bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fiber‐Based Liquid‐Phase Micro‐Extraction of Mebeverine Enantiomers Followed by Chiral High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis and Its Application to Pharmacokinetics Study in Rat Plasma
Authors: Hatami Mehdi , Farhadi Khalil , Tukmechi Amir 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThe applicability of two‐phase liquid‐phase micro‐extraction (LPME) in porous hollow polypropylene fiber for the sample preparation and the stereoselective pharmacokinetics of mebeverine (MEB) enantiomers (an antispasmodic drug) in rat after intramuscular administration were studied. Plasma was assayed for MEB enantiomer concentrations using stereospecific high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection after a simple, inexpensive, and efficient preconcentration and clean‐up hollow fiber‐based LPME. Under optimized micro‐extraction conditions, MEB enantiomers were extracted with 25 µl of 1‐octanol within a lumen of a hollow fiber from 0.5 ml of plasma previously diluted with 4.5 ml alkalized water (pH 10). The chromatographic analysis was carried out through chiral liquid chromatography using a DELTA S column and hexane–isopropyl alcohol (85:15 v/v) containing 0.2% triethylamine as mobile phase. The mean recoveries of (+)‐MEB and (−)‐MEB were 75.5% and 71.0%, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) was 3.0 ng/ml with linear response over the concentration range of 10–2500 ng/ml with correlation coefficient higher than 0.993 for both enantiomers. The pharmacokinetic studies showed that the mean plasma levels of (+)‐MEB were higher than those of (−)‐MEB at almost all time points. Also, (+)‐MEB exhibited greater tmax (peak time in concentration–time profile), Cmax (peak concentration in concentration–time profile), t1/2 (elimination half‐life), and AUC0–240 min (area under the curve for concentration versus time) and smaller CL (clearance) and Vd (apparent distribution volume) than its antipode. The obtained results implied that the absorption, distribution, and elimination of (−)‐MEB were more rapid than those of (+)‐MEB and there were stereoselective differences in pharmacokinetics. Chirality 24:634–639, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Electronic Excitation of [(μ4‐η2‐alkyne)Rh4(CO)8(μ‐CO)2]: An In Situ UV/Vis Spectroscopy, Spectral Reconstruction and DFT Study
Authors: Gao Feng , Sullivan Michael B. , Kuramshina Gulnara M. , Guo Liangfeng , Garland Marc 
Published: June 2012

AbstractReactions of three alkynes, namely, 1‐heptyne, 3‐hexyne and 1‐phenyl‐1‐butyne, with [Rh4(CO)9(μ‐CO)3] are performed in anhydrous hexane under argon atmosphere with multiple perturbations of alkynes and [Rh4(CO)9(μ‐CO)3]. The reactions are monitored by in situ UV/Vis spectroscopy, and the collected electronic spectra are further analyzed with the band‐target entropy minimization (BTEM) family of algorithms to reconstruct the pure component spectra. Three BTEM estimates of [(μ4‐η2‐alkyne)Rh4(CO)8(μ‐CO)2], in addition to that of [Rh4(CO)9(μ‐CO)3], are successfully reconstructed from the experimental spectra. Time‐dependent density functional theory (TD‐DFT) predicted spectra at the PBE0/DGDZVP level are consistent with the corresponding BTEM estimates. The present study demonstrates that: 1) the BTEM family of algorithms is successful in analyzing multi‐component UV/Vis spectra and results in good spectral estimates of the trace organometallics present; and 2) the subsequent DFT/TD‐DFT methods provide an interpretation of the nature of the electronic excitation and can be used to predict the electronic spectra of similar transition organometallic complexes.
A Lissencephaly‐1 homologue is essential for mitotic progression in the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea
Authors: Cowles Martis W. , Hubert Amy , Zayas Ricardo M. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractCOVER PHOTOGRAPH: Pseudocolored low magnification image of the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea immunostained using (in top right image) anti‐β‐tubulin (white), anti‐phosphorylated histone H3 (green) and DAPI (magenta), which label the central nervous system, mitotic cells and nuclei, respectively. Center image was captured using DIC. At higher magnification, these stains were used to analyze the mitotic spindle apparatus of dividing cells. From Cowles et al., Developmental Dynamics 241:901–910, 2012.
Three‐axis MEMS combined sensor for electronic stability control system
Authors: Jeong Heewon , Goto Yasushi , Aono Takanori , Nakamura Toshiaki , Hayashi Masahide 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe developed a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) combined sensor that can measure two‐axis accelerations and angular rate (rotation) for use in electronic stability control systems for automobiles. The recent trend of mounting combined sensors in the engine compartment of vehicles has led to a dramatic increase in the operation temperature range as well as demands for immunity to environmental disturbances such as vibration. In this paper, we propose a combined sensor that has one gyroscopic part and two acceleration parts placed on a single die. We used a deformation‐robust MEMS structure to ensure stable operation over a wide temperature range (–40 to 125 °C) in the engine compartment. A package as small as 10 × 19 × 4 mm was achieved by using through silicon via and wafer‐level package technologies. The performance of the sensor was sufficient to meet current automotive standards. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 95(7): 49–57, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.11376
Visual field screening system by using overlapped fixation patterns
Authors: Kotani Kentaro , Yoshikawa Ryota , Tamura Toshiki , Asao Takafumi , Sugiyama Tetsuya , Ueki Mari , Kojima Shota , Shibata Maho , Ikeda Tsunehiko 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis study introduces a novel technique for estimating visual field by using overlapped fixation patterns obtained by the amounts of displacement in voluntary eye movements during searching‐tracking trials, as an alternative screening medical device for visual field examination. The proposed system was evaluated by glaucoma patients in order to study whether or not the proposed system can be used as a visual field detection device for screening. The proposed system was found to detect visual field abnormality to a certain extent. However, there were some cases in which detection of Mariotte blind spots was inaccurately performed. The experimental results revealed that there was room to reconsider our understanding regarding the effect of ptosis, overlapping with eyesight, as well as calibration of the display position to the correct location to be examined. The results of the evaluation experiment indicated that this proposed system has the potential to be used as a visual field examination device for screening. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 95(7): 29–40, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.11384
Investigation of Structure, Morphology, and Luminescence Properties in Blue‐Red Emitter, Europium‐Activated ZnAl2O4 Nanospinels
Authors: Wiglusz Rafal J. , Grzyb Tomasz , Bednarkiewicz Artur , Lis Stefan , Strek Wieslaw 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA sol–gel method was employed for the preparation of a series of europium‐doped ZnAl2O4 nanoparticles. The samples were calcined in the 700 to 1400 °C range for 3 h. The impact of calcination temperature on the structural and luminescence properties of the obtained nanomaterials was studied with X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and photoluminescence measurements. XRD analyses demonstrated the powders to be single‐phase spinel nanopowders. The average particle size varied in the range of 10–30 nm depending on the annealing temperature. Excitation and emission measurements at room temperature and at 77 K for samples calcined at 700 to 1200 °C demonstrated characteristic spectra of the Eu3+ ions. Interestingly, the luminescence properties and structure of EuxZn1–xAl2O4 varied with the grain size. Additionally, afterglow luminescence was investigated and explained by partial reduction of Eu3+ to Eu2+.
Immobilized Heterologous Rhizopus Oryzae Lipase as an Efficient Catalyst in the Acetylation of Cortexolone
Authors: Quintana Paula G. , Guillén Marina , Marciello Marzia , Valero Francisco , Palomo Jose M. , Baldessari Alicia 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe enzymatic preparation of a monoacetyl derivative of the corticosteroid cortexolone, through a transesterification reaction, is described. The heterologous Rhizopus oryzae lipase, immobilized on three different supports, proved to be an efficient catalyst in the acylation reaction using a complex substrate such as cortexolone. Immobilization of the enzyme on Lewatit 1600 resin at pH = 7 and 25 °C was the best condition for catalysis of the acetylation reaction. The influence of various reaction parameters, such as the nature of the acetylating agent, the solvent, the temperature, and the ratios of acetylating agent to substrate, and enzyme to substrate, was evaluated. Using the response surface methodology and a central composite rotatable design, the specific yield of acetylated cortexolone was optimized by means of the study of the effect of the enzyme (E)/substrate (S) and the acylating agent (A)/substrate ratios. The ratios of 5 (E/S) and 31.6 (A/S) were predicted as the optimal values to reach the maximum specific yield of the product (P): 1.59 mmol P/mmol A·g E. The mild reaction conditions and low environmental impact make the biocatalytic procedure a convenient way to prepare the reported derivative of this biologically active steroid.
Versatile Domino Rearrangement of Diphenylhomobenzoquinone Epoxides Induced by CF3SO3H
Authors: Asahara Haruyasu , Matsui Satoshi , Masuda Yoshiro , Ikuma Naohiko , Oshima Takumi 
Published: June 2012

AbstractCF3SO3H‐catalyzed reaction of 5‐alkyl‐(R)‐substituted diphenylhomobenzoquinone epoxides (R = Me, iPr, tBu) provided indenoquinones, a cyclopenta[b]chromene‐2‐carbaldehyde, and furan‐3(2H)‐ones through novel cationic domino rearrangements depending on the R substituents. The mechanisms of these reactions were described by a combination of various key steps involving (i) transannular cyclization of the endo‐phenyl group, (ii) epoxide and cyclopropane ring opening, (iii) ring contraction of the original quinone frame, (iv) dehydration and intramolecular SE2/SN2‐Ar cyclization, as well as (v) possible pseudopericyclic cheletropic decarbonylation.
Double Reductive Amination and Selective Strecker Reaction of a D‐Lyxaric Aldehyde: Synthesis of Diversely Functionalized 3,4,5‐Trihydroxypiperidines
Authors: Matassini Camilla , Mirabella Stefania , Goti Andrea , Cardona Francesca 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA D‐mannose‐derived aldehyde with the D‐lyxo configuration is a versatile key intermediate to functionally and stereochemically diversified piperidines. It allowed the synthesis of natural 3,4,5‐trihydroxypiperidines and new analogs through a double reductive amination strategy and the synthesis of novel 2‐cyanotrihydroxypiperidines through a highly regio‐ and diastereoselective Strecker reaction.
EMERGENCY ADMISSIONS AND ELECTIVE SURGERY WAITING TIMES
Authors: Johar Meliyanni , Jones Glenn Stewart , Savage Elizabeth 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTAn average patient waits between 2 and 3 months for an elective procedure in Australian public hospitals. Approximately 60% of all admissions occur through an emergency department, and bed competition from emergency admission provides one path by which waiting times for elective procedures may be lengthened. In this article, we investigated the extent to which public hospital waiting times are affected by the volume of emergency admissions and whether there is a differential impact by elective patient payment status. The latter has equity implications if the potential health cost associated with delayed treatment falls on public patients with lower ability to pay. Using annual data from public hospitals in the state of New South Wales, we found that, for a given available bed capacity, a one standard deviation increase in a hospital's emergency admissions lengthens waiting times by 19 days on average. However, paying (private) patients experience no delay overall. In fact, for some procedures, higher levels of emergency admissions are associated with lower private patient waiting times. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Two New 2‐(2‐Phenylethyl)chromen‐4‐ones from Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg
Authors: Gao You‐Heng , Liu Jun‐Min , Lu Hai‐Xiao , Wei Zhi‐Xiong 
Published: June 2012

AbstractTwo new compounds, 8‐chloro‐6‐hydroxy‐2‐(2‐phenylethyl)chromen‐4‐one (1) and 8‐chloro‐6‐hydroxy‐2‐[2‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)ethyl]chromen‐4‐one (2), were isolated from the Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods including 1D‐ and 2 D‐NMR analysis.
Five New β‐Carboline‐Type Alkaloids from Stellaria dichotoma var. lanceolata
Authors: Cao Li‐Hua , Zhang Wei , Luo Jian‐Guang , Kong Ling‐Yi 
Published: June 2012

AbstractFive new β‐carboline‐type alkaloids, dichotomines F–J (1–5, resp.), along with nine known compounds, dichotomides I, III, V, and VII (6–9, resp.), stellarines A and C (10–11, resp.), dichotomine B (12), glucodichotomine B (13), and 1‐acetyl‐3‐carboxy‐β‐carboline (14), were isolated from the roots of Chinese medicinal plant Stellaria dichotoma L. var. lanceolata. Their structures were determined by chemical and spectroscopic means. Compounds 12 and 13 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity.
Three New Phenol Compounds from Iris dichotomaPall.
Authors: Huang Long , Ma Wenhui , Liu Yanze , Peng Yong , Xiao Peigen 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThree new phenolic compounds, irisdichototins D, E, and F (1–3, resp.) were isolated from the stems of Iris dichotoma. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses, including 2D‐NMR techniques.
Crystal Structure of a Hydrated Molecular 1 : 2 Complex of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+) and Gallic Acid: Polar Alignment of the Phenolic Partner Molecules
Authors: Ermer Otto , Neudörfl Jörg 
Published: June 2012

AbstractNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (oxidized form, free acid, NAD+) was utilized as an auxiliary for polar alignment of gallic acid (=3,4,5‐trihydroxybenzoic acid, GA) in the crystalline molecular complex NAD+⋅(GA)2⋅(H2O)5. In this adduct, NAD+ takes up a novel U‐shaped conformation accepting a GA molecule to give rise to a pincer‐type π‐complex. With the assistance of further GA molecules, these pincer assemblies build up infinite donoracceptor π‐stacks in the crystal. An extended network of H‐bonds among the multitude of pertinent active functional groups and the water molecules supports the crystal structure. These findings may imply noteworthy material properties, in particular nonlinear optical effects, and might also serve to trigger inspiring biochemical connections to be made. The crystal structure of anhydrous GA is also reported, which is centrosymmetric and non‐polar.
G‐CSF rescues tumor growth and neo‐angiogenesis during liver metastasis under host angiopoietin‐2 deficiency
Authors: Im Jae Hong , Tapmeier Thomas , Balathasan Lukxmi , Gal Annamaria , Yameen Sabira , Hill Sally , Smart Sean , Noterdaeme Olivier , Kelly Matthew , Brady Michael , Fu Weili , Kruse Karoline , Bernhard Eric J. , Augustin Hellmut G. , Muschel Ruth J. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractSuppression of neo‐angiogenesis is a clinically used anti‐tumor strategy with new targets such as angiopoietin‐2 (Ang2) being proposed. However, the functions of Ang2 in vascular remodeling, inflammation and tumor growth are not consistent. We examined effect of depletion of host Ang2 on liver colony formation using Ang2 deficient (Ang2−/−) mice. Surprisingly, the metastatic colonies formed in Ang2−/− mice were larger than those in the wild type. These colonies had greater vascular density with more pericyte coverage than the vessels in liver colonies in the wild type. Liver VEGF concentration in both genotypes was equivalent, and thus, the differences appeared VEGF independent. However, after colony formation, the serum concentration of granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor (G‐CSF) and CXCL1 in Ang2−/− mice was 12 and 6 times greater than after colony formation in wild type. Increase of these two cytokines was associated with two times greater numbers of neutrophils recruited to the liver. Two times more Tie2+/CD11b+/CD31− cells were present in the tumors in Ang2−/− than in the wild type livers. These results suggest that the depletion of host Ang2 induced compensatory VEGF‐independent angiogenic mechanisms and thus enhanced liver metastatic colony growth and colony vascularity. They further indicate organotypic differences in response to tumor metastasis. In contrast, Ang2 deficiency inhibited tumor growth during metastatic colony formation in the lung, consistent with the reports of decreased pulmonary seeding of tumor cells after pharmacological inhibition of Ang2. Further studies are thus required to assess the effects of pharmacological Ang2 blockade for cancer patients particularly in the liver.
Nanofiber diameter‐dependent MAPK activity in osteoblasts
Authors: Jaiswal Devina , Brown Justin L. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe major challenge for bone tissue engineering lies in the fabrication of scaffolds that can mimic the extracellular matrix and promote osteogenesis. Electrospun fibers are being widely researched for this application due to high porosity, interconnectivity, and mechanical strength of the fibrous scaffolds. Electrospun poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA, 2.416 ± 0.100 μm) fibers were fabricated and etched using a 60% propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (PGMEA)/limonene (vol/vol) solution to obtain fiber diameters ranging from 2.5 to 0.5 μm in a time‐dependent manner. The morphology of the fibrous scaffolds was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and cellular compatibility with etchant‐treated scaffold was assessed using immunoflurescence. Mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPK) activation in response to different fiber diameter was evaluated with western blot as well as quantitative in‐cell western. We report that electrospun micro‐fibers can be etched to 0.552 ± 0.047 μm diameter without producing beads. Osteoblasts adhered to the fibers and a change in fiber diameter played a major role in modulating the activation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 kinases with 0.882 ± 0.091 μm diameter fibers producing an inverse effect on ERK and p38 phosphorylation. These results indicate that nanofibers produced by wet etching can be effectively utilized to produce diameters that can differentially modulate MAPK activation patterns. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 100A:2921–2928, 2012.
Three‐dimensional porous bioscaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: Fabrication via adaptive foam reticulation and freeze casting techniques, characterization, and cell study
Authors: Mallick Kajal K. , Winnett James , van Grunsven William , Lapworth James , Reilly Gwendolen C. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractHighly interconnected and 3D porous bioactive hydroxyapatite (HAP) and Bioglass scaffolds have been fabricated by an adaptive version of camphene based foam reticulation (ARM) and camphene freeze casting (CFC) methods. Controlled sublimation of camphene during freeze casting at −78°C produced process optimized bioscaffolds with open, uniform, and interconnected porous structures. HAP and Bioglass scaffolds with desired porosity, pore size, and microtopography were successfully fabricated using polyurethane foam templates of appropriate structures. Macropores of 50–1100 μm with microporosity of 1–10 μm, known to facilitate cell adhesion and proliferation, were obtained. Compressive yield strength of 0.8 MPa close to the upper range of cancellous bone was achieved. The mean compressive strength of HAP scaffolds compared favorably with the theoretical model of porosity variation with strength and was higher than reported values. The nature of pore development, morphology, porosity, crystal structure, chemical composition, and thermal behavior were characterized using scanning electron and optical microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and mercury porosimetry. These scaffolds are suited for nonstructural graft and were not cytotoxic in vitro when osteoblast‐like MG63 cells were cultured with the HAP constructs. The cells attached indicated by cell metabolic activity by resazurin assay and spread well when cultured on the surface of the materials. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 100A:2948–2959, 2012.
Biocompatibility of PDGF‐simvastatin double‐walled PLGA (PDLLA) microspheres for dentoalveolar regeneration: A preliminary study
Authors: Chang Po‐Chun , Chung Min‐Chun , Lei Chenlu , Chong Li Yen , Wang Chi‐Hwa 
Published: June 2012

AbstractProper coordination of local signal to harmonize mitogenesis and osteogenic differentiation is one of the prerequisites to optimize dentoalveolar regeneration. In the study, we purpose to fabricate controlled‐release microspheres encapsulating platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) and simvastatin by coaxial electrohydrodynamic atomization. The microspheres demonstrated a distinct core and shell structure encapsulating PDGF and simvastatin respectively, and the encapsulation efficiency was 82.45–92.16% in‐core and 51.37–71.34% in‐shell. Sequential release of PDGF and simvastatin was seen in simvastatin‐in‐core and PDGF‐in‐shell (SP) design, and simultaneous release was achieved in PDGF‐in‐core and simvastatin‐in‐shell (PS) design. All microspheres demonstrated acceptable biocompatibility in vivo, with increased proliferation, reduced apoptosis, and reduced inflammation while PDGF or simvastatin was encapsulated. The PS design significantly reduced apoptosis than control, whereby significant and persistent enhanced proliferation was noted in SP group. The thickness of fibrotic capsules surrounding microspheres significantly reduced in both SP and PS group at day 14. The finding demonstrates that synergism of PDGF and simvastatin favored biocompatibility. Further investigations will aim on confirming the regenerative effect of SP and PS microspheres in a more clinically relevant model. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 100A:2970–2978, 2012.
Fabrication and characterization of gelatin‐based biocompatible porous composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Khan M. Nuruzzaman , Islam Jahid M. M. , Khan Mubarak A. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIn this study, composite scaffolds were prepared with polyethylene oxide (PEO)‐linked gelatin and tricalcium phosphate (TCP). Chitosan, a positively charged polysaccharide, was introduced into the scaffolds to improve the properties of the artificial bone matrix. The chemical and thermal properties of composite scaffolds were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analyzer, differential thermal analyzer. In vitro cytotoxicity of the composite scaffold was also evaluated and the sample showed no cytotoxic effect. The morphology was studied by SEM and light microscopy. It was observed that the prepared scaffold had an open interconnected porous structure with pore size of 230–354 μm, which is suitable for osteoblast cell proliferation. The mechanical properties were assessed and it was found that the composite had compressive modulus of 1200 MPa with a strength of 5.2 MPa and bending modulus of 250 MPa having strength of 12.3 MPa. The porosity and apparent density were calculated and it was found that the incorporation of TCP can reduce the porosity and water absorption. It was revealed from the study that the composite had a 3D porous microstructure and TCP particles were dispersed evenly among the crosslinked gelatin/chitosan scaffold. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 100A:3020–3028, 2012.