bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First-principles simulations of high-order harmonics generation in thin films of wide bandgap materials [Invited]
Authors: Mathew Albert , Kruk Sergey , Yamada Shunsuke , Yabana Kazuhiro , Kheifets Anatoli 
Published: June 2024

High-order harmonics generation (HHG) is the only process that enables tabletop-sized sources of extreme ultraviolet (XUV) light. The HHG process typically involves light interactions with gases or plasma––material phases that hinder wider adoption of such sources. This motivates the research in HHG from nanostructured solids. Here, we employ the time-dependent density function theory (TDDFT) to investigate material platforms for HHG at the nanoscale using first-principles supercomputer simulations. We reveal that wide bandgap semiconductors, aluminum nitride (AlN) and silicon nitride (Si3N4), are highly promising for XUV light generation when compared to silicon, one of the most common nonlinear nanophotonic materials. In our calculations, we assume excitation with a 100 fs pulse duration, 1×1013W/cm2 peak power, and 800 nm central wavelength. We demonstrate that in AlN material the interplay between the crystal symmetry and the incident light direction and polarization can enable the generation of both even and odd harmonics. Our results should advance the development of high-harmonics generation of XUV light from nanostructured solids.
Glyoxalase 1: Emerging biomarker and therapeutic target in cervical cancer progression
Authors: Kim Ji-Young , Jung Ji-Hye , Jung Soryung , Lee Sanghyuk , Lee Hyang Ah , Ouh Yung-Taek , Hong Seok-Ho 
Published: June 2024

Introduction
Cervical cancer presents a significant global health challenge, disproportionately impacting underserved populations with limited access to healthcare. Early detection and effective management are vital in addressing this public health concern. This study focuses on Glyoxalase-1 (GLO1), an enzyme crucial for methylglyoxal detoxification, in the context of cervical cancer.

Methods
We assessed GLO1 expression in cervical cancer patient samples using immunohistochemistry. In vitro experiments using HeLa cells were conducted to evaluate the impact of GLO1 inhibition on cell viability and migration. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and gene set variation analysis were utilized to investigate the role of GLO1 in the metabolism of cervical cancer. Additionally, public microarray data were analyzed to determine GLO1 expression across various stages of cervical cancer.

Results
Our analysis included 58 cervical cancer patients, and showed that GLO1 is significantly upregulated in cervical cancer tissues compared to normal cervical tissues, independent of pathological findings and disease stage. In vitro experiments indicated that GLO1 inhibition by S-p-bromobenzylglutathione cyclopentyl diester decreased cell viability and migration in cervical cancer cell lines. Analyses of scRNA-seq data and public gene expression datasets corroborated the overexpression of GLO1 and its involvement in cancer metabolism, particularly glycolysis. An examination of expression data from precancerous lesions revealed a progressive increase in GLO1 expression from normal tissue to invasive cervical cancer.

Conclusions
This study highlights the critical role of GLO1 in the progression of cervical cancer, presenting it as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target. These findings contribute valuable insights towards personalized treatment approaches and augment the ongoing efforts to combat cervical cancer. Further research is necessary to comprehensively explore GLO1’s potential in clinical applications.
Impact of hospital internships on success in university summative objective structured clinical examinations: Large-scale experience in a French medical school
Authors: Carsuzaa Florent , Larid Guillaume , Martin Mickaël , Coudroy Rémi , Vallée Maxime , Paccalin Marc , Brunet Kévin , Jutant Etienne-Marie ,   for the Poitiers OSCEs group
Published: June 2024

Background
Objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) are extensively used in many medical schools worldwide with the stated objective to assess students’ clinical skills acquired during internships. The objective of the present study was to assess the factors associated with success in university summative OSCEs, especially the impact of previous hospital internships in corresponding disciplines and supervision during internships.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study assessing the results in the summative OSCEs of 4th year medical students during the 2021–2022 academic year in a French medical school. The summative OSCEs included five stations for each student. Each student answered a survey at the end of summative OSCEs about previous internships, the supervision they had and perceived difficulty levels for each station. The scores in each station were assessed according to previous hospital internships in the corresponding discipline. Analysis of predictive factors of success in OSCEs, defined by a score ≥ 10/20 at each station, were performed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.

Results
Out of the 220 students participating in the summative OSCEs, 182 (83%) answered the survey. One hundred and forty-four (79%) of these students had carried out hospital internships in at least one of the disciplines evaluated during the OSCEs. Students having completed an internship in the corresponding discipline had significantly higher OSCEs scores for interrogation, communication, therapeutic education and procedure stations compared to those who had not. Previous internship in corresponding disciplines was independently associated with success in OSCEs in interrogation (OR 9.45 [1.34–66.8] p = 0.02), clinical examination (OR 6.93 [1.88–25.57] p = 0.004, and therapeutic education (OR 3.09 [1.22–7.82] p = 0.02) stations.

Conclusion
Previous hospital internships in the discipline evaluated by the OSCEs are associated with success in summative OSCEs. This reinforces the importance of student involvement during their hospital internships.
The REPERFUSE study protocol: The effects of vasopressor therapy on renal perfusion in patients with septic shock—A mechanistically focused randomised control trial
Authors: McDonald Rory , Watchorn James , Mehta Reena , Ostermann Marlies , Hutchings Sam 
Published: June 2024

Introduction
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of septic shock and together these conditions carry a high mortality risk. In septic patients who develop severe AKI, renal cortical perfusion is deficient despite normal macrovascular organ blood flow. This intra-renal perfusion abnormality may be amenable to pharmacological manipulation, which may offer mechanistic insight into the pathophysiology of septic AKI. The aim of the current study is to investigate the effects of vasopressin and angiotensin II on renal microcirculatory perfusion in a cohort of patients with septic shock.

Methods and analysis
In this single centre, mechanistically focussed, randomised controlled study, 45 patients with septic shock will be randomly allocated to either of the study vasopressors (vasopressin or angiotensin II) or standard therapy (norepinephrine). Infusions will be titrated to maintain a mean arterial pressure (MAP) target set by the attending clinician. Renal microcirculatory assessment will be performed for the cortex and medulla using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and urinary oxygen tension (pO2), respectively. Renal macrovascular flow will be assessed via renal artery ultrasound. Measurement of systemic macrovascular flow will be performed through transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and microvascular flow via sublingual incident dark field (IDF) video microscopy. Measures will be taken at baseline, +1 and +24hrs following infusion of the study drug commencing. Blood and urine samples will also be collected at the measurement time points. Longitudinal data will be compared between groups and over time.

Discussion
Vasopressors are integral to the management of patients with septic shock. This study aims to further understanding of the relationship between this therapy, renal perfusion and the development of AKI. In addition, using CEUS and urinary pO2, we hope to build a more complete picture of renal perfusion in septic shock by interrogation of the constituent parts of the kidney. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at academic meetings.

Trial registration
The REPERFUSE study was registered on Clinical Trials.gov (NCT06234592) on the 30th Jan 24.
Insomnia symptoms and neurofunctional correlates among adults receiving buprenorphine for opioid use disorder
Authors: White Augustus M. , Eglovitch Michelle , Parlier-Ahmad Anna Beth , Dzierzewski Joseph M. , James Morgan , Bjork James M. , Moeller F. Gerard , Martin Caitlin E. 
Published: June 2024

Objectives
Insomnia symptoms are negatively related to opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment outcomes, possibly reflecting the influence of sleep on neurofunctional domains implicated in addiction. Moreover, the intersection between OUD recovery and sleep represents an area well-suited for the development of novel, personalized treatment strategies. This study assessed the prevalence of clinically significant insomnia symptoms and characterized its neurofunctional correlates among a clinical sample of adults with OUD receiving buprenorphine.

Methods
Adults (N = 129) receiving buprenorphine for OUD from an outpatient clinic participated in a cross-sectional survey. Participants completed an abbreviated version of NIDA’s Phenotyping Assessment Battery, which assessed 6 neurofunctional domains: sleep, negative emotionality, metacognition, interoception, cognition, and reward. Bivariate descriptive statistics compared those with evidence of clinically significant insomnia symptoms (Insomnia Severity Index [ISI] score of ≥11) to those with minimal evidence of clinically significant insomnia symptoms (ISI score of ≤10) across each of the neurofunctional domains.

Results
Roughly 60% of participants reported clinically significant insomnia symptoms (ISI score of ≥11). Experiencing clinically significant insomnia symptoms was associated with reporting greater levels of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, stress intolerance, unhelpful metacognition, and interoceptive awareness (ps<0.05). Participants with evidence of clinically significant insomnia were more likely to report that poor sleep was interfering with their OUD treatment and that improved sleep would assist with their treatment (ps<0.05).

Conclusions
Insomnia was prevalent among adults receiving buprenorphine for OUD. Insomnia was associated with neurofunctional performance, which may impact OUD treatment trajectories. Our findings indicate potential targets in the development of personalized treatment plans for patients with co-morbid insomnia and OUD. To inform the development of novel treatment strategies, more research is needed to understand the potential mechanistic links between sleep disturbances and substance use.
Perinatal deaths attributable to congenital heart defects in Hunan Province, China, 2016–2020
Authors: Zhou Xu , He Jian , Kuang Haiyan , Fang Junqun , Wang Hua 
Published: June 2024

Objective
To explore the association between demographic characteristics and perinatal deaths attributable to congenital heart defects (CHDs).

Methods
Data were obtained from the Birth Defects Surveillance System of Hunan Province, China, 2016–2020. The surveillance population included fetuses and infants from 28 weeks of gestation to 7 days after birth whose mothers delivered in the surveillance hospitals. Surveillance data included demographic characteristics such as sex, residence, maternal age, and other key information, and were used to calculate the prevalence of CHDs and perinatal mortality rates (PMR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Multivariable logistic regression analysis (method: Forward, Wald, α = 0.05) and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were used to identify factors associated with perinatal deaths attributable to CHDs.

Results
This study included 847755 fetuses, and 4161 CHDs were identified, with a prevalence of 0.49% (95%CI: 0.48–0.51). A total of 976 perinatal deaths attributable to CHDs were identified, including 16 (1.64%) early neonatal deaths and 960 (98.36%) stillbirths, with a PMR of 23.46% (95%CI: 21.98–24.93). In stepwise logistic regression analysis, perinatal deaths attributable to CHDs were more common in rural areas than urban areas (OR = 2.21, 95%CI: 1.76–2.78), more common in maternal age <20 years (OR = 2.40, 95%CI: 1.05–5.47), 20–24 years (OR = 2.13, 95%CI: 1.46–3.11) than maternal age of 25–29 years, more common in 2 (OR = 1.60, 95%CI: 1.18–2.18) or 3 (OR = 1.43, 95%CI: 1.01–2.02) or 4 (OR = 1.84, 95%CI: 1.21–2.78) or > = 5 (OR = 2.02, 95%CI: 1.28–3.18) previous pregnancies than the first pregnancy, and more common in CHDs diagnosed in > = 37 gestional weeks (OR = 77.37, 95%CI: 41.37–144.67) or 33–36 gestional weeks (OR = 305.63, 95%CI: 172.61–541.15) or < = 32 gestional weeks (OR = 395.69, 95%CI: 233.23–671.33) than diagnosed in postnatal period (within 7 days), and less common in multiple births than singletons (OR = 0.48, 95%CI: 0.28–0.80).

Conclusions
Perinatal deaths were common in CHDs in Hunan in 2016–2020. Several demographic characteristics were associated with perinatal deaths attributable to CHDs, which may be summarized mainly as economic and medical conditions, severity of CHDs, and parental attitudes toward CHDs.
Automated detection of early signs of irreversible ischemic change on CTA source images in patients with large vessel occlusion
Authors: Mak Adrian , Matouk Charles C. , Avery Emily W. , Behland Jonas , Haider Stefan P. , Frey Dietmar , Madai Vince I. , Vajkoczy Peter , Griessenauer Christoph J. , Zand Ramin , Hendrix Philipp , Abedi Vida , Sanelli Pina C. , Falcone Guido J. , Petersen Nils , Sansing Lauren H. , Sheth Kevin N. , Payabvash Seyedmehdi , Malhotra Ajay 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
To create and validate an automated pipeline for detection of early signs of irreversible ischemic change from admission CTA in patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke.

Methods
We retrospectively included 368 patients for training and 143 for external validation. All patients had anterior circulation LVO stroke, endovascular therapy with successful reperfusion, and follow-up diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). We devised a pipeline to automatically segment Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) regions and extracted their relative Hounsfield unit (rHU) values. We determined the optimal rHU cut points for prediction of final infarction in each ASPECT region, performed 10-fold cross-validation in the training set, and measured the performance via external validation in patients from another institute. We compared the model with an expert neuroradiologist for prediction of final infarct volume and poor functional outcome.

Results
We achieved a mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.69±0.13, 0.69±0.09, 0.61±0.23, and 0.72±0.11 across all regions and folds in cross-validation. In the external validation cohort, we achieved a median [interquartile] AUC, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.71 [0.68–0.72], 0.70 [0.68–0.73], 0.55 [0.50–0.63], and 0.74 [0.73–0.77], respectively. The rHU-based ASPECTS showed significant correlation with DWI-based ASPECTS (rS = 0.39, p<0.001) and final infarct volume (rS = -0.36, p<0.001). The AUC for predicting poor functional outcome was 0.66 (95%CI: 0.57–0.75). The predictive capabilities of rHU-based ASPECTS were not significantly different from the neuroradiologist’s visual ASPECTS for either final infarct volume or functional outcome.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrates the feasibility of an automated pipeline and predictive model based on relative HU attenuation of ASPECTS regions on baseline CTA and its non-inferior performance in predicting final infarction on post-stroke DWI compared to an expert human reader.
Mental health is just an Addendum: Assessing stakeholder’s perceptions on COVID-19 and mental health services provision in Malawi
Authors: Mchenga Martina , Ndasauka Yamikani , Kondowe Fiskani , Kainja Jimmy , M’manga Chilungamo , Maliwichi Limbika , Nyamali Simunye 
Published: June 2024

Introduction
The World Health Organization declared COVID-19 as a pandemic in March 2020. COVID-19 has since caused a significant increase in mental health problems at national and global levels. This study assessed the views of key mental health stakeholders regarding the state of mental health service provision in Malawi and the pandemic’s impact on the sector.

Methods
The study utilised a qualitative approach through key informant interviews (KIIs) conducted using a semi-structured interview guide. The interviews were audio recorded in English language and were manually transcribed for thematic analysis by generating codes re-classified into themes, sub-themes and quotes.

Results
The results are categorised into five themes. Firstly, the availability of mental health services. All experts confirmed the lack of availability of the mental health services especially at the lower levels of care. Currently, only 0.3% of facilities offer mental health services in Malawi. Moreover, although mental health services are part of the essential health care package and, therefore, are supposed to be provided for free in public facilities at all levels, the services are centralised and only functional at a tertiary level of care in public facilities. Secondly, funding sources for mental health in public and private facilities. We learnt that public facilities depend on donor sources and there is lack of prioritisation in budget allocation for mental health services. Whereas private facilities, their major source of funding is user fees. Thirdly, government’s response in the provision of mental health services during COVID-19. Almost all experts echoed that government took a proactive approach to address the mental health needs of its population during the pandemic. There was increased collaboration between the government and the private sector to provide psychosocial and counselling services to health workers working directly with COVID-19 patients in isolation centres. Furthermore, to increase awareness of the general population on where to seek counselling services. Lastly, challenges in the provision of mental health services were highlighted and how the pandemic acerbated the challenges including shortage in human resources for health and inadequate funding.

Conclusion
This study underscores the urgency of addressing mental health challenges in Malawi. Policymakers must prioritize the decentralization of mental health services, explore funding opportunities, and build on the successful collaboration with the private sector. These measures will not only enhance the accessibility and quality of mental health services but also ensure that mental well-being is a central component of public health efforts in Malawi.
Elecciones 2018, el factor pentecostal
Authors: Santana Galvão Thais 
Published: June 2024

En su libro, A religião distrai os pobres? O voto econômico de joelhos para a moral e os bons costumes, Víctor Araújo discurre sobre las tendencias de voto que alteraron el resultado de las elecciones presidenciales de Brasil en 2018, presentando lo que llamó «factor pentecostal». Entre sus argumentos principales, el autor demuestra, cruzando la información geográfica del electorado conservador y la localización de las iglesias pentecostales, que el público evangélico, especialmente el pentecostal, muestra una preferencia de voto alineada con las pautas morales defendidas por candidatos que muestran un sesgo más conservador. Se ve, entonces, la posibilidad de un diálogo con Pierucci al retomar la teoría de la «secularización» propuesta por Weber, bajo un nuevo aspecto, teniendo en cuenta el escenario brasileño, la presencia religiosa en las esferas públicas, el visible ascenso del pentecostalismo en el escenario nacional y el cambio de paradigma que estamos viviendo en las últimas décadas.
Slope Stability Analysis for Slope Geometry Evaluation Using RMR, SMR, and Morgenstern-Price Methods in Pits C2 and C4 of PT Menara Cipta Mulia Mayang Block Open Pit Tin Mine, East Belitung Regency, Bangka Belitung Islands
Authors: Salsabila Zulfa Nindya , Putranto Thomas Triadi , Najib Najib 
Published: June 2024

Tin mining activities using an open pit mining system can affect slope stability and increase landslide risk. Slope stability analysis needs to be done to minimize the occurrence of landslides. This study aimed to determine engineering geological settings, and rock mass conditions, find slope safety factor values, as well as provide slope geometry recommendations according to the minimum Safety Factor (SF) value criteria ≥1,25. The research area is an area with complex materials, so in this study slope stability analysis was carried out by combining rock mass classification methods through Rock Mass Rating (RMR) and Slope Mass Rating (SMR), and calculating the value of the Safety Factor (SF) using the Morgenstern-Price method with the Generalized Hoek-Brown and Mohr-Coulomb failure criteria. The analysis results obtained three geological engineering zones: meta sandstone- meta claystone, silty sandstone, and sandy claystone. The condition of the rock mass according to the RMR value, is in the moderate to good class. It has an SMR value of partially stable stability. Areas with the potential for landslides, namely STA 2 on sections B-B' with toppling type, STA 3 on sections C-C' and STA 4 on sections D-D' with wedge type. According to the SF value, there are two unstable slopes during partially saturated conditions: sections A-A' and B-B'. The recommended slope geometry is with a minimum width of 2/3 of the height, where in partially saturated conditions, the slope has a single angle of 35 - 400, 5 m high, with an overall slope angle of 320 and 16 m high. In dry conditions, a single slope angle of 550, 6 m high with all slope angles of 370 and 15 m high.
Guachisnay: anatomía de un presunto anglicismo
Authors: Lillo Antonio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
One of the ways that English loanwords can enter mainstream Spanish, perhaps the least common of them all, is via regional dialect. An Anglicism can be initially confined to dialect use and later make its way into the mainstream colloquial lexicon, thus technically becoming an internal loan. This may well be the case of the originally Andalusian word guachisnay, itself perhaps ultimately derived from English what’s your name? Drawing on a database of over one thousand citations taken from various sources, this article aims to examine the presumed etymon of the word and build up a full picture of the range of meanings it has in contemporary colloquial Spanish, both in Andalusia and elsewhere. It is concluded that the rich polysemy of the term is the result of its frequency of use and that, no matter what its true origin is, some of its spelling and pronunciation variants clearly show that speakers consider it to be an Anglicism.
Wie viel Translationstheorie braucht die Historiographie? Zu Hans Vermeers translationshistorischen Studien
Authors: Schreiber Michael 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Between 1992 and 2000, Hans Vermeer published some comprehensive monographs on the history of translation from the Antiquity to the Renaissance. In these publications, the historiography of translation theory and practice is based on functionalist translation theories, especially Vermeer’s skopos theory. In this paper, I will try to show how the theoretical framework of Vermeer’s analyses influences the evaluation of particular translations and translation theories. In three case studies from different periods, Vermeer’s approach will be compared to other approaches of translation analysis, especially philological and linguistic ones.