bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons olefination of proteins and glycoproteins
Authors: Angelastro Antonio , Barkhanskiy Alexey , Journeaux Toby , Sivapalan Rohan , King Thomas A. , Rodríguez Pérez Laura , Goundry William R. F. , Barran Perdita , Flitsch Sabine L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractChemo-selective modifications of proteins are fundamental to the advancement of biological and pharmaceutical sciences. The search for biocompatible chemical reactions has prompted us to investigate Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons (HWE) olefinations, iconic reactions in organic synthesis that would give rise to new selective protein olefinations. Our choice of HWE olefinations was inspired by the growing number of methods for generating aldehydes as transient reactive groups in proteins and the potential for mild and simple reaction conditions. Here we show that HWE olefination reactions on aldehydes, produced by both chemical and enzymatic methods, are compatible with physiological conditions and highly selective in small and large proteins, including therapeutic antibodies and stable recombinant proteins exemplified by green fluorescent protein. Reaction kinetics can be fine-tuned over orders of magnitude both by judicious use of substituents and pH regulation. The electrophilic nature of the HWE olefination products can be tuned to allow for subsequent nucleophilic additions, including thiol- and phospha-Michael additions. Our results demonstrate that HWE olefination of aldehydes in proteins provides efficient and selective bioconjugation chemistries that are orthogonal to existing methods.
From niches to norms: the promise of social tipping interventions to scale climate action
Authors: Pizziol Veronica , Tavoni Alessandro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe net-zero transition poses unprecedented societal challenges that cannot be tackled with technology and markets alone. It requires complementary behavioral and social change on the demand side. Abandoning entrenched detrimental norms, including those that perpetuate the fossil-fueled lock-in, is notoriously difficult, preventing change and limiting policy efficacy. A nascent literature tackles social tipping interventions—STI, aiming at cost-effective disproportionate change by pushing behaviors past an adoption threshold beyond which further uptake is self-reinforcing. Intervening on target groups can greatly reduce the societal cost of a policy and thus holds promise for precipitating change. This article takes stock of the potential of STI to scale climate action by first reviewing the theoretical insights arising from behavioral public policy based on applications of threshold models from sociology and economics; then, it assesses the initial evidence on the effectiveness of STI, in light of the outcomes of laboratory and online experiments that were designed to study coordination on an emergent alternative to the initial status quo. Lastly, the article identifies potential conceptual limitations and proposes fruitful avenues for increasing the robustness of STI assessments beyond theory and small-scale experimentation.
Climate-induced migration in the Global South: an in depth analysis
Authors: Almulhim Abdulaziz I. , Alverio Gabriela Nagle , Sharifi Ayyoob , Shaw Rajib , Huq Saleemul , Mahmud Md Juel , Ahmad Shakil , Abubakar Ismaila Rimi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractScientists predict ongoing global climate change to trigger adverse events affecting about 143 million people in the Global South by 2050, leading to various forms of migration and mobility. While existing literature extensively examines climate-induced migration, there is a lack of studies considering the compounding impacts of multiple climate hazards on migration, mobility, and immobility. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic literature review to explore how climate-induced stressors, specifically rising temperatures, water stress and droughts, and floods and sea-level rise, have affected populations in the Global South, leading to voluntary and/or forced migration. Our findings show that these stressors have displaced and profoundly impacted millions of people, resulting in both internal and transboundary migration. Climate-induced stressors often trigger migration through indirect pathways influenced by multiple intervening institutional, political, and socio-economic factors and programmatic and policy gaps. Effectively addressing challenges related to climate-induced migration necessitates adaptation strategies that adequately consider the impacts of these intervening factors while recognizing their differential effects on various socio-demographic groups. We argue that support from Global North countries, including compensation for loss and damage, along with continued institutional and financial support from international non-governmental organizations, is crucial for managing climate-induced migration in the Global South. Without proper planning and adequate resources, migration may escalate and significantly impact human security. The findings of this study can inform climate migration policies and assist adaptation and migration experts in identifying intervention mechanisms and opportunities for people-centered climate solutions.
Combining kernelised autoencoding and centroid prediction for dynamic multi‐objective optimisation
Authors: Hou Zhanglu , Zou Juan , Ruan Gan , Liu Yuan , Xia Yizhang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEvolutionary algorithms face significant challenges when dealing with dynamic multi‐objective optimisation because Pareto optimal solutions and/or Pareto optimal fronts change. The authors propose a unified paradigm, which combines the kernelised autoncoding evolutionary search and the centroid‐based prediction (denoted by KAEP), for solving dynamic multi‐objective optimisation problems (DMOPs). Specifically, whenever a change is detected, KAEP reacts effectively to it by generating two subpopulations. The first subpopulation is generated by a simple centroid‐based prediction strategy. For the second initial subpopulation, the kernel autoencoder is derived to predict the moving of the Pareto‐optimal solutions based on the historical elite solutions. In this way, an initial population is predicted by the proposed combination strategies with good convergence and diversity, which can be effective for solving DMOPs. The performance of the proposed method is compared with five state‐of‐the‐art algorithms on a number of complex benchmark problems. Empirical results fully demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method on most test instances.
Optimal configuration of hybrid hydrogen‐to‐power system for power systems with high wind energy penetration
Authors: Wang Hongzhen , Qin Boyu , Ding Tao , Li Fan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHydrogen energy storage plays an important role in improving the operation efficiency and reliability of power systems with high wind energy penetration. Hydrogen to power (HtP) system is the key link of hydrogen applications. However, the single HtP equipment is limited in power output range and efficiency. Hybrid HtP system is an important scheme to realize the performance complementary. A wider power output range can enrich the application scenarios of hydrogen energy storage and provide flexible and reliable energy scheduling in larger and more complex energy systems. In this study, first, a power system including traditional units, wind power generation and hybrid HtP system is established. Second, a bi‐layer hybrid HtP system optimal configuration model considering planning and operation is constructed. Then, a bi‐layer optimal configuration method based on the improved PSO algorithm is proposed. Finally, the optimization model and its solution method are applied to IEEE RTS‐96. The discussions based on the optimization results show that the hybrid HtP system has significant contributions in optimizing the output cost of traditional units, improving the utilization of wind energy, and reducing load shedding losses.
Coordinated recovery of interdependent power and water distribution systems
Authors: Rodriguez‐Garcia Luis , Panteli Mathaios , Parvania Masood 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe interdependent nature of power and water distribution systems (WDSs), which magnifies the impact of power outages caused by extreme weather, offers an opportunity to coordinate recovery actions towards enhancing their resilience after a major outage event. The authors develop an approach for the coordinated recovery of interdependent power and WDSs, which enhances the resilience of both infrastructures from an operational standpoint based on the optimised dispatch of existing power and water resources after an extreme weather event. The proposed model allocates the available resources in both power and WDSs—including solar generation, battery energy storage systems, water stored in tanks, and small pumped‐storage hydropower—to minimise the energy and water demand curtailment. The proposed model is tested on the interconnection of IEEE 33‐bus test power distribution system with a 16‐node test WDS. Results for the test system show that, by coordinating the power and water operation during the recovery, the energy curtailment cost reduces by 8.9%, while the water curtailment cost is reduced by 33.5% from adequately allocating energy resources without negatively affecting the demand requirements during the restoration process, when compared to the uncoordinated approach where each infrastructure is operated independently.
Klimawandel und Heilpflanzen
Authors: Storl Wolf-Dieter 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungHeilpflanzen begleiten den Menschen schon seit Tausenden von Jahren. Durch den immer wieder kontrovers diskutierten Klimawandel wird befürchtet, dass sich viele unserer Umweltbedingungen verändern und damit auch Heilpflanzen ausgelöscht werden. Historische Betrachtungen zeigen jedoch, dass Pflanzen als Lebewesen anpassungsfähig sind und dies in ihrer Geschichte bereits viele Male getan und sich sogar über Kontinente verschoben haben. Der Kohlendioxidgehalt in der Atmosphäre, der für den Klimawandel verantwortlich gemacht wird, dient den Pflanzen als Nahrung und schadet ihnen nicht. Dennoch ist unsere Flora gefährdet – ob und welchen Anteil der Klimawandel daran hat, darauf geht dieser Beitrag ein.
Hydrotherapie bei Wetterfühligkeit und gesundheitlichen Folgen des Klimawandels
Authors: Gündling Peter W. 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Klimawandel ist in aller Munde. Seine gesundheitlichen Folgen sind noch nicht ganz abzusehen. Vielen bekannt – wenn auch medizinisch weniger beachtet – sind Unpässlichkeiten und Beschwerden bei Wetterwechsel wie Klagen über Kopfschmerzen und Kreislaufstörungen. Folge dieser äußeren Reize durch Temperatur- und Luftdruckschwankungen sind Regulationsstörungen des vegetativen Nervensystems. Naturheilverfahren, die der Stimulation und Regeneration der Selbstheilungskräfte dienen, sind als Adaptiva zur Prophylaxe dieser Funktionsstörungen die erste Wahl. Als typische unspezifische Regulationsmaßnahmen sind speziell Wasseranwendungen, die „auf der Klaviatur des vegetativen Nervensystems spielen“, in besonderer Art und Weise geeignet, diese Fehlregulationen und die der hormonellen Steuerungsmechanismen auszugleichen.
Kombinationsabschlag nach GKV-Finanzstabilisierungsgesetz: valide
Berechnung auf Basis von Krankenkassendaten möglich?!
Authors: Mevius Antje , Deiters Barthold , Maywald Ulf , Müller Sabrina , Wilke Thomas 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungIn einem Pilotprojekt wurde der Frage nach der Berechenbarkeit des neuen
Kombinationsabschlags nach GKV-Finanzstabilisierungsgesetz nachgegangen. Die
Wirkstoffe Daratumumab/Pomalidomid (Bsp1) sowie Empaglifozin/Semaglutid (Bsp2)
wurden exemplarisch für die Berechnungen mit dem TAKiT-Tool ausgewählt. Für Bsp1
wurden bei Zugrundlegung von 90 Tagen Überlappungszeitraum 805 Packungen von
Daratumumab identifiziert; die Änderung der 90 Tage in 30 oder 120 Tage, oder zu
einem Einschluss taggleicher Abgaben oder einer Zweitabgabe jedes
Kombinationsarzneimittels innerhalb von 90 Tagen führte zu einer 34,9%igen
Reduktion, einer 10,7%igen Steigerung oder einer 32,5%igen Reduktion der
Packungszahlen (Bsp2: 3.843 Packungen sowie -25,1%,+8,1% bzw. -44,7%). Die
Berechnung der kombinationsrelevanten Verordnungen ist herausfordernd,
analytisch aber gut machbar. Spezifische Festlegungen vieler Parameter üben
einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die Sinnhaftigkeit des gesamten Instruments
aus.
Was Gesundheitseinrichtungen tun können, um die planetare Gesundheit zu fördern
Authors: Mirow Juliane 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Klimakrise schadet sowohl der menschlichen Gesundheit als auch unserem Planeten. Klimatische Veränderungen sind weltweit spürbar. Europa ist der sich am schnellsten erwärmende Kontinent – mit weitreichenden Folgen für die Gesellschaft, Wirtschaft und Ökosysteme weltweit. Die gesundheitlichen Auswirkungen des Klimawandels sind vielfältig. Um die steigende Anzahl gesundheitlicher Probleme, die auf den Klimawandel zurückzuführen sind, zu versorgen, müssen sich Arbeitende in den Gesundheitsberufen der Wechselwirkung zwischen Klima und Gesundheit bewusst sein. Auch das Gesundheitswesen selbst trägt erheblich zum Klimawandel bei. Die Emissionen des Gesundheitssektors akkumulieren zu einem erheblichen ökologischen Fußabdruck. Doch Gesundheitseinrichtungen können Maßnahmen ergreifen, die nicht nur gesundheitsfördernd, sondern auch klimafreundlich sind, und die Gesundheit unseres Planeten schützen.
Targeted Transarterial Embolization for Treatment of a Symptomatic Venous Varix in the Draining Vein of an Arteriovenous Malformation: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Yamada Erika , Ito Yoshiro , Sato Masayuki , Marusima Aiki , Hayakawa Mikito , Ishikawa Eiichi , Matsumaru Yuji 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background Venous varices in the draining vein of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) can result in compression symptoms. This condition is extremely rare, and its treatments and long-term outcomes are unresolved.
Methods Herein, we describe the treatment of a thrombosed venous varix in a draining vein and review the relevant literature.
Results The patient presented with progressive right-sided hemiparesis and aphasia. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed flow void accumulation from the corpus callosum to the left ventricle and a 30-mm mass in the left putamen. The patient underwent targeted transarterial embolization to reduce the blood flow to the venous varix and relieve the neurologic symptoms. The patient had recovered completely from the right hemiparesis and aphasia 4 years after treatment, with a modified Rankin scale score of 0.
Conclusion Targeted transarterial embolization for symptomatic venous varix is a palliative treatment that may improve long-term functional outcomes.
Baseline Ga-68 PSMA PET-Derived Primary Tumor Parameters in Patients with Prostate Cancer and Their Association with Clinical Risk Stratification and Clinicopathologic Features
Authors: Vural Topuz Özge , Aksu Ayşegül 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Aim This article evaluates whether parameters derived from the gallium-68-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (68Ga-PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging studies of primary prostate cancer (PCa) lesions were associated with Gleason score (GS), D'Amico risk class, Candiolo nomograms, and the metastatic status of the disease.
Methods We retrospectively evaluated newly diagnosed PCa patients who underwent 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT before therapy. Age, baseline serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and metastatic status were recorded. Maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax), mean SUV (SUVmean), total lesion PSMA (TL-PSMA), and PSMA-derived tumor volume (PSMA-TV) were analyzed. The patients were grouped according to GS (GS ≤ 7 and GS ≥ 8), D'Amico risk classes (low intermediate and high-risk), and also based on their results with the Candiolo nomogram which normally creates five risk classes. For Candiolo classes, very-low risk and low-risk patients were pooled into the low-risk Candiolo (LRC) group, high and very high-risk patients were pooled into the high-risk Candiolo (HRC) group. The intermediate-risk Candiolo group was utilized as-is (IRC).
Results Mean age was 67 ± 8 years, median PSA value was 14.3 (3–211). There were 82 patients with GS ≤ 7 and 38 patients with GS ≥ 8; intermediate D'Amico class comprised 32 patients, while the high D'Amico class comprised 88 patients. For Candiolo, there were 23 LRC, 40 IRC, and 57 HRC patients. PSMA-positive metastases were detected in 44 (36.7%) patients. The SUVmean, SUVmax, PSMA-TV, and TL-PSMA values of the primary tumor demonstrated significant differences when compared according to classifications for GS, D'Amico, LRC versus HRC, and metastatic versus nonmetastatic patients. Of note, TL-PSMA was the only parameter that varied significantly among all risk groups.
Conclusion Primary tumor parameters obtained from baseline 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT are useful to distinguish PCa patients in terms of GS, D'Amico, Candiolo nomogram, and metastatic states. TL-PSMA appears to be the best parameter as it is the only parameter that can distinguish all risk groups from each other.
Unraveling the Interplay between Postnatal Mothers' Expertise in Neonatal Care amid the COVID-19 Pandemic and Media Consumption
Authors: Kannappan Sujatha R. , Alva Jeevitha 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background The arrival of a newborn is a source of joy and optimism, whereas the loss of an infant is a profoundly tragic event for families worldwide. During the initial days of life, infants demand meticulous care, especially during the critical 1- to 28-day period when they are more vulnerable to infections, necessitating heightened protection and security. In the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, mothers and caregivers have become increasingly cautious regarding the care of newborns. This study aims to assess the knowledge level of postnatal mothers regarding neonatal care and their utilization of mass media during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and Methods Conducted in a tertiary care setting, this study used a descriptive correlation design with 46 primiparous mothers chosen through purposive sampling. The evaluation of mothers' knowledge about newborn care utilized a self-reported questionnaire, whereas a checklist was used to gauge their use of mass media.
Results The study revealed that 60.9% of mothers utilize mass media for more than 6 hours daily. Among the participants, 63% demonstrated adequate knowledge of newborn care, whereas 37% exhibited inadequate knowledge. Additionally, the study indicated a weak negative correlation between mass media usage and postnatal mothers' knowledge of newborn care (r = − 0.034). The type of family (p = 0.023) was significantly associated with postnatal mothers' knowledge (p > 0.05).
Conclusion The findings suggest a correlation between mass media usage and postnatal mothers' knowledge of newborn care. However, no discernible relationship was identified between mass media usage and mothers' awareness of neonatal care during the COVID-19 pandemic. This may indicate that the content disseminated through mass media during the pandemic did not sufficiently emphasize neonatal care, potentially resulting in a limited impact on mothers' awareness in this specific domain.
The Political Economy of Military Base Redevelopment
Authors: Reilly Chandler S. , Coyne Christopher J. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) process has been through five rounds since 1988 and resulted in the closure of 121 major military bases. The design of BRAC tied the hands of Congress and limited political influences over bases chosen for closure. However, researchers have overlooked political economy issues related to the evolution of BRAC and of base redevelopment after a base is slated for closure. This paper fills this gap by examining the post-closure process, emphasizing the epistemic limitations facing political actors in designing the redevelopment process to achieve economic prosperity and the incentives this creates for rent-seeking.
Assessing progress towards smart governance in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aldegheishem Abdulaziz 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSmart governance is a powerful political instrument to enhance the quality of public decision-making. Saudi Arabia has established smart city strategies using Information Communication Technologies to improve the quality of life and facilitate sustainable development. This study assesses smart governance, based on identifying five distinct areas by means of sixteen indicators for smart governance performance. To this end, data was collected from public and international sources, as well as from the literature. The findings reveal that Saudi Arabia has achieved solid progress in this field. Two factors, the e-service system and spending on public services, have highly contributed to this improvement. Other factors, such as citizen participation, governmental organization, and political domain have also played an important role; however, there are still some challenges that need to be addressed.
What do algorithms explain? The issue of the goals and capabilities of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)
Authors: Renftle Moritz , Trittenbach Holger , Poznic Michael , Heil Reinhard 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe increasing ubiquity of machine learning (ML) motivates research on algorithms to “explain” models and their predictions—so-called Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI). Despite many publications and discussions, the goals and capabilities of such algorithms are far from being well understood. We argue that this is because of a problematic reasoning scheme in the literature: Such algorithms are said to complement machine learning models with desired capabilities, such as interpretability or explainability. These capabilities are in turn assumed to contribute to a goal, such as trust in a system. But most capabilities lack precise definitions and their relationship to such goals is far from obvious. The result is a reasoning scheme that obfuscates research results and leaves an important question unanswered: What can one expect from XAI algorithms? In this paper, we clarify the modest capabilities of these algorithms from a concrete perspective: that of their users. We show that current algorithms can only answer user questions that can be traced back to the question: “How can one represent an ML model as a simple function that uses interpreted attributes?”. Answering this core question can be trivial, difficult or even impossible, depending on the application. The result of the paper is the identification of two key challenges for XAI research: the approximation and the translation of ML models.