bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Labor Market Regulation and its Characteristics: Comparison Between Czech Republic and Austria
Authors: Železník Martin 
Published: July 2011

Labor Market Regulation and its Characteristics: Comparison Between Czech Republic and Austria
In this paper, we are trying to compare the labor market regulation in the Czech Republic and Austria and its structural parameters that characterize the given labor markets. In order to do that, we estimate the New-Keynesian model with matching frictions and nominal wage rigidities. Labor market regulation is proxied by worker's bargaining power over the wage. This main parameter is moving inside the interval and express a share of the total surplus that arises from filling the vacancy. In fact it expresses the state of who gains more from the added value that the vacancy is filled (worker or employer). Results indicate that workers in Austria and the Czech Republic have almost the same bargaining power that arises from the labor market settings.
Automated Tablet Quality Assurance and Identification for Hospital Pharmacies
Authors: Chaczko Zenon , Kale Anup 
Published: July 2011

Automated Tablet Quality Assurance and Identification for Hospital PharmaciesThe tablet quality checking and identification in hospital pharmacies is done manually and does not use any automated solution. Manual sorting and handling makes this activity laborious and error-prone. This paper describes a low cost solution that is characterised by a small size of the infrastructure involved. Discussed are design and implementation details of Tablet Inspection System based on Machine Vision. The described process uses a dedicated sequence of operation to perform dispensing, scanning and sorting using mini factory setup. Machine Vision System uses a novel Genetic Evolution algorithm. The algorithm provides robust and scalable output. Due to its versatile nature and easy shape recognition ability the approach can be easily adapted to a large variety of medical tablets. The proposed solution attempts to follow the concept of single objective with multiple optima in GA that is designed to scan multiple number of tablets in one cycle of operation.
Effect of Host and Viral Factors on Hepatitis B E Antigen-Positive Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Receiving Pegylated Interferon-α-2A Therapy
Authors: Tseng Tai-Chung , Yu Ming-Lung , Liu Chun-Jen , Lin Chih-Lin , Huang Yi-Wen , Hsu Ching-Sheng , Liu Chen-Hua , Kuo Stephanie Fang-Tzu , Pan Corinna Jen-Hui , Yang Sheng-Shun , Su Chien-Wei , Chen Pei-Jer , Chen Ding-Shinn , Kao Jia-Horng 
Published: July 2011

Background Pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN)-α-2a improves the hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion rate in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients. However, baseline factors predicting favourable responses to PEG-IFN-α-2a remain largely unknown. Methods A total of 115 HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients who had a pre-therapy serum alanine amino-transferase (ALT) level over two times the upper limit of normal and received PEG-IFN-α-2a for 6–12 months were consecutively enrolled according to the local reimbursed guidelines. HBeAg seroconversion and combined response defined as HBeAg seroconversion, HBV-DNA level <20,000 IU/ml as well as ALT normalization at 6 months off therapy were primary and secondary therapeutic end points, respectively. Baseline viral factors, including viral load, genotype and major sequences of precore stop codon/ basal core promoter (BCP), and host factors, including three single nucleotide polymorphisms among the HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1 and IL28B regions, were determined to correlate with therapeutic end points. Results HBeAg seroconversion and combined response rates were 26.1% and 18.3%, respectively. By multivariate analysis, BCP mutation (OR 8.04, 95% CI 2.00-32.28) and rs3077 G/G genotype (OR 3.49, 95% CI 1.12-10.84) were associated with a higher HBeAg seroconversion rate; BCP mutation (OR 9.28, 95% CI 1.92-44.99) and baseline viral load <2x106 IU/ml (OR 4.78, 95% CI 1.37-16.69) were associated with a higher combined response rate. Conclusions BCP mutation is associated with higher HBeAg seroconversion and combined response rates at 6 months off therapy in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients treated with PEG-IFN-α-2a. Genetic variants in the HLA-DPA1 region may also affect treatment-induced HBeAg seroconversion.
Pegylated Interferon-α Monotherapy Leads to Low Response Rates in HIV-Infected Patients with Acute Hepatitis C
Authors: Arends Joop E , van Assen Sander , Stek Cari J , Wensing Annemarie MJ , Fransen Justin H , Schellens Ingrid M , Spijkers Sanne NM , Mudrikova Tania , van Baarle Debbie , Sprenger Herman G , Hoepelman Andy IM 
Published: July 2011

Background Despite a rising incidence of acute HCV in patients infected with HIV, the optimal therapeutic strategy (pegylated interferon-α [PEG-IFN-α] monotherapy or in combination with ribavirin) is still under debate. Methods A total of 23 HIV-infected patients were prospectively diagnosed with acute HCV and treated with PEG-IFN-α2a monotherapy (180 μg/week) for 24 or 48 weeks. Add-on ribavirin was allowed from week 4 of therapy onwards. There were three patients who were not included for different reasons. Blood samples were routinely drawn for viral load measurement and IL28B polymorphism analysis. Results Spontaneous viral clearance occurred in 1 (4%) patient. Nineteen patients (13 genotype 1 and 6 genotype 4) received treatment with PEG-IFN-α monotherapy (3 with add-on ribavirin) resulting in a rapid virological response (HCV RNA<50 IU/ml at week 4) in 7 (37%) patients. A sustained virological response (SVR) was reached in 7 (37%) patients, whereas 9 (47%) patients were null-responders to treatment (that is, <2 log10 drop in HCV RNA at week 12 of therapy). The unfavourable G allele of the IL28B polymorphism rs8099917 was detected in 66% of the non-responders. In case of re-emergence of HCV viraemia after treatment discontinuation, sequence analysis of quasispecies confirmed an HCV relapse in 3 patients while 2 patients were re-infected by their previously non-responding partner. Conclusions PEG-IFN-α monotherapy resulted in a low SVR rate and a high percentage of null-response, whereas non-SVR was associated with a polymorphism in the IL28B gene (rs8099917).
Polyglot nationalism. Alternative perspectives on language in 19th century Hungary
Authors: Gal Susan 
Published: July 2011

Résumé Bien qu’hégémonique en Europe au XXe siècle, le nationalisme monolingue était un développement relativement récent. Au cours du XIXe siècle, certaines idéologies nationalistes n’accordaient pas de centralité à la « langue maternelle » et encourageaient les « échanges d’enfants » afin de rendre ces derniers multilingues. L’emploi de plusieurs langues dans la Hongrie du XIXe siècle était compatible avec la loyauté envers l’Etat national hongrois ; en effet, certaines catégories identitaires étaient même indexées sur le multilinguisme. De plus, le multilinguisme du XIXe n’était pas toujours lié à l’idéologie standardisante basée sur l’opposition entre authenticité et instrumentalité, dans laquelle est ancré aussi bien le monolinguisme du XXe siècle que l’idéologie multilingue propagée actuellement dans l’Union européenne. Cet article expose les différents approches et débats idéologiques d’où a émergé l’hégémonie du monolinguisme. La conclusion suggère que les chercheurs devraient non pas se focaliser sur les phénomènes du monolinguisme ou du multilinguisme en tant que tels, mais sur les axes idéologiques de différentiation, changeants, autour desquels ils sont organisés.
Change in Visual Acuity in Albinism in the Early School Years
Authors: Dijkstal Johanna M. , Cooley San-San , Holleschau Ann M. , King Richard A. , Summers C. Gail 
Published: July 2011

Purpose:
To determine whether binocular best-corrected visual acuity (B-BCVA) improves in the early school years in patients with albinism and whether this is related to type of albinism, ocular pigment, or appearance of the macula.

Methods:
Patients with albinism seen between 5.5 and 9 years (Visit A) and 9.5 and 14 years of age (Visit B), with visits separated by at least 2.5 years, were included. Type of albinism, B-BCVA, glasses wear, iris pigment and macular transparency grade, and presence or absence of an annular reflex and melanin in the macula were recorded.

Results:

Mean B-BCVA was 20/84 at Visit A and 20/61 at Visit B (
P
< .001). B-BCVA improved in 80%. Improvement in B-BCVA and glasses wear, iris grade, macular grade, macular melanin, and annular reflex were weakly correlated. However, a moderate correlation was found between measured B-BCVA and iris grade at Visit A (r = 0.485,
P
< .001) and Visit B (r = 0.467,
P
< .001), and the presence of macular melanin at Visit A (r = 0.436,
P
< .001) and Visit B (r = 0.482,
P
< .001).

Conclusions:
B-BCVA often improves in albinism in the early school years and this observation should be included in counseling. The etiology is unknown but may be related to change in nystagmus, use of precise null point, developmental maturation, and/or some of the ocular characteristics evaluated in this study.
Aspheric Wavefront-guided LASIK to Treat Hyperopic Presbyopia: 12-Month Results With the VISX Platform
Authors: Jackson W. Bruce , Tuan Kuang-mon Ashley , Mintsioulis George 
Published: July 2011

PURPOSE:
To evaluate an aspheric ablation profile to improve near vision in presbyopic patients with hyperopia and to outline the key factors of success.

METHODS:
A prospective, nonrandomized, clinical trial of 66 eyes of 33 hyperopic patients who underwent customized bilateral refractive surgery, which included an aspheric presbyopia treatment shape and wavefront-driven hyperopic treatment, was studied. Surgeries were performed using the VISX STAR S4 or STAR S4 IR excimer laser system (Abbott Medical Optics). Mean preoperative refractive error was +1.77±0.56 diopters (D) sphere (range: 0.75 to 3.50 D) with 0.41±0.34 D cylinder (range: 0.00 to 1.50 D). All patients received full distance refractive correction. No patients received monovision or were intentionally left with residual myopia. Patient satisfaction results were evaluated using a questionnaire with a 5-point scale.

RESULTS:
Sixty eyes completed 6-month and 50 eyes completed 12-month postoperative follow-up. At 6 months, mean corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) was 20/20±1 line (range: 20/25 to 20/10). Mean gain in distance-corrected near visual acuity (DCNVA) was 2.7±1.7 lines with a maximum of 6 lines of near. Spectacle dependence for tasks, such as reading and computer use, was reduced. At 12 months, 100% of patients had achieved binocular simultaneous uncorrected vision of 20/25 or better and J3. Refraction was stable over 12 months. Contrast sensitivity reduction was clinically insignificant (1 step or 0.15 logCS). Negative spherical aberration highly correlated with postoperative improvement of DCNVA. Patients who had a larger amount of preoperative hyperopia or a greater decrease of preoperative DCNVA were more likely to have overall satisfaction.

CONCLUSIONS:
The aspheric ablation designed to expand near functional vision was effective and stable over 12 months. The wavefront-customized hyperopic treatment significantly reduced spectacle dependence.
Photorefractive Keratectomy After Late Traumatic LASIK Flap Loss
Authors: Motwani Manoj , Lizano Guillermo J. , Yam Kenneth , English Carter 
Published: July 2011

PURPOSE:
To present a case of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) after late traumatic LASIK flap loss.

METHODS:

The initial LASIK procedure was performed in 2003 with a Moria M2 microkeratome and NIDEK EC-5000 excimer laser using a 5.0/9.0-mm aspheric ablation pattern, resulting in 20/20
+
uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and plano refraction. Traumatic flap loss of the right eye occurred in 2007. The patient was treated for the trauma, and PRK for −5.00 −1.25 × 090° was performed 2 months later.

RESULTS:

Posttraumatic flap loss UDVA was 20/200 in the right eye, with corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) of 20/25
+2
. After PRK with mitomycin C (MMC), UDVA was 20/15 2 months postoperatively and was maintained through the last postoperative follow-up in 2010 (approximately 3 years after PRK).

CONCLUSIONS:
Treating a patient with traumatic LASIK flap loss can be done by careful, conservative treatment of the abrasion followed by correction of the refractive error using PRK with MMC.
Métaphores du beau et signes visuels dans la pensée de Calvin
Authors: Cottin Jérôme 
Published: July 2011

La lutte contre les idoles a masqué un élément important de la théologie de Calvin : elle est ouverte à l’esthétique, à l’heure où l’image passe du statut d’objet de culte à celui d’œuvre d’art. Sa pensée de Dieu revendique constamment la beauté et l’œuvre d’art, cités en tant que métaphores. Cette esthétique s’exprime dans sa théologie de la création et dans celle des sacrements. Elle est supportée par une pensée différenciée des signes, éléments à la fois linguistiques et plastiques, et elle apparaît de ce fait étonnamment moderne.
Multimodality in infancy: vocal-motor and speech-gesture coordinations in typical and atypical development
Authors: Iverson Jana M. 
Published: July 2011

Résumé Dès le début de la vie, le comportement expressif est multimodal ; il se compose de coordinations comportementales précoces qui vont s’affiner et se renforcer avec le temps de façon à être utilisées pour la communication de sens. Parmi ces coordinations communicatives, celles qui impliquent les gestes et le langage sont certainement celles qui ont reçu la plus grande attention empirique, mais on sait peu de chose sur les origines développementales des liens entre gestes et langage. Une des possibilités réside dans le fait que les origines des coordinations gestes-langage reposent sur les relations entre la main et la bouche observées dans les activités sensorimotrices de tous les jours des très jeunes enfants qui n’utilisent pas encore la main ou la bouche pour communiquer du sens. Dans cet article, je passe en revue des preuves qui suggèrent que l’étude des liens entre gestes et langage et les couplages développementalement précoces entre des systèmes vocaux et moteurs dans la petite enfance peuvent fournir un aperçu précieux sur un certain nombre de développements ultérieurs qui reflètent l’interdépendance cognitive entre gestes et langage. Ceci comprend des aspects liés au développement du langage et à des retards dans cette acquisition, les origines infantiles du système gestes/langage que l’on retrouve chez l’adulte et les signes précoces des troubles autistiques. L’implication de ces résultats quant à l’étude du développement de la communication multimodale est envisagée.
What Affects Clinicians’ Usage of Health Information Exchange?
Authors: Volk L. , Simon S. , Bates D. , Rudin R. 
Published: July 2011

SummaryBackground: The ability to electronically exchange health information among healthcare providers holds enormous promise to improve care coordination and reduce costs. Provider-to-provider data exchange is an explicit goal of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 and may be essential for the long-term success of the Affordable Care Act of 2010. However, little is known about what factors affect clinicians’ usage of health information exchange (HIE) functionality.Objective: To identify factors that affect clinicians’ HIE usage - in terms of frequency of contributing data to and accessing data from aggregate patient records - and suggest policies for fostering its usage.Methods: We performed a qualitative study using grounded theory by interviewing clinician-users and HIE staff of one operational HIE which supported aggregate patient record functionality. Fifteen clinicians were interviewed for one hour each about what factors affect their HIE usage. Five HIE staff were asked about technology and training issues to provide context. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed. Recruitment excluded clinicians with little or no familiarity with the HIE and was restricted to one community and a small number of specialties.Results: Clinicians were motivated to access the HIE by perceived improvements in care quality and time savings, but their motivation was moderated by an extensive list of factors including gaps in data, workflow issues and usability issues. HIE access intensities varied widely by clinician. Data contribution intensities to the HIE also varied widely and were affected by billing concerns and time constraints.Conclusions: Clinicians, EHR and HIE product vendors and trainers should work toward integrating HIE into clinical workflows. Policies should create incentives for HIE organizations to assist clinicians in using HIE, develop measures of HIE contributions and accesses, and create incentives for clinicians to contribute data to HIEs.
The U-Shaped Curve in the Low Countries: A Replication Study
Authors: Haanstra Folkert , Damen Marie-Louise , van Hoorn Marjo 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
The U-curve model of graphic development posits a decline in aesthetic production in middle childhood. This model has been criticized as reflecting a preference for the modernist style in Western art, and a number of studies have tried to confirm or disprove its assumptions. This study is a partial replication of previous research in this field. To this end, artists, art educators, adult nonartists, and children judged drawings by children and adults from five different age groups: 5-, 8-, 11-, and 14-year-old and adult nonartists and artists. Subjects were asked to draw a self-portrait and to make a "sad" drawing. Outcomes show that, in contrast to adult nonartists and children, many art trained judges still hold a modernist view.
Analysis of Gene‐Gene Interactions
Authors: Gilbert‐Diamond Diane , Moore Jason H. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe goal of this unit is to introduce gene‐gene interactions (epistasis) as a significant complicating factor in the search for disease susceptibility genes. This unit begins with an overview of gene‐gene interactions and why they are likely to be common. Then, it reviews several statistical and computational methods for detecting and characterizing genes with effects that are dependent on other genes. The focus of this unit is genetic association studies of discrete and quantitative traits because most of the methods for detecting gene‐gene interactions have been developed specifically for these study designs. Curr. Protoc. Hum. Genet. 70:1.14.1‐1.14.12 © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Reporting of Diagnostic Cytogenetic Results
Authors: Ligon Azra H. , Morton Cynthia C. , Bieber Frederick R. , Fletcher Jonathan A. , Giersch Anne B.S. , Kantarci Sibel , Leach Natalia , Lee Charles , Sandstrom Mary , Weremowicz Stanislawa , Xiao Sheng , Cin Paola Dal 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis appendix, developed by the staff at the Clinical Cytogenetics Laboratory at the Brigham and Women's Hospital, includes a comprehensive list of current “macros” or standardized statements used to facilitate reporting of cytogenetic results. These are provided as a reference for other laboratories. The statements are organized under the general categories of constitutional or acquired abnormalities and subdivided into analysis type (GTG‐banding or FISH). Multi‐specimen usage macros are included that can be applied to two or more specimen types. Curr. Protoc. Hum. Genet. 70:A.1D.1‐A.1D.25 © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Integrating data‐based modeling and nonlinear control tools for batch process control
Authors: Aumi Siam , Mhaskar Prashant 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA data‐based multimodel approach is developed in this work for modeling batch systems in which multiple local linear models are identified using latent variable regression and combined using an appropriate weighting function that arises from fuzzy c‐means clustering. The resulting model is used to generate empirical reverse‐time reachability regions (RTRRs) (defined as the set of states from where the data‐based model can be driven inside a desired end‐point neighborhood of the system), which are subsequently incorporated in a predictive control design. Simulation results of a fed‐batch reactor system under proportional‐integral (PI) control and the proposed RTRR‐based design demonstrate the superior performance of the RTRR‐based design in both a fault‐free and faulty environment. The data‐based modeling methodology is then applied on a nylon‐6,6 batch polymerization process to design a trajectory tracking predictive controller. Closed‐loop simulation results illustrate the superior tracking performance of the proposed predictive controller over PI control. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
Validity and reliability of perinatal biomarkers of adiposity after storage as dried blood spots on paper
Authors: Mihalopoulos Nicole L. , Phillips Terry M. , Slater Hillarie , Thomson J. Anne , Varner Michael W. , Nanjee M. Nazeem , Moyer‐Mileur Laurie J. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractObjective:To validate use of chip‐based immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis on dried blood spot samples (DBSS) to measure obesity‐related hormones.Methods:Chip‐based immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis was used to measure adiponectin, leptin and insulin in capillary serum and DBSS in pregnant women and infant heelstick at birth and six weeks. Concordance of measurements was determined with Pearson's correlation and Bland‐Altman plots.Results:We report high concordance between results obtained from serum and DBSS.Conclusions:Ease of sample collection and storage makes DBSS an optimal method for use in studies involving neonates and young children, as well as studies conducted in areas where freezer storage is not available. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A mixture of buffing dust and chrome shavings as a filler for nitrile rubbers
Authors: Chrońska‐Olszewska K. , Przepiórkowska A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe incorporation of biopolymers, such as chrome shavings and buffing dust, into rubber blends makes it possible to obtain biodecomposable collagen–elastomer materials with good utility properties. It is the presence of a biopolymer in multicomponent polymeric materials that facilitates enzymatic hydrolysis and results in biodecomposition through the loss of cohesiveness and polymer scattering. The undertaking of such original studies was justified by the benefits resulting from a new generation of polymeric materials and the need for a solution to the problem of growing amounts of wastes by waste management in the tanning industry. In this study, the effect of a mixture of chrome shavings and buffing dust on the properties of nitrile rubbers was examined. The dust and shavings, in a 1:1 proportion, were mixed with 5 parts by weight of zinc oxide and, in this form, was added to the rubber blends. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Influence of cell structure parameters on the mechanical properties of microcellular polypropylene materials
Authors: Gong Wei , Gao Jiacheng , Jiang Ming , He Li , Yu Jie , Zhu Jianhua 
Published: July 2011

AbstractMicrocellular polypropylene (PP) was prepared through chemical microcellular injection under different processing parameters. The effects of cell structure parameters on the mechanical properties of PP materials were analyzed by the microsphere model. The results show that the mechanical properties of microcellular PP with a smaller cell size and more uniform size distribution were enhanced. The relationship between the mechanical properties and cell structure parameters correlated well with the theoretical model. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011