bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic Syndrome and the Functional Outcomes of Hip and Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: GANDHI RAJIV , RAZAK FAHAD , DAVEY J. RODERICK , MAHOMED NIZAR N. 
Published: July 2010

Objective.Patients with an elevated systemic inflammatory state are known to report greater pain with knee osteoarthritis (OA). We investigated the influence of risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on patient function before and after hip and knee replacement surgery.Methods.A total of 677 consecutive patients with primary knee replacement and 547 consecutive patients with primary hip replacement with at least one MetS risk factor were reviewed from our joint registry. Demographic variables of age, sex, and comorbidity were retrieved. MetS risk factors were defined as body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m2, diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. Baseline and 1-year Western Ontario McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores were compared across patients by number of MetS risk factors, ranging from 1 to 4. Linear regression modeling was used to evaluate the effects of the MetS risk groups and the individual metabolic abnormalities on predicting baseline and 1-year WOMAC scores. Knee and hip patients were reviewed separately.Results.The knee and hip patients showed a significant difference in sex distribution, BMI, and mean comorbidity across risk groups (p < 0.05). Unadjusted analysis showed that baseline and 1-year WOMAC scores, for both knee and hip patients, increased significantly with increasing number of MetS risk factors (p < 0.05). The linear regression model with the individual metabolic abnormalities was found to be more predictive of outcome than one with the number of MetS risk factors. Hypertension and obesity were the metabolic factors most predictive of a poorer outcome following hip surgery as compared to just obesity for knee patients.Conclusion.Patient function following joint replacement surgery, particularly hip surgery, is negatively affected by metabolic abnormalities perhaps secondary to the systemic proinflammatory state. This knowledge should be used when counseling patients prior to surgery.
Depression and Cognitive Impairment in Newly Diagnosed Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: PETRI MICHELLE , NAQIBUDDIN MOHAMMAD , CARSON KATHRYN A. , WALLACE DANIEL J. , WEISMAN MICHAEL H. , HOLLIDAY STEPHEN L. , SAMPEDRO MARGARET , PADILLA PATRICIA A. , BREY ROBIN L. 
Published: July 2010

Objective.Cognitive impairment is present in 80% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) 10 years after diagnosis. The natural history of cognitive dysfunction in newly diagnosed SLE is unknown. We examined the association of depression and cognitive performance in newly diagnosed SLE.Methods.A multicenter cohort of 111 patients newly diagnosed (within 9 months) with SLE underwent cognitive function testing using an automated battery [Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM)] with 9 subtests. Depression was measured using the Calgary Depression Scale (CDS).Results.The patient cohort was 97.3% female, 55.9% white, 15.3% African American, 20.7% Hispanic, mean age 37.8 years, mean education 15.2 years. CDS score ranged from 0 to 18 (mean 5.0 ± 4.6). CDS score did not differ by age, sex, ethnicity, or prednisone dose. Higher Krupp Fatigue Severity Scale scores and presence of fibromyalgia were significantly associated with higher CDS score (p < 0.001; p = 0.006, respectively). Depressed patients, defined by a CDS score > 6, had significantly poorer performance on 5 ANAM throughput measures: code substitution (p = 0.03), continuous performance (p = 0.02), matching-to-sample (p = 0.04), simple reaction time (p = 0.02), and the Sternberg memory test (p = 0.04). Adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, education, and prednisone dose, a higher CDS score remained significantly associated with poorer performance on 3 measures, but the association was slightly attenuated for code substitution and matching-to-sample. Depression was not associated with mathematical or spatial processing.Conclusion.Depression, a modifiable risk factor, is associated with significantly poorer function in several cognitive domains in patients newly diagnosed with SLE. Treatment of depression when the CDS score is greater than 6 may improve cognitive functioning and should be further studied.
c-Met and Its Ligand Hepatocyte Growth Factor/Scatter Factor Regulate Mature B Cell Survival in a Pathway Induced by CD74
Authors: Gordin Maya , Tesio Melania , Cohen Sivan , Gore Yael , Lantner Frida , Leng Lin , Bucala Richard , Shachar Idit 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
The signals regulating the survival of mature splenic B cells have become a major focus in recent studies of B cell immunology. Durable B cell persistence in the periphery is dependent on survival signals that are transduced by cell surface receptors. In this study, we describe a novel biological mechanism involved in mature B cell homeostasis, the hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF)/c-Met pathway. We demonstrate that c-Met activation by HGF leads to a survival cascade, whereas its blockade results in induction of mature B cell death. Our results emphasize a unique and critical function for c-Met signaling in the previously described macrophage migration inhibitory factor/CD74-induced survival pathway. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor recruits c-Met to the CD74/CD44 complex and thereby enables the induction of a signaling cascade within the cell. This signal results in HGF secretion, which stimulates the survival of the mature B cell population in an autocrine manner. Thus, the CD74–HGF/c-Met axis defines a novel physiologic survival pathway in mature B cells, resulting in the control of the humoral immune response.
CD30 Ligand/CD30 Plays a Critical Role in Th17 Differentiation in Mice
Authors: Sun Xun , Yamada Hisakata , Shibata Kensuke , Muta Hiromi , Tani Kenzaburo , Podack Eckhard R. , Yoshikai Yasunobu 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA CD30 ligand (CD30L; CD153) and its receptor, CD30, is a membrane-associated glycoprotein belonging to the TNF superfamily and TNFR superfamily. These were expressed preferentially by activated CD4+T cells. In this paper, we show that CD44lowCD62hiCD4+ T cells from CD30L−/− or CD30−/− mice exhibited impaired differentiation into Th17 cells but an increased ability to produce IL-2 after in vitro culture under Th17-polarizing conditions. Neutralization with IL-2 by anti–IL-2 mAb partly restored the ability of Th17 differentiation in CD30L−/− or CD30−/− T cells. Stimulation via CD30L by immobilized anti-CD30L mAb suppressed IL-2 production by CD30−/−CD4+ T cells, indicating that the reverse signal to CD30L is responsible for downregulation of IL-2 production. In vivo Th17 differentiation of CD30L−/−CD4+CD45RBhigh T cells was also impaired after transfer into SCID mice, whereas CD30L+/+CD4+CD45RBhigh T cells normally differentiated into Th17 cells in CD30L−/−SCID mice. The results of these studies demonstrate that CD30L/CD30 signaling executed by the T-T cell interaction plays a critical role in Th17 cell differentiation, at least partly via downregulation of IL-2 production.
Altered B Cell Development and Anergy in the Absence of Foxp3
Authors: Leonardo Steven M. , Josephson Jennifer A. , Hartog Nicholas L. , Gauld Stephen B. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
The importance of regulatory T cells in immune tolerance is illustrated by the human immune dysregulatory disorder IPEX (immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked), caused by a lack of regulatory T cells due to decreased or absent expression of Foxp3. Although the majority of work on regulatory T cells has focused on their ability to suppress T cell responses, the development of significant autoantibody titers in patients with IPEX suggests that regulatory T cells also contribute to the suppression of autoreactive B cells. Using a murine model, deficient in the expression of Foxp3, we show that B cell development is significantly altered in the absence of regulatory T cells. Furthermore, we identify a loss of B cell anergy as a likely mechanism to explain the production of autoantibodies that occurs in the absence of regulatory T cells. Our results suggest that regulatory T cells, by either direct or indirect mechanisms, modulate B cell development and anergy.
Comparison of OX40 Ligand and CD70 in the Promotion of CD4+ T Cell Responses
Authors: Kurche Jonathan S. , Burchill Matthew A. , Sanchez Phillip J. , Haluszczak Catherine , Kedl Ross M. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
The TNF superfamily members CD70 and OX40 ligand (OX40L) were reported to be important for CD4+ T cell expansion and differentiation. However, the relative contribution of these costimulatory signals in driving CD4+ T cell responses has not been addressed. In this study, we found that OX40L is a more important determinant than CD70 of the primary CD4+ T cell response to multiple immunization regimens. Despite the ability of a combined TLR and CD40 agonist (TLR/CD40) stimulus to provoke appreciable expression of CD70 and OX40L on CD8+ dendritic cells, resulting CD4+ T cell responses were substantially reduced by Ab blockade of OX40L and, to a lesser degree, CD70. In contrast, the CD8+ T cell responses to combined TLR/CD40 immunization were exclusively dependent on CD70. These requirements for CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation were not limited to the use of combined TLR/CD40 immunization, because vaccinia virus challenge elicited primarily OX40L-dependent CD4 responses and exclusively CD70-dependent CD8+ T cell responses. Attenuation of CD4+ T cell priming induced by OX40L blockade was independent of signaling through the IL-12R, but it was reduced further by coblockade of CD70. Thus, costimulation by CD70 or OX40L seems to be necessary for primary CD4+ T cell responses to multiple forms of immunization, and each may make independent contributions to CD4+ T cell priming.
TLR3 and Rig-Like Receptor on Myeloid Dendritic Cells and Rig-Like Receptor on Human NK Cells Are Both Mandatory for Production of IFN-γ in Response to Double-Stranded RNA
Authors: Perrot Ivan , Deauvieau Florence , Massacrier Catherine , Hughes Nicola , Garrone Pierre , Durand Isabelle , Demaria Olivier , Viaud Nicolas , Gauthier Laurent , Blery Mathieu , Bonnefoy-Berard Nathalie , Morel Yannis , Tschopp Jurg , Alexopoulou Lena , Trinchieri Giorgio , Paturel Carine , Caux Christophe 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Cross-talk between NK cells and dendritic cells (DCs) is critical for the potent therapeutic response to dsRNA, but the receptors involved remained controversial. We show in this paper that two dsRNAs, polyadenylic-polyuridylic acid and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)], similarly engaged human TLR3, whereas only poly(I:C) triggered human RIG-I and MDA5. Both dsRNA enhanced NK cell activation within PBMCs but only poly(I:C) induced IFN-γ. Although myeloid DCs (mDCs) were required for NK cell activation, induction of cytolytic potential and IFN-γ production did not require contact with mDCs but was dependent on type I IFN and IL-12, respectively. Poly(I:C) but not polyadenylic-polyuridylic acid synergized with mDC-derived IL-12 for IFN-γ production by acting directly on NK cells. Finally, the requirement of both TLR3 and Rig-like receptor (RLR) on mDCs and RLRs but not TLR3 on NK cells for IFN-γ production was demonstrated using TLR3- and Cardif-deficient mice and human RIG-I–specific activator. Thus, we report the requirement of cotriggering TLR3 and RLR on mDCs and RLRs on NK cells for a pathogen product to induce potent innate cell activation.
Modification of MHC Anchor Residues Generates Heteroclitic Peptides That Alter TCR Binding and T Cell Recognition
Authors: Cole David K. , Edwards Emily S. J. , Wynn Katherine K. , Clement Mathew , Miles John J. , Ladell Kristin , Ekeruche Julia , Gostick Emma , Adams Katherine J. , Skowera Ania , Peakman Mark , Wooldridge Linda , Price David A. , Sewell Andrew K. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Improving T cell Ags by altering MHC anchor residues is a common strategy used to enhance peptide vaccines, but there has been little assessment of how such modifications affect TCR binding and T cell recognition. In this study, we use surface plasmon resonance and peptide–MHC tetramer binding at the cell surface to demonstrate that changes in primary peptide anchor residues can substantially and unpredictably alter TCR binding. We also demonstrate that the ability of TCRs to differentiate between natural and anchor-modified heteroclitic peptides distinguishes T cells that exhibit a strong preference for either type of Ag. Furthermore, we show that anchor-modified heteroclitic peptides prime T cells with different TCRs compared with those primed with natural Ag. Thus, vaccination with heteroclitic peptides may elicit T cells that exhibit suboptimal recognition of the intended natural Ag and, consequently, impaired functional attributes in vivo. Heteroclitic peptide-based immune interventions therefore require careful evaluation to ensure efficacy in the clinic.
Distinct Roles of Hepatocyte- and Myeloid Cell-Derived IL-1 Receptor Antagonist during Endotoxemia and Sterile Inflammation in Mice
Authors: Lamacchia Céline , Palmer Gaby , Bischoff Loraine , Rodriguez Emiliana , Talabot-Ayer Dominique , Gabay Cem 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIL-1R antagonist (IL-1Ra) is a natural inhibitor of the pleiotropic proinflammatory activities of IL-1. Although several reports described the effects of complete IL-1Ra deficiency, no study has examined the consequences of cell type-specific IL-1Ra inactivation during systemic inflammation. Previous in vitro data demonstrated high IL-1Ra production by hepatocytes and myeloid cells after endotoxin stimulation. In addition, hepatocyte IL-1Ra production is regulated as an acute-phase protein in vitro. In this study, we analyzed the production and functional role of hepatocyte- and myeloid cell-derived IL-1Ra during endotoxin-induced septic shock and acute IL-1β–induced sterile inflammation. Using conditional IL-1Ra knockout mice, we showed that hepatocytes and myeloid cells are the two major cellular sources of circulating IL-1Ra in response to LPS. Interestingly, IL-1Ra production by myeloid cells, but not hepatocytes, is critical for survival during endotoxemia. Furthermore, we provide the first in vivo evidence demonstrating that IL-1Ra is produced as an acute-phase protein by hepatocytes during IL-1β–induced inflammation and that hepatocyte-derived IL-1Ra functions as an endogenous negative feedback downregulating the proinflammatory effects of IL-1. Taken together, our observations define distinct roles for two major cellular sources of IL-1Ra in response to different types of systemic inflammatory stimuli in vivo.
CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells Prevent Type 1 Diabetes Preceded by Dendritic Cell-Dominant Invasive Insulitis by Affecting Chemotaxis and Local Invasiveness of Dendritic Cells
Authors: Lee Mi-Heon , Lee Wen-Hui , Todorov Ivan , Liu Chih-Pin 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Development of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is preceded by invasive insulitis. Although CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (nTregs) induce tolerance that inhibits insulitis and T1D, the in vivo cellular mechanisms underlying this process remain largely unclear. Using an adoptive transfer model and noninvasive imaging-guided longitudinal analyses, we found nTreg depletion did not affect systemic trafficking and tissue localization of diabetogenic CD4+ BDC2.5 T (BDC) cells in recipient mice prior to development of T1D. In addition, neither the initial expansion/activation of BDC cells nor the number of CD11c+ or NK cells in islets and pancreatic lymph nodes were altered. Unexpectedly, our results showed nTreg depletion led to accelerated invasive insulitis dominated by CD11c+ dendritic cells (ISL-DCs), not BDC cells, which stayed in the islet periphery. Compared with control mice, the phenotype of ISL-DCs and their ability to stimulate BDC cells did not change during invasive insulitis development. However, ISL-DCs from nTreg-deficient recipient mice showed increased in vitro migration toward CCL19 and CCL21. These results demonstrated invasive insulitis dominated by DCs, not CD4+ T cells, preceded T1D onset in the absence of nTregs, and suggested a novel in vivo function of nTregs in T1D prevention by regulating local invasiveness of DCs into islets, at least partly, through regulation of DC chemotaxis toward CCL19/CCL21 produced by the islets.
Bioinspired Fabrication of Bio‐Silica‐Based Bone‐Substitution Materials
Authors: Wiens Matthias , Wang Xiaohong , Natalio Filipe , Schröder Heinz C. , Schloßmacher Ute , Wang Shunfeng , Korzhev Michael , Geurtsen Werner , Müller Werner E. G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe gold standard for bone reconstruction is the use of autogeneic grafts from various donor regions, since they possess osteoinductive as well as osteoconductive potential. Only a few synthetic materials possess/display properties that allow optimal bone reconstitution. Previously, we showed that the natural product, bio‐silica, comprises osteoinductive, and probably also osteoconductive activity. Bio‐silica is formed enzymatically via silicatein; this enzyme has been isolated from siliceous sponges and has also been cloned and prepared recombinantly. In the present study, silicatein was encapsulated together with its substrate, sodium metasilicate, in poly(D,L‐lactide)/poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)‐based microspheres, termed silicatein‐and‐silica‐containing microspheres (SSMs). The deposition of silica and the kinetics of silicatein release from the microspheres are given. Furthermore, SSMs were successfully embedded in a poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)/starch‐based matrix, termed plastic‐like filler matrix containing silicic acid (PMSA). A blend of SSM and PMSA forms a biocompatible, moldable, and biodegradable functional implant material that hardens at a controlled and clinically suitable rate within approximately 30 min to 6 h to implants that were tightly integrated in artificial defects of rabbit femurs. Until now no toxic reactions caused by the silicatein have been observed in vitro or in vivo. We assume that the data given here contribute to a successful introduction of the silicatein/bio‐silica‐based implant materials to the field of regenerative medicine.
Synthesis of a novel polythiourethane‐based acid and its catalytic activity
Authors: Du Yijun , Li Chunqing , Sun Xudong , Liang Xuezheng , Qi Chenze 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTAcid catalysts are very important in the production of many industrial chemicals. The novel polythiourethane‐based solid acid has been synthesized via two steps. The copolymerization of tolylenediisocyanate (TDI) and 1,2‐bis[(2‐mercaptoethyl)thio]‐3‐mercapto‐propane (MR) was carried out as the first step, and the amount of free mercarpto groups in the polythiourethane was controlled by adjusting the molar ratio of TDI and MR. The second step was the formation of the sulfonic acid groups by oxidation of the free mercapto groups. Possible catalytic activity was investigated through the traditional acid‐catalyzed reactions including acetylation and synthesis of Schiff base. The results showed that this novel catalyst was very efficient for these reactions and produced high yields. Use of this catalyst simplifies process operations by not requiring any solvent, plus low usage amounts and low cost of the catalyst used with high yields, in particular, wide applicability and reusability are key features. The novel solid acid catalyst also has great potential for more environmental‐friendly processes as it can be recycled and reused (easily separated) without any loss of activity. © 2010 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vasa genes: Emerging roles in the germ line and in multipotent cells
Authors: Gustafson Eric A. , Wessel Gary M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSexually reproducing metazoans establish a cell lineage during development that is ultimately dedicated to gamete production. Work in a variety of animals suggests that a group of conserved molecular determinants act in this germ line maintenance and function. The most universal of these genes are Vasa and Vasa‐like DEAD‐box RNA helicase genes. However, recent evidence indicates that Vasa genes also function in other cell types, distinct from the germ line. Here we evaluate our current understanding of Vasa function and its regulation during development, addressing Vasa's emerging role in multipotent cells. We also explore the evolutionary diversification of the N‐terminal domain of this gene and how this impacts the association of Vasa with nuage‐like perinuclear structures.
Definition and validation of operating equations for poly(vinyl alcohol)‐poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) microfiltration membrane‐scaffold bioreactors
Authors: Shipley R.J. , Waters S.L. , Ellis M.J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe aim of this work is to provide operating data for biodegradable hollow fiber membrane bioreactors. The physicochemical cell culture environment can be controlled with the permeate flowrate, so this aim necessitates the provision of operating equations that enable end‐users to set the pressures and feed flowrates to obtain their desired culture environment. In this paper, theoretical expressions for the pure water retentate and permeate flowrates, derived using lubrication theory, are compared against experimental data for a single fiber poly(vinyl alcohol)–poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) crossflow module to give values for the membrane permeability and slip. Analysis of the width of the boundary layer region where slip effects are important, together with the sensitivity of the retentate and permeate equations to the slip parameter, show that slip is insignificant for these membranes, which have a mean pore diameter of 1.1 µm. The experimental data is used to determine a membrane permeability, of k = 1.86 × 10−16 m2, and to validate the model. It was concluded that the operating equation that relates the permeate to feed ratio, c, lumen inlet flowrate, Q

l,in, lumen outlet pressure, P
1, and ECS outlet pressure, P
0, is

where A and B are constants that depend on the membrane permeability and geometry (and are given explicitly). Finally, two worked examples are presented to demonstrate how a tissue engineer can use Equation (1) to specify operating conditions for their bioreactor. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;107: 382–392. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Multiresidue determination of quinolones regulated by the European Union in bovine and porcine plasma. Application of chromatographic and capillary electrophoretic methodologies
Authors: Hermo M.P. , Nemutlu E. , Barbosa J. , Barrón D. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis paper presents the multiresidue determination of the series of quinolones regulated by the European Union (marbofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, danofloxacin, enrofloxacin, sarafloxacin, difloxacin, oxolinic acid and flumequine) in bovine and porcine plasma using capillary electrophoresis and liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (CE‐UV, LC‐UV), liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and –tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS, LC‐MS/MS) methods. These procedures involve a sample preparation by solid‐phase extraction for clean‐up and preconcentration of the analytes before their injection into the separation system. All methods give satisfactory results in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy and limits of quantification. The suitability of the methods to determine quinolones was evaluated by determining the concentration of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in real samples from pig plasma and cow plasma. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.