bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methodology and reporting of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies in psychiatric epidemiology: Systematic review
Authors: Brugha Traolach S. , Matthews Ruth , Morgan Zoe , Hill Trevor , Alonso Jordi , Jones David R. 
Published: June 2012

BackgroundRelatively little is known of the use of systematic review and synthesis methods of non-randomised psychiatric epidemiological studies, which play a vital role in aetiological research, planning and policy-making.AimsTo evaluate reviews of psychiatric epidemiological studies of functional mental disorders that employed synthesis methods such as systematic review or meta-analysis, or other forms of quantitative review.MethodWe searched the literature to identify appropriate reviews published during the period 1996 to April 2009. Selected reviews were evaluated using published review guidelines.ResultsWe found 106 reviews in total, of which 38 (36%) did not mention method of data abstraction from primary studies at all. Many failed to mention study quality, publication bias, bias and confounding. In 73 studies that performed a meta-analysis, 58 (79%) tested for heterogeneity and of these, 47 found significant heterogeneity. Studies that detected heterogeneity made some allowance for this. A major obstacle facing reviewers is the wide variation between primary studies in the use of instruments to measure outcomes and in sampling methods used.ConclusionsMany deficiencies found in systematic reviews are potentially remediable, although synthesis of primary study findings in a field characterised by so many sources of heterogeneity will remain challenging.
Childhood maltreatment and DSM-IV adult mental disorders: Comparison of prospective and retrospective findings
Authors: Scott Kate M. , McLaughlin Katie A. , Smith Don A. R. , Ellis Pete M. 
Published: June 2012

BackgroundPrior research reports stronger associations between childhood maltreatment and adult psychopathology when maltreatment is assessed retrospectively compared with prospectively, casting doubt on the mental health risk conferred by maltreatment and on the validity of retrospective reports.AimsTo investigate associations of psychopathology with prospectivev.retrospective maltreatment ascertainment.MethodA nationally representative sample of respondents aged 16–27 years (n= 1413) in New Zealand completed a retrospective assessment of maltreatment and DSM-IV mental disorders. Survey data were linked with a national child protection database to identify respondents with maltreatment records (prospective ascertainment).ResultsChildhood maltreatment was associated with elevated odds of mood, anxiety and drug disorders (odds ratios = 2.1–4.1), with no difference in association strength between prospective and retrospective groups. Prospectively ascertained maltreatment predicted unfavourable depression course involving early onset, chronicity and impairment.ConclusionsProspectively and retrospectively assessed maltreatment elevated the risk of psychopathology to a similar degree. Prospectively ascertained maltreatment predicted a more unfavourable depression course.
Better care for depression in the workplace: Integrating
occupational and mental health services
Authors: Gilbody Simon , Bower Peter , Rick Jo 
Published: June 2012

SummaryPeople with depression in the workplace are less productive and at risk of
losing their job. Many never work again. Intervention should ideally begin
before sickness absence occurs and early return to work should be the focus
of care. This will require closer integration of primary care, mental health
and occupational health services.
Role of mental health professionals in the management of
functional somatic symptoms in primary care
Authors: Morriss Richard 
Published: June 2012

SummaryFunctional somatic symptoms associated with persistent frequent attendance
is emotionally demanding, costly and intractable to treat. Such patients are
hard to engage in practice and research by mental health professionals,
whose main role may be indirect training, supporting and advising primary
care professionals rather than direct patient care.
Preventing chronic disease in people with mental health problems: the HEALTH Passport approach
Authors: Anderson Naomi , Sridharan Sanjana , Megson Matthew , Evans Amy , Vallance James , Singh Swaran , Shukla Rashmi , Patel Vinod 
Published: June 2012

Aims and methodThe HEALTH Passport is a tool to help patients make lifestyle changes to reduce the future burden of chronic disease. This study assesses the potential of this behaviour change strategy in psychiatric patients. We introduced 50 psychiatric in-patients to the HEALTH Passport and asked them to complete a semi-qualitative questionnaire. Results were compared with those of 100 controls.ResultsPsychiatric in-patients are exposed to almost twice as many modifiable risk factors of chronic disease compared with controls. Although psychiatric in-patients are less motivated to address their risk factors, the HEALTH Passport could almost halve the proportion of psychiatric patients at high risk of chronic disease.Clinical implicationsThe low level of health literacy among psychiatric patients must be addressed to reduce their risk exposure. Potentially, the HEALTH Passport provides a cost-effective tool for this purpose.
MAPPA and mental health — 10 years of controversy
Authors: Yakeley Jessica , Taylor Richard , Cameron Angus 
Published: June 2012

SummaryMultiagency public protection arrangements (MAPPAs) were established in England and Wales 10 years ago to oversee statutory arrangements for public protection by the identification, assessment and management of high-risk offenders. This article reviews MAPPAs' relationship with mental health services over the past decade. Despite areas of progress in the management of mentally ill offenders, inconsistent practice persists regarding issues of confidentiality and information-sharing between agencies, which calls for clearer and more consistent guidance from the Royal College of Psychiatrists, the Ministry of Justice and the Department of Health.
Effects of β4 integrin expression on microRNA patterns in breast cancer
Authors: Gerson Kristin D. , Maddula V. S. R. Krishna , Seligmann Bruce E. , Shearstone Jeffrey R. , Khan Ashraf , Mercurio Arthur M. 
Published: June 2012

SummaryThe integrin α6β4 is defined as an adhesion receptor for laminins. Referred to as ‘β4’, this integrin plays a key role in the progression of various carcinomas through its ability to orchestrate key signal transduction events and promote cell motility. To identify novel downstream effectors of β4 function in breast cancer, microRNAs (miRNAs) were examined because of their extensive links to tumorigenesis and their ability to regulate gene expression globally. Two breast carcinoma cell lines and a collection of invasive breast carcinomas with varying β4 expression were used to assess the effect of this integrin on miRNA expression. A novel miRNA microarray analysis termed quantitative Nuclease Protection Assay (qNPA) revealed that β4 expression can significantly alter miRNA expression and identified two miRNA families, miR-25/32/92abc/363/363-3p/367 and miR-99ab/100, that are consistently downregulated by expression of this integrin. Analysis of published Affymetrix GeneChip data identified 54 common targets of miR-92ab and miR-99ab/100 within the subset of β4-regulated mRNAs, revealing several genes known to be key components of β4-regulated signaling cascades and effectors of cell motility. Gene ontology classification identified an enrichment in genes associated with cell migration within this population. Finally, gene set enrichment analysis of all β4-regulated mRNAs revealed an enrichment in targets belonging to distinct miRNA families, including miR-92ab and others identified by our initial array analyses. The results obtained in this study provide the first example of an integrin globally impacting miRNA expression and provide evidence that select miRNA families collectively target genes important in executing β4-mediated cell motility.
Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist is beneficial after subarachnoid haemorrhage in rat by blocking haem-driven inflammatory pathology
Authors: Greenhalgh Andrew D. , Brough David , Robinson Emily M. , Girard Sylvie , Rothwell Nancy J. , Allan Stuart M. 
Published: June 2012

Summary
Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is a major contributor to the burden of stroke on society. Treatment options are limited and animal models of SAH do not always mimic key pathophysiological hallmarks of the disease, thus hindering development of new therapeutics. Inflammation is strongly associated with brain injury after SAH in animals and patients, and inhibition of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) represents a possible therapeutic target. Here we report that a rupture of the middle cerebral artery in the rat produces heterogeneous infarct patterns similar to those observed in human SAH. Administration of the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) reduced blood-brain barrier breakdown, and the extent of breakdown correlated with brain injury. After SAH, haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was strongly expressed around the bleed site and in the cortex and striatum, indicating the presence of free haem, a breakdown product of haemoglobin. HO-1 expression was also found in the same regions as microglial/macrophage expression of IL-1α. The direct effect of haem on IL-1α expression was confirmed in vitro using organotypic slice culture (OSC). Haem-induced cell death was dependent on IL-1 signalling, with IL-1Ra completely blocking cellular injury. Furthermore, stimulation of mouse primary mixed glial cells with haem induced the release of IL-1α, but not IL-1β. Thus, we suggest that haem, released from lysed red blood cells (RBCs) in the subarachnoid space, acts as a danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) driving IL-1-dependent inflammation. These data provide new insights into inflammation after SAH-induced brain injury and suggest IL-1Ra as a candidate therapeutic for the disease.
Neonatal diethylstilbestrol exposure alters the metabolic profile of uterine epithelial cells
Authors: Yin Yan , Lin Congxing , Veith G. Michael , Chen Hong , Dhandha Maulik , Ma Liang 
Published: June 2012

Summary
Developmental exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) causes reproductive tract malformations, affects fertility and increases the risk of clear cell carcinoma of the vagina and cervix in humans. Previous studies on a well-established mouse DES model demonstrated that it recapitulates many features of the human syndrome, yet the underlying molecular mechanism is far from clear. Using the neonatal DES mouse model, the present study uses global transcript profiling to systematically explore early gene expression changes in individual epithelial and mesenchymal compartments of the neonatal uterus. Over 900 genes show differential expression upon DES treatment in either one or both tissue layers. Interestingly, multiple components of the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma (PPARγ)-mediated adipogenic/lipid metabolic pathway, including PPARγ itself, are targets of DES in the neonatal uterus. TEM and Oil Red O staining further demonstrate a dramatic increase in lipid deposition in the uterine epithelial cells upon DES exposure. Neonatal DES exposure also perturbs glucose homeostasis in the uterine epithelium. Some of these neonatal DES-induced metabolic changes appear to last into adulthood, suggesting a permanent effect of DES on energy metabolism in uterine epithelial cells. This study extends the list of biological processes that can be regulated by estrogen or DES, and provides a novel perspective for endocrine disruptor induced reproductive abnormalities.
Rapid Preparation of Cycloheptane Ring from 1,2-Diketone and Bis(iodozincio)methane via Oxy-Cope Rearrangement Using Microflow System
Authors: Haraguchi Ryosuke , Takada Yoshiaki , Matsubara Seijiro 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Treatment of 1,6-dialkylhexa-1,5-diene-3,4-diones with bis(iodozincio)methane at −78 °C for several hours gave cis-dialkenylcyclopropane-1,2-diols which rearranged into the zinc alkoxides of cis-5,6-dialkylcyclohepta-3,7-diene-1,3-diol in good yields at room temperature as a one-pot reaction. The reaction should be performed under the careful temperature control. When the reaction was performed using a microflow system, these two-step reactions were able to be performed in a few seconds at room temperature.
Manganese Oxide-catalyzed Additive- and Solvent-free Aerobic Oxidative Synthesis of Primary Amides from Primary Amines
Authors: Yamaguchi Kazuya , Wang Ye , Mizuno Noritaka 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Various kinds of primary amides could be synthesized through indirect aerobic oxygenation of primary amines using simple amorphous MnO2 under additive- and solvent-free conditions. The catalyst/product separation was very easy, and the retrieved MnO2 catalyst could be reused without an appreciable loss of its high catalytic performance.
A Facile Access to 3,5-Disubstituted Oxazolones Featuring a Cu-catalyzed Cyclization of N-Alkynyl tert-Butyl Carbamates
Authors: Lu Zenghui , Yang Zhaozhen , Cui Weijian , Zhu Gangguo 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Using cheap and readily accessible CuCl as the catalyst, an operationally simple and efficient method for the synthesis of 3,5-disubstituted oxazolones has been realized by the cyclization of N-alkynyl tert-butyl carbamates. The reaction proceeds under mild reaction conditions and shows good functional group compatibility.
Porous ZnFe2O4 Nanospheres Grown on Graphene Nanosheets as a Superior Anode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Chen Xianglan , Cheng Bin , Xu Huayun , Yang Jian , Qian Yitai 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
A facile solvothermal approach has been developed to grow porous ZnFe2O4 nanospheres on the surface of graphene nanosheets. The porous structure of ZnFe2O4 and the presence of graphene could significantly improve the electrochemical performance of the composite. The composite exhibits the reversible capacities of 970 mA h g−1 at 50 mA g−1 and 700 mA h g−1 at 600 mA g−1, suggesting its promising potential as a superior anode material for lithium ion batteries.
New Class of Thiocyanate-free Ruthenium(II) Complex as a Near-IR Sensitizer for Dye-sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Funaki Takashi , Funakoshi Hiromi , Onozawa-Komatsuzaki Nobuko , Kasuga Kazuyuki , Sayama Kazuhiro , Sugihara Hideki 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
A new class of thiocyanate-free ruthenium(II) complex containing a 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylate ligand was designed and synthesized as a near-IR sensitizer for dye-sensitized solar cells, and its photophysical and photochemical properties were characterized. The solar cell sensitized with this complex exhibited efficient panchromatic sensitization over the entire visible wavelength region extending into the near-IR region. An overall conversion efficiency of 6.5% was attained under standard AM 1.5 irradiation (100 mW cm−2).
A Neutral Five-coordinated Organoruthenium(0) Complex: X-ray Structure and Unique Solvatochromism
Authors: Jeong Kihun , Nakamori Harutaka , Imai Shunsuke , Matsumoto Takahiro , Ogo Seiji , Nakai Hidetaka 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
The structure of a neutral five-coordinated organoruthenium(0) complex [(η6-C6Me6)Ru0(bpy)] (1, bpy: 2,2′-bipyridine) was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The solvent-induced reversible color change based on the interconversion between the purple Ru0 complex 1 and a yellow RuII–hydride complex [(η6-C6Me6)RuII(bpy)H]+ is presented.
Nanosecond Time-resolved Infrared Spectra and Structure of the Charge-transfer State of 9,9′-Bianthryl in Acetonitrile
Authors: Asami Nobuyuki , Yabumoto Sohshi , Shigeto Shinsuke , Takaya Tomohisa , Hamaguchi Hiro-o , Iwata Koichi 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Nanosecond time-resolved infrared spectra of photoexcited 9,9′-bianthryl (BA) and its deuterated derivative (BA-d18) were recorded in acetonitrile-d3 and cyclohexane-d12. The charge-transfer (CT) bands observed at the 1200–1400 cm−1 region are contributed mostly by the intra- and inter-ring CC stretch vibrations. The intrinsic frequency of the inter-ring CC stretch falls within the 1200–1400 cm−1 region, which is consistent more with a twisted structure than with a fully conjugated planar structure of the CT state.
Characteristic MR and CT imaging findings of hepatobiliary paragonimiasis and their pathologic correlations
Authors: Lu Chun-yan , Hu Ya-jun , Chen Wei-xia 
Published: June 2012

Background Hepatobiliary paragonimiasis (HP) is not commonly encountered and may be confused with hepatobiliary tumors; however, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of HP allow this entity to be distinguished from other diseases. Purpose To present the CT and MRI findings in patients with HP and to describe some specific imaging findings along with their pathological correlations. Material and Methods Imaging and clinical findings of 21 patients (9 boys/men and 12 girls/women; age range 3–67 years; mean age 40 years) who were diagnosed with HP were retrospectively evaluated. Among these patients, 16 underwent CT examination only, two had MR examination only, and three underwent both CT and MR. All patients underwent surgery, and the HP diagnosis was confirmed by the surgical and histopathologic results. Results Chronic abdominal pain or back pain was reported by 14 patients, severe abdominal pain with acute onset was reported by one patient, and six patients were asymptomatic and were discovered incidentally. Peripheral eosinophilia was present in 14 patients (14/21, 66.7%), and abnormal liver function tests were found in 16 patients (16/21, 76.2%). Of the 19 patients who underwent CT imaging, 17 patients showed multiple mixed hypodense lesions or multiple cysts with inlaying septation with separate irregular rims or circular enhancement on post-contrast CT images. Tunnel-shaped microabscesses and necrotic cavities were found in the lesions of 12 of those 17 patients. The other two patients showed smaller cystic masses. MRI showed faveolate T1 hypointense and T2 hyperintense areas in the liver parenchyma with rim or peripheral enhancement. Nodular or circular hyperintense materials were found scattered in the lesions on T1-weighted imaging. Conclusion CT and MRI can reveal the radiological-pathological features of HP. Together with laboratory findings, MRI and CT findings may provide diagnostic clues, especially in endemic areas, that are very important for the selection of treatment methods.
Bedside diagnosis of pleural effusion with a latest generation hand-carried ultrasound device in intensive care patients
Authors: Schleder Stephan , Dornia C , Poschenrieder F , Dendl L , Cojocaru L , Bein T , Schmid C , Stroszczynski C , Jung EM , Heiss P 
Published: June 2012

Background Further development established hand-carried ultrasound (HCU) imagers in daily clinical workflow providing several advantages such as fast bedside availability and prompt diagnosis. Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic yield of a latest generation HCU imager compared to chest radiography (CR) for the detection of pleural effusion (PE) in intensive care patients. Material and Methods Forty-eight hemithoraces of 24 patients on surgical intensive care units were enrolled in this study. All hemithoraces were evaluated using both HCU and CR. Definite diagnosis of PE was achieved using a high-end ultrasound system as standard of reference. Statistical analysis was performed using 2 × 2 tables and a McNemar test. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results PE was present in 35 of 48 hemithoraces (73%). The HCU examination was carried out technically successfully in all hemithoraces. Sensitivity and specificity of HCU for the diagnosis of PE was 91% and 100%, respectively, whereas sensitivity and specificity of CR was 74% and 31%, respectively. The difference between HCU and CR was statistically significant with respect to specificity but not sensitivity ( P = 0.008 and P = 0.11, respectively). Conclusion Due to its ease of use and its high diagnostic yield HCU systems of the latest generation constitute a helpful technique for the primary assessment of PE.
Embedding online patient record access in UK primary care: a survey of stakeholder experiences
Authors: Pagliari Claudia , Shand Tim , Fisher Brian 
Published: June 2012

Summary Objectives To explore the integration of online patient Record Access within UK Primary Care, its perceived impacts on workload and service quality, and barriers to implementation. Design Mixed format survey of clinicians, administrators and patients. Telephone interviews with non-users. Setting Primary care centres within NHS England that had offered online record access for the preceding year. Participants Of the 57 practices initially agreeing to pilot the system, 32 had adopted it and 16 of these returned questionnaires. The 42 individual respondents included 14 practice managers, 15 clinicians and 13 patients. Follow-up interviews were conducted with one participant from 15 of the 25 non-adopter practices. Results Most professionals believed that the system is easy to integrate within primary care; while most patients found it easy to integrate within their daily lives. Professionals perceived no increase in the volume of patient queries or clinical consultations as a result of Record Access; indeed some believed that these had decreased. Most clinicians and patients believed that the service had improved mutual trust, communication, patients’ health knowledge and health behaviour. Inhibiting factors included concerns about security, liability and resource requirements. Non-adoption was most frequently attributed to competing priorities, rather than negative beliefs about the service. Conclusions Record access has an important role to play in supporting patient-focused healthcare policies in the UK and may be easily accommodated within existing services. Additional materials to facilitate patient recruitment, inform system set-up processes, and assure clinicians of their legal position are likely to encourage more widespread adoption.
Genetic Interactions Between Drosophila sialyltransferase and β1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-A Genes Indicate Their Involvement in the Same Pathway
Authors: Nakamura Michiko , Pandey Dheeraj , Panin Vladislav M 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Sialylated glycans play a prominent role in the Drosophila nervous system where they are involved in the regulation of neural transmission. However, the functional pathway of sialylation in invertebrates, including Drosophila, remains largely unknown. Here we used a combination of genetic and behavioral approaches to shed light on the Drosophila sialylation pathway. We examined genetic interactions between Drosophila sialyltransferase (DSiaT) and β1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (β4GalNAcT) genes. Our results indicated that β4GalNAcTA and DSiaT cooperate within the same functional pathway that regulates neural transmission. We found that β4GalNAcTA is epistatic to DSiaT. Our data suggest an intriguing possibility that β4GalNAcTA may participate in the biosynthesis of sialylated glycans.