bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Euthyroid Sick Syndrome and Nutritional Status are Correlated with Hyposelenemia in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Liu Mao-Lin , Xu Gang , Huang Zi-Yan , Zhong Xiao-Chun , Liu Su-Hang , Jiang Ting-Ying 
Published: August 2011

Background Maintenance hemodialysis (HD) patients have altered levels of thyroid hormone (TH) in euthyroid sick syndrome, along with low T3 levels and several nutritional metabolic disturbances. Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for living organisms, which has been shown to play a major role in thyroid hormone levels and the nutritional metabolism. The aims of the present study were to assess the changes in serum levels of selenium and their correlation with disorders of the endocrine and nutritional metabolism in HD patients. Methods Fifty-three uremic patients with hemodialysis were evaluated; 30 healthy volunteers served as controls. Baseline serum concentrations of total triiodothyronine (TT3), free triiodothyronine (FT3), total thyroxine (TT4), and free thyroxine (FT4) were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) were measured by a sensitive immunoradiometric assay (IRMA). Serum selenium was analyzed using Hitachi Z- 2000 polarized Zeeman atomic absorption spectrometry. Other metabolic variables were measured in all patients and control subjects. Multiple correlation analysis was performed among variables. Results Higher serum triglyceride, LDL-C, ApoB and lower albumin, HDL-C levels were found in subjects with HD. Mean serum selenium concentration was significantly lower in the HD group than in the control group (p<0.01). The levels of serum TT3 and FT3 in HD patients were significantly lower than in healthy control subjects (p<0.01; p<0.05, respectively), but TT4, FT4 and TSH were not different. However, serum iPTH levels were significantly higher in patients than in controls (p<0.01). In the group of HD patients, serum selenium levels were significantly positively correlated with albumin, HDL-C, TT3 and FT3; and negatively correlated with triglyceride (TG), LDL-C, ApoB and iPTH. Both serum TT3 and FT3 levels were significantly positively correlated with HDL-C; and negatively correlated with TG, LDL-C and ApoB. Conclusions These data suggest that hyposelenemia in HD patients correlated with euthyroid sick syndrome with low T3 levels, and nutritional status with hyperlipidemia and hypoalbuminemia which might be involved in dysfunction in the endocrine and nutrition metabolism in dialysis patients.
Video Evaluation of the Kinematics and Dynamics of the Beating Cardiac Syncytium: An Alternative to the Langendorff Method
Authors: Fassina Lorenzo , Di Grazia Antonio , Naro Fabio , Monaco Lucia , Cusella De Angelis Maria Gabriella , Magenes Giovanni 
Published: August 2011

Many important observations and discoveries in heart physiology have been made possible using the isolated heart method of Langendorff. Nevertheless, the Langendorff method has some limitations and disadvantages such as the vulnerability of the excised heart to contusions and injuries, the probability of preconditioning during instrumentation, the possibility of inducing tissue edema, and high oxidative stress, leading to the deterioration of the contractile function. To avoid these drawbacks associated with the use of a whole heart, we alternatively used beating mouse cardiac syncytia cultured in vitro in order to assess possible ergotropic, chronotropic, and inotropic effects of drugs. To achieve this aim, we developed a method based on image processing analysis to evaluate the kinematics and the dynamics of the drug-stimulated beating syncytia starting from the video recording of their contraction movement. In this manner, in comparison with the physiological no-drug condition, we observed progressive positive ergotropic, positive chronotropic, and positive inotropic effects of 10 μM isoproterenol (β-adrenergic agonist) and early positive ergotropic, negative chronotropic, and positive inotropic effects of 10 μM phenylephrine (α-adrenergic agonist), followed by a late phase with negative ergotropic, positive chronotropic, and negative inotropic trends. Our method permitted a systematic study of in vitro beating syncytia, producing results consistent with previous works. Consequently, it could be used in in vitro studies of beating cardiac patches, as an alternative to Langendorff's heart in biochemical and pharmacological studies, and especially when the Langendorff technique is inapplicable (e.g., in studies about human cardiac syncytium in physiological and pathological conditions, patient-tailored therapeutics, and syncytium models derived from induced pluripotent/embryonic stem cells with genetic mutations). Furthermore, the method could be helpful in heart tissue engineering and bioartificial heart research to “engineer the heart piece by piece.” In particular, the proposed method could be useful in the identification of a suitable cell source, in the development and testing of “smart” biomaterials, and in the design and use of novel bioreactors and microperfusion systems.
No evidence that extended tracts of homozygosity are associated with Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Sims Rebecca , Dwyer Sarah , Harold Denise , Gerrish Amy , Hollingworth Paul , Chapman Jade , Jones Nicola , Abraham Richard , Ivanov Dobril , Pahwa Jaspreet Singh , Moskvina Valentina , Dowzell Kimberley , Thomas Charlene , Stretton Alexandra , Lovestone Simon , Powell John , Proitsi Petroula , Lupton Michelle K. , Brayne Carol , Rubinsztein David C. , Gill Michael , Lawlor Brian , Lynch Aoibhinn , Morgan Kevin , Brown Kristelle S. , Passmore Peter A. , Craig David , McGuiness Bernadette , Todd Stephen , Johnston Janet A. , Holmes Clive , Mann David , Smith A. David , Love Seth , Kehoe Patrick G. , Hardy John , Mead Simon , Fox Nick , Rossor Martin , Collinge John , Livingston Gill , Bass Nicholas J. , Gurling Hugh , McQuillin Andrew , Jones Lesley , Holmans Peter A. , O'Donovan Michael , Owen Michael J. , Williams Julie 
Published: August 2011

AbstractWe sought to investigate the contribution of extended runs of homozygosity in a genome‐wide association dataset of 1,955 Alzheimer's disease cases and 955 elderly screened controls genotyped for 529,205 autosomal single nucleotide polymorphisms. Tracts of homozygosity may mark regions inherited from a common ancestor and could reflect disease loci if observed more frequently in cases than controls. We found no excess of homozygous tracts in Alzheimer's disease cases compared to controls and no individual run of homozygosity showed association to Alzheimer's disease. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Linkage analyses of stimulant dependence, craving, and heavy use in American Indians
Authors: Ehlers Cindy L. , Gizer Ian R. , Gilder David A. , Wilhelmsen Kirk C. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractAmphetamine‐type substances are the second most widely used illicit drugs in the United States. There is evidence to suggest that stimulant use (cocaine and methamphetamine) has a heritable component, yet the areas of the genome underlying these use disorders are yet to be identified. This study's aims were to map loci linked to stimulant dependence, heavy use, and craving in an American Indian community at high risk for substance dependence. DSM diagnosis of stimulant dependence, as well as indices of stimulant “craving,” and “heavy use,” were obtained using the Semi‐Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism (SSAGA). Genotypes were determined for a panel of 791 microsatellite polymorphisms in 381 members of multiplex families using SOLAR. Stimulant dependence, stimulant “craving,” and “heavy stimulant use,” were all found to be heritable. Analyses of multipoint variance component LOD scores, failed to yield evidence of linkage for stimulant dependence. For the stimulant “craving” phenotype, linkage analysis revealed a locus that had a LOD score of 3.02 on chromosome 15q25.3‐26.1 near the nicotinic receptor gene cluster. A LOD score of 2.05 was found at this same site for “heavy stimulant use.” Additional loci with LOD scores above 2.00 were found for stimulant “craving” on chromosomes 12p13.33‐13.32 and 18q22.3. These results corroborate the importance of “craving” as an important phenotype that is associated with regions on chromosome 12, 15, and 18, that have been highlighted in prior segregation studies in this and other populations for substance dependence‐related phenotypes. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A loss‐of‐function mutation in the SLC9A6 gene causes X‐linked mental retardation resembling Angelman syndrome
Authors: Takahashi Yumi , Hosoki Kana , Matsushita Masafumi , Funatsuka Makoto , Saito Kayoko , Kanazawa Hiroshi , Goto Yu‐ichi , Saitoh Shinji 
Published: August 2011

AbstractSLC9A6 mutations have been reported in families in whom X‐linked mental retardation (XMR) mimics Angelman syndrome (AS). However, the relative importance of SLC9A6 mutations in patients with an AS‐like phenotype or XMR has not been fully investigated. Here, the involvement of SLC9A6 mutations in 22 males initially suspected to have AS but found on genetic testing not to have AS (AS‐like cohort), and 104 male patients with XMR (XMR cohort), was investigated. A novel SLC9A6 mutation (c.441delG, p.S147fs) was identified in one patient in the AS‐like cohort, but no mutation was identified in XMR cohort, suggesting mutations in SLC9A6 are not a major cause of the AS‐like phenotype or XMR. The patient with the SLC9A6 mutation showed the typical AS phenotype, further demonstrating the similarity between patients with AS and those with SLC9A6 mutations. To clarify the effect of the SLC9A6 mutation, we performed RT‐PCR and Western blot analysis on lymphoblastoid cells from the patient. Expression of the mutated transcript was significantly reduced, but was restored by cycloheximide treatment, indicating the presence of nonsense mediated mRNA decay. Western blot analysis demonstrated absence of the normal NHE6 protein encoded for by SLC9A6. Taken together, these findings indicate a loss‐of‐function mutation in SLC9A6 caused the phenotype in our patient. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genomic architecture of aggression: Rare copy number variants in intermittent explosive disorder
Authors: Vu Tiffany H. , Coccaro Emil F. , Eichler Evan E. , Girirajan Santhosh 
Published: August 2011

AbstractCopy number variants (CNVs) are known to be associated with complex neuropsychiatric disorders (e.g., schizophrenia and autism) but have not been explored in the isolated features of aggressive behaviors such as intermittent explosive disorder (IED). IED is characterized by recurrent episodes of aggression in which individuals act impulsively and grossly out of proportion from the involved stressors. Previous studies have identified genetic variants in the serotonergic pathway that play a role in susceptibility to this behavior, but additional contributors have not been identified. Therefore, to further delineate possible genetic influences, we investigated CNVs in individuals diagnosed with IED and/or personality disorder (PD). We carried out array comparative genomic hybridization on 113 samples of individuals with isolated features of IED (n = 90) or PD (n = 23). We detected a recurrent 1.35‐Mbp deletion on chromosome 1q21.1 in one IED subject and a novel ∼350‐kbp deletion on chromosome 16q22.3q23.1 in another IED subject. While five recent reports have suggested the involvement of an ∼1.6‐Mbp 15q13.3 deletion in individuals with behavioral problems, particularly aggression, we report an absence of such events in our study of individuals specifically selected for aggression. We did, however, detect a smaller ∼430‐kbp 15q13.3 duplication containing CHRNA7 in one individual with PD. While these results suggest a possible role for rare CNVs in identifying genes underlying IED or PD, further studies on a large number of well‐characterized individuals are necessary. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Phenotypical spectrum of cerebellar ataxia associated with a novel mutation in the CA8 gene, encoding carbonic anhydrase (CA) VIII
Authors: Kaya Namik , Aldhalaan Hesham , Al‐Younes Banan , Colak Dilek , Shuaib Taghreed , Al‐Mohaileb Fahad , Al‐Sugair Abdulaziz , Nester Michael , Al‐Yamani Suad , Al‐Bakheet Albandary , Al‐Hashmi Nadia , Al‐Sayed Moeen , Meyer Brian , Jungbluth Heinz , Al‐Owain Mohammed 
Published: August 2011

AbstractWe define the neurological characteristics of familial cases from multiple branches of a large consanguineous family with cerebellar ataxia, mental retardation (MR), and dysequilibrium syndrome type 3 caused by a mutation in the recently cloned CA8 gene. The linkage analysis revealed a high logarithm of the odds (LOD) score region on 8q that harbors the CA8 in which a novel homozygous c.484G>A (p.G162R) mutation was identified in all seven affected members. The patients had variable cerebellar ataxia and mild cognitive impairment without quadrupedal gait. The brain MRI showed variable cerebellar volume loss and ill‐defined peritrigonal white matter abnormalities. The Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (FDG PET) revealed hypometabolic cerebellar hemispheres, temporal lobes, and mesial cortex. This report expands the neurological and radiological phenotype associated with CA8 mutations. CA8 involvement should be considered in the differential diagnosis of other genetically unresolved autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxias. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and photopolymerization kinetics of oxime ester photoinitiators
Authors: Xu Juan , Ma Guiping , Wang Kemin , Gu Juming , Jiang Shan , Nie Jun 
Published: August 2011

AbstractOxime Ester (OXE) Photoinitiators were synthesized and characterized by HPLC, FTIR, UV–Vis spectra, and 1H‐NMR. The UV–Vis spectra of these photoinitiators were similar to Benzophenone (BP) but showed large red‐shifted maximum absorption. OXE were not only soluble in many solvents and (meth) acrylate monomers but also could be dispersed easily in propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA). The kinetics of polymerization of monomer using OXE as photoinitiator was studied by Real‐time infrared (RTIR) spectra. It showed that OXE were an efficient photoinitiator. The concentration of OXE, functionality of monomer, and light intensity had effect on the photopolymerization kinetics. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
CXCL10 and its receptor CXCR3 regulate synovial fibroblast invasion in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Laragione Teresina , Brenner Max , Sherry Barbara , Gulko Pércio S. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractObjectiveCXCL10 is expressed in increased levels in highly invasive fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (FLS) from arthritic DA rats and from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study was undertaken to analyze the role of CXCL10 and its receptor CXCR3 in regulation of the invasive properties of FLS.MethodsFLS were isolated from synovial tissue of RA patients and from DA rats and arthritis‐resistant DA.F344(Cia5d) rats with pristane‐induced arthritis. We used an in vitro model of invasion through Matrigel, which has been shown to correlate with articular damage in RA and in rat arthritis. FLS were cultured in the presence or absence of CXCL10, anti‐CXCR3 antibody, or the CXCR3 inhibitor AMG487 and then studied for invasion, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) production (MMPs 1–3), intracellular calcium influx, and cell morphology.ResultsDA rat FLS produced higher levels of CXCL10 compared with minimally invasive FLS from DA.F344(Cia5d) rats. CXCL10 treatment increased the invasiveness of FLS from DA.F344(Cia5d) rats by 2‐fold, and this increase was blocked by anti‐CXCR3. Both anti‐CXCR3 and AMG487 reduced invasiveness of FLS from DA rats, by as much as 77%. AMG487 significantly reduced invasiveness of RA FLS (by 58%). CXCR3 blockade reduced levels of MMP‐1 by 65%, inhibited receptor signaling (64–100% reduction in intracellular calcium influx), and interfered with actin cytoskeleton reorganization and lamellipodia formation in FLS from rats and RA patients.ConclusionWe describe and characterize a new autocrine/paracrine role of CXCL10/CXCR3 in the regulation of FLS invasion in rats with arthritis and in RA patients. These observations suggest that the CXCL10/CXCR3 axis is a potential new target for therapies aimed at reducing FLS invasion and its associated joint damage and pannus invasion and destruction in RA.
Variation in joint shape of osteoarthritic knees
Authors: Haverkamp D. J. , Schiphof D. , Bierma‐Zeinstra S. M. , Weinans H. , Waarsing J. H. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the role of joint shape in knee osteoarthritis (OA) by determining which aspects of bone shape are different in OA knees compared with control knees.MethodsUsing a statistical shape model, we compared radiographs showing the shape of OA knees with radiographs showing the shape of control knees in a population of 609 women (1,218 knees) extracted from the Rotterdam Study. Furthermore, we used magnetic resonance imaging to compare the shape of knees with cartilage defects with the shape of knees without cartilage defects.ResultsThree statistical shape modes, referring to 3 distinct aspects of the shape of the knee, were significantly associated with the presence of radiographic OA (modes 2, 4, and 15). Mode 2 reflected the width of the femoral and tibial bones, which was increased in patients with OA. Knees with cartilage defects also had wider femoral and tibial bones compared with knees without cartilage defects. Mode 4 reflected the variation in flexion of the knee during radiography. OA knees were more extended compared with control knees. Mode 15 showed that patients with OA had an elevated lateral tibial plateau, which was associated with pain.ConclusionIn women, knees with OA were wider, more extended during radiography, and had an elevated lateral tibial plateau. These results show that the shape of the knee is involved in OA, which might lead to novel imaging biomarkers to monitor or predict knee OA.
Factors influencing the efficacy of two injections of a pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1) nonadjuvanted vaccine in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Mathian A. , Devilliers H. , Krivine A. , Costedoat‐Chalumeau N. , Haroche J. , Huong D. Boutin‐Le Thi , Wechsler B. , Hervier B. , Miyara M. , Morel N. , Le Corre N. , Arnaud L. , Piette J. C. , Musset L. , Autran B. , Rozenberg F. , Amoura Z. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the factors influencing the efficacy of 2 injections of a pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1) vaccine in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsWe conducted a single‐center, observational prospective study of 111 patients who were vaccinated with a monovalent, inactivated, nonadjuvanted, split‐virus vaccine during December 2009 and January 2010 and received a second dose of vaccine 3 weeks later. The antibody response was evaluated using the hemagglutination inhibition assay according to the guidelines recommended for the pandemic vaccine, consisting of 3 immunogenicity criteria (i.e., a seroprotection rate of 70%, a seroconversion rate of 40%, and a geometric mean ratio [GMR] of 2.5).ResultsThe 3 immunogenicity criteria were met on day 42 (seroprotection rate 80.0% [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 72.5–87.5%], seroconversion rate 71.8% [95% CI 63.4–80.2%], and GMR 10.3 [95% CI 2.9–14.2]), while only 2 criteria were met on day 21 (seroprotection rate 66.7% [95% CI 57.9–75.4%], seroconversion rate 60.4% [95% CI 51.3–69.5%], and GMR 8.5 [95% CI 3.2–12.0]). The vaccine was well tolerated. Disease activity, assessed by the Safety of Estrogens in Lupus Erythematosus National Assessment version of the SLE Disease Activity Index, the British Isles Lupus Assessment Group score, and the Systemic Lupus Activity Questionnaire, did not increase. In the multivariate analysis, vaccination failure was significantly associated with immunosuppressive treatment or a lymphocyte count of ≤1.0 × 109/liter. The second injection significantly increased the immunogenicity in these subgroups, but not high enough to fulfill the seroprotection criterion in patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment.ConclusionOur findings indicate that the efficacy of the vaccine was impaired in patients who were receiving immunosuppressive drugs or who had lymphopenia. A second injection increased vaccine immunogenicity without reaching all efficacy criteria for a pandemic vaccine in patients receiving an immunosuppressive agent. These results open possibilities for improving anti‐influenza vaccination in SLE.
HUSEC‐Stamm 41 = EHEC‐Stamm O104:H4
Authors: Schumann Wolfgang 
Published: August 2011

AbstractInzwischen wurde der Stamm EHEC O104:H4 zweimal sequenziert – von einer Firma in Darmstadt und in China. Welche Erkenntnisse für das hoch‐pathogene Verhalten des Erregers lassen sich aus der Analyse der 5,2‐Millionen Basenpaare ableiten?
A case of successful angioplasty by the “double retrograde” approach for chronic total occlusion in the left circumflex artery
Authors: Hoshiyama Koki , Nakamura Sunao 
Published: August 2011

AbstractCurrently introduced retrograde approach may increase the success rate of percutaneous coronary interventions on chronic total occlusion (CTO) lesion. This article describes a case of CTO in the left circumflex artery (LCX), which did not allow the regular retrograde approach to deliver a guide wire. At first, a guide wire was attempted to advance from the apical collateral channel, which supplied the distal LCX. However, wiring was extremely difficult because the collateral channel was headed reversely against the direction that the wire was going. Different angle angiogram revealed the existence of another collateral artery, which supplied the distal RCA (posterior descending branch). A guide wire was successfully advanced from the distal RCA, through apical collateral channel, and reached the distal LCX. After the wire was retrieved from the guiding catheter engaged in the left main trunk, antegrade access for balloon and stent delivery was obtained. This method, a sort of “double retrograde” approach, would be worthy to consider when recanalization is failed by other approaches. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pd‐Catalyzed Orthogonal Knoevenagel/Perkin Condensation–Decarboxylation–Heck/Suzuki Sequences: Tandem Transformations of Benzaldehydes into Hydroxy‐Functionalized Antidiabetic Stilbene–Cinnamoyl Hybrids and Asymmetric Distyrylbenzenes
Authors: Sharma Naina , Sharma Abhishek , Shard Amit , Kumar Rakesh , Saima  , Sinha Arun K. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractTandem reactions that involve chemoselective Knoevenagel/Perkin condensation–decarboxylation–Heck/Suzuki coupling or Heck–aldol sequences have been achieved. This enabled the first concise and efficient synthesis of several important hydroxy‐functionalized compound classes, such as stilbene–cinnamoyl hybrids (potent protein tyrosine phosphatase1B inhibitors), cinnamoyl–cinnamic acid hybrids, asymmetric distyrylbenzenes, and biarylstyrenes. Previously reported synthesis require multiple steps and protection/deprotection manipulations.
Eine Frage der richtigen Stärke
Authors: Bächtle Christoph , Winkler Petra , Stellbrink Britta 
Published: August 2011

AbstractStärke spielt bei einer Vielzahl von industriellen Anwendungen eine große Rolle. Der Großteil wird aus der Kartoffel gewonnen, die normalerweise zwei unterschiedliche Stärke‐Komponenten enthält: Amylose und Amylopektin. Bei einigen Anwendungen ist Amylopektin aufgrund seines molekularen Aufbaus klar überlegen. Für die Industrie ist daher eine Kartoffel wichtig, die nur Amylopektin bildet. “Amflora” ist eine gentechnisch veränderte Kartoffel, die speziell für diesen Einsatz entwickelt worden ist.
Wie die Haare der Bakterien wachsen
Authors: Groß Michael 
Published: August 2011

AbstractPathogene Bakterien wie die gefürchteten Ehec‐Keime halten sich mit Proteinfasern, den Pili, an Gewebeoberflächen des Wirts fest. Einblicke in die Strukturbildung dieser Fasern öffnen den Weg zu möglichen neuen antibakteriellen Wirkstoffen.