bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geologists still dazzled by Jupiter photos
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Scientists of the U.S. Geological Survey, Department of the Interior, who are members of the Voyager Imaging Science Team studying exotic photographs obtained by Voyager 1 of the moons of Jupiter, continue to find new geologic ‘wonders’ far beyond anyone's expectations.Laurence Soderblom, of the USGS Branch of Astrogeologic Studies, Flagstaff, Arizona, deputy team leader of the Imaging Science Team and head of the geologic research group, said, ‘We are just beginning to catch our breath after having made preliminary interpretations of the dazzling collection of photographs.’
Applications of Geodesy to Geodynamics: 2. Rotation of the Earth and Polar Motion
Authors: Winkler G. M. R. 
Published: October 2011

Studies of the rotation of the earth and of polar motion have both interdisciplinary and global aspects, involving astronomy, geodesy and geophysics, and even cosmology, in regard to the definition of the inertial reference system. Of concern to us is the establishment of the reference system on a plastic earth, the reference in space, theoretical understanding or at least mathematical modeling of earth rotation and polar motion, the various techniques (optical versus radio; satellites versus distant references), data collection and measurement services and user requirements, and maybe most important, the introduction of new techniques with preservation of continuity in the existing services.The navigation of space probes requires accuracies of 1 to 2 ms in Universal Time and 0.02″ in polar motion, while other users have needs for time and polar motion data with the best available accuracy. Future investigations involving more and increasingly precise data will be used to establish the time span over which the data may be reliably averaged.
NASA outlines objectives of the Voyager missions to Jupiter and Saturn
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The scientific investigations of the Jupiter‐Saturn missions are multipurpose, taking data in a variety of environments. For example, the ultraviolet spectrometer studies planetary and satellite atmospheres and also interplanetary and interstellar hydrogen and helium. The magnetic fields experiment will examine the magnetospheres of the planets and also search for the transition between solar and galactic regions.It is difficult to separate ‘planetary’ from ‘interplanetary’ instruments and investigations. There is, however, another grouping.
1980–1981 Fulbright Lectureships in the USSR
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

There will be approximately 20 awards, to be administered through cooperating Soviet agencies.Award period. Applications should be for a full quarter/semester or academic year. Provision is made for a very limited number of Distinguished Professor lectureships for 4–6 weeks. Scholars must have demonstrated superior academic achievement in their age group in order to qualify for these special appointments.
Satellites to play expanded role in water resource studies
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The importance of remote sensing—examining earth's resources with airborne and satellite cameras and other devices—is bound to expand in the study, development, and protection of our water resources, according to Joseph S. Cragwall, Jr., Associate Director, U.S. Geological Survey, opening the Fifth Annual William T. Pecora Memorial Symposium on Remote Sensing.The symposium was held June 10–15, 1979, in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. Cragwall, formerly the USGS chief hydrologist, noted that satellites equipped with sophisticated electronic devices have provided scientists with a large amount of hydrologic information that could not otherwise be collected.
USGS involved in numerous international programs
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

USGS Involved in Numerous International Programs The U.S. Geological Survey, Department of the Interior, is now involved with about 100 countries in carrying out a wide variety of international earth science activities, according to H. William Menard, USGS director.In a recent address before an opening session of the Ninth International Congressof Carboniferous Stratigraphy and Geology in Washington, D.C. , Menard said that of the Survey's international activities, technical assistance provided by the Survey—mostly to developing nations—represents by far the largest share of money and scientific effort.
Reclamation award
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The University of North Dakota's Department of Aviation has been awarded a $1,035,228 contract by the Bureau of Reclamation to study downwind effects of high‐altitude cloud seeding and to train pilots for weather modification projects. The University will work closely with Reclamation's High Plains Cooperative Program (HIPLEX), the Federal research project in cloud seeding for enhanced growing‐season rainfall in the High Plains region. The 3½‐year contract will enable the flight students to receive specialized training as well as on‐the‐job experience on actual cloud‐seeding projects.‘HIPLEX scientists report indications of increased precipitation when specific types of clouds are seeded at their tops, at altitudes of 30,000 to 40,000 feet,’ Commissioner of Reclamation R. Keith Higginson said. ‘As these studies continue, the University will attempt to determine if there are effects in areas downwind from seeded clouds.’
Multimillion‐dollar oil shale project
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Equity Oil Company, as operator of the $9 million Equity/Department of Energy (DOE) in situ oil shale project, reported the commencement of project field tests involving superheated steam injections into oil shale‐bearing rocks of the Green River formation in northwestern Colorado.The project site, 35 miles southwest of Meeker, is at the geographic center of the Piceance Creek Basin, containing the world's largest single known deposit of oil shale.
Ponder names for features on Jupiter's moons
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The job of establishing geographic names for newly discovered volcanoes, impact craters, and other features on the Galilean moons of Jupiter—Io, Ganymede, Callisto, and Europa—is being tackled under international procedures, according to Harold Masursky of the U.S. Geological Survey, Department of the Interior.Masursky, a geologist with the USGS Branch of Astrogeologic Studies, Flagstaff, Arizona, is a member of the Imaging Science Team of the Voyager Project. (Voyager 1 flew by Jupiter on March 5,1979; Voyager 2 will fly by the planet on July 9, 1979.)
1978 Financial Report
Authors: Aldrich L. T. 
Published: October 2011

The balance sheet for December 31,1978 shows that the Union continues to be in a stable financial condition. However, this stability is vitally dependent on the continued good performance of the publications program. Looking ahead to what appears will be a period of economic, technological, and social uncertainty, one can not be comfortable with the slim reserve that the Union now has.The 1978 income statement shows a surplus of $353,000 which represents a significant addition to the reserve. Our staff is to be commended for its prudent management of our resources. However, this addition was earned largely through a shortfall of pages published and as of this writing it appears that much of the gain will be erased in 1979. JGR is expected to run 10% over its page budget and Water Resources Research almost 30% over budget.
Canadian‐U.S. Cloud‐Seeding Program
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Two Canadian agencies are joining with the Department of the Interior's Bureau of Reclamation to work together in the High Plains Cooperative Program of cloud‐seeding research, Interior Secretary Cecil D. Andrus said recently.Under a formal memorandum of understanding, the Canadian Atmospheric Environment Service and the National Research Council of Canada will become active partners in the Bureau research program, known as Hiplex.
James B. Macelwane Award: Citation and Acceptance of Robert Keith O'Nions
Authors: Wyllie Peter J. , O'Nions R. K. 
Published: October 2011

I have the pleasure to introduce Robert Keith O'Nions, a young man of 34, for the Macelwane Award, not because I have had anything to do with his education and research, but because I was a member of the committee this year, and we both originate from the same country. Keith O'Nions earned his B.Sc. from the University of Nottingham in 1966, traveled to Alberta for a Ph.D. in 1969, became a Postdoctoral Fellow in Oslo during 1970, joined the faculty at Oxford from 1971–1975, and moved to his present home at Columbia University in 1975.When the time came to find a citationist [sic] for him it turned out that his colleagues at Lamont‐Doherty, who were the obvious choices, were all at sea—and I admit that this is how I feel when I read some of Keith's papers. In a sense, this makes me well‐suited for this introduction, because I cannot spend time explaining his research to you. Instead, I will read to you a couple of paragraphs from his nomination for the award, written by an anonymous friend:
Fourth Workshop on Electromagnetic Induction Sees Launching of Proposed International Project
Authors: Duba A. , Shankland T. J. 
Published: October 2011

The Fourth Workshop on Electromagnetic Induction in the Earth and Moon held in the Bavarian village of Murnau, West Germany, September 6–13,1978 had two notable features: one was improved methodology and the linking of electromagnetic information to other geophysical investigations, such as heat flow or seismology; the other was formal approval of a project for international cooperation in studies of electrical anomalies associated with the asthenosphere.The workshop, sponsored by Working Group III of IAGA (International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy), was devoted to probing electrical properties of the earth from the crust down to depths of 1000 km, as inferred from (a) magnetotellurics (MT), in which both electrical and magnetic observations are made; and (b) geomagnetic deep sounding (GDS), which uses purely magnetic variations. Although the depth resolution of these methods is usually poorer than seismic methods, lateral resolution is usually better. In addition, they have the advantage that a zone of anomalously high conductivity presents a strong effect, whereas seismic waves are absorbed or deflected downward by a low‐velocity zone. It is this feature that makes MT and GDS attractive for studies of the asthenosphere. A summary of the meeting is presented below, followed by a discussion of the Soviet proposal to initiate an international program to study the electrical properties of the asthenosphere: Elas.
Lower Mississippi Region “Rich” in groundwater
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The lower Mississippi River basin region has an estimated 6.3 trillion gallons of groundwater available for use annually, or about three times current groundwater usage, according to a new U.S. Geological Survey report.The report (USGS Professional Paper 813‐N) describes groundwater resources in the 102,000‐square‐mile part of the Mississippi River basin downstream from the Ohio River and east of the Arkansas, Red, and White basins. Parts of Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Tennessee are included in the report area.
Lunar sample facility
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The tenth anniversary, July 20,1979, of man's first landing on the moon marked another significant event at the Johnson Space Center (JSC) in Houston, namely, the dedication of the new Lunar Sample Facility. To lunar scientists this event was the culmination of ten years of planning, designing, and at times even lobbying;; to a few observers in Congress and even in NASA administration the facility seemed an unnecessary and costly duplication at the planning stages, especially during the difficult years of unwinding space budgets and competing projects. It seemed natural to assume that the famous Lunar Receiving Laboratory (LRL) should have sufficed to store the lunar sample collection, but that was not the case.The problems with storage of the lunar samples became evident early in the Apollo program. First, the LRL was designed to house the astronauts while they were in quarantine. The LRL was sort of an ‘Andromeda Strain’ type laboratory, required by the Public Health Service to protect against possible dangerous disease microbes that may have been returned to earth. There was literally no room at all to store lunar samples; much less was there even a modicum of understanding of the delicate character of the samples or of the steps that would be required to protect them from the effects of the earth's atmosphere. This apparent lack of planning was understandable, however, because initially, collection of samples of the moon's surface was neither an essential part of the scientific plans nor necessarily a part of the mission at all. Actually, the original science package only included various measurements of [particles and fields,] to be collected by instrument. Even when serious efforts were made to include sample collection in the missions, astronauts were heard to say that scientists would have to be content with studying merely lunar dust that may have adhered to their boots and space suits. For obvious reasons, at that stage the astronauts were not intending to tarry on the moon.
McDonnell Douglas Gift
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

A gift of $1,848,323 to Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, in support of the McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences was made by McDonnell Douglas Corporation and presented by James S. McDonnell, McDonnell Douglas board chairman. This gift brings to over $7.5 million the total contributed by the corporation to the university for its activities in the space sciences.Established in November 1974 by a gift of $4,069,250, the Center has become well known in the space sciences and now has a staff of 56, including faculty, senior researchers, students, and technicians. Their work covers a wide span of activity, including spaceborne experiments to study cosmic rays, laboratory studies of extraterrestrial materials, astronomical observations, theoretical studies of stellar structure and general relativity, and planetary and earth sciences.
Geophysical events
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Tonga Islands eruption(s) and pumice rafts, South Pacific Ocean (all times are local, equal to GMT + 12 hours). The pumice described in last month's Bulletin continued to drift in a generally westward direction in June. In mid‐June, patches of pumice were reported near Vanua Mbalavu, Katafanga, and Yathata, small islands and atolls at the north end of the Lau Ridge (see map). The pumice at Yathata formed a strip 5 km long but only about 5 m wide. Large quantities of pumice were seen during the same period around Late Island (18.81°S, 1 74.65°W), about 400 km ESE of the Lau Group.The source of the pumice remains uncertain. In mid‐May, streaks of pumice extended back to Late Island from the main raft and the island's cone was covered with white material, which was thought to be fresh ash (see last month's Bulletin). However, activity has been reported at 3 other sites along the Tonga Arc in May and June.
Southern Appalachian data now available
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Data packages obtained by the Consortium for Continental Reflection Profiling (Cocorp) for 348 km of seismic lines in the Georgia‐Tennessee area of the southern Appalachian region are now available. The packages consist of the following:1. Basic display package of 28 prints for $90, consisting of location maps, isovelocity plots, and CDP stacked prints of six lines at each of two scales: (a) horizontally 5.6 cm = 3 km, and vertically 5.6 cm = 1 second of two‐way travel time; (b) horizontally 2.8 cm = 3 km, and vertically 2.8 cm = 1 second of two‐way travel time.
Pascals barred
Authors: Coachman L. K. 
Published: October 2011

May I contribute to the ‘tempest in a teapot’ in Forum? R. H. Bushnell (EOS, 60, July 17, 1979) chides S. A. Morse, who, in an earlier issue (EOS, 60, April 10, 1979), stated a preference for continuing use of the bar, instead of the Sl‐related pascal, as the measure of pressure for his particular work in geophysics. Bushnell said ‘we prefer the pascal.’ I do not know who is included in his regal ‘we,’ but I prefer the bar.I do not fault Bushnell's statement regarding coherence of the pascal within the SI system of units. However, I believe more considerations are involved in the choice of a unit best suited to a particular purpose than just simplicity of definition. For one thing, scientists invoke units with numerical values when they quantify in their minds visual images of physical phenomena, and therefore the more readily visualized units are to be preferred when conceptualizing relationships. And the most readily conceptualized numbers are certainly 1 to 10. For example, it seems to me to be much easier to visualize and mentally utilize surface atmospheric pressure as being about 1 bar rather than 105 pascal.
Deepest well on Idaho plain
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

An exploratory test well that reached a depth of 3164.9 m is the deepest well drilled, so far, in the eastern Snake River Plain of southeastern Idaho. The hole penetrated a large buried volcanic complex that could be a geothermal resource.The results of the drilling project are summarized in a recent report available from the U.S. Geological Survey. The report contains geological information obtained from the drilling of an exploratory geothermal test hole this year at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory in Butte County, Idaho.
Fall Meeting Fun Run
Authors: Beck Myrl A. , Burmester Russell F. , Butler Robert , Blakely Richard J. , Shive Peter N. 
Published: October 2011

This letter has two purposes: (1) to thank the committee in charge of last year's Fall AGU Fun Run for a well organized and most enjoyable race, and (2) to issue a challenge that will assure that the event is run again this year, and, hopefully becomes a recurring annual AGU institution.Last year's race at Lake Merced, on the Sunday preceding the Fall Meeting, was a great and unqualified success. Race officials (must notably race‐director/starter/timekeeper Bob Kovach) deserve every praise for providing the specific remedy for jet lag and the best possible preventative tonic for the darkened meeting rooms, obscure slides, and strong drink that lay ahead. Despite the newness of the event, several score of normally torpid theoretical geophysicists turned out to blink in the sun and follow a half‐dozen lean and sunbronzed paleomagnetists around the sparkling waters of Lake Merced in the inaugural of a sporting event that may never drive the Boston Marathon off the pages of Runner's World but nevertheless would have provided excellent footage for several prime‐time TV shows. More runners would have showed up, we understand, but for the inability of the average oceanographer, tectonophysicist, or seismologist to find the site.
Offshore oil on the East Coast
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Drilling along the eastern coast of the U.S. in the last several months has proven disappointing in returns for oil and gas prospects, although many of the close‐in leases have yet to be sampled. A very recent report from the U.S. Geological Survey on potential oil‐leasing structures further offshore, however, suggests that there may be huge deposits of oil at distances of 100 to 1 60 miles from the coast under 500 to 1000 fathoms of water and, perhaps, a mile or so of sedimentary rock overburden.The great oil‐bearing reef complex of the Reforma and Campeche shelf provinces of Mexico can be traced—with the exception of a few gaps—northward through the Gulf of Mexico and along the Atlantic continental margin of the United States, offering an attractive target for testing of oil potential, according to H. William Menard, director of the U.S.G.S.
Pioneer measures Saturn's ring structure
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The first findings about Saturn have come from early pictures of the planet returned by the Pioneer spacecraft. Pioneer completed the first trip to Saturn on September 1.These early findings show that there are roughly equal amounts of ring material in a region of the outer rings, specifically in or near Cassini's Division, and in Saturn's inner C‐ring. It is believed that there is material in Cassini's Division which separates the outer A‐ and B‐rings, but not much is known yet.
Geoscience energy research: Progress in DOE funding
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Geoscience research that is concerned with energy problems has been typified by a series of vigorous programs supported by the U.S. Department of Energy. The funding, set at approximately $6 million for fiscal 1979, is due to increase by about 30% to slightly more than $8 million for fiscal 1980. There is a clear‐cut national need for this research, and even larger increases in the future may be appropriate.Presently, energy research in the geosciences is supported by DOE ‘on site’ in national laboratories and ‘off site’ at universities. The institutions receiving support during fiscal 1979 are listed in the accompanying table, with brief descriptions of the general areas of research.
Trend toward multiple authors in research publications: Mutual funding of scientists
Authors: Fraser‐Smith A. C. 
Published: October 2011

In a recent editorial, Leopold [1979] drew attention to the large amount of time now being spent by the U.S. research community on the preparation and review of research proposals submitted to the principal federal granting agencies. More to the point of this letter, he quoted a ‘fanciful story’ by Szilard [1961] in which it was suggested that if some person or some group should ever want to bring research progress to a standstill, they could do so by establishing a competitive grants system under which all researchers would be required to prepare written proposals describing what they wished to work on. Leopold ended by suggesting that ‘perhaps it is now appropriate to ask whether Szilard's fanciful story is turning into a serious matter.’If there is any substance to Szilard's story and Leopold's concern, there should be evidence now available for a slowing down in the progress of U.S. science, since federal grants for research started to become a substantial factor in university budgets in the late fifties [Abelson, 1975]. Unfortunately, lacking a means of quantifying progress in science, it is difficult to argue objectively either for or against this slowing down. However, as I will now show, there has been a marked change in the way science is reported since the fifties.
From the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Senator Howard W. Cannon (D‐Nevada), chairman of the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, has announced that the Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space will hold hearings on legislation to establish a national weather modification policy and an associated research and development program. The hearings will be held on October 24 and 26, 1979, at 9:30 A.M. in Room 235 of the Russell Senate Office Building. Senator Adlai E. Stevenson (Dlllinois), chairman of the subcommittee, will preside.The hearings will consider S. 829, the Weather Resources Management Act of 1979, introduced by Senator Henry Bellmon (R‐Oklahoma), and S. 1644, the Weather Modification Management Act of 1979, introduced by Senator Stevenson.