bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water, Wind, Wood, and Trees: Interactions, Spatial Variations, Temporal Dynamics, and their Potential Role in River Rehabilitation
Authors: ERSKINE WAYNE D. , SAYNOR MICHAEL J. , CHALMERS ANITA , RILEY STEVEN J. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractRecent Australian research has quantified the role of large wood (wood of any origin and length with a diameter greater than 0.1 m) in dissipating stream energy, forming pool habitats by local bed scour, protecting river banks from erosion, and damming rivers with long rafts causing avulsions. Large wood in Australian streams is sourced by a range of processes from the nearby riparian zone which has usually been degraded by post‐European settlement vegetation clearing. Large wood loadings within the bankfull channel are dependent not only on the type and quality of the riparian plant community but also on bankfull specific stream power, channel width, and the processes of large wood delivery to the stream. While bank erosion and floodplain stripping by catastrophic floods are obvious and important delivery mechanisms, treefall and trunk and branch breakage by strong winds during tropical cyclones and severe storms are also significant in the tropics. Furthermore, wood decay and downstream transport produce temporally dynamic large wood distributions. The longevity of natural large wood structures in rivers, such as rafts, debris dams, and log steps, requires determination. River rehabilitation programs need to not only include the reintroduction of large wood, but also carefully plan the spatial distribution of that wood, the most appropriate type and range of large wood structures, and, most importantly, the revegetation of the riparian zone to ensure a natural long‐term source of large wood. Exotic species management is an essential part of river rehabilitation.
Agenda for the future: enhancing autonomy for older people in residential care
Authors: Murphy Kathy , Welford Claire 
Published: February 2012

murphy k. & welford c. (2012) Agenda for the future: enhancing autonomy for older people in residential care.International Journal of Older People Nursing7, 75–80  doi: 10.1111/j.1748‐3743.2012.00309.xThis is the concluding paper of a three paper publications. Paper 1 focused on specifically understanding what autonomy for older people in residential care means. Paper 2 discussed the various factors that either facilitate or hinder residents autonomy and directed readers to reflect upon their practice. This final paper outlines the findings from the action research phase of a study aimed at enhancing resident autonomy. It describes just one way in which residential care units can work on enhancing residents autonomy and enables the reader to reflect upon nursing practices, which with the right approach can be resident‐centred.
Enhancing autonomy for older people in residential care: what factors affect it?
Authors: Rodgers Vivien , Welford Claire , Murphy Kathy , Frauenlob Theresia 
Published: February 2012

rodgers v., welford c., murphy k. & frauenlob t. (2012) Enhancing autonomy for older people in residential care: what factors affect it?International Journal of Older People Nursing7, 70–74  doi: 10.1111/j.1748‐3743.2012.00310.xAs the population ages, the expectations of consumers rise and future care provision for older people will demand that autonomy is operationalised in residential care facilities. This paper looks at international publications related to identifying the factors which facilitate or hinder residents autonomy and directs the reader to reflect on their own custom and practice. There are many factors which both facilitate and hinder the level of autonomy which older people experience in residential care. This paper will discuss the three most pertinent factors that are discussed repeatedly in the literature, and they are as follows: the organisations approach to care, person‐centred care and life planning.
Monitoring cardiovascular health in men with prostate cancer treated with androgen deprivation therapy
Authors: Allan Carolyn A , Collins Veronica R , Frydenberg Mark , McLachlan Robert I , Matthiesson Kati L 
Published: February 2012

Earlier diagnosis and improved treatments have resulted in men with prostate cancer living for many years following diagnosis. Long‐term effects of treatments are therefore important. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is now commonly used to treat prostate cancer. We have estimated that, in Australia, 6500 men used ADT in 1999/2000 with a steady increase to about 21 800 men in 2009/2010 (over 300% increase), a trend similar to those in the USA and UK. ADT has a range of side‐effects that can impact on quality of life such that risks and benefits should be carefully considered before making treatment decisions.Cross‐sectional and longitudinal studies show that ADT can have cardio‐metabolic effects including increases in fat mass and reduced lean mass, possible adverse effects on lipid levels, increased insulin resistance and increased risk of type 2 diabetes. ADT may also increase the risk of incident cardiovascular events and possibly cardiovascular mortality, although the evidence is not conclusive.In the absence of high‐quality evidence to guide management, it is prudent to consider men using androgen deprivation are at higher risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Maintenance of normal body weight through diet and exercise, smoking cessation, and control of blood pressure, lipid levels and blood glucose are recommended, based on guidelines for the general population. Men at significant cardiovascular risk should consider aspirin therapy.All health professionals involved in the care of men undergoing prostate cancer treatment need to be aware of the risks of ADT and ensure appropriate monitoring and management.
Evaluation of health behaviours in patients with kidney stones in Sari/Iran
Authors: Salmeh Fatemeh , Yaghoubi Tahereh , Zakizadeh Manizheh , Yaghoubian Mahboubeh , Shahmohammadi Soheila 
Published: February 2012

Renal stone formation is a common and important problem in urinary tract and the prevalence of the disease is especially rising in recent years due to changing the lifestyle and diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health behaviours of patients with kidney stones.This cross‐sectional study was performed on 190 patients with kidney stones who referred to the outpatient department of Hospitals or extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy clinics in Sari/Iran, during 6 months period in 2009. The people were divided into two safe health behaviours and unsafe health behaviours groups, based on the obtained scores from their health behaviours. Data were analysed using SPSS software and descriptive statistics tests.The mean age of the patients with kidney stones was 39 years. A 51·3% of subjects had positive family history of the disease. A 49·5% of subjects did not have exercise and 38·9% had less than half an hour physical activity per day. There was a significant relationship between the type of kidney stone and type of consumed water, tea, raw vegetables, milk and meat (P < 0·005). There was a significant relationship between family history of disease and exercise and daily activity level as well as the type and amount of water consumption (P < 0·005).Health behaviours can control and prevent the disease progression and influence on recurrence of the disease. Evaluation of health behaviours leading to formation of urinary tract stones in different geographical areas of our country seems to be necessary.
Catch shares, fisheries, and ecological stewardship: a comparative analysis of resource responses to a rights‐based policy instrument
Authors: Essington Timothy E. , Melnychuk Michael C. , Branch Trevor A. , Heppell Selina S. , Jensen Olaf P. , Link Jason S. , Martell Steven J. D. , Parma Ana M. , Pope John G. , Smith Anthony D. M. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractRights‐based approaches are potentially promising tools to meet conservation objectives in natural resource management. Here, we evaluated how population status and fishery production respond to catch shares, a rights‐based policy instrument in fisheries whereby participants are granted a right to harvest a fraction of the allowable catch. By analyzing time series of landings, exploitation rate, and population biomass for >150 fisheries, we find that catch shares tended to dampen variance in fishery landings and exploitation rate, that they had no effect on population biomass, and that the responses were unrelated to population status prior to catch shares. Variance dampening was strongest when harvesting rights were durable and secure but was absent otherwise. Reductions in exploitation rate were strongest in multispecies fisheries with high levels of at‐sea observers. Although benefits are not guaranteed, successful catch share programs share common elements that can be incorporated in the design of future programs.
Prioritizing threat management for biodiversity conservation
Authors: Carwardine Josie , O’Connor Trudy , Legge Sarah , Mackey Brendan , Possingham Hugh P. , Martin Tara G. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractCalls for threat management actions to protect biodiversity and restore ecosystem function are rarely coupled with costed and prioritized sets of management actions for use in decision making. We present a cost‐effectiveness approach for prioritizing threat management to maximize the in situ protection of biodiversity per dollar spent. The approach draws on empirical data and expert knowledge of major threats to biodiversity, feasible threat management actions, and likely responses of biodiversity to a set of costed management scenarios. An application assessing 637 vertebrate wildlife species in the Kimberley region of north‐western Australia suggests that the likely functional loss of 45 mammals, birds, and reptiles over the next 20 years can be averted by effectively managing fire, grazing, and invasive species for approximately AU$40 million per year. Our approach is flexible and may be useful for delivering transparent guidance for conserving species and ecosystems in other regions, including those where data is limited.
Harnessing Private Funds to Alleviate the Australian Local Government Infrastructure Backlog
Authors: Dollery Brian , Kortt Michael A. , Grant Bligh 
Published: February 2012

A series of national and state public inquiries into the financial sustainability of local government have demonstrated that all Australian local government jurisdictions face a daunting local infrastructure maintenance and renewal backlog. Various solutions to the problem have been advanced in the literature, including the establishment of an Australian municipal bond market to facilitate the use of private sector finance to fund the remediation of the infrastructure shortfall (Byrnes et al., 2008). However, despite the conceptual attraction of this particular policy proposal, as a majority of Australian local authorities are small, with limited administrative and technical capacity, they would have great difficulty in securing access to a municipal bond market. In this paper, we consider municipal banks and bond banks as alternative institutional solutions to the Australian local government infrastructure backlog.
Two‐dimensional speckle tracking for quantification of left ventricular circumferential and radial wall motion in horses
Authors: DECLOEDT A. , VERHEYEN T. , SYS S. , De CLERCQ D. , van LOON G. 
Published: February 2012

SummaryReasons for performing study:The use of two‐dimensional speckle tracking (2DST) for quantification of left ventricular (LV) function has recently been described in horses using long‐axis images and short‐axis images at chordal but not at papillary muscle level.Objectives:To compare the feasibility and reliability of 2DST for quantification of circumferential and radial LV function in short‐axis images at papillary muscle and chordal level.Methods:Repeated echocardiographic examinations were performed on 10 healthy trotter horses by 2 observers from a right parasternal short‐axis view at papillary muscle and chordal level. Segmental and averaged peak values and timing of circumferential and radial strain and strain rate, radial displacement and rotation were measured in 6 LV wall segments in each imaging plane. Global peak values were calculated for circumferential strain and strain rate. The inter‐ and intraobserver within‐ and between‐day variability was assessed by calculating coefficients of variation for repeated measurements.Results:2DST analysis was feasible in each cardiac cycle, although tracking was often inadequate during early diastole. Measurements of averaged systolic circumferential and radial strain and strain rate and radial displacement as well as global circumferential strain and strain rate could be determined with low variability. Early and late diastolic strain rate and systolic rotation showed a moderate variability. Radial segmental measurements were more reliable than circumferential measurements. The interventricular septum showed a higher circumferential and lower radial strain compared with the LV free wall. Peak timing was earlier at papillary muscle compared with chordal level.Conclusions:2DST measurements of global and regional circumferential and radial LV wall motion are feasible both at papillary muscle and chordal level.Potential relevance:Several measurements had good reliability and should be used for evaluation of the technique in a clinical setting.
Three‐week inpatient Cognitive Evolutionary Therapy (CET) for patients with personality disorders: Evidence of effectiveness in symptoms reduction and improved treatment adherence
Authors: Prunetti Elena , Bosio Valentina , Bateni Marco , Liotti Giovanni 
Published: February 2012

Objectives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Cognitive Evolutionary Therapy (CET) in an intensive short residential treatment of a wide range of severe personality disorders (PDs) that resulted in a reduction of social functioning and significant personal distress.Design. Each patient was assessed at admission, discharge, and 3 months later in order to determine if there was a reduction in symptoms and an improved adherence to former outpatient programs and to check if patients were undergoing new treatment after discharge.Method. Fifty‐one patients participated in this study. The 20‐hr weekly program consisted of two individual sessions and various group modules. Outcome measures included: self‐reported measures of depression, anxiety, general symptoms, number and duration of inpatient admissions after the programme, and continuation in an outpatient treatment programme.Results. The results show an overall improvement in general psychopathology after the release and in follow‐up sessions, a decrease in the number of further hospital admissions, and an increased level of attendance of outpatient therapy.Conclusions. This study shows that intensive short residential treatment is an effective treatment for patients with a wide range of PDs.
Standardized Nursing Diagnoses in an Electronic Health Record: Nursing Survey Results
Authors: Estrada Nicolette A. , Dunn Candice R. 
Published: February 2012

PURPOSE.  A survey was conducted to obtain feedback from registered nurses as end‐users of standardized nursing terminology for care planning in an electronic health record. Revisions to the care plan terminology were completed as part of an evidence‐based project by nurses at one facility.METHODS.  The survey was conducted pre‐, post‐, and 2‐year post‐implementation to obtain feedback from the acute care registered nurses (RNs).FINDINGS.  Nurses reported a more positive agreement with the changes at 6 months compared with baseline, which generally was found to be sustained in the 2‐year survey. Overall, the standardized terminology provided the nurses greater ease in their selection of nursing diagnoses and interventions in planning patient care, yet their reported satisfaction did not change. The survey identified several problematic areas related to nurses and care planning. Nurses reported less agreement with the statement about the care plans offering them the ability to determine the status of their patient's nursing care needs. They noted less agreement with statements of the care plan offering information on assessment of patient outcomes of nursing care.CONCLUSIONS.  The patient plan of care in the electronic record is expected to offer nurses the ability to communicate the needs of the patient and assess outcomes of care. The survey findings indicate weaknesses warranting further exploration to identify changes needed to improve care planning documentation.
Detection of inferolateral trunk syndrome by neuromonitoring during catheter angiography with provocative testing
Authors: Le Scheherazade , Dodd Robert , López Jaime , Nguyen Viet , Cho S Charles , Lee Leslie 
Published: February 2012

Background and importanceIt is not uncommon that endovascular balloon test occlusion (BTO) is performed to assess collateral blood flow and risk of injury of permanent occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA). This case is the first reported of detection and reversal of the inferolateral trunk (ILT) syndrome in an awake patient during provocative BTO; prompt recognition of the syndrome effectively prevented permanent neurologic deficits.Clinical presentationThe case of a 42-year-old woman is reported who had a left sphenoid wing meningioma with extension into the cavernous sinus and who underwent awake catheter angiography with provocative BTO of the ICA. Serial examinations by intraoperative monitoring neurologists and neurointerventionalists detected acute progressive left retro-orbital pressure followed by sudden inability to adduct the left eye, or a left medial rectus palsy, indicative of the ILT syndrome which led to immediate balloon deflation and resolution of the deficits. The hypothesis was that hypoperfusion of the ILT, an arterial branch of the ICA which provides blood supply to several cranial nerves (CN) III, CN V1 and CN V2, caused her acute symptoms.ConclusionAlthough cerebral ischemia is a well known complication of endovascular procedures, CN ischemia is a rare potential risk. Knowledge of cerebrovascular anatomy and serial examinations prevented neurologic deficits; this case underscores the added utility of examinations by intraoperative monitoring neurologists and interdisciplinary collaboration.
Development, clinical presentation and endovascular management of congenital intracranial pial arteriovenous fistulas
Authors: Paramasivam Srinivasan , Toma Naoki , Niimi Yasunari , Berenstein Alejandro 
Published: February 2012

IntroductionPial arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) are vascular disorder of the brain consisting of a direct connection between arteries and veins without a nidus located in the subpial space, and are frequently associated with venous varix.Materials and ResultsThis study reviewed a series of 16 children with congenital pial AVF, treated between January 2005 and August 2011. All cases presented before 5 years of age and the mode of presentation varied with age. Fourteen had a single fistula while two had multiple fistulas, one among them had cutaneous features suggestive of RASA1 mutation. MRI is the preferred initial imaging, to demonstrate anatomical location, feeders, venous varix and regional, hemispheric or diffuse cerebralmalacia. Digital subtraction angiography performed during the first therapeutic attempt showed venous varix along with arterial enlargement as the most common angio-architecture. All cases were embolized with N-butyl-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) with or without coiling of the venous sac to attain flow control. Hypotension and a higher concentration of glue were used to aid controlled glue injections. Dural AVF and reactive angiogenesis are not uncommon sequlae found on follow-up angiogram. Outcomes were excellent in 75% and good in 19%.ConclusionCongenital pial AVF are caused by a missed step in vascular development during the early embryonic stage. Transarterial endovascular embolizaiton using NBCA with or without using coils to attain flow control is the treatment of choice, with low morbidity. The efficacy of treatment is high as demonstrated by the high cure rate. Follow-up angiogram is mandatory to look for recanalization, reactive angiogenesis and denovo dural AVF development.
Finding Common Ground Between Europe and Asia: Understanding and Conflict During the Persian Embassy to France in 1715
Authors: Mokhberi Susan 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
In 1715, Louis XIV received Mohammad Reza Beg, an ambassador from distant Persia in the Hall of Mirrors at Versailles. The aging monarch greeted the ambassador in a suit encrusted with diamonds, a costume worthy of an Oriental potentate. The Beg and his entourage were no less splendid and the similarity between the Frenchmen and the Persian must have struck some viewers. King and ambassador played roles in a common drama—the ambassadorial visit—and they had more in common than one might expect. Thanks to the memoirs in manuscript of the introducteur des ambassadeurs, Baron de Breteuil, we know that the French worked hard to cooperate with the Beg despite cultural differences. After all, Breteuil and the Beg shared the goal of projecting the grandeur of their respective monarchies. This common ambition resulted in clashes of precedence between the French and Persian representatives, similar to those that occurred between European powers. This article suggests that “Orientalism” and cultural conflict did not necessarily shape the French response to the Persians. Rather, common diplomatic interests that transcended cultural differences underlay the encounter between West and East.
Ultrastructural profile of metapleural gland cells of the ant Atta laevigata (F. Smith, 1858) (Formicidae: Attini)
Authors: Camargo-Mathias Maria Izabel , Bueno Odair Correa , Vieira Alexsandro Santana 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe metapleural gland is considered a synapomorphy of ants, and is characterized as a paired structure located at the two postlateral ends of the thorax and secretes substances capable of inhibiting and controlling fungi and bacteria in the fungus garden and inside the nest. This study was aimed at investigating if and which are the ultrastructural differences in the metapleural gland cells of workers (three castes) of Atta laevigata using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). This study revealed the presence of Golgi regions, rough endoplasmic reticulum (lamellar and vesicular shapes), smooth endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria (elongated, round-shaped), vacuoles, secretion granules with different electron densities, and myelin figures in the cytoplasm of secretory cells, indicating that this gland produces substances composed of proteins, lipids, and polysaccharides (glycogen in major workers). Lipid droplets and secretion granules were found very near to the microvilli, especially in minor workers. The intracellular portion of canaliculi exhibited invaginations that increased the surface area and modified the secretion produced by the secretory cells. In the three castes examined, the gland exhibited a reservoir preceded by a collecting chamber, both lined by a simple squamous epithelium with a cuticular intima. Workers of the three castes of A. laevigata might be involved in the production of secretion mainly composed of proteins with antibiotic properties and, minor workers, may be responsible for producing a wider variety of secretions compared to median and major workers in the colony.