bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PDGF in bone formation and regeneration: New insights into a novel mechanism involving MSCs
Authors: Caplan Arnold I. , Correa Diego 
Published: May 2011

AbstractWith the identification of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as pericytes, the details of bone formation, regeneration, and repair take on new meaning. Growth factors and other signaling molecules together with MSCs play important roles in these bone fabrication processes. However, the interaction of these cellular healing components is not completely understood. The formation of new vasculature is critical to regeneration and repair as both the driver and orientor of new bone formation. In this context, MSCs are proposed to be largely derived from pericytes associated with the vasculature. A comprehensive perspective is presented in which signaling molecules such as PDGF take on new significance in the vasculature‐pericyte‐MSC‐osteoblast dynamics. Current data suggest that PDGF could function as a central connector between the cellular components and contributors of the osteoblast differentiation program. The inference is that PDGF could function at sites of injury to mobilize the pericytes from their abluminal location, stimulate mitotic expansion of these cells and help organize them. In this way, PDGF both contributes to the osteogenic lineage and helps to stabilize newly forming vessels that act to drive the multistep, multicomponent cascade of new bone formation. This thesis explains how PDGF functions as a powerful therapeutic agent for bone formation and repair. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:1795–1803, 2011
The peak‐standardized uptake value (P‐SUV) by preoperative positron emission tomography‐computed tomography (PET‐CT) is a useful indicator of lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer
Authors: Oh Hyeon Hwa , Lee Sang Eok , Choi In Seok , Choi Won Jun , Yoon Dae Sung , Min Hyun Sik , Ra Yu Mi , Moon Ju Ik , Kang Yun Hee 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackground and objectivesLittle data is currently available on the usefulness of peak‐standardized uptake value (P‐SUV) by positron emission tomography‐computed tomography (PET‐CT) in gastric cancer. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the value of PET‐CT for the preoperative evaluation of patients with gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the relation of between primary tumor P‐SUV, as determined by preoperative PET‐CT, and lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer.MethodsFrom December 2007 to March 2010, we analyzed the PET‐CT of 147 patients that underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer. P‐SUV in PET‐CT were measured by single nuclear medicine physician. Statistical analysis was performed to determine relations between clinicopathologic parameters including P‐SUV and lymph node metastasis using the chi‐square test, the independent t‐test, and using logistic regression analysis.ResultsAge, tumor depth, tumor size, and lymph node metastasis were found to be associated with primary tumor P‐SUV by PET‐CT (P = 0.009, <0.001, <0.001, and <0.001, respectively). No association was found between P‐SUV and tumor histology or tumor location (P = 0.099). Advanced gastric cancer was found to have a higher P‐SUV than early gastric cancer, and a higher P‐SUV was found to be associated with lymph node metastases by both univariate and multivariate analysis.ConclusionsP‐SUV of primary tumor could be an independent indicator of lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. Gastric surgeons should pay more attention to the dissection of lymph nodes when primary tumors have higher P‐SUV values by PET‐CT. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:530–533. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Teacher‐delivered resilience‐focused intervention in schools with traumatized children following the second Lebanon war
Authors: Wolmer Leo , Hamiel Daniel , Barchas Jack D. , Slone Michelle , Laor Nathaniel 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe 2006 Lebanon War exposed children in the north of Israel to daily rocket attacks. To cope with the massive psychological needs, a teacher‐delivered protocol focusing on enhancing personal resilience was implemented. Children were assessed for risk factors, symptoms, and adaptation before the 16‐week program (Time 1; n = 983) and after its completion (Time 2; n = 563). At a 3‐month follow‐up (Time 3; n = 754) children were assessed together with a waiting‐list comparison group (n = 1,152). Participating children showed a significant symptom decrease at Time 2 and significantly fewer symptoms than the control group at Time 3. Six or more risk factors were associated with greater symptoms and parental concern about the child's adaptive functioning. Teachers are valuable cost‐effective providers for clinically informed interventions after mass trauma and disaster.
Evaluation of fences for containing feral swine under simulated depopulation conditions
Authors: Lavelle Michael J. , Vercauteren Kurt C. , Hefley Trevor J. , Phillips Gregory E. , Hygnstrom Scott E. , Long David B. , Fischer Justin W. , Swafford Seth R. , Campbell Tyler A. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractPopulations of feral swine (Sus scrofa) are estimated to include >2 million animals in the state of Texas, USA, alone. Feral swine damage to property, crops, and livestock exceeds $50 million annually. These figures do not include the increased risks and costs associated with the potential for feral swine to spread disease to domestic livestock. Thus, effective bio‐security measures will be needed to quickly isolate affected feral swine populations during disease outbreaks. We evaluated enclosures built of 0.86‐m‐tall traditional hog panels for containing feral swine during 35 trials, each involving 6 recently caught animals exposed to increasing levels of motivation. During trials, fences were 97% successful when enclosures were entered by humans for maintenance purposes; 83% effective when pursued by walking humans discharging paintball projectors; and in limited testing, 100% successful when pursued and removed by gunners in a helicopter. In addition to being effective in containing feral swine, enclosures constructed of hog panels required simple hand tools, took <5 min/m to erect, and were inexpensive ($5.73/m excluding labor) relative to other fencing options. As such, hog‐panel fences are suitable for use by state and federal agencies for rapid deployment in disease response situations, but also exhibit utility for general control of other types of damage associated with feral swine. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Postfledging survival of eastern bluebirds in an urbanized landscape
Authors: Jackson Allyson K. , Froneberger Joshua P. , Cristol Daniel A. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractGolf courses ostensibly offer green space in urbanized areas, but it is unclear how suitable these human‐modified habitats are for wildlife populations. Golf courses are home to a variety of wildlife, but in particular they have been the focus of research on avian responses to urbanization. Although numerous reproductive and diversity studies have been conducted on birds of golf courses, no research exists on postfledging survival in this created landscape. In 2008 and 2009, we estimated survival of eastern bluebird (Sialia sialis) fledglings using radio telemetry on golf course and other developed sites in Williamsburg, Virginia. We used nest survival models in Program MARK set in an information theoretic framework to assess whether the golf course habitat predicted mortality along with other previously studied variables, such as fledgling age, year, site, body condition, fledging date, and transmitter weight. We found no evidence that inhabiting a golf course increased mortality during the fledgling period, but we did find support for both fledgling age and fledging date as predictors of survival. Mortality decreased for older fledglings and those that fledged later in the season. Cause‐specific postfledging survival rates did not differ among sites. Fledgling bluebirds did, however, move into habitat that was significantly more forested and less grassy than their natal habitat. For managers of wildlife on golf courses and other urbanized sites, our study is the first to show that placing nest boxes in manicured habitat may attract birds to areas without suitable habitat for fledglings. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Color‐Tunable Luminescent Materials Based on Functional Polysiloxane and Lanthanide Ions
Authors: Lai Qingling , Lu Haifeng , Wang Dengxu , Wang Hua , Feng Shengyu , Zhang Jie 
Published: May 2011

AbstractColor‐tunable luminescent materials based on α, ω‐diethyl malonate terminated polydimethylsiloxane (EP) and lanthanide ions are synthesized. The EP is synthesized from α, ω‐hydride terminated polysiloxane (HP) and diethyl allyl malonate via hydrosilylation reaction. The FT‐IR spectra,1H NMR,13C NMR, and GPC are used to characterize the structures of HP and EP. The obtained materials, which were synthesized by incorporating Eu3+(or Tb3+) ions into EP, exhibit excellent narrow‐width red (or green) emissions. Moreover, when integrating heterometallic Eu3+/Tb3+ions into EP, the luminescence spectra of the complexes are composed of green and red emission. Color‐tunable luminescent materials are obtained by tuning the proportions of Eu3+and Tb3+ions.magnified image
The Effect of Hydrogen Bonding on Intramolecular Chain Transfer in Polymerization of Acrylates
Authors: Liang Kun , Hutchinson Robin A. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractPropagation rate coefficients (kp) for 2‐hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) have been determined by pulsed‐laser polymerization (PLP) combined with size‐exclusion chromatography (SEC) between 20 and 60 °C using pulse repetition rates of 50 and 100 Hz. The success of PLP–SEC under these conditions suggests that HEA is not subjected to the intramolecular chain transfer to polymer (backbiting) reactions dominant for other acrylates; 13C NMR analysis shows that the quaternary carbon observed in PLP‐generated poly(butyl acrylate) (pBA) samples is not observed in pHEA. These results are related to H‐bonding in the system, as it is shown that the introduction of H‐bonding by addition of n‐butanol to BA suppresses backbiting, and the disruption of H‐bonding by addition of dimethylformamide to HEA leads to an increased level of backbiting.magnified image
Mood and cognition in leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 G2019S Parkinson's disease
Authors: Shanker Vicki , Groves Mark , Heiman Gary , Palmese Christina , Saunders‐Pullman Rachel , Ozelius Laurie , Raymond Deborah , Bressman Susan 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe behavioral and cognitive features of the leucine‐rich repeat kinase G2019S mutation in Parkinson's disease in the Ashkenazi Jewish population are not well described; therefore, we sought to more systematically characterize these features using a semistructured psychiatric interview and neuropsychological testing. Twenty‐one Ashkenazi Jewish patients having the leucine‐rich repeat kinase G2019S mutation were compared with age‐ and sex‐matched Ashkenazi Jewish patients with Parkinson's disease without mutations. Although overall rates of affective disorders were not greater in mutation carriers, the carriers exhibited a 6‐fold increased risk of premorbid affective disorders (odds ratio, 6.0; P = .10), as determined by the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders–IV. Of interest, we identified 2 leucine‐rich repeat kinase carriers with bipolar disorder; no mutation‐negative subjects had this diagnosis. Performance on the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test–Revised, Judgment of Line Orientation, and Frontal Assessment Battery was consistent with previous reports and did not differ between groups. Study findings suggest a possible association between premorbid mood disorders and leucine‐rich repeat kinase Parkinson's disease, warranting further evaluation. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Subthalamic nucleus stimulation selectively improves motor and visual memory performance in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Mollion Hélène , Dominey Peter Ford , Broussolle Emmanuel , Ventre‐Dominey Jocelyne 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAlthough the treatment of Parkinson's disease via subthalamic stimulation yields remarkable improvements in motor symptoms, its effects on memory function are less clear. In this context, we previously demonstrated dissociable effects of levodopa therapy on parkinsonian performance in spatial and nonspatial visual working memory. Here we used the same protocol with an additional, purely motor task to investigate visual memory and motor performance in 2 groups of patients with Parkinson's disease with or without subthalamic stimulation. In each stimulation condition, subjects performed a simple motor task and 3 successive cognitive tasks: 1 conditional color‐response association task and 2 visual (spatial and nonspatial) working memory tasks. The Parkinson's groups were compared with a control group of age‐matched healthy subjects. Our principal results demonstrated that (1) in the motor task, stimulated patients were significantly improved with respect to nonstimulated patients and did not differ significantly from healthy controls, and (2) in the cognitive tasks, stimulated patients were significantly improved with respect to nonstimulated patients, but both remained significantly impaired when compared with healthy controls. These results demonstrate selective effects of subthalamic stimulation on parkinsonian disorders of motor and visual memory functions, with clear motor improvement for stimulated patients and a partial improvement for their visual memory processing. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Randomized polysomnography study of gabapentin enacarbil in subjects with restless legs syndrome
Authors: Winkelman John W. , Bogan Richard K. , Schmidt Markus H. , Hudson John D. , DeRossett Sarah E. , Hill‐Zabala Christina E. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractWe assessed the efficacy and tolerability of gabapentin enacarbil in the treatment of moderate to severe primary restless legs syndrome and associated sleep disturbance. This was a multicenter, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, 2‐period crossover polysomnography study of gabapentin enacarbil 1200 mg or placebo taken once daily. Subjects were randomized 1:1 to a sequence of gabapentin enacarbil:placebo or placebo:gabapentin enacarbil, receiving each treatment for 4 weeks. The primary end point was the mean change from baseline at weeks 4 and 10 (4/10) last observation carried forward in wake time during sleep. The key secondary end point was the mean change from baseline at weeks 4/10 last observation carried forward in periodic limb movements associated with arousal per hour of sleep. Tolerability assessments included adverse events. One hundred thirty‐six subjects were randomized (gabapentin enacarbil:placebo, 67; placebo:gabapentin enacarbil, 69), and 114 (gabapentin enacarbil:placebo, 53; placebo:gabapentin enacarbil, 61) completed the study. Gabapentin enacarbil 1200 mg significantly reduced wake time during sleep (mean change from baseline [adjusted mean treatment difference]: −26.0 minutes; P < .0001) and periodic limb movements associated with arousal per hour of sleep (adjusted mean treatment difference: −3.1 periodic limb movements with arousal/hour; P = .002) compared with placebo at weeks 4/10 last observation carried forward. The most commonly reported adverse events were dizziness (gabapentin enacarbil 20%, placebo 2%) and somnolence (gabapentin enacarbil 13%, placebo 2%). Gabapentin enacarbil 1200 mg once daily significantly reduces restless legs syndrome–associated sleep disturbance and periodic limb movements associated with arousal per hour of sleep and is generally well tolerated in adults with moderate to severe primary restless legs syndrome. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Reconstruction of composite tibial defect with free flaps and ipsilateral vascularized fibular transposition
Authors: Chung Duke Whan , Han Chung Soo , Lee Jae Hoon 
Published: May 2011

AbstractComposite defects of the tibia following open fractures are among the most challenging of clinical problems. The aim of this study is to report the results of treatment using a free flap procedure followed by ipsilateral vascularized fibular transposition (IVFT) for reconstruction of composite tibial defects. Ten patients underwent a free flap procedure followed by IVFT and plating. The mean size of the flaps was 12.1 × 6 cm2. The mean length of bone defect was 5.35 cm. IVFT were performed 4.3 months following the free flap. Patients were followed for an average of 3.4 years. All flaps survived. The average time to union of the proximal and distal ends was 5.2 and 6.7 months, respectively. There were neither stress fractures of the transferred fibula nor recurrent infections. One patient demonstrated a medial angulation of 8° in the reconstructed tibia but experienced no difficulties in activities of daily living. At the last follow‐up time point, all patients were able to walk without an assist device and were satisfied with the preservation of the injured lower extremity. Free flap procedures followed by IVFT for the treatment of composite tibial defects may reduce complications at the recipient site and infections, such as osteomyelitis. The plating technique combined with IVFT allowed bone union without additional operations or stress fractures in our series. We suggest that staged free flap and IVFT is useful for the treatment of composite segmental tibial defects. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2011.
Structure‐Based Pharmacophore Modeling from Multicomplex: a Comprehensive Pharmacophore Generation of Protein Kinase CK2 and Virtual Screening Based on it for Novel Inhibitors
Authors: Sun Hao‐Peng , Zhu Jia , Chen Fei‐Hong , You Qi‐Dong 
Published: May 2011

AbstractProtein kinase CK2, a member of the serine/threonine kinase family, is an attractive therapeutic target for anticancer combination therapy. A multiple structure‐based modeling approach complemented with shape components was taken to build a reliable pharmacophore model for ATP‐competitive CK2 inhibitors. The final model consisted of one hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA), one hydrogen bond donor (HBD), two hydrophobic (HY) features, several excluded volumes and shape constraints. In the validation study, this model yielded an enrichment factor of 10.22 and performed fairly well in distinguishing active compounds. SPECS database was searched based on this query and sixteen compounds were retained after multiple filtrations for biological test. 4 compounds with IC50 values less than 10 µM were disclosed, providing 2 new chemical scaffolds as CK2 inhibitors. It is expected that the information provided here is helpful for discovering more potential CK2 inhibitors.
Folate pathway polymorphisms predict deficits in attention and processing speed after childhood leukemia therapy
Authors: Kamdar Kala Y. , Krull Kevin R. , El‐Zein Randa A. , Brouwers Pim , Potter Brian S. , Harris Lynnette L. , Holm Suzanne , Dreyer ZoAnn , Scaglia Fernando , Etzel Carol J. , Bondy Melissa , Okcu M. Fatih 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackgroundNeurocognitive impairment occurs in 20–40% of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survivors, possibly mediated by folate depletion and homocysteine elevation following methotrexate treatment. We evaluated the relationship between folate pathway polymorphisms and neurocognitive impairment after childhood ALL chemotherapy.ProcedureSeventy‐two childhood ALL survivors treated with chemotherapy alone underwent a neurocognitive battery consisting of: Trail Making Tests A (TMTA) and B (TMTB), Grooved Pegboard Test Dominant‐Hand and Nondominant‐Hand, Digit Span subtest, and Verbal Fluency Test. We performed genotyping for: 10‐methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR 677C>T and MTHFR 1298A>C), serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT 1420C>T), methionine synthase (MS 2756 A>G), methionine synthase reductase (MTRR 66A>G), and thymidylate synthase (TSER). Student's two sample t‐test and analysis of covariance were used to compare test scores by genotype.ResultsGeneral impairment on the neurocognitive battery was related to MTHFR 1298A>C (P = 0.03) and MS 2756A>G (P = 0.05). Specifically, survivors with MTHFR 1298AC/CC genotypes scored, on average, 13 points lower on TMTB than those with MTHFR 1298AA genotype (P = 0.001). The MS 2756AA genotype was associated with a 12.2 point lower mean TMTA score, compared to MS 2756 AG/GG genotypes (P = 0.01). The TSER 2R/3R and 3R/3R genotypes were associated with an 11.4 point lower mean score on TMTB, compared to the TSER 2R/2R genotype (P = 0.03). Survivors with ≥6 folate pathway risk alleles demonstrated a 9.5 point lower mean TMTA score (P = 0.06) and 14.5 point lower TMTB score (P = 0.002) than survivors with <6 risk alleles.ConclusionsFolate pathway polymorphisms are associated with deficits in attention and processing speed after childhood ALL therapy. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 57: 454–460. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hedgehog pathway activity in pediatric embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma and undifferentiated sarcoma: A report from the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Pressey Joseph G. , Anderson James R. , Crossman David K. , Lynch James C. , Barr Frederic G. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackgroundAberrant activation of the hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is implicated widely in both pediatric and adult malignancies. Inactivation of the Hh regulator PTCH is responsible for the Gorlin cancer predisposition syndrome. The spectrum of tumors found in Gorlin Syndrome includes basal cell carcinoma, medulloblastoma, and rarely, rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). A previous report utilizing in situ hybridization has provided initial evidence for the expression of Hh targets GLI1 and PTCH in RMS tumors.ProcedureTo investigate the role of Hh pathway signaling in pediatric RMS and undifferentiated sarcoma (US) tumors, the expression of Hh pathway targets GLI1 and PTCH was measured. RNA was extracted from archival human tumor specimens collected from pediatric patients enrolled on Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study III and IV, and subjected to quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction.ResultsExpression of GLI1 with or without PTCH was detected in substantial subsets of embryonal RMS (ERMS) and US tumors but only rarely in alveolar RMS tumors. Neither PTCH mutations nor activating SMO mutations were detected in ERMS tumors with high GLI1 expression. Microarray analysis demonstrated relative overexpression of downstream Hh targets in ERMS tumors with high or intermediate GLI1 expression. Unlike a recent report, Hh pathway activity in ERMS tumors did not correlate with a unique clinical phenotype.ConclusionsOur findings support a role for Hh pathway activation in the genesis of a subset of ERMS and US tumors. Hh signaling may represent a novel therapeutic target in affected tumors. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 57: 930–938. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.