bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increasing Radiation From Sentinel Node Specimens in Pathology Over Time
Authors: Renshaw Andrew A. , Kish Richard , Gould Edwin W. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Previous studies have recommended no special precautions for radiation when handling sentinel node specimens in the pathology laboratory. We reviewed 7 years of data concerning radioactivity in 2,902 sentinel node and primary resection specimens received in our pathology laboratory. The percentage of specimens with greater than background radiation (≥0.2 mrem/h) rose from 6.3% to 34.8% from 2003 to 2009 (P &lt; .001); specimens with more than 10 mrem/h rose from 0.0% to 9.3% (P &lt; .001). Four specimens were measured at 100 mrem/h. While mastectomy followed by skin excisions for melanoma were the most common specimens to have radiation more than 2.0 mrem/h (32.2% and 27.3%, respectively), this level of radiation was found in all types of cases examined. The radiation dose administered to individual patients for specimens with more than 30 mrem/h was significantly higher than a sample of specimens with less than 0.2 mrem/h (n = 25 each; median, 1.3 and 1.0 mCi, respectively; P = .02). While the higher level of radiation we found correlates with increasing administered dose of radiation, other factors may also have a role. Routine measurement of radioactivity for all sentinel node specimens in the pathology laboratory is recommended.
Thoughts and Acts of Aggression/Violence Toward Others Reported in Association with Varenicline
Authors: Moore Thomas J , Glenmullen Joseph , Furberg Curt D 
Published: July 2010

Background: Thoughts and acts of aggression/violence toward others have been reported in postmarketing surveillance of varenicline, an aid to smoking cessation. Objective: To identify the common characteristics of these thoughts and acts of aggression/violence toward others and assess the likely relationship to varenicline treatment. Methods: We obtained 78 adverse event reports from the Food and Drug Administration MedWatch database containing medical terms describing possible acts or thoughts of aggression/violence; 4 additional cases were reported in clinical trials, and 3 others came from the published literature. We used psychiatric diagnostic criteria and an adverse event causality assessment tool to identify 26 case reports for study. Results: The selected cases described 10 events with assault, 9 cases of homicidal ideation, and 7 cases of other thoughts or acts of aggression/violence. The most frequent common characteristics were (1) inexplicable and unprovoked event, (2) the victim was anyone nearby, (3) no indication of a prior history of similar behavior in the patient, and (4) early onset of psychiatric adverse effects, often before stopping smoking. Where dechaltenge/rechalfenge information was available, psychiatric adverse effects resolved in 13/14 (93%) cases after discontinuation. Conclusions: The clear temporal relationship, lack of prior history of this behavior, and unusual nature of these events strengthens the accumulating scientific evidence that varenicline is associated with thoughts and acts of aggression/violence. We recommend that physicians and pharmacists ensure that all patients are informed of possible psychiatric symptoms of varenicline, including violent and aggressive thoughts. All patients should be advised to contact a heafth-care provider immediately if these symptoms occur and varenicline should be discontinued without delay.
Hospital-specific calculation of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia costs: a review/Kalkulation der Kosten für eine Heparin-induzierte Thrombozytopenie (HIT) in Krankenhaüsern
Authors: Wilke Thomas , Greinacher Andreas 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Costs for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) should be considered for any assessment of the cost-effectiveness of a certain strategy of thrombosis prophylaxis in a hospital. Five recent studies analyzed the cost of HIT as primary outcome. These studies reported widely differing estimates for the costs of a HIT case, which might be largely related to the different methodological approaches. The most plausible HIT cost estimates range between €9,000 and €15,000 per case for European hospitals and US$30,000–45,000 per case for hospitals in the United States. The approximate threefold cost difference between Europe and the US is to some extent caused by the very different costs for certain interventions and treatments, i.e., they are dependent on the economic environment of the hospitals analyzed. Based on the assumption that clinical management of acute HIT does not differ substantially between different medical systems, we recently developed the HIT cost calculator (http://www.wi.hs-wismar.de/~ipam/html_neu/hittool.html) based on detailed analysis of additional resources required owing to the presence of HIT in 128 patients with clinical HIT. This tool offers interested hospitals a very transparent method to calculate their own HIT-related costs.
BRAF in primary and recurrent papillary thyroid cancers: the relationship with 131I and 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose uptake ability
Authors: Barollo Susi , Pennelli Gianmaria , Vianello Federica , Watutantrige Fernando Sara , Negro Isabella , Merante Boschin Isabella , Pelizzo Maria Rosa , Rugge Massimo , Mantero Franco , Nacamulli Davide , Girelli Maria Elisa , Busnardo Benedetto , Mian Caterina 
Published: July 2010

ObjectiveBRAF V600E is a potential marker of poor prognosis in papillary thyroid cancers (PTC). In a previous report, we showed that recurrent PTC with no radioiodine (131I) uptake are frequently associated with BRAF mutations, a low expression of thyroid-related genes and a high expression of glucose type-1 transporter gene.AimThe aim of the present study was to assess BRAF status in a large series of recurrent PTC patients, considering paired primary and recurrent cancers. The BRAF genotype was correlated with the ability to concentrate 131I and/or 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxi-d-glucose (18F-FDG) in the recurrent cancers, serum markers of recurrence, and patient outcome.Design and methodsWe studied 50 PTC patients with recurrent cervical disease submitted to a re-intervention, followed up in median for 9 years. BRAF analysis was conducted by direct sequencing and mutant allele-specific PCR amplification. In 18 cases, molecular analysis was also assessed in the primary cancer. Out of 50 patients, 30 underwent 18F-FDG-positron emission tomography–computed tomography.ResultsBRAF V600E-positive recurrent patients were found 131I-negative in 94% of cases (P<0.001); 73% of the cancers carrying BRAF V600E were both 131I-negative and 18F-FDG positive. In paired primary and recurrent PTC, BRAF V600E was observed in 79% of the primary cancers and 84% of their recurrences. Three patients with 131I-negative and BRAF V600E-positive recurrent cancers deceased during follow-up.ConclusionsBRAF mutations are more common in thyroid recurrences with no 131I uptake than in 131I-positive cases. They are correlated with the ability to concentrate 18F-FDG, and they can appear, albeit rarely, as a de novo event in the course of PTC recurrences.
A Drosophila Chromatin Factor Interacts With the Piwi-Interacting RNA Mechanism in Niche Cells to Regulate Germline Stem Cell Self-Renewal
Authors: Smulders-Srinivasan Tora K , Szakmary Akos , Lin Haifan 
Published: July 2010

AbstractStem cell research has been focused on niche signaling and epigenetic programming of stem cells. However, epigenetic programming of niche cells remains unexplored. We showed previously that Piwi plays a crucial role in Piwi-interacting RNA-mediated epigenetic regulation and functions in the niche cells to maintain germline stem cells (GSCs) in the Drosophila ovary. To investigate the epigenetic programming of niche cells by Piwi, we screened mutations in the Polycomb and trithorax group genes, and an enhancer of Polycomb and trithorax called corto, for their potential genetic interaction with piwi. corto encodes a chromatin protein. corto mutations restored GSC division in mutants of piwi and fs(1)Yb (Yb), a gene that regulates piwi expression in niche cells to maintain GSCs. Consistent with this, corto appears to be expressed in the niche cells and is not required in the germline. Furthermore, in corto-suppressed Yb mutants, the expression of hedgehog (hh) is restored in niche cells, which is likely responsible for corto suppression of the GSC and somatic stem cell defects of Yb mutants. These results reveal a novel epigenetic mechanism involving Corto and Piwi that defines the fate and signaling function of niche cells in maintaining GSCs.
Presence of Aspartate Aminotransferase in Peri-Implant Crevicular Fluid With and Without Mucositis
Authors: Sánchez-Pérez Arturo , Moya-Villaescusa María José , Caffesse Raúl Guillermo 
Published: July 2010

The aim of this study was to assess the presence of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in peri-implant crevicular fluid, with or without clinical signs of mucositis, to determine its predictive diagnostic value, sensitivity, and specificity. The AST levels were determined (at a threshold of 1200 µIU/mL) for 60 clinically successful implants in 25 patients with or without peri-implant mucositis. Samples were taken prior (AST1) to peri-implant probing with a manual constant-pressure probe (0.2 N) and 15 minutes after probing (AST2). Clinical assessments included radiographic determination of preexisting bone loss, probing, and the evaluation of mucositis, plaque, and bleeding upon probing. Analysis was performed at both the level of the implant and the patient as a unit. We detected a significant difference between AST1 and AST2 at both levels. A significant difference was observed at AST1 between implants that bled upon probing and those that did not. However, when we considered the patient as a unit, there were no significant differences. The plaque index was not significant at either level. AST1 had high specificity and positive predictive diagnostic value (80%) for bleeding upon probing. Probing induces a greater release of AST from inflamed tissues compared with healthy tissues in situ but not at the systemic level. At the implant level, the implant position could be responsible for this difference. Aspartate aminotransferase was a reliable predictor of patients with mucositis.
Efficacy and Safety of Oral Lactoferrin Supplementation in Combination with rHuEPO-β for the Treatment of Anemia in Advanced Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy: Open-Label, Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Macciò Antonio , Madeddu Clelia , Gramignano Giulia , Mulas Carlo , Sanna Eleonora , Mantovani Giovanni 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Advanced-stage cancer patients often suffer from anemia that closely resembles the anemia of chronic inflammatory diseases characterized by specific changes in iron homeostasis and absorption. i.v. iron improves the efficacy of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) in anemic cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. We report the results of an open-label, randomized, prospective trial aimed at testing the efficacy and safety of treatment with oral lactoferrin versus i.v. iron, both combined with rHuEPO, for the treatment of anemia in a population of 148 advanced cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. All patients received s.c. rHuEPO-β, 30,000 UI once weekly for 12 weeks, and were randomly assigned to ferric gluconate (125 mg i.v. weekly) or lactoferrin (200 mg/day). Both arms showed a significant hemoglobin increase. No difference in the mean hemoglobin increase or the hematopoietic response, time to hematopoietic response, or mean change in serum iron, C-reactive protein, or erythrocyte sedimentation rate were observed between arms. In contrast, ferritin decreased in the lactoferrin arm whereas it increased in the i.v. iron arm. In conclusion, these results show similar efficacy for oral lactoferrin and for i.v. iron, combined with rHuEPO, for the treatment of anemia in advanced cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Distributions, life‐history specialization, and phylogeny of the rain forest vertebrates in the Australian Wet Tropics
Authors: Williams S. E. , VanDerWal J. , Isaac J. , Shoo L. P. , Storlie C. , Fox S. , Bolitho E. E. , Moritz C. , Hoskin C. J. , Williams Y. M. 
Published: July 2010

The purpose of this data set was to compile distributional, general life‐history characteristics and phylogenies for Australian tropical rain forest vertebrates to inform a wide range of comparative studies on the determinants of biodiversity patterns and to assess the impacts of global climate change. We provide three distinct data sets: (1) a table of species‐specific distributional and life‐history traits for 242 vertebrate species found in the rain forests of the Australian Wet Tropics; (2) species distribution maps (GIS raster files) for 202 of the species displaying both the realized and potential distributions; and (3) phylogenies for these species. These species represent 93 birds, 31 amphibians, 31 mammals (including one monotreme), and 47 reptiles. Where information exists, the distributional and life‐history data compiled here present information on: indices of environmental specialization (ENFA), habitat specialization, average body mass and size, sexual dimorphism, reproductive characteristics such as age at first reproduction, clutch/litter size, number of reproductive bouts per year and breeding seasonality, longevity, time of day when most active, and dispersal ability; distributional characteristics such as range size (potential and realized for both total and core ranges) and observed ranges in temperature, precipitation, and elevation; and niche attributes such as environmental marginality and specialization. The distribution maps provided represent a combination of presence‐only ecological niche modeling (using MaxEnt) to estimate the potential distribution of a species followed by biogeographic clipping by expert opinion based on extensive field data and a subregional classification relevant to the topography and biogeographic history of the region to produce best‐possible estimates of the realized distribution. Our assemblage contains many species with a shared evolutionary history, and thus many analyses of these data will need to account for phylogeny. Although a comprehensive phylogeny with branch length information does not exist for this diverse group of species, we present a best‐estimate composite phylogeny constructed primarily from recently published molecular phylogenies of included groups.The complete data sets corresponding to abstracts published in the Data Papers section of the journal are published electronically in Ecological Archives at 〈http://esapubs.org/archive〉. (The accession number for each Data Paper is given directly beneath the title.)
The Influence of Grafting and Biostimulators on the Yield and Fruit Quality of Greenhouse Tomato CV. (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Grown in the Field
Authors: Gajc-Wolska Janina , Łyszkowska Mariola , Zielony Teresa 
Published: July 2010

The Influence of Grafting and Biostimulators on the Yield and Fruit Quality of Greenhouse Tomato CV. (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Grown in the Field
Four tomato cultivars Macarena F1, Faustine F1, Cathy F1 and Fanny F1 were used in the study. Seeds were sown at the end of March and transplants were grown in a greenhouse. The plants were grafted on Maxifort F1 rootstock on April 5, 6 and 21 in the years 2006, 2007, 2008 respectively without the use of biostimulators. In the case of the other combinations each year the following treatments with biostimulators were performed: watering with Goteo 0.1% solution (twice - 4 and 2 weeks before planting and three times after planting at three-week intervals), spraying with BM 86 0.1% solution (four times every three weeks starting at the blooming of first cluster). In the control combination plants were neither-nor grafted or treated with biostimulators. Plants were planted in the field at 70×100 cm spacing - 20 plants per plot. For the ripe fruits analyses the following parameters were determined: dry matter, total sugars, vitamin C, carotenoids and macroelements: N, P, K, Ca.
A higher total and marketable yield was obtained after grafting and Goteo treatments. There was a significant influence of grafting and the application of the biostimulators on the content of dry matter and total sugars, however, the highest content of vitamin C and carotenoids were obtained in the control. There was a slight increase of the content of nitrates and calcium in the fruit in the case of grafting and Goteo biostimulator watering treatments, whereas the highest content of potassium in the fruit was obtained in plants treated with BM 86 and phosphorus in the fruits from control combination plants.
The Effect of Foliar Nutrition with Nitrogen, Molybdenum, Sucrose and Benzyladenine on the Nitrogen Metabolism in Carrot Plants
Authors: Smoleń Sylwester , Sady Włodzimierz , Wojciechowska Renata 
Published: July 2010

The Effect of Foliar Nutrition with Nitrogen, Molybdenum, Sucrose and Benzyladenine on the Nitrogen Metabolism in Carrot Plants
The Kazan F1 carrot was cultivated in years 2004-2005 in open-work containers sized 60×40×20 cm filled in with silt loam and located on the open field under shade providing fabric. The following combinations of experiments were arranged: (1) control - without foliar nutrition, and foliar nutrition with: (2) urea, (3) solution of urea+Mo, (4) urea+Mo+BA (benzyladenine - BA), (5) urea+Mo+BA+sucrose, (6) BA in the concentration of 5 mg·dm-3 and (7) BA in the concentration of 10 mg·dm-3. In combinations 2-5 the following concentrations of components in solution were applied: urea and sucrose each in 20 g·dm-3, molybdenum 1 mg·dm-3, benzyladenine 5 mg·dm-3. Foliar nutrition was applied three times. In leaves sprayed with urea and with solution of urea+Mo as well as urea+Mo+BA, an increased concentration of NO3
- was observed when compared to other sites. Foliar nutrition did not result in any significant changes in content of N-total and dry weight in leaves. Foliar application of urea, as well as the solution of urea+Mo+BA, caused an increase in the activity of nitrate reductase (NR) in leaves when compared to the control. Whereas, after spraying the plants with BA only, a noticeable decline in NR activity was revealed in comparison with the control; interestingly, a higher concentration of BA (10 mg·dm-3) was more effective. Foliar nutrition with urea+Mo+BA+sucrose and spraying with benzyladenine only (independently from the concentration) resulted in a significant decrease of the content of NO3
- in storage roots when compared to other combinations. The highest level of nitrogen uptake by single storage root and leaves of one carrot plant was found after urea+Mo+BA+sucrose nutrition. In case of N uptake by yield of leaves and biological yield of whole carrot plants (roots+leaves) the highest values were observed in combination no. 6.
Sedimentation style of a Pleistocene kame terrace from the Western Sudety Mountains, S Poland
Authors: Pisarska-Jamroży Małgorzata , Machowiak Katarzyna , Krzyszkowski Dariusz 
Published: July 2010

Sedimentation style of a Pleistocene kame terrace from the Western Sudety Mountains, S PolandThe depositional conditions of kame terraces in a mountain valley were analysed sedimentologically and petrologically through a series of kame terraces in the Rudawy Janowickie mountains. The kame terraces comprise five lithofacies associations. Lithofacies association GRt, Sp originates from deposition in the high-energy, deep gravel-bed channel of a braided river. Lithofacies association GC represents a washed out glacial till. Probably a thin layer of till was washed out by sandy braided rivers (Sp). The fourth association (Fh, Fm) indicates a shallow and quite small glaciomarginal lake. The last association (GRt, GRp) indicates the return of deposition in a sandy-bed braided channel. The petrography of the Janowice Wiekie pit and measurements of cross-stratified beds indicate a palaeocurrent direction from N to S. The Janowice Wielkie sedimentary succession accumulated most probably during the Saalian (Odranian, Saale I, Drenthe) as the first phase of ice-sheet melting, because the kame terrace under study is the highest one, 25-27 m above the Bóbr river level. The deposits under study are dominated by local components. The proglacial streams flowed along the margin of the ice sheet and deposited the kame terrace. The majority of the sedimentary succession was deposited in a confined braided-river system in quite deep channels.
Preparing for Consultancy: Setting Up a New Psychiatry Service as an Advanced Trainee
Authors: Wand Anne , Orr Frances 
Published: July 2010

Objectives: The aim of this paper is to describe the experience of an advanced trainee establishing a new psychiatry service, and to demonstrate how such an activity is a viable option for advanced training and helps develop consultancy skills. A detailed description of this process is provided, with a particular focus on consultation, training issues, service evaluation and the challenges encountered. Conclusions: Involvement in establishing a new psychiatric service provides an advanced training experience which may prepare the trainee for consultancy by developing core skills such as communication, administration, leadership, teaching and experience in quality assurance.
Implementing Metabolic Risk Assessment in a Secondary Care Mental Health Service
Authors: Dunbar Lucy , Wheeler Amanda , Harrison Jeff , Brandt Theo , Pulford Justin , Condell Wanda , Stoepker Jeremy 
Published: July 2010

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe a metabolic risk assessment programme that was established by community mental health teams working within one locality of a District Health Board in Auckland. Conclusions: Physical health disparities between people with serious mental illness and the general population are of great concern. We have described a systematic way to engage with clients about the prevention of two important contributors to these disparities: cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Around 15% of all adult service users of the mental health service in the locality attended this metabolic risk assessment clinic in the first 12 months of its operation.
Barriers and Solutions to Implementing Metabolic Risk Assessment in a Secondary Mental Health Service
Authors: Dunbar Lucy , Brandt Theo , Wheeler Amanda , Harrison Jeff 
Published: July 2010

Objectives: The aim of this study is to understand the barriers and resulting solutions encountered by mental health service staff during the implementation of a metabolic risk assessment programme. Method: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were held with key programme staff. Thematic analysis was performed on the resulting data. Results: Barriers identified included an existing mindset that care of service users’ physical health is not part of Mental Health Service ‘core business’; the lack of processes that ensure consistent implementation of risk assessment; and lack of resources in terms of equipment and staff time/manpower. Solutions identified were categorized as: systems and process issues; staff training or education issues; issues requiring attention at an organizational level; and issues relating to service users, their family and communities. Conclusions: A valuable programme that contributes to the improved physical health of service users has been developed and implemented. However, a number of barriers to wider adoption were identified. Solutions to a number of these barriers were identified during implementation.