bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival in incident and prevalent cohorts of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Humbert M. , Sitbon O. , Yaïci A. , Montani D. , O'Callaghan D.S. , Jaïs X. , Parent F. , Savale L. , Natali D. , Günther S. , Chaouat A. , Chabot F. , Cordier J-F. , Habib G. , Gressin V. , Jing Z-C. , Souza R. , Simonneau G. 
Published: June 2010

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive, fatal disease.We studied 674 consecutive adult patients who were prospectively enrolled in the French PAH registry (121 incident and 553 prevalent cases). Two survival analyses were performed. First, the cohort of 674 patients was followed for 3 yrs after study entry and survival rates described. Then, we focused on the subset with incident idiopathic, familial and anorexigen-associated PAH (n = 56) combined with prevalent patients who were diagnosed <3 yrs prior to study entry (n = 134).In the cohort of 674 patients, 1-, 2-, and 3-yr survival rates were 87% (95% CI 84–90), 76% (95% CI 73–80), and 67% (95% CI 63–71), respectively. In prevalent idiopathic, familial and anorexigen-associated PAH, 1-, 2-, and 3-yr survival rates were higher than in incident patients (p = 0.037). In the combined cohort of patients with idiopathic, familial and anorexigen-associated PAH, multivariable analysis showed that survival could be estimated by means of a novel risk-prediction equation using patient sex, 6-min walk distance, and cardiac output at diagnosis.This study highlights survivor bias in prevalent cohorts of PAH patients. Survival of idiopathic, familial and anorexigen-associated PAH can be characterised by means of a novel risk-prediction equation using patients' characteristics at diagnosis.
The Src inhibitor dasatinib accelerates the differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells into osteoblasts
Authors: Id Boufker Hichame , Lagneaux Laurence , Najar Mehdi , Piccart Martine , Ghanem Ghanem , Body Jean-Jacques , Journé Fabrice 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Background
The proto-oncogene Src is an important non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase involved in signaling pathways that control cell adhesion, growth, migration and differentiation. It negatively regulates osteoblast activity, and, as such, its inhibition is a potential means to prevent bone loss. Dasatinib is a new dual Src/Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor initially developed for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia. It has also shown promising results in preclinical studies in various solid tumors. However, its effects on the differentiation of human osteoblasts have never been examined.

Methods
We evaluated the effects of dasatinib on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) differentiation into osteoblasts, in the presence or absence of a mixture of dexamethasone, ascorbic acid and β-glycerophosphate (DAG) for up to 21 days. The differentiation kinetics was assessed by evaluating mineralization of the extracellular matrix, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and expression of osteoblastic markers (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand [RANKL], bone sialoprotein [BSP], osteopontin [OPN]).

Results
Dasatinib significantly increased the activity of ALP and the level of calcium deposition in MSC cultured with DAG after, respectively, 7 and 14 days; it upregulated the expression of BSP and OPN genes independently of DAG; and it markedly downregulated the expression of RANKL gene and protein (decrease in RANKL/OPG ratio), the key factor that stimulates osteoclast differentiation and activity.

Conclusions
Our results suggest a dual role for dasatinib in both (i) stimulating osteoblast differentiation leading to a direct increase in bone formation, and (ii) downregulating RANKL synthesis by osteoblasts leading to an indirect inhibition of osteoclastogenesis. Thus, dasatinib is a potentially interesting candidate drug for the treatment of osteolysis through its dual effect on bone metabolism.
14-3-3epsiloncontributes to tumour suppression in laryngeal carcinoma by affecting apoptosis and invasion
Authors: Che Xing-Hua , Chen Hong , Xu Zhen-Ming , Shang Chao , Sun Kai-Lai , Fu Wei-Neng 
Published: June 2010

Abstract

Background
14-3-3epsilon regulates a wide range of biological processes, including cell cycle control, proliferation, and apoptosis, and plays a significant role in neurogenesis and the formation of malignant tumours. However, the exact function and regulatory mechanism of 14-3-3epsilon in carcinogenesis have not been elucidated.

Methods
The expression of 14-3-3epsilon was assessed by RT-PCR and western blotting. The invasiveness and viability of Hep-2 cells were determined by the transwell migration assay and MTT assay, respectively. Cell cycle and apoptosis of Hep-2 cells were detected by flow cytometry.

Results
The mRNA and protein expression of 14-3-3epsilon in larynx squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) tissues were significantly lower than those in clear surgical margin tissues. Statistical analysis showed that the 14-3-3epsilon protein level in metastatic lymph nodes was lower than that in paired tumour tissues. In addition, the protein level of 14-3-3epsilon in stage III or IV tumours was significantly lower than that in stage I or II tumours. Compared with control Hep-2 cells, the percentages of viable cells in the 14-3-3epsilon-GFP and negative control GFP groups were 36.68 ± 14.09% and 71.68 ± 12.10%, respectively. The proportions of S phase were 22.47 ± 3.36%, 28.17 ± 3.97% and 46.15 ± 6.82%, and the apoptotic sub-G1 populations were 1.23 ± 1.02%, 2.92 ± 1.59% and 13.72 ± 3.89% in the control, negative control GFP and 14-3-3epsilon-GFP groups, respectively. The percentages of the apoptotic cells were 0.84 ± 0.25%, 1.08 ± 0.24% and 2.93 ± 0.13% in the control, negative control GFP and 14-3-3epsilon-GFP groups, respectively. The numbers of cells that penetrated the filter membrane in the control, negative control GFP and 14-3-3epsilon-GFP groups were 20.65 ± 1.94, 17.63 ± 1.04 and 9.1 ± 0.24, respectively, indicating significant differences among the different groups.

Conclusions
Decreased expression of 14-3-3epsilon in LSCC tissues contributes to the initiation and progression of LSCC. 14-3-3epsilon can promote apoptosis and inhibit the invasiveness of LSCC.
Increasing uptake of colorectal cancer screening in Korea: a population-based study
Authors: Choi Kui Son , Jun Jae Kwan , Lee Hoo-Yeon , Hahm Myung-Il , Oh Jae Hwan , Park Eun-Cheol 
Published: June 2010

Abstract

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates are low in most Asian countries and remain largely unknown. This study examined trends in CRC screening rates after the introduction of the Korean National Cancer Screening Programme (NCSP) and determined the factors associated with uptake of CRC screening by test modality over time.

Methods
An annual population-based survey conducted through nationally representative random sampling from 2005-2008. In total, 3,699 participants from the 2005-2008 surveys were selected as study subjects. Face-to-face interviews were performed to assess the utilization rate of CRC screening by each screening modality.

Results
Overall, CRC screening within the recommended time interval increased significantly from 22.9% in 2005 to 36.6% in 2008 (p < 0.001). The proportion of subjects receiving a fecal occult blood test (FOBT) test within the previous year increased significantly from 7.2% in 2005 to 21.3% in 2008 (p < 0.001). Increases in FOBT testing were highest among those who had a lower income status (relative difference = 511.9%) and women (relative difference = 266.1%). Endoscopy use also increased from 18.0% in 2005 to 20.5% in 2008, albeit not significant. Overall, those who were male, non-smokers, 60-69 years old, and had a higher income status were more likely to have undergone up-to-date endoscopy and CRC screening.

Conclusions
This study revealed a substantial increase in up-to-date CRC screening in the general population from 2005 to 2008. However, more than half of adults in Korea are still not up-to-date with their CRC tests. It will be important to continue to investigate factors associated with up-to-date CRC screening by each modality.
An exploratory survey of money boys and HIV transmission risk in Jilin Province, PR China
Authors: Meng Xiangdong , Anderson Allen F , Wang Lu , Li Zhihe , Guo Wei , Lee Zixuan , Jin Huixin , Cai Yong 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
This report represents the first exploratory study of Chinese men who provide commercial sex services to other men ("money boys") in Jilin Province, People's Republic of China, through a convenience sample drawn from Changchun and Jilin City. A total of 86 active money boy participants (Changchun, n = 49; Jilin City, n = 37) were surveyed concerning background and demographics, basic HIV transmission knowledge, and sexual practices. The survey indicated that while Jilin Province money boy behavior matches other studies concerning propensity to high risk behavior and significant bridging potential, the Jilin money boys, unlike previous studies, exhibited a high level of basic HIV/AIDS transmission knowledge. In spite of this level of knowledge, none of the participants reported always using a condom in their sexual activities. They also exhibited a high level of awareness of voluntary counseling and testing available in the province, yet relatively few had availed themselves of these services. These preliminary findings will be used as a baseline and springboard for continuing study in the Jilin Province money boy community. Even now, however, it is becoming clear that the dynamics of male commercial sex work may vary greatly depending upon local influences, and will necessitate that future interventions are highly tailored to area-specific circumstances.
Immunohistochemical evaluation of inflammatory and proliferative markers in adjacent normal thyroid tissue in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy: results of a preliminary study
Authors: Ardito Guglielmo , Revelli Luca , Boninsegna Alma , Sgambato Alessandro , Moschella Francesca , Marzola Maria Cristina , Giustozzi Erica , Avenia Nicola , Castelli Mauro , Rubello Domenico 
Published: June 2010

Abstract

Background
Total thyroidectomy is the treatment of choice in the majority of thyroid malignancies, preventing the risk of reoperative surgery due to recurrences. In order to assess the usefulness of such an approach, expression levels of inflammatory and proliferative markers were evaluated immunohistochemically in non-lesional adjacent thyroid tissues from a group of patients who underwent total thyroidectomy for different thyroid diseases.

Methods
Nineteen consecutive patients treated by total thyroidectomy for different thyroid diseases entered the study. IL-6Rb gp130 component of the IL-6 cytokine family members receptor complexes, STAT3 cytokine signalling transduction and transcription activation factor, p53 as tumour suppressor and CK19 cytokeratin as proliferation marker were analyzed in non-lesional thyroid tissues.

Results
Gp 130 expression was detected in all tissue samples with a scattered distribution while STAT3 and p53 positivity was observed in 17 out of 19 patients with a prevailing cytoplasmic localization. Cytokeratin 19 positivity was found in patients with papillary carcinoma, in one case of follicular adenoma, 3 multinodular goiters and one Basedow disease.

Conclusion
Based on the results of this preliminary study, it may be concluded that the presence of a persisting cytokine-mediated activation associated with cytoplasmic localization of p53 is frequently observed in different thyroid diseases. Such a process seems to occur in the thyroid gland as a whole. Moreover, STAT3 activation as well as mutant p53 are risk factors for the development of neoplastic diseases. Total thyroidectomy may be supported as an adequate therapeutic approach for all the patients in whom overexpression of cytokine-dependent markers is detected.
Electrochemically Controlled Self-assembly of Lipophilic FeII 1,2,4-Triazole Complexes in Chloroform
Authors: Kuroiwa Keita , Kimizuka Nobuo 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Self-assembly of lipophilic, linear FeII 1,2,4-triazole complexes is electrochemically controllable in organic media. The FeII complex with chloride counter ion forms gel-like networks in chloroform, which undergoes reversible disassembly upon oxidation of FeII centers to FeIII species. Counter ions play crucial roles in the electrochemical response of coordination nanowires.
Jejunal perforation caused by schistosomiasis
Authors: Singh Naorem Gopendro , Mannan Abul Ala Syed Rifat , Kahvic Mirza , Alanzi Farhan MN 
Published: June 2010

Summary We report an extremely unusual case of jejunal perforation caused by adult schistosoma worm in a 49-year-old South Korean man who presented with acute abdomen. To our knowledge, this is the first case of jejunal perforation associated with adult worm of schistosoma.
A comparison of two regimens of misoprostol for second trimester medical termination of pregnancy: a randomized trial
Authors: Chaudhuri Snehamay , Banerjee Pradip Kumar , Mundle Malay , Mitra Sankar Nath 
Published: June 2010

Summary The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and side-effects of two regimens of vaginal misoprostol for second trimester voluntary medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) according to the MTP Act of India. A randomized trial was conducted in 185 women from January 2007 to September 2008. Women in group 1 were given vaginal misoprostol 400 μg every 6 h for a maximum of four doses. Women in group 2 were given vaginal misoprostol 400 μg every 12 h for a maximum of four doses. Our primary outcome measure was induction abortion interval. Secondary outcome measures were success rate, side-effects and completeness of procedure. Results were calculated applying Fisher's exact test, chi-square test, Z test and calculating the P value using an alpha level of 0.05 for Type I error. The mean induction abortion interval in group 1 (12.59 h) was significantly shorter ( P <0.001) than that in the group 2 (16.41h). The percentage of women who achieved successful abortion within 12 h in group 1 (56.52%) was also significantly higher ( P = 0.00005) than that in group 2 (25.80%). The incidence of side-effects was comparable and not clinically serious. It is concluded that the regimen of vaginal misoprostol 400 μg every 6 h was more effective than the regimen of misoprostol every 12 h in medical termination of second trimester pregnancy.
Rapid Detection of Reassortment of Pandemic H1N1/2009 Influenza Virus
Authors: Poon Leo L M , Mak Polly W Y , Li Olive T W , Chan Kwok Hung , Cheung Chung Lam , Ma Edward S , Yen Hui-Ling , Vijaykrishna Dhanasekaran , Guan Yi , Peiris J S Malik 
Published: June 2010

BACKGROUND
Influenza viruses can generate novel reassortants in coinfected cells. The global circulation and occasional introductions of pandemic H1N1/2009 virus in humans and in pigs, respectively, may allow this virus to reassort with other influenza viruses. These possible reassortment events might alter virulence and/or transmissibility of the new reassortants. Investigations to detect such possible reassortants should be included as a part of pandemic influenza surveillance plans.

METHODS
We established a real-time reverse-transcription (RT)-PCR–based strategy for the detection of reassortment of pandemic H1N1/2009 virus. Singleplex SYBR green–based RT-PCR assays specific for each gene segment of pandemic H1N1/2009 were developed. These assays were evaluated with influenza viruses of various genetic backgrounds.

RESULTS
All human pandemic H1N1 (n = 27) and all seasonal human (n = 58) isolates were positive and negative, respectively, for all 8 segments. Of 48 swine influenza viruses isolated from our ongoing surveillance program of influenza viruses in swine, 10 were positive in all reactions. All 8 viral segments of these 10 samples were confirmed to be of pandemic H1N1 origin, indicating that these were caused by zoonotic transmissions from human to pigs. The 38 swine viruses that were nonpandemic H1N1/2009 had 1–6 gene segments positive in the tests. Further characterization of these nonpandemic H1N1/2009 swine viruses indicated that these PCR-positive genes were the precursor genes of the pandemic H1N1/2009 virus.

CONCLUSIONS
Our results demonstrated that these assays can detect reintroductions of pandemic H1N1/2009 virus in pigs. These assays might be useful screening tools for identifying viral reassortants derived from pandemic H1N1/2009 or its precursors.
Digital switchover in Hungary: achievements and challenges
Authors: Rozgonyi Krisztina , Lengyel Mrk 
Published: June 2010

In Hungary, the run-up to digital switchover started in March 2007 with the adoption of a government strategy. Since then, the tendering process for the rights to use the frequencies needed for digital terrestrial broadcast distribution has been completed and DTT services have been
launched. Digitization also gained ground in other platforms and by now, more than half of Hungarian households have gone digital.
The article starts with an overview of the status of the Hungarian media market as at the beginning of the switchover. Then comes an analysis of the measures
taken by legislation and the regulator to accelerate the switchover process, followed by a presentation of the main regulatory issues still to be addressed by Hungary in order to be able to complete the analogue switch-off smoothly and without any major social or market failures.
Due to
constitutional reasons, Hungarian regulators could use the tools related to media policy and media law only to a limited extent for the support of the switchover. Consequently, the main regulatory burden fell on the telecommunications regulation. The article concludes that telecoms regulation
cannot be a full substitute for media regulation in this regard, with national regulations having to find a balance between the two approaches in order to secure the optimal outcome of digital switchover.
Analysis of Impact of Various Factors on Downwind Deposition Using a Simulation Method
Authors: Huang Y. , Zhan W. , Fritz B. , Thomson S. , Fang A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe drift of aerially applied crop protection and production materials is studied using a novel simulation-based design of experiments approach. Many factors that can potentially contribute to downwind deposition from aerial spray application are considered. This new approach can provide valuable information about the significant level of the impact from all factors and interactions among them that affect drift using simulation software such as AGDISP. The application efficiency, the total downwind drift, the cumulative downwind deposition between 30.48 m (100 ft) and 45.72 m (150 ft), and the deposition at 30.48 m (100 ft), 76.2 m (250 ft), and 152.4 m (500 ft) are established as the performance metrics. The most significant factors will be identified using statistical analysis based on simulation results, and suggestions for improvement will be made. Through preliminary study, the new simulation-based method has shown the potential for statistic analysis without conducting time-consuming field experiments. The new method can be used to search for the optimal spray conditions, which could be used to generate guidelines for applicators to achieve an optimal spray result. The effective use of simulation tool through the identification of significant factors can greatly simplify the field study.
Measuring Workplace Bullying: Reliability and Validity of the Japanese Version of the Negative Acts Questionnaire
Authors: Tsuno Kanami , Kawakami Norito , Inoue Akiomi , Abe Kiyoko 
Published: June 2010

Measuring Workplace Bullying: Reliability and Validity of the Japanese Version of the Negative Acts Questionnaire: Kanami Tsuno, et al. Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceObjectivesWorkplace bullying is increasingly being recognized as a serious problem within the work environment. Previous studies in European countries have reported the prevalence of workplace bullying and its association with poor mental health, using the Negative Acts Questionnaire‐Revised (NAQ‐R: Einarsen & Hoel, 2001), but there have been very few studies in Japan. The authors translated the 22‐item NAQ‐R into the Japanese language and examined the internal consistency reliability and concurrent and construct validity, including factor‐based validity, of this scale in a sample of Japanese civil servants.MethodsA total of 830 males and 796 females were surveyed, using anonymous questionnaires including the NAQ‐R, Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror (LIPT), and scales for interpersonal relations at work and psychological distress (response rate, 46.7%).ResultsCronbach's alpha coefficients of the internal consistency reliability of the NAQ‐R were high (0.91–0.95) for males and females. Workplace bullying measured by the NAQ‐R was strongly associated with that measured by the LIPT and other scales on workplace bullying. The NAQ‐R was associated with high psychological distress, high intragroup and intergroup conflict, low supervisor and coworker support, and low interactional justice, as expected. Although three factors were extracted, this findings differed slightly from the factor structure previously reported (Einarsen et al., 2009). However, Factor 1 explained most of the variance, indicating that a one factor structure fitted the data better.ConclusionThe present study showed acceptable levels of reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the NAQ‐R among Japanese civil servants.
Managing Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea stoebe)–Infested Rangeland after Wildfire
Authors: Pokorny Monica L. , Mangold Jane M. , Hafer James , Denny M. Kirk 
Published: June 2010

AbstractInvasive plants need to be managed after wildfire to suppress the invasive plant and to maintain or restore a desired plant community. Our study tested treatments that influence species availability and performance following a disturbance (wildfire). The overall objective was to determine the ability of herbicide and revegetation treatments to restore spotted knapweed–infested areas to desired plant communities after wildfire. The study consisted of a factorial combination of three herbicide application treatments (broadcast application, spot application, and no herbicide) and three seed mixture treatments (grass-only seed mix, a grass and forb seed mix, no seeding). Picloram was used for the herbicide. Both the broadcast and spot picloram application methods decreased spotted knapweed cover and density up to 80% while increasing desired grass cover and density up to 20% compared with the control. However, broadcast spraying picloram decreased species richness from 5.7 to 3.6 species 0.1 m−2 and decreased desired forb density and cover compared with spot-applied picloram treatment. Spot spraying resulted in an increase in other undesired forbs compared with broadcast spraying. Seeding with desired species had no effect on spotted knapweed cover or density. Spot spraying may help maintain desired species richness while managing spotted knapweed.