bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Body mass index and clinical response to infliximab in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Klaasen Ruth , Wijbrandts Carla A. , Gerlag Danielle M. , Tak Paul P. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjectiveAdipose tissue has immunomodulating effects in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), although the exact role is, at present, unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine whether body mass index (BMI) affects response to infliximab in RA patients investigated prospectively.MethodsIn 89 patients with active RA, the BMI was calculated before initiation of infliximab treatment (3 mg/kg intravenously). After 16 weeks of treatment, changes in disease activity were assessed with the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28).ResultsThe mean ± SD BMI was 26 ± 5 kg/m2 (range 17–42). The BMI correlated positively with the DAS28 at baseline (r = 0.34, P = 0.001). Since selection of study patients according to DAS28 values could influence the clinical response to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) blockade due to regression to the mean because the clinical response is itself based on the change in the DAS28 values, analysis of covariance was used to correct for the baseline DAS28. A highly significant, negative association between the BMI and the absolute decrease in the DAS28 after 16 weeks (P = 0.001) was found also when adjusted for anti–citrullinated protein antibodies.ConclusionAlthough the infliximab dosage is based on body weight, RA patients with a high BMI responded less well to infliximab, a finding that held true when adjusted for the baseline DAS28 or anti–citrullinated protein antibody status. These results support the notion that adipose tissue may be involved in the pathophysiology of RA and could have implications for other immune‐mediated inflammatory conditions treated with TNF antagonists.
Efficient production of D‐glucosaminic acid from D‐glucosamine by Pseudomonas putida GNA5
Authors: Wu Bin , Bai Zhongzhong , Meng Xiao , He Bingfang 
Published: November 2010

AbstractD‐glucosaminic acid was produced efficiently from glucosamine by oxidative fermentation using a newly isolated strain, Pseudomonas putida GNA5. After optimization of the fermentation process, 51.5 g L−1
D‐glucosaminic acid was produced from an initial concentration of 60 g L−1
D‐glucosamine‐HCl after 72 h of oxidative fermentation, which corresponded to a molar yield of 95.4%. This production process is potentially of considerable economic significance because very few by‐products were detected. Furthermore, D‐glucosaminic acid was accumulated stably during the oxidative fermentation process without the addition of an inhibitor of D‐glucosaminic acid breakdown, even though D‐glucosamine was exhausted. These results suggest that the mechanisms of D‐glucosaminic acid‐related metabolism differ between Pseudomonas putida GNA5 and the strain Pseudomonas genera, which was previously reported to produce D‐glucosaminic acid. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2011
Computational fluid dynamic simulations of aortic coarctation comparing the effects of surgical‐ and stent‐based treatments on aortic compliance and ventricular workload
Authors: Coogan Jessica Shih , Chan Frandics Pak , Taylor Charles Anthony , Feinstein Jeffrey Allan 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjectives: In this work, we examine the effects of stent‐induced aortic stiffness on cardiac workload and blood pressure using computational fluid dynamic simulations. Background: Treatment of aortic coarctation (CoA) consists of either open, surgical repair or angioplasty with or without stenting. Although stenting is a minimally invasive alternative to surgery, aortic stiffness increases in the stented section. Concern over this increased stiffness has long been argued to be detrimental to the overall vascular health of the patient. Methods: MR imaging was performed on a 15‐year‐old female with CoA. A 3D model of the large thoracic arteries was created, and the heart and downstream vasculature were represented by lumped parameter models at the model inlet and outlets, respectively. A deformable wall assumption was used in conjunction with variable wall properties and tissue support, and 3D velocity, pressure, and wall dynamics were computed. The lumped parameter values and wall properties were tuned to match the mean flow and aortic deformation as measured by MRI. The CoA was then virtually removed from the model representing an end‐to‐end surgical correction. In a second model, the repaired section was prescribed to be nearly rigid, representing stenting. All other variables remained the same. Results: When compared to surgery, stenting resulted in clinically negligible increases in cardiac work (0.4%) and no change in mean blood pressure. Conclusions: This pilot study suggests CoA stenting may not affect cardiac work to any significant degree as is commonly believed in the clinical community. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ex vivo hemodynamic assessment of mechanical aortic valve gradients using a high‐fidelity pressure wire
Authors: Michaels Andrew D. , Mester David 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjectives: Accurate assessment of prosthetic mechanical valve malfunction is challenging for non‐invasive and invasive techniques. We evaluated a 0.014‐inch pressure‐sensing coronary guidewire to assess mechanical valve dysfunction. Background: Several case reports have shown that transaortic pressure gradients can be recorded using a 0.014‐inch guidewire during cardiac catheterization. Methods: We performed an ex vivo study measuring the effects of sequentially crossing the center of each valve with a 6 French coronary angiographic catheter, a 0.035‐inch guidewire, and a 0.014‐inch pressure‐sensing guidewire on valve dysfunction using the following 23 mm bileaflet and tilting‐disc aortic valves: St. Jude Regent™, CarboMedics, Medtronic Hall™, and Björk‐Shiley Monostut. A left heart model pulse duplicator recorded 10 consecutive cycles. Results: For all valves, the greatest increase in valve regurgitation occurred with the 6 French catheter, causing a reduction in aortic valve back pressure and cardiac output, with an increase in leakage rate, regurgitant fraction, and energy loss. In comparison to the 0.035‐inch guidewire, the 0.014‐inch guidewire had greater regurgitation for St. Jude, lower for Medtronic Hall, and equivalent for CarboMedics and Björk‐Shiley valves. For the CarboMedics valve, the 0.035‐inch guidewire caused a significant increase in regurgitant fraction and energy loss, while the pressure wire had no change compared to baseline. Conclusions: The degree of regurgitation caused by the 0.014‐inch guidewire varies with the type of mechanical aortic valve. While prior case reports have shown that valve hemodynamics may be measured using a pressure‐sensing guidewire, valve regurgitation occurs when crossing a St. Jude, Medtronic Hall, or Björk‐Shiley aortic valve. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Current and evolving stent evaluation by coronary computed tomographic angiography
Authors: Hecht Harvey S. , Gade Christopher 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjectives: To demonstrate the variety of stent abnormalities that may be evaluated by coronary computed tomographic angiography (CTA). Background: The application of CTA to the evaluation of coronary stents has focused almost entirely on the detection of in‐stent restenosis. Methods: All CTA performed for stent evaluation at a single institution were reviewed. Results: In addition to in‐stent restenosis, stent fracture, and overlap failure, a multiplicity of stent‐related problems not previously addressed by CTA was categorized and illustrated: late stent thrombosis, jailed branches, edge stenosis, bifurcation stents, inadequate stent expansion, stent aneurysms, peri‐stent plaque, and stenting into bridged myocardium. Conclusions: CTA may be used to evaluate the full range of stent‐related problems. This work provides the framework for future studies validating these applications. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recurrence‐free survival in prostate cancer is related to increased stromal TRAIL expression
Authors: Anees Mariam , Horak Peter , El‐Gazzar Ahmed , Susani Martin , Heinze Georg , Perco Paul , Loda Massimo , Lis Rosina , Krainer Michael , Oh William K. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis‐inducing ligand) is involved in tumor immune surveillance and, thus, may be a potential cancer therapy. TRAIL expression in the tumor microenvironment has been shown to impact cancer survival in multiple tumor types, including ovarian cancer. We studied TRAIL expression and outcomes in patients with prostate cancer.METHODS:A tissue microarray (TMA) of 200 prostate cancer patients and benign prostate tissue controls was used to assess the epithelial and stromal protein expression of TRAIL, death receptors (DR4 and DR5), decoy receptors (DcR1 and DcR2), and the FLICE inhibitory protein (FLIPL). We correlated these expression patterns with clinicopathological parameters and determined its impact on recurrence‐free survival.RESULTS:Nearly all (99.5%) prostate cancer tissues examined displayed either decreased expression of pro‐apoptotic TRAIL receptors, increased FLIPLexpression, or both. We observed elevated death receptor, decoy receptor, FLIPL, and epithelial TRAIL expression in prostate cancer epithelium. TRAIL expression in the stromal tumor microenvironment surrounding the prostate cancer was markedly lower. Elevated TRAIL expression in the tumor microenvironment was also significantly associated with increased recurrence‐free survival (P= .014), after controlling for other prognostic markers. In contrast, epithelial expression of TRAIL did not have an effect on overall survival.CONCLUSIONS:Expression of the components of the pro‐apoptotic TRAIL pathway is altered in prostate cancer. Moreover, TRAIL expression in the tumor microenvironment may affect recurrence‐free survival rate of prostate cancer patients. Consequently, these results may be useful in devising future therapeutic strategies targeting the TRAIL pathway in prostate cancer. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Diabetes and risk of bladder cancer
Authors: MacKenzie Todd , Zens Michael S. , Ferrara Assiamira , Schned Alan , Karagas Margaret R. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Diabetes is an emerging public health issue in the US, affecting 11% of Americans over the age of 20, with long‐term complications that include cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. A recent meta‐analysis found that bladder cancer incidence was approximately 40% higher in individuals with diabetes; however, few studies considered duration or type of therapy and had limited adjustment for potentially confounding factors.METHODS:To further investigate the potential role of diabetes in risk of bladder cancer, the authors analyzed data from a case‐control study conducted in New Hampshire in which patients with bladder cancer, and controls sampled from the population, completed an interview regarding history of diabetes, cigarette smoking history, height, weight, and history of urinary tract infections.RESULTS:The study consisted of 331 cases and 263 controls on whom information regarding diabetes was ascertained. History of diabetes was related to an increased bladder cancer risk (adjusted odds ratio = 2.2, 95% CI, 1.3 to 3.8). The association was strongest in those who had diabetes for the longest duration (OR for 16 or more years = 3.6, 1.1 to 11.2) and in those taking oral hypoglycemic medications (OR = 3.3, 1.5 to 7.1).CONCLUSIONS:Our findings support an association between bladder cancer incidence and diabetes, and further suggest that the risk may be greater among patients taking oral hypoglycemics and those with diabetes of longer duration. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Peptide receptor radioligand therapy is an effective treatment for the long‐term stabilization of malignant gastrinomas
Authors: Grozinsky‐Glasberg Simona , Barak Dganit , Fraenkel Merav , Walter Martin A. , Müeller‐Brand Jan , Eckstein Joseph , Applebaum Liat , Shimon Ilan , Gross David J. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Gastrinomas, a rare group of neuroendocrine tumors, are responsible for severe peptic disease and diarrhea. Although symptomatic control may be achieved with proton‐pump inhibitors (PPIs) and somatostatin analogues (SSAs), data are limited regarding the possible antitumor effect of the peptide receptor radioligand therapy (PRRT) with radiolabeled SSAs in gastrinoma patients. The goal of this study was to assess the effect of PRRT on symptoms, gastrin secretion, and tumor load in patients with progressive malignant gastrinomas.METHODS:We retrospectively studied 11 patients with metastatic gastrinomas followed for a mean period of 6 years. All patients were symptomatically treated with PPIs, and 9 of 11 patients received monthly injections of SSAs; all patients had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score of 0‐1, and received PRRT (90Yttrium‐ or 177Lutetium‐DOTATOC) for progressive disease. Serum gastrin measurements and radiological assessment (using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors criteria) were performed before and every 3‐6 months following PRRT.RESULTS:PRRT induced symptomatic improvement in all patients. The mean serum gastrin decreased significantly from 4831 mI/L to 932.6 mI/L (normal, 40‐108 mI/L; P < .001). Periodic radiological surveillance showed complete response in 1 (9%) patient, partial tumor response in 5/11 (45%) patients, and tumor stabilization in 5/11 (45%) patients. In 7/11 (64%) patients, the antitumor effect of PRRT persisted after a median period of 14 months. Four of 11 (36%) patients died due to tumor progression (median time to progression, 11 months); in this group, the mean survival time after the last PRRT was 14 ± 6.9 months.CONCLUSIONS:PRRT seems to be a promising tool for the management of patients with inoperable or progressive metastatic gastrinomas. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Timeliness and quality of diagnostic care for medicare recipients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Friese Christopher R. , Earle Craig C. , Magazu Lysa S. , Brown Jennifer R. , Neville Bridget A. , Hevelone Nathanael D. , Richardson Lisa C. , Abel Gregory A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Little is known about the patterns of care relating to the diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), including the use of modern diagnostic techniques such as flow cytometry.METHODS:The authors used the SEER‐Medicare database to identify subjects diagnosed with CLL from 1992 to 2002 and defined diagnostic delay as present when the number of days between the first claim for a CLL‐associated sign or symptom and SEER diagnosis date met or exceeded the median for the sample. The authors then used logistic regression to estimate the likelihood of delay and Cox regression to examine survival.RESULTS:For the 5086 patients analyzed, the median time between sign or symptom and CLL diagnosis was 63 days (interquartile range [IQR] = 0‐251). Predictors of delay included age ≥75 (OR 1.45 [1.27‐1.65]), female gender (OR 1.22 [1.07‐1.39]), urban residence (OR 1.46 [1.19 to 1.79]), ≥1 comorbidities (OR 2.83 [2.45‐3.28]) and care in a teaching hospital (OR 1.20 [1.05‐1.38]). Delayed diagnosis was not associated with survival (HR 1.11 [0.99‐1.25]), but receipt of flow cytometry within thirty days before or after diagnosis was (HR 0.84 [0.76‐0.91]).CONCLUSIONS:Sociodemographic characteristics affect diagnostic delay for CLL, although delay does not seem to impact mortality. In contrast, receipt of flow cytometry near the time of diagnosis is associated with improved survival. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Malignant sarcoma of the pelvic bones
Authors: Jawad Muhammad Umar , Haleem Abdul Ahad , Scully Sean P. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Treatment of malignant sarcomas of the pelvis poses a challenge for local disease control and oncologic outcome. Many reports have described the dismal outcomes. Most studies are retrospective series coming out of single centers, thus biased toward patient selection and are of limited statistical power.METHODS:The authors used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database to analyze 1185 pelvic sarcoma cases from 1987 to 2006. Kaplan‐Meier and Cox regression were used to analyze the significance of prognostic factors. The analysis was repeated for different histopathological subtypes to determine specific prognostic factors in each case.RESULTS:Incidence of pelvic sarcoma in 2006 was 89 per 100,000 persons; it has significantly increased since 1973 (P < .05). The overall 5‐year survival for all the patients with pelvic sarcoma was 47%, with osteosarcoma having the worst 5‐year survival at 19% and patients with chordoma having the best 5‐year survival at 60%. Independent prognostic factors included age, stage, grade, size of primary lesion, histopathology, and treatment‐related factors. Comparing the patients only with high‐grade lesions, patients with Ewing sarcoma have the best prognosis.CONCLUSIONS:This is an analysis of patients with pelvic sarcomas derived from a population‐based registry. Survival and prognostics vary with histopathological diagnoses. Although surgical resection was associated with superior outcomes for osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma, there was no significant difference in outcomes of patients with Ewing sarcoma treated with surgery and/or radiotherapy. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
MicroRNA profiling of adrenocortical tumors reveals miR‐483 as a marker of malignancy
Authors: Patterson Erin E. , Holloway Alisha K. , Weng Julie , Fojo Tito , Kebebew Electron 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:The authors are interested in identifying molecular markers that can aid in the diagnosis of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). The aim of this study was to identify microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) that are differentially expressed in malignant adrenocortical tumors as compared with benign tumors and assess their potential as diagnostic predictors.METHODS:Differentially expressed miRNAs were identified using microarray profiling of adrenocortical tumors and validated by quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR.RESULTS:Microarray profiling in benign and primary malignant adrenocortical tumors revealed several significant differences between these histological groups. By using directed quantitative RT‐PCR analysis on a subset of these differentially expressed miRNAs, the authors determined that miRs ‐100, ‐125b, and ‐195 were significantly down‐regulated, whereas miR‐483‐5p was significantly up‐regulated in malignant as compared with benign tumors. Furthermore, the current study shows that miR‐483‐5p expression can accurately categorize tumors as benign or malignant.CONCLUSIONS:The authors identified 4 miRNAs that are dysregulated in adrenocortical carcinoma. The high expression of one of these, miR‐483‐5p, appears to be a defining characteristic of adrenocortical malignancies, and can thus be used to accurately distinguish between benign and malignant adrenocortical tumors. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Breast cancer recurrence diagnosis suspected on tumor marker rising
Authors: Champion Laurence , Brain Etienne , Giraudet Anne‐Laure , Le Stanc Elise , Wartski Myriam , Edeline Véronique , Madar Olivier , Bellet Dominique , Pecking Alain , Alberini Jean‐Louis 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Breast cancer recurrence is often suspected on tumor marker rising in asymptomatic patients. The value of fluorine‐18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG)–positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging to detect recurrence and its subsequent impact on patient management were retrospectively assessed.METHODS:PET/CT scans were performed on 228 asymptomatic patients (mean, 60.8 years; range, 30‐91 years) presenting with rising CA 15‐3 and/or CEA serum levels.RESULTS:PET/CT scans were positive in 181 patients (79.5%) and normal in 47 patients, whereas 187 true recurrences were diagnosed. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of PET/CT imaging for detection of breast cancer recurrence were 93.6%, 85.4%, 96.7%, 74.5%, and 92.1%, respectively. When compared with the standard workup available in 67 patients, PET/CT imaging had a higher sensitivity and accuracy (94.5% vs 33% and 94% vs 48%, respectively). Recurrences were confirmed by pathology, conventional imaging techniques, or radiological and clinical follow‐up beyond 1 year (mean, 34 months; range, 12‐67 years) in 32, 130, and 25 patients, respectively. The diagnosis of recurrence led to a treatment modification in 123 patients (54%).CONCLUSIONS:18FDG‐PET/CT imaging is an efficient technique to detect breast cancer recurrence suspected on tumor marker rising in asymptomatic patients. It may thus contribute to improve patient management, providing an earlier diagnosis with complete whole‐body staging as a “one‐stop shop” procedure. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Diagnostic criteria and risk‐adapted approach to indeterminate thyroid cytodiagnosis
Authors: Abele John S. , Levine Robert A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSignificant numbers of overdiagnoses of thyroid needle biopsies as “indeterminate” create a risk of surgery for benign disease. Overdiagnoses can be reduced by appropriate criteria and a risk‐adapted approach to cytodiagnosis. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2010;. © 2010 American Cancer Society
Directed in vivo angiogenesis assay and the study of systemic neoangiogenesis in cancer
Authors: Napoli Claudio , Giordano Antonio , Casamassimi Amelia , Pentimalli Francesca , Ignarro Louis J. , De Nigris Filomena 
Published: November 2010

AbstractTargeting neoangiogenesis is a well‐established anticancer strategy, however, one of the major problems in angiogenesis research, both at the basic and applied levels, remains the development of suitable in vivo methods for assessing and quantifying the systemic angiogenic response. Therefore, there is an urgent need to adopt technically simple and reproducible methodologies which allow to easily quantify neoangiogenesis independently of morphological parameters. Recently, a reproducible and quantitative method was developed, the directed in vivo angiogenesis assay (DIVAA) consisting of the subcutaneous implantation of surgical grade silicone cylinders closed at one end, called angioreactors, into the dorsal flanks of nude mice. In the past few years, DIVAA has been successfully used in evaluating the inhibition and or enhancement of systemic perturbation of angiogenesis by several molecules. Thus, DIVAA studies systemic angiogenesis and its therapeutic modulation associated to cancer progression and metastasis.