bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entrepreneurial Leadership and Job Crafting Among Millennials in SMEs: The Mediating Role of Work Passion
Authors: Ngo Michelle She Min , Badri Siti Khadijah Zainal 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn an era marked by rapid shifts in the organizational landscape, organizations value employees who actively engage in job crafting to foster positive organizational development. This emphasis is particularly crucial for small‐and‐medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) due to their limited financial resources for new recruitment. This study explores the relationship between entrepreneurial leadership and job crafting among millennials employed in SMEs. Additionally, it examines the mediating role of work passion, acting as an “energized‐to” motivation, in the relationship between entrepreneurial leadership and job crafting. By analyzing quantitative data collected in two waves from 352 millennials working in the service sectors of SMEs, the study reveals that entrepreneurial leadership and work passion positively influence only three dimensions of job crafting behaviors, including increasing structural job resources, social job resources, and challenging job demands. Furthermore, the results suggest that work passion partially mediates the relationship between entrepreneurial leadership and the three dimensions of job crafting. Based on these findings, the study recommends practical strategies to cultivate entrepreneurial leadership among individuals holding leadership positions within SMEs.
Effect of an intensive antiplaque regimen on microbiome outcomes after nonsurgical periodontal therapy
Authors: Li Lu , Hayashi‐Okada Yoshiko , Falkner Karen L. , Shimizu Yasumitsu , Zambon Joseph J. , Kirkwood Keith L. , Schifferle Robert E. , Genco Robert J. , Diaz Patricia I. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundIt has been well documented that periodontal treatment decreases the levels of certain disease‐associated species in subgingival plaque. Few studies, however, investigate to which extent periodontal therapy restores a health‐like subgingival community. Here, we conducted a secondary analysis to evaluate microbiome outcomes of nonsurgical periodontal therapy alone or followed by an intensive antiplaque regimen, analyzing microbiome trajectories at the community level with respect to health.MethodsEighty‐six subjects with periodontitis stages II/III were evaluated at baseline and 6 months after receiving scaling and root planing alone (SRP, n = 41) or followed by an antiplaque regimen consisting of use of 0.12% chlorhexidine for 3 months and interdental cleaners for 6 months (SRP + P + S, n = 45). Thirty periodontally healthy subjects served as reference. The subgingival microbiome was characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and longitudinal within‐subject changes were quantified with respect to a healthy plane (HPL) modeled from the reference group.ResultsEvaluation of individual microbiome trajectories showed that only the SRP + P + S group had a statistically significant reduction in distance to the HPL. However, responses were variable in both groups, with only a fraction of individuals changing in the direction of health. Random forest analysis revealed baseline microbiome composition as a greater predictor of microbiome response than type of treatment rendered.ConclusionAn adjunct antiplaque regimen resulted in a greater approximation of the microbiome to the healthy state. However, responses varied greatly among subjects highlighting the need for robust and personalized approaches to restore eubiosis.Plain Language SummaryThis study looked at how different treatments for gum disease change the bacteria in the gums of people with moderate to severe gum problems. Eighty‐six people received standard gum treatments, and some also used a mouthwash and special tools to clean between their teeth at home. After 6 months, more people in the group that added the extra cleaning steps had healthier bacteria in their gums than people who received the standard treatment. However, not everyone responded the same way. The study found that the types of bacteria someone had at the start were better at predicting how well the treatment would work, more than the type of treatment itself. This means gum disease treatments may need to be personalized for better results.
Rational application of combined fertilizers improved tea growth and quality components
Authors: Raza Ali , Li Liu , Luo Lin , Asghar Muhammad Ahsan , Shoaib Noman , Yin Chunying 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe excessive and sole use of chemical fertilizers has been found to deteriorate tea quality components. Therefore, to explore the effects of rational application of combined organic and chemical fertilizers on tea growth and quality, a pot experiment was conducted with six treatments of rational and combined organic fertilizer (OF) and chemical fertilizer (CF) which were as follows: control (no fertilizer was applied), 0OF/CF100 (only CF was applied), 25OF/75CF (25% OF + 75% CF), 50CF/50OF (50% OF + 50% CF), 75OF/25CF (75% OF + 25% CF), and 100OF/0CF (only OF was applied). The biomass of tea plant, net photosynthetic rate, chloroplast ultrastructure, and tea quality components including tea polyphenols (TPs), flavonoids, sugars, catechins, caffeine, total amino acids (TAAs), chlorophyll pigments and TP/TAA were measured.RESULTSCompared to control, all fertilization treatments significantly improved tea growth, biomass, and quality components including soluble sugars, TAAs, catechins, caffeine, polyphenols and flavonoids in tea leaves. Among all fertilization treatments, 75OF/25CF and 50OF/50CF treatments had higher plant shoot biomass; 75OF/25CF and 100OF/0CF treatments significantly improved chloroplast ultrastructure and increased net photosynthetic rate, and had higher TAAs, polyphenols, catechins and caffeine contents; while 75OF/25CF treatment had higher sugar content and lowest TP/TAA. The principal component analysis (PCA) further explored that 75OF/25CF and 100OF/0CF treatments improved quality components in tea leaves in comparison to the application of only chemical fertilizers.CONCLUSIONThe 75OF/25CF and 100OF/0CF treatments enhanced both tea growth and quality, which indicate that rational and combination of organic and chemical fertilization or organic management had high potential to improve tea growth and the production of high‐yield and better‐quality tea leaves. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
Ex Vivo and In Vitro Proteomic Approach to Elucidate the Relevance of IL‐4 and IL‐10 in Intervertebral Disc Pathophysiology
Authors: Bermudez‐Lekerika Paola , Tseranidou Sofia , Kanelis Exarchos , Nüesch Andrea , Crump Katherine B. , Alexopoulos Leonidas G. , Wuertz‐Kozak Karin , Noailly Jérôme , Le Maitre Christine L. , Gantenbein Benjamin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis study investigates the native presence and potential anabolic effects of interleukin (IL)‐4 and IL‐10 in the human intervertebral disc (IVD).MethodsHuman nucleus pulposus (NP) cells cultured in 3D from trauma and degenerate IVDs and NP explants were stimulated with 10 ng/mL IL‐4, IL‐10, or each in combination with 1 ng/mL IL‐1β stimulation. The role of IL‐4 and IL‐10 in the IVD was evaluated using immunohistochemistry, gene expression, and Luminex multiplex immunoassay proteomics (73 secreted) and phosphoproteomics (21 phosphorylated proteins).ResultsIL‐4, IL‐4R, and IL‐10R expression and localization in human cartilage endplate tissue were demonstrated for the first time. No significant gene expression changes were noted under IL‐4 or IL‐10 stimulation. However, IL‐1β stimulation significantly increased MMP3, COX2, TIMP1, and TRPV4 expression in NP cells from trauma IVDs. Combined IL‐4 and IL‐1β treatment induced a significant increase in protein secretion of IL‐1α, IL‐7, IL‐16, IL‐17F, IL‐18, IFNγ, TNF, ST2, PROK1, bFGF2, and stem cell factor exclusively in NP cells from degenerated IVDs. Conversely, the secretome profile of explants revealed an IL‐4–mediated decrease in CXCL13 following treatment with IL‐1β. Combined IL‐10 and IL‐1β treatment increased neurotrophic growth factor secretion compared with IL‐10 baseline.ConclusionsThe NP cell phenotype affects the pleiotropic role of IL‐4, which can induce a pro‐inflammatory response in the presence of catabolic stimuli and enhance the effects of IL‐1β in degenerated IVDs. Environmental factors, including 3D culture and hypoxia, may alter IL‐4's role. Finally, IL‐10's potential neurotrophic effects under catabolic stimuli warrant further investigation to clarify its role in IVD degeneration.
Comparison of double bundle semitendinosus technique and pedicled quadriceps technique in patellar instability
Authors: Özel Tayfun , Yaş Semih , Türkoğlu Hayati Hürol , Ahmadov Asim , Ataoğlu Muhammet Baybars , Kanatlı Ulunay 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeTo compare clinical and functional outcomes of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction using a minimally invasive pedicled quadriceps tendon (QT) or patella double tunnel technique with semitendinosus tendon (ST) graft in patients with recurrent patella dislocation.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 51 patients who underwent MPFL reconstruction between 2014 and 2022, with a minimum 2‐year post‐operative follow‐up. Patients were grouped as QT (n = 24) and ST (n = 27), alongside a control group of 24 healthy individuals. Kujala, Lysholm and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores were evaluated. Isokinetic tests at 60° angular velocity were performed to calculate the limb symmetry index (LSI) and hamstring/quadriceps (H/Q) ratio.ResultsNo significant differences were found between groups regarding age, sex, body mass index, time to surgery, or number of dislocations (n.s). Mean Kujala (QT: 89.2 ± 8.9, ST: 85.4 ± 11.4), Lysholm (QT: 90.6 ± 9.4, ST: 87.9 ± 10.7), and VAS (QT: 0.83 ± 1.3, ST: 0.9 ± 1.1) scores showed no statistically significant differences between the groups (n.s). Extension LSI was significantly higher in QT (92.2 ± 10.0%) than ST (81.4 ± 16.4%, p = 0.024), as was flexion LSI (QT: 94.2 ± 10.9%, ST: 83.3 ± 17.5%, p < 0.01). H/Q ratios showed no significant differences between operated and non‐operated sides (n.s). No redislocations or patellar fractures occurred. Apprehension signs were positive in two patients (7.4%) in ST and one patient (4.1%) in QT.ConclusionMPFL reconstruction with both ST and pedicled QT grafts yields successful results in well‐selected patient groups. Unlike ST, reconstruction with QT results in extension and flexion strength in the operated extremity that is closer to the non‐operated side and to the healthy control group.Level of EvidenceLevel III, retrospective case–control study.
Reassessing Soil Wind Erosion in Arid Regions of Central Asia: Fully Considering the Contribution of Non‐Photosynthetic Vegetation (NPV)
Authors: Ma Xiaofei , He Huili , Huo Tianci , Su Yuan , Yan Wei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWind erosion refers to wind transport of fine particulate matter and nutrient‐rich materials. This form of erosion can have a considerable impact on the ecological environment and human health. Regional wind protection and sand fixation are considered to be major ecosystem services in arid zones. Previous applications of wind erosion assessment models in arid zones applied green vegetation as the main model parameter. However, there has been little consideration of the role of Non‐Photosynthetic Vegetation (NPV) on wind erosion, which is widely distributed in arid zones. Therefore, this study reconstructed a soil wind erosion model (WEM) applicable to the arid zone of Central Asia by quantitatively assessing regional NPV and coupling NPV with the Revised Wind Erosion Equation (RWEQ) model based on the cusp mutation model. The results showed that NPV significantly reduced wind erosion in northern and central Kazakhstan from 2001 to 2020. The adequate consideration of NPV resulted in a reduction in simulated wind erosion in Central Asia by 400 t km−2 per year. NPV had the greatest effect on wind erosion in spring and autumn, whereas it had least effect in winter, mainly due to the coverage of NPV and the seasonality of wind erosion. Regions showing a positive correlation between temperature and wind erosion were mainly located in northern Kazakhstan with a high coverage of NPV. Precipitation showed a negative correlation with wind erosion. Incorporation of NPV into the RWEQ model improved the accuracy of simulated wind erosion in Central Asia by 8.2%. The proposed method can support mitigation of wind erosion hazards and the improvement of the ecological environment in arid regions of Central Asia. This study can also act as a reference for improving the accuracy of large‐scale simulation of wind erosion.
Optimal Level of Straw Addition After the Autumn Harvest for Black Soil Aggregate Stability
Authors: Li Yu , Fu Yu , Xu Jinzhong , Zhang Chen , Zhang Yupeng , Lei Hanzhe , Zhang Xiaoya 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn Northeast China, straw residues are integrated into fields to improve the soil structure and fertility after the autumn harvest. However, the optimal amount of straw addition is unclear. To determine whether an increase in straw addition is correlated with an increase in soil aggregate stability, the study focused on black cropland soil and was conducted through field incubation experiment (lasting 150 days) during seasonal freeze–thaw periods, implemented six different straw treatments: CK (0%), SA1 (1%, i.e., 10 g of straw per kg of soil), SA3 (3%), SA5 (5%), SA7 (7%), and SA9 (9%). The results revealed that under freeze–thaw conditions, aggregate stability significantly increased only when the straw addition amount was ≥ 5%. At this straw addition level, straw residues enhanced aggregate stability in two ways. First, the straw decomposition significantly increased SOC content, which serves as a binding substance for aggregates and promotes the formation of aggregates > 0.25 mm. Second, straw particles combined with soil particles to form straw‐soil composite macro‐aggregates that exhibited high water stability. However, aggregate stability was not positively correlated with the straw addition amount. This was because 5% straw addition was sufficient for the soil to reach carbon saturation, and the SOC content showed no significant change with further increasing straw addition. Moreover, excessive straw addition not only led to nitrogen limitation and slowed down the straw decomposition rate but also wasted straw resources. Therefore, 5% straw addition is optimal for improving soil aggregate stability. These findings provide a theoretical basis for how to improve the soil structure and fertility through the rational design of autumn straw return measures, thereby improving soil conditions for spring sowing and seedling emergence in Northeast China.
Avatars' Phygital Social Presence in the Metaverse: An Engaged Theory Perspective
Authors: Sprott David E. , Hollebeek Linda D. , Sigurdsson Valdimar , Clark Moira K. , Urbonavicius Sigitas 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWhile prior authors have explored the notions of human and/or automated social presence, these concepts have been predominantly assessed either individually or as mutually exclusive theoretical entities. However, we draw on engaged theory to develop the hybrid concept of phygital social presence that comprises aspects of both the human and automated social presence of metaverse avatars. We define phygital social presence as the degree to which a metaverse avatar instils the feeling in other users that they are in the company of a social entity, as elicited by the avatar's (a) human social presence (i.e., the actions taken by its human user, in line with engaged theory's “ways of acting”), and (b) automated social presence (i.e., the avatar's embodiment or its appearance, look, design, and the character that these emit, in line with engaged theory's “ways of being”). We next propose a conceptual framework and a set of propositions, which suggest that metaverse avatars' (a) human social presence primarily impacts metaverse users' positive or negative behavioral engagement in the metaverse, and (b) automated social presence chiefly influences users' positive or negative cognitive and emotional engagement. Moreover, an avatar's ways of relating, as also informed by engaged theory, primarily impact users' positive or negative social engagement.
Optical, Dielectric, and Thermal Properties of Bio‐Based Polyimides Derived from An Isosorbide‐Containing Diamine
Authors: Tsurusaki Yoshiyuki , Sawada Ririka , Liu Haonan , Ando Shinji 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe need for functional polymers derived from plant‐based materials has increased from a carbon‐neutral perspective. Herein, six different semialicyclic isosorbide‐containing diamine‐based polyimides (ISSD‐PIs) are synthesized by incorporating isosorbide (ISS), which is a D‐glucose derivative, into the diamine moiety to investigate the relationship between the chemical structure and optical, thermal, and dielectric properties. Compared with the conventional fully aromatic PIs, such as Kapton, the as‐prepared ISSD‐PIs demonstrate excellent optical transparency, low refractive indices (1.554–1.633), low birefringence (0.0084–0.0348) at 1310 nm, and low dielectric constants (2.93–3.36) with moderate dissipation factors (0.0112–0.0267) at 10 GHz. They also exhibit excellent thermal stability, with glass transition temperatures exceeding 250 °C and 5% thermal decomposition temperatures exceeding 400 °C. The chirality of the ISS skeleton remains intact, displaying characteristic circular dichroism. This study shows that the incorporation of ISS into PI chains enhances their optical and dielectric properties while maintaining thermal stability by increasing the free volume and reducing intermolecular interactions. In addition, the physical properties of the ISSD‐PIs are more dependent on the rigidity of the dianhydride moiety, which directly affects the molecular packing of the PI chains, rather than that of the diamine moiety.
How Does New Infrastructure Construction Affect the Supply Chain Risk of Enterprises? Perspective From Supply–Demand Balance
Authors: Wu Shaoyong , Zhang Peiwen , Liu Qiren 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe stability of an enterprise's supply chains serves as a vital cornerstone in the progression of modern economic system development. New infrastructure, epitomized by network and information infrastructure construction, has emerged as a pivotal global strategy to stimulate economic growth. Its impact on the supply chain risk (SCR) of enterprises deserves in‐depth exploration. Employing the staggered difference‐in‐difference (DID) approach, this study investigates the influence and mechanisms of new infrastructure construction (NIC) on the SCR of enterprises from a perspective of supply–demand balance, leveraging the ‘Broadband China’ strategy as a quasi‐natural experiment. The results indicate that NIC can mitigate the SCR of enterprises, a conclusion that remains robust after rigorous endogeneity and robustness testing. Mechanism analysis suggests that the enhancement of the level of enterprises' intelligent manufacturing and the reduction of the concentration of upstream and downstream serve as two effective channels through which NIC reduces the SCR of enterprises. Heterogeneity analysis shows that NIC more effectively reduces SCR for large‐scale and high‐tech enterprises at the enterprise level. At the industry level, NIC is particularly effective in reducing SCR within highly competitive and technology‐intensive sectors. Additionally, at the regional level, NIC significantly inhibits SCR for enterprises in areas prone to high natural disaster risk. This study validates the fortifying effect of NIC on the supply chain security of enterprises, providing theoretical references and empirical evidence for enhancing the resilience of global micro supply chains.
Risk Factors of Free Flap Outcomes After Head and Neck Cancer Surgery: A Multivariable Analysis From a Single Center Experience
Authors: Tsai Chia‐Hsuan , Yang Cristhiam , Liu Yao‐Chang , Chen Chi‐Ling , Kao Huang‐Kai 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionRisk factors for unfavorable outcomes, such as surgical site infection (SSI) and flap loss, following free flap reconstruction in patients with head and neck cancer are repeatedly reported without a definitive conclusion. Institutional reviews and meta‐analyses each have their advantages and limitations. Although this study is without a definitive answer to these questions, it contributes to the literature by identifying potential influencing factors.MethodsThis single‐center cohort study included 596 patients who underwent head and neck reconstruction between 2015 and 2017. Patients were initially divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of SSI, and a similar comparison was made for flap loss. Data were further analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.ResultsThe overall SSI rate was 18.29%, with the age of patients (65–74 years, adjusted OR 2.41, p < 0.001; > 74 years, adjusted OR 3.53, p < 0.001) and segmental mandibulectomy (adjusted OR 1.81, p = 0.035) as independent risk factors. The overall flap failure rate was 4.4%, with medial sural flap (adjusted OR 6.89; p = 0.025) and prolonged operative time per hour (adjusted OR 1.38; p < 0.001) identified as significant influencing factors.ConclusionAge should not be the sole determinant for excluding patients for free tissue transfer, though it may elevate the SSI rate. Special attention is potentially needed during postoperative care for patients who received segmental mandibulectomy, medial sural flap, or experienced prolonged operative time. Identifying these risk factors can assist surgeons in optimizing flap outcomes before head and neck reconstruction.
Factors Associated With Claw Toe Deformity Following Vascularized Fibula Flap Harvesting: A Retrospective Analysis of Potential Risk Factors and Preventive Strategies
Authors: Ishibashi Shigeki , Shinomiya Rikuo , Hayashi Yuta , Tashiro Tsubasa , Nagamatsu Shogo , Hamana Tomoaki , Sunagawa Toru , Adachi Nobuo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundClaw toe deformity at the donor site is a complication following vascularized fibula flap surgery. Despite its potential to necessitate further surgery, the factors contributing to this complication are not well understood. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors associated with this complication and propose potential preventive strategies.Patients and MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed 40 cases of vascularized fibula flap harvesting conducted between 2010 and 2022. The presence of claw toe deformity was evaluated, and various patient and surgical factors were analyzed. Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and intraoperative indocyanine green angiography images were also assessed.ResultsClaw toe deformity was observed in 25% of patients, with a significantly higher incidence among those undergoing primary wound closure (p = 0.018). Age (p = 0.595), body mass index (p = 0.482), smoking status (p = 0.157), diabetes (p = 0.556), peripheral arterial disease (p > 0.999), preoperative chemotherapy (p = 0.715), operative time (p = 0.080), harvested fibula length (p = 0.981), skin paddle size (p = 0.695), and horizontal width of skin flap (p = 0.906) were not significantly associated with claw toe deformity. The cutoff values for primary wound closure were identified as a skin flap horizontal width of 3.5 cm and a horizontal width‐to‐circumference ratio of 10.4%. MRI revealed signal changes in the flexor hallucis longus on T2‐weighted images in all six cases with claw toe deformity and in 6 of the 12 cases without deformity. Indocyanine green angiography revealed ischemia in the flexor hallucis longus in all six examined cases; however, four of these cases did not develop claw toe deformity.ConclusionThis study emphasizes the importance of the wound closure method and skin flap size in primary closure for preventing claw toe deformity after vascularized fibula flap procedures. These findings may contribute to improved postoperative outcomes.