bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of cholesterol‐bearing pullulan (CHP)‐nanogels in combination with prostaglandin E1 on wound healing
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroshi , Katakura Osamu , Morimoto Nobuyuki , Akiyoshi Kazunari , Kasugai Shohei 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe cholesterol‐bearing pullulan (CHP)‐nanogels are able to trap hydrophobic drugs or proteins inside the nanogels, which is potential in application to drug delivery system and tissue engineering. On the other hand, prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) plays important roles in wound healing and PGE1 ointment has been clinically used to treat chronic skin ulcers and wounds. The purpose of this study is to evaluate effects of CHP nanogels in combination with prostaglandin E1 on wound healing in full thickness skin defect model. A square skin defect (1 × 1 cm2) of full thickness was created on the dorsal of Wistar rats. The wound was treated with CHP nanogels without PGE1 (CHP group) or CHP nanogels containing with PGE1 (CHP/PGE1 group) or PGE1 ointment (PGE1 ointment group). In both CHP/PGE1 and PGE1 ointment groups, ∼6 μg of PGE1 was applied to each wound. In the control group, the wound was untreated. The wound was evaluated in measuring wound area and histologically. In CHP/PGE1 group, the rate of wound size reduction was significantly higher than the ones of other groups. Histologically, CHP/PGE1 promoted neoepithelialization, neovascularization, and wound closure compared to the other treatments. These results suggest that CHP in combination with PGE1 can promote wound healing, which confirms the efficiency of CHP nanogels‐based drug delivery system. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
In vivo and in vitro evaluation of gelation and hemostatic properties of a novel tissue‐adhesive hydrogel containing a cross‐linkable polymeric micelle
Authors: Murakami Yoshihiko , Yokoyama Masayuki , Nishida Hiroshi , Tomizawa Yasuko , Kurosawa Hiromi 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThere is a clinical requirement for a local hemostat that arrests bleeding from both suture holes and cross‐sectional surfaces of parenchymatous organs. A novel tissue‐adhesive hydrogel was prepared that contains a cross‐linkable polymeric micelle consisting of poly(ethylene glycol)‐poly(DL‐lactide) block polymers, and, by means of a rheometer, the factors that affect the hydrogel's gelation properties was clarified. The storage modulus and the gelation time greatly depended on both the pH and the concentrations of both the polymeric micelle and polyallylamine solutions. Furthermore, the hemostatic potential of the hydrogel in a mouse hemostasis model was evaluated under optimal conditions as determined by the rheometer. The average amount of bleeding from the mouse liver was 172.9 mg (S.D. 69.7 mg, N = 7) in the control experiments, whereas it was 20.1 mg (s.d. 13.2, N = 7) when the hydrogel was applied to the wound (p = 0.002). The result demonstrated that the novel synthetic hydrogel possessed a significant hemostatic potential as a local hemostat. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
In situ preparation and characterization of a novel gelatin/poly(D,L‐lactide)/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite
Authors: Zheng Xiaotong , Zhou Shaobing , Xiao Yu , Yu Xiongjun , Feng Bo 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA novel biodegradable polymer–ceramic nanocomposite was prepared using the in situ preparation method, which consisted of gelatin (gel), poly(D,L‐lactide) (PDLLA), and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanofibers. In this article, the HA nanofibers with length/diameter (L/D) ratio of 19.8 in gel/PDLLA/HA nanocomposites were synthesized and precipitated in polymeric matrix by one‐step hydrothermal mineralization. The crystalline phases, structural morphology, mechanical characterization, and chemical interaction of gel/PDLLA/HA nanocomposites were investigated by X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, mechanical test, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the crystalline HA nanofibers were uniformly mineralized in gel and PDLLA matrix and the interaction between Ca2+ in HA (nanofibers and negative‐charged functional groups in gel and PDLLA molecular chains was formed. Thus, the schematic model of two polymeric chains bridged by inorganic nanofibers was designed on the basis of the experimental results. Moreover, it can clearly explain why the mechanical properties of gel/PDLLA/HA nanocomposites turned strong. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
A complete solution to the existence problem for 1‐rotational k‐cycle systems of Kv
Authors: Wu Shung‐Liang , Buratti Marco 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a 1‐rotational k‐cycle system of the complete graph Kv are established. The proof provides an algorithm able to determine, directly and explicitly, an odd k‐cycle system of Kv whenever such a system exists. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals,
Inc. J Combin Designs 17: 283–293, 2009
Generalized Hadamard matrices whose transposes are not generalized Hadamard matrices
Authors: Craigen R. , de Launey W. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn answer to “Research Problem 16” in Horadam's recent book Hadamard matrices and their applications, we provide a construction for generalized Hadamard matrices whose transposes are not generalized Hadamard matrices. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals,
Inc. J Combin Designs 17: 456–458, 2009
The cardiac neural stem cell phenotype is compromised in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic cardiomyopathy
Authors: El‐Helou Viviane , Proulx Cindy , Béguin Pauline , Assimakopoulos John , Gosselin Hugues , Clement Robert , Villeneuve Louis , Huot‐Marchand Julie‐Émilie , DeBlois Denis , Lajoie Claude , Calderone Angelino 
Published: April 2009

AbstractNeural stem cells were identified in the rat heart and during scar formation and healing participated in sympathetic fiber sprouting and angiogenesis. In the setting of diabetes, impaired wound healing represents a typical pathological feature. These findings provided the impetus to test the hypothesis that experimental diabetes adversely influenced the phenotype of cardiac neural stem cells. Streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic rats were associated with elevated plasma glucose levels, significant loss of body weight and left ventricular contractile dysfunction. In the heart of STZ‐diabetic rats, the density of nestin immunoreactive processes emanating from cardiac neural stem cells were reduced. The latter finding was reaffirmed as nestin protein expression was significantly decreased in the heart of STZ‐diabetic rats and associated with a concomitant reduction of nestin mRNA. Employing the TUNEL assay, the loss of nestin expression in STZ‐diabetic rats was not attributed to widespread cardiac neural stem cell apoptosis. Insulin administration to STZ‐diabetic rats with established hyperglycaemia led to a modest recovery of nestin protein expression in cardiac neural stem cells. By contrast, the administration of insulin immediately after STZ injection improved plasma glucose levels and significantly attenuated the loss of nestin protein expression. These data highlight the novel observation that nestin protein expression in cardiac neural stem cells was significantly reduced in STZ‐induced type I diabetic rats. The aberrant cardiac neural stem cell phenotype may compromise their biological role and predispose the diabetic heart to maladaptive healing following ischemic injury. J. Cell. Physiol. 220: 440–449, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Perspectives on human stem cell research
Authors: Jung Kyu Won 
Published: April 2009

AbstractHuman stem cell research draws not only scientists' but the public's attention. Human stem cell research is considered to be able to identify the mechanism of human development and change the paradigm of medical practices. However, there are heated ethical and legal debates about human stem cell research. The core issue is that of human dignity and human life. Some prefer human adult stem cell research or iPS cell research, others hES cell research. We do not need to exclude any type of stem cell research because each has its own merits and issues, and they can facilitate the scientific revolution when working together. J. Cell. Physiol. 220: 535–537, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Biostimulation strategies for fresh and chronically polluted marine environments with petroleum hydrocarbons
Authors: Nikolopoulou Maria , Kalogerakis Nicolas 
Published: April 2009

AbstractStimulation of indigenous degraders with suitable nutrients can significantly enhance bioremediation rates of marine environments polluted with petroleum hydrocarbons. Biostimulation is emerging as the best strategy for combating oil spills following first response actions. This mini review is focused on the conditions under which biostimulation leads to increased effectiveness and strategies for successful biostimulation to fresh and chronically polluted sites are suggested. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Optimization of alkaline transesterification of rice bran oil for biodiesel production using response surface methodology
Authors: Rashid Umer , Anwar Farooq , Ansari Tariq Mahmood , Arif Muhammad , Ahmad Mushtaq 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Response surface methodology (RSM), based on central composite rotatable design (CCRD), was used to optimize four transesterification reaction variables: methanol‐to‐oil molar ratio (3:1–12:1), catalyst (NaOCH3) concentration (0.5–1.25 wt% in relation to oil mass), reaction temperature (45–65 °C) and reaction time (30–90 min) at two levels (24 experimental design) to produce rice bran oil methyl esters (RBOME).RESULTS: The molar ratio of methanol to oil and reaction temperatures were the most significant (P < 0.01) factors affecting the yield of RBOME. A linear relationship was found between the observed and predicted values (R2 = 0.9520). Using multiple regression analysis a quadratic polynomial equation was established for methyl ester yield. The quadratic term of catalyst concentration showed a significant (P < 0.01) effect on esters yield. The interaction terms of methanol to oil molar ratio and catalyst concentration with reaction time exhibited a positive effect on the methyl esters yield (P < 0.05). The optimum reaction conditions for transesterification of rice bran oil were 7.5:1 methanol‐to‐oil ratio, 0.88% catalyst concentration, 55 °C reaction temperature and 60 min reaction time, resulting in a RBOME yield of 83.3%. Gas chromatographic analysis of RBOME produced in the present experiment revealed linoleic, oleic, palmitic and stearic acids to be the major fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs).CONCLUSION: RSM was found to be a suitable technique for optimizing transesterification of rice bran oil. Fuel properties of RBOME as measured according to accepted methods were found to satisfy almost all prescribed ASTM (D 6751) and EN 14214 specifications. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Micro‐fabrication and monitoring of three‐dimensional microstructures based on laser‐induced thermoplastic formation
Authors: Wang Leyan , Zhang Dongxian , Wen Zhenghu , Zhang Haijun 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThis article reports a novel laser‐induced micro‐fabrication method and its monitoring system for three‐dimensional (3D) microstructures. The mechanism of the method is that a small zone of thermoplastic material melted by laser heating grows in liquid surrounding environment, solidifying into a convex microstructure, such as micro‐dot or micro‐pillar. A laser diode (808 nm) with maximum power output of 130 mW is used as power source, and a kind of paraffin mixed with stearic acid and paint serves as the thermoplastic material for 3D microstructure formation experiments. A light microscope system consisting of a charge‐coupled device (CCD) and a computer is utilized to realize real‐time observation of the micro‐fabricating process. The distribution of local temperature rise on material surface created by laser irradiation is simulated. The effects of liquid environment on microstructure formation have been theoretically analyzed and experimentally studied. Experiments are further carried out to investigate the relationship between laser spot and fabricated microstructures. The results indicate that the widths of micro‐dots or micro‐pillars are mostly determined by the size of focal spot, and their heights increase with the enlargement of laser power density. With this method, a micro‐dot array of Chinese characters meaning “China” has been successfully fabricated through computer programming. This method has the advantages of implementing direct, mask‐less, real‐time and inexpensive 3D microstructure fabrication. Therefore, it would be widely applied in the fields of micro/nano‐technology for practical fabrication of different kinds of 3D microstructures. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ultrastructural analysis of radicular dentine surface submitted to CO2 laser at different parameters
Authors: Nomelini S.M.B. , Souza‐Gabriel A.E. , Marchesan M.A. , Sousa‐Neto M.D. , Silva‐Sousa Y.T.C. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackground: There are no reported studies comparing different parameter settings of the CO2 laser and irradiation direction considering their effect on the morphology of radicular dentine surface. Purpose: To evaluate the alterations of radicular dentine (cervical, middle, and apical thirds) irradiated with CO2 laser at different potencies and irradiation directions. Study Design: Roots of 35 canines were prepared and randomly distributed according to the laser potency: GI: no laser treatment (control) (n = 5); GII, 2 W (n = 10); GIII: 4 W (n = 10); GIV: 6 W (n = 10). Each group (excepting GI) was divided in two subgroups according to the irradiation distance (n = 5): (A) parallel and (B) perpendicular to the root canal walls. The roots were splited longitudinally and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy in a qualiquatitative way. The scores were submitted to Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn's tests. Results: No significant statistical differences were observed among root canal thirds (P > 0.05). The specimens irradiated with 2 W were statistically different (P < 0.05) from those irradiated with 4 and 6 W, which were statistically similar between themselves (P > 0.05). With 2, 4, and 6 W at in parallel irradiation and 2 W in perpendicular direction, the surface showed a fissured aspect. With 4 W in perpendicular direction and 6 W in parallel and perpendicular direction, surface was modified by laser action and exhibited fused areas. Conclusions: The intensity of the effects is dependent on the laser‐irradiation dosimetries. Alterations were more intense when higher parameters were used. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression profile of a 400‐bpStra8promoter region during spermatogenesis
Authors: Antonangeli Fabrizio , Giampietri Claudia , Petrungaro Simonetta , Filippini Antonio , Ziparo Elio 
Published: April 2009

AbstractAlthough numerous markers have been helpful in isolating and enriching spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), such as Thy‐1 and GFRα‐1, no specific marker for this cell type has been identified so far. A 400‐bp regulatory region of the stimulated by retinoic acid gene 8 (Stra8) promoter was reported to direct gene expression into SSCs and we have recently generated a new transgenic mouse model harboring the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) downstream of thisStra8promoter. In this study, a detailed analysis of the EGFP expression pattern in the testis was carried out, showing that the transgene was expressed in meiotic and postmeiotic germ cells and not in undifferentiated germ cells. These findings were supported by confocal microscopy and flow cytometric analyses, and do not agree with the previous report concerning the 400‐bpStra8promoter activity. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Integrated analytical study for the authentication of five Russian icons (XVI–XVII centuries)
Authors: Sandu Irina Crina Anca , Bracci Susanna , Sandu Ion , Lobefaro Mariella 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThis article presents an integrated approach for the authentication of five Russian icons through the study of their paint materials (elemental composition and stratigraphic mapping), state of conservation and artistic technique. The results of the applied analytical protocol, involving optical and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectrometry and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy/microspectroscopy, led to the conclusion that the five icons belong to the same group and iconographic school (from Northern Russia) and date from the end of the 16th century to the beginning of 17th century. Because of massive overpainting, the icons “suffered” a change in iconographic style and significance, and restoration treatment brought to light the original painting and its attribution. Identification of the composition of the original chromatic palette used by the iconographer, the stratigraphic mapping and the conservation state of the painting materials, along with the features of the original artistic technique, furnished key elements for the icons' authentication. Here, we present the first experimental data concerning the identification of the authentication characteristics, being part of a large project that has as its final aim the evaluation of the effectiveness and effects of the cleaning agent on the paint layers. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Changes in testosterone or temperature during the in vitro oocyte culture do not alter the sex ratio of bovine embryos
Authors: Díez Carmen , Bermejo‐Alvarez Pablo , Trigal Beatriz , Caamaño José Néstor , Muñoz Marta , Molina Irene , Gutiérrez‐Adán Alfonso , Carrocera Susana , Martín David , Gómez Enrique 
Published: April 2009

AbstractHigh follicular testosterone levels have been associated with a skew in the sex ratio in favor of males following in vitro fertilization, whereas egg incubation temperature has been found to influence sex ratio in some reptiles. The incubation temperature interferes with the aromatase activity, resulting in a sex determination mechanism thought to be lost in mammals. In this work we aimed to test the effects of testosterone on sex ratio of bovine embryos produced in vitro and to determine whether effects of sex and temperature are effectively decoupled in mammals. Bovine oocytes were in vitro matured for 22 hr in TCM199, PVA, FSH and LH after a 22 hr meiotic arrest in TCM199, PVA and roscovitine 25 µM. Matured oocytes were in vitro fertilized and cultured up to Day 3, and embryos having three or more cells were sexed. In the first experiment, testosterone (0, 30, 300 and 1,500 nM), present both during meiotic inhibition and subsequent in vitro maturation (IVM), did not affect development rates or embryonic sex ratio. In the second experiment, increasing incubation temperatures (38, 39 or 40°C) during meiotic inhibition and subsequent IVM, reduced embryo development, but did not change the sex ratio. Under our experimental conditions, testosterone does not promote a preferential selection of Y‐chromosome bearing spermatozoa by the oocyte, and temperature and sex ratio seems to be decoupled in mammals. J. Exp. Zool. 311A:448–452, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Non‐rainbow colorings of 3‐, 4‐ and 5‐connected plane graphs
Authors: Dvořák Zdeněk , Král' Daniel , Škrekovski Riste 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe study vertex‐colorings of plane graphs that do not contain a rainbow face, i.e., a face with vertices of mutually distinct colors. If G is a 3 ‐connected plane graph with n vertices, then the number of colors in such a coloring does not exceed
$\lfloor{{7n-8}\over {9}}\rfloor$. If G is 4 ‐connected, then the number of colors is at most
$\lfloor {{5n-6}\over {8}}\rfloor$, and for n≡3(mod8), it is at most $\lfloor{{5n-6}\over {8}}\rfloor-1$. Finally, if G is 5 ‐connected, then the number of colors is at most
$\lfloor{{25}\over{58}}{\rm n}-{{22} \over {29}}\rfloor$. The bounds for 3 ‐connected and 4 ‐connected plane graphs are the best possible as we exhibit constructions of graphs with colorings matching the bounds. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 63: 129–145, 2010
Rapid response: A quality improvement conundrum
Authors: Prado Renata , Albert Richard K. , Mehler Philip S. , Chu Eugene S. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractMany in‐hospital cardiac arrests and other adverse events are heralded by warning signs that are evident in the preceding 6 to 8 hours. By promptly intervening before further deterioration occurs, rapid response teams (RRTs) are designed to decrease unexpected intensive care unit (ICU) transfers, cardiac arrests, and inpatient mortality. While implementing RRTs is 1 of the 6 initiatives recommended by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement, data supporting their effectiveness is equivocal. Before implementing an RRT in our institution, we reviewed cases of failure to rescue and found that (1) poor outcomes were often associated with attempts to manage early decompensations without a bedside evaluation, and (2) the common causes of decompensation for floor patients (early sepsis, aspiration, pulmonary embolism) were within the scope of our primary teams' practice. Therefore, we felt that prompt, mandatory bedside evaluations by the primary team would decrease untoward outcomes. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2009;4:255–257. © 2009 Society of Hospital Medicine.
The effects of labelling, expert testimony, and information processing mode on juror decisions in SVP civil commitment trials
Authors: Lieberman Joel D. , Krauss Daniel A. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractExpert witnesses offering testimony in sexually violent predator civil commitment trials may use diagnostic labels that are either familiar (e.g. ‘psychopath’) or unfamiliar (e.g. ‘paraphilia’) to jurors. Using predictions based on cognitive experiential self‐theory, we explored the influence of testimony type (clinical versus actuarial) and diagnostic label (psychopath versus paraphilia) on jurors motivated to adopt either an experiential processing mode (PM; in which heuristic cues may be strongly relied upon) or an analytic rational PM. Consistent with previous research, our results indicated that when given a psychopathic diagnostic label, mock jurors motivated to process information experientially were more influenced by clinical testimony, whereas mock jurors induced into a rational mode were more influenced by actuarial testimony. However, experientially oriented jurors given a paraphilia diagnostic label did not show the expected influence of clinical expert testimony, and instead were more persuaded by actuarial testimony. These findings are discussed from a judgement and heuristics cues framework. The implications of several procedural suggestions are examined. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.