bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Val Biandino Intrusive Suite (central Southern Alps, N Italy): new geochronological and geochemical data on the Early Permian magmatic activity in the Southalpine Domain
Authors: Zanchetta Stefano , Crippa Chiara , Zanchi Andrea , Montemagni Chiara 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Early Permian in the present-day Europe area was a time when a major tectonic shift occurred, leading from the tectonic collapse of the Variscan orogeny to the crustal extension and thinning that characterized the Early Permian times. Crustal extension was associated with extensive magmatism at different crustal levels: from gabbro in the lower crust or at the mantle/crust transition to subaerial high-SiO2 volcanic activity. In the whole Southalpine Domain, the Early Permian intrusive bodies occur from the west (e.g. Ivrea-Verbano Complex and “Graniti dei Laghi”) to the east (Ifinger, Brixen and Cima d’Asta intrusive complexes). Among these, in the central Southern Alps (comprised between the Giudicarie Belt and the Lake Como), minor intrusive complexes also occur. The Val Biandino Intrusive Suite consists of two magmatic units: the Val Biandino Quartz-Diorite (VBQD) and the Valle di San Biagio Granite (VSBG). The first of them consists of gabbro-diorite to granodiorite bodies associated with leucocratic cordierite-bearing granitic dikes that intruded the pre-Permian basement. To the west, a W-dipping normal fault of Permian age represents the boundary between this unit and the Valle di San Biagio porphyric granite. All rock varieties of the Val Biandino Intrusive Suite display a high-K calc-alkaline affinity with metaluminous to peraluminous character. Field crosscutting relationships point to a late generation of the cordierite granites of the Val Biandino Quartz-Diorite unit with respect to the more mafic types. SHRIMP U–Pb zircon dating provided an age of 285.2 ± 1.9 Ma for a cordierite granite of the Val Biandino Quartz-Diorite unit and 283.2 ± 1.9 Ma for the porphyric Valle di San Biagio Granite. Geochemical data suggest that gabbro-diorite, quartz-diorite, granodiorite and leucogranite are not co-magmatic. The existing gaps in term of SiO2 wt% and the higher HREE contents in mafic and intermediate rocks with respect to granite coupled with similar LREE in all rocks support this hypothesis. The high Rb/Sr ratios (> 1) in leucogranite, together with the occurrence of white mica and cordierite point to a significant contribution of crustal partial melting in their genesis. The Val Biandino Intrusive Suite was likely formed through the interaction of magma genesis at the mantle/crust transition and partial melting of the heterogeneous pre-Permian basement of the Southalpine Domain. This scenario explains the strong heterogeneity displayed by the relatively small intrusive complex and the strong crustal signature exhibited by all the magmatic types of the Val Biandino Intrusive Suite.
The role of mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy in skeletal muscle atrophy: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic insights
Authors: Lei Yuhang , Gan Mailin , Qiu Yanhao , Chen Qiuyang , Wang Xingyu , Liao Tianci , Zhao Mengying , Chen Lei , Zhang Shunhua , Zhao Ye , Niu Lili , Wang Yan , Zhu Li , Shen Linyuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSkeletal muscle is the largest metabolic organ of the human body. Maintaining the best quality control and functional integrity of mitochondria is essential for the health of skeletal muscle. However, mitochondrial dysfunction characterized by mitochondrial dynamic imbalance and mitophagy disruption can lead to varying degrees of muscle atrophy, but the underlying mechanism of action is still unclear. Although mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy are two different mitochondrial quality control mechanisms, a large amount of evidence has indicated that they are interrelated and mutually regulated. The former maintains the balance of the mitochondrial network, eliminates damaged or aged mitochondria, and enables cells to survive normally. The latter degrades damaged or aged mitochondria through the lysosomal pathway, ensuring cellular functional health and metabolic homeostasis. Skeletal muscle atrophy is considered an urgent global health issue. Understanding and gaining knowledge about muscle atrophy caused by mitochondrial dysfunction, particularly focusing on mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial autophagy, can greatly contribute to the prevention and treatment of muscle atrophy. In this review, we critically summarize the recent research progress on mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy in skeletal muscle atrophy, and expound on the intrinsic molecular mechanism of skeletal muscle atrophy caused by mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy. Importantly, we emphasize the potential of targeting mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy as therapeutic strategies for the prevention and treatment of muscle atrophy, including pharmacological treatment and exercise therapy, and summarize effective methods for the treatment of skeletal muscle atrophy.
Associations between maternal blood metal concentrations during the first trimester and spontaneous preterm birth: a nested case-control study
Authors: Wu Zhengqin , Cao Hua , Wang Xinrui , Miao Chong , Li Haibo , Sun Bin , Gao Haiyan , Liu Wenjuan , Li Wei , Zhu Yibing 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Few studies have utilized whole blood samples to investigate the association between metal mixture exposure during early pregnancy and spontaneous preterm birth (SPB). We conduct this nested case–control study to investigate both the independent and joint effect of each metal, and identify critical metals in the metal mixture.

Results
A total of 120 pregnant women with SPB and 120 pregnant women with full-term delivery were selected from the prospective birth cohort. We measured 14 metal concentrations in maternal blood collected during 10–13 weeks gestation. Conditional logistic regression showed that high concentrations of vanadium (V), magnesium, and copper were positively associated with SPB (Adjusted OR = 5.76 (95% CI 2.46–13.53), 3.64 (95% CI 1.64–8.09), 2.88 (95% CI 1.29–6.41), respectively). Moderate manganese (Mn) concentration (50th–75th percentile) group had the lowest estimated OR (Adjusted OR = 0.32 (95% CI 0.13–0.76)). The high level of strontium (Sr) was negatively associated with SPB (Adjusted OR = 0.39 (95% CI 0.17–0.91)). The BKMR model showed a significant positive joint effect of metal mixture exposure on SPB, while V was the most important metal. The non-linear effects of V and lead (Pb) on SPB, and the interaction effects between V–Pb, Sr–Mn were also revealed.

Conclusions
Maternal blood metal mixtures in the first trimester were found to be positively associated with SPB, with V exhibiting the strongest independent association. Mn had a potential U-shaped association with SPB. Elimination of metal contamination in the environment has a positive impact on maternal and child health.
Purinergic inhibitory regulation of esophageal smooth muscle is mediated by P2Y receptors and ATP-dependent potassium channels in rats
Authors: Shiina Takahiko , Suzuki Yuji , Horii Kazuhiro , Sawamura Tomoya , Yuki Natsufu , Horii Yuuki , Shimizu Yasutake 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurines such as ATP are regulatory transmitters in motility of the gastrointestinal tract. The aims of this study were to propose functional roles of purinergic regulation of esophageal motility. An isolated segment of the rat esophagus was placed in an organ bath, and mechanical responses were recorded using a force transducer. Exogenous application of ATP (10–100 μM) evoked relaxation of the esophageal smooth muscle in a longitudinal direction under the condition of carbachol (1 μM) -induced precontraction. Pretreatment with a non-selective P2 receptor antagonist, suramin (500 μM), and a P2Y receptor antagonist, cibacron blue F3GA (200 μM), inhibited the ATP (100 μM) -induced relaxation, but a P2X receptor antagonist, pyridoxal phosphate-6-azophenyl-2,4-disulfonic acid (50 μM), did not affect it. A blocker of ATP-dependent potassium channels (KATP channels), glibenclamide (200 μM), inhibited the ATP-induced relaxation and application of an opener of KATP channels, nicorandil (50 μM), produced relaxation. The findings suggest that ATP is involved in inhibitory regulation of the longitudinal smooth muscle in the muscularis mucosae of the rat esophagus via activation of P2Y receptors and then opening of KATP channels.
Mir-195-5p targets Smad7 regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway to promote osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Lin Wei , Hou Lianglei , Tang Jialyu , Huang Anwu , Jia Zhuyin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this study, we sought to investigate the mechanisms of action of miR-195-5p in the osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and thereby provide novel insights and a reference for the targeted therapy of arterial media calcification. VSMC differentiation was induced using sodium β-glycerophosphate, and we investigated the effects of transfecting cells with miR-195-5p mimics, vectors overexpressing Smad7, and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor (KYA1797K) on VSMC differentiation by determining cell viability and apoptosis, and the mRNA and protein expression of factors associated with osteogenic differentiation and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The results revealed that miR-195-5p mimics enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of VSMCs induced by β-glycerophosphate, whereas the overexpression of Smad7 reversed this phenomenon. In addition, KYA1797K was found to promote the effects of Smad7 overexpression. In conclusion, by targeting, Smad7, miR-195-5p promotes the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. and thus the osteogenic differentiation of VSMCs. These findings will provide a reference for elucidating the mechanisms whereby miR-195-5p regulates osteogenic differentiation.
Imaging segmentation mechanism for rectal tumors using improved U-Net
Authors: Zhang Kenan , Yang Xiaotang , Cui Yanfen , Zhao Jumin , Li Dengao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective
In radiation therapy, cancerous region segmentation in magnetic resonance images (MRI) is a critical step. For rectal cancer, the automatic segmentation of rectal tumors from an MRI is a great challenge. There are two main shortcomings in existing deep learning-based methods that lead to incorrect segmentation: 1) there are many organs surrounding the rectum, and the shape of some organs is similar to that of rectal tumors; 2) high-level features extracted by conventional neural networks often do not contain enough high-resolution information. Therefore, an improved U-Net segmentation network based on attention mechanisms is proposed to replace the traditional U-Net network.

Methods
The overall framework of the proposed method is based on traditional U-Net. A ResNeSt module was added to extract the overall features, and a shape module was added after the encoder layer. We then combined the outputs of the shape module and the decoder to obtain the results. Moreover, the model used different types of attention mechanisms, so that the network learned information to improve segmentation accuracy.

Results
We validated the effectiveness of the proposed method using 3773 2D MRI datasets from 304 patients. The results showed that the proposed method achieved 0.987, 0.946, 0.897, and 0.899 for Dice, MPA, MioU, and FWIoU, respectively; these values are significantly better than those of other existing methods.

Conclusion
Due to time savings, the proposed method can help radiologists segment rectal tumors effectively and enable them to focus on patients whose cancerous regions are difficult for the network to segment.

Significance
The proposed method can help doctors segment rectal tumors, thereby ensuring good diagnostic quality and accuracy.
The anxiety response of patients with severe psychiatric disorders to the recent public health crisis
Authors: Khalkhali Mohammadrasoul , Zarvandi Parsa , Mohammadpour Mehrshad , Alavi Seyed Mohsen Kheirkhah , Khalkhali Parnian , Farrahi Hassan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The devastating health, economic, and social consequences of COVID-19 may harm the already vulnerable groups, particularly people with severe psychiatric disorders (SPDs). The present study was conducted to investigate the anxiety response of patients with SPDs during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
A total of 351 patients with SPDs [Schizophrenia Spectrum (SSD), Bipolar (BD), Major Depressive (MDD), and Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD) Disorders] and healthy controls in Guilan province, Iran, throughout 2021–2022 were included in this cross-sectional analytical study. The anxiety response consisted of four concepts: COVID-19-related anxiety, general health anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, and safety behaviors. We conducted an unstructured interview and provided sociodemographic and clinical information. Also, the participants were asked to complete four self-report measures of the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale, the Anxiety Sensitivity Index–Revised, the Short Health Anxiety Inventory, and the Checklist of Safety Behaviors.

Results
Analysis of variance showed a significant difference between the groups of patients with SPDs and the control group in COVID-19-related anxiety (F = 6.92, p = 0.0001), health anxiety (F = 6.21, p = 0.0001), and safety behaviors (F = 2.52, p = 0.41). No significant difference was observed between them in anxiety sensitivity (F = 1.77, p = 0.134). The Games-Howell test showed that the control group obtained a higher mean than the groups of people with BD (p < 0.0001), SSD (p = 0.033), and OCD (p = 0.003) disorders in COVID-19-related anxiety. The patients with MDD (p = 0.014) and OCD (p = 0.01) had a higher mean score than the control group in health anxiety. Tukey’s test showed that the mean of safety behaviors of the control group was significantly higher than the OCD group (p = 0.21). No significant difference was found between the groups of patients with MDD, BD, SSD, and OCD in terms of COVID-19-related anxiety, health anxiety, and safety behaviors.

Conclusion
Anxiety response to health crisis is different in groups with SPDs and control group. The findings of this study suggest that although health anxiety is present in many of these patients during the pandemic, their anxiety response to the health crisis may be less than expected. There can be various explanations, such as pre-existing symptoms, low health literacy, and possible co-occurring cognitive impairment. The results of this study have many practical and policy implications in meeting the treatment needs of this group of patients during public health crises and indicate that their needs may not be compatible with the expectations and estimates that health professionals and policymakers already have.
Obstructive sleep apnea and mental disorders: a bidirectional mendelian randomization study
Authors: Liu Heming , Wang Xuemei , Feng Hu , Zhou Shengze , Pan Jinhua , Ouyang Changping , Hu Xiaobin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have reported associations between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and several mental disorders. However, further research is required to determine whether these associations are causal. Therefore, we evaluated the bidirectional causality between the genetic liability for OSA and nine mental disorders by using Mendelian randomization (MR).

Method
We performed two-sample bidirectional MR of genetic variants for OSA and nine mental disorders. Summary statistics on OSA and the nine mental disorders were extracted from the FinnGen study and the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. The primary analytical approach for estimating causal effects was the inverse-variance weighted (IVW), with the weighted median and MR Egger as complementary methods. The MR Egger intercept test, Cochran’s Q test, Rucker’s Q test, and the MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) test were used for sensitivity analyses.

Result
MR analyses showed that genetic liability for major depressive disorder (MDD) was associated with an increased risk of OSA (odds ratio [OR] per unit increase in the risk of MDD, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.11–1.49; P < 0.001). In addition, genetic liability for OSA may be associated with an increased risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (OR = 1.26; 95% CI, 1.02–1.56; p = 0.032). There was no evidence that OSA is associated with other mental disorders.

Conclusion
Our study indicated that genetic liability for MDD is associated with an increased risk of OSA without a bidirectional relationship. Additionally, there was suggestive evidence that genetic liability for OSA may have a causal effect on ADHD. These findings have implications for prevention and intervention strategies targeting OSA and ADHD. Further research is needed to investigate the biological mechanisms underlying our findings and the relationship between OSA and other mental disorders.
Relationship between self-reported hearing and vision problems, cognitive decline, depressive symptoms, and life satisfaction in older adults: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Chen Yuan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Sensory impairment in older adults is associated with cognitive decline, elevated depressive symptoms, and low levels of life satisfaction. However, these relationships are usually investigated separately and in pairs. This study examined these relationships comprehensively, for the first time.

Methods
The analysis included 5,658 community-dwelling older adults from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (aged 50 to 108 years, 52.1% male) who completed the Jorm Informant Questionnaire Cognitive Decline in the Elderly and the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression-short form. A questionnaire was used to collect information on hearing, visual status, and life satisfaction. Structural equation modelling was used to examine the direct and indirect relationships between these variables.

Results
Self-reported hearing and vision problems are directly associated with cognitive decline and elevated depressive symptoms. In addition, hearing and vision problems are indirectly related to cognitive decline through elevated depressive symptoms. Although hearing and vision problems had no direct effect on life satisfaction, they were indirectly associated with life satisfaction through cognitive decline and depressive symptoms.

Conclusions
This study provides the first epidemiological evidence of the comprehensive relationships between hearing and vision problems, cognitive decline, depressive symptoms, and life satisfaction. When older adults report hearing and/or vision problems, clinicians and caregivers should be aware of the concurrence of declined cognition, elevated depressive symptoms, and compensated life satisfaction. Future studies should examine the causal relationships and potential mechanisms of these relationships.
Intraluminal extension of papillary thyroid carcinoma into the Internal Jugular Vein; a case report
Authors: Jafari Firouze , Akerdi Ali Taheri , Fard Hossein Abdolrahimzadeh , karajizadeh Mehrdad , Paydar Shahram 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), being the most common thyroid malignancy, is a slow-growing tumor and is usually limited to the thyroid. Extra thyroid extension is uncommon; besides, invasion to the vasculature seems to be extremely rare and usually indicates aggressive nature of the disease.

Case presentation
We present a case of a 40-year-old lady who referred with a palpable neck mass a month after total thyroidectomy which its histopathologic examination revealed follicular variant of PTC; the same variant as prior thyroidectomy. Preoperative ultrasonography failed to comment on the intravascular component of the mass. Surgical procedure confirmed a mass attaching and infiltrating to the internal jugular vein, which turned out to be persistent disease.

Conclusions
Awareness of this entity is important for surgeons, oncologists and radiologist as it can influence patient management.
Relationship between workplace spirituality with organization-based self-esteem and workplace deviant behaviors among Iranian nurses
Authors: Moez Behzad Sirousi , Sadeghi Amir , Tapak Leili , Purfarzad Zahra 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite the numerous studies conducted on workplace spirituality, there is still lack of studies that have explored the relationship between workplace spirituality with organization-based self-esteem and workplace deviant behaviors. This study aims to examine the relationship between workplace spirituality with organization-based self-esteem and workplace deviant behaviors among Iranian nurses.

Methods
236 nurses from 5 hospitals participated in this descriptive, analytical, and cross-sectional study from August to December 2022. Data was gathered by four questionnaires: demographic information, workplace spirituality, organization-based self-steam, and workplace deviant behaviors. The data were analyzed by SPSS 26 based on descriptive and inferential statistics (Independent Two-sample t Test, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression).

Results
Based on the findings, nurses had a moderate level of perception of workplace spirituality and organization-based self-esteem while having a low level of perception regarding the occurrence of workplace deviate behaviors. Results of Pearson correlation coefficient test showed a positive and statistically significant relationship between workplace spirituality and organization-based self-esteem. Additionally, there was an inverse and significant relationship between workplace spirituality and organization-based self-esteem with workplace deviant behaviors. Results of multiple regression analyses indicate that by controlling the demographic characteristics of nurses, the meaningful work and sense of community have a significant relationship with organization-based self-esteem. Furthermore, by controlling the demographic characteristics of nurses, permanent employment status, sense of community, alignment with the organization’s values, and organization-based self-esteem have a significant relationship with workplace deviant behavior.

Conclusions
The study suggests that organizations must prioritize promoting workplace spirituality and organization-based self-esteem to ensure a healthy work environment and prevent workplace deviant behaviors.