bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Audit of Patient Referrals to the Sedation Department of Newcastle Dental Hospital
Authors: Dentith Grace E , Wilson Katherine E , Dorman Matthew , Girdler Nicholas M 
Published: March 2010

Aim To audit the quality of external referral communications sent to the Department of Sedation at Newcastle Dental Hospital. Methods A retrospective analysis was undertaken of a sample of 226 consecutive external referrals received by the sedation department of Newcastle Dental Hospital during May-July 2008. A data-collection form was used to record information provided in referrals relevant to the practice of sedation and the set standard was based on the recommendations of the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN). Results Of the 226 referrals sampled, the majority (222; 98.2%) were from general dental practitioners. Seventy-six per cent were by letter and 24% by pro forma. Although of particular relevance to sedation referrals, a medical history was provided in only 59.0% of referrals and details of previous dental treatment in only 27.5%. The use of a pro forma significantly increased the provision of information compared to a letter in the following areas: patient's telephone number, patient's medication, doctor's name and doctor's address. Significantly less information was provided in the pro forma compared to the letters concerning the name of the referring practitioner and referring practitioner's telephone number. No difference was found between letter and pro forma referrals for medical history, treatment already attempted and reason for referral. Conclusions The findings indicate a need to improve the amount of information provided in referrals to the sedation department of Newcastle Dental Hospital in order to ensure appropriate allocation to sedation services. The quality of referrals may be improved by the distribution of referral guidelines, the use of electronic referral templates or changes to the current pro forma.
Small bowel obstruction due to herniation into an extra-anatomical arterial bypass tunnel: a first case report
Authors: Simms Jacqueline , El-Sakka Karim , Valenti Domenico , Tyrrell Mark , Schulte Klaus-Martin 
Published: March 2010

Introduction We highlight the importance of considering rarer causes of small bowel obstruction in patients presenting after extra-anatomical arterial bypass. Case presentation Our patient underwent a left common iliac-to-bifemoral bypass extra-anatomical graft for critical limb ischaemia. The patient developed mechanical small bowel obstruction on the 20th postoperative day. Emergency laparotomy revealed incarcerated, obstructed small bowel trapped in the graft tunnel. Recovery was satisfactory following small bowel resection. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, small bowel herniation into an arterial bypass graft tunnel, with successful treatment outcome, has not been reported to date.
‘Do You Have Any Difficulties That I May Not Be Aware of?’ A Study of Autism Awareness and Understanding in the UK Police Service
Authors: Chown Nicholas (Nick) 
Published: March 2010

The autism ‘triad of impairments' will often disadvantage those with autism when they come into contact with the Criminal Justice System (CJS) when compared with people without autism. Existing research suggests that people with developmental disabilities such as autism are between 4 and 10 times more likely to become victims of crime than those without such disabilities and may be 10 or more times as likely to be victims of sexual assault and robbery. Anecdotal evidence suggests that people with autism are the subject of discrimination in the CJS due to a general lack of awareness and understanding of autism and its implications in that environment. This study seeks to assess the current understanding of autism awareness and understanding in the UK police service through the means of a questionnaire, and by comparing the results with an earlier study undertaken by researchers in the USA. The long-term aim is to improve responses by CJS personnel to those affected by autism. Overall, as a broad generalisation, individual self-assessments of competency indicated that, currently, police officers are probably unable to deal appropriately with persons with autism. However, in many cases, self-assessments may exaggerate competence. The US study also found that police officers tended to perceive themselves as competent when they may not have been. Not one respondent in this study had received training from the police service fitting him/her to interact effectively with persons on the autism spectrum.
Comparison between Gradient Gel Electrophoresis and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Estimating Coronary Heart Disease Risk Associated with LDL and HDL Particle Size
Authors: Arsenault Benoit J , Lemieux Isabelle , Després Jean-Pierre , Wareham Nicholas J , Stroes Erik SG , Kastelein John JP , Khaw Kay-Tee , Boekholdt S Matthijs 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground: Gradient gel electrophoresis (GGE) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy are both widely accepted methods for measuring LDL and HDL particle size. However, whether or not GGE- or NMR-measured LDL or HDL particle size predicts coronary heart disease (CHD) risk to a similar extent is currently unknown.Methods: We used GGE and NMR to measure LDL and HDL particle size in a nested case-control study of 1025 incident cases of CHD and 1915 controls from the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition)-Norfolk study. The study sample included apparently healthy men and women age 45–79 years followed for an average of 6 years.Results: Pearson correlation coefficients showed that the overall agreement between NMR and GGE was better for the measurement of HDL size (r = 0.78) than for LDL size (r = 0.47). The odds ratio for future CHD among participants in the bottom tertile of LDL size (smallest LDL particles) was 1.35 (95% CI, 1.12–1.63) for GGE and 1.74 (1.41–2.15) for NMR. For HDL size, these respective odds ratios were 1.41 (1.16–1.72) and 1.85 (1.47–2.32). After adjustment for potential confounders, the relationship between small LDL or HDL particles and CHD was no longer significant, irrespective of the method.Conclusions: In this prospective population study, we found that the relationships between NMR-measured LDL and HDL sizes and CHD risk were slightly higher than those obtained with GGE.
Factors affecting soluble mesothelin related protein levels in an asbestos-exposed population
Authors: Park Eun-Kee , Thomas Paul S. , Creaney Jenette , Johnson Anthony R. , Robinson Bruce W. , Yates Deborah H. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract

Background: Soluble mesothelin-related protein (SMRP) is increased in the sera of patients with malignant mesothelioma (MM), and has been suggested as a diagnostic tool for MM in an asbestos exposed population. However, factors affecting SMRP concentrations in normal subjects and those with other asbestos related disorders have not been investigated in any large population based study.

Methods: Five hundred and thirty-eight subjects with a history of asbestos exposure were studied. Age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), serum creatinine and glucose, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and lung function were compared with SMRP concentrations.

Results: The mean age [± standard deviation (SD)] of participants was 66.9 (±10.1) years, and mean (±SD) serum SMRP concentration was 0.91 (±0.67) nmol/L. SMRP values were inversely associated with weight (Pearson r=–0.1254, p=0.0036), BMI (Pearson r=–0.1594, p=0.0002), blood glucose (Pearson r=–0.1515, p=0.0004), single-breath carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLco) % predicted (Pearson r=–0.1847, p<0.0001), eGFR (Pearson r=–0.2835, p<0.0001) and single-breath carbon monoxide diffusing capacity per unit alveolar volume (DLco/VA)% predicted (Pearson r=–0.1872, p<0.0001) but were positively associated with age (Pearson r=0.2315, p<0.0001) and creatinine (Pearson r=0.3833, p<0.0001).

Conclusions: This study has shown that demographic variables, physiological factors and lung function are associated with serum SMRP concentrations. Confounding factors should be considered when interpreting serum SMRP.
Clin Chem Lab Med 2010;48:869–74.
Antibiotic Eluting Chitosan Glycerophosphate Implant in the Setting of Acute Bacterial Sinusitis: A Rabbit Model
Authors: Bleier Benjamin S. , Kofonow Jennifer M. , Hashmi Nazish , Chennupati Sri K. , Cohen Noam A. 
Published: March 2010

Background Topical therapy offers the potential for treatment of sinonasal disease with minimal systemic side effects. Chitosan glycerophosphate (CGP) is a mucoadhesive polymer that can be used as an antibiotic eluting sinonasal implant in the treatment of sinusitis. The purpose of this study was to assess the potential for CGP as an antibiotic impregnated implant in a rabbit model of acute bacterial sinusitis. Methods The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee approved study of acute bacterial sinusitis in 12 New Zealand white rabbits using either Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 6) or Staphylococcus aureus (n = 6). CGP impregnated with 50 mg of either gentamicin or vancomycin was bilaterally implanted in two rabbits in each arm, respectively. The sinuses were irrigated with saline for 4 days and the lavage was collected for colony-forming unit (CFU) determination. Within each group, the CFU log reduction in the lavage was compared with that of rabbits receiving saline alone (n = 2) or a daily 80-microgram/mL gentamicin or vancomycin irrigation (n = 2) and analyzed using a Student's t-test. Results Within the S. aureus group, the CFU log reduction using CGP + vancomycin (–2.57 ± 0.21) was greater than vancomycin irrigation (–1.66 ± 0.5; p = NS) and significantly greater than saline alone (2.46 ± 0.97; p = 0.018). Within the P. aeruginosa group, the CFU log reduction using the CGP + gentamicin (–4.62 ± 0.74) was greater than gentamicin irrigation (–4.09 ± 0.70) and saline alone (–1.90 ± 0.90); however, the results were not significant. In all rabbits receiving the CGP + antibiotic implant, no viable bacteria were present in the lavage by day 4. Conclusion Placement of a single antibiotic impregnated CGP implant in the setting of an acute Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacterial sinusitis resulted in a greater log reduction of CFU than daily antibiotic irrigation and led to complete sterilization of the lavage within 4 days.
Long-Term Effects of Rapid Maxillary Expansion on Nasal Area and Nasal Airway Resistance
Authors: Matsumoto Mírian Aiko Nakane , Itikawa Carla Enoki , Pereira Valera Fabiana Cardoso , Faria Gisele , Anselmo-Lima Wilma Terezinha 
Published: March 2010

Background Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) may improve the nasal respiratory pattern. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of RME on the nasal cavity by acoustic rhinometry and computed rhinomanometry and to determine nasal and maxillary width by posteroanterior cephalometric radiography, up to 30 months after the orthodontic procedure. Methods Twenty-seven children with oral breathing, ranging in age from 7 to 10 years, and with mixed dentition were selected. The children had unior bilateral posterior crossbite involving deciduous canines and the first permanent molars. All subjects were submitted to nasofibroscopy, acoustic rhinometry, and computed rhinomanometry and posteroanterior cephalometric radiography at four different times, i.e., before expansion, immediately, 90 days and 30 months after expansion. Results The mean linear left-to-right nasal cavity lateral prominence and left-to-right jugal points cephalometric measures increased considerably after expansion and this increase was maintained throughout the period of evaluation. There was an immediate significant decrease in nasal resistance, up to 90 days after RME, but the nasal resistance increased 30 months after the procedure. The acoustic rhinometry results did not show any difference in values throughout time. Conclusion RME significantly increased nasal and maxillary width as measured by frontal cephalometry, but the nasal mucosal effects were more subtle. Also, the influence of RME on nasal resistance was not stable, and nasal resistance values returned to close to the initial ones after 30 months.
Endoscopic Surgery for Juvenile Angiofibroma: A Critical Review of Indications after 46 Cases
Authors: Nicolai Piero , Villaret Andrea Bolzoni , Farina Davide , Nadeau Sylvie , Yakirevitch Arkadi , Berlucchi Marco , Galtelli Cristina 
Published: March 2010

Background At present, transnasal endoscopic surgery is considered a viable option in the management of small–intermediate size juvenile angiofibromas (JAs). The authors critically review their 14-year experience in the management of this lesion to refine selection criteria for an endoscopic approach. Methods From January 1994 to May 2008, 46 patients were treated by a pure endoscopic resection after vascular embolization (87%). The lesions were classified according to Andrews (Andrews JC, et al., The surgical management of extensive nasopharyngeal angiofibromas with the infratemporal fossa approach, Laryngoscope 99:429–437, 1989) and Önerci (Önerci M, et al. Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: A revised staging system, Rhinology 44:39–45, 2006) staging systems. All patients were followed by regular endoscopic and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations. Results Lesions were classified as follows: stage I, n = 5; stage II, n = 24; stage IIIa, n = 14; stage IIIb, n = 3 according to Andrews classification system; stage 1, n = 9; stage II, n = 12; stage III, n = 26 according to Önerci's system. Unilateral blood supply was detected in 39 (85%) cases. Feeding vessels from the internal carotid artery (ICA) were also reported in 14 (30%) patients. Intraoperative blood loss ranged from 250 to 1300 mL (mean, 580 mL). In four (8.7%) cases, suspicious residual disease was detected by MRI. In one patient, a 1-cm persistent lesion was endoscopically removed because septoplasty was required and a slight increase in size was noticed. The other three lesions, all located in the root of the pterygoid plate, are nearly stable in size and are currently under MRI follow-up. Conclusion The improvement of surgical instrumentation and the experience acquired during a 14-year period have contributed to expanding the indications for endoscopic surgery in the management of JAs. Even stage III lesions may be successfully managed, unless the ICA is encased or if it provides an extensive blood supply. An external approach may be required when critical structures such as the ICA, cavernous sinus, or optic nerve are involved by lesions that are persistent after previous treatment; such a situation may prevent safe and radical dissection with a pure endoscopic approach. Better understanding of the factors influencing the growth of residual lesions is needed to differentiate those requiring re-treatment from those which can be simply observed.
Dietary Polyphenols Affect Muc5Ac Expression and Ciliary Movement in Respiratory Cells and Nasal Mucosa
Authors: Chang Jung Hyun , Song Kee Jae , Kim Hyun-Jun , Kim Jeong Hong , Kim Na Hyun , Kim Kyung-Su 
Published: March 2010

Background Dietary polyphenols have been widely consumed in food, and their anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities have been recently studied. Although the effects of dietary polyphenols on mucin hypersecretion have been studied to some extent, the effects of mucociliary movement have not been elucidated thus far. Therefore, we investigated whether dietary polyphenols inhibit MUC5AC gene expression in NCI-H292 cells, and, if so, whether they would have an effect on ciliary beat frequency (CBF) of human nasal mucosa. Methods NCI-H292 cells were pretreated with four different dietary polyphenols ([6]-gingerol, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), curcumin, and quercetin) and were treated with IL-1beta (10 ng/mL). Proliferation of NCI-H292 cells was analyzed. The mRNA expression of MUC5AC was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. CBF of normal nasal mucosa, which was obtained from the ethmoid sinus and treated with the polyphenols, was assessed via inverted microscope and computerized program. Results Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of MUC5AC expression of each polyphenol was found as follows: [6]-gingerol, 1 μM; EGCG, 20 μM; quercetin, 40 μM; and curcumin, 10 μM. No polyphenol influenced cell proliferation at this MIC. CBF was not affected by [6]-gingerol, quercetin, or EGCG, but ciliary movement decreased in curcumin. Conclusion [6]-Gingerol, quercetin, and EGCG may be considered as antihypersecretory agents because they effectively inhibit mucus secretion of respiratory epithelial cells while maintaining normal nasal ciliary movement.
Endoscopic Diode Laser Polypectomy and High-Dose Intranasal Steroids in Recurrent Nasal Polyposis
Authors: Caffier Philipp P. , Neumann Konrad , Enzmann Harald , Paschen Christian , Scherer Hans , Göktas Önder 
Published: March 2010

Background The aim of this clinical investigation was to determine the outcomes of an outpatient videoendoscopic diode laser polypectomy (DLPE) and subsequent topical high-dose corticosteroid application in chronic rhinosinusitis with recurrent nasal polyposis (NP). Methods After ineffective revision sinus surgery and prolonged mometasone furoate application, 19 consecutive mild and moderate NP patients suffering from nasal obstruction (NO) and olfactory dysfunction (OD) were prospectively entered into the study to undergo DLPE under topical anesthesia. Beginning 1 week postoperatively, 250 μg of beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol spray (BDPAS) was self-administered into each nostril twice a day. Treatment efficacy was assessed after 1, 6, and 12 weeks and at quarterly long-term follow-ups based on objective parameters (videoendoscopic photodocumentation and rhinomanometry) and subjective evaluation of NO, OD, and satisfaction (visual analog scales [VASs]). Results VASs indicated very low values for intraoperative pain and discomfort and high postoperative satisfaction. After 6 weeks, subjective and objective data revealed a significant improvement of NO and OD (p < 0.0005). Topical BDPAS application was well tolerated. At a median follow-up of 32 months (range, 1–4 years), 21% of the patients developed NP disappearance, 53% had a stable disease, and 26% had a progressive disease. Conclusion In therapy-refractory NP, endonasal DLPE represents a minimally invasive, symptom-oriented, safe and easily reapplicable outpatient treatment option that provides effective improvement of NO and OD. Compared with the pre-DLPE period, the proposed long-term quarterly follow-up combined with high-dose topical BDPAS application might reduce or delay the need for major surgery and appears to be suitable for disease control.
An English Window on the Huguenot Struggle for Recognition: Nicolas Des Gallars and the Colloquy of Poissy
Authors: Olson Jeannine 
Published: March 2010

Abstract: The English had a unique window on the Colloquy of Poissy in 1561 through the Parisian pastor of the French-speaking congregation of the Stranger Church in London, Nicolas de Gallars, lately a pastor of Geneva and a delegate to the colloquy, which was a gathering, called by the French Crown, of Reformed pastors, meeting with Catholic prelates to try to reach agreement that would avoid wars of religion in France. It failed at that but was a step ahead in the Huguenot struggle for recognition in France. Des Gallars's letters to the English ambassador to France, Nicolas Throckmorton, provided the English with information on the closed meetings of the colloquy and copies of the major presentations. Besides his unedited letters, Des Gallars wrote an account of the proceedings, which was published in English by “J.D.”
The predictive power of balloon shape and change of sensory functions on outcome of percutaneous balloon compression for trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Asplund Pär , Linderoth Bengt , Bergenheim A. Tommy 
Published: March 2010

Object
Percutaneous balloon compression is a simple and effective treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. However, results between and within different series are varying. To further improve the results in terms of pain relief, the authors believe that a careful study of the surgical procedure is important. The object of this study was to analyze the impact of balloon shape, balloon position, balloon volume, and compression time on duration of the therapeutic effect following percutaneous balloon compression. Furthermore, they analyzed the sensory side effects associated with this treatment, and how these relate to surgical parameters.

Methods
Medical records and intraoperative radiographs from 87 balloon compressions were reviewed, and different surgical parameters were categorized. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to correlate surgical parameters to pain relief. Sensory testing with a transcutaneous electrical stimulation technique and clinical examination data were reviewed to analyze changes in sensory function.

Results
The balloon shape had a significant impact on time to recurrence of pain. A pear-shaped balloon resulted in a far better surgical result than a non–pear-shaped balloon (p < 0.001). The difference between a distinct and a less distinct pear shape was not significant (p = 0.14). Statistical significance was not reached for any of the other parameters in relation to duration of therapeutic effect. A pear-shaped balloon was also significantly associated with increased thresholds for percutaneous electrical stimulation in the immediate postoperative period, but the perception thresholds were normalized at the late follow-up at 3–9 months. A similar outcome was found for clinical testing with light touch and pinprick.

Conclusions
The authors have demonstrated that using a pear-shaped balloon when performing percutaneous balloon compression for trigeminal neuralgia results in longer pain relief than non–pear-shaped balloons. Other surgical parameters seemed less important with respect to pain relief. Balloon compression also, in many cases, results in hypesthesia.