bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seismic performance assessment of base‐isolated safety‐related nuclear structures
Authors: Huang Yin‐Nan , Whittaker Andrew S. , Luco Nicolas 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSeismic or base isolation is a proven technology for reducing the effects of earthquake shaking on buildings, bridges and infrastructure. The benefit of base isolation has been presented in terms of reduced accelerations and drifts on superstructure components but never quantified in terms of either a percentage reduction in seismic loss (or percentage increase in safety) or the probability of an unacceptable performance. Herein, we quantify the benefits of base isolation in terms of increased safety (or smaller loss) by comparing the safety of a sample conventional and base‐isolated nuclear power plant (NPP) located in the Eastern U.S. Scenario‐ and time‐based assessments are performed using a new methodology. Three base isolation systems are considered, namely, (1) Friction Pendulum™ bearings, (2) lead–rubber bearings and (3) low‐damping rubber bearings together with linear viscous dampers. Unacceptable performance is defined by the failure of key secondary systems because these systems represent much of the investment in a new build power plant and ensure the safe operation of the plant. For the scenario‐based assessments, the probability of unacceptable performance is computed for an earthquake with a magnitude of 5.3 at a distance 7.5 km from the plant. For the time‐based assessments, the annual frequency of unacceptable performance is computed considering all potential earthquakes that may occur. For both assessments, the implementation of base isolation reduces the probability of unacceptable performance by approximately four orders of magnitude for the same NPP superstructure and secondary systems. The increase in NPP construction cost associated with the installation of seismic isolators can be offset by substantially reducing the required seismic strength of secondary components and systems and potentially eliminating the need to seismically qualify many secondary components and systems. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Surfactant-facilitated remediation of metal-contaminated soils: Efficacy and toxicological consequences to earthworms
Authors: Slizovskiy Ilya B , Kelsey Jason W , Hatzinger Paul B 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
The effectiveness of surfactant formulations to remove aged metals from a field soil and their influence on soil toxicity was investigated. Batch studies were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of cationic (1-dodecylpyridinium chloride; DPC), nonionic (oleyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride; trade name Ammonyx KP), and anionic (rhamnolipid biosurfactant blend; trade name JBR-425) surfactants for extracting Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd from a soil subjected to more than 80 years of metal deposition. All three surfactants enhanced removal of the target metals. The anionic biosurfactant JBR-425 was most effective, reducing Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd in the soil by 39, 56, 68, and 43%, respectively, compared with less than 6% removal by water alone. Progressive acidification of the surfactants with citric acid buffer or addition of ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (EDTA) further improved extraction efficiency, with more than 95% extraction of all four metals by surfactants acidified to pH 3.6 and generally greater than 90% removal of all metals with addition of 0.1 M EDTA. In two species of earthworm, Eisenia fetida and Lumbricus terrestris, metal bioaccumulation was reduced by approximately 30 to 80%, total biomass was enhanced by approximately threefold to sixfold, and survival was increased to greater than 75% in surfactant-remediated soil compared with untreated soil. The data indicate that surfactant washing may be a feasible approach to treat surface soils contaminated with a variety of metals, even if those metals have been present for nearly a century, and that the toxicity and potential for metal accumulation in biota from the treated soils may be significantly reduced. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:112–123. © 2010 SETAC
Physiological effects of temperature and a herbicide mixture on the soft-shell clam Mya arenaria (Mollusca, Bivalvia)
Authors: Greco Luna , Pellerin Jocelyne , Capri Ettore , Garnerot Florent , Louis Séverine , Fournier Michel , Sacchi Angela , Fusi Marco , Lapointe Dominique , Couture Patrice 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate effects of temperature and a mixture of herbicides on the physiological status of the bivalve Mya arenaria. Bivalves acclimated to two temperatures (7 and 18°C) were exposed for 28 d to 0.01 mg/L of a pesticide formulation containing dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 2-(2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy) propionic acid (mecoprop), and 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (dicamba). At days 7, 14, and 28, mortality, immune parameters (hemocyte number, phagocytic activity, and efficiency), biomarkers of oxidative stress (catalase [CAT] and superoxide dismutase [SOD] activities and malondialdehyde [MDA] content), the metabolic enzyme cytochrome C oxidase (CCO), a biomarker of pesticide exposure (acetylcholinesterase [AChE]), and the activity of an enzyme related to gametogenesis (aspartate transcarbamylase [ATCase]) were monitored in clam tissues. Gonadosomatic index (GSI), condition factor (CF), and sex were also assessed. In clams acclimated to 7°C, exposure to pesticide enhanced CCO activity and CF and decreased MDA content, hemocyte number, CAT, and SOD activities. In clams kept at 18°C, pesticide effects appeared minor compared with samples kept at 7°C. In bivalves acclimated to 18°C, CCO, SOD, and ATCase activity and MDA content were enhanced, and hemocyte number, CAT, and AchE activities and phagocytosis were suppressed. In samples exposed to pesticides, increased temperature enhanced MDA content and CCO and SOD activity and suppressed hemocyte number and CAT and AchE activity. A gradual sexual maturation was observed in both sexes through experimental time, but females had a higher sensitivity to temperature and pesticides compared to males. Increased temperature altered the ability of the sentinel species Mya arenaria to respond to pesticide exposures. Further work is needed to understand the impacts of increasing temperature on the whole St. Lawrence estuary ecosystem. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:132–141. © 2010 SETAC
Plants growing on contaminated and brownfield sites appropriate for use in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development terrestrial plant growth test
Authors: Sinnett Danielle E , Lawrence Victoria K , Hutchings Tony R , Hodson Mark E 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) terrestrial plant test is often used for the ecological risk assessment of contaminated land. However, its origins in plant protection product testing mean that the species recommended in the OECD guidelines are unlikely to occur on contaminated land. Six alternative species were tested on contaminated soils from a former Zn smelter and a metal fragmentizer with elevated concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn. The response of the alternative species was compared with that of two species recommended by the OECD: Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) and Trifolium pratense (red clover). Urtica dioica (stinging nettle) and Poa annua (annual meadowgrass) had low emergence rates in the control soil and so may be considered unsuitable. Festuca rubra (Chewings fescue), Holcus lanatus (Yorkshire fog), Senecio vulgaris (common groundsel), and Verbascum thapsus (great mullein) offer good alternatives to the OECD species. In particular, H. lanatus and S. vulgaris were more sensitive to the soils with moderate concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn than the OECD species. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:124–131. © 2010 SETAC
An assessment of honeybee colony matrices, Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) to monitor pesticide presence in continental France
Authors: Chauzat Marie-Pierre , Martel Anne-Claire , Cougoule Nicolas , Porta Philippe , Lachaize Julie , Zeggane Sarah , Aubert Michel , Carpentier Patrice , Faucon Jean-Paul 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
The frequency of occurrence and relative concentration of 44 pesticides in apicultural (Apis mellifera) matrices collected from five French locations (24 apiaries) were assessed from 2002 to 2005. The number and nature of the pesticides investigated varied with the matrices examined—living honeybees, pollen loads, honey, and beeswax. Pollen loads and beeswax had the highest frequency of pesticide occurrence among the apiary matrices examined in the present study, whereas honey samples had the lowest. The imidacloprid group and the fipronil group were detected in sufficient amounts in all matrices to allow statistical comparisons. Some seasonal variation was shown when residues were identified in pollen loads. Given the results (highest frequency of presence) and practical aspects (easy to collect; matrix with no turnover, unlike with bees that are naturally renewed), pollen loads were the best matrix for assessing the presence of pesticide residues in the environment in our given conditions. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:103–111. © 2010 SETAC
Fast predicted handover in IEEE 802.16 networks
Authors: Becvar Zdenek , Mach Pavel 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe handover procedure can have a negative impact on the quality of service due to the short break in the connection. This paper proposes a modification of the hard handover procedure to enable reduction of the handover interruption time by exploiting the results of a handover prediction. The prediction of handover allows performing a part of handover procedure in advance to the interruption of a connection caused by the handover. The simulation results show that the proposed handover procedure fulfils requirements on the handover interruption according to the originating IEEE 802.16m standard for a wide range of frame durations. Moreover, the proposed technique outperforms conventional handover and all well‐known proposals shortening the handover interruption as well. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CD8+Foxp3+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes accumulate in the context of an effective anti‐tumor response
Authors: Le Dung T. , Ladle Brian H. , Lee Timothy , Weiss Vivian , Yao Xiaosai , Leubner Ashley , Armstrong Todd D. , Jaffee Elizabeth M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe composition of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) is heterogeneous. In addition, the ratio of various subpopulations in the tumor microenvironment is highly dependent on the nature of the host's immune response. Here, we characterize Foxp3‐expressing CD8+ T cells in the tumor that demonstrate effector function and accumulate in the context of an effective anti‐tumor response. CD8+Foxp3+ T cells are induced in TIL in regressing tumors of FVB/N mice treated with a GM‐CSF secreting HER‐2/neu targeted whole cell vaccine. Foxp3 expression in tumor antigen‐specific CD8 T cells is restricted to the tumor microenvironment and influenced by cues in the tumor. Interestingly, Foxp3+ and Foxp3− CD8+ T cells have similar IFN‐γ production and antigen‐specific degranulation after stimulation with RNEU420–429, the immunodominant HER‐2/neu (neu) epitope in this model. Adoptive transfer studies, using RNEU(420–429)‐specific effector T cells into neu‐N mice (a model that results in immune tolerance to neu), confirm that CD8+Foxp3+ T cells are present in tumors only if there is an existing pool of tumor‐rejecting effector T cells. CD8+Foxp3+ TILs mark the presence of tumor‐rejecting antigen‐specific T cells and their accumulation serves as a marker for an effective T cell response.
Use of GC × GC/TOF‐MS and LC/TOF‐MS for metabolomic analysis of Hyalella azteca chronically exposed to atrazine and its primary metabolite, desethylatrazine
Authors: Ralston‐Hooper Kimberly J. , Adamec Jiri , Jannash Amber , Mollenhauer Robert , Ochoa‐Acuña Hugo , Sepúlveda Maria S. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTAtrazine is one of the most commonly detected contaminants in the U.S. Little information is available on one of atrazine's metabolites, desethylatrazine (DEA). Two‐dimensional gas chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled with time of flight‐ mass spectrometry were used to examine metabolite profiles of Hyalella azteca chronically exposed to 30 µg/L atrazine and DEA. The majority of identified metabolites were by‐products of β‐oxidation of fatty acids suggesting possible disruption in energy metabolism. Eicosanoids increased in exposed females suggesting possible perturbations in neuropeptide hormonal systems. Overall, this research demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing metabolomic profiling of invertebrate species exposed to environmental contaminants as a way to determine mechanisms of toxicity. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Relationships of lipocalin 2 with breast tumorigenesis and metastasis
Authors: Leng Xiaohong , Wu Yun , Arlinghaus Ralph B. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBreast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide and accounts for one‐sixth of cancer deaths in the United States. Breast cancer consists of a heterogeneous group of tumours classified into five types, in which the HER2/neu positive and the basal type (most are ER and HER2 negative) have the worst clinical prognosis. In recent years, prognostic/predictive markers such as ER/PR or HER2/neu have been widely used in the selection of the optimal breast cancer treatments for individual patients, which have been proven to be very effective in disease control. These results suggest that further examination of the molecular mechanisms underlying the breast tumorigenesis and identification of the potential biomarkers in different types of breast cancers will greatly benefit clinical diagnosis and facilitate the design of more effective personalized therapies to increase patient survival. This review aims to summarize recent research findings on lipocalin 2 (LCN2), a newly identified biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer, and the possible mechanisms underlying its role in tumorigenesis and metastasis. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 309–314, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stromal stem cells from adipose tissue and bone marrow of age‐matched female donors display distinct immunophenotypic profiles
Authors: Pachón‐Peña G. , Yu G. , Tucker A. , Wu X. , Vendrell J. , Bunnell B.A. , Gimble J.M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAdipose tissue is composed of lipid‐filled mature adipocytes and a heterogeneous stromal vascular fraction (SVF) population of cells. Similarly, the bone marrow (BM) is composed of multiple cell types including adipocytes, hematopoietic, osteoprogenitor, and stromal cells necessary to support hematopoiesis. Both adipose and BM contain a population of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells with the potential to differentiate into multiple lineages, including adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic cells, depending on the culture conditions. In this study we have shown that human adipose‐derived stem cells (ASCs) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) populations display a common expression profile for many surface antigens, including CD29, CD49c, CD147, CD166, and HLA‐abc. Nevertheless, significant differences were noted in the expression of CD34 and its related protein, PODXL, CD36, CD 49f, CD106, and CD146. Furthermore, ASCs displayed more pronounced adipogenic differentiation capability relative to BMSC based on Oil Red staining (7‐fold vs. 2.85‐fold induction). In contrast, no difference between the stem cell types was detected for osteogenic differentiation based on Alizarin Red staining. Analysis by RT‐PCR demonstrated that both the ASC and BMSC differentiated adipocytes and osteoblast displayed a significant upregulation of lineage‐specific mRNAs relative to the undifferentiated cell populations; no significant differences in fold mRNA induction was noted between ASCs and BMSCs. In conclusion, these results demonstrate human ASCs and BMSCs display distinct immunophenotypes based on surface positivity and expression intensity as well as differences in adipogenic differentiation. The findings support the use of both human ASCs and BMSCs for clinical regenerative medicine. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 843–851, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Assembly of the fluorescent acrosomal matrix and its fate in fertilization in the water strider, Aquarius remigis
Authors: Miyata Haruhiko , Noda Naoki , Fairbairn Daphne J. , Oldenbourg Rudolf , Cardullo Richard A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAnimal sperm show remarkable diversity in both morphology and molecular composition. Here we provide the first report of intense intrinsic fluorescence in an animal sperm. The sperm from a semi‐aquatic insect, the water strider, Aquarius remigis, contains an intrinsically fluorescent molecule with properties consistent with those of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), which appears first in the acrosomal vesicle of round spermatids and persists in the acrosome throughout spermiogenesis. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching reveals that the fluorescent molecule exhibits unrestricted mobility in the acrosomal vesicle of round spermatids but is completely immobile in the acrosome of mature sperm. Fluorescence polarization microscopy shows a net alignment of the fluorescent molecules in the acrosome of the mature sperm but not in the acrosomal vesicle of round spermatids. These results suggest that acrosomal molecules are rearranged in the elongating acrosome and FAD is incorporated into the acrosomal matrix during its formation. Further, we followed the fate of the acrosomal matrix in fertilization utilizing the intrinsic fluorescence. The fluorescent acrosomal matrix was observed inside the fertilized egg and remained structurally intact even after gastrulation started. This observation suggests that FAD is not released from the acrosomal matrix during the fertilization process or early development and supports an idea that FAD is involved in the formation of the acrosomal matrix. The intrinsic fluorescence of the A. remigis acrosome will be a useful marker for following spermatogenesis and fertilization. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 999–1006, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
PP2A interaction with Rb2/p130 mediates translocation of Rb2/p130 into the nucleus in all‐Trans retinoic acid‐treated ovarian carcinoma cells
Authors: Purev Enkhtsetseg , Soprano Dianne R. , Soprano Kenneth J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractOne of the mechanisms by which all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA) has been shown to suppress the growth of CAOV3 ovarian carcinoma cells involves an increase in the accumulation of Rb2/p130 protein, a member of the retinoblastoma family of tumor suppressors. This increase in accumulation of RB2/p130 by ATRA results from increased stability of Rb2/p130 protein as a result of an increase in dephosphorylation of the protein by the serine/threonine phosphatase PP2A. We show that upon ATRA treatment, PP2A interacts with the Rb2/p130 C‐terminus and specifically dephosphorylates two residues (S1080 and T1097) adjacent to NLS1 and NLS2 of Rb2/p130. Moreover, co‐immunoprecipitation studies reveal that Rb2/p130 can form a complex with the nuclear transport proteins, importin α and importin β, binding to the same dephosphorylated NLS1 and NLS2 sites. Finally, mutation of S1080 and T1097 results in retension of Rb2/p130 in the cytoplasm. Our studies suggest that one mechanism by which ATRA treatment of CAOV3 cells induces G0/G1 arrest involves the recruitment of PP2A to the C‐terminus of Rb2/p130, resulting in the dephosphorylation of the S1080 and T1097 adjacent to the NLS and the subsequent interaction of Rb2/p130 with importins leading to transport of the Rb2/p130 to the nucleus where it inhibits cell‐cycle progression. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 1027–1034, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Electrode‐assisted desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Özdemir Abdil , Chen Chung‐Hsuan 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA new ion source has been developed for rapid, noncontact analysis of materials at ambient conditions. The method provides desorption of analytes under ambient conditions directly from different surfaces with little or no sample preparation. The new method, termed electrode‐assisted desorption electrospray ionization (EADESI), is on the basis of the ionization of molecules on different surfaces by highly charged droplets produced on a sharp‐edged high voltage tip, and ions produced are introduced into the mass spectrometer through a capillary. The EADESI technique can be applied to various samples including amino acids, peptides, proteins, drugs and human fluids such as urine and blood. EADESI is promising for routine analyses in different fields such as forensic, environmental and material sciences. EADESI interface can be fit to a conventional ion‐trap mass spectrometer. It can be used for various types of samples with a broad mass range. EADESI can also provide real‐time analysis which is very valuable for biomedical applications. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hypoxic‐ischemic brain injury exacerbates neuronal apoptosis and precipitates spontaneous seizures in glucose transporter isoform 3 heterozygous null mice
Authors: Fung Camille , Evans Edward , Shin Don , Shin Bo‐Chul , Zhao Yuanzi , Sankar Raman , Chaudhuri Gautam , Devaskar Sherin U. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractWe examined the effects of 45‐min hypoxia (FiO2 0.08; Hx) vs. normoxia (FiO2 0.21; Nx) on the ipsilateral (Ipsi) and contralateral (Ctrl) sides of the brain in neuronal glucose transporter isoform 3 (Glut3) heterozygous null mice (glut3+/−) and their wild‐type littermates (WT), undergoing unilateral carotid artery ligation. Glut3+/− mice, under Nx, demonstrated a compensatory increase in blood–brain barrier/glial Glut1 protein concentration and a concomitant increase in neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) enzyme activity and Bax protein, with a decrease in procaspase 3 protein (P < 0.05 each). After Hx, reoxygenation in FiO2 of 0.21 led to no comparable adaptive up‐regulation of the ipsilateral brain Glut3 or Glut1 protein at 4 hr and Glut1 at 24 hr in glut3+/− vs. WT. These brain Glut changes in glut3+/− but not WT mice were associated with an increase in proapoptotic Bax protein and caspase‐3 enzyme activity (P < 0.01 each) and a decline in the antiapoptotic Bcl‐2 and procaspase‐3 proteins (P < 0.05 each). Glut3+/− mice after Hx demonstrated TUNEL‐positive neurons with nuclear pyknosis in most ipsilateral (hypoxic‐ischemia) brain regions. A subset (∼55%) of glut3+/− mice developed spontaneous seizures after hypoxic‐ischemia, confirmed by electroencephalography, but the WT mice remained seizure‐free. Pentylenetetrazole testing demonstrated an increased occurrence of longer lasting clinical seizures at a lower threshold in glut3+/− vs. WT mice, with no detectable differences in monamine neurotransmitters. We conclude that hypoxic‐ischemic brain injury in glut3+/− mice exacerbates cellular apoptosis and necrosis and precipitates spontaneous seizures. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.