bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multimodal imaging to study the morphochemistry of basal cell carcinoma
Authors: Vogler Nadine , Meyer Tobias , Akimov Denis , Latka Ines , Krafft Christoph , Bendsoe Niels , Svanberg Katarina , Dietzek Benjamin , Popp Jürgen 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBasal cell carcinoma is the most abundant malignant neoplasm in humans, the pathology of which is characterized by an abnormal proliferation of basal cells. Basal cell carcinoma can show a variety of different morphologies, which are based on different cellular biology. Furthermore, the carcinoma often grows invisibly to the eye imbedded in the surrounding skin. Therefore, in some cases its clinical detection is challenging. Thus, our work aims at establishing an unsupervised tissue classification method based on multimodal imaging and the application of chemometrics to discriminate basal cell carcinoma from non‐diseased tissue. A case study applying multimodal imaging to ex‐vivo sections of basal cell carcinoma is presented. In doing so, we apply a combination of various linear and non‐linear imaging modalities, i.e. fluorescence, Raman and second‐harmonic generation microscopy, to study the morphochemistry of basal cell carcinoma. The joint information content obtained by such multimodal approach in studying various aspects of the malignant tissue alterations associated with basal cell carcinoma is discussed. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Fabrication and biological evaluation of uniform extracellular matrix coatings on discontinuous photolithography generated micropallet arrays
Authors: Gunn Nicholas M. , Bachman Mark , Li Guann‐Pyng , Nelson Edward L. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe recent identification of rare cell populations within tissues that are associated with specific biological behaviors, for example, progenitor cells, has illuminated a limitation of current technologies to study such adherent cells directly from primary tissues. The micropallet array is a recently developed technology designed to address this limitation by virtue of its capacity to isolate and recover single adherent cells on individual micropallets. The capacity to apply this technology to primary tissues and cells with restricted growth characteristics, particularly adhesion requirements, is critically dependent on the capacity to generate functional extracellular matrix (ECM) coatings. The discontinuous nature of the micropallet array surface provides specific constraints on the processes for generating the desired ECM coatings that are necessary to achieve the full functional capacity of the micropallet array. We have developed strategies, reported herein, to generate functional coatings with various ECM protein components: fibronectin, EHS tumor basement membrane extract, collagen, and laminin‐5; confirmed by evaluation for rapid cellular adherence of four dissimilar cell types: fibroblast, breast epithelial, pancreatic epithelial, and myeloma. These findings are important for the dissemination and expanded use of micropallet arrays and similar microtechnologies requiring the integrated use of ECM protein coatings to promote cellular adherence. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
Financing for development and the post Keynesian case for a new global reserve currency
Authors: Hudson David 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn the context of the current financial crisis the article returns to the Keynes's plan for an international clearing house. In exploring the intellectual basis for Keynes's economics—namely uncertainty and liquidity preference—the article identifies the anti‐developmental characteristics of US dollar‐based international monetary system: (1) financial volatility and recurrent crises, (2) costly excessive international reserves, (3) the fundamental asymmetry of a system in which developing countries finance the US. Collectively these result in global deflationary tendencies which are caused less by a lack of liquidity than systemic inefficiencies. Keynes's plan for international monetary reform offers a solution to all of these problems. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Is China turning Latin? China's balancing act between power and dependence in the lead up to global crisis
Authors: Fischer Andrew Martin 
Published: July 2010

AbstractChina's apparent escape from the external constraints of peripheral late industrialisation in the build up to the global economic crisis of 2007–2009 has been recent and remains tenuous. Before its spectacular trade surpluses of the 2000s, China's external accounts reflected many of these constraints. Even in the midst of the surplus surge, external vulnerabilities of a peripheral nature have persisted. Besides the issue of export dependence, which is the conventional focus of most crisis‐related studies on China, vulnerabilities have been more profoundly related to the dominance of foreign ownership in China's export sector and to the relatively subordinate position of this export sector within the massive rerouting of international production networks via China that followed the East Asian crisis, in large part led by Northern transnational corporations. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Correlation between the piezoelectric properties and the structure of lead‐free KNN‐modified ceramics, studied by Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Rubio‐Marcos F. , Bañares M. A. , Romero J. J. , Fernandez J. F. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe structure of (Li,Na,K)(Nb,Ta,Sb)O3 piezoelectric ceramics was thoroughly studied by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy for samples with different compositions and sintered for different times. A linear relationship is evidenced between the tetragonality ratio derived from XRD and the Raman shift. The Raman stretching modes are used to demonstrate the correlation of the structure and the piezoelectric properties of the materials, and to calculate the effective ionic displacement causing the piezoelectric polarization. The methodology proposed here offers invaluable insight into the nondestructive Raman analysis of perovskite structures based on the potassium sodium niobate systems, which are not amenable by studies of diffraction or other spectroscopic techniques. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structural study of Mg‐bearing sodosilicate glasses by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Trcera Nicolas , Rossano Stéphanie , Tarrida Martine 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe presence of magnesium in glasses of geological, medical, and technological interests influences their physicochemical and durability properties. However, the understanding of the role of magnesium is dependent on the combined knowledge of the structural environment of magnesium in the glass or melt and of the silicate network connectivity of the studied systems. In this article, we present a Raman spectroscopic study of the network connectivity of 10 ternary silicate glasses in the system Na2OMgOSiO2 and one Mg‐free binary silicate glass Na2OSiO2. Results obtained at constant polymerization suggest the existence of various Qn units according to the nature of the modifying cation. As polymerization decreases for Na2OMgOαSiO2 glasses (labeled as NMSα with α decreasing from 10 to 2), the band associated with SiOSi bending in fully polymerized region disappears being gradually replaced by a band attributed to SiOSi bending in region containing mainly Q2 and Q3 species. For highly polymerized glasses (NMS10‐NMS4), the coexistence of these two bands suggests the presence of two interconnected networks. Concomitantly, the signal associated with Q3 species first increases. For a further decrease of the polymerization, the high wavenumber part of the signal associated with Q3 species decreases, while the intensity of the high wavenumber part of the band related to Q2 species increases. This result strongly suggests that magnesium charge‐balances preferentially Q2 species rather than Q3 species. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Increasing water productivity on Vertisols: implications for environmental sustainability
Authors: Jiru Mintesinot , Van Ranst Eric 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: The availability and quality of irrigation water have become a serious concern because of global climate change and an increased competition for water by industry, domestic users and the environment. Therefore, exploring environmentally friendly water‐saving irrigation strategies is essential for achieving food and environmental security. In northern Ethiopia, where traditional furrow irrigation is widely practiced, water mismanagement and its undesirable environmental impact are rampant. A 2‐year field study was undertaken to compare the traditional irrigation management with surge and deficit irrigation practices on a Vertisol plot.RESULT: Results have shown that surge and deficit irrigation practices increase water productivity by 62% and 58%, respectively, when compared to traditional management. The study also found out that these practices reduce the adverse environmental impacts (waterlogging and salinity) of traditional management by minimizing deep percolation and tail water losses. Total irrigation depth was reduced by 12% (for surge) and 27% (for deficit) when compared to traditional management.CONCLUSION: Based on the results, the study concluded that surge and deficit irrigation technologies not only improve water productivity but also enhance environmental sustainability. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Dialectical behavior therapy as a precursor to PTSD treatment for suicidal and/or self‐injuring women with borderline personality disorder
Authors: Harned Melanie S. , Jackson Safia C. , Comtois Katherine A. , Linehan Marsha M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis study examined the efficacy of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) in reducing behaviors commonly used as exclusion criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment. The sample included 51 suicidal and/or self‐injuring women with borderline personality disorder (BPD), 26 (51%) of whom met criteria for PTSD. BPD clients with and without PTSD were equally likely to eliminate the exclusionary behaviors during 1 year of DBT. By posttreatment, 50–68% of the BPD clients with PTSD would have been suitable candidates for PTSD treatment. Borderline personality disorder clients with PTSD who began treatment with a greater number of recent suicide attempts and more severe PTSD were significantly less likely to become eligible for PTSD treatment.
The impact of receiving an HIV diagnosis and cognitive processing on psychological distress and posttraumatic growth
Authors: Nightingale Vienna R. , Sher Tamara G. , Hansen Nathan B. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis study examined human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as a traumatic stressor, intrusive and deliberate cognitive processing, psychological distress, and posttraumatic growth. One‐hundred twelve participants completed interviews on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Criterion A, Rumination Scale‐Revised, Impact of Event Scale, and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory; relationships were modeled using path analysis. Model 1 attempted to replicate prior empirical research, Model 2 attempted to empirically replicate part of the posttraumatic growth theoretical model, and Model 3 attempted to empirically replicate an integrated model of posttraumatic growth and traumatic stress theories. Model 3 had good fit with study data. Results suggest shared and separate pathways from traumatic stressor to psychological distress and posttraumatic growth, with pathways mediated by cognitive processing. Implications of findings are discussed.
Resonance energy transfer: Beyond the limits
Authors: Andrews D.L. , Curutchet C. , Scholes G.D. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn pursuit of a better understanding of how electronic excitation migrates within complex structures, the concept of resonance energy transfer is being extended and deployed in a wide range of applications. Utilizing knowledge of the quantum interactions that operate in natural photosynthetic systems, wide‐ranging molecular and solid‐state materials are explored in the cause of more efficient solar energy harvesting, while advances in theory are paving the way for the development and application of fundamentally new mechanisms. In this review, an introduction to the underlying processes that cause singlet‐singlet and triplet‐triplet energy transfer leads into a discussion of how a new conception of these fundamental processes has emerged over recent years. Illustrative examples relevant to laser science and photonics are described, including photosynthetic light‐harvesting, light‐activated sensors, processes of cooperative and accretive energy pooling and quantum cutting in rare earth‐doped crystals, and incoherent triplet‐triplet energy upconversion in molecular solutions.
Irradiation at 830 nm stimulates nitric oxide production and inhibits pro‐inflammatory cytokines in diabetic wounded fibroblast cells
Authors: Houreld Nicolette N. , Sekhejane Palesa R. , Abrahamse Heidi 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveWound healing in diabetic patients remains a chief problem in the clinical setting and there is a strong need for the development of new, safe, reliable therapies. This study aimed to establish the effect of irradiating diabetic wounded fibroblast cells (WS1) in vitro on pro‐inflammatory cytokines and the production of nitric oxide (NO).Materials and MethodsNormal, wounded and diabetic wounded WS1 cells were exposed to an 830 nm laser with 5 J/cm2 and incubated for a pre‐determined amount of time. Changes in cellular viability, proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated by the Trypan blue assay, VisionBlue™ fluorescence assay and caspase 3/7 activity respectively. Changes in cytokines (interleukin—IL‐6, IL‐1β and tumour necrosis factor‐alpha, TNF‐α) were determined by ELISA. NO was determined spectrophotometrically and reactive oxygen species (ROS) was evaluated by immunofluorescent staining.ResultsDiabetic wounded WS1 cells showed no significant change in viability, a significant increase in proliferation at 24 and 48 hours (P<0.001 and P<0.01 respectively) and a decrease in apoptosis 24 hours post‐irradiation (P<0.01). TNF‐α levels were significantly decreased at both 1 and 24 hours (P<0.05), while IL‐1β was only decreased at 24 hours (P<0.05). There was no significant change in IL‐6. There was an increase in ROS and NO (P<0.01) 15 minutes post‐irradiation.ConclusionResults show that irradiation of diabetic wounded fibroblast cells at 830 nm with 5 J/cm2 has a positive effect on wound healing in vitro. There was a decrease in pro‐inflammatory cytokines (IL‐1β and TNF‐α) and irradiation stimulated the release of ROS and NO due to what appears to be direct photochemical processes. Lasers Surg. Med. 42:494–502, 2010. © 2010 Wiley–Liss, Inc.
Effect of Ga‐Al‐As laser irradiation on COX‐2 and cPLA2‐α expression in compressed human periodontal ligament cells
Authors: Mayahara Kotoe , Yamaguchi Akikuni , Sakaguchi Masahito , Igarashi Yu , Shimizu Noriyoshi 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveProstaglandin E2 (PGE2), which has bone‐resorptive activity, is produced by human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells in response to mechanical stress. We previously reported that low level laser (LLL) irradiation inhibited PGE2 production in PDL cells in response to mechanical stress; however, the mechanism underlying this inhibitory effect was unclear. Thus, we sought to determine the mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of LLL on PGE2 production in compressed PDL cells.Study Design/Materials and MethodsA compressive force of 2.0 g/cm2 was applied for 24 hours to human PDL cells obtained from premolars extracted for orthodontic treatment. LLL irradiation (Ga‐Al‐As laser, 830 nm, 3.82 J/cm2) was applied 6 hours before, 1 hour before, and immediately after the application of compressive force. The mRNA expression of COX‐2 and cPLA2‐α was then examined by real‐time PCR.ResultsLLL irradiation significantly inhibited COX‐2 and cPLA2‐α mRNA expression, which was increased in response to the application of a compressive force. Moreover, LLL irradiation immediately after compression had the strongest inhibitory effect on the expression of these genes.ConclusionsThe inhibition of PGE2 production by LLL irradiation in compressed PDL cells may be due to the inhibition of COX‐2 and cPLA2‐α expression and is most pronounced immediately after the application of a compressive force. Lasers Surg. Med. 42:489–493, 2010. © 2010 Wiley–Liss, Inc.
Detailed analysis of reactive oxygen species induced by visible light in various cell types
Authors: Lavi Ronit , Shainberg Asher , Shneyvays Vladimir , Hochauser Elicheva , Isaac Ahuva , Zinman Tova , Friedmann Harry , Lubart Rachel 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveLight in the visible and near infrared region stimulates various cellular processes, and thus has been used for therapeutic purposes. One of the proposed mechanisms is based on cellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to illumination. In the present study, we followed visible light (VL)‐induced hydroxyl radicals in various cell types and cellular sites using the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin‐trapping technique.Materials and MethodsFibroblasts, sperm cells, cardiomyocytes, and skeletal muscle cells were irradiated with broadband (400–800 nm) VL. To detect ROS, the EPR spin‐trapping technique coupled with the spin‐traps 5,5‐dimethyl pyrroline‐N‐oxide (DMPO) or 5‐(diethoxyphosphoryl)‐5‐methyl‐1‐pyrroline‐N‐oxide (DEPMPO) were used. To investigate the cellular sites of ROS formation, the cell‐permeable molecule, isopropanol, or the nonpermeable proteins, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were introduced to the cells before irradiation. ROS production in mitochondria was measured using the fluorescent probe, MitoTracker Red (MTR).Results and ConclusionsThe concentration of .OH increased both with illumination time and with cell concentration, and decreased when N2was bubbled into the cell culture, suggesting that VL initiates a photochemical reaction via endogenous photosensitizers. VL was found to stimulate ROS generation both in membrane and cytoplasm. In addition, fluorescent measurments confirmed the mitochondria to be target for light–cell interaction. The findings support the hypothesis that ROS are generated in various cellular sites following light illumination. Lasers Surg. Med. 42:473–480, 2010. © 2010 Wiley–Liss, Inc.
Effect of laser therapy on DNA damage
Authors: Fonseca Adenilson S. , Moreira Thiago O. , Paixão Deise L. , Farias Fernanda M. , Guimarães Oscar R. , de Paoli Severo , Geller Mauro , de Paoli Flavia 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveWhereas the biostimulative effect on tissues using low intensity laser therapy for treating many diseases has been described, the photobiological basis and adverse effects are not well understood. The aim of this study, using experimental models, is to observe the combined effect of physical damage (laser) and a chemical agent (hydrogen peroxide) on Escherichia coli cultures and bacterial plasmids.Materials and MethodsSurvival of E. coli AB1157 (wild type) and BW9091 (xth−) cultures were used as an experimental model to assess the effect of agents on DNA, also agarose gel electrophoretic profile of bacterial plasmids for studying single and double strand breaks in DNA exposed to laser irradiation and in DNA pre‐exposed to laser and subsequently incubated with hydrogen peroxide.ResultsData indicate low intensity laser: (i) did not alter the survival of E. coli cultures, (ii) pre‐exposure had a protective effect against lethal action of hydrogen peroxide on E. coli cultures, and (iii) did not alter the electrophoretic profile and action of hydrogen peroxide on plasmids. This suggests that low intensity therapeutic red laser doses at different emission modes induces sub‐lethal effects on E. coli wild type and exonuclease III mutant cultures inducing protective mechanisms against lethal action of hydrogen peroxide. Laser action on bacterial plasmids is related to lesions other than single or double DNA strands breaks.ConclusionsThis study shows a protective effect or DNA repair mechanism induction by pre‐exposure to low intensity red laser on the lethal action of oxidant agents and, therefore, laser therapy protocol should consider fluencies, wavelength and tissue conditions before beginning treatment. Lasers Surg. Med. 42:481–488, 2010. © 2010 Wiley–Liss, Inc.
Collagen changes and realignment induced by low‐level laser therapy and low‐intensity ultrasound in the calcaneal tendon
Authors: Wood Viviane T. , Pinfildi Carlos E. , Neves Marco A.I. , Parizoto Nivaldo A. , Hochman Bernardo , Ferreira Lydia M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThe treatment of calcaneal tendon injuries requires long‐term rehabilitation. Ultrasound (US) and low‐level laser therapy (LLLT) are the most used and studied physical agents in the treatment of tendon injuries; however, only a few studies examined the effects of the combination of US and LLLT. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate which treatment (the exclusive or combined use of US and LLLT) most effectively contribute to tendon healing.Study Design/Materials and MethodsThis was a controlled laboratory study with 50 rats whose Achilles tendon was injured by direct trauma. The rats were randomly divided into five groups and treated for 5 consecutive days, as follows: group 1 (control) received no treatment; group 2 was treated with US alone; group 3 was treated with LLLT alone; group 4 was treated first with US followed by LLLT; and group 5 was treated first with LLLT followed by US. On the sixth post‐injury day, the tendons were removed and examined by polarized light microscopy. The organization of collagen fibers was assessed by birefringence measurements. Picrosirius‐stained sections were examined for the presence of types I and III collagen.ResultsThere was a significantly higher organization of collagen fibers in group 2 (US) than in the control group (P = 0.03). The amount of type I collagen found in groups 2 (US), 3 (LLLT), and 5 (LLLT + US) was significantly higher than that in the control group (P ≤ 0.01), but no significant differences were found between treatment groups. There were no differences in the amount of type III collagen between groups.ConclusionUltrasound, LLLT, and the combined use of LLLT and US resulted in greater synthesis of type I collagen; US was also effective in increasing collagen organization in the early stages of the healing process. Lasers Surg. Med. 42:559–565, 2010. © 2010 Wiley–Liss, Inc.