bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabetes as a Cause of Clinically Significant Functional Cobalamin Deficiency
Authors: Solomon Lawrence R. 
Published: March 2011

OBJECTIVE
Functional cobalamin (Cbl) deficiency (i.e., high methylmalonic acid [MMA] values despite normal serum Cbl levels) is common in the elderly and associated with neuropathy and anemia. Because diabetes is also common in the elderly and diabetic neuropathy resembles that of Cbl deficiency, the role of diabetes in functional Cbl deficiency was explored.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A retrospective review was performed of all ambulatory community-dwelling adults with normal renal function evaluated for Cbl deficiency over a 12-year period in a primary care setting. Functional Cbl deficiency was defined as MMA values &gt;250 nmol/L with Cbl levels &gt;400 pg/mL.

RESULTS
In nondiabetic subjects, MMA values varied directly with age and inversely with serum Cbl. In diabetic subjects, MMA values also increased with age but did not fall as Cbl levels increased. Thus, when Cbl levels were &gt;400 pg/mL, mean MMA values and the incidence of functional Cbl deficiency were both significantly greater in elderly diabetic subjects (at least 70 years old) than in elderly nondiabetic subjects. Moreover, neuropathy was present in 62% of diabetic subjects with high MMA values and in only 18% of diabetic subjects with normal MMA values. Finally, pharmacologic doses of Cbl improved MMA values and neuropathy in 88 and 86% of evaluable diabetic subjects, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
These observations suggest that functional Cbl deficiency is common in elderly diabetic individuals, is associated with neuropathy, and is responsive to Cbl therapy. A role for oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of functional Cbl deficiency is proposed.
Conformational changes of peptidoglycan fragments during their interactions with vancomycin
Authors: Ślusarz Rafał , Ślusarz Magdalena , Samaszko Justyna , Madaj Janusz 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Six complexes of vancomycin and peptidoglycan precursors were studied via molecular dynamics simulations. The interactions between the antibiotic and peptidoglycan fragments were identified and described in detail. All six studied modifications of the peptidoglycan precursor resulted in a weakening of the interaction with vancomycin when comparing to the native D-Ala-D-Ala-terminated fragment. It was confirmed that the N-terminus of the vancomycin is directly responsible for peptidoglycan recognition and antimicrobial activity. In simulated systems, the saccharide part of the antibiotic interacts with peptide precursors, thus it could also be important for antimicrobial activity. The complex terminated with D-Lac is the only one in which there is a weak interaction with the sugar moiety in the simulated systems. Analysis of conformational changes is a major scope of this work. The lack of interactions resulting from modification of the peptidoglycan precursors (D-Lac, D-Ser or other substitution) would be counterbalanced by proper modifications of the vancomycin moiety, especially the saccharide part of vancomycin.
SERS approach for Zn(II) detection in contaminated soil
Authors: Szabó László , Leopold Loredana , Cozar Bogdan , Leopold Nicolae , Herman Krisztian , Chiş Vasile 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Soil contamination by metals is a common problem encountered in many industrialized countries. In this work we present a new approach for heavy metals detection by using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. Zn(II) can be clearly determined by SERS in contaminated soil by using 4-(2-pyridylazo) resorcinol (PAR) as chelating molecule for the metal ion. The SERS spectra of PAR, of its metal chelates and of the soil extract-PAR mixture were recorded using a hydroxylamine reduced silver colloid. An excellent match of the PAR-contaminated soil extracts SERS spectrum to the Zn(PAR)2 SERS spectrum can be observed, demonstrating the presence of Zn(II) in the soil probes. Density functional theory (DFT) based calculations were also performed for a reliable assignment of SERS spectra.
Erratum to: “Synthesis and characterization of molecularly imprinted polymer for controlled release of tramadol”
Authors: Azodi-Deilami Saman , Abdouss Majid , Rezvaneh Seyedi S. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
The original version of the article was published in Cent. Eur. J. Chem., Vol. 8(3), (2010), pp. 687–695. Unfortunately, the original version of this article contains mistakes in the Authors names section. There should be: Saman Azodi-Deilami1, Majid Abdouss1 and S. Rezvaneh Seyedi2.
Electrochemical behavior of some purine derivatives on carbon based electrodes
Authors: Câmpean Anuţa , Tertiş Mihaela , Săndulescu Robert 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
The electrochemical behaviour of three purine derivatives was investigated by cyclic voltammetry on different electrode materials: glassy carbon in native form and electrochemically activated, carbon paste electrode unmodified or modified with 1, 4-benzoquinone. The preliminary study obtained on solid electrodes was extended to graphite based planar screen-printed electrodes, unmodified and modified with multi-wall carbon nanotubes, or cobalt phthalocyanine.
The influence of some experimental parameters (pH, scan rate, concentration and electrolytic medium) on the electrochemical behaviour of these alkaloids was also examined.
The electrochemical oxidation of purine derivatives is an irreversible and diffusion controlled process, proved by the linear dependence between the peak potentials and the logarithm of scan rates and between the anodic peak current and the square root of scan rate.
Influence of heat treatment on the phase transition of ZrMo2O8 and photocatalytic activity
Authors: Mancheva Maria , Iordanova Reni , Dimitriev Yanko , Tyuliev Georgi , Iliev Tzvetoslav 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
ZrMo2O7(OH)2·2H2O was obtained from ZrOCl2·2H2O and Na2MoO4·2H2O by a coprecipitation method. The phase and structural changes occurred during the heat-treatment of ZrMo2O7(OH)2·2H2O were investigated by XRD, IR and XPS analysis. The sequence of phase transformation can be divided into three stages: (1) transformation of ZrMo2O7(OH)2·2H2O to orthorhombic LT-ZrMo2O8 up to 300°C; (2) obtaining of mixture of both polymorphs of ZrMo2O8: cubic and trigonal at 400°C; (3) conversion to single trigonal (α) ZrMo2O8 above 450°C. The microstructure of the obtained trigonal (α) ZrMo2O8 was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The particle sizes were below 0.5 µm. The specific surface area was measured by modified BET method. The photocatalytic activity of the obtained trigonal (α) ZrMo2O8 powders was investigated by degradation of a model aqueous solution of Malachite Green (MG) upon UV-light irradiation.
The comparison of sample extraction procedures for the determination of cations in soil by IC and ICP-AES
Authors: Stanišić Svetlana , Ignjatović Ljubiša , Manojlović Dragan , Dojčinović Biljana 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
This paper presents the extraction of cations from a soil sample, type ranker on serpentinite, in deionized water, by use of three different extraction techniques. The first extraction technique included the use of a rotary mixer, the second technique involved the use of a microwave digestion system with different extraction temperatures, and the third technique employed an ultrasonic bath with different extraction times. Ion chromatography was used for determining the concentration of Li, Na, K, Ca, Mg and ammonium ions in soil extracts with subsequent determination of concentrations for all cations, except for ammonium ion extraction, conducted by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry. The results of cation extractions showed that microwave assisted extraction was most efficient for the Li, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Co, Mn, Ni, Pb and ammonium ions. Use of a rotary mixer for extraction was most efficient for Cd and Zn ions, while use of ultrasound bath was most efficient for Cr, Cu, Fe and Al ions. Several times higher amount of cations extracted by the most efficient, compared to the second best technique, under optimal conditions, were noticed in the case of: Ca, Mg, Co, Mn, Fe, Al, and Zn ions.
Application of the Spectral Analysis for Modeling the Rotations of the Moon
Authors: Pashkevich V. , Eroshkin G. 
Published: March 2011

Application of the Spectral Analysis for Modeling the Rotations of the Moon
The main purposes of this research are the development of the optimal spectral analysis schemes for the investigation of the rotational motion of the Moon and then the comparison between the result of the optimal spectral analysis of the rotational motions of the Earth and the Moon. Dynamics of the rotational motion of the Moon is studied numerically by using Rodrigues-Hamilton parameters over 418.9 year time interval. The results of the numerical solution of the problem are compared with the composite semi-analytical theory of the Moon rotation (SMR) represented by Cassini relations and the semi-analytical solutions of the lunar physical libration problem (Eckhardt, 1981), (Moons, 1982), (Moons, 1984), (Pešek, 1982). The initial conditions of the numerical integration are taken from SMR. The investigation of the discrepancies is carried out by the optimal spectral analysis methods for the Newtonian case. All the periodic terms representing the behavior of the residuals are interpreted as corrections to SMR semi-analytical theory. As a result, the Moon Rotation Series (MRS2010) is constructed, which is dynamically adequate to the DE200/LE200 ephemeris over 418.9 year time interval. A numerical solution for the Moon rotation is obtained anew with the new initial conditions calculated by means of MRS2010. The discrepancies between the new numerical solution and MRS2010 do not surpass 20 mas over 418.9 year time interval. The result of the comparison demonstrates that MRS2010 series represent more accurately the Moon rotation than SMR series.
Equilibrium and rate of iron(III) extraction from chloride solutions by individual hydrophobic extractants and their mixtures
Authors: Staszak Katarzyna , Cierpiszewski Ryszard , Prochaska Krystyna 
Published: March 2011

Equilibrium and rate of iron(III) extraction from chloride solutions by individual hydrophobic extractants and their mixtures
The main goal of this work was to study and compare the rate of iron(III) extraction from chloride solutions by commercial extractants: Alamine 336, TOPO and LIX 54 and their mixtures. Using the interfacial tension data, obtained for mixed systems, the values of surface mole fraction and molecular interaction parameter of extractants were estimated. Determination of the extraction rates was performed by using the Lewis-type stirred transfer cell. It was found that the extraction efficiency of extractants are changed in the following order: Alamine 336>TOPO>β-diketone. The addition of a chelating extractant to the system decreases the extraction efficiency, for example the addition of β-diketone to TOPO decreases the extraction efficiency by about 50%.
Analysis of a Detailed Kinetic Model of Natural Gas Combustion in IC Engine
Authors: Mansha M. , Saleemi A. , Javed S. , Nadeem Feroz 
Published: March 2011

Analysis of a Detailed Kinetic Model of Natural Gas Combustion in IC Engine
Detailed kinetic models are important to describe the oxidation of hydrocarbon fuels. In the present study, a detailed kinetic models has been developed to simulate the combustion of natural gas in IC engine. The proposed models consists of 208 elementary reactions and 72 species. The rate of the production and sensitivity analysis of the proposed reaction models were carried out to visualize the effect of reactions on the formation of various pollutants. In the rate of production analysis, an absolute rate of production coefficients and the normalized rate of production coefficients were calculated for the reactions involved in the formation of pollutant species (CO, NO, NO2, & NH3). In sensitivity analysis, normalized logarithmic sensitivity coefficients were determined the reactions of rates affects the output concentrations of the pollutant species. These two analysis were carried out for two temperatures ranges i.e. 1500 °C and 4000 °C under stoichiometric conditions (when φ=1.0).
The effect of thermal treatments on the mechanical and electrical properties of nickel-coated carbon fibre composites
Authors: Pierozynski Boguslaw 
Published: March 2011

The effect of thermal treatments on the mechanical and electrical properties of nickel-coated carbon fibre composites
Nickel-coated carbon fibre (NiCCF) composites may find technological applications within many industrial sectors, including: laptop computers, automotive and military industries. Typically, these applications require that NiCCF be subjected to extensive material processing; thus, optimization of mechanical (and electrical) properties for this material at the stage of its production is of significant importance. The present paper reports the application of specific, high-temperature heat treatments to laboratory-produced 12K50 NiCCF material, carried-out in order to improve the ductility and interfacial adhesion of electrodeposited Ni coating to the surface of carbon fibre substrate.
Utilization of agricultural and industrial wastes for metal removal from aqueous solutions
Authors: Biegańska Marta , Cierpiszewski Ryszard 
Published: March 2011

Utilization of agricultural and industrial wastes for metal removal from aqueous solutions
In this study a possibility of obtaining sorbents from basketry wastes has been investigated. Therefore, adsorption of cadmium ions on wicker bark of Salix americana has been studied. The obtained experimental results were described by the Freundlich equation and adsorption kinetics by the pseudo-second order equation. The effect of pH on cadmium ions adsorption by S. americana was also investigated. It has been found that for the pH values ranging from 2 to 7 cadmium removal from the solution was held at almost constant level.
New thermoplastic poly(carbonate-urethane) elastomers
Authors: Kultys Anna , Rogulska Magdalena 
Published: March 2011

New thermoplastic poly(carbonate-urethane) elastomers
Two series of novel thermoplastic poly(carbonate-urethane) elastomers, with different hard-segment content (30 - 60 wt %), were synthesized by melt polymerization from poly(hexane-1,6-diyl carbonate) diol of Mn = 2000 as a soft segment, 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) or hexane-1,6-diyl diisocyanate (HDI) and 6,6'-[methylenebis(1,4-phenylenemethylenethio)]dihexan-1-ol as a chain extender. The structure and basic properties of the polymers were examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, atomic force microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, Shore hardness and tensile tests. The resulting TPUs were colorless polymers, showing almost amorphous structures. The MDI-based TPUs showed higher tensile strengths (up to 21.3 MPa vs. 15.8 MPa) and elongations at break (up to 550% vs. 425%), but poorer low-temperature properties than the HDI-based analogs.
Development of photoreactive UV-crosslinkable solvent-free acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives coated at room temperature and used for removable and repositionable self-adhesive materials
Authors: Czech Zbigniew , Butwin Agnieszka 
Published: March 2011

Development of photoreactive UV-crosslinkable solvent-free acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives coated at room temperature and used for removable and repositionable self-adhesive materials
The goal of this article is to review the development of photoreactive UV-crosslinkable acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) characterized by low viscosity, which can be coated at room temperature in the form of adhesive layers and are characterized by removable properties after UV-crosslinking. Surfactants and stearic acid have been used to improve the performance of the acrylic PSA, too. They are used for the manufacturing of removable and repositionable self-adhesive products, such as easy peel-able decorative films and wide range version of post-it articles.
Investigation of applying calcium oxide for the removal of bitter substances from hop wastes
Authors: Hoffmann Krystyna , Hoffmann Józef , Huculak-Mączka Marta , Skut Jakub 
Published: March 2011

Investigation of applying calcium oxide for the removal of bitter substances from hop wastes
Utilization of brewery wastes is one of the solutions for the production of the fodder supplements containing biogenic nutrients. The condition of such application is to meet the requirements included in the regulations regarding animal feeding, particularly removing a bitter taste. The aim of the performed investigations was the removal of bitter acids from the post-extraction hop waste using the calcium oxide addition. For the examination hop wastes obtained as a by-product from the CO2 plant extraction in supercritical conditions, were applied. Physicochemical properties of the waste samples collected for the investigations were determined by applying the available standard analytical techniques. The analyses of the determination of bitter acids were carried out by the high performance liquid chromatography method. During the experiments very good effects of bitter acids removal from hop wastes, were obtained by using CaO suspensions in water. The investigations on the influence of the CaO concentration in suspension on the efficiency of bitter acids removal indicate the possibility of applying suspensions by 2 wt% for this purpose.
Obtaining protein hydrolysates with chemical and enzymatic methods
Authors: Kowalski Zygmunt , Makara Agnieszka , Banach Marcin 
Published: March 2011

Obtaining protein hydrolysates with chemical and enzymatic methods
The goal of our research was to work up a method of hydrolisates protein production using as raw material fresh pork meat-bone tissue after dismantling the process of half carcasses. Actually this raw material was practically all utilized as waste. The results of laboratory research and an industrial test allowed to state that is possible to produce hydrolysates containing 8 - 10% of proteins, and the most advantageous parameters of the chemical process are: the reaction time ~105 min., temperature 120°C, pressure 3.0 bars. With the use of enzymes (Protamex and Flavourzyme), it is possible to obtain a non-gelling protein hydrolysate with a high degree of clarity and light cream colour. The best results were achieved with the following parameters: the meat-bone feedstock to the water ratio from 1:1 to 1:2, the temperature of 40 - 45°C, the time of the process 3 h, pH ~6.
Polyurethane pressure-sensitive adhesives as raw materials for the manufacturing of protective films
Authors: Łągiewczyk Monika , Czech Zbigniew 
Published: March 2011

Polyurethane pressure-sensitive adhesives as raw materials for the manufacturing of protective films
The present paper relates to water-borne polyurethane pressure-sensitive adhesives (PU-PSA) systems for self-adhesive protective films, and methods of their preparation. The typical protective films are self-adhesive films with excellent removability. Their manufacture is a film conversion process using common materials developed for the packaging industry (PVC and polyolefins). The most often used carrier for the constructions of protective films is PE. Polyurethane PSA layers are characterized by constant low peel adhesion between 3 and 5 N/2,5 cm.
Preparation of sorbents from selected polymers
Authors: Ciesińska Wiesława , Makomaski Grzegorz , Zieliński Janusz , Brzozowska Tatiana 
Published: March 2011

Preparation of sorbents from selected polymers
In this work, the results of studies on the preparation of sorbents from selected polymers were presented. The polymers were carbonized and subsequently physically activated by steam or carbon dioxide, or alternatively, chemically activated with potassium hydroxide. For the obtained materials, a specific area was evaluated by means of low-temperature nitrogen adsorption and benzene adsorption, iodine number was also determined. The obtained results indicated a possibility to procure hydrophobic sorbents of microporous structure. Sorbents having the best properties, i.e. the specific area of above 2000 m2/g were produced from poly(ethylene terephthalate) and phenol-formaldehyde resin.
A preliminary study of the degradation of selected commercial packaging materials in compost and aqueous environments
Authors: Musioł Marta , Rydz Joanna , Sikorska Wanda , Rychter Piotr , Kowalczuk Marek 
Published: March 2011

A preliminary study of the degradation of selected commercial packaging materials in compost and aqueous environments
The paper presents the results of the degradation of two commercial packaging materials CONS-PET and BioPlaneta in the compost and distilled water at 70°C. The materials containing polylactide (PLA), CONS-PET 13% and BioPlaneta 20%, aliphatic-aromatic copolyester terephthalic acid/adipic acid/1,4-butanediol (BTA) and commercial additives degraded under the industrial composting conditions (composting pile or container) and in distilled water at 70°C in the laboratory holding oven. Distilled water provided the conditions for the hydrolytic (abiotic) degradation of the materials. Weight loss, changes of molecular weight, dispersity monitored via the GPC technique and the macroscopic surface changes of the tested materials were monitored during the experiments. The investigated systems show similar trends of degradation, however on the last day of the incubation the decrease of the molecular weight was higher in water than under the industrial composting conditions. The results indicate that commercial packaging materials can be degraded both while composting ((bio)degradation) and during the incubation in distilled water at 70°C (abiotic hydrolysis).
Possibilities of utilizing the solid by-products of biodiesel production - a review
Authors: Gąsiorek Elżbieta , Wilk Marta 
Published: March 2011

Possibilities of utilizing the solid by-products of biodiesel production - a review
As a consequence of the intended rise in the volume of the biodiesel produced by the member states of the European Union, predominantly from rapeseeds and sunflower seeds, the quantity of the by-products being generated, e.g. glycerol, rapeseed/sunflower seed straw and rapeseed/sunflower seed meal, will increase dramatically. It is therefore recommendable to find effective methods for their processing or utilization in order to reduce the costs of biodiesel production without polluting the environment by excessive wastes. As the utilization of glycerol has often been addressed in the literature1, the aim of our study is to describe the potentiality for utilizing the solid by-products of biodiesel production, namely rapeseed/sunflower straw and rapeseed/ sunflower seed meal.