bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Division i förskoleklassen genom problemlösning och problemformulering
Authors: Van Bommel Jorryt , Palmér Hanna , Ebbelind Andreas 
Published: June 2024

I denna studie arbetade förskoleklasselever med division genom problemlösning och problemformulering. Data kommer från en undervisningsaktivitet uppdelad på två tillfällen. Aktiviteten planerades i samarbete mellan förskoleklasslärare och forskare och genomfördes i 11 förskoleklasser med 205 elever. Vid problemlösning urskilde eleverna relationen mellan helhet och delar, storleken på varje del, dela som division samt kontinuerlig och diskret mängd som aspekter av division. Vid problemformulering återkom dessa aspekter samt tillkom aspekten att täljaren kan vara ett rationellt tal. Utöver dessa aspekter av division formulerade eleverna till exempel uppgifter med en liknande kontext (kakor) men med ett annat matematikinnehåll (till exempel subtraktion). Då det finns få studier om problemlösning och problemformulering med yngre elever bidrar denna studie med kunskap av värde för både (förskoleklass)lärare och forskare.
Division in preschool class through problem solving and problem posing

In this study, preschool-class students worked with problem solving and problem posing on division. Data comes from an activity divided into two sessions. The activity was planned in collaboration between preschool-class teachers and researchers and carried out in 11 preschool classes with 205 students. While solving problems, students distinguished the relationship between the parts and whole, the size of each part, dividing as division and continuous and discrete quantities as aspects of division. While posing problems, these aspects reappeared as well as the aspect that the numerator can be a rational number. Apart from problems on division, the students posed problems with a similar context (cookies) but a different mathematical content (e.g., subtraction). As there are few studies on problem solving and problem posing with younger students, this study contributes with knowledge of value to both (preschool class) teachers and researchers.
Autoestima y asertividad en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Obando Bastidas Danna , Gavilanes Gómez Daniel 
Published: June 2024

La autoestima es el sentimiento de aprecio o consideración que una persona siente acerca de sí mismo, juega un papel fundamental en el desarrollo de sus habilidades personales y sociales, mientras que la asertividad se define como el hábito de libertad emocional que le permite expresar sus ideas y emociones de manera honesta. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue determinar la relación entre la autoestima y asertividad en estudiantes universitarios de entre 18 y 36 años, para lo cual se utilizó una muestra de 245 estudiantes. La investigación tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo por lo que se utilizó la “Escala de autoestima de Rosenberg” adaptada al español por Atienza, Moreno y Balaguer en 2000 y la “Escala de asertividad de Rathus”, adaptada por Marcela León Madrigal y Tomás Vargas Halabí en 2009. Además, tuvo un diseño no experimental descriptivo correlacional de corte transversal. Los resultados obtenidos determinaron la existencia de una correlación positiva directa entre las variables.
Financial Cartography
Authors:   FNA, Soramäki Kimmo 
Published: June 2024

Geographic maps have been of military and economic importance throughout the ages. Rulers have commissioned maps to control the financial, economic, political, and military aspects of their sovereign entities. Large scale projects like the Ordnance Survey in the UK in the late 18th century, and the Lewis and Clark Expedition a few decades later to map the American West, are early examples of trailblazing efforts to create accurate modern maps of high strategic importance. Digitalization, globalization, and a larger urban and educated workforce necessitate a new understanding of the world, beyond traditional maps based on geographic features. Many of today's most critical threats know no geographic borders. For instance, cyber attacks can be orchestrated through globally distributed bot networks; just-in-time manufacturing relies on the free flow of goods across jurisdictions; global markets and the infrastructures that support them relay information and price signals globally within seconds. A lack of understanding financial interdependencies was clearly demonstrated by the freezing of credit markets in the last financial crisis and the uncertainty created by Brexit. Ten years after the financial crisis, we are still only beginning to map, model and visualise these critical maps of the financial world. We call for attention to work on a large scale project of "Financial Cartography" to address this gap. In financial cartography, we replace geographic proximity with logical proximity, such as financial interdependence, similarity (e.g., of portfolio or income streams), a flow of transactions or a magnitude of exposures. Similar to geographic maps, financial maps will find many important uses across business, government and military domains. Critically, they are needed for protection and projection of state power, for optimizing and managing risks in business, and in making policy decisions related to the major challenges of climate change, mass migration and geopolitical instability. Fundamentally, cartography is a way that reality can be modeled to communicate information on “big data” sets. Cartography allows one to simplify and reduce the complexity of the data to highlight salient features of the data, and to filter out noise. This makes maps ideal devices to increase the bandwidth by which information can be communicated to its users, for making quick decision based on complex data. In the following pages, we make a case and provide starting points for a research agenda around "Financial Cartography" in three interrelated parts: Maps of Trade Networks Maps of Financial Markets and Maps of Financial Market Infrastructures
Assessment of Neonatal Mortality amongst Sick Neonates in the Special Care Baby Unit of a Tertiary Institution in Orlu, Nigeria
Authors: Okoro Jude Chidi , Ezeogu Joseph 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Neonatal mortality constitutes more than 41% of under 5 mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, despite advancement in technology and concerted effort aimed at decreasing under-five mortality. This study aims at assessing the risk factors and causes of neonatal mortality among sick infants in the special care baby unit (SCBU); focused at identification of possible areas of improvement in care and result.
Methods: A retrospective review of medical records of sick neonates admitted into SCBU of Imo State University Teaching Hospital Orlu. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of 214 sick neonates that died was obtained out of the 948 admitted/treated over a five year period (2018-2022). Descriptive statistics was used to summarize data, logistic regression at 95% level of significance was used to determine association between independent variables and neonatal death. Values of p < 0.05 were considered significant.
Results: A total of 948 sick neonates were admitted into SCBU, with a neonatal mortality rate of 22.6%. Complications of prematurity 78 (36.7%), severe birth asphyxia 63(29.6%) and neonatal sepsis 31(14.6%) are the leading causes of death with majority of death occurring in the first 24 hours of life 130(60.8%). Low birth weight [OR=2.59 (95% CI 1.84-3.54)], prematurity [OR=2.79 (95% CI 2.03-3.83)] and spontaneous vaginal deliveries [OR=1.85 (95% CI 1.32-2.60)] were positively associated with increased mortality. While Caesarean section as mode of delivery [OR=0.54 (95% CI 0.38-0.76)] and birth weight >2.5-4.0kg [OR=0.46 (95% CI 0.34-0.64)] significantly reduced neonatal mortality.
Conclusion: Neonatal mortality rate is still unacceptably high, with complications of prematurity, severe birth asphyxia and neonatal sepsis contributing the highest percentage of poor outcome (death). Low birth weight, prematurity, and spontaneous vaginal deliveries were positively associated with increased mortality. Multidisciplinary measures aimed at reduction of neonatal morbidity and mortality such as improving the utilization of antenatal care services, quality of care at delivery, at the neonatal intensive care unit needs be strengthened.
First Record of the Hammer-Headed Worm (Bipalium spp) along with Checklist of Invertebrate Fauna from Patna, Bihar, India
Authors: Shahbaz MD , Alam Ahbar , Zafar Mohammad Masroor , Yasmin Shahla 
Published: June 2024

There are records of hammerhead flatworms from many parts of India, but no information from Bihar. The hammer-headed worm was first recorded in the campus of Patna Science College in August 2022. Hammer-headed worms (Bipalium spp.) are known for their unique appearance and behavior, which make them fascinating to researchers and nature enthusiasts alike. These worms have a distinct hammer-shaped head, which contains two eyes and sensory organs that help them detect prey. The authors noted that the spread of exotic land planarians in the region is likely due to human activities such as trade and transportation, and recommended further studies to assess their impact on native soil-dwelling invertebrates. This study emphasizes the importance of conducting regular surveys to document the biodiversity including the soil invertebrates.
Phenotypic Screening and Antibiogram of Infectious Ulcerative Keratitis Cases in Tripoli Eye Hospital, Libya
Authors: Doro Basma. M. , Alsousaa Nour Abdulraziq , Momen Raja 
Published: June 2024

Aims: This study to investigate the most prevalent pathogens that cause corneal ulcer in Tripoli-Libya, and to recognize the antibiogram of the isolated pathogens
Study Design: This study was a prospective study performed in eye hospital (Zawyet-Aldahmany eye hospital).
Place and Duration of Study: It was conducted at the microbiology laboratory of the hospital over a year from December 2018 to January 2020, The overall size of the sample enrolled in this study was 50 inpatients in the admission department, which was taken according to the incidence of the corneal ulceration cases admitted to the hospital.
Methodology: The corneal scrapings and swabs were collected and subjected to microbiological examination. Demographic data and risk factors were collected for each patient. The antibiotic susceptibility of the bacterial microorganisms was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method, to identify the most appropriate antibiotic for each bacterial isolate.
Results: 60% of the patients were males, the mean age of the patients was 46.5 years, unilateral right eye keratitis was involved in (54%) of cases, trauma was the major risk factor (24%), followed by systemic disease (14%). Concerning the seasonal distribution of the cases between months, our study revealed that summer and winter seasons in Libya (January, July, August, and September) involved most of the cases, and interestingly, fungal keratitis (Aspergillus) was higher in (July, August), which is the summer season in Libya. The culture positive rate was (80%), of which (36%) were bacterial, and (22%) were fungal pathogens, and the other (22%) were mixed fungal and bacterial cultures. The most common bacterial isolate was (26%) P.aeruginosa and (16%) staphylococcus aureus, while Aspergillus (40%) was the most common fungal isolate, followed by Penicillium and fusarium species. Our results showed that P.aeruginosa was the responsible microorganism for rapid keratitis progression in three cases who were using cosmetic lenses promptly. Concerning antibiotic sensitivity, all gram-negative bacteria and positive isolates were susceptible to old-generation fluoroquinolones such as ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, while ceftazidime showed resistance to penicillins.
Conclusion: In conclusion, with early suspicion and microbiological diagnostic procedures, appropriate therapy can only reduce the incidence of this threatening ocular case.
Angelman syndrome and prenatally diagnosed Prader–Willi syndrome in first cousins
Authors: Ranganath Prajnya , Agarwal Meenal , Phadke Shubha R. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPrader–Willi syndrome (PWS) and Angelman syndrome (AS) are caused by loss of function of imprinted genes in the 15q11–13 critical region. Reports of PWS and AS in close relatives within the same family are rare. We report on the diagnosis of a familial unbalanced 10;15 translocation causing AS in a child that led to the prenatal diagnosis of an unbalanced 10;15 translocation with resultant deletion of the Prader–Willi critical region in her maternal uncle's offspring. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia in Smith–Magenis syndrome: A possible locus at chromosome 17p11.2
Authors: Sanford E.F. , Bermudez‐Wagner K. , Jeng L.J.B. , Rauen K.A. , Slavotinek Anne M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe report on a 7‐month‐old girl with Smith–Magenis syndrome (SMS) due to a 4.76‐Mb deletion of 17p12–17p11.2 detected by array comparative genomic hybridization. She was also affected with a left‐sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and cardiac anomalies including an atypical atrioventricular canal defect and a cleft mitral valve. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a patient with both SMS and CDH. There are numerous chromosomal regions in which duplications, deletions, inversions, or translocations have been associated with CDH, but none have previously been reported at or close to 17p11.2. We discuss candidate genes for the diaphragmatic defect in this patient. Our case demonstrates that it is important to consider the possibility of SMS in non‐isolated cases of diaphragmatic hernia. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Genetic studies of human apolipoproteins. XVII: Population genetics of apolipoprotein polymorphisms in American Samoa
Authors: Crews Douglas E. , Kamboh Mohammad I. , Bindon James R. , Ferrell Robert E. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractVariation in human apolipoprotein genes is a major source of phenotypic differences in human lipid metabolism. Data regarding genetic variation at apolipoprotein loci in various populations are only beginning to accumulate, and they suggest that different populations vary widely in distribution of apolipoprotein alleles. Using isoelectric focusing‐immunoblotting techniques, we screened 67 serum samples from self‐identified Samoan residents of American Samoa to investigate structural variation at six apolipoprotein loci: A‐I, A‐II, A‐IV, C‐II, E, and H. The APO A‐I, A‐II, and C‐II loci were found to be monomorphic by isoelectrical focusing. In Samoans, the common three‐allele polymorphism was observed for APO E, with no striking differences in frequencies from Caucasian populations. The three common alleles of the APO H locus also were identified; however, frequencies of the less common alleles (APO H*I and APO H*3) were different from those observed elsewhere for Caucasians.
Brief communication: Cerumen phenotypes in certain populations of Eurasia and Africa
Authors: Ibraimov A.I. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractCerumen polymorphism was studied in several populations of Eurasia and Africa. The frequencies of dry cerumen were shown to be high in Mongoloid populations and low among Europoids. Intermediate frequencies were found among peoples of subequatorial Africa. Special attention is paid to the potential for using this marker in population and anthropological studies.
The presence of nuclear families in prehistoric collective burials revisited: The bronze age burial of montanissell cave (Spain) in the light of aDNA
Authors: Simón Marc , Jordana Xavier , Armentano Nuria , Santos Cristina , Díaz Nancy , Solórzano Eduvigis , López Joan B. , González‐Ruiz Mercedes , Malgosa Assumpció 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAncient populations have commonly been thought to have lived in small groups where extreme endogamy was the norm. To contribute to this debate, a genetic analysis has been carried out on a collective burial with eight primary inhumations from Montanissell Cave in the Catalan pre‐Pyrenees. Radiocarbon dating clearly placed the burial in the Bronze Age, around 3200 BP. The composition of the group—two adults (one male, one female), one young woman, and five children from both sexes—seemed to represent the structure of a typical nuclear family. The genetic evidence proves this assumption to be wrong. In fact, at least five out of the eight mitochondrial haplotypes were different, denying the possibility of a common maternal ancestor for all of them. Nevertheless, 50% of the inhumations shared haplogroup J, so the possibility of a maternal relationship cannot be ruled out. Actually, combining different analyses performed using ancient and living populations, the probability of having four related J individuals in Montanissell Cave would range from 0.9884 to 0.9999. Owing to the particularities of this singular collective burial (small number of bodies placed altogether in a hidden cave, the evidence of non‐simultaneous interments, close dating and unusual grave goods), we suggest that it might represent a small group with a patrilocal mating system. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
“These boots were made for walking”: The isotopic analysis of a C4 Roman inhumation from Gravesend, Kent, UK
Authors: Pollard A.M. , Ditchfield P. , McCullagh J.S.O. , Allen T.G. , Gibson M. , Boston C. , Clough S. , Marquez‐Grant N. , Nicholson R.A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAs part of the road widening scheme between London and Dover, Oxford Archaeology South uncovered a large boundary ditch of Iron Age origin that contained Iron Age and Roman inhumations, adjacent to which was a small mid‐late Roman cemetery, interpreted as a rural cemetery for Romano‐British farmers. Grave goods in the cemetery were restricted to a few individuals with hobnailed boots. Bulk bone collagen isotopic analysis of 11 skeletons of Iron Age and Roman date gave a typical C3 terrestrial signal (average δ13C = −19.8‰, δ15N = 9.3‰), but also revealed one (SK12671) with a diet which included a substantial C4 component (δ13C = −15.2‰, δ15N = 11.2‰). This is only the second such diet reported in Roman Britain. Subsequent δ18Oc and 87Sr/86Sr measurements on the dental enamel in this individual were, however, consistent with a “local” origin, indicating that either C4 protein was consumed in Late Roman Britain, or that he came from somewhere else, but where conditions gave rise to similar isotopic values. If we accept the latter, then it indicates that using oxygen and strontium isotopes alone to identify “incomers” may be problematic. The provision of hobnailed boots for the dead appears to have had a strong symbolic element in Late Roman Britain. We suggest that in this case the boots may be significant, in that he was being equipped for the long march home. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Physico‐mechanical properties of natural rubber sheets coated by polyethyleneimine‐functionalized poly(methyl methacrylate) nanoparticles
Authors: Duangphet Sitthi , Jenjob Somkieath , Sunintaboon Panya , Rattanasom Nittaya , Thanawan Sombat 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe surface modification of sulfur‐prevulcanized natural rubber (SPNR) sheets by the polyethyleneimine‐functionalized‐poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA/PEI) nanoparticles was successfully performed via a simple dipping method. The percentage of surface coverage (Cs) of the nanoparticles on SPNR sheets was found to be affected by a variation of nanoparticle latex concentrations and immersion times. The adsorption isotherm of PMMA/PEI nanoparticles on SPNR sheets was analyzed and found to fit well to the Freundlich model. After coating, it can be observed that the presence of PMMA/PEI nanoparticles on SPNR surface had no effects over the SPNR mechanical properties e.g., tensile strength, elongation at break, and hardness. On the other hand, the coated SPNR sheets showed a reduction of surface friction coefficients and interfacial adhesion up to 45 and 59%, respectively. Furthermore, PMMA/PEI nanoparticles adsorbed on the SPNR surface was subjected to stretching and wearing conditions, and found to be stable for at least seven stretching and wearing cycles. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
A study of the evolution of interdisciplinarity in library and information science: Using three bibliometric methods
Authors: Chang Yu‐Wei , Huang Mu‐Hsuan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis study uses three bibliometric methods: direct citation, bibliographic coupling, and co‐authorship analysis, to investigate interdisciplinary changes in library and information science (LIS) from 1978 to 2007. The results reveal that LIS researchers most frequently cite publications in their own discipline. In addition, half of all co‐authors of LIS articles are affiliated with LIS‐related institutes. The results confirm that the degree of interdisciplinarity within LIS has increased, particularly co‐authorship. However, the study found sources of direct citations in LIS articles are widely distributed across 30 disciplines, but co‐authors of LIS articles are distributed across only 25 disciplines. The degree of interdisciplinarity was found ranging from 0.61 to 0.82 with citation to references in all articles being the highest and that of co‐authorship being the lowest. Percentages of contribution attributable to LIS show a decreasing tendency based on the results of direct citation and co‐authorship analysis, but an increasing tendency based on those of bibliographic coupling analysis. Such differences indicate each of the three bibliometric methods has its strength and provides insights respectively for viewing various aspects of interdisciplinarity, suggesting the use of no single bibliometric method can reveal all aspects of interdisciplinarity due to its multifaceted nature.
Batch, fed‐batch, and microcarrier cultures with CHO cell lines in a pressure‐cycle driven miniaturized bioreactor
Authors: Kim Beum Jun , Zhao Ti , Young Lincoln , Zhou Peng , Shuler Michael L. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractMiniaturized bioreactors for suspension cultures of animal cells, such as Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells, could improve bioprocess development through the ability to cheaply explore a wide range of bioprocess operating conditions. A miniaturized pressure‐cycled bioreactor for animal cell cultures, described previously (Diao et al., 2008), was tested with a suspension CHO cell line producing commercially relevant quantities of human IgG. Results from the suspended CHO cell line showed that the cell growth was comparable to conventional flask controls and the target protein production was enhanced in the minibioreactor, which may be due to the relatively high oxygen transfer rate and the moderate shear stress, measured and simulated previously. Microcarrier culture using an anchorage‐dependent CHO cell line and Cytodex 3 also showed a similar result: comparable growth and enhanced production of a model protein (secreted alkaline phosphatase or SEAP). Various fed‐batch schemes were applied to the CHO cells producing human IgG, yielding cell numbers (1.1 × 107/mL) at day 8 and titers of human IgG (2.3 g/L) at day 14 that are typical industrial values for CHO cell fed‐batch cultures. The alteration of the volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient is a key parameter for viability of the CHO cell line producing human IgG. We conclude that the minibioreactor can provide favorable cell culture environments; oxygen transfer coefficient and mixing time can be altered to mimic values in a larger scale system allowing for potential prediction of response during scale‐up. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012;109: 137–145. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.