bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radionuclide assessment of left ventricular performance on exercise after external conduit operation
Authors: SUDA KENJI , IWATANI HAJIME , MORI CHUZO , HIROTA HAMAO , OUCHI HIDEO , ONO YASUO , KOHATA TOHRU , KAMIYA TETSUROU , YAGIHARA TOSHIKATSU , NISHIMURA TSUNEHIKO , TAKAMIYA MAKOTO 
Published: January 2011

AbstractOnly limited information is available concerning left ventricular (LV) response to exercise after an external conduit operation for cyanotic congenital heart disease. Sixteen patients who had undergone external conduit repair (EC group) were studied with multi‐gated cardiac pool imaging using a supine bicycle ergometer on 20 occasions. Six patients with a history of Kawasaki disease without coronary artery stenosis served as controls (control group). Myocardial imaging and cardiac catheterization were also performed in the EC group.There was no significant difference in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at rest between the groups. However, on exercise, LVEF of the EC group was significantly lower than that of the control group.Nine patients in the EC group showed a perfusion defect (PD) on 12 occasions. LVEF on exercise of the patients with PD was significantly lower than that of the patients without PD. Furthermore, only the patients with PD showed a LVEF decrease of 5% or more in response to exercise.In the EC group, a significant inverse relationship was demonstrated between right ventricular systolic pressure (RVP) and LVEF response to exercise. However, two out of four patients who underwent external conduit replacement improved their LVEF response to exercise with successful reduction of RVP.These findings indicate that an impaired left ventricular response to exercise was common in patients after external conduit operations. Myocardial damage and right ventricular outflow tract obstruction could be the causes of this left ventricular dysfunction.
Serum lipoprotein(a) in healthy Japanese children 5 years of age
Authors: OHJI TARO , CHIBA KOUICHI , KOHRI TAKEO , YAMAGISHI MINORU 
Published: January 2011

AbstractSerum lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] concentrations were investigated in 155 Japanese children aged 5 years. The frequency distribution of Lp(a) concentrations was highly skewed and ranged from 1 to 109 mg/dL. The mean and median values of Lp(a) were 16.5 mg/dL (s.d. 17.3 mg/dL) and 12 mg/dL. The incidence of Lp(a) concentrations ≥30 mg/dL was significantly high in children with total cholesterol ≥3200 mg/dL, not including the case of familial hypercholesterolaemia. Log Lp(a) values showed an inverse correlation with bodyweight and body mass index. No significant differences in Lp(a) levels could be seen between the groups according to the presence or absence of coronary heart disease and cerebral vascular accident in family histories. The results suggest that Lp(a) in Japanese children aged 5 years was essentially the same as that in adults. Further study may be needed to disclose the factors that influence Lp(a) concentration in childhood.
Evaluation of diagnostic criteria of acute renal failure in premature infants
Authors: ISHIZAKI YUKO , ISOZAKI‐FUKUDA YUKA , KOJIMA TAKATSUGU , SASAI MISA , MATSUZAKI SHEUJI , KOBAYASHI YOHNOSUKE 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA prospective study was performed to investigate the validity of renal failure index (RFI) or fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) in preterm infants. The subjects were 128 newborn infants, 72 with oliguria and 56 without renal dysfunction (control). Oliguric infants were divided into two categories: acute renal failure (ARF) and prerenal failure (PRF), according to creatinine clearance (Ccr). Furthermore, all subjects were divided into four groups according to gestation, that is, 38 infants with gestational age of 25–28 weeks (group 1), 28 with 29–30 weeks (group 2), 38 with 31–36 weeks (group 3) and 24 of > 37 weeks (group 4). As a result, differentiation between ARF and PRF was valid when the RFI or FENa was used in infants of > 29 weeks gestation (groups 2, 3 and 4). Although infants of > 31 weeks gestation (groups 3 and 4) who present with an RFI > 3 or an FENa > 3% may be diagnosed as having ARF, infants in group 2 with an RFI of > 8 or an FENa of > 6% may be diagnosed as having ARF. For the infants in group 1, the application of RFI or FENa for diagnosis of ARF may be limited because of some overlap among the groups.
Urinary arginine vasopressin (AVP) measurement in children: Water deprivation test incorporating urinary AVP
Authors: SHIMURA NAOTO 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe value of a water deprivation test incorporating urinary arginine vasopressin (AVP) measurement was investigated in 13 patients with polydipsia and/or polyuria (complete central diabetes insipidus [CCDI] in four; incomplete central diabetes insipidus [ICDI] in five; secondary nephrogenic diabetes insipidus [NDI] in three; compulsive water drinking [CWD] in one) and a group of 25 control subjects (C). Urine samples were collected after water deprivation during sleep and the urinary osmolalities and AVP concentrations were measured.Analysis of the results of 104 urine samples from the 25 control subjects demonstrated a close correlation between urinary osmolality and AVP (r = 0.89, P < 0.001). After water deprivation during sleep, the respective mean maximal urinary osmolalities and AVP concentrations were: 127.4±34.4 mOsm/kgand 1.1±0.5 pg/mL in the patients with CCDI (14 samples, four children); 410.3±101.8 and 6.1±3.5 in those with ICDI (16 samples, five children); 348.7±71.2 and 100 + 45.1 in those with NDI (nine samples, three children); 541.5±143.5 and 43.6±33.2 in the patient with CWD (two samples, one child) and 898.8±186.3 and 97.4±50.4 in group C (54 samples, 18 children). Furthermore, the urinary AVP level relative to the osmolality in each patient varied depending on the AVP secretion status and renal concentrating ability. Each patient, except the one with CWD, could be discriminated from the normal subjects using this test. It seems that this test is easy to perform and useful for diagnosis and follow‐up of patients with partial/complete posterior pituitary function defects and those with renal concentration impairment.
Calcification of basal ganglia in a patient with partial trisomy 5q and partial monosomy 18q
Authors: NAKAYAMA TSUGUYO , SAKAKIHARA YOICHI , HANAOKA SHIGERU , AKAGI KUNIHIKO , KAMOSHITA SHIGEHIKO 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA patient with partial trisomy for the distal segment of the long arm of chromosome 5 (q35.1 ← qter) with partial 18q monosomy is presented. The mother of the patient was phenotypically normal and was proved to be a carrier of a reciprocal translocation of the long arm of chromosomes 5 and 18 46,XX,t(5;18)(q35.1;q23). The patient shows mild mental retardation, short stature, mild obesity, dysmorphic face, eczema, minor malformations of the extremities, and bilateral intracranial calcification in the basal ganglia. Most of the clinical manifestations of the patient are compatible with the previously reported clinical features of partial trisomy of the distal segment of 5q. However, the calcification of bilateral basal ganglia has not been reported for this chromosomal anomaly.
Difficulty in removing a percutaneous central venous catheter inserted from a peripheral vein
Authors: MORIMOTO TSUYOSHI , HOSOYA RYOHTA , MATSUFUJI HIROSHI , TACHI MASAHIRO , YOKOYAMA JOHTARO , NISHIMURA KOZO 
Published: January 2011

AbstractTwo girls with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) are reported. There were difficulties in removing their central venous catheters inserted from a peripheral vein. One girl required surgery under general anesthesia for the removal. The other patient received continuous infusion of low dose urokinase from a distal peripheral vein. The residual catheter was then removed successfully.
A long‐term suppression by α‐interferon of Philadelphia chromosome in children with chronic myelogenous leukemia
Authors: KIKAWA YOSHIHARU , FUJI YASUSHI , TAKANO TOMOKO , SHIGEMATSU YOUSUKE , SUDO MASAKATSU , OKAMOTO MASANORI , MIZUTANI SHUKI 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAn 8 year old girl with adult type Philadelphia (Ph1)‐positive chronic myelogenous leukemia received natural α‐interferon therapy in the chronic phase. Complete suppression of the Ph1 clone of bone marrow cells was achieved after 1 month of therapy, which was determined by disappearance of rearranged breakpoint cluster region (BCR) gene in Southern blot analysis. Complete hematological remission was also attained following 2 months of therapy. Both the suppression and the hematological remission have been sustained for 24 months with α‐interferon. in spite of the detection of the chimeric BCR/ABL mRNA in her bone marrow by polymerase chain reaction assay 12 months after therapy.
Assessment of body composition measured by bioelectrical impedance in children
Authors: IWATA KYOKO , SATOU YOSHIYUKI , WATA FUJIHIKOI , HARA MITSUHIKO , FUCHIGAMI SACHIKO , KIN HIDEO , FUCHIGAMI TATSUO , KADA TOMOOO , HARADA KENSUKE , OHKUNI MASAHIKO , RYOU SHIGEO , OHASHI SHUNJI 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBioelectorical impedance methods have been found to be a valid and reliable way of estimating per cent body fat (%BF) in adults. We applied them to healthy children and compared them with conventional anthropometry methods.One thousand two hundred and sixteen children participated in this study. Impedance and skinfold thickness were measured, and %BF was estimated using these values. Bodyweight and height were measured, and per cent obesity (%OB) and body mass index (BMI) were obtained.The values of %BF by the bioelectrical impedance method (%BFi) were 8.6 ± 4.0% in the junior male group, 14.2±2.8% in the junior female group, 7.9±4.7% in the senior male group and 16.1 ±2.9% in the senior female group. The % BFi correlated strongly with skinfold thickness, %OB and BMI. Thus %BFi correlated strongly with variables from conventional methods. It was concluded that it is a reliable way of assessing lipid storage in children.
Relapses after termination of therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children
Authors: OCHOCKA MARIA , MATYSIAK MICHAL , KULUS MAREK , ARMATA JERZY , BALWIERZ WALENTYNA , BOGUSLAWSKA‐JAWORSKA JANINA , CHYBICKA ANNA , JACKOWSKA TERESA , JAKOWICKA MARIA , MICHALEWSKA DANUTA , PIETRAS WOJCIECH , RADWAŃSKA URSZULA , ROKICKA‐MILEWSKA ROMA , RYTLEWSKA MARIA , SONTA‐JAKIMCZYK DANUTA , SROCZYNSKA MARIA , SLADKOWSKA DANUTA , TACIK JUSTYNA 
Published: January 2011

AbstractIn the past 16 years, 2004 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have been treated in the Polish Pediatric Group centers. Eight hundred and eighty‐seven (44.3%) of these patients discontinued treatment after the first remission. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia relapse occurred in 180 patients (20.3%). This group was analyzed for the method of treatment and its influence on long‐term survival, the time between cessation of treatment and relapse, the character and localization of relapse and later follow‐up. It was shown that the patients with the best chance of a second remission are those with late testicular relapse. The most frequent and prognostically poor are bone marrow (BM) relapses which warrant intensive chemotherapy with BM transplantation. Patients with ALL relapse still have the possibility of a second remission and long‐term survival.
Increased urinary excretion of human cytomegalovirus in children with malignancy: Detection by polymerase chain reaction
Authors: KAJIWARA MICHIKO , YAMAGUCHI YUKI , HIRAI KANJI , YATA JUNICHI 
Published: January 2011

AbstractHuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is one of the most important agents causing opportunistic infections in immunocompromised hosts. In this study, we examined the urinary excretion of HCMV in children with malignancy using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Urine samples were collected from on‐therapy, off‐therapy patients with malignancy, and healthy controls. A simple DNA extraction method using glass powder was employed, and inhibitory effect of urine on PCR was prevented. For PCR, a pair of primers from the HCMV major immediate early gene sequence was used.Among patients who received intensive chemotherapy, 52.0% had urinary HCMV excretion after the chemotherapy course. In contrast, off‐therapy patients and healthy controls showed a lower incidence of urinary HCMV excretion (20.4 and 8.7%, respectively). The incidence of HCMV urinary excretion in the on‐therapy group was significantly higher than healthy controls (P < 0.05). In the on‐therapy group, the total white blood cell count of the virus excreters was lower than that of non‐excreters.The incidence of HCMV excretion was high in on‐therapy patients. Most of the virus excreters were seropositive, so their viruria was thought to be caused by reactivation. Repeated monitoring of virus excretion by this rapid and simple method may be useful to detect HCMV infection early and to control it in such patients.
International cooperation with Islamabad Children's Hospital, Pakistan: The JICA project
Authors: YAMASHITA FUMIO , URABE DAISAKU , ITO HARUMICHI , KONDO SHIGENOBU , HANAWA YOSHIYUKI 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe experience gained during 7 years of cooperation between the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and the Islamabad Children's Hospital (JICA‐ICH project, July 1986‐June 1993) is described. Islamabad Children's Hospital achieved the goals of the project and became a centre for excellence in health care, education and research for children, fulfilling the objectives of the project. This achievement was evaluated as one of the most successful projects in medical cooperation ever performed by JICA by a third party evaluation team. The problems arising and the lessons experienced through the process are discussed. The importance of the role which should be undertaken by pediatricians in international cooperation with developing countries is emphasized.
Maternal and child health in Indonesia
Authors: OKAMOTO AKIRA 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAIIKU‐HAN activity was initiated by the Imperial Gift Foundation BOSHI‐AIIKU‐KAI in Japan in 1936 and has been introduced and accepted to community‐based maternal and child health development in Indonesia through the international cooperation project conducted by Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) in order to encourage community health activities carried out by Indonesian women volunteers.As AIIKU‐HAN activity in Japan and Dasa Wisma health activity in Indonesia have much in common, transferring concepts, methods and experiences met less obstacles when Indonesian community health volunteers learned AIIKU‐HAN activity.Experience gained while developed countries were less developed can be transferred by shifting the time‐scale of history in developed countries.
Ghana/JICA/WHO training course in polio diagnostic procedures and vaccine potency testing
Authors: KOBAYAKAWA TAKATOSHI 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe Ghana/Japan International Cooperation Agency/WHO training course in polio diagnostic procedures and vaccine potency testing was initiated at the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research in Ghana for 5 consecutive years from 1992. The purpose of the course is to create virologists and technicians competent in the laboratory methods to support the polio eradication initiative in Africa. The participants are invited mainly from anglophone countries in the region.
The joint JMA‐JICA project in Nepal
Authors: KURATSUJI TADATOSHI 
Published: January 2011

AbstractNepal is among the 20 countries with the lowest human development index, according to the criteria of the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), and has a very high under‐five mortality rate, according to the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF).1 In December 1992, the Japan Medical Association (JMA) and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) began jointly carrying out a maternal and child health (MCH) project. Its beneficiaries are the population of Kavre District, the District Public Health Office in Kavre, the Central Region Health Directorate, and the Ministry of Health of Nepal.The MCH project stems from a request to Japan made by His Majesty's Government of Nepal to implement and evaluate a new health system policy in a model area, the Kavre District. The project's main goal is to improve the general health and to reduce the maternal, infant, and under‐five child mortality rates by providing basic primary health care services and means of disease prevention. It will improve the government's medical care delivery system, better educate the population and promote community action in questions related to health and hygiene.This is the first cooperative project organized by JICA that involves the participation of a nongovernmental organization, in this case, the JMA. The JMA will construct the primary Health Care (PHC) Center, equip it with a dormitory and safe water supply system, and provide sufficient drugs for 2 years. The Japan International Cooperation Agency will dispatch MCH experts and provide medical equipment and supplies. The government of Nepal will dispatch a medical staff of 12 members, including a medical doctor, nurses, midwives, and laboratory technician, and other assistants as counterparts, and will be supported and monitored by the National Children's Hospital Medical Research Center of Japan. This joint project and new health policy will be evaluated after 2 years to decide whether the new PHC center system should be expanded.
Pediatric and MCH training in Japan: JICA training program in the National Children's Hospital
Authors: NAKANO MIWAKO 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe experience of the training program for overseas doctors in the National Children's Hospital during 8 years is described. The program was supported by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and the objectives of the training course are to provide doctors from developing countries with a better understanding of diagnosis and treatment as specialized pediatricians and pediatric surgeons and to introduce recent medical techniques and equipment for child care. From 1984 to 1993, 37 doctors from 22 developing countries of Asia, Middle and South America and Africa have attended this program. There were 22 pediatricians, 14 pediatric surgeons and one dentist. The outline of this group training program and problems with the course are discussed.
Japan‐Russia Pediatric Society
Authors: NIHEI KENJI , THUNEMATHU YUKIKO , KOBAYASHI NOBORU 
Published: January 2011

AbstractIn March 1990, medical interchange between Japan and the Soviet Union began with a letter from the local health bureau of Khabarovsk. We visited Khabarovsk three times and Kamchatka once, and saw many hospitals and patients. Russian doctors of pediatrics visited Japan. Medical information was exchanged and discussed. The Japan‐Russia Pediatric Society was established to perform interchange of medical information, technology and staff such as doctors, nurses and technicians between Japan and Russia, especially the Far East district of Russia. The Society meeting has been held three times: Tokyo (1991), Khabarovsk (1992) and Niigata (1993). It is necessary to continue the interchange between the two countries.
Cooperative program for Asian pediatricians
Authors: SAKAKIHARA YOICHI , NAKAMURA YASUHIDE 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe Cooperative Program for Asian Pediatricians (CPAP) is a non‐government organization established in 1989 to promote mutual understanding and friendship among young pediatricians in Asian countries. Unlike other government programs and non‐government organizations, CPAP is solely facilitating mutual relationships among young inexperienced pediatricians who would otherwise have no chance to travel overseas.It has been funded by donations from members of the alumni association of the Department of Pediatrics at the University of Tokyo and many private companies and individuals.The Cooperative Program for Asian Pediatricians has so far invited 36 Asian pediatricians from 11 countries. By constructing a human network among Asian pediatricians, it is hoped that CPAP will contribute to making international cooperation in the Asian region easier and smoother.
Resistance to thyroid hormone and its molecular basis
Authors: REFETOFF SAMUEL 
Published: January 2011

AbstractGeneralized resistance to thyroid hormone (GRTH) is an inherited syndrome characterized by hyposensitivity of target tissues to thyroid hormone. The clinical presentation is variable. The syndrome is usually suspected when elevated serum thyroid hormone levels are associated with a non‐suppressed thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH). While goiter and thyroid test abnormalities have more often led to the suspicion of thyroid gland dysfunction, short stature, hyperactivity, learning disability and goiter in children or adolescents and recalcitrant goiter in adults, should raise the suspicion of GRTH. Hypothyroidism has been considered when growth or mental retardation was the presenting symptom and thyrotoxicosis when confronted with attention deficit, hyperactivity or tachycardia. Failure to recognize the inappropriate persistence of TSH secretion in spite of elevated thyroid hormone levels has commonly resulted in erroneous diagnosis leading to antithyroid treatment. More than 300 subjects with this syndrome have been identified. The mode of inheritance in the majority of families is autosomal dominant. Recessive transmission has been found in only one family.It has long been speculated that this defect is likely to be caused by an abnormal thyroid hormone receptor (TR), but this hypothesis could not be directly tested until the isolation of two TR genes, TRα and TRβ. Mutations in the TRβ gene have been identified in 42 families with GRTH. All are located in the T3‐binding domain straddling the putative dimerization region and exhibit various degrees of hormone‐binding impairment. This finding, and the fact that heterozygous subjects with complete TR deletion are not affected while those with point mutations are, indicates that interactions of a mutant TR with normal TR and with other factors are responsible for the dominant inheritance of GRTH and its heterogeneity. Elucidation of the etiology of GRTH has not only added a new means for the early diagnosis of the syndrome but provided new insights in the understanding of the mechanism of hormone action.
Actions of peroxovanadate or tungstate on glucose transport by isolated rat adipocytes
Authors: GOTO YOSHINORI , KIDA KAICHI , KAINO YUKIKAZU , ITO TAKUO , MATSUDA HIROSHI 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe effects of peroxovanadate or tungstate on 3‐O‐methylglucose uptake were characterized using isolated rat adipocytes to elucidate the mechanism(s) of their actions. The stimulatory effect of peroxovanadate was observed from 1 μmol/L and reached the maximum at about 100 μmol/L. The concentration showing the half‐maximal effect was approximately 16 μmol/L. The maximal response of peroxovanadate was 1.19 times higher than that of insulin significantly (P < 0.01). On the other hand, the stimulatory effect of tungstate was seen only at the higher concentrations of 10–30 mmol/L Judging from the experiments using different tungsten compounds, tungstic acid (WO42‐) appeared responsible for the effect. The effects of 20 mmol/L tungstate and 20 nmol/L insulin were not additive. The stimulatory effects of 1 mmol/L peroxovanadate, 20 mmol/L tungstate or 20 nmol/L insulin were not seen in the adipocytes deprived of ATP by exposure to 2 mmol/L KCN. The adipocytes which had been stimulated with insulin and further exposed to 2 mmol/L KCN were used to test whether or not peroxovanadate works directly on the function of glucose transporters. In such cells on which GLUT4‐rich transporters were rendered immobile, the effect of peroxovanadate was not observed. These results indicate that the effects of peroxovanadate or tungstate are ATP or energy dependent and may be exerted through the mechanism analogous to that of insulin action, and suggest that peroxovanadate does not directly activate the function of GLUT4.