bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of pecan, hickory, and walnut phospholipids and the comparable effects of pecan phospholipids with soy phospholipids on scopolamine‐induced dementia in mice
Authors: Jia Xiaodong , Zhao Xingzeng , Tan Wenyue , Wang Ziyan , Du Jianke , Guo Zhongren , Wang Tao , Xu Mengyang , Liu Chenghang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractNuts are famous and popular for their ability to nourish the brain. The effects of nuts differ depending on their phospholipid compositions, but unfortunately, studies on phospholipids in nuts are lacking. Therefore, the phospholipid compositions of pecan, hickory, and walnut, which are all from the Juglandaceae family, were analyzed and compared for the first time in this study. A total of 91 phospholipids from 10 classes were identified, while phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and phosphatidic acid are the major classes of phospholipids in these nuts. The substituted fatty acid chains were mainly polyunsaturated fatty acids, followed by saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids in PCs, PEs, and all the phospholipids in the three types of nuts. Given that pecans have the highest total phospholipid content, PC content, PE content, and phosphatidylserine (PS) content of among the three nuts, and considering that PC, PE, and PS have been reported to enhance memory, pecans were chosen for further pharmacological analysis. Relatively high‐purity (56.1%) pecan phospholipid extract (51.6 g) was obtained from pecan kernels (70 kg) to obtain more accurate biological activity results. The biological activity of pecan phospholipids was evaluated by behavioral tests, including the step‐through test, the step‐down test, and the Morris water maze test. A total of 210 mice were divided into seven groups and intragastrically administered pecan phospholipids (120, 60, and 30 mg kg−1), while soy phospholipids (400 and 200 mg kg−1) were used as positive controls. The results indicated that pecan phospholipids possess learning‐ and memory‐enhancing abilities comparable to those of soy phospholipids.Practical ApplicationThe phospholipid compositions of pecan, hickory, and walnut were analyzed and compared for the first time in this study, providing guidance for the future utilization of the valuable oils from these nuts. The findings of this study lay the groundwork for the future utilization of phospholipids from these types of nuts.
Role of sulfatase LPMS from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum dy‐1 in releasing bound phenolic acids of barley bran dietary fiber
Authors: Bai Juan , Pan Beibei , Luo Wei , Yang Zihan , Zhu Lin , Cheng Zhangchen , Zhao Yansheng , Zhang Jiayan , Zhu Ying , Xiao Xiang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractLatic acid fermentation is an effective way to release the bound phenolic acids from grains dietary fiber to improve the biological effects in vivo. Previous analysis of whole genome sequencing and comparative proteomics has revealed that a sulfatase named LPMS in Lactiplantibacillus plantarum dy‐1 (L. plantarum dy‐1) was the potential key enzyme in promoting the release of bound phenol from barley bran dietary fiber. In this present study, we utilized gene editing technology to modify dy‐1 to verify the key role of LPMS in releasing the bond phenolic acids during dy‐1 fermentation. Results showed that lpms knockout and overexpression strains (dy‐1‐∆LPMS and dy‐1‐OELPMS) were successfully constructed, evidenced by the lpms gene level and sequencing. lpms editing delayed the exponential period of dy‐1 growth but had little effect on the stable period. Fermented barley bran dietary fiber (FBDF) by dy‐1, dy‐1‐∆LPMS, and dy‐1‐OELPMS demonstrated lower molecular weight, rougher surface morphology, looser microstructure, and decreased crystallinity, among which dy‐1‐∆LPMS showed the least influence. Confocal laser scanning microscope results illustrated that the colocalization between bound phenolic acids and dietary fibers was more apparent under dy‐1‐ΔLPMS fermentation. Furthermore, knockout of lpms significantly declined the release of bond phenolic acids, especially for the hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives, resulting in the lower antioxidant capacities (p < 0.05). In all, we confirmed that the sulfatase LPMS in L. plantarum dy‐1 played great part in releasing the bond phenolic acids from barley bran dietary fiber, therefore improving the bioactivity of released phenolic acids.Practical ApplicationThis study confirmed the sulfatase LPMS in L. plantarum dy‐1 played key role in releasing the bond phenolic acids during fermentation of barley bran dietary fiber. In the future, heterologously expressed LPMSs have great potential applications in the brewing and feed industries, among others, which could increase the nutritional and commercial value of byproducts.
Ecology and Spatial Distribution of Magnetotactic Bacteria in Araguaia River Floodplain
Authors: Taveira Igor , Cypriano Jefferson , Guimarães Juliana , Vieira Ludgero Cardoso Galli , Junior José Francisco Gonçalves , Enrich‐Prast Alex , Abreu Fernanda 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMagnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are Gram‐negative, ubiquitous, aquatic, flagellated, microaerophilic, or anaerobic microorganisms exhibiting magnetotactic behaviour based on magnetosomes, which are the structural signature of the group. Magnetosomes are ferrimagnetic nanocrystals surrounded by a lipid bilayer, usually aligned in chain(s) within the cell. Environmental abiotic conditions such as salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, and oxidation–reduction potential may drive the diversity of MTB populations in environments. Our results reported the first evidence of MTB in sediments sampled from the Araguaia River floodplain in the Amazon‐Cerrado biome. Light microscopy showed at least six morphotypes of South‐seeking MTB. Transmission electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy observations demonstrated magnetite cuboctahedral, prismatic, and anisotropic magnetosomes. PCA ordination demonstrated a more significant influence of depth, ORP (oxidation–reduction potential), and transparency in sampled data from the river main channel (MC). Non‐metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination and correlation analysis demonstrated a difference between MTB populations inhabiting MC and lakes and affluent (LA). NGS and bioinformatic analysis revealed higher richness and diversity among magnetotactic cocci and the majority phylogenetic assignment of MTB affiliated to Pseudomonadota phylum. Hence, the complete acquisition of these results will provide further insight into magnetotaxis characterisation and the abiotic factors that impact MTB spatial distribution.
Reproductive‐Triggered Sterol Competition Exacerbates Age‐Related Intestinal Barrier Damage in Drosophila Females
Authors: Yu Guixiang , Chen Kejin , Yang Mingyao , Wu Qi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe trade‐off between reproduction and lifespan has been documented across a wide array of organisms, ranging from invertebrates to mammals. In malnourishing dietary conditions, inhibition of the reproductive processes generally extends the lifespan of females. However, the underlying mechanisms through which nutritional competition driven by reproduction accelerates aging remain poorly understood. Here, using female Drosophila melanogaster as a model, we show that among various dietary conditions lacking specific nutrients, only sterol deficiency significantly exacerbated both the incidence and severity of intestinal barrier deterioration during aging. Sterile mutation specifically ameliorated such damage in sterol‐deprived diets, but failed to alleviate age‐related intestinal barrier deterioration under other nutritional conditions. Additionally, we demonstrate that the lifespan extension and intestinal barrier amelioration, accompanied by a reproductive suppression effect, through the pharmacological inhibition of mTOR or Ras–Erk signaling using rapamycin or trametinib, were significantly modulated by cholesterol levels. Our study also identifies the morphological changes in excreta as a sensitive biomarker for early intestinal dysfunction. Collectively, these results suggest that the impairment of the intestinal barrier caused by reproductive‐induced sterol competition constitutes a significant factor limiting female lifespan in nutritionally unbalanced diets. This work elucidates a salient aspect of the complex interplay between reproductive resource allocation and somatic maintenance, thereby enhancing our understanding of how diet impacts the aging process.
Do the differing vaping and smoking trends in Australia and New Zealand reflect different regulatory policies?
Authors: Mendelsohn Colin Paul , Beaglehole Robert , Borland Ron , Hall Wayne , Wodak Alex , Youdan Ben , Chan Gary Chung Kai 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground and AimsComparing regulatory models for nicotine vaping products in different countries can provide insights into the most effective regulatory approach but can be confounded by cross‐national differences. This study compared two neighbouring countries with very different vaping regulatory models but with similar tobacco control policies and population demographics. Australia has a highly restrictive, prescription‐only vaping policy, while New Zealand adopted a regulated consumer model.MethodsThis study compared trends in daily smoking and vaping among adults and youth from 2016 to 2023 in Australia (adults ≥14 years and ≥15 years; youth 12–17 years) and New Zealand (adults ≥15 years, youth 14–15 years), using published statistics from large nationally representative surveys.ResultsBetween 2016 and 2023, the decrease in adult daily smoking in New Zealand (from 14.5% to 6.8%) was larger than in Australia (from 12.2% to 8.3%) by a factor of 0.67 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.43, 0.93]. However, the increase in adult vaping in New Zealand (from 0.9% to 9.7%) was larger than in Australia (0.5% to 3.5%) by a factor of 0.56 (95% CI = 0.17, 1.02). The largest smoking reductions in both countries were in young adults, who also reported the highest vaping rates. There was a more rapid decline in smoking in the lower socioeconomic groups and Indigenous people in New Zealand than in Australia. Youth smoking rates declined in both countries to very low levels. Youth vaping rates in New Zealand were higher but have started to decline since regulations were introduced.ConclusionsIf the association is causal, New Zealand's less restrictive approach to vaping (compared with Australia's more restrictive approach) may have contributed to a more rapid decline in adult smoking, and reduced social inequalities and Indigenous smoking, but at the possible expense of increased youth vaping.
Helicobacter pylori Infection in Colombia: Phylogeny, Resistome, and Virulome
Authors: Muñoz Angela B. , Stepanian Johanna , Solano‐Gutierrez Juan S. , Vale Filipa F. , Trespalacios‐Rangel Alba A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHelicobacter pylori is a successful etiologic gastric agent that reaches a prevalence around 80% in Colombia. This bacterium is extremely diverse and has shown a phylogeographic pattern. The objective of this study was to perform an analysis of genomic epidemiology of H. pylori in Colombia. We enriched our set of 29 newly sequenced Colombian H. pylori genomes with additional data from public databases, reaching a total of 221 genomes in our dataset. Phylogenetic characterization was carried out using MLST and whole genome SNP analysis. We also performed a characterized the diversity of virulence factors and mutations associated with antimicrobial resistance. Phylogenetic analyzes showed two new Colombian H. pylori clades. Furthermore, many virulence genotype combinations were found, mutations associated with resistance were found for all the studied antibiotics, highlighting 14.4% of the genomes presented profiles associated with resistance to more than one family of antibiotics. Our analyzes described the genomics of Colombian H. pylori and verify the presence of a population group formed exclusively by Colombian isolates. We demonstrated the great diversity among the isolates and that the analysis by comparative genomics of H. pylori are valuable tools to assess the diversity, virulence, and resistance of H. pylori.
Technical changes in the glaze composition of tin‐glazed sculptures by Benedetto Buglioni c. 1490–1510
Authors: Sarnecka Zuzanna , Mazzocchi Chiara , Chwalik Arleta , Musialik Elżbieta , Pisulińska Małgorzata , Świetlicka Ewa Katarzyna , Tarasiuk Jerzy , Wachowiak Mirosław , Bonizzoni Letizia 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDuring the 15th and into the mid‐16th centuries, tin‐glazed terracotta sculptures were celebrated for their luminous colours, perceived durability, and technical ingenuity of the novel medium. Although in high demand, the supply of these pieces was restricted because of the secrecy of the recipes used by the pioneers of the technique on the Italian peninsula, namely the Della Robbia family. As the Della Robbia workshop procedures did not come down to us in a written form, art historical scholarship has focused on retrieving the original recipes through scientific analyses of surviving pieces. Building on those investigations, this article addresses the technique of another master of tin‐glazed terracotta sculpture, namely Benedetto Buglioni (1459/1460–1521). Buglioni likely experienced the Della Robbia production first hand as he trained in Andrea della Robbia's (1435–1525) workshop. He began his independent sculptural activity in the 1480s. For the present study, two of his figures, now in Polish collections, dated to the most prolific period of his artistic career, have been examined using X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF). The interpretation of the results is informed by previous examinations of the Della Robbia glazes, as well as by contemporary written sources, including an early 16th‐century recipe book from Montelupo, Tuscany. The present study reconsiders the understanding of the Buglioni glazes as merely derivative and inferior to the surfaces of the Della Robbia sculptures. The physical examination of Benedetto Buglioni's works reveals a high degree of experimentation in his approach to the medium of tin‐glazed terracotta.
Heller Myotomy and Dor Fundoplication in a Patient With History of One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass
Authors: Daryabari Seyed Nooredin , Jazaeri Seyed Ali , Yarigholi Fahime 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionAchalasia is a rare esophageal smooth muscle disorder. There is a global increase in the prevalence of obesity, so the coincidence of obesity and rare conditions like achalasia will more occur.Materials and Surgical TechniqueHere we present the Heller myotomy and Dor fundoplication using gastric remnant in patient with history of one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB).DiscussionHeller myotomy and Dor fundoplication using gastric remnant is feasible with good results in patient with achalasia and history of OAGB.
Ursodeoxycholic Acid Alleviates Palmitic Acid–Induced Apoptosis in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells
Authors: Habib Md. Rezwanul , Tokutake Yukako , Yonekura Shinichi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigated the protective effects of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) against PA‐induced apoptosis in the MAC‐T bovine mammary epithelial cell (bMEC) line by assessing the level of cell viability, oxidative stress indicators, and expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers. MAC‐T cells were pretreated with UDCA at 25, 50, and 100 μM before exposure to PA at 300 μM. UDCA was noncytotoxic at these concentrations and significantly improved cell viability, which was reduced by PA. UDCA pretreatment notably decreased PA‐induced expression of GRP78, XBP1s, ATF4, and CHOP mRNA, indicating reduced ER stress. Moreover, UDCA substantially lowered PA‐induced reactive oxygen species production and dichlorofluorescein fluorescence intensities. Although PA treatment elevated GSSG levels and disrupted redox balance by decreasing both the total GSH/GSSG and reduced GSH/GSSG ratios, UDCA effectively counteracted these effects. Specifically, UDCA reduced PA‐induced GSSG levels and restored redox balance by increasing both total and reduced GSH/GSSG ratios. These findings suggest that UDCA mitigates PA‐induced apoptosis in MAC‐T cells by enhancing redox homeostasis. Therefore, incorporating UDCA into dairy cow feed could help reduce PA‐induced cellular stress and improve milk production during periods of negative energy balance.
Anticancer (cytotoxic, anticlonogenic, antimetastatic, immunomodulatory actions) properties of 3,5‐dibromosalicylaldehyde against glioblastoma cells and DFT analyses (FT‐IR, Raman, NMR, UV) as well as a molecular docking study
Authors: Karakaş Sarıkaya Ebru , Pehlivanoğlu Suray , Türkmen Merve Özcan , Ekincioğlu Yavuz , Kostak Feyza , Çelik Sultan , Dereli Ömer 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground InformationThe primary objectives of this study were to characterize 3,5‐dibromosalicylaldehyde (3,5‐DBSA) and, investigate its antiproliferative, antimetastatic, cytotoxic, and immunoregulatory properties. NMR, Raman, UV, and FT‐IR spectroscopies were used to characterize 3,5‐DBSA. Potential conformations of 3,5‐DBSA were evaluated using Spartan's MMFF method. Geometry optimization calculations using Gaussian software calculated conformation energy values.ResultsSubsequently, Raman, FT‐IR, UV (ethanol) and NMR (DMSO) parameters were calculated. The experimental spectrum was compared to theoretical spectroscopic data. The present investigation investigated 3,5‐DBSA's anticancer properties; therefore, docking was done once the stable structure had been identified.ConclusionIdentifying stable structure is crucial to molecular docking studies. In order to identify the mechanism by which 3,5‐DBSA binds to PI3K as a therapeutic target, molecular docking was utilized. This work is the first to show that 3,5‐DBSA is cytotoxic, anticlonogenic, antimetastatic, and immunomodulatory in glioblastoma cell line U87MG compared to healthy fibroblast L929 cells. Cytotoxicity and anti‐clonogenicity studies investigated 3,5‐DBSA's antiproliferative activities, whereas wound healing assays assessed cell migration. The immunomodulatory effects of 3,5‐DBSA in glioblastoma were assessed by measuring Netrin‐1 and IL‐6 protein levels. According to our findings, 3,5‐DBSA may treat glioblastoma.SignificanceThis work analyzes 3,5‐DBSA's conformational search, characterization, molecular docking, and structural and anticancer properties.
Genetic Study and Prenatal Diagnosis of Inherited Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Disorders due to Novel Variants in Phosphatidylinositol Glycan Genes
Authors: Zhao Zi‐Xi , Zhou Jing‐Lin , Wang Qi , Peng Songmin , Peng Yao , Wang Yu‐Rong , Hu Liang , Aiyitahong Rejima , Peng Lin , Gu Feng , Lu Guang‐Xiu , Lin Ge , Chen Song , Tan Yue‐Qiu , Du Juan , He Wen‐Bin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTInherited glycosylphosphatidylinositol deficiency disorders (IGDs) are a group of rare recessive genetic conditions characterised by developmental delays and an early onset epilepsy caused by disruptions in the glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐anchored biosynthetic pathway. In this study, we identified eight variants in phosphatidyl inositol glycan (PIG) genes from four IGDs families through whole‐exome sequencing (WES). The variants included one in PIGA, two in PIGW and five in PIGN, with five being novel variants. Functional analysis confirmed the pathogenicity of the PIGN (c.1117‐12C>G) and PIGW (c.1112delT and c.659T>G) variants. According to ACMG/AMP guidelines, four novel variants were classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic. Families I and III successfully delivered healthy children after prenatal diagnosis. This study identified the pathogenic causes of four IGD pedigrees, expanded the mutation spectrum of PIG genes and provided a theoretical basis for reproductive interventions in such families.
The non‐linear impact of corruption investigations on political trust
Authors: Li Yanjun , Umer Hamza 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTrust in political institutions and their officials is crucial for implementing policies, enacting reforms, and facilitating collective action. This paper examines how corruption investigations influence trust in local cadres. Using data from China's anti‐corruption campaign, which increased corruption case disclosures, we find positive signals about checks and balances outweigh negative ones only when corruption cases are few. However, as investigations increase, trust diminishes due to heightened perceptions of corruption and lower evaluations of local governments, especially among those who lacked prior beliefs about local corruption levels before the campaign.
Carbon Emission Trading System and Corporate Tax Avoidance
Authors: Chen Wanyi , Meng Fanli , Wang Ying 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTResearch Question/IssueThe existence of tax spillover effects from environmental policies has been a subject of ongoing debate. While companies may face cost pressures that drive them to engage in increased tax avoidance, they may also suppress tax avoidance due to considering social responsibility. This study explores the impact of the carbon emission trading system (ETS) on corporate tax avoidance behavior.Research Findings/InsightsWe find that tax avoidance activities are suppressed after companies participate in ETS. ETS curbs corporate tax avoidance by enhancing corporate social responsibility and strengthening regulatory deterrence. This effect is more pronounced in firms located in more economically developed regions, those with stronger tax enforcement, and companies undergoing digital transformation.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsThis study enriches research on the economic consequences of ETS and the factors influencing corporate tax avoidance, expanding the relationship between tax policies and environmental governance.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsThis study provides government implications in further improving ETS policies to enhance positive spillover effects on taxation and to refine corporate carbon disclosure systems. It also provides guidance for companies to promote tax sustainability by actively participating in ETS and leveraging digital transformation strategies.JEL ClassificationG10, G23, G30