bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influenza A virus infection disrupts the function of syncytiotrophoblast cells and contributes to adverse pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Wang Jiao , Liu Wenyu , Zhuang Yichao , Yang Jiaxin , Zhao Yetian , Hong Aihui , Du Jingjing , Kong Huihui , Wang Jingfei , Jiang Yongping , Wang Yan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPregnancy heightens susceptibility to influenza A virus (IAV) infection, thereby increasing the risk of severe pneumonia and maternal mortality. It also raises the chances of adverse outcomes in offspring, such as fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, miscarriage, and stillbirth in offsprings. However, the underlying mechanisms behind these effects remain largely unknown. Syncytiotrophoblast cells, crucial in forming the placental barrier, nutrient exchange and hormone secretion, have not been extensively studied for their responses to IAV. In our experiment, we used Forskolin‐treated BeWo cells to mimic syncytiotrophoblast cells in vitro, and infected them with H1N1, H5N1 and H7N9 virus stains. Our results showed that syncytiotrophoblast cells, with their higher intensity of sialic acid receptors, strongly support IAV infection and replication. Notably, high‐dose viral infection and prolonged exposure resulted in a significant decrease in fusion index, as well as gene and protein expression levels associated with trophoblast differentiation, β‐human chorionic gonadotropin secretion, estrogen and progesterone biosynthesis, and nutrient transport. In pregnant BALB/c mice infected with the H1N1 virus, we observed significant decreases in trophoblast differentiation and hormone secretion gene expression levels. IAV infection also resulted in preterm labor, fetal growth restriction, and increased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Our findings indicate that IAV infection in syncytiotrophoblastic cells can result in adverse pregnancy outcomes by altering trophoblast differentiation, suppressing of β‐hCG secretion, and disrupting placental barrier function.
Trends in intraseasonal temperature variability in Europe: Comparison of station data with gridded data and reanalyses
Authors: Krauskopf Tomáš , Huth Radan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTrends in temperature variability are often referred to have higher effect on temperature extremes than trends in the mean. We investigate trends in three complementary measures of intraseasonal temperature variability: (a) standard deviation of mean daily temperature (SD), (b) mean absolute value of day‐to‐day temperature change (DTD) and (c) 1‐day lagged temporal autocorrelation of temperature (LAG). It is a well‐established fact that different types of data (station, gridded, reanalyses) provide different temperature characteristics and particularly their trends. Moreover, we have uncovered that trends in measures of variability are considerably sensitive to data inhomogeneities. Therefore, we use five different datasets, one station based (ECA&D), one gridded (EOBS) and three reanalyses (JRA‐55, NCEP/NCAR, 20CR), and compare them. The period from 1961 to 2014 where all datasets overlap is examined, and the linear regression method is utilized to calculate trends of investigated measures in summer and winter. Intraseasonal temperature variability tends to decrease in winter, especially in eastern and northern Europe, where trends below −7%·decade−1 are detected for all measures. Decreases in DTD and LAG (indicating increase in persistence) prevail also in summer while summer SD tends to increase. The increase in the width of temperature distribution and the simultaneous increase in persistence indicate a tendency towards the rise in the frequency of extended extreme events in summer. Unlike previous studies, our results imply that reanalyses are not the least accurate in determining trends. JRA‐55 appears to be the least diverging from other datasets, while the largest discrepancies are detected for DTD at station data.
The effects and influencing variables based on “supply‐direction‐demand” flow processing: Water provisioning services of Inner Mongolia's ecological shelters
Authors: Liu Jingya , Qin Keyu , Xie Gaodi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe ecological shelter serves a dual purpose of protecting the target ecosystem from damage and benefitting surrounding ecosystems. One important ecosystem service provided by such areas is water provisioning service, which has significant impacts on the surrounding ecosystems due to its flow characteristics. This study aimed to simulate water resources in Inner Mongolia and its surrounding watersheds in 2010 and 2015 using a simplified service path attribution networks (SPANs) model. The InVEST software was utilized to simulate water provisions, and five types of water consumption were used to calculate the total water consumption. Probability statistics with BBNs were utilized to classify variables influencing water provisioning services and calculate state probabilities under different levels of water provisioning services. The results indicated that the remaining water resources in Inner Mongolia were 3.85 × 1010 m3 in 2010 and 1.92 × 1010 m3 in 2015. Additionally, the total net outflow from Inner Mongolia was 2.37 × 1010 m3 in 2010 and 1.58 × 1010 m3 in 2015. Inner Mongolia not only supplies water resources for its own needs but also supports the surrounding areas. Key variables influencing the amount of water‐provisioning services include precipitation, level of economic development, topography, and land use. This research highlights the considerable regional and transregional effects of water provisioning services provided by Inner Mongolia's ecological shelters by delineating the “supply‐flow‐demand” pathway, addressing the spatial correlation deficiency between supply and demand in the field of ecosystem service flow research. The findings of this study, focusing on a typical ecological shelter, can serve as a reference for future research in other similar shelters.
Patient care in complex Sociotechnological ecosystems and learning health systems
Authors: Tu Shin‐Ping , Garcia Brittany , Zhu Xi , Sewell Daniel , Mishra Vimal , Matin Khalid , Dow Alan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe learning health system (LHS) model was proposed to provide real‐time, bi‐directional flow of learning using data captured in health information technology systems to deliver rapid learning in healthcare delivery. As highlighted by the landmark National Academy of Medicine report “Crossing the Quality Chasm,” the U.S. healthcare delivery industry represents complex adaptive systems, and there is an urgent need to develop innovative methods to identify efficient team structures by harnessing real‐world care delivery data found in the electronic health record (EHR). We offer a discussion surrounding the complexities of team communication and how solutions may be guided by theories such as the Multiteam System (MTS) framework and the Multitheoretical Multilevel Framework of Communication Networks. To advance healthcare delivery science and promote LHSs, our team has been building a new line of research using EHR data to study MTS in the complex real world of cancer care delivery. We are developing new network metrics to study MTSs and will be analyzing the impact of EHR communication network structures on patient outcomes. As this research leads to patient care delivery interventions/tools, healthcare leaders and healthcare professionals can effectively use health IT data to implement the most evidence‐based collaboration approaches in order to achieve the optimal LHS and patient outcomes.
Therapeutic targeting of white adipose tissue metabolic dysfunction in obesity: mechanisms and opportunities
Authors: Yang Zi‐Han , Chen Fang‐Zhou , Zhang Yi‐Xiang , Ou Min‐Yi , Tan Poh‐Ching , Xu Xue‐Wen , Li Qing‐Feng , Zhou Shuang‐Bai 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhite adipose tissue is not only a highly heterogeneous organ containing various cells, such as adipocytes, adipose stem and progenitor cells, and immune cells, but also an endocrine organ that is highly important for regulating metabolic and immune homeostasis. In individuals with obesity, dynamic cellular changes in adipose tissue result in phenotypic switching and adipose tissue dysfunction, including pathological expansion, WAT fibrosis, immune cell infiltration, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and ectopic lipid accumulation, ultimately leading to chronic low‐grade inflammation and insulin resistance. Recently, many distinct subpopulations of adipose tissue have been identified, providing new insights into the potential mechanisms of adipose dysfunction in individuals with obesity. Therefore, targeting white adipose tissue as a therapeutic agent for treating obesity and obesity‐related metabolic diseases is of great scientific interest. Here, we provide an overview of white adipose tissue remodeling in individuals with obesity including cellular changes and discuss the underlying regulatory mechanisms of white adipose tissue metabolic dysfunction. Currently, various studies have uncovered promising targets and strategies for obesity treatment. We also outline the potential therapeutic signaling pathways of targeting adipose tissue and summarize existing therapeutic strategies for antiobesity treatment including pharmacological approaches, lifestyle interventions, and novel therapies.
Higher education structure and firm innovation: Theoretical mechanisms and cross‐national evidence
Authors: Yu Qingmei , Liu Yanan , Shao Yihang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the relationship between higher education structure and firm innovation. By drawing on and expanding Schumpeterian growth theory, we analyze this underlying mechanism and conduct empirical tests using a cross‐national survey database of 9,230 firms from 30 countries. The empirical results show that a higher education structure, exhibiting a heightened inclination towards fundamental disciplines such as mathematics and natural sciences (the percentage of graduates in these disciplines), is more conducive to fostering firm innovation. This innovation‐promoting effect is more noticeable in domestic and established enterprises and varies in accordance with a country's institutional conditions. This paper provides new insights into the study of the impact of higher education structure on firm innovation.
Navigator‐based motion compensation for liver BOLD measurement with five‐echo SAGE EPI and breath‐hold task
Authors: Zhang Ke , Triphan Simon M. F. , Wielpütz Mark O. , Ziener Christian H. , Ladd Mark E. , Schlemmer Heinz‐Peter , Kauczor Hans‐Ulrich , Sedlaczek Oliver , Kurz Felix T. 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this work is to apply multi‐echo spin‐ and gradient‐echo (SAGE) echo‐planar imaging (EPI) combined with a navigator‐based (NAV) prospective motion compensation method for a quantitative liver blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) measurement with a breath‐hold (BH) task.MethodsA five‐echo SAGE sequence was developed to quantitatively measure T2 and T2* to depict function with sufficient signal‐to‐noise ratio, spatial resolution and sensitivity to BOLD changes induced by the BH task. To account for respiratory motion, a navigator was employed in the form of a single gradient‐echo projection readout, located at the diaphragm along the inferior–superior direction. Prior to each transverse imaging slice of the spin‐echo EPI‐based readouts, navigator acquisition and fat suppression were incorporated. Motion data was obtained from the navigator and transmitted back to the sequence, allowing real‐time adjustments to slice positioning. Six healthy volunteers and three patients with liver carcinoma were included in this study. Quantitative T2 and T2* were calculated at each time point of the BH task. Parameters of t value from first‐level analysis using a general linear model and hepatovascular reactivity (HVR) of Echo1, T2 and T2* were calculated.ResultsThe motion caused by respiratory activity was successfully compensated using the navigator signal. The average changes of T2 and T2* during breath‐hold were about 1% and 0.7%, respectively. With the help of NAV prospective motion compensation whole liver t values could be obtained without motion artifacts. The quantified liver T2 (34.7 ± 0.7 ms) and T2* (29 ± 1.2 ms) values agreed with values from literature. In healthy volunteers, the distribution of statistical t value and HVR was homogeneous throughout the whole liver. In patients with liver carcinoma, the distribution of t value and HVR was inhomogeneous due to metastases or therapy.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the feasibility of using a NAV prospective motion compensation technique in conjunction with five‐echo SAGE EPI for the quantitative measurement of liver BOLD with a BH task.
Research on properties and cellular structure of nano‐CaCO3/rice‐husk fiber/polypropylene three‐phase thermoplastic microcellular foaming composites
Authors: Cai Yonghua , Liu Lian , Guo Wei , Zhao Feng , Liu Xiaorui , Zhao Jialong , Feng Tao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMicrocellular foamed plant fiber composites have the advantages of low density, low cost, and biodegradability, so it has great development potential in the industry. Nevertheless, the existence of cellular structures diminishes the mechanical performance of plant fiber composites. To overcome this problem, in this study, nano‐CaCO3 was used to enhance the microcellular foamed plant fiber composites, and the three‐phase thermoplastic composites, comprised of nano‐CaCO3, rice‐husk fiber, and polypropylene (PP), were fabricated using a chemical foaming injection molding technique. The study analyzed how the nano‐CaCO3 concentration affected the melt viscosity, crystallization characteristics, mechanical properties, and cellular structure of the composites. According to the findings, the mechanical characteristics of microcellular foamed three‐phase thermoplastic composites were enhanced initially and subsequently diminished as the nano‐CaCO3 content was augmented, and obtained optimal value at 2 wt% nano‐CaCO3 content. By observing the cells of microcellular foamed three‐phase thermoplastic composites in vertical and parallel melt flow directions, it was found that the nano‐CaCO3 content of 2 wt% three‐phase thermoplastic composite had the best cellular structure.Highlights
The role of nano‐CaCO3 in plant fiber composite materials was explored.
The relationship between the content of nano‐CaCO3 and the various properties of tri‐phasic plant fiber composite materials was demonstrated.
The mechanisms by which nano‐CaCO3 enhances plant fiber composite materials were analyzed at both macroscopic and microscopic levels.
Recycled from waste tires carbon black/high‐density polyethylene composite: Multi‐scale mechanical properties and polymer aging
Authors: Billotte Catherine , Romana Laurence , Flory Anny , Kaliaguine Serge , Ruiz Edu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study addresses the global issue of recycling vehicle rubbish tires by a vacuum pyrolysis process, exploring a novel environmentally responsive approach for thermal decomposition and recovery of the carbon black particles contained in tires (25–30 wt%). Carbon black is typically used for its UV protection in plastics and abrasion resistance in composites and rubbers. This research aims at providing an eco‐responsible alternative to commercial carbon black of fossil origin by recycling the carbon black (rCB) from end‐of‐life tires. A particle reinforced composite material was developed containing rCB and high‐density polyethylene. For comparison purposes, an identical composite was manufactured using commercial carbon black (CB). Accelerated aging studies have been carried out on the materials. Topographic evolution of the samples with aging and oxidation kinetic of the surface and through the thickness were studied. Multiscale mechanical properties have been evaluated for a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms involved in the degradation. A comparison of the different materials properties was carried out in order to highlight the various elements linked to the degradation and UV protection of materials. This work helps demonstrating the feasibility of using recycled carbon black particles from waste tires as a high‐performance filler for plastics and composites.Highlights
Recycled carbon black (rCB) is an eco approach of revalorizing tire waste.
Vacuum pyrolysis successfully allows recovery of reusable rCB.
The rCB acts as a photon absorber, limiting degradation of HDPE.
The rCB limits the cross‐linking responsible of embrittlement of HDPE.
A critical carbonyl index of 20 marks the occurrence of cracks and degradation.
Enhancing mechanical property, thermal conductivity, and radiation stability of fluorine rubber through incorporation of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets
Authors: Wu Zhihao , Shen Hang , Wang Yi , Jiao Limin , Chen Yizhi , Gong Xinglong , Lin Mingzhang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFluorine rubber (FKM) stands as a pivotal sealing material extensively employed in aerospace and nuclear industries. However, its efficacy will be seriously affected by ionizing radiation. Enhancing its radiation resistance becomes imperative to uphold the stability and safety of associated equipment. This study introduced hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) into the FKM as radioprotective fillers through mechanical blending. The interfacial interaction between matrix and h‐BN, the mechanical performances, thermal properties, and radiation stability of composites were systematically examined. Noteworthy findings highlight the presence of robust interaction forces between h‐BN and the matrix, leading to increased crosslink density and improved mechanical properties. The tensile strength of composite with 10 phr fillers (BN/FKM‐10) increased by 30% compared to that of pure FKM. Simultaneously, the introduction of h‐BN greatly enhanced thermal conductivity and radiation stability. The absorbed dose required to achieve a 50% reduction in elongation at break of BN/FKM‐10 surpassed that of FKM by 1.69 times. These results underscore the potential of incorporating h‐BN to simultaneously enhance the mechanical performance, thermal property, and radiation resistance of fluorine rubber.Highlights
The chemical interaction force between h‐BN and FKM was confirmed.
FKM composites tensile strength was enhanced by h‐BN as an additive crosslinker.
The incorporation of h‐BN improves FKM composites thermal conductivity.
The radiation resistance of FKM composites has been improved with h‐BN.
Maternal cell contamination in postnatal umbilical cord blood samples implies a low risk for genetic misdiagnoses
Authors: Smeekens Sanne P. , Leferink Maike. , Yntema Helger G. , Kamsteeg Erik‐Jan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveMaternal cell contamination (MCC) poses a risk for misdiagnosis in prenatal genetic testing, and is examined in accredited diagnostic laboratories However, the awareness of possible MCC in perinatal/postnatal genetic testing, mainly of umbilical cord blood (CB), is lower.MethodWe investigated the rate of MCC in DNA from both umbilical CB samples and umbilical cord samples that were sent to our diagnostic laboratory for diagnostic testing between 1995 and 2021 (n = 236).ResultsMCC was detected in 4% of umbilical CB samples, and in one umbilical cord sample. Particularly tests enriching for a specific variant are very sensitive for low amounts of MCC, as we emphasize here with a false positive diagnosis of myotonic dystrophy type 1 in a newborn.ConclusionsOverall, with appropriate collection and use, umbilical CB and umbilical cord samples are suitable for genetic testing based on the low rates of MCC and misdiagnosis. These findings do however underline the importance of routine MCC testing in umbilical CB samples and umbilical cord samples for both requesting clinicians and diagnostic genetic laboratories.
Pervaporation recovery of aniline using the degradable material poly(butylene adipate‐terephthalate): Experiment and molecular simulation
Authors: Wang Haozhe , Xu Qian , An Xiaowei , Guo Chengliang , Zhang Zhonglin , Hao Xiaogang , Du Xiao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPervaporation has been considered a promising technique in the recovery of organic matter in low concentrations. Developing new and efficient pervaporation membrane materials remains the main challenge. In this study, the biodegradable poly (butylene adipate‐terephthalate) (PBAT) membrane was used to recover aniline by pervaporation for the first time. The PBAT membrane showed a good pervaporation performance due to its unique affinity with aniline by the surface adsorption energy calculations. When the aniline concentration in the feed solution was 0.4 wt%, the separation factor of the PBAT membrane exceeded 80. Besides, the results showed that the flux rose with the aniline concentration increasing, which was because of the incremental free volume of PBAT membrane. Moreover, the H‐bond length between aniline and PBAT (1.947 Å) was shorter than that between water and PBAT (2.091 Å) according to the density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which could account for the low diffusion coefficient of aniline from the result of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In addition, PBAT membranes displayed excellent stability in pervaporation experiments of more than 80 h. It is anticipated that the PBAT membrane may have great potential in pervaporation recovery of valuable chemicals from dilute aqueous solutions.Highlights
Biodegradable PBAT membrane was first used to recover aniline by pervaporation.
Low diffusion coefficient of aniline was further explained combining MD and DFT.
The PBAT membranes exhibited excellent performance for aniline recovery.
Capillary blood self‐collection for high‐throughput proteomics
Authors: El‐Sabawi Bassim , Huang Shi , Tanriverdi Kahraman , Perry Andrew S. , Amancherla Kaushik , Jackson Natalie , Hulsey Jenna , Freedman Jane E. , Shah Ravi , Lindman Brian R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, we sought to compare protein concentrations obtained from a high‐throughput proteomics platform (Olink) on samples collected using capillary blood self‐collection (with the Tasso+ device) versus standard venipuncture (control). Blood collection was performed on 20 volunteers, including one sample obtained via venipuncture and two via capillary blood using the Tasso+ device. Tasso+ samples were stored at 2°C–8°C for 24‐hs (Tasso‐24) or 48‐h (Tasso‐48) prior to processing to simulate shipping times from a study participant's home. Proteomics were analyzed using Olink (384 Inflammatory Panel). Tasso+ blood collection was successful in 37/40 attempts. Of 230 proteins included in our analysis, Pearson correlations (r) and mean coefficient of variation (CV) between Tasso‐24 or Tasso‐48 versus venipuncture were variable. In the Tasso‐24 analysis, 34 proteins (14.8%) had both a correlation r > 0.5 and CV < 0.20. In the Tasso‐48 analysis, 68 proteins (29.6%) had a correlation r > 0.5 and CV < 0.20. Combining the Tasso‐24 and Tasso‐48 analyses, 26 (11.3%) proteins met these thresholds. We concluded that protein concentrations from Tasso+ samples processed 24–48 h after collection demonstrated wide technical variability and variable correlation with a venipuncture gold‐standard. Use of home capillary blood self‐collection for large‐scale proteomics should be limited to select proteins with good agreement with venipuncture.