bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opportunities and challenges of integrating artificial intelligence in China's elderly care services
Authors: Zhao Yongyan , Li Jian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe challenge of elderly care presents a formidable task, demanding the collective attention of governmental bodies and diverse sectors of society. The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into the research and development of Social Elderly Care Service (ECS) has emerged as a dominant trend, holding substantial importance in the establishment of an efficient ECS system. This study aims to serve as a comprehensive reference for the advancement of China's ECS system, achieved through the harmonious integration of a social ECS system with AI capabilities. This paper introduces the fundamental theory of AI, delving into the intricacies of the greyscale model of AI. Furthermore, it provides an overview of the current landscape of elderly care and elder care institutions, offering scientific data and insights to propel further research on AI development and system construction. Through an analysis of the existing research status, the study identifies prevalent issues within the AI-ECS integration, emphasizing pivotal factors influencing the construction of a robust social ECS system. To address these concerns, the study puts forth specific and viable policy recommendations. Notably, the questionnaire's statistics underscore that 83% of the elderly populace would opt for AI-driven solutions in selecting intelligent products, thereby underscoring the pivotal role of AI within the social ECS system. The challenges facing elderly care systems, including demographic shifts, resource constraints, and evolving societal norms, demand innovative solutions for providing efficient and effective care. This study addresses these challenges by exploring the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into Social Elderly Care Services (ECS) in China. By delving into the theory of AI and assessing the existing research status, the study identifies key issues in AI-ECS integration and proposes viable policy recommendations. Insights from stakeholder surveys further highlight the importance of AI-driven solutions in meeting the needs of the elderly population.
A viral assembly inhibitor blocks SARS-CoV-2 replication in airway epithelial cells
Authors: Du Li , Deiter Fred , Bouzidi Mohamed S. , Billaud Jean-Noël , Simmons Graham , Dabral Prerna , Selvarajah Suganya , Lingappa Anuradha F. , Michon Maya , Yu Shao Feng , Paulvannan Kumar , Manicassamy Balaji , Lingappa Vishwanath R. , Boushey Homer , Greenland John R. , Pillai Satish K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe ongoing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 to evade vaccines and therapeutics underlines the need for innovative therapies with high genetic barriers to resistance. Therefore, there is pronounced interest in identifying new pharmacological targets in the SARS-CoV-2 viral life cycle. The small molecule PAV-104, identified through a cell-free protein synthesis and assembly screen, was recently shown to target host protein assembly machinery in a manner specific to viral assembly. In this study, we investigate the capacity of PAV-104 to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in human airway epithelial cells (AECs). We show that PAV-104 inhibits >99% of infection with diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants in immortalized AECs, and in primary human AECs cultured at the air-liquid interface (ALI) to represent the lung microenvironment in vivo. Our data demonstrate that PAV-104 inhibits SARS-CoV-2 production without affecting viral entry, mRNA transcription, or protein synthesis. PAV-104 interacts with SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) and interferes with its oligomerization, blocking particle assembly. Transcriptomic analysis reveals that PAV-104 reverses SARS-CoV-2 induction of the type-I interferon response and the maturation of nucleoprotein signaling pathway known to support coronavirus replication. Our findings suggest that PAV-104 is a promising therapeutic candidate for COVID-19 with a mechanism of action that is distinct from existing clinical management approaches.
SUCLG1 restricts POLRMT succinylation to enhance mitochondrial biogenesis and leukemia progression
Authors: Yan Weiwei , Xie Chengmei , Sun Sijun , Zheng Quan , Wang Jingyi , Wang Zihao , Man Cheuk-Him , Wang Haiyan , Yang Yunfan , Wang Tianshi , Shi Leilei , Zhang Shengjie , Huang Chen , Xu Shuangnian , Wang Yi-Ping 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMitochondria are cellular powerhouses that generate energy through the electron transport chain (ETC). The mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) encodes essential ETC proteins in a compartmentalized manner, however, the mechanism underlying metabolic regulation of mtDNA function remains unknown. Here, we report that expression of tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme succinate-CoA ligase SUCLG1 strongly correlates with ETC genes across various TCGA cancer transcriptomes. Mechanistically, SUCLG1 restricts succinyl-CoA levels to suppress the succinylation of mitochondrial RNA polymerase (POLRMT). Lysine 622 succinylation disrupts the interaction of POLRMT with mtDNA and mitochondrial transcription factors. SUCLG1-mediated POLRMT hyposuccinylation maintains mtDNA transcription, mitochondrial biogenesis, and leukemia cell proliferation. Specifically, leukemia-promoting FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutations modulate nuclear transcription and upregulate SUCLG1 expression to reduce succinyl-CoA and POLRMT succinylation, resulting in enhanced mitobiogenesis. In line, genetic depletion of POLRMT or SUCLG1 significantly delays disease progression in mouse and humanized leukemia models. Importantly, succinyl-CoA level and POLRMT succinylation are downregulated in FLT3-mutated clinical leukemia samples, linking enhanced mitobiogenesis to cancer progression. Together, SUCLG1 connects succinyl-CoA with POLRMT succinylation to modulate mitochondrial function and cancer development.
Viewpoint on the Benefit of Hearing Care on Cognitive Health
Authors: Stropahl Maren , Scherpiet Sigrid , Launer Stefan 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of this article is to provide a viewpoint on the recently published results showing the positive effect hearing intervention can have on mitigating the risk of cognitive decline in elderly individuals with hearing impairment. We intend to trigger a broader discussion on the implications of these results from an implementation science perspective.

Methods:
Recently published results were reviewed and contextualized.

Results:
In our view, these recent findings provide a great opportunity for hearing care professionals to change the perspective on hearing care being an essential service that contributes not only to managing challenges with audibility but to enabling healthy living and aging.

Conclusion:
As exciting as these findings are, from our perspective, they are also a call to action for the audiology field in terms of clinical implementation science. The findings guide us toward a more interprofessional approach in order to develop and test new, more holistic models of hearing care.
Inferential Comprehension Abilities in French-Speaking Preschoolers Exposed to Neglect in the Early Longitudinal Language and Neglect Study
Authors: Filiatrault-Veilleux Pamela , Desmarais Chantal , Bouchard Caroline , Esau Breanne , Sylvestre Audette 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
Using a longitudinal design, this study aimed to describe inferential comprehension abilities of neglected French-speaking preschool children from 42 to 66 months of age in comparison to non-neglected peers, to examine the association with receptive vocabulary, and to determine whether rates of change in inferential abilities over time was stable between the two group conditions.

Method:

An inferential comprehension task and the French version of the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test–Fourth Edition were administered to a group of neglected children (
n
= 37–40) and to a group of same-age non-neglected children (
n
= 71–91) at 42, 54, and 66 months old, as part of the Early Longitudinal Language and Neglect study.

Results:

Results show that children exposed to neglect obtain significantly lower scores compared to their same-age peers on inferential comprehension and receptive vocabulary measures at all three time points (
p
< .001) with large to very large effect sizes and indicate moderate to strong correlations between the two variables. Children from the neglected group present difficulties in inferencing compared to same-age non-neglected peers, a disadvantage that remains stable over time.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates the significant gap in inferential comprehension abilities between neglected and non-neglected preschool children. These results reiterate the importance of early detection of language comprehension difficulties in young children coming from vulnerable environments.
DQN based coverage control for multi‐agent system in line intersection region
Authors: Lei Zuo , Tengfei Zhang , Jinqi Zhang , Maode Yan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGenerally, the coverage control is studied in a convex region, in which the agent kinematics and the coverage environment both have strong limitations. It is difficult to directly apply these results to practical scenarios, such as the road environment or indoor environment. In this study, the multi‐agent coverage control problems in a line intersection region is investigated, where the agents can only move along the given lines. To present the agents motion in this line intersection region, the moving directions and velocities of the agents are analyzed in the first part. Then, the coverage control model for the multi‐agent system in line intersection region is presented, in which the cost function is provided based on the agent's minimum moving distance and the agent motions are used as the constraints. To solve this constrained coverage problem, the deep Q‐learning network (DQN) is employed to find the optimal positions for each agent in the line intersection region. In final, numerical simulations are presented to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of proposed approaches.
Exploring the dependence of chemical traits on metallicity
Authors: Vitali S. , Slumstrup D. , Jofré P. , Casamiquela L. , Korhonen H. , Blanco-Cuaresma S. , Winther M. L. , Aguirre Børsen-Koch V. 
Published: April 2024

Context. Given the massive spectroscopic surveys and the Gaia mission, the Milky Way has turned into a unique laboratory to be explored using abundance ratios that show a strong dependence on time. Within this framework, the data provided through asteroseismology serve as a valuable complement. Even so, it has been demonstrated that chemical traits cannot be used as universal relations across the Galaxy.
Aims. To complete this picture, it is important to investigate the dependence on metallicity of the chemical ratios employed for inferring stellar ages. We aim to explore different combinations of neutron-capture, odd-Z, and α elements as a function of age, particularly focusing on their metallicity dependence for a sample of 74 giant field stars.
Methods. Using UVES observations, we derived atmospheric parameters and high-precision line-by-line chemical abundances (< 0.04 dex) for the entire set of spectra, which covers a wide spread in ages (up to 14 Gyr) and metallicities (−0.7 < [Fe/H] < +0.1). Stellar ages are inferred from astereoseismic information.
Results. By fitting chemical-age trends for three different metallicity groups, we estimated their dependence on metallicity. Simultaneously, we identified those exhibiting stronger correlations with time. We found that the stronger chemical-age relations ([Zr/α]) are not necessarily the ratios with the smaller dependence on metallicity ([Ce/α] and [Ce/Eu]).
Conclusions. We confirm the [n-capture/α]-age trends for evolved stars, wherein the most significant correlation is evident in stars with solar metallicity, gradually diminishing in stars with lower iron content. The lack of homogeneity within the metallicity range highlights the intricate nature of our Galaxy’s star formation history and yield production. The dependence on metallicity of the yields involving s-process elements and the influence of radial stellar migration pose challenges to relying solely on chemical abundances for dating stars. These findings contest the feasibility of establishing universally applicable chemical clocks that are valid across the entire Galaxy and across various metallicity ranges.
Structure formation with primordial black holes to alleviate early star formation tension revealed by JWST
Authors: Colazo P. E. , Stasyszyn F. , Padilla N. 
Published: April 2024

Context. This Letter explores the potential role of primordial black holes (PBHs) to address cosmological tensions as the presence of more massive than expected galaxies at high redshifts, as indicated by recent James Webb Space Telescope observations.
Aims. Motivated by inflation models that enhance the power at scales beyond the observable range that produce PBHs with Schechter-like mass functions, we aim to explain the excess of high redshift galaxies via a modification of the Λ cold dark matter power spectrum that consists in adding (i) a blue spectral index nb at kpiv = 10/Mpc and (ii) Poisson and isocurvature contributions from massive PBHs that only make up 0.5% of the dark matter.
Methods. We simulated these models using the SWIFT code and find an increased abundance of high redshift galaxies in simulations that include PBHs. We compared these models to estimates from James Webb Space Telescope observations.
Results. Unlike the Λ cold dark matter model, the inclusion of PBHs allowed us to reproduce the observations with reasonable values for the star formation efficiency. Furthermore, the power spectra we adopted potentially produce PBHs that can serve as seeds for supermassive black holes with masses 7.57 × 104 M⊙.
Erfassung der Partnerschaftszufriedenheit mit vier Items?
Psychometrische Evaluation der deutschen Version einer Kurzform der Dyadic
Adjustment Scale (DAS-4)
Authors: Lübke Laura , Flemming Eva , Müller Sascha , Brähler Elmar , Fegert Jörg M. , Spitzer Carsten 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Qualität der Paarbeziehung eines Menschen spielt eine zentrale Rolle für das
individuelle Wohlbefinden sowie die seelische und körperliche Gesundheit. Trotz
ihrer großen Bedeutung gibt es nur wenige ultrakurze, d. h.
anwendungsökonomische Selbstbeurteilungsverfahren. Die aus vier Items bestehende
Kurzversion der Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS-4) stellt eine Ausnahme dar, die
sich international zunehmender Beliebtheit erfreut. In dieser Studie wurde die
deutsche Version der DAS-4 erstmalig an einer Stichprobe von Personen aus der
Allgemeinbevölkerung, welche sich in einer festen Partnerschaft befinden
(N=1296), im Hinblick auf ihre psychometrischen Eigenschaften überprüft. Neben
befriedigenden teststatistischen Itemkennwerten wies das eindimensionale
konfirmatorische Messmodell eine ausreichende Anpassungsgüte auf und die interne
Konsistenz lag im zufriedenstellenden Bereich (ω=0,80). Es zeigte sich, dass
Messinvarianz für Männer und Frauen basierend auf dem latenten Konstrukt der
DAS-4 angenommen werden kann. Hypothesenkonform fanden sich Assoziationen der
DAS-4 mit dem Geschlecht, der allgemeinen Lebenszufriedenheit, Psychopathologie
und Bindungsstilen, was auf eine angemessene Konstruktvalidität schließen lässt.
Trotz ausstehender Anwendungserfahrungen und psychometrischer Analysen der DAS-4
bei relevanten Zielgruppen wie Probanden und Probandinnen in Paarberatung bzw.
-therapie, kann das mit vier Items sehr anwendungsökonomische Verfahren zur
orientierenden Erfassung der Partnerschaftszufriedenheit empfohlen werden.
Die Etablierung des Wahlfachs „Öffentliches Gesundheitswesen“ im
Praktischen Jahr für Medizinstudierende der Universitätsmedizin Göttingen –
Ergebnisse aus dem UNITE-Projekt
Authors: Demmer Iris , Espe Lia , Biermann Sina , Hummers Eva , Mayr Eckart , Puls Angelika 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Internationale und nationale Rahmenwerke und Initiativen
fordern die Stärkung der Ausbildung von Gesundheitsprofessionen im Öffentlichen
Gesundheitsdienst (ÖGD) durch Kooperationen mit Hochschulen. Die Ärztliche
Approbationsordnung (ÄApprO) vom 21.09.2021 sieht für Medizinstudierende in
Deutschland seit dem 1. Mai 2022 eine Integration des ÖGD in die medizinische
Ausbildung im Praktischen Jahr (PJ) vor. Der Projektbericht stellt die
Vorgehensweise und Ergebnisse der Implementierung des PJ-Wahlfaches Öffentliches
Gesundheitswesen (ÖGW) für Medizinstudierende der Universitätsmedizin Göttingen
(UMG) in Kooperation mit dem örtlichen Gesundheitsamt vor.
Methoden In dem zwölfmonatigen Projekt UNITE (07/21-06/22) wurde das
PJ-Wahlfach ÖGW in sieben Schritten etabliert: Analyse der Rahmenbedingungen,
Konzeption des Wahlfaches, Erstellung eines Logbuches, Pilotphase mit fünf
Studierenden in einwöchigen Rotationen, Öffentlichkeitsarbeit für Studierende,
Einführung einer medizindidaktischen Schulung für Mitarbeitende des
Gesundheitsamtes und Umsetzung des Wahlfaches ÖGW mit PJ-Studierenden.
Ergebnisse Ein Kooperationsvertrag für die UMG und das Gesundheitsamt für
Stadt und Landkreis Göttingen regelt die Zusammenarbeit zur Ausbildung
Medizinstudierender im PJ. Die Studierenden absolvieren vierwöchige Rotationen
in die Bereiche Amtsärztlicher Dienst und Bestattungswesen, Kinder- und
Jugendmedizinischer Dienst, Infektionsschutz und Sozialpsychiatrischer Dienst.
Das Logbuch für Studierende enthält Lernziele für die einzelnen Fachdienste zur
Selbsteinschätzung der erlangten Kompetenzen. Die Didaktikschulung wurde mit
hohem Lernerfolg der teilnehmenden Mitarbeitenden umgesetzt. Drei Studierende
haben das PJ-Wahlfach erfolgreich absolviert.
Schlussfolgerungen Die Etablierung des PJ-Wahlfaches ÖGW stärkt die
Verankerung öffentlicher Gesundheitsthemen in der Ausbildung Medizinstudierender
am Standort Göttingen und macht das ÖGW als berufliche Perspektive sichtbarer.
Wesentlich für die erfolgreiche Umsetzung waren der Aufbau einer
kontinuierlichen Kooperation zwischen Universität und Gesundheitsamt, eine
studierendenorientierte Ausrichtung des Lehr- Lernkonzeptes mit einem
standortpassenden Logbuch, ein geschultes multiprofessionelles Team im
Gesundheitsamt und die Evaluation des PJ-Wahlfachs zur Qualitätssicherung und
Weiterentwicklung der PJ-Ausbildung. Das dargelegte Konzept kann andere
Standorten bei der Etablierung des PJs im ÖDG unterstützen und auf spezifische
Vorortbedingungen angepasst werden.
ortho-Halobenzyl Halides as Precursors for the Synthesis of Five- to Nine-Membered Ring Structures Employing Transition Metals as Catalysts
Authors: Aljaar Nayyef , Malakar Chandi C. , Shtaiwi Majed , Ali Basem F. , Al-Refai Mahmoud , Kant Kamal , Bliss Ng Shereinai , Al-Noaimi Mousa , Al-Momani Lo'ay Ahmed 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis review highlights the multifaceted usefulness of o-halobenzyl halides as pivotal substrates for the construction of five- to nine-membered cyclic structures with the aid of transition metals as catalysts. These privileged entities engage dual active sites, enabling the combination of both intermolecular benzylation and intramolecular arylation strategies that directs the formation of a diverse repository of cyclic structures. The introduction of transition-metal catalysis in cross-coupling transformations sparked a revolution in forging aryl–heteroatom bonds, culminating in the evolution of more potent methodologies for the synthesis of a wide spectrum of valuable compounds. Furthermore, the associated pharmaceutical and biological attributes of these cyclic structures augment their significance in medicinal chemistry research. This review aims to showcase the importance of this synthetic methodology and its far-reaching applications in synthesis.1	Introduction2	Synthesis of Five-Membered Rings3	Synthesis of Six-Membered Rings4	Synthesis of Seven-Membered Rings5	Synthesis of Eight- and Nine-Membered Rings6	Conclusion
A Rare Case of Biliary Atresia with Biliary Ascites on a (Hepatobiliary Iminodiacetic Acid) HIDA Scan
Authors: Loyal Poonamjeet Kaur , Makhdomi Khalid , Gitau Samuel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBiliary atresia is one of the most challenging conditions in pediatric surgery even when it is the only finding. Here we present a rare case of biliary atresia complicated with biliary ascites due to ductal perforation identified on a hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid (HIDA) scan.
Síndrome da dor complexa regional
Authors: Giostri Giana Silveira , Souza Camila Deneka Arantes 
Published: April 2024

ResumoA Síndrome da Dor Complexa Regional é caracterizada por dor regional desproporcional ao evento desencadeante, sem distribuição para dermátomos, com tendência a cronicidade e disfunção. Esta revisão narrativa propõe a atualização de critérios para o diagnóstico e condução da síndrome explicitando dados da epidemiologia, etiologia, fisiopatologia. Baseamo-nos em revisões sistemáticas, narrativas e diretrizes publicadas nos últimos anos, procurando facilitar a suspeição diagnóstica e proporcionando visão ampla de possibilidades terapêuticas.
The extimate essence of speculation
Authors: Vranešević Goran 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe article seeks to delineate the often misunderstood idea of speculation that has conceptually been converted from an epitome of pure thought into an economic category of profitability and self-interest. But to define speculation already means to pose a problem. In Augustine speculation designates the mutual relationship between reflection and the mirrored appearance of God’s gaze. This dictates an unattainable task of catching God’s gaze, which is more inward than my innermost self and which models our thoughts accordingly. Such extimate activity as defined by Lacan is the formal condition for the construction of visibility and is inscribed into contemplation. The article postulates that this fundamental discrepancy was also the foundation upon which Hegel carved a positive determination of thought.
Structural evolution and bonding properties of Nb1–2Gen−/0 (n = 3–7) clusters: Anion photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations
Authors: Lu Sheng-Jie , Gao Zhao-Ou 
Published: April 2024

This study presents a collaborative experimental and theoretical investigation into the structures and electronic properties of niobium-doped germanium clusters. Anion photoelectron spectra for Nb1–2Gen− (n = 3–7) clusters were acquired using 266 nm photon energies, enabling the determination of adiabatic detachment energies and vertical detachment energies. In conjunction with these experimental measurements, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were conducted to validate the experimentally obtained electron detachment energies and elucidate the geometric and electronic structures of each anionic cluster. The agreement between DFT calculations and experimental data establishes a solid foundation for assessing the structural evolution and electronic properties of niobium-doped germanium clusters. It is noted that both neutral and anionic clusters exhibit predominantly similar overall structural characteristics, with the exception of Nb2Ge6− and Nb2Ge6. Furthermore, this investigation emphasizes the exceptional chemical stability of the D3d symmetric chair-shaped structure in Nb2Ge6−, providing insights into its bonding characteristics.