotis , Mavrodontidis Alexandros N. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractNonunion of the humeral shaft in patients with antiepileptic drug associated metabolic bone disorder constitute a challenging surgical problem difficult to treat due to seizure activity, osteoporosis, and poor stabilization options. We report a case of nonunion of the humeral shaft in an antiepileptic drug patient with uncontrolled generalized tonic-clonic seizure activity successfully treated with Ilizarov external fixator and a follow-up of 4 years.
Elevated anti-Zta IgG levels and EBV viral load are associated with site of tumor presentation in endemic Burkitt's lymphoma patients: a case control study
Authors: Asito Amolo S , Piriou Erwan , Odada Peter Sumba , Fiore Nancy , Middeldorp Jaap M , Long Carole , Dutta Sheetij , Lanar David E , Jura Walter GZO , Ouma Collins , Otieno Juliana A , Moormann Ann M , Rochford Rosemary 
Published: July 2010

Abstract

Background
Endemic Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) is an extranodal tumor appearing predominantly in the jaw in younger children while abdominal tumors predominate with increasing age. Previous studies have identified elevated levels of antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum schizont extracts and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) viral capsid antigens (VCA) in endemic BL relative to malaria exposed controls. However, these studies have neither determined if there were any differences based on the site of clinical presentation of the tumor nor examined a broader panel of EBV and P. falciparum antigens.

Methods
We used a suspension bead Luminex assay to measure the IgG levels against EBV antigens, VCA, EAd, EBNA-1 and Zta as well as P. falciparum MSP-1, LSA-1, and AMA-1 antigens in children with BL (n = 32) and in population-based age-and sex-matched controls (n = 25) from a malaria endemic region in Western Kenya with high incidence of BL. EBV viral load in plasma was determined by quantitative PCR.

Results
Relative to healthy controls, BL patients had significantly increased anti-Zta (p = 0.0017) and VCA IgG levels (p < 0.0001) and plasma EBV viral loads (p < 0.0001). In contrast, comparable IgG levels to all P. falciparum antigens tested were observed in BL patients compared to controls. Interestingly, when we grouped BL patients into those presenting with abdominal tumors or with jaw tumors, we observed significantly higher levels of anti-Zta IgG levels (p < 0.0065) and plasma EBV viral loads (p < 0.033) in patients with abdominal tumors compared to patients with jaw tumors.

Conclusion
Elevated antibodies to Zta and elevated plasma EBV viral load could be relevant biomarkers for BL and could also be used to confirm BL presenting in the abdominal region.
Novel proteins associated with risk for coronary heart disease or stroke among postmenopausal women identified by in-depth plasma proteome profiling
Authors: Prentice Ross L , Paczesny Sophie , Aragaki Aaron , Amon Lynn M , Chen Lin , Pitteri Sharon J , McIntosh Martin , Wang Pei , Buson Busald Tina , Hsia Judith , Jackson Rebecca D , Rossouw Jacques E , Manson JoAnn E , Johnson Karen , Eaton Charles , Hanash Samir M 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Background
Coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke were key outcomes in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) randomized trials of postmenopausal estrogen and estrogen plus progestin therapy. We recently reported a large number of changes in blood protein concentrations in the first year following randomization in these trials using an in-depth quantitative proteomics approach. However, even though many affected proteins are in pathways relevant to the observed clinical effects, the relationships of these proteins to CHD and stroke risk among postmenopausal women remains substantially unknown.

Methods
The same in-depth proteomics platform was applied to plasma samples, obtained at enrollment in the WHI Observational Study, from 800 women who developed CHD and 800 women who developed stroke during cohort follow-up, and from 1-1 matched controls. A plasma pooling strategy, followed by extensive fractionation prior to mass spectrometry, was used to identify proteins related to disease incidence, and the overlap of these proteins with those affected by hormone therapy was examined. Replication studies, using enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay (ELISA), were carried out in the WHI hormone therapy trial cohorts.

Results
Case versus control concentration differences were suggested for 37 proteins (nominal P < 0.05) for CHD, with three proteins, beta-2 microglobulin (B2M), alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 (ORM1), and insulin-like growth factor binding protein acid labile subunit (IGFALS) having a false discovery rate < 0.05. Corresponding numbers for stroke were 47 proteins with nominal P < 0.05, three of which, apolipoprotein A-II precursor (APOA2), peptidyl-prolyl isomerase A (PPIA), and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 4 (IGFBP4), have a false discovery rate < 0.05. Other proteins involved in insulin-like growth factor signaling were also highly ranked. The associations of B2M with CHD (P < 0.001) and IGFBP4 with stroke (P = 0.005) were confirmed using ELISA in replication studies, and changes in these proteins following the initiation of hormone therapy use were shown to have potential to help explain hormone therapy effects on those diseases.

Conclusions
In-depth proteomic discovery analysis of prediagnostic plasma samples identified B2M and IGFBP4 as risk markers for CHD and stroke respectively, and provided a number of candidate markers of disease risk and candidate mediators of hormone therapy effects on CHD and stroke.

Clinical Trials Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00000611
Reactions of aldehydes with chlorous acid and chlorite in chlorine dioxide bleaching
Authors: Lehtimaa Tuula , Kuitunen Susanna , Tarvo Ville , Vuorinen Tapani 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
The role of chlorine (III) compounds, i.e. chlorous acid (HClO2) and chlorite (ClO2
-), in chlorine dioxide bleaching were investigated by treating different pulps with Cl(III). It was discovered that in addition to its fully inorganic reactions, chlorous acid is consumed by organic structures present in the pulp. These structures were assumed to be aldehydes. The aldehydes might exist already in unbleached pulps, but chlorine dioxide bleaching was also found to generate new aldehyde groups. The reactive groups were concluded to originate both from carbohydrates and lignin.
Cure kinetics of PF/PVAc hybrid adhesive for manufacturing profiled wood-strand composites
Authors: Wang Yi , Yadama Vikram , Laborie Marie-Pierre , Bhattacharyya Debes 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
In thermoforming of profiled wood-strand composites, an adhesive system is needed to provide a weak initial bond to maintain mat integrity and architecture during the forming process and eventually a durable bond when the final cross-sectional shape is achieved. A hybrid adhesive composed of phenol formaldehyde (PF) and poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) is proposed in this study. The cure kinetics of this hybrid adhesive and bond development in a multi-step hot-pressing is discussed. Cure kinetics studied by differential scanning calorimetry indicated that adding PVAc slowed down the curing reaction of PF resin; however, the full cure of PF was not inhibited. The nth-order Borchardt Daniels (nth-BD) model provided good prediction for the curing of adhesives with a PF/PVAc ratio lower than 1:1. To simulate roll forming of wood-strand mats, a hot-pressing schedule at low temperature combined with multi-stage closing and opening was developed. The nth-BD model was able to predict the actual bond development for composites made with neat PF resin. The results indicated that cure kinetics of a PF/PVAc hybrid adhesive would not significantly differ from neat PF resin for blend ratios of 1:1 or lower, thus potentially providing a resin system for roll forming or matched-die forming of wood-strand composites.
Rheological Characterisation and Empirical Modelling of Lead-Free Solder Pastes and Isotropic Conductive Adhesive Pastes
Authors: Durairaj R. , Man Lam Wai , Ramesh S. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Solder pastes and isotropic conductive adhesives (ICAs) are widely used as an interconnect in the electronic industry. Paste printing process accounts for majority of the assembly defects in the electronic manufacturing industry. This study investigates the effect of shear rates on the viscosities of the pastes (solder pastes and ICAs) used for flip chip assembly. Empirical models such as the power law and the Cross model were used to quantify the viscosity over a range of shear rates for solder pastes and fit to the experimental data. The shear rate dependence viscosity of solder pastes could be used to study the flow behavior experienced by the pastes during the stencil printing process. From the results, viscosities of all three types of pastes were said to be dependence on shear rate. In a stencil printing process, as if the viscosity of the solder paste was too high, the paste might not wet the surface of the substrate and more energy was needed to force the paste penetrate the aperture. This study has revealed that the fitting of the Cross model is generally of better quality than the power law model because the qualitative behavior of the Cross model throughout the whole range of shear rates (0.001 s−1 to 100 s−1) is essentially the same as the experimental data.
Exploring a Link Between Fatigue and Intestinal Injury During Pelvic Radiotherapy
Authors: Jakobsson Sofie , Ahlberg Karin , Taft Charles , Ekman Tor 
Published: July 2010

Abstract

Background.
The association between cancer-related fatigue and pathological processes in the body is largely unknown. This study was designed to investigate a possible linkage between fatigue and intestinal injury during pelvic radiotherapy.

Methods.
Twenty-nine women undergoing pelvic radiotherapy for anal or uterine cancer were prospectively followed. Fatigue and diarrhea were assessed using patient self-reported questionnaires. Plasma citrulline concentration, as a sign of intestinal injury, and C-reactive protein, orosomucoid, albumin, α1-antitrypsin, and haptoglobin, as signs of systemic inflammation, were analyzed.

Results.
Fatigue increased significantly (p &lt; .001) and citrulline decreased significantly (p &lt; .001) during treatment. A significant negative correlation (r = −0.40; p &lt; .05) was found between fatigue and epithelial atrophy in the intestine (as assessed by plasma citrulline) after 3 weeks of treatment and a significant positive correlation (r = 0.75; p &lt; .001) was found between fatigue and diarrhea. Signs of systemic inflammation were evident, with significant increases in serum orosomucoid, serum haptoglobin (p &lt; .05) and serum α1-antitrypsin (p &lt; .001) and a significant decrease in serum albumin (p &lt; .001).

Conclusion.
The present study indicates a link between fatigue and intestinal injury during pelvic radiotherapy. This observation should be considered as a preliminary finding because of the small sample size but may serve as a rationale for therapeutic interventions aimed at alleviating both fatigue and gastrointestinal symptoms during pelvic radiotherapy.
Dry Weights and Germination of Developing Oat Seeds1
Authors: Frey K. J. , Ruan E. , Wiggans S. C. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisOat seeds reached a near‐maximum dry weight when they contained as high as 45% moisture. Very little dry matter was laid down after they dried to this moisture content. Germination increased with maturity up to 20 to 28 days after anthesis even though a few germinated when harvested 4 days after anthesis.A pregermination chilling treatment of oat seeds at 4° C. for 10 days considerably increased the germination of prematurely harvested seeds.
Birdsfoot Trefoil, Lotus corniculatus, Yield as Affected by Soil Properties1
Authors: Foy C. D. , Barber S. A. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisBirdsfoot trefoil yields obtained on 20 Indiana soils in a greenhouse experiment were significantly correlated with soil phosphorus test (0.75 N HCl extractable) and soil aggregation index. The positive correlation between yield and percent organic matter closely approached significance. Multiple correlation involving all three factors accounted for 58% of the yield variation between soil types.
Effect of Drying Upon the Amounts of Easily Extractable Potassium and Phosphorus in Nicollet Clay Loam1
Authors: Grava J. , Spalding G. E. , Caldwell A. C. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisAir and oven drying resulted in increases of exchangeable potassium over that extracted from field moist soil. The drying effects were greater in samples from unfertilized plots than in samples from plots receiving moderate and heavy potassium treatments. Air drying had only a slight effect on the extractable phosphorus.
Salinity Tolerance of Five Turfgrass Varieties
Authors: Lunt O. R. , Youngner V. B. , Oertli J. J. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisPuccinellia distans survived relatively well when grown with concentrations of 330 me. of soluble salts per liter of substrate. Seaside bentgrass and Alta Fescue survived relatively well at concentrations of 194 and 134 me. per liter, respectively, while Kentucky bluegrass and highland bentgrass survived relatively well at 74 me. per liter. Alta Fescue and Seaside bent germinated better than Kentucky blue or highland bent under moderately saline field conditions.
Water Retaining Capacity of Various Silage Additives and Silage Crops Under Pressure1
Authors: Dexter S. T. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisThe moisture retaining capacity per gram of dry matter in ground grains was found to be from 0.6 to 1.0 grams of water, depending upon the pressure (5 to 15 pounds per square inch) and the fineness of grinding. For ground corn cobs, the values were from about 1.6 to 2.1, and for hays, straws, corn stalks and sugarbeet pulp about 2.1 to 3.4 grams of water per gram of dry matter.
Factors Affecting the Rate of Release of Fertilizer from Capsules1
Authors: Ahmed I. U. , Attoe O. J. , Engelbert L. E. , Corey R. B. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisCapsulation of fertilizer with polyethylene film gave significant increases in yield of corn and recovery of N and P. Rate of release of fertilizer from capsules was directly related to temperature, number of pinholes per capsule, and vapor pressure lowering of water by the fertilizer, but, generally, was independent of the presence of the crop and of soil texture, soil moisture between 25 and 100% field moisture capacity, and leaching of the soil.
Estimation of a Common Nitrogen Response Function for Corn (Zea mays) in Different Crop Rotations1
Authors: Shrader W. D. , Fuller W. A. , Cady F. B. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe premise that corn yields, over wide ranges of cropping systems, differ only because of differences in available nitrogen was tested using the criterion of whether corn yields in long term rotation experiments could be estimated by a common nitrogen response curve. Data from two experiments in Iowa were analyzed. Rotation intensities varied from continuous corn to a rotation with three years of meadow. Nitrogen rates ranged from 0 to 160 pounds per acre per year. Experimental designs, rotations and treatments were somewhat different at the two sites, but at each the corn yields could be fitted to a common nitrogen response curve. With this model rotation effects were expressed in terms of nitrogen units. Estimates of nitrogen equivalents, in addition to that available to continuous corn, supplied by the different rotations ranged from 10 to 130 pounds per acre.
Shade Tolerance Studies on Bermudagrass and Other Turfgrasses1
Authors: McBee George G. , Holt E. C. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSeveral selections of bermudagrass and other turfgrass species were evaluated for turf quality characteristics under different levels of light intensity. Light levels of approximately 35, 60, and 100% and 25, 35, and 100% of incident light, respectively, were used in two independent studies.A variety of bermudagrass, ‘No‐Mow (FB‐137)’, exhibited exceptional tolerance to low light intensity. Turf quality of No‐Mow was better when grown under reduced light than when exposed to full sunlight. No‐Mow also exhibited more shade tolerance than Common St. Augustinegrass. Bermudagrass selection T‐135 showed some tolerance to shading but less than No‐Mow. Other grasses, including Pensacola bahiagrass, Meyer zoysia, and two additional varieties of bermudagrass, generally were unsatisfactory.
Productivity of 10‐Year‐Old Canned Forage Seeds1
Authors: Ching T. M. , Calhoun W. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractsSeeds of crimson clover and perennial ryegrass were conditioned to 6, 8, 12, 16 and 20% moisture, sealed in cans, and stored at 3, 22, and 38 C and in a wooden warehouse for 10 years. Only 17 samples maintained their high germinability. When these samples were compared with fresh seeds for forage and seed production, no significant difference was found between the old and fresh seeds.
Responses of Dairy Heifers to Crownvetch, Sericea Lespedeza, and Alfalfa Forages1
Authors: Burns J. C. , Mochrie R. D. , Cope W. A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractEarly reports, indicating lack of palatability and also the presence of toxic substances in crownvetch (Coronilla varia L.), have discouraged its use as a livestock feed. Crownvetch and sericea lespedeza [Lespedeza cuneata (Dumont) G. Don] were compared with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) for dry mater intake and daily gains by dairy heifers and for concentrations of volatile fatty acids, tannins, and total phenols in rumen fluid and blood.Experimental forages of crownvetch and alfalfa differed significantly in neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, lignin, and cellulose (structural constituents), but not in tannin or total phenol concentration. Sericea and alfalfa were similar in structural constituents, whereas tannin and total phenol concentrations in sericea were approximately three times those in alfalfa. When comparing crownvetch and sericea with alfalfa, in vitro dry dry matter disappearance (IVDMD) appeared depressed about equally by structural differences (crownvetch vs alfalfa, 15.8% units) and by tannin and phenol differences (sericea vs alfalfa, 14.2% units).Heifers consumed 7.5 kg/head/day of crownvetch, compared with 6.1 of alfalfa and 5.6 of sericea. The resulting daily gains were 0.98, 0.65, and 0.49 kg, respectively. The gains from crownvetch were good, and in agreement with expectations based on both intake and plant composition.The intake and gain data did not reflect the large depression in IVDMD obtained for sericea compared with alfalfa. This suggests that heifers adjusted more easily to changes in chemical inhibitors of digestion than they did to increases in the fibrous fraction.Volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations in the rumen fluid appeared to be a reflection of structural differences of the forages. Blood acetate levels were unaltered as a result of the hay fed. Tannin and total phenol levels were present in all rumen fluid samples, but tannins were not detectable in the blood.Crownvetch, which was readily consumed during this study, can be a desirable, nutritious forage for heifers.
Influence of a Disease Complex on Yield and Quality Components of Silage Corn1
Authors: Allinson D. W. , Washko W. W. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn 1969 severe leaf blighting was observed in hybrid corn (Zea mays L.) trials. This blight was attributed to Phyllosticta sp. and was accompanied in later stages by both stalk rots [Diplodia zeae (Schw.) Lev. and Gibberella zeae (Schw.) Petch] and European corn borers (Ostrinia nubilalis Hubner). In 1970 corn hybrids were affected by southern corn leaf blight (Helminthosporium maydis Nisik. and Miyake). Paired samples of diseased and relatively nondiseased plants were taken in both years, were fractionated, and were evaluated for quality components. The Phyllosticta sp.‐stalk rot disease complex reduced dry matter yields, while both percent cell wall constituents (CWC) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were significantly higher — and therefore cell solubles correspondingly lower in the diseased fractions compared to the nondiseased fractions. Similarly, nitrate‐N (NO3‐N) levels were significantly higher in the diseased fractions compared to the nondiseased fractions. When all fractions were compared, there was no significant difference between diseased and nondiseased samples on the basis of crude protein or in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD). In 1970 diseased fractions were significantly lower in percent crude protein and IVDMD and higher in percent acid detergent lignin, ADF, and CWC than nondiseased fractions.