bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How do we get started with offering MOOKP clinical service?
Authors: FUKUDA M , HAMADA S , LIU C 
Published: September 2009

AbstractModified osteo‐odonto keratoprosthesis (MOOKP) is complicated two step surgery. Firstly, we must understand why it is effective for visual recovery of end‐stage ocular surface diseases like Stevens‐ Johnson syndrome. MOOKP have a lot of advantages compared to other K‐pros, for example the using auto tissue of canine tooth root and buccal mucous membrane, the tight adhesions between optical cylinder and canine tooth root, the adhesion between MOOKP lamina and sclera or cornea, the strong ocular surface by auto buccal mucous membrane, no inflammation on the back of optical cylinder and so on. However, the precise surgical techniques and proper instructions are necessary to succeed the very first case in newly set surgical center. In Japan, we successfully set up the MOOKP center and did perform 4 cases of MOOKP since 2003. We share our experience about it and point out our modification adjustable for Japanese patients.
Retinal detachment in Falcinelli's modified osteoodontokeratoprosthesis
Authors: COLLIARDO P , FALCINELLI G 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose Aim is to evaluate the incidence, surgical treatment and outcomes of retinal detachment in eyes that had undergone Falcinelli's modified osteoodontokeratoprosthesis (MOOKP). Methods Technological and surgical advancements allow to treat successfully a severe pathology as retinal detachment, even in eyes with keratoprosthesis (KPro). The autors accurately describe the surgical technique which usually uses an Eckardt or Landers temporary KPro, a pars plana vitrectomy and a gas or silicone oil tamponade, even if in selected cases it is possible to perform just a scleral buckling. Results By the means of the described techniques good anatomical success and improvement in visual acuity have been obtained. Nine retinal detachments were successfully operated, one retinal detachment was unsuccessfully operated, four retinal detachments were judged to be inoperable for severe proliferative vitreoretinopathy because of late turning‐up to clinical examination and lack of technology in the 70's. Conclusion The autors point out that an accurate MOOKP procedure it is necessary for preventing the retinal detachment. An early diagnosis by echography performed at every clinical examination during the follow‐up in patients with MOOKP and an appropriate surgical planning for each case are fundamental for a better anatomo‐functional outcome.
Effects of photodynamic therapy on retinal vessels in the mouse model of laser‐induced choroidal neovascularization
Authors: EVERS C , RANJBAR M , GROSS NJ , MARTIN G , AGOSTINI HT 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose Primary treatment of mouse eyes with argon laser and subsequently photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin 10 days after results in a destruction of retinal structures. Our study analyses the preconditions of this effect and examines its potential benefit to a model for retinal angiogenesis. Methods Eyes of adult mice were treated with argon laser in three areas of the eye background to induce CNV formation. Two of these areas additionally got PDT 10 days after. The mice obtained a perfusion with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) dextran after another 4 days. Retinal flat‐mounts were stained with lectin. Results Areas without laser‐treatment before PDT showed no lesions in retinal vessels, whereas in areas that underwent a combination of laser‐treatment and PDT destructions of retinal capillary vessels cropped up. Conditions for this effect were optimized. Conclusion Laser‐treatment seems to be prerequisite for a destructive effect on retinal capillary vessels by means of a following PDT.
In vitro antimicrobial effect of vitreous endotamponading substances
Authors: MONTERO MORENO JA , SANCHIS MERINO ME , RUIZ‐MORENO JM 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose To demonstrate the in vitro bactericidal, bacteriostatic or inert role of endotamponading substances. Methods Clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium sp were cultured on blood agar plates in sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)and perfluoropropane (C3F8)atmospheres and under silicone oil (SO) and liquid perfluorocarbon (LPFC). The same germs were cultured under aerobic and anaerobic atmospheres as controls. Results SO, SF6 and C3F8 did not significantly inhibit the growth of anaerobic bacteria but markedly reduced the growth of aerobic germs, as compared with aerobic conditions. The growth of the bacteria under SO and SF6 and C3F8 was very similar to that observed under anaerobic conditions. LPFC did not affect the growth of aerobic or anaerobic bacteria. Conclusion Endotamponading gases and liquids seem to improve the visual and anatomical outcome of infected eyes and may limit the proliferation of aerobic germs in vitro. It is not known to what extent the antimicrobial effect of these substances would appear in vivo since oxygen diffusion from the blood could allow the growth of aerobic germs.
Pigmented eyelid lesion ‐ unexpected findings
Authors: LOEFFLER KU 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose To present the clinical and histologic findings of an unusual eyelid lesion. Methods A 63‐year‐old patient was referred to our Department with a small painless nodular tumour of his left lower eyelid. The lesion had been present for about six months and had increased in size during the last weeks. Slit lamp microscopy revealed a lesion with a smooth surface near the lid margin. On eversion of the eyelid there was some associated pigmentation on the tarsal conjunctiva which had caused the referring Ophthalmologist to suspect a melanocytic process. The lesion was removed by wedge resection and examined by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Results Findings will be demonstrated at the meeting. Conclusion The lesion presented here is a rare entity but should be considered in the differential of some fairly common eyelid tumours.
Bevacizumab and ranibizumab treatments for neovascularization from causes other than age‐related macular degeneration
Authors: AZIZ S , BANERJEE S 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose To report the results of intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) and ranibizumab (Lucentis) treatment for ocular neovascularization from causes other than age‐related macular degeneration. Methods We performed a retrospective case note analysis of eyes who received intravitreal bevacizumab and ranibizumab for patients with ocular neovascularization. Repeated treatment occurred if there were signs of recurrence of disease activity. The main outcome measures were visual acuity, clinical signs and findings on optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography. Results Nine patients (10 eyes) were included in this study. Diagnoses included subfoveal choroidal neovascularization secondary to punctate inner choroidopathy (n=2), myopic degeneration (n=2), pseudoxanthoma elasticum (n=1). Others have proliferative diabetic retinopathy (n=2), central retinal vein occlusion (n=1), clinically significant macular oedema (n=1), Coat’s disease (n=1). The range of baseline visual acuity was from counting fingers to 6/9. The mean fellow‐up was 12 months; the mean number of injections in 9 eyes was 1.5. One eye had 12 injections. At the last fellow‐up, 9 eyes had improved or stable visual acuity. There were no complications reported. Conclusion Ocular neovascularization secondary to non AMD causes treated with intravitreous bevacizumab and ranibizumab responded favourably, despite varying underlying aetiologies.
Complex regulation of choroidal blood flow during combined changes in blood pressure and IOP
Authors: SCHMETTERER L 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose In the recent years it has been shown that the human choroid shows some regulatory capacity during an artifical increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) as well as during an exercise induced increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP). The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that human choroidal blood flow (ChBF) may depend, not only on ocular perfusion pressure (OPP), but also on absolute levels of MAP and IOP. Methods In a clinical study in 28 helathy subjects OPP was varied by elevating IOP during a squatting‐induced increase in MAP. IOP was raised in stepwise increments by using the suction cup method. Subfoveal choroidal blood flow (VhBF, laser Doppler flowmetry), MAP, and IOP were assessed, and OPP was calculated as (2/3)(MAP ‐ IOP). For correlation analysis, data from all subjects were pooled according to IOP and MAP values, and correlation analyses were performed. Results When data were grouped according to IOP, no correlation was observed between ChBF and MAP; but ChBFs were lower, the higher the IOP (P < 0.001). When data were grouped according to MAP, a significant correlation was found between ChBF and IOP (P < 0.001), but correlations were independent of MAP. Conclusion These data confirm previously published observations that the choroid shows some regulatory capacity during changes in OPP. In addition, the data indicate that the choroid regulates its blood flow better during exercise‐induced changes in MAP than during an experimental increase in IOP.
Comparison of Spectralis Fourier‐domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and time‐domain Stratus OCT for the evaluation of macular thickness in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2
Authors: GIL ARRIBAS L , IDOIPE M , GARCIA MARTIN E , PINILLA I , FUERTES I 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose To compare spectralis fourier‐domain OCT with Stratus Time‐Domain OCT for measuring macular thickness in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 without retinopathy. Methods Prospective study of 49 patients with diabetes type 2. Twenty‐one men (42.9%) and twenty‐eight women (57.1%) were included. One eye by each patient was ramdomly included in the study. All of them were underwent three macular 512x128 volume cube scans with the Spectralis OCT system and with the Stratus OCT. The average of all the scans was calculated. The macular values of the nine areas corresponding to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) protocol were compared between the two systems. Results We found statistically significant differences in all macular measures between the two systems (p<0.001). The average of macular thickness measured with Spectralis OCT was approximately 266.84 µm (± 12.22). The average of macular thickness using Stratus OCT was 194.56 µm (± 12.04). The difference of foveal values between both devices was approximately 72.28 µm (± 9.67). Retinal thickness values were higher with Spectralis OCT Conclusion Macular measurements using Spectralis OCT are higher than those measured with Stratus OCT in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. The results are comparable with the results obtained between Stratus OCT and Cirrus‐HD OCT in the same conditions and with the same sample of patients and with the values obtained in healthy subjects.
Keratoprosthesis surgery: Eastern European and Russian devices
Authors: ZAGORSKI ZF , YAKIMIENKO S , MOROZ ZI 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose To present the development and current status of keratoprosthesis surgery in Eastern Europe. Methods Collection of data from coauthors and other surgeons involved in k‐pro surgery. Results Large numbers of surgeries were performed in Filatov's Institute in Odessa (Ukraine), where over 1000 different types of devices developed by Puchkovskaya, Yakimienko and Golubenko were imlanted since 1966. The last model, s.c. "universal separable device" was implanted in over 750 with the best results (extrusion occured in about 2.5% cases). K‐pro devices in Russia were mostly developed by S. Fyodorov Z. Moroz, V. Zuyev, ?. Krasnov, V. Volkov, R. Gundorova, N. Ushakov and V. Bedilo. Over 1500 surgeries sine 1969 resulted in the visual aquity improvement in 94% of cases. Haptics were made of titanium, stainless steel and also biocompatible materials (xenopericardium). In Poland about 100 surgeries were performed using mostly Russian and Ukrainian devices. The results were less favorable than in countries of origin. Small numbers were also implanted in other East European states. Conclusion In former Soviet Union keratoprosthesis surgery was well developed in selected centers (Moscow, Odessa). Surgeons in these places have gained extraordinary experience performing hundredes of surgeries. The results presented by the authors were excellent, however they were less favorable in the hands of surgeons from other countries.
Glaucoma associated with KPros
Authors: HILLE K 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose Glaucoma is one of the most serious problems in Keratoprostheses. Already glaucoma is very frequent in patients with severe changes of the ocular surface requiring keratoprosthesis surgery. About 50% of those patients have pre‐existing secondary glaucoma. Preoperatively all efforts should be done to detect its presence very early on. In KPro detection of glaucoma with traditional aids is difficult. A rough estimation of the tension by digital palpation will be the only available method. All indirect clues such as the medical history of glaucoma, echographic signs of disc cupping and anterior synechiae and examination of the visual field should be considered. Methods The incidence of postoperative secondary glaucoma vary among the different kinds of prostheses according to the surgery affecting the anterior segment and the long term anatomic results. In Osteo‐Odonto‐Keratoprostheses (OOKP) the most vision threatening complication is a primary or secondary glaucoma, due to the extended interventions required in the anterior segment. In Boston Keratoprostheses the risk seems to be somehow less. Results As the absorption of topical anti‐glaucomatous medication will not reach the inner eye because of the anatomic barrier in KPro the only promising possibilities of treatment are systemic carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, different kinds of aqueous shunts and endo‐cyclo‐laserphotocoagulation. Conclusion Glaucoma is still a mayor problem in KPro. PS: This lession will be presented at the KPro‐Meeting!!
Does imaging help with preventing extrusion?
Authors: GOMAA A , SIPKOVA Z , FRANCIS I , HEROLD J , THORP S , LIU C 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBoth clinical and radiological methods can be used for early detection of resorption in OOKP patients; this is influential in preventing serious complications such as extrusion and endophthalmitis. Radiologically, use of either multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) or electron beam tomography (EBT) is valuable in identifying laminar resorption. A novel approach was recently adopted in Sussex Eye Hospital, using volume rendering software in processing previously obtained MDCT images, to calculate volume of the OOKP lamina rather than 2D measurements. We present the results of an observational retrospective case series study to illustrate the use of this approach. We describe how it can be used to calculate percentage change in volume of the lamina over time and how this can be correlated with clinical laminar resorption. We will also discuss further recommendations to build upon this advance.
Comparison of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in healthy subjects measured by spectral‐domain Cirrus optical coherence tomography and time‐domain Stratus optical coherence tomography
Authors: FUERTES I , PINILLA I , GARCIA MARTIN E , GIL ARRIBAS L , IDOIPE M , CALVO PEREZ P 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose to compare Cirrus Fourier‐domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) with Stratus Time‐domain OCT for measuring the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in healthy subjects. Methods One hundred and thirty two healthy subjects were prospectively and consecutively selected. Only one eye was ramdomly included in the study. All of them underwent three optic disc cube 200x200 scans with the Cirrus HD‐OCT system (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc.). The average of the 3 scans was calculated. With the Stratus OCT system (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc.) a fast RNFL thickness scan was recorded. The average of RNFL thickness, and RNFL thickness at each quadrant, and each 12 clock‐hours position was evaluated comparing both devices. Reproducibility of RNFL thickness measurements using de Cirrus HD‐OCT was studied, and the variation coefficient (COV) was calculated. Results Mean age was 40.06 ± 13.63 years (ranged from 17 to 72 years). Thirty nine were men (29.5%) and 93 women (70.5%). The average of the peripapillary RNFL thickness was 96.16 µm and 98.27 µm using Cirrus HD‐OCT and Stratus OCT respectively (p=0.001). Statistically differences were found in the temporal quadrant (p=0.026) as well as in several hour sectors. The Cirrus HD‐OCT reproducibility was high, with a mean COV of 4.54% (ranged from 1.64% to 6.37%). Conclusion Mean peripapillary RNFL thickness measured with Cirrus HD‐OCT is slightly lower than with Stratus OCT.
Comparison of spectral‐domain Cirrus optical coherence tomography and time‐domain Stratus optical coherence tomography for the evaluation of macular thickness in healthy subjects
Authors: FUERTES I , PINILLA I , GARCIA MARTIN E , IDOIPE M , GIL ARRIBAS L 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose to compare Cirrus Fourier‐domain optical coherence tomograph (OCT) with Stratus Time‐domain OCT for acquiring retinal images and measuring retinal thickness. Methods Eighty five eyes from 85 healthy subjects, 26 men (30.6%) and 59 women (69.4%), aged 16 to 72 years were prospective and consecutively selected. All of them underwent three macular 512x128 volume cube scans with the Cirrus HD‐OCT system (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc.). The average of these three scans was calculated. With the Stratus OCT system (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc.) a fast macular scan was recorded. The nine areas corresponding to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) macular protocol were compared between both devices. The reproducibility of macular thickness measurements using de Cirrus HD‐OCT was studied, and the variation coefficient (COV) of each parameter was assessed. Results Cirrus HD‐OCT macular thickness measurements were approximately 64.22 µm higher than those from Stratus OCT (266.40 µm vs 202.18 µm). The measurements in all nine ETDRS areas were statistically higher using the Cirrus HD‐OCT. Nasal inner area showed the highest value. Retinal thickness measurements using the 512x128 macular cube scan were highly reproducible for the nine ETDRS areas. Mean COV was 1.45 ± 1.11% (ranged from 0.98% to 2.49%). The lowest COV was found for the temporal inner ETDRS area (COV=0.98%) and the highest for the central ETDRS area (COV=2.49%). Conclusion Macular measurements using Cirrus HD‐OCT are clearly higher than those obtained by Stratus OCT.
Emerging and poorly known viral inflammatory eye diseases
Authors: KHAIRALLAH M 
Published: September 2009

AbstractArthropod vector borne diseases are among the most important emergent infections. They include a wide variety of bacterial, viral, and parasitic diseases that are transmitted to humans by the bite of mosquito, tick, or other arthropod. Most of them are prevalent in tropical and subtropical areas, but they tend to spread into new regions mainly due to increasing temperatures worldwide, movement of people, increasing human population densities, wider dispersal of competent vectors, and transportation of goods and animals. Numerous arthropod vector borne diseases have been associated with uveitis. Among them, specific viral diseases recently emerged as important causes of uveitis in the developing and developed world. They include West Nile virus (WNV) infection, Rift Valley fever (RVF) , dengue fever (DF), and Chikungunya. These viral diseases have been recently associated with an array of ocular manifestations, including anterior uveitis, retinitis, chorioretinitis, retinal vaculitis, and optic nerve involvement. Proper clinical diagnosis of any of these infectious diseases is based on epidemiological data, history, systemic symptoms and signs, and the pattern of uveitis. The diagnosis is usually confirmed by detection of specific antibody in serum. A systematic ocular examination, showing fairly typical findings, can help establish an early clinical diagnosis of a specific systemic viral infection while serologic testing is pending. Prevention remains the mainstay for control of arthropod vector borne viral diseases.
Appraisal and management of subclinical choroidal inflammation: the iceberg phenomenon
Authors: HERBORT CP 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose To explore further the ocular fundal structures after funduscopy has been performed in intraocular inflammatory diseases, we have at our disposal among other investigational imaging methods, fluorescence angiography comprising fluorescein angiography (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). In most cases dual FA & ICGA is necessary as the two methods image completely different structures. Fluorescein angiography is giving information on superficial structures including the optic disc, the retinal vessels and the retina as well as on the RPE, whereas ICGA is exploring the choroidal compartment. In contrast to FA that usually does not furnish additional information but is only giving more precise images of the superficial structures explored, ICGA is revealing elements, in case of choroidal inflammatory involvement, that no other method can show. The choroidal inflammatory lesions can be very extensive while often causing only faint or no signs during clinical examination and with other investigational imaging methods, a phenomenon which corresponds to the so‐called “iceberg effect”. This aptitude of ICGA to show lesions that are otherwise inaccessible make it an essential method to detect and follow choroidal lesions. Methods Cases where diagnosis cannot be made without ICGA or cases where inflammation can only be followeb by ICGA, the so‐called iceberg constellation because other methods show only faint or no signs, will be presented. Conclusion Inflammatory lesions limited to the choroid cannot be detected without performing ICGA which is indispensible to diagnose purely choroidal diseae and to monitor the evolution of choroidal inflammation.
Use of the contrast sensibility in the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema
Authors: IBANEZ J , VALYI Z , PEREZ GARCIA D , PEIRO C , CRISTOBAL JA , FAURE E , SAINZ A 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose To determine the validity of the contrast sensibility, in the diagnosis of the diabetic retinopathy and macular diabetic edema. Methods Cross ‐sectional observational study consisting of 628 eyes of patients with diabetic retinopathy, being realized the curve of contrast sensibility using the test CSV‐1000E. There were studied 4 spatial frequencies (3,6,12,16 cycles / second). The results were analyzed for each of the frequencies, corrected by the age, degree of diabetic retinopathy and thickness macular. Results In patients with retinopatía diabetic sensibilities of 4 were obtained (3 ciclos/seg) 2 (6 ciclos/seg) and 1,5 (12 and 18 ciclos/seg) .La average decrease of the curve corrected by the age was 30 %, 37 %, 42 % and 45 % for each of the analyzed frequencies. The patients with thicknesses macular top to 400 microns experimented decreases superior to 50 % of the curve of sensibility. Conclusion We find a widespread reduction of the curve of sensibility to the contrast, in patients with diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema. The high frequencies were more prematurely affected, being able to serve in proof of screening, since the functional damage in these frequencies might precede the structural anomaly.