bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECTS OFBACILLUS THURINGIENSISBERLINER VAR.KURSTAKIAND DEFOLIATION BY THE GYPSY MOTH [LYMANTRIA DISPAR(L.) (LEPIDOPTERA: LYMANTRIIDAE)] ON NATIVE ARTHROPODS IN WEST VIRGINIA
Authors: Sample Bradley E. , Butler Linda , Zivkovich Cathy , Whitmore Robert C. , Reardon Richard 
Published: November 2009

AbstractImpacts ofBacillus thuringiensisvar.kurstaki(Btk) and defoliation by gypsy moth [Lymantria dispar(L.)] on native, non-target arthropods were evaluated in eastern West Virginia from 1990 to 1992. Adult and larval arthropods were collected by foliage sampling and light-trapping at 24 20-ha (50-acre) plots, representing six replicates of four treatments: unsprayed, gypsy moth absent (control); unsprayed, gypsy moth present (defoliation); sprayed, gypsy moth absent; and sprayed, gypsy moth present. Pre-treatment data were collected in 1990. In May 1991, one application ofBtkwas made to 12 plots at a dosage of 14.4 BIU/ha (36 BIU/acre). Post-treatment data were collected in 1991 and 1992. With few exceptions, detectable effects fromBtkapplication were restricted to Lepidoptera. Although abundance and species richness of larval and adult non-target Lepidoptera decreased at all plots between 1990 and 1992, abundance and species richness were reduced atBtk-treated plots relative to untreated plots. Richness and abundance of some larval and adult Lepidoptera declined at defoliation plots. Although the short-term (< 1 year) impacts ofBtkapplication on non-target Lepidoptera are negative, the long-term effects (> 1 year) of reduced abundance of gypsy moth larvae may be beneficial for some native species. AlthoughBtkapplication and defoliation reduce abundance of native Lepidoptera, environmental conditions such as weather may have a greater influence on population fluctuations.
IDENTIFICATION KEYS FORAPHTHONAFLEA BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) INTRODUCED IN CANADA FOR THE CONTROL OF SPURGE (EUPHORBIASPP., EUPHORBIACEAE)
Authors: LeSage Laurent , Paquin Pierre 
Published: November 2009

AbstractFive species ofAphthona[A.cyparissiae(Koch),A.czwalinae(Weise),A.flavaGuillebeau,A.lacertosa(Rosenhauer), andA.nigriscutisFoudras] were introduced into Canada for the biocontrol of spurge. Four identification keys are provided to determine these species: a field key based on the coloration of the body and appendages, a key for males using characters of the aedeagi, and two keys for females, the first based on features of the spermathecae, the second based on those of the styli.
REVISION OF NORTH AMERICANAGABUSLEACH (COLEOPTERA: DYTISCIDAE): THEOPACUS-GROUP
Authors: Larson D.J. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractSpecies of theAgabus opacus- andlineellus-groups, as defined by Larson (1989), are combined and revised as members of theA.opacus-group. TheA.opacus-group contains 13 species, namely:A.hypomelasMannerheim,A.vancouverensisLeech,A.verisimilisBrown,A.vandykeiLeech,A.wasastjernae(Sahlberg),A.opacusAubé,A.confertusLeConte,A.euryomussp.nov.,A.walsinghami(Crotch),A.jimzimsp.nov.,A.lineellusLeConte,A.discorsLeConte, andA.austrodiscorssp.nov.Agabus wasastjernaeandA.opacusare Holarctic and boreal; the remaining 11 species are confined to the Cordilleran region of western North America. Character distribution does not support recognition of subspecies ofA.hypomelas, thereforeA.hypomelas irregularisMannerheim is regarded as a synonym ofA.hypomelas. A lectotype is designated forA.discorsLeConte. A phylogenetic tree of the hypothesized relationships between the species is presented.A key to the species of the group is included. For each species, the following information is provided: synonymy; description and illustration of taxonomically important characters; notes on relationships, variation, distribution, and ecology; and a map of North American collection localities.
A NEW GENUS OF TETRASTICHINAE (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE) FROM JAPAN
Authors: Ikeda Eiji , Kamijo Kazuaki , Huber John T. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA new genus and species, Stipecarinata striata (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae), is described from Japan. Its relationship to other tetrastichine genera is discussed.
TIMEMA DOUGLASI (PHASMATOPTERA: TIMEMATODEA), ANEW PARTHENOGENETIC SPECIES FROM SOUTHWESTERN OREGON AND NORTHERN CALIFORNIA, WITH NOTES ON OTHER SPECIES
Authors: Sandoval Cristina P. , Vickery Vernon R. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractTimema douglasi sp.nov. is described from southwestern Oregon and northern California, USA. It is the third parthenogenetic species in the genus and is a specialist feeder on old-growth Douglas fir, occasionally causing serious defoliation. Timema knulli Strohecker is synonymized with Timema californicum Scudder.
THE NEARCTIC SPECIES OF IDRIS FOERSTER. PART I: THE MELLEUS-GROUP (HYMENOPTERA: SCELIONIDAE)
Authors: Masner L. , Denis J. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe state of taxonomy of Idris, egg parasitoids of spiders, in Nearctic North America is reviewed. The concept of Idris is discussed and Ceralobaeus Ashmead is considered a junior synonym (new synonymy). The melleus-group of Idris is defined and 11 Nearctic species are keyed and described: I. castaneus sp.nov. (south and southeastern USA), I. chrysion sp.nov. (southeastern USA), I. costatus sp.nov. (eastern USA), I. lacunatus (Baja California, Mexico). I. leedsi sp.nov. (midsouthem USA), I. melleus (Ashrnead) (south and southeastern USA and southern Canada), I. onychion sp.nov. (southeastern USA), I. ornatus sp.nov. (eastern USA), I. pulvinus sp.nov. (south and southeastern USA), I. spartinae sp.nov. (southeastern USA), and I. triticola sp.nov. (midwestern USA). Extra-limital Nearctic members of the melleus-group are briefly discussed.
A RAPID AND SIMPLE FLOUR-DISK BIOASSAY FOR TESTING SUBSTANCES ACTIVE AGAINST STORED-PRODUCT INSECTS
Authors: Xie Y.S. , Bodnaryk R.P. , Fields P.G. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA rapid and simple flour-disk bioassay was developed to assay biologically active substances on several species of stored-products insects. The speed, simplicity, and parsimony of the bioassay derive from a single-step mixing of the test substance in aqueous solution with flour. Aliquots (100 μL) of the stirred suspension are then pipetted onto a polystyrene Petri dish using an Eppendorf pipettor and allowed to dry at room temperature overnight to produce uniform flour disks containing the test substance. After equilibration at 30 ± 1°C and 70 ± 5% relative humidity for 24 h, the disks are individually weighed and transferred to Petri dishes with weighed stored-products insects. After 3 days, the remainder of the disk and the living insects are weighed again for calculations of food consumption, utilization, growth, and mortality. Based on the flour-disk bioassay, the neem-based insecticide, Margosan-O®, significantly reduced consumption, growth, feeding, and dietary utilization in Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), Sitophilus oryzae (L.), and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) in a dose-dependent manner. Margosan-O® also caused mortality, but the species differed widely in sensitivity, C. ferrugineus being the most sensitive and T. castaneum the least. The mortality of C. ferrugineus and S. oryzae was a consequence of both toxic and antifeedant (starvation) effects, but mortality of T. castaneum was caused entirely by its toxic action. Using a whole-kernel bioassay, it was found that Margosan-O® caused a dramatic reduction in the F1 progeny of all three species.
NEOTROPICALPANDELETEIUS(COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) WITH IRREGULAR ELYTRAL STRIAE
Authors: Howden Anne T. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractSeven species-groups comprising 20 species in the New World genusPandeleteiusare described or redescribed; they are recognized by their irregular elytral striae and their well-developed stylus on the coxite of the female genitalia. The species-groups and their composition are as follows:P.biseriatusspecies-group—P.biseriatus(Kirsch),P.confinissp.nov.,P.subtilissp.nov.,P.thomasisp.nov.;P.pollinosusspecies-group—P.pollinosussp.nov.,P.mesosternalissp.nov.;P.porosusspecies-group—P.porosus(Boheman) (P.aspericollisHustache, new synonymy),P.spinipennissp.nov.,P.scorpioidessp.nov.,P.semiconnatussp.nov.,P.connatussp.nov.,P.torosussp.nov.;P.upsilonspecies-group—P.upsilonHowden,P.penaisp.nov.,P.baccatussp.nov.,P.cornellisp.nov.,P.smithsonisp.nov.;P.assimilisVoss (monobasic species-group);P.colatussp.nov. (monobasic species-group); andP.latirostris(Hustache) (monobasic species-group).Lectotypes are designated forMenetypus aspericollisHustache andPandeleteius assimilisVoss.All species are South American exceptP.thomasi, which is Mesoamerican.Host plants are unknown but adults of five species are recorded as feeding on leaves of various Caesalpinaceae and Mimosaceae.
POTENTIAL OF FOUR SPECIES OF PREDATORY MITES AS BIOLOGICALCONTROL AGENTS OF THE TOMATO RUSSET MITE, ACULOPS LYCOPERSICI (MASSEE) (ERIOPHYIDAE)
Authors: Brodeur Jacques , Bouchard André , Turcotte Gilles 
Published: November 2009

AbstractPredation experiments were conducted to identify a predator with the capacity to control the tomato russet mite, Aculops lycopersici (Massee) (Eriophyidae), in greenhouse tomato crops. The efficiency of four predatory mites species was evaluated at the individual level in the laboratory: the tydeid Homeopronematus anconai (Baker) and the phytoseiids Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot, Amblyseius cucumeris Oudemans, and A. fallacis Garman. The first three species had already been suggested as potential control agents. Predation by P. persimilis was essentially zero on tomato russet mite, whereas H. homeopronematus failed to develop to the adult stage when fed solely with this prey. Amblyseius cucumeris developed successfully on tomato russet mite but failed to reproduce. Only A. fallacis appears to possess several of the biological attributes required to control the tomato russet mite. This species attacks all stages of the pest and displays excellent survival (.92%), adequate rate of development (6.3 days at 22 °C), and good reproductive capacity in the presence of A. lycopersici.
SEX PHEROMONE COMPONENTS OF THE OAK LEAF SHREDDER, CROESIA SEMIPURPURANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)
Authors: Silk P.J. , Kuenen L.P.S. , Alford A.R. , Lonergan G.C. , Grant G.G. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractUsing gas chromatography and gas chromatography – mass spectrometry analyses of sex pheromone gland volatiles, we identified E- and Z-11-tetradecenals (E:Z-11-14:Aid) in an 85:15 blend of E:Z as the primary sex pheromone components of Croesia semipurpurana (Kearfott). Similar chemical analyses of sex pheromone gland extracts indicated the presence of the congeneric acetates (85:15 E:Z-11-14:Ac) and their saturated analogue (14:Ac); in addition, 85:15 E:Z-11-14:Alds were present at 5% of the acetates. The E:Z-11-14:Alds alone elicited trap capture; admixtures of saturated and unsaturated acetate analogues exhibited no significant synergistic or inhibitory effects. PVC rods with an 85:15 E:Z-11-14:Ald blend is recommended as a trap bait for monitoring population trends. It is unknown whether or not the components identified here represent the complete pheromone blend of this species; data from traps suspended 1.5 m above the ground versus those suspended 10 m above the ground suggest that future field studies may need to be conducted with traps positioned in the tree canopy.
ARTHROPOD BIODIVERSITY FROMPOPULUSCOARSE WOODY MATERIAL IN NORTH-CENTRAL ALBERTA: A REVIEW OF TAXA AND COLLECTION METHODS
Authors: Hammond H.E. James 
Published: November 2009

AbstractArthropods associated withPopuluscoarse woody material (CWM) were sampled from aspen-mixedwood stands in north-central Alberta using rearings from wood bolts and flight-intercept traps attached to snags. More than 39 000 arthropod specimens were collected over 3 years, comprised mainly of Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, and Acari. Detailed analyses are provided to compare the number of species, standardized abundance, and trophic structure between collecting methods for 257 saproxylic species of Coleoptera. Abundance of beetle species, from both rearings and window traps, and rarefaction estimates of species richness indicate little difference between methods with respect to expected number of species. However the abundance of particular beetle families differed significantly between methods, with the Aderidae, Anthicidae, and Scaphidiidae collected mainly in rearings and the Micropeplidae, Bostrichidae, Cephaloidae, Clambidae, Salpingidae, and Tenebrionidae more commonly collected with window traps. Fungivorous and predatory beetles were more abundant in CWM than wood borers, scavengers, or taxa with undetermined feeding habits, but the two methods revealed similar overall trophic structure. To census the variability in saproxylic arthropod faunas from CWM, a combination of collecting methods is recommended.
PHOTOPERIODISM AND LIFE CYCLE PLASTICITY OF AN APHID, MACROSIPHUM EUPHORBIAE (THOMAS), FROM CENTRAL NORTH AMERICA
Authors: Lamb R.J. , MacKay P.A. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractPhotoperiodic responses are described for five clones of the potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) (Homoptera: Aphididae), from Manitoba, Canada, a region with a strongly seasonal, continental climate. When exposed to long nights, parthenogenetic wingless females produce winged males and parthenogenetic winged females that subsequently produce mating females. The young adult males and winged females are restless and take flight readily, which is typical of a post-teneral migratory phase that could carry them to a winter host. These traits are characteristic of host-alternating species. However, wingless females also produce mating females, and winged females also produce parthenogenetic wingless females, traits which are characteristic of nonhost-alternating species. Clones differ in the frequencies of phenotypes they produce, some being more host-alternating than others. Critical night lengths are shortest and frequencies of males highest for clones that are closest to the host-alternating type of life cycle. The importance of phenotypic and genotypic plasticity in the life cycle is discussed.
REVISION OF NORTH AMERICANAGABUSLEACH (COLEOPTERA: DYTISCIDAE): THESERIATUS-GROUP
Authors: Larson D.J. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe nine species of the endemic North AmericanAgabus seriatus-group are revised. All species occur west of the Rocky Mountains withA.lugensLeConte also occurring on the Great Plains andA.seriatus(Say) transcontinental in mid-latitudes. The species are placed in four subgroups, namely theseriates-subgroup withA.seriatus,A.lugens, andA.perplexusSharp; thebrevicollis-subgroup withA.brevicollisLeConte,A.pandurusLeech, andA.roguusnew species; theilybiiformis-subgroup with the single speciesA.ilybiiformisZimmermann; and theregularis-subgroup withA.regularisLeConte andA.minnesotensisWallis. Geographical variation inA.seriatusis analyzed and it is concluded that recognition of subspecies ofA.seriatusis not warranted andA.s.intersectus(Crotch), NEW SYNONYMY, is relegated to a synonym ofA.seriatus. For each species the following is provided: synonymy; description and illustration of taxonomically useful characters; notes on relationships, variation, distribution, and ecology; and a map of collection localities. A key to species is provided and lectotypes designated forA.brevicollisLeConte,A.lugensLeConte,A.perplexusSharp,Gaurodytes suturalisCrotch (=A.lugens), andIlybius regularisLeConte.
DESCRIPTION OF THE MATURE LARVAE OF THREE HOPLITIS (HYMENOPTERA: APOIDEA: MEGACHILIDAE)
Authors: Torres F. , Gayubo S.F. , Tormos J. , Asis J.D. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe mature larvae of three species of Hoplitis, namely Hoplitis anceyi (Pérez), Hoplitis anthodemnion Michener, and Hoplitis nitidula (Morawitz), are described and compared with the other known larvae in the genus. The morphology of the spiracles, antennal discs, and antennal papillae, the absence of a seta on the mandibular basis, and the shape of the vertex permit the characterization of each species. Furthermore, H. anthodemnion has the integument covered by setiform spicules. Nevertheless, there is no clear separation between the three species studied and those previously known, and larval morphology does not support the consideration of Anthocopa and Hoplitis as separate genera.
BLANCHARDIA POIKILA GEN.NOV., SP.NOV. (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE, MACROSIPHINI) IN MENDOZA, ARGENTINA
Authors: Ortego J. , Nafría J.M. Nieto , Durante M.P. Mier 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBlanchardia gen.nov. and its type species Blanchardia poikila sp.nov. are described and the new combination Blanchardia capitophoroides is established for Macrosiphum capitophoroides Blanchard, 1944. The new genus forms part of the Macrosiphum group and it is characterized by the presence of one to three poorly defined rows of cells on the apex of siphunculus. Both species live on Senecio in Patagonia, Mendoza Province, Argentina.
THE EFFECT OF CONSPECIFICS ON OVIPOSITION SITE SELECTION AND OVIPOSITION BEHAVIOUR IN AEDES TOGOI (THEOBOLD) (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE)
Authors: Onyabe David Y. , Roitberg Bernard D. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractTwo opposing hypotheses are tested regarding the choice of oviposition sites by female Aedes togoi (Theobold) mosquitoes: (i) conspecific avoidance—females discriminate against sites harboring conspecifics to reduce intraspecific competition for their offspring and (ii) conspecific attraction—females prefer sites with conspecifics because their presence indicates suitable conditions for larvae. Under laboratory conditions, A. togoi females laid many more eggs on rearing water (LRW) containing conspecific larvae, their waste, bacteria, and food supplements than on rearing water alone (RM). In another experiment, females showed an oviposition preference for LRW sites that were devoid of A. togoi eggs compared with those harboring 50 (0.3 eggs/mL) conspecific eggs. Further, it was discovered that females laid their eggs at several sites rather than at a single suitable site. Possible reasons for such choices are discussed.
PHEROMONE BLEND ATTRACTS NUN MOTH, LYMANTRIA MONACHA (LEPIDOPTERA: LYMANTRIIDAE), IN JAPAN
Authors: Gries Gerhard , Gries Regine , Schaefer Paul W. 
Published: November 2009

The nun moth (NM), Lymantria monacha (L.), is one of the most important defoliators of coniferous forests in Eurasia (Bejer 1988). It was reportedly established near Brooklyn, New York (Holland 1941), but according to Ferguson (1978) “either the report was wrong or monacha did not persist, as there is no evidence of its presence now.” The potential entry of NM to North America poses a severe threat to the vitality, biodiversity, and stability of coniferous forests. The economic and environmental costs of existing exotics and the potential entry of new ones, such as NM, justify proactive management and heightened international quarantine efforts.Recent identification of an attractive and species-specific pheromone blend in NM from the Czech Republic (Grant et al. 1996; Gries et al. 1996) provides the opportunity to develop pheromone-based NM detection surveys in North America. However, as has been demonstrated for other moth species (Klun et al. 1975; Thompson et al. 1991; Tóth et al. 1992), pheromone blends of geographically wide ranging species, such as NM, may be regionally specific. Therefore, attraction of Asian NM males to the European NM pheromone blend needed to be tested.
ORIBATIDA (ACARI) IN BALSAM FIR [ABIES BALSAMEA(L.)] FORESTS OF WESTERN NEWFOUNDLAND
Authors: Dwyer E. , Larson D.J. , Thompson I.D. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe oribatid fauna of commercial balsam fir [Abies balsamea(L.)] forests of western Newfoundland were surveyed through Berlese funnel extraction of samples taken from soil and various forest microhabitats. A total of 83 species or species complexes representing 39 families was collected. Fourteen genera and 36 species are new records for Newfoundland. One genus,HaplozetesWillmann, 1935, is a new record for Canada. For each species, notes on abundance in soil samples and distribution among microhabitats are provided and for the more abundant species, seasonal variation in abundance of immature and adult stages is plotted.
ALLOZYME VARIATION, RELATEDNESS AMONG PROGENY IN A NEST, AND SEX RATIO IN THE LEAFCUTTER BEE,MEGACHILE ROTUNDATA(FABRICIUS) (HYMENOPTERA: MEGACHILIDAE)
Authors: McCorquodale D.B. , Owen R.E. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractWe assessed enzyme variability in a solitary leafcutter bee,Megachile rotundata(Fabricius), and found sufficient variability to compare relatedness among progeny in a nest in two samples: (1) nests with an associated adult female (putative mother) and (2) nests with out-of-sequence male progeny (M.rotundata, like most cavity-nesting solitary aculeates, usually provisions all female cells in a nest before any male cells). Estimates of relatedness from nests with associated adult females were consistent with the progeny in a nest being closely related and the offspring of a single, once-mated female. The relatedness estimates from nests with out-of-sequence males were all much lower, suggesting some combination of nest parasitism, nest usurpation, nest abandonment, and multiply mated females in these nests. The high levels of relatedness among female progeny in the first sample, as expected for full sisters in a haplodiploid system, are considered with respect to the evolution of social behaviour in the Hymenoptera. Besides higher estimates of relatedness, the nests with an associated female also had a lower male:female sex ratio than did nests with out-of-sequence males.
NEMATODE CONTROL OF BLACK ARMY CUTWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) UNDER LABORATORY AND FIELD CONDITIONS
Authors: West R.J. , Vrain T.C. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractFour steinernematid strains, Steinernema carpocapsae All strain, S. carpocapsae Umeå strain, S. feltiae Lie strain, and S. feltiae strain 27, were evaluated in laboratory and field tests as potential agents for the control of the black army cutworm, Actebia fennica (Tauscher). Although each of the six instars was susceptible to attack, incidences of infection were highest and generally over 60% for the third, fourth, and fifth instars when exposed to 100 infective juvenile nematodes in petri dishes. Fifth-instar larvae exposed for 1 week to soil containing 4000 infective juveniles in a 1:1:1 mixture of the L1c, All, and Umeå strains were most frequently infected with the L1c strain when reared at 10 and 12 °C and with the All strain when reared at 14 and 16 °C. One hundred thousand infective juveniles of the L1c, All, and Umeå strains and strain 27, alone and in various combinations, and applied by either a spray or soil-plug inoculation, killed black army cutworm larvae caged in the field for 1 week with treated black spruce seedlings and provided protection of current and 1 -year-old foliage. Treatments that included strain 27 provided the best protection when daily mean soil temperatures were 7–11 °C in comparison to treatments that included the Umeå or All strains, whereas treatments that included the All strain as a component appeared to be more effective than treatments containing the L1c and Umeå strains when daily mean soil temperatures were 16–17 °C.