bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linguistic diversity and emergency health alerts: A systematic critical review
Authors: Wilding Raelene , Araujo Natalie , Velásquez Urribarrí Jessica , Stebbins Tonya , Whitby Linda , Koster Emma 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAustralia is a world leader in providing valuable resources that support multilingual access to healthcare services. However, the COVID‐19 pandemic revealed that these resources are not always effective in ensuring that linguistically diverse citizens have access to information in a crisis. In this paper, we consider whether authorities around the world have implemented effective approaches that might be adapted to enhance multilingual communications in public health crises in the Australian context. Using a systematic literature review, we identify strategies implemented by governments and public health authorities to effectively support communication in a range of languages during public health emergencies. Four databases were searched and resulting studies analysed. We found that substantial bodies of the literature document the communication needs of culturally and linguistically diverse communities and the role of community and religious organisations in providing that support. However, there is almost no attention to the role that governments or public health authorities might play in implementing strategies to address those needs. Analysis of the studies suggests that public health authorities could benefit from working more collaboratively with community organisations to establish communication strategies that are timely, trustworthy, efficient and capable of cultural and linguistic nuance in public health emergencies.
Cortical microinfarcts in adults with Down syndrome assessed with 3T‐MRI
Authors: Aranha Mateus Rozalem , Montal Victor , van den Brink Hilde , Pegueroles Jordi , Carmona‐Iragui Maria , Videla Laura , Maure Blesa Lucia , Benejam Bessy , Arranz Javier , Valldeneu Sílvia , Barroeta Isabel , Fernández Susana , Ribas Laia , Alcolea Daniel , González‐Ortiz Sofía , Bargalló Núria , Biessels Geert Jan , Blesa Rafael , Lleó Alberto , Coutinho Artur Martins , Leite Cláudia Costa , Bejanin Alexandre , Fortea Juan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDCortical microinfarcts (CMI) were attributed to cerebrovascular disease and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). CAA is frequent in Down syndrome (DS) while hypertension is rare, yet no studies have assessed CMI in DS.METHODSWe included 195 adults with DS, 63 with symptomatic sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 106 controls with 3T magnetic resonance imaging. We assessed CMI prevalence in each group and CMI association with age, AD clinical continuum, vascular risk factors, vascular neuroimaging findings, amyloid/tau/neurodegeneration biomarkers, and cognition in DS.RESULTSCMI prevalence was 11.8% in DS, 4.7% in controls, and 17.5% in sporadic AD. In DS, CMI increased in prevalence with age and the AD clinical continuum, was clustered in the parietal lobes, and was associated with lacunes and cortico‐subcortical infarcts, but not hemorrhagic lesions.DISCUSSIONIn DS, CMI are posteriorly distributed and related to ischemic but not hemorrhagic findings suggesting they might be associated with a specific ischemic CAA phenotype.Highlights
This is the first study to assess cortical microinfarcts (assessed with 3T magnetic resonance imaging) in adults with Down syndrome (DS).
We studied the prevalence of cortical microinfarcts in DS and its relationship with age, the Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical continuum, vascular risk factors, vascular neuroimaging findings, amyloid/tau/neurodegeneration biomarkers, and cognition.
The prevalence of cortical microinfarcts was 11.8% in DS and increased with age and along the AD clinical continuum. Cortical microinfarcts were clustered in the parietal lobes, and were associated with lacunes and cortico‐subcortical infarcts, but not hemorrhagic lesions.
In DS, cortical microinfarcts are posteriorly distributed and related to ischemic but not hemorrhagic findings suggesting they might be associated with a specific ischemic phenotype of cerebral amyloid angiopathy.
Alzheimer's disease genetic risk score and neuroimaging in the FINGER lifestyle trial
Authors: Saadmaan Gazi , Dalmasso Maria Carolina , Ramirez Alfredo , Hiltunen Mikko , Kemppainen Nina , Lehtisalo Jenni , Mangialasche Francesca , Ngandu Tiia , Rinne Juha , Soininen Hilkka , Stephen Ruth , Kivipelto Miia , Solomon Alina 
Published: April 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe assessed a genetic risk score for Alzheimer's disease (AD‐GRS) and apolipoprotein E (APOE4) in an exploratory neuroimaging substudy of the FINGER trial.METHODS1260 at‐risk older individuals without dementia were randomized to multidomain lifestyle intervention or health advice. N = 126 participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and N = 47 positron emission tomography (PET) scans (Pittsburgh Compund B [PiB], Fluorodeoxyglucose) at baseline; N = 107 and N = 38 had repeated 2‐year scans.RESULTSThe APOE4 allele, but not AD‐GRS, was associated with baseline lower hippocampus volume (β = −0.27, p = 0.001), greater amyloid deposition (β = 0.48, p = 0.001), 2‐year decline in hippocampus (β = −0.27, p = 0.01), total gray matter volume (β = −0.25, p = 0.01), and cortical thickness (β = −0.28, p = 0.003). In analyses stratified by AD‐GRS (below vs above median), the PiB composite score increased less in intervention versus control in the higher AD‐GRS group (β = −0.60, p = 0.03).DISCUSSIONAD‐GRS and APOE4 may have different impacts on potential intervention effects on amyloid, that is, less accumulation in the higher‐risk group (AD‐GRS) versus lower‐risk group (APOE).Highlights
First study of neuroimaging and AD genetics in a multidomain lifestyle intervention.
Possible intervention effect on brain amyloid deposition may rely on genetic risk.
AD‐GRS and APOE4 allele may have different impacts on amyloid during intervention.
Linking white matter hyperintensities to regional cortical thinning, amyloid deposition, and synaptic density loss in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Zhang Junfang , Chen Haijuan , Wang Jie , Huang Qi , Xu Xiaomeng , Wang Wenjing , Xu Wei , Guan Yihui , Liu Jun , Wardlaw Joanna M , Deng Yulei , Xie Fang , Li Binyin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe investigated the association between white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and regional cortical thickness, amyloid and tau deposition, and synaptic density in the WMH‐connected cortex using multimodal images.METHODSWe included 107 participants (59 with Alzheimer's disease [AD]; 27 with mild cognitive impairment; 21 cognitively normal controls) with amyloid beta (Aβ) positivity on amyloid positron emission tomography (PET). The cortex connected to WMH was identified using probabilistic tractography.RESULTSWe found that WMH connected to the cortex with more severe regional degeneration as measured by cortical thickness, Aβ and tau deposition, and synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2 A (SV2A) density using 18F‐SynVesT‐1 PET. In addition, higher ratios of Aβ in the deep WMH‐connected versus WMH‐unconnected cortex were significantly related to lower cognitive scores. Last, the cortical thickness of WMH‐connected cortex reduced more than WMH‐unconnected cortex over 12 months.DISCUSSIONOur results suggest that WMH may be associated with AD‐intrinsic processes of degeneration, in addition to vascular mechanisms.Highlights
We studied white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and WMH‐connected cortical changes.
WMHs are associated with more severe regional cortical degeneration.
Findings suggest WMHs may be associated with Alzheimer's disease–intrinsic processes of degeneration.
Neuron‐Like Silicone Nanofilaments@Montmorillonite Nanofillers of PEO‐Based Solid‐State Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Batteries with Wide Operation Temperature
Authors: Wang Wankai , Yang Yanfei , Yang Jie , Zhang Junping 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPoly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)‐based composite solid electrolytes (CSEs) are promising to accelerate commercialization of solid‐state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs). Nonetheless, this is hindered by the CSEs’ limited ion conductivity at room temperature. Here, we propose design, synthesis, and application of the bioinspired neuron‐like nanofillers for PEO‐based CSEs. The neuron‐like superhydrophobic nanofillers are synthesized by controllably grafting silicone nanofilaments onto montmorillonite nanosheets. Compared to various reported fillers, the nanofillers can greatly improve ionic conductivity (4.9×10−4 S cm−1, 30 °C), Li+ transference number (0.63), oxidation stability (5.3 V) and mechanical properties of the PEO‐based CSEs because of the following facts. The distinctive neuron‐like structure and the resulting synaptic‐like connections establish numerous long‐distance continuous channels over various directions in the PEO‐based CSEs for fast and uniform Li+ transport. Consequently, the assembled SSLMBs with the CSEs and LiFePO4 or NCM811 cathodes display superior cycling stability over a wide temperature range of 50 °C to 0 °C. Surprisingly, the pouch batteries with the large‐scale prepared CSEs kept working after being repeatedly bent, folded, cut or even punched in air. We believe that design of neuron‐like nanofillers is a viable approach to produce CSEs with high room temperature ionic conductivity for SSLMBs.
Controlled Synthesis of Unconventional Phase Alloy Nanobranches for Highly Selective Electrocatalytic Nitrite Reduction to Ammonia
Authors: Wang Yunhao , Xiong Yuecheng , Sun Mingzi , Zhou Jingwen , Hao Fengkun , Zhang Qinghua , Ye Chenliang , Wang Xixi , Xu Zhihang , Wa Qingbo , Liu Fu , Meng Xiang , Wang Juan , Lu Pengyi , Ma Yangbo , Yin Jinwen , Zhu Ye , Chu Shengqi , Huang Bolong , Gu Lin , Fan Zhanxi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe controlled synthesis of metal nanomaterials with unconventional phases is of significant importance to develop high‐performance catalysts for various applications. However, it remains challenging to modulate the atomic arrangements of metal nanomaterials, especially the alloy nanostructures that involve different metals with distinct redox potentials. Here we report the general one‐pot synthesis of IrNi, IrRhNi and IrFeNi alloy nanobranches with unconventional hexagonal close‐packed (hcp) phase. Notably, the as‐synthesized hcp IrNi nanobranches demonstrate excellent catalytic performance towards electrochemical nitrite reduction reaction (NO2RR), with superior NH3 Faradaic efficiency and yield rate of 98.2 % and 34.6 mg h−1 mgcat−1 (75.5 mg h−1 mgIr−1) at 0 and −0.1 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode), respectively. Ex/in situ characterizations and theoretical calculations reveal that the Ir−Ni interactions within hcp IrNi alloy improve electron transfer to benefit both nitrite activation and active hydrogen generation, leading to a stronger reaction trend of NO2RR by greatly reducing energy barriers of rate‐determining step.
A Carbon‐Caged Rhodamine Generating Nitrosoperoxycarbonate for Photoimmunotherapy
Authors: Yin Lei , Zhao Bei , Zhou Jie , Huang Yunxia , Ma Hao , Zhou Ting , Mou Jie , Min Peiru , Chen Jinquan , Ge Guangbo , Qian Xuhong , Luo Xiao , Yang Youjun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPhotoimmunotherapy is a promising cancer treatment modality. While potent 1‐e− oxidative species are known to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), they are also associated with unspecific oxidation and collateral tissue damage. This difficulty may be addressed by post‐generation radical reinforcement. Namely, non‐oxidative radicals are first generated and subsequently activated into powerful oxidative radicals to induce ICD. Here, we developed a photo‐triggered molecular donor (NPCD565) of nitrosoperoxycarbonate (ONOOCO2−), the first of its class to our knowledge, and further evaluated its feasibility for immunotherapy. Upon irradiation of NPCD565 by light within a broad spectral region from ultraviolet to red, ONOOCO2− is released along with a bright rhodamine dye (RD565), whose fluorescence is a reliable and convenient build‐in reporter for the localization, kinetics, and dose of ONOOCO2− generation. Upon photolysis of NPCD565 in 4T1 cells, damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) indicative of ICD were observed and confirmed to exhibit immunogenicity by induced maturation of dendritic cells. In vivo studies with a bilateral tumor‐bearing mouse model showcased the potent tumor‐killing capability of NPCD565 of the primary tumors and growth suppression of the distant tumors. This work unveils the potent immunogenicity of ONOOCO2−, and its donor (NPCD565) has broad potential for photo‐immunotherapy of cancer.
An Electrocatalytic Cascade Reaction for the Synthesis of Ketones Using CO2 as a CO Surrogate
Authors: Sheta Ahmed M. , Fernández Sergio , Liu Changwei , Dubed‐Bandomo Geyla C. , Lloret‐Fillol Julio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe construction of carbonyl compounds via carbonylation reactions using safe CO sources remains a long‐standing challenge to synthetic chemists. Herein, we propose a catalyst cascade Scheme in which CO2 is used as a CO surrogate in the carbonylation of benzyl chlorides. Our approach is based on the cooperation between two coexisting catalytic cycles: the CO2‐to‐CO electroreduction cycle promoted by [Fe(TPP)Cl] (TPP=meso‐tetraphenylporphyrin) and an electrochemical carbonylation cycle catalyzed by [Ni(bpy)Br2] (2,2′‐bipyridine). As a proof of concept, this protocol allows for the synthesis of symmetric ketones from good to excellent yields in an undivided cell with non‐sacrificial electrodes. The reaction can be directly scaled up to gram‐scale and operates effectively at a CO2 concentration of 10 %, demonstrating its robustness. Our mechanistic studies based on cyclic voltammetry, IR spectroelectrochemistry and Density Functional Theory calculations suggest a synergistic effect between the two catalysts. The CO produced from CO2 reduction is key in the formation of the [Ni(bpy)(CO)2], which is proposed as the catalytic intermediate responsible for the C−C bond formation in the carbonylation steps.
Blocking Interfacial Proton Transport via Self‐Assembled Monolayer for Hydrogen Evolution‐Free Zinc Batteries
Authors: Chen Jianping , Shi Yayun , Zheng Songhe , Zhao Wanyu , Li Ruimin , Ye Ke , Zhao Xiaoli , Zuo Zhijun , Pan Zhenghui , Yang Xiaowei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAqueous Zn‐ion batteries (ZIBs) are promising next‐generation energy storage devices, yet suffer from the issues of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and intricate side reactions on the Zn anode surface. The hydrogen (H)‐bond networks play a critical role in interfacial proton transport that may closely relate to HER but are rarely investigated. Herein, we report a self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) strategy which is constructed by anchoring ionic liquid cations on Ti3C2Tx substrate for HER‐free Zn anode. Molecule dynamics simulations reveal that the rationally designed SAM with a high coordination number of water molecules (25–27, 4–6 for Zn2+) largely reduces the interfacial densities of H2O molecules, therefore breaking the connectivity of H‐bond networks and blocking proton transport on the interface, by which the HER is suppressed. Then, a series of in situ characterizations demonstrate that negligible amounts of H2 gas are collected from the Zn@SAM‐MXene anode. Consequently, the symmetric cell enables a long‐cycling life of 3000 h at 1 mA cm−2 and 1000 h at 5 mA cm−2. More significantly, the stable Zn@SAM‐MXene films are successfully used for coin full cells showing high‐capacity retention of over 94 % after 1000 cycles and large‐area (10×5 cm2) pouch cells with desired performance.
Detection of Sulfoquinovosidase Activity in Cell Lysates Using Activity‐Based Probes
Authors: Li Zirui , Pickles Isabelle B. , Sharma Mahima , Melling Benjamin , Pallasdies Luise , Codée Jeroen D. C. , Williams Spencer J. , Overkleeft Herman S. , Davies Gideon J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe sulfolipid sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol (SQDG), produced by plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, constitutes a major sulfur reserve in the biosphere. Microbial breakdown of SQDG is critical for the biological utilization of its sulfur. This commences through release of the parent sugar, sulfoquinovose (SQ), catalyzed by sulfoquinovosidases (SQases). These vanguard enzymes are encoded in gene clusters that code for diverse SQ catabolic pathways. To identify, visualize and isolate glycoside hydrolase CAZY‐family 31 (GH31) SQases in complex biological environments, we introduce SQ cyclophellitol‐aziridine activity‐based probes (ABPs). These ABPs label the active site nucleophile of this enzyme family, consistent with specific recognition of the SQ cyclophellitol‐aziridine in the active site, as evidenced in the 3D structure of Bacillus megaterium SQase. A fluorescent Cy5‐probe enables visualization of SQases in crude cell lysates from bacteria harbouring different SQ breakdown pathways, whilst a biotin‐probe enables SQase capture and identification by proteomics. The Cy5‐probe facilitates monitoring of active SQase levels during different stages of bacterial growth which show great contrast to more traditional mRNA analysis obtained by RT‐qPCR. Given the importance of SQases in global sulfur cycling and in human microbiota, these SQase ABPs provide a new tool with which to study SQase occurrence, activity and stability.
Single Crystal and Pentatwinned Gold Nanorods Result in Chiral Nanocrystals with Reverse Handedness
Authors: Van Gordon Kyle , Ni Bing , Girod Robin , Mychinko Mikhail , Bevilacqua Francisco , Bals Sara , Liz‐Marzán Luis M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHandedness is an essential attribute of chiral nanocrystals, having a major influence on their properties. During chemical growth, the handedness of nanocrystals is usually tuned by selecting the corresponding enantiomer of chiral molecules involved in asymmetric growth, often known as chiral inducers. We report that, even using the same chiral inducer enantiomer, the handedness of chiral gold nanocrystals can be reversed by using Au nanorod seeds with either single crystalline or pentatwinned structure. This effect holds for chiral growth induced both by amino acids and by chiral micelles. Although it was challenging to discern the morphological handedness for L‐cystine‐directed particles, even using electron tomography, both cases showed circular dichroism bands of opposite sign, with nearly mirrored chiroptical signatures for chiral micelle‐directed growth, along with quasi‐helical wrinkles of inverted handedness. These results expand the chiral growth toolbox with an effect that might be exploited to yield a host of interesting morphologies with tunable optical properties.
Micelles Cascade Assembly to Tandem Porous Catalyst for Waste Plastics Upcycling
Authors: Feng Jiayou , Duan Jindi , Hung Chin‐Te , Zhang Zhenghao , Li Kailin , Ai Yan , Yang Chaochao , Zhao Yiyue , Yu Zhengmin , Zhang Yahong , Wang Liang , Zhao Dongyuan , Li Wei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCatalytic upcycling of polyolefins into high‐value chemicals represents the direction in end‐of‐life plastics valorization, but poses great challenges. Here, we report the synthesis of a tandem porous catalyst via a micelle cascade assembly strategy for selectively catalytic cracking of polyethylene into olefins at a low temperature. A hierarchically porous silica layer from mesopore to macropore is constructed on the surface of microporous ZSM‐5 nanosheets through cascade assembly of dynamic micelles. The outer macropore arrays can adsorb bulky polyolefins quickly by the capillary and hydrophobic effects, enhancing the diffusion and access to active sites. The middle mesopores present a nanoconfinement space, pre‐cracking polyolefins into intermediates by weak acid sites, which then transport into zeolites micropores for further cracking by strong Brønsted acid sites. The hierarchically porous and acidic structures, mimicking biomimetic protease catalytic clefts, ideally match the tandem cracking steps of polyolefins, thus suppressing coke formation and facilitating product escape. As a result, light hydrocarbons (C1‐C7) are produced with a yield of 443 mmol gZSM‐5−1, where 74.3 % of them are C3‐C6 olefins, much superior to ZSM‐5 and porous silica catalysts. This tandem porous catalyst exemplifies a superstructure design of catalytic cracking catalysts for industrial and economical upcycling of plastic wastes.
Enhancing Built‐in Electric Fields via Molecular Symmetry Modulation in Supramolecular Photocatalysts for Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Zhu Xiaolin , Jia Yihui , Liu Yuhan , Xu Jingyi , He Huarui , Wang Siyue , Shao Yang , Zhai Yaxin , Zhu Yongfa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNature‐inspired supramolecular self‐assemblies are attractive photocatalysts, but their quantum yields are limited by poor charge separation and transportation. A promising strategy for efficient charge transfer is to enhance the built‐in electric field by symmetry breaking. Herein, an unsymmetric protonation, N‐heterocyclic π‐conjugated anthrazoline‐based supramolecular photocatalyst SA‐DADK‐H+ was developed. The unsymmetric protonation breaks the initial structural symmetry of DADK, resulting in ca. 50‐fold increase in the molecular dipole, and facilitates efficient charge separation and transfer within SA‐DADK‐H+. The protonation process also creates numerous active sites for H2O adsorption, and serves as crucial proton relays, significantly improving the photocatalytic efficiency. Remarkably, SA‐DADK‐H+ exhibits an outstanding hydrogen evolution rate of 278.2 mmol g−1 h−1 and a remarkable apparent quantum efficiency of 25.1 % at 450 nm, placing it among the state‐of‐the‐art performances in organic semiconductor photocatalysts. Furthermore, the versatility of the unsymmetric protonation approach has been successfully applied to four other photocatalysts, enhancing their photocatalytic performance by 39 to 533 times. These findings highlight the considerable potential of unsymmetric protonation induced symmetry breaking strategy in tailoring supramolecular photocatalysts for efficient solar‐to‐fuel production.
Confirmation of radiation interaction with high‐Z metal‐quercetin complex to utilize factor for radiation protection materials
Authors: Choi Pyeong Seok , Baek Inwoo , Choi Moon‐Young , Lee Minwoong , Jung Jong Hyun , Na Jun‐Hee , Gwon Hui‐Jeong 
Published: April 2024

A high‐Z metal‐quercetin complex‐based material is developed by combining Hf, Ta, and Eu with quercetin (Qu) from a flavonoid series to apply to radiation protection materials. To demonstrate radiation energy absorbance, we utilize a polymer blend composed of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a matrix. This eco‐friendly film can be easily prepared by simply mixing it with the M‐Qu complex and the CMC‐PVP polymer blend. The possibility of radiation energy absorbance by the M‐Qu complex is confirmed through an analysis of the X‐ray energy absorption dose change rate. In addition, the radiation resistance characteristics of each film sample are measured using high‐energy electron‐beam irradiation. The results show that the Ta‐containing Qu complex has a high capability for UV energy downshift, X‐ray radiation absorption, and stability against electron‐beam radiation. This indicates that the material in question has the potential to serve as a superior radiation protection material for broad‐spectrum radiation energy. Also, it could effectively offer remarkable stability making it a compelling option for radiation‐resistant applications.