bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STUDIES ON PLASMA ANGIOTENSINASE ACTIVITY IN NORMAL AND TOXEMIC PREGNANCY
Authors: Morandini Giorgio , Mangioni Costantino 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The behavior of plasma angiotensinase activity has been studied in normotensive pregnant women and in toxemic patients during pregnancy and in the puerperium.In normal pregnant women a slight increase of plasma angiotensinase activity occurred in the third trimester, with a greater increase at the time of delivery. It rapidly normalized during the puerperium.In toxemic patients in the third trimester of pregnancy and at the time of delivery the increase of plasma angiotensinase activity was more marked than that observed in normal pregnancy. The activity was also significantly higher for several days during the puerperium.Examination of our results reveals a possible correlation between plasma angiotensinase activity and endogenous angiotensin production. The significance of reninangiotensin system involvement in normal and toxemic pregnancy is discussed.
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Aberg Hans 
Published: August 2010

Abstract.The incidence of embolism and atrial thrombosis in a necropsy material of patients with atrial fibrillation was studied. In all 642 patients were reviewed. The incidence of embolism was high and significantly higher (p<0.05) in the group with valvular heart disease and congenital heart lesions compared to a group with mainly arteriosclerotic and hypertensive heart disease.The occurrence of embolism was not correlated to the number of conversions to sinus rhythm in either group. On the other hand, there was a lower incidence of embolism in atrial fibrillation of short duration compared to long duration. This difference, however, was significant (p<0.001) only in the non‐valvular group.These results are briefly discussed with regard to the indications for conversion of atrial fibrillation.
EVALUATION OF CHEMICAL AND MICROSCOPICAL METHODS FOR MASS DETECTION OF BACTERIURIA
Authors: Thysell Hans 
Published: August 2010

Abstract.As part of the search for a satisfactory screening test for bacteriuria suitable for mass detection, a comparison has been made of the tests that might be useful (Uroscreen, T.T.C. test, nitrite‐nitrate incubation test, catalase test, and microscopy of urine for bacteriuria and pyuria) and of quantitative urine culture, which have been carried out in parallel. The results have been compared with the earlier published results obtained by the respective methods.None of the above screening tests has been found to fulfil the demands that should be placed on a test designed for mass detection. As regards the Uroscreen, T.T.C., and nitrite‐nitrate incubation tests and microscopy of the urine for bacteriuria, their sensitivity was good but their specificity unacceptably low. Microscopy for pyuria and the catalase test showed too low sensitivity and specificity. The nitrite test was the only test with acceptable specificity but its sensitivity was too low to render it acceptable as the only screening method for mass detection. Various types of simplified urine‐culture methods and Scherstén's glucose method remain to be evaluated.
ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND PLASMA PHOSPHOLIPID LEVELS
Authors: Berlin Ragnar , Oldfelt Carl Olof , Vikrot Olle 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. A material of 22 cases of myocardial infarction has been analysed with regard to the lipid and phospholipid levels at the acute stage of the disease, and at the lime of discharge from hospital in 12 cases. Definitely decreased values of lysolecithin have been found which highly significantly differ from a reported normal material. A slight but probably significant decrease of phosphatidylethanolamine has been observed. The FFA level is also considerably elevated in comparison with the normal material. On incubation a lysolecithin increase takes place in the plasma of patients suffering from myocardial infarction as in normal subjects, and a concomitant decrease of lecithin occurs. Simultaneously triglycerides and FFA change, the former exhibiting a highly significant decrease and the latter an increase of the same significance level. As in normal subjects an esterification of free cholesterol occurs on incubation. Total cholesterol, total lipid phosphorus and sphingomyelin retain their preincubation levels as in the normal material.The increase of lysolecithin in absolute figures is distinctly below the normal one, indicating that a diminished lecithinase activity has been observed. Cholesterol esterification on incubation is also definitely decreased, suggesting a reduced fatty acid transferase activity.After the lapse of the initial disease period the same analyses were performed. At that time most patients had returned to or approached the normal lysolecithin level of their age group. The alterations after incubation at the re‐examination are the same as at the initial stage.The possible biological and clinical significance of the reported findings is discussed.
MORBIDITY OF PERNICIOUS ANAEMIA
Authors: Pedersen A. Bisgaard , Mosbech Johannes 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. On the basis of questionnaires distributed to 124 doctors and eight hospitals in the County of Odense (265,000 inhabitants), Denmark, the frequency of pernicious anaemia in the area has been calculated at September 15, 1967. There were 334 patients (224 females and 110 males) treated at this date. The prevalence was 1.3% (1.7% in females and 0.8% in males). In 60% of the patients the diagnosis was made during a stay in hospital and in 20% by examination in a central laboratory or by a specialist.The prevalence is found to be highest in the older age groups, and within these groups there has been a heavy increase over the figures found during a similar survey in 1950 within the same area.The incidence has risen from 8.9 to 9.5 per 100,000 inhabitants since 1950; and, assuming the same distribution of patients with pernicious anaemia in the entire country as in the County of Odense, it can be estimated that every year 400–450 new cases of the disease will be diagnosed and that over the whole of Denmark 6000 patients are being treated.Eighty per cent of the patients are treated with hydroxocobemin (Vibeden) and cyanocobalamin‐tannine complex (Betolvex). Forty per cent of the patients receive more than the recommended dose. The sale of vitamin B12 preparations within the County in 1966 is, however, about three times as high as the quantity which is actually used for treating the patients with pernicious anaemia and patients with other vitamin B12 deficiencies recorded.
QUANTITATIVE STUDIES ON THE LIPOLYTIC RESPONSE OF HUMAN SUBCUTANEOUS AND OMENTAL ADIPOSE TISSUE TO NORADRENALINE AND THEOPHYLLINE
Authors: Carlson Lars A. , Hallberg Dag , Micheli Horace 
Published: August 2010

Abstract.Subcutaneous and omental human adipose tissue, obtained at surgery, has been incubated in vitro, and the release of glycerol into the medium has been determined.The addition of 0.1 μg of noradrenaline stimulated the glycerol release. Maximal stimulation was obtained with 1 μg of noradrenaline.Theophylline in a concentration of 2.5 times 10‐4Mincreased lipolysis. Maximal effect was obtained with 10‐2Mconcentration, and higher concentrations tended to inhibit the release of glycerol.When maximal stimulation of lipolysis was induced with these two agents there was a tendency, most pronounced for subcutaneous tissue, towards greater lipolysis with theophylline than with noradrenaline.Subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue had similar basal release of glycerol. The omental tissue, however, had a significantly higher glycerol release than the subcutaneous tissue when they were maximally stimulated with either noradrenaline or theophylline.
PROTEIN‐BOUND IODINE DURING ANTITHYROID TREATMENT
Authors: Christensen L. Korsgaard , Skovsted L. , Hansen J. Mølholm 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. A combination of low protein‐bound iodine values and normal basal metabolic rates has been found in some thyrotoxic patients treated with antithyroid drugs. Experiments are presented which show that this observation can be explained by an increase in the triiodothyronine share of the circulating thyroid hormones in these patients.The finding of a low PBI value in an antithyroid‐treated patient will in some cases not be an indication of myxoedema. It is suggested, however, that a low PBI value also in these patients is a sign of overtreatment. The practical outcome of these experiments and considerations, consequently, is that measurement of BMR values alone does not ensure adequate control during treatment with antithyroid agents. A determination of PBI values should be included and it is suggested that the dose of antithyroid compound is adjusted to keep the PBI within normal limits.
I. THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE FAT EMBOLI IN THE POST‐ABSORPTIVE DOG
Authors: KERSTELL J. , HALLGREN B. , RUDENSTAM C.‐M. , SVANBORG A. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract.Pulmonary fat emboli were isolated in 7 post‐absorptive dogs after bone fracture. The emboli consisted mainly of triglycerides. The fatty acid composition of these triglycerides was compared with that of plasma and bone marrow triglycerides. The triglycerides in the emboli were similar to those from bone marrow but differed from those in plasma.These observations indicated that the bone marrow fat is the source of the embolised fat in the lungs in the case of trauma.It was also concluded from the literature that fat emboli occur in other non‐traumatic conditions and that there must exist other possibilities for the formation of fat emboli.
EXERCISE PERFORMANCE AND PERCEIVED EXERTION IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY INSUFFICIENCY, ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND VASOREGULATORY ASTHENIA1
Authors: Borg G. , Linderholm H. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract.A standardized work test has been performed by healthy subjects, patients with coronary heart disease, patients with arterial hypertension, and with the vasoregulatory asthenia syndrome. Heart frequency and rating of perceived exertion according to a rating method were assessed at various work loads. Different measures of physical working capacity were estimated.Patients with vasoregulatory asthenia—and patients with arterial hypertension, although less markedly—rated the exertion to be less in relation to heart frequency than healthy controls, particularly at low rating levels. On the contrary, patients with coronary heart disease rated the exertion to be higher, particularly at high ratings, in relation to heart frequency.In all patient groups studied, there was a smaller mean increase in heart rate in relation to a given increase in rating of exertion, i.e. for a given increase in heart rate there was a greater increase in rating of exertion than in healthy controls.Submaximal measures of physical working capacity were based on heart rate and rating of perceived exertion. The ratio between measurements of physical working capacity based on heart rate and those based on rating of perceived exertion was low in the VA group and high in patients with coronary insufficiency when compared with controls of equal age. Patients with a low “maximal” performance during the test also had a low submaximal physical working capacity estimated from heart frequency as well as from rating of perceived exertion.The difference found between the various patient groups, especially that between patients with coronary heart disease and patients with the vasoregulatory asthenia syndrome is of differential diagnostic value.
BLOOD FLOW IN SUBCUTANEOUS FAT TISSUE IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Häggendal Egil , Steen Bertil , Svanborg Alvar 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. A comparison of the abdominal subcutaneous fat tissue blood flow (FBF) has been made in 13 patients with diabetes mellitus and in 29 healthy individuals. As the metabolic state may influence the tissue blood flow, as well as vice versa, a possible relationship between FBF and the arterial levels of glucose, lactate, pyruvate, β‐hydroxybutyrate, free fatty acids and aceto‐acetate was searched for.The blood flow was calculated from the elimination curves from locally injected radioactive xenon.The average blood flow was significantly (p< 0.001) higher in the diabetics than in the healthy individuals. There was a significant correlation between FBF and the abdominal skin temperature both in diabetics and in healthy individuals. The skin temperature was significantly higher in the diabetics.The administration of insulin to the diabetics lowered the FBF. Prolonged fasting increased FBF in the healthy controls, as judged from observations after 17 hours of fasting. Fasting for 34 hours did not further change the FBF. No correlation was observed between the FBF and the arterial concentration of any of the substrates analyzed.
URINARY EXCRETION OF SERUM PROTEINS IN RENAL DISEASE
Authors: Kistner Sten , Norberg Renée 
Published: August 2010

Abstract.Proteins in serum and concentrated urine from 41 patients suffering from renal diseases have been examined by electrophoresis in cellulose‐acetate gel, immunoelectrophoresis, and estimation of the immunoglobulin content. Clearance of electrophoretic fractions and immunoglobulins was assessed and each value was expressed as a proportion of the albumin clearance.Patients with pyelonephritis and polycystic kidneys excreted relatively more globulin than did patients with glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, SLE, and renal amyloid. The difference was most marked in the case ofβ‐globulin, and immunoelectrophoretic analysis showed that this fraction in the first‐named patient group consisted almost exclusively of transferrin.Immunoglobulin excretion showed no marked difference between the patient groups, with the exception that the urine of the pyelonephritis and the polycystic‐kidney patients always had a low content of IgA. Other variations could be attributed to variations in the total protein clearance.The presence of bacteriuria did not influence the composition of the urine protein. High clearance of protein was noted only in patients with relatively well preserved renal function. In pyelonephritis the proteinuria was similar at different degrees of renal failure.The results are discussed with respect to the origin of proteinuria associated with renal tubular disease.
A TWO‐YEAR CIRCULATORY FOLLOW‐UP OF PHYSICAL TRAINING AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Katila M. , Frick M. H. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Circulatory effects of physical training after myocardial infarction have been evaluated in six middleaged men. The schedule consisted of studies before training, after a two month's programmed training, and after an additional two years' spontaneous physical activity. After two months three patients stopped the excess activity while three continued it at different levels.Exercise tolerance, measured by ergometry, increased in all subjects after two months. The symptoms occurred at identical heart rates but external work loads evoking these heart rates were higher. After additional two‐year activity both the loads and heart rates tolerated were higher. In the subgroup who stopped the activity, exercise tolerance was largely at the pretraining level.A decrease in tension‐time index and no change in heart volume explained the change at two months. The same parameters could be invoked to explain the deterioration of the inactive group after two years. After continued excess activity tension‐time indices during exercise were higher in two patients than the level at which symptoms occurred before training. Changes in heart volume were small after two years.It is concluded that short‐term and long‐term training responses differ in the mode by which they increase exercise tolerance. After two months' training hemodynamic changes decreasing oxygen demand of the heart are sufficient to explain the progress, whereas after two years' activity additional, so far unverified, factors are involved.
CATECHOLAMINES AND METABOLISM OF HUMAN ADIPOSE TISSUE
Authors: Efendić Suad 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The effects on lipolysis of l‐noradrenaline, l‐isopropylnoradrenaline, theophylline and N6‐2′0‐dibutyryl‐adenosine 3,5 monophosphate have been studied on sections of human subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue obtained from 17 subjects undergoing abdominal surgery.In both tissues isopropylnoradrenaline, an almost pure beta adrenergic stimulator, induced higher glycerol release than noradrenaline. The alpha adrenergic blocking agent phentolamine increased the noradrenaline‐stimulated glycerol release in both tissues. These data indicate that catecholamine‐induced lipolysis is mediated by beta adrenergic receptors and is inhibited by alpha receptors.Lipolysis induced by either noradrenaline or isopropylnoradrenaline was greater in omental than in subcutaneous adipose tissue. On the other hand theophylline, which is supposed to increase the tissue level of cyclic AMP, and administration of cyclic AMP itself (the dibutyryl form), induced almost equal lipolysis in both tissues. It is therefore suggested that the lower lipolytic response to catecholamines of subcutaneous adipose tissue is due to a lower formation of cyclic AMP.
CATECHOLAMINES AND METABOLISM OF HUMAN ADIPOSE TISSUE
Authors: Efendić Suad , Östman Jan 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The influence of glucose on the in vitro lipolysis of human omental adipose tissue has been studied. Omental tissue obtained at surgery during general anesthesia was incubated in Krebs‐Henseleit bicarbonate buffer containing 3% bovine albumin with and without added glucose (2 mg/ml). Glycerol release into the medium was considered as an index of lipolysis. Glucose enhanced the basal lipolysis and potentiated significantly the adipokinetic effects of noradrenaline, isopropylnoradrenaline and N6‐2′0‐dibutyryl cAMP (dibutyryl cAMP). The slope of glycerol release obtained for dibutyryl cAMP in glucose‐free versus glucose‐containing medium was significantly different from those obtained for noradrenaline and isopropylnoradrenaline. This difference might be explained if it is admitted that glucose stimulates lipolysis by acting on two different sites: (a) close to the triglyceride‐splitting enzyme system, and (b) close to the beta‐adrenergic receptor.In a second series of experiments the effect of glucose on the level of FFA was studied in tissue and in medium with noradrenaline present. No changes in the net release of FFA were observed, whereas a slight increase in the tissue level of FFA was demonstrated. These findings in human tissue are not in accordance with those previously described in rat epididymal fat pad, and do not justify the assumption that a decrease in the tissue level of FFA is the “trigger mechanism” for the lipolysis‐promoting effect of glucose.A marked decrease in the glycerol release was noticed when 2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose was added to medium containing noradrenaline, isopropylnoradrenaline and dibutyryl cAMP. The data are consistent with the view that glucose metabolism and the activity of triglyceride lipase are closely related.
III. Presence of LE factor in relatives and spouses
Authors: LARSEN ROLF A. 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACT:LE factor was determined in sera of 928 family members of 72 patients with SLE by an indirect LE factor test. The prevalence of LE factor was significantly increased in relatives compared with their spouses, female first degree relatives presenting the highest frequencies. The presence of LE factor in relatives was correlated to presence of rheumatic disease, but LE factor also occurred in apparently healthy relatives. The frequency of LE factor was independent of size of sibships and families and residence of the relatives.
IV. Presence of antinuclear factors (ANFs) in the total populations of relatives and spouses, and the correlation to rheumatic disease
Authors: SOLHEIM BJARTE G. , LARSEN ROLF A. 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACT:The distribution of antinuclear factors in sera of 615 relatives, and their 313 spouses, of 72 SLE probands is presented. A statistically significant, but irregular, aggregation of ANFs occurred in relatives. When the different patterns of nuclear fluorescence were analysed, the homogeneous type, but not the speckled type of ANF separated the relatives and the spouses. The correlation between ANFs and rheumatic disease was more manifest for relatives than for spouses. Non‐rheumatic relatives and spouses did not differ with regard to any type of ANF.
V. Presence of antinuclear factors (ANTFs) in and spouses of selected SLE probands
Authors: LARSEN ROLF A. , SOLHEIM BJARTE G. 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACT:Antinuclear factors (ANFs) were studied in sera of 51 SLE probands, 615 relatives and their 313 spouses who served as controls.The frequency of ANFs in the relatives was correlated to certain variables present in the SLE probands: i: A very marked accumulation of speckled ANF was found in relatives of SLE probands with marked arthritis, whose female relatives above forty years of age more frequently had a present of past history of effusions in large joints than female relatives of SLE probands without arthritis. The frequency of ANFs in relatives was also correlated with ii: the titer of ANFs in the proband and with iii: the presence of numerous LE cells at the time of diagnosis of SLE in the proband.Selection of subroups of SLE probands with defined clinical and/or serological characteristics appears to be valuable in family studies of SLE.
METABOLISM OF FRUCTOSE IN LIVER
Authors: Heinz Fritz 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. For liver a metabolic pathway for fructose has been described in which the ketosugar is phosphorylated by ketohexokinase to fructose‐1‐phosphate, which is then converted by liver aldolase to D‐glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone phosphate, an intermediate of the glycolytic pathway. D‐glyceraldehyde could be oxidized to glycerate. By phosphorylation glycerate becomes an intermediate of the Embden‐Meyerhof pathway, like D‐glyceraldehyde if phosphorylated directly by triokinase. The reduction of D‐glyceraldehyde forming glycerol, which could be phosphorylated to L‐glycerol 3‐phosphate is in variance with isotope studies with fructose‐6‐14C.This special metabolic pathway is limited to warmblooded animals and man, because only in the liver of these species ketohexokinase could be detected.An adaption of enzymes was found in rats, which have had a high fructose diet over three weeks.The activity of ketohexokinase estimated under optimal conditions and 37°C agrees well with fructose extraction rates found in liver perfusion for rat and in in vivo experiments for human liver. The fast catabolism of fructose in human liver, in contrast to glucose, is due to higher enzyme levels of ketohexokinase, in contrast to hexokinase and glucokinase. By this high phosphorylation capacity and the low activity of aldolase together with the action of metabolic inhibitors on this enzyme and the equilibrium far at the side of fructose‐1‐phosphate, fructose‐1‐phosphate will accumulate if high fructose concentrations were offered. But even under these conditions, the levels of metabolites following fructose‐1‐phosphate were enlarged.Enzyme regulations based on the high fructose‐1‐phosphate and low ATP levels were discussed.
LACTIC ACIDOSIS IN EPINEPHRINE POISONING
Authors: Kølendorf Klaus , Møller Birger Broch 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Lactic acidosis as a result of epinephrine poisoning is discussed. A case report illustrates the clinical condition after a very large dosage of epinephrine (20 mg i.v.). The pathogenesis of lactic acidosis in this situation is discussed and suggested to be of type II A and II B according to Huckabee. We advocate the treatment with insulin, glucose and bicarbonate.Lactic acidosis was first mentioned in 1925 in dehydrated children (2), but this work did not provoke any investigation of the etiology of lactic acidosis until Huckabee (5) in 1961 analysed the causes of elevated lactate concentrations in the blood. Recently Oliva (8) has published a review on the subject. We have observed an unusual cause of lactic acidosis—epinephrine poisoning—and we here discuss the possible mechanism of lactic acidosis on the basis of the present case.