bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social axioms and psychological toll: A study of emotional, behavioral, and cognitive responses across 35 cultures during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Ye Frank Tian‐fang , Hui Bryant P. H. , Ng Jacky C. K. , Lam Ben C. P. , Au Algae K. Y. , Wu Wesley C. H. , Ng Hilary K. Y. , Chen Sylvia Xiaohua 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has significantly affected the psychological well‐being of individuals worldwide. Previous research has indicated that values and beliefs, particularly social axioms, are associated with psychological responses during crises. However, most of the studies have focused on specific regions; the impact of social axioms on a global scale remains unclear. We conducted a multinational study comprising stratified samples of 18,171 participants from 35 cultures. Using multilevel modeling, we examined the associations between social axioms, personal worry, normative concerns, trust, and individuals' psychological responses to the pandemic. The results showed that greater personal worry and normative concerns predicted more negative psychological responses. Furthermore, the study also identified significant buffering effects at the societal level, as cultures with higher overall levels of fate control, religiosity, or reward for application exhibited weaker associations between personal worry and negative responses. Our findings reveal the influence of social axioms on psychological responses during the pandemic, with varying effects across cultures. The buffering effects of fate control, religiosity, and reward for application underscore the importance of considering cultural differences and individual variability when examining the impact of social axioms on psychological outcomes.
Baseline trait mindfulness moderates the efficacy of mindfulness interventions and active controls: A meta‐analysis of 177 randomised controlled trials
Authors: Sieder Kathrin , Thiedmann Phillip , Voracek Martin , Tran Ulrich S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPrevious evidence suggests that benefits of mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) may depend on individuals' baseline trait mindfulness (BTM) levels. This meta‐analysis investigated moderating effects of BTM on changes in mental health outcomes and trait mindfulness in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of MBIs. A total of 177 primary studies (total N = 13,486), comparing the treatment effects of MBIs against active, treatment‐as‐usual (TAU) and waitlist control groups, were synthesised via three‐level meta‐analysis. Lower BTM was associated with larger changes in mental health outcomes (B = −0.14, 95% CI [−0.21, −0.06], p < .001) and trait mindfulness (B = −0.09 [−0.16, −0.02], p = .009) in MBIs and active controls combined. These associations were significantly larger than from those in TAU and waitlist controls. Moderating effects were less tangible for changes in trait mindfulness in MBIs and active controls individually and less tangible in various sensitivity analyses which, however, were confounded by client type across the RCTs. Individuals low in BTM may, by a small effect size, benefit more from MBIs and active control interventions. BTM may thus affect the evaluation of treatment efficacy. MBIs and active interventions could be offered specifically to persons low in BTM.
Broadening the horizon of immune thrombocytopenia through Omics approaches
Authors: Kapur Rick 
Published: May 2024

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a highly heterogeneous autoimmune bleeding disorder characterized by low platelet counts due to an immune‐mediated platelet destruction and impaired platelet production. The pathophysiology is multifactorial and remains to be fully unravelled. Consequently, disease trajectories and responses to therapeutics, despite the availability of multiple agents, can be unpredictable and differing between patients. There is an urgent need for the identification of diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers, but this has proven to be challenging to achieve. To shed light on this, two studies in this issue of theBritish Journal of Haematologyhave recognized the opportunity of using high‐throughput Omics technologies in ITP. Sun et al. performed proteomics, and Li et al. metabolomics, on bone marrow biopsy samples of patients with ITP. This was conducted using mass spectrometry and, due to the generation of large datasets, in combination with machine learning. These studies set the stage for further investigations exploring the high potential of multi‐omics technologies in order to shed light on the heterogeneity in ITP, accelerating the path towards a much needed personalized medicine approach.Commentary on: Li et al. Metabolomics profile and machine learning prediction of treatment responses in immune thrombocytopenia: A prospective cohort study. Br J Haematol 2024;204:2405‐2417.Commentary on: Sun et al. Proteomics landscape and machine learning prediction of long‐term response to splenectomy in primary immune thrombocytopenia. Br J Haematol 2024;204:2418‐2428.
The 24‐h movement behaviours composition is associated with parasympathetic modulation in preschoolers
Authors: Pessoa Maria Luiza , Clark Cain , Souza Alesandra , Nakamura Fábio , Brasileiro‐Santos Maria do Socorro , Ribeiro André , Cristofaro Diego , Martins Clarice 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo investigate the associations between 24‐h movement behaviours and heart rate variability (HRV) in preschool children.MethodsA total of 123 preschoolers (4.52 ± 0.25 years old; 62 girls) were assessed for physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) using an accelerometer (Actigraph WGT3x). Sleep duration (SD) was parent‐reported. Children were laid down in a supine position for 10 min to assess HRV data. The R–R intervals recorded during the last 5 min of this period were analysed. We conducted compositional analysis in R studio, and the significance level was 95%. All ethical procedures were followed, and the study had the approval of the local ethical board.ResultsWhen considered as a composition, adjusted for age, body mass index and sex, the 24‐h movement composition (PA, SB and SD) significantly predicted better parasympathetic modulation (Root mean square of the successive differences [RMSSD] [p = 0.04; r2 = 0.13]), but not high frequency (HF) (nu) (p = 0.51, r2 = 0.01), low frequency (nu) (p = 0.52, r2 = 0.02),or standard deviation (standard deviation of normal‐to‐normal intervals) (p = 0.55, r2 = 0.02), respectively.ConclusionThese results suggest the 24‐h movement composition predicted the RMSSD time‐domain index related to parasympathetic activity.
An assessment of future rewilding potential in the United Kingdom
Authors: Brown C. , Prestele R. , Rounsevell M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRestoring ecosystems is an imperative for addressing biodiversity loss and climate change, and achieving the targets of the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. One form of restoration, rewilding, may have particular promise but may also be precluded by requirements for other forms of land use now or in the future. This opportunity space is critical but challenging to assess. We explored the potential area available for rewilding in Great Britain until the year 2080 with a multisectoral land‐use model with several distinct climatic and socioeconomic scenarios. By 2080, areas from 5000 to 7000 km2 were either unmanaged or managed in ways that could be consistent with rewilding across scenarios without conflicting with the provision of ecosystem services. Beyond these areas, another 24,000–42,000 km2 of extensive upland management could provide additional areas for rewilding if current patterns of implementation hold in the future. None of these areas, however, coincided reliably with ecosystems of priority for conservation: peatlands, ancient woodlands, or wetlands. Repeatedly, these ecosystems were found to be vulnerable to conversion. Our results are not based on an assumption of support for or benefits from rewilding and do not account for disadvantages, such as potential losses of cultural landscapes or traditional forms of management, that were beyond the modeled ecosystem services. Nevertheless, potential areas for rewilding emerge in a variety of ways, from intensification elsewhere having a substantial but inadvertent land‐sparing effect, popular demand for environmental restoration, or a desire for exclusive recreation among the wealthy elite. Our findings therefore imply substantial opportunities for rewilding in the United Kingdom but also a need for interventions to shape the nature and extent of that rewilding to maintain priority conservation areas and societal objectives.
Normal pressure hydrocephalus and cognitive impairment: The gait phenotype matters too
Authors: Morel Eric , Lingenberg Alma , Armand Stéphane , Assal Frédéric , Allali Gilles 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeIdiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a chronic neurological disease resulting in progressive gait and cognitive disorders. We investigated whether the gait phenotype is associated with the severity of cognitive deficits in iNPH.MethodsThis retrospective study recruited 88 patients (mean age = 76.18 ± 7.21 years, 42% female). Patients were initially referred for suspicion of iNPH and underwent a comprehensive analysis, including gait analysis and cognitive evaluation.ResultsIn this cohort (27% normal gait, 25% frontal gait, 16% parkinsonian gait, 27% other gait abnormalities), patients with parkinsonian and frontal gait had the lowest Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores and the slowest gait speed. Patients with normal gait had the highest MMSE scores and gait speed. Frontal gait was associated with lower MMSE score, even after adjusting for age, gender, comorbidities, white matter lesions, and education level (β = −0.221 [95% confidence interval (CI) = −3.718 to −0.150], p = 0.034). Normal gait was associated with the best MMSE scores, even after adjusting for the abovementioned variables (β = 0.231 [95% CI = 0.124–3.639], p = 0.036).ConclusionsGait phenotypes among iNPH patients are linked to global cognition as assessed with MMSE.
Muscle fibre morphometric analysis (MusMA) correlates with muscle function and cardiovascular risk prognosis
Authors: Longo Larisse , Bartikoski Bárbara Jonson , de Souza Valessa Emanoele Gabriel , Salvati Fernando , Uribe‐Cruz Carolina , Lenz Guido , Xavier Ricardo Machado , Álvares‐da‐Silva Mário Reis , Filippi‐Chiela Eduardo Cremonese 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMorphometry of striated muscle fibres is critical for monitoring muscle health and function. Here, we evaluated functional parameters of skeletal and cardiac striated muscle in two experimental models using the Morphometric Analysis of Muscle Fibre tool (MusMA). The collagen‐induced arthritis model was used to evaluate the function of skeletal striated muscle and the non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease model was used for cardiac striated muscle analysis. After euthanasia, we used haeamatoxylin and eosin stained sections of skeletal and cardiac muscle to perform muscle fibre segmentation and morphometric analysis. Morphometric analysis classified muscle fibres into six subpopulations: normal, regular hypertrophic, irregular hypertrophic, irregular, irregular atrophic and regular atrophic. The percentage of atrophic fibres was associated with lower walking speed (p = 0.009) and lower body weight (p = 0.026), respectively. Fibres categorized as normal were associated with maximum grip strength (p < 0.001) and higher march speed (p < 0.001). In the evaluation of cardiac striated muscle fibres, the percentage of normal cardiomyocytes negatively correlated with cardiovascular risk markers such as the presence of abdominal adipose tissue (p = .003), miR‐33a expression (p = .001) and the expression of miR‐126 (p = .042) Furthermore, the percentage of atrophic cardiomyocytes correlated significantly with the Castelli risk index II (p = .014). MusMA is a simple and objective tool that allows the screening of striated muscle fibre morphometry, which can complement the diagnosis of muscle diseases while providing functional and prognostic information in basic and clinical research.
Immature platelet fraction as a systemic inflammation marker in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Absieh Nasser , Arslan Fatma , Doğan Özlem , Kaya Aslıhan Gürün , Öz Miraç , Erol Serhat , Çiledağ Aydın , Kaya Akın 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionRecently, there has been an increasing interest to find a simple, low cost, widely available biomarker for outcome predictors in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).MethodsAbsolute immature platelet count (AIPC), the percentage of AIPC to the total platelet count (immature platelet fraction [IPF%]), symptoms, spirometry results, age‐dyspne‐airflow obstruction index, and C‐reactive protein tests of COPD patients and control group were recorded. Neutrophil/lymphocyte, monocyte/lymphocyte, and platelet/lymphocyte ratios and Charlson comorbidity index scores were calculated.ResultsOne hundred and thirty‐four COPD patients and 30 healthy control subjects were included in the study. Eighty‐nine patients were in exacerbation (AECOPD) and 45 of them were in stable COPD period. There was a difference between IPF% values and AIPC of COPD group and control group (3.45 ± 2.41 vs. 2.04 ± 1.12, p = 0.01; 5.87 ± 2.45 vs. 5.20 ± 3.02, p = 0.01). A positive correlation was observed between IPF% with white blood cell count and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/lymphocyte ratio, monocyte/lymphocyte ratio in all patients (r = 0.352, p < 0.001; r = 0.399, p < 0.001; r = 0.186, p = 0.032; r = 0.200, p = 0.021) and AECOPD (r = 0.356, p < 0.001; r = 0.414, p < 0.001; r = 0.239, p = 0.025; r = 0.273, p = 0.010). At a cut‐off of 3.4, IPF% showed the highest accuracy in identifying COPD (sensitivity: 80.3%, specificity: 82.5%) using receiver‐operating characteristic analysis.ConclusionThis is the first study to examine the relationship between AIPC, IPF%, and COPD. The higher IPF% values in COPD and the positive correlation between IPF% and other inflammatory markers are suggested that IPF may be an indicator of systemic inflammation in COPD.
Detection of direct oral anticoagulants with the diluted Russel's viper venom time
Authors: Klöter Tristan , Metze Michael , Kunze Ronny , Stöbe Stephan , Siegemund Thomas , Siegemund Annelie , Henschler Reinhard , Laufs Ulrich , Petros Sirak , Pfrepper Christian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe activity of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) is important in acute clinical situations. Recent studies have suggested a strong influence of DOAC on the diluted Russel's Viper Venom Time (dRVVT). Therefore, it may be a suitable screening parameter for antithrombotic plasma activity of different DOAC. This prospective study aims to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of dRVVT to detect residual DOAC activity at recommended plasma level thresholds.MethodsA total of 80 patients were recruited, with 20 each treated with one of the four approved DOAC (apixaban, edoxaban, rivaroxaban or dabigatran), respectively. Blood plasma was collected before (baseline), at plasma peak time, and 6 and 12 h after DOAC. DRVVT was measured using the screen (LA1) and confirm (LA2) assay for lupus anticoagulant and compared with DOAC plasma levels. A reference range was calculated based on the dRVVT values of 61 healthy blood donors.ResultsAll DOAC significantly prolonged the dRVVT especially at higher DOAC plasma levels. The LA1 time ≥41 s had a sensitivity ≥98% to detect edoxaban, dabigatran and rivaroxaban plasma levels ≥30 ng/mL but it was only 87% for apixaban. Sensitivity was ≥98% for all DOAC with the LA2 assay ≥36 s. The negative predictive value of a DOAC plasma level <30 ng/mL and dRVVT LA2 <36 s was 99%.ConclusionsThe dRVVT confirm assay (LA2) reliably detects residual DOAC plasma levels ≥30 ng/mL and could be useful to rapidly rule out relevant DOAC activity in emergency situations and to guide treatment decisions.
Assessing vacuum erectile devices effect on post‐radical prostatectomy erectile function
Authors: Varandas Mário , Santos Tiago , Dias Daniela , Sousa Inês 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroduction and ObjectiveRadical prostatectomy, as a treatment for prostate cancer, could lead to erectile dysfunction (ED) which affects the sexuality of patients and may have significant psychological impact and in quality of life. Vacuum erectile devices (VED) have emerged as a non‐invasive solution to aid post‐prostatectomy ED recovery. This study aims to assess the gains in erectile function (EF) with VED usage in patients submitted to Retzius‐sparing robot assisted radical prostatectomy (RS‐RARP) at 6‐ and 12‐months post‐surgery.Materials and MethodsBetween January 2022 and September 2022 our center performed 46 RS‐RARP, these patients had pre‐ and post‐operative evaluations every 3 months during the first‐year post‐surgery, led by urology nursing team. If ED was identified and/or patient reported intention to improve EF a penile rehabilitation programme (PRP) that included VED usage was recommended. We conducted a prospective observational single‐center study where EF was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF‐5) at 6‐ and 12‐months post‐surgery. We compared the results of patients that had IIEF‐5 score <15 at 6‐month mark and started using VED, with IIEF‐5 score at 12‐month mark. The inclusion criteria are: patients that did not have adjuvant or salvage treatments during the follow up; have post‐operative evaluations with IIEF‐5 at 6 and 12 months and started PRP. A total of 43 patients were included. We have considered ED rehabilitation if the patient had at least 5 points gain on IIEF‐5 score at 12 months versus IIEF‐5 at 6 months. Every patient provided written informed consent for study inclusion, approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee (Approval 07.07.2017).ResultsFrom the total of patients included, 22 had an IIEF‐5 score <15 at 6‐month mark. We recommended VED to 7 patients and 4 used a VED regularly. Regarding patients that used VED, 3 had better IIEF‐5 score at 12‐month mark comparing to 6‐month mark, with an average gain of 7,75 in IIEF‐5 score. Regarding the total of patients (n = 43), 16 still had IIEF‐5 score <15 at 12‐month mark.ConclusionThis observational study underscores the potential benefits of VED in aiding EF recovery post RS‐RARP. Regular use of VED demonstrated significant improvement in IIEF‐5 score at 12‐month mark. Our findings suggest that integrating VED into the post RS‐RARP rehabilitation care plan could serve as an effective strategy for patients that do not respond effectively to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. Study limitations are small sample of patients that used VED and not having a stablished VED protocol. Further controlled trials are warranted to validate these findings and explore long‐terms effects.
The powerful potential of amino acid menthyl esters for anti‐inflammatory and anti‐obesity therapies
Authors: Takasawa Seidai , Kimura Kosuke , Miyanaga Masato , Uemura Takuya , Hachisu Masakazu , Miyagawa Shinichi , Ramadan Abdelaziz , Sukegawa Satoru , Kobayashi Masaki , Kimura Seisuke , Matsui Kenji , Shiroishi Mitsunori , Terashita Kaori , Nishiyama Chiharu , Yashiro Takuya , Nagata Kazuki , Higami Yoshikazu , Arimura Gen‐ichiro 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOur newly developed menthyl esters of valine and isoleucine exhibit anti‐inflammatory properties beyond those of the well‐known menthol in macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and in a mouse model of colitis induced by sodium dextran sulfate. Unlike menthol, which acts primarily through the cold‐sensitive TRPM8 channel, these menthyl esters displayed unique mechanisms that operate independently of this receptor. They readily penetrated target cells and efficiently suppressed LPS‐stimulated tumour necrosis factor‐alpha (Tnf) expression mediated by liver X receptor (LXR), a key nuclear receptor that regulates intracellular cholesterol and lipid balance. The menthyl esters showed affinity for LXR and enhanced the transcriptional activity through their non‐competitive and potentially synergistic agonistic effect. This effect can be attributed to the crucial involvement of SCD1, an enzyme regulated by LXR, which is central to lipid metabolism and plays a key role in the anti‐inflammatory response. In addition, we discovered that the menthyl esters showed remarkable efficacy in suppressing adipogenesis in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes at the mitotic clonal expansion stage in an LXR‐independent manner as well as in mice subjected to diet‐induced obesity. These multiple capabilities of our compounds establish them as formidable allies in the fight against inflammation and obesity, paving the way for a range of potential therapeutic applications.
Investigating the synergistic effect of ZnO/GO nanocomposite films for methylene blue removal
Authors: Yildirim Fatma , Canpolat Nurtac , Aydogan Sakir , Yilmaz Mehmet 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study aims to reveal the growth kinetics of ZnO nanoflakes and ZnO/GO nanocomposite films obtained at different Zn precursor salt concentrations by electrochemical deposition method and to evaluate the catalytic performances of the obtained films. The films were grown on FTO substrate with Zn precursor salt concentrations of 0.1 M, 0.125 M, and 0.175 M. Characterization of the obtained films was performed by XRD, SEM, UV–vis–NIR, Raman, and XPS analyses. The strong photocatalytic capabilities of the synthesized ZnO nanoflakes and ZnO/GO nanocomposite films were demonstrated by comparative analyses with the existing literature. Accordingly, photocatalytic experiments carried out under UVA irradiation revealed the high performance of the synthesized samples in the degradation of MB dye. The reaction kinetics were investigated using the Langmuir‐Hinshelwood kinetic model, resulting in high kobs values and R2 coefficients. ZnO nanoparticles showed a kobs of 0.038 min−1 and an R2 value of 0.96, while ZnO/GO nanocomposite films showed a kobs of 0.055 min−1 and an R2 value of 0.92. The significant increase in the degradation percentage shows the significant improvement achieved by the integration of GO, despite a slightly lower R2 value for the ZnO/GO nanocomposite film compared with ZnO nanoflakes films.
EPAS1, a hypoxia‐ and ferroptosis‐related gene, promotes malignant behaviour of cervical cancer by ceRNA and super‐enhancer
Authors: Lu Xiaoqin , Zhang Wenyi , Zhang Jingyan , Ren Dan , Zhao Panpan , Ying Yanqi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHypoxia and Ferroptosis are associated with the malignant behaviour of cervical cancer. Endothelial PAS domain‐containing protein 1 (EPAS1) contributes to the progression of cervical cancer. EPAS1 plays important roles in hypoxia and ferroptosis. Using the GEO dataset, machine‐learning algorithms were used to screen for hypoxia‐ and ferroptosis‐related genes (HFRGs) in cervical cancer. EPAS1 was identified as the hub gene. qPCR and WB were used to investigate the expression of EPAS1 in normal and cervical cancer tissues. The proliferation, invasion and migration of EPAS1 cells in HeLa and SiHa cell lines were detected using CCK8, transwell and wound healing assays, respectively. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. A dual‐luciferase assay was used to analyse the MALAT1‐miR‐182‐5P‐EPAS1 mRNA axis and core promoter elements of the super‐enhancer. EPAS1 was significantly overexpressed in cervical cancer tissues. EPAS1 could increase the proliferation, invasion, migration of HeLa and SiHa cells and reduce the apoptosis of HeLa and SiHa cell. According to the double‐luciferase assay, EPAS1 expression was regulated by the MALAT1‐Mir‐182‐5p‐EPAS1 mRNA axis. EPAS1 is associated with super‐enhancers. Double‐luciferase assay showed that the core elements of the super‐enhancer were E1 and E3. EPAS1, an HFRG, is significantly overexpressed in cervical cancer. EPAS1 promotes malignant behaviour of cervical cancer cells. EPAS1 expression is regulated by super‐enhancers and the MALAT1‐miR‐182‐5P‐ EPAS1 mRNA axis. EPAS1 may be a target for the diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer.