bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtual collaboration in knowledge work: from vision to reality
Authors: Pyöriä Pasi 
Published: October 2009

PurposeThis paper aims to serve as a reminder that all work arrangements, including the present case of distributed work, have their costs and benefits.Design/methodology/approachIn addition to a literature review, the paper presents empirical evidence from two case organizations in the field of technology industries and knowledge‐intensive business services.FindingsIn contrast to common assertions in the theoretical literature, distributed work is not always an outcome of technological advancement or a proactive choice blessed by management, but often a necessity dictated by the competition or customers. In the case companies here, a distributed organizational structure was recognized as a necessary compromise, although the associated costs gave cause for some concern. Rather than virtual cooperation, the knowledge workers interviewed valued opportunities for face‐to‐face interaction and informal contact and networking. Nonetheless the benefits of distributed work were thought to outweigh its potential costs.Originality/valueRegionally distributed work involves many similar problems as traditional telework from home. To avoid potential risks, partial work distribution is advisable to most organizations.
Islamic work ethic among Arab college students in Israel
Authors: Khalil Mahmood , Abu‐Saad Ismael 
Published: October 2009

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to investigate the Islamic work ethic (IWE) and individualism among Arab college students in Israel, who represent an ethnic and religious minority in a western‐oriented state.Design/methodology/approachThe participants included 837 male and female Arab college students from an academic and a technical college in northern Israel. Most participants (64 percent) were Academic college students. Two measures were used: the IWE and individualism scales developed by Ali. Correlation analysis and two‐way multivariate analysis were used to analyze the data.FindingsThere was a strong and highly significant correlation between the IWE and individualism scales. Academic college students scored significantly higher than technical college students on both scales. There were significant interactions between gender and marital status, and college type and year of studies, on the scales.Practical implicationsWithin the multi‐cultural context of Arab college students in Israel, the IWE and individualism scales emerged as reliable, practical measures for understanding the work‐related values of Arab college students in Israel.Originality/valueThis study is the first in the published literature to use the IWE and individualism scales among Arab students who were not raised in a homogeneous Islamic cultural context. Although the Arab minority in Israel is exposed to Israeli and Western, as well as Islamic, cultural and organizational influences, IWE scale proved to be highly reliable for this population. The IWE and individualism scales, used together, were uniquely effective for capturing the many nuances of work‐related values in this complex, multi‐cultural context.
Does meaning‐making help during organizational change?
Authors: van den Heuvel Machteld , Demerouti Evangelia , Schreurs Bert H.J. , Bakker Arnold B. , Schaufeli Wilmar B. 
Published: October 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is first, to test the validity of a new scale measuring the construct of meaning‐making, defined as the ability to integrate challenging or ambiguous situations into a framework of personal meaning using conscious, value‐based reflection. Second, to explore whether meaning‐making is distinct from other personal resources (self‐efficacy, optimism, mastery, meaning in life), and coping (positive reinterpretation, acceptance). Third, to explore whether meaning‐making facilitates work engagement, willingness to change, and performance during organizational change.Design/methodology/approachCross‐sectional survey‐data were collected from 238 employees in a variety of both public and private organizations.FindingsConfirmatory factor analyses showed that meaning‐making can be distinguished from other personal resources, coping and meaning in life. Regression analyses showed that meaning‐making is positively related to in‐role performance and willingness to change, but not to work engagement, thereby partly supporting the hypotheses.Originality/valueThe paper focuses on meaning‐making that has not yet been studied empirically in organizational change settings. It shows that the new construct of psychological meaning‐making is related to valuable employee outcomes including in‐role performance and willingness to change. Meaning‐making explains variance over and above other personal resources such as self‐efficacy, optimism, mastery, coping and meaning in life.
What do higher education management and administration expect of library benchmarking?
Authors: Wimmer Ulla 
Published: October 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report on the results of a workshop held to discover the performance measurement requirements deemed to be necessary by the management of higher education establishments and state authorities in Germany.Design/methodology/approachA workshop is held with representatives of university directorates and their libraries, members of the ministries for research and higher education at state level, experts on performance measurement for libraries, and representatives of the German Library association and BIX management.FindingsThe workshop provides answers regarding which issues a benchmarking system should cover, and what functional requirements the system should meet.Practical implicationsAn agreed set of new performance measures is defined and agreed to be put into practice in the near future.Originality/valueThe workshop allows collaboration between the libraries who helped develop the BIX Library Index, and the HE authorities whose needs were fundamentally different, to reach common ground and understanding for data sets and metrics required for the future.
“Breaking taboos”
Authors: Johanson Ulf , Koga Chitoshi , Almqvist Roland , Skoog Matti 
Published: October 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to highlight how, and why, some small and medium‐sized high‐tech Japanese firms apply and assess the “intellectual asset‐based management” (IAbM) guidelines issued by the Japanese Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry in October 2005.Design/methodology/approachThis is an interpretive case study linking semi‐structured interview and document data from four Japanese firms that have issued IAbM reports containing ideas about the processes of creating knowledge and routines in their organizations.FindingsThe findings indicate that the firms studied essentially follow the guidelines, although pinpointing how this affects their internal management is difficult. The IAbM report is primarily used for external communication, with the capital market and with existing and potential customers.Practical implicationsThe practical implications found in this paper relate mainly to the four challenges found already in research by Johanson, i.e. uniqueness versus comparability, confidentiality versus accountability, market communication and management control.Originality/valueThe unique features of this paper are found mainly in the empirical parts, where the guidelines and the sample of small and medium‐sized Japanese firms form an interesting and seldom used empirical point of departure. The findings concerning actual use and interpretation of a guideline could also, of course, be regarded as a distinctive aspect of this paper.
Using intellectual capital management for facilitating organizational change
Authors: Lönnqvist Antti , Kianto Aino , Sillanpää Virpi 
Published: October 2009

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the role of intellectual capital (IC) management in an organizational change process. The purpose is to obtain new empirical findings and an enhanced understanding of the role of IC in an organizational change process is obtained.Design/methodology/approachFirst, the existing literature on change management and IC management is reviewed. Then, empirical research is carried out in terms of an action research project on IC development processes in three case companies. These processes and their outcomes are evaluated using interviews.FindingsAn IC model can be a useful tool for change management as it helps to ensure the alignment of the change content with the strategic goals of the organization.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is based on applying the Danish IC management model in Finnish companies. Different results might have been obtained if another IC management model had been used or the companies representing other countries and cultures had been selected.Practical implicationsThe paper demonstrates that IC tools can be useful for promoting organizational change processes. However, more important than the specific conceptual model or measurement method chosen seems to be the process of organizational representatives connecting their contextual and idiosyncratic understandings to the model.Originality/valueThis paper makes a contribution to the existing knowledge by reporting and critically evaluating the implementation of dynamic IC management practices. This is a contribution to the existing conceptually oriented literature on the topic. In addition, the analysis of empirical IC management projects applied in a change context has novelty value.
A Chinese style of HRM: exploring the ancient texts
Authors: Zheng Connie , Lamond David 
Published: October 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the relevant sayings and stories of the ancient Chinese sages in relation to the style of Chinese human resource management (HRM).Design/methodology/approachRelated texts generated from the quotations and stories from four Chinese sages, Guanzi, Hanfeizi, Xunzi and Yanzi, were translated and analyzed and their thinking regarding ruling the state and managing the people was discussed in line with the thoughts from the mainstream and modern Western management gurus such as Warren Bennis, Peter Drucker, Mary Parker Follett, Douglas McGregor, Rosabeth Moss Kanter, Elton Mayo and Jeffrey Pfeffer.FindingsIt was found that there were striking similarities in thoughts and call for actions to address key issues in HRM by both old and contemporary, east and west thinkers across 2,500 years. The main concerns are to select the right leaders and managers and recruit the right people; create attractive organisational culture and environments that promote a participative management approach to encourage, empower and engage employees to achieve desirable outcomes; uphold the people‐centred management principles; and focus on designing reward schemes that emphasise service and contribution instead of position and profits.Originality/valueThere is much to be learned from the past to address the present people management issues among modern organisations both inside China and perhaps from other parts of the world. It was as difficult to take seriously the principles‐based ruling and management approaches in ancient times as it is today. However, if these principles had been put into practice, the world would have had fewer of the corporate corruption scandals and less of the mischievous behaviour in the state that are manifested in today's society, but more productive population, effective organisations, ethical governments and harmonious environment; hence less global human suffering.
Detrital zircon geochronology and its provenance implications: responses to Jurassic through Neogene basin‐range interactions along northern margin of the Tarim Basin, Northwest China
Authors: Li Zhong , Peng Shoutao 
Published: October 2009

ABSTRACTPreviously published research from the Kuqa Subbasin along northern margin of the Tarim Basin shows five tectonic‐depositional phases from Triassic to Neogene time. In order to reveal additional detailed information on the nature of provenance terrains and tectonic attributes since late Mesozoic time, five typical sandstone samples from Jurassic–Neogene strata were collected for U–Pb dating of detrital zircons. Geochronological constitution of detrital zircons of the Middle Jurassic sample is essentially unimodal and indicates major contributions from the South Tian Shan even Yili–Central Tian Shan, wherein most 370–450 Ma zircons probably resulted from tectonic accretion events between the Yili–Central Tian Shan block and South Tian Shan Ocean during Silurian and Devonian time, with sandstone provenance tectonic attributes of passive continental margin. The Lower Cretaceous sample shows a complicated provenance detrital zircon signature, with new peak ages of 290–330 Ma as well as 370(or 350)–450 Ma showing evident arc orogenic provenance tectonic attribute, probably reflecting a new provenance supply that resulted from denudation process whthin the South Tian Shan and South Tian Shan suture. There are no obvious changes within age probability spectra of detrital zircons between the Cretaceous and early Paleogene samples, which suggests that similar provenance types and basin‐range framework continued from Cretaceous to Early Paleogene time. However, unlike the Cretaceous and early Paleogene samples, an age spectra of the Miocene sample is relatively unimodal and similar to that of the Pliocene sample, with peak ages ranging between ∼392 and ∼458 Ma older than the comparable provenance ages (peak ages about 370–450 Ma) of the Middle Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous samples. Therefore, we conclude that the South Tian Shan was rapidly exhumated and the southern South Tian Shan had become the main source of clastics for the Kuqa Subbasin since the Miocene epoch.
Thyroid function and morphology in subjects with microdeletion of chromosome 22q11 (del(22)(q11))
Authors: Stagi Stefano , Lapi Elisabetta , Gambineri Eleonora , Salti Roberto , Genuardi Maurizio , Colarusso Gloria , Conti Camilla , Jenuso Rita , Chiarelli Francesco , Azzari Chiara , De Martino Maurizio 
Published: October 2009

SummaryIntroduction  Monoallelic microdeletion of chromosome 22q11 (22q11DS) is considered to be the commonest human microdeletion syndrome. Abnormalities of thyroid function are sporadically reported in this syndrome, but very few studies have specifically assessed this issue, and thyroid morphology has not been systematically studied.Design  To evaluate the prevalence of abnormalities of thyroid function and morphology in a cohort of paediatric and adult patients with 22q11DS.Methods  Thirty patients with 22q11DS (median age 9·7, range 1·5–43·9 years) were studied. In all subjects, serum free‐T3, free‐T4, TSH, thyroperoxidase, thyroglobulin, and TSHr auto‐antibodies, as well as thyroid ultrasonographic data, were evaluated and compared with age‐ and sex‐matched healthy control groups, for paediatric and adult patients.Results  Fourteen (46·6%) patients showed thyroid hypoplasia involving the entire gland. In all the patients, the volume of the left lobe of the thyroid was significantly reduced (P < 0·01). Among the subjects with thyroid hypoplasia, 10 out of 14 (71%) showed a concomitant heart malformation, a condition that was present in five (31%) of the subjects with a normal thyroid volume (P < 0·05). Seven (23·3%) cases of subclinical hypothyroidism and one (3·3%) case of overt hypothyroidism were identified. Three (10%) patients were positive for thyroid auto‐antibodies. Of the patients with overt and subclinical hypothyroidism, five out of eight (62·5%) patients showed thyroid hypoplasia.Conclusions  This study confirms the presence of alterations of thyroid function in 22q11DS, and also suggests a frequent occurrence of abnormalities in thyroid morphology in these subjects. Patients with 22q11DS should be monitored for thyroid function, and thyroid ultrasound screening should be considered, especially in those patients with changes in thyroid function or congenital heart malformations. The possible relationship between developmental abnormalities in the heart and the thyroid gland should be confirmed.
Interacting effects of management and environmental variability at multiple scales on invasive species distributions
Authors: Diez Jeffrey M. , Buckley Hannah L. , Case Bradley S. , Harsch Melanie A. , Sciligo Amber R. , Wangen Steven R. , Duncan Richard P. 
Published: October 2009

Summary 1. The distribution and abundance of invasive species can be driven by both environmental variables and land management decisions. However, understanding these relationships can be complicated by interactions between management actions and environmental variability, and differences in scale among these variables. The resulting ‘context‐dependence’ of management actions may be well‐appreciated by ecologists and land managers, but can frustrate attempts to apply general management principles. 2. In this study, we quantify the effects of land management and environmental variability at different scales on the occurrence and abundance of Hieracium pilosella, a major agricultural weed in New Zealand. We used a hierarchical study design and analysis to capture relevant scales of variation in management actions and environmental heterogeneity, and test hypotheses about how these factors interact. 3. We show that fertilizing and grazing interact with environmental gradients at the scale of management application (farm paddocks) to influence the establishment and local abundance of H. pilosella. 4. We further show that H. pilosella’s relationships with fine‐scale abiotic and biotic factors are consistent with expected mechanisms driven by larger‐scale management actions. Using data on occurrence and local abundance, we tease apart which factors are important to establishment and subsequent local spread. 5.
Synthesis and applications. A major challenge for environmental scientists is to predict how invasive species may respond to ongoing landscape modifications and environmental change. This effort will require approaches to study design and analysis that can accommodate complexities such as interacting management and environmental variables at different scales. Management actions will be more likely to succeed when they explicitly account for variation in environmental context.
Gender difference of association between LDL cholesterol concentrations and mortality from coronary heart disease amongst Japanese: the Ibaraki Prefectural Health Study
Authors: Noda H. , Iso H. , Irie F. , Sairenchi T. , Ohtaka E. , Ohta H. 
Published: October 2009

Abstract.  Noda H, Iso H, Irie F, Sairenchi T, Ohtaka E, Ohta H (Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Harvard School of Public Health, Cambridge, MA, USA; Ibaraki Prefectural Office, Ibaraki; Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi; Ibaraki Health Service Association, Ibaraki; Japan). Gender difference of association between LDL cholesterol concentrations and mortality from coronary heart disease amongst Japanese: the Ibaraki Prefectural Health Study. J Intern Med 2010; 267:576–587.Objective.  The aim of this study was to examine whether LDL cholesterol raises the risk of coronary heart disease in a dose–response fashion in a population with low LDL‐cholesterol levels.Design.  Population‐based prospective cohort study in Japan.Subjects and main outcome measures.  A total of 30 802 men and 60 417 women, aged 40 to 79 years with no history of stroke or coronary heart disease, completed a baseline risk factor survey in 1993. Systematic mortality surveillance was performed through 2003 and 539 coronary heart disease deaths were identified.Results.  The mean values for LDL‐cholesterol were 110.5 mg dL−1 (2.86 mmol L−1) for men and 123.9 mg dL−1 (3.20 mmol L−1) for women. Men with LDL‐cholesterol ≥140 mg dL−1 (≥3.62 mmol L−1) had two‐fold higher age‐adjusted risk of mortality from coronary heart disease than did those with LDL‐cholesterol <80 mg dL−1 (<2.06 mmol L−1), whereas no such association for women was found. The multivariable hazard ratio for the highest versus lowest categories of LDL‐cholesterol was 2.06 (95 percent confidence interval: 1.34 to 3.17) for men and 1.16 (0.64 to 2.12) for women.Conclusion.  Higher concentrations of LDL‐cholesterol were associated with an increased risk of mortality from coronary heart disease for men, but not for women, in a low cholesterol population.
Determining the negative predictive value of provocation tests with beta‐lactams
Authors: Demoly P. , Romano A. , Botelho C. , Bousquet‐Rouanet L. , Gaeta F. , Silva R. , Rumi G. , Rodrigues Cernadas J. , Bousquet P. J. 
Published: October 2009

To cite this article: Demoly P, Romano A, Botelho C, Bousquet‐Rouanet L, Gaeta F, Silva R, Rumi G, Rodrigues Cernadas J, Bousquet PJ. Determining the negative predictive value of provocation tests with beta‐lactams. Allergy 2010; 65: 327–332.AbstractBackground:  The beta‐lactam allergic work‐up is mostly standardized. However, the negative predictive value of drug provocation tests is not yet well established.Method:  A historical‐prospective multicentre cohort study was conducted in four centres (one in France, one in Portugal, two in Italy) to assess the negative predictive value of provocation tests with beta‐lactams in patients initially tested for a suspicion of drug allergy/hypersensitivity. Patients were contacted at least 6 months after the work‐up, between 2003 and 2007. A new allergic work‐up was proposed to reacting patients.Results:  Among the 457 patients included, 365 (79.9%) were followed up (159 [79.1%] from France, 153 [82.7%] from Italy and 53 [74.6%] from Portugal). Only 118 (25.8%) were re‐exposed to the negatively tested beta‐lactam. Nine (7.6%) reported a non‐immediate (occurring more than 1 h after drug administration) reaction: five urticaria, three exanthema and one undefined cutaneous reaction. None were severe. Only four accepted a re‐challenge, negative in two cases and positive in the two others. The negative predictive value was 94.1% (89.8–98.3) (111 out of 118 patients).Conclusion:  Although the negative predictive value of drug provocation tests may not be 100%, none of the false negative patients experienced a life‐threatening reaction. This should reassure doctors who might hesitate to prescribe beta‐lactams, even in patients with negative allergic work‐ups.
The ontogeny of cross‐sex genetic correlations: an analysis of patterns
Authors: POISSANT J. , COLTMAN D. W. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe independent evolution of males and females is typically constrained by shared genetic variance. Despite substantial research, we still know little about the evolution of cross‐sex genetic covariance and its standardized measure, the cross‐sex genetic correlation (rMF). In particular, it is unclear if rMF tend to vary with age. We compiled 28 traits for which ontogenetic trends in rMF were documented. Decreases in rMF with age were observed significantly more often than increases and the mean effect size for the relationship between rMF and age was large and negative. This suggests that sexual dimorphism (SD) may typically evolve more readily for phenotypes expressed later in ontogeny and that evolutionary inferences related to the evolution of SD should be limited to the ontogenetic stage at which rMF was estimated. Knowledge about ontogenetic variation in rMF should help improving our understanding of evolutionary patterns related to SD and the resolution of intralocus sexual conflicts.