bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelling of energy harvesting with bendable concrete and surface-mounted PVDF
Authors: Xie Jinbao , Xu Yading , Wan Zhi , Ghaderiaram Ali , Schlangen Erik , Šavija Branko 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Polyvinyl alcohol fiber reinforced engineered cementitious composite (ECC) using piezoelectric polymer film has attracted significant interest due to its energy harvesting potential. This work provides a theoretical model for evaluating the energy harvesting of bendable ECC using surface-mounted polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). In the mechanical part, concrete damage plasticity model based on the explicit dynamic analysis was utilized to simulate the dynamic flexural behavior of ECC beam under different dynamic loading rates. The mechanism of force transfer through the bond layer between the PVDF film and ECC specimen was simulated by a surface-surface sliding friction model wherein the PVDF film was simplified as shell element to reduce computational cost. Then, the electromechanical behavior of the piezoelectric film was simulated by a piezoelectric finite element model. A simplified model was also given for a quick calculation. The theoretical model was verified with the experimentally measured mechanical and electrical results from the literature. Finally, a parametric analysis of the effects of electromechanical parameters on the efficiency of energy harvesting was performed. The verified theoretical model can provide a useful tool for design and optimization of cementitious composite systems for energy harvesting application.
Cyclic and uniaxial tensile properties of superelastic niti shape memory alloy cables
Authors: Zhou Yuhao , Lian Ming , Wang Yankai , Su Mingzhou 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the impact of various factors, including annealing duration, strain amplitude, cyclic loading, loading rate, and pre-training, on the mechanical properties of Nickel–Titanium shape memory alloy (SMA) cable. The primary focus is on evaluating their recovery ability and energy dissipation capabilities. The tested SMA cable has an outer diameter of 9 mm and a 7 × 7 configuration. The variation of strength, stiffness, residual strain, hysteretic energy, and equivalent viscous damping ratio of SMA cable with the loading cycle is analyzed. Furthermore, the impact of various annealing durations on the tensile strength and elongation of both SMA cables and wires was examined through monotonic tensile tests. The results indicate that the annealing duration considerably affects the superelastic behavior of SMA cables by shifting the stress-strain loops down and widening them. The recovery ability of SMA cable degrades more progressively with increasing loading amplitude and the number of loading cycles. The mechanical properties gradually stabilized after 20 times of constant strain amplitude loading and unloading training. The strain selection for cyclic training should not make the SMA cable in the martensite hardening stage. The recovery ability and peak stress of SMA cable can be significantly improved by pre-training. With the increase of annealing duration, the tensile strength of the SMA cable decreases gradually. Compared with SMA wire, SMA cable has better ductility and robustness and provides sufficient restoring force under large deformation.
Open dynamics of entanglement in mesoscopic bosonic systems
Authors: Schlichtholz Konrad , Rudnicki Łukasz 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A key issue in quantum information is finding an adequate description of mesoscopic systems that is simpler than full quantum formalism yet retains crucial information about non-classical phenomena like entanglement. In particular, the study of fully bosonic systems undergoing open evolution is of great importance for the advancement of photonic quantum computing and communication. In this paper, we propose a mesoscopic description of such systems based on boson number correlations. This description allows for tracking Markovian open evolution of entanglement of both non-Gaussian and Gaussian states and their sub-Poissonian statistics. It can be viewed as a generalization of the reduced state of the field formalism (Alicki 2019 Entropy
21 705), which by itself does not contain information about entanglement. As our approach adopts the structure of the description of two particles in terms of first quantization, it allows for broad intuitive usage of known tools. Using the proposed formalism, we show the robustness of entanglement against low-temperature damping for four-mode bright squeezed vacuum state and beam-splitted single photon. We also present a generalization of the Mandel Q parameter. Building upon this, we show that the entanglement of the state obtained by beam splitting of a single occupied mode is inherited from sub-Poissonian statistics of the input state.
Exploring bar fractions: a comparative study of galaxy pairs and single galaxies
Authors: Tawfeek Amira A , Samir Rasha M , Abdelhamid Nouran E , Reda Fatma M 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We present a comprehensive analysis of barred galaxies within two distinct samples: isolated single galaxies (SIG) and isolated galaxy pairs (SIP), drawn from the SDSS-based catalog of isolated galaxies and the catalog of isolated galaxy pair limited to M ≤ −18.5, respectively. Our primary aim is to investigate the influence of tidal effects on the bar fraction (f

bar
) across various galaxy systems. Barred galaxies are identified through automated ellipse fitting analysis supplemented by visual inspection of r-band imaging. A strong correlation between f

bar
and both galaxy morphological type and star formation rate has been revealed. Although, barred galaxies represent a nearly equal percentage of 52% in SIG and 51% in SIP, we found a little evidence for the tidal dependence of bar formation where a notable increase in the f

bar
is observed among galaxies characterized by larger projected separation and higher radial velocity difference between the pair members. In SIGs, we observe a prevalent increasing trend of f

bar
with galaxy mass, contrasting the observed decrease in f

bar
with increasing galaxy mass in SIPs. This discrepancy is consistent with typical trends of weaker bars, suggesting that tidal effect may attenuate the strength of bar structures within galaxy pairs.
A two-dimensional nanomaterial-based fiber optic sensor for humidity and gas sensing application in-depth review
Authors: Venkatesan Kishore Kumar , Samikannu Sathiyan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The incredible characteristics of nanomaterial and the benefits of optical fiber may be coupled to provide an exciting new platform for sensing applications. In recent years, there has been significant development and documentation of numerous gas and humidity sensors utilizing optical fiber based on 2D nanomaterials. This review primarily examines the most recent implementations in fiber optic gas and humidity sensing through 2D nanomaterials. With the help of nanomaterial, researchers may be able to fine-tune sensor parameters like thickness, roughness, specific area, refractive index, etc. This could make it possible for sensors to respond faster or to be more sensitive than standard sensors. Optical sensors are a family of devices that use different types of light interactions (i.e., photon-atom) to sense, analyze, and measure molecules for various purposes. Optical sensors are capable of detecting light, often within a narrow band of the electromagnetic spectrum (ultraviolet, visible, and infrared). A fiber optic sensor is an optical device that transforms the physical state of the object being measured into a quantifiable optical signal. Based on the photoelectric effect, the sensor detects light’s wavelength, frequency, or polarisation and transforms it into an electric signal. This review describes the state-of-the-art research in this rapidly evolving sector, impacting sensor type, structure, synthesis, deposition process, detection range, sensitivity, response & recovery time, and application of 2D materials. Lastly, the problems that are currently in the way of using 2D materials in sensor applications are talked about, as well as what the future might hold.
Ab initio prediction of half-metallic and metallic ferromagnetism in ZnO:(Co,Cr) systems
Authors: Jafarova V N , Abdurahmanova U S , Rzayeva S S 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Doping effects on the electronic and magnetic properties of Zn1−x
(Co,Cr)
x
O systems are investigated within Local Spin Density Approximation and Hubbard U methods. Based on Density Functional Theory the spin-polarization band structures, density of states for investigated systems are calculated. Systematic analysis of the electronic properties shows that TM-doped ZnO has generated new energy levels in the vicinity of Fermi energy level. From first-principle calculations we obtained Cr-ZnO and Co-ZnO systems are metallic and half-metallic ferromagnetic materials, respectively. The obtained results for Cr-doped ZnO 128- and 192-atom supercell systems show magnetic properties with higher Curie temperature than room temperature. There are large local moments, ∼2.9 and ∼4.2 for Co and Cr dopants, respectively. Magnetic moments are related with two electron defects in the supercell structure and unpaired electrons of transition metal. The ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases and the total energy are obtained for x = 2.08%, 3.125%, 4.16%, 6.25%, 8.3%, 12.5%, and 25% impurity concentrations for doped ZnO.
Analysis of lead free CsSnBr3 based perovskite solar cells utilizing numerical modeling
Authors: Dar Shazia Akhtar , Sengar Brajendra Singh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this study, we propose several CsSnBr3-based PSC configurations using the Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS-1D), incorporating various efficient Electron transport layers (ETLs) such as TiO2, PCBM, WS2, SnO2, ZnO, IGZO, C60, and Hole transport layers (HTLs) like CBTS, CFTS, CuO, CuI, Spiro-OMeTAD, PEDOT:PSS, P3HT, CuSbS2, CuSCN, and Cu2O. Numerical simulation results reveal that the device structure ITO/WS2/CsSnBr3/Cu2O/Au exhibits outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE), retaining the closest photovoltaic parameter values among 70 different configurations. In this configuration, WS2 served as the ETL, and Cu2O acted as the HTL. This device achieved an outstanding peak PCE of 20.02%. It also boasted a high open circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.23 V, a short circuit current density (Jsc) of 19.32 mA cm−2, and an impressive fill factor (FF) of 84.18%. In comparison, devices utilizing materials like TiO2, PCBM, SnO2, ZnO, IGZO, and C60 yielded PCE values of 19.72, 19.73, 19.72, 19.73, 19.72, and 15.60%, respectively. Furthermore, for the seven best-performing configurations, we investigated the effects of CsSnBr3 absorber thickness, absorber-acceptor doping density (NA), conduction band offset (CBO), ETL doping density (ND), Capacitance–Voltage (C-V), Mott–Schottky (M-S) characteristics, generation and recombination rates, series resistance (Rse), shunt resistance (Rsh), temperature, current–voltage characteristics (J-V), and quantum efficiency (QE) on performance metrics. Our findings indicate that all seven ETLs, when combined with Cu2O HTL, can serve as excellent materials for fabricating high-efficiency CsSnBr3-based PSCs with the ITO/ETL/CsSnBr3/Cu2O/Au structure. To validate our results, we compared the simulation outcomes obtained with SCAPS-1D for the best seven CsSnBr3-PSC configurations with previously published research works. This comprehensive simulation study opens a promising avenue for the cost-effective production of high-performance, lead-free CsSnBr3-based PSCs, contributing to a greener and pollution-free environment.
Mitigation of the Brighter-fatter Effect in the LSST Camera
Authors: Broughton Alex , Utsumi Yousuke , Plazas Malagón Andrés A. , Waters Christopher , Lage Craig , Snyder Adam , Rasmussen Andrew , Marshall Stuart , Chiang Jim , Murgia Simona , Roodman Aaron 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Thick, fully depleted charge-coupled devices are known to exhibit nonlinear behavior at high signal levels due to the dynamic behavior of charges collecting in the potential wells of pixels, called the brighter-fatter effect (BFE). The effect results in distorted images of bright calibration stars, creating a flux-dependent point-spread function that if left unmitigated, could make up a large fraction of the error budget in Stage IV weak-lensing (WL) surveys such as the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). In this paper, we analyze image measurements of flat fields and artificial stars taken at different illumination levels with the LSST Camera (LSSTCam) at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory in order to quantify this effect in the LSSTCam before and after a previously introduced correction technique. We observe that the BFE evolves anisotropically as a function of flux due to higher-order BFEs, which violates the fundamental assumption of this correction method. We then introduce a new method based on a physically motivated model to account for these higher-order terms in the correction, and then we test the modified correction on both data sets. We find that the new method corrects the effect in flat fields better than it corrects the effect in artificial stars, which we suggest is the result of sub-pixel physics not included in this correction model. We use these results to define a new metric for the full-well capacity of our sensors and advise image processing strategies to further limit the impact of the effect on LSST WL science pathways.
Axiomatic quasi-classical quantization of particle motion in the dissipative media
Authors: Sazonov S V 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A self-consistent quasi-classical generalization of the axiomatic quantization of the translational motion of a particle in a dissipative medium is proposed, which is modeled by a drag force

F

d

, which depends in a power-law manner on the velocity

v

:

F

d

∼

v
n

, where

n

is an arbitrary real number. A detailed analysis of the quasi-classical coherent state is carried out. It is shown that under condition

n
<
3

the dissipative medium suppresses the quantum properties of particle motion, performing the function of a classical measuring device. Otherwise, there is no suppression of quantum properties.
A graph neural network approach to the inverse design for thermal transparency with periodic interparticle system
Authors: Liu 刘 Bin 斌 , Wang 王 Yixi 译浠 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Recent years have witnessed significant advances in utilizing machine learning-based techniques for thermal metamaterial-based structures and devices to attain favorable thermal transport behaviors. Among the various thermal transport behaviors, achieving thermal transparency stands out as particularly desirable and intriguing. Our earlier work demonstrated the use of a thermal metamaterial-based periodic interparticle system as the underlying structure for manipulating thermal transport behavior and achieving thermal transparency. In this paper, we introduce an approach based on graph neural network to address the complex inverse design problem of determining the design parameters for a thermal metamaterial-based periodic interparticle system with the desired thermal transport behavior. Our work demonstrates that combining graph neural network modeling and inference is an effective approach for solving inverse design problems associated with attaining desirable thermal transport behaviors using thermal metamaterials.
Disorder-to-order transition induced by spontaneous cooling regulation in robotic active matter
Authors: Hou 侯 Shuaixu 帅旭 , Wang 王 Gao 高 , Ma 马 Xingyu 星宇 , Wang 汪 Chuyun 楚云 , Wang 王 Peng 鹏 , Chen 陈 Huaicheng 怀城 , Liu 刘 Liyu 雳宇 , Wang 王 Jing 璟 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In classical matter systems, typical phase-transition phenomena usually stem from changes in state variables, such as temperature and pressure, induced by external regulations such as heat transfer and volume adjustment. However, in active matter systems, the self-propulsion nature of active particles endows the systems with the ability to induce unique collective-state transitions by spontaneously regulating individual properties to alter the overall states. Based on an innovative robot-swarm experimental system, we demonstrate a field-driven active matter model capable of modulating individual motion behaviors through interaction with a recoverable environmental resource field by the resource perception and consumption. In the simulated model, by gradually reducing the individual resource-conversion coefficient over time, this robotic active matter can spontaneously decrease the overall level of motion, thereby actively achieving a regulation behavior like the cooling-down control. Through simulation calculations, we discover that the spatial structures of this robotic active matter convert from disorder to order during this process, with the resulting ordered structures exhibiting a high self-adaptability on the geometry of the environmental boundaries.
K-core attack, equilibrium K-core, and kinetically constrained spin system
Authors: Zhou 周 Hai-Jun 海军 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Kinetically constrained spin systems are toy models of supercooled liquids and amorphous solids. In this perspective, we revisit the prototypical Fredrickson–Andersen (FA) kinetically constrained model from the viewpoint of K-core combinatorial optimization. Each kinetic cluster of the FA system, containing all the mutually visitable microscopic occupation configurations, is exactly the solution space of a specific instance of the K-core attack problem. The whole set of different jammed occupation patterns of the FA system is the configuration space of an equilibrium K-core problem. Based on recent theoretical results achieved on the K-core attack and equilibrium K-core problems, we discuss the thermodynamic spin glass phase transitions and the maximum occupation density of the fully unfrozen FA kinetic cluster, and the minimum occupation density and extreme vulnerability of the partially frozen (jammed) kinetic clusters. The equivalence between K-core attack and the fully unfrozen FA kinetic cluster also implies a new way of sampling K-core attack solutions.
Comprehensive study of the ultrafast photoexcited carrier dynamics in Sb2Te3–GeTe superlattices
Authors: Ye 叶 Zhijiang 之江 , Jin 金 Zuanming 钻明 , Jiang 蒋 Yexin 叶昕 , Lu 卢 Qi 琦 , Jia 贾 Menghui 梦辉 , Qian 钱 Dong 冬 , Huang 黄 Xiamin 夏敏 , Li 李 Zhou 舟 , Peng 彭 Yan 滟 , Zhu 朱 Yiming 亦鸣 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Chalcogenide superlattices Sb2Te3–GeTe is a candidate for interfacial phase-change memory (iPCM) data storage devices. By employing terahertz emission spectroscopy and the transient reflectance spectroscopy together, we investigate the ultrafast photoexcited carrier dynamics and current transients in Sb2Te3–GeTe superlattices. Sample orientation and excitation polarization dependences of the THz emission confirm that ultrafast thermo-electric, shift and injection currents contribute to the THz generation in Sb2Te3–GeTe superlattices. By decreasing the thickness and increasing the number of GeTe and Sb2Te3 layer, the interlayer coupling can be enhanced, which significantly reduces the contribution from circular photo-galvanic effect (CPGE). A photo-induced bleaching in the transient reflectance spectroscopy probed in the range of ∼ 1100 nm to ∼ 1400 nm further demonstrates a gapped state resulting from the interlayer coupling. These demonstrates play an important role in the development of iPCM-based high-speed optoelectronic devices.
A two-capillary viscometer for temperatures up to 473 K and pressures up to 100 MPa—operation and verification at low pressure
Authors: Khosravi Bahareh , Austegard Anders , Løvseth Sigurd W , Stang H G Jacob , Jakobsen Jana P 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we described the design and construction of a new two-capillary viscometer with several novel technical solutions for viscosity and density measurements. Our design, which is based on the low-pressure principle, featured numerous improvements in hardware and procedure that allowed the greatly extended range of pressure. The new design adopted a (2 × 2) capillary configuration, utilizing different combinations of four capillaries to enable viscosity measurements with a wide range of flow rates, temperatures, and pressures. The design temperature range is 213 K–473 K, and the pressure range is up to 100 MPa. The viscometer was specifically designed for measuring the viscosity of pure CO2 and CO2-rich mixtures, addressing the scarcity of data in conditions relevant to carbon capture, transport, and storage. Our facility is capable of viscosity measurements in different thermodynamic states; gaseous, liquid, supercritical, and critical regions. A commercial densimeter is integrated to measure density under the same temperatures and pressures. We aimed for a total uncertainty target of better than 0.03%. The performance of the viscometer was validated by measurements with pure CO2 at 298.15 K and zero density. We observed a deviation of less than 0.03% between the reference viscosity of CO2 of this work and accurately calculated data using ab initio quantum mechanics with a standard uncertainty of 0.2%. Our primary focus in this paper was to provide a detailed description of the design and construction of the apparatus, emphasizing improvements and introducing new solutions to other research groups in constructing similar instruments suitable for low- and high-pressure viscosity measurements with high accuracy.
Two-capillary viscometer for temperatures and pressures relevant to CO2 capture, transport, and storage—operation and improved analysis at high pressure
Authors: Khosravi Bahareh , Austegard Anders , Løvseth Sigurd W , Stang H G Jacob , Jakobsen Jana P 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
High-pressure viscosity measurements are crucial for understanding CO2 transport and storage because CO2 is often transported as a supercritical fluid, at a high pressure and temperature above its critical point. In this study, we extended the operational range of our new two-capillary viscometer to handle pressures up to 20 MPa, focusing on the behaviour of CO2 at temperatures around 300 K. The analysis model is based on the low-pressure principle, which relied on virial descriptions of density and viscosity, proved inadequate under these conditions. Therefore, we introduced a modified hydrodynamic model as a function of density that is suitable for viscosity measurements at high pressure and liquid states. The modified model bypasses the need for a density virial correction. We conducted initial viscosity tests on pure CO2 at five isotherms: 280.01 K, 298.15 K, 300.01 K, 323.15 K, and 348.15 K to validate the performance of the new two capillary viscometer and the modified model at high pressures. The experimental viscosities agreed with the model predictions and comparable within the estimated uncertainty of the data. In addition, we thoroughly explained the calibrations and the analysis of uncertainty estimation. The uncertainty analysis showed a maximum extended combined uncertainty of 1.3% (k = 2) within all thermodynamic states—gas, liquid, and close to the critical region.