bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectral moments of the real Ginibre ensemble
Authors: Byun Sung-Soo , Forrester Peter J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe moments of the real eigenvalues of real Ginibre matrices are investigated from the viewpoint of explicit formulas, differential and difference equations, and large N expansions. These topics are inter-related. For example, a third-order differential equation can be derived for the density of the real eigenvalues, and this can be used to deduce a second-order difference equation for the general complex moments $$M_{2p}^\textrm{r}$$

M

2
p

r

. The latter are expressed in terms of the $${}_3 F_2$$

3

F
2

hypergeometric functions, with a simplification to the $${}_2 F_1$$

2

F
1

hypergeometric function possible for $$p=0$$

p
=
0

and $$p=1$$

p
=
1

, allowing for the large N expansion of these moments to be obtained. The large N expansion involves both integer and half-integer powers of 1/N. The three-term recurrence then provides the large N expansion of the full sequence $$\{ M_{2p}^\textrm{r} \}_{p=0}^\infty $$

{

M

2
p

r

}

p
=
0

∞

. Fourth- and third-order linear differential equations are obtained for the moment generating function and for the Stieltjes transform of the real density, respectively, and the properties of the large N expansion of these quantities are determined.
Optimizing SUV Analysis: A Multicenter Study on Preclinical FDG-PET/CT Highlights the Impact of Standardization
Authors: Kuntner Claudia , Alcaide Carlos , Anestis Dimitris , Bankstahl Jens P. , Boutin Herve , Brasse David , Elvas Filipe , Forster Duncan , Rouchota Maritina G. , Tavares Adriana , Teuter Mari , Wanek Thomas , Zachhuber Lena , Mannheim Julia G. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Preclinical imaging, with translational potential, lacks a standardized method for defining volumes of interest (VOIs), impacting data reproducibility. The aim of this study was to determine the interobserver variability of VOI sizes and standard uptake values (SUVmean and SUVmax) of different organs using the same [18F]FDG-PET and PET/CT datasets analyzed by multiple observers. In addition, the effect of a standardized analysis approach was evaluated.

Procedures
In total, 12 observers (4 beginners and 8 experts) analyzed identical preclinical [18F]FDG-PET-only and PET/CT datasets according to their local default image analysis protocols for multiple organs. Furthermore, a standardized protocol was defined, including detailed information on the respective VOI size and position for multiple organs, and all observers reanalyzed the PET/CT datasets following this protocol.

Results
Without standardization, significant differences in the SUVmean and SUVmax were found among the observers. Coregistering CT images with PET images improved the comparability to a limited extent. The introduction of a standardized protocol that details the VOI size and position for multiple organs reduced interobserver variability and enhanced comparability.

Conclusions
The protocol offered clear guidelines and was particularly beneficial for beginners, resulting in improved comparability of SUVmean and SUVmax values for various organs. The study suggested that incorporating an additional VOI template could further enhance the comparability of the findings in preclinical imaging analyses.
Analyzing the interaction between maintenance dredging and seagoing vessels: a case study in the Port of Rotterdam
Authors: Sepehri Arash , Kirichek Alex , van der Werff Solange , Baart Fedor , van den Heuvel Marcel , van Koningsveld Mark 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Maintenance dredging can often hinder port operations resulting in waiting times for seagoing vessels. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the dynamics between maintenance dredging activities and seagoing vessels, specifically focusing on how waiting times can be reduced. Then, the role of selecting different maintenance dredging strategies in reducing these waiting times is outlined.

Methods
The study analyzes historical automatic identification system (AIS) data to identify the interaction between maintenance dredging and seagoing vessels and quantify the hindrance periods for the Mississippihaven case study in the Port of Rotterdam, the Netherlands. The trajectories of the vessels are analyzed in a simple case to show how the vessels interact and how the waiting times are quantified. The interactions are checked with the Port of Rotterdam for different port calls to ensure that maintenance dredging was the reason for these delays.

Results
By analyzing the AIS data analysis of vessels in a given time window, the dredgers for maintenance work can be identified and their activities within or near the terminal can be determined. In addition, the waiting time of the seagoing vessel caused by the maintenance dredging is quantified at the terminal entrance.

Conclusion
The study discusses how the maintenance dredging operations could be improved by adjusting the loading and sailing phases of maintenance dredging and provides some theoretical and managerial insights. Alternative port maintenance strategies to minimize the waiting time caused by the hindrance are also discussed.
Rapid screening and sensing of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) inhibitors from ginger and their efficacy in ameliorating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Zeng Xin , Wang Shang , Peng Ze , Wang Meng , Zhao Kui , Xu Ben Bin , Yin Xiongwei , Ibrahim Mohamed M. , Mersal Gaber A. M. , El-Bahy Zeinhom M. , Guo Zhanhu , Xiang Wei , Wang Jianwei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a prevalent chronic metabolic condition, for which no approved medications are available. As a condiment and traditional Chinese medicine, ginger can be useful in reducing the symptoms of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Although its active ingredients and mechanisms of action are unknown, there is a lack of research on them. The purpose of this study is to prepare magnetite (Fe3O4)@Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) materials and analyze them using ultra-high performance liquid-chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) for rapid screening of potential inhibitors of SCD1 in ginger. Based on this analysis, it has been shown that the primary components in ginger that bind SCD1 directly are gingerols, with 10-gingerol having a greater affinity for binding to SCD1 than 8-gingerol and 6-gingerol. Moreover, further studies indicated that free fatty acids (FFA)-induced lipid accumulation is improved by this class of compounds in normal human hepatocytes (THLE-3), with 10-gingerol being the most effective compound. This study provides a new insight into the mechanism, by which ginger contributes to the improvement of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and provide support for the effective use of 10-gingerol for the treatment of NAFLD.
Vision-based survey method for extraordinary loads on buildings
Authors: Li Yang , Chen Jun , Wang Pengcheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe statistical modeling of extraordinary loads on buildings has been stagnant for decades due to the laborious and error-prone nature of existing survey methods, such as questionnaires and verbal inquiries. This study proposes a new vision-based survey method for collecting extraordinary load data by automatically analyzing surveillance videos. For this purpose, a crowd head tracking framework is developed that integrates crowd head detection and reidentification models based on convolutional neural networks to obtain head trajectories of the crowd in the survey area. The crowd head trajectories are then analyzed to extract crowd quantity and velocities, which are the essential factors for extraordinary loads. For survey areas with frequent crowd movements during temporary events, the equivalent dynamic load factor can be further estimated using crowd velocity to consider dynamic effects. A crowd quantity investigation experiment and a crowd walking experiment are conducted to validate the proposed survey method. The experimental results prove that the proposed survey method is effective and accurate in collecting load data and reasonable in considering dynamic effects during extraordinary events. The proposed survey method is easy to deploy and has the potential to collect substantial and reliable extraordinary load data for determining design load on buildings.
Applications of 3D Printing Technology in Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure
Authors: Goswami Debkalpa , Kazim Madihah , Nguyen Christopher T. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurpose of Review3D printing (3DP) technology has emerged as a valuable tool for surgeons and cardiovascular interventionalists in developing and tailoring patient-specific treatment strategies, especially in complex and rare cases. This short review covers advances, primarily in the last three years, in the use of 3DP in the diagnosis and management of heart failure and related cardiovascular conditions.Recent FindingsLatest studies include utilization of 3DP in ventricular assist device placement, congenital heart disease identification and treatment, pre-operative planning and management in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, clinician as well as patient education, and benchtop mock circulatory loops.SummaryStudies reported benefits for patients including significantly reduced operation time, potential for lower radiation exposure, shorter mechanical ventilation times, lower intraoperative blood loss, and less total hospitalization time, as a result of the use of 3DP. As 3DP technology continues to evolve, clinicians, basic science researchers, engineers, and regulatory authorities must collaborate closely to optimize the utilization of 3D printing technology in the diagnosis and management of heart failure.
Breaking the operator variability in Kibler’s scapular dyskinesis assessment
Authors: D’Antonio L. , Fiumana G. , Reina M. , Lodi E. , Porcellini G. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Alterations of scapular kinematics are generically reported as scapular dyskinesis (SD), and are a nonspecific response to various shoulder pathologies. The most widely used classification is Kibler’s (K), which is, however, characterized by poor sensitivity. To overcome this limit, using a 3D motion analysis system, we identified a specific pattern for each type of SD according to Kibler.

Materials and methods
We analyzed 34 patients with a total of 68 shoulders who came to our observation for shoulder pain. All patients underwent clinical examination, video-recording and motion analysis with SHoW Motion 3D kinematic tracking system (SM). Three independent observers classified SD into K types I, II and III. Only patients with concordant classification among the 3 operators were studied to identify a characteristic graphic pattern by type of SD.

Results
Typical patterns emerged from the examination with SM. K. type 1 consists of decreased or reversed posterior tilt and increased protraction in flexion–extension (FE) in early degrees of motion. K. type 2 consists of increased protraction and marked reversal of lateral rotation in abduction–adduction (Ab–Ad) in early degrees of movement. K. type 3 has been subdivided into two subgroups: K. type 3-A, composed of patients with massive rotator cuff lesions, shows an increase in all scapular movements in both FE and Ab–Ad. K. type 3-B, composed of patients with scapular stiffness and/or impingement, presents a slight increase in posterior tilt and lateral rotation in the final grades of FE and Ab–Ad.

Conclusions
The SM system allows reproducible dynamic analyses with low intra- and intra- operator variability. In our study, we demonstrated its applicability in the classification of SD. It also provides an objective and quantitative assessment of motor pattern alteration that is essential in the follow-up of patients to evaluate the effectiveness of rehabilitation and/or surgical treatment.

Level of Evidence 3
According to "The Oxford 2011 Levels of Evidence".
Between cities and villages: the livestock economy in historical Palestine
Authors: Namdar Linoy , Gadot Yuval , Sapir-Hen Lidar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study aims at establishing a historically based model of animal husbandry in urban and rural settlements, in the Southern Levant. This type of model is required in the field of zooarchaeology, to better analyze and study ancient faunal remains. It also applies a non-traditional method to study and differentiate between urban and rural economies. For this aim, we used British Mandate tax files and village statistics. These are the best available historical documents for this period, that recorded herds management statistics in all settlements of Palestine. We selected only settlements inhabited by the indigenous population and divided the data into four environmental regions. We analyzed the livestock abundance and herd demography in each region. Each urban center was considered independently, while the rural villages were classified into three groups, based on the most common livestock (cattle, sheep, or goats). Results show economic variations between urban and rural settlements as well as regional trends, such as in pastoralism and agricultural management. In addition, meat industries were common in most urban centers, being the primary difference from rural economies. We applied this model to two large zooarchaeological case studies, dating from the Early Islamic to the Ottoman period; Mount Zion, located in the urban city of Jerusalem, and Tel Beth Shemesh (East), whose size and nature were not historically recorded. We found that the economic variations reflected in the model were also present in the faunal assemblages.
Agent-based modelling of individual absorptive capacity for effective knowledge transfer
Authors: Dolmark Thomas , Sohaib Osama , Beydoun Ghassan , Taghikhah Firouzeh 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe importance of knowledge for organizational success is widely recognized, leading managers to leverage knowledge actively. Within knowledge transfer, the Absorptive Capacity (ACAP) of Knowledge Recipients (KR) emerges as an unresolved barrier. ACAP is the dynamic capability to absorb knowledge and surpass the aggregation of individual ACAP within an organization. However, more research is needed on individual-level ACAP and its implications for bridging the gap between individual and organizational knowledge transfer. To address this gap, this study employs Agent-Based Modeling (ABM) as a simulation method to replicate individual ACAP within an organization, facilitating the examination of knowledge transfer dynamics. ABM allows for the detailed analysis of interactions between individual KRs and the organizational environment, revealing how uninterrupted time and other factors influence knowledge absorption. The implications of the study are that ABM provides specific insights into how individual ACAP affects organizational learning and performance, emphasizing the importance of uninterrupted time for KR to achieve optimal knowledge exploitation and highlighting the need for organizational practices and policies that foster environments conducive to knowledge absorption.
A review of microcystin and nodularin toxins derived from freshwater cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms and their impact on human health
Authors: Melaram Rajesh , Newton Amanda Rose , Lee Anna , Herber Scott , El-Khouri Anthony , Chafin Jennifer 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe impacts of climate change on cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cHABs) are paramount, promoting the widespread distribution, intensity, and toxicity of these phenomena in major freshwater bodies across the globe. Microcystins (MCs) and nodularins (NODs) are monocyclic peptides that produce hepatotoxic effects in living organisms. Despite efforts in understanding their molecular toxicological mechanisms, we do not fully have a grasp on the human health impacts associated with these toxins derived from freshwater cHABs. We seek to provide a current update on the toxicity and epidemiology of MCs and NODs, integrating key evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and epidemiological studies. The primary objective of this work is to understand the human health impacts of MC and NOD-producing cHABs.
Qualitative properties of fractional convolution elliptic and parabolic operators in Besov spaces
Authors: Shakhmurov Veli , Shahmurov Rishad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe maximal $$B_{p,q}^{s}$$

B

p
,
q

s

-regularity properties of a fractional convolution elliptic equation is studied. Particularly, it is proven that the operator generated by this nonlocal elliptic equation is sectorial in $$ B_{p,q}^{s}$$

B

p
,
q

s

and also is a generator of an analytic semigroup. Moreover, well-posedeness of nonlocal fractional parabolic equation in Besov spaces is obtained. Then by using the $$B_{p,q}^{s}$$

B

p
,
q

s

-regularity properties of linear problem, the existence, uniqueness of maximal regular solution of corresponding fractional nonlinear equation is established.
A novel quasi-static compression test set-up with micron order accuracy for small specimens
Authors: Daras Nicholas , Cloete Trevor J. , Nurick Gerald N. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAccurate displacement measurements during compression tests on small specimens using large standard universal testing machines are adversely affected by the compliance of the apparatus. The influence of compliance becomes more acute when conducting tests on quasi-brittle materials, such as cortical bone, that exhibit low failure strains and for which accurate modulus values are required. This paper presents a custom compression test set-up (i.e., a subpress) that facilitates routine quasi-static compression tests on small specimens by eliminating the effect of testing machine compliance on the results. The displacement of the compression test set-up was recorded using a combination of Hall effect sensors and multipole magnetic strips, which offers a resolution of less than one micron. The results of quasi-static compression tests on small polymer specimens are reported where the displacements were measured using the custom compression test set-up, the integrated displacement measurement system of a universal testing machine and a visual extensometer. Additional tests on cortical bone specimens demonstrate the effectiveness of the compression test set-up. Based on the results, the compression test set-up appeared to yield more consistent and accurate measurements compared to both the integrated measurement system of a universal testing machine and a visual extensometer. Novel data regarding the incipient fracture of cortical bone were obtained. The compression test set-up allows for the routine testing of a large number of bone specimens with micron accuracy in a short time frame, thus reducing the effects of degradation on biological specimens.
Viscoelastic Rheological Modelling of the Lateral Dynamic Response of Ballasted Railway Tracks
Authors: Farooq Hafsa , Nimbalkar Sanjay , Punetha Piyush , Sheng Daichao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article presents a novel methodology for evaluating the response of ballasted railway tracks under train-induced loading along lateral directions. The main focus of this study is the development of a computational technique that can capture the lateral response of ballasted railway tracks, which has been ignored in past studies. The proposed approach employs a viscoelastic rheological track model in which three substructure layers are simulated using discrete masses, Hooke’s (springs) and Newtonian elements (dampers). The methodology is successfully validated against the data from experimental and analytical investigations published in the literature. Subsequently, parametric investigations are conducted to study the influence of axle load, train speed, and granular layer thickness on the track response. The results indicate that as the axle load (20 to 40 t) and train speed (70 to 200 km/h) are increased, there is a corresponding increase in track displacements (both lateral and vertical) by 100% and 26.2%, respectively. However, an increase in the granular layer thickness (0.1 to 0.75 m) reduces ballast top displacement (lateral and vertical) by 20–30%. The results demonstrate the capability of the proposed computational approach to capture the transient response of railway tracks and the influence of neighbouring layer properties on the track response. The proposed methodology can be helpful to practising railway engineers for assessing the performance of ballasted railway tracks along lateral directions.
Aging trajectories of subscales in higher-level functional capacity among community-dwelling older Japanese adults: the Otassha study
Authors: Kawai Hisashi , Imamura Keigo , Ejiri Manami , Fujiwara Yoshinori , Ihara Kazushige , Hirano Hirohiko , Sasai Hiroyuki , Obuchi Shuichi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Maintaining higher-level functional capacity is important for independent living in older age. The aging trajectory of the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (TMIG-IC) has three patterns; however, the subscale patterns are unclear.

Aims
This study aimed to clarify the aging trajectory patterns of the TMIG-IC subscales among community-dwelling older Japanese.

Methods
Participants were 3,169 community-dwelling older Japanese who participated in the 2012–2022 mail survey of the Otassha study. The aging trajectory patterns of the TMIG-IC total and subscale scores for those aged 65–90 years were identified using group-based trajectory modeling. Further, the combination frequency of the subscale trajectory patterns was determined.

Results
Three patterns were identified: early-onset decreasing, late-onset decreasing, and high-stable.

Discussion
The instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) trajectory was maintained until approximately 80 years of age; however, chronic disease prevailed the most in the early-onset decreasing pattern. The early-onset decreasing pattern of intellectual activity (IA) was present in 25% of participants, showing impaired IA from 65 years of age. The late-onset decreasing pattern of social roles (SR) was present in 30% of participants, showing a sharp decline compared to other subscales. For many people, the patterns of decrease in SR and IA overlapped.

Conclusions
To maintain higher-level functional capacity, interventions that include disease management and prevention of decline in IADL and increase the awareness of the social support provided throughout old age and interventions for people with an early decline in IA should be implemented.