bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temperament ratings by parents and teachers as predictors of non‐verbal ability in Argentinean preschoolers
Authors: Hermida Maria Julia , Ruetti Eliana , Lipina Sebastián Javier , Segretin Maria Soledad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractChild temperament is a predictor of non‐verbal ability (i.e. thinking and problem‐solving skills that do not fundamentally require verbal language production and comprehension). Given that temperament scores might vary depending on whether the reporter is a parent or a teacher, this study analyses (a) whether those reports are different and (b) how each report predicts child non‐verbal ability in a non‐western, educated, industrialized, rich and democratic sample. The Matrix subtest of KABC‐II (a non‐verbal ability task widely used in non‐western, educated, industrialized, rich and democratic contexts) was administered to 85 Argentinian children (47 girls, 38 boys) aged 4–5 years, from middle‐to‐low socioeconomic status homes. Also, the Child Behaviour Questionnaire‐Very Short Form was administered to obtain temperament reports from parents and teachers. We will compare the parent's and teacher's reports on temperament using Mann–Whitney U‐tests. Finally, multiple linear regression analyses will be conducted to explore how parent and teacher reports of temperament predict non‐verbal ability. Each temperament dimension will be analysed separately. Results should be interpreted considering the low sample size.
Household dog fecal composting: Current issues and future directions
Authors: Bryson Emily , Anastasi Amie , Bricknell Lisa , Kift Ryan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDog feces are a known source of nutrient, pathogen, and plastic pollution that can harm human and ecosystem health. Home composting may be a more environmentally sustainable method of managing dog feces and reducing this pollution. While composting is an established method for recycling animal manures into low‐risk soil conditioners for food production, few studies have investigated whether household‐scale compost methods can safely and effectively process dog feces for use in backyard edible gardens. A broad range of literature on in situ composting of dog feces is evaluated and compared according to scale, parameters tested, and compost methods used. Studies are analyzed based on key identified knowledge gaps: appropriate compost technologies to produce quality soil conditioner on small scales, potential for fecal pathogen disinfection in mesophilic compost conditions, and biodegradation of compostable plastic dog waste bags in home compost systems. This review also discusses how existing methods and quality standards for commercial compost can be adapted to dog fecal home composting. Priorities for future research are investigation of household‐scale aerobic compost methods and potential compost amendments needed to effectively decompose dog feces and compostable plastic dog waste bags to produce a good‐quality, sanitized, beneficial soil conditioner for use in home gardens. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;00:1–16. © 2024 The Author(s). Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Regulatory Role of RNA N6‐Methyladenosine Modification in Plants
Authors: Tayier Subiding , Tian Enlin , Jia Guifang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractN6‐methyladenosine (m6A), as the most abundant and well‐studied RNA modification, can be reversibly added or removed by m6A methyltransferase and demethylase. The further molecular and biological function of m6A is achieved by the recognition of its binding protein. m6A functions in the diverse progress of RNA processing, including transcription regulation, splicing, nuclear export, stability, and translation, to regulate the fate of cells. Although been extensively studied in various animal cell systems, research on m6A's regulatory functions in plant cells lags. In recent years, with a deepening understanding of the functions of m6A and the development of various sequencing technologies, researches on m6A in plant cells have gradually increased. In this review, we focused on discussing the molecular functions of m6A in the nucleus and cytoplasm, aiming to elucidate the specific molecular mechanisms by which m6A regulates the fate of RNAs in plants. Finally, we provide some perspectives on future investigations of the detailed molecular mechanism of m6A‐mediated regulation in plants, which might provide insights into future strategies for achieving multiple growth regulatory processes in crops.
Transformer Skip‐Fusion Based SwinUNet for Liver Segmentation From CT Images
Authors: Kumar S. S. , Vinod Kumar R. S. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTLiver segmentation is a crucial step in medical image analysis and is essential for diagnosing and treating liver diseases. However, manual segmentation is time‐consuming and subject to variability among observers. To address these challenges, a novel liver segmentation approach, SwinUNet with transformer skip‐fusion is proposed. This method harnesses the Swin Transformer's capacity to model long‐range dependencies efficiently, the U‐Net's ability to preserve fine spatial details, and the transformer skip‐fusion's effectiveness in enabling the decoder to learn intricate features from encoder feature maps. In experiments using the 3DIRCADb and CHAOS datasets, this technique outperformed traditional CNN‐based methods, achieving a mean DICE coefficient of 0.988% and a mean Jaccard coefficient of 0.973% by aggregating the results obtained from each dataset, signifying outstanding agreement with ground truth. This remarkable accuracy in liver segmentation holds significant promise for improving liver disease diagnosis and enhancing healthcare outcomes for patients with liver conditions.
Combined regenerative rehabilitation improves recovery following volumetric muscle loss injury in a rat model
Authors: Johnson David , Tobo Connor , Au Jeffrey , Nagarapu Aakash , Ziemkiewicz Natalia , Chauvin Hannah , Robinson Jessica , Shringarpure Saloni , Tadiwala Jamshid , Brockhouse Julia , Flaveny Colin A. , Garg Koyal 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVolumetric muscle loss (VML) injury causes irreversible deficits in muscle mass and function, often resulting in permanent disability. The current standard of care is physical therapy, but it is limited in mitigating functional deficits. We have previously optimized a rehabilitation technique using electrically stimulated eccentric contraction training (EST) that improved muscle mass, strength, and size in VML‐injured rats. A biosponge scaffold composed of extracellular matrix proteins has previously enhanced muscle function postVML. This study aimed to determine whether combining a regenerative therapy (i.e., biosponge) with a novel rehabilitation technique (i.e., EST) could enhance recovery in a rat model of VML. A VML defect was created by removing ~20% of muscle mass from the tibialis anterior muscle in adult male Lewis rats. Experimental groups included VML‐injured rats treated with biosponge with EST or biosponge alone (n = 6/group). EST was implemented 2 weeks postinjury at 150 Hz and was continued for 4 weeks. A linear increase in eccentric torque over 4 weeks showed the adaptability of the VML‐injured muscle to EST. Combining biosponge with EST improved peak isometric torque by ~52% compared with biosponge treatment alone at 6 weeks postinjury. Application of EST increased MyoD gene expression and the percentage of large (>2000 μm2) type 2B myofibers but reduced fibrotic tissue deposition in VML‐injured muscles. Together, these changes may provide the basis for improved torque production. This study demonstrates the potential for combined regenerative and rehabilitative therapy to improve muscle recovery following VML.
Roles and challenges encountered by midwives in the management of postpartum haemorrhage following normal vaginal delivery: A scoping review
Authors: Yao Xiao , Shan Shan‐Shan , Li Yue‐Hong , Ding Li‐Jing , Wan Yue , Zhao Yin‐Yi , Huang Rong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimsTo establish a comprehensive understanding of the roles of midwives and the challenges they encounter in the prevention, diagnosis and management of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) following normal vaginal delivery.DesignWe conducted a scoping review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐ScR) recommendations.MethodsWe considered studies related to the roles of midwives and the challenges they encounter in the prevention, diagnosis and management of PPH during vaginal delivery. We excluded guidelines, consensuses, abstracts of meetings and non‐English language studies. Databases, including the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid, Medline, Embase, JBI EBP and BIOSIS Previews, were searched on January 1, 2023, with no time limitations.ResultsWe included 28 publications. Midwives play important roles in the prevention, diagnosis and management of postpartum haemorrhage during vaginal delivery. In the prevention of PPH, midwives' roles include identifying and managing high‐risk factors, managing labour and implementing skin‐to‐skin contact. In the diagnosis of PPH, midwives' roles include early recognition and blood loss estimation. In the management of PPH, midwives are involved in mobilizing other professional team members, emergency management, investigating causes, enhancing uterine contractions, the repair of perineal tears, arranging transfers and preparation for surgical intervention. However, midwives face substantial challenges, including insufficient knowledge and skills, poor teamwork skills, insufficient resources and the need to deal with their negative emotions. Midwives must improve their knowledge, skills and teamwork abilities. Health care system managers and the government should give full support to midwives. Future research should focus on developing clinical practice guidelines for midwives for preventing, diagnosing and managing postpartum haemorrhage.
Associations of short‐term changes in obesity indices with all‐cause mortality and cardiovascular disease
Authors: Wang Lyu , Deng Yun‐Yang , Yu Tsung , Lao Xiang‐Qian , Wong Martin C. S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate how short‐term changes (1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year) in obesity measures affect mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.MethodsWe analyzed longitudinal data from the MJ Health Centre (n = 43,304 for the 1‐year study; 24,295 for the 3‐year study; 16,138 for the 5‐year study) with median follow‐up periods of 15.8, 13.9, and 12.3 years, respectively. Associations of short‐term obesity indices changes with mortality and Framingham Risk Score changes were explored using time‐dependent coefficient Cox regression models, restricted cubic splines, and multivariable linear regression models.ResultsAll‐cause mortality was negatively associated with short‐term weight and BMI changes, with greater reductions causing poorer outcomes. Compared with stable groups, short‐term reduced weight and BMI were associated with greater risks of all‐cause mortality and CVD‐specific mortality (5‐year study only). Also, either 1‐ and 3‐year reduced or 3‐year increased waist circumference and waist to height ratio were related to higher all‐cause and CVD deaths than stable groups, respectively. Nonlinear relationships indicated lower cutoff values for short‐term changes in obesity indices in predicting all‐cause mortality. Decreased obesity indices significantly improved CVD profiles.ConclusionsShort‐term changes in obesity indices show complex mortality risks, urging personalized approaches beyond a simple weight loss focus.
Effects of grinding mode on grinding performance of anisotropic CF/PEEK composites
Authors: Yan Xin , Zhao Huan , Li Pulin , Wen Zihang , Wang Rongguo , Ding Han 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGrinding could be used to enhance accuracy and quality of carbon fiber‐reinforced poly‐ether‐ether‐ketone (CF/PEEK) composites. However, the grinding mode, namely up‐grinding (UG) or down‐grinding (DG), is usually neglected while unbefitting grinding mode choice may cause inferior surface quality. To investigate effects of grinding modes on grinding performance of anisotropic CF/PEEK, grinding experiments in UG and DG were carried out under different fiber orientation angles θ. Experimental results indicated that maximum grinding temperatures and normal grinding forces in UG were lower than DG regardless of the abrasive grit sizes. Material removal mechanisms of CF/PEEK affected by grinding mode were revealed by analyzing morphologies of surface, chip and grinding wheel. When θ = 0°, the dominant mechanisms in DG were extrusion fracture and fiber deformation, while they were interface shear debonding and bending fracture in UG. When θ = 90°, the dominant mechanisms in DG included interface layer separation and bending fracture, while they were shear and extrusion fracture of well‐supported fibers in UG. Thus, UG was more favorable for material removal, obtaining lower surface roughness values, fewer machining defects and less wheel wear than DG. This study will provide technical guidance for high‐quality grinding of carbon fiber‐reinforced thermoplastic composites.Highlights
The effects of grinding modes (DG and UG) on the grinding performance of anisotropic CF/PEEK composites were investigated.
Material removal mechanisms of CF/PEEK affected by grinding mode were revealed under different fiber orientation angles.
The maximum grinding temperatures and normal grinding forces in UG were lower than DG.
UG was more favorable for material removal in grinding, and could produce better ground surface quality than DG.
Bending behavior and damage evolution of GLARE laminate using in‐situ AE technology and FEM
Authors: Hu Kejun , Zheng Yingxiao , Zhang Mai , Shi Qinghe , Zhao Fengling , Zhu Fuxian , Xie Li , Duan Liuyang , Han Wenqin , Cao Zhongliang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGLARE laminate experiences multiple damage modes during bending failure, including fiber fracture, matrix cracking, interlayer delamination, and fracture of aluminum alloy. In most cases, two or more failure modes occur together, which makes the damage process complex and unpredictable. This paper proposes a combination of experimental testing and numerical simulation to investigate the influence of fiber lay‐up direction and center open‐hole on the bending failure behavior of GLARE laminate. Simultaneously, Acoustic Emission (AE) technology was used to monitor the bending process of GLARE laminates in real‐time, and a numerical simulation model for the three‐point bending of GLARE laminates was established. The experimental results showed that the bending strength of intact specimens decreased significantly with the increase of the fiber off‐axis angle, whereas the strength retention of open‐hole specimens increased significantly with the increase of the fiber off‐axis angle. Based on the K‐means++ clustering algorithm, the peak frequencies corresponding to different damage modes of GLARE laminates were identified as follows: aluminum alloy damage [1–70 kHz], matrix cracking [93–210 kHz], interlaminar delamination [211–304 kHz], and fiber breakage [304–516 kHz]. The simulation results agreed well with the experimental results, showing that the damage in intact specimens initiated at the laminate edges and propagated sequentially along the thickness direction, while the damage in open‐hole specimens initiated at the hole edges and then propagated towards the laminate edges.Highlights
The present study investigated the effects of fiber lay‐up direction and central open‐hole on the bending performance and failure behavior of GLARE laminate.
In‐situ monitoring of the GLARE laminate during three‐point bending was conducted using AE technology.
A model for simulating the progressive damage of GLARE laminate was established and its accuracy was verified.
Durability of glass FRP bar‐reinforced seawater–sea sand concrete beams under sustained loading in a subtropical coastal environment
Authors: Wang Zhihao , Zhao Jinxia , Liu Peng , Zhang Xinpeng , Lu Zhongyu , Xie Jianhe 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe replacement of conventional bars with fiber‐reinforced polymer (FRP) bars in seawater–sea sand concrete (SSC) structures is a promising method for sustainable construction. To promote the engineering application of the aforementioned structures, the primary objective of this study was to investigate the concerns regarding the durability of SSC beams reinforced with GFRP bars. For this purpose, three‐point bending tests were conducted on GFRP bar‐reinforced SSC beams to examine the coupled effects of sustained loading and exposure to a subtropical coastal environment on the flexural behavior of exposed SSC beams. The test results revealed that SSC beams reinforced with GFRP bars exhibited excellent durability in a subtropical coastal environment. The coupled effect of sustained loading and exposure to the subtropical coastal environment had an insignificant negative influence on the ultimate flexural capacity of GFRP bar‐reinforced SSC beams at 540 days of age. The failure mechanism of the exposed GFRP bar‐reinforced SSC beams was concrete crushing due to overreinforcement. Finally, the flexural capacity of the exposed beams was predicted by a function of the degradation in the tensile strength of the GFRP bars.Highlights
The coupled effects of loading and environmental exposure on GFRP‐SSC beams were examined.
The failure mechanisms of the exposed GFRP‐SSC beams was investigated.
The long‐term flexural capacity of the GFRP‐SSC beams was predicted.
Dynamic damage and non‐shock ignition behavior of polymer bonded explosive under lower velocity impact
Authors: Xiao Youcai , Pei Kelei , Zou Yu , Han Yong , Gong Tianyuan , Xiao Xiangdong , Sun Yi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe accidental ignition of polymer‐bonded explosives (PBXs) caused by hot spots has been the focus of domestic and international research. Micro‐crack friction plays a crucial role in the formation these hot spots. In this study, confined tests were conducted to investigate the ignition response of PBX under impact loading. The experimental results revealed that the PBX underwent ignition under the given conditions of a pressure load with a pulse width of 50 μs and an amplitude of 638 MPa. The viscoelastic statistical cracking model (Visco‐SCRAM) and hot‐spot ignition model were used to describe the damage behaviors and ignition responses of the PBX. The simulation results revealed that more severe damage occurs at the center of the impact face and its vicinity under confined impact conditions, which is consistent with the observed post‐test samples. Additionally, simulation results also predict a trapezoidal shape for the severely damaged region within the PBX. The findings of this study provide insights for understanding the damage behavior and the critical ignition of PBX under impact loading.
Synthesis of HHTPB by partial hydrogenation of HTPB using copper chromite as a catalyst
Authors: Prasad Ch Devi Vara , Kanakaraju P. , Vinu R. , Deshpande Abhijit P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHTPB (hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene) is a well‐established binder in the composite solid propellant owing to its excellent compatibility with ammonium perchlorate (AP) and aluminium (Al) particles in giving rise to optimal ballistic and mechanical properties. Efforts are being made to improve the ballistic properties further, such as specific impulse. One way of increasing the specific impulse is to hydrogenate HTPB, which decreases the molecular mass of the combustion product gases. This paper is a summary of efforts in synthesizing hydrogenated HTPB (HHTPB) using copper chromite (CC) as a catalyst. A novel synthesis methodology is developed for HHTPB using a temperature‐programmed batch reactor with a variable speed stirrer and an instrumentation system to maintain the desired liquid reactant temperature. A process cycle is developed that includes addition sequence and reaction time. The product is analyzed using 1H‐NMR and FTIR to estimate the degree of hydrogenation and the geometrical isomers respectively. The estimated apparent equilibrium rate constants from the degree of hydrogenation values are respectively 74 and 2034 L/(mol MPa) for non‐catalyzed and catalyzed systems, indicating the effectiveness of the catalyst. This is also substantiated by the reduction in Gibbs free energy (ΔG), to an extent of 4.48 kJ/mol. Thermogravimetry examination indicates that the decomposition temperature of HHTPB produced by the catalytic method is marginally higher compared to HTPB. DSC curves indicate that the decomposition enthalpy of HHTPB is higher than that of HTPB. In summary, this paper proposed and validated a novel method in the preparation of HHTPB using copper chromite.
Protein–Protein Interaction Prediction via Structure‐Based Deep Learning
Authors: Liu Yucong , Liu Yijun , Li Zhenhai 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTProtein–protein interactions (PPIs) play an essential role in life activities. Many artificial intelligence algorithms based on protein sequence information have been developed to predict PPIs. However, these models have difficulty dealing with various sequence lengths and suffer from low generalization and prediction accuracy. In this study, we proposed a novel end‐to‐end deep learning framework, RSPPI, combining residual neural network (ResNet) and spatial pyramid pooling (SPP), to predict PPIs based on the protein sequence physicochemistry properties and spatial structural information. In the RSPPI model, ResNet was employed to extract the structural and physicochemical information from the protein three‐dimensional structure and primary sequence; the SPP layer was used to transform feature maps to a single vector and avoid the fixed‐length requirement. The RSPPI model possessed excellent cross‐species performance and outperformed several state‐of‐the‐art methods based either on protein sequence or gene ontology in most evaluation metrics. The RSPPI model provides a novel strategy to develop an AI PPI prediction algorithm.
Nonsurgical treatment of a patient with decompensated right ventricular failure due to chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension with proximal clot location—A case report
Authors: Braksator Marta , Jachymek Magdalena , Rahmani Amena , Widecka Katarzyna , Lewandowski Maciej , Jodko Łukasz , Peregud‐Pogorzelska Małgorzata 
Published: June 2024

AbstractChronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a disease resulting from impaired patency of the pulmonary arteries by a clot, and the treatment method of choice is pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA). In inoperable patients, balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) is recommended, but we need to implement pharmacological bridge therapy to BPA in some cases. We report a case of a 38‐year‐old male diagnosed with CTEPH, disqualified from PEA due to comorbidity, who developed right ventricular (RV) failure. The case shows a complex pharmacological treatment method that can be successfully used as an effective bridge therapy to BPA in patients with CTEPH and severe RV dysfunction, disqualified from surgery.