bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of synergistic effects incorporating esterified lignin and guar gum composite aerogel for sustained oil spill cleanup
Authors: Montazeri Mahnaz , Norouzbeigi Reza 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe recently developed aerogel demonstrates a high capacity for pollutant absorption, making it an environmentally friendly option for oily water treatment. In an effort to reduce the adverse effects of the black liquor accumulation in the pulp industry, this study focused on utilizing the mentioned abundant bio-resource lignin, which can be applied to various high-value applications such as 3D porous materials for oil spill cleanup. Lignin, precipitated from the black liquor, was esterified using maleic anhydride as the esterifying reagent to enhance the hydrophobicity. Then, the composite aerogel fabricated from esterified lignin and guar gum (GG) was successfully prepared through the facile freeze-drying, using glutaraldehyde (GA) as the cross-linker. The resulting aerogel exhibited high porosity values exceeding 95%, low density (27.4 mg/cm3), and an impressive absorption capacity of 32.5 g/g for sunflower oil. These results demonstrate the potential of black liquor utilization as a bio-waste source of lignin and highlight the cost-effective guar gum-esterified lignin composite aerogel, which exhibits remarkable oil absorption capabilities and environmental sustainability promotion.
A first principles based prediction of electronic and nonlinear optical properties towards cyclopenta thiophene chromophores with benzothiophene acceptor moieties
Authors: Haq Saadia , Khalid Muhammad , Hussain Ajaz , Haroon Muhammad , Alshehri Saad M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the current work, organic cyclopenta-thiophene (CPT) based derivatives (FICR and FICD1–FICD5) were designed by the modulation of end-capped acceptor group of the reference molecule i.e., FICR, to explore their nonlinear optical (NLO) response. The effect of terminal acceptor and donor groups in the tailored compounds was explored by using DFT based quantum calculations. The UV–Vis analysis, frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), transition density matrix (TDM), natural bond orbitals (NBOs), density of states (DOS), nonlinear optical (NLO) analyses were performed at M06/6-311G(d,p) functional. The LUMO–HOMO band gaps of FICD1–FICD5 were found to be smaller (1.75–1.92 eV) comparative to FICR (1.98 eV). Moreover, the global reactivity parameters (GRPs) were correlated with the results of other analyses. FICD2 and FICD5 with lowest band gap 1.73 and 1.75 eV showed less hardness (0.86 and 0.87 eV, respectively), high softness (0.58 and 0.57 eV−1), and larger absorption spectrum (815 and 813 nm) in gaseous phase and (889 and 880 nm) in solvent phase among all entitled compounds. All the designed chromophores (FICD1–FICD5) demonstrated a significant NLO response as compared to FICR. Particularly, FICD2 and FICD5 exhibited the highest average linear polarizability (<α>) [2.86 × 10−22 and 2.88 × 10−22 esu], first hyperpolarizability (βtot) (8.43 × 10−27 and 8.35 × 10−27 esu) and second hyperpolarizability (γtot) (13.20 × 10−32 and 13.0 × 10−32 esu) values as compared to the other derivatives. In nutshell, structural modeling of CPT based chromophores with extended acceptors, can be significantly utilized to achieve potential NLO materials.
Enhancing soil health and fruit yield through Tephrosia biomass mulching in rainfed guava (Psidium guajava L.) orchards
Authors: Ali Abeer , Das Bikash , Dhakar M. K. , Naik S. K. , Patel V. B. , Mishra G. P. , Sarkar P. K. , Shinde Reshma , Jha A. K. , Bhatt B. P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLeguminous crop Tephrosia candida has high biomass production and contains a substantial quantity of nutrients within its biomass. Starting in 2019, a long-term study was done to find the best Tephrosia candida dose for mulching in guava orchards. The study had four treatments: T1 = 3.0 kg dry biomass m−2 of the plant basin, T2 = 2.0 kg, T3 = 1.0 kg, and T4 = control (no mulch). Every year, the treatments imposed in the month of August. The third year (2021–2022) results indicated that mulching with 3 kg of biomass m−2 increased trunk diameter, fruit yield, fruit weight, specific leaf area, total leaf chlorophyll, and leaf macro- and micro-nutrients. At 3.0 kg m−2, mulching improved soil properties such as EC, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, DTPA extractable micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn), total organic carbon (Ctoc), soil organic carbon (Csoc), organic carbon fractions, and microbial biomass carbon between 0–0.15 m and 0.15–0.30 m. There was an increasing trend in dehydrogenase activity (DHA) and fluorescein diacetate (FDA). The Tephrosia leaf litter exhibited decay constants of 1.27 year−1, and the carbon content was 40.11%. Therefore, applying Tephrosia biomass mulching at a rate of 3.0 kg m−2 is a viable long-term solution for enhancing soil fertility and sequestering carbon.
Numerical simulation and experimental verification of the velocity field in asymmetric circular bends
Authors: Jia Lu , Zeng Yongzhong , Liu Xiaobing , Peng Chao , Li Dali , Liu Fei , He Lindong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo address the measurement accuracy challenges posed by the internal flow complexity in atypical circular bend pipes with short turning sections and without extended straight pipe segments, this study designed an experimental circular “S”-shaped bent pipe with a diameter of 0.4 m and a bending angle of 135°. Numerical analysis was used to determine the stable region for velocity distribution within the experimental segment. Furthermore, a novel evaluation method based on the coefficient of variation was proposed to accurately locate the optimal position for installing thermal mass flow meters on the test cross section. Additionally, a formula for calculating the pipeline flow rate based on velocity differences was derived. This formula considers pipeline flow as the dependent variable and uses the velocity at two points in the test cross section as the independent variable. Experimental validation on a primary standard test bench demonstrated that the flow rate calculated by this method had an error controlled within 0.625% compared to the standard flow rate, thus effectively verifying the method’s high accuracy and engineering applicability. This research provides a new testing methodology and practical basis for flow measurement in complex pipeline systems, offering significant guidance for research and applications in related fields.
The SMC5/6 complex prevents genotoxicity upon APOBEC3A-mediated replication stress
Authors: Fingerman Dylan F , O’Leary David R , Hansen Ava R , Tran Thi , Harris Brooke R , DeWeerd Rachel A , Hayer Katharina E , Fan Jiayi , Chen Emily , Tennakoon Mithila , Meroni Alice , Szeto Julia H , Devenport Jessica , LaVigne Danielle , Weitzman Matthew D , Shalem Ophir , Bednarski Jeffrey , Vindigni Alessandro , Zhao Xiaolan , Green Abby M 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMutational patterns caused by APOBEC3 cytidine deaminase activity are evident throughout human cancer genomes. In particular, the APOBEC3A family member is a potent genotoxin that causes substantial DNA damage in experimental systems and human tumors. However, the mechanisms that ensure genome stability in cells with active APOBEC3A are unknown. Through an unbiased genome-wide screen, we define the Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes 5/6 (SMC5/6) complex as essential for cell viability when APOBEC3A is active. We observe an absence of APOBEC3A mutagenesis in human tumors with SMC5/6 dysfunction, consistent with synthetic lethality. Cancer cells depleted of SMC5/6 incur substantial genome damage from APOBEC3A activity during DNA replication. Further, APOBEC3A activity results in replication tract lengthening which is dependent on PrimPol, consistent with re-initiation of DNA synthesis downstream of APOBEC3A-induced lesions. Loss of SMC5/6 abrogates elongated replication tracts and increases DNA breaks upon APOBEC3A activity. Our findings indicate that replication fork lengthening reflects a DNA damage response to APOBEC3A activity that promotes genome stability in an SMC5/6-dependent manner. Therefore, SMC5/6 presents a potential therapeutic vulnerability in tumors with active APOBEC3A.
Multi-signal regulation of the GSK-3β homolog Rim11 controls meiosis entry in budding yeast
Authors: Kociemba Johanna , Jørgensen Andreas Christ Sølvsten , Tadić Nika , Harris Anthony , Sideri Theodora , Chan Wei Yee , Ibrahim Fairouz , Ünal Elçin , Skehel Mark , Shahrezaei Vahid , Argüello-Miranda Orlando , van Werven Folkert Jacobus 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStarvation in diploid budding yeast cells triggers a cell-fate program culminating in meiosis and spore formation. Transcriptional activation of early meiotic genes (EMGs) hinges on the master regulator Ime1, its DNA-binding partner Ume6, and GSK-3β kinase Rim11. Phosphorylation of Ume6 by Rim11 is required for EMG activation. We report here that Rim11 functions as the central signal integrator for controlling Ume6 phosphorylation and EMG transcription. In nutrient-rich conditions, PKA suppresses Rim11 levels, while TORC1 retains Rim11 in the cytoplasm. Inhibition of PKA and TORC1 induces Rim11 expression and nuclear localization. Remarkably, nuclear Rim11 is required, but not sufficient, for Rim11-dependent Ume6 phosphorylation. In addition, Ime1 is an anchor protein enabling Ume6 phosphorylation by Rim11. Subsequently, Ume6-Ime1 coactivator complexes form and induce EMG transcription. Our results demonstrate how various signaling inputs (PKA/TORC1/Ime1) converge through Rim11 to regulate EMG expression and meiosis initiation. We posit that the signaling-regulatory network elucidated here generates robustness in cell-fate control.
HR 10 as seen by CHEOPS and TESS
Authors: Salmon S. J. A. J. , Van Grootel V. , Sulis S. , Szabó Gy. M. , Brandeker A. , Broeg C. , Ehrenreich D. , Hoyer S. , Sousa S. G. , Kiefer F. , Gandolfi D. , Nardiello D. , Charpinet S. , Bonfanti A. , Wilson T. G. , Alibert Y. , Alonso R. , Anglada G. , Bárczy T. , Barrado Navascues D. , Barros S. C. C. , Baumjohann W. , Beck M. , Beck T. , Benz W. , Billot N. , Bonfils X. , Borsato L. , Cabrera J. , Cessa V. , Charnoz S. , Collier Cameron A. , Corral van Damme C. , Csizmadia Sz. , Cubillos P. E. , Davies M. B. , Deleuil M. , Delrez L. , Demangeon O. D. S. , Demory B.-O. , Erikson A. , Fortier A. , Fossati L. , Fridlund M. , Gillon M. , Güdel M. , Hasiba J. , Isaak K. G. , Kiss L. L. , Laskar J. , Lecavelier des Etangs A. , Lendl M. , Lovis C. , Magrin D. , Maxted P. F. L. , Mordasini C. , Nascimbeni V. , Olofsson G. , Ottensamer R. , Pagano I. , Pallé E. , Peter G. , Piotto G. , Pollacco D. , Queloz D. , Ragazzoni R. , Rando N. , Rauer H. , Ribas I. , Santos N. C. , Scandariato G. , Ségransan D. , Simon A. E. , Smith A. M. S. , Steller M. , Thomas N. , Udry S. , Venturini J. , Viotto V. , Walter I. , Walton N. A. 
Published: June 2024

Context. HR 10 has only recently been identified as a binary system. Previously thought to be an A-type shell star, it appears that both components are fast-rotating A-type stars, each presenting a circumstellar envelope. Although showing complex photometric variability, spectroscopic observations of the metallic absorption lines reveal variation explained by the binarity, but not indicative of debris-disc inhomogeneities or sublimating exocomets. On the other hand, the properties of the two stars make them potential δ Scuti pulsators.
Aims. The system has been observed in two sectors by the TESS satellite, and was the target of three observing visits by CHEOPS. Thanks to these new data, we aim to further characterise the stellar properties of the two components. In particular, we aim to decipher the extent to which the photometric variability can be attributed to a stellar origin. In complement, we searched in the lightcurves for transient-type events that could reveal debris discs or exocomets.
Methods. We analysed the photometric variability of both the TESS and CHEOPS datasets in detail. We first performed a frequency analysis to identify and list all the periodic signals that may be related to stellar oscillations or surface variability. The signals identified as resulting from the stellar variability were then removed from the lightcurves in order to search for transient events in the residuals.
Results. We report the detection of δ Scuti pulsations in both the TESS and CHEOPS data, but we cannot definitively identify which of the components is the pulsating star. In both datasets, we find flicker noise with the characteristics of a stellar granulation signal. However, it remains difficult to firmly attribute it to actual stellar granulation from convection, given the very thin surface convective zones predicted for both stars. Finally, we report probable detection of transient events in the CHEOPS data, without clear evidence of their origin.
A sample of 554 white dwarfs showing infrared excess from Gaia EDR3 and CatWISE catalogs
Authors: Favieres Cristina Madurga , Kissler-Patig Markus , Xu Siyi , Bonsor Amy 
Published: June 2024

Context. White dwarfs (WDs) are generally intrinsically faint in the infrared (IR). Excess emission in the infrared results from low-mass companions or dusty material, potentially linked to the on-going accretion of planetary material.
Aims. This work presents a new catalog of white dwarfs with (candidate) infrared excess.
Methods. The final sample comes from a cross-match between the Gaia Early Data Release (EDR3) white dwarf candidates, and the CatWISE catalog, with candidate infrared excesses determined considering both magnitude and color excess. A magnitude excess is found to be more reliable than a color excess.
Results. The final catalog contains 554 infrared excess candidates (446 are presented for the first time here) from 41 020 white-dwarf candidates with a Gaia magnitude of G < 18.5 mag. Our infrared excess candidate sample extends to a white-dwarf temperature range of 4500–98 000 K and a white-dwarf mass range of 0.1–1.2 M⊙. We caution that these objects should be treated as infrared excess candidates until confirmed with other methods.
Conclusions. We present a three-fold increase in the sample of white dwarfs known to have infrared excesses. Among the sample applications is the study of the accretion of planetary material by white dwarfs and the identification of new white-dwarf-brown-dwarf pairs.
Properties of sunspot light bridges on a geometric height scale
Authors: Esteban Pozuelo S. , Asensio Ramos A. , Díaz Baso C. J. , Ruiz Cobo B. 
Published: June 2024

Context. Investigating light bridges (LBs) helps us comprehend key aspects of sunspots. However, few studies have analyzed the properties of LBs in terms of the geometric height, which is a more realistic perspective given the corrugation of the solar atmosphere.
Aims. We aim to shed light on LBs by studying the variation in their physical properties with geometric height.
Methods. We used the SICON code to infer the physical quantities in terms of the optical depth and the Wilson depression values of three LBs hosted by a sunspot observed with Hinode/SP in the Fe I 630 nm pair lines. We also used SIR inversions to cross-check the height variation of the field inclination in the LBs. In both output sets, we performed linear interpolation to convert the physical parameters from optical depth into a geometric height scale in each pixel.
Results. Depending on their general appearance, we classified each LB as filamentary, grainy, or umbral. They appear as ridges that reach different maximum heights, with the umbral LB being the deepest. While the filamentary LB hosts a plasma inflow from the penumbra, the results for the grainy LB are compatible with an injection of hot plasma through convective cells of reduced field strength. Only a few positions reveal hints suggesting a cusp-like magnetic canopy. Moreover, strong gradients in the magnetic field strength and inclination usually exhibit enhanced electric currents, with the filamentary LB having remarkably strong currents that appear to be related to chromospheric events.
Conclusions. The height stratification in filamentary and grainy LBs differ, indicating diverse mechanisms at work. Our results are in general incompatible with a magnetic canopy scenario, and further analysis is needed to confirm whether it exists along the entire LB or only at specific locations. Furthermore, this work assesses the usefulness of the SICON code when determining the height stratification of solar structures.
LIME: A LIne MEasuring library for large and complex spectroscopic data sets
Authors: Fernández V. , Amorín R. , Firpo V. , Morisset C. 
Published: June 2024

Context. The upcoming generation of telescopes, instruments, and surveys is poised to usher in an unprecedented “Big Data” era in the field of astronomy. Within this context, even seemingly modest tasks such as spectral line analyses could become increasingly challenging for astronomers.
Aims. In this paper, we announce the release of LIME. This package is tailored for multidisciplinary observations with long-slit and integral field spectroscopy (IFS) support. LIME functions encompass the reading of observational files, detecting lines, conditioned line fitting, and the plotting and storage of results. Most importantly, these measurements are structured to support the subsequent chemical and kinematic analyses.
Methods. To reduce the coding effort required from users, we introduced a notation system for atomic transitions that is accessible to humans and machine-readable. Along with this system, we present an extensive database of line bands, spanning from the ultraviolet to the infrared wavelength range. Additionally, we propose a model designed to train machine learning algorithms in line detection. LIME features a comprehensive online documentation, which details the command attributes and includes several tutorials. These tutorials range from measuring a single line to analyzing an entire IFS data cube.
Results. This library functions and measurements are showcased in an online virtual observatory. The data in this interactive website come from the JWST NIRSpec observations of the CEERs survey. In this regard, LIME offers improvements related to the dissemination and accessibility of astronomical spectra.
The SRG/eROSITA All-Sky Survey
Authors: McCall Hannah , Reiprich Thomas H. , Veronica Angie , Pacaud Florian , Sanders Jeremy , Edler Henrik W. , Brüggen Marcus , Bulbul Esra , de Gasperin Francesco , Gatuzz Efrain , Liu Ang , Merloni Andrea , Migkas Konstantinos , Zhang Xiaoyuan 
Published: June 2024

Context. As the closest galaxy cluster, the Virgo Cluster is an exemplary environment for the study of the large-scale filamentary structure and physical effects that are present in cluster outskirts but absent from the more easily studied inner regions.
Aims. Here, we present an analysis of the SRG/eROSITA data from five all-sky surveys.
Methods. eROSITA allows us to resolve the entire Virgo cluster and its outskirts on scales between 1 kpc and 3 Mpc, covering a total area on the sky of about 25° by 25°. We utilized image manipulation techniques and surface brightness profiles to search for extended emission, surface brightness edges, and features in the outskirts. We employed a method of comparing mean and median profiles to measure gas clumping out to and beyond the virial radius.
Results. Surface brightness analysis of the cluster and individual sectors of the cluster reveal the full extent of previously identified cold fronts to the north and south. The emissivity bias due to gas clumping, which we quantify over three orders of magnitude in the radial range, is found to be mild, consistent with previous findings. We find uniform clumping measurements in all directions, with no enhancements along candidate filaments. We find an estimated virial gas mass of Mgas, r < r200 = (1.98 ± 0.70)×1013 M⊙. Through imaging analysis we detect the presence of extended emission spanning 320 kpc to the southwest of M49. The extension has a significance of 3.15σ and is coincident with radio emission detected with LOFAR, which could be evidence of an accretion shock or turbulent reacceleration as the M49 group or background W′ cloud falls into the cluster and interacts with the intracluster medium.
Validation of EUHFORIA cone and spheromak coronal mass ejection models
Authors: Rodriguez L. , Shukhobodskaia D. , Niemela A. , Maharana A. , Samara E. , Verbeke C. , Magdalenic J. , Vansintjan R. , Mierla M. , Scolini C. , Sarkar R. , Kilpua E. , Asvestari E. , Herbst K. , Lapenta G. , Chaduteau A. D. , Pomoell J. , Poedts S. 
Published: June 2024

Aims.We present validation results for calculations of arrival times and geomagnetic impact of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) using the cone and spheromak CME models implemented in EUropean Heliospheric FORecasting Information Asset (EUHFORIA). Validating numerical models is crucial for ensuring their accuracy and performance with respect to real data.Methods.We compared CME plasma and magnetic field signatures measured in situ by satellites at the L1 point with the simulation output of EUHFORIA. The validation of this model was carried out using two datasets in order to ensure a comprehensive evaluation. The first dataset focuses on 16 CMEs that arrived at Earth, offering specific insights into the model’s accuracy in predicting arrival time and geomagnetic impact. Meanwhile, the second dataset encompasses all CMEs observed over eight months within Solar Cycle 24, regardless of whether or not they arrived at Earth, covering periods of both solar minimum and maximum activity. This second dataset enables a more comprehensive evaluation of the model’s predictive precision in term of CME arrivals and misses.Results.Our results show that EUHFORIA provides good estimates in terms of arrival times, with root mean square error (RMSE) values of 9 hours. Regarding the number of correctly predicted ICME arrivals and misses, we find a 75% probability of detection in a 12 hour time window and 100% probability of detection in a 24 hour time window. The geomagnetic impact forecasts measured by theKpindex provide different degrees of accuracy ranging from 31% to 69%. These results validate the use of cone and spheromak CMEs for real-time space weather forecasting.