bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The quality difference in five oolong tea accessions under different planting management patterns in south Fujian of China
Authors: He Huanzhu , Jiang Yuhang , Su Chengjia , Min Qingwen , Wu Weikun , Xie Kexiao , Yue Liang , Chen Zhidan , Lin Wenxiong , Yi Pyong-In 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionOolong tea, celebrated for its significance in Chinese tea culture, was the subject of investigation in this study.MethodsFive varieties of Minnan oolong tea were sampled, each cultivated under two distinct management approaches: conventional management and natural growth methods. The study aimed to discern variations in sensory attributes, encompassing appearance and liquor color, alongside the analysis of chemical composition.Results and discussionThe results indicated that oolong tea cultivated through conventional manual management generally exhibited qualities in terms of shape and foliage appearance, in contrast to those grown naturally. However, naturally grown oolong tea tended to exhibit more favorable aroma and taste profiles compared to conventionally managed counterparts. Furthermore, the content of water extract, amino acids, polyphenols, caffeine, and other pivotal chemical constituents were typically higher in naturally grown tea varieties compared to conventionally managed ones. Conversely, catechin content was found to be more abundant in traditionally managed bushes than in those grown naturally. These findings emphasize the significance of implementing appropriate natural growth management practices to enhance the quality of Minnan oolong tea and maintain ecological sustainability.
Extracellular host DNA contributes to pathogenic biofilm formation during periodontitis
Authors: Slobodianyk-Kolomoiets Mariana , Khlebas Svitlana , Mazur Iryna , Rudnieva Kateryna , Potochilova Viktoria , Iungin Olga , Kamyshnyi Olexandr , Kamyshna Iryna , Potters Geert , Spiers Andrew J. , Moshynets Olena 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionPeriodontal diseases are known to be associated with polymicrobial biofilms and inflammasome activation. A deeper understanding of the subgingival cytological (micro) landscape, the role of extracellular DNA (eDNA) during periodontitis, and contribution of the host immune eDNA to inflammasome persistence, may improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlaying severe forms of periodontitis.MethodsIn this work, subgingival biolfilms developing on biologically neutral polyethylene terephthalate films placed in gingival cavities of patients with chronic periodontitis were investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). This allowed examination of realistic cytological landscapes and visualization of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) including amyloids, total proteins, carbohydrates and eDNA, as well as comparison with several single-strain in vitro model biofilms produced by oral pathogens such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus gordonii, S. sanguinis and S. mitis. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis was also used to identify eDNA derived from eubacteria, streptococci and members of the Bacteroides–Porphyromonas–Prevotella (BPP) group associated with periodontitis.ResultsAnalysis of subgingival biofilm EPS revealed low levels of amyloids and high levels of eDNA which appears to be the main matrix component. However, bacterial eDNA contributed less than a third of the total eDNA observed, suggesting that host-derived eDNA released in neutrophil extracellular traps may be of more importance in the development of biofilms causing periodontitis.DiscussioneDNA derived from host immunocompetent cells activated at the onset of periodontitis may therefore be a major driver of bacterial persistence and pathogenesis.
Vegetative propagation of Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. by rhizome cuttings: a step towards conservation and cultivation approach
Authors: Magray Junaid A. , Wani Bilal A. , Javid Hanan , Islam Tajamul , Ganie Aijaz H. , Qadir Roof Ul , Nawchoo Irshad A. 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionPhytolacca acinosa Roxb. is a highly valuable multipurpose herb native to the Himalayan region. Unsustainable harvesting of this species due to its diverse uses has resulted in a rapid decline in its population across natural habitats, thereby necessitating its propagation and conservation. To overcome this challenge, the potential of P. acinosa rhizomes for ex situ regeneration was evaluated.MethodsThe current study aims to develop a standard propagation protocol for P. acinosa. Rhizome cuttings derived by splitting whole rhizomes were used to study the effect of various hormones and soil compositions on their sprouting and growth performance.ResultsSoil compositions SC10 and SC5 consisting of soil, sand, pebbles, and vermicompost (1:1:1:1) and soil, sand, and vermicompost (1:1:1), respectively, were the most suitable compositions for the optimum growth of this species. The rhizome segments treated with GA3 (150ppm) induced the highest sprouting percentage (91.67%), with a minimum sprouting time of 23.25 days. The maximum root length (9.25 cm), shoot length (16.5 cm), and leaf number (11.25) were recorded for GA3 (150ppm) treated rhizome cuttings.ConclutionsOverall, the results of the present study helped in establishing a cost-effective, rapid, efficient, and simple mass propagation method for the target species. The results of this study will serve as a guide for the large-scale cultivation, effective conservation, and sustainable utilization of this economically valuable medicinal herb.
Associations between estimated glucose disposal rate and arterial stiffness and mortality among US adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Song Junting , Ma Ruicong , Yin Lin 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundThe estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR), an effective indicator of insulin resistance, has been related to acute coronary syndrome, ischemic stroke and heart failure. This study aims to explore the relationship between eGDR and arterial stiffness, all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).MethodsParticipants with NAFLD were chosen from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 1999 and 2018. The main outcomes are arterial stiffness (represented by estimated pulse wave velocity, ePWV), all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Multiple cox regression models, restricted cubic spline, sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis were carried out to investigate the correlation between the insulin resistance indicators and mortality and arterial stiffness. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic curves were used to compare the predictive value of the eGDR with the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.ResultsIn this study, a total of 4,861 participants were included for analysis. After adjusting confounding factors in the multivariate weighted cox regression model, the eGDR was inversely associated with the all-cause mortality (Q4 vs. Q1, HR =0.65 (0.48-0.89, P=0.01) and cardiovascular mortality (Q4 vs. Q1, HR =0.35 (0.19-0.65, P&lt;0.001). Compared with TyG index and HOMA-IR, the eGDR shows excellent predictive value in all-cause mortality (0.588 vs. 0.550 vs. 0.513, P &lt; 0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (0.625 vs. 0.553 vs. 0.537, P &lt; 0.001). In addition, we found a significant negative correlation between eGDR and arterial stiffness (β=-0.13(-0.14–0.11, P&lt; 0.001). However, TyG index and HOMA-IR showed no significant correlation to arterial stiffness.ConclusionsLow eGDR (an indicator of insulin resistance) levels are related to an increased risk of arterial stiffness and mortality in NAFLD patients in the United States.
The alterations of oral, airway and intestine microbiota in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kou Ziwei , Liu Kai , Qiao Zhengtong , Wang Yaoyao , Li Yanmiao , Li Yinan , Yu Xinjuan , Han Wei 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundIncreasing evidence indicates the microbial ecology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is intricately associated with the disease’s status and severity, and distinct microbial ecological variations exist between COPD and healthy control (HC). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize microbial diversity indices and taxa relative abundance of oral, airway, and intestine microbiota of different stages of COPD and HC to make comparisons.MethodsA comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, the Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases to identify relevant English articles on the oral, airway, and intestine microbiota in COPD published between 2003 and 8 May 2023. Information on microbial diversity indices and taxa relative abundance of oral, airway, and intestine microbiota was collected for comparison between different stages of COPD and HC.ResultsA total of 20 studies were included in this review, involving a total of 337 HC participants, 511 COPD patients, and 154 AECOPD patients. We observed that no significant differences in alpha diversity between the participant groups, but beta diversity was significantly different in half of the included studies. Compared to HC, Prevotella, Streptococcus, Actinomyces, and Veillonella of oral microbiota in SCOPD were reduced at the genus level. Most studies supported that Haemophilus, Lactobacillus, and Pseudomonas were increased, but Veillonella, Prevotella, Actinomyces, Porphyromonas, and Atopobium were decreased at the genus level in the airway microbiota of SCOPD. However, the abundance of Haemophilus, Lactobacillus and Pseudomonas genera exhibited an increase, whereas Actinomyces and Porphyromonas showed a decrease in the airway microbiota of AECOPD compared to HC. And Lachnospira of intestine microbiota in SCOPD was reduced at the genus level.ConclusionThe majority of published research findings supported that COPD exhibited decreased alpha diversity compared to HC. However, our meta-analysis does not confirm it. In order to further investigate the characteristics and mechanisms of microbiome in the oral-airway- intestine axis of COPD patients, larger-scale and more rigorous studies are needed.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/), identifier CRD42023418726.
The application of Global Trigger Tool in monitoring antineoplastic adverse drug events: a retrospective study
Authors: Liu Yang , Liu Xianjun , Xia Binbin , Chen Jing , Sun Wenfang , Liu Fang , Cheng Hua 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to establish an antineoplastic drugs trigger tool based on Global Trigger Tool (GTT), to examine the performance by detecting adverse drug events (ADEs) in patients with cancer in a Chinese hospital (a retrospective review), and to investigate the factors associating with the occurrence of antineoplastic ADEs.MethodsBased on the triggers recommended by the GTT and those used in domestic and foreign studies and taking into account the scope of biochemical indexes in our hospital, some of them were adjusted. A total of 37 triggers were finally developed. Five hundred medical records of oncology patients discharged in our hospital from 1 June 2020 to 31 May 2021 were randomly selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These records were reviewed retrospectively by antineoplastic drugs trigger tool. The sensitivity and specificity of the triggers were analyzed, as well as the characteristics and risk factors for the occurrence of ADEs.ResultsThirty-three of the 37 triggers had positive trigger, and the sensitivity rate was 91.8% (459/500). For the specificity, the positive predictive value of overall ADEs was 46.0% (715/1556), the detection rate of ADEs was 63.0% (315/500), the rate of ADEs per 100 admissions was 136.0 (95% CI, 124.1–147.9), and the rate of ADEs per 1,000 patient days was 208.33 (95% CI, 201.2–215.5). The top three antineoplastic drugs related to ADEs were antimetabolic drugs (29.1%), plant sources and derivatives (27.1%), and metal platinum drugs (26.3%). The hematologic system was most frequently involved (507 cases, 74.6%), followed by gastrointestinal system (89 cases, 13.1%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the number of combined drugs (OR = 1.14; 95% CI, 1.07–1.22; P &lt; 0.001) and the previous history of adverse drug reaction (ADR) (OR = 0.38; 95% CI, 0.23–0.60; P &lt; 0.001) were the risk factors for ADEs. The length of hospital stay (OR = 0.40; 95% CI, 0.14–1.12; P &lt; 0.05) and the previous history of ADR (OR = 2.18; 95% CI, 1.07–4.45; P &lt; 0.05) were the risk factors for serious adverse drug events (SAE).ConclusionThe established trigger tool could be used to monitor antineoplastic drugs adverse events in patients with tumor effectively but still needs to be optimized. This study may provide some references for further research in order to improve the rationality and safety of antineoplastic medications.
Radiomics analysis for prediction of lymph node metastasis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy based on pretreatment MRI in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer
Authors: Liu Jinjin , Dong Linxiao , Zhang Xiaoxian , Wu Qingxia , Yang Zihan , Zhang Yuejie , Xu Chunmiao , Wu Qingxia , Wang Meiyun 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundThis study aims to develop and validate a pretreatment MRI-based radiomics model to predict lymph node metastasis (LNM) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC).MethodsPatients with LACC who underwent NACT from two centers between 2013 and 2022 were enrolled retrospectively. Based on the lymph node (LN) status determined in the pathology reports after radical hysterectomy, patients were categorized as LN positive or negative. The patients from center 1 were assigned as the training set while those from center 2 formed the validation set. Radiomics features were extracted from pretreatment sagittal T2-weighted imaging (Sag-T2WI), axial diffusion-weighted imaging (Ax-DWI), and the delayed phase of dynamic contrast-enhanced sagittal T1-weighted imaging (Sag-T1C) for each patient. The K-best and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) methods were employed to reduce dimensionality, and the radiomics features strongly associated with LNM were selected and used to construct three single-sequence models. Furthermore, clinical variables were incorporated through multivariate regression analysis and fused with the selected radiomics features to construct the clinical-radiomics combined model. The diagnostic performance of the models was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The clinical utility of the models was evaluated by the area under the ROC curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsA total of 282 patients were included, comprising 171 patients in the training set, and 111 patients in the validation set. Compared to the Sag-T2WI model (AUC, 95%CI, training set, 0.797, 0.722-0.782; validation set, 0.648, 0.521-0.776) and the Sag-T1C model (AUC, 95%CI, training set, 0.802, 0.723-0.882; validation set, 0.630, 0.505-0.756), the Ax-DWI model exhibited the highest diagnostic performance with AUCs of 0.855 (95%CI, 0.791-0.919) in training set, and 0.753 (95%CI, 0.638-0.867) in validation set, respectively. The combined model, integrating selected features from three sequences and FIGO stage, surpassed predictive ability compared to the single-sequence models, with AUC of 0.889 (95%CI, 0.833-0.945) and 0.859 (95%CI, 0.781-0.936) in the training and validation sets, respectively.ConclusionsThe pretreatment MRI-based radiomics model, integrating radiomics features from three sequences and clinical variables, exhibited superior performance in predicting LNM following NACT in patients with LACC.
Association between immune-related adverse events and prognosis in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ma Shixin , Nie He , Wei Chaoyu , Jin Cailong , Wang Lunqing 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundThe emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) provides a variety of options for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). After the application of ICIs, the immune system of patients was highly activated, and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) could occur in some organ systems, and irAEs seemed to be associated with the survival prognosis of patients. Therefore, we evaluated the association between survival outcomes and irAEs in NSCLC patients and conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsWe conducted systematic reviews of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases until December 2021. The forest map was constructed by combining the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). I2 estimated the heterogeneity between studies. A meta-analysis was performed using R 4.2.1 software.ResultsEighteen studies included 4808 patients with advanced NSCLC. In pooled analysis, the occurrence of irAEs was found to be a favorable factor for improved prognosis (PFS: HR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.41-0.55, P &lt;0.01; OS: HR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.42-0.52, P &lt;0.01). In subgroup analyses, cutaneous irAE, gastrointestinal irAE, endocrine irAE and grade ≥3 irAEs were associated with improvements in PFS and OS, but pulmonary and hepatic irAEs were not.ConclusionExisting evidence suggests that the occurrence of irAEs may be a prognostic biomarker for advanced NSCLC. However, further research is needed to explore the prospect of irAEs as a prognostic biomarker in patients undergoing immunotherapy.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPEROFILES/405333_STRATEGY_20240502.pdf, identifier CRD42023405333.
Obstetric Outcomes of Eritrean Immigrants in Switzerland: A Comparative Study
Authors: Erhardt Rahel M. , Jafflin Kristen , Zepro Nejimu , Abongomera Charles , Chernet Afona , Paris Daniel Henry , Merten Sonja 
Published: May 2024

Objectives: This study aims to compare obstetric outcomes between Eritrean and Swiss women in Switzerland, focusing on instrumental or surgical interventions and analgesia use.Methods: The study included data from 45,412 Swiss and 1,132 Eritrean women who gave birth in Swiss hospitals (2019–2022). Mixed-effects logistic regression was used to assess the effect of nationality on mode of delivery and analgesia use and multinomial mixed-effects logistic regression to assess the effect of nationality on mode of delivery in women intended for spontaneous vaginal delivery.Results: Compared with Swiss, Eritrean women had a lower rate of primary C-section (Adj. OR 0.73, 95% CI [0.60, 0.89]) but a higher risk of initially planned vaginal deliveries ending in emergency C-section (RRR 1.31, 95% CI [1.05, 1.63]). Eritrean women were less likely to receive epidural analgesia (Adj. OR 0.53, 95% CI [0.45, 0.62]) and more likely to not receive any analgesia (Adj. OR 1.73, 95% CI [1.52, 1.96]).Conclusion: This study reveals disparities in obstetric care, notably in higher emergency C-section rates and lower analgesia use among Eritrean women. For promoting equitable healthcare practices deeper understanding of obstetrics decision-making is needed.
سلطة السرد في التراث الحكائي العربي كليلة ودمنة تمثيلا
Authors: د. باسم صالح حميد  
Published: May 2024

ﻫﻝ ﻟﻠﺴرد (١) - أﻨﻰ ﻴﻛون – ﺴـﻠطﺔ ؟ وﻫـﻝ ﻟﻠﺴـﺎرد – ﻛﻤـﺎ ﻟﻠﺸـﺎﻋر – ﻤﻴـزة ﻴﻤﺘـﺎز ﺒﻬـﺎ

ﻋـن اﻵﺨـرﻴن ؟ ﻟﻤـﺎذا اﻗﺘـرن اﻟﺴـرد اﻟﺘ ارﺜـﻲ ﺒﻤﺼـﻴر اﻟﺴـﺎرد ٬ ﺒوﺠـودﻩ؟ ﻓﺎﻟﻨﻀـر ﺒـن

اﻟﺤﺎرث اﻟﻤﺘﺄﺜر ﺒﺎﻟﻘﺼص اﻟﻔﺎرﺴﻲ ٬ واﻟﻤؤﺜر ﻓﻲ ﻤﻌﺸر ﻗـرﻴش إﺒـﺎن اﻟـدﻋوة اﻹﺴـﻼﻤﻴﺔ
ﻴﻬـدر رﺴـوﻝ اﷲ  دﻤـﻪ ٬ ﺜـم ﻴُﻘﺘـﻝ إﺜـر ﻤﻌرﻛـﺔ ﺒـدر .(٢) وﺸﻬـر ازد ﺘﻘُﺘـﻝ إذا ﻟـم ﺘﺤـك
ﺤﻛﺎﻴـﺔ : (( ﻓﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﺨﻼص )) (٣) ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤد ﺘﻌﺒﻴرﻫﺎ. وأﺒـو اﻟﻔـﺘﺢ اﻹﺴـﻛﻨدري ﻴﺒﺤـث ﻋـن

وﺠـودﻩ - ﻤﺎدﻴـﺎً واﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴـﺎً – ﻋﺒـر اﻻﺴـﺘﻐﻔﺎﻝ واﻟﺨدﻴﻌـﺔ ٬ وﻴﺒـرر ذﻟـك ﺒﻘوﻟـﻪ ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻤﻘﺎﻤـﺔ
اﻟﻘردﻴﺔ:
Crescere e vivere in plurimi livelli di realtà: il ruolo dell’educazione transdisciplinare nell’età infantile e adolescenziale
Authors: Mancaniello Maria Rita 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Children and adolescents grow up in a hyper-technological society and the question that arises for those involved in educational development is what is happening in the brains of children and adolescents who grow up in virtual and augmented reality and in artificial intelligence. , to understand what reality is for them today and how they can develop a mind capable of relating to the multiple dimensions of reality. The reflection proposes the transdisciplinary approach as essential for understanding the changes of the young generations immersed in technologies, to interpret the new mental forms, the educational needs and what training is necessary for a harmony between real and virtual.
Evolution of Subsonic Shock Waves Associated with Reconnection Jets in Earth’s Magnetotail
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Verheest Frank , Kourakis Ioannis 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Motivated by the signatures of nonlinear electrostatic waves observed by the Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft mission in reconnection jet regions of Earth's magnetotail, we have explored the dynamical features of ion-acoustic shock waves in the magnetotail. In this investigation, we have examined the dynamics and characteristics of ion-acoustic subsonic shock waves in non-Maxwellian space plasma comprising of two counterstreaming ion beams with suprathermal electrons, assumed to follow a kappa (κ) distribution. A reductive perturbation technique has been adopted to establish an evolution equation for small amplitude electrostatic shock structures. Importantly, subsonic waves only exist when the beam velocity exceeds a certain threshold, beyond which supersonic and subsonic waves may coexist. The combined effects of the beam velocity and the non-Maxwellian electron statistics have been analyzed to examine the characteristics of subsonic shock waves. Both symmetric and asymmetric (in relative beam density) models have been considered, leading to distinct possibilities in the evolution of subsonic shock waves. The findings of the investigation will help unfold the relatively unexplored dynamical characteristics of subsonic shock waves that may form and propagate in the magnetosphere.
Predicting the Slowing of Stellar Differential Rotation by Instability-driven Turbulence
Authors: Tripathi B. , Barker A. J. , Fraser A. E. , Terry P. W. , Zweibel E. G. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Differentially rotating stars and planets transport angular momentum (AM) internally due to turbulence at rates that have long been a challenge to predict reliably. We develop a self-consistent saturation theory, using a statistical closure approximation, for hydrodynamic turbulence driven by the axisymmetric Goldreich–Schubert–Fricke instability at the stellar equator with radial differential rotation. This instability arises when fast thermal diffusion eliminates the stabilizing effects of buoyancy forces in a system where a stabilizing entropy gradient dominates over the destabilizing AM gradient. Our turbulence closure invokes a dominant three-wave coupling between pairs of linearly unstable eigenmodes and a near-zero frequency, viscously damped eigenmode that features latitudinal jets. We derive turbulent transport rates of momentum and heat and provide them in analytic forms. Such formulae, free of tunable model parameters, are tested against direct numerical simulations; the comparison shows good agreement. They improve upon prior quasi-linear or “parasitic saturation” models containing a free parameter. Given model correspondences, we also extend this theory to heat and compositional transport for axisymmetric thermohaline-instability-driven turbulence in certain regimes.