bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First‐line combination of gemcitabine, oxaliplatin, and L‐asparaginase (GELOX) followed by involved‐field radiation therapy for patients with stage IE/IIE extranodal natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Wang Liang , Wang Zhi‐hui , Chen Xiao‐qin , Li Ya‐jun , Wang Ke‐feng , Xia Yun‐fei , Xia Zhong‐jun 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Extranodal natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL) is a distinct subtype of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma in which the upper aerodigestive tract is the most commonly involved site. To date, optimal treatment strategies and prognosis for patients with ENKTL have not been fully defined.METHODS:This prospective study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety profiles of first‐line combined gemcitabine, oxaliplatin, and L‐asparaginase (GELOX) followed by involved‐field radiation therapy for patients with stage IE/IIE ENKTL. The primary endpoints were the complete response rate, the objective response rate, and toxicities. Secondary endpoints were overall survival and progression‐free survival.RESULTS:Twenty‐seven patients with newly diagnosed ENKTL were enrolled and completed the entire course of treatment. At the end of treatment, the overall response rate was 96.3%, including 20 patients (74.1%) who attained a complete response and 6 patients (22.2%) who attained a partial response. No patients developed disease progression during therapy. Grade 1 and 2 toxicities were frequent during GELOX, but grade 3 and 4 toxicities were few, and no treatment‐related deaths occurred. At a median follow‐up of 27.37 months, 7 patients (25.9%) experienced disease progression, and 4 of those patients died of disease. The rates of 2‐year overall and progression‐free survival were both 86%, and patients who attained a complete response at the end of treatment had significantly longer progression‐free survival (P = .012) and overall survival (P = .021) than patients who did not attain a complete response.CONCLUSIONS:The current results indicated that GELOX followed by involved‐field radiation therapy can be an effective and feasible treatment strategy for patients with stage IE/IIE ENKTL of the upper aerodigestive tract. These results will require further investigation in larger prospective trials. Cancer 2013. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Interrater agreement of anal cytology
Authors: Darragh Teresa M. , Tokugawa Diane , Castle Philip E. , Follansbee Stephen , Borgonovo Sylvia , LaMere Brandon J. , Schwartz Lauren , Gage Julia C. , Fetterman Barbara , Lorey Thomas , Wentzensen Nicolas 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:The majority of anal cancers are caused by persistent infections with carcinogenic human papillomaviruses (HPV). Similar to cervical carcinogenesis, the progression from HPV infection to anal cancer occurs through precancerous lesions that can be treated to prevent invasion. In analogy to cervical cytology, anal cytology has been proposed as a screening tool for anal cancer precursors in high‐risk populations.METHODS:The authors analyzed the interobserver reproducibility of anal cytology in a population of 363 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected men who have sex with men (MSM). Liquid‐based cytology (LBC) specimens were collected in the anal dysplasia clinic before the performance of high‐resolution anoscopy on all patients. Papanicolaou‐stained LBC slides were evaluated by 2 cytopathologists, each of whom was blinded to the clinical outcome and the other pathologist's results, using the revised Bethesda terminology.RESULTS:Overall agreement between the 2 observers was 66% (kappa, 0.54; linear‐weighted kappa, 0.69). Using dichotomizing cytology results (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance [ASC‐US] or worse vs less than ASC‐US), the agreement increased to 86% (kappa, 0.69). An increasing likelihood of testing positive for markers associated with HPV‐related transformation, p16/Ki‐67, and HPV oncogene messenger RNA was observed, with increasing severity of cytology results noted both for individual cytologists and for consensus cytology interpretation (P value for trend [ptrend] < .0001 for all).CONCLUSIONS:Moderate to good agreement was observed between 2 cytopathologists evaluating anal cytology samples collected from HIV‐positive MSM. A higher severity of anal cytology was associated with biomarkers of anal precancerous lesions. Anal cytology may be used for anal cancer screening in high‐risk populations, and biomarkers of HPV‐related transformation can serve as quality control for anal cytology. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2013. Published 2012 by the American Cancer Society.
Differential roles of ventral pallidum subregions during cocaine self‐administration behaviors
Authors: Root David H. , Ma Sisi , Barker David J. , Megehee Laura , Striano Brendan M. , Ralston Carla M. , Fabbricatore Anthony T. , West Mark O. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe ventral pallidum (VP) is necessary for drug‐seeking behavior. VP contains ventromedial (VPvm) and dorsolateral (VPdl) subregions, which receive projections from the nucleus accumbens shell and core, respectively. To date no study has investigated the behavioral functions of the VPdl and VPvm subregions. To address this issue, we investigated whether changes in firing rate (FR) differed between VP subregions during four events: approaching toward, responding on, or retreating away from a cocaine‐reinforced operandum and a cocaine‐associated cue. Baseline FR and waveform characteristics did not differ between subregions. VPdl neurons exhibited a greater change in FR compared with VPvm neurons during approaches toward, as well as responses on, the cocaine‐reinforced operandum. VPdl neurons were more likely to exhibit a similar change in FR (direction and magnitude) during approach and response than VPvm neurons. In contrast, VPvm firing patterns were heterogeneous, changing FRs during approach or response alone, or both. VP neurons did not discriminate cued behaviors from uncued behaviors. No differences were found between subregions during the retreat, and no VP neurons exhibited patterned changes in FR in response to the cocaine‐associated cue. The stronger, sustained FR changes of VPdl neurons during approach and response may implicate VPdl in the processing of drug‐seeking and drug‐taking behavior via projections to subthalamic nucleus and substantia nigra pars reticulata. In contrast, the heterogeneous firing patterns of VPvm neurons may implicate VPvm in facilitating mesocortical structures with information related to the sequence of behaviors predicting cocaine self‐infusions via projections to mediodorsal thalamus and ventral tegmental area. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:558–588, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sensitisation of the Near‐Infrared Emission of NdIII from the Singlet State of Porphyrins Bearing Four 8‐Hydroxyquinolinylamide Chelates
Authors: Guenet Aurélie , Eckes Fabrice , Bulach Véronique , Strassert Cristian A. , De Cola Luisa , Hosseini Mir Wais 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe α4 atropoisomer of a tetraaryl porphyrin and its PdII complex, both bearing four hydroxyquinolinyl chelating units pre‐organised on the same face of the porphyrin backbone, bind a NdIII centre thus affording either a mononuclear or a heterobinuclear anionic species, respectively. The near‐infrared emission of the lanthanide centred at 1064 nm is observed upon excitation of the Soret band at 425 nm. Sensitisation proceeds mainly from the singlet state of the porphyrin.
Rational Design for Building Blocks of DNA‐Based Conductive Nanowires through Multi‐Copper Incorporation into Mismatched Base Pairs
Authors: Zhao Jing , Han Li , Yang Hongfang , Liu Jinxiang , Bu Yuxiang 
Published: July 2012

AbstractMetal‐modified DNA base pairs, which possess potential electrical conductivity and can serve as conductive nanomaterials, have recently attracted much attention. Inspired by our recent finding that multicopper incorporation into natural DNA base pairs could improve the electronic properties of base pairs, herein, we designed two novel multi‐copper‐mediated mismatched base pairs (G3CuT and A2CuC), and examined their structural and electronic properties by means of density functional theory calculations. The results reveal that these multi‐Cu‐mediated mismatched base pairs still have planar geometries that are thermodynamically favorable to stability, and their binding energies are close to those of multi‐Cu‐mediated normal base pairs (G3CuC and A2CuT). Their HOMO–LUMO gaps and ionization potentials decrease significantly compared to the corresponding natural base pairs. As evidenced by the charge transfer excitation transitions, transverse electronic communication of G3CuT and A2CuC is remarkably enhanced, suggesting that they facilitate electron migration along the DNA wires upon incorporation. Further examinations also clarify the possibility to build promising DNA helices using the G3CuT and/or A2CuC base pairs. The calculated electronic properties of the three‐layer‐stacked multi‐Cu‐mediated mismatched base pairs illustrate that the Cum‐DNA have better conductivity. This work provides perspectives for the development and application of DNA nanowires.
Corporate Responsibility and Strategic Groups in the Forest‐based Industry: Exploratory Analysis based on the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Framework
Authors: Toppinen Anne , Li Ning , Tuppura Anni , Xiong Ying 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTA growing number of large forest industry companies have declared voluntary adoption of Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) guidelines to avoid the lack of verification in reporting and to alleviate current criticisms of corporate responsibility (CR) practices. In this study, we use quantitative multivariate analysis of CR disclosure data (GRI indicators) from 66 forest industry firms. The results from cluster analysis show that 58% of the major companies in forest‐based industries are following what could be called a relatively defensive approach to CR, while companies proactive towards CR represent only a minority of the sample (18%), and one‐quarter of the companies could be classified as being ‘stuck‐in‐the‐middle’ in terms of CR. CR practices are found to run parallel to and beyond core business activities, number of employees, sales, and production in these three strategic groups. However, no strategic group level differences in terms of the location of headquarters or financial performance were found. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Analysis and implementation of a fourth‐order bandpass filter for R‐wave detection of an implantable cardiac microstimulator
Authors: Lee Shuenn‐Yuh , Liang Ming‐Chun , Tsai Tsung‐Heng , Kao Wei‐Chun 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYThis paper presents an ultra‐low‐power fourth‐order bandpass operational transconductance amplifier‐C (OTA‐C) filter for an implantable cardiac microstimulator used to detect the R‐wave of intracardiac electrograms. The OTA‐C filter fabricated by TSMC 0.35‐µm complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) technology is operated in the subthreshold region to save power under a supply voltage of 1 V. The current cancellation technique is adopted to reduce the transconductance of the amplifier. Through this, the low‐frequency OTA‐C filter can be realized by ultra‐low transconductance with on‐chip capacitors. Direct comparison to conventional RLC ladders replaced by OTA‐C circuits shows that the method of reducing the number of OTAs further diminishes power consumption. Design issues, including ultra‐low transconductance, linearity, and noise, are also discussed. Measurement results show that the low‐voltage, low‐power filter has a bandwidth between 10 and 50 Hz, third inter‐modulation distortion of −40 dB, dynamic range of 43 dB, and power consumption of only 12 nW. The real electrocardiography signal is fed into the bandpass filter to verify the function of signal processing with the distribution of the R‐wave. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis, Structures, and Magnetic Properties of Three 3D Coordination Polymers Based on M4O4 Cubanes (M = MnII, FeII, CoII)
Authors: Tian Chong‐Bin , Zhang Hua‐Bin , Peng Yan , Xie Yun‐En , Lin Ping , Li Zhi‐Hua , Du Shao‐Wu 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThree new isostructural coordination polymers, namely, [M4(μ3‐OMe)4(nic)4]n [M = MnII (1), FeII (2), and CoII (3); Hnic = nicotinic acid], have been solvothermally synthesized and magnetically characterized. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction study reveals that compounds 1–3 are three‐dimensional frameworks, which are constructed through {M4(μ3‐OMe)4} cubane‐like building blocks and bridging nic– anions. Variable‐temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate that they all show antiferromagnetic behavior with different intracubane coupling constants. Complex 1 exhibits spin‐frustration behavior, and was fitted with a two‐J model in the temperature range of 2–300 K, which gives J1 = –0.92 and J2 = –2.23 cm–1. Complexes 2 and 3 were fitted with the same model in the temperature range of 30–300 K and 40–300 K to give the exchange coupling constants J1 = –2.49, J2 = 4.84 cm–1 and J1 = –4.18, J2 = 5.44 cm–1, respectively.
Programmed Biologically Inspired Synthetic Templating of Multifunctional Nanoarchitectures for Small‐Scale Reactions
Authors: Didier Jonathan E. , Schafer Chad M. , LeDuc Philip R. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractNature has demonstrated the ability to create highly efficient reactions on small scales by using dimensional constraints and geometric advantages in unique and powerful ways. Inspired by elegant nanoscale cytoskeletal reactions, we have demonstrated a novel method for accelerating the rates of reactions by controlling spatiotemporal relationships using synthetic templating for multifunctional nanoarchitectures. In our model system we used tetrameric β‐galactosidase, split into a pair of nonreactive dimers, and organized them to have a strong affinity for microtubules. This microtubule templating increases the concentration of the dimers to a level at which they will frequently reform into active tetramers. The reactive activity of the β‐galactosidase was monitored by X‐gal, which enabled us to demonstrate a nearly 30‐fold increase in the maximum rate of reaction. We have shown that the use of biologically inspired approaches will give us the ability to control some of the essential basics in biology and medical chemistry through increasing reaction rates. These results will have applications in a wide range of fields including nanotechnology, synthetic biology, chemistry, engineering, and polymer physics.
Selective Consecutive Insertion of Alkynes into the B–Se Bonds of 1,3,2‐Diselenaborolane Derivatives: Synthesis and Molecular Structures of Nine‐Membered Rings
Authors: Wrackmeyer Bernd , Klimkina Elena V. , Milius Wolfgang 
Published: July 2012

AbstractVarious alkynes have been inserted selectively and stepwise into the B–Se bond(s) of 1,3,2‐diselenaboracyclopentanes {as the 4,5‐[1,2‐dicarba‐closo‐dodecaborano(12)] derivatives}. The B‐phenyl derivative was much less reactive than the B‐halogeno derivatives. The proposed structures were confirmed in solution by multinuclear NMR studies (1H, 11B, 13C and 77Se NMR), also supported by DFT calculations of the gas‐phase molecular geometries and NMR parameters [B3LYP/6‐311+G(d,p) level of theory]. Isotope‐induced nuclear shielding 2Δ10/11B(13C) across weak intramolecular coordinative Se–B bonding was observed in the 13C NMR spectra of the nine‐membered‐ring compounds. The molecular structures of two nine‐membered‐ring structures with B–Cl and B–Br functions were determined by X‐ray diffraction. In addition, it was shown that the slow hydrolysis of these boron halides afforded the corresponding diboroxanes and borinic acids, the structures of the former being determined by X‐ray diffraction.
Investigation of the Rearrangement in Alkyl‐Bridged Bis(carbamoyldiaziridine) Derivatives
Authors: Kamuf Matthias , Rominger Frank , Trapp Oliver 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe thermal treatment of alkyl‐bridged bis(carbamoyldiaziridine) derivatives in toluene at 100 °C led to the formation of new saturated five‐ and six‐membered 1,3‐diaza‐heterocyclic compounds from ethylene‐ or propylene‐bridged bis(carbamoyldiaziridine) derviatives, respectively. Detailed experimental investigations of this reaction revealed an unprecedented intramolecular eliminative rearrangement, involving the two adjacent diaziridine moieties. The loss of a three‐carbon fragment by elimination of acetone during the reaction was confirmed by GC–MS measurements. The products of the rearrangement were fully characterized, and their structures were confirmed by X‐ray crystal structure analysis. Furthermore, a reaction mechanism of the eliminative rearrangement was proposed, and the reaction pathway was corroborated by DFT calculations of gas‐phase model structures at the B3LYP/6‐31G** level.
A Stereoselective Povarov Reaction Leading to exo‐Tetrahydroindolo[3,2‐c]quinoline Derivatives Catalyzed by Iodine
Authors: Wang Xiang‐Shan , Yin Ming‐Yue , Wang Wei , Tu Shu‐Jiang 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe report an iodine‐catalyzed Povarov reaction using indole as dienophile carried out in toluene at room temperature. This three‐component reaction, coupling an aldehyde, an amine, and an indole, proved to be an efficient method for synthesizing exo‐indolo[3,2‐c]quinoline derivatives related to the alkaloid isocryptolepine (cryptosanguinolentine) in good yield and with high stereoselectivity.
Mori–Hiyama versus Hay Coupling for Higher Polyynes
Authors: Gulia Nurbey , Osowska Karolina , Pigulski Bartłomiej , Lis Tadeusz , Galewski Zbigniew , Szafert Sławomir 
Published: July 2012

AbstractDimerizations of C4 precursors RC≡CC≡CTMS [R = C6H5 (1), p‐CH3C6H5, (2), 4‐n‐C5H11C6H4 (3), C6H9 (4), p‐CH3OC6H4 (5), p‐C6H5COC6H4 (6), p‐NO2C6H4 (7), and p‐NCC6H4 (8)] by Hay coupling with in situ deprotection gave stable octatetraynes R(C≡C)4R (1–8‐C8‐1–8) in 42–80 % yields as light yellow to brown powders. The same tetraynes were next synthesized from the same C4 precursors by an alternative Mori–Hiyama method that typically utilizes trimethylsilyl‐substituted alkynes without prior deprotection. The latter protocol proved useful and gave the expected products but with lower yields of 8–74 %. The resulting tetraynes were characterized by spectroscopic methods and in some cases by X‐ray crystallography. In the cases of 1‐C8‐1 and 3‐C12‐3, close analysis of the crystal data showed high degrees of carbon chain linearity, with % contraction indexes of 0.13 % and 0.19 %, respectively. The chains were more strained in the cases of 6‐C8‐6 (0.34 %) and 3‐C8‐3 (0.68 %). Deeper analysis of packing motifs revealed 3‐C12‐3 to be a very promising candidate for topochemical 1,4‐polymerization.
Endocannabinoids alleviate proinflammatory conditions by modulating innate immune response in muller glia during inflammation
Authors: Krishnan Gopinath , Chatterjee Nivedita 
Published: July 2012

AbstractMuller cells play a prominent role in inflammatory conditions of the retina. They are part of the retinal innate immune response. The endocannabinoid system functions as an immune modulator in both the peripheral immune system as well as the central nervous system. We hypothesized that the neuroprotective ability of exogenous endocannabinoids in the retina is partially mediated through Muller glia. This study reports that exposure to endocannabinoids in activated but not resting primary human Muller glia inhibit production of several proinflammatory cytokines, while elevating anti‐inflammatory mediators. Cytokine generation in activated Muller glia is regulated by endocannabinoids through the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) family at multiple signaling stages. Anandamide (AEA) acts to control MAPK phosphorylation through MKP‐1. Both AEA and 2‐arachidonoylglycerol (2‐AG) inhibit the transcription factor NF‐κB and increases the regulatory protein, IL1‐R‐associated kinase 1‐binding protein 1. Endocannabinoids also increase expression of Tristetraprolin in activated Muller cells, which is implicated in affecting AU‐rich proinflammatory cytokine mRNA. We demonstrate that exogenous application of AEA and 2‐AG aid in retinal cell survival under inflammatory conditions by creating an anti‐inflammatory milieu. Endocannabinoids or synthetic cannabinoid therapy may therefore orchestrate a molecular switch to bias the innate immune system suchthat the balance of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokine generation creates a prosurvival milieu. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Utility of multiple sampling in reducing variation of salivary interleukin‐8 and interleukin‐1β mRNA levels in healthy adults
Authors: Kim Jeong Kyu , Zhou Hui , Nabili Vishad , Wang Marilene B. , Abemayor Elliot , Wong David T. W. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackgroundSalivary mRNA biomarkers can exhibit significant variation over time. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pattern and magnitude of variation of salivary mRNA biomarkers and to explore the effect of performing replicate assays and multiple sampling on the dispersion of salivary biomarkers.MethodsSalivary interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) mRNAs, developed as biomarkers for oral cancer detection, were selected and measured from 15 healthy subjects at 4 different time points on the same day.ResultsSalivary IL‐8 and IL‐1β mRNA levels fluctuated randomly over time without predictable rhythm and showed higher within‐subject biological variation than analytical variation. The dispersion of salivary IL‐8 and IL‐1β mRNAs was more effectively reduced by taking multiple saliva sample measurements than by performing replicative assays.ConclusionTaking multiple saliva samples can effectively reduce variation of salivary IL‐8 and IL‐1β mRNA levels in healthy adults. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Osteoblast response on Ti‐ and Zr‐based bulk metallic glass surfaces after sand blasting modification
Authors: Li H. F. , Wang Y. B. , Zheng Y. F. , Lin J. P. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe present study aimed to evaluate the osteoblast response on Ti‐ and Zr‐based BMG surfaces sand blasted with different grit corundums for implant application, with mechanically polished disks before sand blasting as control groups. The surface properties were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle, and roughness measurements. Further evaluation of the surface bioactivity was conducted by MG63 cell attachment, proliferation, morphology, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on the sample surfaces. It was found that corundum sand blasting surfaces significantly increased the surface wettability and MG63 cell attachment, cell proliferation, and ALP activity in comparison with the control group surfaces. Besides, the sample surface treated by large grit corundum is more favorable for cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation than samples treated by small grit corundum, indicating that it might be effective for improving implant osseointegration in vivo. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.