bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vapour‐Induced Amorphous–Crystalline Transformation of a Luminescent Platinum(II)–Diimine Complex
Authors: Kobayashi Atsushi , Yonemura Tsubasa , Kato Masako 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA novel luminescent platinum(II)–diimine complex, Na2[Pt(CN)2(dcbpy)]·nH2O (H2dcbpy = 4,4′‐dicarboxy‐2,2′‐bipyridine, n = 2 or 5) was synthesized and investigated by using X‐ray diffraction measurements and spectroscopy. Complex Na2[Pt(CN)2(dcbpy)]·2H2O was first obtained as a red amorphous solid (1A) that exhibits bright luminescence at 623 nm. After recrystallization, two crystalline forms, the dihydrate form, 1C, and the pentahydrate form, Na2[Pt(CN)2(dcbpy)]·5H2O (2), were obtained and analyzed by the single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction method. Upon exposure of the amorphous form 1A to hydrophilic vapours such as those of MeOH and acetone, 1A irreversibly changed to a yellow crystalline solid 1C that showed luminescence at 608 nm with a shoulder at 568 nm. This vapour‐induced amorphous–crystalline transformation has never been observed either by exposing 1A to hydrophobic vapours nor by increasing the temperature up to 410 K. IR spectroscopy revealed that the amorphous–crystalline transformation did not involve the adsorption of the vapour. This phenomenon of irreversible structural transformation accompanied by change of luminescence is possibly applicable to vapour history sensors.
New Methodology for the Stereoselective Synthesis of α‐Furfurylamines from Sugars: Application to the Synthesis of Furyl Amino Acids and 3‐Furylisoserines
Authors: Molina Lidia , Moreno‐Clavijo Elena , Moreno‐Vargas Antonio J. , Carmona Ana T. , Robina Inmaculada 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe synthesis of two new furyl amino acids as rigid isosteres of the dipeptides (D)‐H‐Ser‐(D,L)‐Thr‐OH and (L)‐H‐Ser‐(D,L)‐Thr‐OH is presented. The developed synthetic methodology starts from D‐xylose and D‐arabinose and makes use of trihydroxypropylfurans as intermediates. The key step of the strategy is the introduction of an amino function at the α‐position of the adequate trihydroxypropylfuran derivative. This methodology was also applied to the synthesis of two new (2R,3R)‐3‐furylisoserines as analogues of the C‐13 Taxol/Taxotere side chain.
Axially Extended Perylene Dyes
Authors: Langhals Heinz , Pust Tim 
Published: April 2010

AbstractPerylenecarboxylic anhydride imides were condensed with semicarbazide and thiosemicarbazide to form perylene dyes extended by triazoline rings and bathochromically shifted UV/Vis absorption and fluorescence. The thiocarbonyl derivative reacts with diazo compounds to cause a further extension with spiro‐arranged thiirane rings. Applications in analytics are discussed.
Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of syn‐1,3‐Diols through a Sequential Titanium‐Mediated Aldol Reaction and LiBH4 Reduction
Authors: Esteve Judit , Matas Sònia , Pellicena Miquel , Velasco Javier , Romea Pedro , Urpí Fèlix , Font‐Bardia Mercè 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA sequential transformation based on a titanium‐mediated aldol reaction from chiral α‐tert‐butyldimethylsilyloxy ketones followed by reduction of the resultant aldolates with LiBH4 provides a straightforward access to syn‐1,3‐diols. These diols, containing up to three new stereocentres, can be easily isolated in high yields after a simple work‐up without any additional oxidative treatment, which confers to this procedure an appealing position to prepare stereoselectively such sort of structures.
The genotoxicity of particulate and soluble chromate in sperm whale (physeter macrocephalus) skin fibroblasts
Authors: Wise John Pierce , Wise Sandra S. , LaCerte Carolyne , Wise John Pierce , Aboueissa AbouEl‐Makarim 
Published: April 2010

AbstractHexavalent chromium is a marine pollutant of concern, both for the health of ocean ecosystems and for public health. Hexavalent chromium is known to induce genotoxicity in human and other terrestrial mammals. It is also known to be present in both water and air in the marine environment. However, currently there are limited data concerning both chromium levels and its toxicological effects in marine mammals. This study investigated the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of soluble and particulate hexavalent chromium in sperm whale skin fibroblasts. Both forms of hexavalent chromium induced concentration‐dependent increases in cytotoxicity and genotoxicity indicating that these compounds can be a health risk if the whales are exposed to them. These data support a hypothesis that chromium is a concern in the marine environment in general and for the health of sperm whales in particular. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 52:43–49, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genotoxicity of lavender oil, linalyl acetate, and linalool on human lymphocytes in vitro
Authors: Di Sotto Antonella , Mazzanti Gabriela , Carbone Fabio , Hrelia Patrizia , Maffei Francesca 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe potential genotoxicity of lavender essential oil and its major components, linalool, and linalyl acetate, was evaluated in vitro by the micronucleus test on peripheral human lymphocytes. In the range of non‐toxic concentrations (0.5–100 μg/ml), linalyl acetate increased the frequency of micronuclei significantly and in concentration‐dependent manner; lavender oil did so only at the highest concentration tested, whereas linalool was devoid of genotoxicity. None of the tested substances led to an increase in nucleoplasmic bridges or nuclear buds frequency. These findings suggest that the mutagenic activity of lavender oil can be related to the presence of linalyl acetate, which seems to have a profile of an aneugenic agent. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 52:69–71, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An evaluation of the effectiveness and short‐term stability of an innovative Australian day patient programme for eating disorders
Authors: Willinge A. C. , Touyz S. W. , Thornton C. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThere is a dearth of literature evaluating day patient treatment for eating disorders based upon the targeted goals of treatment, to conclude that day patient programmes are effective. This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of an innovative day patient programme by examining whether the seven key treatment goals improved across treatment and were maintained 3 months after discharge. Of the 58 participants who completed measures assessing BMI, eating disorder cognitions, behaviours, core beliefs, readiness to change, quality of life and perpetuating factors at admission, discharge and follow‐up, 44 completed the day programme with 14 non‐completers. The results demonstrated that all seven treatment goals improved across treatment and the improvements were maintained or further improved at 3 month follow‐up. The results are discussed in context of the published day patient programme literature with implications for future research to maximise optimal treatment outcomes from day patient treatment. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Hillslopes, rivers, plows, and trucks: mass transport on Earth's surface by natural and technological processes
Authors: Haff P. K. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe surface of the earth is being transformed by a new force in the form of technological systems and processes that move significant quantities of mass large distances. Because movement of mass is perhaps the most basic geomorphic process, and because the continuing rise of technology appears to characterize a new epoch in earth evolution (the Anthropocene), it is of interest to compare technological and natural mass transport mechanisms. A purely dynamical ‘mass‐action’ metric, representing the product of mass displaced, distance moved, and mean speed of displacement, is used to compare the transport effectiveness of selected systems. Systems with large mass‐action tend to be advective, and systems with small mass‐action diffusive. Local environments are conditioned by mass‐action through the introduction of transport corridors, such as roads and rivers, which put constraints on mass transport by embedded diffusive systems. Advection also subjects local environments to externally determined time scales, such as the times for delivery of unit mass of water or sediment to a river mouth, and supports the emergence of associated dynamical processes there, for example those of human activity or delta construction, that are too rapid to be sustained by diffusion.Most of the world's mass‐action is generated by the motion of fluids of global or continental extent, as in atmospheric circulation or river flow. Technological mass‐action exceeds that of all land‐based geomorphic systems except rivers. Technological systems with large mass‐action tend to be comprised of discrete, self‐powered units (e.g. trucks). Discretization of transported mass reflects the different locomotion strategy required for transport of solids on land, compared with the transport requirements of spatially extensive fluids in nature. The principle of maximum entropy production may provide a framework for understanding the emergence of advective, technological mass‐transport systems. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of different mass transport calculation methods for wind erosion quantification purposes
Authors: Panebianco Juan E. , Buschiazzo Daniel E. , Zobeck Ted M. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractQuantitative estimation of the material transported by the wind under field conditions is essential for the study and control of wind erosion. A critical step of this calculation is the integration of the curve that relates the variation of the amount of the material carried by the wind with height. Several mathematical procedures have been proposed for this calculation, but results are scarce and controversial. One objective of this study was to assess the efficiency of three mathematical models (a rational, an exponential, and a simplified Gaussian function) for the calculation of the mass transport, as compared to the linear spline interpolation. Another objective of this study was to compare the mass transport calculated from field measurements obtained from a minimum of three discrete sampling heights with measurements of nine sampling heights. With this purpose, wind erosion was measured under low surface roughness conditions on an Entic Haplustoll during 25 events. The rational function was found to be mathematically limited for the estimation of wind eroded sediment mass flux. The simplified Gaussian model did not fit to the vertical mass flux profile data. Linear spline interpolation generally produced higher mass transport estimates than the exponential equation, and it proved to be a very flexible and robust method. Using different sampling arrangements and different mass flux models can produce differences of more than 45% in mass transport estimates, even under similar field conditions. Under the conditions of this study, at least three points between the soil surface and 1·5 m high, including one point as closest as possible to the surface, should be sampled in order to obtain accurate mass transport estimates. Additionally, the linear spline interpolation and the non‐linear regression using an exponential model, proved to be mathematically reliable methods for calculating the mass transport. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hydrodynamic behaviour of coarse bioclastic sand from shelly cheniers
Authors: Weill Pierre , Mouazé Dominique , Tessier Bernadette , Brun‐Cottan Jean‐Claude 
Published: April 2010

AbstractCheniers from Mont‐Saint‐Michel bay (France) are coarse shelly sand ridges migrating on the mudflat up to the salt marshes where they accumulate and merge in a littoral barrier. In this macrotidal setting and low wave forcing, the cheniers are rarely submerged. However, they are found to move up to several metres during coincidence of spring tide and wave activity. Their processes of migration, morphology and internal structure (composition of the beddings, grain size, sorting and grain arrangement) are thought to be closely related to the hydrodynamic behaviour of the coarse and shelly sediment.This paper focuses on the hydrodynamic behaviour of bioclastic sand sampled from the cheniers: settling velocities of the shell fragments were measured using a 2 m long sedimentation tube. Thresholds of motion under unidirectional current, velocity and turbulence vertical profiles were characterized in a small recirculating flume using Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA).The flat‐shaped bioclastic particles feature low settling velocities and reveal a good resistance to the re‐suspension effect of the flow when imbricated in a sediment bed. The shear stress in the bottom boundary layer has been measured in the viscous and log sub‐layers. Nikuradse roughness heights (ks) for shell debris beds of different sizes have been quantified. It is found that ks ≈ 2·56d50. This value is close to the ones used for classic rounded sand grains despite their major differences of shape.The dual behaviour of the shell fragments (low settling velocity, good resistance to unidirectional flow) should be considered as a key to understanding how this coarse material is transported across the tidal flat, and finally accumulated as cheniers. Further flume experiments including wave activity and tidal fluctuations are necessary to better quantify these complex processes. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Erosion and accretion processes in a muddy dissipative coast, the Chao Phraya River delta, Thailand
Authors: Uehara Katsuto , Sojisuporn Pramot , Saito Yoshiki , Jarupongsakul Thanawat 
Published: April 2010

AbstractSeasonal variation in seabed elevation in the muddy intertidal zone of the Chao Phraya River delta, an area of serious coastal erosion for 40 years, was assessed using information on waves and tides predicted by numerical simulations. The study area is under the influence of the Southeast Asian monsoon climate and lies in the innermost part of a sheltered gulf, across which a low‐gradient slope has developed. Observations, aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of a prototype breakwater on mitigating coastal erosion, indicated that the seasonal variation in the seabed elevation, typically about 30 cm, was caused primarily by seasonal changes in wave direction and height. The breakwater seems to have contributed to a net rise in the seabed level at sites behind the structure. Seabed erosion was most apparent during the northeast monsoon, when waves are weak. Erosion under this low wave energy state was attributed to the combined effect of wave breaking and the low tidal level. A difference in the observed seabed accretion rate between the transitional intermonsoon period and the succeeding southwest monsoon period was attributed to the direction of the wave energy flux; offshore sediments seem to have been supplied efficiently to the study area by waves during the transitional period. Another potential cause of seabed erosion and accretion during the wet southwest monsoon season was the discharge of water and sediments from local canals associated with intense tropical rainfall; this discharge seems to be linked to land use in the coastal area. The results of this study show the importance of monitoring across‐shore sediment transport for better understanding of coastal erosion processes. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantification of braided river channel change using archival digital image analysis
Authors: Lane S. N. , Widdison P. E. , Thomas R. E. , Ashworth P. J. , Best J. L. , Lunt I. A. , Sambrook Smith G. H. , Simpson C. J. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractHistorical archives of grey‐scale river channel imagery are extensive. Here, we present and test a methodology to extract detailed quantitative topographic data from such imagery of sand‐bed rivers. Extracting elevation information from rivers is difficult as they are characterized by a low relative relief (<4 m); the area of interest may be spatially extensive (e.g. active channel widths >500 m in large braided rivers); the rate of change of surface elevation is generally low except in the vicinity of individual channel banks where the rate of change is very high; there is the complication that comes from inundation; and there may be an added complication caused by blockage of the field of view by vegetation. Here, we couple archival photogrammetric techniques with image processing methods and test these for quantification of sand‐bed braided river dynamics, illustrated for a 500 m wide, 3 km long reach of the South Saskatchewan River, Canada. Digital photogrammetry was used to quantify dry areas and water edge elevations. A methodology was then used to calibrate the spectral signature of inundated areas by combining established two media digital photogrammetric methods and image matching. This allowed determination of detailed depth maps for inundated areas and, when combined with dry area data, creation of complete digital elevation models. Error propagation methods were used to determine the erosion and deposition depths detectable from sequential digital elevation models. The result was a series of elevation models that demonstrate the potential for acquiring detailed and precise elevation data from any historical aerial imagery of rivers without needing associated calibration data, provided that imagery is of the necessary scale to capture the features of interest. We use these data to highlight several aspects of channel change on the South Saskatchewan River, including bar movement, bank erosion and channel infilling. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Earings prediction by a finite strain multiplicative formulation for anisotropic elastoplastic materials
Authors: Vladimirov Ivaylo N. , Schwarze Marco , Reese Stefanie 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThis paper focuses on the simulation of earings in deep drawing of cups by means of a recently developed anisotropic constitutive model. The model is derived in a thermodynamicallyconsistent framework and includes nonlinear kinematic and isotropic hardening. It represents a multiplicative formulation of anisotropic finite elastoplasticity in the finite strain regime. The description of anisotropy is characterized by the use of the so‐called structure tensors as additional tensor‐valued arguments in the representation of the yield function and the plastic flow rule. The evolution equations are integrated by a form of the exponential map that retains the plastic volume and uses the spectral decomposition to evaluate the exponential tensor functions in closed form. Finally, finite element simulations of cylindrical cup drawing processes are performed and the predicted earings are compared to results from experiments (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Guidance of neurite outgrowth on aligned electrospun polypyrrole/poly(styrene‐β‐isobutylene‐β‐styrene) fiber platforms
Authors: Liu Xiao , Chen Jun , Gilmore Kerry J. , Higgins Michael J. , Liu Yong , Wallace Gordon G. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this work was to investigate the potential biomedical application of novel aligned electrospun polypyrrole (PPy)/poly(styrene‐β‐isobutylene‐β‐styrene) (SIBS) fibers. After successfully aligning the electroactive PPy/SIBS fibers based on our modified electrospinning method, we demonstrated that neurite outgrowth from PC12 cells could be highly orientated parallel to the aligned PPy/SIBS fibers. Physical interactions between the nerve cells and PPy/SIBS fibers through filopodia “sensing” were observed using atomic force microscopy. These observations indicate a role of contact guidance as a mechanism for the observed alignment. This work highlights the capacity for electroactive PPy/SIBS fibers to support and guide nerve cell differentiation through topographic cues, which is a highly desirable characteristic in medical implants for neurological applications. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010.
Castration induces changes in the cation‐dependent mannose‐6‐phosphate receptor in rat epididymis: Possible implications in secretion of lysosomal enzymes
Authors: Carvelli Lorena F. , Bannoud Nadia , Aguilera Carolina A. , Morales Carlos R. , Sosa Miguel A. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIt is believed that the mammalian epididymis participates in the maturation of the sperm due to its secretory activity. High concentrations of several secreted acid hydrolases are found in the epididymal lumen. Moreover, some of these enzymes are secreted by the epididymal epithelium in an androgen‐dependent fashion. In this study, we attempted to discern whether mannose‐6‐phosphate receptors (MPRs) regulate transport and secretion of lysosomal enzymes in the rat epididymis, and if these events are altered when the animals are subjected to hormonal manipulation. We observed that expression of cation‐dependent MPR (CD‐MPR) and cation‐independent MPR (CI‐MPR) increased significantly in caudal epididymis of castrated rats by immunoblot. This increase was corroborated by quantitation of MPRs, by binding assays. This change could be due to androgen deprivation, as a similar effect was observed after treatment with the anti‐androgenic drug flutamide. Furthermore, we observed that the CD‐MPR was redistributed to the apical area of the epithelium on castrated rats by immunohistochemistry, which is compatible with the redistribution of the receptors toward lighter fractions in a Percoll gradient. Consistent with a possible involvement of the CD‐MPR in the secretion, we observed an increase in pro‐cathepsin D levels in epididymal fluid after castration. We conclude that the CD‐MPR might be regulated by hormones and that this receptor might be involved in the secretion of specific enzymes into the rat epididymis. J. Cell. Biochem. 110: 1101–1110, 2010. Published 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cross‐talk between MAP kinase pathways is involved in IGF‐independent, IGFBP‐6‐induced Rh30 rhabdomyosarcoma cell migration
Authors: Fu Ping , Liang Guang Jun , Khot Sahil S. , Phan Robert , Bach Leon A. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractInsulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐6 (IGFBP‐6) inhibits the tumorigenic properties of IGF‐II‐dependent cancer cells by directly inhibiting IGF‐II actions. However, in some cases, IGFBP‐6 is associated with increased cancer cell tumorigenicity, which is unlikely to be due to IGF‐II inhibition. The mechanisms underlying the contradictory actions of IGFBP‐6 remain unclear. We recently generated an IGFBP‐6 mutant that does not bind IGFs (mIGFBP‐6) to address this issue. Although RD rhabdomyosarcoma cells express IGF‐II, we previously showed that mIGFBP‐6 promoted migration through an IGF‐independent, p38‐dependent pathway. We further studied the role of MAP kinases in IGFBP‐6‐induced migration of Rh30 rhabdomyosarcoma cells, which also express IGF‐II. In these cells, mIGFBP‐6 induced chemotaxis rather than chemokinesis. Both wild‐type (wt) and mIGFBP‐6 transiently induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and JNK1, but not p38. Inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation completely prevented mIGFBP‐6‐induced ERK1/2 activation and cell migration, whereas a JNK inhibitor partially prevented migration. Interestingly, p38 pathway inhibition completely prevented mIGFBP‐6‐induced ERK1/2 and JNK1 activation and migration despite mIGFBP‐6 not activating p38. Furthermore, blocking the ERK1/2 pathway also inhibited mIGFBP‐6‐induced JNK1 activation. In contrast, IGFBP‐6 had no effect on Akt phosphorylation and an Akt inhibitor had no effect on migration. These results indicate that IGFBP‐6 promotes Rh30 rhabdomyosarcoma chemotaxis in an IGF‐independent manner, and that MAPK signaling pathways and their cross‐talk play an important role in this process. Therefore, besides decreasing Rh30 cell proliferation by inhibiting IGF‐II, IGFBP‐6 promotes their migration via a distinct pathway. Understanding these disparate actions of IGFBP‐6 may lead to the development of novel cancer therapeutics. J. Cell. Physiol. 224: 636–643, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.