bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The mediating role of pro-environmental attitude and intention on the translation from climate change health risk perception to pro-environmental behavior
Authors: Shen Tao , Rasdi Irniza Binti , Ezani Nor Eliani Binti , San Ong Tze 
Published: April 2024

AbstractClimate change is a serious environmental issue appearing in China. As a public service institution operating around the clock, the negative impact of hospitals on the environment is evident, promoting their workers’ pro-environmental behavior (PEB) through increasing climate change health risk perception (CHRP) is an effective method to protect the environment and achieve sustainable development. This study investigates how CHRP shapes pro-environmental attitude (PEA), pro-environmental intention (PEI), and pro-environmental behavior (PEB) among hospital workers. Using structural equation modeling (SEM) to determine the chain of causation from CHRP to PEB among hospital workers. The result shows that CHRP positively affects PEA and PEI, and PEI positively affects their PEB. In addition, although CHRP has no significant direct effect on PEB, it can play a crucial indirect effect through the mediating role of PEI. Moreover, the result of multiple regression shows that there are significant differences regarding PEA, PEI, and PEB.
Time localized tilted beams in nearly-degenerate laser cavities
Authors: Bartolo A. , Vigne N. , Marconi M. , Beaudoin G. , Pantzas K. , Sagnes I. , Garnache A. , Giudici M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe show that nearly-degenerate Vertical External-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers may emit a set of tilted beams of individually addressable mode-locked pulses. These time localized beams feature a Gaussian profile and they are emitted in pairs with opposite transverse k-vector. Because they are phase locked, their interference leads to a non homothetic pattern in the near-field emission of the laser. In the simplest situation, when a single pair is emitted, this is a stripe pattern. Our analysis discloses the role of third order (spherical) aberrations of the cavity in stabilizing this spatio-temporal mode-locked regime and in selecting the value of the transverse k-vector.
Effects of freeze–thaw on bank soil mechanical properties and bank stability
Authors: Yang Zhen , Mou Xianyou , Ji Honglan , Liang Zhihao , Zhang Jianghao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRiverbank instability in the seasonally frozen zone is primarily caused by freeze–thaw erosion. Using the triaxial freeze–thaw test on the bank of Shisifenzi Bend in the Yellow River section of Inner Mongolia, we investigated the changes in the mechanical properties of the soil at different freezing temperatures and freeze–thaw times, and analyzed the bank’s stability before and after freezing based on the finite element strength reduction method. The results showed that the elastic modulus, cohesion, internal friction angle and shear strength of the soil tended to decrease with the increase in the number of freeze–thaw cycles and the decrease in freezing temperature. After 10 freezing cycles at − 5 ℃, − 10 ℃, − 15 ℃ and − 20 ℃, the modulus of elasticity of soil decreased by 40.84 ~ 68.70%, the cohesion decreased by 41.96 ~ 56.66%, the shear strength decreased by 41.92 ~ 57.32%, respectively. Moreover, the stability safety coefficient of bank slope decreased by 18.58% after freeze–thaw, indicating that the freeze–thaw effect will significantly reduce the stability of bank slope, and the bank slope is more likely to be destabilized and damaged after freeze–thaw.
Snow avalanches are a primary climate-linked driver of mountain ungulate populations
Authors: White Kevin S. , Hood Eran , Wolken Gabriel J. , Peitzsch Erich H. , Bühler Yves , Wikstrom Jones Katreen , Darimont Chris T. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSnow is a major, climate-sensitive feature of the Earth’s surface and catalyst of fundamentally important ecosystem processes. Understanding how snow influences sentinel species in rapidly changing mountain ecosystems is particularly critical. Whereas effects of snow on food availability, energy expenditure, and predation are well documented, we report how avalanches exert major impacts on an ecologically significant mountain ungulate - the coastal Alaskan mountain goat (Oreamnos americanus). Using long-term GPS data and field observations across four populations (421 individuals over 17 years), we show that avalanches caused 23−65% of all mortality, depending on area. Deaths varied seasonally and were directly linked to spatial movement patterns and avalanche terrain use. Population-level avalanche mortality, 61% of which comprised reproductively important prime-aged individuals, averaged 8% annually and exceeded 22% when avalanche conditions were severe. Our findings reveal a widespread but previously undescribed pathway by which snow can elicit major population-level impacts and shape demographic characteristics of slow-growing populations of mountain-adapted animals.
Identification and affinity enhancement of T-cell receptor targeting a KRASG12V cancer neoantigen
Authors: Zhang Mengyu , Xu Wei , Luo Lingjie , Guan Fenghui , Wang Xiangyao , Zhu Pei , Zhang Jianhua , Zhou Xuyu , Wang Feng , Ye Sheng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNeoantigens derived from somatic mutations in Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog (KRAS), the most frequently mutated oncogene, represent promising targets for cancer immunotherapy. Recent research highlights the potential role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele A*11:01 in presenting these altered KRAS variants to the immune system. In this study, we successfully generate and identify murine T-cell receptors (TCRs) that specifically recognize KRAS8–16G12V from three predicted high affinity peptides. By determining the structure of the tumor-specific 4TCR2 bound to KRASG12V-HLA-A*11:01, we conduct structure-based design to create and evaluate TCR variants with markedly enhanced affinity, up to 15.8-fold. This high-affinity TCR mutant, which involved only two amino acid substitutions, display minimal conformational alterations while maintaining a high degree of specificity for the KRASG12V peptide. Our research unveils the molecular mechanisms governing TCR recognition towards KRASG12V neoantigen and yields a range of affinity-enhanced TCR mutants with significant potential for immunotherapy strategies targeting tumors harboring the KRASG12V mutation.
A protocol for controlled reactivity shift in the 2,2-difluorovinyl motif used for selective S–18F and C–18F bond formation
Authors: Maqbool Mudasir , Jakobsson Jimmy Erik , Alluri Santosh Reddy , Kramer Vasko , Riss Patrick Johannes 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPositron emission tomography (PET) is a powerful imaging technique for biomedical research, drug development and medical diagnosis. The power of PET lies in biochemically selective radiotracers, labelled with positron emitters like fluorine-18 image chemical processes in vivo. A rapid and remarkably efficient, unprecedented protocol to select between S-F and C-F bond formation based on activation of 1,1-difluoroethylene groups followed by selective oxidation or reduction is described. While transition metal mediated conditions can be employed, the reaction proceeds in high yield using unobjectionable chemical reagents amenable to routine radiotracer production. The latter bodes well for facile clinical translation of the method. The new technique affords radiotracers and the labelling reagent 2,2-difluoro-2-(fluoro-18F)ethyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate ([18F]1b) in excellent yield. Following oxygenation of the reaction mixture with medical oxygen or air, sulfonyl fluorides are obtained as the primary product. The new protocol was employed in a proof of principle to develop a radiometric assay for quantitation of sulfonylation yield with sulfonyl fluoride reagents. With operational ease and mild conditions, the method bodes a high potential for radiolabelling of biomolecules, known enzyme inhibitors and other temperature-sensitive compounds.
Discovery of an Aldo-Keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) degrader
Authors: Carmona Angelica V. , Jonnalagadda Shirisha , Case Alfie M. , Maddeboina Krishnaiah , Jonnalagadda Sravan K. , Dow Louise F. , Duan Ling , Penning Trevor M. , Trippier Paul C. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) is a protein upregulated in prostate cancer, hematological malignancies, and other cancers where it contributes to proliferation and chemotherapeutic resistance. Androgen receptor splice variant 7 (ARv7) is the most common mutation of the AR receptor that confers resistance to clinical androgen receptor signalling inhibitors in castration-resistant prostate cancer. AKR1C3 interacts with ARv7 promoting stabilization. Herein we report the discovery of the first-in-class AKR1C3 Proteolysis-Targeting Chimera (PROTAC) degrader. This first-generation degrader potently reduced AKR1C3 expression in 22Rv1 prostate cancer cells with a half-maximal degradation concentration (DC50) of 52 nM. Gratifyingly, concomitant degradation of ARv7 was observed with a DC50 = 70 nM, along with degradation of the AKR1C3 isoforms AKR1C1 and AKR1C2 to a lesser extent. This compound represents a highly useful chemical tool and a promising strategy for prostate cancer intervention.
Drought threat to terrestrial gross primary production exacerbated by wildfires
Authors: Zong Xuezheng , Tian Xiaorui , Liu Xiaodong , Shu Lifu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFrequent droughts have aggravated the occurrence of wildfires and led to substantial losses in terrestrial ecosystems. However, our understanding of compound drought-wildfire events, including the hotspots, spatiotemporal patterns, trends, and their impacts on global vegetation growth, remains unclear. Utilizing satellite data on terrestrial water storage, burned areas, and gross primary production (GPP) from 2002 to 2020, we identified a positive correlation between droughts and wildfires and mapped the global patterns of compound drought-wildfire events. Approximately 38.6% of vegetated areas across the globe witnessed rise in probability of compound drought-wildfire events ( < 0.016 events/10a). This increasing trend is spatially asymmetric, and greater amplification is observed across the Northern hemisphere due to frequent droughts. Furthermore, the GPP reductions induced by compound drought-wildfire events are more than twice as high as that caused by isolated droughts. These findings identify hotspots for compound drought-wildfire events and offer quantitative evidence of their greater impacts on ecosystems, aiding in the assessment of compound event risks and the implementation of future climate actions.
Do fishers follow fish displaced by climate warming?
Authors: Abe Keita , Diekert Florian , Melsom Arne , Langangen Øystein 
Published: April 2024

AbstractClimate change is associated with altered oceanographic conditions that tend to shift the geographical distributions of fish. To assess the impact of climate change on fisheries, one must go beyond projections of catch potential and understand how fishers respond to moving target species. Many previous studies have explicitly or implicitly assumed that fishers follow fish that are displaced by climate warming. Here, we evaluate this assumption by analyzing a long-term, large-scale yet high-resolution dataset combined with a detailed oceanographic model. Our study case is the Atlantic cod (Gadhus morhua) fishery in Norway, one of the largest whitefish fisheries in the world, with little technological or judicial constraints on the potential spatial response of fishers. An oceanographic model is used to predict the areas that have been suitable for Atlantic cod spawning over the two last decades. We compare whether these areas overlap with actually observed fishing locations. While the areas that are suitable for spawning clearly predict how much fish are caught per trip, the suitability of an area does not predict how many vessels fish in a given area at a given point in time. In contrast, the number of vessels in the previous week and the previous year explain the current number of vessels in that area. Hence, future projections of climate change effects should account for the rich and nuanced behavioral responses of humans to project climate change effects on fisheries.
Facets control charge separation during photoelectrochemical water oxidation with strontium titanate (SrTiO3) single crystals
Authors: Assavachin Samutr , Xiao Chengcan , Becker Kathleen , Osterloh Frank E. 
Published: April 2024

The photoelectrochemical water oxidation activity of SrTiO3 crystals is determined by the variable work functions of different facets. This produces facet dependent semiconductor–liquid junctions that can drive charge separation in photocatalysts.
Three-dimensional bimodal pore-rich G/MXene sponge amalgamated with vanadium diselenide nanosheets as a high-performance electrode for electrochemical water-oxidation/reduction reactions
Authors: Chaudhary Khadija , Zulfiqar Sonia , ALOthman Zeid A. , Shakir Imran , Warsi Muhammad Farooq , Cochran Eric W. 
Published: April 2024

A three-dimensional hierarchical G/MXe sponge integrated with VSe2 sheets as advanced electrode material for water-splitting.
A Retrospective Study of Acoustic Measures of Glottal Stop Production to Assess Vocal Function in Unilateral Vocal Fold Paresis/Paralysis Patients
Authors: Stager Sheila , Maryn Youri 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to determine (a) diagnostic accuracy of acoustic measures of glottal stop production (GSP; intensity differences, slopes, complete voicing cessation) to distinguish between unilateral vocal fold paresis/paralysis (UVFP) patients and controls; (b) if acoustic measures of GSP significantly correlated with an acoustic measure of voice disorder severity, acoustic voice quality index (AVQI); and (c) if acoustic measures from another type of voicing cessation, voiceless consonant production, also significantly differed between groups.

Method:
Ninety-seven patients with unilateral paresis/paralysis and 35 controls with normal laryngostroboscopic signs produced two sets of five repeated [i] and four repeated [isi]. Tokens were randomized by type between groups and analyzed blinded using a customized Praat program that computed intensity differences and slopes between vowel maxima and glottal stop minima for inter-[i] tokens and vowel maxima and voiceless consonant minima for intra-[isi] tokens. The number of voicing cessations for inter-[i] tokens was obtained.

Results:

Onset and offset intensity differences and number of voicing cessations from inter-[i] tokens had the greatest areas under the curve (.854, .856, and .835, respectively). Correlation coefficients were significant (
p
< .01) between AVQI and all GSP acoustic measures with weak/medium effect sizes. No significant differences were found between controls and participants with UVFP for acoustic measures from intra-[isi].

Conclusions:
Acoustic GSP measures demonstrated good diagnostic accuracy and some relationship to severity of voice disorder. No significant differences in acoustic measures for medial voiceless fricative consonants between controls and participants with UVFP suggested that voicing cessation for voiceless fricatives differs from voicing cessation for GSP.
Spatiotemporal energy‐density distribution of time‐reversed electromagnetic fields
Authors: Le Boudec Elias , Karami Hamidreza , Mora Nicolas , Rachidi Farhad , Rubinstein Marcos , Vega Felix 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTime reversal exploits the invariance of electromagnetic wave propagation in reciprocal and lossless media to localize radiating sources. Time‐reversed measurements are back‐propagated in a simulated domain and converge to the unknown source location. The focusing time (i.e. the simulation instant at which the fields converge to the source location) and the source location can be identified using field maxima, entropy, time kurtosis, and space kurtosis. This paper analyses the spatial energy‐density distribution of time‐reversed electromagnetic fields by introducing a convergence metric based on the spatial average and variance of the energy density. It is analytically proven that the proposed metric identifies the focusing time and the source location, with direct links to the source frequency content. The analytical results are verified in a free‐space numerical simulation and the proposed metric is then compared to existing ones in a simulated inhomogeneous medium. Next, this metric is applied and compared in an experimental case study to localize electromagnetic interference sources. The proposed metric outperforms existing ones to identify the focusing time and can also be used to locate the source. Finally, because of its tensorial nature, it can handle anisotropic media, opening the door to quantitative analyses of time‐reversal focusing in metamaterials.
Archives of Photographic PLates for Astronomical USE (APPLAUSE)
Authors: Enke Harry , Tuvikene Taavi , Groote Detlef , Edelmann Heinz , Heber Ulrich 
Published: April 2024

Aims. The Archives of Photographic PLates for Astronomical USE (APPLAUSE) project is aimed at digitising astronomical photographic plates from three major German plate collections, making them accessible through integration into the International Virtual Observatory (IVO).
Methods. Photographic plates and related materials (logbooks, envelopes, etc.) were scanned with commercial flatbed scanners. Astrometric and photometric calibrations were carried out with the developed PyPlate software, using Gaίa EDR3 data as a reference. The APPLAUSE data publication complies with IVO standards.
Results. The latest data release contains images and metadata from 27 plate collections from the partner institutes in Hamburg, Bamberg, and Potsdam, along with digitised archives provided by Tautenburg, Tartu, and Vatican observatories. Altogether, over two billion calibrated measurements extracted from about 70 000 direct photographic plates can readily be used to create long-term light curves. For instance, we constructed the historic light curve of the enigmatic dipping star KIC 8462852. We found no evidence of previously assumed variations on timescales of decades in our light curve. Potential uses of APPLAUSE images for transient sources can be appreciated by following the development of the nova shell of GK Per (1901) over time and the change in brightness of two extragalactic supernovae. The database holds about 10 000 spectral plates. We made use of objective prism plates to follow the temporal changes of Nova DN Gem through 1912 and 1913, highlighting an outburst in early 1913.
Magnetic flux eruptions at the root of time lags in low-luminosity active galactic nuclei
Authors: Vos Jesse , Davelaar Jordy , Olivares Hector , Brinkerink Christiaan , Falcke Heino 
Published: April 2024

Context. Sagittarius A* is a compact radio source at the center of the Milky Way that has not conclusively shown evidence to support the presence of a relativistic jet. Nevertheless, indirect methods at radio frequencies do indicate consistent outflow signatures.
Aims. Temporal shifts between features in frequency bands are known as time lags, associated with flares or outflows of the accretion system. It is possible to gain information on the emission and outflow mechanics by interpreting these time lags.
Methods. By means of a combined general-relativistic magnetrohydrodynamical and radiative transfer modeling approach, we studied the origin of the time lags for magnetically arrested disk models with three black hole spins (a* ∈ { − 0.9375, 0, 0.9375}). We exclusively modeled the emission from the source across a frequency range of ν = 19 − 47 GHz. Our study also includes a targeted “slow light” investigation for one of the best-fitting “fast light” windows.
Results. We were able to recover the observational time lag relations in various windows of our simulated light curves. The theoretical interpretation of these most promising time lag windows is threefold: i) a magnetic flux eruption perturbs the jet-disk boundary and creates a flux tube; ii) the flux tube orbits and creates a clear emission feature; and iii) the flux tube interacts with the jet-disk boundary. The best-fitting windows have an intermediate (i = 30°/50°) inclination and zero black hole spin. The targeted slow light study did not produce better-fitting time lag results, which indicates that the fast versus slow light paradigm is often not intuitively understood and is likely to be influential in timing-sensitive black hole accretion studies.
Conclusions. While previous studies have sought to interpret time lag properties with spherical or jetted expansion models, we show that this picture is too simplistic. Sophisticated general-relativistic magnetrohydrodynamical models consistently capture the observational time lag behavior, which is rooted in the complex dynamic interplay between the flux tube and coupled disk-jet system.
Ligand-Promoted Palladium-Catalyzed β-C(sp3)–H Arylation of Ketones Using Acetohydrazide as a Transient Directing Group
Authors: Jia Kai , Wang Junjie , Jiang Chao , Wang Xuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA palladium-catalyzed β-C(sp3)–H arylation of aliphatic ketones by using acetohydrazide as a transient directing group has been developed. The reaction proceeds through a less-favored [5,5]-bicyclic palladacycle intermediate and is promoted by a pyridine ligand.
Thrombin Generation Profile Using ST-Genesia after PEG-asparaginase in Pediatric Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Ruiz-Llobet Anna , Gassiot Susanna , Sarrate Edurne , Zubicaray Josune , Rives Susana , Suleman Warda , Berrueco Rubén 
Published: April 2024

Background Venous thromboembolism (VTE) etiology in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is multifactorial. The use of global assays of hemostasis as a thrombin generation test (TGT) is useful to individualize VTE risk in adult patients. This prospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of an automated TGT to evaluate VTE risk during ALL treatment in children.
Methods TGT (automated analyzer ST Genesia; ThromboScreen) and pro- and anticoagulant plasma proteins were analyzed during ALL treatment in pediatric patients following LAL-SEHOP-PETHEMA-2013 guidelines. Results were compared with a series of pediatric normal controls and evaluated according to pegylated asparaginase PEG-ASP administration and to VTE risk factors.
Results The study included 67 patients: males n = 35, B-ALL (n = 60). None had a VTE during the evaluated period. Compared to healthy controls, the normalized endogenous thrombin potential (N-ETP) ratio in patients was higher and ETP inhibition (ETP-inh) was lower, especially after PEG-ASP administration. Plasmatic protein C and protein S levels decreased after PEG-ASP administration, but antithrombin mean level did not. A bivariant analysis showed that ETP-inh was lower in patients >10 years old (p = 0.05) and in those with non-O blood type (p = 0.005). A linear mixed model also showed a higher TGT prothrombotic profile in patients with inherited thrombophilia.
Conclusion TGT could be a biomarker of a high VTE risk in ALL pediatric patients. Non-O blood group and inherited thrombophilia were associated with a significantly higher thrombotic profile, and an increased profile was also observed after administration of PEG-ASP.