bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
56.4: New Deep Blue Fluorescent Materials and Their Application to High Performance OLEDs
Authors: Kawamura Yuichiro , Kuma Hitoshi , Funahashi Masakazu , Kawamura Masahiro , Mizuki Yumiko , Saito Hiroyuki , Naraoka Ryo , Nishimura Kazuki , Jinde Yukitoshi , Iwakuma Toshihiro , Hosokawa Chishio 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe developed highly efficient deep blue fluorescent materials. The bottom‐emission OLED showed a CIE1931 coordinate of (0.14, 0.08) and a current efficiency of 6.5 cd/A with using a new efficiency‐enhancement layer. We achieved CIEy of 0.062, a current efficiency of 7.5 cd/A and lifetime (LT95) of 2,000 hrs by depositing a new organic capping layer on a top‐emission blue OLEDs, A hybrid white OLED by stacking a deep blue fluorescence and a phosphorescent red/green stacked yellow was also demonstrated which has an efficacy of 23 lm/W and color temperature of 10,000 K at 10 mA/cm2 and lifetime (LT50) of over 60,000 hrs at a luminance of 1,000 cd/m2.
8.1: Quarter Wave Retardation Film for Improving Viewing Angle Properties in Time‐Sequential Stereoscopic 3D Liquid Crystal Displays
Authors: Ishiguro Makoto , Ohmuro Katsufumi , Saitoh Yukito , Takahashi Yuta , Watanabe Jun , Miyazaki Keiichi , Mihayashi Keiji 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe investigated how to achieve desired optical properties of quarter wave retardation films QWFs that increase the viewing angle of time‐sequential stereoscopic 3D liquid crystal displays LCDs, such as high luminance, low crosstalk, low color change, and low head‐tilt‐angle dependency. These display properties were strongly affected by the out‐of plane retardation Rth of the QWF. We developed QWFs whose in‐plane and out‐of‐plane retardation are independently controllable by adjustment of a polymerized discotic material layer and a triacetate cellulose film, and 3D‐LCDs with high viewing angle properties were realized using these QWFs whose Rth was nearly zero.
57.3: The Effect of Touch Screen Hand Stability Method on Performance & Subjective Preference in Turbulence
Authors: Lancaster Jeff , De Mers Bob , Rogers Bill , Smart Andy , Whitlow Stephen 
Published: July 2011

AbstractEight participants conducted representative flight deck display interaction tasks using a touch screen fitted with four hand stabilization methods in turbulent motion conditions simulated by off‐road driving on a bumpy surface. A variety of objective and subjective data were gathered including workload, time on task, error rate, and electromyography (EMG) captured at the participants' forearms. Results indicated no significant differences in task performance across the hand stabilization methods, while preference ratings and comments significantly favored the “rails” hand stabilization method. EMG data indicated that the “slider” stabilization method reduced the variability in the EMG signal for all subjects. The results suggest that participants required at least some form of hand stabilization to support completion of flight deck tasks when using a touch screen in turbulent conditions.
57.4: Invited Paper: The Breadth—Depth Dichotomy: Opportunities and Crises in Expanding Sensing Capabilities
Authors: Wigdor Daniel 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA simple touch is not simple. What we think of as “touch” actually includes a variety of object‐sensing technologies and an even wider variety of information that can be detected about the sensed objects. This wide range of capabilities forces developers to choose between designing once for a “lowest‐common‐denominator” platform (breadth) or significantly redesigning their software for each hardware capability (depth). This dichotomy threatens the future of touch computing as a platform for innovation.
58.1: Invited Paper: Highly Efficient and Long Life MIM Cathodes for FEDs
Authors: Kusunoki Toshiaki , Suzuki Mutsumi , Sagawa Masakazu , Nishimura Etsuko , Ikeda Mitsuharu , Mikami Yoshiro , Hirano Tatsumi , Tsuji Kazutaka 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe lifetime of MIM cathodes was lengthened to more than 20,000 hours by using a thinner tunneling insulator (6.9 nm), while the emission efficiency was enhanced to more than 3% by mixing CsHCO3 into a Au/Pt/Ir top electrode. The mechanism of long life and high efficiency will be discussed.
59.1: Invited Paper: LTPS Backplane Technologies for AMLCDs and AMOLEDs
Authors: Kim Chi Woo , Jung Jin Goo , Choi Jae Beom , Kim Deok Hui , Yi Chung , Kim Hye Dong , Choi Yun Ho , Im James 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIn this paper, we review various LTPS backplane technologies based on laser‐crystallization and other related methods that have been applied to AMLCD and AMOLED displays. The TFT performances obtained by different melt‐mediated crystallization methods with excimer laser and solid phase crystallization will be compared. The technical issues of the image quality and the resolution will be discussed.
59.2: Development of Ni Sputtering System for Mass Production of Large AMOLED TV Based on SGS Technology
Authors: Han Gi‐Youl , Ko Kwang‐Soo , Kim Mun‐Sik , Lee Won‐Yong , Choi Jueng‐Hwan , Choi Jae‐Moon , Lee Jun‐Yong 
Published: July 2011

Abstract‘Super Grain Silicon’ (SGS) technology, a non‐laser crystallization method, to fabricate LTPS TFT backplane for large AMOLED TV is known to require an extremely small amounts of Ni (1012∼14 atoms/cm2) deposited onto a‐Si thin film. We developed the world's first, prototype generation 6 (Gen 6, 1,500 × 1,850 mm) Ni sputtering system for SGS method. For such sputtering system to be employed for mass production, we should confirm the main performances of the system such as the uniformity of Ni distribution, the controllability, and reproducibility of Ni deposition. In this work, we revealed that the grain size of SGS poly‐Si ranged from about 10 μm to about 130 μm by controlling some of main factors such as the substrate moving speed and the electrical power density of Ni target. The sputtering system also showed an excellent reproducibility of average value of 30 μm with a variation of ±5 μm for 43 substrates. At this time, the crystallization of SGS poly‐Si was over 88%, and the grain size uniformity was less than 10% within Gen 6 substrate area. In addition to the performance of the system, we will discuss its basic concepts and potentials to be used as a system for mass production of AMOLED TV on large substrates such as Gen 8 (2,200 × 2500 mm) to Gen 11 (3,000 × 3,200 mm).
59.3: Bridged‐grain (BG) Eximer Laser Annealing (ELA) Polycrystalline Silicon Thin Film Transistors (TFTs)
Authors: Zhao Shuyun , Meng Zhiguo , Zhou Wei , Wong Man , Kwok Hoi Sing 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA new technique bridged‐grain (BG) was introduced. Using this BG eximer laser annealing (ELA) poly‐Si as an active layer, the grain boundary effects can be reduced. Important electrical properties such as sub‐threshold swing, threshold voltage, maximum field effect mobility, leakage current, on‐off ratio and device uniformity across the substrate can all be improved using the present technique. The improvement can be achieved at low cost, thus making inexpensive, high performance LTPS TFT a reality.
59.4: Rapid Dehydrogenation Technology of a‐Si using Xe Flash‐Lamp Annealing
Authors: Chang Young Jin , Oh Jae Hwan , Jin Seong Hyun , Park Se Hun , Choi Min Hwan , Lee Won Kyu , Choi Jae Beom , Kim Hye Dong , Kim Sang Soo 
Published: July 2011

AbstractFeasibility of the flash lamp annealing (FLA) process is tested for rapid dehydrogenation of a‐Si:H films without any damage on the glass substrate. Pulse duration of the flash lamp is 100 μs and the annealing process was carried out at room temperature. As the pulse energy density increases, hydrogen content in a‐Si films decreases. Thin film transistors based on the FLA dehydrogenation process have mobility of 108 cm2/V‐s and sub‐threshold swing of 0.39 V/dec. 14″ qFHD AMOLED displays have been fabricated using FLA. It is expected that the FLA process can further reduce manufacturing cost of LTPS TFT backplanes for large area AMOLED displays, because the FLA process can be applied not only for the dehydrogenation process but also for the crystallization and dopant activation processes.
60.2: A Polarized Laser Backlight Using a Polymer Free of Orientational and Photoelastic Birefringence
Authors: Kurashima Takahiro , Tagaya Akihiro , Koike Yasuhiro 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe proposed a polarized laser backlight to improve light use efficiency of liquid crystal displays, and evaluated the basic polarization properties of prototype of the backlight. The prototype backlight consisted of a laser, a polarizer, a diffusion sheet and two light guide plates of zero zero‐birefringence polymer, which is free of orientational and photoelastic birefringence. The front output light from the backlight was highly polarized and the backlight maintained high degree of polarization.
73.4L: Late‐News Paper: Miniature, Highly Efficient, and Low Cost Green Laser Source for Pico‐Projectors
Authors: Essaian Stepan , Khaydarov John , Slavov Slav , Gabrielyan Gevorg , Poghosyan Armen , Soghomonyan Suren 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe report on progress in development of the low‐cost highly efficient miniature green laser source for consumer electronics applications such as handheld and pocket projectors. The source is based on the monolithic cavity microchip with highly efficient periodically poled MgO‐doped Lithium Niobate as the frequency doubler. This design allows high power output while maintaining small package size. We demonstrate up to 250mW average power output with >13% overall efficiency from the new package with total volume of 0.23cm3. We also demonstrate modulation speed of 2MHz, which, to our knowledge, is the highest, reported for the green microchip laser.
61.1: Control of Subjective Depth in Stereoscopic Motion Pictures by Quantified Aerial Perspective
Authors: Takahashi Shuichi , Hyodo Yasuhide , Lin An‐Pang , Ohashi Isao , Shimpuku Yoshihide , Matsubara Kazuya , Matsumiya Kazumichi , Shioiri Satoshi 
Published: July 2011

AbstractOur previous study showed that the algorithm using quantified aerial perspective could control subjective depth in stereoscopic still pictures. Being integrated with a motion‐estimation technique, this algorithm can be applied to motion pictures. In this paper, details of the algorithm and results of subjective assessment will be presented and discussed.
62.1: High‐Performance Solution‐Processed OLED Enhanced by Evaporated Common Layer
Authors: Matsumoto Toshiki , Yoshinaga Tadahiko , Higo Tomoyuki , Imai Toshiaki , Hirano Takashi , Sasaoka Tatsuya 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIn order to improve the performances of the solution processed full‐color Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs), we develop “the advanced hybrid device structure”. This new hybrid device has the hybrid connecting layer (HCL) which is fabricated as a common layer on the solution processed red‐green layers, and under the evaporated blue common layer. This HCL has two different roles depending on each color, the first is improvement of hole injection to the blue emissive layer, and the second is confinement of triplet excitons for red and green emissive layer. We found that HCL can operate as an efficiency enhancement layer for all emissive layers.
62.2: Development of Polymer Light‐Emitting Diode (PLED) Displays using The Relief Printing Method
Authors: Onohara Jun , Mizuno Keisuke , Kubo Yuji , Kitazume Eiichi 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe have developed high resolution organic light emitting diode(OLED) displays by using a relief printing method. [1] With this method, high resolution OLED fabrication could be realized with high efficiency material usage. We have already reported development of a 5inch full color display.[2] In this paper we report about our prototype 7.4‐inch full color OLED display with ORTUS Technology Co. Ltd. A higher alignment accuracy is needed because we use a new TFT backplane which has a narrower pitch between each pixel than previously to make the pixel apertures larger and achieve a larger pixel size. In general, printing methods have an issue with brightness uniformity. We made the panels, without the unintentional color mixing between neighboring pixels by improving the alignment accuracy of the relief printing method.
63.1: Invited Paper: Liquid Crystal Devices Based on Photo‐Alignment and Photo‐Patterning Materials
Authors: Chigrinov Vladimir , Kwok Hoi Sing , Nishiyama Isa , Hasebe Hirohi , Takatsu Haruyoshi 
Published: July 2011

AbstractLiquid crystal devices based on photo‐alignment and photo‐patterning materials, were proposed, including patterned retarders for 3D applications, lenses with electrically tunable focal distance, LC based sensors, switchable q‐plates, and optically rewritable E‐paper. The photoalignment materials were mostly photosensitive azo‐dye layers. The combination of azo‐dye layers and liquid crystal polymers were also used for photo patterned phase retarders. The practical applications of new LC elements in 3D displays and other LC technology areas are envisaged.
63.4: Photocopy Technology in Producing Patterned Alignment Layer
Authors: Du Tao , Fan Fan , Guo Qi , Chigrinov Vladimir , Kwok Hoi Sing 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIn this paper, a method of using photocopy technology in producing patterned alignment layer has been proposed, which is capable of copying any possible alignment patterns with the size as small as 2μm. A patterned polarizer made of quarter wave plates using photoalignment technology is used to transfer the alignment patterns to the photoalignment layer.
65.1: Color Breakup Reduction by Local‐Primary‐Desaturation in Color‐Filterless LCDs
Authors: Lin Fang‐Cheng , Zhang Yuning , Langendijk Erno H. A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis paper describes a Local‐Primary‐Desaturation (LPD) method that reduces color breakup and power consumption in a 180Hz field‐sequential‐color LCD. It also investigates the expected color breakup reduction and the power savings as a function of the number of backlight segments. The experimental results indicate that with 180 segments, the color breakup is almost invisible and the average power consumption is reduced to 35% compared to a conventional field‐sequential‐color LCD without LPD.
65.2: A 120Hz Spatio‐Temporal Color Display Without Color Breakup
Authors: Zhang Yuning , Langendijk Erno H. A. , Hammer Martin , Lin Fang‐cheng 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA color breakup reduction method is proposed for a 120Hz spatio‐temporal color display. It has a 1.5 ×∼3 × high transmission ratio and a 1.5 × high resolution compared to a normal liquid crystal display (LCD) with RGB (red, green, and blue) color filter. It can be implemented on a 120Hz LCD with two‐color filter and a local dimming RGB LED (light emitting diode) backlight. It algorithmically suppresses the color breakup by reducing color differences between fields with a local‐primary desaturation protocol in a segmented backlight.
66.2: Efficiency Enhancement in White PIN OLEDs by Simple Internal Outcoupling Methods
Authors: Canzler Tobias W. , Murano Sven , Pavicic Domagoj , Fadhel Omrane , Rothe Carsten , Haldi Andreas , Hofmann Michael , Huang Qiang 
Published: July 2011

AbstractHighly efficient white PIN OLED structures based on internal outcoupling approaches using vacuum processable materials have been developed. In combination with external MLA outcoupling films an efficiency enhancement of 1.8 can be achieved resulting in a power efficiency of 50 lm/W at color coordinates x,y = 0.46/0.41 for a tandem OLED using fluorescent blue and phosphorescent green and red emitter systems. In a single unit 2‐color fluorescent white system with the same combination of internal and external outcoupling methods an efficiency of 37 lm/W at a color x,y = 0.48/0.42 is reached. This is to our knowledge the highest power efficiency reported for a fluorescent white OLED with a flat light extraction method. A similar approach using a vacuum processable scattering material in top emission OLED architectures on metal substrates allows to reach efficiencies of 36.5 lm/W with a CRI of 75 at a color x,y = 0.45/0.41.
66.4: Invited Paper: Challenges and Opportunities in Scaling Up OLED Lighting Devices
Authors: Ma Ruiqing , Levermore Peter A. , Pang Huiqing , Mandlik Prashant , Rajan Kamala , Silvernail Jeffrey , Hack Mike , Brown Julie J. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIn this paper we discuss the challenges involved in scaling from small size pixels to large area OLED lighting panels, with specific focus on panel luminance uniformity, resistive loss and lifetime. We also discuss panel design and report results for a 15 cm × 15 cm phosphorescent OLED (PHOLED) lighting panel.
67.1: Invited Paper: Performance Gains When Using 3D Displays vs. 2D Displays
Authors: Merritt John O. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractTo justify the additional complexity and cost of stereoscopic 3D systems, it is important to document improved task performance and reduced perceptual workload. This paper will explain, through examples from previous studies and by analysis of various 3D display factors involved, why some research studies have shown significant task performance gains from using 3D displays instead of 2D displays, while other studies have reported little or no benefit from 3D. This review also covers some of the 3D side‐benefits and performance‐testing issues that should be considered when deciding between 3D and. 2D displays for specific applications.
67.2: Perceptual Brightness Analysis of 2D and Stereoscopic 3D Displays
Authors: Choi Dongwook , Choi Byeonghwa , Kim Sangho , Lee Seungbae , Berkeley Brian H. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIn a 3D stereoscopic display, transmissive losses in the shutter glasses cause a reduction of luminance compared to a 2D display. In stereoscopic 3D, evaluation of perceptual brightness through assessment of both of bright and dark luminance levels is needed. This study compares perceptual brightness of 2D and 3D with shutter glasses between AMOLED displays and LCDs considering simultaneous contrast. When 3D luminance of an AMOLED is 12% lower than an LCD as viewed through shutter glasses, according to a comparison based on perceptual contrast length, the displays are perceived as having the same brightness range.
67.3: Perceptually Relevant Characterization of Stereoscopic Displays
Authors: Teunissen Kees , Sevo Aleksandar , van Dalfsen Age , van Parys Hans 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWith the recent introduction of Blu‐ray 3D players and 3D televisions in the consumer market, people can watch 3D movies at home. 3D displays, however, still have imperfections, but there are no clear criteria to quantify performance differences. Standardized physical measurements in combination with perceptually relevant interpretation can help consumers in their buying decision.
P‐71: Sputtered Transparent Conductive ITO/Ag/ITO Films by Roll to Roll Processing
Authors: Yau Bao‐Shun , Lu Chih‐Chiang , Lee Wei‐Jung , Huang Chung‐Huang 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA roll of transparent conductive ITO/Ag/ITO film was prepared by Roll to Rollsputtering. The effects of deposition parameters on microstructure, electrical and optical properties of films were investigated. We obtained the optimum properties of films with a sheet resistance of 8.6±0.2Ω/□ and an optical transmittance of 86.6±0.5% at λ = 550nm.
41.4L: Late‐News Paper: A 360° Panoramic Stereoscopic Projection System Using a Single Projector and a Related 3D Panoramic Camera System
Authors: Montgomery David , Jones Graham 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe present a novel projection system for panoramic stereoscopic video. It uses a single projector to project a full stereoscopic panoramic video with a 360° horizontal viewing angle to viewers with glasses. The vertical field angle can be >260°. A related camera system for still/video capture is also presented.
54.1: Invited Paper: Trends in LED Illumination and Display Backlighting
Authors: Smitt Willem Sillevis 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAlthough the objectives of illumination and display applications are different, the reasons to adopt LEDs and the requirement on LEDs have many similiraties. The wide variety of illumination applications and use conditions has resulted in many different lamp types. It is expected that many different LED types will be required to serve the illumination market needs. In contrast to display, Energy Star requirements for illumination do not only specify energy consumption, but also the quality of light and long term lumen and color stability. LEDs that meet these stability requirements, have the option to be used in both market segments.
8.3: Stereo Glasses with Fast Low Voltage FLC Shutters
Authors: Andreev Alexander L. , Kompanets Igor N. , Ezhov Vasily A. , Sobolev Alexander G. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractActive stereo glasses are manufactured with FLC based shutters that are capable to modulate the light with frequencies up to 1.0 kHz at ±1.5 V and up to 2.0 kHz at ±3.0 V. Used novel FLC materials and cells of 1.5 μm layer thickness provide 30–100 μs response time under 1.0–2.0 V/μm electric field.
Urinary Biomarkers and Renal Recovery in Critically Ill Patients with Renal Support
Authors: Srisawat Nattachai , Wen Xiaoyan , Lee MinJae , Kong Lan , Elder Michele , Carter Melinda , Unruh Mark , Finkel Kevin , Vijayan Anitha , Ramkumar Mohan , Paganini Emil , Singbartl Kai , Palevsky Paul M. , Kellum John A. 
Published: July 2011

Summary

Background and objectives
Despite significant advances in the epidemiology of acute kidney injury (AKI), prognostication remains a major clinical challenge. Unfortunately, no reliable method to predict renal recovery exists. The discovery of biomarkers to aid in clinical risk prediction for recovery after AKI would represent a significant advance over current practice.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We conducted the Biological Markers of Recovery for the Kidney study as an ancillary to the Acute Renal Failure Trial Network study. Urine samples were collected on days 1, 7, and 14 from 76 patients who developed AKI and received renal replacement therapy (RRT) in the intensive care unit. We explored whether levels of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL), urinary hepatocyte growth factor (uHGF), urinary cystatin C (uCystatin C), IL-18, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin/matrix metalloproteinase-9, and urine creatinine could predict subsequent renal recovery.

Results
We defined renal recovery as alive and free of dialysis at 60 days from the start of RRT. Patients who recovered had higher uCystatin C on day 1 (7.27 versus 6.60 ng/mg·creatinine) and lower uHGF on days 7 and 14 (2.97 versus 3.48 ng/mg·creatinine; 2.24 versus 3.40 ng/mg·creatinine). For predicting recovery, decreasing uNGAL and uHGF in the first 14 days was associated with greater odds of renal recovery. The most predictive model combined relative changes in biomarkers with clinical variables and resulted in an area under the receiver-operator characteristic curve of 0.94.

Conclusions
We showed that a panel of urine biomarkers can augment clinical risk prediction for recovery after AKI.