bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Silicon Nanowires: A Review on Aspects of Their Growth and Their Electrical Properties
Authors: Schmidt Volker , Wittemann Joerg V. , Senz Stephan , Goesele Ulrich 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electron‐Reservoir Complexes and Other Redox‐Robust Reagents: Functions and Applications
Authors: Astruc Didier 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphate Ester Hydrolysis: Metal Complexes as Purple Acid Phosphatase and Phosphotriesterase Analogues
Authors: Gahan Lawrence R. , Smith Sarah J. , Neves Ademir , Schenk Gerhard 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in the Design and Synthesis of Hybrid Molecules Based on Aminoquinoline Ring and Their Antiplasmodial Evaluation
Authors: Kouznetsov Vladimir V. , Gomez‐Barrio Alicia 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Solid Acid Catalysts in Green Chemistry. Part 2. Some Practical Examples
Authors: Rao Leena 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Graphenes — Aromatic Giants
Authors: Gutman Ivan , Furtula Boris 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Phthalocyanine, Porphyrin, Cyclodextrin, and Polymer Systems Suitable for Studying by Circular Dichroism, Magnetic Circular Dichroism, and/or Electrochemistry
Authors: Kobayashi Nagao , Fukuda Takamitsu 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Antiviral Drug Discovery: Ten More Compounds, and Ten More Stories. Part B
Authors: De Clercq Erik 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Polynitromethanes — Unique Reagents in the Synthesis of Nitro‐Substituted Heterocycles
Authors: Averina Elena B. , Kuznetsova Tamara S. , Zefirov Nikolai S. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Understanding Antimicrobial Activities of Phytochemicals Against Multidrug Resistant Bacteria and Biofilms
Authors: Simoes Manuel , Bennett Richard N. , Rosa Eduardo A. S. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecularly Mediated Processing and Assembly of Nanoparticles: Exploring the Interparticle Interactions and Structures
Authors: Lim Stephanie I. , Zhong Chuan‐Jian 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Effect of GFP tags on the localization of EB1 and EB1 fragments in vivo
Authors: Skube Susan B. , Chaverri José M. , Goodson Holly V. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractEB1 is a microtubule plus‐end tracking protein that plays a central role in the regulation of microtubule (MT) dynamics. GFP‐tagged EB1 constructs are commonly used to study EB1 itself and also as markers of dynamic MT plus ends. To properly interpret these studies, it is important to understand the impact of tags on the behavior of EB1 and other proteins in vivo. To address this problem and improve understanding of EB1 function, we surveyed the localization of expressed EB1 fragments and investigated whether GFP tags alter these localizations. We found that neither N‐terminal nor C‐terminal tags are benign: tagged EB1 and EB1 fragments generally behave differently from their untagged counterparts. N‐terminal tags significantly compromise the ability of expressed EB1 proteins to bind MTs and/or track MT plus ends, although they leave some MT‐binding ability intact. C‐terminally tagged EB1 constructs have localizations similar to the untagged constructs, initially suggesting that they are benign. However, most constructs tagged at either end cause CLIP‐170 to disappear from MT plus ends. This effect is opposite to that of untagged full‐length EB1, which recruits CLIP‐170 to MTs. These observations demonstrate that although EB1‐GFP can be a powerful tool for studying microtubule dynamics, it should be used carefully because it may alter the system that it is being used to study. In addition, some untagged fragments had unexpected localizations. In particular, an EB1 construct lacking the coiled‐coil tracks MT plus ends, though weakly, providing evidence against the idea that EB1 +TIP behavior requires dimerization. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Actin‐like protein 1 (ALP1) is a component of dynamic, high molecular weight complexes in Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Gordon Jennifer L. , Buguliskis Jeffrey S. , Buske Paul J. , Sibley L. David 
Published: August 2009

AbstractApicomplexan parasites, such as Toxoplasma gondii, rely on actin‐based motility for cell invasion, yet conventional actin does not appear to be required for cell division in these parasites. Apicomplexans also contain a variety of actin‐related proteins (Arps); however, most of these not directly orthologous to Arps in well‐studied systems. We recently identified an apicomplexan‐specific member of this family called Actin‐Like Protein 1, (ALP1), which plays a role in the assembly of vesicular components recruited to the inner membrane complex (IMC) of daughter cells during cell division. In addition to its enrichment at daughter cell membranes, ALP1 is localized throughout the cytoplasm both diffusely distributed and concentrated in clusters that are detected by fluorescence microscopy, suggesting it forms complexes. Using quantitative optical imaging methods, including fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) and fluorescence loss in photobleaching (FLIP), we demonstrated that ALP1 is a component of a large complex, and that it readily exchanges between diffusible and complex‐bound forms. Sedimentation and density gradient analyses revealed that ALP1 is found in a freely soluble state as well as high molecular weight complexes. During cell division, ALP1 was dynamically associated with the IMC, suggesting it rapidly cycles between freely diffusible and complex forms during daughter cell assembly. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pilot study of huachansu in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, nonsmall‐cell lung cancer, or pancreatic cancer
Authors: Meng Zhiqiang , Yang Peiying , Shen Yehua , Bei Wenying , Zhang Ying , Ge Yongqian , Newman Robert A. , Cohen Lorenzo , Liu Luming , Thornton Bob , Chang David Z. , Liao Zongxing , Kurzrock Razelle 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Huachansu, a Chinese medicine that comes from dried toad venom from the skin glands of Bufo gargarizans or B. melanostictus, has been used in the treatment of various cancers in China. The authors conducted a pilot study, using a phase 1 trial design, of huachansu in patients with advanced cancer.METHODS:Huachansu was administered intravenously for 14 days followed by 7 days off (1 cycle). Without significant adverse events or progressive disease, treatment continued beyond 2 cycles. The dose of huachansu was escalated as follows with 3 patients per cohort: 10 (level 1), 20 (level 2), 40 (level 3), 60 (level 4), and 90 (level 5) mL/m2.RESULTS:Fifteen patients (hepatocellular cancer, n = 11; nonsmall cell lung cancer, n = 2; pancreatic cancer, n = 2) were enrolled in the trial, and no dose‐limiting toxicities (DLTs) were found. Eleven patients had no drug‐related toxicity greater than grade 1. Six (40%) had stable disease (median duration, 6.0 months; range, 3.5‐11.1 months). One of these patients (with hepatocellular cancer) had 20% regression (duration, 11 months) (dose level 1). Quality of life improved for patients with stable disease. Plasma bufalin concentration reached maximal levels at the end of the 2‐hour infusion and was proportional to the amount of drug being administered (0.81‐3.38 ng/mL).CONCLUSIONS:No DLT was observed with the use of huachansu at doses up to 8× higher than typically used in China. Six patients had prolonged stable disease or minor tumor shrinkage. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
The outcomes of elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with transarterial chemoembolization
Authors: Yau Thomas , Yao Tzy Jyun , Chan Pierre , Epstein Richard John , Ng Kelvin K. , Chok Siu Ho , Cheung Tan Teo , Fan Sheung Tat , Poon Ronnie Tung Ping 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:The authors evaluated and compared the treatment outcomes of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) between young (≤70 years) and elderly (>70 years) patients at their institute over an 18‐year period.METHODS:Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who received TACE at the authors' center were analyzed retrospectively. The demographic data, TACE‐related morbidities, and survival outcome were compared between these 2 age groups.RESULTS:Between 1989 and 2006, 843 patients who were ≤70 years old and 197 patients who were >70 years old received TACE treatment for advanced HCC. There were significantly more comorbid illnesses associated with the elderly patients than the young patients (64 % vs 33%, P < .01). Moreover, elderly patients who received TACE treatment for HCC were at earlier stages of disease (P < .01). Both the overall median survival (14.0 months vs 8.1 months, P < .003) and disease‐specific survival (15.2 months vs 8.7 months, P < .001) were significantly higher in elderly than young patients. The most commonly encountered TACE‐related morbidity in both age groups was liver function derangement. Young patients had a significantly higher rate of developing liver derangement after TACE than elderly patients (21% vs 11%, P < .01). Conversely, the elderly patients had a significantly higher rate of developing peptic ulcer disease with TACE treatment than young patients (2.5% vs 0.5%, P = .01). Overall, there was no significant difference in TACE‐related mortality between the young and elderly patients (3% vs 4%, P = .49).CONCLUSIONS:This study has confirmed the comparable efficacy and tolerability in using TACE for the treatment of advanced HCC in young and elderly patient populations. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Fine‐grain concurrency
Authors: Hoare Tony 
Published: August 2009

AbstractI have been interested in concurrent programming since about 1963, when its associated problems contributed to the failure of the largest software project that I have managed. When I moved to an academic career in 1968, I hoped that I could find a solution to the problems by my research. Quite quickly I decided to concentrate on coarse‐grained concurrency, that does not allow concurrent processes to share main memory. The only interaction between processes is confined to explicit input and output commands. This simplification led eventually to the exploration of the theory of Communicating Sequential Processes. Since joining Microsoft Research in 1999, I have plucked up courage at last to look at fine‐grain concurrency, involving threads that interleave their access to main memory at the fine granularity of single instruction execution. By combining the merits of a number of different theories of concurrency, one can paint a relatively simple picture of a theory for the correct design of concurrent systems. Indeed, pictures are a great help in conveying the basic understanding. This paper presents some on‐going directions of research that I have been pursuing with colleagues in Cambridge—both at Microsoft Research and in the University Computing Laboratory. Copyright © 2007 C.A.R. Hoare.
Mobile agent‐based computational steering for distributed applications
Authors: Chou Yu‐Cheng , Ko David , Cheng Harry H. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe mobile agent‐based computational steering (MACS) for distributed applications is presented in this article. In the MACS, a mobile agent platform, Mobile‐C, is embedded in a program through the Mobile‐C library to support C/C++ mobile agent code. Runtime replaceable algorithms of a program are represented as agent services in C/C++ source code and can be replaced with new ones through mobile agents. In the MACS, a mobile agent created and deployed by a user from the steering host migrates to computing hosts successively to replace algorithms of running programs that constitute a distributed application without the need of stopping the execution and recompiling the programs. The methodology of dynamic algorithm alteration in the MACS is described in detail with an example of matrix operation. The Mobile‐C library enables the integration of Mobile‐C into any C/C++ programs to carry out computational steering through mobile agents. The source code level execution of mobile agent code facilitates handling issues such as portability and secure execution of mobile agent code. In the MACS, the network load between the steering and computing hosts can be reduced, and the successive operations of a mobile agent on multiple computing hosts are not affected whether the steering host stays online or not. The employment of the middle‐level language C/C++ enables the MACS to accommodate the diversity of scientific and engineering fields to allow for runtime interaction and steering of distributed applications to match the dynamic requirements imposed by the user or the execution environment. An experiment is used to validate the feasibility of the MACS in real‐world mobile robot applications. The experiment replaces a mobile robot's behavioral algorithm with a mobile agent at runtime. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adaptive exception handling for scientific workflows
Authors: Tolosana‐Calasanz Rafael , Bañares José A. , Rana Omer F. , Álvarez Pedro , Ezpeleta Joaquín , Hoheisel Andreas 
Published: August 2009

AbstractScientific workflow systems often operate in highly unreliable, heterogeneous and dynamic environments, and have accordingly incorporated different fault tolerance techniques. We propose an exception‐handling mechanism, based on techniques adopted in programming languages, for modifying at run‐time the structure of a workflow. In contrast to other proposals that achieve the required flexibility by means of the infrastructure, our proposal expresses the exception‐handling mechanism within the workflow language—primarily as two exception‐handling patterns that are exclusively based on the Reference Nets‐within‐Nets formalism (a specific type of Petri nets). When an exception is detected, a workflow in our approach can be re‐written (replaced), based on the particular failure condition that has been detected. This enables workflow users to have better control and understanding of the behaviour of their workflow without having to be aware of the underlying infrastructure. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Managing very large distributed data sets on a data grid
Authors: Branco Miguel , Zaluska Ed , de Roure David , Lassnig Mario , Garonne Vincent 
Published: August 2009

AbstractIn this work we address the management of very large data sets, which need to be stored and processed across many computing sites. The motivation for our work is the ATLAS experiment for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), where the authors have been involved in the development of the data management middleware. This middleware, called DQ2, has been used for the last several years by the ATLAS experiment for shipping petabytes of data to research centres and universities worldwide. We describe our experience in developing and deploying DQ2 on the Worldwide LHC computing Grid, a production Grid infrastructure formed of hundreds of computing sites. From this operational experience, we have identified an important degree of uncertainty that underlies the behaviour of large Grid infrastructures. This uncertainty is subjected to a detailed analysis, leading us to present novel modelling and simulation techniques for Data Grids. In addition, we discuss what we perceive as practical limits to the development of data distribution algorithms for Data Grids given the underlying infrastructure uncertainty, and propose future research directions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Disgust and fear‐related UCS‐expectancy bias in blood‐fearful individuals
Authors: van Overveld Mark , de Jong Peter J. , Peters Madelon L. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractPeople with specific fears tend to overestimate the occurrence of unpleasant consequences in situations involving their feared objects. Such expectancy bias logically acts in a way to confirm phobic fear and avoidance. Increasing evidence suggests that blood phobia is qualitatively different from other specific phobias. Confrontation with phobic stimuli gives rise to disgust and repulsion rather than (threat‐induced) fear. Therefore, this study examined the role of disgust‐related UCS expectancies following confrontation with blood phobia‐relevant stimuli. Using a thought‐experiment procedure, high (n = 30) and low (n = 30) blood‐fearful individuals estimated the probability that the presentation of slides showing a bloody wound and a series of filler slides would be followed by a sip of nauseating juice, a threat‐related electrical shock or nothing. Although participants generally expected shock and juice following blood, UCS expectancies for both aversive outcomes for blood were significantly more pronounced in high blood‐fearful participants. This implicates that UCS‐expectancy biases may be involved in the development and maintenance of blood phobia. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner's MessageThis paper is relevant to clinical practitioners:• To learn whether disgust and fear could both be important factors in blood phobia;• To examine the role of UCS expectancies in the maintenance of phobic complaints; and• To learn whether cognitive biases towards disgust are relevant to psychopathology (in particular, blood phobia) and to learn about the relevance of addressing disgust‐related UCS expectancies for blood in future treatments.
Vulnerability factors in OCD symptoms: cross‐cultural comparisons between Turkish and Canadian samples
Authors: Yorulmaz Orçun , Gençöz Tülin , Woody Sheila 
Published: August 2009

AbstractRecent findings have suggested some potential psychological vulnerability factors for development of obsessive‐compulsive (OC) symptoms, including cognitive factors of appraisal and thought control, religiosity, self‐esteem and personality characteristics such as neuroticism. Studies demonstrating these associations usually come from Western cultures, but there may be cultural differences relevant to these vulnerability factors and OC symptoms. The present study examined the relationship between putative vulnerability factors and OC symptoms by comparing non‐clinical samples from Turkey and Canada, two countries with quite different cultural characteristics. The findings revealed some common correlates such as neuroticism and certain types of metacognition, including appraisals of responsibility/threat estimation and perfectionism/need for certainty, as well as thought–action fusion. However, culture‐specific factors were also indicated in the type of thought control participants used. For OC disorder symptoms, Turkish participants were more likely to utilize worry and thought suppression, while Canadian participants tended to use self‐punishment more frequently. The association with common factors supports the cross‐cultural validity of some factors, whereas unique factors suggest cultural features that may be operative in cognitive processes relevant to OC symptoms. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message:• Despite cross‐cultural validity in the cognitive accounts for OCD, there are some evidences implying the impact of cultural characteristics on some cognitive factors across different cultures. Thus, it is important for clinicians who work with people from different cultural backgrounds to be vigilant for possible variations in the cognitive processes during psychotherapy and psychological assessment.