bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of seizure freedom after surgery for malformations of cortical development
Authors: Chang Edward F. , Wang Doris D. , Barkovich A. James , Tihan Tarik , Auguste Kurtis I. , Sullivan Joseph E. , Garcia Paul A. , Barbaro Nicholas M. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractObjective:Malformations of cortical development (MCDs) are a major cause of medically refractory epilepsy. Our aim was to examine a surgical series of patients with cortical malformations to determine the prognostic factors associated with long‐term seizure control.Methods:We conducted a retrospective review of 143 patients with MCD who underwent resective surgery for medically refractory epilepsy. Demographic, imaging, histopathologic, and surgical variables were analyzed for potential association with seizure freedom. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was evaluated in a blind fashion and classified according to a new imaging/embryologic MCD classification system.Results:Gray‐white blurring on MRI, smaller lesions, complete resection of structural lesions, complete resection of abnormal electrocorticographic areas, and locally confined electrocorticographic abnormalities are favorable prognosticators of seizure freedom on univariate analysis. Imaging features consistent with abnormal proliferation (Barkovich class I) were associated with better outcome compared to those related to abnormal neuronal migration (class II) or abnormal cortical organization (class III). Multivariate logistic regression revealed complete resection of tissue manifesting electrocorticographic and/or MRI anatomic abnormalities as the main independent predictor of seizure freedom. Other histopathologic or demographic factors were not associated with seizure control. Long‐term follow‐up of patients demonstrated sustained overall rates of seizure control (72% at 2 years, 65% at 5 years, and 67% at 10 years).Interpretation:Surgery for MCDs can result in high rates of seizure freedom. Complete resection of electrocorticographic and anatomic abnormalities appears to be most predictive of long‐term seizure control. ANN NEUROL 2011
The generalized SIC‐OEP formalism and the generalized SIC‐Slater approximation (stationary and time‐dependent cases)
Authors: Messud J. , Dinh P.M. , Reinhard P.‐G. , Suraud E. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractWe present a generalized formulation of the Optimized Effective Potential (OEP) approach to the Self Interaction Correction (SIC) problem in Time Dependent (TD) Density Functional Theory (DFT). The formulation relies on the introduction of a double set of single electron orbitals. It allows the derivation of a generalized Slater approximation to the full OEP formulation, which extends the domain of validity of the standard Slater approximation. We discuss both formal aspects and practical applications of the new formalism and give illustrations in cluster and molecules. The new formalism provides a valuable ansatz to more elaborate (and computationally very demanding) full TD OEP and full TD SIC calculations especially in the linear domain.
Synthesis and characterization of magnetic nanocomposites of fullerene‐containing polyurethane films for microwave applications
Authors: Chopra Swati , Pandey Mritunjay Kr. , Alam Sarfaraz 
Published: February 2011

AbstractNovel nanocomposites of barium hexaferrite‐ and fullerene‐containing polyurethane were synthesized and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffractometry, and energy‐dispersive X‐ray diffraction. The nanoparticles showed good dispersion in the polyurethane matrix. Their thermal, mechanical, and electromagnetic absorbance properties were studied. The complex permeability and permittivity were measured in the frequency range of 8.2–12.4 GHz. The maximum reflection loss of the nanocomposites was found to increase with increasing the ferrite content from 1% to 5%, with maximum value of −7.5 dB at only 5% composition. The incorporation of nanofiller not only imparts mechanical strength to the nanocomposite but also shows good radar‐absorbing properties at only 5% filler concentration. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Development of porous polymer monolith by photoinitiated polymerization
Authors: Yu Suzhu , Ng Feng Lin , Ma Khin Cho Cho , Ng Fern Lan , Zhao Jianhong , Tong Steven Kin Kong 
Published: February 2011

AbstractPorous polymer monoliths have been successfully prepared by photoinitiated polymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) monomers in porogenic solvent of methanol. Mercury intrusion porosimetry and scanning electron microscope are used to characterize the porous properties; nevertheless, the pore size obtained from both techniques is not comparable. The porous structure of the porous polymers is controlled by the phase separation during the polymerization and crosslinking. By varying the composition of the starting solution such as initiator fraction, BMA/EDMA ratio, porogen fraction, and UV intensity, porous polymers with median pore size from about 140 nm to 3 μm can be obtained, and the pore size distribution for majority of the porous polymers is also narrow. The results present a very positive prospect to microfluidic applications. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
The effect of hybrid nanoparticle additives on epoxy‐nanocomposite behavior and morphology
Authors: Jahren Susannah , Männle Ferdinand , Graff Joachim Moe , Olafsen Kjell 
Published: February 2011

AbstractAmine modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS‐NH2) was used to modify sodium montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclays for improved dispersion in epoxy resin. The dispersion of the clay particles was inspected using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X‐Ray diffraction and the thermal properties compared using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravametric analysis. The introduction of the amine‐POSS was found to have a positive effect on the dispersion of the MMT clays and prevented agglomeration. The absence of clay agglomerates lead to an increase in glass transition temperature (Tg) from 44°C in the samples with the untreated clay up to 54°C in the samples with 10% additional POSS‐NH2. The addition of POSS‐NH2 initial increase of the weight loss (Td
5%) but slowed down the rate of degradation due to the formation of an inert silica layer and eventually leading to an increased charyield. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Thermal degradation and pyrolysis study of phosphorus‐containing polysulfones
Authors: Petreus Oana , Lisa Gabriela , Avram Ecaterina , Rosu Dan 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis article deals with the thermal decomposition behavior of a polysulfone containing 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide versus the initial chloromethylated polysulfone under an inert atmosphere and in air. Thermogravimetric characteristics from thermogravimetry and differential thermogravimetry data revealed important differences related to the employed atmosphere, the types of substituted functional groups, or the degree of substitution. The introduction of the 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide pendent group into polysulfone enhanced the thermal stability of the initial chloromethylated polysulfone in both an inert atmosphere and air. Thermal degradation in nitrogen consisted of one degradation step, whereas thermooxidative degradation in air involved more steps. In air, the degradation mechanism was more complex. The volatile products and solid residues that resulted after pyrolysis in an inert atmosphere and in air were analyzed with Fourier transform infrared and mass spectrometry. Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the char residues had different morphologies, which suggested that a more compact structure led to better resistance to heat and oxygen. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 000: 000–000, 2011
Hybridized reinforcement of natural rubber with silane‐modified short cellulose fibers and silica
Authors: Lopattananon Natinee , Jitkalong Dolmalik , Seadan Manus 
Published: February 2011

AbstractNatural‐rubber‐based hybrid composites were prepared by the mixture of short cellulose fibers and silica of different relative contents with a 20‐phr filler loading with a laboratory two‐roll mill. The processability and tensile properties of the hybrid composites were analyzed. The tensile modulus improved, but the tensile strength and elongation at break decreased with increasing cellulose fiber content. The scorch safety improved with the addition of 5‐phr cellulose fiber in the composites. The Mooney viscosity significantly decreased with increasing cellulose fiber content. To modify the surface properties of the cellulose fiber and silica fillers, a silane coupling agent [bis(triethoxysilylpropyl)tetrasulfide, or Si69] was used. The effects of Si69 treatment on the processing and tensile properties of the hybrid composites were assessed. We found that the silane treatment of both fillers had significant benefits on the processability but little benefit on the rubber reinforcement. The strength of the treated hybrid composite was comparable to that of silica‐reinforced natural rubber. Furthermore, to investigate the filler surface modification and to determine the mixing effects, infrared spectroscopic and various microscopic techniques, respectively, were used. From these results, we concluded that the fillers were better dispersed in the composites, and the compatibility of the fillers and natural rubber increased with silane treatment. In conclusion, the hybridized use of short cellulose fibers from a renewable resource and silica with Si69 presented in this article offers practical benefits for the production of rubber‐based composites having greater processability and more environmental compatibility than conventional silica‐filler‐reinforced rubber. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Preparation of Cu(II)‐chelated poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofibrous membranes for catalase immobilization
Authors: Feng Quan , Xia Xin , Wei Anfang , Wang Xueqian , Wei Qufu , Huo Dayin , Wei Anjing 
Published: February 2011

AbstractPoly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofibers were formed by electrospinning. Metal chelated nanofibrous membranes were prepared by reaction between Cu(II) solution and nanofibers, and which were used as the matrix for catalases immobilization. The constants of Cu(II) adsorption and properties of immobilized catalases were studied in this work. The Cu(II) concentration was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS), the immobilized enzymes were confirmed by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the amounts of immobilized enzymes were determined by the method of Bradford on an ultraviolet spectrophotometer (UV). Adsorption of Cu(II) onto PVA nanofibers was studied by the Langmuir isothermal adsorption model. The maximum amount of coordinated Cu(II) (qm) was 2.1 mmol g−1 (dry fiber), and the binding constant (Kl) was 0.1166 L mmol−1. The immobilized catalases showed better resistance to pH and temperature inactivation than that of free form, and the thermal and storage stabilities of immobilized catalases were higher than that of free catalases. Kinetic parameters were analyzed for both immobilized and free catalases. The value of Vmax (8425.8 μmol mg−1) for the immobilized catalases was smaller than that of the free catalases (10153.6 μmol mg−1), while the Km for the immobilized catalases were larger. It was also found that the immobilized catalases had a high affinity with substrate, which demonstrated that the potential of PVA‐Cu(II) chelated nanofibrous membranes applied to enzyme immobilization and biosensors. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Preparation of monodisperse magnetic polystyrene microspheres and its surface chemical modification
Authors: Liu Gang , Guan Yueping , Ge Ying , Xie Li 
Published: February 2011

AbstractMonodisperse magnetic polystyrene (PS) microspheres were prepared in the presence of PS seed particles and styrene‐based magnetic colloid by the method of magnetic colloid swelling polymerization. The PS seed particles were prepared in advance by soap‐free emulsion polymerization. Styrene‐based magnetic colloid was used for swelling the PS seed particles in the magnetic colloid swelling polymerization process. After polymerization, functional amino groups were introduced onto the surface of the magnetic PS microspheres by surface Friedel‐Crafts acylation reaction. The morphology, size distribution, and magnetic properties of magnetic PS microspheres were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), respectively. SEM showed that the magnetic PS microspheres had an average size of 1078 nm with a narrow size distribution. VSM showed that the magnetic PS microspheres were superparamagnetic, and saturation magnetization was found to be 5.714 emu/g. The concentration of functional amino groups on the surface of magnetic PS microspheres was measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy and UV−Vis spectroscopy, and the concentration of amino groups was found to be 0.168 mmol/g. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
On the structure‐properties relationship in montmorillonite‐filled polyamide 6 nanocomposites
Authors: Motovilin Mladen , Denchev Zlatan , Dencheva Nadya 
Published: February 2011

AbstractPolyamide 6/montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposites were prepared by melt compounding method comprising 1–7.5 wt % of Nanomer I.24 TL or 5 and 10 wt % of Cloisite 15A organically modified nanoclays. The composite samples were characterized by synchrotron X‐ray, thermal and FT‐IR spectroscopy methods looking for changes in the micro‐ and nanostructure of both PA6 matrix and MMT reinforcement as a function of the clay content and type. These data were discussed in conjunction with the mechanical properties of the respective nanocomposites. Generally, the Young's modulus was found to increase proportionally to the clay content being the highest in samples with strong aggregation of MMT at micron length scale. The tensile strength passed through a maximum at 2.5 wt % clay load presenting a homogeneous microstructure with almost no agglomeration. Increasing the amount of MMT produced less crystalline PA6 matrices, richer in γ‐PA6 polymorph and resulted in larger long spacings of PA6 due to expansion of both crystalline and amorphous domains. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.
Preparation and characterization of silver‐chitosan nanocomposite particles with antimicrobial activity
Authors: An Jing , Luo Qingzhi , Yuan Xiaoyan , Wang Desong , Li Xueyan 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA nanocomposite of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) embedded in chitosan (Cts) matrix was successfully synthesized by crosslinking technology. Colloidal AgNPs formed in situ by chemical reduction of silver ions in presence of Cts showed a good stability. Transmission electron micrographs, X‐ray diffraction patterns, and UV‐visible spectra of Ag‐Cts composite particles confirmed the formation of silver nanocrystals. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy verified the presence of Cts as a stabilizing agent surrounded AgNPs. Thermogravimetric‐differential scanning calorimeter analysis revealed Ag‐Cts nanocomposite had a higher thermal stability than Cts. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggested that the Ag‐O bond in the nanocomposite coule lead to the tight combination between silver and Cts. Microbial experiments showed the nanocomposite had excellent and wide spectrum antibacterial properties, and were more efficient than either AgNPs or Cts alone for inactivating bacteria. Therefore, the resultant nanocomposite could be used as antimicrobial materials for medical and biological applications. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.
Employing of some hyperbranched polyesteramides as new polymeric admixtures for cement
Authors: Amin A. , Darweesh H. H. M. , Ramadan A. M. , Morsi S. M. M. , Ayoub M. M. H. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractHyperbranched polyesteramides (HBPA1 and HBPA2) were synthesized by the bulk polycondensation of maleic anhydride (MAn) as an A2 monomer with both of diisopropanolamine (DIPA) and diethanolamine (DEA), respectively, as B′B2 monomer. The prepared polymers were analyzed with IR, GPC, 1H NMR, TGA, and DSC. The hyperbranched polyesteramides were applied as polymeric admixtures in two different types of cement, namely ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and Portland limestone cement (PLC). Several parameters were studied to evaluate the action of HBPA1 and HBPA2 polymers as cement admixtures. Adding HBPA1 and HBPA2 decreased the water of consistency and increased the compressive strength with no effect on the chemical composition of the cement phases. The combined water content and bulk density displayed the same trend as compressive strength. The IR spectra of the formed phases for the mixed cement pastes with HBPA1 and HBPA2 illustrated increased intensities of the absorption bands than those of the pristine cement pastes. The SEM photos showed that the incorporation of HBPA1 and HBPA2 in cement phases affected the morphology and microstructure of the formed hydrates. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Immobilization of microorganisms within porous polymeric capsules
Authors: Nagashima Ryohichi , Hirose Haruko , Matsuyama Hideto 
Published: February 2011

AbstractPorous capsules suitable for immobilizing yeast and Escherichia coli were prepared by the phase separation of poly(m‐phenylene isophthalamide) solution. The microorganisms were coated with starch or dextrin, which was subsequently extracted after capsule formation but served both to position the microorganisms in the capsule pores and to form spaces around the microorganisms. Fermentation experiments were carried out with capsules immobilizing yeast. Yeasts could be cultivated in the capsules, and effective release of CO2 produced by the fermentation was observed with capsules prepared using polyethylene glycol because of the porous structure at the capsule surfaces. Notably, yeasts could be cultivated at high density even after 1 year. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Investigation of electrospun and film‐cast PVC membranes incorporated with aliquat 336 for efficient Cd extraction: A comparative study
Authors: Wong Lisa , Shen Wei , Truong Yen Bach 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis article was aimed to investigate the cadmium extraction behaviors of the two different polyvinyl chloride membranes incorporating Aliquat 336—electrospinning and film‐casting. An optimal investigation condition for membranes used in the extraction process was produced at 25 kV with 10 cm tip‐to‐collector distance. Membranes were electrospun for 8 h at 200 μL/h. Membrane extraction studies were carried out using a 127 mg/L Cd(II) solution. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images revealed differences in fiber diameters and membrane morphology. The addition of Aliquat produced very fine fibers (7–722 nm) resulting Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) surface areas of 4.67–11.3 m2/g for electrospun membranes and 1.70–5.44 m2/g for film‐casted membranes. Extraction studies using membranes with different levels of Aliquat (0–40% w/w) revealed that the cadmium extraction performance of electrospun membranes was significantly better than conventional film‐cast membranes. For 40% Aliquat 336, with an initial concentration of 127 mg/L Cd, the cast membrane extracted down to concentration to 115 mg/L as compared to electrospun membrane, which extracted down to 88 mg/L within 40 h. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Solvent‐assisted extrusion of polypropylene/clay nanocomposites
Authors: Castel Charles Dal , Oviedo Mauro A. S. , Liberman Susana A. , Oliveira Ricardo V. B. , Mauler Raquel S. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractPolypropylene (PP) nanocomposites were prepared by a melting‐compounding process with a montmorillonite (MMT) suspension. In this process, an organically modified MMT was swollen in a polar solvent and blended with molten PP in an extruder; this was followed by solvent removal. The effect of a coswelling agent was also evaluated. The nanocomposites were characterized with X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the mechanical properties of the materials were studied. The nanocomposites prepared with the clay suspension presented a remarkable increase in the impact strength with the maintenance of their flexural modulus. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were found to be related to the interaction between PP and the clay. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Preparation of mesophase pitch‐based carbon foams with supercritical toluene
Authors: Lu Yonggen , Li Zhiqiang , Wang Peng , Yang Changling 
Published: February 2011

AbstractMesophase pitch‐based carbon foams were prepared with supercritical toluene. The effects of the foaming conditions, such as the solvent proportions, temperatures, initial pressures, and pressure drop rates, on the cell densities and mean cell diameters of the carbon foams were studied. The foaming mechanism was analyzed with the theories of homogeneous nucleation. The carbon foams varied in cell densities and cell structure from three‐dimensional interconnected to closed sizing in the range 200 to 800 μm when they were generated under different conditions. The carbon foam structure could be optimized with cell densities of 10–16 × 103 cm−3 and cell diameters from 400 to 450 μm, under the conditions where the temperature was 588 K, the initial pressure was 3.0 MPa, the pressure drop rate was 1.5 MPa/s, and the solvent proportion was 30 wt %. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Structure and tensile properties of Nanoclay–Polypropylene fibers produced by melt spinning
Authors: Rangasamy Loganathan , Shim Eunkyoung , Pourdeyhimi Behnam 
Published: February 2011

AbstractNanocomposite fibers of polypropylene and montmorillonite‐based organoclay were produced by a melt‐spinning process, and their structures and mechanical properties were studied. The addition of nanoclay in polypropylene increased the rate of crystallization and altered the microstructures of the fibers. Increases in the crystal size and a reduction in the molecular orientation were observed in the nanoclay–polypropylene composite fibers. The tensile properties of nanoclay composite fibers were also studied, and decreases in the fiber modulus and tenacity and increases in the strain at break were observed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Design, Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of a New Series of Isoxazolidine Based Nucleoside Analogues
Authors: Piotrowska Dorota G. , Cieślak Marcin , Królewska Karolina , Wróblewski Andrzej E. 
Published: February 2011

Abstract5‐Arylisoxazolidin‐3‐yl‐3‐diethoxyphosphonates have been synthesized from N‐methyl‐C‐diethoxyphosphorylnitrone and vinyl aryls in good yields and their transformation into the respective phosphonic acids has been accomplished via dealkylation procedure using trimethylsilyl bromide. Phosphonates having 1‐ and 2‐naphthyl substituents at C5 in the isoxazolidine ring as well as the respective phosphonic acids have been found cytotoxic to HeLa and K562 cells with IC50 in the 0.1–0.3 mM range. Preliminary studies on mechanism of action imply that intercalation to DNA is not responsible for their cytotoxic properties.
Oligonucleotide‐Based Luminescent Detection of Metal Ions
Authors: Ma Dik‐Lung , Chan Daniel Shiu‐Hin , Man Bradley Yat‐Wah , Leung Chung‐Hang 
Published: February 2011

AbstractMetal ions are prevalent in biological systems and are critically involved in essential life processes. However, excess concentrations of metals can pose a serious danger to living organisms. Oligonucleotides represent a versatile sensing platform for the detection of various molecular entities including metal ions. This review summarizes the recent advances in the development of oligonucleotide‐based luminescent detection methods for metal ions.