bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of heat shock proteins 70 in the gill, liver, and cardiac muscle of Carassius auratus with confocal microscopy
Authors: Liu Dongwu , Chen Zhiwei , Zhou Xuqian 
Published: October 2011

AbstractHeat shock proteins 70 (Hsp70) are the most extensively studied heat shock proteins for the cellular abundance and cytoprotective effects. Hsp70 induction and subsequent quantification has been used as a sensitive system for aquatic toxicity risk assessment. In this study, the confocal microscopy was used to localize Hsp70 in Carassius auratus (C. auratus) with immunohistochemical technology. There are different zooms to select to analyze the object at the same field of vision with one objective lens with confocal microscopy. It need not change objective lens to observe the details of tissues. In this study, the tissue slices of C. auratus were observed with the 20‐fold objective lens. Furthermore, the zooms of 1, 2, and 3 were used to acquire the distribution of Hsp70 in the tissue slices of C. auratus, and the clearer images of Hsp70 in the tissues were acquired. The results indicated that Hsp70 were present in the gill, liver, and cardiac muscle of C. auratus, and a method was established to detect Hsp70 in the tissues of C. auratus with confocal microscopy. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparison among gold standard techniques used for the validation of methods for occlusal caries detection
Authors: Rodrigues Jonas A. , Neuhaus Klaus W. , Diniz Michele. B. , Hug Isabel , Stich Herman , Karlsson Lena , Lussi Adrian 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe aim of this in vitro study was to assess the agreement among four techniques used as gold standard for the validation of methods for occlusal caries detection. Sixty‐five human permanent molars were selected and one site in each occlusal surface was chosen as the test site. The teeth were cut and prepared according to each technique: stereomicroscopy without coloring (1), dye enhancement with rhodamine B (2) and fuchsine/acetic light green (3), and semi‐quantitative microradiography (4). Digital photographs from each prepared tooth were assessed by three examiners for caries extension. Weighted kappa, as well as Friedman's test with multiple comparisons, was performed to compare all techniques and verify statistical significant differences. Results: kappa values varied from 0.62 to 0.78, the latter being found by both dye enhancement methods. Friedman's test showed statistical significant difference (P < 0.001) and multiple comparison identified these differences among all techniques, except between both dye enhancement methods (rhodamine B and fuchsine/acetic light green). Cross‐tabulation showed that the stereomicroscopy overscored the lesions. Both dye enhancement methods showed a good agreement, while stereomicroscopy overscored the lesions. Furthermore, the outcome of caries diagnostic tests may be influenced by the validation method applied. Dye enhancement methods seem to be reliable as gold standard methods. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Morphological aspects of testes and sperm ultrastructure in the “symphyta” Digelasinus diversipes kirby 1882 (hymenoptera: Argidae: Dielocerinae)
Authors: Moreira Jane , Araújo Vinícius Albano , Lino‐neto José 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn Digelasinus diversipes, spermatozoa are maintained in bundles, with 74 spermatozoa on average, in the seminal vesicle. These spermatozoa are very short (20 μm) and consist of a head and flagellum. The head includes an acrosome (perforatorium covered by the acrosomal vesicle) and a nucleus. A regular electron‐lucent region separates the acrosomal vesicle from the perforatorium, which is inserted parallel to the anterior ending of the nucleus. The small flagellum is composed of two symmetrical mitochondrial derivatives, a centriolar adjunct, an axoneme (9 + 9 + 2), and two accessory bodies. The centriolar adjunct begins above the posterior end of the nucleus and ends covering the anterior tip of two mitochondrial derivatives. In the terminal region of the axoneme, the central microtubules terminate first. The presence of a subacrosomal space, a short mitochondrial derivative diameter, and a short spermatodesm is the ultrastructure characteristics of spermatozoa shared by all “symphyta” species. Differences in the insertion of the perforatorium into the nucleus and the position of the centriolar adjunct distinguish Dielocerinae and the Arginae studied previously. The number of spermatozoa per cyst is variable. Furthermore, additional characteristics that had not been described for “symphyta” were also found, such as the number of follicles per testis. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of novel benzo[b]pyrazolo[1,5]diazepines
Authors: Raker Joseph , Wang Yi , Pechulis Anthony D. , Haber James C. , Lynch Michael A. , Spring Stacey L. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe synthesis andin vitrobiological evaluation of two novel benzodiazepine derivatives are described. The compounds were synthesized divergently from the key amino alcohol5, which was realized using the unusual Weinreb‐enamino ketone10. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2012).
Usefulness of assessing repeater F‐waves in routine studies
Authors: Chroni Elisabeth , Tendero Isabel Serrano , Punga Anna Rostedt , Stålberg Erik 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIntroduction: Repeater F‐waves are sometimes seen in routine studies. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical significance of repeater F‐waves in median, ulnar, and fibular nerve recordings in 50 healthy subjects and groups of 50 patients each with diabetic polyneuropathy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, carpal tunnel syndrome, ulnar mononeuropathy, and L5 root lesion. The number of identical F‐waves and their repetitions in samples of 20 stimuli were estimated. Results: Repeater F‐waves occurred significantly more frequently in all nerves and patient groups than in healthy individuals. Their persistence was negatively correlated with that of non‐repeater F‐waves. Conclusions: Based on the presented material and recording condition it appears that repeater F‐waves differentiate between health and disease but not between different types of pathology of motor neurons or their axons. Even in routinely recorded samples of 20 traces, the index of repeater all F‐waves could be used as a sign of nerve pathology. Muscle Nerve, 2012
Discretized peridynamics for brittle and ductile solids
Authors: Liu Wenyang , Hong Jung‐Wuk 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYPeridynamics is a theory of continuum mechanics expressed in forms of integral equations rather than partial differential equations. In this paper, a peridynamics code is implemented using a graphics processing unit for highly parallel computation, and numerical studies are conducted to investigate the responses of brittle and ductile material models. Stress–strain behavior with different grid sizes and horizons is studied for a brittle material model. A comparison of stresses and strains between finite element analysis (FEA) and peridynamic solutions is performed for a ductile material. By applying the proposed procedure to bridge the material model defined for peridynamic bonds and the corresponding macroscale material model for FEA, peridynamics and FEA show good agreements as regards the stresses and strains. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A nonlinear plate finite element formulation for shape memory alloy applications
Authors: Artioli E. , Marfia S. , Sacco E. , Taylor R.L. 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYThe aim of the present work is to develop a new finite element model for the finite strain analysis of plate structures constituted of shape memory alloy (SMA) material. A three‐dimensional constitutive model for shape memory alloys able to reproduce the special thermomechanical behavior of SMA characterized by pseudoelasticity and shape memory effects is adopted. The finite strain constitutive model is thermodynamically consistent and is completely formulated in the reference configuration. A two‐dimensional plate theory is proposed based on a tensor element shape function formulation. The displacement field is expressed in terms of increasing powers of the transverse coordinate. The equilibrium statement is formulated on the basis of the virtual displacement principle in a total Lagrangian format. The proposed displacement formulation is particularly suitable for the simple derivation of high‐order finite elements. Numerical applications are performed to assess the efficiency and locking performance of the proposed plate finite element. Some additional numerical examples are carried out to study the accuracy and robustness of the proposed computational technique and its capability of describing the structural response of SMA devices. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Was kann und tut die Rehabilitationspsychologie?
Authors: Bengel Jürgen 
Published: October 2011

Einleitung
Die Rehabilitationspsychologie ist eine der zentralen Disziplinen innerhalb der Rehabilitation und der Rehabilitationswissenschaften. Sie hat sich in Deutschland und auch weltweit von einer primär diagnostischen Aufgabenstellung und Funktion in den 70er Jahren zu einer Disziplin mit einem breiten Tätigkeitsprofil entwickelt. Zielsetzungen einer Psychologie in der Rehabilitation liegen in der Unterstützung bei der Krankheitsverarbeitung, der Reduktion von psychosozialen Belastungen und der Versorgung von psychischen Störungen bei den Rehabilitanden und den Angehörigen. Psychologische Maßnahmen zielen auf eine Stärkung der Veränderungsmotivation und geben Hilfen zur Änderung eines gesundheitlich risikoreichen Lebensstils.
Zielorientierung in der medizinischen Rehabilitation – weiterhin eine Herausforderung
Authors: Pohontsch Nadine , Meyer Thorsten 
Published: October 2011

Einleitung
Es herrscht Einigkeit darüber, dass Ziele für die Rehabilitation essentiell sind. Das deutsche Rehabilitationsrecht formuliert als übergeordnetes Ziel rehabilitativer Leistungen die Förderung der Selbstbestimmung und Teilhabe. Die theoretischen Grundlagen der Zielvereinbarung in der Rehabilitation bedürfen jedoch weiterer Ausarbeitung. Auch die praktische Integration der Zielorientierung und der gemeinsamen Zielfestlegung in den gesamten Rehabilitationsprozess stellt eine noch lange nicht bewältigte Herausforderung dar.
Increased Plasma Levels of Nesfatin-1 in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Zhang Z. , Li L. , Yang M. , Liu H. , Boden G. , Yang G. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractNesfatin-1, which is derived from nucleobindin2 (NUCB2), has been recently identified as a novel satiety regulator. However, its pathophysiological role in humans remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate plasma nesfatin-1 levels and the association between plasma nesfatin-1 levels and various metabolic parameters in humans.74 subjects with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (nT2DM), 73 subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 73 subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) were enrolled in this study. Plasma nesfatin-1 levels were measured by a commercially available enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay.Plasma nesfatin-1 levels were elevated in subjects with both nT2DM and IGT compared to controls (1.91±0.79 and 1.80±0.80 vs. 1.41±0.58 μ g/L, P<0.05 or P<0.01 ). Simple regression analysis showed that in subjects with IGT and nT2DM, plasma nesfatin-1 correlated positively with body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 h blood glucose after a glucose load (2hPBG), fasting plasma insulin (FINS) and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that plasma nesfatin-1 was significantly associated with IGT and nT2DM, even after controlling for differences in BMI.Plasma nesfatin-1 concentrations were found to be elevated in subjects with both IGT and nT2DM and to be related with several clinical parameters known to be associated with insulin resistance.
A Novel PRKAR1A Mutation in Korean Carney Complex Family
Authors: Rhee S. , Kwon H. , Lee J. , Woo J.-T. , Kim M. , Lim Y. , Rhee B. , Koh S. , Lee S. , Lee M.-H. , Kim D. , Chon S. , Oh S. , Kim S. , Kim J.-W. , Kim Y. , Choi Y. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractCarney complex (CNC) is an autosomal dominant hereditary or sporadic multiple neoplastic syndrome that shows variable clinical symptoms. Generally, CNC appears as skin pigmentation, cardiac or cutaneous myxomas, and multiple endocrine tumours. We performed an extensive evaluation of 9 individuals within 1 family in whom CNC was suspected. Among them, 5 had CNC with various clinical manifestations. We also performed mutational analysis of suspected genes in these patients. Although all patients were members of the same family, variable CNC-related manifestations were observed in each patient. An analysis showed a novel deletion mutation (c.537delA) in exon 6 of the PRKAR1A gene in the patients. Based on our results, the patients were determined to have CNC type I. This is the first such mutational report in Korea.
Treatment with Actovegin® Improves Sensory Nerve Function and Pathology in Streptozotocin-Diabetic Rats via Mechanisms Involving Inhibition of PARP Activation
Authors: Dieckmann A. , Kriebel M. , Andriambeloson E. , Ziegler D. , Elmlinger M. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractDiabetic neuropathy is one of the most severe complications of diabetes, affecting approximately one-third of diabetic patients. We investigated the potential neuroprotective effect of Actovegin®, a deproteinized hemoderivative of calf blood, in an animal model of diabetic neuropathy.A single intravenous injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 55 mg/kg) was used to induce experimental diabetes in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Actovegin® (200 or 600 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally from day 11 to day 40 post-STZ exposure. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was used as a positive control and was added to drinking water (0.2 g/l) from day 2 until day 40. Measurements to assess efficacy included sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV), intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD), and poly(ADP-ribose) content.A decrease (35%) in sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) was seen in STZ-induced diabetic rats from day 10 post-STZ administration and persisted at days 25 and 39. At study completion (day 41), a decrease (32%) in intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) was found in hind-paw skin biopsies from STZ-rats. Reduced SNCV and IENFD were significantly ameliorated by both doses of Actovegin®. More­over, 600 mg/kg Actovegin® markedly decreased poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activity in sciatic nerves from STZ-diabetic rats as assessed by poly(ADP-ribose) content.Actovegin® improved several para­meters of experimental diabetic neuropathy via mechanisms involving suppression of PARP activation, providing a rationale for treatment of this disease in humans.
BioPAX support in CellDesigner
Authors: Mi Huaiyu , Muruganujan Anushya , Demir Emek , Matsuoka Yukiko , Funahashi Akira , Kitano Hiroaki , Thomas Paul D. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Motivation: BioPAX is a standard language for representing and exchanging models of biological processes at the molecular and cellular levels. It is widely used by different pathway databases and genomics data analysis software. Currently, the primary source of BioPAX data is direct exports from the curated pathway databases. It is still uncommon for wet-lab biologists to share and exchange pathway knowledge using BioPAX. Instead, pathways are usually represented as informal diagrams in the literature. In order to encourage formal representation of pathways, we describe a software package that allows users to create pathway diagrams using CellDesigner, a user-friendly graphical pathway-editing tool and save the pathway data in BioPAX Level 3 format.
Availability: The plug-in is freely available and can be downloaded at ftp://ftp.pantherdb.org/CellDesigner/plugins/BioPAX/
Contact: huaiyumi@usc.edu
Supplementary Information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
TCDD Disrupts Hypural Skeletogenesis during Medaka Embryonic Development
Authors: Dong Wu , Hinton David E. , Kullman Seth W. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractDefective bone and cartilage development account for a large number of human birth defects annually. Normal skeletogenesis involves cartilage development in early morphogenesis through a highly coordinated and orchestrated series of events involving commitment and differentiation of mesenchymal cells to chondrocytes followed by a highly programmed process of structural maturation. Recent developmental studies with laboratory model fish demonstrate that exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) results in cartilage and skeletal abnormalities. In this study, we exposed embryonic medaka to TCDD to induce developmental modification(s) of both cartilage and bone formation. Emphasis is placed on cell-rich hyaline cartilage of the hypural plate where both chondrogenesis and osteogenesis are impaired by TCDD exposure. In this model, TCDD exposure results in a concentration-dependent impairment of mesenchymal cell recruitment, chondrocyte cell proliferation, differentiation, and progression to hypertrophy. Gene expression of ColA2, a marker of chondrocyte terminal differentiation in hypural structures, is markedly attenuated consistent with hypural dysmorphogenesis. Assessment of hypural structure using a transgenic medaka expressing mCherry under control of the osterix promoter illustrated significant attenuation in expression of the osteoblast gene marker and lack of formation of a calcified perichondral sheath surrounding hypural anlage. Overall, these studies illustrate that TCDD impacts terminal differentiation and growth of cartilage and bone in axial structures not likely derived from neural crest progenitors in medaka hypurals.
Profiling information behaviour of nursing students: part 1: quantitative findings
Authors: Stokes Peter , Urquhart Christine 
Published: October 2011

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to profile the information seeking behaviour of nursing students, according to learning style, personality and self‐efficacy in information literacy. Such profiles should help students to reflect on their information seeking, and should help librarians in designing information literacy programmes that are targeted to student needs.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire using existing validated scales for learning styles, personality, and information literacy self‐efficacy was developed. The information seeking portion was based on an information behaviour model with core processes (opening, orientation and consolidation) and corresponding micro‐processes. The questionnaire was administered to nursing students (n=261, response rate 74 per cent, 194/261) at one UK university.FindingsNeither information literacy self‐efficacy, nor learning style on their own appeared to change as students progressed. There is a significant association between learning style and self‐efficacy. There appears to be some associations between personality and learning style, and between personality, learning style and preferred information seeking processes. Odds ratios analyses were used to help in preliminary development of profiles. Students with a higher degree of confidence about their information literacy are more likely to: think about their search; work out strategies; and build and adapt their searches. Deep learners take a broad, exploratory approach to searching and score highest for the openness personality trait; whilst strategic learners think about their search, adapt as they progress and score highest for conscientiousness and emotional stability. Surface learners do less planning. Additionally, personality traits (which are essentially stable over time) are positively or negatively associated with various aspects of information seeking.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample size limits the extent of statistical analyses and possible generalizations. The planned qualitative research may help in confirmation of the information seeking profiles.Originality/valueThe research extends existing research evidence on the impact of personality and learning style on student information behaviour by including an information literacy scale and information seeking micro‐processes.
Unprepared for information interactions: abuse survivors and police
Authors: Finn Jeanine , Westbrook Lynn , Chen Tiffany , Mensah Priscilla 
Published: October 2011

PurposeWorking towards a broader understanding of information provision by agencies responding to crisis situations, the aim of this paper is to examine mandated information provision on the part of law enforcement to survivors of intimate partner violence at the scene of an emergency response.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a detailed content analysis of 1,851 documents supplied by local law enforcement agencies from 755 US cities. A 29‐element coding framework was developed to identify five key content areas of information: the nature of abuse, survivor norms, police information, legal options, and community resources.FindingsThe best represented content areas related to police information, legal options, and community resources. Information on the nature of abuse and survivor hood was dramatically less well represented. Law enforcement understandably privileges that information which involves immediate, concrete action and within which the officer may have a responsibility (for example, to obtain a temporary restraining order). Correlations between city size and the presence of information elements were minimal, while several significant correlations based on region were noted.Originality/valueThis is the first nationwide study of the information that police are required to provide to survivors of intimate partner violence. Understanding the features of this seldom‐discussed yet vital interaction can help IS professionals support practices and protocols of other agencies responding to crisis situations who may be struggling with minimal preparation for information interactions.
Micro‐credits in scientific publishing
Authors: Casati Roberto , Origgi Gloria , Simon Judith 
Published: October 2011

PurposeNew technologies allow for efficient dissemination of scientific knowledge objects (SKOs). Yet they are likely to transform SKOs as well. The aim of this paper is to propose a way to structure SKOs that allows for both a clear individuation of the main scientific contributions and a fine‐grained structure of credits and evaluation.Design/methodology/approachThe authors review and analyze existing practices of structuring SKOs in different disciplines.FindingsProvisionally considering the published paper as an atomic SKO, possible subatomic structures of SKOs are investigated. It is hypothesized that SKOs are meant to satisfy two separated but interdependent sets of constraints, one related to the contribution the SKO makes to the body of knowledge, and another related to the contribution the SKO makes to the reputation of its authors. It is hypothesized that existing SKO structures are not optimal for satisfying both sets of constraints at once.Research limitations/implicationsA broader analysis may be needed that covers the totality of existing practices.Practical implicationsGuidelines are offered. This paper, including the present abstract, is an example of what the scientific paper of tomorrow could be like.Social implicationsThe paper proposes better apportioning of scientific credits and evaluation; substantive evolution of the academic publishing and credit attribution models.Originality/valueThe idea that the communication and evaluation function of a SKO are differently reflected in their structure is novel. The proposed fine‐grained credit attribution system is novel. The molecular/atomic/sub‐atomic distinction is a new way to fix the terminology.