bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction
Authors: Koenig-Archibugi Mathias 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Disagreements about whether a democratic world state is an ideal worth pursuing are partly rooted in disagreement over the interpretation and relative importance of values such as equality, autonomy, community, and tradition. But the disagreements are also driven by different understandings of the empirical realities of world politics. Perceptions of empirical circumstances and constraints determine which global institutions are deemed achievable and viable. But they also play a part in judgements on which ones are (more) desirable. Despite the importance of empirical evidence for assessing the idea of a world state, it has played only a marginal role in the debate. The introduction to the book defines what the universal republic is, introduces the questions covered in the book, and explains the approach chosen to answer those questions, positioning it in the context of major traditions of thinking about global politics.
Arguments on possibility
Authors: Koenig-Archibugi Mathias 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter presents the analytical framework that guides the empirical analysis of feasibility presented in the first part of the book. The first section discusses the meaning of feasibility in the light of recent philosophical literature and formulates tests for determining whether a democratic world state is achievable and whether it would be viable. The next three sections discuss a variety of arguments that have been advanced in support of the conclusion that a democratic world state is infeasible, organizing them based on the distinction between motivational, structural, and institutional constraints. The final section discusses the challenge of assessing these arguments using empirical data, and presents the general strategy utilized in the book.
Spatial transcriptomic analysis of amelanotic acral melanoma versus pigmented acral melanoma reveals distinct molecular determinants
Authors: Choi Myoung Eun , Choi Eun Ji , Lee Jeong Hyeon , Won Chong Hyun , Chang Sung Eun , Lee Mi Woo , Lee Woo Jin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Amelanotic acral melanoma (AAM) is a rare type of acral melanoma that has a poor prognosis.

Objectives
To investigate the transcriptomic differences between AAM and pigmented acral melanoma (PAM).

Methods
Differences in the spatially resolved transcriptomic profiles of 9 patients with AAM with 29 regions of interest (ROIs) and 11 patients with PAM with 46 ROIs were investigated using S100b and CD3 morphology markers.

Results
In S100b+ tumour cell areas, we detected 11 upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs; including chaperone/ubiquitin-­associated DEGs) and 82 downregulated DEGs (including human leucocyte antigen) in AAMs vs. PAMs. Protein–protein interaction network and pathway analyses revealed significant enrichment of dysregulated translational and nonsense-mediated decay pathways but significant decreases in antigen processing and presentation, interferon signalling and melanin biosynthesis pathways in S100b+ ROIs of AAMs compared with PAMs. In tumour-associated immune cell areas, the numbers of CD8 T cells (P = 0.04) and M1 macrophages (P = 0.01) were significantly decreased, whereas those of monocytes (P = 0.04) and endothelial cells (P = 0.04) were increased in AAMs compared with PAMs.

Conclusions
These findings could widen our understanding of the biological differences between AAMs and PAMs, which might result in a different clinical course.
First Detection of Food-Derived Agricultural Chemicals Residues in Waste Wool Fibers by Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction-QuEChERS Cleanup-UPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Li Yingao , Liu Jun , Li Shuai , Deng Huidan , Zhao Hui , Meng Lili , Jia Lixia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Food-derived agricultural chemical residues (FACRs) accumulate gradually in organisms and can damage their nervous system, endocrine system and reproductive system, posing significant harm. Currently, there is little literature on the detection of FACRs in waste wool fibers. In this paper, an ultrasound-assisted extraction-QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, Safe) cleanup-UPLC-Ms/Ms method was applied for the qualitative analysis and quantitative determination of trace FACRs in waste wool fibers with 0.2% formic acid–methanol as extraction solvent and multi-selective ion scanning. Using the external standard method, it was shown that the 13 target FACRs showed good linearity in the mass concentration range of 0.1–50 μg/kg. The limits of detection were 1.0– 10.0 μg/kg and the limits of quantification were 4.0–40.0 μg/kg. The recoveries of the 13 target FACRs ranged from 78 to 112.6% at the 5-, 10- and 20-fold detection limit spiked levels, and the intra- or inter-day relative standard deviations were 2.05–6.98% or 1.98–6.99%, respectively. This method satisfied the detection requirements and can be used in applications.
Evolution and prognosis of tricuspid and mitral regurgitation following cardiac implantable electronic devices: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yuyun Matthew F , Joseph Jacob , Erqou Sebhat A , Kinlay Scott , Echouffo-Tcheugui Justin B , Peralta Adelqui O , Hoffmeister Peter S , Boden William E , Yarmohammadi Hirad , Martin David T , Singh Jagmeet P 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aims
Significant changes in tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and mitral regurgitation (MR) post-cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) are increasingly recognized. However, uncertainty remains as to whether the risk of CIED-associated TR and MR differs with right ventricular pacing (RVP) via CIED with trans-tricuspid RV leads, compared with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), conduction system pacing (CSP), and leadless pacing (LP). The study aims to synthesize extant data on risk and prognosis of significant post-CIED TR and MR across pacing strategies.

Methods and results
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases published until 31 October 2023. Significant post-CIED TR and MR were defined as ≥ moderate. Fifty-seven TR studies (n = 13 723 patients) and 90 MR studies (n = 14 387 patients) were included. For all CIED, the risk of post-CIED TR increased [pooled odds ratio (OR) = 2.46 and 95% CI = 1.88–3.22], while the risk of post-CIED MR reduced (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.58–0.94) after 12 and 6 months of median follow-up, respectively. Right ventricular pacing via CIED with trans-tricuspid RV leads was associated with increased risk of post-CIED TR (OR = 4.54, 95% CI = 3.14–6.57) and post-CIED MR (OR = 2.24, 95% CI = 1.18–4.26). Binarily, CSP did not alter TR risk (OR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.13–1.02), but significantly reduced MR (OR = 0.15, 95% CI = 0.03–0.62). Cardiac resynchronization therapy did not significantly change TR risk (OR = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.55–2.17), but significantly reduced MR with prevalence pre-CRT of 43%, decreasing post-CRT to 22% (OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.40–0.61). There was no significant association of LP with post-CIED TR (OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 0.83–1.59) or MR (OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 0.72–2.39). Cardiac implantable electronic device–associated TR was independently predictive of all-cause mortality [pooled hazard ratio (HR) = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.40–1.90] after median of 53 months. Mitral regurgitation persisting post-CRT independently predicted all-cause mortality (HR = 2.00, 95% CI = 1.57–2.55) after 38 months.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that, when possible, adoption of pacing strategies that avoid isolated trans-tricuspid RV leads may be beneficial in preventing incident or deteriorating atrioventricular valvular regurgitation and might reduce mortality.
Clinical indicators to monitor health care in low back pain: a scoping review
Authors: Dos Santos Vanessa L , Sato Karen S , Maher Chris G , Vidal Rubens V.C , Grande Guilherme H.D , Costa Leonardo O. P , Machado Gustavo C , Ferreira Giovanni E , Buchbinder Rachelle , Oliveira Crystian B 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Clinical care indicators for low back pain can be used to monitor healthcare practices and consequently be used to evaluate success of strategies to improve care quality. The aim of this study was to identify the clinical care indicators that have been used to measure appropriateness of health care for patients with low back pain. We conducted a systematic search of five electronic databases and Google to identify clinical care indicators that have been used to measure any aspect of care for people with low back pain. Care indicators were narratively described according to their type (i.e. structure, process, or outcomes) and categorized by their purpose (e.g. to measure aspects related to assessment, imaging requests, treatment/prevention, and outcomes). A total of 3562 and 2180 records were retrieved from electronic databases and Google searches, respectively. We identified 280 indicators related to low back pain care from 40 documents and publications. Most quality indicators were process indicators (n = 213, 76%), followed by structure (n = 41, 15%) and outcome indicators (n = 26, 9%). The most common indicators were related to imaging requests (n = 41, 15%), referral to healthcare providers (n = 30, 11%), and shared decision-making (n = 21, 7%). Our review identified a range of clinical care indicators that have been used to measure the quality of health care for people with low back pain. Our findings will support a Delphi study to reach international consensus on what would be the most important and feasible indicators for a minimum dataset to be collected globally.
Transforming and facilitating health care delivery through social networking platforms: evidences and implications from WeChat
Authors: Ye Jiancheng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Telehealth or remote care has been widely leveraged to provide health care support and has achieved tremendous developments and positive results, including in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Social networking platform, as an easy-to-use tool, has provided users with simplified means to collect data outside of the traditional clinical environment. WeChat, one of the most popular social networking platforms in many countries, has been leveraged to conduct telehealth and hosted a vast amount of patient-generated health data (PGHD), including text, voices, images, and videos. Its characteristics of convenience, promptness, and cross-platform support enrich and simplify health care delivery and communication, addressing some weaknesses of traditional clinical care during the pandemic. This study aims to systematically summarize how WeChat platform has been leveraged to facilitate health care delivery and how it improves the access to health care.

Materials and Methods
Utilizing Levesque’s health care accessibility model, the study explores WeChat’s impact across 5 domains: Approachability, Acceptability, Availability and accommodation, Affordability, and Appropriateness.

Results
The findings highlight WeChat’s diverse functionalities, ranging from telehealth consultations and remote patient monitoring to seamless PGHD exchange. WeChat’s integration with health tracking apps, support for telehealth consultations, and survey capabilities contribute significantly to disease management during the pandemic.

Discussion and Conclusion
The practices and implications from WeChat may provide experiences to utilize social networking platforms to facilitate health care delivery. The utilization of WeChat PGHD opens avenues for shared decision-making, prompting the need for further research to establish reporting guidelines and policies addressing privacy and ethical concerns associated with social networking platforms in health research.
Effects of supplemental citrulline on thermal and intestinal morphology parameters during heat stress and feed restriction in growing pigs
Authors: Kvidera Sara K , Mayorga Edith J , McCarthy Carrie S , Horst Erin A , Abeyta Megan A , Baumgard Lance H 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Study objectives were to characterize the effects of citrulline (CIT) on physiological and intestinal morphology metrics during heat stress (HS) and feed restriction. Forty crossbred gilts (30 ± 2 kg body weight [BW]) were assigned to one of five treatments: (1) thermoneutral (TN) fed ad libitum (AL) with control (CON) supplement (TNAL; n = 8), (2) TN pair-fed (PF) with CON (PF-CON; n = 8), (3) TN PF with CIT (PF-CIT; n = 8), (4) HS AL with CON (HS-CON; n = 8), and (5) HS AL with CIT (HS-CIT; n = 8). During the period (P) 1 (7 d), pigs were in TN conditions (23.6 °C) and fed AL their respective supplemental treatments. During P2 (2.5 d), HS-CON and HS-CIT pigs were fed AL and exposed to cyclical HS (33.6 to 38.3 °C), while TNAL, PF-CON, and PF-CIT remained in TN and were fed either AL or PF to their HS counterparts. Citrulline (0.13 g/kg BW) was orally administered twice daily during P1 and P2. HS increased rectal temperature (Tr), skin temperature (Ts), and respiration rate (RR) relative to TN pigs (0.8 °C, 4.7 °C, and 47 breaths/min, respectively; P &lt; 0.01). However, HS-CIT had decreased RR (7 breaths/min, P = 0.04) and a tendency for decreased Tr (0.1 °C, P = 0.07) relative to HS-CON pigs. During P2, HS pigs had decreased feed intake (22%; P &lt; 0.01) and a tendency for decreased average daily gain (P = 0.08) relative to TNAL pigs, and by experimental design, PF pigs followed this same pattern. Circulating lipopolysaccharide-binding protein tended to be decreased (29%; P = 0.08) in PF relative to TNAL pigs and was increased (41%; P = 0.03) in HS compared to PF pigs. Jejunum villus height was decreased in PF relative to TNAL pigs (15%; P = 0.03); however, CIT supplementation improved this metric during feed restriction (16%; P = 0.10). Jejunum mucosal surface area decreased in PF (16%; P = 0.02) and tended to decrease in HS (11%; P = 0.10) compared to TNAL pigs. Ileum villus height and mucosal surface area decreased in HS compared to TNAL pigs (10 and 14%, respectively; P ≤ 0.04), but both parameters were rescued by CIT supplementation (P ≤ 0.08). Intestinal myeloperoxidase and goblet cell area remained similar among treatments and intestinal segments (P &gt; 0.24). In summary, CIT supplementation slightly improved RR and Tr during HS. Feed restriction and HS differentially affected jejunum and ileum morphology and while CIT ameliorated some of these effects, the benefit appeared dependent on intestinal section and stressor type.
A unique case of appendiceal diverticulum presenting with positive faecal immunochemical test
Authors: Saqib Imad-ud-din , Noor Nigel , Joshi Heman 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Appendiceal diverticulum is a rare condition that usually presents with symptoms similar to acute appendicitis. Although imaging can be used to aid the diagnosis of this condition, it is usually confirmed postoperatively on the basis of histology. Because of an increased risk of appendiceal neoplasms, the usual management is prophylactic appendicectomy. We report the case of a 70-year-old lady with no symptoms referred from her GP surgery for a positive faecal immunochemical test as part of the bowel screening programme. Colonoscopy showed a mass at the appendiceal orifice with normal histology. She underwent an appendicectomy with a small cuff of caecal resection. The lesion was ~8 cm at its maximum dimension and showed appendiceal diverticulum. Appendiceal diverticulum is an important differential diagnosis to consider in patients with atypical history of acute appendicitis or positive faecal immunochemical test with no other symptoms.
Giant coronary artery aneurysm occluded completely by a thrombus
Authors: Ishida Shinichi , Maeno Genki , Kato Aoi , Wada Yuson , Okawa Hideyuki , Sakurai Takahisa , Nonaka Toshimichi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A coronary artery aneurysm is an uncommon vascular disorder, and it can be a life-threatening disease when associated with rupture or an embolism. A 52-year-old man was found to have a 50-mm coronary artery aneurysm at the right coronary artery, and the aneurysm was completely occluded by a thrombus. He had no symptoms after arriving at our hospital, and his hemodynamics was stable. Therefore, initially, we administered anticoagulation therapy involving heparin. After therapy, the distal coronary artery was detected when the thrombus dissolved, and elective surgery was planned. Coronary artery bypass grafting, ligation of the inflow and outflow vessels, and resection of the aneurysm were performed. Early anticoagulation therapy and surgical aneurysm resection were effective for treating the completely occluded coronary artery aneurysm. We herein report this rare case of a giant coronary artery aneurysm occluded completely by a thrombus and treated successfully by anticoagulation therapy and surgical aneurysm resection.
Chylous ascites after associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for stage hepatectomy (ALPPS): overview and case report
Authors: Gallegos Luz Estefanía González , Velázquez Carlos Alberto Córdova , Azuela Oscar Chapa , Preciado Irving Hugo Aguilar , Vásquez Carmen Judith Roca , García Jorge Alberto Roldan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Chylous ascites is an uncommon pathology with low incidence following hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery, there are no cases reported in the international literature following the associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for stage hepatectomy (ALPPS) procedure. It is caused by abnormal intraperitoneal accumulation of lymph fluid in the abdominal cavity secondary to obstruction or injury to the chyle cistern or its tributaries. We describe the case of a 49-year-old woman diagnosed with colon cancer and liver metastasis. ALPPS was performed, on a first and second stage, presenting a high drainage output as well as change in the characteristics of the drainage fluid. The diagnosis of chylous ascites was confirmed by finding triglyceride levels in the drainage fluid at 300 mg/dL. Medical treatment was started based on a hyper-protein diet and fat restriction, supplemented with medium-chain triglycerides and somatostatin analog, with fistula resolution. It can be managed with medical treatment.
Appendicitis after colonoscopy—a case report, literature review, and synopsis of the pitfalls in diagnosis
Authors: Milton Austin , Cox Bradley , Charles Michael , Khorgami Zhamak 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A case is described in which appendicitis presented in a 73-year-old woman the day after a colonoscopy. Possible mechanisms for appendicitis aggravated by colonoscopy include barotrauma, irritation by residual glutaraldehyde type solution used for cleaning the endoscope, fecalith, and/or appendicolith being pushed into the orifice of the appendix by insufflation during the colonoscopy. This rare complication is likely most often unavoidable due to the pressure required to properly visualize the colon (which typically ranges from 9 to 57 mmHg) and the manipulation required to visualize and cannulate the ileocecal valve. Physicians should consider possibility of acute appendicitis after colonoscopy when evaluating abdominal pain after a recent colonoscopy.
An efficient sulfadiazine selection scheme for stable transformation in the model liverwort Marchantia polymorpha
Authors: Robinson Kayla , Chia Khong-Sam , Guyon Alex , Schornack Sebastian , Carella Philip 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Plant macroevolutionary studies leverage the phylogenetic position of non-flowering model systems like the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha to investigate the origin and evolution of key plant processes. To date, most molecular genetic studies in Marchantia rely on hygromycin and/or chlorsulfuron herbicide resistance markers for the selection of stable transformants. Here, we used a sulfonamide-resistant dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) gene to enable sulfadiazine-based transformation selection in M. polymorpha. We demonstrate the reliability of sulfadiazine selection on its own and in combination with existing hygromycin and chlorsulfuron selection schemes through transgene stacking experiments. The utility of this system is further demonstrated through confocal microscopy of a triple transgenic line carrying fluorescent proteins labelling the plasma membrane, cortical microtubules, and the nucleus. Collectively, our findings and resources broaden the capacity to genetically manipulate the increasingly popular model liverwort M. polymorpha.
Dementing Illnesses
Authors: Selwa Linda M. , Gelb Douglas J. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter offers a general clinical approach to the diagnosis of dementia, followed by detailed discussion of the clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, and approach to diagnosis and management of major degenerative dementias: Alzheimer disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), vascular cognitive impairment (VCI), and limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE), with a focus on the associated misfolded proteins (beta-amyloid, alpha-synuclein, tau, and transactivation response DNA binding protein of 43 kDa, or TDP-43). The chapter also discusses mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and primary progressive aphasia.
From cores to stars: searching for a universal rule for star formation
Authors: Houghton Rebecca J , Goodwin Simon P 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Star formation is generally considered to be ‘universal’, meaning that it is statistically the same everywhere (and at all times). We investigate whether it is possible to find a simple rule for the conversion of molecular cores into bound stellar systems, along with the resulting secular decay and dynamical destruction of these systems, which can match the field initial mass functions (IMFs) and multiplicity statistics. We find that extreme cases, in which the core fragmentation is self-similar or has a strong dependence on initial core mass, cannot reproduce the observations of the field. However, a model in which core fragmentation is fairly weakly dependent on core mass has some success, if we include the effects of secular decay on the multiplicity statistics. This model both fits the IMF well and has an overabundance of low-mass binary systems over the field that matches local star-forming regions. However, it is unclear whether this overabundance could be dynamically processed to match the field.
Forecasting the BAO measurements of the CSST galaxy and AGN spectroscopic surveys
Authors: Miao Haitao , Gong Yan , Chen Xuelei , Huang Zhiqi , Li Xiao-Dong , Zhan Hu 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
The spectroscopic survey of the China’s Space Survey Telescope (CSST) is expected to obtain a huge number of slitless spectra, including more than one hundred million galaxy spectra and millions of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) spectra. By making use of these spectra, we can measure the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) signals over large redshift ranges with excellent precisions. In this work, we predict the CSST measurements of the post-reconstruction galaxy power spectra at $0\lt z\lt 1.2$ and pre-reconstruction AGN power spectra at $0\lt z\lt 4$, and derive the BAO signals at different redshift bins by constraining the BAO scaling parameters using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. Our result shows that the CSST spectroscopic survey can provide accurate BAO measurements with precisions higher than 1 and 3 per cent for the galaxy and AGN surveys, respectively. By comparing with current measurements in the same range at low redshifts, this can improve the precisions by a factor of $2\sim 3$, and similar precisions can be obtained in the pessimistic case. We also investigate the constraints on the cosmological parameters using the measured BAO data by the CSST, and obtain stringent constraint results for the energy density of dark matter, Hubble constant, and equation of state of dark energy.