bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MGMT Promoter Methylation Is Prognostic but Not Predictive for Outcome to Adjuvant PCV Chemotherapy in Anaplastic Oligodendroglial Tumors: A Report From EORTC Brain Tumor Group Study 26951
Authors: van den Bent Martin J. , Dubbink Hendrikus J. , Sanson Marc , van der Lee-Haarloo Cathleen R. , Hegi Monika , Jeuken Judith W.M. , Ibdaih Ahmed , Brandes Alba A. , Taphoorn Martin J.B. , Frenay Marc , Lacombe Denis , Gorlia Thierry , Dinjens Winand N.M. , Kros Johan M. 
Published: November 2009

Purpose O6-methylguanine-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation has been shown to predict survival of patients with glioblastomas if temozolomide is added to radiotherapy (RT). It is unknown if MGMT promoter methylation is also predictive to outcome to RT followed by adjuvant procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine (PCV) chemotherapy in patients with anaplastic oligodendroglial tumors (AOT). Patients and Methods In the European Organisation for the Research and Treatment of Cancer study 26951, 368 patients with AOT were randomly assigned to either RT alone or to RT followed by adjuvant PCV. From 165 patients of this study, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissue was available for MGMT promoter methylation analysis. This was investigated with methylation specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. Results In 152 cases, an MGMT result was obtained, in 121 (80%) cases MGMT promoter methylation was observed. Methylation strongly correlated with combined loss of chromosome 1p and 19q loss (P = .00043). In multivariate analysis, MGMT promoter methylation, 1p/19q codeletion, tumor necrosis, and extent of resection were independent prognostic factors. The prognostic significance of MGMT promoter methylation was equally strong in the RT arm and the RT/PCV arm for both progression-free survival and overall survival. In tumors diagnosed at central pathology review as glioblastoma, no prognostic effect of MGMT promoter methylation was observed. Conclusion In this study, on patients with AOT MGMT promoter methylation was of prognostic significance and did not have predictive significance for outcome to adjuvant PCV chemotherapy. The biologic effect of MGMT promoter methylation or pathogenetic features associated with MGMT promoter methylation may be different for AOT compared with glioblastoma.
Androgen-Induced Rhox Homeobox Genes Modulate the Expression of AR-Regulated Genes
Authors: Hu Zhiying , Dandekar Dineshkumar , O'Shaughnessy Peter J. , De Gendt Karel , Verhoeven Guido , Wilkinson Miles F. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractRhox5, the founding member of the reproductive homeobox on the X chromosome (Rhox) gene cluster, encodes a homeodomain-containing transcription factor that is selectively expressed in Sertoli cells, where it promotes the survival of male germ cells. To identify Rhox5-regulated genes, we generated 15P-1 Sertoli cell clones expressing physiological levels of Rhox5 from a stably transfected expression vector. Microarray analysis identified many genes altered in expression in response to Rhox5, including those encoding proteins controlling cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, metabolism, and cell-cell interactions. Fifteen of these Rhox5-regulated genes were chosen for further analysis. Analysis of Rhox5-null male mice indicated that at least nine of these are Rhox5-regulated in the testes in vivo. Many of them have distinct postnatal expression patterns and are regulated by Rhox5 at different postnatal time points. Most of them are expressed in Sertoli cells, indicating that they are candidates to be directly regulated by Rhox5. Transfection analysis with expression vectors encoding different mouse and human Rhox family members revealed that the regulatory response of a subset of these Rhox5-regulated genes is both conserved and redundant. Given that Rhox5 depends on androgen receptor (AR) for expression in Sertoli cells, we examined whether some Rhox5-regulated genes are also regulated by AR. We provide several lines of evidence that this is the case, leading us to propose that RHOX5 serves as a key intermediate transcription factor that directs some of the actions of AR in the testes.
Nucleation and subsequent cavitation in a hydraulic oil poppet valve
Authors: Washio S , Kikui S , Takahashi S 
Published: November 2009

If bubble nuclei are the cause of cavitation, how are they initially produced? According to what Washio et al. have found out so far, there are two possible ways for cavitation nuclei to be generated in liquid flows: separation of flow and a relative motion between solids contacting in liquid. The present article intends to reinforce that assertion by observing the cavitation occurring in an oil hydraulic poppet valve. At a certain flowrate, a microscopic cavity suddenly emerged on the valve seat where the flow separated. As the flowrate increased, the cavity developed extending circumferentially on the seat and discharged bubbles by splitting. A collision of the poppet with the valve seat also caused the generation of a cavity. As the poppet was away from the seat after the collision, the cavity shrunk leaving behind a bubble. Cavities generated on the seat by flow separation regularly repeated a process of growth and shrinkage accompanied by bubble discharge, which induced flow pulsation and consequently vibration of the poppet supported by a spring as well. Moreover, these cavities brought about so-called ‘choking’ in the poppet—seat constriction and acted to increase the pressure loss there by narrowing its cross-section.
Ultrafast Dynamics in Aprotic Molecular Liquids: A Femtosecond Raman-Induced Kerr Effect Spectroscopic Study
Authors: Shirota Hideaki , Fujisawa Tomotsumi , Fukazawa Hiroki , Nishikawa Keiko 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
We have studied the ultrafast dynamics of forty aprotic molecular liquids by femtosecond optical heterodyne-detected Raman-induced Kerr effect spectroscopy. Some physical properties such as shear viscosity, density, and surface tension of the molecular liquids have also been measured. From the Fourier transform Kerr spectra in the frequency range of about 0–200 cm−1, we have found that the first moment of the low-frequency intermolecular vibrational spectrum is moderately correlated with the root of the value of surface tension divided by density. This fact indicates that the microscopic intermolecular interaction is related to the macroscopic physical property of intermolecular force in molecular liquids. On the other hand, a correlation between the first moment of the intermolecular vibrational spectrum and the interaction energy of two identical molecules is almost nonexistent. The difference between the two relations suggests that the many-body interaction effect takes a hand in the intermolecular vibrational dynamics in molecular liquids. We have also found that the shapes of the broad low-frequency vibrational spectra for aromatic molecular liquids show a clearer bimodal feature than those for non-aromatic molecular liquids. Picosecond Kerr transients for most of the molecular liquids are non-exponential. The slowest relaxation time is qualitatively explained by the Stokes–Einstein–Debye model.
Data-Based Stochastic Approach to Absolute Asymmetric Synthesis by Autocatalysis
Authors: Barabás Béla , Caglioti Luciano , Micskei Károly , Pályi Gyula 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Statistical distribution of enantiomeric excesses obtained by two sets of parallel experiments of absolute asymmetric synthesis by asymmetric autocatalysis was analyzed. It has been found that experimental data give an excellent fit to a bimodal β distribution formula, where the components are in a golden section ratio. The parameters of this higher order β distribution were found by computer-simulated Pólya urn model experiments. The urn model experiments indicate that the Soai-autocatalysis might operate by three concerted cooperating catalytic cycles. These results may provide also a general model of asymmetric autocatalysis.
Effect of Fluorous Tags on Glycosylation of Saccharide Primers in Animal Cells
Authors: Kasuya Maria Carmelita Z , Tojino Mami , Nakano Shinya , Mizuno Mamoru , Hatanaka Kenichi 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
A series of fluorous-tagged saccharide primers with different contents of fluorous atoms was synthesized and introduced into mouse melanoma B16 cells. The primers did not affect cell morphology and viability at a concentration of 50 µM. The numerous fluorine atoms did not pose a steric barrier to primer assimilation into cells and did not affect cellular-enzyme-catalyzed glycosylation. The lactoside primers were sialylated to afford GM3-type oligosaccharide. On the other hand, the GlcNAc primers were galactosylated to afford a lactosamine derivative that was further sialylated by cellular enzymes to afford a sialylated lactosamine.
Synthesis and Optical Properties, Including Two-Photon Absorption Cross-Sections, of Differentially Functionalized Starburst-Type π-Conjugated Molecules
Authors: Kobayashi Kenji , Kita Yuto , Shigeiwa Motoyuki , Imamura Satoru , Maeda Shuuichi 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Differentially functionalized hexakis( p-substituted-phenylethynyl)benzene and hexakis[4-( p-substituted-styryl)phenylethynyl]benzene derivatives with various (D6h, D3h, D2h, and C2v) symmetries were synthesized by Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions. The optical properties of this starburst-type π-conjugated system were investigated. Among them, hexakis[4-( p-dioctylaminostyryl)phenylethynyl]benzene (5) showed the largest two-photon absorption cross-section of δ = 818 GM at 800 nm, which was determined by open aperture Z-scan with 120 fs laser pulses in toluene solution.
Discovery of New Chlorinated Briaranes from Junceella fragilis
Authors: Sung Ping-Jyun , Wang Su-Hui , Chiang Michael Y , Su Yin-Di , Chang Yu-Chia , Hu Wan-Ping , Tai Chen-Yu , Liu Chih-Yang 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Four briarane-type diterpenoids, including two new chlorinated metabolites, fragilides F (1) and G (2), along with two known compounds, junceellonoid D (3) and juncin Z (4), were isolated from the gorgonian coral Junceella fragilis. The structures of new briaranes 1 and 2 were elucidated by spectral data analysis and the absolute configuration of 1 was directly determined by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The relationships between proton chemical shifts and conformations of the methylenecyclohexane ring in briaranes possessing a C-11/20 carbon–carbon double bond are described. Briarane 4 was found to exhibit significant cytotoxicity toward the CCRF-CEM tumor cells.
Preparation of Mg–Al Layered Double Hydroxide Intercalated with 2,7-Naphthalene Disulfonate and Its Selective Uptake of Aromatic Compounds from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Kameda Tomohito , Yamazaki Takashi , Yoshioka Toshiaki 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Mg–Al layered double hydroxide intercalated with 2,7-naphthalene disulfonate ion (2,7-NDS·Mg–Al LDH) was prepared by coprecipitation and was found to selectively take up aromatic compounds from aqueous solutions. The amount of material absorbed by 2,7-NDS·Mg–Al LDH depends on the electron-donating or -withdrawing properties of the functional groups on the molecules to be absorbed. The absorption mechanism is dependent on π–π stacking interactions between the aromatic ring of the molecules to be absorbed and the naphthalene moiety of 2,7-NDS2−.
Unusual Photochromic Behavior of C3-Methoxy-Substituted Bis(2-thienyl)perfluorocyclopentene
Authors: Uchida Kingo , Sumino Hibiki , Shimobayashi Yumiko , Ushiogi Yousuke , Takata Atsushi , Kojima Yuko , Yokojima Satoshi , Kobatake Seiya , Nakamura Shinichiro 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
A bis(2-thienyl)perfluorocyclopentene having methoxy groups at both reactive carbon atoms was synthesized and the quantum yields of cyclization and cycloreversion reactions were found to be 0.29 and 0.27, respectively. Usual bis(3-thienyl)perfluorocyclopentenes with methoxy groups at both reactive carbon atoms show much lower cycloreversion quantum yields. The unusual large yield was explained by theoretical methods. Additionally the compound did not show any coloration in crystalline state upon UV irradiation, even though the distance between both reactive carbon atoms is less than 4 Å. The reason was discussed by using the crystallographic data.
In search of the crystal structure of low quartz
Authors: Baur Werner H. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA comparison of numerous determinations of unit cell dimensions and of crystal structure refinements of low quartz, SiO2, shows that there exists no study at a defined temperature and at ambient pressure of a chemically well characterized sample, for which we have precise unit cell lengths and at the same time positional coordinates of high precision for the silicon and oxygen atoms. An analysis of the available data from 18 carefully selected measurements of cell lengths and 25 determinations of positional coordinates results in an averaged structure at 291 K in space groupP3121 with unit cell dimensions:a= 4.9130(1) Å,c= 5.4047(1) Å; and standardized coordinates:x(Si) = 0.5301(2),x(O) = 0.4139(5),y(O) = 0.1466(4) andz(O) = 0.1188(3); the silicon atom is in Wyckoff position 3a (x, 0, 1/3) and the oxygen atoms are in Wyckoff position 6c (x, y, z). Error estimates for cell dimensions and coordinates are taken as the mean of the observed e.s.d.‘s in the various original structure refinements. The bond lengths within one coordination tetrahedron are, twice each, Si–O,a 1.604(2) Å and Si–O,b 1.613(2) Å; the angles around the silicon atom are O,a–Si–O,a 109.0(1)°, O,b–Si–O,b 109.5(1)°, and twice each O,a–Si–O,b 110.4(1)° and O,b–Si–O,a 108.8(1)°; the Si–O–Si angle between two tetrahedra is 143.7(1)°. For the time being this is the best currently available estimate of the geometry of the crystal structure of low quartz.
Recurrent Abdominal Pain in Childhood Urolithiasis
Authors: Polito Cesare , Manna Angela La , Signoriello Giuseppe , Marte Antonio 
Published: November 2009

OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to establish the clinical presentation and features of pain attacks in children with recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) and urolithiasis.
METHODS: We compared the rate of previous appendectomy among 100 consecutive patients with that of 270 control subjects. We also compared the frequency of pain attacks with that reported by children with functional or organic gastrointestinal RAP.
RESULTS: Fifty-three patients had no history of dysuria or gross hematuria, and only 35 had hematuria at the first visit; 41 patients were evaluated for urolithiasis only because of a family history of kidney stones associated with RAP. Twenty-nine patients had been previously hospitalized for abdominal symptoms. Sixteen patients and 4 control subjects (1.5%) had undergone a previous appendectomy (P &lt; .0001). Two to 28 months before the diagnosis of urolithiasis, 37 patients underwent abdominal ultrasonography, which did not show urinary stones. Sixty-nine percent of subjects younger than 8 years of age had central/diffuse abdominal pain. The mean frequency of pain attacks was 4 to 9 times lower than in patients with functional or organic gastrointestinal RAP.
CONCLUSIONS: Because of the inconstant occurrence of dysuria and hematuria, the location of pain in areas other than the flank, and the lack of calculi shown on imaging studies performed after pain attacks, the urologic origin of pain may be overlooked and ineffective procedures performed. The possibility of urolithiasis should be considered in children with RAP who have a family history of urolithiasis and/or infrequent pain attacks, even when dysuria and hematuria are lacking, and in younger children even when pain is not lateral.
Demographic Characteristics, Care, and Outcomes for Children with Oral Clefts in Three States Using Participants from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Authors: Damiano Peter , Tyler Margaret , Romitti Paul A. , Druschel Charlotte , Austin April A. , Burnett Whitney , Kizelnik-Freilich Sara , Robbins James M. 
Published: November 2009

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate whether there were differences in the characteristics and outcomes of care for children with oral clefts (OCs) among population-based samples in three states. Design: Data on the health status and on speech and esthetic outcomes were collected using structured telephone interviews conducted during 2005–2006 with mothers of children with OCs aged 2 to 7 in Arkansas, Iowa, and New York. Participants: Mothers of children born with nonsyndromic OCs on or after January 1, 1998, and on or before December 31, 2003, in Arkansas, Iowa, or New York. Subjects were identified through their participation in the ongoing National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Main Outcome Measures: Demographic characteristics, rating of cleft care, severity of condition, health status, esthetic outcomes, and speech problems were evaluated by state of residence. Results: Children with OCs from Arkansas were from lower income families, and their parents were less likely to be married. Children with OCs from Arkansas were more likely to have special health care needs and to require mental health care. Few differences were found across states in type of cleft, severity of cleft, or outcomes of cleft care. Conclusions: Combining results from population-based samples across multiple studies increases the variability of sample characteristics. Including multiple states can be an efficient way to learn more about the outcomes of medical care for less common conditions such as oral cleft.
Rotation-Transposition Correction of Nasal Deformity in Tessier Number 1 and 2 Clefts
Authors: Rashid Mamoon , Islam Muhammad Zia ul , Tamimy Muhammad Sarmad , Haq Ehtesham ul , Aman Samina , Aslam Ayesha 
Published: November 2009

Objective: To formulate a standardized procedure for repair of the nasal component of Tessier number 1 and 2 clefts. Patients and Methods: The procedure was performed from 1998 to 2007 in 13 patients with congenital nasal clefts of different degrees of expression corresponding to Tessier 1 and 2. The patients’ ages ranged from 3 months to 28 years. There were 10 male and three female patients. In the absence of any standard published technique for these rare defects, we devised our own method, which we find uniformly applicable to all such cases. We use a composite muco-chondro-cutaneous lateral alar flap to recreate the alar rim. The resulting defect on the lateral nasal wall is then covered with a transposition flap from the dorsum. An alar rim z-plasty was added in cases where notching was evident. Results: In all cases, no problem of flap viability was encountered and all healed well with minimal scarring. The postoperative results were satisfactory and have remained stable over an average 6-month follow-up period. Conclusions: We recommend this technique to be used for the correction of nasal deformity associated with Tessier clefts number 1 and 2. We feel that this technique is relatively simple and easily reproducible.
Sagittal Maxillary Growth in Patients with Unoperated Isolated Cleft Palate
Authors: Chen Zhen-Qi , Qian Yu-Fen , Wang Guo-Min , Shen Gang 
Published: November 2009

Objective: To examine the sagittal maxillary growth during mixed and permanent dentition in patients with unoperated isolated cleft palate. Patients: A total of 41 patients with nonsyndromic unoperated isolated cleft palate, 16 with mixed dentition and 25 with permanent dentition. Main Outcome Measures: Cephalograms were analyzed to compare these patients with those with isolated cleft palate who had been repaired operatively as well with normal individuals. Results: The unoperated patients in mixed dentition showed reduced anterior-posterior length of the maxilla. In adults with unoperated isolated cleft palate with permanent dentition, the measurements showed maxillary retrusion as well as reduction in the anterior-posterior maxillary length. Conclusion: Sagittal growth of the maxilla appears to be inhibited in patients with unoperated isolated cleft palate, which became more severe with age.
Dental Arch Relationship in Children with Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate following Warsaw (One-Stage Repair) and Oslo Protocols
Authors: Fudalej Piotr , Hortis-Dzierzbicka Maria , Dudkiewicz Zofia , Semb Gunvor 
Published: November 2009

Objective: To compare the dental arch relationship following one-stage repair of unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) in Warsaw with a matched sample of patients treated by the Oslo Cleft Team. Material: Study models of 61 children (mean age, 11.2; SD, 1.7) with a nonsyndromic complete UCLP consecutively treated with one-stage closure of the cleft at 9.2 months (range, 6.0 to 15.8 months; SD, 2.0) by the Warsaw Cleft Team at the Institute of Mother and Child, Poland, were compared with a sample drawn from a consecutive series of patients with UCLP treated by the Oslo Cleft Team and matched for age, gender, and soft tissue band. Methods: The study models were given random numbers to blind their origin. Four examiners rated the dental arch relationship using the GOSLON Yardstick. The strength of agreement of rating was assessed with weighted Kappa statistics. An independent t-test was carried out to compare the GOSLON scores between Warsaw and Oslo samples, and Fisher's exact tests were performed to evaluate the difference of distribution of the GOSLON scores. Results: The intrarater and interrater agreements were high (K ≥ .800). No difference in dental arch relationship between Warsaw and Oslo groups was found (mean GOSLON score  =  2.68 and 2.65 for Warsaw and Oslo samples, respectively). The distribution of the GOSLON grades was similar in both groups. Conclusions: The dental arch relationship following one-stage repair (Warsaw protocol) was comparable with the outcome of the Oslo Cleft Team's protocol.
On asymptotic linearity of L-estimates
Authors: Hönschová Erika , Rublík František 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
A theorem on asymptotic linearity of L-estimates is proved under general set of regularity conditions, allowing the sampled distribution to be non-integrable. The main result is the improvement in the order of the remainder term in the formula for asymptotic linearity of L-statistic. It is shown that in the case of the integral coefficients this term R
n = O
P(1/n) and the case of functional coefficients is also covered.
QUEEN HONEY BEE MANDIBULAR PHEROMONE DOES NOT AFFECT WORKER OVARY DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Willis L.G. , Winston M.L. , Slessor K.N. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis study examined the dose-dependent effects of synthetic honey bee queen mandibular pheromone on the inhibition of worker ovary development. The range of doses examined was from 10−3 to 10 queen equivalents (Qeq) per day for 43 days; 1 Qeq was the amount of pheromone in an average pair of queen mandibular glands. Ovary class and ovariole number scores were used as estimates of worker ovary development. Queen mandibular pheromone did not inhibit ovary development in workers at any dose.