bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and characterization of a human articular cartilage‐derived chondrocyte cell line that retains chondrocyte phenotype
Authors: Hoffman Bryan E. , Newman‐Tarr Tonie M. , Gibbard Anna , Wang Shen , Hanning Charles , Pratta Michael A. , Boyle Ryan J. , Kumar Sanjay , Majumdar Manas K. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChondrocytes, the only cell type present in articular cartilage, regulate tissue homeostasis by a fine balance of metabolism that includes both anabolic and catabolic activities. Therefore, the biology of chondrocytes is critical for understanding cartilage metabolism. One major limitation when studying primary chondrocytes in culture is their loss of phenotype. To overcome this hurdle, limited attempts have been made to develop human chondrocyte cell lines that retain the phenotype for use as a good surrogate model. In this study, we report a novel approach to the establishment and characterization of human articular cartilage‐derived chondrocyte cell lines. Adenoviral infection followed by culture of chondrocytes in 3‐dimensional matrix within 48 h post‐infection maintained the phenotype prior to clonal selection. Cells were then placed in culture either as monolayer, or in 3‐dimensional matrix of alginate or agarose. The clones were characterized by their basal gene expression profile of chondrocyte markers. Based on type II collagen expression, 21 clones were analyzed for gene expression following treatment with IL‐1 or BMP‐7 and compared to similarly stimulated primary chondrocytes. This resulted in selection of two clones that retained the chondrocyte phenotype as evidenced by expression of type II collagen and other extra‐cellular matrix molecules. In addition, one clone (AL‐4‐17) showed similar responses as primary chondrocytes when treated with IL‐1 or BMP‐7. In summary, this report provides a novel procedure to develop human articular cartilage‐derived chondrocyte cell lines, which preserve important characteristics of articular chondrocytes and represent a useful model to study chondrocyte biology. J. Cell. Physiol. 222: 695–702, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fibroblasts/myofibroblasts that participate in cutaneous wound healing are not derived from circulating progenitor cells
Authors: Barisic‐Dujmovic Tatjana , Boban Ivana , Clark Stephen H. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractDermal fibroblasts/myofibroblasts involved in the wound healing are thought to originate from the resident fibroblast progenitors. To test the hypothesis of an extra dermal origin of the dermal fibroblasts/myofibroblasts, bone marrow (BM) transplantation and parabiosis experiments were initiated utilizing a collagen promoter green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter transgene as a visible marker for dermal fibroblasts/myofibroblasts. BM transplantation experiments using BM from Col3.6GFPsapph transgenic mice showed no evidence that BM derived progenitors differentiated into dermal fibroblasts/myofibroblasts at the wound site. Rather the GFP positive cells (GFP+) observed at the wound site were not dermal fibroblasts/myofibroblasts but immune cells. These GFP+ cells were also detected in the lung and spleen. Furthermore, GFP+ fibroblasts were not detected in primary dermal fibroblast cultures initiated from BM chimeras. Using the same transgenic mice, parabiotic pairs were generated. One partner in the parabiosis carried a GFP expressing transgene while the other partner was a non‐transgenic C57BL/6 mouse. Similar to the BM transplantation experiments, GFP+ immune cells were detected in the wound of the non‐transgenic parabiont, however, GFP expressing dermal fibroblasts/myofibroblasts were not observed. Collectively, these data suggest that dermal fibroblast/myofibroblast progenitors do not readily circulate. The expression of the Col3.6GFPsapph in the hematopoietic cells confirmed that our methods were sensitive enough to detect Col3.6GFP expressing dermal fibroblasts derived from the peripheral circulation if they had originated in the BM. J. Cell. Physiol. 222: 703–712, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Thermal modelling of the chip for the REMS wind sensor
Authors: Kowalski L. , Ricart J. , Jiménez V. , Domínguez M. , Castañer L. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe silicon chip designed and fabricated by Micro and Nano Technology Group from Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, which has been delivered to the Rover Environment Monitoring Station project, is the basic sensing element of the wind sensor included on the meteorological station for the Mars rover. The purpose of this article is to describe a thermal modelling analysis of the sensor under the rarefied Martian environment and to assure the sensor ability for reliable wind speed and incidence angle measurements. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Radiofrequency and microwave ablation of lung tumors
Authors: Abbas Ghulam , Pennathur Arjun , Landreneau Rodney J. , Luketich James D. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractLung cancer is the most common cause of cancer‐related mortality in the United States. Surgical resection remains the standard treatment for early stage, non‐small cell lung cancer, and limited pulmonary metastases. However, many patients with resectable disease have significant co‐morbidities which preclude surgical resection. Radiofrequency and microwave ablation are emerging modalities of treatment for these high‐risk patients. Here, we review the principles, common devices in use, and treatment results of ablative therapy for lung tumors. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;100:645–650. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Biocatalytic Approach for the Synthesis of Glycerol‐Based Macroamphiphiles and their Self‐Assembly to Micellar Nanotransporters
Authors: Gupta Shilpi , Pandey Mukesh K. , Levon Kalle , Haag Rainer , Watterson Arthur C. , Parmar Virinder S. , Sharma Sunil K. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractGlycerol is one of the most versatile and valuable chemical substances and is utilized in a variety of commercial products with no known adverse pharmacological or environmental effects. Moreover, it exhibits good chemical stability and inertness under biological conditions. We have designed and developed Candida antarctica lipase (CAL B) catalyzed biocatalytic method to synthesize novel polymeric systems using glycerol and poly[ethylene glycol bis(carboxymethyl) ether] dimethylester. Both synthons are biocompatible, non‐toxic, and are readily available. The polymerization occurs regioselectively through the primary hydroxyl groups of glycerol leaving the secondary hydroxyls for post‐polymerization chemical modifications and also for attaching drugs/bioactive molecules. We have utilized these sites for the synthesis of amphiphilic polymers by attaching alkyl chains at the secondary hydroxyl groups simply by acylation. The drug encapsulation abilities of the resulting polymers have been evaluated for potential biomedical applications.magnified image
Use of formal and informal mental health resources by cancer survivors: differences between rural and nonrural survivors and a preliminary test of the theory of planned behavior
Authors: Andrykowski Michael A. , Burris Jessica L. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractObjective: Previous research has identified rural residence as a risk factor for poorer mental health (MH) outcomes in cancer survivors. This may be due to less use of various MH resources due to poorer access and less favorable attitudes and social norms related to MH resource utilization. The present study sought to examine use of MH resources in rural and nonrural survivors and identify factors associated with MH resource use.Methods: Cancer survivors (n=113, 1–5 years postdiagnosis) completed a questionnaire packet and telephone interview. Accessibility and postdiagnosis use of various formal and informal MH resources were assessed along with constructs potentially linked to use of MH resources by the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB; personal attitude, social norm, perceived behavioral control).Results: Results indicated no widespread differences between rural and nonrural cancer survivors in MH resource use although some evidence suggested poorer accessibility and less use of mental health professionals and cancer support groups among rural survivors. In general, rural survivors reported less favorable personal attitudes and social norms regarding MH resource use. TPB constructs accounted for a significant portion of variance in use of most MH resources with personal attitudes generally being the strongest predictor of MH resource use.Conclusions: Additional research is needed to expand the search for factors, particularly modifiable factors, which might account for disparities in MH outcomes between rural and nonrural survivors. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simultaneous Determination of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate and 2,4,6‐Trinitrotoluene by High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography and Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) Method
Authors: Nejad‐Darzi Seyed Karim Hassani , Chaloosi Marzieh , Gholamian Forozan 
Published: December 2009

AbstractHigh performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) has been used for the simultaneous determination of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) and 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene (TNT). With this aim, the spots were developed on silica gel 60 F254 layers with petroleum ether–acetone (2 : 1 v/v). Both PETN and TNT compounds were separated from other constituent materials, and were developed at the same speed, by this solvent system. Then ultraviolet (UV) spectra of these materials were recorded with TLC‐scanner3 of CAMAG Company, and partial least squares regression‐2 (PLSR‐2) method was applied for the calibration and quantitative determination of these materials. The figure of merit (FOM) of this method was determined, and the method was applied for the analysis of an artificial sample.
Dinitromethyltetrazole and its Salts – A Comprehensive Study
Authors: Klapötke Thomas M. , Steemann F. Xaver 
Published: December 2009

AbstractDinitromethyltetrazole is an easily accessible and highly energetic compound which – due to its acidity – gives rise to a wide range of energetic salts. The present study investigates dinitromethyltetrazole and several of its salts. The compounds were characterized using multinuclear NMR as well as vibrational spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction. The energetic properties were estimated using the EXPLO5 code and the sensitivities of the compounds were measured.
Aggregation of a multidomain protein: A coagulation mechanism governs aggregation of a model IgG1 antibody under weak thermal stress
Authors: Andersen Christian Beyschau , Manno Mauro , Rischel Christian , Thórólfsson Matthías , Martorana Vincenzo 
Published: December 2009

AbstractUsing an IgG1 antibody as a model system, we have studied the mechanisms by which multidomain proteins aggregate at physiological pH when incubated at temperatures just below their lowest thermal transition. In this temperature interval, only minor changes to the protein conformation are observed. Light scattering consistently showed two coupled phases: an initial fast phase followed by several hours of exponential growth of the scattered intensity. This is the exact opposite of the lag‐time behavior typically observed in protein fibrillation. Dynamic light scattering showed the rapid formation of an aggregate species with a hydrodynamic radius of about 25 nm, which then increased in size throughout the experiment. Theoretical analysis of our light scattering data showed that the aggregate number density goes through a maximum in time providing compelling evidence for a coagulation mechanism in which aggregates fuse together. Both the analysis as well as size‐exclusion chromatography of incubated samples showed the actual increase in aggregate mass to be linear and reach saturation long before all molecules had been converted to aggregates. The CH2 domain is the only domain partly unfolded in the temperature interval studied, suggesting a pivotal role of this least stable domain in the aggregation process. Our results show that for multidomain proteins at temperatures below their thermal denaturation, transient unfolding of a single domain can prime the molecule for aggregation, and that the formation of large aggregates is driven by coagulation.
POU5F1P1, a putative cancer susceptibility gene, is overexpressed in prostatic carcinoma
Authors: Kastler Silvia , Honold Lisa , Luedeke Manuel , Kuefer Rainer , Möller Peter , Hoegel Josef , Vogel Walther , Maier Christiane , Assum Guenter 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBACKGROUNDAssociation between genetic variants located on human chromosome 8q24.21 with an increased risk for prostatic carcinoma has been well established. POU5F1P1, a processed pseudogene homologous to the pluripotency factor OCT4, is the only sequence with coding capacity in this region. The objective of this study was to investigate the POU5F1P1 expression in prostatic carcinoma and carcinoma surrounding prostatic tissue.METHODSRT‐PCR and real‐time PCR was used to measure the expression of POU5F1P1 relative to the expression of HPRT1 in cell lines, prostatic carcinoma and carcinoma surrounding prostatic tissue. The structure of the POU5F1P1 mRNA and the promoter sequence were elucidated by 5′‐RACE experiments. The POU5F1P1 protein was shown with immunohistochemistry on prostate tissue.RESULTSPOU5F1P1 was found to be the only member of the POU5F1 family to be expressed in prostate with over‐expression in prostatic carcinoma compared to surrounding prostatic tissue probably because of an increased density of expressing cells. The POU5F1P1 expression is driven by a variety of promoter structures scattered over a genomic region of 860 kB.CONCLUSIONSThe over‐expression of POU5F1P1 in prostatic carcinoma in addition to its genomic location and the putative function of its gene product render POU5F1P1 a good candidate to harbour functional genetic variants which modulate prostatic cancer susceptibility. Prostate 70: 666–674, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Variations in mechanisms of selective area growth of GaN on nano‐patterned substrates by MOVPE
Authors: Liu Chaowang , Shields Philip A. , Chen Qin , Allsopp Duncan W. E. , Wang Wang Nang , Bowen Chris R. , Phan T.‐L. , Cherns David 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe growth behaviour of GaN selective area growth (SAG) by MOVPE on two types of nano‐patterned GaN substrates has been investigated. Samples were characterized by SEM, AFM and TEM. Results indicate that well formed nano‐pyramids with base size of ∼150 nm, and sharp tips are readily grown through mask patterns defined by electron beam lithography (EBL). A growth rate of nearly zero on the {10$ \bar 1 $1} nano‐facets, effectively self‐limiting growth (SLG), has been observed under a wide range of growth conditions using a conventional growth mode. In contrast, pulsed growth is able to change the SLG behaviour, and thereby control the size of pyramids, even to coalesce the pyramids to form flat, smooth GaN films. SLG‐like behaviour of GaN SAG on patterns defined by nano‐imprint lithography (NIL) is also observed and enabled nano‐pyramids to form. However, GaN SAG on NIL patterns shows accelerated growth in some pores at the early stage of the growth. This accelerated growth is attributed to the possible presence of screw‐type dislocations in the pore. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Contactless and soft contact electroreflectance of AlGaN/GaN and GaN/AlGaN/GaN field effect transistor heterostructures
Authors: Kudrawiec Robert , Misiewicz Jan 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAlGaN/GaN field effect transistor (FET) structures with a two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at the interface were investigated by electromodulation spectroscopy [contactless electroreflectance (CER), and soft contact electroreflectance (SCER)]. It has been clearly shown that in contactless mode of electroreflectance (i.e., CER spectroscopy) the 2DEG screens the band bending modulation in GaN layer from the external electromodulation which is generated by the capacitor‐like system. In a result only the optical transition in AlGaN layer and no signal, which could be associated with the optical transition in GaN buffer layer, is observed in CER spectra. This screening is not present in soft contact mode of electroreflectance (i.e., SCER spectroscopy). It has been clearly shown that the soft contact mode of electrorefletance works very well for AlGaN/GaN FET structures with a 2 nm thick GaN cap layer. In this mode of electroreflectance measurements the signal from GaN buffer layer was clearly observed whereas in CER spectra this signal was not detected. In CER spectra only the AlGaN‐related transition and the GaN cap‐related transition were observed. The last transition was observed at the energy of ∼3.65 eV because of quantum confinement in GaN cap layer, i.e., a surface quantum well in fact. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Protective effect of Korean red ginseng extract on cisplatin ototoxicity in HEI‐OC1 auditory cells
Authors: Im Gi Jung , Chang Ji Won , Choi June , Chae Sung Won , Ko Eun Ju , Jung Hak Hyun 
Published: December 2009

AbstractGinseng extract is known to have many beneficial effects, including the reversal of pathological and physiological changes induced by ischemia, stress, and aging. Cisplatin, an effective antineoplastic drug, can cause irreversible sensorineural hearing loss and serious tinnitus in humans; thus cisplatin‐induced ototoxicity is a useful experimental model for ototoxicity. This study investigated the protective effects of Korean red ginseng extract on cisplatin‐induced ototoxicity in auditory cells. Pretreatment with 2.5 mg/mL of ginseng extract prior to application of 20 μm of cisplatin significantly increased cell viability after 48 h of incubation in auditory cells. Pretreatment with ginseng extract significantly attenuated the cisplatin‐induced increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ginseng extract also inhibited the expression of caspase‐3 and poly‐ADP‐ribose polymerase related to cisplatin‐induced apoptosis because a major mechanism of cisplatin‐induced toxicity involves ROS production. Thus, Korean red ginseng extract can play both an anti‐apoptotic and anti‐oxidative role on cisplatin‐induced ototoxicity in an auditory cell line. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The challenge of monitoring impacts of water abstraction on macroinvertebrate assemblages in unregulated streams
Authors: Chessman Bruce C. , Royal Meredith J. , Muschal Monika 
Published: December 2009

AbstractMonitoring of the ecological impacts of water abstraction from unregulated streams in the state of New South Wales (NSW), Australia, is challenging because water is abstracted by thousands of geographically dispersed users who pump intermittently according to temporally varying needs and the limitations imposed by licences and access rules. Detailed, quantitative monitoring methods are too costly for widespread routine application because of the size of the state (801 000 km2) and the large number of streams affected by abstraction. We therefore tested the possibility of detecting abstraction impacts on aquatic macroinvertebrates with rapid biological assessment (RBA) methods similar to those that are routinely used for biological monitoring of Australian rivers. We sampled 85 sites on unregulated streams in north‐eastern NSW during a period of prolonged and recurring drought, 54 of which were designated as reference sites with respect to water abstraction because upstream entitlement for abstraction was less than 1% of their mean annual flow (MAF). The remaining, non‐reference sites had an average of 4% of MAF licensed for upstream abstraction (range 1–20%). Sweep and kick samples were collected at each site in two seasons, and invertebrates were picked for 30 min per sample and analysed at genus level. We found a small but statistically significant overall difference in macroinvertebrate assemblages between the reference and non‐reference sites, but the amount of upstream entitlement did not affect the degree to which assemblages at individual sites deviated from site‐specific reference conditions. We attribute the absence of evident impact mainly to the low proportions of streamflow abstracted, but limitations of RBA methods may also be a factor. We recommend a risk‐based approach to future monitoring whereby effort is focussed on those streams where a high proportion of flow is abstracted. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
International entrepreneurship: managerial and policy implications
Authors: Cumming Douglas , Sapienza Harry J. , Siegel Donald S. , Wright Mike 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis article provides an overview of the literature on international entrepreneurship (henceforth, IE). In doing so, we adopt a broad perspective on IE, consistent with the notion that entrepreneurship refers to how opportunities to create future goods and services are discovered, evaluated, and exploited (Venkataraman, 1997). After providing focused summaries of the articles included in the special issue, we outline a research agenda to improve our understanding of the determinants and outcomes of IE. We also highlight several methodological issues of particular importance to IE research. Copyright © 2009 Strategic Management Society.
Oscillating improvisation: how entrepreneurial firms create success in foreign market entries over time
Authors: Bingham Christopher B. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis study explores how entrepreneurial firms become successful in foreign market entries over time. The setting is the foreign market entries of entrepreneurial firms with headquarters in Singapore, the U.S., and Finland. There are several findings. Firms with more successful foreign market entries decrease improvisation in opportunity selection but increase improvisation in opportunity execution. In contrast, firms with less successful foreign market entries do the opposite. Intriguingly, data suggest that increased improvisation in opportunity execution may be influenced by decreased improvisation in opportunity selection, whereas decreased improvisation in opportunity execution may be influenced by increased improvisation in opportunity selection. Overall, besides contributing fresh insights about the relationship between improvisation and performance in new venture firms, a central contribution of this study is shedding light on the texture of entrepreneurial cognition and the little known relationship between cognition, action, amended cognitions, and redirected action. Copyright © 2009 Strategic Management Society.