bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GreenLight HPS laser 120‐W versus diode laser 200‐W vaporization of the prostate: Comparative clinical experience
Authors: Chiang Po Hui , Chen Chien Hsu , Kang Chih Hsiung , Chuang Yao Chi 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveWe present our clinical experiences of two recently introduced vaporization laser systems: the GreenLight High Performance System (HPS) laser (532 nm, 120 W) and the Diolas LFD diode laser (980 nm, 200 W).Materials and MethodsTwo laser systems were evaluated to compare their clinical results for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Patients were treated using either the GreenLight HPS laser (n = 84) or the diode laser (n = 55) in a prospective randomized study. The data of International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), maximum flow rate (Qmax), post‐void residual urine (PVR), and quality of life score (Qols) were recorded at baseline, 1‐, 6‐, and 12‐month follow‐ups. The prostate volume and prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level were assessed at baseline and 6‐month follow‐up. All complications were also recorded.ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference in IPSS, Qmax, PVR, and QoLs in each laser group at the 1‐, 6‐, and 12‐month follow‐ups compared with baseline. There was no statistical significant difference in any of these parameters at any follow‐up interval between each group. The diode laser demonstrates superior hemostatic properties compared with the GreenLight HPS laser. Postoperative incontinence and postoperative irritative symptoms are more pronounced (P < 0.05) after diode laser prostatectomy. Higher incidence of dysuria with sloughing tissues and epididymitis (P < 0.05) is noted after diode laser prostatectomy. Other complications were comparable for both procedures.ConclusionsAlthough both lasers can improve subjective and objective parameters of BPH, both can produce undesired effects. The search for the ideal vaporization laser to treat BPH still continues. Lasers Surg. Med. 42:624–629, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Increasing the efficiency of photodynamic therapy by improved light delivery and oxygen supply using an anticoagulant in a solid tumor model
Authors: Yang Liyong , Wei Yanchun , Xing Da , Chen Qun 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThe main factors in photodynamic therapy (PDT) are: photosensitizer retention, photon absorption, and oxygen supply. Each factor has its unique set of problems that poses limitation to the treatment. Both light delivery and oxygen supply are significant bottlenecks in PDT. Vascular closure during PDT reduces oxygen supply to the targeted tissue. On the other hand, with the changes in blood perfusion, the tissue optical properties change, and result in variation in irradiation light transmission. For these reasons, it becomes very important to avoid blood coagulation and vascular closure during PDT.Study Design/Materials and MethodsThe efficiency of PDT combined with the anticoagulant heparin was studied in a BALB/c mouse model with subcutaneous EMT6 mammary carcinomas. Mice were randomized into three groups: control, PDT‐only, and PDT with heparin. The photosensitizer Photofrin® was used in our experiments. Light transmission, blood perfusion, and local production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were monitored during the treatment. The corresponding histological examinations were performed to determine the thrombosis immediately after irradiation and to evaluate tumor necrosis 48 hours after the treatment.ResultsThe results clearly demonstrated that PDT combined with pre‐administered heparin can significantly reduce thrombosis during light irradiation. The blood perfusion, oxygen supply, and light delivery are all improved. Improved tumor responses in the combined therapy, as shown with the histological examination and tumor growth assay, are clearly demonstrated and related to an increased local ROS production.ConclusionTransitory anticoagulation treatment significantly enhances the antitumor effect of PDT. It is mainly due to the improvement of the light delivery and oxygen supply in tumor, and ultimately the amount of ROS produced during PDT. Lasers Surg. Med. 42:671–679, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enhanced Thermal Diffusivity by Vertical Double Percolation Structures in Polyimide Blend Films Containing Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Yorifuji Daisuke , Ando Shinji 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe thermal diffusivity along the out‐of‐plane direction (D⟂) in polyimide (PI) blend films containing silver nanoparticles (Ag‐NPs) was investigated. PI blend films composed of a sulfur‐ and a fluorine‐containing PI were prepared via spin‐coating and thermal curing of the precursor solutions dissolving silver nitrate. Micro‐phase‐separated structures with a “vertical double percolation (VDP)” morphology were spontaneously formed in the films, in which two phases are separately aligned along the out‐of‐plane direction, and Ag‐NPs were preferentially precipitated in the sulfur‐containing PI phase. The blend films exhibited higher D⟂ values than monophase PI films containing homogeneously dispersed Ag‐NPs. These results indicate that the VDP structure functions as an effective thermal conductive pathway.
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“Tree‐Shaped” Copolymers Based on Poly(ethylene glycol) and Atactic or Isotactic Polylactides: Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: Izzo Lorella , Pappalardo Daniela 
Published: September 2010

Abstract“Tree‐shaped” copolymers constituted by an m‐PEG trunk and poly(L‐lactide) or poly(D,L‐lactide) branches were obtained. The m‐PEG was functionalized at the terminal chain with two (G1) and four (G2) hydroxyl groups, then reacted with Al(CH3)3 to produce aluminum alkoxide species, active as initiators in the ROP of L‐ or D,L‐lactide. Copolymers were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, GPC and DSC, and compared with analogous linear copolymers. Characterization of a low‐molecular‐weight G1 copolymer confirmed the architecture. GPC curves showed monomodal and narrow molecular weight distribution for all the samples, while the melting points of the copolymers seemed more correlated to the architecture than to the composition.magnified image
Alternating Poly(Pt‐salphen)‐(p‐phenyleneethynylene) as Phosphorescent Conjugated Linear‐Rod and Coilable Sensory Materials
Authors: Sun Shenmei , Tong Wah‐Leung , Chan Michael C.W. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractPhosphorescent conjugated polymers consisting of alternating p‐phenylene‐ethynylene and ‘para‐’ or ‘meta‐type’ Pt(II)‐salphen luminophore units have been synthesized. Side‐arms bearing different substituents (n‐alkoxy and acetylated‐sugar) have afforded contrasting emission properties that are attributed to the polymer conformation, extent of π‐stacking interactions and differences in chemical structure. Intriguing selectivity in luminescent sensing of metal ions has been observed.
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Transparent, Versatile Chemical Vapor Sensor Using Supramolecular Assembly of Block Copolymer and Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Kuila Biplab K. , Stamm Manfred 
Published: September 2010

AbstractHere, a simple and novel approach is reported for developing a new class of transparent chemical vapor sensors with a low power consumption, high sensitivity, good selectivity, and excellent environmental stability by depositing multiwalled carbon nanotubes on prepatterned polymer substrates using supramolecular assembly. The patterned polymer substrates were fabricated from block copolymers, whereas the supramolecular assembly between the carbon nanotubes and block copolymer is utilized for the selective localization of carbon nanotubes at the block copolymer–air interface. The thin film devices made from the block copolymer and carbon nanotubes are highly transparent (transmittance > 90%) and respond to a wide range of solvents of different polarity, both hydrophilic and hydrophobic, with good selectivity and fast response time.magnified image
SEIPIN S90L Mutation in an Italian family with CMT2/dHMN and pyramidal signs
Authors: Luigetti M. , Fabrizi G.M. , Madia F. , Ferrarini M. , Conte A. , Delgrande A. , Tonali P.A. , Sabatelli M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractHeterozygous mutations in the Berardinelli–Seip congenital lipodystrophy (BSCL2) gene have been associated with different clinical phenotypes including Silver syndrome/spastic paraplegia 17, distal hereditary motor neuropathy type V, and Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 2 (CMT2) with predominant hand involvement. We studied an Italian family with a CMT2 phenotype with pyramidal signs that had subclinical sensory involvement on sural nerve biopsy. Direct sequencing analysis of the BSCL2 gene in the three affected siblings revealed an S90L mutation. This report confirms the variability of clinical phenotypes associated with a BSCL2 Ser90Leu mutation and describes the first Italian family with this mutation. Muscle Nerve, 2010
Fibulin‐3 is associated with tumour progression and a poor prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinomas and inhibits cell migration and invasion via suppressed AKT activity
Authors: Hwang Chung‐Feng , Chien Chih‐Yen , Huang Shun‐Cheng , Yin Yu‐Fang , Huang Chao‐Cheng , Fang Fu‐Min , Tsai Hsin‐Ting , Su Li‐Jen , Chen Chang‐Han 
Published: September 2010

AbstractNasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is known for its highly metastatic character. Recent advances in diagnosis and treatment have not improved the high mortality rate that is attributable to early metastasis. Although several biomarkers correlate with metastasis and prognosis, the molecular mechanisms of NPC development and progression remain unclear. We demonstrate comprehensively that fibulin‐3 is down‐regulated in NPC. Loss of fibulin‐3 expression is significantly correlated with advanced tumour and lymph node‐metastasis stages, and indicates a poor 5‐year survival rate. Functionally, fibulin‐3 has the ability to suppress cell migration and invasion in NPC cancer cells by decreasing the activity of phospho‐AKT. Conversely, its depletion by fibulin‐3‐mediated siRNAs may elevate phospho‐AKT activity and significantly enhance the ability of NPC cancer cells to migrate and invade. Consistent with this negative association between fibulin‐3 and phospho‐AKT, their expression levels are inversely correlated in NPC specimens by immunohistochemical analysis. Thus, lower fibulin‐3 expression is an important indicator of poor survival. It may also contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies to block the PI3K/AKT pathway in NPC cancer cells. Copyright © 2010 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Oral chelation: Should it be used with young children?
Authors: Mednick Lauren M. , Braunstein Jennifer , Neufeld Ellis 
Published: September 2010

AbstractDeferasirox, the only oral iron chelator approved in the US and Canada, achieved a pediatric label indication down to 2 years of age. FDA‐mandated post‐marketing safety surveillance in children under age 6 is ongoing. We wish to raise a non‐safety‐related concern with deferasirox chelation in very young children (2–5 years old). Specifically, the circumstances required for reliable daily ingestion of deferasirox do not mesh well with the developmental characteristics common in young children, which may limit adherence and cause parental distress. We review developmental challenges associated with oral chelation in this age group and provide suggestions to improve adherence in this population. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:603–605. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Speciation analysis, bioavailability and risk assessment of trace metals in herbal decoctions using a combined technique of in Vitro digestion and biomembrane filtration as sample pretreatment method
Authors: Li Shun‐Xing , Lin Lu‐xiu , Lin Jing , Zheng Feng‐Ying , Wang Qing‐Xiang , Weng Wen 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSample preparation is the first crucial step in the speciation analysis, bioavailability and risk assessment of trace metals in plant samples such as herb and vegetables. Two bionic technologies titled ‘in vitro digestion’ and ‘extraction with biomembrane’ were developed for pre‐treatment of herbal decoction. The decoctions of Aconiteum carmichaeli and Paeonia lactiflora were digested at body temperature, at the acidity of the stomach or intestine and with inorganic and organic materials (digestive enzymes were included for whole‐bionic and excluded for semi‐bionic) found in the stomach or intestine. Being similar to the biomembrane between the gastrointestinal tract and blood vessels, monolayer liposome was used as a biomembrane model. Affinity‐monolayer liposome metals and water‐soluble metals were used for speciation analysis and bioavailability assessment of copper and zinc in herbal decoction. In the decoction of Aconiteum carmichaeli and Paeonia lactiflora, Zn was mainly absorbed in the intestine and Cu was mainly absorbed by both stomach and intestine. The safe dosage for males and females is below 257.1 g/day Aconiteum carmichaeli and 529.4 g/day Paeonia lactiflora. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A method to prevent cross contamination during 2‐DE by β‐amyloid peptides
Authors: Schieb Heinke , Spitzer Philipp , Riess Verena , Wiltfang Jens , Klafki Hans W. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA method for the efficient decontamination of aluminium oxide ceramic 2‐DE focusing trays from β‐amyloid peptides (Aβ) is reported. As these contaminations were resistant to the standard cleaning procedures, additional harsh cleaning steps were necessary for their efficient removal. Our observations suggest that specific surface properties affect the degree of adsorption of the Aβ‐peptides. “Surface catalysed amyloid aggregation” in the aluminium oxide ceramic trays is proposed as a possible underlying mechanism for the occurrence of proteinase K‐resistant forms of Aβ.
Benzoxazine containing polyester thermosets with improved adhesion and flexibility
Authors: Tuzun Alev , Kiskan Baris , Alemdar Neslihan , Erciyes A. Tuncer , Yagci Yusuf 
Published: September 2010

AbstractHigh molecular weight polyesters containing thermally curable benzoxazine units in the main chain have been synthesized. For this purpose, first the diol functional monomer is synthesized through the Mannich and subsequent ring closure reactions of bisphenol‐A, paraformaldehyde, and 5‐amino‐1‐pentanol. Polycondensation of the resulting benzoxazine and pyromellitic dianhydride or 4‐4′‐(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphatalic anhydride with or without dibutyltin laurate yielded the corresponding polyesters with the molecular weights between 5800 and 7000 Da. The structures of the precursor diol monomer and the resulting polyesters are confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis. Curing behavior of both the monomer and polymers has also been studied by differential scanning calorimetry. Flexible films of the polyesters were obtained by solvent casting on tin plates and crosslinked by heating in the absence of any catalyst. The cured films exhibited high flexibility and adhesion on the tin plates as determined by ASTM and DIN tests. Thermal properties of the cured polymers were also investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 4279–4284, 2010
Bioengineering functional copolymers. XV. Synthesis and characterization of poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide‐co‐3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐pyran‐alt‐maleic anhydride)s and their PEO branched derivatives
Authors: Rzayev Zakir M. O. , Türk Mustafa , Uzgören Ayşe 
Published: September 2010

AbstractNovel bioengineering functional terpolymers were synthesized by complex‐radical terpolymerization of N‐isopropylacrylamide (NIPA), 3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐pyran (DHP) and maleic anhydride (MA) with α,α′‐azoisobisbutyronitrile (AIBN) as a radical initiator in 1,4‐dioxane at 65 °C under nitrogen atmosphere. Structure compositions and composition‐property relationships of terpolymers, and the monomer reactivity ratios were investigated by 1H (13C) NMR spectroscopy, DSC and TGA thermal analysis. The monomer reactivity ratios were determined by modified methods of Jaacks and Kelen‐Tudöş using 1H‐NMR analysis data: r1 = 1.14 and r2 = 0.06 (by 1H‐NMR) and r1 = 1.07 and r2 = 0.04 (by N analysis) for NIPA (M1) and MA…DHP (M2) monomer‐monomer complex pair. An α,ω‐hydroxy‐methoxypolyethylene oxide branched derivative was synthesized by grafting (esterification) of anhydride units of the terpolymer. Investigation into the factors affecting the antitumor activity revealed that terpolymers containing a combination of H‐bonded ionizable amide and carboxylic groups exhibited higher antitumor activity, towards SCLC cancer cells. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 4285–4295, 2010
Decoration of Fe3O4 nanoparticles on the surface of poly(acrylic acid) functionalized multi‐walled carbon nanotubes by covalent bonding
Authors: Zhou Hongfu , Zhang Chen , Li Hangquan , Du Zhongjie 
Published: September 2010

AbstractFe3O4 nanoparticles were indirectly implanted onto functionalized multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) leading to a nanocomposite with stronger magnetic performance. Poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) oligomer was first reacted with hydroxyl‐functionalized MWCNTs (MWCNTs‐OH) forming PAA‐grafted MWCNTs (PAA‐g‐MWCNTs). Subsequently, Fe3O4 nanoparticles were attached onto the surface of PAA‐g‐MWCNTs through an amidation reaction between the amino groups on the surface of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and the carboxyl groups of PAA. Fourier transform infrared spectra confirmed that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles and PAA‐g‐MWCNTs were indeed chemically linked. The morphology of the nanocomposites was characterized using transmission electron microscope (TEM). The surface and bulk structure of the nanocomposites were examined using X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The magnetic performance was characterized by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and the magnetic saturation value of the magnetic nanocomposites was 47 emu g−1. The resulting products could be separated from deionized water under an external magnetic field within about 15 s. Finally, the magnetorheological (MR) performances of the synthesized magnetic nanocomposites and pure Fe3O4 nanoparticles were examined using a rotational rheometer. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Investigations of (PVA)0.7(NaBr)0.3(H2SO4)xM solid acid polymer electrolyte using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy
Authors: Aly E. Hassan , Hassan M. A. , Sheha E. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe free‐volumes of solid polymer electrolytes (SPE) were characterized using positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) spectroscopy, FTIR, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques. The SPE based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and sodium bromide (NaBr) complexed with sulfuric acid (SA) H2SO4 at different weight percent ratios were prepared using solution cast technique. The PAL results indicate that a higher SA content (more than 0.87 mol/L) in (PVA)0.7(NaBr)0.3 matrix increase the free‐volume hole size from 58 Å3 to 87 Å3. The increase in the SPE free‐volume with higher SA content was associated with a decrease in the SPE crystallinity. It is postulated that the incorporated SA interrupt polymeric chain packing and retard crystallization during electrolyte films formation. The FTIR spectral studies indicate that the SA content higher than 0.87 mol/L induces chemical modifications within the PVA, which results in chain scission. The PAL study shows that the chain scissions within the polymer matrix affect the free volume hole density (I3) and hence the microstructure. I3 was found to be decreased from ≃11 to ≃6 %, resulting in lower fractional free‐volume holes in the SPE films. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 2038–2044, 2010
Stress, coping, and hope
Authors: Folkman Susan 
Published: September 2010

AbstractHope is discussed in many literatures and from many perspectives. In this essay hope is discussed from the vantage of psychology and stress and coping theory. Hope and psychological stress share a number of formal properties: both are contextual, meaning‐based, and dynamic, and both affect well‐being in difficult circumstances. Two assumptions underlie this essay: (1) hope is essential for people who are coping with serious and prolonged psychological stress; and (2) hope is not a perpetually self‐renewing resource; it has peaks and valleys and is at times absent altogether. The relationship between hope and coping is dynamic and reciprocal; each in turn supports and is supported by the other. This relationship is illustrated with two adaptive tasks common across situations that threaten physical or psychological well‐being—managing uncertainty and coping with a changing reality. The essay describes ways in which coping fosters hope when it is at low ebb as well as ways in which hope fosters and sustains coping over the long term. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Psychosocial interventions as part of breast cancer rehabilitation programs? Results from a systematic review
Authors: Fors Egil A. , Bertheussen Gro F. , Thune Inger , Juvet Lene K. , Elvsaas Ida‐Kristin Ø. , Oldervoll Line , Anker Gun , Falkmer Ursula , Lundgren Steinar , Leivseth Gunnar 
Published: September 2010

AbstractObjective: This systematic review aimed to determine the effectiveness of psychoeducation, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and social support interventions used in the rehabilitation of breast cancer (BC) patients.Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search to identify randomised controlled trials of female BC patients who underwent different psychosocial interventions during or after primary cancer treatment. The methodological quality of all studies was independently assessed by two reviewers. Studies with low quality, less than 20 participants in each group, patients with metastatic cancer, data not presented separately for BC and studies that included other cancer types were excluded.Results: Among 9617 identified studies, only 18 RCTs published between 1999 and 2008, including 3272 patients were finally included in this systematic evaluation. Outcome measures were categorised into quality of life (QoL), fatigue, mood, health behaviour and social function. Six trials examined psychoeducation had inconsistent results, both during and after the primary treatment. Seven trials examined the effect of CBT, four of which given after primary treatment (range 6–12 weeks) demonstrated improvements in QoL; the other three CBT studies given during primary treatment (range 9–20 weeks) had inconsistencies. Five studies addressed social support and showed no conclusive impacts of this intervention.Conclusions: Limited documentation exists on the efficacy of psychosocial rehabilitation interventions among BC patients. However, we found that patients might have QoL benefits from CBT given after primary BC treatment. More documentation is needed regarding the effects of CBT during primary treatment and the effects of psychoeducation and social support. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.