bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical significance of positive resection margin for patients with rectal neuroendocrine tumors within 20mm following initial endoscopic resection: A multi-center study
Authors: duan mengping , wang yunhua , liu Zhanzhen , zhou ziwei , Wan Taixuan , xie zhuowei , wang liwei , zhou yebohao , sun qiufeng , Xie hao , lai sicong , Xiao wei , Zheng Haoqi , Zhou Yihang , Zhang Zhihong , Liu Huashan , Lei Dongxu , luo shuanglin , shi Yunxing , Ye Fujin , Huang Liang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The incidence of rectal neuroendocrine tumors (RNETs) has witnessed a significant surge, with a notable proportion being amenable to endoscopic removal. However, the clinical significance of positive resection margin for RNETs patients following endoscopic resection remain unknown, resulting in a lack of consensus regarding the appropriateness of implementing salvage treatment.
Methods
In this large, multicenter, retrospective cohort study, we analyzed the medical records of individuals who underwent endoscopic resection for RNETs and classified them into two groups: the positive resection margin and the negative resection margin group. The overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared among two group. The independent variables were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to predict positive resection margin. Then, the model was established to predict the patients with positive resection margin using multivariate logistic regression.
Results
181 RNETs patients (34.3%) represented positive margin after endoscopic resection. Following a median follow-up period of 72 months, tumor recurrence manifested in 12 out of 527 patients (2.2%) and the presence of positive resection margin was associated with worse DFS. Independent factors correlating with positive resection margin included endoscopic resection method choice, RNETs located in the low rectum, NLR > 4.44 and tumor size exceeding 14.89 mm. A prediction model was therefore established with high predictive accuracy and excellent clinical applicability determined by calibration curves and DCA curve. Among RNETs patients with positive margin following endoscopic resection, implementing salvage treatment was beneficial for improving DFS and salvage endoscopic resection offer equal efficiency compared with salvage radical resection .
Conclusions
Positive resection margin following endoscopic resection may indicate negative prognosis. Salvage treatment can improve the prognosis of RNETs patients with positive resection margin. Notably, salvage local resection exhibited similar efficacy compared with radical surgery in term of survival benefit.
Post-dural puncture headache: a comparative study of 22- and 25-gauge Quincke needles for caesarean sections in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital in Karbala
Authors: Hussain Mohammed 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective
To compare the frequency and severity of post dural puncture headache in obstetric patients using 22G Quincke, 25G Quincke.
Design:
Comparative, randomized, interventional study.
Place and Duration of Study:
In Karbala Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital and Al Hassan Al-Mojtaba Teaching Hospital from January 2024 to March 2024.
Methods
We included 62 female patients categorized as ASA I (normal healthy patients) and ASA II (patients with mild systemic disease), all of whom were full-term pregnant women, 18 to 45 years of age, scheduled for elective Caesarean section, under spinal anesthesia, were randomized into two groups: Group I (22G Quincke spinal needle: n = 31), Group II (25G Quincke spinal needle: n = 31). Spinal anesthesia was performed with 2.5–3.5 ml 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine using 22G Quincke spinal needle (Group I), 25G Quincke spinal needle (Group II) at L3-4 inter-vertebral space. Each patient was assessed daily for three consecutive days following Caesarean section. Frequency and severity of post dural puncture headache (PDPH) was recorded.
Results
Frequency of PDPH following the use of 22G Quincke (Group I), 25G Quincke (Group II) was 67.7% (21/31), 25.8% (8/31) respectively. In Group I, PDPH was mild in 2 patients, moderate in 5 patients and severe in 14 patients. In Group II, it was mild in 4, moderate in 2 and severe in 2 patients. Most of the patients with PDPH developed it on the 1st and 2nd postoperative day.
Conclusion
When using a 25G Quincke spinal needle, the frequency and severity of PDPH was significantly lower than when a 22G Quincke needle was used.
Treatment outcome of nephrotic syndrome and associated factors among Children at Public Specialized Hospitals of Bahir Dar City, northwest, Ethiopia: Retrospective study design
Authors: Tilahun Lalem , Kebede Awoke , Ayalew Yeneneh , Gessesse Abraham Dessie , Kebede Ayenew Genet 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Nephrotic syndrome is the second most common glomerular disorder in children, with a generally favorable clinical outcome. It accounts for 26.1% of all renal disorders in developing countries. However, in low-resource nations like Ethiopia, treatment outcomes are worsening and leading to end-stage renal diseases. Despite this burden, there is limited research on the treatment outcomes of nephrotic syndrome and the associated factors inchildren.
Objective
The aim of this study was to assess the treatment outcomes of nephrotic syndrome and the associated factors among children at specialized hospitals in Bahir Dar, in Northwest Ethiopia.
Methods
A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at comprehensive specialized hospitals in Bahir Dar from November 1, 2019 to December 30, 2022. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the study subjects. Data were extracted from patient charts using a data extraction checklist. The data were entered into Epi-data version 4.6.0.2, and the statistical package for social science version 25 was used for analysis. Model goodness-of-fit was assessed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test. Variables with a p-value < 0.25 in the bivariate analysis were entered into the multivariable analysis using the backward method. The strength of the association was measured using adjusted odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval, and a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The results were presented in the form of text, tables, and graphs.
Results
The final study included 297 nephrotic syndrome charts, with a response rate of 97.1%. The poor outcomes of nephrotic syndrome were found to be 10.77% (95% CI: 7.4%-14.5%). Decreased urine output [AOR: 2.9 (95% CI: 1.02–8.23)], sex [AOR: 3.42 (95% CI: 1.09–10.69)], and serum albumin level < 1.5 mg/dl [AOR: 7.34 (95% CI: 2.53–21.30)] were factors associated with poor outcomes in pediatric patients with nephrotic syndrome.
Conclusion
The poor outcomes of nephrotic syndrome are significant. Sex, decreased urine output, and serum albumin level < 1.5 mg/dl were significantly associated with poor treatment outcomes in nephrotic syndrome patients. This study recommends conducting another prospective follow-up study.
The use of cannabidiol as a treatment for quantitative seizures reduction in pharmacoresistant epilepsy, a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors: de Oliveira Vinícius Gabino , de Almeida Natália Brito , Radmann Guilherme Correa , Santos Bruno Fernandes de Oliveira 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Epilepsy is a neurological syndrome, caused by an excess of neuronal discharges due to various etiologies with varying degrees of success in treatment. Currently, a part of the population is pharmacoresistant to the traditional treatment, justifying the search for additional options. One of these alternatives is the cannabidiol - a non-psychoactive component of Cannabis Sativa, with an already tried efficacy, but still needing more studies to quantify this efficacy Objectives: Gather and analyze efficacy findings of the use of cannabidiol in pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Methodology: This literature systematic review was made following the PRISMA protocol guidelines. The Google Scholar, Scielo, and PubMed/MEDLINE databases were included. Using the descriptors "Cannabidiol," "Epilepsy," and "Drug Resistant Epilepsy.". This research was registered in the Prospero platform with the identification: CRD42024479643. Results: 1448 results were found in the PubMed, Virtual Health Library, and Google Scholar databases. 06 studies met the criteria for full-text evaluation and eligibility. Compiled analysis showed that the total number of seizures in patients who received cannabidiol demonstrated a reduction of 41.0875% compared to patients in placebo groups who had an average percentage reduction of 18.1%, a 127% higher response for patients who received the intervention. Conclusion: Given these results, it is possible to conclude that the therapeutic response of cannabidiol is worthy of consideration in new protocols and of being added to public healthcare systems for its antiepileptic potential; however, the high efficacy rate of the placebo group suggests that other methods of data collection analysis may be employed
Is The Cephalalgia Associated With The Use Of Oral Isotretinoin Related To Increased Intracranial Pressure?
Authors: Shafiyev Javid , Gahramanov Irfan , Mammadov Tabriz 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective: Although there are studies on the neurological side effects of isotretinoin, the character of headache associated with this medication and its relationship with intracranial hypertension remain poorly elucidated in the literature. The aim of this study is to determine the characteristics of headache in patients developing headache associated with isotretinoin use and whether it is associated with intracranial hypertension.
Materials and Methods: A single-center, prospective patient registry study was conducted Between September 2022 and September 2023. Inclusion criteria comprised the absence of any prior primary or secondary diagnosis of headache, the onset of headache within the first 3 months after the initiation of treatment, being 18 years or older, not having any medical conditions that could lead to increased intracranial pressure, and not using any medical treatment that could cause headaches. Exclusion criteria: Being under 18 years of age, being under follow-up for any diagnosed headache, and having papilledema findings during the examination before starting treatment. The dataset encompasses information on the medication dosage, duration of usage, the day the headache occurred, the attributes of the headache, and the findings from the fundus examinationand MRI.
Results: A total of 250 patients were evaluated. 65 (%26) patients, who developed headache after medication and met the inclusion criteria, were included in the study. Among the participants who continued to engage in the study, 45 (%61) were female, and 20 (%39) were male, with an average age of 22 (1.8) years. ,The average isotretinoin dosage used by patients with headaches was 34.4 (8.4) mg. Statistically significant higher occurrence of compressive-type headaches was observed when analyzed according to the headache character. In terms of localization, statistically significant differences were noted in the cases of bilateral headaches(P<0.05). However, no significant difference was detected among patients in terms of papilledema and MRI findings (P>0.05).
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that headache developing in patients using oral isotretinoin is predominantly of a continuous compressive bilateral nature, yet it is not associated with signs of increased intracranial pressure.
Plant Disease Detection Using Deep-Learning
Authors: Reddy Sai Swaroop , Khan Iklash , M Kanchana 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Increasing demands for food security and sustainable agriculture have spurred the development of innovative technologies in the agricultural sector. This initiative aims to tackle the pressing concern of plant diseases through the implementation of cutting-edge deep learning methodologies to ensure precise and effective disease identification. By harnessing the potential of deep neural networks, the system conducts an analysis of plant leaf images in order to detect indications and manifestations of diseases. By delivering a scalable, automated, and accurate solution, this novel strategy intends to destroy conventional plant disease detection techniques. By training a deep-learning model on a heterogeneous dataset of plant images, the project acquires knowledge of intricate patterns and characteristics that are linked to a multitude of diseases. By incorporating convolutional neural networks (CNNs), the model is capable of deriving hierarchical representations from input images, which aids in the intricate differentiation between diseased and healthy plant tissues. The potential of this technology's implementation in early disease detection is substantial; it would enable farmers to promptly execute interventions that prevent the transmission of infections, thereby ultimately enhancing crop productivity and promoting sustainability. By integrating state-of-the-art deep learning techniques with agricultural science, this endeavor tackles a pivotal facet of worldwide food production. In addition to facilitating the rapid identification of maladies, the plant disease detection system under consideration lays the groundwork for the future advancement of intelligent agricultural systems. The effective incorporation of technology in the agricultural sector serves as a noteworthy milestone in the progression towards precision farming, which guarantees the health of commodities and promotes sustainable methodologies that benefit both farmers and the global populace at large.
Power Xgamma Distribution: Properties, Estimation, Regression, Simulation and Applications
Authors: Obulezi Okechukwu , Etaga Harrison O. , Ibeakuzie Precious O. , Alghamdi Fatimah M. , Aljohani Hassan M. , Kilai Mutua S. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In this study, an extension of XGamma distribution has been proposed and studied. The extension has an additional parameter accounting for the shape of the distribution. The properties of the proposed distribution were derived and discussed. The estimation of the parameters was done using the maximum likelihood method. The study's uniqueness is in developing a parametric regression model capable of competing with the classical regression model and also useful in the face of censored data. The applicability and flexibility were demonstrated using simulation studies and some lifetime data.
How are we training future doctors and nurses in compassionate care? Training contents and practices in a school of health sciences.
Authors: Guzmán Maria Camila , Villegas Claudia Elena , Castañeda Hellen Lucia , García Martha , Krikorian Alicia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction. Health sciences education provides comprehensive training in biomedical competencies and the development of the individual for professional practice. However, it often focuses on clinical competencies. There is a pressing need for more meaningful integration of training in compassionate care throughout the curriculum. The objective of this study was to identify the contents and teaching, learning, and assessment practices related to compassionate care in the medicine and nursing programs of a private university.
Method. A descriptive and observational mixed-methods approach was conducted in 2022. First, a review of curriculum contents in the syllabi from the medicine and nursing programs was conducted to identify those pertaining to compassionate care; then, a survey was administered to teachers, students, and graduates of the SHS, to explore curriculum contents related to compassionate care, organized into three axes: communication and therapeutic relationship, teamwork, and self-care. Finally, focus group discussions were held to delve deeper into these aspects. This paper describes the results of the data from the programs' syllabi and surveys.
Results. Both programs explicitly and implicitly offer some form of training in compassionate care. Training in compassionate care is limited and often hidden in medicine, while in nursing, it tends to be more abundant and explicit. Training primarily focuses on communication skills and therapeutic relationships, with less emphasis on teamwork and virtually no attention given to self-care. The most used methodologies are lectures, clinical cases, and rounds or clinical practices. Evaluation is carried out through summative and formative strategies, commonly through written exams featuring |both closed and open-ended questions.
Conclusions. Strengths and areas for improvement are identified: the importance of formalizing and balancing contents related to compassionate care, employing more participatory and experiential teaching-learning methodologies, and emphasizing structured evaluation processes. This study provides evidence for further programs willing to improve compassionate care.
Iron deficiency therapy in pregnant women: advantages and new possibilities of iron carboxymaltose
Authors: Vinogradova M. A. , Serebriyskaya D. S. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Impact of iron deficiency on pregnancy outcomes appears an urgent issue despite generally accepted standards of therapy. Iron needs increase during pregnancy and manifestations of its deficiency reduce QoL in pregnant women and worsen newborn health. Ferric carboxymaltose helps overcome iron deficiency in a quick and efficient manner from the 2nd trimester.Aim. To analyse the results of ferric carboxymaltose therapy of iron deficiency conditions in pregnant women.Materials and methods. In this article we presented our own experience in providing ferric carboxymaltose therapy to treat iron deficiency in 152 pregnant women from the 2nd trimester.Results and discussion. Correction of anaemic syndrome was observed in more than 73.3% (up to 93.3% depending on the severity of primary anaemia) as early as the first week after administration of ferric carboxymaltose. Haemoglobin and ferritin levels at 3 week post-infusion were significantly higher than pre-infusion levels (p < 0.001). Improvement of haemoglobin levels at 6 weeks after initiation of therapy was achieved in all women with mild anaemia and in 98.5% of women with severe anaemia. No definite severe hypersensitivity reactions were detected. The overall incidence of side effects was 10.5%, with headache being the most frequently reported type (7.9%). All pregnancies resulted in a live birth without malformations; the rate of preterm birth was 9.5%.Conclusion. Ferric carboxymaltose is an effective drug to quickly correct iron deficiency in pregnant women with a minimum number of adverse reactions and without negative impact on newborn health.
Prevalência de sinais e sintomas mentais e físicos em profissionais de saúde no auge da Covid-19: Metanálise
Authors: Malaquias Tatiana da Silva Melo , Gomes Jhonny Richard de Melo , Okubo Caroline Vieira Cláudio , Aroni Patricia , Ferrari Rosangela Aparecida Pimenta , Silveira Renata Cristina de Campos Pereira , Yamamura Mellina , Haddad Maria do Carmo Fernandez Lourenço 
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar sistematicamente a prevalência de sinais e sintomas mentais e físicos sobre os profissionais de saúde que prestaram assistência direta à pacientes com COVID-19 no auge da pandemia. Método: Revisão sistemática da literatura e metanálise, baseada nas recomendações do Joanna Briggs Institute, realizada em onze bases de dados. Na metanálise considerou-se o modelo de efeito randômico. Resultados: Foram incluídos 77 estudos, totalizando 31.727 profissionais de saúde. Dos sinais e sintomas mentais, identificaram-se as seguintes prevalências: ansiedade 56% (IC 95%= 44 à 67%, p<0,005), depressão 48% (IC 95%=40 a 57%, p<0,01), estresse 60% (IC 95%=47 a 73%, p<0,01), insônia 54% (IC 95%=42 a 65%, p<0,05), transtorno do estresse pós-traumático 32% (IC=95% 20% a 46%, p<0,01), síndrome de burnout 42% (IC = 95% 34% a 50%, p<0,01). Dos sinais e sintomas físicos prevaleceram as lesões de pele relacionadas ao uso prolongado de equipamentos de proteção individual e maior frequência da lavagem das mãos e utilização de álcool em gel. Conclusão: Os profissionais de saúde que cuidaram de pacientes com a Doença do Coronavírus 2019 no pico da pandemia apresentaram prevalência expressiva de sinais e sintomas mentais e físicos, evidenciando a necessidade de assegurar condições de saúde e de trabalho adequadas.
Automatic Optic Nerve Assessment From Transorbital Ultrasound Images: ADeep Learning-based Approach
Authors: Xiao Youping 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Transorbital Ultrasonography (TOS) is a promising imaging technology that can be used to characterize the structures of the optic nerve and the
potential alterations that may occur in those structures as a result of an increase in intracranial pressure (ICP) or the presence of other disorders
such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and hydrocephalus.

Objective:
In this paper, the primary objective is to develop a fully automated system that is capable of segmenting and calculating the diameters of structures
that are associated with the optic nerve in TOS images. These structures include the optic nerve diameter sheath (ONSD) and the optic nerve
diameter (OND).

Methods:
A fully convolutional neural network (FCN) model that has been pre-trained serves as the foundation for the segmentation method. The method
that was developed was utilized to collect 464 different photographs from 110 different people, and it was accomplished with the assistance of four
distinct pieces of apparatus.

Results:
An examination was carried out to compare the outcomes of the automatic measurements with those of a manual operator. Both OND and ONSD have a typical inaccuracy of -0.12 0.32 mm and 0.14 0.58 mm, respectively, when compared to the operator. The Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) for OND is 0.71, while the coefficient for ONSD is 0.64, showing that there is a positive link between the two measuring tools

Conclusion:
A conclusion may be drawn that the technique that was developed is automatic, and the average error (AE) that was reached for the ONSD
measurement is compatible with the ranges of inter-operator variability that have been discovered in the literature.