bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Elaterid from the Middle Jurassic Daohugou Biota (Coleoptera: Elateridae: Protagrypninae)
Authors: Fabing DONG , Diying HUANG 
Published: December 2011

Abstract:A new genus and species of fossil elaterid namely Clavelater ningchengensis gen. et sp. nov. assigned to the subfamily Protagrypninae based on one specimen from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation near Daohugou Village, Ningcheng County, Inner Mongolia, northeastern China is described and illustrated. This specimen displays a pair of large antennae that easily differs from those of most Mesozoic elaterids. There are around 36 species within 20 genera referred to elateroids described from the Early Jurassic to Miocene of China, with another three species within three genera reviewed, but the taxonomic assignment of at least seven species within three genera is doubted. The systematic position of fossil elateriform beetles reported from China is reviewed and the evolution of Mesozoic elateroids briefly discussed.
Planktic Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy of the Cretaceous Oceanic Red Beds in Kangmar, Southern Tibet, China
Authors: Guobiao LI , Xiaoqiao WAN , Mao PAN 
Published: December 2011

Abstract:The planktic foraminifera of the Chuangde Formation (Upper Cretaceous Oceanic Red Beds, CORBs) as exposed at Tianbadong section, Kangmar, southern Tibet has been firstly studied for a detailed for a detailed biostratigraphy elaboration. A rich and well‐preserved planktic foraminifera were recovered from the Chuangde Formation of the Tianbadong section and the Globotruncanita elevata, Globotruncana ventricosa, Radotruncana calcarata, Globotruncanella havanensis, Globotruncana aegyptiaca, Gansserina gansseri and Abathomphalus mayaroensis zones have been recognized. The planktic foraminiferal assemblage points to an early Campanian to Maastrichitian age for the CORBs of the eastern North Tethyan Himalayan sub‐belt, which also provides a better understanding of the shifting progress of the Indian Plate to the north and the evolution of the Neotethyan ocean. The lithostratigraphy of the Chuangde Formation of the Tianbadong section comprises two lithological sequences observed in ascending succession: a lower unit (the Shale Member) mainly composed of purple (cherry‐red, violet‐red) shales with interbedded siltstones and siliceous rocks; and an upper unit (the Limestone Member) of variegated limestones. The strata of the Chuangde Formation in the Tianbadong section are similar to CORBs in other parts of the northern Tethyan Himalaya area of Asia (Gyangze, Sa'gya, Sangdanlin, northern Zanskar, etc.). The fossil contents of the Chuangde Formation in the sections (CORBs) studied provide a means of correlation with the zonation schemes for those of the northern Tethyan Himalayan sub‐belt and the Upper Cretaceous of the southern Tethyan Himalayan sub‐belt. Paleogeographic reconstruction for the Late Cretaceous indicates that the Upper Cretaceous Chuangde Formation (CORBs) and correlatable strata in northern Zanskar were representative of slope to basinal deposits, which were situated in the northern Tethyan Belt. Correlatable Cretaceous strata in Spiti and Gamba situated in the southern Tethyan Belt in contrast were deposited in shelf environments along the Tethyan Himalayan passive margin. CORBs are most likely formed by the oxidation of Fe(II)‐enriched, anoxic deep ocean water near the chemocline that separated the oxic oceanic surface from the anoxic.
The Seismogenic Structure of the 2010 Suining Ms 5.0 Earthquake and its Geometry, Kinematics and Dynamics Analysis
Authors: Renqi LU , Dengfa HE , Suppe JOHN , Yongsheng MA , Shuwei GUAN , Yanpeng SUN , Jinwei GAO 
Published: December 2011

Abstract:In January 2010, the Suining Ms5.0 earthquake occurred in central Sichuan Basin, with the epicenter in Moxi‐Longnvsi structural belt and a focal depth of 10 km. Based on structural interpretations of seismic profiles in this area, we recognized a regional detachment fault located at a depth of 9–10 km in the Presinian basement of the Suining area, transferring its slipping from NW to SE orientation. This detachment fault slipped from NW to SE, and underwent several shears and bends, which caused the basement to be rolled in and the overlaying strata fold deformation. It formed a fault‐bend fold in the Moxi area with an approximate slip of 4 km. Correspondingly, the formation of the Moxi anticline is related to the detachment fault. With the earthquake's epicenter on the ramp of the detachment fault, there is a new point of view that the Suining earthquake was caused by re‐activation of this basement detachment fault. Since the Late Jurassic period, under the influence of regional tectonic stress, the detachment fault transfered its slip from the Longmen Mountains (LMS) thrust belt to the hinterland of the Sichuan Basin, and finally to the piedmont zone of southwest Huayingshan (HYS), which indicates that HYS might be the final front area of the LMS thrust belt.
Comparative Study of Magmatism in East Pacific Rise Versus Nearby Seamounts: Constraints on Magma Supply and Thermal Structure Beneath Mid‐ocean Ridge
Authors: Guoliang ZHANG 
Published: December 2011

Abstract:Major elements of 2202 basalts from the East Pacific Rise (EPR) and 888 basalts from near‐EPR seamounts are used to investigate their differences in magma crystallization pressures and mantle melting conditions. Crystallization pressure calculation from basalts with 5.0wt%<MgO<8.0wt % shows that magma crystallization pressures beneath near‐EPR seamounts are positively and negatively correlated with Na8 and Fe8, respectively. However, these correlations are indistinct in axial lavas, which can be explained by chemical homogenization induced by extensive mixing processes. In each segment divided by major transforms and over‐lapping spreading centers (OSCs), near‐EPR seamount lavas have higher magma crystallization pressures, higher Fe8 and lower Na8 than the EPR lavas, which indicate cooler lithosphere, lower degrees and shallower melting depths beneath near‐EPR seamounts than the EPR. The correlations between magma crystallization pressures and melting conditions beneath near‐EPR seamounts imply that the source thermal state controls the melting degree and melt flux, and then melting process controls the shallow lithosphere temperature and magma crystallization depth (pressure). The cooler mantle sources beneath near‐EPR seamounts produce a lower degree of melting and a less robust magma supply, which results in a deep thermal equilibrium level and high magma crystallization pressure. The magma crystallization pressure decreases significantly as spreading rate of the EPR increases from ∼80 mm/year in the north (16°N) to ∼160 mm/year in the south (19°S), while this trend is unobvious in near‐EPR seamounts. This suggests that the magma supply controlled by spreading rate dominates the ridge crust temperature and magma crystallization depth, while the near‐EPR seamount magma supply is not dominated by the axial spreading rate. Because most seamounts form and gain most of their volume within a narrow zone of 5–15 km from ridge axis, they provide good constraint on magma supply and thermal structure beneath the EPR. High magma crystallization pressures in seamounts indicate dramatic temperature decrease from the EPR. The crystallization pressures of seamount lavas are well correlated with mantle melting parameters but in a blurry relationship with axial spreading rate. Despite the adjacency of the EPR and nearby seamounts, the thermal structure beneath the near‐EPR seamounts are controlled by their own magma supply and conductive cooling, chemically and thermally unaffected by magmatism beneath the ridge axis.
Data Analysis of Chang'E‐1 Gamma‐Ray Spectrometer and Global Distribution of U, K, and Th Elemental Abundances
Authors: Yongliao ZOU , Liyan ZHANG , Jianzhong LIU , Lingli MU , Xin REN , Guangliang ZHANG , Jin CHANG , Jun YAN , Nan ZHANG , Hongbo ZHANG , Chang LÜ , Jianjun LIU , Wei ZUO , Yan SU , Weibin WEN , Wei BIAN , Min WANG , Chun XU , Chunlai LI , Ziyuan OUYANG 
Published: December 2011

Abstract:Gamma‐ray spectrometer (GRS) is one of the main payloads on the Chang'E‐1 (CE‐1) lunar probe, mainly aimed to detect the elemental abundances and distributions on the lunar surface. At 03:58 on 28 November 2007, it performed the first observation of the lunar gamma rays. As of 24 October 2008, 2105 h of effective gamma rays spectra had been acquired by CE‐1 GRS, which covers the whole surface of the moon. This paper mainly describes the data processing procedures and methods of deriving the elemental abundances by using the CE‐1 GRS time series corrected spectra: first, to bin data into pixels for mapping; then, to perform a background deduction of the cumulative spectra and obtain a peak area of the elements; and finally, to use the elemental abundances inversion model to produce the elemental abundances. Based on these processing methods, the global abundance maps of U, K, and Th at a 5°×5° equal‐area pixel are acquired by CE‐1 GRS data. The paper gives a preliminary analysis of the uncertainties of the elemental abundances.
Radiometric Zircon Ages of a Tuff Sample from the Baishantou Member of Wuyun Formation, Jiayin: A Contribution to the Search for the K‐T Boundary in Heilongjian River Area, China
Authors: Shigeyuki SUZUKI , Ge SUN , KNITTEL Ulrich , Tohru DANHARA , Hideki IWANO 
Published: December 2011

Abstract:The existence of the Cretaceous‐Tertiary (K/T) boundary in the non‐marine succession is expected at Jiayin in the Heilongjiang River area, China. Zircons from a tuff sample from the Baishantou Member of Wuyun Formation in Jiayin were analyzed by the laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS) U‐Pb dating and fission‐track dating methods. Ages of 64.1±0.7 Ma (U‐Pb) and 61.7±1.8 Ma (fission‐track dating) were obtained, which allow re‐evaluation of a previously reported late Maastrichian age for the tuff layer that was in conflict with the paleontological evidence. These results confirm the Danian age of the section in agreement with the paleontological evidence.
Permian Tectonic Evolution in Southwestern Khanka Massif: Evidence from Zircon U‐Pb Chronology, Hf isotope and Geochemistry of Gabbro and Diorite
Authors: Huahua CAO , Wenliang XU , Fuping PEI , Xingzhou ZHANG 
Published: December 2011

Abstract:Laser ablation‐inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS) zircon U‐Pb dating and geochemical data for the Permian gabbros and diorites in the Hunchun area are presented to constrain the regional tectonic evolution in the study area. Zircons from gabbro and diorite are euhedral‐subhedral in shape and display fine‐scale oscillatory zoning as well as high Th/U ratios (0.26–1.22), implying their magmatic origin. The dating results indicate that the gabbro and diorite formed in the Early Permian (282±2 Ma) and in the Late Permian (255±3 Ma), respectively. In addition, the captured zircons with the weighted mean age of 279±4 Ma are also found in the diorite, consistent with the formation age of the gabbro within uncertainty. The gabbros belong chemically to low‐K tholeiitic series, and are characterized by low rare earth element (REE) abundances, flat REE pattern, weak positive Eu anomalies (δEu), and depletion in high field strength elements (HFSEs, Nb, Ta, and Ti), similar to the high‐aluminum basalts from island arc setting. Initial Hf isotopic ratios of zircons from the gabbro range from +7.63 to +14.6, suggesting that its primary magma could be mainly derived from partial melting of a depleted lithospheric mantle. The diorites belong to middle K calc‐alkaline series. Compared with the gabbros, the diorites have higher REE abundance, weak negative Eu anomalies, and more depletion in HFSEs (Nb, Ta, and Ti), similar chemically to the volcanic rocks from an active continental margin setting. Initial Hf isotopic ratios and Hf two‐stage model ages of zircons from the diorite range from +11.22 to +14.17 and from 424 to 692 Ma, respectively, suggesting that its primary magma could be mainly derived from partial melting of the Early Paleozoic and/or Neoproterozoic accretted lower crust. Taken together, it is suggested that geochemical variations from the Early Permian gabbros to the Late Permian diorites reveal that the subduction of the Paleo‐Asian oceanic plate beneath the Khanka Massif and collision between the arc and continent (Khanka Massif) happened in the late stage of the Late Paleozoic.
Isotopic Chronological Study of the Huangsha‐Tieshanlong Quartz Vein‐ Type Tungsten Deposit and Timescale of Molybdenum Mineralization in Southern Jiangxi Province, China
Authors: Fan HUANG , Chengyou FENG , Yuchuan CHEN , Lijuan YING , Zhenghui CHEN , Zailin ZENG , Wenjun QU 
Published: December 2011

Abstract:The Huangsha‐Tieshanlong quartz‐vein tungsten polymetallic ore deposit, located in the northern Pangushan‐Tieshanlong tungsten ore field in eastern Ganxian‐Yudu prospecting areas of the Yushan metallogenic belt, is a well‐known tungsten deposit in southern Jiangxi province, China. SHRIMP‐determined dating of zircons from the Tieshanlong granite yields ages of 168.1±2.1 Ma (n=11, MSWD=1.3). Rhenium and osmium isotopic dating of molybdenite from the Huangsha quartz‐vein tungsten deposit determined by ICP‐MS yields a weighted average ages of 153±3 Ma and model ages of 150.2±2.1 Ma – 155.4±2.3 Ma. The age of the Huangsha tungsten deposit is 10 to 15 Ma later than the Tieshanlong granite, which shows that there might have been another early Late Jurassic magmatic activity between 150 and 160 Ma, a process which is closely related with tungsten mineralization in this area. The Tieshanlong granite, the Huangsha tungsten deposit and the Pangushan‐Tieshanlong ore field were all formed around 150–170 Ma, belonging to products of a Mesozoic second large‐scale mineralization. According to the collected molybdenite Re‐Os dating results in southern Jiangxi province, the timescale of the associated molybdenum mineralization is 2–6 Ma in the tungsten deposit and the timescale of independent molybdenum mineralization is 1–4 Ma, implying the complexity of tungsten mineralization. Times of molybdenum mineralization are mainly concentrated in the Yanshanian, which includes three stages of 133∼135 Ma, 150–162 Ma, and 166–170 Ma, respectively. The 150–162 Ma‐stage is in accordance with ages of large‐scale W‐Sn mineralization, which is mainly molybdenum mineralization characterized by associated molybdenum mineralization with development of an even greater‐intensity independent molybdenum mineralization. Independent molybdenum mineralization occurred before and after large‐scale W‐Sn mineralization, which indicates that favorable prospecting period for molybdenum may be in Cretaceous and early late Jurassic.
Discovery, Genesis and Significance of Metallic Minerals in Evaporate Series in the Kuqa Basin
Authors: Yangtong CAO , Chenglin LIU , Zhiqiang XUAN , Pengcheng JIAO , Yongzhi CHEN , Chunlian WANG 
Published: December 2011

Abstract:A large‐scale evaporate series is developed in Paleogene‐Neogene strata in the Kuqa basin. The series is composed mainly of evaporate with thin beds of clastic rock (mainly mudstone and siltstone). In grayish white medium‐ and coarse‐grained sandstone in Miocene strata, the formation of copper minerals is in close connection with brine. In joint planes, which are developed in vertical strata, are filled with gypsum. Gypsum and copper‐mineralized sandstone contains enormous copper minerals, mainly atacamite. According to the SEM analysis for salt rock, gypsum rock, limestone, grayish green siltstone, grayish white medium‐coarse‐grained sandstone, some minerals are composed of metallic elements including Au, Ag, Cu, Zn, Pb, Co, Ni and U etc., in which Au occurs in a native form, Cu occurs in a native form or as atacamite in salt rock, gypsum rock and limestone, Ag occurs as silver sulfide in gypsum, and Zn, Pb, Co, Ni, U occur as compounds along with the above metallic ions in evaporate or clastic rock From SEM images, we can see that metallic elements or their compounds (oxides or sulfides) “take root” as grains in salt or gypsum crystals, which belong to primary chemical sedimentation along with evaporate, while some grains “float” on surface of salt or gypsum. In the former case, mineral grains were formed together with salt (gypsum) crystals; while in the latter case, minerals were enriched from internal metallic ions (Paleogene evaporate samples) or external metallic ions (Neogene gypsum samples) in the late stage of evaporate formation. The metallic ions in Paleogene evaporate samples might originate from weathered or denudated materials in the south Tianshan Mountains. The metallic ions in the Neogene evaporate samples might be from metal‐bearing brine, which migrated upward to surface along fractures and leached into evaporate (gypsum). Occurrence of metallic minerals and their compounds (elementary substance) in Paleogene evaporate proves that diversified metallic minerals exist in evaporate. The source of metallic ions in the Neogene evaporate series shows that evaporate could provide materials for late‐stage metallic mineralization.
Geochemical Record of the Cenomanian‐Turonian Anoxic Event in Tunisia: Is it Correlative and Isochronous to the Biotic Signal?
Authors: SOUA Mohamed , ZAGHBIB‐TURKI Dalila , BEN JEMIA Hela , SMAOUI Jalel , BOUKADI Amel 
Published: December 2011

Abstract:In Tunisia, five Bahloul spaced sections, Bargou, Jerisa, Guern Halfaya, Kherij and Gafsa were analyzed for biostratigraphy (foraminifera and radiolarians) and major and trace elements. This high‐resolution biostratigraphic and chemostratigraphic integrated analyses for the Late Cenomanian‐Early Turonian Bahloul Formation provide new insight into the palaeoceanographic evolution of the southern Tethyan margin. Relative low abundance of related terrigenous Ti/Al and K/Al ratios and enrichment of some productivity proxies such as Ba, Cu, and Ni (organic matter related trace elements) suggests that the Bahloul, deposited during a relatively short period (0.5 Ma), was of relatively elevated primary productivity and minimal detrital input. While higher D* values concurrent with lower Ti/Al ratios are interpreted as caused by enhanced fluvial material contribution, due to more humid climate during the OAE‐2. Enhanced humidity triggered probably fluvial influxes, resulted in a sluggish water circulation and consequent anoxic/euxinic conditions favoring the preservation of organic matter at the bottom. Enrichments in redox‐sensitive trace metals U, V, and Mo in the Bahloul Formation deposits and redox indices, such as V/(V+Ni), U/Th, V/Cr, and Ni/Co, indicate that oxygen‐restricted conditions prevailed during the Late Cenomanian to earliest Turonian times and correlate well with relative abundances of some foraminiferal and radiolarian paleo‐environmental relevant indicators. High Baxs values and Uauth may indicate anoxic conditions at least at the water–sediment interface during the Bahloul Formation deposition and provide information about low to moderate sulfate‐reduction reactions.
Last House on the Hill
Authors: Ashley Michael , Tringham Ruth , Perlingieri Cinzia 
Published: December 2011

The aim of our project, Last House on the Hill (LHotH), is to holistically reconstitute the rich multimedia and primary research data with the impressive texts of the monograph, the printed final report of the Berkeley Archaeologists at Çatalhöyük (BACH) project, in which a team from UC Berkeley excavated a group of Neolithic 9000-year old buildings at this famous cultural heritage location in Central Anatolia, Turkey. The Last House on the Hill brings together the published text, complete project database (including all media formats such as photographs, videos, maps, line drawings), related Web sites, data and media outside the direct domain of the BACH project, and recontextualized presentations of the data as remixes, movies, and other interpretive works by BACH team members and many others. We are achieving this through an event-centered, CIDOC-CRM-compatible implementation ontology, expressed through an open-source Web publishing platform, providing open access, transparency and open-endedness to what is normally the closed and final process of monograph publication.
The idea of embedding, interweaving, entangling, and otherwise linking the data and media from archaeological excavations with their interpretation and meaningful presentation in an open access sharable platform has long been an ambition of those of us working in the digital documentation of archaeological research and the public presentation of cultural heritage. Formidable barriers still exist to making it possible for projects to achieve these aims, ranging from intellectual property concerns to providing commitments to the long-term sustainability of the digital content. We believe that our event-centered implementation ontology will make it far easier for archaeologists and researchers in other disciplines to organize, manage, and share their data while gaining the significant benefits of the CIDOC-CRM framework.
This article describes the strategy, goals, architecture, and implementation for the project, emphasizing the novel and innovative approaches that were required to make the project successful.
An implementation of out-of-order execution system for acceleration of computational fluid dynamics on FPGAs
Authors: Akamine Takayuki , Inakagata Kenta , Osana Yasunori , Fujita Naoyuki , Amano Hideharu 
Published: December 2011

CFD is an important tool for designing aircraft components. FaSTAR is one of the most recent CFD program package with various solvers and automatic generation of grid data. However, FaSTAR is difficult to be executed in parallel machines because of its irregular data structure. Here, the surface integral module, one of cores of FaSTAR is implemented in an FPGA for future acceleration using a platform FLOPS-2D.
However, even with hardware execution, the pipeline module suffers from frequent stalls caused by irregular and successive memory access. In order to rid of the problem, a data controller for Out-Of-Order execution was designed and implemented. With the controller, the number of stall was at most 0.02% of the case with inorder execution. The designed module worked at 2.35- fold speed of Intel Core 2 Duo.