bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome and complications after dual mobility total hip replacement
Authors: Autefage A. , Dembour T. , Chancrin J.-L. , Guillaumot P. 
Published: July 2012

SummaryObjectives: To report the clinical and radiographic outcome of a canine total hip prosthesis with a dual mobility acetabular component, with a minimum of six months follow-up.Methods: The outcome of dogs that underwent primary cemented unilateral dual mobility hip prosthesis surgery by one of the authors for hip dysplasia or trauma, and which had a minimum of six months clinical and radiologic follow-up, was evaluated.Results: Fifty dogs were included in the study. Follow-up ranged from six to 38 months (mean 14.4 months). Perioperative complications were acetabular collapse (n = 1) and greater trochanter fracture (n = 1), both of which were successfully managed perioperatively. Postoperative complications were aseptic loosening of the acetabular component (n = 2; both surgically revised), implant sepsis (n = 3; all explanted), acetabular fracture (n = 1; conservatively managed), greater trochanter fracture (n = 1; conservatively managed) and sciatic neurapraxia (n = 1). No cases of postoperative luxation or femoral implant aseptic loosening were encountered. Outcome was poor for three cases (3 implant sepsis), fair for three cases (including 1 acetabular component loosening and 1 acetabular fracture), and good or excellent for 44 cases (88%).Clinical significance: There were not any cases of postoperative coxofemoral luxation observed in this series of 50 dogs with dual mobility hip prosthesis. Studies with more patients and longer follow-up are needed to confirm the satisfactory results observed to date with this implant.
Reducing susceptibility artefacts in magnetic resonance images of the canine stifle following surgery for cranial cruciate ligament deficiency
Authors: Grierson J. , Lamb C. R. , David F. H. 
Published: July 2012

SummaryBackground: Magnetic resonance (MR) images of the postoperative canine stifle are adversely affected by susceptibility artefacts associated with metallic implants.Objectives: To determine empirically to what extent susceptibility artefacts could be reduced by modifications to MR technique.Methods: Three cadaveric limbs with a tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO), tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA), or extra-capsular stabilization (ECS) implant, respectively, were imaged at 1.5T. Series of proton density and T2-weighted images were acquired with different combinations of frequency-encoding gradient (FEG) direction and polarity, stifle flexion or extension, echo spacing (ES), and readout bandwidth (ROBW), and ranked. The highest rank (a rank of 1) corresponded to the smallest artefact.Results: Image ranking was affected by FEG polarity (p = 0.005), stifle flexion (p = 0.01), and ROBW (p = 0.0001). For TPLO and TTA implants, the highest ranked images were obtained with the stifle flexed, lateromedial FEG, and medial polarity for dorsal images, and craniocaudal FEG and caudal polarity for sagittal images. For the ECS implant, the highest ranked images were obtained with the stifle extended, a proximodistal FEG and proximal polarity for dorsal images, and craniocaudal FEG and cranial polarity for sagittal images.Clinical significance: Susceptibility artefacts in MR images of postoperative canine stifles do not preclude clinical evaluation of joints with ECS or TTA implants.Part of this study was presented at the Annual Meeting of the American College of Veterinary Radiology, Albuquerque, NM, October 2011.
INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF STEARIC ACID ON RUBBER–BRASS ADHESION
Authors: Ziegler Elisabeth , Macher Johannes , Gruber Dieter , Pölt Peter , Kern Wolfgang , Lummerstorfer Thomas , Feldgitscher Claudia , Holzner Armin , Trimmel Gregor 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
The influence of stearic acid loading on the adhesion of rubber to brass-plated steel wires was investigated. The so-called squalene method was employed to investigate the adhesion interface built up during the vulcanization reaction. Variation of the stearic acid loading has a direct influence on the bonding interface and at the same time also has a strong influence on the rubber properties. The surface of the sulfidated wires was analyzed using optical, focus variation, and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Increasing amounts of stearic acid accelerated the sulfidation reaction. Furthermore the focus variation microscopy data were used to calculate roughness parameters of the sulfidated wires. Rubber properties and adhesion values were measured for natural rubber compounds with variable amounts of stearic acid. In most cases the adhesive strength exceeded the cohesive strength of the rubber.
HIV and tuberculosis – science and implementation to turn the tide and reduce deaths
Authors: Harries Anthony D , Lawn Stephen D , Getahun Haileyesus , Zachariah Rony , Havlir Diane V 
Published: July 2012

IntroductionEvery year, HIV‐associated tuberculosis (TB) deprives 350,000 mainly young people of productive and healthy lives. People die because TB is not diagnosed and treated in those with known HIV infection and HIV infection is not diagnosed in those with TB. Even in those in whom both HIV and TB are diagnosed and treated, this often happens far too late. These deficiencies can be addressed through the application of new scientific evidence and diagnostic tools.DiscussionA strategy of starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) early in the course of HIV infection has the potential to considerably reduce both individual and community burden of TB and needs urgent evaluation for efficacy, feasibility and broader social and economic impact. Isoniazid preventive therapy can reduce the risk of TB and, if given strategically in addition to ART, provides synergistic benefit. Intensified TB screening as part of the “Three I's” strategy should be conducted at every clinic, home or community‐based attendance using a symptoms‐based algorithm, and new diagnostic tools should increasingly be used to confirm or refute TB diagnoses. Until such time when more sensitive and specific TB diagnostic assays are widely available, bolder approaches such as empirical anti‐TB treatment need to be considered and evaluated. Patients with suspected or diagnosed TB must be screened for HIV and given cotrimoxazole preventive therapy and ART if HIV‐positive. Three large randomized trials provide conclusive evidence that ART initiated within two to four weeks of start of anti‐TB treatment saves lives, particularly in those with severe immunosuppression. The key to ensuring that these collaborative activities are delivered is the co‐location and integration of TB and HIV services within the health system and the community.ConclusionsProgress towards reducing HIV‐associated TB deaths can be achieved through attention to simple and deliverable actions on the ground.John Donne, Meditation XVII, Devotions upon Emergent Occasions:… any mans death diminishes me because I am involved in Mankinde; And therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls; it tolls for thee ….
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) deficiency presenting as a rash
Authors: Crushell Ellen , O'Leary Daire , Irvine Alan D , O'Shea Anne , Mayne Philip D , Reardon William 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe report on the case of a 2‐year‐old girl recently diagnosed with Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) deficiency who originally presented in the neonatal period with a distinctive rash. At 11 weeks of age she developed seizures, she had acquired microcephaly and developmental delay. The rash deteriorated dramatically following commencement of phenobarbitone; both rash and seizures abated following empiric introduction of pyridoxine and folinic acid as treatment of possible vitamin responsive seizures. We postulate that phenobarbitone in combination with MTHFR deficiency may have caused her rash to deteriorate and subsequent folinic acid was helpful in treating the rash and preventing further acute neurological decline as commonly associated with this condition. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Subtelomeric deletion of chromosome 10p15.3: Clinical findings and molecular cytogenetic characterization
Authors: DeScipio Cheryl , Conlin Laura , Rosenfeld Jill , Tepperberg James , Pasion Romela , Patel Ankita , McDonald Marie T. , Aradhya Swaroop , Ho Darlene , Goldstein Jennifer , McGuire Marianne , Mulchandani Surabhi , Medne Livija , Rupps Rosemarie , Serrano Alvaro H. , Thorland Erik C. , Tsai Anne C.‐H. , Hilhorst‐Hofstee Yvonne , Ruivenkamp Claudia A.L. , Van Esch Hilde , Addor Marie‐Claude , Martinet Danielle , Mason Thornton B.A. , Clark Dinah , Spinner Nancy B. , Krantz Ian D. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe describe 19 unrelated individuals with submicroscopic deletions involving 10p15.3 characterized by chromosomal microarray (CMA). Interestingly, to our knowledge, only two individuals with isolated, submicroscopic 10p15.3 deletion have been reported to date; however, only limited clinical information is available for these probands and the deleted region has not been molecularly mapped. Comprehensive clinical history was obtained for 12 of the 19 individuals described in this study. Common features among these 12 individuals include: cognitive/behavioral/developmental differences (11/11), speech delay/language disorder (10/10), motor delay (10/10), craniofacial dysmorphism (9/12), hypotonia (7/11), brain anomalies (4/6) and seizures (3/7). Parental studies were performed for nine of the 19 individuals; the 10p15.3 deletion was de novo in seven of the probands, not maternally inherited in one proband and inherited from an apparently affected mother in one proband. Molecular mapping of the 19 individuals reported in this study has identified two genes, ZMYND11 (OMIM 608668) and DIP2C (OMIM 611380; UCSC Genome Browser), mapping within 10p15.3 which are most commonly deleted. Although no single gene has been identified which is deleted in all 19 individuals studied, the deleted region in all but one individual includes ZMYND11 and the deleted region in all but one other individual includes DIP2C. There is not a clearly identifiable phenotypic difference between these two individuals and the size of the deleted region does not generally predict clinical features. Little is currently known about these genes complicating a direct genotype/phenotype correlation at this time. These data however, suggest that ZMYND11 and/or DIP2C haploinsufficiency contributes to the clinical features associated with 10p15 deletions in probands described in this study. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of Anodic Polarization Upon Electrochemically Grown Oxide Films on p‐Si, Studied by Ellipsometric and Capacitance Measurements
Authors: Mercier J. J. , Fransen F. , Cardon F. , Madou M. J. , Gomes W. P. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractElectrochemically grown p‐Si/SiO2 structures were anodically biased in a glycol‐water‐KNO3 electrolyte at voltages below the growth voltage and studied as a function of time by means of ellipsometric and capacitance measurements. In all cases, including zero bias, further growth of the oxide film was observed by ellipsometry. The growth mechanism appeared to be different for low and for high biasing voltages. From the comparison between ellipsometric and capacitance results, additional evidence was collected for the hypothesis that water or a species originating from water diffuses into the oxide film, modifying its dielectric properties and possibly leading to erroneous determinations of the layer thickness by capacitance measurements.
Mechanism of Electrochemical Dye Sensitization: Effects of Semiconductor Doping Level and Reducing Agent on the Photocurrent Quantum Yield
Authors: Nakao Masashi , Itoh Kiminori , Watanabe Tadashi 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe electrochemical spectral Sensitization of SnO2 and ZnO electrodes with rhodamine B and rose bengal has been studied in acetonitrile. The photocurrent quantum yield was shown to depend remarkably on the doping level of the semiconductor electrodes. The quantum yield approached unity under the most preferable conditions. The effect of hydroquinone on the Sensitization process (supersensitization) also depended on the semiconductor doping level. These results, together with the fluorescence quenching behaviors of the dyes adsorbed on the semiconductors, are taken into account to elucidate the mechanism of electrochemical spectral sensitization and supersensitization.
Laser Isotope Separation by Combining Isotopically Selective Condensation with Infrared Vibrational Predissociation
Authors: Philippoz J.‐M. , Calpini B. , Monot R. , van Den Bergh H. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe feasibility of a new, two‐laser, isotope separation scheme is tested. The first laser induces isotopically selective condensation in the collisional region of a free jet of SF6 diluted in Ar. Thus a molecular beam containing non‐clustered 32SF6 and clustered 34SF6〈m〉Ar〈n〉 is produced. The second laser, which acts in a second chamber in the collision free part of the molecular beam, then separates the SF6 isotopomers in space by infrared vibrational predissociation of the clusters, which is followed by the recoil of the fragments containing 34SF6 away from the beam centroid. The magnitude of the fragment recoil is measured, as well as the effect of SF6 dilution on the vibrational predissociation spectrum in the 9–11 μm region.
Fully Resonant Sum and Difference Frequency Mixing Spectroscopy
Authors: Dick Bernhard , Hochstrasser R. M. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractHigh resolution spectra obtained via sum and difference frequency generation are presented for the mixed crystal system azulene in naphthalene. The fully resonant susceptibility χ(2) has line narrowing capabilities and predicts dephasing induced resonances related to the PIER‐4 and DICE resonances known from χ(3) Spectroscopy.
Intercalation of Graphite by Aluminum Chloride. Influence of Graphite Properties on Intercalation Rate
Authors: Baiker Alfons , Habegger Erich , Schlögl Robert 
Published: July 2012

AbstractKinetics of the intercalation of several well characterized graphites by aluminum chloride in the presence of chlorine were investigated in the 500 to 660 K temperature range. Temperature was the decisive parameter determining the stage of the intercalation compound. The intercalation rate depended on temperature, on graphite properties, and on partial pressures of aluminum chloride and chlorine. Crystalline perfection and amount of prismatic edges were found to be important graphite properties determining the intercalation rate. With all graphite types, the intercalation rate was linear with time in the early part of the intercalation, i.e. to about 50% of the saturation uptake. Intraparticle aluminium concentration profiles measured by electron microprobe exhibited no significant gradient of the intercalate in the intercalated region, indicating that the intercalation process was not limited by diffusion of the intercalate into the interspaces of the graphites.
Time Operator, D‐Fluctuations, and Microscopic Irreversibility in Spectroscopic Processes
Authors: Chatzidimitriou‐Dreismann C. A. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractPrigogine has emphasized that there is a “degeneracy” in quantum theory, where the Hamiltonian plays a dual role as (a) the generator of time evolution and (b) the energy observable. This prevents the exact treatment of irreversible phenomena on the microscopic quantum mechanical level. The removal of the aforementioned degeneracy can be achieved with the aid of a star‐unitary similarity transformation depending explicitly on the star‐Hermitian operator of the “intrinsic time”. Its physical significance is shown in the context of luminescence spectroscopy, where a novel kind of (dynamically induced or D‐) fluctuations around steady photoemission states is predicted. A photon counting/spectroscopic experiment has been performed which permits to detect D‐fluctuations and, at the same time, allows us to resolve broad spectroscopic bands by detection of the underlying finer “pure” vibronic transitions. The experimental findings clearly show the physical significance of Prigogine's Microscopic Theory.
Comparative Dynamics of Constrained Mass Action Kinetics
Authors: Siré Ernst‐Olof 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBy using the concept of μ‐molar mass action kinetics (MAK), which have the advantage to guarantee the boundedness of the reaction space, Willamowski (1978) tried to prove that every mixed molar MAK is topologically equivalent to its associated μ‐molar MAK. We show that this statement holds only for very restricted cases, whereas for more general cases counterexamples have been constructed. We give also a brief account of forthcoming publications, to demonstrate topological equivalences of certain μ‐molar MAK with general MAK and replicator equations of polynomial type.
Slowing Down Ligand Mobility by the Coordination of Macrocycles — a NMR and Conductivity Study on M(II)([15]crown‐5) Complexes
Authors: Dickert F. L. , Gumbrecht W. , Hellmann S. W. , Waidhas M. F. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe hydrophobic properties of [15]crown‐5 enable the formation of inner sphere complexes with ClO−4 as a ligand in inert solvents such as CH3NO2. Conductivity and NMR measurements reveal the existence of M(II)([15]crown‐5)(ClO4)2 and [M(II)([15]crown‐5)(ClO4)]+ (M(II) = Co, Mg, Zn, Ca) in solution. The unusually slow methanol exchange rate between [M(II)([15]crown‐5)(CH3OH)2]++ (M(II) = Co, Mg, Zn) and bulk solvent can be explained by the cavity diameter of the macrocyclic ligand applying a donor acceptor model.
Photoelectrochemical Studies of Dye Sensitization at Silver Chloride Single Crystals
Authors: Gerischer Heinz , Bressel Burkhard 
Published: July 2012

AbstractPhotocurrents due to dye sensitization have been measured at silver chloride single crystals used as a thin membrane between two electrolytic contacts. Doping of the crystals with divalent cations raised the quantum yield significantly by eliminating traps for electron capture in the bulk and forming a depletion layer of Ag+‐vacancies at the contact with an Ag+ containing electrolyte which enhances the transfer of the injected electrons into the bulk. Specifically adsorbed Ag+‐ions on the crystal surface shift the energy position of the conduction band edge to more positive redox potentials, enhancing in this way the rate of electron transfer from excited states to the conduction band of AgCl, but acting on the other hand also as traps for electrons and as efficient recombination centers.
Polymerlegierungen
Authors: Schmitt B. J. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe term polymer blends describes mixtures of polymers that differ from each other in their chemical and physical properties. As in the case of metal alloys, no simple combining of the properties of the individual components occurs, but new properties result. For example, a polymer blend that contains phases of different modules, as compared with conventional polymer organic solids, reacts to mechanical stress with completely different dynamics ‐ Characteristic of polymer blends, apart from the chemical structure of the components, are, in particular, the phase structure and the conformation of the chain molecules in the phases. The thermodynamic interaction of individual chain segments and the molecule conformation can be determined by neutron scattering. ‐ The phase structure ‐ the formation of supermolecular structures – is based on separation phenomena in the solution or melt. Hence thermodynamic investigations are intended to shed light on the laws relating to the mixing and separating of high molecular weight polymers. The phase structure of polymer blends is intended to be derived from experimental characteristic data of the individual components. – The existence of upper miscibility gaps – corresponding to lower critical solution temperatures – is common for amorphous high polymer blends. This behavior can be appropriately described by an equation of Patterson and Flory. If the changes in entropy and enthalpy are known for the contact of individual segments, the separation temperature for given molar weights can be calculated in advance from characteristic data of the individual components, e. g. thermal expansion coefficients. – Polymer blends encompass a broad spectrum of chemical and morphological structures and properties. The formation of interfaces as an adhesion‐promoting layer is essential in multiphase polymer blends for technical applications.
Experimental Observations on the Effect of the Rates of Hydride Formation and Decomposition on the Plateau Pressures of Intermetallic Compound Hydrides
Authors: Park Choong‐Nyeon , Flanagan Ted B. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIt is observed that the rates of hydride formation or decomposition affect the subsequent plateau pressures of the intermetallic‐H systems which have been examined here, LaNi5‐H and LaCo5‐H and ZrMn2‐H. When small aliquots of hydrogen are added or removed in the two‐phase coexistence region, the plateau pressures for hydride formation and decomposition are higher and lower, respectively, than when large aliquots are employed. Thus the use of large aliquots of hydrogen reduces hysteresis in these systems. This effect illustrates the metastability of these plateau pressures. It introduces complicating features into some technological applications of metal hydrides, e.g., heat pump applications where constant and predictable plateau pressures are required.
Thermodynamics, Conductivity and Photochemical Effects of Sulphur Ammonia Solutions
Authors: Prestel H. , Schindewolf U. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractExperimental results on the thermodynamics, on the electrical conductivity and on the optical behavior of sulphur ammonia solutions are reported. The thermodynamics obtained by ammonia vapor pressure measurements yield no deeper insight into the nature of the solutions. From the conductivity it follows that ionic species are formed which have the character of a strong electrolyte and which are extremely photosensitive. This photosensitivity also is revealed by reversible changes of the optical spectra (main absorption bands at 295, 450 and 580 nm) on illumination with filtered light which depletes or enhances the absorption bands with slight red or blue shifts. The experiments are proving that in the solutions a series of not yet defined species are present whose equilibrium concentrations are established very slowly.
Catalysis of Hydrazine Oxidation by Sulfonated Phthalocyanines
Authors: Gadooni J. , Onken U. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe oxidation of hydrazine by oxygen was investigated in single liquid phase in the presence of the catalysts cobalttrisulfophthalocyanine (CoTrSP) and coppertetrasulfophthalocyanine (CuTeSP). The employed apparatus was a continuously stirred tank reactor with a liquid volume of 210 ml. The effects of reactant and catalyst concentrations, pH and temperature on the reaction rate were determined. The reaction order of oxygen with CoTrSP and CuTeSP is ‐ 1.0 and ‐0.33 respectively. With respect to hydrazine, the reaction order with CoTrSP is + 0.5 and with CuTeSP + 1.0. At pH 12.4 a maximum value of the reaction rate is observed. The apparent energies of activation are 13.9 kJ/mol for CoTrSP and 12.1 kJ/mol for CuTeSP. A mechanism for the explanation of the inhibition by educt is proposed.