bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydration and Dehydration Periods of Crown Fragments Prior to Reattachment
Authors: Shirani F , Malekipour MR , Manesh V Sakhaei , Aghaei F 
Published: March 2012

SUMMARYIntroductionTooth fragment bonding is an excellent treatment option in dealing with traumatic injuries of the anterior teeth. Rewetting the tooth fragment has been shown to increase restoration durability. The present study examined the effect various dry and wet storage periods had on the reattached fragment's bond to the tooth.Materials and MethodsOne hundred and eight human mandibular incisors were fractured and assigned to undergo a dehydration period of 30 minutes, six hours, 24 hours, or three days before the rewetting procedure. After fracturing the teeth and drying the fragments, each of the specimens was assigned to one of the three main groups (A, B, or C) intended to evaluate the effect of different rehydration periods. Groups A and B underwent a 30-minute and a 24-hour rewetting period, respectively. Group C served as a control (without a rewetting stage). Tooth fragments were then reattached and prepared for the strength test. Force was applied on the lingual side of the tooth at a 1 mm/min rate until failure.ResultsThe mean loads (N) required to fracture the restored teeth were as follows: 204.43 ± 33.48 N, 322.59 ± 34.62 N, and 253.25 ± 29.05 N for groups A, B, and C, respectively. Two-way analysis of variance (p&lt;0.05) showed that rehydration and dehydration periods as well as their interaction caused significant differences in the strength of the final restoration. Multiple comparison tests showed that, in general, significant differences were not seen among different dehydration times prior to the rewetting stage (p&gt;0.05), except in the case of the 30-minute dehydrated specimens (p&lt;0.05).ConclusionCompared to a 30-minute period, a 24-hour rehydration of the tooth fragment before treatment seems to salvage enough moisture to result in an increase in reattachment strength.
Sensors and Systems for the Detection of Explosive Devices - An Overview
Authors: Bielecki Zbigniew , Janucki Jacek , Kawalec Adam , Mikołajczyk Janusz , Pałka Norbert , Pasternak Mateusz , Pustelny Tadeusz , Stacewicz Tadeusz , Wojtas Jacek 
Published: March 2012

Sensors and Systems for the Detection of Explosive Devices - An Overview
The paper presents analyses of current research projects connected with explosive material sensors. Sensors are described assigned to X and γ radiation, optical radiation sensors, as well as detectors applied in gas chromatography, electrochemical and chemical sensors. Furthermore, neutron techniques and magnetic resonance devices were analyzed. Special attention was drawn to optoelectronic sensors of explosive devices.
Hydrogeologic and Hydraulic Conditions of Old Mine Workings of the Former Jeroným Mine / Hydrogeologické A Hydraulické Poměry Starých Důlních Děl Bývalého Dolu Jeroným
Authors: Grmela Arnošt , Žůrek Petr , Kukutsch Radovan , Kořínek Robert 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
The Jeroným Mine, situated in the locality of the Slavkovský les Protected Landscape Area, is a unique heritage site associated with mining in the 15th and 16th centuries. To make this mine working accessible to the public, it is necessary in the first place to stabilize underground voids and to ensure such internal microclimatic conditions so that any degradation of the mine working and any hazard to workers performing restoration operations and later to visitors will not occur. The contribution deals with the factors conditioning and affecting the stability of this system of mine workings.
Neural Networks Usage in the Evaluation of European Union Cofinanced Projects
Authors: Grzeszczyk Tadeusz 
Published: March 2012

Neural Networks Usage in the Evaluation of European Union Cofinanced Projects
Research concerns the implementation of modern computing technologies in the evaluation of projects cofinanced by the European Union. Crucial element of this research is the enrichment of currently used evaluation methods with modern mechanisms basing on artificial intelligence. The article deals with the possibility analysis of neural networks usage in such applications.
It Systems Security Management in Migration Process
Authors: Pięta Sylwester 
Published: March 2012

It Systems Security Management in Migration Process
This paper looks at the issue of IT systems migration as well as problems related to security policy in migration processes. Problem of migration is viewed in a broad context of changes which occur during construction or modernization of an IT system. Migration projects were classified against the background of wide spectrum of informatization strategy issues and sources of threats to information security were pointed out. Also, guidelines for improvement of security in migration process were presented.
Effect of storage time and temperature on Poisson ratio of tomato fruit skin
Authors: Kuna-Broniowska I. , Gładyszewska B. , Ciupak A. 
Published: March 2012

Effect of storage time and temperature on Poisson ratio of tomato fruit skinThe results of studies investigating the effects of storage time and temperature on variations in Poisson ratio of the skin of two greenhouse tomato varieties - Admiro and Encore were presented. In the initial period of the study, Poisson ratio of the skin of tomato fruit cv. Admiro, stored at 13°C, varied between 0.7 and 0.8. After the successive 10 days of the experiment, it decreased to approximately 0.6 and was stabilized until the end of study. By contrast, the skin of tomatoes cv. Encore was characterized by lower values and lower variability of Poisson ratio in the range of 0.4 to 0.5 during storage. The examinations involving tomato fruit cv. Admiro stored at 21°C were completed after 12 days due to fruit softening and progressive difficulty with preparing analytical specimens. The value of Poisson ratio for both varieties stored at room temperature fluctuated throughout the experiment to approximate 0.5.
Implementing Black Box Warnings (BBWs) in Health Information Systems
Authors: Yang E. , Daghstani A. , Kaelber D. C. , Ikezuagu M. 
Published: March 2012

SummaryObjective: To develop a practical approach for implementing clinical decision support (CDS) for medication black box warnings (BBWs) into health information systems (HIS).Methods: We reviewed all existing medication BBWs and organized them into a taxonomy that identifies opportunities and challenges for implementing CDS for BBWs into HIS.Results: Of the over 400 BBWs that currently exist, they can be organized into 4 categories with 9 sub-categories based on the types of information contained in the BBWs, who should be notified, and potential actions to that could be taken by the person receiving the BBW. Informatics oriented categories and sub-categories of BBWs include – interactions (13%) (drug-drug (4%) and drug-diagnosis (9%)), testing (21%) (baseline (9%) and on-going (12%)), notifications (29%) (drug prescribers (7%), drug dispensers (2%), drug administrators (9%), patients (10%), and third parties (1%)), and non-actionable (37%). This categorization helps identify BBWs for which CDS can be easily implemented into HIS today (such as drug-drug interaction BBWs), those that cannot be easily implemented into HIS today (such as non-actionable BBWs), and those where advanced and/ or integrated HIS need to be in place to implement CDS for BBWs (such a drug dispensers BBWs).Conclusions: HIS have the potential to improve patient safety by implementing CDS for BBWs. A key to building CDS for BBWs into HIS is developing a taxonomy to serve as an organizing roadmap for implementation. The informatics oriented BBWs taxonomy presented here identified types of BBWs in which CDS can be implemented easily into HIS currently (a minority of the BBWs) and those types of BBWs where CDS cannot be easily implemented today (a majority of BBWs).
Distribution of three SNPs related to low bone mineral density in amerindian groups and mestizos from Mexico
Authors: Nuño‐Arana Ismael , Sahagún‐Núñez Valeria Del Rocío , Muñoz‐Valle José Francisco , Sandoval Lucila , Pinto‐Escalante Doris , Páez‐Riberos Luis Antonio , Lazalde Brissia , Maldonado‐González Montserrat , Rangel‐Villalobos Héctor 
Published: March 2012

AbstractObjectives:Some Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of several candidate genes have been associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk. As the genetic variability of such SNPs in Hispanic and Native American populations is scarce, we analyzed the three SNPs that have been related with bone mass disorders (Sp1, A163G, and BsmI) located in the genes of Type I Collagen (COL1A1), Osteoprotegerin (OPG), and Vitamin D receptor (VDR) in Mexican Mestizos (people resulting from post‐Columbian admixture) and five Amerindian populations.Methods:We genotyped these three SNPs by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) in 523 individuals from five Mexican Amerindian groups (Nahua, Maya, Purépecha, Tarahumara, and Huichol) and 227 western Mestizos (Jalisco state).Results:The modal allele was the same in all the six populations for Sp1‐COL1A1 (S > 77%), A163G‐OPG (A > 80%), and BsmI‐VDR (b > 62%). Genotype distribution was in Hardy‐Weinberg equilibrium in all SNPs/populations, excepting Sp1‐COL1A1 in the Purépecha group and BsmI‐VDR in Mestizo. In terms of the presumably Sp1‐COL1A1 risk allele to low BMD (allele “s”), the Purépecha group showed the highest allele (23%) and homozygous (14.5%) frequencies. If the role of this allele as a genetic predisposing factor to low BMD were confirmed, this would mean increased susceptibility of Purépechas with regard to Europeans (14.5 vs. 6.8%).Conclusions:This finding presumably could influence the genetic susceptibility to low BMD in Purépechas. For the SNPs, BsmI‐VDR and A163G‐OPG, relative homogeneity was observed among the Mexican populations analyzed here. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of cranial electrotherapy stimulation on resting state brain activity
Authors: Feusner Jamie D. , Madsen Sarah , Moody Teena D. , Bohon Cara , Hembacher Emily , Bookheimer Susan Y. , Bystritsky Alexander 
Published: March 2012

AbstractCranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) is a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)‐approved treatment for insomnia, depression, and anxiety consisting of pulsed, low‐intensity current applied to the earlobes or scalp. Despite empirical evidence of clinical efficacy, its mechanism of action is largely unknown. The goal was to characterize the acute effects of CES on resting state brain activity. Our primary hypothesis was that CES would result in deactivation in cortical and subcortical regions. Eleven healthy controls were administered CES applied to the earlobes at subsensory thresholds while being scanned with functional magnetic resonance imaging in the resting state. We tested 0.5‐ and 100‐Hz stimulation, using blocks of 22 sec “on” alternating with 22 sec of baseline (device was “off”). The primary outcome measure was differences in blood oxygen level dependent data associated with the device being on versus baseline. The secondary outcome measures were the effects of stimulation on connectivity within the default mode, sensorimotor, and fronto‐parietal networks. Both 0.5‐ and 100‐Hz stimulation resulted in significant deactivation in midline frontal and parietal regions. 100‐Hz stimulation was associated with both increases and decreases in connectivity within the default mode network (DMN). Results suggest that CES causes cortical brain deactivation, with a similar pattern for high‐ and low‐frequency stimulation, and alters connectivity in the DMN. These effects may result from interference from high‐ or low‐frequency noise. Small perturbations of brain oscillations may therefore have significant effects on normal resting state brain activity. These results provide insight into the mechanism of action of CES, and may assist in the future development of optimal parameters for effective treatment.
Sustainable Development of Electrical and Electronic Equipment: User‐driven Green Design for Cell Phones
Authors: Liao Chi‐Shun , Lou Kuo‐Ren , Gao Ching‐Tzu 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTCommunication and cooperation with consumers are key to sustainable development. This article considers the environmental and user benefits of producing a sustainable product design that enable users' involvement and encourages the use of sustainable products to enhance environmental value. Depending on users' sensitivity to ecodesign for energy‐related products, six environment evaluation criteria may structure their perceptions of cell phone attributes (monitor, panel, battery, shell, modeling, lens and fingerprint). Innovative methods are needed for effective communication, as well as to encourage consumer participation in designing sustainable products that satisfy their needs. The design of product attributes appears able to enhance the sustainable development of products, through users' awareness of various environmental characteristics. This study thus proposes a unique method to understand product design structures and make cell phone design decisions that feature individualized designs. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Full dates (day, month, year) should be used in population‐based cancer survival studies
Authors: Woods Laura M. , Rachet Bernard , Ellis Libby , Coleman Michel P. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractAccurate survival estimates are essential for monitoring cancer survival trends, for health care planning and for resource allocation. To obtain precise estimates of survival, full dates (day, month and year) rather than partial dates (month and year) are required. In some jurisdictions, however, cancer registries are constrained from providing full dates on the grounds of confidentiality. The bias resulting from the use of partial dates in the estimation and comparison of survival makes it impossible to determine precisely the differences in the risk of death from cancer between population groups or in successive calendar periods. Important operational arguments also exist against the use of incomplete dates for survival analysis, including increased workload for cancer registry staff and the introduction of avoidable complexity for quality control of survival data. Cancer survival is one of the most widely known outputs produced by population‐based cancer registries, and it is a crucial metric for the comparative effectiveness of health services. The bodies that set data access guidelines must take a more balanced view of the risks and benefits of using full dates for the estimation of cancer survival.
Development of polylactide and polyethylene vinyl acetate blends for the manufacture of vaginal rings
Authors: Mc Conville Christopher , Major Ian , Friend David R. , Clark Meredith R. , Woolfson A. David , Malcolm R. Karl 
Published: March 2012

AbstractVaginal rings are currently being investigated for delivery of HIV microbicides. However, vaginal rings are currently manufactured form hydrophobic polymers such as silicone elastomer and polyethylene vinyl acetate (PEVA), which do not permit release of hydrophilic microbicides such as the nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor tenofovir. Biodegradable polymers such as polylactide (PLA) may help increase release rates by controlling polymer degradation rather than diffusion of the drug through the polymer. However, biodegradable polymers have limited flexibility making them unsuitable for use in the manufacture of vaginal rings. This study demonstrates that by blending PLA and PEVA together it is possible to achieve a blend that has flexibility similar to native PEVA but also allows for the release of tenofovir. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.
Interatrial mechanical dyssynchrony shown by tissue doppler imaging during atrial flutter
Authors: Mori Shumpei , Tada Norio , Sakurai Mie , Suzuki Kenji , Takizawa Kaname , Ootomo Tatsushi , Mitsuoka Mikio , Ito Yuuko , Inoue Naoto , Meguro Taiichiro 
Published: March 2012

AbstractAlthough regular supraventricular tachycardia is traditionally classified on the basis of P‐wave morphology, diagnostic accuracy is limited to information obtained from surface electrocardiography. Intracardiac electrophysiology is a conclusive although invasive diagnostic method. We report a case of regular supraventricular tachycardia with a heart rate of 162 bpm. M‐mode echocardiography of the interatrial septum clarified both the atrial rate and the ventricular response ratio. Tissue Doppler M‐mode imaging demonstrated the delay between the posterior wall motion of the left and right atrium. Although it deserves further study, transthoracic echocardiography may provide useful information in addition to electrocardiography. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2012
All‐optical multi‐wavelength header recognition using superimposed Bragg gratings based correlators
Authors: Golmohammadi S. , Akbar Nejad V. , Abbasian K. , Rostami A. 
Published: March 2012

SUMMARYWe have demonstrated that an optical correlator, based on superimposed Bragg gratings, can be used as all‐optical multi‐wavelength header recognition in optical packet switching networks. The proposed correlator is composed of two superimposed gratings in conjunction with variable delay lines. These superimposed Bragg gratings are used to demultiplex and multiplex the wavelength components of multi‐wavelength header bit patterns. The variable delay lines create a wavelength profile that can be matched with any arbitrary bit patterns. Simulation results for all optical recognition of four‐bit patterns at 10 Gbps are reported. The results show that when the header bit pattern matches the wavelength profile of the correlator, the generated auto‐correlation function will include a high amplitude peak; otherwise, a cross‐correlation function with low amplitude peaks will be generated in the output of the correlator. Considering this idea, multi‐wavelength header is recognized by using all‐optical processing method. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A meshless technique employing radial basis functions to determine the electromagnetic fields near material interfaces in 2D and 3D
Authors: Gordon Richard K. , Hutchcraft Winn Elliott 
Published: March 2012

SUMMARYThis paper discusses the use of radial basis functions in the solution of partial differential equations. In particular, a convenient technique for implementing boundary conditions at material interfaces is presented. Solutions that are obtained using this technique are compared with analytic solutions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic change of numbl expression after sciatic nerve crush and its role in Schwann cell differentiation
Authors: Zhu Lin , Yan Yaohua , Ke Kaifu , Wu Xinming , Gao Yilu , Shen Aiguo , Li Jing , Kang Lihua , Zhang Guowei , Wu Qiyun , Yang Huiguang 
Published: March 2012

AbstractNumbl, as a conserved homolog of Drosophila Numb, has been implicated in early development of the nervous system, but its expression and roles in nervous system lesion and repair remained unknown. Here, we performed an acute sciatic nerve injury model in adult rats and studied the dynamic changes of Numbl expression in the sciatic nerve. Temporally, Numbl expression was sharply decreased after sciatic nerve crush and reached a valley at day 7. Spatially, Numbl was widely expressed in the normal sciatic nerve, including axons and Schwann cells, whereas, after injury, Numbl expression was decreased predominantly in Schwann cells. In vitro, we induced Schwann cell differentiation with cAMP and found that Numbl expression was decreased in the differentiated process. Depletion of Numbl could promote Schwann cell differentiation. In addition, we demonstrated that in vitro myelination was suppressed by overexpression of Numbl in Schwann cells. Collectively, we hypothesized peripheral nerve injury induced a downregulation of Numbl in the sciatic nerve, which was associated with Schwann cell differentiation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of the impact conditions on the mechanical properties of injection‐molded parts
Authors: Barbosa Carlos N. , Viana Júlio C. , Franzen Markus , Simoes Ricardo 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThis work focused on the study of the impact event on molded parts in the framework of automotive components. The influence of the impact conditions and processing parameters on the mechanical behavior of talc‐filled polypropylene specimens was analyzed. The specimens were lateral‐gate discs produced by injection molding, and the mechanical characterization was performed through instrumented falling weight impact tests concomitantly assisted with high‐speed videography. Results analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) method have shown that from the considered parameters, only the dart diameter and test temperature have significant influence on the falling weight impact properties. Higher dart diameter leads to higher peak force and peak energy results. Conversely, higher levels of test temperatures lead to lower values of peak force and peak energy. By means of high‐speed videography, a more brittle fracture was observed for experiments with higher levels of test velocity and dart diameter and lower levels of test temperature. The injection‐molding process conditions assessed in this study have an influence on the impact response of moldings, mainly on the deformation capabilities of the moldings. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 52:1845–1853, 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Density‐cluster NMA: A new protein decomposition technique for coarse‐grained normal mode analysis
Authors: Demerdash Omar N. A. , Mitchell Julie C. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractNormal mode analysis has emerged as a useful technique for investigating protein motions on long time scales. This is largely due to the advent of coarse‐graining techniques, particularly Hooke's Law‐based potentials and the rotational–translational blocking (RTB) method for reducing the size of the force‐constant matrix, the Hessian. Here we present a new method for domain decomposition for use in RTB that is based on hierarchical clustering of atomic density gradients, which we call Density‐Cluster RTB (DCRTB). The method reduces the number of degrees of freedom by 85–90% compared with the standard blocking approaches. We compared the normal modes from DCRTB against standard RTB using 1–4 residues in sequence in a single block, with good agreement between the two methods. We also show that Density‐Cluster RTB and standard RTB perform well in capturing the experimentally determined direction of conformational change. Significantly, we report superior correlation of DCRTB with B‐factors compared with 1–4 residue per block RTB. Finally, we show significant reduction in computational cost for Density‐Cluster RTB that is nearly 100‐fold for many examples. Proteins 2012; © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.