bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and pathological features of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas lacking the surface expression of immunoglobulin light chains
Authors: Matsushita Hiromichi , Nakamura Naoya , Tanaka Yuzo , Ohgiya Daisuke , Tanaka Yumiko , Damdinsuren Anar , Asai Satomi , Yabe Miharu , Kawada Hiroshi , Ogawa Yoshiaki , Ando Kiyoshi , Miyachi Hayato 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe flow cytometric analysis of surface immunoglobulin light chains (sIgL) is used as a simple method for evaluating monoclonal B-cell proliferation. However, the sIgL expression, κ or λ, is occasionally undetectable in cases with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHL). The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of these B-NHL cases.We retrospectively analyzed 50 cases with previously untreated sIgL-negative B-NHL. All of these cases had been diagnosed at Tokai University Hospital between January 2001 and February 2011. Their medical charts were reviewed.These cases had several clinical features: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) (72%), a high serum lactate dehydrogenase level (66%), clinical stage III and IV (68%), and complex karyotypes (58%). Seven out of eight evaluated patients (87%) did not express cytoplasmic IgL, and the DNA rearrangement pattern of IgL showed diversity in 10 analyzed patients. The 5-year event-free survival of all the sIgL-negative B-NHL cases was significantly better with rituximab-containing chemotherapies in comparison to the regimens without it (57.9% vs. 17.9%, p=0.0207), although there was no statistical significance when the DLBCL cases were analyzed (56.6% vs. 22.2%, p=0.1530).These findings suggest that sIgL-negative B-NHL cases predominantly developed DLBCL in advanced disease, but were heterogeneous at the molecular level.
Collective opinion paper on findings of the 2011 convocation of experts on laboratory quality
Authors: Adams Ortwin , Cooper Greg , Fraser Callum , Hubmann Michael , Jones Graham , Plebani Mario , Sonntag Oswald , Vaubourdolle Michel 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIn April of 2011, Bio-Rad Laboratories Quality System Division (Irvine, CA, USA) hosted its third annual convocation of experts on laboratory quality in the city of Salzburg, Austria. As in the past 2 years, over 60 experts from across Europe, Israel, USA and South Africa convened to discuss contemporary issues and topics of importance to the clinical laboratory. This year’s conference had EN/ISO 15189 and accreditation as the common thread for most discussions, with topics ranging from how to meet requirements like uncertainty to knowledge gained from those already accredited. The participants were divided into five discussion working groups (WG) with assigned topics. The outcome of these discussions is the subject of this summary.
Mid-stream vs. first-voided urine collection by using automated analyzers for particle examination in healthy subjects: an Italian multicenter study
Authors: Manoni Fabio , Gessoni Gianluca , Alessio Maria Grazia , Caleffi Alberta , Saccani Graziella , Silvestri Maria Grazia , Poz Donatella , Ercolin Mauro , Tinello Agostino , Valverde Sara , Ottomano Cosimo , Lippi Giuseppe 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIn analogy with other areas of laboratory diagnostics, the pre-analytical phase is the leading source of variability also in urinalysis. We carried out a multicentric study for comparing results obtained from first-voided and mid-stream urine samples.Each of the six hospital-based clinical laboratories participating to this study recruited 50 healthy subjects among laboratory staff and/or their relatives. Two consecutive samples of the first morning micturition were collected by vacuum system, the first from the first-void and the second from the mid-stream. Routine urinalysis was performed using dip-stick automated analyzers for chemical examination and automated analyzers for formed particle examination (Sysmex UF-100, Sysmex UF-1000i and Iris iQ-200).Counts of epithelial cells (EC), erythrocytes (ERY) and leukocytes (LEU) but not for cylinders (CAS) were significantly higher in the first-voided samples. A significantly higher count of EC, ERY and LEU was also observed between females and males in first-voided samples, whereas no significant difference could be found in mid-stream samples. Health related analyzer specific upper reference limits (URL) were CAS≤1, EC≤5, ERY≤19, Leu≤13 for UF-100; CAS≤1, EC≤4, ERY≤15, Leu≤11 for UF-1000i; CAS≤1, EC≤4, ERY≤18, Leu≤10 for iQ200. The overall prevalence of subjects with cellular elements count exceeding URL was also higher in first-voided than in mid-stream samples.Mid-stream urine was confirmed as the most appropriate sample, since the presence of contaminating elements, such as bacteria, analytes and formed particles are minimized.
High-throughput detection, genotyping and quantification of the human papillomavirus using real-time PCR
Authors: Micalessi Isabel M. , Boulet Gaëlle A.V. , Bogers Johannes J. , Benoy Ina H. , Depuydt Christophe E. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe establishment of the causal relationship between high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection and cervical cancer and its precursors has resulted in the development of HPV DNA detection systems. Currently, real-time PCR assays for the detection of HPV, such as the RealTime High Risk (HR) HPV assay (Abbott) and the cobas® 4800 HPV Test (Roche Molecular Diagnostics) are commercially available. However, none of them enables the detection and typing of all HR-HPV types in a clinical high-throughput setting. This paper describes the laboratory workflow and the validation of a type-specific real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay for high-throughput HPV detection, genotyping and quantification. This assay is routinely applied in a liquid-based cytology screening setting (700 samples in 24 h) and was used in many epidemiological and clinical studies.The TaqMan-based qPCR assay enables the detection of 17 HPV genotypes and β-globin in seven multiplex reactions. These HPV types include all 12 high-risk types (HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59), three probably high-risk types (HPV53, 66 and 68), one low-risk type (HPV6) and one undetermined risk type (HPV67).An analytical sensitivity of ≤100 copies was obtained for all the HPV types. The analytical specificity of each primer pair was 100% and an intra- and inter-run variability of <6.4% was observed.The type-specific real-time PCR approach enables detection of 17 HPV types, identification of the HPV type and determination of the viral load in a single sensitive assay suitable for high-throughput screening.
Proteinase-activated receptors (PARs): differential signalling by kallikrein-related peptidases KLK8 and KLK14
Authors: Ramachandran Rithwik , Eissa Azza , Mihara Koichiro , Oikonomopoulou Katerina , Saifeddine Mahmoud , Renaux Bernard , Diamandis Eleftherios , Hollenberg Morley D. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
We compared signalling pathways such as calcium transients, MAPK activation, β-arrestin interactions and receptor internalization triggered by kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) 8 and 14 in human and rat proteinase-activated receptor (PAR)2-expressing human embryonic kidney (HEK) and Kirsten transformed rat kidney (KNRK) cells. Further, we analysed processing by KLK8 vs. KLK14 of synthetic human and rat PAR2-derived sequences representing the cleavage-activation domain of PAR2. Our data show that like KLK14, KLK8 can unmask a PAR2 receptor-activating sequence from a peptide precursor. However, whilst KLK8, like KLK14, can signal in rat-PAR2-expressing KNRK cells, this enzyme cannot signal via human PAR2 in HEK or KNRK cells, but rather, disarms HEK PAR1. Thus, KLK8 and KLK14 can signal differentially via the PARs to affect tissue function.
The Production of p-Cresol Sulfate and Indoxyl Sulfate in Vegetarians Versus Omnivores
Authors: Patel Kajal P. , Luo Frank J.-G. , Plummer Natalie S. , Hostetter Thomas H. , Meyer Timothy W. 
Published: April 2012

Summary

Background and objectives
The uremic solutes p-cresol sulfate (PCS) and indoxyl sulfate (IS) are generated by colon bacteria acting on food components that escape absorption in the small bowel. The production of these potentially toxic compounds may thus be influenced by diet. This study examined whether production of PCS and IS is different in vegetarians and omnivores.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
The production of PCS and IS was assessed by measuring their urinary excretion rates in participants with normal kidney function. Studies were carried out in 15 vegetarians and 11 individuals consuming an unrestricted diet. Participants recorded food intake over 4 days and collected urine over the final 2 days of each of two study periods, which were 1 month apart.

Results
Average PCS excretion was 62% lower (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 15–83) and average IS excretion was 58% lower (95% CI, 39–71) in vegetarians than in participants consuming an unrestricted diet. Food records revealed that lower excretion of PCS and IS in vegetarians was associated with a 69% higher (95% CI, 20–139) fiber intake and a 25% lower (95% CI, 3–42) protein intake. PCS and IS excretion rates varied widely among individual participants and were not closely correlated with each other but tended to remain stable in individual participants over 1 month.

Conclusions
PCS and IS production rates are markedly lower in vegetarians than in individuals consuming an unrestricted diet.
Sexual Dysfunction in Women with ESRD Requiring Hemodialysis
Authors: Strippoli Giovanni F.M. 
Published: April 2012

Summary

Background and objectives
The few existing studies of sexual dysfunction in women on hemodialysis are limited by small sample size. This large, cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence and correlates of female sexual dysfunction in advanced kidney disease.

Design, setting, participants, & methods
A total of 1472 women with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis were recruited to a multinational, cross-sectional study conducted within a collaborative dialysis network in Europe and South America. Sexual dysfunction was identified by the Female Sexual Function Index. Correlates of self-reported sexual dysfunction were identified by regression analyses.

Results
Of the 1472 women, 659 completed questionnaires (45%). More than half (362 of 659 [55%]) lived with a partner, and 232 of 659 (35%) reported being sexually active. Of these 659 respondents, 555 (84%) reported sexual dysfunction. Women with a partner (282 of 362 [78%]) were less likely to report sexual dysfunction than those without a partner (273 of 297 [92%]) (P<0.001). Sexual dysfunction was independently associated with age, depressive symptoms, less education, menopause, diabetes, and diuretic therapy. Nearly all women who were not wait-listed for a kidney transplant and were living without a partner (249 of 260 [96%]) reported sexual dysfunction. More than half (128 of 232 [55%]) of sexually active women reported sexual dysfunction, associated with age, depressive symptoms, menopause, low serum albumin, and diuretic therapy.

Conclusions
This descriptive study suggests most women on hemodialysis experience sexual problems. Additional research on the relevance of sexual dysfunction to symptom burden and quality of life in these women is needed.
Effects of Interferential Therapy Parameter Combinations Upon Experimentally Induced Pain in Pain-Free Participants: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Dounavi Myrto D. , Chesterton Linda S. , Sim Julius 
Published: April 2012

Background
Little evidence exists regarding parameter selection for hypoalgesia using interferential therapy (IFT).

Objective
This study investigated segmental and extrasegmental hypoalgesic effects of different IFT parameter combinations upon experimentally induced pressure pain threshold (PPT) in pain-free volunteers.

Design
The participants were randomly assigned to 6 groups: control, placebo, bipolar constant amplitude modulation frequency (AMF), bipolar sweep AMF, quadripolar constant AMF, and quadripolar sweep AMF.

Setting
The study was conducted in a university laboratory.

Participants
One hundred eighty adults who were healthy and pain-free participated in the study.

Intervention
Interferential therapy was delivered to all groups at high, to-tolerance intensity and at high AMF. Stimulation to the dominant forearm was delivered for 30 minutes, with monitoring for a further 30 minutes.

Measurements
Pain pressure threshold was measured at the area of first dorsal interosseous muscle of the dominant and nondominant hands (segmental measurements) and over the tibialis anterior muscle (extrasegmental measurement) at baseline and at 10-minute intervals using a pressure algometer. Square root transformed PPT data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance.

Results
There was a significant change in PPT over time, but no significant between-subjects difference in segmental or extrasegmental PPT between any of the IFT groups and the placebo or control group. Thus, IFT delivered in any of these parameter combinations did not significantly affect the PPT of pain-free participants compared with the control or placebo group.

Limitations
Success of blinding was not evaluated.

Conclusions
This study showed that IFT delivered at high, to-tolerance intensity and high AMF does not produce significant segmental and extrasegmental hypoalgesic effects on PPT in participants who were healthy compared with a control or placebo group. Further research is warranted to investigate the hypoalgesic effect of different IFT parameter combinations and to explain its possible mechanism of action.
Physical Therapy on the Wards After Early Physical Activity and Mobility in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Hopkins Ramona O. , Miller Russell R. , Rodriguez Larissa , Spuhler Vicki , Thomsen George E. 
Published: April 2012

Background
Weakness and debilitation are common following critical illness. Studies that assess whether early physical activity initiated in the intensive care unit (ICU) continues after a patient is transferred to a ward are lacking.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to assess whether physical activity and mobility initiated during ICU treatment were maintained after patients were discharged from a single ICU to a ward.

Design
This was a cohort study.

Methods
Consecutive patients who were diagnosed with respiratory failure and admitted to the respiratory ICU (RICU) at LDS Hospital underwent early physical activity and mobility as part of usual care. Medical data, the number of requests for a physical therapy consultation or nursing assistance with ambulation at ICU discharge, and mobility data were collected during the first 2 full days on the ward.

Results
Of the 72 patients who participated in the study, 65 had either a physical therapy consultation or a request for nursing assistance with ambulation at ward transfer. Activity level decreased in 40 participants (55%) on the first full ward day. Of the 61 participants who ambulated 100 ft (30.48 m) or more on the last full RICU day, 14 did not ambulate, 22 ambulated less than 100 ft, and 25 ambulated 100 ft or more on the first ward day.

Limitations
Limitations include lack of data regarding why activity was not performed on the ward, lack of longitudinal follow-up to assess effects of activity, and lack of generalizability to patients not transferred to a ward or not treated in an ICU with an early mobility program.

Conclusions
Despite the majority of participants having a physical therapy consultation or a request for nursing assistance with ambulation at the time of transfer to the medical ward, physical activity levels decreased in over half of participants on the first full ward day. The data suggest a need for education of ward staff regarding ICU debilitation, enhanced communication among care providers, and focus on the importance of patient-centered outcomes during and following ICU treatment.
Does the load-sharing classification predict ligamentous injury, neurological injury, and the need for surgery in patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures?
Authors: Radcliff Kristen , Kepler Christopher K. , Rubin Todd A. , Maaieh Motasem , Hilibrand Alan S. , Harrop James , Rihn Jeffrey A. , Albert Todd J. , Vaccaro Alexander R. 
Published: April 2012

Object
The load-sharing score (LSS) of vertebral body comminution is predictive of results after short-segment posterior instrumentation of thoracolumbar burst fractures. Some authors have posited that an LSS > 6 is predictive of neurological injury, ligamentous injury, and the need for surgical intervention. However, the authors of the present study hypothesized that the LSS does not predict ligamentous or neurological injury.

Methods
The prospectively collected spinal cord injury database from a single institution was queried for thoracolumbar burst fractures. Study inclusion criteria were acute (< 24 hours) burst fractures between T-10 and L-2 with preoperative CT and MRI. Flexion-distraction injuries and pathological fractures were excluded. Four experienced spine surgeons determined the LSS and posterior ligamentous complex (PLC) integrity. Neurological status was assessed from a review of the medical records.

Results
Forty-four patients were included in the study. There were 4 patients for whom all observers assigned an LSS > 6, recommending operative treatment. Eleven patients had LSSs ≤ 6 across all observers, suggesting that nonoperative treatment would be appropriate. There was moderate interobserver agreement (0.43) for the overall LSS and fair agreement (0.24) for an LSS > 6. Correlations between the LSS and the PLC score averaged 0.18 across all observers (range −0.02 to 0.34, p value range 0.02–0.89). Correlations between the LSS and the American Spinal Injury Association motor score averaged −0.12 across all observers (range −0.25 to −0.03, p value range 0.1–0.87). Correlations describing the relationship between an LSS > 6 and the treating physician's decision to operate averaged 0.17 across all observers (range 0.11–0.24, p value range 0.12–0.47).

Conclusions
The LSS does not uniformly correlate with the PLC injury, neurological status, or empirical clinical decision making. The LSSs of only one observer correlated significantly with PLC injury. There were no significant correlations between the LSS as determined by any observer and neurological status or clinical decision making.
Microsurgical management of glomus spinal arteriovenous malformations: pial resection technique
Authors: Velat Gregory J. , Chang Steve W. , Abla Adib A. , Albuquerque Felipe C. , McDougall Cameron G. , Spetzler Robert F. 
Published: April 2012

Object
Intramedullary, or glomus, spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare vascular lesions amenable to resection with or without adjuvant embolization. The authors retrospectively reviewed the senior author's (R.F.S.'s) surgical series of intramedullary spinal AVMs to evaluate clinical and radiographic outcomes.

Methods
Detailed chart and radiographic reviews were performed for all patients with intramedullary spinal AVMs who underwent surgical treatment between 1994 and 2011. Presenting and follow-up neurological examination results were obtained and graded using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and McCormick Scale. Surgical technique, outcomes, complications, and long-term angiographic studies were reviewed.

Results
During the study period, 20 patients (10 males and 10 females) underwent resection of glomus spinal AVMs. The mean age at presentation was 30 ± 17 years (range 7–62 years). The location of the AVMs was as follows: cervical spine (n = 10), thoracic spine (n = 9), and cervicothoracic junction (n = 1). The most common presenting signs and symptoms included paresis or paralysis (65%), paresthesias (40%), and myelopathy (40%). Perioperative embolization was performed in the majority (60%) of patients. Pial AVM resection was performed in 17 cases (85%). Angiographically verified AVM obliteration was achieved in 15 patients (75%). At a mean follow-up duration of 45.4 ± 52.4 months (range 2–176 months), 14 patients (70%) remained functionally independent (mRS and McCormick Scale scores ≤ 2). One perioperative complication occurred, yielding a surgical morbidity rate of 5%. Three symptomatic spinal cord tetherings occurred at a mean of 5.7 years after AVM resection. No neurological decline was observed after endovascular and surgical interventions. No deaths occurred. Long-term angiographic follow-up data were available for 9 patients (40%) at a mean of 67.6 ± 60.3 months (range 5–176 months) following AVM resection. Durable AVM obliteration was documented in 5 (83%) of 6 patients.

Conclusions
Intramedullary AVMs may be safely resected with satisfactory clinical and angiographic results. The pial resection technique, which provides subtotal AVM nidus resection, effectively devascularized these lesions, as confirmed on postoperative angiography, without violating the spinal cord parenchyma, thereby potentially reducing iatrogenic injury.
Nietzsche and/in/on Translation
Authors: Large Duncan 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Nietzsche reflects on translation at two key points in his published works, GS 83 and BGE 28, and these passages have been frequently anthologized in translation studies readers. He was not otherwise much exercised by questions of translation, though, and when he uses the German word for translation (Übersetzung), the majority of instances are figurative. As an academic classicist Nietzsche himself translated between German, Greek, and Latin, but his command of modern foreign languages was relatively unimpressive, and he viewed language learning as a necessary evil, looking forward to the time when a new lingua franca would obviate the need for language learning or translation at all. Nonetheless Nietzsche was very keen to secure translators for his own works: early French translations in his mentally active lifetime were followed by a flurry of further translations from the 1890s, when English translations also began to appear. After the Second World War Walter Kaufmann and R. J. Hollingdale's English versions achieved preeminence, but by now the range of English translations is very diverse. The stylistic challenges facing the prospective translator of Nietzsche filled Peter Newmark with apprehension, but the present author adopts a more pragmatic position and concludes by speculating that the translator might represent the best approximation to Nietzsche's ideal reader.
Nietzsche's Will to Power as a Psychological Thesis: Reactions to Bernard Reginster
Authors: Soll Ivan 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
While agreeing with Bernard Reginster that Nietzsche's advocacy of the will to power as a psychological thesis is much more fundamental than his extension of it as a cosmological or metaphysical thesis, I criticize him for failing to support this interpretation, and I attempt to supply an analysis that does support it. Then, I take issue with the common tendency to sanitize Nietzsche's theory of the will to power, to make it more palatable—and with Reginster's treatment of this issue. This leads me to an examination of Nietzsche's conception of power—and a critique of Reginster's account of it.