bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of dental sealants in adults: a long‐neglected preventive measure
Authors: Gore DR 
Published: November 2009

To cite this article:

Int J Dent Hygiene 8, 2010; 198–203 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601‐5037.2009.00425.x Gore DR. The use of dental sealants in adults: a long‐neglected preventive measure.Abstract:  The consensus among the general public appears to be that dental sealants are intended to be used primarily with children whose teeth are in the early developmental stage, yet little attention is given to the preventive long‐term aspects when applying them to adult permanent dentition. This article explores the rationale and substantiates the use of dental sealants among the adult population in reducing occlusal pit‐and‐fissure caries while accentuating a beneficial oral health lifestyle.
Infections and treatment of wounds in survivors of the 2004 Tsunami in Thailand
Authors: Doung‐ngern Pawinee , Vatanaprasan Thanong , Chungpaibulpatana Jessada , Sitamanoch Wiwat , Netwong Taweesak , Sukhumkumpee Somboon , O'Reilly Michael , Henderson Alden , Jiraphongsa Chuleeporn 
Published: November 2009

ABSTRACTOn 26 December 2004, a tsunami devastated the west coast of Thailand and caused 8457 injuries and 5395 deaths. Data were collected from 26 December 2004 to 31 January 2005 at four public hospitals to describe the character and treatment of wounds of 523 persons who were injured during tsunami and sought medical treatment. Wounds were contaminated with mud, sand, debris and sea water and had an infection rate of 66·5% (674/1013). Most wounds (45%) had poly‐microbial infection with gram‐negative rods such asEscherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus and Pseudomonas species. The risk of wound infection increased with size of the wound and presence of an open fracture. Infections occurred more frequently on the lower than upper trunk of the body. Early treatment with antibiotics was protective against wound infection. Many patients asked to have their wounds sutured so that they could return to their village to look for their families and to repair damage. This report suggests that wounds should be aggressively debrided and suturing postponed if possible. Patients should be given broad spectrum antibiotics to assist with wound healing.
Clinician's perspectives on the treatment of venous leg ulceration
Authors: Cullen George H , Phillips Tania J 
Published: November 2009

ABSTRACTTreatment of venous leg ulcers (VLU) represents a considerable challenge to the health care professional and to the patient alike. Much of the current literature regarding VLU focuses on either wound pathophysiology and treatment of chronic venous insufficiency or the patients' experience of the condition. We present two studies that examine more closely the clinicians' experience of treating VLU and reflect upon how that understanding may further enhance better outcomes for patients in the future. The first of these studies is a qualitative investigation of 49 clinicians treating VLU in the UK and USA. The second is a quantitative, online survey of 304 clinicians' beliefs, attitudes and practices in the UK, Germany and USA. Findings show that the clinicians' experience of treating VLU is often accompanied by frustration and dissatisfaction with treatment challenges and uncertain outcomes. Practices and treatment choices were found to vary widely and differ by countries. We conclude that a key aspect in improving VLU treatment is in listening to the frustrations of the clinician when considering new approaches to therapy.
Diabetes foot ulceration in a Nigerian hospital: in‐hospital mortality in relation to the presenting demographic, clinical and laboratory features
Authors: Ekpebegh Chukwuma O , Iwuala Sandra O , Fasanmade Olufemi A , Ogbera Anthonia O , Igumbor Ehi , Ohwovoriole Augustine E 
Published: November 2009

ABSTRACTThis prospective study assessed in‐hospital mortality from diabetic foot ulcer in relation to the demographic, clinical and laboratory features at presentation. Forty‐two patients admitted with diabetic foot ulcer were followed up from admission till discharge from hospital. Those who survived or died were compared for any differences in demographic, clinical and laboratory parameters at presentation. The mean age and duration of diabetes for the 42 patients were 56.1 ± 1.9 years and 8.3 ± 1.1 years, respectively. The in‐hospital mortality rate amongst the 42 subjects was 40.5%. Ulcer grade 4, leucocytosis and anaemia were more prevalent in those who demised in comparison with survivors.
Venous leg ulcers: patient concordance with compression therapy and its impact on healing and prevention of recurrence
Authors: Moffatt Christine , Kommala Dheerendra , Dourdin Nathalie , Choe Yoonhee 
Published: November 2009

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to review available data on the reasons attributed to patient non concordance with compression therapy for the treatment of venous leg ulcers (VLUs), the frequency of non concordance and its effects on clinical outcomes. The biomedical literature was searched for publications on VLUs, compression therapy and concordance over the past 20 years. Physical, aesthetic and cosmetic factors, patient lack of education about VLUs, cost of therapy and issues with treatment by clinicians were all reported to influence concordance with compression therapy. The search identified 10 studies reporting patient concordance with compression stockings or bandages; while non concordance ranged from 2% to 42% of patients in three randomised controlled trials, it was generally higher in real‐world studies, ranging from 9.7% to 80%. Another set of six studies indicated that the healing rate was half and the median time to complete healing was twice as long when patients were not concordant. Further, recurrence rates were 2–20 times greater when patients did not comply with the use of stockings following VLU healing. In conclusion, published biomedical literature has documented that non concordance with compression therapy negatively impacts the outcome of VLUs, highlighting the need to improve patient concordance to maximise therapeutic benefits.
Diabetes Mellitus and Sexuality—Does it Really Matter?
Authors: Nowosielski Krzysztof , Drosdzol Agnieszka , Sipiński Adam , Kowalczyk Robert , Skrzypulec Violetta 
Published: November 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The extent to which diabetes may influence sexuality has not yet been established. Identifying the risk factors of female sexual dysfunctions will facilitate the introduction of effective therapeutic models that aim to normalize the glycemic control and will enhance sexual functioning.

Aims
To evaluate the influence of diabetes mellitus on female sexual functions, behaviors and depressive symptoms as well as to establish the predictors for female sexual dysfunctions in diabetic subjects.

Main Outcome Measures
To asses reported female sexual dysfunctions by using Female Sexual Function Index in diabetic females.

Methods
A total of 544 females living in the upper Silesia region aged 18–55 years old were eligible for this questionnaire-based, retrospective, cross-section study. The study group included females with diabetes mellitus (N=264), regardless its type and duration; healthy non-diabetic subjects were controls. The Blatt-Kuppermann Index was used to evaluate climacteric symptoms, the Back Depression Inventory—to screen for depressive symptoms and the Female Sexual Function Index—for sexual dysfunction in female (FSD).

Results
Multiple logistic regression revealed that the risk of desire and arousal dysfunction was lower in respondents for whom having a satisfactory sexual life was extremely important compared to those for whom it was slightly important or not important at all (referent) (OR: 0.05 and 0.01, respectively). Respondents highly satisfied with sexual contacts with their partner were at lover risk of desire, arousal, and orgasmic disorders and FSD compared to referent subjects (OR: 0.12; 0.03; 0.01 and 0.03 respectively). Depressive symptoms were associated with higher prevalence of arousal disorders and FSD (OR: 13.6 and 3.57, respectively), diabetes—orgasmic dysfunctions (OR=10.1).

Conclusions
In women, the presence of diabetes is an independent predictor of orgasmic dysfunctions. However, the presence of depressive symptoms, individual perception of sexual needs and partner-related factors are stronger predictors of female sexual dysfunctions.
Original Research—Men’s Sexual Health: Orgasmic Dysfunction After Open Radical Prostatectomy: Clinical Correlates and Prognostic Factors
Authors: Dubbelman Yvette , Wildhagen Mark , Schröder Frits , Bangma Chris , Dohle Gert 
Published: November 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Erectile function after radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) is extensively discussed in literature. However, less is known about orgasm after RRP.

Aim
To analyze sexual function, in particularly orgasmic function, in men before and after RRP.

Methods
Between 1977 and 2007 a RRP was performed in 1,021 men. All men were interviewed by their follow-up physician using a standardized interview about sexual function before and after RRP at regular intervals during a 2-year follow-up. The questions were related to sexual interest, sexual activity, spontaneous erections, and orgasmic function.

Main Outcome Measures
Sexual function, in particularly orgasmic function, before and after RRP. Factors potentially influencing orgasmic function, such as patients age, type of operation, pathological stage and continence status were analyzed for their predictive value.

Results
Information about preoperative and postoperative sexual activity and spontaneous erection was available in 596 and 698 men, respectively. Additional questions were asked on sexual interest (N=425) and orgasmic function (N=458).
Pre-operatively, sexual interest, sexual activity, spontaneous erections and orgasmic function were normal in 99%, 82.1%, 90.0% and 90% of men, respectively. After operation these values decreased to 97.2%, 67.3%, 29.4% and 66.8%, respectively. Orgasmic function was preserved in 141 of 192 men (73.4%) after a bilateral nerve sparing procedure, in 90 out of 127 men (70.9%) after a unilateral nerve-sparing procedure and in 75 of 139 men (54.0%) after non-nerve sparing technique. Postoperatively, orgasm was present in 123 (77.4%) men below the age of 60 years and in 183 (61.2%) men of 60 years and older (P &lt;0.0001). Orgasmic function was significantly affected by age ≥60 years, non-nerve sparing procedure and severe incontinence (more than two pads/day).

Conclusions
After RRP, orgasmic function is still present in the majority of men. A non-nerve sparing operation, age, and severe urinary incontinence are risk factors for orgasmic dysfunction after RRP.
Predictors of Women’s Sexual Desire: The Role of Psychopathology, Cognitive-Emotional Determinants, Relationship Dimensions, and Medical Factors
Authors: Carvalho Joana , Nobre Pedro 
Published: November 2009

ABSTRACTIntroductionDeficient sexual desire is a common sexual difficulty among women, often related to medical and psychiatric problems, lack of adjustment in a relationship, or age. However, the relative contribution of each one of these dimensions is not yet well establish.AimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the main predictive factors of female sexual desire.MethodsA total of 237 women from the general population answered to a set of questionnaires assessing psychopathology, cognitive-emotional factors, dyadic adjustment, presence of medical pathologies, and menopause.Main Outcome MeasuresPsychopathology measured by the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), dysfunctional sexual beliefs measured by the Sexual Dysfunctional Beliefs Questionnaire, thoughts and emotions in sexual context measured by the Sexual Modes Questionnaire, dyadic adjustment measured by the Dyadic Adjustment Scale, medical condition measured by the Medical History Formulation, and sexual desire measured by the Sexual Desire subscale of the Female Sexual Function Index.ResultsFindings indicated that psychoticism was the only psychopathological dimension that significantly predicted sexual desire (β = 0.37). Conservative beliefs (β = −0.33) and age-related beliefs (β = −0.25) were also significant predictors of desire. Additionally, lack of erotic thoughts (β = −0.28), failure and disengagement sexual thoughts (β = −0.64), and thoughts related to female passivity (β = 0.31) during sexual activity were significant predictors of desire. Regarding relationship dimensions, dyadic cohesion (β = 0.37), and dyadic affection (β = 0.45) were the best predictors of sexual desire. Moreover, postmenopausal women and women with medical problems presented reduced sexual desire. A multiple regression analysis (enter method) including all these variables plus age, indicated that failure/disengagement thoughts during sexual activity was the only significant predictor of sexual desire in women (β = −0.52).ConclusionsResults support the role of cognitive dimensions in the maintenance of women’s sexual interest, and suggest implications for assessment and treatment of sexual desire difficulties.
The Psychosocial Impact of Penile Reconstructive Surgery for Congenital Penile Deviation
Authors: Tal Raanan , Nabulsi Omar , Nelson Christian J. , Mulhall John P. 
Published: November 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
A variety of surgical techniques to correct congenital penile deviation (CPD) have been described. Although surgical outcomes have been reported, the impact of this treatment on sexual relationship, confidence, self-esteem, and sexual function has never been established.

Aim
To assess the impact of surgical treatment for CPD on sexual relationship, confidence, self-esteem, and sexual function, employing validated instruments.

Main Outcome Measures
The Self-Esteem and Relationship (SEAR) and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaires.

Methods
Prospective, longitudinal, uncontrolled study of 32 men undergoing penile reconstructive surgery for CPD. Assessment of change in sexual relationship, confidence, self-esteem, and sexual function scores.

Results
Twenty (37.5%) patients had ventral and 12 (62.5%) had lateral curvature, mean magnitude was 37 ± 12°. Significant improvement in SEAR domains scores was observed in sexual relationship (82 vs. 40, P &lt;0.01), overall relationship (86 vs. 62, P &lt;0.01), and confidence (88 vs. 58, P &lt;0.001). While mean IIEF erectile function domain score was unchanged: 24 ± 3.6 and 25 ± 2.5, before and after surgery, respectively (P = 0.85), significant improvements were observed in the libido (8 vs. 5, P = 0.02) and satisfaction (22 vs. 15, P &lt;0.01) domains of the IIEF. Predictors of improvement in SEAR and IIEF scores were perceived complete straightening and penile length preservation.

Conclusions
Penile reconstructive surgery for CPD is associated with significant improvements in overall relationship, sexual relationship, confidence, libido, and satisfaction, as reflected by higher scores in three of the four domains of the SEAR questionnaire and improvements in two of the four domains of the IIEF.
Do Patients Lie? An Open Interview vs. a Blind Questionnaire on Sexuality
Authors: Castelo-Branco Camil , Palacios Santiago , Ferrer-Barriendos Javier , Alberich Xavier , the Cervantes Study Group  
Published: November 2009

ABSTRACTIntroductionPostmenopausal women are often hesitant to discuss their sexual attitudes and experiences surrounding sexuality with her doctors. Sociocultural, ethnic, and medical background may affect the attitude towards menopause and the expectations regarding sexuality in these women.AimTo describe communication about sex between patients and doctors and its relation to extrinsic limiting factors.MethodsA total of 2,332 women between 45 and 64 years old were involved in this cross-sectional survey. The study used an ad hoc questionnaire covering the demographic and reproductive variables as well as the data related to sexual activity. The Cervantes questionnaire was administered to determine the impact of sexuality on health-related quality of life.Main OutcomesPatients’ responses to anonymous questionnaires or direct interviews.ResultsThe percentage of women who recognized having occasional or unconventional partners was twofold higher in the anonymous questionnaire than in the clinical interview. In the medical interview only 15.2% of women recognized that sexuality was not very important compared with more than 40% in the anonymous questionnaire (P &lt; 0.001). The highest concordance between the anonymous questionnaire and the clinical interview was in women who referred to not having any sexual relationship at all (88.07%) whereas in the other conditions concordance was significantly lower (P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionSelf-reported data on sexuality diverge from those derived from a direct interview. The proportion of women with low interest in sexuality was higher in the blind questionnaires.
High-Flow Priapism Due to a Malignant Glomus Tumor (Glomangiosarcoma) of the Corpus Cavernosum
Authors: Masson-Lecomte Alexandra , Rocher Laurence , Ferlicot Sophie , Benoît Gérard , Droupy Stéphane 
Published: November 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The major cause of non-ischemic high-flow priapism is post-traumatic vascular injury leading to an arterio-lacunar fistula. However, rare causes such as tumors may induce priapism. This is the first report of a malignant glomus tumor localized in the corpora cavernosa.

Aim
The aim of this case is to emphasize the importance of the initial management of priapism and to suggest new tracks on the tests to be performed when the usual exams are not sufficient.

Method
We report the case of a hypervascular penile tumor responsible for high-flow priapism as the first clinical symptom of a metastatic glomus tumor. The persistent penile tumescence was initially considered to be a stuttering priapism and treated using an oral α-adrenergic as no provoking event nor fistula was found. After a 2-week reluctance, a penile magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed.

Results
The MRI showed a hypervascular lesion at the proximal part of the right corpora. The lesion was considered as a fistula, and a selective embolization was performed. Two weeks after embolization, the patient came back to the emergency room because of syncopes and dyspnea. Examination by cardiac ultrasound and chest computed tomography revealed the presence of cardiac, pulmonary, and subcutaneous malignant glomus tumors (glomangiosarcoma). Patient received three lines of chemotherapy, and the penile tumor was surgically removed because of persistent erectile dysfunction and perineal pain.

Conclusion
This case supports the use of corporal body blood gas analysis in difficult cases to discriminate high- and low-flow priapism and penile MRI when clinical history, physical examination, and aspiration are not contributory.
Pulmonary diffusion and aerobic capacity: is there a relation? Does obesity matter?
Authors: Zavorsky G. S. , Wilson B. , Harris J. K. , Kim D. J. , Carli F. , Mayo N. E. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAim:  We sought to determine whether pulmonary diffusing capacity for nitric oxide (DLNO), carbon monoxide (DLCO) and pulmonary capillary blood volume (Vc) at rest predict peak aerobic capacity (O2peak), and if so, to discern which measure predicts better.Methods:  Thirty‐five individuals with extreme obesity (body mass index or BMI = 50 ± 8 kg m−2) and 26 fit, non‐obese subjects (BMI = 23 ± 2 kg m−2) participated. DLNO and DLCO at rest were first measured. Then, subjects performed a graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer to determine O2peak. Multivariate regression was used to assess relations in the data.Results:  Findings indicate that (i) pulmonary diffusion at rest predicts O2peak in the fit and obese when measured with DLNO, but only in the fit when measured with DLCO; (ii) the observed relation between pulmonary diffusion at rest and O2peak is different in the fit and obese; (iii) DLNO explains O2peak better than DLCO or Vc. The findings imply the following reference equations for DLNO: O2peak (mL kg−1 min−1) = 6.81 + 0.27 × DLNO for fit individuals; O2peak (mL kg−1 min−1) = 6.81 + 0.06 × DLNO, for obese individuals (in both groups, adjusted R2 = 0.92; RMSE = 5.58).Conclusion:  Pulmonary diffusion at rest predicts O2peak, although a relation exists for obese subjects only when DLNO is used, and the magnitude of the relation depends on gender when either DLCO or Vc is used. We recommend DLNO as a measure of pulmonary diffusion, both for its ease of collection as well as its tighter relation with O2peak.
Life‐insurance Efficiency in China: A Comparison of Foreign and Domestic Firms
Authors: Chen Bingzheng , Powers Michael R. , Qiu Joseph 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe Chinese life‐insurance industry has experienced major structural changes in recent years, primarily because of increasing demand and the entry of foreign insurers. Although the market is clearly booming, the efficiency of its growth and development is unclear. In this paper, we evaluate the efficiency of life insurers operating in China and compare foreign firms with domestic firms. We find that foreign insurers have not brought efficiency into the Chinese market, and that the market is still dominated by domestic giants. However, the gap between foreign insurers and domestic insurers is narrowing. After testing hypotheses regarding scale economy, technical progress and potential improvements, we discuss several issues of importance to life insurers, market investors and government regulators.
Skill Premium, Biased Technological Change and Income Differences
Authors: Zou Wei , Liu Lan , Zhuang Ziyin 
Published: November 2009

AbstractUsing 1987–2006 panel data for China, we explore the dynamics of the skill premium. The present paper focuses on the skill premium as an explanation for why income differences are so large in China. Our empirics show that: the rise in the relative supply of skilled labor results in an increase, instead of a decrease, in the skill premium; domestic investment is not complementary with skill formation; the skillpremium is higher in more developed provinces; economic openness facilitates an increase in the skill premium; whether foreign direct investment induces skill‐based technology change or not, it drives up the skillpremium. An array of policy prescriptions for reducing income differences and ensuring sustained economic growth are provided.
Impact of Cross‐Strait Trade Liberalization: A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis
Authors: Chen Kun‐Ming , Tsai Meng‐Chia , Lin Chia‐Ching , Tu Chaw‐hsia 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis paper applies a computable general equilibrium model to investigate the potential economic effects of trade liberalization across the Taiwan Strait. Our simulation results reveal that cross‐Strait trade liberalization will have significant positive impacts on external trade, domestic investment and real GDP for the economies in this area in general and in Taiwan in particular. Furthermore, the negative impact from the formation of a free trade arrangement between Taiwan and Chinese Mainland on Hong Kong seems to be rather small. These results suggest that cross‐Strait trade liberalization is very likely to bring about a win–win situation for the economies in this area.