bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Osseointegration of Dental Implants in Patients Undergoing Bisphosphonate Treatment: A Literature Review
Authors: Javed Fawad , Almas Khalid 
Published: April 2010

Background: Bisphosphonates (BPs) are an important group of drugs used for the treatment of metabolic and oncologic pathologies involving the skeletal system. Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a complication observed in patients using oral or intravenous (IV) BPs. It was suggested that all patients undergoing BP therapy who are expected to receive dental implants should be informed of the possible risks of development of ONJ. The aim of this literature review is to assess the osseointegration of dental implants in patients undergoing BP therapy.Methods: The MEDLINE–PubMed databases of The National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, were searched for articles addressing the focused question: Can dental implants osseointegrate and remain functionally stable in patients undergoing oral and IV BP therapy? Databases were searched from 1995 up to and including February 2010 using the following terms in different combinations: bisphosphonate, dental implant, immediate‐loading, implant survival rate, intravenous, oral, osseointegration, and osteonecrosis.Results: The initial search yielded 89 articles. Scrutiny of the titles and abstracts reduced the number of articles to 12 (seven case reports and five retrospective studies). In 10 studies, the patients were using oral BPs, and in two studies, patients were using IV BPs. Six case reports showed that the placement of implants in patients using BPs could yield a successful osseointegration and function. Four retrospective studies demonstrated that BPs did not have a negative influence on implant success. Two studies showed a negative impact of BPs on implant success.Conclusion: Dental implants can osseointegrate and remain functionally stable in patients using BPs.
Tissue Biotype and Its Relation to the Underlying Bone Morphology
Authors: Fu Jia‐Hui , Yeh Chu‐Yuan , Chan Hsun‐Liang , Tatarakis Nikolaos , Leong Daylene J.M. , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: April 2010

Background: Tissue biotypes have been linked to the outcomes of periodontal and implant therapy. The purpose of this study is to determine the dimensions of the gingiva and underlying alveolar bone in the maxillary anterior region and to establish their association.Methods: Tissue biotypes of 22 fresh cadaver heads were assessed clinically and radiographically with cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. Maxillary anterior teeth were atraumatically extracted. The thickness of both soft tissue and bone were measured using a caliper to the nearest 0.1 mm by two calibrated examiners. Probing depths and gingival recession were measured at two points (mid‐labial and mid‐palatal). Clinical and CBCT measurements of both soft tissue and bone thickness were subsequently compared and correlated.Results: No statistically significant differences were observed between the clinical and CBCT measurements of both soft tissue and bone thickness except the palatal soft tissue measurements. The labial gingival thickness was moderately associated with the underlying bone thickness measured with CBCT (R = 0.429; P <0.05). Gingival recession was not associated with the thickness of both labial gingiva and bone.Conclusions: CBCT measurements were an accurate representation of the clinical thickness of both labial gingiva and bone. In addition, the thickness of the labial gingiva had a moderate association with the underlying bone radiographically.
Validation of an Algorithm for Chronic Periodontitis Risk Assessment and Prognostication: Risk Predictors, Explanatory Values, Measures of Quality, and Clinical Use
Authors: Lindskog Sven , Blomlöf Johan , Persson Inger , Niklason Anders , Hedin Anders , Ericsson Leif , Ericsson Mats , Järncrantz Bo , Palo Ulf , Tellefsen Georg , Zetterström Olle , Blomlöf Leif 
Published: April 2010

Background: The American Academy of Periodontology has recently stated that, “[risk assessment will become] increasingly important in periodontal treatment planning and should be part of every comprehensive dental and periodontal evaluation.” (J Periodontol 2006;77:1608). Unaided risk assessment and prognostication show significant variability because chronic periodontitis is a multifactorial disease. This report summarizes the clinical validation of an algorithm for chronic periodontitis risk assessment and prognostication. The algorithm is a Web‐based analytic tool that integrates some 20 risk predictors and calculates scores indicating levels of risk for chronic periodontitis for the dentition (Level I) and, if an elevated risk is found, prognosticates disease progression tooth by tooth (Level II).Methods: An independent clinical validation sample was generated in an open, prospective clinical trial and analyzed in a predetermined validation plan.Results: The analyses identified two threshold scores above which significant progression of periodontitis was found. Based on these scores, sufficiently high explanatory values with significant and increasing parameter estimates for increasing risk were established in Level I, justifying detailed analysis tooth by tooth in Level II. Subsequent prognostication of chronic periodontitis in Level II was found to be accompanied by clinically relevant measures of quality in relation to rates of disease progression. Three score intervals representing increasing levels of periodontitis progression were identified corresponding to increasing levels of significant annual marginal bone loss.Conclusions: The predictors included in the algorithm reflect a relevant selection for periodontitis risk assessment. Risk assessment and prognostication with the algorithm provides the clinician with a validated, reliable, consistent, and objective tool supporting treatment planning.
A Cohort Study on the Association Between Periodontal Disease and the Development of Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Morita Toyoko , Yamazaki Yoji , Mita Ayae , Takada Koji , Seto Misae , Nishinoue Norihide , Sasaki Yoshiyuki , Motohashi Masafumi , Maeno Masao 
Published: April 2010

Background: An association between periodontal disease and metabolic syndrome based on cross‐sectional and case‐control studies was recently reported, but their causal relationship has not been fully clarified. The objective of this cohort study is to investigate the association between periodontal disease and changes in metabolic‐syndrome components to accumulate evidence of the causal relationship between the two conditions.Methods: The study subjects consisted of 1,023 adult employees (727 males and 296 females; mean age: 37.3 years) who underwent medical and dental checkups between 2002 and 2006 and in whom all metabolic‐syndrome components were within the standard values in 2002. The association between the presence of periodontal pockets and the positive conversion of metabolic‐syndrome components was investigated using multiple logistic‐regression analysis, odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results: The presence of periodontal pockets was associated with a positive conversion of one or more metabolic components during the 4‐year observation period (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.1 to 2.2). The ORs for a positive conversion of one component and two or more components were 1.4 (95% CI: 1.0 to 2.1) and 2.2 (95% CI: 1.1 to 4.1), respectively, and the difference was significant for two or more positive components. Of the metabolic‐syndrome components, positive conversions of blood pressure and the blood‐lipid index were significantly associated with the presence of periodontal pockets.Conclusion: The presence of periodontal pockets was associated with a positive conversion of metabolic‐syndrome components, suggesting that preventing periodontal disease may prevent metabolic syndrome.
Prognostic factors in patients who have survived myocardial infarction
Authors: Aleksić Emina , Stamenković Radmila , Đorđević Dragan , Lazarević Gordana , Vulić Duško , Tasić Ivan 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Patients who have survived myocardial infarction (MI), compared to the general population, have an increased risk of reinfarction, myocardial revascularization, and death. In this study we investigated the prognostic significance of the predictors of the risk for adverse coronary events in 118 patients, both male and female, with a confirmed diagnosis of MI in the last 3 years. The predictors of reinfarction, revascularization and death in patients who survived MI were: poor adherence to hypolipemics (hazard ratio [HR] 3.06, p=0.006), physical inactivity (HR 2.22, p=0.056), the number of variable risk factors (HR 1.29, p=0.025), and age (HR 1.06, p=0.007). After the inclusion of the invariable risk factors in the model of multivariant analysis, the following factors were singled out as significant predictors of the risk: gender (HR 3.86, p=0.0015), physical inactivity (HR 2.38, p=0.007), change in the level of triglycerides (HR 1.49, p=0.040), change in the number of variable risk factors (HR 1.41, p=0.0007), and age (HR 1.05, p=0.009). A 3-year follow-up of the patients who survived the first MI and who were enrolled in this study of secondary prevention demonstrated that physical inactivity, the number of variable risk factors and age significantly contributed to an increased risk of reinfarction, revascularization, and death.
An Empirical Categorization of Psychosocial Factors for Clinical Case Formulation and Treatment Planning
Authors: Restifo Sam 
Published: April 2010

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to assemble a basic, empirically derived set of psychosocial ‘linchpin’ factors for use in case formulation and treatment planning. Method: Observations are drawn from clinical work and the psychiatric literature. Conclusion: A generic set of psychosocial factors can be useful in providing reference points for case formulation and treatment planning. Such a categorization of factors might be useful for trainees and could help promote discourse toward a ‘common language’ in psychotherapeutic formulation.
Grass Control in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) with Clethodim and Selected Broadleaf Herbicide Combinations1
Authors: Grichar W. J. , Besler B. A. , Brewer K. D. , Baughman T. A. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Field studies were conducted to evaluate broadleaf signalgrass and southern crabgrass control and effect on peanut yield of clethodim alone and sequential applications with six broadleaf herbicides. When rated 9 wk after treatment (WAT), broadleaf signalgrass control with clethodim followed by (fb) acifluorfen, imazapic, or 2,4-DB 24 hr later did not differ from clethodim alone. When acifluorfen, acifluorfen plus bentazon, imazethapyr, imazapic, and lactofen were applied in a tank-mix with clethodim, broadleaf signalgrass control was less than 65%. Clethodim alone or clethodim plus 2,4-DB controlled 86 and 73% broadleaf signalgrass, respectively. When acifluorfen, acifluorfen plus bentazon, or imazethapyr was fb clethodim, signalgrass control was less than 72%. Southern crabgrass control was reduced in 2 of 3 yr from clethodim alone when acifluorfen was tank-mixed with clethodim. When other broadleaf herbicides were tank-mixed with clethodim, reduced crabgrass control was noted in only 1 of 3 yr. Where no POST herbicides were used, peanut yield was &lt; 1600 kg/ha, while all plots which received a POST herbicide yielded over 2200 kg/ha.
Effects of Shell and Low Moisture Content on Peanut Seed Longevity
Authors: Rao N. Kameswara , Sastry D. V. S. S. R. , Bramel P. J. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) germplasm accessions in ICRISAT genebank are conserved as pods under medium-term conditions (4 C and 30% RH). Pod storage requires far greater space than seed storage and is more likely to be expensive, especially in a controlled environment. With the objective to evolve cost effective strategies for conservation, the survival of in-shell and shelled seeds of two peanut cultivars, ICGS 76 (virginia bunch) and JL24 (spanish), was studied under three different storage conditions— ambient (20-40 C and 30-80% RH), short term (23-25 C and 40-50% RH), and medium term (4 C and 30% RH). In-shell seeds had marginally greater longevity than shelled seed in all storage conditions. The differences in time for regeneration of in-shell and shelled seeds stored under medium term conditions were estimated to be less than 4 mo for both the cultivars. Because of the much reduced volume required for storage and the insignificant differences in regeneration interval, conservation of shelled seeds would be highly cost-effective under the controlled environmental conditions, as compared to in-shell seeds. Since storage at very low moisture contents was suggested as a simple and low cost option for conservation of seed lots required for short-term use, the longevity of peanut seeds (cv. ICGS 76) hermetically sealed with 3.6% moisture content was studied in comparison with seeds held at 5.8% moisture. The studies showed that peanut seeds hermetically stored at room temperature (23-25 C) with low moisture content (below 4%) could retain high germination (&gt; 85%) for up to 8 yr.
Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) Interface in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)
Authors: Johnson W. Carroll , Mullinix Benjamin G. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Studies were conducted from 1997 to 1999 at the Coastal Plain Experiment Station in Tifton, GA to measure the full-season interference of yellow nutsedge in peanut using a response prediction experiment with a natural infestation of yellow nutsedge. Seeds of cultivar Georgia Green were planted in May each year, and plots were established immediately after crop emergence. Plots were 1.8 m by 1.8 m. with six replications. Yellow nutsedge plants were counted 28 d after crop emergence in each plot, and six weed-free plots were randomly established. Parameters measured were peanut yield and yellow nutsedge tuber contamination in harvested peanut. Yellow nutsedge densities ranged from 0 to 169 plants/m2. Regression analysis indicated a 25% reduction in peanut yield with a yellow nutsedge infestation of approximately 68 plants/m2. Each yellow nutsedge plant/m2 reduced peanut yield by 13 kg/ha. There was a positive linear response between yellow nutsedge density and number of tubers contaminating harvested peanut. Tuber contamination increased by 5190 tubers/ha for every yellow nutsedge plant/m2. The results indicated that yellow nutsedge is a poor competitor with peanut. However, tuber contamination in harvested peanuts should be considered when using these results in developing treatment thresholds.
Peanut Response to Ethalfluralin, Pendimethalin, and Trifluralin Preplant Incorporated1
Authors: Dotray P. A. , Keeling J. W. , Grichar W. J. , Prostko E. P. , Lemon R. G. , Everrit J. D. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Field experiments were conducted at Yoakum (south Texas) in 1996 and 1997, Comanche (central Texas) in 1998, and Lamesa (west Texas) in 1998 and 1999 to evaluate peanut tolerance to dinitroaniline herbicides. At Lamesa, ethalfluralin at 0.63 or 0.84 kg/ha, pendimethalin at 0.56 or 0.84 kg/ha, and trifluralin at 0.56 or 0.71 kg/ha were applied preplant incorporated (PPI), and at Yoakum and Comanche, ethalfluralin and pendimethalin were applied PPI at 0.67, 0.84, 1.12, and 1.68 kg/ha. There were no differences in stand establishment or yield for any treatment at Lamesa, Comanche, or Yoakum. Similarly, canopy stature was not affected at Lamesa nor was grade affected at Comanche or Yoakum. At Lamesa, yields by herbicide averaged across rates, incorporation methods, and years ranged from 4530 to 4920 kg/ha; by rate averaged across herbicides, incorporation methods, and years was 4600 to 4750 kg/ha; and by incorporation method averaged across herbicides, rates, and years was 4580 to 4770 kg/ha. At Yoakum and Comanche, yields by herbicide were 2640 and 2950 kg/ha, respectively, when averaged across rates; and by rate they ranged from 2630 to 2990 kg/ha when averaged across herbicides. These data indicate peanut has tolerance (safety) to ethalfluralin, pendimethalin, and trifluralin applied PPI in Texas.
Laboratory Bioassay Evaluating Peanut Seedlings for Resistance to the Southern Corn Rootworm, Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi Barber (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Scott J. H. , Brandenburg R. L. , Kennedy G. G. , Isleib T. G. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop a laboratory bioassay that consistently distinguishes peanut genotypes (Arachis hypogaea L.) based on their potential susceptibility or resistance to the southern corn root-worm (SCR), Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi Barber, a major soil insect pest of peanut in North Carolina, Virginia, and other states. The susceptibility or resistance of a peanut genotype to the SCR was characterized by the survival, development, and mean weight of the pest after feeding for 14 d on seedlings of different peanut genotypes. An initial 14 d seedling bioassay demonstrated the ability of the technique to separate a susceptible cultivar (NC 7) from a resistant cultivar (NC 6) based on the percentage of SCR that survived after 14 d, the percentages and mean weight of surviving SCR in larvae, prepupae, and pupae. Subsequently, two 14 d seedling bioassays evaluated five additional peanut genotypes that were believed to have some resistance to the SCR (N97059N, N92069L, VA 861101, VT 9506114–1, NC-GP WS 9) along with the susceptible (NC 7) and resistant (NC 6) controls. The final two bioassays were modified to test the differences in the percentages of SCR adults that emerged and the time required for adult emergence after feeding as larvae on the susceptible (NC 7) and resistant (NC 6) peanut seedlings. The 14 d seedling bioassay represents an improvement over earlier seedling bioassays because of its consistent ability to distinguish susceptible and resistant peanut genotypes, and because of the diversity of parameters measured. It consistently separated the susceptible (NC 7) and resistant (NC 6) controls, with one or more of the parameters measured. The breeding line N92069L and the germplasm line NC-GP WS 9 were shown to result in significantly lower survival of SCR and to delay development relative to the susceptible control NC 6. A seedling bioassay where eggs were allowed to develop to the adult stage repeatedly separated NC 7 from NC 6 based on the percentages of adults that emerged. Results indicate the seedling bioassay should be a reliable method for screening large numbers of peanut genotypes before committing the time, space, and labor required for field evaluations. In addition, future peanut breeding programs should consider attempting to introduce the resistance expressed in NC-GP WS 9, N92069L, and N97059N into lines with desirable agronomic characteristics.
Book Reviews
Authors: Dargavel John , Finch Jonathan , Hunter Richard , Lambert Robert , Satya Laxman D. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Thaddeus Sunseri, Wielding the Ax: State Forestry and Social Conflict in Tanzania, 1820-2000 (John Dargavel)
Oliver H. Creighton, Designs upon the Land: Elite Landscapes of the Middle Ages (Jonathan Finch)
Christopher T. Fisher, J. Brett Hill and Gary M. Feinman, eds., The Archaeology of Environmental Change: Socionatural Legacies of Degradation and Resilience (Richard Hunter)
Libby Robin, Robert Heinsohn and Leo Joseph, eds., Boom and Bust: Bird Stories for a Dry Country (Robert Lambert)
Sanjam Ahluwalia, Reproductive Restraints: Birth Control in India, 1877-1947 (Laxman D. Satya)
Analysis of γδ T Cell Functions in the Mouse
Authors: Born Willi K. , Yin Zhinan , Hahn Youn-Soo , Sun Deming , O’Brien Rebecca L. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Mouse models of disease and injury have been invaluable in investigations of the functional role of γδ T cells. They show that γδ T cells engage in immune responses both early and late, that they can function both polyclonally and as peripherally selected clones, and that they can be effector cells and immune regulators. They also suggest that functional development of γδ T cells occurs stepwise in thymus and periphery, and that it is governed by γδ TCR-signaling and other signals. Finally, they indicate that γδ T cell functions often segregate with TCR-defined subsets, in contrast to conventional T cells. From the functional studies in mice and other animal models, γδ T cells emerge as a distinct lymphocyte population with a unique and broad functional repertoire, and with important roles in Ab responses, inflammation and tissue repair. They also are revealed as a potentially useful target for immune intervention.
Isolation of Proteins by Heat‐Induced Extraction from Formalin‐Fixed, Paraffin‐Embedded Tissue and Preparation of Tryptic Peptides for Mass Spectrometric Analysis
Authors: Tian Yuan , Zhang Hui 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThis unit describes a method of isolating of proteins from formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tissue for mass spectrometry analysis. Heat‐induced antigen retrieval is the basis of the protein extraction strategy presented in this protocol. This protocol may be used to identify nuclear, cytosolic, and membrane proteins from FFPE tissues extracted from tissue blocks or slides. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol. 90:10.26.1‐10.26.7. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Installation of Site‐Specific Methylation into Histones Using Methyl Lysine Analogs
Authors: Simon Matthew D. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractChromatin structure is influenced by post‐translational modifications on histones, the principal basic protein component of chromatin. In order to study one of these modifications, lysine methylation, in the context of reconstituted chromatin, this unit describes the installation of analogs of methyl lysine residues into recombinant histones. The modification site is specified by mutating the lysine of interest to cysteine. The mutant histones are expressed and purified, and the cysteine residue alkylated to produce N‐methyl aminoethylcysteine, an isosteric analog of methyl lysine. Using different alkylating reagents, it is possible to install analogs of mono‐, di‐, or trimethyl lysine. While these analogs are not identical to methyl lysine residues, they show similar biochemical properties to their natural counterparts. The ease of synthesis of methyl lysine analog (MLA) histones, especially on a large scale, makes them particularly useful reagents for studying the effects of histone lysine methylation on chromatin structure, biophysics and biochemistry. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol. 90:21.18.1‐21.18.10. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Yeast Cell Cycle Analysis: Combining DNA Staining with Cell and Nuclear Morphology
Authors: Calvert Meredith E.K. , Lannigan Joanne 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIn studies of eukaryotic cell cycle regulation, the budding yeastSaccharoymyces cerevisiaeoffers many advantages as a model system. Due to its simple growth requirements and genetic tractability, this organism is a powerful tool for investigating the molecular regulation of cell cycle control. One earlier disadvantage to performing cell cycle analyses in yeast was that existing methods were restricted to either visual analysis or flow cytometry, both of which present limitations in the scope and accuracy of the data obtained. This unit demonstrates the combined use of DNA content measurements and bright‐field image analysis using multispectral imaging flow cytometry (MIFC) to provide a more precise quantitation of yeast cell cycle distribution. The advantage of this method is the ability to analyze large numbers of cells using multiple cell cycle indicators in a relatively short amount of time.Curr. Protoc. Cytom. 52:9.32.1‐9.32.16. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.