bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunological isolation and characterization of neuronal progenitors from human dental pulp: A laboratory‐based investigation
Authors: McMillan Hayley P. , Lundy Fionnuala T. , Dunne Orla M. , McLoughlin Kiran John , About Imad , Curtis T. M. , El Karim Ikhlas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsDental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) contain a population of stem cells with a broad range of differentiation potentials, as well as more lineage‐committed progenitors. Such heterogeneity is a significant obstacle to experimental and clinical applications. The aim of this study is to isolate and characterize a homogenous neuronal progenitor cell population from human DPSCs.MethodologyPolysialylated‐neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA‐NCAM+) neural progenitors were isolated from the dental pulp of three independent donors using magnetic‐activated cell sorting (MACS) technology. Immunofluorescent staining with a panel of neural and non‐neural markers was used to characterize the magnetically isolated PSA‐NCAM+ fraction. PSA‐NCAM+ cells were then cultured in Neurobasal A supplemented with neurotrophic factors: dibutyryl cyclic‐AMP, neurotrophin‐3, B27 and N2 supplements to induce neuronal differentiation. Both PSA‐NCAM+ and differentiated PSA‐NCAM+ cells were used in Ca2+ imaging studies to assess the functionality of P2X3 receptors as well as membrane depolarization.ResultsPSA‐NCAM+ neural progenitors were isolated from a heterogeneous population of hDPSCs using magnetic‐activated cell sorting and anti‐PSA‐NCAM MicroBeads. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that immunomagnetic sorting significantly increased the purity of PSA‐NCAM+ cells. Immunofluorescent staining revealed expression of pan‐neuronal and mature neuronal markers, PGP9.5 and MAP2, respectively, as well as weak expression of the mature sensory markers, peripherin and islet1. ATP‐induced response was mediated predominately by P2X3 receptors in both undifferentiated and differentiated cells, with a greater magnitude observed in the latter. In addition, membrane depolarizations were also detected in cells before and after differentiation when loaded with fast‐voltage‐responding fluorescent molecule, FluoVolt™ in response to potassium chloride. Interestingly, only differentiated PSA‐NCAM+ cells were capable of spontaneous membrane oscillations.ConclusionsIn summary, DPSCs contain a population of neuronal progenitors with enhanced neural differentiation and functional neural‐like properties that can be effectively isolated with magnetic‐activated cell sorting (MACS).
Phase equilibria of the Na2O‐TiO2‐SiO2 system between 900 and 1600°C in air
Authors: Santoso Imam , Sibarani David , Hidayat Taufiq , Zulhan Zulfiadi , Sukhomlinov Dmitry , Chen Min , Klemettinen Lassi , Taskinen Pekka , Lindberg Daniel , Jokilaakso Ari 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Na2O‐SiO2‐TiO2 system is important for the glass, ceramic, and metallurgical industries. Its features provide information on the composition and melting temperature to be utilized during the production of glass and ceramic and during the processing of TiO2‐bearing material in the metallurgical industry. The liquidus temperatures between 900 and 1600°C in the ternary system at saturation of solid SiO2, TiO2, Na2Ti6O13, Na2SiTiO5, and Na2Ti3O7 were measured using the equilibration‐quenching energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy/Electron Probe Microanalyzer technique. A wide range of liquidus compositions were obtained with Na2O between 0 and 41.7 mol% in the SiO2‐ and TiO2‐rich regions. The present study provides liquidus data at 1500 and 1600°C for the first time. Liquidus temperatures at various double saturations were also obtained in the present investigation to determine univariant lines in the phase diagram. The present experimental data were compared with previous investigations and computed phase diagrams. The data obtained in the present investigation can be employed to optimize the thermodynamic properties and phase diagrams of the Na2O‐SiO2‐TiO2 system.
Exploring the relationship between illness perception, self‐management and quality of life among HIV‐positive men who have sex with men
Authors: Wang Xu , Xu He , Zhang Yao , Zeng Jing , Liu Cong , Luo Rui , Zhong Haidan , Cai Weiping , Li Linghua , Gu Jing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to explore the mediating effect of self‐management (SM) on the relationship between illness perception and quality of life (QOL) among Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐positive men who have sex with men (MSM).DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodsWe explored the effect of illness perception and self‐management on QOL using the multiple regression model. Moreover, we conducted a simple mediation analysis to examine the role of SM in the relationship between illness perception and QOL. In addition, a parallel mediation analysis was performed to investigate the differences in domains of SM on the relationship between illness perception and QOL.ResultsAmong 300 Chinese HIV‐positive MSM, the mean score of SM was 39.9 ± 6.97, with a range of 14.0–54.0. The higher score in SM indicated a higher level of HIV SM. SM was negatively related to illness perception (r = −0.47) while positively related to QOL (r = 0.56). SM partially mediated the relationship between illness perception and QOL, accounting for 25.3% of the total effect. Specifically, both daily self‐management health practices and the chronic nature of the self‐management domain played a parallel role in mediating the relationship between illness perception and QOL.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that SM was a significant factor influencing QOL among HIV‐positive MSM. Focusing on daily self‐management health practices and the chronic nature of self‐management could be the potential key targets for enhancing HIV self‐management strategies.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareThis study emphasized the role of SM in the well‐being of HIV‐positive MSM and underscored the importance of developing interventions that integrate SM strategies to improve QOL in this population.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Estimation of genetic parameters for maintenance energy requirements and residual feed intake in Nellore cattle
Authors: Sainz Roberto D. , Baldi Fernando , Temp Larissa Bordin , Ribeiro Luciano B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe estimated heritabilities and genetic and phenotypic correlation estimates for maintenance energy requirements (NEmR), residual feed intake (RFI), growth, carcass and reproductive indicator traits, using data from 41 feed efficiency trials in Brazil, comprising 4381 males and females. Continuous traits were analysed using a linear animal model and threshold traits were analysed using a threshold animal model. The heritability estimates were low for RFI (0.190) and NEmR (0.193); other heritabilities were mainly moderate (growth and carcass traits) or high (sexual precocity traits). The genetic correlation of RFI with NEmR was high (0.701). The genetic correlations of NEmR were low with carcass and reproductive traits, and moderate with growth traits. Thus, selection to improve weaning weight and female sexual precocity indicator traits would not affect maintenance energy requirement. Genetic selection to reduce maintenance energy requirements is feasible and would also reduce DMI and RFI. Selection to improve RFI can be used to identify animals with lower maintenance energy requirements. Long‐term selection to reduce RFI and NEmR would have favourable effects on yearling weight, carcass muscle indicator traits and female sexual precocity. Genetic (co)variance component estimates for NEmR, in conjunction with economic values of selection criteria, may be used to develop novel approaches for genetic selection to improve efficiency of beef production.
Consensus report of the second European Consensus Workshop on Education in Periodontology
Authors: Herrera David , Chapple Iain , Jepsen Søren , Berglundh Tord , Tonetti Maurizio S. , Kebschull Moritz , Sculean Anton , Papapanou Panos N. , Sanz Mariano ,   *EFP workshop participants
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe second European Consensus Workshop on Education in Periodontology was commissioned, as a result of the changes in the discipline and the advances in educational methods/technology, to update the 2009 Consensus report of the first European Federation of Periodontology (EFP) Workshop on the same topic that was jointly authored by the Association for Dental Education in Europe.AimTo identify and propose changes necessary in periodontal education at three levels, namely undergraduate, specialist and continuing professional development (CPD), with respect to learning outcomes, competencies and methods of learning/training and evaluation.MethodsFour working groups (WGs) considered education in periodontology at the undergraduate, specialist and CPD levels, and education methods. Four commissioned position papers, one per WG, summarized the relevant information. Workshop participants gathered at an in‐person consensus meeting to discuss the individual reviews, and this consensus report summarizes the conclusions.ResultsThe learning outcomes for undergraduate and specialist education in periodontology have been updated, and a proposal for learning outcomes for CPD programmes was made. Learning/teaching/training and evaluation methods were proposed for each level of education, which included face‐to‐face, virtual and blended learning methods.ConclusionDevelopments in oral/dental medicine and in contemporary educational technologies have been translated into updated learning outcomes and learning/teaching/ training/evaluation methods relevant to education in periodontology.
Extraction of bioactive compounds from Vitex megapotamica: A study and selection of variables
Authors: Monteiro Larissa Karla , Fischer Carolina , Bettanin Luana , Rigo Elisandra , Sehn Georgia Ane Raquel , Zanella Odivan , Cavalheiro Darlene 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFruits are widely used to obtain and study bioactive compounds. Among them, the tarumã (Vitex megapotamica) is still understudied. The extraction of bioactive compounds from the powdered pulp of the ripe fruit of the tarumã was studied from the selection of several variables of the extraction process through the experimental design Plackett–Burman: the pH, the solid:liquid ratio, agitation, and temperature in an extraction time of 3 h. The extracts obtained were evaluated for antioxidant activity by 2,2′‐azino‐bis‐(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and for total phenolic compounds, as well as the presence of flavonoids, anthocyanins, carotenoids, and identification of bioactive compounds was assessed by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Using the experimental design, the best extraction condition was defined with a pH of 5, solid:liquid ratio of 1:30, stirring at 100 rpm, with a temperature of 80°C, obtaining 104.21 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE) 100 g−1 for phenolic compounds total, 742.71 μmol Trolox g−1 for ABTS, and EC50 of 2884.98 mg L−1 for DPPH. From HPLC, the presence of fumaric acid, gallic acid, p‐coumaric acid, and caffeic acid in the extracts was detected. Regarding flavonoids, anthocyanins, and carotenoids, the values obtained were 6.38 mg ECG g−1, 1.67 mg ECG g−1, and 2.89 mg 100 g−1, respectively. The selection of extraction conditions allowed obtaining better levels of bioactive compounds in the powdered pulp of tarumã extract, even with the use of water as a solvent, to avoid the presence of chemical residues in the extract, with antioxidant potential and viability for application in food products.Practical applicationsRecent research suggests a change in perspective regarding the consumption of healthier foods from plants and fruits that have important health properties. In this regard, tarumã (Vitex megapotamica) fruit has been standing out as a potential source of bioactive compounds with significant medicinal properties. The extracts obtained have a significant amount of phenolic compounds, as well as the presence of flavonoids, anthocyanins, and carotenoids, in which all of these have great potential bioactive activities. Thus, a good methodology of extraction and characterization of tarumã extract becomes a crucial part of any food, chemical, or pharmaceutical industry sector. In this regard, the present study with experimental design Plackett–Burman extraction is the way ahead due to high bioactive retention and the cost implications of the process.
Clinical outcomes of transarterial chemoembolization in Child–Turcotte Pugh class A patients with a single small (≤3 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Lee Jungnam , Jin Young‐Joo , Shin Seung Kak , Kwon Jung Hyun , Kim Sang Gyune , Yu Jung Hwan , Lee Jin‐Woo , Kwon Oh Sang , Nahm Soon Woo , Kim Young Seok 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and AimTransarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is one of the standard modalities used to treat unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the effectiveness of TACE for treating patients with a solitary small (≤3 cm) HCC and well‐preserved liver function has not been definitively established. This study aimed to determine the therapeutic impact of TACE in patients with these characteristics.MethodsThis multicenter (four university hospitals) retrospective cohort study analyzed the medical records of 250 patients with a solitary small (≤3 cm) HCC and Child–Turcotte–Pugh (CTP) class A liver function diagnosed over 10 years. Posttreatment outcomes, including overall survival (OS), recurrence‐free survival (RFS), and adverse events, were assessed following TACE therapy.ResultsOne hundred and thirty‐eight of the 250 patients (55.2%) treated with TACE achieved complete remission (CR). Overall median OS was 77.7 months, and median OS was significantly longer in the CR group than in the non‐CR group (89.1 vs. 58.8 months, P = 0.001). Median RFS was 19.1 months in the CR group. Subgroup analysis identified hypertension, an elevated serum albumin level, and achieving CR as significant positive predictors of OS, whereas diabetes, hepatitis c virus infection, and tumor size (>2 cm) were poor prognostic factors of OS.ConclusionsThe study demonstrates the effectiveness of TACE as a viable alternative for treating solitary small (≤3 cm) HCC in CTP class A patients.
Mechanical properties, collagen and glycosaminoglycan content of equine superficial digital flexor tendons are not affected by training
Authors: Yeung Ching‐Yan Chloé , Svensson René B. , Mogensen Nikoline M. B. , Merkel Max F. R. , Schjerling Peter , Jokipii‐Utzon Anja , Zhang Cheng , Carstensen Helena , Buhl Rikke , Kjaer Michael 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhysical activity can activate extracellular matrix (ECM) protein synthesis and influence the size and mechanical properties of tendon. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether different training histories of horses would influence the synthesis of collagen and other matrix proteins and alter the mechanical properties of tendon. Samples from superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) from horses that were either (a) currently race trained (n = 5), (b) previously race trained (n = 5) or (c) untrained (n = 4) were analysed for matrix protein abundance (mass spectrometry), collagen and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, ECM gene expression and mechanical properties. It was found that ECM synthesis by tendon fibroblasts in vitro varied depending upon the previous training history. In contrast, fascicle morphology, collagen and GAG content, mechanical properties and ECM gene expression of the tendon did not reveal any significant differences between groups. In conclusion, although we could not identify any direct impact of the physical training history on the mechanical properties or major ECM components of the tendon, it is evident that horse tendon cells are responsive to loading in vivo, and the training background may lead to a modification in the composition of newly synthesised matrix.
The effect of bubbles on production: The state of the literature
Authors: Fernández‐González Cristhian , Hierro Luis A. , Domínguez‐Torres Helena 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a comprehensive review is carried out on the strand of the literature related to the effects of bubbles on production, which includes the scarce empirical literature. The content is structured according to the bubble phase, since a major part of the literature considers that during the boom, there can be a crowding‐in effect that can even offset the crowding‐out effect derived from the bursting of the bubble. This possibility is due to the influence of two opposing mechanisms: a substitution effect derived from the possible diversion of resources previously allocated to productive investments, and an income effect derived from the fact that investors have more resources obtained from the sale of the bubble assets and from the role of these assets as collateral in loan operations. Studies also show the negative effect derived from the involvement of banks in bubbles. In this paper, both the results of the research and the main methodological framework are reviewed, thereby identifying as a gap in the literature to be considered for future research: the scarcity of empirical research, of studies that include demand factors, of papers that address bubbles in nonfinancial and nonhousing markets, and in undeveloped and emerging countries.
Teaching psychiatric nursing with films during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A qualitative study
Authors: Arkan Burcu , Bostanlı Aylin 
Published: May 2024

Accessible summaryWhat is known on the subject

Interactive learning environments are known to be among the most effective methods used in education.

Some of the interactive methods used in psychiatric nursing education are simulations, group discussions, case studies and video and film presentations. In psychiatric nursing education, cinematic films are among the online methods used.

It is known that films used in psychiatric nursing education are useful for understanding mental disorders, the nurse–patient relationship, the roles of the nurse and the therapeutic environment.

What the paper adds to existing knowledge

The COVID‐19 pandemic deeply affected nursing education, and the difficulties faced gave rise to many new perspectives. After this period, it is of prime importance to update the nursing curriculum and develop new strategies in clinical practice.

Teaching with films can help students to understand people's feelings, make sense of them and empathize. This method can have an emotional impact on student nurses and take learning to a deeper level beyond simple theoretical understanding.

What are the implications for practice

The findings of the study suggest that teaching through film is an effective method that can be used practically in psychiatric nursing education.

Standardizing these practices may be an effective strategy for developing students' professional identity as nurses.

This study is focused on undergraduate students, but has implications for nurses in continuing education and professional development of nurses in developing a positive perspective towards psychiatric patients, increasing self‐awareness and reducing prejudices.

AbstractIntroductionThe COVID‐19 pandemic affected many areas of life and had a negative effect on education.Aim/QuestionThis study investigated the impacts of using film as a method of education in students who were taking Psychiatric Nursing class during the COVID‐19 pandemic, examining how this method contributed to theoretical and clinical practices of the students, their personal development and their viewpoint on psychiatric patients.MethodThis study adopted a qualitative research design. The study data were collected from 15 nursing students in June 2022. Interviews were conducted, audiotaped and transcribed verbatim.ResultsThe method of education via film made contributions such as better theoretical understanding of the subjects taught, acquisition of analytical thinking skills and greater awareness of professional nursing skills and care practices. The students developed their professional perspectives, and their motivation increased.DiscussionUsing film is effective and practical when used in psychiatric nursing education. Standardizing these practices may be an effective strategy for developing students' sense of their identity as professional nurses.Implication for PracticeThis study relates directly to undergraduate students and also has implications for nurses undergoing continuing education and professional development.
Detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in an inflammatory pericardial effusion of a dog
Authors: Murdock Betsy K. , Bach Jonathan F. , Qurollo Barbara A. , Lashnits Erin W. , Friedrichs Kristen R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAn 11‐year‐old female spayed German Wirehaired Pointer with a 1‐week history of lethargy, hyporexia, diarrhea, and coughing presented with pericardial effusion causing cardiac tamponade. An echocardiogram revealed no structural cause for pericardial effusion. The pericardial effusion was an exudate with mixed macrophagic and neutrophilic inflammation. Morulae occasionally were found within neutrophils. The pericardial fluid and blood were qPCR and cPCR positive for Anaplasma phagocytophilum (NC State University, Vector‐borne Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Raleigh, NC). The dog's blood was negative by ELISA (Vetscan Flex4 Rapid Test, Zoetis, Parsippany, NJ) for A. phagocytophilum antibodies at initial presentation and subsequently positive (SNAP4DxPlus, IDEXX, Westbrook, ME) 7 days later. After pericardiocentesis and administration of doxycycline (5 mg/kg PO q12h for 14 days), a repeat echocardiogram performed 1 month later showed no recurrence of pericardial effusion.
Evaluation of fate of organic matter in sediment through microcosm experiments
Authors: Gardade Laxman , Khandeparker Lidita 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLaboratory microcosm experiments help to understand the degradation pattern of different sources derived from organic matter (OM) at the sediment–water interface and relate it to field processes. Microcosm experiments were carried out for 65 days to assess the degradation of organic materials such as diatoms, zooplankton, and mangrove leaves using source‐specific fatty acid (FA) biomarkers. The viable bacterial population in the microcosm sediment was low on day 1, but on day 3, it increased substantially by two to threefold in all the treatments. An increase in the bacterial population resulted in a decrease in the FAs specific to organic materials during the initial incubation phase (10 days), suggesting the degradation of organic materials derived from different sources. The FAs specific to diatoms showed faster degradation when compared to zooplankton and mangrove‐specific FAs. The degradation of FAs was influenced by the nature of the source material, unsaturation of FAs, and the sediment type. Sandy sediment facilitated higher degradation of diatom and zooplankton‐specific FAs, whereas mangrove‐specific FAs showed higher degradation in silty‐clay sediment. Thus, bacterial community composition coupled with the habitat characteristics, the OM composition, and the grain size of the sediment, influenced the degradation of FAs. The degradation of mangrove‐specific long‐chain FAs was ~1.11–2.5 times higher when spiked with plankton‐derived labile OM from mixed sources, which otherwise took a longer time for degradation pointing toward co‐metabolism (priming effect), which could play a significant role in the cycling of terrestrial plant‐derived OM in an estuarine ecosystem.