bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An iterative method for time optimal control of dynamic systems
Authors: Kashiri Navvab , Ghasemi Mohammad , Dardel Morteza 
Published: October 2011

An iterative method for time optimal control of dynamic systemsAn iterative method for time optimal control of a general type of dynamic systems is proposed, subject to limited control inputs. This method uses the indirect solution of open-loop optimal control problem. The necessary conditions for optimality are derived from Pontryagin's minimum principle and the obtained equations lead to a nonlinear two point boundary value problem (TPBVP). Since there are many difficulties in finding the switching points and in solving the resulted TPBVP, a simple iterative method based on solving the minimum energy solution is proposed. The method does not need finding the switching point so that the resulted TPBVP can be solved by usual algorithms such as shooting and collocation. Also, since the solution of TPBVPs is sensitive to initial guess, a short procedure for making the proper initial guess is introduced. To this end, the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated using time optimal solution of some systems: harmonic oscillator, robotic arm, double spring-mass problem with coulomb friction and F-8 aircraft.
Stability of continuous-discrete linear systems with delays in state vector
Authors: Kaczorek Tadeusz , Sajewski Łukasz 
Published: October 2011

Stability of continuous-discrete linear systems with delays in state vector
A new class of positive continuous-discrete linear systems with delays in state vector described by the model based on 2D general model is addressed. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the positivity and asymptotic stability of this class of linear systems are established. A procedure for checking the asymptotic stability is proposed. The effectiveness of the procedure is demonstrated on a numerical example.
Lampes d'Algérie. [I. Lampes à canal courbe de Maurétanie césarienne]
Authors: Bussière Jean 
Published: October 2011

Although lamps bearing inscriptions such as : "EMITELVCERNAS-COLATASABASSE" have for long drawn the attention of archaeologists, no comprehensive survey has been made. This is the purpose of the present work which records more than two thousand items forming a homogeneous type which will be called : lamps with a curved channel.
The author takes stock of the origin and the chronology of this local African production and includes a map of the findings.
The comparative study of the various inscriptions favours the interpretation of the group of letters : "ABASSE" as being the name of a potter rather than the price of the object.
Apart from the neighbouring provinces where it was exported this type of lamps is not actually found in the rest of the Roman world except in Asia Minor where it belongs to a well established stylistic tradition.
The abundant documentation about articles all originating from the same place enables the author moreover to make a few observations concerning moulding techniques particularly the process of moulding from existing lamps (surmoulage).
Surgical decompression of a caudal vertebral disc extrusion by dorsal laminectomy
Authors: Grange A. , Casale S. A. , Potanas C. P. 
Published: October 2011

SummaryA 3.5-year-old female spayed Beagle cross was presented to our emergency and referral facility for the complaint of acute onset paralysis of the tail. A full physical and neurological examination was performed which confirmed the absence of motor function in the tail. Signs of superficial and deep pain sensation to the tail remained intact. Orthogonal view survey radiographs identified mineralization superimposed over the intervertebral foramen of the first and second caudal vertebrae. A dorsal laminectomy was performed for surgical decompression of the caudal nerve roots. On the fourth postoperative day, the patient exhibited good motor function of the tail. Neurological improvement continued and 11 days postoperatively the patient demonstrated normal neurological function, free range-of-motion of the tail, and it did not exhibit any signs of pain. Follow-up examination was performed 76 days after surgery, at which time the patient exhibited normal neurological function and signs of a pain-free range-of-motion on manipulation of its tail.
Thirteen microsatellites developed by SSR‐enriched pyrosequencing for Solanum rostratum (Solanaceae) and related species
Authors: Vallejo‐Marín Mario , Solis‐Montero Lislie , Bacles Cecile F. E. , Lepais Olivier 
Published: October 2011

• Premise of the study: Microsatellite markers were developed using second‐generation sequencing in Solanum rostratum as a tool to study the reproductive biology and genetic structure of this invasive species.• Methods and Results: Thirteen microsatellites were successfully discovered and amplified in a single multiplexed PCR. All loci showed genetic variation in S. rostratum. Cross‐amplification in five closely related taxa was successful for a subset of loci.• Conclusions: The set of 13 microsatellite markers developed here provides a time‐effective and cost‐effective genetic tool to study the reproductive biology of S. rostratum. The demonstrated transferability of the PCR multiplex to related taxa also highlights its usefulness for evolutionary studies across Solanum sect. Androceras.
Bone Mineral Density Changes in Patients with Recent-Onset Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Hafez Eman A. , Mansour Howaida E. , Hamza Sherin H. , Moftah Sherine George , Younes Takwa Badr , Ismail Mona Ahmed 
Published: October 2011

Background Osteoporosis and related fragility fractures are one of the most common complications seen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and dramatically affect quality of life. Objective To evaluate changes in bone mineral density in patients with recent onset rheumatoid arthritis (< 1 year) and its correlation if any with a modified DAS-28 score and simple erosion narrowing score (SENS). Methods This study included 30 patients with recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis fulfilling the new American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism diagnostic criteria for rheumatoid arthritis and 20 healthy volunteers as controls. All were subjected to a complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, liver function tests, renal function tests, rheumatoid factor, and plain x-rays of the hands and feet. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry DEXA was used to measure bone mineral density (BMD) of the left proximal femur, lumbar spine (L1–L4), and lower distal radius at the time of recruitment. Results In the RA patients, 13.3% had osteoporosis, 50% had osteopenia, and 36.7% had normal BMD. The most common site of osteoporosis was the lumbar spine (four patients, 13.3%) followed by the femur (two patients, 6.6%), and forearm (only one patient, 3.3%). There was a significantly higher percentage of osteoporosis among RA males than females and the difference was statistically significant ( P = 0.009). Osteoporosis was more common in patients treated with corticosteroids and disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) than in patients treated with only nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( P = 0.004). Higher disease activity (DAS-28) was found in RA patients with osteoporosis compared to RA patients with normal BMD or osteopenia, but the difference was not statistically significant. Osteoporotic RA patients were found to have a higher SENS score for radiological damage than nonosteoporotic ones. Conclusion BMD changes do occur in patients with early RA, and are not necessarily correlated with disease activity (DAS-28). However, a significant negative correlation was found between BMD and the score of radiological damage (SENS). Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry is an important investigation to assess BMD in early RA patients.
Highly Regioselective Isomerization–Hydroformylation of Internal Olefins Catalyzed by Rhodium/Tetraphosphine Complexes
Authors: Cai Chaoxian , Yu Shichao , Liu Guodu , Zhang Xiaowei , Zhang Xumu 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA new class of substituted tetraphosphine ligands has been applied in the rhodium‐catalyzed regioselective isomerization–hydroformylation of internal olefins. The rhodium/tetraphosphine ligand system is highly effective for the isomerization and hydroformylation of 2‐alkenes to form linear aldehydes. Greater than 95% linear selectivity and up to 94% yield of the total aldehydes were obtained for 2‐pentene, 2‐hexene and 2‐octene. The catalyst system also showed high to moderate linear selectivity for the isomerization and hydroformylation of 3‐hexene, 3‐octene and 4‐octene but with slow reaction rates.
Development and validation of stable‐isotope dilution liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometric method for determination of salivary progesterone
Authors: Higashi Tatsuya , Ito Koichi , Narushima Misato , Sugiura Takahiro , Inagaki Shinsuke , Min Jun Zhe , Toyo'oka Toshimasa 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTA method for the quantification of progesterone (PROG) in human saliva using liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐ESI‐MS/MS) has been developed and validated. The saliva was deproteinized with acetonitrile, purified using a Strata™‐X cartridge, and subjected to LC‐ESI‐MS/MS. Quantification was based on selected reaction monitoring, and deuterated PROG was used as the internal standard. This method allowed the reproducible (intra‐ and inter‐assay relative standard deviations, <2.2%) and accurate (analytical recovery, 96.6–99.7%) quantification of the salivary PROG using a 400 μL sample, and the limit of quantification was 12.5 pg/mL. The developed method enabled detection of the variation in the salivary PROG concentrations of healthy volunteers during the menstrual cycle and measurement of the salivary concentrations of pregnant women. The method is expected to be an alternative to the blood PROG monitoring in clinical examinations, because saliva collection is easy, non‐invasive and repeatable. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effect of crucible bottom deformation on the quality of Nd:GGG crystals grown by Czochralski method
Authors: Saeedi H. , Asadian M. , Enayati Sh. , Mirzaei N. , Mashayekhi Asl I. , Sabbaghzadeh J. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn this paper, we report the growth of neodymium doped Gadolinium Gallium Garnet (Nd: GGG) crystal using Czochralski (CZ) method, and study the effects of crucible bottom deformation and thermal insulator thickness on the growth process and crystal quality. Garnet structure and <111> crystallography orientation of the crystal were confirmed by the X‐Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Macroscopic defects, residual stresses, quality, and homogeneity of the crystals were investigated by means of parallel plane polariscope and laser fizeau interferometer respectively and the results compared together. Experimental observations show that the crucible bottom deformation from flat to convex, and decreasing the thickness of zirconia insulator under the crucible result in the formation of lateral cores and increasing the crystal inhomogeneity and tensions, leading to the decrease of the crystal quality. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
High melting point oxides – a challenge for crystal growth
Authors: Klimm D. , Bertram R. , Galazka Z. , Ganschow S. , Schulz D. , Uecker R. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe paper reviews two issues that are inherent to the growth, and to thermal analysis, of high melting oxides: (1) Oxides are thermodynamically stable only within atmospheres where the oxygen partial pressure exceeds some minimum value that rises with temperature. This is problematic if Ir, W, or other high melting crucible materials have to be used, as these metals withstand only limited oxygen access. (2) At very high temperature radiation dominates over thermal conduction, limiting heat flow through the growing crystal. Strategies to overcome both problems are demonstrated. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Thermal modulation and breakup of liquid jets
Authors: Gao Zhanjun , Ng Kam 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYIn this paper, we study the breakup behavior of Newtonian liquid and non‐Newtonian liquid jets with an arbitrary variation surface tension imposed along its length. The effect of duty cycle, fluid properties, and the various profiles of the surface tension is investigated. It is shown that the breakup behavior of a jet can be constructed by using the Fourier expansion of the surface tension profile. When the dimensionless wavenumber k is larger than 0.5, the jet breakup behavior is determined by the lowest frequency of the Fourier series expansion of the surface tension profile. As k decreases, higher frequency Fourier modes come to play. In general, for k between, 1∕(n+ 1) and 1∕n,n Fourier modes are needed to determine the jet breakup behavior. The current nonlinear model differs from the existing linear slender jet model in the literature in several ways. While the principle of superposition is valid for the linear model, it is not generally valid for the current nonlinear model. For the linear model, the jet will never break up when the wavenumber is larger than 1. The current model, however, shows clearly that the jet can indeed break up when the wavenumber is larger than 1. Furthermore, the current nonlinear model predicts a breakup time substantially higher than that from the linear model.Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of quadruple corner‐cut ridged elliptical waveguide by scaled boundary finite element method
Authors: Liu Jun , Lin Gao 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYThe scaled boundary FEM (SBFEM) is a novel semi‐analytical approach, which combines the advantages of the FEM and BEM with appealing features of its own. In this paper, the method is applied to analyse the quadruple corner‐cut ridged elliptical waveguide. A quarter of the waveguide is adopted and divided into a few subdomains. SBFEM only discretizes the surface boundaries of the subdomains in the sense of FEM, and no discretization of side‐face boundaries is needed, leading to great flexibility in mesh generation with very few nodes. It transforms the governing PDEs to ODEs of the radial parameter by the variational principle. The radial differential equation is then solved fully analytically without adoption of any numerical scheme, which brings out the inherent advantage for solving a singularity problem. Based on the SBFEM governing equation and introducing the dynamic stiffness of waveguide, a generalised eigenvalue equation with respect to cut‐off wave number is formulated by a continued fraction solution without introducing an internal mesh. The numerical example demonstrates the simplicity, excellent computation accuracy and efficiency of the present SBFEM approach. Influences of corner‐cut ridge dimensions on the cut‐off wave numbers of modes are examined in detail. Therefore, these results provide an extension to the existing design data for ridged waveguides and are considered helpful in practical applications. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of a universal chain‐growth polymerization protocol of conjugated polymers: Toward a variety of all‐conjugated block‐copolymers
Authors: Verswyvel Michiel , Verstappen Pieter , De Cremer Lieven , Verbiest Thierry , Koeckelberghs Guy 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis manuscript reports a universal chain‐growth polymerization protocol for conjugated polymers. Herein, the Pd‐based catalyst moiety dissociates from the growing active center into the solution and therefore, the controlled chain‐growth character is not relying on any specific, system‐related complexation, as is the case in polymerization methods reported before. This makes the protocol applicable on a broad range of monomers and, furthermore, also allows an easy one‐pot synthesis of block‐copolymers by successive monomer addition. A chain‐growth polymerization mechanism for poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and poly(9,9‐dioctylfluorene) (PF) and all‐conjugated block‐copolymers of them is presented. Moreover, the sequence of monomer addition in the synthesis of these conjugated block‐copolymers is unimportant, which is unique. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
Covalently stabilized vesicles derived from amphiphilic multiarm star polymers: Preparation, characterization, and their capability of hosting different polarity of guests
Authors: Cao Peng‐Fei , Zhao Rong‐Xu , Li Lin , Yang Wen‐Wen , Cheng Fa , Chen Yu , Lu Cong‐Hua , Jiang Shi‐Chun 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe large amount of terminal hydroxyl groups of amphiphilic multiarm star copolymers with hyperbranched polyethylenimine (PEI) as the hydrophilic core and poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) arms as the hydrophobic shell were completely transformed into the radical‐crosslinkable methacrylate (MA) groups. The resulting PEI‐b‐PCL‐MA polymers could self‐assemble into vesicles in water, which was verified by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). After crosslinking the intravesicular MA groups, covalently stabilized vesicles (CSVs) were generated. These CSVs were further characterized by DLS and TEM, and it was found that the corona of the vesicles was not the simple double‐layer structure, but contained a certain amount of PEI‐b‐PCL unimolecular micellar units between the double‐layer. These CSVs could accommodate both apolar and polar guests using their hydrophobic PCL zones and void cores, respectively. Moreover, these CSVs showed superior capacities for apolar guests to their noncrosslinked precursors and the corresponding traditional amphiphilic multishell star polymers. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012
Evidence‐Based Selective Application of Transhiatal Esophagectomy in a High‐Volume Esophageal Center
Authors: Donohoe Claire L. , O’Farrell Naoimh J. , Ravi Narayamasamy , Reynolds John V. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackgroundTransthoracic esophagectomy (TTE) with lymphadenectomy represents the gold standard of operative approaches to esophageal cancer. The TTE procedure carries significant operative risk, particularly in patients with co‐morbidities, and the possible oncologic benefit of a mediastinal lymph node dissection in certain subgroups of patients with esophageal cancer is controversial. Transhiatal esophagectomy (THE), which avoids a thoracotomy, may reduce morbidity and mortality below levels seen with TTE, and there is no proof from randomized studies of any oncologic inferiority to TTE in patients with early tumors. Accordingly, the selective use of THE has increased in our high‐volume center in recent years, and this study audits that experience over the last decadeMethodsBetween 2000 and 2009 inclusive, 584 patients were treated surgically with curative intent. The standard operative approach in our unit is en bloc TTE, and THE represents 5.5% overall, and 11.1% in the second 5‐year period (2004–2009), compared with 2% previously. The present study details the selection of these cases (n = 32) treated with THE and their outcomes, as well as the outcomes in the TTE (n = 438) groupResultTranshiatal esophagectomy was used for early stage carcinoma (n = 18) and for patients of advanced age who also had co‐morbidities (n = 14). Patients undergoing THE were significantly older (68.46 versus 63.07 years of age; p = 0.002), and were at higher operative risk based on ASA grade (grade 3: 53.1% versus 17.3%; p < 0.001), compared with TTE patients. The THE cohort also included more patients with early cancers compared with the TTE cohort (56.3% versus 17.6%; p < 0.001). There were no differences in R0 resection rates for patients with early tumors or advanced co‐morbidity. Nodal yields were lower in THE patients (p = 0.005). The overall complication rate was lower in the THE group (31.6% versus 44.2%; p = 0.021), and there were no postoperative deaths in the transhiatal group, whereas the in‐hospital mortality rate for the TTE group was 3% (p < 0.001). Disease‐specific survival was equivalent with each approach.ConclusionsTranshiatal esophagectomy has a role in a pragmatic individualized approach to esophageal cancer. As an alternative to a standardized en bloc transthoracic esophagectomy, the transhiatal approach may be suitable for patients with predicted node‐negative cancers or those with resectable disease who are not candidates for TTE because of co‐morbidity.
Split-rib reconstruction of the frontal sinus: two cases and literature review
Authors: Soyka M B , Guggenheim M , Arnoux A , Holzmann D 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackground:Large defects of the anterior wall of the frontal sinus require closure using either autologous or foreign material. In cases of osteomyelitis, the reconstruction must be resistant to bacterial infection. Split-rib osteoplasty can be used in different sites.Methods:Two patients with malignant sinonasal tumours underwent repeated treatment, and subsequently developed osteomyelitis of the frontal bone. After adequate therapy, a large defect of the anterior wall persisted. Reconstruction was performed using the split-rib method. The literature on this topic was reviewed.Results:Both patients' treatment were successful. No complications occurred. A PubMed search on the topic of rib reconstruction of the frontal sinus and skull was performed; 18 publications matched the inclusion criteria. From these sources, we noted that 182 reconstructions yielded good results with few complications.Conclusion:Large defects of the anterior wall of the frontal sinus can be closed successfully using autologous split-rib grafting. Aesthetic outcome is good and donor site morbidity is minimal.
Facial nerve palsy caused by parotid gland abscess
Authors: Kristensen R N , Hahn C H 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectives:We present the first report of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes parotid abscesses complicated by facial nerve palsy. Facial nerve palsy secondary to parotid gland abscess is rare, with only eight previously reported cases.Method:Case reports and literature review concerning parotid abscess and facial nerve palsy presentation and management.Case reports:Within two months, two female patients presented with parotid gland abscess complicated by unilateral facial paralysis. Both were treated with intravenous antibiotics and surgery. In the first case, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was cultivated, in the other, Propionibacterium acnes was found. In the first case, facial nerve function did not recover.Conclusion:Parotid gland abscess can lead to facial paralysis. Both methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes may be involved. Ultrasonography or computed tomography is recommended to exclude a parotid abscess in patients presenting with suppurative parotitis.