bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A REVISION OF THE NEW WORLD SPECIES OF LEPTOTELEIA KIEFFER (HYMENOPTERA: SCELIONIDAE), EGG PARASITES OF CRICKETS
Authors: Masner Lubomir 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe genus Leptoteleia of the New World is revised. Twenty-five species are recognized, of which 23 are new to science: L. alexandrae ♀ (Brazil), L. americana ♀ ♂ (USA), L. andreai ♀ (Cuba), L. annarum ♀ (Brazil), L. ferdinandi ♀ (Dominican Republic), L. jarmilae ♀ (Ecuador), L. josephi ♀ (Dominican Republic), L. kareli ♂ (Jamaica), L. lubomiri ♀ ♂ (Dominican Republic), L. majkae ♀ (Panama), L. marcelae ♀ ♂ (Brazil, Paraguay), L. mariae♀ ♂ (Argentina), L. marketae ♀ (Brazil), L. martae ♀ (USA), L. miladae ♀ ♂ (Brazil), L. monicae ♀ (Dominican Republic), L. normani ♀ ♂ (USA), L. petrum ♀ (Bélize), L. radeki ♀ (Dominican Republic), L. stani ♀ ♂ (Dominican Republic), L. vaclavi ♀ (USA), L. verae ♀ (Brazil), and L. zdenae ♀ ♂ (Peru). The two previously described species, L. oecanthi (Riley) ♀ ♂ and L. arndti Dozier ♀, are redescribed. Generic diagnosis of Leptoteleia and the key to New World species are given. The higher classification, interrelationships, and distribution of Leptoteleia species are discussed.
MATING COMPETITIVENESS OF IRRADIATED MALES AND FEMALES OF THE INDIAN MEAL MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)
Authors: Brower John H. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractOne-day-old adults of the Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner), were irradiated (I) with either 35 krad (a partially sterilizing dose) or 50 krad (a sterilizing dose) and combined with untreated (U) adults at numbers of 1, 5, 10, 15, or 25 treated males or females per pair of untreated adults. At 25 males per pair, egg hatch was reduced to 4.8 and 22.2% at 35 and 50 krad, respectively. The use of the same number of I females reduced egg hatch to 0.8 and 9.4%, respectively. The calculated degree of competitiveness showed that both males and females were more competitive after treatment with 35 krad than after treatment with 50 krad and that treated females were more competitive (based on percentage egg hatch) at both doses than corresponding males. Irradiated females were fully competitive at most release ratios, but I males were not fully competitive even at the higher release ratios, although the decreases were not large enough to seriously affect their use for field control.
GENERIC REVISIONS OF MAYFLY NYMPHS: II. THRAULODES IN NORTH AND CENTRAL AMERICA (LEPTOPHLEBIIDAE)
Authors: Allen Richard K. , Brusca Richard C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe 26 North and Central American species of Thraulodes are discussed, and synonymies and other pertinent data are presented for all species. On the basis of nymphal gill characters two groups of related species are recognized. Thraulodes brunneus, T. speciosus, T. sp. A, T. sp. B, and T. sp. G are included in the brunneus-group, and T. gonzalesi, T. lunatus, T. packeri, T. salinus. T. zonalis, T. sp. C, T. sp. D. T. sp. E, and T. sp. F form the gonzalesi-group, The 14 species of nymphs are included in an illustrated key and on distribution maps, and the account of each includes complete synonymy, nymphal description, and collection records. Nymphs designated as Thraulodes spp. A, B, C, D, E, F, and G are described, and new descriptions are presented for nymphs of T. packeri and T. zonalis.
XENOBORUS REUTER (1908): A NEW SYNONYM OF TROPIDOSTEPTES UHLER (1878), WITH DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES (HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE)
Authors: Kelton Leonard A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractXenoborus Reuter is synonymized with Tropidosteptes Uhler. Tropidosteptes brooksi n. sp. is described from Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, and Quebec. The species was collected on Fraxinus spp.
A METHOD OF DETECTING OVIPOSITION IN EUROPEAN CORN BORER MOTHS, OSTRINIA NUBILALIS (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE), AND ITS RELATION TO SUBSEQUENT LARVAL DAMAGE TO PEPPERS
Authors: Elliott W.M. , McClanahan R.J. , Founk J. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe formation of a yellow band inside the stalk of each ovariole was a good indicator that a female European corn borer had laid eggs. The absence of these bands was less reliable as an indicator that no eggs had been laid, probably due to the time taken for the bands to form. The numbers of moths accumulating in a light trap over a week at Harrow, Ontario, and the numbers of females estimated to have laid eggs correlated significantly with the numbers of larvae developing in nearby green pepper plots 3, 4, and 5 weeks later during second generation flights. This enabled linear equations for forecasting pepper damage to be developed, in which the dissection data was more useful than the total moth catch alone.
A NEW SPECIES RELATED TO THE GARDEN WEBWORM, WITH A KEY TO AMERICAN MEMBERS OF THE GENUS ACHYRA GUENÉE (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE: PYRAUSTINAE)
Authors: Munroe Eugene 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAchyra llaguenalis n. sp., from western Peru, is described. Its relationships are briefly discussed and a key is given to known American species of the genus.
SOME FACTORS INFLUENCING PHEROMONE TRAP CATCHES OF THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER, OSTRINIA NUBILALIS (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)
Authors: McLeod D. G. R. , Starratt A. N. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA study was made of the reason for the fairly rapid loss of attractancy of pheromone traps for the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner). This loss in attractancy appeared to be attributable mainly to formation of an inhibitory or repellent substance(s). Although traps with a suspended pheromone dispenser were significantly more attractive than traps with the dispenser placed in contact with the adhesive, they still became relatively unattractive to male corn borers within approximately 1 week.
POPULATION CYCLES OF THE DOUGLAS-FIR TUSSOCK MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA: LYMANTRIIDAE): THE TIME-DELAY HYPOTHESIS
Authors: Berryman Alan A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA simple population model is used to test the hypothesis that Douglas-fir tussock moth population cycles are caused by time-delays in the responses of density-dependent (negative feedback) processes. The limited data that are available do not seriously conflict with this hypothesis.
PHYSIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE EXPERIMENTAL REMOVAL OF THE CHORION (MATERNAL CUTICLE) FROM NEW LAID EGGS OF THE HOUSE CRICKET,ACHETA DOMESTICUS(ORTHOPTERA: GRYLLIDAE)
Authors: McFarlane J. E. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWhen new laid eggs of the house cricket are treated with a potassium biphthalate buffer (0.05 M) at pH 4.01 for 1 h, followed by a Na2CO3solution at pH 11.0 for 22 h at room temperature, the chorion lifts off the surface of the egg; by cutting off the end of the stretched chorion, the dechorionated egg may be pushed out of the shell. Dechorionated eggs behave in a different manner towards sucrose and salt solutions than do intact eggs. These and other experimental results are discussed in relation to the physiology of water absorption.
EFFECT OF AN INSECT GROWTH REGULATOR ON NON-TARGET ARTHROPODS IN AN AERIAL APPLICATION AGAINST THE SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), IN NEW BRUNSWICK, CANADA
Authors: Sechser B. , Varty I. W. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAirplane application of the insect growth regulator CGA 13353, a juvenile hormone mimic used experimentally against spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), did not drastically reduce percentage parasitism in field samples of that host, but there was some evidence of susceptibility. Exploratory sampling of maple defoliators suggested that one species and its parasitoids suffered some mortality, but another species and its parasitoids did not. The treatment did not influence the viability of ant colonies.
A NEW GENUS OF CONIFEROPHAGOUS TORTRICIDAE, AND TWO NEW SPECIES (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)
Authors: Mutuura Akira 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe new genus Archepandemis, with type-species Parapandemis borealis Freeman, 1965, is described. Two new species, A. coniferana from British Columbia and Alberta and A. morrisana from New Brunswick, are distinguished from A. borealis by characters of maculation and especially of male and female genitalia.
PARTICULATE FORMULATIONS OF ABATE® AND METHOXYCHLOR AS BLACK FLY LARVICIDES: THEIR SELECTIVE EFFECTS ON STREAM FAUNA
Authors: Helson B. V. , West A. S. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractSeveral streams near Baie Comeau, Quebec were treated with a particulate formulation of methoxychlor (particle size 8–15 μ) or Abate® (particle size 2.5–20 μ) at a dosage of 0.1 ppm for 15 min to determine if such a formulation is effective against and selective for black fly larvae. The effects of these larvicides were evaluated by sampling the stream fauna before and after treatment with cones, Surber samplers, drift nets, and rock sampling. A new caging device, the entrapment sampler, was used to assess mortality directly.Both larvicides were effective against Simuliidae. Neither particulate insecticide was completely selective for black fly larvae, since philopotamid larvae and some chironomid larvae were also killed. Although some other detritus-feeding insects also were affected, numerous families of insects including potential predators of Simuliidae were not affected appreciably by these particulate larvicides. Particulate Abate affected a few more families of insects than particulate methoxychlor. The comparative effects of these formulations and the corresponding liquid formulations on stream fauna are discussed. Particulate formulations are a promising alternative to the present formulations used for black fly larviciding, and further research on their safety and performance and on methods of aerial application is recommended.
ESTIMATED EGG DEPOSITION BY INVADING SPRUCE BUDWORM MOTHS (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)
Authors: Miller C. A. , Greenbank D. O. , Kettela E. G. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA 4000-ha block of spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), infested forest in western New Brunswick was sprayed repeatedly in 1975 during the larval stage of budworm development. The objective was to reduce the population of the 1975 generation to a minimum level so that most of the following generation eggs found on the block could be attributed to invading females, thus providing data on the impact of moth invasion.The presence of dispersing adults in the airspace over the block was monitored by a ground-based radar unit while light traps and pheromone-baited traps were used to confirm that invasion had taken place. A total egg population of 33.8 masses per m2 of foliage was found on the block and indirect estimates suggest that invading females deposited about 10 of these masses.
EPICORSIA HÜBNER AND ALLIED NEOTROPICAL GENERA: SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES AND DESCRIPTIONS (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE: PYRAUSTINAE)
Authors: Munroe Eugene 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe following new taxa are described: Neoepicorsia fuscalis n. sp., Peru; Epicorsia chicalis n. sp., British Honduras; Protepicorsia quincemila n. sp., Peru; P. sordida n. sp., Bolivia; Ceuthobotys n. gen., type-species C. penai n. sp., Peru; Adoxobotys n. gen., type-species A. cacida (Dyar), n. comb., described in Pionea, also including A. discordalis (Dyar), n. comb., likewise described in Pionea, and A. cristobalis n. sp., Mexico; Hahncappsia suarezalis n. sp., Bolivia.Pyrausta furvulalis n.n. is proposed to replace P. furvalis Hampson, 1913, nee Eversmann, 1842. P. furvulalis belongs in Neoepicorsia, becoming Neoepicorsia furvulalis (Munroe), n. comb.Noorda flavidalis Hampson and Psara melanosoma Hampson are transferred to Protepicorsia, forming new combinations. P. melanosoma is sunk as a new synonym of P. flavidalis. P. flavidalis and the closely related P. sordida are the first reported mimetic Protepicorsia.Phlyctaenia praxitalis Druce, Botys lautalis Lederer, and Boeotarcha fallalis Schaus are transferred to Hahncappsia as new combinations. H. fallalis is sunk as a new synonym of H. lautalis.Lectotypes are designated for Psara melanosoma Hampson and Phlyctaenia praxitalis Druce.The new and transferred taxa are characterized, differentiated, and illustrated.
REVISION OF THE SUBGENUS ACHRYSOCHARELLA GIRAULT OF AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO (CHALCIDOIDEA, EULOPHIDAE: CHRYSONOTOMYIA ASHMEAD)
Authors: Yoshemoto Carl M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChrysonotomyia (Achrysocharella) is represented in North America by three species groups. The formosa group includes damastes (Walker), formosa (Westwood), and ovulorum (Ratzeburg); the punctiventris group includes punctiventris (Crawford), gracillariae n. sp., hyphantriae n. sp., and borealis n. sp.; and the diastatae group includes diastatae (Howard). Keys, descriptions, host records, and comparison of the subgenera Achrysocharella Girault and Chrysonotomyia Ashmead are included. New synonymies and new combinations of names representing material incorrectly placed under Achrysocharella are also included.
COMPARISONS OF NESTING MATERIALS USED FOR THE ALFALFA LEAFCUTTER BEE, MEGACHILE PACIFICA (HYMENOPTERA: MEGACHILIDAE)
Authors: Richards K. W. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractNesting materials for use by the alfalfa leafcutter bee (Megachile pacifica Panzer) were compared. When all experimental designs were combined, the leafcutter bees nesting in grooved solid woods, such as pine and fir plywood, and in the polymers, styrofoam and polystyrene, produced a greater percentage of viable cells (i.e., cocoons) than those nesting in drilled boards, soda straws, K3 particle board, aluminum, or corrugated paper. Pine and polystyrene are the only nesting materials now used commercially in Western Canada and chalcidoid parasites occur in low numbers in them because the hives are made precisely. Cells can be mechanically removed from laminated grooved nesting boards so that a loose-cell system of bee management is feasible. Although more expensive initially, these boards are competitive with other nesting materials as they can be reused.
DAMAGE POTENTIAL OF THE SWEETCLOVER WEEVIL, SITONA CYLINDRICOLLIS (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE), IN THE CANADIAN PRAIRIES
Authors: Craig C. H. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAdults of the sweetclover weevil, Sitona cylindricollis Fähr., injure seedling, vegetative, and yearling sweet clover, Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. In field cage tests an infestation of 1 weevil: 7 seedlings at the cotyledon stage destroyed less than 5%, and an infestation of 1 weevil: 1 seedling destroyed 100% of the seedlings. Significant reduction of seedlings was caused by infestations of I weevil: 3 or 5 seedlings depending upon growing conditions. An infestation of 4.5 to 9 weevils per emergent second-year plant caused a significant reduction, and an infestation of 18 weevils per plant caused almost total destruction of second-year forage yield. In the Canadian mid-west, weevil populations seldom exceed these minimum threshold values, therefore the weevil should not be considered a deterrent to either stand establishment or to stand retention in the second year. Defoliation of vegetative clover by weevils at the beginning of and mid-way through the critical period, which extends from 15 August to 20 September, caused a 50% loss of second-year forage yield. Because of cultural practices associated with sweet clover production in western Canada this may be the most severe type of injury wrought by the weevil.
EFFECT OF INSECTICIDES ON THE PEA APHID, ACYRTHOSIPHON PISUM (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE), AND ASSOCIATED FAUNA ON ALFALFA
Authors: Harper A. M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractFour insecticides effectively controlled the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), but differed in their effects on other pest species and on predators. Two days after treatment, methidathion, dimethoate, and malathion reduced populations of all the pest species, but pirimicarb gave no control of the weevils Hypera postica (Gyllenhal) and Sitona scissifrons Say. Methidathion reduced populations of all predators, dimethoate reduced populations of all predators except Aeolothrips fasciatus (Linnaeus), and malathion reduced populations of all the predators except Nabis alternates Parshley. Pirimicarb reduced only the populations of syrphids. Of the insecticides tested, methidathion was the most disruptive to predators and pirimicarb the least.
CONTACT TOXICITY OF 34 INSECTICIDES TO SECOND-STAGE NYMPHS OF LEPTOGLOSSUS CORCULUS (HEMIPTERA: COREIDAE)
Authors: DeBarr Gary L. , Nord John C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractSecond-stage nymphs of the leaffooted pine seedbug, Leptoglossus corculus (Say), were highly susceptible to most of 34 topically applied insecticides, twenty-six chemicals ad Ld50 values of less than 5 μg/g of body weight. Nine insecticides — aldicarb, aminocarb, azinphosmethyl, carbofuran, dicrotophos, FMC 45498 ((−)-(Cyano) (3-phenoxyphenyl)-methyl (+)-cis-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate), monocrotophos, propoxur, and SD 43775 (Cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl-4-chloro-alpha-(1-methylethyl)benzeneacetate) — had LD90 values of less than 1 μg/g of body weight. There was good agreement between the relative toxicities of insecticides applied topically to the leaffooted pine seedbug in these laboratory tests and the effectiveness of several insecticides previously tested in the field.
TIP DAMAGE AS AN INDEX OF NANTUCKET PINE TIP MOTH POPULATION DENSITY (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)
Authors: Stephen F. M. , Wallis G. W. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIn order to establish a functional relationship between damaged pine tips apparently infested with Nantucket pine tip moth, Rhyacionia frustrana (Comstock), and within-tip larval and pupal population, X-ray techniques were used to determine numbers of actually infested tips and the numbers of tip moth immatures contained therein. Linear relationships existed between these variables and changes in tip moth density. The effect of different plantations, tip moth generations, season, and tree age did not significantly alter the observed relationships. Approximately 40% of the damaged (i.e. apparently infested) tips were actually infested, and these tips contained an average of 1.4 tip moth immatures per tip. The equation Y = −.509 +.57X estimates the number of tip moth immatures, given the number of apparently damaged tips per tree (r2 =.71).
DESCRIPTIONS AND OBSERVATIONS ON HOST ASSOCIATIONS OF SOME LARVAL ARRENUROIDEA (PROSTIGMATA: PARASITENGONA), WITH COMMENTS ON PHYLOGENY IN THE SUPERFAMILY
Authors: Smith Ian M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractLarvae of 13 species representing eight genera and seven families of Arrenuroidea are described, including those of Momonia marciae Habeeb, Midea expansa Marshall, Midea alaris Young (? = M. determina Marshall), Laversia berulophila Cook, Mideopsis (s.s.) crassipes Soar, Mideopsis (s.s.) borealis Habeeb, Mideopsis (s.s.) marshallae Cook, and Mideopsis (Xystonotus) aspera (Wolcott) for the first time. Diagnoses and keys are provided for the genera, subgenera, and species groups involved. Information on host associations is given for each species. Observations on morphology and host associations of these larvae provide the basis for an original, though preliminary, outline of phylogeny in the superfamily.
TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT MODEL FOR PREDICTING FIELD POPULATIONS OF GREEN PEACH APHID, MYZUS PERSICAE (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE)
Authors: Whalon Mark E. , Smilowitz Zane 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA temperature-dependent model for predicting green peach aphid population development in potato fields was devised and tested. A laboratory estimate of generation time was utilized to derive expected generation number from field accumulated degree days (1975–77). Different aphid populations were produced in replicated field plots (1975–77) with various application rates of the systemic insecticide, aldicarb. Density data from these plots were regressed on the expected number of generations to derive prediction equations. These equations were coupled in a Fortran computer program with a degree day algorithm. Weather forecasts, therefore, provide input for future aphid population predictions. The model is being used to evaluate various control strategies and to decide on spray dates from weather forecasts.
A STEPWISE COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR ESTIMATING DEVELOPMENT TIME AND SURVIVAL OF AEDES VEXANS (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) LARVAE AND PUPAE IN FIELD POPULATIONS IN SOUTHERN ALBERTA
Authors: Slater J. D. , Pritchard G. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractGrowth and survival rates for larvae and pupae of Aedes vexans (Meigen) were measured in the laboratory at constant temperatures of 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, and 30 °C. Growth rates in all stages increased with temperature except for 1st stage larvae which developed marginally faster at 25°C than at 30°C. The shortest stage at all temperatures was the 2nd, followed in most cases by the 3rd, 1st, and 4th larval stages, and then pupae; pupae and 4th stage larvae took markedly longer to develop at low temperatures. Average survival rate was about 99% every 3 h for larvae and 98% for pupae. At 10° and 15°C, 1st and 2nd stage larvae survived no better than later stages, but at the higher temperatures survival to the 3rd stage larva was better than 90% but decreased markedly in the 3rd and 4th stages. Overall survival was highest at 25°C. Mosquitoes reared at 10°C did not pupate, while those reared at 30 °C pupated but adults did not emerge.These laboratory data were used in a computer program whose output under field temperature regimes was compared with events in the field. The program works in 3 h time-steps. Rate of development varies with temperature and utilizes a modification of the algorithm of Stinner et al. (1975); the modification removes time as the independent variable in the development equation. Mortality rates are constant at 1% every 3 h for larvae and 2% for pupae. The program’s predictions for graduation from one stage to the next in the field population were all within about 13 h of the observed times and at the start of the pupal stage after 400 h, the output was running 13 h slow. The program appears to run slow at median temperatures below 10 °C and fast at median temperatures above 14°C. Events in the laboratory rearings are offered as possible explanations for these discrepancies. Predicted population size was close to that observed until the late 4th stage larva, from which point it deviated markedly. Pupal mortality in the field was much higher than in the laboratory.
HOST RESISTANCE TO THE FIR ENGRAVER BEETLE, SCOLYTUS VENTRALIS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE): 4. EFFECT OF DEFOLIATION ON WOUND MONOTERPENE AND INNER BARK CARBOHYDRATE CONCENTRATIONS
Authors: Wright L. C. , Berryman A. A. , Gurusiddaiah S. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractMonoterpene production, inner bark carbohydrate concentrations, and fir engraver attacks on grand fir were monitored for 3 years following Douglas-fir tussock moth defoliation. Monoterpenes were reduced for 2 years following defoliation. Defoliation caused a reduction in total sugars the first year following defoliation and a reduction in starch the second year. Total sugars and the previous year’s starch concentrations were positively correlated with monoterpene production. The trees which produced the least amounts of monoterpenes were the ones successfully attacked by the fir engraver.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE MORTALITY OF LEAFMINERS ARGYRESTHIA THUIELLA AND PULICALVARIA THUJAELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: YPONOMEUTIDAE AND GELECHIIDAE) ON EASTERN WHITE CEDAR, IN ONTARIO
Authors: Bazinet N. L. , Sears M. K. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractMortality factors affecting populations of the leafminers Argyresthia thuiella (Pack.) and Pulicalvaria thujaella (Kft.), on eastern white cedar in the area of Guelph, Ontario were identified and summarized in life tables. During the two annual generations studied from 1975 to 1977, overwintering mortality varied widely. Winterkill increased from 6.8% to 62.9% for A. thuiella and from 8.1% to 54.6% for P. thujaella, from 1976 to 1977. Several parasitoids produced substantial mortality of each host species, but their effect may have been superseded by winterkill in 1977. Data indicate that both populations of leafminers increased from 1975 to 1976 but decreased substantially from 1976 to 1977.