bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unravelling provenance from Eocene–Oligocene sandstones of the Thrace Basin, North‐east Greece
Authors: CARACCIOLO LUCA , CRITELLI SALVATORE , INNOCENTI FABRIZIO , KOLIOS NIKO , MANETTI PIERO 
Published: June 2011

AbstractNew sandstone petrology and petrostratigraphy provide insights on Palaeogene (Middle Eocene to Oligocene) clastics of the Thrace Basin in Greece, which developed synchronously with post‐Cretaceous collision and subsequent Tertiary extension. Sandstone petrofacies are used as a tool to unravel complex geodynamic changes that occurred at the southern continental margin of the European plate, identifying detrital signals of the accretionary processes of the Rhodope orogen, as well as subsequent partitioning related to extension of the Rhodope area, followed by Oligocene to present Aegean extension and wide magmatic activity starting during the Early Oligocene. Sandstone detrital modes include three distinctive petrofacies: quartzolithic, quartzofeldspathic and feldspatholithic. Major contributions are from metamorphic basement units, represented mostly by low to medium‐grade lithic fragments for the quartzolithic petrofacies and high‐grade metamorphic rock fragments for the quartzofeldspathic petrofacies. Volcaniclastic sandstones were derived from different volcanic areas, with a composition varying from dominantly silicic to subordinate intermediate products (mainly rhyolitic glass, spherulites and felsitic lithics). Evolution of detrital modes documents contributions from three key source areas corresponding to the two main crystalline tectonic units: (i) the Variegated Complex (ultramafic complex), in the initial stage of accretion (quartzolithic petrofacies); (ii) the Gneiss–Migmatite Complex (quartzofeldspathic petrofacies); and (iii) the Circum‐Rhodope Belt. The volcaniclastic petrofacies is interbedded with quartzofeldspathic petrofacies, reflecting superposition of active volcanic activity on regional erosion. The three key petrofacies reflect complex provenance from different tectonic settings, from collisional orogenic terranes to local basement uplift and volcanic activity. The composition and stratigraphic relations of sandstones derived from erosion of the Rhodope orogenic belt and superposed magmatism after the extensional phase in northern Greece provide constraints for palaeogeographic and palaeotectonic models of the Eocene to Oligocene western portions of the Thrace Basin. Clastic detritus in the following sedimentary assemblages was derived mainly from provenance terranes of the Palaeozoic section within the strongly deformed Rhodope Massif of northern Greece and south‐east Bulgaria, from the epimetamorphic units of the Circum‐Rhodope Belt and from superposed Late Eocene to Early Oligocene magmatism related to orogenic collapse of the Rhodope orogen. The sedimentary provenance of the Rhodope Palaeogene sandstones documents the changing nature of this orogenic belt through time, and may contribute to a general understanding of similar geodynamic settings.
Host‐plant defence against Striga spp.: reconsidering the role of tolerance
Authors: RODENBURG J , BASTIAANS L 
Published: June 2011

Rodenburg J & Bastiaans L (2011). Host‐plant defence against Striga spp.: reconsidering the role of tolerance. Weed Research51, 438–441.SummaryParasitic weeds of the genus Striga cause high yield losses in cereal crops across Africa. Host‐plant defence against Striga spp. can be an effective control strategy. It ideally consists of resistance, to reduce infection, complemented with tolerance, to mitigate the effects of infection. As resistance against Striga spp. can both minimise yield losses and reduce future infestation levels in infested fields, current breeding efforts are mainly directed towards this trait. Because it is nearly impossible to screen for tolerance on highly resistant genetic lines, tolerance is often neglected. Here, we argue reconsidering the role of tolerance, as recent findings regarding the physiological expression of tolerance offer a promising track for identifying the genetic background of tolerance. Identification of quantitative trait loci for tolerance would facilitate the inclusion of this trait in adapted cultivars with high levels of resistance, where its main role would be to function as a safety net in case the genetically highly variable parasite populations overcome host‐plant resistance. Because Striga spp. are mainly prevalent in subsistence farming systems, we consider this an important addition and it is for this reason that we make a plea for a more prominent role of tolerance in present‐day integrated management of this weed.
Emerging clinical and experimental evidence for the role of lipocalin‐2 in metabolic syndrome
Authors: Jang Yangsoo , Lee Jong Ho , Wang Yu , Sweeney Gary 
Published: June 2011

Summary1. The inflammatory state, which is associated with the current pandemic of obesity, has been established as an important contributing pathogenic factor to the increased prevalence of the so‐called metabolic syndrome. Many studies have focused on the contribution of various adipokines to this phenomenon, and in the present study, we provide an update on the emerging evidence that the pro‐inflammatory factor, lipocalin‐2, might influence various aspects of metabolic syndrome.2. Previous reports indicate a positive correlation of serum lipocalin‐2 with fasting glucose, the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index, and the inflammatory marker high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein, even after adjustment for body mass index, suggesting that it is an independent risk factor for insulin resistance, diabetes, and inflammation. Direct analysis of lipocalin‐2 action now also shows effects on peripheral metabolism and on cardiovascular function.3. A better understanding of how lipocalin‐2 is regulated locally and systemically is crucial for adding to our understanding of the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome, and to uncover potential new avenues for therapeutic approaches.
Midbrain volume increase in patients with panic disorder
Authors: Fujiwara Akiko , Yoshida Takeshi , Otsuka Tatsui , Hayano Fumi , Asami Takeshi , Narita Hiroyuki , Nakamura Motoaki , Inoue Tomio , Hirayasu Yoshio 
Published: June 2011

Aim:  Although recent studies suggest abnormalities of the cerebral cortex, limbic structures, and brain stem regions in panic disorder (PD), the extent to which the midbrain is associated with PD pathophysiology is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate structural abnormalities of the midbrain using magnetic resonance imaging and to determine if there is a clinical correlation between midbrain volume and clinical measurements in patients with PD.Methods:  Thirty‐eight patients with PD (PD group) and 38 healthy controls (HC group) participated in this study. The midbrain was measured with a manual tracing method with high spatial resolution magnetic resonance imaging. The Panic Disorder Severity Scale and Global Assessment of Functioning were used to examine the correlation between volume abnormality and clinical symptoms and functioning in the PD group.Results:  Relative midbrain volume was larger in the PD group than in the HC group. The relative volume of the dorsal midbrain was larger in the PD group, while the volume of the ventral midbrain was not. We found a significant positive correlation between relative dorsal midbrain volume and total Panic Disorder Severity Scale score, and a significant negative correlation between relative dorsal midbrain volume and Global Assessment of Functioning score in the PD group.Conclusions:  Our findings suggest that the dorsal midbrain is associated with PD pathophysiology. The midbrain volume increase may reflect PD severity.
Correlations between the offensive subtype of social anxiety disorder and personality disorders
Authors: Nagata Toshihiko , Matsunaga Hisato , van Vliet Irene , Yamada Hisashi , Fukuhara Hidehiro , Yoshimura Chiho , Kiriike Nobuo 
Published: June 2011

Aims:  Recent studies have revealed the possibility that the offensive subtype of social anxiety disorder (SAD) may no longer be a culture‐bound syndrome; however, detailed clinical pictures have never been reported. This study investigated the differences between the offensive and non‐offensive subtypes of SAD in terms of the background and axis I and II comorbidity.Methods:  A total of 139 patients with SAD based on DSM‐IV criteria were studied by conducting a semi‐structured interview including the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV axis I and II disorders, and the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale.Results:  Fifty‐two (37%) patients were classified with the offensive subtype. There were no significant differences in most demographic variables and axis I lifetime comorbidity between offensive and non‐offensive subtype patients. On logistic regression analysis, offensive subtype patients showed a more frequent history of parental physical abuse, higher Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale scores, and more frequently exhibited obsessive–compulsive personality disorders than non‐offensive subtype patients.Conclusion:  Yamashita (1977) reported that the majority of offensive subtype patients were doted on by their parents, although current offensive subtype patients are more likely to have had a troubled childhood, show severer forms of SAD, and more frequently exhibit an inflexible personality. This study suggested that the offensive subtype might not be essentially different from the non‐offensive subtype (quantitative rather than qualitative).
Medicaid Personal Care Services and Caregivers' Reports of Children's Health: The Dynamics of a Relationship
Authors: Elliott Timothy R. , Phillips Charles D. , Patnaik Ashweeta , Naiser Emily , Booth Eric A. , Fournier Constance J. , Miller Thomas R. , Moudouni Darcy M. , Hawes Catherine , Dyer James A. 
Published: June 2011

Objective. To investigate the relationship between Medicaid Personal Care Services (PCS) and caregivers' reports of activity (activities of daily living [ADL]) limitations for children with chronic health problems.
Data Sources/Study Setting. Primary data collected in 2008 and 2009. A state Medicaid program was the setting. The focus was children receiving Medicaid PCS.
Data Collection. Medicaid case managers assessed children to determine their need for PCS, using information provided by the child or informal caregivers. Two thousand seven hundred assessments were provided to researchers directly from case managers.
Principal Findings. Medical conditions and impairments explained 58 percent of the variance in the child's activity limitations. Activity limitations and problem behaviors explained 28 percent of the variance in PCS hours authorized. Which case manager completed the assessment also played a substantial role in determining hours of care.
Conclusions. Caregivers' reports of the severity of a child's activity limitations effectively summarize the effects of conditions and impairments on the child's ADL performance and have a significant impact on the level of services provided. Assessors often respond differently to children's characteristics and circumstances as they move from assessment to decisions concerning care provision. Our results imply that the provision of appropriate services may be enhanced when both case managers and caregivers play an active role in decisions concerning care provision.
Comparing Patient Outcomes across Payer Types: Implications for Using Hospital Discharge Records to Assess Quality
Authors: Maeng Daniel D. , Martsolf Grant R. 
Published: June 2011

Objective. To explain observed differences in patient outcomes across payer types using hospital discharge records. Specifically, we address two mechanisms: hospital‐payer matching versus unobserved patient heterogeneity.
Data Source. Florida's hospital discharge records (1996–2000) of major surgery patients with private health insurance between the ages of 18 and 65, Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) market penetration data, hospital systems data, and the Area Resource File.
Study Design. The dependent variable is occurrence of one or more in‐hospital complications as identified by the Complication Screening Program. The key independent variable is patients' primary‐payer type (HMO, Preferred Provider Organization, and fee‐for‐service). We estimate five different logistic regression models, each representing a different assumption about the underlying factors that confound the causal relationship between the payer type and the likelihood of experiencing complications.
Principal Finding. We find that the observed differences in complication rates across payer types are largely driven by unobserved differences in patient health, even after adjusting for case mix using available data elements in the discharge records.
Conclusion. Because of the limitations inherent to hospital discharge records, making quality comparisons in terms of patient outcomes is challenging. As such, any efforts to assess quality in such a manner must be carried out cautiously.
Does Medication Adherence Following a Copayment Increase Differ by Disease Burden?
Authors: Wang Virginia , Liu Chuan‐Fen , Bryson Christopher L. , Sharp Nancy D. , Maciejewski Matthew L. 
Published: June 2011

Objectives. To compare changes in medication adherence between patients with high‐ or low‐comorbidity burden after a copayment increase.
Methods. We conducted a retrospective observational study at four Veterans Affairs (VA) medical centers by comparing veterans with hypertension or diabetes required to pay copayments with propensity score‐matched veterans exempt from copayments. Disease cohorts were stratified by Diagnostic Cost Group risk score: low‐ (<1) and high‐comorbidity (>1) burden. Medication adherence from February 2001 to December 2003, constructed from VA pharmacy claims data based on the ReComp algorithm, were assessed using generalized estimating equations.
Results. Veterans with lower comorbidity were more responsive to a U.S.$5 copayment increase than higher comorbidity veterans. In the lower comorbidity groups, veterans with diabetes had a greater reduction in adherence than veterans with hypertension. Adherence trends were similar for copayment‐exempt and nonexempt veterans with higher comorbidity.
Conclusion. Medication copayment increases are associated with different impacts for low‐ and high‐risk patients. High‐risk patients incur greater out‐of‐pocket costs from continued adherence, while low‐risk patients put themselves at increased risk for adverse health events due to greater nonadherence.
Thermal gradient and timing of high‐T–low‐P metamorphism in the Wongwibinda Metamorphic Complex, southern New England Orogen, Australia
Authors: CRAVEN S. J. , DACZKO N. R. , HALPIN J. A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe Wongwibinda Metamorphic Complex (WMC) is a high‐temperature, low‐pressure (HTLP) belt in the southern New England Orogen. It is characterized by a high metamorphic field gradient exposed in variably metamorphosed siliceous turbidites. The Abroi Granodiorite and the Rockvale and Tobermory adamellites, S‐type granitoids of the Hillgrove Plutonic Suite, intrude the metaturbidites. Six samples of metaturbidite were studied from an ∼3 km long field traverse. Integrated petrography, mineral chemistry, and mineral equilibria modelling indicate a peak metamorphic temperature of 350–450 °C in the lowest grade rocks and ∼660 °C in the highest‐grade rocks. Maximum pressure does not exceed 3.5 kbar anywhere, implying a maximum depth of 12 km and indicating an average vertical gradient of at least 55 °C km−1, though our calculations suggest this is not linear. Metamorphic isograds show no apparent relationship with distance to the exposed margins of the Hillgrove Suite granitoids. Electron microprobe U–Th–Pb monazite data indicate a date of 296.8 ± 1.5 Ma for the thermal peak of the HTLP metamorphism. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry indicates a zircon U–Pb crystallization age of 290.5 ± 1.6 Ma for the Abroi Granodiorite, confirming that the pluton post‐dates the peak HTLP metamorphism. Consequently, magmatic advective heat transfer from depth via emplacement of a large volume of granitoid is unlikely to be the key local driver of the high‐grade metamorphism. It is concluded that published evidence of an extensional geodynamic setting around the Carboniferous–Permian boundary supports conductive heat transfer as the key driver of HTLP metamorphism for the WMC. It is not possible to exclude magmatic advective heat transfer via emplacement of mantle derived basaltic magmas in the deeper crust.
Implications of a Nephrology Workforce Shortage for Dialysis Patient Care
Authors: Mehrotra Rajnish , Shaffer Rachel N. , Molitoris Bruce A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractRecent dramatic decreases in US medical graduate and International Medical Graduate interest in nephrology as a career suggest that delivery of care to the vulnerable population of dialysis patients in the United States could be negatively affected in coming years. Demographic shifts and changes to national health policy are also likely to exacerbate challenges to provide adequate care to people on dialysis or at risk of end‐stage renal disease. Training an adequate number of nephrologists is imperative and will require both reconfiguring current approaches to training and certain aspects of care delivery as well as highlighting bright spots of innovation within the field of nephrology.
Pruritic Rash and Eosinophilia in a Patient Receiving Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Patel Umesh O. , Fox Susan R. , Moy James N. , Korbet Stephen M. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA 28‐year‐old woman with end‐stage renal disease maintained on peritoneal dialysis developed a hyperpigmented macular pruritic rash on multiple parts of her body associated with an eosinophilia of 22%. The consulting allergist suspected a silicone allergy from the peritoneal dialysis catheter. A patch test confirmed this diagnosis. Treatment with both topical and systemic steroids was ineffective. Following a living nonrelated renal transplant and removal of the catheter the rash and eosinophilia resolved.
Temperature‐Dependent Crystal Structures of Ti2AlN and Cr2GeC as Determined from High Temperature Neutron Diffraction
Authors: Lane Nina J. , Vogel Sven C. , Barsoum Michel W. 
Published: June 2011

In this work, we report on the temperature‐dependent crystal structures of the isostructural, layered hexagonal phases Ti2AlN and Cr2GeC determined by Rietveld analysis of high temperature neutron powder diffraction data of fully dense, polycrystalline, bulk samples in the 100° to 1100°C temperature range. For both phases, the A‐group atoms, Al and Ge, vibrate with the highest amplitude and do so anisotropically within the basal plane. All bonds expand linearly with temperature, with the highest relative thermal expansion occurring in the Ti–Al and Cr–Ge bonds. The thermal expansion coefficients in the a‐ and c‐direction are, respectively, 10.3(±0.2) × 10−6 and 9.3(±0.2) × 10−6 K−1 for Ti2AlN and 12.8(±0.3) × 10−6 and 14.6(±0.3) × 10−6 K−1 for Cr2GeC. The unit cell volume expansions observed by HTND are 10.0(±0.2) × 10−6 K−1 for Ti2AlN and 13.4(±0.3) × 10−6 K−1 for Cr2GeC.
Onset Plastic Deformation and Cracking Behavior of Silicon Carbide under Contact Load at Room Temperature
Authors: Zhao Xiaofeng , Langford Richard M. , Shapiro Ian P. , Xiao Ping 
Published: June 2011

The room temperature onset plastic deformation and crack behavior of 3C‐SiC under contact load were investigated using nanoindentation and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). During loading, abrupt bursts or pop‐in in the load–displacement curves was observed at a depth of ~60 nm. The 3C‐SiC deforms elastically before the pop‐in depth, but exhibits a plastic‐elastic behavior after that. TEM observations reveal that the shear slip is the predominant deformation mechanism in 3C‐SiC during indentation. The cracks usually initiate at the intersection of shear bands or grain boundary. In addition, theoretical analysis confirms that the pop‐in event is associated with the onset plasticity of 3C‐SiC.
Endovascular Management of Symptomatic Extracranial Stenosis Associated with Secondary Intracranial Tandem Stenosis. A Multicenter Review
Authors: Siddiqui Fazeel M. , Hassan Ameer E. , Tariq Nauman , Yacoub Hussam , Vazquez Gabriela , Suri M. Fareed K. , Taylor Robert A. , Qureshi Adnan I. 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDSeveral studies have reported variable rates of perioperative risk of stroke in individuals with tandem stenoses after carotid endarterectomy. Endovascular treatment of extracranial lesions associated with tandem lesions is limited to case reports and small case series.METHODSWe retrospectively reviewed clinical records and angiographic findings of 132 symptomatic patients with extracranial atherosclerotic disease who underwent elective stent placement at three tertiary care centers. Tandem stenosis was defined as any lesion with intracranial stenosis ≥50% in the same (but not contiguous) vascular distribution distal to primary extracranial stenosis. The study end point was a composite of any stroke or death within 24 hours, at 1‐ and 6‐month postprocedure. The rates of primary end points were compared between patients with or without secondary tandem stenosis.RESULTSOut of 132 patients (134 procedures), 27 patients were identified with a tandem stenosis. The stroke and/or death rates at 24 hours were (11.1% vs 7.5%, P= . 69) for patients with tandem stenosis and single stenosis, respectively. The cumulative stroke and/or death rate at 1‐month postprocedure (15.0% vs 7.5%, P= .10) and at 6‐month postprocedure (26.6% vs 12.8%, P= .08) appeared to be higher among those with tandem stenoses without reaching statistical significance.CONCLUSIONSThe high risk of postprocedural stroke and/or death observed in this series requires careful assessment of the risk/benefit ratio of endovascular procedures in patients with tandem stenosis.
Commitment of Decidual Haematopoietic Progenitor Cells in First Trimester Pregnancy
Authors: Szereday Laszlo , Miko Eva , Meggyes Matyas , Barakonyi Aliz , Farkas Balint , Varnagy Akos , Bodis Jozsef , Lynch Lydia , O’Farrelly Cliona , Szekeres‐Bartho Julia 
Published: June 2011

Citation Szereday L, Miko E, Meggyes M, Barakonyi A, Farkas B, Varnagy A, Bodis J, Lynch L, O’Farrelly C, Szekeres‐Bartho J. Commitment of decidual haematopoietic progenitor cells in first trimester pregnancy. Am J Reprod Immunol 2012; 67: 9–16Problem  The aim of this study was to investigate the phenotype and commitment of decidual haematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) in healthy pregnant women and in women with early miscarriage.Method of study  Peripheral blood and decidual tissue from healthy and pathological pregnant women were examined for HPCs and lymphoid progenitors using flow cytometric analysis.Results  Compared with peripheral blood, we found a significant increase in decidual HPCs in both healthy pregnant women and women with spontaneous abortion. T/NK, natural killer (NK), gamma‐delta and NKT cell progenitors were identified in all peripheral blood and decidual samples. In pathologic pregnant women, the ratios of decidual T/NK and NK cell progenitors were significantly increased compared with healthy pregnant controls.Conclusion  We demonstrated decidual cells with haematopoietic progenitor cell phenotype in human decidua. Increased levels of NK progenitors in the decidua of women with early spontaneous abortion suggest a dysregulation of this pathway that may contribute to pregnancy failure.