bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on coupled mode flutter parameters of large wind turbine blades
Authors: Zhuang Yong , Yuan Guangming 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs the size of wind turbine blades increases, the flexibility of the blades increases. In actual operation, airflow flow can cause aerodynamic elastic instability of the blade structure. Long blades may experience coupled mode flutter due to the bending torsion coupling effect, leading to blade failure. Based on Euler Bernoulli beam theory combined with Theodorsen non directional aerodynamic loads, a blade flutter characteristic equation is established through finite element method. Taking NREL 5 MW wind turbine blades as an example, analyze the influence of parameter changes in different regions of the blades on flutter characteristics. Research has found that paramter changes in the tip region of blade have the greatest impact on flutter characteristics. The vibration frequency shows an overall upward trend with the increase of waving stiffness and torsional stiffness. The flutter velocity of the three regions tends to stabilize as the bending stiffness decreases. The blade flutter speed increases with the increase of torsional stiffness. The radius of gyration is inversely proportional to the flutter frequency and flutter velocity. The impact of centroid offset on blade structure flutter frequency is minimal, but the centroid offset in the tip region has a greater impact on flutter velocity. Increasing the torsional frequency can prevent coupled mode flutter and provide a theoretical basis for blade flutter prevention design.
The slopes of sub-barrier heavy-ion fusion excitation functions shed light on the dynamics of quantum tunnelling
Authors: Stefanini A. M. , Montagnoli G. , Del Fabbro M. , Corradi L. , Fioretto E. , Szilner S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractQuantum tunnelling plays a crucial role in heavy-ion fusion reactions at sub-barrier energies, especially in the context of nuclear physics and astrophysics. The nuclear structure of the colliding nuclei and nucleon transfer processes represent intrinsic degrees of freedom. They are coupled to the relative ion motion and, in general, increase the probability of tunnelling. The influence of couplings to nucleon transfer channels relatively to inelastic excitations, on heavy-ion fusion cross sections, is one of the still open problems in this field. We present a new analysis of several systems, based on the combined observation of the energy-weighted excitation functions $$E\sigma $$

E
σ

in relation to their first energy derivatives $$d(E\sigma )/dE$$

d
(
E
σ
)
/
d
E

. The relation between $$d(E\sigma )/dE$$

d
(
E
σ
)
/
d
E

and $$E\sigma $$

E
σ

removes the basic differences due to the varying Coulomb barrier when comparing different systems. We show that, depending on the nuclear structure and/or the presence of strong transfer channels, this representation reveals characteristic features below the barrier. The possible presence of cross section oscillations makes this analysis less clear for light- or medium-light systems.
An optimised patient-derived explant platform for breast cancer reflects clinical responses to chemotherapy and antibody-directed therapy
Authors: Demetriou Constantinos , Abid Naila , Butterworth Michael , Lezina Larissa , Sandhu Pavandeep , Howells Lynne , Powley Ian R. , Pringle James H. , Sidat Zahirah , Qassid Omar , Purnell Dave , Kaushik Monika , Duckworth Kaitlin , Hartshorn Helen , Thomas Anne , Shaw Jacqui A. , MacFarlane Marion , Pritchard Catrin , Miles Gareth J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBreast Cancer is the most common cancer among women globally. Despite significant improvements in overall survival, many tumours are refractory to therapy and so novel approaches are required to improve patient outcomes. We have evaluated patient-derived explants (PDEs) as a novel preclinical platform for breast cancer (BC) and implemented cutting-edge digital pathology and multi-immunofluorescent approaches for investigating biomarker changes in both tumour and stromal areas at endpoint. Short-term culture of intact fragments of BCs as PDEs retained an intact immune microenvironment, and tumour architecture was augmented by the inclusion of autologous serum in the culture media. Cell death/proliferation responses to FET chemotherapy in BC-PDEs correlated significantly with BC patient progression-free survival (p = 0.012 and p = 0.0041, respectively) and cell death responses to the HER2 antibody therapy trastuzumab correlated significantly with HER2 status (p = 0.018). These studies show that the PDE platform combined with digital pathology is a robust preclinical approach for informing clinical responses to chemotherapy and antibody-directed therapies in breast cancer. Furthermore, since BC-PDEs retain an intact tumour architecture over the short-term, they facilitate the preclinical testing of anti-cancer agents targeting the tumour microenvironment.
Optimizing charge transport in hybrid GaN-PEDOT:PSS/PMMADevice for advanced application
Authors: Fakhri Makram A. , Salim Evan T. , Ketab Marwah R. , Jabbar Haneen D. , Ibrahim Omar A. , Azzahrani Ahmad S. , AbdulRazzaq Mohammed Jalal , Ismail Raid A. , Basem Ali , Alsultany Forat H. , Gopinath Subash C. B. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOrganic–inorganic hybrid light-emitting devices have garnered significant attention in the last few years due to their potential. These devices integrate the superior electron mobility of inorganic semiconductors with the remarkable optoelectronic characteristics of organic semiconductors. The inquiry focused on analyzing the optical and electrical properties of a light-emitting heterojunction that combines p-type GaN with organic materials (PEDOT, PSS, and PMMA). This heterojunction is an organic–inorganic hybrid. The procedure entailed utilizing a spin-coating technique to apply a layer of either poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) or a mixture of PMMA and poly(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) onto an indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate. Subsequently, different Nd:YAG laser pulses (200, 250, and 300 pulses) were used to administer a GaN inorganic layer onto the prepared organic layer using a pulsed laser deposition approach. Subsequently, the thermal evaporation technique was employed to deposit an aluminum electrode on the top of the organic and inorganic layers, while laser pulses were fine-tuned for optimal performance. The Hall effect investigation verifies the p-type conductivity of the GaN material. The electroluminescence studies confirmed the production of blue light by the GaN-based devices throughout a range of voltage situations, spanning from 45 to 72 V.
Associations between HIV stigma and health-related quality-of-life among people living with HIV: cross-sectional analysis of data from HPTN 071 (PopART)
Authors: Hall Emily , Davis Katherine , Ohrnberger Julius , Pickles Michael , Gregson Simon , Thomas Ranjeeta , Hargreaves James R. , Pliakas Triantafyllos , Bwalya Justin , Dunbar Rory , Mainga Tila , Shanaube Kwame , Hoddinott Graeme , Bond Virginia , Bock Peter , Ayles Helen , Stangl Anne L. , Donnell Deborah , Hayes Richard , Fidler Sarah , Hauck Katharina ,   The HPTN 071 (PopART) study team, Hargreaves James R. , Watson-Jones Deborah , Godfrey-Faussett Peter , Sabapathy Kalpana , Hauck Katharina , Smith Peter C. , Cori Anne , Pickles Michael , Bell-Mandla Nomtha , Yang Blia , James Anelet , Vermaak Redwaan , Makola Nozizwe , Hoddinott Graeme , Naidoo Vikesh , Bond Virginia , Simwinga Musonda , Mwinga Alwyn , Kosloff Barry , Limbada Mohammed , Bwalya Justin , Ngulube Chepela , Fraser Christophe , Eshleman Susan , Agyei Yaw , Cummings Vanessa , Catalano Denni , Piwowar-Manning Estelle , Donnell Deborah , Emel Lynda , Bunts Lisa , Noble Heather , Burns David , Kouda Alain , Sista Niru , Moore Ayana , White Rhonda , Headen Tanette , Miller Eric , Hinson Kathy , Vermund Sten , Barnes Mark , Horn Lyn , Mwango Albert , Baldwin Megan , Wolf Shauna , Hughes Erin , el-Sadr Wafaa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPeople living with HIV (PLHIV) report lower health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) than HIV-negative people. HIV stigma may contribute to this. We explored the association between HIV stigma and HRQoL among PLHIV. We used cross-sectional data from 3991 randomly selected PLHIV who were surveyed in 2017–2018 for HPTN 071 (PopART), a cluster randomised trial in Zambia and South Africa. Participants were 18–44 years, had laboratory-confirmed HIV infection, and knew their status. HRQoL was measured using the EuroQol-5-dimensions-5-levels (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire. Stigma outcomes included: internalised stigma, stigma experienced in the community, and stigma experienced in healthcare settings. Associations were examined using logistic regression. Participants who had experienced community stigma (n = 693/3991) had higher odds of reporting problems in at least one HRQoL domain, compared to those who had not (adjusted odds ratio, aOR: 1.51, 95% confidence interval, 95% Cl: 1.16–1.98, p = 0.002). Having experienced internalised stigma was also associated with reporting problems in at least one HRQoL domain (n = 552/3991, aOR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.54–2.54, p < 0.001). However, having experienced stigma in a healthcare setting was less common (n = 158/3991) and not associated with HRQoL (aOR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.68–1.58, p = 0.850). A stronger focus on interventions for internalised stigma and stigma experienced in the community is required.
No free lunch for avoiding clustering vulnerabilities in distributed systems
Authors: Chitnelawong Pheerawich , Klishin Andrei A. , Mackay Norman , Singer David J. , van Anders Greg 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEmergent design failures are ubiquitous in complex systems, and often arise when system elements cluster. Approaches to systematically reduce clustering could improve a design’s resilience, but reducing clustering is difficult if it is driven by collective interactions among design elements. Here, we use techniques from statistical physics to identify mechanisms by which spatial clusters of design elements emerge in complex systems modelled by heterogeneous networks. We find that, in addition to naive, attraction-driven clustering, heterogeneous networks can exhibit emergent, repulsion-driven clustering. We draw quantitative connections between our results on a model system in naval engineering to entropy-driven phenomena in nanoscale self-assembly, and give a general argument that the clustering phenomena we observe should arise in many distributed systems. We identify circumstances under which generic design problems will exhibit trade-offs between clustering and uncertainty in design objectives, and we present a framework to identify and quantify trade-offs to manage clustering vulnerabilities.
Genetic counseling and genetic testing for pathogenic germline mutations among high-risk patients previously diagnosed with breast cancer: a traceback approach
Authors: Abdel-Razeq Hikmat , Tamimi Faris , Iweir Sereen , Sharaf Baha , Abdel-Razeq Sarah , Salama Osama , Edaily Sarah , Bani Hani Hira , Azzam Khansa , Abaza Haneen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGenetic counseling and testing are more accessible than ever due to reduced costs, expanding indications and public awareness. Nonetheless, many patients missed the opportunity of genetic counseling and testing due to barriers that existed at that time of their cancer diagnoses. Given the identified implications of pathogenic mutations on patients’ treatment and familial outcomes, an opportunity exists to utilize a ‘traceback’ approach to retrospectively examine their genetic makeup and provide consequent insights to their disease and treatment. In this study, we identified living patients diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) between July 2007 and January 2022 who would have been eligible for testing, but not tested. Overall, 422 patients met the eligibility criteria, 282 were reached and invited to participate, and germline testing was performed for 238, accounting for 84.4% of those invited. The median age (range) was 39.5 (24–64) years at BC diagnosis and 49 (31–75) years at the date of testing. Genetic testing revealed that 25 (10.5%) patients had pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants; mostly in BRCA2 and BRCA1. We concluded that long overdue genetic referral through a traceback approach is feasible and effective to diagnose P/LP variants in patients with history of BC who had missed the opportunity of genetic testing, with potential clinical implications for patients and their relatives.
Suppressing mitochondrial inner membrane protein (IMMT) inhibits the proliferation of breast cancer cells through mitochondrial remodeling and metabolic regulation
Authors: Liu Li , Zhao Qingqing , Xiong Daigang , Li Dan , Du Jie , Huang Yunfei , Yang Yan , Chen Rui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMetabolic reprogramming is widely recognized as a hallmark of malignant tumors, and the targeting of metabolism has emerged as an appealing approach for cancer treatment. Mitochondria, as pivotal organelles, play a crucial role in the metabolic regulation of tumor cells, and their morphological and functional alterations are intricately linked to the biological characteristics of tumors. As a key regulatory subunit of mitochondria, mitochondrial inner membrane protein (IMMT), plays a vital role in degenerative diseases, but its role in tumor is almost unknown. The objective of this research was to investigate the roles that IMMT play in the development and progression of breast cancer (BC), as well as to elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms that drive these effects. In this study, it was confirmed that the expression of IMMT in BC tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues. The analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database revealed that IMMT can serve as an independent prognostic factor for BC patients. Additionally, verification in clinical specimens of BC demonstrated a positive association between high IMMT expression and larger tumor size (> 2 cm), Ki-67 expression (> 15%), and HER-2 status. Furthermore, in vitro experiments have substantiated that the suppression of IMMT expression resulted in a reduction in cell proliferation and alterations in mitochondrial cristae, concomitant with the liberation of cytochrome c, but it did not elicit mitochondrial apoptosis. Through Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) analysis, we have predicted the associated metabolic genes and discovered that IMMT potentially modulates the advancement of BC through its interaction with 16 metabolic-related genes, and the changes in glycolysis related pathways have been validated in BC cell lines after IMMT inhibition. Consequently, this investigation furnishes compelling evidence supporting the classification of IMMT as prognostic marker in BC, and underscoring its prospective utility as a novel target for metabolic therapy.
Research on the generation and annotation method of thin section images of tight oil reservoir based on deep learning
Authors: Liu Tao , Liu Zongbao , Zhang Kejia , Li Chunsheng , Zhang Yan , Mu Zihao , Mu Mengning , Xu Mengting , Zhang Yue , Li Xue 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe cast thin sections of tight oil reservoirs contain important parameters such as rock mineral composition and content, porosity, permeability and stratigraphic characteristics, which are of great significance for reservoir evaluation. The use of deep learning technology for intelligent identification of thin section images is a development trend of mineral identification. However, the difficulty of making cast thin sections, the complexity of the making process and the high cost of thin section annotation have led to a lack of cast thin section images, which cannot meet the training requirements of deep learning image recognition models. In order to increase the sample size and improve the training effect of deep learning model, we proposed a generation and annotation method of thin section images of tight oil reservoir based on deep learning, by taking Fuyu reservoir in Sanzhao Sag as the target area. Firstly, the Augmentor strategy space was used to preliminarily augment the original images while preserving the original image features to meet the requirements of the model. Secondly, the category attention mechanism was added to the original StyleGAN network to avoid the influence of the uneven number of components in thin sections on the quality of the generated images. Then, the SALM annotation module was designed to achieve semi-automatic annotation of the generated images. Finally, experiments on image sharpness, distortion, standard accuracy and annotation efficiency were designed to verify the advantages of the method in image quality and annotation efficiency.
Increase of secondary metabolites in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) leaves by exposure to N2O5 with plasma technology
Authors: Tateishi Rie , Ogawa-Kishida Natsumi , Fujii Nobuharu , Nagata Yuji , Ohtsubo Yoshiyuki , Sasaki Shota , Takashima Keisuke , Kaneko Toshiro , Higashitani Atsushi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractExposure to N2O5 generated by plasma technology activates immunity in Arabidopsis through tryptophan metabolites. However, little is known about the effects of N2O5 exposure on other plant species. Sweet basil synthesizes many valuable secondary metabolites in its leaves. Therefore, metabolomic analyses were performed at three different exposure levels [9.7 (Ex1), 19.4 (Ex2) and 29.1 (Ex3) μmol] to assess the effects of N2O5 on basil leaves. As a result, cinnamaldehyde and phenolic acids increased with increasing doses. Certain flavonoids, columbianetin, and caryophyllene oxide increased with lower Ex1 exposure, cineole and methyl eugenol increased with moderate Ex2 exposure and l-glutathione GSH also increased with higher Ex3 exposure. Furthermore, gene expression analysis by quantitative RT-PCR showed that certain genes involved in the syntheses of secondary metabolites and jasmonic acid were significantly up-regulated early after N2O5 exposure. These results suggest that N2O5 exposure increases several valuable secondary metabolites in sweet basil leaves via plant defense responses in a controllable system.
Sensorimotor tests in patients with neck pain and its associated disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Särkilahti Niklas , Hirvonen Milka , Lavapuro Joona , Takatalo Jani , Löyttyniemi Eliisa , Tenovuo Olli 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis systematic review aimed to synthesize the current evidence regarding neck sensorimotor testing in individuals with neck pain, assess the differences between neck pain groups and healthy controls, and recognize factors that might affect test results. We performed the data search using PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus databases. We used a two-step screening process to identify studies. Furthermore, we screened the reference lists for additional studies. Hedges g was used to present the difference between neck pain groups and asymptomatic individuals. We assessed the quality of the studies using the QUADAS tool. The final review included 34 studies, of which 25 were related to the joint position error test, four to the smooth pursuit neck torsion test and six to the balance test. Our meta-analysis showed poorer joint-position sense, oculomotor function, and wider postural sway in individuals with neck pain than healthy controls. The size of the difference between the groups seemed to be influenced by the intensity of the pain and the presence of dizziness. Therefore, it might be helpful in future studies to differentiate patients with neck pain into subgroups based on their symptom and demographic profiles to assess other factors that significantly affect cervical sensorimotor control.
Family migration and well-being of Chinese migrant workers’ children
Authors: Tang Ling , Xiang Xin , Liu Yang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article aims to explore the effects of parental migration on the well-being of children and how to adjust social cognitive well-being through the interrelations among family relations and social cognitive well-being indicators using structural equation modelling. Two modified social cognitive well-being models were tested in 1682 Chinese migrant workers' children to examine the pathways among social cognitive well-being and family relation characteristics. The modified models are based on the social cognitive well-being model and the characteristics of Chinese migrant workers' children. The results show that caregiver-child communication frequency, caregiver-child regulation, caregiver-child conflicts, caregiver-child trust and communication, and coactivity positively impact children’s social cognitive well-being. In contrast, caregiver-child alienation negatively influences children’s social cognitive factors through caregiver-child trust and communication. Additionally, this research revealed that family-related characteristics (caregiver-child regulation, caregiver-child coactivities, caregiver-child communication frequency, caregiver-child alienation, caregiver-child conflicts, and caregiver-child trust and communication) are interconnected with social cognitive well-being indicators (academic satisfaction, outcome expectations, goal progress, lifelong satisfaction, environmental support, positive affect, negative affect, and self-efficacy). This suggests that family migration and relationships with caregiver(s) can significantly affect the well-being of migrant workers' children.
Preliminary evidence that eye appearance in parrots (Psittaciformes) co-varies with latitude and altitude
Authors: Duran Elif , Perea-García Juan Olvido , Piepenbrock Diede , Veefkind Celine , Kret Mariska E. , Massen Jorg J. M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractExternal eye appearance in avian taxa has been proposed to be driven by social and ecological functions. Recent research in primates suggests, instead, that, photoprotective functions are important drivers of external eye appearance. Using similar methods, we examined the variation in external eye appearance of 132 parrot species (Psittaciformes) in relation to their ecology and sociality. Breeding systems, flock size and sexual dimorphism, as well as species’ latitude and maximum living altitude, and estimated UV-B incidence in species’ ranges were used to explore the contribution of social and ecological factors in driving external eye appearance. We measured the hue and brightness of visible parts of the eye and the difference in measurements of brightness between adjacent parts of the eye. We found no link between social variables and our measurements. We did, however, find a negative association between the brightness of the inner part of the iris and latitude and altitude. Darker inner irises were more prevalent farther away from the equator and for those species living at higher altitudes. We found no link between UV-B and brightness measurements of the iris, or tissue surrounding the eye. We speculate that these results are consistent with an adaptation for visual functions. While preliminary, these results suggest that external eye appearance in parrots is influenced by ecological, but not social factors.