bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diffusion-weighted MRI in renal cell carcinoma: A surrogate marker for predicting nuclear grade and histological subtype
Authors: Goyal Ankur , Sharma Raju , Bhalla Ashu S , Gamanagatti Shivanand , Seth Amlesh , Iyer Venkateswaran K , Das Prasenjit 
Published: April 2012

Background Though previous investigators have attempted to evaluate its utility in characterization of focal renal lesions, diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DW MRI) in renal diseases is still an evolving field and its role in predicting the aggressiveness of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is yet to be established. Purpose To assess whether apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values can be used to determine the nuclear grade and histological subtype of RCCs and to identify the tumor attributes contributing to variation in ADC values. Material and Methods The institutional ethics committee waived the requirement of informed consent for this retrospective study. The study cohort consisted of 33 patients who underwent MRI (with diffusion-weighted imaging at b values of 0 and 500 s/mm2) and were found to have 36 pathologically-proven RCCs. ADC values were determined for solid portions of RCC, cystic/hemorrhagic areas, and normal renal parenchyma. Histological subtype, nuclear grade, and cell count were determined for each lesion. ADC values were compared between different grades and subtypes and correlation with cell count was investigated. Receiver operating characteristic curves were drawn to establish cut-off ADC values. Results There were 23 low grade (grades I and II) and 13 high grade tumors (grades III and IV). There were 32 clear-cell and four non-clear-cell RCCs. A decreasing trend of ADC values was seen with increasing grade and mean ADC of high grade RCC was significantly lower than low grade (1.3145 vs 1.6982 × 10−3 mm2/s) ( P = 0.005). Mean ADC for clear-cell RCC was significantly higher than non-clear-cell RCC (1.6245 vs. 1.0412 × 10−3 mm2/s) ( P = 0.005). ADC values higher than 1.7960 × 10−3 mm2/s were seen only with low grade and values greater than 1.4904 × 10−3 mm2/s were seen only with clear-cell RCC. Conclusion ADC values provide a non-invasive means to predict the nuclear grade and histological subtype of RCC. Cellularity and morphology are other tumor attributes contributing to the variation in ADC values of RCCs.
Estimating the Education-Health Relationship: A Cost-Utility Approach
Authors: Golberstein Ezra , Hirth Richard A. , Lantz Paula M. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
While considerable research studies the association between education and health, no prior research estimates the magnitude of health improvements associated with more schooling, accounting for both quantity and quality of life. We use longitudinal PSID data that combines repeated survey measures of health status with mortality data to measure the number of Quality-Adjusted Life Years accruing over a 23-year period. To reduce endogeneity concerns we utilize detailed survey information on family background, cognitive, and non-cognitive skills; and we estimate sibling fixed effects models. An additional year of schooling is associated with 0.20-0.38 additional QALYs over the 23-year study period. These estimates are considerably larger than looking at quality-unadjusted life years. We estimate that an additional year of schooling is associated with an incremental discounted lifetime value of $26,000-$49,000 of health. To the extent that our results approximate causal estimates, increasing education may be a cost-effective way to improve population health.
Classification of surfaces of general type with Euler number 3
Authors: Yeung Sai-Kee 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
The smallest topological Euler–Poincaré characteristic supported on a smooth surface of general type is 3. In this paper, we show that such a surface has to be a fake projective plane unless h1, 0﻿(M) = 1. Together with the classification of fake projective planes given by Prasad and Yeung, the recent work of Cartwright and Steger, and a proof of the arithmeticity of the lattices involved in the present article, this gives a classification of such surfaces.
The composition Hall algebra of a weighted projective line
Authors: Burban Igor , Schiffmann Olivier 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
In this article, we deal with properties of the reduced Drinfeld double of the composition subalgebra of the Hall algebra of the category of coherent sheaves on a weighted projective line. This study is motivated by applications in the theory of quantized enveloping algebras of some Lie algebras. We obtain a new realization of the quantized enveloping algebras of affine Lie algebras of simply-laced types as well as some new embeddings between them. Moreover, our approach allows to derive new results on the structure of the quantized enveloping algebras of the toroidal algebras of types D4﻿(1, 1), E6﻿(1, 1), E7﻿(1, 1) and E8﻿(1, 1). In particular, our method leads to a construction of a modular action and allows to define a PBW-type basis for that classes of algebras.
The u-invariant of p-adic function fields
Authors: Leep David B. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Over a finitely generated field extension in m variables over a p-adic field, any quadratic form in more than 2m + 2 variables has a nontrivial zero. This bound is sharp. We extend this result to a wider class of fields. A key ingredient to our proofs is a recent result of Heath-Brown on systems of quadratic forms over p-adic fields.
Resolving textual discrepancies in fictional story worlds: Two approaches and further suggestions
Authors: Marcus, Amit 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
This essay compares two models for resolving textual discrepancies in fictional worlds: Tamar Yacobi's model of communication and Jan Alber's model of naturalizing unnatural narrative scenarios and events. I argue that irrespective of the specific mechanisms of integration, such approaches should satisfy at least four conditions: present a set of strategies broad enough to handle all types of textual discrepancies that the particular approach aims to encompass; make the most concise and precise distinctions between the different strategies; clarify the logical relations between the strategies; and explicate the relation of these strategies to the history of fictional narratives and of the strategies themselves. The essay critically examines both approaches and compares them in light of these four conditions. I complete the essay with a reading of Edgar Allan Poe's story “The Black Cat,” through which I illustrate my proposal for a combination and a modification of these two approaches.
Reading a poet reading
Authors: Webster, Jonathan 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
There is something inexplicable about our potential for ceaseless creativity, in both the making and the reading of meaning, not just in poetry, or some other form of verbal art, but in every aspect of our lives. In “A poet reading”, the poet Edwin Thumboo explores our capacity for ceaseless creativity in language with a poem whose meaning is bounded only by whatever readings the grammar will allow. Reading “A poet reading”, the linguist attempts a ‘raid on the inarticulate’, to gain insight into the reality-generating power and creative energy of grammar as system of meaning potential.
An introduction to the semantics of intertextuality
Authors: Panagiotidou, Maria-Eirini 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
This paper engages with intertextuality and proposes a cognitively-informed approach to it based on the notion of semantic intertextual frames, an online processing domain which regulates the construction of word-level intertextual links. The construction of these frames is discussed in terms of Evans' LCCM Theory (Theory of Lexical Concepts and Cognitive Models), and the distinction he draws between lexical concepts and cognitive models. Lexical concepts afford access to cognitive models via direct or indirect access routes. Word-level intertextual connections are explained based on the identification of the same lexical item, a cognitive synonym or a hyponym. In the first two cases a direct access route to the cognitive model is afforded by the lexical concepts, while in the latter this route is indirect. A number of examples drawn from literary texts are used to illustrate the model.
Defining the reliable narrator: The marked status of first-person fiction
Authors: Murphy, Terence Patrick 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
In The Rhetoric of Fiction (1961), Wayne Booth first proposed the critical concepts of the reliable and unreliable narrator. Booth suggested that the notion of reliability was best defined in terms of its underlying relationship to the implied author. But this attempted linkage was never a truly secure one; and in the intervening years, a protracted debate has persisted regarding this central issue. This paper suggests that the key to resolving this debate is the formulation of a more secure definition of narrative reliability. The linguistic concept of markedness provides the critical means for doing this. Using the test case of Nick Carraway in The Great Gatsby, five determinants of a reliable narrator in first-person fiction are suggested: a secure speaking-location back home; the use of the classical middle style of standard English; observer-narrator status; ethical maturity; and a plot structure which involves the retrospective re-evaluation or Aristotelian anagnorisis of a character other than the narrator. If this much is accepted, unreliable narration may be defined in terms of a range of departures from this basic model.
How Are Physical Activity, Fitness, and Sedentary Behavior Associated With Insulin Sensitivity in Children?
Authors: Henderson Mélanie , Gray-Donald Katherine , Mathieu Marie-Eve , Barnett Tracie A. , Hanley James A. , O’Loughlin Jennifer , Tremblay Angelo , Lambert Marie 
Published: April 2012

OBJECTIVE
To describe the associations among moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), fitness, sedentary behavior (SB), and insulin sensitivity (IS).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Data were drawn from the baseline assessment of the QUALITY cohort, which included 630 white youth (aged 8–10 years at recruitment), with at least one obese biological parent. IS was measured by two fasting indices (insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance) and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)–based index (Matsuda IS index [Matsuda-ISI]). Fitness was measured by Vo2peak; percent fat mass (PFM) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; 7-day MVPA was measured with accelerometry. SB indicators included average hours daily of self-report screen time (SBst), and average minutes daily at &lt;100 counts/min from accelerometry (SBacc). Multivariable linear regression models were adjusted for age, sex, season, and puberty.

RESULTS
MVPA and SBacc were independently associated with IS, but this was no longer statistically significant after accounting for PFM. SBst was negatively associated with IS in girls only, even after controlling for physical activity (PA), fitness, and adiposity; for each additional hour of SBst daily, IS decreased by 4.6–5.6% across all IS indices. Fitness was positively associated with IS (measured by Matsuda-ISI) after accounting for PA, SB, and PFM; for every 1 unit increase in Vo2peak, Matsuda-ISI increased by approximately 1.0% (P &lt; 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
In children with an obese parent, PA and SBacc are associated with IS, but this association is mediated by adiposity. SBst is negatively associated with IS in girls, beyond its known impact on adiposity. Finally, fitness is independently associated with better IS measured by OGTT.
Uniformly bounded composition operators in the banach space of bounded (p, k)-variation in the sense of Riesz-Popoviciu
Authors: Armao Francy , Głazowska Dorota , Rivas Sergio , Rojas Jessica 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
We prove that if the composition operator F generated by a function f: [a, b] × ℝ → ℝ maps the space of bounded (p, k)-variation in the sense of Riesz-Popoviciu, p ≥ 1, k an integer, denoted by RV(p,k)[a, b], into itself and is uniformly bounded then RV(p,k)[a, b] satisfies the Matkowski condition.
One and two soliton solutions for seventh-order Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon and Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon-KP equations
Authors: Wazwaz Abdul-Majid 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
In this work, we explore more applications of the simplified form of the bilinear method to the seventhorder Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon (CDG) and the Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon-KP (CDG-KP) equation. We formally derive one and two soliton solutions for each equation. We also show that the two equations do not show resonance.
Resonance states in an effective chiral hadronic model
Authors: Rau Philip , Steinheimer Jan , Schramm Stefan , Stöcker Horst 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
With an effective chiral flavour SU(3) model we show the effect of hadronic resonances on the QCD phase diagram. We state that varying the resonance couplings to the scalar and vector fields affects the order and location of the phase transition, the possible existence of a critical end point (CEP), and the thermodynamic properties. We present (strange) quark number susceptibilities at zero baryochemical potential and at three different points at the phase transition. Comparing results to lattice QCD, we state that reasonable large vector couplings limit the phase transition to a smooth crossover ruling out a CEP.
Successful experience with Levitronix PediVAS for management of acute heart failure after Fontan surgery
Authors: Bezuska Laurynas , Lebetkevicius Virgilijus , Lankutis Kestutis , Tarutis Virgilijus 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
An extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was long a golden standard in the pediatric population with acute cardiac failure for short-term mechanical circulatory support. It gives the limited availability of pediatric-sized pumps and the outcomes remain disproportionately poor. The Levitronix PediVAS system (Levitronix LLC, Waltham, MA) offers expanded options for short-term support for this population. We report our experience with the successful use of the PediVAS (left heart bypass) in the 3-year-old male patient as a bridge to recovery after Fontan surgery in acute heart failure. Short-term circulatory support with the Levitronix PediVAS has proven to be a less invasive, safe, and effective for our pediatric patient.
Suitability of different tissue fixatives for subsequent PCR analysis of Cysticercus ovis
Authors: Kolesárová M. , Herich R. , Levkut M. , Čurlík J. , Levkut M. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
PCR amplification of specific DNA regions is a powerful tool for retrospective studies, but not all preservation or fixation methods render DNA that is suitable for subsequent amplification. Several factors affect sensitivity of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. There were reported the effects of commonly used fixation solutions — 10 % neutral buffered formalin, 20 % neutral buffered formalin and Carnoy’s solution and the efficiency of PCR amplification in fresh tissue and paraffin (or wax) embedded samples of Cysticercus ovis. DNA from samples was isolated and PCR product of 1300 bp was amplified. Results indicated that the samples fixed in Carnoy’s solution produced reliable amplification of desired fragments. The samples that were fixed in 10 % and 20 % neutral buffered formalin brought negative results.
Lepus corsicanus gastro-intestinal helminths: first report
Authors: Usai F. , Rinnovati R. , Trocchi V. , Stancampiano L. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Italian hare Lepus corsicanus De Winton, 1898, is a true species living in simpatry with Lepus europaeus in mainland Italy and with Oryctolagus cuniculus in Sicily, where L. europaeus is absent. Up to date, nobody has studied the helminths of this endemic Italian Mammal. Therefore, in order to describe Italian hare gastro-intestinal helminths, gastro-intestinal tract of 29 Italian hares, coming from mainland Italy (#14) and from Sicily (#15) were collected between 1997 and 2009. Twentyfive hares were positive for at least one parasite (86 %). Six parasite species were isolated, 2 cestodes (Cittotaenia pectinata, prevalence 3 %) and Paranoplocephala sp., 3 %) and 4 nematodes (Trichostrongylus retortaeformis, 86 %, Graphidium strigosum, 14 %, Trichuris sp., 10 % and Teladorsagia circumcincta, 7 %). Both Teladorsagia circumcincta circumcincta and Teladorsagia circumcincta trifurcata morphotypes were identified. Comparison with available data regarding L. europaeus and O. cuniculus in Italy is provided. Being not T. circumcincta and Paranoplocephala sp. typical parasites of leporids, a description of the observed specimens is given.
Black grouse in Czech Republic and its parasites
Authors: Jankovska I. , Bejcek V. , Langrova I. , Válek P. , Vadlejch J. , Čadková Z. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
According to the newest data (2010), the state of the black grouse is in decline in the Czech Republic. One of the reasons for this decline is the parasitic infection. The examination of 170 faecal specimens disclosed 6 species of parasites. Helminth eggs were found in 50 % of the examined faecal specimens. The following eggs were found: cestode Hymenolepis spp. (28 %), with the highest prevalence (84 %) and mean intensity (1076 EPG) in spring; nematodes Trichostrongylus tenuis (24 %), and Ascaridia compar (3 %) with a mean intensity of 11 and 12 EPG, respectively. Coccidia infections were present in 1 % of faecal specimens only in spring, with an intensity of 35 OPG. However, in the following year, Eimeria lyruri was the most abundant parasite in the faecal specimens. During the second year of our research, the prevalence of E. lyruri was 28 %; the highest prevalence (67 %) was in summer with an intensity of up to 9433 OPG.
Contact blepharoconjunctivitis due to black henna — A case report
Authors: Pas-Wyroślak Alicja , Wiszniewska Marta , Kręcisz Beata , Świerczyńska-Machura Dominika , Pałczyński Cezary , Walusiak-Skorupa Jolanta 
Published: April 2012

AbstractPara-phenylenediamine (PPD) can induce immediate or — more often — delayed hypersensitivity. We report the case of 48-year old female admitted to the out-patient allergy clinic a day after her visit in a beauty parlour, where she had her eyelashes and eyebrows dyed with henna. Physical examination revealed prominent edema of the upper part of the face including forehead, cheeks and eyes causing severe narrowing of the palpebral chink. Skin prick tests (SPT) with common allergens were positive for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae and moulds, while the SPT with PPD was negative. Patch test to PPD was positive. Further investigations revealed eosinophilia in the tear fluid. To our knowledge, this is the first case of PPD-induced contact blepharoconjunctivitis (CB) with concomitant increased eosinophilia in the tear fluid.
A facile fabrication of Cu2O nanowire arrays on Cu substrates
Authors: Xu Zhichuan , Bi Zhuanfang , Shen Chengmin 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Nanomaterials play an important role in modern science and engineering. The ability to fabricate nanomaterials with high quality and low cost is a primary stage for further discovering their applications. This research article presents a facile fabrication of Cu2O nanowires on Cu substrate. It was found that simply heating Cu in air leads to the growth of Cu2O nanowires. The Cu2O nanowires are aligned in one direction and vertically grown on the Cu substrate. The growth process of nanowires was tracked by SEM and the root at the initial stage was observed by HRTEM. The access to oxygen is critical to the growth of Cu2O nanowires and the patterned nanowire arrays can be readily fabricated by using a mask. The method reported here offers a great potential route toward a large scale manufacture of Cu2O nanowires.
Involuntary discharge from medication-assisted treatment for people with heroin addiction – patients’ experiences and interpretations
Authors: Svensson Bengt , Andersson Magnus 
Published: April 2012

Aims To examine what happens to patients who have been involuntarily discharged from medication-assisted treatment (MAT) with methadone or buprenorphine in Malmö, Sweden. Material And Method A total of 35 people, with a long history of heroin addiction, were interviewed, including ten women. Most interviewees were recruited among visitors with discharge experiences at the local needle exchange programme. The article focuses on these informants’ experiences and interpretations of being discharged. Results Discharge had little legitimacy and was perceived as unfair. Several of the interviewees went back to heroin abuse while others tried to create their own maintenance programmes by buying methadone or buprenorphine on the black market. Many resorted to crime or prostitution to make ends meet. Conclusions According to National Board of Health and Welfare regulations, discharge and a three-month exclusion from all MAT is an appropriate response to violation of rules. Exclusion nevertheless led to harsh consequences. The interviewees’ living conditions were consistently impaired, as were their physical and mental health and contacts with family members, since they soon returned to a lifestyle and drug abuse similar to that before treatment.
A Global Microarray Expression Profile of Grapevine miRNAs Isolated from Cell Suspensions Pre-Treated with Apoptosis Activators
Authors: Repka Vladimír , Čarná Mária 
Published: April 2012

A Global Microarray Expression Profile of Grapevine miRNAs Isolated from Cell Suspensions Pre-Treated with Apoptosis Activators
In an attempt to identify novel and apoptosis/pathogen-regulated microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs, we performed a robust microarray screening of small RNA population from Vitis vinifera L. cv. Limberger cell suspension exposed to apoptosis activators (e.g. methyl jasmonate) or elicitors (botrycin and cinerein) derived from necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea Pers. et Fries. Using a microarray expression profiling approach, we identified 22 miRNAs. We found that a majority of these miRNAs were predicted to target stress/defense-related genes of plants. Of the 22 V. vinifera miRNAs, 11 have sequence conservation in Arabidopsis thaliana but exhibited species-specific developmental and/or stress/defense-related expression patterns. Ten of the miRNAs are highly conserved in other plant species, suggesting that even conserved miRNAs may have different regulatory roles in various species. Our results show that these grapevine miRNAs can be also induced by various apoptosis inducers. Fifty-one potential targets were predicted to the newly identified miRNAs based on sequence complementarity. In addition to miRNAs, we identified 102 other novel endogenous small RNAs in Vitis, indicating that a large number of miRNAs and other small regulatory RNAs are encoded by the Vitis vinifera genome.
Use of Internet by Faculty Members and Research Scholars in the 21st Century: A study of university libraries of Karnataka State, India
Authors: Hadagali Gururaj S , Kumbar BD 
Published: April 2012

The Internet is becoming more widely used by academic institutions to support the teaching, learning and research activities of faculty members and research scholars. The main aim of this study is to examine the impact of Internet on the users in university libraries of Karnataka State. The present study demonstrates and elaborates the various aspects of internet use, such as frequency of Internet use, place of access, purposes for Internet access, motivating factors to access Internet and most preferred search engines. It was found from the survey that the Internet has become a vital instrument for teaching, research and learning process of these respondents. Some suggestions have been given to make the service more beneficial for the faculty members and research scholars of the university libraries of Karnataka state under study.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sllim.v4i1-2.4250 Sri Lankan Journal of Librarianship and Information Management. Vol.4, Nos.1&2 (Jan. – June 2011) pp. 1 -17.