bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Muscle Fiber Type Are Predictive of Skeletal Muscle Mass and Strength in Elderly Men
Authors: Verdijk Lex B. , Snijders Tim , Beelen Milou , Savelberg Hans H.C.M. , Meijer Kenneth , Kuipers Harm , van Loon Luc J.C. 
Published: November 2010

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between skeletal muscle fiber type‐specific characteristics, circulating hormone concentrations, and skeletal muscle mass and strength in older men.DESIGN: Cross‐sectional analyses.SETTING: University research center.PARTICIPANTS: Forty‐one community dwelling elderly men (≥65).MEASUREMENTS: Leg strength (1‐repetition maximum, 1RM) and whole‐body and limb muscle mass were determined, and muscle fiber type composition, cross‐sectional area (CSA), myonuclear content, and satellite cell (SC) content were assessed in skeletal muscle biopsy samples. In addition, blood samples were collected to determine serum testosterone, sex hormone–binding globulin, insulinlike growth factor (IGF)‐1, and IGF binding protein‐3 concentrations.RESULTS: Muscle mass correlated with muscle strength (0.41 ≤ correlation coefficient (r)≤0.72; P<.01). Muscle fiber CSA, myonuclear content, and SC content were significantly lower in type II than in type I muscle fibers. Myonuclear and SC content were positively correlated with muscle fiber CSA. Furthermore, greater muscle fiber CSA (type I and II) was associated with greater thigh muscle area and muscle strength (0.30 ≤ r ≤ 0.45; P<.05). Testosterone concentration was positively correlated with muscle mass and muscle fiber CSA. Regression analysis showed that SC content, myonuclear content, and testosterone concentration are predictive of muscle fiber CSA. Furthermore, muscle mass and type II muscle fiber CSA are predictive of muscle strength.CONCLUSION: Skeletal muscle mass and strength in elderly men are positively correlated with muscle fiber type–specific CSA, myonuclear content, and SC content. These findings support the assumption that a decline in SC content plays an important role in age‐related decline in muscle mass and strength.
OPTIMIZATION OF ANGIOTENSIN I‐CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORY PEPTIDE PRODUCTION BY RIBBONFISH (TRICHIURUS HAUMELA) BACKBONE HYDROLYSIS USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY
Authors: WANG JIN‐LING , HE GUO‐QING , CHEN QI‐HE , FENG FENG‐QIN , YU GUANG‐JIAN , SHOEMAKER CHARLES F. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThe effect of an acid protease hydrolysis on protein from ribbonfish backbone to produce peptides with angiotensin I‐converting enzyme inhibitory activity (ACEIP) was studied and optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). To optimize the hydrolysis reaction, a three‐step design was used which included fractional factorial design, steepest ascent design and central composite design (CCD). The results showed that the optimal conditions of ribbonfish backbone protein hydrolysis to produce ACEIP were: pH of 2.67, temperature of 45C, enzyme to substrate ratio of 1/150 (g/g protein), substrate to water ratio of 1:4.38 (g/mL) and hydrolysis time period of 7.0 h. With these conditions, the hydrolyzate concentration (mg/mL) that inhibited 50% angiotensin I‐converting enzyme activity (ACEIC50) was 1.054 ± 0.016 mg/mL, which compared well with the predicted value (1.050 mg/mL) by RSM model.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSRibbonfish is one of the principle catches from the China Sea. It is processed into various fish products in many factories in the China coastal areas. However, significant amounts of the ribbonfish backbone (12% protein, wet weight) are by‐products or waste from the processing, which are not fully utilized. It is often used as animal feedstuff. This study presents a use of the ribbonfish backbone to produce bioactive peptides with angiotensin I‐converting enzyme inhibitory activity, through optimizing an acid protease hydrolysis on protein from ribbonfish backbone using response surface methodology.
MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF DEEP‐FAT FRIED BREADED CHICKEN NUGGETS USING X‐RAY MICRO‐COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: ADEDEJI AKINBODE A. , NGADI MICHAEL O. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTX‐ray micro‐computed tomography imaging technique was applied to study microstructural characteristics of deep‐fat fried chicken nuggets. The results obtained showed a significant (P < 0.05) influence of frying conditions on microstructural properties of the deep‐fat fried breaded chicken nuggets. The porosity of the breading coating increased while that of the core remained relatively unchanged with frying time. The number of pores also increased with frying. The chicken nuggets coating and core pores showed a decreased interconnectivity after frying. The shapes of the samples' pores were between rod‐like and spherical structure. The pore size distribution for the coating and the core parts showed an increase in pores with diameter <100 µm in terms of volume and number count. Some correlations were observed between the sample's (coating and core) porosity and frying time, fat content and moisture loss.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSMicrostructural properties are critical in food quality assessment, product development and process optimization. The use of X‐ray micro‐computed tomography for food microstructural evaluation is relatively new and recent studies have shown that the technique has the potential to elucidate microstructural properties of food with greater details and resolution than some other imaging techniques such as microscopy. It gives images in 3‐D for better quantitative assessment, involves minimal sample preparation and allows scanning under native environment. This technique was used to study the microstructural properties of breading coating and chicken core parts of deep‐fat fried breaded chicken nuggets to obtain microstructural parameters that are useful in quality assessment and process modeling.
Real‐Time Analysis of Small Volume Samples with Micro Ion‐Selective Electrodes
Authors: Timms Wendy A. , Hendry M. Jim 
Published: November 2010

AbstractMicroelectrode and micro ion‐selective electrode (ISE) technologies were applied to obtain real‐time analysis of pH, Eh, and major ions (Cl−, Na+, Ca2+ and K+) in pore water samples. The precision and accuracy of micro ISEs were significantly improved by standardizing the solution matrix, accounting for electrode drift and implementing an iterative calibration procedure with analyses of selected samples by conventional techniques. Reliable results were obtained for a chemically complex pore water effluent which ranged in concentration from < 5 to 500 mmol/L. Although labor intensive, this procedure enabled real‐time analysis of samples from a column test of very low permeability clay‐rich till, which produced effluent sample volumes of only 0.2 to 0.5 mL/d.
Incorporation of Mg and Ca into Nanostructured Fe2O3 Improves Fe Solubility in Dilute Acid and Sensory Characteristics in Foods
Authors: Hilty Florentine M. , Knijnenburg Jesper T.N. , Teleki Alexandra , Krumeich Frank , Hurrell Richard F. , Pratsinis Sotiris E. , Zimmermann Michael B. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract:  Iron deficiency is one of the most common micronutrient deficiencies worldwide. Food fortification can be an effective and sustainable strategy to reduce Fe deficiency but selection of iron fortificants remains a challenge. Water‐soluble compounds, for example, FeSO4, usually demonstrate high bioavailability but they often cause unacceptable sensory changes in foods. On the other hand, poorly acid‐soluble Fe compounds, for example FePO4, may cause fewer adverse sensory changes in foods but are usually not well bioavailable since they need to be dissolved in the stomach prior to absorption. The solubility and the bioavailability of poorly acid‐soluble Fe compounds can be improved by decreasing their primary particle size and thereby increasing their specific surface area. Here, Fe oxide‐based nanostructured compounds with added Mg or Ca were produced by scalable flame aerosol technology. The compounds were characterized by nitrogen adsorption, X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and Fe solubility in dilute acid. Sensory properties of the Fe‐based compounds were tested in 2 highly reactive, polyphenol‐rich food matrices: chocolate milk and fruit yoghurt. The Fe solubility of nanostructured Fe2O3 doped with Mg or Ca was higher than that of pure Fe2O3. Since good solubility in dilute acid was obtained despite the inhomogeneity of the powders, inexpensive precursors, for example Fe‐ and Ca‐nitrates, can be used for their manufacture. Adding Mg or Ca lightened powder color, while sensory changes when added to foods were less pronounced than for FeSO4. The combination of high Fe solubility and low reactivity in foods makes these flame‐made nanostructured compounds promising for food fortification.Practical Application:  The nanostructured iron‐containing compounds presented here may prove useful for iron fortification of certain foods; they are highly soluble in dilute acid and likely to be well absorbed in the gut but cause less severe color changes than FeSO4 when added to difficult‐to‐fortify foods.
Waste Utilization and Biodiesel Production by the Green Microalga
Scenedesmus obliquus
Authors: Mandal Shovon , Mallick Nirupama 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACT

Scenedesmus obliquus
was cultivated in three types of waste discharges to couple waste treatment with biodiesel production. The lipid pool accumulation was boosted to 1.0 g liter
−1
against 0.1 g liter
−1
for the control. The waste-grown
S. obliquus
showed an increase in the content of the saturated fatty acid pool, which is desirable for good-quality biodiesel.
Expanded Fermi Solution for Estimating the Survival of Ingested Pathogenic and Probiotic Microbial Cells and Spores
Authors: Peleg Micha , Normand Mark D. , Horowitz Joseph , Corradini Maria G. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACT
The expanded Fermi solution was originally developed for estimating the number of food-poisoning victims when information concerning the circumstances of exposure is scarce. The method has been modified for estimating the initial number of pathogenic or probiotic cells or spores so that enough of them will survive the food preparation and digestive tract's obstacles to reach or colonize the gut in sufficient numbers to have an effect. The method is based on identifying the relevant obstacles and assigning each a survival probability range. The assumed number of needed survivors is also specified as a range. The initial number is then estimated to be the ratio of the number of survivors to the product of the survival probabilities. Assuming that the values of the number of survivors and the survival probabilities are uniformly distributed over their respective ranges, the sought initial number is construed as a random variable with a probability distribution whose parameters are explicitly determined by the individual factors' ranges. The distribution of the initial number is often approximately lognormal, and its mode is taken to be the best estimate of the initial number. The distribution also provides a credible interval for this estimated initial number. The best estimate and credible interval are shown to be robust against small perturbations of the ranges and therefore can help assessors achieve consensus where hard knowledge is scant. The calculation procedure has been automated and made freely downloadable as a Wolfram Demonstration.
Impurity / Danger!
Authors:   Burge
Published: November 2010

AbstractSeveral recent monographs and articles discussing ritual purity in Islam stress the independence of Islamic notions of ritual purity from neighbouring religious traditions and highlight the fact that impurity is considered less 'dangerous' in Islam. In this article, I examine the role of angels in connection with ritual purity and suggest that a number of ahādtth contest the conventional understanding of Islamic ritual law. Impurity, I argue, is much more dangerous than the fuqahāa and many contemporary scholars have suggested.
Asymptotics for Functions Associated with Heat Flow on the Sierpinski Carpet
Authors: Hambly B. M. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract We establish the asymptotic behaviour of the partition function, the heat content, the integrated eigenvalue counting function, and, for certain points, the on-diagonal heat kernel of generalized Sierpinski carpets. For all these functions the leading term is of the form xγΦ (log x) for a suitable exponent γ and Φ a periodic function. We also discuss similar results for the heat content of affine nested fractals.
Enhancement of Plant and Bacterial Lectin Binding Affinities by Three‐Dimensional Organized Cluster Glycosides Constructed on Helical Poly(phenylacetylene) Backbones
Authors: Otsuka Issei , Blanchard Bertrand , Borsali Redouane , Imberty Anne , Kakuchi Toyoji 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA series of poly(phenylacetylene)s bearing diverse saccharide pendants—N‐acetyl‐D‐glucosamine, D‐lactose, and N‐acetyl‐D‐neuraminic acid—were synthesized by rhodium‐mediated polymerizations of the corresponding acetyl‐protected glycosylated phenylacetylenes followed by deprotection. The circular dichroism spectra of these glycosylated poly(phenylacetylene)s each displayed split‐type Cotton effects in the long absorption region of the conjugated polymer backbone (260–500 nm), thus indicating predominantly one‐handed helical conformations in their backbones. The binding affinities of these glycosylated poly(phenylacetylene)s, and those of previously reported phenylacetylenes bearing D‐galactose, towards plant and bacterial lectins were investigated by hemagglutination inhibition assay and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). The stoichiometries of binding vary strongly, depending on the lectin binding sites and the accessibilities of the carbohydrate residues in the helices. The measured affinities also vary, with the maximum value observed for the interaction between poly‐PA‐α‐Gal and lectin I from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with a Kd value of 4 μM per monosaccharide representing a 200‐fold increase relative to the corresponding monomer.
Germa‐closo‐dodecaborate: An Ambident and Flexible Coordinating Ligand
Authors: Dimmer Jörg‐Alexander , Wesemann Lars 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBy following a simple one‐pot procedure that starts with FeBr2 and triphos [MeC(CH2PPh2)3] or the dimer [Ru2(μ‐Cl)3(triphos)2]Cl in reaction with the nucleophile [Bu3MeN]2[GeB11H11] in acetonitrile, the zwitterionic acetonitrile adducts [M(GeB11H11)(triphos)(MeCN)2] [M = Fe (1), M = Ru (2)] were isolated in good yield. By means of a facile η1(Ge) to η3(B–H) rearrangement, 1 and 2 can be converted into [M(GeB11H11)(triphos)] [M = Fe (3), M = Ru (4)]. The nucleophilicity of the germanium cluster vertex in the iron derivative 3 is high enough to react with [Mo(CO)5(thf)] to give the bimetallic complex [(triphos)Fe(GeB11H11)(MoCO)5] (5), which contains an ambident coordinating germaborate moiety. The new compounds have been characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and elemental analysis. Soluble complexes were also investigated by 1H, 11B, and 31P NMR spectroscopy in solution. In the case of the insoluble complex 1, solid‐state 31P NMR spectroscopy was carried out.
Enantio‐ and Diastereocontrolled Total Synthesis of (+)‐Strictifolione
Authors: Kumar Pradeep , Pandey Menaka , Gupta Priti , Naidu S. Vasudeva , Dhavale Dilip D. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA concise and practical enantioselective synthesis of (+)‐strictifolione has been achieved in high diastereomeric excess using Jacobsen's hydrolytic kinetic resolution, proline‐catalyzed sequential α‐aminoxylation and Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons olefination of aldehyde and cross olefin/ring‐closing metathesis as the key steps.
Study of Hemoglobin and Human Serum Albumin Glycation with Electrochemical Techniques
Authors: Yang Jinghua , Zhao Jing , Xiao Han , Zhang Dongmei , Li Genxi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractHigh concentration glucose in diabetes mellitus may stimulate nonenzymatic glycation of proteins. Hemoglobin (Hb) and human serum albumin (HSA) are among the most sensitive proteins for the modification by glucose. In this paper, we report our study of Hb and HSA modification by glucose using electrochemical methods. Compared with native Hb, it is found that highly glycated Hb presents lower electron transfer reactivity and electrocatalytic activity toward O2 and H2O2, and the glycation is glucose concentration and time dependent. Meanwhile, the changes of the electrochemical signal of heme after binding with HSA and glycated HSA have also suggested that proteins modified by high concentration glucose lasting for months and years in diabetes mellitus might be the reason for diabetes mellitus complication.
Tetracycline Potentiometric Sensor Based on Cyclodextrin for Pharmaceuticals and Waste Water Analysis
Authors: Cunha Cláudia O. , Silva Rita C. R. , Amorim Célia G. , Júnior Severino A. , Araújo Alberto N. , Montenegro Maria C. B. S. M. , Silva Valdinete L. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn this work, the construction and performance evaluation of PVC membranes ion‐selective electrodes for the determination of tetracycline type antibiotics is described. Electrodes with the best responses were based on plastic membranes containing 31% (w/w) PVC, 68% (w/w) of dibutylphthalate as plasticizer and 1% (w/w) of β‐cyclodextrin as ionophore. The electrodes were responsive over 6 months to tetracycline, oxytetracycline, doxycycline and chlortetracycline in glycine buffer solution (pH 2), in the dynamic range 2×10−5–10−2 mol L−1 with a constant slope of about 55 mV/dec To enable large scale analysis reducing wastes as associated costs tubular shape electrodes were coupled to a sequential‐injection analysis system and its performance evaluated using pharmaceutical samples and waste waters from a treatment facility. The sample throughput of 51 samples h−1 was enabled by the system as well as results that favorably agree with those provided by chromatographic analysis.
Analytical characterization of mandarin (Citrus deliciosa Ten.) essential oil
Authors: Dugo Paola , Bonaccorsi Ivana , Ragonese Carla , Russo Marina , Donato Paola , Santi Luca , Mondello Luigi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAn investigation was performed on 124 samples of Sicilian mandarin essential oils (Citrus deliciosa Tenore), industrially cold pressed by different extraction techniques (Brown Oil Extractor and screw press). The samples were collected during the entire productive season (from September 2008 to March 2009). The aim of the study was to determine the composition of the volatile fraction by GC/FID and GC/MS‐LRI, of the non‐volatile oxygen heterocyclic components by RP‐HPLC/PDA and LCMS‐IT‐TOF, as well as the determination of the enantiomeric ratios of some volatile components by multidimensional GC (MDGC) with chiral column in the second dimension. Three new components were identified by LCMS‐IT‐TOF in the non‐volatile fraction (demethyl‐nobiletin, isosinensetin, demethyl‐tangeretin). The results obtained are discussed to evaluate seasonal variation of the composition of the essential oil as well as the influence of the extraction techniques. This study gives a wide view on the composition of Sicilian mandarin (C. deliciosa Ten.) essential oils industrially produced during the entire productive season, useful to identify quality parameters for the analytical characterization of this product. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Father–child and mother–child interaction in families with a child feeding disorder: The role of paternal involvement
Authors: Atzaba‐Poria Naama , Meiri Gal , Millikovsky Maaian , Barkai Anat , Dunaevsky‐Idan Maayan , Yerushalmi Baruch 
Published: November 2010

AbstractTo date, research about feeding disorder (FD) has focused almost exclusively on the mother–child dyad, ignoring fathers' roles. The current study investigated father–child interactions with children having FD. The sample consisted of 67 children (1–3 years old) and their mothers and fathers. Thirty‐four children, diagnosed with a nonorganic‐based FD (FD group) and 33 children without an FD (control group) were matched for age, gender, birth order, and maternal education. Data were collected during home visits. Mothers were interviewed about their and the father's involvement in childcare. In addition, mother–child and father–child interactions were videotaped during play and feeding. Both mothers and fathers from the FD group experienced less positive parent–child interactions than did parents in the control group. Furthermore, mothers in the FD group reported greater maternal versus paternal childcare involvement than did control group mothers. Finally, FD group mothers exhibited more parental sensitivity than did fathers during feeing interactions; however, this difference was observed only when coupled with low paternal involvement. In families where fathers were highly involved, no difference was evident in paternal and maternal sensitivity. These findings highlight the importance of fathers' involvement, especially in families with children exhibiting an FD.
CREB in long‐term potentiation in hippocampus: Role of post‐translational modifications‐studies In silico
Authors: Kaleem Afshan , Hoessli Daniel C. , Haq Ikram‐ul , Walker‐Nasir Evelyne , Butt Asma , Iqbal Zeeshan , Zamani Zahra , Shakoori Abdul Rauf , Nasir‐ud‐Din  
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe multifunctionality of proteins is dictated by post‐translational modifications (PTMs) which involve the attachment of small functional groups such as phosphate and acetate, as well as carbohydrate moieties. These functional groups make the protein perform various functions in different environments. PTMs play a crucial role in memory and learning. Phosphorylation of synaptic proteins and transcription factors regulate the generation and storage of memory. Among these is the cAMP‐regulated element binding protein CREB that regulates CRE containing genes like c‐fos. Both phosphorylation and acetylation control the function of CREB as a transcription factor. CREB is also susceptible to O‐GlcNAc modification, which inhibits its activity. O‐GlcNAc modification occurs on the same or neighboring Ser/Thr residues akin to phosphorylation. An interplay between these modifications was shown to operate in nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. In this study computational methods were utilized to predict different modification sites in CREB. These in silico results suggest that phosphorylation, O‐GlcNAc modification and acetylation modulate the transcriptional activity of CREB and thus dictate its contribution to synaptic plasticity. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 138–146, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Electronic structure and relative stability of 1:1 Cu‐O2 adducts from difference‐dedicated configuration interaction calculations
Authors: Zapata‐Rivera Jhon , Caballol Rosa , Calzado Carmen J. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA computational strategy to analyze Cu‐O2 adducts based on the use of difference‐dedicated configuration interaction (DDCI) calculations is presented. The electronic structure, vertical gaps and nature of the metal–O2 interaction, and the extension of the charge transfer between both fragments have been investigated. Relative stabilities between isomers are determined from triplet states CCSD(T) calculations. The key point of the here proposed strategy rests on the use of a rationally designed active space, containing only those orbitals, which optimize the interaction pathways between LCu and O2 fragments. The procedure has been tested on a broad set of model and synthetic biomimetic systems, the results compared with previous theoretical evaluations and/or available experimental data. Our study indicates that this strategy can be considered as an alternative approach to multireference second‐order perturbation theory methods to deal with this type of systems with remarkable biradical nature. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011