bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gabapentin therapy in patients with orofacial neuropathic pain: Report of 12 cases
Authors: Seto Mika , Sakamoto Yumiko , Furuta Haruhiko , Kikuta Toshihiro 
Published: June 2011

AbstractObjective: There are several types of orofacial neuropathic pain and some of these types are often refractory to treatment. Gabapentin is an oral antiepileptic agent with a proven analgesic effect in various traumatic neuropathic pain syndromes. We retrospectively examined the analgesic effect of gabapentin on non‐dental and non‐traumatic orofacial neuropathic pain.Subjects and methods: This study included 12 patients. All patients showed an excessive response to noxious (hyperalgesia) and/or innocuous (allodynia) stimuli in the affected region. Gabapentin therapy was initiated with a dosage of 200–600 mg/day. Pain intensity was assessed using a modified numerical rating scale (m‐NRS) (0, no pain; 10, pain equal to that experienced on the day gabapentin therapy was initiated). In addition, the side effects were also recorded.Results: All the patients had received medications for their pain prior to referral, but the drugs failed to provide adequate relief from their neuropathic pain. The m‐NRS scores for all patients started decreasing within 7 days after internal use was initiated. The average time taken for the m‐NRS score to decrease to half was 3.3 (1.7) days. Side effects were observed in 2 patients.Conclusion: We concluded that gabapentin therapy is efficacious for the treatment of orofacial neuropathic pain in selected patients.
Symmetric presentations of Coxeter groups
Authors: Fairbairn Ben 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe apply the techniques of symmetric generation to establish the standard presentations of the finite simply laced irreducible finite Coxeter groups, that is, the Coxeter groups of typesAn,DnandEn, and show that these are naturally arrived at purely through consideration of certain natural actions of symmetric groups. We go on to use these techniques to provide explicit representations of these groups.
Some algebras of symmetric analytic functions and their spectra
Authors: Chernega Iryna , Galindo Pablo , Zagorodnyuk Andriy 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn the spectrum of the algebra of symmetric analytic functions of bounded type on ℓp, 1 ≤ p < +∞, and along the same lines as the general non-symmetric case, we define and study a convolution operation and give a formula for the ‘radius’ function. It is also proved that the algebra of analytic functions of bounded type on ℓ1 is isometrically isomorphic to an algebra of symmetric analytic functions on a polydisc of ℓ1. We also consider the existence of algebraic projections between algebras of symmetric polynomials and the corresponding subspace of subsymmetric polynomials.
Spatial Inequity and National Territory: Remapping 1905 in Bengal and Assam
Authors: LUDDEN DAVID 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn 1905, Viceroy Nathaniel Curzon applied well-worn principles of imperial order to reorganize northeastern regions of British India, bringing the entire Meghna-Brahmaputra river basin into one new administrative territory: the province of Eastern Bengal and Assam. He thereby launched modern territorial politics in South Asia by provoking an expansive and ultimately victorious nationalist agitation to unify Bengal and protect India's territorial integrity. This movement and its economic programme (swadeshi) expressed Indian nationalist opposition to imperial inequity. It established a permanent spatial frame for Indian national thought. It also expressed and naturalized spatial inequity inside India, which was increasing at the time under economic globalization. Spatial inequities in the political economy of uneven development have animated territorial politics in South Asia ever since. A century later, another acceleration of globalization is again increasing spatial inequity, again destabilizing territorial order, as nationalists naturalize spatial inequity in national territory and conflicts erupt from the experience of living in disadvantaged places. Remapping 1905 in the long twentieth century which connects these two periods of globalization, spanning eras of empire and nation, reveals spatial dynamics of modernity concealed by national maps and brings to light a transnational history of spatial inequity shared by Bangladesh and Northeast India.
The structure of depression, anxiety and somatic symptoms in primary care
Authors: Simms L. J. , Prisciandaro J. J. , Krueger R. F. , Goldberg D. P. 
Published: June 2011

BackgroundObserved co-morbidity among the mood and anxiety disorders has led to the development of increasingly sophisticated dimensional models to represent the common and unique features of these disorders. Patients often present to primary care settings with a complex mixture of anxiety, depression and somatic symptoms. However, relatively little is known about how somatic symptoms fit into existing dimensional models.MethodWe examined the structure of 91 anxiety, depression and somatic symptoms in a sample of 5433 primary care patients drawn from 14 countries. One-, two- and three-factor lower-order models were considered; higher-order and hierarchical variants were studied for the best-fitting lower-order model.ResultsA hierarchical, bifactor model with all symptoms loading simultaneously on a general factor, along with one of three specific anxiety, depression and somatic factors, was the best-fitting model. The general factor accounted for the bulk of symptom variance and was associated with psychosocial dysfunction. Specific depression and somatic symptom factors accounted for meaningful incremental variance in diagnosis and dysfunction, whereas anxiety variance was associated primarily with the general factor.ConclusionsThe results (a) are consistent with previous studies showing the presence and importance of a broad internalizing or distress factor linking diverse emotional disorders, and (b) extend the bounds of internalizing to include somatic complaints with non-physical etiologies.
Depressive symptom dimensions and cardiac prognosis following myocardial infarction: results from the ENRICHD clinical trial
Authors: Bekke-Hansen S. , Trockel M. , Burg M. M. , Taylor C. Barr 
Published: June 2011

BackgroundDepression following myocardial infarction (MI) independently increases risk for early cardiac morbidity and mortality. Studies suggest that somatic, but not cognitive, depressive symptoms are responsible for the increased risk. However, the effects of somatic depressive symptoms at follow-up, after sufficient time has elapsed to allow for physical recovery from the initial infarction, are not known. Our aim was to examine the relationship between cognitive and somatic depressive symptom dimensions at baseline and 12 months post-MI and subsequent mortality and cardiovascular morbidity.MethodPatients were 2442 depressed and/or socially isolated men and women with acute MI included in the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) clinical trial. We used principal components analysis (PCA) of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) items to derive subscales measuring cognitive and somatic depressive symptom dimensions, and Cox regression with Bonferroni correction for multiple testing to examine the contribution of these dimensions to all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and first recurrent non-fatal MI.ResultsAfter adjusting for medical co-morbidity and Bonferroni correction, the somatic depressive symptom dimension assessed proximately following MI did not significantly predict any endpoints. At 12 months post-MI, however, this dimension independently predicted subsequent all-cause [hazard ratio (HR) 1.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.13–1.81] and cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.17–2.18). No significant associations were found between the cognitive depressive symptom dimension and any endpoints after Bonferroni correction.ConclusionsSomatic symptoms of depression at 12 months post-MI in patients at increased psychosocial risk predicted subsequent mortality. Psychosocial interventions aimed at improving cardiac prognosis may be enhanced by targeting somatic depressive symptoms, with particular attention to somatic symptom severity at 12 months post-MI.
Acquisition of compound words in Chinese–English bilingual children: Decomposition and cross-language activation
Authors: CHENG CHENXI , WANG MIN , PERFETTI CHARLES A. 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTThis study investigated compound processing and cross-language activation in a group of Chinese–English bilingual children, and they were divided into four groups based on the language proficiency levels in their two languages. A lexical decision task was designed using compound words in both languages. The compound words in one language contained two free constituent morphemes that mapped onto the desired translations in the other language, such as tooth(牙) brush(刷).Two types of compound words were included: transparent (e.g., toothbrush) and opaque (e.g., deadline) words. Results showed that children were more accurate in judging semantically transparent compounds in English. The lexicality of translated compounds in Chinese affected lexical judgment accuracy on English compounds, independent of semantic transparency and language proficiency. Implications for compound processing and bilingual lexicon models are discussed.
The Witch-Hunting Vanguard: The Central Secretariat's Roles and Activities in the Anti-Rightist Campaign
Authors: Chung Yen-lin 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWhen the king went astray, the people suffered for it. Just as a wayward king needed loyal and capable courtiers to implement his wishes, so too did Mao Zedong in the People's Republic of China. The Anti-Rightist Campaign was one of Mao's controversial policies, and involved him delegating his trusted followers to implement his political initiatives. This article examines how the Central Secretariat, led by Deng Xiaoping, effectively implemented and strictly supervised the process, as well as the negative influences of the Central Secretariat on this witch-hunt-like campaign. It thus provides a case study of how the Central Secretariat operated and functioned as a powerful political apparatus in the political processes of the Chinese Communist Party during the pre-Cultural Revolution period.
Irregular plurals in Brazilian Portuguese: An exemplar model approach
Authors: Huback Ana Paula 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis paper discusses a group of Brazilian Portuguese plurals that end with the nasal diphthong [–ão] in their singular form. When pluralized, these words can take three plural forms: [–ões], [–ãos], or [–ães]. Each of these words has an etymological source that defines which morpheme should be applied to the plural form. However, in some cases, a different plural form is used instead of the etymological one. A set of psycholinguistic experiments was carried out with Brazilian Portuguese speakers. The goal was to analyze whether token or type frequency affects the choice of plural form for these words. The results show an interaction between type and token frequency, in the sense that type frequency serves as the basis for analogy, and token frequency can determine which words will be affected by the variation.
What do Religious Believers Believe?
Authors: Norman Richard 
Published: June 2011

A common response to Richard Dawkins' assault on religious belief has been that he is attacking a straw man. The beliefs of religious believers, so the protest goes, are not as crude and simplistic as the ones which he attributes to them. Here is Terry Eagleton's comment to that effect:
Imagine someone holding forth on biology whose only knowledge of the subject is the Book of British Birds, and you have a rough idea of what it feels like to read Richard Dawkins on theology. Card-carrying rationalists like Dawkins…invariably come up with vulgar caricatures of religious faith that would make a first-year theology student wince.
The role of AGN jets and intracluster magnetic fields in the formation and acceleration of cosmic rays
Authors: Gizani Nectaria A. B. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractUsing radio and X-ray data of two powerful radio galaxies, we attempt to find out the role that radio jets (in terms of composition and power), as well as intracluster magnetic fields, play in the formation, propagation, and acceleration of cosmic rays. For this study we have selected the powerful radio galaxies Hercules A and 3C 310 because of the presence of ring-like features in their kpc-scale radio emission instead of the usual hotspots. These two FR1.5 lie at the center of galaxy cooling flow clusters in a dense environment. We observed the unique jets of Hercules both in kpc-scales (multifrequency VLA data) and pc-scales (EVN observations at 18 cm). We have also observed the core and inner jets of 3C310 at 18 cm using global VLBI. We report on the work in progress.
Searching for radio relics and halos. Their role in the formation and acceleration of extragalactic cosmic rays
Authors: Gizani Nectaria A. B. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe search for extended regions of radio emission not associated with Active Galactic Nuclei, known as ‘relics’, ‘halos’ and ‘mini halos’, in a sample of 70 Abell clusters for which we have radio, optical and X-ray data. AGN can produce particle bubbles of non-thermal emission, which can restrict cosmic rays. Hence, radio relics and (mini) halos could be forming as a result of the confinement of cosmic rays by these bubbles. We are probing the role that intracluster magnetic fields (using Faraday rotation measure and inverse compton arguments), mergers (through radio/X-ray interactions), cooling flows (X-ray data), radio jets/shocks, as well as radio (mini) halos/relics, play in the formation, acceleration, and propagation of cosmic rays. For the current study, we have selected two powerful nearby radio galaxies from our sample: Hercules A and 3C 388. We report on the work in progress and future plans.
Precessing AGN jets, bubbles and cooling flows
Authors: Falceta-Gonçalves D. , Caproni A. , Abraham Z. , de Gouveia Dal Pino E. M. , Teixeira D. M. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractSeveral galaxy clusters are known to present multiple and misaligned pairs of cavities seen in X-rays, as well as twisted kiloparsec-scale jets at radio wavelengths. It suggests that the AGN precessing jets play a role in the formation of the misaligned bubbles. Also, X-ray spectra reveal that typically these systems are also able to supress cooling flows, predicted theoretically. The absence of cooling flows in galaxy clusters has been a mistery for many years since numerical simulations and analytical studies suggest that AGN jets are highly energetic, but are unable to redistribute it at all directions. We performed 3D hydrodynamical simulations of the interaction between a precessing AGN jet and the warm intracluster medium plasma, in which dynamics is coupled to a NFW dark matter gravitational potential. Radiative cooling has been taken into account and the cooling flow problem was studied. We found that precession is responsible for multiple pairs of bubbles, as observed. The misaligned bubbles rise up to scales of tens of kiloparsecs, where the thermal energy released by the jets are redistributed. After ~150 Myrs, the temperature of the gas within the cavities is kept of order of ~107 K, while the denser plasma of the intracluster medium at the central regions reaches T ~ 105 K. The existence of multiple bubbles, at diferent directions, results in an integrated temperature along the line of sight much larger than the simulations of non-precessing jets. This result is in agreement with the observations. The simulations reveal that the cooling flows cessed ~50–70 Myr after the AGN jets are started.
Patient and Clinical Site Factors Associated With Rescreening Behavior Among Older Multiethnic, Low-Income Women
Authors: Fox Patrick , Arnsberger Pamela , Owens Desi , Nussey Brenda , Zhang Xiluan , Golding Jacqueline M. , Tabnak Farzaneh , Otero-Sabogal Regina 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Purpose:  Our goal was to identify factors predictive of mammography rescreening within 18 months of baseline screening in multiethnic, low-income older women. Design and Methods: We interviewed a cross-sectional survey of staff of 102 randomly selected clinics that provided screening and diagnostic services. We also surveyed a random sample of 391 older women served by these clinics to retrospectively assess their experiences of the screening process. Results: We found that 59% of the sample returned for a repeat mammogram. Education level and the belief it is important to get an annual mammogram were significant patient-level predictors of rescreening. Offering pap smears and using hands-on demonstrations with breast models were significant clinic-level variables predictive of rescreening. Of note, among the variables that did not prove significant in the final model were those reflecting ethnicity and income. Implications: Individual and health-care-delivery-system factors play important roles in the obtaining of regular mammograms by low-income women. These findings highlight the importance of both factors in improving rescreening rates among older women.
Polymorphism in the couch potato gene clines in eastern Australia but is not associated with ovarian dormancy in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: LEE SIU F. , SGRÒ CARLA M. , SHIRRIFFS JENNIFER , WEE CHOON W. , RAKO LEA , Van HEERWAARDEN BELINDA , HOFFMANN ARY A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractNatural selection can generate parallel latitudinal clines in traits and gene frequencies across continents, but these have rarely been linked. An amino acid (isoleucine to lysine, or I462K) polymorphism of the couch potato (cpo) gene in Drosophila melanogaster is thought to control female reproductive diapause cline in North America (Schmidt et al. 2008, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 105, 16207–16211). Here, we show that under standard diapause‐inducing conditions (12 °C and short photoperiod) (Saunders et al. 1989, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 86, 3748–3752), egg maturation in Australian flies is delayed, but not arrested at previtellogenic stages. At 12 °C, the phenotypic distribution in egg development was bimodal at stages 8 and 14 and showed a strong nonlinear pattern on the east coast of Australia, with incidence of egg maturation delay (ovarian dormancy) increasing both toward tropical and temperate climates. Furthermore, we found no evidence for an association between the cpo I462K polymorphism and ovarian dormancy at either 12 or 10 °C (when egg maturation was often delayed at stage 7). Owing to strong linkage disequilibrium, the latitudinal cline in cpo allele frequencies was no longer evident once variation in the In(3R)P inversion polymorphism was taken into account. Our results suggest that the standard diapause‐inducing conditions (12 °C and short photoperiod) were not sufficient to cause the typical previtellogenic developmental arrest in Australian flies and that the cpo I462K polymorphism does not explain the observed delay in egg development. In conclusion, ovarian dormancy does not show a simple latitudinal cline, and the lack of cpo‐dormancy association suggests a different genetic basis to reproductive dormancy in North America and Australia.
Latitudinal and voltinism compensation shape thermal reaction norms for growth rate
Authors: SHAMA LISA N. S. , CAMPERO‐PAZ MELINA , WEGNER K. MATHIAS , DE BLOCK MARJAN , STOKS ROBBY 
Published: June 2011

AbstractLatitudinal variation in thermal reaction norms of key fitness traits may inform about the response of populations to climate warming, yet their adaptive nature and evolutionary potential are poorly known. We assessed the contribution of quantitative genetic, neutral genetic and environmental effects to thermal reaction norms of growth rate for populations of the damselfly Ischnura elegans. Among populations, reaction norms differed primarily in elevation, suggesting that time constraints associated with shorter growth seasons in univoltine, high‐latitude as well as multivoltine, low‐latitude populations selected for faster growth rates. Phenotypic divergence among populations is consistent with selection rather than drift as QST was greater than FST in all cases. QST estimates increased with experimental temperature and were influenced by genotype by environment interactions. Substantial additive genetic variation for growth rate in all populations suggests that evolution of trait means in different environments is not constrained. Heritability of growth rates was higher at high temperature, driven by increased genetic rather than environmental variance. While environment‐specific nonadditive effects also may contribute to heritability differences among temperatures, maternal effects did not play a significant role (where these could be accounted for). Genotype by environment interactions strongly influenced the adaptive potential of populations, and our results suggest the potential for microevolution of thermal reaction norms in each of the studied populations. In summary, the observed latitudinal pattern in growth rates is adaptive and results from a combination of latitudinal and voltinism compensation. Combined with the evolutionary potential of thermal reaction norms, this may affect populations’ ability to respond to future climate warming.