bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HDR brachytherapy afterloader quality assurance optimization using monolithic silicon strip detectors
Authors: Hunt Broady , Cutajar Dean , Petasecca Marco , Rosenfeld Anatoly , Howie Andrew , Bucci Joseph , Poder Joel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere currently exists no widespread high dose‐rate (HDR) brachytherapy afterloader quality assurance (QA) tool for simultaneously assessing the afterloader's positional, temporal, transit velocity and air kerma strength accuracy.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to develop a precise and rigorous technique for performing daily QA of HDR brachytherapy afterloaders, incorporating QA of: dwell position accuracy, dwell time accuracy, transit velocity consistency and relative air kerma strength (AKS) of an Ir‐192 source.MethodA Sharp ProGuide 240 mm catheter (Elekta Brachytherapy, Veenendaal, The Netherlands) was fixed 5 mm above a 256 channel epitaxial diode array ‘dose magnifying glass’ (DMG256) (Centre for Medical and Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong). Three dwell positions, each of 5.0 s dwell times, were spaced 13.0 mm apart along the array with the Flexitron HDR afterloader (Elekta Brachytherapy, Veenendaal, The Netherlands). The DMG256 was connected to a data acquisition system (DAQ) and a computer via USB2.0 link for live readout and post‐processing. The outputted data files were analyzed using a Python script to provide positional and temporal localization of the Ir‐192 source by tracking the centroid of the detected response. Measurements were repeated on a weekly basis, for a period of 5 weeks to determine the consistency of the measured parameters over an extended period.ResultsUsing the DMG256 for relative AKS measurements resulted in measured values within 0.6%–3.0% of the expected activity over a 7‐week period. The sub‐millisecond temporal accuracy of the device allowed for measurements of the transit velocity with an average of (10.88 ± 1.01) cm/s for 13 mm steps. The dwell position localization for 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10 mm steps had an accuracy between 0.1 and 0.3 mm (3σ), with a fixed temporal accuracy of 10 ms.ConclusionThe DMG256 silicon strip detector allows for clinics to perform rigorous daily QA of HDR afterloader dwell position and dwell time accuracy with greater precision than the current standard methodology using closed circuit television and a stopwatch. Additionally, DMG256 unlocks the ability to perform measurements of transit velocity/time and relative AKS, which are not possible using current standard techniques.
Patient perspectives of general practice consultation for musculoskeletal disorders: A qualitative study
Authors: Thomas Rachel , Berry Alice , Cramp Fiona , Walsh Nicola 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundMusculoskeletal disorders (MSKDs) are a significant reason for general practice consultations in the United Kingdom. Current models of care include consultation with a General Practitioner (GP) or a First Contact Physiotherapy Practitioner (FCPP). Evidence suggests that FCPP led care is safe, yet it is unknown whether patients share this belief.PurposeTo explore patients' perspectives of general practice consultation for MSKDs, including views on safety, satisfaction and recommendations for future practice.MethodsA secondary data analysis utilising qualitative data from the Patient Reported Experiences and Outcomes of Safety in Primary Care (PREOS‐PC) questionnaire completed by 426 general practice patients who consulted with a MSKD between December 2019 and October 2022. Responses to the question ‘What changes, if any, would you suggest to your GP surgery to make sure that health care is provided safely?’ were analysed using content analysis.Results606 responses across three timepoints were analysed. Two themes and six subthemes were identified; views on safety and satisfaction (inherent trust in the system, provision of face‐to‐face appointments, prompt access to care, person‐centred care) and recommendations for future practice (appointment system: prompt access to face‐to‐face appointments, delivery of care: co‐ordinated and collaborative person‐centred care).ConclusionsPatients commented that FCPP consultations provided quick and accurate diagnoses and targeted advice. Recommendations for future practice included prompt access to face‐to‐face appointments, phone calls to be answered more quickly, improved communication for test results and follow ups, patients to feel listened to with a more individualised approach, and better continuity of care.
Combat‐related peripheral nerve injuries
Authors: Howard Ileana M. , Sedarsky Kaye , Gallagher Michael , Miller Matthew , Puffer Ross C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractActive‐duty service members (ADSM) and military Veterans represent a population with increased occupational risk for nerve injuries sustained both during training operations and wartime. Mechanisms of war‐related nerve injuries have evolved over time, from the musket ball‐related traumas described by S.W. Mitchell to complex blast injuries and toxic exposures sustained during Middle East conflicts in the 21st century. Commonly encountered nerve injury etiologies in this population currently include compression, direct trauma, nutritional deficits, traumatic limb amputation, toxic chemical exposures, or blast‐related injuries. Expeditious identification and comprehensive, interdisciplinary treatment of combat‐associated neuropathies, as well as prevention of these injuries whenever possible is critical to reduce chronic morbidity and disability for service members and to maintain a well‐prepared military. However, diagnosis of a combat‐associated nerve injury may be particularly challenging due to comorbid battlefield injuries or delayed presentation of neuropathy from military toxic exposures. Advances in imaging for nerve injury, including MRI and ultrasound, provide useful tools to compliment EMG in establishing a diagnosis of combat‐associated nerve injury, particularly in the setting of anatomic disruption or edema. Surgical techniques can improve pain control or restoration of function. In all cases, comprehensive interdisciplinary rehabilitation provides the best framework for optimization of recovery. Further work is needed to prevent combat‐associated nerve injuries and promote nerve recovery following injury.
Recommendations of the SUFU/AUGS/ICS Female Stress Urinary Incontinence Surgical Publication Working Group: A common standard minimum data set for the literature
Authors: Rovner Eric , Chermansky Christopher , Costantini Elisabetta , Dmochowski Roger , Enemchukwu Ekene , Ginsberg David A. , Heesakkers John , Menefee Shawn , Nadeau Geneviève , Rardin Charles , Zimmern Philippe 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroduction and ObjectivesRelevant, meaningful, and achievable data points are critical in objectively assessing quality, utility, and outcomes in female stress urinary incontinence (SUI) surgery. A minimum data set female SUI surgery studies was proposed by the first American Urological Association guidelines on the surgical management of female SUI in 1997, but recommendation adherence has been suboptimal. The Female Stress Urinary Incontinence Surgical Publication Working Group (WG) was created from members of several prominent organizations to formulate a recommended standard of study structure, description, and minimum outcome data set to be utilized in designing and publishing future SUI studies. The goal of this WG was to create a body of evidence better able to assess the outcomes of female SUI surgery.MethodsThe WG reviewed the minimum data set proposed in the 1997 AUA SUI Guideline document, and other relevant literature. The body of literature was examined in the context of the profound changes in the field over the past 25 years. Through a DELPHI process, a standard study structure and minimum data set were generated. Care was taken to balance the value of several meaningful and relevant data points against the burden of creating an excessively difficult or restrictive standard that would disincentivize widespread adoption and negatively impact manuscript production and acceptance.ResultsThe WG outlined standardization in four major areas: (1) study design, (2) pretreatment demographics and characterization of the study population, (3) intraoperative events, and (4) posttreatment evaluation, and complications. Forty‐two items were evaluated and graded as: STANDARD—must be included; ADDITIONAL—may be included for a specific study and is inclusive of the Standard items; OPTIMAL—may be included for a comprehensive study and is inclusive of the Standard and Additional items; UNNECESSARY/LEGACY—not relevant.ConclusionsA reasonable, achievable, and clinically meaningful minimum data set has been constructed. A structured framework will allow future surgical interventions for female SUI to be objectively scrutinized and compared in a clinically significant manner. Ultimately, such a data set, if adopted by the academic community, will enhance the quality of the scientific literature, and ultimately improve short and long‐term outcomes for female patients undergoing surgery to correct SUI.
Risk factor evaluation of cuff pressure of >30 cmH2O to stop air leakage during mechanical ventilation: A prospective observational study
Authors: Wu Hong‐Lei , Wu Yue‐Hong , Shen Wang‐Qin , Shi Jia‐Hai , Zhu Yan‐Ping , Xu Yang‐Hui , Shen Hong‐Wu , Ding Lei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimThe commonly recommended endotracheal tube cuff pressure is 20–30 cmH2O. However, some patients require a cuff pressure of >30 cmH2O to prevent air leakage. The study aims to determine the risk factors that contribute to the endotracheal tube cuff pressure of >30 cmH2O to prevent air leakage.DesignA multi‐centre prospective observational study.MethodsEligible patients undergoing mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit of three hospitals between March 2020 and July 2022 were included. The endotracheal tube cuff pressure to prevent air leakage was determined using the minimal occlusive volume technique. The patient demographics and clinical information were collected.ResultsA total of 284 patients were included. Among these patients, 55 (19.37%) patients required a cuff pressure of >30 cmH2O to prevent air leakage. The multivariate logistic regression results revealed that the surgical operation (odds ratio [OR]: 8.485, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.066–67.525, p = 0.043) was inversely associated with the endotracheal tube cuff pressure of >30 cmH2O, while the oral intubation route (OR: 0.127, 95% CI: 0.022–0.750, p = 0.023) and cuff inner diameter minus tracheal area (OR: 0.949, 95% CI: 0.933–0.966, p < 0.001) were negatively associated with the endotracheal tube cuff pressure of >30 cmH2O. Therefore, a significant number of patients require an endotracheal tube cuff pressure of ＞30 cmH2O to prevent air leakage. Several factors, including the surgical operation, intubation route, and difference between the cuff inner diameter and tracheal area at the T3 vertebra, should be considered when determining the appropriate cuff pressure during mechanical ventilation.
A psychometric analysis of the Japanese version of the clinically useful depression outcome scale supplemented with questions for the DSM‐5 anxious distress specifier (CUDOS‐A)
Authors: Aoki Yumi , Takaesu Yoshikazu , Matsumoto Yasuyuki , Sakurai Hitoshi , Tsuboi Takashi , Okajima Isa , Tachimori Hisateru , Komada Yoko , Watanabe Koichiro , Zimmerman Mark 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to identify the clinical significance of anxiety in those with depression, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM‐5) defined criteria for an anxious distress specifier for major depressive disorder (MDD). The Clinically Useful Depression Outcome Scale (CUDOS) supplemented with questions for the DSM‐5 anxious distress specifier (CUDOS‐A) is a self‐report instrument to assess the clinical significance of anxiety in addition to assess symptoms and the severity of depression. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Japanese version of the CUDOS‐A.MethodsAn observational, prospective study was conducted with 131 MDD outpatients and 200 healthy controls. The Japanese version of the CUDOS‐A, along with other measures, was administered to assess depressive symptoms, anxiety, social function, and biological rhythm. Reliability and validity analyses were performed, including internal consistency, test–retest reliability, convergent validity, and contrasted‐groups validity.ResultsThe Japanese version of the CUDOS‐A demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.96) and test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.78). Significant positive correlations were found between the CUDOS‐A and measures of depression, anxiety, social function, and biological rhythm (all, p < 0.001), supporting its convergent validity. The CUDOS‐A effectively differentiated between patients with MDD and healthy controls (p < 0.001), indicating good contrasted‐groups validity.ConclusionsThe Japanese version of the CUDOS‐A is a useful measure for research and for clinical practice, enabling the efficient assessment of anxious distress in individuals with depression.
Stretchable, stabilized‐conductive XNBR/PEDOT:PSS composites based on bottom‐deposited structure
Authors: Gu Tianle , Liu Wei , Wang Xinghuo , Chen Xiaoqing , Cao Ziwu , Chen Yukun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractConductive composites have attracted much attention due to its high conductivity, stretchability, and sensitivity. However, designing conductive composites with relatively stable conductivity under 100% deformation using simple methods remains a challenge. In this work, we employ a simple and straightforward approach to prepare a poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) solution. Based on the conductivity‐optimized PEDOT:PSS (5.95 S/cm), it was combined with carboxylated acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber latex (XNBRL) to make a flexible conductive material with a unique bottom‐deposited structure. The incorporation of PEDOT:PSS establishes an interconnected conductive network within the XNBR, enhancing both the tensile strength (from 0.31 to 1.24 MPa) and conductivity of the composites. Remarkably, even at 100% strain, the resistance change (ΔR/R0) in the composite remains minimal (<2), demonstrating its exceptional flexibility and high electrical conductivity while maintaining relatively stable resistance during cyclic stretching at 50% deformation. Moreover, the conductive composite can maintain good relative resistance stability under different tensile rates and different strains. This conductive XNBR/PEDOT:PSS composite has promising application prospects in medical devices, which require relatively stable and high conductivity over a relatively large deformation.Highlights
A simple method to increase the electrical conductivity of aqueous PEDOT:PSS.
Flexible conductive composite with a small change in ΔR/R0.
Enables rigid PEDOT to be used in stretchable electronic devices.
Construction of 3D conductive network and bottom deposition structure.
The efficacy of wound catheter infusion with local anesthetics for the treatment of postoperative pain in children: A systematic review
Authors: Swenker Dominique J. , Dirckx Maaike , Staals Lonneke M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWound catheter infusion (WCI) with local anesthetics (LA) is a regional anesthesia technique, which has shown to produce effective postoperative analgesia in adults, without any adverse effects on wound healing. To investigate the efficacy and safety of WCI with LA for the treatment of postoperative pain in children, we conducted a systematic review of literature published until 2020. The literature search included articles concerning subcutaneous WCI with LA, in the surgical wound, as treatment of postoperative pain, in children <18 years of age. Exclusion criteria were studies describing peripheral nerve blocks, intercostal, abdominal or thoracic wall blocks and single local anesthetic infiltration of the surgical wound. The articles were appraised for quality and only randomized controlled trials with a Jadad score ≥3 were included for evaluation of results concerning postoperative pain scores and opioid use. All relevant original studies, including observational studies and case reports, were assessed for adverse events and measurements of LA plasma concentrations during WCI. A total of 1907 articles were found, leading to 92 relevant abstracts selected for further review. After exclusion of articles of which full texts could not be retrieved or because of exclusion criteria, 28 articles remained. Thirteen articles described randomized controlled trials, of which 10 were assessed as good or excellent in quality. Due to the small number and heterogeneity of the studies, the data could not be pooled. Instead, results were described per type of procedure: abdominal surgery, extremity surgery, thoracic surgery and iliac crest bone harvesting. Reduced pain scores and opioid needs were demonstrated after abdominal and extremity surgery. In five studies, plasma levels of LA were measured, which all remained below toxic thresholds. In all relevant studies, no serious adverse events concerning the use of WCI were reported.
MD simulations of diffusion of cyanobiphenyl molecules adsorbed on the graphene surface coated with alkane and alcohol molecules
Authors: Düven Hatice E. , Capar Mine Ilk , Zakharov Alex V. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMolecular dynamics simulations were carried out to study the structural and diffusion properties of a cyanobiphenyl monolayer composed of pentyl cyano biphenyl (5CB) and pentyloxy cyano biphenyl (5OCB) molecules on a graphene surface coated with alkane and alcohol molecules. To investigate the diffusion properties of 5CB and 5OCB molecules on the graphene surface, the molecules of pentane (
) and dodecane (
) from alkanes and dodecanol (
) from alcohols with a polar hydroxyl (
) terminal functional group were chosen as orienting surfactant molecules. It was found that the diffusion ability of cyanobiphenyl molecules in a graphene substrate coated with alkane and alcohol molecules depends on the chain length of these molecules and on the presence of polar hydroxyl –OH terminal groups. With an increase in the length of alkane molecules from
to
, the value of the diffusion coefficient
(or
), it decreases slightly, while the presence of the polar hydroxyl
terminal group leads to a significant decrease in this diffusion coefficient of cyanobiphenyl molecules.
Health‐related quality scores in childhood interstitial lung disease: Good agreement between patient and caregiver reports
Authors: Griese Matthias , Schwerk Nicolaus , Carlens Julia , Wetzke Martin , Emiralioglu Nagehan , Kiper Nural , Marczak Honorata , Lange Joanna , Krenke Katarzyna , Ullmann Nicola , Krikovszky Dora , Hämmerling Susanne , Köster Holger ,   The chILD EU Collaborators, Seidl Elias 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionChildhood interstitial lung disease (chILD) is a heterogeneous group of mostly chronic respiratory disorders. Assessment of health‐related quality of life (HrQoL) in chILD has become increasingly important in clinical care and research. The aim of this study was to assess differences between patient‐reported (self) and caregiver‐reported (proxy) HrQoL scores.MethodsThis study used data obtained from the chILD‐EU Register. After inclusion (baseline), the patient's health status was followed up at predefined study visits. At each study visit, caregivers and patients were handed validated, age‐specific HrQoL questionnaires. HrQoL data entered at baseline were used to compare self‐ and proxy‐reported HrQoL scores. For the longitudinal analysis, we compared HrQoL scores between the baseline and the next follow‐up visit.ResultsNo differences between patient‐ and caregiver‐reported HrQoL scores were found for school functioning, chILD‐specific questionnaire score, and physical health summary score. Self‐reported HrQoL scores were higher for the subscales emotional functioning (77.4 vs. 70.7; p < .001), social functioning (81.9 vs. 76.2; p < .001), as well as psycho‐social summary score (76.5 vs. 71.8; p < .001) and total score (74.7 vs. 70.8; <.001). The longitudinal analysis showed that a significant change in a patient‐reported HrQoL score resulted in a significant change in a caregiver‐reported HrQoL score after a mean time of 11.0 months (SD 9.4).ConclusionsWe found a good agreement between children‐ and caregiver‐related HrQoL scores. In chILD, caregivers are able to sense changes in children's HrQoL scores over time and may be used as a proxy for children unable to complete HrQoL questionnaires.
Front Cover Image
Authors: Wang Meizi , Li Guangyao , Zhou Lin , Hao Youwu , Wang Longfei , Mao Xuewei , Zhang Guoyan , Zhao Chenxiang 
Published: June 2024

The cover image is based on the Research Article Design, synthesis and bioactivity of a new class of antifungal amino acid‐directed phthalide compounds by Meizi Wang et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.8028.
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Flexible Quantum Network Coding by Using Quantum Multiplexing
Authors: Yang Yu‐Guang , Liu Bing‐Xin , Xu Guang‐Bao , Jiang Dong‐Huan , Zhou Yi‐Hua , Shi Wei‐Min , Shang Tao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractQuantum network coding (QNC) aims at alleviating quantum communication congestion in quantum networks. Although several QNC protocols have been presented, they cannot meet the practical requirements that part of source nodes intend to transmit their quantum states with same or different qubit numbers via the bottleneck network simultaneously. Here, the study presents a flexible QNC protocol by using quantum multiplexing. First, the entangled pairs are generated between adjacent nodes in a heralded way by using quantum multiplexing. Then the quantum memories of the source nodes and the ones of the corresponding target nodes are entangled when the intermediate nodes execute multiple rounds of entanglement swapping operations on their quantum memories. Finally, the quantum states are transmitted from the source nodes to their corresponding target nodes by means of quantum teleportation. Compared with the existing protocols, the protocol allows an arbitrary part of the source nodes to transmit their quantum states with same or different qubit numbers via the bottleneck network simultaneously, thereby exhibiting its flexibility.
Inventor CEO involvement and firm exploitative and exploratory innovation
Authors: Harrison Joseph S. , Boivie Steven , Stern Ithai , Porac Joseph 
Published: June 2024

AbstractResearch SummaryThis study extends recent findings that inventor CEOs increase innovative output in large established firms by examining how their involvement in the innovative process influences the nature of innovations produced. Our theory suggests that inventor CEOs who take a hands‐on approach to innovation lead their firms to engage in more exploitative rather than exploratory innovation. We further posit that this effect is particularly strong for insider inventor CEOs, and especially founders, but weaker for outsiders and when the firm's board has broader industry experience. Using a sample of S&P 1500 firms from 1994 to 2010 and inventor CEOs' engagement in patenting as an indicator of hands‐on involvement, we find considerable support for our predictions.Managerial SummaryCEOs with hands‐on experience innovating can substantially increase innovative output in large established firms. Yet, we show that inventors who remain directly engaged in their firms' innovation activities as CEO can limit their scope to incremental innovations that exploit existing technologies as opposed to more radical innovations that result in novel product or service offerings. These tendencies are stronger for inventors who come to the CEO position from inside the firm, especially founders, but weaker when the firm's board has broader industry experience. Overall, our study reveals an important tradeoff for large firms of having an inventor as CEO, how hands‐on involvement by inventor CEOs may narrow their firms' innovative trajectories, and how or when these tendencies can be mitigated.