bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die Sichtbetonschalen des Hauses der Musiker der Stiftung Insel Hombroich
Authors: Kappauf Horst 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn der Rede zur Grundsteinlegung sagte der Architekt Raimund Abraham: An der Entstehung des Hauses sind zwei Wahnsinnige beteiligt: der Architekt, der eine skulpturale Architektur ohne kommerzielle Einschränkungen entwerfen durfte; der Bauherr Karl‐Heinrich Müller, der den zehnjährigen Reifeprozess des außergewöhnlichen Bauwerks intensiv und visionär begleitet und gefördert hat und im August 2006 den Startschuss zum Bau gegeben hat.Diesen Aufsatz widme ich Karl‐Heinrich Müller, dem Stifter des Museums Insel Hombroich.Mit seinem Tod im November 2007 konnte er die Fertigstellung des Hauses leider nicht mehr erleben.Das “Haus der Musiker”, ein Stahlbetongebäude des New Yorker Architekten Raimund Abraham, das durch zwei sich schneidende Zylinderschalen geformt wird, wurde erstmals 1996 auf der Architektur‐Biennale in Venedig vorgestellt. In den folgenden Jahren wurden die Konstruktionsunterlagen in verschiedenen Entwurfsphasen vervollständigt.Die untere Zylinderschale der burgartigen Struktur hat eine vertikale Ausrichtung, die obere Zylinderschale ist in ihrerAchse 15° gegen die Vertikale geneigt. Eine runde Stahlbetonplatte mit einer Anschrägung am Außenrand und einem zentralen gleichseitigen Dreiecksauschnitt schwebt über der geneigten Zylinderschale; sie wird von zehn Rechteckstützen getragen.Die wesentlichen konstruktiven Herausforderungen waren die Formung und die Betonierung der Schalen und Platten, die Qualität der Sichtbetonflächen, besonders der Betonguss der geneigten Flächen und schließlich die strengen Gestaltungsanforderungen des Architekten.
Normen: Zum Nachweis der Teilflächenbelastung nach DIN 1045‐1 (08/2008)
Authors: Held Markus , Welsch Torsten 
Published: July 2009

AbstractDer in DIN 1045‐1 enthaltene Ansatz zum Nachweis der Teilflächenbelastung wird in der Praxis zuweilen auch für die Beurteilung von Teilflächenproblemen an scheibenartigen Bauteilen herangezogen. Nachfolgend wird gezeigt, dass diese Vorgehensweise zu unsicheren Bemessungsergebnissen führen kann. Weiterhin wird ein Vorschlag zur rechnerischen Handhabung dieser speziellen Teilflächenprobleme vorgestellt.
Chemiluminescence determination of naproxen based on europium(III)‐sensitized KIO4–H2O2 reaction
Authors: Du Jianxiu , Li Dongdong , Lu Jiuru 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA simple and sensitive chemiluminescence (CL) method combined with flow injection technique was developed for the determination of naproxen. It was based upon the weak CL signal arising from the reaction of KIO4 with H2O2 being significantly increased by naproxen in the presence of europium(III) ion. The experimental conditions that affected the CL signal were carefully optimized and the CL reaction mechanism was briefly discussed. Under the optimum conditions, the increment of CL intensity was proportional to the concentration of naproxen ranging from 5.0 × 10−8 to 5.0 × 10−6 g/mL. The detection limit was 1 × 10−8 g/mL naproxen and the relative standard deviation for 5.0 × 10−7 g/mL naproxen solution was 2.1% (n = 11). The proposed method was applied to the determination of naproxen in tablets and in spiked human urine samples with satisfactory results. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination and toxicokinetics comparison of ketamine and S(+)‐ketamine in dog plasma by HPLC‐MS method
Authors: Sheng Yu‐xin , Zhang Ying‐hao , Zhang Jin‐lan , Li Jin , Li Hui , Jin Hong‐tao 
Published: July 2009

Abstract;A simple and reproducible method was developed for the quantification of ketamine and S(+)‐ketamine in dog plasma using a high‐performance liquid chromatography system coupled to a positive ion electrospray mass spectrometric analysis. Solid‐phase extraction was used for extracting analytes from dog plasma samples. The analytes were separated on a Zorbax SB C18 column (100 × 2.1 mm, 3.5 μm) with acetonitrile–formate buffer (10 mM ammonium formate and 0.3% formic acid) (17 : 83, v/v) as mobile phase at a flow‐rate of 0.2 mL/min. Detection was operated under selected ion monitoring mode. [M + H]+ at m/z 238 for ketamine and S(+)‐ketamine and [M + H]+ at m/z 180 for phenacetin (internal standard) were selected as detecting ions, respectively. The method was linear in the concentration range 51.6–2580 ng/mL. The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions (RSD %) were within 11.3% and the assay accuracies ranged from 80.0 to 101.4%. Their average recoveries were greater than 91.1% at all test concentrations. The analytes were proved to be stable during all sample storage, preparation and analysis procedures. The method was successfully applied to the toxicokinetics study and comparison of ketamine and S (+)‐ketamine following intravenous administration to dogs. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantitative determination of dipyridamole in human plasma by high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and its application to a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Qin Ting , Qin Feng , Li Ning , Lu Shan , Liu Wei , Li Famei 
Published: July 2009

AbstractDipyridamole is a classic platelet inhibitor which has been a key medicine in clinical therapy of thrombosis and cerebrovascular disease. A rapid, selective and convenient method using high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS/MS) was developed for determination of dipyridamole in human plasma. After protein precipitation of 200 μL plasma with methanol, dipyridamole and diazepam (internal standard) were chromatographed on an Ultimate™ XB‐C18 (50 × 2.1 mm i.d, 3 μ) column with the mobile phase consisting of methanol–ammonium acetate (5 mM; 80 : 20, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.25 mL/min. The detection was performed on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer by multiple reaction monitoring mode via positive eletrospray ionization source (ESI+). The retention times of dipyridamole and diazepam were 1.4 and 1.2 min, respectively. The method was validated over a concentration range of 0.0180–4.50 μg/mL (r2 ≥ 0.99) with a lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) of 0.0180 μg/mL for dipyridamole. The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions (RSD) of the assay at all three QC levels were 1.6–12.7% with an accuracy (RE) of −4.3–1.9%, which meets the requirements of the FDA guidance. The HPLC‐MS/MS method herein described was proved to be suitable for pharmacokinetic study of sustained‐release dipyridamole tablet in volunteers after oral administration. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An integrated simultaneous distillation–extraction apparatus for the extraction of essential oils from herb materials and its application in Flos Magnoliae
Authors: Wei Yuhui , Li Boxia , Duan Haogang , Wu Xin'an , Yao Xiaojun 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA large number of herb materials contain essential oils with extensive bioactivities. In this work, an integrated simultaneous distillation–extraction (ISDE) apparatus was developed. To demonstrate its feasibility, the performance of ISDE was evaluated for the extraction of essential oil from Flos Magnoliae and compared with conventional techniques including steam distillation (SD) and simultaneous distillation–extraction (SDE). According to the product yield, the time consumed and the composition of oil, the essential oils isolated by ISDE were better than that obtained by SD and similar to those obtained by SDE. ISDE was also better than SDE due to its simple operation and lower consumption of energy and organic solvent. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Applying learning portfolios and thinking styles to adaptive remedial learning
Authors: Jong Bin‐Shyan , Chen Chien‐Ming , Chan Te‐Yi , Hsia Yen‐Teh , Lin Tsong‐Wuu 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe diagnostic system proposed in this article is based on online learning portfolios. The system utilizes data mining, clustering analysis, and statistical tools for clustering students according to their online learning behaviors, learning achievements, and thinking styles. It also provides graphical time stamps for teachers to observe the online activities of students at each learning phase. By using this system, teachers can apply different remedial strategies according to the different online learning behaviors of students. The students in this study received adaptive warning messages and remedial treatments according to their individual learning situations. The results revealed that the proposed strategy can encourage students whose online learning performances are initially evaluated as good or medium and improve their online learning performances. In the case of students with poor online learning performances, this system improves not only their performances but also their learning achievements. This is achieved by continuously dispatching adaptive warning messages to the students in question. The relationship between thinking styles and online learning achievements is also considered in this study. It is indicated that a strategy of sending adaptive warning messages also works well on students with different thinking styles. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 20: 45–61, 2012
Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Qi Shu‐Nan , Li Ye‐Xiong , Wang Hua , Wang Wei‐Hu , Jin Jing , Song Yong‐Wen , Wang Shu‐Lian , Liu Yue‐Ping , Zhou Li‐Qiang , Yu Zi‐Hao 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:The objective of this study was to compare the clinical features and prognosis of patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of Waldeyer ring (WR‐DLBCL) and patients with lymph node DLBCL (N‐DLBCL).METHODS:One hundred eighty‐one patients with WR‐DLBCL and N‐DLBCL were reviewed. There were 57 patients with stage I disease, 83 patients with stage II disease, 26 patients with stage III disease, and 15 patients with stage IV disease. Among them, 101 patients had primary N‐DLBCL, and 80 patients had primary WR‐DLBCL.RESULTS:Patients with WR‐DLBCL and N‐DLBCL usually presented at an older age and had localized disease, a low frequency of B symptoms, a good performance status, and a low‐risk International Prognostic Index (IPI) score. Compared with patients who had N‐DLBCL, patients who had WR‐DLBCL presented with more stage II disease and lower tumor burdens. The overall response rate after treatment was similar in both groups. The 5‐year overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) rates were 76% and 61% in patients with WR‐DLBCL, respectively, and 56% and 50% in patients with N‐DLBCL, respectively (P = .119 for OS; P = .052 for PFS). IPI scores and elevated β2‐microglobulin and LDH levels were associated with a poor prognosis for patients who had WR‐DLBCL; whereas bulky tumor, elevated β2‐microglobulin levels, and IPI scores were associated with poor OS for patients who had N‐DLBCL.CONCLUSIONS:The current results supported the continued inclusion of WR‐DLBCL as a lymph node group in the staging of DLBCL. Patients with WR‐DLBCL had clinical features and prognosis similar to those of patients with N‐DLBCL. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
On the Chemistry of the Strong Organic Electron‐Donor 1,2,4,5‐Tetrakis(tetramethylguanidino)benzene: Electron Transfer in Donor–Acceptor Couples and Binuclear Late Transition Metal Complexes
Authors: Peters Anastasia , Trumm Christine , Reinmuth Matthias , Emeljanenko Dimitri , Kaifer Elisabeth , Himmel Hans‐Jörg 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn this work we report on some aspects of the chemistry of the organic electron‐donor 1,2,4,5‐tetrakis(tetramethylguanidino)benzene (ttmgb). Reactions with electron acceptors and proton donors as well as late transition metals to give binuclear complexes (including a binuclear CuII complex with antiferromagnetic coupling through the bridging ttmgb ligand) are analysed. These studies shed some light on the electron‐donor/proton‐acceptor and coordination behaviour of this compound.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Does job loss cause ill health?
Authors: Salm Martin 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis study estimates the effect of job loss on health for near elderly employees based on longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study. Previous studies find a strong negative correlation between unemployment and health. To control for possible reverse causality, this study focuses on people who were laid off for an exogenous reason – the closure of their previous employers' business. I find no causal effect of exogenous job loss on various measures of physical and mental health. This suggests that the inferior health of the unemployed compared to the employed could be explained by reverse causality. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modelling coastal ground‐ and surface‐water interactions using an integrated approach
Authors: Yuan Dekui , Lin Binliang 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBeach water table fluctuations have an impact on the transport of beach sediments and the exchange of solute and mass between coastal aquifer and nearby water bodies. Details are given of the refinement of a dynamically integrated ground‐ and surface‐water model, and its application to study ground‐ and surface‐water interactions in coastal regions. The depth‐integrated shallow‐water equations are used to represent the surface‐water flow, and the extended Darcy's equation is used to represent the groundwater flow, with a hydrostatic pressure distribution being assumed to apply for both these two types of flows. At the intertidal region, the model has two layers, with the surface‐water layer being located on the top of the groundwater layer. The governing equations for these two types of flows are discretized in a similar manner and they are combined to give one set of linear algebraic equations that can be solved efficiently. The model is used to predict water level distributions across sloping beaches, where the water table in the aquifer may or may not decouple from the free water surface. Five cases are used to test the model for simulating beach water table fluctuations induced by tides, with the model predictions being compared with existing analytical solutions and laboratory and field data published in the literature. The numerical model results show that the integrated model is capable of simulating the combined ground‐ and surface‐water flows in coastal areas. Detailed analysis is undertaken to investigate the capability of the model. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and evaluation of [123I]‐indomethacin derivatives as COX‐2 targeted imaging agents
Authors: Uddin Md. Jashim , Crews Brenda C. , Blobaum Anna L. , Kingsley Philip J. , Ghebreselasie Kebreab , Saleh Sam S. , Clanton Jeffrey A. , Baldwin Ronald M. , Marnett Lawrence J. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA novel series of iodinated indomethacin derivatives was synthesized, and evaluated as selective inhibitors of COX‐2. Two candidate compounds N‐(p‐iodobenzyl)‐2‐(1‐(p‐chlorobenzoyl)‐5‐methoxy‐2‐methyl‐1H‐indol‐3‐yl)acetamide (3) and 1‐(p‐iodobenzyl)‐5‐methoxy‐2‐methyl‐3‐indoleacetic acid (9) possessed optimum properties suitable for potential in vivo imaging. Arylstannane precursors for radioiododestannylation were synthesized in 70–85% yield from the iodo compounds by reaction with hexabutylditin and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) in refluxing dioxane. Radioiododestannylation was conducted by reaction with carrier‐added Na[123I] in the presence of Chloramine‐T in an EtOAc/H2O binary system under acidic conditions (pH 3.5), allowing direct isolation of the labeled products by separation of the organic phase. Radioiodinated products [123I]3 and [123I]9 were recovered in a decay‐corrected radiochemical yield of 86–87% and radiochemical purity of 98–99%. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Single‐shot steady‐state free precession can detect myocardial edema in patients: A feasibility study
Authors: Green Jordin D. , Clarke James R. , Flewitt Jacqueline A. , Friedrich Matthias G. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractPurposeTo demonstrate the ability of single‐shot, T2/T1 weighted steady‐state free precession (SSFP) to detect myocardial edema in patients with an acute myocardial infarction.Materials and MethodsThis study was performed in a series of patients (n = 10) referred for the assessment of acute myocardial infarcts (AMI). Localizers were used to obtain true short axis views of the left ventricle (LV). These views were used to plan and obtain T2‐weighted STIR (short TI inversion recovery) images of the LV. These slices were then acquired using single‐shot dark blood‐prepared SSFP with a large (31) number of dummy pulses. Lastly, Contrast agent was injected, and late enhancement (LE) images were acquired. Images were analyzed using a multi‐segment model of the heart. SSFP images were compared with STIR images, with STIR images used as the standard of truth for the presence of edema. LE images were used to identify segments which were positive for microvascular obstruction.ResultsAll techniques were successful in all patients. A total of 312 segments were analyzed. Excluding segments positive for microvascular obstruction, SSFP had a sensitivity/specificity of 80%/89%. Including segments positive for microvascular obstruction, sensitivity/specificity was 71%/88%. On a patient‐based analysis, no AMI was missed using SSFP (sensitivity = 100%).ConclusionUsing single‐shot SSFP to detect myocardial edema in patients with AMI is feasible with a moderate sensitivity and high specificity. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Use of micro‐Raman spectroscopy to study reaction kinetics in blended white cement pastes containing metakaolin
Authors: Frías Moisés , Martínez‐Ramírez Sagrario 
Published: July 2009

AbstractCuring temperature is known to play an important role in the formation, development, and stability of the hydrated phases appearing during pozzolanic reactions (chemical reaction between puzzolanic addition, metakaolin (MK), and calcium hydroxide from cement hydration). A typical example of this important reaction is to be found in metakaolin‐bearing cement pastes, characterized by hexagonal phases whose thermodynamic stability declines with rising temperature. These phases cannot be exhaustively researched with traditional techniques (such as X‐ray diffraction) due to their poor crystallinity. Consequently, micro‐Raman spectroscopy was used in the present study to explore the behavior of white cement paste blends containing 0, 10, and 25% MK at two curing temperatures (20 and 60 °C). This led to the identification, for the first time using Raman spectroscopy, of phases C2ASH81 (stratlingite) and C3ASH6, which appear in the MK–white cement reaction. The CSH gel formed was characterized by Q1 dimers and a C/S ratio of 1.3–1.5. Raising the curing temperature favored the formation of C4AH13. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Progress in corrosion protection as a requirement for technical progress
Authors: Fürbeth W. , Schütze M. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn many of the more recent technologies, corrosion plays a crucial role in determining their successful application. The present paper identifies such important corrosion issues in a number of technologies, which are currently under development or have been recently discussed. In this sense, CO2 sequestration, fuel cells, offshore wind energy and other offshore technologies, geothermal energy, advanced coal conversion technologies, nuclear energy, light weight construction in transport, ionic liquids as well as medical technologies are discussed with respect to corrosion problems and existing research needs. In this way, this paper intends to show the complexity and the variety of corrosion topics of today and at the same time, point at the economic aspects and the impact on daily life. In the end, this leads to an introduction of the World Corrosion Organization and its study on future needs for research and development in materials degradation and corrosion control.
Interactions of 2,2,2‐trifluoroethanol with melittin
Authors: Neuman Robert C. , Gerig John T. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractMelittin dissolved in 42% trifluoroethanol‐water at pH 2 has been shown to be α‐helical between residues 6 and 12 and between residues 13 and 25, with the two helical regions separated by a bend at the Leu13 residue. The inter‐helix angle was found to be 154 ± 3° at 0 °C and 135 ± 3° at 25 °C. The dominant conformation of the peptide is thus similar to those observed by previous workers for the peptide in a variety of media. At 25 °C, intermolecular nuclear Overhauser effects arising from nuclear spin dipole‐dipole interactions between melittin hydrogens and fluorines of the solvent are essentially those expected for a system that is homogeneous as regards concentration and translational diffusion of the peptide and fluoroalcohol components. However, at 0 °C, peptide‐trifluoroethanol cross‐relaxation terms are negative, a result consistent with the conclusion that fluoroalcohol molecules associate with the peptide for times (∼1 ns) that are long compared to the time of a typical peptide‐fluoroalcohol diffusive encounter (∼0.2 ns). Such interactions may be responsible for the reduction of the translational diffusion coefficient of trifluoroethanol produced by dissolved peptides. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Which voiding position is associated with lowest flow rates in healthy adult men? role of natural voiding position
Authors: Choudhury Sunirmal , Agarwal Mayank Mohan , Mandal Arup K. , Mavuduru Ravimohan , Mete Uttem K. , Kumar Santosh , Singh Shrawan K. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the effect of voiding position on uroflowmetric variables and postvoid residual urine (PVR) volume in healthy adult men without lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).Materials and MethodsMen without LUTS were enrolled. Participants were asked to report to the urodynamic suite with comfortably full bladder for uroflowmetry. Each participant performed six voids into digital uroflowmeter (Solar Silver, Medical Measurement System, The Netherlands), all on separate occasions, twice in each of the standing, sitting, and squatting down positions. PVR was measured using transabdominal ultrasound (Siemens®).ResultsTotal 72 participants were enrolled and 61 completed the study; their mean (±SD) age was 26.6 ± 6.9 years. All of them but one was accustomed to void in standing and squatting positions. The mean maximal flow rates (Qmax) and average flow rates (Qave) were significantly lower in sitting position, than standing and squatting positions (Qmax: 19.8 ± 7.4 vs. 23.8 ± 7.7 and 24.4 ± 8.1 ml/sec, respectively; P = 0.0001. Qave: 11.2 ± 4.5 vs. 13.9 ± 4.5, and 13.8 ± 5.1 ml/sec, respectively; P = 0.0001). The corresponding values of voiding time were significantly higher (tvv: 38.6 ± 20.7 sec vs. 28.3 ± 15.3 and 30.6 ± 18.1 sec, respectively; P = 0.0001). The latter two positions were statistically similar in voiding characteristics. Voided volumes and PVR were statistically similar among all the three positions.ConclusionUroflow parameters were higher in standing and squatting positions compared to sitting in individuals not accustomed to void in sitting position. Therefore, uroflowmetry should not be performed in a position the individual is not familiar with. Neurourol. Urodynam. 29:413–417, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bandwidth provisioning in ADSL access networks
Authors: Xiong Kaiqi , Perros Harry , Blake Steven 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWe consider an ADSL access network consisting of subscribers, digital subscriber line access multiplexers (DSLAMs), metro Ethernet switches and a broadband remote access aggregation server (BRAS). We obtain expressions for dimensioning the access network in the upstream direction. Specifically, we show that the bandwidth required at each DSLAM, metro Ethernet switch, and BRAS can be expressed as an exponential function of the subscribers in a log scale when the number of subscribers does not surpass a certain value. After this value, it grows linearly as a function of the subscribers. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.