bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnitude of benefit of the addition of bevacizumab to first-line chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer: meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Loupakis Fotios , Bria Emilio , Vaccaro Vanja , Cuppone Federica , Milella Michele , Carlini Paolo , Cremolini Chiara , Salvatore Lisa , Falcone Alfredo , Muti Paola , Sperduti Isabella , Giannarelli Diana , Cognetti Francesco 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Background
Although the addition of bevacizumab to 1st line chemotherapy provides a significant survival benefit for advanced colorectal cancer, the magnitudes of both advantages and toxicities have not been extensively investigated.

Methods
A literature-based meta-analysis was conducted; Hazard Ratios were extracted from randomized trials for primary end-points (Progression Free Survival, PFS, Overall Survival OS). The log of event-based risk ratio were derived for secondary endpoints (objective/partial response rate, ORR/PR; severe hypertension, bleeding and proteinuria). Absolute differences and the number needed to treat/harm (NNT/NNH) were calculated. A meta-regression analysis with clinical predictors and a sensitivity analysis according to the trial phase-design were conducted as well.

Results
Five trials (2,728 pts) were selected. The addition of bevacizumab to 1st line chemotherapy significantly increased both PFS (although with significant heterogeneity) and OS over exclusive chemotherapy by 17.1% and 8.6% (NNT 6 and 12), regardless of the study setting (non significant interaction between phase II and III). The chance to improve PR was significantly increased by 6.5% (NNT 15), with a trend for ORR. The risk of hypertension was significantly increased by 6.2% (NNH 16). According to the meta-regression analysis, female gender and rectal primary site were significant predictors for PFS benefit.

Conclusions
Notwithstanding all the concerns related to costs and the significant HTN risk, the significant outcome improvement provided by bevacizumab in first-line treatment for unselected advanced colorectal cancer patients, should be considered when choosing the appropriate up-front therapy.
Anti-proliferative effect of LXR agonist T0901317 in ovarian carcinoma cells
Authors: Rough James J , Monroy M Alexandra , Yerrum Smitha , Daly John M 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Background
Ovarian cancer is the most common cause of cancer related death from gynecologic tumors in the United States. The insidious nature of the disease precludes early diagnosis, therefore surgical debulking and chemotherapy are considered as standard treatment modalities for advanced stages. We investigated the effect of the LXR agonist, T0901317, on ovarian cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis as a potential therapeutic agent.

Results
T0901317 treatment resulted in a significant (P <0.001) inhibition of cell proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner in CaOV3, SKOV3 and A2780 cells. Western blot analysis demonstrated an induction of p21 and p27 with a concominant reduction in phospho-RB protein levels. Cell cycle analysis demonstrated a significant (P <0.001) arrest in the G1 cell cycle phase. Significant induction of Caspase-3 and BAX gene expression occurred with treatment. Induction of apoptosis was confirmed by significant (P < 0.001) elevation of caspase activity on FACS analysis, caspase-glo assay, BAX protein induction and decreased caspase 3 precursor protein expression on Western blot analysis. LXR α/β knockdown experiments did not reverse the anti-proliferative and cytotoxic effects of T0901317.

Conclusions
The LXR agonist, T0901317, significantly suppresses cell proliferation and induces programmed cell death in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Our results indicate that T0901317 induces its anti-proliferative and cytotoxic effects via an LXR-independent mechanism.
Sustained response of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma treated with trastuzumab and capecitabine
Authors: Sharon Elad , Kelly Ronan J , Szabo Eva 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Background
Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma is a rare histologic subtype of salivary gland cancer with an overall poor prognosis. Limited histopathologic analyses have shown that some such tumors exhibit significant HER2/neu immunoreactivity, suggesting a potential role for HER2-based therapy. We report here a case of a 58-year old man with metastatic carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma who achieved a sustained long term response to combination therapy with trastuzumab and capecitabine.

Case presentation
A 58 year old man presented with T1N2bM0 carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma and underwent surgery followed by adjuvant radiation therapy. Multiple metastases to bone were documented one year later. Since the original tumor was strongly HER2/neu positive by immunohistochemistry, the patient was treated with trastuzumab, capecitabine, and zoledronic acid. He experienced total resolution of symptoms and repeat FDG-PET scan after three cycles revealed interval disease resolution. Continued treatment has resulted in maintenance of disease control for over 2 years.

Conclusion
This case illustrates the successful long term treatment of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma with targeted therapy with trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy. In the absence of definitive clinical trials which are unlikely to be performed due to the rarity of this tumor, case reports such as this one suggest potential utility for trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy in the treatment of HER2/neu-overexpressing carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma.
Functional overlap but differential expression of CSF-1 and IL-34 in their CSF-1 receptor-mediated regulation of myeloid cells
Authors: Wei Suwen , Nandi Sayan , Chitu Violeta , Yeung Yee-Guide , Yu Wenfeng , Huang Minmei , Williams Lewis T , Lin Haishan , Stanley E Richard 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
CSF-1 and the novel CSF-1 receptor ligand, IL-34, possess similar CSF-1R-mediated activities, but differ in their spatio-temporal expression, permitting complementary CSF-1 receptor activation in vivo.
CSF-1 is broadly expressed and regulates macrophage and osteoclast development. The action and expression of IL-34, a novel CSF-1R ligand, were investigated in the mouse. As expected, huIL-34 stimulated macrophage proliferation via the huCSF-1R, equivalently to huCSF-1, but was much less active at stimulating mouse macrophage proliferation than huCSF-1. Like muCSF-1, muIL-34 and a muIL-34 isoform lacking Q81 stimulated mouse macrophage proliferation, CSF-1R tyrosine phosphorylation, and signaling and synergized with other cytokines to generate macrophages and osteoclasts from cultured progenitors. However, they respectively possessed twofold and fivefold lower affinities for the CSF-1R and correspondingly, lower activities than muCSF-1. Furthermore, muIL-34, when transgenically expressed in a CSF-1-dependent manner in vivo, rescued the bone, osteoclast, tissue macrophage, and fertility defects of Csf1op/op mice, suggesting similar regulation of CSF-1R-expressing cells by IL-34 and CSF-1. Whole-mount IL34 in situ hybridization and CSF-1 reporter expression revealed that IL34 mRNA was strongly expressed in the embryonic brain at E11.5, prior to the expression of Csf1 mRNA. QRT-PCR revealed that compared with Csf1 mRNA, IL34 mRNA levels were lower in pregnant uterus and in cultured osteoblasts, higher in most regions of the brain and heart, and not compensatorily increased in Csf1op/op mouse tissues. Thus, the different spatiotemporal expression of IL-34 and CSF-1 allows for complementary activation of the CSF-1R in developing and adult tissues.
A genetic model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in zebrafish displays phenotypic hallmarks of motoneuron disease
Authors: Ramesh Tennore , Lyon Alison N. , Pineda Ricardo H. , Wang Chunping , Janssen Paul M. L. , Canan Benjamin D. , Burghes Arthur H. M. , Beattie Christine E. 
Published: May 2010

SUMMARY
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that, for ∼80% of patients, is fatal within five years of diagnosis. To better understand ALS, animal models have been essential; however, only rodent models of ALS exhibit the major hallmarks of the disease. Here, we report the generation of transgenic zebrafish overexpressing mutant Sod1. The construct used to generate these lines contained the zebrafish sod1 gene and ∼16 kb of flanking sequences. We generated lines expressing the G93R mutation, as well as lines expressing wild-type Sod1. Focusing on two G93R lines, we found that they displayed the major phenotypes of ALS. Changes at the neuromuscular junction were observed at larval and adult stages. In adulthood the G93R mutants exhibited decreased endurance in a swim tunnel test. An analysis of muscle revealed normal muscle force, however, at the end stage the fish exhibited motoneuron loss, muscle atrophy, paralysis and premature death. These phenotypes were more severe in lines expressing higher levels of mutant Sod1 and were absent in lines overexpressing wild-type Sod1. Thus, we have generated a vertebrate model of ALS to complement existing mammal models.
Interferometric Displacement Measurement for Local Probe MicroscopyInterferometrische Abstandsmessung für das scannende Mikroskopieverfahren
Authors: Lazar Josef , Čίp Ondřej , Cízek Martin , erý Mojmίr 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
In the contribution we present an interferometric displacement monitoring system for positioning of a sample stage for local probe microscopy. The arrangement is designed for metrology applications with direct link to fundamental etalon of length and monitoring of all six axes of freedom of motion. Active position of control is proposed.
A Building Ostracon from Deir el-Bahari
Authors: Barwik Mirosław 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Ostracon inv. no. F.7077 was found in the 1960s in the area of the Thutmosis III temple at Deir el-Bahari, and a missing fragment in the season 1986/87 on the dumps between the Chapel of Hathor and the temple of Mentuhotep II Nebhepetre. An analysis of the text enables us to draw the conclusion that it is connected with an opening stage of work on the temple of Thutmosis III, possibly with the excavation of the temple platform hewn out in the bedrock to the south of the Hatshepsut temple. If such is the case, then the beginning of work on the Thutmosis III temple started about regnal year 43, documented by the present ostracon, which is the earliest of the series of documents dealing with the temple project. A change of the name of the temple (from Djeser-menu into Djeser-achet) took place some time between year 43 (II peret) and year 45 (IV peret), when work on the temple platform and pavement was nearly completed.
Accuracy of Photographic Assessment Compared with Standard Anthropometric Measurements in Nonsynostotic Cranial Deformities
Authors: Schaaf Heidrun , Wilbrand Jan-Falco , Boedeker Rolf-Hasso , Howaldt Hans-Peter 
Published: May 2010

Objective Anthropometric landmarks of the skull have traditionally been used to describe cranial deformities resulting from nonsynostotic plagiocephaly or brachycephaly. Recently, digital photography has become an important tool for characterizing facial and cranial pathologies. The purpose of this study was to compare standard anthropometric cranial measurements with measurements taken from cranial photographs. Patients Standardized digital images in the supracranial view and cranial anthropometric measurements were obtained from 122 children between the ages of 3 and 15 months. The photographs were assessed using Quick Ceph® software. The cephalic index and cranial vault asymmetry index were used to indicate the degree of cranial deformity. Children were classified into plagiocephaly, brachycephaly, and the combination of both. To determine interobserver variability, two clinicians separately measured the cephalic index and cranial vault asymmetry index from digital photographs in 70 infants of the plagiocephalic group. Results To compare interassay reliability for these methods of obtaining the cephalic index and cranial vault asymmetry index, the differences between photographically and anthropometrically derived values were plotted against anthropometrically derived values alone (Bland-Altman plots). The photographic method satisfied the limits of agreement (cephalic index, 7.51%; cranial vault asymmetry index, 6.57%) and showed slightly lower values represented by the respective bias (cephalic index, 1.79%; cranial vault asymmetry index, 3.03%). Comparison between observers revealed excellent agreement, detected by the intraclass correlation coefficient of .982 for the cephalic index and .946 for the cranial vault asymmetry index. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that digital photography is a reliable tool for quantifying cranial deformities. Furthermore, it is rapid, noninvasive, and reproducible. However, we continue to use both methods in clinical practice.
Side of Dental Anomalies and Taurodontism as Potential Clinical Markers for Cleft Subphenotypes
Authors: Küchler Erika Calvano , da Motta Luise Gomes , Vieira Alexandre Rezende , Granjeiro José Mauro 
Published: May 2010

Objective The aim of this work was to investigate in more detail the dental clinical features that could serve to define subphenotypes of oral clefts. Design Dental records of oral cleft subjects from a group of 164 cases were examined, and 157 were included in this study. In addition, 65 families with two or more siblings born with clefts and 30 control families were evaluated to determine whether dental phenotypes were sporadic. Type of oral cleft and dental phenotypes (tooth agenesis, supernumerary teeth, taurodontism, dental transposition, and microdontia) outside the cleft area were investigated. Association of dental anomalies with preferential subtypes of cleft (subphenotype) was assessed. Results A total of 74 subjects presented at least one developmental dental anomaly. Tooth agenesis was the most common dental anomaly (28.6%), followed by taurodontism (15.2%). Supernumerary teeth were associated with cleft palate only ( p = .05). The absence of maxillary left lateral incisors was significantly associated with unilateral right cleft lip ( p = .02). Bilateral clefts were strongly associated with bilateral dental anomalies ( p < 0.001). In the cleft lip and palate group, tooth agenesis was associated with dental transposition ( p = .03) and with supernumerary teeth ( p = .009). Subjects with oral clefts have a higher risk of tooth agenesis (odds ratio = 3.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.18 to 10.13) and taurodontism (odds ratio = 3.95; 95% confidence interval, 2.28 to 6.82). Tooth agenesis, microdontic upper lateral incisors, and supernumerary teeth were most commonly found in unaffected siblings and parents of children born with clefts in comparison with families with no family history of clefts ( p = .01). Conclusion The preferential associations between specific cleft types with dental phenotypes suggest dental anomalies can be used as clinical markers to define the subphenotype isolated cleft lip and palate.
Treatment of Multiple Gingival Recession Defects Using Periosteal Pedicle Graft: A Case Series
Authors: Mahajan Ajay 
Published: May 2010

Background: The periosteum is a highly vascular connective tissue with immense regenerative potential. These qualities make it a suitable autogenous graft. A technique is described for using an autogenous periosteal pedicle graft (PPG) for the treatment of multiple gingival recession defects.Methods: Twenty teeth in six subjects with Miller Class I and II recessions ≥2 mm were treated using PPGs. In addition to the depth of the gingival recession defect, the probing depth and widths of keratinized and attached gingiva were recorded. The mean ± SD was calculated for each of the clinical parameters. The paired t test was used to test the significance of the change.Results: At the end of 1 year, 90.95% of root coverage was attained with a significant increase in the widths of keratinized and attached gingiva (P = 0.0001); no change was observed in probing depths (P = 0.36).Conclusion: The PPG technique can be successfully used for the treatment of multiple gingival recession defects.
Effects of Occlusal Overload on Peri‐Implant Tissue Health: A Systematic Review of Animal‐Model Studies
Authors: Chambrone Leandro , Chambrone Luiz A. , Lima Luiz A. 
Published: May 2010

Background: This study systematically evaluates the effect of occlusal overload (OV) on peri‐implant tissue health in animal studies.Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and LILACS databases were searched for articles published up to and including January 2010. Studies that reported outcomes of non‐splinted titanium dental implants submitted to OV were eligible for inclusion. Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), radiographic and histologic distances from the implant base to the most coronal point of bone‐to‐implant contact (RDIB and DIB, respectively), and bone density (BD) were the main outcomes of interest.Results: Two controlled trials were included in this review and both were considered at a high risk of bias. The marked heterogeneity between studies did not allow data to be combined for meta‐analyses. Two studies reported no association between OV and peri‐implant tissue breakdown in the absence of dental plaque, with PD and CAL varying from 2 to 3 mm at the end of the experiments. In the presence of plaque accumulation, OV played a key role in peri‐implant tissue breakdown (PD change: 5.3 mm; DIB: 6.0 mm). Trends suggested that OV may increase BD.Conclusions: Data on OV on stable implants are limited and conflicting. OV may lead to bone loss in the presence of dental plaque and to an increase in BD in areas where plaque control is performed.
Mixing Insulin Aspart With Detemir Does Not Affect Glucose Excursion in Children With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Nguyen Thanh M. , Renukuntla Venkat S. , Heptulla Rubina A. 
Published: May 2010

OBJECTIVE
We hypothesized that insulin detemir mixed with aspart had equivalent effects on blood glucose as if being given as separate injections in pediatric type 1 diabetes patients.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Fourteen children with type 1 diabetes were randomly assigned to either Study A (mixed insulins) or Study B (separate insulins) for the first 10 days and crossed over for the last 10 days. Each subject underwent continuous glucose monitoring on the last 72 h of each study.

RESULTS
The 48-h area under the curve (mmol/hour/l), M-value, and mean amplitude of glucose excursion (mmol/l) for Study A versus Study B were 457 ± 70 versus 469 ± 112 (P = 0.58), 39.67 ± 15.37 versus 39.75 ± 9.69 (P = 0.98), and 6.35 ± 1.92 versus 5.98 ± 0.92 (P = 0.42), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
Insulin detemir mixed with aspart had equivalent effects on blood glucose versus giving them as separate injections in children with type 1 diabetes.
A Comparison of Hip Strength Between Sedentary Females With and Without Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
Authors: Magalhães Eduardo , Fukuda Thiago Yukio , Sacramento Sylvio Noronha , Forgas Andrea , Cohen Moisés , Abdalla Rene Jorge 
Published: May 2010

Study Design Cross-sectional study. Objective To compare the hip strength of sedentary females with either unilateral or bilateral patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) to a control group of sedentary females of similar demographics without PFPS. Background It has been suggested that hip muscle weakness may be an important factor in the etiology of young female athletes with PFPS. This syndrome is also common in sedentary females and it is unclear if similar findings of hip weakness would be present in this population. Methods Females between 15 and 40 years of age (control group, n = 50; unilateral PFPS, n = 21; bilateral PFPS, n = 29) participated in the study. Strength for all 6 hip muscle groups was measured bilaterally on all subjects using a handheld dynamometer. Results The hip musculature of sedentary females with bilateral PFPS was statistically weaker (range, 12%–36%; P<.05) than that of the control group for all muscle groups. The hip abductors, lateral rotators, flexors, and extensors of the injured side of those with unilateral PFPS group were statistically weaker (range, 15%–20%; P<.05) than that of the control group, but only the hip abductors were significantly weaker when compared to their uninjured side (20%; P<.05). Conclusion This study demonstrates that hip weakness is a common finding in sedentary females with PFPS. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2010;40(10):641–647. doi:10.2519/jospt.2010.3120
The Relationship Between Back Muscle Endurance and Physical, Lifestyle, and Psychological Factors in Adolescents
Authors: Smith Anne J. , O'Sullivan Peter B. , Campbell Amity C. , Straker Leon M. 
Published: May 2010

Study Design Cross-sectional investigation. Bcakground There is some evidence that interventions directed to improving back muscle endurance (BME) in adolescents are effective in reducing low back pain, with anecdotal evidence of improved performance. However, the mechanisms responsible for this improvement remain unclear. Objective To identify the relationship between physical, lifestyle, and psychological variables and BME in a large adolescent population, while controlling for back pain and gender. Methods One thousand four-hundred thirty-five adolescents (702 females, 733 males; mean ± SD age, 14.0 ± 0.2 years) completed a range of physical, lifestyle, and psychological assessments. The group mean ± SD height and body mass were 164 ± 8 cm and 57.1 ± 12.6 kg, respectively. Linear regression was used to investigate the univariate association between each of the physical, lifestyle, and psychological variables and BME. Backwards stepwise multivariate linear regression was used to determine statistically significant independent correlates of BME. Results The final multivariate model explained 15.3% of the variance in BME and included at least 1 variable from the physical, lifestyle, and psychological domains. Adolescents who exercised less, watched more television, had a higher body mass index, sat in a more flexed trunk posture (more slumped), and had lower self-efficacy had lower BME. Conclusion All the physical and lifestyle variables linked with poorer BME performance in this investigation are indicative of reduced back muscle activation and/or deconditioning. Psychological predictors may have direct and/or indirect links with BME. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2010;40(8):517–523. doi:10.2519/jospt.2010.3369