bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opportunities for targeted therapies: trametinib as a therapeutic approach to canine oral squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Peralta Santiago , Katt William , Balkman Cheryl , Butler Scott , Carney Patrick , Todd-Donato Amy , Drozd Matthew , Duhamel Gerald , Fiani Nadine , Ford Jordan , GRENIER JENNIFER , Hayward Jessica , Heikinheimo Kristiina , Hume Kelly , Moore Elizabeth , Puri Rishi , Sylvester Skylar , Warshaw Sydney , Webb Suzin , White Andrew , Wright Alexandra , Cerione Richard 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Oral tumors are relatively common in dogs, and canine oral squamous cell carcinoma (COSCC) is the most prevalent oral malignancy of epithelial origin. COSCC is locally aggressive with up to 20% of patients showing regional or distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis. The treatment of choice most typically involves wide surgical excision. Although long-term remission is possible, treatments are associated with significant morbidity and can negatively impact functionality and quality of life. OSCCs have significant upregulation of the RAS-RAF-MEK-MAPK signaling axis, and we had previously hypothesized that small-molecule inhibitors that target RAS signaling might effectively inhibit tumor growth and progression. Here, we demonstrate that the MEK inhibitor trametinib, an FDA-approved drug for human cancers, significantly blocks the growth of several COSCC cell lines established from current patient tumor samples. We further show clinical evidence that the drug is able to cause significant tumor regression in some patients with spontaneously occurring COSCC. Given the limited treatment options available and the high rate of owner rejection of these offered options, these findings provide new hope that more acceptable treatment options may soon enter the veterinary clinic.
Effect of Different Iron-Folic Acid (IFA) Formulations, Doses, and Frequencies on Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes compared to Multiple Micronutrients (MMN) among Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Srivast Manyata , Gulia Annu , Upadhyay Ashish Datt , Patel Kamalesh Kumar , Sankar Mari Jeeva , Sinha Anju , Kumar Pradeep 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Iron-Folic Acid (IFA) supplementation during pregnancy is widely recommended to prevent maternal anemia and improve birth outcomes. However, the optimal formulation, dose, and frequency of IFA supplementation remain uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of different IFA formulations, doses, and frequencies on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes compared to Multiple Micronutrients (MMN) among pregnant women.Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and TRIP databases to identify pertinent studies published up to December 31st, 2023. Outcome measures includes preterm birth (PTB), stillbirths, low birth weight (LBW), small for gestational age (SGA), miscarriage rate (MR), neonatal mortality, and perinatal mortality. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and the quality of evidence was assessed using GRADEpro.Results: Among 20 studies comparing IFA to MMN, our analysis showed elevated risk of stillbirth (RR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.17), SGA (RR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.05) and LBW (RR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.12) associated with IFA. However, non-significant risk of PTB (RR: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.98 to 1.16) and MR (RR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.88 to 1.09) was observed with IFA as compared to MMN. Neonatal mortality and perinatal mortality also did not significantly differ between the two groups. Certain formulations and doses showed trend of risk, particularly in relation to PTB and stillbirth.Conclusions: Our findings emphasize the importance of carefully considering the potential risks and benefits of IFA supplementation in pregnancy, and suggest the need for further research to elucidate the underlying mechanisms driving these associations and to optimize supplementation strategies for maternal and neonatal health.
Combination of intravoxel incoherent motion histogram parameters and clinical characteristics for predicting response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation in Rectal Cancer
Authors: Yang Ao , Lin Li-Bo , Xu Hao , Chen Xiao-Li , Zhou Peng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective To explore the value of histogram parameters derived from intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) for predicting response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT) in patients with rectal cancer. Methods 112 patients diagnosed with rectal cancer who underwent IVIM-DWI before nCRT were enrolled in this study, and true diffusion coefficient (D), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*), and microvascular volume fraction (f) calculated from IVIM, together with the histogram parameters were recorded. The patients were divided into the pathological complete response (pCR) group and the non-pCR group according to the tumor regression grade (TRG) system. We also divided the patients into low T stage (yp T0-2) and high T stage (ypT3-4) according to the pathologic T stage (ypT stage). Univariate logistic regression analysis was implemented to select independent risk factors, including clinical characteristics and IVIM histogram parameters, and the models for Clinical, Histogram, and Combined Clinical and Histogram were generated respectively by using multivariable binary logistic regression analysis for predicting pCR. The area under the Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUCs) were used to compare the diagnostic performance among the three models. Results The values of D_ kurtosis, f_mean, and f_ median were significantly higher in the pCR group (n = 24) compared with the non-pCR group. The value of D*_ entropy was significantly lower in the pCR group compared with the non-pCR group. The values of D_ kurtosis, f_mean, and f_ median were significantly higher in the low T stage group (n=37) compared with the high T stage group. The value of D*_ entropy was significantly lower in the low T stage group compared with the high T stage group (allp < 0.05). ROC curves demonstrated that the Combined Clinical and Histogram model had the best diagnostic performance in predicting the pCR patients with optimal AUCs, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy (0.916, 83.33%, 85.23%, and 84.82%, respectively). Conclusions IVIM histogram parameters which combined with clinical characteristics showed promising prospects in predicting the pCR patients before surgery.
Comparison of Case-Based and Lecture-Based Learning in Dental Fluorosis Education with Visual Analog Scale Assessment
Authors: Wang Man , Liang Shanshan , Jiang Tao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to compare the impact of case-based learning (CBL) versus lecture-based learning (LBL) on dental students' clinical decision-making regarding DF severity using Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scoring
Methods:
Eighty first-year graduate dental students were randomly assigned to either the CBL (n=38) or LBL (n=42) groups. Both groups received instruction on DF diagnosis, with CBL involving small group sessions analyzing real cases and LBL involving traditional lectures. Effectiveness was assessed by presenting 32 dental fluorosis cases with Thylstrup-Fejerskov Index (TSIF) scores ranging from 0 to 7 through slide presentations to both groups for VAS assessment. Five evaluators of each group randomly selected were asked to repeat the rating 2 weeks later. Statistical analysis included two-way ANOVA for group and gender differences, intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) for reliability, and Spearman correlation coefficients for validity.
Results:
Variations in VAS scores were observed between CBL and LBL groups, with no significant gender impact. Excellent inter- and intra-evaluator agreement was found for VAS scoring in both groups, indicating its reliability. Validation against established indices (such as DI and TSIF) demonstrated strong correlations, with CBL students exhibiting higher correlations.
Conclusions:
CBL enhances students' clinical decision-making and proficiency in DF diagnosis, as evidenced by more consistent and accurate VAS scoring compared to LBL. These findings highlight the importance of innovative educational strategies in dental curricula, with implications for improving training quality and clinical outcomes.
The alleviating effect on the growth, chlorophyll synthesis, and biochemical defense system in sunflower seedlings under cadmium stress achieved through foliar application of humic acid
Authors: Wang Xi , Zhang Jinghui , Shen Jie , Zhang Linran , Wei Peipei , Liu Ake , Song Huifang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: With the progress of industrialization and urbanization, cadmium (Cd) pollution in farmland is increasingly severe, greatly impacting both the ecological environment and human health. Consequently, sunflowers possess high resistance to Cd stress and great potential for phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil. Previous studies have shown that humic acid (HA) effectively mitigates plant damage induced by Cd; however, its alleviating effects on sunflower seedlings under Cd stress remain largely unknown.
Results: In this study, we used four different concentrations of HA (50, 100, 200, and 300 mg/L) to investigate the effects of Cd stress on sunflower seedlings' growth, chlorophyll synthesis, and biochemical defense system through foliar spraying. The results revealed that Cd stress not only reduced plant height, stem diameter, fresh and dry weight, and chlorophyll content in sunflower seedlings but also altered their chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics compared to the control group. After Cd stress, the photosynthetic structure was damaged and the number of PSII reactive centers per unit changed. Application of 200 mg/L HA promotes sunflower seedling growth and increases chlorophyll content. HA significantly enhances antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, POD, CAT, and APX) and reduces ROS content (O2-, H2O2 and - OH).
Conclusion: The foliar spraying of 200 mg/L HA was found to be the most effective in alleviating Cd stress in sunflower seedlings, improving light energy utilization and antioxidant enzyme activities, while reducing ROS contents. These results may provide a theoretical basis for using HA to alleviate Cd stress in sunflowers.
Altered Expression of microRNAs Implicated in Hematopoietic Dysfunction in the Extracellular Vesicles of Bone Marrow-Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Aplastic Anemia
Authors: Srivast Jyotika , Kundal Kavita , Rai Bhuvnesh , Saxena Pragati , Tripathy Naresh , Gupta Ruchi , Yadav Sanjeev , Kumar Rahul , Nityanand Soniya , Chaturvedi Chandra Prakash 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Recently, we have reported that extracellular vesicles (EVs) from the bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSC) of aplastic anemia (AA) patients inhibit hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) proliferative and colony-forming ability and promote apoptosis. One mechanism by which AA BM-MSC EVs might contribute to these altered HSPC functions is through microRNAs (miRNAs) encapsulated in EVs. However, little is known about the role of BM-MSC EVs derived miRNAs in regulating HSPC functions in AA. Therefore, we performed miRNA profiling of EVs from BM-MSC of AA (n = 6) and normal controls (NC) (n = 6), to identify differentially expressed miRNAs carried in AA BM-MSC EVs. DEseq2 analysis identified 34 significantly altered mature miRNAs in AA BM-MSC EVs. Analysis of transcriptome dataset of AA HSPC genes identified that 235 differentially expressed HSPC genes were targeted by these 34 EV miRNAs. The pathway enrichment analysis of 235 HSPC genes revealed their involvement in pathways associated with cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, and hematopoiesis regulation, thus highlighting that AA BM-MSC EV miRNAs could potentially contribute to impaired HSPC functions in AA.
Is inferior border osteotomy beneficial in bilateral sagittal split osteotomy? A retrospective clinical study
Authors: Topan Cihan , Bilge Suheyb , Demirbas Ahmet Emin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
To investigate the effect of lower border osteotomy on the lingual split pattern and inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) in bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO).
Materials and Methods
The study comprised 32 patients (64 operated sides) who underwent BSSO due to dentofacial abnormalities. In the mandible, 32 sides (the conventional group) received standard BSSO surgery, while 32 sides (the modified group) additionally received lower border osteotomy. The split difficulty of the mandible, the lingual split pattern, and the recovery status of the IAN were evaluated.
Results
Mandibular split difficulty showed a statistically significant difference favoring the modified group (p = 0.032). The mean numbness level of the modified group following surgery was lower than that of the conventional group (p = 0.019). Although there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding lingual fracture pattern, the rate of type 1 fracture was higher in the modified group (p = 0.089).
Conclusion
The additional lower border osteotomy makes the split procedure easier. The modification resulted in an increased incidence of type 1 lingual fracture pattern. The neurosensory recovery capacity of the IAN in the postoperative period is higher in modified group.
Influence mechanism of grinding surface quality of 20CrMnTi steel on contact failure
Authors: Wang Long , Yang Lijun , Wang Liuying , Tang Xiujian , Liu Gu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

To reveal the influence mechanism of the grinding surface quality of 20CrMnTi steel components on the tribological characteristics and contact fatigue performance, accelerated tests for sliding friction wear and fatigue damage were carried out, and the damage morphology characteristics were analyzed. Tribological characteristics and contact fatigue performance get worse with increasing surface roughness while getting better with increasing surface microhardness. The surface roughness affects the contact conditions of micromorphology and hydrodynamic lubrication, while the microhardness enhances the plastic deformation resistance. Residual compressive stress is conducive to inhibiting the initiation and propagation of cracks and promoting contact fatigue performance. Additionally, a competing failure mechanism is formed under the synergistic effect of frictional wear and contact fatigue failure, in which various phenomena (mechanical friction, abrasive wear, adhesive wear, and fatigue damage) co-exist. Mechanical friction leads to deformation folding and local stress concentrations, resulting in the generation of microcracks, which propagate along the direction parallel to the contact surface to form pitting. The stress concentration at the edge of micro-pitting pits would further induce the number and propagation length of micro-cracks to increase rapidly, prompting the occurrence of a large area of spalling in the shallow layer. This study is more beneficial to promote the 20CrMnTi steel transmission parts manufacturing products for high precision, low damage, and long life.
Construction of Colorectal Cancer Prognostic Model Utilizing Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism-Related Genes
Authors: Zhu Peng , Wang Kai , Sun Guo Ping , Yang Zheng Hui 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The objective of this study was to construct a prognostic model and medicine therapeutic response by utilizing mitochondrial energy metabolism-related genes (MMRGs), thus establishing a risk score for colorectal cancer (CRC). Based on the TCGA-CRC and GEO data set, MMRGs expression levels were identified by clustering analysis. 10 differential expression genes were used to construct RiskScore by Cox regression. GSE 39582 data set was used for validation. The clinical characteristics,survival characteristics,SNV,CNV,methylation, immune features, and potential benefits of chemotherapy drugs were analyzed for two risk groups. RiskScore was constructed based on the genes ACOX1, ATP6V1G2, COX7A1, CPT2, DLAT, ECGS1, ECI2, NDUFA1, PPA2, and SUCLG2. Patients in the low risk group exhibited a superior overall survival. In addition, Univariate Cox regression analysis and Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the risk score, stage and lymphatic invasion can serve as the independent prognostic factors.Trametinib exhibited positive correlations between IC50 values and MMRGs expression levels,which may be more sensitive to chemotherapy drugs. Mitochondrial Energy -Related Genes was a promising biomarker that can be used to distinguish CRC prognosis, immune features, and sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs.
A Theoretical Study About Naturally Occurring Saponin (Oleanolic Acid) as Possible Inhibitor of Pfn2
Authors: Cárdenas-Pillco Berly , Cabrera-del-Carpio Zunilda N. , Quispe Lina G. , Nuñez-Zevallos Gladys E. , Chamorro Eduardo , Gómez Badhin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) has a high mortality rate and has recently involved human profilin II (Pfn2), an actin-binding protein promoter of its invasiveness and progression. This work evaluated the binding affinity of oleanolic acid (Naturally Occurring Saponin) over Pfn2 and its structural stability. QM and MM techniques were applied to perform geometrical optimization and calculation of the reactive sites from Oleanolic Acid, whereas molecular docking and MD simulations for protein-ligand interaction under physiological conditions. Oleanolic acid saponin showed a high binding affinity to the Pfn2 PLP-binding site. Analysis of the protein-ligand structure suggests saponin as a molecule with high potential for developing new drugs against Pfn2 in colorectal cancer cells.
Clinical Association Between Hemogram and Oral Health Status in COVID-19: A Retrospective Study on Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Ding Yueping , Li Biyao , Bao Lingxian , Xu Shucheng , Pan Yingge , Gu Mengjia , Yan Jiamin , Wang Yiqi , Chen Qiuqiu , Zhu Ping , Fang Lexin , Tsoi James Kit-Hon , Wang Shuhua 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

AIM
To assess the correlation between fundamental oral health status and the COVID-19 development process and predict the evolving risk in severe cases.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This prospective study included 69 hospitalized COVID-19 patients with an average age of 87 years. The DMFT, gingival index (GI), and number of missing teeth were examined to represent the oral health status. Three time-point blood parameters (admission, mid-course, and discharge) were selected to evaluate the development of COVID-19. Associations between oral health status, blood parameters, and comorbidities were calculated using a single-factor analysis, and a nomogram was built using all variables and CT image findings by lasso regression.
RESULTS
The number of missing teeth and DMFT results were inversely correlated with inflammatory biomarkers. Conversely, other poor oral health indicators, including caries, GI, and tooth mobility, were positively associated with COVID-19 hematologic and inflammatory biomarkers. Moreover, D-dimer was the most essential predictor in the nomogram, and the number of missing teeth and DMFT were negatively correlated with severity risk.
CONCLUSION
Poor oral health status may lead to severe COVID-19. In particular, the initial CRP level and diffuse type in CT and DMFT were the most meaningful factors associated with severe development.
N-glycosylation of envelope glycoprotein gI is crucial for the duck plague virus proliferation and virulence
Authors: Cheng Anchun , Ning Yaru , Wang Mingshu , Yang Qiao , Tian Bin , Ou Xumin , Sun Di , He Yu , Wu Zhen , Zhao Xinxin , Zhang Shaqiu , Wu Ying , Huang Juan , Yu Yanling , Zhang Ling , Jia Renyong , Liu Mafeng , Zhu Dekang , Chen Shun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Duck plague virus (DPV) causes highly pathogenic duck plague, and the envelope glycoprotein gI, as one of the key virulence genes, has not yet had its critical virulence sites identified through screening. In this study, reverse genetics technology was utilized to specifically target the gI protein within the genome of the DPV. Four mutant strains of DPV with mutations in the N-glycosylation sites of the gI protein were designed and constructed, and these mutant strains were successfully rescued. Our results confirmed that three asparagine residues (N69, N78, and N265) of gI are N-glycosylation sites, and Western blot analysis substantiated that the glycosylation at each predicted N-glycosylation site was compromised. The deglycosylation of gI results in the misfolding of the protein and its consequent retention in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). For the subsequent intracellular transport of gI within duck embryonic fibroblasts (DEFs), the carrying effect of its interacting protein gE is essential. Compared to the parental virus, the mutated virus exhibits a reduced intercellular transmission capability to 66.3%. In ducks, the deglycosylation of gI significantly reduces the replication of DPV in vivo, thereby impairing the virulence of DPV. This research marks the first successful generation of an attenuated DPV strain through targeted mutations at the N-glycosylation sites. The findings provide a foundational understanding of DPV pathogenesis and offer a basis for the development of live attenuated vaccines against the disease.
Nonlinear Superposition and Composite Solution Formula for the Generalized (2+1)-Dimensional Variable-Coefficient Fifth-Order KdV Equation
Authors: Zhang Xiaole , Bao Taogetusang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In this article, we employ the Bell polynomial method to construct its bilinear form, bilinear Bäcklund transformation, Lax pair, the integrability, infinite conservation laws and superposition formula of the generalized (2 + 1)-dimensional variable-coefficient fifth-order KdV equation, which can help us get more properties, increase the diversity of solutions and get more new phenomenon. It applies the Lax pairs to test the complete integrability of the generalized (2 + 1) -dimensional variable-coefficient fifth-order KdV equation. According to the obtained bilinear Bäcklund transformation, infinite conservation laws and nonlinear superposition formula are derived. By using the nonlinear superposition formula of the solution, the double soliton solution is obtained from the single soliton solution of the equation. Utilizing a symbolic computation approach, we get the Lump solution and exponential of compound solution, breather-type solution and rouge wave solution with appropriate values of constant coefficients. The generalized (2 + 1)-dimensional variable - coefficient fifth-order KdV equation analyses the evolution of long waves with modest amplitudes propagating in plasma physics and the motion of waves in fluids and other mediums. Moreover, dusty plasma, oceanography, water engineering, and other nonlinear sciences.
Molecular identification of hyaluronate lyase, not hyaluronidase, as an intrinsic hyaluronan-degrading enzyme in Clostridium perfringens
Authors: Hashimoto Wataru , Kumon Tomoya , Oiki Sayoko 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Clostridium perfringens, an opportunistic pathogen in the human intestine, causes gas gangrene by producing various toxins. A clostridial enzyme degrading the host extracellular matrix hyaluronan (HA) has been considered a critical virulence factor as mu-toxin hyaluronidases including endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidases (Nags). Here we show that, distinct from Nags, hyaluronate lyase (HysA) is an intrinsic HA-degrading enzyme. C. perfringens (ATCC 13124) was found to assimilate host-derived extracellular mucosubstances, HA and mucin, which induced expression of the HA-related genetic cluster, including hysA, but repressed nag genes. The recombinant C. perfringens HysA showed an HA-degrading activity toward HA through β-elimination reaction. The HA-degrading enzyme in the culture supernatant of C. perfringens exhibited the lyase activity and was identical to the recombinant HysA on the native-PAGE gel, followed by activity straining. These results demonstrated that the intrinsic HA-degrading enzyme of C. perfringens is hyaluronate lyase HysA, but not hyaluronidases NagH, NagJ, and NagK.