bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intentional Control and Operational Constraints in Prosodic Phrasing: A Study of Picture-elicited Narrations by French Children
Authors: Vion Monique , Colas Annie 
Published: November 2009

This study deals with the determinants of prosodic phrasing in French schoolchildren’s narratives. Children (aged 7 to 11) told picture stories to a silent same-age peer. The establishment of temporal and/or causal relations between the events was more or less guided by the drawings (ordered vs. arbitrary sequences). The comprehension of the referential links was more or less supported by the way the frames were displayed (simultaneous vs. consecutive display mode). Four storytelling conditions that differed by the constraints imposed on inference-resolving and memory-searching were thus defined. Naïve French listeners were asked to segment tape-recorded narrations using prosodic variation as a criterion, and to decide whether each prosodic segment was “conclusive” or “continuative.” The comparison of the listeners’ segmentation labels to those of an expert (functional and formal annotation) showed that more than 91% of the labels corresponded to prosodic boundaries and more than 78% of the non-terminal labels corresponded to non-terminal boundaries, but only 55% of the terminal labels corresponded to terminal boundaries. The storytellers’ boundaries were then analyzed as a function of age and storytelling conditions. Non-terminal and terminal boundaries varied with the picture-display mode. Terminal boundaries also depended on the type of event sequence, and non-terminal boundaries on the improvement of the linguistic and communicative skills of the narrators. Terminal judgments of non-terminal boundaries mainly occurred in texts where each event was told in a single proposition either without anaphoric references to the main character or with anaphoric pronouns.
Les préférences politiques et électorales des Argentins: mémoires des votes (1946—2001)
Authors: Ferrari Marcela 
Published: November 2009

Cet article tente d’éclairer les motivations des préférences électorales et politiques des Argentins pendant la deuxième moitié du XXe siècle en analysant les perceptions des ‘gens du commun’, c’est-à-dire, des personnes éloignées des lieux gouvernementaux de prise de décision. Les analyses des sciences sociales sur les processus politiques de l’histoire de l’Argentine sont ici confrontées avec les perceptions des individus qui font appel à leur mémoire de vote et à la façon dont ils se souviennent avoir vécu différents événements, ainsi qu’à leur évaluation personnelle quant à l’importance de leur participation électorale. Les témoignages des protagonistes de ‘l’histoire d’en bas’ donnent à voir des opinions — ou parfois des évocations — sur la politique et les hommes politiques de la période 1946—2001. Ils expriment des sentiments ou des émotions qui permettent de compléter, nuancer, confronter ou encore mettre en tension les interprétations historiographiques avec lesquelles ils sont mis en dialogue. Ces différents protagonistes ont tous pris une position plus ou moins tranchée par rapport aux partis politiques ou aux gouvernements dont ils ont été contemporains et surtout, au clivage péronisme/anti-péronisme qui, de 1946 à nos jours, a parcouru l’histoire de l’Argentine. Mots-clés: Histoire de l’Argentine; Histoire récente; Mémoire; Participation électorale; Participation politique
Living Smart Homes
Authors: Miller Evonne , Buys Laurie , Bell Lorraine 
Published: November 2009

This article documents the rationale and experience of a pilot Australian sustainability education programme, ‘Living Smart Homes’ (LSH) based on a community-based social marketing model. Inspired by the Australian ‘Land for Wildlife’ scheme, LSH is designed to engage homeowners with sustainable practices through face-to-face workshops, an interactive website with action-learning modules and a recognition scheme, a sign displayed in front of participants’ homes—to which additions were made as they completed modules on energy, water, waste and transport. Participants were asked to change household behaviours and to discuss the changes and the barriers to participation in the programme and to making the behavioural changes. More than 120 people participated in the programme. This article documents feedback from two surveys and four focus groups. Participants enjoyed and learnt from LSH, praising the household sign as a tangible symbol of their commitment to sustainability and a talking point with visitors. Their evaluation of the LSH programme, website and workshops, as well as their identification of barriers and recommendations for improvement and expansion of the programme, are discussed.
Development and evaluation of the short version of the Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care instrument
Authors: Gugiu P. Cristian , Coryn Chris , Clark Ruth , Kuehn April 
Published: November 2009

Objectives: The Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) was developed for measuring the extent to which patients receive care congruent with the chronic care model (CCM). The purpose of this study was to develop a short version of the PACIC with better psychometric properties than the original instrument. Methods: Two samples of 529 and 361 type 2 diabetic patients completed a modified PACIC. A short-version PACIC instrument was developed and validated using parallel analysis to determine the number of factors, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) within an exploratory factor analysis framework (E/CFA) was conducted to explore the measurement structure of the full instrument, and a CFA was performed to confirm the hypothesized structure. Results: The results demonstrated that the PACIC is unidimensional and that it can be reduced to 11 items with no loss in psychometric properties. No demographic variables or clinical assays were found to be related to the PACIC. Discussion: A short-version PACIC is now available and ready for use in research with diabetic patients. Its use is encouraged in future research, particularly in the exploration of its validity against actual CCM services delivered and long-term clinical outcomes.
SETBP1 overexpression is a novel leukemogenic mechanism that predicts adverse outcome in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Cristóbal Ion , Blanco Francisco J. , Garcia-Orti Laura , Marcotegui Nerea , Vicente Carmen , Rifon José , Novo Francisco J. , Bandres Eva , Calasanz María J. , Bernabeu Carmelo , Odero María D. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) result from multiple genetic alterations in hematopoietic stem cells. We describe a novel t(12;18)(p13;q12) involving ETV6 in a patient with AML. The translocation resulted in overexpression of SETBP1 (18q12), located close to the breakpoint. Overexpression of SETBP1 through retroviral insertion has been reported to confer growth advantage in hematopoietic progenitor cells. We show that SETBP1 overexpression protects SET from protease cleavage, increasing the amount of full-length SET protein and leading to the formation of a SETBP1–SET-PP2A complex that results in PP2A inhibition, promoting proliferation of the leukemic cells. The prevalence of SETBP1 overexpression in AML at diagnosis (n = 192) was 27.6% and was associated with unfavorable cytogenetic prognostic group, monosomy 7, and EVI1 overexpression (P < .01). Patients with SETBP1 overexpression had a significantly shorter overall survival, and the prognosis impact was remarkably poor in patients older than 60 years in both overall survival (P = .015) and event-free survival (P = .015). In summary, our data show a novel leukemogenic mechanism through SETBP1 overexpression; moreover, multivariate analysis confirms the negative prognostic impact of SETBP1 overexpression in AML, especially in elderly patients, where it could be used as a predictive factor in any future clinical trials with PP2A activators.
Differential expression of CD21 identifies developmentally and functionally distinct subsets of human transitional B cells
Authors: Suryani Santi , Fulcher David A. , Santner-Nanan Brigitte , Nanan Ralph , Wong Melanie , Shaw Peter J. , Gibson John , Williams Andrew , Tangye Stuart G. 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
The transitional stage of B-cell development represents an important step where autoreactive cells are deleted, allowing the generation of a mature functional B-cell repertoire. In mice, 3 subsets of transitional B cells have been identified. In contrast, most studies of human transitional B cells have focused on a single subset defined as CD24hiCD38hi B cells. Here, we have identified 2 subsets of human transitional B cells based on the differential expression of CD21. CD21hi transitional cells displayed higher expression of CD23, CD44, and IgD, and exhibited greater proliferation and Ig secretion in vitro than CD21lo transitional B cells. In contrast, the CD21lo subset expressed elevated levels of LEF1, a transcription factor highly expressed by immature lymphocytes, and produced higher amounts of autoreactive Ab. These phenotypic, functional, and molecular features suggest that CD21lo transitional B cells are less mature than the CD21hi subset. This was confirmed by analyzing X-linked agammaglobulinemia patients and the kinetics of B-cell reconstitution after stem cell transplantation, which revealed that the development of CD21lo transitional B cells preceded that of CD21hi transitional cells. These findings provide important insights into the process of human B-cell development and have implications for understanding the processes underlying perturbed B-cell maturation in autoimmune and immunodeficient conditions.
Genome wide evolutionary analyses reveal serotype specific patterns of positive selection in selected Salmonella serotypes
Authors: Soyer Yeşim , Orsi Renato H , Rodriguez-Rivera Lorraine D , Sun Qi , Wiedmann Martin 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBackgroundThe bacteriumSalmonella entericaincludes a diversity of serotypes that cause disease in humans and different animal species. SomeSalmonellaserotypes show a broad host range, some are host restricted and exclusively associated with one particular host, and some are associated with one particular host species, but able to cause disease in other host species and are thus considered "host adapted". FiveSalmonellagenome sequences, representing a broad host range serotype (Typhimurium), two host restricted serotypes (Typhi [two genomes] and Paratyphi) and one host adapted serotype (Choleraesuis) were used to identify core genome genes that show evidence for recombination and positive selection.ResultsOverall, 3323 orthologous genes were identified in all 5Salmonellagenomes analyzed. Use of four different methods to assess homologous recombination identified 270 genes that showed evidence for recombination with at least one of these methods (false discovery rate [FDR] <10%). After exclusion of genes with evidence for recombination, site and branch specific models identified 41 genes as showing evidence for positive selection (FDR <20%), including a number of genes with confirmed or likely roles in virulence andompC, a gene encoding an outer membrane protein, which has also been found to be under positive selection in other bacteria. A total of 8, 16, 7, and 5 genes showed evidence for positive selection in Choleraesuis, Typhi, Typhimurium, and Paratyphi branch analyses, respectively. Sequencing and evolutionary analyses of four genes in an additional 42 isolates representing 23 serotypes confirmed branch specific positive selection and recombination patterns.ConclusionOur data show that, among the four serotypes analyzed, (i) less than 10% ofSalmonellagenes in the core genome show evidence for homologous recombination, (ii) a number ofSalmonellagenes are under positive selection, including genes that appear to contribute to virulence, and (iii) branch specific positive selection contributes to the evolution of host restrictedSalmonellaserotypes.
3' tag digital gene expression profiling of human brain and universal reference RNA using Illumina Genome Analyzer
Authors: Asmann Yan W , Klee Eric W , Thompson E Aubrey , Perez Edith A , Middha Sumit , Oberg Ann L , Therneau Terry M , Smith David I , Poland Gregory A , Wieben Eric D , Kocher Jean-Pierre A 
Published: November 2009

Abstract

Background
Massive parallel sequencing has the potential to replace microarrays as the method for transcriptome profiling. Currently there are two protocols: full-length RNA sequencing (RNA-SEQ) and 3'-tag digital gene expression (DGE). In this preliminary effort, we evaluated the 3' DGE approach using two reference RNA samples from the MicroArray Quality Control Consortium (MAQC).

Results
Using Brain RNA sample from multiple runs, we demonstrated that the transcript profiles from 3' DGE were highly reproducible between technical and biological replicates from libraries constructed by the same lab and even by different labs, and between two generations of Illumina's Genome Analyzers. Approximately 65% of all sequence reads mapped to mitochondrial genes, ribosomal RNAs, and canonical transcripts. The expression profiles of brain RNA and universal human reference RNA were compared which demonstrated that DGE was also highly quantitative with excellent correlation of differential expression with quantitative real-time PCR. Furthermore, one lane of 3' DGE sequencing, using the current sequencing chemistry and image processing software, had wider dynamic range for transcriptome profiling and was able to detect lower expressed genes which are normally below the detection threshold of microarrays.

Conclusion
3' tag DGE profiling with massive parallel sequencing achieved high sensitivity and reproducibility for transcriptome profiling. Although it lacks the ability of detecting alternative splicing events compared to RNA-SEQ, it is much more affordable and clearly out-performed microarrays (Affymetrix) in detecting lower abundant transcripts.
Tunicate mitogenomics and phylogenetics: peculiarities of the Herdmania momus mitochondrial genome and support for the new chordate phylogeny
Authors: Singh Tiratha Raj , Tsagkogeorga Georgia , Delsuc Frédéric , Blanquart Samuel , Shenkar Noa , Loya Yossi , Douzery Emmanuel JP , Huchon Dorothée 
Published: November 2009

Abstract

Background
Tunicates represent a key metazoan group as the sister-group of vertebrates within chordates. The six complete mitochondrial genomes available so far for tunicates have revealed distinctive features. Extensive gene rearrangements and particularly high evolutionary rates have been evidenced with regard to other chordates. This peculiar evolutionary dynamics has hampered the reconstruction of tunicate phylogenetic relationships within chordates based on mitogenomic data.

Results
In order to further understand the atypical evolutionary dynamics of the mitochondrial genome of tunicates, we determined the complete sequence of the solitary ascidian Herdmania momus. This genome from a stolidobranch ascidian presents the typical tunicate gene content with 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNAs and 24 tRNAs which are all encoded on the same strand. However, it also presents a novel gene arrangement, highlighting the extreme plasticity of gene order observed in tunicate mitochondrial genomes. Probabilistic phylogenetic inferences were conducted on the concatenation of the 13 mitochondrial protein-coding genes from representatives of major metazoan phyla. We show that whereas standard homogeneous amino acid models support an artefactual sister position of tunicates relative to all other bilaterians, the CAT and CAT+BP site- and time-heterogeneous mixture models place tunicates as the sister-group of vertebrates within monophyletic chordates. Moreover, the reference phylogeny indicates that tunicate mitochondrial genomes have experienced a drastic acceleration in their evolutionary rate that equally affects protein-coding and ribosomal-RNA genes.

Conclusion
This is the first mitogenomic study supporting the new chordate phylogeny revealed by recent phylogenomic analyses. It illustrates the beneficial effects of an increased taxon sampling coupled with the use of more realistic amino acid substitution models for the reconstruction of animal phylogeny.
Examination of polymorphic glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes, tobacco smoking and prostate cancer risk among Men of African Descent: A case-control study
Authors: Lavender Nicole A , Benford Marnita L , VanCleave Tiva T , Brock Guy N , Kittles Rick A , Moore Jason H , Hein David W , Kidd La Creis R 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBackgroundPolymorphisms inglutathione S-transferase(GST) genes may influence response to oxidative stress and modify prostate cancer (PCA) susceptibility. These enzymes generally detoxify endogenous and exogenous agents, but also participate in the activation and inactivation of oxidative metabolites that may contribute to PCA development. Genetic variations within selectedGSTgenes may influence PCA risk following exposure to carcinogen compounds found in cigarette smoke and decreased the ability to detoxify them. Thus, we evaluated the effects of polymorphicGSTs(M1,T1, andP1) alone and combined with cigarette smoking on PCA susceptibility.MethodsIn order to evaluate the effects ofGSTpolymorphisms in relation to PCA risk, we used TaqMan allelic discrimination assays along with a multi-faceted statistical strategy involving conventional and advanced statistical methodologies (e.g., Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction and Interaction Graphs). Genetic profiles collected from 873 men of African-descent (208 cases and 665 controls) were utilized to systematically evaluate the single and joint modifying effects ofGSTM1andGSTT1gene deletions,GSTP1105 Val and cigarette smoking on PCA risk.ResultsWe observed a moderately significant association between risk among men possessing at least one variantGSTP1105 Val allele (OR = 1.56; 95%CI = 0.95-2.58; p = 0.049), which was confirmed by MDR permutation testing (p = 0.001). We did not observe any significant single gene effects amongGSTM1(OR = 1.08; 95%CI = 0.65-1.82; p = 0.718) andGSTT1(OR = 1.15; 95%CI = 0.66-2.02; p = 0.622) on PCA risk among all subjects. Although theGSTM1-GSTP1pairwise combination was selected as the best two factor LR and MDR models (p = 0.01), assessment of the hierarchical entropy graph suggested that the observed synergistic effect was primarily driven by theGSTP1Val marker. Notably, theGSTM1-GSTP1axis did not provide additional information gain when compared to either loci alone based on a hierarchical entropy algorithm and graph. Smoking status did not significantly modify the relationship between theGSTSNPs and PCA.ConclusionA moderately significant association was observed between PCA risk and men possessing at least one variantGSTP1105 Val allele (p = 0.049) among men of African descent. We also observed a 2.1-fold increase in PCA risk associated with men possessing theGSTP1(Val/Val) andGSTM1(*1/*1 + *1/*0) alleles. MDR analysis validated these findings; detectingGSTP1105 Val (p = 0.001) as the best single factor for predicting PCA risk. Our findings emphasize the importance of utilizing a combination of traditional and advanced statistical tools to identify and validate single gene and multi-locus interactions in relation to cancer susceptibility.
Glutamatergic deficits and parvalbumin-containing inhibitory neurons in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia
Authors: Bitanihirwe BKY , Lim MP , Kelley JF , Kaneko T , Woo TUW 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBackgroundWe have previously reported that the expression of the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) for the NR2A subunit of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) class of glutamate receptor was decreased in a subset of inhibitory interneurons in the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia. In this study, we sought to determine whether a deficit in the expression of NR2A mRNA was present in the subset of interneurons that contain the calcium buffer parvalbumin (PV) and whether this deficit was associated with a reduction in glutamatergic inputs in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in schizophrenia.MethodsWe examined the expression of NR2A mRNA, labeled with a35S-tagged riboprobe, in neurons that expressed PV mRNA, visualized with a digoxigenin-labeled riboprobe via an immunoperoxidase reaction, in twenty schizophrenia and twenty matched normal control subjects. We also immunohistochemically labeled the glutamatergic axon terminals with an antibody against vGluT1.ResultsThe density of the PV neurons that expressed NR2A mRNA was significantly decreased by 48-50% in layers 3 and 4 in the subjects with schizophrenia, but the cellular expression of NR2A mRNA in the PV neurons that exhibited a detectable level of this transcript was unchanged. In addition, the density of vGluT1-immunoreactive boutons was significantly decreased by 79% in layer 3, but was unchanged in layer 5 of the PFC in schizophrenia.ConclusionThese findings suggest that glutamatergic neurotransmission via NR2A-containing NMDA receptors on PV neurons in the PFC may be deficient in schizophrenia. This may disinhibit the postsynaptic excitatory circuits, contributing to neuronal injury, aberrant information flow and PFC functional deficits in schizophrenia.
Design and evaluation of a treatment programme for Spanish adolescents with overweight and obesity. The EVASYON Study
Authors: Martinez-Gomez David , Gomez-Martinez Sonia , Puertollano M Angeles , Nova Esther , Wärnberg Julia , Veiga Oscar L , Martí Amelia , Campoy Cristina , Garagorri Jesus M , Azcona Cristina , Vaquero M Pilar , Redondo-Figuero Carlos , Delgado Manuel , Martínez J Alfredo , Garcia-Fuentes Miguel , Moreno Luis A , Marcos Ascension ,   EVASYON Study Group
Published: November 2009

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of overweight and obesity (OW/OB) among adolescents worldwide has increased since the 60 s. Spain has reached one of the highest OW/OB prevalence rates among adolescents from European countries. The aim of this methodological paper is to describe the design and evaluation in the EVASYON study (Development, implementation and evaluation of the efficacy of a therapeutic programme for adolescents with OW/OB: integral education on nutrition and physical activity).Methods/DesignThe EVASYON was planned by a multidisciplinary team to treat OW/OB in Spanish adolescents. The EVASYON is a multi-centre study conducted in 5 hospitals in 5 Spanish cities (Granada, Madrid, Pamplona, Santander and Zaragoza) and two hundred and four OW/OB Spanish adolescents were recruited for this intervention. The treatment was implemented for approximately one-year follow-up. The adolescents were treated in groups of a maximum of 10 subjects; each group had 20 visits during the treatment period in two phases: intensive during the first 2 months (1stto 9thvisits), and extensive during the last 11 months (10thto 20thvisits). In order to assess the efficacy of the treatment, 8 dimensions were measured: diet; physical activity and fitness; eating behaviour; body composition; haematological profile; metabolic profile; minerals and vitamins; immuno-inflammatory markers. Moreover, genetic polymorphisms were also determined.DiscussionThe treatment programme developed in the EVASYON study was designed as a national pilot study to be implemented as an effective treatment for adolescents with OW/OB into the Spanish Health Care Service.