bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional Prototissues Using Artificial Cells as Building Blocks and Their Biomedical Applications
Authors: Zhang Xiangxiang , Li Chao , Yang Boyu , Wang Weichen , Zhao Jingjing , Zhao Wan , Dong Mingdong , Han Xiaojun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe construction of living systems from the bottom‐up helps to explore the complex processes of life and to understand their working mechanism. Prototissues, constructed using artificial cells as building blocks, mimic life systems at a high‐order tissue level, whilst artificial cells usually mimic living cells at the individual cell level. The 3D biomimetic prototissues demonstrate exceptional performances and collective functions, which reveal the working mechanisms of living tissues and hold promising potential for biomedical applications. This review systematically summarized the research progress of the field of prototissues. The engineering methods for fabricating two types of prototissues are introduced first, followed by the functions of prototissues including collective behaviors and signal communications, as well as their biomedical applications. The challenges and future trends are proposed at the end of the paper.
Sophisticated Structural Ceramics Shaped from 3D Printed Hydrogel Preceramic Skeleton
Authors: Xu Xin , Wang Yixian , Liu Desheng , Yang Xingxing , Lu Yaozhong , Jiang Pan , Wang Xiaolong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractShaping ceramic materials into sophisticated architecture with 3D hierarchical structure is desirable in multiapplication yet remains challenge due to their brittle and stiff nature. Herein, a new method to achieve ceramic architectures with unsupported and large‐spanning structure by shaping vat photopolymerization 3D printed hydrogel preceramic skeleton with unique flexible and deformable character is proposed. Specifically, the present photopolymerizable hydrogel preceramic achieves one stone, two birds: the photosensitive polymer matrix coupled with ceramic nanoparticles for the first shaping by vat photopolymerization 3D printing and the secondary plasticity of the 3D printed ceramic body through flexible shape deformation of hydrogel networks. Inorganic binder aluminum dihydrogen phosphate serves as hydrogel dispersion medium to achieve ultralow shrinkage photopolymerization ceramic. Compared with conventional polymer‐derived photocuring ceramics, the linear shrinkage of lamina structure is solely 2%, and which of cubic ceramic structure is just 13.3%. More importantly, one 3D printed preceramic is conducted to reshape repeatedly myriad constructions, realizing reusability of intrinsic brittle ceramic, improving manufacturing fault tolerance rate. Finally, a variety of paradigms for ceramic structure applications are proposed toward stereo circuit, biomedicine, and catalytic applications, breaking the limitation of intrinsic brittleness of ceramic in high‐precision manufacturing of complex ceramic devices.
Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance in Vacancy‐Filling Heuslers due to Kondo‐Like Effect
Authors: Chen Jiajun , Dong Zirui , Li Qizhu , Ge Binghui , Zhang Jiye , Zhang Yubo , Luo Jun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo improve thermoelectric efficiency, various tactics have been employed with considerable success to decouple intertwined material attributes. However, the integration of magnetism, derived from the unique spin characteristic that other methods cannot replicate, has been comparatively underexplored and presents an ongoing intellectual challenge. A previous research has shown that vacancy‐filling Heuslers offer a highly adaptable framework for modulating thermoelectric properties. Here, it is demonstrated how intrinsic magnetic‐electrical‐thermal coupling can enhance the thermoelectric performance of vacancy‐filling Heusler alloys. The materials, Nb0.75Ti0.25FeCrxSb with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1, feature a fraction of magnetic Cr ions that randomly occupy the vacancy sites of the Nb0.75Ti0.25FeSb half‐Heusler matrix. These alloys achieve a remarkable thermoelectric figure of merit (zT) of 1.21 at 973 K, owing to increased Seebeck coefficient and decreased thermal conductivity. The mechanism is primarily due to the introduction of magnetism, which increases the density‐of‐states effective mass (reaching levels up to 15 times that of a free electron's mass) and simultaneously reduces the electronic thermal conductivity. Mass and strain‐field fluctuations further reduce the lattice thermal conductivity. Even higher zT values can potentially be achieved by carefully balancing electron mobility and effective mass. This work underscores the substantial prospects for exploiting magnetic‐electrical‐thermal synergies in cutting‐edge thermoelectric materials.
A Fully‐Bioresorbable Nanostructured Molybdenum Oxide‐Based Electrode for Continuous Multi‐Analyte Electrochemical Sensing
Authors: Fernandes Catarina , Franceschini Filippo , Smets Jorid , Deschaume Olivier , Rusli Nurul , Bartic Carmen , Ameloot Rob , Baert Kitty , Ustarroz Jon , Taurino Irene 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBioresorbable electrochemical sensors remain mostly unexplored despite their ability to provide continuous in situ measurements of critical biomarkers. The primary challenge arises from the direct exposure of the electrodes’ thin metal films to biofluids, which poses difficulties in ensuring both proper operational lifetimes and sensing performance. Molybdenum (Mo) presents itself as a promising biometal due to its uniquely gradual dissolution in biofluids, facilitated by the formation of a slower‐dissolving MoOx surface layer. Consequently, carefully engineered MoOx films can endow transient electrochemical sensors with unparalleled stability during extended operational lifetimes. Herein an unprecedented sensor architecture achieved via the unique pairing of sputtered Mo and MoOx thin films, probed as a pH and dissolved oxygen sensor is reported. Compared to a bare Mo electrode, a bilayer Mo+MoOx electrode subjected to post‐deposition annealing (400 °C, 60 min, N2 environment) displayed a largely improved stability (>24 h) in solution and demonstrated predictable functionality during ongoing film dissolution at 37 °C. Collectively, this work establishes a pioneering strategy for the fabrication of reliable and clinically relevant implantable electrochemical sensors.
Flexible, Wearable Mechano‐Acoustic Sensors for Real‐Time, Wireless Monitoring of Low Frequency Body Sounds
Authors: Hoang Trung Thien , Cunio Alexander Mark , Zhao Sinuo , Nguyen Thanh‐Vinh , Peng Shuhua , Liaw Stephanie , Barber Tracie , Zhang Jin , Farajikhah Syamak , Dehghani Fariba , Do Thanh Nho , Phan Hoang‐Phuong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMeasurements of low‐frequency physiological signals, such as heart rate and pulse waves, play an essential role in biomedical applications for the early diagnosis of abnormal cardiovascular activities. Recent advances in flexible mechanical electronics represent a novel concept of miniaturized, wearable sensors for heart rate measurement that can be used in ambulatory environments. However, most mechanical sensors require the sensing element to be placed directly on the skin surface, which can lead to performance degradation or device damage due to significant skin deformation or external forces from skin‐object interactions. This work addresses this challenge by developing soft, stretchable mechano‐acoustic sensing platforms where all sensing components are not directly subjected to skin movement or deformation. Instead, this design allows cardiovascular pulse waves to propagate through a hollow, flexible microchannel, to vibrate the piezoresistive sensing element. Experimental studies demonstrate a complete wireless sensing system capable of detecting pulse waves and heart rates, with results consistent with those of commercially available devices. The proposed sensing concept allows for the develop of other wireless and flexible sensing systems such as a flexible air‐channel pad for detecting swallowing patterns from users’ laryngeal movements, facilitating a non‐invasive and remote platform for potential monitoring, and assessment of dysphagia.
Mapping Brain Synergy Dysfunction in Schizophrenia: Understanding Individual Differences and Underlying Molecular Mechanisms
Authors: Ding Chaoyue , Li Ang , Xie Sangma , Tian Xiaohan , Li Kunchi , Fan Lingzhong , Yan Hao , Chen Jun , Chen Yunchun , Wang Huaning , Guo Hua , Yang Yongfeng , Lv Luxian , Wang Huiling , Zhang Hongxing , Lu Lin , Zhang Dai , Zhang Zhanjun , Wang Meng , Jiang Tianzi , Liu Bing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo elucidate the brain‐wide information interactions that vary and contribute to individual differences in schizophrenia (SCZ), an information‐resolved method is employed to construct individual synergistic and redundant interaction matrices based on regional pairwise BOLD time‐series from 538 SCZ and 540 normal controls (NC). This analysis reveals a stable pattern of regionally‐specific synergy dysfunction in SCZ. Furthermore, a hierarchical Bayesian model is applied to deconstruct the patterns of whole‐brain synergy dysfunction into three latent factors that explain symptom heterogeneity in SCZ. Factor 1 exhibits a significant positive correlation with Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) positive scores, while factor 3 demonstrates significant negative correlations with PANSS negative and general scores. By integrating the neuroimaging data with normative gene expression information, this study identifies that each of these three factors corresponded to a subset of the SCZ risk gene set. Finally, by combining data from NeuroSynth and open molecular imaging sources, along with a spatially heterogeneous mean‐field model, this study delineates three SCZ synergy factors corresponding to distinct symptom profiles and implicating unique cognitive, neurodynamic, and neurobiological mechanisms.
Forty‐two years of no‐tillage and cover cropping improved soil oxygen availability and resilience
Authors: Lussich Facundo , Dhaliwal Jashanjeet Kaur , Wright Wesley , Saha Debasish 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHealthy soil air–water balance is critical for crop growth. Conservation agricultural practices improve soil physical properties to influence soil oxygen availability. We evaluated the impact of 42 years of hairy vetch (HV) cover cropping (CC), and no‐tillage (NT) on soil oxygen dynamics during a cotton growing season experiencing multiple intensive rain events in silt loam soil. The HV and NT treatments exhibited higher growing season soil oxygen availability (p < 0.05) and experienced three to four times fewer hours of oxygen limitation (i.e., oxygen concentration <10%) as compared to no cover crop (NC) and conventional tillage (CT) treatments. After a heavy rainfall, NT–HV treatment exhibited the highest soil oxygen availability, followed by NT–NC, CT–HV, and CT–NC treatments (p < 0.05). While CC and/or NT treatments quickly regained soil oxygen status within 24 h after saturating rain events, CT–NC suffered from sub‐optimal soil aeration until the third day after rainfall cessation. The combination of CC with NT practices enhanced soil oxygen availability and resilience to extreme precipitation events.Core Ideas
Long‐term cover cropping and no‐tillage practices enhanced soil oxygen availability following extreme precipitation events.
Cover cropping and no‐tillage practices reduced the duration of anoxia experienced by cotton crops during the growing season by three‐ to four‐fold.
Combined cover cropping and no‐tillage implementation exhibited the most significant impact in mitigating immediate soil oxygen stress after heavy rainfall events.
Biological maturation, fat mass and cardiorespiratory fitness in prepubescent girls: A mediation analysis
Authors: Luz Leonardo Gomes de Oliveira , da Silva Danilo Rodrigues Pereira , Henrique Rafael dos Santos , Giudicelli Bruno Barbosa , Coelho e Silva Manuel João 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe association between indicators of maturation and measures of physical fitness are not well correlated and vary according to chronological age, sex, body size, and motor characteristics. It is known that chronological age, maturation, and fat mass are significant predictors of cardiorespiratory fitness in girls, however, the contributions of fat mass to the relationship between maturation and endurance performance are still unclear.ObjectiveThe current study aimed to examine whether the association between somatic maturation and running performance in the 20‐m shuttle‐run in girls is mediated by estimated fat mass.MethodsThe sample comprised 67 girls, aged 8.00–8.99 years. Stature, body mass, and skinfolds were measured. Estimates of body composition and predicted mature stature (PMS) were then calculated. Current stature was expressed as a percentage of PMS and somatic maturation was given by z‐scores of the percentage of PMS. Mediation analysis was performed using the bias‐corrected bootstrap approach with 5000 resamples in order to obtain estimates of total, direct, and indirect effects of z‐scores of the percentage of PMS on 20‐m shuttle‐run performance mediated by fat mass.ResultsThe results show that fat mass mediated the negative effect of biological maturation on 20‐m shuttle‐run performance in the observed sample of prepubescent girls (Indirect effect: β = −0.177, 95%CI: −0.291 to −0.059).ConclusionAlthough the participants were prepubescent girls, poorer aerobic running performance appeared to be partly due to increased levels of fat mass.
The formation approaches of volatile compounds in Chinese traditional hot‐pressed fragrant rapeseed oil
Authors: Wang Xiangyu , Li Xiaolong , Hui Ju , Huang Honggang , Sun Dongzhe , Chu Baijun , Zhao Huimin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHot‐pressed fragrant rapeseed oil (HFRO) is a traditional edible oil in China, prized for its special flavor, which includes fresh, spicy, pungent and roasted fragrance. The fresh fragrance is mainly brought by aldehydes, ketones, esters, alcohols and other substances produced by fat oxidation. The pungent fragrance is mainly caused by thiocyanates and isothiocyanates produced by the degradation of glucosinolates. Roasting aroma is usually brought by pyrazines and furans produced by Maillard reaction. Both the composition of the rapeseed and the processing techniques employed are critical in shaping these flavor components. An optimal processing temperature for HFRO is around 150°C. Rapeseed varieties with higher glucosinolates content are preferred for producing oils with a pronounced spicy, whereas those with lower glucosinolates levels are suitable for a stronger roasted aroma. The moisture content of the rapeseed should ideally be maintained between 10% and 15% to optimize flavor development. This study elucidates the primary pathways for volatile compound production in HFRO and discusses future prospects and research directions for the enhancement of rapeseed oil, offering a scientific foundation for the modern processing and quality control of rapeseed oil.
Similarity calculation based on homomorphic encryption
Authors: Chen Abel C. H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn recent years, some homomorphic encryption algorithms have been proposed to provide additive homomorphic encryption and multiplicative homomorphic encryption. However, similarity measures are required for searches and queries under homomorphic encrypted ciphertexts. Therefore, this study considers cosine similarity, angular similarity, Tanimoto similarity, and soft cosine similarity and combines homomorphic encryption algorithms for similarity calculation to propose homomorphic encryption‐based cosine similarity (HE‐CS), homomorphic encryption‐based angular similarity (HE‐AS), homomorphic encryption‐based Tanimoto similarity (HE‐TS), and homomorphic encryption‐based soft cosine similarity (HE‐SCS). This study proposes mathematical models to prove the proposed homomorphic encryption‐based similarity calculation methods and gives practical cases to explain the feasibility of the proposed HE‐CS, HE‐AS, HE‐TS, and HE‐SCS. Furthermore, this study proposes normalized entropy and normalized Gini impurity as evaluation factors to measure the randomness and confusion of ciphertext. In experiments, the values of normalized entropy and normalized Gini impurity are higher than 0.999, which indicates significant differences between plaintexts and ciphertexts. Moreover, the encryption time and decryption time of the proposed homomorphic encryption‐based similarity calculation methods have been evaluated under different security strengths.
ℓ2−ℓ∞ tracking control for multidelayed systems under accumulation‐based event‐triggered protocol
Authors: Li Huan , Wei Guoliang , Ju Yamei , Hu Hongxiao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this paper, the tracking control problem is investigated for a class of discrete‐time multidelayed systems under the accumulation‐based event‐triggered protocol. The considered phenomena of multidelays, which are extremely common in the real world, include the time‐varying delays and the constant delays. The accumulation‐based event‐triggered protocol is deployed in the communication from sensors to the remote tracking controller in order to alleviate the communication burden. By utilizing the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional and matrix inequality technology, sufficient conditions are presented to guarantee the exponential stability of the tracking error and the
performance, and the controller gain is subsequently designed. Finally, a simulation example is conducted to verify the validity of the developed tracking control scheme.
Finite time stability of ρ‐Caputo neural network systems
Authors: Rhaima Mohamed , Chen Liping , Mchiri Lassaad , Ben Makhlouf Abdellatif 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this article, we will examine the finite time stability (FTS) of
‐Caputo neural network fractional systems (NNFS) with an order of
. Utilizing technical inequalities such as Gronwall and Hölder inequalities, we present some FTS results. Two numerical examples are provided to illustrate the theoretical findings.
Impact of immune checkpoint inhibitors on survival outcomes in advanced gastric cancer in Japan: A real‐world analysis
Authors: Kadono Toru , Iwasa Satoru , Hirose Toshiharu , Hirano Hidekazu , Okita Natsuko , Shoji Hirokazu , Takashima Atsuo , Kato Ken 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundNivolumab was approved for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer in 2017 in Japan. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of nivolumab in a real‐world clinical setting.MethodsThis single‐institutional retrospective study included patients with advanced gastric or esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma and a history of first‐line chemotherapy with platinum‐based doublet or triplet regimens between 2010 and 2020. To assess the impact of nivolumab on survival, the patients were divided based on the year of nivolumab approval into a pre‐2017 (2010–2016) group and a post‐2017 (2017–2020) group.ResultsFrom a total of 1918 patients, 1093 were excluded. There were 533 patients in the pre‐2017 group and 292 in the post‐2017 group. Immune checkpoint inhibitors were used significantly more often in the post‐2017 group than in the pre‐2017 group (8.6% vs. 47.9%). Median overall survival was significantly longer in the post‐2017 group (16.9 vs. 13.9 months; hazard ratio [HR] 0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.63–0.90; p < 0.01). The proportion of patients transitioning to third‐line treatment was higher in the post‐2017 group than in the pre‐2017 group (56.3% vs. 43.8%, p < 0.01). Median survival outcomes following progression on second‐line treatment were significantly longer in the post‐2017 group (4.3 vs. 3.2 months; HR 0.70, 95% CI 0.57–0.86; p < 0.01).ConclusionThe proportion of patients transitioning to third‐line treatment and survival outcomes following progression on second‐line treatment have improved since the approval of nivolumab. This drug might help to prolong overall survival in real‐world practice.
Breathing techniques in the treatment of depression: A scoping review and proposal for classification
Authors: French Jasmine , Brown Richard J. , Bell Tobyn 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundBreathing practices are increasingly being utilised in therapeutic interventions for mental health problems, including depression. One of the challenges of evaluating the impact of breathing exercises on the treatment of depression is the variability in the type of exercises used.AimsTo bring greater clarity in this area, this scoping review aimed to identify, categorise and synthesise breathing interventions that have been evaluated for depression, in order to inform further research and reviews.MethodA thematic synthesis approach was used to analyse the descriptions of breathing interventions in order to categorise these via their common features.ResultsThirty papers were included in the final synthesis. Main themes developed from thematic synthesis were related to procedural aspects of breathing interventions, namely: attention and awareness, using the body and senses, and paced breathing. Clinical implications and suggestions for further research are discussed.
Regulation of Autophagy Signaling Pathways by Ginseng Saponins: A Review
Authors: Zhuang Zhu‐Jun , Li Fa‐Jing , Lv Di , Duan Heng‐Qian , Chen Lin‐Yi , Chen Peng , Shen Zhi‐Qiang , He Bo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGinseng saponins (ginsenosides), bioactive compounds derived from ginseng, are widely used natural products with potent therapeutic properties in the management of various ailments, particularly tumors, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and immune system disorders. Autophagy, a highly regulated and multistep process involving the breakdown of impaired organelles and macromolecules by autophagolysosomes and autophagy‐related genes (ATGs), has gained increasing attention as a potential target for ginsenoside‐mediated disease treatment. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent research advances in the understanding of autophagy‐related signaling pathways and the role of ginsenoside‐mediated autophagy regulation. By delving into the intricate autophagy signaling pathways underpinning the pharmacological properties of ginsenosides, we highlight their therapeutic potential in addressing various conditions. Our findings serve as a comprehensive reference for further investigation into the medicinal properties of ginseng or ginseng‐related products.
Antileishmanial and Antifungal Activities of Volatile Oils from Cinnamomum Cassia Bark and Schinus Molle Leaves
Authors: da Silva Aternoskaires S. R. , Fernandes Cassia C. , dos Santos Daiane A. , Mazza Marya C. M. , Silva Jackson B. A. , Magalhães Lizandra G. , Pires Regina H. , Miranda Mayker L. D. , Crotti Antônio E. M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study reports on the chemical composition and antileishmanial and anticandidal activities of volatile oils (VOs) of Schinus molle dried leaves (SM), Cinnamomum cassia branch bark (CC) and their blends. Major constituents of SM were spathulenol (26.93 %), β‐caryophyllene (19.90 %), and caryophyllene oxide (12.69 %), whereas (E)‐cinnamaldehyde (60.11 %), cinnamyl acetate (20.90 %) and cis‐2‐methoxycinnamic acid (10.37 %) were predominant in CC. SM (IC50=21.45 μg/mL) and CC (IC50=23.27 μg/mL) displayed good activity against L. amazonensis promastigotes, besides having good or moderate activity against nine Candida strains, with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values ranging from 31.25 to 250 μg/mL. While the three SM and CC blends were not more active than the VOs tested individually, they exhibited remarkably high antileishmanial activity, with IC50 values ranging between 3.12 and 7.04 μg/mL, which is very similar to the IC50 of amphotericin B (positive control).