bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LINKING ULTRASOUND ASSESSMENT OF RENAL ARTERIES TO THE BIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF INFLAMMATION AND COAGULATION AT HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS WITH OR WITHOUT DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Adrian Gavrila , Mehedintu Anca 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
The objective of the study was to estimate how the ultrasound parameters of the renal arteries correlate with the proinflammatory and prothrombotic imbalances at hypertensive patients (pts) with or without diabetes mellitus (DM).

Design and method:
40 hypertensive pts (mean age = 58.5 ± 9.6 years, 52.5% males) – group 1 and 40 hypertensive pts with DM, matched for age and sex (mean age = 60.4 ± 10.3 years, 55% males) – group 2.
Vascular ultrasound parameters performed in renal arteries were: peak systolic velocity (PSV), resistance index (RI), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), systolic acceleration time (SAT), renal versus aortic systolic velocity ratio (RAR). The inflammatory profile was estimated by serum measurement of C reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen (F). The prothrombotic profile was determinated by serum measurement of von Willebrand factor (vWf), antithrombin III (AT III), and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1).

Results:
In group 1, a higher RI was significantly associated with a higher level of CRP (0.81 ± 0.09 vs 0.52 ± 0.12, p = 0.02). In group 2, a higher level of CRP was significantly more frequent at pts with greater RI (0.83 ± 0.08 vs 0.54 ± 0.11, p = 0.01) and with higher RAR (3.6 ± 0.3 vs 2.2 ± 0.2, p = 0.03). In the same group, pts with greater level of vWf have longer SAT in a significantly higher proportion (76 ± 8 ms vs 40 ± 4 ms, p = 0.02), and a greater proportion of PAI-1 is significantly associated with higher RAR (3.7 ± 0.2 vs 2.1 ± 0.1, p = 0.04).

Conclusions:
Higher RI in renal arteries seems to reflect a proinflammatory status at hypertensive pts, especially with DM. Moreover, greater RAR and longer SAT at hypertensive pts with DM appear to express both proinflammatory status and prothrombotic imbalance.
ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION PROFILE IN PATIENTS WITH KIDNEY DISEASES
Authors: Ramdani Sara , Haddiya Intissar 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
Arterial hypertension is a global public health worldwide. It is a risk factor for cardiovascular events which represent major cause of morbidity and mortality as it contributes to the development and progression of kidney diseases.
The aim of the study was to investigate the profile of arterial hypertension in patients with kidney diseases.

Design and method:
It is a prospective study that entails young hypertensive patients aged between 18 and 65 years old in the course of six months from 1st January 2022 to June 30th 2022 within the nephrology department in which we assessed an array of parameters.

Results:
Hypertension prevalence represented 75% (81 patients) among 107 hospitalized patients with a male predominance of 59%, a sex ratio of 1.45 and was widespread among patients aged from 55-65 years old. The mean age of our patients was 48.98±14.066 years.
History of hypertension was observed in 85,2% followed by diabetes in 40,7%. 14,8% among hypertensives were newly detected. The main cardiovascular risk factors were diabetes (65%), obesity (15%) and sedentary lifestyle (11%). Systolo-diastolic hypertension was present in 57% whereas grade 2 hypertension affected 30% of patients aged from 18 to 34 years old.
Our patients presented left ventricular hypertrophy in 19,61% of the cases while 80% manifested renal failure which was chronic in 50% of the patients.
58% of the patients were on monotherapy, followed by dual (35%) and triple therapy (7%).
The most prescribed treatment was either calcium channel blockers in monotherapy or combined with angiotensin receptor blockers/angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors inhibitor in dual therapy or with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors + diuretic/beta-blocker in triple therapy. Control rate was 54.3%, majorly, observed among women and patients who belong to the 55- 65 years old age category.

Conclusions:
In order to reduce the hypertension prevalence and prevent the occurrence of its renal complications. The application of an intensive management of hypertension as well as the cardiovascular risk factors should be integrated into primary care systems. Beside treatment, lifestyle modifications should be implemented in the first line as they exert blood pressure lowering effects additionally to therapeutic treatment.
ASSESSMENT OF THE PREVALENCE OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN YOUNG NON-ORGANISED POPULATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Mukhtarkhanova Dilayra , Junusbekova Gulnara , Tundybayeva Meiramgul , Baglanova Lyazat , Samitova Sabina , Chigis Medet , Torzhan Ulbolsyn 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
Arterial hypertension is defined as increasing of office systolic blood pressure higher 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure higher 90 mmHg. Prevalence of hypertension is high and continue to increase, especially in young population. The purpose of the study is to assess the prevalence of arterial hypertension in young non-organized population of Republic of Kazakhstan.

Design and method:
Prospective cross-sectional studies were conducted in 2021 in Kazakhstan, included 1110 young adults of both sexes (670 women (60%) and 440 men (40%)) of mean age - 31±8 years (95% CI 31-32). Special survey, including cardiovascular risk factors assessment, blood pressure and heart rate measurement were performed. Statistical test was performed by the StatTech, Russia

Results:
349 (31%) had never their blood pressure measured before. 255 respondents were identified with pre-existing and newly diagnosed arterial hypertension during screening (23%), of which 103 people at the time of the study knew about their diagnosis (40%). The newly diagnosed arterial hypertension was identified in 14%.

Conclusions:
According to the screening the prevalence of arterial hypertension – 23% in young non-organized population of Kazakhstan. It is clear that majority of respondents did not know the high levels of blood pressure before. This fact emphasizes the necessity of screening and annual assessment of hypertension prevalence, especially in young population.
INCREASED BURDEN OF PATIENTS WITH HYPERURICEMIA IN THE ERA OF NEW RISK SCALE SCORE-2 IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Ilyanova Irina , Rotar Oxana , Boiarinova Maria , Moguchaia Ekaterina , Kolesova Ekaterina , Vasilieva Elena , Usoltsev Dmitrii , Artomov Mykyta , Konradi Alexandra 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
Hyperuricemia is an independent, modifiable risk factor for the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. According to recent expert consensus (Borghi C., 2021), a target uric acid (UA) level that should be achieved with urate-lowering therapy was defined based on the cardiovascular risk: <360 μmol/L in case of low and moderate risk and <300 μmol/L in case of high and very high risk.
We aimed to assess the prevalence of elevated uric acid levels for different cardiovascular risk groups and scales in the Russian population-based sample.

Design and method:
A random population sample of 4,800 participants from three regions (age 25-64 years) was examined as a part of the Russian epidemiologic study ESSE-RF. All patients signed informed consent and completed a questionnaire about behavioral risk factors, comorbidities and therapy, standard anthropometry, laboratory examination (creatinine, glucose, lipids, uric acid), anthropometry. Blood pressure (BP) was measured on the right arm in the sitting position after 5-minute rest by automatic tonometer OMRON (Japan). SCORE (European guidelines on dyslipidemia 2019) and SCORE2 (European guidelines on cardiovascular prevention 2021) were used to assess cardiovascular risk. Participants under 40 years of age were excluded from the analysis (n=1551). Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23.

Results:
A total of 3216 individuals with complete data were included in the analysis - 1175 (36,5%) males and 2041 (63,5%) females (Table 1).

Conclusions:
Implementation of a new risk approach - SCORE-2 results in a 3-fold increase in a number of patients with high and very high risk. As a result, population prevalence of elevated uric acid level raises by 32%. Prescription of urate-lowering therapy as a risk-decreasing strategy to 44,4% of population might lead to polypharmacy and needs more evidence (Agreement No. 075-15-2022-301).
CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS AS A MEDIATOR OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LIPOPROTEIN(A) AND ISCHEMIC STROKE
Authors: Chien Kuo -LIONG , Hsu Hsin -Yin , Fan Hsien -Yu , Hwang Lee -Ching , Lin Hung -Ju , Su Ta -Chen , Hsu Hsiung -Ching 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
Lipoprotein(a) is a known risk factor for ischemic stroke, driven by its hereditary nature. Understanding potential mediators in the association between lipoprotein(a) and ischemic stroke is crucial for improved monitoring and prevention, yet mediation analysis in this context is limited. This study aims to explore the cardiovascular pathophysiological changes that mediate the link between lipoprotein(a) and ischemic stroke risk.

Design and method:
This study utilizes data from the Chin-Shan Community Cardiovascular Cohort in Taiwan, a community-based cohort initiated in 1990-1991, which enrolled participants aged 35 years and older and followed them until 2005. Participants with established ischemic stroke and those lacking lipoprotein(a) or carotid sonography data were excluded. Lipoprotein(a) levels greater than the 90th percentile were categorized as higher lipoprotein(a), while levels below this threshold were classified as normal lipoprotein(a). The study employed inverse propensity score-weighted Cox regression to investigate the association between lipoprotein(a) and ischemic stroke, considering carotid atherosclerosis (defined by the presence of carotid artery plaque or intima thickness >= 1mm) and left ventricular hypertrophy (defined by an increased left ventricular mass index) as potential mediators. Causal mediation analysis divided the total effects into direct and indirect components.

Results:
A total of 2572 participants (average age, 53.8 years; women, 54.6%) were enrolled. In the higher lipoprotein(a) group, participants were more likely to be women and had elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein and hypertension when compared to the normal lipoprotein(a) group. After a 49,958 person-year follow-up, 167 events of ischemic stroke were documented. Compared with the normal lipoprotein(a) group, the higher lipoprotein(a) group had a higher risk of ischemic stroke (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.60, 95% confidence interval: 1.30-1.95). Carotid atherosclerosis was a significant mediator, accounting for 6.8% (p=0.049) of the relationship between lipoprotein(a) and ischemic stroke.

Conclusions:
Carotid atherosclerosis was a significant mediator, accounting for 6.8% of the relationship between lipoprotein(a) and ischemic stroke. Monitoring carotid atherosclerosis is a potential preventive strategy to disrupt the association between high lipoprotein(a) and ischemic stroke. Further, a two-step Mendelian randomization analysis is warranted for confirming a causal relationship in this mediation model.
HYPERTENSION - ARE WE DIAGNOSING AND TREATING IT? - ANALYSIS OF A CAMPAIGN DAY
Authors: Cestario Elizabeth Do Esp , Garcia Beatriz Ferreira , Measso Camila Hares , Dolci Carlos Eduardo Martinez , Oliveira Gabrielle E. S. , Viana Giovana Pretto , Da Silva Isac , Morandin Vitória Lio , Telini Wagner Moneda 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
This study aimed to assess knowledge and control of hypertension in a random sample during a one-day campaign.

Design and method:
This study was an observational, cross-sectional, descriptive, population-based study with a random sample and information collected on a campaign day in a city northwest of São Paulo, with 315 participants, 177 women and 138 men. Variables analyzed:
Three blood pressure measurements (systolic, diastolic, and mean), heart rate, pulse pressure, and their respective means; Previous diagnosis of SAH and use of antihypertensive medication.

Results:
Average age: Men=53.99 +/- 15.57 Women= 53.93 +/- 16.08(NS). We used the mean comparison test for independent, non-parametric variables to compare the means of the variables between the male and female sexes. Using the T-test, in the analysis of systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the group that reported not using antihypertensive drugs, men had higher blood pressure levels (SBP men= 135.28 mmHg +/- 17.52 and SBP women= 124.20 +/- 24.82, with P=0.001). In the group that reported using 1 or 2 antihypertensive drugs, both men and women had higher SBP (138.17 mmHg +/- 20.17), with men tending to have higher SBP than women (P=0.02). In the group that used three or more antihypertensive drugs, there was no statistical difference in SBP levels. Both had more controlled SBP (134.34 mmHg +/- 15.64), with no statistical difference between the groups (P=0.71). In the analysis of mean arterial pressure, the group treated with three or more drugs had a significantly lower MAP (MAP 1 or 2 drugs 98.62 mmHg +/- 14.50 and MAP 3 or + drugs 94.90 mmHg +/- 11.06).

Conclusions:
Despite the small sample size, in this study, we can see the presence of undiagnosed and untreated hypertension. In treated hypertensive patients, poor control of blood pressure levels, especially in individuals taking only 1 or 2 drugs, highlights the need for health policies aimed at primary care, reinforcing early diagnosis and effective treatment, and bringing patients as quickly as possible within the recommended targets.
SEX DIFFERENCES IN HYPERTENSION PREVALENCE, TREATMENT AND CONTROL IN OLDER PEOPLE IN GERMANY: RESULTS OF THE NATINAL EXAMINATION SURVEY GESUNDHEIT 65+
Authors: Büschges Julia Charlotte , Sarganas Giselle , Gaertner Beate , Perlitz Hanna , Fuchs Judith , Neuhauser Hannelore 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
As hypertension is closely linked to cardiovascular events, blood pressure (BP) levels and management in populations are a vital public health concern. A gender gap with higher awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in women, especially in younger women, has been repeatedly reported. We analyze recent national BP data of the Gesundheit 65+ study in older and very old men and women in Germany 2022-2023.

Design and method:
Nationally representative examination survey of the population aged 65 years and older residing in Germany. We analysed self-reported hypertension diagnoses, the mean of the second and third standardized oscillometric BP measurements (Mobil-O-Graph) with one of five cuffs according to upper arm circumference and Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical- (ATC) coded medication in the past 7 days. Hypertension was defined as mean systolic BP (SBP) at or above 140 mm Hg, or mean diastolic BP (DBP) at or above 90 mm Hg, or use of antihypertensives (ATC-codes C02 antihypertensives, C03 diuretics, C07 beta-blockers, C08 calcium-channel blockers or C09 ACEI and ARB) in participants with self-reported hypertension diagnosis. Awareness was defined as self-reported BP diagnosis in those with hypertension according to study definition. Provisional population weights were used.

Results:
BP was measured and hypertension status defined in 743 men and 686 women aged 65 to 100 years. The prevalence of hypertension according to our study definition was 58.3% [95% CI 53.2-63.3] in men and 59.5% [53.8-64.9] in women. There were no sex differences in awareness among hypertensives (men 81.7%, women 81.2%), nor in treatment among aware hypertensives (97.5% in men and women). However, control among treated hypertensives differed considerably: while 75.7% [69.2; -81.2] of men with treated hypertension had BP at or below 140/90, control among treated in women was only at 61.4% [54.2-; 68.1].

Conclusions:
Our 2022-2023 national blood pressure data of people aged 65 years and older in Germany suggest a new gender gap with less hypertension control in older women compared to older men which was not yet apparent a decade ago and stands in contrast to findings in younger adults across many studies.
COMPARISON OF COMPONENTS OF CENTRAL AORTIC AND PERIPHERAL BLOOD PRESSURE FOR PREDICTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS IN A 2-YEAR AND 14-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF A HYPERTENSIVE COHORT
Authors: Zuo Junli , Chang Guili , Hu Yueliang , Chu Shaoli , Avolio Alberto 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
The aim of this study was to assess components of central aortic pressure, brachial blood pressure and indices of arterial stiffness for prediction of cardiovascular events in a hypertensive cohort.

Design and method:
Noninvasive measurements of central aortic blood pressure (SphygmoCor), brachial pressure, central augmentation index (cAIx), augmented pressure (cAP) and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) were obtained in 681 hypertensive patients (age 61 ± 9 years, 425 males). The primary endpoints were defined as cardiovascular disease (CVD) events or death from CVD. An initial analysis was conducted at mean 2-year follow-up and a second analysis is currently being conducted at mean 14-year follow-up.

Results:
Total events were 59 (8.7%) for the 2-year follow-up and 265 (38.9%) for the 14-year follow-up. Major cardiovascular events were 49 (83.1%) and 178 (67.2%) respectively. The analysis of the 2-year follow-up suggested that central systolic (cSBP) and pulse pressure (cPP) showed higher hazard ratios (HR/10 mmHg) for cardiovascular events compared to peripheral pressure indices (pSBP, pPP) at age >60 years (cSBP: HR = 1.18, pSBP: HR = 1.17, p = 0.034; cPP: HR = 1.28, pPP: HR = 1.2, p = 0.019). Each SD increase in IMT and in cAP was associated with 1.4 times higher risk of increased total events in elderly patients (age >60 years). Males showed that each SD increase in cAP was associated with significantly higher risk of increased total events than females. The complete data for the 14-year follow-up analysis has only recently become available and the analysis will be completed for the conference presentation.

Conclusions:
Preliminary analysis in a short-term (2-year) follow-up study of a large hypertensive cohort has shown that central aortic pressure and its components can improve prediction of CVD compared to peripheral pressure. The final analysis of the long-term (14-year) follow-up will determine which components are robust predictors and will provide important information on the clinical and epidemiological relevance of central aortic pressure.
POOR MENTAL HEALTH AND ADVERSE PSYCHOSOCIAL EXPERIENCES AND PERCEPTIONS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH HYPERTENSION IN CAPE TOWN
Authors: Peer Nasheeta , Mashiane Tshephang , Hill Jillian , Kengne Andre -Pascal 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
To determine any differences in mental health (depression and anxiety traits) and poor psychosocial well-being by hypertension status, in adults at high-risk for diabetes.

Design and method:
In a population-based cross-sectional study, socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviours (cigarette smoking, alcohol misuse, physical inactivity), and mental health and psychosocial information were collected via administered questionnaires. Depression and anxiety traits were investigated using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) screening questions. Blood pressures (BP) were measured, and hypertension defined as systolic BP >=140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP >=90 mmHg, self-reported hypertension diagnosis or on antihypertension medication. Multivariable logistic regressions determined the associations with hypertension; the basic model comprised socio-demographic and lifestyle behaviours. Mental health and psychosocial variables were entered individually in separate models.

Results:
Among 678 participants, median age among those with (n=384) and without (n=290) hypertension was 54 vs. 49 years (p<0.001). Prevalence of depression scores >=10 (17.4% vs. 10.0%, p=0.004) and anxiety scores >=10 (11.7% vs. 8.2%, p=0.392) were higher in participants with than without hypertension but were only significant for depression. In the basic regression model, only increasing age was significantly associated with hypertension. Participants with depression score >=10 vs. <=4 were twice as likely to have hypertension (OR: 2.07, 95%CI: 1.23-3.46, p=0.006). Increasing anxiety scores were related to hypertension (OR: 1.05, 95%CI: 1.01-2.64, p=0.034). Poor psychosocial well-being, defined as 1) decreasing social support (OR: 1.03, 95%CI: 1.01-1.06, p=0.039), 2) physical health or emotional problems interfering with social activities all/most of the time (OR: 2.07, 95%CI: 1.02-4.17, p=0.043), 3) perception of worsening health (OR: 1.06, 95%CI: 1.02-1.11, p=0.002), and 4) a serious ongoing health problem (OR: 1.52, 95%CI: 1.01-2.30, p=0.048), was associated with hypertension in separate models. Quality of life and increasing number of adverse life events experienced were not significantly associated with hypertension.

Conclusions:
The high burden and associations of depression and anxiety traits, and poor psychosocial well-being with hypertension suggest a need for strategies to mitigate the effects of these conditions on hypertension.
REGIONAL VARIATION OF AGE-RELATED BLOOD PRESSURE TRAJECTORIES AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH BLOOD PRESSURE CONTROL RATES, DISABILITY-ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS AND DEATH
Authors: Nolde Janis , Beaney Thomas , Carnagarin Revathy , Stergiou George , Poulter Neil , Schutte Aletta , Schlaich Markus 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
Age-related BP trajectories may vary substantially across different populations and associated with differential CV risk and outcomes. The dataset of the May Measurement Month (MMM) campaigns enables a investigation of regional, socio-economic and sex differences in age-BP trajectories and their association with major public-health outcomes.

Design and method:
Global BP data from more than 4,5 million adult screenees obtained during the cross-sectional MMM campaigns in 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2021 were analysed. Average BP and slopes of BP changes across age groups were calculated within regional, socio-economic and sex strata. BP slopes of individuals between 30 and 70 years of age were derived from adjusted linear regression models, along with baseline BP estimates at young age. These BP slopes were correlated in regression models adjusted for baseline BP at young age with country-specific all-cause rates of DALYs (Disability-Adjusted Life Years), death (both from Global Burden of Disease Study 2019), life expectancy (World Bank data SP.DYN.LE00.IN 2019) and BP control rates (NCD Risk Factor Collaboration).

Results:
Age-related BP changes differed distinctly across global geographic regions, income levels, and between sexes. The steepest increase in BP with age was observed in populations from Africa and Europe, whereas a more gradual rise in BP with increasing age was seen in South-East Asian populations. Women had lower BP levels than men at younger ages (twenties and thirties), but subsequently experienced a more pronounced age-related BP increase resulting in diminishing sex differences across older age groups. Geographically divergent age-related BP trajectories were significantly associated with major national public health indicators. Globally, the steeper the age-related BP slope, the stronger the association with poor BP control (coef = -0.46 [95% CI: -0.74; -0.19], p=0.001), increased DALY's (coef = 66155.68 [95% CI: 44847.0; 87464.36], p<0.001) and death rates. (coef = 1017.3 [95% CI: 351.72; 1682.89], p=0.003).

Conclusions:
Age-related BP trajectories vary considerably across global populations and contribute considerably to the variability in BP-related risks and adverse outcomes across regions. Effective public health strategies may require region-specific targeting of lifestyle and other factors contributing to adverse BP trajectories to improve health outcomes.