bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on carbon emissions towards flange connection joints of assembled steel structures
Authors: Guo Jinyang , Zhang Yanxia , Zheng Mingzhao , Zhao Xi , Wu Binglong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn order to comply with the trend of global climate change, countries are gradually promoting energy conservation and emission reduction, and prefabricated buildings have become one of the main paths for the construction industry to develop towards carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. This paper takes the box-shaped column flange connection achieved by plug welding-core sleeve in the dormitory building of Tongzhou Campus of the Affiliated High School of Capital Normal University in China as the research object. Based on the consumption quota of prefabricated construction projects and the actual project quantity, the carbon emissions of steel structure column connection joints at different phases are calculated by the emission factor method, and it is proposed that the production consumption of building materials plays a key role in energy conservation and emission reduction. This paper concludes that the box-shaped column flange connection achieved by plug welding-core sleeve in the construction phase of an assembled steel building emits 49.5% less carbon dioxide than a conventional full fusion-welded joint. And the reason for the high carbon emissions of the latter is mainly from the amount of materials and machinery required for full penetration welding. It further affirms the green and environmental protection effect of the assembled steel structure plug welding-core sleeve flange connection joint in actual projects, and provides a reference for related research.
Optimizing scope 3 emissions in the automotive manufacturing industry: a multidisciplinary approach
Authors: Wang Yan , Hao Yu , Hou Yilin , Quan Quan , Li Yuanzhe 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe acceleration of global climate change poses enormous challenges to the automotive manufacturing industry, a key sector in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Particularly, Scope 3 emissions, encompassing indirect emissions, often constitute the largest carbon footprint component in this sector, yet their quantification and management remain challenging. This paper proposes an interdisciplinary approach that integrates cloud computing, text analysis, and machine learning, and systematically details its implementation, key benefits, and potential applications. Through this methodology, the paper seeks to provide the automotive industry with innovative and actionable insights to tackle the complexities of Scope 3 emissions. It focuses on enhancing the accuracy of emission quantification and optimizing supply chains, aiming to reduce the overall carbon footprint. Moreover, this paper outlines the future challenges and directions for these technologies and methodologies in sustainable development and environmental management. This work underlines the critical role of interdisciplinary approaches in resolving environmental challenges, setting the stage for the automotive industry to forge paths towards a greener future.
Graphical Abstract
“Spectator to One's Own Life”
Authors: TAYLOR MARK ROBERT 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGalen Strawson (2004) has championed an influential argument against the view that a life is, or ought to be, understood as a kind of story with temporal extension. The weight of his argument rests on his self-report of his experience of life as lacking the form or temporal extension necessary for narrative. And though this argument has been widely accepted, I argue that it ought to have been rejected. On one hand, the hypothetical non-diachronic life Strawson proposes would likely be psychologically fragmented. On the other, it would certainly be morally diminished, for it would necessarily lack the capacity for integrity.
Wafer-Thin History: India and World War I Through Postcards
Authors: Khan Omar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWorld War I (1914–1918) was a defining moment in world history. The Great War came just at the end of the golden age of picture postcards, the Instagram of its time, when humans first shared pictures with each other at a volume and breadth never realized before. This article examines postcards of the war of Indian soldiers and prisoners by French, German, British, and Indian soldiers and associated Europeans to reveal how prejudices and identities were affected by warfare. Postcards also reflected the rise of the Independence struggle as one of its consequences toward the end of the war. As visual media and social extensions of print capitalism, they are a rich source of how complex and contradictory this formative phase of nationalism was for all involved, and the way these humble new media objects were able to play an important role in the psychological conflicts that ensued.
What Sadness for Husain? Comparative ethnographic analysis of two Muharram celebrations in Sindh and Punjab (Pakistan)
Authors: Ortis Delphine 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe commemoration of Husain’s martyrdom named “Muharram” implies for the Shi’ite community that it publicly expresses its grief. This emotion is central to its definition, as Muharram is referred to as the “month of mourning” and the Shi’ite as a “community of mourners.” However, Muharram would not be equivalent across Pakistan, as a young Shi’ite fakir, who will serve as our guide, in this comparative study, points out. According to him, the sadness would be greater in Lahore (Punjab) than in Sehwan (Sindh), and for this reason Muharram would be better celebrated there. The comparison of the ritual process in these two cities, drawn from the experiences of this fakir and the ethnographer, will show how the production and expression of sadness are subject to contrasting experiences on the one hand, and divergent aims on the other, depending on the position of the actors in the social context in which they are lived.
Perspectives for extraordinary elastic-wave control in non-Hermitian meta-structures
Authors: Ren Bochen , Hu Yabin , Li Zheng , Liu Yongquan , Li Bing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Meta-structures, including metamaterials and metasurfaces, possess remarkable physical properties beyond those observed in natural materials and thus have exhibited unique wave manipulation abilities ranging from quantum to classical transports. The past decades have witnessed the explosive development and numerous implications of meta-structures in elastic-wave control under the Hermitian condition. However, more notably, a lot of recent research has been made to show that non-Hermitian meta-structures offer novel means for wave manipulation. Non-Hermiticity has enhanced both the accuracy and efficiency of wave steering capabilities. To this end, starting from electromagnetics and acoustics, we mainly review the up-to-date progress of non-Hermitian elastic meta-structures with a focus on their extraordinary elastic-wave control. A variety of promising scenarios realized by non-Hermitian elastic metamaterials and metasurfaces, such as the parity-time-symmetric system and the skin effect, are summarized. Furthermore, the perspectives and challenges of non-Hermitian elastic meta-structures for future key opportunities are outlined.
Chilean-Style Populism: Carlos Ibáñez's Electoral Support Base
Authors: Mimica Nicolás , Navia Patricio 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBased on his record as president, Carlos Ibáñez is usually considered a populist caudillo in Chilean historiography. However, there are few studies of whether his electoral base permits this classification or of the type of populism he represented. In his four presidential bids between 1927 and 1952, Ibáñez ran with the support of both left- and right-wing parties. Using municipal-level data, we assess his electoral support in the 1942 and 1952 presidential campaigns and support for Ibañista parties in the 1953 legislative elections. In 1942, Ibáñez's electoral base was similar to that of right-wing candidates while, in 1952, his support increased in areas where the Left was historically strong. While he received consistent support in agricultural areas, it fluctuated in mining and industrial areas.
Consent and Inclusion of People Living with Dementia (PLWD) in Research: Establishing a Canadian Agenda for Inclusive Rights-Based Practices
Authors: Grenier Amanda , O’Connor Deborah , James Krista , Imahori Daphne , Minchopoulos Daniella , Velev Nicole , Tamblyn-Watts Laura , Mann Jim 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundPeople living with dementia (PLWD) may want to participate in research, but the guidelines and processes enacted across various contexts may prohibit this from happening.ObjectiveUnderstanding the experiences of people with lived experiences of dementia requires meaningful inclusion in research, as is consistent with rights-based perspectives. Currently, the inclusion of PLWD in Canadian research is complex, and guidelines and conceptual frameworks have not been fully developed.MethodsThis research note outlines a three-year proof-of-concept grant on the inclusion and consent of PLWD in research.FindingsIt presents a brief report on some of the contradictions and challenges that exist in legislation, research guidelines, and research practices and raises a series of questions as part of an agenda on rights and inclusion of PLWD in research.DiscussionIt suggests conceptual, legal, and policy issues that need to be addressed and invites Canadian researchers to re-envision research practices and to advocate for law and policy reform that enables dementia research to align and respect the rights and personhood of PLWD.
Perceived organizational support moderates the effect of job demands on outcomes: Testing the JD-R model in Italian oncology nurses
Authors: Ramaci Tiziana , Santisi Giuseppe , Curatolo Krizia , Barattucci Massimiliano 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe research aimed to test the job demands-resources (JD-R) model on a sample of Italian oncology workers, and the role of perceived organizational support (POS) as a moderator of the effects of JD on outcomes (job satisfaction and burnout [BO]).MethodsBased on the JD-R model, a correlational study was designed to investigate the relationships between JD, POS as a job resource, self-esteem (as a personal resource), and job outcomes (BO and job satisfaction); the research involved a sample of oncology nurses (N = 235) from an Italian public hospital, who completed a questionnaire during working hours. Relationships between variables were investigated with multiple regressions and moderation analysis.ResultsResults confirmed that JD predict both BO and job satisfaction; POS is a weak predictor of job outcomes, but its mediator role in the JD-outcomes relationship was confirmed: the more the nurses perceive a supportive organization, the weaker the positive relationship between JD and BO.Significance of resultsFindings are consistent with other contributions that highlighted that organizational job resources may attenuate the adverse effect of JD on positive and negative outcomes: POS may play a central role in employee well-being and health, acting as a possible moderator, and somehow defusing the positive association between JD and outcomes.
Effects of bed width and crop row spacing on barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) emergence and seed production in furrow-irrigated rice
Authors: Reed Noah H. , Butts Thomas R. , Norsworthy Jason K. , Hardke Jarrod T. , Barber L. Tom , Bateman Nick R. , Poncet Aurelie M. , Kouame Koffi B. J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFurrow-irrigated rice (Oryza sativa L.) has become a popular option for rice production in Arkansas. Highly troublesome weeds like barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.] are a major problem for producers in all rice production systems. Cultural tactics should become a priority to enhance crop growth and competitiveness. This research aimed to determine the effects of bed width (irrigation furrow spacing) and crop row spacing manipulation on E. crus-galli emergence and seed production in a furrow-irrigated rice system. Three bed widths (76, 97, and 152 cm) (whole-plot factor) were used, and plots were drill seeded in four crop row spacings (13, 19, 25, and 38 cm) (subplot factor). The widest width of 152 cm had a slight increase in E. crus-galli density in the early rice life cycle but, by the end of the season, did not differ from the narrower bed widths. Conversely, a decrease in E. crus-galli seed production was observed as the bed width increased. Similar rice canopy coverage and yields occurred among all three bed widths. As for crop row spacing, as the width increased, E. crus-galli density also increased. The 13-cm crop row spacing had the lowest preflood E. crus-galli density, preharvest panicle count, and seed production. No effect of crop row spacing was observed on rice canopy coverage; however, the 13-cm crop row spacing produced the greatest rice yield. The 13-cm crop row spacing paired with the 152-cm bed width may be the optimum combination of ecological strategies in furrow-irrigated rice to reduce E. crus-galli seed production while maintaining rice growth and yield.
Seismic Moment Accumulation Rate From Geodesy: Constraining Kostrov Thickness in Southern California
Authors: Guns Katherine , Sandwell David , Xu Xiaohua , Bock Yehuda , Yong Lauren Ward , Smith‐Konter Bridget 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSeismic moment accumulation rate is a fundamental parameter for assessing seismic hazard. It can be estimated geodetically from either fault‐based modeling, or strain rate‐based calculations, where fault‐based models largely depend on the rheological layering and the number of faults. The strain‐rate method depends on an unknown (Kostrov) thickness used to convert strain rate into moment rate. In Part 1 of this study, we use three published fault‐based models from southern California to establish the value of the Kostrov thickness such that the total moment from the strain‐rate approach, calculated from the fault model‐predicted strain rate, matches the fault‐based approach. Constrained thickness estimates of 7.3, 9.7, and 11.5 km (6.4–13.0 km, including uncertainties) suggest that the 11 km value used in previous studies may be too large and a lower value may be more accurate. In Part 2 we use calibrated values of Kostrov thickness, along with the latest compilation of GNSS velocity data, to partition moment rate into on‐fault and off‐fault moment rate, where off‐fault varies from 32%–43% of the total moment rate. The largest uncertainty is related to the method used to interpolate sparse GNSS data. Lastly, we compare our estimates of total moment rate (mean: 2.13 ± 0.42 × 1019 Nm/yr) with the historical seismic catalog. Results suggest that including uncertainties in Kostrov thickness brings fault‐based geodetic moment rate closer to the seismic moment release (particularly when aseismic afterslip is accounted for), while the (uncertain) values of off‐fault moment rate push geodetic moment rates to be larger than seismic moment rates.
Repeated Coseismic Uplift of Coastal Lagoons Above the Patton Bay Splay Fault System, Montague Island, Alaska, USA
Authors: DePaolis Jessica M. , Dura Tina , Witter Robert C. , Haeussler Peter J. , Bender Adrian , Curran Janet H. , Corbett D. Reide 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCoseismic slip on the Patton Bay splay fault system during the 1964 Mw 9.2 Great Alaska Earthquake contributed to local tsunami generation and vertically uplifted shorelines as much as 11 m on Montague Island in Prince William Sound (PWS). Sudden uplift of 3.7–4.3 m caused coastal lagoons along the island's northwestern coast to gradually drain. The resulting change in depositional environment from marine lagoon to freshwater muskeg created a sharp, laterally continuous stratigraphic contact between silt and overlying peat. Here, we characterize the geomorphology, sedimentology, and diatom ecology across the 1964 earthquake contact and three similar prehistoric contacts within the stratigraphy of the Hidden Lagoons locality. We find that the contacts signal instances of abrupt coastal uplift that, within error, overlap the timing of independently constrained megathrust earthquakes in PWS—1964 Common Era, 760–870 yr BP, 2500–2700 yr BP, and 4120–4500 yr BP. Changes in fossil diatom assemblages across the inferred prehistoric earthquake contacts reflect ecological shifts consistent with repeated draining of a lagoon system caused by >3 m of coseismic uplift. Our observations provide evidence for four instances of combined megathrust‐splay fault ruptures that have occurred in the past ∼4,200 years in PWS. The possibility that 1964‐style combined megathrust‐splay fault ruptures may have repeated in the past warrants their consideration in future seismic and tsunami hazards assessments.
Internal Versus Forced Variability Metrics for General Circulation Models Using Information Theory
Authors: Sane Aakash , Fox‐Kemper Baylor , Ullman David S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOcean model simulations show variability due to intrinsic chaos and external forcing (air‐sea fluxes, river input, etc.). It is important to estimate their contributions to total variability for attribution. Using variance to estimate variability might be unreliable due to non‐Gaussian higher statistical moments. We show the use of non‐parametric information theory metrics, Shannon entropy and mutual information, for measuring internal and forced variability in ocean models. These metrics are applied to spatially and temporally averaged data. The metrics delineate relative intrinsic to total variability in a wider range of circumstances than previous approaches based on variance ratios. The metrics are applied to (a) a synthetic ensemble of random vectors, (b) ocean component of a global climate (GFDL‐ESM2M) large ensemble, (c) ensemble of a realistic coastal ocean model. The information theory metric qualitatively agrees with the variance‐based metric and possibly identifies regions of nonlinear correlations. In application (2)–the climate ensemble–the information theory metric detects higher temperature intrinsic variability in the Arctic region compared to the variance metric illustrating that the former is robust in a skewed probability distribution (Arctic sea surface temperature) resulting from sharply nonlinear behavior (freezing point). In application (3)–coastal ensemble–variability is dominated by external forcing. Using different selective forcing ensembles, we quantify the sensitivity of the coastal model to different types of external forcing: variations in the river runoff and changes in wind product do not add information (i.e., variability) during summer. Information theory enables ranking how much each forcing type contributes across multiple variables.
High‐Latitude Off‐Great Circle Propagation Associated With the Solar Terminator
Authors: Cameron T. G. , Fiori R. A. D. , Perry G. W. , Ruck J. J. , Thayaparan T. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLarge‐scale ionospheric gradients associated with the solar terminator can deflect high frequency (HF) radio waves to off‐great circle paths during the morning and evening, negatively impacting technologies reliant on HF radio wave propagation. For example, geolocation algorithms used by scientific and military over‐the‐horizon radars (OTHRs) generally assume on‐great circle propagation, and thus lateral deviations from the great‐circle path can lead to positioning errors. In this study, radio wave propagation is simulated via 3D numerical ray traces though an empirical, high‐latitude model ionosphere initialized for a variety of times of the day and year to explore and quantify high‐latitude off‐great circle propagation associated with the solar terminator. Analysis of these simulations show large scale east‐west ionospheric gradients due to the solar terminator can cause lateral deviations in north‐directed propagation paths exceeding 20° at sunrise and sunset depending on radio wave frequency, though the largest portion of received signal power tends to experience maximum deflections of 5°. An exploration of the dependence of propagation direction on deflection shows that propagation paths parallel to the solar terminator tend to experience the largest deflections. Since the solar terminator at high latitudes is at an angle with respect to north in the winter and summer, propagation paths oriented west or east of north can experience larger deflections than north oriented paths at sunrise and sunset during these times of year. Impacts of these diurnal deflections on the operation of OTHR and scientific radar are discussed, as well as possible strategies for mitigating them.
The Geodetic Signature of Bookshelf Faulting in Nicaragua
Authors: Higgins M. , La Femina P. C. , Saballos A. J. , Geirsson H. , Strauch W. , Malservisi R. , Mattioli G. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTrench‐parallel translation of the Central American Forearc (CAFA) is the result of strain partitioning along the Cocos and Caribbean (CA) convergent margin. Unlike the tectonics of northwestern Costa Rica and El Salvador, CAFA‐CA relative motion in Nicaragua is not accommodated on margin‐parallel fault systems. Rather, the northwest‐trending dextral shear is accommodated on margin‐normal sinistral strike‐slip faults that approximate the motion of a margin‐parallel fault (i.e., bookshelf faulting). We compare a new Global Positioning System interseismic horizontal velocity field to analytical and numerical models to show that the bookshelf faulting model can produce the observed velocity field and provide insight into the kinematics and configuration of the margin‐normal fault system. We find that a fault system with 20 km‐long parallel to sub‐parallel margin‐normal sinistral faults, spaced ∼5 km apart, locked from the surface to 5 km depth, and with interseismic slip deficits of 4 mm yr−1, can replicate the observed velocity field. These findings have implications for the region's seismic hazard where shallow moderate‐magnitude earthquakes will have reoccurrence intervals of ∼50 years. These findings are also important for volcanic hazard estimation and unrest forecasting because the margin‐normal faults are in the volcanic arc and magma‐tectonic interactions have been documented along the CAFA.