bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical and sensory properties of cow skin crackers from dry salt-preserved skin utilizing sodium meta-bisulfite (SMB)
Authors: Novia D , Juliyarsi I , Yuherman  , Setiawan R D , Afriyeni R , Nurhayani F 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Cow skin cracker is a traditional Indonesian snack originating from West Sumatra, Indonesia, which is a product of livestock made from cowhide. Sulfites have been widely used for the pretreatment of foodstuffs to improve and maintain process and quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of sodium metabisulfite (SMB) added to the soaking process during the manufacture of cow skin crackers at concentrations of 0%, 0.15%, 0.3%, 0.45%, 0.6%, 0.75%, and 0.9% on the physicochemical and sensory properties. Moreover, the residual sulfite content in skin crackers was also evaluated. Adding a higher SMB concentration increases the hardness value and gives a higher residual value; conversely, it can lower the skin crackers’ pH and fat content. The addition of SMB also increased the brightness and reduced the redness and yellowness of skin crackers. Adding 0.3% SMB in the sensory evaluation gave the highest value for taste and texture attributes.
Application of C.odorata liquid fertilizer and leaves maize trimming as an integration of maize- livestock and farming analysis supporting food security
Authors: Jamilah  , Maida Y , Haryoko W , Mulyani S , Yusnaweti  
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This experiment aimed to determine the effect of trimming the maximum vegetative phase which was applied C.odorata liquid fertilizer (CLF) to increase food security and animal feed as well as to analyze its farming. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) by factorial. The first factor was trimming consisting of an untrimmed and trimmed maize plant top. The second factor was the concentration of C.odorata liquid fertilizer (Crocober Plus), namely: 0 ml L−1; 50 ml L−1; 100 ml L−1, which was repeated 4 times. Data were analyzed using an F test at level 5%. Based on the experimental results, it can be concluded that 50 ml L−1 CLF is the optimal dose for producing a model of integration of livestock maize in increasing food security for farmers and ranchers. The results demonstrated that the integration of maize and the procurement of forage by trimming maize plants at 43 DAP along 30 cm at the top to down, was very profitable for farmers with an R/C ratio of 4.29 and provided an income of IDR 7,548,750. There was a difference in IDR—5,420,000,- per each harvest for 4 months between trimming and un-trimming.
Enzymatic hydrolyzation of fermented palm kernel meal with the addition of ammonium sulfate in poultry diet
Authors: Sundu B , Asril A , Hafsah H , Saloko F 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A study was conducted to determine the effect of fermented palm kernel meal (FPKM) with different levels of ammonium sulfate (AS) plus enzymatic hydrolyzation on the nutritive value and digestibility of the diets. The PKM was added with 0, 3, and 6% AS and then fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae for 5 days. The FPKM was hydrolyzed with a multi-enzyme product (FHPKM) and then included in the diets. The diets were: T-1 (PKM), T-2 (FPKM), T-3 (FHPKM), T-4 (FPKM with 3% AS addition), T-5 (FHPKM with 3% AS addition), T-6 (FPKM 6% AS addition), T-7 (FHPKM with 6% AS addition). The diets were fed to 140 laying hens for 30 days. The study used a completely randomized design with 7 treatments and 5 replications. Data were analyzed with the variance analysis. The results showed that fermentation increased the protein content of PKM and decreased the crude fiber content. The AS addition increased protein content linearly. Enzymatic hydrolyzation of FPKM increased significantly protein and crude fiber digestibilities (P<0.05). The addition of 6% AS increased the apparent metabolizable energy of the diets significantly (P<0.05). In conclusion, Fermentation increased the quality of PKM, and enzymatic hydrolyzation of FPKM increased protein and crude fiber digestibilities.
The effect of increasing proportion mixed vegetable wastes in combination with corn stover as a basal diet on intake, digestion, liveweight gain and income over feed cost of Bali bulls supplemented with rice bran
Authors: Sulendre I W , Marsetyo  
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A 12 weeks feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of increasing proportion of mixed vegetable wastes (MVW) in combination with corn stover (CS) as basal diet on dry matter feed intake (DMI), dry matter digestibility (DMD), average daily gain (ADG) and income feed cost (IOFC) of Bali bulls supplemented with rice bran. Twenty four Bali bulls (159.29 kg) were allocated to 4 dietary treatments, in a completely randomized block design. Each dietary treatment was repeated 6 times. The dietary treatment include CS:MVW (100:0), (80:20), (60:40), (40:60), that was offered ad libitum. Rice bran was added to all treatment at the level of 0.5% of bull weight per day. Increasing proportion of MVW in combination with CS ad libitum resulted in a significant increase (P<0.05) in DMI, DMD, ADG and IOFC of Bali bull supplemented with RB. Bali bulls received CS:MVW (100:0) ad libitum had the lowest total DMI,DMD, ADG and IOFC value, while at the similar parameters, Bali bulls treated with CS:MVW (40:60) ad libitum, showed the highest: It was concluded that MVW can be included as a basal diet up to 60% with high profitability for Bali cattle.
Effects of probiotic on growth and production of brown midrib sorghum mutant line (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) in ultisol
Authors: Sriagtula R , Aini Q , Mardhiyetti  , Yanti G 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study aims to observe the efficiency of probiotic inoculants on growth, soil fertility, and production of brown midrib (BMR) sorghum mutant lines. The experimental using a Randomized Block Design of four treatments and four blocks, P0: manure + (N, K, 0% P) + probiotic; P1: manure + (N, K, 50% P) + probiotic; P2: manure + (N, K, 75% P) + probiotic; P3: manure + (N, K, 100% P) without a probiotic (control). The dose of cow manure fertilizer is 10 tons/ha, and the doses of N, P, and K fertilizers are 120 kg/ha, 90 kg/ha, and 60 kg/ha, respectively, from urea, triple superphosphate (TSP), and potassium chloride (KCl). Parameters observed were plant morphology, biomass production, nutrient and fiber fraction content, and soil fertility. The treatment had no significant effect (P>0.05) on stem diameter, leaf length, and width, soil pH, fresh and DM production, the number of leaves, plant height, stem:leaf: panicle ratio, colony PSB, soil P-available, fiber and nutrient fractions of sorghum whole plant. The conclusion is that applying probiotics with lower phosphate fertilizer in sorghum cultivation produces growth, forage production, nutrition and fiber fraction content, and P-available and colony PSB, like 100% P fertilizer application. Probiotic bacteria could be applied as phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and reduce the application of P fertilizer on BMR sorghum in ultisol.
The utilization of High-Quality Feed Supplement (HQFS) in the complete feed on blood metabolites, hormone profiles, and reproductive performances of thin-tailed ewes
Authors: Rahmawati  , Bintara S , Yusiati LM , Agus A 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
High-Quality Feed Supplement (HQFS) is a feed supplement containing high energy, protein, minerals, and vitamins important for sheep reproduction. This study aimed to evaluate the utilization of HQFS in the complete of adult ewes using dried ipomea aquatica straw (DIAS). Fifteen Thin-Tailed Ewes aged two to three years with an average body weight of 32 ± 3.2 kg were divided into three treatment groups, with five ewes per treatment. All ewes received DIAS and concentrate. The concentrate comprised soybean meal, corn meal, pollard, and copra meal, having TDN 70% and crude protein 17%. Treatment (T1) as the control group, ewes received 0% HQFS + 60% concentrate + 40% DIAS, T2: ewes received 10% HQFS + 50% concentrate + 40% DIAS, while T3: ewes received 20% HQFS + 40% concentrate + 40% DIAS. Ewe was kept in individual pens of 1 x 2 meters. Feed was given 4% of body weight/day and drinking water was given ad libitum. The treatment feed was for three months, following which blood samples, synchronization, and mating. The parameters of blood metabolites (glucose, urea, protein, cholesterol), profiles of estrogen and progesterone, oestrus characteristics (onset, intensity, duration), pregnancy rate, and service/conception (S/C) were studied. Both treatment groups (T2, T3) have significantly lower S/C (1.25 vs. 1,00) and pregnancy rates (80 vs. 100%) compared to the control. Glucose and protein blood did not differ among the treatments, but cholesterol was highest in T2, while urea was lowest in T3. Substituting 10% HQFS significantly (P<0.05) increased estrogen (20.21 vs. 22.93 pg/ml) and progesterone (4.49 vs. 7.98 ng/ml) levels during the oestrus phase compared to the control. Utilization of HQFS significantly (P<0.05) accelerated the onset of oestrus compared to the control (22 vs.28 hours and 23 vs. 28 hours), but it might not yet improve the reproductive performances of Thin-Tail Ewes.
Productivity of two species of tree legume as sources forage on post-tin mining in Bangka island
Authors: Sajimin  , Harmini  , Fanindi A , Sutedi E , Herdiawan I 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLegume tree One of the crops that may function as a viable source of animal feed and be utilized for land reclamation on former mining sites. Ex-tin mining land, which is widely spread in Indonesia, has the potential to transform to productive agricultural land, as long as the land is given sufficient inputs through land rehabilitation. The legume tree has drought resistance, hence limiting its potential for development on many types of land, including post-tin mining areas in the Bangka Tengah District of Bangka Island. The objective of this research is to assess the adaptation of two legume tree species in post-tin mining environments. The research was completed throughout the period from 2017 to 2020. Experiments using Randomized block design (RBD) with two different species of treatments, were repeated a total of five times. Two species tested were (1)Leucaena leucocephalacv Taramba, and (2)Indigofera zollingeriana. Data growth and yield components are harvested every three months and yield is subjected to analysis using the Duncan test at a significance level of 5 %. The research result indicated that all of the tested two species of legume tree were well-adapted to post-tin mining in Bangka Tengah District, Bangka Island. The fresh yield ofL.leucocephalacv Taramba was higher (9.1 %) thanI.zollingerianabut the quality was similar, so the two species can be developed on post-tin mining areas as forage material for an animal in Central Bangka District, Bangka Island.
Response of Digestive Tract Size In Indonesian Native Chickens Fed Indigofera sp.
Authors: Dharmawan R , Parwati IA , Reza ZF , Suyasa IN , Atmoko BA 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The development of Balitbangtan native chicken through tractic feed is continually being advocated by the Indonesian government to enhance poultry protein consumption. Indigofera sp. is known for its flavonoid, tannin, and saponin content, which act as antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agents for chicken digestive tract. The study aimed to investigate the response of Balitbangtan chicken’s digestive tract size substituted with Indigofera sp. A total of 40 chickens were used in four treatments with five replications. The four treatments were T0 (25% concentrate + 35% rice bran + 40% maize); T1 (T0 with substitution of concentrate with 10% Indigofera sp. meal); T2 (T1 + 2cc/l Bio-B); and T3 (22% concentrate + 31.5% rice bran + 10% Indigofera sp. meal + 36.5% maize). The collection of digestive tracts was measured by unit/100g. Data were analyzed using ANOVA by SPSS 26. Overall, the treatments did not differ significouldtly in digestive tract size (p>0.05). Treatment T1 showed great size of crop, proventriculus, duodenum, jejunum, cecum, colon, and pancreas sizes compared to T0, T2, and T3. In conclusion, the substitution of 10% Indigofera sp. meal in T1 resulted the best response in Balitbangtan chicken’s digestive tract size.
Effect oral administration of saviotan feed on body temperature, HDL, LDL and total protein in Ulu chicks
Authors: Erwan E , Fitra D , Irawati E , Loh T C 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Currently, the using of tannins as secondary metabolites and active compounds is rising in animal production. The functions of tannins especially extracted from chestnut wood, namely Saviotan Feed (SF) in poultry, especially in Ulu chickens, have not yet been fully determined. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of orally administered SF on some plasma metabolites, including body temperature, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and total protein (TP) concentration. In the study, 40 unsexed Ulu chicks aged 7 days were divided into four groups with different doses orally administered of SF (0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3%). The body temperature of the chick was measured at 30, 60, and 120 min. At 120 min after oral administration, the blood samples were collected through the jugular vein, then centrifuges, and then plasma metabolites were analyzed. The results showed that no significant effect of SF on body temperature, LDL, and TP. However, it has a significant effect in increasing HDL concentration, especially SF at low levels. In conclusion, oral administration of SF increased HDL concentration, which is good for supporting health.
Marketing analysis and price transmission elasticity of beef cattle at Batang Kapas District, Pesisir Selatan Regency
Authors: Suresti A , Wati R , Sari T G 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study aims to determine the marketing channels and institutions, marketing functions, marketing margins, elasticity of price transmission and marketing efficiency of Pesisir cattle in Batang Kapas District. This research was conducted using the survey method. The data collected were primary and secondary data. Respondents were 60 farmers and 8 cattle traders. Data analysis used was descriptive qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results showed that there were three types of marketing channels in Batang Kapas Sub-district, South Pesisir Regency, consisting of: (1) farmers – collectors – wholesalers – consumers, (2) farmers – wholesalers – consumers, (3) farmers – collectors – consumers. The marketing functions carried out by collectors and wholesalers are almost the same, namely the exchange function includes buying and selling, the physical function includes transportation and storage, the facility function includes risk management, financing and market information, but wholesalers do not carry out the risk management sub-function. The marketing channel with the highest marketing margin is channel I at IDR 2,375,000/cattle. The price transmission elasticity of Pesisir cattle is 0.97. The smallest efficiency value is channel II at 2.54% and marketing channel I at 3.67% and channel III at 2.94%. Based on these results, it can be stated that the most efficient marketing channel is channel II.
Causes of panic selling in broiler farms in Malang raya
Authors: Sutanto A , Sahara H , Prihartini I , Widodo W , Rahayu I D , Sutawi  
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Broiler farmers in Malang Raya are not only faced with chicken performance targets that must be achieved. However, farmers are more faced with the powerlessness to determine prices and unpredictable market conditions. It was found that many intermediary traders were speculating to reduce the price of chicken at the farmer level, especially during a pandemic. Farmers experience panic selling by choosing to sell chickens below the Cost of Production (HPP) rather than delaying the harvest schedule. The imbalance between the production price and the sales price causes the farmers to suffer losses. An analysis of the factors causing panic selling was carried out to find out the root of the problem in order to create a solution for chicken price stability at the farmer level. This study used a descriptive research design through filling out questionnaires by 30 respondents. Data analysis used quantitative descriptive and Partial Least Square (PLS-SEM). The results showed that the factors causing panic selling in broiler farms in Malang Raya were internal factors (38.9%), demography (29.9%), the Covid-19 pandemic (15.3%) and external factors (0.6%). External factors were confirmed to significantly strengthen the influence of the Covid-19 pandemic on panic selling with a p-value of 0.035 and a path coefficient of 29.6%. In addition, internal factors were confirmed to significantly strengthen the influence of demography on panic selling with a p-value of 0.083 and a path coefficient of 23.2%. The biggest cause of panic selling is internal factor so that the selection of sapronak used and maintenance management determines the mortality rate of the chickens and the performance of the chickens produced. Because both of them determine the income earned by farmers as a motivation to remain wise in raising livestock.
In vivo study: The effects of Carica pubescens seed extract on the anthelmintic activity, feed digestibility, performance, and clinical parameters of thin-tailed sheep
Authors: Baihaqi Z A , Sofyan A , Suwignyo B , Angeles A A , Widiyono I , Nurcahyo W , Ibrahim A , Putri E M , Wulandari  
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This research serves to follow up on the results of an in vivo study of the administration of aqueous seed extract (ASE) of Carica pubescens waste on the performance and health parameters of thin-tailed sheep. This research was conducted at Al Baihaqi farm in Kediri, East Java. Thirty-two thin-tailed sheep aged 12 months were randomly given four treatments with P0 = negative control, P1 = 2.5% ASE, P2 = 5% ASE, and P4 = positive control (Albendazole). This study used sheep that were naturally exposed to Haemonchus contortus (from the farmer’s field) with the epg qualification being above 1000. The in vivo study was carried out for 9 weeks with the administration of Carica seed extract on the initial 7 days in a row, and the positive control was given Albendazole once on the seventh day. The number of ASE grants was based on the average fluid in the abomasum per kg of body weight. The feed design used in this study was wheat bran and Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott according to the livestock’s needs. The data taken in this study were the feed consumption, digestibility, average daily gain, percent fecal egg count reduction, body condition score, and clinical parameters. The results showed that the FECR, ADG, and clinical parameters (AST and ALT) (P>0.05) underwent significant changes to support good performance while the BUN, creatinine, feed consumption, and digestibility were normal. This study indicates that ASE of up to 5% can be used as an anthelmintic alternative and support the recovery of sheep performance.
Agro-technology for climate-smart agriculture and resilience to climate extremes in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Arenas-Calle Laura , Jennings Stewart , Challinor Andrew 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Agro-technologies such as irrigation and new crop varieties can reduce climate risk for agricultural production in sub-Sahara Africa (SSA). SSA has the highest maize yield gaps globally, despite its importance as a staple crop in the region. Reducing maize yield gaps is key to tackling food insecurity; however, closing yield gaps might imply an increased greenhouse gas (GHG) emission cost. Climate smart agriculture (CSA) seeks to minimise this cost whilst maximising productivity and resilience. One key element of CSA is resilience to extreme events, although this is rarely examined. Accordingly, we assess the climate smartness of contrasting agro-technology and climate scenarios to assess both resilience to extremes and the overall climate smartness of the scenarios. We use simulations from an existing integrated modelling framework for Malawi, Tanzania, and Zambia, centred on 2050. Four scenarios were examined, defined by combinations of high vs. low agro-technology adoption and high vs. low climate risk (RCP2.6 and RCP8.5). We calculated a climate smartness index (CSI) to the model outputs that quantify the trade-offs between greenhouse gas emissions and agricultural productivity. CSI scores showed that the increase in GHG emissions from improved agro-technology is compensated for the yield benefits. Agro-technology in SSA can therefore benefit the pillars of climate-smart agriculture, namely increased mitigation, adaptation, and productivity. Further, we show that improved maize varieties and irrigation can substantially reduce future yield shocks and enhance resilience to climate change extremes in SSA, pointing to best-bets for agro-technology adoption. Irrigation reduces mid-century yield shocks by 64% (RCP2.6) or 42% (RCP8.5). When combined with improved maize varieties, irrigation removes the majority of yield shocks (90%) in RCP8.5. We therefore conclude that: (i) irrigation has significant potential to increase resilience in SSA; and (ii) investment in strategies to improve crop varieties is critical if the benefits or irrigation are to be fully realized under an RCP8.5 future.
Anticholinergic Medication Burden and Cognitive Subtypes in Parkinson’s Disease without Dementia
Authors: Santos Lauren G , Kenney Lauren E , Ray Alyssa , Paredes Alfredo , Ratajska Adrianna M , Eversole Kara , Patel Bhavana , Rawls Ashley E , Okun Michael S , Bowers Dawn 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective
Cognitive changes are heterogeneous in Parkinson’s disease (PD). This study compared whether anticholinergic burden drives differences in cognitive domain performance and empirically-derived PD-cognitive phenotypes.

Method
A retrospective chart review contained participants (n = 493) who had idiopathic PD without dementia. Participants’ medications were scored (0–3) and summed based on the anticholinergic cognitive burden scale (ACBS). We examined the ACBS’ relationship to five cognitive domain composites (normative z-scores) and three (K-means clustering based) cognitive phenotypes: cognitively intact, low executive function (EF), and predominately impaired EF/memory. Analyses included Spearman correlations, analysis of covariance, and Pearson chi-squared test.

Results
Overall, phenotypes did not differ in anticholinergic burden, and (after false-discovery-rate corrections) no cognitive domains related. When comparing those above and below the clinically relevant ACBS cutoff (i.e., score ≥3), no significant phenotype or domain differences were found.

Conclusions
Anticholinergic medication usage did not drive cognitive performance in a large clinical sample of idiopathic PD without dementia.