bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inferred drought‐induced plant allocation shifts and their impact on drought legacy at a tropical forest site
Authors: Worden Matthew A. , Famiglietti Caroline A. , Levine Paul A. , Ma Shuang , Bloom A. Anthony , Bonal Damien , Stahl Clément , Konings Alexandra G. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile droughts predominantly induce immediate reductions in plant carbon uptake, they can also exert long‐lasting effects on carbon fluxes through associated changes in leaf area, soil carbon, etc. Among other mechanisms, shifts in carbon allocation due to water stress can contribute to the legacy effects of drought on carbon fluxes. However, the magnitude and impact of these allocation shifts on carbon fluxes and pools remain poorly understood. Using data from a wet tropical flux tower site in French Guiana, we demonstrate that drought‐induced carbon allocation shifts can be reliably inferred by assimilating Net Biosphere Exchange (NBE) and other observations within the CARbon DAta MOdel fraMework. This model‐data fusion system allows inference of optimized carbon and water cycle parameters and states from multiple observational data streams. We then examined how these inferred shifts affected the duration and magnitude of drought's impact on NBE during and after the extreme event. Compared to a static allocation scheme analogous to those typically implemented in land surface models, dynamic allocation reduced average carbon uptake during drought recovery by a factor of 2.8. Additionally, the dynamic model extended the average recovery time by 5 months. The inferred allocation shifts influenced the post‐drought period by altering foliage and fine root pools, which in turn modulated gross primary productivity and heterotrophic respiration for up to a decade. These changes can create a bust‐boom cycle where carbon uptake is enhanced some years after a drought, compared to what would have occurred under drought‐free conditions. Overall, allocation shifts accounted for 65% [45%–75%] of drought legacy effects in modeled NBE. In summary, drought‐induced carbon allocation shifts can play a substantial role in the enduring influence of drought on cumulative land‐atmosphere CO2 exchanges and should be accounted for in ecosystem models.
Metabolism effects of static magnetic field‐assisted freezing on shrimp (Penaeus vannamei)
Authors: Zhu Qijian , Fu Shiqian , Yang Huicheng , Lin Bangchu , Lou Yongjiang , Li Yongyong 
Published: May 2024

SummaryShrimp undergo rapid deterioration after death, primarily due to enzyme activity and microbial growth, with freezing serving as its primary preservation method. In this study, shrimp underwent both conventional freezing (CF) and magnetic field‐assisted freezing (MF), and the shrimp meat's metabolites were scrutinised via metabonomic analysis techniques. The results demonstrate that MF treatment effectively preserved umami components like glutamic acid (log2(FC) = 0.37) and inosinic acid (1.02) while inhibiting the accumulation of spoilage‐related metabolites such as inosine (HxR) (−2.51), hypoxanthine (Hx) (−1.43) and uric acid (UA) (−1.24). Moreover, specific compounds, including 3‐methylhistidine, 1,6‐bisphosphate, phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), HxR, Hx and UA were recognised as potential biomarkers throughout the freezing process. This research offers crucial insights into the intricate molecular mechanisms behind magnetic field‐assisted freezing.
Poverty and public works: Evidence from Hungary
Authors: Colombarolli Claudia , Gábos András 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates how being employed in public works exposes workers and their households to poverty. Public works consist of centrally planned and financed works targeting long‐term unemployed or inactive. Evidence is primarily negative concerning improved employment trajectories, while we still know little about the poverty outcomes. To examine this, we draw on the 2014–2019 cross‐sectional data of the EU‐SILC survey for Hungary. Hungary has invested significantly in these programmes over the last few years, and since 2014, it has provided a unique opportunity to access income and public works information within EU‐SILC. Results highlight the relevance of both quantity and quality of employment. Public workers are better off than long‐term unemployed. However, they show higher poverty risk than non‐public workers (about twice as much). Living with non‐public workers substantially reduces their poverty risk, while households of only public workers struggle more to avoid poverty.
Clinical characteristics and survival outcomes of elderly patients with de novo metastatic germ cell tumors
Authors: Kirisawa Takahiro , Okuno Tomoya , Hagimoto Hiroki , Matsuda Ayumu , Maejima Aiko , Shinoda Yasuo , Nakamura Eijiro , Komiyama Motokiyo , Fujimoto Hiroyuki , Matsui Yoshiyuki 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesTo determine the outcomes for elderly patients with de novo metastatic germ cell tumors and the influence of patient age on adherence to standard chemotherapy.MethodsA total of 150 patients who were initially diagnosed with metastatic germ cell tumors and treated at our institution between 2007 and 2021 were included. Patients were classified according to three age groups: aged <40, 40–49, and ≥50 years. Clinicopathological features, adherence to standard first‐line chemotherapy, overall survival, and disease‐free survival were compared between these groups. We also analyzed the outcomes of patients who received low‐intensity induction chemotherapy due to adverse events and/or comorbidities.ResultsThere was no significant difference in any of the survival outcomes and in the rate of adherence to standard first‐line chemotherapy between the three age groups, although elderly patients with intermediate/poor prognosis group tended to receive less‐intense chemotherapies. The rate of febrile neutropenia as a chemotherapy‐related adverse event was significantly higher in patients aged ≥50 years. No statistical significance in survival outcomes was detected between the group of patients who received relatively low‐intensity induction chemotherapy and those who received adequately intensive planned chemotherapy.ConclusionsThe adherence rate of standard fist‐line chemotherapy of elderly patients is almost comparable to that of younger patients, although some adverse events should be carefully managed. Even elderly patients with metastatic germ cell tumors can aim for equivalently good survival outcome like younger populations, with effort to adhere to standard chemotherapy.
Mediation of psychological ownership between green human resources management and nursing faculty's green behavior
Authors: Tawfik Ahmed Farghaly , El‐Ashry Ayman Mohamed , El‐fattah Mahgoub Shimaa Abd , Mohamed Sanaa Hassan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundGreening organizations have become a top priority for decision‐makers in the 21st century. Psychological ownership can be improved through responsible administration, which, in turn, improves green behavior.AimInvestigating the mediating role of psychological ownership in the relationship between green human resources management (HRM) and green behavior among nursing faculty.Design and methodA correlational analytical research design was utilized to conduct the study following the STROBE guidelines. A convenience sample of 204 academic staff was used. Four data collection tools were used: sociodemographic characteristics, the green HRM questionnaire, the Psychological Ownership Scale, and the Green Behaviour Scale.ResultsFaculty members who perceive strong green HRM practices are more likely to have heightened psychological ownership, positively influencing their engagement in green behavior. Conversely, weaker perceptions of green HRM are associated with lower levels of green behavior. Psychological ownership was found to act as a partial mediator between green HRM and green behavior. Even when considering the influence of psychological ownership, green HRM has a significant and direct impact on green behavior.ConclusionFaculty members who perceive a high level of green HRM practices are more likely to have a high level of psychological ownership that, in turn, influences their green behavior.Implications for nursing and health policyWorkshops on psychological ownership and green behavior can foster environmental sustainability. Policies should integrate green HRM practices into nursing education and healthcare facilities, recognizing psychological ownership's role. Incentivizing green initiatives can motivate staff, aligning with broader conservation goals. Encouraging an ethos of environmental stewardship benefits both the healthcare and sustainable development agendas.
Assessment of Illness Severity in Adults Hospitalized With Acute Respiratory Tract Infection due to Influenza, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, or Human Metapneumovirus
Authors: Falsey Ann R. , Walsh Edward E. , House Stacey L. , Vandendijck Yannick , Stevens Marita , Chan Eric K. H. , Ispas Gabriela 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundInfluenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) are common respiratory viruses causing similar symptoms. Optimal tools to assess illness severity for these viruses have not been defined. Using the Hospitalized Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (HARTI) study data, we report symptom severity by clinician‐rated clinical severity scores (CSS) in adults with influenza, RSV, or hMPV and correlations between CSS and patient‐reported outcomes (PROs).MethodsHARTI was a global epidemiologic study in adults hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infections. Patients were assessed at enrollment within 24 h of admission with CSS and twice during hospitalization with CSS, Respiratory Infection Intensity and Impact Questionnaire™ (RiiQ™), and EQ‐5D‐5L. Data were summarized descriptively, stratified by pathogen and baseline and hospitalization characteristics. Domain (general, upper respiratory, and lower respiratory) and sign/symptom subscores are presented for CSS; sign/symptom subscores are presented for RiiQ™ results.ResultsData from 635 patients with influenza, 248 with RSV, and 107 with hMPV were included. At enrollment, total CSS and general and lower respiratory signs/symptoms (LRS) scores were higher for RSV and hMPV than influenza. Between‐pathogen differences were greatest for LRS scores. Dyspnea, rales/rhonchi, wheezing, and shortness of breath scores trended higher for RSV and hMPV than influenza. RiiQ™ scores for cough, fatigue, and short of breath were strongly correlated with corresponding clinician‐rated symptoms.ConclusionsThese findings support the use of PROs (e.g., the RiiQ™) correlating with clinician assessments to gauge patient well‐being and aid patient management by accurately assessing respiratory illness severity due to RSV, hMPV, or influenza.
The EU’s Transactional Approach to Rule of Law Spending Conditionality in the 2020s
Authors: Thinus Pauline 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRule of law spending conditionality marks a turn in the EU’s strategy in the 2020s. The entry of this value into the budgetary sphere represents an economization process, creating room for the development of a transactional approach to rule of law compliance. This article defines this conceptual framework and examines the extent of its application through the case study of three budgetary instruments used during the 2021–2027 cycle: the Recovery and Resilience Facility, the Rule of Law Conditionality Regulation and the horizontal enabling condition of the Charter of Fundamental Rights. Contributing to the recent Europeanization literature, it also emphasizes the change in European governance and in the EU–Member State relationship triggered by the new conditionality culture following the succession of European crises, moving from a traditional politico‐legal enforcement model to a transactional one.
GmNF‐YC4 delays soybean flowering and maturation by directly repressing GmFT2a and GmFT5a expression
Authors: Cai Yupeng , Chen Li , Liu Xiaoqian , Yao Weiwei , Hou Wensheng 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTFlowering time and growth period are key agronomic traits which directly affect soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) adaptation to diverse latitudes and farming systems. The FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) homologs GmFT2a and GmFT5a integrate multiple flowering regulation pathways and significantly advance flowering and maturity in soybean. Pinpointing the genes responsible for regulating GmFT2a and GmFT5a will improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing growth period in soybean. In this study, we identified the Nuclear Factor Y‐C (NFY‐C) protein GmNF‐YC4 as a novel flowering suppressor in soybean under long‐day (LD) conditions. GmNF‐YC4 delays flowering and maturation by directly repressing the expression of GmFT2a and GmFT5a. In addition, we found that a strong selective sweep event occurred in the chromosomal region harboring the GmNF‐YC4 gene during soybean domestication. The GmNF‐YC4Hap3 allele was mainly found in wild soybean (Glycine soja Siebold & Zucc.) and has been eliminated from G. max landraces and improved cultivars, which predominantly contain the GmNF‐YC4Hap1 allele. Furthermore, the Gmnf‐yc4 mutants displayed notably accelerated flowering and maturation under LD conditions. These alleles may prove to be valuable genetic resources for enhancing soybean adaptability to higher latitudes.
Impact of authentic leadership on nurses' well‐being and quality of care in the acute care settings
Authors: Alhalal Eman , Alharbi Johara Fahad , Alharbi Sabah Turyhib , Alotaibi Sarah Saad , Albagami Norah Saleh , Alruwaili Salman Mutarid , Alshammari Saad Aqeel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionBoth nurses' well‐being and quality of care are top priorities of the healthcare system. Yet, there is still a gap in understanding the extent and how authentic leadership influences them. This information is needed to inform the development of effective interventions, organizational practices, and policies. Thus, this study aimed to test the mechanism by which nurses' perception of their managers' authentic leadership impacts nurses' well‐being and perception of quality of care, given the role of the nursing practice environment and nurses' psychological capital.DesignA cross‐sectional design was used.MethodsThis study recruited a random sample of 680 nurses from six hospitals in Saudi Arabia. A final sample of 415 completed the surveys, with a response rate of 61%. Structural equation modeling was performed to test the hypothesized model.ResultsThe study showed that nurses' perceptions of authentic leadership in their managers positively and directly affect their perceptions of quality of care but do not directly affect nurses' well‐being. Both the nursing practice environment and psychological capital fully mediated the relationship between authentic leadership and nurses' well‐being. However, the nursing practice environment partially mediated the relationship between authentic leadership and perceptions of quality of care.ConclusionThe findings contribute to understanding the crucial role of authentic leaders' style in nurses' well‐being and quality of care through its positive impact on the nursing practice environment and psychological capital.Clinical RelevanceDesigning interventions and policies that specifically target nursing managers' authentic leadership style has implications for enhancing nurses' well‐being and the quality of patient care. Institutional measures are needed to help leaders practice an authentic leadership style to create a positive nursing practice environment and cultivate nurses' psychological capital, both of which contribute to nurses' well‐being and attaining a better quality of care. Further work is required to highlight the outcomes of implementing an authentic leadership style relevant to other leadership styles.
Inhalant abuse among street‐involved children and adolescents in India: Case for epistemic recognition and reorientation
Authors: Shaikh Ajazuddin , Sarin Ankur 
Published: May 2024

AbstractContextualizing the void of research on inhalant abuse among adolescents as epistemic neglect, in this study, we use mixed‐methods action research to understand inhalant abuse in a specific context in the Global South. Focusing on a large metropolitan city in Western India, we surveyed 158 street‐involved children and adolescents (110 boys and 48 girls, age range from 5 to 17 years) in a group setting along with follow‐up group interviews. Despite finding a high prevalence rate of inhalant abuse, our work suggests an absence of supporting structures and emphasizes the need to revisit our understanding and interpretation of substance‐using behavior of street‐involved youth. Instead of explaining inhalant‐abusing behavior as emerging from pathological deficiencies in individuals or households, we stress the need to critically examine the exploitative environment they are embedded in. In doing so, we join efforts to decolonize conventional ways of understanding “deviant” behavior.
Exploring COVID‐19 census burdens by US hospital characteristics: Implications of quality reporting at rural and critical access hospitals
Authors: Ugwuowo Ugochukwu C. , Meier Sarah K. , Franco Pablo Moreno , Noe Katherine H. , Dowdy Sean C. , Pollock Benjamin D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeBy assessing longitudinal associations between COVID‐19 census burdens and hospital characteristics, such as bed size and critical access status, we can explore whether pandemic‐era hospital quality benchmarking requires risk‐adjustment or stratification for hospital‐level characteristics.MethodsWe used hospital‐level data from the US Department of Health and Human Services including weekly total hospital and COVID‐19 censuses from August 2020 to August 2023 and the 2021 American Hospital Association survey. We calculated weekly percentages of total adult hospital beds containing COVID‐19 patients. We then calculated the number of weeks each hospital spent at Extreme (≥20% of beds occupied by COVID‐19 patients), High (10%–19%), Moderate (5%–9%), and Low (<5%) COVID‐19 stress. We assessed longitudinal hospital‐level COVID‐19 stress, stratified by 15 hospital characteristics including joint commission accreditation, bed size, teaching status, critical access hospital status, and core‐based statistical area (CBSA) rurality.FindingsAmong n = 2582 US hospitals, the median(IQR) weekly percentage of hospital capacity occupied by COVID‐19 patients was 6.7%(3.6%–13.0%). 80,268/213,383 (38%) hospital‐weeks experienced Low COVID‐19 census stress, 28% Moderate stress, 22% High stress, and 12% Extreme stress. COVID‐19 census burdens were similar across most hospital characteristics, but were significantly greater for critical access hospitals.ConclusionsUS hospitals experienced similar COVID‐19 census burdens across multiple institutional characteristics. Evidence‐based inclusion of pandemic‐era outcomes in hospital quality reporting may not require significant hospital‐level risk‐adjustment or stratification, with the exception of rural or critical access hospitals, which experienced differentially greater COVID‐19 census burdens and may merit hospital‐level risk‐adjustment considerations.
Pseudohypoaldosteronism and acquired renal aldosterone resistance with hyperkalemic type IV renal tubular acidosis in 2 cats
Authors: Marino Christina L. , Foster Jonathan D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis report describes the diagnosis and treatment of aldosterone resistance (AR) and acquired hyperkalemic type IV renal tubular acidosis (RTA) in 2 cats comparable to acquired pseudohypoaldosteronism in people. One cat developed AR from chronic kidney disease after an acute kidney injury and was treated with furosemide per os, which resolved the hyperkalemic RTA. The second cat developed transient AR secondary to a bacterial urinary tract infection associated with urethral catheterization, and treatment with antibiotics resolved the hyperkalemic RTA.
Development of a telomere vector‐based approach to overcome limitations caused by lethal phenotypes in the study of essential genes in Magnaporthe oryzae
Authors: Wirtz Louisa , Casanova Florencia , Schaffrath Ulrich , Wegner Alex 
Published: May 2024

AbstractReverse genetic approaches are common tools in genomics for elucidating gene functions, involving techniques such as gene deletion followed by screening for aberrant phenotypes. If the generation of gene deletion mutants fails, the question arises whether the failure stems from technical issues or because the gene of interest (GOI) is essential, meaning that the deletion causes lethality. In this report, we introduce a novel method for assessing gene essentiality using the phytopathogenic ascomycete Magnaporthe oryzae. The method is based on the observation that telomere vectors are lost in transformants during cultivation without selection pressure. We tested the hypothesis that essential genes can be identified in deletion mutants co‐transformed with a telomere vector. The M. oryzae gene MoPKC, described in literature as essential, was chosen as GOI. Using CRISPR/Cas9 technology transformants with deleted GOI were generated and backed up by a telomere vector carrying a copy of the GOI and conferring fenhexamid resistance. Transformants in which the GOI deletion in the genome was not successful lost the telomere vector on media without fenhexamid. In contrast, transformants with confirmed GOI deletion retained the telomere vector even in absence of fenhexamid selection. In the latter case, the maintenance of the telomere indicates that the GOI is essential for the surveillance of the fungi, as it would have been lost otherwise. The method presented here allows to test for essentiality of genes when no mutants can be obtained from gene deletion approaches, thereby expanding the toolbox for studying gene function in ascomycetes.
Fusarium keratitis in a Brazilian tropical semi‐arid area: Clinical–epidemiological features, molecular identification and antifungal susceptibility
Authors: Milanez Edlâny Pinho Romão , de Souza Pedro de Freitas Santos Manzi , Monteiro Ruan Campos , Pereira Lívia Maria Galdino , Peixoto Paulo Henrique Soares , de Oliveira Denis Francisco Gonçalves , Colares Pedro Paulo Rodrigues , Teixeira Raielly Furtado , Andrade Marília de Freitas Chaves e , Silva Jailton Vieira , Rodrigues Anderson Messias , de Souza Collares Maia Débora Castelo Branco , Cordeiro Rossana de Aguiar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundFungal keratitis is a severe eye infection that can result in blindness and visual impairment, particularly in developing countries. Fusarium spp. are the primary causative agents of this condition. Diagnosis of Fusarium keratitis (FK) is challenging, and delayed treatment can lead to serious complications. However, there is limited epidemiological data on FK, especially in tropical areas.ObjectivesThis study aimed to describe the clinical, laboratorial and epidemiological characteristics of FK in a tropical semi‐arid region of Brazil.Patients/MethodsAdult patients with laboratory‐confirmed FK diagnosed between October 2019 and March 2022 were evaluated. Fusarium isolates were characterized at molecular level and evaluated regarding antifungal susceptibility.ResultsA total of 226 clinical samples from patients suspected of keratitis were evaluated; fungal growth was detected in 50 samples (22.12%); out of which 42 were suggestive of Fusarium spp. (84%). Molecular analysis of a randomly selected set of 27 isolates identified F. solani species complex (n = 14); F. fujikuroi sensu lato (n = 6) and F. dimerum sensu lato (n = 7); a total of 10 haplotypes were identified among the strains. All but one Fusarium strains were inhibited by amphotericin B, natamycin and fluconazole. Most patients were male (71.42%; 30 out of 42), aged from 27 to 73 years old. Trauma was the most important risk factor for FK (40.47%; 17 out of 42). Patients were treated with antifungals, corticoids and antibiotics; keratoplasty and eye enucleation were also performed.ConclusionsThe study provided insights into the characteristics of FK in tropical regions and emphasized the importance of enhanced surveillance and management strategies.