bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Translating Knowledge About Environmental Health to Practitioners: Are We Doing Enough?
Authors: Trasande Leonardo , Newman Nicholas , Long Linda , Howe Genevieve , Kerwin Beth J. , Martin Richard J. , Gahagan Sheila A. , Weil William B. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractBackground: Practitioners see a large number of children affected by environmental exposures each year. A national network of pediatric environmental health specialty units has been established to strengthen prevention capacity, yet the effectiveness of that translational resource has not been assessed.Methods: We supplemented a qualitative systematic review of previous assessments of healthcare provider capacity with a self‐administered survey sent to the membership of the Michigan chapter of the American Academy of Pediatrics. We mailed surveys twice between October 2007 and January 2008 and obtained a 39.4% response rate.Results: Our systematic review identified 8 relevant studies, all of which relied on self‐report questionnaires and surveys. Recognizing this methodological weakness, we found that national and state samples consistently identified significant gaps in self‐efficacy and knowledge about environmental hazards across a broad range of child care providers. In the Michigan survey, respondents voiced high self‐efficacy in dealing with lead and second‐hand smoke, but confidence in managing pesticide, mercury, mold, polychlorinated biphenyl, and air pollution exposures was much lower (P < 0.0001). Pediatricians routinely referred affected patients to lead/toxicology clinics and allergist/immunologists but not to the regional pediatric environmental health specialty unit.Conclusions: Gaps persist in practitioner knowledge about environmental health nationwide and across disciplines. Despite methodological weaknesses, educational opportunities and other efforts should be studied to determine best practices for enhancing the evaluation of environmental health concerns in children. Mt Sinai J Med 77:114&&ndash;123, 2010. © 2010 Mount Sinai School of Medicine
Surgical Treatment of Metastatic Spinal Tumors
Authors: Meyer Scott A. , Singh Harshpal , Jenkins Arthur L. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractSpinal metastases represent a significant cause of morbidity in patients diagnosed with malignancies. Metastases to the spine can cause severe pain, paralysis, and impairment of activities of daily living. The treatment paradigm for spinal metastases involves a cohesive multidisciplinary approach that allows treatment plans to be made in the context of a patient's overall condition. There have been significant advances in the surgical treatment of spinal metastases that can significantly improve a patient's quality of life. Mt Sinai J Med 77:124&&ndash;129, 2010. © 2010 Mount Sinai School of Medicine
Preliminary reliability and repeatability of the Brazilian version of the Revised Knox Preschool Play Scale
Authors: Pacciulio Amanda M. , Pfeifer Luzia I. , Santos Jair L. F. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe aim of this study was to create an adaptation of the Revised Knox Preschool Play Scale (RKPPS) for the Brazilian population, as well as to apply the instrument with statistical analysis to verify the preliminary intra‐rater and inter‐rater reliability and repeatability of the instrument. The instructions presented by Beaton et al. regarding adaptation of instruments were followed to perform a cross‐cultural adaptation of the RKPPS. A preliminary test of the Portuguese version was performed on 18 children with no motor, cognitive or sensory impairment. The video recordings of this administration were analysed on two separate occasions by two examiners within a 5‐month interval, using the scores suggested by Pfeifer. The Spearman's test was used in the statistical analysis of the obtained data. The author of the RKPPS agreed with the small necessary cultural adaptations. The Spearman test revealed a high correlation coefficient and good significance levels for both intra‐ and inter‐raters values. This study demonstrated the reliability and repeatability of the Brazilian version of the RKPPS. This is a preliminary study and further studies are needed in order to validate the scale to be administered in the Brazilian population. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biodegradable PEO/cellulose‐based solid–solid phase change materials
Authors: Pielichowska Kinga , Pielichowski Krzysztof 
Published: January 2010

AbstractA series of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) blends with cellulose (CEL) or cellulose derivatives—carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), cellulose acetate (CAC), and cellulose ether (CET)—has been investigated as phase change materials for thermal energy storage. For PEO/CEL blends solid–solid phase transition has been observed in the whole concentration's range; for PEO/CMC and PEO/CET blends solid–solid phase transition has been found for PEO content 25 or 50 and 25 wt%, respectively. Otherwise, solid–liquid phase transition takes place. MTDSC investigations revealed that for PEO/CEL and PEO/CMC blends transition the strongest recrystallization effect (as evidenced by exothermic effect in reversing heat flow) as melting process occurred. FTIR analysis shows a shift of the stretching vibration bands of both the proton‐donor OH groups from CEL and PEO due to intermolecular hydrogen interactions between the blends' components. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Maternal plasma soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 and free vascular endothelial growth factor at 11 to 13 weeks of gestation in preeclampsia
Authors: Akolekar Ranjit , de Cruz Jader , Foidart Jean‐Michel , Munaut Carine , Nicolaides Kypros H. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the maternal plasma concentration of soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 (sFlt‐1) and free vascular endothelial growth factor (free‐VEGF) at 11 to 13 weeks of gestation in patients destined to develop preeclampsia (PE) and to examine whether any possible differences in maternal plasma levels are related to uterine artery pulsatility index (PI) and maternal serum placental growth factor (PlGF).MethodsPlasma free‐VEGF, plasma sFlt‐1, serum PlGF and uterine artery PI were measured at 11 to 13 weeks in 90 cases that subsequently developed PE and in 180 unaffected controls.ResultsIn the majority of cases of PE and controls the levels of free‐VEGF were undetectable. In the pregnancies that developed PE, compared to unaffected controls, uterine artery PI was higher, serum PlGF was lower but there was no significant difference in levels of sFlt‐1.ConclusionMeasurement of free‐VEGF and sFlt‐1 in maternal blood at 11 to 13 weeks of gestation is not useful in the prediction of pregnancies destined to develop PE. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effect of different catalytic chain transfer agents on particle nucleation and the course of the polymerization in ab initio batch emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate
Authors: Smeets Niels M. B. , Jansen Tom G. T. , Sciarone Timo J. J. , Heuts Johan P. A. , Meuldijk Jan , Van Herk Alex M. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe effect a Co(II) based catalytic chain transfer agent (CCTA) has on the course of the polymerization and the product properties of an emulsion polymerization is governed by the intrinsic activity and the partitioning behavior of the catalyst. The effect on the conversion time history, the molecular weight distribution and the particle size distribution is evaluated in batch emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate for three different CCTAs, which cover a range of intrinsic activities and partitioning behaviors. It was demonstrated that radical desorption from the particle phase to the aqueous phase preceded by chain transfer is the main kinetic event controlling the course of the polymerization and the product properties in terms of the particle size distribution. The experimental results show that the aqueous phase solubility of the CCTA is the key parameter controlling the course of the polymerization and the particle size distribution. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 1038–1048, 2010
Titanium‐mediated [CpTiCl2(OEt)] ring‐opening polymerization of lactides: A novel route to well‐defined polylactide‐based complex macromolecular architectures
Authors: Petzetakis Nikolaos , Pitsikalis Marinos , Hadjichristidis Nikos 
Published: January 2010

AbstractAmong three cyclopentadienyl titanium complexes studied, CpTiCl2(OEt), containing a 5% excess CpTiCl3, has proven to be a very efficient catalyst for the ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of L‐lactide (LLA) in toluene at 130 °C. Kinetic studies revealed that the polymerization yield (up to 100%) and the molecular weight increase linearly with time, leading to well‐defined PLLA with narrow molecular weight distributions (Mw/Mn ≤ 1.1). Based on the above results, PS‐b‐PLLA, PI‐b‐PLLA, PEO‐b‐PLLA block copolymers, and a PS‐b‐PI‐b‐PLLA triblock terpolymer were synthesized. The synthetic strategy involved: (a) the preparation of OH‐end‐functionalized homopolymers or diblock copolymers by anionic polymerization, (b) the reaction of the OH‐functionalized polymers with CpTiCl3 to give the corresponding Ti‐macrocatalyst, and (c) the ROP of LLA to afford the final block copolymers. PMMA‐g‐PLLA [PMMA: poly(methyl methacrylate)] was also synthesized by: (a) the reaction of CpTiCl3 with 2‐hydroxy ethyl methacrylate, HEMA, to give the Ti‐HEMA‐catalyst, (b) the ROP of LLA to afford a PLLA methacrylic‐macromonomer, and (c) the copolymerization (conventional and ATRP) of the macromonomer with MMA to afford the final graft copolymer. Intermediate and final products were characterized by NMR spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography, equipped with refractive index and two‐angle laser light scattering detectors. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 1092–1103, 2010
Tailoring the liquid crystalline property via controlling the generation of dendronized polymers containing azobenzene mesogen
Authors: Yang Chang‐An , Wang Guo , Xie Helou , Wang Qing , Zhang Hailiang , Chen Erqiang , Zhou Qifeng 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe first‐ and second‐generation dendronized polymers containing azobenzene mesogen were designed and successfully synthesized via free radical polymerization. The chemical structures of the monomers were confirmed by elemental analysis, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR. The molecular characterizations of the polymers were performed with 1H NMR and gel permeation chromatography. The phase structures and transition behaviors were studied using differential scanning calorimetry, polarized light microscopy, and small‐angle X‐ray scatter experiments. The experiment results revealed that the first‐generation dendronized polymer exhibited liquid crystalline behavior of the conventional side‐chain liquid crystalline polymer with azobenzene mesogen, that is, the polymer exhibited smectic phase structure at lower temperature and nematic phase structure at higher temperature. However, the second‐generation dendronized polymers exhibited more versatile intriguing liquid crystalline structures, namely smectic phase structure at lower temperature and columnar nematic phase structure at higher temperature, and moreover, the phase structure still remained before the decomposition temperature. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 1149–1159, 2010
Host–guest complexation‐triggered chiroptical change of poly(phenylacetylene)s bearing binaphthocrown ether moieties on the main chain
Authors: Sakai Ryosuke , Yonekawa Takafumi , Otsuka Issei , Kakuchi Ryohei , Satoh Toshifumi , Kakuchi Toyoji 
Published: January 2010

AbstractDiacetylene monomers with respective lengths of the oxyethylene chains were cyclopolymerized with a rhodium catalyst to produce novel poly(phenylacetylene)s bearing a different cavity size of the chiral crown ether in the repeating units (2a–c). In the circular dichroism spectra of the resulting polymers, characteristic Cotton effects were observed in the range from 350 to 500 nm corresponding to the absorption of the conjugated polymer backbone, indicating that the polymers possessed a helical structure with an excess single screw sense induced by the covalently bonded binaphthyl units. The host–guest complexation of 2a–c with achiral guests produced a chiroptical change based on the fluctuation in the main chain conformation. The behavior of the complexation‐induced chiroptical change was essentially dictated by the cavity size of the binaphthocrown ether units. Additionally, a chirality‐responsive helicity change was observed in the case of the complexation of 2a–c with chiral guests, which also depended on the crown ether size. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 1197–1206, 2010
Suppressed molecular orientation in nylon 6/clay nanocomposite at large strain: Role of microvoiding
Authors: Na Bing , Xu Wenfei , Lv Ruihua , Tian Nana , Li Zhujun , Su Run , Fu Qiang 
Published: January 2010

AbstractA micro‐FTIR measurement has been conducted to explore the molecular orientation of amorphous phase in the nylon 6/clay nanocomposite at large strain. Our results indicate that the molecular orientation in such a nanocomposite during stretching is lower than that observed for the pure nylon 6 counterpart, which is further evidenced by the true stress‐strain dependence. The relaxation of the molecular network, resulted from the destruction of γ‐crystals in part and mostly from microvoding (demonstrated by volume dilatation and 2D‐SAXS measurements), should be responsible for the suppressed molecular orientation in the nylon 6/clay nanocomposite. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 514–519, 2010
Chain orientation and distribution in ring‐banded spherulites formed in poly(ester urethane) multiblock copolymer
Authors: Wang Wei , Jin Ying , Yang Xiaoniu , Su Zhaohui 
Published: January 2010

AbstractA poly(ester urethane) multiblock copolymer containing poly(ε‐caprolactone) glycol (PCL) soft segments gives ring‐banded spherulite as crystallized from its melted film. Analysis based on polarized light microscopy and atomic force microcopy revealed that the ring‐banded structures consist of alternate convex and concave bands as a consequence of rhythmic growth. These convex and concave bands, which are composed of flat‐on and edge‐on lamellae, show layered terrace‐like and fibrillar morphology, respectively. The chain orientation and composition distribution in the ring‐banded spherulites were further investigated using FTIR imaging. The convex bands are mainly PCL‐rich domains with perpendicular chain orientation to the substrate, and the concave bands are urethane‐rich domains, where the PCL chains are perpendicular to the radial growth directions of the spherulite but parallel to the film plane. The formation of different orientations in the convex and concave bands is attributed to the rhythmic growth behavior for the copolymers with composition distribution along the chains. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 541–547, 2010
On the multiple crystallization behavior of PTFE in PMMA/PTFE nanocomposites from core–shell nanoparticles
Authors: Laus Michele , Sparnacci Katia , Antonioli Diego , Deregibus Simone , Kapeliouchko Valerj , Palamone Giovanna , Poggio Tiziana , Zuccheri Giampaolo , Passeri Rosita 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe peculiar thermal behavior of four PTFE/PMMA (Polymethylmethacrylate) core–shell nanoparticle samples, marked DV2M1, DV2M2, DV2M4, and DV2M6, was studied by combined differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. The melting process of the PTFE in the various samples, subjected to annealing and thermal treatments, does not change. In contrast, a complex fractionated crystallization‐type behavior for the PTFE component was observed. The nanocomposite produced by the PMMA shell fluidification features a perfect dispersion of the nanometric PTFE cores. In these conditions, only one crystallization exotherm at very high undercooling is observed, possibly deriving from the homogeneous nucleation mechanism. In contrast, when high temperature thermal treatments cause the decomposition with partial loss of the PMMA shell and allows some cores to get in contact and merge, a crystallization process structured into several components is observed. This behavior indicates that different nucleation mechanisms are active, possibly involving the participation of distinct types of active nuclei with distinct crystallization efficiencies. Finally, when the PMMA shell amount is substantially reduced by the thermal degradation, only the expected crystallization process at moderate undercooling (310 °C) is observed, corresponding to the bulk crystallization induced by the most efficient heterogeneous nuclei. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 548–554, 2010
The impact of cancer and quality of life for post‐treatment non‐Hodgkin lymphoma survivors
Authors: Smith Sophia K. , Crespi Catherine M. , Petersen Laura , Zimmerman Sheryl , Ganz Patricia A. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjective: Recent work suggests that perceptions of the impact of cancer on survivors' lives are associated with physical and mental health and quality of life (QOL) outcomes. This study examines the association between the Impact of Cancer Version 2 Scales (IOCv2) and these outcomes in a large sample of survivors of adult non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).Methods: Participants completed a mailed survey to assess physical and mental health (SF‐36), cancer‐specific QOL (FACT‐G) and perceived impact of cancer (IOCv2). Hierarchical multiple regression models, in which demographic, clinical, psychosocial and IOCv2 measures were added sequentially, were employed to evaluate their contribution to explain variance in SF‐36 and FACT‐G scores.Results: A total of 652 post‐treatment NHL survivors participated. Survivors with comorbidities and negative appraisals of life threat and treatment intensity reported worse physical and mental health and QOL (all p<0.05). After controlling for demographic and clinical characteristics, younger respondents reported better physical but worse mental health and QOL (all p<0.01). Lower IOCv2 Negative Impact (all p<0.001) and higher Positive Impact (all p<0.05) scores were associated with better physical and mental health and QOL after controlling for demographic, clinical and psychosocial characteristics.Conclusions: Findings suggest that perceptions of cancer's impact on survivors' lives may influence or be influenced by health status and functioning and QOL. Longitudinal research is needed to establish causality, which could lead to the development of interventions targeting survivors' impact of cancer concerns, and ultimately to the enhancement of overall health and QOL. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predictors of arm morbidity following breast cancer surgery
Authors: Hack Thomas F. , Kwan Winkle B. , Thomas‐MacLean Roanne L. , Towers Anna , Miedema Baukje , Tilley Andrea , Chateau Dan 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjective: Arm morbidity post‐breast cancer surgery is increasingly being recognized as a chronic problem for some women following breast cancer surgery. The purpose of this study was to examine demographic, disease, and treatment‐related predictors of a comprehensive array of chronic arm morbidity (pain, lymphedema, functional disability, and range of motion) post‐breast cancer surgery.Methods: Women (n=316) with a non‐metastatic primary diagnosis of breast cancer were accrued from cancer centers in four Canadian cities. Patients completed a clinical assessment and measures of arm morbidity at 6–12 months post‐breast cancer surgery. The independent variables in the MANOVA to predict arm morbidity included: Lymph node management type, number of axillary nodes dissected, type of surgery, disease stage, presence of post‐operative infection, radiation to the axilla, body mass index (BMI), assessment time post‐surgery, education, and partner status.Results: Pain was significantly predicted by axillary lymph node management, lack of a partner, and post‐operative infection; lymphedema by axillary lymph node management, number of axillary nodes dissected, radiation to the axilla, and having a modified radical mastectomy; functional disability by post‐operative infection and high BMI; and restricted external rotation by axillary lymph node management, low educational attainment, and advanced disease.Conclusion: Comprehensive behavioral management and rehabilitation programs are needed to treat arm morbidity following breast cancer surgery. These programs should address the full scope of symptoms and associated psychosocial and functional sequelae. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nanocomposites: An Ideal Coating Material to Reduce the Sensitivity of Hydrazinium Nitroformate (HNF)
Authors: Athar Javaid , Ghosh Mrinal , Dendage Pundalik S. , Damse Ramdas S. , Sikder Arun K. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractHydrazinium nitroformate (HNF), an energetic and eco‐friendly oxidizer, was desensitized successfully by changing its crystal size and shape and by coating with a nanocomposite. During crystallization, various methods were tried out which include mechanical stirring, ultrasound and using crystal shape modifiers (CSMs). Experimental results showed that the multi‐pronged approach to control the shape and size of the crystals by a careful choice of CSMs and crystallization method worked well to counter the preferential axial crystals growth, thus shifting the long needles to near cubical shape. Among various coating agents, a hydroxy‐terminated poly butadiene (HTPB)‐based clay nanocomposite was found to be most effective for reducing the friction and impact sensitivity of HNF. A Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) coupled with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopic (EDS) analysis was found to be a very reliable and most useful technique to assess the extent of coating on HNF so as to achieve a consistent figure of insensitivity. The coating material was stable as well as compatible with the HNF crystals as revealed by thermal analysis.
Measurement and analysis of truck and rail vibration levels in Thailand
Authors: Chonhenchob Vanee , Singh Sher Paul , Singh Jay Jagjit , Sittipod Sukasem , Swasdee Dathpan , Pratheepthinthong Supoj 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWorldwide increase in trade, foreign direct investment, capital flows, migration and the spread of technology has caused an increased focus to be put on designing packages that can protect goods shipped globally. This requires a wide‐ranging understanding of the distribution environments on a global basis. Several past studies have mapped the vibration levels for surface transportation along the most popular shipment routes in countries such as Brazil, Canada, China, India and the USA. This study was conducted to provide a comprehensive understanding of the vibration levels observed for truck and rail shipments for major transportation routes in Thailand, one of the leading economies in the Southeast Asia region. Data recorders were used to collect the vibration data which were then analysed in terms of power spectral densities. Vibration levels observed from various segments of transportation are presented in the form of power density spectrums. Composite spectrums that can be used to simulate the measured vibration conditions in Thailand are presented. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.