bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Culturally Adapting a Mental Health Literacy Intervention With Youth (Stakeholders) for Implementation in Malawi Universities
Authors: Nyali Joel , Chirwa Gloria , Chitalah Beatrice Cynthia , Jumbe Sandra 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn Malawi, it is difficult to promote positive mental health due to poverty, cultural beliefs, and stigma associated with mental illness. Mental health literacy (MHL) is not integrated into the education system despite evidence suggesting educational settings as ideal to deliver MHL programmes. Stakeholder input is crucial during development of interventions. This paper reports on our work with diverse stakeholders to culturally adapt a MHL course (MHLc) for implementation in Malawi universities. The MHLc structure and content development involved focus group discussions (FGDs) with 44 Malawian youth from universities and youth organisations, a national MHL survey and a systematic review exploring adolescent substance use in Africa. The MHLc was delivered to 35 first‐year university students. Students’ MHL was assessed using two questionnaires before and 3 months after MHLc delivery during an evaluation session which also included FGDs with 20 participants to explore course satisfaction. MHL questionnaire responses were analysed using paired t‐tests and FGD transcripts were thematically analysed. Overall student attendance rate during the MHLc delivery was 92%. However, only 57% attended the evaluation session. Students’ MHL increased after course completion (pre and post scores were 116.7 and 117.9 respectively) however this change was not significant. Student feedback about the MHLc was positive. They highlighted acquiring considerable mental health knowledge and skills that they would utilise in their lives daily. A key challenge raised was disruption of course delivery due to electricity outages. The MHLc content was acceptable among university students with high attendance rates and positive feedback regarding impact on participants’ mental health knowledge and attitudes. This paper highlights the value of stakeholders’ input when designing mental health interventions. In future, we need to mitigate disruption of the MHLc delivery and consider incentives to reduce participant dropout at follow up points.
Roselle Extract Ameliorates Abnormal Glucolipid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota in Obese Mice Fed With High‐Fat Diet
Authors: Yang Dan , Xu Hai‐Xia , Wang Wen‐Jun , Yin Zhong‐Ping , Chen Ji‐Guang , Yuan En , Zhang Qing‐Feng 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTRoselle extract (RE) is rich in anthocyanins and chlorogenic acids. This study investigated the health‐promoting effects of RE on lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, glycometabolism, and gut microbiota in obese mice fed a high‐fat diet (HFD). The obesity model was induced by feeding mice a HFD, with RE supplementation added to their drinking water at concentrations of 2 and 4 mg/mL for 12 weeks. RE significantly reduced body weight gain and fat accumulation compared to the control group, alleviated hepatic steatosis, and improved insulin sensitivity. Additionally, RE restored antioxidative enzyme activities such as SOD and GSH‐PX while reducing MDA levels. Transcriptomic analysis of the liver was performed to evaluate gene expression related to lipid metabolism, particularly in the PPAR signaling pathway. Gut microbiota analysis showed that RE increased beneficial bacteria and reduced the Firmicutes‐to‐Bacteroidetes ratio, suggesting an improvement in gut dysbiosis caused by the HFD. RE enhanced lipid metabolism, reduced oxidative stress, and improved insulin sensitivity in obese mice, potentially through modulation of the PPAR signaling pathway and gut microbiota, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic candidate for obesity‐related metabolic disorders.
Usefulness of the WAIS‐IV Short Form for Measuring Cognitive Function in Patients With Schizophrenia
Authors: Ito Satsuki , Sumiyoshi Chika , Matsumoto Junya , Miura Kenichiro , Yasuda Yuka , Hasegawa Naomi , Takano Harumasa , Sumiyoshi Tomiki , Hashimoto Ryota 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSchizophrenia causes cognitive dysfunction. The assessment of cognitive function is important in the treatment of schizophrenia. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) is used to assess cognitive function in patients with psychiatric disorders. For clinical use, a short form of the WAIS‐III was developed in Japan specifically for patients with schizophrenia, allowing the estimation of IQ using the Similarities and Symbol Search. In the present study, we examined whether the same tasks could be used on the short form of the WAIS‐IV. The subjects were 110 patients with schizophrenia. Using methods consistent with those employed in developing the WAIS‐III short form, exploratory factor analysis was conducted to confirm the factor structure of intelligence in patients with schizophrenia. Regression analysis demonstrated that the Similarities and Symbol Search had sufficient explanatory power for estimating full‐scale IQ. Additionally, correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between estimated IQ, and social functioning. These findings indicate that the short form of the WAIS‐IV, consisting of the Similarities and Symbol Search, meets the necessary criteria for practical use. This short form provides an efficient alternative for estimating cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia while maintaining enough validity.
Comparing Low‐Frequency Hearing Thresholds between Insert Earphones and Headphones in Ears with Tympanic Membrane Perforations
Authors: Hsu Anna , AL Nemer Sarah H. , Kfoury Peter , Stout Jordan , Holley Anna , Stone Caitlin , Firpo Matthew , Park Albert 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveTo compare hearing thresholds at 250 and 500 Hz in pediatric patients with tympanic membrane perforations (TMP) using RadioEar IP30 insert earphones and RadioEar TDH50s 3045 supra‐aural headphonesStudy DesignProspective clinical pilot study.SettingPrimary Children's Hospital, Utah.MethodsChildren (<18 years of age) were prospectively enrolled into 2 groups based on the presence of TMPs (no TMP, TMP). Hearing thresholds were measured at 250 and 500 Hz using RadioEar IP30 insert earphones and RadioEar TDH50s 3045 supra‐aural headphones for all participants.ResultsAt 250 and 500 Hz, hearing thresholds were significantly higher when recorded with insert earphones than with supra‐aural headphones in pediatric participants with TMPs. At 250 Hz, thresholds obtained with inserts were 14.7 ± 7.2 dB (P < .001) higher than thresholds obtained with supra‐aural headphones and 8.0 ± 7.5 dB higher (P < .01) at 500 Hz.ConclusionLow‐frequency hearing thresholds were significantly higher when measured with insert earphones in patients with TMPsbut not in patients without TMPs. A diagnosis of low‐frequency hearing loss must be interpreted with caution when using insert earphones in participants with TMPs.
Policy Design Spaces in Brazil's and Argentina's Digital Government
Authors: Lui Lizandro , de Avelino Ciro Pitangueira 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe article aims to investigate the development of the digital transformation agenda in Latin America to understand which factors have been essential for countries to achieve effectiveness in their policy design. We conducted a qualitative study based on document analysis and interviews with public managers in Brazil and Argentina. We found that both countries have developed policies to build the digital government agenda since 2015. We identify the growing political prestige the agenda has gained within each country and the institutional support of organizations such as the Organization for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD). However, technical capacity challenges must be addressed, especially in retaining qualified human resources within the state bureaucracy. The article argues that the design space framework, although sharp, fails to embrace features of the Latin American context, such as the brain drain and the inability of the state to retain highly qualified professionals.
The Impact of Teacher Social‐Emotional Competence Training on Students' Social‐Emotional Competence: A Theoretical Framework Based on the KAB Model and Empirical Analysis Using SSES Data
Authors: Li Dayin , Qian Mengting 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe study aimed to examine the impact of social‐emotional competence (SEC) training for teachers on adolescents' SEC and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Based on the KAB behavior change model, this study constructs an analytical framework and empirically analyzes the intrinsic connection between teacher SEC training and students' SEC using data from 3,588 participants in the SSES project. The findings indicate that students taught by teachers with higher participation in SEC training achieved SEC scores that were 5.08 points higher on average than those taught by teachers with lower participation. Among the various aspects, teacher SEC training has the greatest impact on students' collaboration skills and the least impact on openness. Furthermore, the analysis of the mechanism through which teacher SEC training affects students' SEC reveals that this impact is statistically significant and is mediated by teachers' teaching attitudes and methods. While teacher SEC training has a significant impact on teachers' teaching methods, this impact is not unilaterally transmitted but is moderated by teacher‐student relationships. The research results show that offering SEC training for teachers can positively impact students' SEC and highlight the important role of teachers’ attitudes and methods in this process.
Teachers' Perceived Interplay Between Emotional Intelligence, School Climate and Burnout: A Mixed‐Method Study
Authors: Postigo‐Zegarra Silvia , Valero‐Moreno Selene , Romero‐Reignier Virginia , Schoeps Konstanze 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe conservation of resources (COR) model has accumulated sufficient evidence to explain burnout in a variety of professions, including teachers, based on the relationship between organizational demands and personal resources, and its development from emotional exhaustion, cynicism and decreased self‐actualization, in that order. From a holistic perspective, the purpose of this study was to provide evidence on this relationship in teacher burnout, analyzing the influence of school climate as a demand and emotional intelligence as a resource. The design is cross‐sectional and combines quantitative self‐report data with qualitative focus group data. The analysis comprised fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis (Fs/QCA) and thematic analysis, respectively. The results suggest different relationships between school climate and emotional intelligence for each of the dimensions of teacher burnout. These findings emphasize that emotional intelligence and contextual factors can help teachers introduce emotional education in the classroom without being perceived as an overload but as an added resource.
Unterwasser‐Pumpspeicherkraftwerke im Tagebauloch, Teil 2: Ideale Kurzzeit‐Stromspeicher
Authors: Luther Gerhard , Düren Michael , Risse Henry , Schmidt-Böcking Horst 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungDie deutsche Energiewende setzt aus Effizienzgründen auf eine weitgehende Elektrifizierung der gesamten Energiewirtschaft. Zur neuen Primärenergie wird elektrischer Strom mit den Hauptpfeilern Photovoltaik und Windenergie. Diese Stromerzeugung folgt jedoch starr dem aktuellen Dargebot an regenerativer Energie. Dadurch entsteht eine Differenz zum aktuellen Verbrauch, die vor allem über Kurzzeit‐Stromspeicher abgefangen werden muss. Teil 1 hat Unterwasser‐Pumpspeicherkraftwerke in Tagebaulöchern als sinnvollste Lösung für Kurzzeit‐Speicher eingeführt. Teil 2 stellt das Zweispeichermodell vor. Es kombiniert Kurzzeitspeicher auf Basis von Pumpspeicherkraftwerken oder Akkumulatoren mit Langzeit‐/Backup‐Speichern vor allem auf Basis von regenerativem Wasserstoff. Danach folgt die Diskussion zweier Kraftwerksvarianten in Tagebaulöchern, neben dem Unterwasser‐Pumpspeicherkraftwerk das Ringspeicherkraftwerk.
Properties and Mechanism of Flame Retardant Poly(Lactic Acid) Composites Containing Phosphaphenanthrene‐Hydroxyl Phenyl Maleimide Derivative
Authors: Long Lijuan , Nie Xiang , Wang Xin , Shan Chunyan , Qin Shuhao , Gong Wei , Hai Fu , Yu Jie 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTA derivative based on 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide and maleimide units with terminal hydroxyl group (DH) was synthesized and incorporated in poly(lactic acid) (PLA). The properties and mechanism of PLA/DH composites were investigated. The results showed that PLA composites under 10 wt% DH load achieved vertical combustion test (UL‐94) V‐0 rating with an increased limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 27.2% and a 15.8% decrease in peak heat release rate. The prominent flame retardant efficiency of DH in PLA was attributed to its excellent flame inhibition and diluting effects in gaseous phase as well as a certain cross‐linked structure in the condensed phase. Specifically, the elongation at break of PLA/DH‐7.5 was increased by 17.6% in comparison to that of pure PLA. DH with terminal hydroxyl group displayed enhanced interaction and good compatibility with PLA, thus endowing good comprehensive performances to PLA. As a result, the combination of phosphaphenanthrene and maleimide units with terminal hydroxyl group provides a facile and effective method to improve the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of PLA.
Improved Grey Wolf‐Differential Evolution Algorithm for UAV OAM‐MDI‐QKD Parameter Optimization
Authors: Wu Dan , Li Jiahao , Cui Xile , Deng Zhifeng , Tang Jie , Cao Yuexiang , Liu Ying , Hu Haoran , Wang Ya , Wang XingYu , Yu Huicun , Wei Jiahua , Lun Huazhi , Shi Lei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe integration of unconditional security of quantum key distribution (QKD) with the flexibility of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) presents significant potential for the deployment of comprehensive quantum networks. However, imperfect components of practical QKD systems offer avenues for eavesdropping, while the limited payload capacity and vibrations of UAVs present substantial challenges. This paper introduces an orbital angular momentum (OAM) encoding strategy combined with decoy‐state and the measurement‐device‐independent QKD (MDI‐QKD) protocol to address security issues and reference frame misalignment in UAV‐based QKD systems. Nevertheless, the communication performance of the OAM‐MDI‐QKD system is significantly affected by complex environmental challenges in the airborne channel. To improve the degraded communication performance in airborne platforms, an enhanced grey wolf optimization‐differential evolution (GWO‐DE) algorithm is developed, utilizing chaotic mapping and a nonlinear decay factor to strengthen global search and convergence capabilities, which effectively addresses the search limitations of local search algorithms (LSA) when dealing with high‐dimensional objective functions. Simulation results demonstrate that the GWO‐DE algorithm outperforms other traditional optimization algorithms in terms of optimization precision and transmission distance enhancement, with computational speed meeting system requirements.
Recurrent Neurogenic Pulmonary Edema Associated With Epileptic Seizures
Authors: Enomoto Takanori , Sekiya Reina , Sasaki Yoshihiko , Hosoe Tsugumi , Fujimoto Hazuki , Tsukamoto Rei , Yoshizaki Asuka , Terashita Tomomi , Kamada Hiroshi , Nakata Kyosuke 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTNeurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) is acute pulmonary edema triggered by an injury to the central nervous system. NPE associated with epileptic seizures is less common and not well known to recur. We report a case of a 51‐year‐old woman with NPE with recurrent epileptic seizures. The patient was brought to our hospital with two episodes of clonic convulsions. Imaging studies obtained on admission showed bilateral infiltration in the upper lobes of both lungs. The patient was discharged after receiving antiepileptic drugs. NPE may recur with epileptic seizures.
Downsizing Overlap Stenting for Bronchial Anastomotic Dehiscence Size Mismatch in Lung Transplant
Authors: Vaca‐Cartagena Bryan F. , Funes‐Ferrada Rodrigo , Yu Lee‐Mateus Alejandra , Barrios‐Ruiz Alanna , Valdes‐Camacho Sofia , Alvarez Francisco , Narula Tathagat , Fernandez‐Bussy Sebastian , Abia‐Trujillo David 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBronchial dehiscence is a known complication following lung transplantation. In cases involving extensive airway necrosis and air leaks, bronchoscopic placement of self‐expanding metallic stents provides an effective and safe management strategy. These stents facilitate granulation and tissue reepithelialization. We present a case of bronchial anastomotic dehiscence size mismatch after a lung transplant. This complication was successfully managed using three stents placed via a telescoping technique with flexible bronchoscopy.
Position‐Feedback Integral IDA‐PBC for Constant Matched and Unmatched Disturbances
Authors: Franco Enrico , Ryalat Mutaz 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis work investigates the passivity‐based control of a class of underactuated mechanical systems subject to constant matched and unmatched disturbances, for which the momenta are not measured. The main contribution is a new design of the integral interconnection‐and‐damping assignment passivity‐based control that only relies on position feedback. Numerical simulations on a disk‐on‐disk system, on an Acrobot system, and on a rigid‐link model representative of a soft continuum manipulator demonstrate the effectiveness of the new controller.
Mixed Valence Copper Oxide (CuOx) as Active Catalyst for Glucose Electrochemical Sensor
Authors: Ma Rao , Xiao Xin , Feng Ziwei , Jiang Ke , Hu Rong , Meng Shuang , Yang Tong , Huang Long 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDetecting glucose levels in food & beverages and body fluids is crucial for health management and disease diagnosis. Developing a highly efficient and durable catalyst is essential for glucose electrochemical sensor. Herein, we reported copper oxides with tuned structure as catalyst for glucose electro‐oxidation by simple hydrothermal method. Formaldehyde, trisodium citrate, and ascorbic acid were adopted as reductant for the synthesis of copper oxides. The surface structure and glucose electro‐oxidation activity of as‐synthesized copper oxides were carefully studied. The surface valence of copper was greatly influenced by the reductant, and the enhanced Cu+ content in the surface was believed to account for the improved activity toward glucose electro‐oxidation. When using formaldehyde as reductant, the resulted CuOx‐FA exhibited the best activity toward glucose electro‐oxidation with the detection limit as low as 0.1 µM and showed a wide linear detection range of 0.1 µM ∼ 1 mM. The CuOx‐FA also showed fast response, good anti‐interference ability, and excellent durability, which makes it a promising catalyst for glucose electrochemical sensor.
In‐Situ Hydrogenation Strategies on Vanadium Oxide Hole‐Selective Contact for Efficiency Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Authors: Xie Anzhi , Nong Qingxian , Shang Kaiming , Sun Yiwei , He Jian , Gao Pingqi 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSurface passivation and contact resistance are two main parameters to optimize the photoelectric performance of crystalline silicon/transition metal oxides (c‐Si/TMO) heterojunction solar cells. However, most studies focus on the introduction of dielectric layers at the heterojunction interface to improve the passivating contact performance, with limited attention given to optimizing the TMO film for improved photoelectric performance. Herein, an in‐situ hydrogen plasma treatment (HPT) process is employed to modulate the photoelectric properties of vanadium oxide (V2Ox) film as well as the c‐Si/V2Ox interface. With increased O vacancy density in V2Ox film and increased H bonds at c‐Si/V2Ox interface, this c‐Si/HPT‐V2Ox contact shows reduced contact resistivity and improved passivation properties. A satisfied power conversion efficiency (PCE) of close to 23% is achieved on p‐type c‐Si solar cells with full area HPT‐V2Ox rear hole selective contacts. The results show the high potential of V2Ox as thermal and environmental stable hole selective contact for photovoltaic applications.
Oxygen Vacancy‐Tailored n‐Type MXenes for Efficient Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting
Authors: Wan Zhiliang , Liu Xiaofang , Liu Cheng , Liu Congcong , Liu Peipei , Tan Rongri , Zhang Qiang , Chen Zhihong , Xu Jingkun , Jiang Fengxing 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMXene is an emerging 2D electronic material, which has attracted extensive attention in the fields of energy conversion and storage, electromagnetic shielding, and catalysis, etc. MXene has a wide range of types, and its abundant surface terminations and vacancy defects make it have a unique and adjustable electronic structure. Among them, oxygen vacancy (VO) regulation is considered to be one of the most effective methods. However, it mainly relies on natural defects caused by chemical etching in preparation leading to difficult control in VO contents. Here, an electrochemical method is proposed and successfully achieve regulation of VO within a certain range in Ti3C2Tx MXene. This fact is that the VO stems from the elimination of partial ‒OH groups. It is further confirmed that the VO manipulation greatly increases its electrical conductivity (σ) from 1400 to 4052.3 S cm−1, and is insensitive to Seebeck coefficient (S), resulting in a 4‐folds higher thermoelectric power factor (S2σ) with good environmental stability. Systematic investigations including material structure, energy band, temperature dependence, etc., are performed to explore the VO decoupling σ and S of VO‐Ti3C2Tx. This work provides a feasible strategy for the fabrication of high‐performance electronic MXene, such as thermoelectric energy harvesting.
Tradeoff between Mechanical Strength and Electrical Conductivity of MXene Films by Nacre‐Inspired Subtractive Manufacturing
Authors: Rong Chao , Su Ting , Chu Tianshu , Zhu Mingliang , Zhang Bowei , Xuan Fu‐Zhen 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTraditional strategies, by additive manufacturing, for integrating monolayer Ti3C2Tx nanosheets into macroscopic films with binders can effectively improve their mechanical strength, but the electrical conductivity is often sacrificed. Herein, inspired by the aligned nano‐compacted feature of nacre, a flexible subtractive manufacturing strategy is reported to squeeze the interlayer 2D spacings by removing the nanoconfined water and interface terminations, leading to the improvement of mechanical strength and stability of Ti3C2Tx layered films without sacrificing the electrical conductivity. After the vacuum annealing of Ti3C2Tx films at 300 °C (A300), the interlayer 2D spacing decreased ≈0.1 nm with the surface functional groups (═O, ─OH, ─F) and interlayer water molecules greatly removed. The tensile strength (95.59 MPa) and Young's modulus (9.59 GPa) of A300 are ≈3 and ≈2 times improved, respectively. Moreover, the A300 films maintain a metallic electrical conductivity (2276 S cm−1) and show greatly enhanced stability. Compared to the original films, the mechanical strength of the A300 films is enhanced by increasing the interlayer friction and energy dissipation with the decrease of interlayer 2D spacings. This work provides a new way for engineering the self‐assembled films with more functions for broad applications.