bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating Perioperative Heart Migration during Robot-Assisted Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Interventions
Authors: Linte Cristian A. , Cho Daniel S. , Wedlake Chris , Moore John , Chen Elvis , Bainbridge Daniel , Patel Rajni , Peters Terry , Kiaii Bob B. 
Published: October 2011

Objective For robot-assisted coronary artery bypass graft interventions, surgeons typically use a preoperative thoracic computed tomography scan of the patient to plan the procedure. However, the cardiac anatomy is prone to changes induced perioperatively in the effort to access the heart and surgical targets, which, in turn, may invalidate the initial plan. This article presents a method to estimate the perioperative heart migration, information which can be further exploited to refine the preoperative surgical plan. Methods Tracked transesophageal ultrasound images of four patients’ hearts were acquired at each stage in the procedure: before lung deflation, after lung deflation, and after both lung deflation and CO2 thoracic insufflation. Anatomic features of interest—the mitral and aortic valves—were identified from each dataset, and their movement between the different procedure stages was recorded and used to estimate the global heart displacement. Moreover, the local morphology of the features of interest was investigated to provide insight on the extent of the deformation the heart has undergone during the workflow. Results The study suggested that the heart does undergo substantial displacement—on the order of 10 to 15 mm in each direction (axial, coronal, and sagittal) after lung deflation and CO2 thoracic insufflation. However, no significant differences (P > 0.1) were observed in the morphologic characteristics of the features of interest across the multiple workflow stages, suggesting that local deformations occur at a much smaller scale compared with the global migration. Conclusions The quantification of the perioperatively induced changes is critical to track the displacement of the heart and surgical targets. The recorded migration patterns should not be ignored but rather be used to update the surgical plan to better suit the intraoperative environment.
Proteomic Analysis of a Sea-Ice Diatom: Salinity Acclimation Provides New Insight into the Dimethylsulfoniopropionate Production Pathway
Authors: Lyon Barbara R. , Lee Peter A. , Bennett Jennifer M. , DiTullio Giacomo R. , Janech Michael G. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) plays important roles in oceanic carbon and sulfur cycling and may significantly impact climate. It is a biomolecule synthesized from the methionine (Met) pathway and proposed to serve various physiological functions to aid in environmental stress adaptation through its compatible solute, cryoprotectant, and antioxidant properties. Yet, the enzymes and mechanisms regulating DMSP production are poorly understood. This study utilized a proteomics approach to investigate protein changes associated with salinity-induced DMSP increases in the model sea-ice diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus (CCMP 1102). We hypothesized proteins associated with the Met-DMSP biosynthesis pathway would increase in relative abundance when challenged with elevated salinity. To test this hypothesis axenic log-phase cultures initially grown at a salinity of 35 were gradually shifted to a final salinity of 70 over a 24-h period. Intracellular DMSP was measured and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to identify protein changes at 48 h after the shift. Intracellular DMSP increased by approximately 85% in the hypersaline cultures. One-third of the proteins increased under high salinity were associated with amino acid pathways. Three protein isoforms of S-adenosylhomo-cysteine hydrolase, which synthesizes a Met precursor, increased 1.8- to 2.1-fold, two isoforms of S-adenosyl Met synthetase increased 1.9- to 2.5-fold, and S-adenosyl Met methyltransferase increased by 2.8-fold, suggesting active methyl cycle proteins are recruited in the synthesis of DMSP. Proteins from the four enzyme classes of the proposed algal Met transaminase DMSP pathway were among the elevated proteins, supporting our hypothesis and providing candidate genes for future characterization studies.
Laser Microdissection Unravels Cell-Type-Specific Transcription in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Roots, Including CAAT-Box Transcription Factor Gene Expression Correlating with Fungal Contact and Spread
Authors: Hogekamp Claudia , Arndt Damaris , Pereira Patrícia A. , Becker Jörg D. , Hohnjec Natalija , Küster Helge 
Published: October 2011

AbstractArbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) are the most widespread symbioses on Earth, promoting nutrient supply of most terrestrial plant species. To unravel gene expression in defined stages of Medicago truncatula root colonization by AM fungi, we here combined genome-wide transcriptome profiling based on whole mycorrhizal roots with real-time reverse transcription-PCR experiments that relied on characteristic cell types obtained via laser microdissection. Our genome-wide approach delivered a core set of 512 genes significantly activated by the two mycorrhizal fungi Glomus intraradices and Glomus mossae. Focusing on 62 of these genes being related to membrane transport, signaling, and transcriptional regulation, we distinguished whether they are activated in arbuscule-containing or the neighboring cortical cells harboring fungal hyphae. In addition, cortical cells from nonmycorrhizal roots served as a reference for gene expression under noncolonized conditions. Our analysis identified 25 novel arbuscule-specific genes and 37 genes expressed both in the arbuscule-containing and the adjacent cortical cells colonized by fungal hyphae. Among the AM-induced genes specifying transcriptional regulators were two members encoding CAAT-box binding transcription factors (CBFs), designated MtCbf1 and MtCbf2. Promoter analyses demonstrated that both genes were already activated by the first physical contact between the symbionts. Subsequently, and corresponding to our cell-type expression patterns, they were progressively up-regulated in those cortical areas colonized by fungal hyphae, including the arbuscule-containing cells. The encoded CBFs thus represent excellent candidates for regulators that mediate a sequential reprogramming of root tissues during the establishment of an AM symbiosis.
Strigolactone Biosynthesis in Medicago truncatula and Rice Requires the Symbiotic GRAS-Type Transcription Factors NSP1 and NSP2
Authors: Liu Wei , Kohlen Wouter , Lillo Alessandra , Op den Camp Rik , Ivanov Sergey , Hartog Marijke , Limpens Erik , Jamil Muhammad , Smaczniak Cezary , Kaufmann Kerstin , Yang Wei-Cai , Hooiveld Guido J.E.J. , Charnikhova Tatsiana , Bouwmeester Harro J. , Bisseling Ton , Geurts René 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Legume GRAS (GAI, RGA, SCR)-type transcription factors NODULATION SIGNALING PATHWAY1 (NSP1) and NSP2 are essential for rhizobium Nod factor-induced nodulation. Both proteins are considered to be Nod factor response factors regulating gene expression after symbiotic signaling. However, legume NSP1 and NSP2 can be functionally replaced by nonlegume orthologs, including rice (Oryza sativa) NSP1 and NSP2, indicating that both proteins are functionally conserved in higher plants. Here, we show that NSP1 and NSP2 are indispensable for strigolactone (SL) biosynthesis in the legume Medicago truncatula and in rice. Mutant nsp1 plants do not produce SLs, whereas in M. truncatula, NSP2 is essential for conversion of orobanchol into didehydro-orobanchol, which is the main SL produced by this species. The disturbed SL biosynthesis in nsp1 nsp2 mutant backgrounds correlates with reduced expression of DWARF27, a gene essential for SL biosynthesis. Rice and M. truncatula represent distinct phylogenetic lineages that split approximately 150 million years ago. Therefore, we conclude that regulation of SL biosynthesis by NSP1 and NSP2 is an ancestral function conserved in higher plants. NSP1 and NSP2 are single-copy genes in legumes, which implies that both proteins fulfill dual regulatory functions to control downstream targets after rhizobium-induced signaling as well as SL biosynthesis in nonsymbiotic conditions.
Performance enhancement of real‐time computing for small unmanned helicopter autopilot
Authors: Kodirov Nodir , Kim Doo‐Hyun , Kim Junyeong , Song Seunghwa , Moon Changjoo 
Published: October 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to make performance improvements and timely critical execution enhancements for operational flight program (OFP). The OFP is core software of autonomous control system of small unmanned helicopter.Design/methodology/approachIn order to meet the time constraints and enhance control application performance, two major improvements were done at real‐time operating system (RTOS) kernel. They are thread scheduling algorithm and lock‐free thread message communication mechanism. Both of them have a direct relationship with system efficiency and indirect relationship with helicopter control application execution stability through improved deadline keeping characteristics.FindingsIn this paper, the suitability of earliest deadline first (EDF) scheduling algorithm and non‐blocking buffer (NBB) mechanism are illustrated with experimental and practical applications. Results of this work show that EDF contributes around 15 per cent finer‐timely execution and NBB enhances kernel's responsiveness around 35 per cent with respect to the number of thread context switch and CPU utilization. These apply for OFP implemented over embedded configurable operating system (eCos) RTOS on x86 architecture‐based board.Practical implicationsThis paper illustrates an applicability of deadline‐based real‐time scheduling algorithm and lock‐free kernel communication mechanism for performance enhancement and timely critical execution of autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle control system.Originality/valueThis paper illustrates a novel approach to extend RTOS kernel modules based on unmanned aerial vehicle control application execution scenario. Lock‐free thread communication mechanism is implemented, and tested for applicability at RTOS. Relationship between UAV physical and computation modules are clearly illustrated via an appropriate unified modelling language (UML) collaboration and state diagrams. As experimental tests are conducted not only for a particular application, but also for various producer/consumer scenarios, these adequately demonstrate the applicability of extended kernel modules for general use.
H∞ robust controller for autonomous helicopter hovering control
Authors: Tijani Ismaila B. , Akmeliawati Rini , Legowo Ari , Budiyono Agus , Abdul Muthalif A.G. 
Published: October 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present the synthesis of a robust controller for autonomous small‐scale helicopter hovering control using extended H∞ loop shaping design techniques.Design/methodology/approachThis work presents the development of a robust controller for smooth hovering operation required for many autonomous helicopter operations using H∞ loop shaping technique incorporating the Vinnicombe‐gap (v‐gap) metric for validation of robustness to uncertainties due to parameter variation in the system model. Simulation study was conducted to evaluate the performance of the designed controller for robust stability to uncertainty, disturbance rejection, and time‐domain response in line with ADS‐33E level 1 requirements.FindingsThe proposed techniques for a robust controller exhibit an effective performance for both nominal plant and 20 percent variation in the nominal parameters in terms of robustness to uncertainty, disturbance wind gust attenuation up to 95 percent, and transient performance in compliance with ADS‐33E level 1 specifications.Research limitations/implicationsThe controller is limited to hovering and low‐speed flight envelope.Practical implicationsThis is expected to provide efficient hovering/low‐speed autonomous helicopter flight control required in many civilian unmanned aerial vehicles applications. Also, the technique can be used to simplify the number of robust gain‐scheduled linear controllers required for wide‐envelope flight.Social implicationsThe research will facilitate the deployment of low cost, small‐scale autonomous helicopters in various civilian applications.Originality/valueThe research addresses the challenges of parametric variation inherent in helicopter hovering/low‐speed control using an extended H∞ loop shaping technique with v‐gap metric.
Fresh fruit and vegetables and the added value of antioxidants
Authors: Bartels Jos , van den Berg Isabelle 
Published: October 2011

PurposeThis study aims to focus on how to capitalise on the natural and logical alliance of nutrients in the marketing of fresh fruit and vegetables.Design/methodology/approachA Dutch survey study was carried out among a representative sample of the Dutch population (n=492). Respondents filled out a questionnaire on: perceptions of fresh fruit and vegetables; interest in, knowledge of, and trust in, antioxidants and fresh fruit and vegetables; domain‐specific innovativeness and social identification; means of communication; and information‐seeking and buying behaviour.FindingsBased on consumption patterns, respondents were divided into non‐, light and heavy organic food users. Results show that there are significant differences between the three consumer groups on domain specific innovativeness, social identification and attitudes towards antioxidants in fresh fruit and vegetables.Practical implicationsNon‐users of organic food are difficult to reach with communication regarding nutrients and organic produce, in contrast to light and heavy users. Light users could be triggered by more peripheral message cues, while heavy users are more sensitive to the content of the message. Differentiated strategies for light and heavy users of organic food should be developed in order to effectively communicate the added value of nutrients in fresh fruit and vegetables.Originality/valueThis study is the first to examine the role of domain specific innovativeness and social identification in attitudes towards antioxidants in fresh fruit and vegetables. The empirical findings from this study are expected to benefit the continued development on health communication messages.
The influence of health‐related information on variety‐seeking behavior
Authors: Lin Chien‐Huang , Lin Hung‐Chou , Lee Sheng‐Hsien 
Published: October 2011

PurposeThis paper seeks to explore the effect of mood states and gender on the relationship between health‐related information and variety seeking (VS) behavior among food products.Design/methodology/approachTwo experiments were conducted to examine the moderating effects of mood states and gender on the relationship between health‐related information and VS.FindingsThe results indicate that sad people incorporate more VS than happy people when health warnings and nutritional labeling are absent, but sad and happy people tend to converge to similar levels of VS when health warnings and nutritional labeling are present. Moreover, males incorporate less VS than females when health warnings are present, while females incorporate less VS than males when nutritional labeling is present.Practical implicationsIn the absence of health warnings and nutritional labeling, it is a wiser way for leading brands to cultivate positive consumer moods by utilization of humorous ads, so that they do not search for varied products. For less well‐known brands, inducing negative consumer moods is a better way to encourage brand switching. Further, providing nutritional labeling will strengthen consumer brand loyalty by reducing their VS, especially for females. As the health warnings reduce the VS for males, marketers may take advantage of this effect by associating brand names with health warnings.Originality/valueAs VS is found to be related to over‐consumption, it is important to investigate the effects of health‐related information on VS. However, little empirical evidence has been found on the effect of health‐related information on VS behavior. Further, this study takes into consideration moderating factors as it is important for marketers to realize how health‐related information interacts with the consumer's VS behavior under different mood states and gender. The findings demonstrate that the relationship between health‐related information and VS is moderated by mood states and gender differences, an important contribution to the research on VS behavior.
Acculturation and food habits: lessons to be learned
Authors: Hartwell Heather J. , Edwards John S.A. , Brown Lorraine 
Published: October 2011

PurposeThere is limited research on international students' acculturation with respect to food habits and the food environment. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to evaluate the extent of international (European and Asian) students' food acculturation in the United Kingdom. The paper seeks to report the findings from a qualitative study of the adjustment experience of a group of postgraduate international students at a university in the South of England.Design/methodology/approachSemi‐structured in‐depth interviews were conducted with a group of postgraduate international students (European and Asian) (n=10) at a university in southern England.FindingsA “push‐pull” model towards food choice is proposed where adjustment is described as a dynamic and multifaceted process fluctuating as a result of individual, cultural and external factors. A longing for home was apparent which could be alleviated by paying greater attention to food orientation.Practical implicationsIf adjustment is to be assisted, understanding the complexity of the process will help determine intervention strategies to support international students such as organising extracurricular activities in the form of tasting sessions or cooking clubs during orientation week which coincidently will also allow opportunity for group interaction and familiarisation. There should be an understanding on the part of all service providers and in so doing provide a climate for positive learning.Originality/valueThe paper shows that adjustment can be a stressful experience, where the role of food in student acculturation is under researched. Understanding the complexity of the process will help to determine the intervention strategies to be used by those offering pastoral or social support.
Directing the personnel search part IV: the on‐site interview
Authors: Fitsimmons Gary 
Published: October 2011

PurposeThis paper's purpose is to outline what goes into a well‐done library personnel on‐site interview.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reviews the need for planning and doing background checks leading up to the onsite interview and then suggests items to consider in both the planning and execution of a well thought‐out onsite visit.FindingsThe finding is that planning the onsite interview well is essential to knowing which candidate will work out the best in the long run.Practical implicationsHiring the right person through a well‐thought out process can save time, trouble and expense for years to come.Social implicationsAll job seekers should be treated with respect remembering that all have been in that position and could be in that position again in the future.Originality/valueThe value of the paper is in hiring the right person the first time using a process that is beneficial to everyone involved.
Non‐resident use of public libraries in Appalachia
Authors: Ross Sheri V.T. 
Published: October 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to report on the findings of the first phase of a three‐phase research project that explores the use of public libraries by non‐residents and how public library directors perceive the value of non‐resident use for their libraries and communities. The findings will inform public librarians by revealing strategies and policies that are used for serving non‐resident users.Design/methodology/approachIn‐depth interviews were conducted with 18 library directors throughout the Appalachian region of the eastern USA. A grounded analysis of the interview transcripts using NVivo 8 software was undertaken.FindingsA variety of non‐resident user types was identified. Approaches to offering library services to non‐resident users varied accordingly. People visit communities for a variety of reasons; tourism, genealogical research, or family visits are just a few examples. In doing so, these visitors usually bolster the communities' economies.Practical implicationsBy effectively serving the needs of non‐residents, public libraries support the economic development of their resident communities. These services should be documented, evaluated, and publicized. Libraries with unique collections might consider promoting themselves as destination libraries.Originality/valueThis article is a valuable addition to the literature as little research has been reported about non‐resident library use. In an increasingly mobile society, public librarians must begin a meaningful dialog about how to best serve these important customers.
Impact of the global economic crisis on academic libraries in Malawi
Authors: Harvey Chaputula Aubrey 
Published: October 2011

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to determine the impact of the global economic crisis on University of Malawi Libraries and Mzuzu University Library.Design/methodology/approachA case study methodology was adopted, and data were collected using both interview guides and questionnaires.FindingsFindings show that libraries in this study were not affected much by the global economic crisis. Budgets of the libraries had registered steady increments, and this had positively impacted on collection development activities, staff recruitment and training, infrastructure development, and internal and external travels etc. Effects of the economic crisis, though minor, were evident by the stagnation of some college budgets and absence of scholarships for training abroad.Research limitations/implicationsThe study covered four of the five libraries in the University of Malawi namely the Polytechnic, College of Medicine, Bunda College, Kamuzu College of Nursing and Mzuzu University. Chancellor College Library did not participate because the researcher faced challenges in getting permission from authorities. So much as the results do give a general picture of libraries under the University of Malawi, the findings may not necessarily apply to Chancellor College Library.Originality/valueIn light of the findings, libraries were encouraged to strengthen existing income generating activities, and also explore other ways of generating revenue to cover for shortfalls in the budget that may be prompted by withdrawal of donor funds and cuts in government subvention should the global economic crisis persist.