bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting intention to choose halal products using theory of reasoned action
Authors: Lada Suddin , Harvey Tanakinjal Geoffrey , Amin Hanudin 
Published: April 2009

PurposeEmphasis on the importance of halal products is now growing. It is fast becoming a new market force and brand identifier and is now moving into the mainstream market, affecting and changing perception on how business should be conducted, including from a marketing point of view. The purpose of this paper is to test the applicability of the theory of reasoned action (TRA) in predicting the intention to choose halal product among Malaysian consumers.Design/methodology/approachA structured questionnaire was used to elicit responses from consumers using a convenience sampling technique. A total of 485 responses were received. Needless to say, this study extends the applicability of the TRA to study halal product usage among consumers in Malaysia.FindingsThe findings indicated that the TRA is a valid model in the prediction of the intention to choose halal products. Attitude (β=0.288, p<0.001) and subjective norm (β=0.814, p<0.001) were found to be positively related to intention, with subjective norm being the more influential predictor. Subjective norm was also positively related to the attitude (β=0.336, p<0.001) to choose halal products.Research limitations/implicationsThe study contains a limited number of measures in the model. Nevertheless, it provides new information on the emerging issue of halal products.Practical implicationsThe results will be primarily beneficial to restaurants, fast food restaurants and small and medium enterprises in Malaysia by offering an insight into the intentions of consumers to choose halal products.Originality/valueThe paper extends the understanding of TRA to newly emerging contexts such as halal products usage intentions.
Hospitality, tourism and economic growth in India
Authors: Jauhari Vinnie 
Published: April 2009

PurposeThe objective of this paper is to provide a backdrop to the Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes (WHATT) theme issue on developments in hospitality and tourism in India and its contribution to economic growth.Design/methodology/approachThe paper narrates the growth potential of tourism in India and provides a perspective on the conduct of a roundtable discussion about economic growth.FindingsThe paper discusses the potential that tourism holds for India and its economic growth. It also captures the essence of the roundtable which was conducted in 2008 to capture practitioners perspectives.Originality/valueThis paper relates the growth of hospitality and tourism in India to the country's overall economic growth. The paper provides academic and practitioner perspectives on some key issues.
Managing online distribution for tourism growth in India
Authors: Dutta Kirti , Manaktola Kamal 
Published: April 2009

PurposeWith the growing use of the internet, online distribution is emerging a communication and distribution channel. This paper aims to explore the role of the internet as a tool for sustainable tourism in India, especially as deployed by a large segment of three star and four star hotels in India. It discusses the practices currently employed by the mid‐segment hotels for the distribution of their services and seeks to delineate how they can use this as a tool for working towards sustainable growth.Design/methodology/approachThe paper discusses how selected hotels in the National Capital Region (Delhi) are deploying online distribution. Their web sites have been assessed to evaluate how they fare in a generic search on the three major search agents currently being used in India: Yahoo, MSN and Google. The web sites are assessed as to whether they are likely to attract and provide enough information to potential tourists. Discussions with practitioners from the industry have also been incorporated to give more conclusive insights into how they practice the online distribution of their services.FindingsThe paper points at elements which should be incorporated while designing the web sites so as to effectively distribute their inventory and make it easily accessible to tourists looking for accommodation. This will reduce the intermediaries involved and, as this is paperless transaction, result in sustainable low‐cost economic growth.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper provides an insight into what consumers have access to when they search for hotels via different search engines and whether or not this information is sufficient to precipitate a decision when choosing a particular hotel. If this can be managed effectively, customers can go online for all their bookings. This would yield cost savings for the organization and the customer, and in so doing, contribute to sustainable growth.Practical implicationsThese findings are relevant to academics and practitioners as they offer an insight into online distribution channel management and communications with potential customers.Originality/valueRelatively few studies have been conducted in the field of online distribution in the hospitality industry. This paper aims to assist hospitality operators in framing strategies to use the internet as a tool for sustainable tourism.
The franchise partner selection process and implications for India
Authors: Vaishnav Tushar , Altinay Levent 
Published: April 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide insights on the franchise partner recruitment process and decision‐making criteria used to select partners. It aims to investigate the process and parameters considered by franchisees in selecting potential international hotel organizations as partners. The success of such choices influences growth of the firms and consequently affecting industry and economy.Design/methodology/approachIn‐depth semi‐structured interviews with owners, directors, vice presidents and mangers of the franchisee organizations were deployed.FindingsFindings suggest that partner selection is a multidimensional activity involving several key stages. Indian franchisees use profitability, brand name, operations support as decision‐making criteria while selecting their partners.Practical implicationsDifferences occur at various stages of partner selection. A proper understanding of partner selection dynamics and careful consideration of criteria's like culture, organizational values, pricing, experience, etc. would result in a better building of relationship.Originality/valueThe paper highlights the complexity of the process and the decision‐making criteria from a franchisee's perspective. From a practical perspective, it could be of value to future and existing international hotel chains using franchising as a mode of expansion.
Pre‐crisis period planning: lessons for hospitality and tourism
Authors: Malhotra Richa , Venkatesh Umashankar 
Published: April 2009

PurposeThe aim of this exploratory paper is to highlight for hospitality and tourism, the importance of an effective contingency plan – in case the worst happens. The paper critically evaluates and suggests guidelines for preparing a crisis management plan in the pre‐crisis period. This could have a significant impact on the growth of the firm as well as the industry and economy.Design/methodology/approachBased on the review of crisis management literature, key issues have been identified, lack of pre‐crisis planning has been witnessed and subsequently an existing model has been adapted to be used in generic format for preparing a contingency plan.FindingsThe paper analyzes various issues relating to readiness to address crises, different types and stages of crisis, the relative impact of these negative events on the hospitality and tourism industry, gaps found in the crisis management strategies and the lessons learnt from them.Originality/valueThis paper should prove useful to managers considering the development of a crisis management plan so that they are prepared for the unexpected in a strategic manner.
The hospitality and tourism industry in India: conclusions and solutions
Authors: Jauhari Vinnie 
Published: April 2009

PurposeThe paper aims to present answers to the strategic question: what contribution will hospitality and tourism make in securing sustainable economic growth in India? It attempts to integrate the conclusions of the six articles contributed by industry experts to the Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes (WHATT) issue on hospitality and tourism in India.Design/methodology/approachThe approach is to integrate the findings and recommendations from the six articles and to include the issues and suggestions that were made by practitioners and academics at the theme issue roundtable discussion.FindingsWhile discussing the overall challenges to the hospitality and tourism in India, the practitioners suggested measures which if addressed, could stimulate economic growth not only in this industry but also for India's economy as a whole. The most significant factors affecting hospitality and tourism in India are: infrastructure management; government policy; workforce issues and education in hospitality and tourism; strategies for growth; crisis management; the management of destinations in India and the deployment of online techniques for marketing.Originality/valueThis paper provides a consolidated view from industry as well as academia and also makes suggestions that would help to develop the hospitality and tourism industry in India.
Innovation for growth in mature industries: Solvay's influenza business
Authors: Crijns Jeroen , Palache Bram , Vanhaverbeke Wim 
Published: April 2009

PurposeMajor technological innovations are usually associated with central R&D facilities in large companies and leading edge technologies that are key to unlocking business opportunities in promising, embryonic markets. The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze several factors that determine the success of a major process innovation in a mature but changing industry. The paper furthermore shows that the periphery of a company can be as innovative as headquarters and central R&D‐labs.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based upon an in depth case study of the “Business Group Influenza” (BGI) at Solvay, a multinational company in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry based in Brussels. BGI turned a mature business into a growth engine for the company through the development of a cell culture technology. Next, we identified 20 success factors of innovations based on extensive literature research. These factors can be placed in four main categories; strategic factors, market environment factors, development process factors, and organizational factors. In this paper, we apply these key drivers to the renewal of Solvay's influenza vaccine business.FindingsIt is found that a systematic analysis of the case using the 20 key drivers allows us to evaluate the management of this major innovation process. In this way, one can easily spot the drivers that need more attention or require another management approach. We also find that the management of attention of the top‐management is crucial in long‐term innovation projects.Originality/valueThe contribution of this study is twofold. On the one hand, the rejuvenation of Solvay's influenza vaccine business shows that changing markets conditions in combination with a breakthrough process technology can turn a cash cow into a growth business. On the other hand, the systematic analysis of key innovation drivers allows one to identify the strength and weaknesses in the management of a long‐term, breakthrough process innovation.
The impact of FDI on regional technological capabilities: evidence from China
Authors: Chen Yufen , Chen Jin 
Published: April 2009

PurposeWhether foreign direct investment (FDI) can promote technology progress in the host country, or not, has become an issue in recent decades. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of FDI on regional technological capabilities.Design/methodology/approachThis paper first analyzes the spillover effects of FDI with reference to actual conditions in foreign‐funded enterprises in China, then uses correlation analysis and regression analysis to show the impact of FDI on technological capabilities. This paper compares the R&D expenditures in foreign‐funded enterprises and FDI origin countries between three typical regions – Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Guangdong – to show the influencing factors of spillovers.FindingsThe impact of FDI on regional technological capabilities is found to be weak; FDI has little use for enhancing indigenous innovation capability. The regions with higher technological capabilities will attract the higher quality of inward FDI, and the powerful technological capabilities and abundant human capitals in domestic enterprises are essential factors to stimulate the spillover effects of FDI.Research limitations/implicationsThe arguments could be discussed more fully if an empirical model could be established to disclose the determinants of spillover effects. How to measure the spillover effects quantitatively is a key problem for future research.Originality/valueThis paper discloses the mutual relationship between domestic and foreign‐funded enterprises. The findings in this paper provide some insights for both the host countries and the foreign investors.
Gender and entrepreneurial capital: implications for firm performance
Authors: Shaw Eleanor , Marlow Susan , Lam Wing , Carter Sara 
Published: April 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the interplay between gender, entrepreneurial capital and firm performance. Using matched sample data, the paper considers how gender shapes the possession of entrepreneurial capital and discusses the implications of capital variance for business performance.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology was designed to collect data about the entrepreneurial capital of small firm owners and the performance of their firms. A sample of 30 matched pairs of business owners (30 male, 30 female) was created. Data were collected in two stages involving a telephone survey followed by face to face semi‐structured interviews.FindingsThe findings reveal an interplay between economic, human, social and symbolic capital and suggest that our understanding of the possession and impact of entrepreneurial capital on firm performance can be advanced by recognising the convertible nature of entrepreneurial capitals. The paper also draws attention to the impact which human capital, particularly age and experience, can have on the accumulation of entrepreneurial capital.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper identified the value in exploring the convertibility of entrepreneurial capitals and the benefits of investigating all forms of capital.Practical implicationsThe paper identifies gender as a critical influence and suggests that the relationship between gender and engagement in entrepreneurship should be more fully understood and addressed by policies designed to encourage and support business ownership.Originality/valueThe theoretical and methodological framework developed for this study lays the foundation for extending and developing literature on entrepreneurial capital and firm performance research.
Women business owners in the Middle East and North Africa: a five‐country research study
Authors: Weeks Julie R. 
Published: April 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to offer an account of women business owners in the Middle East and North Africa.Design/methodology/approachThis five‐country research study included face‐to‐face interviews with women entrepreneurs in Bahrain, Jordan, Lebanon, Tunisia and the United Arab Emirates.FindingsThe findings revealed that the women surveyed were operating across a range of business sectors and, in some cases, with employment levels ahead of most women‐owned firms in Western Europe and North America. Most of the women surveyed were trading internationally and were growth‐oriented.Practical implicationsThis research offers valuable practical insights for policy makers, women's business organizations and financial institutions.Originality/valueThe paper offers an unprecedented level of new detailed information about women business owners and their enterprises in the region.
Knowledge management and the performing arts industry
Authors: More Elizabeth , Carroll Shane , Foss Kay 
Published: April 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to outline one innovative Australian initiative to harness creative, often intangible, knowledge, and reap the benefits of the intellectual capital of dance artists both during and post performing careers – the project Securing Career Opportunities and Professional Employment (SCOPE) which has been running for the last three years in conjunction with the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS).Design/methodology/approachUnlike much of the work in the field of knowledge management that concentrates on individual organization knowledge management processes and practices, this paper takes an industry‐sector‐wide perspective, utilizing written, and oral data sources.FindingsInternational focus on innovation, entrepreneurship, creativity and knowledge management has led to a growing recognition of the role of the creative industries for our post industrial economic well being. Dance plays a central role as a unique way of knowing and learning, with both intrinsic and instrumental value. Whilst there is diversity among dance artists, one unifying feature is short careers as performers. Having amassed an array of special attributes and competencies that are beneficial, it is crucial for artists to manage the knowledge gained through their training and careers in order to sustain and reap the benefits of their intellectual capital. The creative value of dance artists' capabilities can be a beacon in the link between creativity and economic outcomes. SCOPE is especially innovative as, unlike other programs, it moves beyond the notion of a transition program to emphasizing that of career development and sector knowledge management.Originality/valueThe research case study approach contributes to a fuller understanding of a very under researched area – first, that of management in the performing arts; and second, in knowledge management within an industry sector.
Phylogeny of snout butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Libytheinae): combining evidence from the morphology of extant, fossil, and recently extinct taxa
Authors: Kawahara Akito Y. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractSnout butterflies (Nymphalidae: Libytheinae) are morphologically one of the most unusual groups of Lepidoptera. Relationships among libytheines remain uncertain, especially in the placement of the recently extinct Libythea cinyras and two fossils, L. florissanti, and L. vagabunda. The aim of this study is to present the first phylogenetic hypothesis of Libytheinae utilizing all available morphological data from extant and extinct species. Forty‐three parsimony‐informative characters were coded, and the all‐taxa analysis resulted in six most parsimonious trees (length 92 steps, CI = 0.66, RI = 0.82). The subfamily was resolved as monophyletic and was split into Old World and New World clades. Inclusion of extinct species with considerable missing data had little effect on relationships of extant taxa, although Bremer support values and jackknife frequencies generally decreased if extinct species were included. In order to preserve the monophyly of extant genera, two fossils are assigned to Libytheana for the first time (L. florissanti comb. n. and L. vagabunda comb. n.). This study demonstrates the value of morphological data in phylogenetic analysis, and highlights the contribution that can be made by scoring extinct taxa and including them directly into the analysis.
Vaccination with multiple peptides derived from novel cancer‐testis antigens can induce specific T‐cell responses and clinical responses in advanced esophageal cancer
Authors: Kono Koji , Mizukami Yoshiki , Daigo Yataro , Takano Atsushi , Masuda Ken , Yoshida Koji , Tsunoda Takuya , Kawaguchi Yoshihiko , Nakamura Yusuke , Fujii Hideki 
Published: April 2009

We previously identified three novel HLA‐A24‐restricted epitope peptides, which were derived from three cancer‐testis antigens, TTK protein kinase (TTK), lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus K (LY6K), and insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐II mRNA binding protein 3 (IMP‐3), as targets for cancer vaccination against esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). To examine the safety, immunogenicity, and antitumor effect of vaccine treatment using a combination of these three peptides, 10 HLA‐A2402‐positive advanced ESCC patients who failed to standard therapy were enrolled in a phase I clinical trial. Each of the three peptides (1 mg each) was intradermally administered with 1 mL of incomplete Freund's adjuvant to the neck in three separate regions weekly for 5 weeks. The cancer vaccination therapy was well tolerated without any treatment‐associated adverse events of grade 3 or 4. The TTK‐, LY6K‐, and/or IMP‐3‐specific T‐cell immune responses were observed by enzyme‐linked immunospot assay in peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from nine of the 10 ESCC patients after their vaccination. The median survival time after the vaccination was 6.6 months. The vaccination could induce good clinical responses in 50% of the 10 patients. One patient experienced a complete response in hepatic metastasis lasting 7 months, one showed objective responses in all lung metastasis lesions, and three patients revealed a stable disease condition for at least 2.5 months. The cancer vaccine therapy using these three peptides demonstrated satisfactory safety and good immunogenicity as well as promising disease control rate, and therefore warrants further clinical studies. (Cancer Sci 2009)
Local and systemic production of nitric oxide in tomato responses to powdery mildew infection
Authors: PITERKOVÁ JANA , PETŘIVALSKÝ MAREK , LUHOVÁ LENKA , MIESLEROVÁ BARBORA , SEDLÁŘOVÁ MICHAELA , LEBEDA ALEŠ 
Published: April 2009

SUMMARYVarious genetic and physiological aspects of resistance of Lycopersicon spp. to Oidium neolycopersici have been reported, but limited information is available on the molecular background of the plant–pathogen interaction. This article reports the changes in nitric oxide (NO) production in three Lycopersicon spp. genotypes which show different levels of resistance to tomato powdery mildew. NO production was determined in plant leaf extracts of L. esculentum cv. Amateur (susceptible), L. chmielewskii (moderately resistant) and L. hirsutum f. glabratum (highly resistant) by the oxyhaemoglobin method during 216 h post‐inoculation. A specific, two‐phase increase in NO production was observed in the extracts of infected leaves of moderately and highly resistant genotypes. Moreover, transmission of a systemic response throughout the plant was observed as an increase in NO production within tissues of uninoculated leaves. The results suggest that arginine‐dependent enzyme activity was probably the main source of NO in tomato tissues, which was inhibited by competitive reversible and irreversible inhibitors of animal NO synthase, but not by a plant nitrate reductase inhibitor. In resistant tomato genotypes, increased NO production was localized in infected tissues by confocal laser scanning microscopy using the fluorescent probe 4‐amino‐5‐methylamino‐2′,7′‐difluorofluorescein diacetate. NO production observed in the extracts from pathogen conidia, together with elevated NO production localized in developing pathogen hyphae, demonstrates a complex role of NO in plant–pathogen interactions. Our results are discussed with regard to a possible role of increased NO production in pathogens during pathogenesis, as well as local and systemic plant defence mechanisms.