bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of cognitive symptoms in post COVID-19 patients
Authors: Ruzicka Michael , Sachenbacher Simone , Heimkes Fides , Uebleis Aline Olivia , Karch Susanne , Grosse-Wentrup Fabienne , Ibarra Fonseca Gerardo Jesus , Wunderlich Nora , Bogner Johannes , Mayerle Julia , von Bergwelt-Baildon Michael , Falkai Peter , Subklewe Marion , Ruzicka Thomas , Benesch Christopher , Valdinoci Elisabeth , Pernpruner Anna , Thomas Anabel , Heindl Bernhard , Stubbe Hans Christian , Adorjan Kristina 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Cognitive symptoms (CS) belong to the most common manifestations of the Post COVID-19 (PC) condition. We sought to objectify CS in PC patients using routine diagnostic assessments: neurocognitive testing (NCT) and brain imaging (BI). Further, we investigated possible associations of CS with patient reported outcomes (PROs), and risk factors for developing CS. Clinical data and PROs of 315 PC patients were assessed at a mean of 6 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. 231 (73.3%) patients reported any sort of CS. Among them, 78 underwent NCT and 55 received BI. In NCT, the cognitive domains most affected were the working memory, attention, and concentration. Nonetheless, pathological thresholds were exceeded only in few cases. Neurocognitive performance did not differ significantly between patients complaining of severe (n = 26) versus non-severe (n = 52) CS. BI findings were abnormal in 8 (14.5%) cases with CS but were most likely not related to PC. Patients reporting high severity of CS scored worse in the PHQ-9, FSS, WHOQOL-BREF, were more likely to report impaired sleep, and had a higher prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses. Overall, NCT could confirm mild impairment in some but not all PC patients with CS, while BI studies were abnormal in only few cases. CS severity did not affect NCT results, but severe CS were associated with symptoms of depression (PHQ-9), fatigue (FSS), reduced quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) and higher prevalence of psychiatric illnesses. These findings support the importance of NCT, BI, and neuro-psychological assessment in the work-up of PC patients reporting CS.

Trial registration
Trial registration number and date of registration: DRKS00030974, 22 Dec 2022, retrospectively registered.
Boldness predicts foraging behaviour, habitat use and chick growth in a central place marine predator
Authors: Pereira Jorge M. , Ramos Jaime A. , Ceia Filipe R. , Krüger Lucas , Marques Ana M. , Paiva Vitor H. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAnimal personality can shape individual’s fitness. Yet, the mechanistic relationship by which individual’s personality traits lead to variations in fitness remains largely underexplored. Here, we used novel object tests to measure boldness of chick-provisioning Cory’s shearwaters (Calonectris borealis) from a coastal colony off west Portugal, and deployed GPS loggers to study their at-sea behaviour and distribution. We then tested whether boldness predicts individual differences in adult’s trophic ecology and variations in chick growth, to assess potential implications of personality-specific foraging behaviours. Foraging effort was higher for shyer than for bolder individuals, which, during short forays, exhibited larger foraging ranges, and foraged in regions of higher and more variable bathymetry. This suggests that nearby the colony bolder individuals expanded their foraging area to maximize resource acquisition and increase the probability of foraging success. When endeavouring to longer distances, bolder individuals exhibited comparably shorter foraging ranges and targeted low bathymetry regions, likely with enhanced prey availability, while shyer individuals exhibited much larger foraging ranges indicating greater flexibility when foraging in oceanic realms. Despite such differences between bolder and shyer individuals their isotopic niches were similar. Yet, chicks raised by bolder parents grew at a faster rate than those raised by shyer parents. Together, our results suggest that differences in resource acquisition strategies could play a key role through which individual’s boldness may influence breeding performance, even when individuals have similar isotopic preferences.
Is checkworthiness generalizable? Evaluating task and domain generalization of datasets for claim detection
Authors: Nenno Sami 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe spread of misinformation has reached a level at which neither research nor fact-checkers can monitor it only manually anymore. Accordingly, there has been much research on models and datasets for detecting checkworthy claims. However, the research in NLP is mostly detached from findings in communication science on misinformation and fact-checking. Checkworthiness is a notoriously vague concept whose meaning is contested among different stakeholders. Against the background of news value theory, i.e., the study of factors that make an event relevant for journalistic reporting, this is not surprising. It is argued that this vagueness leads to inconsistencies and poor generalization across different datasets and domains. For the experiments, models are trained on one dataset, tested on the remaining, and evaluated against the results on the original performance, against a random baseline, and against the scores when the models are not trained at all. The study finds that there is a drastic reduction in comparison with the performance on the original dataset. Moreover, often the models are outperformed by the random baseline and training on one dataset has no or even a negative impact on the performance on the other datasets. This paper proposes that future research should abandon this task design and instead take inspiration from research in communication science. In the style of news values, Claim Detection should focus on factors that are relevant for fact-checkers and misinformation.
Ergodic mean field games: existence of local minimizers up to the Sobolev critical case
Authors: Cirant Marco , Cosenza Alessandro , Verzini Gianmaria 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe investigate the existence of solutions to viscous ergodic Mean Field Games systems in bounded domains with Neumann boundary conditions and local, possibly aggregative couplings. In particular we exploit the associated variational structure and search for constrained minimizers of a suitable functional. Depending on the growth of the coupling, we detect the existence of global minimizers in the mass subcritical and critical case, and of local minimizers in the mass supercritical case, notably up to the Sobolev critical case.
Sollen wir wieder wissen, wo’s langgeht? Gedankengänge zur Vermittlung des systemischen Psychotherapieverständnisses in der Ausbildung
Authors: Klar Sabine , Arn-Stieger Danielle 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungDie gesellschaftliche Umgebung ist im Gesundheits- und Sozialbereich zunehmend von neoliberalistischer Kosten-Nutzen-Optimierung und Standardisierung geprägt. Klient:innen und deren Störungen sollen mit diversen psychotherapeutischen Techniken behandelt werden, um damit möglichst effizient gesellschaftlich erwünschte therapeutische Ziele zu erreichen. Systemische Ausbildungseinrichtungen geraten dadurch in ein Spannungsverhältnis – sie vertreten ihrer Tradition gemäß ein anderes Therapieverständnis und wollen gleichzeitig Studierende darauf vorbereiten, auch aktuellen Erwartungen zu entsprechen. Aus der Sicht der Autorinnen (die eine seit vielen Jahrzehnten Lehrtherapeutin, die andere erst seit kurzem in dieser Funktion tätig) wird eine (selbst)kritische Reflexion möglicher zukünftiger Entwicklungen als notwendig erachtet.
Hydrogeological characterization of low permeability medium for conceptualization of a mine site in Eastern Turkey
Authors: Tayyar Dogukan , Ekmekci Mehmet , Yazicigil Hasan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe mining site in Eastern Anatolia of Turkey were encounter a significant risk of slope instability within the operational area. One of the processes that govern slope stability is the pore water pressure distribution. The conceptualization and characterization of porous media serve as fundamental prerequisites for the implementation of numerical methods aimed at predicting pore water distribution. This study aims to characterize the hydrogeological properties of water bearing rocks in the active mining site in Eastern Anatolia of Turkey. A total of 21 wells and drill holes were drilled in the study area to conduct in-situ tests, monitoring, and sampling. The large diameter wells drilled in surrounding the carbonate rocks were to determine the groundwater flow and boundary conditions and also wells tapped metasediments and diorite unit for hydraulic testing. The lugeon tests and installation of vibrating wire piezometers were carried out at small diameter drill holes to obtain localized hydraulic conductivity of metasediments and diorite at different depths and monitoring pore water pressure distribution along some critical cross-sections. The results obtained from these tests are used for developing hydrogeological conceptual model for groundwater flow. The results of in-situ tests show that the metasediment and diorite units act as a single hydrostratigraphic unit. The metasediments and diorite have high total porosity and low specific yield indicating that the pore water is retained by electrostatic forces in the medium and it resists flow due to low hydraulic conductivity. The vertical variation in hydraulic conductivity values indicates that the medium is highly heterogeneous.
Cost-effective topology optimization of masonry structure reinforcements by a linear static analysis-based GA framework
Authors: Sberna Antonio Pio , Demartino Cristoforo , Vanzi Ivo , Marano Giuseppe Carlo , Di Trapani Fabio 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe paper presents a novel optimization framework aimed at the minimization of seismic retrofitting-related costs for existing unreinforced masonry building structures. The framework provides topology optimization of reinforcements (reinforced plasters) to implement in masonry walls for the accomplishment of seismic safety checks under the reference seismic load combinations. Optimization is carried out by a genetic algorithm (GA) developed in MATLAB®, which controls a 3D finite element equivalent frame model of the masonry structure developed in OpenSees. The GA routine iterates the reinforcement configurations employing specific genetic operators. The feasibility of each candidate retrofitting solution is assessed by performing in-plane shear and flexural safety checks of masonry walls. The framework is finally tested with a case study masonry structure supposed to be made of average-quality or poor-quality masonry. Results will show that the proposed framework can effectively provide the minimization of seismic retrofitting costs for existing masonry structures, giving as output the optimal configuration of the reinforcements within the structural layout.
News coverage of climate change and generation Z
Authors: Novak Alison N. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study examines 2021 and 2022 news coverage of Generation Z and climate change to understand how this discursive relationship is constructed. This is important to understanding how Generation Z’s climate change activism is perceived by other groups such as other generations, activist groups, and journalists. This study answers the central question: In what ways do news articles construct and represent the relationship between Generation Z, climate change, activism, and intergenerational relationships? The study identifies five common discourses from the most popular news articles on the subject that reflect nuances in reporting and discursive construction of the group and issue: (1) climate change as inherited and chosen by Generation Z, (2) passive and active motivations for activism, (3) activism negatively impacting relationships with older groups, (4) future responsibilities, and (5) overuse of figureheads. The nuances of these news discourses impact opinions of Generation Z and the impact the group have on climate change activism with the potential to impact activist group outreach strategies, policy development, and relationships with the news media.
When royalties impede technology transfer
Authors: Doran Patrick , Thomson Russell , Webster Elizabeth 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We use data on over 800 early-stage technology transaction negotiations to model the impact of different types of risk on whether the transaction was executed and then test for contractual factors that may ameliorate these risks. Our data highlight the importance of project risk in determining which negotiations result in a signed contract. We find that transactions aiming to sell early-stage technology to large corporates are less likely to be executed when the buyer is large, and the contract contains royalties, holding constant five different types of risk involved in the transaction. Other risk-reducing contract modes do not appear to increase the probability of an executed contract. Our results support the view that technology sellers’ reliance on royalties may reflect organisational preferences or capabilities which may not be economically or managerially optimal. We also find that ‘people risk’ matters more than ‘technological’, ‘market’, ‘appropriation’ and ‘freedom-to-operate’ risks.
On the entropy inequality and its exploitation in continuum physics
Authors: Morro Angelo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe paper deals with the statement and the application of the entropy principle, through the Clausius–Duhem inequality, in continuum physics. The conceptual role is taken from the Coleman–Noll paper of 1963 thus leading to the physical admissibility of constitutive equations. The statement is generalized by letting the rate of entropy production be a constitutive property per se. This generalization proves essential in connection with the modelling of hysteretic phenomena. As to the application, the view of the Coleman–Noll procedure is maintained but a representation formula is shown to generalize the consequences of the entropy principle; as an example the modelling of heat conduction is investigated. Furthermore, while applying the entropy principle to magnetic materials, it is shown an interesting connection between the balance of angular momentum and the thermodynamic restrictions. Also, the modelling through rate-type equations shows the need of Lagrangian fields to obey objectivity and that of the entropy production as a constitutive function to account for the difference between loading and unloading processes.
Triple band diamond-shaped polarization insensitive plasmonic nano emitter for thermal camouflage and radiative cooling
Authors: Şanlı Atıf Kerem , Tabaru Timuçin Emre , Kılıç Veli Tayfun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study proposes the design of a novel Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) nano-infrared emitter that uses a unique diamond-shaped grating to achieve selective infrared absorption. Diamond-shaped nano emitter (DNE) structure exhibits four narrow resonant peaks within key absorption windows such as short-wave infrared (SWIR) mid-wave infrared (MWIR), alongside with a wide absorption band in the Non-Transmissive Infrared Range (NTIR) for thermal camouflage applications compatible with radiative cooling. Moreover, the proposed DNE is polarization insensitive as it has an in-plane symmetric design. Using the 3D Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) simulations, we demonstrate the nanoantenna’s superior performance characterized by its high absorption rates and tuned effective impedance matching. As of our knowledge, the findings suggest that this is the first time that a MIM structure achieved multiple narrow resonance peaks, located in SWIR and MWIR simultaneously, with a wide absorption range in NTIR. Represented DNE stands as a significant innovation in the field of stealth technology, providing a tunable, high-efficiency solution for managing and controlling thermal emissions across diverse applications.
Stress-mediated polysorbate 20 degradation and its potential impact on therapeutic proteins
Authors: Aryal Baikuntha , Lehtimaki Mari , Rao V. Ashutosh 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Polysorbates are the most commonly used surfactants in formulations to stabilize therapeutic proteins against interfacial stresses. Polysorbates can undergo oxidative or enzyme-mediated hydrolytic degradation to produce free fatty acids (FFAs) and subvisible particles in formulations. To determine which product related variables contribute to PS20 degradation, we investigated the effects of storage temperature, formulation, pH, presence of hydrolytic enzymes, and specific fatty acid composition on different grades of PS20 in relation to their PS20 degradation profile and consequently the quality of protein drug products.

Methods
Bevacizumab and T-DM1 were reformulated in the freshly prepared therapeutic protein formulations containing either compendial PS20 or non-compendial PS20 with high % lauric acid and spiked with exogenous esterase or lipase. The release of FFAs and formation of particles were monitored at 4°C and 37°C. Protein quality was assessed for secondary structures, purity, and biological activity.

Results
Hydrolytic release of FFAs and formation of subvisible particles were found to be dependent on grades of PS20, types of enzymes used, incubation temperature, and pH. Esterase- or lipase-mediated degradation of PS20 and formation of subvisible particles in drug formulation showed no significant impact on the biological activity and stability of therapeutic proteins against degradation or aggregation.

Conclusions
Our study suggests that degradation of PS20 and formation of FFA particles depend on the fatty acid composition of PS20, types of hydrolytic enzymes, pH, and temperature. The presence of FFA subvisible particles showed no significant impact on the purity and biological activity of the therapeutic proteins under the tested conditions.
Quality of life in a high-risk group of elderly primary care patients: characteristics and potential for improvement
Authors: Döhring Juliane , Williamson Martin , Brettschneider Christian , Fankhänel Thomas , Luppa Melanie , Pabst Alexander , Weißenborn Marina , Zöllinger Isabel , Czock David , Frese Thomas , Gensichen Jochen , Hoffmann Wolfgang , König Hans-Helmut , Thyrian Jochen René , Wiese Birgitt , Riedel-Heller Steffi , Kaduszkiewicz Hanna 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Quality of Life (QoL) is associated with a bandwidth of lifestyle factors that can be subdivided into fixed and potentially modifiable ones. We know too little about the role of potentially modifiable factors in comparison to fixed ones. This study examines four aspects of QoL and its associations with 15 factors in a sample of elderly primary care patients with a high risk of dementia. The main objectives are (a) to determine the role of the factors in this particular group and (b) to assess the proportion of fixed and potentially modifiable factors.

Method
A high-risk group of 1030 primary care patients aged between 60 and 77 years (52.1% females) were enrolled in “AgeWell.de,” a cluster-randomized, controlled trial. This paper refers to the baseline data. The multi-component intervention targets to decrease the risk of dementia by optimization of associated lifestyle factors. 8 fixed and 7 modifiable factors potentially influencing QoL served as predictors in multiple linear regressions.

Results
The highest proportion of explained variance was found in psychological health and age-specific QoL. In comparison to health-related QoL and physical health, the modifiable predictors played a major role (corr. R2: 0.35/0.33 vs. 0.18), suggesting that they hold a greater potential for improving QoL.

Conclusion
Social engagement, body weight, instrumental activities of daily living, and self-efficacy beliefs appeared as lifestyle factors eligible to be addressed in an intervention program for improving QoL.

Trial registration
German Clinical Trials Register, reference number: DRKS00013555. Date of registration: 07.12.2017.
The sensitivity of legal proof
Authors: Melchior Guido 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe proof paradox results from conflicting intuitions concerning different types of fallible evidence in a court of law. We accept fallible individual evidence but reject fallible statistical evidence even when the conditional probability that the defendant is guilty given the evidence is the same, a seeming inconsistency. This paper defends a solution to the proof paradox, building on a sensitivity account of checking and settling a question. The proposed sensitivity account of legal proof not only requires sensitivity simpliciter but sensitivity of each relevant step of the proof procedure and/or sensitivity concerning all relevant alternatives. This account avoids problems that have been identified for other sensitivity views of legal proof. Moreover, it is argued that sensitivity, rather than safety, is the crucial modal condition for legal proof. It is, finally, shown that the provided account can fruitfully support very different existing views on the relationship between knowledge and legal proof.
PaCO2 Association with Outcomes of Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury at High Altitude: A Prospective Single-Center Cohort Study
Authors: Cáceres Eder , Divani Afshin A. , Rubinos Clio A. , Olivella-Gómez Juan , Viñan Garcés André Emilio , González Angélica , Alvarado Arias Alexis , Bhatia Kunal , Samadani Uzma , Reyes Luis F. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) is generally known to influence outcome in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) at normal altitudes. Less is known about specific relationships of PaCO2 levels and clinical outcomes at high altitudes.

Methods
This is a prospective single-center cohort of consecutive patients with TBI admitted to a trauma center located at 2600 m above sea level. An unfavorable outcome was defined as a Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE) score < 4 at the 6-month follow-up.

Results
We had a total of 81 patients with complete data, 80% (65/81) were men, and the median (interquartile range) age was 36 (25–50) years. Median Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score on admission was 9 (6–14); 49% (40/81) of patients had severe TBI (GCS 3–8), 32% (26/81) had moderate TBI (GCS 12–9), and 18% (15/81) had mild TBI (GCS 13–15). The median (interquartile range) Abbreviated Injury Score of the head (AISh) was 3 (2–4). The frequency of an unfavorable outcome (GOSE < 4) was 30% (25/81), the median GOSE was 4 (2–5), and the median 6-month mortality rate was 24% (20/81). Comparison between patients with favorable and unfavorable outcomes revealed that those with unfavorable outcome were older, (median age 49 [30–72] vs. 29 [22–41] years, P < 0.01), had lower admission GCS scores (6 [4–8] vs. 13 [8–15], P < 0.01), had higher AISh scores (4 [4–4] vs. 3 [2–4], P < 0.01), had higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health disease Classification System II scores (17 [15–23] vs. 10 [6–14], P < 0.01), had higher Charlson scores (0 [0–2] vs. 0 [0–0], P < 0.01), and had higher PaCO2 levels (mean 35 ± 8 vs. 32 ± 6 mm Hg, P < 0.01). In a multivariate analysis, age (odds ratio [OR] 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1–1.30, P < 0.01), AISh (OR 4.7, 95% CI 1.55–21.0, P < 0.05), and PaCO2 levels (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.10–1.53, P < 0.05) were significantly associated with the unfavorable outcomes. When applying the same analysis to the subgroup on mechanical ventilation, AISh (OR 5.4, 95% CI 1.61–28.5, P = 0.017) and PaCO2 levels (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.13–1.78, P = 0.015) remained significantly associated with the unfavorable outcome.

Conclusions
Higher PaCO2 levels are associated with an unfavorable outcome in ventilated patients with TBI. These results underscore the importance of PaCO2 levels in patients with TBI and whether it should be adjusted for populations living at higher altitudes.