bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toxic thresholds of cadmium and lead to oceanic phytoplankton: Cell size and ocean basin–dependent effects
Authors: Echeveste P. , Agustí S. , Tovar-Sánchez A. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Thresholds of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) toxic to oceanic phytoplankton were examined in natural communities from the Mediterranean and Black Seas and the North East Atlantic Ocean. At concentrations of added Cd and Pb greater than 0.11 µg L−1, cell abundances and growth rates decreased with increasing addition of Cd and Pb, for all phytoplankton populations. The lethal concentrations at which populations decreased by half (LC50s), ranged from 0.23 to 498.7 µg L−1 Cd for Atlantic Prochlorococcus and Black Sea picoeukaryotes, respectively, and from 20 to 465.2 µg L−1 Pb for Mediterranean Synechococcus and Black Sea nanoplankton, respectively. These lethal concentrations were significantly lower than those previously reported for phytoplankton cultures. The LC50s were strongly related to population cell size, increasing as cell size increased, indicating that oceanic picocyanobacteria Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus populations were the most sensitive, and the largest phytoplankton cells the most resistant. Based on this relationship, differences in sensitivity to Cd across systems were detected, with Black Sea phytoplankton communities being more resistant (up to 100 times) than similar sized phytoplankton of the Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 1887–1894. © 2012 SETAC
Occurrence of C8–C10 esters in Mediterranean Myrtus communis L. leaf essential oil
Authors: Bazzali Ophélie , Tomi Félix , Casanova Joseph , Bighelli Ange 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTMyrtus communis L. grows wild all around the Mediterranean basin and on the islands. Myrtle leaf essential oil has a characteristic pleasant odour although various compositions, which differ by the content of monoterpene esters, have been reported. Fractionation of an essential oil sample from Corsica, followed by analysis of the chromatographic fractions by GC(RI) and 13 C NMR allowed the identification of four C8–C10 esters, first identified 20 years ago in a Spanish essential oil sample and since that time very scarcely reported, despite the tremendous amount of work carried out on the composition of myrtle leaf essential oil. Therefore, the composition of 63 samples of M. communis L. leaf essential oil isolated from myrtle growing wild in various Mediterranean countries (Corsica, Sardinia, Portugal, Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia) has been investigated by GC(RI) and 13 C NMR and the four C8–C10 esters have been identified in all the samples. The occurrence of these esters merits great attention, since they contribute to the pleasant odour of the myrtle essential oil. In parallel, 3,3,5,5,8,8‐hexamethyl‐7‐oxabicyclo[4.3.0]non‐1(6)‐ene‐2,4‐dione has been identified in all the samples. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Scoping analysis of brine extraction/re‐injection for enhanced CO2 storage
Authors: Hosseini Seyyed Abolfazl , Nicot Jean‐Philippe 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBrine extraction from the CO2 injection interval and re‐injection into overlying shallower aquifers have been described as an active management tool at sequestration sites. They improve injectivity and reduce risks, and are a potential cost‐saving measure. In this study, using analytical equations, we show that brine re‐injection from the deep aquifer into a shallower saline aquifer increases CO2 storage capacity relative to direct CO2 injection into the two saline aquifers as a result of the CO2 density change. Using generic models, we compare three different scenarios for CO2 injection: (i) injection of CO2 into the deep aquifer without the re‐injection program, (ii) injection of CO2 into both the shallow and deep aquifers, and (iii) injection of CO2 into the deep aquifer and extraction/re‐injection of the brine into the shallow aquifer. Volumetric calculations at different pressure and temperature conditions provide a simple analytical tool for studying CO2 storage capacity in stacked saline aquifers. Numerical compositional simulations confirm results of the analytical derivations and prior assumptions. Depending on the size and depth of the shallower aquifer, brine re‐injection can increase storage capacity by 30% or more, given a comparison of scenario 3 with scenario 1. However, when scenario 3 is compared with scenario 2, storage gain is generally less than 5%, although potential CO2 leakage risks are reduced. Results of a sensitivity analysis to shallow‐aquifer pore volume and geothermal‐temperature gradient are also presented. In addition, brine re‐injection from geopressured saline aquifers, when compared with that of normally pressured reservoirs, is twice as efficient. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
The influence of information on individuals' reactions to CCS technologies: results from experimental online survey research
Authors: Oltra Christian , Sala Roser , Boso Àlex 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe effective engagement of the public in carbon capture and storage (CCS) has become important in recent years. The most basic level of engagement is to inform the public about the characteristics of the technology. It is often assumed that providing more information will increase individuals' acceptance of the technology. However, social research on the effect of information on individuals' attitudes toward CCS has questioned this assumption. This paper reports the results of an experimental online survey aimed at analyzing how additional information on CCS affects individuals' reactions to CCS. Our findings suggest that information can influence individuals' reactions to CCS; specifically, those messages that link CCS to natural processes result in a slightly more positive reaction to CCS among individuals. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
An Efficient Approach for Preparing Giant Polypeptide Triblock Copolymers by Protein Dimerization
Authors: Wu Yuzhou , Weil Tanja 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAn efficient and convenient approach for preparing a giant polypeptide–poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymer architecture of defined structure and composition is reported. This copolymer consists of two long polypeptide chains derived from bovine serum albumin of distinct lengths with stabilizing poly(ethylene oxide) side‐chains, a connecting poly(ethylene oxide) block, and the presence of secondary structure elements along the polypeptide backbone. It is synthesized from the abundant plasma protein serum albumin and the polypeptide backbone is fully biodegradable. This approach represents a convenient and efficient strategy for preparing giant polypeptide‐based block copolymers of defined structure via a semi‐synthetic strategy. Such high‐molecular‐weight, biodegradable copolymers are attractive for various biomedical applications
Novel Phosphorescent Hydrogels Based on an IrIII Metal Complex
Authors: Li Zhen , Wei Zhao , Xu Feng , Li Yin Huan , Lu Tian Jian , Chen Yong Mei , Zhou Gui Jiang 
Published: May 2012

AbstractNovel phosphorescent hydrogels have been explored by immobilizing an IrIII metal complex into the matrices of hydrogels. FTIR spectra demonstrate that the IrIII–PNaAMPS hydrogel is achieved by irreversible incorporation of positively charged [Ir(ppy)2(dmbpy)]Cl (ppy = 2‐phenylpyrine, dmbpy = 4,4′‐dimethyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine) into negatively charged poly(2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropane sulfonic acid sodium) (PNaAMPS) hydrogel via electrostatic interaction. The photoluminescent spectra indicate that the IrIII–PNaAMPS hydrogel exhibits stable phosphorescence. In vitro cultivation of human retinal pigment epithelial cells demonstrates the cytocompatibility of the IrIII–PNaAMPS hydrogel. This work herein represents a facile pathway for fabrication of phosphorescent hydrogels.
Axonal neuropathy, long limbs and bumpy tongue: Think of MEN2B
Authors: Ramos‐Leví Ana M. , Díaz‐pÉrez Ángel , Sobrido María‐JesÚs , PiÑeiro‐Hermida Sergio , Blanco‐Arias Patricia , Cabezas‐Agrícola JosÉ M. , Pascual‐Pascual Samuel I. , AraÚjo‐Vilar David 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIntroduction: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2) is an uncommon autosomal dominant cancer syndrome which can be associated with nerve conduction abnormalities. Methods: A 14‐year‐old boy with a family history of consanguinity developed progressive gait clumsiness, pes cavus, hypotonia, and mucosal tumors of the lips and tongue since the age of 3 years. At age 11 years, he was diagnosed with an hereditary motor neuropathy (Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth syndrome). Results: Physical examination revealed a Marfanoid habitus, mucocutaneous verrucous tumors, thyroid nodules, and cervical adenopathy. Genetic testing demonstrated the p.M918T mutation in the RET gene, and blood tests showed elevated levels of calcitonin. Conclusions: Clinical suspicion in MEN2 is crucial for early diagnosis and subsequent therapy. Mucosal neuroma and a Marfanoid habitus are especially useful. Other neurologic manifestations should not disguise the endocrine disorder, because early diagnosis and treatment of medullary thyroid carcinoma determines the prognosis. Muscle Nerve, 2012
Suramin affects metalloproteinase‐9 activity and increases beta‐dystroglycan levels in the diaphragm of the dystrophin‐deficient mdx MOUSE
Authors: Taniguti Ana Paula Tiemi , Matsumura CÍntia Yuri , Rodrigues‐Simioni LÉa , Neto Humberto Santo , Marques Maria Julia 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIntroduction: In Duchenne muscular dystrophy and in the mdx mouse, muscle fiber degeneration and subsequent fibrosis lead to cardiorespiratory failure. Previously, we demonstrated that the anti‐fibrotic agent suramin was effective in decreasing fibrosis in mdx muscles. In this study, we were interested to see whether suramin could affect metalloproteinases (MMP) and improve the functional activity of the mdx diaphragm muscle. Methods: Zymography was performed to evaluate MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 activity. Western blotting was used to analyze the levels of beta‐dystroglycan. Muscle function was assessed in hemidiaphragm in vitro preparations. Results: We found that suramin affects metalloproteinase‐9 activity and increases beta‐dystroglycan. Furthermore, suramin also protects against diaphragm muscle fatigue over time. Conclusions: These results show the potential benefits of suramin in maintaining the structure of the dystrophin‐glycoprotein complex. Muscle Nerve, 46:810–813, 2012
Long‐term evaluation of respiratory status after esophageal atresia repair
Authors: Beucher J. , Wagnon J. , Daniel V. , Habonimana E. , Fremond B. , Lapostolle C. , Guillot S. , Azzis O. , Dabadie A. , Deneuville E. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractRationaleEsophageal atresia (EA) is a congenital malformation. Nowadays, its initial prognosis is excellent thanks to improvements in neonatal and surgical management. However, the assessment of long‐term respiratory outcome has become necessary in affected children and was thus performed in this study. The benefits of cardiopulmonary function testing were also examined.MethodsThe medical records of 77 children operated on for EA between 1990 and 2004 were reviewed. The results of respiratory function testing and cardiopulmonary response to effort were collected, together with neonatal and anthropometric data.ResultsAcceptable measurements were obtained in 31 children with EA. These children were comparable to the ones lost during follow‐up. The results of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were abnormal in 21 cases (68%). A poor ventilatory response was detected in 14 children (45%) by cardiopulmonary function testing. Ten children who had abnormal results on PFTs were not under any anti‐asthmatic treatment.ConclusionsImpaired lung function was noted in children with repaired EA. Indeed, cardiopulmonary function tests results correlated with standard spirometric parameters and revealed minimal clinical symptoms. Moreover, many children with EA had a limited ventilatory reserve (VR). These results indicate that respiratory symptoms are often neglected in children with repaired EA and reinforce the need to provide adequate treatment. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:188–194. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Algebraic description of G‐flux in F‐theory: new techniques for F‐theory phenomenology
Authors: Braun A.P. , Collinucci A. , Valandro R. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWe give a global algebraic description of the four‐form flux in F‐theory. We present how to compute its D3‐tadpole and how to calculate the number of four‐dimensional chiral states at the intersection of 7‐branes directly in F‐theory. We check that, in the weak coupling limit, we obtain the same results as using perturbative type IIB string theory. We develop these techniques in full generality. However, these can be readily applied to concrete models, as we show in an explicit example.
On the scalar manifold of exceptional supergravity
Authors: Cacciatori S.L. , Cerchiai B.L. , Marrani A. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWe construct two parametrizations of the non compact exceptional Lie group G = E7(‐25), based on a fibration which has the maximal compact subgroup K = (E6 × U(1))/ ℤ3 as a fiber. It is well known that G plays an important role in the 𝒩 = 2 d = 4 magic exceptional supergravity, where it describes the U‐duality of the theory and where the symmetric space ℳ︁ = G/K gives the vector multiplets' scalar manifold. First, by making use of the exponential map, we compute a realization of G/K, that is based on the E6 invariant d‐tensor, and hence exhibits the maximal possible manifest [(E6 × U(1))/ℤ3]‐covariance. This provides a basis for the corresponding supergravity theory, which is the analogue of the Calabi‐Vesentini coordinates. Then we study the Iwasawa decomposition. Its main feature is that it is SO(8)‐covariant and therefore it highlights the role of triality. Along the way we analyze the relevant chain of maximal embeddings which leads to SO(8). It is worth noticing that being based on the properties of a “mixed” Freudenthal‐Tits magic square, the whole procedure can be generalized to a broader class of groups of type E7
Algebra of physical space and the geometric spacetime solution of Dirac's equation
Authors: Ritchie Burke , Weatherford Charles A. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe algebra of physical space (APS) is a name for the Clifford or geometric algebra, which can be closely associated with the geometry of special relativity and relativistic spacetime. For example, the Dirac Hamiltonian can be presented as the scalar product of the electron's four‐momentum and Dirac's four‐vector of gamma matrices,
$({\gamma_0},\vec \gamma)$, the latter of which is a Clifford algebra. We show here that a geometric spacetime or four‐space solution of Dirac's equation conforms to the principles of APS, an early example of which is Schroedinger's solution of Dirac's equation for a free electron, which exhibits Zitterbewegung. In a four‐space solution the spacetime coordinates,
$\vec r$
and the scaled time ct, are treated on an equal footing as physical observables to avoid any suggestion of a preferred frame of reference. The geometric spacetime theory is studied here for the Coulomb problem. The positive‐energy spectrum of states is found to be identical within numerical error to that of standard Dirac's theory, but the wave function exhibits Zitterbewegung. It is shown analytically how the geometric spacetime solution can be reduced to the standard solution of Dirac's equation, in which Zitterbewegung is absent. The rigor of APS and of its conforming geometric spacetime solution provide strong support for further investigation into the physical interpretation of the geometric spacetime Dirac's wave function and Zitterbewegung. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Arrows of time and fundamental symmetries in chemical physics
Authors: Brändas Erkki J. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe field of chemical and physical processes, using principal microscopic techniques, should today allegedly be identified as a fundamental branch of physics. The discipline, by tradition known as chemical physics, is undergoing rapid progress. This assessment, illustrated by the advances presented at this Congress, is characterized by modern developments and novel trends with a concrete bearing on original theoretical understanding, with the possibility to go beyond traditional interpretations and explanations. In this vein, we do not only consider nonrelativistic treatments of various types of molecules including interactions between these and polymers, theoretical examinations of chemical reactions, surface states and interface states, disordered phenomena etc., but also recent progress together with non‐Hermitean extensions to quantum mechanics and statistical mechanics. The latter leads to a united edifice of theoretical constructions including the law of self‐reference, which emerges in analogy with the illustrious Gödel theorem(s) of mathematical logic, that is, the assertion of the inherent limitations of all nontrivial axiomatic systems. The current development begets the foundation of temporal processes and associated invariance principles including the valuation of the various arrows of time. The present conjugate operator array formulation supports the possible gravitational origin of molecular chirality and other principal symmetry violations. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Editor's Choice: An Interview with Hans Joas
Authors: Vargas Maseda Ramón 
Published: May 2012

The interview explores multiple aspects of social theory, most of them directly related to Joas's theory and others to symbolic interactionism and Goffman.The first part delves into Joas's theory in three respects. First, a clarifying note on a common misunderstanding about his book The Creativity of Action. Second, a clarification on the scope of his theoretical endeavor, and third, a look into his coming books to have a better grasp of the course that his theory is taking.The second part is dedicated to symbolic interactionism and Goffman.Firstly, Joas's opinion about the theoretical relationship between symbolic interactionism and macrosociology is emphasized, secondly, his opinion about the pertinence of locating Goffman within symbolic interactionism is stated, and thirdly, a brief commentary about the relationship between Joas's theory and Goffman's is introduced.
Ready, Willing, and Able: Developing a Support System to Promote Implementation of School‐Based Prevention Programs
Authors: Flaspohler Paul D. , Meehan Cricket , Maras Melissa A. , Keller Kathryn E. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWhile the number and scope of evidence‐based health, education, and mental health services continues to grow, the movement of these practices into schools and other practice settings remains a complex and haphazard process. The purpose of this paper is to describe and present initial support for a prevention support system designed to promote high‐quality implementation of whole school prevention initiatives in elementary and middle schools. The function and strategies of a school‐based prevention support system are discussed, including key structures and activities undertaken to identify, select, and provide technical assistance to school personnel. Data collected over a 5 year period are presented, including evidence of successful implementation support for 5 different evidence‐based programs implemented with fidelity at 12 schools and preliminary evidence of goal attainment. Findings suggest the ongoing collection of information related to organizational readiness assists in the adoption and implementation of effective practices and initiatives and provide valuable insight into the development of results‐oriented approaches to prevention service delivery. Problems, progress, and lessons learned through this process are discussed to frame future research and action steps for this school‐based prevention support system.Special Issue: Advances in Bridging Research and Practice Using the Interactive System Framework for Dissemination and Implementation; Guest Editors: Abraham Wandersman, Paul Flaspohler, Catherine A. Lesesne, Richard Puddy; Action Editor: Emilie Phillips Smith
Inferring the invasion history of coral berry Ardisia crenata from China to the USA using molecular markers
Authors: Niu Hong‐Yu , Hong Lan , Wang Zheng‐Feng , Shen Hao , Ye Wan‐Hui , Mu Hong‐Ping , Cao Hong‐Lin , Wang Zhang‐Ming , Bradshaw Corey J. A. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractGenetic comparisons between native and invasive populations of a species can provide insights into its invasion history information, which is useful for guiding management and control strategies. The coral berry Ardisia crenata was introduced to Florida last century as a cultivated ornament plant, and has since spread widely throughout the southern regions of the USA. Previously, the genetic variation among 20 natural populations of A. crenata across its distribution center in southern China was quantified using seven microsatellite markers. Here we expand on that work by additionally sampling individuals from four other native populations in Taiwan and Japan, and from five invasive populations in the USA. We also examined the results from one chloroplast intergenic spacer region (trnF‐trnL) in all 29 populations. Our aim is to identify the invasion source and subsequent history of the species’ spread throughout the southern USA. We observed lower genetic diversity in the invasive populations based on both microsatellite and chloroplast markers. Our data show that the invasive populations can be clustered with native populations in southeastern China, inferring this region as the geographic origin of A. crenata cultivars invading the USA. We further classified invasive individuals into invasive I and invasive II clusters. Nantou in Taiwan and Xihu in mainland China are the most closely related populations to those, which identify the former as potential sources for host‐specific control agents. Our results, combined with the known introduction records, suggest that A. crenata was first multiply introduced into Florida and then secondarily colonized Louisiana and Texas from Florida.
Cancer du pénis au Sénégal : aspects cliniques et thérapeutiques
Authors: Sow Y. , Thiam A. , Fall B. , Coulibali M. , Sarr A. , Diao B. , Fall P. A. , Ndoye A. K. , Ba M. , Diagne B. A. 
Published: May 2012

Résumé

Buts
décrire les aspects cliniques et thérapeutiques des cancers de la verge au Sénégal.

Patients et méthodes
nous avons effectué une étude rétrospective qui s’est intéressée aux dossiers des patients suivis pour cancer de la verge au service d’urologie du CHU Aristide Le Dantec entre janvier 2000 et décembre 2011.

Résultats
huit patients d’âge moyen de 51,5 ans avec des extrêmes de 27 à 77 ans ont été répertoriés. Ils étaient tous circoncis dans l’enfance. L’examen clinique avait mis en évidence une tumeur ulcérobourgeonnante intéressant le gland et une partie du corps de la verge dans cinq cas; dans deux cas, elle intéressait la totalité de la verge alors que seul un cas était limité au gland. Les patients étaient ainsi classés selon le système TNM 2002 de l’UICC en cT2 (quatre cas), cT3 (trois cas) et cT1 (un cas). Le type histologique de la tumeur était le carcinome épidermoïde chez tous les patients. Il n’y avait pas de localisation secondaire au scanner thoracoabdomino-pelvien. Sur le plan thérapeutique, une pénectomie partielle a été réalisée dans cinq cas, une pénectomie totale avec curage ganglionnaire dans un cas. Deux patients ont refusé le traitement chirurgical. Aucune récidive n’était notée chez les cinq patients ayant subi une amputation partielle du pénis. La survie globale était donc de 83,3 % pour les patients opérés.

Conclusion
le cancer de la verge est rare au Sénégal. La prise en charge est délicate du fait du diagnostic tardif avec des lésions évoluées, d’où l’importance d’une sensibilisation des populations.