bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization and improvement of cell line performance via flow cytometry and cell sorting
Authors: Moretti Pierre , Behr Larissa , Walter Johanna G. , Kasper Cornelia , Stahl Frank , Scheper Thomas 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe improvement of specific productivity is a continuous challenge for bioprocesses involving mammalian cells, and hence, high‐throughput methods and low‐cost strategies are needed for the selection of high producers. The aim of this study was the productivity improvement of the hybridoma cell line IV F 19.23. For this purpose, a cell surface affinity matrix assay was established to identify and select high producers. This assay is based on the binding of secreted monoclonal antibodies to an affinity matrix assembled on the outer cell membrane. A protein microarray approach was used to investigate and optimize the functionality of the affinity matrix. The protein microarray was particularly useful to identify critical steps of the staining method, such as unspecific binding, before it was applied to the hybridoma cell line. Secreting hybridomas were treated with the affinity matrix and then selected via flow‐cytometric cell sorting in four consecutive bulk sort rounds. The applied bulk strategy, allowing low screening costs, resulted in a 125% increase in specific productivity of the cell line in comparison to the initial population.
Evolutionary and swarm intelligence‐based approaches for optimization of lipase extraction from fermented broth
Authors: Garlapati Vijay Kumar , Banerjee Rintu 
Published: March 2010

AbstractEvolutionary and swarm intelligence‐based optimization approaches, namely genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO), were utilized to determine the optimal conditions for the lipase extraction process. The input space of the nonlinear response surface model of lipase extraction served as the objective function for both approaches. The optimization results indicate that the lipase activity was significantly improved, more than 20 U/g of dry substrate (U/gds), in both approaches. PSO (133.57 U/gds in the 27th generation) outperforms GA (132.24 U/gds in the 320th generation), slightly in terms of optimized lipase activity and highly in terms of convergence rate. The simple structure associated with the effective memory capability of PSO renders it superior over GA. The proposed GA and PSO approaches, based on a biological phenomenon, are considered as natural and thus may replace the traditional gradient‐based optimization approaches in the field of downstream processing of enzymes.
Experiment and analysis of a leverage‐type stiffness‐controllable isolation system for seismic engineering
Authors: Lu Lyan‐Ywan , Lin Tzu‐Kang , Yeh Shih‐Wei 
Published: March 2010

AbstractOwing to the fixed design parameters in traditional isolation systems, the optimal isolation performance may not always be achieved when a structure is subjected to a nondesign earthquake. At the same time, even though an active isolation system (AIS) can offer a better reduction for different seismic waves, in practice the control energy required still constrains its application. To solve this problem, a novel semi‐active isolation system called the Leverage‐type Stiffness Controllable Isolation System (LSCIS) is proposed in this paper. By utilizing a simple leverage mechanism, the isolation stiffness and the isolation period of the LSCIS can be easily controlled by adjusting the position of the pivot point of the leverage arm. The theoretical basis and the control law for the proposed system were first explained in this work, and then a shaking table test was conducted to verify the theory and the feasibility of the LSCIS. As shown in the experiment, the seismic behavior of the LSCIS can be successfully simulated by the theoretical model, and the isolation stiffness can be properly adjusted to reduce the seismic energy input in the LSCIS system. A comparison of the LSCIS with the other systems including passive isolation and AISs has demonstrated that based on the same limitation of base displacement, better acceleration reduction can be achieved by the LSCIS than by any of the other isolation systems. In addition, the control energy required by the LSCIS is lower than that for an AIS using the traditional LQR control algorithm. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of building period formulas for seismic design
Authors: Kwon Oh‐Sung , Kim Eung Soo 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBuilding period formulas in seismic design code are evaluated with over 800 apparent building periods from 191 building stations and 67 earthquake events. The evaluation is carried out with the formulas in ASCE 7‐05 for steel and RC moment‐resisting frames, shear wall buildings, braced frames, and other structural types. Qualitative comparison of measured periods and periods calculated from the code formulas shows that the formula for steel moment‐resisting frames generally predicts well the lower bound of the measured periods for all building heights. But the differences between the periods from code formula and measured periods of low‐ to‐medium rise buildings are relatively high. In addition, the periods of essential buildings designed with the importance factor are about 40% shorter than the periods of non‐essential buildings. The code formula for RC moment‐resisting frames describes well the lower bound of measured periods. The formula for braced frames accurately predicts the lower bound periods of low‐to‐medium rise buildings. The formula for shear wall buildings overestimates periods for all building heights. For buildings that are classified as other structural types, the measured building periods can be much shorter than the periods calculated with the code formula. Based on these observations, it is suggested to use Cr factor of 0.015 for shear walls and other structural types. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Kalirin‐7, an important component of excitatory synapses, is regulated by estradiol in hippocampal neurons
Authors: Ma Xin‐Ming , Huang Jian‐Ping , Kim Eun‐Ji , Zhu Qing , Kuchel George A. , Mains Richard E. , Eipper Betty A. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractEstradiol enhances the formation of dendritic spines and excitatory synapses in hippocampal neurons in vitro and in vivo, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Kalirin‐7 (Kal7), the major isoform of Kalirin in the adult hippocampus, is a Rho GDP/GTP exchange factor localized to postsynaptic densities. In the hippocampus, both Kal7 and estrogen receptor α (ERα) are highly expressed in a subset of interneurons. Over‐expression of Kal7 caused an increase in spine density and size in hippocampal neurons. To determine whether Kalirin might play a role in the effects of estradiol on spine formation, Kal7 expression was examined in the hippocampus of ovariectomized rats. Estradiol replacement increased Kal7 staining in both CA1 pyramidal neurons and interneurons in ovariectomized rats. Estradiol treatment of cultured hippocampal neurons increased Kal7 levels at the postsynaptic side of excitatory synapses and increased the number of excitatory synapses along the dendrites of pyramidal neurons. These increases were mediated via ERα because a selective ERα agonist, but not a selective ERβ agonist, caused a similar increase in both Kal7 levels and excitatory synapse number in cultured hippocampal neurons. When Kal7 expression was reduced using a Kal7‐specific shRNA, the density of excitatory synapses was reduced and estradiol was no longer able to increase synapse formation. Expression of exogenous Kal7 in hippocampal interneurons resulted in decreased levels of GAD65 staining. Inhibition of GABAergic transmission with bicuculline produced a robust increase in Kal7 expression. These studies suggest Kal7 plays a key role in the mechanisms of estradiol‐mediated synaptic plasticity. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
MicroRNA signatures in Helicobacter pylori‐infected gastric mucosa
Authors: Matsushima Kayoko , Isomoto Hajime , Inoue Naoki , Nakayama Toshiyuki , Hayashi Tomayoshi , Nakayama Masaaki , Nakao Kazuhiko , Hirayama Toshiya , Kohno Shigeru 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe study was conducted to determine expression patterns of microRNA (miRNA), a non‐coding RNA that controls gene expression mainly through translational repression, in gastric mucosa infected with Helicobacter pylori. Using endoscopic biopsy specimens, miRNA expression patterns in H. pylori‐infected gastric mucosa were determined by microarray. The differentially expressed miRNAs were quantitated by real‐time reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). An in vitro infection model was assessed to monitor the regulation of miRNAs in gastric epithelium in response to H. pylori. The comprehensive method unraveled the expression profiles; among 470 human miRNAs loaded, 55 were differentially expressed between H. pylori‐positive and ‐negative subjects. The expression levels were significantly decreased in 30 miRNAs, whereas hsa‐miRNA‐223 was the only miRNA to be overexpressed on quantitative RT‐PCR. Eight miRNAs enabled discrimination of H. pylori status with acceptable accuracy. Gastritis scores of activity and chronic inflammation according to the updated Sydney system correlated significantly with the expression levels of diverse miRNAs. Cure of the infection with an anti‐H. pylori regimen restored decreased expression in 14 of the 30 miRNAs. Expression levels of some miRNAs, including let‐7 family members, were significantly altered following infection with a virulent H. pylori strain carrying intact cag pathogenicity island including cagA but not isogenic mutants. These results provide insights into miRNA involvement in the pathogenesis of H. pylori‐associated gastritis. cagA may be involved in cellular regulation of certain miRNAs in the gastric epithelium.
Tumor rejection by local interferon gamma induction in established tumors is associated with blood vessel destruction and necrosis
Authors: Briesemeister Dana , Sommermeyer Daniel , Loddenkemper Christoph , Loew Rainer , Uckert Wolfgang , Blankenstein Thomas , Kammertoens Thomas 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIt has been shown that injecting a suspension of IFN‐γ‐secreting tumor cells results in their rejection. This effect has been attributed to IFN‐γ preventing tumor stroma formation but not to a direct effect on the cancer cells. However, it is not known, which influence IFN‐γ has on tumors with an established stroma. To address this question, the plasmacytoma cell line J558L was transduced with a vector allowing doxycycline‐inducible IFN‐γ gene expression. After the injection of the tumor cells into mice, IFN‐γ was induced at different time points. Tumors did not grow when inducing IFN‐γ immediately after tumor cell inoculation, while approximately half of the tumors were rejected when IFN‐γ was induced in early established tumors within 2 weeks. Induction of IFN‐γ 2–3 weeks after tumor cell inoculation was less efficient (0–17% rejection). IFN‐γ induction in established tumors led to a reduction of CD146+ endothelial cells and massive necrosis. Together, we show that vascularized tumors can be rejected by local IFN‐γ expression, but that rejection of established tumors was less efficient over time. This suggests that transplanted tumors became less susceptible to local IFN‐γ treatment the better they are established.
New generation IQ‐200 automated urine microscopy analyzer compared with KOVA cell chamber
Authors: Altekin Emel , Kadiçesme Ozgur , Akan Pinar , Kume Tuncay , Vupa Ozgul , Ergor Gul , Abacioglu Hakan 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjective: The examination of the urine remains to be one of the most commonly performed tests in laboratory practice. Currently, laboratories also need to accredit their urine diagnostics by comparing their measurement methods to acceptable references. In this study we compared particle counts obtained by new generation automated technique, image capture analysis (IQ‐200) with those of a standardized chamber counts. Design and Methods: The same 258 urine samples from different departments of a hospital assayed by IQ‐200 were analyzed in parallel with the KOVA cell chamber system. Clinically significant discrepancy results (positive vs. negative) for red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) were also compared with those obtained by dipstick testing. Results: There was a good agreement between the automated system and sediment microscopy for RBCs, WBCs, and squamous epithelial cells (SCs) (r=0.90; r=0.80; r=0.72, respectively: P<0.001). The IQ‐200 was more sensitive for determining RBCs, WBCs, and SCs than other formed elements. Conclusions: IQ‐200 can perform accurate quantification of microscopic element in urine. However, automated techniques are not completely free of error. Therefore, by adopting an appropriate algorithm and combining the results with stript analysis and other laboratory tests allows further reduction of clinically important errors. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 24:67–71, 2010.  © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Myth and reality: practical test system for the measurement of anti‐DNA antibodies in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Authors: McCloskey Laura J. , Christner Paul , Jacobs‐Kosmin Dana , Jaskowski Troy D. , Hill Harry R. , Lakos Gabriella , Teodorescu Marius 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe myth persists that only the labor intensive Farr radioimmunoassay and Crithidia luciliae immunofluorescence (CL‐IFA) are systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)‐specific tests. We compared them to ELISA with bacteriophage λ DNA (EL‐dsDNA) and denatured calf thymus DNA (EL‐ssDNA). By percentile ranking, the specificity cut‐off level was set both out of clinical context (SOCC) on 100 blood bank donors, and in clinical context (SICC) on 100 patients with either rheumatoid arthritis or scleroderma (50/50). Clinical sensitivity was calculated on 100 random SLE patients. At 95% SICC, the sensitivity of Farr, CL‐IFA, EL‐dsDNA, and EL‐ssDNA was similar (95%CI): 76% (66–84), 76% (66–84), 63% (53–72), and 75% (65–83), respectively; 87% of the patients were positive by at least one method and 55%by all methods. At 99% SICC, the sensitivity was also similar (95% CI): 57% (47–67), 47% (37–57), 58% (47–67), and 43% (33–53), respectively. The areas under ROC curve were similar (95% CI) when patients were used as controls for specificity. At 99% SOCC, EL‐ssDNA identified 89% positive, 2 negative but positive by another method at 95% SICC, and 9 negative (i.e. 89/2/9), followed by CL‐IFA (80/6/14), Farr (76/12/12), and EL‐dsDNA (64/23/13). Thus, at relatively low cost and easy automation, under the same conditions of specificity, the two ELISA tests combined were at least as good, if not superior, to CL‐IFA or Farr: they showed similar clinical sensitivity and also identified more patients with anti‐DNA antibodies. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 24:77–84, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification of melamine/cyanuric acid‐containing nephrolithiasis by infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Chen Wen‐Chi , Wu San‐Yuan , Liu Hsin‐Ping , Chang Chiao‐Hui , Chen Huey‐Yi , Chen Hsin‐Yi , Tsai Chou‐Huang , Chang Yi‐Chun , Tsai Fuu‐Jen , Man Kee‐Ming , Liu Po‐Len , Lin Feng‐Yen , Shen Jui‐Lung , Lin Wei‐Yong , Chen Yung‐Hsiang 
Published: March 2010

AbstractMelamine‐contaminated milk formula caused infant nephrolithiasis in some areas of China. Its combination with cyanuric acid causes crystallization in renal tubules. Following this renal damage and even renal failure that require long‐term hemodialysis has been reported. Therefore, correct and timely diagnosis of these complex diseases is critical. Melamine containing stone is a combination of equal molar ratios of common stone compositions that has been reported from previous animal studies. We have previously identified the compositions of urinary tract stones with infrared (IR) spectroscopy. We hypothesized that the absorbance of wavelength of IR can identify melamine/cyanuric acid in the presence of mixing human stone compositions. In this study, we made an artificial stone composition and examine under IR absorbance by mixing equal molar ratios of melamine/cyanuric acid with different types of human urinary stones, and established a reference of IR analysis for the identification of melamine/cyanuric acid‐containing human urinary tract stones. Knowledge of the precise stone composition allowed institution of appropriate prophylactic dietary and medical therapy and this may help in the prevention of urinary stone recurrence. The results are promising that melamine and cyanuric acid can be identified clearly in a low percentile (∼1%) of stone mixture pellet. Therefore, IR seems to be an ideal tool for the identification of melamine/cyanuric acid‐containing stones. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 24:92–99, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Vertical sandwich‐type continuous/evaporative TLC with fixed mobile phase volume for separating sugars of clinical relevance in paper‐borne urine and blood samples in newborn screening
Authors: Alonso‐Fernandez J.R. , Carpinteiro M.I. , Baleato J. , Fidalgo J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe describe the history and current implementation of an inexpensive thin layer chromatography (TLC) method, vertical sandwich‐type continuous/evaporative TLC with fixed mobile phase volume, that is convenient for detecting and identifying reducing sugars of clinical relevance in the paper‐borne blood and urine samples collected in neonatal screening programmes. This method facilitates screening by providing a considerable degree of standardization of chromatographic results. Among some 555,000 newborns to which it has been applied, it has detected 10 cases of classical galactosaemia, 7 cases of galactokinase deficiency, 2 cases of glucosuria, and 3 cases of transitory neonatal diabetes mellitus; the only false negatives we are aware of were two cases of galacto‐4‐epimerase deficiency detected by tandem mass spectrometry. Screening for sugars in urine has allowed the detection of galactosaemia when the accompanying blood sample was invalid because of transfusion or parenteral feeding. The conclusion is that this inexpensive procedure is very useful for the detection of relevant metabolopathies in circumstances where others fail. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 24:106–112, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Metabolic impact on serum levels of complement component 3 in Japanese patients
Authors: Ohsawa Isao , Inoshita Hiroyuki , Ishii Masaya , Kusaba Gaku , Sato Nobuyuki , Mano Satoshi , Onda Kisara , Gohda Tomohito , Horikoshi Satoshi , Ohi Hiroyuki , Tomino Yasuhiko 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe aim of this study was to explore the association between the serum concentration of complement component 3 (C3) and a variety of metabolic parameters. The study involved 125 patients in our outpatient clinic. Anthropometric and clinical laboratory data were collected and statistical associations between the serum concentration of C3 and other parameters were evaluated in a cross‐sectional as well as a prospective manner. A group of male patients with metabolic syndrome (Mets, n=35) were characterized by marked increase in serum concentrations of C3, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hemoglobin (Hb) A1c, insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR), triglyceride, uric acid, urinary protein, and Hb. In a one‐way analysis of variance of all subjects, the serum concentration of C3 was significantly elevated as the number of items of complying with the Mets diagnostic criteria increased. In 60 of 125 patients who did not have diabetes and were given anti‐lipogenetic medication, the serum concentration of C3 showed significant positive associations with serum levels of CH50, insulin, HOMA‐IR, total cholesterol, hematocrit, LDL‐c, C4, Hb, triglyceride, BMI, and albumin. In a prospective follow‐up evaluation (n=35), there was a significant positive association between ΔC3 (the second concentration of serum C3 minus the first concentration of serum C3)and ΔHOMA‐IR (the second concentration of HOMA‐IR minus the first concentration of HOMA‐IR). In conclusion, in Japanese patients, there is evidence implicating C3 concentration as a marker of Mets coinciding with insulin resistance. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 24:113–118, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ameliorative potential of resveratrol on proinflammatory cytokines, hyperglycemia mediated oxidative stress, and pancreatic β‐cell dysfunction in streptozotocin‐nicotinamide‐induced diabetic rats
Authors: Palsamy P. , Subramanian S. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractChronic exposure of pancreatic β‐cells to supraphysiologic glucose causes adverse β‐cell dysfunction. Thus, the present study was aimed to investigate the hypothesis that oral administration of resveratrol attenuates hyperglycemia, proinflammatory cytokines and antioxidant competence and protects β‐cell ultrastructure in streptozotocin‐nicotinamide‐induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of resveratrol (5 mg/kg body weight) to diabetic rats for 30 days showed a significant decline in the levels of blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, NF‐κB p65 unit and nitric oxide (NO) with concomitant elevation in plasma insulin. Further, resveratrol treated diabetic rats elicited a notable attenuation in the levels of lipid peroxides, hydroperoxides and protein carbonyls in both plasma and pancreatic tissues. The diminished activities of pancreatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST) as well as the decreased levels of plasma ceruloplasmin, vitamin C, vitamin E and reduced glutathione (GSH) in diabetic rats were reverted to near normalcy by resveratrol administration. Based on histological and ultrastructural observations, it is first‐time reported that the oral administration of resveratrol may effectively rescue β‐cells from oxidative damage without affecting their function and structural integrity. The results of the present investigation demonstrated that resveratrol exhibits significant antidiabetic potential by attenuating hyperglycemia, enhancing insulin secretion and antioxidant competence in pancreatic β‐cells of diabetic rats. J. Cell. Physiol. 224: 423–432, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.