bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological Characteristics of Organ Somatization in Multimedical Network
Authors: Kim A. 
Published: March 2009

Objectivities:The frequency of organ somatization in multimedical network was the object of study.Materials and methods:Study of 2181 patients (average age-54 ± 0.8) are presented.inventory for clinical-anamnestic behavior sign of adaptation form of disease of patients with comorbid phenomenon and standard scales for value of anxiety and depressions were used.Results:The organ somatization have been often among patients with highly education, higher job-qualification and more favorable indexes of job-performance: scientific workers (5,6% over 2,6% in the general selection, p< 0,05), leading workers (9,3% over 3,8% in the general selection, p< 0,05), employers (14,5% over 9,9% in the general selection, p< 0,5). At the same time, the workers with lower qualificated job and manual labour (3,6% over 5,9% in general selection, p< 0,05) and also without working activity by any reason (6,0% over 42,8% in general selection, p< 0,0001).Conclusion:The analyze of receive clinical characteristics, that reflected the structure of comorbid organ somatization with psychic pathology disorders has been following regularities: The patients with functional disorders of intestinal organs have been the wide specter of psychopathological disorders, such as personality, anxiety-phobic, obsessive-compulsive and affective disorders, and also continuous sluggish schizophrenia. Pathology among all psychical diseases by patients with organ somatization for certain (p< 0,05) exceed analogical activities in general disorders.
Social Anxiety and Personality Traits
Authors: Martín-Santos R. , López-Solá C. , Binelli C. , Gelabert E. , Navinés R. , Crippa J.A. , Gutierrez F. , Subirà S. 
Published: March 2009

The prevalence of social anxiety is estimated of 7-12% of the general population and 18% of university student. Social anxiety has a high prevalence of psychiatry and personality comorbidity. At age of 18-25 years old 80% of social anxiety cases have onset. To detect social anxiety at that age maybe important to avoid chronicity of the illness.Aims:To study personality traits associated with social anxiety in university students.Methods:We designed a cross-sectional study at the Autonomous University of Barcelona. Student were recruited by an advertisement. All student signed the informed consent. We collected: Socio-demographic data, personal and family psychiatry history, and the Liebowitz Anxiety Scale (LSAS) and the Temperament and Character Inventory of Cloninger. We defined as a social anxiety group a LSAS ≥50 total score.Results:Five hundred ninety-one students enter in the study. Final sample after excluded those who did not filled the rating scales was 574 participants: 75% were women, mean age (SD): 22.7 (5.3), 156 (124 women/32 men), 26% had social anxiety. Eighteen percent had family and 22% personal psychiatry history. The personality profile of the social anxiety group was: high harm avoidance (HA) (p< .001), low novelty seeking (NS) (p< .001), and low self-directedness (SD) (p< .001).By logistic regression, after corrected by sex, age, personal and family psychiatry history, HA (OR=1.118; 95%CI=1.081-1.155), NS (OR=0.954;95%CI=0.927-0.982) and SD (OR=0.957;95%CI=0.930-0.985) predicted social anxiety. R2Nagelkerke=0.442. Hosmer-Lemeshow test (p>.05).Conclusions:A profile of high HA, low NS and SD personality dimensions may predict those university students with social anxiety.
The predictive Role of Anxiety Disorders on Depressive Phenomenology During Post-partum Period [P01-144]
Authors: Mauri M. , Rambelli C. , Montagnani M.S. , Camilleri V. , Cortopassi S. , Ramacciotti D. , Banti S. , Borri C. , Annalisa O. , Bettini A. , Ricciardulli S. , Giunti Y. , Ciaponi B. , Di Biase S. 
Published: March 2009

Aims:To investigate the predictive role of any specific (DSM-IV) Anxiety Disorders (AD) on depressive symptoms and Major or Minor Depressive Disorder (MDD, mDD) during early postpartum period.Method:Women (at the 12th-15th gestational week, N=1066) were recruited in the framework of the Program ‘Perinatal Depression - Research & Screening Unit (PND-ReScU)’. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and Axis-I disorders (AD, MDD, mDD) were diagnosed with the Structured Clinical Interview for Axis-I Disorders (SCID-I).Results:Any current AD at baseline (3rd month of pregnancy) was detected in 231 (21.7%). Having at least one current AD, was associated with a greater likelihood of having MDD or mDD during the early postpartum period, even after the adjustment for the confounding factor of having a lifetime history of MDD (RR=3.86 95%CI 1.58-9.42).In particular, women affected by Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (N=17; 1.6%) or Panic Disorder (N=43; 4%) had at higher risk to develop depressive symptoms (EPDS≥13) during the postpartum period than women without these AD (RR=6.9 and 6.7 respectively). As for the risk of developing PPD, the strongest association was found for women with Panic Disorder (RR=7.6 95% CI 2.62-22.0).Conclusions:AD are associated with a greater likelihood to develop depressive symptoms and MDD or mDD during the early postpartum period. Women with current PD have the strongest risk to develop both MDD or mDD and depressive symptoms during early postpartum period compared to other anxiety disorders.
Comparison of Symptom-free Days in Generalized Anxiety Disorder Following Treatment with Pregabalin or Venlafaxine-XR
Authors: Hoffman D.L. , Mychaskiw M.A. , Dukes E.M. , Dodge W.E. , Joshi A. 
Published: March 2009

Aims:To estimate the clinical benefit of pregabalin and venlafaxine-XR for the short-term treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) using the metric of symptom-free days (SFDs).Methods:A post-hoc analysis of a clinical trial in which adults who met DSM-IV criteria for GAD, with a HAM-A total score ≥ 20, were randomized to 8-weeks of double-blind, flexible-dose treatment with pregabalin (300-600 mg/d), venlafaxine-XR (75-225 mg/d) or placebo. SFDs were estimated for each one-week period based on weekly HAM-A scores using a published algorithm. Differences were analyzed using pairwise comparisons from a GLM adjusting for baseline HAM-A and sites.Results:The sample consisted of 121 patients on pregabalin (female, 64%; mean age, 39.5 years; LS mean ± SE baseline HAM-A, 27.6 ± 0.5), 125 patients on venlafaxine-XR (female, 58%; mean age, 42.6 years; baseline HAM-A, 27.5 ± 0.5), and 128 patients on placebo (female, 61%; mean age, 40.2 years; baseline HAM-A, 26.8 ± 0.5). At endpoint, LS mean (± SE) number of SFDs was significantly higher for pregabalin (20.6 ± 1.4) compared with both venlafaxine-XR (16.5 ± 1.4; p=0.018) and placebo (15.5 ± 1.3; p=0.004). Values remained significant after adjusting for multiple comparisions (p=0.0447 and p=0.0107, respectively).Conclusion:Treatment with pregabalin resulted in more SFDs compared with venlafaxine-XR and placebo. The lack of difference in SFDs for groups treated with venlafaxine-XR compared to placebo contrasts with a previously reported study. Further studies are warranted to explore the application of the SFD metric.
Insomnia and Quality of Life in Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Impact on Clinical Presentation and Response to Pregabalin and Venlafaxine-XR
Authors: Mychaskiw M.A. , Alvir J.M. , Herman B.K. , Pallanti S. , Joshi A. 
Published: March 2009

Aims:To assess the impact of insomnia on quality of life (QoL) and functioning in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and evaluate the efficacy of pregabalin and venlafaxine-XR in improving sleep and QoL.Methods:A double-blind trial in adults who met DSM-IV criteria for GAD, with a HAM-A total score ≥20,randomized to 8-weeks of flexible-dose treatment with pregabalin (300-600 mg/d, N=121), venlafaxine-XR (75-225 mg/d, N=125), or placebo (N=128).Results:At baseline, 64% of all subjects had insomnia (according to the Medical Outcomes Study Sleep scale [MOS]-Sleep Problems Index [SPI] criteria).While HAM-A total scores (minus the insomnia item) were similar for patients with and without baseline insomnia (25.7 vs. 25.0) those with reported significantly more impairment on the Quality of Life, Enjoyment, and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q; 45.4 vs. 53.6; p< 0.0001) and Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS; 17.5 vs.14.3; p< 0.0001) than those without. At endpoint, there was a significantly greater mean improvement in MOS-sleep disturbance factor and MOS-SPI with pregabalin (-29.0 and -21.1, respectively) than venlafaxine-XR (-14.7 and -11.0) or placebo (-15.2 and -12.5; all p< 0.05). In more pregabalin (64%) than venlafaxine-XR (51%) or placebo (52%) subjects, abnormal baseline sleep had normalized by endpoint. Endpoint change in MOS-SPI significantly correlated with improvement in both Q-LES-Q and SDS-total scores (Spearman r-values, -0.48 and 0.46, respectively; both p< 0.0001; all subjects).Conclusion:Significantly greater impairment in QoL and functioning was observed in patients with high (vs. low) levels of insomnia. Pregabalin produced significantly greater improvement in insomnia than venlafaxine-XR or placebo.
Different Pathways into Panic Disorder, Agoraphobia and Specific Phobia
Authors: Nocon A. , Brückl T. , Zimmermann P. , Pfister H. , Irving H. , Rehm J. , Lieb R. , Wittchen H.-U. 
Published: March 2009

Background:In light of the ongoing debate whether agoraphobia [AG] should be viewed as a severe phobic disorder similar to specific phobia [SPE] or as a complication of panic disorder [PD] we aim to study the vulnerability structure of PD, AG and SPE.Methods:3021 14-24 year-olds from the general population were followed-up over 10 years. DSM-IV syndromes were assessed via computerized M-CIDI interview and vulnerability factors via questionnaires. Associations were assessed with odds ratios from logistic regression. Latent class analysis (LCA) regressed on vulnerability factors was used to derive classes that underlie panic and phobic syndromes and to assess their associations with vulnerability factors.Results:1.Vulnerability patterns were largely similar between PD, AG and SPE.2.The LCA resulted in a best fitting model with 4 classes: a healthy class, a class with moderate frequency of phobias without PD, a class characterized by PD and AG and moderate frequency of SPE (PDAG class) and one class characterized by high frequency of AG and SPE situational type and lower frequency of PD (AGSIT class).3.All classes showed different associations with multiple vulnerability measures. Subjects in the PDAG class reported less SPE in parents (OR=0.2; 95% CI=0.0-0.6) and older onset-age of any psychopathology (OR=2.0; 95% CI=1.07-3.6) than the AGSIT class.Discussion:We found indications for separate latent classes underlying PD and phobias that were characterized by different vulnerability factors. We interprete the different classes as different vulnerability clusters and evidence of multiple pathways leading to panic and phobias.
Cultural Adaptation into Spanish of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale - 7 (GAD-7) Scale
Authors: García-Campayo J. , Zamorano E. , Ruíz M.A. , Pardo A. , Freire O. , Pérez-Páramo M. , López-Gómez V. , Rejas J. 
Published: March 2009

Purpose:To carry out cultural adaptation and validation into Spanish of the 7-items self-administered GAD-7 scale; a tool to identify probable patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD).Material and methods:The adaptation, conducted by an eight-expert panel, was performed by means of a conceptual equivalence process, including forward and backward translations in duplicate to the original language. The content validity was assessed by inter-ratter-agreement (item-goal congruence index of Rovinelli-Hambleton). The adapted version was administered to patients with GAD according to DSM IV criteria and their respective controls, matched by age and sex, who were recruited at random in Mental Health and Primary Care centres to verify scale feasibility and potential understanding problems.Results:The inter-ratter reliability confirmed the correct inclusion of items in the corresponding dimension of GAD. The study sample consisted of 8 patients with GAD and 8 controls (62.5% male), mean age 50.38 years (SD=16.76). The average time to completion was 2’30”. No items of the scale were left blank. Floor and ceiling effects were negligible. No patients with GAD had to be assisted to fill in the questionnaire. All the items, except item 5 (p=0,105), showed statistically significant differences among groups (p< 0.05).Conclusion:After the adaptation process, a Spanish version of the GAD-7 scale was obtained, confirming its content validity, pertinence and adequacy of items in the Spanish cultural context. The brief time to completion precluded a fast and easy self-administration in the routine medical practice to promptly detect probable cases of GAD.
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Associated to Long-term Dissociative Fugue: A Case Report
Authors: Manteiga A. Tatay , Sopena L. Laguna , Diez-Canseco M. Lloret , Magán T. Merino , Díez S. Cepeda , Martínez V. Balanzá 
Published: March 2009

Aims:Since the end of 19th century, mental health professionals have noticed that individuals who have experienced traumatic situations often present dissociative symptoms, such as amnesia or fugue states. Dissociation is a defensive mechanism that allows an individual to separate from conscience the psychological distress produced by the trauma. Our aim was to remark the association between Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and long-term dissociative disorders through the study of a clinical case.Method:A clinical case was followed and reviewed to illustrate this relationship.Results:Ten years ago, a 49-year-old man was diagnosed of PTSD after having witnessed several colleagues burnt in a tragic accident at work and having helped the emergency fire brigade to rescue other victims. His symptoms required treatment with antidepressants and psychotherapy, and fully remitted after one year. Nevertheless, during the last year, he has presented two dissociative amnesia episodes lasting for three days each, which were examined by a neurology service. More recently, he has suffered a ten-day episode of dissociative fugue, which required psychiatric hospitalization. Although the patient has been asymptomatic during a decade, it is remarkable that he has presented three dissociative episodes in a short period of time. One of them, the fugue state, is interesting because of its long duration and its relatively low prevalence in the general population.Conclusions:This clinical case allows us to appreciate the long-term relationships between psychological trauma and dissociation, in addition to the well-known short-term effects.
Lamotrigine in Therapy of Patient with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Case Report
Authors: Kozumplik O. , Uzun S. , Jakovljevic M. 
Published: March 2009

Patient N-V, with diagnose of PTSD according to DSM-IV-TR, was hospitalized in Vrapce Psychiatric Hospital, Zagreb, during 2008. At admission he reported tension, anxiety, irritability, need for isolation form other people, insomnia and nightmares. He said he was waking up almost every night because of nightmares.In the beginning of hospital treatment lamotrigine was introduced in therapy, in daily dosage of 25 mg, along with diazepam 10 mg daily and zolpidem 10 mg in the evening. After three days the daily dosage of lamotrigine was elevated to 50 mg. No side effects of treatment were observed and the daily dosage of lamotrigine was elevated to 100 mg after six days and again on 200 mg after ten days of continuous therapy with lamotrigine. The patient reported improvement of sleep - he said he the nightmares were less frequent and he did not wake up as often as before. Also, during second week of treatment he became less tensed. After three weeks of treatment he became even more relaxed and less irritable. Also, he became more active and able to endure conversation. Initial insomnia was reduced, and he was waking up only occasionally during night. The patient was discharged from hospital after six weeks of treatment. Recommended therapy at discharge was lamotrigine in daily dosage of 200 mg, 10 mg of zolpidem in the evening, and diazepam 5 mg in case of tension.
Audit of Pattern of Benzodiazepine Prescribing in a Community Mental Health Team in England
Authors: Nodiyal A. Ghosh , Ahuja N. 
Published: March 2009

Aims:To audit benzodiazepine prescribing in a Community Mental Health team, with a view to identifying areas for improvement.Methods:All the 245 patient's case notes were audited, from October 2004 to October 2005, of those in the Outpatients Clinic's case load, in North Shields. A semi structured pro-forma was designed. On the basis of the guidelines from Committee on Safety of Medicines (CSM) (1988), DOH Document (1999), DOH Ireland report of benzodiazepine commission (2002), www.benzo.org.uk, Newcastle, North Tyneside and Northumbria NHS Trust Guidelines for hypnotic/anxiolytic use and Lanarkshire PCT guidelines, the standards were finalised. The audit tool looked at demographics, indications of benzodiazepine prescription, co-morbid medical conditions, substance misuse, psychotherapeutic intervention and follow up of patients prescribed benzodiazepines.Results:245 notes were audited. 24% of all patients were on benzodiazepines. Out of those, 56% were women. A third of these patients were between 41-50 year olds, while another third were older than 50years. Co-morbid substance and alcohol dependence was uncommon. The most common diagnoses in these patients were mood disorder (31%), schizophrenia (20%), and personality disorders (12%). Nearly two-third of patients suffered from co-morbid medical conditions. 25% patients had had psychological therapies. None of them were given advice about sleep hygiene and driving.Conclusions:Older women with mood disorders are more likely to be prescribed benzodiazepines longer than recommended. Advice about driving, sleep hygiene, information about side effects and risks was not offered to most patients. Recommendations have been made, with a view to re-auditing and improving services.
Psychopharmacotherapy in a Multy-type Hospital
Authors: Pyrkov P. 
Published: March 2009

Introduction:The increasing number of patients with comorbide mental disorders, who were staying in multy-type hospitals, necessitates the organization of psychiatric service, which includes psychopharmacotherapy.Results:Observations were performed during 25 years in a multy-type emergency hospital.Indications for psychopharmacotherapy were:1.Organic (somatogenic) mental disorders (F06) - 61%, among them are: organic delirium ((F05, 8) - 25%, organic hallucinosis (F06.0) - 10%, organic amnesic syndrome (F04) - 27%, organic anxiety phobic disorder with agitation (F06.4) - 9%.2.Mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use (F10 - 19%, F10.03 -12%, F10.31 - 6%, F11.21 - 1%.3.Neurotic depression with suicidal behaviour (accomplished parasuicide) (F43, 24) - 1%.4.Anorexia nervosa (F50.0) - 3%.5.Dementia (F00-F02) - 16%.The examination showed that short-time (up to 10-15 days) psychotic disorders could be reduced with parenteral introduction of the Diazepam 2ml 2-3 times/day.The use of Nootropics (Pyracetam 20% 10-20ml, Cerebryl 250ml iv) and B vitamins stimulated reduction of psychosis.Any of patients wasn't moved to the residential psychiatric facility.We didn't use neuroleptics cause their iatrogenic activity by organic psychosis and incompatibility with some somatotropic medicaments, employing by multiplex somatic disorder.Conclusion:Optimization of the psychopharmacotherapy in general hospital requires a regular psychiatrist on its staff. The treatment of the patient in the general hospital seems to be economic and moral effective.
Lorazepam-induced Heightened Sexual Desire
Authors: Simões S. , Amorim J. , Machado Á. 
Published: March 2009

Introduction:Drug-induced increased libido has been reported mainly with dopaminergic agents. Although benzodiazepines may cause behavioural dishinibition, they were rarely related to sexual undesired urges.Case:A 62-year-old woman was seen for breast mucinous carcinoma. Besides mild hypertension and initial insomnia she was otherwise previously healthy. She was chronically medicated with ramipril and diazepam 5mg id. Tumour ressection was carried out and chemotherapy with FEC-T was began. One week after, in a follow-up visit, she complained having difficulties on sleep onset. Lorazepam 1mg at the bedtime was prescribed. After the first dose she felt an overwhelming sexual desire, the urge making her to repeatedly open and close her legs, feeling even the physical intercourse. This sensation fade gradually over the next few hours. On the following day she decided to take another lorazepam pill to be sure it was the cause of that strange feelings. The symptoms of the previous night were completely reproduced. She has now completed the chemotherapy and proposed to adjuvant radiotherapy. She never felt those symptoms again and did not take another lorazepam.Conclusion:It is believed that dopaminomimetic drugs can heighten sexual desire by increasing dopamine concentration on the mesolimbic pathway. In this way, benzodiazepines, as GABA enhancers, would inhibit dopamine release leading to reduced libido. On the other hand, GABA also inhibits serotoninergic-mediated vigilance and impulse control, leading to dishinibition and impulsivity. In our patient, lorazepam has caused a “virtual intercourse” as previously found in electric and mechanic stimulation of septal region and amygdala.
Cognitive and Affective Endophenotypes Related to Major Depression are Associated with P2RX7
Authors: Sarosi A. , Szekely A. , Balogh G. , Gonda X. , Halmai Z. , Rihmer Z. , Faludi G. , Sasvari-Szekely M. 
Published: March 2009

Background:The P2RX7 gene encoding for purinergic receptor P2X has earlier been associated with a susceptibility to anxiety and affective disorders. The aim of our present study was to investigate the association of this polymorphism with different aspects and symptom clusters of major depression.Method:192 inpatients diagnosed with DSM-IV major depression and bipolar I and bipolar II depression aged 21-69 years (mean=48.2±11.05) participated in our study. All participants were evaluated using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). All patients were genotyped for the P2RX7 Gln460Arg SNP (rs2230912) using PCR. Association between genotype and MADRS scores was analysed with ANOVA controlling for age and gender.Results:rs2230912 genotype showed a significant association with depression indicated by the total MADRS score. We also found a significant genotype effect in case of the Affective and Cognitive clusters, but not on the Somatic and Psychomotor clusters of MADRS.Discussion:We managed to confirm earlier results concerning the association of the P2RX7 rs2230912 with major depressive disorder and bipolar depression. Furthermore, we found that this association is carried by the affective and cognitive symptoms associated with depression. Our results bring us closer to decomposing depression to endophenotypes more suitable for research and also for understanding the nature of affective disorders.This work was supported by EU-Hungarian fund, GVOP AKF 311 2004 050324/3.0, the Hungarian National fund, OTKA T048576 and Janos Bolyai Research Fellowship of the Hungarian Academy of Science.