bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sunglasses with wide temples and thick frame severely constrict temporal visual field extent
Authors: DENION E , DUGUE AE , AUGY S , COFFIN‐PICHONNET S , MOURIAUX F 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To compare the impact of two types of sunglasses on visual field and glare: one (“thick sunglasses”) with a thick plastic frame and wide temples, and one (“thin sunglasses”) with a thin metal frame and thin temples.Methods Using the Goldmann perimeter, visual field surfaces (cm2) were calculated as projections on a 30 cm virtual cupola. A V4 test object was used, from seen to unseen, in 15 healthy volunteers in the primary position of gaze (“base visual field”), then allowing eye motion (“eye motion visual field”) without glasses, then with “thin sunglasses”, followed by “thick sunglasses”. Visual field surface area differences superior to the 14% reproducibility error of the method and having a p‐value inferior to 5% were considered significant. A glare test was done using a surgical lighting system pointed at the eye(s) at different incidence angles.Results No significant “base visual field” nor “eye motion visual field” surface area variation were noted comparing tests done without glasses and with the “thin sunglasses”. In contrast, a 22% “eye motion visual field” surface area decrease (p‐value = 2.7.10‐13) was noted comparing tests done without glasses and with “thick sunglasses”. This decrease was most severe in the temporal quadrant (‐33%; p‐value = 6.3.10‐20). All subjects reported less lateral glare with the “thick sunglasses” than with the “thin sunglasses” (p‐value = 6.10‐5).Conclusion The better protection from lateral glare offered by “thick sunglasses” is offset by a severe temporal “eye motion visual field” surface area constriction.
Antitumor evaluation of the new Bcl‐2/Bcl‐xl inhibitor S44563 in primary human uveal melanoma xenografts
Authors: NEMATI F , DE MONTRION C , SASTRE X , KRAUS BERTHIER L , BESNIARD A , DE PLATER L , LOCKHART BP , DESJARDINS L , MARIANI P , PIPERNO‐NEUMANN S , DEPIL S , DECAUDIN D 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Nearly half of primary Uveal melanoma (UM) metastasizes in liver, but there are currently no effective therapies. Human UM are characterized by a high expression of Bcl‐2, ranging between 50% and 100%. This observation has been confirmed in our panel of 16 human UM xenografts obtained from patient’s tumors (Némati et al, CCR 2010). We have investigated the efficacy of the new Bcl‐2/Bcl‐XL inhibitor S44563 on 4 primary human UM xenografts.Methods Four well characterized primary human UM xenografts were used. S44563 (50 or 100 mg/kg, days 1‐5/8‐12/22‐26/29‐33) was administered IP alone or combined with fotemustine, concomitantly (15 or 30 mg/kg days 1 and 22), or after chemotherapy (100 mg/kg, days 43‐47/50‐54/64‐68/71‐75). Tumor Growth Inhibition (TGI) was calculated to measure the efficiency of drugs. Bcl‐2, Bcl‐XL, and Mcl‐1 expressions were determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC).Results S44563 administered alone induced a moderate TGI of about 50% in 1 model (MP41). When combined S44563 to fotemustine, we observed a synergistic activity in 2 models (MP77 and MM66), without impact on the proportion of complete remission. Finally, when S44563 was concomitantly and/or administered after fotemustine, we found a delay of tumor growth in 2 among the 3 tested xenografts (MP77, and MM26). IHC analyses showed that Bcl‐2, Bcl‐XL, and Mcl‐1 expressions were not modified after S44563 administration.Conclusion We have shown that S44563 increased the efficacy of chemotherapy in concomitant combination or after fotemustine. Such preliminary results underline the therapeutic potential of this new Bcl‐2/Bcl‐xl inhibitor in human UM.
Retinoblastoma – risk factors and quality of life
Authors: BOGDANICI T , ROMEEN A , COSTIN D , BOGDANICI C 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Evaluation of influence of medium factors in children with retinoblastoma and quality of life after treatment.Methods Retrospective study for 84 eyes treated for retinoblastoma (Rb) in Ophthalmological Department, Hospital “Prof. Dr. Nicolae Oblu” Iasi. Clinical parameters studied: age of diagnosis, adjuvant factors (hypoxia, pregnancy hemorrhages, congenital rubella, ionizing radiation, endocrinological disease of mother) and hereditary factors. Statistical evaluation: program SPSS 16.0, test Mann‐Whitney, Kruskal‐Wallis were used.Results Between 1953 and 2010 in Ophthalmological Clinic were treated 702 eyes tumors and 77 were diagnosticated with Rb. Unilateral cases were 70 cases and 7 cases bilateral Rb. Hypoxia were at 24,7% Rb versus 4,8% children without Rb (cwRb) – risk factor 2,609. Hemorrhages during pregnancy were 27% in mother with children with Rb versus mothers with cwRb – risk factor 1,735. Mother inflammations were registrated at 39% children with Rb versus 17% cwRb – risk factor 2,025. Congenital rubella was at 15,6% children with Rb versus 5,5% cwRb – risk factor 1,943. Endocrinological diseases of mothers were 26% versus 7,9% ‐ risk factor 2,222. Ionizing radiations were found in 81,8% children with Rb versus cwRb – risk factor 8,312. All cases were treated with radical surgery – enucleation associated with chemotherapy.Conclusion Ionizing radiation is the highest risk factor (Iasi is 500 km near Chernobyl) especially during 1986‐ 1991. The majority of cases were very late diagnosticated and treatment was for all cases enucleation. Quality of life is poor because of radical treatment and esthetic reasons.
Acute dacryoadenitis as atypical presentation in Sjögren Syndrome
Authors: SATUE M , GARCIA‐MARTIN E , BAMBO M , PRIETO E , DE LA MATA G , FERNANDEZ‐PEREZ S 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To present a case report of a patient with acute dacryoadenitis as an atypical clinical presentation of Sjögren Syndrome.Methods A 37‐year‐old female developed acute left dacryoadenitis with poor response to oral corticosteroids. She had no history of any other clinical symptoms. During the following weeks she developed cervical lymphadenopathies, arthralgia and mild asthenia. Complete blood analysis, imaging diagnostic techniques, C‐reactive protein (CRP) and autoimmunity tests showed normal results, but high levels of anti‐Ro antibodies were found, suggesting Sjögren Syndrome (SS) as the etiopathological cause.Results All symptoms and clinical findings improved after successive treatment with intravenous corticosteroids, hydroxychloroquine and azathioprine. At the present moment the patient remains stable using maintenance treatment with immunosuppressive drugs.Conclusion Chronic destruction of the lacrimal gland is the most common cause of dry eye and ocular symptoms in SS. Acute dacryoadinitis is considered an atypical manifestation of this syndrome. Classical systemic corticosteroids treatment for SS usually needs association of immunosuppressive drugs, including biological treatments as a recent new option to control the disease progression and inflammatory activity. Topic cyclosporine and pilocarpine have reported benefits for severe xerophthalmia in recent medical trials.
Ophthalmological symptoms in carotid‐cavernous sinus fistulas
Authors: DO TN , BOIVIN FAURE L , HOUDART E , CHAPOT R , ADENIS JP , ROBERT PY 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose This study was designed to compare ophthalmological symptoms of dural fistulas (DF) and carotid‐cavernous direct fistulas (CCF), before and after endovascular treatment, and to find out risk factors for ophthalmological sequelae.Methods We retrospectively studied 44 patients suffering from cavernous sinus fistulas with ophthalmologic symptoms, held in Lariboisière Hospital in Paris and Dupuytren Hospital in Limoges over 8 years. 24 patients had DF, 20 patients had CCF. 2 patients had spontaneous disappearance of the fistula, and 4 patients after non‐invasive treatment. The remaining 40 patients underwent endovascular treatment, until complete exclusion of the fistula (33 had a single treatment, and 5 had to be retreated)Results The main pre‐treatment symptoms were proptosis (n=38), episcleral venous congestion (n=31), oculomotor palsy (n=28), visual loss (n=20), glaucoma (n=17) and controlateral ocular symptoms (n=11). Thrill and murmur were more frequent in CCF (6 and 12) than in DF (0 and 5) (p<0,05). In patients with DF, the average age was greater (p<0,005) and glaucoma was more frequent (p=0,005). 14 patients had ophthalmological sequelae, oculomotor palsies in most cases (n=8). Ophthalmological sequelae were more frequent in patients with pre‐treatment visual impairement (p<0,05).Conclusion The risk of ophthalmological sequelae was higher in patients with pre‐treatment visual impairment, and lower in patients with complete anatomical cure of the fistula. 68% of patients had no ophthalmological sequelae after endovascular treatment, and 93,2% had no ophthlmological sequelae after specific additional medical treatment.
The human fovea revisited‐a proposed new strategy based on neural connectivity for analysis of retinal images
Authors: SJÖSTRAND J , POPOVIC Z 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To present a model useful for analysis of images of central retina based on functional connectivity between outer retina with its photoreceptors and retinal ganglion cells (RGC) of the inner retina. In addition, to evaluate the nomenclature and to propose clinically relevant definitions of the fovea and surrounding zones based on neural connectivity, function and development.Methods Published measurements of radial displacement of inner retina relative to outer retina were used to determine the area of RGC corresponding to central photoreceptors. A model of central retina with displaced outer and inner retinal zones was constructed based on data from histological reports and data from recent studies with non‐invasive imaging studies, the convention of the ETDRS study, and psychophysical studies.Results A model is presented where functional relationships within the retina are based on neural connectivity, i.e the radial displacement of RGC and synaptically connected cones. The statement by S. Polyak (1941) that "the entire inner foveal excavation corresponds to a small central region" of photoreceptors is confirmed. The model indicates that the template for analysis should be separate for outer and inner retina in order to mirror corresponding areas and functional relationships. Based on the model we propose a template relevant for clinical analysis of images of the outer retina mainly based on anatomical nomenclature and partly adapted according to the ETDRS convention.Conclusion A model of the central retina based on neural connectivity is recommended as a frame for analysis of corresponding but displaced zones of the central retina.Templates for analysis of zones of cones and RGC are proposed.
Repeatability of retinal thickness and volume metrics in neovascular age‐related macular degeneration using the Heidelberg spectralis optical coherence tomography
Authors: DEGLI ESPOSTI S , COMYN O , KEANE PA , TUFAIL A , PATEL P 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To estimate the intra‐session repeatability of retinal thickness and volume measurements from consecutive raster Heidelberg Spectralis spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans in patients with neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (nAMD).Methods Retrospective analysis of Spectralis OCT scans taken from 27 patients with a diagnosis of nAMD. Three OCT raster scans were performed by the same observer in the same sitting in consecutive patients attending for nAMD treatment, one of which being taken as a follow‐up after setting a reference point on the baseline scan and one being taken as an independent scan from the baseline one. Retinal thickness and volume measurements were automatically calculated by the onboard software. Bland‐Altman methods of analysis were used to assess repeatability.Results Data from the 27 patients were analyzed with a mean (SD) age of 78 years (7). Mean visual acuity was 20/63 (range 20/200‐20/32) The 95% coefficient of repeatability (CR) was 44 µm and 0.038 mm3 for retinal thickness and volume respectively in the central 1 mm macular subfield for the two independent scans, and it was 32 µm and 0.027 mm3 for the two scans taken with the follow‐up reference.Conclusion We report estimates of the intra‐session repeatability of Spectralis OCT retinal thickness and volume metrics in patients with nAMD. There were comparable repeatability estimates for scans taken with or without setting a reference scan with the onboard software. The results are helpful in distinguishing clinical change from measurement variability in clinical practice.
Diabetic macular oedema and choroidal thickness measured by EDI SD‐OCT
Authors: ASCASO F , ZABADANI K , VILLEN L , MATEO J , CASAS P , JIMENEZ B , DEL BUEY MA , CRISTOBAL JA 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Present study compared the choroidal thickness in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) with that in healthy controls to know the true role of choroids in DME.Methods Twelve eyes of 9 patients with DME (65.5±8.4 years), 9 contralateral eyes without DME (60.2±13.7 years), and 186 eyes of 96 age‐matched healthy volunteers (62.1±19.4 years) underwent enhanced depth imaging (EDI) spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography with a Heidelberg Spectralis HRA+OCT.Results Reliable measurements of choroidal thickness were obtained in 72.3% of eyes examined. In the DME group the mean choroidal thicknesses were 232.4±74.7 µm at the fovea, 223.3±70.0 µm nasally, and 234.0±72.9 µm temporally. In the contralateral eyes these measurements were 279.9±103.6 µm, 252.8±86.4 µm, and 283.9±101.4 µm, respectively. Finally, the control group showed slightly higher values: 288.6±114.5 µm, 279.1±112.7 µm, and 283.8±104.3 µm, respectively. However, choroidal thickness did not show any statistically significant differences among the three groups of eyes (p>0.05, ANOVA test).Conclusion Although a decreased choroidal thickness has been reported in eyes with DME, no differences were found in present study when age was counted as a confounding variable. Age has a strong inverse relationship with choroidal thickness.
Ratio of foveal thickness to choroidal thickness in caucasians
Authors: SCHMIDBAUER M 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To examine the potential dependence of foveal thickness on subfoveal choroidal thickness and associated factors.Methods Patients without any macular or optic nerve disease and attending the clinic for cataract surgery underwent biometry and enhanced depth imaging of the deep retinal and choroidal layers by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT, Spectralis).Results The study included 47 patients (24 women) with a mean age of 73.4 ± 7.3 years (range: 57.1 – 87.4 years) and mean axial length of 23.56 ± 0.88 mm (range: 21.65 – 25.47mm). The ratio of foveal thickness to subfoveal choroidal thickness (RFTCT) was 1.11 ± 0.48 (median: 1.06; range: 0.41‐2.60). In multivariate analysis, RFTCT increased significantly with longer axial length (non‐standardized regression coefficient B: 0.21; standardized correlation coefficient ß= 0.39; P =0.006) and older age (B:0.02; ß= 0.35; P=0.01).Conclusion In elderly Caucasians, mean foveal thickness was about 11% higher than subfoveal choroidal thickness. For each mm increase in axial length, and for each increase in year of age, the ratio of foveal thickness to subfoveal choroidal thickness increased by 20 percentage points and by 2 percentage points, respectively. With increasing axial length, and with higher age, the choroidal thickness changes more marked than the foveal thickness changes.
Subfoveal choroidal thickness. The Beijing eye study
Authors: STEINMETZ P 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To study the subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT) in adult Chinese and its correlation with ocular biometric parameters, ref. error, and ageMethods A detailed ophthalmic examination was performed including SD‐OCT with enhanced depth imaging for measurement of SFCTResults SFCT measurements were available for 3233 (93.2%) subjects.Mean SFCT was 253.8 ± 107.4μm (range: 8μm to 854μm).In multivariate analysis, SFCT was associated with younger age(P<0.001; correlation coefficient r:4.12; beta coefficient: 0.37),shorter axial length (P<0.001;r:44.7;ϐ:0.46), male gender (P<0.001;r:28.5;ϐ:‐0.13), deeper anterior chamber depth (P<0.001;r:39.3;ϐ:0.13),thicker lens (P<0.001;r:26.8;ϐ:0.08),flatter cornea (P<0.001;r:46.0;ϐ:0.11) and better best corrected visual acuity(logMAR;P=0.001;r:48.4;ϐ:0.06). In multivariate analysis, SFCT was not significantly associated with blood pressure, ocular perfusion pressure, intraocular pressure, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, serum concentrations of lipids and glucose, diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension. In the myopic refractive error range of more than ‐1 diopters, SFCT decreased by 15µm(95% CI): 11.9, 18.5) for every increase in myopic refractive error of one diopter,or by 32µm (95%CI: 37.1, 26.0) for every increase in axial length of one millimeter. For each year increase in age, the SFCT decreased by 4.1μm (95%CI: 4.6, 3.7) (multivariate analysis).Conclusion SFCT with a mean of 254±107μm in elderly subjects with a mean age of 65 years decreased with age(4µm per year of age) and myopia(15 µm per diopter of myopia). It was additionally associated with male gender and the ocular biometric parameters of a deeper anterior chamber and thicker lens. The association between SFCT and BVCA strongly points towards a functional aspect of SFCT
Preoperative vitrectomy treatment preventing vitreous haemorrhage
Authors: HALFELD FURTADO DE MENDONCA R , FERREIRA EL , ARAúJO FERRAZ D , DE OLIVEIRA MAIA JUNIOR O , YUKIHIKO TAKAHASHI W 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To compare the results of preoperative intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) and triamcinolone (IVT) treatment as prevention of early postvitrectomy haemorrhage in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).Methods 27 eyes with PDR were distributed in 3 groups (9 patients each): the IVB group received 1.25 mg bevacizumab, the IVT group received 4,0mg triamcinolone and the control group underwent a sham procedure. The incidence of early postvitrectomy hemorrhage, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and adverse events were considered.Results The lowest incidence of vitreous hemorrhage was in IVB group but not statistically significant. The rate of bleeding immediately after surgery was higher in IVT group. Considering VA, in the IVT group the improvement was statistically significant (p ≤ 0.001).Conclusion Intravitreal injection of bevacizumab 1 week before vitrectomy seems to reduce the incidence of early postvitrectomy haemorrhage in diabetic patients. There was a better VA outcome in the triamcinolone group.
Role of Sp1 transcription factor in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy
Authors: DONOVAN K , ALEKSEEV O , CHO W , AZIZKHAN‐CLIFFORD J 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Proangiogenic factors, VEGF and Cyr61, drive aberrant retinal neovascularization in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Their expression is regulated by the transcription factor Sp1. Several layers of the retina participate in the secretion of these factors; however, the contribution of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) to the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy has remained largely overlooked. Our objective was to characterize the Sp1‐dependent production of VEGF and Cyr61 in models of the diabetic retina, specifically focusing on the RPE, with the ultimate goal of identifying potential novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of DR.Methods Glucose‐treated ARPE‐19 (human retinal pigment epithelial cells) and TR‐iBRB (rat retinal microendothelial cells) were assayed for levels of VEGF and Cyr61 by qPCR, Western blot, and tubule formation assays. RNAi was used to deplete cells of Sp1. Binding of Sp1 to VEGF and Cyr61 promoters was monitored by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Immunohistochemistry for VEGF and Cyr61 was done in diabetic mouse retinas.Results Glucose treatment caused increased VEGF and Cyr61 transcript and protein, and Sp1 depletion abrogated these changes in both cell types. ChIP analysis showed glucose‐induced increase in the Sp1 binding to VEGF and Cyr61 promoters. Additionally, expression of both factors was increased in the RPE of diabetic mice.Conclusion VEGF and Cyr61 are upregulated in ARPE‐19 and TR‐iBRB in hyperglycemia, which coincides with elevated Sp1 binding at their promoters. Depletion of Sp1 significantly reduced their aberrant expression. Sp1 may participate in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy via upregulation of these proangiogenic genes in the RPE as well as in the vascular retina.
Intravitreal bevacizumab injection with grid laser photocoagulation for macular oedema in branch retinal vein occlusion
Authors: KIM HS 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the effects of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) with grid laser photocoagulation for macular edema in branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).Methods This was a retrospective case series. Ten eyes in 10 patients with macular edema secondary to BRVO with at least 3 months of symptom duration were included. The mean follow‐up term was 70.2 ± 8.4 weeks. Patients underwent IVB at baseline and macular grid laser photocoagulation 1 week later. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) were examined during the monthly follow‐up. If persistent or recurrent fluid collection appeared in optical coherence tomography (OCT) , additional IVB were performed. To evaluate differences between baseline and post‐treatment BCVA and CMT, Fisher exact test was performed.Results The mean baseline BCVA was 0.31±0.17 (mean±SD), and the mean CMT was 530±109 µm. The mean BCVA at 4, 12 and 24 weeks were 0.49±0.21 (p=0.030), 0.47±0.60 (p=0.038), and 0.41±0.85 (p=0.041), respectively. The mean CMT were 285±75 µm (p<0.01), 304±120 µm (p<0.01), and 325±145 µm (p=0.015). A mean 1.85 injections were administered and the second injection was done at a mean 3.52 months after baseline.Conclusion IVB and additional grid photocoagulation were effective for macular edema in BRVO, and the improvement maintained for 6 months.
RE‐MI‐DO Study: resultats of a multicenter study of dexamethasone implantation in eyes with macular oedema in retinal vein occlusion
Authors: POMMIER S , MEYER F 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Retrospective Multicentric Study of the dexamethasone drug delivery system (OZURDEX) in the treatment of macular edema following retinal vein occlusion To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the dexamethasone drug delivery system (OZURDEX) in eyes with macular edema following branch (BRVO) or central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).Methods Retrospective, noncomparative, multicentric Study with a minimum of 6 months follow‐up 220 patients with retinal vein occlusion (55.9% BRVO, 44.1% CRVO) have been included in the study with a minimum follow‐up of 6 months (mean follow‐up = 10.2 months). The patients received one or more OZURDEX in the study eye during the follow‐up. 8 French ophthalmic centers have participated to the study. Best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT) intraocular pressure (IOP) variation and cataract progression were evaluated monthly from baseline to 6 months.Results The initial CRT was 657.2 microns and decrease by 49.8% at M1, 55.2% at M3 and 28.1% at M6. The initial BCVA was 48 letters. AV> 20/40 was observed in 41% of patients at M1, 47.8% at M3 and 19.9% at M6. 50.8% of patients at M1, 55.9% at M3, and 35.1% at M6 had an improvement ≥ 15‐letters in BCVA from baseline. An IOP > 25mmHg was observed in 15.8% of patients. 6% of had an increase ≥ 10‐mmHg from baseline during the first month after the first injection. These IOP increase were transients At 6 months, one third of the patients required a second injection. The mean time for reinjection was 5,3 months.Conclusion Ozurdex provides an efficient and risk‐benefit ratio acceptable to the treatment of RVO patients with macular edema.