bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Applications of Sulfones as Cationic Reagents
Authors: Chinchilla Rafael , Najera Carmen 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of β‐Hydroxy Acids via Chiral Enolates of Carboxylic Acids and Esters
Authors: Fringuelli Francesco , Piermatti Oriana , Pizzo Ferdinando 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of 1,4‐Dichlorobut‐2‐yne Derivatives Leading to Heterocycles
Authors: Majumdar Krishna C. , Biswas Paritosh 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Pyridylthioureas: Novel Nonpeptide Somatostatin Agonists with SST4 Selectivity
Authors: Liu S. , Crider A. M. , Tang C. , Ho B. , Ankersen M. , Stidsen C. E. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Concomitant weekly cisplatin and altered fractionation radiotherapy in locally advanced head and neck cancer
Authors: Newlin Heather E. , Amdur Robert J. , Riggs Charles E. , Morris Christopher G. , Kirwan Jessica M. , Mendenhall William M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Both concomitant chemotherapy and altered fractionation radiotherapy (RT) have been shown to improve outcomes for patients with locoregionally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. However, both strategies also increase acute toxicity, and it is questionable whether the 2 can be safely combined. Traditional concomitant chemotherapy regimens include high‐dose cisplatin given at 100 mg/m2every 3 weeks. The authors' purpose was to report efficacy and toxicity after weekly cisplatin (30 mg/m2/wk) concurrent with altered fractionation RT.METHODS:One hundred twenty‐one patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer stages II (3%), III (13%), or IV (84%) squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharynx (70%), hypopharynx (20%), or larynx (10%) were treated between 2000 and 2006 at the University of Florida with hyperfractionated RT (55 patients) or concomitant boost RT (66 patients) and concomitant cisplatin (30 mg/m2/wk).RESULTS:Median follow‐up was 2.9 years; median follow‐up on survivors was 3.6 years. Seventy‐nine percent of patients completed ≥6 cycles of chemotherapy; 94% received ≥7200 centigrays. Seven (6%) patients changed from cisplatin to carboplatin because of bone marrow toxicity. Gastrostomy tube feeding was required in 54% of patients either before (16%) or during RT (38%). Two (1.6%) patients died from therapy‐related complications. The 5‐year outcomes were: local control, 83%; locoregional control, 79%; distant metastasis‐free survival, 88%; cause‐specific survival, 76%; and overall survival, 59%. Seven (6%) patients had severe late complications. Three (3%) patients required a permanent gastrostomy tube.CONCLUSIONS:Concomitant weekly cisplatin with altered fractionation RT is a safe and effective treatment regimen. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Early alpha‐fetoprotein response predicts treatment efficacy of antiangiogenic systemic therapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Shao Yu‐Yun , Lin Zhong‐Zhe , Hsu Chiun , Shen Ying‐Chun , Hsu Chih‐Hung , Cheng Ann‐Lii 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Antiangiogenic therapy has become the most important treatment modality for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, the authors investigated levels of alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) as a potential biomarker for treatment efficacy of antiangiogenic therapy.METHODS:Patients with advanced HCC who had been enrolled in 3 prospective phase 2 clinical trials that evaluated either sorafenib, bevacizumab, or thalidomide in combination with a potentially antiangiogenic, metronomic, oral 5‐fluoropyrimidine as first‐line systemic therapy were included. An early AFP response was defined as a decline >20% from baseline after 2 to 4 weeks of treatment. AFP response was analyzed for its association with treatment efficacy and survival outcome.RESULTS:Seventy‐two patients were included for early AFP response evaluation, and 12 of those patients (17%) were classified as early AFP responders. Early AFP responders, compared with nonresponders, had a significantly improved overall response rate (33% vs 8%; P = .037) and a significantly improved disease control rate (83% vs 35%; P = .002), which was defined as the percentage of patients who had an objective response plus stable disease for a minimum of 8 weeks. AFP responders, compared with nonresponders, also had longer median progression‐free survival (PFS) (7.5 months vs 1.9 months; P = .001) and longer median overall survival (OS) (15.3 months vs 4.1 months; P = .019). In a multivariate analysis, AFP response remained a significant independent predictor of better PFS and OS.CONCLUSIONS:The current results indicated that an early AFP response is a useful surrogate marker to predict treatment response and prognosis in patients with advanced HCC who receive antiangiogenic therapy. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Expression of p16 in lymph node metastases of adjuvantly treated stage III colorectal cancer patients identifies poor prognostic subgroups
Authors: Karamitopoulou Eva , Zlobec Inti , Koumarianou Anna , Patsouris Efstratios S. , Peros George , Lugli Alessandro 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:The objective of identifying protein biomarkers for patients with stage III and IV colorectal cancer is to improve risk stratification and, thus, to identify patients in the postoperative setting who may benefit from more targeted treatment. The objective of the current study was to determine the prognostic value of 19 protein markers assessed in primary tumors and matched lymph node (LN) metastases from patients with stage III and IV colorectal cancer.METHODS:Matched primary tumors and LN metastases from 82 patients with stage III and IV colorectal cancer were mounted onto a multiple‐punch tissue microarray and were stained for 19 protein markers involved in tumor progression (β‐catenin, E‐cadherin, epidermal growth factor receptor, phosphorylated extracellular signal‐regulated kinase [pERK], receptor for hyaluronic acid‐mediated motility, phosphorylated protein kinase B, p21, p16, B‐cell lymphoma 2, Ki67, apoptotic protease activating factor 1, mammalian sterile 20‐like kinase 1, Raf kinase inhibitor protein, vascular endothelial growth factor, ephrin type‐B receptor 2, matrix metalloproteinase 7, laminin5γ2, mucin 1 [MUC1], and caudal‐related homeobox 2). The prognostic effects of biomarkers in both primary tumor and positive LNs were assessed.RESULTS:MUC1, pERK and p16 in LN (P = .002, P = .014, and P = .002, respectively) had independent prognostic value. In patients with stage III disease who received adjuvant treatment, negative p16 expression was associated with highly unfavorable outcomes overall (hazard ratio [HR], 0.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.1‐0.6; P = .005) when the analysis was stratified by pathologic tumor classification (HR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.1‐0.7; P = .005), age (HR, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.1‐0.6; P = .004), and LN ratio (HR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.1‐0.7; P = .007); and, in multivariate analysis, it was associated with performance status and the receipt of folic acid treatment (HR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.09‐0.89; P = .03).CONCLUSIONS:The loss of p16 in LN metastases contributed to adverse outcomes in adjuvantly treated patients with stage III colorectal cancer independent of pathologic tumor classification, age, LN ratio, performance status, or folic acid treatment. The current results support the investigation of p16 as a prognostic and potential predictive biomarker for future randomized trials of patients with stage III colorectal cancer. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Attention and working memory abilities in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Ashford Jason , Schoffstall Corrie , Reddick Wilburn E. , Leone Christina , Laningham Fred H. , Glass John O. , Pei Deqing , Cheng Cheng , Pui Ching‐Hon , Conklin Heather M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:To extend investigation beyond global cognitive measures prevalent in the literature, this study examined attention and working memory (WM) abilities of survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the separate contributions of attention and WM to intelligence quotient (IQ), and their association with neuroimaging changes.METHODS:Ninety‐seven children with ALL received risk‐directed therapy based on presenting clinical and biological factors. During consolidation therapy, low‐risk patients received half the dose of intravenous methotrexate that standard‐risk/high‐risk patients received, and fewer doses of triple intrathecal therapy. Patients were classified according to end of consolidation magnetic resonance imaging scans (normal or leukoencephalopathy), and continuous measures of white matter structure were computed. As part of the protocol study, children completed cognitive assessment 2 years later (completion of therapy), using Digit Span Forward (DSF) for attention and Digit Span Backward (DSB) for WM.RESULTS:For the total sample and the standard‐/high‐risk group, Total Digit Span (TDS), DSF, and DSB were impaired relative to norms (P <.05). In the low‐risk group, only DSB was impaired (P <.0001). Across groups, a higher percentage of patients performed below the average range (scale score <7) on DSB (66%) compared with the DSF (14%) or TDS (18%). Regression analysis indicated that DSB predicted estimated IQ (P <.05), after accounting for DSF. Leukoencephalopathy was predictive of lower TDS (P <.05).CONCLUSIONS:WM appears to be especially sensitive to treatment‐related changes in ALL survivors, detecting difficulties potentially missed by global intelligence measures. These findings may facilitate the identification of vulnerable neural pathways and the development of targeted cognitive interventions. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Relation between normal rectal methylation, smoking status, and the presence or absence of colorectal adenomas
Authors: Paun Bogdan C. , Kukuruga Debra , Jin Zhe , Mori Yuriko , Cheng Yulan , Duncan Mark , Stass Sanford A. , Montgomery Elizabeth , Hutcheon David , Meltzer Stephen J. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is 1 of the leading causes of death in the Western world. CRC develops from premalignant lesions, chiefly colorectal adenomas. Currently, the most accurate and recommended screening method for finding colorectal adenomas is colonoscopy performed on all individuals aged >50 years. However, the costs and risks associated with this procedure are relatively high. The objectives of the current study were to correlate epigenetic alterations that occur in normal rectal mucosa, smoking status, and age with the presence or absence of concomitant colorectal adenomas and to assess the potential clinical value of methylation in normal rectal biopsies as a screening assay for the presence of polyps and, hence, the need for a full colonoscopy.METHODS:One hundred thirteen normal rectal mucosal biopsies from 113 patients were studied. DNA was extracted, modified with sodium bisulfite, and subjected to real‐time quantitative, methylation‐specific polymerase chain reaction analysis for the following genes: adenomatous polyposis coli (APC); cadherin 1, type 1, E‐cadherin (epithelial) (CDH1); estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1); cytokine high in normal 1 (HIN1); hyperplastic polyposis protein 1 (HPP1); O‐6 methylguanine‐DNA methyltransferase (MGMT); neural epidermal growth factor‐like 1 (NELL1); splicing factor 3B, 14‐kDa subunit (p14); cyclin‐dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor 2B (inhibits CDK4) (p15); retinoic acid receptor beta (RARβ); somatostatin (SST); tachykinin, precursor 1 (TAC1); and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) metallopeptidase inhibitor 3 (TIMP3). Data were then analyzed using several proprietary software programs.RESULTS:By using several sets of genes, clinical characteristics, and multivariate analyses, the authors developed a prediction model for the presence of concomitant colorectal adenomas at the time of rectal biopsy. They also observed strong correlations between smoking status and rectal methylation pattern and between smoking status and the presence or risk of concomitant adenomas.CONCLUSIONS:A prediction model was developed for the presence of colorectal adenomas based on gene methylation patterns in the normal rectum. The results indicated that these genes may be involved in early stages of adenoma formation. The observed epigenetic alterations in these markers may be caused in part by the effects of smoking and/or age. Normal rectal methylation may be useful as a biomarker for narrowing the population in need of screening colonoscopy. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Long‐term results of a phase 2 study of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the management of high‐risk, high‐grade, soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities and body wall
Authors: Kraybill William G. , Harris Jonathan , Spiro Ira J. , Ettinger David S. , DeLaney Thomas F. , Blum Ronald H. , Lucas David R. , Harmon David C. , Letson G. Douglas , Eisenberg Burton 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:The use of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy in soft tissue sarcomas is controversial. This is a report of long‐term (≥5 years) follow‐up in patients with high‐grade, high‐risk soft tissue sarcomas treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, preoperative radiotherapy (RT), and adjuvant chemotherapy.METHODS:Patients with high‐grade soft tissue sarcoma ≥8 cm in diameter of the extremities and body wall received 3 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (mesna, doxorubicin, ifosfamide, and dacarbazine) and preoperative RT (44 grays administered in split courses), and 3 cycles of postoperative chemotherapy (mesna, doxorubicin, ifosfamide, and dacarbazine).RESULTS:Sixty‐four of 66 patients were analyzed. After chemotherapy and RT, 61 patients had surgery; 58 had R0 resections (5 amputations), and 3 had R1 resections. Ninety‐seven percent experienced grade 3 or higher toxicity, including 3 deaths. These toxicities were short term. With a median follow‐up of 7.7 years in surviving patients, the 5‐year rates of locoregional failure (including amputation), and distant metastasis were 22.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 11.8‐32.6) and 28.1% (95% CI, 17.0‐39.2). The most common site of metastasis was lung. Estimated 5‐year rates of disease‐free survival, distant disease‐free survival, and overall survival were 56.1% (95% CI, 43.9‐68.3), 64.1% (95% CI, 52.3‐75.8), and 71.2% (95% CI, 60.0‐82.5), respectively.CONCLUSIONS:Although the toxicity was significant, it was limited in its course and for the most part resolved by 1 year. The long‐term outcome was better than might be expected in such high‐risk tumors. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Clinical utility of multiparameter flow cytometry in the diagnosis of 1013 patients with suspected myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Kern Wolfgang , Haferlach Claudia , Schnittger Susanne , Haferlach Torsten 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:The diagnosis and classification of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) is based on cytomorphology (CM) and cytogenetics (CG). Multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) may add important diagnostic information.METHODS:To evaluate the potential role of MFC in the diagnostic setting of MDS, the authors analyzed the results from 1013 patients with suspected MDS by using CM, CG, and MFC in parallel.RESULTS:Concordance between CM and MFC was 82% for diagnostic results in 788 patients who had unequivocal CM results. An additional 225 patients had only minor dysplastic features identified by CM, including 51 patients (22.7%) who had clear evidence of MDS by MFC. Twelve patients who had no indication of MDS identified by CM had MDS‐typical CG aberrations; in 6 of those patients (50%), MFC revealed MDS characteristics. In another 11 of 23 patients (47.8%) who had minor dysplastic features identified by CM and MDS‐typical CG aberrations, MFC revealed MDS characteristics. The percentages of blasts determined by CM and by MFC were strongly correlated (P < .001). The frequency of aberrantly expressed antigens differed significantly between patients rated by CM as MDS (highest frequencies), suspected MDS, and no MDS (lowest frequencies). In various patients, MFC identified MDS‐typical aberrant antigen expression in cell compartments that were not rated dysplastic by CM. The numbers of aberrantly expressed antigens were correlated with International Prognostic Scoring System scores and overall survival.CONCLUSIONS:The current analysis clearly demonstrated an increased diagnostic yield with MFC when added to CM and CG in patients with suspected MDS. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Characteristics and outcomes of elderly patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma
Authors: Ney Douglas E. , Reiner Anne S. , Panageas Katherine S. , Brown Hayley S. , DeAngelis Lisa M. , Abrey Lauren E. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Approximately 50% of all patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) are aged ≥65 years; however, this group is relatively understudied, and to the authors's knowledge, optimal treatment for older patients is not well defined.METHODS:This was a retrospective review of PCNSL patients aged ≥65 years who were treated at Memorial Sloan‐Kettering Cancer Center between 1986 and 2008. A multivariate analysis of demographic and clinical variables on prognosis and receipt of treatment was performed.RESULTS:One hundred seventy‐four patients between the ages of 65 and 89 years were identified; there was a slight predominance of women (52.9%). One hundred forty‐eight patients were treated with chemotherapy at the time of diagnosis (98% with methotrexate‐based therapy) and 31 of these patients also received whole‐brain radiotherapy (WBRT). Sixteen patients received WBRT alone. A radiographic response to chemotherapy was noted in 76% of patients. Ninety patients developed disease progression after initial treatment; 74 received salvage therapy and 48% of these patients responded to salvage treatment. The median overall survival was 25 months (range, 18‐33 months), and the 3‐year survival rate was 36%. Approximately 20.1% of patients were alive for ≥11 years. WBRT was delivered more frequently before 1998, and patients with a history of prior malignancy were less likely to receive WBRT. Age and performance status were identified as the most important predictors of survival. Treatment‐related neurotoxicity at 2 years was strongly associated with receipt of WBRT (P = .0002).CONCLUSIONS:PCNSL in the elderly remains sensitive to methotrexate‐based chemotherapy and aggressive treatment may be warranted both at the time of diagnosis and disease recurrence. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
UV‐Dissipation Mechanisms in the Eumelanin Building Block DHICA
Authors: Huijser Annemarie , Pezzella Alessandro , Hannestad Jonas K. , Panzella Lucia , Napolitano Alessandra , d'Ischia Marco , Sundström Villy 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe UV‐dissipative mechanisms of the eumelanin building block 5,6‐dihydroxyindole‐2‐carboxylic acid (DHICA) and the 4,7‐dideutero derivative (DHICA‐d2) in buffered H2O or D2O have been characterized by using ultrafast time‐resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Excitation of the carboxylate anion form, the dominating state at neutral pH, leads to dual fluorescence. The band peaking at λ=378 nm is caused by emission from the excited initial geometry. The second band around λ=450 nm is owed to a complex formed between the mono‐anion and specific buffer components. In the absence of complex formation, the mono‐anion solely decays non‐radiatively or by emission with a lifetime of about 2.1 ns. Excitation of the neutral carboxylic acid state, which dominates at acidic pH, leads to a weak emission around λ=427 nm with a short lifetime of 240 ps. This emission originates from the zwitterionic state, formed upon excitation of the neutral state by sub‐ps excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) between the carboxylic acid group and the indole nitrogen. Future studies will unravel whether this also occurs in larger building blocks and ESIPT is a built‐in photoprotective mechanism in epidermal eumelanin.
Increasing derangement of glucose homeostasis is associated with increased arterial stiffness in patients with diabetes, impaired fasting glucose and normal controls
Authors: Lukich E. , Matas Z. , Boaz M. , Shargorodsky M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAimGlucose intolerance produces structural and functional changes in the arterial wall. The present study investigated association between glucose tolerance status and arterial stiffness in subjects with normal and impaired glucose regulation (IGR).MethodsThe study group consisted of 284 subjects, including 111 subjects with normal fasting glucose (NFG), 61 subjects classed as impaired fasting glucose (IFG) according of the new fasting blood glucose (FBG) cut‐off point of 100 mg/dL and 112 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). All patients were evaluated for glucose, HbA1C, insulin, lipids, C‐reactive protein (CRP) and homeostasis model assessment‐insulin resistance. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AI) were performed as a noninvasive recording of the two artery sites pressure waveform using SphygmoCor (version 7.1, AtCor Medical, Sydney, Australia).ResultsPulse wave velocity, augmentation index and central arterial pressure increased consistently with deterioration of glucose tolerance. PWV was significantly higher in subjects with diabetes than in the normal and IFG groups (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.007, respectively). IFG subjects had marginally higher PWV than normal subjects (p = 0.050). Compared to normal subjects, IFG and diabetes groups were associated with increased AI (p = 0.003 and p < 0.0001, respectively). Arterial stiffness parameters remained significantly higher in both IFG and diabetes groups compared to normal after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors and concomitant medications. Positive correlations between FBG, HbA1C and arterial stiffness parameters were detected.ConclusionsArterial stiffness parameters varied significantly across subgroups of patients with different degrees of impaired glucose regulation, such that increasingly deranged glucose homeostasis was associated with increased arterial stiffness. Early adverse vascular changes were detected in subjects with IFG. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.