bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One Aspirational Future for India's Higher-Education Sector
Authors: Khanna Tarun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Several recent encouraging experiments in Indian higher education suggest a plausible aspirational path toward a more salubrious future than that suggested by an otherwise struggling system. Four case studies of privately conceived and funded universities each exhibit a novel model of collective philanthropy. Typically, each case features multiple entrepreneurs with self-created “new” wealth, often with exposure to Western liberal arts educations, sharing in the university's governance. The university is not hostage to the vagaries of a single family's preferences. Encouragingly, each experiment here has built on its predecessors, and an entrepreneurial ecosystem has emerged that has privileged pedagogical excellence. However, formal research still lags. It remains to be seen whether the latter lacunae can be remedied without concerted public funding that is the norm in Western educational landscapes.
The Rise of University Colleges in Europe: A New Future for Liberal Arts & Sciences in the Twenty-First Century?
Authors: van der Wende Marijk C. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Starting in the late 1990s, there has been a noticeable increase in the number of liberal arts and science colleges in the Netherlands. Primarily international and often residential colleges, they became the selective or honors branches of virtually all Dutch research universities. Why did they emerge then and there? How can this innovation be characterized and understood in the context of the Dutch higher-education landscape of the time? And why did the model become more popular in the Netherlands than throughout the rest of Europe? The model benefits from being embedded in strong research universities, and having ample financial support and autonomy. Yet their future success will depend on their ability to uphold their liberal values and mission, throughout illiberal storms hitting the continent and against internal threats to academic freedom.
The Pandora's Box of Fudan Hungary
Authors: Révész Ágota 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A Chinese university opening a campus in the so-called “West” for the first time would have been a major advancement in the globalizing strategy of Chinese higher education. Yet the case of Fudan University opening its first European campus in Hungary seems to have contained several pitfalls from the start. This essay highlights some of them, such as the effects of a Cold War context on national higher-education strategies and the uncertain future of internationalization in higher education. The way the discourse around the university developed proved to be a Pandora's box unleashing woes: it showed that efforts to globalize higher education have become subordinate to geopolitical considerations and are regarded as questions of national loyalty, particularly in states involved in a growing resurgence of Cold War-type coalitions.
Imagination in Experiences of Visual Art: An Investigation in Phenomenological Psychology
Authors: Essom-Stenz Anders , Roald Tone 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this article, we demonstrate empirically that imagination is fundamental in experiences of visual art. We do so through phenomenological interviews and analysis in dialogue with works of the phenomenologists Mikel Dufrenne, Edmund Husserl and Maurice Merleau-Ponty. We challenge Dufrenne’s delimiting of imagination to a pre-reflective power of synthesis, and argue in favor of a more comprehensive psychological understanding of imagination, which encompasses psychological differences in actual lived experience. Our analysis shows how imagination is necessarily part of experiences with visual art, as it provides ways of exploring and unfolding the expressions of the work of art. Such experiences are therefore characterized by a close relation between imagination and perception, as well as an affective lining which belongs to our imaginings.
Evaluation and treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients taking anticoagulants presenting to the emergency department
Authors: Singer Adam J. , Abraham Neena S. , Ganti Latha , Peacock W. Frank , Dark Janaé , Ishaq Hajirah , Negrete Ana , Mount Brandon , Neuenschwander James 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis manuscript is a consensus document of an expert panel on the Evaluation and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients Taking Anticoagulants Presenting to the Emergency Department, sponsored by the American College of Emergency Physicians.
The performance of homopolymer detection using dichromatic and tetrachromatic fluorogenic next-generation sequencing platforms
Authors: Chen HuiJuan , Wang Bing , Cai LiLi , Zhang YiRan , Shu YingShuang , Liu Wen , Leng Xue , Zhai JinCheng , Niu BeiFang , Zhou QiMing , Cao ShuNan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Homopolymer (HP) sequencing is error-prone in next-generation sequencing (NGS) assays, and may induce false insertion/deletions and substitutions. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of dichromatic and tetrachromatic fluorogenic NGS platforms when sequencing homopolymeric regions.

Results
A HP-containing plasmid was constructed and diluted to serial frequencies (3%, 10%, 30%, 60%) to determine the performance of an MGISEQ-2000, MGISEQ-200, and NextSeq 2000 in HP sequencing. An evident negative correlation was observed between the detected frequencies of four nucleotide HPs and the HP length. Significantly decreased rates (P < 0.01) were found in all 8-mer HPs in all three NGS systems at all four expected frequencies, except in the NextSeq 2000 at 3%. With the application of a unique molecular identifier (UMI) pipeline, there were no differences between the detected frequencies of any HPs and the expected frequencies, except for poly-G 8-mers using the MGI 200 platform. UMIs improved the performance of all three NGS platforms in HP sequencing.

Conclusions
We first constructed an HP-containing plasmid based on an EGFR gene backbone to evaluate the performance of NGS platforms when sequencing homopolymeric regions. A highly comparable performance was observed between the MGISEQ-2000 and NextSeq 2000, and introducing UMIs is a promising approach to improve the performance of NGS platforms in sequencing homopolymeric regions.
Current status of electronic health literacy among pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and their perceptions of online health information: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Xu Jingqi , Chen Yujia , Zhao Jing , Wang Jiarun , Chen Jianfei , Pan Xinlong , Zhang Wei , Zheng Jin , Zou Zhijie , Chen Xiaoli , Zhang Yingzi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus often rely on internet-based health information for managing their condition. This study aims to investigate the present state of electronic health literacy among women with gestational diabetes mellitus, analyze the influencing factors, and explore their experiences regarding accessing, comprehending, evaluating, and applying online health information pertinent to gestational diabetes mellitus.

Methods
A sequential explanatory mixed methods research design was adopted in this study. Initially, 235 women with gestational diabetes mellitus participated in a cross-sectional survey. The research tools included general information and the Chinese version of the electronic Health Literacy Scale (eHEALS). Descriptive analyses were conducted to describe the characteristics of the sample, and multiple linear regression analyses were used to explore the factors influencing electronic health literacy among women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Secondly, 11 women with gestational diabetes mellitus joined semi-structured in-depth interviews to obtain their perceptions about online health information. The data were analyzed using inductive content analysis to develop themes.

Results
The median score of eHEALS in the Chinese version among 235 women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus was 29 (interquartile range [IQR], 26 to 32). Factors influencing electronic health literacy among these women included accessing health information from medical professionals (β = 0.137, p = 0.029) and utilizing health information from applications (β = 0.159, p = 0.013). From the qualitative phase of the study, four thematic categories emerged: reasons and basis for accessing health information from the Internet; address barriers to accessing and applying online health information; desires for a higher level of online health information services; outcomes of accessing and applying online health information.

Conclusion
The electronic health literacy of women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus remains suboptimal and warrants improvement. The sources of access to health information affect electronic health literacy in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Moreover, women facing gestational diabetes encounter numerous impediments when attempting to access health-related information online, underscoring the necessity for enhanced online health information services to meet their needs.
Effects of different doses of intranasal dexmedetomidine on related complications and parents’ satisfaction in anesthetized children: a systematic review
Authors: Hu Wei , Wang Ming , Sun Fei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Agitation/delirium is commonly seen in children after anesthesia, and a proper dose of dexmedetomidine can prevent this complication. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different doses of Dexmedetomidine (DEX) on agitation/delirium and other complications in anesthetized children, providing clinical evidence for dose recommendations of DEX.

Methods
This study was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). A systematic search was conducted in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE. Two independent researchers performed literature screening, data extraction, and assessed the methodological quality. Data analysis was conducted using R and STATA 16.0.

Results
In the final analysis, 20 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 2521 children were included. The results showed that in comparison to normal saline, 1 µg/kg, 1.5 µg/kg, and 2 µg/kg intranasal DEX significantly reduced the incidence of post-anesthetic emergence agitation in children with the most effective dose being 2 µg/kg (SUCRA = 0.91). Compared with normal saline, 1 µg/kg, 1.5 µg/kg, and 2 µg/kg intranasal DEX reduced patient’s need for postoperative analgesia, with the most effective dose being 1.5 µg/kg (SUCRA = 0.78). However, 1 µg/kg DEX performed the best in reducing Pediatric Anaesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) Scale score (SUCRA = 0.88).

Conclusion
Compared with normal saline, intranasal administration of 2 µg/kg DEX and 1.5 µg/kg DEX are the optimal doses to reduce the incidence of agitation and the need for postoperative pain relief in children under general anesthesia. Given effectiveness and safety, intranasal use of 1 µg/kg DEX appears to be the most effective dosage for anesthetized children.
A qualitative study on inner experience of self-management behavior among elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in rural areas
Authors: Zhang Zi-chen , Du Qiu-hui , Jia Hong-hong , Li Yu-min , Liu Yu-qin , Li Shao-bo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
As a chronic metabolic disease, diabetes poses a serious threat to human health and has become a major public health problem in China and worldwide. In 2020, 30% of Chinese people (aged ≥ 60 years) reported having diabetes mellitus. Moreover, individuals with diabetes living in rural areas face a significantly higher mortality risk compared to those in urban areas. In this study, we explored the inner experience of self-management behaviors in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in rural areas to inform targeted interventions.

Methods
A phenomenological research design was used to explore the inner experience of self-management in rural elderly diabetes. Ten elderly diabetic patients were sampled from December 2022 to March 2023 in rural areas of Yangcheng County, Jincheng City, ShanXi Province, China. The seven-step Colaizzi phenomenological was used to analyze the interview data and generate themes.

Results
Four themes emerged: “Insufficient self-management cognition”, “Negative self-management attitude”, “Slack self-management behavior”, and “No time for self-management”.

Conclusion
The level of self-management among elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in rural areas is low. Healthcare professionals should develop targeted interventions aimed at enhancing their cognitive levels, modifying their coping styles, and improving their self-management abilities to improve their quality of life.
Perceptions and experience of rural older people in oral health management in China: a qualitative study
Authors: An Ran , Jiang Guanghua , Wu Zitong , Liu Meizi , Sohaib Muhammad , Chen Wenfeng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
To explore the perceptions and experience of oral health management among rural older people in China.

Methods
Qualitative methodologies were used in this study. Face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted. Thirteen older adults in rural areas were purposively sampled at two metropolitan hospitals in Hunan, China. The data were transcribed and thematically analyzed, and MAXQDA software was used to assist with coding.

Results
Three overarching major themes and ten sub‑themes capturing the perceptions and experience of oral health management among rural older people were identified. Three themes emerged from the thematic analysis: oral health cognitive bias, poor management behaviors, and limited oral health services. Oral health management as a whole is negative, oral health behaviors are poor, oral health service utilization is limited.

Conclusions
Based on these findings, there is great scope here for improving the current status of oral health for rural older people around awareness, behavior, and access. Oral health education, improved oral health services and primary oral health promotion are warranted.
Prevalence and risk indicators of early childhood caries among toddlers in Caloocan City, Philippines: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Oliveros-Villarico Maritess , Pungchanchaikul Patimaporn , Watthanasaen Supatra , Chaichit Rajda , Pitiphat Waranuch 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundLimited published data exist on early childhood caries (ECC) among children 2 years old and below. The study aimed to determine ECC prevalence and its association with socio-demographic indicators, feeding practices and oral health behaviours among children aged 2 years and below in the Philippines.MethodsA cross-sectional study observed young children aged 4–24 months in primary health centers. Each child’s caregiver was interviewed and dental examinations were done on every child by one calibrated dentist using the ICDAS. Poisson regression using robust variance estimator analysis identified significant variables associated with ECC.ResultsSeven hundred three healthy children were observed at a mean age of 13.3 ± 2.4 months. ECC prevalence was 29.2% (95% confidence interval: 26.0–32.7) among toddlers who showed a mean number of 6.7 ± 3.1 erupted teeth. Multiple regression revealed that child’s age (prevalence ratio, PR = 1.07), caregiver’s educational level (PR = 1.43), continued breastfeeding (PR = 1.36), frequent eating (PR = 1.24), visible plaque observed by the caregiver (PR = 1.34) and in the oral examination (PR = 2.90) were significant to ECC prevalence.ConclusionsECC is alarmingly prevalent in toddlers, marked by early onset and untreated decay. Prioritizing preventive measures in the first two years of life is crucial for understanding dietary impacts and promoting oral hygiene.
Overdose responses among rural people who use drugs: A multi-regional qualitative study
Authors: Baker Robin , Fredericksen Rob J , Rudolph Abby E , Stopka Thomas J , Walters Suzan M , Fadanelli Monica , Bolinski Rebecca S , Sibley Adams L , Stack Erin , Crane Heidi M , Korthuis P Todd , Seal David W 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Efforts to distribute naloxone have equipped more people with the ability to reverse opioid overdoses but people who use drugs are often reluctant to call 911 due to concerns for legal repercussions. Rural communities face unique challenges in reducing overdose deaths compared to urban communities, including limited access to harm reduction services as well as greater concerns about stigma and privacy.

Methods
The Rural Opioid Initiative was funded in 2017 to better understand the health-related harms associated with the opioid crisis in rural US communities and consists of eight studies spanning ten states and 65 counties. Each study conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with people who use drugs to understand contextual factors influencing drug use and health behaviors. We analyzed qualitative data from seven studies with data available at the time of analysis to understand peer response to overdose.

Results
Of the 304 participants interviewed, 55% were men, 70% were white, 80% reported current injection drug use, and 60% reported methamphetamine use. Similar to what has been found in studies focused on urban settings, people who use drugs in rural communities use a range of strategies to reverse overdoses, including non-evidence-based approaches. Several reported that multiple doses of naloxone are needed to reverse overdose. Three themes emerged around the willingness to call 911, including (1) hesitancy to call 911 for fear of legal consequences, (2) negative perceptions or experiences with law enforcement officers, and (3) efforts to obtain medical intervention while avoiding identification/law enforcement involvement.

Conclusion
People who use drugs employ multiple strategies to attempt overdose reversal, including non-evidence-based approaches. Greater education about the most effective and least harmful strategies is needed. Reluctance to call 911 is rooted in concerns about potential legal consequences as well as perceptions about law enforcement officers, which may be heightened in rural communities where people who use drugs are more easily identified by law enforcement. People who use drugs will go to great strides to connect their peers to needed medical services, suggesting that comprehensive interventions to reduce interactions with law enforcement officers and eliminate legal consequences for reporting overdoses are critical.
Deep learning-based automatic measurement system for patellar height: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Liu Zeyu , Wu Jiangjiang , Gao Xu , Qin Zhipeng , Tian Run , Wang Chunsheng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The patellar height index is important; however, the measurement procedures are time-consuming and prone to significant variability among and within observers. We developed a deep learning-based automatic measurement system for the patellar height and evaluated its performance and generalization ability to accurately measure the patellar height index.

Methods
We developed a dataset containing 3,923 lateral knee X-ray images. Notably, all X-ray images were from three tertiary level A hospitals, and 2,341 cases were included in the analysis after screening. By manually labeling key points, the model was trained using the residual network (ResNet) and high-resolution network (HRNet) for human pose estimation architectures to measure the patellar height index. Various data enhancement techniques were used to enhance the robustness of the model. The root mean square error (RMSE), object keypoint similarity (OKS), and percentage of correct keypoint (PCK) metrics were used to evaluate the training results. In addition, we used the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to assess the consistency between manual and automatic measurements.

Results
The HRNet model performed excellently in keypoint detection tasks by comparing different deep learning models. Furthermore, the pose_hrnet_w48 model was particularly outstanding in the RMSE, OKS, and PCK metrics, and the Insall–Salvati index (ISI) automatically calculated by this model was also highly consistent with the manual measurements (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC], 0.809–0.885). This evidence demonstrates the accuracy and generalizability of this deep learning system in practical applications.

Conclusion
We successfully developed a deep learning-based automatic measurement system for the patellar height. The system demonstrated accuracy comparable to that of experienced radiologists and a strong generalizability across different datasets. It provides an essential tool for assessing and treating knee diseases early and monitoring and rehabilitation after knee surgery. Due to the potential bias in the selection of datasets in this study, different datasets should be examined in the future to optimize the model so that it can be reliably applied in clinical practice.

Trial registration
The study was registered at the Medical Research Registration and Filing Information System (medicalresearch.org.cn) MR-61-23-013065. Date of registration: May 04, 2023 (retrospectively registered).
Treatment of late left bronchopleural fistula after left pneumonectomy through right thoracic approach assisted by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Li Wenhao , Liu Kejun , Liao Xiaozu , Li Binfei , Liang Yi , Huang Weizhao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is a rare but fatal complication after pneumonectomy. When a BPF occurs late (weeks to years postoperatively), direct resealing of the bronchial stump through the primary thoracic approach is challenging due to the risks of fibrothorax and injury to the pulmonary artery stump, and the surgical outcome is generally poor. Here, we report a case of late left BPF following left pneumonectomy successfully treated using a right thoracic approach assisted by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

Case presentation
We report the case of a 57-year-old male patient who underwent left lower and left upper lobectomy, respectively, for heterochronic double primary lung cancer. A left BPF was diagnosed at the 22nd month postoperatively, and conservative treatment was ineffective. Finally, the left BPF was cured by minimally invasive BPF closure surgery via the right thoracic approach with the support of veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO).

Conclusions
Advanced BPF following left pneumonectomy can be achieved with an individualized treatment plan, and the right thoracic approach assisted by ECMO is a relatively simple and effective method, which could be considered as an additional treatment option for similar patients.