bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IgM Antibodies to Apoptosis-Associated Determinants Recruit C1q and Enhance Dendritic Cell Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells
Authors: Chen Yifang , Park Yong-Beom , Patel Ekta , Silverman Gregg J. 
Published: May 2009

Abstract
Natural Abs, which arise without known immune exposure, have been described that specifically recognize cells dying from apoptosis, but their role in innate immunity remains poorly understood. Herein, we show that the immune response to neoantigenic determinants on apoptotic thymocytes is dominated by Abs to oxidation-associated Ags, phosphorylcholine (PC), a head group that becomes exposed during programmed cell death, and malondialdehyde (MDA), a reactive aldehyde degradation product of polyunsaturated lipids produced following exposure to reactive oxidation species. While natural Abs to apoptotic cells in naive adult mice were dominated by PC and MDA specificities, the amounts of these Abs were substantially boosted by treatment of mice with apoptotic cells. Moreover, the relative amounts of PC and MDA Abs was affected by VH gene inheritance. Ab interactions with apoptotic cells also mediated the recruitment of C1q, which enhanced apoptotic cell phagocytosis by immature dendritic cells. Significantly, IgM Abs to both PC and MDA were primary factors in determining the efficiency of serum-dependent apoptotic cell phagocytosis. Hence, we demonstrate a mechanism by which certain natural Abs that recognize neoantigens on apoptotic cells, in naive mice and those induced by immune exposure to apoptotic cells, can enhance the functional capabilities of immature dendritic cells for phagocytic engulfment of apoptotic cells.
Targeted Disruption of the Gene Encoding the Murine Small Subunit of Carboxypeptidase N (CPN1) Causes Susceptibility to C5a Anaphylatoxin-Mediated Shock
Authors: Mueller-Ortiz Stacey L. , Wang Dachun , Morales John E. , Li Li , Chang Jui-Yoa , Wetsel Rick A. 
Published: May 2009

Abstract
Carboxypeptidase N (CPN) is a plasma zinc metalloprotease, which consists of two enzymatically active small subunits (CPN1) and two large subunits (CPN2) that protect the protein from degradation. Historically, CPN has been implicated as a major regulator of inflammation by its enzymatic cleavage of functionally important arginine and lysine amino acids from potent phlogistic molecules, such as the complement anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a. Because of no known complete CPN deficiencies, the biological impact of CPN in vivo has been difficult to evaluate. Here, we report the generation of a mouse with complete CPN deficiency by targeted disruption of the CPN1 gene. CPN1−/− mice were hypersensitive to lethal anaphylactic shock due to acute complement activation by cobra venom factor. This hypersensitivity was completely resolved in CPN1−/−/C5aR−/− but not in CPN1−/−/C3aR−/− mice. Moreover, CPN1−/− mice given C5a i.v., but not C3a, experienced 100% mortality. This C5a-induced mortality was reduced to 20% when CPN1−/− mice were treated with an antihistamine before C5a challenge. These studies describe for the first time a complete deficiency of CPN and demonstrate 1) that CPN plays a requisite role in regulating the lethal effects of anaphylatoxin-mediated shock, 2) that these lethal effects are mediated predominantly by C5a-induced histamine release, and 3) that C3a does not contribute significantly to shock following acute complement activation.
Proximal Glycans Outside of the Epitopes Regulate the Presentation of HIV-1 Envelope gp120 Helper Epitopes
Authors: Li Hualin , Xu Chong-Feng , Blais Steven , Wan Qi , Zhang Hui-Tang , Landry Samuel J. , Hioe Catarina E. 
Published: May 2009

Abstract
Glycosylation of HIV-1 envelope gp120 determines not only the proper structure, but also the immune responses against this Ag. Although glycans may be part of specific epitopes or shield other epitopes from T cells and Abs, this study provides evidence for a different immunomodulatory function of glycans associated with gp120 residues N230 and N448. These glycans are required for efficient MHC class II-restricted presentation of nearby CD4 T cell epitopes, even though they are not part of the epitopes. The glycans do not affect CD4 T cell recognition of more distant epitopes and are not essential for the proper folding and function of gp120. Data on CD4 T cell recognition of N448 mutants combined with proteolysis analyses and surface electrostatic potential calculation around residue N448 support the notion that N448 glycan near the epitope’s C terminus renders the site to be surface accessible and allows its efficient processing. In contrast, the N230 glycan contributes to the nearby epitope presentation at a step other than the proteolytic processing of the epitope. Hence, N-glycans can determine CD4 T cell recognition of nearby gp120 epitopes by regulating the different steps in the MHC class II processing and presentation pathway after APCs acquire the intact gp120 Ag exogenously. Modifications of amino acids bearing glycans at the C termini of gp120 helper epitopes may prove to be a useful strategy for enhancing the immunogenicity of HIV-1 envelope gp120.
Cutting Edge: Negative Regulation of Dendritic Cells through Acetylation of the Nonhistone Protein STAT-3
Authors: Sun Yaping , Chin Y. Eugene , Weisiger Elizabeth , Malter Chelsea , Tawara Isao , Toubai Tomomi , Gatza Erin , Mascagni Paolo , Dinarello Charles A. , Reddy Pavan 
Published: May 2009

Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition modulates dendritic cell (DC) functions and regulates experimental graft-vs-host disease and other immune-mediated diseases. The mechanisms by which HDAC inhibition modulates immune responses remain largely unknown. STAT-3 is a transcription factor shown to negatively regulate DC functions. In this study we report that HDAC inhibition acetylates and activates STAT-3, which regulates DCs by promoting the transcription of IDO. These findings demonstrate a novel functional role for posttranslational modification of STAT-3 through acetylation and provide mechanistic insights into HDAC inhibition-mediated immunoregulation by induction of IDO.
Cutting Edge: Unusual NK Cell Responses to HIV-1 Peptides Are Associated with Protection against Maternal-Infant Transmission of HIV-1
Authors: Tiemessen Caroline T. , Shalekoff Sharon , Meddows-Taylor Stephen , Schramm Diana B. , Papathanasopoulos Maria A. , Gray Glenda E. , Sherman Gayle G. , Coovadia Ashraf H. , Kuhn Louise 
Published: May 2009

Abstract
Most infants exposed to HIV-1 in utero and at delivery do not acquire infection. We show that mothers and infants who have CD3-negative cells that respond to HIV-1 peptides are substantially less likely to transmit and acquire infection, respectively. The CD3-negative cells, shown to be NK cells, respond with remarkable specificity and high magnitude to HIV-1 peptides from Env (envelope) and Reg (regulatory) protein regions, as measured by a whole blood intracellular cytokine assay only in the context of HIV-1 infection or exposure. These findings identify an important new measure of protective immunity to HIV-1 that highlights the importance of innate immunity in preventing the establishment of HIV-1 infection.
Copper‐Catalyzed N‐Arylation/Hydroamin(d)ation Domino Synthesis of Indoles and its Application to the Preparation of a Chek1/KDR Kinase Inhibitor Pharmacophore
Authors: Ackermann Lutz , Barfüßer Sebastian , Potukuchi Harish K. 
Published: April 2009

Abstractmagnified imageInexpensive copper catalysts allow for efficient syntheses of N‐aryl‐, N‐acyl‐, or N‐H‐(aza)indoles starting from ortho‐alkynylbromoarenes. The broad scope of this domino N‐arylation/hydroamin(d)ation process is highlighted by the synthesis of highly functionalized indoles, as well as of a Chek1/KDR inhibitor pharmacophore.
Phosphinidene Addition to Conjugated Allenes
Authors: Bertini Federica , Wit Jan B. M. , Ünal Murat , de Kanter Franciscus J. J. , Schakel Marius , Slootweg J. Chris , Ehlers Andreas W. , Nijbacker Tom , Komen Corine M. D. , Lutz Martin , Spek Anthony L. , Lammertsma Koop 
Published: April 2009

Abstractmagnified imageGenerating the transient electrophilic tungsten pentacarbonyl‐phenylphosphinidene complex PhPW(CO)5 in the presence of 2,7‐dimethylocta‐2,3,5,6‐tetraene leads to the formation of a 3,4‐disubstituted phosphole or a complexed phospholene, depending on the reaction conditions. The formation of the phospholene results from the reaction of PhPW(CO)5 with the diallene, while the formation of the phosphole arises from reaction with 3,4‐diisopropylidene‐cyclobutene, which is formed in situ from the isomerization of the conjugated allene.
Mimicking biological delivery through feedback‐controlled drug release systems based on molecular imprinting
Authors: Kryscio David R. , Peppas Nicholas A. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIntelligent drug delivery systems (DDS) are able to rapidly detect a biological event and respond appropriately by releasing a therapeutic agent; thus, they are advantageous over their conventional counterparts. Molecular imprinting is a promising area that generates a polymeric network which can selectively recognize a desired analyte. This field has been studied for a variety of applications over a long period of time, but only recently has it been investigated for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Recent work in the area of molecularly imprinted polymers in drug delivery highlights the potential of these recognitive networks as environmentally responsive DDS that can ultimately lead to feedback controlled recognitive release systems. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009.
The gestational timing of pregnancy loss: Adaptive strategy?
Authors: Baird Donna Day 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThis commentary links early pregnancy milestones (rescue of the corpus luteum, the luteal‐placental shift, and blocking of the spiral arteries) with the pattern of gestation‐specific pregnancy loss in humans. The objective is to describe the pattern and present an adaptive hypothesis: that high first trimester pregnancy loss results from selection to reduce the risk of maternal morbidity and mortality associated with human delivery. Specific questions within the broad framework of this hypothesis can be addressed with research in comparative physiology and endocrinology. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2009. Published 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Testing three evolutionary models of the demographic transition: Patterns of fertility and age at marriage in urban South India
Authors: Shenk Mary K. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractOver the last three decades many authors have addressed the demographic transition from the perspective of evolutionary theory. Some authors have emphasized parental investment factors such as the costs of raising children, others have emphasized the effects of mortality and other forms of risk, and others have emphasized the biased transmission of cultural norms from people of high status. Yet the literature says little about the relative strengths of each of these types of motivations or about which ones are more likely to serve as the primary impetus for large‐scale demographic change. In this paper, I examine how each of these factors has influenced the demographic transition in urban South India during the course of the 20th century using two measures of fertility transition: number of surviving children and age at marriage. I find that investment‐related, risk‐related, and cultural transmission predictors all have significant individual effects on the outcome variables, which persist when they are entered in combination. When the three types of predictors are compared, however, investment‐related models appear to provide more robust explanations for patterns in both fertility and age of marriage. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
TRPM7 is not associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis‐parkinsonism dementia complex in the Kii peninsula of Japan
Authors: Hara Kenju , Kokubo Yasumasa , Ishiura Hiroyuki , Fukuda Yuko , Miyashita Akinori , Kuwano Ryozo , Sasaki Ryogen , Goto Jun , Nishizawa Masatoyo , Kuzuhara Shigeki , Tsuji Shoji 
Published: April 2009

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis‐parkinsonism dementia complex (ALS/PDC) is a distinct neurodegenerative disorder characterized by ALS pathology with neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the spinal cord and brain. Recent clinical studies have revealed a high incidence and a high familial occurrence of ALS/PDC in both Guam and the Kii peninsula of Japan, suggesting a strong genetic predisposition to this disorder. The T1482I variant (rs8042919) of TRPM7 gene which is suggested to play roles in regulating the cellular homeostasis of Ca2+, Mg2+, and trace metals, has recently been reported to be associated with Guamanian patients with ALS/PDC. To investigate whether TRPM7 is associated with Kii ALS/PDC, we conducted parametric linkage analyses of the TRPM7 locus in a large extended family with ALS/PDC. Linkage analysis did not reveal any evidence supporting the linkage to the TRPM7 locus. Resequencing of the entire coding region of TRPM7 did not reveal any pathogenic mutations in an affected individual in this family. The allele frequencies of the T1482I in affected individuals in this family or in those from other families are not significantly different from those in regional controls or those in HapMap‐JPT samples. These results indicate that TRPM7 is not associated with ALS/PDC in the Kii peninsula of Japan. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Distribution and abundance of sacred monkeys in Igboland, southern Nigeria
Authors: Baker Lynne R. , Tanimola Adebowale A. , Olubode Oluseun S. , Garshelis David L. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractAlthough primates are hunted on a global scale, some species are protected against harassment and killing by taboos or religious doctrines. Sites where the killing of sacred monkeys or the destruction of sacred groves is forbidden may be integral to the conservation of certain species. In 2004, as part of a distribution survey of Sclater's guenon (Cercopithecus sclateri) in southern Nigeria, we investigated reports of sacred monkeys in the Igbo‐speaking region of Nigeria. We confirmed nine new sites where primates are protected as sacred: four with tantalus monkeys (Chlorocebus tantalus) and five with mona monkeys (Cercopithecus mona). During 2004–2006, we visited two communities (Akpugoeze and Lagwa) previously known to harbor sacred populations of Ce. sclateri to estimate population abundance and trends. We directly counted all groups and compared our estimates with previous counts when available. We also estimated the size of sacred groves and compared these with grove sizes reported in the literature. The mean size of the sacred groves in Akpugoeze (2.06 ha, n=10) was similar to others in Africa south of the Sahel, but larger than the average grove in Lagwa (0.49 ha, n=15). We estimated a total population of 124 Sclater's monkeys in 15 groups in Lagwa and 193 monkeys in 20 groups in Akpugoeze. The Akpugoeze population was relatively stable over two decades, although the proportion of infants declined, and the number of groups increased. As Sclater's monkey does not occur in any official protected areas, sacred populations are important to the species' long‐term conservation. Despite the monkeys' destruction of human crops, most local people still adhere to the custom of not killing monkeys. These sites represent ideal locations in which to study the ecology of Sclater's monkey and human–wildlife interactions. Am. J. Primatol. 71:574–586, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An Efficient Method Based on the Photothermal Effect for the Release of Molecules from Metal Nanoparticle Surfaces
Authors: Bakhtiari Amir Bahman Samsam , Hsiao Dennis , Jin Guoxia , Gates Byron D. , Branda Neil R. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBei der Lichtabsorption heizen sich Metallnanopartikel auf. Dadurch erhöht sich auch die Temperatur in ihrer Umgebung. Dieses Phänomen lässt sich nutzen, um in einem molekularen System, das an der Nanopartikeloberfläche verankert ist, selektiv Bindungsbrüche herbeizuführen (siehe Bild). Der Prozess könnte zu einer allgemeinen Methode der lokalisierten Wirkstoff‐Freisetzung ausgearbeitet werden, die schwere Gewebsschäden vermeidet.magnified image
All‐in‐One Target‐Cell‐Specific Magnetic Nanoparticles for Simultaneous Molecular Imaging and siRNA Delivery
Authors: Lee Jae‐Hyun , Lee Kyuri , Moon Seung Ho , Lee Yuhan , Park Tae Gwan , Cheon Jinwoo 
Published: April 2009

AbstractEine gezielte Genstummschaltung in Krebszellen gelang mit magnetischen Eisenoxid‐Nanopartikeln (MEIO), an denen ein Fluoreszenzfarbstoff, siRNA sowie ein RGD‐Peptid zur Erkennung von Krebszellen angebracht waren (siehe Bild). Die verschiedenen funktionellen Einheiten ermöglichen eine kombinierte makroskopische (Kernspin‐) und mikroskopische (Fluoreszenz‐)Tomographie der Zielzellen. Dieses System könnte sich für die parallele diagnostische und therapeutische Anwendung eignen.magnified image
Total Synthesis and Stereochemical Assignment of Micrococcin P1
Authors: Lefranc David , Ciufolini Marco A. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWas lange währt …︁ Fünfzig Jahre nach Entdeckung des Thiopeptid‐Antibiotikums Micrococcin P1 ist es nun gelungen, die konstitutionellen und stereochemischen Ungewissheiten in Bezug auf seine Struktur durch eine Totalsynthese und die Zuordnung der absoluten Konfiguration zu beseitigen (siehe Bild).magnified image
Understanding Covalent Mechanochemistry
Authors: Ribas‐Arino Jordi , Shiga Motoyuki , Marx Dominik 
Published: April 2009

AbstractDie Zeit ist reif: Eine allgemeingültige theoretische Beschreibung auf der Grundlage von krafttransformierten Potentialflächen erklärt die Resultate aktueller Experimente im aufstrebenden Feld der kovalenten Mechanochemie.magnified image
Spontaneous Formation of Giant Unilamellar Vesicles from Microdroplets of a Polyion Complex by Thermally Induced Phase Separation
Authors: Oana Hidehiro , Kishimura Akihiro , Yonehara Kei , Yamasaki Yuichi , Washizu Masao , Kataoka Kazunori 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWasserpumpe: Vesikel aus polyionischen Komplexen (PICs) entstehen spontan aus PIC‐Mikrotröpfchen, die beim Vermischen kationischer und anionischer Polymere gebildet werden (siehe Bild). Der Bildungsprozess kann durch lokales Erhitzen mit einem fokussierten IR‐Laser, der die Trennung der Mikrophasen mit anschließendem Wassereinfluss auslöst, reversibel kontrolliert werden. Die ursprüngliche Größe der PIC‐Tröpfchen bestimmt die Größe der unilamellaren Vesikel.magnified image
Enantioselective Robinson‐Type Annulation Reaction Catalyzed by Chiral Phosphoric Acids
Authors: Akiyama Takahiko , Katoh Takuya , Mori Keiji 
Published: April 2009

AbstractDurch zwei Phosphorsäuren werden eine enantioselektive Michael‐Addition und eine nachfolgende intramolekulare Aldolreaktion katalysiert, die Cyclohexenonderivate mit hervorragenden Enantioselektivitäten liefern. Bei der zweiten Reaktion wird eine ausgeprägte kinetische Racematspaltung beobachtet. Ar=Aryl; X=H, Halogen; Y=H, Me, Halogen.magnified image
An Efficient Method Based on the Photothermal Effect for the Release of Molecules from Metal Nanoparticle Surfaces
Authors: Bakhtiari Amir Bahman Samsam , Hsiao Dennis , Jin Guoxia , Gates Byron D. , Branda Neil R. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractPlease release me: The heat generated when metal nanoparticles absorb light results in a significant increase in the temperature of the environment around the particles and is used to selectively break bonds within a molecular system anchored to the nanoparticle surface (see picture). This process represents an advantageous and more universal method to deliver chemicals locally, while avoiding excessive tissue damage.magnified image
All‐in‐One Target‐Cell‐Specific Magnetic Nanoparticles for Simultaneous Molecular Imaging and siRNA Delivery
Authors: Lee Jae‐Hyun , Lee Kyuri , Moon Seung Ho , Lee Yuhan , Park Tae Gwan , Cheon Jinwoo 
Published: April 2009

AbstractCancer‐cell‐targeted gene silencing was observed with a magnetic‐nanoparticle platform (MEIO, magnetism‐engineered iron oxide) on which a fluorescent dye, siRNA, and a RGD‐peptide targeting moiety were attached (see picture). The different functionalities enable the macroscopic (magnetic resonance) and microscopic (fluorescence) imaging of target cells. This system may be suitable for concurrent diagnostic and therapeutic applications.magnified image
A Xenon‐129 Biosensor for Monitoring MHC–Peptide Interactions
Authors: Schlundt Andreas , Kilian Wolfgang , Beyermann Michael , Sticht Jana , Günther Sebastian , Höpner Sabine , Falk Kirsten , Roetzschke Olaf , Mitschang Lorenz , Freund Christian 
Published: April 2009

AbstractCaged in: The formation of a complex between a peptide ligand and a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II protein is detected by a 129Xe biosensor. Cryptophane molecules that trap Xe atoms are modified with a hemagglutinin (HA) peptide, which binds to the MHC protein. The interaction can be monitored by an NMR chemical shift change of cage–HA bound 129Xe.magnified image
Development of a Fluorescent Pb2+ Sensor
Authors: Marbella Lauren , Serli‐Mitasev Barbara , Basu Partha 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA real turn‐on: The emission intensity of heterocycle 1 increases upon binding to Pb2+. Thus, 1 acts as a small‐molecule “turn‐on” fluorescent sensor for lead. The sensor is highly selective and is functional over a wide range of pH values.magnified image
Developmental expression of odorant‐binding proteins and chemosensory proteins in the embryos of Locusta migratoria
Authors: Yu Yanxue , Zhang Shangan , Zhang Long , Zhao Xingbo 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe have investigated the development of chemosensilla and the secretion of odorant‐binding proteins (OBPs) and chemosensory proteins (CSPs) in the embryo of Locusta migratoria manilensis. We first report the changes of each sensillum in embryo just preceding hatch in detail and show that different sensilla have different developmental processes. Trichogen cells are first involved in forming the structure of pegs, and then, after retraction, they start secreting OBPs and CSPs in the sensillar lymph. The synthesis of LmigOBP1 starts during the embryogenesis about 0.5 h preceding hatching, specifically in sensilla trichodea and basiconica of the antenna. LmigOBP2, instead, was only found in the outer sensillum lymph (oSl) of sensilla chaetica of the antenna, while we could not detect LmigOBP3 in any type of sensilla of the antenna. The ontogenesis of CSPs in the embryos is similar to that of OBPs. Expression of CSPI homolog in Locusta migratoria is detected using the antiserum raised against SgreCSPI. CSPI is specifically expressed in the outer sensillum lymph of sensilla chaetica of the antenna, and anti‐LmigCSPII dose not label any sensilla of the embryos. These data indicate that in locusts, OBPs and CSPs follow different temporal expression patterns, and also that OBPs are expressed in different types of sensilla. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.