bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reference Values for Aerobic Fitness in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults Who Have Cerebral Palsy and Are Ambulatory
Authors: Verschuren Olaf , Bloemen Manon , Kruitwagen Cas , Takken Tim 
Published: June 2010

BackgroundVery few objective data exist regarding aerobic performance in young people with cerebral palsy (CP). The characterization of aerobic fitness could provide baseline and outcome measures for the rehabilitation of young people with CP.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to provide reference values for aerobic fitness in a group of children, adolescents, and young adults who had CP and who were classified at Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level I or II. Data were collected with 10-m shuttle run tests.DesignThis investigation was a cross-sectional observational study conducted between August 2008 and June 2009.MethodsReference values were established using data from a total of 306 children, adolescents, and young adults who had CP, who were 6 to 20 years old, and who were recruited from 26 rehabilitation centers in the Netherlands, Switzerland, Australia, Canada, and the United States. A total of 211 participants were classified at GMFCS level I (mean age=12.2 years, SD=3.0), and 95 were classified at GMFCS level II (mean age=12.4 years, SD=3.2); 181 were male, and 125 were female. Aerobic fitness was reflected by the level achieved on the 10-m shuttle run tests.ResultsOn the basis of a total of 306 assessments from the 10-m shuttle run tests, 4 reference curves were created.LimitationsThe limitation of this study is the cross-sectional nature of the design.ConclusionsThis study provided height-related reference values for aerobic fitness in children, adolescents, and young adults who had CP, who were 6 to 20 years old, and who were classified at GMFCS level I or II. Generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape were used to construct centile curves. These curves are clinically relevant and provide a user-friendly method for the prediction of aerobic fitness in young people with CP.
Comparison of Bioreplaceable Interposition Arthroplasty with Metatarsal Head Resection of the Rheumatoid Forefoot
Authors: Tiihonen Raine , Skyttä Eerik T , Ikävälko Mikko , Kalevi Kaarela , Eero Belt 
Published: June 2010

Background: Interposition arthroplasty with bioreplaceable poly-L/D-lactic acid (PLDLA) implants has been studied in Finland with promising results in reconstruction of the rheumatoid hand. We evaluated this material in a series of patients with rheumatoid forefoot deformities. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five patients were randomized to either PLDLA metatarsophalangeal joint interposition arthroplasty group (16 patients) or to conventional metatarsal head resection group (19 patients). Results: At 3 months after surgery, the function VAS was significantly better in the control group ( p = 0.003). The difference disappeared by 12 months. Otherwise, comparison between the two groups did not reveal any statistically significant differences in the AOFAS scores or the pain VAS at 3 or 12 months. Conclusion: Early results after PLDLA interposition arthroplasty of metatarsophalangeal joints were not as promising as previously reported with rheumatoid metacarpophalangeal reconstruction. Level of Evidence: II, Prospective Randomized Trial
Tibiocalcaneal Arthrodesis with Posterior Blade Plate in Diabetic Neuroarthropthy
Authors: Çinar Murat , Derincek Alihan , Akpinar Sercan 
Published: June 2010

Background: To prevent amputation, achieving successfull ankle artrodesis in diabetic Charcot arthropaty patients is very important. As a salvage procedure, we have used a 95-degree-angled blade plate via a posterior approach to achieve tibiocalcaneal arthrodesis. Materials and Methods: Between 2006 and 2008, four diabetic patients with hindfoot Charcot arthropathy underwent talectomy and tibiocalcaneal arthrodesis with an AO 95-degree-angled blade plate via a posterior approach. Two of the patients were male and two were female. The average age was 63 (range, 53 to 70) years. The mean duration of diabetes was 9 (range, 5 to 20) years. All the patients were on hemodialysis. Three of four patients had undergone previous surgeries. The average followup period was 24 (range, 12 to 35) months. Results: Clinical and radiographic fusion was present by 5 (range, 3 to 6) months in three of four patients. In the other patient, a stable fibrous ankylosis was achieved. Clinical outcomes were excellent in three patients, and good in one patient. Conclusion: The performance of tibiocalcaneal arthrodesis with the use of blade plate with a posterior approach was a safe and successful surgical method for the treatment of Charcot ankle. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Case Series
The Corrosion Behavior of Sputter-Deposited Nanocrystalline W-Cr Alloys in Nacl and NaohaSolutions
Authors: Basnet Minu , Bhattarai Jagadeesh 
Published: June 2010

The corrosion behavior of the sputter-deposited nanocrystalline W-Cr alloys wasstudied in 0.5 M NaCl and alkaline 1 M NaOH solutions at 25°C, open to air usingimmersion tests and electrochemical measurements. Chromium metal acts synergisticallywith tungsten in enhancing the corrosion resistance of the sputter-deposited W-Cr alloys soas to show higher corrosion resistance than those of alloy-constituting elements in both 0.5M NaCl and 1 M NaOH solutions. In particular, the nanocrystalline W-Cr alloys containing25-91 at% chromium showed about one order of magnitude lower corrosion rates (that is,about 1-2 × 10-3 mm.y-1) than those of tungsten and chromium metals even for prolongedimmersion in 0.5 M NaCl solution at 25°C. On the other hand, the corrosion rate of thesputter-deposited W-Cr alloys containing 25-75 at % chromium was decreased significantlywith increasing chromium content and showed lowest corrosion rates (that is, 1.5-2.0 × 10-3 mm.y-1) after immersed for prolonged immersion in 1 M NaOH solution. The corrosion ratesof these nanocrystalline W-(25-75)Cr alloys are nearly two orders of magnitude lower thanthat of tungsten and more than one order of magnitude lower corrosion rate than that ofsputter-deposited chromium metal in 1 M NaOH solution. The corrosion-resistant of all theexamined sputter-deposited W-Cr alloys in 0.5 M NaCl solution is higher than in alkaline 1M NaOH solution at 25°C. Open circuit potentials of all the examined W-Cr alloys areshifted to more noble direction with increasing the chromium content in the alloys afterimmersion for 72 h in both 0.5 M NaCl and 1 M NaOH solutions at 25°C, open to air.Keywords: Sputter deposition, nanocrystalline W-Cr alloys, corrosion test, electrochemicalmeasurement, NaCl and NaOH solutions.DOI: 10.3126/jncs.v25i0.3300Journal of Nepal Chemical Society Volume 25, 2010 pp 53-61
Deexcitation Probabilities of Ne(<sup>3</sup>P</sub>2</sub>) by Xe for the Case E &lt;&lt; D
Authors: Khadka Deba Bahadur 
Published: June 2010

The deexcitaion probability calculation of the total Penning ionization cross sectionfor Ne(3P2) by Xe has been made in the region of the collisional energy from 18.5 to 38.1meV. The experimental cross sections have been compared with the deexcitation probabilityfor Ne(3P2) by Xe. Considering the magnitude of the mean collisional energy with respect toD, the application of the analysis in the case E >> D is expected to be more appropriatethan in the case E << D. For further insight into this results, it is also of great importanceto evaluate theoretical investigations of Ne(3P2) by Xe for the case E >> D.Keywords: Metastable atoms, deexcitation probabilities, pulse radiolysis, collisionalenergy, potential well depthDOI: 10.3126/jncs.v25i0.3304Journal of Nepal Chemical Society Volume 25, 2010 pp 70-74
Effects of Alloying Elements on the Corrosion Behavior of Sputter–deposited Zr–(12–21)Cr–W Alloys in 0.5 M NaCl Solution
Authors: Aryal Basu Ram , Bhattarai Jagadeesh 
Published: June 2010

The synergistic effect of the simultaneous additions of tungsten and zirconium in thesputter-deposited amorphous or nanocrystalline Zr-(12-21)Cr-W alloys is studied in 0.5 MNaCl solution open to air at 25°C using corrosion tests and open circuit potentialmeasurements. Corrosion rates of the sputter-deposited Zr-(12-21)Cr-W alloys containing10-80 at % tungsten (that is, 0.95-1.85 x 10-2 mm.y-1) are more than one order of magnitudelower than that of the sputter-deposited tungsten and even lower than those of zirconium aswell as chromium in 0.5 M NaCl solution. The addition of 8-73 at % zirconium content inthe sputter-deposited binary W-(12-21)Cr alloys seems to be more effective to improve thecorrosion-resistant properties of the sputter-deposited ternary Zr-Cr-W alloys containing12-21 at % chromium in 0.5 M NaCl solution. The sputter-deposited Zr-(17-21)Cr-W alloyscontaining an adequate amounts of zirconium metal showed the more stable passivity andshowed higher corrosion resistance than those of alloy-constituting elements in 0.5 M NaClsolution open to air at 25°C.Keywords: Zr-(12-21)Cr-W alloys, sputter deposition, corrosion test, open circuit potential,0.5 M NaCl.DOI: 10.3126/jncs.v25i0.3305Journal of Nepal Chemical Society Volume 25, 2010 pp 75-82
Stereotactic lesions for the treatment of psychiatric disorders
Authors: Leiphart James W. , Valone Frank H. 
Published: June 2010

Object
The use of deep brain stimulation (DBS) has recently been expanded to the investigational treatment of specific psychiatric disorders. Much like movement disorders, the targets selected for DBS are based on past experience with stereotactic lesions. A literature review of past studies incorporating stereotactic lesions for psychiatric disorders was performed to provide historical context and possible guidance for current and future attempts at treating psychiatric disorders with DBS.

Methods
Original copies of the proceedings of the second, third, fourth, and fifth World Congresses of Psychiatric Surgery meetings were reviewed, and a Medline search was conducted for studies with the word “psychosurgery” and each of 14 highly prevalent psychiatric conditions identified by the National Institute of Mental Health. Postoperative results for 1145 patients with stereotactic brain lesions targeting various anatomical foci were standardized using a 5-point scale (3 [free of symptoms] to −1 [worse]). Each patient was entered into a database as a unique data point and used for this literature review.

Results
General anxiety disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder had the greatest reported improvements from anterior capsulotomy, and bipolar disorder, depression, and schizoaffective disorder had the greatest reported improvements from anterior cingulotomy, supporting these areas for DBS investigation. Addiction and schizophrenia showed the least improvement from surgery. Therefore, pursuing the treatment of these disorders with DBS using the targets in these studies may be ineffective.

Conclusions
This study provides retrospective data that suggest which anatomical focus may be effective to lesion or stimulate for the treatment of each of several psychiatric disorders.
Nonthermal irreversible electroporation for intracranial surgical applications
Authors: Ellis Thomas L. , Garcia Paulo A. , Rossmeisl John H. , Henao-Guerrero Natalia , Robertson John , Davalos Rafael V. 
Published: June 2010

Object
Nonthermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) is a novel, minimally invasive technique to treat cancer, which is unique because of its nonthermal mechanism of tumor ablation. This paper evaluates the safety of an NTIRE procedure to lesion normal canine brain tissue.

Methods
The NTIRE procedure involved placing electrodes into a targeted area of brain in 3 dogs and delivering a series of short and intense electric pulses. The voltages of the pulses applied were varied between dogs. Another dog was used as a sham control. One additional dog was treated at an extreme voltage to determine the upper safety limits of the procedure. Ultrasonography was used at the time of the procedure to determine if the lesions could be visualized intraoperatively. The volumes of ablated tissue were then estimated on postprocedure MR imaging. Histological brain sections were then analyzed to evaluate the lesions produced.

Results
The animals tolerated the procedure with no apparent complications except for the animal that was treated at the upper voltage limit. The lesion volume appeared to decrease with decreasing voltage of applied pulses. Histological examination revealed cell death within the treated volume with a submillimeter transition zone between necrotic and normal brain.

Conclusions
The authors' results reveal that NTIRE at selected voltages can be safely administered in normal canine brain and that the volume of ablated tissue correlates with the voltage of the applied pulses. This preliminary study is the first step toward using NTIRE as a brain cancer treatment.
A retrospective cohort-matched comparison of conscious sedation versus general anesthesia for supratentorial glioma resection
Authors: Peruzzi Pierpaolo , Bergese Sergio D. , Viloria Adolfo , Puente Erika G. , Abdel-Rasoul Mahmoud , Chiocca E. Antonio 
Published: June 2010

Object
Glioma resection under conscious (“awake”) sedation (CS) is used for eloquent areas of the brain to minimize postoperative neurological deficits. The objective of this study was to compare the duration of hospital stay, overall hospital cost, perioperative morbidity, and postoperative patient functional status in patients whose gliomas were resected using CS versus general endotracheal anesthesia (GEA).

Methods
Twenty-two cases in 20 patients who underwent surgery for cerebral gliomas under CS and a matched cohort of 22 cases in 19 patients who underwent surgery under GEA over a 3-year period were retrospectively evaluated. Criteria for inclusion in the study were as follows: 1) a single cerebral lesion; 2) gross-total resection as evidenced by postoperative Gd-enhanced MR imaging within 48 hours of surgery; 3) a WHO Grade II, III, or IV glioma; 4) a supratentorial lesion location; 5) a Karnofsky Performance Scale score ≥ 70; 6) an operation performed by the same neurosurgeon; and 7) an elective procedure.

Results
The average hospital stay was significantly different between the 2 groups: 3.5 days for patients who underwent CS and 4.6 days for those who underwent GEA. This result translated into a significant decrease in the average inpatient cost after intensive care unit (ICU) care for the CS group compared with the GEA group. Other variables were not significantly different.

Conclusions
Patients undergoing glioma resection using CS techniques have a significantly shorter hospital stay with reduced inpatient hospital expenses after postoperative ICU care.
Discordant PD Catheter and Effluent Culture Results. The Limited Clinical Relevance of Culturing PD Catheters
Authors: Cornelis Tom , Bargman Joanne M. , Chu Maggie , Oreopoulos Antigone , Khan Saimah , Oreopoulos Dimitrios G. 
Published: June 2010

Objectives To determine if discordance in culture results between the effluent and the tip of the peritoneal catheter had an effect on outcome in patients whose peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter was removed mostly for nonresolving peritonitis. Reasons for and outcomes of PD catheter removal were also analyzed. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the charts of all PD patients with recent peritonitis for which the PD catheter was removed between 1 January 2003 and 30 April 2009. Data including basic demographics, the organism isolated from effluent and from the PD catheter, reason for catheter removal, duration of hospitalization, and development of intra-abdominal collection were extracted as well as mortality within 8 weeks post removal and return to PD after catheter removal. Results Fungal peritonitis was the most common reason for PD catheter removal. 20% of the patients developed an intra-abdominal collection. Mortality related to PD catheter removal was low (3/53; 5.6%). The patients ( n =53) were divided into 3 groups: group 1 ( n = 20) had the same culture result of effluent and catheter tip; group 2 ( n = 19) had a negative culture of the catheter tip; and group 3 ( n = 14) had different organism(s) growing from effluent and catheter tip. We found no remarkable differences in duration of PD, catheter age, peritonitis rate, or mortality. Patients in group 1 had significantly more fungal peritonitis than the other 2 groups. In only 4 of the 53 patients (7.5%), the anti-infectious management was changed according to the catheter culture result. Conclusions Discordant results between catheter tip culture and effluent culture did not have a significant impact on patient outcome. Sending PD catheters for culture has limited clinical importance.
Newborn Screening for 6 Lysosomal Storage Disorders in China
Authors: Chang Siyu , Zhan Xia , Liu Yuchao , Song Huanlei , Gong Zizhen , Han Lianshu , Maegawa Gustavo H. B. , Gu Xuefan , Zhang Huiwen 
Published: May 2024

ImportanceNewborn screening (NBS) for lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) is becoming an increasing concern in public health. However, the birth prevalence of these disorders is rarely reported in the Chinese population, and subclinical forms of diseases among patients identified by NBS have not been evaluated.ObjectiveTo evaluate the birth prevalence of the 6 LSDs in the Shanghai population and determine subclinical forms based on clinical, biochemical, and genetic characteristics.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study included 50 108 newborns recruited from 41 hospitals in Shanghai between January and December 2021 who were screened for 6 LSDs using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Participants with screen-positive results underwent molecular and biochemical tests and clinical assessments. Data were analyzed from January 2021 through October 2022.ExposuresAll participants were screened for Gaucher, acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD), Krabbe, mucopolysaccharidosis type I, Fabry, and Pompe diseases using dried blood spots.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrimary outcomes were the birth prevalence and subclinical forms of the 6 LSDs in the Shanghai population. Disease biomarker measurements, genetic testing, and clinical analysis were used to assess clinical forms of LSDs screened.ResultsAmong 50 108 newborns (26 036 male [52.0%]; mean [SD] gestational age, 38.8 [1.6] weeks), the mean (SD) birth weight was 3257 (487) g. The MS/MS-based NBS identified 353 newborns who were positive. Of these, 27 newborns (7.7%) were diagnosed with 1 of 6 LSDs screened, including 2 newborns with Gaucher, 5 newborns with ASMD, 9 newborns with Krabbe, 8 newborns with Fabry, and 3 newborns with Pompe disease. The combined birth prevalence of LSDs in Shanghai was 1 diagnosis in 1856 live births, with Krabbe disease the most common (1 diagnosis/5568 live births), followed by Fabry disease (1 diagnosis/6264 live births), and ASMD (1 diagnosis/10 022 live births). Biochemical, molecular, and clinical analysis showed that early-onset clinical forms accounted for 3 newborns with positive results (11.1%), while later-onset forms represented nearly 90% of diagnoses (24 newborns [88.9%]).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, the combined birth prevalence of the 6 LSDs in Shanghai was remarkably high. MS/MS-based newborn screening, combined with biochemical and molecular genetic analysis, successfully identified and characterized newborns who were screen-positive, which may assist with parental counseling and management decisions.
Telehealth Expansion and Medicare Beneficiaries’ Care Quality and Access
Authors: Saharkhiz Morteza , Rao Tanvi , Parker-Lue Sara , Borelli Sara , Johnson Karin , Cataife Guido 
Published: May 2024

ImportanceUnderstanding the association of telehealth use with health care outcomes is fundamental to determining whether telehealth waivers implemented during the COVID-19 public health emergency should be made permanent. The current literature has yielded inconclusive findings owing to its focus on select states, practices, or health care systems.ObjectiveTo estimate the association of telehealth use with outcomes for all Medicare fee-for-service (FFS) beneficiaries by comparing hospital service areas (HSAs) with different levels of telehealth use.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis US population-based, retrospective cohort study was conducted from July 2022 to April 2023. Participants included Medicare claims of beneficiaries attributed to HSAs with FFS enrollment in Parts A and B.ExposuresLow, medium, or high tercile of telehealth use created by ranking HSAs according to the number of telehealth visits per 1000 beneficiaries.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcomes were quality (ambulatory care–sensitive [ACS] hospitalizations and emergency department [ED] visits per 1000 FFS beneficiaries), access to care (clinician encounters per FFS beneficiary), and cost (total cost of care for Part A and/or B services per FFS Medicare beneficiary) determined with a difference-in-difference analysis.ResultsIn this cohort study of claims from approximately 30 million Medicare beneficiaries (mean [SD] age in 2019, 71.04 [1.67] years; mean [SD] percentage female in 2019, 53.83% [2.14%]) within 3436 HSAs, between the second half of 2019 and the second half of 2021, mean ACS hospitalizations and ED visits declined sharply, mean clinician encounters per beneficiary declined slightly, and mean total cost of care per beneficiary per semester increased slightly. Compared with the low group, the high group had more ACS hospitalizations (1.63 additional hospitalizations per 1000 beneficiaries; 95% CI, 1.03-2.22 hospitalizations), more clinician encounters (0.30 additional encounters per beneficiary per semester; 95% CI, 0.23-0.38 encounters), and higher total cost of care ($164.99 higher cost per beneficiary per semester; 95% CI, $101.03-$228.96). There was no statistically significant difference in ACS ED visits between the low and high groups.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of Medicare beneficiaries across all 3436 HSAs, high levels of telehealth use were associated with more clinician encounters, more ACS hospitalizations, and higher total health care costs. COVID-19 cases were still high during the period of study, which suggests that these findings partially reflect a higher capacity for providing health services in HSAs with higher telehealth intensity than other HSAs.