bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of a Nurse‐Led Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain Clinic on Healthcare Utilization
Authors: Ryan S. , Packham J. C. , T Dawes P. , Jordan K. P. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAims and objectivesTo determine whether a nurse‐led chronic musculoskeletal pain clinic for fibromyalgia patients can reduce utilization of healthcare services.BackgroundPeople with fibromyalgia often consult multiple specialities due to the vast nature of their symptoms but receive little or no help in managing their symptoms.DesignA retrospective evaluation of a nurse consultant‐led chronic pain management clinic.MethodsThe frequency of hospital attendances in the five years before and three years after pain clinic attendance was evaluated. General practitioner (GP) attendances in the 12‐month period before and after pain clinic attendance were compared with attendances for two groups of patients from an established GP cohort: (i) patients referred to rheumatology new patient clinics and (ii) all patients with fibromyalgia referred to any hospital new patient clinic.ResultsIn the three years following attendance at the pain clinic, the mean number of hospital appointments fell significantly from 2.8 to 1.4 per annum (p < 0.001). The mean reduction seen in hospital clinic attendances in the first year (0.8/annum) improved in the second (1.2/annum) and third (2.1/annum) years. Seventy‐eight per cent of pain clinic patients reduced their visits to their GP in the 12 months following treatment in the pain service, compared with 53% of patients referred to rheumatology clinics and 46% of patients with fibromyalgia.ConclusionA nurse‐led chronic pain clinic for fibromyalgia patients can have a positive impact on primary and secondary healthcare utilization.Relevance to clinical practiceHaving a designated nurse‐led pain clinic can enable patients to access the appropriate service at an earlier stage in their condition and receive the support needed to manage the impact of their pain. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A multi‐asperity plastic‐contact crack plane model for geomaterials
Authors: Mihai I. C. , Jefferson A. D. 
Published: June 2012

SUMMARYA mechanistic constitutive model for fully formed cracks in geomaterials, such as concrete and rock, is presented. A three‐dimensional characterisation of the crack morphology is employed in which the crack surface is idealised as a series of conical teeth and corresponding recesses of variable height and slope. Based on this geometrical characterisation, an effective contact function is derived to relate the contact stresses that develop on the sides of the teeth to the net stresses on a crack plane. Plastic embedment and frictional sliding are simulated using a local plasticity model in which the plastic surfaces are expressed in terms of the contact surface function in cylindrical relative displacement space. Finally, the performance of the model is assessed against several sets of experimental data from direct shear tests, and it is concluded that the model is able to capture key characteristics of the behaviour of fully formed cracks in geomaterials. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An analytical solution for rainfall infiltration into an unsaturated infinite slope and its application to slope stability analysis
Authors: Zhan Tony L. T. , Jia G. W. , Chen Y.‐M. , Fredlund D. G. , Li H. 
Published: June 2012

SUMMARYSurficial slope failures in residual soils are common in tropical and subtropical regions as a result of rainfall infiltration. This study develops an analytical solution for simulating rainfall infiltration into an infinite unsaturated soil slope. The analytical solution is based on the general partial differential equation for water flow through unsaturated soils. It can accept soil–water characteristic curve and unsaturated permeability function of the exponential form into account. Numerical simulations are conducted to verify the assumptions of the analytical solution and demonstrate that the proposed analytical solution is acceptable for the coarse soils with low air entry values. The pore‐water pressure (pwp) distributions obtained from the analytical solution can be incorporated into a limit equilibrium method to do infinite slope stability analysis for a rain‐induced shallow slip. The analysis method takes into account the influence of the water content change on unit weight and hence on factor of safety. A series of analytical parametric analyses have been performed using the developed model. The analyses indicate that when the residual soil slope, consisting of a completely decomposed granite layer underlain by a less permeable layer, is subjected to a continuous heavy rainfall, the loss of negative pwp and the reduction in factor of safety were found to be most significant for the shallow soil layer and during the first 12 h. The antecedent and subsequent rainfall intensity, depth of a less permeable layer and slope angle all have a significant influence on the pwp response and hence the slope stability. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fetal ovarian cysts: an early manifestation of McCune–Albright syndrome?
Authors: Gaspari Laura , Paris Françoise , Nicolino Marc , Hameury Frédéric , Bonnaure Hélène , Pienkowski Catherine , Servant Nadège , Kalfa Nicolas , Sultan Charles 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTObjectiveBeyond the classic triad of peripheral precocious puberty, café‐au‐lait skin pigmentation and polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, partial presentation McCune–Albright syndrome (MAS) has been reported, including the association of isolated recurrent ovarian cysts in early infancy. The aims of this study were to determine whether isolated voluminous fetal unilateral ovarian cysts (diameter > 4 cm) may be associated with a Gsα activating mutation, suggestive of MAS.DesignWe followed five female fetuses presenting with voluminous unilateral ovarian cysts by ultrasonography until delivery. At birth, all patients underwent percutaneous cyst aspiration and two patients later underwent ovariectomy. A sensitive PCR‐based method was used to analyze the Gsα activating mutation in DNA obtained from ovarian cystic fluids or tissue.ResultsAmong the five cases, one Gsα mutation (R201C) was identified in the ovarian tissue.ConclusionsWe demonstrate for the first time that voluminous fetal unilateral ovarian cysts may be suggestive of MAS. Systematic search for the Gsα mutation should be performed in all newborns with voluminous fetal unilateral ovarian cysts requiring percutaneous cyst aspiration, because early diagnosis of MAS prevents unnecessary oophorectomy to eliminate questions of malignancy and imposes long‐term clinical, biological, and imaging follow‐up to detect other early manifestations of MAS. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adverse drug reactions to anthroposophic and homeopathic solutions for injection: a systematic evaluation of German pharmacovigilance databases
Authors: Jong Miek C. , Jong Mats U. , Baars Erik W. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTPurposeMedicinal solutions for injection are frequently applied in anthroposophic medicine and homeopathy. Despite their extensive use, there is little data published on the safety of these products. Therefore, we investigated the safety of anthroposophic and homeopathic solutions for injection through a systematic evaluation of adverse drug reactions (ADRs).MethodsADRs were extracted from the pharmacovigilance databases of eight German manufacturers. Analysed ADRs included case reports in humans only, (spontaneous) case reports from post‐marketing surveillance, literature and clinical/safety trials.ResultsBetween 2000 and 2009, in total, 303 million ampoules for injection were sold, and 486 case reports were identified, corresponding to a total number of 1180 ADRs. Of all case reports, 71.8% (349/486) included ADRs that were listed (e.g. stated in package leaflet), and 9.5% (46/486) of the reports were classified as serious. The most frequently reported ADRs were pruritus, followed by angioedema, diarrhoea and erythema. A total of 27.3% (322/1180) were localized reactions for example; application or injection site erythema, pain, swelling and inflammation. The overall reporting rate of ADRs associated with injections was less than 4 per 1 million sold ampoules and classified as very rare.ConclusionsOur systematic evaluation demonstrated that the reporting rate of ADRs associated with anthroposophic and homeopathic solutions for injection is very low. Most reported ADRs were listed, and one quarter consisted of local reactions. These findings suggest a low risk profile for solutions for injection as therapeutically applied in anthroposophic medicine and homeopathy. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Classifying and treating personality disorders: back to the future?
Authors: Titmarsh Steve 
Published: June 2012

AbstractCurrent diagnostic criteria proposals for personality disorder in what will become the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM‐5), due to be published in May 2013, are, to paraphrase Professor Peter Tyrer, misguided. Steve Titmarsh reports on Professor Tyrer's excellent Keynote Lecture at the Latest Advances in Psychiatry Symposium in March on the problems personality disorder presents to psychiatrists and how some of the issues surrounding diagnosis might be resolved by taking a not‐so‐new approach to the problem.
Effect of metal doping on highly efficient photovoltaics and switchable photovoltage in bismuth ferrite nanotubes
Authors: Gopal Khan Gobinda , Das Rajasree , Mukherjee Nillohit , Mandal Kalyan 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe report enhanced anomalous photovoltaic effects and switchable photovoltage generation in pure and Pr–Cr co‐doped BiFeO3 (BFO) nanotubes (NTs). Influence of metal doping on short circuit current, open circuit voltage, power conversion efficiency and fill factor are investigated. The power conversion efficiency of pure BFO NTs (∼0.207%) is found to be enhanced by several orders of magnitude in comparison with the reported bulk effect. Pr‐doped NTs provide highest values of power conversion efficiency (∼0.5%).magnified image(© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Seasonal dependence of WRF model biases and sensitivity to PBL schemes over Europe
Authors: García‐Díez M. , Fernández J. , Fita L. , Yagüe C. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe seasonal dependence of Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model surface temperature biases and sensitivity to planetary boundary layer (PBL) schemes are jointly explored. For this purpose, the year 2001 was simulated using three different PBL schemes in a domain covering all Europe. The simulations were compared with gridded observations, upper‐air data and high‐frequency station data. Seasonal and daily cycles were analysed, aimed at providing a link between long‐term biases and restricted case studies. The results show that the model mean bias significantly depends on the season, being warm in winter and cold in summer. The winter warm bias is related to misrepresented cold extremes, while a systematic cold bias dominates the whole temperature range in summer. Regarding PBL schemes, an overall underestimation of the entrainment is found, with the non‐local Yonsei University scheme producing systematically warmer temperatures. It is shown that the opposite seasonal biases and systematic behaviour of the PBL schemes during the year lead to a different best‐performing scheme in winter and summer. Moreover, the best‐performing PBL scheme in an average sense is a result of the compensation of errors. The average summer results can be partially explained by a detailed case study. It is concluded that short‐term studies should be used with caution to decide on the parametrizations to be used in long‐term simulations. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
CT‐guided robotic needle biopsy of lung nodules with respiratory motion – experimental system and preliminary test
Authors: Zhou Yu , Thiruvalluvan Kaarvannan , Krzeminski Lukasz , Moore William H. , Xu Zhigang , Liang Zhengrong 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackgroundCT‐guided needle biopsy of lung nodules requires breath holding during needle placement, and is thus inapplicable to patients with difficulty in holding breath.MethodsA robotic needle biopsy technique is introduced, adapting to the patient respiratory pattern and using a robot manipulator to drive the needle towards a moving lung nodule. Based on the nodule respiratory motion model, needle placement is planned to follow an optimal timing and path, and is triggered based on the respiratory phase tracking. An experimental system has been created to study robotic needle placement.ResultsPreliminary phantom tests were conducted based on three representative clinically‐collected lung nodule motion paths, using an 18‐gauge coaxial needle set. 300 needle paths were implemented. Robotic needle driving was accomplished within 0.4 s (a typical respiratory phase), and resulted in a needle placement accuracy of 0.5 mm with a standard deviation about 0.1 mm over the non‐resistance paths.ConclusionThe proposed robotic needle placement technique is promising for accurately biopsying lung nodules under respiratory motion and those with very small sizes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
One-loop BPS amplitudes as BPS-state sums
Authors: Angelantonj Carlo , Florakis Ioannis , Pioline Boris 
Published: June 2012

AbstractRecently, we introduced a new procedure for computing a class of one-loop BPS-saturated amplitudes in String Theory, which expresses them as a sum of one-loop contributions of all perturbative BPS states in a manifestly T-duality invariant fashion. In this paper, we extend this procedure toallBPS-saturated amplitudes of the form ∫FΓd+k,dΦ, withΦbeing a weak (almost) holomorphic modular form of weight − k/2. We use the fact that any suchΦcan be expressed as a linear combination of certain absolutely convergent Poincaré series, against which the fundamental domain F can be unfolded. The resulting BPS-state sum neatly exhibits the singularities of the amplitude at points of gauge symmetry enhancement, in a chamber-independent fashion. We illustrate our method with concrete examples of interest in heterotic string compactifications.
The Association Between H3K4me3 and Antisense Transcription
Authors: Cui Peng , Liu Wanfei , Zhao Yuhui , Lin Qiang , Ding Feng , Xin Chengqi , Geng Jianing , Song Shuhui , Sun Fanglin , Hu Songnian , Yu Jun 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) is well known to occur in the promoter region of genes for transcription activation. However, when investigating the H3K4me3 profiles in the mouse cerebrum and testis, we discovered that H3K4me3 also has a significant enrichment at the 3′ end of actively transcribed (sense) genes, named as 3′-H3K4me3. 3′-H3K4me3 is associated with ∼15% of protein-coding genes in both tissues. In addition, we examined the transcriptional initiation signals including RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) binding sites and 5′-CAGE-tag that marks transcriptional start sites. Interestingly, we found that 3′-H3K4me3 is associated with the initiation of antisense transcription. Furthermore, 3′-H3K4me3 modification levels correlate positively with the antisense expression levels of the associated sense genes, implying that 3′-H3K4me3 is involved in the activation of antisense transcription. Taken together, our findings suggest that H3K4me3 may be involved in the regulation of antisense transcription that initiates from the 3′ end of sense genes. In addition, a positive correlation was also observed between the expression of antisense and the associated sense genes with 3′-H3K4me3 modification. More importantly, we observed the 3′-H3K4me3 enrichment among genes in human, fruitfly and Arabidopsis, and found that the sequences of 3′-H3K4me3-marked regions are highly conserved and essentially indistinguishable from known promoters in vertebrate. Therefore, we speculate that these 3′-H3K4me3-marked regions may serve as potential promoters for antisense transcription and 3′-H3K4me3 appear to be a universal epigenetic feature in eukaryotes. Our results provide a novel insight into the epigenetic roles of H3K4me3 and the regulatory mechanism of antisense transcription.
Review of General Algorithmic Features for Genome Assemblers for Next Generation Sequencers
Authors: Wajid Bilal , Serpedin Erchin 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
In the realm of bioinformatics and computational biology, the most rudimentary data upon which all the analysis is built is the sequence data of genes, proteins and RNA. The sequence data of the entire genome is the solution to the genome assembly problem. The scope of this contribution is to provide an overview on the art of problem-solving applied within the domain of genome assembly in the next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms. This article discusses the major genome assemblers that were proposed in the literature during the past decade by outlining their basic working principles. It is intended to act as a qualitative, not a quantitative, tutorial to all working on genome assemblers pertaining to the next generation of sequencers. We discuss the theoretical aspects of various genome assemblers, identifying their working schemes. We also discuss briefly the direction in which the area is headed towards along with discussing core issues on software simplicity.
Spatiotemporal instability of a variable-density Batchelor vortex
Authors: Di Pierro Bastien , Abid Malek 
Published: June 2012

AbstractLinear and nonlinear impulse responses are computed, using three-dimensional numerical simulations, for an incompressible and variable density (inhomogeneous) Batchelor vortex at a moderately high Reynolds number, $\mathit{Re}= 667$. In the linear framework, the computed wavepacket is decomposed into azimuthal modes whose growth rates are determined along each spatiotemporal ray, in the laboratory frame. It is found that the Batchelor vortex undergoes a convective/absolute transition when the density ratio (inner/ambient), $s$, is varied solely (there is no need for an external counter flow to trigger this transition like that needed in the constant density case). More precisely, it is shown that the transition occurs for heavy vortices when the density ratio reaches a critical value, ${s}_{c} \simeq 1. 08$. For light vortices ($s\lt 1$) no transition was found. It is also shown that the first azimuthal mode that transits have an azimuthal wavenumber $m= \ensuremath{-} 2$ and the transition occurs for a swirl number (a measure of the azimuthal to axial velocity ratio), $q= 0. 57$. It is followed by $m= \ensuremath{-} 1$, then by $m= \ensuremath{-} 3$. When nonlinearities are allowed, it is found that they saturate the amplitude within the linear-response wavepacket, leaving the wavepacket fronts unaffected. The conclusions should thus be the same as those obtained in the linear case: the linear convective/absolute transition should coincide with the nonlinear one for the variable-density Batchelor vortex.
Aeroacoustic power generated by a compact axisymmetric cavity: prediction of self-sustained oscillation and influence of the depth
Authors: Nakı̇boğlu G. , Manders H. B. M. , Hirschberg A. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAeroacoustic power generation due to a self-sustained oscillation by an axisymmetric compact cavity exposed to a low-Mach-number grazing flow is studied both experimentally and numerically. The feedback effect is produced by the velocity fluctuations resulting from a coupling with acoustic standing waves in a coaxial pipe. A numerical methodology that combines incompressible flow simulations with vortex sound theory is used to predict the time-averaged acoustic source power generated by the cavity. The effect of cavity depth on the whistling is addressed. It is observed that the whistling occurs around a peak-whistling Strouhal number which depends on the cavity depth to width ratio. The proposed numerical method provides excellent predictions of the peak-whistling Strouhal number as a function of cavity depth. Given the oscillation amplitude, the numerical method predicts the time-averaged acoustic source power within a factor of two for moderate fluctuation amplitudes. For deep cavities the time-averaged acoustic source power appears to be independent of the cavity depth.
Boundary layer structure in turbulent Rayleigh–Bénard convection
Authors: Shi Nan , Emran Mohammad S. , Schumacher Jörg 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe structure of the boundary layers in turbulent Rayleigh–Bénard convection is studied by means of three-dimensional direct numerical simulations. We consider convection in a cylindrical cell at aspect ratio one for Rayleigh numbers of $\mathit{Ra}= 3\ensuremath{\times} 1{0}^{9} $ and $3\ensuremath{\times} 1{0}^{10} $ at fixed Prandtl number $\mathit{Pr}= 0. 7$. Similar to the experimental results in the same setup and for the same Prandtl number, the structure of the laminar boundary layers of the velocity and temperature fields is found to deviate from the prediction of Prandtl–Blasius–Pohlhausen theory. Deviations decrease when a dynamical rescaling of the data with an instantaneously defined boundary layer thickness is performed and the analysis plane is aligned with the instantaneous direction of the large-scale circulation in the closed cell. Our numerical results demonstrate that important assumptions of existing classical laminar boundary layer theories for forced and natural convection are violated, such as the strict two-dimensionality of the dynamics or the steadiness of the fluid motion. The boundary layer dynamics consists of two essential local dynamical building blocks, a plume detachment and a post-plume phase. The former is associated with larger variations of the instantaneous thickness of velocity and temperature boundary layer and a fully three-dimensional local flow. The post-plume dynamics is connected with the large-scale circulation in the cell that penetrates the boundary region from above. The mean turbulence profiles taken in localized sections of the boundary layer for each dynamical phase are also compared with solutions of perturbation expansions of the boundary layer equations of forced or natural convection towards mixed convection. Our analysis of both boundary layers shows that the near-wall dynamics combines elements of forced Blasius-type and natural convection.
Transverse instability and low-frequency flapping in incompressible separated boundary layer flows: an experimental study
Authors: Passaggia Pierre-Yves , Leweke Thomas , Ehrenstein Uwe 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe unstable dynamics of a transitional laminar separation bubble behind a two-dimensional bump geometry is investigated experimentally using dye visualizations and particle image velocimetry measurements. For Reynolds numbers above a critical value, the initially two-dimensional recirculation bubble is subject to modulations in the spanwise direction which can trigger vortex shedding. Increasing the Reynolds number further, the unstable behaviour is dominated by a low-frequency flapping motion, well known in transonic flows, and here investigated for the first time experimentally in an incompressible flow regime. These phenomena are characterized by non-intrusive measurements of the spatial structure and the frequencies of the unsteady motion. The results are in excellent agreement with previous numerical and theoretical predictions for the same geometry.