bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution by adsorption onto zeolite synthesized from coal fly ash and its thermal regeneration
Authors: Sun Zhi , Li Chunjie , Wu Deyi 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: The removal of cationic dyes from wastewater is of great importance. Three zeolites synthesized from coal fly ashes (ZFAs) were investigated as adsorbents to remove methylene blue (MB), a cationic dye, from aqueous solutions. Experiments were conducted using the batch adsorption technique under different conditions of initial dye concentration, adsorbent dose, solution pH, and salt concentration.RESULTS: The adsorption isotherm data of MB on ZFAs were fitted well to the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacities of MB by the three ZFAs, calculated using the Langmuir equation, ranged from 23.70 to 50.51 mg g−1. The adsorption of MB by ZFA was essentially due to electrostatic forces. The measurement of zeta potential indicated that ZFA had a lower surface charge at alkaline pH, resulting in enhanced removal of MB with increasing pH. MB was highly competitive compared with Na+, leading to only a < 6% reduction in adsorption in the presence of NaCl up to 1.0 mol L−1. Regeneration of used ZFA was achieved by thermal treatment. In this study, 90–105% adsorption capacity of fresh ZFA was recovered by heating at 450 °C for 2 h.CONCLUSION: The experimental results suggest that ZFA could be employed as an adsorbent in the removal of cationic dyes from wastewater, and the adsorptive ability of used ZFA can be recovered by thermal treatment. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Design and characterization of a one‐compartment scale‐down system for simulating dissolved oxygen tension gradients
Authors: León‐Rodríguez Antonio De , Galindo Enrique , Ramírez Octavio T. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: A laboratory scale one‐compartment scale‐down system (1‐CSDS), used to generate dissolved oxygen tension (DOT) gradients was designed and characterized. The system consists of a 1.5‐L stirred‐tank bioreactor coupled to an automatic DOT controller that changes the oxygen partial pressure in the inlet gas through a feedback proportional–integral–derivative algorithm, while maintaining the hydrodynamic conditions constant. Oscillatory control of DOT was achieved by employing time‐dependent square wave or sinusoidal setpoints.RESULTS: The 1‐CSDS can be modeled as a first‐order dynamic system, but showing a permanent lag between the system response and the setpoint. The 1‐CSDS had a faster response rate for generating oscillating DOT when a square wave setpoint was used rather than a sinusoidal setpoint. The 1‐CSDS generated symmetric DOT oscillations at periods above of 100 s.CONCLUSION: The 1‐CSDS is suited to investigate the responses of microorganisms and cells, of biotechnological importance, to oscillatory DOT conditions. It was found that the response of the 1‐CSDS was limited by the kLa. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
An unusual growth of ovarian cystic teratoma with multiple floating balls during pregnancy: A case report
Authors: Altinbas Sadiman Kiykac , Yalvac Serdar , Kandemir Omer , Altinbas Namik Kemal , Karcaaltincaba Deniz , Dede Hulya , Demir Omer Faruk 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe report a case of ovarian cystic teratoma with an important growth during pregnancy and the sonographic appearance of intracystic multiple, mobile, polygonal structures called intracystic “fat balls.” Due to the rapid growth of the lesion, which exceeded 15 cm in diameter, a right oophorectomy was performed. Histopathologic diagnosis confirmed the mature cystic teratoma. The presence of floating balls composed of keratin and fat is rarely seen but is pathognomonic of mature cystic teratomas. Growth of a teratoma during pregnancy is a rare condition. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2010
Multiparametric assessment of the anti‐glioma properties of OKN007 by magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Garteiser Philippe , Doblas Sabrina , Watanabe Yasuko , Saunders Debbie , Hoyle Jessica , Lerner Megan , He Ting , Floyd Robert A. , Towner Rheal A. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPurpose:To demonstrate that OKN007, a disulfonyl derivative of phenyl‐tert‐butyl nitrone (PBN), has anti‐glioma activity in the clinically relevant C6 rat glioma model using multi‐parametric magnetic resonance imaging.Materials and Methods:Twenty‐one rats were intracerebrally implanted with C6 cells and administered OKN007 or kept as controls. Animals were monitored with MRI at 7 Tesla (T), using morphologic, diffusion‐weighted and perfusion imaging, followed by histology and Western blots of angiogenesis and inflammatory markers.Results:OKN007 was found to decrease tumor volumes and increase survival. The glioma tissues of OKN007‐treated rats were found to have longitudinal apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCz) of 0.76 ± 0.06 × 10−3 mm2/s, similar to the contralateral tissue and significantly smaller than untreated gliomas (0.97 ± 0.13 × 10−3 mm2/s). They had higher perfusion rates (66 ± 4 mL/100 g·min) than untreated gliomas (26 ± 7 mL/100 g·min). All examined molecular markers were decreased in OKN007‐treated rat gliomas, compared with elevated levels in untreated rats.Conclusion:MRI assessment was successfully used to monitor a decrease in tumor growth, and corresponding alterations in ADC and perfusion rates in rat C6 gliomas treated with the anti‐glioma agent, OKN007. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:796–806. ©2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Seasonal change of soil moisture in Mongolia: its climatology and modelling
Authors: Nandintsetseg Banzragch , Shinoda Masato 
Published: March 2010

AbstractMongolia has an arid and cold climate due to its geographical settings of inland and mid‐latitude highlands. The soil moisture varies seasonally, depending mainly on the balance of precipitation and evapotranspiration as well as on winter soil‐freezing and spring snowmelt. Soil moisture climatology (1986–2005) for Mongolia is presented with a focus on three vegetation zones: the forest steppe, steppe, and Gobi Desert. For this purpose, we used soil moisture observations based on the gravimetric method for the top 50‐cm soil layer from 26 grass‐covered field sites during April–October of the 20‐year period. In general, there was a latitudinal gradient in soil moisture content, with the southwestern soils being drier than northeastern soils. The seasonal change in soil moisture was small and the seasonal pattern was similar throughout Mongolia. The seasonality was characterised by three major phases of the warm season: the spring drying, summer recharge, and autumn drying phases, although each phase differed somewhat in timing and length between zones. In the northernmost forest steppe zone, the recharge phase was longer than that in the southern steppe and Gobi Desert zones, while the two drying phases were shorter in the forest steppe zone. This difference had a significant effect on the plant phenological timings of Stipa spp.; these were earlier in the forest steppe zone and later in the Gobi Desert zone. A simple water balance model was developed to examine the observed soil moisture dynamics, which implicitly simulated snow accumulation and soil freezing. The model simulated the observed seasonal and inter‐annual soil moisture variations reasonably well (r = 0.75, p < 0.05). The results demonstrated that the three phases of seasonal change were produced by a subtle balance between precipitation and evapotranspiration. This model will provide a useful tool for a reliable and timely monitoring of agricultural drought for decision‐makers and herders in Mongolia. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Forgery detection on an Arabic illuminated manuscript by micro‐Raman and X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy
Authors: Duran A. , Franquelo M. L. , Centeno M. A. , Espejo T. , Perez‐Rodriguez J. L. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAn Arabic manuscript, supposed to be from the 14th century, was investigated and its components (pigments and dyestuffs) characterised using micro‐Raman and X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, the latter employing a portable XRF/X‐ray diffraction (XRD) system. The presence of anatase, rutile, calcite, barite, zinc oxide, carbon black, vermilion, hematite, goethite, β‐naphthol, copper phthalocyanine, pigmosol green and a brass‐based pigment was detected in the different zones of the illuminated manuscript. The detection of titanium oxides, barite and organic synthetic colourants such as β‐naphthol and copper phthalocyanine and derived compounds provides indisputable indication of forging, repainting or retouching after the 19th century in the image of the manuscript. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Imitation in patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome—A behavioral study
Authors: Jonas Melanie , Thomalla Götz , Biermann‐Ruben Katja , Siebner Hartwig Roman , Müller‐Vahl Kirsten , Bäumer Tobias , Gerloff Christian , Schnitzler Alfons , Orth Michael , Münchau Alexander 
Published: March 2010

AbstractEchophenomena in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) may relate to deficient processing of observed biological movements. This would be reflected in altered effects of movement observation on motor responses in these patients. We studied reaction times in 11 unmedicated GTS patients without psychiatric comorbidity and healthy subjects. In experiment 1, participants imitated single biological finger movement stimuli or nonbiological dot movement stimuli immediately. In experiment 2, participants responded to a tone while viewing biological or nonbiological movement stimuli that were either compatible (identical) or incompatible (different) with their response. In experiment 1, both patients and healthy subjects responded faster to single biological than to nonbiological stimuli. In experiment 2, biological stimuli caused a larger compatibility‐effect in responses than nonbiological stimuli in both groups, provided stimulus presentation and response initiation coincided. Healthy subjects responded faster to compatible biological than nonbiological stimuli. In contrast, GTS patients responded slower to incompatible biological than nonbiological stimuli. Patients' mean reaction time in experiment 2 correlated with phonic tic‐frequency. Motor facilitation by observing biological movements appears to rely on concomitance of stimuli and responses in GTS patients and healthy individuals. Differing behavioral effects of movement observation in GTS might reflect altered activation of an action observation–execution matching system. To avoid unwanted movements GTS patients probably have to inhibit motor activation induced by observed movement automatically. Thus, movement stimuli may facilitate similar motor responses less but interfere more with different responses in these patients. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society.
Enlarged hyperechogenic substantia nigra is related to motor performance and olfaction in the elderly
Authors: Berg Daniela , Seppi Klaus , Liepelt Inga , Schweitzer Katherine , Wollenweber Frank , Wolf Björn , Dillmann Ulrich , Stockner Heike , Godau Jana , Kiechl Stefan , Gaenslen Alexandra , Willeit Johann , Santo Adriana Di , Maetzler Walter , Gasser Thomas , Poewe Werner , Behnke Stefanie 
Published: March 2010

AbstractEnlarged substantia nigra hyperechogenicity (SN+) assessed by transcranial sonography (TCS) may be associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) risk markers such as impaired motor performance and hyposmia. The aim of this multicenter cross‐sectional study was to define the association between SN+ and these risk markers in a large population older than 50 years without the diagnosis of PD. In three centers (Tuebingen, Homburg, and Innsbruck), 1,839 individuals were examined. The echostatus of the SN was assessed by TCS, motor performance by the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor score, and olfactory function with Sniffin' Sticks. From the 1,603 subjects included in the analysis, 16.2% were SN+, 23.0% scored above zero in the UPDRS motor section, and 28.0% were hyposmic as defined by less than 75% correctly classified Sniffin' Sticks. SN+ was associated with a UPDRS motor score above zero (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.08–1.96) and with a lower odor identification capability (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.12–1.96). The combination of these two features (OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.25–3.15) and UPDRS motor scores ≥3 lead to higher OR. It is concluded that SN+, impaired motor performance, and hyposmia are frequently observed in the elderly and in isolation are unspecific and of limited use to predict a subject's risk for PD. Whether the association of SN+ with both impaired motor performance and hyposmia as seen in this study predicts an increased risk for the development of PD needs to be evaluated in the follow‐up investigations. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Perfusion in free breast reconstruction flap zones assessed with positron emission tomography
Authors: Schrey Aleksi , Kinnunen Ilpo , Kalliokoski Kari , Minn Heikki , Grénman Reidar , Vahlberg Tero , Niemi Tarja , Suominen Erkki , Aitasalo Kalle 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe aim of this pilot study was to determine the postoperative blood perfusion (BFPET) and perfusion heterogeneity (BFPET HG) in free microvascular breast reconstruction flap zones with positron emission tomography (PET). Regional BFPET and BFPET HG of the adipose tissue in medial, central, and lateral parts of 13 free flaps were assessed on the first postoperative morning with PET using oxygen‐15‐labeled water ([15O]H2O) in 12 patients undergoing breast reconstruction with a deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) or a transverse rectus abdominis muscle (TRAM) flap. The mean BFPET values did not differ between DIEP and TRAM flaps (P = 0.791). The mean BFPET values were higher in zone III compared with zone I (P = 0.024). During follow‐up, fat necrosis was identified in three patients in the medial part (zone II) of the flap. However, the adipose tissue BFPET assessed on the first postoperative day from all zones of the flap using PET with radiowater was normal. The BFPET HG was higher in the control side (i.e., in the healthy breast tissue) compared with the flap (P = 0.042). The BFPET HG was lower in zone III than in zone I (P = 0.03) and in zone II (P < 0.001). In this pilot study, PET was used for the first time for studying the adipose tissue perfusion in different zones in free flaps in a clinical setup, finding that the mean BFPET values did not differ between DIEP and TRAM flaps, and that zone II was sometimes not as well perfused as zone III supporting revisited zone division. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 30:430–436, 2010.
On a mathematical model of dust coagulation in interstellar clouds
Authors: Borgioli Giovanni , Monaco Roberto 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe consider a kinetic model that takes into account the phenomena of coagulation of dust particles inside interstellar nebulae. After a detailed modeling of the system, the main aim of the paper consists in studying, for the proposed model, a Cauchy problem in an unbounded domain under rather general conditions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Acute and chronic effects of dietary fatty acids on cholecystokinin expression, storage and secretion in enteroendocrine STC‐1 cells
Authors: Hand Katharine V. , Bruen Christine M. , O'Halloran Fiona , Giblin Linda , Green Brian D. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractCholecystokinin (CCK) is a peptide hormone secreted from the I‐cells of the intestine and it has important physiological actions related to appetite regulation and satiety. In this study we used STC‐1 cells to investigate the effects of common dietary‐derived fatty acids (FAs) on I‐cell secretory function and metabolism. We extend earlier studies by measuring the acute and chronic effects of 11 FAs on CCK secretion, cellular CCK content, CCK mRNA levels, cellular DNA synthesis, cellular viability and cytotoxicity. FAs were selected in order to assess the importance of chain length, degree of saturation, and double bond position and conformation. The results demonstrate that secretory responses elicited by dietary FAs are highly selective. For example, altering the conformation of a double bond from cis to trans (i.e. oleic acid versus elaidic acid) completely abolishes CCK secretion. Lauric acid appears to adversely affect I‐cell metabolism and arachidonic acid suppresses DNA synthesis. Our studies reveal for the first time that conjugated linoleic acid isoforms are particularly potent CCK secretagogues, which also boost intracellular stores of CCK. These actions of conjugated linoleic acid may explain satiating actions observed in dietary intervention studies.
On the stability and convergence of a Galerkin reduced order model (ROM) of compressible flow with solid wall and far‐field boundary treatment
Authors: Kalashnikova I. , Barone M. F. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA reduced order model (ROM) based on the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD)/Galerkin projection method is proposed as an alternative discretization of the linearized compressible Euler equations. It is shown that the numerical stability of the ROM is intimately tied to the choice of inner product used to define the Galerkin projection. For the linearized compressible Euler equations, a symmetry transformation motivates the construction of a weighted L2 inner product that guarantees certain stability bounds satisfied by the ROM. Sufficient conditions for well‐posedness and stability of the present Galerkin projection method applied to a general linear hyperbolic initial boundary value problem (IBVP) are stated and proven. Well‐posed and stable far‐field and solid wall boundary conditions are formulated for the linearized compressible Euler ROM using these more general results. A convergence analysis employing a stable penalty‐like formulation of the boundary conditions reveals that the ROM solution converges to the exact solution with refinement of both the numerical solution used to generate the ROM and of the POD basis. An a priori error estimate for the computed ROM solution is derived, and examined using a numerical test case. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Limit analysis of plates and slabs using a meshless equilibrium formulation
Authors: Le Canh V. , Gilbert Matthew , Askes Harm 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA meshless Element‐Free Galerkin (EFG) equilibrium formulation is proposed to compute the limit loads which can be sustained by plates and slabs. In the formulation pure moment fields are approximated using a moving least‐squares technique, which means that the resulting fields are smooth over the entire problem domain. There is therefore no need to enforce continuity conditions at interfaces within the problem domain, which would be a key part of a comparable finite element formulation. The collocation method is used to enforce the strong form of the equilibrium equations and a stabilized conforming nodal integration scheme is introduced to eliminate numerical instability problems. The combination of the collocation method and the smoothing technique means that equilibrium only needs to be enforced at the nodes, and stable and accurate solutions can be obtained with minimal computational effort. The von Mises and Nielsen yield criteria which are used in the analysis of plates and slabs, respectively, are enforced by introducing second‐order cone constraints, ensuring that the resulting optimization problem can be solved using efficient interior‐point solvers. Finally, the efficacy of the procedure is demonstrated by applying it to various benchmark plate and slab problems. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adaptive generalized mathematical homogenization framework for nanostructured materials
Authors: Fish Jacob , Li Aiqin , Yavari Fazel 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe present an adaptive generalized mathematical homogenization (AGMH) framework for modeling nanostructured materials with evolving defects at a finite temperature. By this approach molecular dynamics model is employed in the vicinity of defects whereas constitutive equation‐free continuum model is used away from the defects. The proposed framework consists of the following salient features: (i) a constitutive law‐free cohesive element whose behavior is modeled by the atomistic representative volume element (ARVE) and (ii) a dislocation detection band embedded in the ARVE aimed at detecting dislocations passing from or into the interior of the nanograins. These features of the model are critical to studying deformation of nanocrystals where only a small portion of the problem domain requires molecular resolution. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Output feedback control for stochastic Markovian jumping systems via sliding mode design
Authors: Chen Bei , Niu Yugang , Huang Heqing 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis paper deals with the output feedback sliding mode control for stochastic Markovian jumping systems with unmeasured states. A state observer is constructed to estimate the unmeasured states. And then, a state estimate‐based sliding mode controller is designed such that the sliding mode in the estimation space can be attained in finite time. Sufficient conditions are derived such that the sliding motions on the specified sliding surfaces are asymptotically stable in probability. It is noted that some specified matrices are introduced such that the connections among the designed sliding surfaces corresponding to every mode are established. Moreover, the present sliding mode controller including the transition rates of modes can cope with the effect of Markovian switching. Finally, a simulation example is shown to illustrate the proposed method. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Use of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs and risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in the Australian veteran community
Authors: Mangoni Arduino A. , Woodman Richard J. , Gilbert Andrew L. , Knights Kathleen M. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPurposeStudies on the risk of stroke in users of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have provided conflicting results. We studied the association between the use of non‐selective ns‐NSAIDs, selective COX‐2 inhibitors, or either of these NSAIDs, and the incidence of stroke‐related hospitalization in elderly subjects.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective nested case‐control study on Australian veterans using nationwide hospital admission and pharmacy dispensing data. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to estimate both crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the risk of events for three different measures of prescription supply exposure over the last 2 years; (1) whether supplied at least once; (2) supply frequency: supplied more than twice within the last 30 days, once or twice within the last 30 days, or once or more within 30 days to 2 years; and (3) total supplies.ResultsThere was a trend toward a reduced risk of ischemic stroke with any NSAID (OR 0.95, 95%CI 0.89–1.00) if supplied at least once within the last 2 years and a mildly reduced risk in those supplied any NSAID once or twice within the last 30 days (OR 0.89, 95%CI 0.81–0.98). Use of either ns‐NSAIDs or selective COX‐2 inhibitors were not associated with a significant change in risk.ConclusionsThe use of any NSAIDs is not associated with an increase in the risk of ischemic stroke in Australian veterans. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.