bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Yolk-shelled silver nanowire@amorphous metal-organic framework for controlled drug delivery and light-promoting infected wound healing
Authors: Yang Yueyan , Sun Xu , Wang Shengyan , Tang Zhe , Luo Siyuan , Shi Jianjun , Zhuo Xiaolu , Zhu Jinjin , Zhang Han , Kong Xiangdong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Bacteria-infected wounds healing has been greatly hindered by antibiotic resistance and persistent inflammation. It is crucial to develop multifunctional nanocomposites that possess effective antibacterial properties and can simultaneously accelerate the wound healing process to overcome the above challenges. Herein, we prepared a yolk–shell structured Ag nanowires (NWs)@amorphous hollow ZIF-67 by etching ZIF-67 onto the Ag NWs for infected wound healing for the first time. The etched hollow structure of amorphous ZIF-67 in the nanocomposite makes it a promising platform for loading healing-promoting drugs. We extensively studied the antibacterial and healing-promoting properties of the curcumin (CCM)-loaded nanocomposite (Ag NWs@C-HZ67). Ag NWs, being noble metal materials with plasmonic effects, can absorb a broad range of natural light and convert it to thermal energy. This photothermal conversion further improves the release of antibacterial components and wound healing drugs when exposed to light. During the healing process of an infected wound, Ag and Co ions were released from Ag NWs@C-HZ67 upon direct contact with the wound exudate and under the influence of light irradiation. Simultaneously, the loaded CCM leaked out to repair the infected wound. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the Ag NWs@C-HZ67 groups against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria decreased to 3 and 3 μg ml−1 when exposed to white light. Furthermore, an in vivo assessment of infected wound healing demonstrated that combining Ag NWs@C-HZ67 with light significantly accelerated the wound healing process, achieving 70% healing by the 6th day and almost complete healing by the 8th day. This advanced nanocomposite, consisting of components that possess antibacterial and growth-promoting properties, offers a safe, effective and clinically-translatable solution for accelerating the healing process of infected wounds.
A review of calcium and phosphorus requirement estimates for gestating and lactating sows
Authors: Becker Larissa L , Gebhardt Jordan T , Tokach Mike D , Woodworth Jason C , Goodband Robert D , DeRouchey Joel M 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCalcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) are minerals involved in biological functions and essential structural components of the skeleton. The body tightly regulates Ca and P to maintain homeostasis. Maternal needs for Ca and P increase during gestation and lactation to support conceptus growth and milk synthesis. Litter size and litter average daily gain (ADG) have a large effect on Ca and P requirements for sows because as they increase, the requirements increase due to a greater need from the sow. The objective of this review was to summarize published literature on Ca and P requirements in gestating and lactating sows derived from empirical data and factorial models. A total of nine empirical studies and seven factorial models were reviewed for determining the Ca and P requirements in gestation. For lactation, there were six empirical studies and seven factorial models reviewed. Empirical studies determined requirements based on the observed effect of Ca and P on bone mineralization, sow and litter performance, and milk characteristics. Factorial models generated equations to estimate Ca and P requirements using the main components of maintenance, fetal and placental growth, and maternal retention in gestation. The main components for factorial equations in lactation include maintenance and milk production. In gestation, the standardized total tract digestible phosphorus (STTD P) requirement estimates from empirical studies range from 5.4 to 9.5 g/d with total Ca ranging from 12.9 to 18.6 g/d to maximize bone measurements or performance criteria. According to the factorial models, the requirements increase throughout gestation to meet the needs of the growing fetuses and range from 7.6 to 10.6 g/d and 18.4 to 38.2 g/d of STTD P and total Ca, respectively, on day 114 of gestation for parity 1 sows. During lactation, STTD P requirement estimates from empirical studies ranged from 8.5 to 22.1 g/d and total Ca ranged from 21.2 to 50.4 g/d. For the lactation factorial models, STTD P requirements ranged from 14.2 to 25.1 g/d for STTD P and 28.4 to 55.6 g/d for total Ca for parity 1 sows with a litter size of 15 pigs. The large variation in requirement estimates makes it difficult to define Ca and P requirements; however, a minimum level of 6.0 and 22.1 g/d of STTD P during gestation and lactation, respectively, appears to be adequate to meet basal requirements. The limited data and high variation indicate a need for future research evaluating Ca and P requirements for gestating and lactating sows.
Dihydroartemisinin alleviates doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity and ferroptosis by activating Nrf2 and regulating autophagy
Authors: Lin Zhi‐Hui , Xiang Hua‐Qiang , Yu Yong‐Wei , Xue Yang‐Jing , Wu Chang , Lin Cong , Ji Kang‐Ting 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlthough the use of Doxorubicin (Dox) is extensive in the treatment of malignant tumor, the toxic effects of Dox on the heart can cause myocardial injury. Therefore, it is necessary to find an alternative drug to alleviate the Dox‐induced cardiotoxicity. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is a semisynthetic derivative of artemisinin, which is an active ingredient of Artemisia annua. The study investigates the effects of DHA on doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity and ferroptosis, which are related to the activation of Nrf2 and the regulation of autophagy. Different concentrations of DHA were administered by gavage for 4 weeks in mice. H9c2 cells were pretreated with different concentrations of DHA for 24 h in vitro. The mechanism of DHA treatment was explored through echocardiography, biochemical analysis, real‐time quantitative PCR, western blotting analysis, ROS/DHE staining, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. In vivo, DHA markedly relieved Dox‐induced cardiac dysfunction, attenuated oxidative stress, alleviated cardiomyocyte ferroptosis, activated Nrf2, promoted autophagy, and improved the function of lysosomes. In vitro, DHA attenuated oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte ferroptosis, activated Nrf2, promoted clearance of autophagosomes, and reduced lysosomal destruction. The changes of ferroptosis and Nrf2 depend on selective degradation of keap1 and recovery of lysosome. We found for the first time that DHA could protect the heart from the toxic effects of Dox‐induced cardiotoxicity. In addition, DHA significantly alleviates Dox‐induced ferroptosis through the clearance of autophagosomes, including the selective degradation of keap1 and the recovery of lysosomes.
Exploring mitochondrial DNA copy number in circulating cell‐free DNA and extracellular vesicles across cardiovascular health status: A prospective case–control pilot study
Authors: Rucci Chiara , de Simone Gaia , Salathia Saniya , Casadidio Cristina , Censi Roberta , Bordoni Laura 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading global cause of mortality, difficult to predict in advance. Evidence indicates that the copy number of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNAcn) in blood is altered in individuals with CVD. MtDNA released into circulation may act as a mediator of inflammation, a recognized factor in the development of CVD, in the long distance. This pilot study aims to test if levels of mtDNAcn in buffy coat DNA (BC‐mtDNA), in circulating cellfree DNA (cf‐mtDNA), or in DNA extracted from plasma extracellular vesicles (EV‐mtDNA) are altered in CVD patients and if they can predict heart attack in advance. A group of 144 people with different CVD statuses (50 that had CVD, 94 healthy) was selected from the LifeLines Biobank according to the incidence of new cardiovascular event monitored in 6 years (50 among controls had heart attack after the basal assessment). MtDNAcn was quantified in total cf‐DNA and EV‐DNA from plasma as well as in buffy coat. EVs have been characterized by their size, polydispersity index, count rate, and zeta potential, by Dynamic Light Scattering. BC‐mtDNAcn and cf‐mtDNAcn were not different between CVD patients and healthy subjects. EVs carried higher mtDNAcn in subject with a previous history of CVD than controls, also adjusting the analysis for the EVs derived count rate. Despite mtDNAcn was not able to predict CVD in advance, the detection of increased EV‐mtDNAcn in CVD patients in this pilot study suggests the need for further investigations to determine its pathophysiological role in inflammation.
Storage of Emergency Airway Equipment on Labor and Delivery Units
Authors: Riley E.T. , Carvalho B. , Abir G. 
Published: May 2024

(J Clin Anesth. 2022;80:110886 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinane.2022.110886)
The imperative need for an operational and prepared environment in labor and delivery (L&D) units, particularly for emergency cesarean delivery (CD), underscores the requirement for a readily available operating room. This preparedness extends to having emergency airway equipment in a state of readiness for immediate use. In an academic tertiary referral institution, which handles ~4600 deliveries annually (with 70% classified as high-risk patients), emergency airway equipment was initially stored preprepared beneath a towel on the front shelf of each anesthesia machine.
Clinical Triggers and Vital Signs Influencing Crisis Acknowledgment and Calls for Help by Anesthesiologists: A Simulation-Based Observational Study
Authors: Matern L.H. , Gardner R. , Rudolph J.W. , Nadelberg R.L. , Buléon C. , Minehart R.D. 
Published: May 2024

(J Clin Anesth. 2023;90:111235 |https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinane.2023.111235)
Swiftly mobilizing resources in perioperative emergencies is crucial for patient survival, with anesthesiologists typically bearing this responsibility. Recognizing the urgency, the call for help is emphasized through formalized “stat” calls. However, the timing of seeking assistance remains subjective, posing a challenge. While empirical evidence highlights blood pressure thresholds indicative of harm, ambiguity surrounds terms like “early” in crisis management. An assumption that anesthesiologists must possess all answers hinders timely collaboration, impacting patient care. Factors affecting crisis acknowledgment, especially in simulated settings, were explored among MOCA course participants. Acknowledgment, a pivotal step in emergency response, was scrutinized alongside potential differences between active participants and observers. This investigation seeks to expose vulnerabilities in ACRM implementation, guiding future studies on crisis management in perioperative settings.
Automated Insulin Delivery in Women With Pregnancy Complicated by Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Lee T.T.M. , Collett C. , Bergford S. , Hartnell S. , Murphy H.R. , Scott E.M. , Lindsay R.S. , Hunt K.F. , McCance D.R. , Barnard-Kelly K. , Rankin D. , Lawton J. , Reynolds R.M. , Flanagan E. , Hammond M. , Shepstone L. , Wilinska M.E. , Sibayan J. , Kollman C. , Beck R. , Hovorka R. , Murphy H.R. ,   AiDAPT Collaborative Group
Published: May 2024

(N Engl J Med. 2023;389:1566–1578)
Type 1 diabetes often causes significant complications both during pregnancy and immediately after delivery for both mother and infant. This makes glycemic control during pregnancy for these women of utmost importance for their health and that of their baby. Several therapies have been introduced for pregnancies complicated by type 1 diabetes, and one that is relatively new is hybrid closed loop therapy; because of its recent development, the efficacy of this treatment is still unclear. This study was designed to test if the initiation of hybrid closed loop therapy before 16 weeks of gestation would improve glucose levels during pregnancy. The primary outcome for this study was the percentage of time that glucose levels were within the pregnancy-specific target range of 63 to 140 mg per deciliter.
Why Anesthetists Should Care About Postnatal Care
Authors: Bamber J.H. 
Published: May 2024

(Anaesthesia. 2023;78(9):1058–1061)
The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) characterizes current UK postnatal care as a “Cinderella service,” marked by insufficient provisions and only 8.5% of the maternity care budget. Despite 97% of births occurring in hospitals, the average postnatal stay of 1.5 days is the shortest among high-income countries. While most women find their stay appropriate, empowering them to choose its duration enhances satisfaction without adverse effects.
ACCURACY OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CHATBOTS’ REPLIES IN GREEK VS. ENGLISH AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE 2023 ESH GUIDELINES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Ioannidis Antonios , Tsounis Dimitrios , Bouras Georgios , Komninou Despoina , Pechlevanis Apostolos , Zalokosta Eleni , Mylona Eirini , Sidera Christina , Markidou Efthymia , Kafkia Theodora 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots has created new opportunities. This study aims to assess how well online AI chatbots, capable to interact in multiple languages, could respond in accordance with the 2023 ESH Guidelines.

Design and method:
We structured 20 questions, both in English and Greek, covering issues that were included in the 2023 ESH Guidelines recommendations. The questions were fed to four free online chatbots that can interrogate questions in multiple languages. The responses were recorded and evaluated by three experienced cardiologists with special interest in hypertension. To assess consistency, each question was asked three times, though only the first response was included in the accuracy analysis. All questions were preceded by ’According to the 2023 ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension’. A response was considered ’accurate’ if it included all essential information, ’inaccurate’ if it was not in accordance with the guidelines and ’incomplete’ if any essential information was missing.

Results:
In total there were 160 responses recorded (80 in Greek and 80 in English). A total of 62 (38.8%) responses were deemed accurate with significant difference between the languages (30% for Greek vs 47.5% for English responses), ranging from only 2 out of 20 (10% for YOU.COM in Greek) to 13 out of 20 (65% for BARD in English). Eighty-five (53.1%) of the responses were judged as inaccurate and 13 (8.1%) as incomplete. There were two questions that got no accurate responses from any chatbot (in either language). Moreover, 138 out of the 160 regenerated responses were consistent with the initial answer (86.3%). No chatbot would have replied accurately to every question even if the regenerated responses were to be considered.

Conclusions:
The study resulted in a variation of accuracy of the responses generated by four popular AI chatbots when asked about issues covered in the 2023 ESH Guidelines. The observed accuracy is lower for Greek. While the use of chat-based AI in medicine is still in its early stages and current models are not intended for medical use, the potential for such technology is significant.
THE PROGNOSTIC POWER OF DIASTOLIC-TO-SYSTOLIC ARTERIAL STIFFENING IS GREATER AT NIGHTTIME IN MIDDLE-AGE PATIENTS UNDERGOING 24-HOUR AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING
Authors: Gavish Benjamin , De La Sierra Alejandro , Bursztyn Michael , Ruilope Luis M , Williams Bryan 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
It has been previously shown that part of the pulse pressure (PP), the systolic-diastolic blood pressure (BP) difference, relates quantitatively to the relative change in arterial stiffness between the diastolic- to the systolic pressure (‘stiffening’). This part so-called ‘stiffening PP component’ (stPP) can be determined from repeated BP measurements. The study objective was to assess and compare the hazard ratio of stPP during daytime and nighttime for outcomes in a large cohort of young and middle-age patients using 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (24hABPM).

Design and method:
The study included analysis of 24hABPM records of adequate quality provided by the Spanish Ambulatory Blood Pressure Registry of patients referred by their physicians at 223 primary care centers in Spain. For SD=standard deviation, and K=SD(SBP)/SD(DBP), stPP=PP [1- ln(K)/(K-1)]. Hazard ratios (HRs) for each SD change in stPP were determined for the age classes 20-40, 41-50, and 51-60 years, using Cox regression models, adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking status, diabetes, dyslipidemia, mean DBP, pulse rate, SD(SBP), antihypertensive treatment, and previous cardiovascular disease (CVD). The endpoints were total mortality, and death from CVD, or coronary heart disease (CHD).

Results:
Of the 24,260 patients included [mean(SD) age 48.0(9.0) years, 34% male] 845 deaths occurred during the follow-up period of 9.6(2.2) years. The Table shows that stPP had statistically-significant predictive power for all endpoints at age 51-60 years for both day and night (where day HR was larger or comparable to its night value), but for night only at age 41-50 years. At age 20-40 years stPP lacked predictive power for total mortality and CVD death. For CHD death day stPP suggested increased risk while night stPP suggested protective effect, but both lacked statistical significance probably due to the small number of deaths.

Conclusions:
The stiffening PP component derived from 24hABPM displayed statistically significant predictive power during nighttime at middle age, in spite of its relatively small mean value.
ISOLATED SYSTOLIC HYPERTENSION OF YOUTH – FINDINGS FROM THE I24ABC CONSORTIUM
Authors: Danninger Kathrin , Weber Thomas , Wassertheurer Siegfried , Protogerou Athanase , Sharman James E. , Sala Enrique Rodilla , Wilkinson Ian , Hametner Bernhard , Ortner Stefan , Mayer Christoph , Li Yan , Pascual Jose Maria , Argyris Antonios , Athanasopoulou Elpida , Karachalias Fotis , Mceniery Carmel , Stergiou George , Gomes Marco Antonio Mota , Mcdonnell Barry 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
There is considerable controversy concerning the physiology and prognostic significance of isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) in youth. We sought to address this by pooling hemodynamic and echocardiographic data from participants up to 40 years in a large international academic research consortium.

Design and method:
In all 18 centers, 24-hour blood pressure (24hBP) was measured with the same validated oscillometric upper arm device (Mobil-O-Graph, I.E.M., Germany), using a transfer function and ARCSolver algorithms for determination of central pressures (using mean/diastolic BP calibration), pulsatile (Pressure Augmentation-AP, amplitudes of Forward (Pf) and Backward (Pb) wave) and steady state (Cardiac Output-CO, Total Peripheral Resistance-TPR) hemodynamics. Hypertension phenotypes were defined according to average 24h brachial BP as normotension (NTN), isolated systolic (ISH) and diastolic (IDH) hypertension, and systolic/diastolic hypertension (SDH). Left ventricular mass was determined by echocardiography, and indexed to body surface area (LVMi).

Results:
Overall, 675 participants were included. 52.3, 5.9, 19.1 and 22.7% were classified as NTN, ISH, IDH, and SDH, with average 24h brachial BPs of 117/71, 134/75, 124/85 and 140/93 mmHg, respectively. Participants with ISH were the youngest and tallest among all 4 groups, and had the highest proportion of men. Average 24h central SBP and PP were 121/49, 143/66, 125/38 and 140/46 mmHg in NTN, ISH, IDH, and SDH, respectively. Participants with ISH had highest average 24h values for pulsatile hemodynamics (AP, Pf, Pb) and cardiac output (CO), and participants with SDH had highest average 24h values for TPR, respectively (see Table). LVMi was 76.9, 84.8, 78.2 and 96.3 g/m2 in participants with NTN, ISH, IDH, and SDH, respectively (p<0.0001).

Conclusions:
In this cohort of younger individuals, ISH was an infrequent condition with specific clinical and hemodynamic characteristics. The relatively high LVMi and central BPs in those with ISH as compared to IDH and NTN is a suspicious prognostic sign.
ASSOCIATIONS OF ULTRA LONG-TERM VISIT-TO-VISIT BLOOD PRESSURE VARIABILITY SINCE CHILDHOOD WITH VASCULAR AGING IN MIDLIFE: A 30-YEAR PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY
Authors: Wang Yang , Si Ai -Ma , Zhao Peng , Chu Chao , Du Ming -Fei , Wang Dan , Jia Hao , Hu Gui -Lin , Ma Qiong , Yan Yu , Chang John , Delles Christian , Chen Fang -Yao , Mu Jian -Jun 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
Vascular aging, as assessed by structural and functional arterial properties, is an independent predictor of cardiovascular outcomes. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential associations of ultra long-term blood pressure (BP) variability from childhood to adulthood with vascular aging in midlife.

Design and method:
Using data from the ongoing cohort of Hanzhong Adolescent Hypertension study, 2065 participants aged 6 to 18 years at baseline were followed up with seven visits over 30 years. Long-term BP variability was defined as the standard deviation (SD) and average real variability (ARV) of BP over 30 years (seven visits). Vascular aging included arterial stiffness, carotid hypertrophy, and carotid plaque.

Results:
Over 30 years of follow-up, 444 of the 2065 participants developed arterial stiffness. After adjusting for demographic variables, clinical characteristics and mean BP over 30 years, higher SDSBP, ARVSBP, SDDBP and ARVDBP from childhood to midlife were significantly associated with arterial stiffness in midlife. Additionally, higher SDDBP was associated with risk of carotid hypertrophy. Greater SDDBP and ARVDBP were significantly associated with the presence of carotid plaque in midlife. When we used cumulative exposure to BP from childhood to adulthood instead of mean BP as adjustment factors, results were similar. Furthermore, we found a significant correlation between long-term BP variability from youth to adulthood and arterial stiffness, while long-term BP variability from childhood to adolescence is associated with the presence of carotid plaques. The subpopulation treatment effect pattern plot methodology demonstrated a progressive divergence in the risk of vascular aging during midlife between the high SDSBP or high ARVSBP group and the low SDSBP or low ARVSBP group as age increases. Notably, this divergence became particularly pronounced in a subpopulation of individuals around the age of 44.

Conclusions:
Higher BP variability from childhood to adulthood may increase the risk of vascular aging in midlife independently of mean BP or cumulative BP exposure. Therefore, long-term BP variability from an early age may serve as a predictor of cardiovascular diseases in later life.