bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a vibration-damping, sound-insulating, and heat-insulating porous sphere foam system and its application in green buildings
Authors: Hua Shi , Okello Moses Oyaro , Zhang Jian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
With the development of green buildings, people pay more attention to the quality of the indoor sound environment. The air sound insulation performance of floors and exterior walls plays a key role in today's green buildings. The thermal performance of the enclosure structure's floor and exterior wall heat transfer resistance is an important factor in reducing building carbon emissions in green buildings. The aim of this paper is to study the efficiency of the acoustic and thermal insulation of a foaming system with porous carbon balls and the combination of different structural ways of construction boards and external walls. The acoustic and thermal parameters of different sound insulation and thermal insulation systems designed with porous carbon sphere foam and inserted into the floors and exterior walls are compared to highlight the optimal structure. The theoretical and experimental tests showed that to improve the sound insulation performance of the floor, a sound insulation system needs to be placed on the surface of the floor in contact with the impact object and inlaid in the vertical gap in contact with the floor and the wall. Furthermore, it has been determined that the surface of the foam particle acoustic ball with micropores has good sound absorption performance. Finally, the high-quality building thermal insulation material with low thermal conductivity in any combination with the floor slabs and the external wall structure improves the thermal insulation performance.
Abundant extrasynaptic expression of α3β4-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the medial habenula–interpeduncular nucleus pathway in mice
Authors: Tsuzuki Asuka , Yamasaki Miwako , Konno Kohtarou , Miyazaki Taisuke , Takei Norio , Tomita Susumu , Yuzaki Michisuke , Watanabe Masahiko 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the medial habenula (MHb)–interpeduncular nucleus (IPN) pathway play critical roles in nicotine-related behaviors. This pathway is particularly enriched in nAChR α3 and β4 subunits, both of which are genetically linked to nicotine dependence. However, the cellular and subcellular expression of endogenous α3β4-containing nAChRs remains largely unknown because specific antibodies and appropriate detection methods were unavailable. Here, we successfully uncovered the expression of endogenous nAChRs containing α3 and β4 subunits in the MHb–IPN pathway using novel specific antibodies and a fixative glyoxal that enables simultaneous detection of synaptic and extrasynaptic molecules. Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy revealed that both subunits were predominantly localized to the extrasynaptic cell surface of somatodendritic and axonal compartments of MHb neurons but not at their synaptic junctions. Immunolabeling for α3 and β4 subunits disappeared in α5β4-knockout brains, which we used as negative controls. The enriched and diffuse extrasynaptic expression along the MHb–IPN pathway suggests that α3β4-containing nAChRs may enhance the excitability of MHb neurons and neurotransmitter release from their presynaptic terminals in the IPN. The revealed distribution pattern provides a molecular and anatomical basis for understanding the functional role of α3β4-containing nAChRs in the crucial pathway of nicotine dependence.
A cross sectional study assessing steatotic liver disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Baeza-Zapata Armando Antonio , Kammar-García Ashuin , Barrera-Vargas Ana , Merayo-Chalico Javier , Martínez-Vázquez Sophia Eugenia , Moctezuma-Velazquez Carlos 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPatients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases are prone to steatotic liver disease (SLD), which has been observed in patients with psoriasis and hidradenitis suppurativa. We aimed to assess whether systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was associated with SLD and to define factors associated with SLD in SLE. This was a cross-sectional study, we included 106 consecutive patients with SLE who were seen in the rheumatology clinic between June 2021 and March 2022 and we chose two sex-paired controls for each SLE. All the participants underwent FibroScan and anthropometric assessments. SLD was defined as a controlled attenuation parameter ≥ 275dB/m. Prevalence of SLD was lower in patients with SLE (21.7% vs 41.5%, p < 0.001). Patients with SLE and SLD had a lower frequency of hydroxychloroquine use (65% vs 84%, p = 0.04), and higher C3 levels [123mg/dl (IQR 102–136) vs 99mg/dl (IQR 78–121), p = 0.004]. Factors associated with SLD in SLE were body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, glucose, and C3; hydroxychloroquine use was a protective factor. On univariate analysis, SLE was associated with a reduced risk of SLD (OR 0.39, 95%CI 0.23–0.67); however, after adjusting for age, BMI, waist, glucose, triglycerides, high-density cholesterol, low-density cholesterol, leukocytes, and hydroxychloroquine, it was no longer associated (OR 0.43, 95%CI 0.10–1.91). In conclusion, the prevalence of SLD in patients with SLE was not higher than that in the general population, and SLE was not associated with SLD. The factors associated with SLD were anthropometric data, glucose, hydroxychloroquine, and C3 levels.
Analysing the surface morphology of annealed FTO/ZnS bilayer films: stereometric, fractal, and wettability approaches
Authors: Eftekhari Leila , Ghasemi Mohsen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe surface micromorphology and roughening of the thermal evaporation-coated FTO/ZnS bilayer thin films annealed at 300, 400, 500, and $$550\,^\circ{\text{C}}$$

550

∘

C

for 1 h have been studied. AFM images of the prepared samples were analysed by the MountainsMap software, and the effects of the annealing temperature on the surface texture of the FTO/ZnS thin film’s surface were investigated. Stereometric and advanced fractal analyses showed that the sample annealed at $$500\,^\circ{\text{C}}$$

500

∘

C

exhibited greater surface roughness and greater skewness and kurtosis. This film also has the most isotropic surface and exhibits the highest degree of heterogeneity. Also, despite the decrease in surface roughness with increasing temperature from 500 to $$550 \,^\circ{\text{C}}$$

550

∘

C

, the fractal dimension tends to increase. The static water contact angle measurements indicate that the film annealed at $$500 \,^\circ{\text{C}}$$

500

∘

C

exhibits higher hydrophobicity, which can be attributed to its greater topographic roughness. Our research indicates that the surface morphology of FTO/ZnS bilayer thin films is influenced by the annealing temperature. Changing factors such as roughness, fractality, and wettability parameters to help improve surface performance make the FTO/ZnS bilayer suitable for application in electronic and solar systems.
Cardioprotective effects of early versus late initiated antiretroviral treatment in adolescents with perinatal HIV-1 infection
Authors: Magodoro Itai M. , Guerrero-Chalela Carlos E. , Claggett Brian , Jermy Stephen , Samuels Petronella , Myer Landon , Zar Heather J , Jao Jennifer , Ntsekhe Mpiko , Siedner Mark J. , Ntusi Ntobeko A. B. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWhether, and how, cardioprotective effects of antiretroviral treatment (ART) in adolescents with perinatal HIV infection (APHIV) vary with age at treatment initiation is unknown. We used magnetic resonance imaging to compare cardiac status between APHIV initiated on ART at < 5 years of age (early ART, n = 37) and ≥ 5 years of age (delayed ART, n = 34) versus HIV-uninfected peers (n = 21), reporting z-score mean differences adjusted for confounders. Relative to HIV-uninfected adolescents, APHIV with early ART had higher left ventricular (LV) global circumferential strain (GCS) [adjusted mean (95%CI) z-score: 0.53 (0.13, 0.92)] and maximum indexed left atrium volume (LAVi) [adjusted z-score: 0.55 (0.08, 1.02)]. In contrast, APHIV with delayed ART had greater indexed LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDVi) [adjusted z-score: 0.47 (0.09, 0.86)] and extracellular volume fraction [adjusted z-score: 0.79 (0.20, 1.37)], but lower GCS [adjusted z-score: −0.51 (−0.91, −0.10)] than HIV-uninfected peers. APHIV had distinct albeit subclinical cardiac phenotypes depending on ART initiation age. Changes in early ART suggested comparatively worse diastology with preserved systolic function while delayed ART was associated with comparatively increased diffuse fibrosis and LV dilatation with reduced systolic function. The long-term clinical significance of these changes remains to be determined.
Rare variants analyses suggest novel cleft genes in the African population
Authors: Alade Azeez , Mossey Peter , Awotoye Waheed , Busch Tamara , Oladayo Abimbola M. , Aladenika Emmanuel , Olujitan Mojisola , Wentworth Emma , Anand Deepti , Naicker Thirona , Gowans Lord J. J. , Eshete Mekonen A. , Adeyemo Wasiu L. , Zeng Erliang , Van Otterloo Eric , O’Rorke Michael , Adeyemo Adebowale , Murray Jeffrey C. , Cotney Justin , Lachke Salil A. , Romitti Paul , Butali Azeez 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNon-syndromic orofacial clefts (NSOFCs) are common birth defects with a complex etiology. While over 60 common risk loci have been identified, they explain only a small proportion of the heritability for NSOFCs. Rare variants have been implicated in the missing heritability. Thus, our study aimed to identify genes enriched with nonsynonymous rare coding variants associated with NSOFCs. Our sample included 814 non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate (NSCL/P), 205 non-syndromic cleft palate only (NSCPO), and 2150 unrelated control children from Nigeria, Ghana, and Ethiopia. We conducted a gene-based analysis separately for each phenotype using three rare-variants collapsing models: (1) protein-altering (PA), (2) missense variants only (MO); and (3) loss of function variants only (LOFO). Subsequently, we utilized relevant transcriptomics data to evaluate associated gene expression and examined their mutation constraint using the gnomeAD database. In total, 13 genes showed suggestive associations (p = E−04). Among them, eight genes (ABCB1, ALKBH8, CENPF, CSAD, EXPH5, PDZD8, SLC16A9, and TTC28) were consistently expressed in relevant mouse and human craniofacial tissues during the formation of the face, and three genes (ABCB1, TTC28, and PDZD8) showed statistically significant mutation constraint. These findings underscore the role of rare variants in identifying candidate genes for NSOFCs.
Explainable prediction model for the human papillomavirus status in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma using CNN on CT images
Authors: Fanizzi Annarita , Comes Maria Colomba , Bove Samantha , Cavalera Elisa , de Franco Paola , Di Rito Alessia , Errico Angelo , Lioce Marco , Pati Francesca , Portaluri Maurizio , Saponaro Concetta , Scognamillo Giovanni , Troiano Ippolito , Troiano Michele , Zito Francesco Alfredo , Massafra Raffaella 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSeveral studies have emphasised how positive and negative human papillomavirus (HPV+  and HPV−, respectively) oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has distinct molecular profiles, tumor characteristics, and disease outcomes. Different radiomics-based prediction models have been proposed, by also using innovative techniques such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Although some of these models reached encouraging predictive performances, there evidence explaining the role of radiomic features in achieving a specific outcome is scarce. In this paper, we propose some preliminary results related to an explainable CNN-based model to predict HPV status in OPSCC patients. We extracted the Gross Tumor Volume (GTV) of pre-treatment CT images related to 499 patients (356 HPV+ and 143 HPV−) included into the OPC-Radiomics public dataset to train an end-to-end Inception-V3 CNN architecture. We also collected a multicentric dataset consisting of 92 patients (43 HPV+ , 49 HPV−), which was employed as an independent test set. Finally, we applied Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) technique to highlight the most informative areas with respect to the predicted outcome. The proposed model reached an AUC value of 73.50% on the independent test. As a result of the Grad-CAM algorithm, the most informative areas related to the correctly classified HPV+ patients were located into the intratumoral area. Conversely, the most important areas referred to the tumor edges. Finally, since the proposed model provided additional information with respect to the accuracy of the classification given by the visualization of the areas of greatest interest for predictive purposes for each case examined, it could contribute to increase confidence in using computer-based predictive models in the actual clinical practice.
Development of an effective predictive screening tool for prostate cancer using the ClarityDX machine learning platform
Authors: Hyndman M. Eric , Paproski Robert J. , Kinnaird Adam , Fairey Adrian , Marks Leonard , Pavlovich Christian P. , Fletcher Sean A. , Zachoval Roman , Adamcova Vanda , Stejskal Jiri , Aprikian Armen , Wallis Christopher J. D. , Pink Desmond , Vasquez Catalina , Beatty Perrin H. , Lewis John D. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe current prostate cancer (PCa) screen test, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), has a high sensitivity for PCa but low specificity for high-risk, clinically significant PCa (csPCa), resulting in overdiagnosis and overtreatment of non-csPCa. Early identification of csPCa while avoiding unnecessary biopsies in men with non-csPCa is challenging. We built an optimized machine learning platform (ClarityDX) and showed its utility in generating models predicting csPCa. Integrating the ClarityDX platform with blood-based biomarkers for clinically significant PCa and clinical biomarker data from a 3448-patient cohort, we developed a test to stratify patients’ risk of csPCa; called ClarityDX Prostate. When predicting high risk cancer in the validation cohort, ClarityDX Prostate showed 95% sensitivity, 35% specificity, 54% positive predictive value, and 91% negative predictive value, at a ≥ 25% threshold. Using ClarityDX Prostate at this threshold could avoid up to 35% of unnecessary prostate biopsies. ClarityDX Prostate showed higher accuracy for predicting the risk of csPCa than PSA alone and the tested model-based risk calculators. Using this test as a reflex test in men with elevated PSA levels may help patients and their healthcare providers decide if a prostate biopsy is necessary.
Recent advancements in graphitic carbon nitride based direct Z- and S-scheme heterostructures for photocatalytic H2O2 production
Authors: Sahoo Subrat Kumar , Acharya Lopamudra , Biswal Lijarani , Priyadarshini Priyanka , Parida Kulamani 
Published: June 2024

This review summarizes advancements in g-C3N4-based direct Z and S-scheme heterostructures for solar H2O2 synthesis, exploring advanced characterization methods to verify the charge transfer mechanism.
The Emergence and Development of Palestinian Arabic Lexicon and Morphosyntax From 18 to 36 Months: A Communicative Development Inventory Study
Authors: Hashoul-Essa Lina , Armon-Lotem Sharon 
Published: June 2024

Purpose:
This study presents a comprehensive exploration of lexical and grammatical development in Palestinian Arabic (PA). The study aims to test the validity of the Palestinian Arabic Communicative Development Inventory (PA-CDI) as well as generate growth curves for lexical and morphosyntactic development, examine the order of emergence of both lexical and morphosyntactic categories, and explore the contribution of demographic and developmental factors to language development.

Method:
Data were collected from 1,399 parents of PA children aged 18–36 months using an online PA-CDI.

Results:
The results show that as age increased, so did lexical and morphosyntactic production, along with considerable variability across individuals. While lexical development in PA resembles the order observed in other languages with nouns preceding verbs and adjectives, morphosyntactic development indicates early emergence of verbal inflectional morphology prior to noun pluralization or negation. Age of word combination and health problems are predictive of lexical and morphosyntactic development, and so are parental concerns.

Conclusions:
Our findings indicate the potential of the PA-CDI as an assessment tool for lexical and morphosyntactic development among PA-speaking children in Israel. Our developmental growth curves may also be used to identify children at risk for developmental language disorder, particularly those falling below the 10th percentile, thus allowing for early identification and early intervention. The use of background variables, specifically parental concerns, health issues, and word combinations, along with the PA-CDI, could potentially enhance the precision of language delay assessment.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.26026777
Evolving usability heuristics for visualising Augmented Reality/Mixed Reality applications using cognitive model of information processing and fuzzy analytical hierarchy process
Authors: Sumithra T. V. , Ragha Leena , Vaishya Arpit , Desai Rishi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe pace of technological advancement is accelerating, and one of the latest developments is the emergence of Augmented Reality (AR) and Mixed Reality (MR) glasses as an extension of smartphones. The key to success lies in innovative research and technology that can reach a wide audience. To ensure a positive user experience, AR/MR glasses must offer interfaces that are easy to use, memorable, and leave a lasting impression. While Nielsen's heuristics are widely accepted as the standard for usability, it is clear that non‐traditional applications require a rethinking of these heuristics to best suit their unique needs. A fresh usability heuristic for augmented and MR applications is designed by combining and modifying the existing models, such as Nielsen's 10 heuristics, Technology Acceptance Model, and Software Usability Measurement Inventory. The resulting framework incorporates 21 main heuristics and 60 sub heuristics. The 21 main heuristics are further grouped into the Norman's cognitive theory model based on the three levels of processing. The industry experts evaluated and validated the usability framework and established a higher level of effectiveness in identifying more usability problems compared with Nielsen's heuristics.
HYACINTH: HYdrogen And Carbon chemistry in the INTerstellar medium in Hydro simulations
Authors: Khatri Prachi , Porciani Cristiano , Romano-Díaz Emilio , Seifried Daniel , Schäbe Alexander 
Published: June 2024

Aims. We present a new sub-grid model, HYACINTH – HYdrogen And Carbon chemistry in the INTerstellar medium in Hydro simulations – for computing the non-equilibrium abundances of H2 and its carbon-based tracers, namely CO, C, and C+, in cosmological simulations of galaxy formation.
Methods. The model accounts for the unresolved density structure in simulations using a variable probability distribution function of sub-grid densities and a temperature-density relation. Included is a simplified chemical network that has been tailored for hydrogen and carbon chemistry within molecular clouds and easily integrated into large-scale simulations with minimal computational overhead. As an example, we applied HYACINTH to a simulated galaxy at redshift z ~ 2.5 in post-processing and compared the resulting abundances with observations.
Results. The chemical predictions from HYACINTH are in reasonable agreement with high-resolution molecular-cloud simulations at different metallicities. By post-processing a galaxy simulation with HYACINTH, we reproduced the H I − H2 transition as a function of the hydrogen column density NH for both Milky-Way-like and Large-Magellanic-Cloud-like conditions. We also matched the NCO versus NH2 relation inferred from absorption measurements towards Milky-Way molecular clouds, although most of our post-processed regions occupy the same region as (optically) dark molecular clouds in the NCO – NH2 plane. Column density maps reveal that CO is concentrated in the peaks of the H2 distribution, while atomic carbon more broadly traces the bulk of H2 in our post-processed galaxy. Based on both the column density maps and the surface density profiles oŕ the different gas species in the post-processed galaxy, we find that C+ maintains a substantially high surŕace density out to ~10 kpc as opposed to other components that exhibit a higher central concentration. This is similar to the extended [C II] emission ŕound in some recent observations at high redshifts.
The largest metallicity difference in twin systems: High-precision abundance analysis of the benchmark pair Krios and Kronos
Authors: Miquelarena P. , Saffe C. , Flores M. , Petrucci R. , Yana Galarza J. , Alacoria J. , Jaque Arancibia M. , Jofré E. , Montenegro Armijo K. , Gunella F. 
Published: June 2024

Aims. We conducted a high-precision differential abundance analysis of the remarkable binary system HD 240429/30 (Krios and Kronos, respectively), whose difference in metallicity is one of the highest detected to date in systems with similar components (~0.20 dex). A condensation temperature TC trend study was performed to search for possible chemical signatures of planet formation. In addition, other potential scenarios are proposed to explain this disparity.
Methods. Fundamental atmospheric parameters (Teff, log g, [Fe/H], υturb) were calculated using the latest version of the FUNDPAR code in conjunction with ATLAS12 model atmospheres and the MOOG code, considering the Sun and then Kronos as references, employing high-resolution MAROON-X spectra. We applied a full line-by-line differential technique to measure the abundances of 26 elements in both stars with equivalent widths and spectral synthesis taking advantage of the non-solar-scaled opacities to achieve the highest precision.
Results. We find a difference in metallicity of ~0.230 dex: Kronos is more metal rich than Krios. This result denotes a challenge for the chemical tagging method. The analysis encompassed the examination of the diffusion effect and primordial chemical differences, concluding that the observed chemical discrepancies in the binary system cannot be solely attributed to any of these processes. The results also show a noticeable excess of Li of approximately 0.56 dex in Kronos, and an enhancement of refractories with respect to Krios. A photometric study with TESS data was carried out, without finding any signal of possible transiting planets around the stars. Several potential planet formation scenarios were also explored to account for the observed excess in both metallicity and lithium in Kronos; none was definitively excluded. While planetary engulfment is a plausible explanation, considering the ingestion of an exceptionally high mass, approximately ~27.8 M⊕, no scenario is definitively ruled out. We emphasize the need for further investigations and refinements in modelling; indispensable for a comprehensive understanding of the intricate dynamics within the Krios and Kronos binary system.