bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MODELING THE DISTRIBUTION OF EMERGENCY RELEASE PRODUCTS AT A NUCLEAR POWER PLANT UNIT
Authors: Biliaieva Viktoriia , Levchenko Larysa , Myshchenko Iryna , Tykhenko Oksana , Kozachyna Vitalii 
Published: June 2024

Despite the fact that much attention is paid to the safe operation of nuclear power plants, there is a possibility of an accident with the release of radionuclides. This is especially true in Ukraine, where there is a threat of the damage to nuclear reactors as a result of military operations. It is impossible to research the distribution of products emergency releases radioactive substances in laboratory conditions. Therefore, the only tool for the development predicting of an accident is the modeling the spread of a radionuclides cloud. The purpose of the research is a modeling the distribution of emergency release products in a nuclear power plant unit, suitable for the operative assessment of a development an accident. Results of the research: The mathematical model of the distribution emission products of a nuclear power plant has been developed, which takes into account the value of the initial activity of emission products, the rate of the settling radioactive particles, the wind speed components, the intensity changes radionuclide emission over time. The technique for solving the boundary value problem of modeling in conditions of a complex shape of the computational domain, taking into account the presence of obstacles to the spread of emission products has been developed. The use of the velocity potential equation in evolutionary form allows us to speed up the calculation process. The chosen splitting scheme of an alternating-triangular method allows to find the speed potential according to the explicit form at each splitting step. This allowed software implementation of the CFD model. The visualized models of the emission cloud distribution allow to determine the radiation situation in any place of the emission product distribution zone. The developed model makes it possible to quickly predict the development of an accident in space and time, which makes it possible to take measures to protect people from exposure in the shortest possible time. Conclusions: The obtained emission cloud propagation models and their visualization make it possible to determine the state of environmental pollution under various initial conditions during the development of the accident.
DEEPFAKE DETECTION USING TRANSFER LEARNING-BASED XCEPTION MODEL
Authors: Rajakumareswaran Velusamy , Raguvaran Surendran , Chandrasekar Venkatachalam , Rajkumar Sugavanam , Arun Vijayakumar 
Published: June 2024

Justification of the purpose of the research. In recent times, several approaches for face manipulation in videos have been extensively applied and availed to the public which makes editing faces in video easy for everyone effortlessly with realistic efforts. While beneficial in various domains, these methods could significantly harm society if employed to spread misinformation. So, it is also vital to properly detect whether a face has been distorted in a video series. To detect this deepfake, convolutional neural networks can be used in past works. However, it needs a greater number of parameters and more computations. So, to overcome these limitations and to accurately detect deepfakes in videos, a transfer learning-based model named the Improved Xception model is suggested. Obtained results. This model is trained using extracted facial landmark features with robust training. Moreover, the improved Xception model's detection accuracy is evaluated alongside ResNet and Inception, considering model loss, accuracy, ROC, training time, and the Precision-Recall curve. The outcomes confirm the success of the proposed model, which employs transfer learning techniques to identify fraudulent videos. Furthermore, the method demonstrates a noteworthy 5% increase in efficiency compared to current systems.
Korean Wave's Influence on BT21 Purchases in Indonesia
Authors: Putri Rachelita Agista Nasruhan , Hariasih Misti 
Published: June 2024

The influence of Korean Wave Brand Ambassadors and Influencers on purchasing decisions for BIS "BT21" products was examined in this study. Korean Wave, a phenomenon of Korean pop culture, has significantly impacted global markets. Companies leverage this trend to boost product sales through brand ambassadors and influencers. Despite its popularity, the specific impact on consumer purchasing decisions remains underexplored. This study aims to fill this gap by analyzing the effects of Korean Wave, Brand Ambassadors, and Influencers on BT21 product purchasing decisions in Sidoarjo, East Java. Using a quantitative approach, the research sampled 96 consumers who have purchased BT21 products, employing the Lemeshow formula for sampling. Data were collected through a questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale and analyzed using SmartPLS version 3.0 software. The results indicated that the Korean Wave positively and significantly influences purchasing decisions for BT21 products. Similarly, Brand Ambassadors and Influencers also have a positive and significant impact on purchasing decisions. The findings suggest that the Korean Wave, alongside strategic use of Brand Ambassadors and Influencers, can effectively enhance consumer loyalty and boost product sales. These results have important implications for marketing strategies, particularly in leveraging cultural phenomena and influential figures to drive consumer behavior. Highlight: Significant Impact: Korean Wave, Brand Ambassadors, and Influencers significantly influence BT21 purchasing decisions. Quantitative Analysis: Study used quantitative methods and SmartPLS software for data analysis. Marketing Strategies: Findings highlight the importance of leveraging cultural trends and influential figures in marketing. Keywoard: Korean Wave, Brand Ambassadors, Influencers, BT21, Consumer Behavior
Innovative techniques in fiberglass post removal: cone beam computed tomography combined with the guided endodontics: a case report
Authors: Wanderley Victor Aquino , Câmara João Victor Frazão , Santos Lethycia Almeida , Ferrari Carolina Ruis , Freire Bernardo Barbosa 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective: This case report describes the effectiveness of utilizing a guided endodontics (GE) with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for removal a fiberglass post.
Case report: A 42-year-old male patient presented with discomfort in the maxillary left central incisor. Clinical and radiographic assessments revealed tooth 21 with a permanent core material retained by a fiberglass post, accompanied by apical radiolucency. A conservative fully guided approach was proposed for nonsurgical root canal retreatment and fiberglass post removal. Following the acquisition of CBCT images and a cast surface scan, their data were integrated using implant planning software and overlaid. By employing the guided access technique, the post could be removed with enhanced precision and efficiency, facilitating the completion of endodontic retreatment. Conclusion This method exhibited a high level of reliability, enabling the fiberglass post's removal and thorough root canal disinfection without unnecessary dentin removal, thus ensuring a safer endodontic retreatment. Moreover, the GE template created through virtual planning prevented iatrogenic errors.
Effects of diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and low-density lipoprotein levels on survival in patients with cervical cancer
Authors: Qiu Qian , Song Rong jian , Zheng Xiang qin , Zheng Hui , Yi Huan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Cervical cancer is a prevalent malignancy and an important health concern worldwide. Recent research highlighted the potential impact of metabolic factors (such as hyperlipidemia and diabetes) on cancer progression, increased mortality and patient outcomes. However, insufficient data have been reported regarding their relationship with cervical cancer. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between metabolic factor disorders (such as dyslipidemia and dysglycemia) and survival in cervical cancer patients.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed demographic information, clinical characteristics, and metabolic health indicators. Cervical patients were divided into four groups: high triglyceride, high low-density lipoprotein, high cholesterol and diabetes groups. The log-rank test was used to compare the survival rate between different patient groups and identify the associated risk factors. Survival curves generated via the Cox proportional hazards model were used to evaluate the associations between metabolic parameters and survival.
Results
The Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyze data from 840 cervical cancer patients between 28 and 72 years old who underwent surgery. The hazard ratio (HR) of mortality was 1.804 (95% CI: 1.394–2.333, p < 0.001) in the high-density lipoprotein group, 0.758 (95% CI: 0.558 to 1.030, p < 0.001) in the high-triglyceride group, 1.794 (95% CI: 1.304–2.470, p < 0.001) in the high low-density lipoprotein group, and 0.011 (95% CI: 0.005–0.025, p < 0.001) in the diabetes group. These factors were significantly associated with reduced survival in cervical cancer patients, and these associations persisted after adjusting for age, cancer stage, and treatment type.
Conclusion
This study highlights the importance of metabolic health and the importance of controlling metabolic disorders (such as hyperlipidemia and diabetes) to improve survival outcomes in patients with cervical cancer.
The Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure in Children with Pseudotumor Cerebri
Authors: Çağ Yakup , Sağer Safiye Güneş , Akçay Merve , Kaytan İsmail , Söbü Elif , Erdem Aydan , Akın Yasemin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Childhood obesity has become a major global health problem. Obesity is associated with major health problems, such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease. Obesity is also considered a risk factor for Pseudotumor cerebri (PTS). The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure in patients with pseudotumor cerebri.
Methods
A total of 48 children diagnosed with PTS, who were aged < 18 years and followed up in the pediatric clinic were included in the retrospective study. National BMI percentile curves were used for reference. We investigated statistically the relationship between BMI, clinical and laboratory results, and CSF pressure in patients.
Results
Of total patients 27 were female (56.25%) and 21 were male (43.75%). With regard to the BMI percentile, 20 (41.67%) were overweight or obese. CSF pressure was higher in overweight and obese patients compared to children with BMI in normal ranges (p < 0.05). A statistically significant positive correlation was also observed between BMI and CSF pressure values and between monocyte and CSF values (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
The results of the present study indicate a direct relationship between CSF pressure and BMI in children with PTS. Appropriate diet, exercise, and medical treatment in overweight and obese children can make a significant contribution to the treatment of PTS. Additionally, a significant correlation was observed between CSF pressure and monocyte levels.
Current-Sensorless Robust Sliding Mode Control for the DC-DC Boost Converter
Authors: Oucheriah Said 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

A current-sensorless PWM-based robust sliding mode controller is proposed for the DC-DC Boost Converter,
a nonminimum phase system that presents major challenges in the design of stabilizing controllers. The development of the controller requires the measurement of the output voltage and the estimation of its derivative. An extended state observer is used to estimate a lumped uncertainty that comprises the uncertain load and input voltage and also to estimate the derivative of the output voltage. A linear sliding surface is used to derive the
controller that is simple in its design and yet exhibits excellent features in term of external disturbance suppression and despite the absence of the inductor current feedback. Its robustness is validated by computer simulations using a converter example from a recent study. Future work will be the validation of these results experimentally.
Assessment of Water Quality of The São Gonçalo River in The Urban Section of São Domingos do Norte-ES
Authors: Dalfior Thainá , Santos Felipe Sombra , Yokoyama Lídia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The Water Quality Index (WQI) gathers information on physical-chemical and bacteriological parameters. This article analyzed, monthly for one year, water samples collected at the source and downstream of the São Gonçalo River in the municipality of São Domingos do Norte, at Espírito Santo. The average accumulated precipitation of the month that preceded the collection was grouped into dry and rainy periods. Precipitation data allowed classification into dry and rainy periods (p-value 0.0084). The WQI values were calculated and statistically evaluated regarding the collection point and precipitation (p-value 0.0125). In dry periods, the WQI presented lower values than in rainy periods. It was observed that at the source of the river, the WQI value was higher than downstream from the urban center due to anthropological action. Finally, the research allowed the identification of the temporal and spatial variation of the water body resulting from contamination by sewage contribution.
Three-dimensional Magnetic field in a protoplanetary disk
Authors: Ohashi Satoshi , Muto Takayuki , Tsukamoto Yusuke , Kataoka Akimasa , Tsukagoshi Takashi , Momose Munetake , Fukagawa Misato , Sakai Nami 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In protoplanetary disks around young stars, magnetic fields play an important role for disk evolution and planet formation [1-3]. Polarized thermal emission from magnetically aligned grains is one of the reliable methods to trace magnetic fields [4,5]. However, it has been difficult to observe magnetic field by dust polarization in protoplanetary disks because other polarization mechanisms involving grown dust grains become efficient [6,7,8]. Here, we report muti-wavelengths (0.87 mm, 1.3 mm, 2.1 mm, and 2.7 mm) observations of polarized thermal emission in the protoplanetary disk around HD 142527 that shows the lopsided dust distribution [9,10,11,12]. We revealed that the smaller dust still exhibits magnetic alignment in the southern part of the disk. Furthermore, angular offsets between the observed magnetic field and the disk azimuthal direction were discovered, which can be used for a novel approach to measure the relative strengths of each component (radial (Br), azimuthal (B∅), and vertical (Bz)) of 3D magnetic field. Applying this method, we, for the first time, derived the magnetic field around a 200-au radius from the protostar as |Br|:|B∅ |:|Bz| ~ 0.26±0.01:1:0.23±0.03 and a strength of ~ 0.3 milli Gauss. Our observations provide some key parameters of magnetic activities including the plasma beta, which have been only assumed in theoretical studies. In addition, the radial and vertical angular momentum transfer show comparable, which poses a challenge to theoretical studies of protoplanetary disks.
Insights into Mycobacteriome Composition in Mycobacterium bovis-Infected African Buffalo (Syncerus caffer) Tissue Samples: A Culture-Independent Approach
Authors: Ghielmetti Giovanni , Kerr Tanya J. , Bernitz Netanya , Mhlophe Sinegugu K. , Streicher Elizma , Loxton Andre G. , Warren Robin M. , Miller Michele A. , Goosen Wynand J. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Animal tuberculosis significantly challenges global health, agriculture, and wildlife conservation efforts. Mycobacterial cultures necessitate stringent biosafety measures due to the risk of laboratory-acquired infections. In this study, we employed a culture-independent approach, using targeted long-read-based next-generation sequencing (tNGS), to investigate the mycobacterial composition in DNA extracted from Mycobacterium bovis infected culture-confirmed African buffalo tissue. We detected mycobacterial DNA in 93.3% of the samples and the sensitivity for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) was 91.7%, demonstrating a high concordance of our culture-independent tNGS approach with mycobacterial culture results. We identified heterogenous mycobacterial populations with various non-tuberculous mycobacteria, including members of the Mycobacterium avium complex, M. smegmatis, and M. komaniense. The latter Mycobacterium species was described in South Africa from bovine nasal swabs and environmental samples from the Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park, which was the origin of the buffalo samples in the present study. This finding suggests that mycobacterial DNA found in the environment may confound detection of MTBC in wildlife. In conclusion, our approach represents an alternative to conventional methods for detecting mycobacterial DNA. This high-throughput technique enables the differentiation of heterogeneous mycobacterial populations and facilitates relative quantification, which will contribute valuable insights into the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and microbial synergy during mycobacterial infections.
Seroprevalence of Cytomegalovirus among Pregnant Women in Singapore
Authors: Partana Pamela , Yee Wan Wei , Chow Venessa Xin Yu , Chan Jerry Kok Yen , Kok Tan Lay , Ching Tan Wei , Hsiang Lim Gek , Liying Yang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common congenital infection in pregnancy with potential long-term adverse effects on the fetus. There is limited data on CMV seroprevalence in pregnant women in Singapore, with last reported study dating back over two decades. We look at the latest CMV seroprevalence in antenatal population in Singapore.
Methods Between January 2021 and August 2021, 385 pregnant women receiving antenatal care at Singapore General Hospital were randomly selected for CMV IgG test to be performed on their blood samples collected during the first trimester of their pregnancies. Positivity for CMV IgG represents past exposure prior to pregnancy.
Results Overall CMV seroprevalence was 71.7% (276/385). The trend of CMV IgG positivity increased with age, 68.3% in those aged 20-29, 72.5% in the 30-39 age group, and 79.0% in women over 40.
Conclusions There is a declining trend in CMV seroprevalence among pregnant women in Singapore, which indicates that a substantial portion of this population faces the risk of primary maternal CMV infection during pregnancy. Emerging research suggests that prenatal treatment with valacyclovir effectively reduces the likelihood of vertical transmission. Considering this evidence, it is imperative to reevaluate the recommendations for universal maternal CMV screening during pregnancy.
Activation of the COX-2/mPGES-1/PGE-2 cascade through the NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to Angiostrongylus cantonensis-induced eosinophilic meningoencephalitis
Authors: Chen Ke-Min , Lu Cheng-You , Lai Shih-Chan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE-2) is synthesised by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 (mPGES-1). PGE-2 exhibits pro-inflammatory properties in inflammatory conditions. However, there remains limited understanding of the COX-2/mPGES-1/PGE-2 pathway in Angiostrongylus cantonensis-induced meningoencephalitis. This study revealed several key findings regarding the activation of the COX-2/mPGES-1/PGE-2 pathway and its correlation with eosinophilic meningoencephalitis induced by A. cantonensis infection. Immunostaining revealed an increase in the expression of COX-2 and mPGES-1 in the subarachnoid space and glial cells compared to control subjects. Inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome by small interfering RNA (siRNA) blocked extracellular secretory proteins (ESPs) stimulated COX-2, mPGES-1 and PGE-2 in microglia. MCC950, an NLRP3 inhibitor, inhibited the levels of the COX-2, mPGES-1, and PGE-2 proteins induced by A. cantonensis in mice. Treatment of mice infected with A. cantonensis with the COX-2 inhibitor NS398 significantly reduced the levels of mPGES-1, PGE-2, and MMP-9 levels. Similarly, the mPGES-1 inhibitor MF63 significantly reduced PGE-2 and MMP-9 levels in A. cantonensis-infected mice. Administration of MCC950, NS398, or MF63 resulted in marked attenuation of blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and eosinophil counts in A. cantonensis-infected mice. These findings highlight the critical role of the COX-2/mPGES-1/PGE-2 pathway and its regulation by the NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic meningoencephalitis induced by A. cantonensis infection. Furthermore, pharmacological interventions targeting this pathway, such as MCC950, NS398, and MF63, show promising therapeutic potential in mitigating associated inflammatory responses and disruption of the BBB. The results indicate that blocking NLRP3 using pharmacological (MCC950) and gene silencing (siNLRP3) methods emphasised the crucial involvement of NLRP3 in the COX-2/mPGES-1/PGE-2 pathway. This suggests that the activation of the COX-2/mPGES-1/PGE-2 axis in response to A. cantonensis infection may be mediated through a mechanism involving the NLRP3 inflammasome.
Strengthening ENSO amplitude asymmetry: historical trends and future projections in a warming climate
Authors: Ding Ruiqiang , Ren Zhengyi , Li Jianping , Yu Jin-Yi , Cai Wenju , Tseng Yu-Heng , Fang Xiang-Hui 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The amplitude asymmetry between warm (El Niño) and cold (La Niña) phases of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has been observed to undergo changes in response to greenhouse warming. However, there is still no consensus on how this asymmetry may evolve in the future, especially in terms of complex types of ENSO events. In this study, we analyze observational sea surface temperature (SST) datasets spanning over a century to investigate the long-term trends of amplitude asymmetry in the eastern Pacific (EP) and central Pacific (CP) ENSO events. Our findings reveal a significant strengthening trend in the El Niño-La Niña amplitude asymmetry over the past century for both CP and EP events. This strengthening trend is attributed to the mean state change induced by greenhouse warming over the equatorial Pacific, and its impact on the modulation of ENSO feedback processes. Furthermore, using a large ensemble model projection, we suggest that the ongoing enhanced ENSO amplitude asymmetry could continue to strengthen until 2100 under the RCP8.5 greenhouse scenario.