bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ab. No. 49 Guidelines Used in Cross Cultural Adaptation of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder And Hand (Dash) Questionnaire: A Narrative Review
Authors: Budhbhatti Mamta Kansara , Shukla Yagna 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
The disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) outcome measure is a widely used patient reported outcome measure. DASH was originally developed in English in 1996 by the institute for Work and Health (IWH).1,2Since then, clinicians and researchers have been using it in the field of hand therapy. The DASH has proved to be a reliable and valid questionnaire for various upper extremity disorders and been translated into many different languages. Narrative review is comprehensive, critical and objective analysis of research. This study is done to establish a theoretical framework and focus on procedures used in cross cultural adaptation of the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) outcome measure in different languages and describe it.

Methods:
All Articles are searched from different databases using key words and reviewed critically for cross cultural translation process of disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) outcome measure. All articles are reviewed as per PRISMA checklist is used for analyzing and reporting articles for cross cultural adaptation process.

Result:
17 studies met the criteria for inclusion in the review. The overall rating for the process of cross-cultural adaptation process is good. The reviewed studies used the guidelines given by Beaton et al, Guillemin and criteria suggested by the institute for Work and Health (IWH).

Conclusion:
Translation and cross-cultural adaptation process requires careful selection of the members according to suggested guidelines and should be done with great care to provide best properties. In this review, all include studies follow the guidelines as per Beaton et al, Guillemin and criteria suggested by the institute for Work and Health (IWH).
Ab. No. 59 Reliability of Dual Weighing Scale Biofeedback System (DWSBS), a New Apparatus for Assessment and Training of Weight Bearing Asymmetry (WBA)
Authors: Shah Ravi , Murugan Saravanan 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Weight bearing asymmetry leads to major impact on gait execution strategies post neurological conditions. A cheap and cost-effective apparatus which can be incorporated in routine use with less costs per session, will help treat asymmetry and enhance a near normal gait pattern with reduction in compensatory strategies. Introduction of new, cost effective and reliable apparatus against costly and cumbersome apparatus which is portable and needs less clinical expertise to use. Secondary objective is to target, population with neurological issues where weight bearing asymmetry leads to major gait disturbances.

Methods:
56 Normal Healthy individuals (45-65 years) Instrumentation of DWSBS, by using 2 platforms for standing, measuring 12 x 12 inches each, embedded on a single platform, placed at a distance of 2 centimetres between them. A common display with digital output for both weighing scale was used. Reliability testing - 56 healthy individuals without any balance issues recruited and asked to stand bipedally, with eyes open on each of 2 weighing scales separately;post 3 trials, average of reading were documented. Data collected by 2 raters (Rater 1- reading on day 1 and 3; Rater 2 - reading on day 2) were analyzed using Cronbach’s alfa test in SPSS version 23 software.

Result:
Excellent reliability for Intrarater and interrater testing as per ICC values 0.9. neck ROM.

Conclusion:
The new apparatus has proven to be reliable and is fit to be tested for validity.

Implications:
DWSBS will help reduce to cost and execution-based burden for weight bearing asymmetry training.
Ab. No. 60 Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Health Literacy Instrument for Adults in Hindi
Authors: Jain Anjali , Megha Sheth T 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Physiotherapists play a significant role in health promotion and wellness. Health literacy can help people prevent health problems, protect health and better manage diseases when they arise. To Translate and Cross Culturally Adapt Health Literacy Instrument for Adults (HELIA) and Determine the Reliability and Validity.

Methods:
Adults aged 18-65 years were included. Methodological study was done where permission to translate the scale was taken from the author. The health literacy instrument for adults was translated into Hindi using forward-backward translation method given by WHO. Forward translation of the scale was done by a Hindi professor such as to preserve meaning of the questions in original questionnaire. There was expert panel of five experts (2 physiotherapists, 2 doctors, 1 engineer). Following their suggestions, validated Hindi version 1 was made. Backward translation was done by an independent translator. Version 1 of Hindi version was pilot tested with 10 adults whose mean age was (42.3 ± 9.75) years. Few suggestions given by them were done and final version 2 was given to 20 participants for reliability. One therapist performed scale twice on the same participants for intra-rater reliability and two therapists performed it on same participants for inter-rater reliability, both with two days of gap.

Result:
There is strong positive correlation between English and Hindi version of HELIA with intraclass correlation (ICC=0.89) and interclass correlation (ICC=0.84). Scale content validity index (SCVI) is 0.91.

Conclusion:
The Hindi version of HELIA is reliable and valid for assessing health literacy in adults.

Implications:
Hindi version of HELIA can be used for assessing health literacy in Hindi speaking community dwelling Indian adults. Clinical management and research may benefit from the availability of a self-administered scale in native language.
Ab. No. 65 The Effect of Motor Imagery and Virtual Reality on Motor Functions in Individuals With Parkinson’s Disease – A Systematic Review
Authors: Mandaliya Ekta , Suthar Vaishali 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Parkinson’s disease is a neuro-degenerative disorder, characterized by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Motor imagery practice uses the imagery of a motor act to learn and Improve outcome. Virtual reality can provide patients with sensory stimulation, immersive environment, feedback during motor task, reflecting motor learning and neuroplasticity. The purpose is to investigate effectiveness of motor imagery and virtual reality on motor functions in individuals with Parkinson’s disease.

Methods:
10 articles were included with 287 participants. 9 were RCT and one was case study. A search of literature was conducted by using following keywords: Parkinson’s disease, Virtual reality, motor imagery. A search was undertaken via google scholar, PubMed and research gate. Out of 287 articles, 28 studies were reviewed. 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. UPDRS was the outcome measure used to assess motor functions. These articles were analyzed using PRISMA 2020 checklist and PEDro. Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to check the bias. Three articles studied the combined effect of virtual reality and motor imagery, two motor imagery alone and five virtual realities alone.

Result:
Combining VR with MI showed statistically significant difference. Motor imagery alone showed significant difference in one article and no difference in the other. Articles about VR alone showed statistically significant difference.

Conclusion:
Virtual reality and motor imagery are effective rehabilitation tool for improving motor function in individuals with Parkinson’s disease.

Implications:
Virtual reality and motor imagery can be used in designing more effective and engaging rehabilitation program leading to improved outcomes and quality of life.
Ab. No. 66 A Novel Medical Device Prototype, One Stop Solution For Shoulder Dysfunction: A Scientific Note
Authors: Sojitra Namrata , Sharma Amit 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
The Shoulder is an unique anatomical structure with an extraordinary Range of Motion (ROM) that allows us to interact with our environment. Shoulder pain is the third most common musculoskeletal disorder, with incidents rate up to 2.5% and prevalence range from 6.9% to 26%, which rise up to 66.7% for lifetime prevalence in general population. Shoulder Rehabilitation includes Continuous passive movement, active assisted exercises and resisted exercises. There is no such device which includes all these type of exercise in a single unit. All the available devices are separate so requires more space in clinics and also the cost increases because one may need to purchase all these type of devices.

Methods:
The present prototype is designed to include continuous passive movement, active assisted and resisted exercises in a single unit. So it is a one stop solution for the shoulder rehabilitation. The newly designed device will be helpful to the physiotherapists working in the clinical setups, because it occupies less space in physiotherapy clinics and also cost effective.

Conclusion:
This novel device is one stop solution for shoulder rehabilitation which provides active assisted and resisted exercises and continuous passive movements in a single unit.
Ab. No. 84 Athlete Mindful Skills Associated With Reaction Time Among Recreational Football Players: An Analytical Study
Authors: Christie Arpit William , Patel Neha 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
To examined the association between mindful skills and reaction time on sports performance among recreational football players. There has been less attention, to mindful skills and sports performance within an adolescent population. Mindful skills have been important factors in the area of sports with a focus on improved performance across recreational populations.

Methods:
69 football players age between 10-16years old, minimum playing football as last 2 years and 8-10 hours per week were included. History of fall in last month, any surgery performed by last 3 months, diagnosis with psychometric disorders, upper limb injury due to which reaction drop test cannot be performed were excluded.
An observational analytical study was conducted at different sports academy in Ahmedabad using purposive sampling. Written consent was taken from parents of players. Each individual performed reaction drop test to assess the reaction time and mindfulness sport inventory was taken to assess the athlete mindful skills.
Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20 and Microsoft excel 2007. Prior to statistical tests, the data was screened for normality. Sample size was >50 in Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used to check normality. Spearman correlation was used between reaction drop test and mindfulness sport inventory.

Results:
Total 69 participants, completed the study. Mean age of participants was 13.58±2.58 years. Moderate negative association between mindful skill and reaction time in recreational football players (r=-0.596, p<0.05).

Conclusion:
Present study concluded that fast reaction time; brain reacts more quickly in players. That is helpful for the adolescents while playing football as well as increased playing capacity and also can be prevent injury and become more resilient against potential damage in the players.

Implication:
Mindful skills intervention programmed in the curriculum may be a feasible approach to improve reaction time and performance level in recreational football players.
Ab. No. 89 Reproducibility of a Smartphone-Based Application for Assessing Knee Range of Motion
Authors: Shrivastava Purnima , Maheswari Vansh , Pritwani Sabhya , Kumar Ajit , Swamy Arun , Batra Sahil , John Renu , Praveen D , Gara Sridevi , Malhotra Rajesh , Devasenapathy Niveditha 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Smartphone applications using in-built gyroscope chips are attractive options that can facilitate self-assessment of knee range of motion without having to wear a sensor-based device.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted to compare this smartphone-based app with universal goniometer (UG) in assessing active knee range of motion in sitting and lying position. Consecutive patients with knee osteoarthritis or those who had knee replacement or the healthy accompanier and hospital staff above 18 years of age and consenting to volunteer were approached for the study at a tertiary care academic hospital in India. The comparisons were repeated measurements with UG and test-app under same conditions, UG versus test-app, physiotherapist versus patient’s accompanier with test-app in the same phone, in different phones, and a physiotherapist measuring on different stool heights using test-app. We report mean difference between two measurements with 95% limits of agreement and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) calculated using one-way random effects.

Result:
The 95% LoA between the UG and test-app in supine flexion was -7.5° to +4.5° and extension was ±4°. The test retest 95% LoA of the test-app in supine flexion and sitting flexion across all scenarios was within ± 8.5°. The test-retest 95% limits of agreement of extension in sitting and supine position across all scenarios was within ±6.5°. Test-retest reliability (ICC) of knee flexion ranged between 0.70 to 0.99 and extension between 0.16 to 0.97 across all scenarios.

Conclusion:
The smartphone-based app is reliable to differentiate between various ranges of motion of knee with measurement errors no greater than universal goniometer. This app has the potential to measure changes in ROM that are above 8° of flexion and above 7° in extension.This app can enhance the ability to remotely measure and monitor knee ROM of pathologic knee.
Ab. No. 90 Design and Validation of Tool to Assess Application of Good Clinical Practice (GCP) in Physiotherapy Academicians Using Modified E-Delphi Method: A Pilot Study
Authors: Sawant Nikita , Shaikh Summaiya , Karajgi Asmita 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Student’s involvement in research activity is mandatory for physiotherapy undergraduate, postgraduate and PhD courses. Due to current advancement in science and technology, research has increased manifold in physiotherapy profession which strongly manifests the need of adapting GCP guidelines to develop and publish good quality research which can significantly contribute towards social needs. Various tools are available in research community to assess application of GCP guidelines in clinical and drug trials but there is no specific tool available to assess use of GCP guidelines in physiotherapy field.
In physiotherapy institutes, academicians are pillars of research that will identify thrust areas of research. One of the major roles of academicians is to sensitize their students, the future researcher community about predatory journals, unethical research and publishing practices. As a physiotherapist, all of us have knowledge of research ethics and practices but sometimes we fail to apply it in real research scenario. Thus there is a need to design and develop a tool to assess application of GCP guidelines in practical situation and not merely testing theoretical knowledge.

Methods:
Cross sectional study carried out on physiotherapy academicians all over India included through snow ball sampling method.
A questionnaire based on 4 basic ethical principles of research on human participants (ICMR 2017) was formulated. Validation was carried out by Delphi panel members like content experts, journal editor, researcher, epidemiologist, physiotherapist and experts from various fields. Controlled feedback provided to all panel members till consensus is achieved. The validated questionnaire was distributed to physiotherapy academicians via Google form.
Each item will be analyzed using factor analysis to reach an agreement level.

Results:
Awaited.

Conclusion:
Awaited.

Implications:
This assessment tool will help to create awareness about practical ethics over theoretical knowledge in physiotherapy research and practice.
Ab. No. 93 Prevalence of Learning Disability in School-Going Kids of Government School in District Patiala, Punjab
Authors: Kaur Sandeep , Arumugam Narkeesh , Midha Divya 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
The purpose of the study is to determine the prevalence of learning disability in school-going children from the IIIrd –Vth class of government schools by using the Learning Disability Diagnostic Inventory (LDDI).
The study contributes to expanding the role of physiotherapy in multidisciplinary teams by fostering effective therapeutic approaches to promote balanced development of children with learning disability.

Methods:
A total of 80 students belonging to the class III-V between the 8-11 years of age group from different government schools were selected as participants in the present study.

Methods:
The study was conducted using convenience sampling method. A detailed questionnaire was used to document each student’s academic performance. The students were then subjected to a series of assessments, including visual auditory perception tests and an IQ based (Colored Progressive Matrices) CPM test followed by LDDI filled by the teacher of each student.
The data was analysed through descriptive statistics and inferences.

Results:
The findings of the study were that out of total 80 students the prevalence of Learning Disability in Writing domain constitutes (10%), Reading (7.5%), Speaking (21.25%),Reasoning (6.25%),Listening (25%), Arithmetic disability (8.75%). Students of primary class IIIrd-Vth were at higher risk of learning disability in government schools.

Conclusion:
The study concluded that the learning disability is more prevalent in early aged students between age of 8-11. Institutional based educational strategies are required for appropriate modifications in education and teaching techniques.

Implications:
The present study helps in making early diagnosis of learning disability at school level and further widens the spectrum for planned effective therapeutic interventions to enhance the academic performance of students with learning disability and enhance the overall quality of life.
Ab. No. 16 Exercises and Pain Education Improves Clinical Outcomes in a Subgroup of Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain Positive for Central Sensitization
Authors: Ganesh Shankar , Khan Abdur , Das Sakti , Khan Ashfaque 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Exercises have been found to decrease pain and the overall sensitivity of the central nervous system through the activation of exercise-induced endogenous analgesia and spinal inhibitory mechanisms. Despite the recommendations of many reviews that exercise programs reduce pain and disability in persons with chronic pain, the overall confidence is considered ‘critically low’. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different exercises (aerobic, motor control, and superficial strengthening) relative to patient education on pain sensitivity and clinical outcomes in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain (NSCLBP) positive for central sensitization.

Methods:
The trial is a randomized controlled study with concealed allocation and blinding of assessors with four experimental groups (n=172) and one healthy control group (n=43). Participants were engaged in moderately intense treadmill walking sessions, activities for trunk stabilization, and strengthening exercises for the trunk and abdominal muscles along with patient education as per their group allocation. The control group received only patient education. The primary outcome was the cold pressor test. The secondary outcomes were pain intensity, disability, letter-number sequencing subtest, Stroop neurophysiological test, quality of life, and isometric muscle strength of the spine and hip muscles. Measures were taken at baseline and 12 and 24 weeks.

Result:
The results showed that patients with CLBP exhibit impaired CPM relative to healthy volunteers even after the intervention period. The overall results of the study showed improvement with time, and there was no difference between the groups in improving outcomes (p > 0.05). There was a small effect size in favor of groups that received exercise and patient education (<0.15) over the control group.

Conclusion:
Considering the comparable effects on clinical outcomes in patients with NSCLBP, this population may be encouraged to undertake exercises of moderate intensity of their preference.
Ab. No. 95 Integrated Effect of Photobiomodulation Therapy Along With Surface Spinal Stimulation and Activity-Based Therapy on Locomotion in an Individual With Traumatic Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury - Single Case Study
Authors: Aggarwal Anshita , Arumugam Narkeesh , Dangi Priyanka 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
The purpose of the study was to examine the integrated effect of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) along with surface spinal stimulation (SSS) and activity-based therapy (ABT) on the locomotion in an individual with traumatic incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI).
The study aims to provide an insight for advanced non-invasive treatment approach useful in activating central pattern generator by bio-modulating the state of spinal cord.

Methods:
Individual diagnosed with traumatic spinal cord injury, Motor incomplete ASIA grade B.
A 36-year-old male pre-diagnosed with D12-L1 vertebrae fracture and anterolisthesis of D11 over D12 vertebra had undergone surgical management in august 2023. Physiotherapy management was given with PBMT using Class IV LASER (2000 joules at 7 watts) on lesion site, SSS (2500 Hz carrier frequency, 80 Hz beat frequency for 20 minutes) on paravertebral area and activity-based therapy (trunk control exercises, body weight supported treadmill training, overground walking for 45 minutes) for 6 sessions per week for duration of 5 weeks.
Pre and Post intervention assessment was done using International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal cord injury- ASIA Impairment Scale, Walking Index for spinal cord injury-II (WISCII-II) and Spinal cord independence measure-III (SCIM-III) at day 0, 15 and 30.

Results:
ASIA motor score of right lower limb, SCIM-III and WISCI-II had shown significant improvement. ASIA motor score of right lower limb improved from 0 to 1, SCIM-III from 42 to 54 and WISCI-II from 0 to 6 between day 0 and day 30.

Conclusion:
The study concluded that combined photobiomodulation therapy using class IV LASER along with surface spinal stimulation and activity-based therapy has positive effect in enhancing the locomotion in an individual with traumatic incomplete SCI.

Implications:
This integrated non-invasive treatment approach can be used as management guideline for enhancing locomotion in individuals with incomplete SCI.