bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain perfusion differences in Parkinsonian disorders
Authors: Kimura Noriyuki , Hanaki Syojirou , Masuda Teruaki , Hanaoka Takuya , Hazama Yusuke , Okazaki Toshio , Arakawa Ryuki , Kumamoto Toshihide 
Published: August 2011

AbstractWe aimed to objectively examine the brain perfusion differences between PD, Parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy, and progressive supranuclear palsy. 99mTc ethylcysteinate dimer single‐photon emission CT (SPECT) was performed in 28 patients with PD, 12 with Parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy, 19 with progressive supranuclear palsy, and 17 age‐ and sex‐matched control subjects. A voxel‐by‐voxel group analysis, using statistical parametric mapping 8, was performed to detect the differences of regional cerebral blood flow among three diseases and control groups. Regional cerebral blood flow was measured using the noninvasive Patlak plot method and calculated using a fully automated region of interest technique. Progressive supranuclear palsy showed decreased regional cerebral blood flow in the cingulate gyrus and thalamus, whereas Parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy showed decreased regional cerebral blood flow in the cerebellum, compared with other patients and controls. Regional cerebral blood flow in the thalamus could be used to discriminate progressive supranuclear palsy from other diseases and control subjects with high sensitivity. These findings suggest that parkinsonian disorders, such as PD, Parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy, and progressive supranuclear palsy show a distinct SPECT pattern in the frontal cortex, thalamus, and cerebellum. Moreover, the measurements of regional cerebral blood flow in the thalamus and cerebellum may be helpful in screening for the differential diagnosis of parkinsonian syndrome. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Assessing runoff in future climate conditions in Messara valley in Crete with a rainfall‐runoff model
Authors: Voudouris K. , Mavromatis T. , Krinis P. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe aim of this study is to develop a relationship between rainfall and surface water (runoff) in South Crete, Greece. This application was carried out on five sub‐basins in the Messara valley, with a total surface of 1125 km2. Three factors were taken into account: the climate regime including precipitation and air temperature, the geological nature of the ground and the surface area of the basin. The development of the rainfall‐discharge model consisted of three steps. Firstly, the actual evapotranspiration (Er) was computed. Secondly, the storage capacity of each hydrogeological unit in every catchment area was geologically estimated and, lastly, the rainfall‐runoff model was developed using the water balance equation and the above mentioned relationship ofEr. The amount of variance in runoff between the sub‐basins explained by those three factors was 92%. Decreases in mean annual precipitation by 17 and 15% for east and west Messara, respectively, predicted by the regional climate model REMO resulted in even more drastic mean runoff reductions by 29 and 32% at the respective sides of the valley. Furthermore, the coefficient of variation of runoff increased by more than 15% in the east side of the valley but dropped by only 1.5% in the west. The proposed rainfall‐discharge relationship is a useful tool for hydrological management and evaluation of water resources under the present‐day and future climate conditions in Messara valley in Crete. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Integrative metabolome and transcriptome profiling reveals discordant energetic stress between mouse strains with differential sensitivity to acrolein‐induced acute lung injury
Authors: Fabisiak James P. , Medvedovic Mario , Alexander Danny C. , McDunn Jonathan E. , Concel Vincent J. , Bein Kiflai , Jang An Soo , Berndt Annerose , Vuga Louis J. , Brant Kelly A. , Pope‐Varsalona Hannah , Dopico Richard A. , Ganguly Koustav , Upadhyay Swapna , Li Qian , Hu Zhen , Kaminski Naftali , Leikauf George D. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractScope: This investigation sought to better understand the metabolic role of the lung and to generate insights into the pathogenesis of acrolein‐induced acute lung injury. A respiratory irritant, acrolein is generated by overheating cooking oils or by domestic cooking using biomass fuels, and is in environmental tobacco smoke, a health hazard in the restaurant workplace.Methods and results: Using SM/J (sensitive) and 129X1/SvJ (resistant) inbred mouse strains, the lung metabolome was integrated with the transcriptome profile before and after acrolein exposure. A total of 280 small molecules were identified and mean values (log 2 >0.58 or <−0.58, p<0.05) were considered different for between‐strain comparisons or within‐strain responses to acrolein treatment. At baseline, 24 small molecules increased and 33 small molecules decreased in the SM/J mouse lung as compared to 129X1/SvJ mouse lung. Notable among the increased compounds was malonylcarnitine. Following acrolein exposure, several molecules indicative of glycolysis and branched chain amino acid metabolism increased similarly in both strains, whereas SM/J mice were less effective in generating metabolites related to fatty acid β‐oxidation.Conclusion: These findings suggest management of energetic stress varies between these strains, and that the ability to evoke auxiliary energy generating pathways rapidly and effectively may be critical in enhancing survival during acute lung injury in mice.
DFT studies of ESR parameters for NO centered radicals, N‐alkoxyaminyl and aminoxyl radicals
Authors: Tanaka Akio , Nakashima Kouichi 
Published: August 2011

AbstractTheoretical calculations of ESR parameters for aminoxyl radicals have been widely studied using the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. However, the isomer N‐alkoxyaminyl radicals have been limitedly studied. With the use of experimental data for 46 N‐alkoxyaminyl and 38 aminoxyl radicals, the isotropic 14N hyperfine coupling constants (aN) and g‐factors have been theoretically estimated by several DFT calculations. The best calculation scheme of aN for N‐alkoxyaminyl radicals was PCM/B3LYP/6‐31 + + G(d,p) (R2 = 0.9519, MAE = 0.034 mT), and that for aminoxyl radicals was PCM/BHandHLYP/6‐31 + + G(3df,3pd) (R2 = 0.9336, MAE = 0.057 mT). For aminoxyl radicals, the solvation models in calculations enhanced the accuracy of reproducibility. In contrast, for N‐alkoxyaminyl radicals the calculations with solvation models provided no improvement. The differences in the best functionals between two types of radicals were thought to come from the contribution ratios of neutral and dipolar canonical structures in resonance forms. The aN for N‐alkoxyaminyl radicals that were stabilized by small contribution of dipolar canonical structures could be precisely reproduced by B3LYP with only 20% HF exact exchange. In contrast, the aN for aminoxyl radicals stabilized by large contribution of dipolar canonical structures was well reproduced by BHandHLYP with 50% HF exchange. The best calculation scheme of g‐factors was IEFPCM/B3LYP/6‐31 + G(d,p) (R2 = 0.9767, MAE = 0.0001) for not only aminoxyl but also N‐alkoxyaminyl radicals. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On multiple alternating steady states induced by periodic spin phase perturbation waveforms
Authors: Buračas Giedrius T. , Jung Youngkyoo , Lee Jongho , Buxton Richard B. , Wong Eric C. , Liu Thomas T. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractDirect measurement of neural currents by means of MRI can potentially open a high temporal resolution (10–100 ms) window applicable for monitoring dynamics of neuronal activity without loss of the high spatial resolution afforded by MRI. Previously, we have shown that the alternating balanced steady state imaging affords high sensitivity to weak periodic currents owing to its amplification of periodic spin phase perturbations. This technique, however, requires precise synchronization of such perturbations to the radiofrequency pulses. Herein, we extend alternating balanced steady state imaging to multiple balanced alternating steady states for estimation of neural current waveforms. Simulations and phantom experiments show that the off‐resonance profile of the multiple alternating steady state signal carries information about the frequency content of driving waveforms. In addition, the method is less sensitive than alternating balanced steady state to precise waveform timing relative to radiofrequency pulses. Thus, multiple alternating steady state technique is potentially applicable to MR imaging of the waveforms of periodic neuronal activity. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Quantitative assessment of the effects of high‐permittivity pads in 7 Tesla MRI of the brain
Authors: Teeuwisse Wouter M. , Brink Wyger M. , Webb Andrew G. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe use of high‐permittivity materials has been shown to be an effective method for increasing transmit and receive sensitivity in areas of low‐signal intensity in the brain at high field. Results in this article show that the use of these materials does not increase the intercoil coupling for a phased array receive coil, does not have any detrimental effects on the B0 homogeneity within the brain, and does not affect the specific absorption rate distribution within the head. Areas of the brain close to the pads exhibit significant increases (>100%) in transmit field efficiency, but areas further away show a less pronounced (∼10%) decrease due to the homogenization of the transmit field and the loss introduced by the dielectric pads. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Increased serum nerve growth factor levels in patients with overactive bladder syndrome refractory to antimuscarinic therapy
Authors: Liu Hsin‐Tzu , Lin Heng , Kuo Hann‐Chorng 
Published: August 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the serum nerve growth factor (NGF) and urinary NGF levels in patients with overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) refractory to antimuscarinic therapy.Materials and MethodsThirty‐four patients with OAB (17 OAB‐dry and 17 OAB‐wet) and 31 normal subjects were enrolled. The patients were diagnosed to have OAB based on symptoms of urgency with/without urgency incontinence and 3‐day voiding diary. All OAB patients had been treated with previous antimuscarinic therapy for at least 3 months but had failed. Serum and urine were collected at baseline and after solifenacin treatment for 3 months. The serum NGF and urinary NGF levels were compared between OAB‐dry and OAB‐wet and between baseline and after solifenacin treatment.ResultsSerum NGF levels were significantly elevated in OAB (median and interquartile range, 7.367 pg/ml, 0–57.66) compared to the controls (0.0728 pg/ml, 0–0.234, P < 0.001). Urinary NGF/Cr levels were significantly elevated in patients with OAB (0.685 pg/mg, 0.08–1.94) compared to the controls (0.005 pg/mg, 0–0.0275, P < 0.001). Serum NGF levels were significantly correlated with urinary NGF (P = 0.002) and NGF/Cr levels (P < 0.001) in OAB patients. There was no significant difference of serum NGF levels between OAB‐dry and OAB‐wet. The serum and urinary NGF levels remained unchanged (P = 0.504 and 0.414, respectively) in OAB patients after solifenacin therapy. The serum NGF levels were highly correlated between baseline and after solifenacin treatment (R2 = 0.83, P < 0.001).ConclusionsIncreased serum and urinary NGF levels in patients with OAB refractory to antimuscarinic treatment suggest these bladder disorders might be caused by chronic inflammation. Neurourol. Urodynam. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30: 1525–1529, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A comparative analysis of pediatric uroflowmetry curves
Authors: Vijverberg Marianne A.W. , Klijn Aart J. , Rabenort Ad , Bransen Jeroen , Kok Esther T. , Wingens Johanna P.M. , de Jong Tom P.V.M. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractAimsThis study was conducted to try to objectify assessment of pediatric uroflowmetry curves.Materials and MethodsNine professionals in pediatric incontinence care judged 480 pediatric uroflows. On a 1–5 scale, where 1 = anomalous and 5 = normal, uroflows were assessed on four items: staccato, interrupted, flow time and obstruction. Eighty uroflows were re‐evaluated for intra‐observer agreement. After staccato and interrupted flow had been defined more sharply, another 100 uroflows were analyzed. Cohen's Kappa test for nominally classified data was applied to assess agreement. Kappa value of <0.20 denoted poor agreement, 0.21–0.40 fair, 0.41–0.60 moderate, 0.61–0.80 substantial and 0.81–1.0 perfect or almost perfect agreement. A second analysis was done using a 3 point scale, anomalous, intermediate and normal.ResultsFor interobserver agreement, Kappas were 0.45 for staccato flow, 0.67 for interrupted, 0.59 for flow time, and 0.66 for obstruction. For intra‐observer agreement, Kappas were 0.47 for staccato, 0.65 for interrupted, 0.55 for flow time, and 0.65 for obstruction. On a three‐point scale, anomalous, intermediate, and normal, interobserver agreement was equal to 0.80 or above. In the second 100 uroflows, the interobserver agreement Kappas were 0.44 for staccato, 0.95 for interrupted, 0.71 for flow time and 0.73 for obstruction.ConclusionModerate to substantial agreement on uroflowmetry curves can be reached, except for staccato. Agreement increases if staccato and interrupted flows are defined more sharply. Staccato is defined as three or more peaks and troughs of more than the square root of maximal flow without touching 0, whereas interrupted flow needs at least one 0 passage. In a normal, uninterrupted uroflow, flow time is under 15 sec. Neurourol. Urodynam. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30: 1576–1579, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Lost to follow‐up in high level evidence‐based studies related to the surgical management of lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic enlargement: Does it matter?
Authors: Ou Rubiao , Zimmern P. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractAimsA contemporary review of the literature on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) for lost to follow‐up (LTF) rate was performed to evaluate the significance of LTF in the surgical management of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic enlargement (BPE).MethodsRandomized clinical trials (RCT level I) on the surgical treatment of LUTS secondary to BPE, with at least 12‐month follow‐up, from 1/1995 to 10/2010 were searched on PUBMED. Data reviewed included types of study, number of participating centers or hospitals, sample size calculation, surgical techniques, power calculation, estimated dropout rate, duration of follow‐up, rate and reasons for LTF.ResultsForty‐eight RCT articles were identified. Eleven articles gave details on sample size calculation, and 13 explained their LTF rate after reaching LTF patients by mail or telephone. Percentages of LTF patients were 12% (492/4202) at 12 months in 39 articles, 21% (398/1891) at 24 months in 16 articles, 33% (485/1479) at 36 months in 11 articles, 41% (283/694) at 48 months in 6 articles, and 56% (409/729) at ≥60 months in 6 articles. Fifteen articles reported no missing data, mostly because of small sample size or short follow‐up. Only 7 articles defined LTF patients as treatment failure and reported outcomes accordingly.ConclusionsThe increase in LTF rate over time compromises the strength of the conclusions from the leftover patient population. Only 15% of RCTs adhered to the CONSORT statement by considering their LTF patients as treatment failures. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30: 1416–1421, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Systemic administration of fluorogold for anatomical pre‐labeling of autonomic and motor neurons in the rat spinal cord compromises urodynamic recordings in acute but not long‐term studies
Authors: Chang Huiyi H. , Havton Leif A. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractAimsThe use of anatomical tracer injections into peripheral tissues for retrograde labeling of spinal cord neurons may compromise physiological experiments in combined functional and morphological studies.MethodsWe investigated whether a systemic injection of a retrogradely transported tracer, fluorogold (FG), may provide an alternative to direct injections into end organs for combined anatomical and physiological studies of the lower urinary tract. Urodynamic studies including cystometrogram recordings and external urethral sphincter electromyography were used as functional outcome measures.ResultsPre‐labeling of spinal cord neurons by intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of FG resulted in a transient decrease in voiding efficiency, increase in resting pressure as well as increase in bladder size and weight at 5–7 days after the tracer administration. In contrast, there were no urodynamic or end‐organ effects detected at 6–8 weeks after the i.p. injection of FG.ConclusionsWe suggest that pre‐labeling of spinal autonomic and motor neurons using i.p. administration of FG may be a useful tool when combining anatomical and functional outcome measures in long‐term but not acute studies. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:162–167, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Patient reported incontinence after radical prostatectomy is more common than expected and not associated with the nerve sparing technique: Results from the center for prostate disease research (CPDR) database
Authors: Peterson Andrew C. , Chen Yongmei 
Published: August 2011

AbstractAimsThe reported incidence of urinary incontinence (UI) after radical prostatectomy (RP) ranges from 2.5 to 87%. We reviewed data from the Center for Prostate Disease Research (CPDR) to determine the incidence of patient reported UI after RP (postRPUI) and establish risk factors for postRPUI.MethodsWe obtained IRB approval to query the CPDR database on all patients undergoing RP between 1990 and 2007. We assessed patient age, nerve sparing status, blood loss, margin status, stage, and patient self‐reported incontinence status as entered into the database. Patients were counted as having UI only if the database showed patient reported UI in every follow‐up encounter. Patients were counted as permanently dry if at any time in the follow‐up they answered that they had no UI.ResultsFour thousand three hundred seventy four patients underwent RP without radiation therapy or hormonal ablation between 1990 and 2007. Complete data were available for 1,616 (37%) and 1,459 (90.3%) reported UI more than 1 year after RP with a median follow‐up of 50.7 months. Older age is an independent risk factor for UI (OR = 1.021, P ≤ 0.0003). Nerve sparing, blood loss, stage of cancer, and margin status were not predictive for UI.ConclusionsOur data indicate that patient reported post‐RPUI is higher than expected but is not related to the nerve sparing technique, stage of cancer nor blood loss at the time of surgery. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:60–63, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Overactive bladder in Taiwanese women: Re‐analysis of epidemiological database of community from 1999 to 2001
Authors: Chen Y.C. , Ng S.C. , Chen S.L. , Huang Y.H. , Hu S.W. , Chen G.D. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractAimsTo update our previous computerized epidemiological data according to the new taxonomy, we re‐evaluated and re‐analyzed the data using the current definitions of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) which were approved and published by the ICS in 2002 and 2010 according to patient perception. Further, we divided overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms into OAB dry and OAB wet to assess their prevalence percentages by using the current definitions.MethodsOAB syndrome in our computerized database was re‐defined as having the following storage symptoms present, that is, frequency, urgency, nocturia, urgency incontinence, or stress urinary incontinence (SUI). The prevalence of OAB syndrome was determined with a different taxonomy for those five storage symptoms either singly or in combination. OAB symptoms which were probably associated with mixed incontinence were either ignored or excluded.ResultsThe prevalence of OAB syndrome varied from 34.76% to 28.33% to 20.95% using different classifications of the above five storage symptoms. The prevalence of OAB wet symptoms increased with advancing age and this finding was consistent with three different definitions.ConclusionsThe prevalence of OAB using the current definition is slightly higher than the result found in our previous published data using a defective classification system of OAB symptoms. The effects of mixed symptoms and probable misclassification cannot be overlooked because many women with OAB (with or without urgency incontinence) might also have SUI. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:56–59, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A topological optimization approach for structural design of a high‐speed low‐load mechanism using the equivalent static loads method
Authors: Yang Zhi‐Jun , Chen Xin , Kelly Robert 
Published: August 2011

SUMMARYIn high‐speed low‐load mechanisms, the principal loads are the inertial forces caused by the high accelerations and velocities. Hence, mechanical design should consider lightweight structures to minimize such loads. In this paper, a topological optimization method is presented on the basis of the equivalent static loads method. Finite element (FE) models of the mechanism in different positions are constructed, and the equivalent loads are obtained using flexible multibody dynamics simulation. Kinetic DOFs are used to simulate the motion joints, and a quasi‐static analysis is performed to obtain the structural responses. The element sensitivity is calculated according to the static‐load‐equivalent equilibrium, in such a way that the influence on the inertial force is considered. A dimensionless component sensitivity factor (strain energy caused by unit load divided by kinetic energy from unit velocity) is used, which quantifies the significance of each element. Finally, the topological optimization approach is presented on the basis of the evolutionary structural optimization method, where the objective is to find the maximum ratio of strain energy to kinetic energy. In order to show the efficiency of the presented method, we presented two numerical cases. The results of these analyses show that the presented method is more efficient and can be easily implemented in commercial FE analysis software. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A numerical scheme for the one‐dimensional pressureless gases system
Authors: Boudin Laurent , Mathiaud Julien 
Published: August 2011

AbstractIn this work, we investigate the numerical approximation of the one‐dimensional pressureless gases system. After briefly recalling the mathematical framework of the duality solutions introduced by Bouchut and James (Comm. Partial Differential Equations 24 (1999), 2173–2189), we point out that the upwind scheme for density and momentum does not satisfy the one‐sided Lipschitz (OSL) condition on the expansion rate required for the duality solutions. Then we build a diffusive scheme which allows the OSL condition to be recovered by following the strategy described by Boudin (SIAM J Math Anal 32 (2000), 172–193) for the continuous model. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2011
Evidence of Trephinations among the Garamantes, a Late Holocene Saharan Population
Authors: Nikita E. , Lahr M. M. , Mattingly D. 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTThe current communication examines three male individuals who belonged to the Garamantian civilisation, Fezzan, Libya. The individuals have been dated to ad 1–700 and exhibit signs of perforations on their crania, which appear to represent trephinations. The sophistication of the practice and its successful execution, as evidenced by traces of healing, indicate that the Garamantes possessed the knowledge of complex surgical procedures. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.