bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of a Cool Saline Solution Irrigation on Mandibular Third Molar Extraction Site: A Postoperative Split-Mouth Evaluation
Authors: Ronsivalle Vincenzo , Cicciù Marco , Fiorillo Luca 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of sterile saline solution irrigation (lavage) performed after mandibular third molar extraction on postoperative complications, utilizing a split-mouth randomized clinical trial design.

Methods:
Seventeen healthy participants requiring bilateral mandibular third molar extraction were enrolled in this single-center study. In each participant, one impacted third molar was designated as the experimental group and subjected to saline lavage at 4 °C. In contrast, the control group was the other impacted third molar, undergoing saline lavage at 25 °C. Various parameters, including postoperative pain, mouth opening, and facial swelling, were assessed using standardized measures and three-dimensional facial scanning at multiple time points.

Results:
The average age of participants was 26.66 ± 4.1 years, with no postoperative complications observed in either group. The duration of surgery did not significantly differ between groups. Postoperative pain was significantly reduced in the experimental group during the immediate postoperative period compared with the control group, but this difference diminished over time. No significant differences were observed in mouth opening or facial swelling between groups at any time.

Conclusion:
In site 4 °C, sterile saline solution irrigation after mandibular third molar extraction may effectively reduce early postoperative complications, particularly pain, without prolonging surgical duration.
Prevalence and Morphometry of Occipital Foramen in Dry Skulls and its Clinical Implications
Authors: Singh Rajani 
Published: May 2024

The occipital emissary foramen (OEF) located on the occipital bone transmits the occipital emissary vein, which connects the occipital vein to the confluence of cranial venous sinuses. The OEF varies in incidence, number, size, and location. Knowledge of this foramen is essential for carrying out suboccipital and transcondylar surgeries without clinical implications. Hence, the study was planned. The aim of the present study is to elaborate on incidence, location, and morphometry consisting of the number and size of this foramen in light of clinical bearing in the context of the Indian population. The study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy using 80 skulls of unknown age and sex. The occipital bone of the skull was observed for the incidence, number, size, and location of the occipital emissary vein and associated clinical implications were elaborated. The incidence of occipital foramen was 36.25% and detected in 29 skulls. All these occipital foramina were patent. The mean diameter of this foramen was 0.6 mm. The most common location of these foramina was the left side of the foramen magnum, followed by the left side of the external occipital crest. The information about the incidence, number, size, and location of OEF is important to prevent catastrophic bleeding during surgery in the region of the occipital bone. The awareness of differential morphometry and morphology of occipital foramina is of great importance for neurosurgeons during suboccipital craniotomy and skull base surgeries, including far lateral and transcondylar approaches to access posterior cranial fossa for management of pathologies in the cranial cavity.
Computed Tomography Evaluation of Frontal Sinus Volume in Migraine Patients
Authors: Elvan Özlem , Esen Kaan , Kaleağasi Şükrü Hakan , Tezer Mesut Sabri 
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to assess the frontal sinus volume (FSV) on computed tomography (CT) scans in migraine patients. Cranial and paranasal CT images from 75 migraine patients (mean age: 39.14±13.63 y) and 23 control cases (mean age: 38.78±13.32 y) were analyzed retrospectively. Three-dimensionally reconstructed images of frontal sinuses were generated. Total FSV, anterolateral, and transverse diameters of the head were measured. The presence/absence and nature of supraorbital foramen and notches were evaluated. The total FSV was 8.02±5.97 cm3 in the migraine group and 8.38±4.83 cm3 in the control group, with no significant differences between them. Mean FSV values showed no statistically significant difference between females (7.79±5.85 cm3) and males (9.12±6.66 cm3) within and between the groups. Single notch was the most observed structure in both groups, with bilateral presence being the most common. Double foramen and notch were observed only in the migraine group, and the coexistence of both structures was higher in the migraine patients than in controls. There was no statistical difference in FSV between migraine and control groups, nor based on sex. Overall, the frontal region anatomy, particularly the exit locations of the supraorbital or supratrochlear foramen/notches, may be influenced by hyperplasia/hypoplasia of FSV. Therefore, assessing FSV using CT may be crucial for surgical planning in migraine patients undergoing open or endoscopic approaches to the frontal region.
Effect of Subnormothermic Machine Perfusion on the Preservation of Vascularized Composite Allografts After Prolonged Warm Ischemia
Authors: Charlès Laura , Filz von Reiterdank Irina , Lancia Hyshem H. , Shamlou Austin Alana , Berkane Yanis , Rosales Ivy , Mink van der Molen Aebele B. , Coert J.H. , Cetrulo Curtis L. , Lellouch Alexandre G. , Uygun Korkut 
Published: May 2024

Background.
Warm ischemia time (WIT) and ischemia–reperfusion injury are limiting factors for vascularized composite allograft (VCA) transplantation. Subnormothermic machine perfusion (SNMP) has demonstrated the potential to extend WIT in organ transplantation. This study evaluates the effect of SNMP on VCA viability after prolonged WIT.

Methods.
Rat hindlimbs underwent WIT for 30, 45, 60, 120, 150, or 210 min, followed by 3-h SNMP. Monitoring of perfusion parameters and outflow determined the maximum WIT compatible with limb viability after SNMP. Thereafter, 2 groups were assessed: a control group with inbred transplantation (Txp) after 120 min of WIT and an experimental group that underwent WIT + SNMP + Txp. Graft appearance, blood gas, cytokine levels, and histology were assessed for 21 d.

Results.
Based on potassium levels, the limit of WIT compatible with limb viability after SNMP is 120 min. Before this limit, SNMP reduces potassium and lactate levels of WIT grafts to the same level as fresh grafts. In vivo, the control group presented 80% graft necrosis, whereas the experimental group showed no necrosis, had better healing (P = 0.0004), and reduced histological muscle injury (P = 0.012). Results of blood analysis revealed lower lactate, potassium levels, and calcium levels (P = 0.048) in the experimental group. Both groups presented an increase in interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-1b/IL-1F2 with a return to baseline after 7 to 14 d.

Conclusions.
Our study establishes the limit of WIT compatible with VCA viability and demonstrates the effectiveness of SNMP in restoring a graft after WIT ex vivo and in vivo, locally and systemically.
Identifying Population-Level and Within-Hospital Disparities in Surgical Care
Authors: de Jager Elzerie , Osman Samia Y , Sheu Christina , Moberg Esther , Ye Jamie , Liu Yaoming , Cohen Mark E , Burstin Helen R , Hoyt David B , Schoenfeld Andrew J , Haider Adil H , Ko Clifford Y , Maggard-Gibbons Melinda A , Weissman Joel S , Britt LD 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
The lack of consensus on equity measurement and its incorporation into quality-assessment programs at the hospital and system levels may be a barrier to addressing disparities in surgical care. This study aimed to identify population-level and within-hospital differences in the quality of surgical care provision.

STUDY DESIGN:
The analysis included 657 NSQIP participating hospitals with more than 4 million patients (2014 to 2018). Multilevel random slope, random intercept modeling was used to examine for population-level and in-hospital disparities. Disparities in surgical care by Area Deprivation Index (ADI), race, and ethnicity were analyzed for 5 measures: all-case inpatient mortality, all-case urgent readmission, all-case postoperative surgical site infection, colectomy mortality, and spine surgery complications.

RESULTS:
Population-level disparities were identified across all measures by ADI, 2 measures for Black race (all-case readmissions and spine surgery complications), and none for Hispanic ethnicity. Disparities remained significant in the adjusted models. Before risk adjustment, in all measures examined, within-hospital disparities were detected in: 25.8% to 99.8% of hospitals for ADI, 0% to 6.1% of hospitals for Black race, and 0% to 0.8% of hospitals for Hispanic ethnicity. After risk adjustment, in all measures examined, less than 1.1% of hospitals demonstrated disparities by ADI, race, or ethnicity.

CONCLUSIONS:
After risk adjustment, very few hospitals demonstrated significant disparities in care. Disparities were more frequently detected by ADI than by race and ethnicity. The lack of substantial in-hospital disparities may be due to the use of postoperative metrics, small sample sizes, the risk adjustment methodology, and healthcare segregation. Further work should examine surgical access and healthcare segregation.
Efficacy and safety of ethanolamine oleate in sclerotherapy in patients with difficult-to-resect venous malformations: A multicenter, open-label, single-arm study
Authors: Ozaki Mine , Nomura Tadashi , Osuga Keigo , Kurita Masakazu , Hayashi Ayato , Yuzuriha Shunsuke , Aramaki-Hattori Noriko , Hikosaka Makoto , Nozaki Taiki , Ozeki Michio , Ochi Junko , Akiyama Shimpei , Kakei Yasumasa , Miyakoda Keiko , Kashiwagi Naoko , Yasuda Takahiro , Iwashina Yuki , Kaneko Tsuyoshi , Kamibeppu Kiyoko , Soejima Takafumi , Harii Kiyonori 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of sclerotherapy in patients with difficult-to-resect venous malformations treated with ethanolamine oleate.Design and settingThis investigator-initiated clinical trial employed a multicenter, single-arm, open-label design and was conducted in Japan.PatientsOverall, 44 patients with difficult-to-resect venous malformations were categorized into two cohorts: 22 patients with cystic-type malformations and 22 patients with diffuse-type malformations.InterventionsPatients received injections of 5% ethanolamine oleate solution, double diluted with contrast or normal saline, with a maximum dose of 0.4 mL/kg. The same method of administration was used for children (<15 years old). The maximum volume of the prepared solution in one treatment was 30 mL.Evaluation methodsTreatment efficacy was assessed by evaluating changes in lesion volume using magnetic resonance imaging and changes in pain using a visual analog scale.ResultsAmong the 45 patients who consented, one was excluded owing to potential intracranial involvement of venous malformations during screening. Regarding the primary outcome, 26 of 44 patients (59.1%, 95% confidence interval: 44.41–72.31%) achieved ≥ 20% reduction in malformation volume, with 16 patients having cystic lesions (72.7%, 51.85–86.85%) and 10 patients having diffuse lesions (45.5%, 26.92–65.34%). Both cohorts showed significant improvement in self-reported pain scores associated with lesions 3 months post-sclerotherapy. No death or serious adverse events occurred. Hemoglobinuria was observed in 23 patients (52%), a known drug-related adverse event. Prompt initiation of haptoglobin therapy led to full recovery within a month for these patients.ConclusionsEthanolamine oleate shows potential as a therapeutic sclerosing agent for patients with difficult-to-resect venous malformations.
Comparing Scientific Machine Learning with Population Pharmacokinetic and Classical Machine Learning Approaches for Prediction of Drug Concentrations
Authors: Valderrama Diego , Teplytska Olga , Koltermann Luca Marie , Trunz Elena , Schmulenson Eduard , Fritsch Achim , Jaehde Ulrich , Fröhlich Holger 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA variety of classical machine learning (ML) approaches have been developed over the past decade aiming to individualize drug dosages based on measured plasma concentrations. However, the interpretability of these models is challenging as they do not incorporate information on pharmacokinetic (PK) drug disposition. In this work we compare drug plasma concentraton predictions of well-known population PK (PopPK) modeling with classical machine learning models and a newly proposed scientific machine learning (MMPK-SciML) framework. MMPK-SciML lets us estimate PopPK parameters and their inter-individual variability (IIV) using multimodal covariate data of each patient and does not require assumptions about the underlying covariate relationships. A dataset of 541 fluorouracil (5FU) plasma concentrations as example for an intravenously administered drug and a dataset of 302 sunitinib and its active metabolite concentrations each, as example for an orally administered drug were used for analysis. Whereas classical machine learning models were not able to describe the data sufficiently, MMPK-SciML allowed us to obtain accurate drug plasma concentration predictions for test patients. In case of 5FU, goodness-of-fit shows that the MMPK-SciML approach predicts drug plasma concentrations more accurately than PopPK models. For sunitinib, we observed slightly less accurate drug concentration predictions compared to PopPK. Overall, MMPK-SciML has shown promising results and should therefore be further investigated as a valuable alternative to classical PopPK modeling, provided there is sufficient training data.
Placental and Immune Cell DNA Methylation Reference Panel for Bulk Tissue Cell Composition Estimation in Epidemiological Studies
Authors: Campbell Kyle A. , Colacino Justin A. , Dou John , Dolinoy Dana C. , Park Sung Kyun , Loch-Caruso Rita , Padmanabhan Vasantha , Bakulski Kelly M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo distinguish DNA methylation (DNAm) from cell proportion changes in whole placental tissue research, we developed a robust cell type-specific DNAm reference to estimate cell composition. We collated newly collected and existing cell type DNAm profiles quantified via Illumina EPIC or 450k microarrays. To estimate cell composition, we deconvoluted whole placental samples (n=36) with robust partial correlation based on the top 50 hyper- and hypomethylated sites per cell type. To test deconvolution performance, we evaluated RMSE in predicting principal component one of DNAm variation in 204 external placental samples. We analyzed DNAm profiles (n=368,435 sites) from 12 cell types: cytotrophoblasts (n=18), endothelial cells (n=19), Hofbauer cells (n=26), stromal cells (n=21), syncytiotrophoblasts (n=4), six lymphocyte types (n=36), and nucleated red blood cells (n=11). Median cell composition was consistent with placental biology: 60.4% syncytiotrophoblast, 17.1% stromal, 8.8% endothelial, 4.5% cytotrophoblast, 3.9% Hofbauer, 1.7% nucleated red blood cells, and 1.2% neutrophils. Our expanded reference outperformed an existing reference in predicting DNAm variation (15.4% variance explained, IQR=21.61) with cell composition estimates (RMSE:10.51 vs. 11.43, p-value<0.001). This cell type reference can robustly estimate cell composition from whole placental DNAm data to detect important cell types, reveal biological mechanisms, and improve casual inference.
Adaptation of pain-related projection neurons in acute but not chronic pain
Authors: Title Ben , Velasco Enrique , Engelmayer Nurit , Rayi Prudhvi Raj , Yanai Roy , Hart Shmuel , Katz Ben , Lev Shaya , Yarom Yosef , Binshtok Alexander M 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPain hypersensitivity is associated with increased activity of peripheral and central neurons along the pain neuroaxis1. On the other hand, in other neuronal systems, increased activity leads to adaptive reduction of neuronal excitability to maintain homeostasis2–4. Projection neurons (PNs) of spinal and medullary dorsal horns summate the activity of primary nociceptive and local central interneurons and convey it to higher centers5. We show that at the peak of acute inflammatory pain, PNs reduce their intrinsic excitability and, consequently, action potential firing. When pain resolves, the excitability of PNs returns to baseline. Using electrophysiological and computational approaches, we found that an increase in potassium A-current (IA) underlies the decrease in the excitability of PNs in acute pain conditions. We hypothesized that an IA-induced decrease in PNs firing may restrain the output from the dorsal horn to prevent sensitization and pain chronification. Indeed, no changes of IAin PNs were observed in chronic pain conditions, and PNs exhibit increased intrinsic excitability and firing. Our results reveal an adaptive mechanism in acute pain conditions for regulating the output from the dorsal horn network, which, if interrupted, could trigger pain chronification.
A novel critic signal in identified midbrain dopaminergic neurons of mice training in operant tasks
Authors: Matsumoto Jumpei , Oberto Virginie J. , Pompili Marco N. , Todorova Ralitsa , Papaleo Francesco , Nishijo Hisao , Venance Laurent , Vandecasteele Marie , Wiener Sidney I. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the canonical interpretation of phasic activation of dopaminergic neurons during Pavlovian conditioning, initially cell firing is triggered by unexpected rewards. Upon learning, activation instead follows the reward-predictive conditioned stimulus. When expected rewards are withheld, firing is inhibited. Here, we recorded optogenetically identified dopaminergic neurons of ventral tegmental area (VTA) in mice training in successive operant sensory discrimination tasks. A delay was imposed between nose-poke choices and trial outcome signals (reward or punishment). While animals were still performing at sub-criterion levels in the task, firing increased after correct choices, but prior to trial outcome signals. Thus, the neurons predicted whether choices would be rewarded, despite the animals’ poor behavioral performance. Surprisingly, these neurons also fired after reward delivery, as if the rewards had been unexpected, but the cells were inhibited after punishment signals, as if the reward had been expected after all. These inconsistencies suggest extension of theoretical formulations of dopaminergic neuronal activity: it would embody multiple roles in temporal difference learning and actor-critic models. Furthermore, during chance and sub-criterion performance levels during task training, the mice performed other task strategies (e.g., alternation and spatial persistence) which did not reliably elicit rewards, again while these neurons predicted the correct choice. The reward prediction activity of these neurons could serve as critic signal for the preceding choice. These finding are consistent with the notion that multiple Bayesian belief representations must be reconciled prior to reaching criterion performance levels.
Inactivation of mitochondrial complex IV inPhyscomitrium patensreveals the essential role of respiration in coordinating plants metabolism
Authors: Vera-Vives Antoni M. , Mellon Marco , Gurrieri Libero , Westhoff Philipp , Segalla Anna , Bizzotto Edoardo , Campanaro Stefano , Sparla Francesca , Weber Andreas P.M. , Alboresi Alessandro , Morosinotto Tomas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhotosynthetic organisms use sunlight as energy source but rely on respiration during the night and in non-photosynthetic tissues. Respiration is also active in photosynthetically active cells, where its role is still unclear due to a lack of viable mutants.Plants lacking cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV) activity are generally lethal but were here isolated exploiting the possibility of generating knockout lines through vegetative propagation in the mossPhyscomitrium patens.The mutants showed severely impaired growth, with an altered composition of the respiratory apparatus and increased electron transfer through the alternative oxidase. The light phase of photosynthesis remained largely unaffected while the efficiency of carbon fixation was moderately reduced. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses showed that the disruption of the cytochrome pathway had broad consequences for carbon and nitrogen metabolism. A major alteration in nitrogen assimilation was observed with a general reduction in amino acid abundance. A partial rescue of the growth could be obtained by growing the plants with an external supply of amino acids but not with sugars, demonstrating that respiration in plant photosynthetic cells plays an essential role at the interface between carbon and nitrogen metabolism and a key role in providing carbon skeletons for amino acid biosynthesis.
Quick, Don’t Move!: Wh-Movement and Wh-In-Situ Structures in Rapid Parallel Reading – EEG studies in English, Urdu, and Mandarin Chinese
Authors: Chacón Dustin A. , Dunagan Donald , McLendon Jill , Khokhar Hareem , Hoque Zahin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA fundamental question in the cognitive neuroscience of language is how grammatical representations are reflected in the organization and activity of the brain. This is challenging in part because superficial differences between languages, e.g., word order, exert different demands on the memory systems that process these structures. Here, we present an electroencephalography (EEG) study to investigate the brain’s responses towh-constructions in English, Urdu, and Mandarin Chinese. In addition to the different word orders, writing systems, and morphological typologies of the 3 languages, these languages diverge with regard to howwh-constructions are formed: English requires filler-gap dependencies forwh-objects, whereas Urdu and Mandarin Chinese do not. We use a rapid parallel reading task, in which short sentences are displayed in parallel for 200ms to mitigate the different demands placed on memory systems. We show that neural responses distinguishwh-object constructions from their controls in midline anterior (Urdu, Mandarin Chinese) and right posterior sensors (English, Mandarin Chinese), from 200–400ms (English, Mandarin Chinese) and 500–800ms (English, Urdu). Although there is no detectable uniform, language-invariant response towh-constructions across languages, there are a number of shared features in the evoked response between any pair of languages, i.e.,wh-in-situconstructions generate an evoked response in midline anterior sensors. Moreover, behavioral evidence shows a robust cross-language cost of processingwh-object constructions, regardless of their surface form. This demonstrates that readers of diverse languages can process some grammatical information in a short 200ms fixation, and that the RPVP methodology may enable new ways of linking cognitive neuroscience of language to comparative syntax, i.e., the systematic description of similarities and differences between grammatical structures.