bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐surgical treatment of gingival overgrowth induced by nifedipine: a case report on an elderly patient
Authors: De Carvalho Farias Bruna , Cabral Paula Aguiar , Gusmão Estela Santos , Jamelli Sílvia Regina , Cimões Renata 
Published: June 2009

doi:10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2009.00273.x

Non‐surgical treatment of gingival overgrowth induced by nifedipine: a case report on an elderly patient Drug‐induced gingival overgrowth (DIGO) is a significant problem for periodontologists and this side effect is frequently associated with three particular drugs: phenytoin, cyclosporin A and nifedipine. A case report of gingival overgrowth induced by nifedipine in an elderly patient treated with non‐surgical periodontal therapy is described. A 75‐year‐old male with generalised gingival overgrowth reported the problem of oral malodour and significant gingival bleeding. The medical history revealed a controlled hypertensive state and Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA) 3 years prior to consultation. The diagnosis was gingival overgrowth associated with nifedipine, no other risk factors being identified. The patient had been taking nifedipine for 18 months, but after the consultation with the patient’s doctor, nifedipine was suspended, as the hypertension was controlled. Treatment consisted of meticulous oral hygiene instruction, scaling, root surface instrumentation and prophylaxis. Six months after the first intervention, clinical parameters revealed a significant improvement with a considerable reduction in gingival overgrowth, demonstrating the effect of non‐surgical periodontal therapy in severe cases of gingival overgrowth. Non‐surgical treatment of DIGO is a far less invasive technique than surgical approaches and has demonstrated an impressively positive treatment response. It should therefore be considered as a first treatment option for DIGO.
Undergraduate teaching in gerodontology in Leipzig and Zürich – a comparison of different approaches
Authors: Nitschke Ina , Reiber Thomas , Sobotta Bernhard A.J. 
Published: June 2009

Objective:  To evaluate undergraduate students’ attitude towards the clinical components of the Leipzig (LPEG) and Zürich (ZPEG) Programmes of Education in Gerodontology.Background:  Undergraduate student education is the seedbed for conscientious professionals. Extramural clinical education contributes to the formation of positive attitudes. Students in Zürich participate in three clinical activities (in‐house gerodontology clinic, extramural acute geriatrics ward, mobile dental service), in Leipzig they visit a long‐term care facility on six occasions within 4 years.Methods:  A structured questionnaire with 10 items was administered to students in Leipzig [n = 34, 70.6% female, mean age 25.8 (SD 3.04) years] at the beginning and after completion of gerodontology training and to students in Zürich [n = 33, 48.5% female, mean age 27.0 (SD 3.28) years] on three occasions after clinical training. Students indicated the degree of their agreement with seven statements presented using a 5‐point scale. A choice of responses which characterised the course was offered for assessment.Results:  Close collaboration with dental tutors, while self‐treating patients in the mobile dental service (mobiDent™) attracted the most positive responses. Ratings from students completing their training in Leipzig were less favourable than their initial responses.Conclusion:  The lack of a dental service and Leipzig students’ inability to offer treatment in the presence of disease was associated with frustrations. Practical training should go beyond dental examinations at a long‐term care facility and include the opportunity for dental treatment. Personnel and equipment required for mobile treatment exceed resources available at most German dental schools.
Oral health care in long‐term care facilities for elderly people in southern Brazil: a conceptual framework
Authors: Mello Ana Lúcia Schaefer Ferreira de , Erdmann Alacoque Lorenzini , Brondani Mario 
Published: June 2009

doi:10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2009.00280.x

Oral health care in long‐term care facilities for elderly people in southern Brazil: a conceptual framework Objective:  To present a theoretical model for understanding oral health care for the elderly in the context of long‐term care institutions (LTCI).Methods:  Open‐ended individual interviews were conducted with the elderly residing in LTCI, their carers, nursing technicians and nurses, directors of care, dental surgeons and managers of public health services. A grounded theory methodological approach was adopted for data collection and analysis.Results:  The emerging core category revealed a basic social process: ‘Promoting oral health care for the elderly based on the context of LTCI’. This process was composed of two contradicting yet correlated aspects: the oral health care does not minimise the poor oral epidemiological condition, and at the same time, there was a continued improvement in the oral care expressed by better care practices. These aspects were related to the: attribution of meaning to oral health, social determination of oral health, the ageing process, interactions established in the oral health care practices, oral health care management in LTCI, inclusion of oral health care into the political–organisational dimension and possibility of conjecturing better oral health care practices.Conclusion:  The core concept of ‘Promotion of oral health care for elderly people based on the context of LTCI’ is capable of explaining the variations in the structure and process of LTCI, as well as in helping to understand the meaning of the oral health care practices for the institutionalised elderly.
Colonisation of soft lining materials by micro‐organisms
Authors: Pavan Sabrina , Dos Santos Paulo Henrique , Filho João Neudenir Arioli , Spolidorio Denise Madalena Palomare 
Published: June 2009

doi:10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2009.00300.x

Colonisation of soft lining materials by micro‐organisms Objective:  This study evaluated the in vitro adherence of pathogenic micro‐organisms, Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, to soft lining materials and their inhibitory effect on these micro‐organisms.Materials and Methods:  To measure adherence, specimens of Molloplast B and Ufi Gel P were inoculated [107 colony‐forming units per millimetre (cfu/ml)] with TSB media containing the micro‐organisms. To determine the number of micro‐organisms in the 10−2–10−5 dilutions, 25 μl of the suspension were transferred to plates of selective media. Colony counts of each specimen were quantified (cfu/ml). The surface roughness was measured with a perfilometer to assess the relationship between the adherence of micro‐organisms and surface roughness of each material. For the inhibition test, specimens of materials were placed in agar plates inoculated individually with the micro‐organisms. After 48 h, the inhibition zones around the specimens were measured.Results:  None of the materials exhibited inhibition zones. The number of cfu/ml of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were significantly greater than C. albicans for both materials. The Ufi Gel P exhibited greater adherence of C. albicans than Molloplast B. No correlation was observed between the adherence of micro‐organisms and surface roughness.Conclusion:  The surface roughness of the materials is not the only factor governing micro‐organism adherence.
Serine hydroxymethyltransferase from Plasmodium vivax is different in substrate specificity from its homologues
Authors: Sopitthummakhun Kittipat , Maenpuen Somchart , Yuthavong Yongyuth , Leartsakulpanich Ubolsree , Chaiyen Pimchai 
Published: June 2009

The putative gene of Plasmodium vivax serine hydroxymethyltransferase (PvSHMT; EC 2.1.2.1) was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The purified enzyme was shown to be a dimeric protein with a monomeric molecular mass of 49 kDa. PvSHMT has a maximum absorption peak at 422 nm with a molar absorption coefficient of 6370 m−1·cm−1. The Kd for binding of the enzyme and pyridoxal‐5‐phosphate was 0.14 ± 0.01 μm. An alternative assay for measuring the tetrahydrofolate‐dependent SHMT activity based on the coupled reaction with 5,10‐methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (EC 1.5.1.20) from E. coli was developed. PvSHMT uses a ternary‐complex mechanism with a kcat value of 0.98 ± 0.06 s−1 and Km values of 0.18 ± 0.03 and 0.14 ± 0.02  mm for l‐serine and tetrahydrofolate, respectively. The optimum pH of the SHMT reaction was 8.0 and an Arrhenius’s plot showed a transition temperature of 19 °C. Besides l‐serine, PvSHMT forms an external aldimine complex with d‐serine, l‐alanine, l‐threonine and glycine. PvSHMT also catalyzes the tetrahydrofolate‐independent retro‐aldol cleavage of 3‐hydroxy amino acids. Although l‐serine is a physiological substrate for SHMT in the tetrahydrofolate‐dependent reaction, PvSHMT can also use d‐serine. In the absence of tetrahydrofolate at high pH, PvSHMT forms an enzyme–quinonoid complex with d‐serine, but not with l‐serine, whereas SHMT from rabbit liver was reported to form an enzyme–quinonoid complex with l‐serine. The substrate specificity difference between PvSHMT and the mammalian enzyme indicates the dissimilarity between their active sites, which could be exploited for the development of specific inhibitors against PvSHMT.
Cinacalcet Treatment in Dialysis Patients with Secondary Hyperparathyroidism: Effects and Open Issues
Authors: Drüeke Tilman B 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe recent introduction of calcimimetics, a novel class of therapeutic agents, has led to a change in the treatment strategy of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with end‐stage renal disease. In initial acute studies in chronic hemodialysis patients, the calcimimetic cinacalcet was shown to reduce plasma intact parathyroid hormone within hours, followed by a rapid, profound decrease in plasma calcium and a minor decrease in plasma phosphorus. Subsequent reports showed that the long‐term administration of cinacalcet to such patients proved to be superior to standard therapy in controlling secondary uremic hyperparathyroidism, in that it was able to induce a decrease in both plasma intact parathyroid hormone and the calcium x phosphorus product, in contrast to the effects of active vitamin D sterols. This allowed the achievement of the guideline treatment targets proposed by the National Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative in a much larger proportion of dialysis patients than standard therapy did. Moreover, the effect of cinacalcet is long‐lasting. An important question is that of cinacalcet's effects on patient outcomes, which is still lacking. A similar lack of information exists for most other treatment modalities given to correct the mineral and bone disorder of chronic kidney disease. A post‐hoc analysis of four clinical trials combined done in hemodialysis patients showed that randomization to cinacalcet led to significant reductions in the risk of parathyroidectomy, fracture, and cardiovascular hospitalization. To obtain a definitive answer to this question, including patient survival, we will have to wait for the results of prospective, randomized controlled trials. In pre‐clinical studies performed in rats with chronic renal failure, the administration of the calcimimetic NPS R‐568 at the time of uremia induction allowed the prevention of parathyroid hyperplasia, and the reversal of already established hyperplasia as well. Perhaps more important from the clinical point of view, NPS R‐568 also appeared to allow reversal of osteitis fibrosa in uremic rats and reduction of aortic calcification and atherosclerosis in uremic rats and mice. In conclusion, the clinical introduction of cinacalcet allows for better control of secondary hyperparathyroidism in dialysis patients as compared to standard therapy, based on surrogate biochemical markers. Hopefully, in the future, this improvement will be shown to be associated with better patient outcomes for the treatment of fractures and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Changes in Interventional Treatment—from the Viewpoint of Percutaneous Ethanol Injection Therapy
Authors: Kitaoka Masafumi 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe environment surrounding secondary hyperparathyroidism treatment has changed and the transition of the guidelines on selective percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) for secondary hyperparathyroidism from 2000 to 2006 has been made. The new guidelines emphasize the point that PEIT is best indicated for patients with one enlarged gland. Among treatments, including local vitamin D injection, selective PEIT and parathyroidectomy, cinacalcet is a potent medical treatment and will be a very effective new post‐treatment intervention. However, it is expected that some patients will require active intervention based on morphological examination even if biochemical control is possible with cinacalcet administration.
Change in Coronary Artery Calcification Score due to Cinacalcet Hydrochloride Administration
Authors: Tsuruta Yoshinari , Ohbayashi Takaaki , Fujii Mikiko , Myochin Hisashi , Mizutani Ryoko , Narita Masayasu , Maeda Kenji 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWe examined the influence of cinacalcet on vascular calcification by measuring the coronary artery calcification score (CACS) in hemodialysis patients who received cinacalcet. The cinacalcet treatment group consisted of eight hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism who received cinacalcet for 7–14 months. The mean CACS change in the treatment group was −0.094/year, showing a decreasing tendency, while that in the control group showed an increasing tendency of 0.034/year. The mean CACS change showed a tendency for improvement in the treatment group, but no significant difference from that in the control group was observed as the number of cases was small (P = 0.102). The results of this study suggest that cinacalcet is effective in preventing the progress of extraosseous calcification.
Impact of Cinacalcet Hydrochloride on Bone Histology in Patients with Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Yajima Aiji , Akizawa Tadao , Tsukamoto Yusuke , Kurihara Satoshi , Ito Akemi ,   K Study Group
Published: June 2009

AbstractSerum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels are effectively decreased by cinacalcet hydrochloride (HCl) in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. We assessed the impact of cinacalcet HCl on bone histology in these patients. Four hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (intact PTH ≥ 300 pg/mL) were treated with cinacalcet HCl with low‐doses of vitamin D sterols as well as calcium‐based phosphate binders for 52 weeks. Patients 1, 2, 3 and 4 were aged 55, 65, 61 and 70 years old, and the duration of hemodialysis in the patients was 84, 176, 125 and 216 months, respectively. Serum intact PTH, serum bone metabolism markers and bone histomorphometric parameters were determined before and after 52 weeks of the treatment. Serum intact PTH decreased from 1110, 880, 330 and 980 pg/mL to 233, 80, 88 and 116 pg/mL, respectively, in the four patients after 52 weeks of treatment with cinacalcet HCl. Serum levels of bone metabolism markers and all of the histomorphometric resorption parameters decreased in these patients. In particular, fibrosis volume decreased to 0% in all of the patients. Static formation parameters, including osteoblast surface and osteoid‐related parameters, all decreased after the treatment, indicating an increase of mineralized bone volume during the treatment. Dynamic parameters except for activation frequency decreased after the treatment, indicating significant suppression of bone turnover. Cinacalcet HCl with low‐doses of vitamin D sterols suppressed serum PTH with no significant changes of serum calcium levels. In addition, long‐term administration of cinacalcet HCl improved hyperparathyroid bone diseases in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism.
Impact of Cinacalcet Hydrochloride on the Achievement of the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy (JSDT) Guideline Targets: A post‐hoc Analysis of the KRN1493 Study
Authors: Komaba Hirotaka , Fukagawa Masafumi 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy (JSDT) released the Guidelines for the Management of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Chronic Dialysis Patients (JSDT guidelines), which set target ranges for calcium (8.4–10.0 mg/dL), phosphorus (3.5–6.0 mg/dL) and intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) (60–180 pg/mL); however, achieving the guideline targets is difficult and challenging. In this post‐hoc analysis, we evaluate the impact of cinacalcet on the achievement of the JSDT targets. After a treatment period of 14 weeks, 26% of the cinacalcet group achieved intact PTH levels within the target ranges (P < 0.001, compared with the control group). A significantly greater proportion achieved the targets for calcium and phosphorus, as compared with control patients (65% vs. 45%, P = 0.015; 68% vs. 47%, P = 0.009, respectively). The proportion of patients in whom serum calcium and phosphorus were controlled to within the target ranges increased from 21% at baseline to 44% (P < 0.001). The combined targets of three parameters were achieved by 17% of cinacalcet‐treated patients, while none of the control patients achieved these parameters simultaneously (P < 0.001). Cinacalcet treatment also efficaciously reduced elevated serum calcium and phosphorus levels. Even in patients with baseline intact PTH levels >500 pg/mL, where parathyroidectomy has been recommended in the JSDT guidelines, 20% of the cinacalcet group achieved the target intact PTH levels. Longer‐term cinacalcet treatment aimed at the JSDT targets may lead to further reductions in PTH secretion. Further studies are required to examine the potential benefit of cinacalcet and to revise the current guidelines relating to adequate use of cinacalcet.
A parsec scale X-ray extended structure from the X-ray binary Circinus X–1
Authors: Soleri P. , Heinz S. , Fender R. , Wijnands R. , Tudose V. , Altamirano D. , Jonker P. G. , van der Klis M. , Kuiper L. , Kaiser C. , Casella P. 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
We present the results of the analysis of two Chandra observations of Circinus X–1 performed in 2007, for a total exposure time of ∼50 ks. The source was observed with the High Resolution Camera during a long X-ray low-flux state of the source. Cir X–1 is an accreting neutron star binary system that exhibits ultra-relativistic arcsec-scale radio jets and an extended arcmin-scale radio nebula. Furthermore, a recent paper has shown an X-ray excess on arcmin-scale prominent on the side of the receding radio jet. In our images, we clearly detect X-ray structures on both the side of the receding and the approaching radio jet. The X-ray emission is consistent with a synchrotron origin. Our detection is consistent with neutron star binaries being as efficient as black hole binaries in producing X-ray outflows, despite their shallower gravitational potential.
A second black hole candidate in a M31 globular cluster is identified with XMM–Newton
Authors: Barnard R. , Kolb U. 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
We use arguments developed in previous work to identify a second black hole candidate associated with an M31 globular cluster (GC), Bo 144, on the basis of X-ray spectral and timing properties. The 2002 XMM–Newton observation of the associated X-ray source (hereafter XBo 144) revealed behaviour that is common to all low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) in the low-hard state. Studies have shown that neutron star LMXBs exhibit this behaviour at 0.01–1000 keV luminosities ≤10 per cent of the Eddington limit (LEdd). However, the unabsorbed 0.3–10 keV luminosity of XBo 144 was ∼0.30 LEdd for a 1.4 M⊙ neutron star, and the 0.01–1000 keV luminosity is expected to be ≳3–7 times higher. We therefore identify XBo 144 as a black hole candidate. Furthermore, it is the second black hole candidate to be consistent with formation via tidal capture of a main sequence donor in a GC; such systems were previously thought non-existent, because the donor was thought to be disrupted during the capture process.
Laboratory evidence for the non-detection of excited nascent H2 in dark clouds
Authors: Congiu E. , Matar E. , Kristensen L. E. , Dulieu F. , Lemaire J. L. 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
There has always been a great deal of interest in the formation of H2 as well as in the binding energy released upon its formation on the surface of dust grains. The present work aims at collecting experimental evidence for how the bond energy budget of H2 is distributed between the reaction site and the internal energy of the molecule. So far, the non-detection of excited nascent H2 in dense quiescent clouds could be a sign that either predictions of emission line intensities are not correct or the de-excitation of the newly formed molecules proceeds rapidly on the grain surface itself. In this Letter, we present experimental evidence that interstellar molecular hydrogen is formed and then rapidly de-excited on the surface of porous water ice mantles. In addition, although we detect ro-vibrationally excited nascent molecules desorbing from a bare non-porous (compact) water ice film, we demonstrate that the amount of excited nascent hydrogen molecules is significantly reduced no matter the morphology of the water ice substrate at 10 K (both on non-porous and on porous water ice) in a regime of high molecular coverage as is the case in dark molecular clouds.
INACTIVATION OF VEROCYTOTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI AND LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES CO‐CULTURED WITH LACTOBACILLUS SAKEI IN A SIMULATED MEAT FERMENTATION MEDIUM
Authors: PAPATHOMOPOULOU K. , KOTZEKIDOU P. 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACT The effect of bacteriocin producing Lactobacillus sakei 4413 (an isolate from a Greek dry‐fermented sausage) on inhibition of co‐cultured verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli or Listeria monocytogenes strains was investigated. In the simulated meat fermentation medium (containing a mixture of nitrogen sources, glucose, sodium chloride and curing agents, with initial pH 6.5) incubated at 25C, L. sakei 4413 produced the highest concentration of bacteriocin in the exponential growth phase, reducing the pH of the medium to 4.3 and producing 0.54% w/v lactic acid. Three primary models (i.e., the Gompertz model, the Baranyi model and the Whiting‐Buchanan model) were evaluated for modeling survival curves of different verocytotoxigenic E. coli and L. monocytogenes strains co‐cultured with L. sakei 4413. The inactivation models evaluated indicated an acceptable degree of goodness‐of‐fit. However, the Whiting‐Buchanan model seems more accurate for fitting microbial inactivation curves, showing the highest R2values and lowest root mean square values in co‐cultures of L. sakei and E. coli or L. monocytogenes. Using the Whiting‐Buchanan model, a 4‐D (99.99%) inactivation of E. coli and L. monocytogenes strains was achieved after 50.9 and 48.7 h, respectively, in co‐cultures with L. sakei 4413 in the simulated meat fermentation medium incubated at 25C. In a synthetic medium containing a mixture of different nitrogen sources (i.e., peptone from meat, meat extract, yeast extract) the effect of temperature and glucose on the inhibitory action of L. sakei 4413 against E. coli O157 EDL‐932 was studied by central composite response surface methodology. The results indicate that the minimum time for a 4‐log decline (11.5 h) for E. coli O157 EDL‐932 in co‐culture with L. sakei 4413 can be achieved at 26C and 2% w/v glucose. The results indicate that L. sakei 4413 could be used as bio‐preservative or starter adjunct in meat fermentations in order to minimize the risk associated with the survival of the above foodborne pathogens.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThe development of indigenous starters is very promising in order to produce fermented sausages with high sanitary and sensory qualities. This work contributes to the development of a starter adjunct from an indigenous L. sakei (isolated from a traditional sausage manufactured by a Greek producer). L. sakei added in a model system inactivates verocytotoxigenic E. coli and L. monocytogenes. As L. sakei strain is well adapted to the meat environment, it will lead to sausages that do not present a sanitary risk.