bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of dexmedetomidine on pulmonary function in obese patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery
Authors: Chen Huan , Wang Xin , Zhang Yawen , Liu Wei , Zhou Changhao , Zheng Deli 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective
This research aimed to ascertain the effect of dexmedetomidine on pulmonary function in obese patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.

Methods
Obese patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia were separated into the control group (group C) and the dexmedetomidine group (group D) (n = 30). Patients in group D were infused with dexmedetomidine (1 μg/kg) intravenously for 10 min and then at a rate of 0.5 mg/kg h until 30 min before the end of the surgery, and those in group C were infused with an equal volume of saline. The surgery time points were divided into: before anesthesia induction (T0), 5 min after intubation (T1), 30 min after pneumoperitoneum (T2), 10 min after pneumoperitoneum release (T3), at the time of extubation (T4), 3 min after extubation (T5), and 24 h after surgery (T6). Arterial blood was collected for blood gas analysis to record arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2). Dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn), oxygenation index (OI), alveolar-arterial oxygen partial pressure difference (A-aDO2), and respiratory index (RI) were calculated. The time of surgery, anesthesia, CO2 pneumoperitoneum, eye-opening, and time from the end of surgery to extubation were recorded. Plasma IL-8 and IL-10 levels were measured from T0 to T6.

Results
The time of surgery, anesthesia, CO2 pneumoperitoneum, eye-opening, and time from the end of surgery to extubation in group D were not statistically significant when compared with those in group C. Versus at the T1 time point, A-aDO2 and RI were higher and Cdyn and OI were lower in both groups at T2 and T3 time points. Versus group C, group D had higher Cdyn and OI and lower A-aDO2 and RI at T2 and T3 time points. Versus at the T0 time point, at each time point from T1 to T6, IL-8 and IL-10 levels were higher in both groups. Versus group C, group D had lower IL-8 and higher IL-10 levels at each time point from T1 to T6.

Conclusion
In obese patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia, the use of dexmedetomidine can improve the lung compliance and OI of the patients, inhibit the inflammatory response of the lungs of the patients and thus have a certain protective effect on the lung function.
Hybrid Environmentally Friendly Method for RCA Concrete Quality Improvement
Authors: Mardani Alieh , Bui Ngoc Kien , Noguchi Takafumi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractResearch on concrete recycling has led to the discovery of many processes for recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) treatment, each with its pros and cons on quality improvement, resource requirements, or scalability. This study aimed to propose a technique that combines two methods (mechanical grinding and acidic soaking) for mortar removal and improves the quality of RCA so as to realize a zero-waste, highly efficient, few-hours-long single-step process which we call acid milling. A quantitative comparison of aggregate and final concrete quality has been performed between each separate method. The proposed method shows about 57% relative improvement of aggregate quality for water absorption and density, while the concrete experiment shows up to 10% relative improvement for the compressive and flexural strengths compared with the untreated RCA concrete. This study paves the way for an efficient and sustainable concrete recycling process to be applied on a large scale.
Target recognition-initiated allosteric probe-based multiple signal amplification strategy for sensitive and direct Pseudomonas aeruginosa detection
Authors: Xue Kun , Kang Shuhong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), a kind of gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, are causative agents of severe infections, such as lower respiratory tract infections in children and cancers. Detecting low levels of P. aeruginosa in clinical samples in an easy-to-operate manner is highly desired but still poses a problem. Herein, we established a target recognition-initiated allosteric probe-based multiple signal amplification strategy for sensitive detection of P. aeruginosa in a wash-free way. This approach involves the allosteric probe’s accurate recognition and binding to target P. aeruginosa, leading to subsequent multiple-cycle amplification. Afterward, the amplified products were translated to induce the aggregation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), resulting in color variations. The utilization of the allosteric probe, which is integrated with the aptamer sequences, enables wash-free detection of P. aeruginosa. Taking the merit of multiple signal amplification process, the suggested method showed a strong linear response to the extracted P. aeruginosa within a concentration range of 10–105 cfu/mL, with a low limit of detection for individual P. aeruginosa detection. The proposed technique has considerable clinical promise for early disease diagnosis because to its high sensitivity and wash-free simplicity.
Enhancing the biosynthesis of taxadien-5α-yl-acetate in Escherichia coli by combinatorial metabolic engineering approaches
Authors: Xie Wen-Liang , Zhang Mei-Fang , Huang Zheng-Yu , Xu Man , Li Chun-Xiu , Xu Jian-He 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBiosynthesis of paclitaxel (Taxol™) is a hot topic with extensive and durable interests for decades. However, it is severely hindered due to the very low titers of intermediates. In this study, Escherichia coli was employed to de novo synthesize a key intermediate of paclitaxel, taxadien-5α-yl-acetate (T5OAc). Plasmid-based pathway reconstruction and optimization were conducted for T5OAc production. The endogenous methylerythritol phosphate pathway was enhanced to increase the precursor supply. Three taxadien-5α-ol O-acetyltransferases were tested to obtain the best enzyme for the acetylation step. Metabolic burden was relieved to restore cell growth and promote production through optimizing the plasmid production system. In order to achieve metabolic balance, the biosynthesis pathway was regulated precisely by multivariate-modular metabolic engineering. Finally, in a 5-L bioreactor, the T5OAc titer was enhanced to reach 10.9 mg/L. This represents an approximately 272-fold increase in production compared to the original strain, marking the highest yield of T5OAc ever documented in E. coli, which is believed to be helpful for promoting the progress of paclitaxel biosynthesis.
The importance of data preconditioning strategies for envelope full-waveform inversion methods: Demonstration on marine seismic data
Authors: Xiong Kai , Lumley David , Zhou Wei 
Published: May 2024

Envelope full-waveform inversion (EI) of seismic data has been proposed to overcome the cycle-skipping issue and recover long-wavelength velocity components for over a decade. However, we are aware of few published successful applications of EI on real data examples (except for some correlation- or phase-based EI methods). We implement EI methods (EI with [Formula: see text], EI with p = 1, and improved EI) on 2D marine seismic data and find that the amplitude mismatching between the modeled and observed data is a critical factor that prevents the successful application of EI methods to real data. To match the amplitude better, we include a data weighting preconditioner in the objective function of the EI methods. The preconditioner term acts as a weighting factor to compensate for the amplitude mismatch between the observed and modeled data. We develop a method for calculating the preconditioner term using the amplitude of the head waves as a reference. Furthermore, we derive the adjoint source and gradient of the EI using the data preconditioning method. We illustrate the successful application of EI methods with the data preconditioning method using the 2D marine seismic data example. In comparison to the EI methods without the data preconditioning method, those using data preconditioning yield much more geophysically reasonable velocity models and Kirchhoff image sections and common-image gathers.
Environmental Phenols and Growth in Infancy: The Infant Feeding and Early Development Study
Authors: Stevens Danielle R , Goldberg Mandy , Adgent Margaret , Chin Helen B , Baird Donna D , Stallings Virginia A , Sandler Dale P , Calafat Antonia M , Ford Eileen G , Zemel Babette S , Kelly Andrea , Umbach David M , Rogan Walter , Ferguson Kelly K 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Context
Higher mean and rapid increases in body mass index (BMI) during infancy are associated with subsequent obesity and may be influenced by exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals such as phenols.

Objective
In a prospective US-based cohort conducted 2010-2014, we investigated associations between environmental phenol exposures and BMI in 199 infants.

Methods
We measured 7 urinary phenols at ages 6-8 and 12 weeks and assessed BMI z-score at up to 12 study visits between birth and 36 weeks. We examined individual and joint associations of averaged early infancy phenols with level of BMI z-score using mean differences (β [95% CI]) and with BMI z-score trajectories using relative risk ratios (RR [95% CI]).

Results
Benzophenone-3, methyl and propyl paraben, and all phenols jointly were positively associated with higher mean BMI z-score (0.07 [−0.05, 0.18], 0.10 [−0.08, 0.27], 0.08 [−0.09, 0.25], 0.17 [−0.08, 0.43], respectively). Relative to a stable trajectory, benzophenone-3, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,5-dichlorophenol, and all phenols jointly were positively associated with risk of a rapid increase trajectory (1.46 [0.89, 2.39], 1.33 [0.88, 2.01], 1.66 [1.03, 2.68], 1.41 [0.71, 2.84], respectively).

Conclusion
Early phenol exposure was associated with a higher mean and rapid increase in BMI z-score across infancy, signaling potential long-term cardiometabolic consequences of exposure.
Loading Enhances Glucose Uptake in Muscles, Bones, and Bone Marrow of Lower Extremities in Humans
Authors: Bellman Jakob , Sjöros Tanja , Hägg Daniel , Atencio Herre Erika , Hieta Janina , Eskola Olli , Laitinen Kirsi , Nuutila Pirjo , Jansson John-Olov , Jansson Per-Anders , Kalliokoski Kari , Roivainen Anne , Ohlsson Claes 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Context
Increased standing time has been associated with improved health, but the underlying mechanism is unclear.

Objectives
We herein investigate if increased weight loading increases energy demand and thereby glucose uptake (GU) locally in bone and/or muscle in the lower extremities.

Methods
In this single-center clinical trial with a randomized crossover design (ClinicalTrials.gov ID, NCT05443620), we enrolled 10 men with body mass index between 30 and 35 kg/m2. Participants were treated with both high load (standing with weight vest weighing 11% of body weight) and no load (sitting) on the lower extremities. GU was measured using whole-body quantitative positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging. The primary endpoint was the change in GU ratio between loaded bones (ie, femur and tibia) and nonloaded bones (ie, humerus).

Results
High load increased the GU ratio between lower and upper extremities in cortical diaphyseal bone (eg, femur/humerus ratio increased by 19%, P = .029), muscles (eg, m. quadriceps femoris/m. triceps brachii ratio increased by 28%, P = .014), and certain bone marrow regions (femur/humerus diaphyseal bone marrow region ratio increased by 17%, P = .041). Unexpectedly, we observed the highest GU in the bone marrow region of vertebral bodies, but its GU was not affected by high load.

Conclusion
Increased weight-bearing loading enhances GU in muscles, cortical bone, and bone marrow of the exposed lower extremities. This could be interpreted as increased local energy demand in bone and muscle caused by increased loading. The physiological importance of the increased local GU by static loading remains to be determined.
The Perverted Ancestry of the Antiheroine: Bad Mothers and Unruly Daughters in Sharp Objects and Mare of Easttown
Authors: Gardner Eleanore , Miller Alyson 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
While complex women in contemporary television are, as Svenja Hohenstein and Katharina Thalmann contend, “no longer a niche phenomenon,” the antiheroine continues to be defined by her relationship to motherhood, sexuality, and violence. This essay contrasts antiheroines Camille Preaker and Mare Sheehan from HBO's Sharp Objects and Mare of Easttown and argues that the antiheroine is premised on a disturbed mother-daughter dynamic that complexly manifests in two key opposing ways: in Sharp Objects, as the destruction of both self and other via a dynamic that is monstrous and devouring; and in Mare of Easttown, as a source of reconciliation and healing through a redemptive vision of the maternal. Both series confront the idea that the antiheroine's moral failings are a result of bad mothering, a familiar patriarchal trope that is simultaneously challenged and upheld in the narratives. Importantly, while they differ in their responses to essentialist patriarchal ideologies, Sharp Objects and Mare of Easttown position patriarchy as the true monster and suggest that control over the self can be gained through resisting the notions of the maternal taint.
Heterogeneous identity, stiffness and growth characterise the shoot apex of Arabidopsis stem cell mutants
Authors: Rambaud-Lavigne Léa , Chatterjee Aritra , Bovio Simone , Battu Virginie , Lavigne Quentin , Gundiah Namrata , Boudaoud Arezki , Das Pradeep 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Stem cell homeostasis in the shoot apical meristem involves a core regulatory feedback loop between the signalling peptide CLAVATA3 (CLV3), produced in stem cells, and the transcription factor WUSCHEL, expressed in the underlying organising centre. clv3 mutant meristems display massive overgrowth, which is thought to be caused by stem cell overproliferation, although it is unknown how uncontrolled stem cell divisions lead to this altered morphology. Here, we reveal local buckling defects in mutant meristems, and use analytical models to show how mechanical properties and growth rates may contribute to the phenotype. Indeed, clv3 mutant meristems are mechanically more heterogeneous than the wild type, and also display regional growth heterogeneities. Furthermore, stereotypical wild-type meristem organisation, in which cells simultaneously express distinct fate markers, is lost in mutants. Finally, cells in mutant meristems are auxin responsive, suggesting that they are functionally distinguishable from wild-type stem cells. Thus, all benchmarks show that clv3 mutant meristem cells are different from wild-type stem cells, suggesting that overgrowth is caused by the disruption of a more complex regulatory framework that maintains distinct genetic and functional domains in the meristem.
Tech-Enabled Financial Data Access, Retail Investors, and Gambling-Like Behavior in the Stock Market
Authors: Havakhor Taha , Rahman Mohammad Saifur , Zhang Tianjian , Zhu Chenqi 
Published: May 2024

Advancements in technology have reduced information acquisition costs, creating an improved information environment for retail investors. Specifically, new technologies, such as application programming interface (API), deliver high-volume, institutional-like raw data directly to Main Street investors. Although greater availability of information can be beneficial, it may also exacerbate retail investors’ existing trading deficiencies. Exploiting the sudden shutdown of Yahoo! Finance API, the largest free API for retail investors, this study examines how access to tech-enabled raw financial data affects retail investment. We find that retail trading volumes in stocks favored by active retail investors dropped by 8.6%–10.5% within one month of the API shutdown. The remaining retail trades collectively became more predictive of future returns, suggesting less gambling-like behavior after the API shutdown. Moreover, our randomized controlled experiment affirms the underlying mechanism: tech-enabled access to high-volume historical price data increases individuals’ overconfidence, which further leads them to engage in excessive trading. The study reveals an unintended consequence of technology-led, wider data access for retail investors. This paper was accepted by D. J. Wu, information systems. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2021.01379 .
Distributionally Robust Observable Strategic Queues
Authors: Wang Yijie , Prasad Madhushini Narayana , Hanasusanto Grani A. , Hasenbein John J. 
Published: May 2024

This paper presents an extension of Naor’s analysis on the join-or-balk problem in observable M/M/1 queues. Although all other Markovian assumptions still hold, we explore this problem assuming uncertain arrival rates under the distributionally robust settings. We first study the problem with the classical moment ambiguity set, where the support, mean, and mean-absolute deviation of the underlying distribution are known. Next, we extend the model to the data-driven setting, where decision makers only have access to a finite set of samples. We develop three optimal joining threshold strategies from the perspectives of an individual customer, a social optimizer, and a revenue maximizer such that their respective worst-case expected benefit rates are maximized. Finally, we compare our findings with Naor’s original results and the traditional sample average approximation scheme. Funding: This research was supported by the National Science Foundation [Grants 2342505 and 2343869].
Step 2 for the treatment of periodontal diseases: adjunctive therapies
Authors: Guo Kitty , Sharma Praveen 
Published: May 2024

Step 2 of periodontal therapy primarily aims at the non-surgical, mechanical disruption of the subgingival biofilm and removal of plaque-retentive factors, allowing a shift from disease to health. Numerous therapeutic agents have been proposed as adjuncts to non-surgical periodontal therapy, generally through either aiding disruption of the dental plaque biofilm, or though alteration of the host immune response. This article reviews the British Society of Periodontology's implementation of the S3-level guidelines in relation to adjunctive therapies. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Recommendation to use adjunctive therapies in the treatment of periodontitis requires careful consideration of the available evidence as well as the wider effects of the proposed therapy.
The perio–ortho interface: latest guidelines
Authors: Wadia Reena , Hasan Aliya , Preshaw Philip M , Johal Ama 
Published: May 2024

This article focuses on the latest S3-level clinical practice guidelines, which allow for an evidence-based and patient-centred decision-making process for managing periodontitis patients who require orthodontics as part of their interdisciplinary care. Orthodontic management, including types of appliances, movement, use of adjuncts and timing are discussed. Management of periodontitis relapse, as well as the importance of successful maintenance and retention, are also highlighted. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Severe periodontitis can result in pathological migration of teeth that may benefit from orthodontic therapy.
OUTCOME OF REVISION SURGERY FOR FAILED ANKLE ARTHROPLASTY: REVISION ARTHROPLASTY VERSUS ARTHRODESIS
Authors: Egglestone A. , Kakwani R. , Murty A.N. , Townshend D. 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionWhen ankle arthroplasty fails the options are revision to arthrodesis or revision to arthroplasty. We report early outcomes of revision procedures for failed total replacement.MethodsRetrospective review of prospectively collected data including post-operative complications, union, survivorship and PROMS scores to compare revision to arthrodesis and revision to arthroplasty.Results31 revision procedures (10 revision to arthrodesis and 21 revision to arthroplasty) were performed for failed primary ankle arthroplasty (30 patients) between January 2012 and June 2019. 23 males: 8 females, average age of 68. Indications for revisions were aseptic loosening (13), cysts/lysis (6), pain (5), periprosthetic infection (3), fracture (2), fibula erosion (1), polyethylene dislocation (1). Union rate following arthrodesis was 77.9% after primary revision procedure. Impaction bone grafting technique was utilised in seven patients with a union rate of 83%. Survivorship following revision to arthroplasty was 100% at two years; 87.5% at three years and 75% at four years Failed revision arthroplasty was revised to arthrodesis successfully. Median MOxFQ was 73.5 for the arthrodesis group versus 17 in the arthroplasty group (p=0.02). Median AOS was 87 for the arthrodesis group versus 12 for the arthroplasty group (p=0.04).DiscussionThis study demonstrated the potential advantages in the short term of revision arthroplasty over conversion to arthrodesis with statistically significant improvements in MOxFQ and AOS within the first two years following revision.
The Decline in Professional Organization Growth Has Accompanied the Decline of Physician Influence on Healthcare
Authors:   Phoenix Pulmonary and Critical Care Research and Education Foundation, Gilbert, AZ USA, Robbins Richard 
Published: May 2024

No abstract available. Article truncated after 150 words. There is little doubt that most professional organizations are experiencing a failure to grow. For example, in the early 1950’s, about 75% of US physicians were American Medical Association (AMA) members (1). That percentage has steadily decreased over the years. In 2019 there were only 132,133 practicing physicians or about 12.1% of physicians who are AMA members (2). According to Kevin Campbell (2) there are many reasons for this decline including: •	The AMA touts itself as speaking for all of us (physicians) -- but rarely listens to any of us -- they work to fill their own pockets with dollars from big pharma and government. •	The AMA tends to have a narrow-minded political view and works to stifle any dissenting opinions (in an effort to continue to align with the government agencies that line the pockets of AMA executives with taxpayer money). •	The AMA has collaborated with the government to …