bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of respiratory events using pulse rate in children with and without obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Noehren Anke , Brockmann Pablo E. , Urschitz Michael S. , Sokollik Christiane , Schlaud Martin , Poets Christian F. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractOximetry is a simple but insensitive diagnostic test modality for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children. Sensitivity for OSA may be enhanced if pulse rate is analyzed in conjunction with oxygen saturation. We analyzed 25 ambulatory polysomnographic recordings obtained from children with (n = 5) and without (n = 20) OSA. To assess sensitivity and specificity, pulse rate increases were determined during respiratory (i.e., apneas and hypopneas; n = 965) and non‐respiratory sleep events (i.e., body movements; n = 1,197), and contrasted to baseline fluctuations (n = 209). The absolute pulse rate increase (APRI) was the parameter that differentiated best between baseline fluctuations and sleep events (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC]: 0.88). At a cutoff value of 12 beats per minute, APRI showed a sensitivity and specificity for detecting sleep events of 0.81 each. However, AUC was lower for the differentiation between respiratory and non‐respiratory sleep events (0.77) and between central and obstructive respiratory events (0.68). In OSA cases, influencing factors for APRI following respiratory events were age, occurrence of a body movement, and severity of concomitant oxygen desaturation. We conclude that pulse rate analysis may be used to detect respiratory events in oximetry recordings in children. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2010; 45:459–468. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A comparison of parent‐reported wheezing or shortness of breath among infants as assessed by questionnaire and physician‐interview: The Generation R study
Authors: Mohangoo Ashna D. , de Koning Harry J. , Hafkamp‐de Groen Esther , van der Wouden Johannes C. , Jaddoe Vincent W.V. , Moll Henriette A. , Hofman Albert , Mackenbach Johan P. , de Jongste Johan C. , Raat Hein 
Published: April 2010

AbstractPurposeThe prevalence of asthma symptoms among preschool children is difficult to determine with accuracy because no gold standard is available for diagnosis. The aim of this study was to compare parent‐reported wheezing or shortness of breath among infants as assessed by questionnaire and physician‐interview.MethodsWe studied 1,202 children participating in the Generation R study. Their parents completed a written questionnaire at home when the infant was 12 months old, including items on wheezing or shortness of breath. During the regular free‐of‐charge youth healthcare visit at age 14 months, the physician interviewed the parents to assess the presence of wheezing or shortness of breath.ResultsThe prevalence of wheezing or shortness of breath estimated from questionnaire was significantly higher than from physician‐interview (36% vs. 20%; P < 0.001): observed agreement 73% (kappa 0.36). Only 41% of questionnaire‐reported symptoms were assessed through the physician‐interview, while 73% of physician‐interviewed symptoms were reported in the questionnaire. Compared with infants in the subgroup with agreement on the presence of wheezing or shortness of breath, the infants in the subgroups without agreement significantly less often received anti‐asthma medication and significantly less often had abnormal respiratory sounds or bronchiolitis or croup, and their mothers were significantly less often working. The proportion of infants receiving anti‐asthma medication was higher in interview‐data compared with questionnaire‐data (22.7% vs. 3.9%; P < 0.001).ConclusionsQuestionnaire yielded higher prevalence rates for wheezing or shortness of breath than physician‐interview. Physician‐reported symptoms are associated with a higher proportion of infants receiving anti‐asthma medication. Parent‐reported asthma symptoms should be confirmed by pediatricians whenever possible. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2010; 45:500–507. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The electroweak symmetry breaking riddle
Authors: Altarelli G. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractI present a concise review of the Higgs problem which plays a central role in particle physics today. The Higgs of the minimal Standard Model is so far just a conjecture that needs to be verified or discarded at the LHC. Probably the reality is more complicated. I will summarize the motivation for New Physics that should accompany or even replace the Higgs discovery and a number of its possible forms that could be revealed by the LHC.
Detection of organophosphate and pyrethroid resistance alleles in Czech Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) populations by molecular methods
Authors: Zichová Tereza , Kocourek František , Salava Jaroslav , Nad'ová Kateřina , Stará Jitka 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Pyrethroids and organophosphates are the most frequently used insecticides for Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), control in the Czech Republic. Based on molecular methods, organophosphate and pyrethroid resistance alleles have been detected in samples from three sites. The accuracy of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and bidirectional polymerase chain reaction amplification of specific alleles (Bi‐PASA) for detection of resistance alleles is compared.RESULTS:Leptinotarsa decemlineata from three sites showed higher frequencies of resistance alleles to organophosphates than to pyrethroids. The rates of occurrence of individuals homozygous resistant (RR) to pyrethroids ranged from 20.0 to 22.9%, while the rates of occurrence of individuals RR to organophosphates ranged from 52.9 to 66.7%. The incidences of individuals with resistance alleles to both organophosphates and pyrethroids ranged from 8.6 to 13.6%. No relationship was found between incidence of the pyrethroid resistance allele and site, while incidence of the organophosphate resistance allele differed significantly according to site.CONCLUSION:Both RFLP and Bi‐PASA were suitable for detecting resistance alleles to pyrethroids, and in most cases also for detecting resistance alleles to organophosphates. In contrast to Bi‐PASA, RFLP was also suitable for samples with lower DNA quality when testing for the resistance allele to pyrethroids. On the other hand, RFLP was not as accurate as Bi‐PASA in detection of the organophosphate resistance allele. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Cross‐resistance between azinphos‐methyl and acetamiprid in populations of codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), from Washington State
Authors: Knight Alan L 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), has been intensely managed with the organophosphate insecticide azinphos‐methyl for 50 years, and populations have developed resistance. New management programs have been developed and implemented that rely more heavily on other classes of insecticides. A prerequisite for developing effective resistance management strategies for these compounds is to establish their current levels of effectiveness. Adult and neonate larval assays were conducted to assess the response of field‐collected codling moth populations from apple in Washington State.RESULTS: Male codling moth populations exhibited a range of responses to a discriminating concentration of azinphos‐methyl in a survey of 20 populations. Populations from certified organic orchards were more susceptible than those from conventional orchards. Mean fecundity was inversely related to azinphos‐methyl tolerance. Male responses to azinphos‐methyl and acetamiprid varied significantly among populations and were correlated. The residual effectiveness of field applications of both insecticides varied significantly against neonate larvae. Neonate bioassays with insecticide‐dipped fruit found significant differences among populations with azinphos‐methyl, acetamiprid, methoxyfenozide and spinosad, but not with esfenvalerate.CONCLUSION: These results support a concern that alternation of insecticides with different modes of action may not be a sufficient strategy to avoid the evolution of broad‐spectrum insecticide resistance by codling moth. Published 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characteristics of ZnO thin film transistor prepared by two different methods
Authors: Haga Koichi , Sakuma Mio , Takizawa Yoshihiro , Seki Shigeyuki 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe succeeded the fabrication of bottom gate ZnO‐TFT on thermal oxidized n‐type Si substrate with the high‐resistivity ZnO active layer which was prepared by two different methods. The first preparation methods was LP‐CVD using the fibrous bis(acetylacetonato)‐zinc(II) (Zn(C5H7O2)2) and ozone(O3). The second one was RF(13.56 MHz) sputtering using a ceramic oxide target ZnO with a purity of 99.99% and 2 in. diameter. For all the ZnO films prepared by different methods, the ZnO (0001) peak at 2θ ≈ 34.4° was mainly observed. The films are polycrystalline with a hexagonal structure and a preferred orientation with the c‐axis perpendicular to the substrate.The ZnO‐TFT prepared by LP‐CVD shows electrical properties with a field effect mobility of 6 cm2/V s, an on to off ratio greater than 106, the off current of less than 10‐10A. Zn, O, Si elerment in the interface of ZnO and SiO2gate insulator were analyzed by using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Dependence of electron spin relaxation times on the crystal orientation of CdTe grown on (100)ZnSe/GaAs substrates
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Li Yunpu , Liu Xuejun , Pagliero Daniela , Shen Aidong , Meriles Carlos A. , Tamargo Maria C. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractDepending on the shutter sequence used to initiate CdTe deposition, either (100) or (111) CdTe layers can be reproducibly grown on (100) ZnSe/GaAs substrates. Using a hexagonal surface model for (111) CdTe we propose a mechanism for the crystalline orientation selectivity. We use time‐resolved Kerr rotation to monitor the electron spin dynamics in these films. While the spin lifetime is found to depend on material quality, only (100) films show a clear temperature dependence, a peculiar feature we believe to arise from different residual strains in the layers with the two different orientations. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Mistletoe lectin‐I augments antiproliferative effects of the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone on human malignant melanoma cells
Authors: Freudlsperger Christian , Dahl Anka , Hoffmann Juergen , Reinert Siegmar , Schumacher Udo 
Published: April 2010

AbstractAs malignant melanoma cells are highly resistant to conventional chemotherapy, survival rates after tumor spread remain poor and hence there is an urgent need for new therapeutic options. For both mistletoe lectin‐I (ML‐I) and the thiazolidinediones as synthetic ligands of the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPARγ) an antiproliferative effect on malignant melanoma cells has previously been shown. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate whether the combination of ML‐I and the PPARγ ligand rosiglitazone is more efficacious in the treatment of malignant melanoma cells than either agent alone. Proliferation of three human melanoma cell lines treated with ML‐I, rosiglitazone and the combination of both was measured in a broad concentration range (0.0001–100 μg/mL) using the XTT cell proliferation assay. Combined application tremendously increased the antiproliferative effect on all three melanoma cell lines compared with single agent treatment. In comparison with the single use of rosiglitazone, the combination with ML‐I significantly increased the inhibition of cell growth by 51–79% and in comparison with the single use of ML‐I by 9–32%, respectively. In conclusion, this study shows that the combination of ML‐I with rosiglitazone significantly augments their antiproliferative effect on malignant melanoma cells in comparison with their single agent application, which might be a promising tool for further therapeutic studies. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fatty acid synthase inhibitory activity of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans isolated from Schisandra chinensis
Authors: Na MinKyun , Hung Tran Manh , Oh Won Keun , Min Byung Sun , Lee Seung Ho , Bae KiHwan 
Published: April 2010

AbstractInhibition of fatty acid synthase (FAS) has been proposed to be a new therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer and obesity. In our preliminary screening study on the FAS inhibitory activity, a n‐hexane soluble fraction prepared from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis (Schisandraceae) was found to inhibit FAS activity at 100 μg/mL. Nine dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans were isolated from the active fraction and were evaluated for their inhibitory effect on FAS for the first time. The compounds possessing a benzoyl or tigloyl group in the dibenzocyclooctadiene skeleton entirely inhibited the FAS activity in a dose dependent manner. The findings may be partially related to the anticancer effect of the medicinal plant, suggesting a further study on the anticancer potential of dibenzocyclooctadiene derivatives. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Wound healing effects of noni (Morinda citrifoliaL.) leaves: a mechanism involving its PDGF/A2A receptor ligand binding and promotion of wound closure
Authors: Palu Afa , Su Chen , Zhou Bing‐Nan , West Brett , Jensen Jarakae 
Published: April 2010

AbstractMorinda citrifoliaL. (Rubiaceae) commonly known as noni, has been used in Polynesia by traditional healers for the treatment of cuts, bruises and wounds. Our objective was to investigate the wound‐healing mechanisms of the noni leaf. The investigations of its wound‐healing mechanisms were carried out using fresh noni leaf juice (NLJ), noni leaf ethanol extract (NLEE) and its methanol (MFEE) and hexane (HFEE) fractions on the PDGF and A2Areceptorsin vitroand topically in mice. Fresh noni leaf juice showed significant affinity to PDGF receptors, and displayed 166% binding inhibition of the ligand binding to its receptors, while at the same concentration, it only had 7% inhibition of the ligand binding to the A2Areceptors. NLEE, HFEE and MFEE showed significant affinity to A2Areceptors, concentration dependently, with IC50values of 34.1, 42.9 and 86.7 μg/mL, respectively. However, MFEE significantly increased wound closure and reduced the half closure time in mice with a CT50of 5.4 ± 0.2 days compared with control (p< 0.05). These results suggest that noni leaf significantly accelerated wound healing in mice via its ligand binding to the PDGF and A2Areceptors as its probable mechanisms of wound‐healing and also support its traditional usage for wound‐healing in Polynesia. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pharmacokinetics of valerenic acid after single and multiple doses of valerian in older women
Authors: Anderson Gail D. , Elmer Gary W. , Taibi Diana M. , Vitiello Michael V. , Kantor Eric , Kalhorn Thomas F. , Howald William N. , Barsness Suzanne , Landis Carol A. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractInsomnia is a commonly reported clinical problem with as many as 50% of older adults reporting difficulty in falling and/or remaining asleep. Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) is a commonly used herb that has been advocated for promoting sleep. Valerenic acid is used as a marker for quantitative analysis of valerian products with evidence of pharmacological activity relevant to the hypnotic effects of valerian. The objective of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of valerenic acid in a group of elderly women after receiving a single nightly valerian dose and after 2 weeks of valerian dosing. There was not a statistically significant difference in the average peak concentration (Cmax), time to maximum concentration (Tmax) area under the time curve (AUC), elimination half‐life (T1/2) and oral clearance after a single dose compared with multiple dosing. There was considerable inter‐ and intra‐subject variability in the pharmacokinetic parameters. Cmax and AUC deceased and T1/2 increased with increased body weight. The variability between the capsules was extremely low: 2.2%, 1.4% and 1.4%, for hydroxyvalerenic acid, acetoxyvalerenic acid and valerenic acid, respectively. In conclusion, large variability in the pharmacokinetics of valerenic acid may contribute to the inconsistencies in the effect of valerian as a sleep aid. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The impact of mesoscale convective systems on the surface and boundary‐layer structure in West Africa: Case‐studies from the AMMA campaign 2006
Authors: Schwendike Juliane , Kalthoff Norbert , Kohler Martin 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWithin the framework of the AMMA project, atmospheric, surface and soil observations were performed during the pre‐onset phase of the monsoon (Special Observing Period SOP 1) and during the summer monsoon (SOP 2) in 2006. Based on several case‐studies the paper investigates the impact of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) on the surface and boundary layer (PBL), the recovery time of the surface and the PBL after MCS passages, and the differences between the two monsoon phases.In the pre‐MCS environment the mean conditional and convective instabilities were higher in SOP 1 than in SOP 2 (e.g. CAPE = 1815 J kg−1 and CAPE = 1295 J kg−1, respectively). In both monsoon phases these instabilities, which were strongly reduced by MCSs, recovered within less than 2 days. Precipitation of the MCSs and the resulting soil moisture increase caused a significant decrease in the surface temperature by up to 10 K and an increase in evapotranspiration by up to 2.5 mm d−1. In both phases of the monsoon, these surface anomalies and, hence, the conditions favourable for triggering MCSs by thermally induced circulation systems, diminished largely within 2 to 3 days. Due to the repeated passage of the first MCSs at intervals of a few days during SOP 1, the surface properties exhibited trends towards higher soil moisture, evapotranspiration and humidity, and lower albedo, temperature and Bowen ratio. After two weeks only, the mean conditions present in the summer monsoon were reached. In SOP 2 no significant trends could be detected. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
On random sampling in uniform hypergraphs
Authors: Czygrinow Andrzej , Nagle Brendan 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA k‐graph
\documentclass{article} \usepackage{amsmath,amsfonts,mathrsfs,amssymb}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document} ${\mathcal{G}}^{(k)}$ \end{document}
on vertex set [n] = {1,…,n} is said to be (ρ,ζ)‐uniform if every S ⊆ [n] of size s = |S| > ζn spans (ρ ± ζ)\documentclass{article} \usepackage{amsmath,amsfonts,mathrsfs,amssymb}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document} $\binom{s}{k}$ \end{document}
edges. A ‘grabbing lemma’ of Mubayi and Rödl shows that this property is typically inherited locally: if \documentclass{article} \usepackage{amsmath,amsfonts,mathrsfs,amssymb}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document} ${\mathcal{G}}^{(k)}$ \end{document}
is (ρ,ζ)‐uniform, then all but exp{−s1/k/20}\documentclass{article} \usepackage{amsmath,amsfonts,mathrsfs,amssymb}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document} $\binom{n}{s}$ \end{document}
sets \documentclass{article} \usepackage{amsmath,amsfonts,mathrsfs,amssymb}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document} $ S \in \binom{[n]}{s}$ \end{document}
span (ρ,ζ′)‐uniform subhypergraphs \documentclass{article} \usepackage{amsmath,amsfonts,mathrsfs,amssymb}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document} ${\mathcal{G}}^{(k)}\lbrack S\rbrack$ \end{document}, where ζ′→ 0 as ζ → 0, s ≥ s0(ζ′) and n is sufficiently large. In this article, we establish a grabbing lemma for a different concept of hypergraph uniformity, and infer the result above as a corollary. In particular, we improve, in the context above, the error exp{−s1/k/20} to exp{−cs}, for a constant c = c(k,ζ′) > 0. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 38, 422–440, 2011
VAMAS interlaboratory study on organic depth profiling. Part I: Preliminary report
Authors: Shard A. G. , Foster R. , Gilmore I. S. , Lee J. L. S. , Ray S. , Yang L. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe present preliminary results of a VAMAS interlaboratory study on organic depth profiling, TWA2, sub‐project A3 (d). A layered organic system was used to assess the repeatability and comparability of organic depth profiling. Nineteen respondents have provided sufficient data to demonstrate that the coefficients of variation for depth resolution, sputtering yield and relative secondary ion intensities are typically 5–10%. This can be as good as 2–3% with modern instruments, when using a stable sputtering ion current and careful procedures, which approaches the limits set by the samples themselves. The respondents have also demonstrated three methods to improve the quality of depth profiling for this system, namely, sample rotation, cooling to at least − 80 °C and grazing incidence angles for the sputtering ion. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Composition of plasma‐sprayed tungsten coatings on CuCrZr alloy
Authors: Kaciulis S. , Mezzi A. , Montanari R. , Ucciardello N. , Volterri R. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractMock‐ups for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER) were manufactured by depositing W coatings on tubular substrates of CuCrZr alloy via plasma spraying. An appropriate interlayer (of Ni, Al and Si) was optimised to increase the adhesion of W on the Cu alloy and to provide a soft interface with intermediate thermal expansion coefficient for better thermo‐mechanical compatibility.The distribution of chemical elements in the layered interface and in the coating was investigated by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), XPS and AES in the as‐prepared material and after heat treatment of 24 h at 823 K. Moreover, the external W layer was examined by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry(ICP‐ES).The results showed that the as‐prepared material does not exhibit macro‐porosity. The layers forming the interface do not exhibit any long‐range diffusion of the chemical species from layer to layer during the deposition process. The heat treatment does not seem to cause long‐range migration of Al and Ni into the W coating.The presence of Ni (0.4 wt%) in the as‐deposited external W layer as shown by ICP‐ES is only due to the low purity (commercial grade) of W powders used in spraying operations. It can be eliminated by using W powders of higher purity in the deposition process. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular events involved in ochratoxin A induced mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, modulation by Bcl‐2 family members
Authors: Bouaziz Chayma , Sharaf el dein Ossama , Martel Cécile , Golli Emna El , Abid‐Essefi Salwa , Brenner Catherine , Lemaire Christophe , Bacha Hassen 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIn this study, we looked for the role of the mitochondrion in the cytotoxicity of ochratoxin A (OTA), which is one of the most abundant food‐contaminating mycotoxins in the world. In different human carcinoma cell lines, OTA triggered a mitochondria‐dependent apoptotic process, which is characterized by opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTPC), loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm), increase in O2[chemp]– production, mitochondrial relocalization of Bax, release of cytochrome c, and caspase activation. However, studies performed on purified organelles suggested that OTA does not directly target the mitochondrion. In addition, we showed that mitochondrial alterations induced by this mycotoxin are favored by the proapoptotic protein Bax, but not Bak. These alterations are prevented by the antiapoptotic proteins, Bcl‐2 and to a lesser degree by Bcl‐XL. Taken together, these data indicate that although mitochondria, PTPC members and proteins of Bcl‐2 family play a pivotal role in OTA‐induced apoptosis, they do not constitute real targets to overcome its toxicity. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2011.