bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of the Pelvic Score by the Quantification Theory for Categorical Data
Authors: Shigemitsu Sadahiko , Kubo Takeshi , Iwasaki Hirokazu 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe scoring system for pelvic examination used in Tsukuba University Hospital was evaluated by the quantification theory to investigate the precision in predicting the date of labor onset. The objects of this study were 137 nulliparous gravidae and 142 multiparous gravidae who had spontaneous onset of labor at full‐term. In this analysis, we used 15 categories of findings in the examination as independent variables, and as the objective variable we used the interval from the examination to the labor onset. The multiple correlation coefficients in nulliparae was 0.593 and in multiparae 0.598. The following conclusions were reached concerning the assessment of labor onset: (1) The consistency of the cervix and the engagement of the vertex in nulliparous gravidae should be given more consideration. (2) In multiparous gravidae the dilatation of the cervix and the engagement of the vertex are important factors. (3) A different scoring system should be employed for both nulliparae and multiparae.
Endometrial Shedding and Regeneration: An Electron Microscopic Study in the Human Being
Authors: Ollo Mahmoud Ali Abou 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWhether the stroma of the endometrium, the spongy layer or the deeper parts of the endometrial glands is the origin of the postmenstrual surface epithelium is a matter of different opinions. The endometrium was examined during the second day of the menstrual bleeding in 20 fertile females using the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Proliferative and secretory endometrium were present denoting the onset of regeneration by that time. The superficial parts of the endometrial glands in some areas were projecting on the surface of the remaining spongy layer like worms having nipple like heads and an opening like a mouth. Endometrial regeneration began in the deeper parts of the endometrial glands as columns of rounded cells with central cavities which had everted thick edges on reaching the surface. These everted edges were growing in all directions to cover the remaining spongy layer with surface epithelium containing ciliated and non‐ciliated cells. Exposure of the deeper parts of the glands is essential for regeneration. The delay in shedding the superficial parts of the glands may play an important role in dysfunctional uterine bleeding.
Progestogens: An Occasional Review
Authors: Eden John A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractProgestogens are drugs which share the ability to stimulate the progesterone receptor, but differ in many other aspects. Some of their uses include the regulation of menstrual bleeding, protection of oestrogen‐primed endometrium, contraception and as anticancer therapy. However, progesterone physical and psychological side‐effects and potentially adverse metabolic effects including lipoprotein changes must be considered. An understanding of these differences will permit appropriate prescribing of these drugs for gynaecological and medical disorders.
Catecholamines in Experimentally Growth‐Retarded Rat Fetus
Authors: Hiraoka Takanori , Kudo Takafumi , Kishimoto Yasuo 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThis study was designed to evaluate the sympathoadrenal system in rat IUGR fetuses prepared by the Wigglesworth method. Samples were obtained on day 20 of gestation. In the amniotic fluid, concentrations of norepinephrine (NE) and particularly epinephrine (E) were significantly higher in IUGR fetuses than in normally developed fetuses (NE: p<0.05, E: p<0.01).L‐Dopa and three catecholamines in the adrenal glands were decreased in IUGR fetuses. The mol ratios (L‐dopa: dopamine: NE: E) were 1: 4: 35: 63 in IUGR fetuses and 1: 5: 39: 87 in normal fetuses. The ratio for epinephrine toL‐dopa was significantly lower in IUGR fetuses (p<0.05). Adrenal phenylethanolamine‐N‐methyltransferase activities showed no difference between the two groups. From these results, adrenal epinephrine synthesis in IUGR fetuses was thought to be normal. Because of the depletion of adrenal epinephrine in IUGR fetuses, the plasma epinephrine concentrations were significantly lower after acute hemorrhagic shock (p<0.01). However, the plasma concentrations of dopamine and norepinephrine were significantly higher (dopamine: p<0.01, NE: p<0.001) in IUGR fetuses. These findings suggest that the hypersecretion of adrenal epinephrine is a protective response to chronic stress and the decrease of adrenal epinephrine may be a causative factor for the reduced reserves in the defense mechanism of IUGR fetuses.
The Production Mechanism of Amniotic Fluid Dopamine in Rats
Authors: Inoue Kazunori , Kudo Takafumi , Kishimoto Yasuo 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe production of dopamine in amniotic fluid was studied using Wistar rats. The dopamine concentrations in the amniotic fluid increased significantly between each day of gestation from day 18 to day 21, and a marked increase was observed during the last two days. The concentrations of dopamine in the fetal plasma, however, did not change with the gestational age. There was a significant increase in the fetal plasma L‐dopa, which is the precursor of dopamine, without any changes in maternal plasma L‐dopa levels during late gestation. Dopa decarboxylase (DDC) activity was also measured in the fetal rat kidney from gestation day 17 to day 21. DDC activity, which was low on day 17, increased with advanced gestation. DDC activity on day 21 was 0.68 nmol/mg tissue/h, about 13‐fold higher than on day 17. These results suggest that fetal plasma L‐dopa may be converted to dopamine by fetal kidney DDC, and that the dopamine is voided into the amniotic cavity in fetal urine.
EGF Rapidly Stimulates Tyrosine Phosphorylation in Cultured Endometrial Cells
Authors: Ishihara Satoko , Taketani Yuji , Mizuno Masahiko 
Published: August 2010

AbstractRecent increasing evidence suggests that EGF has a role in modulating the differentiated functions of human endometrial cells in an autocrine/paracrine fashion. To explore the signal transduction pathway of EGF in endometrial cells, we used cultured human endometrial cells to examine whether EGF induces tyrosine‐phosphorylation. EGF phosphorylated the 175 kDa protein on tyrosine residues within 10 seconds of stimulation. EGF induced tyrosine phosphorylation at as low as 0.1 ng/ml with the maximal effect occurring at 10 ng/ml. Estradiol was shown to enhance the phosphorylation by EGF in this system. These results thus suggest that tyrosinephosphorylation might be an important step in the signal transduction of EGF in human endometrial cells. Furthermore, the observed stimulatory action of estradiol on tyrosine‐phosphorylation by EGF might provide a clue in the elucidation of the cellular mechanism of estrogen action in endometrium.
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome: The Role of Resuscitation and Tracheal Suction in Prevention
Authors: Bhutta Zulfiqar A. , Jalil Sajid 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe reviewed our experience of meconium staining of liquor and meconium aspiration syndrome over a 33 month period. The clinical and radiological severity of disease was assessed in comparison with tracheal suction and resuscitation. Sixty (27%) of newborns with meconium stained liquor subsequently developed MAS. No association was found between the thickness of meconium or its presence on tracheal aspiration with subsequent severity of respiratory disease. However, the presence of meconium in the trachea was strongly associated with radiological abnormality. The severity of meconium aspiration syndrome and mortality were also related to the clinical stability of the infants at presentation. Our results indicate that intrauterine aspiration and pulmonary maladaptation may play a significant role in meconium aspiration syndrome rather than resuscitative events at delivery.
Significance of the Serum CA125 Level in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Nishimura Haruo , Tashiro Masamichi , Hamaguchi Kinya , Kiyozuka Yasuyuki , Ide Hiroshi , Tateno Nobumasa , Miyoshi Tadashi , Yakushiji Michiaki 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThirty‐four recurrent cases of 89 patients with ovarian cancer treated in our department between 1985 and 1989 were examined for changes in serum CA125 level.

Upon confirmation of recurrence, 17 patients were positive for CA125 and 15 were negative.
According to the histopathological type, the rate of CA125 positivity in patients with recurrence was high for serous adenocarcinoma, suggesting that determination of CA125 is useful for detection of recurrence. In contrast, all patients with mutinous adenocarcinoma or endometrioid adenocarcinoma were negative for CA125.
The CA125 positivity rate upon confirmation of recurrence was 9% in patients whose CA125 was less than 1,000 U/ml on initial examination, suggesting that close management of such patients is necessary.
Elevation of CA125 by 3 steps or more within the normal range (less than 35 U/ml) was useful for predicting recurrence.
The cut‐off level of CA125 during follow‐up should be set at 16 U/ml.
It was difficult to evaluate remission with only the serum CA125 level. It is impossible to avoid second look operation at present.

These results indicate that pretreatment values and changes of the parameter within the normal range (less than 35 U/ml) have to be considered when using CA125 as a marker of tumor recurrence.
Perinatal Mortality in High Risk Pregnancy: A Prospective Study of Preventable Factors
Authors: Malik Shahzada J. , Mir Nisar A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe present study was undertaken to identify the preventable factors operative in high fetal and neonatal losses. Over a period of one year, of total of 1,600 consecutive deliveries, 1,107 were considered to be at‐risk: there were 33 fetal and 31 early neonatal deaths with an overall perinatal mortality rate of 40/1,000 births.Perinatal mortality was higher in mothers who had received inadequate antenatal care and/or with bad obstetric history. Major maternal and obstetric factors associated with a high PMR were: advancing maternal age and parity, antepartum hemorrhage, diabetes, anemia, instrument and vaginal breech delivery. Overall cesarean section rate was 16.9%. Infants with a gestational age of <37 weeks and/or of birth weight of <2,500 g contributed for 56.2% and 68.7% of the total perinatal losses respectively. PMR was three fold higher among twins compared with singleton births. Identifiable causes of perinatal deaths observed were: asphyxia (31%), congenital anomalies (18.7%), sepsis (18.7%) and low birth weight (25%).It would appear that preventable factors are operative in over two third of the cases of perinatal loss and better maternal health, obstetric and neonatal care can improve the perinatal outcome in majority of the cases.
Expression and Amplification of Cellular Oncogenes in Human Developing Placenta and Neoplastic Trophoblastic Tissue
Authors: Park Jong‐Sup , Namkoong Sung‐Eun , Lee Hun‐Young , Kim Seung‐Jo , Hong Kyong‐Ja , Kim In‐Sook , Kim Kwang‐Un , Shim Bong‐Sop 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTo confirm the expression of cellular oncogenes during normal development, their differential RNA levels in developing human placenta have been studied using radioactive probes such as ?‐abl, ?‐erbA, ?‐fms, ?‐mos, ?‐myc, N‐ras and ?‐src. The c‐tnos and N‐ras genes are expressed and amplified at high levels especially in term placenta, while c‐abl, and c‐erbA are expressed constantly during development. These findings indicate that c‐mos and N‐ras genes may be closely linked to normal differentiation, although c‐abl and c‐erbA may participate in overall developmental processes. In contrast, transcripts of c‐myc and c‐src are enhanced at first trimester and decreased sequentially thereafter, showing that these genes may play a role in early proliferation. Expression patterns of c‐fms gene are same as that of c‐myc and c‐src except reeleva‐tion at term. In addition, to characterize the effect of cellular oncogene expression has been also examined in hydatidiform mole and tumor cells such as BeWo and choriocarcinoma. All cellular oncogenes examined in this study were significantly overexpressed. Thus, our results suggest that cellular oncogene activation may be strongly associated with neoplastic change of trophoblast.
Patterns and Implications of Subclinical Vulval Human Papillomavirus Infection: The Impact of PCR Analysis
Authors: Tay S. K. , Chow V.T.K. , Tham K. M. , Lim‐Tan S. K. , Bernard H. U. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThis study was performed to elucidate the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection of the vulva by colposcopy, histology and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Colposcopy defined 5 patterns of vulval epithelial lesions inconspicuous to the naked eye. Of these 75 subclinical vulval lesions, HPV infection was diagnosed by histology in 20.0% of minor epithelial changes with faint acetowhitening, 52.2% of conspicuous acetowhite lesions, 63.0% of acetowhite areas with satellite lesions, 84.6% of villous lesions, and 85.7% of villous lesions with surrounding acetowhitening. The corresponding HPV DNA positivity rates by PCR were 60.0%, 73.9%, 70.4%, 84.6% and 100% respectively. The oncogenic HPV type 16 was detected by PCR in 37.3% of the samples. These results provide firm evidence for the prevalent existence of subclinical HPV lesions of the vulva. Some of these infections may not produce significant morphologic changes detectable by colposcopy or histology. Subclinical vulval lesions are common and may constitute a reservoir for repeated cervical HPV infections, as well as a source of contamination of cervical samples for HPV DNA detection by sensitive molecular techniques.
Prenatal Diagnosis of Holoprosencephaly by Transvaginal Ultrasonography in the First Trimester
Authors: Hamada Hiromi , Oki Akinori , Tsunoda Hajime , Kubo Takeshi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA diamniotic‐monochorionic pregnancy of twins was revealed by transvaginal ultrasonography: one fetus with holoprosencephaly was diagnosed at 11 weeks of gestation. This is the first case of holoprosencephaly diagnosed in the first trimester. Prenatal diagnosis of this anomaly in the first trimester is now possible by transvaginal ultrasonography.
Clinical Course of Early Fetal Loss and Its Chromosomal Characteristics
Authors: Sato Kodo , Kojima Takahisa , Izuta Makoto , Miyakawa Tomoyuki , Takahashi Keiichi , Tametika Shinzi , Kasai Tsuyoshi , Ogawa Keigo , Shioda Kyoko 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe relationship between types of chromosomal abnormalities and fetal development documented by ultrasonography was discussed in early spontaneous abortions. The subjects were 113 patients who had vaginal ultrasonography at least twice between 6 and 8 weeks of pregnancy, among 167 abortuses with chromosome analyzed. The results were also compared against those for 303 normally developing fetuses. The results obtained in the present study suggested that each fetus with a chromosomal abnormality succumbed at or after a specific stage of fetal development and that the fetal death might be the results of severe fetal growth suppression.
The Immunohistochemical Localization of New Membrane‐Associated Placental Tissue Proteins (MP2 A, B, C, D, and E) in Human and Cynomolgus Monkey Placentae
Authors: Hirai Yasuo , Inaba Noriyuki , Sato Naomi , Fukazawa Kazuo , Yamauchi Kazuhiro , Takamizawa Hiroyoshi , Hasumi Katsuhiko , Masubuchi Kazumasa , Bohn Hans 
Published: August 2010

AbstractNew membrane‐associated placental tissue proteins (MP2 A, B, C, D, and E) were investigated by avidin‐biotin immunoperoxidase technique in the human and cynomolgus monkey placentae, decidua and umbilical cords. In human early placentae, MP2 A, B, C, and E were localized mainly in the membrane of villous syncytiotro‐phoblasts and cytotrophoblasts. Histiocytes in the villous stroma were positive for MP2 A, B, D, and E. In human term placentae, obvious positive staining for MP2 A, B, C, and E was observed in the membrane of villous syncytiotrophoblasts, in the amniotic epithelium, and in the umbilical cord sheath. Histiocytes in the villous stroma were positive for MP2 A, B, C, E, and especially for MP2 D. Importantly, MP2 A, C, and E were positive in polymorphonuclear neutrophils, since most of these common antigens are also carcinoma‐associated, suggesting clinical usage of MP2 proteins as a new tumor marker. In the cynomolgus monkey placentae, similar immuno‐staining results were obtained. The monkey can thus serve as a experimental model for the investigation of the placental proteins.
Cell‐Mediated Immunity in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia
Authors: Park Tchan K. , Kim Soo N. , Choi Dong H. , Lee Chang H. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractVarious immune parameters, i.e., peripheral T and B cell distribution, T cell sub‐population, interleukin 2 (IL‐2) activity and in vitro lymphocyte responses to phytohe‐magglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A), were investigated in 24 pretreated patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and in 35 normal controls. Of the measured parameters, lymphocyte response to PHA was significantly lower in the CIN than control group (p<0.05). The values of all other measured parameters were similar in both groups.
The Effect of Nifedipine and Dipyridamole on the Doppler Blood Flow Waveforms of Umbilical and Uterine Arteries in Hypertensive Pregnant Women
Authors: Hirose Shougo , Yamada Ayako , Kasugai Masahide , Ishizuka Takao , Tomoda Yutaka 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn a study of 45 hypertensive pregnant women, the systolic velocity/diastolic velocity ratio and pulsatility index of the umbilical and uterine arteries showed good correlation with the maternal blood pressure, and they appeared to provide a good parameter for the fetoplacental condition.Using the pulse Doppler method, we studied the effects of the antihypertensive agent nifedipine and of dipyridamole (an agent used to treat proteinuria) on the blood flow of the umbilical and uterine arteries in 16 hypertensive pregnant women. The results proved that both drugs caused a decrease in the vascular resistance of the umbilical artery and suggested that they increased the blood flow volume of this artery and were useful in the treatment of hypertension during pregnancy.
Analysis and Outcome of 502 Cases of Laser Excision Cone (LEC) at the Samaritan Hospital for Women, London
Authors: Yahya Abd. Aziz , Mclndoe G. Angus J. , Mason W. Peter 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWhen performed based on cytology, histological accuracy of the laser cone specimen improved with the more severe cytology. The incidence of adenocarcinoma in situ is 1.0%. With and without residual disease, the rate of abnormal cytology after laser excision cone are 0.6% and 1.6% respectively. There is good correlation between colposcopic biopsy and cone specimen in the more severe lesions. Out of 139 cases of incomplete excision, only 3 cases had abnormal cytology at follow‐up. The complication rates are very low.
Study of the Relationship between Abnormalities in Nuclear DNA and Drug Sensitivity of Human Gynecological Cancer Transplanted into Nude Mice
Authors: Arakawa Atsushi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe relationship between abnormalities in nuclear DNA and anticancer‐drug sensitivity of human gynecological cancer transplanted into nude mice is reported. Nuclear DNA content was expressed in terms of the DNA index (DI) and heterogeneity index score (HIS) using flow cytometry (FCM). Southern blot analysis was used to examine changes in DNA and in observed abnormal‐size DNA fragments.Drug sensitivity was carried out according to a procedure described by Battelle Columbus Laboratories.The results were as follows: (1) Tumors with a high degree of DNA content were more sensitive to anticancer drugs than tumors with less DNA damage. (2) Severe heterogeneity of nuclear DNA caused drug resistance.
The Effects of Cryopreservation on Early Development and Chromosome Constitution in Chinese Hamster Embryos
Authors: Iida Tadashi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe effects of cryopreservation on early embryonic development were investigated in Chinese hamster embryos. Embryos were randomly divided into 3 groups, as follows: the control group, embryos which were simply cultured; the DMSO group, embryos which were exposed to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and then cultured; the cryopreservation group, embryos which were cryopreserved and then cultured. The percentages of embryos which developed into blastocysts after 40 hours of cultivation were high in all groups. However, there were significant differences in the mean number of blastomeres with lower values after an exposure to DMSO and cryopreservation (73.2 in the control group, 62.0 in the DMSO group, and 40.2 in the cryopreservation group). No significant differences in chromosome abnormality rate were evident and there was no distinct tendency for variation in karyotype among the 3 groups. These results indicate that DMSO adversely affects the division of blastomeres, and that cryopreservation with DMSO as a cryoprotectant might aggravate these adverse effects.
Lupus Anticoagulant (LAC) and Its Relation to Pregnancy Outcome: A Report of Five Cases
Authors: Itoh Hiroaki , Ihara Yoshiyuki , Hasegawa Masaaki , Okagaki Atsuhiko , Inamori Kumiko , Sagawa Norimasa , Mori Takahide , Mandai Masaki , Niwa Hayato 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe examined the relation between the spontaneous remission and prednisolone‐induced suppression of lupus anticoagulant (LAC) or anticardiolipin antibody (ACA) and pregnancy outcome in 5 LAC‐positive women. Two women showed a spontaneous remission of LAC and ACA during the observation period. One of these 2 women became pregnant and delivered healthy twin infants at 36 weeks of pregnancy without any therapy. The other woman became LAC positive again after 1 year of remission, and experienced 2 more fetal losses. Two of the remaining LAC‐positive women received prednisolone and aspirin. Only 1 woman, whose ACA was suppressed by medication, delivered a healthy newborn. The pregnancy of the other woman, whose LAC and ACA remained positive in spite of medication, terminated in an IUFD.These results suggest that the administration of prednisolone and aspirin is the first choice of therapy for LAC‐positive women, and that encouraging such women to become pregnant while LAC is negative might be an alternative therapy.
Internal Iliac Artery Ligation in Obstetrics and Gynecology Ten Years Experience
Authors: Rajaram P. , Raghavan S. Soundara , Bupathy A. , Balasubramanian S. R. , Habeebullah S. , Umadevi P. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTwenty‐two cases of bilateral internal iliac artery ligation done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India over a period of 10 years (1981–1990) were studied. Various indications and complications were analysed. Internal iliac artery ligation is a life‐saving procedure in pelvic hemorrhage. Complications are infre‐quents.