bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated classification of web pages in hierarchical browsing
Authors: Golub Koraljka , Lykke Marianne 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this study is twofold: to investigate whether it is meaningful to use the Engineering Index (Ei) classification scheme for browsing, and then, if proven useful, to investigate the performance of an automated classification algorithm based on the Ei classification scheme.Design/methodology/approachA user study was conducted in which users solved four controlled searching tasks. The users browsed the Ei classification scheme in order to examine the suitability of the classification systems for browsing. The classification algorithm was evaluated by the users who judged the correctness of the automatically assigned classes.FindingsThe study showed that the Ei classification scheme is suited for browsing. Automatically assigned classes were on average partly correct, with some classes working better than others. Success of browsing showed to be correlated and dependent on classification correctness.Research limitations/implicationsFurther research should address problems of disparate evaluations of one and the same web page. Additional reasons behind browsing failures in the Ei classification scheme also need further investigation.Practical implicationsImprovements for browsing were identified: describing class captions and/or listing their subclasses from start; allowing for searching for words from class captions with synonym search (easily provided for Ei since the classes are mapped to thesauri terms); when searching for class captions, returning the hierarchical tree expanded around the class in which caption the search term is found. The need for improvements of classification schemes was also indicated.Originality/valueA user‐based evaluation of automated subject classification in the context of browsing has not been conducted before; hence the study also presents new findings concerning methodology.
A study of academic library users' decision‐making process: a Lens model approach
Authors: Tang Muh‐Chyun 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the mediating role different information sources (or cues) play in forming users' mental representation of a work in an academic library setting. Of particular interest is discerning how these information sources influence borrowing decisions.Design/methodology/approachA large‐scale user survey featuring two‐part questionnaires was utilized in an academic library setting. The questionnaires were designed to ascertain those information sources exerting a formative influence on users' information‐seeking behavior, especially the routes by which users came to know of a title and the sources by which they infer its content.FindingsEvidently users adaptively make use of a variety of cues to help them fulfil their information needs. These cues significantly reduced the uncertainty faced by users making a borrowing decision, even after their sense of domain familiarity was controlled for. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of the findings for library services. It is suggested that libraries could provide a more “cue‐rich” environment that supports users' decision making and facilitates exploration of their collection.Originality/valueThe research questions were framed in the language of decision‐making theory, which, as the research demonstrates, sheds light on the dynamics between “cue validity” and judgment uncertainty. It also demonstrates the applicability of the “accuracy‐cost” framework in the study of human information‐seeking behavior.
Describing art: an alternative approach to subject access and interpretation
Authors: Winget Megan 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the art historical antecedents of providing subject access to images. After reviewing the assumptions and limitations inherent in the most prevalent descriptive method, the paper seeks to introduce a new model that allows for more comprehensive representation of visually‐based cultural materials.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents a literature‐based conceptual analysis, taking Panofsky's theory of iconography and iconology as the starting‐point. Panofsky's conceptual model, while appropriate for art created in the Western academic tradition, ignores or misrepresents work from other eras or cultures. Continued dependence on Panofskian descriptive methods limits the functionality and usefulness of image representation systems.FindingsThe paper recommends the development of a more precise and inclusive descriptive model for art objects, which is based on the premise that art is not another sort of text, and should not be interpreted as such.Practical implicationsThe paper provides suggestions for the development of representation models that will enhance the description of non‐textual artifacts.Originality/valueThe paper addresses issues in information science, the history of art, and computer science, and suggests that a new descriptive model would be of great value to both humanist and social science scholars.
The paradox of expertise: is the Wikipedia Reference Desk as good as your library?
Authors: Shachaf Pnina 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the quality of answers on the Wikipedia Reference Desk, and to compare it with library reference services. It aims to examine whether Wikipedia volunteers outperform expert reference librarians and exemplify the paradox of expertise.Design/methodology/approachThe study applied content analysis to a sample of 434 messages (77 questions and 357 responses) from the Wikipedia Reference Desk and focused on three SERVQUAL quality variables: reliability (accuracy, completeness, verifiability), responsiveness, and assurance.FindingsThe study reports that on all three SERVQUAL measures quality of answers produced by the Wikipedia Reference Desk is comparable with that of library reference services.Research limitations/implicationsThe collaborative social reference model matched or outperformed the dyadic reference interview and should be further examined theoretically and empirically. The generalizability of the findings to other similar sites is questionable.Practical implicationsLibrarians and library science educators should examine the implications of the social reference on the future role of reference services.Originality/valueThe study is the first to: examine the quality of the Wikipedia Reference Desk; extend research on Wikipedia quality; use SERVQUAL measures in evaluating Q&A sites; and compare Q&A sites with traditional reference services.
A process model of small business owner‐managers' learning in peer networks
Authors: Zhang Jing , Hamilton Eleanor 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore how owner‐managers of small businesses can learn in peer networks to improve their management skills. It aims to offer a new way of understanding owner‐managers' learning as part of a social process, by highlighting the complex, interactive relationship that exists between the owner‐manager, his or her peers, and the wider environment.Design/methodology/approachA peer learning environment was created for 67 owner‐managers by providing a one‐year management training programme, and interviewing participants in the entry‐, mid‐ and post‐stages of the programme. Drawing upon the cases of six sample participants, a theoretical framework for understanding how owner‐managers learn in peer networks is proposed.FindingsFirst, this paper compares the value of peer networks and other types of networks such as families and customers/suppliers, and second, highlights the role of peer networks in facilitating critical reflection in the learning process. Theoretically, it provides a conceptual platform for further research in the learning of owner‐managers as a social process. It concludes that higher education institutions (HEIs) can create an environment to support peer networks and to provoke reflective thinking, in so doing they can improve owner‐managers’ management skills.Originality/valueThis study will assist HEIs in shaping how, and what, is provided in terms of management education for small business.
Comparative review of UK‐USA industry‐university relationships
Authors: Decter Moira H. 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore significant historical changes, legislation and policy in the UK and USA from the 1960s to present day relating to university‐industry relationships.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents a review of papers, reports and policy documents from the UK and USA drawing comparisons of university‐industry relations.FindingsThe paper finds that many UK and USA universities were originally rooted in their communities with strong links to local industries. This culture has persisted and been strengthened through legislation in the USA but changes in UK policy have resulted in reduced industry links.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper draws on secondary sources. Future research will explore more directly effects of changes in UK universities on university‐industry interactions.Practical implicationsIn recent years there has been an increasing UK government focus on university‐industry links. The paper seeks to show that the success of technology transfer in the USA has deeper contextual sources, which may not be easily reproduced in the UK. The history and culture of UK universities presents a barrier to current knowledge transfer initiatives.Originality/valueTechnology transfer in the UK and USA have been compared previously, but not set in the context of the history of the university sector. This has implications for current policy initiatives from UK government agencies seeking to develop university technology as a source of innovation for industry.
Building regional capacity: lessons from Leadership South West
Authors: Bolden Richard , Bagnall Jackie 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present experiences and insights from an higher education‐led initiative to build leadership capacity within the South West of England in order to the shed light onto the processes and mechanisms of regional capacity building.Design/methodology/approachThe approach was one of participative action research, whereby the authors were actively involved in the shaping and delivery of the initiative, responding to ongoing feedback and reflection. The account given within this paper is an autoethnographic case study that identifies the main phases and lessons learned from the initiative.FindingsThe paper identifies a number of discrete phases within the initiative, some of the challenges and how they were confronted and concludes with a set of ten principles that may help support regional capacity building initiatives for management and leadership.Originality/valueDespite increasing emphasis on capacity building and a tendency to promote leadership as a lever for change, limited academic research has been conducted into either of these processes at a regional level. This paper seeks to contribute to both theory and practice in these areas by combining the insights of an academic and a practitioner involved in one such initiative and highlighting the underlying and emergent processes therewith.
Cross‐university enterprise education collaboration as a community of practice
Authors: Carey Charlotte , Smith Kelly , Martin Lynn M. 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore the views of partners as to the process and operation of TE3 in relation to community of practice (CoP) principles in order to identify success factors fundamental to continued active participation in and promotion of enterprise education.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a narrative methodology via semi‐structured interviews. The aim was to capture both positive and negative perceptions of involvement from key partners within the project. A manual thematic approach was taken to analyse the data collected and through this common threads, trends and issues were identified.FindingsThe findings of this paper focus on the nature, benefits and power of this unique cross‐university collaboration, in facilitating and stimulating enterprising and entrepreneurial activity amongst students, graduates, and potentially, local small to medium‐sized enterprises.Practical implicationsThese findings are set within the context of delivering some key policy‐driven objectives, i.e. to support and create not only future entrepreneurs, but also enterprising groups and individuals, and to increase the use of technology‐enhanced and blended learning throughout higher education. It will be of interest to individuals and educators working in those areas and to policymakers seeking new routes to develop an entrepreneurial culture.Originality/valueThis is a unique project in terms of multiple university partners collaborating on third stream activity. The findings of this evaluation and its approach add to this otherwise scarce and under researched territory.
E‐mentoring for small business: an examination of effectiveness
Authors: Rickard Kim , Rickard Alex 
Published: November 2009

PurposeWhile information and communications technology provides new opportunities for supporting mentoring, there is a need to explore how effectively these potential benefits are being realised. This paper seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of a program in the small business context as a basis for proposing determinants of e‐mentoring effectiveness.Design/methodology/approachUsing qualitative inquiry, this study aims to establish patterns in the characteristics of effective and ineffective e‐mentoring partnerships using a model derived from information systems success field.FindingsThe study establishes a basis for understanding how the potential benefits of structured e‐mentoring are being realised in the small business context.Research limitations/implicationsThe study empirically establishes a range of determinants of effective e‐mentoring in the small business context.Originality/valueThe study provides a set of critical success factors and evaluation criteria for use by practitioners who are developing and evaluating the effectiveness of e‐mentoring programs.
Implementing service excellence in higher education
Authors: Khan Hina , Matlay Harry 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a critical analysis of the importance of service excellence in higher education.Design/methodology/approachThe research upon which this paper is based employed a phenomenological approach. This method was selected for its focus on respondent perceptions and experiences. Both structured and semi‐structured interviews were conducted to collect relevant data on service excellence. The focus of the research study was on achieving and implementing service excellence in higher education. Findings are analysed and results are grounded in relevant theories and the principle of service excellence.FindingsPreliminary results suggest that implementing service excellence establishes a direct link between a workforce and successful competitive strategies. In order to compete efficiently and effectively in their niche market, higher education institutions need to implement service excellence to ensure both internal and external customer satisfaction. A strong institutional culture that values internal customers can help achieve a motivated workforce, loyalty, high performance, innovation and a distinctive institutional competitive advantage.Research limitations/implicationsThe qualitative data collected for this study reflect respondent perceptions and opinions. Individuals perceive and experience things differently. Although the service excellence approach is applicable to service organisations, its transferability to other sectors might affect its validity.Originality/valueThe paper investigates how service excellence is achieved in industry and how it could be applied to promote competitive advantage in higher education.
Engagement and innovation: the Honda case
Authors: Paton Robert , Karunaratne Niru 
Published: November 2009

PurposeResearch and development (R&D) plays a significant role in creating and sustaining technological leadership. This paper aims to look at the extent to which R&D interventions stimulate innovation engagement.Design/methodology/approachThis paper examines, in the main, secondary data sources from Honda to assess the extent to which R&D‐enabled plants enjoy both enhanced innovatory potential and employee engagement.FindingsInitial indications point to a positive correlation between R&D and associated plant performance. Ongoing research suggests that there is a clear link between interventions and enhanced employee engagement. In addition, there appears to be evidence that monoculture outperform multicultural establishments.Research limitations/implicationsThe research was exploratory in nature and relied, in the main, on secondary data sources. However, access to the secondary sources was extensive which hopefully compensates for the limited primary data.Originality/valuePractitioners and academics interested in the relationship between engagement, value add knowledge transfer, R&D and innovation should find this paper of interest.
Protecting knowledge assets in multinational enterprises: a comparative case approach
Authors: O'Donoghue Nathan , Croasdell David T. 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThis paper aims to examine ways in which multinational enterprises (MNEs) can secure knowledge assets across global operations.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reports the results of a comparative case study. The practices of four MNEs are considered in conjunction with practices identified in the literature. A comparative company analysis is conducted using the resource‐based view of the firm.FindingsThe paper principally concludes that MNEs have several options for protecting knowledge assets. A set of seven recommendations are derived from the analysis.Practical implicationsThe recommendations derived from the analysis could be beneficial for enterprises who do knowledge work in global settings.Originality/valueThe paper offers background and consideration for those companies with IP in global business environments. The background, analysis and recommendations add to the body of knowledge in this area.
Organisations and the issue of multiple identities: who loves you baby?
Authors: Pate Judy , Beaumont Phillip , Pryce Gwilym 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the relationship between organisational identification and identification with work group and profession for knowledge workers. The literature points to two competing standpoints, first, a compatible relationship between focal points of identity and second, a trade off relationship whereby an increase in one is at the expense of another.Design/methodology/approachUsing the population of a large public UK sector organisation ordinary least squares regression was used to examine these relationships.FindingsThe findings established a strong relationship in which work group, organisational and professional identification were compatible.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings indicate, at least in this context, that no inherent trade off or problem reconciling multiple identities was evident. Regrettably the authors do not have the capacity to comment on the weighting or the relative importance placed on each focus of identity; this is an area for future research.Originality/valueThis paper seeks to contribute to the discussions of is the relationship between organisational identification and allegiances with the workgroup or profession, which is underdeveloped in the literature.
Cultural impacts on knowledge management and learning in project‐based firms
Authors: Ajmal Mian M. , Kekäle Tauno , Takala Josu 
Published: November 2009

PurposeProjects almost invariably involve a variety of diversely skilled people from different national, organisational, and professional cultural backgrounds. These people come together for a specific period of time to accomplish certain unique, unpredictable, and complex objectives. These distinctive characteristics mean that project‐based firms require a particular approach to knowledge management (KM) and learning activities that differs significantly from prevailing strategies. This paper aims to explore the way in which these distinctive cultural issues (national, organisational, and professional) influence KM in project‐based firms.Design/methodology/approachThe paper first looks at the general issues of KM and the “learning organisation”. Second, the study discusses the more specific issue of KM in project‐based firms. Third, the paper explores national, organisational, and professional cultures in the context of project‐based business. Finally, the paper draws the three preceding sections together to discuss the managerial implications of dealing with cultural issues in fostering KM in project‐based firms.FindingsIt is apparent that culture has a most significant influence on the KM capability of an organisation. The moral and budgetary support of senior management is essential for the success of any KM plan in project‐based business.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper puts forward a conceptually grounded argument by stressing on cultural complexities to KM and learning in project environments. The key cultural issues highlighted here need to be empirically tested in future studies.Practical implicationsAt the organisational level, people and processes must be the first priority for project managers who wish to nurture a “KM culture” in project‐based business. At the team level, the project manager can help to create a team culture conducive to KM by transmitting appropriate values and beliefs to the team members.Originality/valueThe paper helps practitioners and academics to understand the complexities of cultural issues during KM initiatives in the context of improving project performance.
Application of neural network combined genetic algorithm to rank the development priority of heavy oil reservoirs
Authors: Wu Xiaodong , Shi Junfeng , Chen Fujun , Wang Yaru 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a new approach for selecting the good heavy oil reservoirs to develop preferentially, which can avoid the huge economical loss resulted from wrong decision.Design/methodology/approachA new method of ranking the development priority of heavy oil reservoir is present, in which the neural network is applied for the first time to acquire reservoir parameters' weights through training samples and the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the joint weighs of neurons in case that neural network falling into local minimum. Additionally, the paper establishes subordinate function of every parameter. Eventually, comprehensive evaluation values of all heavy oil reservoirs are obtained.FindingsThe method can ensure the veracity and creditability of the parameters' weights, avoid the randomicity brought by experts.Research limitations/implicationsAccessibility of the data of many heavy oil reservoirs is the main limitation.Practical implicationsA very useful and new method for the decision makers of heavy oil reservoirs development.Originality/valueThe new approach of ranking the development priority of heavy oil reservoir based on the neural network and the genetic algorithm. The paper is aimed at the leaders who manage the development of heavy oil reservoirs.