bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning for predicting cognitive deficits using auditory and demographic factors
Authors: Niemczak Christopher E. , Montagnese Basile , Levy Joshua , Fellows Abigail M. , Gui Jiang , Leigh Samantha M. , Magohe Albert , Massawe Enica R. , Buckey Jay C. 
Published: May 2024

Importance
Predicting neurocognitive deficits using complex auditory assessments could change how cognitive dysfunction is identified, and monitored over time. Detecting cognitive impairment in people living with HIV (PLWH) is important for early intervention, especially in low- to middle-income countries where most cases exist. Auditory tests relate to neurocognitive test results, but the incremental predictive capability beyond demographic factors is unknown.

Objective
Use machine learning to predict neurocognitive deficits, using auditory tests and demographic factors.

Setting
The Infectious Disease Center in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Participants
Participants were 939 Tanzanian individuals from Dar es Salaam living with and without HIV who were part of a longitudinal study. Patients who had only one visit, a positive history of ear drainage, concussion, significant noise or chemical exposure, neurological disease, mental illness, or exposure to ototoxic antibiotics (e.g., gentamycin), or chemotherapy were excluded. This provided 478 participants (349 PLWH, 129 HIV-negative). Participant data were randomized to training and test sets for machine learning.

Main outcome(s) and measure(s)
The main outcome was whether auditory variables combined with relevant demographic variables could predict neurocognitive dysfunction (defined as a score of <26 on the Kiswahili Montreal Cognitive Assessment) better than demographic factors alone. The performance of predictive machine learning algorithms was primarily evaluated using the area under the receiver operational characteristic curve. Secondary metrics for evaluation included F1 scores, accuracies, and the Youden’s indices for the algorithms.

Results
The percentage of individuals with cognitive deficits was 36.2% (139 PLWH and 34 HIV-negative). The Gaussian and kernel naïve Bayes classifiers were the most predictive algorithms for neurocognitive impairment. Algorithms trained with auditory variables had average area under the curve values of 0.91 and 0.87, F1 scores (metric for precision and recall) of 0.81 and 0.76, and average accuracies of 86.3% and 81.9% respectively. Algorithms trained without auditory variables as features were statistically worse (p < .001) in both the primary measure of area under the curve (0.82/0.78) and the secondary measure of accuracy (72.3%/74.5%) for the Gaussian and kernel algorithms respectively.

Conclusions and relevance
Auditory variables improved the prediction of cognitive function. Since auditory tests are easy-to-administer and often naturalistic tasks, they may offer objective measures or predictors of neurocognitive performance suitable for many global settings. Further research and development into using machine learning algorithms for predicting cognitive outcomes should be pursued.
Comparison efficacy and safety of acupuncture and moxibustion therapies in breast cancer-related lymphedema: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Yawen , Yu Jiangxuan , Shen Rui , Shan Xueqi , Zhou Wenlu , Wang Junjie 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveAlthough several acupuncture and moxibustion therapies have been tested in managing breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL), there is little consensus regarding the best options for treating this condition. This systematic review and network meta-analysis compared the efficacy of various acupuncture and/or moxibustion therapies for BCRL.MethodsSeven databases and two clinical registration centers were searched from their inception to December 1st, 2023. The Cochrane Collaboration risk-of-bias assessment tool evaluated the quality of included RCTs. A pairwise meta-analysis was performed in STATA 16.0, while a network meta-analysis was performed in R 4.2.2.Results18 studies were included in this analysis. Our results showed that acupuncture and moxibustion methods had great advantages in improving BCRL of patients with breast cancer. In particular, needle-warming moxibustion (NWM) could be the optimal acupuncture and moxibustion method for improving clinical effectiveness and reducing the degree of swelling of affected limbs.ConclusionOur findings suggest that NWM has great potential in treating BCRL. It may reduce arm circumference, lower swelling levels, and improve clinical effectiveness. Nevertheless, more multi-center, high-quality, and large sample RCTs will be needed in the future.
سنوری گۆڤەری کۆیە بەپێی تیۆریی شەپۆلەکان
Authors: Shams Hemin A. 
Published: May 2024

پوختە:
ناونیشانی توێژینەوەکە (سنوری گۆڤەری کۆیە بەپێی تیۆریی شەپۆلەکان)ە، لە پێشەکی و چوار بەش و ئەنجام و ڕاسپاردە پێکهاتووە. بەپێی تیۆریی شەپۆلەکان و چۆنیەتیی کارکردنی، فۆڕمێک داڕێژرا، کە ئاستە زمانییەکانی دەنگ و ڕێزمان، لەخۆدەگرێت. دوای وەرگرتنی ڕەزامەندیی سێ مامۆستای پسپۆر لە زمانەوانی، کاری لەسەر کرا و توێژەر خۆی ئاخێوەر و دانیشتوی سنوری ناوچەی توێژینەوەیە.
فۆڕمەکە چەند دیاردە و تایبەتمەندییەکی گۆڤەری کۆیە لەخۆدەگرێت، بەدوای ئەو تایبەتییانەدا ڕۆیشتوین، لە گۆکردن و یاسا فۆنۆلۆژییەکان و هەندێک مۆڕفیم و چەند یاسایەکی ڕێزمانی، لە هەر شوێنێکی سنوری توێژینەوەکەدا هاوبەشی و جیاوازی (واتە بەردەوامی، یان نەمانی دیاردەکە)، هەستپێکرابێت، دەستنیشان کراوە و داتاکان بە خشتە و شێوە و نەخشە ڕونکراونەتەوە.
ئەو کەسانەی داتایان لێ وەرگیراوە، دانیشتو و ئاخێوەری گۆڤەر و سنوری توێژینەوەکەن (شارەدێ و گوندەکان)، تەمەنیان لە نێوان (٢٢ – ٧٠) ساڵدایە، خوێندەوار و نەخوێندەواریان تێدایە، لە هەردو ڕەگەز و پێگە و پیشەی جیاوازیان هەیە، سەرجەمیان توێژەر خۆی پرسیارەکانی ئاراستە کردون و زانیارییەکانی تۆمار کردون.
نەخشەی ئەم توێژینەوەیە لە سەرۆکایەتیی شارەوانیی کۆیە وەرگیراوە و بە بەرنامەی (Arc GIS)، تازەکراوەتەوە. لە سەردانی ناوچەی توێژینەوەدا بۆمان دەرکەوت (٨)گوند ئاوەدان نین، (٥)گوندی تازە هەن و لە نەخشەدا نین، چەند گوندێکیش ناویان گۆڕاوە. ئەمانە کاریگەرییان لەسەر ڕەوت و ناوەرۆکی توێژینەوەکە نەبوە. داتاکانمان لە (١٣٦) شوێن کۆکردۆتەوە و بە بەرنامەی (SPSS) شیکراونەتەوە:

ز

شوێن

ژمارە

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سەنتەری قەزا

١

٢.

سەنتەری ناحیە

٥

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گوند

١٣٠

لە کۆتاییشدا بە چەند ئەنجامێک گەیشتین، لەوانە:

گۆڤەری کۆیە، بەگشتی، گۆڤەرێکی تێکەڵە. واتە شوێنی لێکدان و تێکەڵبونی شەپۆلی گۆڤەرە دراوسێکانیەتی، بەڵام خاوەنی تایبەتمەندیی خۆیەتی.
سنوری کارگێڕیی قەزای کۆیە، کاریگەریی لەسەر جۆراوجۆریی دیاردە زمانییەکانی گۆڤەرەکە نەبوە.
Key success factors to implementing an active learning platform
Authors: Duffy Megan , James Jenny , Campbell Chris , Williams Jude 
Published: May 2024

This study reports on the key success factors when introducing a new lecture capture platform, Echo360 Active Learning Platform (ALP), at an Australian University. This is an interactive platform, designed to actively engage students in their courses including in lectures (online and/or face to face) through a range of interactive tools. A trial of ALP, which is known within the University as the Echo360 ALP Early Adopter Program, was conducted in Semester 2, 2016. The purpose of the Echo360 ALP Early Adopter Program was to identify the key success factors required for implementation of Echo360 ALP at the enterprise level. The study reports data on students’ experience of the interactive tools in Echo360 ALP. In total, over 1250 students, seven academics from across seven courses, Blended Learning Advisors from within each of the University’s four academic groups, and support staff participated in the Echo360 ALP Early Adopter Program. The results of the study show that students were engaged when using Echo360 ALP and with support from professional staff this program can be successfully implemented by academics. Thus, the key success factors to this implementation include the academics themselves and the support staff involved in the implementation. A further success factor was the vendor themselves.
Comparison of a two-step Tempus600 hub solution single-tube vs. container-based, one-step pneumatic transport system
Authors: Luginbühl Marc , Frey Kathrin , Gawinecka Joanna , von Eckardstein Arnold , Saleh Lanja 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Efficient and timely transportation of clinical samples is pivotal to ensure accurate diagnoses and effective patient care. During the transportation process, preservation of sample integrity is crucial to avoid pre-analytical aberrations on laboratory results. Here, we present a comparative analysis between a two-step Tempus600 hub solution single-tube and a one-step, container-based pneumatic transport system (PTS) from Airco, for the in-house transportation of blood samples.

Methods
Ten blood samples from healthy volunteers were split in 10 mL collection tubes filled at full or half capacity for transportation with the two PTS (about 250 m). To compare the impact of transportation, markers of hemolysis such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), potassium (K+), and the hemolysis index (HI), were determined. Additionally, differences in HI in routine samples and repeated transportation was investigated. To assess and compare the mechanistic impact profiles, we recorded the acceleration profiles of the two PTS using a shock data logger.

Results
Transportation using the Tempus600 hub solution resulted in 49 and 46 % higher HI with samples filled to total or half capacity, respectively. Routine samples transported with the Tempus600 hub solution showed a higher median HI by 23 and 33 %. Additionally, shock logger analysis showed an elevated amount of shocks (6.5 fold) and shock intensities (1.8 fold).

Conclusions
The Tempus600 hub solution caused an increased number of unreportable LDH or K+ results based on the hemolysis index. However, it was only statistically significant for LDH (p<0.01 and p<0.08) – while the comparisons for K+ were not statistically significant (p<0.28 and p<0.56).
Quality of heart failure registration in primary care: observations from 1 million electronic health records in the Amsterdam Metropolitan Area
Authors: De Clercq Lukas , Himmelreich Jelle C.L. , Harskamp Ralf E. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Proper coding of heart failure (HF) in electronic health records (EHRs) is an important prerequisite for adequate care and research towards this vulnerable patient population. We set out to evaluate the accuracy of registration of HF diagnoses in primary care EHRs.

Methods
In a routine primary care database covering the Amsterdam Metropolitan Area, we identified all episodes of care with International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC) codes K77 (decompensatio cordis) or K84.03 (cardiomyopathy) up to 31/12/2021. We also performed two text-based searches to identify HF episodes without an appropriate ICPC-code. An expert panel evaluated all ICPC and text matches for congruence between the assigned codes and notes.

Results
From a database of 968,433 records we identified 19,106 patients (2.0 %) with a total of 24,011 ICPC-coded HF episodes. Removal of 1,324 episodes found to concern other or uncertain diagnoses and inclusion of 4,582 validated HF episodes identified through text search led to exclusion of 909 (overregistration: 4.8 %) and inclusion of 2,266 additional patients (underregistration: 11.1 %). The inclusion of miscoded HF episodes advanced the first known date of HF diagnosis in 3.9 % of records, with a median shift of 3.45 years. Episode-level underregistration decreased significantly over time, from 23.8 % in 2006 to 10.0 % in 2021.

Conclusions
While there is improvement over time, there are still substantial levels of over- and underregistration of HF, emphasizing the need for cautious interpretation of ICPC-coded data. The findings contribute to the understanding of HF registration issues in primary care and provide insights for improving registration practices.
On Absolute and Quantitative Subspace Theorems
Authors: Ngo Hieu T. , Quang Si Duc 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Absolute Subspace Theorem, a vast generalization and a quantitative improvement of Schmidt’s Subspace Theorem, was first established by Evertse and Schlickewei and then strengthened remarkably by Evertse and Ferretti.
We study quantitative generalizations and extensions of subspace theorems in various contexts.
We establish a generalization of Evertse and Ferretti’s Absolute Subspace Theorem for hyperplanes in general position.
We obtain improved (non-absolute) Quantitative Subspace Theorems for hyperplanes in general position and in subgeneral position.
We show a Semi-quantitative Subspace Theorem for hyperplanes in non-subdegenerate position.
Geochemistry of magnetite from Fe-skarn deposits along the central Loei Fold Belt, Thailand
Authors: Assawincharoenkij Thitiphan , Homchan Kesinee , Hauzenberger Christoph , Keawpaluk Sirawit , Kanjanapayont Pitsanupong , Sutthirat Chakkaphan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Fe-deposits in Thailand are mostly located along the Loei Fold Belt in Central Thailand. The study areas, Khao Lek (KL) and Khao Thab Kwai (KTK), have Fe-deposits hosted in contact metamorphized Permian limestone and Permo-Triassic volcanic rocks. Magnetite forms over a wide range of geological conditions and incorporates various trace elements into its cubic spinel structure. The KL and KTK Fe-skarn deposits are mainly composed of massive magnetite. The main discriminator elements for magnetite are characterized by the distribution of Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, and Cu. Thus, this study focused on the chemical characteristics of magnetite to identify the origins of the iron ore deposits. This study investigated the trace element chemistry of the magnetite using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The high Ca + Al + Mn and low Ti + V and Ni/Cr + Mn contents of hydrothermal magnetite in the KL and KTK deposits support a typical skarn origin, and the textural and trace element features of the KL and KTK magnetite are analogous to those of typical calcic-Fe skarn deposits worldwide.
Development and validation of a test facility for bending corrosion fatigue of hybrid laminates
Authors: Delp Alexander , Walther Frank 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this article, the development of MoBeMeG, a modular device for bending-corrosion-fatigue investigations and variable specimen geometry in corrosive media with galvanic isolation between the test chamber and the test system, is presented. The main application is the investigation of hybrid laminates with high potential for galvanic corrosion, e.g., aluminum ∪ carbon fiber–reinforced plastics, focusing on the description of failure mechanisms and failure evolution at the interface under the influence of bending-corrosion-fatigue loading. The anvil distances are adjustable for the application of varying specimen geometries while retaining the full functionality of the test chamber and securing a full flexible testing possibility without the necessity of new constructions. The test engineering development results in considerable time savings as well as unparalleled efficiency enhancement in terms of bending-corrosion-fatigue performance assessments.
Mechanical characterization of 3D-Printed carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites and pure polymers: Tensile and compressive behavior analysis
Authors: Faidallah Rawabe Fatima , Hanon Muammel M. , Szakál Zoltán , Oldal István 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing is widely utilized for producing thermoplastic components with functional purposes. However, the inherent mechanical limitations of pure thermoplastic materials necessitate enhancements in their mechanical characteristics when employed in certain applications. One strategy for addressing this challenge involves the incorporation of reinforcement materials, such as carbon fiber (CF), within the thermoplastic matrix. This approach leads to the creation of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites (CFRPs) suitable for engineering applications. The utilization of CFRPs in 3D printing amalgamates the benefits of additive manufacturing, including customization, cost-effectiveness, reduced waste, swift prototyping, and accelerated production, with the remarkable specific strength of carbon fiber. This study encompasses tensile and compressive testing of distinct material compositions: recycled polylactic acid (rPLA), PLA enriched with 10 wt.% carbon fiber, pristine polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), and PETG bolstered with 10 wt.% carbon fiber. Tensile tests adhere to the ASTM D3039 standard for specimens of rectangular shape, while the ASTM D695 standard governs the compressive testing procedures. Additionally, an inquiry into the influence of the primary 3D printing build orientation parameter on the tensile and compressive strengths of diverse materials was conducted. The outcomes reveal that rPLA exhibits superior mechanical properties in both tensile and compressive tests, irrespective of flat or on-edge build orientations. In the context of tensile strength analysis, it is noteworthy that rPLA demonstrated a superior performance, surpassing CFPLA by 30% in flat orientation and exhibiting a remarkable 39.2% advantage in on-edge orientation. Moreover, PLA reinforced with carbon fiber exhibits superior tensile and compressive properties compared to its PETG counterpart. A comparative analysis between CFPLA and CF-PETG indicates that CF-PLA demonstrates higher tensile strengths, with increases of 26.6 and 27.6% for flat and on-edge orientations, respectively. In the context of compressive strength analysis, rPLA surpassed CFPLA, PETG, and CF-PETG by 23.7, 53, and 67%, respectively. Intriguingly, the findings indicate that the incorporation of 10 wt.% carbon fiber diminishes the tensile and compressive properties in comparison to pure PETG.
Ecological influences and visual attention to infant phenotypes
Authors: Garza Ray , Pazhoohi Farid , Byrd-Craven Jennifer 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn humans, the allocation of resources, such as parental care and attention, is vital to offspring survival. Life history strategies are influenced by cues in the environment, particularly those that signal the availability of resources. What has yet to be determined is how individuals allocate resources to infants as a function of perceived ecological harshness and life history strategy. In the current research we hypothesized that perceived ecology would influence infant ratings (Study 1), and that visual attention to infant phenotypes would be associated with life history strategies (Study 2). Study 1 investigated the effect of ecological conditions (control vs. harsh) on preferences to infant phenotypes (i.e., underweight, average weight, overweight). Participants (N = 246) were less likely to rate infants favorably under a harsh ecological condition. Study 2 investigated visual perception in processing infant images. Using an eye-tracking task, participants (N = 239) viewed images of infants while their eye movements were recorded. Participants displayed an early attentional bias (i.e., first fixation duration) to the head of the infant and focused most of their visual attention to the torso of infants (i.e., total visit duration). The results of the both studies indicate that ecological factors play an important role in rating infants, and data from eye-tracking demonstrates that phenotypes influence the amount of attention given to infants.
Microstructure development during rapid alloy solidification
Authors: Ji Kaihua , Clarke Amy J. , McKeown Joseph T. , Karma Alain 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Solidification processing of structural alloys can take place over an extremely wide range of solid–liquid interface velocities spanning six orders of magnitude, from the low-velocity constitutional supercooling limit of microns/s to the high-velocity absolute stability limit of m/s. In between these two limits, the solid–liquid interface is morphologically unstable and typically forms cellular-dendritic microstructures, but also other microstructures that remain elusive. Rapid developments in additive manufacturing have renewed the interest in modeling the high-velocity range, where approximate analytical theories provide limited predictions. In this article, we discuss recent advances in phase-field modeling of rapid solidification of metallic alloys, including a brief description of state-of-the-art experiments used for model validation. We describe how phase-field models can cope with the dual challenge of carrying out simulations on experimentally relevant length- and time scales and incorporating nonequilibrium effects at the solid–liquid interface that become dominant at rapid rates. We present selected results, illustrating how phase-field simulations have yielded unprecedented insights into high-velocity interface dynamics, shedding new light on both the absolute stability limit and the formation of banded microstructures that are a hallmark of rapid alloy solidification near this limit. We also discuss state-of-the-art experiments used to validate those insights.

Graphical abstract
Generation Z’s Expectations of a RemoteTeam Manager
Authors: Michałkiewicz Anna 
Published: May 2024

Objective: The paper aims to categorise the expectations of Generation Z of managers managing remote teams.
Research Design & Methods: The research was carried out using the technique of written statements according to instructions. Analysis of the data collected was performed with the use of text-analysis software NVivo Pro as well as MS Excel for quantitative analyses. The study group consisted of 287 people.
Findings: The analysis shows that, apart from digital skills, remote managers need several people-oriented qualities and skills. Young people expect understanding, empathy, patience, and support in performing duties. They emphasised the role that trust plays for managers in motivating employees. The research also shows that there was some differentiation in men’s and women’s answers. Women more often emphasise patience and team support, the need to trust employees and team-building skills, while men proportionally more often wrote about self-control, self­-confidence, firmness and assertiveness, which is partly in line with the stereotypical perception of a male manager.
Implications / Recommendations: The results reveal the image of the remote manager Generation Z expects: a manager-psychologist that is proficient in computer operation and will organise work and care for his team.
Contribution: The author hopes that the research presented in this article fills a cognitive gap on Generation Z and its expectations of remote managers. Developing knowledge in this area is essential as this generation will play an increasingly important role in the changing labour market.
Impact of triisopropanolamine on surface composition, crystallographic variation, and thermal behavior of C3A polymorphs
Authors: Kang Hyunuk , Lee Jihoon , Yang Jingwei , Moon Juhyuk 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, the impact of triisopropanolamine (TIPA) on both the crystallographic and surface properties of cubic and orthorhombic tricalcium aluminate (C3A) were investigated together with their hydration behavior and strength development. When TIPA was added during the grinding process, the pre-hydration and carbonation of C3A were effectively prevented, and crystal structural changes of C3A were confirmed. It leads to altering the hydration mechanism of C3A phases: in the case of cubic C3A, it promotes the formation of Al-hydrogarnet phases instead of OH-AFm phases even on the first day of curing. Similar hydration behavior was observed with orthorhombic C3A, but the phase transition of OH-AFm phases to Al-hydrogarnet occurs during a specific time period in 1–3 days. The latter was revealed as a very interesting endothermic reaction which can be the only heat absorptive behavior in complex cement hydration as reported so far.