bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Impression Procedures for Distal Extension Removable Partial Dentures
Authors: Tavane Pradeep N , Abraham Sathish , Madihalli Anand U , Yadav Naveen S , Reddy P Manoranjan , Baiju G 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTAimThis study was carried out with the purpose of comparing three impression methods as to which of them placed tissues most favorably.MethodsThe methods used were Hindels method, selective tissue placement method and functional reline method. The measurements obtained were analyzed to determine which of the three impression methods placed the mucosal tissues maximally. To compare and measure tissue placements, autopolymerizing acrylic resin platforms were constructed to the height of the occlusal surfaces of the remaining teeth. 15 orthodontic buccal tubes were placed on each side of the platform. They were arranged in three sets of five and attached to the platform over selected reference regions by means of autopolymerizing resin. The selected reference areas were in anterior, middle and posterior areas of the ridge on either side.ResultsNo significant difference was seen in tissue placement in the anterior middle and posterior regions in each of the three methods when each method was assessed separately. Selective tissue placement method placed the tissues maximally (7.547 mm) followed by Hindels method (7.2110 mm) and the least placement was by functional reline method (5.856 mm). Tissue placement was significantly higher in Hindels method as compared to functional reline method (p < 0.001).ConclusionTissue placement was maximum in the posterior region, followed by the middle region and least in the anterior region of the mandibular ridge for all three methods. Selective tissue placement method showed the maximum overall tissue placement followed by the Hindels method and minimum placement was by functional reline method.Clinical significanceSelective tissue placement method provided maximum overall tissue placement and can be a preferred technique for impression making for bilateral distal extension removable partial denture fabrication.How to cite this articleMadihalli AU, Tavane PN, Yadav NS, Abraham S, Reddy PM, Baiju G. A Comparative Study of Impression Procedures for Distal Extension Removable Partial Dentures. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(5):333-338.
Analysis of the Properties of Dental Cements after Exposure to Incubation Media containing Streptococcus mutans
Authors: de Menezes Fernando Carlos Hueb , Júnior Geraldo Thedei , de Oliveira Wildomar José , de Paiva Paulino Tony , de Moura Marcelo Boaventura , da Silva Igor Lima , de Moura Marcos Boaventura 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT

Aim
Indirect restorations are increasingly used in dentistry, and the cementation interface is possibly the most critical region of the work. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the influence of exposure to a culture medium containing S. mutans on the hardness and solubility of four different cementing agents (zinc phosphate, glass ionomer, glass ionomer modified with resin and resin cement).

Materials and methods
Test specimens composed of these cements were exposed for 30 days in a culture medium containing S. mutans. After leaching, the test materials were assessed in terms of their solubility (loss of mass) and Knoop (KHN) microhardness. Changes in surface morphology were identified using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Results
The resin cement showed no significant solubility and its hardness increased following exposure and leaching, while the zinc phosphate cement was the most soluble and its hardness decreased after exposure to the culture medium. SEM analyses identified morphological alterations on the surfaces of the test materials that were compatible with the solubility results.

Conclusion
It is concluded that resinous cements perform better than water-based cements when exposed to acidic conditions.

Clinical significance
The effects of acids from Streptococcus mutans can interfere with the efficiency and properties of some cements used for fixation of indirect restorations, exposed to the buccal environment.

How to cite this article
de Menezes FCH, Júnior GT, de Oliveira WJ, de Paiva Paulino T, de Moura MB, da Silva IL, de Moura MB. Analysis of the Properties of Dental Cements after Exposure to Incubation Media containing Streptococcus mutans. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(5):385-391.
La Universidad desde una Perspectiva Cosmopolita
Authors: Kemp Peter 
Published: January 2012

Le but de cet article est de montrer pourquoi les sciences humaines sont plus nécessaires que jamais dans le cadre de l'enseignement à l'Université dans notre âge cosmopolite contemporaine. Nous avons besoin des sciences humaines, si nos établissements d'enseignement sont engagé à surmonter les menaces de politiciens bornés et des exécutifs afin de réduire l'éducation dans les écoles et les universités à une simple instruction en gestion sans orientation des cultures du monde exprimée dans l'art et la littérature, la connaissance de langues, d'histoire et de la philosophie. Par conséquent, j'utilise les travaux théoriques de Paul Ricœur par rapport aux institutions d’éducation justes et éthiques, comme point de départ de ces arguments.
Bacterial proteins: A new class of cancer therapeutics
Authors: Chakrabarty Ananda Mohan 
Published: January 2012

Cancer is a complex disease with a network of multiple metabolic pathways that are interlinked to promote growth and resist immune surveillance.Â Such a network is efficiently maintained through acquisition of multiple mutations in the human genome that result in the escape from normal cellular growth regulation and formation of lumps ofÂ fast growing cells known as tumors.Â The varied pathways through which cancer cells grow and inhibit their own cell death have made it difficult to develop effective drugs either to prevent the emergence of tumors or to check their rapid growth.Â Current anticancer drugs are either small molecules or monoclonal antibodies that target and inhibit a key important step in cancer progression pathway, thereby significantly inhibiting their proliferation.Â No effective drug or vaccine exists to prevent cancer initiation and drug resistance and toxicity are major problems in cancer chemotherapy.Â This article describes recent attempts to develop bacterial proteins that are used as weapons by certain pathogenic bacteria with long term residence in human bodies to prevent invasion of their habitat by invaders such as cancers, viruses or parasites.Â In one instance, such a protein, termed azurin, has been shown not only to have entry specificity in cancer cells and prevent cancer cell growth by interfering in multiple pathways by which cancer cells grow, but also to prevent induction of pre-cancerous lesion formation triggered by a potent carcinogen.Â A 28 amino acid peptide derived from azurin, p28, also shows similar anticancer and cancer preventive activity.Â In phase I human clinical trials, chemically-synthesized p28 has shown very little toxicity but significant beneficial effects, including partial and sometimes complete regression of metastatic refractory solid tumors in 15 advanced stage (stage IV) cancer patients where no conventional drugs were working.Â A second such protein, termed ATP-01, very different from azurin and obtained from a different bacterium, has shown similar anticancer and anti-HIV/AIDS activity and a 30 amino acid peptide derived from it has anticancer activity similar to p28.Â It would be of great interest to test these two proteins, should they prove to be non-toxic and non-immunogenic in humans, and the peptides derived from them, for their efficacy in cancer therapy and prevention.Â Such efficacies can be tested, singly or in combination, in vulnerable people such as people with predisposition to cancer (women with BRCA1/2 mutations, for example) or in HIV/AIDS patients with Kaposiâ€™s sarcoma or other forms of cancer.
Megalencephaly‐capillary malformation (MCAP) and megalencephaly‐polydactyly‐polymicrogyria‐hydrocephalus (MPPH) syndromes: Two closely related disorders of brain overgrowth and abnormal brain and body morphogenesis
Authors: Mirzaa Ghayda M. , Conway Robert L. , Gripp Karen W. , Lerman‐Sagie Tally , Siegel Dawn H. , deVries Linda S. , Lev Dorit , Kramer Nancy , Hopkins Elizabeth , Graham John M. , Dobyns William B. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe macrocephaly‐capillary malformation syndrome (M‐CM), which we here propose to rename the megalencephaly‐capillary malformation syndrome (MCAP; alternatively the megalencephaly‐capillary malformation‐polymicrogyria syndrome), and the more recently described megalencephaly‐polymicrogyria‐polydactyly‐hydrocephalus syndrome (MPPH) are two megalencephaly (MEG) disorders that involve a unique constellation of physical and neuroimaging anomalies. We compare the features in 42 patients evaluated for physical and neuroimaging characteristics of MCAP and MPPH and propose a more global view of these syndromes based on classes of developmental abnormalities that include primary MEG and growth dysregulation, developmental vascular anomalies (primarily capillary malformations), distal limb anomalies (such as syndactyly and polydactyly), cortical brain malformations (most distinctively polymicrogyria, PMG), and variable connective tissue dysplasia. Based on these classes of developmental abnormalities, we propose that MCAP diagnostic criteria include progressive MEG with either vascular anomalies or syndactyly. In parallel, we propose that MPPH diagnostic criteria include progressive MEG and PMG, absence of the vascular anomalies and syndactyly characteristic of MCAP, and absence of brain heterotopia. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mechanical, flammability, and crystallization behavior of polypropylene composites reinforced by aramid fibers
Authors: Chen Xiaosui , Zhang Sheng , Xu Guozhi , Zhu Xinjun , Liu Wei 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIn this article, we report the mechanical and thermal properties, together with the crystallization and flammability behaviors, of pure polypropylene (PP) and PP/aramid fiber (AF) composites with AF loadings of 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 wt %. The mechanical properties of the samples were evaluated by tensile and izod notched impact tests, and the results show that the tensile strength of the composites could reach up to 67.8 MPa and the izod notched impact strength could rise to 40.1 kJ/m2. The structure and morphology were observed by scanning electron microscopy and polarized optical microscopy, respectively. This demonstrated that a solid interface adhesion between the matrix and fibers was formed. The thermal and crystalline behaviors of the PP/AF composites were also investigated by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry analysis, and the results show that the char residue of the PP/AF composites improved greatly with increasing AF loading, and the highest value could reach up to 23.7% in the presence of 40 wt % AF. The supercooling degree, initial crystallization temperature, and crystallization percentage were used to characterize the crystallization behavior of the PP/AF composites, and the results indicate that the AFs had positive effects on the promotion of PP nucleation, which can usually improve the mechanical properties of composites. Moreover, the flammability analysis of the PP/AF composites demonstrated that the presence of AFs could significantly decrease the peak heat release rate and the total heat release and reduce the melt‐dripping of the PP/AF composites. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Dihydropyrimidiones via Environmentally Friendly Enzyme‐Catalyzed Biginelli Reaction.
Authors: Li Wanmei , Zhou Guobin , Zhang Pengfei , Lai Yifeng , Xu Shifu 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA mild and simple multicomponent synthesis of the title compounds (IV) is presented.
The Ciliary Cytoskeleton
Authors: Pedersen Lotte B. , Schrøder Jacob M. , Satir Peter , Christensen Søren T. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractCilia and flagella are surface‐exposed, finger‐like organelles whose core consists of a microtubule (MT)‐based axoneme that grows from a modified centriole, the basal body. Cilia are found on the surface of many eukaryotic cells and play important roles in cell motility and in coordinating a variety of signaling pathways during growth, development, and tissue homeostasis. Defective cilia have been linked to a number of developmental disorders and diseases, collectively called ciliopathies. Cilia are dynamic organelles that assemble and disassemble in tight coordination with the cell cycle. In most cells, cilia are assembled during growth arrest in a multistep process involving interaction of vesicles with appendages present on the distal end of mature centrioles, and addition of tubulin and other building blocks to the distal tip of the basal body and growing axoneme; these building blocks are sorted through a region at the cilium base known as the ciliary necklace, and then transported via intraflagellar transport (IFT) along the axoneme toward the tip for assembly. After assembly, the cilium frequently continues to turn over and incorporate tubulin at its distal end in an IFT‐dependent manner. Prior to cell division, the cilia are usually resorbed to liberate centrosomes for mitotic spindle pole formation. Here, we present an overview of the main cytoskeletal structures associated with cilia and centrioles with emphasis on the MT‐associated appendages, fibers, and filaments at the cilium base and tip. The composition and possible functions of these structures are discussed in relation to cilia assembly, disassembly, and length regulation. © 2012 American Physiological Society.Compr Physiol2:779‐803, 2012.
Inverse relationship of serum adiponectin concentration with type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence in middle‐aged Japanese workers: six‐year follow‐up
Authors: Li Yuanying , Yatsuya Hiroshi , Iso Hiroyasu , Toyoshima Hideaki , Tamakoshi Koji 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackground It was suggested that inflammation may mediate or modify biological effects of adiponectin. Few studies examined the association between circulating adiponectin levels and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) while controlling for variables related to inflammation. In addition, East Asians were reported to have lower adiponectin levels but higher diabetes prevalence at a given degree of obesity than Caucasians, raising some possibility that the adiponectin–diabetes association may differ by race. Therefore, we prospectively investigated the associations with a number of covariates including C‐reactive protein and smoking status in a cohort of Japanese workers aged 35–66 years.Methods Serum adiponectin concentration and other covariates were obtained in 2002 for 3008 civil servants free of T2DM at baseline in urban/suburban Japan. T2DM incidence was defined as the year when annually assessed fasting blood glucose level first exceeded 126 mg/dL or self‐reported initiation of medication through 2007. T2DM incidence was examined in relation to the adiponectin quintile.Results Age‐ and sex‐adjusted homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance was inversely associated with adiponectin quintiles at baseline. During six years of follow‐up, 164 individuals developed T2DM. In a fully adjusted model, hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of T2DM in Q2 to Q5 compared with that in Q1 were 0.62 (0.41–0.94), 0.44 (0.25–0.77), 0.40 (0.20–0.78) and 0.85 (0.48–1.49), respectively.Conclusions Low adiponectin was related to increased incidence of T2DM independent of baseline levels of blood glucose, insulin and C‐reactive protein as well as other confounding variables in middle‐aged Japanese. Whether high adiponectin is linearly associated with decreased T2DM risk needs further investigation. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Genotoxic stress and activation of novel DNA repair enzymes in human endothelial cells and in the retinas and kidneys of streptozotocin diabetic rats
Authors: Wang Chunyan , George Biju , Chen Shali , Feng Biao , Li Xiaokun , Chakrabarti Subrata 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackgroundMammalian excision repair cross‐complementing 1 (ERCC1) and ERCC4 (a.k.a xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group F) are nucleotide excision repair enzymes, which excise the 5′ end of damaged DNA. ERCC1 and ERCC4 have an interactive relationship with poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase (PARP). We studied the role of ERCC1 and ERCC4 in glucose‐induced extracellular matrix protein production in human endothelial cells and in the retinas and kidneys of streptozotocin diabetic rats.MethodsHuman umbilical vein endothelial cells were grown with low (5 mM) and high glucose (25 mM). The cells were subjected to ERCC1 and ERCC4 small interfering RNA transfections, PARP blocker (3‐aminobenzamide, ABA) and p300 blocker (curcumin). Retinas and kidneys from 1‐month‐old streptozotocin diabetic rats with or without treatment with curcumin and ABA were examined. Cells and tissues were studied for oxidative stress markers, fibronectin, ERCC1 and ERCC4, PARP and p300 mRNA. Western blot of nuclear proteins was performed.ResultsERCC1 and ERCC4 messenger RNA and protein levels were higher in high glucose than in low glucose, along with increasing oxidative stress and augmented p300 and fibronectin production. ABA, curcumin, ERCC1 and ERCC4 silencing reduced such upregulations and oxidative stress. Similar changes were seen in the kidneys and retinas of diabetic rats. ABA and curcumin treatment significantly reduced such changes.ConclusionsThese data indicate that glucose‐induced ERCC1 and ERCC4 upregulation leads to increased fibronectin production via a p300‐dependent pathway in umbilical endothelial cells, as well as in the retina and in the kidneys of streptozotocin diabetic rats. ERCC1 and ERCC4 may play important roles in the development of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electrophoretic separations in poly(dimethylsiloxane) microchips using a mixture of ionic and zwitterionic surfactants
Authors: Guan Qian , Noblitt Scott D. , Henry Charles S. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe use of mixtures of ionic and zwitterionic surfactants in poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microchips is reported. The effect of surfactant concentration on electroosmotic flow (EOF) was studied for a single anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS), a single zwitterionic surfactant (N‐tetradecylammonium‐N,N‐dimethyl‐3‐ammonio‐1‐propanesulfonate, TDAPS), and a mixed SDS/TDAPS surfactant system. SDS increased the EOF as reported previously while TDAPS showed an initial increase in EOF followed by a reduction at higher concentrations. When TDAPS was added to a solution containing SDS, the EOF decreased in a concentration‐dependent manner. The EOF for all three surfactant systems followed expected pH trends, with increasing EOF at higher pH. The mixed surfactant system allowed tuning of the EOF across a range of pH and concentration conditions. After establishing the EOF behavior, the adsorption/desorption kinetics were measured and showed a slower adsorption/desorption rate for TDAPS than SDS. Finally, the separation and electrochemical detection of model catecholamines in buffer and reduced glutathione in red blood cell lysate using the mixed surfactant system were explored. The mixed surfactant system provided shorter analysis times and/or improved resolution when compared to the single surfactant systems.
Systematic comparison of technical details in CBB methods and development of a sensitive GAP stain for comparative proteomic analysis
Authors: Wang Xuchu , Wang Dongyang , Wang Dan , Wang Haiyan , Chang Lili , Yi Xiaoping , Peng Ming , Guo Anping 
Published: January 2012

AbstractConsidering the importance of CBB staining in visualizing proteins in 2‐DE gels, any improvement in the existing protocols with high sensitivity and good MS compatibility is of significant importance. In this study, we systematically evaluated the effects of different staining parameters on CBB methods by 1‐DE and 2‐DE, and demonstrated that G‐250 was more suitable for visualizing low‐abundant proteins as well as generating more spots than R‐250, whereas R‐250 had a superior capability for quick staining of high‐abundant proteins. The staining produced by mixing G‐250 and R‐250 in different ratios showed similar sensitivity. Compared with acetic acid, phosphoric acid produced more protein spots. Ammonium‐based stain demonstrated a superior sensitivity than the aluminum‐based one. Based on these findings, a new protocol using CBB G‐250, ammonium sulfate and phosphoric acid (GAP) was developed by incorporating the fixation, sensitization and staining procedures together. The comparison of GAP with other methods revealed that GAP generated more protein spots and had wider applications. The identification of 11 proteins demonstrated that GAP was not only compatible with MS but also obviously reduced in vitro protein modification, and thus could be a preferable protocol in the future proteomic analysis.
Agarose gel electrophoresis reveals structural fluidity of a phage T3 DNA packaging intermediate
Authors: Serwer Philip , Wright Elena T. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWe find a new aspect of DNA packaging‐associated structural fluidity for phage T3 capsids. The procedure is (i) glutaraldehyde cross‐linking of in vivo DNA packaging intermediates for the stabilization of structure and then (ii) determining effective radius by two‐dimensional agarose gel electrophoresis (2D‐AGE). The intermediates are capsids with incompletely packaged DNA (ipDNA) and without an external DNA segment; these intermediates are called ipDNA‐capsids. We initially increase the production of ipDNA‐capsids by raising NaCl concentration during in vivo DNA packaging. By 2D‐AGE, we find a new state of contracted shell for some particles of one previously identified ipDNA‐capsid. The contracted shell‐state is found when the ipDNA length/mature DNA length (F) is above 0.17, but not at lower F. Some contracted‐shell ipDNA‐capsids have the phage tail; others do not. The contracted‐shell ipDNA‐capsids are explained by premature DNA maturation cleavage that makes accessible a contracted‐shell intermediate of a cycle of the T3 DNA packaging motor. The analysis of ipDNA‐capsids, rather than intermediates with uncleaved DNA, provides a simplifying strategy for a complete biochemical analysis of in vivo DNA packaging.