bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alcohol-induced psychotic disorder and delirium in the general population
Authors: Perälä Jonna , Kuoppasalmi Kimmo , Pirkola Sami , Härkänen Tommi , Saarni Samuli , Tuulio-Henriksson Annamari , Viertiö Satu , Latvala Antti , Koskinen Seppo , Lönnqvist Jouko , Suvisaari Jaana 
Published: August 2010

BackgroundEpidemiological data on alcohol-induced psychotic disorder and delirium (alcohol-induced psychotic syndrome, AIPS) are scarce.AimsTo investigate the epidemiology of AIPS, the risk factors for developing AIPS among people with alcohol dependence, and mortality associated with alcohol dependence with or without AIPS, in a sample drawn from the general population of Finland.MethodA general population sample of 8028 persons were interviewed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and screened for psychotic disorders using multiple sources. Best-estimate diagnoses of psychotic disorders were made using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM–IV Axis I Disorders and case notes. Data on hospital treatments and deaths were collected from national registers.ResultsThe lifetime prevalence was 0.5% for AIPS and was highest (1.8%) among men of working age. Younger age at onset of alcohol dependence, low socioeconomic status, father's mental health or alcohol problems and multiple hospital treatments were associated with increased risk of AIPS. Participants with a history of AIPS had considerable medical comorbidity, and 37% of them died during the 8-year follow-up.ConclusionsAlcohol-induced psychotic disorder is a severe mental disorder with poor outcome.
Examining interactions between risk factors for psychosis
Authors: Zammit Stanley , Lewis Glyn , Dalman Christina , Allebeck Peter 
Published: August 2010

BackgroundFor complex multifactorial diseases it seems likely that co-exposure to two risk factors will show a greater than additive relationship on disease risk.AimsTo test whether greater than additive relationships occur between risk factors for psychosis.MethodA cohort study of 50 053 Swedish conscripts. Data on IQ, cannabis use, psychiatric diagnoses, disturbed behaviour and social relations assessed at age 18 were linked to admissions with any non-affective psychoses over a 27-year follow-up period. Statistical interactions between risk factors were examined under both additive and multiplicative models.ResultsThere was some evidence of interaction for eight of the ten combinations of risk factors under additive models, but for only one combination under multiplicative models.ConclusionsMultiplicative models describe the joint effect of risk factors more adequately than additive ones do. However, the implications of finding interactions as observed here, or for most interactions reported to date, remain very limited.
Interpretation of interactions: guide for the perplexed
Authors: Kendler Kenneth S. , Gardner Charles O. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryIn this issue, Zammit et al explore how five dichotomised risk factors work together to predict risk for non-affective psychosis in a large Swedish cohort. In this editorial, we review these findings, and comment on both the nature of additive v. multiplicative models and the meaning of statistical interactions.
Monitoring the metabolic side-effects of atypical antipsychotics
Authors: Gumber Rohit , Abbas Mizrab , Minajagi Manjunath 
Published: August 2010

Aims and methodNational clinical guidance states that patients on antipsychotics should have their metabolic profile regularly monitored. The aim of this study was to assess whether we are effectively monitoring metabolic profiles and to improve the detection, communication and intervention of metabolic abnormalities among patients on atypical antipsychotics. We describe a full audit cycle.ResultsThe audit resulted in a 24% increase in the number of patients on atypical antipsychotics being referred to the metabolic clinic. The number of abnormal results communicated to primary care showed a significant improvement of 25% (P<0.001), and ultimately the number of patients who received intervention improved by 17% (P= 0.001).Clinical implicationsAudit feedback has been effective in changing clinical practice. The audit demonstrated the potential value of a metabolic clinic and shared care between primary and secondary practitioners for this group of high-risk patients.
The dog that failed to bark
Authors: Burns Tom 
Published: August 2010

SummaryUK mental healh services have been distinguished by their continuity of care but recently there has been a move to separating consultant responsibility for in-patient and out-patient care. Local examples of the success of this approach have been published but there has been remarkably little careful thought about its longer-term impacts. International comparisons would suggest that there are significant potential disadvantages, including increased bed pressures. Some disadvantages, such as the poor fit with the Mental Health Act and patient dissatisfaction with structural discontinuity are already obvious. A more considered debate is called for.
Prognostic Factors in Patients With Advanced Cancer: Use of the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment in Survival Prediction
Authors: Martin Lisa , Watanabe Sharon , Fainsinger Robin , Lau Francis , Ghosh Sunita , Quan Hue , Atkins Marlis , Fassbender Konrad , Downing G. Michael , Baracos Vickie 
Published: August 2010

Purpose To determine whether elements of a standard nutritional screening assessment are independently prognostic of survival in patients with advanced cancer. Patients and Methods A prospective nested cohort of patients with metastatic cancer were accrued from different units of a Regional Palliative Care Program. Patients completed a nutritional screen on admission. Data included age, sex, cancer site, height, weight history, dietary intake, 13 nutrition impact symptoms, and patient- and physician-reported performance status (PS). Univariate and multivariate survival analyses were conducted. Concordance statistics (c-statistics) were used to test the predictive accuracy of models based on training and validation sets; a c-statistic of 0.5 indicates the model predicts the outcome as well as chance; perfect prediction has a c-statistic of 1.0. Results A training set of patients in palliative home care (n = 1,164) was used to identify prognostic variables. Primary disease site, PS, short-term weight change (either gain or loss), dietary intake, and dysphagia predicted survival in multivariate analysis (P < .05). A model including only patients separated by disease site and PS with high c-statistics between predicted and observed responses for survival in the training set (0.90) and validation set (0.88; n = 603). The addition of weight change, dietary intake, and dysphagia did not further improve the c-statistic of the model. The c-statistic was also not altered by substituting physician-rated palliative PS for patient-reported PS. Conclusion We demonstrate a high probability of concordance between predicted and observed survival for patients in distinct palliative care settings (home care, tertiary inpatient, ambulatory outpatient) based on patient-reported information.
Molecular Anatomy of Breast Cancer Stroma and Its Prognostic Value in Estrogen Receptor–Positive and –Negative Cancers
Authors: Bianchini Giampaolo , Qi Yuan , Alvarez Ricardo H. , Iwamoto Takayuki , Coutant Charles , Ibrahim Nuhad K. , Valero Vicente , Cristofanilli Massimo , Green Marjorie C. , Radvanyi Laszlo , Hatzis Christos , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. , Andre Fabrice , Gianni Luca , Symmans W. Fraser , Pusztai Lajos 
Published: August 2010

Purpose The purpose of this study was to identify genes enriched in breast cancer stroma, assess the stromal gene expression differences between estrogen receptor (ER) –positive and –negative cancers, and separately determine their prognostic value in these two subtypes of breast cancers. Methods We compared gene expression profiles of pairs of fine-needle (stroma-poor) and core-needle (stroma-rich) biopsies from 37 cancers to identify stroma-associated genes. We defined stromal metagenes and tested their prognostic values in 684 node-negative patients who received no systemic adjuvant therapy and 259 tamoxifen-treated patients. Results We identified 293 probe sets overexpressed in core biopsies; these included five highly coexpressed gene clusters (metagenes) corresponding to immune functions and extracellular matrix components. These genes showed quantitative and qualitative differences between ER-positive and ER-negative cancers. A B-cell/plasma cell metagene showed strong prognostic value in ER-positive highly proliferative cancers, a lesser prognostic value in ER-negative cancers, and no prognostic value in ER-positive cancers with low proliferation. The hazard ratio for distant relapse in the lowest compared with the highest tertile of the pooled prognostic data set was 4.29 (95% CI, 2.04 to 9.01; P = .001) in ER-positive cancers and 3.34 (95% CI, 1.60 to 6.97; P = .001) in ER-negative cancers. This remained significant in multivariate analysis including routine variables and other genomic prognostic scores. As a result of quantitative differences in this metagene between ER-positive and ER-negative cancers, different thresholds apply in the two subgroups. Other stromal metagenes had inconsistent prognostic value. Conclusion Among ER-negative and ER-positive highly proliferative cancers, a subset of tumors with high expression of a B-cell/plasma cell metagene carries a favorable prognosis.
Delivering regional thrombolysis via a hub-and-spoke model
Authors: Moynihan Barry , Davis Daniel , Pereira Anthony , Cloud Geoffrey , Markus Hugh S 
Published: August 2010

Summary Objectives Audits in the United Kingdom and other countries show that only a small proportion of eligible stroke patients receive thrombolysis. Providing 24-hour thrombolysis cover presents major challenges in both infrastructure and staffing. One model for improving access is to provide out-of-hours cover in a regional centre but this may present problems including greater delays to hospital admissions. Design Evaluation of the introduction of a ‘hub-and-spoke’ model of thrombolysis to increase access to thrombolysis for patients in south west London. One-year data are presented. Setting A network in south-west London comprised of a hub hospital and three district ‘spoke’ hospitals. Participants All suspected stroke admissions to a regional stroke centre. Main outcome measures Thrombolysis rates for acute stroke. Results Increased out-of-hours thrombolysis rates were achieved with only a small increase in stroke admissions (approximately 10%) in the hub hospital. Thrombolysis rates increased from 1.2 per 100 stroke admissions for the local daytime service to 6 per 100 admissions for the regional service. Most patients thrombolysed were not local to the hub hospital. Only 1 in 4 patients considered for thrombolysis was thrombolysed, in line with previous data. Ten percent of all thrombolysis calls were not stroke but represented stroke mimics. Median length of stay was 6 days (target was 3 days). Fifty percent of the thrombolysed patients from spoke hospitals were discharged directly home. Conclusions In an urban area, a hub-and-spoke thrombolysis model increased access to thrombolysis without resulting in a marked increase in overall stroke admission numbers for the hub hospital. Proactive plans to repatriate patients back to district hospitals are required, and repatriation protocols have to prioritize regional patients over other targets in spoke hospitals to facilitate capacity in the hub hospital.
Validation of the Pediatric Cardiac Quality of Life Inventory
Authors: Marino Bradley S. , Tomlinson Ryan S. , Wernovsky Gil , Drotar Dennis , Newburger Jane W. , Mahony Lynn , Mussatto Kathleen , Tong Elizabeth , Cohen Mitchell , Andersen Charlotte , Shera David , Khoury Philip R. , Wray Jo , Gaynor J. William , Helfaer Mark A. , Kazak Anne E. , Shea Judy A. ,   for the Pediatric Cardiac Quality of Life Inventory Testing Study Consortium
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVE:
The purpose of this multicenter study was to confirm the validity and reliability of the Pediatric Cardiac Quality of Life Inventory (PCQLI).

METHODS:
Seven centers recruited pediatric patients (8–18 years of age) with heart disease (HD) and their parents to complete the PCQLI and generic health-related quality of life (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory [PedsQL]) and non–quality of life (Self-Perception Profile for Children [SPPC]/Self-Perception Profile for Adolescents [SPPA] and Youth Self-Report [YSR]/Child Behavior Checklist [CBCL]) tools. PCQLI construct validity was assessed through correlations of PCQLI scores between patients and parents and with severity of congenital HD, medical care utilization, and PedsQL, SPPC/SPPA, and YSR/CBCL scores. PCQLI test-retest reliability was evaluated.

RESULTS:
The study enrolled 1605 patient-parent pairs. Construct validity was substantiated by the association of lower PCQLI scores with Fontan palliation and increased numbers of cardiac operations, hospital admissions, and physician visits (P &lt; .001); moderate to good correlations between patient and parent PCQLI scores (r = 0.41–0.61; P &lt; .001); and fair to good correlations between PCQLI total scores and PedsQL total (r = 0.70–0.76), SPPC/SPPA global self-worth (r = 0.43–0.46), YSR/CBCL total competency (r = 0.28–0.37), and syndrome and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition-oriented scale (r = −0.58 to −0.30; P &lt; .001) scores. Test-retest reliability correlations were excellent (r = 0.78–0.90; P &lt; .001).

CONCLUSIONS:
PCQLI scores are valid and reliable for children and adolescents with congenital and acquired HD and may be useful for future research and clinical management.
Emergency Department Visits for Concussion in Young Child Athletes
Authors: Bakhos Lisa L. , Lockhart Gregory R. , Myers Richard , Linakis James G. 
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVES:
The objective of this study was to characterize emergency department (ED) visits for pediatric sport-related concussion (SRC) in pre–high school– versus high school–aged athletes.

METHODS:
A stratified probability sample of US hospitals that provide emergency services in the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (1997–2007) and All Injury Program (2001–2005) was used. Concussion-related ED visits were analyzed for 8- to 13- and 14- to 19-year-old patients. Population data were obtained from the US Census Bureau; sport participation data were obtained from National Sporting Goods Association.

RESULTS:
From 2001 to 2005, US children who were aged 8 to 19 years had an estimated 502 000 ED visits for concussion. The 8- to 13-year-old group accounted for ∼35% of these visits. Approximately half of all ED visits for concussion were SRC. The 8- to 13-year-old group sustained 40% of these, which represents 58% of all concussions in this group. Approximately 25% of all SRC visits in the 8- to 13-year-old group occurred during organized team sport (OTS). During the study period, ∼4 in 1000 children aged 8 to 13 years and 6 in 1000 children aged 14 to 19 years had an ED visit for SRC, and 1 in 1000 children aged 8 to 13 years and 3 in 1000 children aged 14 to 19 years had an ED visit for concussion sustained during OTS. From 1997 to 2007, although participation had declined, ED visits for concussions in OTS in 8- to 13-year-old children had doubled and had increased by &gt;200% in the 14- to 19-year-old group.

CONCLUSIONS:
The number of SRCs in young athletes is noteworthy. Additional research is required.
Child Fatality Review
Authors: Christian Cindy W. , Sege Robert D. ,   The Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect,   The Committee on Injury, Violence, and Poison Prevention,   The Council on Community Pediatrics
Published: August 2010

This Policy Statement was revised. See https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2023-065481.
Injury remains the leading cause of pediatric mortality and requires public health approaches to reduce preventable deaths. Child fatality review teams, first established to review suspicious child deaths involving abuse or neglect, have expanded toward a public health model of prevention of child fatality through systematic review of child deaths from birth through adolescence. Approximately half of all states report reviewing child deaths from all causes, and the process of fatality review has identified effective local and state prevention strategies for reducing child deaths. This expanded approach can be a powerful tool in understanding the epidemiology and preventability of child death locally, regionally, and nationally; improving accuracy of vital statistics data; and identifying public health and legislative strategies for reducing preventable child fatalities. The American Academy of Pediatrics supports the development of federal and state legislation to enhance the child fatality review process and recommends that pediatricians become involved in local and state child death reviews.
Biochemical and agro-biological diversity of Viburnum opulus genotypes
Authors: Česonienė Laima , Daubaras Remigijus , Venclovienė Jonė , Viškelis Pranas 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Interest in the biochemical composition of Viburnum opulus fruit has intensified due to the food industry’s demand for natural vitamins, pigments and other substances that enhance the value of different foods. The present study was conducted to determine the agro-biological and biochemical variability of V. opulus and to select the genotypes that could best serve as sources of health promoting substances. Twelve selected genotypes were evaluated. ‘Leningradskaya Otbornaya’, V. opulus var. americanum, ‘Zarnitsa’, and local clone P2 were determined to be the best genotypes for growth in commercial plantations. Fruits of the local clone P3 were characterised by large amounts of total phenolics, ascorbic acid, and reducing sugars. V. opulus var. sargentii and V. opulus var. americanum contained exceptionally large amounts of total phenolics, 1460.0 and 1400.0 mg/100 g, respectively. The amount of ascorbic acid varied from 12.4 to 41.4 mg/100 g, the amount of carotenoids varied from 1.4 to 2.8 mg/100 g, the amount of anthocyanins varied from 23.2 to 44.6 mg/100 g, and the amount of total phenolics varied from 753.0 to 1460.0 mg/100 g. The presence of these large amounts of biologically active compounds enables their use as potent antioxidants. The data describing agro-biological characteristics, biochemical components, and health promoting activities of V. opulus fruits will increase the understanding of this plant and facilitate its use in the food and pharmaceuticals industry.
Pratiques de littératie à l'école. Pour une approche ethnographique de la classe en deuxième année d'immersion en Colombie-Britannique
Authors: Moore Danièle , Sabatier Cécile 
Published: August 2010

RésuméÀ partir d'un corpus recueilli dans trois classes de deuxième année de l'école primaire en immersion française en Colombie-Britannique, l'article explore le concept de littératie(s) dans son articulation avec les notions de contexte et de culture éducative, et présente la méthodologie et les classes observées selon une perspective ethnographique. L'analyse des données insiste sur les pratiques de littératie dans les classes pour, dans sa conclusion, poser les jalons d'une réflexion qui envisage la question de l'agir professionnel et de la formation des enseignants. Cette étude met ainsi l'emphase sur le travail pédagogique des enseignants, en proposant une description minutieuse de l'éventail des pratiques de littératie qui font le quotidien des élèves et de leurs enseignants.
Predicting Protein-protein Interaction Using Amino Acid Sequence Information: A Computational Approach
Authors: Shoyaib Mohammad , Abdullah-Al-Wadud M. , Baker Syed Murtuza , Islam Mohammad Nurul , Chae Oksam 
Published: August 2010

An improved computational approach which implements a protein-protein interaction prediction system based on the sequence information of a protein has been presented. A Support Vector Machine (SVM) is trained with this sequence information to predict the interactions. This interaction prediction technique exhibits 79.81% accuracy over a wide range of data, which is a significant improvement over other conventional computational protein-protein interaction prediction methods. Key words: Protein-protein interaction, Amino acid sequence, Computational approach D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v20i1.5963 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 20(1): 37-45, 2010 (June)
The Role of Drought Stress on Anther Culture of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Islam S. M. Shahinul 
Published: August 2010

Drought stress was found to pose a significant effect on anther culture of wheat, namely Barkat, Kanchan and Pavon-76. Regeneration potentials of these varieties were determined by estimating the percentage of anther response, embryo induction, embryo regeneration and production of green and albino plants. It was observed that out of five treatments such as T1 (1 hr), T2 (3 hr), T3 (5 hr), T4 (7 hr) and T5 (9 hr) only T2 showed highest percentage of embryo yield and green plantlets. The T1 and T3 also gave significantly better results compared to the control. All the genotypes produced embryos and green plantlets and of them Barkat showed best performance followed by Kanchan and Pavon 76. Genotypes, under this study, produced green plants in addition to albinos but T4 and T5 showed three - fourfold higher albino plant production in comparison to treatments. Key words: Anther culture, Drought stress, Haploids, Triticum aestivum D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v20i1.5965 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 20(1): 55-61, 2010 (June)
In vitro Propagation of Polygonum hydropiper L. from Shoot Tips
Authors: Hasan M. F. , Sikdar B. 
Published: August 2010

An efficient protocol for plant regeneration through multiple shoots induction from shoot tips of Polygonum hydropiper (L.) was established. The highest percentage (96.6) of multiple shoot induction and number of shoots (9.0) per culture were found on MS supplemented with 2.0 mg/l Kn. The induced shoots were excised and inoculated on to MS contains different concentrations of IBA or NAA for rooting. The highest percentage (90.0) of root induction and the highest number of roots per shoot (12.0) was found on MS having 1.0 mg/l IBA. Well rooted plantlets were acclimated properly and transplanted in the soil under natural condition, where cent per cent plantlets survived and grew successfully. Key words: Polygonum hydropiper, Shoot tips, In vitro propagation D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v20i1.5970 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 20(1): 73-79, 2010 (June)