bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insights into Acinetobacter baumannii pathogenicity
Authors: Cerqueira Gustavo M. , Peleg Anton Y. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAcinetobacter spp. have justifiably received significant attention from the public, scientific, and medical communities. Over recent years, Acinetobacter, particularly Acinetobacter baumannii, has become a “red‐alert” human pathogen, primarily because of its exceptional ability to develop resistance to all currently available antibiotics. This characteristic is compounded by its unique abilities to survive in a diverse range of environments, including those within healthcare institutions, leading to problematic outbreaks. Historically, the virulence of the organism has been questioned, but recent clinical reports suggest that Acinetobacter can cause serious, life‐threatening infections. Furthermore, its metabolic adaptability gives it a selective advantage in harsh hospital environments. This review focuses on current understanding of A. baumannii pathogenesis and the model systems used to study this interesting organism. © 2011 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 63(12): 1055–1060, 2011
The effects of onion (Allium cepa) extract on doxorubicin‐induced apoptosis in aortic endothelial cells
Authors: Alpsoy Seref , Uygur Ramazan , Aktas Cevat , Topcu Birol , Kanter Mehmet , Erboga Mustafa , Karakaya Osman , Gedikbasi Asuman 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of onion (Allium cepa) extracts (ACE) on doxorubicin (DOX)‐induced apoptosis in aortic endothelial cells. The rats in the ACE‐pretreated group were given a daily dose of 1 ml ACE for 14 days. To induce aortic endothelial cell apoptosis, DOX (30 mg kg−1 body weight) was injected intraperitoneally by a single dose and the rats were sacrificed after 48 h. To date, no such studies have been performed on antiapoptotic potential of ACE on DOX‐induced apoptosis in aortic endothelial cells. Our data indicate a significant reduction in the activity of in situ identification of apoptosis using terminal dUTP nick end‐labeling in aortic endothelial cells of the DOX‐treated group with ACE therapy. DOX‐treated with ACE groups showed a significant decrease in malondialdehyde levels and increased levels of glutathione in comparison with the DOX‐treated group. Data from our study show that prevention of endothelial cell apoptosis by ACE may contribute to the restoration of aortic endothelial dysfunction that is associated with DOX treatment. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analytical Characterization of Fatty Acids Composition of Datura alba Seed Oil by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Qureshi Muhammad Nasimullah , Siddique Muhammad , Kanwal Inayat‐ur‐Rahman , Kanwal Farina 
Published: October 2011

AbstractMethyl ester derivatives of fatty acids were analyzed for the determination of the constituents of Datura alba seed oil. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer was used for these analyses. Results delivered that there were saturated as well as unsaturated fatty acids in Datura alba seed oil. Total of 15 different fatty acid components were identified and quantified. Methyl linoleate was found in highest concentration (16.22%) among the identified analytes of interest. In addition methyl esters of Palmitic acid (6.59%), Oleic acid (5.41%) and Stearic acid (1.35%) were found. Concentrations of rest of the detected fatty acids were less than 1%. From the literature it appears that no such work has been performed for the determination of fatty acids in Datura alba seed oil.
Detection of LAMP Products Using CNT Array Electrode
Authors: Zhang Xuzhi , Li Qiufen , Chen Bijiuan , Ma Shaosai , Cui Yi 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe described here a novel strategy for discriminating target gene by integrating loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). After a successful LAMP reaction, the anodic peak current (ipa) of the free 2′‐deoxyguanosine 5′‐triphosphate (dGTP) decreased remarkably at a carbon nanotubes array working electrode, owing to the consumption of free dGTP as one of reactive substrates. Thus, the change of current response was used to characterize the result of LAMP reaction. And hence the presence of the target gene in template DNA could be discriminated easily. The malB gene extracted from Escherichia coli cells was tested as a model. After the reaction for 30 min, the LAMP mix was scanned directly. Then the information of the target gene in 0.8 picogram template DNA was obtained accurately. The result was in good accordance with that obtained with optical‐based methods (gel electrophoresis and fluorescent dye). The new strategy has the advantages of being very simple to perform, rapid response, elimination of post‐amplification processing, avoidance of auxiliary reagents and low cost (there was almost no cost for the detection step). Therefore, it was quite promising for use in miniaturized devices and in the development of point‐of‐care applications.
Ultrasonography guidance reduces complications and costs associated with thoracentesis procedures
Authors: Patel Pankaj A. , Ernst Frank R. , Gunnarsson Candace L. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPurpose.We performed an analysis of hospitalizations involving thoracentesis procedures to determine whether the use of ultrasonographic (US) guidance is associated with differences in complications or hospital costs as compared with not using US guidance.Methods.We used the Premier hospital database to identify patients with ICD‐9 coded thoracentesis in 2008. Use of US guidance was identified using CPT‐4 codes. We performed univariate and multivariable analyses of cost data and adjusted for patient demographics, hospital characteristics, patient morbidity severity, and mortality. Logistic regression models were developed for pneumothorax and hemorrhage adverse events, controlling for patient demographics, morbidity severity, mortality, and hospital size.Results.Of 19,339 thoracentesis procedures, 46% were performed with US guidance. Mean total hospitalization costs were $11,786 (±$10,535) and $12,408 (±$13,157) for patients with and without US guidance, respectively (p < 0.001). Unadjusted risk of pneumothorax or hemorrhage was lower with US guidance (p = 0.019 and 0.078, respectively). Logistic regression analyses demonstrate that US is associated with a 16.3% reduction likelihood of pneumothorax (adjusted odds ratio 0.837, 95% CI: 0.73–0.96; p= 0.014), and 38.7% reduction in likelihood of hemorrhage (adjusted odds ratio 0.613, 95% CI: 0.36–1.04; p = 0.071).Conclusions.US‐guided thoracentesis is associated with lower total hospital stay costs and lower incidence of pneumothorax and hemorrhage. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2011
Making a significant difference with burnout interventions: Researcher and practitioner collaboration
Authors: Maslach Christina , Leiter Michael P. , Jackson Susan E. 
Published: October 2011

SummaryBurnout research over the past 30 years has yielded both knowledge and tools to apply to interventions at unit and organizational levels. Examples of innovative partnerships between researchers and practitioners point to the importance of multi‐level approaches in generating relevant and effective solutions to the burnout problem. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Variations in antioxidant properties of strawberries grown in Brazilian savannah and harvested in different seasons
Authors: Pineli Lívia de L , Moretti Celso L , Rodrigues Juliana SQ , Ferreira Danielle B , Chiarello Marileusa D 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Strawberries are nutritive fruits and a source of antioxidants. We evaluated antioxidant properties of ‘Camino Real’ strawberries grown in the Brazilian savannah, harvested in different seasons. Analytical and meteorological data were analyzed by partial least squares regression.RESULTS: Fruits from May showed the lowest contents of total phenolics (1789.78 mg kg−1 fresh weight (FW)), catechin (21.37 mg kg−1 FW), quercetins (4.89 mg kg−1 FW) and total ellagic acid (208.68 mg kg−1 FW) and the lowest antioxidant activity by 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (11.39 mg Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) eq. g−1 FW) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (22.01 mg ferrous sulfate eq. g−1 FW) assays. Strawberries harvested in July presented the lowest concentrations of total (190.61 mg kg−1 FW) and individual anthocyanins (73.88 mg kg−1 FW and 5.96 mg kg−1 FW for pelargonidin‐3‐glucoside and cyanidin‐3‐glucoside, respectively), but the highest contents of vitamin C (685.47 mg kg−1 FW), DPPH (18.87 mg BHT eq. g−1 FW) and FRAP (39.30 mg ferrous sulfate eq. g−1 FW). The highest contents of free ellagic acid (26.11 mg kg−1 FW), pelargonidin‐3‐glucoside (291.82 mg kg−1 FW) and cyanidin‐3‐glucoside (11.84 mg kg−1 FW) were found in strawberries from September. Rain in the previous 30 days to harvest influenced negatively many phenolics and antioxidant activity of strawberries harvested in May. In July, longer photoperiod and lower temperature at 30 days previous to harvest probably led to higher antioxidant activity and vitamin C. Increased photoperiod and temperature at the final stage of maturation seem to raise pigments and free ellagic acid in strawberries.CONCLUSION: It was possible to observe significant relationships among meteorological and antioxidant variables for strawberries grown in the Brazilian savannah. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization/quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry for rapid analysis of constituents of Suanzaoren decoction
Authors: Yang Bo , Dong Wei , Zhang Aihua , Sun Hui , Wu Fangfang , Wang Ping , Wang Xijun 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA rapid, sensitive, specific and reliable ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization/quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC‐ESI‐Q‐TOF‐MS) method with MassLynx™ MassFragment was developed for the analysis of Suanzaoren decoction (SZRD), a Chinese herbal prescription. The analysis was performed on a Waters UPLC BEH C18 column using gradient elution system. A hyphenated electrospray ionization and Q‐TOF analyzer was used for the determination of accurate mass of the protonated or deprotonated molecule and fragment ion in both negative and positive modes. The chromatographic separation was achieved by UPLC, which used a column with 1.7 μm particle packing which enabled higher speed of analysis, peak capacity, greater resolution and increased sensitivity. The constituents of SZRD were identied and confirmed according to the mass spectrometric fragmentation mechanisms, MS/MS fragment ions, relevant literature and the establishment of an in‐house molecular formula database. With this method, a total of 22 compounds of SZTD were tentatively identied based on MS and MS/MS data and comparison with available databases. It is concluded that a rapid and robust platform based on UPLC‐ESI‐Q‐TOF‐MS was established, which is useful for identifying multiple‐constituent of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescriptions. Our present results proved that the established method could provide helpful chemical information for further pharmacological mechanism research of SZRD.
Management of the “Violated Neck” in the era of chemoradiation
Authors: Loyo Myriam , Johnson Jonas T. , Westra William H. , Chiosea Simion I. , Gourin Christine G. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectives:To determine if patients who have undergone an open neck biopsy (a “violated” neck) have improved disease control and survival with completion neck dissection.Materials and Methods:Retrospective review of patients who underwent open cervical biopsy for diagnosis prior to definitive treatment between February 1997 and February 2010 at two academic tertiary referral centers.Results:Ninety‐four patients met study criteria, with completion neck dissection performed in 53 patients (56%). The majority of patients (84%) had oropharyngeal tumors. Human papilloma virus (HPV) status was positive in 55 of 63 patients (87%). Chemotherapy was used more often in patients treated nonoperatively (88%) compared to patients who underwent neck dissection (49%; P < .001). Five‐year disease‐specific survival (DSS) was 84% for patients treated with neck dissection and 82% for nonoperative treatment (P = .5806), and disease‐free survival (DFS) was 82% for patients treated with neck dissection and 70% for nonoperative treatment (P = .6047). Five‐year DSS was 84% for patients with HPV‐positive disease and 63% for HPV‐negative disease (P = .0086), and DFS was 79% for HPV‐positive disease and 50% for HPV‐negative disease (P = .0004). Only advanced primary tumor (T3/T4) stage (hazard ratio [HR] = 8.8, P = .004) was associated with DSS, whereas advanced primary tumor stage (HR = 5.3, P = .008), N3 disease (HR = 5.6, P = .036), and HPV‐positive disease (HR = 0.2, P = .032) were significant predictors of DFS, after controlling for all other variables.Conclusions:In the era of chemoradiation, completion neck dissection following an open cervical biopsy does not appear to provide a survival advantage. A high proportion of HPV‐positive oropharyngeal tumors may explain the favorable outcomes observed.
Two Routes Towards Photoinitiator‐Free Photopolymerization in Miniemulsion: Acrylate Self‐Initiation and Photoactive Surfactant
Authors: Hoijemberg Pablo A. , Chemtob Abraham , Croutxé‐Barghorn Céline 
Published: October 2011

AbstractTwo novel photoinitiator‐free approaches to photopolymerize acrylic monomers with a conventional Hg lamp starting from an acrylates monomer miniemulsion are investigated. In one system the acrylate nanodroplet reaction is self‐initiated and in the other the use of a photoactive diphenyl ether surfactant yields phenyl and phenoxyl initiating radicals upon UV irradiation. Photopolymerization kinetics are monitored in situ by real‐time Fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy (RT‐FTNIR) and the colloidal properties are systematically investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The up‐scaling of these PI‐free miniemulsion photopolymerizations is carried out in an annular photoreactor.
Functionalization of Reactive Polymeric Coatings via Diels–Alder Reaction Using Microcontact Printing
Authors: Gevrek Tugce Nihal , Ozdeslik Rana Nur , Sahin Gulcan Semra , Yesilbag Gulen , Mutlu Senol , Sanyal Amitav 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe fabrication of polymeric thin films amenable to facile functionalization by reactive μCP via a Diels–Alder reaction is described. Precursor copolymers containing FuMA, PEGMA, and TMSMA are prepared using ATRP. Surface‐tethered thin films of these polymers are obtained on oxidized silicon and glass substrates and patterned with maleimide‐appended dye molecules by simple μCP to demonstrate efficient functionalization via Diels–Alder reaction. Printing of biotin‐based ligands is carried out to demonstrate directed immobilization of the enzyme streptavidin. Due to the thermoreversible nature of the Diels–Alder reaction, these surfaces can be used as rewritable platforms. This is demonstrated by sequential write–erase–rewrite protocols via μCP of a maleimide‐containing fluorescent dye.
The cell cycle and cancer
Authors: Williams Gareth H , Stoeber Kai 
Published: October 2011

AbstractDeregulation of the cell cycle underlies the aberrant cell proliferation that characterizes cancer and loss of cell cycle checkpoint control promotes genetic instability. During the past two decades, cancer genetics has shown that hyperactivating mutations in growth signalling networks, coupled to loss of function of tumour suppressor proteins, drives oncogenic proliferation. Gene expression profiling of these complex and redundant mitogenic pathways to identify prognostic and predictive signatures and their therapeutic targeting has, however, proved challenging. The cell cycle machinery, which acts as an integration point for information transduced through upstream signalling networks, represents an alternative target for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Analysis of the DNA replication initiation machinery and mitotic engine proteins in human tissues is now leading to the identification of novel biomarkers for cancer detection and prognostication, and is providing target validation for cell cycle‐directed therapies. Copyright © 2011 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
TP53 mutations in serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma and concurrent pelvic high‐grade serous carcinoma—evidence supporting the clonal relationship of the two lesions
Authors: Kuhn Elisabetta , Kurman Robert J , Vang Russell , Sehdev Ann Smith , Han Guangming , Soslow Robert , Wang Tian‐Li , Shih Ie‐Ming 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSerous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas (STICs) have been proposed to be the most likely precursor of ovarian, tubal and ‘primary peritoneal’ (pelvic) high‐grade serous carcinoma (HGSC). As somatic mutation of TP53 is the most common molecular genetic change of ovarian HGSC, occurring in more than 95% of cases, we undertook a mutational analysis of 29 pelvic HGSCs that had concurrent STICs to demonstrate the clonal relationship of STICs and HGSCs. In addition, we correlated the mutational data with p53 immunostaining to determine the role of p53 immunoreactivity as a surrogate for TP53 mutations in histological diagnosis. Somatic TP53 mutations were detected in all 29 HGSCs analysed and the identical mutations were detected in 27 of 29 pairs of STICs and concurrent HGSCs. Missense mutations were observed in 61% of STICs and frameshift/splicing junction/nonsense mutations in 39%. Interestingly, there were two HGSCs with two distinctly different TP53 mutations each, but only one of the mutations was detected in the concurrent STICs. Missense mutations were associated with intense and diffuse (≥ 60%) p53 nuclear immunoreactivity, while most of the null mutations were associated with complete loss of p53 staining (p < 0.0001). Overall, this p53 staining pattern yielded a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 100% in detecting TP53 missense mutations. In conclusion, the above findings support the clonal relationship of STIC and pelvic HGSC and demonstrate the utility of p53 immunostaining as a surrogate for TP53 mutation in the histological diagnosis of STIC. In this regard, it is important to appreciate the significance of different staining patterns. Specifically, strong diffuse staining correlates with a missense mutation, whereas complete absence of staining correlates with null mutations. Copyright © 2012 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cell–cell connectivity: desmosomes and disease
Authors: Brooke Matthew A , Nitoiu Daniela , Kelsell David P 
Published: October 2011

AbstractCell–cell connectivity is an absolute requirement for the correct functioning of cells, tissues and entire organisms. At the level of the individual cell, direct cell–cell adherence and communication is mediated by the intercellular junction complexes: desmosomes, adherens, tight and gap junctions. A broad spectrum of inherited, infectious and auto‐immune diseases can affect the proper function of intercellular junctions and result in either diseases affecting specific individual tissues or widespread syndromic conditions. A particularly diverse group of diseases result from direct or indirect disruption of desmosomes—a consequence of their importance in tissue integrity, their extensive distribution, complex structure, and the wide variety of functions their components accomplish. As a consequence, disruption of desmosomal assembly, structure or integrity disrupts not only their intercellular adhesive function but also their functions in cell communication and regulation, leading to such diverse pathologies as cardiomyopathy, epidermal and mucosal blistering, palmoplantar keratoderma, woolly hair, keratosis, epidermolysis bullosa, ectodermal dysplasia and alopecia. Here, as well as describing the importance of the other intercellular junctions, we focus primarily on the desmosome, its structure and its role in disease. We will examine the various pathologies that result from impairment of desmosome function and thereby demonstrate the importance of desmosomes to tissues and to the organism as a whole. Copyright © 2011 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The chemokine system and cancer
Authors: Balkwill Frances R 
Published: October 2011

AbstractChemokines (chemo‐attractant cytokines) are a group of small proteins that act together with their cell surface receptors, in development, normal physiology and immune responses, to direct cells to specific locations throughout the body. Cancer cells acquire the ability to subvert the chemokine system, such that these molecules and their receptors become important regulators of cell movement into and out of the tumour microenvironment and major players in cancer biology. Copyright © 2011 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bone marrow of neuroblastoma patients shows downregulation of CXCL12 expression and presence of IFN signature
Authors: Scaruffi Paola , Morandi Fabio , Gallo Fabio , Stigliani Sara , Parodi Stefano , Moretti Stefano , Bonassi Stefano , Fardin Paolo , Garaventa Alberto , Zanazzo Giulio , Pistoia Vito , Tonini Gian Paolo , Corrias Maria Valeria 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackgroundAt diagnosis, children with neuroblastoma (NB) present with either localized or metastatic disease. Since the mechanisms responsible for BM invasion are not well known, we investigated the transcriptome of resident BM cells from NB patients as compared to healthy children.ProcedureNinety‐two and 88 children with localized and metastatic NB, respectively, and 15 healthy children were included in the study. BM resident cells recovered from BM aspirates by immunomagnetic bead manipulation were subjected to genome‐wide microarray analysis. After validation in an independent set of samples, the genes significantly modulated in resident BM cells from NB patients were tested for their diagnostic/prognostic values.ResultsBM resident cells, irrespective of neoplastic cell invasion, significantly overexpressed genes involved in innate immune responses, and interferon (IFN) and IFN‐DRS signatures were enriched. Genes coding for metallothioneins and zinc finger proteins, and involved in histone and nucleosome/chromatin organization were also overexpressed. Resident BM cells from NB patients significantly downregulated genes involved in cell adhesion, and in erythrocyte, myeloid, and platelet differentiation pathways. Among downregulated genes, CXCL12 expression reached near complete silencing in patients with metastatic disease. The downregulation of CXCL12 expression was independent of contact between NB cell and resident BM cell.ConclusionsWe demonstrated that NB tumor growth at the primary site can alter the BM microenvironment, and the presence of BM‐infiltrating NB cells makes the alterations more pronounced. Therefore, the restoration of a BM physiological state by means of IFN‐α monoclonal antibody, Sifalimumab, and selective noradrenaline receptor blockers should be further studied to ameliorate patients' clinical management. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 59: 44–51. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.