bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Good Manufacturing Practice: The Role of Local Manufacturers and Competent Authorities
Authors: Tomić Siniša , Sučić Anita , Martinac Adrijana 
Published: December 2010

Good Manufacturing Practice: The Role of Local Manufacturers and Competent AuthoritiesIn every country, a manufacturer of medicinal products for either human or veterinary use is required to operate in compliance with local legislation. In all EU Member States, legislation is approximated to the effect that they are committed to abide by the same standards. The candidate countries transpose the acquis into their national legislation, including the good manufacturing practice (GMP). Consequently, the local manufacturer is required to strictly comply with GMP and the manufacturing licence, including for medicinal products exclusively intended for export. A vital role is also played by national regulatory authorities, in Croatia by the Agency for Medicinal Products and Medical Devices which issues the manufacturing licence, GMP certificate, and the Certificate of a Pharmaceutical Product (CPP) and conducts laboratory control of products. GMP inspection is carried out by the Pharmaceutical Inspectorate with the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare. Both authorities are responsible only for human medicines. There are legislative issues not yet harmonised with the acquis, but as a country aspiring for the EU membership, Croatia is expected to demonstrate that its industry and competent authorities are able to conform to current requirements and thus fully adhere to the integrated European regulatory network. Hence the importance of strengthening the institutional capacity of the competent authorities, as insufficient resources may have a direct bearing on patients by limiting their access to affordable treatment.
Shiftwork Problems
Authors: Slišković Ana 
Published: December 2010

Problemi rada u smjenamaU radu se raspravlja o negativnim utjecajima smjenskog rada koji su klasificirani u četiri kategorije učinaka: na biološke funkcije, radnu efikasnost, društvene / obiteljske aspekte života te na zdravlje. Dan je sustavni pregled dosadašnjih istraživanja zdravstvenih problema smjenskih radnika u čijoj je osnovi narušavanje cirkadijurnih ritmova organizma koju nameće smjenski / noćni rad. Zdravstveni problemi koji se dovode u vezu sa smjenskim radom su ovi: problemi sa spavanjem, gastrointestinalne i kardiovaskularne bolesti, karcinom, problemi s reproduktivnim funkcijama žena te lošije psihičko zdravlje.U radu se također raspravlja o toleranciji smjenskog rada. Pri tome je kao teoretski okvir povezanosti smjenskog rada i negativnih zdravstvenih posljedica rabljen procesni model koji su postavili Smith i suradnici 1999. Poseban naglasak stavljen je na individualne i organizacijske faktore o kojima ovisi mogućnost prilagodbe na smjenski rad te tolerancija takvog rada. Značajni prediktori tolerancije smjenskog rada su: dob, spol, jutarnjost-večernjost, rigidnost-fleksibilnost u navikama spavanja, obiteljska situacija, higijena spavanja te zdrava prehrana. S obzirom na rezultate istraživanja koji upućuju na povezanost nekih karakteristika organizacije smjenskog rada s tolerancijom prema smjenskom radu, kao što su: broj radnih smjena i trajanje smjene, broj sukcesivnih noćnih smjena, regularnost smjena, brzina i smjer rotacije smjena, preporučene su intervencijske strategije u organizaciji smjenskog rada.
Environmental and Occupational Health Risks Among Agricultural Workers Living in a Rural Community Near Petroleum Refinery and Motorway in Skopje Region
Authors: Karadžinska-Bislimovska Jovanka , Minov Jordan , Stoleski Sašo , Mijakoski Dragan , Risteska-Kuc Snežana , Milkovska Snežana 
Published: December 2010

Environmental and Occupational Health Risks Among Agricultural Workers Living in a Rural Community Near Petroleum Refinery and Motorway in Skopje RegionTo assess health risks in agricultural workers associated with environmental exposure to pollutants released from a petroleum refinery and from traffic, we performed a cross-sectional study that included 119 randomly selected subjects divided in two groups. Group 1 included 60 agricultural workers living in a rural community near the petroleum refinery and a motorway overpass, whereas Group 2 consisted of 59 agricultural workers performing similar activities and living in a rural community with no exposure to industrial and traffic pollutants. Risk assessment included a questionnaire, blood pressure measurement, spirometry, laboratory tests, and toxicological analysis. The groups showed a similar prevalence of health problems, with exception of muscle pain in the extremities, headache, and fatigue, which were significantly more common in Group 1. Diastolic blood pressure was higher in Group 1, but not significantly (p=0.057). The same is true for blood carbon monoxide. Significantly higher in Group 1 were blood haemoglobin (p=0.001) and blood lead (p<0.001). Serum cholinesterase activity was similar in both groups. Our findings indicate the need of regular medical exams, ambient monitoring and environmental impact assessment in agricultural population in order to detect individuals at risk and to institute adequate preventive measures.
Determination of Biogenic Amines and Endotoxin in Squid, Musky Octopus, Norway Lobster, and Mussel Stored at Room Temperature
Authors: Prester Ljerka , Orct Tatjana , Macan Jelena , Vukušić Jelena , Kipčić Dubravka 
Published: December 2010

Determination of Biogenic Amines and Endotoxin in Squid, Musky Octopus, Norway Lobster, and Mussel Stored at Room TemperatureLittle research has been published on the indicators of spoilage in Mediterranean molluscan shellfish and crustaceans. Thus is why we studied changes in the concentrations of endotoxin and four biogenic amines (histamine, putrescine, tyramine and cadaverine) in European common squid (Loligo subulata, Lamarck, 1798), musky octopus (Eledone moschata, Lamarck, 1798), Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus, Linnaeus, 1758), and mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis, Lamarck, 1819) from the Adriatic Sea stored at room temperature for 24 h. Endotoxin load in fresh squid, Norway lobster, and mussel (<1 EU mg-1) indicated good microbiological quality of raw samples. Biogenic amine index (as the sum of histamine, putrescine, tyramine, and cadaverine) correlated well with endotoxin load in squid (r=0.978, p<0.001) and musky octopus (r=0.874, p<0.01). A good correlation was also found between endotoxin and putrescine in Norway lobster (r=0.777, p<0.05). The highest endotoxin load was found in decomposed mussels and was associated with histamine alone. In conclusion, increase in biogenic amine levels is species-specific. Endotoxin analysis could be used for rapid assessment of microbiological quality of cephalopods and shellfish.
Performance of Fine Motor and Spatial Tasks During the Menstrual Cycle
Authors: Šimić Nataša , Tokić Andrea , Peričić Marina 
Published: December 2010

Performance of Fine Motor and Spatial Tasks During the Menstrual CycleVarious studies have shown fluctuations in task performance during the menstrual cycle. The aim of this study was to see the effects of the menstrual cycle on performing fine motor and spatial tasks of different level of complexity in twenty students aged 18 to 21 years, with regular menstrual cycle (28 to 30 days). The students performed O'Connor Finger Dexterity Test and mental rotation test during the menstrual, late follicular, and midluteal phase. Before the tests were performed, we administered Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for each phase. After the tasks were completed, the subjects ranked their difficulty on Borg's scale.The results showed the best performance in both tests in the midluteal phase (with sex hormones at their peak). The anxiety level and task difficulty ranking were the highest in the menstrual phase, when the hormone levels were the lowest.
Determination of Benzodiazepines in Urine Via Benzophenone Derivatives Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Roškar Robert , Dolenc Marija 
Published: December 2010

Determination of Benzodiazepines in Urine Via Benzophenone Derivatives Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass SpectrometryThe aim of this study was to validate a new method for determining benzodiazepines in urine via their benzophenone derivatives, based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Selected benzodiazepines were analysed after acid hydrolysis of urine and extraction by ethyl acetate in the presence of an internal standard. Samples were analysed using electrospray ionization LC-MS/MS in a multiple reaction monitoring mode. The chromatographic run time on a reversed phase C18 analytical column was set for 9 min. This method was validated in 21 patients receiving methadone. Benzodiazepines intake was established in two out of three patients. LC-MS/MS results were also compared with the rapid immunoassay and the methods showed good agreement. However, in three cases benzodiazepines were detected by LC-MS/MS, but not by the immunoassay. The sensitivity of the developed LC-MS/MS method is comparable to or even higher than of previously reported methods, which makes it suitable as a confirmatory method.
Dragutin Mayer and Božo Metzger: Leaders in Radiation Science and Radiation Protection in Croatia
Authors: Hanžek Branko , Franić Zdenko 
Published: December 2010

Dragutin Mayer i Božo Metzger - velikani znanosti o zračenju i zaštite od zračenja u HrvatskojUbrzo nakon što je Röntgen krajem godine 1895. sustavno u literaturi opisao tzv. X-zrake, po njemu nazvane i rendgenskim zrakama, spoznaja o mogućnosti njihove uporabe u medicini i znanosti gotovo odmah dolazi u Hrvatsku te su prvi rendgenogrami i rendgenske cijevi nabavljeni već početkom godine 1896. Iste godine, prikazom prvog rendgenograma kao prve primjene rendgenskog zračenja na području Hrvatske označen je efektivni početak znanosti o zračenju u nas.U članku je prikazano školovanje, službovanje i javno djelovanje nedavno preminulog Dragutina Mayera i Bože Metzgera kao velikana iz područja znanosti o zračenju u Hrvatskoj. Istaknuta je njihova jedinstvena uloga u širenju visokoškolske nastave fizike na područje zaštite od zračenja u Hrvatskoj. Također, njihova svjedočanstva i kazivanja otkrila su brojne nepoznate detalje važne za povijest znanosti o zračenju i zaštite od zračenja u Hrvatskoj.
Prenatal, Early Life, and Childhood Exposure to Genotoxicants in the Living Environment
Authors: Katić Jelena , Fučić Aleksandra , Gamulin Marija 
Published: December 2010

Prenatal, Early Life, and Childhood Exposure to Genotoxicants in the Living EnvironmentHealth disorders and diseases related to environmental exposure in children such as cancer and immunologic disturbances (asthma, allergies) are on the rise. However, complex transplacental and prepubertal genotoxicology is given very limited consideration, even though intrauterine development and early childhood may be critical for elucidating the cancer aetiology. The foetus is transplacentally exposed to contaminants in food and environment such as various chemicals, drugs, radiochemically contaminated water and air. Target organs of xenobiotic action may differ between the mother and the foetus due to specific stage of developmental physiology and enzyme distribution. This in turn may lead to different levels of clastogenic and aneugenic metabolites of the same xenobiotic in the mother and the foetus. Adult's protective behaviour is not sufficient to isolate children from radioisotopes, pesticides, toxic metals and metalloids, environmental tobacco smoke, endocrine disrupting chemicals, and various food contaminants, which are just a part of the stressors present in a polluted environment. In order to improve legislation related to foetus and child exposure to genotoxic and possibly carcinogenic agents, oncologists, paediatricians, environmental health specialists, and genotoxicologists should work together much more closely to make a more effective use of accumulated scientific data, with the final aim to lower cancer incidence and mortality.
Biodegradation of Olive Mill Wastewater by Trichosporon Cutaneum and Geotrichum Candidum
Authors: Dragičević Tibela , Hren Marijana , Gmajnić Margareta , Pelko Sanja , Kungulovski Dzoko , Kungulovski Ivan , Čvek Domagoj , Frece Jadranka , Markov Ksenija , Delaš Frane 
Published: December 2010

Biodegradation of Olive Mill Wastewater by Trichosporon Cutaneum and Geotrichum CandidumOlive oil production generates large volumes of wastewater. These wastewaters are characterised by high chemical oxygen demand (COD), high content of microbial growth-inhibiting compounds such as phenolic compounds and tannins, and dark colour. The aim of this study was to investigate biodegradation of olive mill wastewater (OMW) by yeasts Trichosporon cutaneum and Geotrichum candidum. The yeast Trichosporon cutaneum was used because it has a high potential to biodegrade phenolic compounds and a wide range of toxic compounds. The yeast Geotrichum candidum was used to see how successful it is in biodegrading compounds that give the dark colour to the wastewater. Under aerobic conditions, Trichosporon cutaneum removed 88 % of COD and 64 % of phenolic compounds, while the dark colour remained. Geotrichum candidum grown in static conditions reduced COD and colour further by 77 % and 47 %, respectively. This investigation has shown that Trichosporon cutaneum under aerobic conditions and Geotrichum candidum under facultative anaerobic conditions could be used successfully in a two-step biodegradation process. Further investigation of OMW treatment by selected yeasts should contribute to better understanding of biodegradation and decolourisation and should include ecotoxicological evaluation of the treated OMW.
Erratum to “The masses of charged leptons and quarks from superposition self-interference of their Dirac fields” by Gerald Rosen
Authors: Rosen Gerald 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
The original version of the article was published in Central European Journal of Physics 9, 45–48 (2011), DOI: 10.2478/s11534-010-0061-5. Unfortunately, due to an editorial processing error the original version of this article contains a mistake in Eq. (5). Here we display the corrected version of this equation.
Social and Biological Context of Physical Culture and Sport
Authors: Kosiewicz Jerzy 
Published: December 2010

Social and Biological Context of Physical Culture and SportAuthor underlines that biological sciences connected with the human being are traditionally - after MacFadden, among others - counted among physical culture sciences. Because of the bodily foundations of human physical activity, they perform - shortly speaking - a significant cognitive function: they describe natural foundations of particular forms of movement. In spite of the fact that knowledge in that respect is extremely important for multiform human activity in the field of physical culture, it is not knowledge of cultural character. From the formal (that is, institutional) viewpoint it is strictly connected with culture studies, but it has separate methodological and theoretical assumptions. Knowledge of that type is focused on the human organism and not on effects of mental, axiocreative, symbolic activity of the human being entangled in social relations. It includes auxiliary data which support practical - that is, in that case, physical, bodily - activity. Its reception of axiological (ethical and aesthetical), social (philosophical, sociological, pedagogical, historical {universal or strictly defined - referring e.g. to art and literature with the connected theories} or political) character is dealt with by the humanities (in other words: social sciences) constituting an immanent and the fundamental - and hence the most important - part of culture studies. Putting stress on alleged superiority and the dominating role of natural (biological in that case) sciences within physical culture sciences and the connected marginalization of the humanities - which constitute, after all, a necessary and hence an unquestionable foundation for culture studies, their essence and objectivisation - is, euphemistically speaking, a clear shortcoming in the field of science studies.The abovementioned exaltation and aspirations for superiority, as well as deepening and more and more aggressive marginalization of the humanities (understood in that paper as a synonym for social sciences) in the field of physical culture sciences may lead to the separation of biological sciences.
Physical Activity as a Sociological Phenomenon
Authors: Sekot Aleš 
Published: December 2010

Physical Activity as a Sociological PhenomenonWe are living in a time when society, culture and science have become increasingly aware of the great importance of sport not only as a part of mass culture, but broadly understood, for individual and social health and well-being. Physical activity of people plays an increasingly more important role in scientific interest regarding way of life found in contemporary society; it is a crucial factor in the process of officiating the level of healthy and active lifestyles, quality of life, and health in general. An indispensable role of physical activity in the course of human life is also confirmed, both permanently and scientifically, in the context of obesity prevention.The development of a sedentary lifestyle is the result of a socialization process that is developed at youth and continued into adulthood, and leads to physical inactivity. At the present we face in our cultural settings an apparent trend: People are becoming more and more individualized, losing the beneficial impact of community activities, involved in passive way of life that lacks a proper level of physical activities and active sport. The phenomenon of physical activity has also been considered from the perspective of the Project EURO-PREVOB, highlighting built environmental aspects of ways of life.
Social Exclusion/Inclusion in the Context of Hungarian Sport
Authors: Földesi Gyöngyi 
Published: December 2010

Social Exclusion/Inclusion in the Context of Hungarian SportSimilar to international trends, this investigation of social exclusion/inclusion from sport was preceded by studying the impact of poverty on sport participation in Hungary. Research was made on inequality of chances and on the disadvantaged position of the lower classes in sport, even in state socialism. Following the transformation of the political regime in 1989-1990, there was a growing interest in exploring unequal social opportunities in sport, not only by marginal social groups, but also by the increasing number of lower middle class people dropping behind. However, Hungarian sport has never been studied in the context of social exclusion/inclusion. Theobjectiveof this paper is to approach sport in Hungary from these perspectives. Attempts are made to answer the following questions: in which fields of Hungarian sport can social exclusion be observed? How is social exclusion from sport linked to age, gender, dwelling place, socio-economic status and to the lack of cultural and social capital? How is the concept of social exclusion/inclusion understood by the actors in Hungarian sport? How can sport be used as a means to promote social inclusion for people marginalized by economic, social and cultural barriers? In order to answer the above questions, the followingmethodswere used: analyses of recent research findings on Hungarians' sport participation with a focus on deprivation; in-depth interviews with key persons (N= 15) in Hungarian sport with the aim to discover how the concept of social exclusion/inclusion is understood by them; and analyses of documents to explore which measures have been taken by sport policy to tackle social exclusion. Theresultsshow that exclusion from sport is widespread in Hungarian society. It is linked in a combined way to poverty, education, ethnicity, age, and settlements. It is established in early childhood and lasts the whole life cycle. Key excluded groups are in hopeless situations due to economic, social and cultural aspects, so they cannot overcome this problem alone. They receive assistance in several other areas, but they are left to their own resources in sport-related issues. Legally they should have access to sport, but they cannot claim their rights. The concept of combating social exclusion is generally not incorporated into the objectives and values of sport clubs and federations; it has not yet been an integral part of sport culture in Hungary. Government documents contain declarations in connection to tackling social exclusion, but very few actions are implemented to promote social inclusion. A majorconclusionof the paper is that a serious modification of sport policy does not mainly depend on the lack of financial recourses but on the lack of a strong determination of the Government. The involvement of the Hungarian population in sporting activity and the intention for their inclusion are much lower than it could be under the present economic circumstances.
Controversial Reflections on the Theme "Leisure": from Free Time to Lifestyle
Authors: Hodan Bohuslav , Roberson Donald 
Published: December 2010

Controversial Reflections on the Theme "Leisure": from Free Time to LifestyleToday there is more of a dialectical approach to the meanings of leisure. In earlier times there was more of a consensus or similar understanding of one's free time. The purpose of this paper is to explain today's various meanings of leisure. We discuss the meaning of time and space and its relation to leisure. In addition we have focused on a discussion of free time, work and not work, as well as one's lifestyle. In particular we will introduce the ideas of Dumazedier. In summary we concur with other authors, especially Dumazedier, that leisure is more than free time: it is best understand as a way of life, as a lifestyle.
The Football Fan Community as a Determinant Stakeholder in Value co-Creation
Authors: Zagnoli Patrizia , Radicchi Elena 
Published: December 2010

The Football Fan Community as a Determinant Stakeholder in Value co-CreationFans are of central importance to sport service production. Their passion, excitement, and involvement plays a crucial role in event implementation and value creation. Due to the importance of fans as "co-producers" of the sport service, the hypothesis of this research is that a fan community is a salient stakeholder in the value co-creation process. This paper focuses on how a football fan community engages in manifold interaction with its team, the local context, and the network of actors as a whole. Within the theoretical framework of the stakeholders and the network approach, a multi-case analysis and thorough examination of the ACF Fiorentina's season ticket holders database enlightens a system of relationships where fans are able to influence the internal dynamics of the social network that has developed around the football club. In light of the empirical evidence presented by the case studies and the database on supporters, we propose a first typology of fans' roles and strategic behaviours. Findings, though not exhaustive, illustrate not only the roles assumed by fans during matches in terms of identification and participation, but also underline the variety of ways in which fans behave as stakeholders of their own team. In terms of value cocreation, this research highlights the fan community as a salient stakeholder and not just a mere spectator. Fans and supporters not only are crucial actors in implementing the sport service, but they even play an important role of influencing the choices and behaviours of the football club and other stakeholders.