bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Race, Insurance, Socioeconomic Status, and Hospital Type on Receipt of Guideline-Concordant Adjuvant Systemic Therapy for Locoregional Breast Cancers
Authors: Wu Xiao-Cheng , Lund Mary Jo , Kimmick Gretchen G. , Richardson Lisa C. , Sabatino Susan A. , Chen Vivien W. , Fleming Steven T. , Morris Cyllene R. , Huang Bin , Trentham-Dietz Amy , Lipscomb Joseph 
Published: December 2011

For breast cancer, guidelines direct the delivery of adjuvant systemic therapy on the basis of lymph node status, histology, tumor size, grade, and hormonal receptor status. We explored how race/ethnicity, insurance, census tract-level poverty and education, and hospital Commission on Cancer (CoC) status were associated with the receipt of guideline-concordant adjuvant systemic therapy. Methods Locoregional breast cancers diagnosed in 2004 (n = 6,734) were from the National Program of Cancer Registries–funded seven-state Patterns of Care study of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Predictors of guideline-concordant (receiving/not receiving) adjuvant systemic therapy, according to National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines, were explored by logistic regression. Results Overall, 35% of women received nonguideline chemotherapy, 12% received nonguideline regimens, and 20% received nonguideline hormonal therapy. Significant predictors of nonguideline chemotherapy included Medicaid insurance (odds ratio [OR], 0.66; 95% CI, 0.50 to 0.86), high-poverty areas (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.96), and treatment at non-CoC hospitals (OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.85), with adjustment for age, registry, and clinical variables. Predictors of nonguideline regimens among chemotherapy recipients included lack of insurance (OR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.25 to 0.92), high-poverty areas (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.51 to 0.97), and low-education areas (OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.89) after adjustment. Living in high-poverty areas (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.64 to 0.96) and treatment at non-CoC hospitals (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.55 to 0.83) predicted nonguideline hormonal therapy after adjustment. ORs for poverty, education, and insurance were attenuated in the full models. Conclusion Sociodemographic and hospital factors are associated with guideline-concordant use of systemic therapy for breast cancer. The identification of modifiable factors that lead to nonguideline treatment may reduce disparities in breast cancer survival.
Quantitative Trait Loci Association Mapping by Imputation of Strain Origins in Multifounder Crosses
Authors: Zhou Jin J , Ghazalpour Anatole , Sobel Eric M , Sinsheimer Janet S , Lange Kenneth 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Although mapping quantitative traits in inbred strains is simpler than mapping the analogous traits in humans, classical inbred crosses suffer from reduced genetic diversity compared to experimental designs involving outbred animal populations. Multiple crosses, for example the Complex Trait Consortium's eight-way cross, circumvent these difficulties. However, complex mating schemes and systematic inbreeding raise substantial computational difficulties. Here we present a method for locally imputing the strain origins of each genotyped animal along its genome. Imputed origins then serve as mean effects in a multivariate Gaussian model for testing association between trait levels and local genomic variation. Imputation is a combinatorial process that assigns the maternal and paternal strain origin of each animal on the basis of observed genotypes and prior pedigree information. Without smoothing, imputation is likely to be ill-defined or jump erratically from one strain to another as an animal's genome is traversed. In practice, one expects to see long stretches where strain origins are invariant. Smoothing can be achieved by penalizing strain changes from one marker to the next. A dynamic programming algorithm then solves the strain imputation process in one quick pass through the genome of an animal. Imputation accuracy exceeds 99% in practical examples and leads to high-resolution mapping in simulated and real data. The previous fastest quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping software for dense genome scans reduced compute times to hours. Our implementation further reduces compute times from hours to minutes with no loss in statistical power. Indeed, power is enhanced for full pedigree data.
How Often Are Teens Arrested for Sexting? Data From a National Sample of Police Cases
Authors: Wolak Janis , Finkelhor David , Mitchell Kimberly J. 
Published: December 2011

Objective:
To examine characteristics of youth sexting cases handled by police and their outcomes in response to clinical and other concerns about the risks of sexting behavior.

Methods:
Mail surveys were sent to a stratified national sample of 2712 law enforcement agencies followed by detailed telephone interviews with investigators about a nationally representative sample of sexting cases handled by police during 2008 and 2009 (n = 675). The cases involved “youth-produced sexual images” that constituted child pornography under relevant statutes according to respondents.

Results:
US law enforcement agencies handled an estimated 3477 cases of youth-produced sexual images during 2008 and 2009 (95% confidence interval: 3282–3672). Two-thirds of the cases involved an “aggravating” circumstance beyond the creation and/or dissemination of a sexual image. In these aggravated cases, either an adult was involved (36% of cases) or a minor engaged in malicious, non-consensual, or abusive behavior (31% of cases). An arrest occurred in 62% of cases with an adult involved, in 36% of the aggravated youth-only cases, and in 18% of the “experimental” cases (youth-only and no aggravating elements). Most of the images (63%) were distributed by cell phone only and did not reach the Internet. Sex offender registration applied in only a few unusual cases.

Conclusions:
Many of the youth sexting cases that come to the attention of police include aggravating circumstances that raise concerns about health and risky sexual behavior, although some cases were relatively benign. Overall, arrest is not typical in cases with no adults involved.
Oral Care Practices and A1c Among Youth With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Merchant Anwar T. , Oranbandid Supatra , Jethwani Monica , Choi Youn‐Hee , Morrato Elaine H. , Pitiphat Waranuch , Mayer‐Davis Elizabeth J. 
Published: December 2011

Background: Periodontal treatment is associated with lower hemoglobin A1c in individuals with diabetes, but the relationship between oral hygiene practices and A1c among youth with diabetes is understudied.Methods: This study evaluates the cross‐sectional relationships among oral health habits, reported oral conditions, and A1c and control of diabetes among a subset of youth with diabetes enrolled in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study in South Carolina. Oral hygiene practices were determined by questionnaire, and periodontal bone loss was defined as alveolar bone loss ≥3 mm on ≥1 permanent tooth site on preexisting bitewing radiographs. A1c was considered controlled if individuals were aged ≤6 years with A1c <8.5%; aged 7 to 11 years with A1c <8.0%; aged 12 to 18 years with A1c <7.5%; and aged ≥19 years with A1c <7.0%.Results: Among 155 participants, 68% brushed their teeth no less than once daily, 84% flossed, and 70% rinsed, respectively, less than once a week. Diabetes control was associated with toothbrushing (≥1 time daily [odds ratio (OR) = 3.10; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.26 to 7.62] and using mouthrinse at least once weekly (OR = 3.33; 95% CI = 1.30 to 8.54) after multivariate adjustment. Periodontal bone loss was three times more common among those with dry mouth (OR = 3.05; 95% CI = 1.07 to 8.70).Conclusions: Clinicians should be aware that children with diabetes tend to have poor oral hygiene practices. Dry mouth may indicate periodontal bone loss in children with diabetes.
The Effect of Internal Versus External Abutment Connection Modes on Crestal Bone Changes Around Dental Implants: A Radiographic Analysis
Authors: Koo Ki‐Tae , Lee Eun‐Jeong , Kim Jae‐Yoon , Seol Yang‐Jo , Han Jung Suk , Kim Tae‐Il , Lee Yong Moo , Ku Young , Wikesjö Ulf M.E. , Rhyu In‐Chul 
Published: December 2011

Background: To the best of our knowledge, the influence of external versus internal implant–abutment connections on crestal bone remodeling has not been reported. The aim of the present study is to investigate the influence of the abutment connection on peri‐implant crestal bone levels (CBLs) using radiographic recordings.Methods: Radiographic recordings from 40 single‐tooth implants (20 external and 20 internal octagonal connections; one implant/patient) in 40 patients (15 males and 25 females; mean age: 54.3 years) were selected for analyses. The radiographic evaluation included the following: 1) linear bone change (LBC); 2) dimensional change (DC); and 3) angle between the implant and adjacent bone (AIB). Differences in LBC, DC, and AIB between implant placement and 1 year after loading for each system were evaluated using a paired t test. Comparison of LBC, DC, and AIB between systems at 1 year after loading was done using analysis of covariance. The significance level was set at P ≤0.05.Results: Radiographic CBLs (LBCs) were reduced at 1 year after loading compared to those at implant placement to reach statistical significance for the external connection (P = 0.000) but not the internal connection (P = 0.939). CBL changes were significantly greater for the external compared to the internal connection (P = 0.000). Similarly, the DC for the external connection was significantly greater compared to that for the internal connection (P = 0.004).Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, the implant–abutment connection technology appears to have a significant impact on peri‐implant CBLs, with the external connection paralleled by a significant reduction of CBLs.
Plasma Rich In Growth Factors Promote Gingival Tissue Regeneration by Stimulating Fibroblast Proliferation and Migration and by Blocking Transforming Growth Factor‐β1‐Induced Myodifferentiation
Authors: Anitua Eduardo , Troya María , Orive Gorka 
Published: December 2011

Background: Periodontitis involves inflammation and infection of the ligaments and bones that support the teeth. Gingival fibroblasts are the most abundant cells in periodontal tissue, and they play a role in maintaining the structural integrity of the tissue. Plasma rich in growth factors contain a pool of proteins and growth factors that promote wound healing and tissue regeneration. In the present study, we evaluate the potential of different formulations obtained with this approach to stimulate several biologic processes involved in wound healing, including fibroblast proliferation, migration, adhesion, and the autocrine release of some angiogenic factors and extracellular matrix components. Furthermore, the ability of this technology to prevent and inhibit transforming growth factor β1‐induced myodifferentiation was also determined.Methods: Cell proliferation was evaluated through a colorimetric assay, cell migration was performed on culture inserts, and cell adhesion was studied through a fluorescence‐based method. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine some of the biomolecules released by gingival fibroblasts. Smooth muscle actin expression was assessed through immunofluorescence microscopy.Results: Results showed that plasma rich in growth factors significantly increased gingival fibroblast proliferation, migration, and cell adhesion on type I collagen matrix. In addition, it stimulated the autocrine expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, and hyaluronic acid. The myofibroblast phenotype, which is characterized by expressing α‐smooth muscle actin, was inhibited and reverted by treating with this technology.Conclusion: These findings suggest that plasma rich in growth factors is capable of promoting regeneration of gingival connective tissue by stimulating some of the main processes involved in wound regeneration.
La briquetterie Oupray à Epouville (Pays de Caux, Seine-Maritime) : mélange d'industries du Paléolithique moyen récent et du Paléolithique supérieur ancien / The Dupray brickfield at Epouville (Pays de Caux, Seine-Maritime): mixture of late Middle Palaeolithic and early Upper Palaeolithic industries
Authors: Guette Caroline 
Published: December 2011

Le gisement de la briqueterie Dupray, à Epouville (Seine-Maritime), a fait l'objet de fouilles dans les années 1970-1980. Le niveau archéologique des fouilles de 1975-1976 était systématiquement associé à une fine couche de limon grumeleux rapportée au début du Pléniglaciaire et avait alors été jugé en place et interprété comme Moustérien de Tradition Acheuléenne. Depuis, les incertitudes stratigraphiques liées à ces niveaux ont été de nombreuses fois soulignées, les hiatus sédimentaires étant nombreux, et les réétudes de cette industrie ont prouvé le mélange de couches archéologiques. En 1992, G. Drwila avait ainsi supposé la présence d'une série moustérienne et d'une série aurignacienne.
En dehors de cette interprétation, aucun vestige n'était jusqu'à présent rattaché à l'Aurignacien en Haute-Normandie, il était donc intéressant de réévaluer la validité de cette interprétation. Les nouvelles analyses que nous avons menées confirment le mélange d'industries :
- la plus récente, contenue dans le limon grumeleux, relève d'une phase ancienne du Paléolithique supérieur par contre, il est impossible de la caractériser davantage,
- la plus ancienne, dérivée du limon brun feuilleté voire du cailloutis sous-jacent, est issue du Paléolithique moyen récent.
Approvisionnement et alimentation carnée sur les sites de l'Age du Fer en Bretagne et en Normandie. L'exemple du site de "La Campagne" à Basly, Calvados / Breeding and meat diet on Iron Age sites of Brittany and Normandy. The case of "La Campagne" in Basly, dept. Calvados
Authors: Baudry Anna 
Published: December 2011

La faune domestique et l'alimentation carnée sont très mal connues en Bretagne et en Normandie pour l'Age du Fer. Il est exact que la nouveauté de la discipline ainsi que l'acidité du substrat armoricain n'ont pas favorisé la recherche sur ce sujet. Toutefois, l'étude systématique des restes fauniques permettrait une meilleure connaissance de la gestion des troupeaux et de la consommation de viande à cette période dans l'ouest de la France. Les pages qui suivent proposent une première approche synthétique de la question à l'aide du recensement des données déjà existantes et de nouvelles informations, essentielles, obtenues par l'étude du matériel faunique de l'enclos halistattien du site de "La Campagne" à Basly (Calvados). Les fouilles du fossé de l'enclos ont livré plus de 4400 restes d'animaux dont un peu moins de la moitié a pu être déterminée. L'essentiel du dépôt est constitué de déchets alimentaires qui ont subi diverses altérations antérieures et postérieures à leur enfouissement. Ce lot se caractérise par une forte proportion d'animaux juvéniles pour les principales espèces domestiques (bœuf, porc, mouton-chèvre).
La mise en parallèle de ces différents éléments illustre une grande diversité des types de rejets mettant en valeur l'existence possible de spécificités au niveau régional et local au sein de ce vaste territoire.
The Birth and Evolution of a Discipline Devoted to Information in Biomedicine and Health Care
Authors: Gefeller O. , Aronsky D. , Leong T. Y. , Sarkar I. N. , Bergemann D. , Lindberg D. A. B. , van Bemmel J. H. , Haux R. , McCray A. T. 
Published: December 2011

SummaryBackground: The journal Methods of Information in Medicine, founded in 1962, has now completed its 50th volume. Its publications during the last five decades reflect the formation of a discipline that deals with information in biomedicine and health care. Objectives: To report about 1) the journal‘s origin, 2) the individuals who have significantly contributed to it, 3) trends in the journal’s aims and scope, 4) influential papers and 5) major topics published in Methods over the years.Methods: Methods included analysing the correspondence and journal issues in the archives of the editorial office and of the publisher, citation analysis using the ISI and Scopus databases, and analysing the articles’ Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) in MEDLINE.Results: In the journal’s first 50 years 208 editorial board members and/or editors contributed to the journal’s development, with most individuals coming from Europe and North America. The median time of service was 11 years. At the time of analysis 2,456 articles had been indexed with Me SH. Topics included computerized systems of various types, informatics methodologies, and topics related to a specific medical domain. Some MeSH topic entries were heavily and regularly represented in each of the journal‘s five decades (e.g. information systems and medical records), while others were important in a particular decade, but not in other decades (e.g. punched-card systems and systems integration). Seven papers were cited more than 100 times and these also covered a broad range of themes such as knowledge representation, analysis of biomedical data and knowledge, clinical decision support and electronic patient records. Conclusions: Methods of Information in Medicine is the oldest international journal in biomedical informatics. The journal’s development over the last 50 years correlates with the formation of this new discipline. It has and continues to stress the basic methodology and scientific fundamentals of organizing, representing and analysing data, information and knowledge in biomedicine and health care. It has and continues to stimulate multi-disciplinary communication on research that is devoted to high-quality, efficient health care, to quality of life and to the progress of biomedicine and the health sciences.
50 Years of Informatics Research on Decision Support: What’s Next
Authors: Gerdin U. , Lindberg D. A. B. , Lovis C. , Martin-Sanchez F. J. , Miller R. A. , Shortliffe E. H. , Leong T.-Y. , Mitchell J. A. 
Published: December 2011

SummaryObjectives: To reflect on the history, status, and future trends of decision support in health and biomedical informatics. To highlight the new challenges posed by the complexity and diversity of genomic and clinical domains. To examine the emerging paradigms for supporting cost-effective, personalized decision making.Methods: A group of international experts in health and biomedical informatics presented their views and discussed the challenges and issues on decision support at the Methods of Information in Medicine 50th anniversary symposium. The experts were invited to write short articles summarizing their thoughts and positions after the symposium.Results and Conclusions: The challenges posed by the complexity and diversity of the domain knowledge, system infrastructure, and usage pattern are highlighted. New requirements and computational paradigms for representing, using, and acquiring biomedical knowledge and healthcare protocols are proposed. The underlying common themes identified for developing next-generation decision support include incorporating lessons from history, uniform vocabularies, integrative interfaces, contextualized decisions, personalized recommendations, and adaptive solutions.
L'Europe occidentale dans la politique extérieure soviétique de Brejnev à Gorbatchev, évolution ou révolution ?
Authors: Rey Marie-Pierre 
Published: December 2011

Résumé L’article retrace l’évolution majeure, qui au plan des pratiques comme des représentations, a caractérisé la politique soviétique à l’égard de la cee , de l’arrivée de Leonid Brejnev au poste de secrétaire général du pcus en 1964 à la disparition de l’ urss en 1991. Alors que, de 1957 à 1964, l’ urss , campée dans un schéma hérité de la guerre froide, apparaît comme viscéralement hostile à la cee , une évolution sensible se dessine à la fin des années 1960. Toutefois, le rapprochement qui s’esquisse alors (l’ urss reconnaît de facto la cee en 1972) reste circonstanciel et limité. En revanche, avec la nouvelle pensée lancée en 1986, ce rapprochement, d’envergure inédite, change de nature et s’inscrit désormais dans la révolution idéaliste impulsée par Mikhaïl Gorbatchev.
Quand Berne aidait Moscou. Conception et perception de l'aide humanitaire suisse lors de l'effondrement de l'Union soviétique
Authors: Herrmann Irène 
Published: December 2011

Résumé Comment peut-on donner de l’aide humanitaire à beaucoup plus puissant que soi ? Comment peut-on accepter des secours de beaucoup plus insignifiants que soi ? Telles sont les questions auxquelles ambitionne de répondre cet article en examinant la perception de l’assistance portée par la Confédération helvétique à la Russie (soviétique) avant, pendant et après la perestroïka. L’analyse de ces différents moments signale trois modes d’appréhension distincts de l’humanitaire : idéologique, pragmatique ou enfin imprégné de Realpolitik . Chacun de ces usages détermine une réception spécifique permettant soit d’afficher son appartenance à un camp politique précis, de faire face à une situation désastreuse ou de s’attacher les bonnes grâces de la communauté internationale. Au-delà de ces distinctions, on note pourtant que recevoir est souvent humiliant et donner généralement intéressé.
Microbial Infection-Induced Expansion of Effector T Cells Overcomes the Suppressive Effects of Regulatory T Cells via an IL-2 Deprivation Mechanism
Authors: Benson Alicia , Murray Sean , Divakar Prashanthi , Burnaevskiy Nikolay , Pifer Reed , Forman James , Yarovinsky Felix 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells are a critical cell population that suppresses T cell activation in response to microbial and viral pathogens. We identify a cell-intrinsic mechanism by which effector CD4+ T cells overcome the suppressive effects of Treg cells in the context of three distinct infections: Toxoplasma gondii, Listeria monocytogenes, and vaccinia virus. The acute responses to the parasitic, bacterial, and viral pathogens resulted in a transient reduction in frequency and absolute number of Treg cells. The infection-induced partial loss of Treg cells was essential for the initiation of potent Th1 responses and host protection against the pathogens. The observed disappearance of Treg cells was a result of insufficiency in IL-2 caused by the expansion of pathogen-specific CD4+ T cells with a limited capacity of IL-2 production. Exogenous IL-2 treatment during the parasitic, bacterial, and viral infections completely prevented the loss of Treg cells, but restoration of Treg cells resulted in a greatly enhanced susceptibility to the pathogens. These results demonstrate that the transient reduction in Treg cells induced by pathogens via IL-2 deprivation is essential for optimal T cell responses and host resistance to microbial and viral pathogens.