bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical findings and outcome for dairy cattle with jejunal hemorrhage syndrome: 31 cases (2000–2007)
Authors: Peek Simon F. , Santschi Elizabeth M. , Livesey Michael A. , Prichard Mike A. , McGuirk Sheila M. , Brounts Sabrina H. , Edwards Ryland B. 
Published: May 2009

Abstract
Objective—To describe signalment; surgical findings; short-, medium-, and long-term outcome; and recurrence rate for cattle undergoing celiotomy because of jejunal hemorrhage syndrome (JHS) and to analyze risk factors associated with outcome and recurrence.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—31 dairy cattle with JHS.
Procedures—Medical records were analyzed. Follow-up information was obtained from owners of cattle surviving until discharge.
Results—18 of 31 (58%) cattle undergoing celiotomy survived to initial discharge. Fifteen (48%) and 13 (42%) were alive 6 and 12 months after discharge, respectively. All 5 deaths within 12 months after discharge were attributed to JHS recurrence. Survival time was 12 to 85 months for the 13 long-term survivors. Six of 7 that died > 12 months after celiotomy did so for reasons unrelated to JHS. Recurrence rate among short-term survivors was 7 of 18; 1 of these survived long-term. A significant proportion of affected cattle were Brown Swiss, compared with proportions for other breeds. Manual massage of the bowel to break down clots was associated with a significantly higher short-term survival rate than was en-terectomy or enterotomy. Medium- and long-term survival rate was higher in cattle referred 24 to 48 hours after onset of signs. Length of obstructing blood clots was not associated with outcome. Other factors were not significantly associated with recurrence.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Survival rates were higher than those in other reports. Prompt celiotomy and resolution by use of manual massage were associated with higher survival rates. In this population, JHS recurred in 7 of 18 short-term survivors.
Determination of risk factors associated with seizure relapse after antiepileptic drug withdrawal
Authors: Vurucu Sebahattin , Saldir Mehmet , Unay Bulent , Akin Ridvan 
Published: May 2009

Abstract
There is no consensus regarding the time of antiepileptic drug withdrawal and the relevant risk factors for seizure relapse. In this study, we aimed to determine the seizure relapse rates and the associated risk factors for seizure relapse in childhood epilepsy. Two-hundred sixty-six epileptic patients who discontinued the antiepileptic drug therapy after a seizure-free period of at least two years, were enrolled into the study. The data of the patients regarding sex, febrile convulsion history, family history, age at onset, type of epilepsy, total number of seizures and antiepileptic drugs, seizures during treatment, mental status, first and last electroencephalography, brain imaging findings, etiological factors and seizure relapse in the first two years after antiepileptic drug withdrawal were obtained from the patients’ files. Univariate logistic regression analysis was performed for each variable. The variables which were found to be statistically significant in univariate analysis, were included in multivariate logistic regression analysis. The overall seizure relapse rate after antiepileptic drug withdrawal was 19.2%. There were no significant differences for seizure relapse rate after antiepileptic drug withdrawal between patient groups with respect to sex, family history, type of epilepsy, febrile convulsion history, seizures before treatment, first electroencephalography findings, brain imaging findings and etiology. However, there were statistically significant differences for seizure relapse rate among patient groups concerning age at onset of epilepsy, new seizure during treatment, the total number of antiepileptic drugs, mental status, and last electroencephalography findings. We imply that the clinical status of the patients should be considered before the cessation of drug therapy rather than the etiological factors or laboratory findings.
Kinetic magnetic resonance imaging analysis of abnormal segmental motion of the functional spine unit
Authors: Kong Min Ho , Hymanson Henry J. , Song Kwan Young , Chin Dong Kyu , Cho Yong Eun , Yoon Do Heum , Wang Jeffrey C. 
Published: May 2009

Object
The authors conducted a retrospective observational study using kinetic MR imaging to investigate the relationship between instability, abnormal sagittal segmental motion, and radiographic variables consisting of intervertebral disc degeneration, facet joint osteoarthritis (FJO), degeneration of the interspinous ligaments, ligamentum flavum hypertrophy (LFH), and the status of the paraspinal muscles.

Methods
Abnormal segmental motion, defined as > 10° angulation and > 3 mm of translation in the sagittal plane, was investigated in 1575 functional spine units (315 patients) in flexion, neutral, and extension postures using kinetic MR imaging. Each segment was assessed based on the extent of disc degeneration (Grades I–V), FJO (Grades 1–4), interspinous ligament degeneration (Grades 1–4), presence of LFH, and paraspinal muscle fatty infiltration observed on kinetic MR imaging. These factors are often noted in patients with degenerative disease, and there are grading systems to describe these changes. For the first time, the authors attempted to address the relationship between these radiographic observations and the effects on the motion and instability of the functional spine unit.

Results
The prevalence of abnormal translational motion was significantly higher in patients with Grade IV degenerative discs and Grade 3 arthritic facet joints (p < 0.05). In patients with advanced disc degeneration and FJO, there was a lesser amount of motion in both segmental translation and angulation when compared with lower grades of degeneration, and this difference was statistically significant for angular motion (p < 0.05). Patients with advanced degenerative Grade 4 facet joint arthritis had a significantly lower percentage of abnormal angular motion compared to patients with normal facet joints (p < 0.001). The presence of LFH was strongly associated with abnormal translational and angular motion. Grade 4 interspinous ligament degeneration and the presence of paraspinal muscle fatty infiltration were both significantly associated with excessive abnormal angular motion (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
This kinetic MR imaging analysis showed that the lumbar functional unit with more disc degeneration, FJO, and LFH had abnormal sagittal plane translation and angulation. These findings suggest that abnormal segmental motion noted on kinetic MR images is closely associated with disc degeneration, FJO, and the pathological characteristics of interspinous ligaments, ligamentum flavum, and paraspinal muscles. Kinetic MR imaging in patients with mechanical back pain may prove a valuable source of information about the stability of the functional spine unit by measuring abnormal segmental motion and grading of radiographic parameters simultaneously.
Ceramic granules enhanced with B2A peptide for lumbar interbody spine fusion: an experimental study using an instrumented model in sheep
Authors: Cunningham Bryan W. , Atkinson Brent L. , Hu Nianbin , Kikkawa Jun , Jenis Louis , Bryant Joseph , Zamora Paul O. , McAfee Paul C. 
Published: May 2009

Object
New generations of devices for spinal interbody fusion are expected to arise from the combined use of bioactive peptides and porous implants. The purpose of this dose-ranging study was to evaluate the fusion characteristics of porous ceramic granules (CGs) coated with the bioactive peptide B2A2-K-NS (B2A) by using a model of instrumented lumbar interbody spinal fusion in sheep.

Methods
Instrumented spinal arthrodesis was performed in 40 operative sites in 20 adult sheep. In each animal, posterior instrumentation (pedicle screw and rod) and a polyetheretherketone cage were placed in 2 single-level procedures (L2–3 and L4–5). All cages were packed with graft material prior to implantation. The graft materials were prepared by mixing (1:1 vol/vol) CGs with or without a B2A coating and morselized autograft. Ceramic granules were coated with B2A at 50, 100, 300, and 600 μg/ml granules (50-B2A/CG, 100-B2A/CG, 300-B2A/CG, and 600-B2A/CG, respectively), resulting in 4 B2A-coated groups plus a control group (uncoated CGs). Graft material from each of these groups was implanted in 8 operative sites. Four months after arthrodesis, interbody fusion status was assessed with CT, and the interbody site was further evaluated with quantitative histomorphometry.

Results
All B2A/CG groups had higher CT-confirmed interbody fusion rates compared with those in controls (CGs only). Seven of 8 sites were fused in the 50-B2A/CG, 100-B2A/CG, and 300-B2A/CG groups, whereas 5 of 8 sites were fused in the group that had received uncoated CGs. New woven and lamellar bone spanned the fusion sites with excellent osseointegration. There was no heterotopic ossification or other untoward events attributed to the use of B2A/CG in any group. Each B2A/CG treatment produced more new bone than that in the CG group.

Conclusions
Bioactive treatment with B2A effectively enhanced the fusion capacity of porous CGs. These findings suggest that B2A/CG may well represent a new generation of biomaterials for lumbar interbody fusion and indicate that additional studies are warranted.
Information Skills: Conceptual Convergence between Information and Communication Sciences
Authors: Lau Jesús , Cortés Jesús 
Published: May 2009

Nowadays, information is one of the main resources for an individual’s development and wellbeing, therefore distributing and using information must be a top priority for society. This entails establishing strategies so people can learn to use this resource. Furthermore, scientific progress and present-day educational paradigms stress trans-disciplinary learning. Information and communication sciences are complementary by nature –one focusing on the medium and the other on the process– so there must be greater clarity and conceptual consistency in a number of key shared areas. This document is an effort, from the perspective of library science and information science, to identify some possible meeting-points between these disciplines, regarding the study and development of the necessary competencies to handle information adequately.La información se constituye, en la época actual, en uno de los principales recursos para el desarrollo y bienestar de los individuos, por lo que su distribución y aprovechamiento debe constituirse en una prioridad social. Por ello, es necesario establecer estrategias para que las personas aprendan a utilizar estos recursos. Por otra parte, el avance científico y los paradigmas educativos actuales hablan de la importancia de la transdisciplinaridad; las ciencias de la información y las de la comunicación son por naturaleza complementarias, una se enfoca al medio informativo y la otra al proceso comunicativo; es deseable, por ende, que exista una mayor claridad y consistencia conceptual en algunos temas de relevancia común. Este trabajo constituye un esfuerzo, desde la perspectiva de la bibliotecología y las ciencias de la información, para identificar algunos posibles puntos de encuentro entre estas disciplinas, en lo que respecta al estudio y desarrollo de las competencias necesarias para manejar adecuadamente la información.
The positive representation of the image of women in the media
Authors: García-Muñoz Núria , Martínez-García Luisa del Carmen 
Published: May 2009

This article aims to outline the positive assessments made by the public, through the service of the Catalan Women’s Institute (ICD) on speeches containing media representations of gender. It is a way to illustrate how the products of cultural industries are part of the audience’s social imaginary and how it is able to identify and assess constructive representations of gender. The media and audience as agents of social change suggest ways of teaching on gender issues. Finally, the text encourages us to think about the possibility of creating and enhancing educational strategies to form a critical audience that generates proposals, guidelines, a discourse on gender according to social reality.Este trabajo tiene como objetivo describir las valoraciones positivas realizadas por la ciudadanía a través del servicio del Instituto Catalán de las Mujeres (ICD) sobre los discursos mediáticos que contienen representaciones de género. Es una forma de ilustrar cómo los productos de las industrias culturales forman parte del imaginario social de la audiencia y cómo ésta es capaz de identificar, valorar, las representaciones constructivas de género. Los medios de comunicación y la audiencia como agentes sociales de cambio sugieren vías pedagógicas sobre cuestiones de género. Finalmente, el texto nos anima a pensar en la posibilidad de crear y potenciar estrategias educativas para formar una audiencia crítica que genere propuestas, pautas, sobre un discurso de género acorde a la realidad social.
The Media and the Meeting of Cultures, in pro of Cultural Coexistence
Authors: Martínez-Salanova-Sánchez Enrique 
Published: May 2009

The article begins with a reflection on the knowledge society as foundational for improving strategies to live together on the planet, through the enrichment and driving force that spring from a diversity of civilizations and cultures. The media and new technologies increase possibilities for human inter-relationship through the connection in networks. The cinema, in particular, presents new guidelines for behaviour, brings new knowledge and cultures within reach, and becomes indispensable for illustrating new ways to resolve conflict and previously unknown aspects of intercultural dialogue. It explores alliance-forming in solving common problems, and the search for creative answers to humanity’s major problems, principally those having to do with peace and solidarity. Educational systems should receive help to promote training, instruction and education in the use of new technologies, a key to the future of society, so that future generations will be prepared to make critical use of the media, as an instrument and channel for human interrelationship, for information searching, and as a tool for research and for learning.El artículo parte de una reflexión sobre la sociedad del conocimiento, necesaria para mejorar las estrategias de convivencia en el mundo mediante la riqueza y la fuerza impulsora que aportan la diversidad de civilizaciones y culturas. Los medios de comunicación y las nuevas tecnologías incrementan la posibilidad de la interrelación humana mediante la conexión en redes. El cine, en concreto, presenta nuevas pautas de conducta, acerca conocimientos y culturas y se hace imprescindible para mostrar diferentes formas de resolución de conflictos, aspectos desconocidos del dialogo intercultural y examina la alianza en la solución de problemas comunes y la búsqueda de respuestas creativas a los principales problemas de la humanidad, principalmente los que tienen que ver con la paz y la solidaridad. Se debe ayudar a los sistemas educativos a promover la formación, instrucción y educación en el uso de las nuevas tecnologías, clave del futuro social, con el fin de preparar a las generaciones venideras en el uso crítico de los medios como instrumento y camino de interrelación humana, búsqueda de información e instrumento de investigación y de aprendizaje.
Asymmetric Hydroxylative Phenol Dearomatization through In Situ Generation of Iodanes from Chiral Iodoarenes and m‐CPBA
Authors: Quideau Stéphane , Lyvinec Gildas , Marguerit Mélanie , Bathany Katell , Ozanne‐Beaudenon Aurélie , Buffeteau Thierry , Cavagnat Dominique , Chénedé Alain 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAuf Iod kommt es an: Mit dem Iodaren in doppeltem Überschuss entstehen bei der Titelreaktion in guten Ausbeuten ortho‐Chinole, während organokatalytische Versionen der Reaktion eine anschließende regio‐ und diastereoselektive Epoxidierung ermöglichen. Mit chiralen Iodbiarenen werden Enantioselektivitäten bis 50 % ee erreicht. m‐CPBA=meta‐Chlorperoxybenzoesäure.magnified image
Percutaneous coronary intervention and 30‐day mortality: The British Columbia PCI risk score
Authors: Hamburger Jaap N. , Walsh Simon J. , Khurana Rohit , Ding Lillian , Gao Min , Humphries Karin H. , Carere Ronald , Fung Anthony Y. , Mildenberger Richard R. , Simkus Gerald J. , Webb John G. , Buller Christopher E. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractObjectives: To construct a calculator to assess the risk of 30‐day mortality following PCI. Background: Predictors of 30‐day mortality are commonly used to aid management decisions for cardiac surgical patients. There is a need for an equivalent risk‐score for 30‐day mortality for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) as many patients are suitable for both procedures. Methods: The British Columbia Cardiac Registry (BCCR) is a population‐based registry that collects information on all PCI procedures performed in British Columbia (BC). We used data from the BCCR to identify risk factors for mortality in PCI patients and construct a calculator that predicts 30‐day mortality. Results: Patients (total n = 32,899) were divided into a training set (n = 26,350, PCI between 2000 and 2004) and validation set (n = 6,549, PCI in 2005). Univariate predictors of mortality were identified. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed on the training set to develop a statistical model for prediction of 30‐day mortality. This model was tested in the validation set. Variables that were objective and available before PCI were included in the final risk score calculator. The 30‐day mortality for the overall population was 1.5% (n = 500). Area under the ROC curve was 90.2% for the training set and 91.1% for the validation set indicating that the model also performed well in this group. Conclusions: We describe a large, contemporary cohort of patients undergoing PCI with complete follow‐up for 30‐day mortality. A robust, validated model of 30‐day mortality after PCI was used to construct a risk calculator, the BC‐PCI risk score, which can be accessed at www.bcpci.org. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Energetics, Conformation, and Recognition of DNA Duplexes Modified by Methylated Analogues of [PtCl(dien)]+
Authors: Nováková Olga , Malina Jaroslav , Kašpárková Jana , Halámiková Anna , Bernard Vladan , Intini Francesco , Natile Giovanni , Brabec Viktor 
Published: May 2009

AbstractMonodentate DNA bindingof [PtCl(dien)]+(dien=diethylenetriamine) complexes may considerably affect the biophysical properties of DNA and consequently downstream cellular processes as a result of a large increase in the bulkiness of the nonleaving ligand by multiple methylation (see illustration).magnified imageIn early studies of empirical structure–activity relationships, monodentate PtIIcomplexes were considered to be biologically inactive. Examples of such inactive monodentate PtIIcompounds are [PtCl(dien)]+(dien=diethylenetriamine) and [PtCl(NH3)3]+. DNA is considered the major biological target of platinum compounds. Thus, monodentate DNA binding of PtIIcompounds was previously expected to display insignificant biological effects because it was assumed to affect DNA conformation and downstream cellular processes markedly less than the cross‐links of bifunctional PtIIcomplexes. More recently it was shown that some monodentate PtIIcomplexes do exhibit biological effects; the active monodentate PtIIcomplexes commonly feature bulkier amine ligands than the hitherto used dien or NH3groups. We were therefore interested in determining whether a simple but marked enhancement of the bulkiness of the dien ligand in monodentate [Pt(NO3)(dien)]+by multiple methylation of this ligand affects the early phases in which platinum compounds exert their biological activity. More specifically, the goals of this study, performed in cell‐free media, were to determine how the modification of DNA duplexes by methylated analogues of [Pt(NO3)(dien)]+affects their energetics and how the alterations of this biophysical parameter are reflected by the recognition of these duplexes by DNA polymerases and the DNA repair system. We have found that the impact of the methylation of [Pt(NO3)(dien)]+on the biophysical properties of DNA (thermodynamic, thermal, and conformational properties) and its biochemical processes (DNA polymerization and the repair of DNA adducts) is remarkable. Hence, we conclude that monodentate DNA binding of PtIIcompounds may considerably affect the biophysical properties of DNA and consequently downstream cellular processes as a result of a large increase in the bulkiness of the nonleaving ligands in this class of metal complex.
Synthesis and Biological Characterization of (3R,4R)‐4‐(2‐(Benzhydryloxy)ethyl)‐1‐((R)‐2‐hydroxy‐2‐phenylethyl)‐piperidin‐3‐ol and Its Stereoisomers for Activity toward Monoamine Transporters
Authors: Kharkar Prashant S. , Batman Angela M. , Zhen Juan , Beardsley Patrick M. , Reith Maarten E. A. , Dutta Aloke K. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA novel series of optically active moleculesbased on a 4‐(2‐(benzhydryloxy)ethyl)‐1‐((R)‐2‐hydroxy‐2‐phenylethyl)‐piperidin‐3‐ol template were developed. Depending on stereochemistry, the compounds exhibit various degrees of affinity for three dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine transporters. These molecules have the potential for treating several neurological disorders such as drug abuse, depression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.magnified imageHerein we describe the synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of asymmetric 4‐(2‐(benzhydryloxy)ethyl)‐1‐((R)‐2‐hydroxy‐2‐phenylethyl)‐piperidin‐3‐ol‐based dihydroxy compounds in which the hydroxy groups are located on both the piperidine ring and theN‐phenylethyl side chain. In vitro uptake inhibition data of these molecules indicate high affinity for the dopamine transporter (DAT) in addition to moderate to high affinity for the norepinephrine transporter (NET). Interestingly, compounds9 band9 dexhibit affinities for all three monoamine transporters, with highest potency at DAT and NET, and moderate potency at the serotonin transporter (SERT) (Ki: 2.29, 78.4, and 155 nMfor9 band 1.55, 14.1, and 259 nMfor9 d, respectively). Selected compounds9 a,9 d, and9 d′were tested for their locomotor activity effects in mice and for their ability to occasion the cocaine‐discriminative stimulus in rats. These test compounds generally exhibit a much longer duration of action than cocaine for elevating locomotor activity, and completely generalize the cocaine‐discriminative stimulus in a dose‐dependent manner.
Apical polarity protein PrkCi is necessary for maintenance of spinal cord precursors in zebrafish
Authors: Roberts Randolph K. , Appel Bruce 
Published: May 2009

AbstractDuring development, neural precursors divide to produce new precursors and cells that differentiate as neurons and glia. In Drosophila, apicobasal polarity and orientation of the mitotic spindle play important roles in specifying the progeny of neural precursors for different fates. We examined orientation of zebrafish spinal cord precursors using time‐lapse imaging and tested the function of protein kinase C, iota (PrkCi), a member of the Par complex of proteins necessary for apicobasal polarity in the nervous system. We found that nearly all precursors divide within the plane of the neuroepithelium of wild‐type embryos even when they must produce cells that have different fates. In the absence of PrkCi function, neural precursor divisions become oblique during late embryogenesis and excess oligodendrocytes form concomitant with loss of dividing cells. We conclude that PrkCi function and planar divisions are necessary for asymmetric, self‐renewing division of spinal cord precursors. Developmental Dynamics 238:1638–1648, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.