bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La génération de la Conquête : un questionnement de l’archive
Authors: Andrès Bernard 
Published: July 2012

Résumé
Après avoir présenté la façon dont l'historiographie traite de l'après-Conquête (notamment les travaux récents de Heinz Weinmann, Maurice Lemire et Fernand Dumont), l'auteur propose un type de questionnement de l'archive inspiré de Michel Foucault et d'une sociogénèse des enunciations: statuts relatifs du document et du monument, rapport des premiers textes littéraires au discours social et aux "grands récits" de l'époque. Ceci l'amène à reposer les problèmes de l'origine, de l'originalité et de la fondation d'une littérature à la fin du xviif et au tournant du XIXe siècle. L'idée d'une première génération d'écriture est alors examinée à travers la carrière des Fleury Mesplet, Valentin Jautard, foseph Quesnel, Pierre du Calvet, Pierre de Sales Laterrière, Henri-Antoine Mézière, Charles-François Bailly de Messein, Luc de La Corne, Ross Cuthbert et de quelques autres pionniers des lettres québécoises. Cette "génération de la Conquête" regroupe des écrivains de tous âges, autour d'une écriture bien marquée parson temps: les Lumières du xviif siècle.
Aperçus de la correspondance de Joseph Quesnel
Authors: Hare John 
Published: July 2012

Résumé
L'auteur le plus connu de la fin du xviif siècle, Joseph Quesnel, n'a pas seulement écrit des poésies, du théâtre et de l'opéra. Il a aussi entretenu une correspondance assez diversifiée avec sa famille et un réseau de proches, parmi lesquels figurent l'imprimeur John Neilson et l'avocat Pierre-Louis Panet. John Hare qui prépare une édition critique de cette correspondance en présente ici un aperçu en insistant sur la valeur socioculturelle, historique et littéraire de ces lettres pleines d'esprit. Le Québec, mais aussi Londres, Paris et le Bordeaux des années 1780, apparaissent au détour de cette correspondance dont les derniers plis nous mènent jusqu'à 1809, année du décès de l'auteur.
Monsieur Quesnel ou le Bourgeois anglomane
Authors: Robert Lucie 
Published: July 2012

Résumé
Le présent article propose une lecture archéologique de L'Anglomanie ou le Diner à l'angloise de Joseph Quesnel, considéré ici comme un des textes fondateurs de la tradition littéraire du Québec. En effet, tout en se situant dans la même tradition française que les autres écrits de Quesnel, il opère un nouveau découpage dans le champ du discours, en inscrivant, dans une formation spécifiquement littéraire, les nouvelles contradictions qui traversent l'opinion publique au Bas-Canada. La forme nouvellement obtenue servira par la suite de matrice à une série de nouveaux textes produits au cours du XIXe, mais aussi du XXe siècle. En outre, cette étude formule quelques hypothèses sur le rôle que les salons littéraires auraient pu jouer dans la diffusion de cette pièce de Joseph Quesnel.
Histoire, roman et texte national : comment lire L’été de l’île de Grâce
Authors: Randall Marilyn 
Published: July 2012

Cette étude met en rapport la spécificité de L'été de l'île de Grâce comme roman historique avec le projet, formulé dans La maison Trestler, de relecture de l'histoire officielle par le biais du quotidien. Tout en préservant soigneusement les détails événementiels de l'épidémie de typhus de l'été 1847, le roman se présente comme « texte national », dont la fonction, selon Jacques Pelletier, serait de proposer d'abord la connaissance et ensuite la transformation de soi et du monde. L'évocation de l'histoire événementielle dans L'été de l'île de Grâce nous amène à lire le roman à travers les documents qui constituent l'Histoire officielle, confrontation qui finit par dégager les mécanismes du roman historique en tant que genre, et situe le roman de Madeleine Ouellette-Michalska dans le contexte du roman national. L'histoire de la Grosse île est un moment mal connu de l'Histoire du Québec. En ce sens, L'été de l'île de Grâce accomplit une double fonction : il propose moins une réécriture de l'Histoire officielle qu'une écriture de cette Histoire oubliée, par le biais du quotidien, du banal. Le récit fait d'abord connaître ce passage tragique et peu remémoré du passé national pour ensuite transformer l'essentiel de cette Histoire en lui donnant des dimensions mythiques, c'est-à-dire nationales.
Feasibility and acceptability of rapid HIV screening in a labour ward in Togo
Authors: Ekouevi Didier K , Kariyiare Benjamin G , Coffie Patrick A , Jutand Marthe‐Aline , Akpadza Koffi , Lawson‐Evi Annette , Tatagan Albert , Dabis François , Sibe Mathieu , Pitche Vincent P , Becquet Renaud , David Mireille 
Published: July 2012

BackgroundHIV screening in a labour ward is the last opportunity to initiate an antiretroviral prophylaxis among pregnant women living with HIV to prevent mother‐to‐child HIV transmission. Little is known about the feasibility and acceptability of HIV screening during labour in West Africa.FindingsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted in the labour ward at the Tokoin Teaching Hospital in Lomé (Togo) between May and August 2010. Pregnant women admitted for labour were randomly selected to enter the study and were interviewed on the knowledge of their HIV status. Clinical and biological data were collected from the individual maternal health chart. HIV testing or re‐testing was systematically proposed to all pregnant women. Among 1530 pregnant women admitted for labour, 508 (32.2%) were included in the study. Information on HIV screening was available in the charts of 359 women (71%). Overall, 467 women accepted HIV testing in the labour ward (92%). The HIV prevalence was 8.8% (95% confidence interval: 6.4 to 11.7%). Among the 41 women diagnosed as living with HIV during labour, 34% had not been tested for HIV during pregnancy and were missed opportunities. Antiretroviral prophylaxis had been initiated antenatally for 24 women living with HIV and 17 in the labour room.ConclusionsThis study is the first to show in West Africa that HIV testing in a labour room is feasible and well accepted by pregnant women. HIV screening in labour rooms needs to be routinely implemented to reduce missed opportunities for intervention aimed at HIV care and prevention, especially PMTCT.
Genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization algorithm for speed error reduction in railway signaling systems
Authors: Sandidzadeh Mohammad Ali , Heydari Amir , Khodadadi Ali 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYThe paper deals with common concepts of modern methods of train speed determination with minimal errors. Balise locations depend on a variety of parameters. With genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization, as two new intelligent algorithms, and Kalman filtering concept used, the best locations are determined to reduce tachometer errors. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adaptive prescribed performance control of nonlinear systems with unknown dead zone
Authors: Na Jing 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYAn alternative adaptive control with prescribed performance is proposed to address the output tracking of nonlinear systems with a nonlinear dead zone input. An appropriate function that characterizes the convergence rate, maximum overshoot, and steady‐state error is adopted and incorporated into an output error transformation, and thus the stabilization of the transformed system is sufficient to achieve original tracking control with prescribed performance. The nonlinear dead zone is represented as a time‐varying system and Nussbaum‐type functions are utilized to deal with the unknown control gain dynamics. A novel high‐order neural network with a scalar adaptive weight is developed to approximate unknown nonlinearities, thus the computational costs can be diminished dramatically. Some restrictive assumptions on the system dynamics and the dead‐zone are circumvented. Simulations are included to validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cities, Natures and the Political Imaginary
Authors: Kaika Maria , Swyngedouw Erik 
Published: July 2012

AbstractDespite the seeming accumulation of natural and manmade disasters over the last decade, and increasing urban intensification across the world, there seems to be little or no actual progress in solving urban ecological problems. In exploring a way forward, Maria Kaika and Erik Swyngedouw highlight three potential approaches to urban socio‐ecological research and how these might provide a conduit for re‐politicising urban nature.
Everything We Need: Scarcity, Scale, Hyperobjects
Authors: Morton Timothy 
Published: July 2012

AbstractScarcity as a concept places an emphasis on limits and the restrictions that there might be on the supply of resources, energy and materials. Timothy Morton, who is Professor of English at the University of California, Davis, and has written extensively on philosophy and ecology, among other subjects, questions philosophically this emphasis on limits and the contemporary tendency to need to quantify everything around us. He urges us to ‘look beyond those artificial boundaries’ and ‘find abundance’.
Almost All Right: Vienna's Social Housing Provision
Authors: Rumpfhuber Andreas , Klein Michael , Kolmayr Georg 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe aim of social housing is to manage scarcity by providing affordable accommodation for everyone. Responding to shifts in demand, it also has to adapt to ever‐changing economic, political and social conditions. Here, Andreas Rumpfhuber, Michael Klein and Georg Kolmayr look at Vienna's social housing provision, which for over a century has been ‘dealing with scarcity and its ghosts in order to avoid its negative effects’.
New York City (Steady) State
Authors: Sorkin Michael 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWhat would happen if New York became a self‐sufficient city state, entirely self‐reliant in terms of food, waste, energy, movement, manufacture, building, water and clean air? Michael Sorkin provides a masterplan for the metropolis with an ecological footprint that coincides with its political boundaries. Controversially, he explores the possibilities of urban autonomy and what the necessary steps might be in transforming a city's form.
No Frills and Bare Life: Cheapness and Democracy
Authors: Zaera‐Polo Alejandro 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAlejandro Zaera‐Polo looks at the implication of ‘cheapness’ pursued by some of today's most successful companies, which deliver no‐frills services and products to the biggest number of customers possible. This is a strategy perhaps best exemplified by EasyJet and IKEA. Setting aside the impact on global warming, what implications does this approach have for democratisation and urbanisation? And what can architecture, in particular, learn from it at time when it is turning its back on its aspirations for the iconic and the grand visions of the first decade of this century.
Diet and physical activity among migrant Bougainvilleans in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea: Association with anthropometric measures and blood pressure
Authors: Vengiau Gwendalyn , Umezaki Masahiro , Phuanukoonnon Suparat , Siba Peter , Watanabe Chiho 
Published: July 2012

AbstractObjectives:Obesity and hypertension are increasing in Papua New Guinea. This study investigated the association of dietary pattern and physical activity level with anthropometric measurements and blood pressure in migrant Bougainvilleans in the capital city of Port Moresby.Methods:Adults who had moved from Naasioi territory on Bougainville Island and resided in Port Moresby during the study period were studied (n = 70). The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to evaluate physical activity, and dietary pattern was assessed by per week consumption frequency of food items.Results:The least square regression analysis revealed that interindividual variation in body mass index and waist circumference was explained by variations in physical activity but not by dietary pattern. Blood pressure was not associated with physical activity level or dietary pattern.Conclusion:The individual variation in anthropometric measurements in urban Papua New Guinea is mainly influenced by physical activity level. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Intergenerational fertility correlations in contemporary developing counties
Authors: Murphy Michael 
Published: July 2012

AbstractObjectives:To estimate the magnitude of intergenerational continuities in total and effective fertility among women in a group of 46 contemporary developing countries.Methods:Information collected from 93,000 women aged 45–49 for estimation of maternal mortality in the demographic and health surveys (DHS) program is analyzed using Pearson product moment intergenerational fertility correlations.Results:A positive but usually small intergenerational correlation is found for both completed fertility (CFS, total number of children born) and effective fertility (EFS, number of children surviving to age of reproduction). Although the developing countries are mainly located in sub‐Saharan Africa, a similar pattern appears to hold for the Asian and Latin American countries included. Women in the second generation with no education have a stronger relationship with their parents' fertility than women with some education. The relationship is also stronger in rural than in urban areas and in countries with lower levels of development.Conclusions:Intergenerational correlations of completed fertility in both generations are marginally stronger than for effective fertility largely because the number of a woman's total sibs is more strongly related to her subsequent childbearing than her number of adult sibs. Values of intergenerational correlations for these countries are similar to published values for a number of Western pretransitional populations, but well below values in contemporary developed societies. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pseudoaminopterin syndrome
Authors: Kraoua Lilia , Capri Yline , Perrin Laurence , Benmansour Abdelmajjid , Verloes Alain 
Published: July 2012

AbstractPseudoaminopterin syndrome or aminopterin syndrome‐like sine aminopterin (ASSA syndrome—OMIM 600325] is a rare autosomal recessive syndrome defined by characteristic dysmorphic features, skeletal defects, limb anomalies, cryptorchidism, and growth retardation. The syndrome owes its name to the fact that patients resemble the children exposed to aminopterin or to methotrexate, two dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors used for chemotherapy, or as an abortificient in early pregnancy. Ten patients have been described with pseudoaminopterin syndrome. Their phenotype is variable, and differs from the phenotype resulting from folic acid deprivation, leading to the notion that the pathogenesis may be more complex than simple vitamin deficiency. We report on an Algerian patient with pseudoaminopterin syndrome, review the previously reported cases and confirm that pseudoaminopterin syndrome does not result from a detectable contiguous gene imbalance as high resolution CGH array was normal in this child. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of the dispersion state and aspect ratio of carbon nanotubes on their electrical percolation threshold in a polymer
Authors: Bao Ha‐Da , Sun Yao , Xiong Zhuo‐Yue , Guo Zhao‐Xia , Yu Jian 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe electrical percolation threshold of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is correlated with their dispersion state and aspect ratio through modeling. An analytical percolation model based on excluded volume theory and developed for systems containing two types of fillers is used. CNTs are modeled as two types of fillers: single CNT and m‐CNT bundle, and a variable P representing the dispersion state of CNTs is introduced. An equation showing the effects of the dispersion state and aspect ratio on the electrical percolation threshold of CNTs is established and verified with some of the published experimental data. It is useful for predicting the conductive behavior of polymer/CNT composites and for the design of their processing conditions. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Development of mixed matrix membranes for controlled release of ibuprofen
Authors: Algieri C. , Drioli E. , Donato L. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIn this work was studied the effect of different zeolite topologies on the release of ibuprofen from mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). The main parameters investigated were: zeolite concentration, its hydrophilic/hydrophobic character, and drug loading. About the different investigated systems, the PDMS NaX (I) membrane seems to be the most promising for its application as transdermal device. The release data were fitted with different mathematical models (zero order, first order, Higuchi, Bhaskar, and Korsemeyer‐Peppas) to give a possible explanation of the release mechanism of the drug from MMMs. The release data of the drug from pure PDMS membranes (PDMS IBU) were fitted by the Higuchi model (R2 pari a 0.97). In the case of MMMs, the correlation coefficients are very far from the unit value except for the PDMS NaX (I) system that obeys to the Korsmeyer–Peppas (0.98) and Bashkar (0.99) models. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Reactive melt blending of PS‐POSS hybrid nanocomposites
Authors: Bianchi O. , Barbosa L.G. , Machado G. , Canto L. B. , Mauler R. S. , Oliveira R. V. B. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractHybrid nanocomposites of polystyrene (PS) and methacryl phenyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) were synthesized by reactive melt blending in the mixing chamber of a torque rheometer using dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as a free radical initiator and styrene monomer as a chain transfer agent. The effects of mixing intensity and composition on the molecular structure and morphology of the PS‐POSS hybrid nanocomposites were investigated. The degree of POSS hybridization (αPOSS) was found to increase with the POSS content, DCP/POSS ratio, and rotor speed. For the PS‐POSS materials processed in the absence of styrene monomer, an increase in the αPOSS led to a reduction in the molecular weight by PS chain scission, as a consequence of the free radical initiation. On the other hand, the use of styrene monomer as a chain transfer agent reduces the steric hindrance in the hybridization reaction between POSS and PS, enhancing the degree of POSS hybridization and avoiding PS degradation. The PS‐POSS morphology consists of nanoscale POSS clusters and particles and microscale crystalline POSS aggregates. PS‐POSS with higher αPOSS values and lower amounts of nonbound POSS showed improved POSS dispersion, characterized by smaller interfacial thickness (t) and greater Porod inhomogeneity lengths (lp). The processing‐molecular structure–morphology correlations analyzed in this study allow the POSS dispersion level in the PS‐POSS materials to be tuned by controlling the reactive melt blending through the choice of the processing conditions. These insights are very useful for the development of PS‐POSS materials with optimized performance. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibers modified by quaternary ammonium salts
Authors: Gliścińska Eulalia , Gutarowska Beata , Brycki Bogumił , Krucińska Izabella 
Published: July 2012

AbstractElectrospinning from a capillary is one of the methods for the production of nanofibers. The specific properties of such fibers result first of all from their large specific surface and the high porosity of the fiber mat. This article presents a process for producing functional nanofibers with antimicrobiological properties by electrospinning from polyacrylonitrile/dimethyl sulphoxide solution containing a bioactive agent based on quaternary ammonium salts (N, N, n, n,‐didecyl‐N,N‐dimethylammonium chloride, Bis‐(3‐aminopropyl)‐dodecylamine) and 2‐propanol. The structure of the nanofibers obtained and their antimicrobial activity are investigated. A 5 wt % addition of bioactive preparation to the polymer solution (concentration of active substance in solution about 1.5 wt %) makes it possible to obtain fibers showing good bactericidal properties. After 6 h in contact with these fibers, Escherichia coli are eliminated to a level of 99.84% and Staphylococcus aureus to 99.99%. The IR spectrophotometric measurements do not indicate a residue of solvent in the bioactive nanofibers and show an increase in content of CH and CH2 groups in relation to the pure nanofibers, which is connected with the presence of the biocide. Their degree of crystallinity determined by the X‐ray scattering method is 44.4%. The nanofibers obtained can be designed for medical and filtration applications. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Syndiotactic polypropylene/microfibrous cellulose composites: Effect of filler size on tensile properties
Authors: Miyazaki Kensuke , Hamadate Masato , Terano Minoru , Nakatani Hisayuki 
Published: July 2012

AbstractSyndiotactic polypropylene (SPP)/ethanol swelled microfibrous cellulose (MFC) composite was prepared by a melting mixer, and its morphology and tensile properties were studied. The scanning electron microscope microphotograph did not show the aggregated MFC part up to the 40 wt % MFC loading content, and the Young's modulus was exponentially increasing with the increase of the MFC loading content. These results suggested that the MFC was well‐dispersed in the SPP matrix by an ethanol surfactant work. The Young's modulus was much higher than that of the composite with commonly used fibrous cellulose and moreover, exceeded the theoretical one obtained from the Halpin‐Tsai equation. The differential scanning calorimetry and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction measurements showed that the MFC acted as a good α‐nucleation agent for SPP. It was found that the excessive Young's modulus of the MFC composite was originated from an increase of that of the SPP matrix induced by the α‐nucleation effect. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Improved Adaptive Sliding Mode Control for a Class of Second‐Order Mechanical Systems
Authors: Cong Binglong , Liu Xiangdong , Chen Zhen 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThis paper considers the tracking control problem for a class of second‐order mechanical systems with bounded uncertain parameters. A solution to the over‐adaptation problem in current adaptive sliding mode control (ASMC) is presented by introducing a decay function in the sliding function definition. The switching gain generated by the proposed ASMC algorithm is significantly reduced as compared with current ASMC design. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
The low‐lying singlet‐triplet transitions of phenylacetylene and styrene: Analysis of the vibronic structure
Authors: Swiderek Petra , Göötz Britta 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe ground state (S0) and lowest triplet state (T1) geometries and normal coordinates of phenylacetylene and styrene have been calculated using the MCSCF method with 4‐31G basis set. Franck‐Condon factors derived from these results reproduce the vibronic structure of S0→T1 excitation spectra previously obtained by electron‐energy‐loss spectroscopy. The analysis of the spectra shows that the excitation in phenylacetylene takes place within the ring with only minor contributions from the side group. The side group multiple C‐C bond is not noticably involved in the S0→T1 excitation. In styrene the excitation is mainly localized in the exocyclic part of the molecule. The spectra are therefore dominated by vibrations involving the stretching motion of the exocyclic C‐C bonds.