bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retaining knowledge for document management: Category‐tree integration by exploiting category relationships and hierarchical structures
Authors: Yang Christopher C. , Lin Jianfeng , Wei Chih‐Ping 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe category‐tree document‐classification structure is widely used by enterprises and information providers to organize, archive, and access documents for effective knowledge management. However, category trees from various sources use different hierarchical structures, which usually make mappings between categories in different category trees difficult. In this work, we propose a category‐tree integration technique. We develop a method to learn the relationships between any two categories and develop operations such as mapping, splitting, and insertion for this integration. According to the parent‐child relationship of the integrating categories, the developed decision rules use integration operations to integrate categories from the source category tree with those from the master category tree. A unified category tree can accumulate knowledge from multiple resources without forfeiting the knowledge in individual category trees. Experiments have been conducted to measure the performance of the integration operations and the accuracy of the integrated category trees. The proposed category‐tree integration technique achieves greater than 80% integration accuracy, and the insert operation is the most frequently utilized, followed by map and split. The insert operation achieves 77% of F1 while the map and split operations achieves 86% and 29% of F1, respectively.
Influence of muscle training on resting blood flow and forearm vessel diameter in patients with chronic renal failure
Authors: Kumar S , Seward J , Wilcox A , Torella F 
Published: March 2010

Abstract

Background
Blood flow and vessel diameter are predictors of the success of vascular access procedures. This study investigated whether a simple exercise programme could influence these variables.

Methods
Twenty-three patients with chronic kidney disease were prescribed a simple exercise programme for one arm only; the investigators were blinded to the patients' choice. All underwent arterial and venous duplex imaging, handgrip strength and blood pressure measurements before and 1 month after the exercise programme.

Results
Twelve patients exercised their dominant and 11 their non-dominant arm. In the trained arm, the exercise programme resulted in a significant increase in handgrip strength, by a median (interquartile range) of 4 (0–8) kg (P &lt; 0·001), and in the diameter of the brachial artery (0·2 (0·1–0·3) mm; P &lt; 0·001), radial artery (0·3 (0·2–0·4) mm; P &lt; 0·001), and cephalic vein (0·6 (0·4–1·2) mm in the forearm and 1·1 (0·4–1·2) mm above the elbow; P &lt; 0·001). There was an increase in brachial artery mean velocity (3 (1–7) cm/s; P = 0·009) and peak systolic velocity (8 (1–15) cm/s; P = 0·020), despite a marginally lower systolic blood pressure (−8 (−16 to 0) mmHg; P = 0·007). There was no change in any of these parameters in the non-exercised arm.

Conclusion
In patients with chronic kidney disease, forearm exercise increased blood flow and vessel diameters. This may be beneficial before vascular access formation.
The vastus lateralis muscle: An anatomical investigation
Authors: Becker I. , Baxter G.D. , Woodley S.J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAnterior knee pain or patellofemoral pain syndrome is commonly encountered by clinicians, but the pathogenesis of this condition is not well understood. While much research has centred around the relationship between vastus medialis and anterior knee pain, little is known about the most lateral of the quadriceps muscle group, vastus lateralis (VL). Knowledge of the anatomical organization of VL is not only necessary to understand its precise function, but to also assist in the development of clinical and biomechanical models of knee dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the detailed morphology of VL, specifically to provide data relating to architecture, attachment sites, innervation, and the presence of anatomical partitioning within the muscle. The VL muscle was examined in 10 cadaveric lower limbs using macrodissection techniques. On the basis of architecture and innervation, this muscle comprised four partitions with each receiving its own unique nerve branch. The mean fascicular length of VL was 7 cm and the mean fascicular and muscle physiological cross‐sectional areas were 1.2 cm2 and 21.6 cm2, respectively. In addition to inserting proximally at the base of the greater trochanter and distally into the superolateral border and base of the patella, three additional attachment sites were identified: the lateral intermuscular septum, iliotibial band, and the rectus tendon. The results of this study suggest that the gross morphology of VL is more complex than previously described, and the information provided regarding architecture will contribute to knowledge regarding the function of VL as well as its role in knee joint dysfunction. Clin. Anat. 23:575–585, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nonlinear lumped parameter transient model of single‐row finned‐tube liquid‐to‐gas cross‐flow heat exchanger
Authors: Mawasha P. R. , Sharra B. , Reliford R. J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA nonlinear lumped parameter transient model of single‐row finned‐tube liquid‐to‐gas cross‐flow heat exchanger is examined numerically. The dimensionless liquid, metal, and gas outlet temperatures are examined for different dimensionless conductance and capacitance ratios. This article also describes a useful tool that can be used to enhance students' capability to analyze thermodynamic systems with heat exchangers. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 18: 582–588, 2010; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com; DOI 10.1002/cae20254
Luminescence Tuning of Upconversion Nanocrystals
Authors: Wang Guofeng , Peng Qing , Li Yadong 
Published: March 2010

AbstractUpconversion luminescence tuning of β‐NaYF4nanorods under 980 nm excitation has successfully been achieved by tridoping with Ln3+ions with different electronic structures. The effects of Ce3+ions on NaYF4:Yb3+/Ho3+as well as Gd3+ions on NaYF4:Yb3+/Tm3+(Er3+) have been studied in detail. By tridoping with Ce3+ions, not only were unusual5G5→5I7and5F2/3K8→5I8transitions from Ho3+ions and 5d→4f transitions from Ce3+ions observed in NaYF4:Yb3+/Ho3+nanorods, but also an increase in the intensity of5F5→5I8relative to5S2/5F4→5I8with increasing Ce3+concentration, which can be attributed to efficient energy transfers of5I6(Ho)+2F5/2(Ce)→5I7(Ho)+2F7/2(Ce) and5S2/5F4(Ho)+2F5/2(Ce)→5F5(Ho)+2F7/2(Ce). Interestingly, with increasing pump power density, the luminescence of NaYF4:Yb3+/Ho3+nanorods is always dominated by the5S2/5F4→5I8transition, whereas the luminescence of Ce3+‐tridoped NaYF4:Yb3+/Ho3+nanorods is dominated by the5S2/5F4→5I8and5G5→5I7transitions in turn. These observations are discussed on the basis of a rate equation model. Furthermore, Gd3+‐tridoped NaYF4:Yb3+/Tm3+(Er3+) nanorods can emit multicolor upconversion emissions spanning from the UV to the near‐infrared under 980 nm excitation.6P5/2→8S7/2(≈306 nm) and6P7/2→8S7/2(≈311 nm) transitions from Gd3+ions were observed. In addition to the aforementioned luminescence properties, these Gd3+‐tridoped nanorods also exhibit paramagnetic behavior at room temperature and superparamagnetic behavior at 2 or 5 K.
Nano‐ and Microstructure Fabrication by Using a Three‐Component System
Authors: Jang Donghak , Lee Ho Yong , Park Miae , Nam Seong Ryong , Hong Jong‐In 
Published: March 2010

AbstractTwo‐component amphiphiles based on hydrogen‐bonded complexes between terephthaloylbisalanine (H2TBA) and dodecylamine (DA) are able to self‐assemble into nano‐ and microsized superstructures in an aqueous solvent. It is possible to modulate the morphology of these self‐assembled superstructures by modifying the composition of the complexes, which can be achieved by changing the molar ratio of the two components or by changing the chirality of H2TBA. For example, right‐handed microhelical ribbon structures were formed with L‐TBA1.0DA2.0, whereas in the case of rac‐TBA1.0DA2.0, flat ribbonlike structures were observed. Although L‐TBA1.0DA1.0 exhibited entangled fibrous structures, rac‐TBA1.0DA1.0 exhibited wire structures. Different ratios of H2TBA and DA were self‐assembled into fiber‐, wire‐, and tubulelike superstructures, as well as monoclinic, columnar, and lamellar aggregation patterns. The self‐assembled superstructures of TBAxDAy were significantly changed by adding metal ions. Transition metal (CdII, CoII, and ZnII) complexes with L‐TBAxDAy self‐assembled into rod‐, tubule‐, wire‐, and platelike superstructures. Metal‐ion complexes with rac‐TBAxDAy exhibited different superstructures. Our work suggests that it is possible to fabricate a wide variety of nano‐ and microsized superstructures by using two‐ and three‐component amphiphiles.
Base Treated Cogon Grass (Imperata cylindrica) as an Adsorbent for the Removal of Ni(II): Kinetic, Isothermal and Fixed‐bed Column Studies
Authors: Hanafiah Megat Ahmad Kamal Megat , Zakaria Haslizaidi , Ngah Wan Saime Wan 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe adsorption of Ni(II) from aqueous solutions using base treated cogon grass or Imperata cylindrica (NHIC) was performed under batch and column modes. Batch experiments were conducted to determine the factors affecting adsorption such as pH, adsorbent dosage, initial nickel concentration, contact time and temperature. The fixed‐bed column experiment was performed to determine the practical applicability of NHIC and to obtain the breakthrough curve. Adsorption was fast as equilibrium was achieved within 60 min, and was best described by the pseudo second order model. According to the Langmuir model, a maximum adsorption capacity of 6.96 mg/g was observed at pH 5 and at a temperature of 313 K. Thermodynamic parameters such as ΔG0, ΔH0 and ΔS0 were calculated, and indicated that adsorption was a spontaneous and endothermic process. The mechanistic pathway of Ni(II) uptake was examined by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) spectroscopy. The Thomas and Yoon‐Nelson models were used to analyze the fixed‐bed column data.
Prediction of Density Flow Plunging Depth in Dam Reservoirs: An Artificial Neural Network Approach
Authors: Ünes Fatih 
Published: March 2010

AbstractExperimental findings and observations indicate that plunging flow is related to the formation of bed load deposition in dam reservoirs. The sediment delta begins to form in the plunging region where the inflow river water meets the ambient reservoir water. Correct estimation of dam reservoir flow, plunging point, and plunging depth is crucial for dam reservoir sedimentation and water quality issues. In this study, artificial neural network (ANN), multi‐linear regression (MLR), and two‐dimensional hydrodynamic model approaches are used for modeling the plunging point and depth. A multi layer perceptron (MLP) is used as the ANN structure. A two‐dimensional model is adapted to simulate density plunging flow through a reservoir with a sloping bottom. In the model, nonlinear and unsteady continuity, momentum, energy, and k–ε turbulence equations are formulated in the Cartesian coordinates. Density flow parameters such as velocity, plunging points, and plunging depths are determined from the simulation and model results, and these are compared with previous experimental and model works. The results show that the ANN model forecasts are much closer to the experimental data than the MLR and mathematical model forecasts.
Capability of Pentavalent Arsenic Bioaccumulation and Biovolatilization of Three Fungal Strains under Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Zeng Xibai , Su Shiming , Jiang Xiliang , Li Lianfang , Bai Lingyu , Zhang Yanrong 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn order to control and remediate arsenic (As) contaminated soil, sediment or water, fungi are used to investigate their potential accumulation and volatilization of As. In this study, after cultivation for 2 days, the dry weights of mycelia for Trichoderma asperellum, Fusarium oxysporum and Penicillium janthinellum all show an increased trend when the As(V) concentration ranges from 0–50, 0–50, 0–80 mg/L, respectively. When the culture system is loaded with 2500 μg As(V), which represents 50 mg/L As, and cultivated for 5 days, P. janthinellum presents the highest efficiency of 87.0 μg/g for As bioaccumulation, and the order of the efficiency for As bioaccumulation is P. janthinellum > T. asperellum > F. oxysporum. However, the order of the amount of volatilized As is F. oxysporum > P. janthinellum > T. asperellum, and the highest amount of volatilized As is observed for F. oxysporum at 181.0 μg. Thus, the ability of As bioaccumulation and biovolatilization for T. asperellum and P. janthinellum is reported for the first time in this study.
Increased risk of high‐grade prostate cancer among infertile men
Authors: Walsh Thomas J. , Schembri Michael , Turek Paul J. , Chan June M. , Carroll Peter R. , Smith James F. , Eisenberg Michael L. , Van Den Eeden Stephen K. , Croughan Mary S. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:It has been reported that fatherhood status may be a risk factor for prostate cancer. In the current study, the authors examined the subsequent occurrence of prostate cancer in a cohort of men evaluated for infertility to determine whether male infertility is a risk factor for prostate cancer.METHODS:A total of 22,562 men who were evaluated for infertility from 1967 to 1998 were indentified from 15 California infertility centers and linked to the California Cancer Registry. The incidence of prostate cancer was compared with the incidence in an age‐matched and geography‐matched sample of men from the general population. The risk of prostate cancer in men with and those without male factor infertility was modeled using a Cox proportional hazards regression model.RESULTS:A total of 168 cases of prostate cancer that developed after infertility were identified. Men evaluated for infertility but not necessarily with male factors were not found to have an increased risk of cancer compared with the general population (standardized incidence ratio [SIR], 0.9; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.8‐1.1). This risk was found to be highest for men with male factor infertility who developed high–grade prostate cancer (SIR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.2‐3.0). On multivariate analyses, men with male factor infertility were found to be 2.6 times more likely to be diagnosed with high–grade prostate cancer (hazard ratio, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.4‐4.8).CONCLUSIONS:Men with male factor infertility were found to have an increased risk of subsequently developing high–grade prostate cancer. Male infertility may be an early and identifiable risk factor for the development of clinically significant prostate cancer. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Inter‐rater reliability of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV Axis I Disorders (SCID I) and Axis II Disorders (SCID II)
Authors: Lobbestael Jill , Leurgans Maartje , Arntz Arnoud 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis study simultaneously assessed the inter‐rater reliability of the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Axis I (SCID I) and Axis II disorders (SCID II) in a mixed sample of n = 151 inpatients and outpatients, and non‐patient controls. Audiotaped interviews were assessed by independent second raters blind for the first raters' scores and diagnoses. Categorical inter‐rater reliability was assessed for 12 Axis I disorders of SCID I, while both categorical and dimensional inter‐rater reliability was tested for all Axis II disorders. Results revealed moderate to excellent inter‐rater agreement of the Axis I disorders, while most categorically and dimensionally measured personality disorders showed excellent inter‐rater agreement. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message:• Elaborate training in administration of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM disorders (SCID) is a crucial ingredient for valid use of the SCID.• The more dimensionally the SCID II pathology is indexed, the higher inter‐rater reliability.• Structural assessment of Axis I and Axis II pathology by means of SCID I and II is an essential ingredient for valid and reliable pathology assessment in clinical practice and in research.
Corporate social responsibility: discourse, narratives and communication
Authors: Dobers Peter , Springett Delyse 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe problematic and contestable nature of discourses on corporate social responsibility (CSR) has driven the commissioning of this special issue on discourses, narratives, and communication about CSR. While CSR may be seen as sharing normative goals with the concept of sustainable development, there are fundamental questions to be asked about the nature and purpose of CSR, how it has been constructed and framed, and whether it promotes the normative goals of sustainable development in order to effect change to the business‐as‐usual model. The teasing out of the different discourses of CSR has become an important theme in academic research in recent years. In this issue, that discourse is developed. The authors discover gaps between CSR as understood by civil society groups and radical non‐governmental organizations (NGOs) and the CSR norms promoted at corporate level. The latter fail to impact on business‐as‐usual, even though the same language may be used. The link between Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) reporting and market‐value is explored; and CSR principles and actions promoted by business are critiqued from the perspective of the norms of sustainable development, one conclusion being that the parameters of sustainable development as a concept need to be extended to include the dimension of culture. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Z Copy‐Controlled Gain‐Current Differencing Buffered Amplifier and its applications
Authors: Biolek Dalibor , Bajer Josef , Biolková Viera , Kolka Zdeněk , Kubíček Michal 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe Z Copy‐Controlled Gain‐Current Differencing Buffered Amplifier (ZC‐CG‐CDBA) is introduced in the paper. In addition to the well‐known CDBA, the input Current Differencing Unit (CDU) is modified and completed by special circuits. Analogously to the conventional CDBA, thezterminal is internally connected to the input of voltage buffer. The current gain from the difference inputp, nto the outputzcan be controlled electronically or by an external device. In addition, an independent high‐impedance outputzcis available, providing difference currentIp−In. In the paper, the extension of application range of the ZC‐CG‐CDBA compared with the conventional CDBA is referred to. The novel circuit element is assembled from commercial integrated circuits and its principle is verified experimentally on a universal second‐order filter. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Switching and linear power stages evaluation for PEM fuel cell emulation
Authors: Ramos Paja Carlos Andrés , Romero Nevado Alfonso , Giral Castillón Robert , Martinez‐Salamero Luis , Sanchez Saenz Carlos Ignacio 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA fuel cell‐based power systems emulator designed to test devices and loads intended to interact with real prototypes is presented. The emulator uses a digital processing device and electrical power systems, evaluating the impact of using either switching or linear power stages in the emulator capabilities. A real fuel cell prototype is emulated using a parameterized physical fuel cell model, which is computed online by a digital device. Also, several power stages not previously used specifically for this application, with different efficiencies and performances, were developed and analysed. One of the power stages was based on a two‐inductor step‐down DC/DC converter for a switching power stage instead of the classical buck structure that is more prone to duty cycle saturation in transients at low output voltages. The other ones used high‐power operational amplifiers for a linear power stage and linear regulators for a scalable linear power stage. Finally, the emulation system and the power stages were evaluated and validated using experimental data of a real fuel cell prototype. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Epitaxial Lateral Overgrowth of GaN on Si (111) Substrates Using High‐Dose, N+ Ion Implantation
Authors: Kim Bumjoon , Lee Kwangtaek , Jang Samseok , Jhin Junggeun , Lee Seungjae , Baek Jonghyeob , Yu Youngmoon , Lee Jaesang , Byun Dongjin 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAn epitaxial, laterally‐overgrown (ELOG) GaN layer is deposited on a Si(111) substrate using high‐dose, N+ ion implantation. ELOG GaN is deposited on a Si(111) wafer with implantation stripes by metal‐organic (MO) CVD. The GaN layer on the N+ ion‐implanted region is polycrystalline and acts as a mask for the ELOG process. This is attributed to the growth rate of the polycrystalline GaN being much slower than that of epitaxial GaN. After 120 min, complete coalescence is achieved with a flat surface. Scanning cathodoluminescence (CL) microscopy and high resolution X‐ray diffraction (HRXRD) confirm the high optical and crystalline quality of the ELOG GaN layer.
The Synthesis of Highly Loaded Cu/Al2O3 and Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 Catalysts by the Two‐Step CVD of CuIIdiethylamino‐2‐propoxide in a Fluidized‐Bed Reactor
Authors: Becker Michael , d'Alnoncourt Raoul Naumann , Kähler Kevin , Sekulic Jelena , Fischer Roland A. , Muhler Martin 
Published: March 2010

AbstractHighly loaded copper catalysts supported on alumina are synthesized applying the cyclic two‐step CVD of the precursor copper(II)diethylamino‐2‐propoxide in a fluidized‐bed reactor. Copper/zinc oxide/alumina composites are synthesized by either the CVD of the precursor bis[bis(trimethylsilyl)amido]zinc on Cu/Al2O3, or the CVD of the Cu precursor on Zn‐pretreated alumina, impregnating with diethyl zinc in addition. The composites are extensively characterized by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), elemental analysis (EA), mass spectrometry (MS), N2 physisorption, N2O reactive frontal chromatography (RFC), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The Cu and ZnO nanoparticles originating from the efficient two‐step procedure, consisting of adsorption and subsequent decomposition of the adsorbed species in two separated steps, are highly dispersed, X‐ray amorphous, and, in the case of the Cu‐containing catalysts, have high specific Cu surface areas. The catalytic activities are determined both in methanol synthesis, to judge the contact between the deposited Cu and ZnO nanoparticles, and in the steam reforming of methanol (SRM) to probe the stability of the Cu particles. The turn‐over frequencies (TOF) in methanol synthesis of these Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts are higher than that of a commercial ternary catalyst. The varied sequence of the CVD of Cu and ZnO on alumina leads to catalysts with similar activities in the case of similar specific Cu areas.