bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural Networks in Legal Theory
Authors: Verenich Vadim 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article explores the domain of legal analysis and its methodologies, emphasising the significance of generalisation in legal systems. It discusses the process of generalisation in relation to legal concepts and the development of ideal concepts that form the foundation of law. The article examines the role of logical induction and its similarities with semantic generalisation, highlighting their importance in legal decision-making. It also critiques the formal-deductive approach in legal practice and advocates for more adaptable models, incorporating fuzzy logic, non-monotonic defeasible reasoning, and artificial intelligence. The potential application of neural networks, specifically deep learning algorithms, in legal theory is also discussed. The article discusses how neural networks encode legal knowledge in their synaptic connections, while the syllogistic model condenses legal information into axioms. The article also highlights how neural networks assimilate novel experiences and exhibit evolutionary progression, unlike the deductive model of law. Additionally, the article examines the historical and theoretical foundations of jurisprudence that align with the basic principles of neural networks. It delves into the statistical analysis of legal phenomena and theories that view legal development as an evolutionary process. The article then explores Friedrich Hayek’s theory of law as an autonomous self-organising system and its compatibility with neural network models. It concludes by discussing the implications of Hayek’s theory on the role of a lawyer and the precision of neural networks.
Bank Profitability Indicators in the Context of Modern Technology: A Comparative Study (Commercial Banks, Islamic Banks)
Authors: Alali Shireen Mahmoud , Shawaqfeh George Nasser , Almomani Mohammed Abd-Akarim 
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The aim of the current study is to identify profitability indicators in commercial banks in light of modern technology compared to Islamic banks.

Method/design/approach: To achieve the study objectives, descriptive approach methods were followed, after-tax profitability indicators were used during 2018-2023 in which banking technology became widespread in specially in Islamic banks.

Results and conclusion: The research uncovered variations in profitability metrics between commercial banks and Islamic banks from 2020 to 2022, with consistency observed in subsequent years. Based on these findings, the study delineates several recommendations.

Research implications: In this study comparing the profitability measures of banks looking at Islamic banks in the context of technology it provides valuable insights, for making strategic decisions in banking sector and finance. The findings from this study can guide customized strategies to use progress for improved profitability and competitiveness, in both types of banking institutions.

Originality/value: By exploring how these two distinct banking models navigate and leverage modern technology to enhance profitability, this study provides insights into the intersection of finance, technology, and banking practices. This fills a crucial gap in existing literature and offers valuable implications for practitioners, policymakers, and scholars seeking to understand and optimize banking strategies in the digital age.
Nowcasting Vietnam's Export Growth with Mixed Frequency Data
Authors: Nguyen Thi Hien , Le Mai Trang , Hoang Anh Tuan , Tran Kim Anh , Giap Cu Nguyen 
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The primary objective of this study is to investigate and employ a practical and meaningful nowcasting model to predict Vietnam's export growth based on factors of export supply and demand alongside relevant financial indicators.

Theoretical Framework: This study employs the concepts and theories of nowcasting model with mixed frequency data to create the conceptual framework.

Methodology: This study employs four commonly-used models in nowcasting: the bridge equation model (BEQ), Bayesian VAR model (BVAR), mixed frequency vector autoregressive model (MFVAR), and mixed data sampling regression (MIDAS).

Findings: According to the experimental findings, the mixed frequency data models outperformed the models utilizing the same frequency data in nowcasting Vietnam's export growth. Additionally, this model demonstrated effectiveness in instantaneous and short-term forecasting. MIDAS emerged as the most suitable choice for nowcasting Vietnam's export growth among the models examined.

Implication of Research: using data with mixed frequency along with corrresponding methods is the good way for nowcasting.

Originality/Value: This study used macroeconomics factors to nowcast the export growth in Vietnam. It applied four different models including BEQ, BVAR, MFVAR, and MIDAS. The study reveals the roles of data and the potential capability in nowcasting of MIDAS model.
The Crises of Political System in Iraq Since 2005
Authors: Almezory Huda 
Published: April 2024

The political system in Iraq post 2005 is unstable due to several reasons; first, the influence of ethno-sectarian, religion, and tribal affiliations on the Iraqi politics. Second, violating the constitution by branches of government in general and executive power in particular. The researcher has utilized the most relevant literature for collecting all the data which are belong to this study in order to investigate the causes and effects behind the crises of political system since-2005. This study has applied instability theory for analyzing data. After analyzing the existing data with results the researcher indicated that there is a strong relation between established literature and findings in this study project. The researcher finds out the importance of this topic to evaluate the political system in Iraq since 2005 and to investigate the causes and effects behind the crises of the political system in Iraq post-2005. The findings of this study will confirms whether the lack of political culture and the dominance of tribal society leads to political instability in Iraq and, how the ongoing interference from foreign states becomes the main challenge towards state-building in Iraq.
Assessment of the danger of the release of deep hydrogen sulfide from the Black Sea to the surface
Authors: Degterev Andrey Kharitonovich , Kucherik Galina Valentinovna 
Published: April 2024

The relevance of this study is due to the fact that the Black Sea is the largest body of water with a hydrogen sulfide zone. The proven reserves of hydrogen sulfide in the water column of the Black Sea amount to five billion tons. In terms of volume, this corresponds to 3.5 trillion cubic meters. At the same time, a mixture of hydrogen sulfide with air is explosive starting with a concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the air of 50 g/ m3. In addition, hydrogen sulfide is toxic, since it is a nerve gas, deadly already at 1 g/ m3. It is of interest to assess the possibility of the release of hydrogen sulfide waters of the sea to the surface with their subsequent degassing, as well as the consequences of increasing the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in surface waters and in the air for coastal areas. The distribution of hydrogen sulfide in the Black Sea is well studied. Especially a lot of measurement data was obtained for the top layer at a depth of 1000 m. Data on the concentration of hydrogen sulfide at depths from 1000 m to 2000 m is significantly less for technical reasons. The maximum concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the sea is reached at depths above 1500 m. A numerical assessment of the consequences of the release of deep waters to the surface has been obtained. It is shown that the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the air will not exceed 1 g/m3, which is almost two orders of magnitude less than the explosive concentration. The balance estimates of oxygen and hydrogen sulfide fluxes in the Black Sea are considered in connection with forecasts of a rise in the boundary of the hydrogen sulfide zone. It is shown that the rise of the boundary is a consequence of the imbalance of these flows, however, the amount of net hydrogen sulfide production cannot be estimated accurately enough. With an accuracy of estimates of the fluxes themselves of 20–30%, the resulting increase in the amount of hydrogen sulfide per year is a statistically insignificant amount. The release of hydrogen sulfide to the surface in the foreseeable future is possible if the stratification of waters is disrupted by mechanical intervention.
SOSIALISASI HUKUM TERHADAP SISWA SMPN 4 PONTIANAK TENTANG BAHAYA NARKOBA
Authors: Angelina Piramitha - 
Published: April 2024

Saat ini, penyalahgunaan narkoba (narkotika, psikotropika, dan zat-zat adiktif lainnya), khususnya di kalangan pelajar, terlebih yang berada di wilayah-wilayah rentan terpapar, seperti di sekitar wilayah SMPN 4 Pontianak masih menjadi masalah yang serius. Oleh karena itu, pengetahuan hukum, terkait latar belakang undang-undang, termasuk bahaya penyalahgunaan narkoba bagi kesehatan, serta konsekuensi berupa sanksi pidana yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2009 Tentang Narkotika dan Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1997 Tentang Psikotropika perlu disosialisasikan, termasuk kepada para pelajar SMP, sebagai upaya pencegahan agar mendapat pengetahuan dan pemahaman hukum, sehingga tidak menjadi pelaku penyalahgunaan narkoba dan menjadi generasi penerus bangsa yang berkualitas, serta sebagai upaya mematuhi dan mewujudkan tujuan pemberlakuan teori fiksi hukum di seluruh lapisan dan kalangan masyarakat Indonesia, termasuk di kalangan anak. Dengan dukungan Kepala Sekolah dan para Guru di SMPN 4 Pontianak, kegiatan sosialisasi berjalan baik dan sesuai jadwal. Hasil evaluasi kegiatan berdasarkan pengisian kuesioner oleh 37 orang siswa yang menjadi peserta juga baik. Diharapkan para siswa yang mengikuti kegiatan dapat menjadi pelopor atau penggerak komunitas pemuda anti narkoba di wilayahnya.Kata Kunci: Narkoba, Sosialisasi, Siswa
The Role of Electronic Management in Increasing productivity an Applied study in Hilla Textile Factory
Authors: Asadi Mansour , Hasan Athraa saad 
Published: April 2024

أزدادت أهمية الادارة الالكترونية كأداة فعالة لزيادة الانتاجية في مختلف القطاعات الانتاجية نظرا للتطورات التي حدث على تكنولوجيا المعلومات والاتصالات ودخولها في مختلف مجالات الحياة لذلك سنوضح الحاجة الماسة لدور الادارة الالكترونية في القطاعات الانتاجية لان الشركات الانتاجية تتأثر بالبيئة الخارجية .لقد احتوى البحث على السؤال الاصلي والفرعي وثلاثة فرضيات لاثبتها في البحث وعلاقتها بزيادة الانتاجية في معمل نسيج الحلة تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي لأثبات الفروض. ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة قامت الباحثة بتصميم استمارة استبيان لموظفي العاملين بالمعمل المبحوث وتم أختيارهم بصورة عشوائية وقد اشتملت الاستبانة على (32 فقرة) للحصول على المعلومات الاولية لعينه الدراسة المكونة من (340) موظفاً من أصل حجم العينة (1425) موظفاً ولقد جرى جمع وتحليل البيانات واختبار الفرضيات باستخدام الاساليب الاحصائية للعلوم الاجتماعية SPSS استخدمت العديد من الاساليب الاحصائية لتحقيق الاهداف المرجوة الدراسة ومنها معامل ثبات باستخدام معامل ألفا كرنوباخ لعبارات الاستبانة، التكرارات، والنسب المئوية وبعد أجراء عملية التحليل لبيانات الدراسة وفرضياتها توصلت الدراسة الى النتائج يوجد أثر ذو دلالة إحصائية للإدارة الالكترونية لنقص الكوادر المتخصصة في الانتاج على زيادة الانتاجية عند مستوى دلالة .يوجد أثر ذو دلالة أحصائية للإدارة الالكترونية لدور الادارة العليا في تطبيق عمليات التطوير بالتعاون مع ادارة البحث والتطوير الموجودة بالمعمل المبحوث عند مستوى دلالة. يوجد أثر ذو دلالة أحصائية للإدارة الالكترونية لمتغير رضا العاملين عن مستوى الخدمات التي يقدمها المعمل للسوق عند مستوى دلالة .
Analisis effisiensi penukaran ion pada unit demineralisasi di PT Petrowidada
Authors: Pratama Bagas Aji , Setiawan Oki 
Published: April 2024

Air demineralisasi merupakan air yang memiliki banyak kegunaan. Dilaboratorium air demineralisasi digunakan sebagai pelarut dan pencuci peralaratan laboratorium, sedangkan di industri air demineralisasi digunakan sebagai air proses untuk BWF (Boiler Feed Water). Proses demineralisasi air menggunakan pertukaran ion merupakan salah satu cara proses pemurnian air .Pada dasarnya proses pemurnian air dengan metode pertukaran ion adalah mengganti semua kation dan anion(selain OH-) yang terlarut dalam air dengan kation hidrogen dan anion OH- dari dalam resin. Analisis efisiensi resin pertukran ion pada penelitian ini mengunakan data pengamatan konduktivias raw water dengan produk air hasil deminerlisasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa nilai efisiensi resin kation dan anion pada proses demineralisasi secara berurutab sebesar 72,86 % dan 82,05 %. Hasil lain juga menunjukan bahwa lama siklus regenerasi pada proses demineralisasi yaitu selama 13 jam untuk penggunaan secara berkelanjutan. Nilai efisiensi resin kation tergolong dibawah standar yaitu 80%, artiya resin kation mengalami kejenuhan dan penurunan kualitas. Sementara itu untuk resin anion perolehan nilai efisiensinya diatas 80% menunjukan kualitas resin tergolong sangat baik dan tidak jenuh.
PERAN PRODUSEN DALAM MELINDUNGI KONSUMEN MELALUI SERTIFIKASI HALAL PRODUK
Authors: Qodir Abdul , Muhim Ahmad 
Published: April 2024

Sertifikasi halal merupakan salah satu jenis sertifikasi yang dapat memberikan ketenangan bagi konsumen muslim dalam membeli suatu produk. Selama proses ini, keuntungan yang diperoleh pemilik usaha atau produsen cukup besar. Mereka tidak hanya peduli dengan jaminan kualitas produk yang dihasilkan, tetapi juga memberikan informasi hukum kepada konsumen tentang produk yang diproduksi dan didistribusikan, serta melakukan penyelidikan lain terkait produk tersebut. Oleh karena itu, produsen bertindak sebagai penjaga standar kehalalan dan kepatuhan terhadap regulasi, sehingga konsumen memiliki kepercayaan penuh terhadap produk yang mereka beli.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana produsen memberikan jaminan kepada konsumennya bahwa produk yang diedarkan adalah benar kehalalanya dan apa jaminan yang mereka berikan bahwa produknya telah halal. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitianini berjenis deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan sosial berupa pendampingan terhadap pelaku usaha. Hasil dan Pembahasan Produsen meyakinkan pelanggannya bahwa produk yang dijualnya adalah benar halalnya. Selain itu, produsen juga memperoleh keuntungan dari proses sertifikasi produk halal dan dapat menjadi tolok ukur kualitas produk dan kepatuhan produsen terhadap regulasi mengenai sertifikasi produk halal.Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa produsen berupaya untuk memberikan kepastian hukum tentang produk olahan yang diolah dan diedarkan adalah benar kehalalanya sesuai dengan tandar halal dengan dibuktikan melalui sertifikat halal yang dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah.
ANALISIS TINGKAT KEPUASAN PELAKU USAHA MIKRO DAN KECIL TERHADAP PELAYANAN SERTIFIKASI HALAL SELF DECLARE
Authors: Hastuti Dewi , Maharani Farikha , Subekti Endah , Takhim M , Husna Asmaul 
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The halal product process assistant (P3H) plays an important role in managing self-declaration halal certification, namely as a person who assists micro and small entrepreneurs (MSEs) to declare the halalness of their digital-based products. Services that are not maximized can reduce the trust and number of MSEs to take care of halal certificates. The originality of this research lies in a comprehensive study of business actor satisfaction with P3H performance. This study aims to identify and measure business actor satisfaction and analyze attributes that are very important in influencing the quality of P3H services. The respondents of this study were 100 MSEs who had obtained halal certificates through P3H assistance. The research method is the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method which is then plotted using the Cartesian Diagram and the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) method. The results showed that the IPA calculation had a suitability level value of 97.75% and on the Cartesian Diagram of 19 attributes there were 2 attributes that required improvement and improvement, namely attribute number 3 (tangibles) and 16 (assurance). The results of the calculation of the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) method get a score of 88.51%, indicating that MSE businesses feel "very satisfied" because the score is in the scale range of 81% to 100%, so it can be said that P3H's performance is very good. This study implies that P3H must continue to improve service quality, especially attributes whose service value is less than satisfactory and can maintain or improve attributes that are very important and very satisfying in order to increase satisfaction with self-declare halal certification services.
EQUITY CROWDFUNDING AS AN ALTERNATIVE FUNDING FOR MARITIME INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Adhastyananda Ida bagus Riscy , Hikmawan Fajar Yusuf 
Published: April 2024

The limited government funds necessitate the need for alternative financing for maritime infrastructure development. The purpose of this research is to explore the potential of equity crowdfunding as an alternative funding source for maritime infrastructure development. The results of this study conclude that equity crowdfunding has significant potential as an alternative financing method for maritime infrastructure. However, its current utilization is primarily for small-scale infrastructure construction or development. This is due to regulations limiting the maximum amount of funds that can be raised.
Pemetaan Infrastruktur Fisik Desa Sebagai Kampung Wisata Bunga di Banyuurip Kec. Kedamean, Kabupaten Gresik
Authors: Rolalisasi Andarita , Faisal Muhammad , Himawan Putra Reza Wahyu 
Published: April 2024

Tourism is one of the sectors that collapsed during the COVID-19 pandemic. On the other hand, floral plants have increasing turnover along with Working From Home. So the Tourism Village with floral plant-based is one solution to improve the local economy during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research aims to create physical infrastructure mapping at Banyuurip, Kedamean Sub-district, Gresik District to embody Floral Tourism Village. This method uses descriptive qualitative by describing the survey and mapping results to provide an overview of the existing physical infrastructure of Banyuurip Village. The results of this research indicate that sub-Village of Miru and Pendem are centers of the Floral Tourism Village in Banyuurip which are supported by adequate eating facilities, transportation support, telecommunications, water systems, and electricity networks.
Updating the technological base of the economy and real interest rates
Authors: Дементьев В.Е. 
Published: April 2024

В статье обосновывается положение, согласно которому влияние реальных процентных ставок на экономику зависит от того, на каком этапе технологического развития она находится. Предложена концептуальная модель технологических изменений, допускающая использование заемного капитал в качестве средства ускоренного обновления технологической базы производства. Основные утверждения поясняются с помощью расчетов по этой дискретной модели, в которой выделены последовательные фазы технологического развития экономической системы. В период активного освоения новых технологий широкого применения наращивание инвестиций в такие технологии может сочетаться с ростом процентных ставок. Обращается внимание на то, что политика низких процентных ставок не способна компенсировать исчерпание возможностей старых технологий широкого применения, когда новые еще не обеспечивают радикального обновления технологической базы производства. Траектории, полученные из расчетов по модели, сопоставляются с эволюцией реальной процентной ставки и доли частных нежилищных инвестиций в ВВП США в период 1961–2021 гг. Динамика рассматриваемых показателей свидетельствует о том, что, когда в повестке дня — структурные сдвиги в производстве, от экономической политики требуется дифференцированный подход к отдельным звеньям экономики.
The article substantiates that the impact of real interest rates on the economy depends on what stage of technological development it is at. A conceptual model of technological changes is proposed, it allows using borrowed capital as a means of accelerated renewal of the technological base of production. The main statements are explained with calculations based on this discrete model, in which successive phases of technological development of the economic system are highlighted. At the stage of active development of new general purpose technologies, increased investment in these technologies can be combined with an increase in interest rates. Attention is drawn to the fact that the policy of low interest rates is not able to compensate for the exhaustion of the possibilities of old general purpose technologies, when the new ones do not yet provide a radical renewal of the technological base of production. The trajectories obtained from the model calculations are compared with the evolution of the real interest rate and the share of private non-residential investments in the US GDP in the period 1961–2021. The dynamics of the indicators under consideration shows that when structural shifts in production are on the agenda, a differentiated approach to individual parts of the economy is required as part of economic policy.
A comprehensive review of the effects of social resources on the development of qualified instructors and children's learning performance
Authors: Jain Vibhor , Bijlani Anupamaa , Gupta Rahul , Bagaria Onkar 
Published: April 2024

The academic accomplishment of students is influenced by teachers' professional development (TDP), which is greatly influenced by social capital (SC). The networks, connections, and resources that educators can access inside their educational communities are included in this complex idea. This analysis looks at the impact of SC on students' academic success and teachers' professional development. The Mixed-methods technique and the (PRISMA) Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement serve as guides as the study carefully evaluates the caliber and applicability of the gathered research. A total of 10 empirical factors were incorporated in the final review after strict qualifying requirements were satisfied. The results show that three different categories of outcomes are linked to teachers' SC: 1) consequence of changes, 2) growth of professional teachers, and 3) enhanced academic performance. Notably, the cumulative effects of these outcomes contribute to the unspecified objective of promoting equity in education. The research should concentrate on gaining a better knowledge of the complex relationship among these dimensions as well as the organizational arrangement of schools in the future. It should be done to achieve the goals connected with teacher SC.
Digitalization of MSMEs: A bibliometric analysis using Biblioshiny and VOSviewer
Authors: Nurhayati Sita , Rahmawati Alni , Surwanti Arni 
Published: April 2024

The primary objective of this study was to analyze the research progress made regarding the digitalization of MSMEs via the Scopus data source. The research was addressed by bibliometric analysis through the visualization software packages Biblioshiny and VOSviewer. The study’s objective is to analyze the progress of research on digitalization on MSMEs. The survey results show that the digitalization of MSMEs experienced a positive growth trend from 2018-2023. The best contribution of this research is to emphasize both the authors and sources and relevant documents and explore the collaboration of digitalization research on MSME. A thorough review will benefit future researchers by helping them create a solid conceptual framework that provides an overview of research around the world.