bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disrupting the Obligation of Objective Knowledge in Dance Science Research
Authors: Petts Louisa , McGill Ashley 
Published: April 2024

Background: Through pressure from funding and governing bodies, an audit culture invades the rhetoric of the dance medicine and science research community, leading to undue focus on justifying and legitimizing the holistic benefits of dancing. This paper critiques this hierarchical value system which disproportionately favors objective, generalizable, and quantitative research approaches still dominant in dance medicine and science, existing since the founding of the International Association for Dance Medicine and Science (IADMS) in 1990. Purpose: Whilst this may mean studies are generalizable when applied to broader contexts, objective outcomes lack granularity and do not automatically lead to appropriate, meaningful, inclusive, or accessible dance experiences for everyone. Subjective, idiographic, ethnographic, embodied, phenomenological, and transdisciplinary approaches to dance medicine and science research have great potential to broaden, deepen, and enrich the field. Conclusions: This paper highlights the tensions between qualitative and quantitative methodologies, advocating that researchers can rigorously embrace their positionality to contribute toward ontological and epistemological clarity with any researcher bias, assumption, or expectation transparently disclosed. The writing draws on research examples from Dance for Health (DfH) as a part of dance science and medicine field of study, including but not limited to Dance for Parkinson’s. This paper provides resourceful recommendations, encouraging researchers to remain imaginative and curious through application of arts-based, person-centered, collaborative mixed methods within their own studies.
Optimizing catheter centering enhances mechanical thrombectomy success: Performance difference in cases using novel macrowires versus traditional microwires
Authors: Hassan Ameer E. , Tekle Wondwossen G. , Saei Hamzah 
Published: April 2024

Background The aim of this study is to determine how guidewire selection impacts procedure time and success and analyze if the trend toward the adoption of larger diameter guidewires provides a quantifiable advantage over traditional 0.014″ guidewires. Methods A review of 494 consecutively performed acute ischemic stroke cases performed between 2018 and 2022 were reviewed and grouped into cases using a single 0.014″ outer diameter (OD) guidewire (195 cases) and cases using a single 0.018″ or 0.024″ OD guidewire (128 cases). These groups were compared for differences in average time to recanalization, average number of passes to achieve recanalization, and first pass success. Cases were compared overall, and further analyzed by region of occlusion to look at specific guidewire related differences for cases with M1, M2, and ICA occlusions. Results Procedures using a larger OD guidewire have an average 5 min and 30 s reduction in time from puncture to recanalization (p = 0.0201). ICA occlusion cases using a larger macrowire show a 20 min reduction in recanalization time (p = 0.0005), a reduction in average number of passes from 2.6 to 1.7 (p = 0.0058), and an increase in first pass success from 18.8% to 58.3% when compared to traditional guidewires. Conclusion Large 0.018″ or 0.024″ OD guidewires better fill the lumen of the catheter and help to center the thrombectomy system in the vessel and navigate to the clot face. This leads to a reduction in procedure time and number of passes, and an increase in first pass success, especially when treating occlusions in the ICA.
Validation of a simple clinical tool for screening of acute lacunar stroke—A substudy of the WAKE-UP trial
Authors: Arba Francesco , Rinaldi Chiara , Jensen Märit , Endres Matthias , Fiebach Jochen B , Lemmens Robin , Muir Keith W , Nighoghossian Norbert , Pedraza Salvador , Simonsen Claus Z , Thijs Vincent , Gerloff Christian , Wardlaw Joanna M , Thomalla Götz 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Lacunar stroke represents around a quarter of all ischemic strokes; however, their identification with computed tomography in the hyperacute setting is challenging. We aimed to validate a clinical score to identify lacunar stroke in the acute setting, independently, with data from the WAKE-UP trial using magnetic resonance imaging. Methods: We analyzed data from the WAKE-UP trial and extracted Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project (OCSP) classification. Lacunar score was defined by National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) < 7 and OCSP lacunar syndrome. Assessment of lacunar infarct by two independent investigators was blinded to clinical data. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive value (NPV and PPV, respectively) of lacunar score. Results: We included 503 patients in the analysis, mean (±SD) age 65.2 (±11.6) years, 325 (65%) males, median (IQR) NIHSS = 6 (4–9); 108 (22%) lacunar infarcts were identified on magnetic resonance (MR), patients fulfilling lacunar score criteria were 120 (24%), of which 47 (44%) had a lacunar infarct. Lacunar score was negative in 322 (82%) of patients without lacunar infarct. Patients with lacunar score had lower NIHSS (4 vs 7, p < 0.001), higher systolic (157 vs 151 mmHg, p = 0.001) and diastolic (86 vs 83 mmHg, p = 0.013) blood pressure and smaller infarct volume (2.4 vs 9.5 mL, p < 0.001). Performance of lacunar score was as follows: sensitivity 0.44; specificity 0.82; PPV 0.39; NPV 0.84; and accuracy 0.73. Assuming a prevalence of lacunar stroke of 13%, PPV lowered to 0.30 but NPV was 0.90. Lacunar score performed better for supratentorial lacunar infarcts. Conclusion: Lacunar score had a very good specificity and NPV for screening of lacunar stroke. Implementation of this simple tool into clinical practice may help hyperacute management and guide patient selection in clinical trials. Data access statement: Data supporting the results of this paper are available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.
Addressing health inequalities in times of austerity: implementation of a place-based approach in multitiered local government
Authors: Lee C , Buswell M , Coker J , Buckner S , Cowan A , Lhussier M 
Published: April 2024

Aims: This article focuses on how local authorities in England are tackling wider determinants of health and inequalities in their population’s outcomes while budgets for public services are diminishing. Methods: It reports the experience from one case study engaged in rolling out a devolved, place- and asset-based strategy over multiple tiers of local government. Relating these findings to relevant social theory, we draw out aspects of context and mechanisms of change. We offer plausible hypotheses for the experiences observed, which supports transferability and implementation of place-based strategies in other local authority areas struggling with similar challenges. Results: Findings highlight the importance of high-level and political buy-in, as well as the role of the COVID-19 pandemic as a potential catalyst to rollout. Creating the foundations for a new, place-based working was important for achieving coherence among partners around what local government was trying to achieve. These included investment in infrastructure, both relational and tangible inputs such as organisational and human resources, to establish the conditions for systemic change towards early intervention and prevention. Conclusion: This study identified clear foundations for place-based action, plus enablers and barriers to significant transformation of practice towards asset-based approaches between local authorities, partners and the public.
Trend of mortality and length of stay in the emergency department following implementation of a centralized sepsis alert system
Authors: Grosman-Rimon Liza , Rivlin Leon , Spataro Rosa , Zhu Zhiqiang , Casey Jane , Tory Susan , Solanki Jhanvi , Wegier Pete 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionSepsis alerts based on laboratory and vital sign criteria were found insufficient to improve patient outcomes. While most early sepsis alerts were implemented into smaller scale operating systems, a centralized new approach may provide more benefits, overcoming alert fatigue, improving deployment of staff and resources, and optimizing the overall management of sepsis. The objective of the study was to assess mortality and length of stay (LOS) trends in emergency department (ED) patients, following the implementation of a centralized and automated sepsis alert system.MethodsThe automated sepsis alert system was implemented in 2021 as part of a hospital-wide command and control center. Administrative data from the years 2018 to 2021 were collected. Data included ED visits, in-hospital mortality, triage levels, LOS, and the Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale (CTAS).ResultsMortality rate for patients classified as CTAS I triage level was the lowest in 2021, after the implementation of the automated sepsis alert system, compared to 2020, 2019, and 2018 ( p < 0.001). The Kaplan–Meier survival curve revealed that for patients classified as CTAS I triage level, the probability of survival was the highest in 2021, after implementation of the sepsis alert algorithm, compared to previous years (Log Rank, Mantel–Cox, χ²=29.742, p < 0.001). No significant differences in survival rate were observed for other triage levels.ConclusionImplementing an automated sepsis alert system as part of a command center operation significantly improves mortality rate associated with LOS in the ED for patients in the highest triage level. These findings suggest that a centralized early sepsis alert system has the potential to improve patient outcomes.
Implementation of a COVID-19 Closed/Open POD Partnership: A Creative Professional Practice Exemplar for Occupational and Environmental Health Nurses
Authors: Gooder Valerie , Lowe London 
Published: April 2024

Background: For more than 15 years, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has recommended that all community agencies and workplace environments create structured communication and collaborative plans for emergency or disaster events (2008). This recommendation is aligned with the U.S. Department of Homeland Security’s (2022) National Infrastructure Protection Plan. The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic ultimately demonstrated the importance of having organized plans and processes in place for the effective and rapid dispensing of medical countermeasures (MCMs) to the general populace. Occupational and environmental health nurses (OHNs) can utilize examples of successful MCM dispensing programs and adjust details to fit individual organizational needs. Methods: This report examines a closed point of dispensing (Closed POD) mass vaccination program as a guide for designing successful workplace partnerships. Findings: Closed PODs are public or private sites that have set up a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with local health authorities to dispense MCMs to their populations during a public health emergency. The desired outcome of a closed POD agreement is the facilitation of employee health and safety, as well as enabling workplace continuity of operations. Conclusions/Applications to Practice: OHNs will play a pivotal role in any future disaster or emergency event. Because OHNs understand the critical need for anticipatory planning, they are in a prime position to drive the creation and implementation of a closed POD partnership between their workplace and their local health department.
Conceptualizing COVID-19 syndemics: A scoping review
Authors: Bulled Nicola , Singer Merrill 
Published: April 2024

Background COVID-19’s heavy toll on human health, and its concentration within specific at-risk groups including the socially vulnerable and individuals with comorbidities, has made it the focus of much syndemic discourse. Syndemic theory recognizes that social factors create the conditions that support the clustering of diseases and that these diseases interact in a manner that worsens health outcomes. Syndemics theory has helped to facilitate systems-level approaches to disease as a biosocial phenomenon and guide prevention and treatment efforts. Despite its recognized value, reviews of syndemics literature have noted frequent misuse of the concept limiting its potential in guiding appropriate interventions. Objective To review how the term ‘syndemic’ is defined and applied within peer-reviewed literature in relation to COVID-19. Design A scoping review of definitions within COVID-19 literature published between January 1, 2020 to May 15, 2023 was conducted. Searches took place across six databases: Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, JSTOR, MEDLINE/Pubmed, PsycINFO and Scopus. PRISMA-ScR guidelines were followed. Results Content analysis revealed that COVID-19 has varied clustered configurations of communicable–non-communicable diseases and novel communicable disease interactions. Spatial analysis was presented as a new strategy to evidence syndemic arrangements. However, syndemics continue to be regarded as universal, with continued misunderstanding and misapplication of the concept. Conclusion This review found that current applications of syndemics remain problematic. Recommendations are made on the design of syndemic studies. A syndemic framework offers an opportunity for systems-level thinking that considers the full complexity of human-disease interactions and is useful to inform future pandemic preparations and responses.
Optimizing spatio-temporal correlation structures for modeling food security in Africa: a simulation-based investigation
Authors: Bofa Adusei , Zewotir Temesgen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of spatio- temporal correlation using four spatio-temporal models: Spatio-Temporal Poisson Linear Trend Model (SPLTM), Poisson Temporal Model (TMS), Spatio-Temporal Poisson Anova Model (SPAM), and Spatio-Temporal Poisson Separable Model (STSM) concerning food security and nutrition in Africa. Evaluating model goodness of fit using the Watanabe Akaike Information Criterion (WAIC) and assessing bias through root mean square error and mean absolute error values revealed a consistent monotonic pattern. SPLTM consistently demonstrates a propensity for overestimating food security, while TMS exhibits a diverse bias profile, shifting between overestimation and underestimation based on varying correlation settings. SPAM emerges as a beacon of reliability, showcasing minimal bias and WAIC across diverse scenarios, while STSM consistently underestimates food security, particularly in regions marked by low to moderate spatio-temporal correlation. SPAM consistently outperforms other models, making it a top choice for modeling food security and nutrition dynamics in Africa. This research highlights the impact of spatial and temporal correlations on food security and nutrition patterns and provides guidance for model selection and refinement. Researchers are encouraged to meticulously evaluate the biases and goodness of fit characteristics of models, ensuring their alignment with the specific attributes of their data and research goals. This knowledge empowers researchers to select models that offer reliability and consistency, enhancing the applicability of their findings.
An autosomal recessive variant in PYGM causes myophosphorylase deficiency in Red Angus composite cattle
Authors: Batt Mackenzie C. , Venzor Leila G. , Gardner Keri , Reith Rachel R. , Roberts Kelsey A. , Herrera Nicolas J. , Fuller Anna M. , Sullivan Gary A. , Mulliniks J. Travis , Spangler Matthew L. , Valberg Stephanie J. , Steffen David J. , Petersen Jessica L. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Between 2020 and 2022, eight calves in a Nebraska herd (composite Simmental, Red Angus, Gelbvieh) displayed exercise intolerance during forced activity. In some cases, the calves collapsed and did not recover. Available sire pedigrees contained a paternal ancestor within 2–4 generations in all affected calves. Pedigrees of the calves’ dams were unavailable, however, the cows were ranch-raised and retained from prior breeding seasons, where bulls used for breeding occasionally had a common ancestor. Therefore, it was hypothesized that a de novo autosomal recessive variant was causative of exercise intolerance in these calves.

Results
A genome-wide association analysis utilizing SNP data from 6 affected calves and 715 herd mates, followed by whole-genome sequencing of 2 affected calves led to the identification of a variant in the gene PYGM (BTA29:g.42989581G > A). The variant, confirmed to be present in the skeletal muscle transcriptome, was predicted to produce a premature stop codon (p.Arg650*). The protein product of PYGM, myophosphorylase, breaks down glycogen in skeletal muscle. Glycogen concentrations were fluorometrically assayed as glucose residues demonstrating significantly elevated glycogen concentrations in affected calves compared to cattle carrying the variant and to wild-type controls. The absence of the PYGM protein product in skeletal muscle was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and label-free quantitative proteomics analysis; muscle degeneration was confirmed in biopsy and necropsy samples. Elevated skeletal muscle glycogen persisted after harvest, resulting in a high pH and dark-cutting beef, which is negatively perceived by consumers and results in an economic loss to the industry. Carriers of the variant did not exhibit differences in meat quality or any measures of animal well-being.

Conclusions
Myophosphorylase deficiency poses welfare concerns for affected animals and negatively impacts the final product. The association of the recessive genotype with dark-cutting beef further demonstrates the importance of genetics to not only animal health but to the quality of their product. Although cattle heterozygous for the variant may not immediately affect the beef industry, identifying carriers will enable selection and breeding strategies to prevent the production of affected calves.
Connection of pre-competition anxiety with gut microbiota and metabolites in wrestlers with varying sports performances based on brain-gut axis theory
Authors: Fu Pengyu , Wang Cuiping , Zheng Shuai , Qiao Lei , Gao Weiyang , Gong Lijing 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective
The purpose of this study is to investigate the connection of pre-competition anxiety with gut microbiota and metabolites in wrestlers with different sports performances.

Methods
One week prior to a national competition, 12 wrestlers completed anxiety questionnaires. Faecal and urine samples were collected for the analysis of gut microbiota and metabolites through the high-throughput sequencing of the 16 S rRNA gene in conjunction with untargeted metabolomics technology. The subjects were divided into two groups, namely, achievement (CP) and no-achievement (CnP) wrestlers, on the basis of whether or not their performances placed them in the top 16 at the competition. The relationship amongst the variations in gut microbiota, metabolites, and anxiety indicators was analyzed.

Results
(1) The CP group exhibited significantly higher levels of “state self-confidence,” “self-confidence,” and “somatic state anxiety” than the CnP group. Conversely, the CP group displayed lower levels of “individual failure anxiety” and “sports competition anxiety” than the CnP group. (2) The gut microbiota in the CP group was more diverse and abundant than that in the CnP group. Pre-competition anxiety was linked to Oscillospiraceae UCG_005, Paraprevotella, Ruminococcaceae and TM7x. (3) The functions of differential metabolites in faeces and urine of the CP/CnP group were mainly enriched in caffeine metabolism, lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis and VEGF and mTOR signaling pathways. Common differential metabolites in feces and urine were significantly associated with multiple anxiety indicators.

Conclusions
Wrestlers with different sports performance have different pre-competition anxiety states, gut microbiota distribution and abundance and differential metabolites in faeces and urine. A certain correlation exists between these psychological and physiological indicators.
Human nasal microbiota shifts in healthy and chronic respiratory disease conditions
Authors: Konovalovas Aleksandras , Armalytė Julija , Klimkaitė Laurita , Liveikis Tomas , Jonaitytė Brigita , Danila Edvardas , Bironaitė Daiva , Mieliauskaitė Diana , Bagdonas Edvardas , Aldonytė Rūta 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
An increasing number of studies investigate various human microbiotas and their roles in the development of diseases, maintenance of health states, and balanced signaling towards the brain. Current data demonstrate that the nasal microbiota contains a unique and highly variable array of commensal bacteria and opportunistic pathogens. However, we need to understand how to harness current knowledge, enrich nasal microbiota with beneficial microorganisms, and prevent pathogenic developments.

Results
In this study, we have obtained nasal, nasopharyngeal, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples from healthy volunteers and patients suffering from chronic respiratory tract diseases for full-length 16 S rRNA sequencing analysis using Oxford Nanopore Technologies. Demographic and clinical data were collected simultaneously. The microbiome analysis of 97 people from Lithuania suffering from chronic inflammatory respiratory tract disease and healthy volunteers revealed that the human nasal microbiome represents the microbiome of the upper airways well.

Conclusions
The nasal microbiota of patients was enriched with opportunistic pathogens, which could be used as indicators of respiratory tract conditions. In addition, we observed that a healthy human nasal microbiome contained several plant- and bee-associated species, suggesting the possibility of enriching human nasal microbiota via such exposures when needed. These candidate probiotics should be investigated for their modulating effects on airway and lung epithelia, immunogenic properties, neurotransmitter content, and roles in maintaining respiratory health and nose-brain interrelationships.