bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radical bound for Zaremba's conjecture
Authors: Shulga Nikita 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFamous Zaremba's conjecture (1971) states that for each positive integer , there exists a positive integer , coprime to , such that if you expand a fraction into a continued fraction , all of the coefficients ’s are bounded by some absolute constant , independent of . Zaremba conjectured that this should hold for . In 1986, Niederreiter proved Zaremba's conjecture for numbers of the form with and for with . In this paper, we prove that for each number , there exists , coprime to , such that all of the partial quotients in the continued fraction of are bounded by , where is the radical of an integer number, that is, the product of all distinct prime numbers dividing . In particular, this means that Zaremba's conjecture holds for numbers of the form with , generalizing Neiderreiter's result. Our result also improves upon the recent result by Moshchevitin, Murphy and Shkredov on numbers of the form , where is an arbitrary prime and is sufficiently large.
Outer billiards in the spaces of oriented geodesics of the three‐dimensional space forms
Authors: Godoy Yamile , Harrison Michael , Salvai Marcos 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLet be the three‐dimensional space form of constant curvature , that is, Euclidean space , the sphere , or hyperbolic space . Let be a smooth, closed, strictly convex surface in . We define an outer billiard map on the four‐dimensional space of oriented complete geodesics of , for which the billiard table is the subset of consisting of all oriented geodesics not intersecting . We show that is a diffeomorphism when is quadratically convex. For , has a Kähler structure associated with the Killing form of . We prove that is a symplectomorphism with respect to its fundamental form and that can be obtained as an analogue to the construction of Tabachnikov of the outer billiard in defined in terms of the standard symplectic structure. We show that does not preserve the fundamental symplectic form on associated with the cross product on , for . We initiate the dynamical study of this outer billiard in the hyperbolic case by introducing and discussing a notion of holonomy for periodic points.
Harnessing innovation to help meet the needs of elders: field testing an electronic tool to streamline geriatric assessments across healthcare settings
Authors: Adler Limor , Radomyslsky Zorian , Mizrahi Reuveni Miri , Schejter Eduardo , Yehoshua Ilan , Segal Yakov , Kivity Sara , Naimi Etti , Saban Mor 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundAs populations age globally, effectively managing geriatric health poses challenges for primary care. Comprehensive geriatric assessments (CGAs) aim to address these challenges through multidisciplinary screening and coordinated care planning. However, most CGA tools and workflows have not been optimised for routine primary care delivery.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of a computerised CGA tool, called the Golden Age Visit, implemented in primary care in Israel.MethodsThis study employed a quasiexperimental mixed-methods design to evaluate outcomes associated with the Golden Age electronic health assessment tool. Quantitative analysis used electronic medical records data from Maccabi Healthcare Services, the second largest health management organisation (HMO) in Israel. Patients aged 75 and older were included in analyses from January 2017 to December 2019 and January 2021 to December 2022. For patients, data were also collected on controls who did not participate in the Golden Age Visit programme during the same time period, to allow for comparison of outcomes. For physicians, qualitative data were collected via surveys and interviews with primary care physicians who used the Golden Age Visit SMARTEST e-assessment tool.ResultsA total of 9022 community-dwelling adults aged 75 and older were included in the study: 1421 patients received a Golden Age Visit CGA (intervention group), and 7601 patients did not receive the assessment (control group). After CGAs, diagnosis rates increased significantly for neuropsychiatric conditions and falls. Referrals to physiotherapy, occupational therapy, dietetics and geriatric outpatient clinics also rose substantially. However, no differences were found in rates of hip fracture or relocation to long-term care between groups. Surveys among physicians (n=151) found high satisfaction with the programme.ConclusionImplementation of a large-scale primary care CGA programme was associated with improved diagnosis and management of geriatric conditions. Physicians were also satisfied, suggesting good uptake and feasibility within usual care. Further high-quality studies are still needed but these results provide real-world support for proactively addressing geriatric health needs through structured screening models.
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Cardiotoxicity: A Comparative Meta‐Analysis of Observational Studies and Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Sharma Akash , Alexander Grace , Chu Jian H. , Markopoulos Artemis , Maloul Gilgamish , Ayub Muhammad Talha , Fidler Mary J. , Okwuosa Tochukwu M. 
Published: May 2024

Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have uncommon associations with cardiotoxicity, yet these cardiotoxic effects are associated with high mortality. An accurate assessment of risk for cardiotoxicity is essential for clinical decision‐making, but data from randomized controlled trials often differ from real‐world observational studies.

Methods and Results
A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus was performed, including phase II and III randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies (OSs) reporting myocarditis or pericardial disease, myocardial infarction, or stroke with an immunotherapy. Odds ratios (ORs) were used to pool results between ICIs and other cancer therapy in RCTs and OSs. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guideline was followed. In total, 54 RCTs (N=38 264) and 24 OSs (N=12 561 455) were included. In RCTs, ICI use resulted in higher risk of myocarditis (OR, 3.55 [95% CI, 2.10–5.98]), pericardial disease (OR, 2.73 [95% CI, 1.57–4.77]), and myocardial infarction (OR, 1.83 [95% CI, 1.03–3.25]), compared with non‐ICI (placebo or chemotherapy). In OSs, ICI use was not associated with myocarditis, pericardial disease, or myocardial infarction compared with controls; however, combination ICIs demonstrated higher risk of myocarditis compared with single ICI use (OR, 3.07 [95% CI, 1.28–7.39]). Stroke risk was not increased with use of ICIs in RCTs.

Conclusions
We demonstrated increased risk of ICI myocarditis, pericardial disease, and myocardial infarction in RCTs but not OSs. Results of this study suggest there are differences between ICI cardiotoxicity risk, possibly suggesting differences in diagnoses and management, in clinical trials versus the OSs.
Dynamic Mechanism of Cerebral Venous Disruption: Longitudinal Evidence From a Community‐Based Cohort
Authors: Liu Zi‐Yue , Wang Pei , Zhai Fei‐Fei , Ao Dong‐Hui , Han Fei , Li Ming‐Li , Zhou Li‐Xin , Ni Jun , Yao Ming , Zhang Shu‐Yang , Cui Li‐Ying , Jin Zheng‐Yu , Zhu Yi‐Cheng 
Published: May 2024

Background
This study aims to investigate the temporal and spatial patterns of structural brain injury related to deep medullary veins (DMVs) damage.

Methods and Results

This is a longitudinal analysis of the population‐based Shunyi cohort study. Baseline DMVs numbers were identified on susceptibility‐weighted imaging. We assessed vertex‐wise cortex maps and diffusion maps at both baseline and follow‐up using FSL software and the longitudinal FreeSurfer analysis suite. We performed statistical analysis of global measurements and voxel/vertex‐wise analysis to explore the relationship between DMVs number and brain structural measurements. A total of 977 participants were included in the baseline, of whom 544 completed the follow‐up magnetic resonance imaging (age 54.97±7.83 years, 32% men, mean interval 5.56±0.47 years). A lower number of DMVs was associated with a faster disruption of white matter microstructural integrity, presented by increased mean diffusivity and radial diffusion (β=0.0001 and SE=0.0001 for both,
P
=0.04 and 0.03, respectively), in extensive deep white matter (threshold‐free cluster enhancement
P
<0.05, adjusted for age and sex). Of particular interest, we found a bidirectional trend association between DMVs number and change in brain volumes. Specifically, participants with mild DMVs disruption showed greater cortical enlargement, whereas those with severe disruption exhibited more significant brain atrophy, primarily involving clusters in the frontal and parietal lobes (multiple comparison corrected
P
<0.05, adjusted for age, sex, and total intracranial volume).

Conclusions
Our findings posed the dynamic pattern of brain parenchymal lesions related to DMVs injury, shedding light on the interactions and chronological roles of various pathological mechanisms.
Optimization of energy absorption and vibration behaviour of TPMS Schwarz P and Schoen Gyroid lattice structures using Taguchi L9 orthogonal array
Authors: Sathishkumar N. , Kumar K.M. , Selvam R. , Udayakumar A.S.M. 
Published: May 2024

In this study, the optimization of printing parameters in fused deposition modeling (FDM) is addressed, focusing on their impact on energy absorption and vibration behaviour of triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) lattice structures, specifically Pseudo-periodic-based Schwarz P and Schoen Gyroid designs. The experimental design employs a Taguchi L9 orthogonal array involving layer height (0.15 mm, 0.30 mm, 0.45 mm), build orientation (0°, 45°, 90°), and extruder temperature (190°C, 200°C, 210°C) as inputs. These lattice structures are generated through Math Mod and simulated using Blender, with Autodesk Mesh mixer refining the STL file. The lattice fabrication employs PLA (polylactic acid). Comparative analysis is conducted against a high-density solid structure lacking lattice design. Optimal parameters for Schwarz P lattice are found to be 0.45 mm layer height, 0° build orientation, and 200°C extruder temperature, while for Schoen Gyroid lattice, 0.30 mm layer height, 0° build orientation, and 210°C extruder temperature. Solid structure optimization yields 0.30 mm layer height, 90° build orientation, and 190°C extruder temperature. Solid structures outperform Schwarz-P and Schoen-Gyroid in energy absorption and vibration behaviour, with Schwarz P showing superior properties over Schoen Gyroid.
Activity-Dependent Compensation at the Hip and Ankle at 8 Years After the Reconstruction of Isolated and Combined Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries
Authors: Agres Alison N. , Brisson Nicholas M. , Duda Georg N. , Jung Tobias M. 
Published: May 2024

Background: After posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (PCLR), functional deficits at the knee can persist. It remains unclear if neighboring joints compensate for the knee during demanding activities of daily living. Purpose: To assess long-term alterations in lower limb mechanics in patients after PCLR. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: A total of 28 patients who had undergone single-bundle unilateral isolated or combined PCLR performed stair navigation, squat, sit-to-stand, and stand-to-sit tasks at 8.2 ± 2.2 years after surgery. Motion capture and force plates were used to collect kinematic and kinetic data. Then, 3-dimensional hip, knee, and ankle kinematic data of the reconstructed limb were compared with those of the contralateral limb using statistical parametric mapping. Results: Side-to-side differences at the knee were primarily found during upward-driven movements at 8 years after surgery. The reconstructed knee exhibited lower internal rotation during the initial loading phase of stair ascent versus the contralateral knee ( P = .005). During the sit-to-stand task, higher flexion angles during the midcycle ( P = .017) and lower external rotation angles ( P = .049) were found in the reconstructed knee; sagittal knee ( P = .001) and hip ( P = .016) moments were lower in the reconstructed limb than the contralateral limb. In downward-driven movements, side-to-side differences were minimal at the knee but prominent at the ankle and hip: during stair descent, the reconstructed ankle exhibited lower dorsiflexion and lower external rotation during the midcycle versus the contralateral ankle ( P = .006 and P = .040, respectively). Frontal hip moments in the reconstructed limb were higher than those in the contralateral limb during the stand-to-sit task ( P = .010); during squats, sagittal hip angles in the reconstructed limb were higher than those in the contralateral limb ( P < .001). Conclusion: Patients after PCLR exhibited compensations at the hip and ankle during downward-driven movements, such as stair descent, squats, and stand-to-sit. Conversely, residual long-term side-to-side differences at the knee were detected during upward-driven movements such as stair ascent and sit-to-stand. Clinical Relevance: After PCLR, side-to-side differences in biomechanical function were activity-dependent and occurred either at the knee or neighboring joints. When referring to the contralateral limb to assess knee function in the reconstructed limb, concentric, upward-driven movements should be prioritized. Compensations at the hip and ankle during downward-driven movements lead to biases in long-term functional assessments.
Universal Sexual Violence Intervention Effects in a Cluster-Randomized Trial: Moderation by Sexual Orientation
Authors: Coulter Robert W. S. , Gartner Rachel E. , Cramer Casey , Smith Emil K. , Abebe Kaleab Z. , Miller Elizabeth 
Published: May 2024

Sexual minority (e.g., gay/lesbian, bisexual, and queer) students are more likely than their heterosexual peers to experience sexual violence (SV) during college. Interventions that prevent SV and improve SV care-seeking behaviors for sexual minority students are lacking. Giving Information for Trauma Support and Safety (GIFTSS) is an evidence-based universal SV intervention implemented by providers during college health and counseling visits. Compared to controls, GIFTSS participants reported greater self-efficacy to use SV harm reduction strategies and SV disclosure during clinical visits. However, GIFTSS’ effectiveness for sexual minority participants is unknown. The current study examines whether sexual orientation moderates GIFTSS’ effects on numerous SV-related outcomes (i.e., to test whether intervention effects at 4 and 12 months differed based on sexual orientation). Across 28 college campuses in Pennsylvania and West Virginia, 2,291 students participated in a two-arm cluster-randomized controlled trial. We used mixed models with two- and three-way interaction terms to test whether sexual orientation modified GIFTSS’ effects at 4- and 12-month follow-up on participants’: SV recognition; knowledge of and self-efficacy to enact SV harm reduction strategies; intentions to intervene; knowledge of and self-efficacy to use SV-related services; SV disclosure during visits; and recent SV exposure. Overall, 22.1% of participants were sexual minorities ( n = 507). Sexual orientation moderated GIFTSS effectiveness as indicated by significant three-way interaction ( p = .01) at 12-month follow-up, and knowledge of SV services decreased for heterosexual participants (β = −.23) but increased for sexual minority participants (β = .23). Our study indicates that universal provider-based education may promote greater knowledge of SV services among sexual minority than heterosexual participants, and population-specific interventions are needed that reduce sexual minority students’ SV exposure, service utilization, and other critical aspects of SV prevention on university campuses. Clinical Trial Registration: Registry name: College Health Center-based Alcohol and Sexual Violence Intervention (GIFTSS), Registration number: NCT02355470, Web link: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02355470 , Deidentified individual participant data will not be made available.
Epidemiology of Injury and Illness in North American Professional Men’s Soccer: Comparing COVID-19 Lockdown With Previous Seasons
Authors: Hardin Stacey , Silverman Richard , Brophy Robert , Putukian Margot , Silvers-Granelli Holly 
Published: May 2024

Background: After COVID-19 lockdown, studies across Europe and Asia examined its effect on professional soccer injury rates and severity; however, COVID-19 lockdown influence on injuries in United States men’s professional soccer has not been evaluated. Hypothesis: Injury and illness rates during the 2020 season were higher than the previous 2 seasons. Study Design: Retrospective observational cohort study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Medical staff from participating Major League Soccer (MLS) clubs entered injuries and athletic exposures during the study period into a league-wide electronic medical record system. Injury rate and severity were analyzed to examine differentials between the 2020 COVID season and historical controls. Results: The injury incidence rate per 1000 hours in 2020 was 10.8, ie, higher than 2018 (5.4) and 2019 (5.0) ( P < 0.05). Training injury incidence rate increased in 2020 (8.9) compared with 2018 (2.5) and 2019 (2.6) ( P < 0.05), whereas match injury incidence decreased in 2020 (18.3) compared with 2018 (24.0) and 2019 (22.7) ( P < 0.05). Incidence rates of lower extremity muscle injuries (6.04), anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries (0.17), and concussions (0.49) were also higher in 2020 compared with 2018 (2.5, 0.07, 0.27) and 2019 (2.36, 0.05, 0.22) ( P < 0.05). More injured players in 2020 missed >90 days (17.7%) than in 2018 (10.2%) and 2019 (10.1%) ( P < 0.05). Incidence of all non-COVID-19 illness was higher in 2020 (3.93) than 2018 (1.53) and 2019 (1.32) ( P < 0.05). Conclusions: During 2020, there were significant increases in incidence rates of overall injuries, training injuries, lower extremity muscular injuries, ACL injuries, concussions, and non-COVID illness, along with a higher percentage of players missing >90 days compared with the 2 previous seasons. Clinical Relevance: These results may help clarify the effects of future MLS inseason work stoppages and periods of restricted training.
Real-world non-interventional post-authorization safety study of long-term use of burosumab in children and adolescents with X-linked hypophosphatemia: first interim analysis
Authors: Boot Annemieke M. , Ariceta Gema , Beck-Nielsen Signe Sparre , Brandi Maria Luisa , Briot Karine , Collantes Carmen de Lucas , Giannini Sandro , Haffner Dieter , Keen Richard , Levtchenko Elena , Mughal M. Zulf , Mӓkitie Outi , Nilsson Ola , Schnabel Dirk , Tripto-Shkolnik Liana , Zillikens M. Carola , Liu Jonathan , Tudor Alina , Emma Francesco 
Published: May 2024

Background: X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a rare, progressive disorder characterized by excess fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), causing renal phosphate-wasting and impaired active vitamin D synthesis. Burosumab is a recombinant human monoclonal antibody that inhibits FGF23, restoring patient serum phosphate levels. Safety data on long-term burosumab treatment are currently limited. Objectives: This post-authorization safety study (PASS) aims to monitor long-term safety outcomes in children and adolescents (1–17 years) treated with burosumab for XLH. This first interim analysis reports the initial PASS safety outcomes. Design: A 10-year retrospective and prospective cohort study. Methods: This PASS utilizes International XLH Registry (NCT03193476) data, which includes standard diagnostic and monitoring practice data at participating European centers. Results: At data cut-off (13 May 2021), 647 participants were included in the International XLH Registry; 367 were receiving burosumab, of which 67 provided consent to be included in the PASS. Mean (SD) follow-up time was 2.2 (1.0) years. Mean (SD) age was 7.3 (4.3) years (range 1.0–17.5 years). Mean duration of burosumab exposure was 29.7 (25.0) months. Overall, 25/67 participants (37.3%) experienced ⩾1 adverse event (AE) during follow-up; 83 AEs were reported. There were no deaths, no AEs leading to treatment withdrawal, nor serious AEs related to treatment. The most frequently reported AEs were classified as ‘musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders’, with ‘pain in extremity’ most frequently reported, followed by ‘infections and infestations’, with ‘tooth abscess’ the most frequently reported. Conclusion: In this first interim analysis of the PASS, covering the initial 2 years of data collection, the safety profile of burosumab is consistent with previously reported safety data. The PASS will provide long-term safety data over its 10-year duration for healthcare providers and participants with XLH that contribute to improvements in the knowledge of burosumab safety. Trial registration: European Union electronic Register of Post-Authorisation Studies: EUPAS32190.
Mapping the Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy Research Landscape: Topic Modeling of the Literature
Authors: Karabacak Mert , Jagtiani Pemla , Zipser Carl Moritz , Tetreault Lindsay , Davies Benjamin , Margetis Konstantinos 
Published: May 2024

Study Design Topic modeling of literature. Objectives Our study has 2 goals: (i) to clarify key themes in degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) research, and (ii) to evaluate the current trends in the popularity or decline of these topics. Additionally, we aim to highlight the potential of natural language processing (NLP) in facilitating research syntheses. Methods Documents were retrieved from Scopus, preprocessed, and modeled using BERTopic, an NLP-based topic modeling method. We specified a minimum topic size of 25 documents and 50 words per topic. After the models were trained, they generated a list of topics and corresponding representative documents. We utilized linear regression models to examine trends within the identified topics. In this context, topics exhibiting increasing linear slopes were categorized as “hot topics,” while those with decreasing slopes were categorized as “cold topics”. Results Our analysis retrieved 3510 documents that were classified into 21 different topics. The 3 most frequently occurring topics were “OPLL” (ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament), “Anterior Fusion,” and “Surgical Outcomes.” Trend analysis revealed the hottest topics of the decade to be “Animal Models,” “DCM in the Elderly,” and “Posterior Decompression” while “Morphometric Analyses,” “Questionnaires,” and “MEP and SSEP” were identified as being the coldest topics. Conclusions Our NLP methodology conducted a thorough and detailed analysis of DCM research, uncovering valuable insights into research trends that were otherwise difficult to discern using traditional techniques. The results provide valuable guidance for future research directions, policy considerations, and identification of emerging trends.