bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mortality Profile Related to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Multiple Cause-of-death Analysis
Authors: SOUZA DEBORAH C.C. , SANTO AUGUSTO H. , SATO EMILIA I. 
Published: January 2012

Objective.To analyze the mortality profile related to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.Methods.For the 1985–2007 period, we analyzed all death certificates (n = 4815) on which SLE was listed as an underlying (n = 3133) or non-underlying (n = 1682) cause of death. We evaluated sex, age, and the causes of death, comparing the first and last 5 years of the period, as well as determining the observed/expected death ratio (O/E ratio).Results.For SLE as an underlying cause, the mean age at death was 35.77 years (SD 15.12) and the main non-underlying causes of death were renal failure, circulatory system diseases, pneumonia, and septicemia. Over the period, the proportional mention of infectious causes and circulatory system diseases increased, whereas renal diseases decreased. For SLE as a non-underlying cause of death, the most common underlying causes of death were circulatory, respiratory, genitourinary, and digestive system diseases, and certain infections. The overall death O/E ratio was > 1 for renal failure, tuberculosis, septicemia, pneumonia, and digestive system diseases, as well as for circulatory system diseases at < 50 years of age, particularly acute myocardial infarct.Conclusion.Unlike in developed countries, renal failure and infectious diseases are still the most frequent causes of death. The increase in SLE deaths associated with infection, especially pneumonia and septicemia, is worrisome. The judicious use of immunosuppressive therapy together with vigorous treatment of cardiovascular comorbidities is crucial to the successful management of SLE and to improving survival of patients with SLE.
Propylthiouracil-induced Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA)-associated Renal Vasculitis Versus Primary ANCA-associated Renal Vasculitis: A Comparative Study
Authors: CHEN YONG-XI , ZHANG WEN , CHEN XIAO-NONG , YU HAI-JIN , NI LI-YAN , XU JING , PAN XIAO-XIA , REN HONG , CHEN NAN 
Published: January 2012

Objective.Renal involvement is frequently present in primary antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated small-vessel vasculitis (AAV) as well as propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced AAV. We analyzed the characteristics of patients with PTU-induced AAV with renal involvement and investigated the differences of the 2 diseases.Methods.Thirty-six patients with PTU-induced AAV, diagnosed from 1997 to 2010, were enrolled for study. Their data were compared with those of 174 patients with primary AAV diagnosed at the same time. Renal involvement was present in all patients.Results.There was a prominent proportion of young women with PTU-induced AAV (p < 0.01). They had lower levels of proteinuria and serum creatinine and higher estimated glomerular filtration rate (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, and p < 0.01, respectively). Clinical immunological abnormalities were less severe in patients with PTU-induced AAV. Patients with PTU-induced AAV had less organ involvement and lower Birmingham Vasculitis Assessment Score than patients with primary AAV (p < 0.01). Renal biopsies showed a lower proportion of glomeruli with crescents (p < 0.01). Interstitial inflammation was less severe in patients with PTU-induced AAV (p < 0.05). Similarly, interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy were less severe in patients with PTU-induced AAV (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, respectively). Renal survival and total survival were better in patients with PTU-associated vasculitis (p < 0.05, p = 0.01).Conclusion.Clinical and histopathological abnormalities were less severe in patients with PTU-induced AAV and most of them had a good prognosis.
Evaluation of Circulating Endothelial and Platelet Microparticles in Men with Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: SARI ISMAIL , BOZKAYA GIRAY , KIRBIYIK HALIL , ALACACIOGLU AHMET , ATES HALIL , SOP GULTEN , CAN GERCEK , TAYLAN ALI , PISKIN OZDEN , YILDIZ YASAR , AKKOC NURULLAH 
Published: January 2012

Objective.To evaluate the profiles of endothelial microparticles (EMP) and platelet microparticles (PMP) in men with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and healthy subjects. We also aimed to determine whether microparticles (MP) correlate with disease activity, function, and spinal mobility indices.Methods.There were 82 men with AS and 53 healthy controls. Subjects with a history of chronic diseases including coronary artery disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia were excluded. MP were stained with monoclonal antibodies against platelets and endothelial cells and quantified using flow cytometry. MP that were positive for both CD42a+/CD31+ and total CD42a+ were identified as PMP; and MP consisting of CD42a–/CD31+ and total CD144+ were considered EMP.Results.EMP and PMP were similar between the patient and control groups (p > 0.05). Comparison of patients with AS in the active disease state (BASDAI ≥ 4) and in the inactive state showed that EMP and PMP were not different between the groups (p > 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed no correlation with Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index, or Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index. C-reactive protein was significantly correlated with PMP and CD42a–/CD31+ EMP (p < 0.05). Comparison of patients with AS treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) drugs, subjects treated conventionally, and healthy controls revealed that PMP and CD42a–/CD31+ EMP were significantly downregulated in patients receiving biological agents.Conclusion.Circulating EMP and PMP, known to be indicators and mediators of vascular injury, were not significantly altered in men with AS who did not have classical cardiovascular risk factors. Significantly downregulated MP in patients receiving biological agents suggested that anti-TNF treatment may have a beneficial effect on vascular function in AS.
Familial Autoimmunity in Systemic Sclerosis — Results of a French-based Case-Control Family Study
Authors: KOUMAKIS EUGÉNIE , DIEUDÉ PHILIPPE , AVOUAC JÉRÔME , KAHAN ANDRÉ , ALLANORE YANNICK ,   Association des Sclérodermiques de France
Published: January 2012

Objective.To assess the prevalence of autoimmune diseases in first-degree relatives of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), and to compare those results with control families in order to identify patterns of autoimmune diseases in relatives.Methods.A retrospective case-control postal questionnaire survey was performed in France to recruit patients with SSc belonging to an association of patients with SSc and unrelated age-matched and sex-matched controls. Each participant was asked to self-report on the existence of autoimmune diseases in their first-degree relatives. The prevalence of autoimmune diseases in the families of patients with SSc was compared with the corresponding prevalence in the families of controls.Results.A total of 121 families out of 373 (32.4%) with a member having SSc reported at least 1 autoimmune disease in 1 or more first-degree relatives. The most frequent autoimmune diseases in SSc families when adjusted for family size were autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD; 4.9%), rheumatoid arthritis (4.1%), psoriasis (3.9%), and type 1 diabetes mellitus (2.9%). Compared with control families, AITD and connective tissue diseases (SSc, systemic lupus erythematosus, or Sjögren’s syndrome) were more likely to occur in families with SSc (p = 0.01 and p = 0.01, respectively), with OR of 3.20 (95% CI 1.25–8.18) and 5.20 (95% CI 1.22–21.8). In contrast, inflammatory bowel disease was less likely to occur within families with SSc (p = 0.02, OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.11–0.80). In addition, the coexistence of more than 1 autoimmune disease in the index SSc case was associated with familial aggregation of autoimmune diseases.Conclusion.Our results show that autoimmune diseases cluster within families of patients with SSc. This supports the notion that these diseases might arise on a shared genetic basis underlying several autoimmune phenotypes.
Rose des vents et roue du temps. Broderie à images sur l'organisation d'une séquence temporelle limitée
Authors: Dubois Claude-Gilbert 
Published: January 2012

La rose est un symbole, exploité par les poètes, pour signifier l’épanouissement de l’instant et sa brièveté. La roue (il suffit de changer une lettre) est un autre symbole du temps, qui en exprime l’uniformité circulaire et l’éternel retour des choses. Le jet, avec son trajet direct vers un objectif, l’onde et sa propagation par élargissement de la circonférence initiale, sont d’autres moyens, géométriques et visuels, de concrétiser par images la perception déroutante parce que non matériellement figurable, de l’écoulement temporel. La question posée est de savoir si les représentations imagées du temps, ayant valeur générale, peuvent pertinemment s’appliquer au déroulement d’une séquence temporelle limitée, comme l’est un entretien, une consultation, une séance thérapeutique ou une conférence. La séquence découpée dans le temps universel ressemble à la surface circonscrite et organisée pour une création d’espace, esthétique ou utilitaire. Elle a à la fois son organisation propre et ses interférences avec l’environnement temporel dont elle se différencie sans se détacher. Une et multiple, elle renvoie à ce que Rilke disait de la rose aux multiples pétales : « un seul regard sous des milliers de paupières ».
Le temps de l'image, le temps des mots
Authors: Simond Marianne 
Published: January 2012

Sous l’angle temporel, l’auteur cherche à distinguer l’image, en particulier visuelle et le discours. Elle détaille les caractéristiques du temps, selon l’une et selon l’autre. En se référant aux concepts freudiens de représentation de chose et de représentation de mot, de processus primaire et de processus secondaire, elle pose en particulier l’hypothèse que le rêve-éveillé, du côté de la représentation de chose, rend possible un accès au processus primaire de l’inconscient, avant de donner un accès fécond au processus secondaire de l’analyse. Elle détaille ensuite divers aspects de la méthode, toujours sous l’angle des différences liées au temps : entre autres, le positionnement de l’analysant, les distinctions faites au cours des séances entre le rêve-éveillé, les images et l’analyse, les mots.
Gérer la distance à la « base ». Les permanents CGT d'un atelier SNCF
Authors: Mischi Julian 
Published: January 2012

À partir de l’ethnographie d’un syndicat de cheminots situé en milieu rural, cet article explore les liens que des responsables CGT entretiennent avec l’entreprise (un atelier de la SNCF) où ils sont de moins en moins présents. Appréhender les logiques de la professionnalisation syndicale « par en bas » fait apparaître le rôle déterminant du contexte local et du groupe des pairs : les permanents sont confrontés à de multiples rappels à l’ordre de la part des salariés. L’article analyse comment ces permanents définissent leur rôle et font face à la pression de leurs collègues, comment ils sont amenés à envisager des stratégies de sortie de poste afin d’échapper à une situation (de distance au terrain mêlée de proximité) qui, à un certain moment de leur trajectoire, devient trop coûteuse.
S'attacher à la politique. Carrières de jeunes socialistes professionnels
Authors: Bargel Lucie 
Published: January 2012

Cet article analyse les carrières de membres du Mouvement des jeunes socialistes au milieu des années 2000, avec les outils de la sociologie interactionniste de la socialisation. À travers le détail de quelques cas, il montre d’abord comment, pour les plus investis, l’engagement politique en vient progressivement à unifier l’ensemble des pratiques. C’est ce qui permet de comprendre leur attachement, au sens à la fois affectif, moral et contraignant, à la politique comme activité professionnelle, tout en en restituant les ambiguïtés. L’article détaille ainsi dans un second temps les rapports complexes des enquêtés à leur professionnalisation dans la sphère politique.
« Ne pas perdre la foi dans l'imamat ». Comment se maintiennent les « vocations » d'imams bénévoles en France
Authors: Jouanneau Solenne 
Published: January 2012

En France, l’imamat permet d’exercer une autorité morale donnant accès à certaines gratifications symboliques et/ou financières. Mais ceux qui occupent ce rôle expérimentent aussi des situations difficiles : menaces d’expulsion, surveillance policière, surveillance communautaire, etc. Dans le cas des imams bénévoles se surajoutent aussi potentiellement les tensions familiales et professionnelles. Un tel constat invite à s’interroger sur la manière dont se maintient l’engagement dans l’imamat, en se demandant comment certains individus, surtout lorsqu’ils agissent bénévolement, parviennent à entretenir, pour eux-mêmes comme pour les autres, la croyance dans le bien fondé d’être et de rester imam ( i.e. d’agir et de se définir durablement comme tel). Après avoir présenté, d’une part, les différentes catégories d’incidences biographiques que génère ce type de militantisme et, d’autre part, les possibles rétributions symboliques qui y sont attachées, cet article tentera donc de comprendre comment rétributions et désagréments attachés à cet engagement prennent sens en fonction des trajectoires et des socialisations militantes.
Engagement et construction de soi. La carrière d'émancipation d'un permanent communiste
Authors: Leclercq Catherine 
Published: January 2012

L’analyse de la construction identitaire des individus dans les organisations offre un prolongement à la recherche sur les rétributions du militantisme, laquelle s’est encore peu intéressée aux transformations de l’image de soi et aux logiques d’émancipation qui sont à l’œuvre dans les carrières militantes. S’il est vrai que l’engagement agit en permanence sur la perception de soi, ce « travail de l’identité » conditionne en retour le rapport au rôle militant, parfois dans le sens d’une réflexivité critique génératrice de défection. L’étude des « carrières du désengagement » permet de cerner les mécanismes de ce processus et d’éclairer la question des incidences biographiques du militantisme sous l’angle de la modification, dans et par l’engagement , des déterminants objectifs et subjectifs qui l’avaient initialement rendu possible. Cette réflexion, qui s’appuie sur le cas d’un ancien permanent du Parti communiste français, montre comment les ressources accumulées pendant une phase d’investissement total peuvent « se retourner » contre l’engagement en produisant les conditions d’un accomplissement individuel hors l’institution.
MODULATING EFFECT OF THE −158 GΓ (C→T) XMN-1 POLYMORPHISM IN INDIAN SICKLE CELL PATIENTS
Authors: Pandey Sanjay , Pandey Sweta , Mishra Rahasya Mani , Saxena Renu 
Published: January 2012

Xmn-1 polymorphism is a known factor, which increases fetal haemoglobin production. Among the inherited disorders of blood, thalassaemia and SCD constitutes a major bulk of genetic diseases in India. Our aim was to verify the role of the Xmn I polymorphism as a modulating factor in sickle cell patients and frequency of the polymorphism in Indian sickle cell patients. Subjects were 60 sickles homozygous and 75 sickle beta thalassemia patients. 5 ml blood samples collected from patients. Screening of sickle patients done by HPLC. An automated cell analyzer SYSMEX (K-4500 Model) used to analyze the CBC of patients.Xmn1 polymorphism analysis done by PCR-RFLP and Statistical analysis was performed on GraphPad static’s software. t test applied to compare the means amongst group. Among the sickle homozygous 27 were heterozygous (+/-) and 19 were homozygous (+/+) while 30 were heterozygous and 24 were homozygous in sickle β-thalassemia patients. Extremely significant differences (p-value <0.001) of hematological parameters seen among patient with xmn-1 carrier and without the xmn-1 carrier. In our cases the clinical symptom less frequent and higher HbF level with Xmn-1 carriers. Presence of Xmn-1 polymorphism in sickle patients with higher HbF that improve phenotypic presentation in the sickle cell patients. We conclude that the phenotype of Indian sickle cell patients influenced by Xmn-1 polymorphism.
Femtosecond Laser Photodisruptive Effects on the Posterior Human Corneal Stroma Investigated with Atomic Force Microscopy
Authors: Serrao Sebastiano , Lombardo Marco , De Santo Maria P. , Lombardo Giuseppe , Lomoriello Domenico Schiano , Ducoli Pietro , Stirpe Mario 
Published: January 2012

Purpose To analyze the effects of femtosecond laser pulses on the posterior human corneal stroma with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). Methods A femtosecond laser (IntraLase iFS, Abbott, USA) was programmed to create a full posterior lamellar dissection in 9 human corneal tissues, using 3 different pulse energies (1.00 µJ, 0.75 µJ, and 0.50 µJ). Three corneal tissues were prepared in a similar fashion using a mechanical microkeratome (Moria Evolution 3, Moria, France). Six corneal tissues received an 8.00-mm diameter full cylindrical resection using either the femtosecond laser or the Barron trephine (Katena Products Inc., USA). The posterior corneal lenticules were first examined at AFM (Autoprobe CP, Veeco, USA). Both the posterior lenticules and the trephined corneal samples were scanned by ESEM (FEI Quanta 400, USA). Results Granules and crater-like features were observed on the stromal interface of all the laser dissected tissues, likely due to a secondary thermal effect of femtosecond laser dissection. Collagen fibers were seen only on samples treated with the 0.50 µJ pulse energy. Images of an even stromal surface were observed on the posterior stroma of mechanically dissected corneal samples. Conclusions Mechanical and thermal effects, induced by femtosecond laser pulses on the human corneal stroma, were seen with AFM. Surface regularity of the photodisrupted stroma was inversely and non-linearly related to the pulse energy. The femtosecond laser provided high surface quality for lamellar resection of the posterior stroma comparable to those provided by mechanical devices.
Self Encapsulated Poly(3‐hexylthiophene)‐poly(fluorinated alkyl methacrylate) Rod‐Coil Block Copolymers with High Field Effect Mobilities on Bare SiO2
Authors: Liu Junying , Haynes Dahlia , Balliet Courtney , Zhang Rui , Kowalewski Tomasz , McCullough Richard D. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractConjugated rod‐coil block copolymers provide an interesting route towards enhancing the properties of the conjugated block due to self‐assembly and the interplay of rod‐rod and rod‐coil interactions. Here, we demonstrate the ability of an attached semi‐fluorinated block to significantly improve upon the charge carrier properties of regioregular poly(3‐hexyl thiophene) (rr‐P3HT) materials on bare SiO2. The thin film hole mobilities on bare SiO2 dielectric surfaces of poly (3‐hexyl thiophene)‐block‐polyfluoromethacrylates (P3HT‐b‐PFMAs) can approach up to 0.12 cm2 V−1 s−1 with only 33 wt% of the P3HT block incorporated in the copolymer, as compared to rr‐P3HT alone which typically has mobilities averaging 0.03 cm2 V−1 s−1. To our knowledge, this is the highest mobility reported in literature for block copolymers containing a P3HT. More importantly, these high hole mobilities are achieved without multistep OTS treatments, argon protection, or post‐annealing conditions. Grazing incidence wide‐angle x‐ray scattering (GIWAX) data revealed that in the P3HT‐b‐PFMA copolymers, the P3HT rod block self‐assembles into highly ordered lamellar structures, similar to that of the rr‐P3HT homopolymer. Grazing incidence small‐angle x‐ray scattering (GISAXS) data revealed that lamellar structures are only observed in perpendicular direction with short PFMA blocks, while lamellae in both perpendicular and parallel directions are observed in polymers with longer PFMA blocks. AFM, GIWAXS, and contact angle measurements also indicate that PFMA block assembles at the polymer thin film surface and forms an encapsulation layer. The high charge carrier mobilities and the hydrophobic surface of the block copolymer films clearly demonstrates the influence of the coil block segment on device performance by balancing the crystallization and microphase separation in the bulk morphological structure.
Evaluation of chitosan tripolyphosphate gel beads as bioadsorbents for iron in aqueous solution and in human blood in vitro
Authors: Yalinca Zulal , Yilmaz Elvan , Bullici Fatma Topal 
Published: January 2012

AbstractNonimprinted and Fe3+ imprinted chitosan tripolyphosphate gel beads were prepared via physical gel formation. A method based on in situ crosslinking using ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether was developed to imprint the chitosan tripolyphosphate gels with Fe3+ ion without deteriorating the gel beads. The beads were characterized by FTIR, SEM, XRD, and DSC with respect to the chemical structure, surface morphology, crystallinity, and thermal behavior. Swelling kinetics and Fe3+ ion adsorption behavior from aqueous solution were studied. The Fe3+ imprinted and in situ crosslinked beads proved to be durable and effective adsorbents for Fe3+ in solution. The bead prepared by in situ crosslinking and in the presence of 10 mM template ion had an equilibrium iron adsorption capacity of 53.9 mg/g after 3‐hour contact with 5 mM Fe3+ solution. The pros and cons of the beads as biomedical iron adsorbents were tested by evaluating their serum iron removal capacities from human blood. The preliminary tests carried out showed that Fe3+ imprinted beads were more effective in decreasing serum iron in human blood when compared to the nonimprinted beads. The decrease in serum iron level accompanied a parallel decrease in the hemoglobin level. The calcium level was also affected upon contact with the beads. The Fe3+ imprinted beads were less effective than the nonimprinted ones in decreasing the calcium level indicating selectivity towards iron containing species. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Waterborne polyurethane/poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes: Preparation, characterization, and potential application for pervaporation
Authors: Yao Lulu , Wu Cuiming , Yang Zhengjin , Qiu Wenqiong , Cui Peng , Xu Tongwen 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWaterborne polyurethane (PU) was prepared by the prepolymer mixing method with (3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane in different dosages as the modifier. Then, it was mixed with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to get waterborne PU/PVA blending membranes. The membranes showed phase separation with the aggregations of the waterborne PU particles in a continuous phase of PVA. The possible cause for the formation of such a membrane morphology is explained. The physicochemical properties of the membranes were characterized. As the PVA content increased, the membrane's swelling in water and the thermal stability decreased somehow, whereas the resistance to ethanol and the tensile strength were significantly improved. Membranes with higher alcohol resistance were chosen for the pervaporation separation of 80 wt % ethanol in water. The separation factor at 40°C reached 38.4, and the permeation flux was 128.0 g m−2 h−1. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012