bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuous Bupivacaine Infusion Post-Iliac Crest Bone Graft Harvesting in Pediatric Cleft Surgery: Role and Comparison with Ketorolac
Authors: Hayes J.A. , Forrest C.R. , Walsh W. , Pétroz G.C. , Adeli K. , Bissonnette B. 
Published: November 2010

Objective To investigate the use of intravenous ketorolac and iliac crest bupivacaine infusion in the management of iliac crest donor-site pain in the pediatric cleft population. The null hypothesis was there is no difference with respect to pain scores between ketorolac and iliac crest bupivacaine infusion as analgesic adjuncts to intravenous opioids. Method A total of 54 children and adolescents (27 boys, 27 girls) undergoing alveolar cleft repair or Le Fort I osteotomy were assigned randomly in a prospective, single-blinded fashion to one of three groups: intravenous ketorolac plus iliac crest normal saline infusion, intravenous ketorolac plus iliac crest bupivacaine infusion, or iliac crest bupivacaine infusion alone. Iliac crest infusions and ketorolac were administered for 48 hours or until discharge, whichever occurred first. All patients received morphine via a patient-controlled analgesia device. Main outcome Measure(s) Primary outcome was pain score, and secondary outcomes were morphine consumption and satisfaction scores. Results Pain scores, morphine consumption, and satisfaction scores were not significantly different among groups. Estimated costs were significantly higher for bupivacaine infusion than intravenous ketorolac. Conclusions Iliac crest donor-site pain is well managed in this patient population. Intravenous ketorolac and iliac crest bupivacaine infusion provide comparable analgesia for iliac crest bone graft donor-site pain in children and adolescents.
In Praise of Amateurism: A Friendly Critique of Moje's “Call for Change” in Secondary Literacy
Authors: Heller Rafael 
Published: November 2010

In an October 2008JAALCommentary, Moje took issue with the teaching of generic reading strategies in the middle and high school content areas. She argued for teachers to provide “disciplinary literacy” instruction, focusing on the specific kinds of reading and writing that go on in content areas. The present article concurs with that argument to a point. However, the author questions Moje's use of the termdisciplinaryto describe the kinds of instruction that content area teachers provide—or should provide—at the secondary level. Middle and high school students are better served, the author concludes, by learning to read, write, and argue using relatively nonspecialized language.[Notes. Find the original commentary by Elizabeth Moje, along with a link to an explanatory podcast, athttp:dx.doi.org10.1598JAAL.52.2.1. See also Moje's response to Heller in this issue athttp:dx.doi.org10.1598JAAL.54.4.5, and continuing discussion on Heller's blog athttp:literacyforamateurs.blogspot.com.]
Religion and Preferences for Redistributive Policies in an East Asian Country
Authors: Chang Wen‐Chun 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis paper investigates the role of religion in shaping people's preferences for redistributive policies in an East Asian country, where traditional values mostly stem from the beliefs of Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism that influence people's perceptions about the principles of social justice. Using data from Taiwan Social Change Survey of 2006, the findings from this study provide supportive evidence for the arguments of previous literature and offer some further distinct results. In particular, under the social and cultural context of an East Asian country, the linkages between religious affiliation and frequency of religious attendance and preferences for redistributive policies are different from what have been found in studies of Western Christian societies. Being Protestant leads to a more favorable attitude toward several social insurance and welfare programs in Taiwan, while Buddhists and Taoists tend to be more supportive of a government's role in providing health care and believers of folk religions are more favorable for the provision of financial help to students from low‐income families. By contrast, the frequency of religious attendance displays some negative relationships with preferences for redistributive policies. As an important part of traditional cultures, religion is influential to the cultivation and indoctrination of people's beliefs about fairness, social justice, and the legitimization of redistributive policies.
Effect of Lifetime Limits and Differences between TANF Leavers Who Had Reached Their Lifetime Limits and Those Who Had Exited Voluntarily
Authors: Lee Kyoung Hag 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis study explored different sociodemographic characteristics and differences of employment and income between TANF (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families Program) leavers who reached their lifetime limits and those who leave voluntarily. The study analyzed 656 TANF leavers from the 1999 and 2002 data of the National Survey of America's Family (NASF). Chi‐square and t‐test results indicated significant differences for age, health, EITC, childcare assistance, food stamp cut‐off, employment, and income between the two groups. Multiple regression results showed that TANF leavers who reached their lifetime limits were less likely than voluntary leavers to be employed and to have high family income. Implications suggest the increase in adoption of exemption or extension policies for lifetime limits and providing follow‐up services.
The U. S. System of Social Security: Emphatically Not a Ponzi Scheme
Authors: Skidmore Max J. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis article, written by PPP Editor‐In‐Chief Max J. Skidmore, references information from his and others' research, including quoted information taken from the Security and Exchange Commission's own website to disassociate the U.S. Social Security System from recent allegations that it is a kind of Ponzi or “Pyramid” scheme. It is pointed out that social insurance, unlike Ponzi programs, offers sustainable revenues for contributing patrons and not get‐rich‐quick scenarios.
An Evaluation of Well Ways, a Family Education Programme for Carers of People with a Mental Illness
Authors: Stephens Jessica R. , Farhall John , Farnan Sue , Ratcliff Kirk M. 
Published: November 2010

Objectives: Family education programmes aim to improve the well-being of carers of people with a mental illness. We evaluated the effectiveness of one such programme, Well Ways, in reducing negative care-giving consequences. Method: We employed a pre-post design to evaluate the effectiveness of Well Ways in a naturalistic setting using a sample of carers of people with a mental illness. The Involvement Evaluation Questionnaire, a measure of care-giving consequences including worrying, tension, urging and supervision, and incorporating the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), was completed by 459 carers before and after participation in Well Ways. Results: Participants’ worrying, tension, urging and distress (GHQ-12) were significantly lower following completion of the programme. These improvements were maintained at 3 and 6 month follow up. Carers of people with a psychotic disorder experienced significantly greater reductions in worrying than did other carers. Females reported significantly greater reductions in tension than did males. Conclusions: Findings indicated support for the effectiveness of the Well Ways programme in reducing negative care-giving consequences for families of people with a mental illness. Given the evidence of poor psychological health and negatively appraised family relationships observed at baseline, these findings highlight the need for programmes such as Well Ways.
Fault detection and diagnosis for continuous stirred tank reactor using neural network
Authors: Rahman Ribhan Zafira Abdul , Soh Azura Che , Muhammad Noor Fadzlina Binti 
Published: November 2010

The paper focuses on the application of neural network techniques in fault detection and diagnosis. The objective of this paper is to detect and diagnose the faults to a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). Fault detection is performed by using the error signals, where when error signal is zero or nearly zero, the system is in normal condition, and when the fault occurs, error signals should distinctively diverge from zero. The fault diagnosis is performed by identifying the amplitude error of the CSTR output error. Keywords: Fault Detection and Diagnosis; Neural Network; CSTR DOI: 10.3126/kuset.v6i2.4014Kathmandu University Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Vol.6. No II, November, 2010, pp.66-74
Creative Learning with Serious Games
Authors: Protopsaltis Aristides , Pannese Lucia , Hetzner Sonja , Pappa Dimitra , De Freitas Sara 
Published: November 2010

This paper, summarises the Creative Learning
with Serious Games workshop that took place in the Fun
and Games 2010 conference. The workshop discussed innovative
methodological approaches to Serious Games for
creative learning. A special emphasis was given to state-ofthe-
art research work and cross-discipline approaches (e.g.
the mix of Storytelling and Serious Games). In addition,
different case studies coming from very different European
(research) projects were presented and discussed with the
participants. Five papers were selected via a peer reviewed
process to be presented at the workshop. The authors presented
their work and demonstrated their applications during
the second part of the workshop.
Designing Effective Serious Games: Opportunities and Challenges for Research
Authors: Bellotti Francesco , Berta Riccardo , De Gloria Alessandro 
Published: November 2010

Serious Games represent an acknowledged potential for instruction, because they are able to strongly motivate learners. They can also provide immersive environments where advanced users can practice knowledge and skills, also exploiting multimodal interaction. They can combine the effectiveness of computer processing and data storage, with high levels of attractiveness. Our work has investigated the state of the art research on SGs, starting from the cognitive aspects, that are necessary in order to root technological development and applications in sound theoretical foundations. The paper discusses some key aspects about SG design and exploitation: choice of components-off-the-shelf or from-scratch design, tools and methodologies for development or adaptation, intelligent tutoring, virtual coaches and affective learning, living worlds, game mechanics, Human-Computer Interaction.
While several SGs have been developed, still the literature stresses a lack of significant, extensive user tests. Further research is necessary to investigate in greater detail the real effectiveness of the various types of SGs. The paper proposes several research questions - that range from requirements elicitation to design and from deployment to use and evaluation - to be answered in order to avoid technology pushing and drive technological research according to the requirements of the end-users and stakeholders.
We believe that deepening the analysis about these issues is key to strengthen the foundations of SG research, for which we identify four major directions: definition of metrics and learning progress evaluation tools; methodologies and tools for designing games from various topics and for various users; computing and communication architectures; technologies that can enhance the overall system performance.
Performances of Different Global Positioning System Devices for Time-Location Tracking in Air Pollution Epidemiological Studies
Authors: Wu Jun , Jiang Chengsheng , Liu Zhen , Houston Douglas , Jaimes Guillermo , McConnell Rob 
Published: November 2010

Background People's time-location patterns are important in air pollution exposure assessment because pollution levels may vary considerably by location. A growing number of studies are using global positioning systems (GPS) to track people's time-location patterns. Many portable GPS units that archive location are commercially available at a cost that makes their use feasible for epidemiological studies. Methods We evaluated the performance of five portable GPS data loggers and two GPS cell phones by examining positional accuracy in typical locations (indoor, outdoor, in-vehicle) and factors that influence satellite reception (building material, building type), acquisition time (cold and warm start), battery life, and adequacy of memory for data storage. We examined stationary locations (eg, indoor, outdoor) and mobile environments (eg, walking, traveling by vehicle or bus) and compared GPS locations to highly-resolved US Geological Survey (USGS) and Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangle (DOQQ) maps. Results The battery life of our tested instruments ranged from <9 hours to 48 hours. The acquisition of location time after startup ranged from a few seconds to >20 minutes and varied significantly by building structure type and by cold or warm start. No GPS device was found to have consistently superior performance with regard to spatial accuracy and signal loss. At fixed outdoor locations, 65%-95% of GPS points fell within 20-m of the corresponding DOQQ locations for all the devices. At fixed indoor locations, 50%-80% of GPS points fell within 20-m of the corresponding DOQQ locations for all the devices except one. Most of the GPS devices performed well during commuting on a freeway, with >80% of points within 10-m of the DOQQ route, but the performance was significantly impacted by surrounding structures on surface streets in highly urbanized areas. Conclusions All the tested GPS devices had limitations, but we identified several devices which showed promising performance for tracking subjects’ time location patterns in epidemiological studies.
Registers for networked medical research in Germany
Authors: Altmann U. , Antony G. , Drepper J. , Sax U. , Schütt A. , Stausberg J. 
Published: November 2010

Summary
Background: Several disease specific registers are operated by members of the ‘TMF – Technology, Methods, and Infrastructure for Networked Medical Research’, an umbrella organization of research networks in Germany.
Objective: To describe the coverage and the current state as well as financial and organizational issues of registers operated by member networks of the TMF, to identify their requirements and needs, and to recommend best practice models.
Methods: A survey with a self-completion questionnaire including all 55 TMF member networks was carried out in winter 2007/2008. Interviews focusing on technological issues were conducted and analyzed in summer 2009 with a convenience sample of 10 registers.
Results: From 55 TMF member networks, 11 provided information about 14 registers. Six registers address diseases of the circulatory system with more than 150,000 registered patients. The interviews revealed a typical setting of “research registers”. Research registers are an important mean to generate hypotheses for clinical research, to identify eligible patients, and to share data with clinical trials. Concerning technical solutions, we found a remarkable heterogeneity. The analysis of the most efficient registers revealed a structure with five levels as best practice model of register management: executive, operations, IT-management, software, hardware.
Conclusion: In the last ten years, the TMF member networks established disease specific registers in Germany mainly to support clinical research. The heterogeneity of organizational and technical solutions as well as deficits in register planning motivated the development of respective recommendations. The TMF will continue to assist the registers in quality improvement.
IT Infrastructure Components for Biobanking
Authors: Beck A. , Ganslandt T. , Hummel M. , Kiehntopf M. , Sax U. , Ückert F. , Semler S. , Prokosch H.U. 
Published: November 2010

Summary
Objective: Within translational research projects in the recent years large biobanks have been established, mostly supported by homegrown, proprietary software solutions. No general requirements for biobanking IT infrastructures have been published yet. This paper presents an exemplary biobanking IT architecture, a requirements specification for a biorepository management tool and exemplary illustrations of three major types of requirements.
Methods: We have pursued a comprehensive literature review for biobanking IT solutions and established an interdisciplinary expert panel for creating the requirements specification. The exemplary illustrations were derived from a requirements analysis within two university hospitals.
Results: The requirements specification comprises a catalog with more than 130 detailed requirements grouped into 3 major categories and 20 subcategories. Special attention is given to multitenancy capabilities in order to support the project-specific definition of varying research and bio-banking contexts, the definition of workflows to track sample processing, sample transportation and sample storage and the automated integration of preanalytic handling and storage robots.
Conclusion: IT support for biobanking projects can be based on a federated architectural framework comprising primary data sources for clinical annotations, a pseudonymization service, a clinical data warehouse with a flexible and user-friendly query interface and a biorepository management system. Flexibility and scalability of all such components are vital since large medical facilities such as university hospitals will have to support biobanking for varying monocentric and multicentric research scenarios and multiple medical clients.
Media violence, physical aggression, and relational aggression in school age children: a short‐term longitudinal study
Authors: Gentile Douglas A. , Coyne Sarah , Walsh David A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractMany studies have shown that media violence has an effect on children's subsequent aggression. This study expands upon previous research in three directions: (1) by examining several subtypes of aggression (verbal, relational, and physical), (2) by measuring media violence exposure (MVE) across three types of media, and (3) by measuring MVE and aggressive/prosocial behaviors at two points in time during the school year. In this study, 430 3rd−5th grade children, their peers, and their teachers were surveyed. Children's consumption of media violence early in the school year predicted higher verbally aggressive behavior, higher relationally aggressive behavior, higher physically aggressive behavior, and less prosocial behavior later in the school year. Additionally, these effects were mediated by hostile attribution bias. The findings are interpreted within the theoretical framework of the General Aggression Model. Aggr. Behav. 37:193–206, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
3D‐TEM Characterization of the Porosity in Nanoscaled Materials: Application to Catalysis
Authors: Florea Ileana , Roiban Lucian , Hirlimann Charles , Tihay Fanny , Pham‐Huu Cuong , Werckmann Jacques , Pham Charlotte , Nguyen Patrick , Drillon Marc , Ersen Ovidiu 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe present here a series of experiments performed by electron tomography with the main goal to investigate the 3D porous characteristics that can be encountered in the course of preparing micro‐ and mesoporous materials. The examples are chosen in order to illustrate the ability of this technique to furnish direct information of various natures: morphological, concerning the accessibility to a internal surface of a porous sample, as well as on the shape and 3D ordering of the cavities in a porous network. All these parameters are of prime importance in the catalysis field, since they govern the catalytic performances of the sample. The results underline the uniqueness and the benefits of this technique to provide relevant information on different types of porosities on a nanometer scale
Niobium Wires as Space Holder and Sintering Aid for Porous NiTi
Authors: Bansiddhi Ampika , Dunand David C. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWhen NiTi powder compacts containing Nb wires are heated above 1 170 °C, each Nb wire reacts with adjacent NiTi powders to form a eutectic liquid which wicks into the space between the remaining NiTi powders. This creates a macropore at the location of the Nb wire while eliminating the microporosity between NiTi powders which is filled with a NiTi/Nb eutectic phase after solidification. This novel method produces – in a single step and without applied pressure – a dense NiTi matrix with elongated pores suitable for shape memory or superelastic applications such as bone implants, dampeners and actuators.
Fabrication of Functionally Graded Carbon Nanotube‐Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composite
Authors: Kwon Hansang , Bradbury Christopher R. , Leparoux Marc 
Published: November 2010

AbstractFunctionally graded carbon nanotube (CNT)‐reinforced aluminum (Al) matrix composites have been successfully fabricated by a powder metallurgy route. The gradient layers containing different amounts of CNT additions showed different microstructures and hardness. Each layer demonstrated good adhesion, with no serious pores or microcracks. We controlled the characteristics of the bulk composite by the efficient design of each CNT gradient layer. The functionally graded material concept offers a feasible approach to fabricating Al‐CNT nanocomposites.
Biomimetic Synthesis, Hierarchical Assembly and Mechanical Properties of Calcite/Chitosan Composites in a Three‐Dimensional Chitosan Scaffold
Authors: Xiao Junwu , Yang Shihe 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBiominerals provide excellent mechanical properties for skeletal support and protection, rivaling and even outperforming those of many engineered ceramics fabricated at high temperatures and pressures. However, the mechanisms of biomineralization are still poorly understood. To make progress in this direction, here we study the crystallization of calcite (thermodynamically the most stable CaCO3 phase) from an amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) precursor inside a three‐dimensional insoluble chitosan scaffold. A hydrated ACC phase with complete disorder is found to first nucleate from citrate–calcium ion pairs and subsequently transform into stabilized ACC nanoparticles with a short‐range order of calcite, which then crystallize and grow into calcite nanocrystals via the transient ACC phase, instead of direct crystallization from the hydrated ACC precursor as reported previously. The calcite nanocrystals are aggregated and collectively oriented into rough rhombohedral calcite mesocrystals, and eventually evolve into smooth mesocrystals. Mechanical property characterizations of the novel bio‐inspired nanocomposites show a strong dependence on the content of the constituent inorganic nanocrystals. Furthermore, the reduced elastic modulus is closely related to the interfacial interaction strength between the inorganic nanocrystals and the organic matrix, whereas the hardness is dependent on the crystallinity of the constituent inorganic mesocrystals in the nanocomposites.