bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Actuation Acceleration-Based Kinematic Modeling and Parameter Identification Approach for a Six-Degrees-of-Freedom 6-PSU Parallel Robot With Joint Clearances
Authors: Liu Xin , Qi Chenkun , Lin Jianfeng , Li Dongjin , Gao Feng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The 6-prismatic-spherical-universal (6-PSU) parallel robot is useful for high-accuracy positioning, where the motors are installed on the robot base and the moving parts of the robot have low inertia. A highly accurate kinematic model of the robot is fundamental for the control. The joint clearances of all limbs often exist and have a significant influence on kinematic model accuracy. In this study, an actuation acceleration information-based kinematic modeling and identification method for a 6-PSU parallel robot with joint clearances is proposed. The direction of the joint clearance is related to the direction of the force acted on the joint, which is determined by the acceleration of the prismatic actuator. The existence of joint clearances is equivalent to the link length change. The joint clearances are identified from the experiments and compensated. Simulations and experiments show that the proposed method is effective and improves the accuracy of the kinematic model.
Draft genome of a human-derived
pks+ E. coli
that caused spontaneous disseminated infection in a mouse
Authors: Weis Allison M. , Matthews O’Connor J. , Mulvey Matthew A. , Round June L. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

We present the draft genome of a novel human-derived
Escherichia coli
strain isolated from a healthy control human microbiota that, when put into a mouse, spontaneously disseminated from the gut to the kidneys.
A comparative evaluation of five phenotypic methods for identification of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae: a modified carbapenemase detection test
Authors: Solgi Hamid , Badamchi Ali , Shahcheraghi Fereshteh , Badmasti Farzad , Akbari Mojtaba , Behzadfar Mehdi 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Rapid detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) is urgently needed to prevent their spread in healthcare settings. Here, we have evaluated the performance of the phenotypic methods for detection of carbapenemase production directly from bacterial cultures. A total of 99 clinical and rectal Enterobacteriaceae isolates were included (81 carrying known carbapenemase-encoding genes and 18 without carbapenemase production). All isolates were subjected to the five phenotypic tests including in-house Carba NP (iCarba NP), modified-Carba NP, E-Test MBL, modified Hodge test (MHT), and commercial combination disk test. Test results were read at different time points for iCarba NP and modified-Carba (1 min, 5 min, 15 min, 1 h and 2 h). The sensitivity and specificity of the iCarba NP were 78.87% and 100%, respectively, whereas those of the modified-Carba NP test were 95.06% and 94.44%, respectively. False-negative results were detected in four OXA-48 isolates with the use of modified-Carba NP, whereas one non-carbapenemase isolate had false-positive results. The sensitivity/specificity was 91.30%/100% and 80.25%/83.33% for the E-Test MBL and MHT, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the aminophenylboronic acid synergy test were 100% and 97.94%, respectively, whereas those of the dipicolinic acid synergy test were 82.61% and 96.23%, respectively. Rapid, simple, and reliable methods are needed for laboratory detection of CPE isolates to improve the detection and surveillance of these clinically relevant pathogens in an epidemiological context. We conclude that the modified-Carba NP test can be one of the reliable tests for the prediction of carbapenemase-producing bacteria.

IMPORTANCE
The emergence of carbapenem resistance among Gram-negative bacteria is a serious global health threat. Here, we investigate the performance of the five phenotypic assays against carbapenemase-producing and carbapenemase-non-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Accurate and rapid detection of CPE isolates is critically required for clinical management and treatment of infections caused by these organisms. Among the five evaluated phenotypic tests, the mCNP test presented the highest sensitivity (95.06%) and, therefore, can be considered the best test to be used as a screening phenotypic methodology.
Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes: an observational study of 77 681 patients from the Swedish National Diabetes Registry
Authors: Sofizadeh Sheyda , Eeg-Olofsson Katarina , Lind Marcus 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionTo assess the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in persons with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) to understand the potential need for intensified screening for early detection of T2D.Research design and methodsIndividuals from the Swedish National Diabetes Registry with a retinal photo <2 years after diagnosis of T2D were included. The proportion of patients with retinopathy (simplex or worse) was assessed. Patient characteristics and risk factors at diagnosis were analyzed in relation to DR with logistic regression.ResultsIn total, 77 681 individuals with newly diagnosed T2D, mean age 62.6 years, 41.1% females were included. Of these, 13 329 (17.2%) had DR.DR was more common in older persons (adjusted OR 1.03 per 10-year increase, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.05) and men compared with women, OR 1.10 (1.05 to 1.14). Other variables associated with DR were OR (95% CI): lower education 1.08 (1.02 to 1.14); previous stroke 1.18 (1.07 to 1.30); chronic kidney disease 1.29 (1.07 to 1.56); treatment with acetylsalicylic acid 1.14 (1.07 to 1.21); ACE inhibitors 1.12 (1.05 to 1.19); and alpha blockers 1.41 (1.15 to 1.73). DR was more common in individuals born in Asia (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.25) and European countries other than those born in Sweden (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.18).ConclusionsIntensified focus on screening of T2D may be needed in Sweden in clinical practice since nearly one-fifth of persons have retinopathy at diagnosis of T2D. The prevalence of DR was higher in men, birthplace outside of Sweden, and those with a history of stroke, kidney disease, and hypertension.
Prediction of coronary artery disease based on facial temperature information captured by non-contact infrared thermography
Authors: Kung Minghui , Zeng Juntong , Lin Shen , Yu Xuexin , Liu Chang , Shi Mengnan , Sun Runchen , Yuan Shangyuan , Lian Xiaocong , Su Xiaoting , Zhao Yan , Zheng Zhe , Ji Xiangyang 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundCurrent approaches for initial coronary artery disease (CAD) assessment rely on pretest probability (PTP) based on risk factors and presentations, with limited performance. Infrared thermography (IRT), a non-contact technology that detects surface temperature, has shown potential in assessing atherosclerosis-related conditions, particularly when measured from body regions such as faces. We aim to assess the feasibility of using facial IRT temperature information with machine learning for the prediction of CAD.MethodsIndividuals referred for invasive coronary angiography or coronary CT angiography (CCTA) were enrolled. Facial IRT images captured before confirmatory CAD examinations were used to develop and validate a deep-learning IRT image model for detecting CAD. We compared the performance of the IRT image model with the guideline-recommended PTP model on the area under the curve (AUC). In addition, interpretable IRT tabular features were extracted from IRT images to further validate the predictive value of IRT information.ResultsA total of 460 eligible participants (mean (SD) age, 58.4 (10.4) years; 126 (27.4%) female) were included. The IRT image model demonstrated outstanding performance (AUC 0.804, 95% CI 0.785 to 0.823) compared with the PTP models (AUC 0.713, 95% CI 0.691 to 0.734). A consistent level of superior performance (AUC 0.796, 95% CI 0.782 to 0.811), achieved with comprehensive interpretable IRT features, further validated the predictive value of IRT information. Notably, even with only traditional temperature features, a satisfactory performance (AUC 0.786, 95% CI 0.769 to 0.803) was still upheld.ConclusionIn this prospective study, we demonstrated the feasibility of using non-contact facial IRT information for CAD prediction.
Assessing safe chemotherapy needs and practices in Ile-Ife, Nigeria: a multi-disciplinary quality improvement project
Authors: Koranteng Lauren , Wuraola Funmilola Olanike , Thom Bridgette , Lynch Kathleen , Adesuji Adejuwon , Bifarin Mary , Randolph Kate , Olatunde Olabisi , Olatunji Funmilayo , Okunola Sola , Makut Paul , Olumide Ogundele , Johnson Lauren , Ogundipe Taiwo , Adeyemo Adekunle , Kingham T Peter , Barton-Burke Margaret , Alatise Olusegun Isaac 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveTo explore the gaps in the safe handling, administration, preparation and disposal of chemotherapy agents in low and middle-income countries.DesignTwo surveys comprising a needs assessment survey and an American Cancer Society (ACS) ChemoSafe Facility Assessment.Setting2019 African Research Group for Oncology Symposium in South-West Nigeria (needs assessment) and the 2021 virtual engagement (ChemoSafe Assessment).ParticipantsHealth professionals (n=50 of 98) from multiple institutions across Nigeria (needs assessment survey) and a designated task force of health professionals (n=10) from one teaching hospital in Southwest Nigeria(ChemoSafe Facility Assessment).ResultsIn 2019, 75% of survey respondents (n=50) reported a lack of training resources for safe handling of chemotherapy. Additionally, 61% felt dissatisfaction with assessment practices for preparing and administering chemotherapy. ChemoSafe is a programme developed by the ACS to assess the ability of a facility to handle hazardous drugs. The 2021 ACS ChemoSafe survey administered at one teaching hospital indicated several areas for improvement to promote concordance with international standards for safe handling. Thirty-three (19.5%) items received a ‘Yes’ response (ie, met compliance with international standards).ConclusionThere is a need for the implementation of training resources for handling, administering and disposing of chemotherapy at sites across Nigeria. Strategies to identify and prioritise areas of need must be implemented in the context of available resources.
Targeting self-care adherence for glycaemic control in multimorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus with depression using bupropion: a protocol for cross-over randomised controlled trial
Authors: Shamim Muhammad Aaqib , Shukla Ravindra , Swami Mukesh Kumar , Srivastav Shival , Pradhan Anindita , Yadav Suraj Singh , Anil Abhishek , Saravanan Aswini , Varthya Shoban Babu , Singh Surjit , Dwivedi Pradeep 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionDiabetes and depression are among the 10 biggest health burdens globally. They often coexist and exhibit a strong bidirectional relationship. Depression leads to decreased adherence to self-care activities. This impacts glycaemic control and worsens type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Both conditions have a synergistic effect and lead to greater complications, hospitalisations, healthcare expenditure and a worse quality of life. There is no consensus on managing people with comorbid T2D and depression. Bupropion is an efficacious antidepressant with many properties suitable for T2D with depression, including a favourable metabolic profile, persistent weight loss and improvement in sexual dysfunction. We will assess the efficacy and safety of add-on bupropion compared with standard care in people with T2D and mild depression. This study can give valuable insights into managing the multimorbidity of T2D and depression. This can help mitigate the health, social and economic burden of both these diseases.Research design and methodsThis cross-over randomised controlled trial will recruit people with T2D (for 5 years or more) with mild depression. They will be randomised to add-on bupropion and standard care. After 3 months of treatment, there will be a washout period of 1 month (without add-on bupropion while standard treatment will continue). Following this, the two arms will be swapped. Participants will be assessed for glycosylated haemoglobin, adherence to diabetes self-care activities, lipid profile, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, autonomic function, sexual function, quality of life and adverse events.Ethics and disseminationThe Institutional Ethics Committee at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur has approved this study (AIIMS/IEC/2022/4172, 19 September 2022). We plan to disseminate the research findings via closed group discussions at the site of study, scientific conferences, peer-reviewed published manuscripts and social media.Trial registration numberCTRI/2022/10/046411.
Experiences and perceptions of critical care nurses on the use of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) to establish peripheral venous access in patients with difficult intravenous access: a qualitative study
Authors: Hansen Øystein Myrlund , Solbakken Rita 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesThis study aims to explore and describe critical care nurses’ (CCNs’) experiences and perceptions of using point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) to establish peripheral intravenous access in patients with difficult intravenous access (DIVA).DesignA qualitative design with a hermeneutic approach was chosen for this study. From May to August 2022, data were collected using individual, face-to-face, and digital semistructured interviews and analysed using Braun and Clarke’s reflexive thematic analysis.SettingThe study were conducted in six intensive care units in both Norway and Sweden.ParticipantsNine CCNs experienced in using point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) to establish peripheral intravenous access in patients with DIVA were recruited.ResultsData analysis led to the construction of the overarching theme: ‘POCUS simplifies a complicated procedure’based on the following five subthemes:‘Sharing the experience’,‘Seeing inside the body’,‘Independent in establishing difficult intravenous access’,‘Using POCUS to increase action readiness’, and‘Appreciating an expanded role as critical care nurses’.ConclusionUltrasound-guided peripheral intravenous access can become a valuable skill for CCN’s caring for patients with DIVA in the intensive care unit. This practice can potentially reduce patient suffering, improve patient outcomes, enable the CCN to provide high-quality care, improve action readiness, time management and job satisfaction for the nurses.
Assessing attitudes towards violence against women and girls, their determinants and health-seeking behaviour among women and men in South Sudan: a cross-sectional national survey
Authors: Lamadrid Angelo , Jeffery Caroline , Anguyo Robert , Devkota Baburam , Lako Richard , Valadez Joseph J 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveInvestigating attitudes accepting two categories of violence against women and girls (VAWG) (intimate partner violence—IPV—and other expressions of VAWG) and their association with seven demographic/social determinants and health-seeking behaviours in South Sudan.DesignCross-sectional study using data from the South Sudan National Household Survey 2020.SettingSouth Sudan.Participants and methods1741 South Sudanese women and 1739 men aged 15–49 years; data captured between November 2020 and February 2021 and analysed using binary logistic regression.ResultsPeople with secondary or higher education displayed attitudes rejecting acceptance of IPV (OR 0.631, 95% CI 0.508 to 0.783). Women and men living in states with more numerous internally displaced people (IDP) or political/military violence had attitudes accepting IPV more than residents of less violence-affected regions (OR 1.853, 95% CI 1.587 to 2.164). Women had a higher odd of having attitudes accepting IPV than men (OR 1.195, 95% CI 1.014 to 1.409). People knowing where to receive gender-based violence healthcare and psychological support (OR 0.703, 95% CI 0.596 to 0.830) and with primary (OR 0.613, 95% CI 0.515 to 0.729), secondary or higher education (OR 0.596, 95% CI 0.481 to 0.740) displayed attitudes rejecting acceptance of other expressions of VAWG. People residing in states with proportionately more IDP and who accepted IPV were more likely to have attitudes accepting other expressions of VAWG (OR 1.699, 95% CI 1.459 to 1.978; OR 3.195, 95% CI 2.703 to 3.775, respectively).ConclusionAttitudes towards accepting VAWG in South Sudan are associated with women’s and men’s education, gender, residence and knowledge about health-seeking behaviour. Prioritising women’s empowerment and gender transformative programming in the most conflict-affected areas where rates of VAWG are higher should be prioritised along with increasing girls’ access to education. A less feasible strategy to decrease gender inequalities is reducing insecurity, military conflict, and displacement, and increasing economic stability.
Digital technologies for health financing in low-income and middle-income countries: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Pioch Carolina , Struckmann Verena , Brikci Nouria , De Allegri Manuela , Emmrich Julius Valentin , Knauss Samuel , Mathauer Inke , Opoku Daniel , Quentin Wilm 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionUniversal health coverage (UHC) is a global priority, ensuring equitable access to quality healthcare services without financial hardship. Many countries face challenges in progressing towards UHC. Health financing is pivotal for advancing UHC by raising revenues, enabling risk-sharing through pooling of funds and allocating resources. Digital technologies in the healthcare sector offer promising opportunities for health systems. In low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), digital technologies for health financing (DTHF) have gained traction, supporting these three main functions of health financing for UHC. As existing information on DTHF in LMICs is limited, our scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of DTHF in LMICs. Our objectives include identifying and describing existing DTHF, exploring evaluation approaches, examining their positive and negative effects, and investigating facilitating factors and barriers to implementation at the national level.Methods and analysisOur scoping review follows the six stages proposed by Arksey and O’Malley, further developed by Levacet aland the Joanna Briggs Institute. The reporting adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews framework. Eligibility criteria for studies reflect the three core elements of the search: (1) health financing, (2) digital technologies and (3) LMICs. We search multiple databases, including Medline via PubMed, EMBASE via Ovid, the Web of Science Core Collection, CENTRAL via Cochrane and the Global Index Medicus by the WHO. The extracted information is synthesised from both quantitative and qualitative studies.Ethics and disseminationAs our scoping review is based solely on information gathered from previously published studies, documents and publicly available scientific literature, ethical clearance is not required for its conduct. The findings are presented and discussed in a peer-reviewed article, as well as shared at conferences relevant to the topic.
European Autism GEnomics Registry (EAGER): protocol for a multicentre cohort study and registry
Authors: Bloomfield Madeleine , Lautarescu Alexandra , Heraty Síofra , Douglas Sarah , Violland Pierre , Plas Roderik , Ghosh Anjuli , Van den Bosch Katrien , Eaton Eliza , Absoud Michael , Battini Roberta , Blázquez Hinojosa Ana , Bolshakova Nadia , Bölte Sven , Bonanni Paolo , Borg Jacqueline , Calderoni Sara , Calvo Escalona Rosa , Castelo-Branco Miguel , Castro-Fornieles Josefina , Caro Pilar , Cliquet Freddy , Danieli Alberto , Delorme Richard , Elia Maurizio , Hempel Maja , Leblond Claire S , Madeira Nuno , McAlonan Grainne , Milone Roberta , Molloy Ciara J , Mouga Susana , Montiel Virginia , Pina Rodrigues Ana , Schaaf Christian P , Serrano Mercedes , Tammimies Kristiina , Tye Charlotte , Vigevano Federico , Oliveira Guiomar , Mazzone Beatrice , O’Neill Cara , Pender Julie , Romero Verena , Tillmann Julian , Oakley Bethany , Murphy Declan G M , Gallagher Louise , Bourgeron Thomas , Chatham Christopher , Charman Tony 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionAutism is a common neurodevelopmental condition with a complex genetic aetiology that includes contributions from monogenic and polygenic factors. Many autistic people have unmet healthcare needs that could be served by genomics-informed research and clinical trials. The primary aim of the European Autism GEnomics Registry (EAGER) is to establish a registry of participants with a diagnosis of autism or an associated rare genetic condition who have undergone whole-genome sequencing. The registry can facilitate recruitment for future clinical trials and research studies, based on genetic, clinical and phenotypic profiles, as well as participant preferences. The secondary aim of EAGER is to investigate the association between mental and physical health characteristics and participants’ genetic profiles.Methods and analysisEAGER is a European multisite cohort study and registry and is part of the AIMS-2-TRIALS consortium. EAGER was developed with input from the AIMS-2-TRIALS Autism Representatives and representatives from the rare genetic conditions community. 1500 participants with a diagnosis of autism or an associated rare genetic condition will be recruited at 13 sites across 8 countries. Participants will be given a blood or saliva sample for whole-genome sequencing and answer a series of online questionnaires. Participants may also consent to the study to access pre-existing clinical data. Participants will be added to the EAGER registry and data will be shared externally through established AIMS-2-TRIALS mechanisms.Ethics and disseminationTo date, EAGER has received full ethical approval for 11 out of the 13 sites in the UK (REC 23/SC/0022), Germany (S-375/2023), Portugal (CE-085/2023), Spain (HCB/2023/0038, PIC-164-22), Sweden (Dnr 2023-06737-01), Ireland (230907) and Italy (CET_62/2023, CEL-IRCCS OASI/24-01-2024/EM01, EM 2024-13/1032 EAGER). Findings will be disseminated via scientific publications and conferences but also beyond to participants and the wider community (eg, the AIMS-2-TRIALS website, stakeholder meetings, newsletters).