bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical significance of visual cardiac 18F-FDG uptake in advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Hashimoto KOSUKE , Kaira KYOICHI , Imai HISAO , Yamaguchi OU , Mouri ATSUTO , Shiono AYAKO , Miura Yu , Kobayashi KUNIHIKO , Kagamu HIROSHI , Kuji ICHIEI 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Two-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]-fluoro-d-glucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) is useful for detecting malignant lesions; however, the clinical significance of cardiac 18F-FDG uptake in patients with cancer remains unclear. This preliminary study explored the relationship between cardiac 18F-FDG uptake and advanced diseases such as cancer cachexia in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods: Forty-three patients with advanced NSCLC who underwent 18F-FDG PET and complained of weight loss before the first-line systemic therapy were retrospectively included in this study. Visual assessment using a 5-point scale based on 18F-FDG uptake was performed; a cut-off score of 3 was determined, a low score was 1, 2, or 3, and a high score was 4 or 5).
Results: High and low visual cardiac 18F-FDG uptakes were observed in 27 (62.8%) and 16 (37.2%) patients, respectively. Of the 43 patients, 17 (39.5%) definitely had cachexia, and 26 (60.5%) did not. A low visual score and standardized uptake valuemax for cardiac 18F-FDG uptake were significantly associated with high metabolic tumor activity and a high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, whereas a low visual score for cardiac 18F-FDG uptake and high metabolic tumor activity were significantly associated with cachexia. The amount of cardiac 18F-FDG accumulation depicted a close relationship with body mass index, low weight loss, and inflammation. The combination of cachexia and low visual cardiac 18F-FDG uptake was identified as a significant predictor for poor overall survival (OS).
Conclusion: Decreased visual cardiac 18F-FDG uptake was associated with poor nutritional status and OS, and cachexia in patients with advanced NSCLC.
Transitive reasoning in the adult domestic hen in a six-term series task
Authors: Degrande Rachel , Amichaud Océane , Piégu Benoît , Cornilleau Fabien , Jardat Plotine , Ferreira Vitor Hugo Bessa , Colson Violaine , Lansade Léa , Calandreau Ludovic 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Transitive inference (TI) is a disjunctive syllogism that allows an individual to indirectly infer a relationship between two components, by knowing their respective relationship to a third component (if A > B and B > C then A > C). The common procedure is the 5-terms series task, in which individuals are tested on indirect, unlearned relations. Few bird species have been tested for TI to date, which limits our knowledge of the phylogenetic spread of such reasoning ability. Here we tested TI in adult laying hens using a more solid methodology, the 6-terms series task, which has not been tested in poultry so far. Six hens were trained to learn direct relationships in a sequence of six arbitrary items (A > B > C > D > E > F) in a hybrid training procedure. Then, 12 testing sessions were run, comprising 3 non-rewarded inference trials each: BD, BE, and CE. All subjects showed TI within 12 inference trials and were capable of TI whatever the relative distance between the items in the series. We found that TI performance was not impacted by the reinforcement ratios of the items for most individuals; thus, making it harder to support a purely associative-based resolution of the task. We suggest that TI is based on the same cognitive processes in poultry (Galloanserae) than in modern flying birds (Neoaves), and that the cognitive strategy to solve the task might be driven mainly by individual parameters within species. These results contribute to a better understanding of transitive reasoning in birds.
Impact of Postoperative Radiotherapy on Survival in Primary Osteosarcoma: A population-based study
Authors: Gao HongXiang , Dang YaZheng , Liu XiaoChao , Chen JieXin , Zhao HongLiang , Li Jia , Zhang KeJia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

PURPOSE
To evaluate the impact of postoperative radiotherapy on survival in osteosarcoma patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Total of 3218 participants aged 3–85 years with primary bone and joint osteosarcoma, primary site resection, and/or postoperative radiotherapy were enrolled from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Multiple imputations were utilized to fill in missing data, a directed acyclic graph was constructed to identify causal pathways, and propensity score matching at a ratio of 1:1 was employed to balance covariate characteristics. The Kaplan-Meier method was utilized to estimate survival rates, which were compared the rates using the Log-rank test, and univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. Subsequently, sensitivity analyses were conducted on the conclusions using subgroup analysis, competitive risk analysis, and complete dataset analysis.
RESULTS
A total of 430 patients in the analysis, with 215 in the Radiotherapy and Non-Radiotherapy groups. The 5-year overall survival rates (OS) were 39.1% and 47.1% in the two groups, and the 5-year cancer-specific survival rates (CSS) were 45.5% and 51.8%, respectively. Comparison of the survival rate between the two groups using the Log-rank test yielded non-significant differences (OS, χ2 = 2.029, p = 0.154; CSS, χ2 = 0.826, p = 0.363). Both univariate and multivariate analyses revealed no significant differencse in survival associated with radiotherapy. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis findings were consistent with these conclusions.
CONCLUSION
Postoperative radiotherapy for primary bone and joint osteosarcoma has not shown survival benefits, and its value should be reassessed in multidisciplinary management.
Dose Escalation in Radical Radio(chemo)therapy for Cervical and Upper Thoracic Esophageal Cancer with 3DCRT/IMRT (ChC&amp;UES): A Multi-center Real world Study
Authors: Zhao Xiao-Han , Zhang Wen-Cheng , Wang Xin , Chen Jun-Qiang , Xu Yuan-Ji , Zhao Kuai-Le , Huang Wei , Qian Pu-Dong , Liu Ya-Tian , Ge Xiao-Lin , Xia Xiao-Jie , Weng Chen-Gang , Gai Chun-Yue , Wang He-Song , Gao Hong-Mei , Shen Wen-Bin , Zhu Shu-Chai 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background Cervical and upper thoracic esophageal cancer (ESCA) presents treatment challenges due to limited clinical evidence. This multi-center study (ChC&UES) explores radical radio(chemo)therapy efficacy and safety, especially focusing on radiation dose.
Method We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 1,422 cases across 8 medical centers. According to the radiation dose for primary gross tumor, patients were divided into standard dose radiotherapy (SD, 50-55 Gy) or high dose (HD, >55 Gy) radiotherapy. HD was further subdivided into conventional- high-dose group (HD-conventional, 55Gy-63Gy) and ultra-high-dose group (HD-ultra, ≥63Gy). Primary outcome was Overall Survival (OS).
Results The median OS was 33.0 months (95% CI: 29.401-36.521) in the whole cohort. Compared with SD, HD shown significant improved survival in cervical ESCA in Kaplan-Meier (P=0.026) and cox multivariate regression analysis (P=0.018) while shown comparable survival in upper thoracic ESCA (P=0.734). No significant difference existed between HD-conventional and HD-ultra in cervical (P=0.976) and upper thoracic (P=0.610) ESCA. Incidences of radiation esophagitis and pneumonia from HD were comparable to SD (P=0.097, 0.240), while myosuppression risk was higher(P=0.039). The Bonferroni method revealed that, for both cervical and upper thoracic ESCA, HD-ultra enhance the objective response rate (ORR) compared to SD (P< 0.05). Combination of chemotherapy was an dependent prognosis factor of OS (P=0.000,0.039), no survival advantage was found with different chemotherapy regimens or prolonged chemotherapy >4 cycles (All P＞0.05).
Conclusion: HD radiotherapy benefits cervical but not upper thoracic ESCA, while increasing bone marrow suppression risk. Further dose escalating (≥ 63Gy) doesn't improve survival but enhances ORR.
Academic burden and emotional problems among adolescents in China: a longitudinal mediation analysis
Authors: Wang Jingyi , Wang Ziyao , Yang Yuting , Wang Tingting , Lin Haijiang , Zhang Wei , Chen Xiaoxiao , Fu Chaowei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background There is a high prevalence of depression and anxiety in adolescents, and emotional problems are more likely to occur for students with high academic burden. The reasons underlying the educational impact are not well understood. This study aimed to explore loneliness, physical activity, and sleep as potential mediating pathways between academic burden and emotional problems in adolescents. Methods A longitudinal cohort study was conducted among middle and high school students in Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province, China with data collected at three time points (T1: April-May 2022, T2: September-October 2022, T3: February-May 2023). Depressive and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Children’s Depression Inventory and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, respectively. Structural equation modeling was employed to analyze the direct effect of academic burden (measured by study time and academic stress) on depressive and anxiety symptoms, and the indirect effects of academic burden via three mediators: loneliness, physical activity, and sleep. Results Using data from 2965 adolescents who completed all the three assessments, we found that higher academic stress at T1 was directly associated with more severe depressive symptoms at T3. Sleep (indirect effect 0.08, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.10), loneliness (0.07, 0.06 to 0.08) and physical activity (0.01, 0.002 to 0.01) mediated the association, accounting for 30.8%, 26.7% and 1.9% of the total effect of academic stress respectively. For anxiety symptoms, sleep (0.04, 0.03 to 0.05) and loneliness (0.03, 0.02 to 0.03) mediated the effect of academic stress with longitudinal mediation effect sizes of 34.4% and 20.8%, respectively. Study time was only associated with the outcomes indirectly via academic stress. Conclusions Our findings suggest that sleep, loneliness and physical activity could partly explain why adolescents with higher academic stress had more severe emotional problems, highlighting the importance of behavior and psychosocial differences driven by academic burden in explaining severity of mental health problems. The findings should raise awareness about the related risk factors of academic burden for adolescents, and strengthen calls for comprehensive strategies to improve adolescent mental health.
Anisomycin selectively inhibit the shifts of optimal orientations in the visual cortex of mouse.
Authors: Jain Ekta , Lussiez Rudy , Molotchnikoff Stephane 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The phenomenon of neuronal orientation selectivity, which refers to the capacity to efficiently react to a preferred orientation, has been widely observed in visual cortex. This selectivity serves as the underlying framework for cortical organization and the development of functional networks. While traditionally considered fixed in the mature brain, recent studies have explored plasticity in adult V1 by modifying orientation selectivity through visual adaptation which is achieved by presenting non-preferred orientation for several minutes. Orientation selectivity arises from the spatial clustering of synapses that have distinct preferences onto a dendritic branch. Our investigation was carried out through electrophysiological recordings which were done on CD-1 female mouse (9-11 weeks). The analysis was done on 85 cells recorded from 6 mice. Our research aims to ascertain whether antibiotics impact orientation selectivity by spine formation. Anisomycin, inhibits protein synthesis by interfering with peptidyl transferase activity in eukaryotic ribosomes. Our data has demonstrated a change in preferred selectivity of orientation following visual adaptation which induces a shift of preferred orientation. The detection of polyribosomes within the spines suggests that protein synthesis takes place directly within the postsynaptic compartment. Dendritic protein synthesis plays a role in stabilizing recently inserted glutamate receptors, thereby contributing to excitatory synaptic transmission in the spines. Application of Anisomycin can therefore impede the morphogenesis of dendritic spines and the associated receptors, consequently blocking neuronal communication. Our results demonstrate that the application of antibiotics prevented a shift in the preferred orientation after adaptation suggesting a hindrance to the formation of new spines. Moreover, the antibiotic also interfered with the association between orientation selectivity and the change in preferred orientation. This suggests that Anisomycin application disrupts the transmission of signals among neurons. Our results show that optimal orientation selectivity depends on spine cluster activity.
Experimental study on dynamic mechanical properties of multidirectional constrained water-bearing coal samples under dynamic-static coupling loading
Authors: xie beijing , zhang ben , zhao shunkun , wei shanyang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In order to explore the dynamic mechanical properties of coal and rock under deep water conditions. This article is based on an improved Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) testing system. By conducting five sets of dynamic impact experiments on coal samples under different loading conditions, the changes in dynamic strength, energy dissipation, fractal dimension and other characteristics of coal samples under different water content states were analyzed. The experimental results show that: (1) under certain strain rate conditions, the dynamic strength of saturated coal samples is lower than that of natural coal samples. As the strain rate gradually increases, the bonding force generated by free water and the Stefan effect jointly act, and the peak strength of saturated coal samples under high strain rate loading conditions is higher than that of natural coal samples. (2) Under certain strain rate conditions, the absorption energy of saturated coal samples is about 10% -30% lower than that of natural coal samples, and deformation hysteresis phenomenon occurs in natural coal samples, thereby improving the dynamic strength of natural coal samples relative to saturated coal samples; (3) The fractal dimension of saturated coal samples with a specific strain rate under three-dimensional dynamic static combination loading is higher than that of natural coal samples, and the percentage of small particle coal samples with debris is higher than that of natural coal samples; Finally, based on the HJC model, some coal samples were selected to simulate the coal rock failure characteristics during the triaxial loading process using ANSYS/LS-DYNA, and their stress-strain curves and failure morphology diagrams were obtained. The relative difference between numerical simulation and experiments was less than 10%, further revealing and verifying the coal failure process and dynamic mechanical characteristics
Willingness Centrality: A New Centrality Measure Based on the Number of Edges Participating in Cycles
Authors: Kivi Mahdi Esmailnia , Afshord Saeid Taghavi , Bouyer Asgarali , Majidnezhad Vahid 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Researchers of complex networks have always sought to discover hidden information in networks. Centrality measures are quantitative data used to display information that cannot be seen at first glance in the network and indicate the importance of a node or edge. Due to the limitation of processing power and the complexity of real-world problems, processes are moving towards localization. This paper proposes a new method to represent edge importance based on the number of edges involved in 3 and 4-cycles. Also, an algorithm with O(n*((m/n)^2)) time complexity is presented to find these cycles. The number assigned to each edge indicates how many times it appears in short cycles. The delta coefficient is defined to increase the effect of 3-cycles. This measure can be calculated for nodes by summing the centrality of edges and dividing by two. Using the willingness centrality measure in issues such as community detection and its acceptable result shows the practicality of the proposed method.
Post traumatic growth, resilience, social support and coping styles in the parents of very low birth weight infants: a multi-center cross sectional study
Authors: Wu Lili , Pan Yuqing , Zheng Qingxiang , Chen Xiaoqian , Jiang Xiumin , Lin Ying , Liu Guihua 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Post-traumatic growth can guide parents to cherish life more deeply, thereby improving the quality of care they provide to their children. Despite evidence linking a resilience with post traumatic growth, the processes by which aspect of resilience influences post traumatic growth remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of social support and coping styles in the relationship between resilience and post traumatic growth.
Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 344 parents of infants who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of 9 comprehensive or specialized hospitals at level two or above in Fujian Province were selected by convenience sampling method. Five self-reported questionnaires were completed by participants. The data were analyzed by SAS 9.4 statistical software. Structural equation modeling was used to determine the relationships between the components using AMOS 24.0 software.
Results: Psychological resilience can directly influence post-traumatic growth, or indirectly affect it through the mediating roles of social support and positive coping style (P<0.05). The noteworthy point is that social support can only influence post traumatic growth through positive coping style.
Conclusions: This study provides further insight into the importance of strengthening resilience, providing support and developing positive coping strategies from nurses and healthcare providers for promoting post traumatic growth among very low birth weight infants parents. It is especially important to implement interventions directly targeting the enhancement of resilience of parents of very low birth weight infants.
Tropical coastlines robustizing stratospheric quasi-biennial cycle
Authors: Yamanaka Manabu D. , Ogino Shin-Ya 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Robust existence of the equatorial-stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO)1,2 affecting the global climate3,4,5,6 has been explained by heating-independent wave-mean flow interaction7,8,9, but requested bidirectional (east/westward propagating) waves generated in the troposphere have never been ascertained. The strongest mode of heating on the equatorial lands with diurnal cycles drives the sea-land breeze circulations (SLBCs) centered at the Indonesian maritime continent (IMC) with the longest coastline10,11,12, which organize convective clouds maintaining global atmospheric energy and water cycles13. Here we show from improved objective re-analysis data (JRA-55)14 that SLBCs are the bidirectional (land/seaward) waves maintaining QBO. Among these “SLBC waves”, slow zonal and all meridional waves are absorbed by interactions with the tropospheric Walker and Hadley circulations, and only suitably fast zonal waves are propagated into the stratosphere. The momentum flux divergence per unit mass ±2 m/s/month corresponds to a zonal wind acceleration ±30 m/s/1.25 year of QBO. These findings reveal that QBO is dependent on insolation, Earth’s rotation (daytime length), and the distribution of coastline as the triple boundary among land, sea and air, which are changed with tectonics and climate. Equatorial SLBC-resolving models make climate change prediction more accurate.
Kinetic heterogeneity is associated with axillary lymph node metastasis in cN0 breast cancer based on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging radiomics nomogram
Authors: Shen Tongxu , Ye Dingli , Yao Ming , Yan Jieqiong , Zhang Han , Sun Shuangyan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
To investigate whether kinetic heterogeneity, assessed via dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI)-based radiomics nomogram, associated with axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) in cN0 breast cancer.
Methods
373 consecutive women with cN0 breast cancer who underwent preoperative DCE-MRI were retrospectively evaluated from 2016 to 2020. The kinetic heterogeneity (a measure of heterogeneity in the proportions of peak enhancement, peak enhancement ratio, persistent, plateau, and washout) was assessed with DCE-MRI using B.K. software automatically. Radiomics features were extracted from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images of the primary breast cancer lesion. The minimum redundancy maximum relevance algorithm was used to select ALNM positively-related features and radiomics score was constructed. Clinical features, MRI features, kinetic heterogeneity, and radiomics score were screened out by multivariate logistic regression analysis, and the nomogram was constructed from these characteristics. Possible associations between DCE-MRI-based kinetic heterogeneity and ALNM were analyzed. The unsupervised clustering K-Mean algorithm was use to risk stratification.
Results
Five independent risk factors were screened out to build the nomogram, including: age, margin, ratio, washout, and radiomics score. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.857 and 0.858 in the training and test cohorts, respectively. The risk stratification system divided all patients into three risk groups. Axillary lymph node dissection was not recommended for the low-risk group and was strongly recommended for the high-risk group.
Conclusions
Radiomic analysis of kinetic heterogeneity based on the DCE-MRI images has the potential to more accurately identify tumor kinetic features and serve as a valuable clinical marker to enhance the prediction of ALNM in cN0 breast cancer.
Role of Uridine Phosphorylase 1 in Cancer: A Comprehensive Pan-Cancer Analysis Highlighting Its Prognostic and Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Yu Shuihong , Jiang Tao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Uridine phosphorylase 1 (UPP1), implicated as an oncogene, plays a pivotal role in the metabolism of pyrimidine nucleosides, which are crucial for cellular replication and tumor progression. Despite its importance, a systematic pan-cancer analysis of UPP1 has not been previously conducted. This study addresses this gap by evaluating UPP1's gene expression, genetic alterations, DNA methylation, and prognostic significance across 33 different cancer types, utilizing extensive bioinformatics resources, including TIMER, GEPIA, UALCAN, cBioPortal, and Kaplan–Meier Plotter. Our findings indicate that UPP1 is highly expressed in 19 cancer types and significantly down-regulated in four. Importantly, high levels of UPP1 are associated with adverse survival outcomes in eight types of cancer, highlighting its potential as a negative prognostic marker. The study also reveals that gene amplification is the predominant alteration of UPP1 in these cancers. Furthermore, variations in promoter methylation across cancers suggest a regulatory mechanism potentially influencing UPP1 expression. Our analysis also establishes a significant association between UPP1 expression and both tumor mutational burden (TMB) and microsatellite instability (MSI) in several cancers, as well as a correlation with the level of immune cell infiltration. This comprehensive pan-cancer analysis underscores the importance of UPP1 as both a prognostic biomarker and a possible therapeutic target, providing a foundational basis for further investigation into its roles in cancer biology and therapy.