bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changements biochimiques dans le magnum de caille au cours du cycle ovulatoire. Role des hormones stéroïdes endogènes
Authors: Laugier Christian , Brard Emile 
Published: April 2011

As the developing egg passes along the magnum, more than 80% of the soluble proteins and ovalbumin are released in the lumen and the RNA per milligram of DNA decreases by 31%. This discharge of the secretory goblet cells occurs only in the part of the magnum directly in contact with the yolk. The formation of egg white proteins during the cycle is in two stages. First there is a short period following the release of albumen when the synthesis of ovalbumin is very rapid at the beginning and then decreases to a minimum 5 h after oviposition. Secondly, from 5 h after oviposition to the next discharge of the glandular cells, the concentration of ovalbumin per cell unit increases with a rate of synthesis (Sov) equal to 0.218(t – 7) + 1.119 (Sov, milligram per milligram of DNA; t, number of hours after oviposition). The qualitative analysis of the ovalbumin shows that it is the fraction of dephosphoovalbumin which is synthesized first. It is quickly transformed into diphospho- and triphosphoovalbumin. By surgical removal (4 h after oviposition) of the post ovulatory follicle (Fr) and the F1 follicle, which are responsible for the preovulatory peak of progesterone, or of F2, F3, and F4 follicles, which are responsible for the preovulatory peaks of estrogen and testosterone, a dramatic inhibition of the rate of egg-white protein synthesis is induced.
Correlation between cardiac remodelling, function, and myocardial contractility in rat hearts 5 weeks after myocardial infarction
Authors: Gosselin H , Qi X , Rouleau J L 
Published: April 2011

Early after infarction, ventricular dysfunction occurs as a result of loss of myocardial tissue. Although papillary muscle studies suggest that reduced myocardial contractility contributes to this ventricular dysfunction, in vivo studies indicate that at rest, cardiac output is normal or near normal, suggesting that contractility of the remaining viable myocardium of the ventricular wall is preserved. However, this has never been verified. To explore this further, 100 rats with various-sized myocardial infarctions had ventricular function assessed by Langendorff preparation or by isolated papillary muscle studies 5 weeks after infarction. Morphologic studies were also done. Rats with large infarctions (54%) had marked ventricular dilatation (dilatation index from 0.23 to 0.75, p << 0.01) and papillary muscle dysfunction (total tension from 6.7 to 3.2 g/mm2, p << 0.01) but only moderate left ventricular dysfunction (maximum developed tension from 206 to 151 mmHg (1 mmHg = 133.3 Pa), p << 0.01), a decrease less than one would expect with an infarct size of 54%. The contractility of the remaining viable myocardium of the ventricle was also moderately depressed (peak systolic midwall stress 91 to 60 mmHg, p << 0.01). Rats with moderate infarctions (32%) had less marked but still moderate ventricular dilatation (dilatation index 0.37, p << 0.001) and moderate papillary muscle dysfunction (total tension 4.2 g/mm2, p << 0.01). However, their decrease in ventricular function was only mild (maximum developed pressure 178 mmHg, p << 0.01) and less than one would expect with an infarct size of 32%. The remaining viable myocardium of the ventricular wall appeared to have normal contractility (peak systolic midwall stress = 86 mmHg, ns). We conclude that in this postinfarction model, in large myocardial infarctions, a loss of contractility of the remaining viable myocardium of the ventricular wall occurs as early as 5 weeks after infarction and that papillary muscle studies slightly overestimate the degree of ventricular dysfunction. In moderate infarctions, the remaining viable myocardium of the ventricular wall has preserved contractility while papillary muscle function is depressed. In this relatively early postinfarction phase, ventricular remodelling appears to help maintain left ventricular function in both moderate and large infarctions. Key words: postinfarction, contractility, ventricular function, ventricular remodelling.
Répartition spatiale des huîtriers pie (limicoles) en hivernage et charge parasitaire intestinale
Authors: Le Dréan-Quénec'hdu Sophie , Goss-Custard John D 
Published: April 2011

Some oystercatchers are less efficient predators than others because of their age or their feeding habits. This lower feeding efficiency may reduce their survival or their chance of migrating to nesting grounds. Do these birds carry more parasites? To address this question, we studied the intestinal parasite load of oystercatchers hibernating in the Exe estuary (Great Britain) in relation to their feeding site, type of prey, and parasite load of mussels, their main prey in the estuary. We show that some birds with lower feeding efficiency carry more parasites, particularly the potentially pathogenic nematode Capillaria sp. The degree of infestation by trematodes through the mussel Ptilostomum brevicolle is not related to the degree of infestation of the mussels themselves. We suggest that some birds are resistant to infestation. [Journal translation]
FUNGUS DISEASES AFFECTING ADELGES PICEAE IN THE FIR FOREST OF THE GASPÉ PENINSULA, QUEBEC
Authors: Smirnoff W. A. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIn 1966–67, the following fungi were isolated on Adelges piceae (Ratz.), a serious pest on fir trees in the Gaspé Peninsula: Fusarium larvarum, Cephalosporium coccorum, Entomophthora sp., Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus nigra, Penicillium thomii, Penicillium sp., Cladosporium sp., Isaria farinosa, and Beauveria sp. F. larvarum showed more evidence of pathogenicity for Adelges, while C. coccorum was considered a facultative pathogen. There were not enough cases of infection by Isaria, Beauveria, and Entomophthora to determine their activity. Remaining species were saprophytic. Pathogenicity tests were conducted in the field with F. larvarum and C. coccorum. The fungi were introduced in the population by spraying or dusting, or by mites. However, a variety of external factors made it impossible to determine accurately the degree of virulence of these fungi for Adelges.
REVIEW OF THE GENUS HETEROTARSONEMUS (ACARINA: TARSONEMIDAE)
Authors: Lindquist Evert E. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe generic concept of Heterotarsonemus Smiley is reviewed and redefined. The type-species, H. lindquisti Smiley, is redescribed and illustrated along with a new species, H. bicornis; the only described European species, H. coleopterorum Schaarschmidt new combination, is compared with the above two nearctic species. The known species of this genus are associates of bark beetles in conifers.
THE EFFECT OF MATING AND THE PRESENCE OF THE MALE AMBROSIA BEETLE, TRYPODENDRON LINEATUM, ON "SECONDARY" ATTRACTION
Authors: Nijholt W. W. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe "secondary" attraction occurring after log attack by the female ambrosia beetle, Trypodendron lineatum (Oliv.), and the reduction in attractiveness after males arrive on the log are not dependent directly on mating. The reduction seems to be associated with the males’ presence, which suggests that they produce a masking substance.
CANNIBALISTIC INFANTICIDE IN SOCIAL HYMENOPTERA RELATED TO ADULT CASTE RATIOS
Authors: Flanders S. E. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractA review of the literature published during the past 80 years concerning caste differentiation and caste ratios in the social Hymenoptera reveals considerable evidence that caste is determined trophogenically in the embryo (alimentary castration) rather than in the larval instars and that the caste ratios of the embryonic populations in well-established colonies are soon modified by worker action, i.e. selective cannibalization of queen-biased eggs and young larvae, in order to establish the caste ratios of the adult population that are essential to the economy of the colony.
EFFECTS OF THE ANTIFEEDING COMPOUND AC 24055 (4′-(3,3-DIMETHYL-1-TRIAZENO) ACETANILIDE) ON LARVAE AND ADULTS OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER (DIPTERA: DROSOPHILIDAE)
Authors: David J. , Loschiavo S. R. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe antifeeding compound AC 24055 (4′-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno) acetanilide) was added to the diet of Drosophila melanogaster at several concentrations. Larval mortality and the duration of larval development increased significantly with increasing concentration from 125 to 625 parts per million (p.p.m.), and these effects were the same in males and females. Within this range of concentrations the weight of recently emerged adults declined with increasing concentration, the loss being greater for females than males. Egg production declined with increased concentration from 200 to 1000 p.p.m., particularly during the second week of egg production. Egg hatchability was not affected at 200 p.p.m., but from 400 to 1000 p.p.m. it declined rapidly from the second to the sixth day; with continued exposure, fertility was partly restored. The life span of adults decreased as the concentration increased from 500 to 1500 p.p.m. Concretions were observed in the Malpighian tubules of females reared in food containing 400 p.p.m. or more of the compound, but not in males.
SAMPLING METHODS FOR ESTIMATING THE ABUNDANCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF ALL LIFE STAGES OF THE APPLE MAGGOT, RHAGOLETIS POMONELLA (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE)
Authors: Cameron P. J. , Morrison F. O. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractSampling techniques for all life stages of the apple maggot, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh), were developed and their precision and accuracy evaluated. Reliable estimates were obtained for the egg and larval stages (standard error < 10%), but at the low population levels often encountered in the pupal and adult stages it was necessary to accept a lower level of precision (S.E. ≏ 25%). Eggs and larvae were uniformly distributed within trees. Variation between tree quadrants, and sections at different radii from the trunk, showed that stratification within trees was necessary for reliable estimation of the later stages. Predators acting in a heterogeneous environment under the trees were considered to be the major contributors to this variation. The most consistent source of variation was that between trees.
TEN NEW SPECIES OF BAT FLIES OF THE GENUSTRICHOBIUS(DIPTERA: STREBLIDAE)
Authors: Peterson B. V. , Hůrka K. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractTen new species ofTrichobiusare described from the Neotropical Region:T.intermedius(Dominican Republic, Haiti, Bahama Islands, Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, Lesser Antilles, Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador);T.neotropicus(Dominican Republic);T.cognatus(Dominica and Cuba);T.wenzeli(Cuba);T.dusbabeki(Cuba);T.cernyi(Cuba);T.frequens(Cuba, Dominican Republic, and Jamaica);T.macroti(Cuba and Bahama Islands);T.robynae(Puerto Rico); andT.dominicanus(Dominican Republic).
ON THE SYNONYMY OFTARSONEMUS WAITEIBANKS,T.SETIEREWING, ANDT.BAKERIEWING, WITH REDESCRIPTION OF SPECIES (ACARI: TARSONEMIDAE)
Authors: Lindquist Evert E. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractTarsonemus waiteiBanks, 1912,T.setiferEwing, 1939, andT.pauperoseatusSuski, 1967, are shown to be conspecific (new synonymy).Tarsonemus bakeriEwing, 1939, thought to be conspecific withT.setiferfor the last 25 years, is shown to be specifically distinct. Both sexes of these species are redescribed and reillustrated, and character state variability expressed within populations ofT.waiteiis discussed. Thewaiteispecies group, previously called thepauperoseatusgroup, is redescribed for these and other species. A provisional key to the known member species of this group is given. This group is judged to be insufficiently distinct from some of the other species ofTarsonemusto warrant recognition as a subgenus.
RESPONSES TO PROSTEPHANUS TRUNCATUS (COLEOPTERA: BOSTRICHIDAE) AND TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM (COLEOPTERA: TENEBRIONIDAE) TO GAMMA RADIATION FROM 60Co
Authors: Adem Esbaide , Uribe R.M. , Watters F.L. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe radiosensitivity of Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) to 60Co radiation was determined at doses of 5 to 100 krad. P. truncatus was more radiosensitive than T. castaneum at 5, 15, and 25 krad (P < 0.05) at 8 and 16 days after irradiation but after 24 days all individuals irradiated at 15 and 25 krad were dead. At 50 or 100 krad all individuals of both species died in 16 or 12 days, respectively. Dose rates of 1.07 to 12.84 krad/min for a total delivered dose of 25 krad had no effect on the speed of lethal response. The results indicate that on economic grounds alone, it may not be justified to use 50 or 100 krad to accelerate the onset of death by 8 or 12 days, respectively.
A NEW SPECIES OF TELENOMUS (HYMENOPTERA: SCELIONIDAE), AN EGG PARASITE OF THE AMBUSH BUG, PHYMATA SP. (HETEROPTERA: PHYMATIDAE)
Authors: Masner Lubomir , Johnson Norman F. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractTelenomus phymatae n. sp. is described from the New World (Canada, USA, Colombia /S.A./), reared from the eggs of Phymata sp. (Heteroptera: Phymatidae).
EFFECT OF FOREST SPRAYING WITH ACEPHATE INSECTICIDE ON CONSUMPTION OF SPIDERS BY BROOK TROUT (SALVELINUS FONTINALIS)
Authors: Hydorn Susan B. , Rabeni Charles F. , Jennings Daniel T. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractStomachs of mature brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis Mitch., from sprayed and unsprayed streams were analyzed for arthropods. Within 48 h after exposure to aerial applications of 560 g/ha acephate (Orthene®) against spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), fish consumed many more spiders and other arthropods. Caged spiders in an acephate-sprayed forest behaved abnormally and had low survival.
CHALCID PARASITOID ATTACK ON A GALL WASP POPULATION (ACRASPIS HIRTA (HYMENOPTERA: CYNIPIDAE)) ON QUERCUS PRINUS (FAGACEAE)
Authors: Washburn Jan O. , Cornell Howard V. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe developmental sequence of the asexual generation of the gall wasp Acraspis hirta Bassett (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) on its host plant Quercus prinus (Fagaceae) is described from a site in New Jersey. Chalcid attack was the key mortality factor in the gall population. Parasitoids concentrated their attack on host galls before galls matured and hardened. Hardening of gall walls appears to be the most important deterrent to later attack by inhibiting oviposition. Parasitoids which emerged from A. hirta galls did not reinfest the surviving hosts but probably shifted to other gall species. The parasitoids of Cynips divisa, a similar Old World gall species, became progressively more generalized in their feeding preferences as the season progressed. No such temporal sequencing wau observed in A. hirta.Spacing out of A. hirta galls among leaves is an important strategy for increasing individual fitness in response to parasitoid attack. Most trees were sparsely infested, and few leaves supported more than one gall. Parasitoid mortality was significantly higher on multiply infected leaves than on leaves with one gall. Galls which were parasitized had a significantly smaller average distance to the nearest neighboring gall than those that escaped parasitism suggesting a slight resource concentration effect.
NOTES ON SOME NEW WORLD AND PALEARCTIC SPECIES FORMERLY IN ATHOUS ESCHSCHOLTZ AND HARMINIUS FAIRMAIRE WITH NEW SYNONYMIES (COLEOPTERA: ELATERIDAE)
Authors: Becker Edward C. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe Nearctic species, as well as several Palearctic species, of Athous Eschscholtz, Harminius Fairmaire, Hemicrepidius Germar, and Acanthathous Champion are studied and rearranged with the following new combinations: the Nearctic Hemicrepidius simplex (LeConte), H. falli (Reitter), and H. palpalis (Fall) (each from Athous); the Palearctic Hemicrepidius hirtus (Herbst) and H. niger (Linnaeus) (each from Athous); Hemicrepidius dauricus (Mannerheim) and H. flavipennis (Cherepanov) (each from Harminius); Hemicrepidius inornatus (Lewis) (from Yukara); and Acanthathous photinoides (Champion), A. campanulatus (Champion), A. mexicanus (Candèze), A. aequinoctialis (Champion), A. marcidus (Champion), A. aztecus (Champion), A. rugipennis (Champion), A. angusticollis (Champion), A. carinicollis (Champion), and A. championi (Schwarz) (each from Athous). Hemicrepidius hirtus (Candèze) (nee hirtus Herbst) is renamed californicus, new name, and the name H. hemipodus (Say) is recognized rather than decoloratus (Say). Pertinent generic characters are illustrated and brief notes are given for each of the above species (except those in Acanthathous) and for Harminius (Diacanthous) triundulatus (Mannerheim), H. (D.) undulatus (DeGeer), and Hemicrepidius pallidipennis (Mannerheim). Renter’s two subgenera of Harminius: Diacanthous and Megathous are recognized. A key to the genera associated with Athous and to the subgenera of Harminius is provided.
PYRRHALTA VIBURNI (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE), A EURASIAN PEST OF VIBURNUM RECENTLY ESTABLISHED IN CANADA
Authors: Becker Edward C. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractPyrrhalta viburni (Paykull), a native of Eurasia, is reported for the first time as established in North America. In the Ottawa, Ont., area (including Hull, Que.) adults were very abundant and causing considerable damage to cultivated varieties of Viburnum opulus L. and moderate damage to the native V. Rafinesquianum Schultes. Photographs, a comparison with the similar species, P. luteola (Müller), and a brief note on egg laying are given.
A REVIEW OF THE LIFE HISTORY, POPULATION LEVELS, AND SPREAD OF THE ANTLER MOTH, CERAPTERYX GRAMINIS (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE), IN NEWFOUNDLAND
Authors: Morris Ray F. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe antler moth, Cerapteryx graminis (L.), first discovered in Newfoundland in 1966, has now successfully established itself over an area of approximately 60 km in the greater St. John’s area and surrounding localities. It has become a pest of limited economic importance in hay and pasture fields, and lawns. Black light traps, operated at Mt. Pearl and Kilbride during 1966–1978, were used to monitor population build-up. Notes on the life history of the antler moth in Newfoundland, with some comparisons with that in Great Britain and Europe, are provided. Natural controls are also discussed.
A NEW GENUS BROOKSELLA, NEAR ILNACORA REUTER, WITH NEW SYNONYMY AND NEW COMBINATIONS FOR 15 SPECIES CURRENTLY PLACED IN MELANOTRICHUS REUTER (HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE)
Authors: Kelton Leonard A. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBrooksella n. gen. is described (type-species, Asciodema inconspicua Uhler). Lectotypes are designated for Asciodema inconspicua Uhler and Orthotylus viridicatus Uhler. The following North American species currently in Melanotrichus Reuter are transferred to Brooksella: Asciodema inconspicua Uhler (= M. atricornis Knight, n. syn.), M. chelifer Knight (= M. brevirostris Knight, M. custeri Knight, n. syn.), M. azteci Knight, M. incurvus Knight, M. malvastri Knight, M. nevadensis Knight, M. nicholi Knight, M. shoshonea Knight, Orthotylus althaeae Hussey, O. ferox Van Duzee, O. tibialis Van Duzee, and O. viridicatus Uhler. Male genitalia and tergal process are illustrated for each species and a key to separate them is provided.
PANDEMIS HEPARANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), A TORTRICID NEW TO NORTH AMERICA, ESTABLISHED IN BRITISH COLUMBIA
Authors: Doǧanlar Miktat , Beirne Bryan P. 
Published: April 2011

Pandemis heparana Den. and Schiff. is common throughout most of Europe and the Middle East to Siberia, China, Korea, and Japan. It feeds on a wide variety of deciduous trees and shrubs. It is regarded as a minor fruit tree pest in some areas as it can damage flowers and fruit.Three males and four females from a larger number reared from 87 larvae collected in the Lower Fraser Valley, British Columbia, were identified as of this species by Dr. A. Mutuura, Biosystematics Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa. It apparently has not been recorded previously from North America.
INFLUENCE OF SOIL MOISTURE ON APPLE MAGGOT EMERGENCE, RHAGOLETIS POMONELLA (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE)
Authors: Trottier R. , Townshend J. L. 
Published: April 2011

Several authors have observed that Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) is usually less prevalent during hot dry summers than during cool wet summers (Rivard 1968). Neilson (1964) showed that the emergence of R. pomonella, under laboratory conditions, was affected by the relative humidity of the air. When the relative humidity was 20 or 40%, high mortality occurred during metamorphosis and fewer adults emerged.The object of this study was to measure the influence of soil moisture on success and time of emergence in a laboratory experiment. The information is needed to improve the forecasting system for apple maggot control in apple orchards (Trottier, in press).
EVIDENCE OF A MALE SEX PHEROMONE IN THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER, OSTRINIA NUBILALIS (HÜBNER) (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)
Authors: Royer Lucie , McNeil Jeremy N. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractEuropean corn borer males have hair pencils located ventrally on the 8th sternite and these are extruded when a male approaches a calling female. The fact that (i) antennectomized females mated significantly less than both intact controls and individuals subjected to other forms of surgery, and (ii) males with hair pencils removed had a significantly lower mating success than control males, suggests that a male pheromone is involved in the mating system of the European corn borer.
EFFECTS OF THE JUVENILE HORMONE ANALOG FENOXYCARB ON VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF THE EASTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (CLEMENS) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)
Authors: Hicks Barry J. , Gordon Roger 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe effectiveness of topical applications of the juvenile hormone analog Fenoxycarb against selected developmental stages of the eastern spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens), was determined. Eggs at an early stage of embryogenesis (0–24 h old) were prevented from hatching and were more sensitive to the compound than older eggs (48–72 h old) and larval stages. Fifth-instar larvae displayed lethal morphogenetic effects following Fenoxycarb treatment, but third-instar larvae were refractory. Adult females constituted the most sensitive stage; treated insects laid eggs that failed to hatch. Untreated adult females that mated with Fenoxycarb-treated males also laid infertile eggs.
ENHANCED WOODPECKER PREDATION ON THE MOUNTAIN PINE BEETLE, DENDROCTONUS PONDEROSAE HOPK., IN GLYPHOSATE-TREATED LODGEPOLE PINES
Authors: Bergvinson David J. , Borden John H. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractLodgepole pines, Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm., treated with the herbicide glyphosate applied by axe frill or drill hole into the sapwood around the root collar, were readily infested by mountain pine beetles, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopk. On trees treated with 360 mg of glyphosate per centimetre of circumference, foraging woodpeckers, Picoides spp., debarked 15% of the bole surface within 10 weeks and > 30% after 1 year, compared with < 5% for controls. Foraging efficiency on mountain pine beetle at 4 m exceeded 90% after applications by axe frill of glyphosate at doses of 360, 36, and 3.6 mg per centimetre of circumference, compared with < 50% for controls. Glyphosate-treated trees rapidly became suitable for cavity excavation by woodpeckers.