bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Return of Fertility after the Removal of Intrauterine Devices: A Comparison of Inert and Copper Bearing Devices
Authors: Anwar Mochamad , Widayanto Sri , Maruo Takeshi , Mochizuki Matsuto 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe use of intrauterine device (IUD) has been suspected to be linked to involuntary infertility due to increased risk of pelvic inflammatory diseases. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether the overall risk of infertility after discontinuing use of IUD increases with the duration of IUD use. Thus, the present study was designed to evaluate the return of fertility after discontinuing use of copper containing IUDs compared to inert IUD and to determine a possible relationship between the length of IUD use and return of fertility. Ninety women with Lippes Loop type D (LL), 88 women with Copper‐T200 (TCu‐200) and 83 women with Multiload Copper‐250 (MLCu‐250) were included in the analysis. The life table analysis and log rank‐test showed that TCu‐200 and MLCu‐250 acceptors had a more rapid return of fertility compared to LL acceptors, although there was no significant difference in the return of fertility between TCu‐200 and MLCu‐250 acceptors. Compared to LL acceptors, the net cumulative probability of pregnancy after discontinuing use of IUD was 3 times higher in copper containing IUD acceptors in the first 3 months and somewhat higher in the first 4 to 11 months after removal of IUD. The length of use in copper containing IUDs (TCu‐200 and MLCu‐250) acceptors did not influence the return of fertility, whereas the return of fertility after removal of inert IUD (LL) was significantly higher in case of the use for shorter than 48 months compared to the use for longer than 48 months. These results suggest that appropriate selection of a contraceptive IUD and appropriate duration of the IUD use are important for individuals who desire another child.
The Hay's Flexion Rotation Obstetric Forceps: Reestablishing Relevance in Modern Obstetrics
Authors: Sheriar Nozer K. , Mataliya Manju V. , Daftary Shirish N. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA prospective evaluation of 140 forceps deliveries with the Hay's flexion rotation obstetric forceps was undertaken over a 5‐year period.The Hay's forceps was used for a variety of indications and included outlet forceps application in 35.7%, low or midforceps application in 29.3% with forceps rotation in 16.4%, 19.3% of applications for an aftercoming head and 19.3% applications at caesarean section.Outlet forceps deliveries had maternal and neonatal outcomes comparable with the Wrigley's short obstetric forceps. Midforceps applications were compared to the Simpson's long forceps, with maternal morbidity at 21% being significantly less, blade marks being the only neonatal morbidity and the Apgar scores being significantly higher with the Hay's forceps. Every forceps application at caesarean section resulted in an easy delivery.Thus the Hay's forceps with innovations such as parallelism and flexion potential could revalidate the role of the forceps in contemporary obstetrics.
Evaluation of Sperm Fertilizing Capacity Using the Determination of Acrosome Reaction
Authors: Takahashi Kentaro , Sakoda Ryouichi , Yamasaki Hiroyuki , Uchida Akihiro , Yoshino Kazuo , Kitao Manabu 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTo evaluate the usefulness of the determination of acrosome reaction (AR) at 2 and 4 hours of incubation for predicting sperm fertilizing capacity in vitro, semen samples obtained from 45 partners of couples participating in the IVF (in vitro fertilization) program were examined. The population was divided into 2 groups, depending on the fertilization rate in the IVF program: Group A, with a good fertilizing capacity (≥50% fertilized oocytes); and Group B, with a poor fertilizing capacity (<50% fertilized oocytes). The rate of acrosome reaction (%AR) was examined using the fluorescein isothiocyanate‐conjugated Concanavalin A lectin method. The efficacy of this procedure was compared with that of the zona‐free hamster oocyte human sperm penetration assay (SPA) and sperm characteristics (SC) that appear in routine semen analysis. The sensitivities in the test of AR, SPA and SC were 91%, 86% and 82%, respectively. However, their specificities were 83%, 48% and 43%, respectively. Therefore, the screening procedure using the determination of acrosome reaction might be a useful tool in predicting IVF results.
Immunohistochemical and Immunoelectron Microscopic Study of Cytochrome P‐450 of Human Fetal Livers (P‐450HFLa): Implications for an Onco‐Feto‐Placental Enzyme
Authors: Okajima Yuko , Inaba Noriyuki , Fukazawa Ichio , Ota Yoriko , Hirai Yasuo , Sato Naomi , Yamamoto Giichi , Itahashi Koshiro , Kitada Mitsukazu , Kamataki Tetsuya , Takamizawa Hiroyoshi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractCytochrome P‐450 of human fetal livers (P‐450HFLa) was demonstrated by the avidin‐biotin immunoperoxidase technique in tissue samples as follows: human fetal organs, adult livers, human and cynomolgus placenta, and gynecologic organs which were obtained from 40 patients with gynecologic malignancies and 32 patients with benign diseases.P‐450HFLa was clearly localized in the cytoplasm and membranes of the hepa‐tocytes, and the fact was confirmed by an immunoelectron microscopic examination. In addition, a semiquantitative assay of staining intensity demonstrated that this enzyme, tended to decrease with advancing age. These findings suggest that hepatic P‐450HFLa synthesis is inversely proportional to age, and that this enzyme is one of the differentiation antigens.P‐450HFLa was also detected immunohistochemically in other fetal organs. The present study thus confirms that P‐450HFLa is not specific to the liver and is ubiquitous even in the fetus. Marked positive staining for P‐450HFLa was demonstrated in villous syncytiotrophoblasts. In contrast, no positive staining was found in the cynomolgus‐monkey placenta, unlike the case for many other placental antigens. These findings lead to the tentative conclusion that P‐450HFLa is a feto‐placental enzyme peculiar to humans.P‐450HFLa was demonstrated to occur very frequently in gynecologic malignancies. The mean positivity rate for all gynecologic malignancies was 85%, while the rate was below 25% for benign gynecologic diseases, indicating that P‐450HFLa is one of the onco‐feto‐placental enzymes.The present study thus suggests that this enzyme could be a promising new tumor marker for gynecologic malignancies.
Association between Human in vitro Fertilization Rate and Pregnancy Outcome: A Possible Involvement of Spermatozoal Quality in Subsequent Embryonic Viability
Authors: Chan Steven Y. W. , Tucker Michael J. , Leung Clement K. M. , Leong Milton K. H. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA conventional view of mammalian fertilization is that the active component of the process: the spermatozoon, by virtue of its progressive motility and acrosomal enzymes, penetrates an otherwise passive oocyte. This concept has placed bias on spermatozoal normality as largely determining the outcome of fertilization; once this has been achieved then the contribution of the spermatozoon is often forgotten, and attention switches to the maternally derived “blue‐print” for early embryonic development. Paternal genomic contribution is known to start at the eight‐cell stage in the human, but this is usually after the time when early cleavage stage (2 to 8‐cell stage) embryos are replaced in human assisted reproductive technologies (ART) procedures such as in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF‐ET). Hence, fundamental abnormal contributions to embryogenesis derived from the fertilizing spermatozoon have often been ignored. Human IVF‐ET has permitted far greater powers of analysis of the fertilization event, and fertilization success appears to be determined in such a system by three main factors: spermatozoal quality, oocyte quality, and quality of in vitro culture conditions (the gamete environment). If the second two factors are more carefully controlled than the first, as is the usual emphasis in routine human IVF practice, then any large variation in fertilization rates that are also significantly related to embryonic viability and ultimately pregnancy outcome, may be thought to be more directly associated with original quality of the fertilizing spermatozoon. An analysis of results of 758 IVF cases provides preliminary evidence to show that there is a close association between human in vitro fertilization rate and subsequent embryo viability following replacement. In accepting this hypothesis as a possibility, we should drastically change our attitude from one of the spermatozoon as a robust, simple initiator of embryonic development, and embrace the idea of the vulnerability of such germ cells both during and after their production, and how detrimental influences on this might profoundly affect embryogenesis after successful fertilization.
Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Pregnant Women: Detection by Different Anti‐HCV Immunoassays and Serum HCV‐RNA
Authors: Lin Ho‐Hsiung , Hsu Hong‐Yuan , Lee Tzu‐Yao , Kao Jia‐Horng , Chen Pei‐Jer , Chen Ding‐Shinn 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTo assess the seroepidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in pregnant women and explore the correlation between different anti‐HCV immunoassays, we investigated 2 independent groups in Taipei: 1,687 pregnant women without screening for serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (group A) and 260 pregnant women with elevated ALT activity (>45 IU/1) screened from 15,978 cases (group B). In group A, 11 women (0.65%) were found to be anti‐HCV‐positive by first‐generation tests and 21 (1.24%) by second‐generation tests, while 7 (2.69%) and 15 (5.77%) of the group B subjects were positive, respectively. The results of the second‐generation assays, based either on recombinant proteins or synthetic peptides, were identical. Among the 36 second‐generation anti‐HCV‐positive cases, 18 (86%) of the 21 cases in group A and 13 (87%) of the 15 cases in group B contained serum HCV‐RNA by RT‐PCR. We conclude that the prevalence of anti‐HCV in pregnant Taiwanese women is 1.24%, and the prevalence is 5.77% among those with an elevated ALT level. HCV‐RNA is present in 86% of the cases positive for anti‐HCV. The discrepancy between positive anti‐HCV and negative HCV‐RNA in some pregnant women suggests that anti‐HCV positivity in such cases may merely represent a past HCV infection or a fluctuating viremia.
Prenatal Ultrasonographic Diagnosis of Congenital Kyphosis due to Anterior Segmentation Failure
Authors: Song Tae‐Bok , Kim Yoon‐Ha , Oh Sung‐Tack , Byun Ji‐Soo , Kirn Eun‐Kyung 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA few cases of congenital scoliosis due to segmentation failure have so far reported and the antenatal detection of pure congenital kyphosis without scoliosis due to segmentation failure has not been reported. We report the first prenatal identification using ultrasound of a fetus affected with pure congenital kyphosis due to anterior segmentation failure of the vertebral body between the second and third lumbar spine which was associated with ventriculomegaly, cleft palate, and hydramnios.
Macrosomia: Maternal and Fetal Outcome
Authors: Karim Saadiya Aziz , Mastoor M. , Ahmed A. J. , Pasha O. , Qureshi F. , Akhtar S. , Robinson S. C. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThis retrospective case‐control study analyses the prevalence and outcome of macrosomia in a part of the underdeveloped world. Out of 6,093 deliveries at a large tertiary care centre, 234 (3.8%) were macrosomic. Maternal risk factors associated with the condition included age over 35, obesity, grand multiparity, postmaturity and impaired glucose tolerance. Operative deliveries were more common as was shoulder dystocia, birth trauma, fetal distress, the need for neonatal intensive care and perinatal loss.
Serotonin Metabolism in the Fetus in Preeclampsia†
Authors: Taniguchi Katsunori , Okatani Yuji , Sagara Yusuke 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe investigated serotonin (5‐HT) metabolism in the fetus in preeclampsia by measuring free 5‐HT, 5‐hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5‐HIAA) and tryptophan concentrations in umbilical cord plasma and amniotic fluid, and 5‐HT content in platelets by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Free 5‐HT and 5‐HIAA levels in umbilical cord plasma were significantly higher in the severe pre‐eclamptic group (S) than those in the non‐preeclamptic group (N). The plasma 5‐HIAA/5‐HT ratio in group S was significantly lower than that in group N. Platelet 5‐HT content in group S tended to be lower than that in group N. Mean plasma /3‐thromboglobulin concentration in group S was significantly higher than that in group N. There was no significant difference in plasma tryptophan levels between group S and N.These findings suggest that the higher levels of plasma free 5‐HT in umbilical cord plasma in preeclampsia are attributable to excess release of 5‐HT from platelets as well as lower monoamine oxidase activity.
A Quantitative Approach to the Loss of Heterozygosity in p 53 Allele on Detection of Human Cervical Cancer Using a Biolmaging Analyzer
Authors: Kinoshita Moritoshi , Shin Sadahito , Hirao Tsutomu , Aono Toshihiro 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe presence of HPV16 and HPV18 is believed to be responsible for the tumori‐genesis of cervical cancer. As not all HPV‐infected patients proceed consistently to carcinoma of the uterine cervix, it is important to clarify at the genetic level the mechanism of the disease progression following HPV infection. We recently investigated the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in p53 gene, using the quantitative Southern hybridization‐incorporated Imaging Plate method with a p53 cDNA probe. According to the detection of heterozygote in p53 allele, 11 (61.1%) out of 18 patients with cervical cancer, and 4 out of 11 heterozygotes cases (36.4%) exhibited a loss of heterozygosity in p53 allele. It could be suggested that the occurrence of LOH is produced through chromosomal alteration in the tumorigenesis of cervical cancer.
Anti‐ssDNA and dsDNA Antibodies in Preeclampsia
Authors: Yamamoto Tatsuo , Yoshimura Sachiko , Geshi Yumi , Sasamori Yukifumi , Mori Hiroyuki , Kobayashi Takuro 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe presence of anti‐ssDNA and anti‐dsDNA antibodies and their clinical significance in preeclampsia were studied. Serum samples were taken from 38 cases of preeclampsia including 19 severe cases, and from 26 normal pregnant women. Anti‐ssDNA and anti‐dsDNA antibodies were measured by using an enzyme‐linked im‐munosorbent assay (ELISA).Only 1 of the 38 preeclampsia tested positively for the anti‐dsDNA and none of 26 normal pregnant women showed positive results. Although 15 out of the 38 cases (39.4%) of preeclampsia tested positively the anti‐ssDNA antibody, none of the 26 normal pregnant women showed positive results. Five of 19 (26.3%) mild preeclampsia cases tested positively. In severe cases, 10 of 19 (52.6%) tested positively. The frequency of the anti‐ssDNA antibody is related to the severity of such symptoms as hypertension and proteinuria. However, we could not confirm that the presence of the anti‐ssDNA antibody is related to the appearance of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) in preeclampsia.This study demonstrated a high incidence of autoantibodies, such as the anti‐ssDNA antibody, in preeclampsia, and indicates a close relationship between this antibody and the severity of preeclamptic symptom. We concluded that the autoantibodies, such as the anti‐DNA antibody, might be produced in preeclampsia, and that the abnormal B‐cell activation might occur in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia.
The Prevalence of Adenomyosis and Endometriosis in an Ultra‐Religious Jewish Population
Authors: Bocker Jaron , Tadmor Ofer P. , Gal Michael , Diamant Yoram Z. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn view of increasing incidence of adenomyosis and endometriosis reported in recent years, we evaluated the incidence of these disorders in a unique ultra‐orthodox Jewish population over the past 20 years by reviewing 1,434 hysterectomy specimens.The incidence of adenomyosis among the hysterectomy specimens decreased from 15.14% in the first 10 years of the period studied, to 9.24% in the second decade (p<0.05). The incidence of endometriosis remained unchanged, and was very low (1.12%) compared to published data. Our findings highlight the possible effects of heredity, religious and social behavior on the etiology of endometriosis.
Age‐Specific Prevalence of Hepatitis B Surface and e Antigenemia in Pregnant Women in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Ho‐Hsiung , Hsu Hong‐Yuan , Lee Tzu‐Yao , Hsieh Rhong‐Phong , Chen Pei‐Jer , Chen Ding‐Shinn 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTo investigate the age‐specific prevalence of hepatitis B surface and e antigens (HBsAg and HBeAg) in pregnant women, we studied all the parturients encountered in National Taiwan University Hospital between 1985 and 1990. Serum HBsAg and HBeAg were checked by radioimmunoassay. The prevalence rate of HBsAg in pregnant women was 13.2%, 12.7%, 11.4%, 11.7%, 12.9% and 14.2%, respectively for each year. The figures seemed stable. The positive rate of HBeAg in HBsAg‐positive pregnant women was 32.8%, 39.9%, 42.6%, 30.8%, 32.0% and 31.7%, respectively during the past 6 years. We also analyzed the results in different age‐grouped pregnant women. The positive rate of HBsAg was 12.8%, 13.1%, 11.6% and 11.5% respectively in 21–25 year‐old, 26–30 year‐old, 31–35 year‐old and 36–40 year‐old groups. The positive rate of HBeAg in HBsAg‐positive pregnant women was 49.4%, 36.5%, 31.5% and 20.0% respectively in these 4 age groups, with a prevalence declining with the advanced age. We conclude that HBsAg‐positive rate was 11–14% in the pregnant women who visited our hospital, and their HBeAg‐positive rate was 31–43%. No decrease of HBsAg carriage or HBeAg prevalence was seen in the past 6 years.
A Case of Ovarian Brenner Tumor with Stromal Estrogenic Activity
Authors: Morimura Yutaka , Ohishi Mari , Hoshi Kazuhiko , Sato Akira , Munakata Satoru , Azuma Tatuo 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAn 88‐year‐old menopausal Japanese female suffering from atypical genital bleeding received a left oophorectomy for a tumor of the left ovary. A vaginal smear before removal of the tumor revealed high estrogenic activity. The patient's ovarian tumor was a benign Brenner tumor and contained theca‐like cells in its stroma. The pathological findings relating to these theca‐like cells suggested their estrogenic activity, and a vaginal smear after removal of the tumor revealed that estrogenic activity had disappeared.
The ABC of Shoulder Dystocia Management
Authors: Lurie Samuel , Ben‐Arie Alon , Hagay Zion 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn this retrospective study we analyzed our experience in management of 76 consecutive cases of shoulder dystocia. In most cases (N = 67, 88.2%) McRoberts' maneuver was sufficient in order to deliver the impacted shoulders. In 2 cases (2.6%) in addition to McRoberts' maneuver suprapubic pressure was applied. In 7 cases (9.2%) Woods' maneuver was performed after the McRoberts' maneuver and the suprapubic pressure. Based on our experience and upon careful review of the literature we propose the optimal “ABC” for the management of shoulder dystocia. It includes A) McRoberts' maneuver, B) Suprapubic pressure, C) Woods' maneuver, D) Delivery of posterior arm. We emphasize that the shoulder dystocia situation is a major emergency in obstetrics and that its management requires prompt resuscitation of the fetus during the process of its delivery.
Enzyme‐Cytochemistry of Human Chorion Laeve at Term: Enzyme Localization on the Chorionic Trophoblast
Authors: Matsubara Shigeki , Sayama Masaaki , Sato Ikuo , Tamada Taro 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIs the chorion laeve merely a remnant of the chorion frondosum in placental development? Or is it metabolically active, having something to do with materno‐fetal interactions? In order to answer these questions at least in part, we determined the ultracytochemical localizations of some important enzymes such as nonspecific phosphatase (alkaline phosphatase), specific phosphatase (Ca++‐ATPase and 5′‐nucle‐otidase) and adenylate cyclase in the human chorion laeve at term. Strong activities of these enzymes were localized by ultracytochemistry on the plasma membrane of the trophoblast in the chorion laeve. These enzyme activities were confirmed by a series of cytochemical‐control experiments, i.e., substrate‐free control, heat‐stability control, and inhibition control by inhibitors of alkaline phosphatase. These observations indicate that the chorionic trophoblast is probably metabolically active and that it might play an important role in the physiology of the fetal membrane.
Clinical Usefulness of Low‐Dose Oral Contraceptives for the Treatment of Adolescent Hyperandrogenemia
Authors: Yamamoto Takara , Okada Hiroji 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn the early stage of adolescence, irregular menstruation and an anovulation often occurs. During this period, some adolescent women suffer from hyperandrogenemia, which results in acne, adiposity, and hirsutism. If adequate treatment is not given to these hyperandrogenic young women, severe hirsutism and polycystic ovary (PCO), which could be a proximate cause of juvenile endometrial carcinoma, might occur.Young women with hyperandrogenemia show increased levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) levels and free testosterone (T)/total T ratio, and a decreased level of steroid hormone binding globulin (SHBG) in serum. Low‐dose oral contraceptives might reduce the hormone unbalance and hyperandrogenemia without leading to negative effects in the ovarian function of adolescent women.
Ultrasound Diagnosis of Rudimentary Uterine Horn Pregnancy in Fourteen Weeks of Gestation: A Case Report
Authors: Chang Wen‐Feng , Lin Ho‐Hsiung , Ho Hong‐Nerng , Sheu Bor‐Ching , Huang Su‐Cheng , Lee Tsu‐Yao 
Published: August 2010

AbstractPregnancy in a rudimentary uterine horn is rare. Rupture tends to occur in the second trimester, and results in maternal morbility and mortality. Although the diagnosis prior to rupture is difficult, early detection is essential in avoiding a fatal outcome. An asymptomatic case of pregnancy in the rudimentary horn of a bicornu‐ate uterus prior to rupture is presented. This report is to emphasize the important value of sonography for early detection of the prerupture of the rudimentary pregnancy.
The Influence of Obstetric Workload on Cesarean Section Rate
Authors: Chung Tony K.H. , Haines Christopher J. , Rogers Michael S. , Chang Allan M.Z. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe cesarean section rate in a busy obstetric unit was studied in relation to the monthly confinement rate. A total of 30,825 births over a period of 5 years were analyzed. There was a negative correlation between the emergency cesarean section rate and the unit workload (correlation = — .498, 2 tailed p = 0.0001) whilst there was no relationship between workload and the elective cesarean section rate. This suggested that the unit may reach a certain saturation level as far as the emergency cases were concerned during the busy periods. However, there was no evidence that the perinatal outcome was affected by this variation in emergency cesarean section rate.
1C5 Antigen: Cancer‐Associated Protein Expressed by Cervical Adenocarcinomas and β‐Casein
Authors: Horimoto Emi , Uede Toshimitsu , Koizumi Motoiki , Kikuchi Kokichi , Kudo Ryuichi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe monoclonal antibody 1C5 reacts with an antigenic determinant present in 90% of the cases of adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. The antigen denned by the 1C5 antibody exhibits immunological characteristics similar to those of skim milk (bovine buttermilk). lC5‐defined antigen obtained from tumor extract and skim milk binds specifically to wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) lectin. The lC5‐defined antigenic activity of a WGA lectin‐bound fraction was eluted at 0.7‐0.8 m NaCl off a Mono Q column. Use of an inhibition assay and a dot immunobinding assay revealed that the antigenic epitope defined by the 1C5 MoAb from skim milk exists within the first 28 amino acids of the β‐casein peptide.