bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and evaluation of ‘disaster preparedness’ educational programme for pregnant women
Authors: Yasunari T. , Nozawa M. , Nishio R. , Yamamoto A. , Takami Y. 
Published: August 2011

YASUNARI T., NOZAWA M., NISHIO R., YAMAMOTO A. & TAKAMI Y. (2011) Development and evaluation of ‘disaster preparedness’ educational programme for pregnant women. International Nursing Review58, 335–340Purpose:  The objective of this study is the development and evaluation of the usability of an educational programme that teaches disaster preparedness to pregnant women.Methods:  This intervention study examined an intervention group that attended an educational programme and a control group that did not. The subjects were pregnant women in their second trimester. The programme was developed with prior studies and evaluated by self‐administered questionnaires that asked about disaster preparedness. The questionnaire was administered twice to the participants in both groups: to the intervention group just before the childbirth class and 1 month after the class, and to the control group at the time of their maternity examination and 1 month afterwards. Two hundred twenty‐six members of the intervention group and 262 members of the control group responded to both questionnaires. Of these, 99 of the intervention group and 104 of the control group were primiparous without disaster experience, and the programme was evaluated by comparing these two groups. Effects due to the disaster experience were also analysed within the intervention group.Results:  Among primiparous without disaster experience, an intervention effect was found in items concerning awareness modification (five of six items) and behaviour modification (three of seven items). The intervention effect was particularly pronounced in a comparison of primiparous without disaster experience.Conclusions:  An intervention effect was found among the pregnant women who took the programme. In particular, it was statistically significant among primiparous without disaster experience, which suggests that the programme should be shaped to reflect this subject demographic.
Quality control parameters on a large dataset of regionally dissected human control brains for whole genome expression studies
Authors: Trabzuni Daniah , Ryten Mina , Walker Robert , Smith Colin , Imran Sabaena , Ramasamy Adaikalavan , Weale Michael E. , Hardy John 
Published: August 2011

J. Neurochem. (2011) 119, 275–282.AbstractWe are building an open‐access database of regional human brain expression designed to allow the genome‐wide assessment of genetic variability on expression. Array and RNA sequencing technologies make assessment of genome‐wide expression possible. Human brain tissue is a challenging source for this work because it can only be obtained several and variable hours post‐mortem and after varying agonal states. These variables alter RNA integrity in a complex manner. In this report, we assess the effect of post‐mortem delay, agonal state and age on gene expression, and the utility of pH and RNA integrity number as predictors of gene expression as measured on 1266 Affymetrix Exon Arrays. We assessed the accuracy of the array data using QuantiGene, as an independent non‐PCR‐based method. These quality control parameters will allow database users to assess data accuracy. We report that within the parameters of this study post‐mortem delay, agonal state and age have little impact on array quality, array data are robust to variable RNA integrity, and brain pH has only a small effect on array performance. QuantiGene gave very similar expression profiles as array data. This study is the first step in our initiative to make human, regional brain expression freely available.
Endovascular Treatment of Cerebral Aneurysms at a Low‐Volume Community Hospital Practice: Management Strategies, Complications, and Outcomes
Authors: Invergo Darbi , Gordhan Ajeet 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEOur institution serves a population of 160,000 and performed 14.4 endovascular cerebral aneurysm interventions annually, averaged over a 5‐year period. The purpose of this study was to examine the safety and efficacy of endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysms at a lowvolume center.METHODSRetrospective cohort analysis of 56 patients harboring 64 aneurysms requiring 72 procedures over 62 months. Aneurysm morphology, procedure‐related adverse events and clinical outcomes were analyzed.RESULTSTwenty‐two ruptured (34.4%) and 42 unruptured (65.6%) aneurysms were treated in 12 males (mean age 61.1 years), 44 females (mean age 61.8 years). The procedure‐related morbidity and mortality was 6.9% (5 of 72) and 1.3% (1 of 72 procedures), respectively. Modified Rankin Scale score was 0 or 1 in 87.9% of all discharges (61.9% in the ruptured group, 100% in the unruptured group). This score was between 2 to 5 in 7.6% (23.8% ruptured, 0% ruptured) and 6 in 4.3% of patients. Seventy‐two percent of aneurysms demonstrated complete occlusion initially, 23.0% had residual neck filling, and 4.9% had residual aneurysm filling.CONCLUSIONEndovascular coil embolization at a small volume nonspecialized community center is feasible with satisfactory procedural risk and clinical outcomes.
Quantification of Target Population for Ultrasound Enhanced Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Nolte Christian H. , Doepp Florian , Schreiber Stephan J. , Gerischer Lea M. , Audebert Heinrich J. 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEInsonation of the occluded target vessel (sonothrombolysis) has been reported to increase the effect of intravenous thrombolysis in ischemic stroke. Its use has predominantly been described in middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusions. Sufficient insonation conditions are a mandatory precondition. The impact of these limitations on eligibility rates for sonothrombolysis has not been reported so far.METHODSConsecutive patients treated with rt‐PA and examined by either CT‐ or MR‐angiogram before treatment and by transcranial color‐coded duplex sonography (TCCS) during inhospital stay were identified retrospectively at three hospitals from ongoing data registries.RESULTSOne‐hundred and seventy‐nine patients (age [years], median [IQR]= 75 [65‐83]; 42% female; NIH Stroke Scale [NIHSS], median [IQR]= 10 [6‐17]) were analyzed. MCA occlusions were detected in 39% of patients (N= 69) with 48 (27%) occlusions in the proximal M1‐segment and 21 (12%) in a distal M2‐segment. Arterial occlusions others than MCA were seen in an additional 9% (N= 16). TCCS (without contrast agent) revealed sufficient bone windows in 70% of patients with MCA occlusions (N= 48) corresponding to 27% of all patients treated with thrombolysis.CONCLUSIONConventional sonothrombolysis is restricted to a minority of stroke patients suitable for intravenous thrombolysis. Extending the applicability by utilization of ultrasound contrast agents and targeting non‐MCA‐occlusions warrants further evaluation.
Childhood maltreatment and clinical outcomes of bipolar disorder
Authors: Daruy‐Filho L. , Brietzke E. , Lafer B. , Grassi‐Oliveira R. 
Published: August 2011

Daruy‐Filho L, Brietzke E, Lafer B, Grassi‐Oliveira R. Childhood maltreatment and clinical outcomes of bipolar disorder.Objective:  Adverse life events, especially early trauma, play a major role in the course and expression of bipolar disorder (BD). The aim of this article is to present a systematic review about the impact of childhood trauma on the clinical course of BD.Method:  A computer‐aided search was performed in Medline, ISI database, EMBASE, PsychInfo, Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, and Databases of Thomson Reuters at April 2011, supplemented by works identified from the reference lists of the first selected papers. Two investigators systematically and independently examined all articles, selecting those according inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results:  Four hundred fifteen articles were identified, of which 19 remained in the review after exclusion criteria were applied. In general, childhood maltreatment predicted worsening clinical course of BD. After assessing the quality of the data and of the measurements, childhood maltreatment can be strongly associated to early onset of disorder, suicidality, and substance abuse disorder in patients with BD.Conclusion:  Data suggest that childhood abuse and neglect are risk factors associated with worsening clinical course of BD. The conclusions should be interpreted with caution because all the studies included are cross‐sectional and the majority are showing inconsistencies regarding childhood trauma as independent variable and how it is assessed.
A kinetic model linking protein conformational motions, interflavin electron transfer and electron flux through a dual‐flavin enzyme – simulating the reductase activity of the endothelial and neuronal nitric oxide synthase flavoprotein domains
Authors: Haque Mohammad M. , Kenney Claire , Tejero Jesús , Stuehr Dennis J. 
Published: August 2011

NADPH‐dependent dual‐flavin enzymes provide electrons in many redox reactions, although the mechanism responsible for regulating their electron flux remains unclear. We recently proposed a four‐state kinetic model that links the electron flux through a dual‐flavin enzyme to its rates of interflavin electron transfer and FMN domain conformational motion [Stuehr DJ et al. (2009)[6] FEBS J276, 3959–3974]. In the present study, we ran computer simulations of the kinetic model to determine whether it could fit the experimentally‐determined, pre‐steady‐state and steady‐state traces of electron flux through the neuronal and endothelial NO synthase flavoproteins (reductase domains of neuronal nitric oxide synthase and endothelial nitric oxide synthase, respectively) to cytochrome c. We found that the kinetic model accurately fitted the experimental data. The simulations gave estimates for the ensemble rates of interflavin electron transfer and FMN domain conformational motion in the reductase domains of neuronal nitric oxide synthase and endothelial nitric oxide synthase, provided the minimum rate boundary values, and predicted the concentrations of the four enzyme species that cycle during catalysis. The findings of the present study suggest that the rates of interflavin electron transfer and FMN domain conformational motion are counterbalanced such that both processes may limit electron flux through the enzymes. Such counterbalancing would allow a robust electron flux at the same time as keeping the rates of interflavin electron transfer and FMN domain conformational motion set at relatively slow levels.
A New Genus and Species of Damsel‐Dragonfly (Odonata: Isophlebioidea: Campterophlebiidae) in the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: PETRULEVIČIUS Julian Fernando , HUANG Diying , NEL André 
Published: August 2011

Abstract:The campterophlebiid new genus and species Ctenogampsophlebia reni is described from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China. It shows close similarities with the Lower to Middle Jurassic genera Gampsophlebia, and Petrophlebia, with closed and short subdiscoidal cells, confirming the attribution of these two other genera to the Campterophlebiidae.
New Bivalved Arthropods from Mid‐Cambrian Kaili Biota of Southeastern Guizhou, Southwest China
Authors: YUAN Jinliang , PENG Jin , ZHAO Yuanlong 
Published: August 2011

Abstract:Bivalved arthropods are very important elements in Mid‐Cambrian Kaili Biota. Three genera, Alicaris, Pseudoarctolepis, and Forfexicaris, are herein recorded for the first time, including three new species: Alicaris kailiensis sp. nov., Forfexicaris reticulata sp. nov., and Pseudoarctolepis semicircularis sp. nov., of which Alicaris kailiensis sp. nov. could be assigned to crustaceomorphs; the other two forms are grouped as proschizoramians. These forms provide important information about the distribution and species diversity of a poorly‐known element of Cambrian fauna, and also bridge the biotic evolutionary gap between Early Cambrian Chengjiang Biota in Southwest China and Mid‐Cambrian burgess shale biota in North America.
Spatial Distribution and Longitudinal Variation of Clay Minerals in the Central Indian Basin
Authors: VALSANGKAR Anil B. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract:Grain size and clay mineral distribution up to 45 cm depth in the silty clay sediments from 26 box cores from 10° to 16° S along four longitudes (73.5°‐76.5°E) were studied for understanding spatial variability in the Central Indian Basin (CIB). It was observed that the average sand content in the basin is 3.8%, which decreases systematically and longitudinally to 0.3% towards south. The average illite and chlorite major clay mineral abundance also decrease southwards along the four longitudes from 10°S, and show the limit of influence of the Ganges‐ Brahmaputra river's supply up to 10° S. However, the average clay content increases from west to east in the basin, and southwards along 73.5°E and either side of the 76.5°E fracture zone (FZ), which strongly suggests the possibility of clay supply due to circulation of Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) from the south through the FZ. The distribution of four clay minerals along 73° and 76.5° E FZ in the CIB shows dissimilar trends of increase and decrease, and indicate a mix environment in the basin. This study indicates that the FZ in the CIB has an important role in controlling the distribution of clay minerals.
Physical Properties, Morphology and Petrological Characteristics of Pumices from the Central Indian Ocean Basin
Authors: KALANGUTKAR Niyati G. , IYER Sridhar D. , ILANGOVAN Dandaydayudapani 
Published: August 2011

Abstract:About 400 pumice clasts collected from the Central Indian Ocean Basin (CIOB) were studied for their morphology and were classified based on their shape and size. A majority of the samples range between <1 cm and 36 cm and in the Zinggs shape diagram plot in the equant and oblate fields. The Corey Shape Factor for most of the samples is close to 0.7, which is common for volcaniclastic material. The physical properties such as density, specific gravity, void ratio, porosity, moisture content and degree of saturation, were determined for 30 pumice samples. Density varies from 0.21 to 0.74 g/cm3 specific gravity 1.84 to 3.27, void ratio 2.21 to 10.67, porosity 67% to 91%, moisture content during sinking 0.44 to 2.35 and degree of saturation varies from 26.5% to 86%. Binocular and electron microscopy studies reveal that 60% of the vesicles are elongated, 30% are spherical and 10% are fibrous. Petrography of the pumices exhibits vitrophyric texture with phenocrysts of feldspars and clinopyroxenes. X‐ray diffractrogram and mineral analyses confirm plagioclase to be a major phase, while quartz and orthoclase are not uncommon. Todorokite is commonly present in the ferromanganese oxide coating present over some of the pumices. This paper also delves into some details concerning the controversial origin of the pumices and glass shards in the CIOB.
Geochronology and Petrogenesis for the Protolith of Biotite Plagioclase Gneiss at Lianghe, Western Yunnan
Authors: CONG Feng , LIN Shiliang , ZOU Guangfu , XIE Tao , LI Zaihui , TANG Fawei , PENG Zhimin 
Published: August 2011

Abstract:In this paper, we report an integrated study of U‐Pb age and Hf isotope compositions of zircons from biotite plagioclase gneiss at Lianghe in western Yunnan. The zircons preserved inherited core and rim texture. Igneous zircon grains and rims yielded a weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 120.4±1.7 Ma, their εHf (120 Ma) values were mainly negative ranging from –13.9 to –10.7, with Hf model ages between 1.9 Ga and 2.0 Ga, some zircons had positive εHf (120 Ma) values ranging from 0.2 to 2.1. The inherited cores showed the wide variations in the U‐Pb age of 375–1315 Ma. One of them showed the εHf (506 Ma) value of –4.2, it was similar to the gray gneiss of old crust, which εHf (500 Ma) values were negative ranging from –4.5 to –3.3. Combining geological feature and geochemical data, we concluded that the protolith of biotite plagioclase gneiss was old crust‐derived tonalitic magma during the early Cretaceous.
Palynological Analysis of Amber‐Bearing Clay from the Lower Cretaceous of Central Lebanon
Authors: AZAR Dany , DEJAX Jean , MASURE Edwige 
Published: August 2011

Abstract:An amber‐bearing lignitic layer of sandy clay from the Lower Cretaceous of Central Lebanon (Mderej‐Hammâna) yielded a well‐preserved, moderately variegated palynoflora, which origin is mixed between land plants and marine microflora. Its detailed analysis led to fulfill its inventory, to propose a paleoenvironmental reconstruction, and to draw the paleoclimate which prevailed over the region: an estuarian area under a rather humid, temperate climate; a variety of ferns grew near the shore‐side and in the inward land. A tiny piece of amber containing angiospermous pollen grains of stratigraphical interest allows a precise dating. The marine microflora, poorly diversified, includes chitinous foraminifer linings and dinoflagellate cysts, among which Early Aptian guide taxa are present; their occurrence slightly narrows the stratigraphical range indicated by some palynological taxa which are related to land plants.
Paired Measurements of Foraminiferal δ18O and Mg/Ca Ratios of Indian Monsoons Reconstructed from Holocene to Last Glacial Record
Authors: MAHESH Badanal , BANAKAR Virupaxa , BURR George 
Published: August 2011

Abstract:The effect of seasonally reversing monsoons in the northern Indian Ocean is to impart significant changes in surface salinity (SS). Here, we report SS changes during the last 32 kyr in the Lakshadweep Sea (southeastern Arabian Sea) estimated from paired measurements of δ18O and sea surface temperature (SST) using Globigerinoides sacculifer, an upper mixed layer dwelling foraminifera. The heaviest δ18OG.sacculifer (–0.07±0.08‰) is recorded between 23 and 15 ka, which could be defined as the last glacial maximum (LGM). The δ18OG.sacculifer shift between the LGM and Holocene is 2.07‰. The SST shows an overall warming of 2°C from the LGM to Holocene (28°C to 30°C). However, coldest SSTs are observed prior to LGM, i.e., ∼27 ka. The SS was higher (∼38 psu) throughout most of the recorded last glacial period (32.5–15 ka). This high salinity together with generally lower SSTs suggests a period of sustained weaker summer or stronger winter monsoons. The deglacial warming is associated with rapid reorganization of monsoons and is reflected in decreased salinity to a modern level of ∼36.5 psu, within a period of ∼5 kyr. This indicates intensification of summer monsoons during cold to warm climate transition.
A 2200‐year Record of Seabird Population on Ganquan Island, South China Sea
Authors: XU Liqiang , LIU Xiaodong , SUN Liguang , YAN Hong , LIU Yi , LUO Yuhan , HUANG Jing 
Published: August 2011

Abstract:Geochemical characteristics of a 107 cm long sediment profile, collected from Ganquan Island, South China Sea, were analyzed. Based on concentrations of bio‐elements (Cu, Zn, Cd, Ba, As, Se, P), 210Pb and AMS14C dating, we reconstructed seabird population of Ganquan Island over the past 2200 years. Seabirds inhabited this island more than 2200 years ago, and their population displayed remarkable fluctuations with two peaks around 2100–1850 yr BP and 900–300 yr BP, respectively. The seabird population change profile on Ganquan Island is similar to that on Dongdao Island over the past 1800 years. We examined the relationship between the seabird population and climate, and found it quite complicated. The seabird population did not reach the maximum during the Medical Warm Period (MWP) with relatively high average temperature; however, it remained near the peak value for about 600 years during the climatic transition period and the Little Ice Age (LIA), indicating that a relatively cool climate is favorable for seabirds on Ganquan Island.
Serum C‐reactive protein concentrations in healthy Miniature Schnauzer dogs
Authors: Wong Valerie M. , Kidney Beverly A. , Snead Elisabeth C.R. , Myers Sherry L. , Jackson Marion L. 
Published: August 2011

Background: C‐reactive protein (CRP) is a sensitive marker for inflammation in people and dogs. In people, an association between CRP concentration and atherosclerosis has been reported. Atherosclerosis is rare in dogs, but the Miniature Schnauzer breed may be at increased risk for developing this vascular disease. It is not known if CRP concentrations in Miniature Schnauzer dogs differ from those in other dog breeds.Objectives: Our objectives were to validate an automated human CRP assay for measuring CRP in dogs and compare CRP concentrations in healthy Miniature Schnauzer dogs with those in non‐Miniature Schnauzer breeds.Methods: Sera from 37 non‐Miniature Schnauzer dogs with inflammatory disease were pooled and used to validate a human CRP immunoturbidimetric assay for measuring canine CRP. Blood was collected from 20 healthy Miniature Schnauzer dogs and 41 healthy dogs of other breeds. Median serum CRP concentration of healthy Miniature Schnauzer dogs was compared with that of healthy non‐Miniature Schnauzer dogs.Results: The human CRP assay measured CRP reliably with linearity between 0 and 20 mg/L. CRP concentration for healthy Miniature Schnauzer dogs (median 4.0 mg/L, minimum–maximum 0–18.2 mg/L) was significantly higher than for the healthy non‐Miniature Schnauzer dogs (median 0.1 mg/L, minimum–maximum 0–10.7 mg/L); 17 of the 20 Miniature Schnauzer dogs had values that overlapped with those of the non‐Miniature Schnauzer dogs.Conclusions: Median CRP concentration of Miniature Schnauzer dogs was slightly higher than that of other breeds of dogs. A relationship between higher CRP concentration in Miniature Schnauzer dogs and idiopathic hyperlipidemia, pancreatitis, and possible increased risk for atherosclerosis remains to be determined.
Leadership research: choosing gods and devils on the run*
Authors: McCALL MORGAN W. 
Published: August 2011

The accumulated research, while contributing substantially to our understanding of complex leadership processes, has not yet produced an integrated body of knowledge. Still plagued by definitional ambiguity, a proliferation of terms, and contradictory research findings, the mountain of evidence has left many unanswered questions.Traditional approaches to leadership have focused primarily on the relationship between the leader and the group. Studies of what managers actually do—as opposed to what they should, could, or say they do—suggest that the leader–system relationship may be a more fruitful focus. The nature of managerial work, as reflected by observed behaviour, can be a valuable guide for designing future leadership research and training.
Significance of work and personality
Authors: RIM Y. 
Published: August 2011

This study's aim was to investigate preferences for different work functions between men and women employees according to their Protestant Ethic (PE) orientation and personality.It was found that men with high PE values most preferred Self‐realization and Intrinsic work satisfaction. The Economic function was least important to them. Men with low PE values most preferred Self‐realization and Social contact; their least important functions were Security and Power.Women high on PE preferred Social contact and Self‐realization and Security. All women subjects ranked Patterning of time and Power as the least preferred functions of work.Three work functions—Social contact, Patterning of time and Power were most important for men and women high on neuroticism and extraversion. Two additional functions were significantly more important for high N, high E men only: Economic and Social position.