bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photochemistry of Methyl Ethyl Ketone: Quantum Yields and S1/S0‐Diradical Mechanism of Photodissociation
Authors: Nádasdi Rebeka , Zügner Gábor L. , Farkas Mária , Dóbé Sándor , Maeda Satoshi , Morokuma Keiji 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPulsed laser photolysis (PLP) at λ=248 and 308 nm coupled with gas‐chromatographic analysis is applied to determine the photodissociation quantum yield (QY) of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK). Temperature dependent UV absorption cross‐sections [σMEK(λ,T)] are also determined. At 308 nm, the QY decreases with decreasing temperature (T=323–233 K) and with increasing pressure (P=67‐998 mbar synthetic air). Stern–Volmer (SV) analysis of the T and P dependent QYs provides the experimental estimate of ES1=398±9 kJ mol−1 (=300±6 nm) for the barrier of the first excited singlet state (S1). The QY at 248 nm is close to unity and independent of pressure (T=298 K). Theoretical reaction pathways are examined systematically on the basis of CASPT2/6‐31+G* calculations. Among three possible pathways, a S1/S0‐diradical mechanism, which involves H atom transfer on the S1 surface, followed by a nonadiabatic transition at a diradical isomer of MEK, explains the experimental data very well. Therefore, this unusual mechanism, which is not seen in any smaller carbonyl compounds, is proposed as an important pathway for the MEK dissociation. Our study supports the view that both the absorption cross‐sections and the QYs of carbonyls have significant temperature dependences that should be taken into account for accurate modelling of atmospheric chemistry.
Animal models of early life stress: Implications for understanding resilience
Authors: Lyons David M. , Parker Karen J. , Schatzberg Alan F. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn the mid‐1950s, Levine and his colleagues reported that brief intermittent exposure to early life stress diminished indications of subsequent emotionality in rats. Here we review ongoing studies of a similar process in squirrel monkeys. Results from these animal models suggest that brief intermittent exposure to stress promotes the development of arousal regulation and resilience. Implications for programs designed to enhance resilience in human development are discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 52: 616–624, 2010.
Characterization of a mouse Scube3 reporter line
Authors: Xavier Guilherme M. , Economou Andrew , Senna Guimarães André Luis , Sharpe Paul T. , Cobourne Martyn T. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe SCUBE gene family encode secreted, extracellular proteins that share a distinct domain organization of at least five recognizable motifs, including an amino‐terminal signal peptide sequence, multiple EGF‐like domains, a large spacer region containing multiple N‐linked glycosylation sites, three repeated stretches of six‐cysteine residues and a carboxy‐terminal CUB domain. We describe a Scube3tm1Dge/H targeted allele, which replaces the entire coding region for Exons 2 and 3 with a neomycin‐lacZ selectable marker cassette predicted to delete the first two EGF‐like domains of the transcribed protein. Scube3+/tm1Dge/H embryos demonstrate strong β‐galactosidase activity in the early facial epithelium, including the branchial arches and facial processes, the otic vesicle, limb buds, and neural tube. In addition, strong reporter activity was identified in the epithelial compartments of developing teeth and hair follicles. However, analysis of the Scube3tm1Dge/H allele revealed that it encodes a truncated protein, which contains part of the spacer region and CUB domain. It is likely that this protein retains functionality because our analysis reveals that Scube3tm1Dge/H; tm1Dge/H mice are phenotypically normal. Whilst acting as a useful reporter, these mice do not provide any insight into the potential role of Scube3 during embryonic development. genesis 48:684–692, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Is there a causal link from a phonological awareness deficit to reading failure in children at familial risk for dyslexia?
Authors: Blomert Leo , Willems Gonny 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe knowledge that reading and phonological awareness are mainly reciprocally related has hardly influenced the status of a phonological awareness deficit as the main cause of a reading deficit in dyslexia. Because direct proofs for this theory are still lacking we investigated children at familial risk for dyslexia in kindergarten and first grade. The familial risk was genuine; 40% developed reading deficits in first grade. However, we did not find any relationship between a phonological awareness or other phonological processing deficits in kindergarten and reading deficits in first grade. Finally, we did not find evidence for the claim that a phonological awareness deficit assumedly causes a reading deficit via ‘unstable’ or otherwise corrupted letter–speech sound associations. Although earlier research indicated letter knowledge as another significant determinant of later reading deficits, we found no support for this claim. Letter knowledge learning and learning to associate and integrate letters and speech sound are different processes and only problems in the latter process seem directly linked to the development of a reading deficit. The nature of this deficit and the impact it might have on multisensory processing in the whole reading network presents a major challenge to future reading and dyslexia research. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coherence motion perception in developmental dyslexia: a meta‐analysis of behavioral studies
Authors: Benassi Mariagrazia , Simonelli Letizia , Giovagnoli Sara , Bolzani Roberto 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe magnitude of the association between developmental dyslexia (DD) and motion sensitivity is evaluated in 35 studies, which investigated coherence motion perception in DD. A first analysis is conducted on the differences between DD groups and age‐matched control (C) groups. In a second analysis, the relationship between motion coherence threshold and reading ability is considered. Globally, the mean effect size (ES) is moderate (d= 0.675, 2334 subjects) with a large value (d= 0.747) for the between‐groups differences in motion perception and a smaller mean ES (d= 0.178) for the correlational studies. The influence on ES of the stimuli parameters and subjects age is analyzed. The number of dots, the age of the subjects, and the type of analysis (i.e. between‐group or correlational) are significantly related to the ES. Looking at the ES values, a smaller number of dots constituting the stimuli are associated with larger ES and, interestingly, the children studies are associated with lower ES in comparison with the researches evaluating adults. The large ES value supports the importance of studying motion perception deficits in DD groups, consistently with the claim that dorsal impairment/noise‐exclusion deficit could be one of the risk factor of reading difficulties. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exploring dyslexics' phonological deficit III: foreign speech perception and production
Authors: Soroli Efstathia , Szenkovits Gayaneh , Ramus Franck 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis study investigates French dyslexic and control adult participants' ability to perceive and produce two different non‐native contrasts (one segmental and one prosodic), across several conditions varying short‐term memory load. For this purpose, we selected Korean plosive voicing (whose categories conflict with French ones) as the segmental contrast and lexical stress as the prosodic contrast (French does not use contrastive lexical stress). We also used a French (native) segmental contrast as a control. Tasks were either auditory discrimination or repetition of CVCV nonsense words. Short‐term memory load was varied by presenting the stimuli either in isolation, in sequences of two, or in sequences of three. Our results show overall few differences between dyslexic and control participants. In particular, dyslexic participants performed similarly to controls in all tasks involving Korean plosives, whether in discrimination or in production, and regardless of short‐term memory load. However, some group differences emerged with respect to lexical stress, in the discrimination task at greater short‐term memory load. Various analyses suggest that dyslexic participants' difficulties are due to the meta‐phonological nature of the task and to short‐term memory load. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Striking the right balance: motor difficulties in children and adults with dyslexia
Authors: Brookes Rebecca L. , Tinkler Susie , Nicolson Roderick I. , Fawcett Angela J. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBalance difficulties are an enduring feature of dyslexia research, however results have been inconsistent. We propose that between‐study heterogeneity may be attributable to variability in balance tasks, balance measurement, participant age, and inclusion of comorbid disorders such as ADHD. This study attempted to clarify these issues, employing quantitative, continuous measures of balance and blindfolded balance, and using both adult and child participants without comorbid ADHD. Eighty‐seven individuals participated: dyslexic adults (n = 17), matched adult controls (n = 30), dyslexic children (n = 16) and matched child controls (n = 24). The study found significant balance deficits for the child dyslexic group in the eyes‐open task and a result approaching significance in the blindfolded task. By contrast, the adult dyslexic group showed significant deficits in the blindfolded task only. This result is interpreted in terms of lack of sensitivity of the non‐blindfolded balance task for adults, owing to ceiling effects. This highlights the need for the use of age‐appropriate tests, and may explain some of the heterogeneity in the literature. It is concluded that there is a significant incidence of balance difficulties in children and adults with dyslexia, even for those without comorbid attention deficit. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predictive significance of changes in dietary restraint in obese patients with binge eating disorder during treatment
Authors: Blomquist Kerstin K. , Grilo Carlos M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjective:To examine whether changes in different aspects of dietary restraint in obese patients with binge eating disorder (BED) participating in a treatment study predict outcomes.Method:Fifty obese patients with BED in a randomized controlled study of orlistat administered with cognitive‐behavioral therapy, guided‐self‐help (CBTgsh) completed dietary restraint measures at baseline, during‐ and post‐treatment, and three‐month follow‐up.Results:Change in the restraint scale of the Eating Disorder Examination‐Questionnaire did not predict binge abstinence or 5% weight loss. Increased flexible restraint subscale of the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) during treatment significantly predicted binge abstinence at post‐treatment and three‐month follow‐up and 5% weight loss at post‐treatment. Change in the rigid restraint subscale of the TFEQ predicted binge abstinence at post‐treatment.Discussion:Our findings clarify further pathologic and adaptive aspects of restraint and suggest the importance of enhancing flexible restraint in order to improve both binge eating and weight loss outcomes. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2011)
Bivariate analysis of disordered eating characteristics in adolescence and young adulthood
Authors: Munn Melissa A. , Stallings Michael C. , Hyun Rhee Soo , Sobik Laura E. , Corley Robin P. , Rhea Sally Ann , Hewitt John K. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectiveWe examined the etiology of two disordered eating characteristics.MethodParticipants included 1,470 female adolescent and young adult twins and their female nontwin siblings. Phenotypic factor analyses of a seven‐item eating pathology screening tool yielded two factors: weight and shape concerns and behaviors (WSCB) and binge eating (BE). Univariate and bivariate extended twin analyses (including cotwins and nontwin siblings) were used to estimate the magnitude of genetic and environmental influences on these characteristics.ResultsAnalyses indicated that individual differences in WSCB and BE could be explained by additive genetic influences (a2 = 0.43 (95% CI: 0.33–0.52) and 0.49 (95% CI: 0.36–0.58), respectively), with the remaining variance due to nonshared environmental influences. The genetic correlation between WSCB and BE was estimated at 0.64; the nonshared environmental correlation was estimated at 0.27.DiscussionThese results corroborate previous findings on genetic and environmental influences on disordered eating characteristics and suggest that findings can be extended to nontwin populations. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2010; 43:751–761
Automatic detection of proximity AE doublets for relative location of subsurface fracture reservoir
Authors: Nagano Koji , Ehara Daisuke 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis paper describes the automatic detection of proximity acoustic emission (AE) doublets. Proximity AE doublets are microseismic data in which a second event with a similar waveform arrives before the attenuation of the first event. The number of AE events is much greater than 1000 when a subsurface fracture reservoir is stimulated during hydraulic fracturing. It is routine and daunting work to detect proximity AE doublets in the many AE events. The cepstrum of proximity AE doublets has a peak at a quefrency that shows an interval between P waves. We analyze three‐component AE signals, which represent the three‐dimensional particle motion of the AE. Three‐component AE measurement is often carried out in subsurface AE measurement. The quefrency of the cepstral maximum is compared among the three components. The cepstra of proximity AE doublets have maxima at similar quefrencies in the three components. On the other hand, the cepstra of AE events other than those of proximity AE doublets have their maxima at different quefrencies in the three components. Ninety‐four percent of proximity AE doublets are detected automatically and 100% of 80 events that are not proximity AE doublets are not recognized as proximity AE doublets in the automatic detection. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 93(11): 38–45, 2010; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10234
Influence of VIA stacking for high density of consumer electronics products
Authors: Nakanishi Tohru , Hase Tomohiro 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe multistage stacked VIA technology is one of the key technologies for the achievement of high‐density packaging, but it appears that the influence of VIA stacking is not sufficiently well understood. The influence of one‐ to five‐level VIA stacking technologies is studied with respect to the parameters of stress and strain from the viewpoint of reliability, comparing the conditions in which these VIAs are located directly on the RFP [Resin Filled PTH (Pin Through Hole)], and the condition in which they are located to the left and right at some distance from the RFP. The maximum stress occurs at the smallest VIA neck, and it is recommended that VIA stacking be designed at some distance from the RFP. Guidelines for optimized design of substrates that have stacked VIAs are provided. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 93(11): 1–7, 2010; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10320
Analysis of chemoresistance in lung cancer with a simple microfluidic device
Authors: Zhang Lichuan , Wang Jiarui , Zhao Long , Meng Qiang , Wang Qi 
Published: October 2010

AbstractMicrochip‐based systems have been developed rapidly due to their desirable advantages over conventional platforms. Higher level system integration and complex microdevices are emerging to satisfy the demand for high‐throughput and large‐scale applications. However, most of the devices need to be fabricated with complicated microvalves and micropumps, which, to some extent, limit the use of the novel technique. In this study, a simple microdevice was developed to perform chemotherapy resistance analysis in lung cancer cell line SPCA1. This device includes a PDMS chip for which a simple external small clip served as a microvalve to control the fluid flow so that the parallel control experiment could be carried out simultaneously, and a syringe pump, which supplied the cells with fresh medium mimicking the microenvironment in vivo. Cell culture, detection of drug resistance related protein P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) and glutathione S‐transferase‐π (GST‐π) and cell viability after VP‐16 treatment on experimental (pretreated with corresponding inhibitors) and control groups were achieved. The results demonstrated that the cells could grow and spread well for at least 3 days. The expression of P‐gp and GST‐π was obviously downregulated by corresponding inhibitors. The percentage of apoptotic cells for P‐gp inhibition group increased 2.9‐fold compared with that of control group (23.7±2.6 versus 8.1±3.0%, p<0.05), while for GST‐π inhibition, there was no obvious distinction between the experimental and control group. The simple microdevice is capable of integrating parallel operations involving cell culture and functional analysis, offering an easy and flexible platform for a stable long‐term cell culture and comparison research.
Investigations on trivalent arsenic tolerance and removal potential of a facultative marine Aspergillus niger
Authors: Vala Anjana K. , Sutariya Vishnu , Upadhyay R.V. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe main objective of this work was to examine tolerance of a facultative marine Aspergillus niger isolate toward trivalent arsenic and its arsenic removal potential. When exposed to different concentrations (25, 50, and 100 mg/L) of trivalent arsenic over a period of 9 days, the test fungus exhibited luxuriant growth at all the test concentrations. There was an increase in biomass accumulation with incubation period in all cases indicating the test culture's noteworthy tolerance towards all the three test concentrations of As[III]. Removal of arsenic (mg/g biomass dry weight) was found to be highest on Day 3 in all the cases. These preliminary observations are suggestive of possible exploitation of the test fungus for bioremediation purpose. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2010
‘Bankruptcy tourism’ under the EC regulation on insolvency proceedings: A view from England and Wales
Authors: Walters Adrian , Smith Anton 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis article provides an account of the emergent phenomenon of ‘bankruptcy tourism’—forum shopping by debtors for favourable personal insolvency law—within the EU and with particular reference to England and Wales. After outlining the structural features of the European legal framework that make forum shopping for personal insolvency law possible, including the EC Regulation on Insolvency Proceedings and explaining why England and Wales in particular has proved to be an attractive ‘tourist’ destination, the article charts how the official receivers and the courts in England and Wales have sought to manage the influx of foreign bankruptcies in terms of legal principle and process drawing on two reported cases, Eichler and Mitterfellner. It will be seen that the institutional response in England and Wales has been twofold. First, the ‘problem’ of forum shopping debtors has been framed as a problem of policing the line between genuine and fictional relocations. Secondly, there are signs that the procedural onus on debtors to evidence their claim to English jurisdiction before a bankruptcy order is made has been increased, a move that can be interpreted as a form of institutional resistance designed to raise the barrier to entry. Having sought to illuminate the problems, costs and inconvenience associated with forum shopping from a practitioner standpoint, we explore the ‘good’ versus ‘bad’ forum shopping question and consider the scope for reform of the EC Regulation. Adopting a creditor perspective, we conclude provisionally that the Regulation could usefully be reformed to limit the scope for insolvent debtors to switch their COMI in anticipation of filing for bankruptcy. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Response assessment in gastrointestinal stromal tumor
Authors: Desai Jayesh 
Published: October 2010

AbstractImatinib is standard first‐line treatment for patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Initial responses are not always accompanied by reductions in tumor size; consequently, other parameters should be considered in response assessments. Conventional size‐based criteria such as Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) may underestimate responses to imatinib and have poor predictive value for outcome. Imatinib‐responding tumors demonstrate decreased metabolic activity on positron emission tomography within the first weeks of treatment, often showing reduced density and greater homogeneity on computed tomography (CT) scans regardless of initial changes in tumor size. New criteria, based on reductions in tumor size or in tumor density on CT, seem more sensitive and specific for detecting early responses to imatinib, and more predictive of time to tumor progression and disease‐specific survival. Compared with conventional size‐based criteria, new CT‐based criteria may potentially offer improved response assessment and be predictive of outcome in GIST. However, such emerging criteria should be further explored and validated in large, multicenter trials with imatinib and other kinase inhibitors in GIST and in other solid tumors.
Spectroscopic identification of interactions of formaldehyde with bovine serum albumin
Authors: Liu Yihong , Liu Rutao , Mou Yue , Zhou Guangjun 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe mechanism of formaldehyde–protein interactions was investigated by determining the effects of formaldehyde on the common protein bovine serum albumin (BSA). The effects at the molecular level were determined by fluorescence, ultraviolet absorption, and circular dichroism (CD) spectrometry. Formaldehyde could decrease the amount of alpha‐helix, leading to loosening of the protein skeleton. In the loose structure, internal amino acids are exposed and the characteristic fluorescence of BSA is obviously quenched. The spectroscopic results reveal that formaldehyde exposure induces changes in the microenvironment and conformation of serum albumin, which could lead to toxic effects on the organism. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 25:95–100, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.20364