bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Miami Fiscal Crisis
Authors: Dluhy Milan J. , Frank Howard A. 
Published: June 2024

Drawing heavily on contributing cultural and ethnic factors, this book analyzes Miami's fiscal insolvency since 1996 and describes what led to the financial crisis, the explanations for the crisis, and the reasons for a slow recovery. Comparing Miami's insolvency with the earlier fiscal crises in Philadelphia, New York City, and Orange County, CA, the authors show the role of Miami's poor economic climate, the increasing ethnic influence, the emphasis on fiscal conservatism and a pay-as-you-go philosophy, the lack of standard and professional budgetary practices, and the corruption of several city officials. In conclusion, the authors consider Miami's outlook for the future.
To fully understand Miami's original crisis and the extremely slow financial recovery, the authors believe it is necessary to explore how the dominant culture contributed to the city's financial problems. The authors show that structural features of the local government are less important than broader cultural and ethnic attitudes and practices.
Migrant Education
Authors: Gouwens Judith A 
Published: June 2024

A comprehensive reference describing the educational issues faced by migrant workers and the economic, political, sociological, and language issues schools and educators face in trying to address migrant needs. In this comprehensive primer, author Judith A. Gouwens describes the many factors that complicate the education of migrant children, youth, and adults. For many migrant families, their children's work is necessary if the family is to earn enough money to subsist. Added to this are problems with constantly transferring school records of mobile students, the inability of parents to communicate with teachers and school administrators in their native tongue, and the differences between Mexico and the United States in the culture of education.
Migrant Educationdiscusses who migrant workers are, the conditions that interfere with the educational success of migrant children, how the issue has been addressed historically, and how to break the cycle of educational disadvantage. It also includes a chronology, directories, and bibliographies.
Modern Spanish Dramatists
Authors: Parker Mary 
Published: June 2024

Since its Golden Age, Spanish drama has evolved in considerably unintended and unexpected ways with the contemporary playwrights of any present time engaging in experimental forms and treating current political issues intended to modernize, reformulate, and re-conceptualize the State and the stage. This reference includes alphabetically arranged entries on 33 Spanish dramatists from the eighteenth century to the present. Some of these figures have been translated, anthologized, and studied for centuries; others remain known chiefly to specialists; still others are active in contemporary theater and draw critical interest for their innovative work.
Each of the entries is written by an expert contributor and provides an overview of the dramatist's life and art. Each includes a brief biography; a discussion of works, themes, and dramaturgy; an overview of the critical and scholarly response to the playwright's productions; and primary and secondary bibliographies. As a whole, the volume highlights trends, movements, and historical contexts related to modern Spanish drama. A lengthy introductory essay overviews the history and development of Spanish drama since the Golden Age, and extensive bibliographies conclude the work.
Multi-Criteria Methods for Alternative Dispute Resolution
Authors: Nagel Stuart S. , Mills Miriam K. 
Published: June 2024

This work examines the topic of dispute resolution, specifically the multi-criteria approach that seeks to arrive at a conclusion that is mutually beneficial to both sides. Through the use of decision-aiding software, the multi-criteria approach can allow each side to give on various criteria that are not important to it, but are important to the other side. In this way, a super-optimum solution may even be met, in which both sides receive something significantly better than they had expected. Such a result is very difficult, if not impossible, to achieve, Stuart Nagel points out, in traditional single-dimension dispute resolution.
Nagel and Mills describe the nature of multi-criteria dispute resolution utilizing decision-aiding software. The first part of the book clarifies the general character of computer-aided negotiation, computer-aided mediation, and super-optimizing dispute resolution. Part two guides the reader through the use of Policy/Goal Percentaging (P/G%) decision-aiding software, centering on general decision-making, negotiation, mediation, and prediction of outcomes. Multi-criteria resolution in the context of rule-making and legal policy disputes is the focus of part three, where such matters as determining initial alternatives and criteria, resolving deadlocks, and arriving at super-optimum solutions are discussed. Part four emphasizes dispute resolution in the context of rule-applying and litigation disputes, as well as mediation at the international level and between lawyers and clients. The final part deals with future applications, such as computer-aided mediation and group decision-making with phone modems. The book's combination of decision-aiding software, arbitration-mediation, and super-optimum expansionist decision-making brings a truly innovative approach to the topic of dispute resolution. This volume should be a welcome addition to academic, legal, and public libraries, and a valuable reference work for lawyers, law students, and legal professors and researchers.
Murder in Victorian Scotland
Authors: MacGowan Douglas 
Published: June 2024

A new look at the life and 1857 trial of Madeleine Smith, the young Scottish woman accused of poisoning an undesired suitor, this book uses analyses of Smith's correspondence with the victim and her trial testimony to reveal much about Victorian society, Scottish law, and the woman who received the nebulous verdict of not proven. The verdict not proven is unique to Scotland: while allowing a defendant to go free, the verdict often carries a stigma, as it not only indicates that the prosecution failed to prove its case, but also states that the defense failed to convince the jury of the defendant's innocence. Emile L'Angelier, the son of a working-class family from the Channel Islands, and Madeleine Smith, the daughter of a wealthy Glasgow family, were never properly introduced; however, they carried on an illicit affair that would end in tragedy. The absence of a clear verdict in this murder trial rocked Victorian Scotland and England. The story of the young girl who (presumably) poisoned her secret lover so that she could go forward with a family-arranged marriage would live on in print, on stage, and on the screen throughout the following century and a half.
By analyzing the correspondence between Madeleine and Emile, the criminal trial testimony, and the pathology reports on Emile's body,Murder in Victorian Scotlandgives the most complete picture to date of the events surrounding this infamous crime. This book shows Madeleine's rise from an anonymous defendant into one of the leading social celebrities of the day. An in-depth look at the writings of Madeleine's biographers details the variety of ways in which Madeleine and Emile were depicted, various theories regarding the facts of the alleged crime, and the folklore mystique of the notorious case.Murder in Victorian Scotlandprovides valuable insight into the limited world of Victorian women and the great divide between social classes that doomed the daring relationship even before it had begun.
A Mythic Land Apart
Authors: Appleton Thomas H. , Smith John David 
Published: June 2024

Utilizing biographical, demographic, political, social, and cultural approaches, the nine essays in this book provide a probing look at the South's diversity and its important place in the national past. The authors explore the tension between the South's well-worn mythic images and the diversity that bred such influential leaders as Philip Mazzei, Henry Clay, A. B. Happy Chandler, and John Sherman Cooper. The chapters illustrate the South's complexity in assessing the region's plain folk, slave panics, military strategy, racial reform, and temperance movement. The book untangles the South's mythology and offers fresh and penetrating insights into the ongoing reassessment of the region.
Written by leading experts on the South's rich past, this book provides nine essays on the history of the South. Utilizing biographical, demographic, political, social, and cultural approaches, the essays provide a probing look at the South's diversity and its important place in the national past. The authors explore the tension between the South's well-worn images and the diversity that bred such influential leaders as Philip Mazzei, Henry Clay, A. B. Happy Chandler, and John Sherman Cooper.
The South has always been a land of complexity and change.A Mythic Land Apartillustrates this in assessing the region's plain folk, slave panics, military strategy, racial reform, and temperance movement. Whether captured in fiction, film, or historical literature, the South's history remains intertwined with its mythic self. The essays in this book untangle the South's mythololgy and offer fresh and penetrating insights into the ongoing reassessment of the region.
Opening New Markets
Authors: Dunn Walter S. 
Published: June 2024

After the conclusion of Pontiac's Uprising, frontier trade reopened in 1765. Unfortunately, for the colonists, the renewed activity favored the French in Canada and Illinois and the British traders in Quebec and Montreal. Only three British regiments were assigned to frontier duty, an inadequate number of troops to enforce trade regulations against the French. To keep the peace with local tribes, the British army allowed the French to trade anywhere, while colonial merchants were restricted to army trading posts. Had the army been more astute in protecting colonial interests, colonial merchants might have been more favorable toward paying taxes in support of military efforts.
Frontier commerce was a major component of the colonial economy, ranking third in export behind tobacco and rice. The European demand for fashionable broad-brimmed beaver hats was the driving force that created turmoil on the frontier from 1765 to 1768. After the cession of Canada to Britain in 1763, the French obtained half the beaver pelt exports by forcibly diverting them from Quebec to New Orleans and then on to France. This competition hurt wealthy colonial merchants in New York City and Philadelphia, who blamed the British army and set the tone for the coming conflict.
Partial Reason
Authors: Talbot Sally E. 
Published: June 2024

Traditionally the ethic of care has been associated with women while the ethic of justice has been associated with men. In recent years some feminist philosophers have turned their energies to developing theories of care and to exploring the epistemological assumptions on which the ethic of care is based. This volume proposes an original theory of care, building on insights of both feminist and non-feminist critics of liberal moral theory, gleaning ideas from feminist ethics and epistemologies, and stimulated by the writings of post-colonial feminists. The author shows that a number of ethical and epistemological imperatives can be defined through the philosophical elaboration of an ethic of care and the endeavor to know and to care well.
Can the actual experienced practices of caring and the abstract conceptual thought process of philosophy be mutually informing? The author argues that the concrete everyday response of care provides the grounds for new ways of thinking about both ethics and reason. By examining the works of Kant, Mill, and Rawls, she describes and defends a radical critique of the liberal moral theory of Gilligan and Noddings and a transformed ethic of care, accounting for care as both action and disposition. This vigorous study will have applications in the fields of sociology, ethics, moral and political philosophy, political science, nursing, medicine, and education. A comprehensive and up-to-date Bibliography provides readers with excellent resources for further study.
The Politics of Nonformal Education in Latin America
Authors: Torres Carlos A. 
Published: June 2024

Torres here brings a unique theoretical perspective to the study of the politics of nonformal education in Latin America. Using the literacy programs in several Latin American countries--including Mexico, Cuba, Nicaragua, and Grenada--as the prime examples of adult educational reform, Torres examines such issues as: Why are given educational policies created? How are they constructed, planned, and implemented? Who are the most relevant actors in their formulation and operationalization? What are the implications of such policies for both clients and the broader society? What are the fundamental, systematic, and organizational processes involved? Throughout, Torres uses an approach based on a political sociology and informed by political economy analysis. Challenging the established assumptions of mainstream adult and nonformal education, he argues persuasively that, rather than providing new training for the labor force or attempting to improve the living conditions of the poor, the nonformal education policies in Latin America have played an integral role in governments' attempts to legitimize the capitalist state.
Torres begins by addressing some of the basic problems of illiteracy and adult education in Latin America. He then offers a brief overview of the relations between the state and education, which sets the stage for the theoretical discussion in the following chapters. Subsequent chapters analyze the political economy of adult education in Latin America and explore the political implications of adult education and literacy training. An in-depth study of education reform in socialist-oriented countries contrasts the pre- and post-revolutionary situation in adult education in Cuba, Nicaragua, and Grenada. The national system of adult education in Mexico during the late 1970s and early 1980s also receives extended treatment. Finally, Torres presents both a theoretical and methodological perspective for the study of adult education policy formation and a new agenda for research inspired by the political sociology of education. Students and scholars of Latin American studies and comparative education will find this work an important catalyst for further work on the politics of education in Latin America.
The Praeger Handbook of Transsexuality
Authors: Heath Rachel Ann 
Published: June 2024

People born with one gender's sexual organs who are drawn physically, psychologically, and spiritually to life as a member of the opposite gender, are more common than is generally realized. In this unprecedented book, Heath introduces the transsexual mindset, explaining how identity discord develops and what the most recent research shows about a potential biological basis. She details the history of transsexuality, the psychological, social, and family issues transsexuals face, and the associated legal and human rights issues. Diagrams depicting the major elements in Gender Reassignment Surgery are included, as are explanations of the physiological and psychological effects of hormone therapy and associated procedures for transsexuals, their outcomes, and potential complications. Appendices offer lists of support groups and other resources for transsexual men, women, and family members, a link to a list of surgeons worldwide performing GRS, and a glossary of terms.
When the movieTransamerica—about a pre-operative man in the week before he became a woman—won two Golden Globe Awards and was nominated for an Academy Award in early 2006, cheers went up around the world from the real and growing transsexual community. In fact, people born with one gender's sexual organs who are drawn physically, psychologically, and spiritually to life as a member of the opposite gender, are more common than is generally realized. Gender reassignment surgery is being performed worldwide, from Beverly Hills to New York, and from Canada to England, Switzerland, Australia, Thailand and Hong Kong. In this unprecedented book, Professor Heath introduces the transsexual mindset, explaining how identity discord develops and what the most recent research shows about a potential biological basis. She details the history of transsexuality, the psychological, social, and family issues transsexuals face, and the associated legal and human rights issues. Diagrams depicting the major elements in Gender Reassignment Surgery are included, as are explanations of the physiological and psychological effects of hormone therapy and associated procedures for transsexuals, their outcomes, and potential complications. The book covers pioneers in gender reassignment such as sexologist Harry Benjamin, M.D., and famous transsexed people including Christine Jorgenson, who made headlines worldwide in 1952 and 1953. Appendices offer lists of support groups and other resources for transsexual men, women, and family members, a link to a list of surgeons worldwide performing GRS, a glossary of transsexed terms, and a summary of the Harry Benjamin Gender Dysphoria Association, the largest international organization focused on transsexuality.
Presidential Accountability
Authors: Orman John 
Published: June 2024

This book assesses the state of presidential accountability in the post-Reagan era. It looks at five major areas of concern for students of the presidency. These problem areas concern (1.) presidents, national security, and civil liberties; (2.) controlling the intelligence community; (3.) the politized nature of the Justice Department; (4.) celebrity politics and symbolic manipulation; and (5.) the popularity of the Reagan administration and its implications for accountability. The research concludes that in the post- modern presidency, we have lost the desire and power to keep presidents accountable for their actions.
After discussing the problem of presidential accountability in the opening chapter, the book turns to the checkered pasts of American presidents with respect to protecting civil liberties. It then examines the problems of presidential accountability that are posed by the intelligence community. Next, it looks at the exercises of the president's discretionary power in the criminal justice policy arena. The newer phenomenon of Celebrity Politics is explored next in terms of the consequences it has on citizens who want to keep the American president in check. Following this, the lessons of the popular Reagan presidency on presidential accountability are outlined. Finally, it concludes by lamenting the loss of presidential accountability in the American political system. This book should appeal to presidential researchers and anyone interested in the American presidency.
Encyclopedia of Presidential Campaigns, Slogans, Issues, and Platforms
Authors: Hammond Scott John , Roberts Robert North 
Published: June 2024

I Like Ike. 54-40 or Fight. A Chicken in Every Pot. We are all familiar with these phrases, but did you know they began as presidential campaign slogans? Every presidential candidate must get his or her message out to the voters—but how is it done, and what exactly is the message? Roberts and Hammond collect the many messages and discuss the speeches, buttons, television advertisements, and other means presidential hopefuls have used to get their election platforms across to—and memorized by—a huge voting public.
The second half, organized in A-to-Z entries, focuses on important figures, slogans, events, and ideas that gave each campaign its unique flavor. Over 100 illustrations complement the entries, and a detailed timeline provides a handy point of reference for users. The work is thoroughly cross-referenced, and full bibliographic details are provided.
Presidents of Central America, Mexico, Cuba, and Hispaniola
Authors: Alexander Robert J. 
Published: June 2024

This book consists of notes of conversations by one of America's leading Latin Americanists, as well as his correspondence with more than two dozen presidents of the Central American republics, Mexico, Cuba, Haiti, and the Dominican Republic. In some cases, there are numerous conversations and letters with individual chief executives; in other instances, there are only individual conversations or notes on talks which the author heard.
Each entry reflects the thinking of the person involved at the time of the interview or letter and many shed light on the activities of the individual presidents. Before the items dealing with each particular country, Alexander provides introductory notes, giving information on the individuals dealt with in that country as well as the circumstances of the letters and conversations. These materials, together with those contained in earlier volumes dealing with South America, provide students of 20th-century Latin America unique insight into its political leadership and its history from the 1940s onward.
Privatization and Economic Reform in Central Europe
Authors: Rondinelli Dennis A. 
Published: June 2024

A fundamental characteristic of the global economy during the 1990s is the reinvigoration of the private sector as the driving force for economic growth and social progress. This book surveys Central Europe during the early period of transition from late 1989 to early 1993, when governments were experimenting with privatization and economic reform, and assesses how privatization and economic reform policies have changed the business climate there. Rondinelli and his contributors provide an overview of economic reforms in Central European countries, offer a framework by which to compare them, describe the approaches to privatization their governments adopted, and identify the problems and challenges that each country faces in attempting to create a market-oriented economy. The result is a valuable resource for international management, international trade policy makers, and scholars of international business.
The process of economic restructuring is especially important and particularly complex in Central Europe, where Poland, Hungary, the Czech and Slovak Republics, Slovenia, and other independent states of former Yugoslavia are struggling to transform themselves from socialist to market economies. Each country faces equally complex challenges, however, in creating a new business climate that will nourish domestic enterprise and attract investments by multinational corporations. These challenges include: (1) privatizing state-owned enterprises that have dominated the economies of socialist countries; (2) developing public policies and programs that support the private sector, especially small- and medium-scale enterprises; (3) decentralizing the state administrative structure to allow regional and local governments to play a more active role in providing public services and supporting private enterprise; and (4) restructuring industry, agriculture, and services in order to diversify and reinvigorate the economic base (including infrastructure) of regions surrounding cities that are still dominated by heavy (and now largely obsolescent) manufacturing industries.
This book surveys the situation in Central Europe during the early period of transition in the early 1990s when governments in all four countries were experimenting with privatization and economic reform. The authors assess how privatization and economic reform policies have changed the business climate in this important region of the world. The editor provides an overview of economic reforms in Central European countries, offers a framework by which to compare them, describes the approaches to privatization their governments adopted, and identifies the problems and challenges that each country faces in attempting to create a market-oriented economy.