bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A cross-sectional study of pandemic influenza health literacy and the effect of a public health campaign
Authors: Jhummon-Mahadnac Namrata Devi , Knott Jonathan , Marshall Caroline 
Published: July 2012

Abstract

Background
To ascertain the understanding of 2009 pandemic (H1N1) influenza and relevant infection control measures in an emergency department population and to assess the effectiveness of education campaigns in informing the public about the pandemic.

Methods
Questionnaires were administered to patients, visitors, non-clinical staff and volunteers. Data were collected on knowledge, preventative measures, information sources, attitudes to government and media reporting, perceived seriousness, behaviour change and intended compliance with future measures. Results were used to construct an overall knowledge score.

Results
There were 252 participants. Traditional forms of mass media (138 [55%]) remained the principal information source. Approximately 70% (176) accurately described mode of transmission and recommended precautions and 68% (175) reported behaviour change because of the pandemic. Gaps in knowledge included failure to identify certain high risk groups. Recall of government campaigns was significantly associated with a higher knowledge score. 60% (151) thought that authorities and media had exaggerated the threat; only 40% (101) would comply with recommended measures in a future pandemic.

Conclusions
The knowledge regarding pandemic influenza was high in this population and positively affected by official campaigns. Pandemic planning should address knowledge gaps and the impression that authorities had exaggerated the public-health threat.
Book Reviews
Authors: Kramer Gary M. , Murray-White James , Hedling Olof , Conterio Martyn 
Published: July 2012

New Trends in Argentine and Brazilian Cinema, Cacilda Rêgo and Carolina Rocha (eds), (2011) Bristol: Intellect, 274pp., ISBN 1841503754 (pbk), $35.00
Dancing Ledge, Derek Jarman, (2010) Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 256pp., ISBN 9780816674497 (pbk), $18.95
Kicking
the Pricks, Derek Jarman, (2010) Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 256pp., ISBN 9780816674503 (pbk), $18.95
Contemporary World Cinema: Europe, the Middle East, East Asia, and South Asia, Shohini Chauduri, (2006) Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 200pp., ISBN 074861799X
(pbk), $34.00
Von Sternberg, John Baxter, (2010) Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 304pp., ISBN 9780813126012 (hbk), $40
Changes in Swallowing-Related Quality of Life after Parathyroidectomy for Hyperparathyroidism: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Pinchot Scott N. , Youngwirth Linda , Rajamanickam Victoria , Schaefer Sarah , Sippel Rebecca , Chen Herbert 
Published: July 2012

Abstract

Objective.
To prospectively evaluate the impact of parathyroidectomy on swallowing-related quality of life using the Swallowing Quality Of Life (SWAL-QOL) validated outcomes assessment tool.

Background.
Many patients with primary hyperparathyroidism report nonspecific symptoms, such as fatigue, irritability, cognitive impairment, sleep disturbances, and dysphagia. To date, there have been no prospective studies evaluating swallowing function before and after parathyroid surgery.

Methods.
Patients undergoing parathyroidectomy from September 2007 to January 2009 completed the SWAL-QOL questionnaire before and one year after surgery. Data were collected on demographic and clinicopathologic variables. Comparisons were made to determine the effect of surgery on patients' perceptions of swallowing function.

Results.
Of 151 eligible patients, 102 (68%) completed the study. The mean patient age was 60 years, and 79% were female. A total of 73 patients (67%) had minimally invasive parathyroidectomies, whereas the remainder had bilateral explorations. In all, 83 patients (81%) had a parathyroid adenoma, 16 patients (16%) had hyperplasia, and 3 patients (3%) had a double adenoma on final pathologic interpretation. Mean preoperative SWAL-QOL scores were &lt;90 for 4 of the 11 domains, indicating the perception of oropharyngeal dysphagia and diminished quality of life. Following parathyroidectomy, significant improvements were demonstrated in eight SWAL-QOL domains.

Conclusions.
Many patients with parathyroid disease have the perception of abnormal swallowing function. In these patients with symptoms of dysphagia, parathyroid surgery leads to significant improvements in many aspects of swallowing-related quality of life measured by the SWAL-QOL instrument. This study represents the first use of a condition-specific instrument to assess swallowing-related quality of life for patients with parathyroid disease before and after parathyroid surgery.
The relation between strength and free water content of aerated concretes
Authors: Bessey G. E. , Dilnot S. 
Published: July 2012

Summary: The effect of progressive small increments of moisture upon the strength of completely dry aerated concretes has been examined. The decrease in strength due to the first 2-3 per cent. of moisture has been found to be considerable, and to constitute a high proportion of the total drop in strength from the dry to the completely wet condition. When expressed as a percentage of the dry strength, the drop in strength of aerated concrete pom the completely dry to the completely soaked condition does not differ markedly from that of ordinary dense concrete. Since it is possible that the strength of dense concrete is Similarly affected by small contents of free moisture, it seems that comparison of dry strength test results can have little value wiihout a precise definition of the degree of dryness.
Pumping concrete—friction between concrete and pipe-line.
Authors: Dawson O. 
Published: July 2012

Summary: The load on an electric motor driving a concrete pump is taken as a measure of the friction of the concrete in the pipe-line leading from the pump. By using a recording ammeter, continuous records were taken of pumping concrete having different slumps, through different lengths of pipe. This article is in the nature of an interim report in which it is suggested that further useful work could be carried out.
A review of hydrothermal reactions in the system CaO - SiO2 - H2O
Authors: Taylor H. F. W. , Bessey G. E. 
Published: July 2012

Summary: Hydrothermal studies in the lime-silica-water system contribute to the understanding of the chemistry of Portland cement. The investigations which have been made are reriewed. The properties of the naturally occurring and artificial compounds are described, tables of optical data and diagrams of X-ray powder data being given. The conditions of formation of each compound are discussed and the general outlines of the phase diagram are suggested.
An elastic theory for the torsional strength of rectangular reinforced concrete beams
Authors: Cowan Henry J. 
Published: July 2012

Summary: The theories of Rausch and Andersen for the design of torsional shear reinforcement are examined and a more accurate formula is derived, using the strain energy principle. This formula, like that of Rausch, is based on the customary assumptions of the elastic working stress theory. The compound hyperbolic series resulting from the integration of the square of St. Venant's rectangular torsion function is evaluated and reduced to a single constant. This constant is intermediate between those obtained from the approximate theories of Rausch and Andersen.
Shear test on joints between precast post-tensioned units
Authors: Jones L. L. 
Published: July 2012

Summary Shear tests on three types of joint between precast post-tensioned units have given data from which the minimum shear strength of these joints may be calculated. The minimum value of the coefficient of friction of the surfaces at a plain butt joint was found to be 0 391 and that of the surfaces at a mortar joint 0 645. The results obtained when testing rejoined cracked members are discussed, and an analysis is made which is consistent with the mode of failure.
Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of Peptidomimetics: How and Why
Authors: Wipf Peter 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBased on oligopeptide sequences, structural diversity elements from side chain substitutions and backbone amide modifications are used for the preparation of bioactive peptide mimetics, including δ-amino-b,γ-alkenyl, δ-amino-b,γ-cyclopropyl, and γ-amino-a,b-cyclopropyl dipeptide isosteres. The hybrid molecule XJB-5-131 is composed of an alkene dipeptide isostere, a regular tripeptide sequence extracted from the cyclodecapeptide antibiotic gramicidin S (GS), and the free radical scavenger 4-AT. This agent is highly enriched in mitochondria, and, among other positive functions in cells and animal models, it has demonstrated efficacy in improving neurocognitive outcome after traumatic brain injury in rats. It slows down the aging phenotype in Ercc1 progeria models and reduces oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA, enhancing neuronal survival and improving mitochondrial function in a mouse model of Huntington’s disease. The shortened alkene dipeptide isostere JP4-039 also folds into a b-turn secondary structure in the solid state and mediates several desired physiological and cell-protective effects, including radiation damage prevention and mitigation.
Numerical Analysis of Hub Effect on Hydrodynamic Performance of Propellers with Inclusion of PBCF to Equalize the Induced Velocity
Authors: Ghassemi Hassan , Mardan Amin , Ardeshir Abdollah 
Published: July 2012

Numerical Analysis of Hub Effect on Hydrodynamic Performance of Propellers with Inclusion of PBCF to Equalize the Induced Velocity
In this article the boundary element method (BEM) is applied to analyze the propeller hub as a non-lifting body and the blades in its vicinity as lifting bodies. In solver, the geometrical modeling of hub, blades are PBCF (Propeller Boss Cap Fin) constructed by quadrilateral elements. The velocity potential is determined on each element by discretized boundary integral equation. Iterative procedure is used to consider the adjacent body effect. In each step the body was independently analyzed with the influence of near body considered in inflow velocity. The induced velocity of propeller was calculated with and without PBCF in downstream. PBCF, an energy-saving device, reduces and uniforms the induced velocity of propeller in downstream. Numerical results of propeller hydrodynamic characteristics including hub effect, induced velocities, PBCF influence are presented.
p38 MAPK regulates the expression of ether à go-go potassium channel in human osteosarcoma cells
Authors: Wu Xinyu , Zhong Daixing , Lin Bin , Zhai Wenliang , Ding Zhenqi , Wu Jin 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
Background. The ether à go-go (Eag) channel has been shown to be overexpressed in a variety of cancers. However, the expression and function of Eag in osteosarcoma are poorly understood. In addition, the molecular mechanisms responsible for Eag overexpression in cancer cells remain unclear.
Methods. The expression of Eag in human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63 was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. The effect of Eag inhibition on MG-63 cell proliferation was assessed in vitro. The effect of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) mediated knockdown of Eag on osteosarcoma growth was evaluated in xenograft model in vivo. The activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and p53 in MG-63 cells was detected by Western blot analysis.
Results. Eag was overexpressed in MG-63 cells. Imipramine or Eag shRNA significantly suppressed the proliferation of MG-63 cells in vitro and in vivo. MG-63 cell proliferation was specifically inhibited by p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 or small interference RNA (siRNA). The inhibition of p38 MAPK activation by SB203580 or siRNA reduced Eag protein level but increased p53 protein level. Moreover, the activation of p53 by nutlin-3 induced cell growth arrest in MG-63 cells and reduced Eag protein level, while the inactivation of p53 by pifithrin-alpha (PFT-α) promoted MG-63 cell growth and increased Eag protein expression.
Conclusions. Eag channel functions as an oncogene to promote the proliferation of human osteosarocma cells. Furthermore, the high expression of Eag in osteosarcoma cells is regulated by p38 MAPK/p53 pathway.
Rapid Detection of Fetal Aneuploidies by Quantitative Fluorescent-Polymerase Chain Reaction for Prenatal Diagnosis in the Turkish Population
Authors: Guzel A , Yilmaz M , Demirhan O , Pazarbasi A , Kocaturk-Sel S , Erkoc M , Inandiklioglu N , Ozgunen F , Sariturk C 
Published: July 2012

Rapid Detection of Fetal Aneuploidies by Quantitative Fluorescent-Polymerase Chain Reaction for Prenatal Diagnosis in the Turkish PopulationPrenatal diagnosis is testing for diseases or conditions in a fetus or embryo before it is born. It employs a variety of techniques to determine the health and condition of an unborn fetus. The main goal of this process is to perform prenatal diagnosis at the earliest possible stage of gestation. In this regard, quantitative fluorescent-polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR), a novel technique that is fast and reliable, was employed to detect aneuploidies (13, 18, 21, X and Y) without the need of the time-consuming culturing process. The QF-PCR method can detect five different chromosome aneuploidies with 98.6% accuracy. In this study, 1874 amniotic fluid samples of pregnant subjects, who were referred to the Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Adana, Turkey (molecular biology section), were analyzed with the QF-PCR technique by employing 27 short tandem repeat (STR) markers to detect chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X and Y aneuploidies. We detected 31 subjects (1.7%) with aneuploidies or euploidies out of the 1874 subjects. The average age of the pregnant subjects was 32 (range: 14-49). Abnormal karyotypes detected were as follows: 47, XX,+21 (19.4%, 6/31), 47, XY,+21 (48.4%, 15/31), 48, XXX,+21 (3.2%, 1/31), 69, XXX (3.2%, 1/31), 47, XY,+13 (3.2%, 1/31), 47, XXY (9.6%, 3/31), 47, XXX (9.6%, 3/31) and 45, X (3.2%, 1/31). Moreover, some STR markers were found to be more specific to the Turkish population. In conclusion, QF-PCR can be regarded as an alternative method of conventional cytogenetic analysis as it is a rapid and reliable method; however, in most cases it is required to be supported or validated with conventional cytogenetic karyotyping and some STR markers employed for QF-PCR can be more informative for a given population.
Influence of the SCN1A IVS5N + 5 G>A Polymorphism on Therapy with Carbamazepine for Epilepsy
Authors: Sterjev Z , Kiteva G , Cvetkovska E , Petrov I , Kuzmanovski I , Ribarska T , Nestorovska K , Matevska N , Trajkovik-Jolevska S , Dimovski A , Suturkova Lj 
Published: July 2012

Influence of the SCN1A IVS5N + 5 G>A Polymorphism on Therapy with Carbamazepine for EpilepsyCarbamazepine (CBZ) blocks neuronal sodium channels in a voltage- and frequency-dependent manner, delaying the recovery of the channels from the inactivated state, reducing the number of action potentials within a burst, and decreasing burst duration. The α-subunit of the first neuronal sodium channel (SCN1A) is a major gene in different epilepsies. A synonymous polymorphism (SCN1A IVS5N + 5 G>A or rs3812718) is common in exon 5 of this gene. Mutations in the α-unit of this gene are associated with CBZ-resistant epilepsy and a higher maintenance dose of CBZ. We have investigated the association of this single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and epilepsy, efficacy and dose-dependence of CBZ therapy in 147 adult Macedonian patients and 137 non epileptic controls. No significant differences in allelic frequencies and genotype distribution were found between patients and controls (p = 0.94278), or between CBZ-responsive and unresponsive patients (p = 0.55449). An association between the A allele and a higher maintenance dose in CBZ-responsive patients was detected. No statistical difference was found between the plasma levels of CBZ and genotype of patients receiving the same dose, indicating that the variant exerts its effect at the level of receptor responsiveness. The predictive value of pretreatment testing showed a minor insignificant difference between patients with different genotypes, primarily due to a small number of patients.
Clouston Syndrome: First Case in Russia
Authors: Marakhonov A , Skoblov M , Galkina V , Zinchenko R 
Published: July 2012

Clouston Syndrome: First Case in RussiaHidrotic ectodermal dysplasia type 2 (HED2) or Clouston syndrome (OMIM #129500) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder which affects skin and its derivatives, characterized by the major triad of features: nail dystrophy, generalized hypotrichosis, and palmoplantar hyperkeratosis. Here we describe the first case of Clouston syndrome in Russia and the molecular genetic analysis of this case.
Ring Chromosome 22: A Review of the Literature and First Report from India
Authors: Mahajan S , Kaur A , Singh J 
Published: July 2012

Ring Chromosome 22: A Review of the Literature and First Report from IndiaRing chromosome 22 [r(22)], a rare cytogenetic finding, has been described in nearly 70 cases to date. Cytogenetic investigations were carried out on a 5-year-old male child with microcephaly and intellectual disability. Cytogenetic investigations revealed his karyotype to be 46, XY, r(22). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an r(22) anomaly from India.
Mosaic Intrachromosomal Triplication of (12)(p11.2p13) in a Patient with Pallister-Killian Syndrome
Authors: Yakut S , Mıhcı E , Altiok Clark , Cetin Z , Keser I , Berker S , Luleci G 
Published: July 2012

Mosaic Intrachromosomal Triplication of (12)(p11.2p13) in a Patient with Pallister-Killian SyndromePallister-Killian syndrome (PKS) is a rare genetic disorder usually characterized by mosaic tetrasomy of isochromosome 12p detected in cultured fibroblast cells. We describe here a patient with PKS and intrachromosomal triplication of the short arm of chromosome 12. Her karyo-type was mos 46, XX, inv trp(12)(p11.2p13)[34]/46, XX[16] de novo by conventional cytogenetics and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. However, this chromosomal abnormality was not detected from the patient's cultured blood lymphocytes. We report here the third patient with intrachromosomal triplication on the short arm of chromosome 12, presenting a PKS phenotype.
Methods for Processing and Interpretation of AIS Signals Corrupted by Noise and Packet Collisions
Authors: Poļevskis J. , Krastiņš M. , Korāts G. , Skorodumovs A. , Trokšs J. 
Published: July 2012

Methods for Processing and Interpretation of AIS Signals Corrupted by Noise and Packet Collisions
The authors deal with the operation of Automatic Identification System (AIS) used in the marine traffic monitoring to broadcast messages containing information about the vessel: id, payload, size, speed, destination etc., meant primarily for avoidance of ship collisions. To extend the radius of AIS operation, it is envisaged to dispose its receivers on satellites. However, in space, due to a large coverage area, interfering factors are especially pronounced - such as packet collision, Doppler's shift and noise impact on AIS message receiving, pre-processing and decoding. To assess the quality of an AIS receiver's operation, a test was carried out in which, varying automatically frequency, amplitude, noise, and other parameters, the data on the ability of the receiver's ability to decode AIS signals are collected. In the work, both hardware- and software-based AIS decoders were tested. As a result, quite satisfactory statistics has been gathered - both on the common and the differing features of such decoders when operating in space. To obtain reliable data on the software-defined radio AIS receivers, further research is envisaged.
The Germination of Perennial Wall Rocket (Diplotaxis Tenuifolia (L.) DC.) and Annual Garden Rocket (Eruca Sativa Mill.) Under Controlled Temperatures
Authors: Hall Matthew , Jobling Jenny , Rogers Gordon 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe germination characteristics of three cultivars of perennial wall rocket and annual garden rocket were assessed at constant and diurnal temperatures for ten days. The seeds were exposed to constant temperatures of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C or diurnal temperatures of 24/10, 28/16 and 18/5°C, with a 12/12 h exposure of each regime. The diurnal temperatures were chosen to reflect the minimum and maximum ambient temperatures experienced in Ellis Lane, Australia; during the spring, summer and winter. The total germination percentage (TGP) of perennial wall rocket was the highest at 20 to 30°C, whereas the highest TGP occurred at 10 to 30°C for annual garden rocket. The daily germination speed (DGS) and germination value (GV) are two useful formulas used to express the germination characteristics of seeds that under certain conditions do not achieve ≥50% germination. For both species, there was a significant interaction between the cultivar and temperature for the DGS and GV at both constant and diurnal temperatures; illustrating that the commercial cultivars of these species germinate at different rates in response to different ambient temperatures. This has important implications for the commercial production of these species, as cultivars with high germination rates need to be chosen for different seasonal conditions. At diurnal temperatures, there was an interaction between the cultivar and temperature for perennial wall rocket, with the cvs. DT1 and DT2 having similar TGPs across all of the temperature regimes, whereas the cv. DT3 had lower TGPs across all of the regimes. There was no interaction between the cultivar and diurnal temperature for annual garden rocket; however, temperature did influence the TGP, with higher values at 24/10 and 18/5°C. The germination of the smaller seeds from the perennial species was found to be more dependent on temperature than the larger seeds from the annual species. This is likely due to differences in stored reserves and the influence of secondary dormancy in the respective species.
Aging Process in Chromatin of Animals
Authors: Wnuk Maciej , Bugno-Poniewierska Monika , Lewińska Anna , Oklejewicz Bernadetta , Ząbek Tomasz , Słota Ewa 
Published: July 2012

Aging Process in Chromatin of AnimalsThe aging process is a variable, stochastic and pleiotropic phenomenon which is regulated by different environmental and genetic factors. The age-associated changes, which occur at the molecular and cellular levels and disturb biological homeostasis, may directly or indirectly contribute to aging, causing apoptosis or cellular senescence and consequently leading to the death of the organism. In this context, it is particularly interesting to observe changes in somatic cell chromatin. In the present paper, we summarized the knowledge on the biological aspects of aging with special consideration of age-related changes in chromatin like DNA damage, shortening telomeres or age-related changes in methylation of DNA.