bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Reactions at Supercritical Conditions
Authors: Stewart Iain H. , Hutchings Graham J. , Derouane Eric G. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Water‐Soluble Carbodiimide — An Efficient Coupling Agent for Synthesis
Authors: Grayson Ian 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Case of Galanthamine: Developing an Industrial‐Scale Stereoselective Synthesis for a Chiral Plant Alkaloid
Authors: Mucke Hermann 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cross‐Correlations in NMR
Authors: Kumar A. , Christy Rani Grace R. , Madhu P. K. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Characterization of the Side‐On Coordinated Bissuperoxo Complexes of Aluminum FAl(O2)2, ClAl(O2)2, and BrAl(O2)2 with Triplet Electronic Ground States: A Combined Matrix IR and Quantum Chemical Study.
Authors: Bahlo Jan , Himmel Hans‐Joerg , Schnoeckel Hansgeorg 
Published: June 2010

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Facile Method for the Synthesis of Benzothiacrown Ether Formyl Derivatives.
Authors: Fedorova Olga A. , Vedernikov Artem I. , Yescheulova Olga V. , Pershina Yulia V. , Tsapenko Pavel V. , Gromov Sergey P. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A New, Highly Selective, Free‐Radical Aerobic Oxidation of Silanes to Silanols Catalyzed by N‐Hydroxyphthalimide under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Minisci Francesco , Recupero Francesco , Punta Carlo , Guidarini Chiara , Fontana Francesca , Pedulli Gian Franco 
Published: June 2010

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
General psychopathology in anorexia nervosa: the role of psychosocial factors
Authors: Karatzias Thanos , Chouliara Zoë , Power Kevin , Collin Paula , Yellowlees Alex , Grierson David 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate psychosocial correlates of comorbid psychopathology. Data were collected from a total of 90 female inpatients with anorexia nervosa (AN). Higher levels of general psychopathology were detected in depression, interpersonal sensitivity, obsessive–compulsive and anxiety subscales of the Symptom Checklist (SCL)‐90. Regression analysis also revealed that higher levels of psychopathology across SCL‐90 subscales in AN patients are significantly associated with an earlier age of onset of the condition, higher levels of anorectic psychopathology as measured by Eating Disorders Examination, lower self‐esteem as measured by Multidimensional Self‐Esteem Inventory and social support levels as measured by Quality of Social Network and Social Support Questionnaire. Considering the high levels of general psychopathology in people with AN, routine clinical practice should aim for a comprehensive assessment of such. Given the strong association between psychosocial factors such as self‐esteem, social support and general psychopathology, psychological therapies could play an important role in facilitating emotional recovery. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message:• Levels of depressive and anxiety psychopathology are elevated in people with Anorexia Nervosa.• Routine clinical practice should involve a comprehensive assessment of general psychopathology in people with Anorexia Nervosa.• Psychological interventions targeting self‐esteem and interpersonal difficulties may be useful in the treatment of general pathology in people with Anorexia Nervosa.
Mesoporous CeO2 Hollow Spheres Prepared by Ostwald Ripening and Their Environmental Applications
Authors: Yang Zhijie , Wei Jingjing , Yang Hongxiao , Liu Ling , Liang Hui , Yang Yanzhao 
Published: June 2010

AbstractCeO2 hollow spheres (250–350 nm in diameter), with mesoporous shells of approximately 50 nm, were synthesized by a one‐pot, template‐free hydrothermal method. X‐ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and nitrogen adsorption–desorption measurements were used to characterize the products. The formation of these hollow spheres involves the aggregation of the initial nanoparticles followed by solid evacuation driven by an Ostwald ripening process. The mesoporous CeO2 hollow spheres showed an excellent adsorption capacity for organic pollutants (Congo red) from waste water (about 84 mg Congo red per g CeO2). Furthermore, relative to commercial CeO2 powders, the CeO2 hollow spheres exhibited a higher catalytic activity towards CO oxidation.
Cubane‐Like Bismuth‐Iron Cluster: Synthesis, X‐ray Crystal Structure and Theoretical Characterization of the [Bi4Fe8(CO)28]4– Anion
Authors: Monakhov Kirill Yu. , Zessin Thomas , Linti Gerald 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe reaction of cyclo‐Bi4[Si(SiMe3)3]4 (1) with Na2[Fe(CO)4] in the presence of nBu4NCl leads to the formation of the cage compound [nBu4N]4[Bi4Fe8(CO)28] (2). According to X‐ray single‐crystal structure analysis, the faces of the tetrahedral Bi4 core are capped by Fe(CO)3 moieties in a μ3 fashion to give a cubanoid Bi4Fe4 framework. The four Fe(CO)4 fragments are μ1‐coordinated to bismuth, each. With 12 skeletal electron pairs the [Bi4Fe8(CO)28]4– anion (2a) is a Bi4Fe4 cubane. The negative charge is localized within cluster 2a according to the NBO analysis of its derivatives. The strength of metal–ligand interactions Bi–μ3‐Fe(CO)3 is responsible for the size of the cluster's cubic core. NICS computations at the cage centers of considered molecules show that 2a has paratropic character, whereas removal of four μ1‐Fe(CO)4 fragments from latter causes spherical aromaticity of the modified clusters [Bi4Fe4(CO)12]4– (2aa) and [Bi4Fe4(CO)12]2+ (2ab), mediated by a Bi4 cluster π orbital.
Stability of refined olive oil and olive‐pomace oil added by phenolic compounds from olive leaves
Authors: Bouaziz Mohamed , Feki Ines , Ayadi Mohamed , Jemai Hedya , Sayadi Sami 
Published: June 2010

AbstractRefined olive oil and olive‐pomace oil were enriched with olive leaf phenolic compounds in order to enhance its quality and bring it closer to virgin olive oil. The changes that occurred in the concentrations of pure oleuropein, oleuropein aglycone, hydroxytyrosol acetyl and α‐tocopherol at 400 µg/kg of oil during the storage of refined olive oil and olive‐pomace oil under accelerated conditions (50 °C) were investigated. In a period of 4 months, α‐tocopherol decomposed by 75% whereas less than 40% of the phenols were lost. During storage, enzymatic olive leaf extract hydrolysate that contains two major compounds, hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein aglycone showed the highest antioxidant activity and the lowest detected stability, followed by oleuropein. The oleuropein in olive leaf extracts exhibited similar degradation profiles, reducing by 60–50% and 80% for the olive oil and olive‐pomace oil in 6 months, respectively. The acetylated extract, however, displayed a loss of 10 and 5% in olive oil and olive‐pomace oil, respectively. In the fatty acid composition, an increase in oleic acid and a decrease in linoleic acid were observed. The antiradical activities of the olive oil and olive‐pomace oil enriched with olive leaf phenolic compounds at 400 ppm showed that enzymatic hydrolysate extract had the highest protective effect against oil oxidation. Based on the Rancimat method, the oils with added leaf enzymatic hydrolysate extract had the lowest peroxide value and the highest stability. After 6 months of storage and at 120 °C, the oxidative resistance of refined olive oil and olive‐pomace oil reached 0.71 and 0.89 h, respectively, whereas that of the non‐enriched samples fell to zero.
Microwave‐Promoted, One‐Pot, Solvent‐Free Synthesis of 4‐Arylcoumarins from 2‐Hydroxybenzophenones
Authors: Crecente‐Campo José , Pilar Vázquez‐Tato M. , Seijas Julio A. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract4‐Arylcoumarins are synthesized in very good yields through solvent‐free microwave irradiation of 2‐hydroxybenzophenones and alkyl malonate in the presence of DBU. The one‐pot synthesis is carried out with Knoevenagel condensation, intramolecular lactonization, and decarboxylation reactions. The method can be applied to a broad scope of neoflavonoids.
Aza‐Michael Addition Reactions of Hydrazones with Activated Alkynes Catalyzed by Nitrogen‐Containing Organic Bases
Authors: Yuan Zhi‐Liang , Wei Yin , Shi Min 
Published: June 2010

AbstractSeveral highly efficient DABCO (1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane)‐catalyzed Michael‐type reactions of hydrazones with activated alkynes are described in this paper. This aza‐Michael addition reaction can be applied to different types of hydrazones, such as hydrazones 1 and hydroxy‐bearing hydrazones 5. The corresponding adducts are achieved in high yields under mild reaction conditions. DABCO‐promoted aza‐Michael addition reactions were successfully applied to a serious of hydrazones with activated alkynes to afford the corresponding adducts in moderate to good yields.
Effects of sediment load on hydraulics of overland flow on steep slopes
Authors: Zhang Guang‐hui , Shen Rui‐chang , Luo Rong‐ting , Cao Ying , Zhang XC 
Published: June 2010

AbstractEroded sediment may have significant effects on the hydraulics of overland flow, but few studies have been performed to quantify these effects on steep slopes. This study investigated the potential effects of sediment load on Reynolds number, Froude number, flow depth, mean velocity, Darcy–Weisbach friction coefficient, shear stress, stream power, and unit stream power of overland flow in a sand‐glued hydraulic flume under a wide range of hydraulic conditions and sediment loads. Slope gradients were varied from 8·7 to 34·2%, unit flow rates from 0·66 to 5·26×10−3 m2 s−1, and sediment loads from 0 to 6·95 kg m−1 s−1. Both Reynolds number (Re) and Froude number (Fr) decreased as sediment load increased, implying a decrease in flow turbulence. This inverse relationship should be considered in modeling soil erosion processes. Flow depth increased as sediment load increased with a mean value of 1·227 mm, caused by an increase in volume of sediment‐laden flow (contribution 62·4%) and a decrease in mean flow velocity (contribution 37·6%). The mean flow velocity decreased by up to 0·071 m s−1 as sediment load increased. The Darcy–Weisbach friction coefficient (f) increased with sediment load, showing that the total energy consumption increased with sediment load. The effects of sediment load on f depended on flow discharge: as flow discharge increased, the influence of sediment load on f decreased due to increased flow depth and reduced relative roughness. Flow shear stress and stream power increased with sediment load, on average, by 80·5% and 60·2%, respectively; however, unit stream power decreased by an average of 11·1% as sediment load increased. Further studies are needed to extend and apply the insights obtained under these controlled conditions to real‐world overland flow conditions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
State estimation in Multi‐Microgrids
Authors: Korres George N. , Hatziargyriou Nikos D. , Katsikas Petros J. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn this paper, a Multi‐Microgrid state estimator is proposed, following the concept of distribution state estimators, where a limited number of real‐time measurements are available. Since state estimation (SE) solution is impossible with these limited measurements, forecasted values of load injections at buses remote from the substations are needed, for a given period that coincides with the real‐time measurements. The proposed state estimator is based on the traditional WLS algorithm and uses few real‐time measurements, mainly at the primary (MV) or secondary (LV) substations and DG locations, and pseudo‐measurements for the load bus estimates. The impact of the accuracy of distributed generation (DG) voltage magnitude measurements and load pseudo measurements on the bus voltage estimates is also investigated. Grid‐connected and islanded modes are simulated and monitored. Topology errors at the main substations and feeders, where there is sufficient measurement redundancy, are also examined. Test results are given for a 55‐bus distribution network including DG. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modelling roles of task‐technology fit and self‐efficacy in hotel employees' usage behaviours of hotel information systems
Authors: Kim Taegoo (Terry) , Suh Yong Kun , Lee Gyehee , Choi Byong Gil 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between hotel information system (HIS) users' personal perceptions and beliefs of the given system and their daily routine usage intention via the technology acceptance model (TAM), considering the two external variables (motivational variables) of the model — ‘task‐technology fit’ (extrinsic motivation; system feature) and ‘self‐efficacy’ (intrinsic motivation; personal feature). Data were collected from hotel employees of 13 upscale hotels in Jeju, South Korea, and path analysis was utilised to test structural model and hypotheses. The results provided empirical support for an extended TAM, and verified its robustness in predicting hotel employees' intention to use a HIS. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An overestimated relationship? Violent political unrest and tourism foreign direct investment in the Middle East
Authors: Steiner Christian 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAlthough the tourism industry is increasingly globalising, empirical research on the accompanying foreign direct investment (FDI) is surprisingly lacking. Furthermore, the nexus of political risk, violent political unrest and tourism FDI has been relatively neglected. Using Egypt as a heuristic case study and adopting a qualitative methodology, this paper explores the question of how political risk and violent political unrest influence tourism FDI. Surprisingly, the results are not able to corroborate a clear relationship between the two. In contrast, these results indicate that the role of stability and security for tourism FDI in developing countries has largely been overestimated in the past. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Superhydrophobic Surface Fabricated by an Electrostatic Process
Authors: Yoon Hyeon , Park Jong Ha , Kim Geun Hyung 
Published: June 2010

AbstractWe describe the fabrication of a biomimically designed superhydrophobic poly(ε‐caprolactone) surface, which was obtained using a modified electrostatic process. The fabricated surface exhibits a micron‐sized pyramid structure consisting of accumulated droplets and nanofibres. By using this simple one‐step process, we can achieve a superhydrophobic surface having both a high water contact angle and low threshold sliding angle, similar to that of the superhydrophobic plant leaf.magnified image
NMR studies on chiral intermediates in the total synthesis of (+)‐biotin from D‐mannose
Authors: Chen Wen‐xue , Zhang Ping , Chen Fen‐er 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe chemical structure and stereochemistry of 12 intermediates in the total synthesis of (+)‐biotin starting from D‐mannose as chiral pool were completely assigned using one‐ and two‐dimensional NMR experiments, including 1D selective NOE, DEPT, COSY, HSQC and HMBC. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polymeric Membranes from Colloidal Templates with Tunable Morphology
Authors: Casis Natalia , Ravaine Serge , Reculusa Stéphane , Colvin Vicki L. , Wiesner Mark R. , Estenoz Diana A. , Fidalgo de Cortalezzi María M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractPolymeric porous membranes were fabricated from templates made from silica particles. The templates were obtained by self‐assembly and by the Langmuir‐Blodgett (L‐B) technique. For the self‐assembly technique, suspensions of silica particles in ethanol were used to create the deposits. L‐B deposition was employed to produce templates of different particle sizes for the fabrication of asymmetric membranes. Two different polymers were tested to fabricate membranes: polystyrene (PS) and the diethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (DEGDMA)/urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) copolymer. Templates and porous films were observed by SEM in order to analyze the pore morphology. Permeability of the poly(DEGDMA/UDMA) films was comparable to commercially available membranes. Proposed applications for these ordered porous structures include, sensors, filters, and catalytic materials.magnified image
Interaction of recombinant CanPIs with Helicoverpa armigera gut proteases reveals their processing patterns, stability and efficiency
Authors: Mishra Manasi , Tamhane Vaijayanti A. , Khandelwal Neha , Kulkarni Mahesh J. , Gupta Vidya S. , Giri Ashok P. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractSix diverse representative Capsicum annuum (common name: hot pepper; Solanaceae) protease inhibitor genes, viz CanPI‐5, ‐7, ‐13, ‐15, ‐19, and 22 comprising 1–4 inhibitory repeat domains (IRDs), were cloned and expressed in Pichia pastoris. The recombinant proteins were evaluated for their interactions with bovine trypsin, chymotrypsin, and Helicoverpa armigera gut proteases (HGP) using electrophoretic (native and denaturing) and mass spectrometric (MALDI‐TOF‐MS in combination with intensity fading assays) techniques. These techniques allow qualitative and semiquantitative analysis of multiple and processed IRDs of purified recombinant Capsicum annuum proteinase inhibitor (rCanPI) proteins. rCanPIs showed over 90% trypsin inhibition, varying chymotrypsin inhibition depending on the number of respective IRDs and over 60% inhibition of total HGP. rCanPI‐15 that has only one IRD showed exceptionally low inhibition of these proteases. Interaction studies of rCanPIs with proteases using intensity fading‐MALDI‐TOF‐MS revealed gradual processing of multi‐IRD rCanPIs into single IRD forms by the action of HGP at the linker region, unlike their interactions with trypsin and chymotrypsin. Intensity fading‐MALDI‐TOF‐MS assay showed that CanPI‐13 and ‐15, possessing single IRD and expressed predominantly in stem tissue are degraded by HGP; indicating their function other than defense. In vitro and in vivo studies on rCanPI‐5 and ‐7 showed maximum inhibition of HGP isoforms and their processed IRDs were also found to be stable in the presence of HGP. Even single amino acid variations in IRDs were found to change the HGP specificity like in the case of HGP‐8 inhibited only by IRD‐12. The presence of active PI in insect gut might be responsible for changed HGP profile. rCanPI‐5 and ‐7 enhanced HGP‐7, reduced HGP‐4, ‐5, ‐10 expression and new protease isoforms were induced. These results signify isoform complexity in plant PIs and insect proteases.
Understanding normality: a qualitative analysis of breast cancer patients concepts of normality after mastectomy and reconstructive surgery
Authors: Denford Sarah , Harcourt D. , Rubin L. , Pusic A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBackground: As survival rates increase, many people have to adjust to life after cancer. This includes adjusting to life after surgery. While previous research suggests that patients commonly strive to be ‘normal’ after mastectomy and reconstructive surgery, research surrounding individual perceptions of normality is lacking.Aim: The aim of this study was to explore concepts of normality within a sample of breast cancer patients eligible for reconstructive surgery following mastectomy.Methods: A total of 35 semi structured interviews, with women who had undergone or were about to undergo breast reconstructive surgery following breast cancer, were analysed using thematic analysis.Results: Four main themes emerged from the data. Women referred to looking normal (appearance); being able to fulfil everyday activities (behaviour); adapting to a new normal (reconstructing normality); and not being ill (health). The importance placed on each area of normality differed between patients. Additionally, patients used different standards to anchor concepts of normality. These included individual standards, social standards and clinical standards.Discussion: The results indicate that although there are commonalities between patients' concepts of normality, it is important for health care professionals to recognise potential individual differences. This may usefully aid communication and help to manage expectations among patients considering surgical options. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Addressing conflicts in research ethics: consent and risk of harm
Authors: Sim Julius 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis paper explores some ethical conflicts that may arise in physiotherapy‐related research, focusing particularly on the issues of informed consent and avoidance of harm. These central issues in research ethics are defined and related to fundamental moral principles such as respect for autonomy, respect for persons and non‐maleficence, and their implications are examined through a set of hypothetical case studies, encompassing both quantitative and qualitative research approaches. It is argued that these ethical requirements may legitimately be traded off against each other, so that a prima facie need to gain informed consent or to avoid a risk of harm to participants may — within certain limits — be outweighed by other ethical requirements. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Migrating, staying, or moving on: migration dynamics in the Chyulu Hills, Kenya
Authors: Muriuki Grace W. , Jacobson Chris , McAlpine Clive , Seabrook Leonie , Price Bronwyn , Baxter Greg 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACTMigration is a major household survival option for both the rich and the poor in many developing countries. In rural Kenya, access to land for the poor is fundamental to their survival, with lack of access often resulting in migration. The Chyulu Hills settlements are in a remote region bordering two protected areas, the Tsavo and the Chyulu Hills National Parks. They have a complex history of squatter occupation and secondary migrations, which often end in violent evictions and land expropriation to settle more squatters. We provide an analysis of migration dynamics by identifying patterns, trends, and drivers of population mobility over the past 30 years. We collected data at both household and village level, and used binary logistic models to reveal the proximate and exogenous causes of secondary squatter migration. We used geographical information systems to generate a data set of village access and to map immigrant origins and patterns of village establishment. Migration to the Chyulu Hills is widespread, and secondary migrations are common. Policy factors such as land tenure, issuance of free land, and provision of schools were the strongest factors in changing the odds of migration. Although landlessness in the Chyulu Hills seems widespread, this study revealed that policy was stronger and consistently more influential in determining whether complete households re‐migrated or stayed. This may override or emphasise the role of some classic migration drivers. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.