bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tridentate Lewis Acids Based on Tribenzotriquinacene Chalices
Authors: Franke Maurice , Klingsiek Maximilian J. , Buth Julian , Mix Andreas , Lamm Jan‐Hendrik , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans‐Georg , Mitzel Norbert W. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractChalice‐shaped tridentate poly‐Lewis acids (PLA) based on the tribenzotriquinacene (TBTQ) scaffold have been synthesised. Stannylation of the alkyne units, attached via phenyl‐spacers to the benzhydrylic positions to the TBTQ scaffold, with Me2NSnMe3 afforded the trimethyltin substituted TBTQ derivative. Replacement of these tin functions with other elements resulted in rigid boron‐ and aluminium‐functionalised PLAs. More flexible PLAs were obtained by hydrometallation reactions of the terminal alkyne groups of 4b,8b,12b‐tris((ethynyl)phenyl)tribenzotriquinacene. The resulting poly‐Lewis acids were tested for their acceptor abilities in host‐guest experiments with suitable bases. Preliminary tests with pyridine led to the synthesis of a large tridentate base with three pyridyl groups attached to a TBTQ backbone. Complexation of this Lewis base with the PLAs resulted in the formation of aggregates, which were studied in solution in more detail by 1H DOSY NMR experiments regarding their size. Further experiments were performed with the tridentate bases 1,4,7‐trimethyl‐1,4,7‐triazacyclononane and tris((dimethylphosphino)methyl)phenylsilane.
Impact of valvular surgery according to frailty risk in patients with infective endocarditis
Authors: Diaz‐Arocutipa Carlos , Moreno Guillermo , Vicent Lourdes 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundObservational studies suggest that valvular surgery can reduce mortality in selected patients with infective endocarditis (IE). However, the benefit of this intervention according to frailty levels remains unclear. Our study aims to assess the effect of valvular surgery according to frailty status in this population.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study using the 2016−2019 National Inpatient Sample database. Adult patients with a primary diagnosis of IE were included. Frailty was assessed using the Hospital Frailty Risk Score. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to balance baseline differences between groups.ResultsA total of 53,275 patients with IE were included, with 18.3% underwent valvular surgery. The median age was 52 (34−68) years, with 41% females. Overall, 42.7% had low risk of frailty, 53.1% intermediate risk, and 4.2% high risk. After IPTW adjustment, in‐hospital mortality was similar both for the entire cohort between valvular and non‐valvular surgery groups (3.7% vs. 4.1%, p = .483), and low (1% vs. 0.9%, p = .952) or moderate (5.4% vs. 6%, p = .548) risk of frailty. However, patients at high risk of frailty had significantly lower in‐hospital mortality in the valvular surgery group (4.6% vs. 13.9%, p = .016). Renal replacement therapy was similar between groups across frailty status. In contrast, surgery was associated with increased use of mechanical circulatory support and pacemaker implantation.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that there was no difference in survival between valve surgery and medical management in patients at low/intermediate frailty risk, but not for high‐risk individuals.
The Hydrazine Moiety in the Synthesis of Modified Nucleosides and Nucleotides
Authors: Guillou Anaïs , Peyrottes Suzanne , Vasseur Jean‐Jacques , Mathé Christophe , Smietana Michael 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSynthetic nucleoside mimics are re‐emerging as crucial contenders for antiviral and anticancer medications. While, Ribavirin stands out for its unique antiviral properties, predominantly associated with its distinctive triazole heterocycle as a nucleobase, the exploration of alternative nitrogen‐based aromatic heterocycles hold great promises for the discovery of novel bioactive nucleoside mimics. Although nucleoside derivatives synthesized from hydrazine‐ribose units have been in development for many decades, they have been little evaluated biologically and even less for their antiviral properties. With the aim of taking a closer look at these under‐explored derivatives and investigating their synthetic pathways, this review provides an overview of the molecular design, the chemical synthesis, and the biological activity, when available, of these nucleoside analogues. Overall, the entire body of work already done motivates further exploration of these analogues and encourages us of formulating structurally novel nucleoside drug candidates featuring innovative mode of action.
Bioequivalence Study of Atenolol Tablets in Healthy Chinese Subjects Under Fasting and Fed Conditions
Authors: Li Yongtao , Huang Yingying , Fu Xihua , Xia Jiajing , Su Jianfen , Gu Wenzhao , Liu Weixiong , Jian Jianqing , Xu Zuoheng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAtenolol, a cardioselective β1‐blocker, exhibits efficacy in treating cardiovascular diseases. We conducted a single‐center, randomized, open, single‐dose, 2‐preparation, 2‐cycle, 2‐sequence, double‐crossover trial with a 7‐day washout period to investigate the pharmacokinetics, bioequivalence (BE), and safety of test and reference atenolol tablets (25 mg) in healthy Chinese volunteers. Forty‐eight healthy participants were randomized into the fasting and fed arms. After administering a single oral dose of the test or reference formulation (25 mg), plasma atenolol concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. Pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained from concentration‐time profiles. In total, 23 and 24 individuals were included in the fasting and fed arms, respectively. The mean concentration‐time profiles for both formulations were similar, and Cmax, AUC0‐t, and AUC0‐∞ were within the BE range of 80%‐125%. Thirteen adverse events (AEs) were observed in 7 participants in the fasting arm; 1 withdrew from the trial early owing to an AE. In the fed arm, 20 AEs were observed in 8 participants, and none withdrew from the trial. All adverse reactions were grade I, with no serious AEs or deaths. Therefore, the 2 tablets are bioequivalent in healthy Chinese individuals under fasting and fed conditions, supporting their further clinical development.
Capacitance health monitoring in the modular multilevel converter using a method with minimum number of sensors and computational burden
Authors: Zoraghi‐Jedi Mahsa , Barakati Seyed‐Masoud , Rahmani‐Haredasht Mohsen , Barahouei Vahid , Yazdani Amirnaser 
Published: May 2024

SummaryThis paper proposes a method for capacitance health monitoring (CHM) of submodule capacitors in modular multilevel converters (MMCs) that uses a reduced number of voltage sensors. In the proposed method, the MMC arms are divided into some groups of submodules and one voltage sensor is used for each group. In addition, a capacitor voltage estimation technique with minimal computational complexity is used to determine the capacitor voltage. The ratio of the estimated to measured capacitor voltage during positive arm current is also used to demonstrate a simple and efficient capacitance monitoring method. Moreover, contrary to the limitations associated with traditional CHM methods, the proposed method reduces the required voltage sensors and minimizes data exchange between the power system and the central processor. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through simulation and experimental results under various operating conditions.
Half‐bridge flipped‐gamma Z‐source inverter with high voltage gain
Authors: Laali Sara , Babaei Ebrahim , Aalami Mohammadamin 
Published: May 2024

SummaryIn this paper, a new coupled inductor Z‐source inverter is proposed. The proposed topology can increase the boost factor value by increasing the number of turns ratio values. The proposed inverter is completely analyzed, and the related equations to the voltage and current of the used elements and boost factor are obtained. In addition, the values of the capacitors and inductors are designed to have a better performance based on the considered boost factor and input voltage level. Following, the proposed inverter is compared with several related topologies to determine the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed inverter. Finally, the accuracy performance of the proposed inverter is verified through results on experimental prototype.
Tidal versus fluvial point bars: Key features from the integration of outcrop, core and wireline log information of Triassic examples
Authors: Yeste Luis Miguel , Gil‐Ortiz Marc , García‐García Fernando , Viseras César , Mcdougall Neil David , Cabello Patricia , Caracciolo Luca 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Triassic red beds of the Tabular Cover of the Iberian Meseta are an excellent reservoir outcrop analogue, a direct consequence of high‐quality exposures, which offer exceptional three‐dimensional outcrops, as well as a wide variability of depositional environments. Fluvial and transitional with tide‐influenced and wave‐influenced settings are recognised. Three point bar geobodies of similar scale, but influenced by different processes, were selected from this succession. Point bar geobody 1 was influenced by purely fluvial processes while geobodies 2 and 3 were tide‐influenced. Both types of geobody were developed as point bar deposits in sinuous channels. A fully integrated study was carried out on these geobodies, utilising both outcrop and subsurface‐based approaches, to characterise the key differences between fluvial and tidal point bars in the sedimentary record. The outcrop‐based component involved traditional field data collection methods alongside digital techniques and data capture, including the use of digital outcrop models. Additionally, subsurface‐based methods were employed, utilising core and wireline logs obtained from wells drilled in close proximity to the outcrop. The integration of these approaches aims to accurately differentiate the depositional settings of the three different geobodies, which while apparently very similar in many key respects also exhibit considerable differences when considered from the perspective of subsurface management of potentially similar geobodies. This study also emphasises the need to clearly distinguish high‐sinuosity deposits based on their depositional sub‐environment in order to properly evaluate their potential for subsurface management. Additionally, it highlights the presence and importance of internal baffles that may well influence fluid migration and indeed even compartmentalise geobodies. Three point bar geobodies of similar scale, but influenced by different processes, have been selected in this succession. A fully integrated study was carried out on these geobodies, utilising both outcrop‐based and subsurface‐based approaches, to characterise the key differences between fluvial and tidal point bars in the sedimentary record.
Competition mode and soil nutrient status shape the role of soil microbes in the diversity–invasibility relationship
Authors: Li Haokun , Hu Xinyu , Geng Xinze , Xiao Bo , Miao Wei , Xu Zhiguang , Deng Yizhuo , Jiang Bohan , Hou Yuping 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the relationship between plant diversity and invasibility is essential in invasion ecology. Species‐rich communities are hypothesized to be more resistant to invasions than species‐poor communities. However, while soil microorganisms play a crucial role in regulating this diversity–invasibility relationship, the effects of plant competition mode and soil nutrient status on their role remain unclear. To address this, we conducted a two‐stage greenhouse experiment. Soils were first conditioned by growing nine native species separately in them for 1 year, then mixed in various configurations with soils conditioned using one, three, or six species, respectively. Next, we inoculated the mixed soil into sterilized substrate soil and planted the alien species Rhus typhina and native species Ailanthus altissima as test plants. We set up two competition modes (intraspecific and interspecific) and two nutrient levels (fertilization using slow‐release fertilizer and nonfertilization). Under intraspecific competition, regardless of fertilization, the biomass of the alien species was higher in soil conditioned by six native species. By contrast, under interspecific competition, the biomass increased without fertilization but remained stable with fertilization in soil conditioned by six native species. Analysis of soil microbes suggests that pathogens and symbiotic fungi in diverse plant communities influenced R. typhina growth, which varied with competition mode and nutrient status. Our findings suggest that the soil microbiome is pivotal in mediating the diversity–invasibility relationship, and this influence varies according to competition mode and nutrient status.
The assessment of water quality by macroinvertebrate and water quality indices in small reservoir (Damsa, Türkiye)
Authors: Fındık Özlem , Aras Seval 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe composition and spatial distribution of macroinvertebrates in the Damsa reservoir have been analysed. Also, reservoir water was evaluated with water quality index (WQI). Damsa reservoir is significant for both biodiversity and recreation in the region. Except for the winter season, the lake water is of good quality for WQI. There is pollution in the lake in terms of phosphorus, especially for winter. In terms of phosphate, all of the stations are mezotrophic for the OECD; however, Stations 4 and 5 are eutrophic for the Türkiye Surface Water Quality Management Regulation (the others are mezotrophic). Community variation and status of benthic macroinvertebrate were evaluated with Ecological Status Class Assessment Tools (ESCATs) indices which have been widely used in the literature. In the present study, 1062 individual benthic macroinvertebrates from 11 orders and 17 families were collected. A total of 46 macroinvertebrates taxa were identified. The first three dominant groups are Oligochaeta (42.66%), Hemiptera (Micronecta scholtzi, 23.07%) and Chironomidae (19.67%).
The effects of native seed mix composition and sowing density on plant community reassembly in wetlands
Authors: Robinson Rae , Beck Laura , Kettenring Karin M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSeed‐based restoration of wetlands is often necessary to improve important ecosystem functions (e.g., invasion resistance and habitat provisioning) and meet society's need for wetland ecosystem services such as supporting recreational activities and improving water quality. However, persistent questions remain about the composition and sowing density of seed mixes needed to restore robust native wetland plant communities. In Great Salt Lake wetlands (Utah, USA), the revegetation of native species is crucial to recovering critical habitat and preventing reinvasion of the invasive, non‐native grass Phragmites australis and other invasive species (e.g., Typha spp.). In greenhouse and field experiments, we investigated the effects of seed mix composition and sowing density on plant community reassembly. We predicted that seed mixes containing native forb species with resource‐preempting traits (e.g., rapid seedling emergence and high aboveground growth rate) and high sowing densities (>5500 pure live seed m−2), would increase native plant light acquisition and establishment, thereby limiting invasive species. To our surprise, the effect of seed mix composition on native plant performance (cover and biomass) varied among the experiments, with distinct differences between plant functional groups arising. Native forb species had the highest performance in the greenhouse, but native grasses performed better in the field. Although multiple seed mix compositions show promise for establishing high native cover and biomass, these mixes may not always suppress invasive species. Interestingly, seed mix composition most often affected plant performance independent of sowing density. However, in one greenhouse experiment, we found that only slow‐growing mixes required a high sowing density to maximize native cover, an indication that the ideal sowing density may depend on the seed mix composition. Our research also supports the idea that in addition to reducing propagules of invasive species via appropriate management strategies, the application of higher sowing densities (>5500 pure live seed m−2) may lead to more favorable outcomes when a high density of invasive plant seeds remains or stressful field conditions are present. This research contributes to knowledge of plant community reestablishment in wetlands and demonstrates how seed‐based restoration strategies can catalyze native species revegetation and, in some situations, reduce the cover of invasive species.
Electrochemical Decarboxylation/Mumm Rearrangement towards Imides
Authors: Jiang Ping , Liang Chaoqiang , He Tianyu , Liu Rui , Meng Xiangtai , Zheng Yu , Huang Shenlin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe report an electrochemically promoted decarboxylation of readily available carboxylic acid and subsequent Mumm rearrangement to synthesize the corresponding imides. The reaction features external oxidant‐free, transition metal‐free mild conditions, and good functional group tolerance, affording various imides in moderate to good yields. Mechanistic studies reveal that the selective oxidation of aliphatic carboxylic acids appears to be the key step in this transformation.
Therapeutic value of patent foramen ovale closure for drug‐resistant epilepsy: A case series report
Authors: Ji Shuming , Dong Bosi , Tang Yusha , Li Hua , Lai Wanlin , Li Yajiao , Chen Yucheng , Peng Anjiao , Chen Lei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveClosure surgery of patent foramen ovale (PFO) has been found to effectively control cryptogenic stroke and migraine, but it is uncertain whether PFO closure could also alleviate epileptic seizures. This study aims to observe the therapeutic effect of PFO closure on epileptic seizures.MethodsSince July 11th, 2017, in the neurology department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, we have been regularly monitoring patients with epilepsy who have undergone PFO closure. The patient's clinical information, such as frequency, duration, and severity of seizures, before and after surgery was recorded in detail as well as postoperative safety events.ResultsOf the 31 epilepsy patients who confirmed PFO observed (27 cases were drug‐resistant epilepsy, 87.10%), average age of surgery was 23.74 years, and 12 cases were female (38.71%). After one‐year follow‐up, 26 patients (83.87%) achieved remission of seizure frequency, and 22 of whom (70.97%) experienced a remission of more than 50%. Additionally, compared to before surgery, 22 cases (70.97%) reported a decrease in the average seizure duration, and 20 cases (64.52%) reported a reduction in seizure severity. In the seizure indicators of frequency, average duration and severity, significant differences were identified between preoperative and postoperative comparisons with all test p values were <0.05. Furthermore, no serious safety events were reported except for one patient who briefly reported chest pain, and all patients expressed effective PFO closure.SignificanceThe PFO closure has been shown for the first time to result in a significant reduction in the frequency, duration, and severity of seizures. Patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy and PFO with a large shunt are ideal candidates for undergoing PFO closure.Plain Language SummarySince PFO closure was found to have a good therapeutic effect on cryptogenic stroke and migraine, it has become a credible complementary therapy for the treatment of neurological diseases, and drug‐resistant epilepsy with PFO is expected to become the next target disease that PFO closure could significantly improve.
Theoretical modeling and experimental verification of a broadband microvibrational energy harvesting system
Authors: Wei Hongtao , Wang Wei , Gao Jiaqi , Zhang Qiang , Guo Pan , Hu Zhixin , Li Baolin , Li Zilin , Wei Ronghan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo scavenge energy from imperceptible vibrations, this paper investigates the broadband response and output performance of a microvibrational piezoelectric energy harvesting system with mechanical stopper. The energy harvesting system comprises a cantilever beam made of piezoelectric material, which is affixed with a coil at its unbound end and a mechanical stopper. The coil is placed in a magnetic field to provide an ultra‐low level excitation. The electromechanical model is derived according to force integration method (FIM) and Hertz's contact theory, and numerical simulations are undertaken to evaluate the influence of the excitation level, and the gap on the performance. For the linear counterpart without stopper, experimental results indicate the system generates a peak power of 24.12 μW with matched resistance under excitation with a level of 0.003 N and a frequency of 200.3 Hz. When a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stopper is introduced, the vibration of the piezoelectric beam exhibits an obvious nonlinearity with an amplitude of micron scale. Increasing the excitation level and decreasing the gap could efficiently broaden the response bandwidth. Experimental results demonstrate that a copper stopper with larger elastic modulus results in a wider response frequency range, and the half‐power bandwidth could reach 37.1 Hz under excitation with a level of 0.003 N.
Transfiguring energy with an advantageous supercapacitor integrating MoS2/carbon quantum dots bi‐composites into a high‐performance polypyrrole matrix for unprecedented efficiency
Authors: Arora Rajat , Dhanda Monika , Yadav Meena , Pahuja Priti , Ahlawat Simran , Jhanjhariya Neeru , Nehra S. P. , Lata Suman 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFor the first time, a simple one‐step in situ chemical polymerization technique is used to create a novel molybdenum disulphide/sulphonated carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and polypyrrole (MCP) nanocomposite that is extended for successful use in charge storage supercapacitor (SC) device. By inheriting qualities of excellent electrical conductivity of MoS2, CQDs and improved pseudocapacitive activity of polypyrrole (PPy), the MCP nanocomposite provides a suitable SC electrode material. 0.6 MCP nanocomposited three‐electrode system demonstrates 93.21% retention after 5000 cycles, and a maximum specific capacity of 2253 F/g at 2 mV/s with higher side of energy density as 106.06 Wh/kg along with a considerable power density as 180.28 W/kg. Using MCP as anode and an AC or activated charcoal electrode as cathode, a solid‐state asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) was constructed. The fabricated device supplies a greater value of specific capacitance as 154.09 F/g at 100 mV/s and 175 F/g at 0.1 A/g, also evidenced superior energy density data as 126 Wh/kg along with an appreciable power density of 604.8 W/kg. After charging the ASC for 2 min, the light emitting diode shone for 5 min. The findings underpin that MCP is a potential electrode material that could be utilized as a better alternative in futuristic supercapacitor devices.