bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consent for genetic research in the Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Levy Daniel , Splansky Greta Lee , Strand Nicolle K. , Atwood Larry D. , Benjamin Emelia J. , Blease Susan , Cupples L. Adrienne , D'Agostino Ralph B. , Fox Caroline S. , Kelly‐Hayes Margaret , Koski Greg , Larson Martin G. , Mutalik Karen M. , Oberacker Elizabeth , O'Donnell Christopher J. , Sutherland Patrice , Valentino Maureen , Vasan Ramachandran S. , Wolf Philip A. , Murabito Joanne M. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractExtensive efforts have been aimed at understanding the genetic underpinnings of complex diseases that affect humans. Numerous genome‐wide association studies have assessed the association of genes with human disease, including the Framingham Heart Study (FHS), which genotyped 550,000 SNPs in 9,000 participants. The success of such efforts requires high rates of consent by participants, which is dependent on ethical oversight, communications, and trust between research participants and investigators. To study this we calculated percentages of participants who consented to collection of DNA and to various uses of their genetic information in two FHS cohorts between 2002 and 2009. The data included rates of consent for providing a DNA sample, creating an immortalized cell line, conducting research on various genetic conditions including those that might be considered sensitive, and for notifying participants of clinically significant genetic findings were above 95%. Only with regard to granting permission to share DNA or genetic findings with for‐profit companies was the consent rate below 95%. We concluded that the FHS has maintained high rates of retention and consent for genetic research that has provided the scientific freedom to establish collaborations and address a broad range of research questions. We speculate that our high rates of consent have been achieved by establishing frequent and open communications with participants that highlight extensive oversight procedures. Our approach to maintaining high consent rates via ethical oversight of genetic research and communication with study participants is summarized in this report and should be of help to other studies engaged in similar types of research. Published 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dominant TRPV4 mutations in nonlethal and lethal metatropic dysplasia
Authors: Camacho Natalia , Krakow Deborah , Johnykutty Sharlin , Katzman Philip J. , Pepkowitz Samuel , Vriens Joris , Nilius Bernd , Boyce Brendan F. , Cohn Daniel H. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractMetatropic dysplasia is a clinical heterogeneous skeletal dysplasia characterized by short extremities, a short trunk with progressive kyphoscoliosis, and craniofacial abnormalities that include a prominent forehead, midface hypoplasia, and a squared‐off jaw. Dominant mutations in the gene encoding TRPV4, a calcium permeable ion channel, were identified all 10 of a series of metatropic dysplasia cases, ranging in severity from mild to perinatal lethal. These data demonstrate that the lethal form of the disorder is dominantly inherited and suggest locus homogeneity in the disease. Electrophysiological studies demonstrated that the mutations activate the channel, indicating that the mechanism of disease may result from increased calcium in chondrocytes. Histological studies in two cases of lethal metatropic dysplasia revealed markedly disrupted endochondral ossification, with reduced numbers of hypertrophic chondrocytes and presence of islands of cartilage within the zone of primary mineralization. These data suggest that altered chondrocyte differentiation in the growth plate leads to the clinical findings in metatropic dysplasia. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cuisine: Classification using stylistic feature sets and/or name‐based feature sets
Authors: HaCohen‐Kerner Yaakov , Beck Hananya , Yehudai Elchai , Rosenstein Mordechay , Mughaz Dror 
Published: April 2010

AbstractDocument classification presents challenges due to the large number of features, their dependencies, and the large number of training documents. In this research, we investigated the use of six stylistic feature sets (including 42 features) and/or six name‐based feature sets (including 234 features) for various combinations of the following classification tasks: ethnic groups of the authors and/or periods of time when the documents were written and/or places where the documents were written. The investigated corpus contains Jewish Law articles written in Hebrew–Aramaic, which present interesting problems for classification. Our system CUISINE (Classification UsIng Stylistic feature sets and/or NamE‐based feature sets) achieves accuracy results between 90.71 to 98.99% for the seven classification experiments (ethnicity, time, place, ethnicity&time, ethnicity&place, time&place, ethnicity&time&place). For the first six tasks, the stylistic feature sets in general and the quantitative feature set in particular are enough for excellent classification results. In contrast, the name‐based feature sets are rather poor for these tasks. However, for the most complex task (ethnicity&time&place), a hill‐climbing model using all feature sets succeeds in significantly improving the classification results. Most of the stylistic features (34 of 42) are language‐independent and domain‐independent. These features might be useful to the community at large, at least for rather simple tasks.
Stability analysis and output‐feedback stabilization of discrete‐time systems with a time‐varying state delay and nonlinear perturbation
Authors: Chen K. F. , Fong I. K. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThis paper aims to derive stability conditions and an output‐feedback stabilization method for discrete‐time systems with a time‐varying state delay and nonlinear perturbation. With a new way of handling the Lyapunov stability criterion, linear matrix inequality conditions are obtained for estimating bounds on delay to ensure the asymptotic stability. Based on the conditions, a synthesis procedure is developed for finding stabilizing output‐feedback gains, which are formulated as direct design variables. Three numerical examples are employed to demonstrate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Prospects of stellar abundance studies from near‐IR spectra observed with the E‐ELT
Authors: Ryde N. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIn 2006 ESO Council authorized a Phase B study of a European AO‐telescope with a 42 m segmented primary with a 5‐mirror design, the E‐ELT. Several reports and working groups have already presented science cases for an E‐ELT, specifically exploiting the new capabilities of such a large telescope. One of the aims of the design has been to find a balance in the performances between an E‐ELT and the James Webb Space Telescope, JWST. Apart from the larger photon‐collecting area, the strengths of the former is the higher attainable spatial and spectral resolutions. The E‐ELT AO system will have an optimal performance in the near‐IR, which makes it specially advantageous. High‐resolution spectroscopy in the near‐infrared has, however, not been discussed much. This paper aims at filling that gap, by specifically discussing spectroscopy of stellar (mainly red giant), photospheric abundances. Based on studies in the literature of stellar abundances, at the needed medium to high spectral resolutions in the near‐infrared (0.8–2.4 μm), I will try to extrapolate published results to the performance of the E‐ELT and explore what could be done at the E‐ELT in this field. A discussion on what instrument characteristics that would be needed for stellar abundance analyses in the near‐IR will be given (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Elemental abundance analyses with DAO spectrograms: XXX. The middle B through early A stars ξ2 Ceti (B9 III), 21 Aquilae (B8 II‐III), ι Aquilae (B5 III), and ι Delphini (A2V)
Authors: Adelman S.J. , Westbrook P.C. , Gulliver A.F. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThis series of high quality elemental abundance analyses of mostly main‐sequence band normal and peculiar B, A, and F stars defines their properties and provides data for the comparison with the analyses of somewhat similar stars and with theoretical predictions. Most use high dispersion and high S/N (≥ 200) spectrograms obtained with CCD detectors at the long camera of the Coudé spectrograph of the 1.22‐m Dominion Astrophysical Observatory telescope. Here we reanalyze 21 Aql with better quality spectra and increase the number of stars consistently analyzed in the spectral range B5 to A2 by analyzing three new stars for this series. In the early A stars the normal and non‐mCP stars have abundances with overlapping ranges. But more stars are needed especially in the B5 to B9 range. ξ2 Cet on average has a solar composition with a few abundances outside the solar range while both 21 Aql and ι Aql have abundances marginally less than solar. The abundances of ι Del are greater than solar with a few elements such as Ca being less than solar. It is an Am star (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
STK: A new CCD camera at the University Observatory Jena
Authors: Mugrauer M. , Berthold T. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe Schmidt‐Teleskop‐Kamera (STK) is a new CCD‐imager, which is operated since begin of 2009 at the University Observatory Jena. This article describes the main characteristics of the new camera. The properties of the STK detector, the astrometry and image quality of the STK, as well as its detection limits at the 0.9 m telescope of the University Observatory Jena are presented (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
HD 1: The number‐one star in the sky
Authors: Strassmeier K.G. , Weber M. , Granzer T. , Dall T.H. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe present the first ever study of the bright star HD 1. The star was chosen arbitrarily just because of its outstanding Henry Draper number. Surprisingly, almost nothing is known about this bright 7.m4 star. Our observations were performed as part of the commissioning of the robotic telescope facility STELLA and its fiber‐fed high‐resolution optical echelle spectrograph SES in the years 2007–2010. We found long‐term radial velocity variations with a full amplitude of 9 km s–1 with an average velocity of –29.8 km s–1 and suggest the star to be a hitherto unknown single‐lined spectroscopic binary. A preliminary orbit with a period of 6.2 years (2279±69 days) and an eccentricity of 0.50±0.01 is given. Its rms uncertainty is just 73 m s–1. HD 1 appears to be a G9‐K0 giant of luminosity class IIIa with Teff = 4850±100 K, logg = 2.0±0.2, L ≈ 155 L⊙, a mass of 3.0±0.3 M⊙, a radius of 17.7 R⊙, and an age of ≈350 Myr. A relative abundance analysis led to a metallicity of [Fe/H] = –0.12 ± 0.09. The α ‐element silicon may indicate an overabundance of +0.13 though. The low strengths of some s‐process lines and a lower limit for the 12C/13C isotope ratio of ≥16 indicate that HD 1 is on the first ascend of the RGB. The absorption spectral lines appear rotationally broadened with a v sin i of 5.5±1.2 km s–1 but no chromospheric activity is evident. We also present photometric monitoring BV (RI)C data taken in parallel with STELLA. The star is likely a small‐amplitude (<10 mmag) photometric variable although no periodicity was found (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Mindestschallschutz 2010 — die allgemein anerkannten Regeln der Technik (a. a. R. d. T.) und DIN 4109
Authors: Maack Jürgen 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIn Bezug auf den Mindestschallschutz bezeichnen die allgemein anerkannten Regeln der Technik das von der überwiegenden Zahl der Fachleute als angemessen betrachtete Anforderungsniveau. Das in der gegenwärtig vorliegenden Entwurfsfassung E DIN 4109, Ausgabe Oktober 2006 beschriebene Anforderungs niveau stimmt in weiten Bereichen leider nicht mit den a. a. R. d. T. über ein. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden Eckpunkte des Anforderungsniveaus zum Mindestschallschutz formuliert.Minimum sound insulation 2010 — generally accepted codes of practice and DIN 4109. With reference to minimum sound insulation, the ‘generally accepted codes of practice’ are defined as those levels of requirement considered appropriate by the majority of professionals in the field. The level of requirement described in the current draft version E DIN 4109, issued in October 2006, does not agree with the generally accepted codes of practice in many instances. This article defines key parameters of minimum sound insulation requirements.
The biological significance of substrate inhibition: A mechanism with diverse functions
Authors: Reed Michael C. , Lieb Anna , Nijhout H. Frederik 
Published: April 2010

AbstractMany enzymes are inhibited by their own substrates, leading to velocity curves that rise to a maximum and then descend as the substrate concentration increases. Substrate inhibition is often regarded as a biochemical oddity and experimental annoyance. We show, using several case studies, that substrate inhibition often has important biological functions. In each case we discuss, the biological significance is different. Substrate inhibition of tyrosine hydroxylase results in a steady synthesis of dopamine despite large fluctuations in tyrosine due to meals. Substrate inhibition of acetylcholinesterase enhances the neural signal and allows rapid signal termination. Substrate inhibition of phosphofructokinase ensures that resources are not devoted to manufacturing ATP when it is plentiful. In folate metabolism, substrate inhibition maintains reactions rates in the face of substantial folate deprivation. Substrate inhibition of DNA methyltransferase serves to faithfully copy DNA methylation patterns when cells divide while preventing de novo methylation of methyl‐free promoter regions.
Randomized clinical trial of intravenous soybean oil alone versus soybean oil plus fish oil emulsion after gastrointestinal cancer surgery
Authors: Jiang Z M , Wilmore D W , Wang X R , Wei J M , Zhang Z T , Gu Z Y , Wang S , Han S M , Jiang H , Yu K 
Published: April 2010

Abstract

Background
Specific immunonutrients may reduce the incidence of postoperative complications and shorten recovery time. This randomized trial evaluated the clinical efficacy of a fish oil emulsion on outcome and immune function after gastrointestinal cancer surgery.

Methods
A total of 206 patients with gastrointestinal or colonic cancer were randomized to receive isocaloric and isonitrogenous intravenous infusions of either soybean oil alone (1·2 g per kg bodyweight per day; control group, 103 analysed) or soybean plus fish oil emulsion (1·0 and 0·2 g per kg per day respectively; treatment group, 100 analysed) over 20–24 h daily for 7 days after surgery.

Results
Baseline data were comparable in the two groups. There were fewer infectious complications (four versus 12 on day 8; P = 0·066), systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) was significantly less common (four versus 13; P = 0·039) and hospital stay was significantly shorter (mean(s.d.) 15(5) versus 17(8) days; P = 0·041) in the treatment group. Total postoperative medical costs were comparable in the two groups (mean(s.d.) US $ 1269(254) and 1302(324) in treatment and control groups respectively; P = 0·424). The median (interquartile range) difference in CD4/CD8 between days 1 and 8 after surgery was + 0·30 (0·06 to 0·79) in patients receiving fish oil and + 0·20 (−0·19 to 0·55) in controls (P = 0·021). No severe adverse events occurred in either group.

Conclusion
Fish oil emulsion-supplemented parenteral nutrition significantly reduced SIRS and length of hospital stay. These clinical benefits may be related to normalization of cellular immune functions and modulation of the inflammatory response. Registration number: NCT00292279 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Long-term benefit and cost-effectiveness analysis of screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lindholt J S , Sørensen J , Søgaard R , Henneberg E W 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe aim was to estimate long-term mortality benefits and cost-effectiveness of screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in men aged 64–73 years.MethodsAll men aged 64–73 years living in Viborg County were randomized to be controls (n = 6306) or invited for abdominal ultrasonography at a regional hospital (n = 6333). Mortality and AAA-related interventions were recorded in national databases. The cost of initial screening was based on actual costs of the programme. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated on gains in life years and Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALY). Discounting (3 per cent) was applied to both costs and effects, and all costs were adjusted to euros at 2007 prices.ResultsThe relative risk reduction of the screening programme in AAA-related mortality was 66 per cent (hazard ratio 0·34, 95 per cent confidence interval (c.i.) 0·20 to 0·57). The corresponding risk reduction in all-cause mortality was 2 per cent (hazard ratio 0·98, 95 per cent c.i. 0·93 to 1·03). The ICER was estimated at €157 (−3292 to 4401) per life year gained and €179 (−4083 to 4682) per QALY gained. Screening was found to be cost effective at a probability above 0·97 for a willingness-to-pay threshold of only €5000. One-way sensitivity analysis demonstrated that this result was robust to various alternative assumptions, as the probability did not drop below 0·90 for any scenario.ConclusionThe mortality benefit of screening for AAA in men aged 64–73 years was maintained in the longer term and screening was cost effective. Registration number: ISRCTN65822028 (http://www.controlled-trials.com).
Preoperative estimation of remnant hepatic function using fusion images obtained by 99mTc-labelled galactosyl-human serum albumin liver scintigraphy and computed tomography
Authors: Yumoto Y , Yagi T , Sato S , Nouso K , Kobayashi Y , Ohmoto M , Yumoto E , Nagaya I , Nakatsukasa H 
Published: April 2010

Abstract

Background
Assessment of hepatic functional reserve is important in hepatic resection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R) analysis in the preoperative estimation of remnant liver function in liver surgery.

Methods
One hundred and one patients undergoing hepatic resection for liver tumours were studied. Seventeen patients had preoperative percutaneous transhepatic portal vein embolization (PTPE). Function of the hepatic remnant was estimated before surgery using radioactivity in fusion images of both liver single-photon emission computed tomography and computed tomography scans using 99mTc-labelled diethylene triamine penta-acetate–galactosyl-human serum albumin.

Results
All three patients with an ASGP-R concentration below 400 nmol/l and preoperative total amount of receptor in the future remnant liver (R0-remnant) of less than 53·0 nmol per liver died. Two patients with chronic hepatitis and R0-remnant values between 53·0 and 65·0 nmol per liver and a receptor concentration lower than 600 nmol/l developed liver dysfunction. The incidence of liver failure decreased inversely with increasing R0-remnant value.

Conclusion
A combination of receptor concentration and the amount of hepatic receptor in the future liver remnant as detected on fusion images is useful in evaluating the risk of postoperative liver failure.
Short- and medium-term results of totally laparoscopic resection for colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Abu Hilal M , Underwood T , Zuccaro M , Primrose J , Pearce N 
Published: April 2010

Abstract

Background
Laparoscopic surgery for primary colorectal cancer is now commonplace but the uptake of laparoscopic surgery for colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) has been slow, mainly owing to doubts regarding safety, feasibility and oncological efficiency.

Methods
Prospectively collected data of all patients treated for CRLM between 2004 and 2009 were reviewed retrospectively. The database was analysed for operative details, hospital stay, postoperative results and medium-term survival.

Results
Over 5 years, 135 patients underwent liver surgery for CRLM. For laparoscopic procedures, the median duration of operation was 220 min and median blood loss was 363 ml; a mean tumour-free resection margin of 17·0 mm was achieved (more than 1 cm in 76 per cent), and no port-site metastasis or surgical-site recurrence was observed. The procedure was converted to open surgery in six patients (two for bleeding). Overall survival for the laparoscopic group approached 90 per cent with median follow-up of 22 months.

Conclusion
In this series totally laparoscopic CRLM resection had good short- and medium-term results in terms of mortality, morbidity, resection margins, local recurrence or port-site metastasis, and survival. Compared with contemporaneous open experience, the laparoscopic approach was safe and effective in a highly selected consecutive series.
Maximizing productivity of CHO cell‐based fed‐batch culture using chemically defined media conditions and typical manufacturing equipment
Authors: Huang Yao‐Ming , Hu WeiWei , Rustandi Eddie , Chang Kevin , Yusuf‐Makagiansar Helena , Ryll Thomas 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA highly productive chemically defined fed‐batch process was developed to maximize titer and volumetric productivity for Chinese hamster ovary cell‐based recombinant protein manufacturing. Two cell lines producing a recombinant antibody (cell line A) and an Fc‐fusion protein (cell line B) were used for development. Both processes achieved product titers of 10 g/L on day 18 under chemically defined conditions. For cell line B, the use of plant derived hydrolysates combined with the optimized chemically defined medium increased the titer to 13 g/L. Volumetric productivities were increased from a base line of about 200 mg/L/d to about 500 mg/L/d under chemically defined conditions and as high as 700 mg/L/d with cell line B using plant derived hydrolysates. Peak cell densities reached greater than 20E6 vc/mL, and cell viabilities were maintained above 80% on day 18 without the use of antiapoptotic genes or temperature shift. A rapid compound screening method was developed to effectively test positive factors within 72 h. Peak volumetric oxygen uptake rates (OUR) more than tripled from the baseline condition. Oxygen demand continued to increase after maximum cell density was reached with a maximal OUR of 3.7 mmol/L/h. The new process format was scaled up and verified at 100 L pilot scale using reactor equipment of similar configuration as used at manufacturing scale. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010