bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender differences in trochlear groove orientation and rotational kinematics of human knees
Authors: Varadarajan Kartik M. , Gill Thomas J. , Freiberg Andrew A. , Rubash Harry E. , Li Guoan 
Published: June 2009

AbstractKnowledge of the morphology and kinematics of the male and female knees is important for understanding gender‐related dimorphism in knee pathology and improvement of related surgical treatments. Twelve male and 12 female subjects with healthy knees were recruited, and each subject performed a single leg lunge while images of the knee were recorded by two fluoroscopes. Tibiofemoral joint motion was then reproduced using bony models matched to the fluoroscopic images. Femoral trochlear groove orientation was also measured in each knee. While many of the measured parameters were found to be similar between the genders, a few interesting differences were also noted. Females showed greater external tibial rotation at 0° flexion (−5.4° vs. −1.3 °, p = 0.03), smaller internal rotation at 30° flexion (1.7° vs. 6.4°, p = 0.04) and greater range of tibial rotation (18.2° vs. 12.4°, p = 0.01) compared to males. Female knees also had a more medially oriented proximal trochlear groove (10.0° vs. 4.5°, p = 0.04). These gender differences in rotational kinematics and trochlear groove orientation may warrant further studies to determine implications for surgical treatments such as total knee arthroplasty, and gender‐related dimorphism in certain knee injuries and pathologies, like anterior cruciate ligament injury and patellofemoral problems. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27: 871–878, 2009
TRITON‐X is most effective among three decellularization agents for ACL tissue engineering
Authors: Vavken Patrick , Joshi Shilpa , Murray Martha M. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractRuptures of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) are still associated with high rates of long‐term complications, even in patients undergoing modern, state‐of‐the‐art replacement. Tissue‐engineering approaches have been shown to be of value in improving treatment of ACL ruptures. However, the success of tissue‐engineering procedures depends on the choice of an appropriate biomaterial. Decellularized ACL tissue potentially combines the structural composition of the targeted tissue with a reduced risk of graft rejection or disease transmission. In this study, we tested the effectiveness of currently available decellularization methods based on TRITON‐X, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and trypsin. After identifying the most effective decellularization method, the capacity for reseeding with ACL fibroblasts was studied. All decellularization protocols reduced DNA content, with TRITON‐X treatment having the greatest effect. Concurrently, decellularization did not affect tissue collagen or total protein content, but did decrease glycosaminoglycan content. TRITON‐X also resulted the least glycosaminoglycan depletion. Porcine ACL tissue after decellularization with TRITON‐X could be successfully reseeded with human ACL fibroblasts as demonstrated by steady DNA content and increasing pro‐collagen expression. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:1612–1618, 2009
Effect of dietary fibre and MTGase on the quality of mackerel surimi gels
Authors: Cardoso Carlos , Mendes Rogério , Vaz‐Pires Paulo , Nunes Maria L 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: The effects of microbial transglutaminase (MTGase; 5 g kg−1) and dietary fibre (inner pea fibre and chicory root inulin, 20 and 40 g kg−1) on gels from surimi made with Atlantic (Scomber scombrus) and chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) were studied with the purpose of achieving a better understanding of the underlying phenomena and improving gels.RESULTS: MTGase addition improved textural properties (namely, cohesiveness increased from 0.19–0.41 to 0.59–0.72) and increased pH and water‐holding capacity (WHC). Moreover, MTGase reduced the elastic and viscous modules and darkened gels; protein solubility declined, meaning greater protein aggregation, according to electropherograms. MTGase had no unequivocal effect upon the gels' microstructure. Pea fibre increased hardness (an increase of almost 60% with 40 g kg−1) and related parameters, the elastic and viscous modules and WHC. Pea fibre reduced extractable protein in sodium dodecyl sulfate and urea (in the absence of MTGase) as well. Scanning electron microscopy revealed different structures for gels containing pea fibre. Regarding inulin, it worsened textural quality and WHC.CONCLUSION: A combination of MTGase and pea fibre can improve a poor quality surimi. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Volatile profile and potential of inactive dry yeast‐based winemaking additives to modify the volatile composition of wines
Authors: Pozo‐Bayón Maria Ángeles , Andújar‐Ortiz Inmaculada , Moreno‐Arribas M Victoria 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: With the objective of determining the potential of winemaking additives based on inactive dry yeast (IDY) to modify the volatile composition of wines, gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry was employed to characterize the volatile profile of a widely used IDY preparation. To have the most accurate picture of the volatile compounds, pressurized liquid extraction technique (PLE) was used with different solvents and extraction temperatures. Complementary headspace solid‐phase microextraction was applied to gain insight into the volatile composition. In addition, the ability of some target volatile (pyrazines) to be released into model wines was investigated.RESULTS: The PLE technique was mainly suitable for the extraction of volatile compounds with a low to medium molecular weight and the best extraction yields were obtained by using apolar solvents (hexane) and high temperatures (150 °C). PLE in combination with solid‐phase microextraction allowed the identification of 35 volatile compounds, most of them heterocyclic‐containing nitrogen compounds formed during the processing of IDY that could be released into the wines: the signal of four target masses corresponding to 2,5‐dimethylpyrazine, trimethylpyrazine, methylbutylpyrazine and 2‐ethyl‐3,5‐dimethylpyrazine increased in the synthetic wines after 13 days when IDY was left in the model wines.CONCLUSION: The study confirmed that some volatile compounds identified in IDY which were formed during processing could be released into the wines which might modify wine aroma composition. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Characterization of bacterial biofilms on tracheostomy tubes
Authors: Solomon Donald H. , Wobb Jessica , Buttaro Bettina A. , Truant Allan , Soliman Ahmed M.S. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To characterize the structure and microbial content of biofilms found on tracheostomy tubes. To determine the correlation between the patients' clinical condition and biofilm content.Study Design:Prospective observational series.Methods:Tracheostomy tubes were collected from patients in both the inpatient and outpatient setting at an urban academic medical center. Sections of the tracheostomy tubes were evaluated by confocal microscopy and bacteria from them plated and identified. The number of colony forming units (CFUs) and species present were determined and a univariate analysis performed to correlate them with various clinical factors.Results:Bacteria were cultured from 19 of the 21 tracheostomy tubes collected. There were between 1 × 106 and 1 × 1010 CFUs present in each of the 2 mm sections. Twelve different bacterial species and one fungus were isolated from culture and speciation. The number of bacteria isolated and the CFUs calculated varied in tubes obtained from the same patient at different times.Conclusions:Biofilms were present on tracheostomy tubes in greater than 90% of tracheostomy tubes collected as early as 7 days after insertion in both the inpatients and outpatients. Although a variety of bacteria were identified in the biofilm, they often appeared as discrete microcolonies that appeared to be monospecies biofilm on confocal microscopy. There was a statistically significant inverse correlation between the number of colony forming units found and frequency of inner cannula change. Laryngoscope, 2009
Determination of Helicobacter pylori in patients with chronic nonspecific pharyngitis
Authors: Kaptan Zeynep Kızılkaya , Emir Hatice , Uzunkulaoğlu Hakkı , Yücel Mihriban , Karakoç Esra , Koca Gökhan , Tüzüner Arzu , Samim Erdal , Korkmaz Meliha 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To determine if there is a relationship between Helicobacter pylori colonization in the pharynx mucous membrane and chronic nonspecific pharyngitis.Study Design:A prospective clinical study.Methods:Seventy patients with chronic pharyngitis and 20 healthy control subjects were examined with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and culture for H. pylori colonization in the pharynx mucous membrane between March 2008 and October 2008. Patients with pharyngitis were seperated into two groups (35 patients in each) by using C‐14 urea breath test, according to the presence of gastric H. pylori infection.Results:In the control group, none of the patients had H. pylori in the pharynx. In the chronic pharyngitis group, in 12 patients (34.3%) with gastric H. pylori infection and in seven patients (20%) without gastric infection, H. pylori colonization in pharynx mucosa was determined with the PCR method. In only two of chronic pharyngitis patients (5.8%), H. pylori infection was detected with culture. In the pharynx mucosa, the H. pylori infection rate was significantly higher in the chronic pharyngitis groups than in the control group (P = .002 between C‐14 positive and control groups, P = .040 between C‐14 negative and control groups). There was not a significant difference in H. pylori colonization in the pharynx of patients who had chronic pharyngitis with or without gastric ailments and H. pylori infection (P = .179).Conclusions:Chronic nonspecific pharyngitis without gastric H. pylori infection is significantly related to H. pylori colonization in the pharynx, and gastric involvement increases the rate of this spread. The gold standart for detection of H. pylori infection is the PCR method. Laryngoscope, 2009
Gene single nucleotide polymorphism accumulation improves survival in advanced head and neck cancer patients treated with weekly paclitaxel
Authors: Grau Juan J. , Caballero Miguel , Campayo Marc , Jansa Sonia , Vargas Mauricio , Alós Llucia , Monzo Mariano 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of certain genes involved in drug metabolism correlate with survival.Methods:We evaluated the presence of SNPs in six genes (CYP2C8, GSTT1, GSTP1, MDR1‐57, MDR1‐62, and ERCC1) and the response rate (RR), time to progression (TTP), and overall survival (OS) of advanced head and neck cancer patients treated with weekly paclitaxel.Results:SNPs in CYP2C8, MDR1‐57, and MDR1‐62 genes were more frequent than wild‐type genes in our patients. RR was 45% (21/47), and median TTP in responders was 5.1 months. OS for all patients was 5.6 months. Response was higher in SNPs of MDR1‐62, MDR1‐57, or in two or more accumulated genes than in those with wild‐type genes. OS was significantly longer in patients with two or more accumulated SNPs (P = .039).Conclusions:Response rate and OS were significantly higher in patients with two or more accumulated SNPs. Laryngoscope, 2009
Eosinophilic esophagitis in adults: An ear, nose, and throat perspective
Authors: Bergquist Henrik , Bove Mogens 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Eosinophilic esophagitis is a rather new disease entity diagnosed with increasing frequency. The main symptoms in adults are dysphagia and food impaction. The aim of this review is to summarize the present knowledge about adult eosinophilic esophagitis, and in particular to cast light on certain issues of concern for the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist.Study Design:Scientific review.Methods:The biomedical literature on adult eosinophilic esophagitis was reviewed regarding epidemiology, etiology, subjective symptoms and objective signs, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis with an emphasis on matters of interest for the ENT specialist. PubMed was used as the search engine.Results:Among the 393 papers on eosinophilic esophagitis published in PubMed, only 162 deal with adults. During the last few decades, the annual number of papers has been exponentially increasing. A high prevalence of eosinophilic esophagitis in combination with a diagnostic delay suggests the existence of an unacceptable number of undiagnosed cases. This calls for increased attention. Endoscopic examination, including proper biopsies, verifies the diagnosis. Untreated, the disease will lead to substantial distress and in some cases even strictures. Keeping the diagnosis in mind will avoid improper treatment and the risk of accidental perforation.Conclusions:It is imperative that ENT specialists recognize patients with eosinophilic esophagitis. Laryngoscope, 2009
Parotid mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma regression after Helicobacter pylori eradication
Authors: Iwai Hiroshi , Nakamichi Naoto , Nakae Kaori , Konishi Masaya , Inaba Muneo , Hoshino Shoichi , Baba Susumu , Amakawa Ryuichi 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA 60‐year‐old woman with Sjögren's syndrome showed recurrence of parotid mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma with a simultaneous increase of serum sIL‐2R antigen levels 10 years after surgical treatment. Helicobacter pylori infection had been detected in the stomach since the beginning of the lymphoma. Although H. pylori was not detected in the recurrent parotid lymphoma, antibiotic therapy contributed not only to successful eradication of gastric H. pylori but also to disappearance of the recurrent lymphoma. Further studies on the mechanisms of occurrence of extragastric MALT lymphomas are needed to establish the treatment of extragastric MALT lymphomas. Laryngoscope, 2009
Advanced pediatric mastoiditis with and without intracranial complications
Authors: Zevallos Jose P. , Vrabec Jeffrey T. , Williamson Robert A. , Giannoni Carla , Larrier Deidre , Sulek Marcelle , Friedman Ellen M. , Oghalai John S. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Recently, several groups have noticed an increase in cases of advanced pediatric mastoiditis and intracranial complications. The objective of this study was to review the bacteriology of advanced mastoiditis in pediatric patients, with the hypothesis that a difference in bacteriology might explain the development of an intracranial complication.Study Design:Retrospective chart review.Methods:All pediatric patients with coalescent mastoiditis requiring surgery treated at a tertiary care children's hospital between 2002 and 2007 were reviewed. Every patient included was treated either with mastoidectomy alone (for coalescent mastoiditis without an intracranial complication) or with transtemporal craniotomy (for coalescent mastoiditis with an intracranial complication). All patients had surgical specimens sent for pathology, Gram stain, and aerobic and anaerobic cultures.Results:One hundred eight pediatric patients with coalescent mastoiditis were identified: 58 (53%) presented with coalescent mastoiditis alone, 17 (16%) presented with coalescent mastoiditis and an intracranial complication, and 33 (31%) were excluded because they were treated with myringotomy and tubes alone, had incomplete data, or had an unclear diagnosis. Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most commonly cultured organism in patients with and without intracranial complications. Anaerobic isolates were present in 29.4% of patients with intracranial complications and 5.7% of patients without intracranial complications (P = .015).Conclusions:Nearly a quarter of pediatric patients with coalescent mastoiditis presented with a simultaneous intracranial complication. There was an increased incidence of anaerobic organisms in patients with intracranial complications compared to those without, indicating the importance of culture and antibiotic coverage appropriate for anaerobes. This series demonstrates the role of aggressive surgical management and close collaboration with the infectious disease service for long‐term intravenous antibiotic therapy in treating pediatric patients with advanced mastoiditis. Laryngoscope, 2009
Routes, dynamics, and correlates of cochlear inflammation in terminal and recovering experimental meningitis
Authors: Cayé‐Thomasen Per , Worsøe Lise , Brandt Christian Thomas , Miyazaki Hidemi , Østergaard Christian , Frimodt‐Møller Niels , Thomsen Jens 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To examine the routes, dynamics and correlates of cochlear inflammation in meningitis to provide information on the pathogenesis of the associated hearing loss and indications for rational pharmacotherapeutical intervention.Study Design:A well‐established rat model of Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis was employed.Methods:Eight rats were inoculated intrathecally and not treated, whereas 26 were inoculated and treated with ceftriaxone. Six rats were sham‐inoculated, making a total of 40 rats. The rats were sacrificed when reaching terminal illness or after 7 days, followed by light microscopy. Routes of cochlear inflammatory infiltration were examined. The volume fraction of inflammatory infiltration was estimated and correlated to bacterial and leukocyte counts in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood.Results:The perilymphatic space was infiltrated with inflammatory cells via cochlear aqueduct, whereas the endolymphatic space was infiltrated from the spiral ligament. Rosenthal's canal was infiltrated through osseous spiral lamina canaliculi. In the untreated group, the degree of inflammation correlated with time of death, whereas antibiotic treatment reversed this development. Perilymphatic inflammation correlated significantly with the CSF leukocyte count, whereas endolymphatic inflammation correlated with spiral ligament inflammation.Conclusions:Meningogenic inflammation of the rat cochlea occurs via the cochlear aqueduct and the spiral ligament capillary bed. The spiral ganglion is infiltrated through the osseous spiral lamina. The degree of inflammation correlates positively with time of death in untreated meningitis, whereas antibiotic treatment leads to subsiding infiltration during recovery. Laryngoscope, 2009
Oral and plunging ranulas: What is the most effective treatment?
Authors: Patel Mihir R. , Deal Allison M. , Shockley William W. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Preferred treatment of oral/plunging ranulas remains controversial. We present our experience with ranulas at the University of North Carolina (UNC) and review the literature.Methods:Retrospective review. From 1990 to 2007, 16 oral ranulas and 10 plunging ranulas were treated at UNC. Combining the UNC series with the literature identified 864 cases for review. An online survey was conducted to identify current treatment patterns.Results:In the UNC series, procedures for oral ranulas varied from ranula excision (50%), combined ranula and sublingual gland excision (44%), excision of the ranula along with the sublingual gland and submandibular gland (6%). A cervical approach was used in nine plunging ranula cases. One case was treated transorally with sublingual gland removal and evacuation of the ranula. Otherwise, the plunging ranula was removed along with the sublingual gland (20%), submandibular gland (50%), or both (20%). One hundred fifty‐one complications were identified from the literature. Recurrence was considered a complication and was most prevalent (63%). Nonrecurrent complications included tongue hypesthesia (26%), bleeding/hematoma (7%), postoperative infection (3%), and Wharton's duct injury (1%). Sublingual gland excision yielded the fewest complications (3%). Procedures and associated complication rates were: transoral excision of sublingual gland (3%); transoral excision of sublingual gland and ranula (12%); marsupialization (24%); transcervical excision of sublingual gland, submandibular gland, and ranula (33%); OK‐432 (49%); and aspiration (82%).Conclusions:Based on our review, definitive treatment yielding lowest recurrence and complication rates for all ranulas is transoral excision of the ipsilateral sublingual gland with ranula evacuation. Laryngoscope, 2009
Radiofrequency surgery of the soft palate in the treatment of mild obstructive sleep apnea is not effective as a single‐stage procedure: A randomized single‐blinded placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Bäck Leif J. J. , Liukko Tommi , Rantanen Irma , Peltola Jaakko S. , Partinen Markku , Ylikoski Jukka , Mäkitie Antti A. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Radiofrequency (RF) surgery of the soft palate (SP) is an established treatment option for the treatment of snoring. Due to its minimally invasive character, it has received attention in the management of mild obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).Study Design:The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and the occurrence of adverse events after single‐stage SP RF surgery in patients with mild OSAS in a randomized single‐blinded placebo‐controlled trial in an outpatient department at a tertiary care center, academic teaching hospital.Methods:Thirty‐two patients with mild OSAS (apnea‐hypopnea index [AHI] 5–15, body mass index <35) were randomized to receive a single session of RF surgery or placebo (insertion of applicator without energy delivery) with local anesthesia. The primary outcome measures were (AHI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and a 36‐item short‐form health survey quality‐of‐life questionnaire. The secondary measures were the soft tissue airway parameters in cephalometric radiographs, snoring scores, and rates of adverse events.Results:Neither objectively measured significances (active AHI 11.0 [5.0–9.0] to 13.0 [2.0–26.0] and placebo AHI 12.0 [5.0–8.0] to 11.0 [1.0–29.0], P = .628), nor were trends of a diminishing effect on symptoms of mild OSAS found in the treatment arms. No significant changes in the soft tissue airway parameters occurred. One patient (5.9%) in the active treatment group was cured.Conclusions:RF surgery of SP is not recommended as a single‐stage approach in mild OSAS. Laryngoscope, 2009
Effects of thermally induced inhomogeneous shear and surface thermal boundary conditions on the shear stress in sliding elastohydrodynamic contacts
Authors: Chang Liming 
Published: June 2009

AbstractNumerous research work has shown that significant thermally induced cross‐film inhomogeneous shear or thermal shear localisation may be developed in sliding elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) contacts with pronounced consequences. This paper uses the theoretical framework established in previous research to further analyse the effects of the shear localisation on the lubricant shear stress and thus the EHL traction. Results obtained suggest that the shear localisation significantly accelerates the thermally induced reduction of the shear stress in sliding EHL contacts. The study also shows dramatic reduction of the shear stress in EHL contacts with one‐insolated surface, which is significantly attributed to the more intensified thermal shear localisation near the insolated surface. The practical significance of the dramatic shear stress reduction is discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.