bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE LATEST SOCIOLINGUISTIC SURVEYS IN UKRAINE AS A DATABASE IN LINGUISTIC AND CONFLICT STUDIES
Authors: Yarotska Galyna S. 
Published: May 2024

The object of this research is sociolinguistic surveys as a source of information in resolving linguistic conflicts, which we understand as a clash of national and linguistic interests of representatives of different language communities due to the inequality of language statuses within a bilingual or multilingual society. The subject of the study is the language issue in Ukraine, which has been used by political elites during election campaigns throughout the years of independence to mobilise their electorate and speculate. According to many researchers, the language issue in Ukraine is directly related to the definition of national identity, so sociolinguistic surveys include questions about national identity, among other things. The purpose of this paper is to try to determine the correlations between the political and ideological agenda in the country and the results of the polls. Of course, the Russian aggression could not but affect the language issue in the country. Along with the influence of official political and ideological discourses, the so-called agency is beginning to influence language policy in the country, as language activists or agents are involved in language disputes, which has been the subject of separate scientific studies in European and domestic works. Results. By comparing the results of sociolinguistic surveys throughout the years of independence, scholars are trying to identify social trends in resolving language conflicts. However, political elites continue to use the language issue to divide society, despite the fact that sociolinguistic data show that the language issue was secondary for Ukrainians, at least in the pre-war period. Conclusions. Even the optimistic results of the surveys, which do confirm the existence of certain, but not so significant, differences between the linguistic orientations of different parts of the Ukrainian population, do not provide guarantees of conflict-free coexistence on linguistic grounds, since competition between political elites can again present the language issue as a conflictogenic one and people’s views as polarised and uncompromising through the construction of relevant political and ideological discourses.
Los desafíos de la universidad en la construcción de nuevos conocimientos, capacidades y habilidades Universidad y prospectiva de la educación superior
Authors: López Rivas Óscar Hugo , Solares Castillo Emilsa , Cortez Sic José Enrique 
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: La educación, en el ámbito universitario, tiene muchos retos y desafíos, máxime con la invasión aplanadora de una globalización y mundialización que requiere y demanda hacer transformaciones trascendentales y significativas en su quehacer cotidiano. La universidad, como institución de educación superior, tal es el caso de la Universidad de san Carlos de Guatemala (USAC), tiene una misión determinada, donde fija su mirada en tres ejes centrales: docencia, investigación y extensión universitaria. Esos pilares en los cuales se sostiene dan la pauta para abrirse a nuevas oportunidades, que le permiten responder a una problemática no sólo nacional, sino que, también regional y mundial.
Originalidad/aporte: La universidad debe estar alerta y atenta a ese llamado con una mirada en prospectiva, sin perder de vista, la mirada retrospectiva, que deja grandes lecciones aprendidas para dar paso, a un escenario futuro, lleno de esperanza para una juventud que está ansiosa por adentrarse a caminos inhóspitos, pero que, a la vez, la devoran con las nuevas tecnologías de la información y comunicación. El propósito de este artículo radica en analizar acerca del papel que tiene la universidad en el siglo XXI, de acuerdo con los cambios en los cuales se inserta la educación superior y cuál sería el nuevo arquetipo de una educación universitaria que demanda la inserción de cambios.
Método: revisión de un marco filosófico, que reviste la misión y visión, como el componente axiológico; un marco académico. De la misma manera, apuesta a una reflexión académica, dirigir preocupación con los diferentes actores de la comunidad académica, con la intención de que se establezcan espacios de diálogos académicos.
Estrategias/recolección de información: Consistieron en la utilización de las técnicas, tales como: Análisis textual o de contenido, que permitió investigar los distintos puntos de vista documentales para llegar a una reflexión. Análisis de sitios web, para recopilar información relevante, dada la producción de material vinculado con el estudio. Revisión documental, que permite evaluar los documentos para verificar su validez y confiabilidad de su contenido. Fuentes abiertas y base de datos, que permiten tener un acercamiento con la información que interesa analizar para complementar el estudio.
Conclusiones: Es necesario revisar tanto el diseño de programas como su desarrollo, así como la alfabetización digital y la mirada transdisciplinaria. Es fundamental contar con un marco legal, que revise el concepto de la autonomía universitaria, las funciones propias de la universidad, y las políticas universitarias, que deben cimentarse en ejes transversales que estén presentes en todos los programas académicos. De esta forma, la universidad no queda en una obsolescencia total, ya que los egresados son los que se insertan al mercado laboral, tanto del sector privado como del sector público.
SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY OF A NEW TOOL FOR EARLY DETECTION OF RISK FACTORS FOR NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN URBAN WORKERS
Authors: Erista Nai Hildagardis Meliyani , Wulandari Risky 
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Non communicable diseases (NCDs) have an impact on health, economy, and quality of life, and can reduce worker productivity. Approximately 41 million people die from NCDs every year, accounting for 74% of deaths worldwide. The Deteksi Dini Faktor Risiko Gizi dan Kesehatan (DDR-GizKes) is instrument designed for the early detection of nutritional and health risk factors related to NCDs that affect the productivity of urban workers . A screening test is essential part of this newly developed tool. Aims: This study aims to test the sensitivity and specificity of the DDR-GizKes instrument for detecting NCDs in urban workers. Methods: This study used a descriptive observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of 227 teachers and staff in high schools in Yogyakarta who were selected using a cluster random sampling technique. Hypertension was used as the gold standard for the screening test. Results: The nutritional risk factor test had a sensitivity of 15.8% and a specificity of 94.2%. The positive predictive value (PPV) for the nutritional risk factor was 16.7% and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 93.8%. Meanwhile, the health risk factor test had a sensitivity of 15.8% and a specificity of 86.4%. The PPV for the health risk factor was 7.89% and the NPV was 93.3%. Conclusion: The DDR-GizKes instrument had low sensitivity but high specificity. Further research is necessary to establish the scoring system of the DDR-GizKes instrument in populations with a high prevalence of NCDs using a larger sample size.
ЕКОЛОГІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ПРИПИНЕННЯ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ КАР’ЄРІВ
Authors: ХОХОТВА Олександр , КОВАЛЬОВА Олена 
Published: May 2024

У роботі показані основні екологічні наслідки гірничо-добувної діяльності у вигляді порушених земель, забруднення поверхневих і підземних вод, викидів забруднюючих речовин у довкілля, порушення локальних екосистем, утворення відходів добувної діяльності. Всесвітній саміт зі сталого розвитку, започаткований Організацією Об’єднаних Націй, визнав важливість внеску видобування корисних копалин у сталий спосіб, а саме необхідність підтримки зусиль для належного розгляду екологічних, економічних, соціальних наслідків та впливу на здоров’я людини у видобуванні корисних копалин, мінералів і металів, протягом усього їх життєвого циклу. Описано основні напрямки діяльності, на які слід звернути увагу при інтегрованому закритті кар’єрів і шахт та при плануванні закриття протягом різних етапів життєвого циклу видобувної діяльності проєкту.
Consistent Factors Influence Body Mass Index Thresholds for Total Joint Arthroplasty Across Health-Care Systems
Authors: Godziuk Kristine , Fast Andrew , Righolt Christiaan H. , Giori Nicholas J. , Harris Alex H.S. , Bohm Eric R. 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Body mass index (BMI) thresholds are used as eligibility criteria to reduce complication risk in total joint arthroplasty (TJA). This approach oversimplifies preoperative risk assessment and inadvertently restricts access to effective surgical treatment for osteoarthritis. A prior survey of orthopaedic surgeons in the United States identified complex underlying factors that influence BMI considerations. To understand whether similar factors exist and influence surgeons in a different health-care system setting, we investigated Canadian surgeons’ views and use of BMI criterion thresholds for TJA access.

Methods:
A cross-sectional online qualitative survey was conducted with orthopaedic surgeons performing TJA in the Canadian health-care system. Responses were anonymous and questions were open-ended to allow for candid perspectives. Survey data were coded and a systematic process was followed to identify major themes. Findings were compared with U.S. surgeon perspectives.

Results:
Sixty-nine respondents had a mean age of 49.0 ± 11.4 years (range, 33 to 79 years), with a mean surgical experience duration of 15.7 ± 11.4 years (range, 2 to 50 years). Surgeons reported variable use of BMI thresholds in practice. Twelve interconnected factors that influence BMI considerations were identified: (1) variable evidence interpretation, (2) surgical challenge, (3) surgeon beliefs and biases, (4) hospital differences, (5) access to resources, (6) health system bias, (7) patient health status, (8) patient body fat distribution, (9) patient decisional burden (to lose weight or accept risk), (10) evidence gaps and uncertainties, (11) need for innovation, and (12) societal views. Nine themes matched with findings from U.S. surgeons.

Conclusions:
Parallel to the United States, complex, interconnected factors influence Canadian orthopaedic surgeons’ variable use of BMI restrictions for TJA eligibility. Despite different health-care systems and reimbursement models, similar technical and personal factors were identified. With TJA practice guidelines advising against hard BMI criteria, attention regarding access to resources, surgical training, and innovations to address TJA complexity in patients with large bodies are critically needed. Future advancements in this sphere must balance barrier removal with risk reduction to ensure safe and equitable surgical care.

Clinical Relevance:
This study may influence surgeon behaviors with regard to hard BMI cutoffs for TJA and encourage critical thought about factors that influence decisions about surgical eligibility for patients with high BMI.
Morphological transition after medical treatment of emphysematous pyelonephritis over time
Authors: Yamamoto Ukyo , Yagame Motoka , Uchida Daisuke , Hara Masumi , Takeuchi Hideyuki , Kawarazaki Hiroo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a necrotizing infection characterized by the production of gas in the renal parenchyma, collecting　system or perirenal tissue. The treatment strategy, especially for surgical intervention, in EPN has been based on the Huang and Wan classifications. Huang's classification is based on the extent of gas and abscess spillover, while Wan's classification is based on the morphology of gas and fluid retention. Wan's classification type I EPN is considered more severe compared to type II EPN and pathophisyological mechanisms are speculated as the cause of the different presentation but the actual cause is unknown. In the present case, conservative treatment of EPN in the early stages of the disease allowed us to show that Wan's classification may represent a time series of morphologic changes throughout EPN.
Case presentation A 72-year-old woman treated for diabetes was admitted because of suspected treatment-resistant pyelonephritis. Her CT scan at presentation was suggestive of EPN and antibiotics was started. After additional medical treatment, a follow-up of CT image showed that the initial appearance of bubbly gas formation changed into a fluid-forming abscess. This transition shows that type I is an early phase image of EPN and type II image is seen following the early phase. Thereafter no change was seen in CT image and residing inflammation led to planned nephrectomy on day 35. Antibiotics were discontinued and no recurrence was confirmed.
Conclusions Wan’s type I and II EPN has been often reported as different pathophysiological entities. Our case shows that these two subtypes may represent stages in the progression of EPN. Medical treatment for type I may permit safe nephrectomy for type II EPN.
Association between the Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Evidence from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2016
Authors: Fu Yidian , Jiang Chao , Li Zonglin , Zhang Jingbo , Lv Peiyuan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Importance: Oxidative stress is an important contributor to the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), however, the relationship between Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI) and NAFLD in US adult population remains unclear.
Objective: To access whether CDAI is associated with NAFLD in US adults.
Design, setting, and participants: This population-based cross-sectional study used data on US adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2016 cycles. Data were analyzed from January to February 2024.
Exposures: CDAI obtained from the dietary intake questionnaire.
Main outcomes and measures: The main outcome was NAFLD which defined by the US fatty liver score (USFLI) ≥ 30. Sampling weights were calculated according to NHANES guidelines.
Results: Among 9746 adults included in this study (mean age, 48.3 years; 4662 [47.6%] males), 3324 (33.0%) were classified as having NAFLD using USFLI. In the fully adjusted of multivariable logistic regression, CDAI was negative associated with NAFLD (odds ratio [OR], 0.95; 95% CI, 0.93-0.98). Furthermore, the highest quartile CDAI were 34% less likely to have NAFLD than those with the lowest quartile (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.52-0.85). In subgroup analyses, CDAI was associated with NAFLD among participants who were male (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.92-0.97), without diabetes (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.93-0.97), and without metabolic syndrome (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.91-0.96). In addition, the negative correlation between CDAI and NAFLD was robust in sensitivity analyses that excluded potential hepatotoxic medication use (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.93-0.98), or non-Hispanic Black participants (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.93-0.98), defined NAFLD based on the hepatic steatosis index score (HSI) (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.95-0.99), and used unweighted logistic analysis (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.94-0.98).
Conclusions and relevance: In this cross-sectional study based on six cycles (2005-2016) of the NHANES, CDAI was negative associated with NAFLD in US adult population. This association may provide a new approach to explore the factors affecting dietary interventions to reduce the incidence of NAFLD.
Bio-Thermal Non-Equilibrium Dynamics and Thermal Damage in Biological Tissues Induced by Multiple Pulse-Lasers Irradiations
Authors: Jawo Edrisa , Hassan Mohsan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Laser therapy offers precise medical treatment by directing focused light beams to specific areas without harming surrounding tissue. This precision is particularly valuable in tissue treatment, including cancer therapy, where minimizing collateral damage is critical. The current study focuses on bio-thermal dynamics and thermal damage in biological tissues induced by multiple pulse-laser irradiations.
Model: To examine the thermal behavior, the Local Thermal Non-Equilibrium (LTNE) bioheat Transfer model with porosity and dual lag effects is developed. The model contains partial differential equations and is solved by numerical method.
Results: Obtained results demonstrate temperature variations and thermal damage in tissues, influenced by factors like laser intensity, incident duration, and tissue porosity. Higher intensity of laser and longer laser durations increase the temperature distribution and thermal damage as well. Porosity inversely affects temperature distribution, with higher porosity leading to decreased distribution.
Novelty: This study introduces the application of multi-time lasers, a novel approach that has not been previously explored in the literature. By investigating the impact of laser parameters and tissue characteristics, it enhances understanding and guides the development of effective laser therapies for medical applications.
Cardiovascular risk associated with BMI and metabolic health phenotypes based on measures of coagulation factors.
Authors: Basurto Lourdes , Valle María , Robledo Ariadna , O'Leary Sean , REYES-MALDONADO ELBA , Gaspar Jennyfer , Rosales Erika , Vega-Garcia Sara , Martínez-Murillo Carlos 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction: While the classification of metabolically healthy individuals with obesity remains uncertain, recent research links central obesity to thromboembolism and cardiovascular disease, potentially indicating a hypercoagulable state in some individuals with obesity. This study investigates coagulation and inflammation differences between obesity and normal-weight phenotypes.
Methods: 225 adult women, participants were subjected to clinical examinations, and biochemical assessments. These assessments classified participants into four distinct phenotypes, namely MHNW (Metabolically Healthy Normal Weight), MUNW (Metabolically Unhealthy Normal Weight), MHO (Metabolically Healthy Obesity), and MUO (Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity), based on a combination of BMI and metabolic criteria. Subsequently hemostatic proteins and interleukin levels were compared.
Results: Among 225 female patients, the MHO group was younger, with higher measurements like visceral fat and BMI, while MUO had the highest values in HOMA-IR, triglycerides and LDL-c. Coagulation proteins showed normal levels. However, MHNW had significantly lower FV, and groups without obesity (MHNW and MUNW) had lower FVIII and FIX. FXII in MHNW did not significantly differ. Inflammatory markers revealed IL-6 negatively correlated with PC and AT but positively with FVIII and FIX. IL-10 negatively correlated with FII, FV, FVII, FXI, and FXII, while TNF-α and IL-1 positively correlated with FVIII and FIX.
Conclusion: This study challenges the MHNW metric, revealing metabolic marker elevations in non-obese groups. Additionally, MHO individuals exhibited pro-coagulant protein increases compared to MUO, suggesting limited clinical utility in categorizing the broader population with obesity. The interplay between metabolic health and body size phenotypes challenges traditional approaches to predicting health risks.
Analysis of College Students' physical fitness test results considering process evaluation in Physical Education Teaching
Authors: Miao Ning , Chang Shuhua , Cheng Yulan , Wang Xinyu , wang xinran 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

With the development of the times, college students with a relatively loose living environment are facing a variety of temptations. College students often ignore the importance of physical exercise because of sedentary use of intelligent devices or some bad living habits, so that their physical quality decreases and can not meet the basic requirements of school physical fitness test. This trend has attracted the attention of all sectors of society, Many scholars have also conducted preliminary research on this phenomenon. Therefore, this paper establishes a dynamic game model from the perspective of economics, compares and analyzes any two students as the two sides of the game, and obtains the students' attitude towards physical testing by using two evaluation methods: process evaluation and final evaluation, Class sports atmosphere and the price paid for the physical test are the three control variables to optimize the physical test results. Through the reward and punishment scheme proposed by the process evaluation, students are encouraged to continuously strengthen physical exercise. When students have rich interest in sports, students will regard sports as a living habit, so as to effectively improve students' physical quality.
METTL3 drives heart failure by regulating Spp1 and Fos m6A modification in myocardial infarction
Authors: Cheng Hao , Li Linnan , Zhou Yufei , Ma Jiaqi , Xu Rende , Xue Junqiang , Chen Lu , Song Xiaoyue , Shi Yuekai , Zou Yunzeng , Ma Jianying , Ge Junbo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

While m6A modification has been reported in myocardial infarction (MI), the detailed mechanism by which METTL3 regulates the progression of the disease has not yet been elucidated, and it remains unclear why m6A modification increases after MI. Through MeRIP-seq and extensive bioinformatics analysis, the target genes SPP1 and FOS with the most significant m6A modification and differential expression in MI were screened. We successfully constructed heart specific Mettl3 knockout mice (Mettl3CKO) to verify that METTL3 promotes the deterioration of cardiac function after MI. We performed complementary molecular methods to assess protein quantity and interactions to identify mechanisms regulating this response. We manipulated select molecular pathways using both genetic and pharmacological methods to validate these mechanisms. Here, we showed that METTL3 exerted methyltransferase activity-dependent functions in gene regulation in MI, and a significant transcription factor HuR assisted the function of METTL3. and demonstrated that METTL3 was critical for the promotion of heart failure after MI. More specifically, METTL3 directly interacted with HuR through its nuclear localization domain in the cell nucleus under normoxia condition. When hypoxia developed, METTL3 separated from HuR and deposited m6A into 5’UTR of Spp1 and Fos mRNA to maintain their stability. In contrast, HuR bound to the ARE domain of 3’UTR of Spp1 and Fos mRNA to take them to the cytosol, maintaining their stability. Moreover, HIF-1α directly interacted with the HRE domain of Mettl3 to promote its transcription, and HuR bound to the ARE domain of 3’UTR of Mettl3 mRNA to maintain its stability to promote following translation. Collectively, our studies revealed previously unappreciated functions of METTL3 with the help of HuR, and a direct target of HIF-1α under normoxia condition, which together contribute to its essential function in MI, suggesting therapeutic potential for targeting the METTL3/HuR/Spp1(Fos) mRNA axis.