bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phosphatase of regenerating liver‐3 promotes migration and invasion by upregulating matrix metalloproteinases‐7 in human colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Lee Su‐Kyung , Han Young‐Min , Yun Jieun , Lee Chang Woo , Shin Dae‐Seop , Ha Young‐Ran , Kim Jina , Koh Jong Sung , Hong Su‐Hyung , Han Dong Cho , Kwon Byoung‐Mog 
Published: December 2011

AbstractPhosphatase of regenerating liver (PRL)‐3, a member of a subgroup of protein tyrosine phosphatases that can stimulate the degradation of the extracellular matrix, is over‐expressed in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) relative to primary tumors. To determine whether PRL‐3‐induced enhancement of migration and invasion is dependent on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), PRL‐3 was expressed in DLD‐1 human CRC cells. The motility, migration and invasion characteristics of the cells were examined, and metastasis to the lung was confirmed in a nude mouse using PRL‐3‐overexpressing DLD‐1 cells [DLD‐1 (PRL‐3)]. Migration and invasion of the cells were inhibited by phosphatase and farnesyltransferase inhibitors. Expression of MMPs was enhanced 3‐ to 10‐fold in comparison to control cells, and migration and invasion were partially inhibited by small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown of MMP‐2, ‐13 or ‐14. Importantly, siRNA knockdown of MMP‐7 completely inhibited the migration and invasion of DLD‐1 (PRL‐3) cells, whereas overexpression of MMP‐7 increased migration. The expression of MMP‐7 was also downregulated by phosphatase and farnesyltransferase inhibitors. It was found that PRL‐3 induced MMP‐7 through oncogenic pathways including PI3K/AKT and ERK and that there is a relationship between the expression of PRL‐3 and MMP‐7 in human tumor cell lines. The expression of MMP‐13 and ‐14 was very sensitive to the inhibition of farnesyltransferase; however, the migration and invasion of DLD‐1 (PRL‐3) cells did not strongly depend on the expression of MMP‐13 or ‐14. These results suggest that the migration and invasion of PRL‐3‐expressing CRC cells depends primarily on the expression of MMP‐7.
On the use of big‐bang method to generate low‐energy structures of atomic clusters modeled with pair potentials of different ranges
Authors: Marques J. M. C. , Pais A. A. C. C. , Abreu P. E. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe efficiency of the so‐called big‐bang method for the optimization of atomic clusters is analysed in detail for Morse pair potentials with different ranges; here, we have used Morse potentials with four different ranges, from long‐ ρ = 3) to short‐ranged ρ = 14) interactions. Specifically, we study the efficacy of the method in discovering low‐energy structures, including the putative global minimum, as a function of the potential range and the cluster size. A new global minimum structure for long‐ranged ρ = 3) Morse potential at the cluster size of n= 240 is reported. The present results are useful to assess the maximum cluster size for each type of interaction where the global minimum can be discovered with a limited number of big‐bang trials. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2012
Morphology and morphometry of the reproductive system of female Saguinus midas (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Da Silva Monteiro Nathaly Cristine , De Lima Ana Rita , De Carvalho Ana Flávia , De Carvalho Garcia Rafael , Therrier Joanne , Souza Ana Carla Barros , Pereira Luiza Correia , Branco Erika 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIn this article, the reproductive system's morphology of three young animals of the species Saguinus midas, from the bauxite mine in Paragominas, is described. The specimens were fixed and preserved in a solution of 10% aqueous formaldehyde, followed by dissection, measurement of the genital organs (uterus, vagina, ovaries, and uterine tubes), and histological processing. The vulva is delimited by the labia, with a clitoris. It is lined by keratinized stratified squamous epithelium with sebaceous glands of holocrine secretion. The vagina is an elongated tube with an average length of 26 mm and diameter of 1 mm, presenting a non‐keratinized squamous epithelium, disposed between the vestibule of the vagina and cervix, the latter being relatively short. The uterus is simple, has globular shape and is located in the caudal portion of the abdominal cavity, with an average length of 14 mm and average width of 7 mm. It is formed by vascular and serous layers of muscles, and undergoes a bifurcation to form two structures on the bottom of blind sac. The uterine tubes are long and convoluted with an average length of 35 mm (right) and 36 mm (left), consisting of loose connective tissue and muscle layer lined by simple ciliated columnar epithelium. The ovaries are large and ellipsoid with smooth surface. Histologically, one animal showed ovulation fosse. Microsc. Res. Tech. 75:720–726, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Equivalence or complementarity of soil‐solution extraction methods
Authors: Schlotter Dominik , Schack‐Kirchner Helmer , Hildebrand Ernst E. , von Wilpert Klaus 
Published: December 2011

AbstractSeveral methods are used for the extraction of soil solution. The objective of this study was to find out to what extent the different extraction methods yield complementary or equivalent information. Soil solutions were sampled once at 10 different forest sites in Germany, with 4 sampling points per site, using 5 different extraction methods. Concentrations of the major ions in the 1:2 extracts and the equilibrium soil‐pore solutions (obtained from percolation of field‐fresh soil cores) were generally lower than in desorption solutions, suction‐cup solutions, and saturation extracts. Surprisingly, the latter three methods generally yielded equivalent results. However, possible systematic differences between these methods could have been masked by the high small‐scale spatial variability within the sites.
Estimating underreported N2 disease in rectal cancer patients with low lymph node counts
Authors: Huebner Marianne , Therneau Terry , Larson David 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe variability in the number of lymph nodes examined needs to be taken into account for adequate staging. The definition of nodal staging was refined by quantifying the likelihood of N2 disease when the patient had fewer than four positive LN.MethodsIn a retrospective study a total of 548 patients with node positive rectal cancer and curative surgery between 1990 and 2006 were identified. The misclassification of pN staging was estimated with a Bayesian computation. The prognostic value of the calculated probability, lymph node ratio (LNR), and nodal stage was assessed with Cox proportional hazard regression.ResultsA probability of understaging of 40% or more indicated worse prognosis of cancer‐specific survival (CSS) with hazard ratio 2.6 (95%CI: 1.8–3.9, P < 0.001). The concordance index of a multivariate model with probability of N2 disease as a prognostic factor for survival was 0.68 for all patients and 0.75 for patients with less than 10 lymph nodes examined.ConclusionUtilizing estimated probabilities of N2 disease improves our ability to predict survival, in particular in patients with low LN count. These probabilities allow for a simple rule in patient counseling and clinical decision making. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:248–253. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Back to school: Review of school based interventions: Comment on Rolfsness and Idsoe (2011)
Authors: Cohen Judith A. , Jaycox Lisa H. , Amaya‐Jackson Lisa , Stein Bradley D. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractWe comment on a recently published article in the Journal of Traumatic Stress that reviewed school‐based interventions related to trauma. We point out the recent book published by Guilford Press on the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies Practice Guildelines (2009), which also provides a thorough review of this literature, and discuss reasons why this review may have been missed.
Non‐destructive lateral mapping of the thickness of the photoactive layer in polymer‐based solar cells
Authors: Sylvester‐Hvid Kristian O. , Tromholt Thomas , Jørgensen Mikkel , Krebs Frederik C. , Niggemann Michael , Zimmermann Klaus , Liehr Andreas W. 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTNon‐destructive lateral mapping of the thickness of the photoactive layer in poly(3‐hexyl‐thiophene) : 1‐(3‐methoxy‐carbonyl)propyl‐1‐phenyl‐(6,6)C61 (P3HT : PCBM) solar cells is demonstrated. The method employs a spatially resolved (XY) recording of ultraviolet‐visible spectra in reflection geometry at normal incidence, using a dense raster defined by a circular probe spot of 800‐µm diameter. The evaluation of the thickness of the photoactive layer at each raster point employs an algorithm‐driven comparison of the measured absorption spectrum with spectral features, as compiled from the corresponding simulated spectrum. For the robustness of the applied algorithm toward noise in the recorded absorption data to be increased, a new minimum finder algorithm is described and implemented. The thickness evaluation relies on the correct assignment of extrema in the experimental absorption spectra to the corresponding extrema in the simulated absorption spectra, and a new algorithm for this is also implemented and described. For a level of confidence for the method to be established, first thickness mapping is performed for a set of reference samples consisting of P3HT : PCBM spin‐coated on indium tin oxide‐coated float glass substrates. After this, two application examples for solar cells processed either by spin coating or slot die coating of the P3HT : PCBM layer follow. The spin‐coated solar cells have glass as the substrate with the P3HT : PCBM spun at different spinning speeds. The slot die‐coated solar cells were processed on polyethylene terephthalate foil in a roll‐to‐roll experiment involving a continuously changing P3HT : PCBM concentration along the printing direction. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of pantothenic acid supplement on secretion of steroids by the adrenal cortex in female rats
Authors: Pan Lingmei , Jaroenporn Sukanya , Yamamoto Tatsuya , Nagaoka Kentaro , Azumano Isao , Onda Masaaki , Watanabe Gen , Taya Kazuyoshi 
Published: December 2011

AbstractPurposeThe effect of pantothenic acid (PaA) supplementation on adrenal secretion of corticosterone and progesterone in female rats was investigated.MethodsAn in‐vitro primary adrenal cell culture system was used. Pregnant rats were given 0.03% PaA in their drinking water throughout pregnancy and the period of lactation. In the first experiment, after weaning, female rats continued to receive 0.03% PaA treatment until 10 weeks of age. The animals were then decapitated and adrenal cells were cultured in the absence or presence of rat adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) for 4 h. In the second experiment, adrenal cells from lactating rats on day 5 of lactation were cultured in the absence or presence of rat ACTH for 4 h.ResultsThe effect of ACTH at 10−10 M on corticosterone and progesterone release was greater for PaA‐treated cyclic rats than for control cyclic rats. The effect of ACTH at 10−10 M on corticosterone release was greater for PaA‐treated lactating rats than for control lactating rats. Circulating ACTH and corticosterone levels in PaA‐treated and control cyclic and lactating rats were no different.ConclusionsThese results indicate that PaA supplementation induced hyperresponsiveness to ACTH stimulation in cyclic and lactating female rats. These results clearly demonstrated that PaA is an essential factor in adrenal steroidogenesis of female rats.
The effects of viscosity on sound radiation near solid surfaces
Authors: Morfey C. L. , Sorokin S. V. , Gabard G. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAlthough the acoustic analogy developed by Lighthill, Curle, and Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings for sound generation by unsteady flow past solid surfaces is formally exact, it has become accepted practice in aeroacoustics to use an approximate version in which viscous quadrupoles are neglected. Here we show that, when sound is radiated by non-rigid surfaces, and the smallest dimension is comparable to or less than the viscous penetration depth, neglect of the viscous-quadrupole term can cause large errors in the sound field. In addition, the interpretation of the viscous quadrupoles as contributing only to sound absorption is shown to be inaccurate. Comparisons are made with the scalar wave equation for linear waves in a viscous fluid, which is extended using generalized functions to describe the effects of solid surfaces. Results are also presented for two model problems, one in a half-space and one with simple cylindrical geometry, for which analytical solutions are available.
Effects of glutamine supplementation on oxidative stress-related gene expression and antioxidant properties in rats with streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes
Authors: Tsai Pei-Hsuan , Liu Jun-Jen , Yeh Chui-Li , Chiu Wan-Chun , Yeh Sung-Ling 
Published: December 2011

There are close links among hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress and diabetic complications. Glutamine (GLN) is an amino acid with immunomodulatory properties. The present study investigated the effect of dietary GLN on oxidative stress-relative gene expressions and tissue oxidative damage in diabetes. There were one normal control (NC) and two diabetic groups in the present study. Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of nicotinamide followed by streptozotocin (STZ). Rats in the NC group were fed a regular chow diet. In the two diabetic groups, one group (diabetes mellitus, DM) was fed a common semi-purified diet while the other group received a diet in which part of the casein was replaced by GLN (DM-GLN). GLN provided 25 % of total amino acid N. The experimental groups were fed the respective diets for 8 weeks, and then the rats were killed for further analysis. The results showed that blood thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip) mRNA expression in the diabetic groups was higher than that in the NC group. Compared with the DM group, the DM-GLN group had lower glutamine fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1, a receptor of advanced glycation end products, and Txnip gene expressions in blood mononuclear cells. The total antioxidant capacity was lower and antioxidant enzyme activities were altered by the diabetic condition. GLN supplementation increased antioxidant capacity and normalised antioxidant enzyme activities. Also, the renal nitrotyrosine level and Txnip mRNA expression were lower when GLN was administered. These results suggest that dietary GLN supplementation decreases oxidative stress-related gene expression, increases the antioxidant potential and may consequently attenuate renal oxidative damage in rats with STZ-induced diabetes.
Pointwise characteristic factors for the multiterm return times theorem
Authors: ASSANI IDRIS , PRESSER KIMBERLY 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThis paper is an update and extension of a result the authors first proved in 2003. The goal of this paper is to study factors which are known to beL2-characteristic for certain non-conventional averages and prove that these factors are pointwise characteristic for the multiterm return times averages.
Basic language comprehension and production in >100,000 young children from sixteen developing nations
Authors: BORNSTEIN MARC H. , HENDRICKS CHARLENE 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTUsing the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, language comprehension and production were compared in a sample of 101,250 children aged 2 ; 00 to 9 ; 11 and a focus subsample of 38,845 children aged 2 ; 00 to 4 ; 11 from sixteen under-researched developing nations. In the whole sample, comprehension slightly exceeded production; correlations between comprehension and production by country were positive and significant, but varied in size, and the average correlation was positive, significant, and small to medium. Mean comprehension and production varied with child age, reaching an asymptote at 5 ; 00, and correlations between comprehension and production by age were positive, significant, and similar at each age. In the focus subsample, comprehension exceeded production; correlations between comprehension and production by country were positive and significant, but varied in size, and the average correlation was positive, significant, and medium in size. Children in countries with lower standards of living were less likely to demonstrate basic language comprehension or production.
Prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in pregnant Latin American women and congenital transmission rate in a non-endemic area: the experience of the Valencian Health Programme (Spain)
Authors: BARONA-VILAR C. , GIMÉNEZ-MARTÍ M. J. , FRAILE T. , GONZÁLEZ-STEINBAUER C. , PARADA C. , GIL-BRUSOLA A. , BRAVO D. , GÓMEZ M. D. , NAVARRO D. , PEREZ-TAMARIT A. , FERNANDEZ-SILVEIRA L. , FULLANA-MONTORO A. , BORRÁS R. 
Published: December 2011

SUMMARYThis study describes the results of the health programme implemented in the Valencian Community (Spain) to achieve an early diagnosis of Chagas disease in pregnant Latin American women and their newborns. During 2009 and 2010, 1975 women living in the health districts of three university hospitals were enrolled via midwives or at the time of delivery. Diagnosis of disease was performed using two serological tests with different antigens. Congenital infection was diagnosed by parasitological, molecular or serological methods from blood samples obtained at birth or in subsequent controls. The overall seroprevalence of Chagas infection in pregnant women from 16 different endemic countries was 11·4%. Infection was higher in those from countries in the Gran Chaco Region (Bolivia, 34·1%; Paraguay, 7·4%; Argentina, 5·3%). Eight newborn infants from Bolivian mothers had congenital Chagas which represents a vertical transmission rate of 3·7%. In conclusion, this work supports the benefits of offering an early diagnosis to pregnant women and newborns during routine prenatal healthcare.
Functional gut disorders or disordered gut function? Small bowel dysmotility evidenced by an original technique
Authors: Malagelada C. , De lorio F. , Seguí S. , Mendez S. , Drozdzal M. , Vitria J. , Radeva P. , Santos J. , Accarino A. , Malagelada J. R. , Azpiroz F. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackground  This study aimed to determine the proportion of cases with abnormal intestinal motility among patients with functional bowel disorders. To this end, we applied an original method, previously developed in our laboratory, for analysis of endoluminal images obtained by capsule endoscopy. This novel technology is based on computer vision and machine learning techniques.Methods  The endoscopic capsule (Pillcam SB1; Given Imaging, Yokneam, Israel) was administered to 80 patients with functional bowel disorders and 70 healthy subjects. Endoluminal image analysis was performed with a computer vision program developed for the evaluation of contractile events (luminal occlusions and radial wrinkles), non‐contractile patterns (open tunnel and smooth wall patterns), type of content (secretions, chyme) and motion of wall and contents. Normality range and discrimination of abnormal cases were established by a machine learning technique. Specifically, an iterative classifier (one‐class support vector machine) was applied in a random population of 50 healthy subjects as a training set and the remaining subjects (20 healthy subjects and 80 patients) as a test set.Key Results  The classifier identified as abnormal 29% of patients with functional diseases of the bowel (23 of 80), and as normal 97% of healthy subjects (68 of 70) (P < 0.05 by chi‐squared test). Patients identified as abnormal clustered in two groups, which exhibited either a hyper‐ or a hypodynamic motility pattern. The motor behavior was unrelated to clinical features.Conclusions & Inferences  With appropriate methodology, abnormal intestinal motility can be demonstrated in a significant proportion of patients with functional bowel disorders, implying a pathologic disturbance of gut physiology.
Vascular catastrophes following pancreas transplantation: an evolution in strategy at a single center
Authors: Fridell Jonathan A. , Johnson Matthew S. , Goggins William C. , Beduschi Thiago , Mujtaba Muhammad A. , Goble Michelle L. , Powelson John A. 
Published: December 2011

Fridell JA, Johnson MS, Goggins WC, Beduschi T, Mujtaba MA, Goble ML, Powelson JA. Vascular catastrophes following pancreas transplantation: an evolution in strategy at a single center.  Clin Transplant 2012: 26: 164–172.  © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Introduction:  Complications of pancreas transplantation involving the arterial anastomosis are potentially life threatening. In this report, we review our experience with such vascular catastrophes.Methods:  Pancreas transplants performed between January 2003 and December 2009 were reviewed. All cases of pseudoaneurysm (PA) or arterioenteric fistula (AEF) were included.Results:  Of 346 pancreas transplants, 10 vascular catastrophes in nine recipients were identified. There were five PAs, one involving the pancreas allograft, one involving the donor iliac artery Y‐graft stump following allograft pancreatectomy, two involving the kidney allograft, and one involving the bifurcation of the Y‐graft. The latter was treated with coil embolization, but subsequently developed into an AEF. There were five AEFs including the recipient mentioned above. Four had a failed allograft and three had discontinued immunosuppression. The final case had a clamp injury to the proximal common iliac artery that fistulized to the donor duodenum. The management, course and outcome of all nine recipients are described in detail.Conclusion:  Vascular catastrophes such as PA and AEF are potentially life‐threatening complications of pancreas transplantation. Immediate treatment at the time of bleeding is essential and covered stenting of the involved artery may provide immediate vascular control in these situations.
Can Truthmaker Theorists Claim Ontological Free Lunches?
Authors: Schulte Peter 
Published: December 2011

AbstractTruthmaker theorists hold that propositions about higher‐level entities (e.g. the proposition that there is a heap of sand) are often made true by lower‐level entities (e.g. by facts about the configuration of fundamental particles). This generates a problem: what should we say about these higher‐level entities? On the one hand, they must exist (since there are true propositions about them), on the other hand, it seems that they are completely superfluous and should be banished for reasons of ontological parsimony. Some truthmaker theorists—most prominently David Armstrong—have tried to solve this puzzle by arguing that these entities are ‘an ontological free lunch’, i.e. real existents that are still ‘no addition of being’. This answer isprima facieattractive, but I argue in this paper that the standard approaches to truthmaking—modal theories and grounding theories—are unable to vindicate the doctrine of the ontological free lunch, and thus fail to solve the problem of higher‐level entities. Fortunately, there is a non‐standard account of truthmaking available, the reductive explanation account, which succeeds where the standard approaches fail.