bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Boy with pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1a caused by GNAS gene mutation (deltaN377), Crouzon‐like craniosynostosis, and severe trauma‐induced bleeding
Authors: Graul‐Neumann Luitgard M. , Bach Alexia , Albani Michael , Ringe Hannelore , Weimann Andreas , Kress Wolfram , Hiort Olaf , Bartsch Oliver 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWe report on a 6‐month‐old boy with craniosynostosis, pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1a (PHP1A), and a GNAS gene mutation. He had synostoses of the coronal, frontal, and sagittal sutures, brachyturricephaly, and hydrocephaly. He also had congenital hypothyroidism, round face, full cheeks, shortness of limbs, mild developmental delay, and muscular hypotonia. Because of progressive hydrocephaly, the synostosis was corrected surgically but circulatory decompensation led to disseminated intravascular coagulation and cerebral infarctions. Our patient died 8 days later. Postmortem molecular studies of GNAS, the gene for guanine nucleotide‐binding protein, alpha‐stimulating activity polypeptide (gene for PHP1A), identified a de novo heterozygous 3 bp in frame deletion predicting a deletion of the asparagine residue at position 377 (deltaN377). This is the second report of this mutation. Results of molecular studies of craniosynostosis genes (FGFR2, FGFR3) and of numerous genetic variants predisposing to bleeding disorders were normal. We question whether craniosynostosis and trauma‐induced bleeding disorder may be manifestations of PHP1A, or if our patient had two or three different congenital disorders. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Primate models in women's health: inflammation and atherogenesis in female cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis)
Authors: Register Thomas C. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractFemale cynomolgus monkeys are excellent models for understanding cardiovascular disease and the relationships between inflammatory processes and conditions such as atherogenesis. This review summarizes published research findings obtained through comprehensive, multidisciplinary, multi‐investigator studies in nonhuman primates over the past two decades. These studies examined the effects of exogenous estrogens and dietary soy protein/isoflavones (IFs) on atherosclerosis, circulating biomarkers, and tissue inflammation in pre‐ and postmenopausal female cynomolgus monkeys. Inflammation may play a role in the initiation and progression of disease, be a consequence of the disease, or both. Circulating and tissue biomarkers with inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory characteristics (including adhesion molecules such as e‐selectin, VCAM‐1, and ICAM‐1, chemokines such as MCP‐1, cytokines such as interleukins, and acute phase reactants such as CRP, and others) may be useful indicators of disease status. Treatment of postmenopausal subjects with estrogen resulted in significant reductions in several key inflammatory mediators as well as atherosclerosis, while dietary IF had a more limited effect on inflammation and atherogenesis. Circulating concentrations of key inflammatory proteins, including monocyte‐chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), were associated with atherosclerosis and lesion characteristics in these animals. In premenopausal female monkeys, a diet enriched in soy protein reduced arterial inflammation as well as atherogenesis in comparison to a diet enriched in casein‐lactalbumin. Expression levels of arterial inflammation associated genes (MCP‐1, ICAM‐1) and markers for inflammatory cell types (macrophages and T cells) correlated with plaque size, were differentially influenced by treatments, and represent potential targets for interventions. Arterial expression of estrogen receptor α, the key mediator of estrogenic effects, was inversely correlated with plaque size and indices of inflammation, suggestive of an atheroprotective role. The findings provide additional evidence that circulating inflammatory markers (particularly MCP‐1) may be useful indicators of atherosclerotic disease progression and responses to treatment in female primates, and that estrogens and dietary soy may inhibit atherogenesis in part through anti‐inflammatory mechanisms. Am. J. Primatol. 71:766–775, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Migration and diversity in Roman Britain: A multidisciplinary approach to the identification of immigrants in Roman York, England
Authors: Leach Stephany , Lewis Mary , Chenery Carolyn , Müldner Gundula , Eckardt Hella 
Published: June 2009

AbstractPrevious anthropological investigations at Trentholme Drive, in Roman York identified an unusual amount of cranial variation amongst the inhabitants, with some individuals suggested as having originated from the Middle East or North Africa. The current study investigates the validity of this assessment using modern anthropological methods to assess cranial variation in two groups: The Railway and Trentholme Drive. Strontium and oxygen isotope evidence derived from the dentition of 43 of these individuals was combined with the craniometric data to provide information on possible levels of migration and the range of homelands that may be represented. The results of the craniometric analysis indicated that the majority of the York population had European origins, but that 11% of the Trentholme Drive and 12% of The Railway study samples were likely of African decent. Oxygen analysis identified four incomers, three from areas warmer than the UK and one from a cooler or more continental climate. Although based on a relatively small sample of the overall population at York, this multidisciplinary approach made it possible to identify incomers, both men and women, from across the Empire. Evidence for possible second generation migrants was also suggested. The results confirm the presence of a heterogeneous population resident in York and highlight the diversity, rather than the uniformity, of the population in Roman Britain. Am J Phys Anthropol 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Technical note: Removal of metal ion inhibition encountered during DNA extraction and amplification of copper‐preserved archaeological bone using size exclusion chromatography
Authors: Matheson Carney D. , Marion Travis E. , Hayter Shana , Esau Neal , Fratpietro Renee , Vernon Kim K. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA novel technique for the removal of metal ions inhibiting DNA extraction and PCR of archaeological bone extracts is presented using size exclusion chromatography. Two case studies, involving copper inhibition, demonstrate the effective removal of metal ion inhibition. Light microscopy, SEM, elemental analysis, and genetic analysis were used to demonstrate the effective removal of metal ions from samples that previously exhibited molecular inhibition. This research identifies that copper can cause inhibition of DNA polymerase during DNA amplification. The use of size exclusion chromatography as an additional purification step before DNA amplification from degraded bone samples successfully removes metal ions and other inhibitors, for the analysis of archaeological bone. The biochemistry of inhibition is explored through chemical and enzymatic extraction methodology on archaeological material. We demonstrate a simple purification technique that provides a high yield of purified DNA (>95%) that can be used to address most types of inhibition commonly associated with the analysis of degraded archaeological and forensic samples. We present a new opportunity for the molecular analysis of archaeological samples preserved in the presence of metal ions, such as copper, which have previously yielded no DNA results. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Activation of Hydrogen by Palladium(0): Formation of the Mononuclear Dihydride Complextrans‐[Pd(H)2(IPr)(PCy3)]
Authors: Fantasia Serena , Egbert Jonathan D. , Jurčík Václav , Cazin Catherine S. J. , Jacobsen Heiko , Cavallo Luigi , Heinekey D. Michael , Nolan Steven P. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractGleichmäßiger Schnitt: Im scharfen Widerspruch zum üblichen Verhalten von Pd0‐Komplexen vermag [Pd(IPr)(PCy3)] die H‐H‐Bindung zu aktivieren. Das entstehendetrans‐[Pd(H)2(IPr)(PCy3)] ist der erste isolierte einkernige Dihydridopalladiumkomplex (siehe Schema). Seine Bildung wird durch NMR‐Spektroskopie, Dichtefunktionalrechnungen und Röntgenstrukturanalyse bestätigt. Stabilität und Reaktivität dieser neuen Spezies werden untersucht.magnified image
Hydrogen‐Bonding Catalysts Based on Fluorinated Alcohol Derivatives for Living Polymerization
Authors: Coulembier Olivier , Sanders Daniel P. , Nelson Alshakim , Hollenbeck Andrew N. , Horn Hans W. , Rice Julia E. , Fujiwara Masaki , Dubois Philippe , Hedrick James L. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractVerwechslung ausgeschlossen: Ein Wasserstoffbrückenmotiv, das auf hexafluorierten Alkoholfunktionen beruht (siehe Bild; rot O, gelb F), aktiviert elektrophile Substrate. Die katalytische Aktivität des Systems wurde an der Ringöffnungspolymerisation einer Vielzahl gespannter Heterocyclen demonstriert. Polymere mit vorhersagbarem Molekulargewicht, niedriger Polydispersität und verlässlichen Endgruppen wurden erhalten.magnified image
Catalytic Microcapsules Assembled from Enzyme–Nanoparticle Conjugates at Oil–Water Interfaces
Authors: Samanta Bappaditya , Yang Xiao‐Chao , Ofir Yuval , Park Myoung‐Hawn , Patra Debabrata , Agasti Sarit S. , Miranda Oscar R. , Mo Zhi‐Hong , Rotello Vincent M. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractUnfreiwillige Zusammenkunft: Anionische β‐Galactosidase‐Enzyme assoziieren mit positiv geladenen Au‐Nanopartikeln zu schwach geladenen Konjugaten, die wiederum an Öl‐Wasser‐Grenzflächen zu stabilen Mikrokapseln aggregieren (siehe Bild). Die Mikrokapseln entstehen sehr rasch und zeigen hohe enzymatische Aktivitäten, was sie zu vielversprechenden Materialien für biotechnologische Anwendungen macht.magnified image
Loading of Exponentially Grown LBL Films with Silver Nanoparticles and Their Application to Generalized SERS Detection
Authors: Abalde‐Cela Sara , Ho Szushen , Rodríguez‐González Benito , Correa‐Duarte Miguel A. , Álvarez‐Puebla Ramón A. , Liz‐Marzán Luis M. , Kotov Nicholas A. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractFilmvorstellung: Dünne Filme, die durch exponentielles Schichtenwachstum erzeugt wurden, zeigen hohe Diffusivitäten und lassen sich leicht mit anorganischen Nanopartikeln infiltrieren. Die Filme können molekulare Systeme abhängig von der Schichtzusammensetzung aus Lösungen sequestrieren und liefern oberflächenverstärkte Raman‐Signale (SERS) mit hoher Intensität (siehe Bild).magnified image
Macrocyclization by Nickel‐Catalyzed, Ester‐Promoted, Epoxide–Alkyne Reductive Coupling: Total Synthesis of (−)‐Gloeosporone
Authors: Trenkle James D. , Jamison Timothy F. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIm Zentrum der Totalsynthese der Titelverbindung steht eine neuartige Strategie, bei der mithilfe von Triethylboran und einem Nickel(0)‐Phosphan‐Komplex effizient ein 14‐gliedriger Ring geschlossen wird (siehe Schema; cod=Cyclooctadien). Die Synthese verläuft über zehn Stufen in ca. 9 % Gesamtausbeute.magnified image
Fluorescence Logic‐Signal‐Based Multiplex Detection of Nucleases with the Assembly of a Cationic Conjugated Polymer and Branched DNA
Authors: Feng Xuli , Duan Xinrui , Liu Libing , Feng Fude , Wang Shu , Li Yuliang , Zhu Daoben 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAn energy‐transfer cascade is generated from a cationic conjugated polymer (PFP) and negatively charged, Y‐shaped DNA labeled with three dyes at its termini (fluorescein (Fl), Tex Red, and Cy5). Multistep fluorescence resonance energy transfer regulates the fluorescence intensities of PFP and the dyes. Different types of logic gates can be operated by observing the emission wavelengths of different dyes with multiplex nucleases as inputs.magnified image
Macrocyclization by Nickel‐Catalyzed, Ester‐Promoted, Epoxide–Alkyne Reductive Coupling: Total Synthesis of (−)‐Gloeosporone
Authors: Trenkle James D. , Jamison Timothy F. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractRinging the changes: The total synthesis of the title compound centers around a novel strategy that employs a nickel(0)–phosphine complex and triethyl borane in an efficient closure of a 14‐membered ring through CC bond formation (see scheme; cod=cyclooctadiene). The synthesis was accomplished in 10 steps and in approximately 9 % overall yield.magnified image
Cover Picture: Polyketide‐Chain Branching by an Enzymatic Michael Addition (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 27/2009)
Authors: Kusebauch Björn , Busch Benjamin , Scherlach Kirstin , Roth Martin , Hertweck Christian 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe fungus Rhizopus microsporus …︁; shown in the micrograph on the cover picture, harbors the endosymbiotic bacteria Burkholderia rhizoxinica that produces the antimitotic polyketide macrolide rhizoxin (see structure). In their Communication on page 5001 ff., C. Hertweck and co‐workers show that the enzyme rhizoxin polyketide synthase is uniquely capable of introducing a β branch (highlighted by the magnifying glass) by a Michael‐type addition of a malonyl unit to an acryloyl intermediate.magnified image
Inside Cover: A Spherical Molecule with a Carbon‐Free Ih‐C80 Topological Framework (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 27/2009)
Authors: Scheer Manfred , Schindler Andrea , Gröger Christian , Virovets Alexander V. , Peresypkina Eugenia V. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractTemplate‐controlled self‐assembly of discrete molecular pentaphosphaferrocene and CuCl units was used to form the first entirely carbon‐free molecule that has C80 topology and encapsulates a carborane unit. In their Communication on page 5046 ff., M. Scheer and co‐workers report the synthesis and characterization of this impressive supramolecular compound, which displays an electronic interaction between the carborane and the spherical host molecule. C blue, Fe olive, P pink, Cl green, C gray, B/C orange, H white.magnified image
Resiliency of silicone o‐rings
Authors: Katzman Howard A. , Ross Franklin D. , Valenzuela Pierre R. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe recovery of silicone o‐rings after 23% compression at room temperature (22°C) was determined. Two sets of experiments were performed. To determine the effect of temperature on resiliency, the recovery of o‐rings that had been compressed for 24 h at room temperature was measured at both 22°C and −7°C. To determine the effect of storage under compression on resiliency, the recovery at 22°C of o‐rings compressed at room temperature for 6 months or 1 year was compared with those compressed for 24 h. In addition, the effect of a silicone lubricant on the recovery of the o‐rings was determined. The initial room temperature recovery of silicone o‐rings after being compressed for 6 months is somewhat slower than those compressed for 24 h. There is very little change in the recovery of the o‐rings compressed for 1 year compared with those compressed for 6 months. Recovery after 24 h of compression is slower at −7°C than at 22°C. Silicone oil lubricant appears to aid recovery after 24 h of compression but has little effect after 6 months or 1 year of compression. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Effect of poly(ethylene oxide)‐ poly(ethylene glycol) addition on actuation behavior of cellulose electroactive paper
Authors: Mahadeva Suresha K. , Kim Jaehwan , Kang Kwang Sun , Kim Heung Soo , Park Joung Man 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis article reports the influence of poly(ethylene oxide)‐ poly(ethylene glycol) (PEO‐PEG) addition on its actuation behavior of cellulose electroactive paper. The actuator showed its maximum bending displacement of 5.0 mm with very low electrical power consumption (7 mW/mm) at an ambient condition. Increased displacement output and decreased electrical power consumption of the actuator might be due to the improved polymer chain flexibility and ion mobility. The ion migration effect might play a more important role in actuation principle. Present investigation reveals that cellulose/PEO‐PEG‐based EAPap actuators are suitable to construct an actuator working at normal ambient condition. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Preparation and characterization of improved microspheres containing bovine serum albumin
Authors: Li Fan , Tian Feng , Liu Chang‐Jun , Zhao Yong‐Liang 
Published: June 2009

AbstractMicrospheres containing bovine serum albumin (BSA, a model drug) were prepared via double emulsion solvent evaporation using the compound of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the matrix. Influences of introduction of BSA and wall polymer composition on BSA‐PHB/PEG microspheres characteristics were studied by means of DSC, XRD, optical microscope (OM), SEM, FTIR, etc. The crystallinity of PHB dropped when PEG was brought in the compound, and it decreased with the increasing proportion of PEG. BSA‐PHB/PEG microspheres had still lower crystallinity than PHB/PEG compound and raw materials. The yield and protein loading of the microspheres reached 36.1% and 12.2%, respectively, at the optimum mass ratio, m(PHB) : m(PEG) = 4/1. FTIR results confirmed the existence of BSA in the microspheres and revealed the absence of chemical interaction between BSA and polymers. It was found that the mass ratio of PHB to PEG had direct effect on the size distribution, surface morphologies, and microstructure of microspheres. The mean particle size of microspheres ranged between 2.9 and 5.0 μm measured by optical microscopy, depending on the different proportion of PEG. The results from the OM observations combined with SEM micrographs showed that PHB/PEG microspheres were likely to have porous surface and a structure of microspheres embeded. The controlled release characteristics of the microspheres for BSA were investigated in pH 7.4 media, and the result indicated that the BSA‐PHB/PEG microspheres had a quicker release rate and a higher accumulative release amount than BSA‐PHB microspheres, which showed the feasibility and superiority of BSA‐PHB/PEG microspheres as controlled release devices. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Synthesis of thermoreactive polysiloxanes with cyclic fragments in the side chain
Authors: Mukbaniani Omari , Tatrishvili Tamara , Titvinidze Giorgi , Patsatsia Sopho 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe synthesis of polysiloxanes with pendant unsaturated cyclic fragments have been successfully performed by hydrosilylation reactions of polymethylhydrosiloxane with 4‐vinyl‐1‐cyclohexene in the presence of platinum hydrochloric acid (0.1 M solution in THF), Karstedt's catalyst (Pt2[(VinSiMe2)2O]3) and platinum on the charcoal (5%). Reactions were carried out at various temperatures with different ratios of initial compounds. It was shown, that not all active ≡SiH groups take part in the hydrosilylation reaction. Some kinetic parameters of reactions were studied. The synthesized oligomers were characterized by FTIR, 1H, 13C, H,H‐COSY, and C,H‐correlation NMR spectroscopy. Calculations using the quantum‐chemical semi empirical AM1 method for modeling reactions between methyldimethoxysilane [Me(MeO)2SiH] and 4‐vinyl‐1‐cyclohexene were performed to evaluate possible reaction paths. Synthesized oligomers were characterized by gel‐permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetric, thermogravimetric, and wide‐angle X‐ray analyses. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Habitat selection and sampling design for ecological assessment of heterogeneous ponds using macroinvertebrates
Authors: Trigal‐Domínguez Cristina , Fernández‐Aláez Camino , García‐Criado Francisco 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
Habitat heterogeneity has many implications in ecological assessment studies. On one hand it provides varying niches for organisms, increasing diversity. On the other hand, the inherent spatial variability of structurally complex systems may overlap with ecological condition making it difficult to disentangle the effects of perturbation. This study investigated the combined and single effects of habitat and pond condition on the macroinvertebrate assemblages of 35 ponds located in north‐west Spain and spanning a range of water quality and habitat characteristics.
Macroinvertebrate communities and several environmental variables were sampled in the summer of 2004 or 2003. Samples were collected from four dominant habitats (vegetated shores, shores without vegetation, submerged vegetation, bare sediments) following a time‐limited sampling. Non‐metric multidimensional scaling and two‐way crossed ANOSIM were used to investigate the taxonomic and functional differences in macroinvertebrate assemblage structure among habitats (four types) and pond conditions (optimal, good, moderate, poor, very poor). To investigate the individual and combined effects of pond condition and habitat on several diversity measures GLM models were used. In addition, the accuracy of two sampling designs — stratified and multihabitat — was compared using the CVs of seven macroinvertebrate attributes.
Results showed that macroinvertebrate communities differed significantly, albeit weakly, among habitat types and pond condition categories. In particular, the abundance of several Chironomidae genera, rarefied richness and Shannon index decreased both in perturbed systems and bare sediments, whereas no marked differences occurred between shores and submerged vegetation.
We suggest that a multihabitat approach together with the use of community attributes not (or slightly) affected by habitat type will provide more comparable results across ponds than a stratified approach or observation of the whole community, especially in ponds where degradation leads to habitat loss.Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparative Analysis of Paw Pad Structure in the Clouded Leopard (Neofelis nebulosa) and Domestic Cat (Felis catus)
Authors: Hubbard Chris , Naples Virginia , Ross Erin , Carlon Burcu 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe Clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa) is a medium‐sized highly arboreal cat. This study compares the structure of the digital, metacarpal and metatarsal pads of the manus and pes in N. nebulosa to that of the domestic cat (Felis catus). Covered by a stratified squamous cornified epithelium, the pads have a supple deposit of subepidermal fat that is partitioned by collagen fibers and extensively anchored to the muscle tendon sheaths. In both animals, a pes metatarsal pad suspensory ligament originates from the Mm. flexores digitorum profundi tendon and forms 3–4 small branches that project through the dermal fat layer and attach to the pad epidermis. In the cat manus, four tendons of equal size extend from the M. flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) to form the manica flexoria in digits 2–4 from which extends a metacarpal pad suspensory ligament (MPSL) on digits 2 and 5 that extends into the tela subcutanea and epidermis. On digits 3 and 4 MPSL extends directly from the FDS tendon itself. In contrast, manus FDS tendons 1 and 5 in N. nebulosa were thin and either project directly to the tela subcutanea (tendon 1) or connect with the manica flexoria forming a metacarpal pad suspensory ligament (tendon 5). Tendons 2–4 connect with the manica flexoria from which MPSL project into the tela subcutanea and epidermis. In both species, the suspensory ligaments may serve to contract the pad to conform to the under lying substrate, thus enhancing the animal's ability to grip branches while climbing. Anat Rec, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preparation and in‐vitro Evaluation of 4‐Benzylsulfanylpyridine‐2‐carbohydrazides as Potential Antituberculosis Agents
Authors: Herzigová Petra , Klimešová Vera , Palát Karel , Kaustová Jarmila , Dahse Hans‐Martin , Möllmann Ute 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA set of 4‐benzylsulfanylpyridine‐2‐carbohydrazides was synthesized and evaluated for in vitro antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, non‐tuberculous mycobacteria, and multidrug‐resistant M. tuberculosis. The activities expressed as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) fall into a range of 2 to 125 μmol/L, most often 4 to 32 μmol/L. The results revealed that the substituents on the benzyl moiety do not influence the antimycobacterial efficacy. The substances exhibited similar activities against sensitive and resistant strains of M. tuberculosis. Furthermore, compounds show low antiproliferative effect and cytotoxicity.