bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of interleukin‐6 receptor directly blocks osteoclast formation in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Axmann Roland , Böhm Christina , Krönke Gerhard , Zwerina Jochen , Smolen Josef , Schett Georg 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of a murine anti–interleukin‐6 receptor (anti–IL‐6R) antibody in directly blocking tumor necrosis factor (TNF)– and RANKL‐mediated osteoclastogenesis in vitro and in vivo.MethodsThe efficacy of a murine antibody against IL‐6R in blocking osteoclast differentiation of mononuclear cells stimulated with RANKL was tested. In addition, arthritic human TNFα–transgenic mice were treated with anti–IL‐6R antibody, and osteoclast formation and bone erosion were assessed in arthritic paws.ResultsBlockade of IL‐6R dose dependently reduced osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption in monocyte cultures stimulated with RANKL or RANKL plus TNF. In human TNFα–transgenic mice, IL‐6R blockade did not inhibit joint inflammation, but it strongly reduced osteoclast formation in inflamed joints as well as bone erosion in vivo. Neither the cell influx into joints nor the synovial expression of IL‐6 and RANKL changed with IL‐6R blockade, while the synovial expression of IL‐1 was significantly reduced. In contrast, TNF‐mediated systemic bone loss was not inhibited by IL‐6R blockade.ConclusionThese data suggest that blockade of IL‐6R directly affects osteoclast formation in vitro and in vivo, suggesting a direct and specific effect of anti–IL‐6R therapy on osteoclasts independently of its antiinflammatory effects. This effect adds significantly to the structure‐sparing potential of pharmacologic blockade of IL‐6R in arthritis.
Loss of β1 integrin in mouse fibroblasts results in resistance to skin scleroderma in a mouse model
Authors: Liu Shangxi , Kapoor Mohit , Denton Christopher P. , Abraham David J. , Leask Andrew 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectiveActivated adhesive signaling is a hallmark of fibroblasts isolated from the scars of scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) lesions. Beta‐1 integrin plays a key role in adhesive signaling. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of β1 integrin in a mouse model of skin scleroderma using mice bearing a fibroblast‐specific deletion of β1 integrin.MethodsCutaneous sclerosis was induced by subcutaneous injection of bleomycin. Control groups were treated with phosphate buffered saline. Mice bearing a fibroblast‐specific deletion of β1 integrin and control mice were investigated. Dermal thickness, collagen production, and the number of α‐smooth muscle actin–positive cells were determined. The quantity of the collagen‐specific amino acid hydroxyproline was also measured.ResultsBleomycin treatment induced marked cutaneous thickening and fibrosis in control mice. Conversely, the deletion of β1 integrin resulted in resistance to bleomycin‐induced fibrosis.ConclusionExpression of β1 integrin by fibroblasts is required for fibrogenesis. Inhibition of β1 integrin may be a viable method to alleviate the development of cutaneous sclerosis.
SIRT1 regulation of apoptosis of human chondrocytes
Authors: Takayama Koji , Ishida Kazunari , Matsushita Takehiko , Fujita Norifumi , Hayashi Shinya , Sasaki Ken , Tei Katsumasa , Kubo Seiji , Matsumoto Tomoyuki , Fujioka Hiroyuki , Kurosaka Masahiro , Kuroda Ryosuke 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectiveSIRT1 is known to inhibit apoptosis and to promote survival of various types of cells. However, the roles of SIRT1 in apoptosis of human chondrocytes have never been reported. We undertook this study to investigate the relationship of SIRT1 to apoptosis of human chondrocytes, which is a characteristic feature of osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsThe expression of SIRT1 in human chondrocytes was examined by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting, and immunohistology of human cartilage samples. The expression of SIRT1 under catabolic, mechanical, and nutritional stresses was investigated by immunoblotting. To examine the effect of SIRT1 on apoptosis, SIRT1 was inhibited by small interfering RNA (siRNA) and activated by resveratrol during nitric oxide (NO)–induced apoptosis. TUNEL staining and immunoblotting of cleaved poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) were performed to detect apoptosis. To examine the mechanisms of apoptosis, we used immunoblotting to determine the levels of cleaved caspases and mitochondria‐related apoptotic signaling proteins, Bax and Bcl‐2, in the mitochondrial fraction.ResultsSIRT1 expression was confirmed in human chondrocytes and human cartilage samples. All catabolic, mechanical, and nutritional stresses inhibited SIRT1 expression. SIRT1 inhibition by siRNA for SIRT1 increased the percentage of TUNEL‐positive cells and increased the amounts of cleaved PARP and cleaved caspases 3 and 9 induced by NO. In contrast, treatment with resveratrol decreased the percentage of TUNEL‐positive cells and decreased the amounts of cleaved PARP and cleaved caspases 3 and 9 induced by NO. Furthermore, in the mitochondrial fraction, SIRT1 inhibition by siRNA for SIRT1 increased the amount of Bax but reduced the amount of Bcl‐2, while resveratrol reduced the amount of Bax but increased the amount of Bcl‐2.ConclusionThese results indicate that SIRT1 regulates apoptosis in human chondrocytes through the modulation of mitochondria‐related apoptotic signals. Further research on SIRT1 might contribute to resolving the pathogenesis of OA.
Study on the resonance Rayleigh scattering and resonance non‐linear scattering spectra of ion‐association complexes of [PdI4]2−‐protein systems and their analytical applications
Authors: Luo Jia‐Gang , Liu Zhong‐Fang , Kong Ling , Hu Xiao‐Li , Liu Shao‐Pu 
Published: August 2009

AbstractIn an acid medium solution, proteins such as bovine serum albumin, human serum albumin, ovalbumin, hemoglobin, lysozyme,γ‐globulin,α‐chymotrypsin and papain could react with [PdI4]2−by virtue of electrostatic attraction and hydrophobic force to form ion‐association complexes. As a result, the resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) and resonance nonlinear scattering such as second‐order scattering (SOS) and frequency doubling scattering (FDS) intensities were enhanced greatly and new scattering spectra appeared. The maximum scattering peaks of RRS, SOS and FDS were at 367, 720 and 370 nm, respectively. The enhanced RRS, SOS and FDS intensities were directly proportional to the concentrations of proteins. The detection limits for the different proteins were 2.4–11.8 ng/mL for RRS method, 9.5–47.9 ng/mL for SOS method and 4.6–18.5 ng/mL for FDS method. In this work, the influences of the interaction of [PdI4]2−with proteins on spectral characteristics of RRS, SOS and FDS were investigated and the optimum conditions were tested. Meanwhile, the effects of coexisting substances were tested and the results showed that the method exhibited a good selectivity. Based on the above research, a highly sensitive, simple and rapid method for the determination of trace amounts of proteins by resonance light scattering technique has been developed. It can be applied to the determination of proteins in tablet, human serum and urine samples. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electrochemiluminescence of an electrocatalytic action of etimicin on Tris(2,2′‐bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) immobilized in Nafion modified carbon paste electrode
Authors: Zhuang Yafeng , Zhang Jintao 
Published: August 2009

AbstractA sensitive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection of etimicin at Tris(2,2′‐bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) [Ru(bpy)32+]–Nafion modified carbon paste electrodes was developed. The immobilized Ru(bpy)32+ shows good electrochemical and photochemical activities. Electrochemical and electrochemiluminescence characterizations of the modified carbon electrodes were made by means of cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impendence spectroscopy. The modified electrode showed an electrocatalytic response to the oxidation of etimicin, producing a sensitized ECL signal. The ECL sensor showed a linear response to etimicin in the range of 8.0–160.0 ng mL−1 with a detection limit of 6.7 ng mL−1. This method for etimicin determination possessed good sensitivity and reproducibility with a coefficient of variation of 5.1% (n = 7) at 100 ng mL−1. The ECL sensor showed good selectivity and long‐term stability. Its surface could be renewed quickly and reproducibly by a simple polish step. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Significant improvement in photoluminescence of ZnSe(S) alloyed quantum dots prepared in high pH solution
Authors: Zan Feng , Ren Jicun 
Published: August 2009

AbstractIn this paper, we described a simple approach for aqueous synthesis of highly luminescent ZnSe(S) alloyed quantum dots (QDs) in the presence of 3‐mercaptopropionic acid as stabilizers using zinc chloride and NaHSe as precursors. The synthesis conditions were systematically investigated. We observed that the pH value of the Zn precursor solution had significant influence on the optical properties and the structure of the as‐prepared ZnSe(S) QDs. The optimal pH value and molar ratio of Zn2+ to HSe− were 12.0 and 25 : 1 respectively. Under the optimal conditions, we prepared highly photoluminescent ZnSe(S) QDs at up to 31% quantum yield (compared with Rhodamine 6G). The characterization of HRTEM and XRD showed that the ZnSe(S) QDs had good monodispersity and nice crystal structure. The fluorescence life time spectra demonstrated that ZnSe(S) QDs had a long lifetime in contrast to fluorescent dyes. Compared with the currently used organometallic approach, our method was ‘green’, the reaction condition was mild and the as‐prepared ZnSe(S) QDs were water‐soluble. More importantly, our method was low cost, and was very suitable for large‐scale synthesis of highly luminescent ZnSe(S) QDs for the future applications. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
IgLON cell adhesion molecules regulate synaptogenesis in hippocampal neurons
Authors: Hashimoto Takashi , Maekawa Shohei , Miyata Seiji 
Published: August 2009

AbstractIgLON cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily comprise of LAMP, neurotrimin (Ntm), OBCAM, and Kilon. In the present study, we performed the single and double transfection of IgLON gene constructs into hippocampal neurons in vitro and evaluated synaptic number. The quantitative analysis showed that the single over‐expression of LAMP or OBCAM increased synaptic number, while the over‐expression of Kilon reduced synaptic number and Ntm had no effects. The double over‐expression of Kilon‐Ntm, Kilon‐OBCAM, LAMP‐Ntm, and Ntm‐OBCAM decreased synaptic number and that of Kilon‐LAMP and LAMP‐OBCAM had no effect. These results suggest that IgLON CAMs participate in regulating synapse formation in hippocampal neurons. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemical Approaches to DNA Nanotechnology
Authors: Endo Masayuki , Sugiyama Hiroshi 
Published: August 2009

AbstractDue to its self‐assembling nature, DNA is undoubtedly an excellent molecule for the creation of various multidimensional nanostructures and the placement of functional molecules and materials. DNA molecules behave according to the programs of their sequences. Mixtures of numbers of DNA molecules can be placed precisely and organized into single structures to form nanoarchitectures. Once the appropriate sequences for the target nanostructure are established, the predesigned structure can be built up by self‐assembly of the designed DNA strands. DNA nanotechnology has already reached the stage at which the organization of desired functional molecules and nanomaterials can be programmed on a defined DNA scaffold. In this review, we will focus on DNA nanotechnology and describe the potential of synthetic chemistry to contribute to the further development of DNA nanomaterials.
IS it useful to induce a hypnotic trance? a hypnotherapist's view on recent neuroimaging results
Authors: Peter Burkhard 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe effectiveness of hypnosis and hypnotherapy has been proved in several fields of psychotherapy. An attempt will be made to explain this effectiveness. Three theses will be discussed and illustrated with relevant data from neurosciences: (1) hypnotic trance is essential to experiencing an ‘alternative reality’; (2) involuntariness is important to induce the feeling that one is hypnotized; (3) hypnotic phenomena are similar to psychopathological symptoms, the difference between the two, however, is crucial. New data from PET‐ und fMRI‐research on brain activity during hypnosis support this. The consequences for the application of hypnosis in psychotherapeutic practice are discussed. The role of hypnosis is emphasized. Copyright © 2009 British Society of Experimental & Clinical Hypnosis. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hypnosis: state of the art and perspectives for the twenty‐first century
Authors: Mende Matthias 
Published: August 2009

AbstractIn this presidential lecture research evidence is addressed for the effectiveness of clinical hypnosis as a psychotherapeutic and medical healing method. The state of the art is characterized by meta‐analyses indicating the usefulness and effectiveness of clinical hypnosis and by neuroimaging data indicating hypnotic trance exists as a separate state of consciousness. Hypnosis research can profit from mainstream psychological research as well as inspire it by putting the research focus on the underlying processes of communication, rapport, attention and perception. In future developments, hypnosis is also seen as the home‐base for research and the therapeutic usage of suggestions. A new paradigm for pharmaceutical research is envisioned in which efforts to maximize substance‐effects by proper suggestive communication are to be enhanced, once the effectiveness of the medical drug has been demonstrated. Copyright © 2009 British Society of Experimental & Clinical Hypnosis. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bright, NIR‐Emitting Au23 from Au25: Characterization and Applications Including Biolabeling
Authors: Muhammed Madathumpady Abubaker Habeeb , Verma Pramod Kumar , Pal Samir Kumar , Kumar R. C. Arun , Paul Soumya , Omkumar Ramakrishnapillai Vyomakesannair , Pradeep Thalappil 
Published: August 2009

AbstractA novel interfacial route has been developed for the synthesis of a bright‐red‐emitting new subnanocluster, Au23, by the core etching of a widely explored and more stable cluster, Au25SG18 (in which SG is glutathione thiolate). A slight modification of this procedure results in the formation of two other known subnanoclusters, Au22 and Au33. Whereas Au22 and Au23 are water soluble and brightly fluorescent with quantum yields of 2.5 and 1.3 %, respectively, Au33 is organic soluble and less fluorescent, with a quantum yield of 0.1 %. Au23 exhibits quenching of fluorescence selectively in the presence of Cu2+ ions and it can therefore be used as a metal‐ion sensor. Aqueous‐ to organic‐phase transfer of Au23 has been carried out with fluorescence enhancement. Solvent dependency on the fluorescence of Au23 before and after phase transfer has been studied extensively and the quantum yield of the cluster varies with the solvent used. The temperature response of Au23 emission has been demonstrated. The inherent fluorescence of Au23 was used for imaging human hepatoma cells by employing the avidin–biotin interaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Ab initio Study of the Geometry, Stability, and Aromaticity of the Cyclic S2N+3 Cation Isomers and Their Isoelectronic Analogues.
Authors: Zhang Guo‐Hua , Zhao Yong‐Fang , Wu Judy I. , v. R. Schleyer Paul 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Spectroscopic and Vanadium K‐Edge EXAFS Studies on VO2Cl and the Crystal Structure of [{Cl2VO(O2PCl2) (POCl3)}2].
Authors: Hector Andrew L. , Jura Marek , Levason William , Reid Gillian , Webster Michael 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Crystal Structure of δ‐VOPO4 and Its Relationship to ω‐VOPO4.
Authors: Girgsdies Frank , Schneider Matthias , Brueckner Angelika , Ressler Thorsten , Schloegl Robert 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐ and Low‐Temperature Modifications of Sc3RuC4 and Sc3OsC4 — Relativistic Effects, Structure, and Chemical Bonding.
Authors: Vogt Christian , Hoffmann Rolf‐Dieter , Rodewald Ute Ch. , Eickerling Georg , Presnitz Manuel , Eyert Volker , Scherer Wolfgang , Poettgen Rainer 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure Determination of La18W10O57.
Authors: Chambrier Marie‐Helene , Le Bail Armel , Kodjikian Stephanie , Suard Emmanuelle , Goutenoire Francois 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cd13‐xInySb10 (x ≈ 2.7, y ≈ 1.5): An Interstitial‐Free Variant of Thermoelectric β‐Zn4Sb3.
Authors: Tengaa Andreas , Lidin Sven , Belieres Jean‐Philippe , Newman Nathan , Wu Yang , Haeussermann Ulrich 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Hopping Conductivity of Distorted K2NiF4‐Type (Ca1+xNd1‐x)CrO4.
Authors: Taguchi Hideki , Hirata Kazuhiro , Kido Hiroyasu , Takeda Yasuo , Kato Masaki , Hirota Ken 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Na—Si Binary Phase Diagram and Solution Growth of Silicon Crystals.
Authors: Morito H. , Yamada T. , Ikeda T. , Yamane H. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Designed Synthesis of Coaxial SnO2@carbon Hollow Nanospheres for Highly Reversible Lithium Storage.
Authors: Lou Xiong Wen , Li Chang Ming , Archer Lynden A. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbon Combustion Synthesis of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 and Its Use as a Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries.
Authors: Zhang Li , Lv Xiaoyan , Wen Yanxuan , Wang Fan , Su Haifeng 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: KMBP2O8 (M: Sr, Ba): A New Kind of Noncentrosymmetry Borophosphate with the Three‐Dimensional Diamond‐Like Framework.
Authors: Zhao Dan , Cheng Wen‐Dan , Zhang Hao , Huang Shu‐Ping , Xie Zhi , Zhang Wei‐Long , Yang Song‐Lin 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Supramolecular Assembly Based on Triple‐Dawson‐Type Polyoxometalate and 3d‐4f Heterometallic Cluster.
Authors: Li Yun‐Wu , Li Yang‐Guang , Wang Yong‐Hui , Feng Xiao‐Jia , Lu Ying , Wang En‐Bo 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Oxidations of Electron‐Poor Alkenes Promoted by the β‐Amino Alcohol/TBHP System.
Authors: Russo Alessio , Lattanzi Alessandra 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Homoproline Analogues Containing Heterocyclic Rings and Their Activity as Organocatalysts for Michael Reaction.
Authors: Barbayianni Efrosini , Bouzi Paola , Constantinou‐Kokotou Violetta , Ragoussis Valentine , Kokotos George 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Synthesis of Novel Bis(hydrazone) and Bis(indole) Derivatives.
Authors: Kheder Nabila A. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient System for Reduction of Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives to Alcohols by HfCl4/KBH4.
Authors: Zhang Jianghua , Gao Xinqin , Zhang Chengyi , Ma Jianfei , Zhao Defeng 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.