bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L'institution confrontée à l'enfermement et à l'ouverture
Authors: Amourous Charles 
Published: July 2012

Résumé L’actualité et l’observation ordinaire nous révèlent des tensions antinomiques entre l’organisation de prestations en « milieu ouvert » et l’instauration d’institutions totalement fermées. Comment peut-on, aujourd’hui, créer des établissements enclos ? Est-ce un projet élaboré ou une réaction à des peurs, à des pressions sécuritaires ? Sait-on ce qu’est l’enfermement et tout son carcan ? En retour, connaît-on les effets de l’ouverture ? L’étude, dans la durée, des milieux d’asiles et d’hospices nous permet de répondre par une double démarche : d’une part pénétrer un milieu d’exclusion et d’enfermement, pour découvrir quelle vie y mènent les pensionnaires ; d’autre part repérer les effets de l’ouverture progressive de ce type d’institution. Ces démarches nous autorisent à une analyse comparative amplifiée d’une typologie mythique et anthropologique. Telle la nature, la culture a horreur du vide. Même exclus et enfermés, les hommes élaborent une vie sociale. Ce vivre-ensemble est marqué par le pouvoir des dominants violents qui cumulent autorité et avantages ; il y a une forme de concentration hiérarchique rigide. L’institution qui s’entrouvre, s’enrichit de mouvements et d’échanges. D’un système à voie unique et centripète, elle passe à un ensemble varié aux rôles et activités diversifiés. La porte grande ouverte permet à l’organisation d’accéder à une décentration qui rend possible une coopération (endogène et exogène) et une communauté plus large et plus polymorphe. Mythologie romaine et anthropologie permettent une typologie comparative qui souligne le très net appauvrissement d’un milieu enclos, l’enrichissement d’une unité entrouverte, l’épanouissement d’une institution qui arrive à partager son destin avec ses voisins. Les milieux de vie, quels qu’ils soient, méritent une approche mythique et anthropologique qui permet de découvrir groupes et acteurs, dans toute leur humanité. Le mur doit laisser place à la frontière. La porte ne peut rester fermée dans les deux sens. Les échanges sont le souffle de la vie. L’enjeu est tel qu’il réclame tout l’engagement du chercheur qui ne peut pas ne pas souligner et ne pas dénoncer tout ce qui voile, freine et altère l’humain.
Proyecto “Nueva Cultura”
Authors: Iriarte M. 
Published: July 2012

Résumé Dans cet article, nous nous appuyons sur une expérience de terrain, dans le cadre d’un accompagnement d’une entreprise industrielle de 170 personnes qui a souhaité mettre en place une organisation horizontale. Cette nouvelle organisation devait intégrer les principes d’autogestion (notamment par la mise en place de mini-usines) et d’autonomie des personnes. Cependant, le fait de structurer la prise de décision pour mettre en place ce changement n’est pas suffisant et nécessite un véritable changement culturel. Nous proposons ainsi neuf principes méthodologiques pour structurer cette gestion du changement culturel.
Anthropometric Parameters of Nutritional Assessment as Predictive Factors of Arteriovenous Fistula Malfunction in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
Authors: Gagliardi Gian Manlio , Mancuso Domenico , Falbo Enrica , Mollica Francesco , Mollica Agata , Barcellona Elisabetta , Senatore Massimo , Bonofiglio Renzo 
Published: July 2012

Introduction To evaluate the role of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (W-C) and waist/hip ratio (WHR) on arteriovenous fistula (AVF) dysfunction. Methods We evaluated 84 HD patients with an average follow-up period of 31.3 ± 8.1 months, identifying 8 stenosis (STN) and 17 thrombosis (THR) cases. The association between paired variables was tested with Pearson's coefficient (r) and p-value, whereas the prognostic value on STN and THR was analysed using Cox's regression. The significant independent variables were indentified with an inverse step-wise approach defining the data as hazard ratio (HR). A double-event (Stenosis/Thrombosis) model, function of Body mass index and Waist/hip ratio was used. Arteriovenous fistula survival was assessed with the Kaplan-Meyer curve and the calculations were carried out with Graph-Pad. Results On univariate analysis, THR showed direct correlation with BMI (r=0.44, p<0.01), W-C (r=0.39, p<0.05) WHR (r=0.37, p<0.01), Hemoglobin (p<0.001), C-Reactive protein (p=0.01), Calcium/Phosforus product (p=0.03), Parathyroid hormone (p=0.03) and inverse with albumin (p<0.001) and systolic blood pressure (p=0.003). On multivariate analysis, BMI variations were not predictive of STN and THR, whereas each unitary WHR and W-C increase was predictive of an increase of risk of events (3.8% and 2.1% respectively). The prognostic power of W-C per STN (HR 1: 1.19; p<0.05) and THR (HR: 1.28; p<0.01) remained significant even after being adjusted to account for traditional risk factors. Conclusions Abdominal obesity increases the risk of AVF dysfunction. The W-C and WHR parameters, not BMI, emerge as independent STN and THR predictors.
Practical Limits to the Scope of Digital Preservation
Authors: Kastellec Mike 
Published: July 2012

This paper examines factors that limit the ability of institutions to digitally preserve the cultural heritage of the modern era. The author takes a wide-ranging approach to shed light on limitations to the scope of digital preservation. The author finds that technological limitations to digital preservation have been addressed but still exist, and that non-technical aspects—access, selection, law, and finances—move into the foreground as technological limitations recede. The author proposes a nested model of constraints to the scope of digital preservation and concludes that costs are digital preservation’s most pervasive limitation.
Synthesis and characterization of nanosilica/waterborne polyurethane end‐capped by alkoxysilane via a sol‐gel process
Authors: Zhai Lanlan , Liu Ruowang , Peng Feng , Zhang Yunhao , Zhong Kai , Yuan Jixin , Lan Yunjun 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA novel method was used to synthesis nanosilica/waterborne polyurethane (WPU) hybrids by in situ hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and/or 3‐aminopropyltriethoxylsilane bonding at the end of the WPU molecular chain. The hybrid was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results showed that the nanosilica/WPU hybrids with well‐dispersed nanosilica particles were synthesized, in which the particles had typical diameters of about 50 nm. In addition, XPS and FTIR analyses demonstrated that chemical interaction occurred between WPU and silica. The effects of TEOS on surface wettability, water resistance, mechanical strength, and thermal properties of the hybrid were also evaluated by contact angle measurements, water absorption tests, mechanical tests, and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. An increase in advancing contact angles, water resistance, and tensile strength, as well as decrease in elongation at break and glass transition temperature, were obtained with the addition of TEOS. Water absorption decreased from 17.3 to 5.5%. The tensile strength increased to a maximum of 29.7 MPa, an increase of about 34%. Elongations at break of the hybrids decreased 191%. These results were attributed to the effects of the nanosilica and the chemical interaction between WPU and silica. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Cationic polymerization of 1,3‐pentadiene coinitiated by zinc halides
Authors: Rozentsvet Victor A. , Kozlov Valery G. , Korovina Nelly A. , Ivanova Valentina P. , Kostjuk Sergei V. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractTechnology of industrial production of liquid rubber under trademark “SKOP” is based on the cationic polymerization of 1,3‐penadiene (piperylene) in the presence of TiCl4 or AlCl3‐based catalytic systems. The disadvantage of these catalytic systems is the high probability of formation of branched and insoluble fractions due to the chain transfer to polymer. This deteriorates the useful qualities of SKOP. Here we propose the new initiating systems for the cationic polymerization of 1,3‐pentadiene based on the homogeneous (dissolved in a minimal amount of diethyl ether) zinc halides (ZnCl2 and ZnBr2) as coinitiators and hydrochloric acid, tert‐butyl chloride or trichloroacetic acid as initiators. These initiating systems allow to synthesize fully soluble low molecular weight (Mn = 1000–3000 g mol−1) poly(1,3‐pentadiene)s with relatively narrow molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn < 2.0), which do not contain any high molecular weight and insoluble fractions in the whole range of monomer conversion. The polymers synthesized in the presence of zinc halides possess the same microstructure that those prepared with TiCl4 as coinitiator. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
New Upper and Lower Eigenvalue Bounds for the Solution of the Continuous AlgebraicRiccati Equation
Authors: Liu Jianzhou , Zhang Juan 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn this paper, applying majorization inequalities, new upper and lower bounds for summation of eigenvalues (including the trace) of the solution of the continuous algebraicRiccati equation are presented. Corresponding numerical examples illustrate that our new bounds extend some of the recent results.
Methanspeicherung in Kristallen
Authors: Stockmeyer R. , Monkenbusch M. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractUntersuchungen der Physisorption von Methan in verschiedenen Adsorbentien lassen Zeolith‐Mikrokristalle als Speichermaterial besonders geeignet erscheinen. Die statistische Interpretation von Adsorptionsisothermen liefert Hinweise auf die Bewegung von CH4‐Molekülen in den Gitterkäfigen der Kristallstruktur. Die zum Teil widersprüchlichen Schlußfolgerungen aus makroskopischen Daten werden durch direkte Messungen der Molekülbewegung auf mikroskopischer Ebene geklärt.
Density Studies in N‐(p‐n‐Butoxybenzylidene)‐p‐n‐Butylaniline
Authors: Rao J. V. , Rao N. V. S. , Pisipati V. G. K. M. , Murty C. R. K. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe density ρ of N‐(p‐n‐butoxybenzylidene) p‐n‐butylaniline (BBBA) has been measured as a function of temperature from SH to isotropic liquid phase. The compound exhibits three smectic and two nematic phases. The phases assigned are SH ↔ SB ↔ SA ↔ NC ↔ NO ↔ I. The change of ρ across the transition SH‐SB is more predominant than the other transitions. The SH‐SB, SA‐NC, and NC‐NO transitions have been observed for the first time from density studies. The variation of ρ with temperature and the calculated thermal expansion coefficients in liquid crystalline region suggest that all the transitions are of first order. It is suggested that the transition of NC‐NO at 59.4°C is cybotactic nematic to ordinary nematic phase.
Static Permittivity and Dielectric Relaxation of Solutions of Ions in Methanol
Authors: Kaatze U. , Adolph D. , Gottlob D. , Pottel R. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe frequency spectrum of the complex permittivity of methanolic salt solutions has been measured between 0.6 and 38 GHz. Two distinct relaxations arise in this frequency range. The relaxation time of the dominant process is 50 ps or even longer while that of the second process is smaller than 10 ps at 25°C. — The extrapolated static permittivity of the solutions is discussed with respect to the effects of kinetic polarization deficiency and dielectric saturation. Comparison with corresponding data for aqueous solutions shows, that solvation seems to be stronger in methanol than in water. This result is confirmed by the values obtained for the ion‐induced shift in the dielectric relaxation time of the dominant low‐frequency relaxation process.
A High‐Temperature, High‐Pressure Oscillating‐Disk Viscometer for Concentrated Ionic Solutions
Authors: Kestin J. , Paul R. , Shankland I. R. , Khalifa H. E. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn this paper we describe a new, high‐precision oscillating‐disk viscometer which has been designed specifically to measure the viscosity of concentrated ionic solutions at temperatures extending to 300°C and to pressures of 35 MPa, simultaneously. The viscometer is intended to provide reliable values of the viscosity of a wide spectrum of aqueous salt solutions under conditions similar to those prevailing in hydrothermal geothermal reservoirs. Results of preliminary calibration runs are included. They indicate that the behavior of the viscometer is reliable and satisfactory. This is further confirmed by new measurements of the viscosity of liquid water up to 200°C and 30 MPa.
An Indirect Method for Measuring Iodine Quenching Rate Constants Through a Chemical Laser
Authors: Arguello G. A. , Staricco E. H. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractMarked differences in laser action (1.315 μm) following flash photolysis of CF3I‐inert gas mixtures were observed. Through the measurement of optical gain and considering the contribution to line broadening, collisional relaxation rate constants were obtained. Using another iodine source, i.e. C2F5I experimental results showed no significant differences.
Preferential Removal of Co from CoPd‐Alloys in HCl/H2‐Gas Mixtures
Authors: Singheiser L. , Auer W. , Kaesche H. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe chlorination behaviour of Co and CoPd‐alloys with up to 90 weight‐% palladium was investigated in the temperature range from 1023 K to 1265 K with HCl‐pressures between 0.3 and 0.9 bar. For Co‐rich CoPd‐alloys a constant rate of weight loss was observed due to the formation of gaseous CoCl2 according to the reaction Co(CoPd) + 2HCl(g) → CoCl2(g) + H2(g).The results can be well understood by assuming that transport of gaseous CoCl2 through the gas boundary layer adjacent to the sample surface is the rate determining step of chlorination kinetics. These results are in good agreement with theoretical calculations of CoCl2‐vapor pressures and transport properties away from a flat plate. — Dissolution of Co from the alloy results in the formation of a very porous Pd‐rich layer. — At intermediate Pd‐contents, and during long times of chlorination, a linear‐parabolic chlorination behaviour was observed due to the rate determining CoCl2‐diffusion in pores. — At high Pd‐contents the chlorination behaviour is described by a parabolic rate law. Diffusion of Co in the alloy is then rate determining.
Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) at Pressures up to 5 kbar Configurational Contributions of Transition Entropies in the Plastic Crystals Cyclohexane and Diamantane
Authors: Sandrock R. , Schneider G. M. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA method of extrapolating configurational entropies from high pressure DSC data will be described. The method allows the separation of configurational entropies from entropy changes due to the volume changes of the transitions. The results on the solid‐solid transitions in the plastic crystals cyclohexane (with the use of literature data) and diamantane (using own experimental DSC measurements up to 5 kbar) are discussed with respect to the number of possible molecular orientations. Contrary to literature data rather small numbers are found that can be more easily discussed with consideration of the geometrical parameters of the molecule and the crystal lattice.
Energy Transfer from the Cyclohexane Singlet – A Pulse Radiolysis Study
Authors: Mehnert R. , Brede O. , Naumann W. , Hermann R. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAfter irradiation of liquid cyclohexane with 0.5 ns electron pulses time resolved emission from the cyclohexane singlet state (RH(S1)) was observed. From the decrease of the cyclohexane fluorescence lifetime by adding solutes (S) as alkanes, alkenes and aromatics rate constants of the energy transfer reaction
\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \begin{array}{*{20}c} {{\rm RH}({\rm S}^1) + {\rm S} \to {\rm S}({\rm S}^1) + {\rm RH}} & {(1)} \\ \end{array} $\end{document} were determined. The rate constants of reaction (1) showed a pronounced dependence on the zero‐zero singlet energy difference ΔE of the donor acceptor pair. This k1 vs. ΔE dependence is explained in terms of changes in the Franck‐Condon vibrational overlap factors as well as by a classical model according to Rehm and Weller [1].
Effect of Surface Hydrolysis at Tin Dioxide Polycrystalline Thin Film Electrodes on Dye Sensitization Quantum Efficiency
Authors: Bressel Burkhard , Gerischer Heinz 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe quantum efficiency of dye sensitization at polycrystalline SnO2 thin films can reach a high value close to ϕ = 1 if determined immediately after preparation, however it slowly drops down to low values (ϕ ∼ 0.01) after inserting the electrode into aqueous electrolyte solutions. The quantum efficiency decay rate depends on the electrolyte composition. Capacitance and cyclic voltammetry measurements indicate the formation of an insulating layer. Auger‐ and IR‐reflection spectra have been used to identify this layer as a mixed oxide/hydroxide formed by hydrolysis of the surface oxide. This layer acts as an energy barrier for the injection current from the excited dye molecule thus decreasing the sensitization quantum efficiency.
Ultrasonic Absorption Measurements Near the Critical Point of a Reactive Binary Mixture
Authors: Dunker H. , Woermann D. , Bhattacharjee Jayanta K. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractMeasurements of sound attenuation and velocity in the homogeneous phase near the critical mixing point of isobutyric acid and water have been carried out. The data are obtained by a pulse transmission technique at seven frequencies between 9 and 45 MHz in a temperature range between 26.29°C and 40 °C. The experimental results are analysed in terms of a theory of critical ultrasonic absorption proposed by Bhattacharjee and Ferrell which contains no adjustable parameters. All the values of these parameters are known for the investigated system from independent experiments. The frequency dependence of the absorption coefficient of ultrasound at the critical temperature is in good agreement with this theory which takes into account only sound absorption by local concentration fluctuations. The absorption data obtained at temperatures away from the critical temperature do not scale when plotted as function of a reduced frequency given by the theory. This clearly indicates an additional mechanism causing absorption of ultrasound. This additional sound absorption can be represented by a single temperature dependent relaxation process. It is assumed that this process is due to an unspecified chemical reaction. The temperature dependence of the relaxation time follows a power law of the form τr ∝︁ (T‐Tc)−a with 1 ≤ a ≤ 1.25. This result seems to support the idea of Gitterman. Procaccia and Hentschel that chemical reactions slow down near the critical point.
The Viscosity of Carbon‐Monoxide Mixtures with Four Gases in the Temperature Range 25–200°C. Supplement
Authors: Kestin J. , Ro S. T. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe paper reports new, absolute measurements of the viscosity of carbon monoxide (CO) with krypton (Kr), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and carbon tetra‐fluoride (CF4). The measurements have been carried out in an oscillating‐disk viscometer at a pressure of 0.1 MPa in the temperature range 25–200 °C. The accuracy is estimated to lie between ± 0.1 % and ± 0.2%. The data have been correlated by means of the two‐parameter extended law of corresponding states. They have been utilized to derive binary diffusion coefficients. This paper is a supplement to an earlier publication on mixtures with He, Ne, Ar, and N2. The great similarity between the viscosity of binary mixtures with N2 and CO, respectively, is confirmed to a high degree of accuracy.
Current‐Voltage Relationship for a Fixed Charge Membrane
Authors: Seshadri M. S. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe range of validity of the electroneutrality assumption is examined in the context of a membrane model, a fixed charge membrane permeable only to the counter ions. Following the treatment of MacGillivray, the perturbation approach employed invokes asymptotic matching procedures to match the solutions in the two boundary layers with those in the membrane core. The perturbation parameter is the ratio of the Debye length to the membrane thickness. It turns out that in the membrane core, electroneutrality and constant field obtain to all orders in the perturbation parameter. It is pointed out that these features are peculiar to the model considered. A current‐voltage relationship is also derived.
Dimerisierung einiger organischer Säuren in der Gasphase
Authors: Büttner R. , Maurer G. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractExperimental results for the compressibility factor of formic acid, acetic acid, and acrylic acid in the low pressure region at temperatures between 45 and 120 °C were used to determine the dimerization constant (2 A ⇌ AA) of these carboxylic acids in the vapour phase. The direct experimental results were evaluated applying three different models for the composition of the gas phase: besides monomers and dimers also the presence of trimers or tetramers was assumed. All three evaluations resulted only in small differences in the entropy and enthalpy of dimerization (maximum differences 6.3 and 5.7 per cent respectively for acetic acid). Assuming the existence of trimers or tetramers resulted in an essentially better agreement between calculated and measured compressibility factors only for formic and acetic acid, but not for acrylic acid. When only the formation of dimers is considered the following dimerization constants were obtained:

Formic acid: ln KAA = −18.0763 + 7130.9/(T/K)
Acetic acid: ln KAA = −19.1001 + 7928.7/(T/K)
Acrylic acid: ln KAA = −22.2774 + 9308.1/(T/K)
Kinetic Modeling of CO Production from the Reaction of CH3with O2in Shock Waves
Authors: Hsu D. S. Y. , Shaub W. M. , Creamer T. , Gutman D. , Lin M. C. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractCO concentration‐time profiles have been measured by using CO laser resonance absorption in shock tube experiments on the reaction of CH3with O2in the temperature range from 1150 to 1560 K. Computer kinetic modeling of our profile data yieldedk2= 1.0 x 1014e−(15,500 ± 1,100)/Tcm3mol sec for the CH3+ O2→ CH3O + O reaction. An RRKM calculation, which took into consideration branching of the CH3+ O2reaction into different product channels, revealed that by assuming a loose transition state (allowing two free internal rotations) leading to the CH3O + O product channel, we could account very satisfactorily for our results as well as those reported previously for the reaction. A three‐parameter leastsquares fit of a smooth curve covering data from three independent studies gave rise to the expression:k2= 2.20 x 1034(T/K)−5.94exp (–21,300 K/T) cm3mol sec for the temperature range 1150‐2300 K.