bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using the continuous‐quality theory to predict microbial biomass and soil organic carbon following organic amendments
Authors: Nilsson K. S. , Hyvönen R. , Ågren G. I. 
Published: August 2010

SummarySoil microbial biomass and microbial quotient (the ratio of soil microbial biomass to soil organic carbon) are considered to be useful as rapidly responding indicators of perturbations of soil properties. In this paper we will use a well‐tested model (the continuous‐quality theory) to analyse these variables in a Swedish 35‐year‐old field experiment with a black fallow, crop with no N addition, crop with calcium nitrate addition, and six treatments with organic amendments: straw, green manure, peat, farmyard manure, sawdust and sewage sludge.The model predicts correctly that the amount of microbial biomass increases for all the treatments with organic amendments compared with the black fallow treatment. The microbial biomass quotient increases also for all the amended treatments, except peat and sewage sludge, and decreases for the other treatments. The microbial biomass and microbial quotient increase with both the amounts of organic matter added (crop residues and amendments) and the quality of the added matter. However, to fully explain the observations it is also necessary to have an increasing microbial mortality with substrate quality. Moreover, short‐term observations can be misleading with respect to both the magnitude and direction of long‐term changes in biomass and related variables. Special attention must be paid to such amendments as sewage sludge, where contaminants such as heavy metals may determine process rates. We find no relation between microbial biomass or microbial quotient and yields.
An unusual case of regional odontodysplasia
Authors: LOWRY L. , WELBURY R. R. , SOAMES J. V. 
Published: August 2010

Summary. A case is presented of a 3‐year‐old child with regional odontodysplasia affecting all erupted and developing mandibular teeth. Maxillary teeth were unaffected. This pattern of distribution does not appear to have been reported previously and the extent of involvement poses problems for the long‐term dental management of the patient.Résumé.Le cas présenté est celui d'un enfant de trois ans qui présentait une odonto dysplasie intéressant toutes les dents mandibulaires ayant fait leur éruption ou en voie de formation. Les dents maxillaires n' étaient pas touchées. Ce modéle de distribution ne semple pas avoir été rapporté précédemment. L' importance des lésions pose probléme pour la prise en charge à long terme de ce patient.Zusammenfassung.Ein Fall eines 3 jährigen Kindes wird beschrieben mit einer regionalen Odontodyplasie, bei welcher alle durchgebrochenen und sich entwickelden Zähne des Unterkiefers befallen sind. Die Zähne des Oberkiefers waren nicht betroffen. Diese Form der Verteilung wurde bisher noch nicht beschrieben. Das Ausmass stellt Probléme bei der Langzeitbehandlung dieses Patienten.Resumen.Se presenta un caso de una niña de 3 años de edad con odontodisplasia regional afectando todos los dientes erupcionados y los dientes mandibulares en desarrollo. Los dientes del maxilar superior no estuvieron afectados. Este patron de distribución no parece haber sido previamente descrito y la extención de la involucración presenta problemas para el tratamiento odontológico a largo plazo.
Stevens‐Johnson syndrome and abnormal root development: a case report
Authors: BROOK UZI 
Published: August 2010

Summary. A boy developed Stevens‐Johnson syndrome (erythema multiforme) 2 weeks after taking a course of slow‐release theophylline at the age of 9 years. He had suffered from bronchial asthma since early infancy. He did not attend for dental treatment until the age of 14 years, when panoramic radiography demonstrated varying degrees of arrested root development in the permanent dentition.Résumé.Le syndrome de Stevens‐Johnson est ap‐paru, deux mois après le début du traitement par aminophyline à diffusion lente, chez un garçon, qui avait souffert d'asthme bronchique depuis la petite enfance et n'avait pas eu de traitement dentaire jusqu'à l'âge de 14 ans. La radiographic panoramique pratiquée alors a montré un arrêt du développement des racines, à divers stade.Zusammenfassung.Nach der Einnahme des Medikamentes Theopylline‐slow‐release, entwickelte ein Jahr alter Knabe das Steven‐Johnsen Syndrom. Er litt seit Geburt an Asthma‐bronchialis. Er hatte keinerlei zahnärztliche Behandlung bis zum 14 Lebensjahr. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt konnte man uaf einer Panorama‐aufnahme feststellen dass die Wurze‐lentwicklung der bleibenden auf verschiedene Stufen stehen geblieben ist.Resumen.Un niño de 9 años de edad desarrolló síndrome de Stevens‐Johnson dos semanas después de tomar teofilina. El niño habia sufrido de asma bronquial desde la infancia. No había attendido a la consulta dental sino hasta los 14 años de edad cuando se le tomaron radiografias panorámicas que demonstraron diferentes grados de desarrolló radicular detenido en la dencitición permanente.
Compound odontomes associated with impacted maxillary primary central incisors: report of two cases
Authors: HAISHIMA K. , HAISHIMA H. , YAMADA Y. , TOMIZAWA M. , NODA T. , SUZUKI M. 
Published: August 2010

Summary. Odontomes associated with primary teeth are rare. This report describes two cases of compound odontome associated with impacted maxillary primary central incisors in patients aged 1 year 8 months and 1 year 2 months, the latter being the youngest to have been reported with the condition. The odontomes were removed under local anaesthesia. Histological examination revealed immature dental tissues in both cases, but no evidence of root formation. Case 1 revealed ‘ghost cells’ within the enamel epithelium. The impacted incisors erupted following removal of the odontomes; in Case 2 the crown had an unusual ridge on its labial surface, extending from the gingival margin to a few millimetres from the incisal edge.Résumé.Les odontomes associés aux dents temporaires sont rares. Cette étude décrit deux cas d'odontomes complexes, associés à des incisives centrales maxillaires temporaires non évoluées, chez deux sujets âgés de 1 an 8 mois et 1 an 2 mois, ce dernier étant le plus jeune cas rapporté dans la littérature. Les odontomes furent extraits sous anesthésie locale. l'examen histologique a montré des tissus dentaires immatures dans les deux cas, mais aucune formation radiculaire. Le cas 1 montrait des ‘cellules fantômes’ dans l'épithélium de l'émail. Les incisives retenues ont fait leur éruption après suppression des odontomes; dans le cas 2, la couronne avait une crête inhabituelle sur la surface labiale, s'étendany du bord gingival à quelques millimétres du bord incisif.Zusammenfassung.Odomtome sind selten im Milchgebiss. In dieser Arbeit werden 2 Fälle von Odomtome beschrieben im Zusammenhang mit impaktierten zentralen oberen Schneidezähne bei 2 Patienten im Alter von 1 Jahr 8 Monate und von 1 Jahr und 2 Monate. Die Odomtome wurden entfernt, histologisch fand man unreifes Zahngewebe ohne Wurzelbildung. Im ersten Fall fand man ‘Ghost’ Zellen im Schmelzepithelium. Nach Entfernung der Odomtome brachen die inpaktierten Zähne durch. Im zweiten Fall fand man eine unübliche Vorwölbung auf der Gingiva bis fast an der Inzisalen Kante reichend.Resumen.Los odontomos asociados a la dentición temporal son raros. Este artículo describe dos casos de odontomas compuestos asociados a incisivos centrales temporales impactados en pacientes de 1.8 y 1.2 años. El de 1.2 años es el más jóven reportado en la literatura. Los odontomas fueron removidas bajo anestesia local. El examen histológico reveló tejido dental inmaduro en ambos casos, pero no hubo evidencia de formación radicular. El Caso í reveló ‘células fantasmas’ dentro del epitelio del esmalte. Los incisivos impactados erupcionaron después de la remoción de los odontomas. En la Caso 2, la corona mostró un reborde inusual en la superficie vestibular extendiéndose desde el margen gingival hasta unos milímetros del borde incisal.
The relationship between dental age, bone age and chronological age in 54 children with short familial stature
Authors: VALLEJO‐BOLANTOS ENCARNACIÓN , ESPANTA‐LÓPEZ ANTONIO JOSé 
Published: August 2010

Summary. Patients with short familial stature (SFS) have a short body height, but their bone age is normal. The aim of this research was to assess dental maturity in 54 patients with SFS, aged from 4 to 151/2 years. Bone age was judged from radiographs of the left wrist, and dental age from orthopantomograms. Dental age was retarded in relation to chronological age and to bone age.Résumé.Relations entre l'âge dentaire, l'âge osseux et l'âge chronologique chez 54 enfants de petite taille d'origine familialeLes patients présentant une petite taille d'origine familiale (PTF) ont une faible hauteur du tronc, mais leur âge osseux est normal. Le but de cette étude a été de vérifier la maturité dentaire de 54 patients avec PTF, âgés de 4 à 15 ans et demi. L'âge osseux était apprécié d'après les radiographies du poignet gauche et l'âge dentaire d'après les orthopantomogrammes. L'âge dentaire était retardé en relation avec l'âge chronologique et l'âge osseux.Zusammenfassung.Die Relation zwischen Dentalenalter Knochenalter und dem Chronologischenalter bei 54 familären kleinwüchsigen KinderKleinwüchsige Patienten (Short Familial Stature‐SFS) haben aber ein normales Knochenalter. Der Zweck dieser Studie war, bei 54 SFS Patienten in Alter von 4–151/2 Jahren, die dentale Maturität zu beurteilen. Das Knochenalter wurde anhand von Röntgenaufnahmen des linken Handgelenkes beurteilt, das Dentalealter anhand von Panoramaaufnahmen. Es wurde gefunden dass das dentale Alter retardiert ist bei diesen Pateinten in Relation zum Knochenalter und dem Chronologischen Alter.Resumen.RelaciÓn entre edad dental, edad Ósea y edad cronolÓgica en 54 niños con baja estatura familiarLos pacientes con baja estatura familiar (BEF) tienen baja estatura corporal, pero su edad Ósea es normal. El propÓsito de esta investigaciÓn fue evaluar la madurez dental en 54 pacientes de 4 a 151/2 años con BEF. La edad Ósea fue determinada con radiografias de la muñeca izquierda y la edad dental con radiografias panorámicas. La edad dental estuvo retardada en relaciÓn con le edad cronolÓgica y la edad Ósea.
Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid presenting as desquamative gingivitis in a 14‐year‐old child
Authors: ROCHE C. , FIELD E. A. 
Published: August 2010

Summary. A 14‐year‐old girl presented with painful, erythematous gingivae, which occasionally developed blisters. There were no other mucosal or skin lesions. Clinical, histopathological and immunofluorescence studies suggested a diagnosis of benign mucous membrane (cicatricial) pemphigoid, presenting as desquamative gingivitis. Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid in childhood is rare and only a few cases with exclusive oral mucosal involvement have been reported in the literature. The desquamative gingivitis responded well to a topical steroid regimen.Résumé.Pemphigus membraneux muqueux bénin avec gingivite desquamative chez un enfant de 14 ansLe cas présenté est celui d'une jeune fille de 14 ans avec gingivite érythémateuse, douloureuse et bulles occasionnelles. Il n'y avait pas d'autres lésions de la peau ou de la muqueuse. Les recherches cliniques, histo‐pathologiques et en immunofluorescence étaient en faveur d'un pemphigus bénin (cicatriciel) de la membrane muqueuse, se présentant comme une gingivite desquamative. Le pemphigus membraneux muqueux dans l'enfance est rare et seulement quelques cas, avec participation de la muqueuse orale, ont été décrits dans la littérature. La gingivite desquamative répond bien á un traitement topique stéroidien.Zusammenfassung.Ein gutartiges Muköses Membran‐Pemphigoid welches sich als ein desquamatöse Gingivitis presentierte, bei einen 14 Jahr alten KindEin 14 Jahr altes Mädchen erscheint mit einer schmerzvollen geröteten Gingiva mit heufiger Blasenbildung. Keinerlei andere muköse oder Hautläsionen waren zu finden. Klinische histopathologische und immunfluoreszierende Untersuche führten zur Diagnose eines gutartigen mukösen Membran‐Pemphigoid im der Form einer desquamatösen Gingivitis. Solche Pemphigoide sind selten in der Kindheit, und es wurde nur, über wenige Fälle welche exklusiv die orale Mukosa befallen, in der Literatur berichtet. Diese Form der Gingivitis reagiert sehr gut auf der Oberflächean‐wendung von Steroiden.Resumen.Pénfigo membranoso mucoso benigno presentádose como gingivitis descamativa en una niña de 14 años de edadUna niña de 14 años de edad se presentÓ con encía eritematosa y con dolor. Ocasionalmente se presentaban vesículas. No hubo ninguna otra lesiÓn en la mucosa o piel. Los exámenes clinicos, histopatolÓgicos y de immunofluorescencia sugirieron un diagnÓstico de pénfigo membranoso (cicatricial) mucoso benigno presentándose como gingivitis descamativa. Esta lesiÓn es muy rara en niños y solo algumos casos han sido reportados en la literatura. La gingivitis descamativa respondiÓ favorablemente a la terapia con esteroides tÓpicos.
REVIEW: Perspectives on wastewater treatment wetlands and waterbird conservation
Authors: Murray Christopher G. , Hamilton Andrew J. 
Published: August 2010

Summary 1. With the global loss of natural wetlands, waterbirds have become increasingly dependent on alternative and artificial habitats, but the use of such wetlands by waterbirds is typically opportunistic and little consideration has been given to the potential implications for water treatment or waterbird conservation objectives. 2. Wastewater treatment wetlands are currently of critical importance for certain waterbird species in some parts of the world, and we illustrate this with an example from south‐eastern Australia. Furthermore, we argue that their significance is likely to increase as they offer the most realistic means of treating wastewater in developing countries, where the demand for improved sanitation to lift people out of poverty is intense. 3. There is little scientific evidence to guide the construction of wastewater treatment wetlands with waterbird conservation in mind. 4. The use of wastewater by waterbirds poses health risks for both birds and humans and these risks must be better understood. 5. Synthesis and applications. Wastewater treatment wetlands are not a substitute for natural wetlands and reliance upon them should not compromise wetland conservation efforts. Nonetheless, they are a potentially valuable resource for waterbirds, and research should be directed towards deepening our understanding of their global distribution; food‐web dynamics; methods of deterring or excluding birds when bird or human health may be compromised; the effects of wastewater contaminants and pathogens on birds; and the role of waterbirds in human disease transmission.
Integrating phylogenetic and taxonomic evidence illuminates complex biogeographic patterns along Huxley’s modification of Wallace’s Line
Authors: Esselstyn Jacob A. , Oliveros Carl H. , Moyle Robert G. , Peterson A. Townsend , McGuire Jimmy A. , Brown Rafe M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAim Nearly 150 years ago, T. H. Huxley modified Wallace’s Line, including the island of Palawan as a component of the Asian biogeographic realm and separating it from the oceanic Philippines. Although Huxley recognized some characteristics of a transition between the regions, Palawan has since been regarded primarily as a peripheral component of the Sunda Shelf. However, several recent phylogenetic studies of Southeast Asian lineages document populations on Palawan to be closely related to taxa from the oceanic Philippines, apparently contradicting the biogeographic association of Palawan with the Sunda Shelf. In the light of recent evidence, we evaluate taxonomic and phylogenetic data in an attempt to identify the origin(s) of Palawan’s terrestrial vertebrate fauna.Location The Sunda Shelf and the Philippines.Methods We review distributional and phylogenetic data for populations of terrestrial vertebrates from Palawan. Using taxonomic data, we compare the number of Palawan taxa (species and genera) shared with the Sunda Shelf and oceanic Philippines. Among widespread lineages, we use phylogenetic data to identify the number of Palawan taxa with sister relationships to populations or species from the Sunda Shelf or oceanic Philippines.Results Although many terrestrial vertebrate taxa are shared between Palawan and the Sunda Shelf, an increasing number of species and populations are now recognized as close relatives of lineages from the oceanic Philippines. Among the 39 putative lineages included in molecular phylogenetic studies with sampling from the Sunda Shelf, Palawan and the oceanic Philippines, 17 of them reveal sister relationships between lineages from Palawan and the oceanic Philippines.Main conclusions Rather than a simple nested subset of Sunda Shelf populations, Palawan is best viewed as having played multiple biogeographic roles, including a youngandold extension of the Sunda Shelf, a springboard to diversification in the oceanic Philippines, and a biogeographic component of the Philippine archipelago. Palawan has a long, complex geological history, which may explain this variation in pattern. Huxley originally noted transitional elements in Palawan’s fauna; we therefore suggest that his modification of Wallace’s Line should be recognized as a filter zone, reflecting both his original intent and available taxonomic and molecular evidence.
Evaluation of communication assessment practices during the acute stages post stroke
Authors: Vogel Adam P. , Maruff Paul , Morgan Angela T. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractRationale, aims and objectives  Early detection of communication impairment post stroke is an important prognostic indicator and promotes the use of individualized treatment protocols. Therefore, the methods for speech and language assessment used by communication experts in acute settings following stroke were investigated.Methods  A survey was conducted among 254 speech and language pathologists providing acute care for patients following stroke in all states and territories across Australia and New Zealand. Respondent attitudes and practices in speech and language assessment post stroke were recorded with a standardized questionnaire collected online.Results  A total of 174 (68.5%) speech and language pathologists responded. Over 70% of participants assessed language and 80% assessed speech using their own clinical assessments. Respondents identified limited test repeatability and poor sensitivity to change over acute periods as key areas of concern for currently available standardized assessments.Conclusions  Subjective and/or un‐standardized assessments were the most commonly used measures of communication during the acute phases post stroke. These results highlight a critical need for the development of population‐specific communication assessments that build on existing clinician derived techniques and expertise while considering the acute time demands and transient nature of patient's communicative functioning.
Shifting stroke care from the hospital to the nursing home: explaining the outcomes of a Dutch case
Authors: van Raak Arno , Groothuis Siebren , van der Aa Robert , Limburg Martien , Vos Leti 
Published: August 2010

AbstractRationale, aims and objectives  Supply chains can contribute to better care for stroke patients and more efficiency. However, such outcomes are hampered when links in the chain are weak. The article aims to further the knowledge about the causes and possible improvements of weak links thereby using theory about rules for action and routines (action patterns).Method  We executed a single case study of a chain of service delivery to stroke patients by a university hospital and a nursing home in the city of Maastricht, the Netherlands. Methods included document study, interviews, observations, process mapping, use of data matrices and performance of t‐tests.Results  In the case, the care delivery process in the chain was redesigned to improve the flow of patients and to reduce the length of hospital stay. Length of stay was reduced. However, transfer of patients from the hospital to the nursing home was hampered. At this weak link in the chain, the redesign clashed with the routines of hospital paramedics who did not want to work according to the redesign.Conclusions  The applied theory is useful to understand why a link in a supply chain is weak. Negotiations can be used to strengthen a link.
The impact of physicians' reactions to uncertainty on patients' decision satisfaction
Authors: Politi Mary C. , Clark Melissa A. , Ombao Hernando , Légaré France 
Published: August 2010

AbstractRationale  Patients' and physicians' response to uncertainty may affect decision outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of patients' and physicians' reactions to uncertainty on patients' satisfaction with breast health decisions.Methods  Seventy‐five women facing breast cancer prevention or treatment decisions and five surgeons were recruited from a breast health centre. Patients' and physicians' anxiety from uncertainty was assessed using the Physicians' Reactions to Uncertainty Scale; wording was slightly modified for patients to ensure the scale was applicable. Patients' decision satisfaction was assessed 1–2 weeks after their appointment. A mixed‐effects logistic regression model was used to assess associations between patients' and providers' anxiety from uncertainty and patients' decision satisfaction. A provider‐specific random effects term was included in the model to account for correlation among patients treated by the same provider.Results  Patients' decision satisfaction was associated with physicians' anxiety from uncertainty (beta = 0.92, P < 0.01), but not with patients' anxiety from uncertainty (beta = −0.18, P > 0.27).Conclusions  This study suggests that physicians' reactions to uncertainty may have an effect on decision satisfaction in patients. More research is needed to confirm this relationship and to determine how to help patient–provider dyads to manage the uncertainty that is inherent in most cancer decisions.
Twenty‐three deaths with γ‐hydroxybutyrate overdose in western Sweden between 2000 and 2007
Authors: KNUDSEN K. , JONSSON U. , ABRAHAMSSON J. 
Published: August 2010

Background: γ‐Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is a drug of abuse with a status as being safe. In spite of a reputation of low toxicity, a huge number of deaths associated with this drug have been recorded during recent years in Sweden. It is unclear whether coingestion with other drugs or ethanol causes death in GHB overdoses or whether GHB itself is the main cause of death.Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the cause of death in GHB‐related fatalities seen in our region.Methods: All cases of deaths with GHB during the year 2000–2007 in the region of western Sweden were studied retrospectively. The cases were classified as either GHB poisonings without any, with a minor or a major influence of other drugs on the cause of death.Results: Twenty‐three cases were diagnosed as deaths due to GHB overdose. Ninety‐one percent coingested other substances. Ninety‐one percent of the decedents were male. Age varied between 16 and 46, with the median age at 25 years. Forty‐three percent of the cases were classified as GHB poisonings without any or a minor influence of other drugs on the cause of death. Thirty percent also ingested ethanol. Two patients (9%) were only intoxicated with GHB.Conclusions: Intoxication with GHB carries some mortality. Combining GHB with ethanol does not explain the many deaths in our region, nor do extremely high plasma concentrations of GHB. The intake of opioids increases the toxicity of GHB. The drug itself has such biological activities that an overdose is dangerous and may lead to death.