bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Velocity Profiles in Stented Carotid Artery Bifurcation Between Computational Fluid Dynamics and Particle Image Velocimetry Measurements
Authors: M. Noor A Fahmi Huwaidi , Johari Nasrul Hadi , Basri Adi Azriff , Xu Xiao Yun 
Published: June 2024

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, necessitating extensive research into the hemodynamics of blood flow under pathological conditions, such as atherosclerosis in carotid arteries. In vitro studies, particularly Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), are crucial for advancing our understanding of arterial blood flow and predicting pathological states. However, the accuracy of CFD simulations relies heavily on their validation against empirical data, such as those obtained from Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). This study focuses on the comparative analysis of CFD predictions and PIV measurements of blood velocity vectors in a stented carotid artery bifurcation model under steady flow conditions derived from patient-specific data. The methodology involves simulating blood flow within a CFD framework and conducting PIV experiments using a blood-mimicking fluid seeded with particles in a carotid artery bifurcation phantom. The results indicate a reasonable agreement between the axial velocity vector profiles obtained via PIV and those predicted by CFD, with CFD predicting 10% higher than that recorded by PIV, especially in terms of recirculation areas and velocity values, despite some discrepancies in the velocity contours distribution, highlighting potential differences in how each method captures flow separation or recirculation areas. Despite some discrepancies in velocity contour distribution, which highlight potential differences in capturing flow separation or recirculation areas, the findings confirm that CFD simulations can effectively replicate the hemodynamics observed in carotid arteries and potentially other arterial segments. This study emphasizes the importance of integrating CFD simulations with experimental PIV data to validate and refine our understanding of arterial flow dynamics, significantly contributing to cardiovascular research and the development of interventions for arterial diseases.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ УПРАВЛІННЯ ФІНАНСОВИМИ РЕСУРСАМИ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ГРОМАД В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Щербан О. Я. , Малик Л. О. , Сенишин С. Є. 
Published: June 2024

Мета статті полягає у дослідженні особливостей управління фінансовими ресурсами територіальних громад в умовах воєнного стану в Україні. В даній статті досліджено управління фінансовими ресурсами територіальних громад. Обґрунтовано, що одна з ключових проблем, з якою стикаються об'єднані територіальні громади (ОТГ), полягає у забезпеченні належного виконання своїх обов'язків. Це включає здатність до ефективного формування бюджету, накопичення достатнього фінансового ресурсу для покриття термінових соціальних потреб громадян, відповідно до принципу субсидіарності, та реалізації стратегій їх економічного і технологічного розвитку. Окреслено ключові джерела фінансування для підтримки розвитку територіальних громад в Україні на фоні процесів децентралізації. Підкреслено важливість фінансового забезпечення у процесі розвитку місцевих громад. Управління фінансовими ресурсами територіальних громад в Україні набуває особливої актуальності в нинішніх умовах воєнного часу. Тому пошук ефективних шляхів фінансування територіальних громад для їхнього розвитку, управління місцевими бюджетами стає актуальним аспектом наукових досліджень. Вдале ведення цього процесу передбачає використання унікальних можливостей кожної території, залучення різноманітних джерел фінансування, накопичення та ефективне розподілення ресурсів, створення сприятливих умов для реалізації економічних ініціатив та місцевих соціальних програм. Основні джерела фінансування розвитку місцевих громад включають доходи від місцевих бюджетів, фінансову підтримку від держави для місцевого самоврядування, а також залучення додаткових фінансових ресурсів місцевою владою через використання потенціалу розвитку території. Проаналізовано динаміку та структуру доходів місцевих бюджетів, а також їхню частку у зведеному бюджеті країни за останні роки. Висвітлено фактори, які впливають на фінансове управління в об’єднаних територіальних громадах, та підкреслено позитивний вплив об’єднання громад на управління місцевими фінансами. Обґрунтовано особливості управління фінансовими ресурсами територіальних громад в умовах війни в Україні. Акцентовано увагу на тому, що саме громади беруть на себе відповідальність за фінансування великої кількості повноважень, як делегованих, так і власних, що ще не були чітко визначені в Бюджетному кодексі. Ці обов'язки становлять основу для місцевих бюджетів, оскільки саме вони формують фундамент стабільності місцевих фінансів.
Enhancing cryopreserved ram sperm quality at −80 °C with Spirulina platensis and Salvia verbenaca extracts
Authors: Ben Moula Anass , Salhi Saad , Rahim Abdellatif , Chentouf Mouad , Raes Marianne , Bister Jean Loup , El Amiri Bouchra 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study was conducted in two steps to evaluate the influence of freezing methods and natural extracts on cryopreserved ram sperm quality. Initially, the research compared the effects of two freezing methods: liquid nitrogen (LN2) versus −80 °C, on post-thawed ram semen on total and progressive motilities and velocity parameters. Experiment I revealed no significant differences (P > 0.05) between the LN2 and −80 °C freezing methods, indicating similar effects on the analyzed parameters. Experiment II aimed to examine the influence of Spirulina platensis (SP) and Salvia verbenaca (SV) extracts added to egg yolk extender on cryopreserved sperm quality, utilizing the −80 °C freezing method. Various concentrations (1.25, 3.75, 6.25 and 8.75 µg*mL−1) of acetone (Ac-SP and Ac-SV) and hexanoic (Hex-SP), as well as methanolic (MeOH-SV) extracts, were added into the extender. A thorough assessment of post-thawed sperm quality parameters, encompassing motility, velocity parameters, viability, membrane integrity, abnormality and lipid peroxidation was conducted. The outcomes demonstrated that 1.25 and 3.75 g*mL−1 of Ac-SP and Hex-SP and 1.25 µg*mL−1 of AC-SV and MeOH-SV increased the post-thawed ram sperm quality. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the antioxidant properties of SP and SV extracts, highlighting their potential to protect cryopreserved sperm cells from oxidative stress at −80 °C.
Implicações da exposição de alunos do Ensino Fundamental I às telas digitais na pandemia de COVID-19 durante o ensino remoto
Authors: Ramos Navarro Larissa Gabrielle , Malavasi Abigail 
Published: June 2024

O ano de 2020 ficou marcado pela pandemia do COVID-19, uma emergência de saúde pública de nível internacional que atingiu o mundo todo de forma inesperada, o que exigiu várias medidas de combate ao vírus, entre elas o fechamento dos estabelecimentos, o que incluiu as instituições de ensino. Diante deste contexto, o ensino e a aprendizagem precisaram se reinventar, e as aulas passaram a ser remotas. Por meio de um estudo bibliográfico, este trabalho visa fazer uma reflexão sobre as implicações do tempo de exposição às telas digitais por parte de alunos do Ensino Fundamental I, destacando alguns malefícios apresentados pelas pesquisas, tais como: alterações no sono, estresse, alterações comportamentais, entre outros. Diante disso, consideramos uma necessidade de as instituições de ensino refletirem sobre como conduzir esse momento de ensino remoto.
Comparison of Anxiety Levels in MDR-TB Patients with Individual and Short-term Regimens at Dr. Soebandi Regional General Hospital, Jember, Indonesia
Authors: Widodo Muhammad Rifqy Alvy , Astuti Ida Srisurani Wiji , Kusumastuti Inke , Raharjo Angga Mardro , Supangat Supangat , Tyaswati Justina Evy , Zulkifli Noor Fadzilah binti 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a form of TB that shows resistance to both isoniazid and rifampicin. Globally, the number of new MRD-TB cases has continued to rise since 2020. Indonesia is positioned among the top ten countries with the highest incidence of MDR-TB worldwide. Specifically, Jember ranked second in the number of MDR-TB cases in East Java. This study aimed to assess the comparison between the administration of individual MDR-TB regimens and short-term regimens concerning anxiety levels in MDR-TB patients at Dr. Soebandi Regional General Hospital, Jember.
Methods: This was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design. It was conducted at Dr. Soebandi Regional General Hospital, Jember, using interviews and medical record data from August to September 2023. The sample size was 69 participants, who were obtained through consecutive sampling. Analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and the Chi-Square test for group comparisons.
Results: This study found that 64% of subjects received individual regimens. In the individual regimen group, 80% of subjects reported anxiety. Among the short-term regimen group, 60% of subjects showed no anxiety. The significance value of this study was 0.007 in the Chi-Square test for group differences.
Conclusion: There was a difference in anxiety levels between individual and short-term regimens among MDR-TB patients at Dr. Soebandi Regional General Hospital, Jember. Patients with anxiety were more common in individual regimens compared to short-term regimens.
Sub-acute pathological effects of calcium carbide as an artificial fruit ripening agent on various organs of albino mice
Authors: Ajileye Ayodeji Blessing , Ogunbinu Oluwapelumi Abigail , Naomi Alanza Michael 
Published: June 2024

Introduction. Calcium carbide is the most commercially used artificial fruit ripener because it is inexpensive to produce though, involving the use of hazardous elements and can easily be purchased in local markets. This study aimed at investigating the architectural changes of organs extracted from albino mice fed with fruits that were ripened with calcium carbide. Material and methods. About 40 mice of both males and females, weighing between 18g-25g were randomly used for this study. They were divided into five (5) groups, made up of six mice namely Groups 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5 respectively. A set of unripe mature pawpaw and banana were ripened with calcium carbide (CCRP & CCRB) and were fed orally to groups 3 and 5 respectively for four weeks with water. Another set of the unripe mature pawpaw and banana were ripened naturally (NRP & NRB) without subjecting them to any artificial ripening processes and were fed orally to groups 2 and 4 mice respectively for four weeks with water. Rat feed and water were also given to the control group 1.
Results. Increased body weights were observed in the calcium carbide ripened banana (CCRB) treated group when compared to the other groups (control and calcium carbide ripened pawpaw). Histological sections revealed increased numbers of inflammatory cells, presence of collapsed epithelial layer, ruptured muscle, disorganized clara cells, aggregation of fibroblasts in the lungs; mild interstitial edema in the brain between the cardiocytes: mononuclear cell infiltration with cloudy swelling of the renal epithelium; dendritic cells in the brain.
Discussion and conclusions. According to this study, eating fruits that are ripened with calcium carbide has adverse related health effects thus negatively altering the histological architecture of the organs such as the lungs, liver, kidney, heart as well as the brain. Fruit vendors must therefore use caution when applying calcium carbide and adhere to international regulations that strictly limit its use.
Nafion/ZrO2 Modified NiTi Orthodontic Wire: Preparation, Material Characterization, and Corrosion Studies
Authors: Chitta Raj Raja Rajamanikkam San , Madhivanan Keerthana , Ganapathy Dhanraj , Sundramoorthy Ashok K. 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Nickel-titanium (NiTi) orthodontic wires are widely used in dental corrective
procedures due to their high mechanical properties and cost-effectiveness. However, they are
prone to oral corrosion, leading to mechanical deterioration, aesthetic issues, and potential health
concerns.

Objective:
This study aims to improve the corrosion resistance and durability of NiTi orthodontic
wires by employing zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and Nafion coating with the goal of enhancing wire
performance.

Methods:
Two types of NiTi wires were evaluated: a standard, unmodified wire as a control and another
wire treated with electrodeposited ZrO2 film and Nafion (Naf) coating. Surface analysis was
conducted using various techniques, including Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM)
and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) analysis.

Results:
The uncoated NiTi wire exhibited a corrosion rate of 4.436× 10-1 mm/year, whereas the
Naf/ZrO2-coated NiTi wire showed a corrosion rate of 4.068× 10-1 mm/year, indicating that the
Naf/ZrO2 coating acted as a protective layer. Additionally, the ZrO2 layer provided poor electrical
conductivity, resulting in slightly higher impedance compared to bare NiTi. The coating served as a
barrier, which significantly enhanced corrosion resistance and improved the wire lifespan.

Conclusion:
Electro-modification through ZrO2 deposition and Nafion coating significantly improved
the corrosion resistance and overall durability of NiTi orthodontic wires, offering a promising
advancement for their use in dental orthodontics. This study underscores the potential of ZrO2
and Nafion coating to enhance the corrosion resistance and longevity of NiTi orthodontic wires.
Design and Performance Analysis of Strip Photonic Waveguide with
Coating Layer for Multimode Propagation
Authors: Chandra Veer 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Photonic devices play a pivotal role in the realm of high-speed data communication
due to their inherent capability to expedite the transfer of information. Historically, research
efforts in this domain have predominantly concentrated on investigating the fundamental
mode propagation within photonic waveguides.

Methods:
This study diverges from the conventional approach by delving into the untapped potential
of higher-order modes in addition to the fundamental mode of propagation. The exploration of these
higher-order modes opens up new possibilities for optimizing and enhancing the performance of photonic
devices in high-speed data communication scenarios. As a distinctive aspect of this study, various
coating materials were scrutinized for their impact on both fundamental and higher-order mode
propagation. The materials under examination included AlN (aluminum nitride), Germanium, and
Silicon. These materials were chosen based on their unique optical properties and suitability for influencing
different modes of light propagation. The findings from the study reveal that applying a
coating of germanium demonstrates advantageous characteristics, particularly in terms of reduced
signal loss, even when considering higher-order modes of propagation within photonic devices.

Results:
In this context, the results indicate that germanium-coated waveguides exhibit notably low
propagation losses, with measurements as minimal as 0.25 dB/cm. This low level of loss is particularly
noteworthy, especially when the waveguide has a width of 550 nm and is coated with a thickness
of 50 nm. The dimensions and coating specifications play a crucial role in determining the efficiency
of light transmission within the waveguide.

Conclusion:
The fact that the propagation loss is substantially low under these conditions suggests
that the germanium-coated waveguide, even when considering higher-order modes of light propagation,
can effectively maintain the integrity of the optical signal.
THE 800 METERS RUNNING SUCCESS DIFFERENCES OF SCHOOL-AGED FEMALE ATHLETES ACCORDING TO MATURITY STAGE
Authors: Mijalković Stefan , Ajman Hrvoje , Stanković Daniel 
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study was to determine the 800 meters running success differences of school-aged female athletes according to maturity stage. The study’s sample of respondents consisted of 26 school-aged female athletes who were selected for middle-distance running. The mean chronological age of the respondents was 12.67 ± 1.03 years. The respondents were divided into two groups according to biological maturity: Mid Peak Height Velocity (n = 13; mean chronological age 11.81 ± 0.57 years) and Post Peak Height Velocity (n = 13; mean chronological age 13.54 ± 0.52 years). Based on the results of the Student's T test of independent samples, it could be concluded that there was statistically significant difference in the 800 meters running success of female athletes according to biological maturity. It could be stated that respondents in the Post Peak Height Velocity group were more effective in this middle-distance running athletic discipline than respondents in the Mid Peak Height Velocity group. More specifically, female athletes with earlier stages of maturation dominated middle-distance running. Furthermore, because biological maturity causes differences in physical performance, maturity status should be the foundation of physical performance assessment. These findings can also be applied to the more successful selection of athletes. Trainers should avoid the potential risks associated with investing in athletes who dominate physical performance tests simply because they have matured earlier biologically.
Manejo interdisciplinario de rehabilitación oral en paciente con pérdida de dimensión vertical
Authors: Gutiérrez Huízar Luis Leonel , Ortega Bernal Laila Araceli , Rodríguez-Chávez Jacqueline Adelina , Flores-Ruiz Hugo M , Magaña Curiel Karina , Curiel-González Ricardo , Carrillo Collado Miguel Ángel , Gutiérrez Núñez Alfonso 
Published: June 2024

Introducción: el restablecimiento de la dimensión vertical oclusal (dvo) es una de las opciones de tratamiento más comunes cuando se necesita rehabilitar un paciente con múltiples desgastes dentales. Objetivo: restablecer un caso de dvo corregido mediante rehabilitación oral completa con ayuda de prostodoncia, periodoncia y endodoncia. Presentación del caso: se presenta paciente femenino de 62 años, cuyo motivo de consulta fue: “tengo mis dientes muy pequeños y no puedo comer a gusto”. Se diagnosticó desgaste severo generalizado, piezas dentales ausentes y restauraciones desajustadas. El tratamiento se dividió en 4 fases: En la fase 1 se tomaron los estudios necesarios para el diagnóstico y se retiraron focos de infección. En la fase 2 se realizó la provisionalización del paciente. Durante la fase 3 (fase quirúrgica) se llevaron a cabo los alargamientos de coronas en el sector anterior y posteriormente la colocación de implantes. Fase 4: Se realizaron todas las restauraciones finales. Finalmente se obtuvo un aumento de3 mm en la dimensión vertical, estabilidad oclusal con restauraciones estéticas, biológicas y funcionalmente adecuadas. Conclusiones: el diagnóstico y plan de tratamiento interdisciplinario es de suma importancia para obtener excelentes resultados en la rehabilitación oral de un paciente con desgaste severo generalizado.
Competitiveness Analysis of the Productive Business Unit Catur Paramitaâ€™s Kintamani Coffee in Catur Village, Kintamani District, Bangli Regency
Authors: Lestari Putu Fajar Kartika , I Made Tamba  , Ni Komang Winda Surya Putri  
Published: June 2024

Kintamani coffee is grown at an altitude of 900-1000 meters above sea level near Mount Batur. As already discussed, the taste and aroma of Kintamani Coffee tends to taste citrusy. One reason is the reporting process which is unique and unusual. The purpose of the study entitled Analysis of Arabica Coffee Competitiveness in UUP (Productive Business Unit) Catur Paramitha in Catur Village, Kec. Kintamani Regency Bangli is to analyze the competitive advantage of Arabica coffee in the UUP (Productive Unit) Catur Paramitha in Catur Village, Kec. Kintamani Regency Bangli, and to analyze the comparative advantage of Arabica coffee in UUP (Productive Business Unit) Catur Paramitha in Catur Village, Kec. Kintamani Regency Bangli. This research was conducted from October to December 2022. The research location was determined using a purposive method, while the sample of respondents was determined using a purposive sampling technique with 15 respondents. The analytical method in this study uses the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) or government policy analysis. The results of the PAM analysis research show that Arabica Coffee farming produced by Arabica Coffee farmers in Catur Village, Kintamani District, Bangli Regency has very strong competitiveness because it is seen from the value of the Private Cost Ratio (PCR) <1, namely 0.17 and the Domestic Resources Ratio (DCR) <1, namely 0.10, which means that Arabica coffee farming has a competitive advantage and a comparative advantage, because economic efficiency is already able to compete with Arabica coffee farming in other regions. The policies owned by the government have been able to provide effective protection (protection) for Arabica coffee farming to survive until now, this is due to the existence of policies in the form of input-output prices and subsidized assistance from the government.

Keywords : Arabica Coffee, Competitiveness, Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM)
Building the Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Brick by Brick: Revisiting a 1993 Diabetes Classic by Thorens et al.
Authors: Thorens Bernard , Hodson David J. 
Published: June 2024

The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) is a class B G protein–coupled receptor involved in the regulation of blood glucose levels and food intake. Stabilized agonists targeting GLP-1R are used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and have recently become a breakthrough obesity therapy. Here, we revisit a classic article in Diabetes by Thorens et al. that described the cloning, sequencing, and functional expression of the human GLP-1R. The article also demonstrated that exendin4(1-39) was a full agonist of the human GLP-1R whereas exendin4(9-39) was a full antagonist. We discuss how the knowledge imparted by these studies has gone on to inform multiple strands of GLP-1R biology over the past three decades, including pharmacology, signaling, human genetics, structural biology, and chemical biology.