bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Template‐based lymphadenectomy in urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract: Impact on patient survival
Authors: Kondo Tsunenori , Hashimoto Yasunobu , Kobayashi Hirohito , Iizuka Junpei , Nakazawa Hayakazu , Ito Fumio , Tanabe Kazunari 
Published: August 2010

Objectives:  The benefit of lymphadenectomy (LND) in patients with urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract (UCUUT) has remained controversial. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of the LND template and the total number of lymph nodes (LN) when increasing the number of patients undergoing complete dissection of regional nodes (CompLND).Methods:  A total of 109 UCUUT patients with clinically negative nodes underwent nephroureterectomy with concomitant lymphadenectomy at our center. Patients' survival was examined according to the type of LND and the number of removed LN. Univariate analysis was performed to find the cut‐off value of LN influencing survival.Results:  Seventy‐eight patients underwent CompLND. Incomplete lymphadenectomy was performed in an additional 41 patients. In the patients with pT2 or higher who were clinically negative for nodal metastasis, any cut‐off value for the total number of LN removed showed no statistical significance. In contrast, CompLND had a significant impact on patient survival. The Cox proportional hazard model showed that CompLND was a significant factor after adjusting for adjuvant chemotherapy. The total number of removed LN was not significant.Conclusions:  In patients with muscle‐invasive clinical node‐negative UCUUT, the number of LN removed shows minimal influence on their survival. In contrast, the influence of the particular type of lymphadenectomy is statistically significant. These findings suggest that the extent of lymphadenectomy should be determined by the template and not by the number of removed LN.
Hetero‐Transplantation of Human Embryonal Carcinoma into the Nude Mouse Functional and Morphologic Examination
Authors: Ohkawa Kiyoshi , Koike Kiyoshiko , Amasaki Hirofumi , Tohtake Takayasu , Nakata Hironobu , Dohsono Haruhiko 
Published: August 2010

AbstractHuman embryonal carcinoma, adult type, free from any components of endodermal sinus tumor was successfully transplanted into a nude mouse designated JTG‐1. The tumor formed a large unilocular cyst in the mouse containing various concentrations of alpha‐fetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen. Histologically it was composed of three patterns, such as endodermal sinus (Schiller‐Duval body), reticular and solid patterns and was compatible with an endodermal sinus tumor. Fine structural observation revealed two major types of tumor cells, namely, a spindle‐shaped stellate cell with numerous glycogen granules and many cytoplasmic processes, and an endodermal‐like large cell including voluminous cytoplasm with well‐developed microvilli situated on basal laminalike electron‐dense materials. Immunofluorescent study revealed a localization of both alpha‐fetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen in the tumor tissue. These findings suggest that the transplantation procedure induced both a morphologic and functional transformation of the adult embryonal carcinoma in the direction of an endodermal sinus tumor proving that the carcinoma had maintained the character of a multi‐potential cell.
Tumor‐Antigen (TA‐4) of Squamous Cell Carcinomaits Tissue Distribution and its Relationship to Serum TA‐4 Concentrations
Authors: Morioka Hitoshi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTissue concentrations of the tumor‐antigen (TA‐4) in squamous cell carcinoma were determined in several malignant and non‐malignant tissues utilizing a radioimmunoassay method, and the relationship between tissue TA‐4 concentrations and serum TA‐4 concentrations was investigated in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma tissue contained 1,080.5 + 208.7 μu/mg of TA‐4 activities, which was significantly greater than those in normal squamous epitheliums of the uterine cervix (219.1 + 21.7 μu/mg), vagina (280.1 + 26.6 μu/mg) and vulva (264, 324 μu/mg). Neither adenocarcinomas of the uterine cervix, endometrium and ovary nor normal columnar epithelium, stroma and endometrium of the uterus showed TA‐4 activities. There was no direct correlation between tumor TA‐4 contents and serum TA‐4 concentrations, suggesting that circulating TA‐4 levels were not solely attributable to the antigen content of the tumor but also to other factors.
Evaluation of the Health and Nutritional Status of Women in Sri Lanka
Authors: Chinnatamby Siva , Basnayake Sriani , Nichoalds George E. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractCertain aspects of the general health and nutritional status of 489 women of child‐bearing age living in Colombo and the surrounding vicinity have been evaluated by several criteria. Although women with chronic and/or acute medical problems were not included in the study, the sample population was typical of the average woman living in the area. Medical histories and physical examinations revealed a low incidence of severe clinical abnormalities. The latter did indicate public health problems concerning dental caries and probable deficiencies of riboflavin and vitamin A. Dietary data confirmed the clinical findings in that the corfsumption of riboflavin and vitamin A were grossly inadequate. Total calorie intake was also very low and accounts for the limited fat stores observed in this population. In contrast, protein status was quite adequate. There was some parasite infestation but it did not appear to be severe enough to have an impact on health and nutritional status. Liver function and lipid levels of cholesterol and triglyceride were normal. Approximately half of the women exhibited abnormal glucose tolerance tests. Anemia was present in 15% of the participants; iron deficiency was the most common cause of the anemia with deficiencies of folacin and vitamin B12 contributing to a lesser degree. Body levels of vitamin C and iodine were found to be normal whereas riboflavin nutriture was inadequate in 54% of the women.
Prenatal Fetal Heart Structures Identified by Two‐Dimensional Echocardiography
Authors: Hata Toshiyuki , Yamamoto Kazuhiko , Kitao Manabu 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTwo‐dimensional echocardiograms of 141 fetuses ranging from 18 to 42 weeks of gestational age were examined retrospectively to identify fetal heart structures. Many different views of the fetal heart were clearly evident, and the structures were well delineated. As four chamber views were seen in many cases, this plane may be suitable for a standardized observation of the fetal heart. This approach is expected to lead toward a prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart diseases.
Outcome of Pregnancy and Follow‐up of Children Conceived by Ovulation Induction
Authors: Seki Katsuyoshi , Seki Mitsunori , Kato Koichi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractEvaluation of gestational outcome was attempted in 271 pregnancies achieved with various methods of ovulation induction (gonadotropin, clomiphene, Sexovid and epimestrol). The overall abortion rate was 18.4%. Although the incidence of multiple pregnancy was high (20.0%) after human nemopausal gonadotropin therapy, it was not after clomiphene when used alone. The overall male/female ratio of the neonates and fetuses was 117.7/100, and the incidence of malformation found at birth was 1.8%. Body lengths and weights of the neonates at birth were similar to standard values in Japan, though body weights of those after gonadotropin therapy were slightly lighter. In an attempt to follow‐up later developments of children born of mothers treated with ovulation‐inducing agents, questionnaires were sent to 141 mothers and 113 replies were obtained. No particular tendency was observed in the malformations and/or abnormalities found at the time of follow‐up or diseases suffered during the course of development. Body heights and weights of the children at the time of follow‐up fitted well with the physical developmental curves for children throughout Japan.
Clinical Implication of Hyperprolactinemias, Especially with Prolactinoma and Luteal Insufficiency
Authors: Tamaya Teruhiko , Murakami Toshiki , Ohno Yousuke , Wada Keisuke , Higashiyama Shusei , Mizukawa Norio , Okada Hiroji 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe incidence of prolactinoma was 23 out of 64 hyperprolactinemic anovulatory patients (35.9%). The basal plasma prolactin (PRL) level showed a positive correlation to prolactinoma size. The turn of height in the increment ratio of PRL in the TRH test was prolactinomatous < hyperprolactinemic (except prolactinoma) < normoprolactinemic in anovulatory patients. This progression had statistical significance. The TSH release in the TRH test seemed to decrease with increase in tumor size. Gonadotropin secretion and the gonadotropin release in the LHRH test were independent of tumor size. ΔLH in the LHRH test in the patients with prolactinomas was significantly lower than ΔLH in the other anovulatory patients. The basal FSH level in hyperprolactinemic patients with or without prolactinomas tended to be lower than that in normoprolactinemic patients. The hyperprolactinemia associated with luteal insufficiency was 9.3 per cent in the incidence. In 9 out of 15 confirmed luteal hyperprolactinemic patients (60%), the endometrium appeared out‐of‐phase without any difference of basal gonadotropin level. Bromocriptine therapy of women with hyperprolactinemia, irrespective of the etiology, lead easily to restoration of ovulation, sometimes with clomiphene citrate. Clomiphene citrate induced ovulation in 4 out of 10 cases of prolactinoma (40%) and in 11 out of 16 cases of idiopathic hyperprolactinemia (68.8%). hMG‐hCG induced ovulation in 10 out of 10 cases in both groups (100%).
The Effect of Maternal Glucose Administration upon Fetal Myocardial Glycogen Change During Acute Blood Loss in the Term Pregnant Dog
Authors: Takeda Yoshihiko , Hongo Motohiro , Gabel Paul V. , Romney Seymour L. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract(1) To evaluate the effect of maternal glucose loading upon myocardial glycogen and cardiovascular function in induced fetal distress, acute maternal hemorrhage was caused in term pregnant dogs pretreated with 1.5 gm/Kg of glucose 15 minutes before initiating hemorrhage.(2) Myocardial glycogen depletion followed almost the same pattern as in the untreated group, reaching a level a little below half of the control at the end of the experiment.(3) Fetal heart rate changes were altered by glucose administration in two respects: prolonged initial techycardia and less severe progressive bradycardia when this occurred.(4) Other main effects of glucose during the hypotensive period were significantly higher increases in both fetal and maternal plasma glucose compared to the untreated group and a tremendous increase of fetal pCO2 and decrease of fetal pH.(5) It may be concluded that glucose pretreatment is effective in providing oxidative energy to hypoxic cardiac muscle for its contractile activity.
Experimental Microsurgical Utero‐Ovarian and Tubal Transplantation
Authors: Iwasa Yoshihiko , Yanagino Kazuo 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAnimal experiments of utero‐ovarian and tubal homo‐transplantation with vascular anastomosis using hamsters, rabbits and dogs were carried out by the microscopic technique. The homografted dogs survived but are apparently not fertile. The homografts of hamsters and rabbits were not viable, chiefly due to poor anesthetic management. However, this experiment clearly proved the technical feasibility of this transplantation. The operative procedures used in these experiments, the possibility of their clinical application for human tubal transplantation and methods of immunosuppression are discussed in detail.
Study on Role of Oxytocin in Lactating Rats by Passive Immunization
Authors: Nagai Takashi , Makino Tsunehisa , Nakayama Akihiko , Nakazawa Kazumi , Suzuki Hideaki , Iizuka Rihachi 
Published: August 2010

SynopsisSome of the physiological roles of oxytocin (OT) in lactating rats were studied by passive immunization. Antibody to synthetic OT (A/S OT) was produced in rabbits immunized with synthetic OT conjugated to bovine serum albumin by the glutaraldehyde method. Then the sera of the rabbits were tested for the potency and specificity of antibody to OT by double antibody radioimmunoassay technique. One ml of antiserum was inferred to be capable of sufficiently neutralizing endogenous OT in lactating rats. This antiserum was proved to inhibit the biological action of OT by Magnus equipment.Fifth day of birth each of 8 rats was daily injected subcutaneously with 1 ml of A/S OT. In the control group each of 6 rats was daily injected with 1 ml of normal rabbit serum (NRS). All pups in the treated group were dead during 11th to 15th day postpartum, though all pups in the control group grew normally. Serum prolactin (PRL) levels in both groups were virtualy identical suggesting that OT might be independent of PRL release. Furthermore the histology of the mammary glands suggested that the role of OT on lactation might not affect the phase of milk production while however affecting milk ejection.
Immunoperoxidase Localization of Prolactin in Syncytio‐trophoblast Cells of Normal Pregnancy, Aborted Pregnancy, Hydatidiform Mole and Choriocarcinoma
Authors: Tomoda Shoji , Hamada Kazutaka , Sugawa Tadashi , Takahashi Kenichi P. , Yamagata Kenzo 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn this study the histochemical immunoperoxidase method was adopted to clarify the localization of prolactin (PRL) in the decidua and villus of normal, aborted, and molar pregnancy and choriocarcinoma. After evacuation and curettage or operative resection, tissue specimens were fixed in formalin solution and embedded in paraffin. Some frozen sections were made after fixation by Zamboni's solution. The indirect immunoperoxidase method was used. Anti‐PRL antibody was donated by NIAMDD and was used after absorption by hPL. Results showed that: (1) In normal pregnancy, PRL is located in syncytiotrophoblast cells. (2) In spontaneous abortion, PRL is detected in syncytiotrophoblast cells, despite fetal death, provided that hCG continues to be produced. (3) In molar pregnancy, PRL is localized in syncytiotrophoblast cells, even those which penetrate into the decidua. (4) In choriocarcinoma, PRL is located in the cancer cells.We concluded that syncytiotrophoblast cells are the main site of PRL as long as trophoblast cells are alive and active.
Predictive Value of Cervical Dilatation Rate in Primipara and Multipara Labour
Authors: Agrawal Nisha R. , Tiwari Priamvada 
Published: August 2010

AbstractPortograms of two hundred obstetrically and medically normal labouring patients were studied which included hundred primiparas and hundred multiparas. Analysis of partograms revealed that mean cervical dilatation rate for primiparas was 1.55 cm/hr, 0.91 cm/hr and 0.39 cm/hr in spontaneous, assisted and caesarean section deliveries, respectively. An initial dilatation rate (IDR) of 1 cm/hr or more resulted in 100% vaginal deliveries, while 60.5% required assisted delivery or caesarean section with an IDR of less than 1 cm/hr.In multiparous patients the IDR was 1.66 cm/hr for spontaneous deliveries. Mothers needing assisted delivery had a mean IDR of 0.93 cm/hr. All multiparas delivered spontaneously with an IDR of 1 cm/hr or more and none of them delivered without assistance when the IDR was less than 0.5 cm/hr. The principal contribution of initial dilatation rate (IDR) measurements is in reliably labeling the potential problem deliveries.
M‐mode Echocardiographic Assessment between Normal Heart Rate and Bradycardia in One Twin at 36 Weeks Gestation
Authors: Hata Toshiyuki , Matsunaga Isao , Nagahara Yutaka , Takamiya Osamu , Shibukawa Toshihiko 
Published: August 2010

AbstractM‐mode echocardiographic examination was carried out in utero on one fetus of twins in the state between normal heart rate and bradycardia. Diastolic dimensions, systolic dimensions, stroke volumes, ejection fractions, fractional shortenings, and cardiac output of both ventricles on fetal echocardiograms are discussed.
Effects of Daily 30 MCG Norgestrel on Glucose, Insulin, Cholesterol and Triglycerides during 1 Year's Time of Use
Authors: Boonsiri Banpot , Virutamasen Pramuan , Tangkeo Pailin , Wongsrichanalai Chansuda 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA prospective study to determine the metabolic effects of norgestrel, a progestogen only contraceptive, was under taken. Three‐hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as well as measurements of plasma insulin during OGTT, serum cholesterol and triglycerides were performed before and 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months after the daily oral administration of 30 mcg of norgestrel to 11 Thai women. There was no change of statistical significance observed in any of the glucose, insulin and cholesterol levels. Triglyceride values were lowered but, except for the 6‐month test, were not statistically significant. The data suggest that the daily use of 30 mcg of norgestrel for one year have negligible effect on fasting total cholesterol and triglyceride levels as well as on blood glucose and plasma insulin concentrations measured during oral glucose tolerance test.
Isaptent (DILEX‐C) A New Aid for Cervical Dilatation in Termination of First Trimester of Pregnancy
Authors: Sakunthala G. , Ramamurthy A. , Renganathan S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe gradual atraumatic dilatation of required extent of cervix for obstetrical procedure, especially in termination of pregnancy is the essential phenomena before evacuation of first and late first trimester of pregnancy. The methods available now are associated with serious side effects, causing an increased morbidity. So our experience with the clinical trial of “ISAPTENT (DILEX‐C)” in 60 patients of first trimester abortion has been reported. The satisfactory, atraumatic dilatation of cervix was achieved in 92 per cent of the patients with an average of 16.66 mm. dilatation by using single Isaptent (DILEX‐C) 20 hours prior to termination of pregnancy. The dilatation was found to have no relations to the age, parity and gestational period of the patients. There was no damage to the cervix. The Vaginal flora remained Unaltered.
Sinusoidal Fetal Heart Rate Pattern on Simultaneous Nonstress Test of a Monoamniotic Twin
Authors: Kigawa Junzo , Goto Shigenori , Narita Kiyoji , Aoki Satoru 
Published: August 2010

AbstractMonoamniotic twins are rare and have a high risk of mortality. Simultaneous nonstress test (NST) is a better predictor of perinatal mortality than serial biochemical assessments in multiple pregnancy. In this case, sinusoidal fetal heart rate patterns were noted at 36 weeks of gestation. Pregnancy was allowed to continue with frequently repeated NSTs. At 38 weeks of gestation, cesarean section was performed. Evaluation of placenta and membrane revealed a monoamniotic placenta. Each cord was knotted many times. The mother and neonates had benign postpartum courses.
Changes in Plasma P, Ca, ALP, Calcitonin and Parathyroid Hormone with Age and after Oophorectomy in Women
Authors: Kono Shinzo , Lio Kazuo , Takeuchi Kazuhiro , Unoki Yasushi , Go Shakugyo , Mori Ichiro 
Published: August 2010

AbstractPlasma Ca, P, ALP, parathyroid hormone (cPTH) and calcitonin (CT) were determined in normal women and patients oophorectomized for uterine carcinoma and myoma (age 20–83). The plasma Ca, P and ALP levels increased markedly from age 50 and immediately after menopause, followed by a high plateau until advanced age. The plasma cPTH level tended to increase from the 30's to the 50's, followed by an increase until the 70's, while the plasma CT level tended to decrease with age. After oophorectomy, the incidence of increased plasma Ca, P and ALP was higher in the premenopausal group than in the postmenopausal group. These results indicate that the reduction of ovarian function with age is most closely related to resorption of bone mass, with which the changes of cPTH and CT might be associated.
Comparative Study of Prostaglandin I2and Prostaglandin E2on Hemodynamics in Pregnant Dogs
Authors: Murayama Keisaburo , Kasai Hiroshi , Ouchi Hiroko 
Published: August 2010

AbstractEffects of intravenous injections of prostaglandin I2(PGI2) and prostaglandin E2(PGE2) on mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac output (CO), heart rate (HR), renal blood flow (RBF), and uterine blood flow (UBF) were investigated in the pregnant dog. A dose‐dependent fall in MAP was observed with PGI2and PGE2(PGI2>PGE2). HR was almost unchanged by both prostaglandins. PGI2and PGE2produced increases in CO and RBF in a dose‐dependent manner (PGI2>PGE2). PGI2caused a dose‐dependent decrease in UBF, while PGE2caused an increase in UBF during the period without concomitant increase in intrauterine pressure (IUP) and a decrease in UBF during the period with concomitant increase in IUP. The possibility of treatment of pregnancy‐induced hypertension with PGI2or PGE2is discussed.
Bacteriological Examination in Cases of Premature Rupture of Membranes
Authors: Saleh F.M. , Abb‐Gawad A. H. , El‐Gazaierly S. , Arafa A. M. , El‐Ghazzawi E. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractFifty patients with premature rupture of membrane for more than 16 hours were selected for our study. Bacteriological study of the maternal surface of the placentae and the oropharynx of the neonates were carried out to isolate and identify the different microorganisms. Antibiogram was done for each case. The study revealed that intra‐amniotic infection in cases of premature rupture of membranes varied directly with the time passed between membrane rupture and delivery. The most common microorganisms were Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli. The study revealed that Garamycin is the drug of choice in combating both foetal and maternal infections in cases of premature rupture of membranes.
Human Placental Lactogen Levels Determined by the Latex Agglutination Method in Diabetic Pregnancy
Authors: Kaibara Manabu , Marumoto Yuriko , Kobayashi Takuro 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe serum levels of human placental lactogen (HPL) of fifty normal and twenty‐five diabetic pregnant women were determined by the latex agglutination reaction method. From 32 to 33 weeks' gestation the mean HPL level of the diabetic patients was similar to that of the normal patients, but from 34 to 39 weeks' gestation it was significantly higher. There was a positive correlation between peak HPL level and placental weight in both normal and diabetic pregnancies, as well as a positive correlation between peak HPL level and glucose level measured 2 hours after loading of 50 g of glucose in diabetic pregnancy. As the mean placental weight of diabetic patients was significantly higher than that of normal patients, the elevated HPL levels observed in the diabetic patients were due to increased production of HPL in the hypertrophic placenta of diabetics.
Long‐term Culture of Human Ovarian Theca Cell Tumor, an Estrogen‐producing Tumor
Authors: Ishiwata Isamu , Ishiwata Chieko , Kobayashi Noboru , Ishikawa Hiroshi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe cultured cells designated HKOT were derived from the ovarian theca cell tumor of a 78‐year‐old female. HKOT cells grew slowly for 6 weeks, and were maintained in vitro for about 16 weeks. The monolayer cultured cells were fibroblastic in shape and contained lipid droplets detected by Sudan red stain. The cells were diploid and did not show karyological abnormalities. The cells continued secreting primarily estrogens, and only small quantities of androgens, if any at all for about 40 days. The ectocervical hyperkeratosis and endometrial hyperplasia were considered to be attributable to the effects of estrogens.