bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) as the major contributor to early olive drop in northern Italy
Authors: Sanna Francesco , Mori Nicola , Santoiemma Giacomo , Pozzebon Alberto , Scaccini Davide , Marangoni Federico , Sella Luca 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In recent years, a new phenomenon of early olive drop is causing production losses in olive groves throughout northern Italy. To analyze the possible causes, field and laboratory trials were performed to assess the involvement of fungal pathogens and insect pests in this disease. External and internal symptoms of fungal infections or insect-feeding activities were researched. Fungi present in healthy and dislodged olives were investigated. The relationship between olives that fell and Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) infestation was assessed in a controlled infestation trial, and the effectiveness of an insecticidal strategy in reducing early olive drop was tested in open field conditions. A comparable number of fungi, mostly endophytes, were isolated and identified from both healthy and dislodged olives. The damage observed on dislodged olives was primarily ascribed to pentatomids feeding activity. Six stink bugs species were found in olive canopies, that is, the invasive H. halys, which was by far the most abundant, and Acrosternum heegeri Fieber, Nezara viridula (Linnaeus), Palomena prasina (Linnaeus), Piezodorus lituratus (Fabricious), and Rhaphigaster nebulosa (Poda). Halyomorpha halys caused intense fruit drop in the controlled infestation trial, and its infestation level significantly correlated with the number of olives that fell. Native stink bugs, present in much lower population compared to H. halys, could also partially contribute to early drop of olives. Insect proof net significantly reduced the early olive drop disease, while insecticide applications only partially reduced the stink bugs population density and, proportionally, early olive drop.
A deep-learning model for the density profiles of subhaloes in IllustrisTNG
Authors: Lucie-Smith Luisa , Despali Giulia , Springel Volker 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
We present a machine-learning-based model for the total density profiles of subhaloes with masses $M \gtrsim 7\times 10^8\, h^{-1}{\rm M}_\odot$ in the IllustrisTNG100 simulation. The model is based on an interpretable variational encoder (IVE) which returns the independent factors of variation in the density profiles within a low-dimensional representation, as well as the predictions for the density profiles themselves. The IVE returns accurate and unbiased predictions on all radial ranges, including the outer region profile where the subhaloes experience tidal stripping; here its fit accuracy exceeds that of the commonly used Einasto profile. The IVE discovers three independent degrees of freedom in the profiles, which can be interpreted in terms of the formation history of the subhaloes. In addition to the two parameters controlling the normalization and inner shape of the profile, the IVE discovers a third parameter that accounts for the impact of tidal stripping on to the subhalo outer profile; this parameter is sensitive to the mass loss experienced by the subhalo after its infall on to its parent halo. Baryonic physics in the IllustrisTNG galaxy formation model does not impact the number of degrees of freedom identified in the profile compared to the pure dark matter expectations, nor their physical interpretation. Our newly proposed profile fit can be used in strong lensing analyses or other observational studies which aim to constrain cosmology from small-scale structures.
The CsDof1.8–CsLIPOXYGENASE09 module regulates C9 aroma production in cucumber
Authors: Sun Yinhui , Li Xuzhen , Wang Hua , Zhang Qiongzhi , Wang Xin , Jiao Yanan , Zhang Jie , Yang Yuying , Xue Wanyu , Qian Yulei , Zhang Xiaojiang , Wang Ruochen , Chen Shuxia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Nine-carbon aldehydes and their relative alcohols (C9 aromas) are the main aroma compounds of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) fruits and provide a unique cucumber-like note. However, the key regulators of C9 aroma accumulation in cucumber fruit are poorly characterized. Based on C9 aroma dynamic analysis and transcriptome analysis during fruit development of two different cucumber inbred lines, Q16 and Q24, Lipoxygenase09 (CsLOX09) was identified as a candidate gene for C9 aroma accumulation. Additionally, Q24 with higher CsLOX09 expression accumulated more C9 aromas than Q16. To verify the function of CsLOX09, Cslox09 homozygote knockout lines were created. C9 aroma content decreased by 80.79% to 99.16% in these mutants compared to the wild type. To further explore the reasons for the difference in CsLOX09 expression between Q16 and Q24 fruits, a co-expression network was constructed by integrating the C9 aroma-associated metabolism and transcriptomic data. Eighteen candidate transcription factors were highly correlated with the expression of CsLOX09. DNA binding with One Finger 1.8 (CsDof1.8) was confirmed to bind directly to the A/TAAAG motif of the CsLOX09 promoter through dual-luciferase, yeast one-hybrid, chromatin immunoprecipitation−qPCR and electrophoretic mobility shift assays. Furthermore, C9 aroma content and CsLOX09 expression were significantly increased in the CsDof1.8 overexpression lines. Overall, these data elucidate the metabolic regulation of C9 aromas in cucumber and provide a foundation for facilitating the regulation of flavor in cucumber breeding.
‘Initially this work was done by doctors, often ineffectively …’: the History of Sexual Health Advising in twentieth-century England
Authors: Evans David 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Much has been written about the history of policy and practice on venereal diseases/sexually transmitted infections in twentieth-century England, but one key group of actors has been overlooked: sexual health advisers and their predecessors. From the introduction of venereal disease clinics c. 1918, workers variously titled hospital almoners, health visitors, contact tracers, social workers, and, latterly, sexual health advisers have been involved in a range of interconnected activities including counselling, health education, contact tracing, and seeking defaulters from treatment in the community. Leading medical venereologists have generally expressed strong support for the value of such workers, but throughout the century there has been continuing diversity in the background, employment, training, roles, and responsibilities of those workers. In the last decades of the twentieth century, sexual health advisers sought to professionalize by establishing a professional organization and seeking other professional attributes including certified training and professional registration. Although there appeared to be policy support for such steps, by the early twenty-first century a change of government disappointed such professionalization hopes. The history of sexual health advising provides a unique lens on the challenges facing occupational groups seeking to professionalize within the National Health Service.
Predictors of Physician Assistant Student Mistreatment Reporting
Authors: Hudak Nicholas M. , Akroyd Duane 
Published: June 2024

Introduction
Many physician assistant (PA) students experience mistreatment by preceptors in clinical settings though most do not report it to their institution. Nonreporting limits an institution's ability to address mistreatment and provide student support. Several reasons for nonreporting have been described in national surveys. The purpose of this study was to identify factors predictive of student reporting behavior.

Methods
This study used a nonexperimental, cross-sectional, predictive research design with quantitative analytic methods. Data were from 2 national surveys administered to PA students and programs in 2019. The sample was PA students who experienced mistreatment performed by preceptors. Logistic regression was used to identify which independent variables were predictors of student mistreatment reporting to their institution.

Results
Students were twice as likely to report mistreatment involving physical or sexual behavior compared with other types. Older students were more likely to report mistreatment than younger students. Policy factors were not significant predictors of student reporting behavior.

Discussion
Student likelihood to reporting severe forms of mistreatment indicate they recognize those behaviors as mistreatment and believe they are important enough to report. Greater likelihood of reporting by older students indicates the influence of student demographics and life experience. Policy factors and institution characteristics were not significant predictors of student reporting behavior, which suggest the limits of policy as a facilitator of mistreatment reporting. These findings have implications for educational program policy design, implementation, and evaluation, as well as underscore the need for further research to understand factors influencing students' decision to report mistreatment.
The Value of International Exchange Programs for Physician Assistants: Surveying a US-Netherlands Advanced Practice Provider Exchange Program
Authors: Wright Sara Lynne , Low Chen Der , Scribner Caroline , Chong Angela , Seligman Adam 
Published: June 2024

Introduction
International exchange programs between physician assistants (PAs) and other advanced practice providers (APPs) from different countries can facilitate opportunities for global health training and experiences. This article examines a survey of 5 PAs, 4 nurse practitioners, and 1 certified nursing specialist working in the United States (US) about their experience collaborating in an international exchange program with APPs in the Netherlands.

Methods
Ten APPs in the United States anonymously answered an 8-item survey on their experience in an international exchange program with APPs in the Netherlands with a 100% response rate. The survey contained questions regarding the impact of the program on cultural competence, professional development, and perception of health care systems.

Results
All respondents agree or strongly agree that the program contributed to APP growth in cultural competence and professional development. Eighty percent of respondents found APP practices in the United States compared with the Netherlands to be somewhat or extremely similar, with differences noted in training and education, patterns of utilization, and roles in procedures. Free responses indicate APPs are used similarly in the Netherlands and the United States, while APP training models and health care infrastructure in the 2 countries have notable differences.

Discussion
Survey results examined in this article underscore how an international exchange program can not only enrich individual professional paths but also positively contribute to the broader global health care landscape. The lessons learned, shared experiences, and insights gained have the potential to shape health care practices on an international scale, fostering a collaborative and interconnected future for health care providers worldwide.
Stereotactically intracerebral transplantation of neural stem cells for ischemic stroke attenuated inflammatory responses and promoted neurogenesis: an experimental study with monkeys
Authors: Liu Yi-Fan , Liu Hao-Tian , Chang Chuheng , Yang Cheng-Xian , Liu Xin-Nan , Wang Xia , Ge Wei , Wang Ren-Zhi , Bao Xin-Jie 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Ischemic stroke is a common neurovascular disorder with high morbidity and mortality. However, the underlying mechanism of stereotactically intracerebral transplantation of human neural stem cells (hNSCs) is not well elucidated.

Materials and methods:
Four days after ischemic stroke induced by Rose Bengal photothrombosis, seven cynomolgus monkeys were transplanted with hNSCs or vehicles stereotactically and followed up for 84 days. Behavioral assessments, magnetic resonance imaging, blood tests, and pathological analysis were performed before and after treatment. The proteome profiles of the left and right precentral gyrus and hippocampus were evaluated. Extracellular vesicle micro-RNA (miRNA) from the peripheral blood was extracted and analyzed.

Results:
hNSC transplantation reduced the remaining infarcted lesion volume of cynomolgus monkeys with ischemic stroke without remarkable side effects. Proteomic analyses indicated that hNSC transplantation promoted GABAergic and glutamatergic neurogenesis and restored the mitochondrial electron transport chain function in the ischemic infarcted left precentral gyrus or hippocampus. Immunohistochemical staining and quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR confirmed the promoting effects on neurogenesis and revealed that hNSCs attenuated post-infarct inflammatory responses by suppressing resident glia activation and mediating peripheral immune cell infiltration. Consistently, miRNA-sequencing revealed the miRNAs that were related to these pathways were downregulated after hNSC transplantation.

Conclusions:
This study indicates that hNSCs can be effectively and safely used to treat ischemic stroke by promoting neurogenesis, regulating post-infarct inflammatory responses, and restoring mitochondrial function in both the infarct region and hippocampus.
Efficacy and safety of robotic vs. laparoscopic gastrectomy for patients with gastric cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Zhenshun , Zhou Wei , Yang Wanli , Miao Yan , Zhang Yujie , Duan Lili , niu Liaoran , Chen Junfeng , Fan Aqiang , Xie Qibin , Wei Siyu , Bai Han , Wang Chenyang , Chen Xi , Han Yu , Hong Liu 
Published: June 2024

Background:
The emergence of robotic surgical systems compensated for the technological shortcomings of laparoscopic approaches. However, whether robotic gastrectomy (RG) has better perioperative outcomes and survival than laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) for gastric cancer (GC) is still unclear but increasingly drawing attention.

Materials and methods:
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library as of 20 January 2024, and referenced a list of eligible articles for all published studies comparing RG and LG for patients with GC. Data on study characteristics, individual characteristics, and outcome parameters were extracted. The quality of studies was assessed using the Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias 2 tool and the risk of bias in nonrandomized studies of interventions tool. The main outcome measures were overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).

Results:
The authors identified 3641 articles, of which 72 studies (30 081 patients) were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with LG, RG was associated with higher OS [hazard ratio (HR)=0.89, 95% CI=0.83–0.96], lower rate of overall postoperative complications [odds ratio (OR)=0.77, 95% CI=0.71–0.84], longer operating time [mean difference (MD)=35.53, 95% CI=29.23–41.83], less estimated blood loss (MD=−37.45, 95% CI=−46.24 to −28.67), a higher number of retrieved lymph nodes (MD=1.88, 95% CI=0.77–3.00), faster postoperative recovery, and lower rate of conversion (OR=0.44, 95% CI=0.36–0.55). Mortality and DFS were not significantly different between the two groups. The subgroup of meta-analysis results also showed the advantages of robotic surgery over laparoscopic surgery in intracorporeal reconstruction, total gastrectomy, Ⅰ/Ⅱ stage, and BMI≥25, especially for patients with stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ, there are better OS and DFS.

Conclusion:
Our findings point to robotic surgery having great benefits compared with laparoscopic surgery in GC. Our study may help inform decision-making in applying robotic surgical systems to clinical treatment.
ICU management of cardiogenic shock before mechanical support
Authors: Schaubroeck Hannah , Rossberg Michelle , Thiele Holger , Pöss Janine 
Published: June 2024

Purpose of review
Treatment of cardiogenic shock remains largely driven by expert consensus due to limited evidence from randomized controlled trials. In this review, we aim to summarize the approach to the management of patients with cardiogenic shock in the ICU prior to mechanical circulatory support (MCS).

Recent findings
Main topics covered in this article include diagnosis, monitoring, initial management and key aspects of pharmacological therapy in the ICU for patients with cardiogenic shock.

Summary
Despite efforts to improve therapy, short-term mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock is still reaching 40–50%. Early recognition and treatment of cardiogenic shock are crucial, including early revascularization of the culprit lesion with possible staged revascularization in acute myocardial infarction (AMI)-CS. Optimal volume management and vasoactive drugs titrated to restore arterial pressure and perfusion are the cornerstone of cardiogenic shock therapy. The choice of vasoactive drugs depends on the underlying cause and phenotype of cardiogenic shock. Their use should be limited to the shortest duration and lowest possible dose. According to recent observational evidence, assessment of the complete hemodynamic profile with a pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) was associated with improved outcomes and should be considered early in patients not responding to initial therapy or with unclear shock. A multidisciplinary shock team should be involved early in order to identify potential candidates for temporary and/or durable MCS.
Normal sonographic measurements for kidney dimensions in Saudi adult population: A cross-sectional prospective study
Authors: Alyami Ali S. , Majrashi Naif A. , Elbashir Meaad , Ali Sarra , Shubayr Nasser , Refaee Turkey , Ageeli Wael , Madkhali Yahia , Abdelrazig Ali , Althobity Abdullah A. , Alwadani Bandar , AlShammari Qurain Turki , Hendi Ali M. 
Published: June 2024

Background:
The use of ultrasound-based measurements to determine renal size has proven valuable in the diagnosis of renal function and associated disorders. The dimensions of the abdominal organs are affected by an individual’s body age, height, sex, and weight. The objective of this study was to establish the standard sonographic parameters for renal dimensions and to determine the correlation between body measurements and renal dimensions in a population of healthy adults residing in Jazan City, Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
The present study was a prospective study conducted at a single center located in Jazan City from February to August 2022. Ninety-five participants underwent abdominal ultrasonography. The process of measuring renal size through sonography entails the measurement of various dimensions of the kidney, such as renal length, width, and thickness. The demographic information of the participants, including their sex, age, height, and weight, was documented. All analyses were performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences v27 software.

Results:
The dimensions of the right kidney, specifically the length, width, and thickness, had mean value of 9.79 centimeters (cm), 5.09 cm, and 4.10 cm, respectively. The left kidney had mean dimensions of 10.1 cm, 5.09 cm, and 4.10 cm for length, width, and thickness, respectively. The left kidney was larger than the right kidney. Furthermore, male participants exhibited larger kidney measurements than their female counterparts did. A noteworthy positive correlation was observed between the thickness of the left kidney and sex, whereas no significant correlations were found with age, weight, or height.

Conclusion:
The current study revealed that the kidney dimensions were observed to be larger in males as compared to females. The research findings indicate that there is no significant correlation between kidney dimensions and various demographic factors, such as age, height, weight, and sex. In addition, this study provides reference tables for further use.
Bottlenecks to Learning Evidence-Based Practice
Authors: Kistler K. Brooke , Tyndall Deborah E. , Peery Annette 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Evidence-based practice (EBP) competency is an expected outcome of baccalaureate education; however, research indicates nursing graduates enter practice with competency gaps.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to explore the challenges accelerated baccalaureate students experience when learning the steps of EBP.

Methods:
A qualitative, descriptive design was used to identify bottlenecks to student learning.

Results:
Learning the steps of EBP in an accelerated format was challenging for students. Data analysis revealed 3 types of bottlenecks that stalled learning: cognitive, procedural, and emotional.

Conclusions:
Faculty build EBP competency by making explicit the steps that help students progress. Scaffolded learning, collaborative partnerships, and reflective practices are recommended to support student learning in accelerated formats.
Neck Point-of-Care Ultrasound for the Identification of Tongue-Base Cysts in Infants With Stridor
Authors: Tomita Keiichi , Nosaka Shunsuke , Kuroki Koushin , Koinuma Goro , Morimoto Noriko , Ishiguro Akira , Uematsu Satoko 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Tongue-base cysts, which are occasionally categorized as vallecular cysts, are a rare yet potentially life-threatening cause of stridor in pediatric patients. Studies reporting the use of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) to identify tongue-base cysts are lacking. We present the case series of four infants in whom tongue-base cysts were detected using neck POCUS.
Practice Facilitation and Clinical Performance Feedback Using the Electronic Health Record Improved Blood Pressure and Cholesterol Management in Small Primary Care Practices in New York City
Authors: Tabaei Bahman P. , De Leon Samantha , Glenn Lily , Pham-Singer Hang 
Published: June 2024

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) disproportionately affects people of color and those with lower household income. Improving blood pressure (BP) and cholesterol management for those with or at risk for CVD can improve health outcomes. The New York City Department of Health implemented clinical performance feedback with practice facilitation (PF) in 134 small primary care practices serving on average over 84% persons of color. Facilitators reviewed BP and cholesterol management data on performance dashboards and guided practices to identify and outreach to patients with suboptimal BP and cholesterol management. Despite disruptions from the COVID-19 pandemic, practices demonstrated significant improvements in BP (68%-75%, P < .001) and cholesterol management (72%-78%, P = .01). Prioritizing high-need neighborhoods for impactful resource investment, such as PF and data sharing, may be a promising approach to reducing CVD and hypertension inequities in areas heavily impacted by structural racism.