bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary assessment methods for micronutrient intake in elderly people: a systematic review
Authors: Ortiz-Andrellucchi Adriana , Sánchez-Villegas Almudena , Doreste-Alonso Jorge , de Vries Jeanne , de Groot Lisette , Serra-Majem Lluís 
Published: January 2010

The European micronutrient recommendations aligned (EURRECA) Network of Excellence seeks to establish clear guidelines for assessing the validity of reported micronutrient intakes among vulnerable population groups. A systematic literature review identified studies validating the methodology used in elderly people for measuring usual dietary micronutrient intake. The quality of each validation study selected was assessed using a EURRECA-developed scoring system. The validation studies were categorised according to whether the reference method applied reflected short-term intake ( < 7 d), long-term intake ( ≥ 7 d) or used biomarkers (BM). A correlation coefficient for each micronutrient was calculated from the mean of the correlation coefficients from each study weighted by the quality of the study. Thirty-three papers were selected, which included the validation of twenty-five different FFQ, six diet histories (DH), one 24-h recall (24HR) and a videotaped dietary assessment method. A total of five publications analysed BM, which were used to validate four FFQ, and one 24HR, presenting very good correlations only for vitamin E. The analysis of weighted correlation coefficients classified by FFQ or DH showed that most of the micronutrients had higher correlations when the DH was used as the dietary method. Comparing only FFQ results showed very good correlations for measuring short-term intakes of riboflavin and thiamin and long-term intakes of P and Mg. When frequency methods are used for assessing micronutrient intake, the inclusion of dietary supplements improves their reliability for most micronutrients.
Glycaemic index of Indian flatbreads (rotis) prepared using whole wheat flour and ‘atta mix’-added whole wheat flour
Authors: Radhika Ganesan , Sumathi Chandhrasekar , Ganesan Anbazhagan , Sudha Vasudevan , Jeya Kumar Henry Christiani , Mohan Viswanathan 
Published: January 2010

To compare the glycaemic index (GI) of newly developed ‘atta mix’ roti with whole wheat flour roti. Eighteen healthy non-diabetic subjects consumed 50 g available carbohydrate portions of a reference food (glucose) and two test foods (whole wheat flour roti and atta mix roti) in random order after an overnight fast. The reference food was tested on three separate occasions, while the test foods were each tested once. Capillary blood samples were measured from finger-prick samples in fasted subjects ( − 5 and 0 min) and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min from the start of each food. No significant difference was observed between roti prepared from whole wheat flour and atta mix in terms of appearance, texture, flavour, taste or acceptability. For each test food, the incremental area under the curve and GI values were determined. The GI of atta mix roti (27·3 (sem2·2)) was considerably lower than the whole wheat flour roti (45·1 (sem3·5),P < 0·001). Development of foods with lower dietary glycaemic load such as the atta mix roti could help in the prevention and control of diabetes in South Asian populations, which habitually consume very high glycaemic load diets.
The effects of probiotic and conventional yoghurt on lipid profile in women
Authors: Sadrzadeh-Yeganeh Haleh , Elmadfa Ibrahim , Djazayery Abolghasem , Jalali Mahmoud , Heshmat Ramin , Chamary Maryam 
Published: January 2010

Many studies have been done on the hypocholesterolaemic effect of probiotic yoghurt. The results, however, are not conclusive. The aim of the present study was to test the effect of probiotic and conventional yoghurt on the lipid profile in women. In a randomised trial, ninety female volunteers aged 19–49 years were assigned to three groups. Subjects consumed daily 300 g probiotic yoghurt containingLactobacillus acidophilusLa5 andBifidobacterium lactisBb12 or 300 g conventional yoghurt or no yoghurt for 6 weeks. Fasting blood samples, 3 d dietary records and anthropometric measurements were collected at baseline (T1), end of week 3 (T2) and end of week 6 (T3). Lipid profile parameters were determined by enzymic methods. Results showed no significant difference in lipid profile within any group throughout the study. Comparing mean differences (T1 − T3) among the three groups showed: no difference in TAG and LDL-cholesterol, a decrease in cholesterol in both conventional (P < 0·05) and probiotic yoghurt groups (P < 0·005) compared with the control group, a decrease in total:HDL-cholesterol ratio for conventional (P < 0·05) and probiotic yoghurt groups (P < 0·001) compared with the control group, and an increase in HDL-cholesterol in the probiotic yoghurt group (P < 0·05) compared with the control group. Positive changes in lipid profile were observed in both yoghurt groups. Any added effect, therefore, is due to the consumption of fermented milk products.
The New Life Movement in Jiangxi Province, 1934–1938
Authors: FERLANTI FEDERICA 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis paper discusses the origins and the implementation of the New Life Movement (NLM) in the Jiangxi Province between 1934 and 1938. Based upon primary sources produced during this period, it explores how the Nationalist Party utilised the NLM for the purposes of national reconstruction and social mobilisation. The first section analyses how elements of anti-communism, Christianity and state Confucianism came into play in the NLM; the second section analyses how the Nationalists reinforced the idea of ‘hygienic modernity’ by projecting it into the realms of state building and mass mobilisation; the third section discusses the changes introduced in society by the Nationalists with the creation of semi-governmental organisations; and the fourth section examines the involvement of the NLM with preparation for the war against Japan (1937–1945). The paper argues that the NLM had a lasting impact on Chinese society, and it contributed to shape citizenship and national identity.
Early Numerical Analysis in Kepler's New Astronomy
Authors: Thorvaldsen Steinar 
Published: January 2010

ArgumentJohannes Kepler published hisAstronomia novain 1609, based upon a huge amount of computations. The aim of this paper is to show that Kepler's new astronomy was grounded on methods from numerical analysis. In his research he applied and improved methods that required iterative calculations, and he developed precompiled mathematical tables to solve the problems, including a transcendental equation. Kepler was aware of the shortcomings of his novel methods, and called for a new Apollonius to offer a formal mathematical deduction. He was also in great need of computational power, and his friend and colleague, Wilhelm Schickard, constructed the first prototype of a true mechanical calculator, although it never came into regular use. The article concludes that Kepler's new astronomy was clearly backed up by numerical methods and embedded concepts and challenges of great importance for the future development of numerical analysis.
A Social History of the “Galois Affair” at the Paris Academy of Sciences (1831)
Authors: Ehrhardt Caroline 
Published: January 2010

ArgumentThis article offers a social history of the “Galois Affair,” which arose in 1831 when the French Academy of Sciences decided to reject a paper presented by an aspiring mathematician, Évariste Galois. In order to historicize the meaning of Galois's work at the time he tried to earn recognition for his research on the algebraic solution of equations, this paper explores two interrelated questions. First, it analyzes scholarly algebraic practices and the way mathematicians were trained in the nineteenth century to reconstruct the scientific meaning of Galois's research. By emphasizing the historically contingent nature of scientific debates, the paper argues that to historicize the work of a mathematician, we must historicize the scientific world as well. The second part of this article goes further to seek a fresh perspective on Galois's short career by analyzing the cultural, social, and institutional dynamics that governed how the mathematical community came to recognize an aspiring mathematician as one of its own.
R9AP stabilizes RGS11-Gβ5 and accelerates the early light response of ON-bipolar cells
Authors: JEFFREY BRETT G. , MORGANS CATHERINE W. , PUTHUSSERY THERESA , WENSEL THEODORE G. , BURKE NEAL S. , BROWN R. LANE , DUVOISIN ROBERT M. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe rate-limiting step in the recovery of the photoreceptor light response is the hydrolysis of GTP by transducin, a reaction that is accelerated by the RGS9–Gβ5 complex, and its membrane anchor, R9AP. Similar complexes, including RGS7, RGS11, and Gβ5, are found in retinal ON-bipolar cell dendrites. Here, we present evidence that R9AP is also expressed in the dendritic tips of ON-bipolar cells. Immunofluorescent staining for R9AP revealed a punctate pattern of labeling in the outer plexiform layer, where it colocalized with mGluR6. In photoreceptors, R9AP is required for proteolytic stability of the entire regulator of G protein signaling complex, and we found that genetic deletion of R9AP also results in a marked reduction in the levels of RGS11 and Gβ5 in the bipolar cell dendrites; the level of RGS7 was unaffected, suggesting the presence of another interaction partner to stabilize RGS7. To determine the effect of R9AP deletion on the response kinetics of ON-bipolar cells, we compared the electroretinogram (ERG) between wild-type and R9AP-deficient mice. The ERG b-wave, reflecting ON-bipolar cell activity, was delayed and larger in the R9AP-deficient mice. Our data indicate that R9AP is required for stable expression of RGS11–Gβ5 in ON-bipolar cell dendrites. Furthermore, they suggest that the RGS11–Gβ5–R9AP complex accelerates the initial ON-bipolar cell response to light.
Parent conflict predicts infants' vagal regulation in social interaction
Authors: Moore Ginger A. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractParent conflict during infancy may affect rapidly developing physiological regulation. To examine the association between parent conflict and infants' vagal tone functioning, mothers (N = 48) reported levels of parent conflict and their 6-month-old male and female infants' respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) was measured in the still-face paradigm. Higher parent conflict was related to lower RSA at baseline and each episode of the still-face paradigm. Infants in relatively higher conflict families showed attenuated RSA withdrawal in response to mothers' disengagement and attenuated RSA activation when interacting with mothers. Findings suggest atypical RSA regulation and reliance on self-regulation for infants in families with moderate levels of parent conflict. Implications for later development and future research are discussed.
Imitating actions on objects in early-onset and regressive autism: Effects and implications of task characteristics on performance
Authors: Rogers Sally J. , Young Gregory S. , Cook Ian , Giolzetti Angelo , Ozonoff Sally 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis study was designed to examine the nature of object imitation performance in early autism. We hypothesized that imitation would be relatively preserved when behaviors on objects resulted in salient instrumental effects. We designed tasks in which, in one condition, the motor action resulted in a salient, meaningful effect on an object, whereas in the other condition, the same action resulted in a less salient effect because of differing object characteristics. The motor aspects of the tasks did not vary across conditions. Four participant groups of 2- to 5-year-olds were examined: 17 children with early-onset autism, 24 children with regressive onset autism, 22 children with developmental delays, and 22 children with typical development. Groups were matched on nonverbal skills, and differences in verbal development were examined as a moderator of imitative ability. Results revealed an interaction of group by condition, with the combined autism group failing more tasks than the combined comparison groups, and failing more tasks in the less salient condition than in the more salient condition, as hypothesized. Analyses of autism subgroups revealed these effects were primarily because of the regression onset group. Accuracy of motor performance was examined by analyzing errors. Among children passing imitative acts, there were no group differences and no condition effects in the number, type, or pattern of performance errors. Among children passing the tasks, the group with autism did not demonstrate more emulation errors (imitating the goal but not the means) than other groups. There was no evidence that either motor or attentional aspects of the tasks contributed to the poorer imitative performance of the children with autism.
Predictors and sequelae of trajectories of physical aggression in school-age boys and girls
Authors: Campbell Susan B. , Spieker Susan , Vandergrift Nathan , Belsky Jay , Burchinal Margaret ,   THE NICHD EARLY CHILD CARE RESEARCH NETWORK
Published: January 2010

AbstractTeacher-rated trajectories of physical aggression in boys and girls from first through sixth grade were examined using data from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. In separate analyses, four trajectories were identified in boys and three in girls. Higher levels of aggression in both boys and girls were related to greater sociodemographic risk and higher maternal harshness in the preschool years; lower levels of observed maternal sensitivity during early childhood also predicted higher trajectories of aggression among girls. Trajectory groups also differed on a range of social and academic adjustment outcomes in sixth grade, with the most aggressive children and even moderately aggressive children evidencing some difficulties in adjustment. Patterns and levels of aggression in boys and girls are discussed as are their predictors and consequences.
Transitioning to adolescence: How changes in child personality and overreactive parenting predict adolescent adjustment problems
Authors: van den Akker Alithe L. , Deković Maja , Prinzie Peter 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe present study examined how changes in child Big Five personality characteristics and overreactive parenting during the transition from childhood to adolescence predict adolescent adjustment problems. The sample included 290 children, aged 8–9 years. At three moments, with 2-year intervals, mothers, fathers, and a teacher reported on the child's personality, and mothers and fathers reported on their parenting behavior. At the third measurement moment, mothers, fathers, and children reported on the child's adjustment problems. Rank-order stability of the personality dimensions and overreactive parenting were high. Univariate latent growth models revealed mean-level decreases for extraversion, conscientiousness, and imagination. Mean levels of benevolence, emotional stability, and overreactive parenting were stable. Multivariate latent growth models revealed that decreases in extraversion and emotional stability predicted internalizing problems, whereas decreases in benevolence, conscientiousness, and emotional stability predicted externalizing problems. Increases in overreactive parenting predicted externalizing, but not internalizing problems. The associations were similar for boys and girls. The results indicate that changes in child personality and overreactive parenting during the transition to adolescence are associated with adolescent adjustment problems. Overall, child personality was more important than overreactive parenting, and children were more likely to “act out” than to “withdraw” in reaction to overreactive parenting.
Attenuation of cortisol across development for victims of sexual abuse
Authors: Trickett Penelope K. , Noll Jennie G. , Susman Elizabeth J. , Shenk Chad E. , Putnam Frank W. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractInconsistencies exist in literature examining hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis activity in children and adults who have experienced childhood abuse. Hence, the extent and manner to which childhood abuse may disrupt HPA axis development is largely unknown. To address these inconsistencies, the developmental course of nonstress cortisol in a long-term longitudinal study was assessed at six time points from childhood through adolescence and into young adulthood to determine whether childhood abuse results in disrupted cortisol activity. Nonstress, morning cortisol was measured in 84 females with confirmed familial sexual abuse and 89 nonabused, comparison females. Although dynamically controlling for co-occurring depression and anxiety, hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) showed that relative to comparison females, the linear trend for abused females was significantly less steep when cortisol was examined across development from age 6 to age 30,t(1, 180) = −2.55,p< .01, indicating attenuation in cortisol activity starting in adolescence with significantly lower levels of cortisol by early adulthood,F(1, 162) = 4.78,p< .01. As a more direct test of the attenuation hypothesis, supplemental HLM analyses of data arrayed by time since the disclosure of abuse indicated that cortisol activity was initially significantly higher,t(1, 425) = 2.18,p< .05, and slopes were significantly less steept(1, 205) = −2.66,p <.01, for abused females. These findings demonstrate how the experience of childhood abuse might disrupt the neurobiology of stress, providing some support for the attenuation hypothesis that victims of abuse may experience cortisol hyposecretion subsequent to a period of heightened secretion.
Parent–child attachment and internalizing symptoms in childhood and adolescence: A review of empirical findings and future directions
Authors: Brumariu Laura E. , Kerns Kathryn A. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the theory and evidence for the links of parent–child attachment with internalizing problems in childhood and adolescence. We address three key questions: (a) how consistent is the evidence that attachment security or insecurity is linked to internalizing symptoms, anxiety, and depression? (b) How consistent is the evidence that specific forms of insecurity are more strongly related to internalizing symptoms, anxiety, and depression than are other forms of insecurity? (c) Are associations with internalizing symptoms, anxiety, and depression consistent for mother–child and father–child attachment? The current findings are consistent with the hypothesis that insecure attachment is associated with the development of internalizing problems. The links between specific insecure attachment patterns and internalizing problems are difficult to evaluate. Father–child and mother–child attachments have a comparable impact, although there are relatively few studies of father–child attachment. No moderators consistently affect these relations. We also propose two models of how attachment insecurity may combine with other factors to lead to anxiety or depression.
‘Hello, we're outrageously punctual’: Front door rituals between friends in Australia and France
Authors: BÉAL CHRISTINE , TRAVERSO VÉRONIQUE 
Published: January 2010

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a comparative analysis of Australian and French social visits between friends from an interactional perspective. The study focuses on the first few exchanges that take place as the guests come face to face with their host and are ushered in across the threshold and shows similarities, but also significant differences, in the three main elements that are regularly used in these ‘crossing the threshold’ exchanges: greetings, miscellaneous comments (on setting, arrival time, etc), and laughter.
Un même code éthique: deux univers de travail différents
Authors: TRÉGUER-FELTEN GENEVIÈVE 
Published: January 2010

ABSTRACTCet article propose une analyse de discours contrastive des documents professionnels qu'une entreprise multinationale adresse à son personnel en deux versions linguistiques différentes (anglais-américain et français) de statut égal. Produits au terme d'un processus collectif complexe (écriture en anglaislingua francaet ‘bi-textes’) visant à en faire des documents identiques, ces Principes d'Action révèlent pourtant des dissemblances. On en cherche la cohérence en croisant les analyses énonciative, sémantique et linguistique des diverses catégories sur lesquelles reposent les différences, avant de conclure à une représentation d'univers de travail distincts dans lesquels, entre autres, l'autorité s'exerce différemment, notamment en fonction des sujets concernés. On s'interroge, pour finir, sur les liens entre les univers de travail représentés et la culture des sociétés concernées.
Pragmatique culturelle et traduction de la comédie de répertoire (du français à l'italien)
Authors: DUFIET JEAN-PAUL 
Published: January 2010

ABSTRACTLa traduction de la comédie de répertoire distingue la tendance archaïsante, qui conserve la forme et la culture originelles du texte dans la version L2, et la tendance modernisante, qui, pour satisfaire la communication contemporaine, accommode les différents niveaux du texte au destinataire L2. Dans trois traductions italiennes contemporaines deLe malade imaginaire, on a constaté que l'orientation archaïsante domine. Cependant, l'opposition stricte des deux tendances est fréquemment dépassée, car la traduction de la comédie veut surtout conserver ses effets pragmatiques sur le spectateur. Il n'est donc pas rare que le texte traduit mélange les procédés indépendamment de son orientation générale.
Developing waist-to-height ratio cut-offs to define overweight and obesity in children and adolescents
Authors: Nambiar Smita , Hughes Ian , Davies Peter SW 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectiveThe waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) assesses abdominal adiposity and has been proposed to be of greater value in predicting obesity-related cardiovascular health risks in children than BMI. The present study aims to develop WHtR cut-offs for overweight and obesity based on the 85th and 95th percentiles for the percentage body fat (%BF) in a cohort of children and adolescents.DesignWaist circumference (WC), height, triceps and subscapular skinfolds were used to calculate WHtR and %BF. Correlations between WHtR and %BF and WHtR/mid-abdominal skinfold were made. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to select WHtR cut-offs to define overweight and obesity. Subjects were grouped by WHtR cut-offs, and mean values for anthropometry, blood lipids and blood pressure (BP) variables were compared.SettingAustralian primary and secondary schools.SubjectsA total of 2773 male (M) and female (F) subjects of the 1985 Australian Health and Fitness Survey, aged 8–16 years.ResultsCorrelation coefficients between WHtR and %BF were M:r= 0·73, F:r= 0·60,P< 0·01 and WHtR/mid-abdominal skinfold were M:r= 0·78, F:r= 0·65,P< 0·01. WHtR of 0·46(M) and 0·45(F) best identified subjects with ≥85th percentile for %BF and 0·48(M) and 0·47(F) identified subjects with ≥95th percentile for %BF. When comparing the highest WHtR group to the lowest, both sexes had significantly higher means for weight, WC, %BF, TG (male subjects only), systolic BP (female subjects only) and lower means for HDL cholesterol (P< 0·05).ConclusionsWHtR is useful in clinical and population health as it identifies children with higher %BF at greater risk of developing weight-related CVD at an earlier age.