bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phospholipase D Promotes Lipid Microdomain-Associated Signaling Events in Mast Cells
Authors: Lisboa Felipe A. , Peng Ze , Combs Christian A. , Beaven Michael A. 
Published: October 2009

Abstract
Initial IgE-dependent signaling events are associated with detergent-resistant membrane microdomains. Following Ag stimulation, the IgE-receptor (FcεRI) accumulates within these domains. This facilitates the phosphorylation of FcεRI subunits by the Src kinase, Lyn, and the interaction with adaptor proteins, such as the linker for activation of T cells. Among the phospholipases (PL) subsequently activated, PLD is of interest because of its presence in lipid microdomains and the possibility that its product, phosphatidic acid, may regulate signal transduction and membrane trafficking. We find that in Ag-stimulated RBL-2H3 mast cells, the association of FcεRI with detergent-resistant membrane fractions is inhibited by 1-butanol, which subverts production of phosphatidic acid to the biologically inert phosphatidylbutanol. Furthermore, the knockdown of PLD2, and to a lesser extent PLD1 with small inhibitory RNAs, also suppressed the accumulation of FcεRI and Lyn in these fractions as well as the phosphorylation of Src kinases, FcεRI, linker for activation of T cells, and degranulation. These effects were accompanied by changes in distribution of the lipid microdomain component, ganglioside 1, in the plasma membrane as determined by binding of fluorescent-tagged cholera toxin B subunit and confocal microscopy in live cells. Collectively, these findings suggest that PLD activity plays an important role in promoting IgE-dependent signaling events within lipid microdomains in mast cells.
Mineral‐based Composite Phase Change Materials Assembled into 3D Ordered Aerogels for Efficient Wearable Filtration and Thermal Management
Authors: Li Yihang , Zhao Xiaoguang , Tang Yili , Zuo Xiaochao , Yang Huaming 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe emerging concept of aerogel composite phase change materials (PCMs) represents a promising approach for thermal energy storage and utilization. However, the thermal storage aerogels currently reported usually lack essential aerogel properties, thereby constraining their potential for functional design and advanced applications. Herein, multifunctional thermal storage aerogels with aerogel characteristics and thermoregulation performance are prepared by chemically crosslinking and unidirectional freezing to make functionalized mineral‐based composite PCMs as cavity walls. Thanks to the cross–linked continuous skeleton and retained hierarchical porous, this novel thermal storage aerogel possesses an 89.7% porosity and demonstrates excellent resilience under 80% compression. As the PCMs in the cavity walls can convert phonon transport modes through phase transitions, the thermal storage aerogel has enhanced thermal insulation properties, reaching a thermal conductivity of 29.6 mW m−1 K−1. Drawing upon the multifunctional properties of thermal storage aerogels, it is demonstrated that thermal storage masks with thermal comfort and health protection, as well as passive thermal management wrist guards capable of harnessing solar radiation for temperature regulation. This work encompasses the exploration of novel approaches in developing advanced thermal management materials to cater to the diverse thermal regulation requirements of PCMs across various domains.
Strong Interaction between Titanium Carbonitride Embedded in Mesoporous Carbon Nanofibers and Pt Enables Durable Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Zhou Siwen , Bi Wentuan , Zhang Jujia , He Lijuan , Yu Yanghong , Wang Minghao , Yu XinXin , Xie Yi , Wu Changzheng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPlatinum (Pt) supported on high surface area carbon has been the most widely used electrocatalyst in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). However, conventional carbon supports are susceptible to corrosion at high potentials, leading to severe degradation of electrochemical performance. In this work, titanium carbonitride embedded in mesoporous carbon nanofibers (m‐TiCN NFs) are reported as a promising alternative to address this issue. Benefiting from the interpenetrating conductive pathways inside the one‐dimensional (1D) nanostructures and the embedded TiCN nanoparticles (NPs), m‐TiCN NFs exhibit excellent stability at high potentials and interact strongly with Pt NPs. Subsequently, m‐TiCN NFs‐supported Pt NPs deliver remarkably enhanced oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity and durability, with negligible activity decay and less than 5% loss of electrochemical surface area（ECSA） after 50 000 cycles. Moreover, the fuel cell assembled by this catalyst delivers a maximum power density of 1.22 W cm−2 and merely 3% loss after 30 000 cycles of accelerated durability tests under U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) protocols. The improved ORR activity and durability are attributed to the superior corrosion resistance of the m‐TiCN NF support and the strong interaction between Pt and m‐TiCN NFs.
Smart Nanoassembly Enabling Activatable NIR Fluorescence and ROS Generation with Enhanced Tumor Penetration for Imaging‐Guided Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Chen Siqin , Li Bowen , Yue Yifan , Li Zhiyao , Qiao Li , Qi Guobin , Ping Yuan , Liu Bin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFluorescence imaging‐guided photodynamic therapy (FIG‐PDT) holds promise for cancer treatment, yet challenges persist in poor imaging quality, phototoxicity, and insufficient anti‐tumor effect. Herein, a novel nanoplatform, LipoHPM, designed to address these challenges, is reported. This approach employs an acid‐sensitive amine linker to connect a biotin‐modified hydrophilic polymer (BiotinPEG) with a new hydrophobic photosensitizer (MBA), forming OFF‐state BiotinPEG‐MBA (PM) micelles via an aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) effect. These micelles are then co‐loaded with the tumor penetration enhancer hydralazine (HDZ) into pH‐sensitive liposomes (LipoHPM). Leveraging the ACQ effect, LipoHPM is silent in both fluorescence and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation during blood circulation but restores both properties upon disassembly. Following intravenous injection in tumor‐bearing mice, LipoHPM actively targets tumor cells overexpressing biotin‐receptors, contributing to enhanced tumor accumulation. Upon cellular internalization, LipoHPM disassembles within lysosomes, releasing HDZ to enhance tumor penetration and inhibit tumor metastasis. Concurrently, the micelles activate fluorescence for tumor imaging and boost the production of both type‐I and type‐II ROS for tumor eradication. Therefore, the smart LipoHPM synergistically integrates near‐infrared emission, activatable tumor imaging, robust ROS generation, efficient anti‐tumor and anti‐metastasis activity, successfully overcoming limitations of conventional photosensitizers and establishing itself as a promising nanoplatform for potent FIG‐PDT applications.
Semiconductor Membrane Exfoliation: Technology and Application
Authors: Chang Hongliang , Jia Yanqing , Park Tae‐Yong , Zhang Xu , Gan Qiaoqiang , Ma Zhenqiang , Ng Tien Khee , Ooi Boon S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFlexible semiconductor film‐based optoelectronic devices have garnered significant attention in emerging fields such as the Internet of Things (IoT), wearable devices, and smart healthcare due to their wide range of applications. It is challenging to directly grow the foundational materials of optoelectronic devices, specifically semiconductor thin film structures, on flexible substrates. Instead, they are typically fabricated on conventional rigid thick semiconductor substrates. Consequently, the exfoliation and transfer of epitaxial semiconductor thin film structures onto substrates constitute pivotal steps in the production of flexible optoelectronic devices. The integration of hard inorganic semiconductor materials with flexible substrates offers a solution to the limitations of rigidity and brittleness associated with conventional optoelectronic devices and can be used to address challenges from design to manufacturing. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the working principles and recent advances of various techniques aimed at achieving the membrane exfoliation and transfer of semiconductor structures on conventional rigid substrates. It also reviews the possible applications of the transferred membrane in a variety of optoelectronic devices. Finally, it offers insights into the potential of high‐end semiconductor manufacturing and flexible semiconductor devices to play a critical role in advancing next‐generation optoelectronics technologies.
Australian women's motherhood aspirations: I've always wanted to be a mum. But at the same time, I wanted the career and everything too
Authors: Bugden Megan , McKenzie Hayley , Hanna Lisa , Graham Melissa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTo better understand the discrepancy between women's motherhood aspirations and outcomes, this study explored the impact of socio‐cultural structures of gender. Taking a qualitative phenomenological approach, interviews were conducted with 24 Victorian women aged between 25 and 45 years. Three themes resulted from data analysis, reflecting the meaning women gave to their lived experiences: Motherhood is central to womanhood; motherhood ambivalence; and the tension of navigating motherhood and career aspirations. Most women aspired to be valued as women who could balance motherhood with a rewarding career. However, hegemonic gender, particularly in the workplace, continues to ensure that these roles remain incompatible, forcing women to anticipate career pauses, changes and/or absences. Overall, these themes demonstrated how socio‐cultural structures of hegemonic gender continue to shape women's lived experiences of gender inequality and constrain their ability to achieve their aspirations for their future lives.
Hijacking a rapid and scalable metagenomic method reveals subgenome dynamics and evolution in polyploid plants
Authors: Reynolds Gillian , Mumey Brendan , Strnadova‐Neeley Veronika , Lachowiec Jennifer 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPremiseThe genomes of polyploid plants archive the evolutionary events leading to their present forms. However, plant polyploid genomes present numerous hurdles to the genome comparison algorithms for classification of polyploid types and exploring genome dynamics.MethodsHere, the problem of intra‐ and inter‐genome comparison for examining polyploid genomes is reframed as a metagenomic problem, enabling the use of the rapid and scalable MinHashing approach. To determine how types of polyploidy are described by this metagenomic approach, plant genomes were examined from across the polyploid spectrum for both k‐mer composition and frequency with a range of k‐mer sizes. In this approach, no subgenome‐specific k‐mers are identified; rather, whole‐chromosome k‐mer subspaces were utilized.ResultsGiven chromosome‐scale genome assemblies with sufficient subgenome‐specific repetitive element content, literature‐verified subgenomic and genomic evolutionary relationships were revealed, including distinguishing auto‐ from allopolyploidy and putative progenitor genome assignment. The sequences responsible were the rapidly evolving landscape of transposable elements. An investigation into the MinHashing parameters revealed that the downsampled k‐mer space (genomic signatures) produced excellent approximations of sequence similarity. Furthermore, the clustering approach used for comparison of the genomic signatures is scrutinized to ensure applicability of the metagenomics‐based method.DiscussionThe easily implementable and highly computationally efficient MinHashing‐based sequence comparison strategy enables comparative subgenomics and genomics for large and complex polyploid plant genomes. Such comparisons provide evidence for polyploidy‐type subgenomic assignments. In cases where subgenome‐specific repeat signal may not be adequate given a chromosomes' global k‐mer profile, alternative methods that are more specific but more computationally complex outperform this approach.
Discovery of N,N'‐diarylurea molecules with activity against multidrug‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Yeo Hui‐Hui , Jao Yu‐Hsuan , Yang Fan‐Wei , Kuo Min‐Hsuan , Lee Meng‐Hsuan , Shiau Chung‐Wei , Chiu Hao‐Chieh , Su Jung‐Chen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe emergence and global spread of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pose a serious threat to public health, underscoring the urgent need for novel antibacterial interventions. Here, we screened 18 newly synthesized N,N’‐diarylurea derivatives to identify compounds with activity against MRSA. Our investigations led to the discovery of a small molecule, SCB‐24, which exhibited promising antimicrobial activity against MRSA USA300. Notably, SCB‐24 demonstrated high activity even in the presence of 10% fetal bovine serum and showed excellent selectivity for bacterial over mammalian cells. SCB‐24 also showed potent activity against various MRSA strains, including those resistant to second‐ and third‐line antibiotics. Importantly, the efficacy of SCB‐24 was inferior to that of vancomycin in MRSA‐infected Galleria mellonella larvae. Overall, our findings suggest that SCB‐24 has great potential as a new therapeutic for multidrug‐resistant S. aureus infections.
A case study on the stability of a big underground powerhouse cavern cut by an interlayer shear zone in the China Baihetan hydropower plant
Authors: Zou Lifang , Meng Guotao , Wu Jiayao , Fu Wei , Chu Weijiang , Xu Weiya 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe big underground powerhouse cavern of the China Baihetan hydropower plant is 438 m long, 34 m wide, and 88.7 m high. It is cut by a weak interlayer shear zone and its high sidewall poses a huge stability problem. This paper reports our successful solution of this problem through numerical simulations and a replacement‐tunnel scheme in the detailed design stage and close site monitoring in the excavation stage. Particularly, in the detail design stage, mechanical parameters of the shear zone were carefully determined through laboratory experiments and site tests. Then, deformation of the surrounding rocks and the shear zone under high in situ stress conditions was predicted using 3 Dimensional Distinct Element Code (3DEC). Subsequently, a replacement‐tunnel scheme was proposed for the treatment on the shear zone to prevent severe unloading relaxation of surrounding rocks. In the construction period, excavation responses were closely monitored on deformations of surrounding rocks and the shear zone. The effect of local cracking in the replacement tunnels on sidewall stability was evaluated using the strength reduction method. These monitoring results were compared with the predicted numerical simulation in the detailed design stage. It is found that the shear zone greatly modified the deformation mode of the cavern surrounding rocks. Without any treatment, rock mass deformation on the downstream sidewall was larger than 125 mm and the shearing deformation of the shear zone was 60–70 mm. These preset replacement tunnels can reduce not only the unloading and relaxation of rock masses but also the maximum shearing deformation of the shear zone by 10–20 mm. The predictions by numerical simulation were in good agreement with the monitoring results. The proposed tunnel‐replacement scheme can not only restrain the shear zone deformation but also enhance the safety of surrounding rocks and concrete tunnels. This design procedure offers a good reference for interaction between a big underground cavern and a weak layer zone in the future.
Identifying somatic fingerprints of cancers defined by germline and environmental risk factors
Authors: Chakraborty Saptarshi , Guan Zoe , Kostrzewa Caroline E. , Shen Ronglai , Begg Colin B. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNumerous studies over the past generation have identified germline variants that increase specific cancer risks. Simultaneously, a revolution in sequencing technology has permitted high‐throughput annotations of somatic genomes characterizing individual tumors. However, examining the relationship between germline variants and somatic alteration patterns is hugely challenged by the large numbers of variants in a typical tumor, the rarity of most individual variants, and the heterogeneity of tumor somatic fingerprints. In this article, we propose statistical methodology that frames the investigation of germline‐somatic relationships in an interpretable manner. The method uses meta‐features embodying biological contexts of individual somatic alterations to implicitly group rare mutations. Our team has used this technique previously through a multilevel regression model to diagnose with high accuracy tumor site of origin. Herein, we further leverage topic models from computational linguistics to achieve interpretable lower‐dimensional embeddings of the meta‐features. We demonstrate how the method can identify distinctive somatic profiles linked to specific germline variants or environmental risk factors. We illustrate the method using The Cancer Genome Atlas whole‐exome sequencing data to characterize somatic tumor fingerprints in breast cancer patients with germline BRCA1/2 mutations and in head and neck cancer patients exposed to human papillomavirus.
Associating Knee Osteoarthritis Progression with Temporal‐Regional Graph Convolutional Network Analysis on MR Images
Authors: Hu Jiaping , Peng Junyi , Zhou Zidong , Zhao Tianyun , Zhong Lijie , Yu Keyan , Jiang Kexin , Lau Tzak Sing , Huang Chuan , Lu Lijun , Zhang Xiaodong 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundArtificial intelligence shows promise in assessing knee osteoarthritis (OA) progression on MR images, but faces challenges in accuracy and interpretability.PurposeTo introduce a temporal‐regional graph convolutional network (TRGCN) on MR images to study the association between knee OA progression status and network outcome.Study TypeRetrospective.Population194 OA progressors (mean age, 62 ± 9 years) and 406 controls (mean age, 61 ± 9 years) from the OA Initiative were randomly divided into training (80%) and testing (20%) cohorts.Field Strength/SequenceSagittal 2D IW‐TSE‐FS (IW) and 3D‐DESS‐WE (DESS) at 3T.AssessmentAnatomical subregions of cartilage, subchondral bone, meniscus, and the infrapatellar fat pad at baseline, 12‐month, and 24‐month were automatically segmented and served as inputs to form compartment‐based graphs for a TRGCN model, which containing both regional and temporal information. The performance of models based on (i) clinical variables alone, (ii) radiologist score alone, (iii) combined features (containing i and ii), (iv) composite TRGCN (combining TRGCN, i and ii), (v) radiomics features, (vi) convolutional neural network based on Densenet‐169 were compared.Statistical TestsDeLong test was performed to compare the areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of all models. Additionally, interpretability analysis was done to evaluate the contributions of individual regions. A P value <0.05 was considered significant.ResultsThe composite TRGCN outperformed all other models with AUCs of 0.841 (DESS) and 0.856 (IW) in the testing cohort (all P < 0.05). Interpretability analysis highlighted cartilage's importance over other structures (42%–45%), tibiofemoral joint's (TFJ) dominance over patellofemoral joint (PFJ) (58%–67% vs. 12%–37%), and importance scores changes in compartments over time (TFJ vs. PFJ: baseline: 44% vs. 43%, 12‐month: 52% vs. 39%, 24‐month: 31% vs. 48%).Data ConclusionThe composite TRGCN, capturing temporal and regional information, demonstrated superior discriminative ability compared with other methods, providing interpretable insights for identifying knee OA progression.Level of Evidence4.Technical EfficacyStage 2.
Differential influence of quadriceps rate of torque development on single‐ and double‐leg landing mechanics in anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed and control females
Authors: Huang Yu‐Lun , Mulligan Colin M. S. , Johnson Samuel T. , Pollard Christine D. , Hannigan Kim , Stutzenberger Lyndsay , Norcross Marc F. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeThe capacity to explosively contract quadriceps within the critical timeframe associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, quantified by the rate of torque development, is potentially essential for safe landing mechanics. This study aimed to investigate the influence of explosive quadriceps strength on ACL‐related sagittal‐plane landing mechanics in females with and without ACL reconstruction (ACLR).MethodsQuadriceps explosive strength and landing mechanics were assessed in 19 ACLR and 19 control females during isometric contractions and double‐ and single‐leg jump landings. A stepwise multiple linear regression model determined the variance in each of the landing biomechanics variables for the ACLR limb and nondominant limb of controls that could be explained by the group, rate of torque development and/or their interaction. If peak kinetic variables could be predicted by the rate of torque development or interaction, additional analyses were conducted, accounting for knee flexion as a covariate in the regression model.ResultsDuring single‐leg landings, ACLR females exhibited greater knee flexion at initial contact than controls (p = 0.04). Greater quadriceps rate of torque development predicted higher peak posterior ground reaction force and anterior tibial shear force in both groups (p = 0.04). However, after controlling for knee flexion angle at those peak forces, quadriceps rate of torque development was not predictive. In double‐leg landings, greater explosive quadriceps strength was associated with quicker attainment of peak knee extension moment and posterior ground reaction force in the ACLR limb (p = 0.03).ConclusionRegardless of ACL injury status, females with greater explosive quadriceps strength adopted safer single‐leg landings through increased knee flexion, potentially mitigating ACL loading despite encountering higher peak forces. During double‐leg landings, a greater explosive quadriceps strength of the ACLR limb is associated with faster achievement of peak force upon landing. Incorporating explosive quadriceps strengthening into post‐ACLR rehabilitation and injury prevention programmes may enhance landing mechanics for reducing primary and subsequent ACL injury risks.Level of EvidenceLevel II.