bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intracranial hypertension caused by a depressed skull fracture resulting in superior sagittal sinus thrombosis in a pediatric patient: treatment with ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion
Authors: Forbes Jonathan A. , Reig Adam S. , Tomycz Luke D. , Tulipan Noel 
Published: July 2010

Object
Intracranial hypertension resulting from compression of the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) by an overlying depressed calvarial fracture is a rare condition. Primary surgical treatment for the symptomatic patient in this setting traditionally involves elevation of the fracture, which often carries significant associated morbidity.

Methods
The authors report a case involving a 6-year-old boy who suffered a closed, depressed, parietooccipital fracture as the result of an unhelmeted all-terrain vehicle accident. This fracture caused compression and subsequent thrombosis of the SSS, which resulted in CSF malabsorption and progressive intracranial hypertension. Initially headache free following the injury, he had developed severe and unremitting headaches by postinjury Day 7. A CT angiography study of the head obtained at this time exhibited thrombosis of the SSS underlying the depressed calvarial fracture. Subsequent lumbar puncture demonstrated markedly elevated intrathecal pressures. Large volumes of CSF were removed, with temporary improvement in symptoms. After medical management with anticoagulation failed, the decision was made to proceed with image-guided ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion.

Results
The patient's headaches resolved immediately following the procedure, and anticoagulation therapy was reinstituted. Follow-up images obtained 4 months after the injury demonstrated evidence of resolution of the depressed fracture, with recanalization of the SSS. The anticoagulation therapy was then discontinued. To the authors' knowledge, this report is the first description of ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion as the primary treatment of this infrequent condition.

Conclusions
This report demonstrates that select patients with this presentation can undergo CSF diversion in lieu of elevation of the depressed skull fracture—a surgical procedure shown to be associated with increased risks when the depressed fracture overlies the posterior SSS. The literature on this topic is reviewed and management of this condition is discussed.
Longitudinal analyses of the surgical outcomes of pediatric epilepsy patients with focal cortical dysplasia
Authors: Phi Ji Hoon , Cho Byung-Kyu , Wang Kyu-Chang , Lee Ji Yeoun , Hwang Yong Seung , Kim Ki Joong , Chae Jong-Hee , Kim In-One , Park Sung-Hye , Kim Seung-Ki 
Published: July 2010

Object
The long-term surgical outcome of pediatric patients with epilepsy accompanied by focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is not clear. The authors report on the long-term surgical outcomes of children with FCD, based on longitudinal analyses.

Methods
The authors retrospectively analyzed the records of 41 children who underwent epilepsy surgery for pathologically proven FCD. Twenty of these patients were male and 21 were female. The median age at surgery was 9 years (range 1–17 years).

Results
The actuarial seizure-free rates were 49, 44, and 33% in the 1st, 2nd, and 5th years after surgery, respectively. There was no seizure recurrence after 3 years. Three patients with initial failure of seizure control experienced late remission of seizures (the so-called running-down phenomenon). Eventually, 19 patients (46%) were seizure free at their last follow-up visit. Absence of a lesion on MR imaging and incomplete resection were significantly associated with seizure-control failure. Concordance of presurgical evaluation data was a marginally significant variable for seizure control in patients with lesional epilepsy. Three patients with seizure-control failure became seizure free as a result of the running-down phenomenon. The actuarial rate of antiepileptic drug discontinuation was 91% in the 5th year in the seizure-free patients.

Conclusions
The seizure-free rate after surgery in children with FCD was 49% in the 1st year; however, it declined thereafter. The running-down phenomenon could be an important mechanism of seizure alleviation for patients with FCD during long-term follow-up. Because a complete resection of FCD has a strong prognostic implication for seizure control, a better method to define the extent of FCD is required to assist with resection, especially in nonlesional epilepsy.
Aurora kinase A as a rational target for therapy in glioblastoma
Authors: Barton Valerie N. , Foreman Nicholas K. , Donson Andrew M. , Birks Diane K. , Handler Michael H. , Vibhakar Rajeev 
Published: July 2010

Object
Despite advances in the knowledge of tumor biology, the outcome of glioblastoma tumors remains poor. The design of many molecularly targeted therapies in glioblastoma has focused on inhibiting molecular abnormalities present in tumor cells compared with normal tissue rather than patient outcome-associated factors. As an alternative approach, the present study identified genes associated with shorter survival as potential therapeutic targets. It was hypothesized that inhibition of a molecular target associated with poor outcome would impact glioblastoma cell proliferation.

Methods
The present study correlated patient survival data with tumor gene expression profiling and gene ontology analysis. Genes associated with shorter survival were identified and one of these was selected for therapeutic targeting in an in vitro system. Glioblastoma cell growth suppression was measured by H3-thymidine uptake, colony formation, and flow cytometry.

Results
The gene expression microarray and ontology analysis revealed that genes involved in mitotic processes, including AURKA, were associated with poor prognosis in glioblastoma. Inhibition of AURKA suppressed glioblastoma cell growth. Moreover, inhibition of AURKA was synergistic with radiation in glioblastoma cells at high radiation doses.

Conclusions
Relative expression of AURKA may be of prognostic value and warrants further investigation with larger, prospective studies. Pharmacological inhibition of AURKA is a potentially promising therapy for glioblastoma.
Local disease control after decompressive surgery and adjuvant high-dose single-fraction radiosurgery for spine metastases
Authors: Moulding Hugh D. , Elder James B. , Lis Eric , Lovelock Dale M. , Zhang Zhigang , Yamada Yoshiya , Bilsky Mark H. 
Published: July 2010

Object
Adjuvant radiation following epidural spinal cord decompression for tumor is a powerful tool used to achieve local disease control and preserve neurological function. To the authors' knowledge, only 1 published report addresses adjuvant stereotactic radiosurgery after this procedure, but that study used significantly lower doses than are currently prescribed. The authors review their experience using high-dose single-fraction radiosurgery as a postoperative adjuvant following surgical decompression and instrumentation to assess long-term local tumor control, morbidity, and survival.

Methods
A retrospective chart review identified 21 patients treated with surgical decompression and instrumentation for high-grade, epidural, spinal cord compression from tumor, followed by single-fraction high-dose spinal radiosurgery (dose range 18–24 Gy, median 24 Gy). Spinal cord dose was limited to a cord maximal dose of 14 Gy. Tumor histologies, time between surgery and radiosurgery, time to local recurrence after radiosurgery as assessed by serial MR imaging, and time to death were determined. Competing risk analysis was used to evaluate these end points.

Results
In this series, 20 tumors treated (95%) were considered highly radioresistant to conventional external beam radiation. The planning target volume received a high dose (24 Gy) in 16 patients (76.2%), and a low dose (18 or 21 Gy) in 5 patients (23.8%). During the study, 15 (72%) of 21 patients died, and in all cases death was due to systemic progression as opposed to local failure. The median overall survival after radiosurgery was 310 days (range 37 days to not reached). One patient (4.8%) underwent repeat surgery for local failure and 2 patients (9.5%) underwent spine surgery for other reasons. Local control was maintained after radiosurgery in 17 (81%) of 21 patients until death or most recent follow-up, with an estimated 1-year local failure risk of 9.5%. Of the failures, 3 of 4 were noted in patients receiving low-dose radiosurgery, equaling an overall failure rate of 60% (3 of 5 patients) and a 1-year local failure estimated risk of 20%. Those patients receiving adjuvant stereotactic radiosurgery with a high dose had a 93.8% overall local control rate (15 of 16 patients), with a 1-year estimated failure risk of 6.3%. Competing risk analysis showed this to be a significant difference between radiosurgical doses. One patient experienced a significant radiation-related complication; there were no wound-related issues after radiosurgery.

Conclusions
Spine radiosurgery after surgical decompression and instrumentation for tumor is a safe and effective technique that can achieve local tumor control until death in the vast majority of patients. In this series, those patients who received a higher radiosurgical dose had a significantly better local control rate.
Intraoperative ultrasonographic evaluation of posterior decompression via laminoplasty in patients with cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament: correlation with 2-year follow-up results
Authors: Seichi Atsushi , Chikuda Hirotaka , Kimura Atsushi , Takeshita Katsushi , Sugita Shurei , Hoshino Yuichi , Nakamura Kozo 
Published: July 2010

Object
The aim in this prospective study was to determine the morphological limitations of laminoplasty for cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) by using intraoperative ultrasonography and to investigate correlations between ultrasonographic findings and 2-year follow-up results.

Methods
Included in this study were 40 patients who underwent double-door laminoplasty for cervical myelopathy due to OPLL. Intraoperative ultrasonography was used to evaluate posterior shift of the spinal cord after the posterior decompression procedure. To determine the decompression status of the cord, the authors classified ultrasonographic findings into 3 types on the basis of the presence or absence of spinal cord contact with OPLL after decompression: Type 1, noncontact; Type 2, contact and apart; and Type 3, contact. Patients were divided accordingly into Group 1, showing Type 1 or 2 findings, representing sufficient decompression; and Group 2, showing Type 3 findings with insufficient decompression. Preoperative sagittal alignment of the cervical spine (C2–7 angle) and preoperative maximal thickness of OPLL were compared between groups. The authors also investigated the morphological limitations of laminoplasty and 2-year follow-up results by using the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scoring system.

Results
According to receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, an OPLL maximal thickness > 7.2 mm was a cutoff value for insufficient decompression. However, sufficient or insufficient decompression did not correlate with 2-year results, as determined by JOA scores. The C2–7 angle had no impact on ultrasonographic findings.

Conclusions
Laminoplasty has a morphological limitation for thick OPLLs, and a thickness > 7.2 mm represents a theoretical cutoff for residual cord compression after laminoplasty. According to 2-year results, however, laminoplasty can remain the first choice for any type of multiple-level OPLL.
Angiosperm diversity of Lawachara National Park (Bangladesh): a preliminary assessment
Authors: Uddin Mohammad Zashim , Hassan Md. Abul 
Published: July 2010

The present article focuses on an inventory of angiosperm diversity of Lawachara National Park. Using traditional taxonomic techniques data have been collected from the park during January to October 2008. In this preliminary assessment, a total of 374 angiosperm species including cultivated ones have been catalogued under 84 families. Nineteen threatened plant species have also been recognized in the park. Keywords: Preliminary assessment; angiosperm diversity; Lawachara National Park.DOI: 10.3329/bjpt.v17i1.5387Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 17(1): 9-22, 2010 (June)
L'Art du Toxaristan à l'époque du Haut Moyen Âge (monuments non bouddhiques)
Authors: Litvinskij Boris A. , Solov'ev Viktor 
Published: July 2010

The article of B.A. Litvinskij and V.S. Solovyev is devoted to interesting monuments of art- ceramic reliefs, cornelian gemseal, wooden carved board - which were found during the excavation at the sites of Kafirkala and Kalai Kafirnigan in Southern Tajikistan. All of them are dated within the second half of the VIIth - the first half of the VIIIth centuries.
The two ceramic reliefs have the wild ram and lion hunt scenes. Both of them vary the subjects that are well known in Sasanid toreutics. The third relief bears a deer decorated with ribbons and framed by vegetable ornament. The image of the deer is adapted from Iranian art, the ornament, from Gupta art. The scene of the victory of the horseman over the lion and a bird (probably farn) flying towards the horseman is carved on the obverse of the gem-seal . The seal was brought from Iran ; the subject of its picture is unique. There is a relief picture of two peacocks moving towards each other on the board from Kalai Kafirnigan. The article gives a detailed study of the pictures of this king in oriental art.
All these finds are very important for the characterisation of secular non-monumental art of Tokharistan which is still insufficiently known. They also widen our knowledge of the cultural links of this state with neighbouring countries, primarily with India and Iran.
Essai pour une typologie de la cloche tibétaine dril-bu
Authors: Helffer Mireille 
Published: July 2010

The ritual sceptre rdo-rje and the handbell dril-bu — with an internal clapper and a handle in the shape of half a rdo-rje — are indispensable accessories for the ritual celebration of Tibetan Buddhism. They appear among the attributes which iconography gives to a number of Buddhas, bodhisattvas, protective deities and spiritual teachers. Since the beginning of the XIth century, numerous canonical and extra -canonical texts have described precisely the characteristics of the rdo-rje and dril-bu, and simultaneously explained the symbolical value which could be attributed to each part of the two objects.
A comparison between the textual prescriptions and a sample of some fifty bells kept in various museums and monasteries has showed how faithful was the treatment of the ritual bells till the contemporary period. This allows to put forward a typology of the Tibetan dril-bu which takes into consideration the criteria offered by the Tibetan tradition itself. Two tables — one concerning the handle of the bell, the other the various symbolical decorations of the skirt of the bell - show the various correlations which have laid to the available types of bells.
The ruins of Pâhârpur
Authors: Ahmed Nazimuddin , Sanday John 
Published: July 2010

Les ruines du vihâra de Pahârpur sont situées dans le district de Rajshahi, au Bangladesh, non loin de la limite avec le district de Bogra. Le nom de Pahârpur ou " ville colline " évoque peut-être la silhouette du lieu avant que le monastère n'y ait été découvert ; le lieu se nommait jadis Somapura, comme il en ressort de la lecture de sceaux qui y localisent le "grand monastère de Dharmapâladeva ", souverain qui régna des environs de 775 aux environs de 812. Pour des raisons encore peu connues, le monastère a été abandonné au XIIe siècle. Francis Buchanan (Hamilton) visita les lieux entre 1807 et 1812 pour le compte de l'East India Company, E. Vesey Westmacott s'y rendit vers 1875 avant Alexander Cunningham au cours de l'hiver 1879-1880. Les fouilles commencèrent dès 1923 : quelques cellules et une partie de la cour dans l'angle sud-ouest sont alors dégagées. Dans la campagne de 1925-26, l'escalier principal, le chemin processionnel au nord et la base du temple central sont mis au jour. Les fouilles continueront jusqu'en 1934 sous la direction de K.N. Dikshit.
Le monument, comme ceux du Salban vihâra à Mainamati, distria de Comilla, ou d'Antichak, dans le district de Bhagalpur au Bihar, présente une structure évoquant de similaires constructions en Birmanie ou à Java.
Les ruines couvrent une superficie de près de neuf hectares ; elles forment une cour presque carrée et symétriquement disposée, de 280 mètres de côté au centre de laquelle se dresse le sanctuaire. Cette cour est cernée par un mur de 4,8 mètres d'épaisseur dans lequel sont ménagées les 177 cellules monacales. L'unique accès à la cour est situé au nord. La structure à terrasses du sanctuaire est bâtie sur un plan cruciforme. Le sanctuaire central, d'une superficie de près de 27 mètres carrés, s'élève sur les trois terrasses en retrait à une hauteur d'environ 20 mètres. La seconde terrasse correspond au chemin circu- mambulatoire qui donne accès aux niches ménagées dans les branches de la croix ; les murs intérieurs sont, à cette élévation, ornés de terres cuites. Le niveau actuel du sol est surélevé d'un mètre par rapport au niveau originel du pradaksinatha de la base qui contient une série de 63 panneaux en pierre, aujourd'hui recouverts. A l'époque de la mousson, les eaux inondent la cour, interdisant qu'un chantier de fouilles y soit et demeure ouvert et rendant difficile la restauration et l'entretien du site. Un plan pour la conservation du site a été préparé, résultat de plusieurs missions de l'UNESCO, et dans le cadre du programme de préservation et conservation des monuments du Bangladesh. Des propositions ont été faites pour assécher le site et y entreprendre des fouilles, conserver et entretenir le monument et protéger son environnement. Le développement du musée du site est également prévu, ainsi que celui de l'accueil des visiteurs.
La tombe à linceul de jade du roi de Nanyue à Canton
Authors: Girard-Geslan Maud 
Published: July 2010

In 1983, the tomb of the second king of Nanyue was brought to light on a small granitic hillock, mount Xianggang, in Canton. Well preserved and unviolated, the sepulture was deeply dug into the top of the hill and its chambers were entirely built of sandstone blocks. It provides important clues on the evolution of kingly burial practices as well as on the organization of feudal royalty during the Western Han dynasty.
Chinese ruler of an independent kingdom, populated mostly by Yue Barbarians (related to the Dôngsonian people of protohistoric Vietnam), Zhao Mei (who died between 128 and 117 BC), identified by his seals, was dressed in a jade suit and rested in a set of lacquered woodcaskets. Accompanied by fourteen human victims, he was surrounded with numerous exquisitely crafted goods.
The burial objects (among which a few situlae (bronze buckets) were the only Yue objects) give information on the process of diffusion of the Han culture, that little by little replaced the Yue one, as well as on the technical and economic level of a kingdom, where metallurgy was locally practiced and where sea trade was flourishing.
Le monastère de bSam-yas : essai de restitution
Authors: Mémet Sébastien 
Published: July 2010

bSam-yas Monastery : an attempt at reconstruction.
When he built a model of the bSam-yas monastery, S. Mémet, being an architect but not a specialist of Tibetan architecture, insisted on the proportions and volumes of the buildings. From the existing documents, photographs and very succinct plans, he drew a scale and placed accordingly the buildings, using resections of perspectives. The main figure of the plan was found to be the square, and the main element of composition the number three. The elevation of the central building is based on
rectangles composed of three half-squares; its pyramidal organization expresses a hierarchy between the parts of the temple, the inner one being considered as a space regulator. But though the centre of the more or less circular enclosure is the vertical axis of the main temple, it is still difficult, owing to the lack of metrical survey, to state positively that the whole area is geometrically organized.
La Vie de l'enfant Padma 'od-'bar : du texte à l'image
Authors: Blondeau Anne-Marie 
Published: July 2010

The Life of the Child Padma 'od-'bar : from the text to the painted image.
The play, the Life of the Child Padma 'od-'bar is very popular amongst the Tibetan people. Apart from the " libretti ", proper to each theatrical company, several written versions have been published, though these come down to two main ones, the first published in Kalimpong in 1959, and the second in Lhasa in 1982.
Furthermore, the same narrative is related by the itinerant storytellers, the mani-pas, who illustrate their story by showing details from the scenes of a thangka. A comparison between four of these paintings shows that, beyond stylistic differences, a large homogeneity exists in their composition. One may wonder whether this homogeneity is the result of a common geographical origin, which may link them to a school from Khams.
Putting the texts and paintings side by side, it becomes clear that — apart from a few details — all the scenes in the paintings faithfully follow the texts. Nevertheless, it is necessary to
combine both written versions in order to get a complete " reading " of the thangkas. This fact suggests that the two modern versions are incomplete, and that it would be useful to find a more ancient text.
Thus we have a further example of « narrative » painting very precisely linked to a text. Yet, contrary to other such paintings, previously studied, those illustrating the life of Padma 'od-'bar lack strictness in their composition, since the progress of the story sometimes requires the reader to jump in disorder from one place to another. If one adds the naive technique used in three out of four of these thangkas, one may ask whether this might not be considered as a criterion for identifying the paintings used by the mani-pas.
Finally, this example, following others, prompts one to look to literary sources as the probable origin of the so-called " narrative " paintings.
Sarazm et les débuts du peuplement agricole dans la région de Samarkand
Authors: Besenval Roland , Isakov Abdullah Isakovič 
Published: July 2010

Discovered in 1976, Sarazm is the first evidence of chalcolithic settlement in the north-eastern part of southern Central Asia during 4th and 3rd millennium B.C.
This site, isolated in this area, is similar to the agricultural communities well known during this period in South Turkmenia, on the Iranian Plateau and in Baluchistan.
Archaeological excavations at Sarazm have shown striking links, through pottery/ with these distant regions. The question raised is the "raison d'être" of these closed connexions: the hypothesis of a specific interest in the Zerafshan mountaneous aera is considered.