bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polo‐like kinase 1 regulates cell proliferation and is targeted by miR‐593* in esophageal cancer
Authors: Ito Tetsuo , Sato Fumiaki , Kan Takatsugu , Cheng Yulan , David Stefan , Agarwal Rachana , Paun Bogdan C. , Jin Zhe , Olaru Alexandru V. , Hamilton James P. , Selaru Florin M. , Yang Jian , Matsumura Nobutoshi , Shimizu Kazuharu , Abraham John M. , Shimada Yutaka , Mori Yuriko , Meltzer Stephen J. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractPolo‐like kinase 1 (PLK1) is overexpressed in various human cancers. However, the biological functions and the post‐transcriptional regulations of PLK1 in esophageal cancer (EC) are still unknown. The purposes of our study are to determine whether PLK1 can be a molecular target of EC therapy and to identify a microRNA (miRNA) targeting PLK1. We performed loss‐of‐function and gain‐of‐function experiments regarding cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, in vivo tumor formation and luciferase reporter assays, using siRNAs against PLK1 and miRNA. PLK1 protein was expressed in all 11 EC cell lines, but not in normal esophageal epithelial cells (HEEpiC). Knockdown of PLK1 in EC cells induced G2/M arrest (p < 0.001) in cell cycle assay and reduced cell proliferation (p = 0.019) and tumor formation ability in vivo (p < 0.0001). MiR‐593*, identified as a miRNA targeting PLK1 by a database search, was less expressed especially in six EC cell lines than HEEpiC cells. Moreover, miR‐593* expression level was inversely correlated with PLK1 mRNA level in 48 clinical tissue specimens of EC (p = 0.006). Introduction of synthetic miR‐593* suppressed PLK1 expression by 69–73%, reduced cell proliferation (p = 0.008) and increased cell proportion of G2/M phase (p = 0.01) in HSA/c (an EC cells), whereas a miR‐593* inhibitor upregulated PLK1 expression by 11–55%. Additionally, luciferase assay demonstrated that miR‐593* interacted two binding sites in the PLK1 3′‐UTR and reduced 56.8–71.5% of luciferase activity by degrading luciferase mRNA in HSA/c cells. In conclusion, PLK1 is post‐transcriptionally regulated by miR‐593* and could be a promising molecular target for EC treatment.
The importance of longitudinal pretest‐posttest designs in estimating college impact
Authors: Seifert Tricia A. , Pascarella Ernest T. , Erkel Sherri I. , Goodman Kathleen M. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThis chapter opens with a literature scan examining the use of longitudinal pretest‐posttest designs in college impact research. With that in mind, the authors present an example of how researchers can mis‐estimate college impact if pretest‐posttest designs are not used.
The Morphological Radiation of Setae in the Cladocera (Crustacea) and Their Potential for Morphogenesis
Authors: Smirnov Nikolai N. , Kotov Alexey A. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe present review seeks to demonstrate the presence of an inherent biological tendency for the modification of form in cladoceran setae. We present a comparative description of the setal equipment of the cladoceran antenna I, antenna II, maxilla I, maxilla II, each thoracic limb, the carapace valves, and the postabdomen. We revealed significant differences between planktonic and benthic species of the Cladocera. Also our analysis stresses the great differences between the “daphniid” line (Daphniidae + Moinidae) and the “chydorid” line (all other families) of the order Anomopoda.Comments on cladoceran limb evolution are made, and some general conclusions concerning the major tendencies of setal evolutionary transformations are drawn. The morphological range of homologous structures in different species is generally wide, from an undifferentiated seta to either its disappearance or to enlargement, heavy chitinization, and specialization. Special issues, such as parallelisms, oligomerization, asymmetry, abnormalities, and conjugated morphogenesis are discussed. It is assumed that, having been originated, if not eliminated, these modifications either find some adaptive use in the process of radiation at the next level – adaptive radiation – or restrict the niches of specialized groups, or just remain ecologically neutral and then give rise to a series of similar species. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Population Growth of Six Iranian Brachionus Rotifer Strains in Response to Salinity and Food Type
Authors: Malekzadeh Viayeh Reza , Mohammadi Habib , Shafiei Abbas Banj 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIntrinsic rates of population increase (r) were evaluated as a measure of population dynamics of four strains of Brachionus plicatilis and two strains of B. urceolaris from Iran in response to different salinities and feeding algae. Each rotifer strain was cultured at four salinities: 5, 20, 25 and 30‰ and fed with two microalgal species: Chlorella vulgaris and Nannochloropsis oculata. Salinity of 5‰ was critical for all the examined strains, at which r was at minimum and was different from the other salinities (P < 0.05). For B. plicatilis strains, the maximum r was observed in those fed on Chlorella at salinities of 10 and 30‰ (64 ± 0.01 day−1). While, in B. urceolaris, maximum r was for Nannochloropsis fed rotifers at salinity of 20‰ (0.69 ± 0.01 day−1). Maximum final population density (FD) was obtained for a strain of B. urceolaris fed on Nannochloropsis at 20‰ (329.3 ± 10.9 ind.mL−1). FD was relatively lower in B. plicatilis strains among all examined salinities. ANOVA showed the significant effect of salinity and rotifer strain, and algae × rotifer strain on both r and FD, and salinity × rotifer × algae on FD (P < 0.05). (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Spatial and Temporal Diversity Patterns of Planktonic Rotifer Assemblages in Water Bodies of the Floodplain Gemenc (Duna‐Dráva National Park, Hungary)
Authors: Schöll Károly 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe Gemenc floodplain of the Danube possesses numerous side arms and backwaters. The aim of my study was to explore connections between hydrological events and diversity patterns of the planktonic rotifer assemblages of these water bodies. During the study period (2002–2008) 75 taxa of rotifers were found. Generally, the water bodies of the floodplain had more diverse rotifer assemblages than the main arm. At low and medium water levels diversity was highest in the parapotamal water bodies. This result may be explained by the intermediate disturbance hypothesis. At high water levels the highest biodiversities shifted to the plesiopotamal. Biodiversity, dominance, and evenness correlated with water flow and temperature. Patterns of biodiversity seem to be determined by the water level of the main arm; therefore the water regime appears to provide pronounced temporal variability in the hydro‐ecology of the floodplain. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Gluconeogenesis in dairy cows: The secret of making sweet milk from sour dough
Authors: Aschenbach Jörg R. , Kristensen Niels B. , Donkin Shawn S. , Hammon Harald M. , Penner Gregory B. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractGluconeogenesis is a crucial process to support glucose homeostasis when nutritional supply with glucose is insufficient. Because ingested carbohydrates are efficiently fermented to short‐chain fatty acids in the rumen, ruminants are required to meet the largest part of their glucose demand by de novo genesis after weaning. The qualitative difference to nonruminant species is that propionate originating from ruminal metabolism is the major substrate for gluconeogenesis. Disposal of propionate into gluconeogenesis via propionyl‐CoA carboxylase, methylmalonyl‐CoA mutase, and the cytosolic form of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) has a high metabolic priority and continues even if glucose is exogenously supplied. Gluconeogenesis is regulated at the transcriptional and several posttranscriptional levels and is under hormonal control (primarily insulin, glucagon, and growth hormone). Transcriptional regulation is relevant for regulating precursor entry into gluconeogenesis (propionate, alanine and other amino acids, lactate, and glycerol). Promoters of the bovine pyruvate carboxylase (PC) and PEPCK genes are directly controlled by metabolic products. The final steps decisive for glucose release (fructose 1,6‐bisphosphatase and glucose 6‐phosphatase) appear to be highly dependent on posttranscriptional regulation according to actual glucose status. Glucogenic precursor entry, together with hepatic glycogen dynamics, is mostly sufficient to meet the needs for hepatic glucose output except in high‐producing dairy cows during the transition from the dry period to peak lactation. Lactating cows adapt to the increased glucose requirement for lactose production by mobilization of endogenous glucogenic substrates and increased hepatic PC expression. If these adaptations fail, lipid metabolism may be altered leading to fatty liver and ketosis. Increasing feed intake and provision of glucogenic precursors from the diet are important to ameliorate these disturbances. An improved understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying gluconeogenesis may further improve our options to enhance the postpartum health status of dairy cows. © 2010 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 62(12): 869–877
The effect of betacyclodextrin and hydroxypropyl betacyclodextrin incorporation into plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) on its compatibility with human U937 cells
Authors: George Susan M. , Gaylor John D. S. , Leadbitter Jason , Grant M. Helen 
Published: December 2010

AbstractDi (2‐ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is one of the main plasticizers used in poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) medical devices and is currently the only one listed for use in the European Pharmacopoeia Monograph. It leaches out of PVC when the material is in contact with lipophilic media, for example, blood and certain nutritional feeds. Consequently, concerns have been expressed since in certain animal species, DEHP has been shown to exhibit both carcinogenic and reproductive toxic effects. Incorporation of beta cyclodextrin (BCD) and hydroxypropyl betacyclodectrin (HPBCD) into plasticized materials has been reported to decrease the leaching of DEHP. We have investigated whether this results in improved in vitro biocompatibility by measuring the responses of U937 cells to plasticized PVC in the presence and absence of added BCD or HPBCD. Growth and viability of the U937 cells, as well as tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) production in contact with these materials revealed no significant difference between unmodified plasticized PVC materials and those containing BCD or HPBCD. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to elicit TNF‐α production, and the response of cells to LPS in the presence of the PVC materials was evaluated. When PVC was modified by addition of HPBCD there was a significant reduction in the TNF‐α production in response to LPS. Modification of plasticized PVC biomaterials by adding cyclodextrins did not significantly improve their biocompatibility. However, the HPBCD modified plasticized PVC materials caused a reduction in the production in TNF‐α induced by LPS which may have implications for the inflammatory potential of these biomaterials. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.
PaDEL‐descriptor: An open source software to calculate molecular descriptors and fingerprints
Authors: Yap Chun Wei 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIntroductionPaDEL‐Descriptor is a software for calculating molecular descriptors and fingerprints. The software currently calculates 797 descriptors (663 1D, 2D descriptors, and 134 3D descriptors) and 10 types of fingerprints. These descriptors and fingerprints are calculated mainly using The Chemistry Development Kit. Some additional descriptors and fingerprints were added, which include atom type electrotopological state descriptors, McGowan volume, molecular linear free energy relation descriptors, ring counts, count of chemical substructures identified by Laggner, and binary fingerprints and count of chemical substructures identified by Klekota and Roth.MethodsPaDEL‐Descriptor was developed using the Java language and consists of a library component and an interface component. The library component allows it to be easily integrated into quantitative structure activity relationship software to provide the descriptor calculation feature while the interface component allows it to be used as a standalone software. The software uses a Master/Worker pattern to take advantage of the multiple CPU cores that are present in most modern computers to speed up calculations of molecular descriptors.ResultsThe software has several advantages over existing standalone molecular descriptor calculation software. It is free and open source, has both graphical user interface and command line interfaces, can work on all major platforms (Windows, Linux, MacOS), supports more than 90 different molecular file formats, and is multithreaded.ConclusionPaDEL‐Descriptor is a useful addition to the currently available molecular descriptor calculation software. The software can be downloaded at http://padel.nus.edu.sg/software/padeldescriptor. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011
Creation of a panel of vectors based on ape adenovirus isolates
Authors: Roy Soumitra , Medina‐Jaszek Angelica , Wilson Matthew J. , Sandhu Arbansjit , Calcedo Roberto , Lin Jianping , Wilson James M. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackgroundWe recently reported the isolation and sequencing of 30 novel adenoviruses from chimpanzees, bonobos and gorillas. These adenoviruses are promising candidates for the purpose of expanding the repertoire of adenoviral serotypes that can be used to create vectors for circumventing pre‐existing neutralizing antibodies in human populations. We thus aimed to create vectors from 20 of the newly isolated adenoviruses.MethodsPlasmid molecular clones were created that harbored the complete E1‐deleted genomes from 20 of the newly isolated ape adenoviruses belonging to species B, C and E. The plasmids were transfected into human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells to rescue vectors. We also tested normal human sera to determine the extent of pre‐existing cross‐neutralizing anti‐adenovirus neutralizing antibodies.ResultsTwelve vectors could be rescued and expanded following transfection into HEK 293 cells with yields (from fifty 150‐mm culture dishes) that ranged from 3 × 1011 to 7 × 1013 viral particles. Sera from 50 normal human donors were tested for the presence of neutralizing activity against 21 of the newly isolated ape adenoviruses. Cross‐neutralizing activity was generally low, although outliers with high neutralizing activity were frequently detected. Species B ape adenoviruses generally showed the least cross‐neutralization with antibodies present in the human sera that were tested.ConclusionsE1‐deleted adenovirus vectors can be created from a wide variety of ape adenoviruses that can be rescued and propagated in HEK 293 cells. The prevalence of pre‐existing antibodies that can neutralize these adenoviruses in human populations is low. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hydrogen isotope labelling using iridium(I) dionates
Authors: Lockley W. J. S. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe cyclooctadienyliridium(I) dionates provide an alternative ortho‐labelling approach to the more conventional iridium catalysts reviewed elsewhere in this special issue. The catalysts are utilized in DMF or DMA, removing potential problems of substrate insolubility in the solvents conventionally used for exchange labelling. Moreover, while readily prepared in a single step, the catalysts are also commercially available. In most cases recoveries are high, while the labelling achieved is both efficient and regiospecific. In addition, the reaction conditions are simple, requiring only conventional laboratory facilities and equipment. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The development and use of iridium(I) phosphine systems for ortho‐directed hydrogen‐isotope exchange
Authors: Salter Rhys 
Published: December 2010

AbstractRapid and efficient iridium‐mediated hydrogen‐tritium exchange labeling of pharmaceutical compounds is a key methodology in the life sciences industry. A review of the development and use of iridium(I) phosphine systems for ortho‐directed isotopic exchange is described to provide the reader with a comprehensive introduction to the area and to serve as a starting point for experimental investigators. Examples of useful catalyst systems and their application to different substrates types as well as potential areas for further development are discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of deuterium‐labelled drugs by hydrogen–deuterium (H–D) exchange using heterogeneous catalysis
Authors: Modutlwa Nkaelang , Maegawa Tomohiro , Monguchi Yasunari , Sajiki Hironao 
Published: December 2010

AbstractMulti‐deuterium incorporations into drugs, such as theophylline, caffeine, valpromide, phenytoin, and trimethoprim, were post‐synthetically achieved by Pd/C‐, Pt/C‐, or/and Rh/C‐catalyzed hydrogen–deuterium exchange reactions under neutral conditions using deuterium oxide as the deuterium source in the presence of hydrogen gas. The present study offers facile and convenient methods for the preparation of highly deuterated medicines, which are expected to be used as long‐lasting medicines as well as internal standards for metabolic studies and for the quantitative analyses of the parent drugs.
Tissue differentiation around a short stemmed metaphyseal loading implant employing a modified mechanoregulatory algorithm: A finite element study
Authors: Puthumanapully Pramod Kumar , Browne Martin 
Published: December 2010

AbstractShort stemmed cementless implants are being used increasingly to avoid problems associated with their long stemmed counterparts such as size, stiffness, and bulky nature, which can contribute to stress shielding, fractures, and hence loosening. They are also thought to enhance physiological loading of the femur. We performed a computational investigation of the possible tissue differentiation and bone ingrowth processes for a specific type of stemless implant using a mechanoregulatory hypothesis, with modifications to simulate tissue differentiation, and simplified loading conditions. The peak forces during stair climbing and normal walking were investigated to evaluate their influence on the process. The results were compared to clinical studies for relevance and corroboration. The majority of the tissue type formed was fibrous, occupying the proximal regions of the implant. The lateral flare design feature of the implant was predicted to enhance bone and cartilage formation in regions beneath it compared to the same design without a flare. The percentage of bone formed increased through the iterations and accounted for nearly 35% of the tissue at the end of the iterations in Gruen zones 2 and 6, replacing cartilage tissue as differentiation progressed. This agreed well with clinical data showing similar regions of bone formation and suggests that the distal regions of the implant under the lateral flare, resting in the metaphyseal region of the bone, promoted implant stability. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:787–794, 2011
Recent advances in linear and nonlinear Raman spectroscopy. Part IV
Authors: Nafie Laurence A. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe purpose of the review is to provide a concise overview of recent advances in the broadly defined field of Raman spectroscopy as reflected in part by the many articles published each year in the Journal of Raman Spectroscopy (JRS) as well as in trends across all related journals publishing in this research area. Context for the review is provided by considering statistical data on citations for the Thompson Reuters ISI Web of Science by year and by subfield of Raman spectroscopy. Additional statistics of number of papers and posters presented by category at the XXII International Conference on Raman Spectroscopy (ICORS 2010) is also provided. Papers published in JRS in 2009, as reviewed here, reflect trends at the cutting edge of Raman spectroscopy which is expanding rapidly as a sensitive photonic probe of matter at the molecular level with an ever widening sphere of novel applications. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Method development and validation for the analysis of a new anti‐cancer infusion solution via HPLC
Authors: Donnarumma Fabrizio , Schober Margot , Greilberger Joachim , Matzi Veronika , Lindenmann Jörg , Maier Alfred , Herwig Ralf , Wintersteiger Reinhold 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA fast and simple HPLC method has been developed and validated for the quantification of a completely new anti‐cancer drug during the manufacturing process. The combination of four compounds including α‐ketoglutaric acid, hydroxymethylfurfural, N‐acetyl‐L‐methionine and N‐acetyl‐L‐selenomethionine, administered intravenously, is still in test phase but has already shown promising results in cancer therapy. HPLC separation was achieved on an RP‐18 column with a gradient system. However, the highly different concentrations of the compounds required a variation in the detection wavelength within one run. In order to produce a chromatogram where peaks were comparable on a similar range scale, detection at absorption maxima for the two most concentrated components was avoided. After optimization of the gradient program it was possible to detect all four substances within 14 min in spite of their strongly different chemical structure. The method developed was validated for accuracy, repeatability, reproducibility and robustness in relation to temperature and pH of buffer. Linearity as well as the limit of detection and quantification were determined. This HPLC method was found to be precise, accurate and reproducible and can be easily used for in‐line process control during the manufacture of the anti‐tumour infusion solution.
Bedouin wives on the home front: Living with men serving in the Israel Defense Forces
Authors: Caspi Yael , Slobodin Ortal , Kammerer Nina , Enosh Guy , Shorer Shai , Klein Ehud 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThis community‐based study examined emotional and somatic symptoms of 129 Bedouin women whose husbands serve in the Israel Defense Forces. Wives of men diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) reported more symptoms than wives of men diagnosed with other disorders and wives of men with no diagnosis. Findings indicate that not only was PTSD in Bedouin servicemen positively associated with their wives' symptoms of posttraumatic stress and depression and somatic complaints, but that this relationship was fully mediated by husbands' aggression. Unraveling the special circumstances of women from traditional backgrounds faced with the devastating effects of husbands' combat‐related posttraumatic pathology may inform an approach to the concept of vicarious trauma that is more specific to non‐Western societies.
An isogeometric approach to cohesive zone modeling
Authors: Verhoosel Clemens V. , Scott Michael A. , de Borst René , Hughes Thomas J. R. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe possibility of enhancing a B‐spline basis with discontinuities by means of knot insertion makes isogeometric finite elements a suitable candidate for modeling discrete cracks. In this contribution we use isogeometric finite elements to discretize the cohesive zone formulation for failure in materials. In the case of a pre‐defined interface, non‐uniform rational B‐splines are used to obtain an efficient discretization. In the case that propagating cracks are considered, T‐splines are found to be more suitable, due to their ability to generate localized discontinuities. Various numerical simulations demonstrate the suitability of the isogeometric approach to cohesive zone modeling. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.