bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fintech as invasive infrastructure: a critical discourse analysis of corporate newswires and press releases, 1995–2021
Authors: Friedline Terri , Stewart Kimberlee , Bolinger Carson , Wood Anna K 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Financial technologies or ‘fintech’—an array of digital technologies ranging from mobile banking and digital payment systems to cryptocurrencies and blockchain technologies—are heralded for solving problems of access to financial products and services and improving people’s participation in the economy. However, we contend that fintech is an invasive infrastructure by learning from Indigenous theorizing of oil and gas pipelines alongside concepts of predatory inclusion and obfuscation. We use critical discourse analysis to study finance, technology and social media companies’ language over nearly three decades of newswires and press releases that promote new retail financial products and services. We develop themes of new products old promises, benevolent exploitation, efficient obfuscation and information extraction. Similar to oil and gas pipelines within the project of settler colonialism, our findings show how fintech operates as invasive infrastructure by serving as a key link for connecting oppressed and marginalized peoples to companies for predation and extraction.
Cross-National Social and Environmental Influences on Life Satisfaction
Authors: Suchyta Mark , Dietz Thomas , Frank Kenneth A 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Scholars and policymakers are increasingly interested in subjective well-being as a development indicator. However, sociological research on this topic is quite limited, as is research that considers the effects of the biophysical environment on subjective well-being. In this study, we address these gaps in the literature by examining social and environmental influences on life satisfaction, a core component of subjective well-being. We employed multi-level regression analysis using data from over 97,000 individuals living across ninety-six countries. The results demonstrated significant effects of several individual-level variables on life satisfaction, in particular respondents’ satisfaction with their local air and water quality and the efforts being made to preserve the environment in their country, as well as numerous social variables, such as income, gender, and employment status. Among the country-level variables, national gross domestic product per capita was positively associated with higher individual life satisfaction. Income inequality had a negative effect on life satisfaction, while wealth inequality, on the other hand, had a positive effect, a surprising finding we contemplate in some detail. The carbon intensity of a nation’s economy as well as the proportion of a nation’s land in protected areas only influenced life satisfaction when not controlling for the other variables. We conclude by discussing the implications of this research for sustainable development, including the promise of life satisfaction and other measures of subjective well-being as sustainable development indicators.
Tranexamic Acid to Prevent Obstetrical Hemorrhage After Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Pacheco L.D. , Clifton R.G. , Saade G.R. , Simhan H.N. , Macones G.A. 
Published: May 2024

(N Engl J Med 2023;388(15):1365–1375)
Postpartum hemorrhage is the second leading cause of pregnancy-related death in the United States, and accounts for up to 27.1% of global maternal deaths. Tranexamic acid has been previously associated with a reduction in overall mortality in several different settings, but majorly in obstetrical contexts. Research has not discovered, however, if the use of tranexamic acid is beneficial when it comes to its prophylactic use to prevent significant blood loss after birth or related other outcomes such as incidence of blood transfusion products or need for additional intervention to control bleeding. This study was a randomized trial to assess the effectiveness of tranexamic acid administered immediately after umbilical cord clamping in reducing the risk of maternal death or blood transfusion compared to placebo.
The Need for Maternal Critical Care Education, Point-of-Care Ultrasound and Critical Care Echocardiography in Obstetric Anesthesiologists Training
Authors: Padilla C. , Ortner C. , Dennis A. , Zieleskiewicz L. 
Published: May 2024

(Int J Obstet Anesth 2023;55:103880/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijoa.2023.103880/0208-5216/)
The rise in complex obstetric cases is a global phenomenon. In high-income countries, medical issues, particularly cardiovascular conditions, contribute to maternal morbidity and mortality, challenging traditional educational and clinical approaches. Obstetric critical care principles warrant standardized education, including ultrasound applications like POCUS for real-time assessment of cardiac, pulmonary, airway, and gastric parameters. Despite the increasing need for maternal critical care, formal certification programs are lacking globally. The United States and the UK lack specific educational standards for maternal critical care in anesthesiology.
Obstetric Clinical Trial Diversity
Authors: Steinberg J.R. , DiTosto J.D. , Turner B.E. , Roque D.R. , Yee L.M. 
Published: May 2024

(Obstet Gynecol. 2023;142:840–843)
Clinical trials are typically considered the highest quality evidence that informs clinical practice; however, there are gaps in reporting patient demographics, as well as in the diversity of groups enrolled in clinical trials. Obstetrics in particular has much to lose from underrepresentation, as there are high-impact racial and ethnic disparities in obstetric care that represent life and death situations for many individuals. This article is a research letter focusing on systemic racism and its impact on Asian American health in obstetrics and gynecology.
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Arany Z. 
Published: May 2024

(N Engl J Med. 2024;390:154–164)
Pregnancy induces cardiovascular physiological changes and can sometimes lead to severe complications. Severe cardiac degeneration leading to clinical heart failure during pregnancy or in the early postpartum period defines peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM), but little is known about its causes. This condition occurs in ∼1 in 2000 births globally, with more common diagnoses in Haiti (1 in 300) and Nigeria (1 in 100), and less commonly in other areas. Peripartum cardiomyopathy is a leading cause of maternal death and is responsible for up to 60% of cases of peripartum cardiogenic shock. This article is a review of what is known about PPCM, its clinical presentation, pathogenesis, management, outcomes, and future directions for research.
Use of Intraoperative Red Cell Salvage in the Contemporary Management of Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Flores-Mendoza H. , Shehata N. , Murji A. , Allen L.M. , Kingdom J.C. , Windrim R.C. , Carvalho J.C.A. , Ravi Chandran A. , Papalia N. , Hobson S.R. 
Published: May 2024

(Can J Anesth/J Can Anesth. 2023;70:1544–1546)
Management of hemorrhage after cesarean delivery or cesarean hysterectomy is complex. Intraoperative red cell salvage (IOCS) is commonly used in other surgical settings and is increasingly used in obstetrics. The potential risks such as amniotic fluid embolism, bacteremia, sepsis, and coagulopathy in obstetrics remain poorly understood. This study assessed the use of IOCS in the management of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders.
The Effect of Placement and Management of Intrathecal Catheters Following Accidental Dural Puncture on the Incidence of Postdural Puncture Headache and Severity: A Retrospective Real-World Study
Authors: Binyamin Y. , Azem K. , Heesen M. , Gruzman I. , Frenkel A. , Fein S. , Eidelman L.A. , Garren A. , Frank D. , Orbach-Zinger S. 
Published: May 2024

(Anaesthesia. 2023;78:1256–1261)
Previous studies have come to different conclusions about whether insertion of an intrathecal (IT) catheter after accidental dural puncture (ADP) during epidural anesthesia reduces complications. The most common complication is postdural puncture headache (PDPH), which can have short-term and long-term effects, including decreased breastfeeding and increased risk for postpartum depression, chronic headache, and backache. The usual treatment for PDPH is an epidural blood patch (EBP), which itself can have serious complications. Accidental dural puncture occurs in ∼0.5% to 1.0% of all epidurals. The authors of this study investigated whether IT catheter insertion was associated with a decreased risk of PDPH and a decreased need for EBP.
Two Randomized Trials of Low-Dose Calcium Supplementation in Pregnancy
Authors: Dwarkanath P. , Muhihi A. , Sudfeld C.R. , Wylie B.J. , Fawzi W.W. 
Published: May 2024

(N Engl J Med. 2024;390:143–153)
Many maternal deaths across the globe are associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), including pre-eclampsia. Many interventions to prevent and treat HDP have been developed, one of which is calcium supplementation. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends calcium supplementation in individuals with low dietary calcium intake, which has been previously shown to reduce the risk of pre-eclampsia by more than 50%, as well as reducing the risk of preterm birth by 24%. Studies have additionally shown at small sample sizes that low-dose calcium compared with higher doses has similar benefits. Despite the WHO recommendation, few countries have implemented calcium regimens as part of routine prenatal care, and few studies have been done in large samples to validate its efficacy. This study was designed to assess low-dose calcium supplementation and its effect on the risk of pre-eclampsia and preterm birth in a large sample.
The Effect of Prophylactic Steroids on Shivering in Adults Undergoing Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Misra S. , Singh S. , Sarkar S. , Behera B.K. , Jena S.S. 
Published: May 2024

(Anesth Analg. 2023;137(2):332–344)
Shivering is a common side effect to numerous things, such as hypothermia and often anesthetic drugs. Shivering is often an involuntary contraction of the skeletal muscles. It is often unwarranted and during surgery or delivery a patient can shiver due to general anesthetic drugs. Up to 65% of patients shiver when given general anesthetics and up to 60% also have it with spinal anesthesia. Certain nonpharmacological interventions have been attempted to decrease shivering for patients. Corticosteroids and anti-inflammatories may be given to help constrict the shivering effect of an anesthetic. To assess patients and decrease the risk of shivering for those undergoing surgery, additional studies have been made in using these types of drugs and research in randomized trials in perioperative shivering.
Hyperemesis Gravidarum: Associations With Personal and Family History of Nausea
Authors: Lindström V. , Laitinen L. , Nurmi J.M. , Koivisto M. , Polo-Kantola P. 
Published: May 2024

(Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2023;102:1176–1182)
Nausea and vomiting are prevalent in early pregnancy, with 3.6% experiencing severe symptoms termed hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). Characterized by early onset, impaired eating, and impactful daily life restrictions, HG leads to dehydration and weight loss, becoming a primary cause for early pregnancy hospitalization. Unfortunately, health care recognition of HG is insufficient, resulting in underdiagnosis and undertreatment. The condition’s multifactorial origins include vestibular, olfactory, hormonal, and gastrointestinal factors. General nausea links to various situations and a family history of HG suggests a genetic component. Research indicates that women with a history of nausea may be more susceptible to HG. Identifying such connections can aid health care professionals in recognizing and managing HG risk.
Tranexamic Acid, as an Adjunct to Oxytocin Prophylaxis, in the Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage in Women Undergoing Elective Cesarean Section: A Single-Center Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lee S.H. , Kwek M.E. , Tagore S. , Wright A. , Ku C.W. , Teong A.C.A. , Tan A.W.M. , Lim S.W.C. , Yen D.Y.T. , Ang C.Y.X. , Sultana R. , Lim C.H.F. , Mathur D. , Mathur M. 
Published: May 2024

(BJOG. 2023;130(9):1007–1015)
Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the main cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends administration of uterotonics including oxytocin to prevent PPH, but uterotonics alone may not fully prevent PPH from other causes. The World Maternal Antifibrinolytic Trial (WOMAN Trial) reported that tranexamic acid (TXA) reduced PPH-related mortality in PPH cases, and as a result the WHO has included the administration of TXA into their recommendations for PPH treatment. There is speculation about the potential role of prophylactic TXA in preventing PPH.
Alternative Routes for Tranexamic Acid Treatment in Obstetric Bleeding (WOMAN-PharmacoTXA Trial): A Randomized Trial and Pharmacological Study in Cesarean Section Births
Authors: Shakur-Still H. , Roberts I. , Grassin-Delyle S. , Chaudhri R. , Geer A. , Arribas M. , Lamy E. , Mansukhani R. , Lubeya M.K. , Javaid K. , Kayani A. , Israr N. , Mazhar S.B. , Urien S. , Bouazza N. , Foissac F. , Prowse D. , Carrington L. , Barrow C. , Onandia J.G. , Balogun E. 
Published: May 2024

(BJOG. 2023;130(10):1177–1186)
Many maternal deaths due to severe postpartum bleeding (PPH) occur in middle-income or low-income countries. A widely practiced method for reducing postpartum bleeding is administration of tranexamic acid (TXA); methods of administration vary, with the drug being available as an intravenous (IV) infusion, intramuscular (IM) injection, and oral solution. The previous WOMAN-PharmacoTXA trial showed that IV TXA administered within 3 hours of delivery reduced PPH deaths by one-third, but IV administration is a barrier for care in low-income and middle-income countries. Therefore, it is important that such other administration options for such an integral lifesaving medication be evaluated in settings where IV infusion is difficult or impossible. This study was designed to evaluate the population pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of TXA administered by IV infusion, IM injection, and oral routes in women having cesarean delivery (CD). This included evaluation of safety, adverse events, the concentration of TXA that crosses the placenta and its clearance, and the effect of administration route on D-dimer concentration.
Topical Negative Pressure Wound Therapy to Prevent Wound Complications Following Cesarean Delivery in High-Risk Obstetric Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gonzalez M.G. , Barske M.E. , Kjellsson K.B. , Saboda K. , Reed H.A. , Hill M.G. 
Published: May 2024

(Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2023;63:516–520)
The prevalence of cesarean deliveries (CD) has surged in recent decades, paralleling an uptick in medical complications during pregnancy linked to delayed childbearing and rising obesity rates. Consequently, post-CD wound complications have become a significant health concern. Mitigating these complications is a priority, with various wound vacuum systems available. While concerns persist about their effectiveness compared to standard treatments, some evidence suggests modest benefits, particularly in nonobstetric settings. The PICO wound vacuum system has shown promise for clean, noninfected surgical wounds, including cesarean incisions, though data is mainly from small trials or retrospective cohorts. Our study explores the use of PICO in preventing wound infections and breakdown in women with risk factors for complications postcesarean delivery.
Management and Outcomes of Pulmonary Artery Hypertension and Eisenmenger Syndrome During Pregnancy: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Jha N. , Divya M.B. , Jha A.K. 
Published: May 2024

(BJOG. 2023;130(10):1258–1268)
Pregnancies complicated by pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and Eisenmenger syndrome often result in severe maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Clinicians often counsel women with these conditions to avoid pregnancy or terminate a pregnancy. Multidisciplinary specialty centers, however, have seen good outcomes in these high-risk women and their babies.
Automated Identification of Landmarks During Preprocedure Lumbar Ultrasound for Spinal Anesthesia in Obese Parturients: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Tan H.S. , Chan J.J.I. , Oh T.T. , Lim M.J. , Tan C.W. , Sultana R. , Sng B.L. 
Published: May 2024

(Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2023;40(9):710–714)
Traditional neuraxial procedures, relying on palpation, face a notable 27% failure rate. The integration of preprocedure ultrasonography offers a potential solution, although challenges arise in obese parturients, resulting in a 76% procedural success rate compared to over 90% in nonobese counterparts.
Ondansetron for the Prevention of Pruritus in Women Undergoing Cesarean Delivery With Intrathecal Opioid: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Cadd M. , Jackson P. , Ewnetu B. 
Published: May 2024

(Anesth Analg. 2024;138(1):70–84)
Intrathecal opioids are effective for postoperative analgesia following CD, but they also have unpleasant side effects including shivering, nausea, vomiting, respiratory depression, and pruritus. The mechanisms of intrathecal opioid-induced pruritus are largely unknown. It is unknown if ondansetron has an antipruritic effect when administered with neuraxial analgesia. This study is an up-to-date systematic review that addressed the effectiveness of ondansetron for the prevention of pruritus that is associated with intrathecal opioids in women having CD.
INCREASED BLOOD PRESSURE VARIABILITY AND DECREASED HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN OLDER VS. YOUNGER INDIVIDUALS: MARKERS OF DISTURBED CARDIOVASCULAR AUTONOMIC MODULATION WITH AGEING?
Authors: Stoenoiu Maria S , Zhao Yanling , Zhang Zhen -Yu , Lopez-sublet Marilucy , Manolache Narcis -George , Zhang Jennie , Pasquet Agnès , Varnavas Varnavas , Beauloye Christophe , Parati Gianfranco , Stergiou George , Persu Alexandre 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
Cardiovascular regulation is affected by ageing through different mechanisms, including arterial baroreflex dysfunction and increased arterial stiffness, with an impact on blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) variability (V), established risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to compare BPV and HRV in older vs. younger individuals.

Design and method:
1080 hypertensive patients (704 younger, 40-55yrs, YH and 376 older, >=75yrs, OH) underwent 24h BP monitoring (ABPM) from 2018 to 2023. Patients with known dysautonomy, Parkinson or other neurodegenerative diseases were excluded. Short-term BPV indexes including standard deviation (SD), weighted standard deviation (wSD), average real variability (ARV), coefficient of variation (CV), and variability independent of mean (VIM) were estimated over 24h. HRV was assessed by SD and CV of heart rate measured during ABPM. The same analysis was replicated in a sample of 343 untreated individuals from the general population (309 YH; 34 OH).

Results:
As compared to YH, (mean age: 49.5±4.5yrs), OH (mean age: 80.2±4.5yrs) had significantly higher 24h systolic BPV (SD: 15.7±4.6 vs.13.6±4.0; wSD: 15.5±4.6 vs.13.5±4.0; ARV: 12.3±2.9 vs.10.0±2.7; VIM: 15.8±4.5 vs.13.9±4.0 mm Hg; CV: 12.2±3.5 vs.10.8±3.1%; p<0.001). In contrast, 24h HRV was significantly lower in OH than in YH group (SD: 7.2±3.0 vs. 9.1±3.4 beats/min; CV: 11.5±4.5 vs. 12.8.1±4.5%; p<0.001). Higher tertiles of BPV were associated with higher mean pulse pressure and higher pulsatility (pulse pressure normalized for mean arterial pressure), in both YH and OH. Similar results were obtained when comparing OH vs. YH individuals in the general population sample, both for 24h systolic BPV (SD: 14.7±3.1 vs.12.2±2.8; wSD: 14.9±3.1 vs.12.7 ±3.0; ARV: 11.5±2.1 vs.9.2±2.0; VIM: 13.6±2.5 vs.12.3±2.4 mmHg; CV: 11.4±2.1 vs.10.1±2.0%; p<0.01) and HRV (SD: 8.8±3.2 vs. 11.3±3.4 beats/min; CV: 12.7±4.5 vs. 15.1±4.3%; p<0.01).

Conclusions:
Increased BPV was associated with decreased HRV in older compared to younger individuals, both in a hypertensive cohort and in a general population sample. The respective contribution to these changes of age-related dysfunction of autonomic cardiovascular modulation and increased arterial stiffness and their prognostic implications deserve further investigation.
DAY-TO-DAY REPRODUCIBILITY OF NOCTURNAL BLOOD PRESSURE FALL (DIPPING) EVALUATED WITH WEARABLE AND HOME DEVICES IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Martino Pengo , Alessandro Croce , Ettore Brenna , Davide Soranna , Enrico Gianfranceschi , Elisa Nardin , Debora Rosa , Carolina Lombardi , Grzegorz Bilo , Antonella Zambon , Gianfranco Parati 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
Non-dipping status has been associated with increased risk of heart failure and cardiovascular events. However, its reproducibility when evaluated by means of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (BPM) is often suboptimal. Wearable devices (WD) and home BPM devices equipped with nocturnal measurement function (HBPMN) offer the opportunity of estimating dipping status over different days thus potentially increasing precision owing to statistical averaging.
We aimed to determine the reproducibility of nocturnal BP dipping estimated through a combined use of WD and HBPMN devices for daytime and night-time BP estimation within one week.

Design and method:
We recruited treated and untreated adult patients with hypertension. Patients underwent one week of home BP monitoring through a HBPMN device (NightView, OMRON Healthcare, HEM9601T-E3) and with an oscillometric WD (HeartGuide, OMRON Healthcare, HEM-6411T-MAE). Patients were asked to measure BP over one week with WD according to ESH-HBPM guidelines for daytime measurements and with HBPMN according to standard device settings for night-time measurements. Interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to evaluate reproducibility.

Results:
76 patients were included in the study. The main characteristics are summarised as follows: age (61±11.84 years), 32 (42%) females, BMI (28.12±4.90 Kg/m2). Most of them (98%) were treated hypertensives. Office systolic and diastolic BP were 134±4.43 mmHg and 80±4.84 mmHg, respectively. The average one-week systolic BP dipping was 16.14±9.44%. When we considered patients who had dipping assessment over at least the first 5 days (37 patients), intra-individual variability in the categorical definition of dipping status was observed (Figure 1) with a suboptimal reproducibility of average nocturnal BP fall (ICC 0.60).

Conclusions:
Nocturnal BP dipping estimated as continuous variable through the combined use of WD and HBPMN exhibits suboptimal reproducibility resulting in a variable day-by-day classification of patients according to their dipping status. Whether this reflects technical issues, or rather depends on the physiological variability of BP and sleeping patterns needs to be determined by future studies.