bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Industrial Heritage Tourism: a Regional Perspective (Warsaw)
Authors: Pawlikowska-Piechotka Anna 
Published: January 2010

Industrial Heritage Tourism: a Regional Perspective (Warsaw)When touring a region, one of the things previous generations certainly overlooked were the industrial areas. With the exception of the old saltmine "Wieliczka" in the south of Poland, industrial heritage was mainly unknown. Industrial landscape (mills, factories with chimneys emitting all-blackening smoke, poverty-stricken workers' houses) have been regarded with dislike and considered grim.Using the example of Warsaw's industrial heritage revitalization projects, we examined already modernized historic buildings, which sought to respond to tourist and leisure needs (museums, art galleries, cultural centres). We were interested in their new functions and meanings for urban space quality. We wanted to consider how much revitalized architecture help to change (socially, culturally, economically) declining areas and their painful "inner-city" image (Thorns 2001). Our research (carried out in 2005-2006) covered nine historic industrial compounds, already converted and having new functions. Results of our inquiry polls (taken in 2005-2006) confirmed the thesis, that revitalized historic industrial architecture might enrich urban space with values visible in many dimensions: social, historical, aesthetical and economic (Evans 2005). Although selected and studied cases in Warsaw were not completed equally successfully, due to the objective barriers or carelessness in the planning process, all show good results in space quality and cultural services improvement, appreciated by the local community members and visitors relevantly.Once neglected run-down Warsaw districts (Wola, Praga) now draw benefits from new identities, attracting tourists and enhancing the local community's sense of belonging and well-being. Similar cases were described by scholars after studies in other European cities (Jones 2006).
Validating Self-Report Measures of Pain and Function in Patients Undergoing Hip or Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Stratford Paul W. , Dogra Moneet , Woodhouse Linda , Kennedy Deborah M. , Spadoni Greg F. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: To investigate the factorial and construct validity of a four-item pain intensity scale, the P4, in patients awaiting primary total hip or knee arthroplasty secondary to osteoarthritis. Method: A construct validation design was applied to a sample of convenience of 117 patients (mean age 65.6 [SD = 11.2] years) at their preoperative visit. All patients completed the P4 and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to examine the factorial structure of the P4 and WOMAC. To evaluate construct validity, we examined the correlation between the P4 and WOMAC pain sub-scales and the ability of the P4 to differentiate between patients awaiting hip and knee replacement. Results: Two distinct factors consistent with the themes of pain and function were identified with P4 and WOMAC physical function items, but not with the WOMAC pain and physical function items. The P4 correlates more with the WOMAC pain scores (r = 0.67) than with the WOMAC physical function scores (r = 0.60). Conclusion: The P4's validity was supported in this patient group. The use of the P4 with the WOMAC physical function sub-scale provides a more distinct assessment of pain and function than the WOMAC pain and physical function scales.
Regional Muscle and Whole-Body Composition Factors Related to Mobility in Older Individuals: A Review
Authors: Kidde Jason , Marcus Robin , Dibble Lee , Smith Sheldon , LaStayo Paul 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: To describe previously reported locomotor muscle and whole-body composition factors related to mobility in older individuals.Methods: A narrative review of the literature, including a combination of search terms related to muscle and whole-body composition factors and to mobility in older individuals, was carried out. Statistical measures of association and risk were consolidated to summarize the common effects between studies.Results: Fifty-three studies were reviewed. Muscle and whole-body factors accounted for a substantial amount of the variability in walking speed, with coefficients of determination ranging from 0.30 to 0.47. Muscle power consistently accounted for a greater percentage of the variance in mobility than did strength. Risks associated with high fat mass presented a minimum odds ratio (OR) of 0.70 and a maximum OR of 4.07, while the minimum and maximum ORs associated with low lean mass were 0.87 and 2.30 respectively. Whole-body and regional fat deposits accounted for significant amounts of the variance in mobility.Conclusion: Muscle power accounts for a greater amount of the variance in the level of mobility in older individuals than does muscle strength. Whole-body fat accounts for a greater amount of the variance in level of mobility than does whole-body lean tissue. Fat stored within muscle also appears to increase the risk of a mobility limitation in older individuals.
Strategic Responses to Fiscal Constraints: A Health Policy Analysis of Hospital-Based Ambulatory Physical Therapy Services in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA)
Authors: Landry Michel D. , Verrier Molly C. , Williams A. Paul , Zakus David , Deber Raisa B. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: Ambulatory physical therapy (PT) services in Canada are required to be insured under the Canada Health Act, but only if delivered within hospitals. The present study analyzed strategic responses used by hospitals in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) to deliver PT services in an environment of fiscal constraint.Methods: Key informant interviews (n = 47) were conducted with participants from all hospitals located within the GTA.Results: Two primary strategic responses were identified: (1) “load shedding” through the elimination or reduction of services, and (2) “privatization” through contracting out or creating internal for-profit subsidiary clinics. All hospitals reported reductions in service delivery between 1996 and 2003, and 15.0% (7/47 hospitals) fully eliminated ambulatory services. Although only one of 47 hospitals contracted out services, another 15.0% (7/47) reported that for-profit subsidiary clinics were created within the hospital in order to access other more profitable forms of quasi-public and private funding.Conclusions: Strategic restructuring of services, aimed primarily at cost containment, may have yielded short-term financial savings but has also created a ripple effect across the continuum of care. Moreover, the rise of for-profit subsidiary clinics operating within not-for-profit hospitals has emerged without much public debate and with little research to evaluate its impact.
Postgraduate Physiotherapy Training: Interest and Perceived Barriers to Participation in a Clinical Master's Degree Programme
Authors: Sran Meena M. , Murphy Sue 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: To (1) assess whether physiotherapists in a large Canadian province support the offering of a clinical master's degree programme; (2) identify what sector of this population is interested in participating in a clinical master's degree programme; (3) identify the most common personal/professional reasons for enrolling; (4) identify the type of programme that would appeal; and (5) assess barriers to participation in such a programme.Methods: The survey and accompanying cover letter explaining the study were sent by postal mail to all 2,552 physiotherapists registered with the College of Physical Therapists of British Columbia (CPTBC).Results: The response rate was 17%; 90% of respondents support offering this type of physiotherapy degree in BC, and 14% reported that they were likely to enrol. Orthopaedics/manual therapy (41%) was the clinical area of most interest.Conclusions: There is strong support for a clinical master's degree in orthopaedic manual therapy in BC. There is greater support for a part-time programme with an inter-professional component, using a combination of e-learning and classroom teaching to reduce travel time and time away from family.
“I Think It, but Don't Often Write It”: The Barriers to Charting in Private Practice
Authors: Harman Katherine , Bassett Raewyn , Fenety Anne , Hoens Alison 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: To describe barriers to charting identified by physiotherapists working in private practice in New Brunswick. Method: Physiotherapists were invited to focus-group interviews to discuss the results of a comprehensive chart audit. Sixty-nine physiotherapists who responded were assigned to nine focus groups. Seven of nine audiotaped interviews (49 participants) were of sufficient quality to be transcribed and imported into qualitative data analysis software for thematic analysis. Results: Participants described the challenges of including charting in their routine client care. Barriers included the disjuncture between charting and thinking, the translation of impairment goals to functional goals, the time it takes to chart, fear of failure, and the difficulty of predicting length of treatment. Strategies to facilitate charting were suggested by participants. Conclusion: Understanding barriers to charting in private practice is necessary to improve the quality of documentation. Barriers described are related to the fast-moving nonverbal, kinaesthetic, and cognitive process that is clinical reasoning in physiotherapy. This tacit, implicit process is mismatched with the charting task, which requires that the implicit become explicit in written form. Strategies to facilitate charting noted by participants address some of these issues; however, a broader, profession-wide discussion is necessary.
Highly cited works in neurosurgery. Part I: the 100 top-cited papers in neurosurgical journals
Authors: Ponce Francisco A. , Lozano Andres M. 
Published: January 2010

Object
The number of citations a published article receives is a measure of its impact in the scientific community. This study identifies and characterizes the current 100 top-cited articles in journals specifically dedicated to neurosurgery.

Methods
Neurosurgical journals were identified using the Institute for Scientific Information Journal Citation Reports. A search was performed using Institute for Scientific Information Web of Science for articles appearing in each of these journals. The 100 top-cited articles were selected and analyzed.

Results
The 100 most cited manuscripts in neurosurgical journals appeared in 3 of 13 journals dedicated to neurosurgery. These included 79 in the Journal of Neurosurgery, 11 in the Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, and 10 in Neurosurgery. The individual citation counts for these articles ranged from 287 to 1515. Seventy-seven percent of articles were published between 1976 and 1995. Representation varied widely across neurosurgical disciplines, with cerebrovascular diseases leading (43 articles), followed by trauma (27 articles), stereotactic and functional neurosurgery (13 articles), and neurooncology (12 articles). The study types included 5 randomized trials, 5 cooperative studies, 1 observational cohort study, 69 case series, 8 review articles, and 12 animal studies. Thirty articles dealt with surgical management and 12 with nonsurgical management. There were 15 studies of natural history of disease or outcomes after trauma, 11 classification or grading scales, and 10 studies of human pathophysiology.

Conclusions
The most cited articles in neurosurgical journals are trials evaluating surgical or medical therapies, descriptions of novel techniques, or systems for classifying or grading disease. The time of publication, field of study, nature of the work, and the journal in which the work appears are possible determinants of the likelihood of citation and impact.
Highly cited works in neurosurgery. Part II: the citation classics
Authors: Ponce Francisco A. , Lozano Andres M. 
Published: January 2010

Object
The term “citation classic” has been used in reference to an article that has been cited more than 400 times. The purpose of this study is to identify such articles that pertain to clinical neurosurgery.

Methods
A list of search phrases relating to neurosurgery was compiled. A topic search was performed using the Institute for Scientific Information Web of Science for phrases. Articles with more than 400 citations were identified, and nonclinical articles were omitted. The journals, year of publication, topics, and study types were analyzed.

Results
There were 106 articles with more than 400 citations relating to clinical neurosurgery. These articles appeared in 28 different journals, with more than half appearing in the Journal of Neurosurgery or the New England Journal of Medicine. Fifty-three articles were published since 1990. There were 38 articles on cerebrovascular disease, 21 on stereotactic and functional neurosurgery, 21 on neurooncology, 19 on trauma, 4 on nontraumatic spine, 2 on CSF pathologies, and 1 on infection. There were 29 randomized trials, of which 86% appeared in the New England Journal of Medicine, Lancet, or the Journal of the American Medical Association, and half concerned the prevention or treatment of stroke. In addition, there were 16 prospective studies, 15 classification or grading systems, and 7 reviews. The remaining 39 articles were case series, case reports, or technical notes.

Conclusions
More than half of the citation classics identified in this study have been published in the past 20 years. Case series, classifications, and reviews appeared more frequently in neurosurgical journals, while randomized controlled trials tended to be published in general medical journals.
Does Clinical Remission Lead to Normalization of EQ-5D in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Is Selection of Remission Criteria Important?
Authors: LINDE LOUISE , SØRENSEN JAN , ØSTERGAARD MIKKEL , HØRSLEV-PETERSEN KIM , HETLAND MERETE LUND 
Published: January 2010

Objective. To compare health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to that of the general population and to investigate the association with disease activity, focusing on different clinical remission criteria.Methods. EQ-5D data from 3156 patients with RA from 11 Danish centers were compared with Danish EQ-5D population norms (n = 16,136). The Disease Activity Score (DAS28) and the Clinical Disease Activity Index score (CDAI) were used as definitions of disease activity and clinical remission. The score difference (ΔEQ-5D) was calculated in each patient as the difference from the age and sex-matched general population and adjusted for age, marital status, education, body mass index, smoking, exercise habits, disease duration, IgM-rheumatoid factor status, joint surgery, extraarticular features, treatment, and comorbidity in multiple linear regression models.Results. 37% vs 22% fulfilled the DAS28 and CDAI remission criteria, respectively. The ΔEQ-5D values for women/men in clinical remission were DAS28 0.05/0.06 vs CDAI 0.01/0.02; low disease activity: DAS28 0.12/0.13 vs CDAI 0.11/0.14; moderate disease activity: DAS28 0.18/0.20 vs CDAI 0.20/0.23; and high disease activity: DAS28 0.38/0.28 vs CDAI 0.33/0.26. Adjusting for confounders reduced the ΔEQ-5D values between 0 and 0.04 units.Conclusion. Patients with RA had worse EQ-5D scores than the general population, and the difference was strongly associated with disease activity. The EQ-5D score for patients in clinical remission approached that of the general population, suggesting that strict treatment goals are critical in order to achieve near-normal HRQOL in patients with RA.
Note on Ancistrocerus parietum (Linnaeus) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)
Authors: Miller C. D. F. 
Published: January 2010

This note reports an extension in the known distribution of the species Ancistrocerus parietum (Linnaeus) in Canada, and a few observations on its nesting habits.A. parietum is a European species that, according to Requaert (1943), was recently introduced into North America, it being first recorded from Ithaca, N.Y., in 1916. Bequaert suggested that the species was gradually extending its range in North America. He noted its occurrence in the northeastern United States, as far west as Michigan and as far south as Ohio and New Jersey. He noted two Canadian records (Montreal and Kamouraska County, Quebec).
An Account of Insect Hallucinations Affecting an Elderly Couple
Authors: Miller Lloyd A. 
Published: January 2010

Very rarely is an entomologist called upon to control the “insects” that are causing an obvious case of hallucinations. The following case history is of unusual interest because two people were involved, both having very similar experiences.During November and December, 1952, Mr. and Mrs. X, aged 73 and 59 years, respectively, had been constantly plagued by an infestation of “bugs” in their well-kept farm home. The “bugs” were to be found in almost every part of the house at any time of the day, but were particularly bothersome during the night. Their bites were fearsome and occasioned a great deal of itching.
Bark Beetles of the Genus Carphoborus Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in North America
Authors: Wood Stephen L. 
Published: January 2010

The genus Carphoborus is widely distributed in the Holarctic realm. It occurs from the northern limits of tree growth south in the Old World to India and northern Africa and in the New World to Baja California, New Mexico, Mississippi, and Florida.All of the North American species breed in the inner bark of coniferous trees of the genera Pinus, Picea, and Pseudotsuga. Branches that are being shaded out or are broken, but still hanging in the tree, are generally preferred for the construction of galleries. A few species have been reported from slash; however, they are usually not aggressive or abundant enough to survive in competition ivith other bark beetles normally found in slash. The economic importance of the genus is not great; the hahit of breeding in the unthrifty lower branches of coniferous trees contributes slightly toward accelerating the natural pruning of the trees and consequently aids in the production of a higher quality of timber.
Genera and Subgenera of the Lygus Complex (Hemiptera: Miridae)
Authors: Kelton Leonard A. 
Published: January 2010

The classification of species of the Lygus complex has been somewhat unsatisfactory. Many species were assigned to the genus Lygus solely on the basis of superficial characters and many were transferred from one species group to another on the same inadequate basis. In the present paper the characters of the genera and subgenera of the complex are defined.Study of structures of the internal male and female genitalia revealed characters of considerable taxonomic value. These, taken in conjunction with external taxonomic characters, enable the species of the complex to be classified into 14 genera or subgenera. Among other things, the investigation showed that the economically important “lygus” bugs are not of the genus Lygus Hahn, but of the genus Liocoris Fieber.
Additional Host and Distribution Records of Some Eastern Canadian Siphonaptera
Authors: Brown N. R. 
Published: January 2010

The following records of Canadian Siphonaptera are supplementary to those detailed in Fox (1940), Ewing and Fox (1943), and Holland (1949, 1952). Records of fleas from the Maritime Provinces are particularly lacking in the literature, being limited to the following species:NEW BRUNSWICK: Ceratophyllus gallinae (Schrank); Epitedia wenmanni wenmanni (Rothschild); Hoplopsyllus glacialis lynx (Baker); Nearctopsylla genalis laurentina Jordan and Rothschild; Orchopeas caedens durus (Jordan); Oropsylla arctomys (Baker); Stenoponia americana (Baker).
An Effect of Bacillus sotto on the Larvae of Bombyx mori
Authors: Angus T. A. , Heimpel A. M. 
Published: January 2010

The paralysis of silkworm larvae (Bombyx mori L.) caused by Bacillus sotto Ishiwata and the extraction of a toxic protein from cultures of this microorganism have been reported elsewhere (1, 2, 3). In preliminary studies of the mode of action, changes have been noted in the pH of the blood of affected larvae.Fourth- and fifth-instar larvae were fed foliage coated with B. sotto toxin and at intervals the blood pH was determined as described by Heimpel (4). Control larvae, reared from the same egg mass, were fed untreated foliage.
On the Tibial Comb of the Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) and Its Use in the Determination of the Neartic Species of Culicoides
Authors: Lewis Franklin B. 
Published: January 2010

Recent studies of the genus Culicoides have exposed many new species and presented taxonomists with a difficult problem in using accepted characters or obtaining new differentiating characters clear-cut enough to provide suitable separation.One such new character is the tibial comb, a structure found on the distal tip of the hind tibia of both sexes of ceratopogonid midges. Fox (1952) illustrated the tibial comb of several Puerto Rican Culicoides and (in litt.) suggested that this character might prove useful in separating other species of this genus. The present study appears to bear out this suggestion. Moreover the study indicates that the character might prove useful in other genera as well.
Ichneumon lariae Curtis A Critical Study on this Arctic Species and its Closely Related Forms
Authors: Heinrich Gerd H. 
Published: January 2010

The description of this species was founded on two specimens, one captured, the other said to be reared from the Liparid Byrdia rossi Curtis. As the types are lost, we depend for re-identification of the species on the description, the coloured picture and the host record.The Canadian National Collection contains 2 specimens of an Ichneumon species reared from Byrdia rossi Curtis (♀ from Spence Bay, N.W.T., ♂ from Repulse Bay, N.W.T.) and 2 captured specimens evidently belonging to the same species (♀ from Yukon Territory, ♂ from Frobisher Bay, Baffin Isl.). Unfortunately none of the mentioned specimens matches the picture of I. lariae Curt., either in colour pattern or in size.
Notes on the Black Army Cutworm, Actebia fennica (Tausch.) (Lepidoptera: Phalaenidae), a Pest of Low-Bush Blueberry in New Brunswick
Authors: Wood G. W. , Neilson W. T. A. 
Published: January 2010

The black army cutwarm, Actebia fennica (Tausch.), is the most important pest of foliage of the low-bush blueberry in New Brunswick. Although usually of minor importance, it periodically appears in outbreak proportions and destroys the entire crop in heavily infested helds. Such an outbreak occurred in Charlotte County in 1944 and 1945, when the present study was initiated.The data presented in this paper are based on insectary-reared material, supplemented where possible by field observations. Larvae were reared individually in jelly jars or waxed cardboard cups and fed daily on fresh blueberry foliage. Observations on oviposition were made possible by mating reared moths.
A Water-Trap for Detecting Insects in Stored Grain
Authors: Waiters F. L. , Cox G. A. 
Published: January 2010

Much of the losses due to insects in stored grain occur when infestations remain unnoticed because of infrequent or inadequate sampling, There is clearly a need for a simple, sensitive method of indicating the presence of insects in stored grain before they become sufficiently numerous to occur in grain samples.At the Winnipeg laboratory, jars of water are sometimes used to increase the relative humidity above wheat containing cultures of rhe rusty grain beetle,Laemophloeus ferrugineusSteph. The fact that adults were often trapped in the water suggested a method of detecting insect infestations in stored grain. This paper reports field and laboratory experiments on the general usefulness of a water-trap to detect insects in stored grain.