bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite composite co-cultured with rabbit bone-marrow stromal cells in the healing of a segmental bone defect
Authors: Wang G. , Yang H. , Li M. , Lu S. , Chen X. , Cai X. 
Published: February 2010

In a rabbit model we investigated the efficacy of a silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HA) composite on the repair of a segmental bone defect. Four types of porous SF/HA composites (SF/HA-1, SF/HA-2, SF/HA-3, SF/HA-4) with different material ratios, pore sizes, porosity and additives were implanted subcutaneously into Sprague-Dawley rats to observe biodegradation. SF/HA-3, which had characteristics more suitable for a bone substitite based on strength and resorption was selected as a scaffold and co-cultured with rabbit bone-marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). A segmental bone defect was created in the rabbit radius. The animals were randomised into group 1 (SF/HA-3 combined with BMSCs implanted into the bone defect), group 2 (SF/HA implanted alone) and group 3 (nothing implanted). They were killed at four, eight and 12 weeks for visual, radiological and histological study. The bone defects had complete union for group 1 and partial union in group 2, 12 weeks after operation. There was no formation of new bone in group 3. We conclude that SF/HA-3 combined with BMSCs supports bone healing and offers potential as a bone-graft substitute.
Is the human acetabulofemoral joint spherical?
Authors: Cereatti A. , Margheritini F. , Donati M. , Cappozzo A. 
Published: February 2010

The human acetabulofemoral joint is commonly modelled as a pure ball-and-socket joint, but there has been no quantitative assessment of this assumption in the literature. Our aim was to test the limits and validity of this hypothesis. We performed experiments on four adult cadavers. Cortical pins, each equipped with a marker cluster, were implanted in the pelvis and the femur. Movements were recorded using stereophotogrammetry while an operator rotated the cadaver’s acetabulofemoral joint, exploiting the widest possible range of movement. The functional consistency of the acetabulofemoral joint as a pure spherical joint was assessed by comparing the magnitude of the translations of the hip joint centre as obtained on cadavers, with the centre of rotation of two metal segments linked through a perfectly spherical hinge. The results showed that the radii of the spheres containing 95% of the positions of the estimated centres of rotation were separated by less than 1 mm for both the acetabulofemoral joint and the mechanical spherical hinge. Therefore, the acetabulofemoral joint can be modelled as a spherical joint within the considered range of movement (flexion/extension 20° to 70°; abduction/adduction 0° to 45°; internal/external rotation 0° to 30°).
Genetic influences in the aetiology of femoroacetabular impingement
Authors: Pollard T. C. B. , Villar R. N. , Norton M. R. , Fern E. D. , Williams M. R. , Murray D. W. , Carr A. J. 
Published: February 2010

Femoroacetabular impingement causes pain in the hip in young adults and may predispose to the development of osteoarthritis. Genetic factors are important in the aetiology of osteoarthritis of the hip and may have a role in that of femoroacetabular impingement. We compared 96 siblings of 64 patients treated for primary impingement with a spouse control group of 77 individuals. All the subjects were screened clinically and radiologically using a standardised protocol for the presence of cam and pincer deformities and osteoarthritis.The siblings of those patients with a cam deformity had a relative risk of 2.8 of having the same deformity (66 of 160 siblings hips versus 23 of 154 control hips, p < 0.00001). The siblings of those patients with a pincer deformity had a relative risk of 2.0 of having the same deformity (43 of 116 sibling hips versus 29 of 154 control hips, p = 0.001). Bilateral deformity occurred more often in the siblings (42 of 96 siblings versus 13 of 77 control subjects, relative risk 2.6, p = 0.0002). The prevalence of clinical features in those hips with abnormal morphology was also greater in the sibling group compared with the control group (41 of 109 sibling hips versus 7 of 46 control hips, relative risk 2.5, p = 0.007). In 11 sibling hips there was grade-2 osteoarthritis according to Kellgren and Lawrence versus none in the control group (p = 0.002).Genetic influences are important in the aetiology of primary femoroacetabular impingement. This risk appears to be manifested through not only abnormal joint morphology, but also through other factors which may modulate progression of the disease.
Secant dimensions of low-dimensional homogeneous varieties
Authors: Baur Karin , Draisma Jan 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
We completely describe the higher secant dimensions of all connected homogeneous projective varieties of dimension at most 3, in all possible equivariant embeddings. In particular, we calculate these dimensions for all Segre–Veronese embeddings of ℙ1 × ℙ1, ℙ1 × ℙ1 × ℙ1, and ℙ2 × ℙ1, as well as for the flag variety ℱ of incident point-line pairs in ℙ2. For ℙ2 × ℙ1 and ℱ the results are new, while the proofs for the other two varieties are more compact than existing proofs. Our main tool is the second author's tropical approach to secant dimensions.
O(p + 1) × O(q + 1)-invariant (r – 1)-minimal hypersurfaces in Euclidean space
Authors: Sousa Paulo 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
The aim of the paper is to present a classification of nonextendable immersed O(p+1) × O(q + 1)-invariant (r – 1)-minimal hypersurfaces in the Euclidean space , with p, q > 1 and 2 ≤ r ≤ 1 min{p, q}, by analyzing embeddedness as well as (r – 1)-stability. The case r = 1 and r = 2 were treated in [Alencar, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 337: 129–141, 1993] and [Sato, de Souza Neto, Ann. Global Anal. Geom. 29: 221–240, 2006], respectively. Generalizing the seminal work of Bombieri et al. we also present a (r – 1)-stable complete embedded hypersurface of with Hr
= 0 and O(p + 1) × O(q + 1)-invariant, where p + q ≥ r + 5, that is not homeomorphic to .
Is heparin plasma suitable for the determination of B-type natriuretic peptide on the Beckman-Coulter Access 2?
Authors: Santos Humberto , Cauliez Bruno , Tron Christophe , Brunel Valery , Lavoinne Alain 
Published: February 2010

Abstract

Background: The use of heparin as an alternative to EDTA in the production of plasma samples is of particular interest for B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) measurements. Lithium heparin is now widely used for the determination of biochemical parameters, including cardiac markers. The goal of this study was to determine the feasibility of measuring BNP using heparin plasma instead of EDTA plasma with the Access 2 system (Beckman-Coulter).

Methods: BNP was determined in heparin plasma and EDTA plasma from 24 patients within 1 h of blood collection. Additional measurements were performed with heparin plasma, every hour for the first 4 h, and then 8 h after the collection of blood that was stored at room temperature.

Results: At H0, the observed BNP concentrations in heparin plasma were much higher (mean values 65% higher) than those in EDTA plasma. Using predetermined thresholds, this difference would lead to 30% discordance between samples in heparin and EDTA. BNP stability decreased over time in heparin plasma: immunoreactivity decreased approximately by 30% during the first 2 h and by 60% after 8 h.

Conclusions: Heparin plasma does not seem to be a suitable alternative to EDTA plasma for measurement of BNP using the Access 2 system, even if measurements are performed immediately after blood sampling.
Clin Chem Lab Med 2010;48:399–401.
Association of the CD28/CTLA4/ICOS polymorphisms with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Kim Young Ock , Kim Hak Jae , Kim Su Kang , Chung Joo-Ho , Hong Seung-Jae 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackground:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is currently thought to be an immune-mediated disease where the host's genes and environmental factors interact. Some of the immuno-regulatory genes that are responsible for an individual's susceptibility to RA have been identified. The co-stimulatory receptor gene cluster on chromosome 2q33 encodes for both the positive T-cell regulators CD28 molecule (CD28) and inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS), and the negative regulator cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4). TheCTLA4gene has been implicated in several immune-mediated diseases, but it is not known whether RA is associated with any of these genes.Methods:We conducted single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping with direct sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism for 308 Korean patients with RA and 412 healthy control subjects. For the case-control analysis, SNPStats, SNPAnalyzer and Helixtree programs were used.Results:Although none of the polymorphisms inCTLA4showed a significant association with RA, CD28 and ICOS showed a significant association with RA [rs2140148 in CD28, p=0.022, odds ratio (OR)=1.60, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.07–2.40 in the dominant model, rs6726035 in ICOS, p=0.032, OR=1.28, 95% CI=1.02–1.60 in the codominant model].Conclusions:Our results suggest thatCD28andICOSgenes may be associated with a risk of RA in Koreans.Clin Chem Lab Med 2010;48:345–53.
Assay of oxidized fibrinogen reactivity (OFR) as a biomarker of oxidative stress in human plasma: the role of lysine analogs
Authors: Selmeci László , Seres Leila , Székely Mária , Soós Pál , Acsády György 
Published: February 2010

Abstract

Background: There is accumulating evidence that fibrinogen is also a biomarker of oxidative stress in human plasma. Results of in vitro studies demonstrated that fibrinogen can bind to apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)] component of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] through both lysine-sensitive and lysine-insensitive mechanisms. The goal of the present study was to investigate oxidized fibrinogen reactivity (OFR) as a biomarker of oxidative stress in human plasma in the presence and absence of lysine analogs.

Methods: Citrate anticoagulated peripheral venous blood samples were collected from 65 (36 M/29 F) consecutive patients with various peripheral vascular diseases. After centrifugation, the plasma was used promptly. Plasma OFR was determined in duplicate using a recently described kinetic photometric assay (358 nm, 37°C) in the presence and in the absence of lysine analogs.

Results: The inclusion of tranexemic acid (TRA) or ε-aminocaproic acid in the incubation medium resulted in a rapid increase in OFR in a dose-dependent manner. The peak effect was observed at a final concentration of 200 mmol/L TRA. OFR was significantly higher in patient plasma assayed in the presence of TRA compared with no TRA (163.1±73.5 vs. 63.4±20.7 U/L; p<0.0001). Bound OFR was also significantly higher than free OFR (99.7±56.3 vs. 63.4±20.7; p<0.001).

Conclusions: On the basis of the present results it appears that oxidized fibrinogen resides in plasma in two compartments: free and bound to apo(a) of Lp(a). The relatively simple and cost-effective kinetic approach applied in this study makes routine determination of OFR available as a biomarker of oxidative stress, separately in both compartments.
Clin Chem Lab Med 2010;48:379–82.
Performance evaluation of the Abbott RealTime HCV Genotype II for hepatitis C virus genotyping
Authors: Sohn Yong-Hak , Ko Sun-Young , Kim Myeong Hee , Oh Heung-Bum 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackground:The Abbott RealTime hepatitis C virus (HCV) Genotype II (Abbott Molecular Inc.) for HCV genotyping, which uses real-time PCR technology, has recently been developed.Methods:Accuracy and sensitivity of detection were assessed using the HCV RNA PHW202 performance panel (SeraCare Life Sciences). Consistency with restriction fragment mass polymorphism (RFMP) data, cross-reactivity with other viruses, and the ability to detect minor strains in mixtures of genotypes 1 and 2 were evaluated using clinical samples.Results:All performance panel viruses were correctly genotyped at levels of >500 IU/mL. Results were 100% concordant with RFMP genotypic data (66/66). However, 5% (3/66) of the samples examined displayed probable genotypic cross reactivity. No cross reactivity with other viruses was evident. Minor strains in the mixtures were not effectively distinguished, even at quantities higher than the detection limit.Conclusions:The Abbott RealTime HCV Genotype II assay was very accurate and yielded results consistent with RFMP data. Although the assay has the advantages of automation and short turnaround time, we suggest that further improvements are necessary before it is used routinely in clinical practice. Efforts are needed to decrease cross reactivity among genotypes and to improve the ability to detect minor genotypes in mixed infections.Clin Chem Lab Med 2010;48:469–74.
A New Methodology for Predicting Fatigue Properties of Bearing Steels: From X-Ray Micro-Tomography and Ultrasonic Measurements to the Bearing Lives Distribution
Authors: Stienon Alexandre , Fazekas Arnaud , Buffiere Jean-Yves , Daguier Pascal , Merchi Ferhat , Vincent Alain 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
This work aims at developing a new methodology for predicting the distribution of fatigue lives of bearings versus steel microstructure, namely, concentration, morphology, and properties of residual inclusions in steel. On the experimental side, X-ray micro-tomography and high frequency ultrasonic testing are used to provide the required inclusion characteristics. A physically based model is used to compute the number of cycles to crack nucleation and crack propagation up to the surface. For the statistics predictions, the inclusions and/or stringers are distributed randomly in the bearing steel according to the concentration of stringers provided by ultrasonic data. The distributions of the fatigue lives predicted by the model are compared successfully to the experimental distributions determined by fatigue tests performed on flat washer machines. Finally, it is shown that the model is able to predict the influence of the orientation of stringers on the fatigue lives.
The crystal structures of K[NbCl6] · NbCl5 and NO[NbCl6] · NbCl5
Authors: Henke Henning , Mayer Peter 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
The NbCl5 adducts of M[NbCl6] · NbCl5 with M = K or NO are structurally related via their common super group Fmmm. K[NbCl6] · NbCl5 crys tallizes in the triclinic space group C-1 with a = 9.898(1), b = 9.443(1), c = 17.370(1) Å, α = 89.57(1), β = 108.49(1), γ = 90.54(1)° and Z = 4 at room temperature. For the mono clinic nitrosonium compound with space group C2/c X-ray diffraction data have been recorded at 173 K giving a = 9.530(1), b = 9.412(1), c = 33.38(1) Å, β = 92.68(1)° and Z = 8. Layers of NbCl5 dimers alternate with cation-centred double layers of the NbCl6
– ions, oriented parallel to the a–b plane. Com pared to the cubic perovskite SrTiO3, the NbCl6
– ‘octahedra’ of the K+ salt are uniformly rotated by 5° around the stack ing axis. On the contrary, the NO+ salt shows ‘antiferrorotative’ ordering by ±12° in alternate layers. Crystal symmetry and twinning laws reflect the structural differences, but the similarity between both structures prevails.
From Chasm to Conversation: Bridging Divides in Research on Adolescent Literacies
Authors: Clark Caroline T. , Blackburn Mollie V. , Newell George E. 
Published: February 2010

This essay book review of the Handbook of Adolescent Literacy Research and Meeting the Challenge of Adolescent Literacy: Research We Have, Research We Need is framed as an argument for dialogism and understanding across differences in the field of adolescent literacy. We focus on the contents of the two volumes by considering three key issues: sponsorship, identity, and agency. We conclude by offering possibilities for understanding the field of adolescent literacy research as a conversational domain.يتم وضع مراجعة الكتابين البحثية هذه وهما دليل الكتاب لأبحاث تعلم القراءة والكتابة الخاصة بالمراهقين والكتاب مواجهة تحدي تعلم المراهقين: الأبحاث لدينا والأبحاث التي نحتاج إليها في إطار حجة بالحوار والتفاهم عبر الاختلافات في مجال تعلم المراهقين القراءة والكتابة. إذ أننا نركز على محتويات الكتابين من حيث ثلاث مسائل رئيسية: وهي التكفل والهوية والتمكين. وننتهي بتقديم احتمالات لفهم مجال أبحاث تعلم المراهقين القراءة والكتابة كمجال مثير للجدل.本文评论《青少年读写文化研究手册》与《迎接青少年读写文化的挑战：我们有什么研究、我们需要什么研究》这两本书，幷建议在青少年读写领域中提倡对话主义，及从各种差异中寻求相互理解。本文作者就这两本书的内容，考量三个重点：倡议者身分、身分认同及行动性。在结论中，作者提出把青少年读写文化研究理解为对话式的研究领域的可行性。Cette revue des deux essais Manuel de la recherche sur la littératie des adolescents et Relever les défis de la littératie des adolescents: les recherches que nous avons, les recherches qu'il nous faudrait est structurée comme un argumentaire en faveur d'un dialogue et d'une compréhension des différences dans le champ de la littératie des adolescents. Nous nous centrons sur le contenu des deux ouvrages sous trois angles: le financement, l'identité, l'organisation. Nous concluons en ouvrant des perspectives pour comprendre le champ de la recherche sur la littératie des adolescents en tant que lieu d'échanges.Читателям представлен обзор двух книг Руководство для исследователей подростковой грамотности; и Как справиться с трудностями, возникающими при обучении подростков: исследования, которые есть, и исследования, которые нужны. В этом обзоре‐эссе представлены доводы в пользу диалога ученых, который приведет к более глубокому взаимопониманию между всеми, кто работает на ниве подростковой грамотности. Содержание обеих книг рассматривается в трех ключевых аспектах: Кто финансирует исследования? Кто исследует? Как исследует? В заключение мы описываем, как можно перевести исследования подростковой грамотности в поле конструктивных обсуждений.Este ensayo sobre los textos Handbook of Adolescent Literacy Research y Meeting the Challenge of Adolescent Literacy: Research We Have, Research We Need se presenta como un argumento a favor del diálogo y la comprensión de las diferencias en el campo de la alfabetización de adolescentes. Examinamos el contenido de ambos textos manteniendo presente tres temas importantes: el patrocinio, la identidad y la mediación. Al final ofrecemos posibilidades para considerar este campo de investigación como área de conversación.
Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Gene Polymorphisms and Longevity Syndrome
Authors: Kolovou Genovefa , Stamatelatou Marianna , Anagnostopoulou Katherine , Kostakou Peggy , Kolovou Vana , Mihas Constantinos , Vasiliadis Ioannis , Diakoumakou Olga , Mikhailidis Dimitri P , Cokkinos Dennis V 
Published: February 2010

Purpose:High levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are associated with a decreased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Subjects with high levels of HDL cholesterol (>70 mg/dl; 1.79 mmol/l) as well as high levels of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, could represent a group with longevity syndrome (LS). Since HDL particles are influenced by cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity, it is worth studying the CETP polymorphism. The aim of the study was to detect whether 2 genetic variants of the CETP are associated with the LS.Subjects and Methods:The study population consisted of 136 unrelated men and women with no personal and family history of CHD; 69 met the criteria for LS and 67 did not meet these criteria and had “normal” HDL cholesterol (>40 and <70 mg/dl; >1.03 and <1.79 mmol/l). All patients were genotyped for the TaqIB and I405V polymorphisms.Results:The B2 allele frequency of TaqIB polymorphism was higher in the LS in comparison with the non-LS group (p=0.03) whereas B1 allele frequency was higher in the non-LS group (p=0.03).Conclusions:Gene polymorphisms could help decide whether individuals who have increased levels of both LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol require treatment. Some of the prerequisites could include that subjects with LS should not only have very high levels of HDL cholesterol but also favorable gene polymorphisms. However, further investigations with a larger sample and including other gene polymorphisms, are needed.
Patent Pools for ARVs: Industry Perspectives from ASPEN
Authors: Nicolaou Stavros 
Published: February 2010

Affordability through reduced pricing is only one part of enhancing access to treatment in Public Health emergencies: Supply Security and the guarantee of supply consistency is the other.
To the extent that Patent Pooling is able to create Regional African Manufacturing capability, Africans will support the concept. However, to the extent that if further decentralises manufacture away from the continent and increases Africa’s dependence on imports, Patent Pooling can potentially weaken supply security and will continue to relegate Africa a Continent of dependency, rather than one that invests in its own capability.
Patent Pooling, should be viewed guardedly on the African Continent and will only be embraced, provided it is consistent with the AU Heads of State call for an African Manufacturing Plan and Africa’s aspiration to more from “converting charity dollars into sustainable, long term investment dollars”.
Designing ARVs Patent Pool Up to Trade & Policy Evolutionary Dynamics
Authors: Dionisio Daniele , Racalbuto Vincenzo , Messeri Daniela 
Published: February 2010

Patent pools for second and third-line Fixed Dose Combination (FDC) antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) should not be delayed as they are instrumental to urgent public health needs in the under-served markets.
Nonetheless, multinational originator companies still seem to perceive patent pooling for ARVs as a minefield that would offer the generic competitors lots of deeply exploitable opportunities, to the detriment of patent owner’s rights.
This paper analyses the brand industry concerns, while looking for a strategy up to a really equitable and free world market, without any discrimination between end-users in wealthy and resource-limited countries.
This strategy would urge partnerships between originator companies first to make newer FDC ARVs quickly available and allow patent pool agreements with generic counterparts to be negotiated straight afterwards.
The patent pool strategy highlighted in this paper would assert the primacy of health over for-profit policies, while aligning with the 61st WHO’s Assembly recommendations and G7, G8 and World Trade Organisation’s warnings and pledges against trade protectionism.
Effects of remifentanil on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in dogs
Authors: Monteiro Eduardo R. , Teixeira-Neto Francisco J. , Campagnol Daniela , Alvaides Renata K. , Garofalo Natache A. , Matsubara Lídia M. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the effects of remifentanil on isoflurane minimum alveolar concentration (ISOMAC) in dogs.
Animals—6 adult mixed-breed dogs.
Procedures—Dogs were anesthetized with isoflurane on 2 occasions. During the first set of experiments, ISOMAC was determined before remifentanil infusion (baseline), during constant rate infusion (CRI) of remifentanil (0.15, 0.30, 0.60, and 0.90 μg/kg/min), and 80 minutes after remifentanil infusion. After a 1-week washout period, dogs received a CRI of remifentanil (0.15 μg/kg/min) and ISOMAC was redetermined 2, 4, and 6 hours after commencing the infusion.
Results—Mean ± SD baseline ISOMAC was 1.24 ± 0.18%. Remifentanil infusion (0.15, 0.30, 0.60, and 0.90 μg/kg/min) decreased ISOMAC by 43 ± 10%, 59 ± 10%, 66 ± 9%, and 71 ± 9%, respectively. The ISOMAC values determined during the 0.30, 0.60, and 0.90 μg/kg/min infusion rates did not differ from each other, but these values were significantly lower, compared with the 0.15 μg/kg/min infusion rate. The ISOMAC recorded after remifentanil infusion (1.09 ± 0.18%) did not differ from baseline ISOMAC. There was no change in ISOMAC throughout the 6-hour period of a CRI of remifentanil.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Remifentanil decreased ISOMAC in a dose-related fashion; the reduction in ISOMAC was stable over the course of a prolonged CRI (6 hours). A dose of 0.30 μg of remifentanil/kg/min resulted in nearly maximal isoflurane-sparing effect in dogs; a ceiling effect was observed at higher infusion rates.