bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and persistence of depression among undergraduate medical students: a longitudinal study at one UK medical school
Authors: Quince Thelma A , Wood Diana F , Parker Richard A , Benson John 
Published: August 2012

ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of depression among male and female medical students, its change over time and whether depression persists for affected students.DesignLongitudinal study comprising annual questionnaire surveys which included the depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D).ParticipantsBetween 2007 and 2010 all 1112 students entering the Core Science component (Year 1) and all 542 students entering the Clinical component (Year 4) of the Cambridge (UK) medical course were followed-up annually.MethodsWe analysed, separately for men and women, mean HADS-D scores, the proportions whose scores indicated depression at different time-points and for students maintaining participation, the number of occasions on which their HADS-D scores indicated depression.Results725 Core Science and 364 Clinical students participated. Mean HADS-D scores ranged between 3.34 and 3.49 among all Core Science students and between 2.16 and 2.91 among all Clinical students. There was no difference between men and women in median HADS-D scores. Prevalence of depression ranged between 5.7% and 10.6% among all Core Science students and between 2.7% and 8.2% among all Clinical students.Over time Core Science students displayed no increase in mean HADS-D score. Among Clinical students only men displayed a small increase (time coefficient 0.33 (95% CI 0.11 to 0.55)). Prevalence did not increase over time. 220 Core Science and 150 Clinical students participated throughout the study. Of these, 18.2% and 10.6%, respectively, recorded HADS-D scores indicating depression on at least one occasion. Of 56 students recording depression at some point, 37 did so only once.ConclusionsPrevalence of depression among participants was similar to that reported for comparable groups. Among men approaching the end of clinical studies depression scores increased. In all years a minority of students displayed depression; for some this persisted. Mechanisms are needed to identify and support students suffering from depression, particularly when persistent.
Stent assisted coil embolization of wide-necked bilobed anterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm with incorporated artery arising from the dome: a technical note
Authors: Sabharwal Paramveer Singh , Saini Jitender , Hanumanthapura Ramalingaiah Arvinda 
Published: August 2012

BackgroundA technique for stent-assisted coil embolization of a bilobed wide-necked saccular aneurysm of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) with the AICA arising from the dome of the aneurysm is described.Clinical presentationA middle-aged patient was referred for treatment of a bilobed saccular aneurysm identified on a CT angiogram performed for a subarachnoid hemorrhage which occurred 20 days prior to presentation. A diagnostic angiogram showed a bilobed wide-necked saccular aneurysm at the AICA origin with the AICA arising from the dome of the aneurysm and also supplying the territory of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. The therapeutic procedure involved trans-aneurysmal cannulation of the AICA with the microcatheter left in situ. Another microcatheter was maneuvered into the larger dome of the aneurysm. A stent was then deployed in the basilar artery, jailing the previous microcatheter in the aneurysm. Helical Guglielmi detachable coils were deployed in the aneurysm resulting in complete occlusion of the aneurysm with preservation of the AICA.ConclusionsIt is important to preserve a normal branch arising from the dome of an aneurysm although it is technically demanding and a relative limitation. This case report describes a technique of coiling a bilobed aneurysm with a vital branch arising from the dome, with preservation of the branch and complete occlusion of the aneurysm using two microcatheters and a stent. This expands the repertoire of endovascular treatment of complex aneurysms.
Evaluating Late Holocene radiocarbon-based chronologies by matching palaeomagnetic secular variations to geomagnetic field models: an example from Lake Kalimpaa (Sulawesi, Indonesia)
Authors: Haberzettl Torsten , St-Onge Guillaume , Behling Hermann , Kirleis Wiebke 
Published: August 2012

Abstract

Palaeomagnetic and palaeoenvironmental data from Indonesia and particularly from the Island of Sulawesi are scarce and exact dating has turned out to be a challenge in many archives from this region. Here we outline difficulties in radiocarbon dating of the palaeoenvironmental record from Lake Kalimpaa, Sulawesi, Indonesia. These difficulties demand the integration of additional parameters to obtain a reliable chronology for this record. Thus, we compare the palaeomagnetic secular variation data from this record with the CALS3k.4 spherical harmonic geomagnetic model of the 0–3 ka field (
Korte & Constable 2011
). The resulting age–depth model for the Lake Kalimpaa sequence provides a profound basis for further multi-proxy investigations on this record. For the first time, high-resolution palaeomagnetic secular variation data continuously spanning the past 1300 years are presented for this region, which complement existing records with lower temporal resolution or records missing the top-most sections.
Visual identification and quantification of Milankovitch climate cycles in outcrop: an example from the Upper Ordovician Kope Formation, Northern Kentucky
Authors: Ellwood Brooks B. , Brett Carlton E. , Tomkin Jonathan H. , Macdonald William D. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract

Applying time-series analyses using Fourier transform and multi-taper methods to low-field, mass-specific magnetic susceptibility (χ) measurements on marine samples from well-studied shale and limestone outcrops of the Upper Ordovician (Edenian Stage; Upper Katian) Kope Formation, northern Kentucky, corroborates direct visual identification in outcrops of Milankovitch eccentricity (
c.
405 and 100 ka), obliquity and precessional climate cycles. Because individual outcrops were too short and deposition too chaotic to yield significant time-series results, it was necessary to build a
c.
50 m thick composite sequence from three well-correlated outcrops to quantify the cyclicity. Time-series analysis was then performed using χ measured for 1004 closely spaced samples covering the section. Milankovitch bands are recorded in the time-series data from the composite. We tested this result by comparison of these bands to cyclic packages in outcrop, which correspond to thicknesses represented in the time-series datasets. This is particularly well defined for the eccentricity and obliquity cycles, with precessional bands being evident but as less well-defined packages of beds.
Rock-magnetic cyclostratigraphy for the Late Pliocene–Early Pleistocene Stirone section, Northern Apennine mountain front, Italy
Authors: Gunderson Kellen L. , Kodama Kenneth P. , Anastasio David J. , Pazzaglia Frank J. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract

Lithostratigraphic, magnetostratigraphic and rock-magnetic cyclostratigraphic data were combined to create a high-resolution age model for 342 m of Late Pliocene–Middle Pleistocene marine deposits exposed in the Stirone River, northern Italy. Magnetostratigraphic analysis of 74 oriented samples at 21 stratigraphic horizons recognized five polarity zones between
c.
3.0 and 1.0 Ma. Unoriented samples were collected every metre between 0 and 311 m and low-field magnetic susceptibility (
χ
) was measured for cyclostratigraphic analysis. The
χ
data series was tied to absolute time using the magnetostratigraphy and subjected to multi-taper method spectral analysis. The resultant power spectra revealed significant frequency peaks that are aligned with eccentricity, obliquity and precession Milankovitch orbital cycles. The
χ
data, correlated to the 41 ka obliquity and the 23 ka/19 ka precession cycles and anchored to a well-established biostratigraphic horizon, were used to create a high-resolution age model for the Stirone section between 2.99 and 1.81 Ma, where stratigraphic positions of magnetic reversals were previously poorly defined. This cyclostratigraphic age model reveals that the length of an important depositional hiatus at the base of the C2An.1n subchron is 200 ka shorter than previously determined. We link the precession-aligned variability in
χ
to global mid-latitude, insolation-induced variability in runoff and ocean circulation.
LRP1B Deletion in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancers Is Associated with Acquired Chemotherapy Resistance to Liposomal Doxorubicin
Authors: Cowin Prue A. , George Joshy , Fereday Sian , Loehrer Elizabeth , Van Loo Peter , Cullinane Carleen , Etemadmoghadam Dariush , Ftouni Sarah , Galletta Laura , Anglesio Michael S. , Hendley Joy , Bowes Leanne , Sheppard Karen E. , Christie Elizabeth L. ,   Australian Ovarian Cancer Study, Pearson Richard B. , Harnett Paul R. , Heinzelmann-Schwarz Viola , Friedlander Michael , McNally Orla , Quinn Michael , Campbell Peter , deFazio Anna , Bowtell David D.L. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractHigh-grade serous cancer (HGSC), the most common subtype of ovarian cancer, often becomes resistant to chemotherapy, leading to poor patient outcomes. Intratumoral heterogeneity occurs in nearly all solid cancers, including ovarian cancer, contributing to the development of resistance mechanisms. In this study, we examined the spatial and temporal genomic variation in HGSC using high-resolution single-nucleotide polymorphism arrays. Multiple metastatic lesions from individual patients were analyzed along with 22 paired pretreatment and posttreatment samples. We documented regions of differential DNA copy number between multiple tumor biopsies that correlated with altered expression of genes involved in cell polarity and adhesion. In the paired primary and relapse cohort, we observed a greater degree of genomic change in tumors from patients that were initially sensitive to chemotherapy and had longer progression-free interval compared with tumors from patients that were resistant to primary chemotherapy. Notably, deletion or downregulation of the lipid transporter LRP1B emerged as a significant correlate of acquired resistance in our analysis. Functional studies showed that reducing LRP1B expression was sufficient to reduce the sensitivity of HGSC cell lines to liposomal doxorubicin, but not to doxorubicin, whereas LRP1B overexpression was sufficient to increase sensitivity to liposomal doxorubicin. Together, our findings underscore the large degree of variation in DNA copy number in spatially and temporally separated tumors in HGSC patients, and they define LRP1B as a potential contributor to the emergence of chemotherapy resistance in these patients. Cancer Res; 72(16); 4060–73. ©2012 AACR.
Bone-Related Complications and Quality of Life in Advanced Breast Cancer: Results from a Randomized Phase III Trial of Denosumab versus Zoledronic Acid
Authors: Martin Miguel , Bell Richard , Bourgeois Hugues , Brufsky Adam , Diel Ingo , Eniu Alexandru , Fallowfield Lesley , Fujiwara Yasuhiro , Jassem Jacek , Paterson Alexander H.G. , Ritchie Diana , Steger Günther G. , Stopeck Alison , Vogel Charles , Fan Michelle , Jiang Qi , Chung Karen , Dansey Roger , Braun Ada 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Purpose: Denosumab was shown to be superior to zoledronic acid in preventing skeletal related events (SRE) in patients with breast cancer and bone metastases in a randomized, double-blind phase III study. We evaluated further results from this study related to skeletal complications and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).
Experimental Design: Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive subcutaneous denosumab 120 mg (n = 1,026) and intravenous placebo, or intravenous zoledronic acid 4 mg (n = 1,020) and subcutaneous placebo every 4 weeks. Analyses reported here include the proportion of patients with one or multiple on-study SREs, time to first radiation to bone, time to first SRE or hypercalcemia of malignancy, and change in HRQoL (functional assessment of cancer therapy–general).
Results: Fewer patients receiving denosumab than zoledronic acid had an on-study SRE (31% vs. 36%, P = 0.006). The incidence of first radiation to bone was 12% (n = 123) with denosumab versus 16% (n = 162) with zoledronic acid. Denosumab prolonged the time to first radiation to bone by 26% versus zoledronic acid (HR, 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59–0.94, P = 0.012) and prolonged the time to first SRE or hypercalcemia of malignancy by 18% (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.70–0.95; P = 0.007). Ten percent more patients had a clinically meaningful improvement in HRQoL with denosumab relative to zoledronic acid, regardless of baseline pain levels.
Conclusions: Denosumab was superior to zoledronic acid in reducing bone-related complications of metastatic breast cancer and maintained HRQoL, providing an efficacious, well-tolerated treatment option for patients with bone metastases from breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 18(17); 4841–9. ©2012 AACR.
New Strategies in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Redefining Prognostic Markers to Guide Therapy
Authors: Khan Irum , Altman Jessica K. , Licht Jonathan D. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Although standard therapy for AML has been relatively constant over the past 2 decades, this may be changing with enhanced technologies allowing for the classification of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) into molecularly distinct subsets. Some specific subsets of AML have an excellent prognosis in response to standard therapy, whereas the poor prognosis of AML associated with specific sets of mutations or chromosomal anomalies requires the development of new therapies. Elucidation of the molecular pathogenesis of AML has led to the development of therapies that affect signaling, apoptosis, protein and intermediate metabolism, the surface of the leukemia cell, leukemia cell/stromal interaction, and epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Clin Cancer Res; 18(19); 5163–71. ©2012 AACR.
Genetic Basis of Pancreas Cancer Development and Progression: Insights from Whole-Exome and Whole-Genome Sequencing
Authors: Iacobuzio-Donahue Christine A. , Velculescu Victor E. , Wolfgang Christopher L. , Hruban Ralph H. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPancreatic cancer is caused by inherited and acquired mutations in specific cancer-associated genes. The discovery of the most common genetic alterations in pancreatic cancer has provided insight into the fundamental pathways that drive the progression from a normal cell to noninvasive precursor lesions and finally to widely metastatic disease. In addition, recent genetic discoveries have created new opportunities to develop gene-based approaches for early detection, personalized treatment, and molecular classification of pancreatic neoplasms. Clin Cancer Res; 18(16); 4257–65. ©2012 AACR.
CSPG4 as a Target of Antibody-Based Immunotherapy for Malignant Mesothelioma
Authors: Rivera Zeyana , Ferrone Soldano , Wang Xinhui , Jube Sandro , Yang Haining , Pass Harvey I. , Kanodia Shreya , Gaudino Giovanni , Carbone Michele 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Purpose: Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive cancer, resistant to current therapies. Membrane chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4), which has been successfully targeted in melanoma and breast cancer, was found highly expressed in MM, but not in normal mesothelium. Therefore, we explored CSPG4 as a suitable target for monoclonal antibody (mAb)–based immunotherapy for MM.
Experimental design: We assayed adhesion, motility, invasiveness, wound-healing, apoptosis, and anchorage-independent growth of MM cells on cell cultures. CSPG4 expression and signaling was studied by immunoblotting. The growth of MM severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice xenografts induced by PPM-Mill cells, engineered to express the luciferase reporter gene, was monitored by imaging, upon treatment with CSPG4 mAb TP41.2. Animal toxicity and survival were assayed in both tumor inhibition and therapeutic experiments.
Results: CSPG4 was expressed on 6 out of 8 MM cell lines and in 25 out of 41 MM biopsies, with minimal expression in surrounding healthy cells. MM cell adhesion was mediated by CSPG4-dependent engagement of ECM. Cell adhesion was inhibited by mAb TP41.2 resulting in decreased phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and AKT, reduced expression of cyclin D1 and apoptosis. Moreover, mAb TP41.2 significantly reduced MM cell motility, migration, and invasiveness, and inhibited MM growth in soft agar. In vivo, treatment with mAb TP41.2 prevented or inhibited the growth of MM xenografts in SCID mice, with a significant increase in animal survival.
Conclusion: These results establish the safety of CSPG4 mAb-based immunotherapy and suggest that CSPG4 mAb-based immunotherapy may represent a novel approach for the treatment of MM. Clin Cancer Res; 18(19); 5352–63. ©2012 AACR.
Risk of Elective Major Noncardiac Surgery After Coronary Stent Insertion
Authors: Wijeysundera Duminda N. , Wijeysundera Harindra C. , Yun Lingsong , Wąsowicz Marcin , Beattie W. Scott , Velianou James L. , Ko Dennis T. 
Published: August 2012

Background—
Guidelines recommend that noncardiac surgery be delayed until 30 to 45 days after bare-metal stent implantation and 1 year after drug-eluting stent implantation.

Methods and Results—
We used linked registry data and population-based administrative health care databases to conduct a cohort study of 8116 patients (≥40 years of age) who underwent major elective noncardiac surgery in Ontario, Canada between 2003 and 2009, and received coronary stents within 10 years before surgery. Approximately 34% (n=2725) underwent stent insertion within 2 years before surgery, of whom 905 (33%) received drug-eluting stents. For comparison, we assembled a separate cohort of 341 350 surgical patients who had not undergone coronary revascularization. The primary outcome was 30-day major adverse cardiac events (mortality, readmission for acute coronary syndrome, or repeat coronary revascularization). The overall rate of 30-day events in patients with coronary stents was 2.1% (n=170). When the interval between stent insertion and surgery was <45 days, event rates were high for bare-metal (6.7%) and drug-eluting (20.0%) stents. When the interval was 45 to 180 days, the event rate for bare-metal stents was 2.6%, approaching that of intermediate-risk nonrevascularized individuals. Adjusted analyses suggested that event rates were increased if this interval exceeded 180 days. For drug-eluting stents, the event rate was 1.2% once the interval exceeded 180 days, approaching that of intermediate-risk nonrevascularized individuals.

Conclusions—
The earliest optimal time for elective surgery is 46 to 180 days after bare-metal stent implantation or >180 days after drug-eluting stent implantation.
Who cares for it? How to provide psychosocial interventions in the community
Authors: Pingani Luca , Fiorillo Andrea , Luciano Mario , Catellani Sara , Vinci Vera , Ferrari Silvia , Rigatelli Marco 
Published: August 2012

Background: Since the Mental Health Reform Law 1978/180, in Italy mental hospitals have been progressively closed and a community-centred psychiatric care oriented to rehabilitation began. After almost 35 years, the de-institutionalization process is now complete. However, psychosocial interventions in the community are provided only rarely, although a specific mental health professional, the psychiatric rehabilitation technician, has been established in Italy. Material: Training courses and the education of psychosocial rehabilitation technicians have been analysed and the university degree has been described. Moreover, the practical and theoretical skills needed at the end of the training course have been discussed. Discussion: Psychiatric rehabilitation technicians are trained to perform multidisciplinary rehabilitative and educational interventions for people with severe mental disorders and their carers. They represent an innovative professional workforce in mental health care, not yet established outside Italy, whose role and activities are essential in a community-based mental health system model. Conclusion: The skills needed for properly performing psychosocial interventions are not available in other mental health professionals and it is not possible that these interventions, which require in-depth training, are performed by professionals with a different background. It is advisable that psychiatric rehabilitation technicians become an integral and permanent component of an efficient community psychiatric staff.
The effect of CYP1A1, GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms on the risk of lung cancer
Authors: Atinkaya Cansel , Taspinar Mehmet , Sakiragaoglu Onur , Oz Gurhan , Yazici Ulku , Oztuna Derya , Tastepe Irfan , Sunguroglu Asuman 
Published: August 2012

Lung cancer, which is mainly affected by environmental factors, is a lethal malignancy. It is also important to investigate the effect of genetic factors on lung cancer aetiology. In this study, we aimed to investigate the distribution of CYP1A1*2C, GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms in Turkish lung cancer patients to determine whether any promoting effect of polymorphisms could cause development of lung cancer. For this purpose, genomic DNA samples obtained from peripheral blood of 128 patients with lung cancer and 122 healthy subjects were analyzed. Genotyping of polymorphic enzymes were carried out by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. Although there were no significant differences between groups in terms of CYP1A1 polymorphism, the carriers of CYP1A1 Ile/Val genotype (odds ratio [OR] = 1.224, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.585–2.564) or CYP1A1 Val/Val genotype (OR = 3.058, 95% CI: 0.312–30.303) had an increased risk of lung cancer development. There was no statistical difference between groups in terms of both GSTT1 null genotype (OR = 1.114, 95% CI: 0.590–2.105) and GSTM1 null genotype (OR = 0.776, 95% CI: 0.466–1.290). This is the first case–control study investigating CYP1A1 Ile/Val, GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms in Turkish lung cancer patients. Although we suggest that other genes in addition to the proposed genes could play a role in lung cancer development, the results of our study will contribute to the possible associations between CYP1A1 Ile/Val, GSTT1 and GSTM1 gene polymorphism on the risk of lung cancer.