bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanoparticulate Delivery Systems for Antiviral Drugs
Authors: Lembo David , Cavalli Roberta 
Published: November 2010

Nanomedicine opens new therapeutic avenues for attacking viral diseases and for improving treatment success rates. Nanoparticulate-based systems might change the release kinetics of antivirals, increase their bioavailability, improve their efficacy, restrict adverse drug side effects and reduce treatment costs. Moreover, they could permit the delivery of antiviral drugs to specific target sites and viral reservoirs in the body. These features are particularly relevant in viral diseases where high drug doses are needed, drugs are expensive and the success of a therapy is associated with a patient's adherence to the administration protocol. This review presents the current status in the emerging area of nanoparticulate delivery systems in antiviral therapy, providing their definition and description, and highlighting some peculiar features. The paper closes with a discussion on the future challenges that must be addressed before the potential of nanotechnology can be translated into safe and effective antiviral formulations for clinical use.
Contemporary Prestroke Dual Antiplatelet Use and Symptomatic Intracerebral Hemorrhage Risk After Thrombolysis
Authors: Peng Teng J. , Schwamm Lee H. , Fonarow Gregg C. , Hassan Ameer E. , Hill Michelle , Messé Steven R. , Coronado Fatima , Falcone Guido J. , Sharma Richa 
Published: May 2024

ImportanceIntravenous alteplase (IV-tPA) can be administered to patients with acute ischemic stroke but is associated with symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH). It is unclear if patients taking prestroke dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) are at higher risk of sICH.ObjectiveTo determine the associated risk of sICH in patients taking prestroke dual antiplatelet therapy receiving alteplase for acute ischemic stroke using propensity score matching analysis.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used data from the American Heart Association and American Stroke Association Get With The Guidelines–Stroke (GWTG-Stroke) registry between 2013 and 2021. Data were obtained from hospitals in the GWTG-Stroke registry. This study included patients hospitalized with acute ischemic stroke and treated with IV-tPA. Data were analyzed from January 2013 to December 2021.ExposuresPrestroke DAPT before treatment with IV-tPA for acute ischemic stroke.Main Outcome MeasuressICH, In-hospital death, discharge modified Rankin scale score, and other life-threatening systemic hemorrhages.ResultsOf 409 673 participants, 321 819 patients (mean [SD] age, 68.6 [15.1] years; 164 587 female [51.1%]) who were hospitalized with acute ischemic stroke and treated with IV-tPA were included in the analysis. The rate of sICH was 2.9% (5200 of 182 344), 3.8% (4457 of 117 670), and 4.1% (893 of 21 805) among patients treated with no antiplatelet therapy, single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT), and DAPT, respectively (P &amp;lt; .001). In adjusted analyses after propensity score subclassification, both SAPT (odds ratio [OR], 1.13; 95% CI, 1.07-1.19) and DAPT (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.14-1.42) were associated with increased risks of sICH. Prestroke antiplatelet medications were associated with lower odds of discharge mRS score of 2 or less compared with no medication (SAPT OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.90-0.95; DAPT OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.88-0.98). Results of a subgroup analysis of patients taking DAPT exposed to aspirin-clopidogrel vs aspirin-ticagrelor combination therapy were not significant (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 0.84-1.86).Conclusions and RelevancePrestroke DAPT was associated with a significantly elevated risk of sICH among patients with ischemic stroke who were treated with thrombolysis; however, the absolute increase in risk was small. Patients exposed to antiplatelet medications did not have excess sICH compared with landmark trials, which demonstrated overall clinical benefit of thrombolysis therapy for acute ischemic stroke.
Oligopeptide‐Induced Multifunctional Interface Layer with Protonated Hydrophobic Behavior and Strong Affinity for Highly Stable Zinc Anode
Authors: Liang Xiao , Yang Rui , Zheng Yongping , Zhang Fan , Zhang Wenjun , Lee Chun‐Sing , Tang Yongbing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractZinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) have attracted wide attention due to their low redox potential, high capacity, and intrinsic safety. However, key issues such as zinc dendrite growth, corrosion, and passivation on zinc anode detrimentally affect the electrochemical performance. Herein, as proof of a concept of oligopeptide, glutathione with functional groups including –NH2 and −SH is introduced as an electrolyte additive to construct a multifunctional electrode–electrolyte interface layer on the zinc anode. A protonated amino group (NH3+) is formed, which prevents the adsorption of water molecules on the Zn anode, building a hydrophobic interface layer and thus attenuating corrosion. Moreover, the strong interaction between the −SH and the zinc allows glutathione molecules to be tightly anchored to the electrode surface, constructing a robust interface layer. Consequently, a long cycling life of nearly 3000 h at 1 mA cm−2 for the Zn||Zn symmetric battery is achieved, and a stable cycling life of 1600 h is demonstrated at 3 mA cm−2. Furthermore, Zn||activated carbon (AC) hybrid capacitor with the glutathione‐containing electrolyte runs stably for nearly 28 000 cycles at 5 A g−1, among the best results of reported Zn hybrid capacitors.
Rationally Regulating Closed Pore Structures by Pitch Coating to Boost Sodium Storage Performance of Hard Carbon in Low‐voltage Platforms
Authors: Sun Dong , Zhao Lu , Sun Peiliang , Zhao Kai , Sun Yankun , Zhang Qi , Li Zechen , Ma Zhuang , Zheng Fangzhi , Yang Yin , Lu Changbo , Peng Chong , Xu Chunming , Xiao Zhihua , Ma Xinlong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHard carbon (HC) materials with rich closed pore structures and nano‐scaled soft carbon coating layer have emerged as promising anode in sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). However, it still remains a tremendous challenge to precisely regulate closed pore structures and soft carbon coating thicknesses for achieving excellent electrochemical performance in SIBs at low‐voltage platforms. Herein, PCHC‐10 with abundant and suitable‐sized closed pore size (0.45 nm) and nano‐scaled soft carbon coating layer has been accurately designed by chemical crosslink reaction between the pre‐oxidized phenolic resin and a small addition of pitch to form ester‐based bond. As anode, PCHC‐10 delivered large reversible capacity of 359.8 mAh g−1 within 0.001–2.5 V, and high capacity of 242.8 mAh g−1 in low voltage platforms (≤0.15 V). Besides, PCHC‐10 anode exhibits 91.4% capacity retention for 100 cycles, and Na3V2(PO4)3//PCHC‐10 full cell has superior rate performance and high energy density of 231.2 Wh kg−1. Furthermore, the detailed electrochemical storage behaviors and theoretical calculations revealed that the HC owning closed pore‐size of 0.45 nm has the strongest Na+ storage abilities in low‐voltage platforms. This work presents a novel insight for constructing HC with suitable‐sized closed pore structures and soft coating layer to boost Na+ storage capability in low‐voltage platforms.
Catalyzed Henry Reaction by Compartmentalized Copper‐Pyrazolyl‐Complex Modified Microgels
Authors: Grabowski Frédéric , Fink Fabian , Schier Walter S. , Soerensen Sven , Petrunin Alexander V. , Richtering Walter , Herres‐Pawlis Sonja , Pich Andrij 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCompartmentalization of homogeneous catalysts enhances their catalytic performance and can even increase the selectivity. Microgels can serve as smart catalyst carrier systems offering the compartmentalization combined with good accessibility of the catalyst enabling the recyclability and re‐usability. Yet, the incorporation of coordination complexes into microgels has not been studied systematically, lacking in detailed insight in their structure and catalytic performance. Herein, microgels are synthesized with controlled number and localization of copper(II)‐pyrazolyl‐complexes. The catalytic activity of microgels in the Henry reactions is examined showing significantly higher yields compared to pure copper(II)‐pyrazolyl‐complexes. Furthermore, the localization of the copper(II)‐pyrazolyl‐complexes in the microgel core resulted in higher product yields than for microgel catalysts with copper(II) complexes in the shell. Microgel catalysts are demonstrated with copper(II) complexes that can be used in numerous reaction cycles, allow re‐loading of copper to recover catalytically active centers, and can be applicable in industrially‐relevant catalytic processes.
Band Alignment Tunning via the Facets of CdS Nanocrystals with g‐C3N4 for Unveiling Their Enhanced Photocatalytical Property
Authors: Zhang Youchao , Ran Xiaoli , Fu Haitao , Gong yanlong , Li Sijie , Gu Feng , Wang Shufen , An Xizhong , Su Dawei , Yang Xiaohong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe heterojunction is a great approach to profit the photogenerated electrons and holes separation and then enhance the photoelectric current for the photochemical reactions, such as the hydrogen evolution reaction. The intrinsic of the enhanced electrons and hole separation is ascribed to the appropriate band alignment between the two contact materials and plenty of research has reported the different band alignments formed by the different contacted bulk nanomaterials. Few studies focus on the precious crystal structure‐related band alignment. Here, the polyheptazine structured g‐C3N4 together with the wurtzite CdS is investigated, and different band alignments are formed through the different exposed crystal planes of CdS. It is found that along with the annealing temperature, the CdS will dominantly expose with the (110) facets and then form the S‐scheme heterojunction with the g‐C3N4. The formed built‐in electric field between the valence band of CdS and the conductive band of g‐C3N4 accelerates the recombination between the photogenerated electrons from CdS and holes from g‐C3N4. Meanwhile, it promotes the separation of the photogenerated electrons with holes from g‐C3N4, resulting in the superior photocatalytic HER performance. The study supplies a new venue for preciously tunneling the band alignments between the heterogeneous catalysts for optimizing the photoelectric properties.
Designing and Constructing a Skyrmion Diode Device via Antiferromagnetic Exchange Bias Engineering
Authors: Zhao Chenbo , Shen Laichuan , Cui Baoshan , He Bin , Wu Chuangwen , Li Jiahui , Guang Yao , Nie Zhuyang , Zheng Xiao , Yin Gen , Shen Ka , Wang Hao , Liang Shiheng , Zhou Yan , Han Xiufeng , Yu Guoqiang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMagnetic skyrmions are topologically protected spin textures with nanoscale dimensions. They hold great promises as the building blocks for new generations of racetrack memories and computing devices due to their prominent properties. However, skyrmionic devices fabricated within the framework of conventional lithography usually suffer from magnetic disorders at material boundaries where spin disorders can easily pin and destroy magnetic skyrmions. In the present work, a new paradigm is demonstrated that enables the precise patterning and control of micro‐scale skyrmion bubble devices using the domain walls rather than the physical boundaries of the material. Such a paradigm patterns the background magnetic domain to stage the skyrmion motion, which is precise, reconfigurable, nondestructive, and can resolve the conventional issues introduced by disorders. This paradigm is demonstrated by implementing a skyrmion diode using a precisely patterned asymmetric racetrack defined by magnetic domains. The interaction between a moving skyrmion and the staging domain walls is well understood by both skyrmion motion experiments and micromagnetic simulations. Such a new paradigm serves as a crucial foundation for device applications of magnetic skyrmions in general.
Mechanical‐Enhanced and Durable Zwitterionic Hydrogel Coating for Inhibiting Coagulation and Reducing Bacterial Infection
Authors: Yan Zhuojun , Yao Mengmeng , Zhao Zhongming , Yang Qi , Liu Rui , Liu Baijun , Wang Xueyu , Chen Liming , Zhang Hong , Wei Yuping , Yao Fanglian , Li Junjie 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBlood‐contact medical devices are indispensable for clinical interventions, yet their susceptibility to thrombosis and bacterial infections poses substantial risks to treatment efficacy and patient well‐being. This study introduces a polysulfobetaine/alginate‐CuII (SAC) zwitterionic hydrogel coating on polyurethane (PU) surfaces. This approach retains the superhydrophilic and antifouling nature of pSBMA while conferring the antibacterial effects of copper ions. Meanwhile, the copper alginate network intertwines with the polysulfobetaine (pSBMA) network, enhancing its mechanical properties and overcoming inherent weaknesses, thereby improving coating durability. Compared to the substrate, the SAC hydrogel coating significantly reduces thrombus adhesion mass by approximately 81.5% during extracorporeal blood circulation and effectively prevents bacterial biofilm formation even in a high‐concentration bacterial milieu over 30 days. Moreover, the results from an isolated blood circulation model in New Zealand white rabbits affirm the impressive anticoagulant efficacy of the SAC hydrogel coating. The findings suggest that this hydrogel coating and its application method hold promise as a solution for blood‐contact material surface modification to address thrombosis and bacterial biofilm formation simultaneously.
Exciting Bacteria to a Hypersensitive State for Enhanced Aminoglycoside Therapy by a Rationally Constructed AIE Luminogen
Authors: Chen Chao , Li Xing , Wang Yilin , Sun Yingshu , Bao Yixuan , Zhang Jianyu , Zhang Ruoyao , Kwok Ryan T. K. , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Mao Duo , Hou Peng , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe diminishing effectiveness of existing aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGs) compels scientists to seek new approaches to enhance the sensitivity of current AGs. Despite ongoing efforts, currently available approaches remain restricted. Herein, a novel strategy involving the rational construction of an aggregation‐induced‐emission luminogen (AIEgen) is introduced to significantly enhance Gram‐positive bacteria's susceptibility to AGs. The application of this approach involves the simple addition of AIEgens to bacteria followed by a 5 min light irradiation. Under light exposure, AIEgens efficiently generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), elevating intrabacterial ROS levels to a nonlethal threshold. Post treatment, the bacteria swiftly enter a hypersensitive state, resulting in a 21.9‐fold, 15.5‐fold, or 7.2‐fold increase in susceptibility to three AGs: kanamycin, gentamycin, and neomycin, respectively. Remarkably, this approach is specific to AGs, and the induced hypersensitivity displays unparalleled longevity and heritability. Further in vivo studies confirm a 7.0‐fold enhanced bactericidal ability of AGs against Gram‐positive bacteria through this novel approach. This research not only broadens the potential applications of AIEgens but also introduces a novel avenue to bolster the effectiveness of AGs in combating bacterial infections.
Gastroretentive Raft Forming System for Enhancing Therapeutic Effect of Drug‐Loaded Hollow Mesoporous Silica on Gastric Ulcers
Authors: Chen Huayuan , Pan Li , Zhang Chengyu , Liu Lin , Tu Bin , Liu Ergang , Huang Yongzhuo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGastric ulcers are characterized by damage to the stomach lining and are often triggered by substances such as ethanol and non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs. Patchouli alcohol (PA) has demonstrated effectiveness in treating gastric ulcers through antioxidative and anti‐inflammatory effects. However, the water insolubility of PA and rapid gastric emptying cause low drug concentration and poor absorption in the stomach, resulting in limited treatment efficacy of PA. This study develops an oral gastroretentive raft forming system (GRFDDS) containing the aminated hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (NH2‐HMSN) for PA delivery. The application of NH2‐HMSN can enhance PA‐loading capacity and water dispersibility, promoting bio‐adhesion to the gastric mucosa and sustained drug release. The incorporation of PA‐loaded NH2‐HMSN (NH2‐HMSN‐PA) into GRFDDS can facilitate gastric drug retention and achieve long action, thereby improving therapeutic effects. The results reveal that NH2‐HMSN‐PA protects the gastric mucosa damage by inhibiting NLRP3‐mediated pyroptosis. The GRFDDS, optimized through orthogonal design, demonstrates the gastric retention capacity and sustained drug release, exhibiting significant therapy efficacy in an ethanol‐induced acute gastric ulcers model and an aspirin‐induced chronic gastric ulcers model through antioxidation, anti‐pyroptosis, and anti‐inflammation. This study provides a potential strategy for enhancing druggability of insoluble natural compounds and therapeutic management of gastric ulcers.
Emerging Trends and Future Prospects in Microfluidic Systems for Prevention and Diagnosis of Infection Pathogens
Authors: Dabbagh Moghaddam Farnaz , Rafiee Maedeh , Setayeshfar Atousa , Moradi Arman , Esmaeili Yasaman , Romana Bertani Francesca , Neisiany Rasoul Esmaeely , You Zhengwei , Nazarzadeh Zare Ehsan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractInfectious diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites pose a significant societal challenge. In response, scientists are developing advanced technology to enhance the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of such diseases. One such promising technology is microfluidic systems, which are utilized in organ‐on‐a‐chip systems to replicate the microenvironments of organs. These systems have potential applications in drug screening, disease modeling, and personalized medicine. This review provides an overview of recent advances in organ‐on‐a‐chip platforms and their potential for preventing and diagnosing various infections. After discussing traditional techniques employed in studying infectious diseases, the role of microfluidic platforms in detecting infections is delved in. It is expound on advanced microfluidic‐based strategies for infection diagnosis, such as the polymerase chain reaction‐based microfluidic devices, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay‐based microfluidic devices, hierarchical nanofluidic molecular enrichment systemand µWestern blotting‐based microfluidic devices, and smartphone‐based microfluidic devices. Additionally, future research challenges and perspectives are discussed on microfluidic systems in biomedical and regenerative medicine applications. Consequently, microfluidic platforms have the potential to serve as fundamental frameworks for understanding infectious diseases, thereby leading to personalized regenerative medicine.
hierarchical nanofluidic molecular enrichment system
An insight Into Surface and Diffusion Characteristics of UiO‐66@ZIF‐8 Core–Shell MOF for Asymmetric Supercapacitors with Unprecedented Energy Density
Authors: Mansi  , Shrivastav Vishal , Dubey Prashant , Hołdyński Marcin , Sundriyal Shashank , Tiwari Umesh K. , Deep Akash 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, nanosized zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) crystal has been produced on the universitetet i oslo‐66 (UiO‐66) metal–organic framework (MOF) to make core–shell structure using a layer‐by‐layer deposition method. In comparison to the pristine UiO‐66 and ZIF‐8, the core–shell MOF exhibits superior performance in terms of specific capacitance. This enhanced performance is attributed to its remarkable ability to facilitate the rapid diffusion of electrolyte ions through nanosized ZIF‐8 and enhance the electron transfer process involving the inner and outer metal ions within the UiO‐66@ZIF‐8 structure. Remarkably, the core–shell structure achieves an impressive specific capacitance of 588.8 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1 using 1 m sulfuric acid (H2SO4) aqueous electrolyte. Additionally, the UiO‐66@ZIF‐8 core–shell material is demonstrated as a positive electrode, coupled with activated carbon (AC) derived from waste tissue paper serving as the negative electrode, in the fabrication of an asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) device. At a power density of 400 W kg−1, this assembled asymmetric device delivers a notably high energy density of 53 Wh kg−1 along with a cyclic stability of 94.8% after 10 000 cycles. This study substantiates the superior performance of the UiO‐66@ZIF‐8 core–shell MOF structure as a highly effective supercapacitor electrode material, surpassing the performance of its pristine MOF counterparts.
Human Plasma‐Derived Extracellular Vesicles Protect Against Cerebral Ischemia‐Reperfusion Injury via HSP27 Phosphorylation
Authors: Wang Yunan , Yang Hongxia , Zhao Linlin , Yin Xiaohang , Ai Songwei , Hu Meiyu , Pan Xue , Zheng Yonghui , Shi Shuxian , Li Genjie , Pan Yonghui , Yang Tingting , Zhang Jingyu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIschemic stroke (IS) has become a serious public health problem, with patients undergoing endovascular treatment experiencing ischemia‐reperfusion (I/R) injury, which exacerbates cerebrovascular diseases. Circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown potential for treating cerebral I/R injury. In this study, the therapeutic effect of human plasma‐derived EVs and protective mechanisms in cerebral I/R injury is explored. An oxygen‐glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) model is used to treat SH‐SY5Y cells in vitro, and an I/R injury model is constructed by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) in mice. Human plasma‐derived EVs are extracted by size exclusion chromatography. Western blot, Immunofluorescence Staining, and 2,3,5‐Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride (TTC) Staining are employed to observe the effects of EVs on the neuroinflammatory response and infarct volumes in tMCAO mice, while TUNEL Staining, Flow Cytometry, and Western Blot are employed to assess cell apoptosis. Human plasma‐derived EVs alleviated apoptosis in SH‐SY5Y cells under OGD/R stress and exerted a protective effect against brain I/R injury in tMCAO mice. Mechanistically, EVs protected against cerebral I/R injury via HSP27 phosphorylation, and the HSP27 phosphorylation inhibitor KRIBB3 attenuated the anti‐apoptotic effects of EVs. Human plasma‐derived EVs activated the phosphorylation of HSP27, thereby inhibiting cell apoptosis and protecting against cerebral I/R injury.
Histone H3K18 and Ezrin Lactylation Promote Renal Dysfunction in Sepsis‐Associated Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Qiao Jiao , Tan Yuan , Liu Hongchao , Yang Boxin , Zhang Qian , Liu Qi , Sun Wenyuan , Li Zhongxin , Wang Qingchen , Feng Weimin , Yang Shuo , Cui Liyan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHistone lactylation is a metabolic stress‐related histone modification. However, the role of histone lactylation in the development of sepsis‐associated acute kidney injury (SA‐AKI) remains unclear. Here, histone H3K18 lactylation (H3K18la) is elevated in SA‐AKI, which is reported in this study. Furthermore, this lactate‐dependent histone modification is enriched at the promoter of Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) and positively correlated with the transcription. Correction of abnormal lactate levels resulted in a reversal of abnormal histone lactylation at the promoter of RhoA. Examination of related mechanism revealed that histone lactylation promoted the RhoA/Rho‐associated protein kinase (ROCK) /Ezrin signaling, the activation of nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB), inflammation, cell apoptosis, and aggravated renal dysfunction. In addition, Ezrin can undergo lactylation modification. Multiple lactylation sites are identified in Ezrin and confirmed that lactylation mainly occurred at the K263 site. The role of histone lactylation is revealed in SA‐AKI and reportes a novel post‐translational modification in Ezrin. Its potential role in regulating inflammatory metabolic adaptation of renal proximal tubule epithelial cells is also elucidated. The results provide novel insights into the epigenetic regulation of the onset of SA‐AKI.