bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency of cells expressing CD44, a Head and Neck cancer stem cell marker: Correlation with tumor aggressiveness
Authors: Joshua Benzion , Kaplan Michael J. , Doweck Ilana , Pai Reetesh , Weissman Irving L. , Prince Mark E. , Ailles Laurie E. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBackgroundWe previously identified by flow cytometry a Lineage‐CD44+ (Lin‐CD44+) subpopulation of cells with cancer stem cell properties in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We now correlate clinical and histologic factors with Lin‐CD44+ cell frequency.MethodsThe study included 31 patients with HNSCC, of whom 87% had stage IV disease. The frequency of Lin‐CD44+ cells and the success of xenografting patient tumors in mice were correlated with clinical and pathologic data.ResultsThe mean frequency of Lin‐CD44+ cells was 25% (0.4%–81%). It was 36% in patients who had recurrence versus 15% for those without recurrence (p = .04). Successful xenograft implantation occurred in 53%. Seventy‐five percent of patients with successful xenografts had recurrence versus 21% of patients with unsuccessful xenografts (p = .003).ConclusionsSuccessful xenograft implantation and a high frequency of Lin‐CD44+ cells correlate with known poor prognostic factors such as advanced T classification and recurrence. These findings may support the stem cell concept in HNSCC. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Effectiveness of narrow band imaging in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma after treatment
Authors: Chu Pen‐Yuan , Tsai Tung‐Lung , Tai Shyh‐Kuan , Chang Shyue‐Yih 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBackgroundWe evaluated the effectiveness of narrow band imaging (NBI) in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) after treatment.MethodsIn all, 101 consecutive OSCC patients underwent NBI examination for posttreatment follow‐up. Four patients had local recurrence. Twenty‐six second primary malignancies were found in 18 patients; 6 patients (33%) had more than 1 lesion. Seventeen lesions (65%) were carcinoma in situ or severe dysplasia. Most of them occurred in the oral cavity (77%).ResultsA higher incidence (18% vs 9%, p = .037) and less‐advanced stage (4% vs 37%, p = .0005) of second primary malignancies were found among the NBI group compared with a previous cohort without NBI examination, and fewer patients needed postoperative adjuvant therapy (12% vs 50%, p = .0005).ConclusionsNBI is an effective method to identify early lesions in the head and neck area, especially the oral cavity, among patients with OSCC after treatment. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Inhibition of placental growth factor activity reduces the severity of fibrosis, inflammation, and portal hypertension in cirrhotic mice
Authors: Steenkiste Christophe Van , Ribera Jordi , Geerts Anja , Pauta Montse , Tugues Sònia , Casteleyn Christophe , Libbrecht Louis , Olievier Kim , Schroyen Ben , Reynaert Hendrik , van Grunsven Leo A. , Blomme Bram , Coulon Stephanie , Heindryckx Femke , De Vos Martine , Stassen Jean Marie , Vinckier Stefan , Altamirano Jose , Bataller Ramón , Carmeliet Peter , Van Vlierberghe Hans , Colle Isabelle , Morales-Ruiz Manuel 
Published: February 2011

Abstract

Placental growth factor (PlGF) is associated selectively with pathological angiogenesis, and PlGF blockade does not affect the healthy vasculature. Anti-PlGF is therefore currently being clinically evaluated for the treatment of cancer patients. In cirrhosis, hepatic fibrogenesis is accompanied by extensive angiogenesis. In this paper, we evaluated the pathophysiological role of PlGF and the therapeutic potential of anti-PlGF in liver cirrhosis. PlGF was significantly up-regulated in the CCl4-induced rodent model of liver cirrhosis as well as in cirrhotic patients. Compared with wild-type animals, cirrhotic PlGF−/− mice showed a significant reduction in angiogenesis, arteriogenesis, inflammation, fibrosis, and portal hypertension. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition with anti-PlGF antibodies yielded similar results as genetic loss of PlGF. Notably, PlGF treatment of activated hepatic stellate cells induced sustained extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 phosphorylation, as well as chemotaxis and proliferation, indicating a previously unrecognized profibrogenic role of PlGF. Conclusion: PlGF is a disease-candidate gene in liver cirrhosis, and inhibition of PlGF offers a therapeutic alternative with an attractive safety profile. (Hepatology 2011;)
Wnt10b activates the wnt, notch, and NFκB pathways in u2os osteosarcoma cells
Authors: Mödder Ulrike I. , Oursler Merry Jo , Khosla Sundeep , Monroe David G. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractAlthough osteosarcoma represents the most common bone malignancy, the molecular and cellular mechanisms influencing its pathogenesis have remained elusive. Recent evidence has suggested that the Wnt signaling pathway may play a crucial role in osteosarcoma. This study employed a microarray approach to discover novel genes and pathways involved in Wnt signaling in osteosarcoma. We developed a Wnt10b‐expressing cell line using the human U2OS osteosarcoma model (U2OS‐Wnt10b) and performed microarray and pathway analyses using parental U2OS cells as control. Differential expression of 1,003 genes encompassing 28 pathways was noted. The Wnt, NFκB, and Notch pathways were chosen for further study based on their known importance in bone biology. Known Wnt‐responsive genes Axin‐2 (4.9‐fold), CD44 (2.1‐fold), endothelin‐1 (4.2‐fold) and sclerostin domain containing‐1 (43‐fold) were regulated by Wnt10b. The proinflammatory cytokines interleukin‐1α and tumor necrosis factor‐α, known inducers of NFκB, were upregulated both at the transcript and protein level, and NFκB reporter activity was stimulated 3.8‐fold, confirming NFκB activation. Interestingly, genes involved in Notch signaling [Notch‐1 (2.4‐fold) and Jagged‐1 (3.1‐fold)] were upregulated, whereas the Notch inhibitor, lunatic fringe, was downregulated (8.2‐fold). This resulted in the activation of the classic Notch‐responsive genes, hairy and enhancer of split‐1 (Hes‐1; 2.2‐fold) and hairy/enhancer‐of‐split related with YRPW motif‐1 (Hey‐1; 2.5‐fold). A Hey‐1 reporter construct was regulated 9.1‐fold in U2OS‐Wnt10b cells, confirming Notch activation. Interestingly, Wnt3a failed to induce the Notch and NFκB pathways, demonstrating Wnt‐specificity. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that Wnt10b, but not Wnt3a, stimulates the NFκB and Notch pathways in U2OS osteosarcoma cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 1392–1402, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cyclophosphamide‐induced apoptosis in A431 cells is inhibited by fucosyltransferase IV
Authors: Yang Xuesong , Liu Yuejian , Liu Jiwei , Wang Xiaoqi , Yan Qiu 
Published: February 2011

AbstractFucosyltransferase IV (FUT4) is an essential enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of difucosylated oligosaccharide LeY which is overexpressed in the cancers derived from the epithelial tissues. Our previous studies have shown that FUT4 overexpression promotes A431 cell proliferation through the MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, but the relationship between FUT4 and apoptosis remained unclear. Here, we investigated the effect of FUT4 overexpression on cyclophosphamide (CPA)‐induced apoptosis in A431 cells. Western blot analysis showed that FUT4 overexpression decreased expression of Bax, Caspase 3, and PARP proteins, and increased anti‐apoptotic Bcl‐2 protein in A431 cells. The anti‐apoptosis effect of FUT4 was confirmed both by Annexin‐V/PI and JC‐1 assays. The results showed that FUT4 overexpression up‐regulated phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt which was inhibited by CPA in dose‐dependent manner. By blocking the ERK/MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathways with specific inhibitors, we demonstrated that these two pathways were required in mediating the anti‐apoptosis effect of FUT4. We concluded that FUT4 inhibited cell apoptosis induced by CPA through decreasing the expression of apoptotic proteins Bax, Caspase 3, and PARP and increasing the expression of anti‐apoptotic protein Bcl‐2 via the ERK/MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in A431 cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 1376–1383, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The localization of hnRNP A2/B1 in nuclear matrix and the aberrant expression during the RA‐induced differentiation of human neuroblastoma SK‐N‐SH cells
Authors: Liang Ying , Shi Song‐Lin , Li Qi‐Fu , Chen Lan‐Ying , Jing Guang‐Jun , Tan Guo‐Wei , Wang San‐Ying , Wu Fu‐Yun 
Published: February 2011

AbstractHeterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A2/B1 is involved in the synthesis of RNA. Its expression is up‐regulated in many tumor cell lines. In this study, we investigated the distribution of hnRNP A2/B1 in the nuclear matrix, including its co‐localization with expression products of related genes. Results from 2‐DE PAGE and MS showed that hnRNP A2/B1 is involved with components of nuclear matrix proteins of SK‐N‐SH cells, and that its expression level is down‐regulated after retinoic acid (RA) treatment. Protein immunoblotting results further confirm the existence of hnRNP A2/B1 in the nuclear matrix, as well as its down‐regulation after RA treatment. Immunofluorescence microscopy observation showed that hnRNP A2/B1 localized in nuclear matrix of SK‐N‐SH cells and its distribution regions were altered after RA treatment. Laser scanning confocal microscopy observation showed that hnRNP A2/B1 co‐localized with c‐Myc, c‐Fos, P53, and Rb in SK‐N‐SH cells. The co‐localized region was altered as a result of RA treatment. Our data proved that hnRNP A2/B1 is a nuclear matrix protein and can be up‐regulated in human neuroblastoma. The expression and distribution of hnRNP A2/B1 can affect the differentiation of SK‐N‐SH cells, as well as its co‐localization with related oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 1722–1729, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Amphiphilic peptides with arginines and valines for the delivery of plasmid DNA
Authors: Ryu Dong‐Wook , Kim Hyun Ah , Song Hojung , Kim Soonhag , Lee Minhyung 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA non‐toxic and efficient gene carrier is one requirement for clinical gene therapy. In this study, amphiphilic peptides composed of arginines and valines were synthesized and characterized as plasmid DNA (pDNA) carriers. The peptides have a cationic region containing 1–4 arginines and a hydrophobic region containing 6 valines. The arginine–valine peptides (RV peptides) formed micelles in aqueous solution with a critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 1.35 mg/ml. In gel retardation assay, the RV peptides retarded all pDNA at weight ratios (pDNA:RV peptide) of 1:3 for R1V6, 1:2 for R2V6 and R3V6, and 1:1 for R4V6. A heparin competition assay showed that the R3V6 peptide formed tighter complexes with pDNA than poly‐L‐lysine (PLL). In vitro transfection assay into HEK293 cells showed that the R1V6 and R2V6 peptides had the highest transfection efficiencies at 1:30 weight ratios (pDNA:RV peptide), while the R3V6 and R4V6 peptides had the highest efficiencies at 1:20 weight ratios. Under optimal conditions, the R3V6 peptide had the highest transfection efficiency of all the RV peptides and PLL. MTT assay showed that the RV peptides did not have any detectable toxicity to cells. Therefore, the RV peptide may be useful for the development of non‐toxic gene carriers. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 1458–1466, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of the performance of non‐ionic and anionic surfactants as mobile phase additives in the RPLC analysis of basic drugs
Authors: Ruiz‐Ángel María J. , García‐Álvarez‐Coque María C. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractSurfactants added to the mobile phases in reversed‐phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) give rise to a modified stationary phase, due to the adsorption of surfactant monomers. Depending on the surfactant nature (ionic or non‐ionic), the coated stationary phase can exhibit a positive net charge, or just change its polarity remaining neutral. Also, micelles in the mobile phase introduce new sites for solute interaction. This affects the chromatographic behavior, especially in the case of basic compounds. Two surfactants of different nature, the non‐ionic Brij‐35 and the anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) added to water or aqueous–organic mixtures, are here compared in the separation of basic compounds (β‐blockers and tricyclic antidepressants). The reversible/irreversible adsorption of the monomers of both surfactants on the stationary phase was examined. The changes in the nature of the chromatographic system using different columns and chromatographic conditions were followed based on the changes in retention and peak shape. The study revealed that Brij‐35 is suitable for analyzing basic compounds of intermediate polarity, using “green chemistry”, since the addition of an organic solvent is not needed and Brij‐35 is a biodegradable surfactant. In contrast, RPLC with hydro‐organic mixtures or mobile phases containing SDS required high concentrations of organic solvents.
Impact of Lipid Substitution on Assembly and Delivery of siRNA by Cationic Polymers
Authors: Aliabadi Hamidreza Montazeri , Landry Breanne , Bahadur Remant K. , Neamnark Artphop , Suwantong Orawan , Uludağ Hasan 
Published: February 2011

AbstractCharacterization of a polymer library engineered to enhance their ability to protect and deliver their nucleotide cargo to the cells is reported. The ζ‐potential continuously increased with higher polymer:siRNA weight ratio, and the ζ‐potential of lipid‐modified polymers:siRNA complexes were higher than PEI2 at all ratios. At polymer:siRNA ratio of 1:1, all lipid‐substituted polymers showed complete protection against degradation. Lipid‐modified polymers significantly increased the cellular uptake of siRNA complexes and down‐regulation of GAPDH and P‐gp (max. 66% and 67%, respectively). The results indicate that hydrophobic modification of low molecular PEI could render this otherwise ineffective polymer to a safe effective delivery system for intracellular siRNA delivery and protein silencing.
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The Reverse Block Copolymer Pluronic 25R2 Promotes DNA Transfection of Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Guiraud Simon , Alimi‐Guez Debborah , van Wittenberghe Laetitia , Scherman Daniel , Kichler Antoine 
Published: February 2011

AbstractMuscle is an important and attractive target for gene therapy. Recent findings have shown that neutral amphiphilic triblock copolymers with a PEO‐PPO‐PEO arrangement significantly increase muscle transfection as compared to naked DNA. We were interested in evaluating whether reverse Pluronics (PPO‐PEO‐PPO) also possess transfection properties. Therefore, we measured the in vitro and in vivo transfection activity of 25R2 and 25R4, two copolymers that differ by their hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance. The results show that 25R2 significantly increases the transfection level in muscle compared to naked DNA. Taken together, this work demonstrates that the reverse Pluronic 25R2 possesses interesting properties for in vivo transfection.
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The Effect of Conjugating RGD into 3D Alginate Hydrogels on Adipogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose‐Derived Stromal Cells
Authors: Kang Sun‐Woong , Cha Byung‐Hyun , Park Honghyun , Park Kwang‐Sook , Lee Kuen Yong , Lee Soo‐Hong 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe effects of RGD peptide conjugation to alginate hydrogel on the adipogenic differentiation of ASCs was investigated. After 3 d of culture, RGD‐modified alginate hydrogels significantly stimulated FAK and integrin α1 gene expressions and vinculin expression in ASCs. In addition, RGD‐modified alginate hydrogels significantly enhanced the adipogenic differentiation of human ASCs to exhibit higher expression levels of oil red O staining and adipogenic genes compared to those of the control group (unmodified gels). These results suggest potential applications of RGD‐modified alginate gels for adipose tissue regeneration.
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Polymerization Kinetics of Ethylene Oxide Methacrylates in Ionic Media
Authors: Pedrón Sara , Guzmán Julio , García Nuria 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe radical polymerization of ethylene oxide (PEGylated) methacrylates in ionic media has been studied. Lithium salts interact with the monomer causing a significant increase in the propagation rate constant, kp, and also providing an ionic and highly viscous medium that sharply decreases the termination rate coefficient, kt. Both features make the polymerization reactions with lithium salts faster compared to the bulk monomer. The systems are studied by means of FT‐IR spectroscopy to identify the interactions between the monomer and the lithium salt. In addition, an extensive kinetic study by PLP‐SEC has been performed to study the influence of the lithium salt on kp and kt in the polymerization of these monomers. These results are compared to those obtained when ionic liquids are used as polymerization medium.
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Poly(hydrosilane)s as Sources of Silyl Radicals and Their Use as Polymerization‐Initiating Structures
Authors: Lalevée Jacques , Shankar Ravi , Tehfe Mohamad Ali , Sahoo Usharani , Fouassier Jean Pierre 
Published: February 2011

AbstractPoly(hydrosilane)s, [R(H)Si]n [R = Ph, Si(CH2)3SiMe2Th, cy‐Hex], are investigated as sources of silyl radicals. The Si–H bonds in these oligomers exhibit good to excellent hydrogen donating properties which ensure the formation of reactive silyl radicals. For free radical photopolymerization, the polymerization initiating properties of these structures are checked. These polymers are found to be advantageous to overcome the classical oxygen inhibition of the FRP process. Their ability in FRPCP is also evaluated for an epoxy monomer. The mechanisms are investigated through ESR and laser flash photolysis experiments.
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Crystalline Monolayer Ordering at Substrate/Polymer Interfaces in Poly(3‐hexylthiophene) Ultrathin Films
Authors: Li Destri Giovanni , Keller Thomas F. , Catellani Marinella , Punzo Francesco , Jandt Klaus D. , Marletta Giovanni 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe nanocrystalline structure of thermally annealed P3HT ultrathin films was studied as a function of the substrate properties using AFM, GIXRD, and static contact angle measurements which showed that an edge‐on structure is formed on both types of substrate. Substrate‐induced ordering is observed at the interface with air only when the film matches the average lamellae thickness, ≈30 nm in the present case, while, when the film thickness is higher than a single lamella size, i.e., ≈60 nm the substrate nature does not affect the lamellar ordering at the film/air interface. In other words, the substrate properties seem able to induce the ordering of the only first crystalline layer. These results are discussed in terms of simple relationships between interface free energy and chain mobility.
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Role of Interface Rheology in Altering the Onset of Co‐Continuity in Nanoparticle‐Filled Polymer Blends
Authors: Filippone Giovanni , Romeo Giovanni , Acierno Domenico 
Published: February 2011

AbstractDeveloping co‐continuity in a polymer blend determines a multiphase system with enhanced properties which originate from the synergism of its constituents. Filling a blend with nanoparticles is a promising route to guide its morphology and eventually affect the co‐continuity transition. We add different kinds of nanoparticles to an HDPE/PEO blend to study how they affect the morphology of the blend as function of their surface properties and form factor. We find that PEO drop size is drastically reduced by particles adsorbed at the HDPE/PEO interface. However, we show that a drastic shifting of the co‐continuity threshold may only be achieved when particles affect the rheology of the interface.
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Mechanical Properties and Water Absorption of Thermoplastic Bloodmeal
Authors: Verbeek Casparus J. R. , van den Berg Lisa E. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBloodmeal mixtures containing SS, water, SDS and urea were extruded and injection‐molded. Increased chain mobility with sufficient plasticization during processing increased the amount of available amino acids for strong water/protein interactions. Materials containing low water and increased SS had reduced tensile strength and elongation, compared to higher water at the same SS content. Materials containing three parts SS per hundred parts bloodmeal (pphbm), 60 pphbm water and 20 pphbm urea, were the only ductile materials after conditioning. Changing any one of these factors to a lower level will result in a brittle material. This mixture in combination with 3 pphbm SDS resulted in optimal mechanical properties (tensile strength of 9.6 MPa and Young's modulus of 534.9 MPa).
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Partial volume correction of multiple inversion time arterial spin labeling MRI data
Authors: Chappell M. A. , Groves A. R. , MacIntosh B. J. , Donahue M. J. , Jezzard P. , Woolrich M. W. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe accuracy of cerebral blood flow (CBF) estimates from arterial spin labeling (ASL) is affected by the presence of both gray matter (GM) and white matter within any voxel. Recently a partial volume (PV) correction method for ASL has been demonstrated (Asllani et al. Magn Reson Med 2008; 60:1362–1371), where PV estimates were used with a local linear regression to separate the GM and white matter ASL signal. Here a new PV correction method for multi‐inversion time ASL is proposed that exploits PV estimates within a spatially regularized kinetic curve model analysis. The proposed method exploits both PV estimates and the different kinetics of the ASL signal arising from GM and white matter. The new correction method is shown, on both simulated and real data, to provide correction of GM CBF comparable to a linear regression approach, whilst preserving greater spatial detail in the CBF image. On real data corrected GM CBF values were found to be largely independent of GM PV, implying that the correction had been successful. Increases of mean GM CBF after correction of 69–80% were observed. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Radiofrequency heating in porcine models with a “large” 32 cm internal diameter, 7 T (296 MHz) head coil
Authors: Shrivastava Devashish , Hanson Timothy , Kulesa Jeramy , Tian Jinfeng , Adriany Gregor , Vaughan J. Thomas 
Published: February 2011

AbstractTemperatures were measured in vivo in four pigs (mean animal weight = 110.75 kg and standard deviation = 6.13 kg) due to a continuous wave radiofrequency (RF) power irradiation with a 31.75 cm internal diameter and a 15.24 cm long, 7 T (296 MHz), eight channel, transverse electromagnetic head coil. The temperatures were measured in the subcutaneous layer of the scalp, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mm deep in the brain, and rectum using fluoroptic temperature probes. The RF power was delivered to the pig's head for ∼3 h (mean deposition time = 3.14 h and standard deviation = 0.06 h) at the whole head average specific absorption rate of ∼3 W kg−1 (mean average specific absorption rate = 3.08 W kg−1 and standard deviation = 0.09 W kg−1). Next, simple bioheat transfer models were used to simulate the RF power induced temperature changes. Results show that the RF power produced uniform temperature changes in the pigs' heads (mean temperature change = 1.68°C and standard deviation = 0.13°C) with no plateau achieved during the heating. No thermoregulatory alterations were detected due to the heating because the temperature responses of the pre‐RF and post‐RF epochs were not statistically significantly different. Simple, validated bioheat models may provide accurate temperature changes. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.