bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of hypnotherapy compared to cognitive-behavioural therapy for mild-to-moderate depression: study protocol of a randomised-controlled rater-blind trial (WIKI-D)
Authors: Fuhr Kristina , Schweizer Cornelie , Meisner Christoph , Batra Anil 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionDespite a substantial number of studies providing evidence for the efficacy of psychological treatment for mild-to-moderate depression, maximally only 50% of participants respond to treatment, even when using gold-standard treatments such as cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and interpersonal therapy. New approaches such as the ‘third wave’ psychotherapies have provided promising results; however, studies concerning the comparison with evidence-based treatments are lacking. This study aims to compare the efficacy of clinical hypnotherapy (HT) with gold-standard psychotherapy (CBT) in the treatment of mild-to-moderate major depressive episodes.Methods and analysisThe present study comprises a monocentric, two-armed, randomised-controlled, rater-blind (non-inferiority) clinical trial. A total of 160 participants with mild-to-moderate major depression episode will be randomly assigned to either CBT or HT involving 20 sessions of psychotherapy over a period of 24 weeks. We predict that the average improvement in the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale score will not be inferior in HT compared with CBT (non-inferiority hypothesis).Further outcome parameters will include the number of participants responding to treatment following the completion of treatment and 1 year after. Additionally, quality of life, treatment expectations and hypnotic susceptibility before and after end of treatment will be assessed.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol and the documents for the informed consent have been approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Tuebingen (061/2015B02). The results of this trial will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals, and will be presented at national and international conferences.Trial registration numberNCT02375308; Pre-results.
Validation of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot Scale Dutch language version in patients with hindfoot fractures
Authors: De Boer A Siebe , Meuffels Duncan E , Van der Vlies Cornelis H , Den Hoed P Ted , Tuinebreijer Wim E , Verhofstad Michael H J , Van Lieshout Esther M M 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesThe American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot Scale is among the most used questionnaires for measuring functional recovery after a hindfoot injury. Recently, this instrument was translated and culturally adapted into a Dutch version. In this study, the measurement properties of the Dutch language version (DLV) were investigated in patients with a unilateral hindfoot fracture.DesignMulticentre, prospective observational study.SettingThis multicentre study was conducted in three Dutch hospitals.ParticipantsIn total, 118 patients with a unilateral hindfoot fracture were included. Three patients were lost to follow-up.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPatients were asked to complete the AOFAS-DLV, the Foot Function Index and the Short Form-36 on three occasions. Descriptive statistics (including floor and ceiling effects), reliability (ie, internal consistency), construct validity, reproducibility (ie, test–retest reliability, agreement and smallest detectable change (SDC)) and responsiveness were determined.ResultsInternal consistency was inadequate for the AOFAS-DLV total scale (α=0.585), but adequate for the function subscale (α=0.863). The questionnaire had adequate construct validity (82.4% of predefined hypotheses were confirmed), but inadequate longitudinal validity (70.6%). No floor effects were found, but ceiling effects were present in all AOFAS-DLV (sub)scales, most pronounced from 6 to 24 months after trauma onwards. Responsiveness was only adequate for the pain and alignment subscales, with a SDC of 1.7 points.ConclusionsThe AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot Scale DLV has adequate construct validity and is reliable, making it a suitable instrument for cross-sectional studies investigating functional outcome in patients with a hindfoot fracture. The inadequate longitudinal validity and responsiveness, however, hamper the use of the questionnaire in longitudinal studies and for assessing long-term functional outcome.Trial registration numberNTR5613; Post-results.
Dietary factors associated with anaemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics in Sekota town, Northern Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Ayele Kassahun , Demisew Meron 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundAnaemia is a major public health problem during pregnancy, especially in developing countries such as Ethiopia. Poor diet patterns are common contributors to anaemia. This study assessed the dietary factors associated with anaemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics in Sekota town, Northern Ethiopia.MethodsA facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June to August 2021 among 367 pregnant women who were selected using systematic random sampling techniques. A structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic, obstetric and dietary data. The nutritional status of pregnant women was assessed using a mid-upper arm circumference measuring tape, and haemoglobin levels were tested using the haematocrit centrifugation technique. The data were analysed using SPSS V.21. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess dietary factors associated with anaemia and p<0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.ResultsDietary pattern predictors such as meal frequency (adjusted OR (AOR)=0.27, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.59), meat consumption frequency (AOR=4.05, 95% CI: 2.46, 33.65), fruit and vegetable consumption frequency (AOR=2.88, 95% CI: 2.08, 26.81), Dietary Diversity Score (AOR=12.81, 95% CI: 3.93, 41.75), food aversion (AOR=0.12, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.47) and undernutrition (AOR=0.22, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.64) were significantly associated with anaemia.ConclusionPredictors of dietary pattern, such as meal frequency, Dietary Diversity Score, food aversion, meat consumption frequency, fruit and vegetable consumption frequency, and undernutrition were significantly associated with anaemia among pregnant women in the study area. Therefore, healthcare providers, policymakers, researchers and other stakeholders should pay special attention to maternal dietary patterns to address the identified factors. Programmes should be developed and implemented to improve optimal dietary patterns and proper nutrition during pregnancy to overcome anaemia and other pregnancy complications.
35 Carer-administration of as-needed sub-cutaneous medication for breakthrough symptoms in homebased dying patients: a uk study (CARIAD)
Authors: Wilkinson Clare , Poolman Marlise , Roberts Jessica , Wee Bee , Hiscock Julia , Hughes Dyfrig , Nelson Annmarie , Perkins Paul , Johnstone Rosalynde , Reymond Liz , Foster Betty , O’Connor Julie , Jones Sian , Hoare Zoe , Roberts Rossela , Byrne Anthony , Healy Sue , Lewis Penney 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionWhilst the majority of seriously ill people express a wish to die at home (79%), only half of those achieve this. The likelihood of patients remaining at home often depends on availability of able and willing informal carers who take on numerous care tasks, often including the responsibility of assisting patients with oral medications. The role of carers administering subcutaneous injections is not widespread practice in the UK, but has proven to be key in achieving home death in other countries.AimTo determine if carer-administration of as-needed subcutaneous medication for four breakthrough symptoms (pain, nausea, restlessness and noisy breathing) in homebased dying patients is feasible and acceptable in the UK.MethodsOne hundred adult patients in the last weeks of life who are likely to lose the oral route and have expressed a preference to die at home will be recruited with their carers to an external randomised pilot trial across three UK sites (North Wales, South Wales and Gloucestershire). Carers randomised to the intervention arm will receive a manualised training package adapted from an existing Australian model and delivered by local district nursing teams. Dyads in the control arm will receive usual care.ResultsThe main outcomes of interest will be feasibility, acceptability, recruitment rates, attrition and selection of the most appropriate outcomes measures.ConclusionFindings will inform a definitive Phase III randomised controlled trial.The study is funded by the National Institute for Health Research (HTA project 15/10/37). The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health.
42 ’Who cares and what matters?’: exploring end of life priorities of homeless adults in the uk
Authors: Webb Wendy Ann , Mitchell Theresa , Nyatanga Brian , Snelling Paul 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundPeople experiencing homelessness consistently fail to access palliative care services (Care Quality Commission 2016) and while there is much in the literature surrounding the barriers to appropriate health care (Hudson et al 2016), their specific needs and wishes remain poorly understood by health care professionals (Care Quality Commission 2016). This study aims to bridge the gap in knowledge.The research questionThe central question is ‘What matters most to homeless people in the UK as they consider end of life?’.Aim of studyThe aim of this interpretive phenomenological study is to explore the end of life priorities of a sample of homeless adults in the United Kingdom.MethodologyThis qualitative PhD project is a phenomenological study underpinned by the philosophy of French phenomenologist, Maurice Merleau-Ponty. Data is being collected through in-depth, semi-structured, audio-recorded 1:1 interviews with homeless adults across several UK counties. Interviews are taking place at staffed centres providing services for older homeless adults. Data is being analysed iteratively using thematic analysis.ResultsThis PhD is a work in progress. Early findings will be shared.ConclusionIt will not yet be possible to draw full conclusions from preliminary data. However, a deeper understanding of preferences and priorities will assist commissioners and healthcare professionals to plan and provide relevant palliative care services address the problem of homeless people dying without adequate support and with very little dignity or choice.A Research Scholarship from the Florence Nightingale Foundation has part-funded this PhD.References. Care Quality Commission (2016)A different ending: Addressing inequalities in end of life care. Available at: https://www.cqc.org.uk/sites/default/files/20160505 CQC_EOLC_OVERVIEW_FINAL_3.pdf.. Hudson, B., Flemming, K., Shulman, C. and Candy, B. (2016) ‘Challenges to access and provision of palliative care for people who are homeless: a systematic review of qualitative research’, BMC Palliative Care, 15(96).
45 Programme (LCADP) impact and results of a palliative education initiative: lothian care assistant development
Authors: Cassidy Lyndsay , Kieran Niall 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionSocial care teams are increasingly leading the delivery of care for elderly clients and their families who are living with a terminal illness. Marie Curie, in partnership with the City of Edinburgh, East Lothian, Midlothian and West Lothian Council’s identified the need for a bespoke education programme. The LCADP encompassed a single study day, followed by an online education programme with mentorship in the participants’ work setting.AimThe overall aim of the project was to increase the knowledge and confidence of frontline staff employed by each of the four Lothian councils to care for clients living with a terminal illness.MethodsA mixed methods approach was used. A survey was completed at four time points, including an impact survey up to six months post completion of the programme. Focus groups and interviews of a sample of social care workers, mentors and managers were also completed.Results514 participants completed the single day programme. 71 social care workers continued on to the online module and mentorship programme. Both quantitative and qualitative data will be presented, demonstrating longer term impacts such as team approaches to planning and delivering care. Increased knowledge and confidence by the social care staff has resulted in a more person centred approach to care, prompt recognition of uncontrolled symptoms, and policy change.ConclusionsThrough partnership working, the programme team were able to reach more people and influence the care that is being delivered to people living with a terminal illness in their own homes and in care homes in Lothian.References. Badger, F., Thomas, K. & Clifford, C. 2007. Raising Standards for Elderly People Dying in Care Homes.European Journal of Palliative Care,14, 238–241.. Cagle, J. G., Unroe, K. T., Bunting, M., Bernard, B. & Miller, S. C. 2016. Caring for Dying Patients in the Nursing Home: Voices from Frontline Nursing Home Staff. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management.. Devlin, M. & Mcilfatrick, S. 2010. Providing Palliative and End-of-Life Care in the Community: The Role of the Home Care Worker.International Journal of Palliative Care,16(4), 195–203.. Herber, O. R. & Johnston, B. M. 2013. The Role of Healthcare Support Workers in Providing Palliative and End-of-Life Care in the Community: A Systematic Literature Review. Health & Social Care in the Community, 21(3), 225–235.. Scottish Government. 2015. Strategic Framework for Action on Palliative and End of Life Care. Edinburgh: The Scottish Government.
57 Barriers and facilitators to implementation of end of life care policy in the acute hospital setting in england: a systematic review
Authors: Murigu Nadine 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionIn 2013, the policy approach to end of life care delivery in English acute hospitals underwent a significant change of direction, and is now characterised by an individualised approach to patient care, instead of a protocol-driven one.1This systematic review identifies and analyses the barriers and facilitators to implementation of current end of life policy in the acute hospital setting, in England.MethodsThis systematic review applied techniques of meta-ethnography to qualitative synthesis of the relevant literature. Barriers and facilitators to policy implementation were identified and analysed through the stepwise development of first, second and third order interpretations from the included studies.ResultsFive ‘clusters’ of determinants of end of life policy implementation were identified: characteristics of healthcare professionals; policy context; characteristics of hospital context; means of policy implementation; and patient perceptions of dying. These clusters formed the central components of a new theory of policy implementation, and were further conceptualised as having the potential to act as either barrier or facilitator in the acute hospital setting. A conceptual divide between the grey literature and peer reviewed literature also emerged; the former focused on sufficiency of education for policy implementation, whereas the latter identified a complex range of other influences on delivery of end of life care.ConclusionThis review identified that there are multiple, complex determinants for the implementation of end of life care policy in acute hospitals. Bridging the gap between end of life care practice and policy therefore requires robust engagement with this complexity, at regional and national level.Reference. Leadership Alliance for Care of Dying People (LACDP)2014,One Chance to get it Right: improving people’s experience of care in the last few days and hours of life. [Online]. London: LACDP. [Accessed 1 June 2017]. Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/323188/One_chance_to_get_it_right.pdf
7 Views of future care planning in patients aged over 70 years old and carers: developing a strategy for qualitative research through co-design
Authors: Bielinska Anna-Maria , Archer Stephanie , Riley Julia , Urch Catherine 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionFollowing an emergency hospital admission in over 70-year-olds, 1 year mortality is approximately 20%, highlighting the need for future care planning (FCP) (Bielinska, 2016).Conducting research around FCP with patients and carers is an emotive topic; co-designing a research strategy may lead to more acceptable, in-depth interviews. (Borgstrom, 2017).AimTo co-design a qualitative research strategy to explore views on FCP in patients over 70 and carers.MethodsA research collaborative co-designed a qualitative study exploring patient-led FCP for emergency admissions in patients aged 70+years, inclusive of all diagnoses. The research collaborative particularly focused on the co-design of a semi-structured interview schedule and associated linguistic content.ResultsOutputs from iterative reflections with palliative care clinicians and a patient and carer group were incorporated to produce themes for the semi-structured interview.Co-designed themes: 1) an acceptable approach to FCP, including timing and terminology 2) significance of FCP as perceived benefits or harms 3) expectations of the content of FCP 4) expectations of whether to share FCP with medical or social contactsAreas of difference: 1) direct questioning for resuscitation orders 2) need for formal assessment scalesConclusionsUnderstanding FCP in the 70 years+cohort is important for individualised care; interview co-design can enable sensitive exploration.An iterative methodology can be useful for co-designing a semi-structured interview scheduleCo-design allows for differences between patient and healthcare perspectives to be reconciled, resulting in the development of a robust and acceptable tool for research.References1. Bielinska A, Obanobi A, Riley J, Urch CE. One year mortality: recognising the need for urgent or advance care planning in adults aged over 70 years old following emergency admission. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care2016;6:385.2. Borgstrom E, Barclay S. Experience-based design, co-design and experience-based co-design in palliative and end-of-life care. BMJ Support Palliat Care2017;Published Online First: 16 February 2017. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2016-001117
Predictive value of SUVmax from initial 18F-FDG PET/CT scans for treatment outcomes in endometrial cancer patients undergoing fertility sparing management
Authors: Kang Ok-Ju , Park Yonghee , Lee Eun Min , Lee Jong Jin , Lee Shin-Wha , Kim Dae-Yeon , Suh Dae-Shik , Kim Jong-Hyeok , Kim Yong-Man , Park Jeong-Yeol 
Published: May 2024

Objective
To evaluate whether the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) from initial 18F-FDG PET/CT (fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography) scans could be a predictor of complete response and recurrence in patients with endometrial cancer who are undergoing fertility sparing management.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of patients who were diagnosed with endometrial cancer through biopsy and chose to undergo fertility sparing management using progestin at the Asan Medical Center, from January 2011 to December 2020. Of these, 113 patients who had an 18-FDG-PET/CT scan before starting treatment were included in our study. We measured SUVmax and examined its correlation with complete response and time to progression after achieving complete response to progestin therapy.

Results
Of 113 patients, 73 (64.6%) achieved a complete response through fertility sparing management. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that the optimal cut-off value of SUVmax for predicting complete response was 6.2 (sensitivity 79.5%, specificity 57.5%, p=0.006). After analyzing recurrence in the 73 patients who achieved complete response, we found that patients with an SUVmax value >6.2 had a significantly shorter time to progression compared with those with a value &6.2. (p=0.04).

Conclusions
SUVmax values of PET-CT, along with other clinicopathological parameters, could be used to predict treatment response and recurrence risk in patients with stage I endometrial cancer undergoing fertility sparing management.
Sex differences in risk of incident microvascular and macrovascular complications: a population-based data-linkage study among 25 713 people with diabetes
Authors: Gibson Alice A , Cox Emma , Schneuer Francisco J , Humphries Jacob , Lee Crystal MY , Gale Joanne , Chadban Steven , Gillies Mark , Chow Clara K , Colagiuri Stephen , Nassar Natasha 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundThe global prevalence of diabetes is similar in men and women; however, there is conflicting evidence regarding sex differences in diabetes-related complications. The aim of this study was to investigate sex differences in incident microvascular and macrovascular complications among adults with diabetes.MethodsThis prospective cohort study linked data from the 45 and Up Study, Australia, to administrative health records. The study sample included 25 713 individuals (57% men), aged ≥45 years, with diabetes at baseline. Incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), eye, lower limb, and kidney complications were determined using hospitalisation data and claims for medical services. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between sex and incident complications.ResultsAge-adjusted incidence rates per 1000 person years for CVD, eye, lower limb, and kidney complications were 37, 52, 21, and 32, respectively. Men had a greater risk of CVD (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.51, 95% CI 1.43 to 1.59), lower limb (aHR 1.47, 95% CI 1.38 to 1.57), and kidney complications (aHR 1.55, 95% CI 1.47 to 1.64) than women, and a greater risk of diabetic retinopathy (aHR 1.14, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.26). Over 10 years, 44%, 57%, 25%, and 35% of men experienced a CVD, eye, lower limb, or kidney complication, respectively, compared with 31%, 61%, 18%, and 25% of women. Diabetes duration (<10 years vs ≥10 years) had no substantial effect on sex differences in complications.ConclusionsMen with diabetes are at greater risk of complications, irrespective of diabetes duration. High rates of complications in both sexes highlight the importance of targeted complication screening and prevention strategies from diagnosis.
Bright–dark envelope-optical solitons in space-time reverse generalized Fokas–Lenells equation: Modulated wave gain
Authors: Abdel-Gawad H. I. , Sulaiman Tukur Abdulkadir , Ismael Hajar F. 
Published: May 2024

Here, we investigate the impact of space-time reverse (STR) problems, a result of parity-time symmetry in optics and quantum mechanics, on soliton propagation in optical fibers. The STR problems are characterized by the existence of a field and its reverse. The research introduces a new classification of two scenarios: non-interactive and interactive fields and reverse fields. The solutions for the generalized Fokas–Lenells equation (gFLE) with STR and third-order dispersion are derived. To tackle this, adaptive transformations for the field and its reverse are introduced, employing a unified method. In the non-interactive scenario, both exact and approximate solutions are found. However, in the interactive case, only exact solutions are discovered. This work reveals that the presence of the field and its reverse unveils new soliton structures, including bright–dark envelope solitons and right and left envelope-solitons. In the non-interactive case, the field displays a right envelope-soliton, while the reverse field exhibits a left envelope-soliton (or vice versa). The study hypothesizes that the presence of a reverse field might impede soliton propagation in optical fibers. The research also includes an analysis of modulation instability (MI), determining that MI is initiated when the coefficient of Raman scattering exceeds a critical value. Furthermore, the study examines the modulated wave gain and explores global bifurcation through phase portrait by constructing the Hamiltonian function.