bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopic and Molecular Docking Investigations on the Interaction of Rutin with Bovine Serum Albumin
Authors: Jhonsi M. Asha , Selvaraj S. , Paramaguru G. , Venuvanalingam P. , Renganathan R. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractRutin is an anticancer herbal drug. The interaction between rutin and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied by using absorption, steady-state, time resolved and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopic techniques. The results of fluorescence titration revealed that rutin could strongly quench the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA through a static quenching process. The binding constant and number of binding sites of rutin with BSA were obtained by fluorescence quenching method. The distance between donor and acceptor is calculated according to Förster's non-radiative energy transfer theory. The results of synchronous fluorescence spectra showed that the binding of rutin with BSA can induce conformational changes in BSA and it was further confirmed by docking studies. Molecular docking of rutin with BSA indicated that it docked close to Trp 212, which is present within the hydrophobic subdomain. In addition, the effect of metal ions on the binding constants of BSA⋯rutin complex has also been discussed.
Femtosecond Coherence Spectroscopic Study of the Onset of Chemical Denaturation of Myoglobin upon Addition of Minor Amounts of Urea
Authors: Meyer-Ilse Julia , Akimov Denis , Dietzek Benjamin 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe interaction of urea with myoglobin, as a benchmark system for heme-containing proteins, is studiedviafemtosecond coherence spectroscopy. The work focuses on the effect of urea on the appearance of low-wavenumber oscillations, which are a measure of the geometrical structure of the heme group and its interaction with the polypeptide chain. Pursuing this approach, structural alterations (i.e.changes in the vibrational dynamics of the heme group) are detected at denaturant concentrations below the full denaturation limit of 6 M urea for myoglobin. In particular, the low-wavenumber oscillation associated with the heme-doming (i.e.the out-off-plane vibration of the propyrin macrocycle) is found to appear spectrally shifted with a concentration of only 3 M urea. These results suggest that the local environment around the heme is already altered despite the fact that macroscopic unfolding as manifested in the thermodynamic properties of the polypeptide chain is not complete at these urea concentrations.
Development and Validation of the Japanese Version of Organization‐Based Self‐Esteem Scale
Authors: Matsuda Yoriko , Pierce Jon L. , Ishikawa Rie 
Published: April 2011

Development and Validation of the Japanese Version of Organization‐Based Self‐Esteem Scale: Yoriko Matsuda, et al. Health Psychology and Welfare Research Institute, J. F. Oberlin University—ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to validate a Japanese version of the organization‐based self‐esteem (OBSE) scale, a positive self‐concept that has been proven to play an important role in predicting employees' work attitudes and behaviors primarily in a Western organizational setting.MethodsTwo independent ield studies, Study One and Study Two, involving 1,562 Japanese employees from a variety of organizations were conducted by employing a web‐based questionnaire.ResultsIn Study One, initial evidence for the factorial validity of an eight‐item, single factor scale, with high internal consistency (0.93 and 0.88 for Sample 1 and Sample 2, respectively) and test‐retest reliability (r=0.84) was provided. In Study Two, the eight‐factor structure was replicated and multiple‐group conirmatory factor analysis (CFA) demonstrated measurement invariance across two samples. In addition, a series of CFA demonstrated that the Japanese OBSE is a distinct construct from global self‐esteem, job complexity and work engagement. Furthermore, the nomological validity evidence was demonstrated through structural equation modeling.ConclusionsThe Japanese OBSE scale is presented as a psychometrically sound measure that can contribute to furthering substantive OBSE research.
Relationship between Receiving a Workplace Oral Health Examination Including Oral Health Instruction and Oral Health Status in the Japanese Adult Population
Authors: Oshikohji Tadaaki , Shimazaki Yoshihiro , Shinagawa Takashi , Fukui Nao , Akifusa Sumio , Hirata Yukio , Yamashita Yoshihisa 
Published: April 2011

Relationship between Receiving a Workplace Oral Health Examination Including Oral Health Instruction and Oral Health Status in the Japanese Adult Population: Tadaaki Oshikohji, et al. Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science—ObjectivesDental caries and periodontal disease are highly prevalent in the Japanese adult population. Oral examination is an effective method to ind various oral health problems in their early stages. However, workplace oral examination is not common in Japan. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between receiving workplace oral health examination, including oral health instruction, and oral health status in the Japanese adult population.MethodsThis study was performed using data from 4,484 Japanese employees aged 35–74 yr. The proportion of teeth with a probing depth (PD) ≥4 mm and the number of decayed teeth were used for periodontal disease and dental caries parameters. The subjects were asked by questionnaire about past experiences with workplace oral health examination.ResultsThe subjects who Received a workplace oral health examination every year had better periodontal health status than those receiving an examination for the irst time. The odds ratio for having ≥10% of teeth with PD ≥4 mm in the subjects who Received workplace oral health examination every year was 0.63 (p<0.05) after adjustment for age, sex, smoking habits, tooth brushing habits, routine visits to dental clinics, number of missing teeth, and oral hygiene status, in a multivariate, multinomial logistic regression analysis. On the other hand, no significant relationship was found between workplace oral health examination and number of decayed teeth.ConclusionsThese results suggest that workplace oral health examination accompanied by oral health instruction may be effective for maintenance of periodontal health.
Phase Transformations of Nanocrystalline Martensitic Materials
Authors: Waitz T. , Tsuchiya K. , Antretter T. , Fischer F.D. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe physical phenomena and engineering applications of martensitic phase transformations are the focus of intense ongoing research. The martensitic phase transformation and functional properties such as the shape-memory effect and superelasticity are strongly affected by the crystal size at the nanoscale. The current state of research on the impact of crystal size on the phase stability of the martensite is reviewed summarizing experimental results of various nanostructured martensitic materials and discussing the corresponding theoretical approaches. The review outlines the effects of crystal size on the complex morphology of the martensite, leading to interface structures not encountered in coarse-grained bulk materials. The unique shape-memory properties of martensitic materials can persist even at the nanoscale. Nanocrystalline martensitic materials can be processed to obtain tailored functional properties in combination with enhanced strength. Structural changes of metallic nanowires are similar to those arising by martensitic phase transformations and also can lead to shape-memory effects, as predicted by atomistic simulations.
Phase Transitions in Nanoscale Ferroelectric Structures
Authors: Streiffer S.K. , Fong D.D. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractOver decades of effort, investigations of the intrinsic phase transition behavior of nanoscale ferroelectric structures have been greatly complicated by materials processing variations and by the common and uncontrolled occurrence of spacecharge, which interacts directly with the polarization and can obscure fundamental behavior. These challenges have largely been overcome, and great progress in understanding the details of this class of phase transitions has been made, largely based on advances in the growth of high-quality, epitaxial ferroelectric films and in the theory and simulation of ferroelectricity. Here we will discuss recent progress in understanding the ferroelectric phase transition in a particular class of model systems: nanoscale perovskite thin-film heterostructures. The outlook for ferroelectric technology based on these results is promising, and extensions to laterally confined nanostructures will be described.
Survival of Patients with Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia: Comparisons of Estimates from Clinical Trial Settings and Population-Based Cancer Registries
Authors: Pulte Dianne , Gondos Adam , Redaniel Maria Theresa , Brenner Hermann 
Published: April 2011

Abstract

Introduction.
The survival of patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) has improved during the past decades. However, there have been discrepancies between results reported from clinical trials and population-based studies. We aimed to elucidate the extent of these discrepancies.

Methods.
We examined the 5-year survival rate of patients in clinical trials of CML treatment and compared these results with the survival of patients in the general population using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, correcting for differences in the age structure of the patient populations.

Results.
Twenty-nine trials were identified for data extraction. The survival rate calculated from SEER data was lower than the survival rate in clinical trials in the corresponding period, with differences of 2.1%–50.7%. Age-adapted survival was similar for four trials, but differences up to 35.8% were seen in most. Limitations of the study include the lack of information on chemotherapy in the SEER database and possible heterogeneity of cases.

Discussion.
The survival rate in clinical trials of CML treatment is higher than the survival rate of all patients with CML. We speculate that the difference may be a result of access to better medications, selection of healthier patients for trials, and the time necessary for adoption of new treatments. This finding underscores the need for population-based studies to give a more realistic idea of survival for patients with a given malignancy in the general population.
Quantity, Design, and Scope of the Palliative Oncology Literature
Authors: Hui David , Parsons Henrique A. , Damani Shamsha , Fulton Stephanie , Liu Jun , Evans Avery , De La Cruz Maxine , Bruera Eduardo 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe current state of the palliative oncology literature is unclear. We examined and compared the quantity, research design, and research topics of palliative oncology publications in the first 6 months of 2004 with the first 6 months of 2009. We systematically searched MEDLINE, PsychInfo, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, and CINAHL for original studies, review articles, and systematic reviews related to “palliative care” and “cancer” during the first 6 months of 2004 and 2009. Two physicians reviewed the literature independently and coded the study characteristics with high inter-rater reliability. We found a consistent decrease in the proportion of oncology studies related to palliative care between 2004 and 2009, despite an absolute increase in the total number of palliative oncology studies. Combining the two time periods, the most common original study designs were case report/series, cross-sectional studies, and qualitative studies. Randomized controlled trials comprised 6% of all original studies. The most common topics were physical symptoms, health services research, and psychosocial issues. Communication, decision making, spirituality, education, and research methodologies all represented &lt;5% of the literature. Comparing 2004 with 2009, we found an increase in the proportion of original studies among all palliative oncology publications but no significant difference in study design or research topic. We identified significant deficiencies in the quantity, design, and scope of the palliative oncology literature. Further effort and resources are necessary to improve the evidence base for this important field.
Determinants of Disclosure Noncompliance and the Effect of the SEC Review: Evidence from the 2006 Mandated Compensation Disclosure Regulations
Authors: Robinson John R. , Xue Yanfeng , Yu Yong 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACT
We investigate the economic forces that influence noncompliance with mandatory compensation disclosures and the effect of a subsequent focused enforcement action. We utilize SEC evaluations of compensation disclosures mandated by rules adopted in 2006 to examine whether noncompliance is associated with excess CEO compensation, proprietary costs, or previous media attention. We further test whether subsequent CEO compensation declines after the SEC publicly identifies noncompliance. We construct measures of defective disclosures from SEC critiques and find that disclosure defects are positively associated with excess CEO compensation and media criticism of CEO compensation during the previous year. We find no evidence supporting the contention that compensation disclosure defects are associated with proprietary costs. Furthermore, we are unable to document that the level of disclosure defects identified by the SEC is associated with a reduction in excess CEO compensation in the subsequent year.
Data Availability: Data are available from public sources identified in the paper.
JEL Classifications: M52, G32, G38.
Relative Firm Profitability and Stock Return Sensitivity to Industry-Level News
Authors: Hao Shengquan , Jin Qinglu , Zhang Guochang 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACT
This study provides theory and evidence to demonstrate how relative firm profitability within an industry affects stock return sensitivity to industry-level news. Extending the Cournot and Bertrand competition models, we predict that (1) the returns of less profitable firms in an industry are more sensitive to industry-level news than those of more profitable firms, and that (2) this inverse relation between relative profitability and return sensitivity is more pronounced when there is positive rather than negative industry news, especially in industries with high (versus low) capital intensity. Using industry returns to proxy for industry-level news, we obtain empirical results consistent with these predictions. We further find that the two fundamental factors that contribute to profitability—cost efficiency and market share—each exhibit an effect similar to that of relative profitability in affecting return sensitivity. Our results remain unchanged after controlling for stock price movements attributable to common risk factors and firm-specific accounting information, and they hold over a range of robustness tests.
Internal Control Disclosures, Monitoring, and the Cost of Debt
Authors: Dhaliwal Dan , Hogan Chris , Trezevant Robert , Wilkins Michael 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACT
We test the relationship between the change in a firm's cost of debt and the disclosure of a material weakness in an initial Section 404 report. We find that, on average, a firm's credit spread on its publicly traded debt marginally increases if it discloses a material weakness. We also examine the impact of monitoring by credit rating agencies and/or banks on this result and find that the result is more pronounced for firms that are not monitored. Additional analysis indicates that the effect of bank monitoring appears to be the primary driver of these monitoring results. This finding is consistent with the argument that banks are effective delegated monitors for the debt market. The results of this study suggest the need for future research, particularly to test the differential effects of monitoring on the cost of debt compared to the cost of equity.
O-GlcNAcylation Increases ChREBP Protein Content and Transcriptional Activity in the Liver
Authors: Guinez Céline , Filhoulaud Gaëlle , Rayah-Benhamed Fadila , Marmier Solenne , Dubuquoy Céline , Dentin Renaud , Moldes Marthe , Burnol Anne-Françoise , Yang Xiaoyong , Lefebvre Tony , Girard Jean , Postic Catherine 
Published: April 2011

OBJECTIVE
Carbohydrate-responsive element–binding protein (ChREBP) is a key transcription factor that mediates the effects of glucose on glycolytic and lipogenic genes in the liver. We have previously reported that liver-specific inhibition of ChREBP prevents hepatic steatosis in ob/ob mice by specifically decreasing lipogenic rates in vivo. To better understand the regulation of ChREBP activity in the liver, we investigated the implication of O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc or O-GlcNAcylation), an important glucose-dependent posttranslational modification playing multiple roles in transcription, protein stabilization, nuclear localization, and signal transduction.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
O-GlcNAcylation is highly dynamic through the action of two enzymes: the O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), which transfers the monosaccharide to serine/threonine residues on a target protein, and the O-GlcNAcase (OGA), which hydrolyses the sugar. To modulate ChREBPOG in vitro and in vivo, the OGT and OGA enzymes were overexpressed or inhibited via adenoviral approaches in mouse hepatocytes and in the liver of C57BL/6J or obese db/db mice.

RESULTS
Our study shows that ChREBP interacts with OGT and is subjected to O-GlcNAcylation in liver cells. O-GlcNAcylation stabilizes the ChREBP protein and increases its transcriptional activity toward its target glycolytic (L-PK) and lipogenic genes (ACC, FAS, and SCD1) when combined with an active glucose flux in vivo. Indeed, OGT overexpression significantly increased ChREBPOG in liver nuclear extracts from fed C57BL/6J mice, leading in turn to enhanced lipogenic gene expression and to excessive hepatic triglyceride deposition. In the livers of hyperglycemic obese db/db mice, ChREBPOG levels were elevated compared with controls. Interestingly, reducing ChREBPOG levels via OGA overexpression decreased lipogenic protein content (ACC, FAS), prevented hepatic steatosis, and improved the lipidic profile of OGA-treated db/db mice.

CONCLUSIONS
Taken together, our results reveal that O-GlcNAcylation represents an important novel regulation of ChREBP activity in the liver under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
Epigenetic Gene Promoter Methylation at Birth Is Associated With Child’s Later Adiposity
Authors: Godfrey Keith M. , Sheppard Allan , Gluckman Peter D. , Lillycrop Karen A. , Burdge Graham C. , McLean Cameron , Rodford Joanne , Slater-Jefferies Joanne L. , Garratt Emma , Crozier Sarah R. , Emerald B. Starling , Gale Catharine R. , Inskip Hazel M. , Cooper Cyrus , Hanson Mark A. 
Published: April 2011

OBJECTIVE
Fixed genomic variation explains only a small proportion of the risk of adiposity. In animal models, maternal diet alters offspring body composition, accompanied by epigenetic changes in metabolic control genes. Little is known about whether such processes operate in humans.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Using Sequenom MassARRAY we measured the methylation status of 68 CpGs 5′ from five candidate genes in umbilical cord tissue DNA from healthy neonates. Methylation varied greatly at particular CpGs: for 31 CpGs with median methylation ≥5% and a 5–95% range ≥10%, we related methylation status to maternal pregnancy diet and to child’s adiposity at age 9 years. Replication was sought in a second independent cohort.

RESULTS
In cohort 1, retinoid X receptor-α (RXRA) chr9:136355885+ and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) chr7:150315553+ methylation had independent associations with sex-adjusted childhood fat mass (exponentiated regression coefficient [β] 17% per SD change in methylation [95% CI 4–31], P = 0.009, n = 64, and β = 20% [9–32], P &lt; 0.001, n = 66, respectively) and %fat mass (β = 10% [1–19], P = 0.023, n = 64 and β =12% [4–20], P = 0.002, n = 66, respectively). Regression analyses including sex and neonatal epigenetic marks explained &gt;25% of the variance in childhood adiposity. Higher methylation of RXRA chr9:136355885+, but not of eNOS chr7:150315553+, was associated with lower maternal carbohydrate intake in early pregnancy, previously linked with higher neonatal adiposity in this population. In cohort 2, cord eNOS chr7:150315553+ methylation showed no association with adiposity, but RXRA chr9:136355885+ methylation showed similar associations with fat mass and %fat mass (β = 6% [2–10] and β = 4% [1–7], respectively, both P = 0.002, n = 239).

CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest a substantial component of metabolic disease risk has a prenatal developmental basis. Perinatal epigenetic analysis may have utility in identifying individual vulnerability to later obesity and metabolic disease.
Kinematic Analysis of the Take-Off and Start of the Early Flight Phase on a Large Hill (HS-134 m) during the 2009 Nordic World Ski Championships
Authors: Janura Miroslav , Cabell Lee , Svoboda Zdenek , Elfmark Milan , Zahalka Frantisek 
Published: April 2011

Kinematic Analysis of the Take-Off and Start of the Early Flight Phase on a Large Hill (HS-134 m) during the 2009 Nordic World Ski Championships
The take-off is often considered the most significant and difficult phase of a ski jump. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare three groups of ski jumpers representing different skill levels during the execution of the take-off and start of the early flight phase in ski jumping. A total of 30 athletes, recruited from competitors performing ski jumps on an HS-134 m jumping hill, were categorized into three groups based on jump-length execution. Two-dimensional (2-D) kinematic data were collected from the lower extremities, trunk, and skis of the ski jumpers. Findings indicated that the ski jumpers with shorter jump length demonstrated significantly smaller in-run velocity (p < .05), while the elite and mediocre level ski jumpers exhibited a significantly faster shift of the thigh at the transition from take-off into the early flight of the jump (p < .05) than did the low-level ski jumpers. In addition, the centre of body mass (CoM) of the elite group shifted significantly more forward over the skis (p < .01) than did that of the other two groups. Finally, interindividual differences existed among ski jumpers at similar performance levels. The largest coefficients of variation (CVs) were found for the position changes of the trunk and shank behind the jumping hill edge.