bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cutting Edge: Nicastrin and Related Components of γ-Secretase Generate a Peptide Epitope Facilitating Immune Recognition of Intracellular Mycobacteria, through MHC Class II-Dependent Priming of T Cells
Authors: Singh Christopher R. , Bakhru Pearl , Khan Arshad , Li Qing Bo , Jagannath Chinnaswamy 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), the antituberculosis vaccine, localizes within immature phagosomes of macrophages and dendritic cells (APCs), and avoids lysosomal degradation. BCG-derived antigenic peptides are thus inefficiently processed by APCs, and we investigated alternate mechanisms of Ag processing. Proteomics identified that BCG phagosomes are enriched for nicastrin, APH, and presenilin components of γ-secretase, a multimeric protease. Using an in vitro Ag presentation assay and BCG-infected APCs, we found γ-secretase components to cleave BCG-derived Ag85B to produce a peptide epitope, which, in turn, primed IL-2 release from Ag85B-specific T cell hybridoma. siRNA knockdown or chemical inhibition of γ-secretase components using L685458 decreased the ability of BCG or Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected APCs to present Ag85B. In addition, L685485 inhibition of γ-secretase led to a decreased ability of BCG-dendritic cells to immunize mice and induce Ag85B-specific CD4 T cells in vivo. Because BCG and M. tuberculosis sequester within APCs preventing immune recognition, γ-secretase components appear to fortuitously process the immunodominant Ag85B, facilitating immune recognition.
c-Myb and GATA-3 Cooperatively Regulate IL-13 Expression via Conserved GATA-3 Response Element and Recruit Mixed Lineage Leukemia (MLL) for Histone Modification of the IL-13 Locus
Authors: Kozuka Teruhiko , Sugita Mayumi , Shetzline Susan , Gewirtz Alan M. , Nakata Yuji 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
The c-Myb and GATA-3 transcription factors play important roles in T cell development. We recently reported that c-Myb, GATA-3, and Menin form a core transcription complex that regulates GATA-3 expression and ultimately Th2 cell development in human peripheral blood T cells. However, c-Myb roles for Th2 cytokine expression were not demonstrated. In this article, we report that c-Myb and GATA-3 cooperatively play an essential role in IL-13 expression though direct binding to a conserved GATA-3 response element (CGRE), an enhancer for IL-13 expression. c-Myb and GATA-3 were shown to activate the CGRE–IL-13 promoter by ∼160-fold, and mutation of the canonical Myb binding site completely abrogated CGRE enhancer activity. In contrast, mutation of the GATA binding site partially decreased CGRE enhancer activity. GATA-3 did not bind to CGRE when c-myb expression was silenced. c-Myb, GATA-3, Menin, and mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) bound to CGRE in human primary CD4+ effector/memory cells. Moreover, c-myb silencing significantly decreased both methylation of histone H3K4 and acetylation of histone H3K9 at the IL-13 locus in CD4+ effector/memory cells. Therefore, in addition to the strong enhancer effect for the transcription of IL-13, the c-Myb/GATA-3 complex recruits MLL to the CGRE for histone modification of the IL-13 locus during the differentiation of memory Th2 cells.
Optimal L2 Error Estimates for the Interior Penalty DG Method for Maxwell’s Equations in Cold Plasma
Authors: Li Jichun 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn this paper, we consider an interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for the time-dependent Maxwell’s equations in cold plasma. In Huang and Li (J. Sci. Comput., 42 (2009), 321-340), for both semi and fully discrete DG schemes, we proved error estimates which are optimal in the energy norm, but sub-optimal in the L2-norm. Here by filling this gap, we show that these schemes are optimally convergent in the L2-norm on quasi-uniform tetrahedral meshes if the solution is sufficiently smooth.
Conservative Finite-Difference Scheme for High-Frequency Acoustic Waves Propagating at an Interface Between Two Media
Authors: Staudacher J. , Savin É 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis paper is an introduction to a conservative, positive numerical scheme which takes into account the phenomena of reflection and transmission of high frequency acoustic waves at a straight interface between two homogeneous media. Explicit forms of the interpolation coefficients for reflected and transmitted wave vectors on a two-dimensional uniform grid are derived. The propagation model is a Liouville transport equation solved in phase space.
The Ultra Weak Variational Formulation Using Bessel Basis Functions
Authors: Luostari Teemu , Huttunen Tomi , Monk Peter 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe investigate the ultra weak variational formulation (UWVF) of the 2-D Helmholtz equation using a new choice of basis functions. Traditionally the UWVF basis functions are chosen to be plane waves. Here, we instead use first kind Bessel functions. We compare the performance of the two bases. Moreover, we show that it is possible to use coupled plane wave and Bessel bases in the same mesh. As test cases we shall consider propagating plane and evanescent waves in a rectangular domain and a singular 2-D Helmholtz problem in an L-shaped domain.
Complete Radiation Boundary Conditions for Convective Waves
Authors: Hagstrom Thomas , Bécache Eliane , Givoli Dan , Stein Kurt 
Published: October 2011

AbstractLocal approximate radiation boundary conditions of optimal efficiency for the convective wave equation and the linearized Euler equations in waveguide geometry are formulated, analyzed, and tested. The results extend and improve for the convective case the general formulation of high-order local radiation boundary condition sequences for anisotropic scalar equations developed in [4].
Full Aperture Reconstruction of the Acoustic Far-Field Pattern from Few Measurements
Authors: Barucq Hélène , Bekkey Chokri , Djellouli Rabia 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe propose a numerical procedure to extend to full aperture the acoustic far-field pattern (FFP) when measured in only few observation angles. The reconstruction procedure is a multi-step technique that combines a total variation regularized iterative method with the standard Tikhonov regularized pseudo-inversion. The proposed approach distinguishes itself from existing solution methodologies by using an exact representation of the total variation which is crucial for the stability and robustness of Newton algorithms. We present numerical results in the case of two-dimensional acoustic scattering problems to illustrate the potential of the proposed procedure for reconstructing the full aperture of the FFP from very few noisy data such as backscattering synthetic measurements.
High-Order Schemes Combining the Modified Equation Approach and Discontinuous Galerkin Approximations for the Wave Equation
Authors: Agut Cyril , Diaz Julien , Ezziani Abdelaâziz 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe present a new high order method in space and time for solving the wave equation, based on a new interpretation of the “Modified Equation” technique. Indeed, contrary to most of the works, we consider the time discretization before the space discretization. After the time discretization, an additional biharmonic operator appears, which can not be discretized by classical finite elements. We propose a new Discontinuous Galerkin method for the discretization of this operator, and we provide numerical experiments proving that the new method is more accurate than the classical Modified Equation technique with a lower computational burden.
Glaukos® Trabecular Stent used to Treat Steroid-Induced Glaucoma
Authors: Morales-Fernandez Laura , Martinez-De-La-Casa Jose M. , Garcia-Feijoo Julian , Valle David Diaz , Arriola-Villalobos Pedro , Garcia-Sanchez Julian 
Published: October 2011

Purpose This case report illustrates the efficacy of the Glaukos trabecular bypass (Glaukos i-stent, Glaukos Corporation, Laguna Hills, California, USA) used for intraocular pressure (IOP) control in a patient with glaucoma induced by the steroid treatment of post–laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) bilateral anterior uveitis. Methods A 35-year-old woman who had undergone LASIK 5 months previously presented with blurred vision in both eyes. Examination revealed bilateral anterior uveitis and diffuse lamellar keratitis (DLK) requiring steroid treatment. In response to treatment, inflammation improved but the patient had increased IOP that was difficult to control. The course of pressure elevation was more aggressive in the left eye despite the gradual discontinuation of steroids. We therefore decided to place 2 trabecular i-stents in the left eye. Results This solution achieved good pressure control with no associated complications after 1 year follow-up. Conclusions This trabecular bypass seems a safe and effective therapeutic option for IOP control when there is a poor response to conventional treatment in this type of secondary glaucoma.
The Effects of Femoral Derotation Osteotomy in Cerebral Palsy: A Kinematic and Kinetic Study
Authors: Cimolin Veronica , Piccinini Luigi , Portinaro Nicola , Turconi Anna Carla , Albonico Sonia , Crivellini Marcello , Galli Manuela 
Published: October 2011

We attempted to quantify the effects of isolated femoral derotation osteotomies using clinical evaluation and gait analysis (kinematics and kinetics) in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). Twelve children with CP were evaluated before and 10 months after isolated femoral derotation osteotomy, and 15 healthy children were evaluated as controls. There were significant improvements on clinical examination. A better position of the hip and ankle in the transverse plane was evident and significant changes occurred in terms of hip and ankle kinetics after surgery. Improvements in kinematics and hip and ankle power are very important biomechanically. The correction of lever arm dysfunction and more physiological hip and ankle power generation result in an improvement in terms of energy consumption, leading to a more functional and economic gait pattern.
Folk criticism and the Art of critical Folklore Studies
Authors: Gencarella Stephen Olbrys 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
This article continues a call for the development of a critical folklore studies as a mode of activist research to redress human suffering and domination. It examines folk criticism as a vibrant, everyday practice and encourages folklorists to embrace critical perspectives as a continuation of this essential human activity. It draws upon Kenneth Burke, Michael Walzer, Thomas McLaughlin, and Antonio Gramsci to illustrate the intimate relationship between folk and professional criticism. Finally, it offers four forms of critical rhetoric intended to complement traditional folklore scholarship and to pursue social change: formal criticism and critique, performance ethnographies, unmaskings, and genealogies.
Nonequilibrium thermomechanical modeling of liquid drainage/imbibition in trickle beds
Authors: Iliuta I. , Hamidipour M. , Larachi F. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe extend the macroscopic nonequilibrium thermomechanical multiphase flow theory proposed by Hassanizadeh and Gray for porous media to analyze a set of drainage and imbibition experiments in trickle beds. The nonequilibrium model rests on inclusion of mass and momentum conservations for the gas‐liquid interface, nonequilibrium capillary pressure, Helmholtz free energy gradients in the body supply of momentum for fluid bulk phases and gas‐liquid interface, and mass exchange rates between interface and fluid bulks accounting for production and destruction of gas‐liquid interfacial area. To solve the nonequilibrium model, entropy‐consistent constitutive relationships are derived and calibrated using liquid holdup and bed pressure drop measurements in drainage and imbibition. The model captures very well the decay (drainage), and breakthrough (imbibition) curvatures of liquid holdup and pressure drop kinetics, while model closer inspection allows assessing the role of nonequilibrium capillary pressure and of dynamic interfacial mass exchanges for the production/destruction of interfacial area. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 58: 3123–3134, 2012
Variations in sexual behavior among capuchin monkeys function for conspecific mate recognition: a phylogenetic analysis and a new hypothesis for female proceptivity in tufted capuchins
Authors: Matthews Luke J. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractResearchers of capuchin monkeys have noted stereotyped body postures, facial expressions, and vocalizations that accompany copulations in this genus. Notable variations in these sexual behaviors are observed across capuchin species. Although several hypotheses exist to explain variation in the duration and vigor of sexual behaviors across species, there is no proposed explanation for variation in the forms of these behaviors. I hypothesized that the forms of sexual behaviors function as recognition signals of conspecific mates. Such signals are adaptive when F1 hybrids exhibit reduced fitness compared with nonhybrid offspring. Recent evidence from nonprimate taxa supports the existence of species recognition signals during mating. Using newly observed sexual behaviors for Cebus albifrons and a recent phylogeny of capuchins, I found significant support for a key prediction of the conspecific mate recognition hypothesis: evolutionary changes in sexual behaviors were associated with speciation. Given the resultant best model for evolution of sexual behaviors, I reconstructed the ancestral pattern of sexual behaviors for extant capuchin species (genera Cebus and Sapajus). This reconstruction suggests that the extreme female proceptivity of tufted capuchin monkeys may function to increase female reproductive choices in the context of sperm‐limited males (genus Sapajus). Am. J. Primatol. 74:287–298, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Biology‐Oriented Synthesis
Authors: Wetzel Stefan , Bon Robin S. , Kumar Kamal , Waldmann Herbert 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWhich compound classes are best suited as probes and tools for chemical biology research and as inspiration for medicinal chemistry programs? Chemical space is enormously large and cannot be exploited conclusively by means of synthesis efforts. Methods are required that allow one to identify and map the biologically relevant subspaces of vast chemical space, and serve as hypothesis‐generating tools for inspiring synthesis programs. Biology‐oriented synthesis builds on structural conservatism in the evolution of proteins and natural products. It employs a hierarchical classification of bioactive compounds according to structural relationships and type of bioactivity, and selects the scaffolds of bioactive molecule classes as starting points for the synthesis of compound collections with focused diversity. Navigation in chemical space is facilitated by Scaffold Hunter, an intuitively accessible and highly interactive software. Small molecules synthesized according to BIOS are enriched in bioactivity. They facilitate the analysis of complex biological phenomena by means of acute perturbation and may serve as novel starting points to inspire drug discovery programs.
Improvement of natural gas liquid recovery energy efficiency through thermally coupled distillation arrangements
Authors: Van Duc Long Nguyen , Lee Moonyong 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTThe depropanizing, debutanizing, and deisobutanizing fractionation steps of processing natural gas liquids were improved through studying complex distillation arrangements, including the double prefractionator arrangement (DPA), the double dividing wall column (DDWC) arrangement, and the Agrawal arrangement. The DPA and DDWC arrangements were obtained from an initial conventional column sequence, and both offer benefits by decreasing reboiler and condenser power consumption. Reducing the number of columns and their diameters in the DDWC arrangement can potentially reduce construction costs. Inter‐reboiling of the bottom section of the second dividing wall column improved the performance of the DDWC. © 2011 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Use of purified and modified bentonites in linear low‐density polyethylene/organoclay/compatibilizer nanocomposites
Authors: Seyidoglu Tijen , Yilmazer Ulku 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPolyethylene‐based ternary nanocomposites were prepared with different clay structures, obtained by the modification of purified Resadiye bentonite as the reinforcement, a random terpolymer of ethylene, butyl acrylate, and maleic anhydride with the trade name Lotader3210 as the compatibilizer, and linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) as the polymer matrix in an intensive batch mixer. The quaternary ammonium/phosphonium salts used for the modification of bentonite were dimethyldioctadecyl ammonium (DMDA) chloride (Cl), tetrakisdecyl ammonium (TKA) bromide (Br), and tributylhexadecyl phosphonium (TBHP) Br. The effects of the physical properties and structure of the organoclay on the clay dispersion were studied at different clay contents (2 and 5 wt %) and at a compatibilizer/organoclay ratio of 2.5. The extent of organoclay dispersion was determined by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and was verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), mechanical testing, and rheological analysis. XRD analysis showed that the nanocomposite with the organoclay DMDA contained intercalated silicate layers, as also verified by TEM. The TEM analysis of the nanocomposites with TBHP exhibited intercalated/partially exfoliated clay dispersion. TKA, with a crowded alkyl environment, sheltered and hindered the intercalation of polymer chains through the silicate layers. In comparison to pure LLDPE, nanocomposites with a 33–41% higher Young's modulus, 16–9% higher tensile strength, and 75–144% higher elongation at break were produced with DMDA and TBHP, respectively (at 5 wt % organoclay). The storage modulus increased by 807–1393%, and the dynamic viscosity increased by 196–339% with respect to pure LLDPE at low frequencies for the samples with DMDA and TBHP (at 5 wt % organoclay). © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Determination of formaldehyde/urea molar ratio in amino resins by near‐infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Henriques Ana , Cruz Paulo , Martins Jorge , Ferra João M. , Magalhães Fernão D. , Carvalho Luisa H. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractNew processes for synthesis of urea‐formaldehyde (UF) and melamine‐fortified urea‐formaldehyde (mUF) resins have been developed in the last years, motivated by the current concerns about the effects of formaldehyde on human health. All these formulations are quite susceptible to possible operation error, which can significantly influence the characteristics of the final product. The main objective of this work was to implement chemometric techniques for off‐line monitoring of the product's formaldehyde/urea (F/U) molar ratio using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. This allows the timely implementation of the necessary corrections in case the product is off‐specification. Calibration models for F/U molar ratio were developed taking into account the most relevant spectral regions for these resins, individually or in combination (7502–6098 cm−1 and 5000–4246 cm−1) and using different preprocessing methods. When the appropriate spectral range and preprocessing methods are selected, it is possible to obtain calibration models with high correlation values for these resins. The best preprocessing methods were identified for three cases: UF resin (produced by strongly‐acid process), mUF resin (alkaline‐acid process), and a combined model that involves both UF and mUF resins. It was concluded that significantly better accuracy is obtained when a new model is developed for each particular resin system. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Light‐Induced Electron Transfer over Distances of 5, 10, and 15 Å within Water‐Filled Yoctowells
Authors: Bhosale Sheshanath V. , Hackbarth Steffen , Langford Steven J. , Bhosale Sidhanath V. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA small series of variable‐depth yoctowell cavities with ′functional′ walls on aminated silica particles and gold electrodes has been established. The dimensions of the gaps formed were 2.2 nm in diameter with varying ′functional′ depths of 5, 10, and 15 Å, depending on the length of bolaphiles applied and the position of the positive rim; these gaps were prepared through a Michael addition of the incorporated ene‐amide groups. Using this construct and electrostatic interactions between the positive rim and anionic quinones as a means of immobilization, a porphyrin–quinone dyad system has been prepared. The distance between the donor and acceptor was changed systematically in aqueous solution, whilst maintaining a similar environment in each case. Upon photoexcitation of the porphyrin, efficient electron transfer occurs between the porphyrin and quinone units in a distance‐dependent manner on the nanosecond timescale.
Using Delta Range for Fault Detection/Exclusion on GPS Positioning
Authors: Yeh Fu‐Kuang , Chen Hung‐Wei , Tsai Yi‐Hsueh 
Published: October 2011

AbstractConventionally, the well‐known position‐velocity‐acceleration (PVA) model is adopted as the dynamic model of the Kalman filter for global positioning system (GPS) positioning. Nevertheless, when a moving vehicle corners in the situation of accelerated motion, the conventional PVA model without using extra sensors is no longer adequate for describing the motion of the vehicle. Thus, the positioning result of the vehicle is less accurate during accelerated motion, and normalized innovation squared is no longer suitable as the test statistic measurement for fault detection and exclusion on GPS positioning. Therefore, in this paper, the delta range (DR) equation is proposed to accurately model the dynamic behavior of a maneuvering vehicle. We propose both the conventional PVA model and the delta range model on the Kalman filter for a maneuvering vehicle to measure its position. Simulation results show that the proposed delta range can perform both positioning and fault detection and exclusion well as the vehicle maneuvers. Finally, we successfully perform two experiments to demonstrate that the DR model has a better positioning effect than the PVA model for a maneuvering vehicle.Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Effect of oral intake of winged bean extract on a skin lichenification model: Evaluation by microarray analysis
Authors: Shibata Michio , Ishimatsu‐Tsuji Yumiko , Yokoo Mihoshi , Nakai Yuji , Abe Keiko , Muta Keiko 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWinged bean (WB), Psophocarpus tetragonolobus, is a tropical legume, the potential of which is not fully understood. We found that 5‐week oral administration of a WB seed extract inhibited wrinkle formation induced by repeated tape stripping (TS) as a model of lichenification in human chronic eczematous dermatitis. To elucidate the mechanism of the effect of WB on this model, we applied microarray analysis. Hierarchical clustering revealed that each experimental group formed a distinct cluster, suggesting the presence of a distinct gene expression profile among the three groups of non‐TS, TS, and TS with oral administration of WB extract (TS/WB). Gene ontology analysis showed that several gene groups with keratinization and mitosis were significantly upregulated by TS, while other groups with ATP synthesis and glycolysis were significantly downregulated by TS/WB. Moreover, WB extract influenced a number of genes related to epidermal differentiation and inflammation. This suggests that these changes inhibited wrinkle formation by TS.