bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A large intracardiac thrombus in a child with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Ekici Filiz , Çakar Nilgün 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIntracardiac thrombus is a rare complication of nephrotic syndrome in children, and only a few cases have been reported. We report the case of a 3.5-year-old child diagnosed with Henoch–Schönlein Purpura and steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome for 2 months. The patient had massive oedema but no cardiovascular instability. Echocardiography displayed a large thrombus within the right atrium and the patient was successfully managed with enoxoparine.
Myocardial infarction in a 17-year-old patient due to neurofibromatosis-associated coronary aneurysm
Authors: Evrengul Harun , Kilic Dogu I. , Zungur Mustafa , Alihanoglu Yusuf I. , Tanriverdi Halil 
Published: July 2012

AbstractNeurofibromatosis is an autosomal dominant multi-system genetic disorder. Extra-cardiac vascular manifestations of neurofibromatosis have been previously described in many reports. However, coronary arterial involvements have been rarely described. A 17-year-old girl with neurofibromatosis presented to our institute with subacute myocardial infarction. Coronary angiogram revealed an aneurysm with thrombus in the left anterior descending artery.
Influence of climate change on plant disease infections and epidemics caused by viruses and bacteria.
Authors: Jones R. A. C. , Barbetti M. J. 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
This review is motivated by (i) the magnitude of the threat to world food security and diversity of natural vegetation posed by viral and bacterial pathogens of plants at a time of accelerating climate change; and (ii) the inadequate attention given to this subject by earlier reviews on climate change and plant disease. It starts by providing background information on current climate change predictions, the increasing worldwide importance of viral and bacterial diseases, critical features of their pathosystems and the general influence of environmental factors upon them. It then develops comprehensive climatic and biological frameworks and uses them to determine the likely influences of direct and indirect climate change parameters on the many different host, vector and pathogen parameters that represent the diversity of viral and bacterial pathosystems. This approach proved a powerful way to identify the relevant international research data available and many information gaps where research is needed in the future. The analysis suggested that climate change is likely to modify many critical viral and bacterial epidemic components in different ways, often resulting in epidemic enhancement but sometimes having the opposite effect, depending on the type of pathosystem and circumstances. With vector-borne pathosystems and new encounter scenarios, the complication of having to consider the effects climate change parameters on diverse types of vectors and the emergence of previously unknown pathogens added important additional variables. The increasing difficulties in controlling damaging plant viral and bacterial epidemics predicted to arise from future climate instability warrants considerable research effort to safeguard world food security and biodiversity.
The function, social implications and management of barking in dogs.
Authors: Flint E. L. 
Published: July 2012

Abstract

The function and social significance of barking in domestic dogs (
Canis familiaris
) is still not fully understood. Barking is poorly tolerated by some people, is frequently identified by owners as problem behaviour, is cited as a reason for the relinquishment of dogs to animal shelters and is a common cause for complaint to authorities. It is as yet unclear why many humans find barking disturbing. Despite a recent increase in research in this area, further work is needed to achieve a greater understanding of the behaviour itself and its impact on society and to establish humane and effective strategies to manage and control this 'socially unacceptable' canine behaviour. This paper reviews information on the purpose of and factors influencing barking in domestic dogs, the possible reasons for its negative impact on humans and methods of control and management.
Runaway electron transport in turbulent and resonantly perturbed magnetic topologies of TEXTOR
Authors: Forster M. , Abdullaev S.S. , Finken K.H. , Kudyakov T. , Lehnen M. , Sewell G. , Willi O. , Xu Y. 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
The losses of runaway electrons due to magnetic perturbation fields are measured applying a scintillator probe during the flat top phases of purely ohmically heated low density discharges. The effects of well-defined amplitudes of the perturbation on the temporal evolution of the runaway losses and the spectral properties of the runaways are analyzed. The runaway transport towards the plasma edge is described by a model which takes magnetic turbulences and the magnetic perturbation field into account. Using an asymptotic theory, the orbits as well as radially and energy dependent transport coefficients for the runaways are calculated. A diffusion equation, which utilizes the coefficients, is solved delivering the density and the flux of the runaways. The model reproduces the measured enhancement of the runaway losses. Qualitatively different runaway spectra are found inside the plasma and at the edge. The spectra are explained by estimations of the competition between the secondary generation rate of the runaways and their radial diffusion. Thus, a self-consistent understanding of the temporal and spectral properties of the RE transport due to the resonant magnetic perturbation is achieved.
DanteR: an extensible R-based tool for quantitative analysis of -omics data
Authors: Taverner Tom , Karpievitch Yuliya V. , Polpitiya Ashoka D. , Brown Joseph N. , Dabney Alan R. , Anderson Gordon A. , Smith Richard D. 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
Motivation: The size and complex nature of mass spectrometry-based proteomics datasets motivate development of specialized software for statistical data analysis and exploration. We present DanteR, a graphical R package that features extensive statistical and diagnostic functions for quantitative proteomics data analysis, including normalization, imputation, hypothesis testing, interactive visualization and peptide-to-protein rollup. More importantly, users can easily extend the existing functionality by including their own algorithms under the Add-On tab.
Availability: DanteR and its associated user guide are available for download free of charge at http://omics.pnl.gov/software/. We have an updated binary source for the DanteR package up on our website together with a vignettes document. For Windows, a single click automatically installs DanteR along with the R programming environment. For Linux and Mac OS X, users must install R and then follow instructions on the DanteR website for package installation.
Contact: rds@pnnl.gov
Polymorphisms in the promoter region of the adiponectin (ADIPOQ) gene are presumably associated with transcription level and carcass traits in pigs
Authors: Cieslak J. , Flisikowska T. , Schnieke A. , Kind A. , Szydlowski M. , Switonski M. , Flisikowski K. 
Published: July 2012

SummaryThe main goal of this study was to screen for polymorphisms in the porcine adiponectin (ADIPOQ) gene promoter, analyse their influence on transcription and identify any association with production traits in pigs. A 1018‐bp region of the ADIPOQ gene promoter was analysed in 113 pigs, and seven novel polymorphisms found. Luciferase assays were performed in HEK293 (human embryonic kidney) cells and primary porcine adipose mesenchymal stem cells (pADMSCs) to investigate their affect on promoter activity. A 16‐bp indel (c.−106_−91delGCCAGGGGTGTGAGCC) was found to influence promoter strength in vitro. In the HEK293 cell line, the Del/Del genotype showed greater luciferase activity than did the Ins/Ins genotype (P < 0.01). In pADMSCs, the insertion genotype of the ADIPOQ promoter showed greater luciferase activity than did the deletion genotype (P < 0.01). An association study performed for two novel polymorphisms, c.−67G>A and the 16‐bp indel, showed significant correlation with loin measurements in Polish Landrace (P < 0.05) and synthetic line 990 (P < 0.01) pigs.
Resident strategies for making a life in a nursing home: a qualitative study
Authors: Brandburg Gloria L. , Symes Lene , Mastel‐Smith Beth , Hersch Gayle , Walsh Teresa 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAimTo identify strategies that older adults use to adapt to live in long‐term care.BackgroundThe use of long‐term care services has risen and this trend is expected to continue as the population reaches old age. Moving into a long‐term care setting has been documented internationally as an overwhelming life change for many older adults. It has been observed that residents adjust differently over time, but the basis for these differences needs further exploration.DesignA qualitative design using grounded theory method was employed.MethodsA total of in‐depth interviews were conducted in October 2008–February 2009 with a sample of 21 participants. Participants ranged in age from 65–93 years, 81% women and 19% men; mainly Caucasian with one African American and one Hispanic. Length of stay ranged from 3 days to over 9 years living in long‐term care so that all stages of adjustment were included in the study. Ground theory method was used to analyse the data.FindingsThe results of this study yielded 21 facilitative strategies. The core category identified was personal resiliency, which served as the underpinning for the strategies used by the participants. Strategies were identified in making the decision to move into long‐term care and in day‐to‐day living.ConclusionUnderstanding the strategies that facilitate residents to make a successful transition to long‐term care life will assist nurses to intervene in ways that are supportive. The strategies identified in this study may be used to develop interventions for residents that are having difficulty living in long‐term care. Further exploration of how resiliency has an impact on strategies used by residents is clinically relevant, but further research is needed.
Roy's adaptation model‐guided education for adaptation to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Akyil Rahşan Çevik , Ergüney Seher 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAimThis article is a report of the effects of Roy's adaptation model‐based patient education on physical and psychosocial adaptation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.BackgroundPatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease abound in Turkey, as they do worldwide. Patient education could help in the adaptation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to the disease, as it has with other long‐term diseases.DesignThe study adapted a quasi‐experimental design, with a comparison between an intervention group and a control group.MethodsSixty‐five patients with obstructive pulmonary disease participated in this study. The data were collected between December 2008–January 2010. The data collection tool comprised an adaptation of a Roy's adaptation model‐based evaluation form and perceived social support from family and friends scale. The intervention group received oral and written education based on Roy's adaptation model, while the control group received a routine follow‐up. Data were analysed with paired t‐test and analysis of covariance (ancova).FindingsThe results indicate that education given according to Roy's adaptation model increases adaptation to disease in three modes (physiologic, self‐concept and role‐function mode). In addition, taking into account interdependence mode as Roy's adaptation model's fourth mode, a statistically significant increase was observed in social support from friends but not from family.ConclusionThe more intervention for improving interpersonal support – especially perceived as coming from family – the more using Roy's adaptation model to educate patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease could benefit them to increase adaptation to the disease.
A thematic analysis of causes attributed to weight gain: a female slimmer’s perspective
Authors: Sawkill S. , Sparkes E. , Brown K. 
Published: July 2012

How to cite this article  Sawkill S., Sparkes E. & Brown K. (2012) A thematic analysis of causes attributed to weight gain: a female slimmer’s perspective. J Hum Nutr Diet. 26, 78–84AbstractBackground:  Obesity prevalence has shown a marked increase in recent years. Strategies designed to manage the trend are not always effective in the long term. This qualitative study investigated perceived causes of weight gain in a group of female slimmer’s. Understanding beliefs about the causes of a problem can help explain behaviour and find solutions. It is therefore justified and timely to explore beliefs about causes of weight gain.Methods:  A group of 11 (adult) slimmer’s were interviewed using a semi‐structured approach, and the data obtained were analysed thematically.Results:  Four main themes were identified; importance of habits, influence of learning early models about the world through food, eating beyond feeling full and use of food as therapy.Conclusions:  Behavioural causes were given to explain weight gain, perceived to be mediated by modern lifestyles or changes in circumstances. In addition, beliefs about food and its function related to personal history or childhood experience, which subsequently were used negatively in adulthood. The potential contributions of these findings for practice are explored.
Four chromosome replication origins in the archaeon Pyrobaculum calidifontis
Authors: Pelve Erik A. , Lindås Ann‐Christin , Knöppel Anna , Mira Alex , Bernander Rolf 
Published: July 2012

SummaryReplication origins were mapped in hyperthermophilic crenarchaea, using high‐throughput sequencing‐based marker frequency analysis. We confirm previous origin mapping in Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, and demonstrate that the single chromosome of Pyrobaculum calidifontis contains four replication origins, the highest number detected in a prokaryotic organism. The relative positions of the origins in both organisms coincided with regions enriched in highly conserved (core) archaeal genes. We show that core gene distribution provides a useful tool for origin identification in archaea, and predict multiple replication origins in a range of species. One of the P. calidifontis origins was mapped in detail, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated binding of the Cdc6/Orc1 replication initiator protein to a repeated sequence element, denoted Orb‐1, within the origin. The high‐throughput sequencing approach also allowed for an annotation update of both genomes, resulting in the restoration of open reading frames encoding proteins involved in, e.g., sugar, nitrate and energy metabolism, as well as in glycosylation and DNA repair.
Mechanisms of in vitro resistance to dihydroartemisinin in Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Cui Long , Wang Zenglei , Miao Jun , Miao Miao , Chandra Ramesh , Jiang Hongying , Su Xin‐zhuan , Cui Liwang 
Published: July 2012

SummaryThe recent reports of artemisinin (ART) resistance in the Thai–Cambodian border area raise a serious concern on the long‐term efficacy of ARTs. To elucidate the resistance mechanisms, we performed in vitro selection with dihydroartemisinin (DHA) and obtained two parasite clones from Dd2 with more than 25‐fold decrease in susceptibility to DHA. The DHA‐resistant clones were more tolerant of stressful growth conditions and more resistant to several commonly used antimalarial drugs than Dd2. The result is worrisome as many of the drugs are currently used as ART partners in malaria control. This study showed that the DHA resistance is not limited to ring stage, but also occurred in trophozoites and schizonts. Microarray and biochemical analyses revealed pfmdr1 amplification, elevation of the antioxidant defence network, and increased expression of many chaperones in the DHA‐resistant parasites. Without drug pressure, the DHA‐resistant parasites reverted to sensitivity in approximately 8 weeks, accompanied by de‐amplification of pfmdr1 and reduced antioxidant activities. The parallel decrease and increase in pfmdr1 copy number and antioxidant activity and the up and down of DHA sensitivity strongly suggest that pfmdr1 and antioxidant defence play a role in in vitro resistance to DHA, providing potential molecular markers for ART resistance.
Drought resistance in early and late secondary successional species from a tropical dry forest: the interplay between xylem resistance to embolism, sapwood water storage and leaf shedding
Authors: PINEDA‐GARCÍA FERNANDO , PAZ HORACIO , MEINZER FREDERICK C. 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTThe mechanisms of drought resistance that allow plants to successfully establish at different stages of secondary succession in tropical dry forests are not well understood. We characterized mechanisms of drought resistance in early and late‐successional species and tested whether risk of drought differs across sites at different successional stages, and whether early and late‐successional species differ in resistance to experimentally imposed soil drought. The microenvironment in early successional sites was warmer and drier than in mature forest. Nevertheless, successional groups did not differ in resistance to soil drought. Late‐successional species resisted drought through two independent mechanisms: high resistance of xylem to embolism, or reliance on high stem water storage capacity. High sapwood water reserves delayed the effects of soil drying by transiently decoupling plant and soil water status. Resistance to soil drought resulted from the interplay between variations in xylem vulnerability to embolism, reliance on sapwood water reserves and leaf area reduction, leading to a tradeoff of avoidance against tolerance of soil drought, along which successional groups were not differentiated. Overall, our data suggest that ranking species' performance under soil drought based solely on xylem resistance to embolism may be misleading, especially for species with high sapwood water storage capacity.
Assessing Short‐ and Long‐Term Repeatability and Stability of Personality in Captive Zebra Finches Using Longitudinal Data
Authors: David Morgan , Auclair Yannick , Cézilly Frank 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAssessing behavioural consistency is crucial to understand the evolution of personality traits. In the present study, we examined the short‐ and long‐term repeatability and stability of two unrelated personality traits – exploratory tendencies and struggling rate – using captive female zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata). We performed two experimental sessions of behavioural tests with a 7‐mo interval, which represents up to one quarter of a zebra finch's life expectancy. We showed that, overall, exploratory tendencies and struggling rate were significantly repeatable in the short term. However, only exploratory tendencies were repeatable in the long term. We found interindividual differences in short‐term stability of exploratory tendencies, but not struggling rate, providing evidence for differences in intraindividual variability. In the long term, struggling rate significantly decreased between the two experimental sessions, whereas exploratory tendencies remained stable. Finally, the amount of interindividual variation measured at both sessions did not differ. Our results suggest that short‐ and long‐term repeatability and stability of personality may vary between individuals, depending on the behavioural trait under scrutiny. As a consequence, deducing personality from measures realized earlier in a subject's life should be performed with caution. We discuss the implications of inter‐ and intraindividual variation in personality consistency on individual fitness.
Drought‐induced shifts in the floristic and functional composition of tropical forests in Ghana
Authors: Fauset Sophie , Baker Timothy R. , Lewis Simon L. , Feldpausch Ted R. , Affum‐Baffoe Kofi , Foli Ernest G. , Hamer Keith C. , Swaine Michael D. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe future of tropical forests under global environmental change is uncertain, with biodiversity and carbon stocks at risk if precipitation regimes alter. Here, we assess changes in plant functional composition and biomass in 19 plots from a variety of forest types during two decades of long‐term drought in Ghana. We find a consistent increase in dry forest, deciduous, canopy species with intermediate light demand and a concomitant decrease in wet forest, evergreen, sub‐canopy and shade‐tolerant species. These changes in composition are accompanied by an increase in above‐ground biomass. Our results indicate that by altering composition in favour of drought‐tolerant species, the biomass stocks of these forests may be more resilient to longer term drought than short‐term studies of severe individual droughts suggest.
Tear production in canine neonates – evaluation using a modified Schirmer tear test
Authors: da Silva Enry Garcia , Sandmeyer Lynne S. , Gionfriddo Juliet R. , Montiani‐Ferreira Fabiano , Galera Paula D. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractPurpose  The ability of human newborns to produce tears has been a subject of controversy in the literature since the mid‐20th century, and there has been considerable debate as to whether they are able to produce tears. Recently, it was established that total tear secretion (reflex + basal) in full‐term infants is similar to those of adults whereas both reflex and basal tear production is reduced in premature babies. The objectives of this study were to assess whether newborn dogs have measurable aqueous tear production at the fourth week of life and to evaluate a modified Schirmer tear test (mSTT) as a useful method for measuring neonatal tear production in dogs.Methods  Thirty four‐week‐old healthy puppies from six litters were evaluated. A control group was composed of 10 normal adult dogs. The mSTT strips were obtained by cutting a 5 mm‐wide strip in half (making two 2.5 mm‐wide strips). The mSTT1 was performed in puppies and adult dogs. Values were compared using t‐tests.Results  In neonates, the average value for the mSTT1 was 13.6 ± 3.07 (range = 7–19 mm/min), which was significantly lower in neonates than in adult dogs (23.25 ± 3.5, range = 17–30 mm/min, P < 0.0001).Conclusions  Canine neonates do produce tears by the fourth week of life, which can be successfully measured with the mSTT. This report established for the first time that canine neonates have significantly reduced total (reflex + basal) tear secretion compared to adults.
Suspected brainstem anesthesia following retrobulbar block in a cat
Authors: Oliver James A. C. , Bradbrook Carl A. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA 10‐year‐old, male, neutered, domestic shorthair cat was anesthetised for enucleation of a perforated left globe. A retrobulbar injection of local anesthetic (lidocaine/bupivacaine) was performed prior to surgery to provide intra‐ and postoperative analgesia. Following administration of the injection, the cat developed apnea and heart rate increased. Mechanical ventilation was initiated and surgery went ahead as planned. At the conclusion of surgery, the cat remained apnoeic requiring positive pressure ventilation until spontaneous ventilatory effort resumed. Upon recovery, the cat demonstrated neurological signs including tremors, nystagmus and absent dazzle reflex. These signs were attributed to brainstem anesthesia from the retrobulbar block and fully resolved within 3 h. This is the first report of suspected intrathecal spread of local anesthetic following retrobulbar block in a cat to the authors’ knowledge.