bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound Speckle Decorrelation Analysis‐Based Velocimetry for 3D‐Velocity‐Components Measurement Using a 1D Transducer Array
Authors: Wang Yongchao , He Yetao , Chen Wenkai , Tan Jiyong , Tang Jianbo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUltrasound velocimetry has been widely used for blood flow imaging. However, the flow measurements are constrained to resolve the in‐plane 2D flow components when using a 1D transducer array. In this work, an ultrasound speckle decorrelation analysis‐based velocimetry (3C‐vUS) is proposed for 3D velocity components measurement using a 1D transducer array. The 3C‐vUS theory is first derived and validated with numerical simulations and phantom experiments. The in vivo testing results show that 3C‐vUS can accurately measure the blood flow 3D‐velocity‐components of the human carotid artery at arbitrary probe‐to‐vessel angles throughout the cardiac cycle. With such capability, the 3C‐vUS will alleviate the requirement of operators and promote disease screening for blood flow‐related disorders.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Membrane‐Camouflaged Liposomes for Biomimetic Delivery of Cyclosporine A for Hepatic Ischemia‐Reperfusion Injury Prevention
Authors: Chen Haitian , Yin Wen , Yao Kang , Liang Jinliang , Cai Jianye , Sui Xin , Zhao Xuegang , Zhang Jiebin , Xiao Jiaqi , Li Rong , Liu Qiuli , Yao Jia , You Guohua , Liu Yasong , Jiang Chenhao , Qiu Xiaotong , Wang Tingting , You Qiang , Zhang Yingcai , Yang Mo , Zheng Jun , Dai Zong , Yang Yang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHepatic ischemia‐reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a prevalent issue during liver resection and transplantation, with currently no cure or FDA‐approved therapy. A promising drug, Cyclosporin A (CsA), ameliorates HIRI by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis but has systemic side effects due to its low bioavailability and high dosage requirements. This study introduces a biomimetic CsA delivery system that directly targets hepatic lesions using mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) membrane‐camouflaged liposomes. These hybrid nanovesicles (NVs), leveraging MSC‐derived proteins, demonstrate efficient inflammatory chemotaxis, transendothelial migration, and drug‐loading capacity. In a HIRI mouse model, the biomimetic NVs accumulated at liver injury sites entered hepatocytes, and significantly reduced liver damage and restore function using only one‐tenth of the CsA dose typically required. Proteomic analysis verifies the protection mechanism, which includes reactive oxygen species inhibition, preservation of mitochondrial integrity, and reduced cellular apoptosis, suggesting potential for this biomimetic strategy in HIRI intervention.
Synthesis of Naphtho[1′,2′4,5]imidazo[2,1‐b]thiazoles via CuCl‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Ethynylimidazothiazoles With N‐tosyl Hydrazones and Their Antitubercular Activity
Authors: Chirra Nagaraju , Shanigarapu Varshitha , Sridhar Balasubramanian , Kantevari Srinivas 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDescribed herein is a tandem reaction involving a copper chloride‐catalyzed cross‐coupling and an allene‐mediated cyclization of substituted ethynylimidazo[2,1‐b]thiazoles with aromatic N‐tosylhydrazones, producing naphtho[1′,2′4,5]imidazo [2,1‐b]thiazoles in very good yields. This protocol offers the advantages of one‐pot conversion from stable and readily available substrates as well as good functional group compatibility to prepare polycyclic N‐fused heteroaromatic systems. Moreover, the new compounds exhibited promising antitubercular activity.
Recent Advances in Aptamer‐Based Sensors for In Vitro Detection of Small Molecules
Authors: Mu Yueru , Chen Zhenzhen , Zhan Jiayin , Zhang Jingjing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSensitive and accurate detection of small molecules from complex matrix has aroused increasing interest in many fields, yet remains an open challenge. Recent years have witnessed a considerable advance of aptasensors for diagnostic assay development towards diverse small molecules because aptamer is one of the most powerful classes of molecular receptors with advanced affinity and specificity. Herein, we reviewed the small‐molecule aptasensors in the past five years, focusing on the principles to specific applications in clinical diagnosis, food safety, and environmental monitoring. The first introductory section on the development of aptasensors in historical view and its analytical features contextualizes essential health‐related small molecules. The second part highlights the basic components of aptasensor and the detection principles of different sensors based on signal output modes. The subsequent part systematically discusses various small‐molecule sensing platforms by interfacing aptamers with diverse signal amplification strategies. Finally, challenges and perspectives for improving the aptasensor performance are also discussed. By describing biochemical and analytical procedures, this review highlights the optimal use of aptamers in the detection, quantification, and imaging of important health‐related small molecules and presents new insights, technical advances, and engineering strategies for practical applications.
Auslaugungsinduzierte Bewehrungskorrosion in wasserführenden Trennrissen
Authors: Pollner Toni , Rahimi Amir , Dauberschmidt Christoph 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWerden Trennrisse oder Arbeitsfugen von Wasser durchströmt, kommt es zur Auslaugung des Zementsteins und zu einem Alkalitätsverlust. Wie bei der Carbonatisierung führt dieser Verlust zum Abbau der Passivschicht, die sich jedoch auf den angrenzenden Bereich beschränkt. Der Korrosionsfortschritt kann von der Wasseraustauschrate abhängen. In der hier vorgestellten Arbeit wird daher der Einfluss der Wasserdruckhöhe an Prüfkörpern mit Rissbreiten zwischen 0,20 und 0,25 mm (Mittelwerte) auf den Beginn der Depassivierung und die Korrosionsrate untersucht. Die Prüfkörper wurden bei einem hydrostatischen Druck von 0,04 bar, 0,20 bar oder 1,00 bar mit demineralisiertem Wasser beaufschlagt – die Korrosion wurde elektrochemisch erfasst. Wenige Tage nach Beginn der Beaufschlagung fließen bei allen Prüfkörpern hohe Makroelementströme. Infolge Selbstheilung kommt es bei 0,04 bar im späteren Verlauf zum Erliegen des Durchflusses, verbunden mit einem deutlichen Abfall der Makroelementströme. Dagegen führt der zwar verringerte, aber stetige Durchfluss bei 0,20 und 1,00 bar zu einem kontinuierlichen Korrosionsfortschritt. Während eine geplante längere Unterbrechung der Wasserzufuhr in der Repassivierung des Stahls resultiert, hat eine erneute Beaufschlagung sowohl einen erheblichen Anstieg der Durchfluss‐ als auch der Korrosionsrate zur Folge. Die Auslaugung äußert sich in einem Anstieg des pH‐Werts des ausströmenden Wassers und in einer verringerten Calciumkonzentration im Rissbereich.
Matching Together Living Cells and Prototissues: Will There Be Chemistry?
Authors: Valente Stefano , Galanti Agostino , Maghin Edoardo , Najdi Nahid , Piccoli Martina , Gobbo Pierangelo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractScientific advancements in bottom‐up synthetic biology have led to the development of numerous models of synthetic cells, or protocells. To date, research has mainly focused on increasing the (bio)chemical complexity of these bioinspired micro‐compartmentalized systems, yet the successful integration of protocells with living cells remains one of the major challenges in bottom‐up synthetic biology. In this review, we aim to summarize the current state of the art in hybrid protocell/living cell and prototissue/living cell systems. Inspired by recent breakthroughs in tissue engineering, we review the chemical, bio‐chemical, and mechano‐chemical aspects that hold promise for achieving an effective integration of non‐living and living matter. The future production of fully integrated protocell/living cell systems and increasingly complex prototissue/living tissue systems not only has the potential to revolutionize the field of tissue engineering, but also paves the way for new technologies in (bio)sensing, personalized therapy, and drug delivery.
Emerging Battery Systems with Metal as Active Cathode Material
Authors: Xue Kaiming , Wang Huimin , Yu Denis Y. W. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe high‐cost and limited availability of raw materials for lithium‐ion batteries hinder their future development and urge researchers to explore alternative battery systems. Among them, batteries utilizing the electrochemical redox reaction of metals such as Cu, Fe, Sn, etc. as the cathode to reversibly store and release energy are attractive because their raw materials are common and abundant. This review examines this type of novel battery system, introduces its basic mechanism and problems, analyses the strategies that are used to improve its reversibility and cycling stability and also proposes some possible future directions of investigations.
Regression trees for interval‐censored failure time data based on censoring unbiased transformations and pseudo‐observations
Authors: Yang Ce , Li Xianwei , Diao Liqun , Cook Richard J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractInterval‐censored data arise when a failure process is under intermittent observation and failure status is only known at assessment times. We consider the development of predictive algorithms when training samples involve interval censoring. Using censoring unbiased transformations and pseudo‐observations, we define observed data loss functions, which are unbiased estimates of the corresponding complete data loss functions. We show that regression trees based on these loss functions can recover the tree structure and yield good predictive accuracy. An application is given to a study involving individuals with psoriatic arthritis where the aim is to identify genetic markers useful for the prediction of axial disease within 10 years of a baseline assessment.
A Prognostic Model Based on Nutritional Indexes for Patients With Pan‐Cancer: A Real‐World Cohort Study
Authors: Zheng Lin , Yu Qian‐Qian , Ruan Wen‐Bin , Chen Jin , Deng Qing‐Hua , Zhang Ke , Jiang Xu‐Li , Jiang Wen‐Jun , Cai Dan‐Na , He Chen‐Jie , Wang Yu‐Feng , Jiang Shen‐Li , Ye Rui‐Zhi , You Guang‐Xian , Ying Rong‐Biao , Zhou Zhi‐Rui 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe aim was to identify the nutritional indexes, construct a prognostic model, and develop a nomogram for predicting individual survival probability in pan‐cancers.MethodsNutritional indicators, clinicopathological characteristics, and previous major treatment details of the patients were collected. The enrolled patients were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression cross‐validation was used to determine the variables to include in the cox regression model. The training cohort was used to build the prediction model, and the validation cohort was used to further verify the discrimination, calibration, and clinical effectiveness of the model.ResultsA total of 2020 patients were included. The median OS was 56.50 months (95% CI, 50.36–62.65 months). In the training cohort of 1425 patients, through Lasso regression cross‐validation, 13 characteristics were included in the model. Cox proportional hazards model was developed and visualized as a nomogram. The C‐indexes of the model for predicting 1‐, 3‐, 5‐, and 10‐year OS were 0.848, 0.826, 0.814, and 0.799 in the training cohort and 0.851, 0.819, 0.814, and 0.801 in the validation cohort. The model showed great calibration in the two cohorts. Patients with a score of less than 274.29 had a better prognosis (training cohort: HR, 6.932; 95% CI, 5.723–8.397; log‐rank p < 0.001; validation cohort: HR, 8.429; 95% CI, 6.180–11.497; log‐rank p < 0.001).ConclusionThe prognostic model based on the nutritional indexes of pan‐cancer can divide patients into different survival risk groups and performed well in the validation cohort.
Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer inGhana
Authors: Nartey Yvonne , Amo‐Antwi Kwabena , Hill Philip C. , Dassah Edward T. , Asmah Richard H. , Nyarko Kofi M. , Agambire Ramatu , Konney Thomas O. , Yarney Joel , Damale Nelson , Cox Brian 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe major burden of cervical cancer occurs in low‐ and middle‐income countries. In Ghana, it is the second most common cancer among women. Infection with high‐risk human papilloma virus (HPV) has been established as the cause of cervical cancer. As such, it is important to identify risk factors that may affect progression from HPV infection to cancer.AimsWe assessed the risk factors assocaited with cervical cancer in Ghana.MethodsTo identify the risk factors for cervical cancer, we conducted an unmatched case–control study in two hospitals in Ghana where most cervical cancer cases are diagnosed. Women with histologically confirmed cervical cancer were the cases, whereas women without cancer seeking care at the two hospitals were controls. A structured questionnaire was administered to the women, after which cervical samples were sent for HPV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) testing.ResultsOverall, 206 cases and 230 controls were recruited. After adjusting for possible confounders, women with the highest educational level had a significantly lower risk of cervical cancer than those with no or little formal education. Parity was a major risk factor (odd ratio [OR] for five or more children = 7.9; 95% CI: 2.3–27.6), with risk increasing with increasing parity (pfor trend <0.001). Women reporting the use of a homemade sanitary towel during menstruation also had an increased risk of cervical cancer compared with women who used a pad (OR: 7.3; 95% CI: 2.5–22.0).ConclusionIn this Ghanaian population, high parity and poor personal hygienic conditions were the main contributing factors to the risk of cervical cancer after adjustment for the presence of high‐risk HPV genotypes.
Comparative analysis of plasma affinity depletion methods: Impact on protein composition and phosphopeptide abundance in human plasma
Authors: Nikhil Pallaprolu , Aishwarya Dande , Dhingra Sameer , Pandey Krishna , Ravichandiran V. , Peraman Ramalingam 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAffinity‐based protein depletion and TiO2 enrichment methods play a crucial role in detection of low‐abundant proteins and phosphopeptides enrichment, respectively. Here, we assessed the effectiveness of HSA/IgG (HU2) and Human 7 (HU7) depletion methods and their impact on phosphopeptides coverage through comparative proteome analysis, utilizing in‐solution digestion and nano‐LC‐Orbitrap mass spectrometry (MS). Our results demonstrated that both HU2 and HU7 affinity depletion significantly decreased high‐abundant proteins by 1.5–7.8‐fold (p < 0.001). A total of 1491 proteins were identified, with 48 proteins showing significant expression in the depleted groups. Notably, cadherin‐13, neutrophil defensin 1, APM1, and desmoplakin variant protein were exclusively detected in the HU2/HU7‐depleted groups. Furthermore, study on effect of depletion on phosphopeptides revealed an increase in tandem MS spectral counts with notable decrease (∼50%) in peptide spectrum matching in depleted groups, which was attributed to significant reduction in protein counts. Our post translation modification workflow for phosphoproteomics detected 42 phosphorylated peptides, corresponding to 12 phosphoproteins with unique peptide match ≥2 (high false discovery rates confidence). Among them, 10 phosphorylated proteins are highly expressed in depleted groups. Overall, these findings offer valuable insights in selection of protein depletion methods for comprehensive plasma proteomics analysis.
Assessment of forecasting hydrate blockage in foam drainage gas recovery wellbore
Authors: Zhang Aoyang , Wei Na , Cai Meng , Li Haitao , Zhao Jinzhou , Zhang Liehui , Wang Xiaoran , Li Cong , Wang Xinwei , Wu Jiang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHydrate formation in foam drainage gas recovery wells and the shut in accidents caused by plugging have become an important problem that restricts the safe production of natural gas. The blockage and accumulation of hydrates is a gradual problem. This research goes beyond predicting the formation of hydrates and delves deeper into examining the rate of hydrate formation and the degree of pipeline blockage at different wellbore locations. First, the temperature model, pressure model, multiphase flow model, and hydrate plugging model of hydrate formation process are established from the equations of mass conservation, energy conservation, and momentum conservation. Second, an iterative approach is employed to solve the model, with a maximum error of 6.86% in model validation. Finally, sensitivity analysis shows that wellhead temperature, wellhead pressure, and foam viscosity have different effects on hydrate formation, maximum plugging position, and plugging degree. At the same time, combined with the actual drainage and gas production process, and the characteristics of hydrate blockage, proposed hydrate prevention measures can be taken to achieve safe production of natural gas. The research results indicate that a decrease in temperature signifies an increase in undercooling, resulting in an accelerated rate of hydrate formation and an elevated risk of hydrate blockage. The decrease in wellhead pressure leads to a decrease in the rate of hydrate formation and an increase in production, which is beneficial for the hydrate prevention. However, larger pressure differences and gas production rates will put higher requirements on equipment such as well control devices. An increase in foam viscosity will lead to increased pressure, foam compression, reduced drainage capacity, and intensified hydrate generation. Therefore, foam viscosity should be kept as small as possible to keep the foam stable.
What is the force required to treat trismus in patients undergoing oral cavity free flap reconstruction?
Authors: Charters Emma , Loy Jamie , Cheng Kai , Dunn Masako , Manzie Timothy , Wan Boyang , Tumuluri Vinay , Clark Jonathan R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundTrismus therapy is often delayed after jaw reconstruction to avoid hardware failure or non‐union. The aim of this study is to document the forces that have been applied to patients undergoing free flap reconstruction of the oral cavity in the 12 months following oral cavity reconstruction, and to analyze the associations between force and maximal interincisal opening (MIO) over time.MethodsParticipants with trismus after free flap reconstruction of the oral cavity completed a 10‐week jaw stretching program using Restorabite™. Primary outcome measures included the minimum and maximal force applied by a trismus device during rehabilitation, MIO, bone union, and health‐related quality of life outcomes up to 12 months postoperatively.ResultsA mean of 20.6 Newtons (N) was used during passive exercises and 38.9 N during active exercises was used during trismus therapy. The mean increase in MIO for the 45 participants after 10 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months of therapy was 8.4 mm (p < 0.001), 12.6 mm (p < 0.001), 12.7 mm (p < 0.001), respectively. There was no significant difference in the mean minimal (p = 0.37) or mean maximal (p = 0.08) force applied between those who underwent osseous free flap reconstruction compared to fasciocutaneous only, respectively. In patients who underwent osseous reconstruction, 25 (67.6%) had complete bone union and 12 (32.4%) had partial union at 12 months postsurgery.ConclusionsIn participants undergoing osseous free flap reconstruction, there was no association between the force applied to the rates of bone union. Further research to define safe and optimal loading may benefit patients undergoing jaw reconstruction.
RBP4 promotes denervation‐induced muscle atrophy through STRA6‐dependent pathway
Authors: Zhang Kang‐Zhen , Li Jia‐Wen , Xu Jin‐Shui , Shen Zheng‐Kai , Lin Yu‐Shuang , Zhao Can , Lu Xiang , Rui Yun‐Feng , Gao Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundsFat infiltration of skeletal muscle has been recognized as a common feature of many degenerative muscle disorders. Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) is an adipokine that has been demonstrated to be correlated with the presence and severity of sarcopenia in the elderly. However, the exact role and the underlying mechanism of RBP4 in muscle atrophy remains unclear.MethodsDenervation‐induced muscle atrophy model was constructed in wild‐type and RBP4 knockout mice. To modify the expression of RBP4, mice were received intramuscular injection of retinol‐free RBP4 (apo‐RBP4), retinol‐bound RBP4 (holo‐RBP4) or oral gavage of RBP4 inhibitor A1120. Holo‐RBP4‐stimulated C2C12 myotubes were treated with siRNAs or specific inhibitors targeting signalling receptor and transporter of retinol 6 (STRA6)/Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway. Fat accumulation, myofibre cross‐sectional area, myotube diameter and the expression of muscle atrophy markers and myogenesis markers were analysed.ResultsThe expression levels of RBP4 in skeletal muscles were significantly up‐regulated more than 2‐fold from 7 days and sustained for 28 days after denervation. Immunofluorescence analysis indicated that increased RBP4 was localized in the infiltrated fatty region in denervated skeletal muscles. Knockout of RBP4 alleviated denervation‐induced fatty infiltration and muscle atrophy together with decreased expression of atrophy marker Atrogin‐1 and MuRF1 as well as increased expression of myogenesis regulators MyoD and MyoG. By contrast, injection of retinol‐bound holo‐RBP4 aggregated denervation‐induced ectopic fat accumulation and muscle atrophy. Consistently, holo‐RBP4 stimulation also had a dose‐dependent effect on the reduction of C2C12 myotube diameter and myofibre cross‐sectional area, as well as on the increase of Atrogin‐1and MuRF1 expression and decrease of MyoD and MyoG expression. Mechanistically, holo‐RBP4 treatment increased the expression of its membrane receptor STRA6 (>3‐fold) and promoted the phosphorylation of downstream JAK2 and STAT3. Inhibition of STRA6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway either by specific siRNAs or inhibitors could decrease the expression of Atrogin‐1 and MuRF1 (>50%) and decrease the expression of MyoD and MyoG (>3‐fold) in holo‐RBP4‐treated C2C12 myotube. RBP4 specific pharmacological antagonist A1120 significantly inhibited the activation of STRA6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway, ameliorated ectopic fat infiltration and protected against denervation‐induced muscle atrophy (30% increased myofibre cross‐sectional area) in mice.ConclusionsIn conclusion, our data reveal that RBP4 promotes fat infiltration and muscle atrophy through a STRA6‐dependent and JAK2/STAT3 pathway‐mediated mechanism in denervated skeletal muscle. Our results suggest that lowering RBP4 levels might serve as a promising therapeutic approach for prevention and treatment of muscle atrophy.
Identification of clinical‐biological features of newly diagnosed early relapse multiple myeloma patients eligible for autologous stem cell transplantation
Authors: Cillo Lorenzo , Palma Anna Benedetta Dalla , Ricci Stefania , Pedrazzoni Mario , Scita Matteo , Bernardi Matia , Sammarelli Gabriella , Pelagatti Laura , Giuliani Nicola 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA portion of multiple myeloma (MM) patients relapse early or do not respond to first line treatment. Identification of possible clinical and or biological features of these patients remains an unmet medical need. In this study we assesed the predictive markers for early relapse MM, defined as a progressive disease that occurred within 18 months, from autologoust stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in MM patients who did not have primary refractory disease. 74 consecutive MM patients were included in the study that received intensive therapy with ASCT. The study was able to identify the main features of newly diagnosed ER MM patients eligible for ASCT identifying the IgA isotype and the R2‐ISS score system as the main predictive prognostic factors for ER in this cohort of MM patients.