bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal-fluid coupling analysis of aviation wet friction clutch with wavy separation spring
Authors: Wei Yanan , Bao Heyun , Li Qingyang , Huang Zezong 
Published: February 2025

Purpose
Thermal failure and incomplete separation often occur in aviation wet friction clutches. The purpose of this study is to improve the performance and reliability of the clutch, considering the influence of lubricating oil, in this paper, the finite element method is used to simulate the friction pair of clutch with separation spring.

Design/methodology/approach
Considering the influence of lubricating oil, based on computational fluid dynamics principle and applying multiple reference frame method, simulation is carried out in FLUENT software to study the distribution of flow field and temperature field of clutch friction pair and separation spring under the condition of maximum relative speed of 3000 r/min.

Findings
The middle friction pair has more oil distribution, while the two sides have less oil distribution, and the highest oil volume exceeds that of the lowest by a factor of 3.49. Under the influence of lubricating oil distribution and component heat conduction, the temperature of the separation spring on both sides is higher than that of the separation spring in the middle. The axial temperature distribution law of the friction pair is the same as that of the separation spring, and the difference of the highest temperature between the friction pair is 136.41°C.

Social implications
The heat generation of the clutch is studied to improve the performance of the clutch and ensure the safety of the helicopter.

Originality/value
By analyzing the temperature and flow field of a wet friction clutch with a separation spring, engineers can help provide the service life and reliability of the clutch friction pair.
Artificial intelligence affordances for urban mobility
Authors: Li Mingye , Molla Alemayehu , Duan Sophia Xiaoxia 
Published: February 2025

PurposeArtificial intelligence (AI) has been touted as one of the viable solutions to address urban mobility issues. Despite a growing body of research on AI across various sectors, its use in the mobility sector remains underexplored. This study addresses this limitation by investigating AI applications and identifying the AI material properties and use cases that offer mobility-specific affordances.Design/methodology/approachAlthough AI applications in mobility are growing, academic research on the subject has yet to catch up. Therefore, we follow a systematic review and analysis of practitioner literature. We conducted a comprehensive search for relevant documents through Advanced Google and OECD databases and identified 173 sources. We selected 40 sources published between 2015 and 2022 and analysed the corpus of evidence through abductive qualitative analysis technique.FindingsThe analysis reveals that mobility organisations are implementing various AI technologies and systems such as cameras, sensors, IoT, computer vision, natural language processing, robotic process automation, machine learning, deep learning and neural networks. These technologies offer material properties for sensing mobility objects and events, comprehending mobility data, automating mobility activities and learning from mobility data. By exploiting these material properties, mobility organisations are integrating urban mobility management, personalising and automating urban mobility, enabling the smartification of infrastructure and asset management, developing better urban transport planning and management, and enabling automatic driving.Originality/valueThe study contributes a mid-range theory of the affordances of AI for mobility (AI4M) at the infrastructure, operation and service levels. This contribution extends the existing understanding of AI and offers an interconnected perspective of AI affordances for further research. For practitioners, the study provides insights on how to explore AI in alignment with organisational goals to collectively transform urban mobility to be affordable, efficient and sustainable.
Moderating effect of math anxiety and the mediating role of student self-efficacy on the nexus between cognitive awareness and student math performance
Authors: Asare Bright , Arthur Yarhands Dissou , Al-hassan Abdul-Mumin 
Published: February 2025

PurposeThis study aimed to examine the moderating effect of math anxiety and the mediating role of self-efficacy on the nexus between cognitive awareness and student math performance.Design/methodology/approachThe current study adopted a descriptive-correlational design utilizing a structured questionnaire. The study data was obtained from undergraduate students pursuing a bachelor of science in mathematics Education with a total of 2,672 students and a sample size of 348 students using purposive, stratified and simple random sampling techniques and analyzed using structure equation modeling (SEM) run from Amos Graphics (ver. 23).FindingsThis study’s findings revealed that cognitive awareness and student self-efficacy had positively influenced math performance. Moreover, cognitive awareness had a positive direct and statistically significant effect on self-efficacy. Moreover, students’ self-efficacy partially mediates the nexus between cognitive awareness and math performance. Finally, math anxiety positively moderates the nexus between cognitive awareness and math performance.Practical implicationsBased on this study’s findings, teachers should encourage students to keep math journals where they record their thoughts, strategies and reflections on problem-solving approaches to enhance their awareness of their cognitive processes. Moreover, self-efficacy should be strengthened through mastery experiences, positive feedback and promoting a growth mindset. Ultimately, boosting self-efficacy will lead to better math performance, creating a positive cycle of confidence and achievement.Originality/valueThere is a shortage of empirical studies that examine how math anxiety moderates and self-efficacy mediates the nexus between cognitive awareness and student math performance. Moreover, the concept of this paper can provide a new look into the interplay between cognitive awareness, math anxiety, self-efficacy and math performance.
Adopt or not? The determinants of health information adoption in online question-and-answer communities
Authors: Wu Qingxiao , Yang Xuejie , Su Kaixiang , Khakimova Aida , Gu Dongxiao , Zolotarev Oleg 
Published: February 2025

PurposeThe landscape of health information acquisition has shifted from offline to online, and online question-and-answer (Q&A) communities have emerged as prominent sources of health information; however, it is unclear how users identify satisfactory health information. This paper identifies factors that influence users’ adoption of health information in the context of online Q&A communities.Design/methodology/approachBased on the elaboration likelihood model (ELM) and opinion leader theory, we construct a research model to examine how information quality (complexity, image structure and emotional change) and source credibility (authentication status, follower number) affect health information adoption behavior. We verify the hypotheses by Poisson regression and zero-inflation Poisson regression using the data collected from an online Q&A community.FindingsThe empirical results indicate that both information quality and source credibility positively affect users’ adoption of health information.Originality/valueThis research can assist designers and managers of online Q&A communities to better comprehend users’ health information needs and their preferences for adoption. This enhanced understanding can facilitate the provision of superior online health information.
Individual asynchrony promotes population‐level tree growth stability
Authors: Li Jingye , He Fangliang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Community‐level stability is widely considered to increase with species richness and asynchrony. However, it is not well understood to what extent population‐level stability may be regulated by population size and within‐population asynchrony among individuals.

Using a large set of global tree‐ring data, we quantified the effects of population size and within‐population tree growth asynchrony on the temporal stability of population‐level tree growth rate. We also examined the relationship between the global distributions of within‐population tree growth asynchrony and population‐level tree growth stability.

The results showed that population‐level tree growth stability asymptotically increased with population size and quickly levelled off at an average population size of 26. After population size was controlled, population‐level tree growth stability increased with within‐population tree growth asynchrony (R2 = 0.54). Globally, population‐level tree growth stability was 52% higher than individual‐level tree growth stability on average. This percentage varied considerably across climate zones and was highest in the Tropical zone (84%) due to its highest within‐population asynchrony, while lowest in the Dry zone (34%) due to its lowest asynchrony.

Synthesis. Our results indicate that individual asynchrony plays a primary role in stabilizing population‐level tree growth rate, followed by population size. This finding highlights the importance of individual‐level differences in alleviating environmental stresses on forest growth.
Multiple Chaperone DnaK–FliC Flagellin Interactions are Required for Pseudomonas aeruginosa Flagellum Assembly and Indicate a New Function for DnaK
Authors: Molinari Gabriella , Ribeiro Sara S. , Müller Katrin , Mayer Benjamin E. , Rohde Manfred , Arce‐Rodriguez Alejandro , Vargas‐Guerrero Juan José , Avetisyan Albert , Wissing Josef , Tegge Werner , Jänsch Lothar , Brönstrup Mark , Danchin Antoine , Jahn Martina , Timmis Kenneth N. , Ebbinghaus Simon , Jahn Dieter , Borrero‐de Acuña José Manuel 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe DnaK (Hsp70) protein is an essential ATP‐dependent chaperone foldase and holdase found in most organisms. In this study, combining multiple experimental approaches we determined FliC as major interaction partner of DnaK in the opportunistic bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Implementing immunofluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy techniques DnaK was found extracellularly associated to the assembled filament in a regular pattern. dnaK repression led to intracellular FliC accumulation and motility impairment, highlighting DnaK essentiality for FliC export and flagellum assembly. SPOT–membrane peptide arrays coupled with artificial intelligence analyses suggested a highly dynamic DnaK–FliC interaction landscape involving multiple domains and transient complexes formation. Remarkably, in vitro fast relaxation imaging (FReI) experiments mimicking ATP‐deprived extracellular environment conditions exhibited DnaK ATP‐independent holdase activity, regardless of its co‐chaperone DnaJ and its nucleotide exchange factor GrpE. We present a model for the DnaK‐FliC interactions involving dynamic states throughout the flagellum assembly stages. These results expand the classical view of DnaK chaperone functioning and introduce a new participant in the Pseudomonas flagellar system, an important trait for bacterial colonisation and virulence.
detectEVE: Fast, Sensitive and Precise Detection of Endogenous Viral Elements in Genomic Data
Authors: Brait Nadja , Hackl Thomas , Lequime Sebastian 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTEndogenous viral elements (EVEs) are fragments of viral genomic material embedded within the host genome. Retroviruses contribute to the majority of EVEs because of their genomic integration during their life cycle; however, the latter can also arise from non‐retroviral RNA or DNA viruses, then collectively known as non‐retroviral (nr) EVEs. Detecting nrEVEs poses challenges because of their sequence and genomic structural diversity, contributing to the scarcity of specific tools designed for nrEVEs detection. Here, we introduce detectEVE, a user‐friendly and open‐source tool designed for the accurate identification of nrEVEs in genomic assemblies. detectEVE deviates from other nrEVE detection pipelines, which usually classify sequences in a more rigid manner as either virus‐associated or not. Instead, we implemented a scaling system assigning confidence scores to hits in protein sequence similarity searches, using bit score distributions and search hints related to various viral characteristics, allowing for higher sensitivity and specificity. Our benchmarking shows that detectEVE is computationally efficient and accurate, as well as considerably faster than existing approaches, because of its resource‐efficient parallel execution. Our tool can help to fill current gaps in both host‐associated fields and virus‐related studies. This includes (i) enhancing genome annotations with metadata for EVE loci, (ii) conducting large‐scale paleo‐virological studies to explore deep viral evolutionary histories, and (iii) aiding in the identification of actively expressed EVEs in transcriptomic data, reducing the risk of misinterpretations between exogenous viruses and EVEs.
On the Design of Islamic Blended Microfinancing for Refugee Entrepreneurship: An Institutional Logic Perspective
Authors: Jatmiko Wahyu , Azizon A. , Sukmana Raditya 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTUncovering apt policy for refugee self‐reliance is intricate. Refugee entrepreneurship is often hailed as the way forward for such an objective as it deciphers ‘Canvas Ceiling’. However, the lack of financing for unfeasible and unbankable refugee entrepreneurs prevents this from materialising. This article proposes Islamic blended microfinance for refugee entrepreneurship, integrating state support, the private sector, the philanthropic funds, and Islamic values. Our model differs as it is developed through the lens of the competing logic discussed in the institutional theory. Understanding competing institutional logic is crucial as blended finance involves various agents with distinct moral preferences that are often overlooked by policymakers. We test our model in the spatial context of Indonesia, the home of microfinance and blended Islamic finance. The findings outline that the logics of the three agents and religion (Islam) can converge in contextuality and temporality dimensions. A key to attaining this equilibrium is to meticulously design the payoff between the private sector with market logic and the philanthropic institutions with universal community logic, making them contingent on the state of the economy.
Astrocytic Hevin/SPARCL‐1 Regulates Cognitive Decline in Pathological and Normal Brain Aging
Authors: Cabral‐Miranda Felipe , Araujo Ana Paula Bergamo , Medinas Danilo Bilches , Gomes Flávia Carvalho Alcantara 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTDementia, characterized by loss of cognitive abilities in the elderly, poses a significant global health challenge. This study explores the role of astrocytes, one of most representative glial cells in the brain, in mitigating cognitive decline. Specifically, we investigated the impact of Hevin (also known as SPARC‐like1/SPARCL‐1), a secreted glycoprotein, on cognitive decline in both normal and pathological brain aging. By using adeno‐associated viruses, we overexpressed Hevin in hippocampal astrocytes of middle‐aged APP/PSEN mice, an established Alzheimer's disease (AD) model. Results demonstrated that Hevin overexpression attenuates cognitive decline, as evidenced by cognitive tests, increased pre‐ and postsynaptic markers colocalization, and altered expression of synaptic mediators, as revealed by proteomic profiling. Importantly, Hevin overexpression did not influence the deposition of Aβ plaques in the hippocampus, a hallmark of AD pathology. Furthermore, the study extended its findings to middle‐aged wild‐type animals, revealing improved cognitive performance following astrocytic Hevin overexpression. In conclusion, our results propose astrocytic Hevin as a potential therapeutic target for age‐associated cognitive decline.
Reduction of DNA Topoisomerase Top2 Reprograms the Epigenetic Landscape and Extends Health and Life Span Across Species
Authors: Zhu Man , Ma Meng , Luo Lunan , Li Feiyang , Zheng Jiashun , Pan Yan , Yang Lu , Xiao Ying , Wang Ziyan , Xian Bo , Zheng Yi , Li Hao , Yang Jing 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTDNA topoisomerases are essential molecular machines that manage DNA topology in the cell and play important roles in DNA replication and transcription. We found that knocking down the enzyme topoisomerase Top2 or its mammalian homolog TOP2B increases the lifespan of S. cerevisiae, C. elegans, and mice. TOP2B reduction also extends the health span of mice and alleviates the pathologies of aging in multiple tissues. At the cellular/molecular level, TOP2B reduction alleviates the major hallmarks of aging, including senescence, DNA damage, and deregulated nutrient sensing. We observed that TOP2B reduction changes the epigenetic landscape of various tissues in old mice toward that of the young animals, and differentially downregulates genes with active promoter and high expression. Our observations suggest that Top2 reduction confers pro‐longevity effect across species possibly through a conserved mechanism and may be a promising strategy for longevity intervention.
Navigating Endodontic Care: Perspectives Among Dentists Managing Older Adults—A Qualitative Study
Authors: Hamadani Payman , Chandler Nicholas P. , Daniel Ben K. , Friedlander Lara T. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTUsing a qualitative approach, this study explored the perspectives and practices among New Zealand general dental practitioners (GDPs) providing endodontic care to older adults. Semi‐structured questions guided focus group discussions with 18 GDPs who had varied practice experience and characteristics. Transcribed data were analysed and using reflexivity, six primary themes emerged to provide context: philosophies towards managing older adults; confidence; pulpal diagnosis; treatment planning; informed consent; and referral to an endodontist. GDPs were philosophically positive towards older people with endodontic problems although pulp diagnosis could be difficult. Age‐related changes in the pulp‐dentine complex, medical conditions, mobility difficulties, and finances frequently complicated treatment decisions. Confidence, consent processes, and specialist referral were mostly managed on an individual basis. Ongoing professional development to update practice is essential for GDPs to holistically manage a growing and heterogeneous older population when they present with signs and symptoms of pulp and periapical disease.
Baicalein Inhibits Tumor Property of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Through the Inactivation of the E2F Transcription Factor 1/Mediator Complex Subunit 7 Axis
Authors: Song Pinghui , Shen Naiying , Wu Zhongkun , He Sha 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis. Baicalein, a natural compound, can regulate multiple cellular processes in various cancer types. In this study, we investigated the role of baicalein in regulating HCC and explored its potential mechanism. The expression of mediator complex subunit 7 (MED7) and E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1) was analyzed by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction or Western blotting assay. Cell proliferation was assessed by cell colony formation assay and 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine assay. Cell migration was analyzed by transwell assay and wound‐healing assay. Cell invasion was analyzed by transwell assay. Angiogenic ability of HCC cells was assessed by tube formation assay. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay were performed to validate the association between E2F1 and MED7. The xenograft mouse model assay was conducted to determine the effects of baicalein and E2F1 overexpression on tumor formation. Immunohistochemistry assay was used to determine positive expression rates of proteins. Upregulation of MED7 and E2F1 expression was observed in both HCC tissues and cells. Knockdown of MED7 suppressed HCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and tube formation. Transcriptional activation of MED7 by E2F1 was demonstrated in HCC cells. Overexpression of MED7 mitigated the effects induced by E2F1 depletion in HCC cells. Additionally, baicalein treatment effectively inhibited the tumor property of HCC cells by decreasing E2F1 expression in both in vitro and in vivo models. Baicalein inhibited the tumor property of HCC cells through the inactivation of the E2F1/MED7 axis, highlighting its potential clinical application in the treatment of HCC.
Moderate Day‐To‐Day Variation in First‐Morning Urine Total Luteinizing Hormone Levels Supports the Use of a Single Determination to Identify Imminent Puberty
Authors: Demir And , Hero Matti , Juul Anders , Main Katharina M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesWe aimed to study the daily variation in first‐morning urinary total luteinizing hormone (U‐LH) determination and validate it as a noninvasive method for analyzing age‐ and pubertal stage‐related changes in LH immunoreactivity (LH‐ir) levels to predict imminent onset of central puberty.MethodsWe determined three consecutive first‐morning total U‐LH along with spot serum LH and follicle‐stimulating hormone concentrations in 354 children (160 boys aged 2.8–17.8 yr and 194 girls aged 2.6–18.0 yr) with known pubertal stages. The samples were analyzed using an immunofluorometric assay (Delfia, PerkinElmer, Finland). The net day‐to‐day variation (net CV%) in U‐LH‐ir levels was calculated by subtracting the inter‐assay CV% of the assay reported by the manufacturer from the gross inter‐assay CV% calculated from three consecutive samples. U‐LH‐ir levels were classified as prepubertal (< 0.60 IU/L), highly likely pubertal (0.60–0.99 IU/L), and pubertal (≥ 1.00 IU/L).ResultsOn average, the gross and net inter‐assay CV% values for different U‐LH concentrations measured on three consecutive mornings were 37.6% and 32.7%, respectively. Despite this level of day‐to‐day variation, only 3.6% of the test results for boys and 4.9% for girls were inconsistent in classifying total U‐LH‐ir levels as prepubertal, peripubertal, or pubertal. Our results showed that the activation of the hypothalamo‐pituitary‐gonadal hormone axis, which signals the onset of puberty, occurs at a similar age in both boys and girls, confirming our earlier findings that the timing of this process is independent of sex. Further, our findings confirmed that the onset of pubertal gonadotropin secretion in boys occurs already at a testicular volume of 1 to 2 mL, well before clear clinical signs of puberty.ConclusionsA single first‐morning total U‐LH measurement appears to be a valid clinical test for classifying children or adolescents into prepubertal, peripubertal, and pubertal groups. This study validates the recently reported finding that the timing of central puberty onset is sex‐independent. The duration between the initial activation of gonadotropin secretion and the first clinical signs of puberty was longer in boys than in girls.