bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does dam construction increase the biotic homogenization of riparian vegetation along a regulated river?
Authors: Li Jiayu , Cao Yu , Pattison Zarah , Fu Wenlong , Sun Junyao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDam construction in natural rivers alters the intensity and frequency of water level fluctuations in reservoirs and their downstream river reaches, leading to the biotic homogenization of riparian communities. Although the intensity of dam‐induced water level fluctuations is often described qualitatively, quantitative analysis of its effects on riparian vegetation remains inadequate. This study compared riparian species dissimilarity between the natural Chishui River (as a control) and the regulated Wujiang River (with cascade reservoirs) to assess the level of biotic homogenization under different regulation types and in zones with different riverbank characteristics using the Bray–Curtis dissimilarity index. The reservoirs along the Wujiang River were classified into four different regulation types according to the water retention time, which were daily (0–7 days), weekly (7–30 days), seasonally (30–90 days), and yearly (>365 days). Results showed significant species dissimilarity in riparian vegetation along the Wujiang River compared to that along the Chishui River in the inundation, transitional, and unflooded zones. Furthermore, the species composition and dissimilarity patterns differed in the reservoirs and downstream rivers of the cascade dams in terms of regulation type and zone. For different regulation types, there was high species dissimilarity in both the upstream and downstream inundation zone of the daily reservoirs, while species dissimilarity was lower in both upstream and downstream of the yearly reservoir (Bray–Curtis index <0.5). This study provides a quantitative measure of how dam construction perturbs riparian vegetation communities, emphasizing the importance of the balance between the riparian ecosystem conservation and the economic demands of dam construction.
Inequity in unmet health care needs of women and children in India: A barrier to sustainable development goals in health
Authors: Kumar Raj , Chowdhury Indrani Roy 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDespite progress in maternal and child health, significant gap and high inequity persist in unmet health needs, creating a barrier to universal health coverage. Previous studies have analysed inequity of health outcomes and healthcare availability, but limited research is available on delayed or not‐seeking treatment. Research conducted on unmet treatment lacks emphasis on vulnerable groups; women and children. The objective is to fill this research gap by estimating the contribution of socio‐economic factors to inequality in the unmet health needs of women and children. This study uses the concentration index, concentration curve and horizontal inequity index to estimate inequality. A decomposition analysis is conducted to estimate the contribution of each socio‐economic factor to inequality. The need‐adjusted index shows the inequity due to non‐need factors. The unmet health needs are significantly higher among socioeconomically disadvantaged groups. In addition to wealth, factors such as caste (4.43% and 7.23%), education (7.27% and 13.05%), media exposure (3.88% and 6.39%) and distance problem (5.35% and 14.61%) contribute to the inequity for both women and children. A negative horizontal inequity index confirms that non‐need factors are major contributors to inequity. Findings add new theoretical insights on healthcare accessibility and inform policymakers on factors creating disadvantages in treatment‐seeking. Action plans for universal health coverage need to incorporate social and institutional factors in policy and budgetary allocations. Further, health‐card system, health‐record‐keeping practices and community‐health officer/clinic can improve treatment seeking.
External representations in strategic decision‐making: Understanding strategy's reliance on visuals
Authors: Csaszar Felipe A. , Hinrichs Nicole , Heshmati Mana 
Published: May 2024

AbstractResearch SummaryExternal representations, particularly visuals, are important in strategic decision‐making. However, their pervasiveness and impact are not well understood in the strategy literature. Based on cognitive science research, we identify four cognitive functions crucial to strategic decision‐making that benefit from using external representations. We also propose a conceptual model and propositions that explain how the quality of strategic decision‐making depends on the interactions among task environment, external representations, and managers. We show that external representations influence in predictable ways the boundedly rational process of searching for new strategies. Key determinants include the manager's representational capability and the usability and malleability of the external representation. We discuss implications for users, designers, and teachers of external representations in strategy, as well as suggest avenues for future research.Managerial SummaryThis research points to the pivotal role of external representations, especially visuals, in strategic decision‐making. Drawing from cognitive science, this study identifies four critical cognitive functions that benefit from these external representations—working memory, long‐term memory, pattern recognition, and knowledge transfer. Further, the study highlights that external representations significantly influence the process of strategic decision‐making in predictable ways. Finally, we show that not all external representations are alike in their ease of use and a managers' ability to operate on an external representation, referred to as representational capability, greatly affects the decision‐making quality. The implications extend to users, designers, and educators of external representations, urging attention to the design and use of external representations for improved decision outcomes.
High‐efficiency Lithium Metal Stabilization and Polysulfide Suppression in Li‐S Battery Enabled by Weakly Solvating Solvent
Authors: Pham Thuy Duong , Bin Faheem Abdullah , Kim Junam , Ma Seung‐Hyeok , Kwak Kyungwon , Lee Kyung‐Koo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLithium‐sulfur batteries (LSBs) are considered a highly promising next‐generation energy storage technology due to their exceptional energy density and cost‐effectiveness. However, the practical use of current LSBs is hindered primarily by issues related to the “shuttle effect” of lithium polysulfide (LiPS) intermediates and the growth of lithium dendrites. In strongly solvating electrolytes, the solvent‐derived solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) lacks mechanical strength due to organic components, leading to ineffective lithium dendrite suppression and severe LiPS dissolution and shuttling. In contrast, the weakly solvating electrolyte (WSE) can create an anion‐derived SEI layer which can enhance compatibility with lithium metal anode, and restricting LiPS solubility. Herein, a WSE consisting of 0.4 м LiTFSI in the mixture of 1,4‐dioxane (DX):dimethoxymethane (DMM) is designed to overcome the issues associated with LSB. Surface analyses confirmed the formation of a beneficial SEI layer rich in LiF, enabling homogeneous lithium deposition with an average Coulombic efficiency CE exceeding 99% over 100 cycles. Implementing the low‐concentration WSE in Li||SPAN cells yielded an impressive initial specific capacity of 671 mAh g−1. This research highlights the advantages of WSE and offers the pathway for cost‐effective electrolyte development, enabling the realization of high‐performance LSBs.
Multifunctional Applications Enabled by Fluorination of Hexagonal Boron Nitride
Authors: Salpekar Devashish , Serles Peter , Colas Guillaume , Ma Li , Yadav Shwetank , Hamidinejad Mahdi , Khabashesku Valery N , Gao Guanhui , Swaminathan Venkataraman , Vajtai Robert , Singh Chandra Veer , Park Chul , Filleter Tobin , Meiyazhagan AshokKumar , Ajayan Pulickel M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract2D materials exhibit exceptional properties as compared to their macroscopic counterparts, with promising applications in nearly every area of science and technology. To unlock further functionality, the chemical functionalization of 2D structures is a powerful technique that enables tunability and new properties within these materials. Here, the successful effort to chemically functionalize hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), a chemically inert 2D ceramic with weak interlayer forces, using a gas‐phase fluorination process is exploited. The fluorine functionalization guides interlayer expansion and increased polar surface charges on the hBN sheets resulting in a number of vastly improved applications. Specifically, the F‐hBN exhibits enhanced dispersibility and thermal conductivity at higher temperatures by more than 75% offering exceptional performance as a thermofluid additive. Dispersion of low volumes of F‐hBN in lubricating oils also offers marked improvements in lubrication and wear resistance for steel tribological contacts decreasing friction by 31% and wear by 71%. Additionally, incorporating numerous negatively charged fluorine atoms on hBN induces a permanent dipole moment, demonstrating its applicability in microelectronic device applications. The findings suggest that anchoring chemical functionalities to hBN moieties improves a variety of properties for h‐BN, making it suitable for numerous other applications such as fillers or reinforcement agents and developing high‐performance composite structures.
Developing organs‐on‐chips for biomedical applications
Authors: Sun Lingyu , Chen Hanxu , Xu Dongyu , Liu Rui , Zhao Yuanjin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn recent years, organs‐on‐chips have been arousing great interest for their bionic and stable construction of crucial human organs in vitro. Compared with traditional animal models and two‐dimensional cell models, organs‐on‐chips could not only overcome the limitations of species difference and poor predict ability but also be capable of reappearing the complex cell‐cell interaction, tissue interface, biofluid and other physiological conditions of humans. Therefore, organs‐on‐chips have been regarded as promising and powerful tools in diverse fields such as biology, chemistry, medicine and so on. In this perspective, we present a review of organs‐on‐chips for biomedical applications. After introducing the key elements and manufacturing craft of organs‐on‐chips, we intend to review their cut‐edging applications in biomedical fields, incorporating biological analysis, drug development, robotics and so on. Finally, the emphasis is focused on the perspectives of organs‐on‐chips.
Kafka‐Shield: Kafka Streams‐based distributed detection scheme for IoT traffic‐based DDoS attacks
Authors: Shukla Praveen , Krishna C. Rama , Patil Nilesh Vishwasrao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWith the rapid proliferation of insecure Internet of Things (IoT) devices, the security of Internet‐based applications and networks has become a prominent concern. One of the most significant security threats encountered in IoT environments is a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack. This attack can severely disrupt critical services and prevent smart devices from functioning normally, leading to severe consequences for businesses and individuals. It aims to overwhelm victims' resources, websites, and other services by flooding them with massive attack packets, making them inaccessible to legitimate users. Researchers have developed multiple detection schemes to detect DDoS attacks. As technology advances and other facilitating factors have increased, it is a challenge to identify such powerful attacks in real‐time. In this paper, we propose a novel distributed detection scheme for IoT network traffic‐based DDoS attacks by deploying it in a Kafka Streams processing framework named Kafka‐Shield. The Kafka‐Shield comprises two stages: design and deployment. Firstly, the detection scheme is designed on the Hadoop cluster employing a highly scalable H2O.ai machine learning platform. Secondly, a portable, scalable, and distributed detection scheme is deployed on the Kafka Streams processing framework. To analyze the incoming traffic data and categorize it into nine target classes in real time. Additionally, Kafka‐Shield stores each network flow with significant input features and the predicted outcome in the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS). It enables the development of new models or updating current ones. To validate the effectiveness of the Kafka‐Shield, we performed critical analysis using various configured attack scenarios. The experimental results affirm Kafka‐Shield's remarkable efficiency in detecting DDoS attacks. It has a detection rate of over 99% and can process 0.928 million traces in nearly 3.027 s.
The application of UDL and SoTL to health care education
Authors: Ciolfi Michael , Howard Loretta 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this chapter, we use the scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) to explore the application of universal design for learning (UDL) (CAST 2018) to health care education. We begin by setting a historical context of health care education. Next, we provide an overview of UDL, a review of the literature of UDL in health care education, and then discuss one institution's exploration of applying UDL in health science and other program teaching practices, arguing that UDL's main concepts can be effectively applied to health care education to create inclusive and effective learning experiences.
Building on the critical skills framework of top crime scene examiners to recruit high‐caliber crime scene investigation candidates
Authors: Kelty Sally F. , Joshua Phoebe R. , Robertson James 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCrime scene investigation is challenging and demands highly skilled crime scene examiners. Mistakes occurring during the processing of a crime scene have been associated with higher risk of ineffective investigations where poor quality, missed, or contaminated forensic samples are relied on by police to inform which suspects to charge and can lead to miscarriages of justice and wrongful imprisonments. Hiring new crime scene examiners with the potential to develop into top performers can result in enhanced crime scene investigation and reduce the risk of errors at crime scenes. A series of papers between 2012 and 2023 identified a cluster of seven critical skills and attributes that set top crime scene examiners apart from their lesser performing peers. These seven skills and attributes clusters are as follows: approach to work, life, and stress management; cognitive abilities; communication and interpersonal skills; holistic knowledge base; life and work experience; and professional demeanor. In this perspective paper, we present strategies for developing a recruitment program to target these skill sets which involve the use of appropriate psychometric testing, collaborative team‐based recruitment, team hiring panels, and crime scene observational assessment tasks at interview stage. We also discuss the costs and logistics associated with psychological testing (in Australian dollars). We finish by exploring the potential challenges of attracting younger people (generation Z and Y) to forensic science roles, including crime scene investigation.This article is categorized under:
Crime Scene Investigation > Crime Scene Examination
Crime Scene Investigation > Crime Scene Reconstruction
Crime Scene Investigation > Education and Formation
Einordnung und Hintergrund
Authors: Boden Alexander , Stevens Gunnar , Berkholz Jenny , Schreiber Dirk 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungDigitale Produkte und Dienstleistungen sind integraler Bestandteil des Alltags. Mobile Geräte sind in jedem Bereich präsent, vom Finanzmanagement bis zur Gesundheitsversorgung. Die Art des Konsums hat sich mit der Digitalisierung des Alltags der Verbraucher:innen grundlegend gewandelt, was neben Fragen nach Geschäftsmodellen auch solche nach Verbraucherschutz und Nachhaltigkeit aufwirft. Die Verbraucherinformatik untersucht diese Entwicklungen und ihre Auswirkungen auf Gesellschaft und Individuen. Dieses Kapitel gibt eine Einführung in die Disziplin und skizziert die Entwicklung des digitalen Konsums sowie die damit verbundenen Veränderungen für die Verbraucher:innen von der Verbreitung der ersten Heimcomputer bis heute. Zudem stellt es zentrale Grundbegriffe vor und gibt einen Überblick über das didaktische Konzept sowie die Inhalte der weiteren Kapitel des Lehrbuchs.
Vietnamese Higher Education, Student Identity, and Human Capital Futures: Who Do We Believe or Imagine University Students to Be?
Authors: Felix Jonathan J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractStudents make up the most sizeable number of persons at any educational institution. In this chapter, I maintain the ‘idea’ of who or what a student might be, in the case of Vietnamese higher education, is crucial to sustainable human capital development. My aim in this chapter is not to explicitly state what the social identities of Vietnamese higher education students are at present or what they should be. In contrast, the purpose of this chapter is to make a case for the importance of human capital through higher education by considering the ways in which students are conceptualised.
Institutional Transformation for Internationalization: The Making of National Language Program in Higher Education in Contemporary Vietnam
Authors: Ngo Hang Thi-Diem , Tran Trong-Nghia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis chapter looks at the institutional transformation of higher education institutions (HEIs) through the case study of the program training Vietnamese language for international students in contemporary Vietnam. The investigation focuses on a HEI in the South of Vietnam, the birth and development of its Vietnamese Studies program, in which the role of Vietnamese language education has been key to the department’s success. The study is set in the context of post- Doi Moi opening, with the surge of market-based economic, social mobility and globalization, evident in the increase of international student mobility to Vietnam. The chapter unpacks the practices of HEI who put effort in changing for good, including curriculum development, textbook writing, research collaboration, leadership innovation, and so on. Framing and linking these practices with the larger economic and social movements, the chapter highlights the creative and active agency of Vietnamese HEIs and their teachers in embracing the change and accommodating the demand of language education from those who come to Vietnam for work, travel, or education. Yet, it also points out the challenges of change and the stress on implementing changes. The chapter reveals how institutions can position themselves for opportunities and success through institutional transformation. It argues that HEIs in Vietnam can be proactive agents in conducting transformation for internationalization with the use of its national language programs. Despite the dual nature of these practices, it opens up the opportunities for a much more globally connected education system, where an emerging country like Vietnam can amplify its voice.
Teaching Vietnamese as an Additional Language: A Case Study from Explicit Pragmatic Instruction to Intercultural Approach
Authors: Tran Thi Minh , Pham Thi Ha , Ngo Hang Thi Diem 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis chapter presents a case study on teaching Vietnamese as a foreign language, aiming to enhance students' deep understanding of both their native language and the target language while addressing individual language preferences and complexities. It focuses on teaching Vietnamese compliments and responses to Korean students in a higher education setting in Vietnam, employing an explicit pragmatic and intercultural approach. Bridging the gap between cultural norms and learners' language, this study emphasizes the importance of cultural understanding for effective communication and interpersonal relations. The lesson plan, informed by pragmatic investigation, fosters intercultural competence, encourages self-expression, and boosts learners' confidence in social interactions. Overall, it offers a practical pedagogical framework for empowering learners in the classroom.
Family Language Policy Among Vietnamese Sojourner Families in Australia the “What”, the “How” and the “Why”
Authors: Dam Ha Thuy 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUsing semi-structured interviews, the current study investigates how twelve Vietnamesesojournerparents perceived and performed family language policy and practices with their primary school children during their temporary residence in Australia. Results reveal that translanguaging was commonplace in family settings. It was a challenge for parents to systematically practise any particular language use rules to assist their children’s maintenance of their mother tongue. Anxiety about future reintegration into formal schooling back in Vietnam and reluctance to send the children to Vietnamese community language classes were also major themes. This reflects how family language policy and practices were shaped by parents’ language and cultural ideologyand imaginedcommunities. The chapter raises issues and provides several suggestions that stakeholders may need to consider about community language education to accommodate sojourners’ language needs, too.
Vietnamese Heritage Language: From Silence to Voice
Authors: Tran Thi Minh 
Published: May 2024

AbstractImmigration and emigration shape unique language contact environments and multilingual settings, intertwined with language ideologies, attitudes, practices, and the emergence of new contact languages. Heritage languages, spoken by immigrant children or individuals who migrated at a young age, have garnered attention, particularly in the United States and Canada since the 1960s and 1970s, and later in Europe and elsewhere. However, despite approximately 4 million individuals with Vietnamese immigration backgrounds worldwide, research on the Vietnamese language has only spanned since the 2000s. This review assesses the current state of Vietnamese heritage language studies, identifying topics explored, their development, existing gaps, and potential research directions. It synthesizes diverse findings, highlighting recent focus areas on heritage language loss, maintenance, ideology, education, proficiency assessment, and linguistic characteristics. The review identifies limitations in existing literature and offers recommendations for addressing them.
Short-flow-time expansion of quark bilinears through next-to-next-to-leading order QCD
Authors: Borgulat Janosch , Harlander Robert V. , Kohnen Jonas T. , Lange Fabian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The gradient-flow formalism proves to be a useful tool in lattice calculations of quantum chromodynamics. For example, it can be used as a scheme to renormalize composite operators by inverting the short-flow-time expansion of the corresponding flowed operators. In this paper, we consider the short-flow-time expansion of five quark bilinear operators, the scalar, pseudoscalar, vector, axialvector, and tensor currents, and compute the matching coefficients through next-to-next-to-leading order QCD. Among other applications, our results constitute one ingredient for calculating bag parameters of mesons within the gradient-flow formalism on the lattice.