bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phonologie et morphosyntaxe de l'anglais dans un produit SIC : le premier module de MACAO
Authors: Poussard Cécile , Vincent-Durroux Laurence 
Published: January 2012

La préoccupation fréquente, chez les étudiants spécialistes d'autres disciplines que l'anglais, d'améliorer leur compréhension de l'anglais oral a motivé notre démarche de création d'un produit SIC (Systèmes d'Information et de Communication) : MACAO (Modules d'Aide à la Compréhension de l'Anglais Oral). Le premier module, "S'entraîner à la reconnaissance", est réalisé et l'outil informatique s'est révélé particulièrement utile pour notre projet. Dans cet article, nous faisons état des difficultés récurrentes en compréhension de l'anglais oral : elles peuvent être dues à des attentes erronées fondées sur la dissymétrie entre la langue écrite et la langue orale, mais aussi à une reconnaissance difficile de certains morphèmes par l'existence de variantes phonologiques en fonction du contexte et par la proximité phonologique de certains morphèmes. Nous présentons également comment le contenu du premier module tente d'apporter des solutions à ces difficultés : en amenant les apprenants à prendre conscience du phénomène de réduction vocalique et d'inaccentuation qui touche certaines syllabes des mots aussi bien que certains éléments monosyllabiques de l'énoncé et en proposant un entraînement à la reconnaissance de ces éléments. Le module est en cours de validation avec une phase d'évaluation.
Image Guided Placement of Extracorporeal Life Support through Bi-Caval Dual Lumen Venovenous Membrane Oxygenation in an Interventional Radiology Setting – Initial Experience
Authors: De Bucourt Maximilian , Teichgräber Ulf K.M. 
Published: January 2012

Purpose To report our initial results of venovenous ECMO placement of a novel bicaval dual lumen catheter in six consecutive patients with severe respiratory failure. Methods The dual lumen catheters (Avalon elite, Avalon Laboratories, Rancho Dominguez, CA, USA; available in 13, 16, 19, 20, 23, 27, and 31 French) were inserted with ultrasound-guided puncture via the right internal jugular vein. The devices were placed with the proximal drainage inlet in the SVC, with the distal drainage inlet tip in the IVC, and with the return outlet in the right atrium under fluoroscopy. Results All catheter placements (1 × 19, 1 × 23, 1 × 27 and 3 × 31 French) were performed successfully: after insertion, adequate flows and gas exchange were obtained in all patients. Median support time was 9.5 days (range 3–41). We did not observe any cannulation-related events, especially no cannula displacement, no cannula thrombosis, no necessary repositioning, and no device failure. Decannulation and extubation was attained in 4/6 (66.7%) patients. 2/6 (33.3%) patients died (on day 3 and on day 10) while still under ECMO because of disease progression not controllable by medical means undertaken. The overall survival and hospital discharge rate in our small sample volume was 66.7% (4/6 patients) Conclusions Our initial results suggest that single cannulation dual lumen venovenous ECMO catheter placement can be performed successfully and safely in an Interventional Radiology setting. The technique reported is feasible, easy to use, and the outcome seems to be comparable to other performing implanting specialties.
Occupational Information in Counseling: Present Practices and Historical Development
Authors: CLARK FLORENCE E. , MURTLAND CLEO 
Published: January 2012

The need for a scientific approach to the collection and dissemination of occupational information has probably never been more acute. The extensive development of personnel programs in schools, industry, and community agencies points to a parallel need for a thorough understanding of the background and growth of techniques in occupational information and research.This report was prepared by two members of the National Vocational Guidance Association who have long been active in the practical aspects of an occupational research program. Counselors of young people and adults and instructors in schools of education will find this material very helpful. It represents the culmination of a number of years of intensive study stimulated by the executive committee of the Occupational Research Division of the National Vocational Guidance Association which, in 1943, was asked for similar materials for use in Latin American countries.This committee, composed of: Margaret E. Bennett, Florence E. Clark, Mary P. Corre, Mary J. Drucker, Forrest H. Kirkpatrick, Robert Hoppock, Cleo Murtland, William F. Patterson, Lester J. Schloerb, Carroll L. Shartle, Marion R. Trabue, and Marguerite W. Zapoleon, Chairman, also reviewed the manuscript and their suggestions together with those of Fred C. Smith, Chairman of the Publications Committee, members of the Editorial Board of OCCUPATIONS, and a number of others, were used in the revision here published.—M. R. TRABUE, President, NVGA; LESTER J. SCHLOERB, Chairman, Occupational Research Division
‘Superparameterization’ and statistical emulation in the Lorenz '96 system
Authors: Wilks D. S. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAn idealized ‘superparameterization’, or abbreviated but dynamically explicit representation of small‐scale influences on the conventionally resolved larger scales of a dynamical model, is constructed within the Lorenz '96 system. The feasibility of abstracting the greater portion of its information content using computationally much faster statistical summaries, or emulators, is investigated through integration of a large number of ensemble forecasts. Even though based on an extremely small training‐sample size, consistent with an assumed high computational expense for running a full superparameterization, some of the statistical emulator formulations perform nearly as well as the superparameterization forecast ensembles. As in previous studies, better forecast characteristics are generally achieved when autocorrelated random forcing is included, both in the otherwise deterministic superparameterization and in its statistical emulators. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
The importance of friction in mountain wave drag amplification by Scorer parameter resonance
Authors: Teixeira M. A. C. , Argaín J. L. , Miranda P. M. A. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA mechanism for amplification of mountain waves, and their associated drag, by parametric resonance is investigated using linear theory and numerical simulations. This mechanism, which is active when the Scorer parameter oscillates with height, was recently classified by previous authors as intrinsically nonlinear. Here it is shown that, if friction is included in the simplest possible form as a Rayleigh damping, and the solution to the Taylor–Goldstein equation is expanded in a power series of the amplitude of the Scorer parameter oscillation, linear theory can replicate the resonant amplification produced by numerical simulations with some accuracy. The drag is significantly altered by resonance in the vicinity of n/l0 = 2, where l0 is the unperturbed value of the Scorer parameter and n is the wave number of its oscillation. Depending on the phase of this oscillation, the drag may be substantially amplified or attenuated relative to its non‐resonant value, displaying either single maxima or minima, or double extrema near n/l0 = 2. Both non‐hydrostatic effects and friction tend to reduce the magnitude of the drag extrema. However, in exactly inviscid conditions, the single drag maximum and minimum are suppressed. As in the atmosphere friction is often small but non‐zero outside the boundary layer, modelling of the drag amplification mechanism addressed here should be quite sensitive to the type of turbulence closure employed in numerical models, or to computational dissipation in nominally inviscid simulations. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
UNIQUENESS OF MEROMORPHIC FUNCTIONS SHARING ONE VALUE
Authors: WU CHUN , MU CHUNLAI , LI JIANGTAO 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIn this paper, we study the uniqueness of meromorphic functions concerning differential polynomials sharing nonzero finite values, and obtain some results which improve the results of Yang and Hua, Xu and Qiu, Fang and Hong, and Dyavanal, among others.
Dietary patterns and bone mineral status in young adults: the Northern Ireland Young Hearts Project
Authors: Whittle Claire R. , Woodside Jayne V. , Cardwell Chris R. , McCourt Hannah J. , Young Ian S. , Murray Liam J. , Boreham Colin A. , Gallagher Alison M. , Neville Charlotte E. , McKinley Michelle C. 
Published: January 2012

Studies of individual nutrients or foods have revealed much about dietary influences on bone. Multiple food or nutrient approaches, such as dietary pattern analysis, could offer further insight but research is limited and largely confined to older adults. We examined the relationship between dietary patterns, obtained bya posteriorianda priorimethods, and bone mineral status (BMS; collective term for bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD)) in young adults (20–25 years;n489). Diet was assessed by 7 d diet history and BMD and BMC were determined at the lumbar spine and femoral neck (FN).A posterioridietary patterns were derived using principal component analysis (PCA) and threea prioridietary quality scores were applied (dietary diversity score (DDS), nutritional risk score and Mediterranean diet score). For the PCA-derived dietary patterns, women in the top compared to the bottom fifth of the ‘Nuts and Meat’ pattern had greater FN BMD by 0·074 g/cm2(P = 0·049) and FN BMC by 0·40 g (P = 0·034) after adjustment for confounders. Similarly, men in the top compared to the bottom fifth of the ‘Refined’ pattern had lower FN BMC by 0·41 g (P = 0·049). For thea prioriDDS, women in the top compared to the bottom third had lower FN BMD by 0·05 g/cm2after adjustments (P = 0·052), but no other relationships with BMS were identified. In conclusion, adherence to a ‘Nuts and Meat’ dietary pattern may be associated with greater BMS in young women and a ‘Refined’ dietary pattern may be detrimental for bone health in young men.
The Ambrosetti–Prodi problem for elliptic systems with Trudinger–Moser nonlinearities
Authors: Ribeiro Bruno 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIn this work we study the following class of elliptic systems:where Ω ⊂ ℝ2 is a smooth bounded domain, H is a C1 function in [0, +∞)×[0, +∞) which is assumed to be in the critical growth range of Trudinger–Moser type and f1, f2 ∈ Lr (Ω), r > 2. Under suitable hypotheses on the functions a, b, c ∈ C($(\bar\sOm)$ and using variational methods, we prove the existence of two solutions depending on f1 and f2.
Lifts and vertex pairs in solvable groups
Authors: Cossey James P. , Lewis Mark L. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractSuppose G is a p-solvable group, where p is odd. We explore the connection between lifts of Brauer characters of G and certain local objects in G, called vertex pairs. We show that if χ is a lift, then the vertex pairs of χ form a single conjugacy class. We use this to prove a sufficient condition for a given pair to be a vertex pair of a lift and to study the behaviour of lifts with respect to normal subgroups.
The Darboux problem involving the distributional Henstock–Kurzweil integral
Authors: Lu Yueping , Ye Guoju , Wang Ying , Liu Wei 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIn this paper, using the Schauder Fixed Point Theorem and the Vidossich Theorem, we study the existence of solutions and the structure of the set of solutions of the Darboux problem involving the distributional Henstock–Kurzweil integral. The two theorems presented in this paper are extensions of the previous results of Deblasi and Myjak and of Bugajewski and Szufla.
Algebras of generalized functions with smooth parameter dependence
Authors: Burtscher Annegret , Kunzinger Michael 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWe show that spaces of Colombeau generalized functions with smooth parameter dependence are isomorphic to those with continuous parametrization. Based on this result we initiate a systematic study of algebraic properties of the ring $\tilde{\mathbb{K}}_\mathrm{sm}$ of generalized numbers in this unified setting. In particular, we investigate the ring and order structure of $\tilde{\mathbb{K}}_\mathrm{sm}$ and establish some properties of its ideals.
Exposure of small mammals to ticks and rickettsiae in Atlantic Forest patches in the metropolitan area of Recife, North-eastern Brazil
Authors: DANTAS-TORRES FILIPE , ALÉSSIO FILIPE MARTINS , SIQUEIRA DANIEL BARRETO , MAUFFREY JEAN-FRANÇOIS , MARVULO MARIA FERNANDA V. , MARTINS THIAGO F. , MORAES-FILHO JONAS , CAMARGO MARIA CECÍLIA G. O. , D'AURIA SANDRA REGINA NICOLETTI , LABRUNA MARCELO B. , SILVA JEAN CARLOS RAMOS 
Published: January 2012

SUMMARYBetween December 2007 and March 2009, small mammals were captured in 6 Atlantic Forest patches in Brazil. We assessed tick-host associations and whether they differ among forest strata, sites, seasons, and host age classes or between sexes. Moreover, we assessed the exposure of animals toRickettsiaspp. In total, 432 animals were captured and 808 ticks were found on 32·9% of them. Significant differences were found among host species, collection sites, and forest strata; microhabitat preference was a strong risk factor for tick infestation. The highest tick density rates were recorded in forest fragments settled in rural areas; 91·3% of the ticks were collected from animals trapped in these forest fragments. A high prevalence (68·8%) of antibodies toRickettsiaspp. was detected among animals. This study suggests that disturbed Atlantic Forest fragments provide an environment for ticks and small mammals, which are highly exposed to rickettsiae. It also indicates that forest patches settled in rural areas are usually associated with higher small mammal diversity as well as with higher tick density rates.
A review of nosocomial norovirus outbreaks: infection control interventions found effective
Authors: GREIG J. D. , LEE M. B. 
Published: January 2012

SUMMARYThe purpose of this study was to review documented outbreaks of enteric illness associated with nosocomial norovirus infections and to identify modes of transmission, morbidity and mortality patterns, and recommendations for control. Searches of electronic databases, public health publications, and federal, state/provincial public health websites were completed for 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2010. Computer-aided searches of literature databases and systematic searches of government websites identified 54 relevant outbreak reports. Transmission routes included person-to-person (18·5%), foodborne (3·7%) and in the majority (77·8%) the route was unknown. Actions taken during the outbreak to control infection included restricting the movements of patients and staff (22·5%), enhanced environmental cleaning (13·6%) and hand hygiene (10·3%). Rapid identification of norovirus outbreaks in hospitals is vital for the immediate implementation of infection control measures and isolation of infected individuals in this mainly immunocompromised population. Studies that statistically evaluate infection control measures are needed.
Nesting habitat of the Tucuman ParrotAmazona tucumanain an old-growth cloud-forest of Argentina
Authors: RIVERA LUIS , POLITI NATALIA , BUCHER ENRIQUE H. 
Published: January 2012

SummaryTucuman ParrotAmazona tucumanabreeds in the cloud-forest of south-eastern Bolivia and north-western Argentina (or Southern Yungas forest). We studied the nesting requirements of the Tucuman Parrot and assessed cavity availability, reuse, and spatial pattern of nests in El Rey National Park – one of the last mature, undisturbed areas of the Southern Yungas forest. We recorded 44 nesting attempts in seven tree species, with most nests (95%) being located in live canopy trees > 60 cm DBH. Most parrot nest-cavities occurred inBlepharocalix salicifolius(60%) and cavities in this species were selected significantly more than expected based on availability. Nests were shallower and higher than nests of otherAmazonaspecies. For all years combined, mean nest density of Tucuman Parrot was 0.24 ± 0.04 nest ha-1and the distance to the nearest active nest was significantly greater than the distance between all trees used as nests. Nesting pairs of Tucuman Parrot were separated by 144.1 ± 152.8 m, while potential nest-trees were 66.0 ± 55.4 m apart. Density of suitable cavities for nesting was 4.6 cavities ha-1. Approximately 16 suitable cavities were available for each breeding pair (0.24 breeding pair ha-1and four suitable cavities ha-1) and 5% of the suitable cavities available were occupied, suggesting that suitable cavities are not a limiting resource. However, due to the territorial behaviour of breeding pairs, some of these cavities are unavailable to other breeding pairs. The spatial requirements of Tucuman Parrot for nesting could limit management actions intended to increase the density of nesting pairs.
The Azure Jay may reproduce in plantations of Araucaria angustifolia in southern Brazil
Authors: BOESING ANDREA LARISSA , ANJOS LUIZ DOS 
Published: January 2012

SummaryWe undertook field observations of the Azure Jay Cyanocorax caeruleus in Araucaria plantations and a secondary forest in southern Brazil from 2007 to 2010. During the breeding season, the territory and the flock sizes in Araucaria plantations (31.6–42.2 ha; 2–3 individuals) seemed to be smaller than in the secondary forest (64.5–72.6 ha; 5–6 individuals). One active nest was monitored in October–November 2009 and indicated cooperative breeding by the Azure Jay, as for the majority of American jays. The fact that reproduction was documented in Araucaria plantations may be positive for the conservation of this species, since natural areas of mixed rainforest are becoming increasingly scarce.
The Gerrymanderers Are Coming! Legislative Redistricting Won't Affect Competition or Polarization Much, No Matter Who Does It
Authors: Masket Seth E. , Winburn Jonathan , Wright Gerald C. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractRedistricting received substantial attention in the popular media in 2011, as states redrew state legislative and congressional district boundaries. Many reformers continue to argue for a de-politicization of the redistricting process, claiming that partisan redistricting is responsible for declining electoral competition and increasing legislative polarization. Our analysis of evidence from state legislatures during the last decade suggests that the effects of partisan redistricting on competition and polarization are small, considerably more nuanced than reformers would suggest, and overwhelmed by other aspects of the political environment.
Smith (and Jones) Go to Washington: Democracy and Vice-Presidential Selection
Authors: Uscinski Joseph 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe American vice president's most notable constitutional function is that of succession: if the president unexpectedly leaves office, the vice president becomes president. The process of selecting vice-presidential running mates has fallen into fewer hands over time, moving from the electorate, to party bosses and delegates, to a single person: the presidential candidate. The selection process presents challenges for democratic governance: electoral considerations may provide presidential candidates with incentive to choose vice-presidential running mates who differ from themselves politically. In cases of succession, this can lead to undemocratic outcomes and unstable policy.
The Never-Ending Drug War: Obstacles to Drug War Policy Termination
Authors: Scherlen Renee 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWhy does the war on drugs continue after 40 years? This article combines theories of policy termination and prospect theory to explain the drug war's persistence. After reviewing the case for termination, the article turns to policy termination theory. As previous case studies have demonstrated, rationality and economic reasoning alone fail to persuade politicians to end existing policies. In the case of the drug war, specific characteristics of the drug policy and the current political environment, as well as typical institutional and bureaucratic constraints, create substantial obstacles to end the drug war. Perceptions of the risks and benefits of drug war termination also create difficulties. The article concludes that a number of factors need to shift before drug war policy termination can take place.
Engaging the Reluctant? Service Learning, Interpersonal Contact, and Attitudes toward Homeless Individuals
Authors: Knecht Thomas , Martinez Lisa M. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis article examines the extent to which service-learning courses affect students' attitudes and opinions. Elsewhere, we used a pre/postsurvey field experiment to demonstrate that volunteering with a homeless person tends to erode the stereotypes held by the domiciled—a confirmation of the venerable contact hypothesis. Here we use the same research design to assess whether students in service-learning courses exhibit a similar type of opinion change after spending a day with a homeless person. We find that even with limited contact a significant number of service-learning students came away from their time with homeless individuals holding fewer stereotypes and with a more nuanced perspective on the causes and consequences of homelessness. Nevertheless, working with a homeless person did have a negative effect on some students and contact generally failed to change students' views on public policy.
The Senate Budget Committee: The Impact of Polarization on Institutional Design
Authors: Bafumi Joseph 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe Senate Budget Committee is a unique and potentially powerful institution in the US legislature. It was begun to help coordinate the federal budget making process in the US Senate. Long-term trends and short-term institutional dynamics have weakened the coordinating capacity of the committee to the point that the budget process was entirely ignored in 2011. This article explores these changes. It shows evidence for Democrats and Republicans on the committee moving further apart ideologically since the 1970s resulting in more partisanship and less deliberation on the committee. It also shows how a combination of a narrow Democratic majority on the committee along with a recent uptick in ideological heterogeneity among Democrats but without prospects for bipartisanship, resulted in no budget process in 2011.
Myofibroblasts in the Infarct Area: Concepts and Challenges
Authors: Daskalopoulos Evangelos P. , Janssen Ben J.A. , Blankesteijn W. Matthijs 
Published: January 2012

AbstractMyofibroblasts are differentiated fibroblasts that hold a key role in wound healing and remodeling following myocardial infarction (MI). A large repertoire of stimuli, such as mechanical stretch, growth factors, cytokines, and vasoactive peptides, induces myofibroblast differentiation. Myofibroblasts are responsible for the production and deposition of collagen, leading to the establishment of a dense extracellular matrix that strengthens the infarcted tissue and minimizes dilatation of the infarct area. In addition, cells contributing to fibrosis act on sites distal from the infarct area and promote collagen deposition in noninfarcted tissue, thus contributing to adverse remodeling and consequently to the development of congestive heart failure (CHF). Current drugs that are used to treat post-MI CHF do influence fibroblasts and myofibroblasts; however, their therapeutic efficacy is far from being regarded as ideal. Novel therapeutic agents targeting (myo)fibroblasts are being developed to successfully prevent the cardiac remodeling of sites remote from the infarct area and therefore hinder the establishment of CHF. The purpose of this review article is to discuss the basic concepts of the myofibroblasts' actions in cardiac wound healing processes, factors that influence them, currently available pharmacological agents, and future challenges in this area.