bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vertical ridge augmentation of atrophic posterior mandible using an inlay technique with a xenograft without miniscrews and miniplates: case series
Authors: Scarano Antonio , Carinci Francesco , Assenza Bartolomeo , Piattelli Maurizio , Murmura Giovanna , Piattelli Adriano 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackground: Rehabilitation of partially or totally edentulous posterior mandible with implant‐supported prosthesis has become a common practice in the last few decades, with reliable long‐term results. The use of miniscrews and miniplates have been reported to increase the risk of fracture of the osteotomy segments. The purpose of this case series was to use an inlay technique, without the use of miniscrews and miniplates for stabilization of the transported bone fragments.Materials and methods: Nine consecutive patients (six men and three women) aged between 26 and 51 years (mean 44 years) were enrolled in this study. A horizontal osteotomy was performed 2–3 mm above the mandibular canal, and two oblique cuts were made using a piezosurgery device. The final phase of the osteotomy was performed with chisels. The osteotomized segment was then raised in the coronal direction, sparing the lingual periosteum. Two miniblocks of xenograft without miniscrews and miniplates were inserted mesially and distally between the cranial osteotomized segment and the mandibular basal bone. The residual space was filled with particles of cortico‐cancellous porcine bone. Four months after surgery, a panoramic X‐ray was taken before implant insertion. A bone trephine with an internal diameter of 2 mm was used as the second dental drill to take a bone core biopsy during preparation of the #35 and #37 or #45 and #47 implant sites.Results: The postoperative course was uneventful in seven of the nine patients. No dehiscence of the mucosa was observed at the marginal ridge of the mobilized fragment. Newly formed bone was present near the osteotomized segments, and was observed in the bottom half of the specimens and was identified by its higher affinity toward the staining. Newly formed bone was observed to be in close contact with the particles of biomaterials. No gaps or connective tissue were present at the bone–biomaterial interface. Histomorphometry demonstrated that 44±2.1% of the specimens was composed by newly formed bone, 18±0.8% by marrow spaces, and 33±2.4% by the residual grafted biomaterial.Conclusion: The rigidity of the equine collagenated block allowed to eliminate the use of miniscrews and miniplates and simplified the technique. Moreover, the rigidity of the block allowed maintenance of the space.To cite this article:
Scarano A, Carinci F, Assenza B, Piattelli M, Murmura G, Piattelli A. Vertical ridge augmentation of atrophic posterior mandible using an inlay technique with a xenograft without miniscrews and miniplates: case series. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 22, 2011; 1125–1130 doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.02083.x
Dental students' evaluation of 2 community‐oriented PBL modules
Authors: Pau A. K. H. , Collinson S. , Croucher R. 
Published: January 2011

Objectives. To evaluate dental students' perception of 2 problem‐based learning (PBL) modules in Dental Public Health implemented within the context of a traditional formal curriculum.Methods. 2 dental community modules were implemented with an 8‐month interval between them on the same group of dental undergraduates; the first in Term 2 and the second in Term 4 of a 5‐year 15‐term dental course. At the end of each module, a semi‐structured questionnaire was administered to evaluate the introductory lecture, the fieldwork activity and the organisation of the modules.Results. In both modules, students reported gaining insight into the subject matter, skills in teamwork, making presentations and collecting data. Some students in the 1st module needed more time to fulfil their learning objectives and had difficulty in collecting data. In the 2nd module, students reported that they lacked motivation because of the place of the module within their timetable. Opinions differed about groupwork. The content of and interest generated by fieldwork activity was rated more positively in the 2nd module than the 1st. Less positively rated in the 2nd module was the introductory lecture and module organisation.Conclusions. Implementing PBL within a traditional curriculum does not offer uniform outcomes for students. Optimum group size and adequate time are necessary if students are to benefit from PBL. A consistent and continuous PBL approach should be adopted rather than a sporadic one. Further research should establish the optimum balance between PBL and traditional approaches that would allow students to maximise the benefits of both and to identify those students best equipped to benefit from a ‘mixed economy’ of learning.
Thermal sensory and pain thresholds in the tongue and chin change with age, but are not altered in burning mouth syndrome
Authors: Kaplan Ilana , Levin Tali , Papoiu Alexandru D. P. , Patel Nishel , Patel Tejesh , Calderon Shlomo , Littner Mark , McGlone Francis , Yosipovitch Gil 
Published: January 2011

Background: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic orofacial pain syndrome that occurs in middle‐aged and postmenopausal women and poses a therapeutic challenge to dermatologists and dentists. It has been suggested previously that BMS is a small‐fiber neuropathy.Aims: This study was designed to examine thermal sensory and pain thresholds in the oral mucosa and chin, both innervated by the trigeminal nerve, in patients with BMS, as well as in healthy controls. In addition, the study proposed to examine whether there are any differences in oral thermal and pain sensations between the advanced age group, where BMS is prevalent and a younger group.Results: Thermal and pain thresholds of BMS patients did not differ significantly from those of healthy subjects. An increased threshold to thermal warmth and a decreased threshold for cold sensation for the tongue and chin were noted in the group over 50 years in comparison with younger subjects, indicating a decreased sensitivity to thermal stimuli. The group over 50 years of age displayed an increased sensitivity to cold pain and a decreased sensitivity to hot pain in the tongue (compared with the chin).Conclusion: BMS patients do not demonstrate alterations in thermal and pain detection, thus failing to support a true small nerve neuropathy in this condition.
Cannabinoid Receptor and N‐acyl Phosphatidylethanolamine Phospholipase D—Evidence for Altered Expression in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Zhang Hua , Hilton David A. , Hanemann C. Oliver , Zajicek John 
Published: January 2011

AbstractCannabinoids have been shown to have a beneficial effect in both animal models of multiple sclerosis (MS) and human disease, although the mechanisms of action are unclear. We examined expression of the major cannabinoid receptors [(CBRs) cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) and cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2)] and a key enzyme involved in synthesis of the endocannabinoid anandamide [N‐acyl phosphatidylethanolamine phospholipase D (NAPE‐PLD)] in autopsy brain samples from patients with MS. CB1 was expressed in neurons, injured axons, oligodendrocytes, macrophages/microglia, some astrocytes, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and pericytes. CB2 and NAPE‐PLD were localized to cerebral endothelial cells, pericytes, smooth muscle cells, astrocytes and macrophages/microglia. NAPE‐PLD immunoreactivity was also seen in neurons. Endothelial CB2 expression was greatest in chronic inactive plaques, and in areas was seen in segments of endothelium where the endothelial expression of adhesion molecules (VCAM‐1 and ICAM‐1) was focally undetectable, and was often expressed in areas of blood–brain barrier damage. Vascular density was increased in chronic active plaques and normal‐appearing white matter compared with controls. These data support findings from animal models which suggest a role for the endocannabinoid system in the MS, particularly in the regulation of endothelial leukocyte adhesion and the cellular response to injury.
Beer Volatile Analysis: Optimization of HS/SPME Coupled to GC/MS/FID
Authors: Charry‐Parra Gustavo , DeJesus‐Echevarria Maritza , Perez Fernando J. 
Published: January 2011

Abstract:  A powerful technique was developed for the identification and quantification of 9 volatile compounds of beer, using headspace solid phase micro‐extraction (HS/SPME) and gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer and a flame ionization detector (GC/MS/FID). Optimized parameters included type of fiber, desorption time, and exposure time. Optimization was achieved with standard solutions of the target compounds. All samples were analyzed in triplicate. An exposure time of 45 min with PDMS fiber in the sample headspace was enough to reach equilibrium of the phases. A desorption time of 15 min in the gas chromatograph injector was enough for the fiber to desorb the target compounds. It was found that less polar compounds were more readily absorbed by the fiber (for example, isoamyl acetate) than more polar compounds (for example, acetaldehyde), under the extraction conditions, due to the nature of the fiber. Extraction conditions are important criteria to perform a good quantification of volatile compounds. Concentrations found in sampled beer, for the compounds of interest, ranged between 0.32 and 41.7 ppm. Results show that the reproducibility of the technique depends on the compounds. Esters have higher values (RSD mean value 5.05%) than higher alcohols (RSD mean value 2.5%) and aldehydes (RSD 3.7%). The simplicity of the validated methodology enables its use as a regular quality control procedure for beer flavor analysis.Practical Application:  This study describes a technique successfully used to identify and quantify volatiles of interest in beer that can be used for quality control purposes under normal brewery production conditions. The technique uses a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer with a flame ionization detector.
Subclinical mastitis and associated risk factors on dairy farms in New South Wales
Authors: Plozza K , Lievaart JJ , Potts G , Barkema HW 
Published: January 2011

Objective To determine the current prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SCM) and associated risk factors on dairy farms in New South Wales.Methodology A survey was sent to 382 dairy farmers to acquire information on the relevant risk factors associated with SCM.Results The average herd prevalence of SCM among the 189 respondents (response rate 49.5%) was 29%. Farmers who had herds with a low prevalence (<20% cows with individual somatic cell count (ISCC) >2 × 105 cells/mL) more frequently wore gloves during milking (26% vs 62%), used individual paper towels for udder preparation (16% vs 62%), fed cows directly after milking (47% vs 87%) and more frequently treated cows with high ISCC (69% vs 80%) than farmers who had herds with a high prevalence of SCM (>30% cows with ISCC >2 × 105 cells/mL). The latter more often used selective dry cow therapy (52% vs 24%), compared with low prevalence herds.Conclusion The prevalence of SCM in this cross‐sectional study is comparable or lower than reported in other studies from North America and the European Union. The outcome provides a benchmark for the current focus of the NSW dairy industry on the management practices associated with a low prevalence of SCM, such as wearing gloves, using paper towels and feeding cows directly after milking.
Diastereoselective Self‐aggregation of Synthetic 3‐(1‐Hydroxyethyl)‐bacteriopyrochlophyll‐a as a Novel Photosynthetic Antenna Model Absorbing Near the Infrared Region¶
Authors: Kunieda Michio , Mizoguchi Tadashi , Tamiaki Hitoshi 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACT3‐Deacetyl‐3‐(l‐hydroxyethyl) bacteriopyrochlorophyll‐a (1), 7, 8‐dihydrobacteriochlorophyll‐d possessing 8‐ethyl, 12‐methyl and 174‐phytyl groups, was prepared by modifying naturally occurring bacteriochlorophyll‐a. The synthetic 31‐epimers were separated by high‐performance liquid chromotagraphy, and the absolute configuration at the 31‐position was determined by derivatization of 1 to a structurally determined chlorin. A dichloromethane solution of 31‐R‐1 or 31S‐1 was diluted with a 1000‐fold volume of cyclohexane to give self‐aggregation species absorbing light at a near‐infrared (NIR) region (<910 nm). The resulting Qy maximum in 31R‐1 was 860 nm and redshifted by 2170 cm−1 from the monomeric one, whereas epimeric 31S‐1 showed a less redshifted peak at ca 800 nm, with a small dimeric band around 740 nm. Such visible spectra indicated that 31R/S‐1 formed different supramolecular structures in the self‐aggregates. In contrast, self‐aggregation of the 7, 8‐dehydro‐compound 2, bacteriochlorophyll‐dp, found in natural antennas of photosynthetic green bacteria showed much smaller diastereomeric control. The self‐aggregates of 31R‐1 absorbing light in the NIR region would be models of intrinsic membranous light‐harvesting complexes 1 in photosynthetic purple bacteria as well as extramembranous antennas in green bacteria.
Multichannel Flash Spectroscopy of the Reaction Centers of Wild‐type and Mutant Rhodobacter sphaeroides: BacteriochlorophyllB‐mediated Interaction Between the Carotenoid Triplet and the Special Pair¶†
Authors: Arellano Juan B. , Melø Thor Bernt , Fyfe Paul K. , Cogdell Richard J. , Naqvi K. Razi 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACTMultichannel flash spectroscopy (with microsecond time resolution) has been applied to carotenoid (Car)‐containing and Car‐less reaction centers (RC) of Rhodobacter sphaeroides with a view to investigate the interaction between the Car and its neighboring pigments at room temperature. Under neutral redox potential conditions, where the primary quinone acceptor (QA) is oxidized, the light‐induced spectral changes in the 350–1000 nm region are attributed to the photochemical oxidation of the special pair (denoted here as P870), the generation of P870+QA−, and the attendant electrochromism of adjacent chromophores. A bathochromic shift of <1 nm in the visible absorption region of Car reveals the sensitivity of Car to the P870 photooxidation. Under low redox potential conditions, where QA is reduced, P870 triplets (P870†) are formed. The time‐resolved triplet‐minus‐singlet (TmS) spectrum of Car‐less RC shows a deep bleaching at 870 nm, which belongs to P ‡870, and additional (but smaller) bleaching at 800 nm; the entire spectrum decays at the same rate (with a lifetime of about 50 μs). The bleaching at 800 nm arises from the pigment interaction between P870† and the accessory bacteriochlorophylls on A and B branches (BA, B). In Car containing RC, the TmS spectra of Car are accompanied by two smaller, negative signals—a sharp peak at 809 ± 2 nm and a broad band at 870 nm—which decay at the same rate as the TmS spectrum of Car (ca 10 μs). The former is ascribed to the perturbation, by Car†, of the absorption spectrum of BB; the latter, to the TmS spectrum of P870†, a species that appears to be in approximate thermal equilibrium with Car†. These assignments are consistent with the absorption‐detected magnetic resonance spectra obtained by other workers at low temperatures.
‘A Closet or a Secret Field’: Horace, Protestant Devotion and British Retirement Poetry
Authors: EDSON MICHAEL 
Published: January 2011

AbstractContrary to studies that link British poems celebrating rural retirement with the Latin poetry of Horace, this essay argues that such poems equally reflect the influence of Protestant devotional writing and ritual. Retirement poetry not only appears in religious guidebooks and collections of devotional verse but also shares much of the rhetoric characterising devotional writing of the period. The essay also stresses the importance of taking into account audience, context and function when categorising eighteenth‐century poetry as secular or religious. An appendix lists over 300 retirement poems published in the British Isles between 1690 and 1830.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the paranasal sinuses in two horses
Authors: Kowalczyk L. , Boehler A. , Brunthaler R. , Rathmanner M. , Rijkenhuizen A. B. M. 
Published: January 2011

SummaryThis case report describes the history, clinical findings, diagnostic imaging (including computed tomography), gross pathology and histopathology of 2 cases of squamous cell carcinoma in the paranasal sinuses. Radiography of the skull is a useful tool to detect a mass in the paranasal sinuses, but the position, extent and character of the lesion can be better visualised with computed tomography.
Local Buckling of Tight Fit Liner Pipe
Authors: Focke Eelke S. , Gresnigt Arnold M. , Hilberink Annemiek 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
A promising possibility to reduce costs in pipelines that require corrosion resistant alloys (CRAs) is the use of lined pipe, consisting of a carbon steel outer pipe and a CRA liner pipe. Research has been carried out into the local buckling behavior of the thin walled liner pipe. Important parameters are the wall thickness and material properties of the liner pipe, the contact force between the liner pipe and the outer wall, the coefficient of friction between the two walls, and the imperfections. Local buckling of the liner pipe due to combinations of bending and normal force is one of the failure modes to be considered in offshore installation of line pipe. The results of axial compression tests are presented: on liner pipe only (I), on liner pipe while positioned in the outer pipe (II), and on the joined liner and outer pipe (III). Thanks to the support of the outer pipe, local buckling of the liner pipe occurs at much higher stresses and strains than without that support. The measured buckling strains of the tests on liner pipe only (I) are in reasonable agreement with local buckling equations. Finite element calculation results are presented and compared with test results. The influence of the determining parameters for the different load cases is discussed.
Human Papillomavirus 16 (HPV 16) and HPV 18 Antibody Responses Measured by Pseudovirus Neutralization and Competitive Luminex Assays in a Two- versus Three-Dose HPV Vaccine Trial
Authors: Krajden Mel , Cook Darrel , Yu Amanda , Chow Ron , Mei Wendy , McNeil Shelly , Money Deborah , Dionne Marc , Karunakaran Karuna P. , Palefsky Joel M. , Dobson Simon , Ogilvie Gina , Petric Martin 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACT

Human papillomavirus 16 (HPV 16) and HPV 18 antibody responses in a 2- versus 3-dose HPV vaccine (Gardasil) trial were measured by a pseudovirus neutralizing antibody (PsV NAb) assay and by the Merck competitive Luminex immunoassay (cLIA). Eight hundred twenty-four female subjects assigned to three dosing regimens (group 1, 9 to 13 years old; 2 doses, months 0 and 6 [
n
= 259]; group 2, 9 to 13 years old; 3 doses, months 0, 2, and 6 [
n
= 260]; group 3, 16 to 26 years old; 3 doses, months 0, 2, and 6 [
n
= 305]) had postvaccine responses assessed 1 month after the last dose. Of 791 subjects with baseline and 7-month sera, 15 (1.9%) and 9 (1.1%) were baseline seropositive for HPV 16 and HPV 18, respectively. All baseline-seronegative vaccinees seroconverted to both HPV 16 and HPV 18. Mean anti-HPV 16 levels were similar for groups 1 and 2 (for PsV NAb,
P
= 0.675; for cLIA,
P
= 0.874), and levels for both groups 1 and 2 were approximately 2-fold higher than that for group 3 (for PsV NAb and cLIA,
P
< 0.001). Mean anti-HPV 18 levels were approximately 1.4-fold lower in group 1 than in group 2 (for PsV, NAb
P
= 0.013; for cLIA,
P
= 0.001), and levels for both groups 1 and 2 were approximately 2.0- to 2.5-fold higher than that for group 3 (for PsV NAb and cLIA,
P
< 0.001). Pearson correlation coefficients for the assays were 0.672 for HPV 16 and 0.905 for HPV 18. Most of the discordant results were observed at lower cLIA signals. These results suggest that the PsV NAb assay could be a suitable alternative to cLIA for the measurement of postvaccine antibody responses.
Serum Antibody Kinetics following Nasal or Parenteral Challenge with Meningococcal Polysaccharide in Healthy Adults
Authors: Findlow H. , Borrow R. , Hardelid P. , Newton E. , Frankland S. , Naylor S. , Miller E. , Kaczmarski E. , Read R. C. 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACT
Limited data are available on the kinetics of meningococcal serogroup C (MenC)-specific antibody responses following parenteral or nasal challenge in those who have received prior MenC vaccination (polysaccharide or conjugate). Young adults who had previously received either meningococcal A/C polysaccharide (MACP) or MenC conjugate (MCC) vaccine or naïve subjects were challenged with MACP via one of two routes, nasal or parenteral. Blood samples were taken prevaccination and on days 1 to 4 and day 10 postvaccination. MenC serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) and MenC-specific IgG were measured. Following parenteral challenge, MenC SBA and IgG responses were seen to occur between 4 and 7 days postchallenge. A lower proportion of subjects responded following nasal challenge, with naïve subjects showing little change in SBA geometric mean titer (GMT) and IgG geometric mean concentration (GMC) over the 10 days following challenge. Increases in SBA GMTs were seen between 4 and 7 days after nasal challenge in those who had received prior MCC and between 7 and 10 days in those who had received prior MACP, and the responses in the prior-MACP group were of lower magnitude than the responses of the prior-MCC group. The data presented here indicate that, following MCC vaccination, memory has been induced at the mucosal level, and these subjects were able to respond with increases in SBA levels. These results demonstrate that the speed of response (primary or secondary) to challenge with MenC polysaccharide via the nasal or parenteral route does not differ and support concerns that immunological memory alone is too slow to provide protection.
Nucleic Acid Amplification of the
opa
Gene for Detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Experience from a Diagnostic Laboratory
Authors: Maze M. J. , Young Sheryl , Creighton Julie , Anderson Trevor , Werno Anja 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACT

We report results of
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) with the Abbott
m
2000 PCR at a tertiary laboratory 6 months after its introduction. Of 5,475 specimens tested, 45 samples (0.82%) tested positive for
N. gonorrhoeae
. Eight were not cultured, but seven tested positive with a
porA
pseudogene NAAT.
Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis of Enterobius vermicularis and Development of an 18S Ribosomal DNA-Targeted Diagnostic PCR
Authors: Zelck Ulrike E. , Bialek Ralf , Weiß Michael 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACT

We genetically characterized pinworms obtained from 37 children from different regions of Germany and established new species-specific molecular diagnostic tools. No ribosomal DNA diversity was found; the phylogenetic position of
Enterobius vermicularis
within the Oxyurida order and its close relationship to the Ascaridida and Spirurida orders was confirmed.