bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of oral administration of lomustine and prednisolone or prednisolone alone as treatment for granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis or necrotizing encephalitis in dogs
Authors: Flegel Thomas , Boettcher Irene C. , Matiasek Kaspar , Oevermann Anna , Doherr Marcus G. , Oechtering Gerhard , Henke Diana 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Objective—To compare oral administration of lomustine and prednisolone with oral administration of prednisolone alone as treatment for granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis (GME) or necrotizing encephalitis (NE) in dogs.
Design—Retrospective cohort study.
Animals—25 dogs with GME and 18 dogs with NE (diagnosis confirmed in 8 and 5 dogs, respectively).
Procedures—Records of dogs with GME or NE were reviewed for results of initial neurologic assessments and clinicopathologic findings, treatment, follow-up clinicopathologic findings (for lomustine-treated dogs), and survival time. Dogs with GME or NE treated with lomustine and prednisolone were assigned to groups 1 (n = 14) and 3 (10), respectively; those treated with prednisolone alone were assigned to groups 2(11) and 4 (8), respectively.
Results—Prednisolone was administered orally every 12 hours to all dogs. In groups 1 and 3, mean lomustine dosage was 60.3 mg/m2, PO, every 6 weeks. Median survival times in groups 1 through 4 were 457, 329, 323, and 91 days, respectively (no significant difference between groups 1 and 2 or between groups 3 and 4). Within the initial 12 months of treatment, median prednisolone dosage was reduced in all groups; dosage reduction in group 1 was significantly larger than that in group 2 at 6, 9, and 12 months. Combination treatment most frequently caused leukopenia, but had no significant effect on liver enzyme activities.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—In dogs with GME and NE, oral administration of lomustine and prednisolone or prednisolone alone had similar efficacy. Inclusion of lomustine in the treatment regimen was generally tolerated well.
Dyslipidemia in northeastern China
Authors: Shi Xiao , Jin Qinglong , Hu Yulin , Chi Xiumei , Gao Yanhang , Tao Yuchun , Sun Jie , Niu Jun 
Published: February 2011

AbstractDyslipidemia, is a major risk factor for premature coronary artery disease. Our aim was to estimate the prevalence of dyslipidemia (blood lipid abnormalities) and other risk factors associated with coronary artery diseases among an adult population in northeastern China. Throughout the months of September and October of 2007,a population-based cross-sectional study was conducted and a total of 3,815 individuals were included. Total cholesterol (TC), high-density cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) were measured. A binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine risk factors associated with dyslipidemia. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, high LDL-C, low HDL-C, and hypertriglyceridemia were 17.3%, 27.8%, 11.66% and 29.85%, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension, central obesity, alcoholic liver disease (ALD), non-ALD, diabetes and metabolic syndrome was higher in serum lipid abnormality groups than in the non-dyslipidemia group (p < 0.001). In a binary logistic regression, hyperlipidemia was positively correlated with age, male, hypertension, high body mass index, etc. There were negative correlations with being female and the level of education a subject had attained. Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for premature coronary artery diseases and an important public health issue in the northeastern part of China. Dyslipidemia is more frequent than expected based on previous studies. To control dyslipidemia, routine evaluations in clinics and community centers are needed, as well as effective public health education.
State of HPV16 integration in Lithuanian women with cervical neoplasia
Authors: Sepetiene Agne , Gudlevicienė Zivile , Bumbuliene Zana , Drasutiene Grazina , Didziapetriene Janina 
Published: February 2011

AbstractCervical cancer morbidity and mortality in Lithuania is one of the biggest in the European Union. The main risk factor of cervical cancer is human papillomavirus (HPV). The deletion of the HPV E2 gene influences HPV DNA integration into the cell genome, as well as a rapid progression of cervical lesions. The purpose of this study is to determine HPV, its types, and HPV 16 integration in different grades of cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN). 253 women with cytological lesions were involved in the study. After a histology, 31 women were diagnosed with CIN I, 35 with CIN II, and 51 with CIN III. The biggest prevalence of HPV infection was detected in women younger than 25 years old (69.7%) and in women with CIN II (90.9%). HPV 16 was detected in 67.8% of all cases, with the highest prevalence in CIN III (84.4%). A partial integration form was detected in 65.0% of HPV 16 infected women, a complete virus integration in 26.5%, and an episomal form in 8.4% of cases. Our study concludes that in all the cases confirmed using a histology, the partial virus integration form of CIN was identified the most. It was less frequently detected in CIN I cases (60.0%), but more frequently in CIN II and CIN III cases (72.8 and 69.3%, respectively).
Photocatalytically-assisted electrochemical degradation of p-aminophenol in aqueous solutions using zeolite-supported TiO2 catalyst
Authors: Ratiu Cornelia , Manea Florica , Lazau Carmen , Orha Corina , Burtica Georgeta , Grozescu Ioan , Schoonman Joop 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis paper reports the results of an investigation into enhancement of the electrochemical oxidation of p-aminophenol (4-AP) in an aqueous solution with a boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode, assisted by photocatalysis using a zeolite-supported TiO2 (Z-TiO2) catalyst. The BDD electrode was characterised in 0.1 M Na2SO4-supporting electrolyte and the presence of 4-AP by open-circuit potential behaviour (OCP) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The electrode behaviour was investigated in the dark and following UV irradiation and in the absence/presence of the Z-TiO2 catalyst. The electro-oxidation process was carried out using chronoamperometry (CA) and multiple-pulsed amperometry (MPA) at the selected potential under potentiostatic conditions. The electrochemical degradation process of 4-AP on the BDD electrode was improved by the application of a pulsed potential, which allowed both in-situ electrochemical cleaning of the electrode and indirect oxidation of 4-AP by oxygen evolution. The application of photocatalysis using Z-TiO2 in the 4-AP electrochemical degradation exhibited an enhanced effect when the anodic potential was set at +1.25 V vs. Ag/AgCl in the water stability region, close to the oxygen evolution potential.
Effect of Knee Position on Gap Size Following Acute Achilles Rupture
Authors: Trickett Ryan W. , Hodgson Paul , Lyons Kathleen , Thomas Rhys 
Published: February 2011

Background: Acute traumatic rupture of the tendoachilles is a common problem. Following a recent Cochrane review, operative treatment has been shown to have a lower re-rupture rate compared with conservative treatment, but is associated with a slightly higher rate of other complications. Debate concerning the method and duration of conservative treatment remains. We aimed to assess the effect of knee position on the gap in acute tendoachilles ruptures. Materials and Methods: Patients with a history and examination consistent with an acute rupture were collected prospectively. They were investigated by the same musculoskeletal consultant radiologist using ultrasonography. Tendon gap was measured with the foot in neutral and full tolerable equinus with the knee both flexed to 90 degrees and fully extended. A pilot study of 10 patients was used to provide data for a power calculation. Following this a total of 25 consecutive patients were recruited for inclusion. A paired Student t-test was used to compare mean differences between the knee flexed/ankle plantarflexed and knee extended/ankle plantarflexed positions on the gap at the rupture site. Results: A diagnosis of acute tendoachilles rupture was confirmed in all patients and tendon gap was measured with the knee flexed and extended with the ankle either neutral or plantarflexed. This confirmed there was no significant difference in the tendon gap with the knee flexed or extended provided the foot was in full equinus ( p > 0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that knee position had no significant effect on the tendon gap at the rupture site. This study could have considerable implications on the rationale behind conservative treatment and splinting of acute tendoachilles ruptures with no apparent role for knee flexed immobilization. Level of Evidence: IV, Case Series
Association Between Plantar Fasciitis and Isolated Contracture of the Gastrocnemius
Authors: Patel Amar , DiGiovanni Benedict 
Published: February 2011

Background: Current evidence suggests that limited ankle dorsiflexion is an etiologic factor for plantar fasciitis. This limitation can arise from either an isolated contracture of the gastrocnemius or from a contracture of the gastrocnemius-soleus complex. This study's aim was to determine the proportion of patients with plantar fasciitis that have an associated isolated gastrocnemius contracture. Materials and Methods: This investigation was a prospective evaluation of patients with either acute or chronic plantar fasciitis. Two hundred fifty-four patients with plantar fasciitis were included. Patients were assessed for the existence of limited ankle dorsiflexion which was further characterized by noting the presence of an isolated gastrocnemius contracture or contracture of the gastrocnemius-soleus complex. The patient's duration of symptoms, type of occupation, and body mass index were also documented. Patients with acute plantar fasciitis were defifined as having symptom duration of 9 months or less while those with chronic plantar fasciitis were those with over 9 months of symptoms. The Wilcoxon rank sum and chi square tests were used to compare characteristics between the acute and chronic populations. Results: Eighty-three percent (211 of 254 patients) had limited ankle dorsiflexion. Fifty-seven percent (145 of 254) had an isolated contracture of the gastrocnemius, 26% (66 of 254) had a contracture of the gastrocnemius-soleus complex, and 17% (43 of 254) did not have a dorsiflexion limitation. Patients were further stratified into acute versus chronic symptom duration at the time of presentation. Equinus contracture was noted in 83% (129 of 155) of acute cases, and 82% (82 of 99) of chronic cases. An isolated contracture of the gastrocnemius was found in 60% (93 of 155) of acute, and 52% (52 of 99) of chronic cases. A gastrocnemius-soleus complex contracture was noted in 23% (36 of 155) of acute cases, and 30% (30 of 99) of chronic cases. Patients with chronic plantar fasciitis had a significantly higher number ( p < 0.05) of medical comorbidities than those with acute plantar fasciitis. Conclusion: Limited ankle dorsiflexion is commonly associated with plantar fasciitis and more than half of these patients had evidence of an isolated gastrocnemius contracture. These findings can be utilized to develop and further refine non-operative and operative treatment strategies for those with recalcitrant plantar fasciitis. Level of Evidence: IV, Case Series
Minimally Invasive Deltoid Ligament Reconstruction for Stage IV Flatfoot Deformity
Authors: Jeng Clifford L. , Bluman Eric M. , Myerson Mark S. 
Published: February 2011

Background: Stage IV is the most advanced form of acquired adult flatfoot deformity (AAFD). It is present when valgus tibiotalar angulation occurs with foot deformities associated with AAFD. Tibiotalocalcaneal or pantalar fusion has been the gold standard for treatment of Stage IV AAFD. However, in some of these patients the tibiotalar deformity is correctable. We sought to determine whether minimally invasive deltoid ligament reconstruction in conjunction with triple arthrodesis (MIDLR/Triple) allows tibiotalar joint sparing surgical therapy in Stage IV-A AAFD patients. Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with Stage IV-A AAFD were given the option of undergoing ankle joint sparing surgery with the MIDLR/Triple technique. Those that chose this option were followed longitudinally. Eight patients underwent the ankle joint sparing procedure. Average followup was 36 months. Radiographic and functional outcome measures were obtained. Success was defined as maintenance of 3 degrees or less of valgus tibiotalar angulation and greater than 2 mm of lateral joint space remaining at final followup. Results: At final followup, five were judged to have a successful outcome. In those, tibiotalar valgus angulation was reduced from 6.4 ± 2.9 degrees to 2.0 ± 2.0 degrees, lateral ankle joint space was maintained at preoperative levels and SF-12 functional scores were equal to age matched normative scores. The only parameter found to be predictive of successful outcome was the magnitude of preoperative tibiotalar tilt. Conclusions: MIDLR/triple is a new treatment option that requires significant care in patient selection and surgical execution. It is a choice that allows for preservation of ankle motion in patients diagnosed with Stage IV-A AAFD who have less than 10 degrees of valgus tibiotalar tilt on preoperative standing ankle radiographs. Level of Evidence: IV, Case Series
Limb Salvage in Severe Diabetic Foot Infection
Authors: Kim Bom Soo , Choi Woo Jin , Baek Mi Kyung , Kim Yong Sang , Lee Jin Woo 
Published: February 2011

Background: The purpose of our study was to determine the efficacy of a management algorithm that includes negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in diabetic feet with limb-threatening infection. Materials and Methods: Forty-five septic diabetic feet were treated with NPWT between 2006 and 2008. After emergent abscess evacuation, early vascular intervention was performed if necessary. Debridement, with or without partial foot amputation, was followed by NPWT. Wound progress was measured using a digital scanner. A limb was considered salvaged if complete healing was achieved without any or with minor amputation through or below the ankle. The mean followup after complete wound healing was 17 (range, 6 to 35) months. Results: Thirty-two cases (71%) were infected with two or more organisms. Negative pressure wound therapy was applied for 26.2 ± 14.3 days. The median time to achieve more than 75% wound area granulation was 23 (range, 4 to 55) days and 104 (range, 38 to 255) days to complete wound healing. Successful limb salvage was achieved in 44 cases (98%); 14 (31%) without any amputation and 30 (67%) with partial foot amputations. Total number of operations per limb was 2.4 ± 1.3. One case of repeated infection and necrosis was managed with a transtibial amputation. There were no complications associated with NPWT. Conclusion: This study provides the outcome of a management algorithm which includes NPWT in salvaging severely infected diabetic feet. With emergent evacuation of abscess, early vascular intervention and appropriate debridement, NPWT can be a useful adjunct to the management of limb-threatening diabetic foot infections. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Case Series
Wound Complications in Thyroxine-Supplemented Patients Following Foot and Ankle Surgery
Authors: Grunfeld Robert , Kunselman Allen , Bustillo Jorge , Juliano Paul J. 
Published: February 2011

Background: Our hypothesis was that thyroxine supplementation in patients undergoing foot and ankle surgery would be associated with increased postoperative wound complications and wound dehiscence compared to patients without thyroxine supplementation. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of 48 patients supplemented with thyroxine that underwent foot and ankle surgery was conducted and analyzed for wound complications. All patients were non-diabetic. A total of 94 historical controls were used to compare the incidence of wound complications to the thyroxine sample. Patient demographics, medical comorbidities, principal diagnosis and procedure performed were recorded. The presence or absence of wound dehiscence, infection or other wound complications was recorded for all patients based on the followup clinical notes in the electronic record. Results: In the thyroxine group, the most common diagnosis was degenerative arthritis (31%, n = 15), which also occurred in 28.7% of control patients ( n = 27). Wound dehiscence was reported in 36.2% ( n = 17) of thyroxine-supplemented patients compared to 10.8% of control patients ( n = 10). After adjusting for age, gender, hypertension diagnosis, and vascular disease diagnosis, the odds for wound dehiscence remained significantly greater for the thyroxine group compared to control patients (adjusted OR = 3.7; 95% CI: (1.3, 11.4); p = 0.01). Conclusion: Overall, our results suggest increased wound dehiscence complications in the postoperative period for thyroxine-supplemented patients compared to control patients. This finding remained even after adjusting for the associated cardiovascular comorbidities seen in thyroxine-supplemented patients. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Case Series
Preservation of Lesser Metatarsophalangeal Joints in Rheumatoid Forefoot Reconstruction
Authors: Krause Fabian G. , Fehlbaum Olivia , Huebschle Lars M. , Weber Martin 
Published: February 2011

Background: A standard rheumatoid forefoot reconstruction consists of arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint and resection arthroplasty of the lesser metatarsal heads. However, preservation of the metatarsal heads has gained renewed interest since the medical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis has improved dramatically. Material and Methods: Nineteen consecutive patients with severe rheumatoid forefoot deformities underwent 24 forefoot reconstructions including first MTP arthrodesis with lesser MTP resection arthroplasty (resection arthroplasty group, ten feet), arthrolysis (arthrolysis group, six feet), or a combination of both (combined group, eight feet). Subjective, functional, and radiographic results were evaluated at 28 and 133 months (mean) followup. Results: The overall AOFAS Forefoot Score at short- and long-term followup improved significantly (all p < 0.0001). There were no substantial differences between groups with regard to subjective rating, function, use of orthopaedic aids or shoewear, and walking capacity. Radiographic evaluation revealed a significant increase in axial malalignment of the lesser toes at long-term followup in all groups (all p < 0.018). Sagittal malalignment increased substantially in the resection arthroplasty group only. Reoperation rate was comparable among all groups, and a single third MTP arthrolysis (3%, 1/40) was converted to resection arthroplasty. Conclusion: In combination with first MTP arthrodesis, arthrolysis with preservation of all or only the lateral lesser MTP joints in rheumatoid forefoot reconstruction was a viable and durable alternative to resection arthroplasty when the joint destruction was mild to moderate. Level of Evidence: III, Retrospective Comparative Series
Hemiarthroplasty and Distal Oblique First Metatarsal Osteotomy for Hallux Rigidus
Authors: Ronconi Paolo , Martinelli Nicolò , Cancilleri Francesco , Marinozzi Andrea , Marineo Gianluca , Denaro Vincenzo 
Published: February 2011

Background: In a retrospective study, we evaluated the effect of the addition of a decompressive osteotomy to hemiarthroplasty of the great toe in terms of clinical and radiographic outcomes. Material and Methods: Twenty-one consecutive patients affected by Grade III hallux rigidus underwent distal oblique osteotomy of the first metatarsal and hemiarthroplasty of the hallux metatarsophalageal joint. Clinical evaluation included the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society scoring system (AOFAS) and the Short Form 36 questionnaire (SF-36), preoperatively and at followup visits. Standard weightbearing radiographs were performed to assess implant alignment, loosening, and bone loss. The mean followup was (range, 16 to 29) months. Results: The mean AOFAS score improved from 47.5 ± 11.5 preoperatively to 76.0 ± postoperatively ( p < 0.01). At the last followup the SF-36 subscales Physical functioning, Bodily pain and Emotional role scores were increased from baseline. At the last followup, six patients (28.5%) were very satisfied with the outcome, ten patients (47.6%) were satisfied and five patients (23.8%) were dissatisfied. In the dissatisfied group, two patients had persistent joint pain with stiffness and subluxation of the prosthesis. Dorsal subsidence of the implant was present in ten patients at the last radiographic followup. Conclusion: Hemiarthroplasty of the proximal phalanx and distal oblique metatarsal osteotomy for Grade III hallux rigidus at 2-years followup yielded mixed patient satisfaction and unsatisfactory radiographic outcome. Level of Evidence: IV, Case Series
Long-Term Results after Modified Brostrom Procedure without Calcaneo-fibular Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Lee Kyung Tai , Park Young Uk , Kim Jin Su , Kim Jun Beom , Kim Ki Chun , Kang Seung Kyun 
Published: February 2011

Background: The short-term results of modified Brostrom procedures (MBP) have been satisfactory. However, the long-term results of anatomical reconstruction have been less frequently reported. We report on our long-term results in our patient group. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with chronic ankle instability who were treated using the MBP without CFL reconstruction from March 1997 to June 1999 were evaluated retrospectively. This consecutive series of patients was comprised of 26 males and four females. The mean age of the patients at the time of operation was 23 years. The mean followup period was 10.6 years. Twenty-four of the 30 were high-level amateur or professional athletes. The operation procedure involved only ATFL imbrication with inferior extensor retinaculum (IER) reinforcement. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by reviewing clinical charts, retrospectively. Functional outcome scores were obtained using the Hamilton scale, a VAS, and AOFAS score at final followup visit, when each patient underwent a physical examination and stress radiography. Results: Mean AOFAS score was 91 and the mean VAS at final followup was 87. According to the Hamilton classification, 12 achieved an excellent result, 16 a good result, and two a fair result. Mean anterior translation values at final followup were 6.9 and 6.1 mm on ipsilateral and contralateral sides. Furthermore, mean talar tilt angles were 3.0 and 2.5 degrees for ipsilateral and contralateral sides. Twenty-eight of the 30 patients Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Case Series