bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electroconvulsive therapy in the maintenance phase of psychotic unipolar depression
Authors: Al‐Wandi Ahmed , Landén Mikael , Nordenskjöld Axel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether the rates of readmissions and suicide vary in psychotic unipolar depression based on whether patients receive maintenance electroconvulsive therapy (M‐ECT) following the initial series of ECT, and to examine if there is an age‐dependent association.MethodsWe used Swedish national registries to identify hospitalized patients with psychotic unipolar depression, treated 2008–2019 who received ECT during their hospital stay. The patients who received subsequent M‐ECT within 14 days after discharge were compared with those who did not. The primary composite outcome was time to readmission due to a psychiatric disorder, suicide attempt, or suicide within 2 years from discharge. Data were analyzed using Cox regression adjusted for previous psychiatric admissions, age, sex, comorbidity, and pharmacological treatment. We also conducted a within‐individual analysis using the sign‐test, with patients having ≥1 hospital episode followed by M‐ECT and ≥1 hospital episode without M‐ECT.ResultsA total of 1873 patients were included, of which 130 received M‐ECT. There was no statistically significant group difference regarding the primary outcome in the whole sample. However, when stratified by age, there was a significant difference in favor of M‐ECT for patients >65 years (adjusted hazard ratio 0.55, 95% confidence interval 0.35–0.87). The within‐individual analysis, including 46 patients, significantly favored M‐ECT.ConclusionM‐ECT was not associated with a differential risk of the composite of readmission and suicide in psychotic depression. Among patients >65 years, M‐ECT was significantly associated with a decreased risk of the outcome. The possibility of residual confounding cannot be excluded.
Factors associated with decreased ovarian reserve in Crohn's disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Foulon Arthur , Richard Nicolas , Guichard Camille , Yzet Clara , Breuval Coraline , Gondry Jean , Cabry‐Goubet Rosalie , Michaud Audrey , Fumery Mathurin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionIt is still unclear whether Crohn's disease (CD) might be associated with diminished ovarian reserve (OvR) and factors influencing anti‐Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels in CD are poorly known.Material and MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive literature search of multiple electronic databases from inception to June 2022 to identify all studies reporting AMH levels or factors associated with diminished OvR in patients with CD.ResultsOf the 48 studies identified in our search, eight (including 418 patients with CD) were finally included. The mean difference (95% confidence interval [CI]) in the AMH level between pooled CD patients and controls was −0.56 (−1.14 to 0.03) (p = 0.06). A history of CD‐related surgery was not associated with a lower OvR (odds ratio, OR [95% CI] 1.34, [0.66–2.7]; p = 0.4). While disease activity and perianal disease seems associated with a low OvR, disease location (L2 vs. L1, OR [95% CI] = 95% CI [0.47–7.4]; p = 0.4) and L3 vs. L1 (OR [95% CI] = 1.44 [0.67–3.12]; p = 0.3), CD medication, and disease behavior were not.ConclusionsOur systematic review and meta‐analysis did not identify a significantly low OvR in patients with CD. Contrary to CD‐related surgery risk factor, active disease was associated lower AMH levels.
Child‐health nurses' experiences from using pictorial support with families within child‐health services in Sweden
Authors: Carlsson Emilia , Hüls Aina , Myrén Disa , Jansson Ann , Larsson AnnaKarin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo gain insight into child‐health nurses' experiences of using pictorial support in health visits within child‐health services.MethodsA qualitative study involving interviews conducted with 17 child‐health nurses in Sweden. The interview data were analysed using content analysis.ResultsThe nurses experienced that pictorial support could facilitate communication with families and increase opportunities for children to participate in child‐health services, although it may come with challenges. This theme can be broken down into three main categories: (1) Pictorial support makes interaction with families clearer and easier and is used in different ways; (2) The design and extensiveness of the pictorial support can create obstacles; and (3) Pictorial support influences children's attitudes towards, and participation in, health visits.ConclusionPictorial support is an important and useful tool in child‐health nurses' own work and improves their communication with children and caregivers during health visits. It can also increase children's participation and help them express themselves. Communicative tools such as pictorial support are very helpful to healthcare professionals striving to offer child‐ and family‐centred care.
Letter: Fibrates may be safe and effective in patients with primary biliary cholangitis and decompensated cirrhosis—Authors' reply
Authors: Burghart Lukas , Hofer Benedikt Silvester , Halilbasic Emina , Simbrunner Benedikt , Staettermayer Albert Friedrich , Trauner Michael , Reiberger Thomas 
Published: May 2024

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Hofer et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17908 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18044.
Population structure and reproductive aspects of Callinectes ornatus (Decapoda: Brachyura) present in the bycatch of shrimp fisheries in northeastern Brazil
Authors: Reis‐Júnior Josafá , da Rosa Leonardo Cruz , Freire Kátia Meirelles Felizola 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study aimed at analysing the population structure and reproductive aspects of Callinectes ornatus present in the bycatch of shrimp fisheries off Sergipe (northeastern Brazil), and at comparing the findings with other regions. Samples were obtained monthly from shrimp trawlers based in the Pirambu municipality (11°S–37°W) from May/2015 to May/2016. Each specimen of C. ornatus was separated, identified and weighed (TW, total weight, g). Carapace length (CL, mm) and width (CW, not including lateral spines, mm) were measured, and the sex and stage of morphological maturity were identified. A total of 403 females and 427 males of C. ornatus were found and analysed. The overall sex ratio did not differ from 1:1. Males were larger and heavier than females. Biometric relations (CL‐CW and TW‐CW) were different between sexes. The size at first morphological maturity (CWm) was 38.20 mm for females and 44.00 mm for males. The reproductive and recruitment periods were continuous, with some peaks throughout the year. Despite C. ornatus being a frequent species in shrimp bycatch, its exploitation status is still unknown.
Long‐term prescribed opioid use after hospitalization or emergency department presentation among opioid naïve adults (2014–2020)—A population‐based descriptive cohort study
Authors: Gillies Malcolm B. , Chidwick Kendal , Bharat Chrianna , Camacho Ximena , Currow David , Gisev Natasa , Degenhardt Louisa , Pearson Sallie‐Anne 
Published: May 2024

AimsThe aim of this work is to describe opioid initiation and long‐term use after emergency department (ED) visits or hospitalizations in New South Wales, Australia, by patient, admission and clinical characteristics.MethodsThis is a population‐based cohort study, including all hospitalizations and ED visits between 2014 and 2020, linked to medicine dispensings, deaths and cancer registrations (Medicines Intelligence Data Platform), among adults with no opioid dispensings in the previous year. Outcome measures were opioid initiations (dispensed within 7 days of discharge) and long‐term use (90 days of continuous exposure, 90–270 days after initiation).ResultsThe cohort included 16 153 096 admissions by 4.2 million opioid‐naïve adults; 39.0% were ED presentations without hospital admission, 16.8% hospital admissions via ED and 44.2% direct hospital admissions. Opioids were initiated post‐discharge for 6.2% of ED, 8.3% of hospital via ED and 10.0% of direct hospital admissions; of these 1.0%, 2.5% and 0.5% progressed to long‐term opioid use, respectively. Initiation was lowest in obstetric admissions without surgery (1.0%), and highest among trauma admissions (25.4%), obstetric admissions with surgical intervention (19.8%) and non‐trauma surgical admissions (12.0%). Long‐term use was highest among medical admissions via ED (3.5%), trauma admissions (2.3%) and ED alone (1.0%). From 2014 to 2020, overall opioid initiations decreased 16% from 8.7% to 7.2%, and long‐term opioid use decreased 33% from 1.3% to 0.8%.ConclusionsBoth opioid initiation and long‐term use decreased over time; however, the higher rates of long‐term use following trauma, and medical admissions via ED, warrant further surveillance. Strategies supporting appropriate prescribing and access to multidisciplinary pain services will facilitate best practice care.
Number sense‐arithmetic link in Grade 1 and Grade 2: A case of fluency
Authors: Ma Mei , Likhanov Maxim , Zhou Xinlin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundRecent research suggested fluent processing as an explanation on why number sense contributes to simple arithmetic tasks—‘Fluency hypothesis’.AimsThe current study investigates whether number sense contributes to such arithmetic tasks when other cognitive factors are controlled for (including those that mediate the link); and whether this contribution varies as a function of participants' individual maths fluency levels.SampleFour hundred and thirty‐seven Chinese schoolchildren (186 females; Mage = 83.49 months) completed a range of cognitive measures in Grade 1 (no previous classroom training) and in Grade 2 (a year later).MethodsNumber sense, arithmetic (addition and subtraction), spatial ability, visuo‐spatial working memory, perception, reaction time, character reading and general intelligence were measured.ResultsOur data showed that the link between number sense and arithmetic was weaker in Grade 1 (Beta = .15 for addition and .06 (ns) for subtraction) compared to Grade 2 (.23–.28), but still persisted in children with no previous maths training. Further, math's performance in Grade 1 did not affect the link between number sense and maths performance in Grade 2.ConclusionOur data extended previous findings by showing that number sense is linked with simple maths task performance even after controlling for multiple cognitive factors. Our results brought some evidence that number sense‐arithmetic link is somewhat sensitive to previous formal maths education. Further research is needed, as the differences in effects between grades were quite small, and arithmetic in Grade 1 did not moderate the link at question in Grade 2.
Canadian cancer trials group LY.17: A randomized phase II study evaluating novel salvage therapy pre‐autologous stem cell transplant in relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma—outcome of rituximab‐dose‐intensive cyclophosphamide, etoposide, cisplatin (R‐DICEP) versus R‐GDP
Authors: Stewart Douglas A. , Kuruvilla John , Lee David , Dudebout Jill J. , Chua Neil , Larouche Jean‐François , Baetz Tara , Shafey Mona , Abdel‐Samad Nizar , Robinson Sue , Fleury Isabelle , Fraser Graeme , Skrabek Pamela , Kukreti Vishal , Kelly Jesse , Hay Annette E. , Shepherd Lois E. , Chen Bingshu E. , Crump Michael 
Published: May 2024

SummaryThe Canadian Cancer Trials Group (CCTG) LY.17 is an ongoing multi‐arm randomized phase II trial evaluating novel salvage therapies compared with R‐GDP (rituximab, gemcitabine, dexamethasone and cisplatin) in autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT)‐eligible patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (RR‐DLBCL). This component of the LY.17 trial evaluated a dose‐intensive chemotherapy approach using a single cycle of inpatient R‐DICEP (rituximab, dose‐intensive cyclophosphamide, etoposide and cisplatin) to achieve both lymphoma response and stem cell mobilization, shortening time to ASCT. This report is the result of the protocol‐specified second interim analysis of the 67 patients who were randomized to either 1 cycle of R‐DICEP or to 3 cycles of R‐GDP. The overall response rate (ORR) was 65.6% for R‐DICEP and 48.6% for R‐GDP. The ASCT rate was 71.9% versus 54.3%, and 1‐year progression‐free survival rate was 42% versus 32%, respectively, for R‐DICEP versus R‐GDP. Although the improvement in ORR for R‐DICEP versus R‐GDP exceeded the pre‐specified 10% threshold to proceed to full accrual of 64 patients/arm, higher rates of grade 3–5 toxicities, and the need for hospitalization led to the decision to stop this arm of the study. CCTG LY.17 will continue to evaluate different salvage regimens that incorporate novel agents.
Treatment options for immune‐related adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Chen Yu Hua , Kovács Tamás , Ferdinandy Péter , Varga Zoltán V. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe immunotherapy revolution with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) started with the clinical use of the first ICI, ipilimumab, in 2011. Since then, the field of ICI therapy has rapidly expanded — with the FDA approval of 10 different ICI drugs so far and their incorporation into the therapeutic regimens of a range of malignancies. While ICIs have shown high anti‐cancer efficacy, they also have characteristic side effects, termed immune‐related adverse events (irAEs). These side effects hinder the therapeutic potential of ICIs and, therefore, finding ways to prevent and treat them is of paramount importance. The current protocols to manage irAEs follow an empirical route of steroid administration and, in more severe cases, ICI withdrawal. However, this approach is not optimal in many cases, as there are often steroid‐refractory irAEs, and there is a potential for corticosteroid use to promote tumour progression. This review surveys the current alternative approaches to the treatments for irAEs, with the goal of summarizing and highlighting the best attempts to treat irAEs, without compromising anti‐tumour immunity and allowing for rechallenge with ICIs after resolution of the irAEs.
Postoperative morbidity following Hartmann's procedure in comparison to anterior resection and abdominoperineal resection for rectal cancer—a population‐based study
Authors: Mariusdottir Elin , Jörgren Fredrik , Lydrup Marie‐Louise , Buchwald Pamela 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimThere is ongoing controversy regarding the extent to which Hartmann's procedure (HP) should be used in rectal cancer treatment. This study was designed to investigate 30‐day postoperative morbidity and mortality following HP, anterior resection (AR) and abdominoperineal resection (APR) for rectal cancer using a national registry.MethodsAll patients operated for rectal cancer, tumour height 5–15 cm, between the years 2010 and 2017, were identified through the Swedish colorectal cancer registry.ResultsA total of 8476 patients were included: 1210 (14%) undergoing HP, 5406 (64%) AR and 1860 (22%) APR. HP was associated with an increased risk of intra‐abdominal infection (OR 1.7, CI 1.26–2.28, P = 0.0004) compared to AR and APR, while APR was related to an increased risk of overall complications (OR 1.18, CI 1.01–1.40, P = 0.040). No significant difference was observed in the rate of reoperations and readmissions between HP, AR and APR, and type of surgical procedure was not a risk factor for 30‐day mortality. Findings from a subgroup analysis of patients with a tumour 5–7 cm from the anal verge revealed that HP was not associated with increased risk for complications or 30‐day mortality.ConclusionsFor patients where AR is not appropriate HP is a valid alternative with a favourable outcome. APR was associated with the highest overall 30‐day complication rate.
Tissue specific stem cell therapy for airway regeneration
Authors: Park Dan Bi , Lee Jae Yoon , Kim Sung Won , Kim Do Hyun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSecondary atrophic rhinitis (AR), a consequence of mucosal damage during nasal surgeries, significantly impairs patient quality of life. The lack of effective, lasting treatments underscores the need for alternative therapeutic strategies. A major impediment in advancing research is the scarcity of studies focused on secondary AR. Our study addresses this gap by developing an animal model that closely mirrors the histopathological changes observed in patients with secondary AR. These changes include squamous metaplasia, goblet cell hyperplasia, submucosal fibrosis, and glandular atrophy. Upon administering human nasal turbinate stem cells embedded in collagen type I hydrogel in these models, we observed ciliary regeneration. This finding suggests the potential therapeutic benefit of this approach. Our animal models not only emulate the clinical manifestations of secondary AR but also serve as valuable tools for evaluating the efficacy of cell‐based biotechnological interventions.
Assessment of immunosuppression induction with basiliximab compared to antithymocyte‐globulin in adult heart transplant patients
Authors: Eberhardt Theresa E. , Kim Daniel H. , Nethersole Shannon , Pearson Glen J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundPatients undergoing heart transplants are at risk of rejection which can have significant morbidity and mortality. Induction immunosuppression at the time of transplant reduces the early risk and has additional benefits. The induction agent of choice within our program was changed from rabbit antithymocyte‐globulin (rATG) to basiliximab, so it was necessary to evaluate whether this had any impact on patient outcomes.ObjectivesOur primary objective was to describe rejection, infection, and other outcomes in adult heart transplant patients at the University of Alberta Hospital in Edmonton, Canada.MethodsThis study was a nonrandomized, retrospective cohort study.ResultsSixty‐three patients were included with median ages 50 years versus 54 years. More female patients received rATG (20% vs. 42.4%). The most common indication for transplant in both cohorts was ICM (63.3% vs. 57.6%). Patients who received rATG had significantly higher PRA (0% vs. 43%, p < .001). Acute rejection episodes were similar between basiliximab and rATG at 3 months (16.7% vs. 15.1%; p = 1.0) and 6‐months (30.0% vs. 18.1%; p = .376). Infections were not statistically different with basiliximab compared to rATG at 3‐months, 43.3% vs. 63.6% and at 6‐months 60.0% vs. 66.7%). There were no fatalities in either group.ConclusionsOur study did not demonstrate differences in rejection with basiliximab compared to rATG. Mortality did not differ, but basiliximab‐treated patients had fewer infections and infection‐related hospitalizations than those treated with rATG. Larger studies with longer durations are needed to more completely describe the differences in rejection and infectious outcomes.
Banff‐based histologic chronicity index is associated with graft failure but has poor interobserver reproducibility
Authors: Lin Wei‐Chou , Wen Mei‐Chin , Hsu Yong‐Chen , Kuo Chien‐Yi , Chen Tai‐Di 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundAntibody‐mediated rejection (AMR) often leads to chronic kidney allograft damage and is a critical cause of allograft failure. The Banff classification, used to diagnose AMR, has become complex and challenging for clinicians. A Banff‐based histologic chronicity index (CI) was recently proposed as a simplified prognostic indicator. Its reliability and reproducibility have not been externally validated.MethodsThis study investigated 71 kidney allograft biopsies diagnosed with AMR. Interobserver reproducibility of the recently proposed CI and its components (cg, cv, ct, and ci) were assessed. The association between CI and allograft failure was analyzed, and CI cut‐off values were evaluated by Cox proportional hazards regression and Kaplan–Meier estimator with log‐rank test.ResultsThe study confirmed the association of CI with allograft failure, but also revealed that the assessment of CI varied between pathologists, impacting its reproducibility as a prognostic tool. Only 49 (69.0%) of the biopsies showed complete agreement on the proposed cut‐off value of CI < 4 or CI ≥ 4. Furthermore, this cut‐off did not reliably stratify allograft failure. Notably, the cg score, which carries significant weight in the CI calculation, had the lowest agreement between observers (kappa = .281).ConclusionsWhile a simplified prognostic indicator for AMR is needed, this study highlights the limitations of CI, particularly its poor interobserver reproducibility. Our findings suggest that clinicians should interpret CI cautiously and consider establishing their own cut‐off values. This study underscores the need to address interobserver reproducibility before CI can be widely adopted for AMR management.
Racial–ethnic differences in liver transplant waitlist outcomes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma before and after recent changes to allocation policy
Authors: Mazur Rafal D. , Cron David C. , Goldberg David S. , Yeh Heidi , Dageforde Leigh Anne 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundIn May 2019, liver transplant (LT) allocation policy changed to limit MELD exception points for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to median MELD at transplant minus three (MMaT‐3). We evaluated this policy's impact on waitlist outcomes for HCC candidates, by race and ethnicity, hypothesizing that the introduction of the MMaT‐3 reduced inequities in waitlist outcomes.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of the Scientific Registry for Transplant Recipients, including all adult LT candidates (N = 10 751) who received HCC exception points from May 17, 2017 to May 18, 2019 (pre‐policy; N = 6627) to May 19, 2019 to March 1, 2021 (post‐policy; N = 4124). We compared incidence of LT and waitlist removal for death or becoming too sick pre‐ and post‐policy for non‐Hispanic White, non‐Hispanic Black, Hispanic/Latinx, and Asian patients using competing risk regression adjusted for candidate characteristics.ResultsOne‐year cumulative incidence of LT decreased significantly pre‐/post‐policy among White (77.4% vs. 64.5%; p < .01) and Black (76.2% vs. 63.1%; p < .01) candidates only, while a 1‐year incidence of death/non‐LT waitlist removal decreased significantly only among Hispanics (13.4% vs. 7.5%; p < .01). After covariate adjustment, the effect of the policy change was a significantly decreased incidence of LT for White (SHR: .63 compared to pre‐policy; p < .001), Black (SHR: .62; p < .001), and Asian (SHR: .68; p = .002), but no change for Hispanic patients. Only Hispanic patients had a significant decrease in death/waitlist removal after the policy change (SHR: .69; p = .04). Compared to White patients in the pre‐policy era, Hispanic (SHR: .88, p < .007) and Asian candidates (SHR: .72; p < .001) had lower unadjusted incidence of LT. This disparity was mitigated in the post‐policy era where Hispanic patients had higher likelihood of LT than Whites (SHR: 1.22; p = .002). For the outcome of death/non‐LT waitlist removal, the only significant difference was a 42% lower incidence of waitlist removal for Asian compared to White patients in the post‐policy era (SHR: .58; p = .03).ConclusionAmong LT recipients with HCC, racial/ethnic subpopulations were differentially affected by the MMAT‐3 policy, resulting in a post‐policy reduction of some of the previous disparities.