bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serial Angioscopic Evaluation of Neointimal Coverage and Incidence of Thrombus Formation After Paclitaxel‐Eluting Stent Implantation: Comparison Between 6‐ and 18‐Month Follow‐Up
Authors: Hara Masahiko , Nishino Masami , Taniike Masayuki , Makino Nobuhiko , Kato Hiroyasu , Egami Yasuyuki , Shutta Ryu , Tanouchi Jun , Yamada Yoshio 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBackground:Long‐term serial angioscopic follow‐up data after paclitaxel‐eluting stent (PES) implantation has not previously been published. The aim of this study is to compare the angioscopic parameters such as neointimal coverage grade and prevalence of red mural thrombus at 6‐ and 18‐month follow‐up after PES implantation.Hypothesis:Neointimal formation continues to grow and prevalence of angioscopic thrombus formation becomes low over time after PES implantation.Methods:We retrospectively enrolled 17 patients with 19 stents who underwent both 6‐ and 18‐month follow‐up coronary angioscopy after PES implantation. We evaluated the minimum and maximum neointimal coverage grade within 1 stent using coronary angioscopy by classifying neointimal coverage grade into 4 categories. Neointimal coverage grade and incidence of angioscopic red mural thrombus were compared between 6‐ and 18‐month follow‐up groups.Results:Minimum neointimal coverage grade at 18 months become lower than that at the 6‐month follow‐up (0.95 ± 0.62 at 6 mo vs 0.58 ± 0.51 at 18 mo, P = 0.035), whereas maximum grade was not significantly different (2.16 ± 0.83 at 6 mo vs 2.37 ± 0.76 at 18 mo, P = 0.248). High incidence of angioscopic red mural thrombus at 6 months was maintained even at 18‐month follow‐up (68% at 6 mo vs 84% at 18 mo, P = 0.224).Conclusions:Long‐term serial angioscopic follow‐up demonstrated persistent high incidence of red mural thrombus formation at 18 months after PES implantation. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Hepatocellular carcinoma with extrahepatic metastasis
Authors: Uchino Koji , Tateishi Ryosuke , Shiina Shuichiro , Kanda Miho , Masuzaki Ryota , Kondo Yuji , Goto Tadashi , Omata Masao , Yoshida Haruhiko , Koike Kazuhiko 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Despite significant advances in the treatment of intrahepatic lesions, the prognosis for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who have extrahepatic metastasis remains poor. The objective of this study was to further elucidate the clinical course and prognostic determinants of patients with this disease.METHODS:In total, 342 patients who had HCC with extrahepatic metastasis were enrolled. The metastases were diagnosed at initial presentation with HCC in 28 patients and during follow‐up in the remaining patients. The authors analyzed clinical features, prognoses, and treatments and established a scoring system to predict prognosis using a split‐sample method with a testing set and a training set.RESULTS:The most frequent site of extrahepatic metastasis was the lung followed by lymph nodes, bone, and adrenal glands. These metastases were related directly to death in only 23 patients (7.6%). The median survival after diagnosis of extrahepatic metastasis was 8.1 months (range, 0.03‐108.7 months). In univariate analysis of the training set (n = 171), performance status, Child‐Pugh classification, the number and size of intrahepatic lesions, macroscopic vascular invasion, symptomatic extrahepatic metastases, α‐fetoprotein levels, and complete responses to treatment were associated significantly with prognosis. On the basis of multivariate analysis, a scoring system was developed to predict prognosis that assessed uncontrollable intrahepatic lesions, extent of vascular invasion, and performance status. This scoring system was validated in the testing set (n = 171) and produced a concordance index of 0.73.CONCLUSIONS:The controllability of intrahepatic lesions and performance status were identified as important prognostic factors in patients with advanced HCC who had extrahepatic metastasis. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Salvage radiation in men after prostate‐specific antigen failure and the risk of death
Authors: Cotter Shane E. , Chen Ming Hui , Moul Judd W. , Lee W. Robert , Koontz Bridget F. , Anscher Mitchell S. , Robertson Cary N. , Walther Philip J. , Polascik Thomas J. , D'Amico Anthony V. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:A survival benefit has been observed with salvage radiation therapy (RT) for prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) failure after radical prostatectomy (RP) in men with rapid rises in PSA doubling time (DT, <6 months). Whether such a benefit exits in men with a protracted PSA rise in DT (≥6 months) is unclear and was examined in the current study.METHODS:Of 4036 men who underwent RP at Duke University between 1988 and 2008, 519 experienced a PSA failure, had complete data, and were the subjects of this study. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate whether salvage RT in men with either a rapid (<6 months) or a protracted (≥6 months) PSA DT was associated with the risk of all‐cause mortality adjusting for age at the time of PSA failure, known prostate cancer prognostic factors, and cardiac comorbidity.RESULTS:After a median follow‐up of 11.3 years after PSA failure, 195 men died. Salvage RT was associated with a significant reduction in all‐cause mortality for men with either a PSA DT of <6 months (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 0.53; P = .02) or a PSA DT of ≥6 months (AHR, 0.52; P = .003). In a subset of patients with comorbidity data at the time of PSA failure, salvage RT remained associated with a significant reduction in all‐cause mortality for both men with a PSA DT of <6 months (AHR, 0.35; P = .042) or a PSA DT of ≥6 months (AHR, 0.60; P = .04).CONCLUSIONS:Salvage RT for PSA DTs less than or in excess of 6 months is associated with a decreased risk in all‐cause mortality. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Solitary plasmacytomas
Authors: Reed Valerie , Shah Jatin , Medeiros L. Jeffery , Ha Chul S. , Mazloom Ali , Weber Donna M. , Arzu Isidora Y. , Orlowski Robert Z. , Thomas Sheeba K. , Shihadeh Ferial , Alexanian Raymond , Dabaja Bouthaina S. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:The objective of this study was to review the outcome of patients with solitary plasmacytoma (SP) after definitive radiation therapy.METHODS:The authors retrospectively reviewed 84 patients with SP who were diagnosed and treated at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center during 1988 to 2008. The impact of tumor anatomic site, tumor size, and the presence of serum and urinary paraprotein at diagnosis was assessed on local control, survival, and the risk of developing multiple myeloma (MM).RESULTS:Fifty‐nine patients (70%) had bone SP, and 25 patients (30%) had extramedullary SP. Serum paraprotein was present in 39 patients (46%). The median radiation dose was 45 grays (Gy) (range, 36‐53.4 Gy). Local control was achieved in 77 patients (92%). Neither radiation dose nor tumor size predicted local control. The 5‐year rate of progression to MM was 47% and was higher for patients with bone SP (56% vs 30% for extramedullary SP; P = .021), and patients who had serum paraprotein detected at diagnosis (60% vs 39%; P = .016). On univariate analysis, patients aged <60 years and men had higher rates of progression to MM, although the differences were not significant (P = .048 and P = .29, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that bone location and serum protein at diagnosis were associated statistically with progression to MM. The 5‐year overall survival rate for the entire patient cohort was 78%, and no difference was observed between patients who had bone SP versus extramedullary SP (76% vs 85%, respectively; P = .274).CONCLUSIONS:The current results indicated that definitive radiation therapy for SP can provide excellent local control. Progression to MM remains the main problem and is more common among patients with bone SP and those who have serum paraprotein detected at diagnosis. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Intraoperative molecular assay for sentinel lymph node metastases in early stage breast cancer
Authors: Osako Tomo , Iwase Takuji , Kimura Kiyomi , Yamashita Kyoko , Horii Rie , Yanagisawa Akio , Akiyama Futoshi 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Conventional histopathological examination is limited in measuring accurate total metastatic volume in a lymph node. Recently, a molecular‐based procedure to detect lymph node metastases, one‐step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) assay, has been developed. OSNA assay can assess a whole lymph node and yields semiquantitative results. The authors compared the performance in intraoperative detection of sentinel lymph node metastases with OSNA assay using a whole lymph node versus routine frozen section (FS) histology with a 2 mm‐sectioned lymph node.METHODS:Subjects comprised 531 consecutive patients diagnosed with OSNA assay and 618 consecutive patients diagnosed with FS histological examination. The authors compared the sentinel lymph node‐positive rate between the OSNA and FS cohorts, and investigated characteristics of patients for whom OSNA could detect metastases but FS could not. OSNA (+) was defined as micrometastasis, and OSNA (++) and (+I) were defined as macrometastasis.RESULTS:OSNA assay detected more cases of sentinel lymph node metastases than FS histology (OSNA 121 of 531, 22.8% vs FS 109 of 618, 17.6%; P = .036), particularly micrometastases (46 of 531, 8.7% vs 28 of 618, 4.5%; P = .0064). There was no difference in macrometastasis detection between OSNA and FS (75 of 531, 14.1% vs 81 of 618, 13.1%; P = .68). OSNA detected more metastases than FS in postmenopausal patients (77 of 302, 25.5% vs 43 of 351, 12.3%; P < .0001), and in tumors without fat invasion (23 of 156, 14.7% vs 6 of 151, 4.0%; P = .012) or lymphovascular invasion (67 of 395, 17.0% vs 45 of 458, 9.8%; P = .042).CONCLUSIONS:Intraoperative OSNA assay detects more sentinel lymph node metastases, particularly micrometastases, than does FS histology. OSNA assay can also detect more metastases in postmenopausal patients or from less aggressive primary tumors compared with FS histology. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Steroid receptor expression in thymomas and thymic carcinomas
Authors: Mimae Takahiro , Tsuta Koji , Takahashi Fumiaki , Yoshida Akihiko , Kondo Tadashi , Murakami Yoshinori , Okada Morihito , Takeuchi Masahiro , Asamura Hisao , Tsuda Hitoshi 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Although protein expressions of glucocorticoid receptor (GR), estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ), progesterone receptor A (PgR‐A), and androgen receptor (AR) were shown to play roles in the growth and differentiation of normal thymus and thymic tumors, to the authors' knowledge their association with patient characteristics and prognosis has yet to be determined.METHODS:A series of 140 thymic epithelial tumors (57 type A + AB thymomas, 40 type B1 + B2 thymomas, 6 type B3 thymomas, and 37 thymic carcinomas) were examined for GR, ERα, ERβ, PgR‐A, and AR expression using immunohistochemistry. In addition, the correlation between expression of these hormone receptors and clinicopathologic factors and overall survival (OS) was assessed.RESULTS:GR and ERβ demonstrated a high rate of expression in thymomas and thymic carcinomas (82.9% and 76.4%, respectively), whereas rates of ERα, PgR‐A, and AR expression were low (13.6%, 0.71%, and 23.6%, respectively). A significant correlation (P < .05) was found between ERα expression and tumor size and between ERβ expression and tumor stage. Multivariate analyses revealed that histologic subtype (P = .0039), tumor stage (P = .0012), and GR expression (P = .0025) were significantly correlated with the 10‐year OS rate.CONCLUSIONS:GR and ERβ demonstrated high rates of expression in thymomas and thymic carcinomas. Furthermore, multivariate analysis revealed that GR expression was associated with better prognosis in patients with surgically resected thymomas and thymic carcinomas. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Examination of laryngoesophageal dysfunction‐free survival as an endpoint in nonsurgical treatment of squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx and hypopharynx
Authors: Caudell Jimmy J. , Carroll William R. , Spencer Sharon A. , Bonner James A. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:A recently published consensus guideline suggested a new endpoint for clinical trials involving cancer of the larynx and hypopharynx: laryngoesophageal dysfunction‐free survival (LEDFS). The authors of this report examined LEDFS in the context of definitive radiotherapy alone (RT) or with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT).METHODS:Patients with a stage III to IVB squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx or hypopharynx who received definitive radiotherapy were included. Consensus guidelines also suggested analysis of the following: tumor classification, lymph node status, pretreatment tracheotomy, pretreatment swallowing dysfunction, and subsite. LEDFS was assessed using Kaplan‐Meier survival analyses.RESULTS:Eighty‐five patients (73.9%) received CRT, and 30 patients (26.1%) received RT. For the entire cohort, the 3‐year LEDFS rate was 28.9%. CRT was associated with an improved LEDFS at 3 years (32.2% vs 20%; P = .02). Pretreatment dysphagia (P = .06) and N2 or N3 lymph node status (P = .09) demonstrated a trend toward poorer LEDFS, but patients who had T4 tumors had an LEDFS similar to that of patients who had T2 and T3 tumors.CONCLUSIONS:LEDFS was superior in patients who received CRT compared with patients who received RT alone. T4 status was not associated with a worse LEDFS. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Plasma Epstein‐Barr virus DNA screening followed by 18F‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose positron emission tomography in detecting posttreatment failures of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Wang Wen‐Yi , Twu Chih‐Wen , Lin Wan‐Yu , Jiang Rong‐San , Liang Kai‐Li , Chen Kuan‐Wen , Wu Ching‐Te , Shih Yi‐Ting , Lin Jin‐Ching 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:The authors investigated the clinical implication of plasma Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) DNA assay and 18F‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose (18F‐FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) in the detection of recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).METHODS:Two hundred forty‐five patients with NPC who had previously received treatment and were in a state of remission were monitored prospectively using a plasma EBV DNA assay every 3 to 6 months. 18F‐FDG PET studies were obtained when abnormal EBV DNA or clinically suggestive signs of recurrence were noted.RESULTS:Thirty‐six of 245 patients (14.7%) patients had abnormal EBV DNA tests and underwent PET scans. In the remaining 209 patients, 3658 blood tests were negative. PET scans also were obtained in 5 patients who had undetectable EBV DNA levels but signs that were clinically suggestive of disease recurrence. Subsequent analyses focused on 41 patients who had PET studies. In lesion‐based analyses, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of PET by visual interpretation were 81.8%, 77.1%, and 79.2%, respectively, for all 125 lesions. In patient‐based analyses, the accuracy of PET by visual interpretation was 51.2%. All 36 patients who had detectable plasma levels of EBV DNA had demonstrable NPC recurrences, whereas no recurrences were noted in 5 patients who had undetectable EBV DNA levels but signs that clinically mimicked a recurrence. Compared with annual PET, the annual cost of blood tests every 3 to 6 months per patient saved approximately 77% ∼ 88% in expenses.CONCLUSIONS:The plasma EBV DNA assay correctly predicted all NPC recurrences, and PET had high capacity to localize potential lesion sites. The authors concluded that applying the strategy of EBV DNA screening followed by PET scanning may guide appropriate further treatment planning in a cost‐effective manner. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Rising incidence of second cancers in patients with low‐risk (T1N0) thyroid cancer who receive radioactive iodine therapy
Authors: Iyer N. Gopalakrishna , Morris Luc G. T. , Tuttle R. Michael , Shaha Ashok R. , Ganly Ian 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:American Thyroid Association guidelines currently recommend the selective use of radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy in patients with well differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC). Despite these guidelines, RAI ablation has been used routinely in all but the very lowest risk patients with thyroid cancer over the last 30 years. The objective of this study was to evaluate patterns of RAI use and elevated risk of secondary primary malignancies (SPM) in patients with low‐risk (T1N0) WDTC.METHODS:The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to analyze trends in RAI use over time in the United States. To determine the excess risk of SPM, the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) and excess absolute risk (EAR) of various cancers were calculated in the 2 cohorts. Between 1973 and 2007, 37,176 patients with WDTC were followed in the SEER Program, equating to 408,750 person‐years at risk (PYR). In total, 14,589 patients received RAI, and SPMs were observed in 3223 patients.RESULTS:During the study period, the rate of RAI use in patients with low‐risk (T1N0) WDTC increased from 3.3% to 38.1%. For low‐risk patients, the SIR of SPM was 1.21 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.93‐1.54), and the EAR was 4.6 excess cases per 10,000 PYR. SPM with significantly elevated risk because of RAI were salivary gland malignancies (SIR = 11.13; 95% CI, 1.35‐40.2) and leukemia (SIR = 5.68; 95% CI, 2.09‐12.37). The excess risk of leukemia was significantly greater in patients aged <45 years (SIR = 5.32; 95% CI, 2.75‐9.30) compared with the excess risk in older patients (SIR = 2.26; 95% CI, 1.43‐3.39).CONCLUSIONS:The increased risk of a SPM in patients with low‐risk (T1N0) WDTC, along with a lack of data demonstrating improved survival outcomes with adjuvant RAI, provide a compelling argument in favor of rationing the use of RAI in this patient population. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Phase 2 study of high‐dose proton therapy with concurrent chemotherapy for unresectable stage III nonsmall cell lung cancer
Authors: Chang Joe Y. , Komaki Ritsuko , Lu Charles , Wen Hong Y. , Allen Pamela K. , Tsao Anne , Gillin Michael , Mohan Radhe , Cox James D. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:The authors sought to improve the toxicity of conventional concurrent chemoradiation therapy for stage III nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by using proton‐beam therapy to escalate the radiation dose to the tumor. They report early results of a phase 2 study of high‐dose proton therapy and concurrent chemotherapy in terms of toxicity, failure patterns, and survival.METHODS:Forty‐four patients with stage III NSCLC were treated with 74 grays (radiobiologic equivalent) proton therapy with weekly carboplatin (area under the curve, 2 U) and paclitaxel (50 mg/m2). Disease was staged with positron emission tomography/computed tomography (CT), and treatments were simulated with 4‐dimensional (4D) CT to account for tumor motion. Protons were delivered as passively scattered beams, and treatment simulation was repeated during the treatment process to determine the need for adaptive replanning.RESULTS:Median follow‐up time was 19.7 months (range, 6.1‐44.4 months), and median overall survival time was 29.4 months. No patient experienced grade 4 or 5 proton‐related adverse events. The most common nonhematologic grade 3 toxicities were dermatitis (n = 5), esophagitis (n = 5), and pneumonitis (n = 1). Nine (20.5%) patients experienced local disease recurrence, but only 4 (9.1%) had isolated local failure. Four (9.1%) patients had regional lymph node recurrence, but only 1 (2.3%) had isolated regional recurrence. Nineteen (43.2%) patients developed distant metastasis. The overall survival and progression‐free survival rates were 86% and 63% at 1 year.CONCLUSIONS:Concurrent high‐dose proton therapy and chemotherapy are well tolerated, and the median survival time of 29.4 months is encouraging for unresectable stage III NSCLC. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society
Sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Pecha Vaclav , Kolarik Dusan , Kozevnikova Renata , Hovorkova Karolina , Hrabetova Petruse , Halaska Michael , Sottner Oldrich , Trnkova Marketa , Petruzelka Lubos , Kolarova Hana 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is a widely used staging method for patients with early breast cancer. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy modifies the anatomical conditions in the breast and axilla, and thus SLNB remains controversial in patients treated preoperatively. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the reliability and accuracy of this procedure in this particular group of patients.METHODS:The retrospective study analyzed medical records of patients diagnosed with primary breast cancer between the years 2005 and 2009. Of the patients treated by neoadjuvant therapy, 343 underwent lymphatic mapping to identify sentinel lymph nodes, and these were included in the analysis.RESULTS:The overall detection rate of sentinel lymph nodes was 80.8%. It was strongly influenced by clinical lymph node status (significantly higher success rate in lymph node‐negative patients); higher detection rates were also associated with age <50 years, estrogen receptor positivity, lower proliferation index, and absent lymphovascular space invasion. The false‐negative rate was 19.5% and was only marginally significantly dependent on lymphovascular space invasion. The overall accuracy of the method was 91.5%.CONCLUSIONS:By using the present technique, sentinel lymph node biopsy cannot be recommended as a reliable predictor of axillary lymph node status when performed at the authors' institution after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Infrequent use of blue dye for lymphatic mapping, low number of resected sentinel lymph nodes, and absence of any selection among patients included in the study could be the main factors responsible for the low detection rate and high false‐negative rate. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Biospecimen reporting for improved study quality (BRISQ)
Authors: Moore Helen M. , Kelly Andrea B. , Jewell Scott D. , McShane Lisa M. , Clark Douglas P. , Greenspan Renata , Hayes Daniel F. , Hainaut Pierre , Kim Paula , Mansfield Elizabeth A. , Potapova Olga , Riegman Peter , Rubinstein Yaffa , Seijo Edward , Somiari Stella , Watson Peter , Weier Heinz‐Ulrich , Zhu Claire , Vaught Jim 
Published: March 2011

AbstractHuman biospecimens are subjected to collection, processing, and storage that can significantly alter their molecular composition and consistency. These biospecimen preanalytical factors, in turn, influence experimental outcomes and the ability to reproduce scientific results. Currently, the extent and type of information specific to the biospecimen preanalytical conditions reported in scientific publications and regulatory submissions varies widely. To improve the quality of research that uses human tissues, it is crucial that information on the handling of biospecimens be reported in a thorough, accurate, and standardized manner. The Biospecimen Reporting for Improved Study Quality (BRISQ) recommendations outlined herein are intended to apply to any study in which human biospecimens are used. The purpose of reporting these details is to supply others, from researchers to regulators, with more consistent and standardized information to better evaluate, interpret, compare, and reproduce the experimental results. The BRISQ guidelines are proposed as an important and timely resource tool to strengthen communication and publications on biospecimen‐related research and to help reassure patient contributors and the advocacy community that their contributions are valued and respected. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2011. Published 2011 by the American Cancer Society.