bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La première nuit d’amour de Julien Sorel et Mme de Rênal dans les états scénaristiques du Rouge et le Noir (Claude Autant-Lara, 1954)
Authors: Cordonier Laure 
Published: April 2024

Le Rouge et le Noir, réalisé par Claude Autant-Lara et sorti en 1954, a connu une genèse scénaristique chaotique et longue de plus d’une décennie. Ses deux célèbres scénaristes principaux, Jean Aurenche et Pierre Bost, ont notamment dû remanier leurs textes en fonction des injonctions des producteurs soucieux de la censure de l’époque. Cet article compare les différents états scénaristiques relatifs à la première scène d’amour entre Julien Sorel et Mme de Rênal, qui a été abondamment modifiée en cours de rédaction. En se concentrant surtout sur la caractérisation des personnages, il vise à comprendre les changements, à interpréter les conséquences des écarts majeurs entre les textes, puis à interroger le rapport entretenu par Aurenche et Bost avec le roman-source de Stendhal. Disposant de la richesse du fonds d’archives Autant-Lara, cette étude de cas propose ainsi une contribution concrète aux nombreuses études portant sur l’adaptation cinématographique d’œuvres littéraires.
High velocity nasal insufflation versus non-invasive ventilation in acute respiratory failure: a comparative study
Authors: Abd El Aziz Aml A , Abdelaal Gehan A , Gasad Heba R , Tawadros Bishoy B 
Published: April 2024

Background
In order to treat respiratory failure, thermo-humidified nasal high flow oxygen (NHFO) therapy is being used more and more. In several clinical scenarios, NHFO has recently gained popularity as alternative noninvasive respiratory ventilation.

Aim
The aim is to assess the role of high velocity nasal insufflation (HVNI) versus noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in acute respiratory failure.

Patients and methods
This is a prospective randomized clinical study conducted on 60 patients admitted to the Chest Department at Menoufia University Hospital with acute respiratory failure. Patients were randomized to receive either noninvasive positive pressure ventilation using an oronasal mask or high-velocity nasal insufflation (initial flow was at 30-40 l/min; temperature was adjusted to 37°C; fraction of inspired oxygen 1.0) with clinical monitoring and arterial blood gas (ABG) monitoring after 2, 6, 12, and 24 h.

Results
The therapeutic impact of both, HVNI and NIV, on pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2), hydrogen ion concentration, arterial oxygen saturation and pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) over time was almost similar. There was an improvement in dyspnea and a decrease in respiratory rate over time when compared with baseline results in both groups. There was no statistical difference between both groups. The failure rate in type I respiratory failure (RF) was 33.3% in the HVNI group and 28.6% in the NIV group (P-value 0.7). The failure rate in type II RF was 41.7% in the HVNI group and 25% in the NIV group (P-value 0.3). HVNI was more comfortable for patients and provided better communication and oral intake.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates that the HVNI was comparable to the NIV in the management of hypoxemic respiratory failure and could be used as a noninvasive method of ventilation alternative to the BiPAP in hypercapnic RF, with more comfortability and better communication in the HVNI group.
Comparison of the real-time polymerase chain reaction and xpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin assay for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Abd-Elaziz Nada F , Salem Heba A , Nagy Hala M , Farhat Amgad A 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
A serious issue with world health is tuberculosis (TB). Annual estimates from the World Health Organization (WHO) put the number of incident cases at 9.6 million. The aim of this work was to compare between real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and GeneXpert in recognition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) with special reference to quantification of MTB and to speed of detection of the organism.

Materials and Methods
Thirty individuals participated in this prospective clinical quasi-interventional trial with clinical data and chest radiography suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis. Participants were split into three groups equally: group I (control group) was zielneilsen stain (ZN) stain positive and culture positive, group II were ZN stain negative and culture positive and group III were ZN stain negative and culture negative. Each participant was exposed to a plain chest radiography and a complete blood picture.

Results
Real-time PCR result was significantly correlated with loss of appetite and weight in group III. There were negative correlations between PCR and mediastinal lymphadenopathy in group I. In group I GeneXpert was significantly correlated with night sweat and fever, breathlessness and cavitary lesion. In group III GeneXpert was significant correlated with site of lesion and night sweat and fever.

Conclusions
For TB patients, the PCR test is crucial in order to provide prompt diagnosis and therapy. When comparing AdvanSure tuberculous /non tuberculous mycobacterium (TB/NTM) real-time PCR with Xpert MTB/rifampicin (RIF) assay, the latter is more advantageous due to its test-method simplicity and quicker than real-time PCR ability to simultaneously identify rifampin resistance. However, its sensitivity for specimens with an acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear negative but a positive culture is less than AdvanSure TB/NTM real-time PCR. With special reference to the quantification of MTB, TB/NTM real-time PCR is a quantitative test but Xpert MTB/RIF is semiquanitative.
Comprehensive evaluations of coronavirus disease 2019 survivors regarding immunity, laboratory and computed tomography change
Authors: Bahgat Shereen , Abdelhamid Aya M , Gaber Osama A , Abdelsalam Noha M , Eldin Rasha M B 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Long coronavirus disease is an incapacitating disease that occurs in at least 10% of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections. At least 65 million persons global are estimated to have long COVID, with situations increasing daily.

Patients and methods
This is a prospective cohort study done on COVID-19 survivors’ proved by computed tomography (CT) or RCR testing who registered for follow-up at post-COVID Clinic at Family Medicine Department in Zagazig University Hospital through systematic random sampling technique. Survivors followed-up for 6 months by three visits.

Results
Total 137 adult patients with COVID-19 were included in this study. Mean age of the studied group 42.01 ± 8.28 years where most of them were females (78.1%). As regards inflammatory marker C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and D-dimer were slightly elevated and improving in the subsequent visits but complete blood picture, liver functions, kidney function, cardiac enzymes result through follow-up visits were in normal range. As regards CT change (72.3%) demonstrated abnormal CT in first visit and became (20.5%) at follow-up visit. As regards serology results, 100% demonstrated positive serology in first measurement and 12.5% turned negative in follow-up measurement after 3 months.

Conclusion
Small percent of COVID-19 patients present with some abnormalities, but after follow-up period we observed overall improvement in all parameters.
Thoracic surgery for posttubercular hydropneumothorax in patient with cerebral palsy: a case report
Authors: Maheshwari Ankit , Pawar Ranjit , Dolas Ashish , Garg Anurag 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Cerebral palsy, a disorder presenting with various neurological and muscular manifestations depending on severity of cerebral involvement causes variable functional limitation. This presents as a challenge when major surgeries are planned. Thoracic surgeries need detailed evaluation and optimization due to functional limitations to attain optimal outcome. We report a case of cerebral palsy who underwent thoracic surgery for posttubercular hydropneumothorax.
Broad spectrum antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and peripheral analgesic activities of heteroaryl nitazoxanide analogs
Authors: Abdur Rahman S. M. , Ahmed Tasmia , Asaduzzaman Muhammad , Rahman Fahad Imtiaz , Chowdhury A. K. Azad 
Published: April 2024

Background
The antiparasitic drug nitazoxanide possesses diverse biological activity. However, very few investigation was accomplished with nitazoxanide analogs. Therefore, herein we focused on the screening of bioactivities using some nitazoxanide-like synthesized molecules.

Objectives
Four heteroaryl nitazoxanide analogs synthesized in our laboratory were investigated for antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activity.

Materials and methods
Disc diffusion method was used for assessing antimicrobial potency against several Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and fungi. Carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model was performed to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity. The analgesic property was evaluated using the acetic acid-induced writing inhibition method in the mice model. Molecular docking simulations against cyclooxygenase-1, cyclooxygenase-2, phospholipase A2, NF-κB inducing kinase, and interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 were also performed.

Results and conclusion
All the synthesized compounds exhibited broad spectrum antimicrobial property against a number of Gram-positive, Gram-negative species and unicellular fungi. Compound 4 or N-(5-nitrothiazol-2-yl)-furan-3-carboxamide emerged as the most prominent antimicrobial agent exhibiting zone of inhibition ranging in 14–22 mm. These zone diameters are sometimes greater than that displayed by nitazoxanide. Compounds 2 and 3 also showed remarkable broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with a zone of inhibition 10–20 mm and 12–20 mm, respectively. Compound 4 also displayed potential anti-inflammatory activity which is comparable to standard aceclofenac. Compound 4 also showed mild analgesic effects. The compounds also exhibited moderate binding affinities against the selected target receptors and enzymes during in silico molecular docking. Heteroaryl nitazoxanide analogs showed prominent broad-spectrum antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and mild analgesic properties. This study indicates that heteroaryl nitazoxanide analogs might be interesting candidates for new drug discovery.
Morphological, molecular biology and pathological characterization of fungi causes root rot on grapevine
Authors: Hemida Khames A. , Ziedan El- Sayed H. , El-Samman Magdy G. , Khattab Abd El-Nasser A. , Mohamed Maha H. 
Published: April 2024

Background
Grapevine is subjected to attack by several of soilborne fungi causing root-rot diseases that lead to limit the production of grapevine.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the morphological, molecular identification, and pathogenic potential of fungi that causes root-rot disease of grapevine in Egypt.

Materials and methods
Isolation of fungi causing root rot of grapevine plants from the samples of diseased roots of different cultivars, i.e., crimson, superior, and flame seedless. Identification according to characterizations of morphological, cultural, and molecular biology based on internal-transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1). Pathogenicity tests of fungal isolates on grapevine plants under greenhouse conditions. Root-rot incidence, disease severity, and plant growth characteristics were determined.

Results and conclusion
Isolation traits from affected grapevine trees with different grape varieties in Egypt’s El-Nobaria Province, El-Behira Governorate, yielded eighteen isolates of four fungal genera. Fusarium spp. was the most fungal genus highly frequent on all cultivars tested and colonization (100%) on root-rot tissue of superior and flame-seedless cultivars, then (75%) on Crimson cultivar. While Lasiodiplodia spp. was recorded with moderate frequency and high colonization (100%) on rotten tissue of Crimson cultivar followed by (75%) in both flame-seedless and superior cultivars. As opposed to that, fungi of Macrophomina phaseolina followed by Rhizoctonia solani had the least frequency and colonization percentage. Isolates of fungi were identified according to morphological characteristics, cultural, and molecular biology based on internal-transcribed spacer-1 (ITS1) sequencing and conserved in GenBank with accession numbers from (ON037457.1 to ON037474.1). Fungal isolates were varied for causes of root rot on grapevine plants and their reduction effect on the characteristics of growth of flame-seedless cultivar. Fusarium solani isolate (ON037462.1) was the most pathogenic isolate that caused (100%) of root rot, high disease severity, and highly significant reduced grapevine plant growth characteristics followed by isolates of Lasiodiplodia
theobromae (ON037474.1). In this respect, a new isolate of fungal species was hosting grapevine plants, i.e., two isolates each of F. chlamydosporum, F. brachygibbosum, one isolate of F. ipomoeae, and one isolate of L.
exigua are the new causal pathogens of root-rot disease on grapevine as the first report in Egypt.
Apoptosis as a therapeutic strategy for breast cancer: the role of Thymax, a gross thymic extract, in modulating cell death pathways
Authors: Elwakkad Amany , Gamal El Din Amina A. , Hebishy Mohamed A. , Abou-Seif Howida S. 
Published: April 2024

Background
Breast cancer is a prevalent disease in women and a leading cause of cancer-related health issues. Thymax, a thymic extract, has shown potential for inducing breast cancer cell apoptosis in vitro.

Objective
This study aims to investigate how Thymax induces apoptosis and inhibits breast cancer growth and metastasis in vivo.

Materials and methods
Thymax treatment was divided into five groups: the first group (negative control) − normal rats without tumors. In the second group (positive control), rats were injected subcutaneously in the mammary gland with a single dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. of 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (in 2 ml of corn oil) and allowed to develop tumors for 120 days. Group 3: Thymax was orally administered 6 days a week to tumor-bearing rats (0.4 mg/rat) and continued for 5 weeks. Tumor-bearing rats in group 4 (Thymax injection) received 0.1 ml of Thymax solution through intraperitoneal injection twice weekly for 5 weeks. The last group was Thymax mix (oral and injection); tumor-bearing rats received Thymax solution by dual routes: orally with 0.4 ml six times per week and intraperitoneally with 0.1 ml twice weekly for 5 weeks. Thymax treatment, beginning after 120 days of tumor induction, continued for 5 weeks.

Results and conclusion
Thymax- induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells by increasing cytochrome c, tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated death domain protein (TRADD), and Fas associated death domain (FADD) levels. It also activated the mitochondrial-dependent pathway with up-regulation of tumor protein gene (P53) expression and cysteine-dependent, aspartate-specific peptidase (caspase-8) activation. Thymax restored normal renal and hepatic cell function and enhanced the immune system by improving total antioxidant levels and inhibiting malondialdehyde levels in treated animals. Histopathological results showed a significant apoptotic effect in the group receiving Thymax injections, demonstrating its capability to induce apoptosis without tumors or atypia in mammary glands.
Our findings indicate that Thymax has a significant effect on enhancing tumor cell death and inducing apoptosis in vivo. Thymax may also modulate proapoptotic and antiapoptotic protein expression and activity, regulate the penetrability of the mitochondrial membrane, and release cytochrome c. Furthermore, our findings show that the injection route of Thymax is the fastest and most efficient method to deliver the extract to the tumor site and exert its antitumor effects. These results suggest that Thymax has the potential to be a novel adjuvant in the treatment of breast cancer, as it can enhance the efficacy of conventional therapies and reduce the risk of recurrence and metastasis.
From Rupees to Rights: India’s Struggle and Progress toward Gender Pay Parity
Authors: Kulkarni Namratha , Havaldar Pavan P. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The gender pay gap, a global issue, reflects the persistent inequality between men and women in the workforce. India, despite progress in various aspects, still grapples with significant disparities in earnings between genders. This article explores the multifaceted nature of the gender pay gap in India, examining its causes and potential solutions. It also highlights India’s achievements in narrowing the gap in fields such as health care, education, and creative industries. Government initiatives and policies, like the Gender Budget, play a crucial role in addressing this issue, but challenges like unconscious biases and occupational segregation remain. While India has taken the first few steps toward gender pay parity, there is much work to be done to ensure equal opportunities and compensation for all.
Vocal fold cyst: A narrative review
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Vocal fold cysts are benign lesions of the larynx and affect both children and adults. The vocal fold cysts can be classified into two types such as mucous retention cysts and epidermoid cysts. Vocal overuse is often associated with the formation of the cyst on the vocal fold. The aetiological factor behind this lesion may be due to occupation. It frequently affects the people who use their voices professionally. The most common symptom of the vocal fold cyst is dysphonia or hoarseness of the voice, increased vocal effort, fatigue, strain and if the lesions are large enough, feeling of dyspnoea with phonation. If the size of the vocal cyst is very large, it may manifest life-threatening stridor. This lesion can create mental and emotional tension in daily life and affect the daily life of the patient. The vocal fold cyst is easily recognised and managed. Videostroboscopy is one of the most important techniques for the diagnosis of the vocal fold cyst. The vocal fold cyst rarely resolves entirely. The treatment options include speech therapy and transoral microlaryngeal surgery. Early diagnosis of the vocal fold cyst can lead to effective treatment and good vocal recovery. This article discusses the epidemiology, aetiopathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis and present the treatment of vocal fold cysts.
Initial experience of robotic-assisted cholecystectomy in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Ganesh Bodapudi , Raju Boyidi Venkat , Teja Chandu , Yadlapati Sai Sumanth , Supriya Dasari , Sundara Rao Tella Syama , Reddy Gelli Srinivasa , Nayak Samir Ranjan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
Robotic surgery was designed to overcome some of the major limitations of laparoscopy in terms of visibility, dexterity and precision. However, its potential limitations include high costs and low tactile feedback. at a tertiary care teaching hospital.

Methods:
In this retrospective study, we assessed the safety and feasibility of robotic-assisted cholecystectomy using the Versius Surgical Robot System® at our tertiary care teaching hospital between 2 September 2021 and 22 August 2022.

Results:
Of the 30 patients studied, 11 were males. The mean body mass index of the patients was 25.7. Intraoperative complications were noted in one case (haemorrhage from the liver bed) and conversion to laparoscopic surgery was noted in the same case. The median docking time was 16 min and the median console time was 72 min. No post-operative complications were noted. Both docking time and console time significantly decreased throughout this study.

Conclusions:
This study shows that the robotic-assisted cholecystectomy is a promising, safe and feasible alternative to traditional laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as marker of organ dysfunction severity in patients with sepsis in the intensive care unit: An observational study
Authors: Pathania Ridham , Gupta Monica , Jesrani Gautam , Gupta Samiksha , Palta Anshu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an easily computable parameter and is believed to accurately determine the disease-related organ dysfunction severity and prognosis in sepsis.

Methods:
This study aimed at identifying the role of NLR in predicting organ dysfunction severity and prognosis in patients with sepsis requiring admission to an intensive care unit (ICU). In this observational study, NLR and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores were calculated at the time of admission in patients with sepsis. Patients were followed until discharge or death.

Results:
Fifty five ICU patients with sepsis were enrolled. The mean NLR and SOFA scores for the total study cohort were 7.91 ± 3.01 and 8.76 ± 3.16, respectively. The corresponding values for those in septic shock were 8.96 ± 2.80 and 9.94 ± 3.78. A positive correlation was observed between SOFA score and NLR in all patients (r = 0.5584, P < 0.001); patients with sepsis only (r = 0.4821, P = 0.002); and patients with sepsis and shock (r = 0.6321, P = 0.004). In the total population, mean NLR was significantly higher among non-survivors, compared to survivors (9.17±3.1 vs. 7.09±2.7 ; P = 0.0054).

Conclusions:
NLR at admission shows a good correlation with the organ dysfunction severity in sepsis and may be used as a prognostic marker, thereby guiding the intensification of management.
Perception and practice of medical research amongst future doctors in a Medical College of Kolkata: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Das Sukesh , Bandyopadhyay Kajari , Das Avijit , Chatterjee Supantha , Sarkar Tarun Kumar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
Medical research is important for medical students, but the scope and practice in India are poor compared to Western countries. Sparse published data are available from India on the perceptions and practice of medical research among the future doctors of a Medical College.

Methods:
It was an observational, descriptive type of study with cross-sectional design conducted amongst future doctors (3rd Professional Part II students and Interns) of a Government Medical College in Kolkata. A pre-designed, structured questionnaire (as Google Forms) was shared amongst the participants through WhatsApp.

Results:
Majority of the participants (85.1%) opined that research is essential for updating knowledge in the Medical Field, while about 2/5th of them regarded teaching on research in the UG curriculum as unsatisfactory. Perceived barriers cited by the participants were lack of funding support (88.3%), lack of facilities (69.5%), lack of proper guidance (83.8%), demanding curriculum (74.7%), existing stress (58.1%) and lack of time (77.9%). Motivating factors for research as considered by the participants were inspiration from teachers (85.1%), inspiration from peers, relatives or family members (49.3%), financial gains (51.9%) and career prospects (59.1%). Only 13.0% of the participants conducted any research, and only 4.5% have published their study.

Conclusions:
Several perceived barriers as well as motivating factors for research cited by the future doctors. Practice on research amongst them is far from being satisfactory.