bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis among Nepalese patients at a tuberculosis referral center
Authors: Chand Arun Bahadur , Basnet Ajaya , Maharjan Bhagwan , Rai Ganesh , Joshi Yadav Prasad , Bhatt Lok Raj , Sen Bindu , Rai Shiba Kumar 
Published: May 2024

Background
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), characterized by isoniazid and rifampicin resistance, is caused by chromosomal mutations that restrict treatment options and complicate tuberculosis management. This study sought to investigate the prevalence of pre-extensively drug-resistant (pre-XDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis, as well as mutation pattern, in Nepalese patients with MDR/rifampicin-resistant (RR)-TB strains.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted on MDR/RR-TB patients at the German Nepal Tuberculosis Project from June 2017 to June 2018. The MTBDRsl line probe assay identified pre-XDR-TB and XDR-TB. Pre-XDR-TB included MDR/RR-TB with resistance to any fluoroquinolone (FLQ), while XDR-TB included MDR/RR-TB with resistance to any FLQ and at least one additional group A drug. Mutation status was determined by comparing bands on reaction zones [gyrA and gyrB for FLQ resistance, rrs for SILD resistance, and eis for low-level kanamycin resistance, according to the GenoType MTBDRsl VER 2.0, Hain Lifescience GmbH, Nehren, Germany definition of pre-XDR and XDR] to the evaluation sheet. SPSS version 17.0 was used for data analysis.

Results
Out of a total of 171 patients with MDR/RR-TB, 160 had (93.57%) had MTBC, of whom 57 (35.63%) had pre-XDR-TB and 10 (6.25%) had XDR-TB. Among the pre-XDR-TB strains, 56 (98.25%) were FLQ resistant, while 1 (1.75%) was SLID resistant. The most frequent mutations were found at codons MUT3C (57.14%, 32/56) and MUT1 (23.21%, 13/56) of the gyrA gene. One patient had SLID resistant genotype at the MUT1 codon of the rrs gene (100%, 1/1). XDR-TB mutation bands were mostly detected on MUT1 (30%, 3/10) of the gyrA and rrs, MUT3C (30%, 3/10) of the gyrA, and MUT1 (30%, 3/10) of the rrs.

Conclusions
Pre-XDR-TB had a significantly higher likelihood than XDR-TB, with different specific mutation bands present in gyrA and rrs genes.
Comparing two protocols of shock wave therapy for patients with plantar fasciitis: A pilot study
Authors: A. L. Kalbani Fatima , Shalash Reime , Qadah Raneen , Shousha Tamer 
Published: May 2024

Objectives
This pilot study primarily aimed to detect the adherence as well as the effect size required to estimate the actual sample size needed for a larger scale study to compare and evaluate the effectiveness of two extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) protocols along, with a physical therapy program in reducing pain and improving function among patients suffering from plantar fasciitis. The study also aimed to report the effects of the ESWT protocols used on pain and function.

Methods
A total of 26 participants took part in the study, including 17 females and 9 males. The average age of the participants was 34 years with a body mass index (BMI) of 23 kg/m2. Participants were divided into three equal groups; Group A received ESWT at a frequency of 15 Hz and intensity of 3, Group B received ESWT at a frequency of 10 Hz and intensity of 4, while Group C underwent the selected physical therapy program along with sham shock wave therapy as a control. Pain levels were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) while functional improvements were evaluated using the Foot Function Index (FFI). Data was collected prior to treatment, after three sessions and at the end of six weeks (after six sessions).

Results
The three groups were well matched, and the results revealed high adherence rates (90%, 90% and 80% respectively). Results also indicated reductions in pain levels and improvements in function for both intervention groups when compared to the control group. Group A demonstrated better outcomes compared to Group B while Group C showed relatively less improvement.

Conclusion
The study concluded a high adherence rate for the three groups as well as a small effect size detected of 0.282 that would suggest a total of 123 participants to be required to replicate the study on a larger scale. With regards to the findings of this pilot, the combination of ESWT and a targeted physical therapy program revealed a possible effective therapeutic approach for plantar fasciitis, with a higher frequency potentially yielding more favourable results.
Impact of body mass index at diagnosis on outcomes of pediatric acute leukemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Dong Ling , Dai Guixing , Zhao Jing 
Published: May 2024

Background
The incidence of childhood malnutrition i.e., both obesity and undernutrition, is on a rise. While there is extensive evidence of the influence of body mass index (BMI) on the survival and other important outcomes of adult cancers, the impact of childhood BMI on one of the common pediatric cancers i.e., leukemia is not well studied.

Methods
Systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases was done to identify studies that were conducted among pediatric patients with leukemia and had examined outcomes of interest based on BMI at the time of diagnosis.

Results
Effect sizes were reported as pooled hazards ratio (HR) along with 95% confidence intervals (CI). A total of 17 studies were included. Compared to pediatric leukemia patients with normal BMI, underweight (HR 1.07, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.11) and obese (HR 1.42, 95% CI: 1.18, 1.71) children with leukemia had higher risks of overall mortality. Underweight (HR 1.10, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.19) and obese (HR 1.34, 95% CI: 1.15, 1.55) pediatric leukemia patients had a tendency to lower event-free survival compared to children with normal BMI. The risk of relapse was not significant for underweight, overweight, and obese children.

Conclusions
Both underweight and obese status at the time of diagnosis were associated with poor survival outcomes in pediatric patients with leukemia.
Incidental Finding of a Duodenal-Type Follicular Lymphoma in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis Cirrhosis: A Rare Malignancy With Favorable Outcomes
Authors: Checketts T. Rees , Gautam Manjushree , Mudrovich Steven , Gonzalez Stevan A. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Duodenal-type follicular lymphoma (DFL) are uncommon, presenting in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients, and are generally associated with a benign clinical course. Treatment options include surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. However, many patients can be managed conservatively with little to no treatment, as 5-year progression-free survival is greater than 70%, and 5-year overall survival ranges from 80% to 94%. Here, we present a case of incidental DFL in a patient with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. A review of the endoscopic and histologic characteristics, as well as epidemiology, risk factors, and long-term outcomes, may guide management strategies when DFL is encountered.
PEMBANGUNAN INKLUSIF DI URBAN HERITAGE KOTA TUA JAKARTA MELALUI PARIWISATA KREATIF
Authors: Rusata Tatang , Hamidah Siti 
Published: May 2024

Kawasan Kota Tua merupakan urban heritage di Jakarta yang sepatutnya memperoleh perhatian lebih dari pemerintah agar tidak mengalami kemunduran kota Melalui pembangunan inklusif yang memberi akses bagi masyarakat luas untuk berpartisipasi pada kegiatan pariwisata kreatif diharapkan dapat mendukung upaya pemerintah dalam merevitalisasi kawasan ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan 1) memperoleh pemahaman yang komprehensif mengenai kemunduran kota dan upaya revitalisasi di Kota Tua Jakarta; dan 2) mengetahui komunitas kreatif di Kota Tua yang merupakan bagian penting dari pembangunan inklusif kota Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif melalui teknik stakeholders mapping. Data primer diperoleh dari observasi lapangan dan wawancara semi terstruktur dengan perwakilan Unit Pengelola Kawasan Kota Tua dan komunitas pada tahun 2022, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari studi literatur dan kepustakaan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa revitalisasi Kota Tua masih menghadapi kompleksitas dari pemangku kepentingan yang menghambat proses kerjasama lintas sektoral sehingga membuat pengembangan potensi kreativitas kurang maksimal. Namun animo masyarakat untuk berkunjung memberi peluang bagi komunitas untuk berpartisipasi aktif dalam mengembangkan pariwisata kreatif di kawasan Kota Tua Jakarta. Dukungan ini dapat menyelamatkan Kota Tua dari kemunduran kota, memaksimalkan potensi kreatif, dan menghidupkan Kota Tua, sehingga memberi pengalaman berwisata yang lebih intens bagi pengunjung sesuai dengan konsep pariwisata kreatif.
Pengaruh Sentra Industri Kecil Somber Terhadap Kondisi Sosial-Ekonomi di Kelurahan Muara Rapak, Balikpapan
Authors: Safitri Febi , Triwidya Sitaresmia Devi 
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji dampak sosio-ekonomi dari Pusat Industri Kecil Somber (SIKS) terhadap komunitas lokal di Muara Rapak, Balikpapan. Studi ini berfokus pada penilaian pengaruh SIKS terhadap berbagai aspek sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat, terutama mengingat kedekatannya dengan area permukiman dalam radius kurang dari 2 km. Pendirian SIKS telah mendapatkan perhatian signifikan dari Pemerintah Kota Balikpapan karena perannya yang potensial dalam mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi di kota tersebut. Makalah ini menyelidiki fase sebelum dan sesudah pendirian SIKS dari tahun 1998 hingga sekarang untuk menentukan dampaknya terhadap penggunaan lahan, kondisi kesehatan akibat polusi lingkungan, generasi pendapatan, dan mata pencaharian. Dengan menggunakan metode analisis skoring dengan skala penilaian, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi perubahan nyata dalam kondisi sosio-ekonomi komunitas sekitar, mendokumentasikan pergeseran dalam struktur sosial dan kesejahteraan ekonomi. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa sebelum pendirian SIKS, area tersebut sebagian besar adalah lahan hutan yang belum dikembangkan dengan aktivitas sosio-ekonomi minimal, berbeda jauh dengan kontribusi sosio-ekonomi signifikan yang diamati setelah pendirian. Studi ini menekankan peran kritis pusat industri lokal dalam membentuk pengembangan regional dan menyoroti interaksi kompleks antara pertumbuhan industri dan kesejahteraan komunitas. Kata Kunci: Dampak Ekonomi, SIKS, Kondisi Sosial, Pengembangan Komunitas, Muara Rapak
Pemodelan Banjir Rob di Kota Pekalongan
Authors: Firmansyah Romi , Rahayu Sri 
Published: May 2024

Kota Pekalongan merupakan salah satu kota di kawasan Pantura yang sering mengalami banjir rob setiap tahunnya. Keadaan tersebut diperparah oleh adanya fenomena kenaikan muka air laut global dan penurunan muka tanah. Fokus penelitian ini adalah untuk membangun model banjir rob pada masa mendatang dan menganalisis tutupan lahan terdampak prediksi banjir rob. Prediksi banjir rob disimulasikan menggunakan pemodelan berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Pemodelan dibangun dengan mengolah data ketinggian muka tanah dan kenaikan muka air laut pada tahun prediksi 2037 dan 2067. Selanjutnya prediksi banjir rob terebut dilakukan overlay dengan data tutupan lahan Kota Pekalongan untuk mengetahui luas dan jenis tuutpan lahan terdampak. Berdasarkan skenario tahun prediksi 2037, dengan ketinggian rob yaitu 1,85 m, diketahui bahwa tutupan lahan terdampak banjir rob terbesar adalah tambak diikuti oleh permukiman. Sedangkan pada tahun prediksi 2067 dengan tinggi banjir rob 2,63 m, diketahui bahwa banjir rob diprediksi meluas ke arah selatan kota dan tutupan terdampak terbesar adalah permukiman diikuti oleh tambak. Kata kunci: Banjir Rob; Pemodelan SIG; Tutupan Lahan
Effect of exogenous lipids contamination on blood gas analysis
Authors: Lippi Giuseppe , Pighi Laura , Salvagno Gian Luca , Tiziani Elena , Castellini Maria Elena , Ferraro Roberta , Henry Brandon M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of contamination of venous blood with a lipid-containing solution on parameters measured by a modern blood gas analyzer.

Methods
We collected venous blood from 17 healthcare workers (46 ± 11 years; 53 % women) into three blood gas syringes containing 0 , 5 and 10 % lipid-containing solution. Blood gas analysis was performed within 15 min from sample collection on GEM Premier 5000, while triglycerides and serum indices were assays on Roche COBAS C702.

Results
Triglycerides concentration increased from 1.0 ± 0.3 mmol/L in the uncontaminated blood gas syringe, to 39.4 ± 7.8 and 65.3 ± 14.4 mmol/L (both p<0.001) in syringes with 5 and 10 % final lipid contamination. The lipemic and hemolysis indices increased accordingly. Statistically significant variation was noted for all analytes except hematocrit and COHb in the syringe with 5 % lipids, while only COHb did not vary in the syringe with 10 % lipids. Significant increases were observed from 5 % lipid contamination for pO2, SO2 and lactate, while the values of pH, pCO2, sodium, potassium, chloride, ionized calcium, glucose, hematocrit (10 % contamination), hemoglobin and MetHB decreased. All these changes except lactate and CoHb exceeded their relative performance specifications.

Conclusions
Artifactual hyperlipidemia caused by contamination with exogenous lipids can have a clinically significant impact on blood gas analysis. Manufacturers of blood gas analyzers must be persuaded to develop new instruments equipped with serum indices.
“The More, the Merrier; the More Ideas, the Better Feeling”: Examining the Role of Creativity in Regulating Emotions among EFL Teachers
Authors: Tajabadi Hamidreza , Meihami Hussein 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Knowing how teachers’ creativity can help them regulate their emotions is critical. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the role of creativity in how novice and experienced english as a foreign language (EFL) teachers regulate their emotions in their classes. To such end, a descriptive narrative design was used through which we conducted a thematic analysis of the autobiographical narratives of eight EFL teachers, including five novice and three experienced teachers, who utilized their creativity while managing their emotions. The findings showed that teachers’ creativity has a constructive role in helping novice and experienced EFL teachers regulate their emotions. According to the findings of Code Map, novice EFL teachers asserted that a detailed context helped improve their emotional state. They also felt better when they had access to a variety of different ideas and used both proactive and reactive emotion regulation strategies. Experienced EFL teachers, on the other hand, believed that using a variety of teaching and assessment methods helped them feel better about their work. They also felt that having access to many elaborated ideas was helpful in promoting positive emotions. We concluded that integrating creativity into teaching enables teachers to regulate their emotions more effectively. This outcome may be attributable to creativity, which discourages repetition, allowing teachers to adopt diverse approaches toward emotion regulation.
Le traducteur humain a-t-il (encore) un avenir en traduction juridique ?
Authors: Durr Margarete 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Le présent article a pour objet de caractériser la différence entre les mécanismes mis en œuvre dans la traduction automatique, qu’elle soit statistique ou neuronale, et les mécanismes cognitifs mis en œuvre dans la traduction humaine. Notre postulat consiste à dire que cette différence est radicale par sa nature, d’une part et d’autre part, qu’il est possible de la mettre en évidence dans le fonctionnement de trois principaux mécanismes cognitifs, à savoir de la compréhension, de l’attention et de la schématisation. En définitive, la différence de nature qui oppose ces deux types de traduction réside dans la dialectique entre la cognition désincarnée et incarnée et dans la dichotomie entre la décision et le calcul. En effet, si le traducteur humain prend toujours une décision et en endosse la responsabilité, la machine se limite à calculer. Le corpus d’exemples pratiques utilisés dans le cadre de la présente analyse pour étayer notre postulat est issu de la pratique traductologique dans la paire de langue français-allemand.
Optimization of insulation thickness of walls and roofs using energy, exergy, economic and environmental (4E) analyses
Authors: Uçar Aynur 
Published: May 2024

Buildings play an important role in consumption of energy and carbon dioxide emissions all over the world. The optimum thickness of each insulation material of wall and roof of residential buildings depending on energy, environment, economy and exergy was determined in this study. For this purpose, an optimization model was established based on four different criteria: energy, environment, economics, and exergy. A function was defined containing these four criteria. It has been seen from the results that the optimum insulation thickness of the wall and roof depends on the weight coefficients of the energy, environment, economic and exergy parameters and insulation material types. The results of the economic analysis indicate that the optimum insulation thickness of wall varies from 1.01 to 7.7 cm and the optimum thicknesses of roof varies from 3.25 to 6.7 cm for XPS, EPS and Glasswool insulation materials. According to the results of the enviromental analysis, the optimum thicknesses of wall for different insulation materials are 6.5, 8.6, 9.4, and 9.55 cm and optimum insulation thicknesses of roof are 7.55, 8.1 and 8.2 cm, respectively. The effect of economic and energy parameters on the optimum thickness of the wall and roof for the three insulation materials was investigated using the sensitivity analysis method. It was seen from the results that impacts of interest rate, inflation rate, electricity cost, fuel cost, insulation material cost, heating and cooling degree-days on the optimum insulation thickness of wall and roof and 4EF optimization function were different.
The Performance Analysis of Trans Metro Pekanbaru During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Muttaqin Muchammad Zaenal , Ramanda Irfan , Zaini Abdul Kudus , Kumalasari Cyintia 
Published: May 2024

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Trans Metro Pekanbaru bus manager limited the number of passengers, operating hours, and rit. This policy follows the implementation of the transition period towards a new normal in Pekanbaru City. This government policy’s enactment has influenced the performance of Trans Metro Pekanbaru public transportation during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study analyzes the performance of Trans Metro Pekanbaru public transportation during the COVID-19 pandemic based on passenger operations and perceptions. The research methods used in this study are quantitative and qualitative. The data analysis used is an analysis of operational performance data during the COVID-19 period and an analysis of passenger perceptions of service performance during the COVID-19 period. The results of this study show that the operational performance of Trans Metro Pekanbaru public transportation during the COVID-19 pandemic based on load factor, headway, and frequency indicators is considered insufficient. The average load factor value on all routes is below 70%, with the highest and lowest average values being 42% on the Ramayan – Pandau route and 2% on the Unilak – route Palas Kingdom. The average headway value on all routes is more than 10 minutes, with the highest average being 63 minutes on the BRPS – UIN and Ramayana – Unilak routes. The average frequency value on all routes only reaches 1-3 vehicles/hour, with the highest average being 5 vehicles/hour on the Ramayana route - Pandau. Based on passenger perception, it shows that passenger perception of the quality of Trans Metro Pekanbaru public transportation services during the COVID-19 pandemic is considered good. This can be seen from the average score of respondents’ assessment of 74.86%.
Increasing the reliability of diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy based on machine learning
Authors: Mamyrbayev Orken , Pavlov Sergii , Karas Oleksandr , Saldan Yosip , Momynzhanova Kymbat , Zhumagulova Sholpan 
Published: May 2024

This paper discusses the method of measuring and analyzing the parameters of the retina with subsequent diagnosis based on them of pathological changes due to diabetic retinopathy, which is crucial in the field of medicine to help doctors in timely detection and treatment of the disease. The main problem of biomedical image data analysis is insufficient pre-processing of images for further clear determination of informative indicators. This paper explores the application of machine learning and image processing techniques to develop an effective method for the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy. The main focus is on obtaining the optimal model using machine learning and different types of neural networks. This paper considered and analyzed such methods of image preprocessing as: median filtering, grayscale conversion, cropping of non-informative areas of the image, selection of contours. The classification results of three rules (Classical Neural Networks (CNNs), Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) were analyzed, and through experimental studies it was determined that the ANN performed the task best (accuracy=87.1 %, reliability=84.6 %, sensitivity=91.6 %, specificity=84 %). An information model was obtained to support decision-making in assessing the condition of the retina using the processing of the obtained microscopic images and further analysis of informative parameters, and a database of more than 35,000 samples and informative features of the retina was formed. Given the sufficient quality of classification and the availability of software and hardware, this method can be developed and applied in practice in medical institutions after conducting all the necessary clinical studies
Application of a data stratification approach in computer medical monitoring systems
Authors: Donets Volodymyr , Shevchenko Dmytro , Holikov Maksym , Strilets Viktoriia , Shmatkov Serhiy 
Published: May 2024

The research object is the processes occurring in the data stratification subsystem in the medical monitoring computer system, which is part of the decision support system. Such a subsystem aims to solve data analysis and processing problems in the medical monitoring system. Among them, the problems of anomaly detection, data marking, state determination, selection of the most informative variables, and justification of decision-making are selected for solving.
The paper proposes the structure and implementation of the data stratification subsystem in the decision support system. The subsystem contains modules for anomaly detection and an autoencoder, a clustering module using an advanced multi-agent clustering method, and a state detection module with a modified neural network training procedure.
Modules of the stratification subsystem have been tested using diabetes monitoring data. The results showed that the clustering module provides 25.7 % lower accuracy than the achieved neural network. The accuracy difference is explained by the complexity of the data and the lack of adaptability of the proposed method to solving such problems. It is shown that the method of determining the overall informativeness of variables covers 90 % informativeness with 10 variables, comparable to the variability data. In general, the flexible nature of the proposed stratification subsystem allows for solving the problems.
The proposed stratification subsystem offers a robust solution for improving treatment strategies and decision-making in computer medical monitoring systems. Its versatility allows it to be used in any system where decision support is needed, providing valuable information about informative variables and decision-making features for clinicians and researchers