bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dementia in Parkinson's disease: Case report
Authors: Oliveira S.G. , Pereira S.M. , Mendes J. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionParkinson's disease (PD) dementia is a rapidly growing global health problem. Dementia in PD is often accompanied with neuropsychiatric manifestations, such as depression, insomnia, visual hallucinations and psychomotor agitation, which need psychiatric attention.ObjectivesThe authors’ aim is to report a case of a 76-year-old female suffering from PD who was admitted to the psychiatric yard exhibiting neuropsychiatric symptoms. A literature's review about PD dementia was also made.Case reportPatient had one psychiatric hospitalization at age 41, due to depressive symptoms. PD diagnose was made at age 65 and initially responded well to levodopa. Over the subsequent years, motor fluctuations and dyskinesias as well as autonomic, cognitive and psychological symptoms gradually developed. At 75 years, patient's family stated that she had been more forgetful, impulsive, showing signs of anxiety and dysphoria. She was hospitalized exhibiting psychomotor agitation, disorientation, insomnia and mainly nocturnal visual hallucinations with persons. Diagnostic testing included: cranial tomography which showed mild generalized atrophy but no other structural cause of her symptoms; laboratory tests with B12, folic acid, thyroid function; syphilis detection test and examinations of serum and urine were normal. The MMSE scored 19. Attention deficits and constructional apraxia were present in clock drawing test. Treatment was initiated with memantine and a low dose of quetiapine. She was discharged after 20 days with improvement of neuropsychiatric symptoms.ConclusionsEarly diagnosis and treatment of dementia in PD may prevent psychiatric hospitalization and avoid patient's and family's distress.
Assessment and support for carers of dementia patients at sandwell park hospital, hartlepool, UK
Authors: Reddy J. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionNICE Guidelines on Dementia (CG42) recommends that the Carers assessments should seek to identify any psychological distress and the psychosocial impact on the carer, including after the person with dementia has entered residential care. The assessment is offered by Health and social care managers.The assessment includes-Individual or Group Psycho education-Peer support groups, tailored to the needs of the individual (for example, the stage of dementia of the person being cared for)-Telephone support and internet information-Training courses about dementia, services and benefits.-Psychological therapies like CBT-Practical support like transport, day care and Respite/short-break careObjectiveTo identify the support received by the carers of patients suffering from Dementia.MethodA standardised questionnaire was answered by 25 carers attending the Outpatient clinics, Memory clinics, Day Hospital & Inpatients at Sandwell park Hospital, Hartlepool. The questionnaire contained 8 questions reflecting NICE guidelines. The audit was carried out between Nov 2008 and Jan 2009.ResultsThe standard was met up to 80% (20).Everybody was aware of all the available support except five carers.Three were not aware of the Psychological therapies and two were not aware of Training courses about Dementia.Conclusions.Dissemination of the report through Trust email to the Health and social care managers involved in the care of the carers in the catchment area..Educational meetings for the carers to be arranged.Conduct the Audit in a year's time.
Towards an improvement of medical and psychological care in a nursing home
Authors: Rojo Á. , Fernandez E. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionValle Inclán Nursing Home is a multifunctional centre of Gerontology, that offers social and health services to elderly people, either with physical independence or with physical and psychic disabilities. Mental illness is studied from a multidisciplinary point of view, and these different therapeutic programs are implemented: psychological support for adjustment disorders, cognitive-behavioural therapy for mood disorders and overall medical examination of dementia. The total sample of patients that are studied is 445, chronologically distributed according the next data: N: 234 (2006), N: 264 (2007), N: 258 (2008) y N: 243 (2009).ObjectivesTo know the prevalence of the main psychiatric pathologies and to compare to data found in scientific literature.To find data that can be used in order to improve the quality of medical care and psychosocial attention.MethodThe prevalence of different psychiatric conditions treated by this mental health department, and the variation of these data for the last four years are showed. These data are compared with those in scientific literature.ResultsMental illness prevalence distribution is similar to the prevalence that is found in scientific literature. Dementia is the most prevalent pathology, and mood disorders are in the second place.ConclusionsThe decrease in the prevalence of mood disorders is probably on account of the implementation of specific psychotherapeutic programs. An increase in the prevalence of dementia can be explained by the improvement of screening of this illness and/or the increasing social request for admission to these nursing homes.
The elderly over 90yr affected by deperession post-stroke respond well to antidepressant therapy with SSRI? study on a population admitted in nursing home (RSA)
Authors: Santangelo A. , Testai M. , Albani S. , Cappello A. , Castelli R. , Pavano S. , Tomarchio M. , Maugeri D. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionThe frailty of elderly in Tenth Decade with stroke was considered a certainty for many years ruling, and the stroke in 90 year old was a paradigm of fragility in gerontology. However soon enough the existing data on the population in nursing homes.MethodThe aim of this study was to evaluate the response to therapy SSRI antidepressants (fluoxetine 20–40 mg; sertraline 25–100 mg,; citalopram 10–40 mg) in a population of olds with depression after-stroke hospitalized in Nursing Home (RSA) at Catania (Sicily). We evaluated a total sample of 66 patients comparing the 13 patients 90yr-old with the 53 patients younger pertaining to the same RSA for stroke.ResultsStackable with somatic comorbidity and the post-stroke depression between the two populations, we founded:1.Both populations are responsive to antidepressant treatment with SSRIs2.The ninety recover more and more 'rapid cognitive impairment3.Both Populations improves the performances with rehabilitation recovering functional self-autonomy, albeit from different levels.4.The nutrient levels overlap in both populations and increased fragility biological of over 90-year old is evident for among of Prevalence and incidence of Delirium and Presence of Pressure Sores.ConclusionAccording to this data the response to antidepressants seems to be good and totally overlapped with the population most 'young studied as a reference.This data also confirms that it is not age itself but the comorbidity of diseases present that make it’ a frail old man and that probably the frailty of the nineties is a biological myth.
Prevalence of mental disorders in late life
Authors: Semke V.Y. 
Published: May 2011

In late life patients considerably more seldom than patients of other age groups reach attention of psychiatrists due to obliteration of symptoms of mental suffering, their masked by somatic symptoms manifestation, not seldom - negative attitude of relatives toward psychiatric assistance etc.Study of patients of elder and older age at units of somatic hospital of another profile (therapeutic, cardiologic, neurological, traumatologic) has shown that mental disturbances are revealed in 74,4 % of them. Non-psychotic forms of disorders are basic (73,8 %), more seldom psychoses are found (18,6 %) and dementias of various nature (7,6 %). Of most prevalence in this contingent were disorders related with cerebral-vascular diseases (42,6 %), including those with acute disturbances of brain blood circulation (20,5 %). Somatogenic mental disorders occupy more modest place counting 8,8%. Neuroses including nosogenias are observed in 9,2 % of cases. Endogenous diseases are rarely found in patients of a somatic institution (6,7 %).In recent years significant growth of organic mental disorders in Russian Federation occurs predominantly at the expense of the elderly. In structure of this pathology as selective epidemiological investigations show the first place according to incidence rate is occupied by cerebral-vascular diseases (34,1 %); the second place is occupied by neurotic disturbances (26,0 %); the third one - affective disorders (15,4 %).Differences in sickness rate and morbidity in such conditions identified by researchers in different populations may reflect more particularly their diagnostic approaches than the true differences in incidence and prevalence.
Prevalence of paranoid symptomatology in the elderly and relationship to organic brain factors
Authors: Serrano Díaz de Otálora M. , Gómez-Arnau Ramírez J. , Martínez de Velasco R. , Artieda Urrutia P. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionPsychotic diseases in the elderly are underdiagnosed due to the limited use of medical resources. Advanced age makes psychoses of any cause less pure and differentiated, since old age adds a cognitive-impairment component to the basal psychotic defect.ObjectivesWe intend to estimate the prevalence of paranoid symptoms in older patients, and to study the many medical conditions associated with psychosis.MethodsWe conducted a literature review and we have performed a review of several clinical trials.ResultsWe found 12.1% of paranoid symptoms in the elderly with cognitive impairment. In absence of this factor, we found a prevalence of 14.1% for suspicion tendencies, 6.9% for paranoid thoughts and 5.5% for evident delusions. These figures were significantly higher in old black people.We present a table of the main medical conditions that can produce psychotic symptoms. Some cases of apparently typical delusional disorder can appear as a long-term complication of some of these diseases. If organic factors are subtle and long lasting, the clinical may reproduce a fairly typical delusional disorder and may respond to treatment with neuroleptic drugs.ConclusionsIt seems possible that organic brain factors are more common that we believe, becoming essential a comprehensive study of the old psychotic patient. We should pay more attention to psychotic symptoms in elderly patients and avoid conclusions based on cross-evaluations. Diagnosis will be defined by evolution in most of the cases.
Depression and social support in old people
Authors: Shahbazi Z. , Ahmadi Gatab T. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionSocial support among old people is particularly important because Event of life may endanger the supportive networks in this age-group the administered researches on old people have shown that:Social support with more life satisfaction is less related to feeling of depression.ObjectiveThe aim of this study are the investigation of relationship between amount of depression and social support.MethodThe sample of this study is composed of 100 old people that were selected randomly data about depression and social support were collected by depression inventory and social support scale.ResultsThe results show that: the amount of depression among old people is approximately 22% and women reported more depression depression among people who lost their spouse was higher than illiterate people and people with higher education reported more depressive symptoms depression had a negative.Association with social support and old men in comparison with old women.Reported more social support, especially from family.DiscussionSome of studies noted that: family support and performance affect the mental health in old people and suggested: old people with psychological.Symptoms such as depression can benefit from family intimacy and wormth.
Clinical features of affective disorders in the elderly
Authors: Popova N.M. , Shakhurova N.I. , Schastnyy E.D. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionMood disorders in the elderly are a relevant clinical problem associated with high prevalence and frequent co-morbidity with chronic somatic diseases.ObjectiveStudy of clinical traits of depression in elder persons with somatic disorders.MethodsThe investigation was entered by 582 persons (women = 391 (67,1%), men = 191 (32,9%)), mean age of women has constituted 67,5 ± 5,8 years, men - 62,1 ± 3,8 years.Criteria of inclusionAge in women 55 years and higher, in men - 60 years and higher, clinical level of depression according to Beck Inventory more than 22 scores.ResultsAffective disorders were represented by symptom complexes that masked depression and complicated diagnosis. Clinical symptoms in the kind of anhedonia and complaints about anergia dominated (73,6%), whereas depression, melancholy have moved behind and have constituted 26,4%. Psychopathologic disturbances presented against the background of lingering chronically flowing neurological and somatic diseases (cerebral atherosclerosis, brain blood circulation impairment, IHD, HI, respiratory organs’ diseases) in 73,6 %. High risk of emergence of depressive disorders was noticed in widows with low level of education, living in rural area and in persons with somatic diseases. In 32% of probands we have revealed depression that correlated with marital status and feeling of loneliness (p > 0,005). In persons with high level of depression and experiencing feeling of loneliness, risk of suicidal behavioral was higher 2,1 as much.ConclusionsStudy of affective disorders in the elderly allows assessing co-morbidity of somatic and mental disorders, developing tactic of psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacological assistance rendering.
Effectiveness of the electric shock treatment on the old age patients
Authors: Shpak N. , Boldi I. , Maze-Launay I. 
Published: May 2011

The authors analyse 17 cases of electric shock treatment performed in the over 70th years old patients. They observe the effectiveness on affective status, the cognitive performance and the patient's autonomy. These items and the treatment's tolerance are measured before and after the treatment by a standardized geriatric assessment.The standardized geriatric assessment as an objective measure permit to put the target's indications and to monitorize the maintain of the benefits with electric shock treatment.
Discrimination of older people in Serbia
Authors: Todorovic N. , Milicevic Kalasic A. , Vracevic M. 
Published: May 2011

Abuse of older people is a single or a repeated act or a failure to act happening in a relationship between two persons based on trust that causes pain or disturbance on the part of the older person. Red Cross of Serbia is the initiator and the founding member of Humanas (the network of 15 civil society organisations dealing with the issues of older people) and is spearheading a campaign of sensitisation of the public in relation to discrimination, neglect and abuse of older people.Humanas has educated volunteers in Elder Abuse and Discrimination prevention.A survey has been done in 8 cities in Serbia polling 250 older people of both sexes, age 65 or above. The survey results demonstrate that 44% of all the polled people are familiar with the existence of abuse. Alarmingly, as high as 32% of older people have been exposed to some form of abuse, with the most frequent form being verbal abuse (11.2%) The polled older people have stressed that they hate being called names, made fun of and called stupid or illiterate, within their families as well as in the general community. As for prevention, 52% of the polled older people think that ‘everybody’, meaning both public and civil sector should play a role in prevention.ConclusionThe problem of abuse of older people has to be approached from a multi-sector and multi-disciplinary perspective. The emphasis should be on new, deeper surveys, education of professionals, family members and other care takers.
Anaemia in elderly in-patients in psychiatric hospitala serious problem or an innocent finding?
Authors: Yasir Hameed Y.A.M. , Beezhold J. , Everard M. 
Published: May 2011

BackgroundAnemia (and especially mild forms) is a frequent laboratory finding in the elderly and is usually regarded in our everyday practice in psychiatry as an incidental innocent finding.However, the growing body of literature proves otherwise.Recent literature shows that anemia in the elderly has serious negative impact on mortality, morbidity and quality of life in this age group.Despite the importance of this topic in mental health care, there is paucity or even lack of studies aiming to examine the magnitude of this problem in psychiatric hospitals and to suggest potential solutions for it.In this small study, we aim to examine the prevalence of anemia in an inpatient psychiatric hospital, the types of anemia found, the investigations done and if any treatment was given.Design and methodsInpatient case notes were examined retrospectively for patients admitted to the Julian hospital from June 2010 to December 2010.Anemia was defined according to the WHO criteria1 as a hemoglobin concentration lower than 12 g/dL in women and 13 g/dL in men.ResultsBased on WHO criteria, most of our elderly patients were found to be anemic, with a significantly higher frequency in men than in women. The prevalence of anemia increased with increasing age, both in men and in women.ConclusionsAnemia in elderly is a frequent, underappreciated and potentially morbid condition accounting for significant morbidity and mortality in this population.As mental health professionals, we must work with our colleagues in medicine to translate awareness into action.
Association of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene polymorphisms with early-onset and female schizophrenia in the chinese population
Authors: Yi Z. , Yu S. , Fang Y. 
Published: May 2011

BackgroundBrain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene may be involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia by virtue of its effects on neurotransmitter systems that are dysregulated in psychiatric disorder. The common functional polymorphism Val66Met (or rs6265) within the BDNF gene has been reported to be associated with age of onset in schizophrenia. We investigated the relationship between BDNF polymorphisms rs6265 and rs11030101 and early-onset schizophrenia in the Chinese population.Subjects and methodsThe tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (tag SNPs) rs11030101 and rs6265 in the BDNF gene were genotyped in 360 early-onset schizophrenics and 399 controls subjects. Single nucleotide polymorphism association and haplotype analysis were performed.ResultsThere were significant differences in allele and genotype frequencies between patient and normal control subjects for rs11030101 (χ2 = 5.130407, df = 1, p = 0.023553; χ2 = 6.121, df = 2, p = 0.047). No statistically significant differences were found in allele or genotype between patient and normal control subjects for rs6265. Stratification of the study by gender of the samples yielded significant evidence for an association with the polymorphisms rs11030101 in female population (genotype-wise: χ2 = 7.758, df = 2, p = 0.021).ConclusionsOur study indicates that the BDNF play major roles in the susceptibility to early-onset and female schizophrenia in the Chinese population.
Simple and multiple relations between just and unjust word beliefs with psychological state
Authors: Aalayi Z. , Ahmadi Gatab T. , Sadeghi Afjeh S. , Mesbah N. 
Published: May 2011

Introduction and objectivesThe main purpose of this research was to investigate the simple and multiple relations between just (general and global) and unjust word beliefs with psychological state.MethodTo this goal, 319 participants selected with the use of multi-stage random sampling method from the total population. Questionnaires which used in this research were: General Just Word Belief Scale, Unjust Word Belief Scale and SCL-90-R Scale were used. Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis method.ResultsWere used the results showed that there is negative significant relation between general just world belief with obsessive -compulsive (OC), interpersonal sensitivity (INT), depression (DEP), hostility (HOS) and paranoia (PAR), (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). Also results showed that there is negative significant relation between global just word belief with obsessive compulsive and depression, (p < 0.05). Results also showed a positive significant relation between unjust word beliefs with paranoia (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe results of the stepwise regression analysis, showed that only depression has a significant power for prediction of general just word beliefs and score of additional items in SCL-90-R have significant power for prediction of global just word belief. Results of regression analysis showed that interpersonal sensitivity (INE) and paranoia have significant power for prediction of unjust word belief. Finally the results showed that only paranoia has a significant power for prediction of unjust word belief. The implications of the results have been discussed.
The predicting well_being in social disorder based on self_discrepancy
Authors: Aalayi Z. , Ahmadi Gatab T. 
Published: May 2011

Introduction and objectivesThe paper aimed to study the relationship between self discrepancy and well-being in subjects suffering from social phobia. Previous research reveals that patients suffering from social phobia report a lower well-being and that self discrepancy have a positive correlation with well-being. So the question is which kind of self discrepancy decreases well-being through increasing social phobia.MethodsTo carry out this research 250 subjects were randomly selected based on Liebowitz’ s social phobia test given to a great number of university students. Subjects were asked to answer the tests on two domains of well-being and self discrepancy at the same time.ResultsThe results showed that “actualundesired” and “actualought” self discrepancy have more considerable effects on well-being respectively. Also, the direct effect of self discrepancy on well-being is more than the direct one.ConclusionsThese finding can be significant in treating social phobia and promoting well-being.
P02-270 “Education, education, education-” adult liaison psychiatry (consultation-liaison): Can service development fulfil educational needs?
Authors: Abbasi Y. , Pang A. , Vishwanath S. , Sarkar S. , Broadhurst M. , Gardner R. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionLiaison Psychiatry is primarily concerned with the detection and treatment of psychiatric disorders within the general hospitals. 1A study2 also highlighted the presence of only 45.5 core trainee posts in this speciality nationally.Aims & objectiveTo survey the liaison psychiatry service recently set up as a service provision at a psychiatry unit in North Derbyshire.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed all case notes of patients who had been assessed from January 2007 to June 2009 by the consultation-liaison service.ResultsA total of 136 patients had been assessed since this service began in September 2007. Majority of the patients (72%) were between the ages of 31 to 65 years, while the gender was equally distributed. 51% were referred from the medical ward and most of them had been referred by core trainee. 95% of the referral was during working hours and 74% of the patients were assessed within 24 hours. Their diagnosis was variable, for e.g. 29% had depression, 19% had substance misuse problems, 8% had psychosis etc. 66% of patients were managed by medication advice, psycho-education and referral to CMHT/GP.ConclusionsLiaison psychiatry was established for service provision, but it is apparent that it fulfilled both clinical and educational needs, despite the challenges. Adequate experience can be gained with a well supervised service. The overall educational value of designing and implementing a new service as a trainee cannot be overstated; it is something which is difficult to learn in classrooms.