bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TRPS1 function beyond breast: A retrospective immunohistochemical study on non‐breast cytology specimens
Authors: Ali Amr , Geetha Saroja , Wu Dongling , Chau Karen , Karam Priyanka , Khutti Seema , Fayyaz Silvat‐Sheik , Das Kasturi , Gimenez Cecilia , Rosca Oana C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionTrichorhinophalangeal syndrome type 1 (TRPS1) has emerged as a reliable immunohistochemistry (IHC) marker for identifying breast origin in metastatic carcinomas. This study investigates the utility of TRPS1 IHC in non‐breast cytology specimens.Materials and MethodsA retrospective search of our pathology database for the year 2021 identified fluids (pleural and peritoneal) and liver, lung and bone fine needle aspirations (FNAs) with surgical follow‐up confirming non‐breast metastatic carcinomas. Cell blocks from cases with sufficient neoplastic cells underwent immunostaining using a rabbit polyclonal antibody against human TRPS1. Cases lacking tumor on deeper levels after the original work‐up were excluded from the study. Two pathologists independently interpreted the TRPS1 staining.ResultsOf 136 cases assessed, 31 (22.79%) exhibited positive TRPS1 staining, while 105 (77.21%) were nonreactive. Positivity rates were observed in tumors of Mullerian cell origin, gastrointestinal tract (GIT), and lung origin at 28.85%, 25%, and 21.57%, respectively. Of the tumors of Mullerian cell origin 10 (66.67%) were serous carcinomas, 4 (26.67%) were endometrioid carcinomas, and one (6.67%) was a clear cell carcinoma. Lung tumors comprised seven (63.64%) squamous cell carcinomas and four (36.36%) adenocarcinomas, while the gastrointestinal tumors consisted of 14 (80%) adenocarcinomas and one (20%) squamous cell carcinoma.ConclusionsAlthough recognized as a sensitive marker for mammary carcinomas, TRPS1 immunostaining was also detected in Mullerian, lung, and GIT carcinomas. This highlights the significance of being cautious when depending solely on TRPS1 immunostaining to distinguish metastatic breast tumors.
Unlocking the potential of hematite photoanodes in acidic electrolytes: Boosting performance with ultra‐small IrOx nanoparticles for efficient water splitting
Authors: Yuan Shao‐Yu , Li Tian‐Tian , Cui Jun‐Yuan , Sun Jian‐Kun , Gong Yan‐Shang , Braun Artur , Liu Hong , Wang Jian‐Jun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhotoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting offers a promising route for harnessing solar energy to produce clean hydrogen fuel sustainably. A major hurdle has been boosting the performance of photoanode materials within acidic electrolytes—a critical aspect for advancing PEC technology. In response to this challenge, we report a method to augment the efficacy of hematite photoanodes under acidic conditions by anchoring IrOx nanoparticles, replete with hydroxyl groups, onto their surface. A remarkable and steady photocurrent density of 1.71 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V versus RHE was achieved, marking a significant leap in PEC efficiency of hematite in acidic media. The introduction of the IrOx layer notably expanded the electrochemically active surface area for more active sites, fostering improved charge separation and transfer. It also served as an effective hole capture layer, drawing photogenerated holes from hematite to facilitate swift migration to the active sites for the water oxidation process. This advancement has the potential to fully harness the capabilities of hematite photoanodes in acidic environments, thereby smoothing the path toward more effective and sustainable hydrogen production through PEC water splitting.
Deep‐sea caridean shrimps collected from the South China Sea with emphasizing their phylogenetic relationships
Authors: Gan Zhibin , Fang Xuefeng , Li Xinzheng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDespite the high biological and ecological diversity of the South China Sea, limited research has been conducted on the deep‐sea species diversity of caridean shrimps. Based on the collections from three scientific expeditions conducted in the South China Sea, 31 caridean species, belonging to nine families, were reported, including the identification of two species not previously documented in this region, namely Janicella spinicauda (A. Milne‐Edwards, 1883) and Systellaspis curvispina Crosnier, 1988. In addition to morphological features, the COI and 16S gene sequences of these species were analyzed to assess their evolutionary relationships within each family. Phylogenetic analyses, with highest species coverage to date, indicated that similarity in morphological characteristics does not always lead to closer phylogenetic relationships and some defining characteristics for specific taxa are not always synapomorphies but may be the result of convergent evolution. Our results establish reliable evolutionary relationships within specific taxa and highlight the necessity for further taxonomic revisions within these taxa.
Development of portable deterioration diagnosis device for oil filled transformers based on near‐infrared spectroscopic information
Authors: Oshima Seiichirou , Suehara Ken‐Ichiro , Fushimi Fumiya , Nakamura Hisahide , Hashimoto Atsushi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA transformer plays a key role in electric power distribution system; therefore, when the transformer fails, several electrical components may get affected. As a result, diagnosing the deterioration of transformers is important for the management of electric power distribution system. The furfural content in the insulating oil of a transformer is widely used as an indicator of deterioration because furfural is generated by the decomposition of insulating paper. However, analyzing the furfural content is time consuming because of the requirement of a professional and the complexity of the diagnosis process. In this study, we propose a novel method for analyzing the amount of furfural in the insulating oil based on near‐infrared spectroscopic data obtained using the developed portable spectrometer, which can be used for the on‐site analysis at transformer installation sites. We selected wavenumbers with high correlation coefficients between the furfural content of oil and the spectroscopic data and estimated the furfural content by partial least squares regression. The results suggest that the furfural content can be analyzed in a few minutes using a small amount of oil through a portable diagnostic device.
Development of low‐torque‐ripple motor with high rotational speed to downsize electrical systems
Authors: Hori Masahiro , Sawahata Masanori , Hara Takafumi , Nagata Minori 
Published: May 2024

AbstractElectrification is progressing across different fields such as automobiles and construction machinery. Motors for electric systems are required to be compact and achieve high power density. In this study, we developed a small motor with rotation speed of 22,000 r/min by reducing stress concentration. Each pole has three magnets in the circumferential direction, and the magnets are arranged in a U‐shape. The magnet insert slots are comprised of expanded flux barriers on the inner diameter side and a guide‐less structure. The magnet slots reduce stress concentration. Additionally, the rotor has two dents on the outer diameter surface and expanded flux barriers on the outer diameter side. The dents have different shapes between the North (N) and South (S) poles. The structures reduce the torque ripple.
FeCo‐Oxalate Organic Framework as an Efficient Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Bao Haibo , Wang Min , Zhang Lingxia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDeveloping nonprecious metallic electrocatalysts for water splitting is of vital importance for sustainable environment and energy technologies. As for oxygen evolution reaction (OER), FeCo‐based bimetallic catalysts have been found to act as promising candidates owing to their high intrinsic activity. Herein, a novel FeCo‐oxalate organic framework was grown on nickel foam (FeCo‐OA@NF) under mild conditions. The optimized electrocatalyst shows good OER performance with a low overpotential of 275 mV at the current density of 100 mA cm−2 in alkaline environment, comparable to that of commercial Ru‐based catalyst. Moreover, the quantification of produced oxygen by both gas chromatography and drainage method demonstrates nearly 100 % Faradaic efficiency. Except for the contribution of Fe and Co species for the excellent OER catalytic activity, in‐situ Raman spectroscopy reveals that the positive effect of oxalate coordination also makes a difference, which can possibly reduce electron transport resistance and provide more active sites. This work provides a promising approach for the preparation of alkaline oxygen evolution electrocatalysts with low‐cost and high performance.
Moral commitment to gender equality increases (mis)perceptions of gender bias in hiring
Authors: Xiao Hualin , Marie Antoine , Strickland Brent 
Published: May 2024

AbstractExploring what modulates people's trust in evidence of hiring discrimination is crucial to the deployment of corrective policies. Here, we explore one powerful source of variation in such judgments: moral commitment to gender equality (MCGE), that is, perceptions of the issue as a moral imperative and as identity‐defining. Across seven experiments (N = 3579), we examined folk evaluations of scientific reports of hiring discrimination in academia. Participants who were more morally committed to gender equality were more likely to trust rigorous, experimental evidence of gender discrimination against women. This association between moral commitment and research evaluations was not reducible to prior beliefs, and largely explained a sex difference in people's evaluations on the issue. On a darker note, however, MCGE was associated with increased chances of fallaciously inferring discrimination against women from contradictory evidence. Overall, our results suggest that moral convictions amplify people's myside bias, bringing about both benefits and costs in the public consumption of science.
Forensic DNA phenotyping using Oxford Nanopore Sequencing system
Authors: Sapan Veysel , Simsek Sumeyye Zulal , Filoğlu Gonul , Bulbul Ozlem 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn forensic science, the demand for precision, consistency, and cost‐effectiveness has driven the exploration of next‐generation sequencing technologies. This study investigates the potential of Oxford Nanopore Sequencing (ONT) Technology for analyzing the HIrisPlex‐S panel, a set of 41 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers used to predict eye, hair, and skin color. Using ONT sequencing, we assessed the accuracy and reliability of ONT‐generated data by comparing it with conventional capillary electrophoresis (CE) in 18 samples. The Guppy v6.1 was used as a basecaller, and sample profiles were obtained using Burrows–Wheeler Aligner, Samtools, BCFtools, and Python. Comparing accuracy with CE, we found that 62% of SNPs in ONT‐unligated samples were correctly genotyped, with 36% showing allele dropout, and 2% being incorrectly genotyped. In the ONT‐ligated samples, 85% of SNPs were correctly genotyped, with 10% showing allele dropout, and 5% being incorrectly genotyped. Our findings indicate that ONT, particularly when combined with ligation, enhances genotyping accuracy and coverage, thereby reducing allele dropouts. However, challenges associated with the technology's error rates and the impact on genotyping accuracy are recognized. Phenotype predictions based on ONT data demonstrate varying degrees of success, with the technology showing high accuracy in several cases. Although ONT technology holds promise in forensic genetics, further optimization and quality control measures are essential to harness its full potential. This study contributes to the ongoing efforts to refine sequence read tuning and improve correction tools in the context of ONT technology's application in forensic genetics.
Consensus Guideline on the Management of Epilepsy in Egypt: A National Delphi Consensus Study
Authors: Kishk Nirmeen , Hosny Hassan , Badry Reda , Elmenshawi Ibrahim , Hamdy Mohamed M. , Shaker Ehab , Shehata Hatem S. , Magdy Rehab , Ramzy Gihan M. , Hemeda Mahmoud , Gaber Ahmed , Abdelhamed Mohamed , Abohagar Ahmed , Yassine Imane A. , Abbas Mohammed , Shaheen Hala A. , Abdel Moety Mahmoud , Metwally Hussein M. H. , Saeed Mohammad Ali , Essmat Ahmed , Abdou Ashraf , Soliman Rasha Hassan , Oraby Mohammed I. , Morad Abd El‐Naser , Kasem Shaimaa Mohammed , Aidaros Magdy , El Heneedy Yasser , ElNemr Ahmed , Elkady Ahmed , Amin Ramy , Abdel Ghany Walid A. , Morsy Ahmed A. , Hamdi Hussein , Shamloul Reham 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveIn epilepsy, early diagnosis, accurate determination of epilepsy type, proper selection of antiseizure medication, and monitoring are all essential. However, despite recent therapeutic advances and conceptual reconsiderations in the classification and management of epilepsy, serious gaps are still encountered in day‐to‐day practice in Egypt as well as several other resource‐limited countries. Premature mortality, poor quality of life, socio‐economic burden, cognitive problems, poor treatment outcomes, and comorbidities are major challenges that require urgent actions to be implemented at all levels. In recognition of this, a group of Egyptian epilepsy experts met through a series of consecutive meetings to specify the main concepts concerning the diagnosis and management of epilepsy, with the ultimate goal of establishing a nationwide Egyptian consensus.MethodsThe consensus was developed through a modified Delphi methodology. A thorough review of the most recent relevant literature and international guidelines was performed to evaluate their applicability to the Egyptian situation. Afterward, several remote and live rounds were scheduled to reach a final agreement for all listed statements.ResultsOf 278 statements reviewed in the first round, 256 achieved ≥80% agreement. Live discussion and refinement of the 22 statements that did not reach consensus during the first round took place, followed by final live voting then consensus was achieved for all remaining statements.SignificanceWith the implementation of these unified recommendations, we believe this will bring about substantial improvements in both the quality of care and treatment outcomes for persons with epilepsy in Egypt.Plain Language SummaryThis work represents the efforts of a group of medical experts to reach an agreement on the best medical practice related to people with epilepsy based on previously published recommendations while taking into consideration applicable options in resource‐limited countries. The publication of this document is expected to minimize many malpractice issues and pave the way for better healthcare services on both individual and governmental levels.
Foredune morphology: Regional patterns and surfzone–beach–dune interactions along the New South Wales coast, Australia
Authors: Doyle Thomas B. , Hesp Patrick A. , Woodroffe Colin D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractForedunes constitute a fundamental part of the coastal environment, acting as a buffer against storm erosion and natural coastal defence. Foredune size and volume play a pivotal role in determining coastal vulnerability to marine hazards, and the governing processes driving variations in foredune morphology, particularly over regional, or larger spatial scales, are still relatively poorly understood. This paper presents a regional‐scale investigation into foredune morphology along the New South Wales (NSW) coast (SE Australia), comprising not only a state‐wide inventory of foredune morphology for use in management/hazard assessment, but also testing long‐standing hypotheses and conceptual models of the physical processes that are driving, or influencing, foredune size. We applied a remote sensing protocol to 47 foredune environments, covering the length of the NSW coastline, comparing morphology (including dune height, width, shape, and volume) of established and incipient foredunes both along, and between, sandy embayments. Results, at regional spatial scales, show that the largest foredunes (volumes up to 850 m3 m−1) occur along the central coast as large, steep landforms; intermediate‐sized dunes (550–650 m3 m−1) were found on both the Mid‐north and Far North coast, and the smallest foredunes (334–380 m3 m−1) occur on the south coast as wider dunes with steep stoss slopes. Surfzone–beach state was found to be the most significant factor influencing foredune size and volume. The more energetic and more dissipative/high‐energy intermediate surfzone–beach states were correlated with larger foredunes (i.e. greater dune volume, width and crest elevation), whereas the lower‐energy surfzone–beach states generally had smaller dunes. Changes in vegetation cover, shoreline orientation and associated onshore (and alongshore) wind systems were also demonstrated to be important factors in determining foredune morphology. The largest foredunes in NSW generally occur to the north of embayments, with dune size decreasing southward with decreasing exposure to wind/wave energy.
Effect of time‐of‐day nivolumab and stereotactic body radiotherapy in metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A secondary analysis of a prospective randomized trial
Authors: Janopaul‐Naylor James R. , Boe Lillian , Yu Yao , Sherman Eric J. , Pfister David G. , Lee Nancy Y. , McBride Sean 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrior work documented circadian rhythm impacts on efficacy and toxicity of cancer therapies.MethodsSecondary analysis of prospective, phase II trial of metastatic HNSCC randomized to nivolumab+/−SBRT. Used cutoffs of 1100 and 1630. Timing classified by first infusion or majority of SBRT (e.g., PM SBRT defined by two or three fractions after 1630).ResultsOf 62 patients, there was no significant difference in median PFS between AM nivolumab (n = 7, 175 days), PM nivolumab (n = 21, 58 days), or Mid‐Day nivolumab (n = 34, 67 days; p = 0.8). There was no significant difference in median PFS with AM SBRT (n = 4, 78 days), PM SBRT (n = 13, 111 days), or Mid‐Day SBRT (n = 15, 63 days; p = 0.8). There was no significant difference in Grade 3–4 toxicity or ORR. Sensitivity analyses with other timepoints were negative.ConclusionsFurther work may elucidate circadian impacts on select patients, tumors, and therapies; however, we found no significant effect in this study.
Effective prediction of SnO2 conduction band edge potential: The key role of surface oxygen vacancies
Authors: Sannino Gennaro Vincenzo , Pecoraro Adriana , Veneri Paola Delli , Pavone Michele , Muñoz‐García Ana Belén 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSeveral theoretical studies at different levels of theory have attempted to calculate the absolute position of the SnO2 conduction band, whose knowledge is key for its effective application in optoelectronic devices such us, for example, perovskite solar cells. However, the predicted band edges fall outside the experimentally measured range. In this work, we introduce a computational scheme designed to calculate the conduction band minimum values of SnO2, yielding results aligned with experiments. Our analysis points out the fundamental role of encompassing surface oxygen vacancies to properly describe the electronic profile of this material. We explore the impact of both bridge and in‐plane oxygen vacancy defects on the structural and electronic properties of SnO2, explaining from an atomistic perspective the experimental observables. The results underscore the importance of simulating both types of defects to accurately predict SnO2 features and provide new fundamental insights that can guide future studies concerning design and optimization of SnO2‐based materials and functional interfaces.
Size‐consistency and orbital‐invariance issues revealed by VQE‐UCCSD calculations with the FMO scheme
Authors: Sugisaki Kenji , Nakano Tatsuya , Mochizuki Yuji 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe fragment molecular orbital (FMO) scheme is one of the popular fragmentation‐based methods and has the potential advantage of making the circuit shallow for quantum chemical calculations on quantum computers. In this study, we used a GPU‐accelerated quantum simulator (cuQuantum) to perform the electron correlation part of the FMO calculation as unitary coupled‐cluster singles and doubles (UCCSD) with the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) for hydrogen‐bonded (FH) and (FH)‐HO systems with the STO‐3G basis set. VQE‐UCCSD calculations were performed using both canonical and localized MO sets, and the results were examined from the point of view of size‐consistency and orbital‐invariance affected by the Trotter error. It was found that the use of localized MO leads to better results, especially for (FH)‐HO. The GPU acceleration was substantial for the simulations with larger numbers of qubits, and was about a factor of 6.7–7.7 for 18 qubit systems.
The interaction of thiocyanate with peptides—A computational study
Authors: Crescenzi Orlando , Graziano Giuseppe 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAccording to the Hofmeister series, thiocyanate is the strongest “salting in” anion. In fact, it has a strong denaturant activity against the native state of globular proteins. A molecular level rationalization of the Hofmeister series is still missing, and therefore the denaturant activity of thiocyanate also awaits a robust explanation. In the last years, different types of experimental studies have shown that thiocyanate is capable to directly interact with both polar and nonpolar groups of polypeptide chains. This finding has been scrutinized via a careful computational procedure based on density functional theory approaches. The results indicate that thiocyanate is able to make H‐bonds via both the nitrogen and sulfur atom, and to make strong van der Waals interactions with almost all the groups of polypeptide chains, regardless of their polarity.
Enhanced personal protective equipment and dental students’ experience and quality of a restorative procedure in a simulated clinical setting
Authors: Miletic Vesna , Avuthu Rajiv , Zaprzala Patrick , Divnic‐Resnik Tihana , Savic‐Stankovic Tatjana , Cabunac Jovan , Stasic Jovana N. , Matic Tamara 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the effects of enhanced personal protective equipment (Enhanced_PPE) on student‐operator's experience and restorative procedure.MethodsStudent‐operators (N = 29 Year 3 dental students) performed Class II composite restorations (SimpliShade, Kerr) in typodont upper molars (OneDental) equipped with N95 respirators, full‐face shields, disposable headwear and gowns (Enhanced_PPE) or surgical masks, protective glasses/goggles and non‐disposable gowns (Standard_PPE) 2 weeks later. Cavity dimensions were measured on cone beam computed tomography images. The quality of composite restorations was assessed using selected FDI criteria and Vickers hardness. A questionnaire assessed the operators' discomfort, anxiety, confidence, ability to perform, and procedure outcome. Data were analyzed using paired t‐test and McNemar test (alpha = 0.05).ResultsStudent‐operators experienced greater discomfort and anxiety, reduced confidence and ability to perform, and rated the procedure as less satisfactory with Enhanced_PPE (p < 0.05). Differences in proximal box width were marginally significant (Enhanced_PPE 1.8 ± 0.4 mm, Standard_PPE 1.6 ± 0.3 mm) (p = 0.047). Other cavity dimensions were similar between groups (p > 0.05) as were restorations regarding surface luster, anatomical form, marginal adaptation, proximal contour, and contact (p > 0.05). There were no differences in the hardness of composite restorations (top p = 0.349, bottom p = 0.334).ConclusionsEnhanced_PPE led to student‐operator discomfort, anxiety, and reduced confidence, but did not impact the quality of Class II preparation and composite restorations versus Standard_PPE.