bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and numerical investigation of heat enhancement using a hybrid nanofluid of copper oxide/alumina nanoparticles in water
Authors: Plant Robert Dakota , Hodgson Gregory K. , Impellizzeri Stefania , Saghir M. Ziad 
Published: June 2024

<p>The following work experimentally and numerically investigated the thermal performance of a hybrid nanofluid, prepared by decorating a nanostructured aluminum oxide support with copper oxide nanostructures, in a flow system of porous open-cell foam metals. The porous medium was comprised of 6061-T6 aluminum with a porosity of 0.91 and a permeability of 9.54788 × 10−7 m2. Experiments were performed under variable heat flux, using a hybrid nanofluid consisting of a 0.1 mass% aqueous solution of CuO@Al2O3 nanocomposite particles 28 ± 11 nm in size. Thermal performance was evaluated with respect to the Nusselt number and the index of performance with pressure. Remarkably, the implementation of a copper oxide/alumina nanocomposite with the use of porously filled channels resulted in significant thermal enhancement (6–11%) relative to commercial alumina nanofluid, despite a total copper concentration of only 0.0001 mass% in the hybrid nanofluid. Increased performance is attributed to a combination of ultralow copper content and the approach to hybrid nanofluid design. Specifically, a small amount of copper significantly increased the local Nusselt number, indicative of superior heat extraction. At the same time, a numerical model of the system was also developed and agreed with experimental measurements within an error of 5%. Numerical results predicted a slightly higher pressure drop for the hybrid nanofluid, but also showed higher absolute pressures for the hybrid fluid all along the channel in the three-channel configuration. Simulation also produced an interesting discrepancy between the performances of the hybrid nanofluid as a function of heat flux, possibly related to different channel pressures inherent to the two heat sink models under investigation. This could point to a heightened pressure sensitivity of the thermal properties of hybrid nanofluids as well as a greater need to consider experimental design in the comparison of heat enhancement across nanofluidic systems. In terms of material design, decorating alumina nanoparticles with copper nanoparticles rather than mixing two individual nanostructured components appears to have been a beneficial strategy. The photochemical methodology used to prepare the nanocomposite material may also have improved thermal performance by yielding smaller (< 5 nm) copper oxide nanoparticles and provided access to the synergistic properties of a true nanocomposite material. This study demonstrates that heat enhancement by nanofluids can be achieved using a much smaller amount of copper than previously described in the literature and further highlights that synthetic methodology and material characterization can have a dramatic impact upon the performance of applied nanocomposite materials. Additionally, this work delivers a practical example of how progressive nanofunctionalization of materials can enhance thermal functionality of nanofluids.</p>
EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK PELARUT FOSFAT DAN PPC TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Asri Ririn Devi syafitri , Edy Edy , Subaedah Subaedah , Suriyanti Suriyanti , Nontji Maimuna 
Published: June 2024

Corn production needs to be increased by minimizing the use of organic fertilizer, this fact is needed now. Therefore, research is needed that aims to determine effectiveness of phosphate fertilization on growth and production of corn , find out the appropriate dose of liquid supplementary fertilizer in increasing the growth and production of corn, and to know the effect of interaction of phosphate solvent extract and dose of liquid supplementary fertilizer on the growth and production of corn. This study uses a separate plot design, as the main plot is treatment of phosphate solvent extract (E) with two levels, namely: E0: Control (without fat solvent extract), E1: Extract 10ml / 1 L of water (with Phosphate solvent extract). As subplots are liquid phosphate supplementary fertilizer (C) with 4 levels, namely: C0: Control (without liquid supplementary fertilizer), C1: 10 ml / L, C2: 20 ml / L, C3: 30 ml / L. The results obtained by giving phosphate solvent extract at a dose of 10 ml /L of water have a better effect on plant height, number of leaves and faster flowering age. The application of organic liquid supplementary fertilizer at a dose of 10 ml /L water and 30 ml / 1L water has a better effect on plant height, number of leaves and age of flowering faster. There is no interaction between the administration of phosphate solvent extracts with organic liquid supplementary fertilizer on growth and production planting corn.
PEMANTAPAN MASA INKUBASI KALUS KEDELAI SECARA IN VITRO DALAM MEDIA MS (Murashige dan Skoog) B5 (Gamborg)
Authors: Hidayat Rahmad , Abdullah Abdullah , Aminah Aminah 
Published: June 2024

Combination of Soybean Callus Incubation Period in vitro in MS (Murashige and Skoog) and B5 (Gamborg) Media (Supervised by Abdullah and Aminah). This study aimed to find a suitable medium for stabilizing the incubation period of soybean callus in vitro for the purposes of further selection. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Bio-Science and Plant Reproduction Biotechnology, Agronomy Department, Agriculture Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi. This research was done from June 2020 to October 2020. This research was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two-factor treatment. The first factor was the type of medium (M1) with 2 levels of treatment. The second factor was the callus incubation period (W) with 5 levels of treatment. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance and 5% LSD. The parameters observed were callus wet weight, callus color and callus structure. The results showed that the MS subculture medium in stabilizing the incubation period of soybean callus tended to be better to callus color and callus structure. The highest wet weight of callus was in the M1W2 treatment with an average of 1.40 callus color scoring values, namely, 5.8 in the white color category and the callus structure with a scoring value of 4, namely callus which had a crumb texture (easily separated). Callus weight tends to be better on B5 medium. The incubation period for soybean callus tended to be better within 14 days, after subculturing on all types of medium (MS and B5) and subsequently decreased by increasing incubation time. The type of incubation medium did not interact with the callus incubation period.
PENGARUH KOMPOSISI MEDIA TANAM DAN JENIS ZAT PENGATUR TUMBUH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN SETEK LADA (Piper Nigrum L.)
Authors: Delia Ratna , Boceng Annas , Suriyanti Suriyanti 
Published: June 2024

This research was conducted in kalpataru village, Tomoni District, East luwu Regency, South Sulawesi Province. This research started from March to July 2019. The aims were knowing the influence of planting medium on the growth of pepper cuttings, influence of ZPT type on the growth of pepper cuttings, and the influence of interaction of interaction between planting medium and type 2. This Study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) method consisting of two factors. The first factor is the composition of the planting medium (M) which consists of 3 levels, M1 was soil medium, M2 was soil+sand, M3 was soil+sand+manuse.The second factor is the type of growth stimulant (Z) consisting of 4 levels, Z0: without ZPT, Z1: coconut water, Z2: atonik, Z3:Rootone-F. Based on the results of the experiment, it was found that the use of M1 planting medium composition gave the best effect on the growth of pepper plants, namely the number of shoots, length of tendrils, number of leaves, fresh root weight and root volume. The use of ZPT type namely Z1 gave the best effect on the growth of pepper plants, namely Z1 gave the best effect on the growth of pepper plants, namely root fresh weight. There was a significant interaction between the composition of the planting medium and the type of ZPT on the variable length of the tendrills and the number of leaves of the pepper plant seeds
KORELASI KETERAMPILAN METAKOGNITIF DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI HIDROKARBON
Authors: Indah Permata Sari  , Febrian Solikhin  , Rina Elvia  
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan profil keterampilan metakognitif, hasil belajar siswa, dan korelasi keterampilan metakognitif terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada materi hidrokarbon. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu. Subjek penelitian ini adalah kelas XI MIPA 3, XI MIPA 4 dan XI MIPA 5 yang berjumlah 105 siswa yang dipilih berdasarkan teknik purposive sampling dari populasi sebanyak 7 kelas. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara tes menggunakan instrumen tes tertulis dan non tes menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data untuk uji korelasi menggunakan aplikasi SPPS 23. Hasil penelitian pada kuesioner keterampilan metakognitif diperoleh sebesar 85,2% yang menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan metakognitif siswa berada pada kategori sangat baik. Aspek keterampilan metakognitif terendah pada bagian keterampilan evaluasi (evaluating skills) diperoleh sebesar 82,8% yang menunjukkan bahwa sebagian siswa belum dapat merangkum apa yang dibuat, belum memahami dalam menjawab persoalan dan kurang teliti dalam memeriksa jawaban yang telah dibaut pada materi hidrokarbon. Hasil penelitian terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada materi hidrokarbon diperoleh bahwa sebanyak 61,90% siswa pada kategori sangat baik, dan 38,10% pada kategori siswa baik. Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara keterampilan metakognitif dengan hasil belajarnya yang terlihat dari nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,919 serta nilai sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,003. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa korelasi keterampilan metakognitif dengan hasil belajar siswa pada materi hidrokarbon berada pada kategori sangat kuat yang menunjukkan bahwa siswa mampu menuliskan, menyusun serta membedakan berbagai struktur senyawa.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR SISTEM KOLOID BERBASIS WEB BERBANTUAN APLIKASI EXE LEARNING
Authors: Wahyu Ningsih Elen , Handayani Dewi , Nurhamidah  
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar sistem koloid berbasis web berbantuan aplikasi exe-learning. Model pengembangan yang digunakan yaitu model 4-D (Four-D) yang terdiri dari tahap define, design, develop dan disseminate. Penelitian dilakukan di SMA Negeri 2 Bengkulu Utara dengan subjek penelitian yaitu 12 siswa kelas XI MIPA 2 untuk uji coba skala kecil, dan 34 siswa kelas XI MIPA 3 untuk uji coba skala besar. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu lembar wawancara, angket kebutuhan siswa, lembar validasi materi dan media, angket respon siswa dan guru, serta lembar pretest dan posttest. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa bahan ajar sistem koloid berbasis web dinyatakan sangat layak oleh ahli media dan ahli materi dengan persentase dari aspek media 93,13% dan aspek materi sebesar 86,42%, respon siswa terhadap bahan ajar sistem koloid berbasis web berada pada kategori sangat baik dengan persentase rata-rata sebesar 89,56%. Hasil belajar setelah menggunakan bahan ajar sistem koloid berbasis web yang dikembangkan dengan aplikasi exe-learning terjadi peningkatan dengan rata-rata skor N-gain 0,67 pada kriteria sedang dan respon guru terhadap bahan ajar sistem koloid berbasis web berada pada kategori sangat baik dengan persentase rata-rata sebesar 93,23%.
Predictors of cognitive change in cognitively healthy older women in Panama: the PARI-HD study
Authors: Oviedo Diana C. , Tratner Adam E. , Rodríguez-Araña Sofía , Villarreal Alcibiades E. , Rangel Giselle , Carreira María B. , Britton Gabrielle B. 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundEvidence suggests that a combination of biological and social factors influence risk of dementia differently for women and men. In healthy older women, several factors may contribute to changes in cognition.ObjectiveDescribe the characteristics associated with variation in cognition in a sample of cognitively healthy older Panamanian women.MethodsThe study includes cross-sectional analyses of cognitive domains at baseline (n = 357) and 17-month (SD = 2.0) follow-up (n = 200) for women aged 60 years and older enrolled in the Panama Aging Research Initiative-Health Disparities (PARI-HD) study. Instruments included clinical questionnaires, physiological measures, and a neuropsychological test battery assessing global cognition and seven cognitive domains. Multiple regression analyses examined the associations between demographic and clinical characteristics and cognition at baseline. Repeated measures analyses were used to investigate changes in cognition from baseline to follow-up.ResultsOn average, participants were 68.6 years of age (SD = 5.9) with 16.1 years of education (SD = 4.7). Age, income, and education showed robust associations with baseline cognition. Subjective cognitive impairment was associated with lower performance in global cognition, verbal learning, and memory domains. Only performance in the attention domain decreased at follow-up, and subjective health state and depressive symptoms significantly predicted the change in attention.DiscussionOur study findings contribute to the investigation of cognitive health in older Hispanic women and to the understanding of sociodemographic and health-related factors associated with cognitive decline and the progression to cognitive impairment and dementia.
Identification and characterization of new structural scaffolds modulating the activity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis dihydroneopterin aldolase (FolB) in vitro
Authors: Falcão Virginia Carla de Almeida , Czeczot Alexia de Matos , Alam Mohammad Maqusood , Park Kyu-Ho Paul , Heo Jinyeong , Woo Minjeong , Camini Ana Micaela , Timmers Luis Fernando Saraiva Macedo , Shum David , Perelló Marcia Alberton , Basso Luiz Augusto , Machado Pablo , Bizarro Cristiano Valim , Delorme Vincent 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionAntifolates were among the first broad-spectrum compounds used as antimycobacterial agents and can still be of use when no other therapeutic options are available. The discovery of compounds targeting the essential folate synthesis pathway could lead to new therapeutic agents to treat tuberculosis (TB). In particular, the enzyme required for the conversion of 7,8-dihydroneopterin (DHNP) to 6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropterin (HP) and glycolaldehyde (GA) in the folate pathway (MtbFolB, a dihydroneopterin aldolase - DHNA, EC 4.1.2.25), has received little attention as a potential drug target so far, as it is acting upstream of the clinically validated targets dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS; EC 2.5.1.15) and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR; EC 1.5.1.3).MethodsWe conducted a small-scale diversity screening to identify MtbFolB inhibitors using a microplate-based enzyme inhibition assay. A total of 6,074 compounds were assembled, tested and confirmed in dose-response studies. A preliminary structure activity analysis was performed for the validated hit compounds, along with kinetic inhibition, time-dependent inhibition, as well as docking studies. ResultsThe screening resulted in the selection of 19 hits spanning 5 independent clusters. Dose-response studies of re-synthesized hits and newly synthesized derivatives displayed compounds with IC50 values ranging from 2.6 to 47 µM. The structure activity analysis revealed that bi-sulfonamide compounds could be explored for further optimizations. Docking studies highlighted two modes of binding for pyrazol-3-one compounds and, for the sulfonamide series, indicated several interactions with the catalytic Tyrosine-54 (Tyr54D) and Lysine-99 (Lys99A) residues of MtbFolB. DiscussionThrough this work, we established that the MtbFolB assay was able to select small molecules with inhibitory activities, opening prospects for larger scale screening. The sulfonamide compound 13 was also identified as the first compound directed against MtbFolB with an antimycobacterial activity.
KEAP1 overexpression is correlated with poor prognosis and immune infiltration in liver hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wei Xin , Tang Yigui , Zheng Meijuan , Xu Yuanhong , Wang Zhongxin 
Published: June 2024

PurposeLiver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) is the most common type of liver cancer, but there is a lack of effective indicators for its early diagnosis and prognosis, so we explored the role of KEAP1 in LIHC patients in this study.MethodsThe Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset was used to investigate the relationship between KEAP1 expression and clinicopathological features and prognosis of LIHC patients. KEAP1 expression related pathways were enriched by Gene Ontology (GO) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Besides, KEAP1 expression-related immune infiltration was performed by single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA), and function of immune cells was detected by flow cytometry.ResultsIt was found that KEAP1 expression was significantly increased and correlated with overall survival of LIHC patients. A total of 231 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between LIHC patients with high- and low-KEAP1 expression were found, which associated with various biological pathways. Besides, KEAP1 expression was positively correlated with the infiltration level of T helper cells and Th2 cells but negatively correlated with DCs and cytotoxic cells. Functional analysis revealed that the expression of IL 4 in Th2 cells and CD107a, GrA and GrB in cytotoxic cells was significantly greater in LIHC patients than in HCs. In addition, KEAP1 expression was closely correlated with liver function in LIHC patients.ConclusionHighly expressed KEAP1 was closely related to the diagnosis, prognosis, immune cell infiltration, and liver function of LIHC, which might promote the progression of LIHC through regulating cell development, signal transduction, and abnormal immune response. The current study partially revealed the role of KEAP1 in LIHC and provided a potential biomarker for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of LIHC.
Exploring the diversity and potential functional characteristics of microbiota associated with different compartments of Schisandra chinensis
Authors: Hou Wenjuan , Xing Yanping , Xue Hefei , Huang Yanchang , Huang Yutong , Men Wenxiao , Yang Yanyun , Kang Tingguo , Dou Deqiang , Zheng Han , Xu Liang 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionSymbiotic microbial have a significant impact on the growth and metabolism of medicinal plants. Schisandra chinensis is a very functionally rich medicinal herb; however, its microbial composition and diversity have been poorly studied.MethodsIn the present study, the core microbiomes associated with the rhizospheric soil, roots, stems, leaves, and fruits of S. chinensis from six geographic locations were analyzed by a macro-genomics approach.ResultsAlpha and beta diversity analyses showed that the diversity of microbial composition of S. chinensis fruits did not differ significantly among the geographic locations as compared to that in different plant compartments. Principal coordinate analysis showed that the microbial communities of S. chinensis fruits from the different ecological locations were both similar and independent. In all S. chinensis samples, Proteobacteria was the most dominant bacterial phylum, and Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the most dominant fungal phyla. Nitrospira, Bradyrhizobium, Sphingomonas, and Pseudomonas were the marker bacterial populations in rhizospheric soils, roots, stems and leaves, and fruits, respectively, and Penicillium, Golubevia, and Cladosporium were the marker fungal populations in the rhizospheric soil and roots, stems and leaves, and fruits, respectively. Functional analyses showed a high abundance of the microbiota mainly in biosynthesis.DiscussionThe present study determined the fungal structure of the symbiotic microbiome of S. chinensis, which is crucial for improving the yield and quality of S. chinensis.
Different MRI-based radiomics models for differentiating misdiagnosed or ambiguous pleomorphic adenoma and Warthin tumor of the parotid gland: a multicenter study
Authors: Yang Jing , Bi Qiu , Jin Yiren , Yang Yong , Du Ji , Zhang Hongjiang , Wu Kunhua 
Published: June 2024

PurposeTo evaluate the effectiveness of MRI-based radiomics models in distinguishing between Warthin tumors (WT) and misdiagnosed or ambiguous pleomorphic adenoma (PA).MethodsData of patients with PA and WT from two centers were collected. MR images were used to extract radiomic features. The optimal radiomics model was found by running nine machine learning algorithms after feature reduction and selection. To create a clinical model, univariate logistic regression (LR) analysis and multivariate LR were used. The independent clinical predictors and radiomics were combined to create a nomogram. Two integrated models were constructed by the ensemble and stacking algorithms respectively based on the clinical model and the optimal radiomics model. The models’ performance was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC).ResultsThere were 149 patients included in all. Gender, age, and smoking of patients were independent clinical predictors. With the greatest average AUC (0.896) and accuracy (0.839) in validation groups, the LR model was the optimal radiomics model. In the average validation group, the radiomics model based on LR did not have a higher AUC (0.795) than the clinical model (AUC = 0.909). The nomogram (AUC = 0.953) outperformed the radiomics model in terms of discrimination performance. The nomogram in the average validation group had a highest AUC than the stacking model (0.914) or ensemble model (0.798).ConclusionMisdiagnosed or ambiguous PA and WT can be non-invasively distinguished using MRI-based radiomics models. The nomogram exhibited excellent and stable diagnostic performance. In daily work, it is necessary to combine with clinical parameters for distinguishing between PA and WT.