bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causality between serum uric acid and diabetic microvascular complications - a mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wu Hongli , Li Xuefeng , Zhang Wenning , Peng Huifang , Jiang Hongwei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to investigate whether a causal relationship exists between serum uric acid (SUA) and diabetic microvascular complications using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method.

Methods
We used the MR approach, utilizing genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics, to estimate the causal effect of SUA on diabetic microvascular complications in European individuals. The summary statistical data of SUA were obtained from the open database (IEU OPEN GWAS PROJECT) (p < 5 × 10− 8), and data on diabetic microvascular complications (diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic retinopathy) were obtained from the FinnGen consortium. F-statistics were calculated to assess the correlation between instrumental variables (IVs) and SUA, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with confounders or outcomes were excluded by consulting the PhenoScanner database. Inverse variance weighting (IVW) was used for primary estimation, and MR‒Egger, weighted median (WM), and Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residuals sum and outliers (MR-PRESSO) were used for additional assessment. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran’s Q test, and polytropy was assessed using the MR‒Egger intercept.

Results
MR analysis revealed a causal relationship between a genetically predicted increase in SUA and diabetic nephropathy [OR = 1.32, 95%(CI) = 1.07–1.63, p = 0.008]. The results were consistent with those after MR-PRESSO [OR = 1.30, 95%(CI) = 1.07–1.58, p = 0.008]. There was a causal relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and renal complication IVW [OR = 1.27, 95%(CI) = 1.00–1.62, p = 0.049]. These results were consistent with those after MR-PRESSO [OR = 1.27, 95%(CI) = 1.00–1.62, p = 0.050]. There was no significant causal relationship between the genetically predicted increase in SUA and diabetic retinopathy [OR 1.09, 95%(CI) = 0.94–1.26, p = 0.249] or diabetic neuropathy [OR = 1.08, 95%(CI) = 0.84–1.40, p = 0.549].

Conclusions
This MR analysis suggests a causal relationship between genetically predicted uric acid increases and diabetic microvascular complications. A significant causal relationship exists between SUA and diabetic nephropathy but not between SUA and diabetic retinopathy or diabetic neuropathy.
Metabolomic screening of anti-inflammatory compounds in Acanthopanax sessiliflorus fruit (Ogaza) extract
Authors: Kim Gyoung-Deuck , Lee Jiho , Auh Joong-Hyuck 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the anti-inflammatory compounds in Ogaza, Acanthopanax sessiliflorus fruit, and their extracts using metabolomic screening. Ogaza extracts were obtained in various solvents, such as 70% ethanol, 70% methanol, and water. The anti-inflammatory activity was estimated by evaluating nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells treated with the extracts. The 70% ethanol extract (EO) showed the most effective anti-inflammatory activity, inhibiting nitric oxide production by approximately 50% and downregulating iNOS expression. The 70% ethanol extract was further fractionated into three partial subfractions by preparative LC to identify the anti-inflammatory compounds. Assessment of the anti-inflammatory activity of each subfraction revealed that the third subfraction (E-F3) showed the highest inhibitory activity against nitric oxide. E-F3 effectively suppressed iNOS expression. Subsequently, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and multivariate statistical analyses were performed to identify the compounds that significantly contributed to the anti-inflammatory activity of the Ogaza extract. Fourteen and 16 compounds in the negative- and positive-ion modes, respectively, were identified as significant constituents of Ogaza. Compounds like quercetin, hyperoside, acanthoside D, oleanolic acid, and scopoletin were identified as potential anti-inflammatory components in Ogaza extract. This study characterized the functional properties of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus fruit and indicated the possibility that other compartments of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus may also serve as natural sources of nutraceuticals.
Spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of cultural heritage sites and their relationship with natural and cultural environment in the northern Fujian, China
Authors: Chu Deping , Huang Chengkun , Lin Feiyang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
China’s northern Fujian, as one of the spatial carriers of renowned traditional Chinese cultures such as Minyue, Zhu Xi’s Neo-Confucianism, tea, and porcelain, has preserved a wealth of tangible cultural relics, showcasing a profound cultural heritage and possessing strong research value and development potential. This study employs GIS spatial statistical analysis and map visualization technology to unveil the evolutionary processes of cultural heritage sites in northern Fujian, focusing on their spatial types, forms, and densities across different historical periods. Based on this foundation, the research further delves into the intrinsic relationships between the spatial distribution characteristics of cultural heritage sites in northern Fujian during various historical periods and the local natural and cultural environment. The results indicate that: (1) the spatial distribution of cultural heritage sites in northern Fujian varies across different historical periods, with the highest concentration and quantity observed during the Ming and Qing periods. In contrast, the Qin, Han, Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties period exhibits the lowest quantity and a more dispersed distribution. (2) Cultural heritage sites in northern Fujian are mainly distributed in the relatively flat terrain below 400 m above sea level, including middle to low-altitude mountain basins, river valleys, and low hills. In terms of distance from rivers, cultural heritage sites exhibit a clear distribution pattern along rivers, with a large number of them located within 0–6 km from the riverbanks. (3) The spatial distribution of cultural heritage sites in northern Fujian is influenced not only by macro-environmental factors such as topography, altitude, and rivers but also by micro-shaping from social and cultural elements like Minyue culture, tea and porcelain ancient road culture, Zhu Xi’s Neo-Confucianism culture, religious beliefs and customs culture, and red revolutionary culture across different historical periods. This study contributes to the establishment of a model correlating cultural heritage sites with historical periods and provides an interdisciplinary methodological framework to understand the relationship between cultural heritage sites and the geographical environment.
Recently developed radiopharmaceuticals for bacterial infection imaging
Authors: Kahts Maryke , Summers Beverley , Gutta Aadil , Pilloy Wilfrid , Ebenhan Thomas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Infection remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality, regardless of advances in antimicrobial therapy and improved knowledge of microorganisms. With the major global threat posed by antimicrobial resistance, fast and accurate diagnosis of infections, and the reliable identification of intractable infection, are becoming more crucial for effective treatment and the application of antibiotic stewardship. Molecular imaging with the use of nuclear medicine allows early detection and localisation of infection and inflammatory processes, as well as accurate monitoring of treatment response. There has been a continuous search for more specific radiopharmaceuticals to be utilised for infection imaging. This review summarises the most prominent discoveries in specifically bacterial infection imaging agents over the last five years, since 2019.

Main body
Some promising new radiopharmaceuticals evaluated in patient studies are reported here, including radiolabelled bacterial siderophores like [68Ga]Ga-DFO-B, radiolabelled antimicrobial peptide/peptide fragments like [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-UBI29-41, and agents that target bacterial synthesis pathways (folic acid and peptidoglycan) like [11C]para-aminobenzoic acid and D-methyl-[11C]-methionine, with clinical trials underway for [18F]fluorodeoxy-sorbitol, as well as for 11C- and 18F-labelled trimethoprim.

Conclusion
It is evident that a great deal of effort has gone into the development of new radiopharmaceuticals for infection imaging over the last few years, with remarkable progress in preclinical investigations. However, translation to clinical trials, and eventually clinical Nuclear Medicine practice, is apparently slow. It is the authors’ opinion that a more structured and harmonised preclinical setting and well-designed clinical investigations are the key to reliably evaluate the true potential of the newly proposed infection imaging agents.
Chromosome-level genome assembly provides insights into the genetic diversity, evolution, and flower development of Prunus conradinae
Authors: Jiu Songtao , Manzoor Muhammad Aamir , Chen Baozheng , Xu Yan , Abdullah Muhammad , Zhang Xinyu , Lv Zhengxin , Zhu Jijun , Cao Jun , Liu Xunju , Wang Jiyuan , Liu Ruie , Wang Shiping , Dong Yang , Zhang Caixi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPrunus conradinae, a valuable flowering cherry belonging to the Rosaceae family subgenus Cerasus and endemic to China, has high economic and ornamental value. However, a high-quality P. conradinae genome is unavailable, which hinders our understanding of its genetic relationships and phylogenesis, and ultimately, the possibility of mining of key genes for important traits. Herein, we have successfully assembled a chromosome-scale P. conradinae genome, identifying 31,134 protein-coding genes, with 98.22% of them functionally annotated. Furthermore, we determined that repetitive sequences constitute 46.23% of the genome. Structural variation detection revealed some syntenic regions, inversions, translocations, and duplications, highlighting the genetic diversity and complexity of Cerasus. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that P. conradinae is most closely related to P. campanulata, from which it diverged ~ 19.1 million years ago (Mya). P. avium diverged earlier than P. cerasus and P. conradinae. Similar to the other Prunus species, P. conradinae underwent a common whole-genome duplication event at ~ 138.60 Mya. Furthermore, 79 MADS-box members were identified in P. conradinae, accompanied by the expansion of the SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE subfamily. Our findings shed light on the complex genetic relationships, and genome evolution of P. conradinae and will facilitate research on the molecular breeding and functions of key genes related to important horticultural and economic characteristics of subgenus Cerasus.
Apparent dark matter inspired by the Einstein equation of state
Authors: Jusufi Kimet , Sheykhi Ahmad 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this article is twofold. First, by means of Padmanabhan's proposal on the emergence nature of gravity, we recover the ΛCDM model and the effect of the dark matter in the context of cosmology. Toward this goal, we use the key idea of Padmanabhan that states cosmic space emerges as the cosmic time progresses and links the emergence of space to the difference between the number of degrees of freedom on the boundary and in the bulk. Interestingly enough, we show that the effect of the cold dark matter in the cosmological setup can be understood by assuming an interaction between the numbers of degrees of freedom in the bulk. In the second part, we follow Jacobson's argument and obtain the modified Einstein field equations with additional dark matter component emerging due to the interaction term between dark energy and baryonic matter related by

, where α is a coupling constant. Finally, a correspondence with the Yukawa cosmology is pointed out, and the role of massive gravitons as a possibility in explaining the nature of the dark sector as well as the theoretical origin of the Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) are addressed. We speculate that the interaction coupling α fundamentally measures the entanglement between the gravitons and matter fields and there exists a fundamental limitation in measuring the gravitons wavelength.
SETD3 is a mechanosensitive enzyme that methylates actin on His73 to regulate mitochondrial dynamics and function
Authors: Deshmukh Vaibhav , Martin James F. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Mitochondria, which act as sensors of metabolic homeostasis and metabolite signaling, form a dynamic intracellular network that continuously changes shape, size and localization to respond to localized cellular energy demands. Mitochondrial dynamics and function depend on interactions with the F-actin cytoskeleton that are poorly understood. Here, we show that SET domain protein 3 (SETD3), a recently described actin histidine methyltransferase, directly methylates actin at histidine-73 and enhances F-actin polymerization on mitochondria. SETD3 is a mechano-sensitive enzyme that is localized on the outer mitochondrial membrane and promotes actin polymerization around mitochondria. SETD3 loss of function leads to diminished F-actin around mitochondria and a decrease in mitochondrial branch length, branch number and mitochondrial movement. Our functional analysis revealed that SETD3 is required for oxidative phosphorylation, and mitochondrial complex I assembly and function. Our data further indicate that SETD3 regulates F-actin formation around mitochondria and is essential for maintaining mitochondrial morphology, movement and function. Finally, we discovered that SETD3 levels are regulated by extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness and regulate mitochondrial shape in response to changes in ECM stiffness. These findings provide new insight into the mechanism for F-actin polymerization around mitochondria.
Comparing Survival of Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma After R1 Resection Versus Palliative Chemotherapy for Unresected Localized Disease
Authors: van Keulen Anne-Marleen , Buettner Stefan , Olthof Pim B. , Klümpen Heinz-Josef , Erdmann Joris I. , Izquierdo-Sanchez Laura , Banales Jesus M. , Goeppert Benjamin , Roessler Stephanie , Zieniewicz Krzysztof , Lamarca Angela , Valle Juan W. , La Casta Adelaida , Hoogwater Frederik J. H. , Donadon Matteo , Scheiter Alexander , Marzioni Marco , Adeva Jorge , Kiudeliene Edita , Fernández Jesús María Urman , Vidili Gianpaolo , Mocan Tudor , Fabris Luca , Krawczyk Marcin , Folseraas Trine , Dopazo Cristina , Detry Olivier , Voiosu Theodor , Scripcariu Viorel , Biancaniello Francesca , Braconi Chiara , Macias Rocio I. R. , Groot Koerkamp Bas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Resection of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) is a complex procedure with a high risk of postoperative mortality and early disease recurrence. The objective of this study was to compare patient characteristics and overall survival (OS) between pCCA patients who underwent an R1 resection and patients with localized pCCA who received palliative systemic chemotherapy.

Methods
Patients with a diagnosis of pCCA between 1997–2021 were identified from the European Network for the Study of Cholangiocarcinoma (ENS-CCA) registry. pCCA patients who underwent an R1 resection were compared with patients with localized pCCA (i.e., nonmetastatic) who were ineligible for surgical resection and received palliative systemic chemotherapy. The primary outcome was OS.

Results
Overall, 146 patients in the R1 resection group and 92 patients in the palliative chemotherapy group were included. The palliative chemotherapy group more often underwent biliary drainage (95% vs. 66%, p < 0.001) and had more vascular encasement on imaging (70% vs. 49%, p = 0.012) and CA 19.9 was more frequently >200 IU/L (64 vs. 45%, p = 0.046). Median OS was comparable between both groups (17.1 vs. 16 months, p = 0.06). Overall survival at 5 years after diagnosis was 20.0% with R1 resection and 2.2% with chemotherapy. Type of treatment (i.e., R1 resection or palliative chemotherapy) was not an independent predictor of OS (hazard ratio 0.76, 95% confidence interval 0.55–1.07).

Conclusions
Palliative systemic chemotherapy should be considered instead of resection in patients with a high risk of both R1 resection and postoperative mortality.
O QUADRILÁTERO FERRÍFERO DE MINAS GERAIS: uma análise sobre sua estrutura produtiva no período de 2010 a 2019
Authors: Viana Francisca Diana Ferreira , Belisário Helen Patrícia , Pereira Braga Francisco Laércio 
Published: June 2024

Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar o comportamento da variável emprego para setores selecionados dentro da estrutura produtiva dos municípios pertencentes à região do Quadrilátero Ferrífero (QF) – Minas Gerais. Tais setores estão ligados às Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação, ao conceito de Cidades Inteligentes e às Atividades que Caracterizam o Turismo (ACTs). O intuito específico deste estudo é captar possíveis mudanças setoriais, entre os anos de 2010 e 2019, que beneficiem a diversificação produtiva desta região. Para isto, utilizaram-se as seguintes técnicas de economia regional: método diferencial-estrutural (shift-share); coeficientes de especialização e localização. Os resultados principais mostram pouca ou nenhuma vantagem regional e/ou de especialização para setores ligados às TICs, exceção ao setor de Educação.
Early Dangling Protocol Post Lower Extremity Free Flap Surgery: An Evidence-based Case Report
Authors: Atmodiwirjo Parintosa , Aditya Timothy , Tafdhil Tardha Muhammad , Nazwan Sani Fadli 
Published: June 2024

Background: Free flap is tissue transplantation by including its feeding artery from one body part to another. Intravascular thrombosis is the main obstacle commonly faced in the anastomosed part. Yet, postoperative extremity mobilization has widely become the main question related to flap failure. Only a few studies explained the best time to perform lower extremity mobilization post free flap surgery to maintain adequate flap viability. This study aimed to find the effectiveness of the dangling protocol in reducing lower extremity free flap surgery complications.
Methods: A literature search was conducted through PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase in March 2022 using “Free tissue flap” or “free flap” AND “dangling protocol” or “early ambulation” AND “postoperative complication” keywords. Title and abstract screening, full-text reading, and eligibility assessment were performed to find related evidence regarding our clinical question.
Results: The two relevant articles are a systematic review and a clinical trial study. Both studies showed 94-100% flap viability after applying early dangling protocol as early as three days post lower leg free flap surgery with level evidence of IIB up to IV without any incidence of flap necrosis.
Conclusion: Early dangling protocol can be implemented safely after free flap surgery of the lower extremity without postoperative complications such as total or partial necrosis.
Cyanoacrylate Glue Burn Injury in 2 Years Old Child
Authors: Wardhana Aditya , Christabella Rininta 
Published: June 2024

Cyanoacrylate, a compound formed from formaldehyde and alkyl cyanoacetate, serves as a potent adhesive in daily life, cosmetics, medicine, and industry. Variants like methyl 2-cyanoacrylate and ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate are common for daily and industrial use, with butyl 2-cyanoacrylate preferred in surgery as an adhesive for its low toxicity. While typically safe for skin, frequent contact can lead to dermatitis, paronychia, and onycholysis. This case report highlights a superficial burn in a two-year-old child caused by cyanoacrylate adhesive. Such burns are rare but require attention. Treatment involves gently separating the adhesive from the skin using soapy water, followed by the use of acetone, petroleum jelly, 0.9% NaCl solution, or 5% sodium bicarbonate solution, followed by the use of pumice stone or nail file to remove residue. Preventive measures include careful glue placement to limit access, especially by children. Caution is crucial when handling cyanoacrylate adhesive near cotton or wool due to its adhesive properties. In summary, cyanoacrylate offers versatility but requires caution to prevent dermatological issues and burns, especially when catalysed by cotton.
Nonoccurrence of Lavrentiev gap for a class of functionals with nonstandard growth
Authors: De Filippis Filomena , Leonetti Francesco , Treu Giulia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We consider the functional

ℱ

(

u

)

≔

∫

Ω

f

(

x
,
D
u

(

x

)

)

d
x
,

{\mathcal{ {\mathcal F} }}\left(u):= \mathop{\int }\limits_{\Omega }f\left(x,Du\left(x)){\rm{d}}x,

where

f

(

x
,
z

)

f\left(x,z)

satisfies a

(

p
,
q

)

\left(p,q)

-growth condition with respect to

z

z

and can be approximated by means of a suitable sequence of functions. We consider

B

R

⋐

Ω

{B}_{R}\hspace{0.33em}\Subset \hspace{0.33em}\Omega

and the spaces

X
=

W

1
,
p

(

B

R

,

R

N

)

and

Y
=

W

1
,
p

(

B

R

,

R

N

)

∩

W

loc

1
,
q

(

B

R

,

R

N

)

.

X={W}^{1,p}\left({B}_{R},{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N})\hspace{1.0em}\hspace{0.1em}\text{and}\hspace{0.1em}\hspace{1.0em}Y={W}^{1,p}\left({B}_{R},{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N})\cap {W}_{\hspace{0.1em}\text{loc}\hspace{0.1em}}^{1,q}\left({B}_{R},{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}).

We prove that the lower semicontinuous envelope of

ℱ

∣

Y

{\mathcal{ {\mathcal F} }}{| }_{Y}

coincides with

ℱ

{\mathcal{ {\mathcal F} }}

or, in other words, that the Lavrentiev term is equal to zero for any admissible function

u
∈

W

1
,
p

(

B

R

,

R

N

)

u\in {W}^{1,p}\left({B}_{R},{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N})

. We perform the approximations by means of functions preserving the values on the boundary of

B

R

{B}_{R}

.
Bibliotheken: Die fünfte Gewalt im Staat?
Authors: Hobohm Hans-Christoph 
Published: June 2024

Zusammenfassung
In der schwedischen Debatte um eine Nationale Bibliotheksstrategie wird Bibliotheken teilweise zugeschrieben, sie seien eine Fünfte Staatsgewalt. Der Artikel untersucht die Genese dieser Formulierung und konstatiert, dass in der weiteren Diskussion von diesem aktivistischen Standpunkt wieder abgerückt wird und Bibliotheken letztlich doch wieder als passiv neoliberale Schatztruhen bezeichnet werden. Die Formulierung Fünfte Staatsgewalt nahm ihren Ausgangspunkt in der Feststellung einer allgemeine Demokratiekrise, weshalb diese unter dem Eindruck neuer Demokratietheorie näher beleuchtet wird. Es wird das Konzept der Gewaltenteilung von Montesquieu diskutiert und eine genauere Analyse des verbreiteten Konzepts der Vierten Gewalt vorgenommen. Beides bietet Differenzierungen, die helfen, Bibliothekspraktiken neu zu positionieren. Am Schluss werden vier Aspekte vorgestellt, die sich auf den Impetus der schwedischen Position beziehen lassen, Bibliotheken sollten auf die gesellschaftlichen Veränderungen aktiv reagieren. Als eigenständige Gewalt gehen Bibliotheken aus dieser Analyse jedoch nicht hervor.