bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inventory Model for Deteriorated Goods under Inflation and Permissible Delayed Payments
Authors: Verma Mini 
Published: April 2024

As-built models play a leading role in analyzing many real-world situations encountered in places such as grocery and vegetable markets, market yards, and oil extraction industries. In this article, we developed an inventory model for depleted items and set an acceptable default for inflation. Given hismodel, the demand rate is assumed to depend on the inventory, and the deterioration ratefor each position follows a Weibull distribution. This model is developed under the circumstances depending on whether the credit life is less than the cycle timeAlso, in these scenarios, new model have been developed to obtain the EOQ. Finally, we analyze the results and present working examples
The Perception of Customers Towards Sustainable Practices in Indian Banks
Authors: E. S. Sina , Vennila D. 
Published: April 2024

Sustainable Development (SD) is currently becoming more well-known. As a result, many kinds of organizations are working together to guarantee that sustainable development is noticed in pursuing their objectives, such as profit-making, providing social services, philanthropy, etc. Sustainable development (SD) is preserving the integrity of social and natural systems while pursuing economic growth. Non-Financial Reporting is a framework for organizations to report on their operations in this area, particularly about the triple bottom line or the accounting of the environment, society, and economy.
Given their critical role in funding global economic and developmental activities, financial institutions, particularly banks, must contribute significantly to sustainable development. In this context, it is challenging to overstate how important it is for banks to behave responsibly as corporate citizens in society, particularly in a growing nation like ours. Their actions should demonstrate how they care about the environment and human rights.
This paper emphasizes the significance of "Going green" and promoting sustainable practices in the Indian banking sector. The perception of customers toward Sustainable practices in Indian banks has not been the subject of much research. The study aims to comprehend how consumers feel about green banking services and their effectiveness and benefits. Friedman Ranking test and Chi-Square have been used as tools for the analysis.
Arguments Favoring Epistemic Justification of Religious Belief: A Critique
Authors: Cherukarayil Sijo Sebastian 
Published: April 2024

In the epistemological trajectory of Philosophy of Religion, contemporary religious epistemologists seem to have undertaken the task of attestation of religious beliefs, their defence, ascertainment and justification, resorting to sanctioned methods of epistemic justification. The models of epistemic justification of religious beliefs they have adopted were intended to bring in a kind of objectivity into religious realm and make meaningful assertions on shared experiences. The acclamation of such esteemed epistemic attempts should be viewed as feverish attempts made by religious epistemologists to subject religious beliefs to standard epistemic treatment. In this paper, three contemporary models of justification of religious beliefs by three outstanding religious epistemologists, namely, Alvin Plantinga whose theory of proper basicality and the warrant, the epistemological holism with the application of Lakatosian principle in Philosophy of Science by Nancey Murphy and the cumulative case evidentialism by Richard Swinburne are critically analyzed using the parameters of logical consistency, methodological acumen, norms of belief formation, the role of subjectivity, features of religious language and the hermeneutic dynamics.
Case Comment: Yagnaseni Patel v. The General Manager, Mahanadi Coalfields Ltd. & Ors. 2023 LiveLaw (Ori) 76
Authors: Verma Saumya 
Published: April 2024

This case commentary analyses the legal issue involved in the case of Yagnaseni Patel v. The General Manager, Mahanadi Coalfields Ltd. According to the Orissa High Court, the daughter has a claim to the father's property, the right is conferred at birth and the provisions respecting the rights apply on and from the date of the Amendment Act, 2005. The High Court stated that even though her father died before the 2005 Amendment, the daughter had a right. The Bench cited the case of Vineeta Sharma v. Rakesh Sharma and Others 2020 (II) OLR (SC) 569: (2020) 9 SCC 1 in which the Apex Court held that a daughter shall remain as coparcener throughout life, regardless of whether her father was alive when the law was amended in 2005 or not, emphasizing that the law is retrospective.
Keywords: “Hindu Succession Act”, “Property Right”, “Coparcenary Right”, “Retrospective Effect”
Ketamine induced acute systolic heart failure
Authors: Saliba Fares , Mina Jonathan , Aoun Laurence , Khattar Georges , Bou Sanayeh Elie , Jdaidani Jennifer , Al Saidi Ibrahim 
Published: April 2024

Background: Studies have shown major cardiovascular effects associated with ketamine use disorder including dose-dependent negative inotropic effects. Preoperative ketamine use has been linked to ketamine-induced stress cardiomyopathy. Case presentation: A 28-year-old female with a history of recurrent cystitis and ketamine use disorder (twice weekly for 14 years) presented with bilateral lower extremity oedema and shortness of breath for 3 months. She was tachycardic with a troponin level of 0.07 ng/ml and a B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level of 2511 pg/ml. Electrocardiogram showed normal sinus rhythm and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) showed left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) of 15%, dilated left ventricle, and severe tricuspid and mitral regurgitation. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest and abdomen showed bilateral pleural effusions with congestive hepatopathy and ascites. The patient was started on intravenous furosemide, metoprolol, and sacubitril/valsartan. Rheumatological workup including complement levels, and antinuclear anti-double-stranded DNA was negative. A repeat TTE 2 weeks later revealed an EF of 25% and moderate tricuspid regurgitation. Four months later, the EF was 54% with normal left ventricular cavity size. Conclusion: Although ketamine use disorder is increasing, data on long-term side effects is minimal. Screening for ketamine use disorders should be considered in patients presenting with acute systolic heart failure. Long-term studies are needed to evaluate the benefits of adding ketamine screening to standard urine toxicology.
THE MANAGEMENT OF CRITICAL BONE DEFECTS: OUTCOMES OF A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH
Authors: Tsang Shao-Ting J , van Rensburg Adrian Jansen , Epstein Gadi , Venter Rudolph , van Heerden Jason , Ferreira Nando 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe reconstruction of segmental long bone defects remains one of the holy grails of orthopaedic surgery. The optimal treatment of which remains a topic of great debate. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes following the management of critical-sized bone defects using a classification-based treatment algorithm.Materials & MethodsA retrospective review of all patients undergoing treatment for segmental diaphyseal defects of long bones at a tertiary-level limb reconstruction unit was performed. The management of the bone defect was standardised as per the classification by Ferreira and Tanwar (2020).ResultsA total of 96 patients (mean age 39.8, SD 15.2) with a minimum six months follow-up were included. Most bone defects were the result of open fractures (75/96) with 67% associated with Gustilo-Anderson IIIB injuries. There was a statistical difference in the likelihood of union between treatment strategies with more than 90% of cases undergoing acute shortening and bone transport achieving union and only 72% of cases undergoing the induced membrane technique consolidating (p=0.049). Of those defects that consolidated, there was no difference in the time to bone union between strategies (p=0.308) with an overall median time to union 8.33 months (95% CI 7.4 — 9.2 months). The induced membrane technique was associated with a 40% risk of sepsis.ConclusionsThis study reported the outcomes of a standardised approach to the management of critical-sized bone defects. Whilst overall results were supportive of this approach, the outcomes associated with the induced membrane technique require further refinement of its indications in the management of critical-sized bone defects.
ADDUCTOR CANAL BLOCKS: PROOF OF CONCEPT FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC PAIN FOLLOWING COMPLEX LOWER LIMB INJURIES?
Authors: Bell Roland , Nayak Mayur , Perello Antonio , Allen Edward , Lee Sang Yob , Mellington Andrew , Guryel Enis 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe regionalisation of major trauma in the UK has significantly improved outcomes for patients with severe, lower limb injuries. Chronic pain after complex lower limb injuries is well documented, but seems to remain a problem despite better clinical and radiological outcomes. We hypothesised that pain was mediated through the saphenous nerve, especially as most tibial injuries affected the soft tissues medially. As a proof of concept, we undertook adductor canal blocks to understand pain aetiology.Materials & MethodsPatients with chronic pain following complex lower limb trauma or congenital deformity correction have been selected and underwent an adductor canal block by one of our trauma anaesthetist that specialises in this procedure. Their outcomes were recorded in their clinical records and patients were contacted by phone to document their experiences.Results14 patients with chronic, treatment refractory lower limb pain who were being managed in our orthoplastics clinic following complex, lower limb trauma were identified. Six of those patients had required plastic coverage. Of these 14 patients, all stated their pain completely resolved after the procedure and then returned between 24 hours and 4 weeks after the procedure. Two patients underwent a saphenous nerve diversion after conduction of the blocks, reporting subsequent resolution of their complaints.ConclusionsAs a proof of concept, we report that the saphenous nerve underlies chronic pain in patients with complex lower limb injuries. An adductor canal block is an effective diagnostic tool for these patients. Saphenous diversion may offer a permanent solution in patients who respond well to saphenous nerve block. A prospective study is planned to objectively measure pain and quality of life scores after treatment of complex injuries and pre and post adductor canal block.
POSTOPERATIVE OUTCOMES OF ILIZAROV FRAME FIXATION IN THE LOWER LIMB: AN EVALUATION OF PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOME MEASURES AND ALIGNMENT
Authors: Murray Elspeth , Connaghan Jordann , Creavin K , Egglestone Anthony , Jamal Bilal 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionBy utilising the inherent variability achievable with circular frames, surgeons can manage a wide spectrum of complex injuries, and can deal with deformity at multiple levels, in multiple planes. The aim of this study was to assess functional outcomes utilising patients reported outcome measures (PROMs) of patients being treated with circular (Ilizarov) frame fixation for complex lower limb injuries and assess these results in conjunction with the observed postoperative alignment of the patients’ limbs.Materials & MethodsCases were identified using a prospectively collected database of adult patients presenting between July 2018 and August 2021. Functional outcomes were assessed using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Score (AOFAS), the 5-level EQ-5D (EQ5D5L), the Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale (LKSS), the Olerud-Molendar Ankle Score (OMAS), and the Tegner Activity Scale (TAS). Postoperative radiographs were analysed for fracture union and to quantify malunion (as described in Dror Paleys Principles of Deformity Correction).ResultsThe mean AOFAS, EQ5D5L, LKSS and OMAS scores showed an initial drop from pre-op to early time points and then steady increase over the early, mid, late and frame-off time points, with a resultant score higher than pre-op. Malunion was found in 35 (41.7%) patients, 7 patients had a malunion within 5 degrees of normal, 15 from 5–10 degrees of normal, 12 from 10–15 degrees of normal and 2 out with 15 degrees of normal.ConclusionsCircular frame fixation is an attractive option in complex lower limb trauma where alternative fixation methods are unsuitable. Whilst post-operative success to the surgeon might be determined radiographically, patient reported outcomes give a functionally important, objective measure of the success of the surgery to the patient.
THE ‘OSTEOSTASIS’ AND ITS FIVE PRINCIPLES: APPLICATION IN LIMB LENGTHENING
Authors: Guichet Jean-Marc , Clementi Daniele 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionHumans Functions (locomotion, protection of organs, reproduction) require a strong support system (bones). The ‘Osteostasis’ is the ability of maintaining the bone structure, its mechanical characteristics and function. Five principles are required for an efficient bone system:Basic Requirements:1) Stability and 2) Function. Repair System (like house building in desert or sea):3) Roads (vessels), 4) Materials (calories, proteins), 5) Workers (bone cells).Analysis of bone problems through these principles bring to optimised treatments.Materials & MethodsMeasurements (>700 lengthening, 32-year follow-up, Full WB Albizzia/G-Nails FWBAG): Bone-DEXA, WB conditions, muscle, fat, etc.Principle-1. Solid bone replacement with a 100% biocompatible and reliable FWBAG with sports (POD0).Principle-2. Bone, Muscle & neural integrity for function Principle-3. Vascular flow lesions induce non-healing (arteriography). Muscle activity accounts for 90% of bone blood flow, ×10 by sports. Required: Checks (arteriography) and treatments (training)Principle-4. Food (NRV Kcal × 2–3, 20–25% proteins).Principle-5. Maintain bone cells and increase them. Suppress ‘opening’, ‘venting’, ‘drainages’.ResultsPrinciple1. Nail fracture (1.2%), nail dysfunction (0%) with FWBAG.Principle2. Intensive sports preop and from POD0 - Principle3. Increased preop vascular supply & muscle force, postop resistance sports fasten recovery. Wheel-chair or low activity decreases healing.Principle4. 6–9 cm circumference loss (non WB-nails or no proper training); 0 cm circumference loss (gain <10 cm) with intense resistance training + high calory intake. - Principle5. Bone cells preservation (no opening, IM saw, increasing bone cells) allow Healing Index down to 8D/cm.ConclusionsThe ‘5P’ allow reaching treatment targets by optimisation of problem solving, maintaining Osteostasis. What would I like or tolerate for me? How can I reach it? Full WB and sports from POD0 was a target 38 years-ago, still not enforced by most of us. Resistance sports, high-calory intake suppress muscle loss and fasten healing, thanks to muscle blood flow and the ‘5P’.
ANTEGRADE INTRAMEDULLARY FEMORAL LENGTHENING AND DISTAL TEMPORARY HEMIEPIPHYSIODESIS FOR COMBINED DEFORMITY CORRECTION
Authors: Laufer Andrea , Frommer Adrien , Gosheger Georg , Toporowski Gregor , Rölfing Jan Duedal , Antfang Carina , Roedl Robert , Vogt Bjoern 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionCoronal malalignment and leg length discrepancies (LLD) are frequently associated. Temporary hemiepiphysiodesis (tHED) is commonly employed for the correction of limb malalignment in skeletally immature patients. For treatment of LLD greater than 2 cm, lengthening with intramedullary legnthening nails is a safe and reliable technique. However, the combined application of these approaches in skeletally immature patients has not yet been investigated.Materials & MethodsRetrospective radiological and clinical analysis of 25 patients (14 females, 11 males) who underwent intramedullary femoral lengthening with an antegrade PRECICE® lengthening nail as well as tHED of the distal femur and / or proximal tibia between 2014 and 2019. tHED was conducted by implantation of flexible staples (FlexTack™) either prior (n = 11), simultaneously (n = 10), or subsequently (n = 4) to femoral lengthening. The mean follow-up period was 3.7 years (±1.4).ResultsThe median initial LLD was 39.0 mm (35.0–45.0). 21 patients (84%) presented valgus and 4 (16%) showed varus malalignment. Leg length equalization was achieved in 13 patients at skeletal maturity (62%). The median LLD of patients with a residual LLD > 10 mm was 15.5 mm (12.8–21.8). Limb realignment was obtained in nine of seventeen skeletally mature patients (53%) in the valgus group, and in one of four patients (25%) in the varus group.ConclusionsThe combination of antegrade femoral lengthening and tHED can efficiently correct LLD and coronal limb malalignment in skeletally immature patients. Nevertheless, achieving limb length equalization and realignment may render difficult in cases of severe LLD and angular deformity. Furthermore, the reported techniques ought to be thoroughly planned and executed and require regular clinical and radiological examinations until skeletal maturity to avoid - or timely detect and manage - adverse events such as overcorrection and rebound of deformity.
PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOME MEASURES (PROMS) AND INCIDENCE OF SECONDARY TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY (TKA) IN SCHATZKER GRADE V AND VI TIBIAL PLATEAU FRACTURES MANAGED BY CIRCULAR EXTERNAL FIXATION (CEF): A 15-YEAR SINGLE-CENTRE EXPERIENCE
Authors: Tareef Tareq , Groom William , Moulder Elizabeth , Muir Ross , Barron Elizabeth , Hadland Yvonne , Sharma Hemant 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionSchatzker V & VI tibial plateau fractures are serious life-changing injuries often resulting in significant complications including post-traumatic arthritis. Reported incidence of secondary TKA following ORIF of all tibial plateau fractures is 7.3% and 13% for Schatzker V & VI tibial. This study reports a 15-year single centre experience of CEF of Schatzker V & VI fractures including PROMs and incidence of secondary TKA. This study was approved by the local Institutional board.Materials & MethodsAll patients from 2007 – 2022 with Schatzker V or VI fractures treated with CEF were identified from a departmental limb reconstruction registry and included in this retrospective study. Patients’ demographics were collected from electronic institutional patient system. Further data was collected for secondary intervention, adverse events, and alignment at discharge. All deceased patients at the time of the study were excluded.Each participant completed a questionnaire about secondary intervention, EQ-5D-3L and Oxford Knee Score (OKS).Results90 patients (from 130 eligible) with an average age of 58.3 years completed the questionnaire. At an average follow up of 7.4 years (SD=3.8) the incidence of secondary TKA was 7.8%. There was no significant correlation between articular incongruity and the incidence of secondary TKA.The mean OKS score was 31.7 (SD=13.3). The mean EQ-VAS was 69.3 (SD=23.3) and the mean EQ-5D Index was 0.595 (SD=0.395), both were significantly lower than UK normal population means.ConclusionsThis study is probably one of the largest and with the longest follow-up reporting the outcomes of Schatzker V and VI fractures treated with CEF. It appears that articular incongruity has no significant correlation with secondary TKA. Patients reported EQ-5D-3L scores were significantly lower than those for the normal UK population, and the average EQ-VAS has deteriorated with time.This study would be relevant in counselling and consenting patients with this severe injury.
GUIDED GROWTH SURGERY FOR TREATMENT OF PATELLAR INSTABILITY IN GENU VALGUM
Authors: Aithie Joanna , Oag Erlend , Butcher Rachael , Messner Juergen 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionGenu valgum is a common presentation in paediatric patients with congenital limb deformities. The aim of this study is to assess the outcome of guided growth surgery in paediatric patients referred via our physiotherapy pathway with isolated genu valgum and associated patellar instability.Materials & MethodsPatients were identified from our prospective patellar instability database. Inclusion criteria was acquired or congenital genu valgum associated with patellar instability in skeletally immature patients. The mechanical lateral-distal femoral angle was assessed on long leg alignment radiographs (mLDFA <85 degrees). Surgical treatment was the placement of a guided growth plate (PediPlate, OrthoPediatrics, USA) on the medial distal femoral physis (hemi-epiphysiodesis). KOOS-child scores were collected pre-operatively and post-operatively (minimum at 6 months).ResultsEleven patients (seven female) with mean age of 12(range 5–15) were identified. Five patients had congenital talipes equinovarus(CTEV), one fibular hemimelia, one di-George syndrome, one septic growth arrest and three had idiopathic genu valgum. Pre- and post-operative KOOS-child scores showed overall improvement: 58(range 36–68) to 88(65–99) and knee symptoms subscores: 64(43–71) to 96(68–100) p<0.01, t-test.Mean follow-up was 10 months (range 3–23). No subsequent dislocations/subluxations occurred during follow-up.ConclusionsGuided growth surgery is an effective way of treating symptomatic patellar instability in skeletally immature patients with genu valgum in the absence of other structural pathology. It was most common in our cohort in patients with unilateral CTEV. We would recommend to screen syndromic and congenital limb deformity patients for patellar instability symptoms in the presence of genu valgum.
DOES GAIT LAB ASSESSMENT ASSIST IN DECISION MAKING IN PAEDIATRIC LIMB RECONSTRUCTION SURGERY?
Authors: Aithie Joanna , Herman Jan , Holt Katherine , Gaston Mark , Messner Juergen 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionLimb deformity is usually assessed clinically assisted by long leg alignment radiographs and further imaging modalities (MRI and CT). Often decisions are made based on static imaging and simple gait interpretation in clinic. We have assessed the value of gait lab analysis in surgical decision making comparing surgical planning pre and post gait lab assessment.Materials & MethodsPatients were identified from the local limb reconstruction database. Patients were reviewed in the outpatient clinic and long leg alignment radiographs and a CT rotational limb profile were performed. A surgical plan was formulated and documented. All patients then underwent a formal gait lab analysis. The gait lab recommendations were then compared to the initial plan.ResultsTwelve patients (8 female) with mean age of 14 (range 12–16) were identified. Nine were developmental torsional malalignments, one arthrogryposis, one hemiparesis secondary to spinal tumour resection and one syndromic limb deficiency. The gait lab recommended conservative management in four patients and agreed with eight surgical plans with one osteotomy level changing.Five patients are post-operative: two bilateral distal tibial osteotomies, two de-rotational femoral osteotomy with de-rotational tibial osteotomies and one bilateral femoral de-rotational osteotomies.ConclusionsLimb deformity correction is major surgery with long rehabilitation and recovery period. Gait lab analysis can identify who would benefit from conservative management rather than surgery with our study showing changes to surgical planning in one third of patients. The gait lab analysis helps to identify patients with functional and neuromuscular imbalances where correcting the bony anatomy may not actually benefit the patient.