bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Best Practices in Policy Creation and Administration in Meeting Housing Needs for People with Disabilities and Their Families: A Case Study in Ottawa County, Michigan
Authors: Beard Virginia Parish 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFor people with disabilities across the spectrum of disability categories, there is a need for better understanding of current and projected housing needs options. What housing, programs and policies exist to serve the disability community? How are policies and programs for people with disabilities, their families and caregivers being implemented? What gaps remain in the knowledge about housing and disability as well as in policy and implementation/administration arenas surrounding housing for people with disabilities and their families? Through a participatory action process, this project seeks to improve understanding and policy and program recommendations on housing options for the disability community. The topics identified as central to housing for the disability community that need better understanding include affordability of housing, accessibility, available individual supports and access to community amenities, such as transportation, that exist or are lacking. Through review of current data and a collection of new data in the form of a case study from Ottawa County, Michigan, this project will work to improve understanding and create a set of recommendations regarding housing options for people with disabilities, their families, and their caregivers.
The Latent and Sequential Costs of Being Poor: An Exploration of Housing
Authors: Duke‐Lucio Joanna , Peck Laura R , Segal Elizabeth A 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis paper explores unexamined housing costs that families incur by virtue of their low income. We build on a paradigm that identifies some unmeasured costs of being poor as latent (hidden and not counted in other poverty measures) and sequential (consequential with subsequent cost implications). Using data from in‐depth interviews with cash assistance recipients and working poor heads of household, we explore these latent and sequential costs of poverty related to housing. We observe a variety of housing‐related experiences regarding amenities and structure, stability, money outlays, and neighborhood characteristics. These experiences have associated with them latent and sequential costs that involve lack of safety, poor physical health, poor mental health, exhausting social capital, hopelessness, poor education, and diminished life opportunities, all of which have important financial and non‐financial implications for families.
Traps, Pitfalls, and Unexpected Cliffs on the Path Out of Poverty
Authors: Prenovost Mary A , Youngblood Deborah C. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA qualitative study was conducted to explore “cliff effects,” the overall dip in household resources when working poor families become ineligible for government work supports. The study included a survey of 78 low‐income women and 32 social service providers, followed by interviews with smaller subsets of each. We asked how low‐income women who are either on the verge of government support loss or who have recently experienced government support loss manage this circumstance and explored the effects on families' well‐being. We found that the participants with the highest average income ($34,000/year) were doing worse in terms of their well‐being than those with lower incomes. We recommend updating eligibility work support criteria and increasing support levels, developing “cliff effect trainings” for social service providers, and improving accessibility to higher education for working parents.
Benefit Incidence of Public Education and Health Spending Worldwide: Evidence From A New Database
Authors: Davoodi Hamid R. , Tiongson Erwin R , Asawanuchit Sawitree Sachjapinan 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis paper compiles a new database on the benefit incidence of public education and health spending covering 56 countries over 1960–2000. The database represents a significant improvement in quality and coverage over existing compilations. First, it covers a broader set of industrial and developing countries. Second, it provides information on benefit incidence over time. Third, the database reports auxiliary identifiers of a benefit incidence analysis, allowing for consistent comparisons within and across countries. The database is used to ascertain which income groups tend to benefit more from social spending. We also explore the relationship between benefit incidence on the one hand and indicators of access to education and health services and social outcomes on the other, using simple measures of association. The paper explores policy implications of these findings. Researchers interested in analyzing the effectiveness of social spending and the role of government would find the database an invaluable tool for further analyses.
Dwight Macdonald and Poverty Discourse, 1960‐1965: The Art and Power of a Seminal Book Review
Authors: Keefe Linda M 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis paper examines the role Dwight Macdonald and his review essay “Our Invisible Poor” (New Yorker, January 1963) played in bringing American poverty into U.S. public discourse in the early 1960s. Macdonald's article furthered the discussion about poverty that Michael Harrington's book, The Other America, had begun the previous year. It thereby spurred legislative action to remedy the social ills of American poverty through the Kennedy/Johnson administrations' War on Poverty by 1965. Set within a complex matrix of social, cultural, political, and historical forces, Macdonald's article was widely read, expansively disseminated, and had an important impact on legislation. This essay is built upon the scholarship of David Paul Nord and his ideas about communities of journalism. The impact of Macdonald's essay is examined through a review of secondary sources and primary research in Macdonald's papers, the New Yorker archives, and discourse analysis of New York Times coverage.
Review of Reducing Global Poverty: Patterns of Potential Human Progress, Vol. 1
Authors: Soltys Dennis 
Published: May 2010

AbstractDennis Soltys, author of Education for Decline: Soviet Vocational and Technical Schooling from Khrushchev to Gorbachev (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1997), reviews this book that discusses poverty and the human condition in many of the poorest regions around the globe.
Unbounded Hermitian operators and relative reproducing kernel Hilbert space
Authors: Jorgensen Palle 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
We study unbounded Hermitian operators with dense domain in Hilbert space. As is known, the obstruction for a Hermitian operator to be selfadjoint or to have selfadjoint extensions is measured by a pair of deficiency indices, and associated deficiency spaces; but in practical problems, the direct computation of these indices can be difficult. Instead, in this paper we identify additional structures that throw light on the problem. We will attack the problem of computing deficiency spaces for a single Hermitian operator with dense domain in a Hilbert space which occurs in a duality relation with a second Hermitian operator, often in the same Hilbert space.
Anti-invariant Riemannian submersions from almost Hermitian manifolds
Authors: Ṣahin Bayram 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
We introduce anti-invariant Riemannian submersions from almost Hermitian manifolds onto Riemannian manifolds. We give an example, investigate the geometry of foliations which are arisen from the definition of a Riemannian submersion and check the harmonicity of such submersions. We also find necessary and sufficient conditions for a Langrangian Riemannian submersion, a special anti-invariant Riemannian submersion, to be totally geodesic. Moreover, we obtain decomposition theorems for the total manifold of such submersions.
On the hierarchies of higher order mKdV and KdV equations
Authors: Grünrock Axel 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The Cauchy problem for the higher order equations in the mKdV hierarchy is investigated with data in the spaces $$
\hat H_s^r \left( \mathbb{R} \right)
$$ defined by the norm $$
\left\| {v_0 } \right\|_{\hat H_s^r \left( \mathbb{R} \right)} : = \left\| {\left\langle \xi \right\rangle ^s \widehat{v_0 }} \right\|_{L_\xi ^{r'} } , \left\langle \xi \right\rangle = \left( {1 + \xi ^2 } \right)^{\frac{1}
{2}} , \frac{1}
{r} + \frac{1}
{{r'}} = 1
$$.
Local well-posedness for the jth equation is shown in the parameter range 2 ≥ 1, r > 1, s ≥ $$
\frac{{2j - 1}}
{{2r'}}
$$. The proof uses an appropriate variant of the Fourier restriction norm method. A counterexample is discussed to show that the Cauchy problem for equations of this type is in general ill-posed in the C
0-uniform sense, if s < $$
\frac{{2j - 1}}
{{2r'}}
$$. The results for r = 2 — so far in the literature only if j = 1 (mKdV) or j = 2 — can be combined with the higher order conservation laws for the mKdV equation to obtain global well-posedness of the jth equation in H
s(ℝ) for s ≥ $$
\frac{{j + 1}}
{2}
$$, if j is odd, and for s ≥ $$
\frac{j}
{2}
$$, if j is even. — The Cauchy problem for the jth equation in the KdV hierarchy with data in $$
\hat H_s^r \left( \mathbb{R} \right)
$$ cannot be solved by Picard iteration, if r > $$
\frac{{2j}}
{{2j - 1}}
$$, independent of the size of s ∈ ℝ. Especially for j ≥ 2 we have C
2-ill-posedness in H
s(ℝ). With similar arguments as used before in the mKdV context it is shown that this problem is locally well-posed in $$
\hat H_s^r \left( \mathbb{R} \right)
$$, if 1 < r ≤ $$
\frac{{2j}}
{{2j - 1}}
$$ and $$
s > j - \frac{3}
{2} - \frac{1}
{{2j}} + \frac{{2j - 1}}
{{2r'}}
$$. For KdV itself the lower bound on s is pushed further down to $$
s > max\left( { - \frac{1}
{2} - \frac{1}
{{2r'}} - \frac{1}
{4} - \frac{{11}}
{{8r'}}} \right)
$$, where r ∈ (1,2). These results rely on the contraction mapping principle, and the flow map is real analytic.
Additively spectral-radius preserving surjections between unital semisimple commutative Banach algebras
Authors: Hatori Osamu , Hirasawa Go , Miura Takeshi 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Let A and B be unital, semisimple commutative Banach algebras with the maximal ideal spaces M
A and M
B, respectively, and let r(a) be the spectral radius of a. We show that if T: A → B is a surjective mapping, not assumed to be linear, satisfying r(T(a) + T(b)) = r(a + b) for all a; b ∈ A, then there exist a homeomorphism φ: M
B → M
A and a closed and open subset K of M
B such that $$
\widehat{T\left( a \right)}\left( y \right) = \left\{ \begin{gathered}
\widehat{T\left( e \right)}\left( y \right)\hat a\left( {\phi \left( y \right)} \right) y \in K \hfill \\
\widehat{T\left( e \right)}\left( y \right)\overline {\hat a\left( {\phi \left( y \right)} \right)} y \in M_\mathcal{B} \backslash K \hfill \\
\end{gathered} \right.
$$ for all a ∈ A, where e is unit element of A. If, in addition, $$
\widehat{T\left( e \right)} = 1
$$ and $$
\widehat{T\left( {ie} \right)} = i
$$ on M
B, then T is an algebra isomorphism.
Weighted entropies
Authors: Ebanks Bruce 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
We present an axiomatic characterization of entropies with properties of branching, continuity, and weighted additivity. We deliberately do not assume that the entropies are symmetric. The resulting entropies are generalizations of the entropies of degree α, including the Shannon entropy as the case α = 1. Such “weighted” entropies have potential applications to the “utility of gambling” problem.
Spaces with fibered approximation property in dimension n
Authors: Banakh Taras , Valov Vesko 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A metric space M is said to have the fibered approximation property in dimension n (briefly, M ∈ FAP(n)) if for any ɛ > 0, m ≥ 0 and any map g: $$
\mathbb{I}
$$
m × $$
\mathbb{I}
$$
n → M there exists a map g′: $$
\mathbb{I}
$$
m × $$
\mathbb{I}
$$
n → M such that g′ is ɛ-homotopic to g and dim g′ ({z} × $$
\mathbb{I}
$$
n) ≤ n for all z ∈ $$
\mathbb{I}
$$
m. The class of spaces having the FAP(n)-property is investigated in this paper. The main theorems are applied to obtain generalizations of some results due to Uspenskij [11] and Tuncali-Valov [10].
On the k-gamma q-distribution
Authors: Díaz Rafael , Ortiz Camilo , Pariguan Eddy 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
We provide combinatorial as well as probabilistic interpretations for the q-analogue of the Pochhammer k-symbol introduced by Díaz and Teruel. We introduce q-analogues of the Mellin transform in order to study the q-analogue of the k-gamma distribution.
Strong surjectivity of maps from 2-complexes into the 2-sphere
Authors: Fenille Marcio , Neto Oziride 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Given a model 2-complex K
P of a group presentation P, we associate to it an integer matrix ΔP and we prove that a cellular map f: K
P → S
2 is root free (is not strongly surjective) if and only if the diophantine linear system ΔP
Y = $$
\overrightarrow {deg}
$$(f) has an integer solution, here $$
\overrightarrow {deg}
$$(f)is the so-called vector-degree of f
Degenerate triply nonlinear problems with nonhomogeneous boundary conditions
Authors: Ammar Kaouther 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The paper addresses the existence and uniqueness of entropy solutions for the degenerate triply nonlinear problem: b(v)t − div α(v, ▽g(v)) = f on Q:= (0, T) × Ω with the initial condition b(v(0, ·)) = b(v
0) on Ω and the nonhomogeneous boundary condition “v = u” on some part of the boundary (0, T) × ∂Ω”. The function g is continuous locally Lipschitz continuous and has a flat region [A
1, A
2,] with A
1 ≤ 0 ≤ A
2 so that the problem is of parabolic-hyperbolic type.
Graphs with disjoint dominating and paired-dominating sets
Authors: Southey Justin , Henning Michael 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A dominating set of a graph is a set of vertices such that every vertex not in the set is adjacent to a vertex in the set, while a paired-dominating set of a graph is a dominating set such that the subgraph induced by the dominating set contains a perfect matching. In this paper, we show that no minimum degree is sufficient to guarantee the existence of a disjoint dominating set and a paired-dominating set. However, we prove that the vertex set of every cubic graph can be partitioned into a dominating set and a paired-dominating set.
The Angiogenic Growth Factor and Biomarker Midkine Is a Tumor-Shared Antigen
Authors: Kerzerho Jerome , Adotevi Olivier , Castelli Florence A. , Dosset Magalie , Bernardeau Karine , Szely Natacha , Lang Francois , Tartour Eric , Maillere Bernard 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The angiogenic factor Midkine (MDK) is overexpressed in various human malignant tumors, although its expression is low or undetectable in normal adult tissues. Its expression in tumors and its detection in plasma have been associated with poor disease outcome, whereas its blockade was found to contribute to tumor regression. By weekly stimulation of T lymphocytes harvested in HLA-A2 healthy donors, we derived CD8 T cell lines specific for several MDK peptides. The T cell response was mostly dominated by two nonamer peptides localized in the signal peptide and in the C-terminal part of the protein, as assessed by IFN-γ ELISPOT and HLA-A2 tetramer labeling. Peptide-specific T cell lines recognized cells transfected with an MDK-encoded plasmid and tumor cell lines naturally expressing the MDK protein, but not untransfected cells. T cell presentation of the two MDK epitopes was found to be TAP dependent. Experiments performed in HLA-A2 transgenic mice demonstrated the capacity of the two identified CD8 T cell epitopes to elicit a cytotoxic response. Altogether, our data show that the secreted MDK protein is a candidate vaccine for multiple cancers.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit Human Th17 Cell Differentiation and Function and Induce a T Regulatory Cell Phenotype
Authors: Ghannam Soufiane , Pène Jérôme , Torcy-Moquet Gabriel , Jorgensen Christian , Yssel Hans 
Published: May 2010

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exert immunomodulatory properties via the inhibition of T cell activation and proliferation. Because of the deleterious role of Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disease, we investigated whether proinflammatory cytokines could modify the expression of adhesion molecules on human MSCs, thereby contributing to increased Th17 cell adhesion to MSCs and, as a consequence, modulating the function of the latter cells. IFN-γ and TNF-α synergistically enhanced the expression of CD54 by MSCs, enabling the CCR6 chemokine ligand CCL20 to induce in vitro adhesion of Th17 cells to MSCs. MSCs prevented the in vitro differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells into Th17 cells and inhibited the production of IL-17, IL-22, IFN-γ, and TNF-α by fully differentiated Th17 cells; this was mediated, in part, via PGE2, the production of which was enhanced in cocultures with Th17 cells. Moreover, MSCs induced the production of IL-10 and trimethylation of histone H3K4me3 at the promoter of the FOXP3 gene locus, whereas it suppressed trimethylation of the corresponding region in the RORC gene in Th17 cells. These epigenetic changes were associated with the induction of fork head box p3 and the acquisition by Th17 cells of the capacity to inhibit in vitro proliferative responses of activated CD4+ T cells, which was enhanced when MSCs were preincubated with IFN-γ and TNF-α. These results showed that, under inflammatory conditions, MSCs mediate the adhesion of Th17 cells via CCR6 and exert anti-inflammatory effects through the induction of a T cell regulatory phenotype in these cells.
NADPH Oxidase-Dependent Reactive Oxygen Species Mediate Amplified TLR4 Signaling and Sepsis-Induced Mortality in Nrf2-Deficient Mice
Authors: Kong Xiaoni , Thimmulappa Rajesh , Kombairaju Ponvijay , Biswal Shyam 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Sepsis syndrome is characterized by a dysregulated inflammatory response to infection. NADPH oxidase-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) play significant roles in the pathophysiology of sepsis. We previously showed that disruption of Nrf2, a master regulator of antioxidant defenses, caused a dysregulation of innate immune response that resulted in greater mortality in a polymicrobial sepsis and LPS shock model; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. In the current study, compared with wild-type (Nrf2+/+) macrophages, we observed greater protein kinase C-induced NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS generation in Nrf2-disrupted (Nrf2−/−) macrophages that was modulated by glutathione levels. To address the NADPH oxidase-mediated hyperinflammatory response and sepsis-induced lung injury and mortality in Nrf2−/− mice, we used double knockout mice lacking Nrf2 and NADPH oxidase subunit, gp91phox (Nrf2−/−//gp91phox−/−). Compared with Nrf2+/+ macrophages, LPS induced greater activation of TLR4 as evident by TLR4 surface trafficking and downstream recruitment of MyD88 and Toll/IL-1R domain-containing adaptor in Nrf2−/− macrophages that was diminished by ablation of gp91phox. Similarly, phosphorylation of IκB and IFN regulatory factor 3 as well as cytokine expression was markedly higher in Nrf2−/− macrophages; whereas, it was similar in Nrf2+/+ and Nrf2−/−//gp91phox−/−. In vivo studies showed greater LPS-induced pulmonary inflammation in Nrf2−/− mice that was significantly reduced by ablation of gp91phox. Furthermore, LPS shock and polymicrobial sepsis induced early and greater mortality in Nrf2−/− mice; whereas, Nrf2−/−//gp91phox−/− showed prolong survival. Together, these results demonstrate that Nrf2 is essential for the regulation of NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS-mediated TLR4 activation and lethal innate immune response in sepsis.
TLR4 Signaling Inhibitory Pathway Induced by Green Tea Polyphenol Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate through 67-kDa Laminin Receptor
Authors: Hong Byun Eui , Fujimura Yoshinori , Yamada Koji , Tachibana Hirofumi 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major active polyphenol of green tea, has been shown to downregulate inflammatory responses in macrophages; however, the underlying mechanism has not been understood. Recently, we identified the 67-kDa laminin receptor (67LR) as a cell-surface EGCG receptor that mediates the anticancer action of EGCG at physiologically relevant concentrations (0.1–1 μM). In this study, we show the molecular basis for the downregulation of TLR4 signal transduction by EGCG at 1 μM in macrophages. Anti-67LR Ab treatment or RNA interference-mediated silencing of 67LR resulted in abrogation of the inhibitory action of EGCG on LPS-induced activation of downstream signaling pathways and target gene expressions. Additionally, we found that EGCG reduced the TLR4 expression through 67LR. Interestingly, EGCG induced a rapid upregulation of Toll-interacting protein (Tollip), a negative regulator of TLR signaling, and this EGCG action was prevented by 67LR silencing or anti-67LR Ab treatment. RNA interference-mediated silencing of Tollip impaired the TLR4 signaling inhibitory activity of EGCG. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that 67LR plays a critical role in mediating anti-inflammatory action of a physiologically relevant EGCG, and Tollip expression could be modulated through 67LR. These results provide a new insight into the understanding of negative regulatory mechanisms for the TLR4 signaling pathway and consequent inflammatory responses that are implicated in the development and progression of many chronic diseases.
Human Th17 Cells Comprise Heterogeneous Subsets Including IFN-γ–Producing Cells with Distinct Properties from the Th1 Lineage
Authors: Boniface Katia , Blumenschein Wendy M. , Brovont-Porth Katherine , McGeachy Mandy J. , Basham Beth , Desai Bela , Pierce Robert , McClanahan Terrill K. , Sadekova Svetlana , de Waal Malefyt René 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Th17 cells have been named after their signature cytokine IL-17 and accumulating evidence indicates their involvement in the induction and progression of inflammatory diseases. In addition to IL-17 single-producing T cells, IL-17/IFN-γ double-positive T cells are found in significantly elevated numbers in inflamed tissues or blood from patients with chronic inflammatory disorders. Because IFN-γ is the classical Th1-associated cytokine, the origin and roles of these subsets remain elusive. In this paper, we show that not only IL-17+/IFN-γ+ but also IFN-γ+ (IL-17−) cells arise under Th17-inducing condition and have distinct properties from the Th1 lineage. In fact, these populations displayed characteristics reminiscent to IL-17 single-producing cells, including production of IL-22, CCL20, and induction of antimicrobial gene expression from epithelial cells. Live sorted IL-17+ and Th17–IFN-γ+ cells retained expression of IL-17 or IFN-γ after culture, respectively, whereas the IL-17+/IFN-γ+ population was less stable and could also become IL-17 or IFN-γ single-producing cells. Interestingly, these Th17 subsets became “Th1-like” cells in the presence of IL-12. These results provide novel insights into the relationship and functionality of the Th17 and Th1 subsets and have direct implications for the analysis and relevance of IL-17 and/or IFN-γ–producing T cells present in patients’ peripheral blood and inflamed tissues.