bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gas-phase formation of fullerene/9-hydroxyfluorene cluster cations
Authors: Wu Yin , Hu Xiaoyi , Zhen Junfeng , Yang Xuejuan 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
In interstellar environment, fullerene species readily react with large molecules (e.g. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs and their derivatives) in the gas phase, which may be the formation route of carbon dust grains in space. In this work, the gas-phase ion–molecule collision reaction between fullerene cations (${\rm C}_{n}\, ^+$, n = 32, 34,…, 60) and functionalized PAH molecules (9-hydroxyfluorene, C13H10O) are investigated both experimentally and theoretically. The experimental results show that fullerene/9-hydroxyfluorene cluster cations are efficiently formed, leading to a series of large fullerene/9-hydroxyfluorene cluster cations (e.g. [(C13H10O)C60]+, [(C13H10O)3C58]+, and [(C26H18O)(C13H10O)2C48]+). The binding energies and optimized structures of typical fullerene/9-hydroxyfluorene cluster cations were calculated. The bonding ability plays a decisive role in the cluster formation processes. The reaction surfaces, modes, and combination reaction sites can result in different binding energies, which represent the relative chemical reactivity. Therefore, the geometry and composition of fullerene/9-hydroxyfluorene cluster cations are complicated. In addition, there is an enhanced chemical reactivity for smaller fullerene cations, which is mainly attributed to the newly formed deformed carbon rings (e.g. 7 C-ring). As part of the co-evolution network of interstellar fullerene chemistry, our results suggest that ion–molecule collision reactions contribute to the formation of various fullerene/9-hydroxyfluorene cluster cations in the interstellar medium, providing insights into different chemical reactivity caused by oxygenated functional groups (e.g. hydroxyl, OH, or ether, C-O-C) on the cluster formations.
Strength in numbers: A multiphase wind model with multiple cloud populations
Authors: Nikolis C , Gronke M 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Galactic outflows have a multiphase nature making them challenging to model analytically. Many previous studies have tried to produce models that come closer to reality. In this work, we continue these efforts and describe the interaction of the hot wind fluid with multiple cold cloud populations, with their number density determined by different probability density functions. To do so, we introduced realistic cloud-wind interaction source terms and a time varying cooling area. We find that the model reproduces well results from small-scale hydrodynamic simulations, but exhibits a general destructive behaviour both for a single cloud population as well as multiple ones. We show that including multiple cloud populations can alter the evolution of the wind drastically. We also compare our model to observations and show that the differential acceleration of multiple clouds can lead to a non-negligible velocity ‘dispersion’ relevant for down-the-barrel studies. Furthermore, we compute the emitted cooling surface brightness and find it generally too faint to explain observed Lyman α haloes.
Structural basis of chorismate isomerization by Arabidopsis ISOCHORISMATE SYNTHASE1
Authors: Su Zihui , Niu Chengqun , Zhou Sicong , Xu Guolyu , Zhu Pingchuan , Fu Qiang , Zhang Yuelin , Ming Zhenhua 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) plays a crucial role in plant defense against biotrophic and semibiotrophic pathogens. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), isochorismate synthase 1 (AtICS1) is a key enzyme for the pathogen-induced biosynthesis of SA via catalytic conversion of chorismate into isochorismate, an essential precursor for SA synthesis. Despite the extensive knowledge of ICS1-related menaquinone, siderophore, and tryptophan (MST) enzymes in bacteria, the structural mechanisms for substrate binding and catalysis in plant isochorismate synthase (ICS) enzymes are unknown. This study reveals that plant ICS enzymes catalyze the isomerization of chorismate through a magnesium-dependent mechanism, with AtICS1 exhibiting the most substantial catalytic activity. Additionally, we present high-resolution crystal structures of apo AtICS1 and its complex with chorismate, offering detailed insights into the mechanisms of substrate recognition and catalysis. Importantly, our investigation indicates the existence of a potential substrate entrance channel and a gating mechanism regulating substrate into the catalytic site. Structural comparisons of AtICS1 with MST enzymes suggest a shared structural framework with conserved gating and catalytic mechanisms. This work provides valuable insights into the structural and regulatory mechanisms governing substrate delivery and catalysis in AtICS1, as well as other plant ICS enzymes.
Effect of acupuncture for temporomandibular disorders: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Liu Lu , Chen Qiuyi , Lyu Tianli , Zhao Luopeng , Miao Quan , Liu Yuhan , Nie Limin , Fu Feiyu , Li Shuting , Zeng Chenxi , Zhang Yixin , Peng Peiyue , Wang Woyu , Lin Ying , Li Bin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are the leading cause of pain and disability among frequently occurring facial pain and the second leading cause of musculoskeletal conditions.

Aim
We examined whether acupuncture could alleviate pain intensity in patients with TMD.

Design and methods
Sixty participants with TMD were randomly assigned (ratio 1:1) to receive three acupuncture or sham acupuncture sessions weekly for 4 weeks. The primary outcome was the change in the mean weekly pain intensity from baseline to week 4. Secondary and exploratory outcomes included proportion of participants with ≥30% or ≥50% reduction in pain intensity, change in jaw opening and movement, graded chronic pain scale, jaw functional limitations scale-20-item, depression, anxiety and stress scales-21, Pittsburgh sleep quality index at week 4 and 8, and the pressure pain threshold and surface electromyography at week 4.

Results and conclusion
The acupuncture group showed significantly reduced pain intensity compared to the sham group at week 4 (−1.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −2.32 to −0.65; P &lt; 0.001) and week 8 (−1.23, 95% CI: −2.11 to −0.54; P = 0.001). Acupuncture’s effectiveness surpassed sham’s at 4 weeks and lasted 8 weeks. Participants in the acupuncture group experienced significantly greater improvements in the 30% and 50% response rate, jaw opening and movement, GCPS, JFLS-20, DASS-21 and PSQI than those in the sham acupuncture group. There were no significant between-group differences in PPT and sEMG. In summary, acupuncture provided marked pain relief and improvement in physical and emotional function for patients with TMD compared with sham acupuncture.
Increased Postoperative Opioid Consumption in the Presence of Coadministration of 5-Hydroxytryptamine Type 3 Antagonists with Acetaminophen: A Hospital Registry Study
Authors: Ratajczak Nikolai , Munoz-Acuna Ricardo , Redaelli Simone , Suleiman Aiman , Seibold Eva-Lotte , von Wedel Dario , Shay Denys , Ashrafian Sarah , Chen Guanqing , Sundar Eswar , Ahrens Elena , Wachtendorf Luca J. , Schaefer Maximilian S. 
Published: May 2024

Background
Acetaminophen and 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonists are administered as standard prophylaxes for postoperative pain, nausea, and vomiting. Preclinical studies, however, suggest that 5-HT3 antagonists may compromise acetaminophen’s analgesic effect. This hospital registry study investigates whether 5-HT3 antagonists mitigate the analgesic effect of prophylactic acetaminophen in a perioperative setting.

Methods
This study included 55,016 adult patients undergoing general anesthesia for ambulatory procedures at a tertiary healthcare center in Massachusetts from 2015 to 2022. Using binary exposure variables and a comprehensive selection of preplanned patient- and procedure-related covariates for confounder control, the authors investigated whether intraoperative 5-HT3 antagonists affected the association between pre- or intraoperative acetaminophen and postoperative opioid consumption, gauged by opioid dose in milligram oral morphine equivalents (OME) administered in the postanesthesia care unit. A multivariable, zero-inflated negative binomial regression model was applied.

Results
A total of 3,166 patients (5.8%) received only acetaminophen, 15,438 (28.1%) only 5-HT3 antagonists, 31,850 (57.9%) both drugs, and 4,562 (8.3%) neither drug. The median postanesthesia care unit opioid dose was 7.5 mg OME (interquartile range, 7.5 to 14.3 mg OME) among 16,640 of 55,016 (30.2%) patients who received opioids, and the mean opioid dose was 3.2 mg OME across all patients (maximum cumulative dose, 20.4 mg OME). Acetaminophen administration was associated with a –5.5% (95% CI, –9.6 to –1.4%; P = 0.009; adjusted absolute difference, –0.19 mg OME; 95% CI, –0.33 to –0.05; P = 0.009) reduction in opioid consumption among patients who did not receive a 5-HT3 antagonist, while there was no effect in patients who received a 5-HT3 antagonist (adjusted absolute difference, 0.00 mg OME; 95% CI, –0.06 to 0.05; P = 0.93; P for interaction = 0.013).

Conclusions
A dose-dependent association of pre- or intraoperative acetaminophen with decreased postoperative opioid consumption was not observed when 5-HT3 antagonists were coadministered, suggesting that physicians might consider reserving 5-HT3 antagonists as rescue medication for postoperative nausea or vomiting when acetaminophen is administered for pain prophylaxis.

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Research Progress of miRNA in Heart Failure: Prediction and Treatment
Authors: Hou Bingyan , Yu Dan , Bai Haotian , Du Xiaowei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract:
This review summarizes the multiple roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the prediction and treatment of heart failure (HF), including the molecular mechanisms regulating cell apoptosis, myocardial fibrosis, cardiac hypertrophy, and ventricular remodeling, and highlights the importance of miRNAs in the prognosis of HF. In addition, the strategies for alleviating HF with miRNA intervention are discussed. On the basis of the challenges and emerging directions in the research and clinical practice of HF miRNAs, it is proposed that miRNA-based therapy could be a new approach for prevention and treatment of HF.
Eye involvement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Obaid Hassnah Hashem A. , Haidar Ghina , Kudsi Maysoun , Azmeh Arwa 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic immune disease. The authors aimed to report the characteristics of ocular manifestations in patients with RA.

Methods:
Demographic and clinical characteristics were collected including: age, sex, and BMI. Disease data included the duration, the present main complaint, including the number of painful and swollen joints, duration of morning stiffness, and the patient’s self-evaluation form had also been applied and registered. Eye symptom including pain, dryness, redness, photophobia, discharge, and blurred vision was asked and registered, in addition to full medical history, treatment, and evaluation of clinical disease activity index. Rheumatologic examination included: the number of tender and swollen joints in patients was done. All study subjects underwent complete ophthalmological examination in the following manner: visual acuity assessment by Snellen’s chart, evaluation of pupil diameter and reflexes as well as eyeball movements, tear film evaluation by using Schirmer’s test, intraocular pressure measurement, slit-lamp evaluation of the anterior segment with concentration on ocular surface assessment, followed by installation of topical mydriatic/cycloplegic eyedrops for posterior eye segment exam and fundoscopy. Laboratory tests included rheumatic factor, anti cytoplasmic citrulinted peptide, C-reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were performed and analyzed.

Results:
Mean age of study group was 41.5±10 years,78.59% of which were females. Ocular manifestations were present in 31.14%. Dry eye was diagnosed in (36.71%), among which burning sensation was found in (35.15%), and photophopia in (27.34%). The most frequent ocular manifestation was episcleritis (66.40%), while scleritis was diagnosed in (22.65%), and keratoconjuctivitis was present in (7.04%).

Discussion:
The most common manifestations of ocular involvement in our RA patients was episcleritis, dry eye, and scleritis.
Positive serum rheumatoid factor and anticitrulinated peptide antibody significantly increased the risk of having ocular manifestations, especially dry eyes, and the ocular manifestations prevalence was higher among male patients, long disease duration and treatment with biologics and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs.

Conclusion:
Ocular symptoms are relatively frequent manifestation of RA. Regular ophthalmological examinations are essential among patients with RA.
Chronic multiarticular tophaceous gout with abnormally large tophi, case of surgical intervention: a case report from Nepal
Authors: Bhattarai Kritika , Acharya Ashish , Gyawali Kamal 
Published: May 2024

Introduction and importance:
Gout is an inflammatory disease caused by the deposition of monosodium urate monohydrate crystals around the synovial joints, affecting the first metatarsophalangeal joints followed by ankle and knees. It is found to be more prevalent among men and older women. Tophi tends to develop if the acute phase of the disease is not controlled. In contrast, our patient had an unusual presentation of multiple tophi affecting several joints accompanied by deformities.

Case presentation:
Here, the authors present a case of a 63 years old male with chronic multiarticular tophaceous gout with a history of more than 30 years. He presented with multiple joint deformities and prior surgical history of excision of tophi. Laboratory reports revealed elevated serum uric acid, and X-ray showed joint deformities with tophi. However, the parameters of renal function test were normal. Surgical excision of the tophi was done.

Clinical discussion:
Gout is one of the most common inflammatory arthritis, which if untreated can progress to tophi formation. The diagnosis can be made clinically and by several investigations including serum uric acid estimation and aspiration of the joint to reveal monosodium urate monohydrate crystals. A long standing case of multiarticular tophi causing joint deformities does require surgical intervention.

Conclusion:
Early treatment and diagnosis of hyperuricemia prevent the progression to gouty arthritis and tophi formation. Long history of multiple tophaceous gout is an unusual presentation, which we intend to present here as a novel case report. Nevertheless, such cases require surgical interventions.
Novel Percutaneous Areola Reduction
Authors: Wiesman Irvin M. , Rabin Daniel A. 
Published: May 2024

Summary:
We present a novel percutaneous areola reduction technique that, to our knowledge, has never been used or published in the past. This technique is a useful solution to the downsides of the current most commonly used technique for areola reductions that uses a circumareolar incision. Our current technique utilizes a percutaneous approach, which is a minimally invasive procedure, and produces a virtually scarless result.
Sclerodermiform Cell Epithelioma of the Palpebromalar Region
Authors: Gerin Manon , Tooulou Monika , Zielonka Elisabeth 
Published: May 2024

Summary:
This report describes a recurrent sclerodermiform basal cell epithelioma of the malar region next to the inferior eyelid in a 57-year-old woman. Three interventions were necessary to obtain a clear margin of resection. The area of resection was closed with a local cutaneous flap. We report a rare basal cell carcinoma subtype underestimated in its aggressiveness with often inadequate medical and surgical management. This tumor, generally localized in the face, often requires aggressive surgery, and aesthetic results can be poor. The patients require close long-term follow-up even when margins are clear. General practitioners, dermatologists, and surgeons should be aware of sclerodermiform basal cell carcinoma, which is a malignant, aggressive, and recurrent tumor.
Long-term outcomes of corneal crosslinking
Authors: Cehelyk Eli K. , Syed Zeba A. 
Published: May 2024

Purpose of review
This manuscript summarizes contemporary research from 2018 to 2023 evaluating long-term (≥2 years) outcomes of corneal crosslinking (CXL) for progressive keratoconus (KCN).

Recent findings
The standard Dresden protocol (SDP) has been utilized clinically since the early 2000 s to treat ectatic disorders, primarily progressive KCN and postrefractive ectasia. Various modifications have since been introduced including accelerated and transepithelial protocols, which are aimed at improving outcomes or reducing complications. This review summarizes data demonstrating that the SDP halts disease progression and improves various visual and topographic indices (UDVA, CDVA, Kmax, K1, K2) up to 13 years postoperatively. Accelerated and transepithelial protocols have been found to be well tolerated alternatives to SDP with similar efficacy profiles. Studies focusing on pediatric populations identified overall higher progression rates after CXL. All protocols reviewed had excellent safety outcomes in adults and children.

Summary
Recent studies revealed that SDP successfully stabilizes KCN long term, and a variety of newer protocols are also effective. Pediatric patients may exhibit higher progression rates after CXL. Further research is required to enhance the efficacy and ease of these protocols.
Associations of Blood Cadmium Levels With Osteoarthritis Among US Adults in NHANES 2013–2018
Authors: Li Lijun , Cao Jiangang , Li Lin , Wu Guang , Xiao Junhui 
Published: May 2024

Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a global public health problem, and limited information is available on the effects of Cd on OA. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between Cd and OA.

Method
Weighted multivariable logistic regression model, trend test, restricted cubic spline, and stratified analysis were used to study the association between BCd and OA.

Results
In the two regression models of weighted multivariable logistic regression analysis, the correlation between BCd and OA was positive. Compared with the lowest quartile of BCd exposure, the highest quartile had a 2.03-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.67 to 2.47), displaying a dose-response relationship (P for trend <0.00001). The restrictive cubic spline shows a positive linear relationship between BCd and OA.

Conclusion
There was a positive linear relationship between BCd and OA and a dose-response relationship.
Proposed Framework for Developing and Evaluating Total Worker Health® Education and Training Programs
Authors: Kenigsberg Tat’Yana A. , Childress Adele M. , Fletcher Williams Donjanea , Lioce Maria , Chosewood L. Casey 
Published: May 2024

Objective
Propose a framework for developing and evaluating Total Worker Health® (TWH) education and training efforts by implementing institutions.

Methods
This is a review of TWH information from symposia, workshops, academic offerings, and publications, along with a review of education and training development and evaluation resources applicable across various disciplines.

Results
Examples of knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) are provided for each TWH core competency, and a framework for developing and evaluating a TWH competency-based education or training program.

Conclusions
The proposed set of KSAs and framework for developing and evaluating TWH education or training programs may inform future pilot testing of KSAs and framework by implementing institutions and help standardize practices across the discipline. Academic, business, community, labor, and government stakeholders are encouraged to provide further input to assist in its maturation and uptake.
The relationship between triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and the severity of coronary artery disease in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Demir Ömer Furkan , Koca Fatih 
Published: May 2024

Background
The SYNTAX score is a score that grades the severity and complexity of coronary lesions. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (triglyceride/HDL-C) ratio and SYNTAX scores in patients presenting with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI).

Methods
This prospective study included 258 patients who presented at our center with STEMI, and underwent coronary angiography (CAG). The triglyceride/HDL-C ratio was calculated, and the relationship of this ratio with the SYNTAX score was determined with univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses.

Results
The patients were separated into two groups according to the triglyceride/HDL-C ratios as low (<3.88) and high (≥3.88). The SYNTAX scores of the group with a high triglyceride/HDL-C score were determined to be significantly high (P < 0.001). When the SYNTAX scores were separated into two groups as low (≤22) and high (>23), a statistically significant correlation was determined between a high SYNTAX score and a high triglyceride/HDL-C ratio (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis was performed for the SYNTAX score, and the BMI value [odds ratio (OR) = 0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.85–0.98] and the triglyceride/HDL-C ratio (OR = 6.86, 95% CI: 3.45–13.65) alone were determined to be independent determinants of the SYNTAX score.

Conclusion
The most important result obtained from this study was that the triglyceride/HDL-C ratio, which is an index that has recently started to be frequently used, was a marker of greater coronary anatomic complexity (SYNTAX score >22), independently of other parameters in patients who presented with NSTEMI and underwent CAG.
Spontaneous renal rupture caused by factor VII deficiency: A case report
Authors: Yang Chao , Luo Mingjun , Li Langlang , Yang Qizhi 
Published: May 2024

Rationale:
Spontaneous renal rupture is an uncommon disease, it usually occurs after upper urinary calculi-related operation treatment or renal tumor. This disease caused by factor VII deficiency has rarely reported.

Patient concerns:
A 49-year-old woman came to our hospital with on the left flank pain and gross hematuria that had persisted for 10 days. The patient had no recent history of waist and abdominal trauma or surgical history recently.

Diagnoses:
An outside computed tomography (CT) examination revealed left renal rupture before arriving at our hospital, but she was not treated. Further laboratory examination revealed that the patient condition was turned out to be hemophilia caused by factor VII deficiency.

Intervention:
We have used both internal and external drainage methods, and supplemented with coagulation factor.

Outcome:
After 9 months of follow-up, it was observed that the left renal hematoma and urinary extravasation was completely absorbed.

Lessons:
Spontaneous renal rupture for hemophilia is a clinical emergency. When spontaneous renal rupture is associated with abnormal coagulation function, and the coagulation function cannot be corrected by conventional treatment, the possibility of hemophilia needs to be considered, and the type of hemophilia needs to be further defined. This case indicates a successful resolution of spontaneous renal rupture, it can provide guiding value for our clinical practice.