bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systemic inflammation is linked to low arginine and high ADMA plasma levels resulting in an unfavourable NOS substrate-to-inhibitor ratio: the Hoorn Study
Authors: van der Zwan Leonard P. , Scheffer Peter G. , Dekker Jacqueline M. , Stehouwer Coen D. A. , Heine Robert J. , Teerlink Tom 
Published: February 2011

Inflammation is associated with a reduced availability of NO in the vasculature. We investigated the possible involvement of altered levels of the substrate (arginine) and the inhibitor [ADMA (asymmetric ω-NG,NG-dimethylarginine)] of NOS (NO synthase). Plasma concentrations of arginine and ADMA, the inflammatory markers CRP (C-reactive protein) and MPO (myeloperoxidase), and oxLDL [oxidized LDL (low-density lipoprotein)] were measured in 369 male and 377 female participants (aged 50–87 years) of a population-based cohort study. The arginine/ADMA ratio decreased significantly across increasing tertiles of CRP and MPO. These negative associations remained significant in a linear regression model with both MPO (P=0.002) and CRP (P&lt;0.001) as independent variables and adjusted for age, sex and cardiovascular risk factors. In a fully adjusted regression model, MPO was positively associated with ADMA {5.4 [95% CI (confidence interval), 1.3–9.4] nmol/l change of ADMA per S.D. increase in MPO; P=0.010}, whereas CRP was not (P=0.36). Conversely, in a fully adjusted model, CRP was negatively associated with arginine [−2.8 (95% CI, −4.0 to −1.6) μmol/l arginine per S.D. of CRP; P&lt;0.001], without a significant contribution of MPO (P=0.23). The relationship between MPO and ADMA became stronger with increasing levels of oxLDL (1.8, 5.2 and 8.7 nmol/l ADMA per S.D. of MPO for increasing tertiles of oxLDL), consistent with the ability of MPO to amplify oxidative stress. In contrast, the relationship between CRP and arginine was not modified by levels of oxLDL. In conclusion, an unfavourable NOS substrate/inhibitor ratio may contribute to the reduced NO bioavailability associated with inflammation.
The effects of feedback loops on disease comorbidity in human signaling networks
Authors: Le Duc-Hau , Kwon Yung-Keun 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Motivation: In general, diseases are more likely to be comorbid if they share associated genes or molecular interactions in a cellular process. However, there are still a number of pairs of diseases which show relatively high comorbidity but do not share any associated genes or interactions. This observation raises the need for a novel factor which can explain the underlying mechanism of comorbidity. We here consider a feedback loop (FBL) structure ubiquitously found in the human cell signaling network as a key motif to explain the comorbidity phenomenon, since it is well known to have effects on network dynamics.
Results: For every pair of diseases, we examined its comorbidity and length of all FBLs involved by the disease-associated genes in the human cell signaling network. We found that there is a negative relationship between comorbidity and length of involved FBLs. This indicates that a disease pair is more likely to comorbid if they are connected with FBLs of shorter length. We additionally showed that such a negative relationship is more obvious when the number of positive involved FBLs is larger than that of negative involved FBLs. Moreover, we observed that the negative relationship between comorbidity and length of involved FBLs holds especially for disease pairs that do not share any disease-associated genes. Finally, we proved all these results through intensive simulations, based on a Boolean network model.
Contact: kwonyk@ulsan.ac.kr
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at BioInformatics online.
Comorbid psychiatric disorders and nicotine dependence in adolescence
Authors: Griesler Pamela C. , Hu Mei‐Chen , Schaffran Christine , Kandel Denise B. 
Published: February 2011

ABSTRACTAims  To examine bidirectional influences of onset of psychiatric disorders and nicotine dependence among adolescent smokers.Design  A prospective longitudinal cohort of adolescents and mothers drawn from a large city school system. Adolescents were interviewed five times and mothers three times over 2 years.Setting  Chicago, Illinois.Participants  Subsample of adolescent smokers (n = 814).Measurements  Selected DSM‐IV psychiatric disorders, nicotine dependence and selected risk factors were ascertained.Findings  Among lifetime smokers, 53.7% experienced at least one nicotine dependence criterion; 26.1% full dependence; 14.1% experienced an anxiety disorder, 18.8% a mood disorder and 29.5% a disruptive disorder. Nicotine dependence and psychiatric disorders were comorbid: nicotine‐dependent youths had higher rates of individual and multiple disorders than those not dependent. Controlling for other covariates, mood disorder and nicotine dependence did not predict each other; anxiety disorder predicted nicotine dependence. Bidirectional influences were observed for disruptive disorder and nicotine dependence. Predictors of onset of full nicotine dependence included earlier onset age of tobacco use, high initial pleasant sensitivity to tobacco, alcohol and illicit drug use, abuse and dependence and parental nicotine dependence. Predictors of psychiatric disorder onset included gender, race/ethnicity, other psychiatric disorders, illicit drug abuse or dependence and parental depression and delinquency.Conclusions  Initial pleasant experiences of smoking are predictive of later development of nicotine dependence. There may be reciprocal influences between disruptive disorder and development of nicotine dependence in adolescence, and intergenerational transmission of parental nicotine dependence and psychopathology.
Incidence of unintentional intraneural injection and postoperative neurological complications with ultrasound‐guided interscalene and supraclavicular nerve blocks*
Authors: Liu S. S. , YaDeau J. T. , Shaw P. M. , Wilfred S. , Shetty T. , Gordon M. 
Published: February 2011

SummaryIt is proposed that ultrasound guidance decreases the risk of intraneural injection and associated postoperative neurological complications. However, the incidence of unintentional intraneural injection with ultrasound is unknown. Two hundred and fifty‐seven patients were enrolled in a prospective, single‐blind observational study. All patients underwent a pre‐operative neurological examination before ambulatory shoulder arthroscopy with sedation and ultrasound‐guided interscalene or supraclavicular block. Patients were followed up at 1 week and at 4–6 weeks postoperatively. Two blinded anaesthesiologists viewed the same video of the ultrasound image during the block offline to determine intraneural trespass. Intraneural injection occurred in 42 patients (17%; 95% CI 12–22%). No patient suffered from postoperative neurological complications (0%; 95% CI 0–1.6%) at follow‐up.
The use of cone beam computed tomography in the management of dens invaginatus affecting a strategic tooth in a patient affected by hypodontia: a case report
Authors: Durack C. , Patel S. 
Published: February 2011

Durack C, Patel S. The use of cone beam computed tomography in the management of dens invaginatus affecting a strategic tooth in a patient affected by hypodontia: a case report. International Endodontic Journal, 44, 474–483, 2011.AbstractAim  To report on the use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the diagnosis and management of dens invaginatus.Summary  Chronic apical periodontitis of an invaginated maxillary lateral incisor was diagnosed in a patient suffering from hypodontia and awaiting active orthodontic therapy. Loss of the tooth would have complicated orthodontic treatment. Conventional periapical radiographs provided insufficient information about the nature of the invagination and its relation to the root canal to formulate an appropriate plan for treating the tooth. A small volume CBCT scan of the tooth revealed that the invagination and the root canal were completely separate, non‐communicating spaces and that the wall of the invagination acted as an obstruction to the effective chemomechanical debridement of the infected root canal. An innovative method of accessing the infected root canal, based on information from the CBCT images, was adapted to permit its instrumentation, disinfection and filling.Key learning points

Teeth with dens invaginatus requiring endodontic treatment present diagnostic and technical challenges.
CBCT can provide essential information in the management of dens invaginatus.
Determination of expressions for the thermal diffusivity of canned foodstuffs by the inverse method and numerical simulations of heat penetration
Authors: da Silva Wilton P. , e Silva Cleide M.D.P.S. , Lins Marcos A.A. 
Published: February 2011

SummaryThis paper deals with the determination of expressions to estimate the thermal diffusivity of foodstuffs placed in cans during their pasteurisation. To this end, experimental data of the temperature in the geometric centre of the can were compared with data obtained by simulations of heat penetration. For these simulations, the diffusion equation was numerically solved by using the finite volume method, with fully implicit formulation. The numerical solution was coupled to an optimiser based on the inverse method, in order to fit this solution to the experimental data obtained during the pasteurisation of tomato puree and custard cream placed within sealed cans. In the literature, the assumption of constant thermal diffusivity during the pasteurisation is common but for the analysed cases such hypothesis resulted in biased fits. Better results were obtained supposing an increasing expression for the thermal diffusivity, as function of the local temperature. In this case, the errors of the experimental data about of the numerical solution can be considered randomly distributed.
Evaluation of chemically characterised essential oils of Coleus aromaticus, Hyptis suaveolens and Ageratum conyzoides against storage fungi and aflatoxin contamination of food commodities
Authors: Jaya  , Prakash Bhanu , Dubey Nawal K. 
Published: February 2011

SummaryThe result of the present investigation explores the efficacy of chemically characterised essential oils (EOs) of Coleus aromaticus, Hyptis suaveolens and Ageratum conyzoides as antifungal and antiaflatoxigenic agent against some storage fungi and the toxigenic strain of Aspergillus flavus (Saktiman 3NSt). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of these EOs were also determined against the toxigenic strain of A. flavus (Saktiman 3NSt). The EO from C. aromaticus was found to be most effective exhibiting MIC and MFC at 0.1μL mL−1. The EOs also completely checked aflatoxin B1 synthesis in concentration‐dependent manner. In addition, fumigation of stored wheat samples with EOs exhibited remarkable protection (>80%) from fungal infestation showing their efficacy during in vivo storage conditions. Based on the results of the present investigation, the EOs of C. aromaticus, H. suaveolens and A. conyzoides may be recommended as novel plant‐based antifungal and aflatoxin B1 suppressor over the synthetic preservatives.
Effects of rosemary and sage tea extract on biogenic amines formation of sardine (Sardina pilchardus) fillets
Authors: Özogul Fatih , Kuley Esmeray , Kenar Mehmet 
Published: February 2011

SummaryNatural antimicrobials and antioxidants from rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and sage tea (Salvia officinalis) were produced using solvent extraction method. The effect of two extracts on ammonia (AMN) and biogenic amines (BAs) formation in vacuum packed sardine (Sardina pilchardus) fillets stored at 3 ± 1 °C was investigated for 20 days. Although the effect of extracts was dependent on specific amine and storage time, phenolic compounds from rosemary and sage tea generally resulted in lower AMN and BAs accumulation in sardine muscle. Putrescine (PUT) and cadaverine (CAD) were the most abundant amines, while histamine (HIS) concentration ranged from 2.05 to 28.77 mg 100g−1. Rosemary and sage tea extracts significantly reduced HIS, PUT, CAD and trimethylamine accumulation in the fish muscle (P < 0.05) while stimulating effect of extracts was observed on serotonin and agmatine formation. At the end of the storage period, PUT and CAD contents of control were 100‐fold higher than those of treated groups.
Post‐traumatic stress disorder symptoms among emergency nurses: their perspective and a ‘tailor‐made’ solution
Authors: Lavoie Stéphan , Talbot Lise R. , Mathieu Luc 
Published: February 2011

lavoie s., talbot l.r. & mathieu l. (2011) Post‐traumatic stress disorder symptoms among emergency nurses: their perspective and a ‘tailor‐made’ solution. Journal of Advanced Nursing67(7), 1514–1522.AbstractAim.  The goal of this study was to identify support activities for emergency room nurses who have been exposed to traumatic events, in order to prevent post‐traumatic stress disorder.Background.  Emergency room nurses experience stress during traumatic events, for which they need support. It turns out that such support is insufficient, ineffective or non‐existent.Methods.  This qualitative study was carried out among twelve emergency room nurses from January to May 2007. Semi‐structured interviews and a focus group were conducted. Content analysis fulfilled the objectives of our research.Results.  The frequency of traumatic events leading to contextual exposure and exposure as a witness increases with years of experience (r = 0·67 and r = 0·57). The frequency of post‐traumatic stress disorder symptoms decreases with age (r = −0·83). The data demonstrate the importance of having a supportive social network and being able to talk things over with colleagues. The support activities considered include all types of prevention. They consist primarily of a peer support system, psycho‐education and emergency room simulations.Conclusion.  A three‐level complex of support activities represents a promising solution to prevent and treat post‐traumatic stress disorder among emergency room nurses. A further study to test its effectiveness is currently underway.
Clarifying responsibility for self‐management of diabetes in adolescents using insulin pumps – a qualitative study
Authors: Olinder Anna Lindholm , Nyhlin Kerstin Ternulf , Smide Bibbi 
Published: February 2011

olinder a.l., nyhlin k.t. & smide b. (2011) Clarifying responsibility for self‐management of diabetes in adolescents using insulin pumps – a qualitative study. Journal of Advanced Nursing67(7), 1547–1557.AbstractAim.  To gain insight into and generate theoretical knowledge about the processes involved when insulin pump‐treated adolescents take or miss taking their bolus doses.Background.  Insulin pump treatment is considered the most physiological way to imitate the healthy body’s insulin profile in adolescents with diabetes. Despite insulin pump treatment, it is hard to maintain near‐normal glucose control in adolescents; one reason for this is missed bolus doses with meals.Method.  In this qualitative interview study, the grounded theory method was chosen as a model for the collection and analysis of data. Twelve adolescents (five boys and seven girls, mean age: 14·4 years, range: 12–19 years) from different Swedish paediatric diabetes clinics, four parents and one paediatric diabetes nurse were interviewed during 2008 and 2009. Two adolescents and two parents were re‐interviewed after approximately 10 months. Data from clinical visits and diabetes camps were used to verify emerging categories.Findings.  Responsibility in the context of taking or missing bolus doses emerged as the core category. It is elaborated and explained through three subcategories: distribution of responsibility, transfer of responsibility and clarification of responsibility. The findings describe the need to clarify the responsibility for diabetes self‐management in continuous negotiations between adolescents and parents to avoid missed doses.Conclusion.  Negotiations to clarify the responsibility for diabetes self‐management must be a continuous process between adolescents and parents. Diabetes care teams can facilitate and encourage these negotiations.
On statistical methods for estimating heritability in wild populations
Authors: SILLANPÄÄ MIKKO J. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractHere we take a look at molecular marker‐based heritability estimation suitable for non‐model organisms. We address several theoretical issues involved and discuss similarities and differences between our two main approaches: the animal model approach and the shrinkage‐estimation based multilocus association approach. Also computational issues and hypothetical example applications for ecologists are considered.
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)‐1 participates in Schistosoma mansoni inflammatory responses
Authors: CHENG P.‐C. , LIN C.‐N. , CHEN Y.‐J. , CHANG F.‐S. , TSAIHONG J. C. , LEE K.‐M. 
Published: February 2011

SummaryInflammatory responses to microbial products are amplified by a pathway mediated by triggering a receptor expressed on the myeloid cells (TREM)‐1. Relatively a few studies have been performed to investigate the role of TREM‐1 in macrophage activation in response to parasitic infection. In this study, we delineate the role of the innate immunoreceptor TREM‐1 in the parasite Schistosoma mansoni infection model from early to late (chronic) phases of infection. Flow cytometry analysis revealed gradual increase in the production of TREM‐1 protein on CD11b+ myeloid cells, with maximum production at 5 weeks p.i. Similar results in the pattern of TREM‐1 mRNA expressions in splenic CD11b+ cells from infected mice were obtained by real‐time PCR. However, unlike in spleen, the TREM‐1 mRNA expression in liver tissue showed no significant increase throughout the infection, including periods of maximum production of parasite eggs. Administration of schistosoma egg homogenate antigen to stimulate J774A.1 cells inhibited TREM‐1 expression on the surface, indicating that some substances of the Schistosma eggs may inhibit the expression of TREM‐1 on macrophages, lowering the macrophage‐mediated inflammatory response of infected hosts.
Assessment of Newcastle Disease–Specific T Cell Proliferation in Different Inbred MHC Chicken Lines
Authors: Norup L. R. , Dalgaard T. S. , Pedersen A. R. , Juul‐Madsen H. R. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIn this study, we have described the establishment of an antigen‐specific T cell proliferation assay based on recall stimulation with Newcastle disease (ND) antigen; further, we have described the results obtained after recall stimulation of animals containing different major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotypes, vaccinated against ND. First optimization of the assay was performed to lower unspecific proliferation and to enhance antigen‐specific T cell proliferation. These two issues were achieved using ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid as stabilizing agent in blood samples and autologous immune serum in culture medium. The optimized assay was used to screen chickens with different MHC haplotypes for their ability to perform T cell proliferation. Results showed that the antigen‐specific response of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from B12 chickens was generally low, whereas B13, B130 and B201 chickens were medium in CD4+ or CD8+ T cell responses. High responses were seen only in few animals of each haplotype and not in general. A polymorphism in the chicken CD8α gene was found in our experimental chicken lines, resulting in incapability to detect CD8α+ T cells using antibodies from the CT8 clone. Screening chickens with alternative antibodies showed that antibodies from the 2‐398 clone were able to discriminate all CD8α+ cells from CD8α− cells, and consequently this antibody was used in a second vaccination experiment performed with chickens of the haplotypes B13 and B130. This experiment showed a significant difference in antigen‐specific proliferation of CD4+ T cells between the two lines, but not in CD8α+ T cell proliferation.
First HPSE2 missense mutation in urofacial syndrome
Authors: Mahmood S , Beetz C , Tahir MM , Imran M , Mumtaz R , Bassmann I , Jahic A , Malik M , Nürnberg G , Hassan SAA , Rana S , Nürnberg P , Hübner CA 
Published: February 2011

Mahmood S, Beetz C, Tahir MM, Imran M, Mumtaz R, Bassmann I, Jahic A, Malik M, Nürnberg G, Hassan SAA, Rana S, Nürnberg P, Hübner CA. First HPSE2 missense mutation in urofacial syndrome.Urofacial syndrome (UFS) describes the combination of urological problems and an inverted facial expression upon attempts to smile. Seventeen independent familial cases from different ethnicities have been described so far. Some of these have been linked to chromosome 10q. Very recently, homozygous loss‐of‐function mutations affecting the gene HPSE2 were identified in nine cases. Here, we describe a consanguineous UFS family from Pakistan with three of six siblings affected. We establish linkage to the chromosome 10q critical region and identify two non‐synonymous HPSE2 variants. In silico analysis and screening of controls defines c.631T>C (p.Y211H) as a novel benign SNP and c.1628A>T (p.N543I) as the disease‐causing mutation. Our study exemplifies the challenges in proper clinical diagnosis of UFS and, thereby, supports the hypothesis of the disease being under diagnosed. By identifying the first HPSE2 missense mutation it also provides a starting point for studies aimed at functionally understanding the unusual combination of symptoms as characterizing UFS.
Heritabilität und Merkmalskorrelationen von Verhaltensmerkmalen bei vier österreichischen Brackenrassen
Authors: Kreiner Von M. , Stur I. , Mayrhofer G. , Müller S. 
Published: February 2011

ZusammenfassungIn der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die Prüfungszeugnisse von Anlagen‐ und Gebrauchsprüfungen der Rassen Dachs‐, Tiroler‐, Brandl‐ und Steirisch‐Rauhhaarige Hochgebirgsbracke der Jahre 1974–1987 mittels EDV erfaßt.Durch Regression der Nachkommen‐ auf Elternleistungen wird die Heritabilität für die einzelnen Prüfungsfächer geschätzt und phänotypische Korrelationen zwischen Prüfungsfächern berechnet.Die niedrigen, meist nicht signifikanten h2‐Werte und die große Variabilität der wenigen, signifikanten h2‐Werte zwischen den einzelnen Rassen lassen den Schluß zu, daß eine Aussage über die tatsächliche genetische Varianz der Prüfungsleistungen im vorliegenden Material nur bedingt möglich ist. Die Gründe dafür dürften in der zu wenig standardisierten und objektivierten Durchführung der Leistungsprüfungen sowie in der unzureichenden Erfassung der phänotypischen Variabilität der Einzelleistungen durch eine zu wenig differenzierte Notenvergabe liegen.Es werden Empfehlungen für eine änderung der Prüfungsordnung und Prüfungspraxis gegeben mit dem Ziel, in Zukunft aussagekräftige Heritabilitätswerte in einzelnen Fächern in Hinblick auf eine effizientere Selektion berechnen zu können.SummaryHeritability and phenotypic correlations of behaviour traits of four Austrian Bracken breedsThe study is based on reports of examinations in the breeds Tiroler‐, Steirisch‐Rauhhaarige‐, Brandl‐ and Dachsbracke during the years 1974–1987 evaluated by EDP.The heritability of the different traits was estimated by calculation of the regression of the offspring's performance on the performance of the parents. Moreover the phenotypic correlations between the different parameters were calculated.Based on the low calculated heritability values and the great variance of the few significant heritability values between the four breeds it was concluded that no statement about the real genetic variance of the performance is possible in the present material. This can be explained by the inadequate arrangement of the examinations concerning standardisation and objectivity. A further explanation is based on the inadequate registration of phenotypic variability of the individual performances by giving too little differentiated marks.Recommendations are given to change the regulations and arrangement of the examinations. The effects of these recommendations should provide more informative heritability values of the different parameters and therefore ensure more efficient selection.