bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A pharmacist-led intervention for increasing the uptake of Home Medicines Review (HMR) among residents of retirement villages (PHARMER): protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Lee Cik Yin , George Johnson , Elliott Rohan A , Stewart Kay 
Published: November 2011

Abstract

Background
The majority of retirement village residents are at risk of medication misadventure. In a recent survey of retirement village residents in Victoria, two-thirds had at least one medication-related risk factor, and hence were eligible to receive a government-subsidised Home Medicines Review (HMR). However, only 6% of eligible residents had received a HMR in the previous 12 months. Reasons for the poor uptake of HMR, and interventions for improving HMR uptake, have been identified and developed with input from stakeholders. The trial will test the effect of Pharmacist-conducted HMR to Address the Risk of Medication-related Events in Retirement Villages (PHARMER) in improving the uptake of HMRs among retirement village residents.

Methods/Design
This is a multicentre prospective cluster randomised controlled trial. Ten retirement villages in Victoria, Australia will be recruited for this trial. Retirement villages will be selected in consultation with the Residents of Retirement Villages Victoria Inc. (RRVV), based on geographical locations (e.g. northeast or southwest), size and other factors. Residents from selected villages will be recruited with the help of RRVV Resident Liaison Officers using a range of strategies. Randomisation will be by geographical location to minimise contamination. Participating villages and residents will be allocated to either Pharmacist Intervention Group (PIG) or Usual Care Group (UCG). Each group will include five retirement villages and will have at least 77 residents in total. The intervention (PHARMER) comprises educating residents regarding HMR, and using a risk assessment checklist by residents to notify their General Practitioners of their medication risk. Uptake of HMR and medication adherence will be assessed in both PIG and UCG at three and six months using telephone interviews and questionnaires.

Discussion
This study is the first to develop and test an intervention to improve the uptake of HMR among Australian residents in retirement villages, with a view to decreasing medication risk. A multi-faceted interventional approach will be used as suggested by stakeholders. The trial is expected to be complete by late 2011 and results will be available in 2012.

Trial Registration
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12611000109909)
Dietary fat intake and quality of life: the SUN project
Authors: Ruano Cristina , Henriquez Patricia , Bes-Rastrollo Maira , Ruiz-Canela Miguel , del Burgo Cristina López , Sánchez-Villegas Almudena 
Published: November 2011

Abstract

Background
Few studies have related nutritional factors with quality of life in healthy populations. The purpose of the study was to assess whether dietary fat intake is associated to mental and physical quality of life.

Methods
This analysis included 8,430 participants from the SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) Project. The intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), trans unsaturated fatty acids (TFA), and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was assessed through a 136-item food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Quality of life was measured with the SF-36 Health Survey after 4 years of follow-up. Generalized Linear Models were fitted to assess the regression coefficients (b) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the 8 domains of the SF-36 according to successive quintiles of each kind of fatty acids intake.

Results
The multivariate-adjusted models revealed a significant inverse association for SFA intake (in quintiles) and two of the physical domains (physical functioning and general health). E.g. for general health domain: (highest quintile of intake (Q5) vs. lowest quintile (Q1), b = -1.6; 95% CI = -3.1, -0.1. General health also showed a dose-response relationship (p for trend < 0.05). For TFA intake (in quintiles), a significant inverse association was found for most of the mental domains (vitality, social functioning and role emotional). E.g. for vitality domain (Q5) vs. (Q1), b = -2.0, 95% CI = -3.4 to -0.6. We also found an inverse association between TFA intake and the bodily pain domain: (Q5 vs. Q1), b = -2.6; 95% CI = -4.4 to -0.8, with a statistically significant dose-response relationship (p for trend < 0.05). Except for TFA intake and the mental domains, the rest of the associations were attenuated when we repeated the analysis adjusting for adherence to the Mediterranean diet.

Conclusions
A detrimental relationship between TFA intake at baseline and most of the SF-36 mental domains measured 4 years later were found, whereas weak inverse associations were found for SFA intake and some physical domains.
East-West gradient in cardio-vascular mortality in Austria: how much can we explain by following the pattern of risk factors?
Authors: Stein Katharina V , Rieder Anita , Dorner Thomas E 
Published: November 2011

Abstract

Background
Various studies show major regional differences in the prevalence of cardio-vascular disease morbidity and mortality, both in Europe and within European countries. In Austria, these differences are documented by an East-West gradient with declining morbidity and mortality rates when moving from the East to the West of the country. It was the aim of this study to analyse if, and to what extent, socio-demographic and socio-economic determinants, social resources and health behaviour can contribute to the clarification of this East-West gradient by conducting secondary analyses of an existing Austrian health dataset.

Results
The data were analysed using bivariate analyses, as well as univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. These analyses revealed significant East-West gradients for various risk factors, as well as socio-demographic and socio-economic health determinants. There was a gradual decrease of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and psycho-social discomfort in both sexes, with the highest prevalences in those Austrian regions with the highest cardio-vascular mortality and a stepwise decrease to the regions with the lowest cardio-vascular mortality. Controlling for educational level significantly raised the odds for diabetes, hypertension and obesity. In the results of the multivariate analyses, factors that significantly and independently predicted diabetes mellitus were geographic location, psycho-social discomfort, lack of physical exercise, and age in both sexes. For women these factors additionally included a low educational level, lack of social support, and being born abroad.

Conclusions
Our study shows a clear gradual decline of cardio-vascular mortality and some of its risk factors from East to West in Austria. Concerning these risk factors, the geographic region and psycho-social discomfort showed the greatest association with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and obesity. Hence, they contribute to the explanation of the variance in spatial cardio-vascular disease mortality. Yet, a large proportion of this variance remains unexplained. It would be of great importance to public health and preventive measures to take a closer look at spatial differences in cardio-vascular disease morbidity and mortality to better tailor programmes to the regional environments and settings. Our results also call for a greater importance of preventative measures for psycho-social discomfort and increase of social support.
Safety and feasibility of percutaneous retrograde coronary sinus delivery of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation in patients with chronic refractory angina
Authors: Tuma Jorge , Fernández-Viña Roberto , Carrasco Antonio , Castillo Jorge , Cruz Carlos , Carrillo Alvaro , Ercilla Jose , Yarleque Carlos , Cunza Jaime , Henry Timothy D , Patel Amit N 
Published: November 2011

Abstract

Background
Chronic refractory angina is a challenging clinical problem with limited treatment options. The results of early cardiovascular stem cell trials using ABMMC have been promising but have utilized intracoronary or intramyocardial delivery. The goal of the study was to evaluate the safety and early efficacy of autologous bone marrow derived mononuclear cells (ABMMC) delivered via percutaneous retrograde coronary sinus perfusion (PRCSP) to treat chronic refractory angina (CRA).

Methods
From May 2005 to October 2006, 14 patients, age 68 +/- 20 years old, with CRA and ischemic stress-induced myocardial segments assessed by SPECT received a median 8.19*108 ± 4.3*108 mononuclear and 1.65*107 ± 1.42*107 CD34+ cells by PRCSP..

Results
ABMMC delivery was successful in all patients with no arrhythmias, elevated cardiac enzymes or complications related to the delivery. All but one patient improved by at least one Canadian Cardiovascular Society class at 2 year follow-up compared to baseline (p < 0.001). The median baseline area of ischemic myocardium by SPECT of 38.2% was reduced to 26.5% at one year and 23.5% at two years (p = 0.001). The median rest left ventricular ejection fraction by SPECT at baseline was 31.2% and improved to 35.5% at 2 year follow up (p = 0.019).

Conclusions
PRCSP should be considered as an alternative method of delivery for cell therapy with the ability to safely deliver large number of cells regardless of coronary anatomy, valvular disease or myocardial dysfunction. The clinical improvement in angina, myocardial perfusion and function in this phase 1 study is encouraging and needs to be confirmed in randomized placebo controlled trials.
Improvement on thermal performance of a disk-shaped miniature heat pipe with nanofluid
Authors: Tsai Tsung-Han , Chien Hsin-Tang , Chen Ping-Hei 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the effect of suspended nanoparticles in base fluids, namely nanofluids, on the thermal resistance of a disk-shaped miniature heat pipe [DMHP]. In this study, two types of nanoparticles, gold and carbon, in aqueous solution are used respectively. An experimental system was set up to measure the thermal resistance of the DMHP with both nanofluids and deionized [DI] water as the working medium. The measured results show that the thermal resistance of DMHP varies with the charge volume and the type of working medium. At the same charge volume, a significant reduction in thermal resistance of DMHP can be found if nanofluid is used instead of DI water.
Outcome of experimental porcine circovirus type 1 infections in mid-gestational porcine foetuses
Authors: Saha Dipongkor , Lefebvre David J , Ducatelle Richard , Doorsselaere Jan V , Nauwynck Hans J 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundPorcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) has been described as a non-cytopathic contaminant of the PK-15 cell line. Several experimental infections with PCV1 failed to reproduce disease in pigs. Therefore, PCV1 is generally accepted as non-pathogenic to pigs. To our knowledge, nothing is known about the outcome of PCV1 infections in porcine foetuses. This was examined in the present study.ResultsNine foetuses from three sows were inoculated at 55 days of gestation: three with 104.3TCID50of the PCV1 cell culture strain ATCC-CCL33, three with 104.3TCID50of the PCV1 field strain 3384 and three with cell culture medium (mock-inoculated). At 21 days post-inoculation, all 6 PCV1-inoculated and all 3 mock-inoculated foetuses had a normal external appearance. Microscopic lesions characterized by severe haemorrhages were observed in the lungs of two foetuses inoculated with CCL33. High PCV1 titres (up to 104.7TCID50/g tissue) were found in the lungs of the CCL33-inoculated foetuses. All other organs of the CCL33-inoculated foetuses and all the organs of the 3384-inoculated foetuses were negative (< 101.7TCID50/g tissue) by virus titration. PCV1-positive cells (up to 121 cells/10 mm2in CCL33-inoculated foetuses and up to 13 cells/10 mm2in 3384-inoculated foetuses) were found in the heart, lungs, spleen, liver, thymus and tonsils. PCR and DNA sequencing ofReprecovered CCL33 or 3384 sequences from CCL33- or 3384-inoculated foetuses, respectively.ConclusionsFrom this study, it can be concluded that cell culture PCV1 can replicate efficiently and produce pathology in the lungs of porcine foetuses inoculated at 55 days of foetal life.
Current status of medication adherence and infant follow up in the prevention of mother to child HIV transmission programme in Addis Ababa: a cohort study
Authors: Mirkuzie Alemnesh H , Hinderaker Sven Gudmund , Sisay Mitike Molla , Moland Karen Marie , Mørkve Odd 
Published: November 2011

BackgroundPrevention of mother to child HIV transmission (PMTCT) programmes have great potential to achieve virtual elimination of perinatal HIV transmission provided that PMTCT recommendations are properly followed. This study assessed mothers and infants adherence to medication regimen for PMTCT and the proportions of exposed infants who were followed up in the PMTCT programme.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted among 282 HIV‐positive mothers attending 15 health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Descriptive statistics, bivariate and mulitivariate logistic regression analyses were done.ResultsOf 282 mothers enrolled in the cohort, 232 (82%, 95% CI 77‐86%) initiated medication during pregnancy, 154 (64%) initiated combined zidovudine (ZDV) prophylaxis regimen while 78 (33%) were initiated lifelong antiretroviral treatment (ART). In total, 171 (60%, 95% CI 55‐66%) mothers ingested medication during labour. Of the 221 live born infants (including two sets of twins), 191 (87%, 95% CI 81‐90%) ingested ZDV and single‐dose nevirapine (sdNVP) at birth. Of the 219 live births (twin births were counted once), 148 (68%, 95% CI 61‐73%) mother‐infant pairs ingested their medication at birth. Medication ingested by mother‐infant pairs at birth was significantly and independently associated with place of delivery. Mother‐infant pairs attended in health facilities at birth were more likely (OR 6.7 95% CI 2.90‐21.65) to ingest their medication than those who were attended at home. Overall, 189 (86%, 95% CI 80‐90%) infants were brought for first pentavalent vaccine and 115 (52%, 95% CI 45‐58%) for early infant diagnosis at six‐weeks postpartum. Among the infants brought for early diagnosis, 71 (32%, 95% CI 26‐39%) had documented HIV test results and six (8.4%) were HIV positive.ConclusionsWe found a progressive decline in medication adherence across the perinatal period. There is a big gap between mediation initiated during pregnancy and actually ingested by the mother‐infant pairs at birth. Follow up for HIV‐exposed infants seem not to be organized and is inconsistent. In order to maximize effectiveness of the PMTCT programme, the rate of institutional delivery should be increased, the quality of obstetric services should be improved and missed opportunities to exposed infant follow up should be minimized.
Influence of oil wettability upon spectral induced polarization of oil-bearing sands
Authors: Revil André , Schmutz Myriam , Batzle Mike L. 
Published: November 2011

The presence of oil in an unconsolidated granular porous material, like a sand, changes both the resistivity of the material and the value of the phase lag between the current and the voltage. We performed laboratory experiments to investigate the influence of oil wettability and water saturation upon the complex resistivity of oil-bearing sands in the frequency range 1 mHz–1 kHz. For a sand saturated by a nonwetting oil, both the resistivity and the magnitude of the phase increase with the oil saturation, as expected from theoretical considerations. In the case of a sand partially saturated by a wetting oil, we found that both the magnitude of the phase and the resistivity decrease with the oil saturation. The quadrature conductivity decreases with the oil with the same trend in presence of wetting and nonwetting oils for relative water saturation above 0.5. In the case of a nonwetting oil, the results are quantitatively predicted by available theories. In the case of a wet oil, our results could be interpreted as resulting from the increase of the cation exchange capacity associated with the presence of a polar component at the oil water interface.
An Exact Method for the Capacitated Location-Routing Problem
Authors: Baldacci Roberto , Mingozzi Aristide , Wolfler Calvo Roberto 
Published: November 2011

The capacitated location-routing problem (LRP) consists of opening one or more depots on a given set of a-priori defined depot locations, and designing, for each opened depot, a number of routes in order to supply the demands of a given set of customers. With each depot are associated a fixed cost for opening it and a capacity that limits the quantity that can be delivered to the customers. The objective is to minimize the sum of the fixed costs for opening the depots and the costs of the routes operated from the depots. This paper describes a new exact method for solving the LRP based on a set-partitioning-like formulation of the problem. The lower bounds produced by different bounding procedures, based on dynamic programming and dual ascent methods, are used by an algorithm that decomposes the LRP into a limited set of multicapacitated depot vehicle-routing problems (MCDVRPs). Computational results on benchmark instances from the literature show that the proposed method outperforms the current best-known exact methods, both for the quality of the lower bounds achieved and the number and the dimensions of the instances solved to optimality.
Kangaroo Care and Breastfeeding of Mother–Preterm Infant Dyads 0–18 Months: A Randomized, Controlled Trial
Authors: Hake-Brooks Sara , Anderson Gene Cranston 
Published: November 2011

Purpose:To determine the effects of kangaroo care (KC) (skin-to-skin contact) on breastfeeding status in mother–preterm infant dyads from postpartum through 18 months.Design:Randomized, controlled trial. The control group received standard nursery care; in the intervention group, unlimited KC was encouraged.Sample:A subsample of 66 mothers and their preterm infants (32–36 completed weeks gestation, 1,300–3,000 g, 5 minute Apgar ≥6) who intended to breastfeed.Main Outcome Variables:Breastfeeding status at hospital discharge and at 1.5, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months as measured by the Index of Breastfeeding Status.Results:KC dyads, compared to control dyads, breastfed significantly longer (5.08 months vs 2.05 months),p= .003. KC dyads also breastfed more exclusively at each measurement,p= .047. More KC dyads than control dyads breastfed at full exclusivity (100 percent breast milk, index of breastfeeding status levels 1 or 2) at discharge and at 1.5, 3, and 6 months. Mean KC contact per day was 4.47 hours.
Developmental Considerations in Working with Newborn Infants of Mothers with Diabetes
Authors: Quist Miller Margaret , Morris Lizbeth Ann 
Published: November 2011

AbstractInfants of diabetic mothers (IDMs) are at risk for an altered developmental course beginning with physiologic alterations in utero. This article describes physiologic and behavioral factors that impact the fetus and newborn infant and may have long-term developmental consequences. A clinical reasoning process to support development optimizes the outcomes of IDMs while in the NICU. Specific interventions are suggested.
Gram-Negative Neonatal Osteomyelitis: Two Case Reports
Authors: Zhang Jinping , Lee Ben H. , Chen Chao 
Published: November 2011

AbstractNeonatal osteomyelitis is a rare and challenging diagnosis, particularly in the early onset period. Neonatal osteomyelitis is predominantly caused byStaphylococcus aureuswith single bone involvement. Here, we report two cases of neonatal osteomyelitis in premature infants caused byKlebsiella pneumoniaewith multiple bone lesions. Both cases presented with sepsis and meningitis and were initially diagnosed by incidental findings on plain films, with follow-up bone scan imaging. In both cases, diagnosis was timely and treatment was successful. These cases highlight the need to include neonatal osteomyelitis in the differential diagnosis when late-onset or prolonged neonatal sepsis is present, particularly because long-term outcome is dependent on rapid diagnosis and initiation of treatment.
The Case for and Against Using Ball-Drop Multi-Stage Fracturing Systems in Unconventional Horizontal Wells
Authors: Lehman Lyle V. , Shah Koras 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
The use of multi-stage stimulation tools to accelerate the process of stimulating horizontal wells has grown at a tremendous rate. In fact, the usage of these systems is currently underwritten by stimulation service companies because time constraints are minimized on 20-plus-stage treatments. However, using these tools can come with a cost.
This paper will examine the cost benefit of using these tools in unconventional matrix and naturally fractured-based gas and oil completions. The authors will present data that will help readers choose a system to meet their needs based on their particular case. Impact on production rate and ultimate recovery, frac fluid imbibition, reduced service costs, risk in running these systems in horizontal wells and other factors will be explored.
Influence of Thermo-Elastic Stress on Fracturing a Horizontal Injector During Geological CO2 Storage
Authors: Luo Zhiyuan , Bryant Steven L. 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
Horizontal injection wells could be widely used in geological storage projects to provide large injectivities into formations with less favorable permeability-thickness products. Injection induced fracturing, which plays an important role in injection and storage risk assessment, is much more complex for horizontal well than vertical well,. The temperature variation of formation around wellbore due to cool CO2 injection introduces thermo-elastic stress which dramatically decrease critical fracture pressure under some strategies. According to the definition of thermo-elastic stress, the temperature profile of CO2 in horizontal wellbore essentially determines its magnitude.
A model is developed to describe heat transfer between wellbore fluid and surrounding formations by extending our previous heat transfer model of vertical wellbore. In the model, CO2 flux along horizontal wellbore is divided to uniform and non-uniform flux. Mass flow rate of the former case is linear; in the latter case, mass flow rate depends is non-linear and depends of the pressure drop along the wellbore, which is related to friction loss.
The model analyzes factors that affect temperature difference between wellbore CO2 and formation by several dimensionless groups: (1) dimensionless ratio of the rate of heat transfer to the rate of advective transport of enthalpy in vertical wellbore; (2) the length ratio of horizontal well over vertical well; (3) dimensionless friction factor. With new criterion by considering the influence of thermo-elastic stress, we optimize perforation zone of horizontal wellbore to prevent fracturing. Additionally, the influence of formation properties wellbore pressure is discussed to estimate safe perforation zone of horizontal wellbore.