bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infection of tomato in Iraq with tomato leaf curl Palampur virus and multiple variants of tomato yellow leaf curl virus
Authors: Al-Waeli Muhannad , Shahmohammadi Niayesh , Tavakoli Susan , Dizadji Akbar , Kvarnheden Anders 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD) and tomato leaf curl disease (TLCD) cause serious losses in tomato production, especially in tropical and sub-tropical regions. In 2014–2015, tomato samples with TYLCD/TLCD-like symptoms were collected from different provinces of Iraq and infection with tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) identified. To study the diversity of TYLCV, DNA of eight positive samples from this survey was used for rolling-circle amplification, cloning and sequencing. Pairwise nucleotide sequence comparisons with complete genomes showed that the Iraqi TYLCV isolates belonged to the strains TYLCV-IL and TYLCV-Mld. In a phylogenetic analysis, the Iraqi TYLCV-IL isolates grouped into three distinct clades, consisting of TYLCV-IL (A) and the two new variants TYLCV-IL (D) and TYLCV-IL (E). The Iraqi isolate of TYLCV-Mld grouped into the newly proposed TYLCV-Mld (D) variant. For one sample, sequencing also revealed co-infection with tomato leaf curl Palampur virus (ToLCPalV). The phylogenetic tree of ToLCPalV DNA-A showed a close relationship between the isolates of different hosts from Iraq and Iran. No evidence of recombination was detected in ToLCPalV DNA-A, but recombination was observed for the TYLCV isolates. The results indicate that there is a high diversity of TYLCV in Iraq, including new variants, that is partly shared with Kuwait and countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Occurrence of multiple TYLCV variants and ToLCPalV can act as a potential threat to tomato production in Iraq.
Die Rolle der Konzeption ‚Lesen durch Schreiben‘ für Rechtschreib- und Leseleistungen, Selbstkonzept und Lernfreude im ersten und zweiten Schuljahr
Authors: Hess Miriam , Denn Ann-Katrin , Widmer Anna-Katharina , Lipowsky Frank 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungIm Beitrag wird anhand einer Stichprobe von 31 Lehrpersonen und 507 Lernenden untersucht, welche Effekte die Orientierung von Lehrpersonen an der Konzeption ‚Lesen durch Schreiben‘ unter Kontrolle von Voraussetzungen der Lernenden sowie unter Berücksichtigung der Mehrebenenstruktur auf die Lese- und Rechtschreibleistung, das Selbstkonzept im Lesen und Schreiben sowie die Lernfreude in den ersten beiden Schuljahren hat. Während sich auf die Rechtschreibleistung negative Effekte zeigen, sind die Effekte auf das Selbstkonzept im Schreiben positiv ausgeprägt. Im Bereich Lesen ergeben sich weder für die Leistung noch für das Selbstkonzept bedeutsame Effekte. Die Lernfreude von Kindern, deren Lehrpersonen sich stärker an ‚Lesen durch Schreiben‘ orientieren, ist in der Tendenz etwas höher ausgeprägt.
“How About Being Trustworthy Rather Than Asking Families to Trust?”: A Prerequisite for Child Protection Authorities Partnering with Indigenous Communities
Authors: Braithwaite Valerie , Ivec Mary 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAustralia’s Indigenous children are 12 times more likely than non-Indigenous children to be in out-of-home care, a rate that has been increasing. Since 2009, government policies have committed to keeping children safe in families through support, early intervention, and Indigenous self-determination. Action has not matched policy. Quantitative and qualitative survey data from third parties (n = 29 Indigenous and n = 358 non-Indigenous) are analysed with a view to understanding expectations and visions for reform. Third parties expressed distrust and resistance toward child protection authorities. Indigenous third parties more so. Achieving reform objectives depends on child protection authorities initiating relational repair with third parties through addressing ritualism, implementing policy and investing in genuine partnering. Indigenous third parties, in addition, identified institutional racism and cultural disrespect as obstacles to reform.
Harmonizing Quality Improvement Metrics Across Global Trial Networks to Advance Paediatric Clinical Trials Delivery
Authors: Attar Sabah , Price Angie , Hovinga Collin , Stewart Breanne , Lacaze-Masmonteil Thierry , Bonifazi Fedele , Turner Mark A. , Fernandes Ricardo M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite global efforts to improve paediatric clinical trials, significant delays continue in paediatric drug approvals. Collaboration between research networks is needed to address these delays. This paper is a first step to promote interoperability between paediatric networks from different jurisdictions by comparing drivers for, and content of, metrics about clinical trial conduct.

Methods
Three paediatric networks, Institute for Advanced Clinical Trials for Children, the Maternal Infant Child and Youth Research Network and conect4children, have each developed metrics to address delays and create efficiencies. We identified the methodology by which each network identified metrics, described the metrics of each network, and mapped consistency to come to consensus about core metrics that networks could share.

Results
Metric selection was driven by site quality improvement in one network (11 metrics), by network performance in one network (13 metrics), and by both in one network (five metrics). The domains of metrics were research capacity/capability, site identification/feasibility, trial start-up, and recruitment/enrolment. The network driven by site quality improvement did not have indicators for capacity/capability or identification/feasibility. Fifteen metrics for trial start up and conduct were identified. Metrics related to site approvals were found in all three networks. The themes for metrics can inform the development of ‘shared’ metrics.

Conclusion
We found disparity in drivers, methodology and metrics. Tackling this disparity will result in a unified approach to addressing delays in paediatric drug approvals. Collaborative work to define inter-operable metrics globally is outlined.
Saffron of Taliouine and new extension areas in Morocco: farmers surveys and physicochemical analysis
Authors: Khoulati Amine , Abousalim Abdelhadi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSaffron, the most expensive spice in the world, is a local product of socio-economic importance for developing many rural areas of Morocco, of which Taliouine is the main production area. The views on factors affecting the quality and yield of farmers practicing saffron cultivation are of great importance, and there is currently no research on this topic in the literature. This work aims to evaluate the quality of saffron samples collected at Taliouine (4 samples) and the main extension areas (4 samples) and to survey producers on the characteristics of quality and the main factors involved. The physicochemical analyses were carried out according to the technical specifications of the ISO/TS 3632-2 standard, making it possible to classify the samples according to the Moroccan standard: NM 08.1.037/2007, in categories I or II. Analysis of variance revealed the presence of significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) between $${\text{E}}_{440\text{ nm }}^{1{\%}}$$

E

440

nm

1
%

(specific crocin extinction) ranging from 313.77 to 351.36 of the four samples from the Taliouine area and the $${\text{E}}_{440\text{ nm }}^{1{\%}}$$

E

440

nm

1
%

varying from 204.04 to 492.87 of the four samples from the other regions, between the $${\text{E}}_{257\text{ nm}}^{1{\%}}$$

E

257

nm

1
%

(specific picrocrocin extinction) of the four samples of the Taliouine zone changing from 138.06 to 169.39 and the $${\text{E}}_{257\text{ nm}}^{1{\%}}$$

E

257

nm

1
%

ranging from 134.90 to 219.18 of the four samples from the other zones and finally between the $${\text{E}}_{330\text{ nm}}^{1{\%}}$$

E

330

nm

1
%

(specific safranal extinction) varying from 65.93 to 101.63 of the four samples from the Taliouine zone and the $${\text{E}}_{330\text{ nm}}^{1{\%}}$$

E

330

nm

1
%

of the four samples of the other zones ranging from 89.98 to 119.04. It should be noted that the sample from abroad is fraudulent and non-compliant for almost all the chemical characteristics. Cross-analysis of producer survey data and chemical analysis showed the presence of correlations between stigma length and altitude (r = 0.763*), between crocin content and altitude (r = 0.856*), and between safranal content and humidity (r = 0.722**). According to the producers, the yield remains influenced by the size of the bulbs and the leading cultural practices.
Graphical Abstract
Identifying citrus self-incompatibility genotypes (S-genotypes) and discovering self-compatible mutants
Authors: Cai Guanghua , Song Dan , Peng Kang , Hu Jianbing , Chen Peng , Chen Chuanwu , Ye Junli , Xie Zongzhou , Deng Xiuxin , Chai Lijun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUtilizing 32 previously identified S ribonuclease (S-RNase) gene sequences and abundant citrus resources, this study designed specific primers for 10 S-RNase genes. A total of 32 pairs of primers were used to analyze the self-incompatibility genotypes (S-genotypes) of 241 citrus resources, encompassing 105 mandarins, 47 pummelos, 69 oranges, and 20 lemons and citrons. These results provide theoretical guidance for parent selection in production and breeding programs. Among the 215 samples analyzed, two normal S-genotypes were identified, while no S-genotypes were detected in three samples. Notably, 21 samples, primarily citrons, exhibited amplification of only one S-genotype. Additionally, two pummelo samples showed amplification of three S-genotypes each. The integration of S-genotype and selfing phenotype identification revealed five newly discovered self-compatible mutated materials: Changsha ‘Shatian’ pummelo, large-fruited red pummelo, slender leaf ‘Mangshanyegan’, ‘Shatangju’, and W. Murcott. These findings provide valuable resources for investigating the self-compatibility mechanism in citrus.
Analyzing the Contribution of Moisture Sources to Precipitation Changes Under 1.5/2.0°C Stabilized Warming Scenarios: A Study Over Northwest China
Authors: Zhang Mi , Wang Shuyu , Wang Shuangshuang , Zhou Weidan , Tang Jianping , Luo Shuangyi , Niu Xiaorui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractChanges in precipitation and its causes under future warming scenarios in Northwest China are of great concern. Based on the dynamical downscaling results of the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF), this study quantitatively identified the contribution of local evaporation and external moisture transport to future precipitation changes in western and eastern Northwest China (WNWC and ENWC) by calculating the precipitation recycling ratio (PRR). The results showed that the WRF could reasonably reproduce the observed spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation and evaporation during the historical reference period of 1985–2014. Under the 1.5 and 2.0°C stabilized warming scenarios from 2071 to 2100, there is a stronger precipitation growth in WNWC than in ENWC, and the PRR generally increases in WNWC and decreases in ENWC. Further analysis indicates that external moisture transport is the dominant contributor to the increased precipitation in all cases with its contribution exceeding 70%, while the difference of precipitation growth in two sub‐regions arises from the summer moisture transport at the southern boundary as the inflow in WNWC and outflow in ENWC. Compared to the negligible contribution of evaporation in ENWC (less than 7%), evaporation contributes more than 23% to the precipitation increase in WNWC under future warming scenarios, which may be related to the strong land‐atmosphere coupling there. Furthermore, an additional warming of 0.5°C leads to an increase in precipitation for both sub‐regions, which is mainly due to the contribution of external moisture transport.
Magnetic Storm‐Time Red Aurora as Seen From Hokkaido, Japan on 1 December 2023 Associated With High‐Density Solar Wind
Authors: Kataoka Ryuho , Miyoshi Yoshizumi , Shiokawa Kazuo , Nishitani Nozomu , Keika Kunihiro , Amano Takanobu , Seki Kanako 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe report a citizen science‐motivated study on the cause of an unusually bright red aurora as witnessed from Hokkaido, Japan during a magnetic storm on 1 December 2023. The auroral brightness of 5 kR is unusual for the Dst index peak of only −107 nT. In spite of the moderate storm amplitude, the extremely high solar wind density of >50/cc and dynamic pressure of >25 nPa caused the aurora oval extension to 53 magnetic latitudes (L = 2.8). We discuss that the drift loss of the ring current particles across the small‐size magnetopause is important, and Hokkaido was at the right position to see the direct effect of the large particle injection of the storm‐time substorm.
Organic-inorganic hybrid piezotronic bipolar junction transistor for pressure sensing
Authors: Iranmanesh Emad , Liang Zihao , Li Weiwei , Liao Congwei , Jin Shunyu , Liu Chuan , Wang Kai , Zhang Shengdong , Doumanidis Charalampos , Amaratunga Gehan A. J. , Zhou Hang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWith the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoTs), wearable sensors are playing an increasingly important role in daily monitoring of personal health and wellness. The signal-to-noise-ratio has become the most critical performance factor to consider. To enhance it, on the one hand, good sensing materials/devices have been employed; on the other hand, signal amplification and noise reduction circuits have been used. However, most of these devices and circuits work in an active sampling mode, requiring frequent data acquisition and hence, entailing high-power consumption. In this scenario, a flexible and wearable event-triggered sensor with embedded signal amplification without an external power supply is of great interest. Here, we report a flexible two-terminal piezotronic n-p-n bipolar junction transistor (PBJT) that acts as an autonomous and highly sensitive, current- and/or voltage-mediated pressure sensor. The PBJT is formed by two back-to-back piezotronic diodes which are defined as emitter-base and collector-base diodes. Upon force exertion on the emitter side, as a result of the piezoelectric effect, the emitter-base diode is forward biased while the collector-base diode is reverse biased. Due to the inherent BJT amplification effect, the PBJT achieves record-high sensitivities of 139.7 kPa-1 (current-based) and 88.66 kPa-1 (voltage-based) in sensing mode. The PBJT also has a fast response time of <110 ms under exertion of dynamic stimuli ranging from a flying butterfly to a gentle finger touch. Therefore, the PBJT advances the state of the art not only in terms of sensitivity but also in regard to being self-driven and autonomous, making it promising for pressure sensing and other IoT applications.
Dietary resistant starch enhances immune health of the kidney in diabetes via promoting microbially-derived metabolites and dampening neutrophil recruitment
Authors: Snelson Matthew , Deliyanti Devy , Tan Sih Min , Drake Anna M. , de Pasquale Cassandra , Kumar Vinod , Woodruff Trent M. , Wilkinson-Berka Jennifer L. , Coughlan Melinda T. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Dietary-resistant starch is emerging as a potential therapeutic tool to limit the negative effects of diabetes on the kidneys. However, its metabolic and immunomodulatory effects have not yet been fully elucidated.

Methods
Six-week-old db/db mice were fed a diet containing 12.5% resistant starch or a control diet matched for equivalent regular starch for 10 weeks. db/m mice receiving the control diet were utilised as non-diabetic controls. Freshly collected kidneys were digested for flow cytometry analysis of immune cell populations. Kidney injury was determined by measuring albuminuria, histology, and immunohistochemistry. Portal vein plasma was collected for targeted analysis of microbially-derived metabolites. Intestinal histology and tight junction protein expression were assessed.

Results
Resistant starch limited the development of albuminuria in db/db mice. Diabetic db/db mice displayed a decline in portal vein plasma levels of acetate, propionate, and butyrate, which was increased with resistant starch supplementation. Diabetic db/db mice receiving resistant starch had a microbially-derived metabolite profile similar to that of non-diabetic db/m mice. The intestinal permeability markers lipopolysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide binding protein were increased in db/db mice consuming the control diet, which was not seen in db/db mice receiving resistant starch supplementation. Diabetes was associated with an increase in the kidney neutrophil population, neutrophil activation, number of C5aR1+ neutrophils, and urinary complement C5a excretion, all of which were reduced with resistant starch. These pro-inflammatory changes appear independent of fibrotic changes in the kidney.

Conclusions
Resistant starch supplementation in diabetes promotes beneficial circulating microbially-derived metabolites and improves intestinal permeability, accompanied by a modulation in the inflammatory profile of the kidney including neutrophil infiltration, complement activation, and albuminuria. These findings indicate that resistant starch can regulate immune and inflammatory responses in the kidney and support the therapeutic potential of resistant starch supplementation in diabetes on kidney health.
Quantitative MRI at 7-Tesla reveals novel frontocortical myeloarchitecture anomalies in major depressive disorder
Authors: Heij Jurjen , van der Zwaag Wietske , Knapen Tomas , Caan Matthan W. A. , Forstman Birte , Veltman Dick J. , van Wingen Guido , Aghajani Moji 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWhereas meta-analytical data highlight abnormal frontocortical macrostructure (thickness/surface area/volume) in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), the underlying microstructural processes remain uncharted, due to the use of conventional MRI scanners and acquisition techniques. We uniquely combined Ultra-High Field MRI at 7.0 Tesla with Quantitative Imaging to map intracortical myelin (proxied by longitudinal relaxation time T1) and iron concentration (proxied by transverse relaxation time T2*), microstructural processes deemed particularly germane to cortical macrostructure. Informed by meta-analytical evidence, we focused specifically on orbitofrontal and rostral anterior cingulate cortices among adult MDD patients (N = 48) and matched healthy controls (HC; N = 10). Analyses probed the association of MDD diagnosis and clinical profile (severity, medication use, comorbid anxiety disorders, childhood trauma) with aforementioned microstructural properties. MDD diagnosis (p’s < 0.05, Cohen’s D = 0.55–0.66) and symptom severity (p’s < 0.01, r = 0.271–0.267) both related to decreased intracortical myelination (higher T1 values) within the lateral orbitofrontal cortex, a region tightly coupled to processing negative affect and feelings of sadness in MDD. No relations were found with local iron concentrations. These findings allow uniquely fine-grained insights on frontocortical microstructure in MDD, and cautiously point to intracortical demyelination as a possible driver of macroscale cortical disintegrity in MDD.
Can antimicrobial photodynamic therapy serve as an effective adjunct protocol for disinfecting the necrotic root canal system? A randomized controlled study
Authors: Barazy Remy , Alafif Hisham , Achour Hassan , Al-Aloul Ahmad , Alsayed Tolibah Yasser 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Bacterial infection plays an important role in persistent periapical lesions and inadequate disinfection of root canals is considered the biggest factor responsible for endodontic treatment failure. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) has become the latest choice to eradicate microorganisms in root canals.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) in bacterial count reduction compared to Passive Ultrasonic Activation (PUI) and Ca(OH)2 dressings.

Materials and methods
Forty-five anterior single canal teeth with medium-sized periapical lesions (2–5 mm) were divided into three groups according to the disinfecting technique (each group consists of 15 canals with 1:1:1 allocation ratio): Group A: Ca(OH)2 dressing. Group B: Passive Ultrasonic Activation (PUI). Group C: Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT). Direct bacterial viable count method was used to count the colonies forming units (CFU) before and after the disinfecting and the bacterial count reduction was estimated, the statistical analysis was performed at a 95% confidence level using the Chi-square and Mann–Whitney U test.

Results
aPDT showed no statistically significant difference when compared to passive ultrasonic irrigation (P > 0.05) but showed higher and more promising results when compared to Ca(OH)2 dressings (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
aPDT has the ability and effectiveness as a disinfecting technique in necrotic and infected root canals.

Clinical significance of the study
The results of this clinical trial provide that aPDT can be considered an adjunct method for root canal disinfection with the same effectiveness as passive ultrasonic irrigation.
LAPTM4B counteracts ferroptosis via suppressing the ubiquitin-proteasome degradation of SLC7A11 in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Yan Ruyu , Liu Dan , Guo Hongjuan , Liu Minxia , Lv Dongjin , Björkblom Benny , Wu Mingsong , Yu Hongtao , Leng Hao , Lu Bingxiao , Li Yuxiang , Gao Miaomiao , Blom Tomas , Zhou Kecheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, necessitating the identification of novel therapeutic targets. Lysosome Associated Protein Transmembrane 4B (LAPTM4B) is involved in biological processes critical to cancer progression, such as regulation of solute carrier transporter proteins and metabolic pathways, including mTORC1. However, the metabolic processes governed by LAPTM4B and its role in oncogenesis remain unknown. In this study, we conducted unbiased metabolomic screens to uncover the metabolic landscape regulated by LAPTM4B. We observed common metabolic changes in several knockout cell models suggesting of a role for LAPTM4B in suppressing ferroptosis. Through a series of cell-based assays and animal experiments, we demonstrate that LAPTM4B protects tumor cells from erastin-induced ferroptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, LAPTM4B suppresses ferroptosis by inhibiting NEDD4L/ZRANB1 mediated ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of the cystine-glutamate antiporter SLC7A11. Furthermore, metabolomic profiling of cancer cells revealed that LAPTM4B knockout leads to a significant enrichment of ferroptosis and associated metabolic alterations. By integrating results from cellular assays, patient tissue samples, an animal model, and cancer databases, this study highlights the clinical relevance of the LAPTM4B-SLC7A11-ferroptosis signaling axis in NSCLC progression and identifies it as a potential target for the development of cancer therapeutics.