bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Graphene‐Enhanced UV‐C LEDs
Authors: Meier Johanna , Zhang Hehe , Kaya Umut , Mertin Wolfgang , Bacher Gerd 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLight‐emitting diodes in the UV‐C spectral range (UV‐C LEDs) can potentially replace bulky and toxic mercury lamps in a wide range of applications including sterilization and water purification. Several obstacles still limit the efficiencies of UV‐C LEDs. Devices in flip‐chip geometry suffer from a huge difference in the work functions between the p‐AlGaN and high‐reflective Al mirrors, whereas the absence of UV‐C transparent current spreading layers limits the development of UV‐C LEDs in standard geometry. Here it is demonstrated that transfer‐free graphene implemented directly onto the p‐AlGaN top layer by a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition approach enables highly efficient 275 nm UV‐C LEDs in both, flip‐chip and standard geometry. In flip‐chip geometry, the graphene acts as a contact interlayer between the Al‐mirror and the p‐AlGaN enabling an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 9.5% and a wall‐plug efficiency (WPE) of 5.5% at 8 V. Graphene combined with a ≈1 nm NiOx support layer allows a turn‐on voltage <5 V. In standard geometry graphene acts as a current spreading layer on a length scale up to 1 mm. These top‐emitting devices exhibit a EQE of 2.1% at 8.7 V and a WPE of 1.1%.
An Equalized Flow Velocity Strategy for Perovskite Colloidal Particles in Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Gong Chenxiang , Wang Cong , Meng Xiangchuan , Fan Baojin , Xing Zhi , Shi Siyi , Hu Ting , Huang Zengqi , Hu Xiaotian , Chen Yiwang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe non‐uniform distribution of colloidal particles in perovskite precursor results in an imbalanced response to the shear force during flexible printing process. Herein, it is observed that the continuous disordered migration occurring in perovskite inks significantly contributes to the enlargement of colloidal particles size and diminishes the crystallization activity of the inks. Therefore, a molecular encapsulation architecture by glycerol monostearate to mitigate colloidal particles collisions in the precursor ink, while simultaneously homogenizing the size distribution of perovskite colloids to minimize their diffusion disparities, is devised. The utilization of colloidal particles with a molecular encapsulation structure enables the achievement of uniform deposition during the printing process, thereby effectively balancing the crystallization rate and phase transition in the film and facilitating homogeneous crystallization of perovskite films. The large‐area flexible perovskite device (1.01 cm2 and 100 cm2) fabricated through printing processes, achieves an efficiency of 24.45% and 15.87%, respectively, and manifests superior environmental stability, maintaining an initial efficiency of 91% after being stored in atmospheric ambiences for 150 days (unencapsulated). This work demonstrates that the dynamic evolution process of colloidal particles in both the precursor ink and printing process represents a crucial stride toward achieving uniform crystallization of perovskite films.
Inhibiting Demetalation of Fe─N─C via Mn Sites for Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Zinc‐Air Batteries
Authors: Hu Chuan , Xing Gengyu , Han Wentao , Hao Yixin , Zhang Chenchen , Zhang Ying , Kuo Chun‐Han , Chen Han‐Yi , Hu Feng , Li Linlin , Peng Shengjie 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDemetalation caused by the electrochemical dissolution of metallic Fe atoms is a major challenge for the practical application of Fe─N─C catalysts. Herein, an efficient single metallic Mn active site is constructed to improve the strength of the Fe─N bond, inhibiting the demetalation effect of Fe─N─C. Mn acts as an electron donor inducing more delocalized electrons to reduce the oxidation state of Fe by increasing the electron density, thereby enhancing the Fe─N bond and inhibiting the electrochemical dissolution of Fe. The oxygen reduction reaction pathway for the dissociation of Fe─Mn dual sites can overcome the high energy barriers to direct O─O bond dissociation and modulate the electronic states of Fe─N4 sites. The resulting FeMn─N─C exhibits excellent ORR activity with a high half‐wave potential of 0.92 V in alkaline electrolytes. FeMn─N─C as a cathode catalyst for Zn‐air batteries has a cycle stability of 700 h at 25 °C and a long cycle stability of more than 210 h under extremely cold conditions at −40 °C. These findings contribute to the development of efficient and stable metal‐nitrogen‐carbon catalysts for various energy devices.
Enhancing Capacitance of Carbon Cloth Electrodes via Highly Conformal PEDOT Coating Fabricated by the OCVD Method Utilizing SbCl5 Oxidant
Authors: Heydari Gharahcheshmeh Meysam , Chowdhury Kafil 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCarbon cloth shows potential for flexible energy storage electrodes but encounters challenges such as low specific capacitance and limited wettability. This study addresses these limitations by fabricating a highly conformal coating of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) around 3D carbon fibers via the oxidative chemical vapor deposition (oCVD) method, employing antimony pentachloride (SbCl5) as the oxidant. The oCVD stands out as a robust manufacturing technique for fabricating highly conformal conducting polymer films on porous structures, ensuring the preservation of geometric features and the maintenance of active sites for redox reactions. The resulting PEDOT‐coated carbon cloth electrodes exhibit improved pseudocapacitance and specific capacitance compared to their pristine counterparts. Particularly, oCVD PEDOT‐coated carbon cloth fabricated at various deposition temperatures exhibit a substantial 1.5‐ to 2.3‐fold enhancement in specific capacitance compared to pristine carbon cloth. The highest specific capacitance (170.94 F g⁻¹) is attained in the oCVD PEDOT‐coated carbon cloth fabricated at a deposition temperature of 80 °C, representing a 2.3‐fold enhancement over its pristine counterpart. The PEDOT‐coated carbon cloths demonstrate lower charge transfer resistance compared to their pristine counterparts, further confirming their superior electrochemical performance. This investigation highlights oCVD's effectiveness in fabricating highly conformal PEDOT coating on carbon cloth electrodes for electrochemical energy storage devices.
Can Aluminum Impurity from Current Collectors Upgrade Spent Li1‐xCoO2 into a High‐Performing Cathode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries?
Authors: Kong Lingyu , Wang Duo , Zhang Fang , Hu Xianwei , Liu Aimin , Cao Yulong , Shi Zhongning , Abdelkader Amr. M. , Kamali Ali Reza 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe recycling of spent lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) is gaining considerable attention for its potential to address resource scarcity and mitigating environmental pollution. Therefore, the recycling process of spent LIBs should be simple and efficient and minimize the input of raw materials. This work uses residual Al impurities from current collectors combined with high‐temperature Li supplementation to directly repair spent Li1‐xCoO2 cathode into regenerated materials enhanced with Al doping and LiF coating without additional synthesis steps or cost. The regenerated materials demonstrate an enhanced electrochemical performance compared to commercial cathode material. The modified materials exhibit a notable initial discharge capacity of 181 mA h g−1, with a commendable capacity retention of 80.4% after 400 cycles at a 4.5 V cut‐off voltage. The improved electrochemical performance is attributed to the enhanced crystalline and structural stability of the regenerated materials. Furthermore, the superiority of spent materials over commercial materials modification is clarified for the first time through characterizations and theoretical calculations due to their degraded crystalline structure and abundant Li vacancies. This up‐cycling strategy not only contributes to sustainable waste management of spent LIBs but also provides a potential “shortcut” for advancing next‐generation high‐performance batteries.
Over 60 h of Stable Water‐Operation for N‐Type Organic Electrochemical Transistors with Fast Response and Ambipolarity
Authors: Pan Tao , Jiang Xinnian , van Doremaele Eveline R. W. , Li Junyu , van der Pol Tom P. A. , Yan Chenshuai , Ye Gang , Liu Jian , Hong Wenjing , Chiechi Ryan C. , de Burgt Yoeri van , Zhang Yanxi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOrganic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are of great interest in low‐power bioelectronics and neuromorphic computing, as they utilize organic mixed ionic‐electronic conductors (OMIECs) to transduce ionic signals into electrical signals. However, the poor environmental stability of OMIEC materials significantly restricts the practical application of OECTs. Therefore, the non‐fused planar naphthalenediimide (NDI)‐dialkoxybithiazole (2Tz) copolymers are fine‐tuned through varying ethylene glycol (EG) side chain lengths from tri(ethylene glycol) to hexa(ethylene glycol) (namely P‐XO, X = 3–6) to achieve OECTs with high‐stability and low threshold voltage. As a result, the NDI‐2Tz copolymers exhibit ambipolarity, rapid response (<10 ms), and ultra‐high n‐type stability. Notably, the P‐6O copolymers display a threshold voltage as low as 0.27 V. They can operate in n‐type mode in an aqueous solution for over 60 h, maintaining an on‐off ratio of over 105. This work sheds light on the design of exceptional n‐type/ambipolar materials for OECTs. It demonstrates the potential of incorporating these ambipolar polymers into water‐operational integrated circuits for long‐term biosensing systems and energy‐efficient brain‐inspired computing.
Visualizing the Structure‐Property Nexus of Wide‐Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells under Thermal Stress
Authors: Ding Degong , Yao Yuxin , Hang Pengjie , Kan Chenxia , Lv Xiang , Ma Xiaoming , Li Biao , Jin Chuanhong , Yang Deren , Yu Xuegong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWide‐bandgap perovskite solar cells (PSCs) toward tandem photovoltaic applications are confronted with the challenge of device thermal stability, which motivates to figure out a thorough cognition of wide‐bandgap PSCs under thermal stress, using in situ atomic‐resolved transmission electron microscopy (TEM) tools combing with photovoltaic performance characterizations of these devices. The in situ dynamic process of morphology‐dependent defects formation at initial thermal stage and their proliferations in perovskites as the temperature increased are captured. Meanwhile, considerable iodine enables to diffuse into the hole‐transport‐layer along the damaged perovskite surface, which significantly degrade device performance and stability. With more intense thermal treatment, atomistic phase transition reveals the perovskite transform to PbI2 along the topo‐coherent interface of PbI2/perovskite. In conjunction with density functional theory calculations, a mutual inducement mechanism of perovskite surface damage and iodide diffusion is proposed to account for the structure‐property nexus of wide‐bandgap PSCs under thermal stress. The entire interpretation also guided to develop a thermal‐stable monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell.
A Plasmonic Optoelectronic Resistive Random‐Access Memory for In‐Sensor Color Image Cryptography
Authors: Yang Quan , Kang Yu , Zhang Cheng , Chen Haohan , Zhang Tianjiao , Bian Zheng , Su Xiangwei , Xu Wei , Sun Jiabao , Wang Pan , Xu Yang , Yu Bin , Zhao Yuda 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe optoelectronic resistive random‐access memory (RRAM) with the integrated function of perception, storage and intrinsic randomness displays promising applications in the hardware level in‐sensor image cryptography. In this work, 2D hexagonal boron nitride based optoelectronic RRAM is fabricated with semitransparent noble metal (Ag or Au) as top electrodes, which can simultaneous capture color image and generate physically unclonable function (PUF) key for in‐sensor color image cryptography. Surface plasmons of noble metals enable the strong light absorption to realize an efficient modulation of filament growth at nanoscale. Resistive switching curves show that the optical stimuli can impede the filament aggregation and promote the filament annihilation, which originates from photothermal effects and photogenerated hot electrons in localized surface plasmon resonance of noble metals. By selecting noble metals, the optoelectronic RRAM array can respond to distinct wavelengths and mimic the biological dichromatic cone cells to perform the color perception. Due to the intrinsic and high‐quality randomness, the optoelectronic RRAM can produce a PUF key in every exposure cycle, which can be applied in the reconfigurable cryptography. The findings demonstrate an effective strategy to build optoelectronic RRAM for in‐sensor color image cryptography applications.
Longitudinal trajectories of Alzheimer's disease CSF biomarkers and blood pressure in cognitively healthy subjects
Authors: Biskaduros Adrienne , Glodzik Lidia , Saint Louis Leslie A. , Rusinek Henry , Pirraglia Elizabeth , Osorio Ricardo , Butler Tracy , Li Yi , Xi Ke , Tanzi Emily , Harvey Patrick , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , de Leon Mony J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe examined whether hypertension (HTN) was associated with Alzheimer's disease‐related biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and how changes in blood pressure (BP) related to changes in CSF biomarkers over time.METHODSA longitudinal observation of cognitively healthy normotensive subjects (n = 134, BP < 140/90, with no antihypertensive medication), controlled HTN (n = 36, BP < 140/90, taking antihypertensive medication), and 35 subjects with uncontrolled HTN (BP ≥ 140/90). The follow‐up range was 0.5to15.6 years.RESULTSTotal tau (T‐tau) and phospho‐tau181 (P‐tau 181) increased in all but controlled HTN subjects (group×time interaction: p < 0.05 for both), but no significant Aβ42 changes were seen. Significant BP reduction was observed in uncontrolled HTN, and it was related to increase in T‐tau (p = 0.001) and P‐tau 181 (p < 0.001).DISCUSSIONLongitudinal increases in T‐tau and P‐tau 181 were observed in most subjects; however, only uncontrolled HTN had both markers increase alongside BP reductions. We speculate cumulative vascular injury renders the brain susceptible to relative hypoperfusion with BP reduction.Highlights
Over the course of the study, participants with uncontrolled HTN at baseline showed greater accumulation of CSF total tau and phospho‐tau181 (P‐tau 181) than subjects with normal BP or with controlled HTN.
In the group with uncontrolled HTN, increases in total tau and P‐tau 181 coincided with reduction in BP.
We believe this highlights the role of HTN in vascular injury and suggests decline in cerebral perfusion resulting in increased biomarker concentrations in CSF.
Medication use was the main factor differentiating controlled from uncontrolled HTN, indicating that earlier treatment was beneficial for preventing accumulations of pathology.
Post‐GWAS multiomic functional investigation of the TNIP1 locus in Alzheimer's disease highlights a potential role for GPX3
Authors: Panyard Daniel J. , Reus Lianne M. , Ali Muhammad , Liu Jihua , Deming Yuetiva K. , Lu Qiongshi , Kollmorgen Gwendlyn , Carboni Margherita , Wild Norbert , Visser Pieter J. , Bertram Lars , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Gobom Johan , Western Dan , Sung Yun Ju , Carlsson Cynthia M. , Johnson Sterling C. , Asthana Sanjay , Cruchaga Carlos , Tijms Betty M. , Engelman Corinne D. , Snyder Michael P. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONRecent genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have reported a genetic association with Alzheimer's disease (AD) at the TNIP1/GPX3 locus, but the mechanism is unclear.METHODSWe used cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteomics data to test (n = 137) and replicate (n = 446) the association of glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3) with CSF biomarkers (including amyloid and tau) and the GWAS‐implicated variants (rs34294852 and rs871269).RESULTSCSF GPX3 levels decreased with amyloid and tau positivity (analysis of variance P = 1.5 × 10−5) and higher CSF phosphorylated tau (p‐tau) levels (P = 9.28 × 10−7). The rs34294852 minor allele was associated with decreased GPX3 (P = 0.041). The replication cohort found associations of GPX3 with amyloid and tau positivity (P = 2.56 × 10−6) and CSF p‐tau levels (P = 4.38 × 10−9).DISCUSSIONThese results suggest variants in the TNIP1 locus may affect the oxidative stress response in AD via altered GPX3 levels.Highlights
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3) levels decreased with amyloid and tau positivity and higher CSF phosphorylated tau.
The minor allele of rs34294852 was associated with lower CSF GPX3. levels when also controlling for amyloid and tau category.
GPX3 transcript levels in the prefrontal cortex were lower in Alzheimer's disease than controls.
rs34294852 is an expression quantitative trait locus for GPX3 in blood, neutrophils, and microglia.
SADNet: Generating immersive virtual reality avatars by real‐time monocular pose estimation
Authors: Jiang Ling , Xiong Yuan , Wang Qianqian , Chen Tong , Wu Wei , Zhou Zhong 
Published: May 2024

SummaryGenerating immersive virtual reality avatars is a challenging task in VR/AR applications, which maps physical human body poses to avatars in virtual scenes for an immersive user experience. However, most existing work is time‐consuming and limited by datasets, which does not satisfy immersive and real‐time requirements of VR systems. In this paper, we aim to generate 3D real‐time virtual reality avatars based on a monocular camera to solve these problems. Specifically, we first design a self‐attention distillation network (SADNet) for effective human pose estimation, which is guided by a pre‐trained teacher. Secondly, we propose a lightweight pose mapping method for human avatars that utilizes the camera model to map 2D poses to 3D avatar keypoints, generating real‐time human avatars with pose consistency. Finally, we integrate our framework into a VR system, displaying generated 3D pose‐driven avatars on Helmet‐Mounted Display devices for an immersive user experience. We evaluate SADNet on two publicly available datasets. Experimental results show that SADNet achieves a state‐of‐the‐art trade‐off between speed and accuracy. In addition, we conducted a user experience study on the performance and immersion of virtual reality avatars. Results show that pose‐driven 3D human avatars generated by our method are smooth and attractive.
Direct Catalytic Conversion of Carbon Dioxide to Liquid Hydrocarbons over Cobalt Catalyst Supported on Lanthanum(III) Ion‐Doped Cerium(IV) Oxide
Authors: Tashiro Keigo , Konno Hikaru , Yanagita Akihide , Mikami Shunta , Shimoda Shuhei , Taira Erika , Rivera Rocabado David S. , Shimizu Ken‐ichi , Ishimoto Takayoshi , Satokawa Shigeo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDirect CO2 conversion to liquid hydrocarbons (HCs) in a single process was achieved using cobalt (Co) catalysts supported on lanthanum ion (La3+)‐doped cerium oxide (CeO2) under a gas stream of H2/CO2/N2=3/1/1. The yield of liquid HCs was the highest for 30 mol% of La3+‐doped CeO2, which was because extrinsic oxygen vacancy formed by doping La3+ could act as an effective reaction site for reverse water gas shift reaction. However, the excess La3+ addition afforded surface covering lanthanum carbonates, resulting in depression of the catalytic performance. On the other hand, bare CeO2 lead to an increase in the selectivity of undesirable methane, which arose from reduction of CO2 to CO proceeding by intrinsic oxygen vacancy generated by only Ce3+, and weaker CO2 capture ability of intrinsic oxygen vacancy than extrinsic one, resulting in the proceeding of Sabatier reaction on Co catalyst. The rational design of reaction sites presented in this study will contribute to sustainability.
Multi‐lingual encryption technique using Unicode and Riemann zeta function and elliptic curve cryptography for secured routing in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Yesodha K. , Viswanathan S. , Krishnamurthy M. , Kannan A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSecure routing and communication with confidentiality based on encryption of texts in multiple natural languages are challenging issues in wireless sensor networks which are widely used in recent applications. The existing works on Elliptic Curve Cryptography based secured routing algorithms are focused only on the encryption and decryption of single language text encrypted over a Prime finite field. In this article, a new algorithm called Multi‐Language ECC encrypted Secure Routing algorithm with trust management is proposed, in order to ensure confidentiality and integrity which focuses on the encryption of plain text using Riemann's zeta function and Elliptic Curve Cryptography for improving the key strength which is applied for encryption over a range of multi languages namely Tamil, English, Hindi French and German which are supported by Unicode and routing the text security. From the experiments conducted using the proposed multi‐lingual encryption algorithm with network routing, we prove that the suggested method provides greater security than the current secure routing algorithms due to the use of Zeta function and Gamma function with ECC key and trust management. but also boasts reduced complexity compared to other existing multi‐lingual encryption algorithms.
Green entrepreneurship orientation and environmental, social, and governance performance: Do contractual strategic alliances matter?
Authors: Wang Siying , Hu Haiqing , Wang Xianzhu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe driving forces that enable firms to achieve better environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance have been a popular topic in academia. However, in the context of increasing numbers of entrepreneurial teams engaging in green entrepreneurship, whether a green entrepreneurial orientation (GEO) enhances ESG performance from an overall strategic orientation is still unclear. If so, what are the mechanisms by which a GEO influences ESG performance? To determine the potential relationship and influencing mechanism between a GEO and ESG performance, we use Chinese listed firms from 2009 to 2022 as our research sample and fixed effects and difference‐in‐difference models to explore how a GEO affects ESG performance. The results show that a GEO significantly and positively affects ESG performance, especially for nonstate‐owned enterprises (nonSOEs), firms with high digital transformation, and firms in the manufacturing industry. Further research shows that participation in contractual strategic alliances (SAs) can strengthen the effect of a GEO on ESG performance. Moreover, we find that a GEO can efficiently encourage firms to engage in contractual SAs, that the link between the two is moderated by financial constraints (FCs) in an inverse‐U manner, and that this relationship is evident only for nonSOEs. In conclusion, our study provides a nuanced understanding of how a GEO, contractual SAs, and FCs collectively shape corporate ESG activities and elucidates their far‐reaching implications for enhancing ESG performance. Our empirical findings also have practical implications for firms seeking to improve their ESG performance.