bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ASH1L guards cis-regulatory elements against cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer induction
Authors: Yancoskie Michelle N , Khaleghi Reihaneh , Gururajan Anirvinya , Raghunathan Aadarsh , Gupta Aryan , Diethelm Sarah , Maritz Corina , Sturla Shana J , Krishnan Marimuthu , Naegeli Hanspeter 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The histone methyltransferase ASH1L, first discovered for its role in transcription, has been shown to accelerate the removal of ultraviolet (UV) light-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) by nucleotide excision repair. Previous reports demonstrated that CPD excision is most efficient at transcriptional regulatory elements, including enhancers, relative to other genomic sites. Therefore, we analyzed DNA damage maps in ASH1L-proficient and ASH1L-deficient cells to understand how ASH1L controls enhancer stability. This comparison showed that ASH1L protects enhancer sequences against the induction of CPDs besides stimulating repair activity. ASH1L reduces CPD formation at C–containing but not at TT dinucleotides, and no protection occurs against pyrimidine-(6,4)-pyrimidone photoproducts or cisplatin crosslinks. The diminished CPD induction extends to gene promoters but excludes retrotransposons. This guardian role against CPDs in regulatory elements is associated with the presence of H3K4me3 and H3K27ac histone marks, which are known to interact with the PHD and BRD motifs of ASH1L, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulations identified a DNA-binding AT hook of ASH1L that alters the distance and dihedral angle between neighboring C nucleotides to disfavor dimerization. The loss of this protection results in a higher frequency of C–&gt;T transitions at enhancers of skin cancers carrying ASH1L mutations compared to ASH1L-intact counterparts.
Tuberculosis and Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Anti-TNFα Treatment: Insights From a French Multicenter Study and Systematic Literature Review With Emphasis on Paradoxical Anti-TNFα Resumption
Authors: Amoura Ariane , Frapard Thomas , Treton Xavier , Surgers Laure , Beaugerie Laurent , Lafaurie Matthieu , Gornet Jean Marc , Lepeule Raphaël , Amiot Aurélien , Canouï Etienne , Abitbol Vered , Froissart Antoine , Vidon Mathias , Nguyen Yann , Lefort Agnès , Zarrouk Virginie 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The advent of anti–tumor necrosis factor α (anti-TNFα) has revolutionized the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, susceptibility to active tuberculosis (TB) is associated with this therapy and requires its discontinuation. The risk of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in this population is poorly understood, as is the safety of resuming anti-TNFα.

Methods
This French retrospective study (2010–2022) included all TB cases in patients with IBD who were treated with anti-TNFα in 6 participating centers. A systematic literature review was performed on TB-IRIS and anti-TNFα exposure.

Results
Thirty-six patients were included (median age, 35 years; IQR, 27–48). TB was disseminated in 86% and miliary in 53%. IRIS occurred in 47% after a median 45 days (IQR, 18–80). Most patients with TB-IRIS (93%) had disseminated TB. Miliary TB was associated with IRIS risk in univariate analysis (odds ratio, 7.33; 95% CI, 1.60–42.82; P = .015). Anti-TB treatment was longer in this population (median [IQR], 9 [9–12] vs 6 [6–9] months; P = .049). Anti-TNFα was resumed in 66% after a median 4 months (IQR, 3–10) for IBD activity (76%) or IRIS treatment (24%), with only 1 case of TB relapse. Fifty-two cases of TB-IRIS in patients treated with anti-TNFα were reported in the literature, complicating disseminating TB (85%) after a median 42 days (IQR, 21–90), with 70% requiring anti-inflammatory treatment. Forty cases of TB-IRIS or paradoxical reaction treated with anti-TNFα were also reported. IRIS was neurologic in 64%. Outcome was mostly favorable (93% recovery).

Conclusions
TB with anti-TNFα treatment is often complicated by IRIS of varying severity. Restarting anti-TNFα is a safe and effective strategy.
Mechanical force-activated CD109 on periodontal ligament stem cells governs osteogenesis and osteoclast to promote alveolar bone remodeling
Authors: Li Yang , Li Yi , Liu Chao , Yu Xinyi , Gan Ziqi , Xiang Lusai , Zheng Jinxuan , Meng Bowen , Yu Rongcheng , Chen Xin , Kou Xiaoxing , Cao Yang , Ai Tingting 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Mechanical force-mediated bone remodeling is crucial for various physiological and pathological processes involving multiple factors, including stem cells and the immune response. However, it remains unclear how stem cells respond to mechanical stimuli to modulate the immune microenvironment and subsequent bone remodeling. Here, we found that mechanical force induced increased expression of CD109 on periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) in vitro and in periodontal tissues from the force-induced tooth movement rat model in vivo, accompanied by activated alveolar bone remodeling. Under mechanical force stimulation, CD109 suppressed the osteogenesis capacity of PDLSCs through the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway, whereas it promoted PDLSC-induced osteoclast formation and M1 macrophage polarization through paracrine. Moreover, inhibition of CD109 in vivo by lentivirus-shRNA injection increased the osteogenic activity and bone density in periodontal tissues. On the contrary, it led to decreased osteoclast numbers and pro-inflammatory factor secretion in periodontal tissues and reduced tooth movement. Mechanistically, mechanical force-enhanced CD109 expression via the repression of miR-340-5p. Our findings uncover a CD109-mediated mechanical force response machinery on PDLSCs, which contributes to regulating the immune microenvironment and alveolar bone remodeling during tooth movement.
Reciprocal suppression between TGFβ signaling and TNF stimulation finetunes the macrophage inflammatory response
Authors: Xia Yuhan , Inoue Kazuki , Zheng Ting , Qin Yongli , Zhao Baohong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractInflammation plays a crucial role in the development of various disease conditions or is closely associated with them. Inflammatory cytokines like TNF often engage in interactions with other cytokines and growth factors, including TGFβ, to orchestrate inflammatory process. Basal/endogenous TGFβ signaling is a universal presence, yet the precise way TNF communicates with TGFβ signaling to regulate inflammation and influence inflammatory levels in macrophages has remained elusive. To address this question, this study utilized genetic approaches and a combination of molecular and cellular methods, including conditional TGFβ receptor knockout mice, human cells, RNAseq, ATACseq and Cut & Run‐seq. The results reveal that the TGFβ signaling functions as a vital homeostatic pathway, curtailing uncontrolled inflammation in macrophages in response to TNF. Conversely, TNF employs two previously unrecognized mechanisms to suppress the TGFβ signaling. These mechanisms encompass epigenetic inhibition and RBP‐J‐mediated inhibition of the TGFβ signaling pathway by TNF. These mechanisms empower TNF to diminish the antagonistic influence exerted by the TGFβ signaling pathway, ultimately enhancing TNF's capacity to induce heightened levels of inflammation. This reciprocal suppression dynamic between TNF and the TGFβ signaling pathway holds unique physiopathological significance, as it serves as a crucial “braking” mechanism. The balance between TNF levels and the activity of the endogenous TGFβ signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in determining the overall extent of inflammation. The potential for therapeutically augmenting the TGFβ signaling pathway presents an intriguing avenue for countering the impact of TNF and, consequently, developing innovative strategies for inflammation control.
Scoping Review of Wounds in Hospitalized Adults with COVID-19 Over the First Three Years of the Pandemic
Authors: Bart Jennifer , Phillips Cristina , Bailey Meghan , Dunn Elizabeth C. , Ansell Margaret , DeCarvalho Magali R. , Lyon Debra E. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective
To synthesize the literature on skin failure and pressure injuries among hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Data Sources
An electronic literature search using relevant keywords and controlled vocabulary was conducted in March 2023 on MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL. Manual citation searches of included articles and grey literature, including the Wound, Ostomy, and Continence Nurses Society website were performed. Articles published in English between 2020 and April 2023 were considered.

Study Selection
Articles were included if they reported on COVID-19 positive hospitalized adults with wounds that were not present upon admission. A total of 31 articles met these criteria.

Data Extraction
Covidence was used to extract the data and was reviewed by multiple team members.

Data Synthesis
Of the 31 studies, 27 reported new onset skin lesions during hospitalization. Wounds were classified as pressure injuries, skin failure, livedo racemosea and/or, retiform purpura, and associated with microvascular thrombosisthrombotic vasculopathy. Most pressure injuries were associated with prone position and affected patients often had multiple comorbidities including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, end-stage renal disease, heart disease, and COPD. Four articles highlighted an increased risk of new onset wounds, and three emphasized the importance of distinguishing deep tissue pressure injuries from ischemic-related lesions in patients with COVID-19.

Conclusions
The evidence suggests an increased risk of ischemic lesions and pressure injuries (PI) in patients with COVID-19 infection. This phenomenon may have inflated the numbers of PI during the pandemic and adversely affected nursing quality measures in acute care environments.
An Allergic Reaction in Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Lymphography for Lymphovenous Bypass Surgery
Authors: Rames Jess D. , Tran Nho V. , Hesley Gina K. , Fahradyan Vahe , Lee Christine U. 
Published: June 2024

Summary:
Lymphedema following oncologic intervention can cause significant lifelong morbidity for patients in whom conservative management fails. The associated swelling, discomfort, pain, and recurrent cellulitis greatly diminish quality of life. Surgical procedures, including suction-assisted lipectomy, lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA), and vascularized lymph node transfers, show effectiveness in both volume reduction in affected extremities and symptom relief. However, the success of procedures like LVA is dependent on effective preoperative lymphatic mapping to identify suitable vessels for anastomosis. Traditional superficial lymphatic mapping uses near infrared fluorescence indocyanine green (ICG) imaging. Moreover, recent advances in contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) lymphography increased lymphovenous bypass target identification for LVA in the extremities.7 CEUS lymphography uses microbubbles as a contrast-enhancing agent injected intradermally into the affected extremity with subsequent identification of superficial collecting lymphatic vessels using ultrasound. Although a recent report noted an uptick in severe and critical adverse drug reactions to an ultrasound contrast agent injected intravenously in stress echocardiography, adverse drug reactions associated with ultrasound contrast-enhancing agents in body ultrasound are rare. The safety profile and potential complications from CEUS lymphography in the lymphedema population have yet to be fully characterized. In this case report, the authors present the first cutaneous adverse drug event following a secondary exposure to the contrast used for CEUS imaging. Mechanisms and justifications for an immune-mediated process are explored, and a review of similar manifestations in other related contrast applications is discussed.
Diet-induced Resolution of Macular Oedema following Remission of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a patient undergoing Therapeutic Carbohydrate Reduction
Authors: Hains Lewis R , Bacchi Stephen , Martin Rachelle , Chan Weng Onn , Muecke James S 
Published: June 2024

Purpose:
There is growing evidence to support the potential role of low-carbohydrate healthy fat (LCHF) and ketogenic diets (therapeutic carbohydrate reduction - TCR) in the management of diabetes mellitus. This case explores the use of a ketogenic diet to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a middle-aged female with insulin-dependent disease.

Method:
The patient presented to an optometrist with a history of blurred vision and was diagnosed with mild macular oedema (MO) in both eyes. Following review by an ophthalmologist and subsequently her general practitioner and endocrinologist, she was referred to a nutritionist specialising in therapeutic carbohydrate reduction.

Result:
Within two weeks of the dietary change, the patient was able to cease her regular insulin and returned to normoglycaemia. Within four weeks of her initial appointment with the nutritionist, ophthalmology follow-up found a reduction in MO in both eyes. At the last review 18 months later, MO in both eyes had completely resolved.

Conclusion:
This novel case demonstrates a clinical application of therapeutic carbohydrate reduction and requires further research.
A Tool to Teach and Assess Clinical Nurse Specialist Student Prescribing Competency
Authors: Saunders Mitzi M. 
Published: June 2024

Purpose/Aims
The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of a tool designed to develop and evaluate clinical nurse specialist (CNS) student competency and confidence in prescribing therapeutic agents. Specifically, the aims were to identify students’ perceptions of the tool’s (1) helpfulness in learning to prescribe, (2) impact on confidence as a prescriber, and (3) recommended use in CNS education.

Design
An exploratory design was used.

Methods
Students used the tool in patient care with a supervising mentor during clinical rotations. Students completed surveys after using the tool at 2 points in time. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results
Of the 18 students, 5 students completed the survey at time 1 and 6 students at time 2. The aims were met in that students perceived the tool to be helpful during CNS prescribing activities, felt confident about prescribing after using the tool, and agreed the tool should be used in CNS education.

Conclusion
Replication of the study with larger samples of CNS students and psychometric analyses of the tool is recommended by the study’s findings to support its use in CNS education beyond the study site.
Outcome Evaluation of a Health System Clinical Nurse Specialist Fellowship Program
Authors: Rader Tiffany , Keen Alyson , Wornhoff Brandee , Powers Jan 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
Healthcare is a complex adaptive system, requiring agile, innovative leaders to transform care. Clinical nurse specialists (CNSs) are uniquely positioned to influence change and achieve high-quality outcomes. Nurse leaders need strategies to onboard and retain CNSs considering high demand across the nation. The purpose of this program evaluation was to describe the core components and outcomes of CNS fellowship programs.

Design
This program evaluation used the Kirkpatrick Model as a framework to assess learning and knowledge translation.

Methods
The study was conducted within 3 Indiana healthcare organizations. Clinical nurse specialist leaders from each organization identified fellowship core components and analyzed team composition (ie, percentage of CNS team that was current/past fellows). Current and past CNS fellows were invited to participate in a survey evaluating program effectiveness, impact on role transition, project leadership, and outcomes achieved.

Results
Overlap was identified among 85% (17/20) of the core components, team composition was 71% (25/35) past/current fellows, and retention was 100% (12/12). Of the 23 invited, 18 (78%) participated in the program evaluation. Program effectiveness was evaluated as very/extremely effective by 94% (17/18) of participants. Themes salient to independent practice transition were applying learning, achieving influence, and developing relationally, contributing to incremental gain of the CNS perspective (ie, CNS values and guiding principles influencing critical thinking and behavior).

Conclusion
Nurse leaders should consider fellowship implementation to recruit and retain CNS talent within organizations.
Embracing a New Evidence-Based Thought Paradigm of Sepsis
Authors: Richardson Lindsay , Graham Julie-Kathryn 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn 1991, sepsis was first defined by the Society of Critical Care Medicine as the systemic inflammatory response syndrome, in the presence of infection. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome is an adaptive host response to infection, as well as to other insults like trauma and stress. Research pertaining to sepsis was guided by this adaptive definition for 25 years. After established guidelines for sepsis management were challenged in 2014, sepsis was redefined in 2016 as a dysregulated host response to infection. However, there still remains no consensus on which immunologic or metabolic mechanisms have become dysregulated. We sought to examine sepsis literature published after the 2016 consensus definition and compare it to the original systemic inflammatory response syndrome paradigm proposed in 1991. The purpose of this intensive analysis was to recommend a new sepsis archetype, with consideration to dysregulated immunologic and metabolic mechanisms that have recently been identified in sepsis. Nurses and other clinicians must shift their thought paradigm toward an evidence-based dysregulated model, in order to improve on sepsis recognition and management.
Effectively Communicating Practice Changes to Frontline Nurses
Authors: Tertinek Nicholas , Hole Ashley , Inumerables Faye 
Published: June 2024

Purpose/Objectives
Communication of practice changes to frontline nurses across an organization can be difficult. Frequent daily communication to all nursing staff can be ineffective and lead to email fatigue and information overload. The purpose of this article is to further describe the communication intervention developed to disseminate practice changes and the critical modifications made over time to ensure its continued success and sustainability.

Description of the Project/Program
In 2019, this team from a multisite institution developed a monthly email correspondence, called the Evidence-Based Practice Update, sent to local leaders to disseminate important policy and practice updates and reminders to more than 3400 nurses. This strategy was initially successful in reaching the nurses yet lacked a method to ensure accountability that each nurse has read the content. A quick response code was added to track monthly readership, and clinical nurse specialists were leveraged to ensure practice changes reached, reviewed, and understood by nurses across the institution.

Outcome
Metrics were tracked for quick response code scans and demonstrated an increase in readership over time. By combining various alerts into the single correspondence, fewer daily notifications to staff were sent. The EBP Update email dissemination structure involving local leaders was well received.

Conclusion
This article describes how a standardized communication strategy coupled with thoughtful leadership engagement improved uptake of important practice information by nurses across a vast institution.
Multiple Imputation of Race and Hispanic Ethnicity in National Surveillance Data for Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, and Syphilis
Authors: Pondo Tracy , Torrone Elizabeth , Pagaoa Melissa 
Published: June 2024

Background
Disease burden of sexually transmitted infections such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis is often compared across age categories, sex categories, and race and ethnicity categories. Missing data may prevent researchers from accurately characterizing health disparities between populations. This article describes the methods used to impute race and Hispanic ethnicity in a large national surveillance data set.

Methods
All US cases of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis (excluding congenital syphilis) reported through the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System from the year 2019 were included in the analyses. We used fully conditional specification to impute missing race and Hispanic ethnicity data. After imputation, reported case rates were calculated, by disease, for each race and Hispanic ethnicity category using Vintage 2019 Population and Housing Unit Estimates from the US Census. We then used case counts from subsets that contained only complete race and Hispanic ethnicity information to investigate if the confidence intervals from the multiply imputed data included the observed number of cases in each race and Hispanic ethnicity category.

Results
Among the 2,553,038 cases reported in 2019, race and Hispanic ethnicity were multiply imputed for 9% of syphilis cases, 22% of gonorrhea cases, and 33% of chlamydia cases. In the subset analyses, every nonzero rate of reported cases was contained within the confidence intervals that were calculated from multiply imputed data.

Conclusions
Confidence intervals that account for the uncertainty of the predictions are an advantage of multiple imputation over complete-case analysis because a realistic variance estimate allows for valid hypothesis testing results.
Results of the Sukuma Ndoda (“Stand up, Man”) HIV Self-Screening and Assisted Linkage to Care Project in Johannesburg: A Quasi-Experimental Pre–Post Evaluation
Authors: Lippman Sheri A. , Grignon Jessica S. , Ditshwane Boitumelo , West Rebecca L. , Gilmore Hailey J. , Mazibuko Sipho , Mongwe Livhuwani G. , Neilands Torsten B. , Gutin Sarah A. , O’Connor Cara , Santana Maideline A. , Majam Mohammed 
Published: June 2024

Background:
HIV testing rates among South African men lag behind rates for women and national targets. Community-based HIV self-screening (HIVSS) distribution and follow-up by community health workers (CHWs) is a scalable option to increase testing coverage, diagnosis, and treatment initiation. We provided HIVSS and assisted linkage to care to men not recently tested (within the past 12 months) residing in high-HIV-burden areas of Johannesburg.

Methods:
CHWs distributed HIVSS in 6 clinic catchment areas. Follow-up to encourage confirmatory testing and antiretroviral therapy initiation was conducted through personal support (PS) or an automated short message service (SMS) follow-up and linkage system in 3 clinic areas each. Using a quasi-experimental pre–post design, we compared differences in the proportion of men testing in the clinic catchment areas during the HIVSS campaign (June–August 2019) to the 3 months prior (March–May 2019) and compared treatment initiations by assisted linkage strategy.

Results:
Among 4793 participants accepting HIVSS, 62% had never tested. Among 3993 participants with follow-up data, 90.6% reported using their HIVSS kit. Testing coverage among men increased by 156%, from under 4% when only clinic-based HIV testing services were available to 9.5% when HIVSS and HIV testing services were available (z = −11.6; P < 0.01). Reported test use was higher for men followed through PS (99% vs. 68% in SMS); however, significantly more men reported reactive self-test results in the SMS group compared with PS (6.4% vs. 2.0%), resulting in more antiretroviral therapy initiations in the SMS group compared with PS (23 vs. 9; P < 0.01).

Conclusions:
CHW HIVSS distribution significantly increases testing among men. While PS enabled personalized follow-up, reporting differences indicate SMS is more acceptable and better aligned with expectations of privacy associated with HIVSS.