bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinct biological property of tau in tau‐first cognitive proteinopathy: Evidence by longitudinal clinical neuroimaging profiles and compared with late‐onset Alzheimer disease
Authors: Chang Hsin‐I. , Huang Chi‐Wei , Huang Shu‐Hua , Hsu Shih‐Wei , Lin Kun‐Ju , Ho Tsung‐Ying , Wu Hsiu‐Chuan , Chang Chiung‐Chih 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundTau‐first cognitive proteinopathy (TCP) denotes a clinical phenotype of Alzheimer disease (AD) showing Florzolotau(18F) positron emission tomography (PET) positivity but a negative amyloid status.AimWe explored the biological property of tau using longitudinal cognitive and neuroimaging data in TCP and compared with late‐onset AD (LOAD).MethodWe enrolled 56 patients with LOAD, 34 patients with TCP, and 26 cognitive unimpaired controls. All of the participants had historical data of 2 to 4 three‐dimensional T1 images and 2 to 6 annual cognitive evaluations over a follow‐up period of 7 years. Tau topography was measured using Florzolotau(18F) PET. In the LOAD and TCP groups, we constructed tau or gray matter clusters covarying with the cognitive measurements. We used mediator analysis to explore the regional tau load as predictor, gray matter partitions as mediators, and significant cognitive test scores as outcomes. Longitudinal cognitive decline and cortical thickness degeneration pattern were analyzed using a linear mixed‐effects model.ResultsThe TCP group had longitudinal declines in nonexecutive domains. The deterministic factor predicting the short‐term memory score in TCP was the hippocampal volume and not directly via the medial and lateral temporal tau load. These features formed the conceptual differences with LOAD.DiscussionThe biological properties of tau and the longitudinal cognitive‐imaging trajectory support the conceptual distinction between TCP and LOAD. TCP represents one specific entity featuring salient short‐term memory impairment, declines in nonexecutive domains, a slower gray matter degenerative pattern, and a restricted impact of tau.
Lesser transgressions and loss of standing to blame
Authors: Lippert‐Rasmussen Kasper 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the Standard View, a blamee can dismiss another's blaming of her as hypocritical and thus standingless if, and only if, the blamer's violations of the norm he is invoking are as bad as the blamee's. I defend a counterexample to this view showing that blame can be hypocritical and thus standingless when, simultaneously with blaming, the blamer willingly violates, in a minor way, the norm he is invoking. If correct, this has important implications for accounts of what makes hypocritical blame standingless. Hypocritical blame of the sort involved in my counterexample cannot be accommodated by the moral equality account of standing to blame. Nor can existing commitment accounts accommodate it without revising the way we think about standing‐relevant commitment. Hence, this article points to a need for both revising the common view of when blame can be dismissed as hypocritical and rethinking the two standard accounts of that in virtue of which we have or lack standing to blame. Specifically, it points to an interesting way in which standing to blame appears to be time‐relative.
Does fiscal expenditure matter for agricultural development? Examining the impact of technological progress on food production
Authors: Chandio Abbas Ali , Akram Waqar , Usman Muhammad , Nasereldin Yasir A. , Ozturk Ilhan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRice is a staple food for vast population of China and it remarkably contributes toward China's food security. Several fiscal programs have been implemented by Chinese central government for sustainable agriculture production. In this study, we examine the long‐run influence of agricultural public investment (API) and (agro)chemical inputs use (i.e., fertilizer and pesticide) on rice yield in main rice‐producing provinces of China. Second‐generation panel unit root tests, Westerlund error correction model cointegration test, Augmented‐Mean Group (AMG) and Common Correlated Effect Mean Group (CCEMG) estimation techniques have been used in this article. The co‐integration test results reveal strong evidence of the existence of the long‐run co‐integrating link between the considered series. The results of the AMG and CCEMG methods show that (i) API, (ii) fertilizer use, and (iii) power consumption for agricultural machinery positively and significantly impact rice productivity, whereas pesticide usage affects it negatively. Panel quantile regression showed that API, fertilizer use, power consumption, and sown area are significant and positive at 0.10–0.90 quantiles. The results also indicate that pesticide usage increases rice production at 0.10–0.30 quantiles but decreases rice production at 0.40–0.90 quantile levels. Based on these findings, we derive pertinent implications for China's food security.
Exploring the association of self‐rated oral health with self‐rated general and mental health among older adults in a resource‐poor context: Insights for advancing Sustainable Development Goal 3
Authors: Amoak Daniel , Antabe Roger , Braimah Joseph Asumah , Agyemang‐Duah Williams , Sano Yujiro , Luginaah Isaac 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionOlder adults in Ghana have been disproportionately affected by oral health issues such as caries and periodontitis. This situation calls for comprehensive attention within health and healthcare policies, due to the established connections between oral health and other aspects of health and well‐being in high‐income countries, including physical and mental health. However, there is a significant gap in the literature when it comes to exploring the association of oral health with physical and mental health in resource‐constrained settings like Ghana.MethodsTo address this void, we collected a cross‐sectional sample comprising older adults aged 60 and above (n = 1073) and analyzed self‐rated health measures to investigate the relationship between oral health and general and mental health in Ghana.ResultsThe results of our logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association: older adults who reported poor oral health were more likely to rate their general (OR = 5.10; p < .001) and mental health (OR = 4.78, p < .001) as poor, compared to those with good oral health, even after accounting for demographic and socioeconomic variables.ConclusionsBased on these findings, we discuss the policy implications of our findings, especially in the context of advancing Sustainable Development Goal 3 in Ghana and other resource‐constrained settings.
Is shyness related to depression and suicide risk?
Authors: Nudelman Gabriel , Carmeli Hadas S. , Hamdan Sami 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionSuicidal behavior is an important health issue, representing a leading cause of mortality, particularly among young adults. Depression was found to be predictive of suicide risk and predicted by shyness. Consequently, we tested a model wherein shyness leads to depression, which in turn leads to suicide risk. Moreover, we expected gender to moderate the effect of shyness on depression and suicide risk.MethodsA convenience sample of 478 first‐year college students (51% women, Age: M = 25.42, SD = 3.61) completed online self‐report questionnaires assessing suicide risk, depression, shyness, and demographic variables.ResultsAs expected, shyness was significantly correlated with depression (r = 0.40) and suicide risk (r = 0.24), and depression and suicide risk were also correlated with each other (r = 0.57). Depression statistically mediated the relationship between shyness and suicide risk (indirect effect for women = 0.92, SE = 0.16; for men = 0.72, SE = 0.17). Gender did not moderate the mediation effect. However, a direct link between shyness and suicide risk was found only among men (direct effect = 0.52, SE = 0.21).ConclusionsThe results suggest that shyness may be a significant factor in the development of depression and suicide risk, potentially serving as a valuable marker for identifying at‐risk individuals. Moreover, clinicians should be aware of these associations, particularly among men, in order to maintain and support mental health as well as reduce suicidality.
Loneliness and Coping Styles Among Athletes With Disabilities During the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Urbański Piotr Kazimierz , Tasiemski Tomasz , Schroeder Kingsley , Lewandowska Magdalena , Bojkowski Łukasz 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThe study aimed to assess loneliness experiences among athletes with disabilities (AWD) during the different phases of the pandemic and to understand its relationship with coping styles. Ninety‐one AWD participated in a longitudinal study spanning 10 months, covering three time points: April (A), June (Time B), and November (Time C) 2021. The study used the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations and the revised University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale–Revised (UCLA‐R) to measure coping mechanisms and feelings of loneliness, respectively. Loneliness levels peaked during the most intense phase of the pandemic, showing significant differences between consecutive time points (χ2 = 20.29, p < 0.001, d = 0.24). The most robust regression models were built in Time B, using the “intimate contacts” dimension of loneliness as the dependent variable and “emotion‐oriented coping”, “avoidance‐oriented coping”, and “impairment” as independent variables, explaining 44% of the variance (p < 0.001). Loneliness among Paralympic athletes fluctuated during various phases of the pandemic. The findings highlight the significant influence of coping styles, particularly emotional styles which heightened perceived loneliness, and task‐oriented styles which reduced it, on athletes' experiences of loneliness. These results underscore the need for longitudinal studies to delve deeper into the relationship between loneliness and mental health. Moreover, they stress the importance of developing tailored interventions that promote effective coping mechanisms in AWD during challenging times amid to COIVID‐19.
Draft genome sequences of 148
Klebsiella pneumoniae
species complex members from bovine and human hosts
Authors: O’Brien Bridget , Yushchenko Alla , Suh Jinha , Jung Dongyun , Cai Zhangbin , Nguyen Ngoc Sang , Semret Makeda , Dufour Simon , Ronholm Jennifer 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Klebsiella pneumoniae
species complex members, particularly
K. pnemoniae sensu stricto
, are common bovine clinical mastitis pathogens and often the cause of hospital- and community-acquired infections in humans. Here, we present 148 draft genome assemblies and annotations of
K. pneumoniae
species complex members from bovine and human hosts in Canada.
Complete genome sequence of
Listeria seeligeri
strain 43-1 isolated from a Danish forest freshwater swamp
Authors: Tang Taya , Leisner Jørgen J. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the genome sequence of
Listeria seeligeri
43-1 isolated from a Danish freshwater swamp using Oxford Nanopore sequencing. The isolate shared a high genomic similarity to two other
L. seeligeri
isolates from soil and water.
Draft genome sequence of
Methanobrevibacter smithii
strain B181, isolated from a fecal sample
Authors: Plugge Caroline M. , Berkhout Maryse D. , Galani Anastasia , Wang Taojun , Belzer Clara 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

A mesophilic methanogen,
Methanobrevibacter smithii
B181 (DSM 11975) was previously isolated from a human fecal sample, grown on carbon dioxide and hydrogen, and subsequently sequenced. The reconstructed 1.9-Mb genome sequence of
Methanobrevibacter smithii
B181 contributes to our understanding of hydrogenotrophic, CO
2
-reducing methanogenesis in the human gut.
Complete genome sequence of
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
ST36 strain MAVP-26, a clinical isolate from an oyster-borne human gastric infection
Authors: Foxall Randi L. , Xu Feng , Sebra Robert P. , Cooper Vaughn S. , Jones Stephen H. , Whistler Cheryl A. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

A Pacific native lineage of
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
ST36 serotype O4:K12 was introduced into the Atlantic, which increased local source illnesses. To identify genetic determinants of virulence and ecological resiliency and track their transfer into endemic populations, we constructed a complete genome of a 2013 Atlantic-traced clinical isolate by hybrid assembly.
Draft genome announcement of
Bacillus velezensis
TSB6.1 isolated as a culturable endosymbiont of a nitrogen-fixing endophytic yeast
Rhodotorula mucilaginosa
JGTA-S1
Authors: Nag Mayurakshi , Seal Anindita 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

We here report the genome of
Bacillus velezensis
TSB6.1 isolated as a culturable endosymbiont of an endophytic yeast
Rhodotorula mucilaginosa
JGTA-S1. TSB6.1 has a genome size of approximately 4.50 Mb, with 4,597 genes, 45.54% GC content, 3 rRNAs, and 73 tRNAs.
Exploring amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients’ experiences of psychological distress during the disease course in China: a qualitative study
Authors: Yu Yiqing , Zeng Lijuan , Wu Man , Li Chaoyang , Qiu Yufei , Liu Jiali , Yang Fen , Xia Peng 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the psychological distress course of Chinese amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients after the onset of the disease and to provide targeted nursing guidance.DesignThe interview content was analysed qualitatively. We used seven steps of Colaizzi’s method to analyse the participants’ data.SettingWuhan, China, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital.ParticipantsA semistructured face-to-face interview were performed among 22 people with ALS from the motor neuron disease rehabilitation centre of a tertiary Chinese medicine hospital in China.ResultThis study included a total of 22 participants, from whom three main themes regarding the psychological distress trajectory of ALS patients were extracted from the interview data: ‘Time begins to run out’ include tormented and restless waiting and shock and doubt in ALS disease confirmation, ‘Family out of control’ include the burden of stigma and function loss, the burden of missing family roles, the burden of marriage’s emotional needs and the burden of offspring health, ‘Way forward’ include struggle between live and death and struggle between quality of life and the value of life.ConclusionThis study outlines the psychologically distressing journey of ALS patients. Studies have pointed out the need for targeted care to address patients’ various sources of psychological distress to improve their quality of life and coping ability, increase their psychological resilience and reconstruct their life beliefs.
Epidemiology of adverse events related to sports among community people: a scoping review
Authors: Hirata Akihiro , Saito Yoshinobu , Nakamura Manabu , Muramatsu Yasuaki , Tabira Kento , Kikuchi Kanako , Manabe Tomoki , Oka Kentaro , Sato Mizuki , Oguma Yuko 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesNumerous reports have described injuries and illnesses in competitive athletes, but studies on leisure-time physical activity and associated adverse events in the general population have not been adequately reviewed. This study aimed to summarise the previous findings on this topic.DesignScoping review.Data sourcesPubMed and Ichushi-Web for articles in English and Japanese, respectively (13 April 2023).Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesArticles on adverse events related to sports performed by ‘individuals and groups active in the community’ were included, whereas those on elite athletes, exercise therapy and rehabilitation, and school sports were excluded. Terms related to physical activity, exercise, sports and adverse events were used for the search strategies.ResultsThe literature search yielded 67 eligible articles. Most articles were from the USA, Japan and Australia. Running, scuba diving, rugby and soccer were the most commonly reported sports. Adults were the most common age category in the samples. The most commonly reported adverse events were injuries; only 10 articles reported diseases. 13 longitudinal studies reported the frequency of adverse events based on the number of events/participants×exposure.ConclusionAdverse events such as sports trauma, disability and certain diseases occur sometimes during sporting activities by residents; however, the articles identified in this review showed biases related to the countries and regions where they were published and the sports disciplines and types of adverse events reported, and articles reporting the frequency of adverse events were also limited. This highlights the need for more high-quality observational studies on diverse populations in the future.
Effects of a brief intervention based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy versus usual care for cardiac rehabilitation patients with coronary heart disease (ACTonHEART): a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Spatola Chiara A M , Rapelli Giada , Giusti Emanuele Maria , Cattivelli Roberto , Goodwin Christina L , Pietrabissa Giada , Malfatto Gabriella , Facchini Mario , Cappella Emanuele A M , Varallo Giorgia , Martino Gabriella , Castelnuovo Gianluca 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesThe main objective of the study is to investigate the short-term efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on the simultaneous modification of biological indicators of risk and psychological well-being in patients with coronary heart disease attending cardiac rehabilitation (CR).DesignThis was a two-arm randomised controlled trial comparing a brief, manualised, ACT-based intervention with usual care (UC).SettingThe study was conducted in an outpatient CR unit in Italy. Data collection took place from January 2016 to July 2017.ParticipantsNinety-two patients were enrolled and randomised, following an unbalanced randomisation ratio of 2:1 to the ACT group (n=59) and the control group (n=33). Eighty-five patients completed the ACT (n=54) and the UC (n=31) interventions and were analysed.InterventionsThe control group received UC, a 6 weeks multidisciplinary outpatient CR programme, encompassing exercise training, educational counselling and medical examinations. The experimental group, in addition to UC, participated in the Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on HEART disease (ACTonHEART) intervention encompassing three group sessions based on ACT.OutcomesThe primary outcomes were Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL)cholesterol, resting systolic blood pressure, body mass index (BMI) and psychological well-being measured by the Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWBI). Outcome measures were assessed at baseline and at the end of CR.ResultsBased on linear mixed models, no significant group × time interaction was observed for either the primary outcomes (β, 95% CI: PGWBI =−1.13, –6.40 to –4.14; LDL cholesterol =−2.13, –11.02 to –6.76; systolic blood pressure =−0.50, –10.76 to –9.76; diastolic blood pressure =−2.73, –10.12 to –4.65; BMI =−0.16, –1.83 to –1.51, all p values >0.05) or the secondary outcomes (all p values >0.05). A significant time effect was found for the PGWBI total (beta=4.72; p=0.03).ConclusionsAlthough analyses revealed null findings, the results can inform the design of future ACT-based CR interventions and can help researchers to strike a balance between the idealised implementation of an ACT intervention and the structural limitations of existing CR programmes.Trial registration numberNCT01909102.
Perceptions of height and weight screening and associations with body image: a cross-sectional study in early primary school children
Authors: Drilen Tove Langlo , Eik-Nes Trine Tetlie , Ersfjord Ellen Margrete Iveland , Klöckner Christian Andreas , Ødegård Rønnaug Astri 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundDespite parental concern, few studies have investigated children’s experiences with school-based screening of growth deviations. This study aimed to explore perceptions of height and weight screening and associations with body size dissatisfaction (BSD) among third-grade children aged 8–9 years in central Norway.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study between November 2021 and April 2022, perceptions of height and weight screening and BSD were assessed individually among 209 children (49% girls) through researcher-assisted interviews.ResultsMost children indicated satisfaction with the screening by selecting a happy emoji, whereas only 1% indicated dissatisfaction, by selecting an unhappy emoji. However, 23%–30% selected a neutral emoji, indicating either neutrality or a response between satisfaction and dissatisfaction. No difference in the perception of height and weight screening was found between genders or body mass index (BMI). Children with parents from non-Western countries had a higher risk of being less satisfied with the height screening (OR=3.0, 95% CI 1.2 to 7.3) than those from Western origin, and children attending schools with lower socioeconomic status (SES) had increased risk of being less satisfied with both height (OR=5.5, 95% CI 2.2 to 13.5) and weight screening (OR=4.0, 95% CI 1.7 to 9.3), compared with children from schools with medium-high SES. Twenty-three percent reported BSD, in which 14% and 9% desired a thinner or larger body, respectively, independent of gender and BMI. No association was found between BSD and the perception of weighing (OR=1.1, 95% CI 0.6 to 2.4), however, BSD was associated with being more satisfied with height screening (OR=0.3, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.8).ConclusionIn the present sample, most children indicated satisfaction with school-based height and weight screening, with no differences between gender or BMI category. However, more children of non-Western origin and from areas with low SES reported less satisfaction with the screening, independent of BSD.
Closing the gap on healthcare quality for equity-deserving groups: a scoping review of equity-focused quality improvement interventions in medicine
Authors: Jomy Jane , Lin Ke Xin , Huang Ryan S , Chen Alisia , Malik Aleena , Hwang Michelle , Bhate Tahara D , Sharfuddin Nazia 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionQuality improvement (QI) efforts are critical to promoting health equity and mitigating disparities in healthcare outcomes. Equity-focused QI (EF-QI) interventions address the unique needs of equity-deserving groups and the root causes of disparities. This scoping review aims to identify themes from EF-QI interventions that improve the health of equity-deserving groups, to serve as a resource for researchers embarking on QI.MethodsIn adherence with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines, several healthcare and medical databases were systematically searched from inception to December 2022. Primary studies that report results from EF-QI interventions in healthcare were included. Reviewers conducted screening and data extraction using Covidence. Inductive thematic analysis using NVivo identified key barriers to inform future EF-QI interventions.ResultsOf 5,330 titles and abstracts screened, 36 articles were eligible for inclusion. They reported on EF-QI interventions across eight medical disciplines: primary care, obstetrics, psychiatry, paediatrics, oncology, cardiology, neurology and respirology. The most common focus was racialised communities (15/36; 42%). Barriers to EF-QI interventions included those at the provider level (training and supervision, time constraints) and institution level (funding and partnerships, infrastructure). The last theme critical to EF-QI interventions is sustainability. Only six (17%) interventions actively involved patient partners.DiscussionEF-QI interventions can be an effective tool for promoting health equity, but face numerous barriers to success. It is unclear whether the demonstrated barriers are intrinsic to the equity focus of the projects or can be generalised to all QI work. Researchers embarking on EF-QI work should engage patients, in addition to hospital and clinic leadership in the design process to secure funding and institutional support, improving sustainability. To the best of our knowledge, no review has synthesised the results of EF-QI interventions in healthcare. Further studies of EF-QI champions are required to better understand the barriers and how to overcome them.