bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical macromolecular indoaniline indicators for vinyl‐SiH curing of silicones for dental application
Authors: Bardts Mareike , Ritter Helmut , Sohr Volker 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn this paper we present a poly siloxane containing covalently bound indoaniline dye, which decolorizes during reaction with a poly siloxane bearing vinyl and Si‐H groups in the presence of a Karstedt catalyst. Poly siloxane bearing indoaniline endgroups were prepared from (2‐allyl‐4‐(4‐(ethyl(2‐hydroxyethyl)amino)phenylimino)‐ 6‐methoxycyclohexa‐2,5‐dienone respectively 2‐allyl‐4‐(4‐(ethyl(2‐hydroxyethyl)amino)phenylimino)cyclohexa‐2,5‐ dienone) and Si‐H terminated poly siloxane. The structure was verified by IR‐, 1H‐NMR spectroscopy, and MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry. The obtained blue colored poly siloxane is suitable as dye indicator for crosslinking, for example, for a time‐controlled preparation of dental impressions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High incidence of hearing loss in long‐term survivors of multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Authors: Nanduri Vasanta , Tatevossian Ruth , Sirimanna Tony 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackgroundEar involvement in the acute phase of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is commonly seen and well documented, but the long‐term sequelae are less well described, particularly in relation to hearing loss.MethodsWe investigated 40 patients with biopsy‐proven multisystem LCH >5 years from the end of treatment, using detailed audiological assessment and CT/MRI imaging of the petrous temporal bones.ResultsThe incidence of ear involvement in the acute phase of disease was 70%. Fifteen of the 39 patients tested (38%) had residual permanent hearing loss at long‐term follow‐up.ConclusionsThe incidence of hearing loss is much higher than has previously been reported in LCH, and may reflect a referral bias of young (<2 years) and more complex patients to our tertiary centre. However, the hearing loss appears to be highly specific to this patient group when compared to other long‐term survivors of childhood cancers, probably due to the propensity of LCH to involve the ears. We therefore recommend audiology testing as an important part of long‐term follow‐up for patients with multisystem LCH. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:449–453. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Outcome of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia with induction failure treated by the Japan Association of Childhood Leukemia Study (JACLS) ALL F‐protocol
Authors: Suzuki Nobuhiro , Yumura‐Yagi Keiko , Yoshida Makoto , Hara Junichi , Nishimura Shinichiro , Kudoh Tooru , Tawa Akio , Usami Ikuya , Tanizawa Akihiko , Hori Hiroki , Ito Yasuhiko , Miyaji Ryosuke , Oda Megumi , Kato Koji , Hamamoto Kazuko , Osugi Yuko , Hashii Yoshiko , Nakahata Tatsutoshi , Horibe Keizo 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackgroundChildren with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who fail to achieve complete remission (CR) after induction therapy (induction failure: IF) have a poor prognosis; however, there have been few prospective studies in patients with IF.Patients and MethodsBetween April 1997 and March 2005, 27 of 1,237 leukemic patients (2.2%) failed to achieve CR after four‐ or five‐drug induction therapy. Twenty‐three of these patients entered the F‐protocol study, which mainly consisted of acute‐myeloid‐leukemia‐oriented chemotherapy followed by scheduled hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT).ResultsSeventeen (73.9%) of the 23 patients responded to re‐induction chemotherapy with CR. Of note, 15 (93.8%) of 16 patients with Philadelphia‐chromosome‐negative (non‐Ph+) ALL achieved CR; in contrast, only 2 (28.6%) of 7 Ph+ patients achieved CR. Fourteen (82.4%) of 17 patients remained in CR (CCR) until their scheduled HCT, 12 of the 14 with CCR underwent HCT as scheduled, and 6 patients remain in first CR after a median of 78 months (range, 49–107 months). The 5‐year overall survival (OS) rates of 16 patients with non‐Ph+ and 7 patients with Ph+ were 43.8 ± 12.4% and 14.3 ± 13.2%, respectively (P = 0.012). The 5‐year OS rate of the 17 patients who obtained CR by re‐induction therapy and the 6 who did not were 47.1 ± 12.1% and 0%, respectively (P < 0.001).ConclusionAcute‐myeloid‐leukemia‐oriented chemotherapy followed by scheduled HCT is a promising treatment strategy for non‐Ph+ ALL patients with IF. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010; 54:71–78. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enhancement of the properties of EPDM/NBR elastomers using nanoclay for seal applications
Authors: Ghassemieh Elaheh 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn this research, we have investigated the effects of addition of different percentages of nanoclay to the ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) and nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) on the characteristics of these rubbers as seal material. Properties such as tensile strength, modulus at different extensions, elongation at break, compressive set, hardness, and permeability and abrasion resistance are tested to assess the effect of addition of the nanoclay. Results indicate that addition of nanoclay at certain compositions could slightly reduce the strength of the rubber. However more stable modulus at different strains are provided, the hardness of the rubber is preserved and slightly enhanced, the permeability is reduced in both rubbers especially considerable decrease in EPDM is observed which is desirable in diminishing the effect of explosive decompression. At the same time the compression test shows that the nanoclay improves the performance of the rubbers under compression which is essential in seal application. The X‐ray diffraction tests clarify that the dispersion of the nanoclay in the NBR samples is of high quality. In the EPDM samples, the dispersion is in need of improvement. POLYM. COMPOS., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Polystyrene/CaCO3 composites with different CaCO3 radius and different nano‐CaCO3 content—structure and properties
Authors: Zha Linlin , Fang Zhengping 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe Archimedes' principle and physical theory are attempted to analysis the densification and structure of the polystyrene (PS) composites by melt compounding with CaCO3 having different particle size. The difference between the measured specific volume (ν) andthe theoretically calculated specific volume (νmix), Δν = ν−νmix, can reflect the densification of the composites. It is clearly demonstrated that the PS composites become more condensed with the reduction of the CaCO3 particle size. Especially, when the content for nano‐CaCO3 achieves 2 wt%, the Δν value of the composites reaches the least, which shows the best densification. Meanwhile, the glass transition temperature (Tg) reaches the maximum value of about 100°C by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), which indirectly reveals the composites microstructure more condensed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveal that 2 wt% nano‐CaCO3 uniformly disperses in PS composites. The CaCO3 selected in this experiment has certain toughening effect on PS. The impact and tensile strength increase with addition of nano‐CaCO3, but the elongation at break decreases. When nano‐CaCO3 content achieved 2 wt%, the impact and tensile strength present the maximum value of 1.63 KJ/m2 and 44.5 MPa, which is higher than the pure PS and the composites filled with the same content of micro‐CaCO3. POLYM. COMPOS., 31:1258–1264, 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Fetal sex assignment by first trimester ultrasound: a Tunisian experience
Authors: Chelli Dalenda , Methni Ahlem , Dimassi Kaouther , Boudaya Fethia , Sfar Ezzedine , Zouaoui Béchir , Chelli Hela , Chennoufi Mohamed Badis 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the feasibility and accuracy of fetal sex identification during the first trimester ultrasound exam.MethodsA prospective study was carried out on 312 fetuses at 11–14 weeks' gestation. The genital region was examined by transabdominal ultrasound. The angle of the genital tubercle to a horizontal line through the lumbosacral skin was measured. Fetal gender was assigned as male if this angle was > 30° and female when it was < 10°.ResultsSex assignment was feasible in 89.7% and accurate in 85.7% of fetuses. Accuracy was similar in males as in females (87.9% vs 83.3%; NS). However, accuracy increased significantly during the gestational age period in male (Chi‐square for trend P = 0.03) but not in female (P = 0.41) fetuses. Compared with singletons, presence of multiple fetuses (n = 12) did not influence feasibility or accuracy (89.2% vs 96% and 85.6% vs 86.4% respectively). In male fetuses, there was a significant increase in the angle of the genital tubercle with increasing crown‐rump length(CRL) (r = 0.667; p = 0.025), while in females the angle did not significantly change with increasing gestation.ConclusionSonographic first trimester sex assignment is highly feasible and accurate. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PP13 mRNA expression in the cellular component of maternal blood as a marker for preeclampsia
Authors: Shimizu Hanako , Sekizawa Akihiko , Purwosunu Yuditiya , Nakamura Masamitsu , Farina Antonio , Rizzo Nicola , Okai Takashi 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the PP13 expression in the cellular component of blood in both preeclamptic patients and asymptomatic pregnant women during the early second trimester.MethodsIn the case–control study, peripheral blood samples were obtained from pregnant women with preeclampsia (n = 24) and controls (n = 22). PP13 RNA expression was quantified in the cellular component of the blood by reverse transcription PCR assay. Next, as a cohort study of asymptomatic pregnant women at early gestation, cellular RNA from 41 cases who developed preeclampsia at later gestation and 123 cases of control were analysed, and the possibility of prediction of preeclampsia was assessed.ResultsIn symptomatic patients, PP13 level in preeclampsia was significantly lower than that in controls (p < 0.001). In the asymptomatic pregnant women, the PP13 level in preeclampsia was significantly lower than that in the controls (p = 0.008). A receiver‐operating characteristics (ROC) curve yielded a detection rate of 24 and 31% at a false positive rate of 5 and 10% respectively.ConclusionAn alteration in the cellular PP13 RNA expression would affect the placental pathophysiological change. The cellular PP13 expression level could therefore potentially be one of the key markers to predict the clinical onset of preeclampsia. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of a first‐trimester prediction model for pre‐eclampsia based on uterine arteries and maternal history in high‐risk pregnancies
Authors: Herraiz I. , Arbués J. , Camaño I. , Gómez‐Montes E. , Grañeras A. , Galindo A. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the value of a prediction model for pre‐eclampsia (PE) in the first trimester (Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2007;30:742–794) for the prediction of late (>34 weeks) and early (≤34 weeks) PE in a high‐risk population.MethodsLongitudinal study performed in 152 high‐risk pregnancies with at least one high‐risk condition: previous PE, hypertension, pregestational diabetes, renal disease, obesity, hyperlipidemia, autoimmune disorders, thrombophilia or recurrent pregnancy loss. Mean uterine artery pulsatility index at 11 to 13 + 6 weeks and a series of maternal variables were combined in order to obtain the estimated ‘a posteriori risk for PE’ in each woman. This risk for unaffected women was compared with that for patients who subsequently developed late and early PE. The performance of such approach was described by receiver‐operating characteristic curves.ResultsLate PE developed in 13 (8.6%) pregnancies and early PE in seven (4.6%). The median ‘a posteriori risk for PE’ in the unaffected, late PE, and early PE groups was 0.62%, 1.22%, and 2.49% (P < 0.01), respectively. For a false‐positive rate of 10%, the detection rates of late and early PE were 23.1 and 42.9%, respectively.ConclusionsThis referenced model shows a modest performance when applied to high‐risk women. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Crystallin distribution patterns in concentric layers from toad eye lenses
Authors: Keenan Jonathan , Elia Giuliano , Dunn Michael J. , Orr David F. , Pierscionek Barbara K. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractProtein distribution patterns across eye lenses from the Asiatic toadBufo gargarizanswere investigated and individual crystallin classes characterised. Special fractionation that follows the growth mode of the lens was used to yield nine fractions corresponding to layers laid down at different chronological (developmental) stages. Proportions of soluble and insoluble crystallins within each fraction were measured by Bradford assay. Water‐soluble proteins in all fractions were separated by size‐exclusion HPLC and constituents of each class further characterised by electrophoresis, RP‐HPLC and MS analysis. In outer lens layers, α‐crystallin is the most abundant soluble protein but is not found in soluble proteins in the lens centre. Water‐soluble β‐crystallins also decrease from their highest level in the outer lens to negligible mounts in the central lens. The proportion of soluble γ‐crystallin increases significantly towards the lens centre where this is the only soluble protein present. Insoluble protein levels increase significantly towards the lens centre. InB. gargarizanslenses, as with other anurans, the predominant water‐soluble protein class is γ‐crystallin. No taxon‐specific crystallins were found. The relationship between the protein distribution patterns and the functional properties of the lens this species is discussed.
Strongly electron deficient sulfonyldithioformate based RAFT agents for hetero Diels‐Alder conjugation: Computational design and experimental evaluation
Authors: Nebhani Leena , Sinnwell Sebastian , Lin Ching Yeh , Coote Michelle L. , Stenzel Martina H. , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe synthesis of a novel class of reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agents—based on quantum‐chemical ab initio calculations—having methylsulfonyl and phenylsulfonyl moieties as Z‐group is described. The resulting C‐sulfonyldithioformate transfer agents [benzyl methylsulfonyldithioformate (MSDTF) and benzyl phenylsulfonyldithioformate (PSDTF)] feature extremely strong electron deficient CS double bonds and should thus be suitable to undergo rapid hetero Diels‐Alder (HDA) reactions with variable dienes under mild (i.e., ambient and catalyst free) reaction conditions. It can be demonstrated via a series of model reactions, whose outcome is monitored via electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI–MS), that C‐sulfonyldithioformate based RAFT agents undergo HDA reactions with a series of diene‐capped macromolecules (10 min < reaction time < 24 h) at ambient temperatures (T ≈ 25 °C) with reaction times ranging from 24 h (for open chain dienes) to a few minutes (for cyclopentadiene) in the absence of any catalysts. Concomitantly, PSDTF is able to efficiently mediate the polymerization of isobornyl acrylate (iBA) with living characteristics (2300 < Mn (g/mol) < 16,000, 1.08 < PDI < 1.31). In a subsequent step, it is demonstrated that conjugates of poly(iBA) and polystyrene can be constructed under mild reaction conditions (reaction time < 10 min, T ≈ 25 °C, Mn ≈ 6000 (g/mol), PDI ≈ 1.3, no catalyst). In addition, we highlight that sulfonyldithioformate type RAFT agents are such effective dienophiles that they can undergo HDA reactions with certain monomers, including styrene. While such a strong HDA activity limits their use in polymerizations, it opens an avenue for catalyst free efficient surface modification reactions under mild conditions with variable dienes. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 6053–6071, 2009
Monitoring ultrathin film photopolymerization of tetra‐alkylepoxyporphyrin by UV‐Vis spectroscopy
Authors: Lintinen Kalle , Storbacka Linda , Efimov Alexander , Hietala Sami , Ahorinta Risto , Tkachenko Nikolai , Lemmetyinen Helge 
Published: October 2009

AbstractCationic photopolymerization is a convenient in situ polymerization method for organic thin film preparation. In this work, the polymerization mechanisms is applied for highly viscous cross‐linking monomers, using tetra‐alkylepoxyporphyrin (TAEP) as a case study. By comparing the UV‐Vis spectra of the polymerized sample before and after the unreacted monomers have been dissolved, it is possible to estimate the polymerization yield. An IR spectrum of a reference thick film confirms full polymerization. Scanning fluorescence lifetime microscopy and AFM show the uniformity of the polymer. It was shown that photopolymerization is highly dependent on the substrate nature and requires at best case a 10 min illumination at 90 °C. Thermal polymerization of the same sample requires 10 min heating at 150 °C in dark. It was also shown that TAEP works as a self‐sensitizer for cationic photopolymerization. The proposed method is a mild and versatile technique for in situ preparation of thin polymeric films directly from chromophore monomers. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 6095–6103, 2009
Dual linearized gravity in D = 6 coupled to a purely spin‐two field of mixed symmetry (2,2)
Authors: Bizdadea C. , Cioroianu E.M. , Saliu S.O. , Băbălîc E.M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractUnder the hypotheses of analyticity, locality, Lorentz covariance, and Poincaré invariance of the deformations, combined with the requirement that the interaction vertices contain at most two spatiotemporal derivatives of the fields, we investigate the consistent interactions between a single massless tensor field with the mixed symmetry (3,1) and one massless tensor field with the mixed symmetry (2,2). The computations are done with the help of the deformation theory based on a cohomological approach, in the context of the antifield‐BRST formalism. Our result is that dual linearized gravity in D = 6 gets coupled to a purely spin‐two field with the mixed symmetry of the Riemann tensor such that both the gauge transformations and first‐order reducibility relations in the (3,1) sector are changed, but not the gauge algebra.
Synthesis and mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes produced by the water assisted CVD process
Authors: Smajda R. , Andresen J. C. , Duchamp M. , Meunier R. , Casimirius S. , Hernádi K. , Forró L. , Magrez A. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractCatalyst activity during the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) growth by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is enhanced when water, a weak oxidizer, is introduced together with the carbon source. The height as well as the CNTs density can be controlled by fine‐tuning the water content. The characterization of the mechanical properties of CNTs produced by the water assisted CVD process clearly indicates that high quality materials are produced. CNTs with diameter smaller than 12 nm exhibit Young's modulus higher than 400 GPa.
Raman characterization of MoS2 microtube
Authors: Virsek Marko , Krause Matthias , Kolitsch Andreas , Remškar Maja 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA MoS2 microtube synthesized by chemical transport reaction was studied by Raman line scan mapping. The Raman spectrum of the MoS2 microtube closely resembles that of a MoS2 single crystal. For the first order A1g and E2g Raman modes, the same frequencies can be observed for both MoS2 microtubes and single crystals, respectively, while line widths are slightly larger in the microtube spectrum, which can be attributed to defects. In the line scan along the tube axis, the wave numbers of first order peaks are constant, while a slight up‐shift of the Raman lines is observed in a line scan perpendicular to the tube. Possible mechanisms are discussed and the heating effect is proposed. Line scan approach over the edge of an object thus enables accurate determination of positions of first order peaks in highly absorbing materials.
Damage structures in austenitic stainless steels during incubation period of void swelling
Authors: Yoshiie Toshimasa , Cao Xingzhong , Xu Qiu , Sato Koichi , Troev T. D. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe incubation period, a transient stage before the steady void swelling, in austenitic stainless steels is important, because it determines the duration of service under neutron irradiation in reactors. However, most of experimental studies have been performed after void formation by transmission electron microscopy, and point defects and their clusters under the resolution limits are impossible to detect. In this study, defect structures during the incubation period were studied by using positron annihilation lifetime measurement. The formations of small vacancy clusters below 363 K and precipitates above 563 K were detected by neutron irradiation. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
He bubble formation and emission of He in irradiated Fe
Authors: Xu Qiu , Cao Xingzhong , Sato Koichi , Yoshiie Toshimasa , Iwai Takeo 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe formation and stability of He bubbles in Fe irradiated with 2.5 MeV He to a dose of 1.0×1020 ions/m2 were investigated. The results of positron lifetime and coincidence Doppler broadening (CDB) measurements showed that He bubbles were formed in the He‐ion‐irradiated Fe. The growth of the He bubbles by the movement and coalescence of bubbles at temperatures higher than 773 K was detected. The He bubbles remained even at the high temperature of 1373 K. In addition, He atoms were also trapped by dislocation loops formed by the irradiation. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Positron lifetime studies of defects in α‐Fe containing helium
Authors: Troev T. , Popov E. , Staikov P. , Nankov N. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractPoint defects are key factor for determination of properties and characteristics of structural materials. The properties of defects in alpha Fe containing helium atoms have been investigated by model positron lifetime simulations. The electron and positron wave functions have been obtained in the local density approximation to the two‐component density functional theory. The calculated values of the positron lifetime correlate with the magnitude of the electron density. The lifetime of positrons trapped in nano‐voids increases with the size of the voids. The presence of He in the nano‐void decrease the lifetime. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The Positronium state in quartz
Authors: Barbiellini B. , Platzman P. M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe positronium state in quartz is described by a linear superposition of two states: the first describing the free positron in the crystal and the second corresponding to a positronium Bloch wavefunction in the lattice. The condition for positronium formation in the electron gas is deduced by using variational calculations of the positron binding energy to the electron system.The self annihilation parameter κ introduced in positron lifetime experiments can be properly justified by using the mixed state. A variational method to calculate κ is proposed (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)