bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Altitudinal Impact on Phytochemical Composition and Mycorrhizal Diversity of Taxus Contorta Griff in the Temperate Forest of Shimla District
Authors: Chauhan Saurav , Dhalaria Rajni , Ghoshal Shankharoop , Kanwal K.S. , Verma Rachna 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTTaxus contorta (family Taxaceae) is a native plant of temperate region of western Himalaya. The current study investigated the effect of altitude on the phytochemical composition and mycorrhizal diversity, associated with distribution of T. contorta in Shimla district, Himachal Pradesh, India. Quantitative phytochemical analysis of the leaf extracts indicated that alkaloid levels decreased with altitude, with the highest value in Himri's methanol extracts (72.79 ± 1.08 mg/g) while phenol content increased with altitude, peaking in Nankhari's methanol extracts (118.83 ± 5.90 mg/g). Saponin content was higher in methanol extracts (78.13 ± 1.66 mg/g in Nankhari, 68.06 ± 1.92 mg/g in Pabbas, and 56.32 ± 1.93 mg/g in Himri). Flavonoid levels were notably higher in chloroform extracts, particularly in Nankhari (219.97 ± 2.99 mg/g), and positively correlated with altitude. Terpenoids were higher in chloroform extracts at Himri (11.34 ± 0.10 mg/g) and decreased with altitude. Taxol content showed minimal variation between solvents and altitudes (4.53–6.98 ppm), while rutin was only detected in methanol extracts (1.31–1.46 ppm). Mycorrhizal spore counts in T. contorta's rhizosphere varied with altitude: highest at Himri (77.83 ± 2.20 spores/50 g soil), decreasing to Pabbas (68.06 ± 1.96 spores/50 g soil) and lowest at Nankhari (66.00 ± 2.77 spores/50 g soil), with 17 AMF species identified overall, showing significant altitudinal influence on spore density. The rhizosphere of T. contorta was shown to be dominated by the Glomus species. The rhizospheric soil of the plant was found to be slightly acidic. Organic carbon and available potassium content decreased contrasting with increasing available nitrogen and phosphorus with altitude. Correlation data showed strong negative links between organic carbon (−0.83), moderate positive for nitrogen (0.46) and phosphorus (0.414), and moderate negative for potassium (−0.56) with the altitude. This study provides a comprehensive insight into changes in phytochemical constituents, mycorrhizal diversity and soil composition of T. contorta along a range of altitude.
Bioactive Streptomycetes: A Powerful Tool to Synthesize Diverse Nanoparticles With Multifarious Properties
Authors: Anjum Muhammad Sultan , Khaliq Shazia , Ashraf Neelma , Anwar Munir Ahmad , Akhtar Kalsoom 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTNanobiotechnology has gained significant attention due to its capacity to generate substantial benefits through the integration of microbial biotechnology and nanotechnology. Among microbial organisms, Actinomycetes, particularly the prominent genus Streptomycetes, have garnered attention for their prolific production of antibiotics. Streptomycetes have emerged as pivotal contributors to the discovery of a substantial number of antibiotics and play a dominant role in combating infectious diseases on a global scale. Despite the noteworthy progress achieved through the development and utilization of antibiotics to combat infectious pathogens, the prevalence of infectious diseases remains a prominent cause of mortality worldwide, particularly among the elderly and children. The emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogens has diminished the efficacy of antibiotics in recent decades. Nevertheless, Streptomycetes continue to demonstrate their potential by producing bioactive metabolites for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Streptomycetes are instrumental in producing nanoparticles with diverse bioactive characteristics, including antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and antitumor properties. Biologically synthesized nanoparticles have exhibited a meaningful reduction in the impact of antibiotic resistance, providing resources for the development of new and effective drugs. This review succinctly outlines the significant applications of Streptomycetes as a crucial element in nanoparticle synthesis, showcasing their potential for diverse and enhanced beneficial applications.
Diagnosis and management of eosinophilic esophagitis in children: An update from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN)
Authors: Amil‐Dias Jorge , Oliva Salvatore , Papadopoulou Alexandra , Thomson Mike , Gutiérrez‐Junquera Carolina , Kalach Nicolas , Orel Rok , Auth Marcus Karl‐Heinz , Nijenhuis‐Hendriks Danielle , Strisciuglio Caterina , Bauraind Olivia , Chong Sonny , Ortega Gloria Dominguez , Férnandez Sonia Férnandez , Furman Mark , Garcia‐Puig Roger , Gottrand Frederic , Homan Matjaz , Huysentruyt Koen , Kostovski Aco , Otte Sebastian , Rea Francesca , Roma Eleftheria , Romano Claudio , Tzivinikos Christos , Urbonas Vaidotas , Velde Saskia Vande , Zangen Tsili , Zevit Noam 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionEosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the esophagus characterized by symptoms of esophageal dysfunction and histologically by predominantly eosinophilic infiltration of the squamous epithelium. European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) published a guideline in 2014; however, the rapid evolution of knowledge about pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic options have made an update necessary.MethodsA consensus group of pediatric gastroenterologists from the ESPGHAN Working Group on Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases (ESPGHAN EGID WG) reviewed the recent literature and proposed statements and recommendations on 28 relevant questions about EoE. A comprehensive electronic literature search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases from 2014 to 2022. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system was used to assess the quality of evidence and formulate recommendations.ResultsA total of 52 statements based on the available evidence and 44 consensus‐based recommendations are available. A revision of the diagnostic protocol, options for initial drug treatment, and the new concept of simplified empiric elimination diets are now available. Biologics are becoming a part of the potential armamentarium for refractory EoE, and systemic steroids may be considered as the initial treatment for esophageal strictures before esophageal dilation. The importance and assessment of quality of life and a planned transition to adult medical care are new areas addressed in this guideline.ConclusionResearch in recent years has led to a better understanding of childhood EoE. This guideline incorporates the new findings and provides a practical guide for clinicians treating children diagnosed with EoE.
Preoperative esophagogastroduodenoscopy in pediatric bariatric surgery: A summary of the literature
Authors: Liman Andrew , Koh Linda , Barakat Monique , Abu El Haija Marwa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOur objective was to summarize the available literature on the use of preoperative esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and its impact on management and/or postoperative outcomes in pediatric patients undergoing metabolic and bariatric surgery. We performed a search using PubMed in February 2023 for articles examining EGD and any clinical correlation in pediatric patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Search results were manually reviewed and included in the study if they examined findings of EGD done prior to bariatric surgery and were excluded if they were not primarily done in pediatric or adolescent patients. Our search yielded 549 distinct articles, with a total of four articles remaining after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. All four studies were retrospective. A total of 244 patients were studied, with an age range of 9–25 years. Of the patients whose respective findings were reported, 21/150 patients (14%) had esophagitis, 55/150 (37%) had gastritis, 55/244 (23%) had Helicobacter pylori, and 18/150 (12%) had duodenitis. There were a total of 60 findings that changed medical management, and one that changed surgical management. A high proportion of positive EGD findings that changed medical management was evident, and one study suggested that mucosal inflammation may be a prognostic indicator for postoperative weight loss. However, there is a paucity of data examining the utility of routine EGD prior to bariatric surgery, specifically in pediatric patients, and more studies are therefore needed to construct the evidence basis for guidelines.
The impact of donating milk on the health of milk donors and their infants: A systematic review and meta‐analysis protocol
Authors: Berg Alaina , Rani Uzma , Colaizy Tarah , Smith Abigail , Evans James , Murad Mohammad H. , Bhutta Zulfiqar A. , Imdad Aamer 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesBreast milk is the recommended nutritional source for newborns and has been associated with decreased morbidity in low‐birth‐weight and preterm infants. In situations where breast milk is not available, donor breast milk is an alternative. Milk banking is becoming increasingly common worldwide to meet this need. Although the benefits of donor breast milk for the recipient infant are well established, the health impact on the breast milk donor and the infant of the breast milk donor is an area of current research. We aim to synthesize and evaluate the available evidence regarding the impact of donating breast milk on the health, lactation, and well‐being of the breast milk donor, and the health and growth of the infant of the breast milk donor.MethodsWe will search electronic databases, grey literature, and the websites of relevant international organizations. We will include studies that involve lactating women and their infants, healthy or with health conditions, who donate breast milk, without restrictions on study date, language, or study design. If sufficient homogeneity exists between studies, we will complete meta‐analyses. We will evaluate the risk of bias using the Risk of Bias tool or the Cochrane Risk of Bias in Non‐Randomized Studies tool. We will evaluate the overall certainty of the evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach.ConclusionIn this systematic review and meta‐analysis, we will summarize the current literature regarding the effects of human milk donation on human milk donors and their infants.
SEM/Raman spectroscopy of clathrites as analogs of authigenic carbonates in ocean worlds
Authors: de Dios‐Cubillas Ana , Prieto‐Ballesteros Olga , Nachtnebel Manfred , Fitzek Harald , Schröttner Hartmuth 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThere is evidence from the near‐infrared observations of space missions of the presence of carbonates on the surface of several ocean worlds. However, their genesis remains unresolved. We investigate the hypothesis that these carbonates may be in the form of clathrites assuming that clathrate hydrates are stable phases in the crust and ocean of these ocean worlds. In order to support this, we studied a sample of a potential clathrite from the Hydrate Ridge cold seep (Cascadia Subduction Zone), the carbonate rock fossil of clathrate hydrates, as a terrestrial analogue. We characterised the mineralogy and texture of the sample by using a coupled confocal Raman microscope and scanning electron microscopy instrument with the aim of identifying possible geo‐ and biosignatures, which could be relevant for future missions of exploration to ocean worlds and Mars. Our results show that aragonite is the dominant mineral phase in the clathrite sample, but Mg‐calcite and dolomite were also identified. These three carbonates constitute a pattern related to clathrate hydrate formation and dissociation processes. Dolomite was defined as a biosignature of gas hydrate microbiomes because it was integrated within Mg‐calcite grains precipitated after clathrate hydrate dissociation. Nevertheless, no spectral changes were observed in Raman bands of carbonate minerals that would indicate the influence of clathrate hydrates in their genesis. We also observed that Raman band positions of the associated framboidal pyrites are a characteristic signature of the associated framboid‐like texture because its potential as biosignature may only be attributed by biochemical analysis.
Cultivating young philanthropists: Children, philanthropy and wealth transfer
Authors: Fairbairn Fiona 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article on raising wealthy children to be philanthropic is prompted by the £5.5Tn wealth transfer predicted to take place in the United Kingdom over the coming decades. The impending wealth transfer presents an unprecedented income opportunity for a charity sector faced with increasing societal needs and declining statutory income. Drawing on the premise that engaging children in philanthropic activities can lead to higher participation levels in adulthood, this paper examines how children from wealthy households engage with philanthropy at home and school. A mixed‐methods approach involving research with and not on children is used to explore what kind of philanthropic citizen these children are becoming. Two surveys, five focus groups, and four interviews were used to generate insights from 222 ‘financially secure’ 9 to 11‐year‐old children, 113 parents and four teachers. The study, drawing on models of citizenship, finds a cohort of children exhibiting characteristics aligned with the concept of ‘personally responsible’ philanthropic citizens. This outcome is considered desirable for promoting charitable giving among a demographic likely to have the means and resources to give generously in adulthood. However, the findings suggest a lack of opportunities for children to acquire the knowledge and skills that enable informed giving decisions or the spaces in which to critically engage with charities, causes, and the issues that create the need for philanthropy in the first place. The research supports calls in the literature for a more participatory and social‐justice‐oriented approach to philanthropic education and participation in schools. The findings, of interest to scholars and practitioners alike, address a gap in empirical evidence regarding children and philanthropy in the United Kingdom.
Exploration of the potential of a boosted sterile insect technique to control fruit flies in mango orchards
Authors: Diouf Esther Gnilane , Brévault Thierry , Ndiaye Saliou , Piou Cyril 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDAn innovative version of the sterile insect technique (SIT) for pest control, called boosted SIT, relies on the use of sterile males coated with a biocide to control a target wild pest population of the same species. The objective of the present study was to assess the relevance of such technology to control the fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis and fruit losses in mango orchards using. An agent‐based simulation model named BOOSTIT was used to explore the reduction of fruit losses thank to sterile male fruit flies control and economic benefits according to different strategies of sterile male release. The simulation considered a landscape of 30.25 ha made up of four mango orchards.RESULTSThe SIT and the boosted SIT reduced fruit losses when releases were made before the mango fruiting period. According to model simulations, releases should be performed at least seven times at 2‐week intervals and with a sterile/wild male ratio of at least 10:1. Considering the benefit/cost ratio (BCR), few releases should be done with a late start date. The BCR showed economic gains from the two control methods, the number of saved fruits and BCR being higher for SIT.CONCLUSIONOur simulations showed that SIT would have better results than the boosted SIT to contribute to an effective control of Bactrocera dorsalis at the scale of a small landscape. We highlight the need for laboratory studies of other types of pathogen to find a suitable one with higher incubation time and lower cost. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
A Bigger Picture of Early Literacy and Biliteracy Acquisition in Abugidas: Perspectives from Asian and African Languages
Authors: Lai Jialin , Quinonez‐Beltran Juan F. , Joshi R. Malatesha 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWith the overwhelming “Anglocentric” or “alphabetocentric” science of reading, the current review aimed to add to the science of reading acquisition from the perspective of abugidic writing system, distinct from the well‐research alphabetic writing system in multiple dimensions of orthographic complexity, as proposed by Daniels and Share (2018), such as linguistic distance, spatial arrangement and non‐linearity, and omission of phonological elements. Abugidic writing system is featured with scripts where each base consonant symbol denotes a consonant with an inherent vowel (/a/) and has billions of users in south Asia (e.g., India, Nepal, Sri Lanka), southeast Asia (e.g., Thailand, Laos, Cambodia), east Asia (parts of China) and Africa (Ethiopia and Eritrea). The current review describes the orthographic feature of Indic (Brahmi‐derived) and Ethiopic (Ge‘ez) scripts within the abugidic writing system and synthesizes existing findings on the literacy acquisition patterns specific to each script. Further, we elaborate on the multilingual and biscriptal language and literacy environment featured with the abugida‐writing societies and discuss the theoretical implication for considering multilingualism and biscriptality as an inseparable sociolinguistic factor when understanding the literacy acquisition of the abugidic writing system in particular and literacy in general.
Genetic diversity of the critically endangered Blue‐crowned laughingthrush (Garrulax courtoisi)
Authors: Gao Xinghe , Mo Bai , Hu Xiaolong , Liu Tao , Cheng Binbin , Li Minling , Wang Dandan , Xu Yongtao , Zhang Weiwei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo evaluate the genetic quality and provide available management strategies for Blue‐crowned laughingthrush (BCLT), fifteen polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed and applied. The genetic diversity of wild individuals was indicated to be higher than the two captive populations. The average number of alleles (5.50 ± 0.317), the number of effective alleles (3.417 ± 0.222), observed heterozygosity (0.828 ± 0.04), and genetic differentiation index (0.028 ± 0.007) of 64 wild individuals showed high genetic diversity despite drastic bottleneck and low genetic differentiation. The number of effective migrants (22.737 ± 8.318) indicated the intriguing wintering grounds may be surrounded by the breeding sites where the syncheimadia occurred in Wuyuan. Efficient conservation, winter flocking, and cooperative breeding may facilitate gene exchange and inclusive fitness. We recommend that monitoring concentrated distribution areas for BCLT should be strengthened, and geographical barriers, interference types, and the inner mechanism of distribution patterns should be further explored.
Data Platform for a Data-Driven Tourism Organization. A Conceptual Architecture
Authors: Vidal-Gil Juan , Carrasco-González Ramón Alberto , Blasco-López María Francisca 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe tourism sector is one of the sectors that has undergone most changes in recent years due to digital transformation. One of the pillars of this transformation is the management of organizations based on data-driven decision making. The raw material for these data-driven strategies is, of course, the sources of information used, which have changed and grown significantly in recent years. This article attempts to provide a conceptual architecture for a modern data platform that effectively manages and analyses these information sources and facilitates data-driven decision-making in tourism organizations.
Big Data and Business Intelligence in Cruise Destinations
Authors: Espinet Josep Maria , Mulet-Forteza Carles , Ferrer-Rosell Berta 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe aim of this research is to analyse the potential of Big Data and Business Intelligence in cruise destinations. This potentiality is faced from a managerial view management but also from a sustainable view management. Although the cruise industry is very small in relation to all tourism activity, in the places where ships embark/disembark or in the ports of call it has a large economic impact. The study focuses on the challenges and opportunities of big data and Business Intelligence differentiating between ports of embarkation/disembarkation and ports of call. This is conceptual research that makes a set of proposals for the application of Big Data and Business Intelligence based on the information that a cruise destination may have available.
Predictors of the Success of Yacht Charter in Andalusia from a Leading P2P Platform Using Machine Learning
Authors: Jiménez-Jiménez Amor , Sancha Pilar , Martín-Álvarez Juan Manuel , Gessa Ana 
Published: June 2024

AbstractResearch related to the sharing economy in yacht charter is scarce compared to other tourism services such as accommodation, so more contributions are needed. Yacht rental has become essential in the tourist services of coastal destinations, providing important benefits. The vertiginous growth of the boat rental offer hosted on p2p platforms requires analysis, characterization, and search for product patterns that allow a better knowledge of it. The data obtained, based on machine learning techniques, can be used as predictors to detect which products are suitable for the growth and development of the sector in each Andalusian marina. The results provide a relevant contribution to the sector and the enrichment of the literature.
Application of Proknow-C for the Systematic Analysis of Literature on the Influence of Carbon Footprint Reduction Measures on the Choice of Accommodation Reservation
Authors: Haro-Aragu Marina , García-Mestanza Josefa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe tourism sector is directly related to high energy consumption. In this context, measuring the ecological footprint generated by tourism is crucial to address environmental challenges. Hotels play a prominent role in this footprint due to their size and daily operations, which consume large amounts of energy and natural resources. The objective of this research is to analyze the state of the question of the influence of this carbon footprint reduction in tourist accommodation, especially hotels. The method used is based on the application of the Knowledge Development Process—Constructivist (ProKnow-C), providing a structured, rigorous procedure that minimizes the use of randomness and subjectivity in the bibliographic review process, as well as its subsequent analysis in the Bibliometrix program. As results, 7 relevant articles are obtained and aligned with the research topic, making it possible to identify the main approaches proposed by the authors of this bibliographic portfolio in relation to the problem raised. The present research can be used as a guide for the construction of knowledge in a systematic way and provides, both academics and professionals, a better overview to understand the contributions of the carbon footprint in the accommodation reservation, especially hotels. Through the bibliometric analysis, it was possible to identify relevant data from the 7 articles in the final portfolio, such as the main words and their correlation, the main authors, the production of said authors over time, etc., which can be presented as an opportunity for future researchers.