bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing practical strategies to reduce addiction-related stigma and discrimination in public addiction treatment centers: a mixed-methods study protocol
Authors: Khazaee-Pool Maryam , Naghibi Seyed Abolhassan , Pashaei Tahereh , Ponnet Koen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
People with substance use disorders (SUDs) have restricted engagement with health-care facilities and describe repeated experiences of stigma, discrimination, and mistreatment when receiving care at health-care and public addiction treatment centers (PATCs). The purpose of the current study is to design practical cultural-based strategies to reduce addiction-related stigma and discrimination at PATCs.

Methods/design
The present study will use a mixed-methods design with an explanatory sequential approach. Phase 1 of the study will combine a cluster sampling technique combined with a cross-sectional survey of Patients with Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) in Mazandaran, Iran. A total of three hundred and sixty individuals with SUDs will be selected to assess their experiences of stigma and factors predicting stigma. Phase 2 will involve qualitative study aimed at exploring participants’ perceptions regarding the aspects and determinants of their stigma experience. The participants will include two groups: people with SUDs and staff/health-care providers at PATCs. Participants for Phase 2 will be purposively sampled from those involved in Phase 1.Qualitative data will be collected using in-depth semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions and analyzed using content analysis with a conventional approach. Phase 3 will focus on the development of new strategies to reduce the experiences of stigma among people with SUDs at PATCs. These strategies will be formulated based on the findings derived from the qualitative and quantitative data obtained in Phases 1 and 2, a comprehensive review of the literature, and expert opinions gathered using the nominal group technique.

Discussion
This is one of the few studies conducted within the domain of stigma pertaining to individuals who use drugs within the context of Iranian culture employing a mixed-methods approach, this study aims to develop culturally sensitive strategies to reduce such problems from the perspective of Iranian people who use drugs. It is anticipated that the study will yield evidence-based insights and provide practical strategies to reduce the stigma and discrimination experienced by people who use drugs at PATCs. Such outcomes are important for informing policymaking and designing healthcare interventions tailored to the needs of individuals grappling with substance dependency.
Work pressure, coping styles and occupational burnout among Chinese police officers: a meta-analytic review
Authors: Zhou Senlin , Li Miaomiao , Chen Siru , Jiang Daokui , Qu Ying , Xu Xizheng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe present study conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to systematically review the relationship between occupational burnout and work pressure among Chinese police officers. Additionally, the study explored the mediating role of coping styles using a meta-analytic structural equation model. The investigation involved a thorough search of CNKI, PubMed, PsychInfo, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases, resulting in the identification of a total of 39 studies with 124 effect sizes and 14,089 police officers. The findings revealed a positive correlation between work pressure and occupational burnout among Chinese police officers (r = 0.410, 95% CI = [0.347, 0.469]). Furthermore, negative coping styles mediate the relationship between work pressure and occupational burnout. Importantly, these conclusions held true across various work regions for police officers. These results provide insights into the relationship magnitude between work pressure and occupational burnout in Chinese police work and shed light on the underlying mechanisms. Based on these findings, it is recommended that interventions focusing on reducing work pressure and fostering positive coping styles be implemented to mitigate occupational burnout among police officers.
Review of public health commodity distribution models in Nigeria
Authors: Rotimi Kunle 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe distribution of public health commodities is a challenging activity directly responsible for the success of a public health program or intervention. Getting the distribution strategy right is a major concern of many health program implementers and stakeholders in Nigeria. This study intends to look at available models previously or currently used for the distribution of public health commodities in Nigeria. Literature search was carried out in PubMed and Google Scholar on articles related to the public health commodities distribution models in Nigeria. Websites of health organizations operating in Nigeria and publicly funded health institutions were also visited for gray literatures on public health commodities distribution strategies. The study shows the absent of scientific publication as source of information on the distribution model; instead, most of the research publications were review publications in addition to program reports from international nongovernmental organizations and health authorities in Nigeria. Direct delivery and information capture, pull and push, hub and spoke, 5 tier, vertical distribution, integrated distribution models were some of the models identified from the study. Analysis from the review suggests hub/spoke model and integrated model as a desirable model for the distribution of public health commodities.
Impact of Fee For Service on the Efficiency and Survival of Seguro Popular's Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Mexico
Authors: Cerecero-García Diego , Macías-González Fernando , Muñoz-Aguirre Paloma , Huerta-Gutierrez Rodrigo , Zapata Martha , Rivera-Luna Roberto , Lajous Martin , Bautista-Arredondo Sergio 
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE Cost containment and efficiency in the provision of health care are primary concerns for health systems that aim to provide affordable, high-quality care. Between 2005 and 2015, Seguro Poplar's Fund against Catastrophic Expenditures (FPGC) funded ALL treatment in Mexico. Before January 1, 2011, FPGC reimbursed a fixed amount per patient according to risk. In 2011, the per capita reimbursement method changed to fee for service. We used this natural experiment to estimate the impact of the reimbursement policy change on average expenditure and quality of care for ALL treatment in Mexico. METHODS We used nationwide reimbursement data from the Seguro Poplar's FPGC from 2005 to 2015. We created a patient cohort to assess 3-year survival and estimate the average reimbursement before and after the fee-for-service policy. We examined survival and expenditure impacts, controlling for patients' and providers' characteristics, including sex, risk (standard and high), the volume of patients served, type of institution (federally funded v other), and level of care. To quantify the impact, we used a regression discontinuity approach. RESULTS The average reimbursement for standard-risk patients in the 3-year survival cohort was $16,512 US dollars (USD; 95% CI, 16,042 to 17,032) before 2011 and $10,205 USD (95% CI, 4,659 to 12,541) under the fee-for-service reimbursement scheme after 2011. The average annual reimbursement per patient decreased by 136% among high-risk patients. The reduction was also significant for the standard-risk cohort, although the magnitude was substantially smaller (34%). CONCLUSION As Mexico's government is currently restructuring the health system, our study provides evidence of the efficiency and effectiveness of the funding mechanism in the Mexican context. It also serves as a proof of concept for using administrative data to evaluate economic performance and quality of care of publicly funded health programs.
Clustering Identifies Subtypes With Different Phenotypic Characteristics in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: van der Ham Kim , Moolhuijsen Loes M E , Brewer Kelly , Sisk Ryan , Dunaif Andrea , Laven Joop S E , Louwers Yvonne V , Visser Jenny A 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Context
Hierarchical clustering (HC) identifies subtypes of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Objective
This work aimed to identify clinically significant subtypes in a PCOS cohort diagnosed with the Rotterdam criteria and to further characterize the distinct subtypes.

Methods
Clustering was performed using the variables body mass index (BMI), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone, insulin, and glucose. Subtype characterization was performed by analyzing the variables estradiol, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, cortisol, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), total follicle count (TFC), lipid profile, and blood pressure. Study participants were girls and women who attended our university hospital for reproductive endocrinology screening between February 1993 and February 2021. In total, 2502 female participants of European ancestry, aged 13 to 45 years with PCOS (according to the Rotterdam criteria), were included. A subset of these (n = 1067) fulfilled the National Institutes of Health criteria (ovulatory dysfunction and hyperandrogenism). Main outcome measures included the identification of distinct PCOS subtypes using cluster analysis. Additional clinical variables associated with these subtypes were assessed.

Results
Metabolic, reproductive, and background PCOS subtypes were identified. In addition to high LH and SHBG levels, the reproductive subtype had the highest TFC and levels of AMH (all P &lt; .001). In addition to high BMI and insulin levels, the metabolic subtype had higher low-density lipoprotein levels and higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure (all P &lt; .001). The background subtype had lower androstenedione levels and features of the other 2 subtypes.

Conclusion
Reproductive and metabolic traits not used for subtyping differed significantly in the subtypes. These findings suggest that the subtypes capture distinct PCOS causal pathways.
Castle & Crook: Necroliberalism and Cartographies of Abandonment in Maquilapolis (City of Factories) and Señorita Extraviada (Missing Young Woman)
Authors: Avila Edward 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
“Castle & Crook” argues that the documentary films Maquilapolis (City of Factories) (dir. Vicky Funari, Sergio De La Torre, Mexico/US, 2006) and Señorita Extraviada (Missing Young Woman) (dir. Lourdes Portillo, Mexico/US, 2001) offer critical insights into the necropolitical dimensions of neoliberal modernization along the US-Mexico border during the post-NAFTA era through the turn of the millennium. Both films represent the intersection of neoliberalism and necropolitics, particularly in terms of the spatial aspects or modalities of necropower that inhere in neoliberal development. Moreover, I refer to this complex and violent assemblage of neoliberalism and necropolitics as “necroliberalism” in order to capture the specific ways in which neoliberal discourses of responsibilization and prudentialism serve to reproduce and maintain necropolitical governing in the Mexico-US border region in the context of transnational political activism.
Robust Parallel Pursuit for Large-Scale Association Network Learning
Authors: Li Wenhui , Zhou Xin , Dong Ruipeng , Zheng Zemin 
Published: May 2024

Sparse reduced-rank regression is an important tool to uncover the large-scale response-predictor association network, as exemplified by modern applications such as the diffusion networks, and recommendation systems. However, the association networks recovered by existing methods are either sensitive to outliers or not scalable under the big data setup. In this paper, we propose a new statistical learning method called robust parallel pursuit (ROP) for joint estimation and outlier detection in large-scale response-predictor association network analysis. The proposed method is scalable in that it transforms the original large-scale network learning problem into a set of sparse unit-rank estimations via factor analysis, thus facilitating an effective parallel pursuit algorithm. Furthermore, we provide comprehensive theoretical guarantees including consistency in parameter estimation, rank selection, and outlier detection, and we conduct an inference procedure to quantify the uncertainty of existence of outliers. Extensive simulation studies and two real-data analyses demonstrate the effectiveness and the scalability of the suggested approach. History: Accepted by Ram Ramesh, Area Editor/Data Science & Machine Learning. Funding: This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China [Grant 2022YFA1008000], Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 72071187, 72091212, 71731010, and 71921001], China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [Grant 2023M733402], and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [Grants WK3470000017, WK2040000027, and WK2040000079]. Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2022.0181 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2022.0181 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
Prosthodontic rehabilitation of patients with stage IV periodontitis
Authors: Shah Mitul , Nansi Rajan 
Published: May 2024

Stage IV Periodontitis is characterized by complex symptoms, including the loss of teeth, occlusal instability/collapse, ridge defects and increased tooth mobility. The management of such issues requires interdisciplinary collaboration to optimise outcomes. This article outlines the key guidelines from the recent EFP clinical practice guidelines on the efficacy of prosthodontic rehabilitation (fixed/removable) in the management of these complex patients. CPD/Clinical Relevance: An understanding of the clinical decision making when considering tooth replacement options in stage IV periodontitis patients is important.
CARTIVA SYNTHETIC CARTILAGE IMPLANT HEMIARTHROPLASTY FOR TREATMENT OF HALLUX RIGIDUS
Authors: Brandao B. , Aljawadi A. , Fox A. , Pillai A. 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesCartiva synthetic cartilage implant (SCI) is licenced for use in management of symptomatic hallux rigidus in several countries including the UK. As for now, there are no independent comparative series for treatment of hallux rigidus utilising polyvinyl alcohol implants.Study design and methodsPatients at a single centre with symptomatic hallux rigidus who underwent Cartiva SCI implant procedure were identified. First metatarsophalangeal joint arthritis was radiographically graded according to the Hattrup and Johnson (HJ) classification. Pre-operative and post-operative patient-reported outcomes were evaluated using the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) activities of daily living subscale and the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOXFQ).Results66 patients (19M, 47F) (43R and 23L) were followed up for an average of 14 months (min=2, max=36). 17 patients suffered from HJ2/moderate arthritis and 49 patients with grade HJ3/severe arthritis. Post-operative mean FAAM scores showed statistically significant improvement (p< 0.0001). Patients reported a 40% increase in functionality during activities of daily living. All 3 MOXFQ Domain scores improved significantly (p< 0.02). The Index score improved by 28 points (p< 0.0001). There was no correlation between length of follow up or age and PROMs (r=0.129). No statistical difference was demonstrated between sexes. However clinically, males and older patients exhibit better outcomes. There was a 89.4% patient satisfaction with the use of Cartiva.ConclusionsOur study shows excellent results with statistically significant improvements in functional outcomes, and promising short-term follow-up with low early revision rates. Pain in particular was significantly reduced. One third of patients developed post-operative stiffness requiring a manipulation under anaesthesia. Patient selection is key. Additional imaging may be required to assess sesamoid osteoarthritis. At 3 years the implant has demonstrated to be safe and efficacious in the management of hallux rigidus. Durability and survivability of the implant will continue to be studied in this cohort.
FIVE-YEAR OUTCOMES AFTER ANKLE FRACTURE FIXATION IN A UK TEACHING HOSPITAL
Authors: Chong H.H. , Banda N. , Hau M. , Rai P. , Mangwani J. 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionAnkle fractures represent approximately 10% of the fracture workload and are projected to increase due to ageing population. We present our 5 years outcome review post-surgical management of ankle fractures in a large UK Trauma unit.MethodsA total of 111 consecutive patients treated for an unstable ankle fracture were entered into a database and prospectively followed up. Baseline patient characteristics, complications, further intervention including additional surgery, functional status were recorded during five-year follow-up. Pre-injury and post-fixation functional outcome measures at 2-years were assessed using Olerud-Molander Ankle Scores (OMAS) and Lower Extremity Functional Scales (LEFS). A p value < 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsThe mean age was 46 with a male:female ratio of 1:1.1. The distribution of comorbidities was BMI >30 (25%), diabetes (5%), alcohol consumption >20U/week (15%) and smoking (26%). Higher BMI was predictive of worse post-op LEFS score (p = 0.02). Between pre-injury and post fixation functional scores at 2 years, there was a mean reduction of 26.8 (OMAS) and 20.5(LEFS). Using very strict radiological criteria, 31 (28%) had less than anatomical reduction of fracture fragments intra-operatively. This was, however, not predictive of patients' functional outcome in this cohort. Within 5-year period, 22 (20%) patients had removal of metalwork from their ankle, with majority 13 (59%) requiring syndesmotic screw removal. Further interventions included: joint injection (3), deltoid reconstruction (1), arthroscopic debridement (1), superficial sinus excision (2), and conversion to hindfoot nail due to failure of fixation (1). Reduction in OMAS was predictive of patients' ongoing symptoms (p=0.01).ConclusionThere is a significant reduction in functional outcome after ankle fracture fixation and patients should be counselled appropriately. Need for removal of metalwork is higher in patients who require syndesmosis stabilisation with screw(s).
FIBULAR NAILS: IS THIS THE ANSWER TO ANKLE FRACTURE FIXATION?
Authors: Gandham S. , Leong E. , McDonnell S. , Molloy A. , Mason L. , Robinson A. 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionPositive reports from implant designer centres on the use of fibular nails in the complex ankle fractures has resulted in a marked increase in their use nationally. Our aim in this study was to report on the outcomes of the use of all fibular nails in two major trauma centres.MethodsAll patients who underwent ankle fracture fixation using a fibular nail in two major trauma centres, were included for analysis. MTC 1 included patients from April 2013 to May 2015, and MTC 2 included patients February 2015 to March 2018. A minimum follow up of 1 year was achieved for all patients. Radiographic reduction was confirmed by Pettrones criteria at time of operation and at 6 weeks and 1 year post-operatively. Kellgren Lawrence radiographic criteria was used to classify osteoarthritis. All complications and further surgery were recorded.ResultsForty-four patients underwent fibular nail fixation in the two centres. The average age was 59 (range 21–91). Using Pettrones criteria, 86% were malreduced at time of operation. A further 34% deteriorated by at least 1 grade by 6 weeks and an additional 16% (n=7) deteriorated by at least 1 grade by 1 year. 57% had developed radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis by 1 year. Only 4.5% (2ankles) maintained complete reduction by 1 year. Other significant complications were reported in 43% of patients.ConclusionBoth major trauma centres report the same experience in the use of fibular nails for ankle fracture fixation. As previously reported in smaller number studies, initial reduction is challenging. Worryingly, the majority of well-reduced lose position with time. We suggest that the fibula nail is used with caution and as part of an appropriately approved audit.
LATERAL TRANSLIGAMENTOUS APPROACH TO THE TALAR DOME
Authors: Lambert L.-A. , Davies M. , Mangwani J. , Molloy A. , Mason L. 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionAnatomic reduction of talar body fractures is critical in restoring congruency to the talocrural joint. Previous studies have indicated a maximum of 25% talar body exposure without malleolar osteotomy. The aim of this study was to investigate the percentage talar body exposure when using the lateral transligamentous approach.MethodsThe lateral transligamentous approach to the talus was undertaken in 10 fresh frozen cadaveric specimens by surgeons inexperienced in the approach, following demonstration of the technique. An incision was made on the anterolateral aspect of the ankle augmented by the removal of the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) and the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) from their fibular insertions. A bone lever was then placed behind the lateral aspect of the talus and levered forward with the foot in equinus and inversion.The talus was disarticulated and high resolution images were taken of the talar dome surface. The images were overlain with a reproducible nine-grid division. Accessibility to each zone within the grid with a perpendicular surgical blade was documented. ImageJ software was used to calculate the surface area exposed with each approach.ResultsThe mean percentage area of talar dome available through the transligamentous approach was 77.3 % (95% confidence interval 73.3, 81.3). In all specimens the complete lateral talar process was accessible, along with the lateral and dorsomedial aspect of the talar neck. This approach gives complete access to Zones 1,2, 3,5 & 6 with partial access to Zones 4,8 & 9.ConclusionThe lateral transligamentous approach to the talus provides significantly greater access to the talar dome as compared to standard approaches. The residual surface area that is inaccessible with this approach is predominantly within Zone 4 and Zone 7, the posteromedial corner.
Design and optimization of a dual port high gain circularly polarized graphene-ceramic array antenna in a THz regime
Authors: Kumar Kundan , Sadhu Pradip Kumar , Shastri Ravikant , Kumar Brajesh 
Published: May 2024

In this paper, a dual port high gain hybrid (silicon graphene) antenna is designed and
investigated. Some of the important qualities of the proposed
radiating structure include the following: (1) XGBoost and Random
Forest-based machine learning (ML) techniques are applied to predict
the reflection coefficient (|S11|) features of the designed radiator to
reduce the simulation time; (2) the use of a cross slot provides the
circularly polarized waves between 4.92 and 5.38 THz; (3) a 1∗2 array structure produces the high
gain, i.e., 10.0 dBi within the operating frequency
range; and (4) the opposite orientation of the aperture provides a
polarization diversity concept, which, in turn, improves the isolation
level to more than 30 dB. After comparing the results obtained
from CST and HFSS, as well as those predicted from the ML algorithm,
it is confirmed that the designed radiator operates from 4.71 to
5.85 THz. The good value of far-field and diversity parameters
affirms the fitness of the designed radiator for wireless power
transfer in the THz regime.