bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluorine-18 FDG PET/CT and New NIMS Grading System for Chemotherapy Response in Breast Cancer
Authors: Vakati Geethika Reddy , Ratnagiri Ranganath , Srivastava Madhur Kumar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
Positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET-CT) using fluorine 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) is increasingly used to stage patients with locally advanced breast cancer and for assessing treatment response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).

Aims and Objectives:
The aim of the study was to assess the correlation between PET-CT parameters and pathologic response of breast primary after NACT in breast cancer patients and to devise a grading system called NIMS grading system for response assessment using PET quantitative parameters.

Materials and Methods:
55 patients who underwent F-18 FDG PET-CT before starting the therapy and again after completion of therapy were identified and included in the study. The clinical data and the histopathologic findings were recorded. All the patients received chemotherapy followed by surgery with axillary lymph node dissection. The PET-CT results were interpreted both qualitatively by visual analysis and quantitatively by estimating maximum Standardized uptake values(SUVmax) and other parameters – SUVmean, SUL, SUVBSA, Metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and Total lesion glycolysis (TLG).

Results:
The sensitivity and specificity of F-18 FDG PET-CT to detect the residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 75.6% & 92.8% respectively. Differences between complete response and residual disease were significant for ΔSUVmax(p=0.005), ΔSUVmean(p=0.006), ΔSUL (0.005) and ΔSUVBSA(0.004), while ΔMTV and ΔTLG were not significantly different between the two groups. The new NIMS grading system included scoring of ΔSUVmax, ΔSUVBSA, ΔTLG and ΔMTV on scale of 1 to 4 and correlated well with PERCIST criteria.

Conclusion:
F-18 FDG PET-CT had a good accuracy in the detection of residual disease after completion of NACT. Pre chemotherapy PET-CT is not adequate to predict the response of primary tumour to chemotherapy. However, changes in the values of various PET-CT parameters are a sensitive tool to assess the response to chemotherapy. The new grading system is easy to use and showed good correlation to PERCIST.
Small Cell Carcinoma Prostate: A Case Report with Findings on 18-F FDG PET/CT
Authors: Sarswat Sulochana , Das Kalpa Jyoti , Kaushal Seema , Singhal Abhinav , Sharma Aparna 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Small-cell carcinoma of the prostate (SCCP) is a rare and very aggressive malignancy with neuroendocrine differentiation. In contrast to conventional prostate adenocarcinoma, SCCP is an aggressive carcinoma and portends to have a poor prognosis. Around 50% of these patients have metastatic disease at the first clinical presentation. We report the findings of 18-F fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in a case of histologically proven SCCP with an unusual finding of the left internal mammary lymph node.
Metallosis: A Rare Complication to Common Procedure with Its Imaging Finding
Authors: Suthar Ritesh Ramesh , Bharwani Nandlal , Salunke Abhijeet Ashok 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Metallosis is a medical condition that shows local and systemic clinical symptoms due to the deposition of heavy metal debris in soft tissues and bones due to metallic prostheses. The estimated incidence of Metallosis is around 5%. Clinical presentation and imaging findings can mimic tumor likely situation, However local reactions of Metallosis shows some peculiar features on cross-sectional imaging, and here we present two such cases of Metallosis with its imaging findings.
A Rare Presentation of Extrahepatic Biliary Neuroendocrine Tumor Diagnosed using 68Ga-DOTA-TOC Imaging, But Undetectable on 68Ga-FAPI Imaging
Authors: Harini Koorma , Jayanthi Mohan Roop , Hari K. S. Vishnu , Batchu Suneetha 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are commonly seen in the small intestine and rarely found within the bile ducts. This low incidence is due to a smaller number of Kulchitsky cells in the extrahepatic biliary tree, which predisposes to the disease. The diagnosis of biliary tree carcinoid preoperatively is very rare, with most cases in the literature being incidentally diagnosed during surgery or being identified on the histopathology report postoperatively. Here, we present an interesting case of an extrahepatic biliary NET which was diagnosed preoperatively.
FDG Avid Intracholecystic Papillary Neoplasm Mimicking Hepatic Metastasis in a Patient with Head-and-neck Cancer
Authors: Norman Jordan , Ellison Elizabeth , Kendrick Jamie , He Jing , Bhargava Peeyush 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A 75-year-old male with head-and-neck squamous cell cancer received a staging f-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) scan which showed additional focal abnormal uptake in the right hepatic lobe. The patient was treated for probable metastatic disease. Restaging FDG PET/CT scan revealed resolution of uptake in the head-and-neck and persistent focal uptake in the presumed liver metastasis. An abdominal CT with intravenous contrast revealed an enhancing mass in the gallbladder, without extension into the liver. Cholecystectomy revealed an intracholecystic papillary neoplasm of the gallbladder. The initial appearance of hepatic metastasis was due to a misregistration artifact.
Lead-203 VMT-α-Neuroendocrine Tumor Scintigraphy: A Promising Theranostics Agent
Authors: Thakral Parul , Sen Ishita Barat , Das Subha Shankar , Schultz Michael K , Kumari Jyotsna , Virupakshappa CB , Malik Dharmender 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) using lead-212 (Pb-212)-labeled peptides presents an attractive option for the treatment of metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). As Pb-203 presents an accurate diagnostic surrogate to Pb-212, imaging with Pb-203-labelled peptides can be an important prerequisite to assess the feasibility of TAT with Pb-212-labelled agents. Here, we present the imaging data of a patient with metastatic NET with Pb-203 VMT-α-NET, a somatostatin receptor targeting agent, and demonstrate the matching distribution of Pb-203 VMT-α-NET with Ga-68 DOTANOC.
Uncommon Site of Metastasis: A Case Report of Breast Carcinoma Spreading to the Pancreas
Authors: Bishnoi Komal , Agrawal Kanhaiyalal , Mishra Sourav Kumar , Purkait Suvendu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The metastatic lesions to pancreas are reported in various malignancies. However, pancreatic metastasis from breast cancer is rare and difficult to diagnose due to nonspecific symptoms and imaging findings. At the time of diagnosis, there may already be an associated widespread metastasis. In this case report, a woman in her forties with a history of breast cancer was found to have widespread metastases, including in the pancreas. The patient was treated with chemotherapy and hormonal therapy.
Intra-arterial PRRT with Lu-177 DOTATATE in Liver-dominant Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: Early Assessment of Efficacy and Toxicity
Authors: Puranik Ameya D , Rangarajan Venkatesh , Shetty Nitin Sudhakar , Gala Kunal , Kulkarni Suyash , Mohite Ashish , Marotkar Mandar , Gawale Yogesh , Dev Indraja D , Shrikhande Shailesh V , Chaudhari Vikram , Bhandare Manish , Agrawal Archi , Shah Sneha , Purandare Nilendu C , Ghosh Suchismita , Choudhury Sayak 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
We proposed to administer Lu-177-DOTATATE in intra-arterial (IA) mode for higher first-pass localization to somatostatin receptors, higher residence time in liver metastases, and more radiation to tumor. This study aimed at assessing early hematological, renal and hepatotoxicity; and objective response to IA peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT).

Materials and Methods:
Fourteen patients (4 females and 10 males) were prospectively assessed. 5/14 patients underwent 2 cycles, whereas 3/14 underwent 3 cycles, and 6/14 received 1 cycle of IA PRRT. 200 mCi of Lu-177-DOTATATE was administered in 15–20 min by IA route under angiographic guidance. Patients were asked to follow-up at 4 and 8 weeks with hematological, liver, and renal functional parameters, and Ga-68 DOTATATE positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) after 8 weeks. Response was assessed using RECIST 1.1 and EORTC PET criteria.

Results:

Safety: 2/14 patients had high total and direct bilirubin, which reverted to normal after IA PRRT. Three patients had low albumin, which improved after 1 cycle. Nine patients showed no worsening of liver function. Two patients showed Grade 1 hematotoxicity which reverted to normal. Five patients showed high creatinine, but preserved glomerular filtration rate and EC clearance. On follow-up at 8 weeks, serum creatinine reverted to normal. Efficacy: In five patients who underwent 2 cycles of IA PRRT, 3 showed partial response (PR) on RECIST 1.1 and partial metabolic response (PMR) on EORTC criteria, whereas 2 showed stable disease (SD). In patients who underwent 3 cycles, 1 showed SD, whereas other patient showed PMR on DOTANOC PET/CT, with PR in size. Among the remaining seven patients, 5 showed PMR, whereas the other 2 showed SD. Thus 9/14 patients showed PR, whereas 5 showed SD on metabolic and size criteria.

Conclusions:
IA PRRT is a safe and efficacious approach for the treatment of liver dominant metastatic neuroendocrine tumors.
Effect of one Year of Yoga Therapy on Glycemic Control among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Kulkarni Rajesh , Walvekar Padmaja 
Published: May 2024

Context:
India is well-endowed in using yoga therapy for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) which is a safe, effective, and easy-to-learn alternative treatment that can be practiced by elderly and persons with disabilities.

Aim:
Effect of 1 year of yoga therapy on glycemic control among patients having T2DM: A randomized controlled trial (RCT).

Settings and Design:
RCT conducted at and Urban Health Centre (UHC) for 1 year.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred and twenty diagnosed and registered for T2DM from UHC enrolled as participants who were divided into exercise and yoga interventional group by computer-generated, randomized number sequence method. The yogic practice was advised to 60 study participants and the reaming 60 participants were advised to do exercises for 1 year. The glycemic outcome was evaluated by Random Blood Sugar (RBS) and HbA1c which were examined at baseline, 6 months, and at the end of 1 year.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Paired and unpaired (independent) t-test. Generalized estimating equations models were performed on the glycemic control variables to assess the differences between the two intervention groups.

Results:
The post hoc analysis of 120 T2DM patient's data inferred that yoga and exercise have shown statistically significant (P < 0.05) effect on reducing HbA1C. However, no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) was observed when the yoga group was compared with the exercise group on glycemic control (reducing HbA1c).

Conclusions:
Yoga is as effective as exercise, hence people with morbidities or who are unable to go for exercise can practice yoga at home which will help them for proper control of HbA1c and RBS.
Impact of Stress, Anxiety, and Depression on Cognition and Quality of Life in Stroke Patients
Authors: Sharma Pooja , Varshney Nishi 
Published: May 2024

Context:
The pandemic has resulted in rapid spread of disease-causing fear in adults, children and unhealthy people. The enactment of national policies resulted in reduced outpatient visits in hospitals and perceived stress, anxiety and depression have become very common in neurological ill patients impacting their cognition and affecting their quality of life (QOL). Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a sort of neuropsychiatric treatment which helps patients to cope up with stress, anxiety, and depression and it needs further research.

Aim:
The present study focuses on the understanding the effect of anxiety, stress, and depression on the cognition and QOL of neurological ill patents and the influence of CBT in improving the cognitive ability of stroke patients.

Settings and Design:
This experimental study was conducted on neurologically ill patients

Materials and Methods
Thirteen subjects diagnosed with stroke were given 3-week protocol for CBT. Pre- and postassessment was done to evaluate depression, stress, anxiety, cognition and QOL on the basis of outcome measures including Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test for cognition and Neuro-QOL Brief for QOL.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Correlation between DASS-21 and MoCA was done using Pearson's correlation coefficient test.

Results:
40% of the patients suffered from depression, stress, and anxiety. The results of paired t-test for pre- and poststress, depression, and anxiety showed a significant result. There was a significant difference in the scores of precognition and postcognition.

Conclusion:
CBT is effective in reducing perceived stress, depression, and anxiety and thereby improving cognition and QOL of stroke patients.
Effect of Core and Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise on Symptom Severity and Quality of Life in Women with Stress Urinary Incontinence
Authors: Khan Seemab , Agrawal Ronika , Syed Ayesha 
Published: May 2024

Context:
Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) has been associated with a negative impact on quality of life in women which needs to be addressed. The commonly followed treatment includes only pelvic floor muscle (PFM) exercises with lack of importance given to the abdominal muscle strengthening.

Aims:
The aim of the study is to find the combined effects of core muscle and pelvic floor exercises on SUI in women.

Study Setting and Design:
This study was a single-group pre–post study design with females having SUI from communities of Pune city, India.

Subjects and Methods:
Sixty females between 30 and 45 years of age experiencing SUI were recruited for the study. PFM exercises along with core muscle exercises were given as intervention for 5 days/week for 6 weeks. Outcome measures used were Revised Urinary Incontinence Scale (RUIS) and Urogenital Distress Inventory-6 (UDI-6), which were taken before and on completion of 6 weeks of intervention.

Statistical Analysis:
Student's t-test was used to study the pre- and postintervention difference in the parameters.

Results:
Significant improvement was noted in the symptoms of SUI as the value of the RUIS reduced from 7.75 ± 2.419 to 3.90 ± 1.100 (P = 0.0015). The quality of life as assessed by UDI-6 also improved significantly after exercise intervention with P = 0.0010.

Conclusion:
The study showed a significant reduction in symptom severity of urinary incontinence and improvement in quality of life in females suffering from SUI.
Correlation between International Classification of Functioning and Quality of Life in Head and Neck Cancer Survivors in Indian Population
Authors: Pattanshetty Renu B. , Bambolkar Sailee K. , Karampure Karrishma , Karnik Mansi 
Published: May 2024

Context:
Cancer is counted as the second most leading cause of death worldwide. Cancer adversely affects one's physical, functional, social, and emotional well-being.

Aim:
The objective of the present study was to determine a correlation between components of the International Classification of Functioning (ICF) and quality of life (QOL) in head and neck cancer survivors in the Indian population.

Settings and Design:
This was an observational study undertaken in a tertiary health care and cancer hospital for a period of 6 months.

Subjects and Methods:
Fifty-two head and neck cancer patients were evaluated for their QOL using the Functional Activity of Cancer Therapy-Head and Neck Cancer (FACT-HNC) and impairments and disabilities given by ICF.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Test like Karl Pearson's coefficient for correlation between ICF and FACT-H and N was used.

Results:
There was a negative correlation between the physical and emotional well-being of FACT-H and N and ICF component of body function (r = −4.25, P ≤ 0.002, r = 27.8, P ≤ 0.046). Activities and participation of ICF also demonstrated similar results (r = −49.5, P ≤ 0.001and r = −40.0, P ≤ 0.003). No correlation was found between environmental factors of ICF and FACT-H and N scores.

Conclusions:
The study concluded that there was a strong negative correlation in terms of emotional well between ICF and FACT-H and N.
Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Reliability of the Berg Balance Scale in Hindi
Authors: Shah Shweta Ravindra , Joshi Vasanti , Snowdon Nicky J. 
Published: May 2024

Context:
Use of outcome measurement is an important part of modern professional practice. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) appears to be used in many Indian rehabilitation centres, but no official version has been previously available in Hindi. The BBS was translated into Hindi by the current authors according to accepted guidelines and tested for reliability.

Aims:
To translate the Berg Balance Scale into Hindi and investigate the inter-rater reliability when applied to geriatric patients.

Setting/Design:
Translation of BBS in Hindi according to guidelines for cross-cultural validation of an outcome measurement was conducted at a renowned institute for orthopedic and rehabilitation in India.

Methods and Materials:
The study was approved by the University Research Ethics Committee. The study involved an initial cross-cultural translation following four stages: 1) Forward Translation 2) Synthesis of translation 3) Backward Translation 4) Expert Committee. Expert committee was formed by purposive sampling comprising of experienced health professionals and language experts. For reliability testing, thirty patient participants were recruited from an Indian Orthopaedic hospital. Reliability testing was done by two experienced physiotherapists.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Weighted Kappa (Kw) was used to assess inter-rater reliability for the total scores and each individual item of BBS. Intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated to make comparisons of the inter-rater reliability with results of other studies.

Results:
The Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) for the total score of the BBS was 0.977(95% Confidence Interval= 0.951-0.989). The Kw for total score of BBS was 0.819 (95% Confidence Interval = 0.734-0.905).

Conclusion:
Hindi version of BBS appears to have excellent inter-rater reliability when used by experienced physiotherapists for rehabilitation of geriatric patients.
Role of Exercise Prescription to Improve Handwriting Speed in Healthy Children
Authors: Monsara Disha R. , Limbasiya Rajiv D. 
Published: May 2024

Context:
Currently, multiple kinds of research are done on undergraduate students for improving handwriting speed. This study will help to provide planned exercises for effective handwriting speed and to have a better outcome in the field of academics.

Aim:
The purpose of this study was to determine the combined effects of an upper limb resistance and coordination Exercise program on handwriting speed in healthy school-aged children.

Setting and Design:
A randomized control trial was conducted in the schools of Surat city.

Materials and Methods:
Healthy school-going children aged 10–12 years with slow handwriting speed (n = 62), i.e., average word per minute (WPM) of 10 or less than that of a 10-year-old, 12 or less than that of an 11-year-old, and 14 or less than that of a 12-year-old, were randomly allocated to experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, both resisted and coordination exercises were given. In the control group, handwriting practice was given for 4 days a week for 4 weeks. Outcome measures were assessed as WPMs and Handwriting Proficiency Screening Questionnaire (HPSQ) at baseline, after 2 weeks and after 4 weeks.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The mean difference within and between groups was determined using a repeated-measure analysis of variance.

Results:
There was a significant difference within the group for both the outcome measures and both the groups (P < 0.05). For between-group analysis, the experimental group showed a significant difference in WPMs (P = 0.001) and handwriting proficiency screening score (P = 0.250) compared to the control group after 4 weeks of intervention.

Conclusion:
Upper limb resisted, and coordination exercise improves handwriting speed in school-going children.
Cervical Cancer Screening in Patients with Total Hysterectomy in a Diagnostic Center at Mexico City
Authors: Ortiz-Mendoza Carlos Manuel 
Published: May 2024

Background:
The aim of this study was to outline the Pap smears rate done in women with total hysterectomy, sent to an urban diagnostic center that attends Mexican Government workers in the Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE: State´s Employees´ Social Security and Social Services Institute) at Mexico City.

Methods:
It was a retrospective study on Pap smear reports taken in 2017. The reports came from users of four family medicine clinics and a general hospital´s gynecology service. Demographic facts, instruments for collection, kind of insurance (ISSSTE-insurance or non-insurance), and total hysterectomy history were evaluated.

Results:
From 4989 reports, 600 (12%) had a total hysterectomy history. In the patients with ISSSTE-insurance, 586 of 4618 (12.68%) had a Pap smear whereas in the patients with non-insurance, only 14 of 371 (3.7%) had it, and this difference was significant (P < 0.00001; OR 3.7, 95% IC 2.15-6.36).

Conclusions:
Although Pap smear is not indicated in women with total hysterectomy, this study is still carried out frequently.
Comparison of Repair Index in Cigarette and Waterpipe Smokers
Authors: Jalili Sana , Naderi Noushin Jalayer 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Repair index (RI) using DNA changes reveals the activity of carcinogenesis. Cigarette and waterpipe smoking are important contributors to oral cavity malignancy. The RI in cigarette and waterpipe smokers has not been compared so far. The aim of this study was to compare the RI in cigarette and waterpipe smokers using the human exfoliated buccal mucosa cells.

Methods:
The exfoliated buccal mucosa cells of 60 cigarette and waterpipe smokers and 20 nonsmokers were evaluated in a case-control study. The number of micronuclei (MN), broken egg (BE), karyorrhexis (KR), and karyolysis (KL) were counted in 1000 cells from randomly selected fields. The RI = (KL + KR)/(MN + BE) was calculated and compared between subjects and controls. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey's Honest Significant Difference (HSD), and Spearman's correlation coefficient test at P < 0.05 probability level.

Results:
The difference of MN (P < 0.0001), BE (P < 0.0001), KR (P < 0.0001), and KL (P < 0.0001) count was significant between cigarette smokers, waterpipe smokers, and nonsmokers. The RI was significantly different between groups (P = 0.007). The RI was significantly higher in cigarette smokers compared to waterpipe smokers (P = 0.04) and nonsmokers (P = 0.009).

Conclusions:
The RI was significantly higher in cigarette smokers compared to waterpipe smokers. The finding suggests that due to higher interrupted cellular hemostasis, the risk of carcinoma in waterpipe smokers can be greater than that in cigarette smokers.