bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mortality and cancer incidence among physicians of traditional Chinese medicine: a 20-year national follow-up study
Authors: Liu Shu-Hui , Liu Yu-Feng , Liou Saou-Hsing , Lin Yun-Lian , Hsiao Yuen-Chen , Chen Chu-Chieh , Li Chung-Yi , Wu Trong-Neng 
Published: March 2010

ObjectiveTo study the risks of mortality and cancer incidence in physicians of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) who had frequent exposure to herbal medicine.MethodsA population-based cohort design was conducted in which a total of 7675 certified physicians of TCM who ever practised between 1985 and 2005 were compared with the age-, sex- and calendar year-specific mortalities and cancer incidence rates of the general population of Taiwan. The age-, sex- and calendar year-standardised mortality ratio (SMR) and standardised cancer incidence ratio (SIR) were calculated to estimate the relative risks of all causes and site-specific mortality and cancer incidence.ResultsOver an up to 20-year observational period, 796 (10.4%) physicians of TCM died, and 279 (3.6%) developed cancer. The study cohort showed a significantly reduced SMR for all-causes mortality (68, 95% CI 63 to 73), and for deaths from infectious (SMR=64), circulatory (SMR=68), respiratory (SMR=64) and digestive (SMR=56) disease. The study cohort also had a significantly reduced SIR (80, 95% CI 71 to 90) for all cancers, and for neoplasm of rectum, rectosigmoid junction, and anus (SIR=45), female breast (SIR=30) and cervix uteri (SIR=10). On the other hand, we noted that physicians of TCM suffered from a significantly increased SIR for neoplasm of liver and intrahepatic bile ducts (SIR=151, 95% CI 116 to 192) and of bladder cancer (SIR=259, 95% CI 167 to 382).ConclusionLike other healthcare workers, we noted that physicians of TCM had significantly reduced risks of all-causes mortality and cancer incidence. Nonetheless, reasons truly responsible for significantly increased risks of liver and bladder neoplasm among physicians of TCM warrant further investigations.
INTEGRAL CONSTRAINTS ON THE MONODROMY GROUP OF THE HYPERKÄHLER RESOLUTION OF A SYMMETRIC PRODUCT OF A K3 SURFACE
Authors: MARKMAN EYAL 
Published: March 2010

Let S[n]be the Hilbert scheme of length n subschemes of a K3 surface S. H2(S[n],ℤ) is endowed with the Beauville–Bogomolov bilinear form. Denote by Mon the subgroup of GL [H*(S[n],ℤ)] generated by monodromy operators, and let Mon2be its image in OH2(S[n],ℤ). We prove that Mon2is the subgroup generated by reflections with respect to +2 and -2 classes (Theorem 1.2). Thus Mon2does not surject onto OH2(S[n],ℤ)/(±1), when n - 1 is not a prime power.As a consequence, we get counterexamples to a version of the weight 2 Torelli question for hyperKähler varieties X deformation equivalent to S[n]. The weight 2 Hodge structure on H2(X,ℤ) does not determine the bimeromorphic class of X, whenever n - 1 is not a prime power (the first case being n = 7). There are at least 2ρ(n - 1) - 1distinct bimeromorphic classes of X with a given generic weight 2 Hodge structure, where ρ(n - 1) is the Euler number of n - 1.The second main result states, that if a monodromy operator acts as the identity on H2(S[n],ℤ), then it acts as the identity on Hk(S[n],ℤ), 0 ≤ k ≤ n + 2 (Theorem 1.5). We conclude the injectivity of the restriction homomorphism Mon → Mon2, if n ≡ 0 or n ≡ 1 modulo 4 (Corollary 1.6).
Cerebral distribution of white matter lesions in migraine with aura patients
Authors: Rossato G , Adami A , Thijs VN , Cerini R , Pozzi-Mucelli R , Mazzucco S , Anzola GP , Sette M Del , Dinia L , Meneghetti G , Zanferrari C 
Published: March 2010

Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the cerebral distribution of white matter lesions (WMLs) between migraine patients with different aura symptoms. Methods: Migraine with aura (MA) patients were consecutively enrolled as part of the Shunt-Associated Migraine (SAM) study. According to clinical symptoms, aura was classified as motor, aphasic, sensory, visual or vertebrobasilar. Standard and FLAIR (fluid attenuated inversion recovery) T2-weighted MRI sequences were inspected for WMLs by three independent raters blinded to clinical data. WMLs were assessed in the periventricular areas (PV-WMLs) with the Fazekas scale and in the deep white matter (D-WMLs) with the Schelten's scale. Interobserver agreement was good to excellent ( k = 0.64 to 0.96, p < .0001). Results: One hundred and eighty-five patients (77% women) were included. Aura symptoms were classified as visual in 172 (99%) patients, sensory in 76 (42%), aphasic in 54 (30%), motor in 39 (21%) and vertebrobasilar in 17 (9%) patients. One hundred and four patients (57%) exhibited more than one type of aura. D-WMLs were mainly detected in the frontal lobes (86%). There was no association between type of aura and the presence of WMLs in any cerebral location. Conclusion: Aura symptoms do not influence the cerebral distribution of WMLs associated with migraine disease.
Factors predicting the probability of relapse after discontinuation of migraine preventive treatment with topiramate
Authors: Schoenen Jean , Reuter Uwe , Diener Hans-Christoph , Pfeil Joop , Schwalen Susanne , Schäuble Barbara , van Oene Joop 
Published: March 2010

Introduction: Demographic and clinical variables were examined in a post hoc analysis of the PROlonged Migraine Prevention with Topiramate (PROMPT) study to determine potential contribution to relapse. Methods: After a six-month open-label (OL) topiramate phase, patients were randomised to continue topiramate or switch to placebo in a six-month double-blind (DB) phase. ‘Relapse’ was investigated in terms of change in monthly migraine days after randomisation compared with the month before randomisation, and was analysed during the first (‘initial relapse’) and last month (‘sustained relapse’) of the DB phase. More than 40 potential predicting factors were entered into analyses of variance and covariance. Results: For initial relapse, variable-by-treatment interactions were significant for the Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) at DB baseline, and decline in acute medication intake or reporting of ‘anxiety’ in the OL phase. For sustained relapse, no statistically significant interactions were observed. Conclusion: Relapse after topiramate discontinuation in migraine prophylaxis appears to be unaffected by patient characteristics or baseline migraine frequency.
Injury in the National Basketball Association
Authors: Drakos Mark C. , Domb Benjamin , Starkey Chad , Callahan Lisa , Allen Answorth A. 
Published: March 2010

Background: Injury patterns in elite athletes over long periods continue to evolve. The goal of this study was to review of the injuries and medical conditions afflicting athletes competing in the National Basketball Association (NBA) over a 17-year period. Design: Descriptive epidemiological study. Methods: Injuries and player demographic information were reported by each team’s athletic trainer. Criteria for reportable injuries were those that resulted in (1) physician referral, (2) a practice or game being missed, or (3) emergency care. The demographics, frequency of injury, time lost, and game exposures were tabulated, and game-related injury rates and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results: A total of 1094 players appeared in the database 3843 times (3.3 ± 2.6 seasons). Lateral ankle sprains were the most frequent orthopaedic injury (n, 1658; 13.2%), followed by patellofemoral inflammation (n, 1493; 11.9%), lumbar strains (n, 999; 7.9%), and hamstring strains (n, 413; 3.3%). The most games missed were related to patellofemoral inflammation (n, 10 370; 17.5%), lateral ankle sprains (n, 5223; 8.8%), knee sprains (n, 4369; 7.4%), and lumbar strains (n, 3933; 6.6%). No correlations were found between injury rate and player demographics, including age, height, weight, and NBA experience. Conclusion: Professional athletes in the NBA experience a high rate of game-related injuries. Patellofemoral inflammation is the most significant problem in terms of days lost in competition, whereas ankle sprains are the most common injury. True ligamentous injuries of the knee were surprisingly rare. Importantly, player demographics were not correlated with injury rates. Further investigation is necessary regarding the consequences and sport-specific treatment of various injuries in NBA players. Clinical Relevance: Knowledge of these injury patterns can help to guide treatments and provide more accurate guidelines for an athlete to return to play.
Interactions with heparin-like molecules during erythrocyte invasion by Plasmodium falciparum merozoites
Authors: Boyle Michelle J. , Richards Jack S. , Gilson Paul R. , Chai Wengang , Beeson James G. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractDuring erythrocyte invasion, Plasmodium falciparum merozoites use multiple receptor-ligand interactions in a series of coordinated events, but current knowledge of these interactions is limited. Using real-time imaging of invasion, we established that heparin-like molecules block early, and essential, events in erythrocyte invasion by merozoites. All P falciparum isolates tested, and parasites using different invasion pathways were inhibited to comparable levels. Furthermore, it was not possible to select for heparin-resistant parasites. Heparin-like molecules occur naturally on the surface of human erythrocytes, where they may act as receptors for binding of merozoite surface proteins. Consistent with this, we demonstrated that MSP1-42, a processed form of merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1) involved in invasion, bound heparin in a specific manner; furthermore, binding was observed with the secondary processing fragment MSP1-33, but not MSP1-19. We defined key structural requirements of heparin-like molecules for invasion inhibition and interactions with MSP1-42. Optimal activity required a degree of sulfation more than or equal to 2, disulfation of the N-acetylglucosamine or hexuronic acid residue, and a minimum chain length of 6 monosaccharides. These findings have significant implications for understanding P falciparum invasion of erythrocytes and the development of novel therapeutics and vaccines.
Ki DoQ: using docking based energy scores to develop ligand based model for predicting antibacterials
Authors: Garg Aarti , Tewari Rupinder , Raghava Gajendra PS 
Published: March 2010

Abstract

Background
Identification of novel drug targets and their inhibitors is a major challenge in the field of drug designing and development. Diaminopimelic acid (DAP) pathway is a unique lysine biosynthetic pathway present in bacteria, however absent in mammals. This pathway is vital for bacteria due to its critical role in cell wall biosynthesis. One of the essential enzymes of this pathway is dihydrodipicolinate synthase (DHDPS), considered to be crucial for the bacterial survival. In view of its importance, the development and prediction of potent inhibitors against DHDPS may be valuable to design effective drugs against bacteria, in general.

Results
This paper describes a methodology for predicting novel/potent inhibitors against DHDPS. Here, quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) models were trained and tested on experimentally verified 23 enzyme's inhibitors having inhibitory value (K
i) in the range of 0.005-22(mM). These inhibitors were docked at the active site of DHDPS (1YXD) using AutoDock software, which resulted in 11 energy-based descriptors. For QSAR modeling, Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model was engendered using best four energy-based descriptors yielding correlation values R/q
2 of 0.82/0.67 and MAE of 2.43. Additionally, Support Vector Machine (SVM) based model was developed with three crucial descriptors selected using F-stepping remove-one approach, which enhanced the performance by attaining R/q
2 values of 0.93/0.80 and MAE of 1.89. To validate the performance of QSAR models, external cross-validation procedure was adopted which accomplished high training/testing correlation values (q
2/r
2) in the range of 0.78-0.83/0.93-0.95.

Conclusions
Our results suggests that ligand-receptor binding interactions for DHDPS employing QSAR modeling seems to be a promising approach for prediction of antibacterial agents. To serve the experimentalist to develop novel/potent inhibitors, a webserver "Ki DoQ" has been developed http://crdd.osdd.net/raghava/kidoq, which allows the prediction of K
i value of a new ligand molecule against DHDPS.
Dynamics of muscle fibre growth during postnatal mouse development
Authors: White Robert B , Biérinx Anne-Sophie , Gnocchi Viola F , Zammit Peter S 
Published: March 2010

Abstract

Background
Postnatal growth in mouse is rapid, with total skeletal muscle mass increasing several-fold in the first few weeks. Muscle growth can be achieved by either an increase in muscle fibre number or an increase in the size of individual myofibres, or a combination of both. Where myofibre hypertrophy during growth requires the addition of new myonuclei, these are supplied by muscle satellite cells, the resident stem cells of skeletal muscle.

Results
Here, we report on the dynamics of postnatal myofibre growth in the mouse extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle, which is essentially composed of fast type II fibres in adult. We found that there was no net gain in myofibre number in the EDL between P7 and P56 (adulthood). However, myofibre cross-sectional area increased by 7.6-fold, and length by 1.9-fold between these ages, resulting in an increase in total myofibre volume of 14.1-fold: showing the extent of myofibre hypertrophy during the postnatal period. To determine how the number of myonuclei changes during this period of intense muscle fibre hypertrophy, we used two complementary mouse models: 3F-nlacZ-E mice express nlacZ only in myonuclei, while Myf5

nlacZ/+ mice have β-galactosidase activity in satellite cells. There was a ~5-fold increase in myonuclear number per myofibre between P3 and P21. Thus myofibre hypertrophy is initially accompanied by a significant addition of myonuclei. Despite this, the estimated myonuclear domain still doubled between P7 and P21 to 9.2 × 103 μm3. There was no further addition of myonuclei from P21, but myofibre volume continued to increase, resulting in an estimated ~3-fold expansion of the myonuclear domain to 26.5 × 103 μm3 by P56. We also used our two mouse models to determine the number of satellite cells per myofibre during postnatal growth. Satellite cell number in EDL was initially ~14 satellite cells per myofibre at P7, but then fell to reach the adult level of ~5 by P21.

Conclusions
Postnatal fast muscle fibre type growth is divided into distinct phases in mouse EDL: myofibre hypertrophy is initially supported by a rapid increase in the number of myonuclei, but nuclear addition stops around P21. Since the significant myofibre hypertrophy from P21 to adulthood occurs without the net addition of new myonuclei, a considerable expansion of the myonuclear domain results. Satellite cell numbers are initially stable, but then decrease to reach the adult level by P21. Thus the adult number of both myonuclei and satellite cells is already established by three weeks of postnatal growth in mouse.
Maternal immunization with ovalbumin prevents neonatal allergy development and up-regulates inhibitory receptor FcγRIIB expression on B cells
Authors: Victor Jefferson R , Muniz Bruno P , Fusaro Ana E , de Brito Cyro A , Taniguchi Eliana F , Duarte Alberto JS , Sato Maria N 
Published: March 2010

Abstract

Background
Preconception allergen immunization prevents neonatal allergen sensitization in mice by a complex interaction between regulatory cells/factors and antibodies. The present study assessed the influence of maternal immunization with ovalbumin (OVA) on the immune response of 3 day-old and 3 week-old offspring immunized or non-immunized with OVA and evaluated the effect of IgG treatment during fetal development or neonatal period.

Results
Maternal immunization with OVA showed increased levels of FcγRIIb expression in splenic B cells of neonates, which were maintained for up to 3 weeks and not affected by additional postnatal OVA immunization. Maternal immunization also exerted a down-modulatory effect on both IL-4 and IFN-γ-secreting T cells and IL-4 and IL-12- secreting B cells. Furthermore, immunized neonates from immunized mothers showed a marked inhibition of antigen-specifc IgE Ab production and lowered Th2/Th1 cytokine levels, whereas displaying enhanced FcγRIIb expression on B cells. These offspring also showed reduced antigen-specific proliferative response and lowered B cell responsiveness. Moreover, in vitro evaluation revealed an impairment of B cell activation upon engagement of B cell antigen receptor by IgG from OVA-immunized mice. Finally, in vivo IgG transference during pregnancy or breastfeeding revealed that maternal Ab transference was able to increase regulatory cytokines, such as IL-10, in the prenatal stage; yet only the postnatal treatment prevented neonatal sensitization. None of the IgG treatments induced immunological changes in the offspring, as it was observed for those from OVA-immunized mothers.

Conclusion
Maternal immunization upregulates the inhibitory FcγRIIb expression on offspring B cells, avoiding skewed Th2 response and development of allergy. These findings contribute to the advancement of prophylactic strategies to prevent allergic diseases in early life.
Population dynamics of two antilisterial cheese surface consortia revealed by temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis
Authors: Roth Emmanuelle , Miescher Schwenninger Susanne , Hasler Madlen , Eugster-Meier Elisabeth , Lacroix Christophe 
Published: March 2010

Abstract

Background
Surface contamination of smear cheese by Listeria spp. is of major concern for the industry. Complex smear ecosystems have been shown to harbor antilisterial potential but the microorganisms and mechanisms involved in the inhibition mostly remain unclear, and are likely related to complex interactions than to production of single antimicrobial compounds. Bacterial biodiversity and population dynamics of complex smear ecosystems exhibiting antilisterial properties in situ were investigated by Temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TTGE), a culture independent technique, for two microbial consortia isolated from commercial Raclette type cheeses inoculated with defined commercial ripening cultures (F) or produced with an old-young smearing process (M).

Results
TTGE revealed nine bacterial species common to both F and M consortia, but consortium F exhibited a higher diversity than consortium M, with thirteen and ten species, respectively. Population dynamics were studied after application of the consortia on fresh-produced Raclette cheeses. TTGE analyses revealed a similar sequential development of the nine species common to both consortia. Beside common cheese surface bacteria (Staphylococcus equorum, Corynebacterium spp., Brevibacterium linens, Microbacterium gubbeenense, Agrococcus casei), the two consortia contained marine lactic acid bacteria (Alkalibacterium kapii, Marinilactibacillus psychrotolerans) that developed early in ripening (day 14 to 20), shortly after the growth of staphylococci (day 7). A decrease of Listeria counts was observed on cheese surface inoculated at day 7 with 0.1-1 × 102 CFU cm-2, when cheeses were smeared with consortium F or M. Listeria counts went below the detection limit of the method between day 14 and 28 and no subsequent regrowth was detected over 60 to 80 ripening days. In contrast, Listeria grew to high counts (105 CFU cm-2) on cheeses smeared with a defined surface culture.

Conclusions
This work reports the first population dynamics study of complex smear ecosystems exhibiting in situ antilisterial activity. TTGE revealed the presence of marine lactic acid bacteria that are likely related to the strong Listeria inhibition, as their early development in the smear occurred simultaneously with a decrease in Listeria cell count.
Vibration Response Imaging: evaluation of rater agreement in healthy subjects and subjects with pneumonia
Authors: Bartziokas Konstantinos , Daenas Christos , Preau Sebastien , Zygoulis Paris , Triantaris Apostolos , Kerenidi Theodora , Makris Demosthenes , Gourgoulianis Konstantinos I , Daniil Zoe 
Published: March 2010

Abstract

Background
We evaluated pulmonologists variability in the interpretation of Vibration response imaging (VRI) obtained from healthy subjects and patients hospitalized for community acquired pneumonia.

Methods
The present is a prospective study conducted in a tertiary university hospital. Twenty healthy subjects and twenty three pneumonia cases were included in this study. Six pulmonologists blindly analyzed images of normal subjects and pneumonia cases and evaluated different aspects of VRI images related to the quality of data aquisition, synchronization of the progression of breath sound distribution and agreement between the maximal energy frame (MEF) of VRI (which is the maximal geographical area of lung vibrations produced at maximal inspiration) and chest radiography. For qualitative assessment of VRI images, the raters' evaluations were analyzed by degree of consistency and agreement.

Results
The average value for overall identical evaluations of twelve features of the VRI image evaluation, ranged from 87% to 95% per rater (94% to 97% in control cases and from 79% to 93% per rater in pneumonia cases). Inter-rater median (IQR) agreement was 91% (82-96). The level of agreement according to VRI feature evaluated was in most cases over 80%; intra-class correlation (ICC) obtained by using a model of subject/rater for the averaged features was overall 0.86 (0.92 in normal and 0.73 in pneumonia cases).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest good agreement in the interpretation of VRI data between different raters. In this respect, VRI might be helpful as a radiation free diagnostic tool for the management of pneumonia.