bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Sedimentry Thickness and Structural Paramaters of Binji and Its Environs, Part of Sokoto Basin North-west Nigeria, Using Satellite Gravity and Aeromagnetic Data Analysis
Authors: Shehu Abdulmalik Sfada , Ali Abdullah Musa 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In this study, we assessed depth to basement (Sedimentary thickness) and structural parameters of Binji and its environs, part of Sokoto Basin using an integrated analysis of aeromagnetic and satellite gravity data, to ascertain the viability for hosting hydrocarbon potentials of the study area. Source parameter imaging, Euler deconvoultion and Spectral analysis were employed to determine the Structural and sedimentary thickness, while Analytical signal, center for exploration target and vertical derivatives was used to enhance the structural features and lineament in the study area. The Results from the power spectral analysis revealed that the average thickness of the sediments varies from 0.865 km to 3.74 km from magnetic anomaly map and 0.112 km to 5.02 km from bouguer gravity map. The SPI estimates depth to magnetic source ranging from 0.931 km to 5.174 km from magnetic anomaly map and depth range between 515m to 3315m from bouguer map. Euler solution for Magnetic anomaly map revealed structural depths ranging from -628m to 1624m for (SI= 0) and depths ranging from 3012m to 3865m for (SI= 1). Whereas Euler Solution for bouguer anomaly map show depth range between -683m to 5078m for (SI= 1), and depths ranging from 832m to 5474m for (SI= 2). Both The gravity and magnetic derivatives map show predominant SW-NE, SW-EW and E-W structural trend. The whole work implies that, hydrocarbon prospect is possible in Sokoto Basin as depth of oil and gas maturation of most West African prospect start from 2.3km depth.
Innovative Approaches to Barley Cultivation: Magnetic Field Treatment for Improved Yield and Quality
Authors: KAHRAMAN Neslihan DORUK , OKUMUS Onur , YILDIZ Mustafa 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Barley is a cereal grain cultivated widely across the world. Barley’s wide adaptability is the reason for it being preferred in dry farming systems in several nations. The ever-increasing world population and decreasing agricultural land have led to a serious issue of lower yield per unit area. In this context, the present study aimed to determine the effects of 150 mT of magnetic field (MF) treatment applied at different time points (Control, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h) on the biochemical characteristics, yield, and yield components of barley plants. Three barley cultivars, namely, Aydanhanım, Bolayır, and Baronesse, were cultivated at Konya and Kayseri locations during the 2020/2021 growing season. An average increase of 24% in the seed yield, 20% in the protein yield, 30% in starch yield, and 35.89% in oil yield were observed in groups that received magnetic field treatments at 48 h and 72 h. at both locations, compared to the control groups, MF treatments led to significant increases in the spike length, number of grains per spike, and 1000 grain weight, all of which are important agricultural traits affecting plant yield. These findings contributed to the information on plant development and biochemical contents after magnetic field application and would, therefore, serve as a reference for future studies on the subject.
A SDGs-oriented evaluation of the ecological sustainability of international horticultural exposition sites in Chengdu, China
Authors: Huang Biao , Yang Haolin , Wang Ruoyu , Meng Yufei , Feng Shi , Li Mucong , Hu Yonghong , Peng Hongming , Shang Kankan , Jiang Zehui 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This study uses AHP-entropy weight methodology and a spatial econometric regression model to evaluate the ecological sustainability and its changes between the current situation and the planning scenario at the 2024 Chengdu International Horticultural Exposition in China. The results reveal that the low and highest sustainability levels decreased, while medium levels increased to 34.04 hm2. Converting village settlements, wastelands, and farmland into exhibition gardens and water bodies will increase medium-level ecological sustainability by improving rain and flood security and reducing flood disaster risk. Integrated Service areas will have more impervious surfaces as the site develops. Some forest destruction, decreased vegetation coverage, three-dimensional green volume, and vegetation carbon stock will result. It will lower the highest ecological sustainability. The regressive correlation between ecological sustainability level and quantitative indicators was relatively high, ranging from 0.5875 to 0.7148. It will provide policymakers with references and guidance for sustainable development mega-events.
Comparatives Studies on the Proximate Composition and Sensory Evaluation of “Fura” Produced From Selected Cereals
Authors: G Lawrence I. , M Oyebanji O. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This research work aimed to investigate the comparative study of fura from different cereals. Pearl-millet (Pennisetum glaucum), Finger-millet (Eleusine coracana), Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and maize (Zea may) were cleaned, dry milled and sieved to produced fura flour. The cereal flour was mixed with spices and conditioned using 1.5 L of tap water to improve molding. The samples were analyzed for proximate and sensory properties. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA (p < 0.05). The result of the proximate composition of the fura samples ranged between 16.70–18.07%, 1.18–3.66%, 0.82–1.23%, 2.38–4.32%, 10.07–10.53% and 65.12–67.20% for moisture, ash, fibre, lipid, protein and carbohydrate content respectively. The sensory evaluations of the samples showed sample A (Pearl-millet fura) with higher overall acceptability. However, all the fura samples scored above averages which imply that the entire samples were accepted by the panelists. Finger-millet, white and red sorghum and maize fura would therefore, be acceptable as good alternatives to pearl-millet for fura production.
Multiresolution of the one dimensional free-particle propagator
Authors: Dinvay Evgueni , Zabelina Yuliya , Frediani Luca 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Novel methods to integrate the time-dependent Schrödinger equation within the framework of multiscale approximation is presented. The methods are based on symplectic splitting algorithms to separate the kinetic and potential parts of the corresponding propagator. The semigroup associated with the free-particle Schrödinger operator is represented in a multiwavelet basis. The propagator is effectively discretized with a contour deformation technique, which overcomes the challenges presented by previous discretization methods. The discretized operator is then employed in simple numerical simulations to test the validity of the implementation and to benchmark its precision.
Septic tank usage and its faecal sludge management in Cuenca, Ecuador
Authors: Arévalo-Durazno María Belén , Ballari Daniela , Alvarado Andrés 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

On-site sanitation systems such as septic tanks are widely used for treating domestic wastewater in urban and rural areas which lack sewage systems. However, a large portion of these systems do not properly treat human excreta. A main challenge to improve this is the absence of comprehensive data regarding the usage, emptying and maintenance. In this study, records of septic tank desludging frequency during 2009–2022 and the sewerage coverage updated to 2022 were used to investigate their spatial and temporal utilisation, and the persistence of septic tank usage in areas with sewer networks and uncover the current state of Faecal Sludge Management in Cuenca, Ecuador. The spatial behaviour revealed that OSSs are still in use besides the presence of a sewer network. In 2022, there were 109 septic tanks in urban areas with 14.7% in sectors with sewerage service. In rural areas, 469 septic tanks were recorded with 7.8% situated in areas with sewer networks. Although there is no specialised infrastructure in place for the treatment and disposal of faecal sludge, the city has effectively managed it with the existing sanitation facilities. This assessment contributes to the formulation of a secure framework for a safely managed sanitation.
Impact of reclaimed wastewater on alfalfa production under different irrigation methods
Authors: Mazahrih N. Th. , Albalawneh Abeer , Bani Hani Nabeel , Khadra Roula , Abo Dalo Ahmed , Al-Omari Yousef , Alomari Badir , Abu Hammad Mohammad , Martin Isabel , Fahd Khalid , Carletti Alberto , Paulotto Alessandra , Haddad Nizar 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
The effect of different irrigation methods (sprinkler, surface, surface-drip, and subsurface-drip) using treated wastewater, on alfalfa yield quantity and quality, was studied under semi-arid conditions. Randomized complete block design considering irrigation methods on 5 × 5 m plots replicated four times. Applied irrigation water was based on the Penman–Monteith equation using the FAO Cropwat software and accounting for the efficiencies of used irrigation systems. Surface irrigation gave the highest alfalfa fresh yield without significant difference compared to subsurface-drip. Average fresh production was 123, 120, 109, and 91 tons/h for surface, subsurface-drip, surface-drip, and sprinkler irrigation, respectively. Alfalfa fresh weight from subsurface-drip irrigation was 32 and 10% higher compared to sprinkler and surface-drip irrigation. Alfalfa dry weight from subsurface-drip irrigation was 10, 21, and 47% higher compared to surface-drip, surface, and sprinkler irrigation, respectively. N percentage in alfalfa leaves was significantly lower by 12% under subsurface-drip irrigation as compared to the other irrigation methods. Escherichia coli (E. coli) and fecal coliform (FC) were not detected on alfalfa leaves using subsurface-drip irrigation. E. coli and FC counts were high on leaves using sprinkler and surface irrigation. Subsurface-drip irrigation may be adapted as an efficient irrigation method when using non-conventional water under semi-arid conditions.
Sustainable water–ecosystem management using the Bayesian network and variable relationship analysis
Authors: Zhang Pengyu , Jia Meng , Wei Xiaojuan 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Under the pressures of global climate change and human activities, the carrying capacity of water and soil resources in agricultural lands has decreased, and the traditional models of agricultural development are no longer sustainable. Land degradation, groundwater quality reduction and ecosystem instability are the consequences of agricultural development without considering sustainability indicators. This article aims to investigate the use of variable relationship analysis and Bayesian network methods to analyze and investigate the relationship between irrigation in agriculture and the sustainability of the groundwater ecosystem. Descriptive statistics of agriculture including cultivation pattern, time, precipitation, irrigation, and land slope were analyzed and combined with the simulated characteristics of groundwater including specific yield, hydraulic conductivity and hydrodynamic diffusion coefficients. Five crops of wheat, barley, paddy, alfalfa, and potato were studied to evaluate the effect of plants on the pattern of nitrate release due to irrigation and fertilization in agriculture. The results showed that managing the amount of fertilizer and the volume of irrigation can positively affect the nitrate distribution pattern in the groundwater even in a short period of time.
A combination of microbial electrolysis cells and bioaugmentation can effectively treat synthetic wastewater containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
Authors: Min Zhang , Rui Tang , Yu Li 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

The anaerobic biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is challenging due to its toxic effect on the microbes. Microbial electrolysis cells (MECs), with their excellent characteristics of anodic and cathodic biofilms, can be a viable way to enhance the biodegradation of PAHs. This work assessed different cathode materials (carbon brush and nickel foam) combined with bioaugmentation on typical PAHs-naphthalene biodegradation and analyzed the inhibition amendment mechanism of microbial biofilms in MECs. Compared with the control, the degradation efficiency of naphthalene with the nickel foam cathode supplied with bioaugmentation dosage realized a maximum removal rate of 94.5 ± 3.2%. The highest daily recovered methane yield (227 ± 2 mL/gCOD) was also found in the nickel foam cathode supplied with bioaugmentation. Moreover, the microbial analysis demonstrated the significant switch of predominant PAH-degrading microorganisms from Pseudomonas in control to norank_f_Prolixibacteraceae in MECs. Furthermore, hydrogentrophic methanogenesis prevailed in MEC reactors, which is responsible for methane production. This study proved that MEC combined with bioaugmentation could effectively alleviate the inhibition of PAH, with the nickel foam cathode obtaining the fastest recovery rate in terms of methane yield.
Niosomes as a Promising Therapeutic Approach against Colorectal Cancer: A
Focus on the Delivery of Chemotherapeutics and Natural Products
Authors: Mollazadeh Samaneh , Al-Asady Abdulridha Mohammed , Barjasteh Amirhosein , Latifi Hanieh , Avan Amir , Khazaei Majid , Ryzhikov Mikhail , Hassanian Seyed Mahdi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract:
Nanotechnology has emerged as an effective approach to cancer treatment, including Colorectal
Cancer (CRC). While conventional treatments, such as chemotherapeutic agents, are used to manage CRC,
their efficacy can be improved using drug delivery systems that enhance their bioavailability and reduce side
effects. Niosomes, polymeric nanoparticles, have shown promise as biocompatible vehicles that can transport
hydrophilic and lipophilic molecules. This can result in reduced drug dosage and increased efficacy. This review
examines the use of niosomal formulations as a delivery platform for treating CRC and provides practical
insights into their clinical applications.
Brain Activation During Virtual Reality Symptom Provocation in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: van Bennekom Martine J , van Wingen Guido , Bruin Willem Benjamin , Luigjes Judy , Denys Damiaan 
Published: May 2024

Background
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by obsessions and compulsions. We previously showed that a virtual reality (VR) game can be used to provoke and measure anxiety and compulsions in patients with OCD. Here, we investigated whether this VR game activates brain regions associated with symptom provocation.

Objective
In this study, we aim to investigate the neural regions that are activated in patients with OCD when they are interactively confronted with a symptom-provoking event and when they are performing compulsive actions in VR.

Methods
In a proof-of-concept study, we investigated brain activation in response to the VR game in 9 patients with OCD and 9 healthy controls. Participants played the VR game while regional changes in blood oxygenation were measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging. We investigated brain activation in relation to OCD-related events and virtual compulsions in the VR game. Due to low statistical power because of the sample size, we also reported results at trend significance level with a threshold of P<.10. Additionally, we investigated correlations between OCD severity and brain activation.

Results
We observed a trend for increased activation in the left amygdala (P=.07) upon confrontation with OCD-related events and for increased activation in the bilateral amygdala (P=.06 and P=.09) and right insula (P=.09) when performing virtual compulsive actions in patients with OCD compared to healthy controls, but this did not attain statistical significance. The amygdala and insula activation did not correlate with OCD severity.

Conclusions
The findings of this proof-of-concept study indicate that VR elicits brain activation in line with previous provocation studies. Our findings need to be replicated in a study with a larger sample size. VR may be used as an innovative and unique method of interactive symptom provocation in future neuroimaging studies.

Trial Registration
Netherlands Trial Register NTR6420; https://onderzoekmetmensen.nl/nl/trial/25755
Difference in Rumor Dissemination and Debunking Before and After the Relaxation of COVID-19 Prevention and Control Measures in China: Infodemiology Study
Authors: Liu Xiaoqi , Hu Qingyuan , Wang Jie , Wu Xusheng , Hu Dehua 
Published: May 2024

Background
The information epidemic emerged along with the COVID-19 pandemic. While controlling the spread of COVID-19, the secondary harm of epidemic rumors to social order cannot be ignored.

Objective
The objective of this paper was to understand the characteristics of rumor dissemination before and after the pandemic and the corresponding rumor management and debunking mechanisms. This study aimed to provide a theoretical basis and effective methods for relevant departments to establish a sound mechanism for managing network rumors related to public health emergencies such as COVID-19.

Methods
This study collected data sets of epidemic rumors before and after the relaxation of the epidemic prevention and control measures, focusing on large-scale network rumors. Starting from 3 dimensions of rumor content construction, rumor propagation, and rumor-refuting response, the epidemic rumors were subdivided into 7 categories, namely, involved subjects, communication content, emotional expression, communication channels, communication forms, rumor-refuting subjects, and verification sources. Based on this framework, content coding and statistical analysis of epidemic rumors were carried out.

Results
The study found that the rumor information was primarily directed at a clear target audience. The main themes of rumor dissemination were related to the public’s immediate interests in the COVID-19 field, with significant differences in emotional expression and mostly negative emotions. Rumors mostly spread through social media interactions, community dissemination, and circle dissemination, with text content as the main form, but they lack factual evidence. The preferences of debunking subjects showed differences, and the frequent occurrence of rumors reflected the unsmooth channels of debunking. The χ2 test of data before and after the pandemic showed that the P value was less than .05, indicating that the difference in rumor content before and after the pandemic had statistical significance.

Conclusions
This study’s results showed that the themes of rumors during the pandemic are closely related to the immediate interests of the public, and the emotions of the public accelerate the spread of these rumors, which are mostly disseminated through social networks. Therefore, to more effectively prevent and control the spread of rumors during the pandemic and to enhance the capability to respond to public health crises, relevant authorities should strengthen communication with the public, conduct emotional risk assessments, and establish a joint mechanism for debunking rumors.
Predicting the Transition to Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity Among Young Adults With Metabolically Healthy Obesity in South Korea: Nationwide Population-Based Study
Authors: Lee HyunHae , Kim Ji-Su , Shin Hyerine 
Published: May 2024

Background
Globally, over 39% of individuals are obese. Metabolic syndrome, usually accompanied by obesity, is regarded as a major contributor to noncommunicable diseases. Given this relationship, the concepts of metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity, considering metabolic status, have been evolving. Attention is being directed to metabolically healthy people with obesity who have relatively low transition rates to noncommunicable diseases. As obesity rates continue to rise and unhealthy behaviors prevail among young adults, there is a growing need for obesity management that considers these metabolic statuses. A nomogram can be used as an effective tool to predict the risk of transitioning to metabolically unhealthy obesity from a metabolically healthy status.

Objective
The study aimed to identify demographic factors, health behaviors, and 5 metabolic statuses related to the transition from metabolically healthy obesity to unhealthy obesity among people aged between 20 and 44 years and to develop a screening tool to predict this transition.

Methods
This secondary analysis study used national health data from the National Health Insurance System in South Korea. We analyzed the customized data using SAS (SAS Institute Inc) and conducted logistic regression to identify factors related to the transition from metabolically healthy to unhealthy obesity. A nomogram was developed to predict the transition using the identified factors.

Results
Among 3,351,989 people, there was a significant association between the transition from metabolically healthy to unhealthy obesity and general characteristics, health behaviors, and metabolic components. Male participants showed a 1.30 higher odds ratio for transitioning to metabolically unhealthy obesity than female participants, and people in the lowest economic status were also at risk for the transition (odds ratio 1.08, 95% CI 1.05-1.1). Smoking status, consuming >30 g of alcohol, and insufficient regular exercise were negatively associated with the transition. Each relevant variable was assigned a point value. When the nomogram total points reached 295, the shift from metabolically healthy to unhealthy obesity had a prediction rate of >50%.

Conclusions
This study identified key factors for young adults transitioning from healthy to unhealthy obesity, creating a predictive nomogram. This nomogram, including triglycerides, waist circumference, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, blood pressure, and fasting glucose, allows easy assessment of obesity risk even for the general population. This tool simplifies predictions amid rising obesity rates and interventions.