bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formulation and Evaluation of Immediate-Release Oral Tablets Containing Magnesium Aluminum Silicate-Loaded Simvastatin
Authors: Al-Shammary Sarah Rahman , Al-Khedairy Eman Beker Hazim 
Published: May 2024

Background: Simvastatin (SIM) is a lipid-lowering agent to prevent disorders caused by clogged blood vessels. Because of its low solubility, it has low bioavailability. The adsorption technique is effective in improving drug solubility and dissolution rate. Objective: To use magnesium aluminum silicate (MAS) as an adsorbent in combination with Soluplus® as a hydrophilic polymer to formulate SIM as immediate-release tablets (IRTs). Methods: We used the solvent evaporation method to make MAS-loaded SIM in the presence of Soluplus®, making sure that the ratio of SIM to MAS to SOLU was 1:6:3. We then used this mixture to make IRTs. Using the direct compression method, we made all of the SIM-IRT formulas. We used diluents like Avicel®PH102, Avicel®PH101, and starch, as well as super disintegrants like Crospovidone (CP), Croscarmellose sodium (CCS), and sodium starch glycolate (SSG). We evaluated these formulas for their weight variation, hardness, friability, disintegration time, drug content, and dissolution profile. Results: We prepared the tablet formula (T5) using MAS-loaded SIM, Avicel®PH102 as a diluent, and CCS 3% as a super disintegrant. This formula showed the shortest disintegration time (0.61 min) and best drug release in phosphate buffer pH 7.0, releasing more than 80% of the drug within 30 minutes. Conclusion: Using suitable excipients, adsorption was an efficient method to enhance the solubility of SIM for preparation as IRTs.
MACROBIOGENIC ELEMENTS IN PACKAGED AND GROUNDWATER WATERS FROM VARIOUS SLOVAK AND FOREIGN REGIONS
Authors: Trebichalský Pavol , Kozelová Dagmar , Pietriková Miriam , Ludrovanová Silvia , Lidiková Judita , Harangozo Ľuboš 
Published: May 2024

In the work, the contents of macrobiogenic elements (Na, K, Ca, Mg) in 20 randomly selected samples of bottled water sold in commercial networks in the Slovak Republic were investigated, and these values ​​were compared with our analyses of the same macroelements in 8 groundwater samples. The aim of the work was, except of determining the contents of the elements in the waters, also finding the existence of a mutual correlation between their contents and indirectly analysing of the geochemical composition of the rocks that are in contact with these waters. Bottled water samples obtained from retail chains originated from the Slovak Republic and also from abroad: from the Czech Republic, Austria, France and Hungary - all these monitored regions belong to the Alpine-Himalayan system from a geomorphological point of view. The highest contents of calcium and magnesium were assessed in bottled waters Gemerka (Banská Bystrica region), Salvator and Baldovská (Prešov region). High content values of sodium were determined in bottled waters Budiš and Fatra (Žilina region) and high contents of potassium in bottled waters Budiš (Žilina region) and Salvator (Prešov region). In contrary, the lowest contents of calcium and magnesium were determined in bottled waters Oravská (Žilina region) and in bottled water Aro from Czech republic. In bottled waters Zlatá studňa Jasenovo, Rajec (Žilina region), Lucka (Trnava region), Mitická and Tesco (Trenčín region) and Evian from France the low contents of sodium and potassium were determined.The analyses of 8 samples taken from subsurface water, where 4 samples were from Nitra town and its district, another 3 samples were taken from the vicinity of Vrbovce municipality and one sample from the border area with Czech republic showed following composition of all selected elements: the contents of calcium were in range 102.40 ‒ 193.7 mg/L, the contents of magnesium were in range 10.10 ‒ 46.30 mg/L, the contents of sodium were in range 4.10 ‒ 37.50 mg/L and the contents of potassium 0.50 ‒ 18.10 mg/L . In the samples of bottled waters found in stores the data for descriptive characterization were processed with the parametres of functions quantifying the mutual correlation. Strong correlation dependance between the calcium and magnesium contents that could be described by linear linear and square function was identified in analysed waters. The presence of mid strong existency correlation defined by square and non-linear function was evaluated by contents of calcium and sodium in mentioned waters by mathematical program.
MICROWAVE AIDED SYNTHESIS OF ZINC OXIDE NANOCERAMICS: A POTENT BIOACTIVE AGENTS WITH THERAPEUTIC CHARACTERS
Authors: Patil H.B Vasanth , Mallikarjunaswamy C , Kumar Guru  D 
Published: May 2024

Nanoparticles have been inexhaustibly utilized in Nanochemistry cohere with Bio-Technology to upgrade the immobilization and movement of catalysts in pharmaceutical nanoengineering for conveyance of helpful specialists in incessant illness diagnostics and in sensors.Herein communication we report microwave irradiation technique implemented for the preparation of novel Zinc oxide nanoparticles with beneficial bio-efficacy wherein the method employed has the advantages of producing small particle size metal oxide with high purity owing to short reaction time. We successfully synthesized and characterized two Zinc oxide based Cs2 doped ZnO2 and Li2 doped ZnO2 nanoparticles and were subjected to in vitro free radical scavenging assay wherein all the particles could scavenge DPPH and Nitric oxide radicals with less IC50 value over the positive control. Microbicidal properties of nanoparticles were proved by its effectiveness against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria tested besides its action against Candida albicans. Both nanoparticles synthesized showed a prominent inhibition of erythrocyte lysis by PhospholipaseA2 in a concentration dependent manner indicating better anti-inflammatory agent with possibility of preventing cancer. In this study we demonstrate by shell less CAM assay that synthesized nanoparticles could inhibit in vivo angiogenesis which would otherwise under abnormal conditions causes the acceleration of several inflammatory diseases in spite of its role in normal growth and wound healing process. Inhibition of such process is the promising methodology to hinder the progression of diseases. Present characteristic features make use of ZnO2 based doped nanoparticles to be a possible approach as a therapeutic molecule with favourable biological performance.
Optimización de la técnica interpretativa a partir del aprendizaje basado en el pensamiento en estudiantes del Conservatorio Superior José María Rodríguez, Ecuador
Authors: Calle González Lourdes Patricia , Rodríguez Sinchi Esperanza del Pilar , Hernández Sarmiento Carlos Felipe , Cordero Ochoa Ismael Santiago 
Published: May 2024

La ejecución de un instrumento musical es un aspecto crítico en la formación musical y requiere un estudio sistemático de la técnica instrumental y sobre todo la práctica constante. El propósito del presente trabajo es evidenciar la mejora técnica instrumental musical con la aplicación de una propuesta pedagógica basada en el pensamiento aplicada al estudio del instrumento de manera autónoma, por medio de la retroalimentación y la autorreflexión del estudiante. La sistematización se llevó a cabo mediante la recopilación de datos a través de encuestas y entrevistas después de aplicar el modelo de aprendizaje basado en el pensamiento. Mediante la aplicación de esta propuesta pedagógica, se obtuvo la participación activa de los estudiantes en sus procesos de formación y el uso del razonamiento lógico al momento de realizar sus prácticas autónomas. Se concluye que al usar esta metodología se pueden optimizar los procesos cognitivos y mejorar la motivación frente a hábitos de estudio. Al comprender de manera lógica los procesos técnicos, el estudiante puede emplearlos de manera más efectiva al momento de interpretar una obra. Se sugiere el uso de esta experiencia metodológica a todos los docentes de las áreas de ejecución instrumental realizando retroalimentaciones constantes en el desarrollo de una sesión pedagógica.
Educación y procesos de aprendizaje en contextos educativos diversos
Authors: Salleg Cabarcas Mariano J. 
Published: May 2024

La educación es entendida como un proceso trasformador de las sociedades en su devenir histórico, en este sentido trasciende como una alternativa plausible que permite resolver problemáticas en escenarios escolares diversos, como es el caso de las escuelas en el mundo donde del 3 y el 7% de esta población padecen del trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) (Benaros et al,. 2016). En este escenario para atender la problemática de esta población y a sus familias en el entorno escolar se abordado desde diversos enfoques de intervención farmacológico, psicológico, multimodal, psicoeducativo entre otros, todos con algunos avances y ciertas limitaciones, Sin embargo, el escenario de intervención escolar se ha quedado limitado por la falta de profesionales con formación para abordar y acompañar a estos niños y a sus familias desde su etiología. Por tal razón el presente manuscrito plantea una reflexión desde las aportaciones y saberes de diferentes disciplinas a la educación, basados en la perspectiva de la enseñanza, seguidamente de áreas como la neurociencia cognitiva y su importancia en el aprendizaje en contextos educativos. Por último, una reflexión donde se analiza la enseñanza básica tradicional con la enseñanza en el aula de niños con necesidades educativas especiales (TDAH), en la cual se alude, si esta misma didáctica se aplica a todos los escolares o busca explicar, comprender y transformar las condiciones del aula, mediante el conocimiento de lo que allí sucede y de las relaciones curriculares (Tamayo, 2019).
Fertilizer Reduction Techniques on Growth and Yield of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var capitata L.)
Authors: N Gurumurthy , Ganiger Vasant M. , Hanamasagar Yamuna , Alloli T. B. , G Bhuvaneshwari , Gopali J.B 
Published: May 2024

An investigation was carried out to find out the effect of reduction in RDF through foliar application of water-soluble fertilizers on the growth and yield of cabbage. The result showed that the growth and yield parameters significantly varied with a reduction in RDF through foliar application of water-soluble fertilizers at different concentrations. The maximum plant height (15.83 cm), number of loose leaves (15.85), leaf length of outer leaf (22.46 cm), leaf breadth of the outer leaf (22.48 cm), leaf area (504.90 cm2), and weight of loose leaves per plant (549.98 g) and yield parameters like maximum weight of head (0.96 kg), fresh weight of five heads (4.80 kg), head diameter (15.78 cm), yield per plot (33.54 kg ), total yield (54.09 tha-1) and highest marketable yield (53.26 tha-1) were recorded superior in the treatment T9 (66 % RDF + 2.5 % F A) in all growth and yield parameters with foliar sprays of water-soluble formulation NPK 19:19:19 sprayed at 3 times compared to check treatment T13 (100 RDF% alone) and all these parameters are minimum in T1 (33 % RDF + 2.5% FA).
Pelatihan Peningkatan Literasi Media Sosial Untuk Menanggulangi Dampak Negatif Internet pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan
Authors: Yuliana Margaretha Evi , Erlinawati Mira 
Published: May 2024

Pelatihan peningkatan literasi media sosial untuk menanggulangi dampak negatif internet pada siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan mempunyai tujuan memberikan cara atau melatih siswa dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang literasi, mempertajam diri dalam memperoleh informasi di media sosial, meningkatkan kemampuan menyimpulkan makna dari suatu informasi guna mencegah dampak negatif yang muncul dari internet. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dari tim dosen Universitas Duta Bangsa Surakarta bermitra dengan SMK Negeri 6 Surakarta. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat menggunakan metode pengenalan, pelatihan, diskusi, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan pelatihan efektif dalam meningkatkan motivasi pengetahuan siswa dalam memanfaatkan media sosial di internet.
Blood Pressure: The History and Development of Monitoring Modalities
Authors: Cihelka Desiree 
Published: May 2024

Background
Blood pressure (BP) is one of the most frequently measured and monitored physiologic vital signs by all stroke clinicians, yet data suggest that only 1 out of 5 clinicians applies evidence-based methods for BP monitoring.
Methods
An exhaustive review of the literature was conducted and assembled to provide a historical clinical account of BP monitoring modalities and related evidence-based clinical methods.
Results
Evidence-based clinical methods are described for use of manual sphygmomanometry, noninvasive oscillometric automatic BP (NIBP) monitors, and arterial lines. Implications for practice are discussed in relation to provision of acute and critical care of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients.
Conclusion
Use of evidence-based BP monitoring methods ensures accurate management of highly vulnerable stroke patients. Knowledge of the history of BP monitoring, along with the benefits and limitations of different measurement methods enables accuracy in BP treatment, benefitting stroke patient outcomes.
Board Diversity and Governance Outcomes of State Corporations in Kenya
Authors: Nzulwa Joyce Daudi , Omondi Mary Nzasu Musyoka 
Published: May 2024

Boards play a critical leadership role in good governance of Kenya’s state corporations, which exit by law to deliver effectual services to the citizenry. The sector has since independence undergone various reforms aimed at continuous improvement, mitigating inherent challenges and to deliver efficient service. In 2015, the Government of Kenya upscaled its governance architecture by sanctioning a governance code. Despite this endeavour, the state corporation’s ecosystem has recorded unimpressive outcomes on the corporate governance front. This study sought to establish the relationship between board diversity and governance outcomes of state corporations in Kenya. A descriptive survey design was used on a target population of 138 state corporations and a simple random sampling technique used to draw a 20% study sample, amounting to 28 state corporations. The study collected primary data using a structured questionnaire. A drop and pick method were used to administer the questionnaire to three respondents from each sampled state corporation upon consideration and application of accruing research protocols. The data collection instrument was pretested prior to the actual data collection to check reliability and validity upon which the emergent issues were corrected and instrumentation enhanced. The collected data was analysed using simple regression analysis vide SPSS version 21. The findings have been presented using tables. The study established a significant positive relationship between board diversity and inclusion and governance outcomes of state corporations in Kenya and concluded that board diversity and inclusion is a key driver of corporate governance outcomes. The study recommended that firms should mainstream diversity and inclusion in order to drive sustainable advantage in boards as a tool to effective leadership and governance. Future studies may be undertaken in the private sector for contextual comparability
The use of phototherapy with different wavelengths in the treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia
Authors: Da Silva Leandro Ferreira , Baptista Alessandra 
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Phototherapy has been identified as a safe, non-invasive, and promising resource for the treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia (AGA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of phototherapy on the treatment of AGA using two different wavelengths: red and blue. Both red and blue light, under the parameters tested in this study, allowed an increase in hair density, a reduction in the central parting, and promoted an increase in the number of terminal hairs after the treatments, as well as a reduction in vellus hairs.
Methodology: Ten volunteers were selected (GLV n=5) and (GLA N=5), all diagnosed with AGA and approved by the ethics committee with opinion number 5,761,579. Interventions were carried out using Vênus equipment (MMOptics, São Carlos, Brazil) with Group GLV λ=660nm, 4J and Group GLA λ=440 nm, 4J. The interventions were performed once a week, for 90 days, totaling 12 treatment sessions. Hair progression was assessed by photographic record and the ratio of vellus to terminal hairs was performed by digital trichoscopy imaging (Dino Lite; New Taipei City, Taiwan, China).
Results and Conclusion: Both red and blue light, under the parameters tested in this study, allowed an increase in hair density, a reduction in the central parting, and promoted an increase in the number of terminal hairs after the treatments, as well as a reduction in vellus hairs.
ASSOCIATION OF SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION WITH ACADEMIC PROCRASTINATION, PERFORMANCE AND INSOMNIA AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors: Kaleem Musaddiq , Kamran Javeria , Ashraf Asma , Ilyas Muhammad , Abbas Kiran , Dars Jawed Akbar 
Published: May 2024

Objectives:
Social Networking Site Addiction [SNSA] has been overwhelmingly increasing in the past few years, with obvious adverse effects on its users. This addiction has created a strong tendency in academic students to procrastinate, lose sleep and also has affected their academic performance.
Design:
A cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the association of social media addiction with academic procrastination, performance, and insomnia.
Place and duration of study:
The study was conducted at department of psychiatry Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Center (JPMC) from 12th July, 2021 till 24th December, 2021.
Patients and Methods:
This study was open to undergraduate students and those who had recently commenced their internship at JPMC. Any student who was absent from their assigned ward or did not provide consent was excluded from the study. Data was collected using a questionnaire that consisted of three pre-formed scales for social media addiction, academic procrastination, and insomnia. In addition, demographic information such as age, gender, and year of study was also gathered.
Results:
Our study involved 231 participants and found that higher levels of procrastination, especially in males, were significantly correlated with decreased sleep quality (p<0.0001). We used the Chi-Square test and Independent Samples t-test to determine this relationship. However, we did not find a significant correlation between SNSA and the academic performance of medical students.
Conclusion:
This study underlines that medical students with high levels of social media addiction may have an increased risk for negative outcomes of academic procrastination and insomnia.
HELP SEEKING ATTITUDES FOR MENTAL ILLNESSES AMONG UNDER-GRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS IN LAHORE
Authors: Amin Hafsa , Wazeer Mahnoor , Imran Nazish , Rashid Amna , Kiran Roop , Haider Imran Ijaz 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
The reluctance of medical students to seek help for stress is attributed to a lot of factors involving stigma, their help-seeking attitudes and psychological openness. The objective of this study is to gauge help seeking attitudes for stress and mental health issues among Pakistani medical students.
Design:
Two questionnaires were used to form a self-administered questionnaire, including Hopkins Symptom Checklist (SCL-5) and Inventory of Attitudes towards Seeking Mental Health Services (IASMHS).
Place & duration of study:
Students from King Edward Medical University, Lahore and Fatima Memorial Hospital were administered the questionnaire in physical form as well as an online version. Responses were gathered over a time of 3 months.
Methods:
We conducted a cross-sectional survey in two selected medical colleges in Lahore in 2022. After IRB approval and informed consent, a self-administered questionnaire which included Hopkins Symptom Checklist (SCL-5) and Inventory of Attitudes towards Seeking Mental Health Services (IASMHS) was utilized for data collection. Analysis was conducted with SPSS 26.
Results:
Six hundred and forty-one undergraduate medical students participated in the study with majority being female (64.2%) and hostellers (59%). SCL- 5 scores of the participants (mean=13.36, S. D=4.95) showed moderate levels of distress among students. Participants’ mean Attitude Score on IASMHS was 53.66 (S. D=10.72). Attitudes towards help seeking were fairly negative especially with regard to feeling indifferent towards stigma (mean=18.95, S.D=5.69). Student’s attitudes reflected some psychological openness (mean=14.48, S.D=5.35), while propensity to seek help was slightly better (mean=20.23, S.D = 4.75). Females and clinical year students showed more positive attitudes towards help seeking as compared to males and students belonging to pre-clinical years (P<0.05).
Conclusion:
The study showed that stress among under-graduate medical students remains a significant issue. While female students and clinical years’ students portrayed better help seeking attitudes towards mental illnesses and stress, further studies including interventions to address mental illness stigma are required to improve the trend.
Performance Evaluation of Poultry Mixer
Authors: Husein Jabiru , Issahaku Gazali , Yussif Bashiru 
Published: May 2024

The challenges facing the local poultry farmers in Ghana is alarming. Only a few farmers have access to poultry feed mixer. The government is interested in poultry industry as viable venture for self-employment. The mixer was evaluated by using five feed ingredients; maize, wheat bran, soya meal, oyster shell, and concentrate. The measurement comparison of feed rate, time, speed, moisture content, morphology, feed losses percentage, and mixer efficiency were performed on the mixer-machine. The mixer was characterized and analyzed using a feed component of three different measures of 4.5kg, 9.0kg, and 14.5kg with their respective time of 3 minutes, 6 minutes and 9 minutes respectively. Linear regression analysis was carried out on the test results collated during the evaluation of the mixer and the analysis contributed to the determination of the effectiveness and efficiency of the machine with different feed rates and times. The percentage loss, moisture content, production rate and machine efficiency were 7.95%, 15%, 90%, and 92.07% respectfully. The results indicated that variation in percentage loss among samples tested ranges from 5.56% to 9.33% with an average percentage of 7.95%. The results further revealed that the mixing capability of the proposed machine is effective, efficient and cheaper as compared to the existing machines used by small scale farmers. It is therefore recommended that poultry farmers should be encouraged to use the proposed mixing machine.