bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of breast cancer on sexuality: what’s about the tunisian women?
Authors: Mnif L. , Masmoudi J. , Charfi N. , Baati I. , Guermazi M. , Jaoua A. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionThe sexual functioning problems in women after breast cancer are common. Certain factors related to treatment and its clinical implications may contribute to these problems.Objectives were to- Evaluate the changes in sexual life after treatment of breast cancer relative to the general population.- Identify the influence of demographic and clinical factors on sexuality.MethodsWe recruited 50 patients who were in remission for at least 3 months after initial treatment of breast cancer, and 50 healthy women.Sexuality and body image was evaluated using the Arabic version of the specific scale of breast cancer QLQ-BR23, which is an additional module to the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30 questionnaire.ResultsCompared with control subjects, patients reported more dyspareunia (61.5% vs 38.5%) and vaginal dryness (61.3% vs 38.7%). A diminished sense of sexual attractiveness was significantly more frequent within patients (p = 0.001).The patients had poor sexual functioning and sexual satisfaction and the mean scores were respectively 45.3% and 43.9%. Additional analyses indicated that menopausal status and sexual difficulties in the partner was significantly related to poorer sexual satisfaction (p respectively 0.018 and 0.014).The mean score of body image was 47.7% and its alteration had no significant impact on the themes of sexuality.ConclusionThese findings confirm and extend previous reports of impaired sexual functioning among breast cancer survivors. Results suggest that relief of sexual difficulties in partner should be an essential component of efforts to improve sexuality of patients.
Pedophilia: Etiologic models
Authors: Moutinho A. , Jorge G. , Pereira A.V. 
Published: May 2011

Pedophilia is defined as a recurrent sexual attraction towards pre-pubescent children. It is a serious and ubiquitous problem with clinical, social, moral and legal implications.The aim of this poster is to describe the factors that are most often associated with this paraphilia and to analyse some of the proposed etiological theories. In the past, etiological theories gave more importance to environmental factors, but recent studies have emphasized more and more the importance of neurobiological factors.Even though several factors have been identified, there are very few certainties when it comes to their role in the etiology of this disease and most of the proposed theories have a speculative nature.
Sexual dysfunction among male patients on antidepressant theraphy
Authors: Sibinovic V. , Tosic-Golubovic S. , Selimovic G. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionSexual dysfunction is common among individuals with major depressive disorder but not optimally treated often.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine differece in sexual dysfunction among male patients on antidepressant theraphy.MethodsStadu group consisted of 69 male outpatients who met DSM IV criteria for Major depressive disorder; aged 21–65 (mean 46.3 years). Studu excluded patients: with a previous history of sexual dysfunction, somatic diseases, other psychiatric co morbid condition. They did not used medication able to cause sexual dysfunction unless antidepressants or medications to improve erectile dysfunction. The ASEX and HDRS scales were applied at a single interview.ResultsThe prevalence of sexual dysfunction observed was 66% patients, 57, 7% in group under 50 and 74, 3% in group being 50 years old or older.Sexual dysfunction, revealed by a high score on the ASEX scale (mean overall score of 26.9) was in group of patient over 50 years old. (p < 0, 01). There are no statistical, significant differences in the points obtained on the HDRS scores in both groups. (p < 0.01). Sexual dysfunction were reported more frequently in patients taking TCA (p < 0.005) or SSRIs (p < 0.001) compared to patients treated with mirtazapine.The use of TCA is associated with loss of libido and erectile dysfunction, SSRIs with delayed ejaculation as well as impairment of libido and arousal.ConclusionsFrequency of sexual dysfunction is higher in patients over 50 years. The less impact on sexual function have mirtazapine.
Quantitative electrophysiology during night- and daytime including electroencephalography and event-related potential EEG/ERP topography and tomography (LORETA) in hyperthyroidism
Authors: Rosales-Rodriguez S. , Saletu B. , Anderer P. , Ludvik B. , Saletu-Zyhlarz G.M. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionIn contrast to the abundance of visual qualitative EEG reports in patho-endocrinology, there is a paucity of quantitative EEG findings.ObjectivesElectrophysiology may be utilized for differential diagnosis of hypersomnolence.AimsTo investigate long-term daytime sleepiness in a young female neurologist with the tentative diagnosis of narcolepsy in addition to moderate depression/anxiety and congenital thyroid hypoplasia treated with thyroxin.MethodsThree-night polysomnography, multiple sleep latency test (MSLT), visual EEG/ERP-mapping, LORETA, psychometrics and blood analyses were performed.ResultsPolysomnography revealed normal sleep efficiency and sleep architecture, but a high arousal index of up to 63/h TST. The MSLT showed a shortened mean sleep latency of 3.7 min. without REM-sleep onsets, objectifying the high Epworth Sleepiness score of 18. Visual EEG evaluation exhibited a fast alpha rhythm with intermittent theta and delta intrusions and paroxysmal activities. EEG-mapping showed an accelerated dominant frequency and ubiquitous increase in absolute (especially delta and beta) power, ERP revealed shortened N1 latency and very high amplitudes in all components (P300 > 5 SD). LORETA demonstrated significant regional increases in delta, alpha-2 and beta-1 power in the anterior cingulate, orbital, ventromedial, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and temporal cortex, predominantly right hemispherically. Psychometry showed increased anxiety (SAS) and depression (SDS) and reduced quality of life. Finally, hormonal analysis pointed to thyrotoxicosis factitia (ICD-10 E05.4).ConclusionDiagnostic investigations clearly elucidated the pathogenesis of the presenting diagnosis of organic hypersomnia triggered by increased sleep-microarousals due to thyrotoxicosis factitia. Discontinuation of hormone substitution led to a normalization process that will be discussed.
Associations occupational stress with pain and musculoskeletal disorders
Authors: Bugajska J. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionMusculoskeletal pain and disorders (MSDs) belong to the main health problems for occupationally active persons. Risk factors for these disorders include many working environment factors, such as: biomechanical (body posture, repetitive movements, load handling), physical (vibration, ambient temperature), organizational (working time, work-home balance) or psychosocial (work requirements, job insecurity, scope of control, feeling of support) factors.AimsThe study aims to determine associations between psychosocial factors in the working environment and pain and MSDs.MethodsTo assess the psychosocial aspect of work (work demands, job control and social support), the Karasek questionnaire was used. Prevalence and intensity of musculoskeletal pains was assessed using NMQ and VAS. Diagnosis of MSDs was based on physical examination schedule and criteria developed by Sluiter JK. (2001). Associations of psychosocial factors in the working environment, organizations of work and demographic data with pains and MSDs were explored by logistic regression using the SPSS program.ResultsA one-year prospective study was conducted among 725 occupationally active persons aged 20–67. Logistic analysis, taking into account interactions between demographic data (gender, age), work organization factors (daily working hours, shifts organization, type of work) and psychosocial factors (work demands, job control, social support, job insecurity) indicated that low job control, low social support and high job insecurity are the main risk factors for both pain and MSDs.ConclusionsThe results of the study show the necessity to implement activities that improve psychosocial working conditions into prevention programmes in order to reduce the prevalence of pain and MSDs.
Caregiving increases health complaints in middle-aged caregivers of autistic offspring: the role of years caring
Authors: Gonzalez-Bono E. , De Andres-Garcia S. , Romero-Martinez A. , Sariñana-Gonzalez P. , Sanchis-Calatayud M.V. , Moya-Albiol L. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionCaregiving of offspring with a chronic illness is a highly stressful vital experience. Previous studies with parents of schizophrenic persons revealed that these situations increase health complaints (González-Bono et al., 2009), with the duration of caring being a relevant variable (Contell-Montaña et al., 2010). The higher age of the caregivers of schizophrenia can contribute to this health unbalance, but little is known in younger samples.Aim/objectiveTo test whether middle-aged caregivers (parents of autistic persons) present higher health disturbances than controls and to investigate the moderating role of duration of caringMethodsHealth complaints and resting levels of immunoglobulin A (IgA) were measured in a sample of 38 middle-aged caregivers of autistic offspring (24 mothers/14 fathers) and 35 parents of healthy persons (17 women/18 men) of similar characteristics.ResultsCaregivers report more immunological, muscular, genital-urinary and general health complaints than controls. Additionally, the scores of all scales and total score of Goldberg Health Questionnaire were higher in caregivers than in non caregivers. No significant differences were found in IgA levels. Among caregivers, fewer years of caring were associated with more anxiety and lower IgA levels.ConclusionsChronic stress of caregiving of autistic offspring is associated with more health complaints. The number of years after unequivocal diagnosis of autism has a moderating effect on immunological disturbances and anxiety in care givers. Further research is needed to clarify whether the interventions focused on anxiety can influence the low antibodies levels and decrease future health complaints.
Stress and burnout affecting nurses in a developing country
Authors: Lu J.L.D.P. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectivesThe study looked into stress and burnout among nurses and the risk factors associated with such phenomena.AimThis aimed to determine the interaction between situational, factors, role stressors, hazard exposure and personal factors among nurses.Methods246 nurses consisting most of females (78.5%) from the different wards and units in the Philippine General Hospital (PGH) were surveyed. This was a cross sectional study.ResultsThe dominance of females in the profession reinforce the prevailing notion that the caring professions such as nursing are relegated to women. This gives the study its gender perspective. Almost half (49.6%) of the respondents reported being ill due to work in the past year, and 56.1% missed work because of an illness. Correlation statistics using the Spearman's rho showed organizational role stressors was most significant in burnout among nurses in the Philippine's largest tertiary hospital. Organizational role stressors consisted of ten dimensions, namely:1)Inter-role Distance (IRD);2)Role Stagnation (RS);3)Role Expectation Conflict (REC);4)Role Erosion (RE);5)Role Overload (RO);6)Role Isolation (RI);7)Personal Inadequacy (PI);8)Self-role Distance (SRD);9)Role Ambiguity; and10)Resource Inadequacy (RIn).ConclusionThe contribution of the study is in advancing new concepts in the already existing framework of burnout, and thus, can assist nurses and hospital administration on how to control this problem.
Work and stress among supervisors in selected manufacturing industries
Authors: Lu Y.C. , Lu J.L. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectiveThis study looked at sources of work stress among supervisor. s in manufacturing industriesAimThis research aims to elucidate data on occupational stress among supervisors in manufacturing industries and associated risk factors at work.MethodThe sample consisted of 23 establishments and from this, 47 supervisors were taken, and interviewed using survey questionnaires and focus group discussions.ResultsAmong the 47 supervisors, 51% were from garments industry while 49% from electronics industry, and 66% were women. Work among supervisors was reported to be challenging and stimulating but regular upgrading of skills was needed. Based on the FGDs conducted among the supervisors, the issues in the workplace included information overload, keeping abreast with developments in their fields of expertise, the need to be multiskilled, stress brought about by information technology, the new pedagogy in the workplace affecting occupational stress, stringent and the need for new organizational strategies. On logistic regression, occupational stress among supervisors was found to be significantly associated with heavy load stress, mental requirements of work, massive technical/ office work, and the use of microelectronics equipment needing concentration and literacy in IT, and regular upgrading of skills.ConclusionBased on these findings, we can conclude that occupational factors play a significant role in influencing the stress among supervisors.
Predictors of stress among Tunisian students
Authors: Mnif L. , Yaich S. , Ammar Y. , Masmoudi J. , Damak J. , Jaoua A. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionGaining access to university is a potential stressful situation. This stress results from external factors such as lifestyle change, academic stress and family relationship dysfunction but also other factors of personal vulnerability as neuroticism. These factors may represent a risk in student's mental and physical health.The objective of this work is to extract the various predictors of stress among Tunisian students.MethodsTo evaluate the perceived stress among students, we used the specific scale of perceived stress (Boujut E, Bruchon-Schweitzer M, 2003). Neuroticism among students was evaluated using the Neuroticism scale of the NEO-PI-R (Costa and McCrae, 1985).Both scales have been validated among Tunisian students.Students also answered a general questionnaire with questions relating to conditions of life like the type of lodgment and socio-economic status of parents.Our study was conducted on a representative sample of university students (n = 500) randomly selected.The correlation between perceived stress and neuroticism and between perceived stress and the various issues was measured by Pearson's ‘r’.ResultsThe Pearson coefficient showed a weak correlation between the total score of perceived stress and neuroticism score r = 0.42.The correlation between the total score of perceived stress and some questions of the questionnaire was good ;like the type of housing, socio-economic level, the means of transport used to go to school ; p < 0.05 for each of these issues.ConclusionStress among Tunisian students is due to external factors rather personal factors.
The surveillance of mental health and the strategies that families of the patients with seizure need to cope with stresses
Authors: Safavi M. , Parsania Z. , Azizzadeh F. , Ahmadi Z. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionSeizure is a common disease happening in all countries that surely affects life style of patient and his/her family; such patient needs helps of others to obviate his/her needs and delayed help leads to mental health impairment of the patient and his/her family.Method & materialsThis was a descriptive-correlative study in which 150 ones of patients families were selected via the systematic sampling method.We used three kinds of questionnaires to gather data including personal information questionnaire, General health questionnaire and Carver-Scheier-Veintrab’s questionnaire of stress coping Strategies.FindingsThe results showed that 56.7% of investigated units had inappropriate state of mental health and 92% used moderate-level guidelines to cope with stresses.The majority of family members of the patients with seizure (93.8%) had moderate level of mental health and similarly used moderate-level stress coping strategies(P = 0.000, S = 0.3).ConclusionThe findings of this study can result in a new plan to elevate the mental health level and also can train families of the patients with seizure and other chronic diseases how to cope with stresses.
Endocrine response and perceived stress during an experimental challenge task in childhood cancer survivors
Authors: Torrisi R. , Laufer D. , Ansermet F. , Halfon O. , Pierrehumbert B. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionLong-term implications of cancer in childhood are well documented regarding medical conditions. Sequelae on mental health and on response to stress are yet not well understood.ObjectivesThis study analyzes the association between stress responses and the experience of cancer in childhood, through biological and subjective measures of stress observed during a psychosocial experimental stress (TSST - Trier Social Stress Test)AimWe expected that:(1) the clinical group shows an accentuation of both biological and subjective stress responses;(2) the response among the childhood cancer subjects would differ according to presence/absence of depressive symptoms; and finally to find a correlation between the disease severity/treatment intensity and the response to stress.Methods53 subjects, 18 to 48 y.o (n = 25 survivors of childhood cancer, n = 28 controls) submitted to the TSST. Subjects provided before and after the TSST repeated evaluations of perceived stress and blood samples.ResultsThe clinical group showed a higher plasma cortisol level and a higher amplitude in the response to the TSST. The differences were amplified when depression symptoms were present. The subjective perception of stress and the plasma cortisol were only marginally correlated in both groups. The severity of the oncological disease predicted a higher endocrine response.ConclusionThe presence of avoidant coping is suggested in cancer survivors, accounting for the lack of correspondence between psychological perception of stress and cortisol response. A better knowledge of the dysregulations of the stress responses is important since they have been associated to psychological vulnerability.
Characterization of patients with suicidal behaviors
Authors: Alcafache J. , Figueiredo M. , Oliveira S. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectivesTo characterize the population with suicidal behaviour that uses the ER of the Hospital Infante D. Pedro. Elaborate a plan for prevention.MethodsObservational descriptive study of a single sample, transversal, including 102 individuals. All patients were assessed concerning socio-demographic, clinical and psychological items - IACLIDE (Depression Scale), 23QVS (Stress Vulnerability Scale) and Mini-Mult (Personality Scale).Results90.6% of women use pills as suicide method. 63.2% of men use drugs, 10.5% phlebotomy and 26.8% resorts to violent methods.Individuals with moderate or severe depression have a higher probability (91x) of suicidal risk compared with individuals with no depression or mild depression. Individuals vulnerable to stress have a higher probability (5.7X) of attempting suicide. Individuals with external influence suicidal behaviour have a higher likelihood of suicide risk (4x), compared to individuals without external influence. Individuals with personality disorder (particularly cluster B) have a higher probability (25x) for suicide risk in people without personality disorder.ConclusionThe para-suicidal prototype seems to be a 36 year old woman, low level of literacy, married, with previous para-suicidal gestures, from ingestion of drugs, at home, following an emotional conflict. The suicidal will probably be a 40 year old man, divorced, low financial resources, unemployed, having prepared a previous plan that consummated suicide by violent methods.The elaboration of a para-suicidal and suicidal profile, is an essential contribution to the determination of relative risk and to structure a prevention plan tailored to the perceived reality research.
Suicide risk awareness in Pakistan: Influence of religious, cultural, legal, socio-economic and interpersonal factors
Authors: Faruqui R. , Afghan S. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionPakistan is an Islamic country where religion is considered an important protective factor against suicide. Recent research and media reports identify that suicide and self harm behaviours are increasing in different parts of Pakistan.ObjectivesTo inform public policy debate and suicide awareness education interventions.AimsTo study socio-cultural, political, interpersonal and religious factors that can influence suicide and suicide awareness.MethodsSystematic search of Medline, Embase, PsychInfo, CINAHL, Pakmedinet, TRIP, and electronic searches of Pakistani Medical Journals, using terms Suicide, Self harm, Deliberate Self Harm, Self Poisoning, Non-Accidental Deaths, Undetermined Deaths. Focus Group Discussion, Aga Khan Medical University, Pakistan Consultation with experts in the field.Resultsa.Epidemiological evidence confirms an increase in suicide rates with variable figures reported from different parts of Pakistan. Higher rates of suicide rates are reported for men with an association with unemployment and mental health problems. Marital Discord and domestic violence identified as risk factors in female suicides.b.Religion is continued to be identified as an important protective factor against suicide.However, Pakistan's legal system that criminalizes suicide and self harm is criticized for exercising negative influence through preventing early identification of high risk individuals. A variable pattern of suicide reported from different parts of Pakistan identifies the need for deep cultural understanding and examination of protective and risk factors that operate with in family structures and sub-cultures in Pakistan.ConclusionsAn increase in suicide rates in Pakistan has raised mental health and public policy awareness.
Suicide attempts are associated with both acne and treatment with isotretinoin. A retrospective Swedish cohort study
Authors: Jokinen J. , Alfredsson L. , Sjölin-Forsberg G. , Gerdén B. , Bergman U. , Sundström A. 
Published: May 2011

To assess the risk for suicide attempt before, during and after treatment with isotretinoin for severe acne. Retrospective cohort-study linking a named patient register of isotretinoin-users 1980–1989 to the hospital discharge- and cause of death registers 1980–2001.5,756 patients prescribed isotretinoin for severe acne observed for 17,192 person-years before, 2,905 on and 87,120 after treatment. Main outcome measures Standardized Incidence Ratio (SIR): observed divided by expected number of suicide attempts standardized by sex, age and calendar-year, calculated up to three years before, during and up to 15 years after end of treatment.128 patients were hospitalized for suicide attempt. During the year preceding treatment, the SIR for suicide attempt was elevated: 1.57 (95% CI 0.86 to 2.63) for all (including repeat) attempts, and 1.36 (95% CI 0.65 to 2.50) counting only first attempts. For all and first attempts, SIRs during and up to 6 months after treatment was 1.78 (1.04 to 2.85) and 1.93 (1.08 to 3.18) respectively. The observed number of attempts was close to the expected during the 15 years of follow-up. The number needed to harm was 2,300 new 6-months’ treatments per year, for one additional first suicide attempt to occur.An increased risk for suicide attempt was observed up to six months after treatment with isotretionoin, which motivates a close monitoring of patients regarding suicidal behaviour for up to a year after treatment has ended. The risk for suicide attempts were rising already before treatment, and therefore, an additional risk due to the isotretinoin treatment cannot be established.