bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Guidelines on management of low‐grade gliomas: report of an EFNS–EANO* Task Force
Authors: Soffietti R. , Baumert B.G. , Bello L. , Von Deimling A. , Duffau H. , Frénay M. , Grisold W. , Grant R. , Graus F. , Hoang‐Xuan K. , Klein M. , Melin B. , Rees J. , Siegal T. , Smits A. , Stupp R. , Wick W. 
Published: August 2010

Background:  Diffuse infiltrative low‐grade gliomas of the cerebral hemispheres in the adult are a group of tumors with distinct clinical, histological and molecular characteristics, and there are still controversies in management.Methods:  The scientific evidence of papers collected from the literature was evaluated and graded according to EFNS guidelines, and recommendations were given accordingly.Results and conclusions:  WHO classification recognizes grade II astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas and oligoastrocytomas. Conventional MRI is used for differential diagnosis, guiding surgery, planning radiotherapy and monitoring treatment response. Advanced imaging techniques can increase the diagnostic accuracy. Younger age, normal neurological examination, oligodendroglial histology and 1p loss are favorable prognostic factors. Prophylactic antiepileptic drugs are not useful, whilst there is no evidence that one drug is better than the others. Total/near total resection can improve seizure control, progression‐free and overall survival, whilst reducing the risk of malignant transformation. Early post‐operative radiotherapy improves progression‐free but not overall survival. Low doses of radiation are as effective as high doses and better tolerated. Modern radiotherapy techniques reduce the risk of late cognitive deficits. Chemotherapy can be useful both at recurrence after radiotherapy and as initial treatment after surgery to delay the risk of late neurotoxicity from large‐field radiotherapy. Neurocognitive deficits are frequent and can be caused by the tumor itself, tumor‐related epilepsy, treatments and psychological distress.
Protection against cyclophosphamide‐induced alopecia by sulfhydryl‐containing agents in the newborn rat animal model
Authors: Hussein Atif M. , Ardalan Bach 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground Alopecia is a common side‐effect of cancer chemotherapy. Although this complication has been known for many decades, little progress has been made in its prevention or treatment. Previously, we made the following observations: (a) treatment of 8‐day‐old rats with 1‐0‐n‐arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara‐C), doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (CYC) produced either total body alopecia (ara‐C and CYC) or alopecia confined to the head and proximal part of the neck (doxorubicin); (b) Imuvert, a biological response modifier, and interleukin‐1 protected against alopecia‐induced by ara‐C; and (c) neither Imuvert or interleukin‐1 protected against CYC‐induced alopecia.Objective Experiments were designed to test for agents to protect against CYC‐induced alopecia.Methods Agents were tested in the 8‐day‐old rats as a model for chemotherapy‐induced alopecia.Results Mesna and S‐2‐(3‐aminopropylamino)‐ethylphospnorothioic acid (WR‐2721) did not offer any protection against chemotherapy‐induced alopecia. N‐Acetylcysterine offered very good protection against alopecia induced by CYC but not that produced by ara‐C in the newborn rate animal model.Conclusion N‐Acetylcysteine may prove to be important in the prevention of CYC‐induced alopecia, but this needs to be tested in the clinical setting.
Failure of cryosurgery to eradicate vulval intraepithelial neoplasia: a pilot study
Authors: Marren Pauline , Dawber Rodney , Wojnarowska Fenella , Millard Peter , Charnock Mark 
Published: August 2010

AbstractObjective A pilot study to determine the efficacy of cryosurgery for the treatment of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) using a standardized treatment schedule.Background Cryosurgery is known to be an effective epithelial cell killer in cutaneous neoplasia and pre‐neoplasia at other sites. It is widely available, inexpensive and most importantly does not cause the disfigurement and scarring of other treatment modalities.Setting The Vulva Clinic, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, England, UK.Design Ten consecutive patients with VIN were selected from the outpatient clinic. Patients were evaluated and biopsied prior to therapy. The entire vulva and perineum was subjected to a single freeze‐thaw cycle of 30 s. Patients were observed for 12 months and repeat biopsies were done at 6 and 12 months.Results Seven of eight patients with VIN Grade III had clinical and histological evidence of recurrence within 12 months and two patients with VIN Grade I had no sustained symptomatic relief.Conclusion No effective cryosurgical treatment schedule has yet been established for VIN. Our efforts to find one must continue because of the advantages of this treatment modality.
Immunohistochemical aspects of the link between Malassezia ovalis and seborrheic dermatitis
Authors: Piérard‐Franchimont C. , Arrese J.E. , Piérard G.E. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAim An immunohistochemical study was undertaken to look at immune reaction to Malassezia ovalis in seborrheic dermatitis.Background The role of M. ovalis in seborrheic dermatitis remains a matter of controversy despite some therapeutic evidence with the use of antifungals, especially ketoconazole.Methods immunohistochemistry was performed on skin samples to evaluate the density of M. ovalis and to disclose deposits of immunoreactants at the level of the yeasts inside the stratum corneum.Results M. ovalis was always decorated with the antibody to Factor XIIIa. suggesting the presence of a transglutaminase in the yeast wall. Deposits of IgG and C3 were present underneath and in close apposition to collections of M. ovalis in seborrheic dermatitis, and absent in control materials, including various types of dermatitis.Conclusion The close topographical relationship between M. ovalis, IgG and C3 deposits is a new evidence suggesting a unique inflammatory reaction to the yeast in seborrheic dermatitis.
Panniculitis with pseudomonas septicaemia in AIDS
Authors: Smith Ruth A. , Ross Janet S. , Branfoot Anthony C. , Asboe David , Shanson David C. , Gazzard Brian G. , Bunker Christopher B. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA 27 year old female with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) developed tender erythematous nodules on her thighs. A skin biopsy of the lesions showed septal panniculitis and venulitis and Pseudomonas species was cultured from both the urine and the skin biopsy tissue. The lesions resolved on antibiotic therapy. Panniculitic nodules may represent an early stage of ecthyma gangrenosum which is a well recognised cutaneous complication of pseudomonas septicaemia.
Toxic epidermal necrolysis successfully treated with cyclosporine. Report of three cases
Authors: Szepietowski Jacek , Wąsik Feliks , Szybejko‐Machaj Grażyna , Maj Joanna 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a severe, life‐threatening disease with many similarities to graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD). Although the pathogenesis of TEN is still unclear, it is widely accepted that TEN is an immunologically mediated disease. The treatment of TEN is often unsatisfactory. Cyclosporin was demonstrated to affect the early phase of T‐cell activation and was recently shown to be effective in GVHD.Observations Three cases of TEN were treated with 8–10 mg/kg/day cyclosporine in conjunction with corticosteroids. Cyclosporin therapy was continued for 10–21 days, depending on the severity of the disease. Rapid improvement in skin condition was observed in all patients; skin and mucous lesions healed completely after this treatment.Conclusions Our findings suggest that cyclosporin can have a beneficial effect in TEN, and should he considered as treatment of choice in the early phase of TEN to arrest primary immunopathological processes.
Malignant proliferating tricholemmal tumor: report of three cases
Authors: Demirkesen Cuyan , Filizel Füsun , Ilvan Şennur , Kaner Gültekin , Oruç Nafi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe report three cases of malignant proliferating tricholemmal tumors, two of which displayed rapid growth of long‐standing scalp nodules. The third case was a nodule on the scapula with axillary lymph node metastasis. Although some investigators believe that the diagnosis of malignancy is certain only with evidence of metastasis: in our first two cases morphologic features suggested malignancy which included infiltration of adjacent tissues, high degree of cytologic atypia, abundant dyskeratotic cells, monstrous multinucleated cells and atypical mitotic figures. We emphasize the possibility of malignancy in long‐standing proliferating tricholemmal tumors that show rapid enlargement.
Comparison of SureSkin®, DuoDerm E® and Jelonet® Gauze in split skin donor sites – a clinical and histologial evaluation
Authors: Steenfos Henrik , Partoft Søren , Timshel Susanne , Balslev Eva 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground : The hydrocolloid dressings DuoDerm E®, and SureSkin® were compared to each other and Jelonet®/Gauze dressing served as the control.Methods : In 10 split skin donor sites the 3 dressings were tested.Results : DuoDerm E® and SureSkin® healed the donor sites in 8.5 ± 0.8 days compared to the control with a heating time of 12 ± 1.6 days. Histological biopsies confirmed the clinical results.Conclusions : It was concluded that SureSkin® is equal to DuoDerm E®in healing split donor sites, and that hydrocolloid dressings produce 33% faster healing limes.
Lone circinate balanitis and genital keratoderma: underdiagnosed presentations of chlamydia infection in men?
Authors: Brook M. Gary , Kell Philip D. , Atia Waheeb A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractObjectives To describe the experience in a genito‐urinary clinic of lone circinate balanitis and genital keratoderma.Design Retrospective analysis of all male GU clinic attenders diagnosed as circinate balanitis and genital keratoderma. chlamydia infection or bulanitis in a 12 month period.Subjects Attenders at a North London genitor‐urinary clinic.Main outcome measures Proportion of male patients with chlamydia or balanitis who had circinate balanitis and/or genital keratoderma.Results Six men had circinate balanitis and/or keratoderma of the glans. All six were chlamydia positive whereas of 179 men with balanitis of other causes, only two had chlamydia (P < 0.001). Only one of the men with circinate balanitis had symptoms of urethritis although all had microscopic urethritis. Five of the 6 men (83%) were from ethnic minorities who constitute only 35% of our total male clinic attenders. Only one patient had any other manifestation of Reiter's syndrome (oral ulceration) and none had arthritis or conjunctivitis.Conclusions Circinate balanitis or genital keratoderma occurring as single entities amongst our clinic population seems to be more common and more strongly associated with chlamydia infection than previously published literature would suggest.
Part Two: The development and implementation of the Australian and New Zealand Songlines and Haerenga training model
Authors: Norton Joy 
Published: August 2010

Translations of AbstractLes deux articles présentent les modèles de formation de la Société australienne et néo‐zélandaise d'analystes jungiens pour l'année 2006. Les auteurs y décrivent le processus et la réflexion qui sous‐tendent les modifications récentes apportées à la formation.Dans le premier article, sont retracées les influences de la psychologie analytique et de la formation analytique sur le développement de l'ANZSJA (Australian and New Zealand Society of Jungian Analysts). La révision de la formation récemment entreprise révélait le désir de l'ANZSJA de continuer à former des analystes jungiens en explorant de nouveaux modes de conceptualisation de la formation. La pensée, les images et les métaphores qui sous‐tendent ce modèle innovateur de formation sont analysées. Le défi de proposer et de développer la formation dans une région géographique d'une vaste étendue, avec de faibles ressources a été relevé. L'ANZSJA a pris en compte les pratiques traditionnelles des peuples indigènes Australiens et Néo‐Zélandais. Le motif du voyage et le mouvement sont au coeur du modèle de l'ANZSJA. La formation dispensée par l'ANZSJA n'est pas contenue dans un ou plusieurs bâtiments, elle se tient sur des ≪sites de rencontre≫à travers les paysages de ces deux pays.La responsabilité et la transparence sont au coeur de ce modèle de formation. Dans le second article, la structure et la documentation produites à l'occasion de cette révision sont contextualisées, exposées dans leurs grandes lignes et mises en rapport avec l'ethos qui étaye l'avancée de la formation analytique en Australie et en Nouvelle‐Zélande. L'accent porte ici sur les mécanismes d'ordre pratique et sur les processus, que nous avons fait évoluer pour donner naissance à notre nouveau modèle de formation. Les procédures d'engagement des analystes dans le nouveau modèle sont en cours de discussion.
Febrile seizures are a syndrome of secondarily generalized hippocampal epilepsy
Authors: NEVILLE BRIAN , GINDNER DIANE 
Published: August 2010

Aim  The objective of this study was to examine in detail the semiology of febrile seizures, particularly to look for features that might suggest focality. In prolonged febrile seizures there is acute evidence of hippocampal involvement. Retrospective data relates mesial temporal sclerosis to such early prolonged febrile seizures. Animal models of prolonged seizures causing hippocampal damage show limbic seizures at low dose of the precipitants.Method  A detailed history of the early ictal phase of 10 children with typical febrile seizures and of the behavioural components of 10 children with high fever was taken by two independent observers and a consensus reached.Results  There were seven males and three females aged 1 year to 2y 8mo (mean age 1y 11mo). In seven of the 10 children with febrile seizures there was an early phase of the attack compatible with focal origin and in four of these there were clear mesial temporal features. No such features were seen in the children with fever alone.Interpretation  We conclude that the majority of febrile seizures have evidence of focal origin and many appear to arise in the hippocampus.
3β‐HSD in songbird brain: subcellular localization and rapid regulation by estradiol
Authors: Pradhan Devaleena S. , Lau Loretta Y. M. , Schmidt Kim L. , Soma Kiran K. 
Published: August 2010

J. Neurochem. (2010) 115, 667–675.AbstractThe enzyme 3β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5–Δ4 isomerase (3β‐HSD) catalyzes the conversion of dehydroepiandrosterone to androstenedione, thereby playing a key role in sex steroid synthesis. In peripheral tissues, 3β‐HSD is membrane‐bound, is present in both mitochondria and microsomes, and is regulated differentially in these two subcellular compartments. In the brain, 3β‐HSD is present, but its subcellular compartmentalization is unknown. Here, in Study 1, we examined the subcellular localization of 3β‐HSD in the brain of a songbird, the zebra finch. In Study 2, in males and females, we determined whether 3β‐HSD activity in different subcellular compartments is rapidly regulated by in vitro treatment with estradiol (E2), which has many rapid effects on the brain. Brain 3β‐HSD was enriched primarily in microsomes and secondarily in mitochondria and synaptosomes. In both males and females, E2 treatment rapidly (within 5 min) inhibited 3β‐HSD activity in both mitochondria/synaptosomes and microsomes, with greater inhibition in microsomes. We also assessed the activity of 5β‐reductase, which acts on androstenedione. E2 rapidly inhibited 5β‐reductase activity in microsomes only. This is the first study to examine the subcellular localization of 3β‐HSD in the brain, and the data demonstrate the importance of subcellular localization for the regulation of steroidogenic enzymes in the brain.
Health–illness transition among persons using advanced medical technology at home
Authors: Fex Angelika , Flensner Gullvi , Ek Anna‐Christina , Söderhamn Olle 
Published: August 2010

Scand J Caring Sci; 2011; 25; 253–261

Health–illness transition among persons using advanced medical technology at home This study aimed to elucidate meanings of health–illness transition experiences among adult persons using advanced medical technology at home. As an increasing number of persons perform self‐care while using different sorts of advanced medical technology at home, knowledge about health–illness transition experiences in this situation may be useful to caregivers in supporting these patients. A qualitative design was used. Five women and five men, all of whom performed self‐care at home, either using long‐term oxygen therapy from a ventilator or oxygen cylinder, or performing peritoneal or haemodialysis, were interviewed. Ethics committee approval was obtained. Informed consent was received from all participants, and ethical issues concerning their rights in research were raised. The interviews were analysed using a phenomenological hermeneutical methodology, including both an inductive and a deductive structural analysis. This method offers possibilities to obtain an increased understanding by uncovering a deeper meaning of lived experiences through interviews transcribed as texts. The health–illness transition for adult persons in this context was found to mean a learning process of accepting, managing, adjusting and improving daily life with technology, facilitated by realizing the gain from technology at home. Further, the meaning of the health–illness transition experience was interpreted as contentment with being part of the active and conscious process towards transcending into a new state of living, in which the individual and the technology were in tune. The healthy transition experience was characterized by human growth and becoming. This study elucidates one meaning of health–illness transition experiences in relation to the use of advanced medical technology on a more generic level, independent of the specific type of technology used. A positive attitude towards technology at home facilitates the transition.
Microarray analysis of a microbe–mineral interaction
Authors: OLSSON‐FRANCIS K. , VAN HOUDT R. , MERGEAY M. , LEYS N. , COCKELL C. S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe weathering of volcanic minerals makes a significant contribution to the global silicate weathering budget, influencing carbon dioxide drawdown and long‐term climate control. Basalt rocks may account for over 30% of the global carbon dioxide drawdown in silicate weathering. Micro‐organisms are known to play a role in rock weathering yet the genomics and genetics of biological rock weathering are unknown. We apply DNA microarray technology to determine putative genes involved in weathering using the heavy metal‐resistant organism, Cupriavidus metallidurans CH34; in particular we investigate the sequestering of iron. The results show that the bacterium does not depend on siderophores. Instead, the up‐regulation of porins and transporters which are employed concomitantly with genes associated with biofilm formation suggests that novel passive and active iron uptake systems are involved. We hypothesize that these mechanisms induce rock weathering by changes in chemical equilibrium at the microbe–mineral interface, reducing the saturation state of iron. We also demonstrate that low concentrations of metals in the basalt induce heavy metal‐resistant genes. Some of the earliest environments on the Earth were volcanic. Therefore, these results not only elucidate the mechanisms by which micro‐organisms might have sequestered nutrients on the early Earth but also provide an explanation for the evolution of multiple heavy metal resistance genes long before the creation of contaminated industrial biotopes by human activity.
Endothelial function and hemodynamics in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Rossi Pascal , Granel Brigitte , Marziale Dominique , Le Mée Fanny , Francès Yves 
Published: August 2010

SummaryIntroduction:  Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by the development of fibrosis of skin and internal organs that is associated with vascular damage. However, its related parameters have not been fully explored. The aim of this study was to investigate endothelial function in SSc and its relationship with systolic pulmonary artery pressure and systemic arterial compliance (SAC).Methods:  We studied 14 SSc females (4 with diffuse and 10 with limited cutaneous form of the disease) and 14 healthy controls matched for age and for cardiovascular risk factors. Endothelium‐dependent dilation (i.e. flow‐mediated) and endothelium‐independent (i.e. nitroglycerin‐induced) dilation of the brachial artery were measured as the percentage of change from baseline (FMD and NMD, respectively). In patients with SSc, SAC, cardiac output (CO), systemic arterial resistance and pulmonary artery pressure were estimated using echocardiography Doppler.Results:  Heart rate, brachial artery pressure and body mass index did not differ between patients with SSc and controls. Flow‐mediated vasodilation (FMD) and NMD were significantly decreased in patients with SSc (10·3 ± 8·6 versus 26·6 ± 7·4%, P<0·001; 24·2 ± 8·4 versus 33·3 ± 10·1%, P<0·001, respectively). Postischaemia reactive hyperaemia was lower in patients with SSc (275 ± 185 versus 618 ± 366%, P<0·001). FMD and nitrate‐mediated dilation (NMD) were associated with CO, but not with SAC; moreover, FMD correlated with pulmonary artery pressure and peripheral arterial resistance conversely to NMD.Conclusions:  Endothelium function in SSc is impaired independently to SAC. Furthermore, the severity of both small artery and pulmonary artery involvement may impact on endothelium‐dependant function.
MCI‐154: A Second Generation Ca2+Sensitizer That Does Not Impair Relaxation — A Novel Approach to the Treatment of Heart Failure
Authors: Kitada Yoshimi 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACTWith the negative results of the cyclic AMP‐dependent positive inotropic agents in clinical trials, great interest has been focused on the development of agents that directly activate cardiac myofilaments. These drugs are called “Ca2+sensitizers”; they are expected to represent a possible new pharmacological approach to the therapy of chronic heart failure. MCI‐154 is one of the most powerful and promising Ca2+sensitizers currently in clinical trials. In preclinical studies, the positive inotropic action of MCI‐154 was observed at the concentrations at which the drug did not increase intracellular Ca2+. In skinned cardiac muscle fiber bundles from various animal species MCI‐154 shiftedpCa(‐log [Ca2+] M)‐force relation upward and to the left, suggesting that this drug not only increases sensitivity of myofibrils to Ca2+, but also enhances cross‐bridge interaction. In regard to the molecular mechanism of action of MCI‐154, the earliest experiments showed that MCI‐154 at the high concentration (10−4M) stimulated binding of Ca2+to troponin (Tn) C. However, MCI‐154‐(at concentrations lower than 10−5M)‐induced increase in the affinity of TnC to Ca2+led to the complex formation of TnC with TnI and TnT. This effect of the drug on Ca2+regulation and interaction between troponin subunits was discovered using fluorescence spectroscopy. At 10−4M MCI‐154 decreased binding of Ca2+to TnC. The Ca2+sensitizing effect of MCI‐154 disappeared when cardiac TnI was exchanged for skeletal TnI. Taken together, it can be concluded that TnI may represent a target protein for the positive inotropic action of MCI‐154. The long‐term treatment with MCI‐154 prolonged the life span of cardiomyopathic hamsters, Biol 14.6, a model that resembles human heart failure. Unlike PDE inhibitors, MCI‐154 did not aggravate arrhythmias generated in the two‐stage coronary ligation‐, digitalis‐ and catecholamine‐induced canine arrhythmia models. In clinical studies MCI‐154 improved contractile function in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. Its effect was not associated with an increase in myocardial oxygen consumption or impaired relaxation. In conclusion, MCI‐154 could be promising in the treatment of chronic heart failure. Clinical studies with MCI‐154 are currently in progress.