bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE IMPACT OF DIALYSIS MODALITY ON QUALITY OF LIFE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Boateng Edward Appiah , East Linda 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYBackground: This systematic review aims to generate evidence on which dialysis modality (in‐centre haemodialysis HD, or peritoneal dialysis, PD) improves the quality of life (QOL) of end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients.Methods: MEDLINE, CINAHL and EMBASE were searched from their inception to July 2010 for studies that compared QOL in both HD and PD patients.Results: Only 26 of the 574 studies identified were included in this review. These were crosssectional, longitudinal or retrospective in design. QOL tools used include SF‐36, Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQOL) and CHOICE Health Experience Questionnaire (CHEQ). PD patients mostly rate their QOL higher than HD patients. Yet HD patients may enjoy a relatively better QOL in the physical dimensions over time. Mental health components are comparable between both dialysis populations.Conclusion: There is no simple ‘yes’ or ‘no’ answer to the question of which dialysis modality improves QOL. However a good understanding of the evidence base will facilitate individual decision‐making.
PATIENT HEALTH AND WELL‐BEING WHILE WAITING FOR RENAL TRANSPLANTATION: PART I
Authors: Murphy Fiona , Trevitt Ray , Chamney Melissa , McCann Margaret 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYThis is the first article in a series of three articles concerning renal transplantation. This first article will address the patient's health and well‐being while waiting for renal transplantation and the role of the multidisciplinary team in the promoting of this. The subsequent articles will address pre‐ and post‐renal transplant care and the long‐term complications of renal transplantation.
Diagnostic Ultrasound of the Rotator Cuff: Sensitivity and Specificity in a District General Hospital
Authors: Mcbride Tim , Mathur Keshav 
Published: October 2011

Background Rotator cuff tears are associated with significant morbidity. Ultrasound scanning in the diagnosis and evaluation of cuff tears has been shown to be highly sensitive and specific. However, it is hypothesized that ultrasound may not be such a precise modality in the setting of a district general hospital. Materials and Methods The present study identified all patients in a 1-year period who underwent shoulder arthroscopy and who had also undergone a preceding ultrasound scan. Tables (2 × 2) were drawn up to compare findings and calculate sensitivity, specificity and predictive values. Results Eighty-five patients were identified with a total of 59 (69%) cuff tears detected at surgery. Overall, the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound was 66% and 54%, respectively. This equated to an overall accuracy of 62%. The positive predictive value was 76% and the negative predictive value was 41%. Discussion The results obtained in the present study demonstrate disappointingly low sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, as well as accuracy, for the use of ultrasound scanning in the assessment of the rotator cuff. This has implications not only for the diagnostic process, but also in terms of theatre time logistics. It is suggested that a regular multidisciplinary team meeting is held to discuss imaging and consideration of magnetic resonance imaging as an alternative modality in this setting.
Pectoralis Major Transfer for Subscapularis Deficiency: A Computational Study
Authors: Jastifer James , Gustafson Peter , Patel Bipin , Uggen Christopher 
Published: October 2011

Background Clinical studies purport an increase in internal rotation strength after transfer in subscapularis deficient patients. The present study aimed to establish the internal rotation biomechanics of a pectoralis major muscle transfer for the treatment of subscapularis muscle insufficiency. Methods A computational study was performed utilizing a three-dimensional, validated, computational model of the upper extremity. The pectoralis major was modeled as three distinct components. Moments were calculated from combined force (active and passive) as well as muscle moment arms for each of the internal rotators throughout a physiologic range of motion. The results were compared to both normal and subscapularis deficient simulations. Results A deficient subscapularis decreases the internal rotation moment by a maximum of 55% (16.9Nm). Transfer of the clavicular component in isolation and transfer of both the clavicular and sternal components decrease the sum internal rotation moment about the shoulder in a subscapularis deficient patient by a maximum of 5.3% (1.6Nm) and 10.6% (3.2Nm) respectively. Conclusion The clinical significance of this study is that the strength improvement demonstrated in clinical studies is likely a dynamic stabilizing effect of the transfer. This affirms the concept that the glenohumeral joint must have stability before the surrounding musculature can act effectively.
Solitary rectal metastasis from primary small cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Han Sang Hoon , Lee Jeong Won , Hyun Chang Lim , Yoo So Yeon , Lee Jong Hoo , Kwon Jung Mi , Kim Woo Kun 
Published: October 2011

AbstractLung cancer may rarely appear with a solitary rectal metastasis and no other metastases. We report the first case of primary small cell lung cancer presenting with a solitary rectal metastasis in a 62‐year‐old man. Chest computed tomography revealed a soft tissue lesion in the subcarinal area. Following bronchoscopic biopsy, the patient was diagnosed with small cell lung cancer. The rectal mass was incidentally found during an imaging study for staging work‐up. Histological examination revealed that the rectal mass was consistent with metastasis from small cell lung cancer. We suggest that clinicians should consider the possibility of rectal metastasis in small cell lung cancer patients with rectal masses.
Antidepressant treatment of Medicaid-insured youth with a cancer diagnosis
Authors: Valluri Satish , Zito Julie M , Pao Maryland , Ballard Elizabeth D , Safer Daniel J , Korelitz James J , Mattison Donald R , Wayne Alan S 
Published: October 2011

Abstract

Objectives
The primary purpose of this study was to determine whether youth with a clinical diagnosis of cancer are subsequently more likely to be prescribed antidepressants than their counterparts without cancer in a multi-state Medicaid-enrolled population.

Methods
Data on youth, ages 2–17 years, who were continuously enrolled in Medicaid for 3 or more months during 2000–2001 (n = 2 435 391), were extracted from administrative claims files of seven state Medicaid programmes. All youth with a cancer diagnosis were selected and, for each, 10 youth matched for age (±1 year), gender and race/ethnicity who did not have a cancer diagnosis were randomly selected as a comparison group. Antidepressant use in the subsequent 3–24 months following the index cancer diagnosis was compared to antidepressant use in the comparison group in the same time frame, adjusting for psychiatric diagnoses.

Key findings
Youth with cancer were predominantly male (60.8%), 5–14 years of age (67.9%) and white (51.7%). Antidepressant use (unadjusted) in the cancer group (8.8%) was higher than in the comparison group (5.2%). Adjusting for comorbid psychiatric diagnosis, Cox proportional hazards analysis indicated that antidepressant use was nearly twice as likely (hazard ratio = 1.97, 95% confidence interval = 1.57–2.46) in cancer-diagnosed youth as in a comparable group of youth without cancer.

Conclusions
A two-fold greater use of antidepressants following a cancer diagnosis in youth compared to their Medicaid-insured counterparts without cancer suggests a need for additional evaluation of the benefits and risks of antidepressants, particularly selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors, in a population likely to require complex medication treatments.
Imaging of moving fiducial markers during radiotherapy using a fast, efficient active pixel sensor based EPID
Authors: Osmond John P. F. , Zin Hafiz M. , Harris Emma J. , Lupica Giovanni , Allinson Nigel M. , Evans Philip M. 
Published: October 2011

Purpose:The purpose of this work was to investigate the use of an experimental complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) active pixel sensor (APS) for tracking of moving fiducial markers during radiotherapy.Methods:The APS has an active area of 5.4 × 5.4 cm and maximum full frame read‐out rate of 20 frame s−1, with the option to read out a region‐of‐interest (ROI) at an increased rate. It was coupled to a 4 mm thick ZnWO4 scintillator which provided a quantum efficiency (QE) of 8% for a 6 MV x‐ray treatment beam. The APS was compared with a standard iViewGT flat panel amorphous Silicon (a‐Si) electronic portal imaging device (EPID), with a QE of 0.34% and a frame‐rate of 2.5 frame s−1. To investigate the ability of the two systems to image markers, four gold cylinders of length 8 mm and diameter 0.8, 1.2, 1.6, and 2 mm were placed on a motion‐platform. Images of the stationary markers were acquired using the APS at a frame‐rate of 20 frame s−1, and a dose‐rate of 143 MU min−1to avoid saturation. EPID images were acquired at the maximum frame‐rate of 2.5 frame s−1, and a reduced dose‐rate of 19 MU min−1to provide a similar dose per frame to the APS. Signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) of the background signal and contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) of the marker signal relative to the background were evaluated for both imagers at doses of 0.125 to 2 MU.Results:Image quality and marker visibility was found to be greater in the APS with SNR ∼5 times greater than in the EPID and CNR up to an order of magnitude greater for all four markers. To investigate the ability to image and track moving markers the motion‐platform was moved to simulate a breathing cycle with period 6 s, amplitude 20 mm and maximum speed 13.2 mm s−1. At the minimum integration time of 50 ms a tracking algorithm applied to the APS data found all four markers with a success rate of ≥92% and positional error ≤90μm. At an integration time of 400 ms the smallest marker became difficult to detect when moving. The detection of moving markers using the a‐Si EPID was difficult even at the maximum dose‐rate of 592 MU min−1due to the lower QE and longer integration time of 400 ms.Conclusions:This work demonstrates that a fast read‐out, high QE APS may be useful in the tracking of moving fiducial markers during radiotherapy. Further study is required to investigate the tracking of markers moving in 3D in a treatment beam attenuated by moving patient anatomy. This will require a larger sensor with ROI read‐out to maintain speed and a manageable data‐rate.
Genome Sequence of the Bacteriocin-Producing Oral Probiotic Streptococcus salivarius Strain M18
Authors: Heng Nicholas C. K. , Haji-Ishak Nurul S. , Kalyan Alaina , Wong Andrew Y. C. , Lovrić Marija , Bridson Joanna M. , Artamonova Julia , Stanton Jo-Ann L. , Wescombe Philip A. , Burton Jeremy P. , Cullinan Mary P. , Tagg John R. 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT

Streptococcus salivarius
is a Gram-positive bacterial commensal and pioneer colonizer of the human oral cavity. Many strains produce ribosomally synthesized proteinaceous antibiotics (bacteriocins), and some strains have been developed for use as oral probiotics. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of the bacteriocin-producing oral probiotic
S. salivarius
strain M18.
Genome Sequence of Sphingobium yanoikuyae XLDN2-5, an Efficient Carbazole-Degrading Strain
Authors: Gai Zhonghui , Wang Xiaoyu , Tang Hongzhi , Tai Cui , Tao Fei , Wu Geng , Xu Ping 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT

Sphingobium yanoikuyae
XLDN2-5 is an efficient carbazole-degrading strain. Carbazole-degrading genes are accompanied on both sides by two copies of IS
6100
elements. Here, we describe the draft genome sequence of strain XLDN2-5, which may provide important clues as to how it recruited exogenous genes to establish pathways to degrade the xenobiotics.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Industrial Strain Bacillus megaterium WSH-002
Authors: Liu Liming , Li Yang , Zhang Jing , Zou Wei , Zhou Zhemin , Liu Jie , Li Xiaomin , Wang Lei , Chen Jian 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT

Bacillus megaterium
, an industrial strain, has been widely used in protein production and the vitamin C industry. Here we reported a finished, annotated, and compared 4.14-Mbp high-quality genome sequence of
B. megaterium
WSH-002, which is the companion strain for
Ketogulonicigenium vulgare
in the vitamin C industry and is stocked in our laboratory.
Complete Genome Sequences of Arcobacter butzleri ED-1 and Arcobacter sp. Strain L, Both Isolated from a Microbial Fuel Cell
Authors: Toh Hidehiro , Sharma Vineet K. , Oshima Kenshiro , Kondo Shinji , Hattori Masahira , Ward F. Bruce , Free Andrew , Taylor Todd D. 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT

Arcobacter butzleri
strain ED-1 is an exoelectrogenic epsilonproteobacterium isolated from the anode biofilm of a microbial fuel cell.
Arcobacter
sp. strain L dominates the liquid phase of the same fuel cell. Here we report the finished and annotated genome sequences of these organisms.
Complete Genome Sequence of Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Strain 1656-2, Which Forms Sturdy Biofilm
Authors: Park Jin Yeol , Kim Shukho , Kim Sung-Min , Cha Sun Ho , Lim Si-Kyu , Kim Jungmin 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT

Acinetobacter baumannii
is a Gram-negative bacterium causing nosocomial infections worldwide. To gain quick insight into the molecular basis of biofilm formation in
A. baumannii
, we determined the complete genome sequence of
A. baumannii
strain 1656-2, which forms sturdy biofilm and is resistant to multiple drugs.
Genome Sequence of Rhodococcus erythropolis XP, a Biodesulfurizing Bacterium with Industrial Potential
Authors: Tao Fei , Zhao Peng , Li Qian , Su Fei , Yu Bo , Ma Cuiqing , Tang Hongzhi , Tai Cui , Wu Geng , Xu Ping 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT

Rhodococcus erythropolis
strains have shown excellent characteristics in petroleum oil biodesulfurization. Here we present the first announcement of the draft genome sequence of an efficient biodesulfurizing bacterium named
R. erythropolis
XP (7,229,582 bp). The biodesulfurizing genes
dszABC
are located on a plasmid, while the flavin reductase gene
dszD
is located on the chromosome.
Draft Genome of Streptomyces zinciresistens K42, a Novel Metal-Resistant Species Isolated from Copper-Zinc Mine Tailings
Authors: Lin Yanbing , Hao Xiuli , Johnstone Laurel , Miller Susan J. , Baltrus David A. , Rensing Christopher , Wei Gehong 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT

A draft genome sequence of
Streptomyces zinciresistens
K42, a novel
Streptomyces
species displaying a high level of resistance to zinc and cadmium, is presented here. The genome contains a large number of genes encoding proteins predicted to be involved in conferring metal resistance. Many of these genes appear to have been acquired through horizontal gene transfer.
Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnoses in a Sample of Women with Fibromyalgia
Authors: Mist Scott D , Wright Cheryl L , Jones Kim Dupree , Carson James W 
Published: October 2011

Background Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) offers various treatment modalities guided by TCM diagnoses. In the United States, acupuncture is a commonly employed TCM method for treating a variety of chronic illnesses. Three systematic reviews have been reported recently, reaching differing conclusions about the efficacy of acupuncture for the treatment of fibromyalgia (FM). Among the FM acupuncture studies considered in these reviews, none used TCM diagnosis as an inclusion/exclusion criterion or adjusted treatment based on TCM diagnosis. Overlooking TCM diagnosis may be a reason for such disparate results. Primary study objective To obtain TCM diagnoses in a sample of women meeting 1990 American College of Rheumatology criteria for FM who were recruited for a yoga study and to investigate whether there is significant variability. Methods/design Two TCM practitioners conducted baseline TCM diagnostic examinations on 56 women with FM. A consensus diagnosis was reached based on standardised history, palpation and examination. Canonical discriminate analysis identified two baseline items which predicted TCM diagnosis. Setting School of Nursing, Oregon Health & Science University. Participants Women, ages 23–75, with FM recruited to a yoga intervention study Results Three primary TCM diagnoses were found in the population: Qi and Blood Deficiency (46.4%, CI 33.0% to 60.36%), Qi and Blood Stagnation (26.8%, CI 15.8% to 40.3%), and Liver Qi Stagnation (19.6%, CI 10.2% to 32.4%). Conclusion It is likely that previous studies of FM were treating a heterogeneous study population where variable results might be expected. Future acupuncture studies should either control for TCM diagnosis or consider its usefulness as an inclusion/exclusion criterion.
Transfer of tumour necrosis factor‐α via colostrum to foals
Authors: Secor E. J. , Matychak M. B. , Felippe M. J. B. 
Published: October 2011

This study aimed to determine whether TNF‐α is transferred to equine neonates via colostrum and the relationship between TNF‐α and IgG concentrations in the equine neonate. Colostrum, presuckle and postsuckle foal serum samples were collected from healthy mares and their foals. Equine TNF‐α ELISA and IgG SRID kits were used to determine the concentrations of TNF‐α and IgG, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using the Spearman rank correlation. TNF‐α concentrations in all presuckle foal serum were below the limit of detection in 15/16 foals and increased in postsuckle foal serum to a mean concentration of 7.7 x 104 pg/ml. TNF‐α concentrations in postsuckle foal serum and colostrum showed significant correlation (rho=0.668; P=0.005). However, TNF‐α and IgG concentrations in colostrum or postsuckle foal serum did not correlate (rho<−0.016; P>0.05). Ratios of TNF‐α/IgG in colostrum or postsuckle foal serum showed significant correlation (rho=0.750; P=0.0008). These results indicate that TNF‐α is transferred to the foal via colostrum absorption and may play a role in early immunity
Shorter Telomeres Associate with a Reduced Risk of Melanoma Development
Authors: Nan Hongmei , Du Mengmeng , De Vivo Immaculata , Manson JoAnn E. , Liu Simin , McTiernan Anne , Curb J. David , Lessin Lawrence S. , Bonner Matthew R. , Guo Qun , Qureshi Abrar A. , Hunter David J. , Han Jiali 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Epidemiologic studies have linked shortened telomeres with the development of many cancers. However, recent studies have suggested that longer telomeres may lead to prolonged senescence in melanocytes, providing increased opportunity for malignant transformation. We therefore examined whether shorter prediagnostically measured relative telomere length in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) was associated with a decreased risk of cutaneous melanoma. Telomere length in prospectively collected PBLs was measured in incident melanoma cases and age-matched controls selected from participants in three large prospective cohorts: the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study (WHI-OS), the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS), and the Nurses' Health Study (NHS). Shorter telomere lengths were associated with decreased risk of melanoma in each cohort. The Ptrend across quartiles was 0.03 in the WHI-OS and 0.008 in the HPFS. When combining these two datasets with published data in the NHS (Ptrend, 0.09), compared with individuals in the fourth quartile (the longest telomere lengths), those in the first quartile had an OR of 0.43 (95% CI: 0.28–0.68; Ptrend, 0.0003). Unlike findings for other tumors, shorter telomeres were significantly associated with a decreased risk of melanoma in this study, suggesting a unique role of telomeres in melanoma development. Cancer Res; 71(21); 6758–6763. ©2011 AACR.
TGFβ1 Inhibition Increases the Radiosensitivity of Breast Cancer CellsIn Vitroand Promotes Tumor Control by RadiationIn Vivo
Authors: Bouquet Fanny , Pal Anupama , Pilones Karsten A. , Demaria Sandra , Hann Byron , Akhurst Rosemary J. , Babb Jim S. , Lonning Scott M. , DeWyngaert J. Keith , Formenti Silvia C. , Barcellos-Hoff Mary Helen 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPurpose: To determine whether inhibition of TGFβ signaling prior to irradiation sensitizes human and murine cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.Experimental Design: TGFβ-mediated growth and Smad phosphorylation of MCF7, Hs578T, MDA-MB-231, and T47D human breast cancer cell lines were examined and correlated with clonogenic survival following graded radiation doses with and without pretreatment with LY364947, a small molecule inhibitor of the TGFβ type I receptor kinase. The DNA damage response was assessed in irradiated MDA-MB-231 cells pretreated with LY364947 in vitro and LY2109761, a pharmacokinetically stable inhibitor of TGFβ signaling, in vivo. The in vitro response of a syngeneic murine tumor, 4T1, was tested using a TGFβ neutralizing antibody, 1D11, with single or fractionated radiation doses in vivo.Results: Human breast cancer cell lines pretreated with TGFβ small molecule inhibitor were radiosensitized, irrespective of sensitivity to TGFβ growth inhibition. Consistent with increased clonogenic cell death, radiation-induced phosphorylation of H2AX and p53 was significantly reduced in MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells when pretreated in vitro or in vivo with a TGFβ type I receptor kinase inhibitor. Moreover, TGFβ neutralizing antibodies increased radiation sensitivity, blocked γH2AX foci formation, and significantly increased tumor growth delay in 4T1 murine mammary tumors in response to single and fractionated radiation exposures.Conclusion: These results show that TGFβ inhibition prior to radiation attenuated DNA damage responses, increased clonogenic cell death, and promoted tumor growth delay, and thus may be an effective adjunct in cancer radiotherapy. Clin Cancer Res; 17(21); 6754–65. ©2011 AACR.
A Systems Biology Approach Identifies SART1 as a Novel Determinant of Both 5-Fluorouracil and SN38 Drug Resistance in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Allen Wendy L. , Stevenson Leanne , Coyle Vicky M. , Jithesh Puthen V. , Proutski Irina , Carson Gail , Gordon Michael A. , Lenz Heinz-Josef D. , Van Schaeybroeck Sandra , Longley Daniel B. , Johnston Patrick G. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Chemotherapy response rates for advanced colorectal cancer remain disappointingly low, primarily because of drug resistance, so there is an urgent need to improve current treatment strategies. To identify novel determinants of resistance to the clinically relevant drugs 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and SN38 (the active metabolite of irinotecan), transcriptional profiling experiments were carried out on pretreatment metastatic colorectal cancer biopsies and HCT116 parental and chemotherapy-resistant cell line models using a disease-specific DNA microarray. To enrich for potential chemoresistance-determining genes, an unsupervised bioinformatics approach was used, and 50 genes were selected and then functionally assessed using custom-designed short interfering RNA (siRNA) screens. In the primary siRNA screen, silencing of 21 genes sensitized HCT116 cells to either 5-FU or SN38 treatment. Three genes (RAPGEF2, PTRF, and SART1) were selected for further analysis in a panel of 5 colorectal cancer cell lines. Silencing SART1 sensitized all 5 cell lines to 5-FU treatment and 4/5 cell lines to SN38 treatment. However, silencing of RAPGEF2 or PTRF had no significant effect on 5-FU or SN38 sensitivity in the wider cell line panel. Further functional analysis of SART1 showed that its silencing induced apoptosis that was caspase-8 dependent. Furthermore, silencing of SART1 led to a downregulation of the caspase-8 inhibitor, c-FLIP, which we have previously shown is a key determinant of drug resistance in colorectal cancer. This study shows the power of systems biology approaches for identifying novel genes that regulate drug resistance and identifies SART1 as a previously unidentified regulator of c-FLIP and drug-induced activation of caspase-8. Mol Cancer Ther; 11(1); 119–31. ©2011 AACR.