bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential Production of Macrophage Inflammatory Protein‐1α, Stromal‐Derived Factor‐1, and IL‐6 by Human Cultured Periodontal Ligament and Gingival Fibroblasts Challenged With Lipopolysaccharide From P. gingivalis
Authors: Morandini Ana Carolina F. , Sipert Carla Renata , Gasparoto Thaís Helena , Greghi Sebastião Luiz A. , Passanezi Euloir , Rezende Maria Lucia R. , Sant'ana Adriana P. , Campanelli Ana Paula , Garlet Gustavo P. , Santos Carlos F. 
Published: February 2010

Background: Fibroblasts are considered important cells in periodontitis. When challenged by different agents, they respond through the release of cytokines that participate in the inflammatory process. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the expression and production of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)‐1α, stromal‐derived factor (SDF)‐1, and interleukin (IL)‐6 by human cultured periodontal ligament and gingival fibroblasts challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Porphyromonas gingivalis.Methods: Fibroblasts were cultured from biopsies of gingival tissue and periodontal ligament of the same donors and used on the fourth passage. After confluence in 24‐well plates, the culture medium alone (control) or with 0.1 to 10 μg/ml of LPS from P. gingivalis was added to the wells, and after 1, 6, and 24 hours, the supernatant and the cells were collected and analyzed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and real‐time polymerase chain reaction, respectively.Results: MIP‐1α, SDF‐1, and IL‐6 protein production was significantly greater in gingival fibroblasts compared to periodontal ligament fibroblasts. IL‐6 was upregulated in a time‐dependent manner, mainly in gingival fibroblasts (P <0.05), which secreted more MIP‐1α in the lowest concentration of LPS used (0.1 μg/ml). In contrast, a basal production of SDF‐1 that was inhibited with the increase of LPS concentration was detected, especially after 24 hours (P <0.05).Conclusion: The distinct ability of the gingival and periodontal ligament fibroblasts to secrete MIP‐1α, SDF‐1, and IL‐6 emphasizes that these cells may differently contribute to the balance of cytokines in the LPS‐challenged periodontium.
Chemokine Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein‐3 in Progressive Periodontal Lesions in Patients With Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Dezerega Andrea , Pozo Patricia , Hernández Marcela , Oyarzún Alejandro , Rivera Oriana , Dutzan Nicolás , Gutiérrez‐Fernández Ana , Overall Christopher M. , Garrido Mauricio , Alcota Marcela , Ortiz Emilio , Gamonal Jorge 
Published: February 2010

Background: Chemokines are central in the activation and direction of leukocyte subsets to target tissues. However, the monocyte chemoattractant protein‐3 (MCP‐3) has not been associated with chronic periodontitis. Chronic periodontitis is an infection showing episodic supporting tissue destruction. The aim of this study is to determine the levels and expression of MCP‐3 in periodontal sites characterized by active periodontal connective tissue destruction.Methods: The study population consisted of 15 patients with a progression of periodontitis (15 of 56 patients), 18 patients with chronic periodontitis, and 10 healthy subjects without periodontal disease. As determined by the tolerance method, the 15 patients with moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis showed a progression of periodontitis over a 4‐month period. Periodontitis was characterized by at least six sites with a probing depth ≥5 mm, clinical attachment level ≥3 mm, and radiographic bone loss. Gingival crevicular fluid was collected using a paper strip. The total protein concentration was determined. An enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was performed to determine the total amount of MCP‐3, and an immunoWestern blot was conducted to assess molecular MCP‐3 forms. To determine the MCP‐3 expression by immunohistochemistry, gingival biopsies were obtained from patients with chronic periodontitis and healthy subjects during third‐molar extraction surgery. Statistical analyses were performed using statistical software. Data were expressed as subject means ± SD, using the χ2 and Student t tests.Results: The total amount and concentration of chemokine MCP‐3 were significantly higher in patients with chronic periodontitis than in healthy subjects (8.25 pg versus 0.53 pg, P = 0.006 and 2.95 pg/μl versus 0.45 pg/μl, P = 0.04, respectively). Active sites showed a significantly higher total amount and concentration of MCP‐3 than inactive sites (11.12 versus 2.88 pg, P value = 0.005 and 3.95 versus 1.02, P value = 0.005, respectively). Western blot and immunohistochemical staining confirmed the presence of MCP‐3 in periodontal disease, with observable differences between patients with chronic periodontitis and healthy subjects.Conclusions: MCP‐3 was highly expressed in patients with chronic periodontitis, particularly in those with progressive periodontal lesions. MCP‐3 could be involved in the recruitment of inflammatory cells toward periodontal tissues during the progression of the disease.
Distance Between External Cortical Bone and Mandibular Canal for Harvesting Ramus Graft: A Human Cadaver Study
Authors: Jack‐Min Leong Daylene , Li Jingjing , Moreno Ildefonso , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: February 2010

Background: The aims of this study are to determine the distance of the external surface of the buccal cortical plate to the inferior alveolar canal in the mandibular molar region and to propose a safe thickness for harvesting a mandibular ramus block graft.Methods: Thirty‐four cadavers consisting of 26 dentate jaws and eight jaws in the edentulous molar region were used in this study. All mandibular ramus grafts were harvested by one investigator with the grafts extending from the external oblique ridge (EOR) and 15 mm inferiorly in the apico‐coronal direction and extending from the mid‐buccal aspect of the first molar to the mid‐buccal aspect of the third molar in the mesio‐distal direction. Measurements were made of the cortical bone thickness of the harvested ramus graft and from the cemento‐enamel junction (CEJ) to the EOR, the CEJ to the mandibular border, and the CEJ to the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN).Results: The average buccal cortical plate thickness in dentate mandibles was 2.76 ± 0.13 mm, whereas in edentulous posterior mandibles it was 2.52 ± 0.32 mm. The IANs were exposed in all jaws but were intact.Conclusion: The safe thickness to harvest ramus grafts was determined to be 2.5 to 3.0 mm.
Evaluation of Gingival Crevicular Fluid Adrenomedullin and Human Neutrophil Peptide 1–3 Levels of Patients With Different Periodontal Diseases
Authors: Türkoğlu Oya , Emingil Gülnur , Kütükçüler Necil , Atilla Gül 
Published: February 2010

Background: Antimicrobial peptides participating in the innate host response are important contributors for maintaining the balance between health and disease. The aim of the present study is to investigate the levels of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) adrenomedullin and human neutrophil peptides 1 through 3 (HNP1–3) in patients with different periodontal diseases.Methods: A total of 77 subjects, including 20 patients with chronic periodontitis, 18 patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis, 20 patients with gingivitis, and 19 healthy subjects, were included in the present study. The probing depth, clinical attachment level, plaque index, and papilla bleeding index were assessed in all study subjects. GCF samples were analyzed for evaluating adrenomedullin and HNP1–3 levels by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.Results: The present study demonstrated that the periodontitis groups had a significantly higher total amount of GCF adrenomedullin compared to the gingivitis and healthy control groups after adjusting for age and gender (P <0.05). Additionally, GCF adrenomedullin levels were positively correlated with clinical periodontal parameters of sampling sites (P <0.05). The total amount of GCF HNP1–3 was not different among the study groups, and there was no correlation between the total amount of GCF HNP1–3 and clinical periodontal parameters (P >0.05).Conclusions: Our results suggest a defensive role for adrenomedullin during the host response in periodontal disease. Additionally, the lack of the HNP1–3 antimicrobial peptide might point to the deficiency of one of the protective mechanisms for periodontal tissues.
Progression of Diet-Induced Diabetes in C57BL6J Mice Involves Functional Dissociation of Ca2+ Channels From Secretory Vesicles
Authors: Collins Stephan C. , Hoppa Michael B. , Walker Jonathan N. , Amisten Stefan , Abdulkader Fernando , Bengtsson Martin , Fearnside Jane , Ramracheya Reshma , Toye Ayo A. , Zhang Quan , Clark Anne , Gauguier Dominique , Rorsman Patrik 
Published: February 2010

OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study was to elucidate the cellular mechanism underlying the suppression of glucose-induced insulin secretion in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 15 weeks.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
C57BL6J mice were fed a HFD or a normal diet (ND) for 3 or 15 weeks. Plasma insulin and glucose levels in vivo were assessed by intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test. Insulin secretion in vitro was studied using static incubations and a perfused pancreas preparation. Membrane currents, electrical activity, and exocytosis were examined by patch-clamp technique measurements. Intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) was measured by microfluorimetry. Total internal reflection fluorescence microscope (TIRFM) was used for optical imaging of exocytosis and submembrane depolarization-evoked [Ca2+]i. The functional data were complemented by analyses of histology and gene transcription.

RESULTS
After 15 weeks, but not 3 weeks, mice on HFD exhibited hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia. Pancreatic islet content and β-cell area increased 2- and 1.5-fold, respectively. These changes correlated with a 20–50% reduction of glucose-induced insulin secretion (normalized to insulin content). The latter effect was not associated with impaired electrical activity or [Ca2+]i signaling. Single-cell capacitance and TIRFM measurements of exocytosis revealed a selective suppression (&gt;70%) of exocytosis elicited by short (50 ms) depolarization, whereas the responses to longer depolarizations were (500 ms) less affected. The loss of rapid exocytosis correlated with dispersion of Ca2+ entry in HFD β-cells. No changes in gene transcription of key exocytotic protein were observed.

CONCLUSIONS
HFD results in reduced insulin secretion by causing the functional dissociation of voltage-gated Ca2+ entry from exocytosis. These observations suggest a novel explanation to the well-established link between obesity and diabetes.
Relationships Between Metabolic Syndrome and Other Baseline Factors and the Efficacy of Ezetimibe/Simvastatin and Atorvastatin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Goldberg Ronald B. , Guyton John R. , Mazzone Theodore , Weinstock Ruth S. , Polis Adam B. , Tipping Diane , Tomassini Joanne E. , Tershakovec Andrew M. 
Published: February 2010

OBJECTIVE
To investigate relationships between baseline factors and treatment-associated efficacy changes in type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Multivariable analyses of treatment response in 1,229 type 2 diabetic patients with hypercholesterolemia who received ezetimibe/simvastatin or atorvastatin in a randomized double-blind 6-week study.

RESULTS
Increasing age was related to improvements in all lipid assessments. Men had greater triglyceride and non-HDL cholesterol reductions than women, and black/Hispanic patients had less favorable lipid effects than other races/ethnicities. Increasing baseline LDL cholesterol was associated with improvements in most lipids; higher baseline non-HDL cholesterol with improved HDL cholesterol and triglycerides; higher baseline HDL cholesterol with greater non-HDL cholesterol and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) reductions; and higher baseline hs-CRP with smaller LDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B reductions. Patients with high baseline non-HDL cholesterol or triglycerides less frequently attained LDL cholesterol targets. Obesity was inversely related to HDL cholesterol and hs-CRP changes, and higher baseline A1C to smaller apolipoprotein B reductions. Metabolic syndrome was not a significant predictor.

CONCLUSIONS
Treatment responses in type 2 diabetic patients were related to baseline factors, although treatment effects (ezetimibe/simvastatin being more effective than atorvastatin) remained consistent. The presence of predictive factors should be considered in planning lipid-altering therapy.
Moisture Status of the Skin of the Feet Assessed by the Visual Test Neuropad Correlates With Foot Ulceration in Diabetes
Authors: Tentolouris Nicholas , Voulgari Christina , Liatis Stavros , Kokkinos Alexander , Eleftheriadou Ioanna , Makrilakis Konstantinos , Marinou Kyriakoula , Katsilambros Nicholas 
Published: February 2010

OBJECTIVE
To examine the association between the moisture status of the skin of the feet with foot ulceration in subjects with diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A total of 379 subjects with diabetes were examined. Assessment of peripheral neuropathy was based on neuropathy symptom score, neuropathy disability score, vibration perception threshold, and the 10-g monofilament perception. The moisture status of the skin of the feet was assessed using the visual test Neuropad.

RESULTS
Patients with foot ulceration had more severe peripheral neuropathy and more often an abnormal Neuropad response. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the odds of foot ulceration increased with measures of neuropathy but increased also with an abnormal Neuropad response.

CONCLUSIONS
An abnormal Neuropad response correlates with foot ulceration in subjects with diabetes. This finding, if confirmed prospectively, suggests that the Neuropad test may be included in the screening tests for the prediction of foot ulceration.
Prevalence of Paramphistomum infection in cattle and sheep in Van Province, Turkey
Authors: Ozdal N. , Gul A. , Ilhan F. , Deger S. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
This study was carried out in naturally infected cattle and sheep from May, 2006 to April 2007 in Van province, in the eastern of Turkey, to assess the prevalence of paramphistomosis. The rumen and reticulum of slaughtered cattle and sheep were collected monthly from abattoirs (Van Municipality of Slaughterhouse) to monitor the seasonal occurrence of paramphistomosis. 447 cattle and 948 sheep were examined, out of which 8.95 and 4.43 % were positive for Paramphistomum infection, with the mean intensity ± standard error of mean of 97.55 ± 12.50 and 89.17 ± 13.02, respectively. The highest infection in the cattle and sheep infected with Paramphistomum spp. was found during the autumn (September to November) (14.10 %, 8.33 %) and fallowed by the summer seasons (June to August) (9.02 %, 5.18 %).
Infection of terrestial snails with larvae of Elaphostrongylus cervi (Nematoda, Protostrongylidae) in Białowieża National Park
Authors: Kuligowska I. , Demiaszkiewicz A. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Species composition of intermediate hosts of Elaphostrongylus cervi — terrestrial snails, prevalence and intensity of their infection in natural invasions have been determined. The intermediate hosts of E. cervi are Succinea putris, Bradybena fruticum, Perforatella bidentata and Zonitoides nitidus. From June to August the percentage of snails S. putris infected with E. cervi larvae has been on constant level and in September and October decreased. Snails B. fruticum the highest prevalence of invasion showed on July and later it successively lowered. In the case of P. bidentata prevalence of E. cervi infection was the lowest in August, and than raised up to the highest value in October. For the first time the highest extensiveness of spontaneous infection has been found in P. bidentata. Till now as the most infected species of snail always has been noted S. putris. The highest intensity of infection — 242 larvae was found in B. fruticum, and little lower 73- 202 in S. putris. In two other species intensiveness ranged from 1 to 23 larvae. The most important role in spreading of E. cervi in Białowieża Forest fulfil S. putris and B. fruticum because of their high number in environment and P. bidens because of the highest intensiveness of infection.
Low Cost Electrochemical Sensors for Silver, Chloride, Bromide and Iodide Ions
Authors: Pradhananga Raja Ram , Rajbhandari Nyachhyon Armila 
Published: February 2010

Low cost all solid state pressed pellet Ag+, halides and sulphide sensitive electrodes based on silver sulphide were fabricated. The electrodes have been tested and results compare favorably with commercial electrodes. Pure Ag2S electrode with internal silver metal contact was found to follow Nernstian equation from 1 x 10-1 to 1 x 10-5 M of silver ion with slope equal to 59.8 mV per decade change in concentration of Ag+ - ion. Electrodes fabricated from equimolar mixture of Ag2S and Ag - halide was found to be sensitive to the respective halide and silver ions. Iodide ion selective electrode prepared from a equimolar mixture of Ag2S and AgI was found to be selective to iodide ion with negligible interference from bromide and chloride ions. The potentiometric selectivity coefficient Kpot I,Br, Kpot I,Cl were found to be 1.77x10-2 and 7.94x10-3 respectively. All these electrodes were found to be selective to Ag+ ion with negligible interference with Kpot Ag, Hg equal to 1 x 10-5 Hg++ ion with selectivity coefficient. Keywords: Ion selective electrodes; Potentiometric selectivity coefficient; Silver sulphide. DOI: 10.3126/sw.v6i6.2631 Scientific World, Vol. 6, No. 6, July 2008 33-36
Seasonal Changes in Soil Respiration Of Degraded And Non-Degraded Sites in Oak and Pine Forests of Central Himalaya
Authors: Jina BS , Bohra CPS , Rawat YS , Bhatt MD 
Published: February 2010

Present investigation deals with the seasonal changes in soil respiration of degraded and non-degraded oak and pine forests in Van Panchayat of Kumaun Himalaya. Soil temperature and soil moisture enhances soil respiration by increasing microbial activity and decomposition of organic matter. The rate of soil respiration was higher in non-degraded site of oak forest in Dhaili VP (63.9±1.6 to 363.6±5.3 mg CO2 m-2h-1), non-degraded site of pine forest (39.1±0.9 to 195.41.6 mg CO2 m-2h-1) in Guna VP, and lower in degraded pine forest in Toli VP (21.3±0.5 to 126.8±0.8 mg CO2 m-2h-1), degraded oak forest of Guna VP was (26.9±0.8 to 167.3±1.2 mg CO2 m-2h-1). Within non-degraded and degraded sites of both oak and pine forests soil respiration was positively correlated with soil temperature and soil moisture. Key words: Soil respiration; Degraded; Non-dedgraded; Van panchayat. DOI: 10.3126/sw.v6i6.2641 Scientific World, Vol. 6, No. 6, July 2008 89-93
Results of excision of cerebral radionecrosis: experience in patients treated with radiation therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Wong Sui-To , Loo Ka-Tai , Yam Kwong-Yui , Hung Wai-Man , Fok Kam-Fuk , Yuen Shing-Chau , Fong Dawson 
Published: February 2010

Object
In theory, the purpose of the treatment of cerebral radionecrosis (CRN), a nonneoplastic condition, is to minimize loss of brain function by preventing the progression and reversing some of the processes of CRN. In a practical sense, factors for achieving this purpose may include the following: removal of a CRN lesion that is causing mass effect, control of brain edema, prevention of recurrence of CRN lesions, minimization of adverse effects from treatments, and achievement of reasonably long and good-quality survivals. Based on these practical issues, the authors performed a retrospective study to evaluate the results of excision for the treatment of CRN.

Methods
The authors retrospectively reviewed the results of excision of CRN lesions in a group of patients with temporal lobe CRN due to radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Patients who had undergone surgery at the authors' institution between January 1998 and November 2008 were analyzed. Surgical results were evaluated by assessing postoperative resolution of brain edema, recurrence of temporal lobe CRN, surgery-related complications, and postoperative functional status and survival.

Results
Twenty-four patients were included (age range 39–69 years; in 23 patients nasopharyngeal carcinoma was in remission). All patients underwent craniotomy for excision of the contrast-enhancing region. The indications for operation were temporal lobe CRN lesions with a mass-occupying effect beyond the temporal lobe. There were 32 craniotomies in all (mean postoperative follow-up 40 months). It was found that brain edema resolved rapidly postoperatively. The recurrence and reoperation rates were 6.3 and 3.1%, respectively. There were no surgery-related deaths. The median survival was 72 months, and 67% of the patients had a Karnofsky Performance Scale score of ≥ 70% at the time of their last follow-up.

Conclusions
In a specific group of patients with CRN of the temporal lobe in whom the CRN lesions were causing a mass-occupying effect beyond the temporal lobe, excision of the contrast-enhancing region was safe and could achieve prompt resolution of brain edema and a low incidence of recurrence of CRN.
Selection of patients with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus for shunt placement: a single-institution experience
Authors: Anile Carmelo , De Bonis Pasquale , Albanese Alessio , Di Chirico Alessandro , Mangiola Annunziato , Petrella Gianpaolo , Santini Pietro 
Published: February 2010

Object
The ability to predict outcome after shunt placement in patients with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) represents a challenge. To date, no single diagnostic tool or combination of tools has proved capable of reliably predicting whether the condition of a patient with suspected NPH will improve after a shunting procedure. In this paper, the authors report their experience with 120 patients with the goal of identifying CSF hydrodynamics criteria capable of selecting patients with idiopathic NPH. Specifically, they focused on the comparison between CSF-outflow resistance (R-out) and intracranial elastance (IE).

Methods
Between January 1977 and December 2005, 120 patients in whom idiopathic NPH had been diagnosed (on the basis of clinical findings and imaging) underwent CSF hydrodynamics evaluation based on an intraventricular infusion test. Ninety-six patients underwent CSF shunt placement: 32 between 1977 and 1989 (Group I) on the basis of purely clinical and radiological criteria; 44 between 1990 and 2002 (Group II) on the basis of the same criteria as Group I and because they had an IE slope > 0.25; and 20 between 2003 and 2005 (Group III) on the basis of the same criteria as Group II but with an IE slope ≥ 0.30. Outcomes were evaluated by means of both Stein-Langfitt and Larsson scores. Patients' conditions were considered improved when there was a stable decrease (at 6- and 12-month follow-up) of at least 1 point in the Stein-Langfitt score and 2 points in the Larsson score.

Results
Group I: while no statistically significant difference in mean R-out value between improved and unimproved cases was observed, a clear-cut IE slope value of 0.25 differentiated very sharply between unimproved and improved cases. Group II: R-out values in the 2 unimproved cases were 20 and 47 mm Hg/ml/min, respectively. The mean IE slope in the improved cases was 0.56 (range 0.30–1.4), while the IE slopes in the 2 unimproved cases were 0.26 and 0.27. Group III: the mean IE slope was 0.51 (range 0.31–0.7). The conditions of all patients improved after shunting. A significant reduction of the Evans ratio was observed in 34 (40.5%) of the 84 improved cases and in none of the unimproved cases.

Conclusions
Our strategy based on the analysis of CSF pulse pressure parameters seems to have a great accuracy in predicting surgical outcome in clinical practice.