bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of ANP methodology in evaluation of advanced technologies
Authors: Ordoobadi Sharon M. 
Published: January 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a decision tool to help managers make more informed decisions regarding their investments in advanced manufacturing technologies.Design/methodology/approachSelection of a new technology is multidimensional in nature and interdependent relationships exist among various elements of the system. In addition, both quantitative and qualitative factors need to be considered in the evaluation process. The Analytic Network Process (ANP) methodology satisfies these requirements by considering interdependencies among all the factors and by allowing transformation of qualitative judgments into quantitative values for the decision analysis. These capabilities of ANP make it a perfect methodology for use in the development of our decision tool. Once technology alternatives and selection criteria are identified by the decision maker, several pair‐wise comparisons are conducted to determine local priorities for the selection criteria and alternatives. These priorities are then used to determine the overall priorities for the alternatives. The technology alternative with the highest overall priority is chosen for adoption.FindingsAllowing for interdependencies among selection criteria, as well as between alternatives and selection criteria, provides a more realistic evaluation process than other selection processes that ignore such interdependencies.Practical implicationsThe model provides decision makers a tool for evaluating several competitive technology alternatives and selecting the most appropriate technology for adoption.Originality/valueThe paper discusses the inclusion of the subjective judgments of the decision maker in the evaluation process and use of ANP methodology for transforming these judgments into quantitative values for rankings of the alternatives.
A double‐edged sword: twenty‐first century workplace trends and gender equality
Authors: Ruth Eikhof Doris 
Published: January 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to uncover the hidden gender consequences of three current trends in the workplace, the increase in knowledge work, information and communication technology (ICT) and work‐life balance policies.Design/methodology/approachThe paper synthesizes and analyses existing empirical evidence from research on knowledge work, work‐life balance and boundary, women's work and careers.FindingsKnowledge work, ICT and work‐life balance policies are found to increase the temporal and geographical flexibility of work. Such enhanced flexibility should facilitate women's participation and advancement in work and therefore gender equality. However, all three trends also have hidden gender consequences that significantly prevent women from participating and advancing.Research limitations/implicationsResearch needs to explicitly integrate evidence from across research areas and disciplines to appreciate the complexity and contentiousness of current workplace developments from a gender perspective.Practical implicationsA public debate is needed that better communicates and challenges the complexity of gender issues in the twenty‐first century workplace, in order to raise critical awareness amongst individual workers, as well as practitioners and policy makers, and to lead to better informed decision making.Originality/valueA gender‐focused analysis and synthesis of evidence across the research areas included in this paper is currently lacking. The paper thus makes a novel contribution to the academic debate on gender equality in the workplace and provides an improved basis for better informed discussions between academics, policy makers and practitioners about how to achieve gender equality in today's world of work.
Sex role stereotypes: does business education make a difference?
Authors: Paris Lori D. , Decker Diane L. 
Published: January 2012

PurposeStudies indicate that a managerial pro‐male bias still exists. While managers and females have begun to view women as possessing managerial attributes, male students, on average, still tend to stereotype the managerial role using a pro‐male bias. Based on research by Heilman and by Lord and Maher, the purpose of this paper is to propose that business students, who are exposed to a curriculum that emphasizes the importance of diversity, as recommended by AACSB, will exhibit fewer gender stereotypes.Design/methodology/approachUsing the Schein Descriptive Index, three groups of university students were surveyed to determine whether individuals exposed to formal management education experience a reduction in “men as manager” stereotypes. The hypothesis was tested using interclass correlation coefficients (r′) from two randomized‐groups analysis of variance.FindingsThe hypothesis was not supported and the findings indicate that students in the business administration program stereotyped the managerial role to a greater degree than those not enrolled in the business administration program.Research limitations/implicationsFurther studies should be conducted to determine if the findings of this particular study are universal across college campuses.Practical implicationsBusiness schools must evaluate the methods that are being used to teach diversity in management education.Originality/valueThe authors' unique approach focuses on the sample as an important element when studying gender bias in management. Given the state of the economy and the cuts to university programs, by determining where bias occurs, diversity education in the university environment can be better utilized for optimal impact.
The effect of perceived external prestige on Greek public employees' organizational identification
Authors: Gkorezis Panagiotis , Mylonas Naoum , Petridou Eugenia 
Published: January 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of perceived external prestige on organizational identification in the context of a Greek public organization and to address the moderating role of gender in the relationship between perceived external prestige and organizational identification.Design/methodology/approachData were obtained from a sample of 159 employees working in Citizens Service Centers. Analysis was conducted using moderated hierarchical regression analysis.FindingsPerceived external prestige is positively related with organizational identification (β=0.33, p<0.001). The influence of the interaction of perceived external prestige and gender on organizational identification is also supported (β=−0.29, p<0.05). In particular, the effect of perceived external prestige on organizational identification was stronger for men.Research limitations/implicationsThere is limited inference to other private and public organizations because data are based on one public organization. The cross‐sectional analysis of the data cannot directly assess causality.Originality/valueThis is the first study to examine the moderating role of gender in the relationship between perceived external prestige and organizational identification.
Public international law principles: an Islamic Sufi approach – Part II
Authors: Bidabad Bijan 
Published: January 2012

PurposeMany laws have been derived from the religions' legislations and many of them do not have the capability of uniqueness and publicity, due to a variety of reasons, especially at the level of countries. However, the spirit of legislations is the same and unique in all religions and it is the Tariqah (Sufi path), Sufism, mysticism and ethical beliefs that have been stable and unchangeable for millenniums, and wisdom has accepted and accepts them in all times and locations. Thus, if the international public law is to be defined and designed upon the base of the unique religions' spirit, we will reach a unique law with most publicity. This paper aims to address these issues.Design/methodology/approachThis paper explores the foundation of public international law from the theosophy approach of Islamic Sufism and mysticism.FindingsBy raising 38 principles, the paper proposes basic principles of important public international law subjects to prepare a backbone for recompilation of new law in this subject matter.Research limitations/implicationsComparative researches in other religions' Gnosticism will be helpful.Practical implicationsThese principles can be used for applied debates in the field and become new international law.Social implicationsDelicateness, truthfulness, and righteousness of Islamic Sufism may turn the attentions of scholars and researchers to this viewpoint, and a new set of laws to be codified.Originality/valuePublic international law scholars have not touched the topic from a Sufi viewpoint. This paper opens new challenging arena for those who are engaged in.
Anti‐corruption law in local government
Authors: Michael Bryane , Mendes Stephen 
Published: January 2012

PurposeMacedonian municipalities should pass anti‐corruption ordinances in order to reduce corruption. The purpose of this paper is to review the legal issues involved in drafting such ordinances and provide legal advisors to local councils with the legal and economic analysis needed to tackle some of the more difficult and detailed questions.Design/methodology/approachThe most important issue revolves around the creation of a model ordinance which Macedonian municipalities (or the Association of Units of Local Self‐Government of the Republic of Macedonia) could adopt in order to set‐up and run municipal‐level anti‐corruption agencies. The location of such agencies as well as their competencies (to monitor conflicts of interests, oversee asset declarations, and conduct corruption risk‐audits among others) are analysed. The paper also provides legal interpretations of Macedonian legislation and their likely impact on municipal council ordinance design in the area of anti‐corruption – providing the legal basis for positive administrative silence, the splitting of municipal procurement contracts, and (most controversially) qui tam rewards at the municipal level.FindingsA brief regulatory impact analysis of the ordinance shows a gain of €162,900 in social welfare if such a programme were rolled‐out in Macedonia.Originality/valueThe present paper provides some of the legal analysis which previous papers lack.
Independence of judiciary in Bangladesh: an overview
Authors: Hossain Mollah Awal 
Published: January 2012

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to analyze the status of independence of the judiciary in Bangladesh. It is recognized worldwide that an independent judiciary is the sin qua non of democracy and good governance. However, without separation of the judiciary from other organs of the state absolute independence of judiciary is not possible. An attempt has been made in this paper to sketch the brief historical background of judicial system in Bangladesh through analyzing the meaning and basic principles of judicial independence and to what extent these principles exists in Bangladesh. How did the judiciary finally separate from the executive? After separation of the judiciary, what is the status of executive interference over judiciary in Bangladesh has also been evaluated in this paper.Design/methodology/approachThe study is qualitative in nature and based on secondary sources of materials like books, journal articles, government rules, newspaper reports, etc. Relevant literature has also been collected through Internet browsing.FindingsIn this study, it has been found that from time immemorial the judicial system of Bangladesh was not completely independent from the interference of the executive branch of the government. It has also been found that from the beginning of the British colonial rule, the question of separation of the judiciary from the executive had been a continuing debate. Presently, even after separation of the judiciary, the interference of the executive over the judiciary is still continuing.Practical implicationsThis paper opens a new window for the policy makers and concerned authorities to take necessary steps for overcoming the existing limitations of the status of judicial dependence in Bangladesh.Originality/valueThe paper will be of interest to legal practitioners, policy makers, members of civil society, and those in the field of judicial system in Bangladesh and some other British colonial common law countries.
Insider trading in Malaysia; towards an improved regulation
Authors: Kadir Rokiah , Muhamad Suriyani 
Published: January 2012

PurposeThis paper aims to gauge the issue of insider trading in Malaysia by assessing some selected statutory provisions under the relevant law and examining the issues of enforcement and prosecution.Design/methodology/approachThe paper analyses relevant legislation pertaining to insider trading.FindingsThis paper argues that in order to be an effective regulation, the laws enacted must address the concerns and problems insider trading has given rise to. Contrary to popular impression that insider trading is a settled issue due to the lack of investigation and prosecution cases, the paper unearths a number of findings; first it maintains its contention that the provisions under the Companies Act 1965 are not entirely satisfactory and the latter regulations generally provide more creditable rules with regard to the issue. Further the definition of an insider, the requirement pertaining to the manner the information must be obtained and the enforcement of the law are amongst a number of issues that Malaysia has to address if a more competitive capital market is to be created.Research limitations/implicationsFurther research could usefully examine the law in the light of investigation cases by the security commission.Practical implicationsThe paper reveals how insider trading legislation applies in business situations.Originality/valueThe insider trading legislation is found out to be far from satisfactory, and this paper attempts to fill in the gaps where there is scarcity of literature on this issue.
Impact of financial liberalisation on stock market liquidity: experience of China
Authors: Lee Jess K.‐Y. , Wong Alfred Y.‐T. 
Published: January 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of the recent financial reforms in China. Following the country's accession to the World Trade Organization, financial liberalisation has picked up considerable momentum. Wide‐ranging reforms introduced encompass deregulation in the banking sector and refinements in various financial markets, as well as allowing more freedom for Chinese and foreign investors to participate and interact domestically and overseas.Design/methodology/approachCompared to other studies on financial liberalisation, this study uses a panel data regression model to analyse a relatively narrower aspect of financial reforms, namely, the impact on stock market liquidity.FindingsUsing a data set drawn from the Shanghai stock market, the authors find a positive and significant liquidity impact associated with the recent round of measures.Originality/valueThe result reflects not only an improvement in capital allocation efficiency in China's equity market but, from a financial stability point of view, also a reduction in its vulnerability. The finding also provides evidence on one of the important channels in which financial liberalisation can be transformed into economic growth over time.
Effects of outward FDI on home‐country export competitiveness
Authors: Chen Yan , Hsu Wen‐Chung , Wang Chengqi 
Published: January 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of outward foreign direct investment (O‐FDI) on the competitiveness of home‐country export.Design/methodology/approachThis paper employs a six‐year data set from Taiwanese manufacturing data for 15 industries over the period between 1991 and 2007.FindingsThe authors find that exports in Taiwan are positively associated with O‐FDI by Taiwanese firms. This finding supports the view that outward FDI complements home country exports and concurs with the majority of earlier empirical findings which focus on developed home countries. The authors also find that such effect is stronger for Taiwanese FDI in China than in other countries and in traditional sectors than in modern sectors.Originality/valueThese findings suggest that location‐and industry‐specific characteristics moderate the strength of the relationship between O‐FDI and home country exports.
Linking tourism security to national security
Authors: Boxill Ian 
Published: January 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explain why national security should not be segregated from tourism security, especially in small island states.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws on the Christopher “Dudus” Coke saga of 2010 in Jamaica to show how urban security issues can impact on security in tourism areas. It also draws on critical pieces of the literature to make the case.FindingsThe social upheaval created by the Christopher Coke saga led to a reduction in visitor arrivals in the capital city of Kingston and in corporate hotels close to where the security operations took place. Estimates indicate that in some cases revenue from tourism was down by 11 percent. This impact was not as significant for areas outside of Kingston, although some flights were initially cancelled.Originality/valueThis paper draws on the Christopher Coke case in support of the argument that in small states all aspects of national security should be seen as being intimately linked to tourism security.
Managing guest security in a high‐violence society
Authors: Cowell Noel M. , McDavid Hilton , Saunders Tanzia S. 
Published: January 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore security management in the hospitality sector of Jamaica.Design/methodology approachThe paper is based on a combination of available documentary sources and in‐depth interviews conducted with key players in the fields of law enforcement, security management and hospitality in Jamaica.FindingsJamaica's image as a tourism destination has been severely damaged by reports of its high murder rates. With the exception of tourism harassment however, visitors to the island are largely unaffected by crime. This outcome is not accidental; rather it is the result of a social consensus combined with a well‐articulated, comprehensive, long‐term crime management strategy involving multiple stakeholders ranging from the level of government to the individual hospitality establishment. Despite these positives however, the paper expresses serious doubts about the sustainability of the existing tourism and hospitality model.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is qualitative in nature and focuses on the hospitality sector in the major commercial centre and one of the major resort centres. Both have been characterised by high levels of criminal violence in the last decade. As such the results may offer important insights into crime management and tourism development but cannot be generalised.Practical implicationsThe paper carries significant implications for policy in that it analyses the challenges of security management in a tourism destination marked by severe and complex and social contradictions.Originality/valueDespite the enormity of the public discourse on the impact of crime on tourism, there has been little scholarly analysis of the challenges of security management in an environment marked simultaneously by extreme tourism dependence and extreme levels of criminal violence.
Emergency planning and recovery for terror situations: an analysis with special reference to tourism
Authors: Stahura Kurt A. , Henthorne Tony L. , George Babu P. , Soraghan Eugene 
Published: January 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine the effect management has on terror and emergency response and recovery. Specifically, the investigation will determine what management model or methodology seems to produce the greatest effect when preparing for, reacting to, and recovering from terror and emergency situations.Design/methodology/approachThis paper employs meta analysis of the relevant literature as the primary approach to achieve its purpose.FindingsThe analysis implies that preparation should replace simple planning; resilience building is the key to disaster preparedness; leadership skills of managers are paramount; and, rigid response doctrine (RRD) must be built‐into the plans, among others.Originality/valueFor the most part, this paper may be termed as the result of derivative research, since it draws heavily on generic research in the area of disaster management.
The response of the tourism industry in Jamaica to crime and the threat of terrorism
Authors: Hall Anthony 
Published: January 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore with practitioners the impact of Jamaican corruption, crime and violence on guest experiences in different resort locations.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses interviews with prominent practitioners to assess the extent to which crime, perceptions of safety and security and the impact and ongoing threat of terrorism affect visitor behaviour and purchase decisions.FindingsThe paper reveals that international terrorism has negatively affected average room rates, capacity and the development of tourism in Jamaica, but that the risks associated with high levels of violence and crime do not seem to affect returning visitors.Practical implicationsThe paper illustrates the importance of addressing international perceptions about the safety of Jamaica as a tourist destination and the importance of both internal and external security systems and measures.Originality/valueThe paper provides a practitioner perspective on the ways in which threats to tourism development can be minimized by effective communications and security systems and measures.
Crime, criminal activity and tourism performance: issues from the Caribbean
Authors: Karagiannis Nikolaos , Madjd‐Sadjadi Zagros 
Published: January 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review the many negative implications of crime for tourism in the Caribbean, with particular regard to the economic costs, the loss of long‐term investment and the impact of illegal drugs.Design/methodology/approachThe paper provides an analysis in three sections: The first section provides a preliminary discussion on problems of crime and criminal activity in the Caribbean especially as they relate to tourism. The second main part singles out certain areas of concern, namely, economic costs, long‐term investment dampening, illicit drugs, gangs, indirect costs, and youth as the primary perpetrators of crime in the region. The final section offers policy considerations towards halting the impact of crime and criminal activity on Caribbean tourism performance.FindingsThe paper concludes that Caribbean governments have to do more to protect their most important industry, and recommends a combination of both hard and soft policing measures and educational programs targeting youth, which emphasise the avoidance of criminal behaviour.Practical implicationsThe paper advocates an integrated approach in order to address the issue of crime in society and also the central questions as to how to punish criminality and how to address its root causes.Originality/valueThe paper identifies marketing implications for tourism destinations, especially in relation to the perceptions of a given destination.