bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Ligand‐Free Pd‐Catalyzed Carbonylative Cross‐Coupling Reactions under Atmospheric Pressure of Carbon Monoxide: Synthesis of Aryl Ketones and Heteroaromatic Ketones.
Authors: Li Hongling , Yang Min , Qi Yanxing , Xue Jijun 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA broad range of aryl/heteroaryl iodides and aryl/heteroarylboronic acids are carbonylated under optimized conditions to give good to excellent yields of the ketones (32 examples).
ChemInform Abstract: α,β‐Unsaturated Acyl Cyanide Synthesis via Triethylamine‐Catalyzed Redox Cyanation.
Authors: Choi Hyung Ho , Son Young Hoon , Jung Min Seok , Kang Eun Joo 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe optimized conditions render possible a stereoselective preparation of the highly reactive target compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Synthesis of Dibenzo[a,h]anthracenes and Picenes via C—H Arylation of Acetophenones with Arenediboronates.
Authors: Kitazawa Kentaroh , Kochi Takuya , Nitani Masashi , Ie Yutaka , Aso Yoshio , Kakiuchi Fumitoshi 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA new convenient method for the synthesis of the title compounds (V) and (IX) and the thiophene‐containing picene derivative (XIII) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Routes for the Preparation of 3,4‐Disubstituted 1,3‐Oxazolidines and 1,2,5‐Trisubstituted Imidazolidin‐4‐ones.
Authors: Catalano Alessia , Carocci Alessia , Lentini Giovanni , Di Mola Antonia , Bruno Claudio , Franchini Carlo 
Published: July 2011

AbstractFacile, alternative routes for the preparation of N‐benzyl substituted oxazolidine (VI), a chiral oxazolidinone derivatives of tocainide, are elaborated.
ChemInform Abstract: Unusual Direction of Cyclocondensation of 1‐(4‐Chlorophenyl)‐3,5‐diamino‐1,2,4‐triazole, Pyruvic Acid, and Aldehydes.
Authors: Sakhno Yana I. , Desenko Sergey M. , Shishkina Svetlana V. , Shishkin Oleg V. , Musatov Vladimir I. , Chebanov Valentyn A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIntroduction of an aryl substituent in position 1 of the aminotriazole (I) affects the direction of the three‐component reaction to produce furanones of type (IV) instead of the expected triazolopyrimidine or triazolylpyrrolone structures.
ChemInform Abstract: Improved Synthesis of 4‐Amino‐7‐nitrobenz‐2,1,3‐oxadiazoles Using NBD Fluoride (NBD‐F).
Authors: Jung Michael E. , Dong Timothy A. , Cai Xiaolu 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe reaction of fluoride (I) with amines provides significantly higher yields of 4‐aminooxadiazoles compared to the chloro analogue and thus allows a suitable approach to fluorophores bearing the fluorescent NBD tag.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Hydrogenation of 3‐Amino‐6‐(trifluoromethyl)‐5,6‐dihydropyridin‐2(1H)‐ones and Its Use in the Synthesis of Trifluoromethyl‐Containing Mimetics of Ornithine and Thalidomide.
Authors: Tolmachova Nataliya A. , Dolovanyuk Violetta G. , Gerus Igor I. , Kondratov Ivan S. , Polovinko Vitaliy V. , Bergander Klaus , Haufe Guenter 
Published: July 2011

Abstract6‐(Trifluoromethyl)pyridinones and related 6‐hydroxydihydropyridinones are obtained in high or complete cis‐selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Azinyl Sulfides. Part 124. Synthesis of 3‐Alkanesulfonyl‐4(1H)‐quinolinones from 3‐Alkanesulfonyl‐4‐alkylsulfanylquinolines.
Authors: Skrzypek Leszek , Maslankiewicz Andrzej , Suwinska Kinga 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe compounds (I) are easily accessible.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 5‐Aryl‐1,3‐dimethyl‐6‐(alkyl‐ or aryl‐amino)furo[2,3‐d]pyrimidine Derivatives by Reaction Between Isocyanides and Pyridinecarbaldehydes in the Presence of 1,3‐Dimethylbarbituric Acid.
Authors: Maghsoodlou Malek Taher , Marandi Ghasem , Hazeri Nourallah , Habibi‐Khorassani Sayyed Mostafa , Mirzaei Ali Akbar 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe reaction affords the products with excellent yields under mild conditions and does not require any prior activation.
ChemInform Abstract: Practical One‐Pot Protocol for the Syntheses of 2‐Chloro‐pyrrolo[3,2‐d]pyrimidines.
Authors: Zhao Liwen , Tao Kemei , Li Haitian , Zhang Jiancun 
Published: July 2011

AbstractTitle one‐pot protocol for the synthesis of 2‐chloropyrrolopyrimidines (III) involves the NaH‐mediated regioselective substitution of the chlorine at position 4 of dichloronitropyrimidine (I) by β‐dicarbonyl compounds (II) followed by reductive cyclization in the system Fe—AcOH.
ChemInform Abstract: Five‐Membered 2,3‐Dioxoheterocycles. Part 73. Synthesis and Thermolysis of 3‐Acylpyrrolo[1,2‐a]quinoxaline‐1,2,4(5H)‐triones.
Authors: Mashevskaya I. V. , Mokrushin I. G. , Bozdyreva K. S. , Maslivets A. N. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe overall reaction proceeds with complete regioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structure Characterization of New [1,2,4]Triazolo[5,4‐d][1,5]benzothiazepine Derivatives Through 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction.
Authors: Wu Xiao‐Long , Liu Fang‐Ming , Zhou Ying‐Lei 
Published: July 2011

AbstractNovel heterocycles (III) are obtained regioselectively by 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of in situ generated nitrilimines to benzothiazepines (I).
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Approach to Conformationally Strained 2,2′‐Bipyridine Thiacrown Ethers and Their Chiral Sulfoxides by Sequential Homo‐Coupling/DA—rDA Reaction of 5,5′‐Bi‐1,2,4‐triazine‐Containing Thiamacrocycles.
Authors: Lawecka Justyna , Karczmarzyk Zbigniew , Wolinska Ewa , Olender Ewa , Branowska Danuta , Rykowski Andrzej 
Published: July 2011

AbstractHomocoupling of bis(triazinylsulfide) (IV) in the presence of KCN followed by Diels—Alder/retro‐Diels—Alder reaction with cyclic olefins provides access to title strained bipyridine thiacrown ethers (VII) and (X).
ChemInform Abstract: Electrophilic Organic Selenium Reagents — Protonated Seleninic Acids as Precursors for Unsymmetrical Aromatic Selenides.
Authors: Stuhr‐Hansen Nicolai , Soelling Theis Ivan , Henriksen Lars 
Published: July 2011

AbstractArylselenylation of electron‐rich methoxybenzenes and thiophene is smoothly achieved by reaction with in situ generated arylselenenium ions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of O2‐ and N3‐(2‐Phosphonomethoxy)ethyl Derivatives of 6‐Phenyl‐ and 6‐Pyridinyl‐5‐azacytosine.
Authors: Otmar Miroslav , Dracinsky Martin , Krecmerova Marcela , Balzarini Jan , Andrei Graciela , Snoeck Robert 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe compounds (III)‐(VI) do not exhibit antitumor or antiviral activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Caboxamycin and Its Derivatives Using Eco‐Friendly Oxidation.
Authors: Tagawa Yoshinobu , Koba Hiroki , Tomoike Kazuhiro , Sumoto Kunihiro 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe first synthesis of the title compound (IV) via an oxidation including an easy work‐up and with environmentally benign materials is presented.
Uniqueness and symmetry results for solutions of a mean field equation on 𝕊2 via a new bubbling phenomenon
Authors: Bartolucci Daniele , Lin Chang‐Shou , Tarantello Gabriella 
Published: August 2011

AbstractMotivated by the study of gauge field vortices, we consider a mean field equation on the standard sphere 𝕊2 involving a Dirac distribution supported at a point P ∈ 𝕊2. Consistently with the physical applications, we show that solutions “concentrate” precisely around the point P for some limiting value of a given parameter. We use this fact to obtain symmetry (about the axis $\overrightarrow {OP}$) and uniqueness property for the solution. The presence of the Dirac measure makes such a task particularly delicate to handle from the analytical point of view. In fact, the bubbling phenomenon about the singularity allows the existence of solution sequences with a double‐peak profile near P. The new and more delicate part of this paper is to exclude this possibility by using the method of moving planes together with the Alexandrov‐Bol inequality. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A practical transmit beamforming strategy for closed‐loop MIMO communication
Authors: Cho Sunghyun , Hwang Insoo , Tarokh Vahid , You Cheolwoo 
Published: August 2011

SUMMARYA new beamforming strategy is proposed for multiuser systems with N transmit antennas at the transmitter and M ⩽ N single antenna receivers. The proposed scheme remarkably improves on the classical spatial division multiple access, and achieves the same data rates as spatial multiplexing for all users but with significantly superior performance/diversity gain. When compared with the Bell labs layered space–time system, the symbol rate is the same and the performance is much superior because of the presence of diversity gain. In addition, unlike the Bell labs layered space–time system, the receivers do not need to know each other's vector channels. Finally, the proposed algorithm is based on dirty‐paper coding, but does not require much complexity and is implementable. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
L‐plastin phosphorylation: A novel target for the immunosuppressive drug dexamethasone in primary human T cells
Authors: Wabnitz Guido H. , Michalke Felix , Stober Christoph , Kirchgessner Henning , Jahraus Beate , van den Boomen Dick J. H. , Samstag Yvonne 
Published: August 2011

AbstractActivation of naïve T cells requires costimulation via TCR/CD3 plus accessory receptors, which enables the dynamic rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton and immune synapse maturation. Signaling events induced following costimulation may thus be valuable targets for therapeutic immunosuppression. Phosphorylation of the actin‐bundling protein L‐plastin represents such a costimulatory signal in primary human T cells. Phosphorylated L‐plastin has a higher affinity toward F‐actin. However, the importance of the L‐plastin phosphorylation for actin cytoskeleton regulation upon antigen recognition remained unclear. Here, we demonstrate that phosphorylation of L‐plastin is important for immune synapse maturation. Thus, expression of nonphosphorylatable L‐plastin in untransformed human peripheral blood T cells leads to reduced accumulation of LFA‐1 in the immune synapse and to a diminished F‐actin increase upon T‐cell activation. Interestingly, L‐plastin phosphorylation is inhibited by the glucocorticoid dexamethasone. In line with this finding, dexamethasone treatment leads to a reduced F‐actin content in stimulated T cells and prevents maturation of the immune synapse. This inhibitory effect of dexamethasone could be reverted by expression of a phospho‐mimicking L‐plastin mutant. In conclusion, our data introduce costimulation‐induced L‐plastin phosphorylation as an important event for immune synapse formation and its inhibition by dexamethasone as a novel mode of function of this immunosuppressive glucocorticoid.
Synthesis, Stability, and Reactivity of [(TPA)Zn(SH)]+ in Aqueous and Organic Solutions
Authors: Galardon Erwan , Tomas Alain , Roussel Pascal , Artaud Isabelle 
Published: August 2011

AbstractReaction of the complex [(TPA)Zn(H2O)]2+ [TPA = tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine] with hydrogen sulfide in aqueous buffered solution gives the corresponding monomeric hydrogensulfido complex [(TPA)Zn(SH)]+, which was fully characterized, including by XRD. This complex is stable at neutral pH, but decomposes under basic conditions to yield the free ligand and zinc sulfide, and under acidic conditions to give hydrogen sulfide and the starting aqua complex. In organic solvents, the coordinated sulfur atom reacts with electrophiles such as methylmethanethiosulfonate to yield methyltrisulfide. Reaction with the hydroxo complex [(TpPh,Me)Zn(OH)] [TpPh,Me = hydridotris{(5‐methyl‐3‐phenyl)pyrazolyl}borate] promotes the formation of the unsymmetrical dinuclear μ‐sulfido species [(TPA)Zn–S–Zn(TpPh,Me)]+, which, upon treatment with one molar equivalent of trifluoroacetic acid, dissociates into [(TpPh,Me)Zn(SH)] and [(TPA)Zn(CF3CO2)]+, resulting in the transfer of the hydrogensulfido ligand from one zinc center to another.
Preparation of Ketolactone and Bislactone [60]Fullerene Derivatives and Their Conversion into Open‐Cage Fullerenes with a 12‐ or 15‐Membered Orifice
Authors: Zhang Jianxin , Wang Fudong , Xin Nana , Yang Dazhi , Gan Liangbing 
Published: August 2011

AbstractSelective cleavage of the peroxo group in the fullerene mixed peroxide C60(O)(OOtBu)61produces open‐cage fullerenes with ketone and lactone moieties on the rim of the orifice. Photolysis of1results in the ketolactone derivative2C58(CO)‐(COO)(O)(OOtBu)4with an epoxide moiety. Thermolysis of1results in the formation of two other isomers, the bislactone3C58(COO)2(OOtBu)4and the ketolactone4C58(CO)(COO)(O)(OOtBu)4with a 1,4‐dioxepin‐5‐one moiety. Both alcohols and amines react with one of the lactone moieties of3and expand the 12‐membered orifice into a 15‐membered orifice. Only amines react with the lactone moiety of4and expand the 11‐membered orifice into a 12‐membered orifice. Total yield of the 15‐membered open‐cage compound can reach 8.9 % in three steps starting from C60. The products were characterized by spectroscopic data and X‐ray diffraction data.
Facial reactions reveal that slim is good but fat is not bad: Implicit and explicit measures of body‐size bias
Authors: Roddy Sarah , Stewart Ian , Barnes‐Holmes Dermot 
Published: August 2011

AbstractFacial electromyography (EMG) was used to gauge emotional responding towards images of slim and overweight individuals, and findings were compared with data from a series of alternative measures including two implicit attitudinal procedures, the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP) and the Implicit Association Test (IAT), and explicit measures of anti‐fat prejudice and discriminatory behavior. Images of slim individuals elicited EMG responses consistent with more positive affect. Data from both the IRAP and IAT indicated higher levels of bias than were revealed on the explicit measures, and the IRAP also corroborated the EMG pattern by indicating responses consistent with pro‐slim rather than anti‐fat bias. The IRAP was moderately correlated with both EMG and the IAT and was the only measure to predict behavioral intentions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interaction of multiplexing gains and power exponents allocation of two‐level superposition coding relaying
Authors: Jia Xiangdong , Yang Longxiang 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTA two‐level rate superposition coding relaying (SC‐relaying) scheme is discussed, in which only the relay‐to‐source channel state information feedback (CSF) is considered and, at source, a long power constraint is imposed on the basic signal S0 and the additional signal S1 whose multiplexing gains are r0 and r1, respectively. The CSF index is constructed based on the correct decoding of the signal S0 at relay. For the SC‐relaying scheme, we propose a multilevel iteration constructing rule for the CSF index. With the proposed CSF constructing rule, the allocation method of the power signal‐to‐noise ratio exponents is first obtained by the investigation of the optimal outage exponent of the signal S0. Secondly, we obtain the value range of p11, p11  ∈ [1,1∕r0], by studying the outage exponent lower bound of the signal S0, where p11 denotes the minimum of the power signal‐to‐noise ratio exponent of the signal S. Lastly, to observe the interaction between the multiplexing gains r0 and r1, we discuss the closed‐form solution of the lower bound of the optimal outage exponent for the signal S1, through which we find that the multiplexing gain constraint is r1  ≤ 1 −r0p11, p11  ≥ 1. The substantial numerical analyses show that the results in this paper are reasonable. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Axisymmetric boundary integral formulation for a two‐fluid system
Authors: Garzon M. , Gray L. J. , Sethian J. A. 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYA 3D axisymmetric Galerkin boundary integral formulation for potential flow is employed to model two fluids of different densities, one fluid enclosed inside the other. The interface variables are the velocity potential and the normal velocity, and they can be solved for separately, the second linear system being symmetric. The algorithm is validated by comparing with the analytic solutions for a static interior spherical drop over a range of values for the relative densities of exterior and interior fluids and various boundary conditions. For time‐dependent simulations utilizing a level set method for the interface tracking, the accuracy has been checked by comparing against the known oscillation frequency of the sphere. Pinch‐off profiles corresponding to an initial two‐lobe geometry drop and D = 6 are also presented. Published in 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Widening of the Westbahn line to four tracks: Experience in the selection of the tunnelling method / Ausbau der Westbahn zur Viergleisigkeit: Erfahrungen mit der Wahl der Tunnelbaumethode
Authors: Bauer Franz , Hödl Reinhold , Koinig Josef , Lemmerer Johann , Obermeier Oskar , Zwittnig Gerald 
Published: August 2011

AbstractSince the end of the 1980s, the Westbahn line has been undergoing successive upgrading to a modern high‐speed line. The aim is to considerably increase the capacity and the travel speed up to 250 km/h. Regarding the infrastructure, this entails the new construction or upgrading of many sections including a number of tunnels due to the extended route and the topographical conditions. The requirements applicable to railway tunnels have changed significantly since the start of tunnel construction activities for the upgrading of the Westbahn. At the same time mechanised tunnelling technology has made great progress. These two developments have led to the situation that mechanised tunnel boring has become increasingly established in Austria as a viable alternative to NATM as a construction method for rail tunnels. The present article describes the procedure at the responsible company of Austrian Railways, ÖBB‐Infrastruktur AG, in connection with these developments and explains the considerations leading to the selection of the tunnelling method.Seit Ende der 1980er Jahre wird die Westbahn sukzessive zu einer modernen Hochleistungsstrecke ausgebaut. Die Ziele sind, die Streckenkapazität deutlich zu steigern und die Fahrgeschwindigkeit bis auf 250 km/h anzuheben. Infrastrukturseitig sind dafür zahlreiche Neu‐ und Ausbauabschnitte notwendig, die wegen ihrer gestreckten Linienführung und der gegebenen topografischen Verhältnisse auch einige Tunnelbauwerke beinhalten. Die Anforderungen an Eisenbahntunnel haben sich seit dem Beginn der Tunnelbauaktivitäten für den Westbahnausbau wesentlich verändert. Gleichzeitig hat in dieser Zeitspanne die Technologie des maschinellen Tunnelvortriebs große Fortschritte erzielt. Beide Entwicklungen haben dazu geführt, dass sich der maschinelle Tunnelvortrieb in Österreich auch beim Bau von Eisenbahntunneln zunehmend als konkurrenzfähige Baumethode zum NÖT‐Vortrieb etabliert hat. Der vorliegende Beitrag erläutert die Vorgangsweise der ÖBB‐Infrastruktur AG im Zusammenhang mit diesen Entwicklungen und legt dar, welche Überlegungen bezüglich der Wahl der Tunnelbaumethode angestellt wurden.
NATM and TBM – comparison with regard to construction operation / NÖT und TBM – eine baubetriebliche Gegenüberstellung
Authors: Jodl Hans Georg , Resch Daniel 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe question arises relatively early on every tunnel project: which method of tunnelling is best suited for the specific local conditions? The geological and topographical situations of long tunnels in Austria are particularly variable, as it is common in the Alps to pass through several rock formations and fault zones. An extensive analysis of the risks involved has to form an essential part of the considerations. Modern construction technology generally makes both methods feasible; the award is mostly based on the cost in addition to the estimation of risk and the schedule. Optimised construction progress requires appropriate preparation. On longer tunnel projects, the necessary mobilisation time is normally allowed due to the time lapse of about one year from ordering to delivery of a TBM, a piece of plant more comparable with a factory. For short NATM tunnels, the preparation period is considerably shorter. In comparison, NATM and TBM are essentially equivalent from the viewpoint of construction operation. The final choice is determined by the local geological conditions for the project and the length of the tunnel.Bei jedem Tunnelbauprojekt stellt sich zu einem sehr frühen Zeitpunkt die Frage, welche Vortriebsmethode unter gegebenen Randbedingungen am besten geeignet ist. Insbesondere die Geologie und die topografischen Situation bei langen Tunneln sind in Österreich sehr wechselhaft, da im Alpenbereich meist mehrere Gesteinsformationen und Störungszonen durchfahren werden. Wesentlicher Bestandteil der Überlegungen wird eine umfangreiche Risikoanalyse sein müssen. Grundsätzlich können aus baubetrieblicher Sicht fast immer beide Vortriebsmethoden angewendet werden; den Ausschlag bilden neben den Risikoüberlegungen die Bauzeit und damit meist einhergehend die Kosten. Ein optimaler Bauablauf erfordert eine entsprechende Vorbereitung. Bei langen Tunneln und durch den etwa einjährigen Bestell‐ und Produktionsvorlauf einer TBM und deren fabrikmäßige Anlagenkonzeption ist dieser notwendige Vorlauf für die Baubetriebsplanung meist gegeben. Bei kurzen Tunnelbauwerken im NÖT‐Vortrieb ist die Vorlaufzeit zu Lasten der Bauvorbereitung wesentlich kürzer. In der Gegenüberstellung sind aus baubetrieblicher Sicht NÖT und TBM grundsätzlich gleichwertige Vortriebsmethoden. Den Vorzug bestimmen letztlich die projektbezogenen primären Randbedingungen Geologie und Tunnellänge.
Spatial deficits in an amnesic patient with hippocampal damage: Questioning the multiple trace theory
Authors: Gomez A. , Rousset S. , Charnallet A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractMediotemporal lobe structures are involved in both spatial processing and long‐term memory. Patient M.R. suffers from amnesia, due to bilateral hippocampal lesion and temporoparietal atrophy following carbon monoxide poisoning. We compared his performance in immediate spatial memory tasks with the performance of ten healthy matched participants. Using an immediate reproduction of path, we observed a dissociation between his performance in three allocentric tasks and in five egocentric‐updating tasks. His performance was always impaired on tasks requiring the use of an egocentric‐updating representation but remained preserved on allocentric tasks. These results fit with the hypothesis that the hippocampus plays a role in spatial memory, but they also suggest that allocentric deficits previously observed in amnesia might actually reflect deficits in egocentric‐updating processes. Furthermore, the cooccurrence of deficits in episodic long‐term memory and short‐term egocentric‐updating representation without any short‐term allocentric deficit suggests a new link between the mnemonic and navigational roles of the hippocampus. The Cognitive Map theory, the Multiple Trace theory, as well as further models linking spatial and nonspatial functions of the hippocampus are discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.