bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of atrial tachyarrhythmias in an implantable monitoring device
Authors: Abe Haruhiko 
Published: July 2012

AbstractState‐of‐the‐art, implantable, dual‐chamber cardiac devices provide useful diagnostic information, including the number and duration of automatic‐mode switch episodes in cases of atrial tachycardia and atrial fibrillation encountered in clinical practice. However, to acquire accurate diagnostic information, special attention must be paid to the device settings; to the presence or absence of ventriculoatrial conduction, which, when present, often represents repetitive non‐reentrant synchrony (RNRVAS) or pacemaker‐mediated tachycardia; to the post‐ventricular atrial‐blanking period and atrial sensitivity; and to the sensing of far‐field R waves (FFRW) in the atrial channel. Physicians should be careful about the information gathered during the monitoring of patients with implantable devices.
Fact‐finding survey of antithrombotic treatment for prevention of cerebral and systemic thromboembolism in patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation in 9 countries of the Asia‐Pacific region
Authors: Ogawa Satoshi , Aonuma Kazutaka , Huang Dejia , Huang Jin‐Long , Kalman Jonathan , Kamakura Shiro , Nair Mohan , Shin Dong‐Gu , Stiles Martin , Teo Wee Siong , Tse Hung‐Fat , Yamane Teiichi 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) has been gaining much attention as one of the major causes of cerebral infarction. It is imperative to establish antithrombotic treatment for AF patients. Thus far, guidelines for antithrombotic treatment in the management of AF patients, including the verification of the efficacy of direct thrombin and factor Xa inhibitors, have been published from the United States, Europe, Canada, and Japan. When we look at the Asia‐Pacific region, antithrombotic treatment has not yet been defined, and no such guidelines have been published in this regard. The Asia‐Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS) conducted a Web‐based survey between June and August 2011, to elucidate the current status of antithrombotic treatment in 9 countries.A total of 363 cardiologists in 9 countries examined 300 patients with cardiovascular disease per month on an average; of these patients, 37 (12%) had nonvalvular AF (NVAF; 6.5% in India to 16.9% in Australia).The survey revealed that NVAF patients were not always administered appropriate antithrombotic treatment. These data give us a foothold for the next step, i.e., the formulation, of the APHRS practice guidelines.
Demonstration of entrainment in a case of adenosine‐sensitive focal atrial tachycardia near the His‐bundle
Authors: Mori Shumpei , Yagi Tetsuo , Kaneko Umihiko , Takizawa Kaname , Inoue Naoto , Meguro Taiichiro 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAdenosine‐sensitive focal atrial tachycardia (AT) has been shown to originate in the confined area near the His‐bundle. While several pieces of evidence support focal reentry as the primary underlying mechanism, few studies have clearly demonstrated entrainment. In this report, we present a case of adenosine‐sensitive focal AT by focal reentry, wherein we were able to obtain clear evidence for entrainment.
A brief report on the nationwide survey of catheter ablation in Japan/the Japanese Catheter Ablation Registry (JCAR)
Authors: Murakawa Yuji , Nogami Akihiko , Hirao Kenzo , Shoda Morio , Aonuma Kazutaka , Ikeguchi Sigeru , Iwa Toru , Ushinohama Hiroya , Uno Kikuya , Okishige Kaoru , Kawamura Yuichiro , Kumagai Koichiro , Goya Masahiko , Kobayashi Yoshinori , Sakurada Harumizu , Sasaki Shingo , Sumitomo Naokata , Soejima Kyoko , Takahashi Atsushi , Tanno Kaoru , Chinushi Masaomi , Naito Shigeto , Nakazato Yuji , Nishizaki Mitsuhiro , Matsumoto Kazuo , Miyauchi Yasufumi , Yamane Teiichi , Watanabe Ichiro , Aizawa Yoshifusa , Nitta Takashi , Okumura Ken 
Published: July 2012

AbstractTo comprehensively grasp the present state of catheter ablation of arrhythmias in Japan, the Japanese Heart Rhythm Society performed a nationwide survey. Data of procedures of the treatment, results, and complications of 8469 patients who had undergone ablation of any form of arrhythmia during January 2008 and July 2010 were collected.
High‐risk transseptal puncture in a patient with a “pancake” deformity in the left atrium caused by descending aorta displacement
Authors: Nishimura Takuro , Fukamizu Seiji , Matsushita Noriko , Hojo Rintaro , Hayashi Takekuni , Abe Tomomi , Komiyama Kota , Tanabe Yasuhiro , Tejima Tamotsu , Sakurada Harumizu , Nishizaki Mitsuhiro , Hiraoka Masayasu 
Published: July 2012

AbstractCatheter ablation via the transseptal approach has recently become a widely performed technique for treating atrial fibrillation (AF). However, fluoroscopic imaging provides limited anatomic guidance for the left atrial structure. We describe the case of a 78‐year‐old man who was referred to our hospital for pulmonary vein isolation for symptomatic paroxysmal AF. He had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis for which he had undergone a right upper lobectomy. A “pancake” deformity of the left atrium (LA) was observed using 64‐slice multislice computed tomography. We performed a transseptal puncture by using real‐time three‐dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (RT3D‐TEE) in combination with fluoroscopic imaging, without any complications. Although transseptal puncture can be performed without echocardiographic guidance in most patients, in our patient, RT3D‐TEE proved to be a very helpful imaging technique to access the LA.
Long‐term effectiveness of right septal pacing vs. right apical pacing in patients with atrioventricular block
Authors: Kikuchi Miwa , Tanno Kaoru , Miyoshi Fumito , Munetsugu Yumi , Onuma Yoshimasa , Ito Hiroyuki , Adachi Taro , Kawamura Mitsuharu , Asano Taku , Kobayashi Youichi 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackgroundLong‐term right ventricular apical (RVA) pacing increases the risk of heart failure (HF) by inducing ventricular dyssynchronization. Although recent studies suggest that right ventricular septal (RVS) pacing results in improved short‐term outcomes, its long‐term effectiveness remains unclear.Methods and resultsThis study investigated 149 consecutive patients who underwent implantation of a dual chamber pacemaker for atrioventricular block with either RVS‐pacing between July 2007 and June 2010 or RVA‐pacing between January 2003 and June 2007. The endpoint was defined as death and hospitalization due to heart failure (HF). The rates of mortality and hospitalization due to HF were significantly lower in the RVS‐pacing group than that in the RVA‐pacing group (event free RVS: 1 year, 98% and 2 years, 98%; RVA: 1 year, 85% and 2 years, 81%; p<0.05). None of the patients died from HF in the RVS‐pacing group, while 4 patients died from HF in the RVA‐pacing group within 2 years after pacemaker implantation. The paced QRS interval was significantly shorter with RVS pacing than with RVA pacing at different times after pacemaker implantation (RVS: immediately 157.8±24.0 ms, after 3 months 157.3±17.5 ms, after 6 months 153.6±21.7 ms, after 12 months 153.6±19.4 ms, after 24 months 149.3±24.0 ms vs. RVA: immediately 168.3±23.7 ms, after 3 months 168.7±26.0 ms, after 6 months 168.0±22.8 ms, after 12 months 171.2±22.3 ms, after 24 months 176.1±25.5 ms; p<0.05).ConclusionsRVS pacing is feasible and safe with more favorable clinical benefits than RVA pacing.
Implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator failure unmasked by a “lucky” shock
Authors: Eng Lim K. , Walters Tomos E. , Gould Paul A. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA young woman with placement of a dual‐chamber implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) and a history of prior cardiac arrest due to congenital long QT syndrome presented with defibrillation caused by a ventricular fibrillation arrest. Routine device interrogation revealed significant lead dysfunction. During device revision, breaches were detected in the insulation of both leads within the pre‐pectoral pocket and an “arc mark” was observed on the ICD generator casing; these findings were consistent with a high‐voltage discharge through a short circuit between the denuded right ventricular lead and the casing. In this case, system failure was unmasked only by interrogation after appropriate device activation, which highlights the importance of thorough evaluation after all ICD activations.
Nippon Storm Study design
Authors: Kurita Takashi , Noda Takashi , Nitta Takashi , Furushima Hiroshi , Shimizu Akihiko , Ohe Tohru , Aizawa Yoshifusa , Chiba Yasutaka 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAn understanding of the clinical aspects of electrical storm (E‐storms) in patients with implantable cardiac shock devices (ICSDs: ICDs or cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillator [CRT‐D]) may provide important information for clinical management of patients with ICSDs. The Nippon Storm Study was organized by the Japanese Heart Rhythm Society (JHRS) and Japanese Society of Electrocardiology and was designed to prospectively collect a variety of data from patients with ICSDs, with a focus on the incidence of E‐storms and clinical conditions for the occurrence of an E‐storm. Forty main ICSD centers in Japan are participating in the present study. From 2002, the JHRS began to collect ICSD patient data using website registration (termed Japanese cardiac defibrillator therapy registration, or JCDTR). This investigation aims to collect data on and investigate the general parameters of patients with ICSDs, such as clinical backgrounds of the patients, purposes of implantation, complications during the implantation procedure, and incidence of appropriate and inappropriate therapies from the ICSD. The Nippon Storm Study was planned as a sub‐study of the JCDTR with focus on E‐storms. We aim to achieve registration of more than 1000 ICSD patients and complete follow‐up data collection, with the assumption of a 5–10% incidence of E‐storms during the 2‐year follow‐up.
Current strategies for non‐pharmacological therapy of long‐standing persistent atrial fibrillation
Authors: Yamane Teiichi 
Published: July 2012

AbstractNon‐pharmacological rhythm control of atrial fibrillation (AF) is becoming increasingly important in our aging society. Advancement of catheter ablation techniques in the last decade has provided a cure for AF patients, with a nearly established efficiency for paroxysmal cases. However, since ablation of persistent/chronic AF cases is still challenging, early treatment of paroxysmal AF before transformation to the persistent/chronic form is mandatory. Although there is a consensus that pulmonary vein isolation is the first‐line approach for ablation of long‐standing persistent AF, similar to that for paroxysmal AF, there are still wide variations in the adjunctive approach to modify the atrial substrate of persistent AF (anatomical linear ablation, electrogram‐based complex fractionated atrial electrogram ablation, ganglionated plexus ablation, etc.). Since data comparing the effectiveness of these adjunctive approaches are still lacking, large‐scale controlled trials evaluating the effect of catheter ablation in diverse patient populations on a long‐term basis are needed to establish the appropriate approach for long‐standing persistent AF. Furthermore, the development of de novo ablation methods (new energies, new targets, etc.) is expected to improve ablation outcome in patients with long‐standing persistent AF.
Atrial tachycardia caused by a superior vena cava fibrillation with conduction block
Authors: Nozoe Masatsugu , Koyama Junjiroh , Honda Toshihiro , Nakao Koichi 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAT caused by SVC fibrillationHere, we report a case of a 62‐year‐old man with a history of incessant atrial tachycardia (AT) for several years. An electrophysiological study revealed rapid and irregular activity in the superior vena cava (SVC), but the surface 12‐lead electrocardiogram (ECG) exhibited a relatively regular AT (atrial cycle length=240 ms). CARTO mapping of the right atrium (RA) demonstrated that the earliest atrial activation occurred at the posterior septum of the upper RA (the SVC–RA junction). Intravenous administration of 20 mg adenosine triphosphate (ATP) led to an acceleration of the SVC–RA conduction up to 1:1 conduction, and the atrial cycle length decreased, consequently converting the AT to transient atrial fibrillation (AF). Application of single radiofrequency energy at the earliest atrial activation site during tachycardia terminated the AT and achieved isolation of the SVC from the RA, despite the continued presence of fibrillation in the SVC. We speculated that SVC fibrillation with spontaneous conduction block at the SVC–RA junction was the cause of this AT.
A case of typical atrial flutter causing unexpected advanced atrioventricular block despite lateral cavotricuspid isthmus ablation
Authors: Mano Hiroaki , Okumura Yasuo , Watanabe Ichiro , Nagashima Koichi , Nakai Toshiko , Ohkubo Kimie , Kofune Tatsuya , Kofune Masayoshi , Sonoda Kazumasa , Haruta Hironori , Hirayama Atsushi 
Published: July 2012

AbstractHere, we report a case of a 69‐year‐old patient with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and inducible typical atrial flutter who required catheter ablation. After pulmonary vein isolation, cavotricuspid isthmus ablation was performed. During ablation at a lateral site of the cavotricuspid isthmus, a spiky potential appeared at the distal electrode of the ablation catheter, and subsequently, a 2:1 atrioventricular (AV) block occurred. Radiofrequency (RF) delivery at the same site caused a similar phenomenon, implying that the spiky potential may reflect a slow pathway potential as an anatomical variant of the rightward extension of the AV node.
ON KNOWLEDGE AND OBLIGATION
Authors: Başķent Can , Loohuis Loes Olde , Parikh Rohit 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThis article provides a brief overview of several formal frameworks concerning the relation between knowledge (or belief) on the one hand, and obligation (or permission) on the other. We discuss the paradox of the knower, knowledge based obligation, knowingly doing, deontic dynamic epistemology, descriptive obligations, and responsibilities as dynamic epistemology.
The legacy of Islam in Somnath
Authors: Shokoohy Mehrdad 
Published: July 2012

AbstractSince the sack of Somnath by Maḥmūd of Ghazna in 1025–26, Somnath has been a byword for religious orthodoxy, intolerance and conflict between Muslims and Hindus. Yet looking further than Maḥmūd's greed for the temple's gold and later the Delhi sultans' appetite for territory, Somnath and most other towns of Saurashtra had long-established settlements of Muslims engaged in international maritime trade. The settlers, while adhering to their own values, respected their hosts and their traditions and enjoyed the support of the local rajas. It is only in recent years that Hindu nationalist parties have revived the story of Maḥmūd to evoke resentment against the era of Muslim domination, with the aim of inducing communal tensions and gaining political power. The inscriptions and many mosques and Muslim shrines in this Hindu holy city and its vicinity bear witness to the long history of harmonious co-existence between Hindus and Muslims. This paper explores the Muslim culture of Somnath by studying its major mosques. Through an analytic exploration of the typology of the mosques of Saurashtra, the paper demonstrates that while the old centres of power in Gujarat lay outside Saurashtra it is in Somnath and its neighbouring towns that numerous mosques dating from prior to the sultanate of Gujarat still stand. These monuments help illuminate our understanding of early Muslim architecture in Gujarat and its aesthetic evolution from the time of the peaceful maritime settlements to the establishment of the Gujarat Sultanate.
Pathways from harsh parenting to adolescent antisocial behavior: A multidomain test of gender moderation
Authors: Burnette Mandi L. , Oshri Assaf , Lax Rachael , Richards Dayton , Ragbeer Shayne N. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe tested for gender moderation within a multidomain model of antisocial behavior (ASB) among community youth, drawn from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods study. Youths (N= 1,639) were 9 to 12 years old at baseline and were followed for two additional waves, spaced approximately 2.5 years apart. We hypothesized that harsh and physically coercive parenting, afamilial levelrisk factor, would impactindividual levelrisk factors for ASB, such as childhood temperament ratings of emotionality and inhibitory control, and preadolescent externalizing and internalizing symptoms, as well as involvement with antisocialpeers. We further hypothesized that this process and its impact on ASB would be moderated by gender. We used both multiple indicator multiple causes and multiple group analyses to test for gender moderation and a structural equation modeling multiple mediation framework to evaluate the strength of indirect effects. We tested the role of family, individual, and peer level influences on ASB, after accounting for the role of known contextual factors, including poverty, race, and neighborhood. Our overall model fit the data well for males and females, indicating harsh parenting, disinhibition, emotionality, and peers exert a strong influence on risk for ASB. Gender moderated the pathway from harsh parenting to externalizing behavior, such that this was a significant pathway for girls, but not boys. We discussed the importance of these findings with regard to intervention planning for youth at risk for ASB and future gender-informed models of ASB.
The effects of child maltreatment on early signs of antisocial behavior: Genetic moderation by tryptophan hydroxylase, serotonin transporter, and monoamine oxidase A genes
Authors: Cicchetti Dante , Rogosch Fred A. , Thibodeau Eric L. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractGene–environment interaction effects in predicting antisocial behavior in late childhood were investigated among maltreated and nonmaltreated low-income children (N= 627,Mage = 11.27). Variants in three genes were examined: tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1), serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR), and monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) upstream variable number tandem repeat. In addition to child maltreatment status, we considered the impact of maltreatment subtypes, developmental timing of maltreatment, and chronicity. Indicators of antisocial behavior were obtained from self-, peer, and adult counselor reports. In a series of analyses of covariance, child maltreatment and its parameters demonstrated strong main effects on early antisocial behavior as assessed by all report forms. Genetic effects operated primarily in the context of gene–environment interactions, moderating the impact of child maltreatment on outcomes. Across the three genes, among nonmaltreated children no differences in antisocial behavior were found based on genetic variation. In contrast, among maltreated children specific polymorphisms ofTPH1,5-HTTLPR, andMAOAwere each related to heightened self-report of antisocial behavior; the interaction of5-HTTLPRand developmental timing of maltreatment also indicated more severe antisocial outcomes for children with early onset and recurrent maltreatment based on genotype.TPH1and5-HTTLPRinteracted with maltreatment subtype to predict peer reports of antisocial behavior; genetic variation contributed to larger differences in antisocial behavior among abused children. TheTPH1and5-HTTLPRpolymorphisms also moderated the effects of maltreatment subtype on adult reports of antisocial behavior; again, the genetic effects were strongest for children who were abused. In addition,TPH1moderated the effect of developmental timing of maltreatment and chronicity on adult reports of antisocial behavior. The findings elucidate how genetic variation contributes to identifying which maltreated children are most vulnerable to antisocial development.
Effects of divorce on Dutch boys' and girls' externalizing behavior in Gene × Environment perspective: Diathesis stress or differential susceptibility in the Dutch Tracking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey study?
Authors: Nederhof Esther , Belsky Jay , Ormel Johan , Oldehinkel Albertine J. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe effects of divorce on children's behavioral development have proven to be quite varied across studies, and most developmental and family scholars today appreciate the great heterogeneity in divorce effects. Thus, this inquiry sought to determine whether select dopaminergic genes previously associated with externalizing behavior and/or found to moderate diverse environmental effects (dopamine receptors D2 and D4, catechol-O-methyltransferase) might moderate divorce effects on adolescent self-reported externalizing problems; and, if so, whether evidence of gene–environment (G × E) interaction would prove consistent with diathesis–stress or differential-susceptibility models of environmental action. Data from the first and third wave of the Dutch Tracking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (n = 1,134) revealed some evidence of G × E interaction reflecting diathesis–stress but not differential susceptibility. It is intriguing that some evidence pointed to “vantage sensitivity,” which are benefits accruing to those with a specific genotype when their parents remained together, the exact opposite of diathesis–stress. The limits of this work are considered, especially with regard to the conditions for testing differential susceptibility, and future directions are outlined.
Testing multiple levels of influence in the intergenerational transmission of alcohol disorders from a developmental perspective: The example of alcohol use promoting peers and μ-opioid receptor M1 variation
Authors: Chassin Laurie , Lee Matthew R. , Cho Young Il , Wang Frances L. , Agrawal Arpana , Sher Kenneth J. , Lynskey Michael T. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThis study examined the interplay between the influence of peers who promote alcohol use and μ-opioid receptor M1 (OPRM1) genetic variation in the intergenerational transmission of alcohol use disorder (AUD) symptoms while separating the “traitlike” components of AUD symptoms from their age-specific manifestations at three ages from emerging adulthood (17–23 years) to adulthood (29–40 years). The results for males were consistent with genetically influenced peer selection mechanisms as mediators of parent alcoholism effects. Male children of alcoholics were less likely to be carriers of the G allele in single nucleotide polymorphism A118G (rs1799971), and those who were homozygous for the A allele were more likely to affiliate with alcohol use promoting peers who increased the risk for AUD symptoms at all ages. There was evidence for women of an interaction between OPRM1 variation and peer affiliations but only at the earliest age band. Peer influences had stronger effects among women who were G-carriers. These results illustrate the complex ways in which the interplay between influences at multiple levels of analysis can underlie the intergenerational transmission of alcohol disorders as well as the importance of considering age and gender differences in these pathways.