bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma Polymerized Pyrrole Films for Biological Applications: Correlation Between Protein Adsorption Properties and Characteristics
Authors: Zhang Zhihong , Dou Jun , Yan Fufeng , Zheng Xianjun , Li Xili , Fang Shaoming 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe present work describes the fabrication, characterization, and optimization of plasma polymerized pyrrole films, PPpy, prepared by continuous wave for application as the adhesion layers of bovine serum albumin (BSA). Plasma conditions used throughout the work produced significant differences in the chemical, physical, and electrochemical properties of the resultant PPpy films. Structural analysis and property characterizations of PPpy were carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electrochemical workstation. Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy was used to investigate the adsorption kinetics of BSA onto PPpy films. Moreover, when immersed in solutions or after BSA adsorption, the differences of electron transfer at the interfaces between the PPpy and the electrolyte solutions were determined by electro impedance spectroscopy. While there is a clear dependence of the protein adsorption affinity on the plasma polymerization condition employed during the film preparation. The relationship between film structure, electrochemical properties, polymer stability in aqueous buffer, and protein binding affinities are discussed.magnified image
Subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum due to foreign body aspiration in children with asthma
Authors: Nimrey‐Atrash Nilly , Bentur Lea , Elias Nael 
Published: August 2011

AbstractPneumomediastinum (PM) and subcutaneous emphysema (SCE) are well recognized as complications of acute asthma exacerbation in children with asthma. We present herein a report of three cases of asthmatic children who presented with PM and SCE found to be secondary to foreign body aspiration. The cases highlight that clinicians must remain vigilant for co‐morbidities in an asthma exacerbation, and less common etiologies of PM and SCE, such as foreign body aspiration, should also be carefully considered in asthmatic children. Pediatr Pulmonol. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012; 47:88–90. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Validation of the detergent micelle classification for membrane protein crystals and explanation of the Matthews Graph for soluble proteins
Authors: Schulz Georg E. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractProtein crystals are of wide‐spread interest because many of them allow structure analyses at atomic resolution. For soluble proteins, the packing density of such crystals is distributed according to the Matthews Graph. For integral membrane proteins, the respective graph is similar but at lower density and much broader. By visualizing the relative positions and orientations of membrane proteins in crystals, it has been suggested that the detergent micelles surrounding these proteins form sheets, filaments, or remain isolated in the crystal giving rise to three distinct packing density distributions that superimpose to form the observed broad distribution. This classification was indirect because detergent is not visible in X‐ray crystallography. Given the extensive work involved in analyzing detergent structure directly by neutron diffraction, it seems unlikely that a statistically relevant number of them will be established in the near future. Therefore, the proposed classification is here scrutinized by a simulation in which an average detergent‐carrying membrane protein was randomly packed to form crystals. The analysis reproduced the three types of detergent structures together with their packing density distributions and relative frequencies, which validates the previous classification. The simulation program was also run for crystals from soluble proteins using ellipsoids as reference shapes and defining a shape factor that quantifies the deviation from the nearest ellipsoid. This series reproduced and thus explained the Matthews Graph.
Controllable growth of graphene by changing the microstructure of Fe‐Cr‐Ni catalyst
Authors: Lu Zhanling , Deng Jicai , Wang Junfeng , Yao Ning , Zhang Binlin 
Published: August 2011

AbstractIn this paper, the controllable growth of graphene and their field emission properties were studied. Two different Fe‐Ni‐Cr layers were deposited by magnetron sputtering of stainless target on ceramic substrate. One was deposited at temperature of 300 °C, the other was deposited at room temperature. The catalyst‐coated substrates were placed in a microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) reaction chamber. The source gas was a mixture of H2 and CH4. Under the same MPCVD experiment conditions, the CNTs and graphene films were obtained on the two catalyst layers respectively, which indicated the microstructure of catalyst was a key factor in controllable growth of graphene. The turn‐on field of the field emission from the graphene film was 1.26 V/μm, and the current density of 2.1 mA/cm2 at electric field of 2.2 V/μm was obtained. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Surface‐conducted field emission lamp with ZnO nanotetrapod and MgO composite emitter
Authors: Qu Ke , Zhu Xiaobo , Li Chi , Hou Kai , Yang Xiaxi , Lei Wei , Zhang Xiaobing , Shen Yu , Li Xu , Wang Baoping 
Published: August 2011

AbstractAn efficient surface‐conducted field emission lamp (FEL) is fabricated by zinc oxide nanotetrapod (ZNT) and magnesium oxide (MgO) composite emitter. A comparison of different ratios of ZNT/MgO is promoted to demonstrate the available emitters with a high current density in such structure. As revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and vacuum test, 2:1 ZNT/MgO has the lowest turn‐on electric field about 0.4 V/μm and the highest current density of 0.6 mA/cm2. Display of images employing this structure is demonstrated. It shows a uniform emission without crosstalk with 2:1 ZNT/MgO. This easy fabrication process provides a practical way to fabricate a new type Surface‐conducted field emission (SCFE) in the future. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Intense pulsed field emission of carbon nanotube film grown on electroless plated nickel substrate by pyrolysis
Authors: Zeng Fan‐Guang , LI Xin , Xia Liansheng , Zhang Rui 
Published: August 2011

AbstractNickel substrate layer was prepared by using electroless plating method. CNT film was directly grown on such substrate by pyrolysis of iron Phthalocyanine (FePc). The intense pulsed emission characteristics were measured with a diode structure. When the peak value of pulsed evenly applied electric field was set at ∼11.6 V/µm, the peak current and current density are ∼200 A and 10.2 A/cm2, respectively and the corresponding turn‐on field is ∼4.8 V/µm. The peak current and current density at a pulsed macro electric field with a peak value of ∼13.5 V/µm are ∼1253 A and 63.8 A/cm2 respectively, with a turn‐on field ∼1.8 V/µm. According to the wave curves, the emission behavior should be considered as intense pulsed field emission. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Investigations of magnetic properties of Tb‐doped Ni78Fe22 thin films
Authors: Luo C. , Sun L. , Zhang Y. , Huang H. B. , Yang M. , Zhai Y. , Du J. , Zhai H. R. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract(Ni78Fe22)1‐x‐Tbx thin films (30 nm) were prepared by DC magnetron sputtering at room temperature. Their structures and magnetic properties were studied using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and ferromagnetic resonance (FMR). The film structure changes from polycrystalline to amorphous when Tb content is around 6.9%. The magnetization is reduced with the increasing Tb content due to Tb atomic moments align antiparallel with permalloy moments, while the low coercivity Hc less than 10 Oe, and the high hysteresis squareness along the in‐plane easy‐axis is remained. The measurements of angular dependences of ferromagnetic resonance field, as well as the theoretical fitting find the surface perpendicular anisotropy constants changes from “easy” film plane to “easy” film normal and g value shows increases with increasing Tb content, which implies the increase of orbital moment with Tb dopant. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Fast and scalable parallel processing of scalar multiplication in elliptic curve cryptosystems
Authors: Wu Keke , Li Huiyun , Zhu Dingju 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTTo secure parallel systems in communication networks, in this paper, we propose a fast and scalable parallel scalar multiplication method over generic elliptic curves for elliptic curve cryptosystems, by means of our proposed scalar folding and unfolding techniques. In contrast to previous parallel scalar multiplication methods, our method can be implemented into scalable parallel computers. The optimal time complexity is k point doublings (D) plus log k point additions (A), denoted as kD + (log k)A, where k is the bit length of the scalar. If our method is applied to Koblitz curves, the optimal time complexity can be reduced to (log k)A. Furthermore, previous simple side‐channel‐protected scalar multiplication methods can be integrated into our method for resisting against simple side‐channel attacks. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sustaining superior performance in an emerging economy: an empirical test in the Indian context
Authors: Chari Murali D.R. , David Parthiban 
Published: August 2011

AbstractWe demonstrate a negative relationship between pro‐market reforms and the sustainability of superior profits in an emerging economy. The decline in sustainability of superior profits shows that pro‐market reforms bring significant threats in addition to the various opportunities such as greater availability of production factors and greater freedom to enter and operate businesses highlighted in the extant literature. Our study thus contributes to a more complete conceptual understanding of the performance consequences of pro‐market reforms in emerging economies. We also show that investment in research and development and greater investments in marketing and advertising are firm‐level resources that provide a measure of protection against the erosion in sustainability of superior profits associated with pro‐market reforms. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Flexural ductility design of high‐strength concrete beams
Authors: Bai Z. Z. , Au F. T. K. 
Published: August 2011

SUMMARYIn the seismic design of a reinforced concrete (RC) structure, it is necessary to provide not only sufficient strength, but also adequate flexural ductility. This is particularly important to the design of RC beams cast of high‐strength concrete that is inherently more brittle. Eurocode EN1998‐1 directly specifies such minimum flexural ductility. To provide adequate flexural ductility to RC beams, Chinese code GB50011 limits the normalised depth of simplified rectangular stress block at peak resisting moment, whereas American code ACI 318–08 requires that the tension steel strain at peak resisting moment shall not be smaller than 0.004. The essential parameters identified for effective flexural ductility design of RC beams include the maximum difference of tension and compression reinforcement ratios and maximum normalised neutral axis depth at peak resisting moment, as they help to guarantee various flexural ductility requirements. Their relationship with the flexural ductility is studied using a rigorous full‐range moment–curvature analysis procedure. Empirical formulae and tables are also developed to facilitate flexural ductility design of RC beams. A comparison shows that the allowable differences of tension and compression ratios may be smaller than those specified in Eurocode 8 particularly for those cast of high‐strength concrete. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
p53: Guardian of ploidy
Authors: Aylon Yael , Oren Moshe 
Published: August 2011

AbstractAneuploidy, often preceded by tetraploidy, is one of the hallmarks of solid tumors. Indeed, both aneuploidy and tetraploidy are oncogenic occurrences that are sufficient to drive neoplastic transformation and cancer progression. True to form, the tumor suppressor p53 obstructs propagation of these dangerous chromosomal events by either instigating irreversible cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. The tumor suppressor Lats2, along with other tumor inhibitory proteins such as BRCA1/2 and BubR1, are central to p53‐dependent elimination of tetraploid cells. Not surprisingly, these proteins are frequently inactivated or downregulated in tumors, synergizing with p53 inactivation to establish an atmosphere of “tolerance” for a non‐diploid state.
Hydrocarbons of the lanostane homologous series in the Phanerozoic organic matter and their probable biologic sources
Authors: Parfenova T.M. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
The paper deals with the geochemistry of lanostane homologue molecules, the age and localization of organic matter (OM) enriched in lanostane biomarkers, and organisms synthesizing lanosterol and other lanostane compounds. Steranes of the OM bitumens of the Lower Cambrian Sinyaya Formation on the northern slope of the Aldan syneclise were studied by chromato-mass spectrometry. Lanostanes C30 have been found for the first time in the organic fossil of the Cambrian sedimentary basins, and the presence of norlanostanes C29 is assumed. The sedimentation and diagenesis conditions and the degree of maturity of OM containing lanostane and its derivates are considered. Lanostanes are proposed to use as biomarkers of the petroleum-generating rocks of the Sinyaya Formation for elucidating the source of naphthides in the eastern Siberian Platform.
A system analysis of geological-field and technological information during the development of raw hydrocarbon deposits
Authors: Ermilov O.M. , Laperdin A.N. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
Modern views on the structure of the main productive Cenomanian complexes in the north of the Siberian Platform are presented. Main zones of oil and gas accumulation are determined. An appraisal of the predicted resources is given, and methods for their development are recommended.
The role of Meso-Cenozoic tectonics in the formation of hydrocarbon pools in the southern parts of the Kaimysovy arch and Nyurol’ka megadepression
Authors: Kontorovich V.A. , Solov’ev M.V. , Kalinina L.M. , Kalinin A.Yu. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
On the basis of the integrated interpretation of seismic-prospecting, GIS, and deep-drilling data on the southern parts of the Kaimysovy arch and Nyurol’ka megadepression, structural and isopach maps of seismogeologic megacomplexes are drawn. The tectonic evolution of the area in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic is analyzed. Ruptures have been recognized and traced throughout the study area, and the main stages of formation of faults and structures of different ranks have been established.
The conclusion has been drawn that, in terms of tectonics, the petroleum potential of the area was affected the most by the Early Neocomian, when large tectonic elements (petroleum generation and accumulation zones and local uplifts (hydrocarbon traps)) formed in the Upper Jurassic beds. In the Kaimysovy petroliferous region, the structure formation was accompanied by rupturing; the ruptures broke through the Jurassic strata, thus determining the structural–tectonic position of most of the hydrocarbon pools in the area.
Petroleum potential of the Ordovician–Devonian sediments in the northern Kureika basin
Authors: Starosel’tsev V.S. , Divina T.A. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
We analyze new geologic and geophysical data, which confirm Trofimuk’s (1960) high evaluation of the petroleum potential of the Silurian–Devonian sediments in the northwestern Siberian Platform. Priority targets are set for geologic exploration aimed at testing his scientific predictions.
The structure and depositional environments of Mesoproterozoic petroliferous carbonate complexes in the western Siberian craton
Authors: Khabarov E.M. , Varaksina I.V. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
On the basis of available sedimentological, isotope-geochemical, and geophysical data, we have refined the intrabasinal correlation and the structure of Mesoproterozoic deposits of the Baikit anteclise. A pre-Vendian section was stripped within the Baikit anteclise, which can be correlated with the section of the Mesoproterozoic Teya and Sukhoi Pit (pre-Pogoryui) Groups of the Yenisei Ridge. Most of the overlying deposits of the Tungusik Group were destroyed during the tectonic events in the Early Neoproterozoic (~860 Ma) and in pre-Vendian time. Using the results obtained, we have refined the variations in the sedimentation environments of Mesoproterozoic deposits in the Baikit anteclise and Yenisei Ridge and constructed paleogeographic schemes for particular time intervals in the modern frame of references. The predominance of peritidal complexes and numerous signs of subaerial exposition indicate that the carbonate accumulation was periodically interrupted. In the periods (sometimes, long) when this process stopped, fine silicoclastic material transited from the shelf edge into a deep basin localized southwest of the Baikit anteclise. The longest transition periods were in Early Yurubchen, Dolgokta, and Late Vingol’da time, though the main flow supplying silicoclastic material to the Yenisei Ridge passed south of the Baikit carbonate shelf. In the Mesoproterozoic, the basin with predominantly carbonate sedimentation occupied a vast area in the western Siberian Platform, extending to the western margin of the Anabar Shield, where the Mesoproterozoic deposits were similar in structure and isotope-geochronological and isotope-geochemical characteristics to the pre-Vendian deposits of the Baikit anteclise. Most part of the area with carbonate sedimentation in the Baikit anteclise was remote from the shelf edge. The Mesoproterozoic shelf was much wider than its fragments in the recent structure on the western margin of the Siberian craton.
Isotopic criteria for predicting the phase composition of hydrocarbons in Riphean and Vendian deposits of the Lena–Tunguska petroleum province
Authors: Dakhnova M.V. , Bazhenova T.K. , Lebedev V.S. , Kiselev S.M. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
The isotopic criteria used to predict the hydrocarbon phase composition were justified by a comparison of regional trends in the δ13C values for hydrocarbon liquids and gases from Riphean and Vendian–Cambrian deposits of the Lena–Tunguska petroleum province. The δ13C ratios for liquid hydrocarbons and gases, which are defined by kinetic isotope effects due to kerogen cracking during petroleum generation, were used as a criterion for establishing a genetic relationship between different hydrocarbon phases.
The study has revealed that oil-versus gas-prone areas exhibit significant differences in the δ13C values and the reverse isotope distributions in the liquids and gases. In the oil-prone areas, methane becomes progressively enriched in 12C compared to oils and condensates, which is the normal trend of carbon isotopic compositions of liquid hydrocarbons and gases generated by organic matter of the same type and same maturity level. In the gas-prone areas, the δ13C values for methane either overlap with those of liquids or methane may show a general trend of enrichment in 13C relative to liquids. This relationship suggests that gases were probably generated and migrated later than oils, which may provide explanation for predominant gas accumulation in the study areas.
The results of the isotopic studies and analysis of the geologic history of the region allowed the recognition of hydrocarbon kitchen areas that were potentially expelling late-stage gas to mostly gas-prone areas.
The proposed isotopic method, i.e., a comparison of variations in carbon isotopic compositions of hydrocarbon liquids and gases, allowed us to establish a genetic relationship and discriminate between different hydrocarbon phases on the basis of the δ13C ratios. This can provide additional information about the timing of liquid hydrocarbons and gases generation and help to establish the likely locations of hydrocarbon kitchen areas and the history of hydrocarbon accumulations, thus improving the reliability of predictions for the hydrocarbon resource potential in the study areas and the phase composition of accumulated hydrocarbons.
Longitudinal changes in body composition associated with healthy ageing: men, aged 20–96 years
Authors: Jackson Andrew S. , Janssen Ian , Sui Xuemei , Church Timothy S. , Blair Steven N. 
Published: August 2011

Obesity and sarcopenia are health problems associated with ageing. The present study modelled the longitudinal changes in body composition of healthy men, aged from 20 to 96 years, and evaluated the fidelity of BMI to identify age-dependent changes in fat mass and fat-free mass. The data from 7265 men with multiple body composition determinations (total observations 38 328) were used to model the age-related changes in body mass, fat mass, fat-free mass, BMI and percentage of body fat. Changes in fat mass and fat-free mass were used to evaluate the fidelity of BMI and to detect body composition changes with ageing. Linear mixed regression models showed that all trajectories of body composition with healthy ageing were quadratic. Fat mass, BMI and percentage of body fat increased from age 20 years and levelled off at approximately 80 years. Fat-free mass increased slightly from age 20 to 47 years and then declined at a non-linear rate with ageing. Levels of aerobic exercise had a positive influence on fat mass and a slight negative effect on fat-free mass. BMI and percentage of body fat were sensitive in detecting the increase in fat mass that occurred with healthy ageing, but failed to identify the loss of fat-free mass that started at age 47 years.
Tuberculosis presenting as bilateral vocal fold palsy: case report and review of otolaryngological manifestations of tuberculosis
Authors: Rennie C E , Pai I , Selvadurai D 
Published: August 2011

AbstractObjective:We report a rare case of tuberculosis presenting with bilateral vocal fold palsy.Method:Case report and discussion of ENT manifestations of tuberculosis.Case report:A 39-year-old man presented with stridor and bilateral vocal fold palsies, and underwent an emergency tracheostomy. Intra-operatively, a mass was identified overlying the thyroid cartilage. Fine needle aspiration cytology of this mass showed well formed granulomas but negative Ziehl–Nielsen staining. Computed tomography showed the mass to be surrounding the thyroid cartilage, causing airway occlusion; pulmonary infiltrates were also seen. The patient was commenced on tuberculosis treatment. Subsequent sputum samples from the tracheostomy confirmed the diagnosis. The patient responded very well to treatment, and was successfully decannulated after one week.Conclusion:The incidence of tuberculosis in the UK is increasing, particularly in urban areas. The otolaryngologist may encounter a wide variety of presentations. Diagnosis requires a high index of clinical suspicion.
Fibro-hyaline extensions from the bony nasal aperture, causing nasal obstruction
Authors: Haye R , Jebsen P , Dingsør B 
Published: August 2011

AbstractObjective:We report a rare case of fibro-hyaline anterior extensions of the bony nasal pyramid.Method:The clinical, radiological, intra-operative and histological findings are presented.Results:A 34-year-old man presented with bilateral nasal obstruction due to enlarged lateral walls of the nasal vestibule. Radiology showed normal bony structures. Surgery revealed three histologically identical, non-malignant, fibrous masses, one in the nasal septum and one in each of the vestibular walls. The latter were attached to the bony pyramid, protruding anteriorly and converging medially.Conclusion:The location and symmetry of the fibro-hyaline projections indicated that they constituted a malformation mimicking congenital bony nasal pyriform aperture stenosis. Histological analysis showed that the masses were not neoplastic.