bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Omega-3 Fatty Acid-Derived Mediators 17(R)-Hydroxy Docosahexaenoic Acid, Aspirin-Triggered Resolvin D1 and Resolvin D2 Prevent Experimental Colitis in Mice
Authors: Bento Allisson Freire , Claudino Rafaela Franco , Dutra Rafael Cypriano , Marcon Rodrigo , Calixto João B. 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Resolvins of the D series are generated from docosahexaenoic acid, which are enriched in fish oils and are believed to exert beneficial roles on diverse inflammatory disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of the aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 (AT-RvD1), its precursor (17(R)-hydroxy docosahexaenoic acid [17R-HDHA]) and resolvin D2 (RvD2) in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)- or 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis. Our results showed that the systemic treatment with AT-RvD1, RvD2, or 17R-HDHA in a nanogram range greatly improved disease activity index, body weight loss, colonic damage, and polymorphonuclear infiltration in both colitis experimental models. Moreover, these treatments reduced colonic cytokine levels for TNF-α, IL-1β, MIP-2, and CXCL1/KC, as well as mRNA expression of NF-κB and the adhesion molecules VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and LFA-1. Furthermore, AT-RvD1, but not RvD2 or 17R-HDHA, depended on lipoxin A4 receptor (ALX) activation to inhibit IL-6, MCP-1, IFN-γ, and TNF-α levels in bone marrow-derived macrophages stimulated with LPS. Similarly, ALX blockade reversed the beneficial effects of AT-RvD1 in DSS-induced colitis. To our knowledge, our findings showed for the first time the anti-inflammatory effects of resolvins of the D series and precursor 17R-HDHA in preventing experimental colitis. We also demonstrated the relevant role exerted by ALX activation on proresolving action of AT-RvD1. Moreover, AT-RvD1 showed a higher potency than 17R-HDHA and RvD2 in preventing DSS-induced colitis. The results suggest that these lipid mediators possess a greater efficacy when compared with other currently used IBD therapies, such as monoclonal anti-TNF, and have the potential to be used for treating IBD.
Eigenvalue Approach to Even Order System Periodic Boundary Value Problems
Authors: Kong Qingkai , Wang Min 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe study an even order systemboundary value problemwith periodic boundary conditions. By establishing the existence of a positive eigenvalue of an associated linear system Sturm-Liouville problem, we obtain new conditions for the boundary value problem to have a positive solution. Our major tools are the Krein-Rutman theorem for linear spectra and the fixed point index theory for compact operators
Wii Health: A Preliminary Study of the Health and Wellness Benefits of Wii Fit on University Students
Authors: Jacobs Karen , Zhu Linda , Dawes Monique , Franco Jessie , Huggins Alison , Igari Cancha , Ranta Becky , Umez-Eronini Amarachi 
Published: July 2011

Objective: The aim of this preliminary study was to determine the effectiveness of the Nintendo Wii Fit as an occupation to promote weight loss in undergraduate students. Participants: Five first-year female students living on campus at a northeastern university in the United States were recruited to participate in this study. Method: An A-B single subject design was created where participants were separated into three groups: a typical activity group and two Wii conditions (Wii Fit individually and Wii Fit with another participant). In all conditions, participants recorded their daily food intake and daily number of steps using a pedometer. Body mass index (BMI) and weight were recorded at baseline, at 6 weeks and at 12 weeks (the conclusion of the intervention). At baseline and 12 weeks, motivation and activity level were measured. Results: There was a significant change in BMI, weight and motivation for participants in the singles group. Conclusion: Although the sample size was very small, the results of this preliminary study suggest that the Wii Fit should be considered by occupational therapists as a potential occupation of weight control in undergraduate students when performed individually.
Mindfulness Training for Occupational Therapy Students
Authors: Stew Graham 
Published: July 2011

Introduction: This article describes the experiences of occupational therapy students over the course of three mindfulness programmes, designed to support them in managing stress in their personal and professional lives. Method: Hermeneutic phenomenology was used to explore the experiences and perceptions of 20 students undertaking these introductory programmes of mindfulness. Data were collected through interviews, questionnaires and emails. Findings: Five themes are presented to demonstrate the effects of mindfulness on students' personal lives, academic work and practice placements. Obstacles to mindfulness practice were found, alongside evidence of benefits in enhanced self-awareness and insight into habitual thought patterns. Techniques for managing stressful situations were used successfully. Conclusion: Implications arising from the study are discussed, including the potential for the future inclusion of mindfulness training within the occupational therapy curriculum.
Mobile Ferroelastic Domain Walls in Nanocrystalline PZT Films: the Direct Piezoelectric Effect
Authors: Zednik Ricardo J. , Varatharajan Anbusathaiah , Oliver Mark , Valanoor Nagarajan , McIntyre Paul C. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractFerroelastic (90°) domain wall motion occurs readily in bulk samples of displacive ferroelectrics such as Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT), dictating critical piezoelectric, dielectric, and polarization switching properties. Many prior studies have used converse piezoelectric measurements to probe the dynamics of ferroelastic domains in thin films; however, such experiments are strongly influenced by the mechanical clamping effect of the substrate, which inhibits electric field‐induced 90° domain wall motion. Nevertheless, these observations raise a tantalizing question: Does the application of mechanical stress, rather than electric field, result in an entirely different response in thin films? Here we report biaxial stress‐driven crystallographic reorientation of (100)/(001) textured, 70 nm thick Pb(Zr0.25Ti0.75)O3 films via 90° domain wall motion, measured in situ by both x‐ray diffraction and piezoforce microscopy. Visual evidence of nanoscale mechanisms that underlie the direct piezoelectric effect is shown. Mobile 90° domain walls effect complete orientation switching in the grains in which they operate, without apparent wall pinning, indicating that bulk‐like ferroelastic behavior can extend to nanocrystalline films in the absence of substrate clamping.
Bis(metallo) Capsules Based on Two Ionic Diphosphines
Authors: Koblenz Tehila S. , Dekker ing. Henk L. , de Koster Chris G. , van Leeuwen Piet W. N. M. , Reek Joost N. H. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractSelf‐assembly and characterization of heterodimeric diphosphine capsules formed by multiple ionic interactions are described. The first type of capsules is composed of one novel tetrasulfonato‐xantphos ligand and one complementary tetraammonium calix[4]arene. Encapsulation of a transition metal is achieved by self‐assembly of a rhodium complex containing the tetraanionic diphosphine ligand and a tetracationic calix[4]arene. The second type of capsules is composed of two oppositely charged diphosphine ligands: one tetrasulfonato‐xantphos and one tetraammonium‐diphosphine (of the xantphos‐, DPEphos‐, and 1,2‐bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane (dppe)‐type). Bis(metallo) capsules, that is, simultaneous encapsulation of two different transition metals, are created by self‐assembly of a palladium or platinum complex containing a tetracationic ligand and a rhodium complex containing a tetraanionic ligand. Diphosphine ligands with different flexibilities and shapes assemble into metallocapsules with a proper capsular structure, as is indicated by 1H NMR and 1D‐NOESY spectroscopy, ESIMS, and modeling studies.
“Design” of Boron‐Based Compounds as Pro‐Nucleophiles and Co‐Catalysts for Indium(I)‐Catalyzed Allyl Transfer to Various Csp3‐Type Electrophiles
Authors: Dao Hai Thanh , Schneider Uwe , Kobayashi Shū 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe have recently uncovered a general indium(I)‐catalyzed method for allylations and propargylation of acetals and ketals with a water‐ and air‐stable allyl boronate. By using a more reactive allyl borane, we have successfully extended this methodology to the more challenging CC coupling with ethers. Herein, we report an improved methodology for the indium(I)‐catalyzed allylation of acetals and ethers, through combination of the allyl boronate with a commercially available “hard” Lewis acid, B‐methoxy‐9‐BBN (BBN=borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane), as an effective co‐catalyst. Significantly, our work highlights for the first time the correlation between the Lewis acidity of “electrophilic” boron‐based compounds and their “nucleophilic” reactivity in Csp3–Csp3 couplings, catalyzed by a “soft” low‐oxidation main group metal. In addition, we also report several applications of these methodologies to the selective synthesis of various carbohydrate derivatives.
Ungeregelte Fugenabdichtungen in WU‐Betonkonstruktionen
Authors: Hornig Ute 
Published: July 2011

AbstractFür die Abdichtung von Fugen in wasserundurchlässigen (WU) Betonkonstruktionen stehen neben den seit vielen Jahren bewährten genormten Fugenabdichtungssystemen in zunehmendem Umfang alternative Systeme zur Verfügung. Für diese ist ein allgemeines bauaufsichtliches Prüfzeugnis als Verwendbarkeitsnachweis erforderlich. Der nachfolgende Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über prinzipielle Einsatzmöglichkeiten, Besonderheiten einzelner Produktgruppen, zu beachtende Randbedingungen sowie eine baurechtliche Einordnung der ungeregelten Fugenabdichtungen.Unregulated joint seals in concrete constructions impermeable to waterThere are not only the standardised joint seal systems that have proven their worth in sealing joints in concrete constructions impermeable to water for many years. Increasingly, there are alternative systems available, although they require a general building supervisory test certificate as usability documentation. The article below provides a cross‐section of the basic types of applications, the particular characteristics of specific product groups, any constraints to be taken into consideration and a classification of the unregulated joint seal in terms of building law.
One‐pot Green Procedure for Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzo[a]xanthene‐11‐one Catalyzed by Brønsted Ionic Liquids under Solvent‐free Conditions
Authors: Zakeri Masoumeh , Heravi Majid M. , Saeedi Mina , Karimi Narges , Oskooie Hossein A. , Tavakoli‐Hoseini Niloofar 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAn efficient one‐pot condensation of β‐naphthol, aldehydes and cyclic 1,3‐dicarbonyl compound has been achieved with ionic liquids as catalyst, thus a variety of 8,9,10,12‐tetrahydrobenzo[a]xanthen‐11‐one derivatives were prepared in good yields. The present approach offers several advantages such as shorter reaction times, good yields and mild reaction conditions.
Cyclopalladated Ferrocenylimine Catalyzed Chlorination of 2‐Arylbenzoxazoles
Authors: Leng Yuting , Yang Fan , Wu Yangjie , Li Ke 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAn efficient and facile protocol for palladacycle‐catalyzed chlorination of 2‐arylbenzoxazoles was developed. The results represent the first examples involving the palladacycle as the catalyst for such chlorination. This chlorination was not a ligand‐directed ortho‐CH activation, but an electrophilic substitution process at the para‐position of the nitrogen atom in the benzo ring of benzoxazole moiety, the regiochemistry of which had been confirmed by HMBC spectral analysis. The catalytic system could tolerate various halogen atoms, such as F, Cl and Br, affording the corresponding products in moderate to excellent yields.
Signal‐Enhanced Amperometric Immunosensor Based on Ferrocene‐Branched Poly(allylamine)/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Redox‐Active Composite
Authors: Qiu Jian‐Ding , Huang He , Liang Ru‐Ping 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA signal‐enhanced immunosensor has been developed by self‐assembling Au NPs onto a ferrocene‐branched poly(allylamine)/multiwalled carbon nanotubes (PAA‐Fc/MWNTs) modified electrode for the sensitive determination of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) as a model protein. The formation of PAA‐Fc/MWNTs composite not only effectively avoided the leakage of Fc and retained its electrochemical activity, but also enhanced the conductivity and charge‐transport properties of the composite. Further adsorption of Au NPs into the PAA matrix provided both the interactive sites for the immobilization of hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) and a favorable microenvironment to maintain its activity. Tests performed with this immunosensor showed a specific response to HBsAg in the range of 0.1–350.0 ng mL−1 with a detection limit of 0.03 ng mL−1.
Measures of genotoxicity in Gulf war I veterans exposed to depleted uranium
Authors: McDiarmid Melissa A. , Albertini Richard J. , Tucker James D. , Vacek Pamela M. , Carter Elizabeth W. , Bakhmutsky Marina V. , Oliver Marc S. , Engelhardt Susan M. , Squibb Katherine S. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractExposure to depleted uranium (DU), an alpha‐emitting heavy metal, has prompted the inclusion of markers of genotoxicity in the long‐term medical surveillance of a cohort of DU‐exposed Gulf War veterans followed since 1994. Using urine U (uU) concentration as the measure of U body burden, the cohort has been stratified into low‐u (<0.10 μg U/g creatinine) and high‐u groups (≥0.10 μg U/g creatinine). Surveillance outcomes for this cohort have historically included markers of mutagenicity and clastogenicity, with past results showing generally nonsignificant differences between low‐ vs. high‐U groups. However, mean hypoxanthine‐guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) mutant frequencies (MFs) have been almost 50% higher in the high‐U group. We report here results of a more comprehensive protocol performed in a 2009 evaluation of a subgroup (N = 35) of this cohort. Four biomarkers of genotoxicity [micronuclei (MN), chromosome aberrations, and MFs of HPRT and PIGA] were examined. There were no statistically significant differences in any outcome measure when results were compared between the low‐ vs. high‐U groups. However, modeling of the HPRT MF results suggests a possible threshold effect for MFs occurring in the highest U exposed cohort members. Mutational spectral analysis of HPRT mutations is underway to clarify a potential clonal vs. a threshold uU effect to explain this observation. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of a human population chronically exposed to DU and demonstrates a relatively weak genotoxic effect of the DU exposure. These results may explain the lack of clear epidemiologic evidence for U carcinogenicity in humans. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High‐resolution (space, time) anthropogenic heat emissions: London 1970–2025
Authors: Iamarino Mario , Beevers Sean , Grimmond C. S. B. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe anthropogenic heat emissions generated by human activities in London are analysed in detail for 2005–2008 and considered in context of long‐term past and future trends (1970–2025). Emissions from buildings, road traffic and human metabolism are finely resolved in space (30 min) and time (200 × 200 m2). Software to compute and visualize the results is provided. The annual mean anthropogenic heat flux for Greater London is 10.9 W m−2 for 2005–2008, with the highest peaks in the central activities zone (CAZ) associated with extensive service industry activities. Towards the outskirts of the city, emissions from the domestic sector and road traffic dominate. Anthropogenic heat is mostly emitted as sensible heat, with a latent heat fraction of 7.3% and a heat‐to‐wastewater fraction of 12%; the implications related to the use of evaporative cooling towers are briefly addressed. Projections indicate a further increase of heat emissions within the CAZ in the next two decades related to further intensification of activities within this area. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Selective Encapsulation of Ionic Dyes by Core/Shell Amphiphilic Macromolecules Derived from Hyperbranched Polyethylenimine: Properties through Structures
Authors: Wan Decheng , Lai Yi , Jin Ming , Pu Hongting 
Published: July 2011

AbstractReverse‐micelle‐like CAMs derived from HPEI, which exist as either aggregates or unimolecular micelles, show selectivity upon the encapsulation of water‐soluble and ionic dyes. For rigid dyes, the encapsulating ability is very weak, while for less rigid ones, the encapsulation is dependent on their electronic properties. Through electronic engineering of the CAM, the complementary CAM/dye interaction strengths can be greatly favored or disfavored. Electronic engineering of the CAM can also exert a non‐linear effect on the guest affinities and thus amplify the difference of the competitive guest species and further lead to highly selective encapsulations. Even if one dye species is complexed by another dye species, highly selective encapsulation can still be realized by a CAM.magnified image
Kleine Ringe erweitern: Auf die Spannung kommt es an
Authors: Kaschel Johannes , Werz Daniel B. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWenn es gilt, komplexe Strukturen aufzubauen, erfreuen sich Kleinringsysteme schon seit langem großer Beliebtheit. Die Thermodynamik steht dabei auf der Seite des Synthetikers. Entscheidend für den Erfolg solcher Reaktionen ist nur das richtige Werkzeug, um den Ring zu öffnen.
Aptamer‐Assembled Nanomaterials for Biosensing and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Kong Rong‐Mei , Zhang Xiao‐Bing , Chen Zhuo , Tan Weihong 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAptamers represent a class of single‐stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides that play important roles in biosensing and biomedical applications. However, aptamers can gain more flexibility as molecular recognition tools by taking advantage of the unique chemical and physical properties provided by nanomaterials. Such aptamer–nanomaterial conjugates are having an increasing impact in the fields of biosensing, bioimaging, and therapy. The recent advances and limitations of aptamer‐assembled nanomaterials in biosensing and biomedical applications are briefly introduced and discussed.
Prenatal diagnosis of fetal left ventricular non‐compaction cardiomyopathy
Authors: Tsapakis E. G. , Eleftheriades M. , Daskalakis G. , Chrelias C. , Hassiakos D. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIsolated left ventricular non‐compaction (LVNC) is a rare disorder, classified as a primary genetic cardiomyopathy by the American Heart Association or as an unclassified cardiomyopathy by the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases. The key features are the prominent trabeculae and deep intratrabecular recesses resulting in thickened myocardium with the two layers consisting of compacted and non‐compacted myocardium. These recesses are in continuity with the left ventricular cavity and are filled with blood without evidence of communication to the epicardial coronary artery system. We present a case of LVNC detected prenatally at 25 + 4 weeks of gestation. Copyright © 2012 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Musculoskeletal pain and use of analgesics in relation to mobility limitation among community‐dwelling persons aged 75 years and older
Authors: Karttunen N. , Lihavainen K. , Sipilä S. , Rantanen T. , Sulkava R. , Hartikainen S. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractPain and factors related to it constitute serious health problems in the older population. This populationbased cross‐sectional study aimed to investigate whether musculoskeletal pain is associated with mobility limitation and whether the relationship between pain and mobility limitation varies according to the use of analgesics among community‐dwelling older people.A total of 622 community‐dwelling participants aged 75 years and older (mean age 80.4, 74% women) were interviewed about presence and severity of musculoskeletal pain. Self‐reported analgesic drug utilization was verified against medical records. Mobility limitation was assessed by the Timed Up & Go test (TUG) time of >13.5 s or inability to perform the test. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the pain‐affect associations, with associations expressed as odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI). After adjustment for several covariates, musculoskeletal pain remained independently associated with mobility limitation (odds ratio = 1.83; 95% CI 1.16, 2.89). The risk of mobility limitation was highest among those who reported severe or moderate pain (1.84; 1.13, 3.13) and among those who used analgesics (2.37; 1.37, 4.11). In conclusion, musculoskeletal pain increases the risk for mobility limitation. The present findings underline the importance of the careful assessment and pharmacological and nonpharmacological management of pain in promoting mobility in older age.
Depoliticisation and the Changing Trajectories of Grassroots Women's Leadership in Peru: From Empowerment to Service Delivery?
Authors: JENKINS KATY 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis paper examines how practices of leadership have been negotiated and have changed over time in the context of a grassroots health promotion project in Lima, Peru. Tracing these trajectories in the context of the evolution of women's organising in Peru informs a broader analysis of the changing role of grassroots women in development projects, feeding into debates around the professionalisation and depoliticisation of grassroots activism and providing new empirical material on gendered experiences of grassroots leadership. The paper recognises the increasing dominance of neoliberal management mechanisms but argues that the depoliticisation of grassroots women leaders is not simply a straightforward trickledown of neoliberal development practices but is produced through the interplay of local socio-political processes and personal biographies of activism with more macro-level development trends and discourses.
AN EARLY ROYAL MAYA TOMB FROM CHAN CHICH, BELIZE
Authors: Houk Brett A. , Robichaux Hubert R. , Valdez Fred 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIn 1997, the Chan Chich Archaeological Project excavated a Terminal Preclassic/Early Classic period Maya tomb at Chan Chich, Belize. Tomb 2 represents the earliest royal tomb in the Three Rivers Region of the east-central Yucatan Peninsula and has striking similarities to Burial 85 at Tikal, the tomb of the dynastic founder Yax Ehb' Xook. This paper describes Tomb 2 and its contents and considers its significance within the context of the significant political and cultural changes that marked the transition from the Late Preclassic to the Early Classic period. We argue that the tomb is an early example of a regional expression of elite competition for status and power in the Central Lowlands that included the use of a subcomplex of ceramics and exotic artifacts to express prestige. Tomb 2 is also an example of an early royal burial pattern that may be more widespread than believed but has been overlooked due to excavation bias.