bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imitation of emotion: When meaning leads to aversion
Authors: van der Velde Sytske W. , Stapel Diederik A. , Gordijn Ernestine H. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractCan imitation lead to less liking? Previous research on mimicry and imitation suggests that imitation should lead to more liking, at least when it concerns neutral behaviours. In the present studies, we looked at behaviour with a clear message: Facial expressions. As predicted, we found in two studies that an affiliative facial expression (happiness) leads to more liking when imitated, whereas a non‐affiliative facial expression (anger) leads to less liking when imitated. Thus, imitating someone does not always lead to more liking: Imitating behaviour that communicates an unfriendly message can have negative consequences. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Population structure of common shrubs and trees in Wadi Allaqi Biosphere Reserve, South‐East Egypt
Authors: Shaltout K. H. , Sheded M. G. , Salem A. H. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe aim of the present study is to analyze the structure of the populations of eight common shrubs and trees in Wadi Allaqi Biosphere Reserve (South‐East Egypt) through demographic survey of the plants. This study is special important for the populations of trees and shrubs that are continuously subjected to overuses such as cutting, overgrazes and other constraints. For achieving this, 112 stands were selected at 19 locations distributes in the upstream, midstream and downstream parts, including the different Wadi tributaries. The locations and stands were selected to present a wide range of physiographic and environmental variation in each tributary. In each location, sampling stands were situated randomly. For each species in each stand, the height and several crown diameters of each individual depending on its uniformity were measured. The size frequency distributions of Acacia ehrenbergiana, Tamarix nilotica, Salsola imbricata and Leptadenia pyrotechnica populations were either inverse‐J‐shaped or positively skewed which may represent rapidly growing populations with high reproductive capacity. Such distributions may also indicate a high juvenile mortality. In these populations, the younger individuals are preponderant than the older ones, which is an indication of strength and success of the species, it is mostly due to victorious germination and survival of seedlings. On contrast, the other four species, Acacia tortilis subsp. raddiana, Calotropis procera, Acacia tortilis subsp. tortilis and Balanites aegyptiaca have a tendency towards the J‐shaped or negatively skewed distribution. Such distributions characterize the declining population of limited regenerations capacity (the population has higher proportions of large individuals than the smaller ones). (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Associative recognition and the hippocampus: Differential effects of hippocampal lesions on object‐place, object‐context and object‐place‐context memory
Authors: Langston Rosamund F. , Wood Emma R. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe hippocampus is thought to be required for the associative recognition of objects together with the spatial or temporal contexts in which they occur. However, recent data showing that rats with fornix lesions perform as well as controls in an object‐place task, while being impaired on an object‐place‐context task (Eacott and Norman (2004) J Neurosci 24:1948–1953), suggest that not all forms of context‐dependent associative recognition depend on the integrity of the hippocampus. To examine the role of the hippocampus in context‐dependent recognition directly, the present study tested the effects of large, selective, bilateral hippocampus lesions in rats on performance of a series of spontaneous recognition memory tasks: object recognition, object‐place recognition, object‐context recognition and object‐place‐context recognition. Consistent with the effects of fornix lesions, animals with hippocampus lesions were impaired only on the object‐place‐context task. These data confirm that not all forms of context‐dependent associative recognition are mediated by the hippocampus. Subsequent experiments suggested that the object‐place task does not require an allocentric representation of space, which could account for the lack of impairment following hippocampus lesions. Importantly, as the object‐place‐context task has similar spatial requirements, the selective deficit in object‐place‐context recognition suggests that this task requires hippocampus‐dependent neural processes distinct from those required for allocentric spatial memory, or for object memory, object‐place memory or object‐context memory. Two possibilities are that object, place, and context information converge only in the hippocampus, or that recognition of integrated object‐place‐context information requires a hippocampus‐dependent mode of retrieval, such as recollection. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Spatial delineation of soil erosion vulnerability in the Lake Tana Basin, Ethiopia
Authors: Setegn Shimelis G. , Srinivasan Ragahavan , Dargahi Bijan , Melesse Assefa M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe main objective of this study was to identify the most vulnerable areas to soil erosion in the Lake Tana Basin, Blue Nile, Ethiopia using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), a physically based distributed hydrological model, and a Geographic Information System based decision support system that uses multi‐criteria evaluation (MCE). The SWAT model was used to estimate the sediment yield within each sub‐basin and identify the most sediment contributing areas in the basin. Using the MCE analysis, an attempt was made to combine a set of factors (land use, soil, slope and river layers) to make a decision according to the stated objective. On the basis of simulated SWAT, sediment yields greater than 30 tons/ha for each of the sub‐basin area, 18·4% of the watershed was determined to be high erosion potential area. The MCE results indicated that 12–30·5% of the watershed is high erosion potential area. Both approaches show comparable watershed area with high soil erosion susceptibility. The output of this research can aid policy and decision makers in determining the soil erosion ‘hot spots’ and the relevant soil and water conservation measures. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Artificial neural network modelling of concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and dissolved oxygen in a non‐point source polluted river in Zhejiang Province, southeast China
Authors: Chen Dingjiang , Lu Jun , Shen Yena 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA back‐propagation algorithm neural network (BPNN) was developed to synchronously simulate concentrations of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and dissolved oxygen (DO) in response to agricultural non‐point source pollution (AGNPS) for any month and location in the Changle River, southeast China. Monthly river flow, water temperature, flow travel time, rainfall and upstream TN, TP and DO concentrations were selected as initial inputs of the BPNN through coupling correlation analysis and quadratic polynomial stepwise regression analysis for the outputs, i.e. downstream TN, TP and DO concentrations. The input variables and number of hidden nodes of the BPNN were then optimized using a combination of growing and pruning methods. The final structure of the BPNN was determined from simulated data based on experimental data for both the training and validation phases. The predicted values obtained using a BPNN consisting of the seven initial input variables (described above), one hidden layer with four nodes and three output variables matched well with observed values. The model indicated that decreasing upstream input concentrations during the dry season and control of NPS along the reach during average and flood seasons may be an effective way to improve Changle River water quality. If the necessary water quality and hydrology data are available, the methodology developed here can easily be applied to other case studies. The BPNN model is an easy‐to‐use modelling tool for managers to obtain rapid preliminary identification of spatiotemporal water quality variations in response to natural and artificial modifications of an agricultural drainage river. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The role of the intravascular microenvironment in spontaneous metastasis development
Authors: Zhang Qingbei , Yang Meng , Shen Jikun , Gerhold Lynnette M. , Hoffman Robert M , Xing H.Rosie 
Published: October 2009

AbstractMetastasis is primarily responsible for the morbidity and mortality of cancer. Improved therapeutic outcomes and prognosis depend on improved understanding of mechanisms regulating the establishment of early metastasis. In this study, use of green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐expressing PC‐3 orthotopic model of human prostate cancer and two complementary fluorescence in vivo imaging systems (Olympus OV100 and VisEn FMT) allowed for the first time real‐time characterization of cancer cell–endothelium interactions during spontaneous metastatic colonization of the liver and lung in live mice. We observed that prior to the detection of extra‐vascular metastases, GFP‐expressing PC‐3 cancer cells resided initially inside the blood vessels of the liver and the lung, where they proliferated and expressed Ki‐67 and exhibited matrix metalloprotenases (MMP) activity. Thus, the intravascular cancer cells produced their own microenvironment, where they could continue to proliferate. Extravasation occurred earlier in the lung than in the liver. Our results demonstrate that the intravascular microenvironment is a critical staging area for the development of metastasis that later can invade the parenchyma. Intravascular tumor cells may represent a therapeutic target to inhibit the development of extravascular metastases. Therefore, this imageable model of intravascular metastasis may be used for evaluation of novel anti‐metastatic agents.
An optimum strategy for solution chemistry using semiempirical molecular orbital method: Importance of description of charge distribution
Authors: Takenaka Norio , Koyano Yoshiyuki , Nakagawa Yukinori , Nagaoka Masataka 
Published: October 2009

AbstractFor the purpose to execute direct dynamics calculation in solution chemistry, we propose an optimum strategy for solution chemistry using semiempirical molecular orbital (MO) method with neglect of diatomic differential overlap (NDDO) approximation with specific solution reaction parameters (SSRP), i.e., the NDDO‐SSRP method. In this strategy, the empirical parameters of the semi‐empirical MO method were optimized individually for target molecule or ion by reference to the ab initio MO calculation data for many configurations on the potential energy surface near the reaction path. For demonstration, the NDDO‐SSRP method was applied to two molecules and two ions (OH−, H2O, NH3, NH4+) at their equilibrium states in aqueous solution, respectively. Accordingly, it was verified that both the potential energy surface and the charge distribution of these solutes in aqueous solution are dramatically improved to reproduce themselves accurately at ab initio MO calculation level. In conclusion, it is expected that the NDDO‐SSRP method should become quite useful for dynamic and statistical applications to chemical reaction systems in solution. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010
Practicing psychology in the art gallery: Vernon Lee's aesthetics of empathy
Authors: Lanzoni Susan 
Published: October 2009

AbstractLate nineteenth‐century psychologists and aestheticians were fascinated by the study of psychological and physiological aspects of aesthetic response, and the British intellectual and aesthete Vernon Lee was a major participant in this venture. Working outside the academy, Lee conducted informal experiments with Clementina Anstruther‐Thomson, recording changes in respiration, balance, emotion, and body movements in response to aesthetic form. In fashioning her aesthetics of empathy, she mined a wealth of psychological theories of the period including motor theories of mind, physiological theories of emotion, evolutionary models of the usefulness of art, and, most prominently, the empathic projection of feeling and movement into form. Lee distributed questionnaires, contributed to scientific journals, carried out her own introspective studies, and debated aesthetics with leading psychologists. This paper critiques the prevailing view of Lee's aesthetics as a displaced sign of her gender or sexuality, and questions her status as simply an amateur in the field of psychology. Instead, I argue that Lee's empirically based empathy theory of art was a significant contribution to debates on psychological aesthetics at the outset of the twentieth century, offering a synthesis of Lipps's mentalistic Einfühlung and sensation‐based imitation theories of aesthetic response. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Personality and culture, the Social Science Research Council, and liberal social engineering: The Advisory Committee on Personality and Culture, 1930–1934
Authors: Bryson Dennis 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe field of personality and culture was given a significant impetus during the 1930s with the establishment of the Advisory Committee on Personality and Culture (1930–1934) by the Social Science Research Council. This committee provided an early formulation of personality and culture that emphasized the interdisciplinary focus on the processes of personality formation within small‐scale social settings. The committee's formulation also coupled personality and culture with a liberal social engineering approach geared toward cultural reconstruction. Major social scientists and clinicians were involved in the activities of the committee, including Edward Sapir, W. I. Thomas, E. W. Burgess, E. A. Bott, Robert S. Woodworth, Harry Stack Sullivan, C. M. Hincks, and Adolf Meyer. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Efficacy of new commercial formulations to control downy mildew and dissipation of their active fungicides in wine after good agricultural practices
Authors: González‐Rodríguez Rosa M , Cancho‐Grande Beatriz , Simal‐Gándara Jesús 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: The efficacy of common fungicides to control downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) in vines decreases when the same commercial formulations are applied over several years. For this reason, new commercial formulations (containing new fungicides) have to offer to grape‐growers to increase the efficacy of antifungal treatments. The efficacy of five new commercial formulations (Cabrio Top, Equation Pro, Fantic M, Mikal Premium and Fobeci) to control downy mildew in an experimental vineyard producing white grapes (Vitis vinifera cv. Godello) was studied. All these products have in common a new fungicide (pyraclostrobin, famoxadone, benalaxyl‐M, iprovalicarb and benalaxyl, respectively) in their chemical formulation.RESULTS: Two commercial formulations, Cabrio Top and Fobeci, gave the highest efficacy to control this fungal disease. Once treated white grapes were harvested, the fate of these fungicides from vine to wine was studied. The white winemaking process allowed the dissipation of fungicide residues in high percentages (∼95%), except for iprovalicarb (45%). Concentrations in final filtered white wines were close to or lower than 0.01 mg L−1 for all detected fungicides except iprovalicarb and fludioxonil. The following dissipation rate was found: famoxadone > cyprodinil > pyraclostrobin > benalaxyl > folpet > fludioxonil > benalaxyl‐M > penconazole > iprovalicarb.CONCLUSION: From the data obtained in the vinification process, estimated maximum residue levels for white wines were proposed for future EU legislation to control the presence of pesticides in white wines. Thereby one helps to assure also the wine quality and protection of consumer health. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Women's narratives on experiences of work ability and functioning in fibromyalgia
Authors: Sallinen Merja , Kukkurainen Marja Leena , Peltokallio Liisa , Mikkelsson Marja 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackground: Fibromyalgia is a significant health problem for women of working age. However, little is known about the long‐term effects of fibromyalgia in everyday life or on work ability.Methods: A narrative interview study was conducted to explore the experiences of work ability and functioning of patients with a long history of fibromyalgia. Twenty women, aged 34–65 years, were purposively chosen for the interviews, to reach a wide range of patients with different social and professional backgrounds.Results: Four types of experience concerning work ability were identified in the narratives: confusion, coping with fluctuating symptoms, being ‘in between’ and being over the edge of exhaustion. Severe pain and fatigue symptoms, combined with a demanding life situation and ageing, seemed to lead to substantial decrease in work ability and functioning over the long term. In the narratives, vocational rehabilitation or adjustments to work tasks were rarely seen or were started too late to be effective.Conclusions: Exploring the life stories of women with fibromyalgia can reveal the perceived causes and consequences of fibromyalgia related to work ability or disability, which can be utilized in developing client‐centred rehabilitation approaches and effective interventions to support work ability and avoid premature retirement in fibromyalgia patients. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Legal issues in school health services and school psychology: Guidelines for the administration of medication
Authors: Mazur‐Mosiewicz Anna , Pierson Eric E. , McIntosh David E. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe use of psychoactive medications to augment behavioral and psychosocial interventions in schools has significantly increased within the last few decades. Yet, advising, administrating, and supervising the dispensation of medication (including psychostimulants and psychoactive substances) tend to be some of the most risky tasks of school administrators and personnel. Medication administration is not only an increasing source of civil and administrative liability for school districts, but may lead to legal questions for school counselors, psychologists, and social workers. In response to growing concerns, this article provides guidelines necessary for safe medication administration and monitoring in the school setting. Federal, state, and district guidelines are reviewed. Possible implications for school and district policy makers, principals, teachers, school nurses, school psychologists, social workers, counselors, and parents are outlined. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Antidepressants and suicidal ideation in adolescence: A paradoxical effect
Authors: Pierson Eric E. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe past two decades have seen a rapid increase in the number and types of psychopharmacological medications that are available for the treatment of depression in children and adolescents. Parents and adolescents often raise questions as to the potential increase in suicidal ideation associated with the use of primarily selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). This has been driven in part as a result of media attention that has focused on the “black box” warnings regarding increases in suicidal ideation for SSRIs. The current article reviews the status of the literature surrounding suicidal ideation and SSRIs in adolescence. Finally, the article strives to educate the clinician as to the likelihood of suicidal ideation and completions in the context of rates for all adolescents. Findings related to changes in treatment as a result of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) black box warning are discussed as well. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Future trends in the application and impact of psychopharmacology within the school setting
Authors: Noggle Chad A. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe number of children and adolescents using prescription medications is continually climbing. The preceding articles have offered discussions on a multitude of areas within this subject matter. This article will serve to summarize some of those points raised with particular emphasis on where we go from here in terms of training and professional practice. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Formation of PAHs and soot platelets: multiconfiguration theoretical study of the key step in the ring closure–radical breeding polyyne‐based mechanism
Authors: Indarto Antonius , Giordana Anna , Ghigo Giovanni , Tonachini Glauco 
Published: October 2009

AbstractPolyynes of general formula H(CC)nH are known to play a significant role in combustion and pyrolysis, possibly being intermediates in the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and soot. They have also been detected in astrophysical investigations. The key step in the polyyne‐based radical breeding mechanism for PAH growth is a cyclization, put forward by Krestinin, which implies disruption of electron couples, plausibly expected to be energy demanding. We explore the electronic features and energy requirements of such a process by quantum mechanical multiconfiguration methods (CASSCF and CASPT2). The features of the wavefunction are analyzed, and the free energy barriers are estimated over a wide range of temperatures, for three molecular models. The initial radical adduct A, generated by H., HCC. (ethynyl), or HCCC.H2 (propargyl) addition to butadiyne (BD, HCCCCH), undergoes a cyclization with the generation of two new radical centers. However, in most of the cases, one of these new singly occupied sp2 orbitals has some overlap with the unpaired electron lobe already existent in A: some sort of bonding builds up and consequently the triradical character cannot be large. Only one model suggests a possible role of the radical breeding mechanism during combustion. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optical study of InAs quantum dot stacks embedded in GaAs/AlAs superlattices
Authors: Nedzinskas R. , Čechavičius B. , Kavaliauskas J. , Čerškus A. , Kundrotas J. , Karpus V. , Tamošiūnas V. , Valušis G. , Fasching G. , Unterrainer K. , Strasser G. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractVertically stacked InAs quantum dot (QD) superlattices (SLs) with dots embedded in GaAs and GaAs/AlAs matrices were examined by the electroreflectance and photoluminescence spectroscopies. The interband transitions corresponding to the QDs, wetting layer (WL) and InAs/GaAs/AlAs SL have been identified.It is shown that blue‐shifts and enhancement in intensity of WL‐related optical transitions in InAs/GaAs/AlAs SL originate mainly due to the off‐center position of the QD layers in the wells. The variation in QD size and WL thickness across the stacks is demonstrated and discussed (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Simulation of oxidized silicon stripe formation on Pd(111)
Authors: Tornau E. E. , Petrauskas V. , Zvejnieks G. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe propose the model with two interaction constants (nearest neighbour pair repulsion of SiO complexes and their trio attraction in a line) which demonstrates stripe formation during silane decomposition on oxidized Pd(111) surface. The simplest (2 × 1) stripe phase is obtained by kinetic Monte Carlo simulation in absence of longer‐range attractive interactions which are usually necessary for stripe structure formation. Despite higher energy, this phase is shown to be very stable. Phase diagram for this model is obtained, and (2 × 1) phase stability is analyzed varying coverage and reaction rate parameters (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)