bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of the glutamate antagonist memantine on brain activation to an auditory perception task
Authors: van Wageningen Heidi , Jørgensen Hugo A. , Specht Karsten , Eichele Tom , Hugdahl Kenneth 
Published: May 2009

AbstractGlutamate is critically involved in the regulation of cognitive functions in humans. There is, however, sparse evidence regarding how blocking glutamate action at the receptor site during a cognitive task affects brain activation. In the current study, the effects of the glutamate antagonist memantine were examined with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Thirty‐one healthy adults were scanned twice in a counter‐balanced design, either in a no‐drug session or after administration of memantine for 21 days. The subjects performed a simple auditory perception task with consonant‐vowel stimuli. Group‐level spatial independent component analysis (ICA) was used to decompose the data and to extract task‐related activations. The focus was on four task‐related ICA components with frontotemporal localization. The results showed that glutamate‐blockage resulted in a significant enhancement in one component, with no significant effect in the other three components. The enhanced effect of memantine was in the middle temporal gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, and middle frontal gyrus. It is suggested that the results reflect effects of glutamatergic processes primarily through non‐N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor pathways. Moreover, the results demonstrate that memantine can be used as a probe which allows for studying the effect of excitatory neurotransmission on neuronal activation. Hum Brain Mapp, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multiperturbation analysis of distributed neural networks: The case of spatial neglect
Authors: Kaufman Alon , Serfaty Corinne , Deouell Leon Y. , Ruppin Eytan , Soroker Nachum 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis study assesses the feasibility of using a multiperturbation analysis (MPA) approach for lesion‐symptom mapping. We analyze the relative contribution of damage in different brain regions to the expression of spatial neglect, as revealed in line‐bisection performance. The data set comprised of normalized lesion information and bisection test results from 23 first‐event right‐hemisphere stroke patients. Obtaining quantitative measures of task relevance for different regions of interest (ROIs), the following ROIs were found to be the most contributing: the supramarginal and angular gyri of the inferior parietal lobule, the superior parietal lobule, the anterior part of the temporo‐parietal junction connecting the superior temporal and supramarginal gyri, and the thalamus. MPA is likely to play an important role in elucidating the anatomical substrate of complex functions. Hum Brain Mapp, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genetic variation in neuregulin1 is associated with differences in prefrontal engagement in children
Authors: Mechelli Andrea , Viding Essi , Pettersson‐Yeo William , Tognin Stefania , McGuire Philip K. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe majority of psychopathology is rooted early in life and first emerges during childhood and adolescence. However, little is known about how risk genes affect brain function to increase biological vulnerability to psychopathology in childhood, because most imaging genetic studies published so far have been conducted on adult participants. We examined the impact of neuregulin1 (NRG1), a probable susceptibility gene for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, on brain function in a sample of 102 ten‐ to twelve‐year‐old children. Each participant performed a Go/Nogo task, whereas brain responses were measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Statistical parametric mapping was used to estimate the impact of genetic variation in NRG1 on brain activation. Response accuracy and reaction times did not differ as a function of NRG1 genotype. However, individuals with the high‐risk variant expressed greater brain activation for both Go and Nogo stimuli in the right posterior orbital gyrus, where NRG1 genotype accounted for 11% of interindividual variance. There were no regions showing a significant interaction between NRG1 genotype and stimulus type even at trend level, suggesting that the impact of NRG1 on brain activation was not specific to either response inhibition or motor execution. These results suggest that that genetic variation in NRG1 is associated with different levels of prefrontal engagement in children as young as 10–12 years of age. Our investigation provides support to the idea that genetic factors may affect brain function to moderate vulnerability to psychopathology from childhood. Hum Brain Mapp, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Functional integrity of thalamocortical circuits differentiates normal aging from mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Cantero Jose L. , Atienza Mercedes , Gomez‐Herrero German , Cruz‐Vadell Abel , Gil‐Neciga Eulogio , Rodriguez‐Romero Rafael , Garcia‐Solis David 
Published: May 2009

AbstractResonance in thalamocortical networks is critically involved in sculpting oscillatory behavior in large ensembles of neocortical cells. Neocortical oscillations provide critical information about the integrity of thalamocortical circuits and functional connectivity of cortical networks, which seem to be significantly disrupted by the neuronal death and synapse loss characterizing Alzheimer's disease (AD). By applying a novel analysis methodology to overcome volume conduction effects between scalp electroencephalographic (EEG) measurements, we were able to estimate the temporal activation of EEG‐alpha sources in the thalamus and parieto‐occipital regions of the cortex. We found that synaptic flow underlying the lower alpha band (7.5–10 Hz) was abnormally facilitated in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as compared to healthy elderly individuals, particularly from thalamus to cortex (∼38% higher). In addition, the thalamic generator of lower alpha oscillations was also abnormally activated in patients with MCI. Regarding the upper alpha subdivision (10.1–12.5 Hz), both controls and patients with MCI showed a bidirectional decrease of thalamocortical synaptic transmission, which was age‐dependent only in the control group. Altogether, our results suggest that functional dynamics of thalamocortical networks differentiate individuals at high risk of developing AD from healthy elderly subjects, supporting the hypothesis that neurodegeneration mechanisms are active years before the patient is clinically diagnosed with dementia. Hum Brain Mapp, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lean job design and musculoskeletal disorder risk: A two plant comparison
Authors: Womack Sarah K. , Armstrong Thomas J. , Liker Jeffrey K. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis study examined the relationship between lean job design and work‐related musculoskeletal disorder (WMSD) risk factors. Repetition, force, and posture were assessed for a sample of 56 production jobs across departments at a lean automobile‐manufacturing plant and compared to 56 similar jobs at a traditional automobile‐manufacturing plant. The results showed greater productivity in the lean plant: less waiting (p = .006) and walking (p < .001); and greater repetition exposure (p = .001). The mean rating for repetition was 5.5 in the lean plant, compared to 5.0 in the traditional plant based on the Latko (1997) hand activity level scale. However, the lean plant had significantly lower peak hand force ratings (p = .01). When examining force and repetition combined, the lean plant had a lower percentage of jobs above the American Conference for Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)‐recommended Threshold Limit Value (TLV®). The findings suggest that lean manufacturing does not necessarily increase workers' risk for WMSD injuries. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
p73 G4C14‐to‐A4T14 polymorphism and risk of second primary malignancy after index squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck
Authors: Li Fanglin , Sturgis Erich M. , Zafereo Mark E. , Liu Zhensheng , Wang Li.‐E. , Wei Qingyi , Li Guojun 
Published: May 2009

AbstractP73 plays an important role in modulating cell‐cycle control, inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting cell growth. A novel noncoding p73 G4C14‐to‐A4T14 exon 2 polymorphism was associated with risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). We hypothesized that p73 G4C14‐to‐A4T14 polymorphism modulates risk of second primary malignancies (SPM) in patients after index SCCHN. We followed a cohort of 1,384 patients diagnosed with incident SCCHN between May 1995 and January 2007 for SPM development. Log‐rank test and Cox proportional hazard models were used to compare SPM‐free survival and SPM risk between the different genotype groups. Our results showed that patients carrying the p73 variant AT allele were less likely to develop SPM compared with the patients with p73 GC/GC genotype (Log‐rank test, p = 0.013). Compared with the p73 GC/GC genotype, there was a significantly reduced risk of SPM associated with the p73 GC/AT genotype (HR, 0.61, 95% CI, 0.40–0.93) and the combined p73 GC/AT+AT/AT genotypes (HR, 0.59, 95% CI, 0.39–0.89), but a nonsignificantly reduced risk for p73 AT/AT genotype (HR, 0.44, 95% CI, 0.14–1.41). The p73 AT allele was significantly associated with risk of SPM in an allele dose‐response manner (p = 0.011 for trend). The risk of SPM associated with p73 variant genotypes (GC/AT+AT/AT) was more pronounced in several subgroups (e.g., older patients, men, minorities, ever smokers, and ever drinkers). Our results support that this p73 polymorphism may be a marker for risk of SPM among patients with an incident SCCHN. © 2009 UICC
The potential impact of human papillomavirus vaccination in contemporary cytologically screened populations may be underestimated: An observational retrospective analysis of invasive cervical cancers
Authors: Powell Ned , Boyde Adam , Tristram Amanda , Hibbitts Sam , Fiander Alison 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the proportion of invasive cervical cancers attributable to human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 in a contemporary, cytologically well‐screened UK population. This was achieved in a retrospective observational analysis by HPV typing 453 archival invasive cervical cancers diagnosed between January 1, 2000 and September 1, 2006. Pathological material was collected from 9 hospitals across Wales (UK), and HPV typing and pathology review was conducted at a central laboratory. Genotyping for high‐risk HPV DNA was performed by PCR‐enzyme immunoassay using the GP5+/6+ primer set. DNA was successfully extracted from 297 cases. Two hundred and eighty cases were included in the final analysis. The proportion of cases which had only HPV 16 and/or 18 was 219 of 280 (78.2%, 95% CI = 73.0–82.7); the proportion of cases which had HPV 16 or 18 and another HPV type was 230 of 280 (82.1%, 95% CI = 77.2–86.2). The proportion of cervical cancers associated with infection with HPV types 16 and 18 has previously been estimated at around 70%. The appropriate figure for a cytologically well‐screened UK population appears to be approximately 80%. Hence, the potential impact of the current vaccination programme may be underestimated. © 2009 UICC
Retracted: Heat‐shock pretreatment inhibits sorbitol‐induced apoptosis in K562, U937 and HeLa cells
Authors: Marfe Gabriella , Pucci Bruna , De Martino Luisa , Fiorito Filomena , Di Stefano Carla , Indelicato Manuela , Aventaggiato Michele , Russo Matteo A. , Tafani Marco 
Published: May 2009

Marfe, G., Pucci, B., De Martino, L., Fiorito, F., Di Stefano, C., Indelicato, M., Aventaggiato, M., Russo, M. A. and Tafani, M. (2009), Heat‐shock pretreatment inhibits sorbitol‐induced apoptosis in K562, U937 and HeLa cells. Int. J. Cancer, 125: 2077–2085. doi: 10.1002/ijc.24572The above article, published online on 15 May 2009 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor in Chief, Professor Christoph Plass, the Union for International Cancer Control and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The retraction has been agreed due to the manipulation of images within the article. The Editorial Office was contacted by a reader who expressed some concerns regarding the reuse of several bands in Figures 2a and 5a, which purportedly represent different experimental conditions. After requesting the original data files from the corresponding author, the editorial team confirmed that the western blots provided contained manipulated bands.
CD44‐positive cells are responsible for gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Hong Sung Pil , Wen Jing , Bang Seungmin , Park Seungwoo , Song Si Young 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAccumulating evidence suggests that tumors are composed of a heterogeneous cell population with a small subset of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that sustain tumor formation and growth. Recently, there have been efforts to explain drug resistance of cancer cells based on the concept of CSCs having an intrinsic detoxifying mechanism. In the present study, to investigate the role of CSCs in acquiring chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer, gemcitabine‐resistant cells were established by exposure to serially escalated doses of gemcitabine in HPAC and CFPAC‐1 cells. Gemcitabine‐resistant cells were more tumorigenic in vitro and in vivo, and had greater sphere‐forming activity than parental cells. After high‐dose gemcitabine treatment to eliminate most of the cells, CD44+ cells proliferated and reconstituted the population of resistant cells. CD44+CD24+ESA+ cells remained as a small subset in the resistant cell population. Among ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporters, which are known as the mechanism of drug resistance in CSCs, ABCB1 (MDR1) was significantly augmented during the acquisition of drug resistance. ABC transporter inhibitor verapamil resensitized the resistant cells to gemcitabine in a dose‐dependent manner and RNA interference of CD44 inhibited the clonogenic activity of resistant cells. In human pancreatic cancer samples, CD44 expression was correlated with histologic grade and the patients with CD44‐positive tumors showed poor prognosis. These data indicate that cancer stem‐like cells were expanded during the acquisition of gemcitabine resistance and in therapeutic application, targeted therapy against the CD44 or ABC transporter inhibitors could be applied to overcome drug resistance in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. © 2009 UICC
Clinical and biological significance of CXCR5 expressed by prostate cancer specimens and cell lines
Authors: Singh Shailesh , Singh Rajesh , Singh Udai P. , Rai Shesh N. , Novakovic Kristian R. , Chung Leland W.K. , Didier Peter J. , Grizzle William E. , Lillard James W. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractChemokines and chemokine receptors have been shown to be involved in metastatic process of prostate cancer (PCa). In this study, we show primary PCa tissues and cell lines (LNCaP and PC3) express CXCR5, a specific chemokine receptor for CXCL13. Expression of CXCR5 was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in PCa cases than compared to normal match (NM) tissues. CXCR5 intensity correlated (R2 = 0.97) with Gleason score. While prostate tumor tissues with Gleason scores ≥ 7, displayed predominantly nuclear CXCR5 expression patterns, PCa specimens with Gleason scores ≤ 6 showed predominantly membrane and cytoplasmic expression patterns that were comparable to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Similar to tissue expression, PCa cell lines expressed significantly more CXCR5 than normal prostatic epithelial cells (PrECs), and CXCR5 expression was distributed among intracellular and extracellular compartments. Functional in vitro assays showed higher migratory and invasive potentials toward CXCL13, an effect that was mediated by CXCR5. In both PCa cell lines, CXCL13 treatment increased the expression of collagenase‐1 or matrix metalloproteinase‐1 (MMP‐1), collagenase‐3 (MMP‐13), stromelysin‐1 (MMP‐3), stromelysin‐2 (MMP‐10) and stromelysin‐3 (MMP‐11). These data demonstrate the clinical and biological relevance of the CXCL13‐CXCR5 pathway and its role in PCa cell invasion and migration. © 2009 UICC
Subcellular localization of antizyme inhibitor 2 in mammalian cells: Influence of intrinsic sequences and interaction with antizymes
Authors: López‐Contreras Andrés J. , Sánchez‐Laorden Berta L. , Ramos‐Molina Bruno , de la Morena María E. , Cremades Asunción , Peñafiel Rafael 
Published: May 2009

AbstractOrnithine decarboxylase (ODC) and the antizyme inhibitors (AZIN1 and AZIN2), regulatory proteins of polyamine levels, are antizyme‐binding proteins. Although it is widely recognized that ODC is mainly a cytosolic enzyme, less is known about the subcellular distribution of AZIN1 and AZIN2. We found that these proteins, which share a high degree of homology in their amino acid sequences, presented differences in their subcellular location in transfected mammalian cells. Whereas ODC was mainly present in the cytosol, and AZIN1 was found predominantly in the nucleus, interestingly, AZIN2 was located in the ER‐Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) and in the cis‐Golgi network, apparently not related to any known cell‐sorting sequence. Our results rather suggest that the N‐terminal region may be responsible for this particular location, since its deletion abrogated the incorporation of the mutated AZIN2 to the ERGIC complex and, on the other hand, the substitution of this sequence for the corresponding sequence in ODC, translocated ODC from cytosol to the ERGIC compartment. Furthermore, the coexpression of AZIN2 with any members of the antizyme family induced a shift of AZIN2 from the ERGIC to the cytosol. These findings underline the complexity of the AZs/AZINs regulatory system, supporting early evidence that relates these proteins with additional functions other than regulating polyamine homeostasis. J. Cell. Biochem. 107: 732–740, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multi‐component stable isotope records from Late Weichselian and early Holocene lake sediments at Imiołki, Poland: palaeoclimatic and methodological implications
Authors: Apolinarska Karina , Hammarlund Dan 
Published: May 2009

AbstractLate Weichselian and early Holocene climatic and environmental changes are inferred from stable carbon and oxygen isotope records obtained on bulk and biogenic carbonates from the sediment sequence of Lake Lednica, western Poland. Along with sediment and pollen stratigraphic data, a wide range of carbonate components occurring in the sediments was analysed forδ13C andδ18O, including shells of several gastropod species and the bivalve genusPisidium, carapaces of the ostracod subfamily Candoninae and oogonia of the aquatic macrophyte genusChara. The development of catchment soils and the onset of authigenic carbonate production in response to the climatic amelioration during the Late Weichselian are clearly reflected by rising carbonate content, distinct isotopic shifts in bulk carbonates and decreasingδ13C values of bulk organic matter in the sediments. The GI‐1/GS‐1 (the Bølling–Allerød Interstadial complex/Younger Dryas Stadial) and the GS‐1/Preboreal transitions are marked by significant shifts inδ18O values of 2–3‰, as well as by distinct changes in carbonate content, indicative of a decrease and a subsequent increase in mean annual temperature. Correspondingδ13C records reflect primarily changes in aquatic productivity, with favourable conditions for phytoplankton and macrophytes during GI‐1 and the Preboreal resulting in persistent13C enrichment. The Younger Dryas Stadial is characterised by depletions in13C and18O, with indications of a climatic tripartition. Consistent offsets inδ13C andδ18O between records obtained on specific carbonate components reflect vital effects in combination with seasonal characteristics and habitat preferences of the respective carbonate‐precipitating biota. Largely parallel first‐order variations inδ13C andδ18O of the different carbonate components demonstrate that individual isotope records may provide important palaeoclimatic information, although more detailed reconstructions can be obtained from multi‐component analysis. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hot water acid‐resistant enamels for sheet steel
Authors: Kassem A. S. , Mostafa M. Z. , Abadir M. F. , Sherbiny S. A. El 
Published: May 2009

AbstractSeveral enamel frit recipes were formulated for direct‐on application on sheet steel. Their suitability as hot water and acid‐resistant coatings were investigated. DTA analyses were performed on raw batches to follow up physico‐chemical changes occurring on firing. Then batches with different recipe compositions were fritted and mixed with mill additions. These were then tested for thermal expansion and the corresponding linear coefficients as well as glass transition temperatures and softening points were obtained. Also, the viscosity of molten frits was determined as a function of temperature. These frits were then applied on sheet steel and the following properties were investigated: resistance to hot water, acid resistance, surface gloss, and adherence to steel. It was found that recipe No. 4, containing no manganese dioxide and the highest amount of nickel oxide among all the suggested recipes, gave the best results. The optimum conditions for application on steel sheet were: firing at 850 °C for 5 min.
Effect of Ag addition on the corrosion properties of Sn‐based solder alloys
Authors: Bui Q. V. , Nam N. D. , Noh B.‐I. , Kar A. , Kim J.‐G. , Jung S.‐B. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractCorrosion properties of three different Sn‐Ag lead free solder alloys have been investigated in 0.3 wt% Na2SO4 solution as corrosive environment. As cast solder alloy was analyzed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Volume fractions of the Ag3Sn in the solders were determined by image analysis technique. Pitting potential and corrosion potential for the alloys were determined by potentiodynamic tests. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was carried out to measure the film and charge transfer resistance. Alloys with lower Ag content have been found as better corrosion resistance material.
A note on substitutions in representable cylindric algebras
Authors: Ahmed Tarek Sayed 
Published: May 2009

AbstractWe show that it is impossible to define a substitution operator for arbitrary representable cylindric algebras that agrees in its basic properties with the notion of substitutions introduced for dimension complemented algebras (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Synthesis of a novel oligomeric intumescent flame retardant and its application in polypropylene
Authors: Song Pingan , Fang Zhengping , Tong Lifang , Xu Zhongbin 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA novel oligomeric phosphorous‐nitrogen containing intumescent flame retardant, poly (4,4‐diamino diphenyl methane‐O‐bicycli pentaerythritol phosphate‐phosphate) (PDBPP), was synthesized and characterized. Thermal stability and flammability properties of polypropylene (PP)/PDBPP composites with various PDBPP loading were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limited oxygen index (LOI), and cone calorimeter, respectively. The results showed that the incorporation of PDBPP could improve both the thermal stability and flame retardancy of PP considerably. PP/30%PDBPP system had a LOI value of 28 and its peak heat release rate was reduced by 60% relative to pure PP. Infrared spectrum and field emission scanning electron microscope measurements revealed that PDBPP and PP/PDBPP composites would form a continuous multicellular char layer containing phosphoric acid when exposed to elevated temperature. It was suggested that the very char layer was responsible for the enhanced thermal stability and improved flame retardancy. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers