bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Placement Depth on Bone Remodeling Around Tapered Internal Connection Implant: A Clinical and Radiographic Study in Dogs
Authors: Huang Baoxin , Meng Huanxin , Piao Muzi , Xu Li , Zhang Li , Zhu Weidong 
Published: January 2012

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of placement depth on bone remodeling around implants with two different types of tapered internal implant–abutment interface (IAI): tapped‐in (TI) tapered internal IAI and screwed‐in (SI) tapered internal IAI in dogs.Methods: The second, third, and fourth premolars and the first molar in mandibles of six beagle dogs were extracted. After 8 weeks, two SI implants and two TI implants were placed in one side of the mandible. There were four experimental groups: 1) SI placed crestally (SIC); 2) TI placed crestally (TIC); 3) SI placed 1.5 mm subcrestally (SIS); and 4) TI placed 1.5 mm subcrestally (TIS). Healing abutments were connected 12 weeks after implant surgery. Implants and teeth were brushed every second day during the healing period. Clinical and radiographic parameters were recorded at 4, 10, and 16 weeks after second‐stage surgery.Results: Differences between SI and TI implants inserted in the same vertical position were not significant for peri‐implant probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), or bone resorption (P >0.05). Subcrestal placement of both implants had greater PD and CAL compared to crestal groups. However, distance from IAI to the first bone–implant contact was lower in subcrestal groups compared to crestal groups (1.27 ± 0.42 mm for SIC versus 0.46 ± 0.26 mm for SIS, P <0.05; 1.36 ± 0.31 mm for TIC versus 0.78 ± 0.42 mm for TIS, P <0.05).Conclusions: Tapered internal IAI configuration had no significant effect on crestal bone resorption. Moreover, subcrestal placement of tapered internal IAI had a positive impact on crestal bone preservation around the cervix of the implant.
Perceptions of soft tissue laser use in orthodontics
Authors: Burke Brandon , Hamdan Ahmad Mohammad , Tufekci Eser , Shroff Bhavna , Best Al M. , Lindauer Steven J. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract

Objectives:
To compare attitudes of orthodontists, periodontists, and general dentists regarding the use of soft tissue lasers by orthodontists during the course of orthodontic treatment.

Materials and Methods:
An analogous survey was developed to evaluate and compare the current opinions of a representative sample (n  =  538) of orthodontists (61.3%), periodontists (24.3%), and general dentists (14.3%) regarding orthodontists' use of soft tissue lasers.

Results:
The majority (84%) of orthodontists, periodontists, and general dentists regarded the use of a soft tissue laser by orthodontists as appropriate. When compared to orthodontists and general dentists, a lower percentage of periodontists indicated that soft tissue laser use by orthodontists was appropriate (P &lt; .01). For each of the eight specific soft tissue laser procedures investigated, periodontists reported a significantly lower level of appropriateness than did orthodontists and general dentists (P &lt; .01). Around 75% of the total sample believed that referral would not be affected by the use of soft tissue lasers by orthodontists.

Conclusions:
Orthodontists, periodontists, and general dentists differed in their opinions of the perceived appropriateness of soft tissue laser use by orthodontists, with periodontists reporting a lower level of appropriateness. Clinicians need to communicate effectively to ensure that orthodontic patients in need of adjunctive soft tissue surgery are treated to the accepted standard of care.
A new method to determine bird and bat fatality at wind energy turbines from carcass searches
Authors: Korner‐Nievergelt Fränzi , Korner‐Nievergelt Pius , Behr Oliver , Niermann Ivo , Brinkmann Robert , Hellriegel Barbara 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWind energy is of increasing importance for a sustainable energy supply worldwide. At the same time, concerns about the number of birds and bats being killed at wind turbines have been growing. In this situation, methods for a reliable estimation of bird and bat fatality numbers are needed. To obtain an unbiased estimate of the number of fatalities from fatality searches, the probability to detect the carcass of an animal being killed at a turbine has to be assessed by considering carcass persistence rate, searcher efficiency and the probability that a killed animal falls into a searched area. Here, we describe a new formula to determine the detection probability of birds or bats that are killed at wind turbines and which can estimate the number of fatalities from the number of carcasses found. The formula was developed to analyse a large data set of bats killed at wind turbines in Germany. In simulations, we compared it to three other formulas used in this context. Our new formula seems to have unbiased results when searcher efficiency and carcass removal rate are constant over time. When searcher efficiency or carcass removal rate varied with time, all four formulas showed a similar bias. These comparative results can be used to choose between methods depending on the quality of information available. Our estimator can, for instance, be adapted to different situations including temporal changes of searcher efficiency or carcass removal rate because it is based on an explicit process model.
Patency of the ophthalmic artery after flow diversion treatment of paraclinoid aneurysms
Authors: Puffer Ross C. , Kallmes David F. , Cloft Harry J. , Lanzino Giuseppe 
Published: January 2012

Object
In this study the authors determined the patency rate of the ophthalmic artery (OphA) after placement of 1 or more flow diversion devices across the arterial inlet for treatment of proximal internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysms, and correlated possible risk factors for OphA occlusion.

Methods
Nineteen consecutive patients were identified (mean age 53.9 years, range 23–74 years, all female) who were treated for 20 ICA aneurysms. In all patients a Pipeline Embolization Device (PED) was placed across the ostium of the OphA while treating the target aneurysm. Flow through the OphA after PED placement was determined by immediate angiography as well as follow-up angiograms (mean 8.7 months), compared with the baseline study. Potential risk factors for OphA occlusion, including age, immediate angiographic flow through the ophthalmic branch, status of flow within the aneurysm after placement of PEDs, whether the ophthalmic branch originated from the aneurysm dome, and number of PEDs placed across the ophthalmic branch inlet were correlated with patency rate.

Results
Patients were treated with 1–3 PEDs (3 aneurysms treated with placement of 1 PED, 12 with 2 PEDs, and 5 with 3 PEDs). In 17 (85%) of 20 treated aneurysms, no changes in the OphA flow were noted immediately after placement of the device. Two (10%) of 20 patients had delayed antegrade filling immediately following PED placement and 1 patient (5%) had retrograde flow from collaterals to the OphA immediately after placement of the device. One patient (5%) experienced delayed asymptomatic ICA occlusion; this patient was excluded from analysis at follow-up. At follow-up the OphA remained patent with normal antegrade flow in 13 (68%) of 19 patients, patent but with slow antegrade flow in 2 patients (11%), and was occluded in 4 patients (21%). No visual changes or clinical symptoms developed in patients with OphA flow compromise. The mean number of PEDs in the patients with occluded OphAs or change in flow at angiographic follow-up was 2.4 (SEM 0.2) compared with 1.9 (SEM 0.18) in the patients with no change in OphA flow (p = 0.09). There was no significant difference between the patients with occluded OphAs compared with nonoccluded branches based on patient age, immediate angiographic flow through the ophthalmic branch, status of flow through the aneurysm after placement of PEDs, whether the ophthalmic branch originated from the aneurysm dome, or number of PEDs placed across the ophthalmic branch inlet.

Conclusions
Approximately one-quarter of OphAs will undergo proximal thrombosis when covered with flow diversion devices. Even though these events were well-tolerated clinically, our findings suggest that coverage of branch arteries that have adequate collateral circulation may lead to spontaneous occlusion of those branches.
Nurses’ Perceptions of and Participation in Continuing Nursing Education: Results From a Study of Psychiatric Hospital Nurses in Bahrain
Authors: Al-Majid Sadeeka , Al-Majed Hashmiya , Rakovski Cyril S. , Otten Rebecca A. 
Published: January 2012

Background:
Although many psychiatric hospital nurses in Bahrain attend at least one continuing nursing education (CNE) activity per year, many others do not. This study explored these nurses’ perceptions of CNE and factors that promote or hinder participation in CNE activities.

Methods:
A descriptive design was used to gather data from a convenience sample of 200 nurses working at the psychiatric hospital in Bahrain.

Results:
Nurses believed that CNE improved the quality of patient care and patient outcomes, increased nurses’ knowledge and skills, and kept them current with advances in nursing. Participation in CNE was hindered by unavailability of CNE activities related to psychiatric nursing.

Conclusion:
The majority of nurses had positive perceptions of CNE. Their participation was hindered by unavailability of CNE activities related to psychiatric nursing. Those responsible for planning continuing education in Bahrain should consider these findings when planning future CNE activities.
Clinical Effect of a Mouth Rinse containing Ocimum gratissimum on Plaque and Gingivitis Control
Authors: da Silva Pereira Sérgio Luís , de Oliveira José Weslley Gonçalves , Ângelo Keyles Karla Sá Vieira , da Costa Ângela Maria Alves , Costa Flávio 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT

Aim
The effect of Ocimum gratissimum (Og) on the reduction of dental plaque and gingivitis was evaluated in a randomized, parallel and double-blind clinical trial.

Results
There was a significant reduction on plaque and gingivitis in tests groups (p < 0.05), but no statistically significant difference was observed among them (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
Mouth rinse containing Og was effective as antiplaque and antigingivitis agent, in a similar manner that chlorhexidine digluconate.

Clinical significance
Research in treatment of chronic oral diseases using natural agents must be encouraged to verify which would be a useful addition to the current range of chemotherapeutic treatment options.

How to cite this article
da Silva Pereira SL, de Oliveira JWG Ângelo KKSV, da Costa ÂMA, Costa F. Clinical Effect of a Mouth Rinse containing Ocimum gratissimum on Plaque and Gingivitis Control. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(5):350-355.
Biomarketing strategy and tactics 101 PART I of III
Authors: Dogramatzis Dimitris 
Published: January 2012

The American Marketing Association defines marketing as the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large.1 According to the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America appropriate marketing of medicines ensures that patients have access to the products they need and that the products are used correctly for maximum patient benefit.2 The most important promotional tools for biopharmaceutical firms are 1) personal selling, 2) advertising, 3) public relations and publicity, and 4) web promotion. Part I of this three-part article focuses on the nature of the biopharmaceutical marketingâ€™s four Pâ€™s, the importance of marketing strategy, the conduct of environmental analysis, Â and maket segmentation. Part II delves into the processes of targeting and positioning, marketing planning, as well as biopharmaceutical branding. Part III completes the series by focusing on the push and pull promotional strategies, advertising, selling, and biopharmaceutical web and social marketing. biopharmaceutical, marketing, targeting, positioning, branding, advertising
Atomistic Simulation of the Explosion Welding Process
Authors: Saresoja Ossi , Kuronen Antti , Nordlund Kai 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWe study explosion welding process on the atomic level using molecular dynamics simulations. Our simulations show that jet formation—considered necessary for good bonding—is correlated with the instantaneous melting of the interface region. Moreover, we observe peeling off of material (up to 4 nm) from the bonded surfaces. Finally, the structure of the material immediately after the bonding process is observed to be nanocrystalline with crystal sizes of 10–20 nm.
In situ solvothermal synthesis and characterization of transparent epoxy/TiO2 nanocomposites
Authors: Zhang Haiying , Qi Rongrong , Tong Mingkang , Su Yaozhen , Huang Mark 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA solvothermal process was developed to in situ prepare epoxy (EP)/TiO2 hybrid precursors. The chemical structure of samples was confirmed by X‐ray and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. Field emission scanning electron microscope micrographs of cured EP/TiO2 hybrid composites showed that well‐dispersed TiO2 nanoparticles were successfully in situ formed in epoxy matrix through the solvothermal process. The thermogravimetic analysis, DSC, and gel content measurements showed that EP/TiO2 hybrid precursors were fully cured with the glass transition temperature decreasing gradually. The effect of TiO2 contents on optical and surface properties was investigated in detail. The results indicated that epoxy/TiO2 nanocomposites exhibited excellent UV shielding effect and high visible light transparency. The contact angle of EP/TiO2 nanocomposites, when the content of silane‐coupling agent (KH560) was 5 g and the content of tetrabutyl titanate (TBT) was 3 g, can reach as high as 101°, which was 36° higher than that of pure EP, representing for the increase of hydrophobicity. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Bleaching of modal/AN‐g‐casein fiber blend with H2O2/TAED activating system
Authors: Li Qing , Tang Hui , Tang Ren‐Cheng 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe bleaching of modal/AN‐g‐casein fiber blend using hydrogen peroxide/tetraacetylethylenediamine (H2O2/TAED) activating system was investigated, and the influence of key factors on bleaching was determined. The whiteness index of bleached fabrics was greatly affected by sodium carbonate and H2O2/TAED dosages, and the dyeability of bleached fabrics with acid dyes was greatly dependent on H2O2/TAED dosages and bleaching temperature. Compared with the conventional H2O2 bleach under alkaline conditions, the activated bleach markedly decreased the loss of casein in AN‐g‐casein fiber due to its acidic conditions, and exhibited the advantages of energy saving and high efficiency. However, the fabrics bleached using the activated process had the poor acidic dyeing properties due to the oxidation of amino groups in AN‐g‐casein fiber. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Gene regulatory networks reused to build novel traits
Authors: Monteiro Antónia 
Published: January 2012

AbstractCo‐option of the eye developmental gene regulatory network may have led to the appearance of novel functional traits on the wings of flies and butterflies. The first trait is a recently described wing organ in a species of extinct midge resembling the outer layers of the midge's own compound eye. The second trait is red pigment patches on Heliconius butterfly wings connected to the expression of an eye selector gene, optix. These examples, as well as others, are discussed regarding the type of empirical evidence and burden of proof that have been used to infer gene network co‐option underlying the origin of novel traits. A conceptual framework describing increasing confidence in inference of network co‐option is proposed. Novel research directions to facilitate inference of network co‐option are also highlighted, especially in cases where the pre‐existent and novel traits do not resemble each other.
Letter 1: Routine colonoscopy following acute uncomplicated diverticulitis (Br J Surg 2011; 98: 1630–1634)
Authors: Page A A , Khan A , Davies R J 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
The Editors welcome topical correspondence from readers relating to articles published in the Journal. Responses should be sent electronically via the BJS website (www.bjs.co.uk). All letters will be reviewed and, if approved, appear on the website. A selection of these will be edited and published in the Journal. Letters must be no more than 250 words in length.
ChemInform Abstract: Single‐Crystal Structure of Partially Dehydrated Partially Mg2+‐Exchanged Zeolite Y (FAU), [Mg30.5Na14(H2O)2.5] [Si117Al75O384]‐FAU.
Authors: Kim Hu Sik , Ko Seong Oon , Lim Woo Taik 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe crystal structure and the distribution and coordination geometry of Mg2+ ions in the title zeolite are determined by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: A High‐Pressure Single‐Crystal Synchrotron Diffraction Study of NH4RbTe4O9·2H2O: Stability of Three Different TeOx Coordination Polyhedra.
Authors: Friese K. , Halasyamani P. S. , Tolkiehn M. , Grzechnik A. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe crystal structure of the title compound is determined as a function of pressure up to 7.40 GPa based on synchrotron single crystal XRD data.
ChemInform Abstract: New Lanthanum‐Stannide/Germanide: La3Sn4.4Ge0.6, La3Sn3.1Ge0.9 and La9Sn6.7Ge3.3.
Authors: Duerr Ines , Roehr Caroline 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe new title compounds are obtained from melts of the elements and characterized by single crystal XRD and FP‐LAPW band structure calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: Potassium Silanide (KSiH3): A Reversible Hydrogen Storage Material.
Authors: Chotard Jean‐Noel , Tang Wan Si , Raybaud Pascal , Janot Raphael 
Published: January 2012

AbstractKSiH3 is prepared by direct hydrogenation of KSi under about 5 MPa of H2 at 373 K.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Chiral Unsymmetrical Benzoin Esters.
Authors: Hoyos Pilar , Pace Vittorio , Sinisterra Jose V. , Alcantara Andres R. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractKey to the preparation of hitherto not described enantiopure unsymmetrical benzoin acetates is the combination of both biochemical kinetic resolution and dynamik kinetic resolution.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral N‐tert‐Butanesulfinyl α,β‐Unsaturated Ketimine: A Simple and Highly Effective Olefin/Sulfinimide Hybrid Ligand for Asymmetric 1,4‐Additions.
Authors: Feng Xiangqing , Wei Beibei , Yang Jing , Du Haifeng 
Published: January 2012

AbstractSeveral ligands are prepared by a one‐step condensation of α,β‐unsaturated ketones with (R)‐tBuSONH2 (12 examples).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Regio‐ and Diastereoselective Allylic Alkylation in Ionic Liquids.
Authors: Kawatsura Motoi , Nobuto Hideyuki , Hayashi Shunsuke , Hirakawa Takuya , Ikeda Daiji , Itoh Toshiyuki 
Published: January 2012

AbstractPerforming the allylic alkylation of alkene (II) using ammonium salts as solvents realizes the recyclable use of the palladium catalyst while maintaining regio‐ and diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: (E)‐1,2‐Difluoro‐1‐iodo‐2‐trialkylsilanes — A Useful Synthon for the Addition of the [IFC=CF] Unit to Activated Electrophiles.
Authors: He Ya‐Bo , Nguyen Ba V. , Burton Donald J. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract(E)‐1,2‐Difluoro‐1‐iodo‐2‐trialkylsilanes (I) are shown to be useful synthons for the addition of the [IFC=CF] unit to activated electrophiles such as aldehydes (II), carboxylic acid chlorides (VI) or perfluoroaromatics (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Microwave‐Promoted Knoevenagel Condensation and the Combination of Knoevenagel/Michael Addition Reaction in Aqueous Medium Containing Ionic Surfactant.
Authors: Saha Mithu , Dey Jahar , Ismail Kochi , Pal Amarta K. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBis(2‐ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate mediated microwave‐irradiation technique is an efficient method for the Knoevenagel condensation reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Conjugate Reduction and Reductive Aldol Cyclization of α,β‐Unsaturated Thioesters Catalyzed by (BDP)CuH.
Authors: Li Ninglin , Ou Jun , Miesch Michel , Chiu Pauline 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe highly efficient copper hydride catalyst is prepared in situ using bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene BDP as the most effective ligand.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective O‐Acetylcyanation/Cyanoformylation of Aldehydes Using Catalysts with Built‐In Crown Ether‐Like Motif in Chiral Macrocyclic V(V) Salen Complexes.
Authors: Khan Noor‐ul H. , Sadhukhan Arghya , Maity Nabin C. , Kureshy Rukhsana I. , Abdi Sayed H. R. , Saravanan S. , Bajaj Hari C. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractChiral macrocyclic V(V) salen complexes are efficient (up to 99% yield, up to < 99% e.e.), recyclable (up to five times) and scalable catalysts (multi‐gram level) for the addition of KCN or ethyl cyanoformate to aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Polyvinylpolypyrrolidoniume Tribromide as New and Metal‐Free Catalyst for the Formylation and Trimethylsilylation of Hydroxyl Group.
Authors: Ghorbani‐Choghamarani Arash , Goudarziafshar Hamid , Zamani Parisa 
Published: January 2012

AbstractConvenient procedures using the title catalyst are presented for the conversion of various alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Bis(cyclopentadienyldicarbonyliron) as a Convenient Carbon Monoxide Source in Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylative Coupling of Aryl Iodides with Amines, Alcohols, and Thiols.
Authors: Nakaya Ryotaro , Yorimitsu Hideki , Oshima Koichiro 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe reaction between aliphatic and aromatic amines (I), iron complex (II), and iodides (III) proceeds cleanly to afford the amides (IV) in moderate to very good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Rh‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of (Z)‐Ethyl 3‐Acetamido‐2‐butenoate in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide: The Effect of Cosolvents.
Authors: Lyubimov S. E. , Rastorguev E. A. , Petrovskii P. V. , Davankov V. A. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIt is shown that the activity of the Rh‐catalyst bearing the amidophosphite ligand increases with an increase in the acidity of the protic cosolvents and with the hydrogen pressure.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Cycloaddition of α,β,γ,δ‐Unsaturated Ketones with Alkynes.
Authors: Horie Hiroaki , Kurahashi Takuya , Matsubara Seijiro 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBicyclo[3.1.0]hexenes are synthesized with complete diastereoselectivity by cycloaddition of the ketone substrates with symmetrical alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Enabling the Development of N‐Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Catalyzed Reactions: Practical Methods for the Preparation of 1‐Acyl‐2‐alkylcycloalkenes from Cycloalkanones.
Authors: Ryan Sarah J. , Candish Lisa , Martinez Ivan , Lupton David W. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractTwo methods are developed to obtain the title cycloalkenes: one proceeds in three steps via phosphates like (III) and starts from diketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd(OAc)2‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Polyfluoroarenes with Simple Aromatics in Imidazolium Ionic Liquids (ILs) Without Oxidant and Additive and with Recycling/Reuse of the IL.
Authors: Kalkhambkar Rajesh G. , Laali Kenneth K. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe method allows the synthesis of arylated fluorobenzenes and fluoropyridine derivatives under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Substrate‐Directable Heck Reactions with Arenediazonium Salts. The Regio‐ and Stereoselective Arylation of Allylamine Derivatives and Applications in the Synthesis of Naftifine and Abamines.
Authors: Prediger Patricia , Barbosa Lais Ferreira , Genisson Yves , Correira Carlos Roque Duarte 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe presence of a carbonyl or tosyl group is necessary for a successful reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Rearrangement of 2‐Aryloxybenzaldehydes to 2‐Hydroxybenzophenones by Rhodium‐Catalyzed Cleavage of Aryloxy C—O Bonds.
Authors: Rao Honghua , Li Chao‐Jun 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe title reaction tolerates the presence of various reactive substituents such as aryl halides, nitrile, and esters.