bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct measurement of water movement in the zone of aeration
Authors: Nielsen D. R. , Corey J. C. 
Published: October 2011

A perusal of published papers dealing with the theory and technology of direct measurement of soil water movement in the zone of aeration indicates that several promising measurement methods have been developed but remain essentially untested. Only a relatively small number of investigators throughout the world have yet taken the opportunity to try these methods.Knowledge of the effects that events at the soil surface may have on the rate of water movement through the zone of aeration can be an important tool in managing the quality and quantity of groundwater through control of the recharging waters.
Project to test windmill generator
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The National Science Foundation and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration have announced an agreement for the design, building, and testing of an experimental 100‐kW wind turbine generator.The project, which is a part of the Wind Energy Conversion Systems research program of the NSF, will be implemented by NASA's Lewis Research Center at Cleveland, Ohio. The experimental system, equipped with a 125‐foot‐diameter rotor blade mounted atop a 125‐foot tower, will be erected and tested at the NASA Lewis Plum Brook test area at Sandusky, Ohio.
Icelanders' battle with dead volcano continues
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Of the twenty or so volcanoes that erupted in 1973, Eldfell volcano on Heimaey Island in Iceland was by far the most destructive. According to scientists of the U.S. Geological Survey, it also represents man's most successful attempt at volcanic control.The volcano was officially declared dead by Icelandic scientists on July 3, 1973. A year later the inhabitants are still laboring to uncover their farmlands and rebuild their homes. That there is so much left to salvage is thanks to the ingenuity of scientists who devised a technique to abate the lava flow as well as to the courage and determination of the islanders.
New mineral data nomenclature adopted
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

New definitions for such crucial terms as ‘reserves’ and ‘resources’ in minerals have been jointly adopted by the U.S. Bureau of Mines and the U.S. Geological Survey. The new definitions are more accurate than those they supersede in describing the estimated production potential of mineral deposits, including fuels.Because the Bureau of Mines and the USGS both collect important information about minerals, a common terminology is essential to evaluate the data for government planning. The classification system agreed upon is based on two key criteria: the extent of geological knowledge about the resource and the economic feasibility of its recovery. The new definitions are listed below.
Awards presented at Fifty‐Fifth Annual Meeting: Walter H. Bucher Medal to Maurice Ewing
Authors: Gilluly James 
Published: October 2011

Maurice Ewing was born in Texas in 1906. He had all his collegiate and university training at Rice University, where he received the doctorate in physics in 1931.He first taught at Pittsburgh and Lehigh Universities in the days when research grants were few, small, and hard to come by. He was able, though, to wangle some support for seismic profiling of the Coastal Plain, with fascinating but tantalizing results. What does the continental shelf look like?
Water percolation in the oceanic crust?
Authors: Lister C. R. B. 
Published: October 2011

There is growing evidence that water percolates throughout the crust at an oceanic spreading center. Perhaps it is time to think about how to use the deep ocean floor drill holes planned by the International Program for Ocean Drilling to test this hypothesis.Interpretations of heat flow data and of the surface sediment composition near mid‐ocean ridge crests are beginning to suggest that water percolates to substantial depths in the fresh oceanic crust. The heavy metal content of the uppermost sediment increases as the ridge crest is approached and peaks spectacularly if it is expressed as a ratio to alumina concentration [Piper, 1973]. The purpose of using alumina as the inorganic invariant is to remove the effect of dilution by biogenic carbonate and silica, for this introduces a large scatter into the absolute concentrations of inorganically deposited material.
The President's Page: Building for the future [Guest Editorial]
Authors: Spilhaus A. F. 
Published: October 2011

Penrose, Day, and Horton are names familiar to many earth scientists. Although they contributed actively to the earth sciences during their lifetimes, they are today perhaps better known for the work done in their names and through funds set aside by them. Penrose Place in Boulder, Colorado, is the site of the beautiful building housing the Geological Society of America; administered by the National Academy of Sciences the Arthur L. Day Fund provides for grants to individuals who are working for the advancement of study of the physics of the earth; the Horton Fund of AGU's section of Hydrology was first used to provide capital for starting Water Resources Research and is now used principally for small grants in support of research.Nonprofit organizations rely on gifts and bequests for acquiring capital to free them from a hand‐tomouth existence and to permit the establishment of innovative programs. Some programs, such as scholarships and research grants, require continuing funds; other programs, such as buildings, require substantial initial support, since they will not begin to pay back their costs for many years. A nonprofit scientific society may never build the financial reserves for such undertakings.
Satellite images of United States now available to public
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Virtually cloud‐free space images of all parts of the 48 conterminous United States have been taken by NASA's Earth Resources Technology Satellite (Erts 1) and are now available for public sale.Erts 1 was launched on July 23, 1972, and although it was designed to last only one year, it is still sending back picture images. Erts 2 is scheduled for launching in 1975.
Groundwater Association Annual Meeting plans
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The National Association of State Groundwater Officials (NASGO), a nonprofit organization of representatives of state government agencies substantially concerned with groundwater, will hold its annual meeting on October 21–23, 1974, in Boise, Idaho.The association lists the following purposes in its Articles of Association, adopted in 1973: to be informed of current trends and problems related to groundwater; to review and analyze methods and techniques used in studying groundwater problems; to analyze, propose, and influence relevant state and national legislation and policy; to develop coordinated plans of action to meet interstate and regional needs; to evaluate and propose policy and procedure with respect to land treatment and waste disposal; to examine relationships between local, state, and federal agencies concerned with groundwater and make recommendations, taking cognizance of the potential in advice and services offered by private individuals and institutions; to encourage utilization of groundwater reservoirs in the development and management of water resources.
Application of mathematical models in hydrology and water resources systems–Symposium and Workshops
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The International Association of the Hydrological Sciences, with the support of Unesco and the World Meteorological Organization, will convene a symposium and workshops on the Application of Mathematical Models in Hydrology and Water Resources Systems in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, from September 8 to 13, 1975. The meeting is being organized by the Czechoslovak National Committee for the International Hydrological Programme in cooperation with the IAHS.Attention will be focused on the practical application of deterministic, stochastic, and system models in hydrology; the gap between theory and practice in the modeling of catchment behavior and of water resources systems; and exploration of the relationship between catchment models and water resource system models.
EPA publishes field year reports
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

A 336‐page compendium of the first annual reports of investigators on ten IFYGL biological studies has been published by the Environmental Protection Agency. The studies are being performed under grants administered by that agency's Grosse Ile (Michigan) Laboratory.The First Annual Reports of the EPA IFYGL Projects is part of EPA's Ecological Research Studies Series (EPA 660/3‐73‐021, December 1973). It does not cover the lake chemistry program, which was conducted through the Rochester (New York) field office of EPA's Region 2.
IFYGL Symposium at AGU Meeting
Authors: Ragan R. 
Published: October 2011

A half‐day Symposium on the International Field Year for the Great Lakes was held as part of the hydrology and meteorology program of the Fifty‐Fifth Annual Meeting of the American Geophysical Union. Approximately 140 persons attended the symposium, which was organized as a joint United States–Canadian contribution to the International Hydrological Decade.The organizing committee consisted of T.L. Richards and E.J. Aubert, the Canadian and U.S. co‐chairmen of the Joint Management Team; H.S. Santeford of the U.S. IHD Secretariat; and E.L. Peck, chairman of the Committee on Precipitation, Section of Hydrology, AGU. The committee is to be congratulated for their organization and especially for ensuring that advance copies of the papers were available at the meeting.
Notes and commentary
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Advanced Concepts and Techniques in the Study of Snow and Ice Resources is the title of the 790‐page proceedings volume from the symposium of the same name held at Asilomar Conference Grounds, Monterey, California, in December 1973. The volume was published by the National Academy of Sciences in July 1974.The book contains the full text and illustrations of 70 of the 71 papers presented at the interdisciplinary symposium, organized under the 7 section topics of the meeting: Information Needs and Distinguishing Characteristics, Snow and Ice—Distinguishing Characteristics, Information Systems, Radar Techniques, Remote Sensing Techniques, Nuclear Techniques, and Miscellaneous Techniques.
Books: The marriage of Soil and Water, and Wrestling With Mother Nature
Authors: Evans D. D. , Schneider W. J. , Maddock Thomas , Gladwell J. S. 
Published: October 2011

Field Soil Moisture Regime, edited by R. Russell Taylor, Klaus W. Flack, and Howard M. Taylor. SSSA Special Publication 5, Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wis., 224 pp., 1973.This publication consists of the eleven papers presented at a symposium held on August 16, 1971, during the annual meetings of the Soil Science Society of America and the American Society of Agronomy. As the title implies, emphasis in each of the papers is on the quantitative or qualitative description of soil moisture regimes under field conditions. Certainly, no attempt was made to include all aspects of the subject, but the papers provide a broad spectrum of approaches and results and offer excellent bibliographies.
Processing and interpreting geophysical data: Symposium
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

An interassociation Symposium on Processing and Interpretation of Geophysical Data will be held at the Sixteenth General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, August 24–September 6, 1975, in Grenoble, France.The symposium is tentatively organized into three sessions: (1) assimilation/compression, quality evaluation, and representation or display of large quantities of data (emphasis on computer techniques); (2) techniques of spectral analysis, filtering/smoothing, and correlation; (3) data inversion; application of mathematical/computer techniques to physical problems.
USGS Earthquake Research Center solicits research proposals
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The U.S. Geological Survey is soliciting proposals for research grants/contracts under its Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program, with headquarters at the USGS National Center for Earthquake Research in Menlo Park, California.The general areas of interest are (a) evaluation and mapping of geologic hazards associated with earthquakes, (b) earthquake prediction research and implementation, (c) physics of crustal deformation and failure, and (d) ground motion prediction and related studies.
Symposium on Ozone for Water and Waste Water Treatment: Call for papers
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

A call for papers has been issued by the organizers of the Second International Symposium on Ozone for Water and Waste Water Treatment, to be held at the Sheraton Mount Royal Hotel in Montreal, May 11–14, 1975.In addition to papers on the major theme of the conference, contributions are solicited in other related fields of ozone technology, e.g., ozone generation, analytical chemistry of ozone, air treatment, industrial and municipal deodorizing, and atmospheric ozone studies.
AAAS announces Mass Media Intern Program
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The American Association for the Advancement of Science announces a program supporting up to 10 outstanding advanced graduate students in the social and natural sciences as intern reporters, researchers, or production assistants in a variety of media for the summer of 1975. In a few exceptional cases junior, senior, or postdoctoral candidates will be considered.Candidates who can present convincing reasons for extending their interships through the fall may be permitted to do so. The students will work for specific media organizations in an existing intern program operated for undergraduates and recent graduates who are planning journalism careers.
AAAS Annual Meeting
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The 141st Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, to be held January 26–31, 1975, at the Americana Hotel in New York, continues a recent pattern of AAAS meetings consisting of holding a series of symposia organized around a central theme so as to better communicate the results of science across disciplines and across the ‘two‐culture’ barrier that seems to separate science from the rest of society.The program this year explores ‘Science and the Quality of Life.’ It consists of about 125 separate symposia on the role of science in human health, human imagination, human environment, and, in deference to the host city as one of the world's largest urban areas, in the metropolis. A preliminary program appears in the September 27, 1974, issue of Science.
Pacific science congress meets in Canada
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The Thirteenth Pacific Science Congress will be held on the campus of the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, from August 18 to 30, 1975. The theme of the congress is ‘Mankind's Future in the Pacific.’The Pacific Science Association, sponsor of the congress, was founded in 1920 and now numbers 46 countries or areas as members and 7 as honorary members.
Scientific and technical communications guidebook
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

A guidebook for innovations in scientific and technical communication is being developed under the aegis of the National Science Foundation. Under contract with the NSF's Office of Scientific Information Service, Applied Communication Research in Stanford, California, and Capital Systems Group in Rockville, Maryland, have begun gathering information from selected individuals and organizations.For some time the NSF has been concerned over the slow rate of improvement in the state‐of‐the‐art of conveying scientific and technical information dissemination systems, devices, and practices for subsequent listing, description, and evaluation. The guidebook, to be titled ‘Innovation in the Dissemination of Scientific and Technical Information,’ is intended for use by publishers, editors, writers, and individuals of allied responsibilities.
Quantitative magnetospheric models: Topic of conference in May
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

A topical Conference on Quantitative Magnetospheric Models will be sponsored by AGU from May 6 to 8, 1975. Locations in southern California are being considered for the meeting.The purpose of the conference is to determine which magnetospheric models are available, to discuss their limitations, and to decide which models would be most useful. Discussions will be augmented by papers on the descriptions of various observational data. The uses of observational data for the development of quantitative models and models for organizing such data will be discussed.
IHD Coordinating Council holds last session
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The ninth and last session of the Coordinating Council for the International Hydrological Decade was held at Unesco House in Paris a few days before the End‐of‐Decade Conference and Celebration of the Tercentenary of Scientific Hydrology. The council session ended on a note of nostalgia for the IHD's ten‐year effort and‐a note of hope for the succeeding International Hydrological Program (IHP).The principal accomplishments of the session were the termination of the mandates of the existing working groups, the submission of recommendations to the Unesco General Conference for the completion of publications begun but not yet issued, and the preparation of recommendations to the Intergovernmental Council of the IHP concerning the operations of working groups and panels.
U.S./IHP plan
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

United States participation in the post‐Decade International Hydrological Program (IHP) is being organized in general accordance with the recommendations made by the Panel on Post‐Decade Procedures established by the U.S. National Committee for the International Hydrological Decade (USNC/IHD).One of the principal recommendations of the report ‘United States Participation in the International Hydrological Program, 1975—’resulted in the acceptance by the U.S. Geological Survey, at the request of the Department of State, of lead‐agency responsibility for U.S. participation in the IHP. Selection of the USGS (a part of the Department of the Interior) for this task was made by the Department of State after consultation with representatives of federal agencies with interests in international water‐related programs.
IFYGL History and Summary published by Canada and U.S.
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Two Nations, One Lake—Science in Support of Great Lakes Management, a 145‐page summary review of the International Field Year for the Great Lakes, has been published by the Canadian and United States National Committees for the IHD.The report includes a brief historical account of human settlement of the Great Lakes region and some of the natural resource management problems this has engendered, a review of the planning that went into the design and operation of IFYGL, and summaries of the IFYGL scientific programs (in six areas), operations, and data management schemes.
New publication policies
Authors: Spilhaus A. F. 
Published: October 2011

As an experiment to improve communications, the council has instituted an alternative form of publication: summaries of papers, with the full article available in microfiche. The summaries will include abstracts and may include figures, tables, and references. Since halftone photographs do not reproduce well in microfiche, authors are advised to include such photographs in their summaries.The full text of the summary plus the manuscript can be ordered on microfiche from AGU by interested individuals. Authors can order the fiche at a special rate as [reprints.] The full manuscript will be included in the microfilm and microfiche editions of the journals and will therefore be part of the archived literature. Libraries that subscribe to AGU journals and are not already subscribing to the microform editions will be offered the fiche editions at a special rate.
President's page: Image
Authors: Press Frank 
Published: October 2011

Just like the economists, puzzled by the unusual combination of inflation and recession, earth scientists are perturbed by the difficulties they face in obtaining support at a time when their field is peaking with the excitement of major discoveries. How much more could be done with new equipment, more ambitious field experiments, more time for research, and less time spent in scampering for research support every few months.One can gage the seriousness of the situation in a number of ways. Since 1968, federal support for untargeted basic research, measured in constant dollars, has decreased significantly. A survey of laboratory facilities shows that instruments are becoming outmoded and difficult to maintain and are falling increasingly behind the state of the art with each passing year. Perhaps the most telling indicator of the plight of the research community is the situation faced by program managers in the funding agencies. First class proposals are being turned down, and those lucky enough to be funded are typically supported at a fraction (half) of the amount needed. Program managers are now debating the unpleasant proposition: Shall we support even fewer people in order that some projects can operate at a level adequate for significant progress to be made? Young scientists at the height of their creative powers suffer the most in times of budgetary constriction.
Geo‐Art: Plate and platonic solids
Authors: Spilhaus Athelstan 
Published: October 2011

In 1933, as a student in meteorology browsing through the library, I first ran into the book by Alfred Wegner entitled Kontinental Vershiebung (Continental Drift). Wegner was a meteorologist, but it was not mere loyalty to a fellow meteorologist but rather a stirring feeling for the art of the beautiful simplicity of his ideas (unproven at that time) that wedded me to the idea of continental drift.Throughout the ensuing years, when it was fashion to discard and pooh‐pooh this grand scheme, I still believed it was too beautiful to be bad.
U.S. solar energy research program
Authors: Herwig Lloyd O. 
Published: October 2011

The plans and policies of the National Solar Energy Program are focused on the general objective of developing, at the earliest feasible time, those applications of solar energy that can be made economically attractive and environmentally acceptable as alternative energy sources. The program plans are adjusted to reflect continuing critical reviews based on new information and understanding, assessments of priorities, identification of research and technology needs, and levels of funding and research capabilities.The general objectives of the solar energy program are (1) to provide the research and technology base required for economic terrestrial applications of solar energy; (2) to foster the implementation of practical systems to the state required for commercial utilization; and (3) to provide a firm technical environmental, social, and economic basis for evaluating the role of solar energy utilization in U.S. energy planning.
Metropolitan Physical Environment Conference
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The Pinchot Institute for Environmental Forestry Research ofthe U.S. Forest Service, the State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, and other organizations will sponsor a Conference on Metropolitan Physical Environment: Vegetation, Spaces, and Structure for Human Amenities, August 25–29, 1975, in Syracuse, New York.The purpose of the conference is to bring together a multidisciplinary group of scientists, planners, and managers who have an interest in the metropolitan physical environment. The goal is to provide a forum for the exchange of scientific information on the metropolitan (urban and suburban) physical environment and for discussion of the implications of this information for metropolitan planners, designers, managers, and administrators.