bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma and Liver α‐tocopherol in Dairy Cows with Left Abomasal Displacement and Fatty Liver
Authors: Mudron P. , Rehage J. , Sallmann H.‐P. , Mertens M. , Scholz H. , Kovac G. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThirty dairy cows with left abomasal displacement (LAD) and 14 healthy control cows were studied to assess the status of the natural antioxidant vitamin E, lipid peroxidation in the liver (malondialdehyde‐formation) and its relationship to hepatic lipidosis. Blood concentrations of α‐tocopherol, aminotransferase, glutamin dehydrogenase, free fatty acids, β‐hydroxybutyrate and glucose were determined, α‐tocopherol, tryglyceride, glycogen and malondialdehyde (MDA) in wet liver tissue samples were examined. The dietary α‐tocopherol intake and its plasma changes in LDA cows were also investigated. Cows were divided into four groups according to their liver triglyceride contents (< 20; 20–80; > 80 mg/g of fresh tissue; and control groups). The lowest plasma vitamin E and the highest liver vitamin E levels were found in cows with highest hepatic triglyceride content. The highest increase in plasma α‐tocopherol within 5 days was seen in cows with the lowest liver triglyceride (P < 0.01). The liver triglyceride was positively correlated with liver MDA (r = 0.38; P < 0.05) and negatively with plasma α‐tocopherol (r = −0.41; P < 0.01).
Evaluation of Three Pancreas Specific Protein Assays, TLI(Trypsin‐Like Immunoreactivity), PASP (Pancreas Specific Protein) and CA 19–9 (Glycoprotein) for use in the Diagnosis of Canine Pancreatitis
Authors: Archer F. J. , Kerr M. E. , Houston D. M. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThree radioimmunoassays (RIA) for the pancreas specific proteins TLI, PASP and CA 19–9 were evaluated in serum from normal control dogs (n = 40) and dogs with pancreatitis (n = 20). Statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) were found for serum TLI and PASP levels between the control and pancreatitis groups. However, only 3/20 dogs with pancreatitis had serum TLI concentrations greater than the highest concentration in control dogs. Concentrations of PASP in serum were higher in 15/20 dogs with pancreatitis than in the control dogs. The magnitude of the increase in concentrations of PASP in pancreatitis was small in the majority of cases. Thus these assays are of limited clinical value in the diagnosis of pancreatitis. There was no cross‐reactivity with dog serum in the CA 19–9 assay.
Efficacy of the Combination Sodium Ceftiofur‐Flumethasone in the Treatment of ExperimentalPasteurella haemolyticaBronchopneumonia in Calves
Authors: Sustronck B. , Deprez P. , Loon G. Van , Coghe J. , Muylle E. 
Published: May 2010

SummarySevere acute bronchopneumonia was induced in 18 conventional Friesian‐Holstein calves by inoculating them intratracheally with Pasteurella haemolytica type Al. Six of the calve received no treatment and served as controls. Six of the calves were treated with sodium ceftiofur and six were treated with sodium ceftiofur and flumethasone. The mortality rate in the group of calves treated with sodium ceftiofur and flumethasone was significantly lower and their clinical and haematological parameters returned to normal significantly faster than in the control calves and the calves treated with sodium ceftiofur alone.
A Comparative Study of Medetomidine‐Butotphanol‐Ketamine and Medetomidine‐Ketamine Anaesthesia in Dogs
Authors: Tomizawa N. , Tomita I. , Nakamura K. , Hara S. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe anaesthetic and cardiopulmonary effects of medetomidine (20 μg/kg)‐butorphanol (0.1 mg/kg)‐ketamine (MBK)(2.5, 5.0, 7.5mg/kg) and medetomidine (40 μg/kg)‐ketamine (5.0 mg/kg) (MK) were compared in dogs. The induction time (time from the initial injection of the sedative to lateral recumbency) by medetomidine‐butorphanol (6.0 ± 2.3 min) was significantly shorter than that by medetomidine alone (10.4 ± 2.9 min). The duration of anaesthesia induced by MK was shorter than that by MBK2.5. The analgesic effects of MBK were more potent man those of MK Mean arterial blood pressure increased significantly after administration of the sedatives, and then decreased to base‐line value after the ketamine injection and remained stable throughout the experimental period. Respiratory rate decreased gradually after the administration of each sedative and was depressed until 60 min after the ketamine injection. MBK anaesthesia is effective and widely available for therapeutic procedures depending upon the selection of the ketamine dose.
The Effect of Neomycin on the Kidney Function of the Horse
Authors: Fuentes V. O. , Gonzalez H. , Sanchez V. , Fuentes P. , Rosiles R. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe toxic effect of neomycin on the horse kidney was studied. Twelve horses were used, and were divided at random into three groups of four. The first group was treated twice a day with 10 mg/kg I.M. for 15 days and then euthanised; kidney and liver samples were studied and no histopathological changes were observed. Group 2 was treated with neomycin sulphate as in group 1, and group 3 was used as control. Blood samples were taken at 8.00 h and 20.00 h daily from both neomycin treated and control horses. Serum creatinine, potassium, sodium and urinary creatinine remained without change. On day 6 of treatment plasma urea (Urea)p decreased to 5.6 ± 2.0 mmol/L (P < 0.001) as compared with controls (8.0 ± 2 mmol/L). Urinary excretion of GGT increased on the third day of treatment to 118.6 ± 1 IU/L for treated and 89 ± 8 IU/L for controls (P < 0.001). Thereafter, GGT continued to be elevated significantly for the duration of the experiment, as compared with controls. The (GGT)/(Cr)u ratio increased significantly on the 9th day of treatment, and continued to be elevated for 6 days after treatment. Neomycin kinetics were similar during treatment. It was concluded that neomycin, in the dose used, was not harmful to kidney function in the horse.
A Scanning Electron Microscope Study of the Structural Component of the Bovine Vaginal Fluid at Oestrus
Authors: Rutllant J. , López‐Gatius F. , Camón J. , López‐Plana C. , López‐Béjar M. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe ultrastructure of the vaginal fluid of cows at oestrus was analysed by scanning electron microscopy. Samples of vaginal fluid were collected from 7 normally cycling and healthy cows, 3 to 4 years of age, in oestrus. Evaluation of the patterns of crystallization was used as a previous assessment of the quality of the samples. SEM images revealed a structure made up of non‐oriented filaments constituting a network with a three‐dimensional arrangement. These filaments were of different diameters and ranged between 50 and 400 nm. Mesh size, defined as the minimum distance measurement between strands, ranged between 2 to 8 μm.
Food‐associated Drinking in Pygmy Goats: Importance of Histamine Receptors
Authors: Rossi R. , Rokitzky J. , del Prete E. , Scharrer E. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe combined effect of the histamine receptor antagonists Dexbrompheniramine (DXB: H1‐receptor antagonist) and Cimetidine (C: H2‐receptor antagonist) on food and water intake was investigated in pygmy goats. DXB (1 mg/kg BW0.75) and C (16 mg/kg BW0.75) were injected together intraperitoneally (i.p.)‐Cumulative food and water intake, as well as meal and draft pattern, were recorded. DXB and C significantly reduced cumulative water intake, whereas cumulative food intake did not change. Water to food ratio was also significantly diminished. Draft frequency and the percentage of drafts associated with meals were significantly reduced during the 6 h post injection, while meal frequency and meal size did not change during this period. The results show that blockade of the H1 and H2‐histamine receptors attenuates the association between water and food intake in pygmy goats. Therefore, mechanisms responsible for meal‐associated drinking seem to depend upon activation of histamine receptors.
Fat/Protein Ratio in First DHI Test Milk as Test for Displaced Abomasum in Dairy Cows
Authors: Geishauser T. , Leslie K. , Duffield T. , Edge V. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryFirst DHI test milk that was sampled prior to displaced abomasum (DA) diagnosis was used to evaluate milk fat/protein ratio (FPR) for prediction of subsequent DA in dairy cows. Odds ratio, sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and likelihood ratio were determined. Twenty‐seven DA cases were matched to three controls per case by herd and calving date. Milk was tested 18 to 23 days (95% CI) after calving, which was 9 to 17 days (95% CI) prior to DA diagnosis. Adjusted for parity and days in milk, a fat/protein ratio ≥1.4 was 8.6 times more likely (95% CI, 2.8 to 26) to come from a cow subsequently diagnosed with DA than a fat/protein ratio < 1.4. Using the cut off value of 1.4, the sensitivity of the FPR for DA was 80% and the specificity was 69%. A response operating characteristics curve indicated that the minimum sum of false negative and false positive results was at an FPR cut off value of 1.4. The likelihood ratio indicated that fat/protein ratios ≥ 1.6 are 3.3 times more likely to come from cows that are diagnosed subsequently with DA than from cows without DA. The fat/protein ratio in first DHI test milk might be useful as a test for subsequent DA in dairy cows.
Relationships between Health and Weight Loss during Lactation and between Health and Ability to Return to Oestrus after Weaning in Primiparous Sows
Authors: Sterning M. , Hultén F. , Holst H. , Einarsson S. , Andersson K. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe study comprises observations in 301 Swedish Yorkshire primiparous sows belonging to a research herd. During the 6 weeks of lactation, they were fed according to a conventional feeding regime based on litter size. The sows were weighed at farrowing and at weaning. After weaning the sows were checked dairy for standing reflex and blood samples for determination of plasma progesterone were drawn regularly. Diseases occurring during lactation were recorded in 223 sows. A clinical health examination of these sows was also performed on the day of weaning, including body temperature, condition scoring, appetite, locomotor disorders, remarks on legs and mammary glands. A blood sample was drawn 1 week before weaning in 155 sows for analysis of blood haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, total white blood cell count, serum concentration of urea, creatinine, triglycerides, free fatty acids, total protein and electrophoretic separation of proteins. Sows with large weight loss had a higher total incidence of diseases during lactation, mastitis being the most common disease, than sows with small weight loss. Sows with large weight loss seemed to be more catabolic during late lactation than sows with small weight loss, according to the blood analyses. The blood analyses did not show any signs of subclinical infection being more common among sows with large weight loss than among sows with small weight loss. There were neither any significant differences in the total incidence of diseases during lactation nor in the health at weaning between sows returning to oestrus within 10 days of weaning and sows not returning within this time.
Immunoreactivity of Canine Mammary Neoplasms with Monoclonal Antibody CC49
Authors: Shahar R. , Harmelin A. , Shamir M. H. , Schneebaum S. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryMonoclonal antibody (MAb) CC49 binds to human tumour‐associated glycoprotein termed TAG—72. CC49 is a second‐generation MAb with higher affinity to TAG‐72 than the original MAb B72.3. CC49 was applied to 42 samples from different canine mammary tumours, belonging to seven different histopathological types. Immunoreactivity was detected by the use of an avidin‐biotin complex immuno‐peroxidase method. Most sections from all types of mammary neoplasm reacted with this MAb. Normal tissue did not stain or stained only weakly. The results of this study suggest CC49 has selective immunoreactivity for a variety of canine mammary tumours, which seems superior to that reported with MAb 72.3. These results support the proposal for further study of diagnostic and therapeutic uses of CC49 in the management of canine mammary tumours.
Effect of Rapeseed Feedstuffs with Different Glucosinolate Content and Iodine Administration on Gestating and Lactating Sow1
Authors: Schöne F. , Leiterer M. , Jahreis G. , Rudolph B. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryIn two experiments with a total of 60 sows during late pregnancy and at 28 days of lactation, diets containing rapeseed were compared with rapeseed free diets (control). In Experiment 1 dietary content of solvent extracted rapeseed meal was 250 g/kg (10 mmol glucosinolates/kg diet), in Experiment 2 diets containing 100 g/kg rapeseed were tested (2 mmol glucosinolates/kg diet). During late pregnancy all sows received 150 μg supplementary iodine/kg diet. In lactation, different subgroups received different rates of iodine administration (Exp. 1: 0, 100 or 1000 μg/kg diet; Exp. 2: 0, 150 or 300 μg/kg diet). Rapeseed feeds had no significant effect on feed intake, body weight of sows and rearing parameters in both experiments. There was a tendency (8%) toward lower litter weight at weaning in Exp. 1. Sow diets without supplementary iodine but containing glucosinolates (via rapeseed meal, rapeseed) caused significant reduction in thyroxine serum concentration of piglets, whereas this hormone did not change in sow serum. Thiocyanate was significantly increased in the serum of mothers. The minor increase of thiocyanate concentration of milk and piglets* serum points to negligible transfer of rapeseed glucosinolate degradation products to offspring. However, the milk iodine concentration was significantly decreased due to glucosinolates, and this seems to be the reason for impaired iodine and thyroid hormone status of piglets from sows given rapeseed feeds.
The Quantitative Effect of Metoclopramide on Abomasal and Duodenal Myoelectric Activity of Goats
Authors: Huhn J. C. , Nelson D. R. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryElectromyographic (EMG) recordings of the abomasal corpus, pyloric antrum and proximal duodenum were made from six goats for 2 h periods before and after administration of 0.5 mg/kg meto‐clopramide intravenously or intramuscularly. Analog EMG signal was transformed via a computer program to digital data. The percentage change in electrical activity was determined by comparing the electrical activity following administration of IV or IM metoclopramide with the electrical activity of the control periods for the abomasal corpus, pyloric antrum and proximal duodenum. Metoclopramide caused a significant, time‐dependent increase in duodenal electrical activity following either route of administration. This increase in duodenal electrical activity coincided with peak plasma levels of metoclopramide until its decline below 100 ng/ml in plasma. There was a significant biphasic increase in electrical activity of the abomasal corpus and pyloric antrum following IM administration of metoclopramide. The first phase lasted approximately 5 min and was followed by a longer period (∼20 min) of diminished electrical activity. A second phase of increased electrical activity occurred approximately 40–60 min after initial IM injection of metoclopramide. It is uncertain whether this increase was drug‐mediated or endogenously‐triggered. Similar increases in corpus and antral electrical activity were present following IV metoclopramide administration, though early increases were not statistically significant. Overall, the percentage changes in electrical activity correlated well with predicted peak plasma levels of metoclopramide only in the duodenum. This correlation was limited to approximately 5 min after IV and 15 min after IM metoclopramide administration.
Selenite and Selenium Yeast as Feed Supplements for Dairy Cows
Authors: Ortman K. , Pehrson B. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe availability of inorganic and organic forms of selenium to dairy cows was studied by giving 25 cows supplementary selenium for 9 months either as sodium selenite or as a selenium‐containing yeast product. Group I (eight cows) received 3.0 mg selenium as sodium selenite daily, group II (nine cows) received 3.0 mg selenium as the selenium yeast product, and group III (eight cows) received 0.75 mg selenium as the selenium yeast product. The total selenium contents of the ration were 0.26–0.32 mg/kg feed dry matter for groups I and II, and 0.16–0.18 mg/kg for group III. The supplement of 0.75 mg selenium daily from the yeast product maintained the selenium concentrations of whole blood and milk at the same levels as 3.0 mg selenium as sodium selenite, and 3.0 mg selenium from the yeast product increased the selenium concentration of whole blood by ≈40% and that of milk by ≈100%. The activity of glutathione peroxidase in erythrocytes of the group given selenite was not significantly different from that in either of the groups given the yeast product. The concentrations of selenium in the tissues of two cows from each group were marginal to adequate, and there was a trend for the concentrations to be higher in the tissues of the cows supplemented with the yeast product.
Clinical Findings in Cows after Experimental Infection with Ehrlichia phagocytophila
Authors: Pusterla N. , Braun U. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe goal of this study was to determine the clinical signs and course of disease in five lactating cows and in five dry cows after experimental infection with Ehrlichia phagocytophila.Ten clinically healthy Swiss Braunvieh cows, seronegative for E. phagocytophila, were injected with 50 ml of whole blood containing E. phagocytophila. The cows were examined daily for 21 days, and blood samples were collected for microscopic examination of leukocytes for the infective agent.All cows became ill with symptoms of tick‐borne fever after an incubation period of S to 9 days. The most important clinical signs were pyrexia (40.2–41.7 °C), decreased milk production and mildly to moderately disturbed general condition. In addition, there were respiratory symptoms such as polypnea, nasal discharge, cough and abnormal lung sounds. Clinical signs returned to normal in all cows without treatment after an average of 8 days. E. phagocytophila bodies were seen in leukocytes 5–8 days after infection and were present for 6–14 days. The course of disease was more severe in dry cows than in lactating cows.It can be concluded that experimental infection of cows with E. phagocytophila generally has a mild course. However, the associated decrease in milk production may be of economic importance.
Immunohistochemical Study of a Non‐invasive Canine Thymoma: A Case Report
Authors: González M. , Rodríguez A. , Pizarro M. , Llorens P. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryWe describe a case of canine thymoma in an 11‐year‐old pure‐bred female Spanish Mastiff. On postmortem examination a big mass was found in the thoracic cavity. Histologically the neoplastic parenchyma showed great structural variability; the principal findings included the presence of tumour cells forming cords or sheets, cystic formations, Hassall‐corpuscle like squamous formations, and small or intermediate calibre vessels encircled by areas with eosinophilic material and lymphocytes. In order to determine the histogenesis of the thymic neoplasia we used immunohistochemical techniques specific for different markers: cytokeratins, vimentin, desmin and neuron specific enolase. A strong positive immunoreaction of rumour cells to wide spectrum cytokeratins confirmed the epithelial origin of the neoplasia.
Comparisons of Prolonged Sevoflurane, Isoflurane, and Halothane Anaesthesia Combined with Nitrous Oxide in Spontaneously Breathing Cats
Authors: Hikasa Y. , Yoshikai T. , Takase K. , Ogasawara S. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe clinical, cardiopulmonary, haematologic, and serum biochemical effects of sevoflurane, isoflurane and halothane anaesthesia with 66% nitrous oxide, were compared in healthy, premedicated cats breathing spontaneously during 6 h of anaesthesia. Recovery time from anaesthesia with sevoflurane‐nitrous oxide was more rapid than that with halothane‐nitrous oxide, but it does not differ from that with isoflurane‐nitrous oxide. The degree of respiratory acidosis with sevoflurane‐nitrous oxide anaesthesia was similar to that with isoflurane‐nitrous oxide and was less than that with halothane‐nitrous oxide. There were no significant differences among the groups in the heart rate, arterial pressures, haematological and serum biochemical values. The three anaesthetic regimens induced a similar degree of hyperglycemia during anaesthesia. Serum biochemical examination did not reveal apparent hepatic or renal injuries after each anaesthesia. Time‐related increases in respiration rate and arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure were observed during prolonged halothane‐nitrous oxide anaesthesia. No significant time‐related changes in cardiopulmonary variables were observed during either sevoflurane‐ or isoflurane‐nitrous oxide anaesthesia. Therefore, sevoflurane‐nitrous oxide may be used as an effective and safe anaesthetic combination similar to isoflurane‐nitrous oxide for long‐term anaesthesia in healthy cats.
PGE2 Inhibits Glucose Uptake in Isolated Villous Epithelial Cells of the Ovine Small Intestine
Authors: Hyun H. S. , Arai S. , Onaga T. , Kato S. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThis study was designed to clarify whether PGE2 directly inhibits glucose absorption in villous cells. For this purpose, isolated villous epithelial cells of the ovine small intestine were used, and the uptake of 14C‐labelled glucose in the absorptive epithelial cells was measured in the presence and absence of 0.2 mM phlorizin or 10 μM PGE2. In isolated villous epithelial cells of the small intestine in sheep, net glucose absorption was reduced by 68.2% in the presence of phlorizin. This result indicates that most of the glucose in ruminants is absorbed by the specific transporter SGLT1, which is sensitive to phlorizin. PGE2 decreased glucose absorption by 26.5% in isolated villous epithelial cells in sheep, although this glucose absorption did not change in the presence of phlorizin. This result clearly indicates the PGE2 inhibits the phlorizin‐sensitive glucose absorptive process through direct action on the villous cells of ruminants.