bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Researching and Preventing Alcohol Problems at Work: Toward an Integrative Model
Authors: Walsh Diana Chapman , Rudd Rima E. , Biener Lois , Mangione Tom 
Published: December 2011

Purpose of Proposal. A consolidated framework is proposed to highlight modifiable factors in work organizations that may contribute to alcohol-related problems. This research model serves to organize existing knowledge, highlight pathways for new research initiatives, and offer insights into the design of primary and secondary preventive strategies. Contributing Influences. Current research on problem drinking in the workplace either locates problems in individual drinkers or looks to the social environment to understand how drinking problems unfold. There is a clear need for a more complete theoretical model which incorporates social, cultural, organizational, and personal factors. Proposal Summary. This article elaborates on a model for examining problem drinking at work which integrates policy, normative, and psychosocial influences. It emphasizes the structures within which health-related decisions and actions are contained and constrained. The focus here on the connections between alcohol use and work builds on the premise that health is socially produced.
Behavioral Risk Factor and Illness Day Changes with Workplace Health Promotion: Two-Year Results
Authors: Bertera Robert L. 
Published: December 2011

Purpose. The impact of a workplace health promotion program was evaluated to determine changes in the number and level of seven behavioral risks and self-reported illness days. Design. The study employed a pretest/posttest intervention group (N=7,178) with a two-year follow-up and a time-lagged, nonequivalent comparison group (N=7,101). Setting. The study population was drawn from a large manufacturing company with more than 100 United States locations. Subjects. Approximately one half of the study population was 40 years of age or older, 75 % were males, 90 % were white, and about 40 % were hourly manufacturing employees. Intervention. The program consisted of 1) training and support of coordinators; 2) health risk appraisals; 3) on-site classes, safety meetings, and self-help options; 4) environmental changes, e.g., smoking policy, cafeteria offerings, and blood pressure machines; and 5) recognition. Measures. A 38-item health appraisal included self-report of illness days and behavioral risks, as well as information from company physical examinations. Results. Both the number and the level of behavioral risk factors improved over two years. The proportion of employees with three or more risk factors decreased by 14% (p<.001). The number of self-reported illness days in this group decreased by 12% during the same period (p<.001). No change in illness days was observed in the group with fewer than three risk factors. Risk levels improved (range = 4.5% to 79%) for six of seven factors among high-risk individuals. Conclusions. This intervention appears to have had a positive impact on the number and level of behavioral risk factors; most of the improvement occurred among high-risk participants. The extent to which this study's results can be generalized to other populations is limited by several methodological limitations including several key variables are self-reported, a time-lagged rather than concurrent comparison group was used, the intervention group response rate was low, and the intervention group differed from the comparison group on four of five demographic variables.
The Impact of Participation in Health Promotion on Medical Costs: A Reconsideration of the Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Indiana Study
Authors: Sciacca John , Seehafer Roger , Reed Roger , Mulvaney Dallas 
Published: December 2011

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether participation in a comprehensive worksite health promotion program was associated with reduced employee health care costs. Design. Four independent study groups, two treatment and two comparison, were identified based on type and date of first participation in the intervention. Two years of pre-program health cost data and five years of post-program data were collected for each subject. The Jonckheere-Terpstra statistical test was used to analyze the data. Setting. The health promotion program was offered at Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Indiana corporate headquarters. The study period began on January 1, 1976, and continued through December 31, 1982. Subjects. Seven hundred and forty-three men and women employed continuously by Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Indiana throughout a seven-year period were studied. Intervention. The health promotion program consisted of four progressive phases which involved 1) health risk reduction mass education, 2) completion of a health risk appraisal and risk reduction counseling, 3) health promotion classes such as smoking cessation and nutrition education, and 4) follow-up and maintenance. Measures. The principal dependent variable was pre-program to post-program changes in health costs as measured by employee health care expense claims paid for by the company's health insurance plan. Results. This study found that program participation was not associated with reduced health care costs. Conclusions. It would be prudent to remain guarded about the health cost savings effects of worksite health promotion programs.
An Analysis of Comprehensive Health Promotion Programs' Consistency with the Systems Model of Health
Authors: Meek Julie 
Published: December 2011

Purpose. The purpose of this article is to report a review and analysis of the concordance between current comprehensive corporate health promotion programs as described in the published literature and the systems model of health and to explore emerging trends in the field of health promotion. Search Methods. MEDLINE, BIOSIS, and PsycINFO searches were conducted from 1985 to 1991, and the bibliographies of articles thus obtained were back searched for additional descriptions of corporate health promotion programs. Inclusive criteria included “comprehensive” corporate programs, published in peer-reviewed journals or books, and descriptions adequate enough to permit coding in the majority of analysis matrix categories. Out of 63 identified programs, 16 met the inclusion criteria; 47 were excluded. A common reason for rejection was the limitation imposed by inadequate program descriptions in the published literature. Major Findings. On average, the comprehensive corporate programs reviewed were initiated between 1984 and 1987 and set in the context of a manufacturing firm with over 10,000 employees. A minority of programs (12.5%) consistently satisfied systems model criteria. The most common category of programs were those which were inconsistent (44%), meeting some of the criteria of a systems model of health promotion, but not all. The mechanistic medical and public health models predominated strongly (63%) with the preeminent goal being individual risk factor modification. Conclusions. The limitations of the published literature do not permit strong conclusions about the number or degree to which current corporate comprehensive programs are concordant with the systems model of health. Although mechanistic models of health predominated, there is evidence that a number of comprehensive programs were inconsistent with the mechanistic model, meeting some of the criteria, but also meeting some systems model criteria. To continue the advancement of health promotion with clarity and focus, further research is needed to clarify outcomes across different “world view” models of health promotion. Health promotion specialists need to carefully scrutinize programs emanating from different “world view” models as they design, develop, implement, and evaluate corporate programs.
Fluorescence Spectroscopy In Vivo
Authors: Vishwanath Karthik , Ramanujam Nimmi 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDiagnostic techniques based on optical spectroscopy have the potential to link biochemical and morphological properties of tissues to individual patient care. In particular, these techniques are fast, noninvasive, and quantitative. Furthermore, they can be used to elucidate key tissue features, such as cellular metabolic rate, vascularity, intravascular oxygenation, and alterations in tissue morphology. These tissue features can be interpreted to shed light on a variety of clinical problems, such as precancerous and cancerous growth and atherosclerosis. The goal of this article is to review development and application of optical spectroscopy in the ultraviolet (UV) and visible (VIS) spectral regions, as a diagnostic tool in clinical applications. Particular emphasis is placed on steady‐state UV/VIS fluorescence spectroscopy for the detection of precancers and cancers, in vivo.
Human Factors for Maintenance Engineers and Others: A Prerequisite for Success
Authors: Bennett Simon A. 
Published: December 2011

Abstract

Crewresource management (CRM) has made commercial aviation safer by improving teamwork on the flight‐deck, in the cabin, and between the flight‐deck and cabin. Aviation, however, is a complex activity involving numerous actors whose talents must be allowed to flourish and whose actions require close co‐ordination. These actors include air traffic controllers, dispatchers, fuellers, loaders, and maintenance engineers. Maintenance, calibration, and testing account for up to 65% of human performance problems in engineering. Unlike pilots and cabin crew, maintenance engineers have generally not had the benefit of CRM training. It is argued that CRM training for engineers would reduce maintenance error: (i) by improving communication and co‐ordination (thus helping engineers maintain a
singular
mental model/situation assessment); (ii) by encouraging engineers to question instructions or practices they consider ill‐advised; and (iii) by bringing every useful resource (both physical and experiential) into play. While some engineering teams may practise certain CRM skills naturally, it is important that such skills are learned in a structured environment away from the shop‐floor. Only in this way can competencies be calibrated and a consistent standard established. Maintenance engineers must be allowed the time and space to reflect on praxis.

Since pertinent problems and their solutions are similar across virtually all organizations, this article draws upon examples across engineering in general and even beyond where this enables a point to be made with particular clarity.
Characterization of Whole Body Cholesterol Fluxes in the Mouse
Authors: Brufau Gemma , Groen Albert K. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAtherosclerosis is characterized by excessive cholesterol accumulation in the vessel wall. Current therapies mainly aim at decreasing influx through lowering plasma LDL‐cholesterol levels. The challenge is to develop therapeutic interventions to increase efflux of excess cholesterol from the vessel wall. The pathway that mediates this efflux from vessel wall to final excretion in the feces is called reverse cholesterol transport. Recently, it has become apparent that the intestine plays an important regulatory role in this pathway. This article describes in detail a variety of experimental approaches to measure cholesterol fluxes in the hepatobiliary system as well as in the intestinal pathway. Curr. Protoc. Mouse Biol. 1:413‐427 © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Exploration of the Visual System: Part 1: Dissection of the Mouse Eye for RNA, Protein, and Histological Analyses
Authors: Escher Pascal , Schorderet Daniel F. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDue to the power of genetics, the mouse has become a widely used animal model in vision research. However, its eyeball has an axial length of only about 2 mm. The present protocol describes how to easily dissect the small rodent eye post mortem. This allows collecting different tissues of the eye, i.e., cornea, lens, iris, retina, optic nerve, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and sclera. We further describe in detail how to process these eye samples in order to obtain high‐quality RNA for RNA expression profiling studies. Depending on the eye tissue to be analyzed, we present appropriate lysis buffers to prepare total protein lysates for immunoblot and immuno‐precipitation analyses. Fixation, inclusion, embedding, and cryosectioning of the globe for routine histological analyses (HE staining, DAPI staining, immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization) is further presented. These basic protocols should allow novice investigators to obtain eye tissue samples rapidly for their experiments. Curr. Protoc. Mouse Biol. 1:445‐462 © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Myofiber Damage Evaluation by Evans Blue Dye Injection
Authors: Wooddell Christine I. , Radley‐Crabb Hannah G. , Griffin Jacob B. , Zhang Guofeng 
Published: December 2011

AbstractEvans blue dye (EBD) can be used in live mice to study muscle pathology or injury, including exercise‐induced muscle damage. EBD is excluded from intact cell membranes but leaks into cells, including muscle fibers, when the cell membrane is ruptured. EBD can be visualized by its autofluorescence under a fluorescence microscope. EBD‐stained myofibers can be quantified from microscope images of muscle cross‐sections. These myofibers are often in clusters that lend themselves to morphometric analysis. When the damaged myofibers are interspersed among intact myofibers, however, a more suitable approach is to count individual myofibers in the field of view. A much faster approach to measure EBD in muscles from different strains of mice or between treatment groups is to extract the EBD from muscle samples and quantitate it using a spectrophotometric microplate reader. The advantages and disadvantages of using each of these approaches are discussed here. Curr. Protoc. Mouse Biol. 1:463‐488 © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Fabrication and Fibroblast Attachment Property of Regenerated Silk Fibroin/Tetramethoxysilane Nanofibrous Biocomposites
Authors: Wei Kai , Kim Byoung‐Suhk , Abe Koji , Chen Guo‐Qiang , Kim Ick‐Soo 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIn this study, regenerated silk fibroin (RSF)/tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) composite electrospun fibers with improved hydrophilicity were successfully prepared by electrospinning method, which was superior for fibroblast attachment. The electrospinning process caused adjacent fibers to “weld” at contact points, as confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that TMOS has been well incorporated into the silk fibroin electrospun fibers. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out to quantify the water content in RSF/TMOS composite electrospun fibers. The cytotoxicity and L929 adhesion of three‐dimensional RSF/TMOS fibrous biocompoaites were investigated and compared to pure RSF membrane. The water contact angle of RSF/TMOS nanofibrous composites showed a sharp decrease compared to the pure RSF electrospun fibers, which has a great effect on the early stage of cell attachment behavior due to an relatively enhanced hydrophilicity.
Reduction of Biofilm Infection Risks and Promotion of Osteointegration for Optimized Surfaces of Titanium Implants
Authors: Gasik Michael , Van Mellaert Lieve , Pierron Dorothée , Braem Annabel , Hofmans Dorien , De Waelheyns Evelien , Anné Jozef , Harmand Marie‐Françoise , Vleugels Jozef 
Published: December 2011

AbstractTitanium‐based implants are widely used in modern clinical practice; however, complications associated with implants due to bacterial‐induced infections arise frequently, caused mainly by staphylococci, streptococci, Pseudomonas spp. and coliform bacteria. Although increased hydrophilicity of the biomaterial surface is known to be beneficial in minimizing the biofilm, quantitative analyses between the actual implant parameters and bacterial development are scarce. Here, the results of in vitro studies of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis proliferation on uncoated and coated titanium materials with different roughness, porosity, topology, and hydrophilicity are shown. The same materials have been tested in parallel with respect to human osteogenic and endothelial cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. The experimental data processed by meta‐analysis are indicating the possibility of decreasing the biofilm formation by 80–90% for flat substrates versus untreated plasma‐sprayed porous titanium and by 65–95% for other porous titanium coatings. It is also shown that optimized surfaces would lead to 10–50% enhanced cell proliferation and differentiation versus reference porous titanium coatings. This presents an opportunity to manufacture implants with intrinsic reduced infection risk, yet without the additional use of antibacterial substances.
Styrenated sunflower oil polymers from raft process for coating application
Authors: Alemdar Neslihan , Erciyes A. Tuncer , Bicak Niyazi 
Published: December 2011

AbstractOil‐based macroinitiator (MI) obtained from sunflower oil was styrenated using reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) in the presence of phenacyl morpholine dithiocarbamate (PMDC) as chain transfer agent. The solvent effect and effect of the molar ratio of the transfer agent, PMDC, on polydispersity and molecular weight of the polymers were investigated. The obtained results showed that, 1,4‐dioxane is a better solvent and 1/4 molar ratio of [MI]/[PMDC] provides relatively low polydispersities. No homopolystyrene was detected under these conditions, indicating the efficiency of PMDC in the chain transfer process. Livingness of the polymerization process was confirmed by chain extension with styrene using the preformed polymer as macrotransfer agent. The film properties of styrenated oil samples were determined according to the related standards. To improve film properties, the polymer obtained by RAFT technique was modified by reaction with MI. The resulting material gave transparent films with good film properties. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Health Promotion in International Documents: Strengths and Weaknesses from the Perspective of Community Empowerment
Authors: Capone Vincenza , Petrillo Giovanna 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTInformed by a community psychology perspective, which takes an integrated and systemic, or holistic view of health and health promotion, this study presents quali‐quantitative analysis of health documents, produced by the World Health Organization (WHO) over the last 30 years. Textual analysis facilitated the identification of the typical specificities of international WHO health promotion documents, highlighting the lexical contexts of health promotion, particularly in relation to responsibilities for health and the concept of community health. Further, this textual analysis demonstrated how these understandings of health and health promotion have evolved over the last 30 years. Drawing on theory from within the field of community psychology, the changes proposed throughout international WHO documentation in conceptualizations of health and health promotion and in defining strategies to achieve the stated goals of health promotion are discussed critically. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: NaSr3Be3B3O9F4: A Promising Deep‐Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Material Resulting from the Cooperative Alignment of the [Be3B3O12F]10‐ Anionic Group.
Authors: Huang Hongwei , Yao Jiyong , Lin Zheshuai , Wang Xiaoyang , He Ran , Yao Wenjiao , Zhai Naixia , Chen Chuangtian 
Published: December 2011

AbstractColorless crystals of the title compound as large as 20 x 20 x 10 mm are prepared by spontaneous crystallization using B2O3 and NaF as flux media.
ChemInform Abstract: A 121Sb and 151Eu Moessbauer Spectroscopic Investigation of EuCd2X2 (X: P, As, Sb) and YbCd2Sb2.
Authors: Schellenberg Inga , Pfannenschmidt Ulrike , Eul Matthias , Schwickert Christian , Poettgen Rainer 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe title compounds are characterized by powder XRD, magnetic measurements, and 121Sb and 151Eu Moessbauer spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Superconductivity up to 35 K in the Iron Platinum Arsenides (CaFe1‐xPtxAs) 10Pt4‐yAs8 with Layered Structures.
Authors: Loehnert Catrin , Stuerzer Tobias , Tegel Marcus , Frankovsky Rainer , Friederichs Gina , Johrendt Dirk 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe new arsenides Ca5Fe4.75Pt1.75As9 (I), Ca5Fe5Pt1.82As9 (II), and Ca5Fe4.35Pt2.65As9 (III) are synthesized from stoichiometric mixtures of the elements (alumina crucibles, 700—1100 °C) and characterized by single crystal and powder XRD, magnetic measurements, and DFT band structure calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of in situ Carbon‐Coated Li2FeSiO4 Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Battery.
Authors: Yan Zipeng , Cai Shu , Miao Lijuan , Zhou Xing , Zhao Yongming 
Published: December 2011

AbstractLi2FeSiO4/C composites are synthesized by a sol—gel method based on acid‐catalyzed hydrolysis/condensation of tetraethoxysilane using sucrose or L‐ascorbic acid as carbon additive and LiOAc and Fe(NO3)3 as metal sources (autoclave, 120 °C, 20 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Spectrum Properties, and Electronic Structure of a New Barium Aluminoborate, Ba8 [(Al6IV)(Al2IV) (Al2V)B12IIIO41] ∞.
Authors: Chen Xuean , Chu Zhipeng , Chang Xinan , Zang Hegui , Xiao Weiqiang 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe title compound is synthesized by solid state reaction of a 3:3:5 mixture of BaCO3, Al(OH)3, and H3BO3 in the presence of Bi2O3 as a fluxing agent (Au crucible, 770 °C, 4 weeks).
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclopropanation of Alkynols with the CH2I2—R3Al System.
Authors: Ramazanov I. R. , Yaroslavova A. V. , Dzhemilev U. M. , Nefedov O. M. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractSubstituted cyclopropanes are obtained in the reaction of acetylenic alcohols bearing two or three methylene groups between the triple bond and hydroxy group with CH2I2 in the presence of trialkylalanes.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Bi(OTf)3‐Catalyzed Oxidative Deprotection of tert‐Butyldimethyl Silyl Ethers with TEMPO and Co‐Oxidants.
Authors: Barnych Bogdan , Vatele Jean‐Michel 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe process allows the selective deprotection of Tbs ethers in the presence of acid‐sensitive groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Diverted Domino Reactivity in Tertiary Skipped Diynes: A Convenient Access to Polyfunctionalized Cyclohexadienones and Multivalent Aromatic Scaffolds.
Authors: Tejedor David , Lopez‐Tosco Sara , Gonzalez‐Platas Javier , Garcia‐Tellado Fernando 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDiynes (I) undergo a selective ring closure with secondary amine (II) to give cyclohexadienones (III) or (V) with excellent atom economy.
ChemInform Abstract: Propargylic Amines Constructed via Copper‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Coupling of Terminal Alkynes, Benzal Halides and Amines.
Authors: Lin Zhewang , Yu Dingyi , Zhang Yugen 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDiethylamine is found to be the component of choice in the reactions with dibromide (II) and dichloride (VIII) under slightly different conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of α‐Hydroxy Carboxylic Acids via a Nickel(II)‐Catalyzed Hydrogen Transfer Process.
Authors: Tang Guo , Cheng Chien‐Hong 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe air‐stable nickel complex catalyzes the β‐alkylation of lactic acid with primary alcohols to afford the corresponding coupled α‐hydroxy carboxylic acids via a hydrogen transfer process.
ChemInform Abstract: Trimethylaluminum‐Facilitated Direct Amidation of Carboxylic Acids.
Authors: Chung Seung Won , Uccello Daniel P. , Choi Huiwon , Montgomery Justin I. , Chen Jinshan 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe reaction of free carboxylic acids with primary and secondary amines is effected by AlMe3 with moderate to good efficiency.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Reduction of Sulfoxides with NaBH4, CoCl2·6H2O Catalyst, and Moist Alumina.
Authors: Yakabe Shigetala , Hirano Masao , Morimoto Takashi 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe reduction is assumed to occur on the alumina surface, since its absence results in a negligible conversion of the starting sulfoxide.