bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photocatalytic Drug Degradation and Supercapacitor Applications of FeVO4 and rGO‐FeVO4 Nanocomposite
Authors: Neha  , Seo Young Soo , Nisar Sobia , Vijaya Kumar R. , Rambabu P. , Perugu Chandra S. , Banerjee S. , Das Pradip , Rabani Iqra , Turpu G. R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractConstructing novel multifunctional materials is a promising approach to boost the catalytic activity and electrochemical performance simultaneously. Herein, hydrothermal synthesized FeVO4 nanosized particles dispersed on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) through cost‐effective simple sonochemical assisted route are developed as an efficient material for photocatalysis activity and high‐value‐added supercapacitor applications. The synthesized materials were characterized for structural and morphological purity and found to be in single phase and nanostructured. rGO‐FeVO4 composite shows excellent photodegradation of Levofloxacin (LVO) drug (100 % over 80 min) compared with FeVO4 owing to the bandgap in visible region and larger surface area. Further, the optimized rGO‐FeVO4 composite was employed into supercapacitors and it showed 3 times higher capacitance (211.4 F/g at 0.5 A/g) compared with FeVO4 (70.4 F/g) using half‐cell measurements. Moreover, the developed symmetric supercapacitors (full cell; SSCs) using rGO‐FeVO4 composite device showed 109 F/g capacitance at 0.5 A/g current density having high energy density of 13.6 Wh/kg at the power density of 450 W/kg. The proposed rGO‐FeVO4 composite proved its multifunctional outcomes, which can open new opportunities to develop such materials for numerous future applications.
Synthesis of Selenium Derivatives using Organic Selenocyanates as Masked Selenols: Chemical Reduction with Rongalite as a Simpler Tool to give Nucleophilic Selenides
Authors: Castro‐Godoy Willber D. , Heredia Adrián A. , Bouchet Lydia M. , Argüello Juan E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe chemical reduction within a family of organic selenocyanates, as masked selenols, using reducing agents, such as Rongalite, sodium dithionite, and sodium thiosulfate is investigated. Using Rongalite, the corresponding diselenides were obtained quantitatively and selectively in very good to excellent yields (51–100 %) starting from alkyl, aryl, and benzyl selenocyanates. The scope of the reaction is unaffected by the electronic nature of the substituents. Furthermore, the reducing agent, Rongalite, is compatible with hydrolysable and reducing‐sensitive functional groups. Additionally, a simple methodology employing the in‐situ generated benzyl selenolate anion (PhCH2Se−) to promote aliphatic nucleophilic substitution, epoxide ring opening, and Michael addition reactions has been developed; thus, extending the structural diversity of the synthesized selenium derivatives.
Mouse Anesthesia and Analgesia
Authors: Schwartz Kenzie , Pacharinsak Cholawat 
Published: April 2024

AbstractProviding anesthesia and analgesia for mouse subjects is a common and critical practice in the laboratory setting. This practice is necessary for performing invasive procedures, achieving prolonged immobility for sensitive imaging modalities (magnetic resonance imaging, for instance), and providing intra‐ and post‐procedural pain relief. In addition to facilitating the procedures performed by the investigator, the provision of anesthesia and analgesia is crucial for the preservation of animal welfare and for humane treatment of animals used in research. Furthermore, anesthesia and analgesia are important components of animal use protocols reviewed by Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees, requiring careful consideration and planning for the particular animal model. In this article, we provide technical guidance for the investigator, covering the provision of anesthesia by two routes (injectable and inhalant), guidelines for monitoring anesthesia, current techniques for recognition of pain, considerations for administering preventative analgesia, and considerations for post‐operative care. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Injectable anesthesiaBasic Protocol 2: Inhalant anesthesiaBasic Protocol 3: Assessing pain
Germination patterns and seedling growth of congeneric native and invasive Mimosa species: Implications for risk assessment
Authors: Kharel Nisha , Dangol Anuj , Shrestha Ashmita , Airi Hemanti , Devkota Anjana , Thapa Lal Bahadur , Shrestha Bharat Babu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractComparisons of plant traits between native and invasive congeners are useful approaches for identifying characteristics that promote invasiveness. We compared germination patterns and seedling growth of locally sympatric populations of native Mimosa himalayana and two varieties of invasive M. diplotricha (var. diplotricha and var. inermis) growing in southeastern Nepal. Seeds were germinated under a 12‐h photoperiod or complete dark, low (25/15°C day/night) and high (30/20°C) temperatures, different water stress levels (0, −0.1, −0.25, −0.5, −0.75 and −1.0 MPa), and soil depths (0, 2, and 4 cm). Plant height, biomass allocations, and relative growth rate (RGR) of seedlings were measured. Invasive M. diplotricha had higher germination percentage, rate, and shorter germination time compared with the native species. Germination of both congeners declined as water stress increased, but the decline was more pronounced in native species. Seedling emergence declined with increasing depth in all taxa. The seedlings of invasive species were taller with higher leaf number and allocated greater proportion of biomass to shoot, whereas the native congener allocated greater biomass to root. The RGR was nearly twice as high in invasive species as it was in the native congener. Seedling height and number of leaves were always higher in invasive than in native species, and the native–invasive differences increased over time. Better germination and higher growth performance of invasive species than the congeneric native one suggests that seed germination and seedling growth can be useful traits for the prediction of species' invasiveness in their introduced range during risk assessment process.
Untangling the roles of centrality and environmental contribution in diversity patterns across spatial scales
Authors: Tornero Irene , Gascón Stéphanie , Cunillera‐Montcusí David , Sala Jordi , Compte Jordi , Quintana Xavier D. , Boix Dani 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe application of graph theory to metacommunity ecology allows a deeper analysis of the effect of network structure on diversity patterns. Here, we set out to test the role of network centrality metrics and environmental characteristics in diversity patterns of pond macroinvertebrate metacommunities. We tested two approaches to construct the networks: one used the percolation distance, whereas the other was based on a community‐contingent distance. The role of each patch within the network was then analyzed using its centrality value. Later, we analyzed the relationships between the macroinvertebrate diversity and centrality metrics for four study sites. The calculated diversity metrics cover different facets of biodiversity at two scales: pond and pondscape. Environmental characteristics of the studied ponds were also included. All relationships were tested considering the entire macroinvertebrate dataset, but also differentiated by dispersal mode (i.e., active vs. passive) and considering the two types of network approaches analyzed. The results were mostly consistent when comparing the network approaches used. Centrality metrics tended to be positively related to alpha and negatively to beta diversity. Environmental uniqueness showed a positive effect on beta diversity metrics, regardless of the dispersal mode. We only observed a weak negative relationship between eutrophication and species richness of active dispersers. Pond size showed a positive effect on both alpha and beta diversity, but was detected more frequently on alpha diversity metrics. We could not find evidence for a clear negative effect of habitat degradation on diversity. We found a greater importance of environmental characteristics versus the centrality metrics for both alpha and beta diversity of active dispersers, while a combination of their contributions for passive dispersers. An unexpected importance of centrality was observed for alpha diversity of passive dispersers. Using empirical data, we demonstrate that the centrality of a patch in an undirected network affects diversity regardless of the approach used to construct the networks, with a higher influence at local scale regardless of the dispersal mode. This study broadens knowledge of the relationships between environmental features and network centrality, demonstrating the important role of centrality as a determinant of diversity in metacommunities.
Activation/Cyclization of 2H‐Azirines and 3‐Amino‐2‐fluoropyridines Towards 2‐Aryl‐Pyrido[2,3‐b]pyrazines
Authors: Fortier Tess , Belouin Audrey , Vuillermet Frédéric , Bourret Joanick , Pelletier Guillaume 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe electrophilic activation of 2H‐azirines with triflic anhydride (Tf2O) for an addition/cyclization reaction producing 2‐aryl‐pyrido[2,3‐b]pyrazines regioselectively is described. This reaction proceeds via nucleophilic addition of 3‐amino‐2‐fluoropyridines onto 1‐trifloyl‐aziridin‐2‐yl triflates and subsequent cyclization via SNAr. Desulfonylation and oxidation provides a single regioisomer of the aza‐bicyclic heterocycle after treatment with Et3N. Optimization of the reaction conditions lead to a range of 2‐aryl‐pyrido[2,3‐b]pyrazines in isolated yields of 20 % to 60 %.
Iron‐Based Deep Eutectic Solvents: Key Players for Amide and Sulfonamide Synthesis and Alcohol Oxidation
Authors: Cicco Luciana , Urselli Sara , Favia Claudia , Perna Filippo Maria , Vitale Paola , Capriati Vito 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA sustainable protocol has been devised for the oxidation of activated secondary alcohols to their corresponding carbonyl compounds, as well as their utilization as selective mono‐alkylating reagents for both amide and arylsulfonamide derivatives. These reactions proceed smoothly and in good yields (up to 98 %) when conducted in Fe‐based deep eutectic solvents (DESs), which serve dual roles as solvents and catalysts. Operating under mild (40 °C) and aerobic conditions, these transformations are completed within a 4 h time frame. A pharmacologically relevant amide derivative, specifically a PMRT1 inhibitor, has also been successfully synthesized on a 3 g‐scale utilizing a reusable FeCl3 ⋅ 6H2O/glycerol Lewis acidic DES.
Coupling support technique for coal roadway under double gobs in close coal seams
Authors: Wu Xiaoyu , Nan Zhang , Chen Dongdong , Wu Xiaowei , Zhou Hao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the process of lower coal roadway support under double gobs in close coal seams, there are problems such as the whole destruction of the lower coal seam and the intermediate strata, the thin roof of the lower coal roadway with the smaller support space, the upper rock of the lower coal roadway without anchor bearing layer, the roof falling, the anchor cable offing, and so on. On the basis of the engineering background of No. 11103 haulage roadway in Fenxi coal mine, the research methods of theoretical modeling analysis, numerical simulation analysis and field engineering test are comprehensively adopted. In this paper, the layout of the roadway with floor insertion in the lower coal seam, the distribution characteristics of surrounding rock deviatoric stress, the control principle of broken surrounding rock and the coupling support method of shed–cable–prop are systematically studied. The study shows that many measures are needed to ensure the stability of the surrounding rock in the strong mining roadway of the lower coal seam. The lower coal seam roadway section was modified from the original rectangular section to adopt an arched section to counteract the broken roof. The staggered position of the lower coal seam roadway layout was modified from the original coal roadway position to a coal–rock roadway, so as to avoid the area of high deviatoric stress in the coal pillar and the area of crushed coal body, and to leave an effective support space for the roof. The support scheme of the lower coal seam roadway was improved to use anchor cable and single prop to support the weak section of U‐type steel shed with local coupling, and realize unequal force coupling by adjusting the size of the force at different coupling points. In the field monitoring the deformation of the roadway is small, and the support effect is good.
Chemical constituents and bioactivities of the essential oils of Magnolia biondii flower buds from three provinces in China
Authors: Li Tian‐Xiao , Li Li‐Peng , Zhang Da‐Yuan , Zhao Guo‐Liang , Liang Yong‐Wei , Jia Xue‐Wei , Guo Lei , Xu Chun‐Ping , Gao Xin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMagnolia biondii flower buds are a well‐known medicinal plant in China, and it is important to determine the differences in aroma, flavour components, and biological activity of the essential oils of M. biondii flower buds (EOM) from different origins. In this study, the essential oils of M. biondii flower buds from Sichuan (EOM‐SC), Anhui (EOM‐AH) and Henan (EOM‐HN) provinces were extracted by hydrodistillation. The condition of the extraction process was optimized. The differences in the flavour compounds were further confirmed by GC–MS and relative odour activity value (ROAV) analyses. In addition, the antibacterial and antioxidant activity was also evaluated. The results showed that the optimized condition for steam distillation was water: flower powder ratio = 10:1 with extraction time for more than 3.0 h. Interestingly, special floral, fruity and freshness flavours were found for EOM‐SC, and the medicinal herb and sweetness odours of EOM‐HN were more prominent. The numbers and contents of flavour compounds in EOM‐SC and EOM‐HN were higher than those of EOM‐AH. Eucalyptol, β‐pinene, linalool, α‐terpineol and sabinene could be proposed as the key mutual flavour compounds for three essential oils. In addition, the strong floral, fruity and freshness aroma of EOM‐SC could be associated with the high ROAVs of α‐terpineol, linalool and sabinene. Moreover, EOM‐SC exhibited better antibacterial and antioxidant activity than those of the other two essential oils.
An assessment of the nutritional status of internally displaced school children in the West and Littoral Regions of Cameroon
Authors: Ejoh Aba Richard , Nwachan Boh Mirabelle , Noumo Ngangmou Theirry 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMalnutrition remains a major public health challenge among children in developing countries, especially those experiencing civil wars and political unrest. It is imperative to ascertain the level of malnutrition, particularly in displaced children, to develop and effectively implement interventions. This study was a cross‐sectional survey conducted to assess the nutritional status of 657 internally displaced school‐aged children (5–15 years) enrolled in primary schools in the West and Littoral Regions of Cameroon. The height, weight, and mid‐upper arm circumference of the children were measured using standard measurements. Clinical examinations were also made on the children. Other parameters that affect nutritional status, such as morbidity and health‐seeking practices, were assessed using pre‐tested, structured interviewer questionnaires. An analysis of the data revealed that stunting was the most prevalent form of malnutrition (27.1%), followed by wasting (23%), thinness (21.6%), and underweight (20.1%). About 44.5% of the children had low serum iron, and 35.7% of them had poor protein status. The prevalence of anemia was 30.0%. The most common signs of protein, vitamin A, and iron deficiencies observed were thin, dry, or sparse hair (5.2%), pallor (7.3%), and xerosis (3.3%), respectively. About 32% of the children had been sick within the previous month of the study, and the most common illness was the common cold (19.8%). Most of them (>60%) had good health‐seeking practices. The high prevalence of stunting, wasting, thinness, underweight, anemia, protein, and iron deficiency calls for interventions such as nutrition education and supplementation to prevent malnutrition and diet‐related diseases among children.
A novel application of data‐consistent inversion to overcome spurious inference in genome‐wide association studies
Authors: Janani Negar , Young Kendra A. , Kinney Greg , Strand Matthew , Hokanson John E. , Liu Yaning , Butler Troy , Austin Erin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) typically use linear or logistic regression models to identify associations between phenotypes (traits) and genotypes (genetic variants) of interest. However, the use of regression with the additive assumption has potential limitations. First, the normality assumption of residuals is the one that is rarely seen in practice, and deviation from normality increases the Type‐I error rate. Second, building a model based on such an assumption ignores genetic structures, like, dominant, recessive, and protective‐risk cases. Ignoring genetic variants may result in spurious conclusions about the associations between a variant and a trait. We propose an assumption‐free model built upon data‐consistent inversion (DCI), which is a recently developed measure‐theoretic framework utilized for uncertainty quantification. This proposed DCI‐derived model builds a nonparametric distribution on model inputs that propagates to the distribution of observed data without the required normality assumption of residuals in the regression model. This characteristic enables the proposed DCI‐derived model to cover all genetic variants without emphasizing on additivity of the classic‐GWAS model. Simulations and a replication GWAS with data from the COPDGene demonstrate the ability of this model to control the Type‐I error rate at least as well as the classic‐GWAS (additive linear model) approach while having similar or greater power to discover variants in different genetic modes of transmission.
Predicting the overall survival and progression‐free survival of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients based on hemoglobin, albumin, and globulin ratio and classical clinicopathological parameters
Authors: Chen Zui , Ling Jie , Zhang Sujuan , Feng Yuhua , Xie Yangchun , Liu Xianling , Hou Tao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundSerum biomarkers have a significant impact on the prediction of treatment outcomes in patients diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The primary aim of this study was to develop and validate a nomogram that incorporates hemoglobin, albumin, and globulin ratio (HAGR) and clinical data to accurately forecast treatment outcomes in patients with NPC.MethodsA total of 796 patients diagnosed with NPC were included in the study.ResultsThe results of the multivariate Cox analysis revealed that TNM stage and HAGR were found to be significant independent prognostic factors for OS and PFS. Furthermore, the utilization of the nomogram demonstrated a significant improvement in the evaluation of OS, PFS compared with the eighth TNM staging system. Additionally, the implementation of Kaplan–Meier curves and decision curve analysis curves further confirmed the discriminability and clinical effectiveness of the nomogram.ConclusionsThe HAGR, an innovative prognostic factor grounded in the realm of immunonutrition, has emerged as a promising prognostic marker for both OS and PFS in individuals afflicted with NPC.
The efficacy and safety of Nigella sativa in the management of osteoarthritis: A systematic review
Authors: Mousavi Seyed Ehsan , Noori Maryam , Marandi Hanieh , Fazlollahi Asra , Nejadghaderi Seyed Aria , Rahmani Shayan , Noordoost Mahdi , Karamzad Nahid , Sullman Mark J. M. , Kolahi Ali‐Asghar , Safiri Saeid 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsOsteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common debilitating diseases among the aging population. Nigella sativa is one potential treatment for OA. Here, we sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Nigella sativa for treating patients with OA.MethodsPubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were searched up to October 20, 2022. The primary outcome was changes in the pain score after receiving Nigella sativa or control agents based on the results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The secondary outcome was set as the frequency of adverse events reported during the follow‐up period.ResultsSix RCTs involving a total of 370 patients with knee OA were included in the present systematic review. Among the four screened studies, the topical administration of Nigella sativa oil was found to be more effective than the placebo in relieving pain in three trials. Additionally, the oral use of Nigella sativa oil was assessed in two trials, and an improvement in pain score relative to placebo was documented in only one of the studies. Also, the trial that evaluated the effectiveness of Nigella sativa oral capsules did not demonstrate any difference in pain reduction between the intervention and placebo groups. Overall, either topical or oral administration of Nigella sativa was well tolerated, and no serious adverse events were reported.ConclusionNigella sativa is generally safe, but conflicting findings from low‐quality studies hinder the ability to make clinical recommendations for or against treating OA. Robust trials are needed for informed decisions.
Investigation of Epstein–Barr virus, Cytomegalovirus, Human herpesvirus 6, and Polyoma viruses (JC virus, BK virus) among Gastric cancer patients: A cross sectional study
Authors: Soltani Saber , Farahani Abbas , Shahbahrami Ramin , Shateri Zainab , Emadi Mohammad Saeid , Pakzad Reza , Lotfi Maryam , Asanjarani Behzad , Rasti Arezoo , Erfani Yousef , Siri Goli 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsGastric cancer is a significant global issue with a high death rate. This malignancy could be associated with several viral agents such as EBV, CMV, HHV‐6, JCV, and BKV.ObjectiveEvaluation of EBV, CMV, HHV‐6 ,and JCV, BKV frequency among gastric cancer patients.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, a total number of 60 gastric cancer specimens (32 male, 28 female) were retrieved from the pathology lab. Formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissue was used for molecular testing. DNA was extracted from samples, according to protocol, and used for PCR reaction. Polymerase chain reactions were used to assess CMV, EBV, HHV‐6, JCV, and BKV frequency.Results and ConclusionThe mean age of the participants was 61 years and 53.3% (32) of the participants were Male. A total number of 5 samples (8.34%) were infected with viral agents. Four male gastric samples were infected with EBV (6.67%) and only one female sample contained the BKV genome (1.67%). Totally 8.34% of the samples were infected with EBV and BKV. The CMV, HHV‐6, and JCV genome was not detected in the samples. In conclusion, the presence of two viral agents including EBV and BKV among male and female samples respectively, and the genome of other viruses were not detected.