bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global shocks and the dynamics of EU countries' specialisation
Authors: Comi Simona , Grasseni Mara , Resmini Laura 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article empirically investigates the effects of global shocks on EU‐28 countries' patterns of specialisation by focusing on the global financial crisis of 2008. In particular, it addresses the following two research questions: Did the financial crisis change the patterns of specialisation of EU member states? Was the impact of the crisis homogenous across countries and manufacturing products? Answering these questions is important because changes in specialisation generate inequalities, given the shift of the demand from one factor to another. Using an unconditional quantile regression approach, this study demonstrates that the financial crisis had a positive effect which was larger on products in which countries were not specialised before the crisis. Some heterogeneity also emerged at both sectoral and geographical levels.
Serum procalcitonin as a diagnostic biomarker in dogs with bacterial respiratory diseases
Authors: Koho N. , Rajamäki M. M. , Viitanen S. J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundProcalcitonin (PCT) is a useful biomarker in humans in the identification of bacterial respiratory infections.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the utility of serum PCT measurements as a diagnostic biomarker in canine bacterial lower respiratory tract diseases.MethodsPCT concentrations were measured in serum samples with an ELISA method previously validated for dogs. All dogs underwent thorough clinical examinations, and the diagnosis of respiratory disease was based on clinical and laboratory findings, diagnostic imaging, as well as cytology and bacterial culture of respiratory samples. PCT concentrations between different cohorts of dogs were compared with an ANOVA‐model.ResultsSixty‐two privately owned dogs with respiratory diseases, 25 with bacterial pneumonia (BP), 17 with bacterial bronchitis caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica (BB), and 20 with chronic bronchitis (CB) as well as 44 healthy controls were included in the study. Serum PCT concentrations in dogs with bacterial respiratory diseases (BP mean 51.8 ng/L ± standard deviation [SD] 40.6 ng/L and BB mean 61.4 ng/L ± SD 35.3 ng/L) were not significantly different when compared with dogs with a non‐bacterial respiratory disease (CB mean 89.7 ± SD 73.5 ng/L) or healthy dogs (mean 51.0 ng/L ± SD 37.5 ng/L, p > .05 in all comparisons).ConclusionsThese results indicate that despite being a valuable diagnostic, prognostic, and follow‐up marker in humans with pneumonia, serum PCT concentrations are not elevated in dogs with bacterial respiratory diseases and, therefore, cannot be used as a diagnostic biomarker in dogs.
Combined Virtual-Reality- and Gym-Based Physical Activity Intervention for Children With a Developmental Disability: Effects on Physical Activity Levels, Motor Skills, and Social Skills
Authors: Lee Hoo Kyung , Jin Jooyeon 
Published: May 2024

This study examined the effects of a combined virtual-reality- and gym-based physical activity (PA) program on PA levels, motor skills, and social skills of children with a developmental disability (DD). Twenty-five children with DD were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The intervention was conducted for 60 min, two times a week, for 12 weeks. Pre- and postintervention assessments encompassing PA levels measured via Gravity Estimator of Normal Everyday Activity, motor skills evaluated using the Test of Gross Motor Development-Third Edition, and social skills gauged via the Social Skills Rating System-Parent were conducted. Additionally, a follow-up assessment was administered to the experimental group 12 weeks postintervention. The findings unequivocally demonstrate that the combined virtual-reality- and gym-based PA program yielded significant enhancements in PA levels, motor skills, and social skills among children with DD in the experimental group. Notably, these improvements were sustained 12 weeks after the intervention. These findings may help professionals develop and implement better PA programs for children with DD.
Understanding the impact of maternal and infant nutrition on infant/child health: multiethnic considerations, knowledge translation, and future directions for equitable health research
Authors: Azab Sandi , Kandasamy Sujane , Wahi Gita , Lamri Amel , Desai Dipika , Williams Natalie , Zulyniak Michael , de Souza Russell , Anand Sonia S. 
Published: May 2024

A mother’s intrauterine environment influences her health and that of her offspring, at birth and in the future. Herein, we present an overview of our Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)-funded grant “Understanding the impact of maternal and infant nutrition on infant/child health”—set within The NutriGen Birth Cohort Alliance. NutriGen is a consortium of four Canadian prospective birth cohorts representing >5000 mother–child pairs of diverse ethnic groups including South Asians, White Europeans, and Indigenous peoples. We summarize our objectives and main findings on outcomes of maternal diet, gestational diabetes, birth weight, cardiometabolic health, the microbiome, and epigenetic modifications. We append this work with 10 key messages when conducting multiethnic research and review our knowledge translation products. We describe the clinical impact of our research on maternal and child health and conclude with future directions on biomarker discovery, expansion to other ethnic groups, and interventions for high-risk populations.
Investigation on the Passive Behavior of Ti-9Mn Alloy in 3.5 wt% NaCl Solution
Authors: Arroussi Mohammed , Jia Qing , Ter-Ovanessian Benoît , Yang Ke , Bai Chunguang , Wu Jiajia , Wang Peng 
Published: May 2024

Ti-9Mn alloy, widely used in aerospace and hydrogen storage, was recently introduced for marine and offshore structures because of its competitive mechanical characteristics. In this study, passive behavior of Ti-9Mn alloy was compared to the commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti). Ti-9Mn exhibited lower charge-transfer resistance than cp-Ti. Under steady-state condition, resistivity at metal/oxide film interface for Ti-9Mn alloy, which increased as fa unction of applied passive potential in range of 0.5 to 1.5 VSCE, was found to be lower than that of cp-Ti. Complex-capacitance (C
∞) value for Ti-9Mn alloy was higher than that of cp-Ti. Presence of Mn in the alloy induced significant increase in current density when potential exceeds 1.5 VSCE. Corrosion current density of Ti-9Mn (16.2 ± 4.0 nA cm−2) was three times higher than that of cp-Ti (4.57 ± 0.7 nA cm−2) after 21 days immersion in 3.5 wt% NaCl. The study may allow us to realize the full potential passivation behavior of Ti-9Mn for future marine and offshore applications.
Threshold Voltage Instability After Double Pulse Test Under Different OFF-State Drain Voltages and ON-State Drain Currents in p-GaN Gate AlGaN/GaN HEMT
Authors: Chen Wei-Chia , Lo Hao-Hsuan , Hsin Yue-ming 
Published: May 2024

This study investigated threshold voltage (VTH) instability in a Schottky p-GaN gate AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) by using the double pulse test (DPT) with a 1 μs pulse width in the ON-state and OFF-state. OFF-state drain biases (VDS,OFF) of 100–400 V and ON-state drain currents of ID,ON 1–16 A were applied in the DPT to observe the post-DPT VTH shift. The ON-state currents did not strongly influence the device’s characteristics after the DPT. However, the OFF-state voltages, particularly VDS,OFF = 100 and 200 V, exerted notable effects. A TCAD simulation was conducted to investigate the mechanism underlying the VTH shift after the DPT at various VDS,OFF and ID,ON levels.
Heathfield Down: An Alternative Location for the Battlefield of Hastings, 1066
Authors: Welshman Rebecca , Coleman Simon 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The exact location of the Battle of Hastings remains a question of debate. We identify previously unknown 18th and 19th-century sources that locate the battle near Old Heathfield in East Sussex, ten miles north-west of Battle Abbey, on land once known as Heathfield Down and ‘Slaughter Common’. We analyse the relevance of the haran apuldran (‘Hoar Apple Tree’) in the ‘D’ text of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle as an original name for the battlefield and discuss the survival of this name in medieval deeds concerning a nearby place ‘Horeapeltre’. We consider the military and cultural reasons why the battle might have taken place near here and show that the haran apuldran was probably a military assembly point. Heathfield Down was a likely conflict area due to its communication links, topography and strategic location, and Harold being stationed here could explain why he was taken by surprise, according to English sources.
The Impacts of Community-Driven Development Program in Conflict-Affected Regions: Evidence from Cambodia
Authors: Jung Jaehyun , Kim Taejong , Kim Booyuel 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study evaluates the effects of the Cambodia Rural Development Program, specifically focusing on income generation and social capital. By employing a difference- in-differences framework and propensity score matching, the study finds a statistically significant positive impact on income, primarily driven by increased engagement in regular income-generating activities. However, the study also finds that the program has a limited effect on village-level collective actions, social cohesion, and perceived safety while inadvertently discouraging financial contributions to community projects. Additionally, trust between villagers and government officials remains unchanged. Heterogeneous analyses reveal the ineffective participation of trauma-experienced subgroups, highlighting the need for tailored approaches in conflict-affected regions.
Whose Ideas Matter? The Changing Meaning of Health Protocols in Indonesia’s Border Management Policies in the Pandemic Era
Authors: Yazid Sylvia , Karman Mireille Marcia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic affected border management policies by introducing health protocol norms for foreigners entering the country. Although public rhetoric often emphasized the importance of preventing an increase in imported cases, the implementation of health protocols in Indonesian border management policy varied from long quarantine periods during the advent of the pandemic to the easing of border control during the Omicron spike. This paper is focused on the international and domestic dynamics that affected the meaning and implementation of health protocols in Indonesia’s border management policies. It was found that, although international health norms served as initial guidance for health protocols at the start of the pandemic, their influence faded over time as they did not align with the national agenda, which prioritized economic growth. Therefore, after successfully adapting to the pandemic, the president and his elite circle redefined health protocols to favor the economic recovery process.
Caste, Merit, and Technical Education in India
Authors: Ranjan Priya 
Published: May 2024

Ajantha Subramanian, The Caste of Merit: Engineering Education in India, Harvard University Press, 2019, 374 pp., GBP 22.02, ISBN 978-0-6749-8788-3 (Hardback). Anna Ruddock, Special Treatment: Student Doctors at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Stanford University Press, 2021, 282 pp., GBP 11.69, ISBN 978-1-5036-2825-0 (Paperback).
Mental Health, Suicidality, Health, and Social Indicators Among College Students Across Nine States in India
Authors: Cherian Anish V. , Armstrong Gregory , Sobhana H. , Haregu Tilahun , Deuri Sonia P. , Bhat Shrinivasa U. , Aiman Agnieta , Menon Vikas , Cherian Anil V. , Kannappan Yamini , Thamby Tinu , John Soyuz , Pavithra V. A. , Tesia Sonali S. , Gosh Sujit , Hanjabam Shukhdeba S. , Gangmei John Gaingamlung , Kiran Manisha , Nriame Veronica , Ravindra R. M. 
Published: May 2024

Background: The prevalence of mental health issues among youth is significantly high globally. This article presents findings from a survey that examined psychological distress, suicidal thoughts and behaviors, and health and social indicators among college students in India. Methods: The study recruited 8,542 students from 30 universities spanning nine Indian states, utilizing a questionnaire that included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) to measure depression and anxiety symptoms. It also examined the prevalence of suicidal thoughts, attempts, non-suicidal self-injury, and other health and social factors. Results: Findings indicate that 18.8% and 12.4% of students had considered suicide over their lifetime and in the past year, respectively, with 6.7% having attempted it at some point in their lives. Among those with lifetime suicidal thoughts, more than one-third (38.1%) reported having previously disclosed these thoughts to someone, with friends being the most common confidants. Furthermore, one-third (33.6%) of participants reported moderate to severe symptoms of depression, and one-quarter (23.2%) reported moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety. Conclusions: The study revealed a significant prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms, as well as suicidal thoughts and attempts among college students in India. The study underscores the critical need for interventions aimed at improving mental health and supporting this demographic.
Extracorporeal life support after surgical repair for acute type a aortic dissection: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sá Michel Pompeu , Jacquemyn Xander , Hess Nicholas , Brown James A. , Caldonazo Tulio , Kirov Hristo , Doenst Torsten , Serna-Gallegos Derek , Kaczorowski David , Sultan Ibrahim 
Published: May 2024

Background The use of extracorporeal life support (ECLS) in patients after surgical repair for acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) has not been well documented. Methods We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the outcomes of ECLS after surgery for ATAAD with data published by October 2023 in compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) and the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) reporting guidelines. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023479955). Results Twelve observational studies met our eligibility criteria, including 280 patients. Mean age was 55.0 years and women represented 25.3% of the overall population. Although the mean preoperative left ventricle ejection fraction was 59.8%, 60.8% of patients developed left ventricle failure and 34.0% developed biventricular failure. Coronary involvement and malperfusion were found in 37.1% and 25.6%, respectively. Concomitant coronary bypass surgery was performed in 38.5% of patients. Regarding ECLS, retrograde flow (femoral) was present in 39.9% and central cannulation was present in 35.4%. In-hospital mortality was 62.8% and pooled estimate of successful weaning was 50.8%. Neurological complications, bleeding and renal failure were found in 25.9%, 38.7%, and 65.5%, respectively. Conclusion ECLS after surgical repair for ATAAD remains associated with high rates of in-hospital death and complications, but it still represents a chance of survival in critical situations. ECLS remains a salvage attempt and surgeons should not try to avoid ECLS at all costs after repairing an ATAAD case.
Finite element analysis of the effect of tibial osteotomy on the stress of polyethylene liner in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Sun Lihui , Han Yu , Jing Zheng , Li Dongbo , Liu Jianguo , Li Dongsong 
Published: May 2024

Aim To explore the effects of tibial osteotomy varus angle combined with posterior tibial slope (PTS) on the stress of polyethylene liner in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) by building finite element model (FEM). Methods Established the FEM of standard TKA with tibial osteotomy varus angle 0° to 9° were established and divided into 10 groups. Next, each group was created 10 FEMs with 0° to 9° PTS separately. Calculated the stress on polyethylene liner in each group in Abaqus. Finally, the relevancy between tibial osteotomy angle and polyethylene liner stress was statistically analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Results As the varus angle increased, the area of maximum stress gradually shifted medially on the polyethylene liner. As the PTS increases, the percentage of surface contact forces on the medial and lateral compartmental of the polyethylene liner gradually converge to the same. When the varus angle is between 0° and 3°, the maximum stress of the medial compartmental surfaces of polyethylene liner rises smoothly with the increase of the PTS. When the varus angle is between 4° and 9°, as the increase of the PTS, the maximum stress of polyethylene liner rises first and then falls, forming a trough at PTS 5° and then rises again. Compared to the PTS, the varus angle has a large effect on the maximum stress of the polyethylene liner ( p < .001). Conclusion When the varus angle is 0° to 3°, PTS 0° is recommended, which will result in a more equalized stress distribution of the polyethylene liner in TKA.
DENV-2 Outbreak Associated With Cosmopolitan Genotype Emergence in Western Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Ribeiro Jessiane Rodrigues , Roca Tárcio Peixoto , Cartonilho Gleense dos Santos , Passos-Silva Ana Maísa , Moreira Hillquias Monteiro , Teixeira Karolaine Santos , da Silva André Luiz Ferreira , Lugtenburg Celina Aparecida Bertoni , dos Santos Alcione Oliveira , Villalobos Salcedo Juan Miguel , do Nascimento Valdinete Alves , de Souza Victor Costa , Roque Rosemary Aparecida , Krieger Marco Aurélio , Naveca Felipe Gomes , Rampazzo Rita de Cássia Pontello , Vieira Deusilene Souza 
Published: May 2024

Background: Dengue virus (DENV) causes an important disease and directly affects public health, being the arbovirus that presents the highest number of infections and deaths in the Western Brazilian Amazon. This virus is divided into 4 serotypes that have already circulated in the region. Methodology: Molecular characterization of a cohort containing 841 samples collected from febrile patients between 2021 and 2023 was analyzed using a commercial kit to detect the main arboviruses circulating in Brazil: Zika, DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, DENV-4 and, Chikungunya. Subsequently, Sanger sequencing was performed for positive samples. Results: The cohort detected 162 positive samples, 12 for DENV-1 and 150 identified as DENV-2, indicating co-circulation of serotypes. The samples were subjected to sequencing and the analysis of the sequences that obtained good quality revealed that 5 samples belonged to the V genotype of DENV-1 and 46 were characterized as DENV-2 Cosmopolitan genotype—lineage 5. Conclusion: The results allowed us to identify for the first time the Cosmopolitan genotype in Rondônia, Brazilian Western Amazon, and its fast spread dispersion.
Serious Failure Modes After EVAR Are Device Specific
Authors: Abdul-Malak O. M. , Cherfan P. , Liang N. , Eslami M. , Singh M. , Mohapatra A. , Zaghloul M. , Madigan M. , Al-Khoury G. , Makaroun M. , Chaer R. A. 
Published: May 2024

Objectives: Type I and III endoleaks following endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) can lead to catastrophic events that require major re-interventions. We reviewed our experience with aortic endograft re-interventions for type I and III endoleaks and other serious failures among different devices. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with a prior EVAR who underwent open conversion (OC) or major endovascular intervention (MEI) (re-lining, cuff/limb extension, parallel graft) for type I/III endoleaks at our institution from 2002 to 2019. Baseline characteristics, procedural details, re-interventions, and outcomes were collected. Results: A total of 229 patients (194 men) underwent re-interventions for type I and III endoleaks after EVAR (90 OC, 139 MEI) for devices implanted between 1997 and 2019. Average age at re-intervention was 78±8.5 years. A total of 135 (59%) were implanted at our institution, whereas 93 (41%) were referred. Median time to re-intervention was 4 years with 25% to 75% interquartile range (IQR) of 2.2–6.6 years. There was no significant difference in baseline demographics or type of re-interventions (OC/MEI) between device types. 42/229 (18%) presented with ruptured aneurysms, 20/229 (9%) were symptomatic, whereas the rest presented with asymptomatic radiographic findings. Type 1A endoleak was present in 146/229 (63.8%—72 with proximal migration), type IB in 46/229 (20.1%), type IIIA in 37/229 (16.6%), type IIIB in 15/229 (6.5%), and persistent aneurysm sac growth with no radiographic evidence of an endoleak in 6/229 (2.6%). Devices included most commercial products: AFX, Excluder, AneuRx, Ancure, Endurant, and Zenith. A smaller number of investigational devices accounted for the rest. Type 1A endoleak was the most common indication for re-intervention among all devices except for AFX and ancure devices, proximal migration was a frequent presentation with AneuRx. AFX devices more frequently presented with a type III and ancure devices more frequently presented with a type IB endoleak. Conclusions: Serious failure modes after EVAR differ between endografts and occur throughout the follow-up period. This is important to guide targeted interrogation of surveillance studies and follow-up schedules, even for discontinued devices, as well as comparisons between various series and estimation of EVAR failure rates. Clinical Impact Surveillance after EVAR is critical for long term success of the repair, understanding of the differential modes of failure of every graft available is important in the longitudinal evaluation of these endografts. Equally important is the understanding of the modes of failure of legacy endografts that are no longer on the market but still being followed, in order to be able to tailor a surveillance regiemn and the evntual repair if needed.