bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanochemical Backbone Editing for Controlled Degradation of Vinyl Polymers
Authors: Tang Shan , Li Zhuang , Zhang Xiaohui , Zhao Yajun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The chemically inert nature of fully saturated hydrocarbon backbones endows vinyl polymers with desirable durability, but it also leads to their significant environmental persistence. Enhancing the sustainability of these materials requires a pivotal yet challenging shift: transforming the inert backbone into one that is degradable. Here, we present a versatile platform for mechanochemically editing the fully saturated backbone of polyacrylates towards a degradable polymer chain by integrating cyclobutene-fused succinimide (CBS) units along the polymer backbone through photo-iniferter reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) copolymerization. Significantly, the evenly insertion of CBS units does not compromise thermal or chemical stability but rather offers a means to adjust the properties of polymethylacrylate (PMA). Meanwhile, reactive acyclic imide units can be selectively introduced to the backbone through mechanochemical activation (ultrasonication or ball-milling grinding) when required. Subsequent hydrolysis of the acyclic imide groups enables efficient degradation, yielding telechelic oligomers. This approach holds promise for inspiring the design and modification of more environmentally friendly vinyl polymers through backbone editing.
Multi-country evidence on societal factors to include in energy transition modeling
Authors: Fisch-Romito Vivien , Jaxa-Rozen Marc , Wen Xin , Trutnevyte Evelina 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Integrated assessment and energy system models are challenged to account for societal transformation dynamics to produce feasible low-carbon pathways. Yet, empirical evidence is lacking on which factors should be incorporated, how and to what extent this would improve the quality and relevance of modeled pathways. Here, we include six societal factors related to (i) infrastructure dynamics, (ii) actors and decision making and (iii) societal and institutional context into an open-source simulation model of the national power system transition. We apply this model for 31 European countries and, using hindcasting (1990–2019), quantify which societal factors improved the modeled pathways. We find that, if well-chosen and in most cases, incorporating societal factors can improve the hindcasting performance by up to 24% in terms of modelled installed capacity of individual technologies, but there are also situations where hindcasting performance can become worse. The combinations of most relevant societal factors differ among countries and model outputs, but infrastructure lock-in, public acceptance and investment risks contribute more strongly and frequently to model performance improvement. Our study hence paves the road to evidence-based choice of societal factors to be included in energy transition modeling in a systematic and transparent way.
Nonrestorative Sleep Mediates the Influence of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Psychological Distress, Physical Health, Mental Health, and Activity Limitation: A Longitudinal Study for the General Population in Japan
Authors: Megumi  , Kentaro  , Takahiro  , Ryo  , Takuya  , Shingo  , Aoi  , Kentaro  , Tomohiro  , Muneto  , Jun  , Momo  , Daisuke  , Kenichi  
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: This study explores the associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), health problems, and increased daytime inactivity, emphasizing nonrestorative sleep (NRS), a subjective perception of unrefreshing sleep, as a significant contributing factor.
Methods: A longitudinal online survey utilizing data from the Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey was employed. The Kessler distress scale (K6) served as the primary outcome measure, with a score of K6 ≥ 13 indicating psychological distress. Health-Related Quality of Life-4 was utilized to assess mentally unhealthy days, physically unhealthy days, and days with activity limitation, indicating mental health problems, physical health problems, and daytime inactivity if exceeding 14 days monthly, respectively. NRS frequency within the past 30 days was evaluated on a 5-point scale, with "usually" (16 days or more) indicating NRS presence. ACEs were identified when four or more items from a validated ACEs list were selected. A causal mediation analysis was performed.
Results: Among the 17,042 participants, 52.8% were male, averaging 50.35 years of age (SD = 17.73). Approximately 11.1% reported four or more ACEs. Notably, 16.7% met NRS criteria, while 9.6% met psychological distress criteria. The proportions of individuals with physical health problems, mental health problems, and activity limitations were 6.4%, 6.2%, and 4.2%, respectively. Significant mediational pathways via NRS were observed from ACEs to psychological distress (RR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.08–1.19, p < 0.001), physical health problems (RR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.21–1.40, p < 0.001), mental health problems (RR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.13–1.28, p < 0.001), and daytime inactivity (RR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.17–1.37, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: This study suggests that NRS mediates the impact of ACEs on mental or physical health issues and daytime inactivity. Further research is needed to determine whether targeting NRS can alleviate ACE-associated health problems.
Generalization of Some Integral Inequalities in Multiplicative Calculus With Their Computational Analysis
Authors: Mateen Abdul , Zhang Zhiyue , Ali Muhammad Aamir , Feckan Michal 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This paper focuses on the generalization of some multiplicative integral inequalities for twice differentiable functions. First, we derive multiplicative integral identity for multiplicatvely twice differentiable functions. Then, with the help of integral identity, we prove a family of integral inequalities such that Simpson’s, Hermite-Hadamard, Midpoint, Trapezoid and Bullen’s types inequalities for multiplicatively convex functions. Moreover, we provide some numerical examples and computational analysis of these newly established inequalities to show the validity of the results for multiplicatively convex functions. The generalized forms derive in this research offer valuable tools for researchers in various fields.
2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. 34A08, 26A51, 26D15.
Molecular Analysis and Ex Vivo Infectivity of Seronegative Occult Hepatitis C Virus: A Study in Single Haemodialysis Centre
Authors:   Microbiology Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, Malaysia, Abdul Rahman Siti Nurul Fazlin , Hamzah Hairul Aini ,   Microbiology Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, Malaysia, Mustafa Mahmud Mohammed Imad A. ,   Microbiology Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, Malaysia, Mat Harun Noraihan ,   Molecular and Biochemistry Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, Malaysia
Published: April 2024

Background: In occult hepatitis C virus infection (OCI), hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid (HCV RNA) is detectable in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) but is not evident in serum or plasma. Understanding of OCI in patients with seronegative anti-HCV antibodies is limited. Methods: In this study, six HCV isolates from haemodialysis (HD) patients with seronegative OCI were identified by molecular assays and phylogenetic analysis. The virus infectivity was assessed ex vivo using a primary naïve PBMC culture system. HCV isolates obtained from the PBMCs of 10 patients with chronic HCV infection (CCI) were characterised concurrently and used as positive controls in the cell culture.	Results: Sequence analysis of the 5ʹ untranslated region (UTR) and non-structural 5B (NS5B) region revealed that HCV genotype 3 was the most prevalent virus type in both the OCI and CCI groups. One of the occult HCV isolates was identified as a mixed type. The mean viral load (log10 RNA copies/106 cells) in the PBMC samples of the OCI group (M = 3.4, SD = 0.7) was lower than that of the CCI group (M = 4.6, SD = 1.7). Upon culture, de novo OCI-HCV replicates were detected in five out of six naïve PBMC cultures. Analysis of the replicates showed a single guanine addition in the domain III of 5’-UTR but the overall molecular structure was retained. Conclusion: Seronegative OCI is an active form of infection that replicates at a low level in PBMCs. Seronegative OCI may share the same route of transmission as CCI. The retained viral competency may have an implication for its persistence.
Raman Match: Application for automated identification of minerals from Raman spectroscopy data
Authors: Berrada Meryem , McFall Alan , Chen Bin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is a rapid, nondestructive analysis technique used in various scientific disciplines, including mineralogy, chemistry, materials science, and biology. The analysis of Raman spectra and the identification of specific substances in unknown samples can be complex and time-consuming due to the large database of Raman spectra. The Raman Match application was developed to simplify and automate the sample identification process through a search and match method. The application integrates the well-established RRUFF Raman database with the Python programming language. It provides a user-friendly graphical interface to load Raman spectra, identify and fit peaks, match peaks to the reference libraries, visualize the results, and generate publication-ready figures. The application offers a swift and automated method for mineral identification using Raman spectroscopy in laboratory and field settings and during planetary exploration missions to extraterrestrial environments with constraints on time and resources.
Optical CuAl2O4 used as photocatalyst for IC dye degradation
Authors: Dabhade Ganesh , Malpure Ankita , Borhade Ashok , Shewale Yogita , Kushare Sachin , Daware Gaurav , Rajesh Yennam 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

The nanocrystalline copper aluminate (CuAl2O4) has been successfully synthesized by a simple, economical, and environmentally friendly solid-state mechanochemical (MCH) method. The prepared sample was characterized by a variety of suitable methods employed, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The material's average particle size was 55 nm and stoichiometric. CuAl2O4 has been found to exhibit potent photocatalytic activity toward indigo carmine (IC) when subjected to UV light. Under UV radiation, 10 mg CuAl2O4 leads to 99 ± 1% degradation of an 8 ppm IC dye solution among 2 ppm, 4 ppm, 6 ppm, 8 ppm, and 10 ppm in 25 min. In addition, a prospective liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technique is identified in the current work, which provides potential routes for the photocatalytic breakdown of IC. Even after five consecutive cycles, the photocatalyst showed remarkable reusability and stability.
Hybrid modeling of karstic springs: Error correction of conceptual reservoir models with machine learning
Authors: Bouhafa N. , Sakarovitch C. , Lalague Laura , Goulard F. , Pryet Alexandre 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Accurate spring discharge modeling and prediction is crucial for water management, helping authorities optimize use, manage variability, and prepare for droughts. Developing reliable simulation and forecasting tools is essential for effective management of groundwater resources from karstic springs. Although hybrid modeling approaches have been explored in hydrology, their application to spring discharge modeling is underexplored. Previous studies have focused on conceptual/distributed or data-driven models separately, missing the potential advantages of combining them. This creates a research gap in exploring the benefits of hybrid models for spring discharge. This study developed a hybrid model combining a conceptual GR5J model with Random Forests to simulate spring discharge from Bordeaux's largest karst aquifer. Model performance was assessed through comparison with the individual GR5J, RF, and benchmark models (weekly average of observed values). The hybrid model outperformed all models. Evaluation using actual meteorological data found the hybrid model achieved the highest accuracy by reducing GR5J simulation errors by 22%. When considering meteorological uncertainty, the hybrid model outperformed the individual GR5J, RF and benchmark models by 11, 30 and 47% respectively. The study findings suggest combining conceptual and machine learning approaches can improve spring discharge simulations, opening promising opportunities for enhanced forecasting in karst aquifers.
Efficacy of a Multimodal Digital Behavior Change Intervention on Lifestyle Behavior, Cardiometabolic Biomarkers, and Medical Expenditure: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Howard-Wilson Sakeina , Ching Jack , Gentile Sherri , Ho Martin , Garcia Alex , Ayturk Didem , Lazar Peter , Hammerquist Nova , McManus David , Barton Bruce , Bird Steven , Moore John , Soni Apurv 
Published: April 2024

Background
The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends providers offer individualized healthy behavior interventions for all adults, independent of their risk of cardiovascular disease. While strong evidence exists to support disease-specific programs designed to improve multiple lifestyle behaviors, approaches to adapting these interventions for a broader population are not well established. Digital behavior change interventions (DBCIs) hold promise as a more generalizable and scalable approach to overcome the resource and time limitations that traditional behavioral intervention programs face, especially within an occupational setting.

Objective
We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a multimodal DBCI on (1) self-reported behaviors of physical activity, nutrition, sleep, and mindfulness; (2) cardiometabolic biomarkers; and (3) chronic disease–related medical expenditure.

Methods
We conducted a 2-arm randomized controlled trial for 12 months among employees of an academic health care facility in the United States. The intervention arm received a scale, a smartphone app, an activity tracker, a video library for healthy behavior recommendations, and an on-demand health coach. The control arm received standard employer-provided health and wellness benefits. The primary outcomes of the study included changes in self-reported lifestyle behaviors, cardiometabolic biomarkers, and chronic disease–related medical expenditure. We collected health behavior data via baseline and quarterly web-based surveys, biometric measures via clinic visits at baseline and 12 months, and identified relevant costs through claims datasets.

Results
A total of 603 participants were enrolled and randomized to the intervention (n=300, 49.8%) and control arms (n=303, 50.2%). The average age was 46.7 (SD 11.2) years, and the majority of participants were female (80.3%, n=484), White (85.4%, n=504), and non-Hispanic (90.7%, n=547), with no systematic differences in baseline characteristics observed between the study arms. We observed retention rates of 86.1% (n=519) for completing the final survey and 77.9% (n=490) for attending the exit visit.

Conclusions
This study represents the largest and most comprehensive evaluation of DBCIs among participants who were not selected based on their underlying condition to assess its impact on behavior, cardiometabolic biomarkers, and medical expenditure.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04712383; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04712383

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR1-10.2196/50378
Using AI-Based Technologies to Help Nurses Detect Behavioral Disorders: Narrative Literature Review
Authors: Fernandes Sofia , von Gunten Armin , Verloo Henk 
Published: April 2024

Background
The behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are common among people with dementia and have multiple negative consequences. Artificial intelligence–based technologies (AITs) have the potential to help nurses in the early prodromal detection of BPSD. Despite significant recent interest in the topic and the increasing number of available appropriate devices, little information is available on using AITs to help nurses striving to detect BPSD early.

Objective
The aim of this study is to identify the number and characteristics of existing publications on introducing AITs to support nursing interventions to detect and manage BPSD early.

Methods
A literature review of publications in the PubMed database referring to AITs and dementia was conducted in September 2023. A detailed analysis sought to identify the characteristics of these publications. The results were reported using a narrative approach.

Results
A total of 25 publications from 14 countries were identified, with most describing prospective observational studies. We identified three categories of publications on using AITs and they are (1) predicting behaviors and the stages and progression of dementia, (2) screening and assessing clinical symptoms, and (3) managing dementia and BPSD. Most of the publications referred to managing dementia and BPSD.

Conclusions
Despite growing interest, most AITs currently in use are designed to support psychosocial approaches to treating and caring for existing clinical signs of BPSD. AITs thus remain undertested and underused for the early and real-time detection of BPSD. They could, nevertheless, provide nurses with accurate, reliable systems for assessing, monitoring, planning, and supporting safe therapeutic interventions.
Construção de um guia para preenchimento dos indicadores do previne Brasil no prontuário eletrônico do cidadão
Authors: Gomes Lais Cristina Pereira da Costa , Araújo Lorena Gomes de , Vasconcelos Lidiane Assunção de , Duarte Leila do Socorro Santos 
Published: April 2024

O programa Previne Brasil foi instituído pela Portaria nº 2.979, de 12 de novembro de 2019, como novo modelo de financiamento da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Nesse contexto, nosso objetivo é relatar a experiência de elaboração de uma tecnologia educacional (TE) em formato de guia, para uso dos profissionais das Equipes de Saúde da Família (ESF), que visa o registro correto das informações dos indicadores do Previne Brasil no Prontuário Eletrônico do Cidadão (PEC). Trata-se de um relato de experiência de duas enfermeiras residentes do Programa de Saúde da Família Multiprofissional da Universidade do Estado do Pará, que aborda a elaboração e aplicação de um guia para auxiliar o preenchimento correto de informações referentes aos indicadores de desempenho do Previne Brasil no PEC. A construção do guia se deu a partir das normativas contidas nas notas técnicas do Ministérios da Saúde e dos conhecimentos práticos adquiridos no manuseio do PEC pelas autoras, em plataforma online gratuita de criação de projeto gráficos (Canva). Com um total de 20 páginas, o guia conta com uma apresentação em forma de fluxo simplificado com palavras-chave e imagens reais do PEC. O guia foi bem aceito pelos profissionais, uma vez que seu uso se mostrou prático, o que facilitou o registro das informações de forma mais clara e vantajosa, sendo uma excelente TE. Ademais, ressalta-se a importância de divulgar e compartilhar experiências exitosas que contribuam para melhorias no cenário da APS.
Palavras-chave: Atenção Primária à Saúde. Educação permanente. Tecnologia educacional.
KONSEP LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM PERSPEKTIF KH. AHMAD DAHLAN (1868–1923M)
Authors: Warahmah Mawaddah 
Published: April 2024

Terdapatnya beberapa tokoh Islam yang mengemukakan konsep pendidikan Islam yang masing-masing memiliki ciri khas dan perbedaan - membuat penelitian ini berfokus membahas konsep lembaga pendidikan Islam perspektif KH. Ahmad Dahlan. Sumber data dalam tulisan ini didapatkan melalui kajian pustaka buku-buku yang berjudul “K.H. Ahmad Dahlan (1868 – 1923)” yang ditulis oleh Mu’thi (2015). Tulisan ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan metode kajian pustaka (library research). Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsep lembaga pendidikan islam menurut KH. Ahmad Dahlan memiliki sistem tersendiri yang terstruktur dengan memasukkan nilai nilai agama didalamnya. Komponen-komponen di suatu lembaga pendidikan seperti siswa, guru/pendidik, kurrikulum, dan sistem penyelenggaranya dapat dibangun dengan konsep islam yang diajarkan demi tercapai tujuan pendidikan islam yang baik dan benar
Pemanfaatan Program Power Point Sebagai Media Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Sejarah Peserta Didik Kelas XII IPS SMA Negeri 12 Pekanbaru
Authors: Nelwita Nelwita 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis research is motivated by the problem of learning history which is considered difficult and boring so it results in low learning outcomes. One of the factors that cause students to experience delays in integrating teaching materials is not using tools (media) in learning, in addition to using content that is not on target and not following the current social context. This research aims to improve and improve the quality of history learning and to help empower teachers in solving history learning problems at SMA Negeri 12 Pekanbaru. This research method uses Classroom Action Research in class XII IPS 1 SMA Negeri 12 Pekanbaru. Based on the results of the study it was concluded that the use of powerpoint media can increase learning motivation and learning outcomes of students in SMA Negeri 12 PekanbaruTRANSLATE with x EnglishArabicHebrewPolishBulgarianHindiPortugueseCatalanHmong DawRomanianChinese SimplifiedHungarianRussianChinese TraditionalIndonesianSlovakCzechItalianSlovenianDanishJapaneseSpanishDutchKlingonSwedishEnglishKoreanThaiEstonianLatvianTurkishFinnishLithuanianUkrainianFrenchMalayUrduGermanMalteseVietnameseGreekNorwegianWelshHaitian CreolePersian // TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster PortalBack//
Stylistic Techniques in Demotivational Posters During COVID-19 Pandemic and Self-Isolation Period
Authors: Gukosyants O. Yu. 
Published: April 2024

This study examines the visual stylistic devices used in the iconic component of demotivators during the pandemic and self-isolation period. It is argued that the significant impact potential of the iconic component of demotivators stimulates their creators to produce more expressive visual components. Achieving this goal is possible through the implementation of stylistic techniques not only in the verbal text but also in the accompanying imagery. It is noted that the most frequently used visual stylistic device in the analyzed material is metaphor. The impactful effect in the examined demotivators was also achieved through the presence of visual hyperbole, comparisons, allusions, contamination, gradation, pun, allegory, parallelism, and antithesis in the iconic part. It was found that stylistic techniques exclusively in the iconic part are present in 47% of the analyzed polycodal texts (in 13% of cases, the verbal component was completely absent, in 34% of cases, the presented verbal text served as an explanation of the meaning reflected in the illustration). 53% of the examined polycodal texts demonstrated the presence of stylistic techniques in both the iconic and verbal parts. Furthermore, the duplication of stylistic techniques in the verbal text and the image is characteristic only for 33% of the analyzed demotivators.