bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyperoxic respiratory challenges to monitor chemotherapy effects on Brca1/p53 deficient mice breast tumors.
Authors: Kim JG , Kim Y , Cerussi AE , Lee EY , Tromberg BJ 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Abstract #5065
Background: Response to cancer treatments such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and photodynamic therapy are less effective when tumors are hypoxic. Hyperoxic gas intervention has been shown to improve tumor oxygenation. Here we report how hemodynamic changes due to oxygen intervention are related to the tumor response during cisplatin treatment of spontaneous mammary tumors developed in mice with conditional inactivation of the Brca1 and p53 genes.&#x2028; Materials and Methods: We treated mammary tumors in Brca1/p53 knockout mice (n=8) with 1.2mg/kg of Cisplatin (i. p. daily for a week), and tumor volume and body weight were monitored during treatment. We imaged tumors during chemotherapy using an optical imaging system that quantifies intrinsic light scattering and absorption by projecting spatially modulated, near infrared (NIR) light (650nm to 980nm) onto tissues and calculating oxy-(Ohb), deoxy-(RHb), total hemoglobin (THb) concentrations, tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) values, and scattering values at all wavelengths. During imaging, animals were anesthetized using 1.5% isoflurane and each animal inhaled medical air (33% O2) for 6 min followed by 100% oxygen for an additional 12 min.&#x2028; Results: Among 8 tumors, 5 (volume=0.38±0.1) showed response to Cisplatin treatment while the other 3 tumors (volume=0.56±0.12) did not. Tumors responding to Cisplatin displayed greater than 2-fold increase in [Ohb] and [RHb] during oxygen intervention compared to non responding tumors (p&lt;0.05). (Fig.1) Significant differences in tumor size changes (data not shown) were also observed between responders and non-responders.&#x2028; &#x2028; Discussion: Breast cancers are heterogeneous in their molecular profiles as well as treatment response. Hyperoxic gas intervention during chemotherapy combined with intrinsic signal optical imaging can be used to evaluate vascular reactivity. Our preliminary results indicate that OHb and RHb reactive tumors are significantly more likely to respond to Cisplatin chemotherapy. This general approach can be extended to other tumor therapy models and can be readily translated to patients.&#x2028; Keywords:Breast Cancer, Brca1/p53 Transgenic Mice, Diffuse Optical Imaging, Cisplatin Chemotherapy.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 5065.
αB-crystallin, vimentin and increased p53 expression levels in breast cancer is associated with poor prognosis.
Authors: Quinlan PR , Sreseli R , Quinlan RA , Hadad S , Bray SE , Kernohan N , Kellock D , Baker L , Purdie C , Jordan L , Thompson AM 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Abstract #5070
Background: Previous studies have identified αB-crystallin as a marker of poor prognosis for breast cancer and have suggested that it is an excellent marker for tumours of basal origin. Increased expression of αB-crystallin has been associated with anchorage-independent growth and metastasis leading to the suggestion that αB-crystallin is an oncoprotein. We have considered whether the αB-crystallin binding proteins, vimentin and HSP27 also show a similar association with poor prognosis. We also investigated whether either HSP27 phosphorylation HSP27 or p53 expression could be associated with αB-crystallin expression.&#x2028; Methods: Tissue Micro Arrays of 0.6x0.6mm cores of 205 breast cancers were stained with antibodies to αB-crystallin, vimentin, p53 (antibodies DO1, FP3), HSP27 (antibody ERD5) and HSP27 82P. The levels of protein expressions were then compared with clinical and pathological parameters.&#x2028; Results: The expression of αB-crystallin was positively associated with vimentin (P&lt;0.001 Fisher's exact test (FET)). We have confirmed that αB-crystallin expression is linked to a low expression of the estrogen receptor and reduced survival (P&lt;0.001 (FET), P=0.002 Kaplan Meier Log Rank (KM) respectively). Vimentin expression was similarly associated with estrogen receptor (ER) negative cancers and poor survival (P &lt;0.001 (FET), P= 0.002 (KM Log Rank) respectively). Low expression of HSP27 resulted in poor three-year survival (P=0.007 (KM Log Rank)), but longer-term survival was unaffected (P=0.09 (KM Log Rank)). In contrast to αB-crystallin, low expression of HSP27 was associated with ER and progesterone receptor (PGR) negativity (P&lt;0.001 (FET), P=0.001 (FET)). HSP27 82P similarly resulted in poor three-year survival (P=0.01 (KM Log Rank)) compared with longer-term survival (P=0.05 (KM Log Rank)). In samples positive for either αB-crystallin or vimentin, a strong association with increased p53 expression (p53 antibodies: DO1(P&lt;0.001 (FET)) and FP3(P&lt;0.001 (FET))) was found.&#x2028; Conclusions: The increased expression of the protein chaperone, αB-crystallin was linked with reduced survival as well as it's binding partner, vimentin. We found that within this patient subgroup, there was an increased level of p53. The potential functional significance of this interaction for metastasis will be discussed in the context of other predictive markers for breast cancer. A similar association was not found for HSP27 expression.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 5070.
Evaluation of bcl-2 protein expression in the normal mammary epithelium of premenopausal women treated with raloxifene.
Authors: Lopes IM , da Silva BB , dos Santos AR , Lopes-Costa PV 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Abstract #5087
Background: Bcl-2 is one of the most important blockers of cell death and therapeutic strategies to reduce its expression may be useful in breast cancer chemoprevention. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of the bcl-2 protein in the normal breast tissue of premenopausal women. Materials and Methods: Thirty ovulatory premenopausal women of 18 to 40 years of age, who had been diagnosed fibroadenoma of the breast participated of this study. This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study. Patiens were randomized into two groups: Group A (placebo, n=16) and Group B (raloxifene, n=14). The drug was administered in the dose of 60 mg/day for 22 days, beginning on the first day of menstrual cycle. Excision of fibroadenoma was carried out on the 23rd day during which a sample of normal breast tissue was collected for immunohistochemistry. Cells in which cytoplasm was intensely stained in brown by anti-bcl-2 antibody were considered positive for bcl-2. A number of 500 cells on each slide were counted using a light microscope (400x), beginning with the area in which there was the greatest expression of bcl-2. The percentage of stained cells for each case was obtained from the ratio between the number of cells with stained cytoplasm and total of cells multiplied by 100. Student's t test was used to compare the means of percentages of stained cytoplasms in the two groups (p&lt;0.05). Results: There was a significant reduction in the mean percentage of bcl-2-stained cytoplasms in the group that received raloxifene compared to the placebo group, 10.90±2.11 and 19.05±2.36, respectively (p&lt;0.017). Discussion: Our results indicate that raloxifene reduces the anti-apoptotic bcl-2 protein expression in the normal breast tissue of premenopausal women reinforcing the argument for its use in chemoprevention of breast cancer.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 5087.
The future of breast cancer research and practice in Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East/North Africa: a qualitative horizon scanning analysis.
Authors: Bridges JF , Coates A , Piccart MJ , Barrios CH , Trudeau M , Huang C , Kim S , Wu J , Saip P , Buchanan D 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Abstract #5095
Objective: To conduct a horizon-scanning analysis to identify future needs, challenges and trends relating to breast cancer research and practices globally with special emphasis on emerging and understudied regions.&#x2028; Methods: Following the design and pilot of the survey instrument, data was derived from key informant interviews with 221 thought leaders in breast cancer in Asia (n=97), Latin America (n=46), Middle East/North Africa (n=39) and Australia and Canada (n=39). Thought leaders were identified using a combination of purposive and snowballing sampling and included oncologists, surgeons, other breast cancer specialists, advocacy leaders and policy makers. Transcripts and field notes were then coded and compared, and a taxonomy of 20 issues was developed. The propensity of these themes were then analyzed and compared across the four regions.&#x2028; Results: In Asia the most prevalent issues were i) building capacity for clinical research, ii) more nurses for patient care/education, iii) keeping up to date with new information and iv) increased targeted/personalized treatment. In Latin America key themes were the need to i) increase targeted/personalized treatment, ii) address disparities among the underserved, iii) high cost to third party payers, iv) increase capacity for clinical research and v) control out of pocket costs for patients. In the Middle East/North Africa key themes were the need for i) building capacity for clinical research, ii) more nurses for patient care/education, iii) increased public education on screening and iv) increased capacity for early detection. In Australia and Canada issues were i) keeping up to date with new information, ii) weighing the cost effectiveness of new treatments, iii) the need for increased data sharing and iv) improving communication between stakeholders.&#x2028; Discussion: While a number of respondents expressed observations relating to country specific etiology of disease (such as women presenting at younger ages and with more aggressive tumors) the lack of national registries and local clinical/genetic research make it hard to confirm these anecdotes scientifically. Finally, increased focus on the development of effective advocacy and policy leadership are needed in these regions to draw attention and resources towards issues of community empowerment, survivorship and quality of life which were neglected by all but a handful of respondents.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 5095.
Patient perception of choice in decision-making for early-stage breast cancer: do race and socioeconomic status matter?.
Authors: Dhage S , Fei K , Weidman J , Guth AA , Bickell N 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Abstract #5098
Background: It has been well-established that survival following breast conservation surgery(BCS) vs. mastectomy(MT) is equivalent. Therefore women with early-stage breast cancer should given a choice between BCS and MT. It has recently been recognized that women who have a choice of surgery type have better short term health status. Some studies suggest that there is treatment variation according to socioeconomic status and race. But little is known about whether there is a variance in a feeling of choice based on ethnicity/race and socioeconomic status. Do these factors affect women's sense of choice in her surgical treatment?&#x2028; Methods: Women with a newly diagnosed Stage I/II breast cancer were identified from pathology databases of 6 participating NYC hospitals, including 3 municipal, 2 tertiary, and one community hospital. Patients were surveyed an average of 6 months after surgical treatment. Bivariate, logistic and factor analyses were conducted on the 258 participants. IRB approval was obtained at all 6 institutions.&#x2028; Results: Despite high rates(88%) of reported discussion of surgery types, only 55% of women felt they had a choice of surgical treatment. Women who felt they had a choice were more likely to be younger(55 vs. 61; p=0.0009), more knowledgeable about equivalent survival outcomes(24% vs. 12%, p+0.0170), and shared decision making(Cronbach α=0.79) with their physician(92% vs. 88%, p=0.0066). When taking into account the patient's stage of cancer, there was no difference in the feeling of choice based on race/ethnicity, income level, or education level. This feeling of having a choice in the surgical procedure performed was not related to type of surgery: 57% of women with mastectomy felt they had a choice, while 56% of breast conservation surgery patients felt they had a choice.&#x2028; Conclusions: There is a difference between mentioning treatment options during preoperative evaluations and counseling of women with newly diagnosed early-stage breast cancer, and shared decision-making. Shared-decision making is associated with a greater sense of choice, which can affect health status and may influence patients satisfaction with overall treatment. Surgeons should involve women in discussion of treatment options, regardless of education or race, as this can influence patient's sense of choice, which in turn, can affect health status.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 5098.
Lapatax: a phase I study of neoadjuvant lapatinib combined with docetaxel in Her2/neu overexpressing breast cancer (BC). EORTC protocol 10054.
Authors: Bonnefoi H , Zaman K , Nobahar M , Koch KM , Pierga J , Campone M , Brain E , Bartlett J , Marreaud S , Bogaerts J , Cameron D 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Abstract #5112
Background: Lapatinib (L) has been shown to be an effective anti-HER2 therapy in advanced breast cancer, and is under study as an adjuvant therapy in the ALTTO and TEACH studies. Whilst there are ongoing neoadjuvant studies with the combination of Lapatinib and paclitaxel, there are none with docetaxel (D), considered by many to be the most active taxane in breast cancer, mainly due to the limited data available on the safety and efficacy of this combination. Hence there is a need for this dose-finding study which is being conducted as a prelude to a randomized phase II trial.&#x2028; Objective: The objectives are to establish the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), to characterize Dose limiting toxicity (DLT) and to define the recommended dose for phase II.&#x2028; Patients and Methods: Female patients (pts) with locally advanced, inflammatory or large operable BC are treated with escalating doses of L from 1000 to 1250 mg/d, administered orally once daily continuously in combination with D given every 21 days at dose ranges of 75 to 100 mg/m² for 4 cycles. At least three pts are treated at each dose level (DL). DLT is defined during cycle 1: any grade 3-4 non hematological toxicity, ANC&lt;0.5 G/L lasting for 7days or more, Febrile neutopenia or thrombocytopenia &lt;25 G/L. Growth factors are given only in case of clinical symptoms. Core biopsies are mandatory at baseline and after cycle 4. Pharmacokinetic samples are collected on day 1 of cycles 1 and 2.&#x2028; Results: As of June 10, 10 pts with a median age of 56 years (range 17-64) were enrolled and 3 DLs (DL 3: L 1000 mg/day, D: 85 mg/m²) have been fully investigated. No pt had a DLT during cycle 1. The toxicity profile for 30 documented cycles is summarized in this table.&#x2028; &#x2028; The 4th cycles LVEF has been documented in 4 patients, one of whom had a drop by 16% to a value of 55%.&#x2028; Conclusions: The toxicity of docetaxel-lapatinib during the first 3 dose levels is excellent. Final toxicity data and PK results of this phase 1 will be presented at the meeting.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 5112.
Bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy significantly improves pathologic complete response in patients with operable or locally advanced breast cancer.
Authors: Makhoul I , Vicki KS , Korourian S , Henry-Tillman RS , Siegel ER , Westbrook KC , Hutchins LF 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Abstract #5114
Bevacizumab (B) improved progression free survival in metastatic breast cancer (BC) when added to chemotherapy (CT) and was relatively safe in the adjuvant setting. This study evaluated pathologic complete response (pCR) and safety of B with CT in the neoadjuvant setting.&#x2028; Methods: This is a single arm, single institution phase II trial. Patients (Pts) eligible for the study were women with proven BC (T1-4 and/or positive axillary LN -excluding inflammatory BC). Pts received CT with docetaxel (T, 75 mg/m2), cyclophosphamide (C, 500 mg/m2) and B (15 mg/kg), TCB every 3 wks x 4 cycles followed by doxorubicin (A, 60 mg/m2) every 3 wks for 4 cycles. After CT, Pts were evaluated clinically (clinical complete or partial response cCR or cPR), by mammogram and for their heart function by MUGA. Breast conserving surgery was considered if the response was deemed satisfactory, otherwise mastectomy was performed and pCR was evaluated. 28 to 84 days after surgery and after documented healing of the operative incision, B was restarted at 15 mg/kg x 9 cycles. XRT, herceptin and endocrine therapy were given as indicated concurrently with B.&#x2028; Results: As planned, 40 Pts were enrolled. Average age 46 (range 27-73). One patient withdrew consent after 2 cycles of TCB. Average tumor size was 5.26 cm (range 1.8 - 15 cm). Lobular 7/ductal 32. Grade I/II/III: 3/12/24. ER +/PR +: 11; ER+/PR-8; ER-/ PR +: 3, ER-/PR-:17. HER2 +: 8. Triple negative: 14. Lymph nodes were + in 25 patients. 32 Pts completed all pre-op CT cycles. One Pt died after 2 cycles of TCB of bilateral PE, 4 Pts received a truncated doxorubicin course due to side effects, 2 Pt received TCB x 2 followed by A x 4. The most common grade 3/4 AEs (#): diarrhea (4), febrile neutropenia (4), musculoskeletal pain (10), fatigue (8), mucositis (3), nausea (2), hypertension (5), syncope (2) infection (3). No clinically significant change in LVEF was noticed (Pre-CT EF 63.3% (55-76%); post-CT EF 61.2% (49-72%)). 4 Pts had a decrease of EF &gt; 10. 21 cCR and 16 cPR were seen.1 Pt had progression and 1 Pt had no change. 38 Pts underwent surgery. 10 had lumpectomy (average pre-CT size 4.8 cm) and 28 had mastectomy (average pre-CT size 6.1 cm). One Pt had infusaport infection and another had breast implant infection, both required device removal and had delayed wound healing. 16 pCR/39 in the breast and 13 pCR/39 in the breast and axilla were seen (pCR breast 41%, pCR breast and axilla 33%). Several Pts had near pCR. Post-operative B safety data will be presented.&#x2028; Conclusions: When added to CT, B improved pCR in a poor prognostic BC Pts and was associated with manageable toxicity.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 5114.
Multicenter phase II study of neoadjuvant capecitabine (X), docetaxel (T) ± trastuzumab (H) for patients (pts) with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC): final analysis.
Authors: Wildiers H , Neven P , Christiaens M , Fesneaux G , Amant F , Weltens C , Smeets A , van Limbergen E , Debrock G , Renard V , Paridaens R 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Abstract #5115
Background: Addition of X to T significantly improves RR, TTP and OS vs T alone in metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Addition of X to first-line TH in HER2-positive MBC significantly improves PFS and TTP. X and T are synergistic with H in HER2-positive tumors. We present final efficacy data of TX ±H in LABC.&#x2028; Materials and methods: Pts with newly diagnosed invasive stage III inoperable BC (cT4 and/or cN2–3) received X (900 mg/m2 orally bid d1–14) + T (36 mg/m2 i.v. d1&8) q3w x6, followed by surgery and radiotherapy. Pts with HER2-positive tumors (IHC 3+ or FISH+) also received H (8 mg/kg d1 of the first cycle and 6 mg/kg d1 of subsequent cycles). Safety was evaluated after each cycle, clinical response after 3 and 6 cycles, and pathological complete response (pCR) postoperatively (pCR = no residual invasive tumor in breast and axilla).&#x2028; Results: Between Dec 2003 and Dec 2007, 43 pts with HER2-positive LABC were treated with TXH and 52 with HER2-negative LABC received TX. pCR rate was 21/43 (49%) with TXH and 10/52 (19%) with TX. In the TXH cohort, pts without pCR included 1 pt with disease progression and 2 pts who refused mastectomy after chemotherapy. At the meeting, full data on the whole group, including baseline characteristics and toxicity, will be presented.&#x2028; Conclusions: TX±H, a neoadjuvant regimen without anthracyclines, is an effective regimen in the neoadjuvant setting. pCR rate is lower in the TX arm (19%) than in the TXH arm (49%). This shows the important contribution of H in achieving pCR, although the different biology of HER2-positive tumors might also account for differences in efficacy. TX is an attractive regimen to combine with H since it is a highly effective regimen and less cardiotoxic in contrast with anthracycline based regimens.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 5115.
Triple negative breast cancer confers higher recurrence rates after breast conserving therapy.
Authors: Zaky SS , Lund M , May KA , Godette K , Holmes L , O'Regan R , Butler EN , Hair BY , Phillips R , Styblo T , Landry J 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Abstract #5127
Purpose&#x2028; There has been a recent surge of information regarding the treatment outcomes for women with estrogen receptor (ER) negative, progesterone receptor (PR) negative, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative breast cancer; known as the triple negative (TN) subtype. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of these receptor expressions on local, regional and distant recurrences, and overall survival (OS) in patients undergoing breast conserving therapy (BCT).&#x2028; Patients and Methods&#x2028; The study population included 475 primary invasive female breast cancer patients (excluding Stage IV); who were residents of Fulton-Dekalb counties in Atlanta when diagnosed in 2003-2004 and treated within the Emory University affiliated hospitals. Data was obtained from the SEER cancer registry and augmented with medical record abstraction. Median follow-up was 3.4 years. The endpoints of the study were local, regional and distant recurrences, and OS. Tumors were subgrouped as: ER-/PR-/HER2- (TN), ER+/PR+/HER2-, ER+/PR+/HER2+, ER+/PR+/HER2-. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were employed.&#x2028; Results&#x2028; For the entire population, median age was 58 years. TN tumors accounted for 17% of the cases. Of the TN patients, 78% were African-American (p&lt;0.01) and 40% had BCT. The majority of TN tumors were high grade (71%), p&lt; 0.01. Total recurrence was 33% among the TN patients vs. 14% in the combined non-TN patient group, p&lt; 0.01. Death occurred among 29% of TN vs. 14% of non-TN, p&lt; 0.01.&#x2028; For the patients that were treated with BCT, 94% of TN patients completed their adjuvant radiation therapy and 73% received chemotherapy. Of those receiving BCT, recurrence was 28% for TN patients and 6% for non-TN patients (p&lt;0.01). Local recurrence was 9% and 4% for TN and non-TN patients, respectively and distant metastatic rate was 16% versus 2% respectively (p&lt; 0.01). There were no regional recurrences in the BCT group. Time to recurrence, OS, time to death, and breast cancer specific death did not differ between the two groups.&#x2028; Conclusion&#x2028; A significant increase in local recurrence and distant metastatic rates were observed after BCT among patients diagnosed with TN breast cancers; however there was not a significant short-term survival difference between the TN and non-TN receptor groups. The complexity of this patient population within the conventional treatment algorithm warrants further investigation to reduce local and distant recurrences.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 5127.