bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A descriptive study of pathways to care of high risk for psychosis adolescents in Korea
Authors: Shin Yun‐Mi , Jung Hee Yeon , Kim Sung‐Wan , Lee Seung‐Hwan , Shin Sang‐Eun , Park Jong‐Ik , An Suk Kyoon , Kim Young‐Hoon , Chung Young‐Chul 
Published: April 2010

AbstractAim: To cut down on the time of untreated psychosis it is necessary to know the pathways to care of patients. We designed this study to examine patients' help seeking contacts. There have only been a few studies in developing countries examining the pathways to care, and this research is the first of its kind in Korea focusing on adolescents.Methods: The sample consisted of 18 adolescents aged 15 to 18 years. We evaluated the Comprehensive Assessment of At‐Risk Mental States and ‘pathway to care’ at the initial evaluation of the patient. ‘Pathways to care’ data was collected via an interview with the patient. In each interview, the prospective description of each participants' help contacts, from the initial suspected psychiatric illness until the first psychiatric help was noted.Results: In total, 14 contacts were made among the 18 patients. Of these, the most common contacts were either through a family member, teacher or the Internet. Thirty‐three percent of high risk for psychosis adolescents sought help themselves.Conclusion: Our findings showed that the Internet and family members were the key contacts in as many as 57% of high risk adolescents. In Korea, patients and caregivers both serve important roles in help seeking efforts. It is important for adolescents who are at high risk of psychosis in Korea to have easy access to information in recognizing mental health problems. Therefore, mass in‐depth educating and public campaigning are important in recognizing the symptoms of early psychosis and in doing so can reduce the DUP.
Impact of 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the staging and treatment response assessment of extra‐pulmonary small‐cell cancer
Authors: Gregory DL , Brennan SM , Stillie A , Herschtal A , Hicks RJ , MacManus MP , Ball DL 
Published: April 2010

SummaryThe aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the value of 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) in extrapulmonary small‐cell cancer (EPSCC). Patients with EPSCC who underwent PET for staging or response assessment between 1996 and 2007 were identified from a database. Patient records were reviewed. PET‐based, and conventional staging and restaging results were compared. The binary staging classification of limited disease (LD) versus extensive disease (ED) was used. Patients with LD had tumours that could be encompassed within a tolerable radiation therapy (RT) volume. Of 33 eligible patients, 12 had staging PET scans, 11 had restaging scans and 10 had both. All known gross disease sites were FDG‐avid. PET and conventional stage groupings were concordant in 21 of 22 cases. One patient was appropriately upstaged from LD to ED by PET. PET detected additional disease sites, without causing upstaging in three further patients. Restaging PET scans identified previously unrecognised persistent or progressive disease in 4 of 21 cases. In four further cases, persistent FDG uptake after treatment was either false positive (n = 2) or of uncertain (n = 2) aetiology. PPV was 100% for staging and 82% for restaging. In 8 of 43 imaging episodes (19%), PET appropriately influenced management in five cases by changing treatment intent from radical to palliative, and in three cases by altering the RT volume. PET has incremental value compared to conventional imaging for staging EPSCC, and may also be useful for restaging after therapy. PET influenced patient management in 19% of 43 imaging episodes.
Multidetector computed tomography of jaw lesions in children and adolescents
Authors: Gadodia A , Seith A , Sharma R , Choudhury AR , Bhutia O , Gupta A 
Published: April 2010

SummaryJaw lesions in paediatric and adolescent population are uncommon and can arise in odontogenic or non‐odontogenic tissues. With the advent of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), algorithm for imaging jaw lesions has changed dramatically. This pictorial essay describes the imaging appearance of commonly encountered jaw lesions in children and adolescents with emphasis on MDCT findings.
A short case of a splenic arteriovenous fistula coexisting with portal hypertension secondary to hepatitis C: Radiologic diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Azar CR , Al‐Kutoubi AO , Mourad FH 
Published: April 2010

SummarySplenic arteriovenous fistula (SAVF) is a rare but potentially curable condition. Only a few cases have been reported in the English literature. SAVF can cause portal hypertension, ascites, gastrointestinal bleeding, and heart failure. An early diagnosis is essential to avoid life threatening complications. We hereby present a case of SAVF in a young female patient, with hepatitis C liver cirrhosis who presented with recurrent severe upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Such an association of liver cirrhosis and SAVF has not been previously reported.
Lung cancer multidisciplinary team meetings: A survey of participants at a national conference
Authors: Bydder S , Hasani A , Broderick C , Semmens J 
Published: April 2010

SummaryMultidisciplinary meetings (MDMs) are a useful aid for the development of comprehensive treatment plans for cancer patients. However, little is known about the requirements for effective MDM function. Attendees at a national lung cancer conference who participated at least weekly in lung cancer MDMs were surveyed. The survey addressed the attendees' perceptions regarding the aims of MDMs, and for their own institutional MDMs, the importance and need for improvement for each of: (i) the attendance of nine discipline groups; and (ii) 15 aspects related to MDM function derived from the literature. The survey also asked participants if MDMs met their needs. There was a general agreement on the aims of the meetings. There was also an agreement on the importance of various groups' attendance and each of the examined aspects of MDMs. However, many respondents reported their meetings required moderate or substantial improvements in one or more areas. More than 20% of the respondents indicated improvement was required for the attendance of three discipline groups (palliative care physicians, pathologists and cardiothoracic surgeons) and 10 of the 15 examined aspects (more than half in the case of computerised databases). Only 9% of the respondents reported that none of the features surveyed needed either moderate or substantial improvement. MDMs met the needs of 79% of the respondents. We found general agreement on the aims of the meetings, the importance of various groups' attendance at MDMs and each of the examined aspects of MDMs. However, moderate or substantial improvements were thought to be required by many respondents. The performance of individual institutions' MDMs and the resources they have available to achieve their aims should be assessed and periodically reviewed. The survey applied here may provide a framework for MDM members to do this.
Dosimetric implications of the addition of 18 fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography in CT‐based radiotherapy planning for non‐small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Vinod SK , Kumar S , Holloway LC , Shafiq J 
Published: April 2010

SummaryThe aim of this study was to assess the impact of F‐18 fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) CT on radiotherapy planning parameters for patients treated curatively with radiotherapy for non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Five patients with stages I–III NSCLC underwent a diagnostic FDG‐PET CT (dPET CT), planning FDG‐PET CT (pPET CT) and a simulation CT (RTP CT). For each patient, three radiation oncologists delineated a gross tumour volume based on RTP CT alone, and fused with dPET CT and pPET CT. Standard expansions were used to generate PTVs, and a 3D conformal plan was created. Normal tissue doses were compared between plans. Coverage of pPET CT PTV by the plans based on RTP CT and dPET CT was assessed, and tumour control probabilities were calculated. Mean PTV was similar between RTP CT, dPET CT and pPET CT, although there were significant inter‐observer differences in four patients. The plans, however, showed no significant differences in doses to lung, oesophagus, heart or spinal cord. The RTP CT plan and dPET CT plan significantly underdosed the pPET PTV in two patients with minimum doses ranging from 12 to 63% of prescribed dose. Coverage by the 95% isodose was suboptimal in these patients, but this did not translate into poorer tumour control probability. The effect of fused FDG‐PET varied between observers. The addition of dPET and pPET did not significantly change the radiotherapy planning parameters. Although FDG‐PET is of benefit in tumour delineation, its effect on normal tissue complication probability and tumour control probability cannot be predicted.
Nurses' views on current and future systems for classification of psychiatric disorders
Authors: Aitchison Rachael , Mellsop Graham 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIntroduction: This study aimed to document experiences and views of practicing mental health nurses on the official psychiatric diagnostic systems and their current usage.Methods: A questionnaire and research design were established by a nursing reference group and resulted in a survey sent to 600 nurses of whom 150 responded. Respondents represented a wide range of clinical practice situations, age, years of experience and both genders.Results: Only 20% of respondents routinely used the World Health Organization (WHO) system of International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 10. The American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)‐IV was a more popular diagnostic system.Discussion:This study highlights the importance of the classificatory system to treatment planning and to intra‐team communication. However, nurses indicated a number of reservations about its utility and appropriateness for their daily work and specified areas they consider for improvement in the development of next versions of the international classificatory systems.
Some Aspects of the Law Relating to Equine Practice
Authors: PORTER A. R. W. 
Published: April 2010

SUMMARYThe paper makes initial mention of the principles of the law of negligence, and applies them to the case of the professional man in his capacity as a general practitioner and as a specialist.Consideration is then given to the liability of a veterinarian in respect of a faulty diagnosis. the failure to use up‐to‐date equipment, the continued use of discredited practices and the giving of negligent advice. The position of the veterinary surgeon who offers his services gratuitously is also dealt with, as is the necessity of keeping full and accurate records of cases handled.The ethical and legal considerations involved in cases of supersession, the obtaining of second opinions and the referral of cases to other members of the profession for treatment are also covered, and the paper concludes with some observations in regard to the giving of evidence by a veterinarian before the courts.RÉSUMÉL'article rappelle d'abord les bases sur lesquelles se définit la négligence professionnelle et les principes qui en découlent, appliqués au Vétérinaire soit dans l'exercice d'une clientèle de généraliste, soit dans l'exercice d'une spécialité.La responsabilité du Vétérinaire est alors discutée, dans le cas d'un diagnostic erroné, dans le cas d'emploi d'un équipement imparfait ou désuet, dans le cas d'application de techniques discrèditées ou douteuses et dans le cas où un avis professionnel entaché de négligence est donné.La situation du confrère qui donne ses services à titre gracieux est également évoqúée.La nécessité de tenir à jour le compte rendu complet et précis des cas traités est soulignée.Les considérations éthiques et légales qu'impliquent les consultations confraternelles et la prise en charge des traitements par les confrères sont discutées.L'article est terminé par quelques remarques au sujet des témoignages que le praticien peut apporter aux tribunaux dans l'exercice de sa profession.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDer Artikel wird eingeleitet mit den Grundsätzen der Gesetze über Fahrlässigkeit; anschliessend wendet der Autor diese Gesetze auf den Berufsmann als Allgemeinpraktiker und als Spezialist an.Die Haftbarkeit des Tierarztes bei falscher Diagnosestellung, bei der Verwendung einer unmodernen Ausrüstung, beim Gebrauch von obsoleten Methoden und bei fahrlässiger Beratung wird diskutiert. Die Stellung von Tierärzten, die ihre Dienste unentgeltlich anbieten, wird ebenso eingehend besprochen wie die Notwendigkeit, ausführliche und genaue Krankengeschichten über alle behandelten Fälle zu führen. Die ethischen und gesetzlichen Gesichtspunkte in Fällen von Verdrängung eingesessener Kollegen, beim Einholen anderer Meinungen und bei Ueberweisungen an andere Berufskollegen werden ebenfalls berücksichtigt. Die Arbeit schliesst mit Betrachtungen zur Rolle des Tierarztes als Zeuge oder Experte vor Gericht.
Growth Rate in Thoroughbred Yearlings and Two Year Olds
Authors: GREEN D. A. 
Published: April 2010

SUMMARYOne hundred and four animals aged 13–18 months were measured at monthly or two monthly intervals, as were comparable numbers of animals 19–36 months old. Height, girth and circumference of the cannon bone below the knee were recorded, measurements for colts and fillies are shown separately. The average height at 18 months was 148 cm (15.0 1/2 h.h.) and at 36 months 156 cm (15.3 1/2 h.h.).RÉSUMÉ104 animaux âgés de 13 à 18 mois furent mesurés chaque mois, comme le furent des nombres comparables d'animaux âgés de 19 à 36 mois. La hauteur au passage de sangles et la circonférence des canons juste au‐dessous du genou a été enregistrée, les mesures des males et des femelles vues séparément. La taille moyenne à 18 mois est de 148 cm et à 36 mois de 156 cm.ZUSAMMENFASSUNG104 Tiere im Alter von 13 bis 18 Monaten und eine ähnliche Anzahl Pferde im Alter von 19 bis 36 Monaten wurden in monatlichen Abständen gemessen. Höhe, Brustumfang und Röhrbeinumfang unter dem Vorderknie wurden registriert und nach Hengsten und Stuten getrennt wiedergegeben. Die Durchschnittshöhe betrug mit 18 Monaten 148 cm (15 hands) und mit 36 Monaten 156 cm (15.3 1/2 hands).
The Husbandry and Veterinary Care of Wild Horses in Captivity
Authors: JONES D. M. 
Published: April 2010

SUMMARYA short account of the natural history of the wild Equidae is given as a background to their management in captivity. In general the approach to their husbandry and veterinary care is similar to that for the domestic horse. A mixture of etorphine and acepromazine has been found to be the most effective for handling and conventional methods of anaesthesia can be safely superimposed on these if required. The data collected at Whipsnade on the haematology and biochemistry of these species is summarised in tabular form and an analysis is included of the post‐mortem examinations of 105 equine carcases from the Society's collections during the last 20 years.RÉSUMÉUn bref rappel de l'histoire naturelle des Equidés sauvages sert de prologue à cet article. D'une manière générale les principes hygiéniques et vétérinaires sont les mêmes pour les chevaux domestiques et pour les chevaux sauvages.Pour la contention on a retenu comme particulièrement efficace un mélange d'étorphine et d'acépromazine, mélange auquel les méthodes conventionnelles ‘danesthésie ont pu être ajoutées avec sécurité.Les données hématologiques et biochimiques recueillies sur ces espèces—comme WHIPSNADE l'avait précédemment réalisé—sont résumées sous forme de tableaux. 150 examens nécropsiques effectués durant les 20 dernières années sont analysés.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGEin kurzer Abriss der Naturgeschichte wilder Equiden dient als Hintergrund für ihre Haltung in Gefangenschaft. Im allgemeinen sind Haltung und tierärztliche Pflege ähnlich wie beim Hauspferd. Eine Mischung von Etorphin und Ace‐Promazin wurde als beste Sedation für den Umgang mit Wildpferden beurteilt und konventionelle Narkosen können sicher darauf aufgebaut werden, sollten sie benötigt werden. Die Resultate haematologischer und biochemischer Untersuchungen, die in Whipsnade an wilden Equiden vorgenommen wurden, werden in Tabellen zusammengefasst. Eine Analyse von 105 Equidensektionen aus den letzten 20 Jahren ist beigefügt.
Horner's Syndrome in the Horse: Experimental Induction and a Case Report
Authors: FIRTH E. C. 
Published: April 2010

SUMMARYThe findings in 6 experimental and 1 natural case of Horner's Syndrome (HS) are presented. The experimental cases were induced by unilateral surgical section of the cervical sympathetic trunk in the middle third of the neck. The naturally occurring case was seen in a 17 year old gelding with a mediastinal tumour. The signs of HS in these horses included ptosis, miosis, enophthalmos, hemilateral sweating and temperature increase of the face and cranial cervical region on the affected side. The intensity of these signs was variable between and within animals. Miosis, enophthalmos and temperature difference were sometimes difficult to discern. Clinically the recognition of HS is important in the localization of lesions, and when accompanied by nasal haemorrhage is highly suggestive of guttural pouch mycosis.RÉSUMÉLes observations de six cas expérimentaux et d'un cas naturel de syndrôme de HORNER sont indiquées. Les cas expérimentaux furent induits par la section chirurgicale unilatérale du rameau cervical sympathique au tiers moyen de l'encolure.Le cas clinique fut observé chez un cheval hongre de 17 ans présentant une tumeur médiastinale. Les signes cliniques du syndrome sont la ptose palpébrale, le myosis, l'enophtalmie, une sudation hémilatérale et une élévation de la température de la face et de la région cranio cervicale du côté affligé. L'intensité des signes cliniques variait avec chaque individu et pour un même individu. Le myosis, l'enophtalmie et l'hyperthermie furent parfois difficilement discernables. L'identification du syndrome est importante pour aiderà situer certaines lésions. En outre, lorsqu'une hémorragie nasale est surajoutéeà ce syndrome, le tout suggère l'existence d'une mycose de la poche gutturale.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Befunde von sechs experimentellen und einem natürlichen Fall von Horner's Syndrom (HS) werden beschrieben. Die experimentelle Erkrankung wurde hervorgerufen durch die unilateral chirurgische Durchtrennung des Halssympathicus im mittleren Halsdrittel. Der natürliche Fall wurde bei einem 17 jährigen Wallachen mit einem Mediastinaltumor beobachtet. Die Anzeichen von HS umfassten Ptosis, Miosis, Enophthalmus, hemilaterales Schwitzen und einen Temperaturanstieg im Gesicht und in der cranialen Halsgegend der befallenen Seite. Die Intensität der Symptome variierte unter den Pferden aber auch beim individuellen Tier. Miosis, Enophthalmus und Temperaturunterschiede waren manchmal schwer nachzuweisen. Klinisch ist die Erkennung von HS wichtig für die Lokalisierung von Läsionen; wenn die Anzeichen begleitet sind von Nasenbluten, spricht das füu eine Luftsackmycose.
Fractures of the Proximal Sesamoid Bones in Thoroughbred Foals
Authors: Ellis D. R. 
Published: April 2010

SUMMARYEighteen cases of fractures of the proximal sesamoid bones in Thoroughbred foals are described. Most of the fractures were in foals under 2 months old and all but one occurred in the forelegs. The bones commonly fractured when the foal galloped to exhaustion trying to keep up with its dam in the paddock. The types of fracture varied but a simple fracture of the medial sesamoid was most frequent and the majority were towards the base of the bone. Six foals sustained a fracture of more than one sesamoid bone and one foal fractured all 4 proximal sesamoid bones in its front legs.Treatment included box rest and the surgical removal of the separated piece of sesamoid bone. Only 3 of the foals treated have raced. One of these was treated surgically.RÉSUMÉ18 cas de fractures d'un sésamoïde sont décrits, rencontrés chez le foal de Pur Sang. La plupart des fractures furent constatées sur des animaux de moins de deux mois. Toutes, sauf une se produisirent sur les antérieurs. En général, ces fractures se produisirent lorsque le foal galopait dans le paddock en s'efforsant de suivre sa mére. Les types de fractures varient mais les fractures simples du sésamoïde médian ou interne sont les plus fréquentes et la majorité se produisirent vers la base de l'os. Six foals souffrirent de fractures sur plus d'un sésamoïde et l'un d'eux eut les quatres sésamoïdes fracturés au niveau des antérieurs.Le traitement comporta le repos au box et le retrait chirurgical des fragments. Seulement trois des foals traités ont couru parmi lesquels un fut traité chirurgicalement.ZUSAMMENFASSUNG18 Fàlle von Frakturen der proximalen Gleichbeine bei Vollblutfohlen werden beschrieben. Die meisten dieser Brüche traten bei Fohlen im Alter unter 2 Monaten auf und mit einer Ausnahme in allen Fàllen an den Vordergliedmassen. Die Brüche traten im allgemeinen auf, wenn das Fohlen bis zur Erschöpfung galoppierte, beim Versuch seiner Mutter auf der Weide zu folgen. Die Fraktur‐Typen variierten, aber der einfache Bruch des medialen Gleichbeins wurde am hàufigsten beobachtet, wobei die meisten Brüche an der Basis des Knochens auftraten, Sechs Fohlen litten an einem Bruch von mehreren Sesambeinen und ein Fohlen brach sich alle vier proximalen Gleichbeine der Vordergliedmasse.Die Behandlung bestand in Ruhe und in der chirurgischen Entfernung des abgetrennten Knochenstückes. Nur 3 der Fohlen kamen spàter auf die Rennbahn. Eines davon war chirurgisch behandelt worden.
The Presence of Precipitating Antibodies in the Sera of Horses with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Authors: Lawson G. H. K. , McPherson E. A. , Murphy J. R. , Nicholson J. M. , Wooding P. , Breeze R. G. , Pirie H. M. 
Published: April 2010

SUMMARYThe sera of horses affected and not affected with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were examined for precipitins to Micropolyspora faeni and Aspergillus fumigatus. Precipitins to both antigens were not restricted to COPD cases but occurred more frequently in animals affected with COPD. Many animals without detectable precipitins responded clinically to inhalation challenge with these antigens.RÉSUMÉLes serums de chevaux atteints de la maladie et ceux de chevaux indemnes ont été examinés pour y trouver des précipitines à Micropolyspora faeni et à Aspergillus fumigatus. La pRÉSence de précipitines n'était point limitée à la maladie respiratoire mais fut constatée plus fréquemment chez les chevaux atteints de cette maladie. Beaucoup d'animaux chez lesquels les précipitines n'étaient point détectables réagirent cliniquemment à l'inhalation d'antigènes.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Seren von gesunden Pferden und diejenigen von Pferden mit chronisch obstruktiven Lungenkrankheiten wurden auf das Vorkommen von Praezipitinen gegen Micropolyspora faeni und Aspergillusfumigatus untersucht. Das Auftreten von Praezipitinen gegen beide Antigene erwies sich als nicht beschränkt auf die Fälle von Lungenkrankheiten, aber sie traten doch bei erkrankten Tieren häufiger auf. Viele Pferde ohne nachweisbare Praezipitine reagierten klinisch auf die Inhalation dieser Antigene.