bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disassembly and Structural Reuse Potential of Steel-Timber Shear Connections with Screws
Authors: Bompa Dan V. , Ungureanu Viorel , Elghazouli Ahmed Y. , Afsal Ahamed 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe paper evaluates the disassembly capability and reuse potential of steel-timber shear connections. Experiments involving double shear configurations with coach screws of three diameters are detailed. Monotonic tests were first performed for each configuration to evaluate the stiffness, strength, and ductility. Counterparts were then tested under ten loading-unloading cycles, to 40% of the capacity obtained from the monotonic tests, to evaluate stiffness degradation characteristics, screw deformations, and cross-laminated timber (CLT) panel damage. After disassembly and measurements, the specimens were reassembled and tested up to failure. The measurements indicated that the secant stiffness enhances after the first loading cycle and is then largely constant to the tenth cycle. After disassembly, the screws had permanent deformations, and the timber panels indicated limited damage during the cyclic loading. The reassembled specimens had similar stiffness, strength, ductility, and failure modes as the monotonic test specimens. Based on test measurements, both the steel profile and the CLT panels have full structural reusability. The test results can be used as a measure for quantification of the structural reuse potential through an index that can be incorporated into established building circularity indicators.
Use of Textile Fiber Waste to Improve the Thermal and Mechanical Performance of Cement-Based Mortar
Authors: Ayed Rabeb , Borri Emiliano , Zsembinszki Gabriel , Bouadila Salwa , Cabeza Luisa F. , Lazaar Mariem 
Published: May 2024

AbstractImproving the thermal properties of materials used in buildings is crucial to reducing energy demand and consumption. This study investigated the use of textile fiber waste in cement-based composites for construction applications. Mechanical and thermal characterizations were carried out to assess the behavior of cement mortars with different percentages of two types of textile fibers after 7 and 28 days of water hardening. The results show that the incorporation of fibers can significantly improve the thermal insulation capacity of buildings by reducing the thermal conductivity of cement mortar by up to 52%. In addition, the use of textile fibers can improve the mechanical strength of the cement mortar, especially with a high fiber content and a longer curing time.
Regenerative Approach in Sustainable Composite Structure Design for Building
Authors: Fakhfakh Mariem , Taieb Amin Hadj 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBy integrating living organisms and their intelligent capabilities at the heart of the design process, design evolves towards a creation in harmony with the surrounding nature. Therefore, the designer is led to reconsider the way they design sustainable solutions, capable not only of integrating but also of acting as living entities within their ecosystem. This approach promotes continuous interaction with the environment, fostering mutual enrichment where design and nature mutually enhance each other. Designers have the ability to reintegrate nature into the creation of materials and collaborate with natural resources. This reintegration fosters mutual positive impacts between natural and human systems. Such interactions lead designers to envision proactive scenarios for future habitats, merging scientific knowledge to co-evolve with nature. The design thus becomes a catalyst for transforming the design paradigm towards interconnectedness harmonious with the environment. In this context, it involves co-creation with living organisms from a perspective of bio-integrity rather than anthropocentrism, contributing to the regeneration of natural systems, restoration of human health, and preservation of biodiversity. While this approach presents a forward-thinking perspective, our empirical study seeks to demonstrate its potential implications in our daily lives and the real world. We have attempted to explore various methods and tests to incorporate the microorganism Ulva algae into the process of developing a living construction material, with the aim of promoting a locally regenerative approach.
Assessing the Impacts of Urban Circular Economy Practices on Economic Growth, Environmental Sustainability, and Social Benefits: A Case Study Analysis
Authors: Salles Adriana , Cervantes Camila , Bragança Luís 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe urban circular economy is a highly effective approach to both waste management and the utilization of resources. Many cities have already adopted best practices based on circular economy principles. However, implementing such practices requires multi-stakeholder engagement, new business models, and collaboration between cities. Some successful strategies exist, ranging from urban agriculture and waste-to-energy to sharing economies, industrial symbiosis, and sustainable mobility, as well as eco-design, waste prevention, and the extension of product life. By adopting circular economy practices, cities can support economic growth, reduce environmental impact, and create social benefits, thereby moving towards a more sustainable future. In this regard, this study aims to analyze circular economy practices at the urban circularity level, by assessing their impacts on economic growth, environmental sustainability, and social benefits. To achieve this goal, a literature review is conducted to identify the most widely adopted circular strategies in cities. Comprehensive data collection, encompassing quantitative and qualitative measures, including economic indicators, environmental metrics, social assessments, and stakeholder feedback on the implementation process. Then the case study of Amsterdam is selected to demonstrate how urban circularity can be effective in achieving a balance between economic growth, environmental sustainability, and social benefits. Finally, this study also provides insights into the potential of urban circularity as an effective tool for sustainable urban development.
The Effect of Standardization on the Future of Sustainable Refurbishment of Existing Buildings
Authors: Leindecker Gerald 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThere is a vast building stock of existing buildings and the exchange rate is low (up to 0.2% per year). Therefore, there is a very strong need to deal with the existing building stock in respect to circularity. The effect of (new) regulations and standards on this volume for refurbishment and recycling of building materials is therefore crucial to meet the targets of CO2 reduction by increasing aspects of circularity overall to support environmental sustainability. The influence of standards towards the harmonization of technical requirements for refurbishment of existing buildings is therefore essential for wider implementation and acceptance in the market. There is, however, a gap identified between existing relevant standardization efforts and research in the field of refurbishment in the context of circularity. The effect of newly released standards and regulation will be analysed and identified barriers are discussed such as the generation and dissemination process of these standards.
Musical Meter as Shape: An Embodied Perspective on Metrical Trajectories and Curves
Authors: Haugen Mari Romarheim 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe perception of musical rhythm includes not only thesonic rhythmbut also theendogenous reference structures,such asmeter. Musical meter is often described and understood as points in time or durations between such points. In this chapter, I argue that musical meter also has ashape. I propose that we perceive and make sense of musical meter based on our previous musical experiences involving meter-related bodily motion. In other words, the meter-related motion is integral to the perceived meter—they are the same. Meter thus has ashapethat relates to the embodied sensations of these movements. Also crucial is the notion that musical meter is conditioned by musical culture. This perspective on meter as shape is highly influenced by Godøy’smotor-mimetic perspective on music perceptionandmusical shape cognitionand concurs with the multimodal approach to sonic design that acknowledges motion as intrinsic to music performance and perception.
Unmixing the Wilson line defect CFT. Part I. Spectrum and kinematics
Authors: Ferrero Pietro , Meneghelli Carlo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This is the first of a series of two papers in which we study the one-dimensional defect CFT defined by insertions of local operators along a $$\frac{1}{2}$$-BPS Wilson line in $$\mathcal{N}$$ = 4 super Yang-Mills. In this first paper we focus on the kinematical implications of invariance under the $$\mathfrak{o}\mathfrak{s}\mathfrak{p}\left({4}^{*}|4\right)$$ superconformal algebra preserved by the line. We study correlation functions involving both protected and unprotected supermultiplets and derive the associated superconformal blocks, using two types of superspace for short and long representations. We also discuss the spectrum of defect theories defined by the Wilson line, focusing in particular on fundamental lines in the planar limit: in this case we provide a detailed analysis of the type and number of states both at weak ’t Hooft coupling, via the free gauge theory description of the defect CFT, and at strong coupling, where there is a dual description via AdS/CFT. Focusing on the strongly-coupled regime, which will be subject to a detailed analysis using analytic bootstrap techniques in [1], we also develop a strategy that allows to explicitly build superconformal primary operators and their superconformal descendants in terms of the elementary fields in the AdS Lagrangian description. The explicit results will be used in [1] to address the problem of operators mixing at strong coupling. This paper and the companion [1] provide an extended version of the results presented in [2].
New non-supersymmetric flux vacua from generalised calibrations
Authors: Menet Vincent 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We construct a new class of non-supersymmetric ten-dimensional type II flux vacua, by studying first order differential equations which are deformations of the $$\mathcal{N}$$ = 1 supersymmetry conditions. We do so within the context of Generalised Complex Geometry, where there is a natural interpretation of the $$\mathcal{N}$$ = 1 supersymmetry conditions in terms of calibration conditions for probe D-branes, called D-string, domain-wall or space-filling branes, depending on them wrapping two, three or four non-compact dimensions. We focus on the class of non-supersymmetric vacua violating the D-string calibration condition, and write down their general equations of motion in the language of pure spinors. We solve them for a subclass of vacua, where the deformation of the calibration condition is dictated by the foliated geometry of the internal space. We also construct backgrounds violating both the domain-wall and D-string calibration conditions, generalising the one-parameter DWSB class of backgrounds introduced in Lüst et al. We present several explicit solutions with SU(2) and SU(3) structures, and we investigate briefly their associated low energy effective theories.
Asymptotic symmetries of SU(2) Yang-Mills-Higgs theory in Hamiltonian formulation
Authors: Janshen Lena , Giulini Domenico 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We investigate the asymptotic symmetry group of a SU(2)-Yang-Mills theory coupled to a Higgs field in the Hamiltonian formulation. This extends previous work on the asymptotic structure of pure electromagnetism by Henneaux and Troessaert, and on electromagnetism coupled to scalar fields and pure Yang-Mills fields by Tanzi and Giulini. We find that there are no obstructions to global electric and magnetic charges, though that is rather subtle in the magnetic case. Again it is the Hamiltionian implementation of boost symmetries that need a careful and technically subtle discussion of fall-off and parity conditions of all fields involved.
Temporal approximation of stochastic evolution equations with irregular nonlinearities
Authors: Klioba Katharina , Veraar Mark 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we prove convergence for contractive time discretisation schemes for semi-linear stochastic evolution equations with irregular Lipschitz nonlinearities, initial values, and additive or multiplicative Gaussian noise on 2-smooth Banach spaces X. The leading operator A is assumed to generate a strongly continuous semigroup S on X, and the focus is on non-parabolic problems. The main result concerns convergence of the uniform strong error$$\begin{aligned} \textrm{E}_{k}^{\infty } {:}{=}\Big (\mathbb {E}\sup _{j\in \{0, \ldots , N_k\}} \Vert U(t_j) - U^j\Vert _X^p\Big )^{1/p} \rightarrow 0\quad (k \rightarrow 0), \end{aligned}$$

E

k

∞

:
=

(

E

sup

j
∈
{
0
,
…
,

N
k

}

‖
U

(

t
j

)

-

U
j

‖

X
p

)

1
/
p

→
0

(
k
→
0
)

,

where $$p \in [2,\infty )$$

p
∈
[
2
,
∞
)

, U is the mild solution, $$U^j$$

U
j

is obtained from a time discretisation scheme, k is the step size, and $$N_k = T/k$$

N
k

=
T
/
k

for final time $$T>0$$

T
>
0

. This generalises previous results to a larger class of admissible nonlinearities and noise, as well as rough initial data from the Hilbert space case to more general spaces. We present a proof based on a regularisation argument. Within this scope, we extend previous quantified convergence results for more regular nonlinearity and noise from Hilbert to 2-smooth Banach spaces. The uniform strong error cannot be estimated in terms of the simpler pointwise strong error$$\begin{aligned} \textrm{E}_k {:}{=}\bigg (\sup _{j\in \{0,\ldots ,N_k\}}\mathbb {E}\Vert U(t_j) - U^{j}\Vert _X^p\bigg )^{1/p}, \end{aligned}$$

E
k

:
=

(

sup

j
∈
{
0
,
…
,

N
k

}

E

‖
U

(

t
j

)

-

U
j

‖

X
p

)

1
/
p

,

which most of the existing literature is concerned with. Our results are illustrated for a variant of the Schrödinger equation, for which previous convergence results were not applicable.
Multiresolution kernel matrix algebra
Authors: Harbrecht H. , Multerer M. , Schenk O. , Schwab Ch. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe propose a sparse algebra for samplet compressed kernel matrices to enable efficient scattered data analysis. We show that the compression of kernel matrices by means of samplets produces optimally sparse matrices in a certain S-format. The compression can be performed in cost and memory that scale essentially linearly with the number of data points for kernels of finite differentiability. The same holds true for the addition and multiplication of S-formatted matrices. We prove that the inverse of a kernel matrix, given that it exists, is compressible in the S-format as well. The use of selected inversion allows to directly compute the entries in the corresponding sparsity pattern. Moreover, S-formatted matrix operations enable the efficient, approximate computation of more complicated matrix functions such as $${\varvec{A}}^\alpha $$

A

α

or $$\exp ({\varvec{A}})$$

exp
(

A

)

of a matrix $${\varvec{A}}$$

A

. The matrix algebra is justified mathematically by pseudo differential calculus. As an application, we consider Gaussian process learning algorithms for implicit surfaces. Numerical results are presented to illustrate and quantify our findings.
Assessment of body mass-related covariates for rifampicin pharmacokinetics in healthy Caucasian volunteers
Authors: Bilal Muhammad , Ullah Sami , Jaehde Ulrich , Trueck Christina , Zaremba Dario , Wachall Bertil , Wargenau Manfred , Scheidel Bernhard , Wiesen Martin H. J. , Gazzaz Malaz , Chen Chunli , Büsker Sören , Fuhr Uwe , Taubert Max , Dokos Charalambos 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Currently, body weight-based dosing of rifampicin is recommended. But lately, fat-free mass (FFM) was reported to be superior to body weight (BW). The present evaluation aimed to assess the influence of body mass-related covariates on rifampicin’s pharmacokinetics (PK) parameters in more detail using non-linear mixed effects modeling (NLMEM).

Methods
Twenty-four healthy Caucasian volunteers were enrolled in a bioequivalence study, each receiving a test and a reference tablet of 600 mg of rifampicin separated by a wash-out period of at least 9 days. Monolix version 2023R1 was used for NLMEM. Monte Carlo simulations (MCS) were performed to visualize the relationship of body size descriptors to the exposure to rifampicin.

Results
A one-compartment model with nonlinear (Michaelis–Menten) elimination and zero-order absorption kinetics with a lag time best described the data. The covariate model including fat-free mass (FFM) on volume of distribution (V/F) and on maximum elimination rate (Vmax/F) lowered the objective function value (OFV) by 56.4. The second-best covariate model of sex on V/F and Vmax/F and BW on V/F reduced the OFV by 51.2. The decrease in unexplained inter-individual variability on Vmax/F in both covariate models was similar. For a given dose, MCS showed lower exposure to rifampicin with higher FFM and accordingly in males compared to females with the same BW and body height.

Conclusion
Our results indicate that beyond BW, body composition as reflected by FFM could also be relevant for optimized dosing of rifampicin. This assumption needs to be studied further in patients treated with rifampicin.
Aquablation versus HoLEP in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a comparative prospective non-randomized study
Authors: Michaelis Jakob , Träger Max , Astheimer Sophie , von Büren Moritz , Gabele Elfi , Grabbert Markus , Halbich Jan , Kamps Marius , Klockenbusch Jonas , Noll Theresa , Pohlmann Phillippe , Schlager Daniel , Sigle August , Schönthaler Martin , Wilhelm Konrad , Gratzke Christian , Miernik Arkadiusz , Schöb Dominik Stefan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The question of best surgical treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) remains controversial. We compared the outcomes of aquablation and holmium laser enucleation of the prostate ("HoLEP") in a prospective cohort.

Methods
Patients with BPH underwent aquablation or HoLEP according to their preference between June 2020 and April 2022. Prostate volume (“PV”), laboratory results, postvoid residual volume, uroflowmetry, IPSS, ICIQ-SF, MSHQ-EjD, EES and IIEF were evaluated preoperatively and at three, six and 12 months postoperatively. We also analyzed perioperative characteristics and complications via the Clavien Dindo („CD“) classification.

Results
We included 40 patients, 16 of whom underwent aquablation and 24 HoLEP. Mean age was 67 years (SD 7.4). Baseline characteristics were balanced across groups, except the HoLEP patients’ larger PV. IPSS fell from 20.3 (SD 7.1) at baseline to 6.3 (SD 4.2) at 12 months (p < 0.001) without differences between aquablation and HoLEP. HoLEP was associated with shorter operation time (59.5 (SD 18.6) vs. 87.2 (SD 14.8) minutes, p < 0.001) and led to better PV reduction over all timepoints. At three months, aquablation’s results were better regarding ejaculatory (p = 0.02, MSHQ-EjD) and continence function (p < 0.001, ICIQ-SF). Beyond three months, erectile, ejaculatory, continence function and LUTS reduction did not differ significantly between aquablation and HoLEP. CD ≥ grade 3b complications were noted in six patients in aquablation group while only one in HoLEP group (p =  < 0.01).

Conclusions
While aquablation revealed temporary benefits regarding ejaculation and continence at three months, HoLEP was superior concerning operation time, the safety profile and volumetric results.
The relationship between stone-free and patient position in retrograde intrarenal surgery: a randomized prospective study
Authors: Çanakcı Cengiz , Dinçer Erdinç , Can Utku , Coşkun Alper , Otbasan Bilal Kaan , Özkaptan Orkunt 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Residual fragments not removed with urinary stone surgery may become symptomatic. In this context, this study was carried out to investigate the effect of performing retrograde intrarenal surgery, which is conventionally performed in the lithotomy position, in the modified lithotomy position (Trend-side) on stone-free rates following the surgery.

Methods
This prospective study consisted of 100 patients with a single kidney stone smaller than 2 cm between 2021 and 2023. These patients were randomized into two groups of 50 patients each to be operated on in the conventional lithotomy and Trend-side positions. Variables were compared using independent t test for continuous variables and chi-square test for categorical variables.

Results
There was no significant difference between the lithotomy and Trend-side position groups in terms of preoperative size, density, location of the stone, and hydronephrosis degree. Stone-free rate was 72% (n = 36) in the lithotomy group and 92% (n = 46) in the Trend-side group. Hence, there was a significant difference between the groups in the stone-free rate in favor of the Trend-side group (p = 0.009). Fragmentation time was statistically significantly shorter in the Trend-side group than in the lithotomy group (34 ± 17 min vs. 43 ± 14 min; p = 0.006). There was no significant difference between the groups in postoperative complication rates.

Conclusion
Performing retrograde intrarenal surgery in the Trend-side position shortened the duration of fragmentation compared to the lithotomy position and was associated with higher stone-free rates. In conclusion, the Trend-side position can be safely preferred in patients undergoing retrograde intrarenal surgery due to kidney stones.
Soil contribution to the cobalamin (vitamin B12) supply of terrestrial organisms
Authors: Jörgensen Arne Matteo , Joergensen Rainer Georg 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCobalamin (Vitamin B12) is a cofactor for many enzymes, including those in bacteria, archaea, algae, and mammals. In humans, cobalamin deficiency can lead to pernicious anaemia as well as gastrointestinal and neurological disorders. In contrast to marine ecosystems, there is a great paucity of information on the role of soils and terrestrial plants in the supply of cobalt and cobalamin to microorganisms and animals. The content of cobalt cations in most soils is usually sufficient to maintain growth, and the density of cobalamin-producing soil prokaryotes is high in comparison to water bodies. The cobalt content of most soils is usually sufficient in comparison with water, and the density of cobalamin-producing soil prokaryotes is high. Therefore, terrestrial plants are an important cobalt source for cobalamin-producing rumen and gut prokaryotes. The major source of cobalamin for most other animals is the meat of ruminants as well as other animal-derived products, bacteria in insects, and coprophagy, e.g., by rodents. In addition, faecal deposits, and fertilizers as well as soil bacteria add to the cobalamin supply. However, those archaea and bacteria that do not produce cobalamin obtain this coenzyme or its analogues from the environment. Therefore, presence or absence of cobalamin-producing species in soil affects the whole soil microbiome. However, our knowledge concerning microbial producers and consumers of cobalamin in soils is still limited, despite some recent advances. The main reasons are a low cobalamin content in soils and challenging methods of determination. In this regard, advanced analytical knowledge and technical equipment are required, which are usually unavailable in soil laboratories. This review provides relevant methodological information on sample homogenization, extraction, concentration, and purification as well as analysis of cobalamin.