bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disulfidptosis in head and neck squamous carcinoma: Integrative bioinformatic and in‐vitro analysis
Authors: Huang Xufeng , Yang Jinyan , Wang Qi , Fu Rao , Wen Xutao , Li Zhengrui , Zhang Ling 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundHead and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSC) is a prevalent global malignancy with limited treatment options, which necessitates the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Disulfidptosis, a recently discovered and unique cell death pathway, may offer promise as a treatment target in HNSC.Materials and MethodsWe identified disulfidptosis‐related genes (DRGs) using multiple algorithms and developed a prognostic model based on a disulfidptosis‐related gene index (DRGI). The model's predictive accuracy was assessed by ROC‐AUC, and patients were stratified by risk scores. We investigated the tumor immune microenvironment, immune responses, tumorigenesis pathways, and chemotherapy sensitivity (IC50). We also constructed a diagnostic model using 20 machine‐learning algorithms and validated PCBP2 expression through RT‐qPCR and western blot.ResultsWe developed a 12‐DRG DRGI prognostic model, classifying patients into high‐ and low‐risk groups, with the high‐risk group experiencing poorer clinical outcomes. Notable differences in tumor immune microenvironment and chemosensitivity were observed, with reduced immune activity and suboptimal treatment responses in the high‐risk group. Advanced machine learning and in‐vitro experiments supported DRGI's potential as a reliable HNSC diagnostic biomarker.ConclusionWe established a novel DRGI‐based prognostic and diagnostic model for HNSC, exploring its tumor immune microenvironment implications, and offering valuable insights for future research and clinical trials.
Skin‐centered strategies in food allergy prevention
Authors: Braun Camille , Coutier Laurianne , Bégin Philippe , Nosbaum Audrey 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile the early introduction of food allergens in the infant diet has been shown to be effective at preventing the development of food allergy (FA), its implementation in real life has been associated with various challenges. Interventions aimed at correcting skin barrier dysfunction have been explored in recent decades as a distinct or complementary mean to prevent allergic sensitization through the skin and subsequent development of FA. Studies assessing the application of emollient from birth have yielded conflicting results, and meta‐analyses have demonstrated either no effect or only a slight positive effect on FA prevention. However, a careful review of the clinical trials reveals that different emollients were used, which may have explained some of the discrepancies between study results. Emollient application protocols also varied widely between studies. While firm conclusions cannot be drawn with regard to their overall efficacy at preventing FA, the available data provide valuable insight into the characteristics that could be associated with a more effective intervention. Namely, successful trials tended to use emollients with an acidic pH of 5.5, applied over the entire body, and combined with topical corticosteroids in affected areas. Consensus on the optimal strategy to restore skin barrier function could help improve the homogeneity and clinical relevance of future trials on this topic. In the meantime, clinicians should avoid products associated with worse outcomes.
Partial root‐zone drying irrigation improves intrinsic water‐use efficiency and maintains high photosynthesis by uncoupling stomatal and mesophyll conductance in cotton leaves
Authors: Hu Wei , Loka Dimitra A. , Yang Yuanli , Wu Ziqing , Wang Jun , Liu Lin , Wang Shanshan , Zhou Zhiguo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPartial root‐zone drying irrigation (PRD) can improve water‐use efficiency (WUE) without reductions in photosynthesis; however, the mechanism by which this is attained is unclear. To amend that, PRD conditions were simulated by polyethylene glycol 6000 in a root‐splitting system and the effects of PRD on cotton growth were studied. Results showed that PRD decreased stomatal conductance (gs) but increased mesophyll conductance (gm). Due to the contrasting effects on gs and gm, net photosynthetic rate (AN) remained unaffected, while the enhanced gm/gs ratio facilitated a larger intrinsic WUE. Further analyses indicated that PRD‐induced reduction of gs was related to decreased stomatal size and stomatal pore area in adaxial and abaxial surface which was ascribed to lower pore length and width. PRD‐induced variation of gm was ascribed to the reduced liquid‐phase resistance, due to increases in chloroplast area facing to intercellular airspaces and the ratio of chloroplast surface area to total mesophyll cell area exposed to intercellular airspaces, as well as to decreases in the distance between cell wall and chloroplast, and between adjacent chloroplasts. The above results demonstrate that PRD, through alterations to stomatal and mesophyll structures, decoupled gs and gm responses, which ultimately increased intrinsic WUE and maintained AN.
Leaf water relations determine the trade‐off between ozone resistance and stomatal functionality in urban tree species
Authors: Li Shenglan , Li Shuangjiang , Agathokleous Evgenios , Hao Guangyou , Wang Shenglei , Feng Zhaozhong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUrban trees possess different capacities to mitigate ozone (O3) pollution through stomatal uptake. Stomatal closure protects trees from oxidative damage but limits their growth. To date, it is unclear how plant hydraulic function affect stomatal behaviour and determine O3 resistance. We assessed gas exchange and hydraulic traits in three subtropical urban tree species, Celtis sinensis, Quercus acutissima, and Q. nuttallii, under nonfiltered ambient air (NF) and elevated O3 (NF60). NF60 decreased photosynthetic rate (An) and stomatal conductance (gs) only in Q. acutissima and Q. nuttallii. Maintained An in C. sinensis suggested high O3 resistance and was attributed to higher leaf capacitance at the full turgor. However, this species exhibited a reduced stomatal sensitivity to vapour pressure deficit and an increased minimal gs under NF60. Such stomatal dysfunction did not decrease intrinsic water use efficiency (WUE) due to a tight coupling of An and gs. Conversely, Q. acutissima and Q. nuttallii showed maintained stomatal sensitivity and increased WUE, primarily correlated with gs and leaf water relations, including relative water content and osmotic potential at turgor loss point. Our findings highlight a trade‐off between O3 resistance and stomatal functionality, with efficient stomatal control reducing the risk of hydraulic failure under combined stresses.
Viscosity effects on the dynamics of diols and diol‐based deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Chatterjee Srijan , Deshmukh Samadhan H. , Chowdhury Tubai , Bagchi Sayan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDiols, characterized by the presence of two hydroxyl groups, form extended hydrogen‐bonded networks. Increasing hydrocarbon chain length is known to elevate the viscosity of diols. Given the established influence of viscosity on solvent dynamics, it becomes imperative to comprehend the impact of viscosity on the fluctuation dynamics within diols and establish connections with hydrogen bond formation and breaking dynamics. In this study, we employ two‐dimensional infrared spectroscopy to investigate the viscosity dependence of the structural evolution dynamics in three diols with varying chain lengths. Complementing our experimental approach, molecular dynamics simulations are conducted to extract hydrogen bond lifetimes. Our findings reveal a linear correlation between bulk viscosity, solvent fluctuation timescales, and hydrogen bond lifetimes. Notably, the selected diols exhibit the capability to form deep eutectic solvents upon mixing with choline chloride at specific molar ratios. In contrast to molecular solvents like diols, deep eutectic solvents are characterized by the formation of heterogeneous nanodomains, comprising various intercomponent hydrogen‐bonded networks. Interestingly, our observations indicate that while the fluctuation dynamics decelerate with increasing bulk viscosity in diol‐based deep eutectic solvents, the relationship between viscosity and dynamics is not linear, in contrast to the observed linearity in diols. This nuanced understanding contributes to the broader comprehension of the interplay between viscosity and dynamics in both molecular and deep eutectic solvents.
Biochemical characterization and metabolic reprogramming of amino acids in Soybean roots under drought stress
Authors: Wang Xiyue , Li Xiaomei , Dong Shoukun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAmino acids play important roles in stress resistance, plant growth, development, and quality, with roots serving as the primary organs for drought response. We conducted biochemical and multi‐omics analyses to investigate the metabolic processes of root amino acids in drought‐resistant (HN44) and drought‐sensitive (HN65) soybean (Glycine max) varieties. Our analysis revealed an increase in total amino acid content in both varieties, with phenylalanine, proline, and methionine accumulating in both. Additionally, several amino acids exhibited significant decreases in HN65 but slight increases in HN44. Multi‐omics association analysis identified 13 amino acid‐related pathways. We thoroughly examined the changes in genes and metabolites involved in various amino acid metabolism/synthesis and determined core genes and metabolites through correlation networks. The phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan metabolic pathways and proline, glutamic acid and sulfur‐containing amino acid pathways were particularly important for drought resistance. Some candidate genes, such as ProDH and P4HA family genes, and metabolites, such as O‐acetyl‐L‐serine, directly affected up‐ and downstream metabolism to induce drought resistance. This study provided a basis for soybean drought resistance breeding.
Emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccum Schuebl.) favours high photosynthetic capacity adaptation to low nitrogen stress
Authors: Zhang Siqi , Xu Libing , Lu Yanhua , Liu Xiaoxue , Jiang Dong , Dai Tingbo , Tian Zhongwei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlthough tetraploid wheat has rich genetic variability for cultivar improvement, its physiological mechanisms associated with photosynthetic productivity and resilience under nitrogen (N) deficit stress have not been investigated. In this study, we selected emmer wheat (Kronos, tetraploid), Yangmai 25 (YM25, hexaploid), and Chinese Spring (CS, hexaploid) as materials and investigated the differences in net photosynthetic rate (Pn), carboxylation capacity, electron transfer capacity, photosynthetic product output, and photosynthetic N allocation under normal N (CK) and low N (LN) through hydroponic experiments. Tetraploid emmer wheat (Kronos) had a stronger photosynthetic capacity than hexaploid wheat (YM25, CS) under low N stress, which mainly associated with the higher degree of PSII opening, electron transfer rate, Rubisco content and activity, ATP/ADP ratio, Rubisco activase (Rca) activity and Rubisco activation state, and more leaves N allocation to the photosynthetic apparatus, especially the proportion of N allocation to carboxylation under low N stress. Moreover, Kronos reduced the feedback inhibition of photosynthesis by sucrose accumulation through higher sucrose phosphate synthetase (SPS) activity and triose phosphate utilization rate (VTPU). Overall, Kronos could allocate more N to the photosynthetic components to improve Rubisco content and activity to maintain photosynthetic capacity under low N stress while enhancing triose phosphate output to reduce feedback inhibition of photosynthesis. This study reveals the physiological mechanisms of emmer wheat that maintain the photosynthetic capacity under low N stress, which will provide indispensable germplasm resources for elite low‐N‐tolerant wheat improvement and breeding.
Acting(s) without consequence: The (lack of) public costs for vacancies and acting officials
Authors: Miller David R. , Piper Chris 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile acting officials in federal agencies have become more common in recent years, presidents still utilize the traditional nomination process, which constrains presidents' choices, for most executive branch appointments. Recent work emphasizes presidents' incentives for using acting officials, but few scholars have considered what keeps presidents from using them even more often. We argue presidents' use of acting officials, like other forms of unilateral action, is constrained by public opinion; while actings may be expeditious policy tools for presidents, the public perceives them to undermine the executive branch's legitimacy and competence and punishes presidents accordingly. Through three survey experiments leveraging real‐world instances of President Joe Biden's usage of acting officials, we find little evidence the public reacts negatively to acting officials in agency leadership. While some institutional forces must encourage presidents to seek senatorial advice and consent for their nominees, our evidence does not indicate public opinion provides that constraint.
‘It's the kids that suffer’: Exploring how the UK's benefit cap and two‐child limit harm children
Authors: Andersen Kate , Redman Jamie , Stewart Kitty , Patrick Ruth 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe benefit cap and the two‐child limit reduce entitlement for households claiming means‐tested benefits and disproportionately affect households with dependent children. This article explores the harms the policies are doing to children through drawing upon data collected from interviews with parents affected by the benefit cap and the two‐child limit. To investigate the impacts of these policies we draw on the Investment Model and the Family Stress Model, models principally developed by quantitative scholars seeking to understand how economic disadvantage adversely affects children over the longer‐term. While there has been frequent quantitative analysis of these models, there has been very little qualitative engagement with them: this article directly addresses this gap in the literature. We show that the benefit cap and the two‐child limit cause multiple and severe overlapping harms to children, principally by exacerbating and deepening financial economic disadvantage. Our research evidence illuminates causal processes underpinning both the Investment Model and the Family Stress Model, but also reveals additional harms that are not foregrounded by either model. We conclude by calling for the removal of both policies as a vital first step in reducing child poverty, and further reflect on the need for greater recognition of the harm child poverty does to experiences of childhood; as well as to their future selves.
A systematic review of procedural modalities in the treatment of notalgia paresthetica
Authors: Nilforoushzadeh Mohammad Ali , Ghane Yekta , Heidari Nazila , Azizi Hanieh , Fathabadi Fatemeh , Najar Nobari Niloufar , Heidari Amirhossein 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundNotalgia paresthetica (NP) is a rare condition characterized by localized pain and pruritus of the upper back, associated with a distinct area of hyperpigmentation. Given the lack of standardized treatment and the uncertain efficacy of available options, applying procedural methods is of growing interest in treating NP.AimsWe sought to comprehensively evaluate the role of procedural treatments for NP.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed/Medline, Ovid Embase, and Web of Science until November 14th, 2023. We also performed a citation search to detect all relevant studies. Original clinical studies published in the English language were included.ResultsOut of 243 articles, sixteen studies have reported various procedural modalities, with or without pharmacological components, in treating NP. Pharmacological procedures, including injections of botulinum toxin, lidocaine, and corticosteroids, led to a level of improvement in case reports and case series. However, botulinum toxin did not show acceptable results in a clinical trial. Moreover, non‐pharmacological procedures were as follows: physical therapy, exercise therapy, kinesiotherapy, acupuncture and dry needling, electrical muscle stimulation, surgical decompression, and phototherapy. These treatments result in significant symptom control in refractory cases. Physical therapy can be considered a first‐line choice or an alternative in refractory cases.ConclusionProcedural modalities are critical in the multidisciplinary approach to NP, especially for patients who are refractory to topical and oral treatments. Procedural modalities include a spectrum of options that can be applied based on the disease's symptoms and severity.
State attachment and gubernatorial approval
Authors: Winburn Jonathan , Fudge Daniel J. , Murphy Joseph , Griffin Bailey 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this article is to examine what drives individual attitudes toward their governor with a focus on the role of place attachment as a means of diffuse support.MethodsUsing original surveys from March and May 2020, we test the role of place attachment in explaining gubernatorial approval.ResultsWe find state or place attachment is a strong predictor of gubernatorial approval especially among individuals who live in a state with a governor from the other party.ConclusionState attachment can be an important and unique influence on political attitudes toward state politics.
High CD34‐positive cell dose in matched unrelated donor allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant is not associated with graft‐versus‐host disease or mortality
Authors: Avigan Zachary M. , Dias Ajoy L. , Dodge Laura E. , Arnason Jon E. , Joyce Robin M. , Liegel Jessica , Rosenblatt Jacalyn , Weinstock Matthew J. , Avigan David E. , Haspel Richard L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundCD34+ stem cells serve as the primary graft source for allogeneic transplants, with a minimum of 2–4 × 106 cells/kg needed for engraftment. There are conflicting data on outcomes at high stem cell doses, with studies limited by few patients receiving doses far above the minimum target.Study design and MethodsIn this retrospective, single‐center study of patients with hematologic malignancies who underwent matched unrelated donor transplants, we assessed outcomes for engraftment, survival, relapse, and graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) for the highest CD34+ dose quintile (>13 × 106 cells/kg, n = 36) compared to the remaining patients (n = 139). Similar analysis was performed correlating T cell dose and outcomes.ResultsThere was no difference between the groups in neutrophil engraftment, with a trend toward faster platelet engraftment. There was no significant difference in mortality (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] = 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.85–1.22), relapse (aRR = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.85–1.42), or overall survival by Kaplan–Meier analysis (p = .44). High CD34+ dose was not associated with higher incidence of acute GVHD (aRR = 0.99 grades II–IV, aRR = 1.18 grades III–IV) or chronic GVHD (aRR = 0.87 overall, RR = 1.21 severe). There was limited correlation between CD34+ and T cell dose (R2 = .073), and there was no significant difference in survival, relapse, or GVHD in the highest T cell dose quintile (n = 33) compared to the remaining quintiles (n = 132).DiscussionWe found no difference in survival, relapse, or GVHD incidence or severity in patients receiving CD34+ doses above prior cutoffs reported in the literature. These data do not support the routine use of graft CD34+ dose reduction.
Bilateral pyogranulomatous otitis externa with putative cartilage destruction in a dog: A severe case of auricular chondritis?
Authors: De Lucia Michela , Mendes Carolina , Bertolini Giovanna 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAuricular chondritis of unknown cause was suspected in a 10‐year‐old male Bolognese dog with a five‐month history of painful bilateral nodular and ulcerative pyogranulomatous dermatitis of the pinnae with putative auricular cartilage destruction. Pain and lesions resolved with immunosuppressive doses of prednisolone, yet the condition resulted in deformity of both pinnae and external canals.
Philippine English variation in police blotters
Authors: Servano Ersweetcel C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhilippine English variation in lexicon is visible in the language of police blotters. In the process of police blotter writing, only the English written document is used as the basis of investigation, as an attachment to court documents and as a news source. To determine the Philippine English variation in the lexicon in the English transcriptions of Cebuano oral complaints, Y. Kachru and Nelson's perspective on creativity and innovation is used to analyse the police blotters. The Philippine English variation that appears in such blotters shows how Philippine English is not a monolithic construct, but is affected by the sociolinguistic realities of the Philippines.
Wild rabbits are Leishmania infantum reservoirs in southeastern Spain
Authors: Martín‐Sánchez Joaquina , Díaz‐Sáez Victoriano , Morillas‐Márquez Francisco , Corpas‐López Victoriano , Ibáñez‐De Haro Patricia , Torres‐Llamas Andrés , Morales‐Yuste Manuel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe contribute to the understanding of the transmission dynamics of Leishmania infantum suggesting the involvement of rabbits as wild reservoirs.ResultsThe prevalence of infection was 86.0% (270/314 wild rabbits) ranging from 18.2% to 100% in natural geographical regions. The estimated average parasite load was 324.8 [CI 95% 95.3–554.3] parasites per mg of ear lobe ranging from 0 to 91,597 parasites/mg per tissue section.ConclusionsA positive correlation was found between skin parasite load in wild rabbits and human incidence with evidence of the presence of the same L. infantum genotypes in rabbits and humans, providing new epidemiological and biological basis for the consideration of wild rabbits as a relevant L. infantum wild reservoir. Molecular parasite surveillance reflects the great genotypic variability of the parasite population in wild rabbits. Most of these genotypes have also been found to infect humans, dogs and sandflies in the region. Our findings also highlight that direct genotyping of the parasite in host tissues should be used for molecular surveillance of the parasite instead of cultured isolates.
Computing Galois cohomology of a real linear algebraic group
Authors: Borovoi Mikhail , de Graaf Willem A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLet be a linear algebraic group, not necessarily connected or reductive, over the field of real numbers . We describe a method, implemented on computer, to find the first Galois cohomology set . The output is a list of 1‐cocycles in . Moreover, we describe an implemented algorithm that, given a 1‐cocycle , finds the cocycle in the computed list to which is equivalent, together with an element of realizing the equivalence.