bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Years of running, chronic diseases, and allergies are associated with gradual onset Achilles tendon injuries in 61,252 running race entrants: SAFER XXXIX study
Authors: Young Jonah , Wood Paola , Schwellnus Martin , Jordaan Esmè , Swanevelder Sonja 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundGradual‐onset Achilles tendon injuries (GoATIs) in runners are common. Data show that chronic diseases are associated with GoATI.ObjectiveTo determine risk factors associated with a history of GoATIs among long‐distance runners (21.1 and 56 km) entering a mass community‐based running event.MethodsOnline pre‐race medical screening questionnaire data from 76,654 consenting Two Ocean Marathon race entrants (71.8% entrants) were collected prospectively over 4 years (2012–2015); this cross‐sectional study is a retrospective analysis of these data. A total of 617 entrants (0.8%) reported a GoATI in the last 12 months; 60,635 entrants reported no history of any running injury (controls). Categories of factors associated with GoATI were explored (univariate and multiple regression analyses): demographics (age group, sex, race, distance), training/racing history, and history of allergy, history of chronic disease, and Composite Chronic Disease Score. Prevalence and prevalence ratios (PRs; 95% CI) are reported.ResultsFactors associated with a higher prevalence of a history of GoATI (univariate analysis vs. controls) were older age (>31 years) (p < .001), male sex (PR = 1.76; p < .001), and longer race distance (56 km vs. 21.1 km) (PR = 2.06; p < .001). Independent factors associated with a history of GoATI (multiple regression) were increased years of recreational running (PR = 1.17 for every 5‐year increase, p < .001), higher Composite Chronic Disease Score (PR = 2.07 for every 2‐unit increase, p < .001), and allergy history (PR = 1.98 p < .001).ConclusionNovel independent factors associated with a history of GoATI in distance runners were increased years of recreational running, chronic disease history, and allergy history. Runners at risk for GoATI could be targeted for injury prevention interventions. Future studies should focus on establishing a causal relationship.
The use of cell and larval assays to identify target genes for RNA interference‐meditated control of the Australian sheep blowfly (Lucilia cuprina)
Authors: Yang Yunjia , Zhang Bing , Yong Jiaxi , James Peter , Xu Zhi Ping , Mitter Neena , Mahony Timothy J , Mody Karishma T 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDFlystrike, primarily caused by Lucilia cuprina, is a major health and welfare issue for sheep wool industries. Current chemical‐based controls can have limited effectiveness due to the emergence of resistance in the parasite. RNA interference (RNAi), which uses double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) as a trigger molecule, has been successfully investigated for the development of innovative pest control strategies. Although RNAi offers great potential, the efficient identification, selection of target genes and delivery of dsRNA represent challenges to be overcome for the successful application of RNAi for control of L. cuprina.RESULTSA primary L. cuprina (blowfly) embryo cell line (BFEC) was established and confirmed as being derived from L. cuprina eggs by PCR and amplicon sequencing. The BFECs were successfully transfected with plasmids and messenger RNA (mRNA) expressing fluorescent reporter proteins and dsRNA using lipid‐based transfection reagents. The transfection of dsRNA into BEFC in this study suggested decreased mRNA levels of target gene expression, which suggested RNAi‐mediated knockdown. Three of the dsRNAs identified in this study resulted in reductions of in target gene mRNA levels in BFEC and loss of biological fitness by L. cuprina larvae in a feeding bioassay.CONCLUSIONThis study confirms that the novel BFEC cell line can be used to improve the efficacy of dsRNA‐mediated screening to accelerate the identification of potential target genes in the development of RNAi mediated control approaches for L. cuprina. The research models established in this study are encouraging with respect to the use of RNAi as a blowfly control method, however further improvement and validation are required for field applicationsnot prefect, and could be ongoing developing. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Coherently Driven Quantum Harmonic Oscillator Battery
Authors: Gangwar Kuldeep , Pathak Anirban 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecently, quantum harmonic oscillator (QHO) battery models have been studied with importance because these experimentally realizable batteries have high ergotropy and capacity to store more than one quanta of energy. However, the following fundamental questions are not yet answered: Do these models have any benefit? Are these models stable against the environment? These questions are answered both numerically and analytically by considering a model that allows a laser to shine on a QHO charger, which interacts with a QHO battery. The laser frequency is tuned with the local frequencies of the charger and battery (off‐resonance) or the frequency of the global charger‐battery system (on‐resonance). It is shown that for a fixed laser field amplitude, in the off‐resonance (on‐resonance) charging process, the maximum energy stored in a battery depends on the detuning and coupling strength (charger dissipation constant). The charging process of the open QHO, which is a simplified model, is also discussed. Further, the charging process of QHO in the simplified model is observed to be faster than the same for the catalytic and non‐catalytic batteries. The self‐discharging process is found to be almost doubly faster than the charging process, implying that the QHO batteries are unstable against the environment.
Force/position tracking control of fracture reduction robot based on nonlinear disturbance observer and neural network
Authors: Lei Jintao , Wang Zhuangzhuang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundFor the fracture reduction robot, the position tracking accuracy and compliance are affected by dynamic loads from muscle stretching, uncertainties in robot dynamics models, and various internal and external disturbances.MethodsA control method that integrates a Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) with Nonlinear Disturbance Observer is proposed to enhance position tracking accuracy. Additionally, an admittance control is employed for force tracking to enhance the robot's compliance, thereby improving the safety.ResultsExperiments are conducted on a long bone fracture model with simulated muscle forces and the results demonstrate that the position tracking error is less than ±0.2 mm, the angular displacement error is less than ±0.3°, and the maximum force tracking error is 26.28 N. This result can meet surgery requirements.ConclusionsThe control method shows promising outcomes in enhancing the safety and accuracy of long bone fracture reduction with robotic assistance.
Augmented‐reality‐based surgical navigation for endoscope retrograde cholangiopancreatography: A phantom study
Authors: Lin Zhipeng , Yang Zhuoyue , Li Ranyang , Sun Shangyu , Yan Bin , Yang Yongming , Liu Hao , Pan Junjun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundEndoscope retrograde cholangiopancreatography is a standard surgical treatment for gallbladder and pancreatic diseases. However, surgeons is at high risk and require sufficient surgical experience and skills.Methods(1) The simultaneous localisation and mapping technique to reconstruct the surgical environment. (2) The preoperative 3D model is transformed into the intraoperative video environment to implement the multi‐modal fusion. (3) A framework for virtual‐to‐real projection based on hand‐eye alignment. For the purpose of projecting the 3D model onto the imaging plane of the camera, it uses position data from electromagnetic sensors.ResultsOur AR‐assisted navigation system can accurately guide physicians, which means a distance of registration error to be restricted to under 5 mm and a projection error of 5.76 ± 2.13, and the intubation procedure is done at 30 frames per second.ConclusionsCoupled with clinical validation and user studies, both the quantitative and qualitative results indicate that our navigation system has the potential to be highly useful in clinical practice.
Gaussian process selections in semiparametric multi‐kernel machine regression for multi‐pathway analysis
Authors: Lin Jiali , Kim Inyoung 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAnalyzing
correlated high‐dimensional data is a challenging problem in genomics, proteomics, and other related areas. For example, it is important to identify significant genetic pathway effects associated with biomarkers in which a gene pathway is a set of genes that functionally works together to regulate a certain biological process. A pathway‐based analysis can detect a subtle change in expression level that cannot be found using a gene‐based analysis. Here, we refer to pathway as a set and gene as an element in a set. However, it is challenging to select automatically which pathways are highly associated to the outcome when there are multiple pathways. In this paper, we propose a semiparametric multikernel regression model to study the effects of fixed covariates (e.g., clinical variables) and sets of elements (e.g., pathways of genes) to address a problem of detecting signal sets associated to biomarkers. We model the unknown high‐dimension functions of multi‐sets via multiple Gaussian kernel machines to consider the possibility that elements within the same set interact with each other. Hence, our variable set selection can be considered a Gaussian process set selection. We develop our Gaussian process set selection under the Bayesian variance component‐selection framework. We incorporate prior knowledge for structural sets by imposing an Ising prior on the model. Our approach can be easily applied in high‐dimensional spaces where the sample size is smaller than the number of variables. An efficient variational Bayes algorithm is developed. We demonstrate the advantages of our approach through simulation studies and through a type II diabetes genetic‐pathway analysis.
Green Synthesis of Carbon Aerogel from Rose Apple (Syzygium jambos) for Ciprofloxacin, Diesel Oil, Organic Solvents Adsorption, and Electrochemical Properties
Authors: Phong Mai Thanh , Dat Tran Do , An Hoang , Nam Nguyen Thanh Hoai , Cong Che Quang , Tu Phan Minh , Minh Dang Thanh Cong , Hieu Nguyen Huu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe ascribed work suggests a fabrication pathway of carbon aerogel material from the rose apple (Syzygium jambos) fruit (RACA), in which a hydrothermal step, followed by a calcination process under various temperatures from 600 to 900 °C was carried out. RACA were characterized via multiple methods to briefly determine the optimal calcination temperature for the application, revealing that the temperature of 700 °C provided an intermediate deconstruction effect to form the amorphous structure and amplified the surface area. Whence, the materials were assessed for the adsorption capacities towards diesel oil which provided a capacity of approximately 35 g/g, although the adsorption capacity decreased slightly after 5 cycles of recovery and reuse. Furthermore, RACA‐700 exhibits high adsorption capacity of organic solvents (toluene, cyclohexane, butanol, hexane, and chloroform) and the ciprofloxacin antibiotic. Besides, the utilization of the fabricated carbon aerogel in the supercapacitor was also investigated. The obtained results elucidate the highest specific capacitance of 61.20 F/g, corresponding with the lowest resistance of 195.6 Ω, which indicates the ability to maintain capacitance after 5000 cycles and still retain 60 % efficiency, thereby signifying the potential application of carbon aerogel in sustainable material construction.
Catalytic Activity and Mechanical Stability of ZIFs‐Derived CoCeOx/Cordierite Monolithic Catalysts
Authors: Zhang Fan , Zhang Heng , Wu Dongfang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBimetallic oxide catalysts derived from zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) have good catalytic oxidation activity, but their application is limited because the powder is not conducive to industrial production. In this study, CoCeOx/cordierite monolithic catalysts derived from ZIFs were prepared by a simple impregnation method. Firstly, a phase transition of Co‐ZIF was induced in ethanol solution by adding excessive Ce(NO3)3. Subsequently, tannic acid (TA) was used to chelate excess metal on the surface to expose more active sites. Meanwhile, TA staying on the surface of the precursor could also prevent the accumulation of Ce at high temperatures. After the activity test, CoCeOx/cordierite showed excellent activity for the catalytic oxidation of o‐xylene with a T90 of 295 °C. The mechanical stability of the catalyst was also tested by ultrasonic vibration method. In addition, we investigated the influence of factors such as impregnation cycles and TA treatment time on the physical and chemical properties. This paper provides a new idea for preparing monolithic catalysts derived from ZIFs.
Daidzein‐Based Amphiphilic Small Molecular Antimicrobial Peptidomimetics as Novel Antimicrobial Agents with Anti‐Biofilm Activity
Authors: Hong Zijian , Yu Tsz Tin , Yasir Muhammad , Sara Manjulatha , Black David StC , Willcox Mark DP , Kuppusamy Rajesh , Kumar Naresh 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA new series of daidzein‐based short peptidomimetic compounds were developed. In this study, we incorporated an alkyl chain with different chain lengths as hydrophobic groups, various amino acids and their respective guanidinium salts as hydrophilic groups. The most potent compound 9 a showed excellent antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 8 μM against S. aureus and 32 μM against Escherichia coli. Furthermore, 9 a inhibited more than 65 % S. aureus biofilm formation at sub‐MIC, it also disrupted 69 % pre‐established S. aureus at 64 μM. The cytoplasmic membrane permeability study of 9 a revealed that the depolarization of membrane could be the possible mechanism of action. However, 9 a exhibited moderate toxicity against human erythrocytes.
Catalytic Esterification of Pentaerythritol over a Mesoporous Composite SnCl2@HZSM‐5 Catalyst
Authors: Mi Miao , Xiong Jie , Zhang Suhong , Zhang Yidong , Chen Xin , Shao Rong , Xu Wei , Ding Jianfei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe mesoporous HZSM‐5 and SnCl2@HZSM‐5 mesoporous composite were prepared by two‐step crystallization and wet impregnation method, respectively. The catalytic esterification performances of SnCl2, HZSM‐5 and SnCl2@HZSM‐5 were compared. SnCl2@HZSM‐5 had the most amount of total and weak acidity, and the weakest acid strength. More total acid content was beneficial to increase pentaerythritol conversion, and the weak acid could improve the selectivity of PETS, and weak acid strength was beneficial to inhibit the formation of carbon deposits. Brönsted and Lewis acid sites were present simultaneously on the SnCl2@HZSM‐5 catalyst. Moreover, some extra Brönsted acid sites were created on the SnCl2@HZSM‐5 catalyst, because the interaction of SnCl2 with HZSM‐5 may result in the exchange of Sn2+ with protons. Both acid sites could catalyze the esterification reaction, and the Brönsted acid site was more beneficial to increasing PETS selectivity. Therefore, SnCl2@HZSM‐5 showed the highest pentaerythritol conversion, PETS selectivity and catalytic stability. The generation of coke and the leaching of Sn were the main cause of catalyst deactivation. Under the optimized process conditions: 105 °C, 4.7 molar ratio of stearic acid and pentaerythritol, 1.2 wt % catalyst amount and 2.5 wt % SnCl2 loading, after 3 h reaction time, the pentaerythritol conversion, PETS selectivity and yield was 99.3 %, 97.2 % and 96.5 %, respectively.
Improving the Device Stability by Controlling the Morphology of Quantum Dot Emissive Layer Via a Coating Process in Blue QLEDs
Authors: Diker Halide , Ozguler Sahika , Sevim Unluturk Secil , Ozcelik Serdar , Varlikli Canan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBlue light‐emitting CdSe@ZnS/ZnS quantum dot (QD) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized and their photophysical properties in both solution and film phases were investigated. The morphological properties of films prepared by different coating methods i. e. single layer coating from low to high concentrations of QD solutions and layer‐by‐layer (multilayer) coating within constant low QD solution concentration, were also examined in detail. Varying the concentration (1–10 mg/mL) and the number of layers (from 1–16) did not essentially affect the photophysical properties of QD films, although it resulted in a direct increment in QD film thickness. The concentration and layer‐dependent films were used as an emissive layer (EML) in QD light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs). Although the “6 mg/ml−1 Layer” QD EML‐based device exhibited relatively high device efficiency compared to the “1 mg/ml−10 Layers” based one at working voltage region, it had ~2‐fold higher efficiency roll‐off at high voltage region. The performance differences for both devices with the same QD EML thickness were attributed to the morphological variations for the QD layer in terms of surface roughness, void density, aggregates/clusters, and trap sites that were directly related to the charge injection balance and Auger recombination.
Do tenure‐based voting rights help mitigate the family firm control‐growth dilemma?
Authors: Imperatore Claudia , Pope Peter F. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractResearch SummaryInvestment growth in family firms is constrained by family preferences to retain corporate control, which limits outside equity issuance and increases the expropriation risk perceived by external minority shareholders. Tenure‐based voting rights (TVRs) weaken the link between voting rights and cash flow rights, facilitating new equity capital issuance without loss of control. We find that publicly listed family firms in Italy adopt TVRs to facilitate the continuation of investment growth while retaining family control. We also find that in family firms with fragile control, investment increases after TVR adoption. Our results indicate that control‐enhancing mechanisms such as TVRs can help resolve the control–growth dilemma in family firms.Managerial SummaryFamily firms tend to invest less than other firms because funding new investment can lead to loss of family control. Tenure‐based voting rights (TVRs) reinforce the control of qualifying family shareholders, giving them extra shareholder voting power. Deviation from the one‐share‐one‐vote principle is generally regarded as detrimental to outside shareholders' interests. However, we find that TVR‐adopting Italian family firms invest more, pay higher dividends, are more profitable and have more outside shareholders on the board of directors. In other words, violation of the one‐share‐one‐vote rule using TVRs can benefit both family owners and outside shareholders. Policymakers could consider whether TVRs can help in promoting economic growth, especially in countries where family firms are important.
Surface Area‐Enhanced Cerium and Sulfur‐Modified Hierarchical Bismuth Oxide Nanosheets for Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction to Formate
Authors: Palanimuthu Naveenkumar , Subramaniam Mohan Raj , P. Muthu Austeria , Sharma Preetam Kumar , Ramalingam Vinoth , Peramaiah Karthik , Ramakrishnan Shanmugam , Gu Geun Ho , Yu Eileen Hao , Yoo Dong Jin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractElectrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (ECO2RR) is a promising approach to synthesize fuels and value‐added chemical feedstocks while reducing atmospheric CO2 levels. Here, high surface area cerium and sulfur‐doped hierarchical bismuth oxide nanosheets (Ce@S‐Bi2O3) are develpoed by a solvothermal method. The resulting Ce@S‐Bi2O3 electrocatalyst shows a maximum formate Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 92.5% and a current density of 42.09 mA cm−2 at −1.16 V versus RHE using a traditional H‐cell system. Furthermore, using a three‐chamber gas diffusion electrode (GDE) reactor, a maximum formate FE of 85% is achieved in a wide range of applied potentials (−0.86 to −1.36 V vs RHE) using Ce@S‐Bi2O3. The density functional theory (DFT) results show that doping of Ce and S in Bi2O3 enhances formate production by weakening the OH* and H* species. Moreover, DFT calculations reveal that *OCHO is a dominant pathway on Ce@S‐Bi2O3 that leads to efficient formate production. This study opens up new avenues for designing metal and element‐doped electrocatalysts to improve the catalytic activity and selectivity for ECO2RR.
Recent Research Progress of Porous Graphene and Applications in Molecular Sieve, Sensor, and Supercapacitor
Authors: Liu Mengya , Wang Liping , Yu Gui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPorous graphene, including 2D and 3D porous graphene, is widely researched recently. One of the most attractive features is the proper utilization of graphene defects, which combine the advantages of both graphene and porous materials, greatly enriching the applications of porous graphene in biology, chemistry, electronics, and other fields. In this review, the defects of graphene are first discussed to provide a comprehensive understanding of porous graphene. Then, the latest advancements in the preparation of 2D and 3D porous graphene are presented. The pros and cons of these preparation methods are discussed in detail, providing a direction for the fabrication of porous graphene. Moreover, various superior properties of porous graphene are described, laying the foundation for their promising applications. Owing to its abundant morphology, wide distribution of pore size, and remarkable properties benefited from porous structure, porous graphene can not only promote molecular diffusion and electron transfer but also expose more active sites. Consequently, a serious of applications containing gas sieving, liquid separation, sensors, and supercapacitors, are presented. Finally, the challenges confronted during preparation and characterization of porous graphene are discussed, offering guidance for the future development of porous graphene in fabrication, characterization, properties, and applications.
Electrolyte Superwetting and Electrode Friendly of Porous Membrane for Better Cycling Stability of Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Feng Yunchong , Zhu Xuebing , Bian Tengfei , Liu Zewen , Zhao Long , Wang Jinhao , He Jinling , Zhao Yong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPorous polymer membranes as separator plays important roles in separating cathode and anode, storing electrolytes, and transporting ions in energy storage devices. Here, an effective strategy is reported to prepare an electrolyte superwetting membrane, which shows good Li+ transport rate and uniformity, as well as electrode‐friendly properties to afford the reduction and oxidation of electrodes. It thereby improves the cycle stability and safety of Li metal batteries. With the arrayed capillaries technique, a thin layer of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composite is uniformly coated on the surface and pores of polypropylene (PP) membrane with a total thickness of 30 µm. After treating it with n‐butyllithium and LiNO3 in turn, a chemically inert membrane with efficient and uniform ion transport is prepared, and the cycle stability of Li||Li symmetric cells is up to 1500 h, 4 times higher than that of PP membrane. Moreover, the Li||LiFePO4 with as‐prepared membranes achieve a higher capacity retention rate of 92% after 190 cycles at a current density of 3.6 mA cm−2 and a capacity of 3.6 mAh cm−2, and the Li||NCM721 batteries achieve a capacity retention rate of 71% after 600 cycles at a current density of 1.8 mA cm−2.