bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on wireless precise nerve electrical stimulation method based on liquid metal
Authors: Wang Yuheng , Lin Junjie , Zhu Kai , Nie Yuhui , Wang Mengyuan , Ma Xiaoxu , Liu Xu , Wang Ruru , Mai Wenshu , Chu Fangxuan , Liu Ruixu , Wu Jiankang , Jin Jingna , Zhou Xiaoqing , Ma Ren , Wang Xin , Yin Tao , Liu Zhipeng , Zhang Shunqi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Neural electrical stimulation is a crucial technique for treating central nervous system and peripheral nervous system disorders. However, the use of invasive electrodes presents risks such as high implantation risk, mechanical stress, electrical connection requirements, power supply difficulties. On the other hand, non-invasive magnetic stimulation has limitations such as centimeter-level focal areas and shallow stimulation depth.
Methods
To overcome these challenges, we propose a minimally invasive approach that involves the injection of a highly conductive, flexible liquid metal (LM) combined with an 8-shaped magnetic stimulation coil (8-coil). This combination aims to enhance the precision and effectiveness of wireless electrical stimulation. An electric field measurement platform was established, and the efficacy of this method was validated through stimulation of the sciatic nerve in mice.
Results
Theoretical analysis and finite element simulations demonstrated that the combination of LM and 8-coil produces a millimeter-scale enhanced vector electric field within tissues. The actual measured electric field distribution closely aligned with theoretical and simulated outcomes. In experiments involving mouse sciatic nerves, 1 μL of LM in a 0.45 T magnetic field significantly increased electromyographic signals and leg movement amplitude by 500%, with no adverse reactions observed.
Conclusions
This method utilizes focused electric fields to improve the precision and effectiveness of neuro-electromagnetic stimulation. It holds promise as a novel approach for precise electrical stimulation.
Transient Exposure of Humans to Animal Trypanosomes in Communities Highly Exposed to Tsetse Fly Bite
Authors: Addo Kofi Agyapong , Tweneboah Austine , Addison Thomas Kwame , Mahamat Ibrahim Alhadj Moussa , Antwi Kwasi Baako , Afriyie Stephen Opoku , Boampong Kwadwo , Glover Matthew Addo , Berger Petre , Kelm Soerge , Badu Kingsley 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Case reports of some Trypanosomes (Trypanosoma congolense, Trypanosoma evansi, Trypanosoma brucei brucei, and Trypanosoma vivax) thought to be natural parasites only to animals have been reported to cause “atypical human trypanosomiasis” (a-HT). This study therefore aimed to provide molecular-based evidence of the circulation of animal trypanosome ITS1 DNA in asymptomatic Ghanaian individuals.
A cross-sectional community-based study design was used to collect venous blood and urine samples from 240 human participants. PCR assays were performed targeting Trypanosoma Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 (ITS1) and human apolipoprotein genes. Amplicons were purified and subcloned. Transformed cells were confirmed by PCR. Positive clones were cultured overnight, purified and sequenced.
The overall rate of positive tests for trypanosome ITS1 DNA detection was 15.8% (38/240). The highest percentage of trypanosome ITS1 DNA detected (19.2%) was recorded for Zorh, followed by Nkatenkwan (17.9%). Trypanosome parasites found in this study area were Trypanozoon, T. congolense, T. vivaxand T. simiae. There were no mutations in codons 142 or 266 of the ApoL-1 gene in the trypanosome ITS1 DNA-positive subjects.
There is a high rate of trypanosome ITS1 DNA detection among humans in the study area. This underscores the need to investigate the impact of animal parasites on human health.
Baseline data and recommendations to decrease the introduction and spread of invasive non-native species in federal and state protected areas in Brazil
Authors: Figueiredo Ana Luiza Castelo Branco , Futada Silvia de Melo , de Lima Renato Fiacador , Pacheco Pablo , Parra Lilian Bulbarelli , Puechagut Patricia Beatriz , de Siqueira Carlos Eduardo , Dechoum Michele de Sá 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The number of invasive non-native species (INNS) has been increasing in Brazilian protected areas (PAs) in the last decades, even though Brazil is close to reaching the Global Biodiversity Framework Target of having at least 30% of the territory conserved in PAs. The main aim of our study is to identify spatial patterns and factors that describe the number of INNS in federal and state protected areas in Brazil. We integrated and standardized three sources of occurrences of INNS in federal and state PAs with a new database built for this study based on occurrences reported in 424 management plans (MP). A generalized linear model was used to assess the factors that best describe the number of INNS in PA using biome, year of PA creation, PA area, PA group, and PA category as fixed effects. We compiled 5,631 occurrences of 150 invasive animals, 179 invasive plants, four ferns, three protists, one alga, and one bryophyte. Protected areas with the highest number of INNS are concentrated along the coast, in the Atlantic Forest biome, especially in the south and southeast of Brazil. Biome, PA category, and PA year of creation were the most important variables in the model. We expect our results to show the magnitude of biological invasions in Brazilian PAs and we provide baseline data and recommendations to be used as reference for the development of policies and management actions at regional and local levels, thus contributing to the achievement of KMGBF targets.
Time synchronisation for millisecond-precision on bio-loggers
Authors: Wild Timm A. , Wilbs Georg , Dechmann Dina , Kohles Jenna E. , Linek Nils , Mattingly Sierra , Richter Nina , Sfenthourakis Spyros , Nicolaou Haris , Erotokritou Elena , Wikelski Martin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Time-synchronised data streams from bio-loggers are becoming increasingly important for analysing and interpreting intricate animal behaviour including split-second decision making, group dynamics, and collective responses to environmental conditions. With the increased use of AI-based approaches for behaviour classification, time synchronisation between recording systems is becoming an essential challenge. Current solutions in bio-logging rely on manually removing time errors during post processing, which is complex and typically does not achieve sub-second timing accuracies. We first introduce an error model to quantify time errors, then optimise three wireless methods for automated onboard time (re)synchronisation on bio-loggers (GPS, WiFi, proximity messages). The methods can be combined as required and, when coupled with a state-of-the-art real time clock, facilitate accurate time annotations for all types of bio-logging data without need for post processing. We analyse time accuracy of our optimised methods in stationary tests and in a case study on 99 Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus). Based on the results, we offer recommendations for projects that require high time synchrony. In our case study with bats, we achieved a median relative time accuracy of 40 ms between tags throughout the entire 10-day duration of tag deployment. During stationary tests, our low power synchronisation methods achieved median time accuracies of 2.72 / 0.43 ms (GPS / WiFi), compared to UTC time, and relative median time accuracies of 5 ms between tags (wireless proximity messages). Using only one automated resynchronisation per day, permanent UTC time accuracies of ≤ 185 ms can be guaranteed in 95% of cases over a wide temperature range between 0 to 50°C. Accurate timekeeping required a minimal battery capacity, operating in the nano- to microwatt range. Time measurements on bio-loggers, similar to other forms of sensor-derived data, are prone to errors and so far received little scientific attention. Our combinable methods offer a means to quantify time errors and autonomously correct them at the source (i.e., on bio-loggers). This approach facilitates sub-second comparisons of simultaneously recorded time series data across multiple individuals and off-animal devices such as cameras or weather stations. Through automated resynchronisations on bio-loggers, long-term sub-second accurate timestamps become feasible, even for life-time studies on animals. We contend that our methods have potential to greatly enhance the quality of ecological data, thereby improving scientific conclusions.
Air quality monitoring of Kochi city using spider web as bioindicator
Authors: Anil Archana T , Joseph Mathew M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

A study was conducted to monitor the air quality of Kochi city using webs of two different spider species as samples. Spider silk can be better accumulator of pollutants than other bio-indicators (Rybak,2015). Webs of Pholcus phalangioides (Fuesslin, 1775) and Cyrtophora spp (Simon,1864) were sampled simultaneously from three sites of Kochi and its suburbs, Kizhakkambalam, FACT Udyogamandal and Sacred Heart College Campus, Thevara for a period of four months.
Spectroscopic analysis of 24 web samples using ICP-OES detected higher heavy metal concentration at the third site- Thevara followed by Fact and the least at Kizhakkambalam, the suburban area of Kochi. We observed that the most accumulated heavy metal to be Iron (Fe) and least Mercury (Hg). Concentration of thirteen heavy metals, Ag, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni,, Sn, Pb, Hg, and Zn in parts per million (ppm) were analyzed to evaluate the various vehicular and industrial emission at Kochi. This study concludes that accumulation of various heavy metals are several times greater than previously reported studies.
COVID-19 clinical rebound after treatment with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir
Authors: Camp Daniel , Caputo Matthew , Echevarria Fabiola Moreno , Achenbach Chad J. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NM/r) is a safe and effective oral antiviral therapeutic used for treatment of mild-to-moderate COVID-19. Case reports described a clinical rebound syndrome whereby individuals experience a relapse of symptoms shortly after completing successful treatment. There is a lack of information on frequency of COVID-19 rebound after NM/r in routine clinical care, contributing factors, and clinical outcomes.
Methods: We reviewed electronic medical records to verify COVID-19 diagnosis, symptoms, and treatment with NM/r from January-June 2022. We defined COVID-19 clinical rebound as clear improvement in symptoms followed by recurrence or worsening of symptoms within 30 days of a five-day course of NM/r.
Results: We studied 268 adults with median age 57 (IQR 47, 68), 80% White race, 85% non-Hispanic ethnicity, 55% female, 80% vaccinated and boosted against SARS-CoV-2, and 68% with any co-morbidity. Sixteen (6.0%) of studied patients were determined to have COVID-19 clinical rebound. The median time from starting NM/r to rebound was 11 days (IQR 9, 13). Notable demographic and clinical factors with higher proportion (not statistically significant) among COVID-19 rebound patients were female sex (75% rebound vs 54.5% no rebound), Black race (12.5% rebound vs 4.9% no rebound), presence of at least one co-morbidity (81.3% rebound vs 67.5% no rebound), and lack of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (100% rebound vs 92.9% no rebound). Only one patient (6.25%) was hospitalized after COVID-19 rebound.
Conclusions: COVID-19 clinical rebound after treatment with NM/r is mild with favorable outcomes and more common than previously reported from real-world clinical care studies.
From Warm to Cold: Feeding Cold Milk in Preterm Infants with Uncoordinated Oral Feeding Patterns
Authors: Hanna Nazeeh , Ferrara-Gonzalez Louisa , Kamity Ranjith , Htun Zeyar , Dumpa Vikramaditya , Islam Shahidul 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective: Premature infants frequently face feeding challenges due to disrupted coordination of sucking, swallowing, and breathing, increasing their risk of dysphagia. There are few effective treatment options available. This study aims to assess the safety of cold milk feedings in preterm infants diagnosed with uncoordinated feeding patterns and its effect on feeding performance.
Study Design: Preterm infants with uncoordinated feeding patterns (n=26) were randomized to be fed milk at either room or cold temperature (refrigerator cold) using an experimental, randomized crossover design. We monitored axillary and gastric content temperatures, mesenteric blood flow, and feeding performance.
Result: The findings suggest that preterm infants can safely tolerate cold milk without any clinically significant changes in temperature or mesenteric blood flow, and it may enhance feeding performance.
Conclusion: Cold milk feeding could be a safe therapeutic option for preterm infants, however additional comprehensive studies are still needed. Registered at clinicaltrials.org #NCT04421482.
Social Factors Affecting Home-Based End-of-Life Care for Patients with Cancer and Primary Caregivers
Authors: Hiramoto Shuji , Hashimoto Ryu , Morita Tatsuya , Kizawa Yoshiyuki , Tsuneto Satoru , Shima Yasuo , Masukawa Kento , Miyashita Mitsunori , Hitosughi Masahito 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study explored how the economic and social circumstances of patients' and their caregivers influenced home-based care.
Methods
A secondary analysis was conducted using the dataset (home-based end-of-life care N = 625, hospital end-of-life care N = 7603) Comprehensive patient-based survey conducted by The Study on Quality Evaluation of Hospice and Palliative Care by Bereaved Caregivers (J-HOPE 4), and multivariate analysis (multiple logistic regression) to explore the impact of social factors of patients and caregivers on the success of home-based end-of-life care. The main objective of the analysis was to examine the social factors in home-based end-of-life care, with hospital care as a control. The explanatory variables included 11 social factors of patients, such as age and sex, and 18 social factors of primary caregivers.
Results
For patients with medical expenses less than 100,000 yen (Odds ratio: OR 2.06), household income of 4 million yen or more (OR 0.67), preferences for home care (OR 1.49), preferences to die at home (OR 1.58), wish to die at home (OR 1.52), and lack of patient’s financial well-being (OR 0.72) were significant factors associated with home-based end-of-life care. Significant factors for caregivers included male caregivers (OR 0.66), poor mental state (OR 0.79), ability to provide daily care (OR 3.02), experience of caring for a deceased family member (OR 0.66), presence of alternative caregivers (OR 0.78), and cohabitation with caregivers (OR 1.47).
Conclusion
Patient preferences, social situations, primary caregivers' social situations, and mental states influenced home-based end-of-life care.
Magnetic Properties of epitaxial Re/Co1-xAux/Pt heterostructures
Authors: Jena Sukanta Kumar , Dhiman Anuj Kumar , Lynnyk Artem , Lenz Kilian , Patel Gauravkumar Ishwarbhai , Pietruczik Aleksiej , Aleszkiewicz Paweł , Lindner Jürgen , Dłużewski Piotr , Gieniusz Ryszard , Maziewski Andrzej , Milińska Ewelina , Wawro Andrzej 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

We investigate epitaxial Co(20 Å) and Co1-xAux(20 Å) alloy thin-films surrounded by asymmetric heavy metals layers of Re(10 Å) as a buffer and Pt(30 Å) as a cap to study the magnetic anisotropy, interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (iDMI) and damping. The increase of Au from 0% to 25% in the Co1-xAux alloy generates the spin-reorientation transition of around 13% of Au. The increase in Au concentration provides a significant decrease in saturation magnetization from 1690 kA/m to 982 kA/m measured for Co and Co75Au25, respectively. The effective anisotropy constant Keff is elevated up to 0.33 MJ/m3 by changing the Au content. Further, our investigations of the magnetization dynamics have confirmed that the overall effective damping constant rises with the Au concentration which can be attributed to the spin pumping effect. The spin pumping leads to the highest value of effective spin mixing conductance g(↑↓)≈2.91×1018/m2 in the Co90Au10(20 Å) system, while the lowest value of g(↑↓)≈2.25×1018/m2 is found for the Co(20 Å) system. Additionally, we have investigated the iDMI strength, and the amplitude of iDMI decreases with increasing Au concentration. The highest surface iDMI constant value equal to 2.62 pJ/m is observed for Co.
Zika virus non-structural proteins B-cell epitope mapping in mother-newborn immune interaction
Authors: Soares¹ Anderson Pereira , Olórtegui² Carlos Delfín Chávez , Neto¹ Daniel Ferreira Lima , Cunha Marielton dos Passos , Grillo³ Thamirys Cosmo , Silva Maurício Feliciano , Silva Andrea Cristina Botelho , Bertozzi Ana Paula , Bonafé Carlos Francisco Sampaio , Passos Saulo Duarte , Zanotto Paolo Marinho Andrade 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

During the period from May to November 2015, Zika virus (ZIKV) infections gained global attention in Brazil. ZIKV, a Flavivirus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, initially identified in 1947, has evolved from a historically inconspicuous pathogen to a significant public health concern. Beyond mild symptoms resembling dengue fever, severe conditions such as microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome have been linked to ZIKV. This study focuses on epitope mapping in ZIKV non-structural proteins (NS1, NS3, and NS5), exploring the interaction with maternal and newborn immune responses through SPOT-synthesis. The objectives include establishing epitope profiles in Zika-positive individuals and correlating maternal-newborn responses. Serum samples were collected from mothers and newborns, was born in Zika Cohort Jundiai research, and Sergipe Cohort. Epitope mapping experiments was conducted using a cellulose membrane-based SPOT-synthesis technique. Notably, regions in NS1, NS3, and NS5 proteins exhibited high membrane reactivity and epitope recognition. NS1, a key antigenic marker, holds potential as an early biomarker for ZIKV detection. Additionally, NS3 and NS5 proteins displayed immunogenic potential with differential responses in newborns. The study enhances understanding of ZIKV immunology and suggests further investigations for epitope validation and potential vaccine development.
Laparoscopic Versus Open Surgery for Rectal Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Multicenter Real-World Study
Authors: Zeng Xinyu , Li Chengguo , Yu Minhao , Zhang Rui , Lin Guole , Di Maojun , Wu Hongxue , Sun Yueming , Xiong Zhiguo , Jiang Congqing , Yu Bin , Zhou Shengning , Li Yong , Liao Xiaofeng , Xia Lijian , Zhang Wei , Jiang Weizhong , tao kaixiong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Due to the lack of large sample evidence-based medical studies, the surgical approach for radical resection of rectal neuroendocrine tumors is controversial.
Methods
We retrospectively collected the medical records of rectal neuroendocrine tumors patients who underwent radical resection at 17 large tertiary care hospitals in China, from January 1, 2010 to April 30, 2022. All patients were divided into laparoscopic surgery group and open surgery group. After propensity score matching was used to reduce confounders, postoperative and oncologic outcomes were compared between the groups.
Results
We enrolled 174 patients with rectal neuroendocrine tumors who underwent radical surgery. After random matching, 124 patients were included in the comparison (62 in the laparoscopic surgery group vs. 62 in the open surgery group). The laparoscopic surgery group had fewer complications(14.5% vs. 35.5%, P = 0.048) and superior relapse-free survival (P = 0.048). There was no significant difference in the R0 resection rate, operation time, and postoperative hospital stay. Subgroup analysis revealed that the laparoscopic surgery group had fewer complications (10.9% vs 34.7%, P = 0.004), shorter postoperative hospital stays (9.56 ± 5.21 days vs 12.31 ± 8.61 days, P = 0.049) and superior relapse-free survival (P = 0.025) in the rectal neuroendocrine tumors ≤ 4 cm subgroup.
Conclusions
Laparoscopic surgery is associated with improved postoperative outcomes and oncologic prognosis for patients with rectal neuroendocrine tumors ≤ 4 cm and can serve as a safe and feasible option of radical surgery of rectal neuroendocrine tumors.
Effects of psychological interventions for adults with systemic lupus erythematosus: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Sun Yanan , Wang Fang , Zhao Mengmeng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Psychological interventions have been demonstrated to be effective in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, limited evidence on the effects of different psychological interventions were provided by previous studies or traditional meta-analysis.
Methods
This updated meta-analysis aimed to synthesize and analyze the effectiveness of psychological interventions on SLE patients.PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched. Inclusion criteria included 1) adults with SLE; 2) effects of psychological interventions were assessed; 3) outcomes of psychological impact and disease activity in the intervention group and control group were reported; 4) randomized controlled trials. We calculated standardized mean difference (SMD) of outcomes with the respective 95% confidence interval (CIs). Heterogeneity between enrolled studies was evaluated using the I2 statistics.
Results
Seven studies with 574 SLE patients were included in this meta-analysis. The SMDs for mean change in fatigue, physical function, mental health, pain, depression, and disease activity scores from the beginning to the end of the follow-up interval in the psychological intervention group and control group was − 0.48 [(95% CI: -0.64, -0.04), z=-2.24, p = 0.0251; I2 = 41%, p = 0.1669], 0.27 [(95% CI: 0.06, 0.49), z = 2.47, p = 0.0137; I2 = 1%, p = 0.3892], 0.17 [(95% CI: -0.27, 0.60), z = 0.75, p = 0.4519; I2 = 72%, p = 0.0274], 0.26 [(95% CI: -0.16, 0.68), z = 1.23, p = 0.2200; I2 = 0%, p = 0.3783], -0.67 [(95% CI: -1.60, 0.26), z=-1. 42, p = 0.1570; I2 = 89%, p < 0.0001], and − 0.02 [(95% CI: -0.24, 0.20), z=-0.17, p = 0.8652; I2 = 0%, p = 0.6718].
Conclusions
This meta-analysis indicates that psychological intervention effectively improves fatigue and physical function in patients with SLE.