bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sociodemographic correlates of obesity among Ghanaian women
Authors: Dake Fidelia AA , Tawiah Emmanuel O , Badasu Delali M 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the sociodemographic correlates of obesity among Ghanaian women.DesignThe 2003 and 2008 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey data sets were used to examine the sociodemographic characteristics and the BMI of women aged 15–49 years using descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate analyses.SettingGhana is a West African country which is divided into ten administrative regions. The country is further divided into the northern and southern sectors. The northern sector includes the three northern regions (Northern, Upper East and Upper Westen regions) and the seven remaining regions form the southern sector.SubjectsWomen aged 15–49 years whose BMI values were available.ResultsThe overall prevalence of obesity and overweight increased from 25·5 % in 2003 to 30·5 % in 2008. Obesity varied directly with age from 20 to 44 years. Women with higher education had the highest rate of obesity. Obesity was more common among women from wealthy households compared to women from poor households.ConclusionsObesity and overweight were found to be more common among older women, urban women, married women, women with higher education and women from rich households. Adoption of healthy lifestyles and the implementation of policies that promote healthy living can help reduce the prevalence of overweight and obesity.
Political Science in Japan: Looking Back and Forward
Authors: INOGUCHI TAKASHI 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe aim of the article is to review Japanese Political Studies in Japan (JPSJ) circa 2000 for the purpose of identifying the trends of JPSJ and gauging its scope, subject areas, and methods. I then identify the key questions asked in JPSJ, i.e. for the third quarter of the last century: (1) What went wrong for Japan in the 1930s and 1940s, which had been seemingly making progress in the scheme of ‘enlightenment and entrepreneurship’ and was ‘a rich country’ with a ‘strong army’? (2) What is the secret of Western democracy in excelling itself in terms of keeping freedom and accumulating wealth? For the last quarter of the last century: (1) Why is Japanese politics shaped so heavily by bureaucracy? (2) Why are its citizens so weakly partisan in their voting choice? (3) How are politics and economics intertwined in policy making and electoral behavior? Following these trends in JPSJ in the latter half of the last century, I identify the three trends that have emerged in the first quarter of this century: (1) historicizing the normative and institutional origins of Japanese politics, (2) putting Japanese politics in comparative perspective, (3) the new self-conscious impetus for data collection and theory construction. Despite the steady tide of globalization and the strong influence of American political science, market size, long tradition, and language facility, lead political scientists in Japan to think and write more autonomously.
The Evolution of Japanese Studies of International Relations
Authors: MURATA KOJI 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis paper aims to examine the evolution of Japanese studies of international relations since the end of World War II. In so doing, in particular, this paper first looks at the dominant trends and characteristics of Japanese scholarship in this field, and, second, the correlations between the scholarship and Japan's experiences in real international relations. In discussing the evolution of Japanese studies of international relations, I shall divide the years since 1945 into three separate periods: (1) 1945–60, (2) 1961–89, and (3) 1990 and after. Then, taking the current US–Japan relationship as a case study, I will examine the contemporary characteristics of Japanese scholarship in this field.
Sixty Years of PRC Research on Sino-Japanese Relations (1949–2009)
Authors: JIANGYONG LIU 
Published: October 2010

AbstractResearch on Sino-Japanese Relations is an important part of the field of Japanese Studies in China. This article offers an overview of research on Sino-Japanese relations over 60 years of PRC history. It focuses on research since the end of the Cold War, and especially on progress in the field since the beginning of the twenty-first century. On the basis of this overview, the author discusses gaps in the literature and directions for future research. The author would also like to express in advance his regret that due to limited space it is not possible to mention every piece of important scholarship in the field.
Active integrity constraints and revision programming
Authors: CAROPRESE LUCIANO , TRUSZCZYŃSKI MIROSŁAW 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe study active integrity constraints and revision programming, two formalisms designed to describe integrity constraints on databases and to specify policies on preferred ways to enforce them. Unlike other more commonly accepted approaches, these two formalisms attempt to provide a declarative solution to the problem. However, the original semantics of founded repairs for active integrity constraints and justified revisions for revision programs differ. Our main goal is to establish a comprehensive framework of semantics for active integrity constraints, to find a parallel framework for revision programs, and to relate the two. By doing so, we demonstrate that the two formalisms proposed independently of each other and based on different intuitions when viewed within a broader semantic framework turn out to be notational variants of each other. That lends support to the adequacy of the semantics we develop for each of the formalisms as the foundation for a declarative approach to the problem of database update and repair. In the paper, we also study computational properties of the semantics we consider and establish results concerned with the concept of the minimality of change and the invariance under the shifting transformation.
Molecular epidemiology of invasive stomatitis due to Aspergillus flavus in patients with acute leukemia
Authors: Myoken Yoshinari , Sugata Tatsumi , Fujita Yoshinori , Kyo Tai‐ichi , Fujihara Megumu , Kohara Tadahiro , Katsu Masakazu , Mikami Yuzuru 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground:  Invasive oral aspergillosis is a rare complication and only little information on the epidemiology of Aspergillus flavus infection is available. We present here the molecular analysis of the epidemiology of invasive stomatitis due to Aspergillus flavus in patients with acute leukemia.Methods:  During a 5‐year period (1992–1996), six isolates of A. flavus were obtained from leukemic patients with invasive Aspergillus stomatitis. Random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) with three different PCR primers was carried out to investigate the DNA typing of the isolates.Results:  The molecular analysis using RAPD revealed that three isolates of A. flavus obtained in 1992 from three patients were of the same type, whereas each of the isolates from the other three patients had a distinct unique band, resulting in four groups of A. flavus.Conclusion:  As the three patients with invasive oral aspergillosis detected in 1992 were infected by a single strain of A. flavus, the strain was suspected to have caused a nosocomial outbreak of invasive oral aspergillosis in the hematology unit.
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate phosphodiesterase activity in human gingival carcinoma
Authors: Spoto Giuseppe , Fioroni Massimiliano , Rubini Corrado , Contento Alessandro , Di Nicola Maurizio , Forcella Sabrina , Piattelli Adriano 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground: Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is an essential second messenger metabolized by phosphodiesterases (PDEs).Objectives: We looked for a possible correlation of PDE activities in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with and without lymph node metastases.Materials and methods: The analysis of phosphodiesterase activity and the cGMP assay were done by reverse‐phase HPLC on samples of fresh or frozen gingival tissues. Analysis of cGMP was confirmed with the enzyme‐linked immunoabsorption assay.Results and conclusions: cGMP PDE activity was 34.92 ± 7.17 SD, 12.89 ± 4.43 SD, and 35.88 ± 8.76 SD (nmols/mg of protein), respectively, in controls, samples without lymph node involvement (N−), and specimens with lymph node metastases (N+). cGMP values were 1.97 ± 0.63 SD, 3.30 ± 1.47 SD, and 3.49 ± 1.47 SD (nmols/mg of protein). Our data support the hypothesis of a role for cGMP and PDE in the progression of OSCC.
Detection of HHV‐8 sequences and antigens in a MALT lymphoma associated with Sjögren's syndrome
Authors: Klussmann Jens Peter , Wagner Mathias , Guntinas‐Lichius Orlando , Müller Andreas 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe describe the case of a bilateral parotid mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma associated with 2 years history of Sjögren's syndrome (SS), which was linked to human herpes virus 8 (HHV‐8) infection. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay HHV‐8 sequences were detectable in the lymphoma tissue of both sides. Serologic testing of the patient revealed HHV‐8 antibodies in enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Immunohistologic staining with two antibodies against open reading frame (ORF) 26 and v‐cyclin homologues of HHV‐8 revealed positive staining of the salivary acinic cells whereas the lymphoma cells were negative. The potential influence of HHV‐8 infection for MALT lymphoma development in this case and possible parallels to gastric MALT lymphoma are discussed.
Ganglion cyst of the temporomandibular joint
Authors: Kim Seong‐Gon , Cho Byoung‐Ouck , Lee Yong‐Chan , Hong Sam‐Pyo , Chae Chang‐Hoon 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe report a case of cystic lesion in a 37‐year‐old woman. The patient had an oval‐shaped lesion adjacent to the temporomandibular joint. Thick fibrotic tissue and muscle were observed microscopically, but the epithelium lining was not observed. The lesion was diagnosed as a ganglion cyst. The patient's general medical history was non‐contributory. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrophotometry (MS) revealed some proteins from the fluid in the lesion, such as a filaggrin precursor, dystroglycan, a polyprotein of the hepatitis C virus, and proteins originating from bacteria. The follow‐up examinations revealed no recurrence. The probable pathogenesis of the lesion is discussed.
Phagocytic functions of salivary neutrophils in oral mucous membrane diseases
Authors: Lukač J. , Mravak‐Stipetić M. , Knežević M. , Vrček J. , Sistig S. , Ledinsky M. , Kusić Z. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground and purpose:  Phagocytic functions of salivary polymorphonuclear neutrophils (sPMNs) have not been comprehensively studied in patients with oral mucous membrane diseases, although available data suggest the role of immunity in their pathogenesis.Subjects and methods:  Phagocytic functions of sPMN were determined in 15 patients with acute recurrent aphthous ulceration (RAU), 11 patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and 20 healthy volunteers. In healthy subjects, the same parameters were also determined in peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophils (bPMNs). Phagocytic activity (proportion of ingesting cells, PA), ingestion ability (number of ingested targets per 100 phagocytes, IA) and intracellular microbicidity (proportion of killed targets, IM) of PMNs separated from peripheral blood and the whole unstimulated saliva were determined by acridine orange method with living yeast cells as targets.Results:  Salivary PMNs in healthy individuals showed significant reduction in PA (33% vs. 76%; P < 0.009) and IA (0.47% vs. 2.93%; P < 0.009) and significant increase in IM (12.0% vs. 5.5%; P = 0.011) in comparison with bPMNs. In RAU patients, reduced PA (27% vs. 37%; P = 0.035) and IA (0.25% vs. 0.47%; P = 0.05) were detected, while in OLP patients enhanced IM was detected (12% vs. 19%; P = 0.033) in comparison with healthy controls.Conclusion:  Salivary PMNs present functional features distinct from those in peripheral blood. Some phagocytic functions of sPMNs are reduced in RAU and enhanced in OLP, indicating their role in pathogenesis or reflecting clinical changes in these conditions.
Cyclin D1 genotype in areca‐associated oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wong Yong‐Kie , Lin Shu‐Chun , Chang Che‐Shoa , Tseng Yu‐Hsin , Liu Chung‐Ji , Lin Huey‐Ching , Chang Kuo‐Wei 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground:  Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy in areca‐chewing regions, accounting for up to 50% of malignant tumors in some South Asian countries. Amplification and/or over‐expression of cyclin D1 (CCND1) is a frequent event in human malignancies, including OSCC. CCND1 G870A polymorphism (codon 242) gives rise to two isoforms of the protein. The objective of the present study was to evaluate if the risk, onset, and prognosis of areca‐associated OSCC is related to CCND1 genotypes.Methods:  We analyzed the CCND1 genotype in 70 OSCC cases and 93 control Taiwanese using single‐strand conformation polymorphism techniques.Results:  Statistical analysis showed that CCND1 genotype had no impact on the risk, onset, or survival of areca‐associated OSCC. However, buccal squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) appeared to be less frequently associated with AA genotype than non‐BSCC (P = 0.02). In addition, amplification of CCND1 was significantly more prevalent in OSCC cases (22%) than in control subjects (2%, P < 0.01).Conclusion:  This study demonstrates that the CCND1 genotype may confer different risks for BSCC and non‐BSCC.
Accumulation of oligoclonal T cells in the infiltrating lymphocytes in oral lichen planus
Authors: Kawamura E. , Nakamura S. , Sasaki M. , Ohyama Y. , Kadena T. , Kumamaru W. , Shirasuna K. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground:  Identification of a disease‐specific and possibly pathogenic T‐cell receptor (TCR) in oral lichen planus (OLP) is one of the most important steps to reveal the pathogenic antigen recognized by the T cells and thereby elucidate the pathogenesis and etiology of OLP.Methods:  In buccal mucosa biopsy specimens and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from seven patients with OLP, the TCR Vβ gene usage was examined by polymerase chain reaction‐based and single‐strand conformation polymorphism analyses.Results:  The Vβ families expressed in the biopsy specimens were markedly heterogeneous, but they were restricted in comparison to those observed in the PBMC. The Vβ families predominantly expressed in the biopsy specimens in comparison with the PBMC were still heterogeneous in individual patients and differed from patient to patient; however, Vβ2, Vβ6, and Vβ19 were commonly predominant in the biopsy specimens from more than half of the patients. Among the Vβ families predominantly expressed in the biopsy specimens, the accumulation of T‐cell clonotypes was observed in the majority of the Vβ families including Vβ6 and Vβ19; however, it was not observed in the minority of the Vβ families including Vβ2.Conclusions:  These results suggest that unique T‐cell populations bearing Vβ2, Vβ6, or Vβ19 gene products tend to expand in OLP lesions as a consequence of in situ stimulation with a restricted epitope of either a nominal antigen on the MHC molecule for the majority of the Vβ families, even if only in minor populations, or of a common superantigen for the minority of the Vβ families.
Publishing Interactive Articles: Integrating Journals And Biological Databases
Authors: Cherry Mike , Faelten Sharon , Gelbart William , Skrzypek Marek , Chan Juancarlos , Marygold Steven , Haenel Stephen , Yook Karen , Rangarajan Arun , Muller Hans-Michael , Sternberg Paul , DePellegrin-Connelly Tracey , Otis Lolly , Schedl Tim 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn collaboration with the journal GENETICS, we've developed and launched a pipeline by which interactive full-text HTML/PDF journal articles are published with named entities linked to corresponding resource pages in "WormBase":http://www.wormbase.org/ (WB). Our interactive articles allow a reader to click on over ten different data type objects (gene, protein, transgene, etc.) and be directed to the relevant webpage. This seamless connection from the article to summaries of data types promotes a deeper level of understanding for the naïve reader, and incisive evaluation for the sophisticated reader. Further, this collaboration allows us to identify and collect information before the publication of the article. The pipeline uses automated recognition scripts to identify entities that already exist in the database and a self-reporting form we created at WB that is sent to the author by GENETICS for submitting entities that do not already exist in our database. We include a manual quality control step to make sure ambiguous links are corrected, and that all new entities have been reported and linked properly. The automated entity recognition scripts allows us to potentially link any object found in a database as well as to expand this pipeline to other databases. We have already adapted this pipeline for linking Saccharomyces cerevisiae GENETICS articles to the "Saccharomyces Genome Database":http://www.yeastgenome.org/ (SGD) and are currently expanding this pipeline for linking genes in Drosophila articles to "FlyBase":http://flybase.org/. By integrating journals and databases, we are integrating the major modes of communication in the biological sciences, which will undoubtedly increase the pace of discovery.
ABO blood group antigens in oral mucosa. What is new?
Authors: Dabelsteen Erik 
Published: October 2010

AbstractHisto‐blood group ABH (O) antigens are major alloantigens in humans. These antigens are widely distributed in human tissues and undergo changes in expression during cellular differentiation and malignant development. The ABH antigens have been characterized as terminal disaccharide determinants which represent secondary gene products. They are synthesized in a stepwise fashion from a precursor by the action of different glycosyltransferases. In non‐keratinized oral mucosa, a sequential elongation of the carbohydrates is associated with differentiation of epithelial cells, resulting in expression of precursors on basal cells and A/B antigens on spinous cells. Reduction or complete deletion of A/B antigen expression in oral carcinomas has been reported, a phenotypic change that is correlated with invasive and metastatic potential of the tumours and with the mortality rates of the patients. Disappearance of the antigens is ascribed to the absence of A or B transferase gene expression. Several studies have shown that loss of A and B antigen expression is associated with increased cell motility, invasion in matrigel, and tumourigenecity in syngenic animals. In vivo studies of human oral wound healing show similarly decreased expression of A/B antigens on migrating epithelial cells. Some studies suggest that the relationship between expression of blood group antigens and cell motility can be explained by different degrees of glycosylation of integrins. Changes in ABO expression in tumours have, in some cases, been due to the A/B gene promoter, although little is known about the regulation of A, and B expression, in normal tissue.
Cytokeratin expression patterns in jaw cyst linings with metaplastic epithelium
Authors: Lu Da‐Peng , Tatemoto Yukihiro , Yokoyama Takeshi , Kimura Tsuyoshi , Osaki Tokio 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground: Cytokeratin (CK) expression patterns have been studied in numerous intact and diseased oral tissues. However, CK expression in metaplastic squamous cells has not been explored in depth and the origin of metaplastic epithelial linings of the jaw cysts has not been sufficiently investigated.Methods: We examined CK expression in 46 postoperative maxillary cysts (POMCs) which were lined with pseudostratified columnar cells only, columnar and squamous cells, and squamous cells only, in 13, 30 and 3 cases, respectively.Results: The expression of CK8, CK13 and CK18 were observed in 39, 9 and all 43 of the columnar epithelial linings, respectively. Metaplastic squamous epithelia expressed more CK13, and less CK18 and CK8. Of the 33 metaplastic linings, 24 expressed CK8, 23 CK13 and 26 linings expressed CK18. The patterns of expression of CK13 and CK18 observedwere CK18(+)–CK13(−) in 10 metaplastic linings, CK18(+)–CK13(+) in 16, and CK18(−)–CK13(+) in 7. The expression of CK13‐ and CK18‐mRNA was generally correlated with level of protein expressed. CK18‐mRNA expression was observed byin situhybridization, not only in the 26 metaplastic linings which were positive for CK18 protein, but also in five of the seven metaplastic linings which did not express CK18 protein. In addition, RT‐PCR revealed an expression of CK18‐mRNA in all metaplastic squamous linings, although the expression level was weaker than that in the columnar epithelial linings. The CK13‐mRNA was expressed inversely to the CK18‐mRNA.Conclusions: These results indicate that CK18‐mRNA is preserved through metaplasia, although the protein expression decreased. Metaplastic squamous cells differentiate with a decrease of CK18 and an increase of CK13 expression.
The mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in DMBA‐induced hamster buccal‐pouch carcinomas using reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Chen Yuk‐Kwan , Hsue Shui‐Sang , Lin Li‐Min 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground:  Three isoforms of NO synthase (NOS) have been identified: endothelial NOS, neuronal NOS, and inducible NOS (iNOS). The enhanced expression of iNOS, at the protein level, has been reported previously in certain chemically induced oral carcinomas in hamster buccal‐pouch mucosa, however, the corresponding expression of iNOS, at the mRNA level, has not yet been demonstrated. The purpose of the present study is to assess the iNOS mRNA expression level in 7,12‐dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)‐induced hamster buccal‐pouch carcinomas using a reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR).Methods:  Thirty‐three outbred, young (six‐weeks old), male, Syrian golden hamsters (Mesocricatus auratus) were randomly divided into one experimental group (13 animals) and two control groups (10 animals each). The pouches of a group of 13 animals of the experimental group were bilaterally painted with a 0.5% DMBA solution three times a week for 12 weeks. Each animal of one control group was similarly treated with mineral oil only, while the other control group of 10 animals remained untreated throughout the experiment.Results:  Areas of dysplasia and squamous‐cell carcinomas, with a 100% tumor incidence, developed for all of the DMBA‐treated buccal pouches. The mineral oil‐treated and untreated pouches had no obvious changes. A band of 499‐bp, corresponding to iNOS mRNA, was present in all the DMBA‐treated hamster buccal‐pouch mucosa animals, but not in the untreated animals or the animals treated with mineral oil. Upon direct sequencing, this 499‐bp band was confirmed to be part of the iNOS gene.Conclusions:  This study demonstrated that increased iNOS mRNA expression could contribute to the mechanism for experimentally induced oral carcinogenesis.