bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conservative Versus Arthroscopic Management for Medial Coronoid Process Disease in Dogs: A Prospective Gait Evaluation
Authors: Burton Neil J. , Owen Martin R. , Kirk Lisa S. , Toscano Michael J. , Colborne G. Robert 
Published: September 2011

ObjectiveTo investigate, using objective gait analysis, the long‐term outcome of dogs with medial coronoid process disease (MCPD) treated with conservative management (CM) versus arthroscopic treatment (AT).Study DesignProspective clinical trial.AnimalsDogs (n= 20) with unilaterally confirmedMCPD.MethodsEleven dogs were treated arthroscopically with removal of coronoid fragments and burring of any associated chondromalacic cartridge and 9 dogs were managed conservatively. All dogs were administered a 6‐week course of oral tepoxalin on enrolment. Inverse dynamics gait analysis was performed at initial presentation and at 4, 8, 26, and 52 weeks. The gait variables analyzed were elbow moment (EM), elbow power (EP), total support moment (TSM), and total support moment ratio (TSMR) as a measure of forelimb asymmetry.ResultsAffected peakEMincreased from 0.58 to 0.76 Nm/kg in theATdogs, and from 0.66 to 0.81 Nm/kg in theCMdogs and there was no significant difference between groups. Affected peakEPincreased marginally in theATdogs, but was unchanged in theCMdogs and there was no significant difference between groups.TSMincreased from 1.49 to 1.92 Nm/kg in theATdogs and from 1.52 to 2.06 Nm/kg in theCMdogs and there was no significant difference between groups.TSMRwas statistically different between treatment groups at 1 (P= .003) and 2 months (P= .048) with theATgroup more asymmetric and hence more lame.TSMRat 12 months was 0.83 (AT) and 0.86 (CM) implying a failure of return to soundness by either group.ConclusionsATdogs had increased mechanical asymmetry at 4 and 8 weeks compared to theCMgroup revealing surgery worsened limb function. There was no significant difference in mechanical symmetry between groups at 26 and 52 weeks.
A Comparative Study of Student Math Skills: Perceptions, Validation, and Recommendations
Authors: Jones Thomas W. , Price Barbara A. , Randall Cindy H. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTA study was conducted at a southern university in sophomore level production classes to assess skills such as the order of arithmetic operations, decimal and percent conversion, solving of algebraic expressions, and evaluation of formulas. The study was replicated using business statistics and quantitative analysis classes at a southeastern university. The intent of the study was to determine math deficiencies among college students and to ascertain whether or not these deficiencies impact grades. Data analyses compared students’ test results and grades from the different classes at the two universities and identified surprising patterns across classes, universities, and professors.These results support the need for curriculum modifications to address the identified deficiencies.
An Experiential Approach to Benchmarking Curriculum
Authors: Grandzol John R. , Grandzol Christian J. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTContinuous curriculum improvement derives from a variety of perspectives, opportunities, and approaches. In this brief, we describe a process that facilitated student participation in curriculum development. We took our Supply Chain Management students to a regional conference affiliated with APICS and had them assess their knowledge readiness compared to professional standards. We used these data to identify our curriculum's strengths and weaknesses and to encourage faculty collaboration to adjust it accordingly. Our approach can be generalized to any academic discipline.
Are Territorial Rating Models Outdated in Residential Property Insurance Markets? Evidence From the Florida Property Insurance Market
Authors: Nyce Charles M. , Maroney Patrick 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe fundamental shift in rating methodology from historical loss costs to catastrophe modeling for windstorm coverage calls into question the accuracy of rates developed using rating territories. Using premiums and modeled average annual loss (AAL) estimates from Citizens Property Insurance Corporation (Citizens) in Florida, this article analyzes the use of distance to coast (DtC) as a rating variable in providing coverage for the windstorm peril in homeowners insurance. Catastrophe models used to generate AAL costs do not rely on the same application of the law of large numbers as using historical loss costs and thus allows for more granular pricing of the windstorm peril. The results show that DtC, a rating variable that is property specific, more closely aligns premiums and AALs than territorial rating, and allows more granular pricing of the windstorm peril. More granular risk based pricing provides better incentives for homeowners regarding location and mitigation choices and may help reduce aggregate exposure to windstorm damages in the long run.
COLLECTING FOR A COLLEGE MUSEUM: Exchange Practices and the Life History of a 19th‐Century Arctic Collection
Authors: Margaris Amy V. , Grimm Linda T. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe central role of exchange in museum collecting merits greater scholarly attention. We present an anthropological framework for analyzing exchange practices that illuminates the complex and shifting meanings collections accrue through their life histories. We illustrate this by examining the series of late 19th‐century exchanges that produced a small, but historically important, ethnological collection at the Oberlin College Museum from the North American Arctic. The analysis sheds new light on the uneasy development of ethnology from its natural history roots, and on the role of small colleges in furthering the modern sciences curriculum. Examining collection life histories by way of exchange practices also highlights new interpretive challenges that accompany old collections.
Altered expression of miR‐21, miR‐125b, and miR‐203 indicates a role for these microRNAs in oral lichen planus
Authors: Danielsson K. , Wahlin Y. B. , Gu X. , Boldrup L. , Nylander K. 
Published: September 2011

J Oral Pathol Med (2012) 41: 90–95Background:  Oral lichen planus (OLP), which is a chronic inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa with unknown etiology, affects about 2% of the population. MicroRNAs are small non‐coding RNAs involved in normal processes such as development and differentiation as well as progression of human diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of miR‐21, miR‐125b, and miR‐203 and to compare RNA levels of their potential targets, the tumor suppressor p53 and its relative p63, both known to be deregulated in OLP.Methods:  In biopsies from 20 patients with OLP and 20 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls, epithelium was laser dissected and analyzed for the expression of miR‐21, miR‐125b, miR‐203, p53, and p63 using qRT/PCR.Results:  Increased expression of miR‐21 and miR‐203, decreased expression of miR‐125, and down‐regulation of p53 and ΔNp63 RNA were seen in OLP compared to normal oral mucosa. When comparing microRNA expression to levels of p53 and p63 RNA, a significant negative correlation was seen between ΔNp63 and miR‐203 and between miR‐21 and p53, respectively.Conclusion:  Results indicate a role for the studied microRNAs in changes seen in OLP.
Standard Medical Management in Secondary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke in China (SMART)
Authors: Peng Bin , Zhu Yicheng , Cui Liying , Ni Jun , Xu Weihai , Zhou Lixin , Yao Ming , Chen Lin , Wang Jianming , Wang Yongjun , Pu Chuanqiang ,   for the SMART Study Group
Published: September 2011

Background Although guidelines for secondary ischemic stroke have been developed, there is a gap between guidelines and clinic practice. Aims This study will investigate the current status of secondary ischemic stroke prevention in China, and implement a standard medical program in ischemic stroke and/or transient ischemic attack patients, and to examine the feasibility and efficacy of the program. Design This is a multicentre, parallel, randomized, open label, controlled trial to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of a recommended guideline based program (SMART) in secondary stroke prevention. Forty-eight sites across Mainland China will participate in the trial. The number of enrolled patients in the study will be 4074. Primary outcome includes the proportion of patients adherent to eligible measures recommend by the SMART program, which is derived from current prevention guidelines for ischemic stroke, and the proportion of the patients achieving the treatment target. Secondary outcomes include new onset ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, acute coronary syndrome and all causes of death. The study has been registered on Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00664846); to date, 3380 patients have been enrolled.
Detection of metabolites in the white matter of frontal lobes and hippocampus with proton in first‐episode treatment‐naïve schizophrenia patients
Authors: He Zong‐Ling , Deng Wei , Li Ming‐Li , Chen Zhuang‐Fei , Collier David A. , Ma Xiaohong , Li Tao 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAim: This study aimed to investigate the changes of the metabolites in the white matter of frontal lobes and hippocampus in schizophrenia by using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐MRS).Methods: Sixty‐three first‐episode treatment‐naïve schizophrenia (FES) patients and 63 age‐, gender‐ and education level‐matched healthy controls were recruited. The relative levels of metabolites including N‐acetylaspartate (NAA), choline‐containing compounds (Cho), (Cr) and myo‐inositol (MI) were detected with 1H‐MRS, and the laterality index (Li) was calculated. The severity of symptoms was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.Results: Compared with controls, FES patients did not show significant differences in all metabolites. The severity of positive symptoms was negatively correlated with the NAA/Cho in the white matter of the left frontal lobe and positively correlated with the Cho/Cr in the right white matter of frontal lobes. A negative correlation was observed between the severity of negative symptoms and the NAA/Cr in the white matter of bilateral frontal lobes. No difference was shown in the Li of metabolites between FES patients and controls.Conclusions: The metabolites such as NAA, Cho and MI in white matter of frontal lobes and hippocampus were not significantly altered in FES patients. The lower axonal integrity/number (NAA concentration) may be associated with more severe negative symptoms, and dysmetabolism in process of myelination in the white matter of frontal lobes associated with more severe positive symptoms.
Distraction osteogenesis in the maxilla for a patient with a repaired cleft lip and palate: A case report
Authors: Sudhir Ramisetti , Ramnathan Manikandan 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTDistraction osteogenesis (DO) has gained wide acceptance as a viable modality for lengthening hypoplastic skeletal structures in the maxillofacial region. For patients with cleft lip and palate with skeletal maxillary deficiency, this technique has recently been applied extensively as an alternative to orthognathic surgical procedures. Decreased intraoperative morbidity and rates of postoperative midface regression along with esthically acceptable soft tissue profile are the main advantages of this procedure against traditional osteotomies. This case report documents the use of rigid external distraction (RED) in the treatment of a 20‐year‐old female patient with midface deficiency secondary to cleft lip and palate repair.
Accidental aspiration in a patient with Parkinson's disease during implant‐supported prosthesis construction: A case report
Authors: Deliberador Tatiana Miranda , Marengo Gláucia , Scaratti Rodrigo , Giovanini Allan Fernando , Zielak João César , Filho Flares Baratto 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTThis article reports on a case history of an elderly patient with Parkinson's disease (PD) who sought treatment at a private dental office. His chief complaint was “difficulty in eating due to an illfitting prosthesis.” Laboratory tests and oral radiographs were made. The surgical placement of an implant was done and, subsequently, an implant‐supported prosthesis was fitted for the patient. During the impression for the construction of the implant‐supported prosthesis, the patient accidentally aspirated the implant screwdriver. The object was found in the lower right lobe of the bronchus, and its removal was necessary in a hospital using bronchoscopy under general anesthesia.Patients with PD are considered at risk of aspirating and/or ingesting dental instruments. Short treatment periods are recommended, preferably during the morning, when the medication prescribed for PD is most effective. When treating patients who have a risk for aspirating and ingesting small objects, it is important to treat them in a more vertical position, and small‐sized objects should be secured with dental floss to aid retrieval.
National estimates of the characteristics of individuals infected with HIV who are likely to report and receive treatment for painful bleeding gums
Authors: Sy Aldrich A. , Freed Benjamin A. , Chau Fouy K. , Marcus Marvin 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTPainful bleeding gums may be associated with HIV infection. This study examined the characteristics of persons reporting the symptom “painful bleeding gums” and their likelihood of accessing care. The study population consisted of persons receiving care for HIV as part of the HIV Cost and Services Utilization Study (HCSUS). In this national population, 5.3% reported painful bleeding gums. Significant differences in reporting painful bleeding gums were found between Hispanics/Whites, oral health status, and presence of other symptoms. Compared to younger persons, those in the middle age group were more likely to seek treatment, while persons with the highest CD4 counts were more likely to seek treatment than those with the lowest CD4 counts. This study showed that reporting painful bleeding gums was a function of ethnicity, other symptoms, and perceived oral health, while seeking treatment for painful bleeding gums was related to age and CD4 counts. Dentists and other health care providers can have an active role in improving the quality of life of persons living with HIV by being aware of the relationships that exist between patients with HIV and painful bleeding gums.
Serum levels of anti‐streptolysin O antibodies: their role in evaluating rheumatic diseases
Authors: BEN‐CHETRIT Eli , MOSES Allon E. , AGMON‐LEVIN Nancy , BLOCK Colin , BEN‐CHETRIT Eldad 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Background:  Family physicians measure serum levels of anti‐streptolysin O antibodies (ASO) in the routine evaluation of patients with rheumatic conditions.
Aim:  To evaluate the significance of elevated serum ASO titer in hospitalized patients with various clinical conditions.
Patients and methods:  We retrieved the names of all patients in whom ASO serum titer was tested in our hospital during two successive years. We chose only those with titers of 1 : 160 or greater (cut‐off level < 1 : 80) or with no titer. Their charts were reviewed and the causes for their hospitalization and the reasons for requesting the tests were identified. We also measured the ASO serum titer in 60 healthy individuals.
Results:  Six hundred and twenty‐five patients were tested for ASO serum levels; 129 patients were negative. In 291 (44%) patients tests were positive at low titers (< 1 : 160). In 205 (33%) the serum titers of ASO were ≥ 1 : 160. We analyzed two groups: those with high ASO titers (≥ 1 : 160) (group 1) and those who were negative for this test (group 2). In group 1, streptococcal cultures were positive only in 14% of the patients with elevated ASO. There was no correlation between ASO serum levels and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C‐reactive protein or rheumatoid factor. In only five individuals (8%) of the healthy cohort, was ASO significantly elevated.
Conclusions:  Elevated ASO titers can be found in various clinical conditions other than the typical post‐streptococcal associated diseases. In these cases it is not necessarily accompanied by positive culture and does not correlate with inflammatory parameters.
Effect of Replacement of As by Ge and Sb on the Photo‐Response under Near Infrared Femtosecond Laser Irradiation in As‐based Sulfide Glasses
Authors: David Musgraves J. , Carlie Nathan , Petit, Laeticia , Boudebs Georges , Choi Jiyeon , Richardson Martin , Richardson Kathleen 
Published: September 2011

Bulk glasses having the compositions As42S58, As36Sb6S58, and As36Ge6S58 have been irradiated at 800 nm using a femtosecond‐pulsed laser to determine the relationship between composition and photo‐response. Localized variation in the glass volume (photo‐expansion) has been determined through interferometric measurements of surface exposures, whereas induced refractive index change (photo‐darkening) was determined from the diffraction efficiency of subsurface direct‐written phase gratings. To understand the compositional dependence of the photo‐response, the linear and nonlinear optical properties and structure of the unexposed glasses have been compared. The ablation threshold is shown to be controlled by variation of the nonlinear absorption, related to shifts of the absorption band gap with exchange of As by Ge or Sb. Changes in the unexposed network structure show that partial replacement of As by Ge or Sb induces an increased number of As–As bonding defects in the glass, particularly in the form of As4S4 molecular units which become polymerized into the network, impacting the photo‐modification process. The Ge was found to induce an increase in the ablation threshold, and enhance both photo‐darkening and photo‐expansion effects, whereas Sb was shown to decrease ablation threshold and inhibit photo‐darkening while enhancing photo‐expansion.
Suppression of the Inflammatory Immune Response Prevents the Development of Chronic Biofilm Infection Due to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Prabhakara Ranjani , Harro Janette M. , Leid Jeff G. , Keegan Achsah D. , Prior Megan L. , Shirtliff Mark E. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACT

Staphylococcus aureus
is a common cause of prosthetic implant infections, which can become chronic due to the ability of
S. aureus
to grow as a biofilm. Little is known about adaptive immune responses to these infections
in vivo
. We hypothesized that
S. aureus
elicits inflammatory Th1/Th17 responses, associated with biofilm formation, instead of protective Th2/Treg responses. We used an adapted mouse model of biofilm-mediated prosthetic implant infection to determine chronic infection rates, Treg cell frequencies, and local cytokine levels in Th1-biased C57BL/6 and Th2-biased BALB/c mice. All C57BL/6 mice developed chronic
S. aureus
implant infection at all time points tested. However, over 75% of BALB/c mice spontaneously cleared the infection without adjunctive therapy and demonstrated higher levels of Th2 cytokines and anti-inflammatory Treg cells. When chronic infection rates in mice deficient in the Th2 cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4) via STAT6 mutation in a BALB/c background were assessed, the mice were unable to clear the
S. aureus
implant infection. Additionally, BALB/c mice depleted of Treg cells via an anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody (MAb) were also unable to clear the infection. In contrast, the C57BL/6 mice that were susceptible to infection were able to eliminate
S. aureus
biofilm populations on infected intramedullary pins once the Th1 and Th17 responses were diminished by MAb treatment with anti-IL-12 p40. Together, these results indicate that Th2/Treg responses are mechanisms of protection against chronic
S. aureus
implant infection, as opposed to Th1/Th17 responses, which may play a role in the development of chronic infection.
Republished original article: Resident-initiated interventions to improve inpatient heart-failure management
Authors: Oujiri James , Hakeem Abdul , Pack Quinn , Holland Robert , Meyers David , Hildebrand Christopher , Bridges Alan , Roach Mary A , Vogelman Bennett 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACT

Background
Third-year internal medicine residents participating in a quality improvement rotation identified gaps between the Joint Commission’s ORYX quality guidelines and clinical practices for the inpatient management of heart failure (HF) at the William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital. Residents focused on the performance metrics associated with tobacco-cessation counselling documentation, ejection fraction assessment and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker prescriptions.

Methods
After analysing data collected by the External Peer Review Program, residents reviewed the institution’s admissions and discharge processes with the aim of improving quality and compliance. In redesigning these processes, residents created an admissions template and a discharge face sheet, and compared specific ORYX measure compliance rates before and after institution-wide implementation.

Results
Following implementation of the tobacco-cessation admissions template, 100% of HF patients who used tobacco received documented cessation counselling, compared with 59% prior to intervention (p&lt;0.01, n=32). Following implementation of the mandatory discharge face sheet, 97% of HF patients (compared with 92% preintervention, p&gt;0.05) received comprehensive discharge instruction; LV function assessment went from 98% to 100% (p&gt;0.05); and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker prescription for left ventricular systolic dysfunction at discharge (or documentation of a contra-indication) went from 82% to 100% (p&lt;0.01, n=48).

Discussion
By implementing a standardised admissions template and a mandatory discharge face sheet, the hospital improved its processes of documentation and increased adherence to quality-performance measures. By strengthening residents' learning and commitment to quality improvement, the hospital created a foundation for future changes in the systems that affect patient care.
Is Accelerated Partner Therapy (APT) a cost-effective alternative to routine patient referral partner notification in the UK? Preliminary cost–consequence analysis of an exploratory trial
Authors: Roberts Tracy E , Tsourapas Angelos , Sutcliffe Lorna , Cassell Jackie , Estcourt Claudia 
Published: September 2011

ObjectivesTo undertake a cost–consequence analysis to assess two new models of partner notification (PN), known as Accelerated Partner Therapy (APT Hotline and APT Pharmacy), as compared with routine patient referral PN, for sex partners of people with chlamydia, gonorrhoea and non-gonococcal urethritis.MethodsComparison of costs and outcomes alongside an exploratory trial involving two genitourinary medicine clinics and six community pharmacies. Index patients selected the PN method (APT Hotline, APT Pharmacy or routine PN) for their partners. Clinics and pharmacies recorded cost and resource use data including duration of consultation and uptake of treatment pack. Cost data were collected prospectively for two out of three interventions, and data were synthesised and compared in terms of effectiveness and costs.ResultsRoutine PN had the lowest average cost per partner treated (approximately £46) compared with either APT Hotline (approximately £54) or APT Pharmacy (approximately £53) strategies. The cost–consequence analysis revealed that APT strategies were more costly but also more effective at treating partners compared to routine PN.ConclusionThe hotline strategy costs more than both the alternative PN strategies. If we accept that strategies which identify and treat partners the fastest are likely to be the most effective in reducing reinfection and onward transmission, then APT Hotline appears an effective PN strategy by treating the highest number of partners in the shortest duration. Whether the additional benefit is worth the additional cost cannot be determined in this preliminary analysis. These data will be useful for informing development of future randomised controlled trials of APT.