bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unsuspected effects of a lung‐specific cre deleter mouse line
Authors: Jeannotte Lucie , Aubin Josée , Bourque Sylvie , Lemieux Margot , Montaron Séverine , Provencher St‐Pierre Anne 
Published: January 2011

AbstractCre‐expressing mouse lines constitute an important asset to mammalian genetics, allowing the deletion of genes in a spatio‐temporal specific manner. Our study on Hox gene function in lung development has led us to use a lung endoderm‐specific deletion with the Sftpc‐cre mouse line expressing the Cre recombinase gene under the control of human surfactant protein C regulatory sequences. In control experiments, the Cre recombinase faithfully activated the Rosa26‐lacZ reporter gene in lung epithelium. However as early as e15.5, lungs from Sftp‐Cre+ embryos showed abnormal dilated cysts. This unexpected phenotype was also observed in mice carrying the conditional lung epithelial Hoxa5 deletion, indicating some bias due to Cre deleterious effects. Excessive apoptosis, likely due to Cre toxicity, could explain the abnormal cysts. Our findings illustrate the need for appropriate control experiments and careful interpretation of data to discriminate between the phenotype due to the targeted mutation and the confounding effects of the Cre recombinase. genesis 49:152‐159, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Macrocyclic Core Phosphorus Dendrimers Covered on the Surface by N,P Ligands
Authors: Badetti Elena , Franc Gregory , Majoral Jean‐Pierre , Caminade Anne‐Marie , Sebastián Rosa María , Moreno‐Mañas Marcial 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA new family of dendrimers up to the third generation is synthesized starting from a 15‐membered triolefinic azamacrocycle. γ‐Iminophosphane groups are anchored on the surface of the second and third generations, and their corresponding PdII complexes are prepared. To investigate the effect of shielding upon the coordinating ability of the macrocyclic core, the coordination with Pd0 and Pt0 atoms is studied. During this process, two new materials containing Pd0 or Pt0 nanoparticles stabilized by these dendrimers are characterized by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, IR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis.
Determination of stimulants and narcotics as well as their in vitro metabolites by online CE‐ESI‐MS
Authors: Lu Minghua , Li Qin , Lai Yongquan , Zhang Lan , Qiu Bin , Chen Guonan , Cai Zongwei 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA simple, rapid and sensitive CE‐ESI‐MS method for the simultaneous analysis of seven stimulants and narcotics (amphetamine, ephedrine, methadone, pethidine, tetracaine, codeine and heroin) was developed. The CE‐ESI‐MS experimental conditions were optimized as follows: 20 mmol/L ammonium acetate with pH 9.0 as running buffer, the separation voltage of 22 kV and the sheath liquid of isopropanol/water (1:1 v/v) containing 7.5 mmol/L acetic acid with 3.0 μL/min flow rate. Under the optimized conditions, the stimulants and narcotics were well separated within 4.6 min using a 70‐cm length fused‐silica capillary (50 μm id). The detection limits (S/N=3) of the CE‐ESI‐MS analysis were in the range of 0.40–1.0 ng/mL. Method repeatability of intra‐day and inter‐day was satisfactory. The recoveries obtained from the analysis of spiked urine samples were between 84.1 and 108%. The developed method was successfully applied for the simultaneous analysis of methadone, pethidine and codeine and their in vitro metabolites.
Microchip electrophoresis of N‐glycans on serpentine separation channels with asymmetrically tapered turns
Authors: Zhuang Zexi , Mitra Indranil , Hussein Ahmed , Novotny Milos V. , Mechref Yehia , Jacobson Stephen C. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractWe designed and fabricated microfluidic devices with serpentine separation channels and asymmetrically tapered turns, thus allowing high efficiency separations and minimizing band broadening associated with the “racetrack” effect. We evaluated the performance of these devices by measuring the variation in separation efficiency with separation length, electric field strength, taper ratio of the turns, and number of turns. N‐Glycans derived from ribonuclease B and labeled with 8‐aminopyrene‐1,3,6‐trisulfonic acid were electrophoretically separated on serpentine channels with separation lengths of 11, 18, 22, and 36 cm at electric field strengths from 750 to 1750 V/cm. Separations on the 36‐cm channel produced plate numbers up to 940 000 with an analysis time under 3.1 min, whereas separations on the 22‐cm channel had a shorter analysis time (less than 1.25 min), still with respectable efficiencies (up to 600 000 plates). Turn‐induced dispersion was minimized with taper ratios 2 and 3, whereas having two or four 180° turns along with the separation length did not impact the overall efficiency. The developed device was used to analyze native and desialylated N‐glycans derived from the blood serum of an ovarian cancer patient and a disease‐free individual. Separation efficiencies similar to that achieved with the model glycans from ribonuclease B were attained for these biological samples.
Determination of GABA, glutamate and carbamathione in brain microdialysis samples by capillary electrophoresis with fluorescence detection
Authors: Kaul Swetha , Faiman Morris D. , Lunte Craig E. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractDisulfiram has been used as a deterrent in the treatment of alcohol abuse for almost 60 years. Our laboratory has shown that a disulfiram metabolite,S‐(N,N‐diethylcarbamoyl) glutathione (carbamathione), is formed from disulfiram and appears in the brain after the administration of disulfiram. Carbamathione does not inhibit aldehyde dehydrogenase but has been shown to be a partial non‐competitive inhibitor of theN‐methyl‐D‐aspartic acid glutamate (Glu) receptor. In light of disulfiram's apparent clinical effectiveness in cocaine dependence, and carbamathione's effect on theN‐methyl‐D‐aspartic acid receptor, the effect of carbamathione on brain Glu and γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) needs to be further examined. A CE‐LIF method based on derivatization with napthalene‐2,3‐dicarboxyaldehyde to simultaneously detect both neurotransmitter amino acids and carbamathione in brain microdialysis samples is described. The separation of Glu, GABA and carbamathione was carried out using a 50 mmol/L boric acid buffer (pH 9.6) on a 75 cm×50 μm id fused‐silica capillary (60 cm effective) at +27.5 kV voltage with a run time of 11 min. The detection limits for Glu, GABA and carbamathione were 6, 10 and 15 nmol/L, respectively. This method was used to monitor carbamathione and the amino acid neurotransmitters in brain microdialysis samples from the nucleus accumbens after the administration of an intravenous dose of the drug (200 mg/kg) and revealed a carbamathione‐induced change in GABA and Glu levels. This method demonstrates a simple, rapid and accurate measurement of two amino acid neurotransmitters and carbamathione for in vivo monitoring in the brain using microdialysis sampling.
Rapid quantitative determination of ephedra alkaloids in tablet formulations and human urine by microchip electrophoresis
Authors: Belder Detlev , Tolba Kamal , Nagl Stefan 
Published: January 2011

AbstractMicrochip electrophoresis with fluorescence detection has been applied for fast separation and determination of ephedra alkaloids in pharmaceutical formulations and body fluids. A custom epifluorescence microscope setup was employed and the compounds were separated within 40 s, allowing the detection of less than 200 ng/L for both analytes. Quantitation of the two stimulants was performed via a derivatization step using FITC without any extraction or preconcentration steps. The effects of different microchip types and excitation light sources were investigated and the method was successfully applied for the analysis of these compounds in tablet formulations, yielding recovery rates from 100.2 to 101.1% and relative standard deviations from 1.5 to 3.4%. Analysis of ephedrines was also carried out with human urine samples at detection limits of 500–1000 ng/L and relative standard deviations from 2.2 to 3.3% using argon ion LIF detection.
Evaluation of the addition of various surfactant‐suspended carbon nanotubes in MEEKC with an in situ‐synthesized surfactant system
Authors: Cao Jun , Dun Wenliang , Qu Haibin 
Published: January 2011

AbstractDispersions of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in various surfactant solutions have been systematically evaluated as additives in MEEKC. The compounds examined were catechins, phenolic acids, and flavonoids. Compared with zwitterionic and neutral surfactants, the addition of anionic dispersion seemed to be better at separating the three types of analytes in microemulsion system. In order to achieve low operating currents, an in situ‐synthesized surfactant system based on the combination of a long‐chain alkyl acid with an organic base was used in MEEKC. The optimized buffer contained 0.5% (57 mM) ethyl acetate, 0.6% (30 mM) lauric acid, 4.0% (666 mM) propanol, 50 mM Tris solution, and 4.5 mg/L the dispersion of SWNTs. Under optimized conditions, the established method was applicable to quantify complex compounds in tea samples.
Validation of Ontario's new laboratory-based bioaccumulation methods with in situ field data
Authors: Van Geest Jordana L , Poirier David G , Sibley Paul K , Solomon Keith R 
Published: January 2011

AbstractTo validate the standardization of a laboratory protocol for measuring bioaccumulation, laboratory-derived tissue residues and biota–sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) were compared with historical field data from nine sites in Ontario, Canada. As a result of temporal discontinuity between the field and the laboratory studies, a priori considerations, such as changes in site conditions or concentrations of contaminants in sediment, were necessary to assess whether to compare absolute or relative measures of bioaccumulation. For the majority of sites, BSAFs for field-collected and laboratory-exposed fish were within a factor of 2. Biota–sediment accumulation factors for laboratory-exposed oligochaetes were typically greater than those for mussels caged in the field, by a factor of 2 to 9. Overall, the laboratory methods for all species generally overestimated the relative bioavailability of contaminants compared with field conditions by a factor of 1.1 to 9.2. Other than the great disparity observed for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) between field and laboratory studies, on average the laboratory-derived BSAFs with Pimephales promelas and Lumbriculus variegatus overestimated those from field-collected fish and field-exposed mussels by factors of 1.6 and 3.6, respectively. The laboratory method reflects a potentially worst-case exposure scenario and provides an appropriately conservative estimate of bioaccumulation. Laboratory-based estimates can be comparable to bioaccumulation data from the field but may be confounded by species-specific differences in routes of exposure and bioaccumulation of certain compounds or other environmental and biological factors that should be considered in these comparisons. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011; 30:950–958. © 2010 SETAC
Potentilla wismariensis t. gregor & henker sp. nova, ein fingerkraut der wismarbucht (mecklenburg‐vorpommern, deutschland): Mit einer karte, 3 abbildungen und einer tabelle
Authors: Gregor T. , Henker H. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractPotentilla wismariensis T. GREGOR & HENKER sp. nova, a Cinquefoil of Wismar Bay (Mecklenburg‐Vorpommern, Germany)For about 70 years a member of the Potentilla‐collina‐group occurring around Wismar Bay (Mecklenburg‐Vorpommern) was regarded as Potentilla sordida, a species known from southern Sweden. Plants from the Wismar‐bay differ markedly from the Swedish plants.Furthermore, Potentilla sordida is an illegitimate name.
Macromorphological and micromorphological studies of the west africanrhizophoral.: With one figure, one table and one plate
Authors: Jayeola A. A. , Thorpe J. R. , Adenegan T. A. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA taxonomic study of the West AfricanRhizophoraL. was conducted in search of useful and stable characters for the identification of species. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a wealth of epidermal anatomical characters. Epicuticular wax micromorphology indicates thatR. harrisoniiis a hybrid betweenR. mangleandR. racemosa, thus providing evidence for a genetic basis of wax sculpturing and agrees with macromorphological qualitative and quantitative attributes. Characters ofR. racemosaandR. harrisoniiwere consistently close in resemblance and values to suggest intro‐gressive hybridization. Epicuticular wax type, papillae, stomatal ledge, peristomatal rim and poral epidermis are all important anatomical characters as revealed by SEM. Lamina length‐width ratios are stable and could be used for the identification of these species. A new key to the West AfricanRhizophorais included.
Inflorescence typology in setaria p.beauv. (poaceae, paniceae): With 7 figures
Authors: Pensiero J. F. , Vegetti A. C. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAs a contribution to the knowledge of inflorescences within the tribe Paniceae, the inflorescences of American species of Setaria are analyzed typo‐logically. All the inflorescences in Setaria are polytelic and truncated. Inflorescence structure is considerably variable among species within this genus, ranging from highly developed to remarkably reduced panicle like inflorescences, both in terms of branching as well as in the relations of internode length. The main axis and the paracladia end in sterile units (setas or bristles). The spikelets are the coflorescences of paracladia lacking a paracladial zone. The pedicels can be interpreted as basal florescence internodes. The setae can be considered as a sterile part of the rachis the distal part of either the main axis or a paracladium that bears a basal spikelet. This spikelet represents the coflorescence of a paracladium of higher order than the seta.
Pollen morphology in saccharum l. (poaceae) — wild and cultivated sugar cane species: With one figure and one table
Authors: Chaturvedi M. , Datta K. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractPollen morphological studies in all the four species of the sugar cane genus Saccharum, comprising two cultivated (S. officinarum and S. sinense) and two wild species (S. robustum and S. spontaneum), using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, have shown distinguishing exine surface patterns of taxonomic importance. S. officinarum and its supposed wild relative S. robustum have larger grains with wider size ranges as compared to the other two species. The two wild species which are considered to be closer, have insular exine surfaces.
Vulnerability of species of trees from the mexican carribbean: With one map and 2 tables
Authors: SÁNchez O. , Islebe G. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe present study reports data on distribution, dominance, endemism and degree of vulnerability of 112 tree species present in the forest remnants along the Caribbean coast of northeastern Quintana Roo, Mexico. The coastal area of Quintana Roo degraded the last twenty years mostly due to the accelerated development of tourism, hurricanes and fires of great magnitude. Twenty‐one endemic species of trees were recorded, representing 38.8% of the peninsular endemism. Based on distribution, dominance and endemism of the recorded tree species, four degrees of vulnerability are proposed (low, low‐medium, medium and high). Following the IUCN criteria only two species (Pseudophoenix sargentii and Trichilia minutiflora) were considered as vulnerable or rare.41.9% of the species present a high degree of vulnerability, followed by the medium degree of vulnerability (40.9%) indicating the urgent need of strategies for the protection of the existing forest remnants.
Korrelation zwischen Blattanatomie und Verbreitung der endemischen Echium‐Arten Tenerifes (Kanarische Inseln)
Authors: Werner M. , Lüpnitz D. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractCorrelation between leaf anatomy and distribution of the endemic Echium species in Tenerife (Canary Islands)In studying the leaf anatomy of autochthonous species in the genus Echium on Tenerife it is shown that the occurrence of particular anatomical and morphological structures correlate in a large degree with the climatic conditions in the single vegetation zones. This is clearly recognisable in the formation on the “indumentum” which coincides with other leaf‐characteristics. In addition it could find out that the species with a wider distribution show a higher degree of intraspecific variability concerning the leaves mutually depending from the environmental factors.
Zur Taxonomie hochandiner Valeriana‐Arten (Valerianaceae): III. Eine neue, polsterbildende Valeriana‐Art aus Südperu
Authors: Weberling F. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe taxonomy of Valeriana species (Valerianaceae) in the High Andes. III. A new, pulvinate Valeriana species from southern PeruA new pulvinate Valeriana‐species from southern Peru, Valeriana johannae sp. nova, is described, the diagnostic differences between this species and Valeriana alypifolia KUNTH are discussed.
Urginea ecklonii baker clarified and fusifilum emdeorum sp. nova (hyacinthaceae of South Africa)
Authors: Tang J. , Weiglin C. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe enigmatic name Urginea ecklonii BAKER 1893 has, to date, not yet been applied correctly to either a single plant in the field or to any herbarium specimen as addition to the type and is treated by GOLDBLATT & MANNING (2000: 99) as the only species excluded from Drimia sensu superlatissimo “No authentic material found and probably con‐specific with one of the above”. Both statements in this sentence, however, are inappropriate:1° there is in Kirstenbosch an isotype of ECKLON & ZEYHER [Asphod.] 128 (d̊B holo destroyed in 1943, NBG‐SAM lecto; hie designatus, photocopy BTU and PRE) comprising two inflorescences. It is probably filed, however, under Bulbine abyssinica A.RICH., because the inflorescences are mounted on a sheet of Bulbine asphodeloides (L.) WILLD. (ECKLON & ZEYHER 1692):2° observations in the field, in the greenhouse and in herbaria indicate that Urginea ecklonii BAKER is not conspecific with one of the species recognized by GOLDBLATT & MANNING (2000), but it is a species of its own, viz. a vegetatively very distinct fynbos species within the Urginea marginata complex. It differs by 2–4 (‐6) ascending lorate leaves from typical Karoo U. marginata with 1(‐2) oblongspathulate leaves appressed to the ground. A distribution map based on 10 collections in addition to the type is presented and shows that Urginea ecklonii is an endemic to the NW subregion ol the Cape Region between Gydopas and Pakhuispas.According to SPETA (1998) the genus Fusifilum RAF. 1837 comprises currently seven species. All seven are his new combinations of old basionyms. Four new combinations were founded on the resurrection of the corresponding genus Physodia in MULLER‐DOBLIES (1996), the three others are obviously misplaced additions without any reasoning. In the present paper a new species. Fusifilum emdeorum J. TANG & WEIGLIN sp. nova, is described and illustrated. Its rather wide distribution in the fynbos of the subregions NW and SW of the Cape Region is given in a map.In addition to four species transferred by U.M‐D., J. TANG & D.M‐D. in MULLER‐DOBLIES (1996) from the present Drimia JACQ. emend. JESSOP (1977) (basionyms Anthericum, Ornithogalum and Urginea) to Physodia SALISB. 1866, and subsequently transferred by SPETA (1998) to Fusifilum RAF. 1837; emdeorum J.TANG & WEIGLIN sp. nova is described in the present paper.
Autocrine/paracrine erythropoietin signalling promotes JAK/STAT‐dependent proliferation of human cervical cancer cells
Authors: Lopez Tania V. , Lappin Terence R.J. , Maxwell Perry , Shi Zhanzhong , Lopez‐Marure Rebeca , Aguilar Cecilia , Rocha‐Zavaleta Leticia 
Published: January 2011

AbstractErythropoietin (Epo) regulates erythropoiesis by binding to its receptor (EpoR) and promoting cell proliferation, differentiation and inhibition of apoptosis. Epo is widely used to treat cervical cancer‐related anaemia. However, there are data suggesting that administration of Epo is associated with an increment in recurrence rate, and decreased disease‐free and overall survival. In the present study, we investigated the expression of Epo and EpoR on cervical cancer cell lines. We observed that both EpoR and extracellular Epo are constitutively expressed in cervical cancer cells. Inhibition of either Epo or EpoR expression with siRNA attenuated cell proliferation, whereas addition of exogenous Epo led to a significant increase in cell growth, both in vitro and in vivo. Epo‐induced proliferation was associated with the activation of JAK2, JAK3, STAT3 and STAT5 but not JAK1 and STAT1. Our results are consistent with the existence of a functional, endogenous Epo/EpoR system in cervical cancer with the capacity to activate the transduction of signals resulting in an increased proliferation potential.
The role of galectins in colorectal cancer progression
Authors: Barrow Hannah , Rhodes Jonathan M. , Yu Lu‐Gang 
Published: January 2011

AbstractGalectins constitute a family of 15 mammalian galactoside‐binding proteins that share a consensus amino acid sequence in their carbohydrate binding sites. They are multi‐functional molecules and are expressed widely in human tissues. Four galectins: galectin −1, −3, −4 and −8 are expressed in the human colon and rectum and their expressions show significant changes during colorectal cancer development and metastasis. These changes in galectin expression correlate with alterations in cancer cell growth, apoptosis, cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions and angiogenesis. This review summaries current knowledge of the expression and roles of these galectins in the progression of human colorectal cancer and discusses the relevance of galectins and their ligands as potential therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
Transient gene silencing of galectin‐3 suppresses pancreatic cancer cell migration and invasion through degradation of β‐catenin
Authors: Kobayashi Tsutomu , Shimura Tatsuo , Yajima Toshiki , Kubo Norio , Araki Kenichiro , Tsutsumi Soichi , Suzuki Hideki , Kuwano Hiroyuki , Raz Avraham 
Published: January 2011

AbstractPancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer‐related mortality and often has a poor prognosis because of its late diagnosis, aggressive local invasion, early metastasis and poor response to chemotherapy. The chemotherapeutic agent gemcitabine is effective for treating advanced pancreatic cancer, but its efficacy remains less than satisfactory. It is expected that further investigation of pancreatic cancer cell invasion and development of strategies to block this process should improve the disease prognosis. In this study, we tested our hypothesis that galectin‐3 (gal‐3), a multifunctional member of the β‐galactoside‐binding protein family, may regulate pancreatic cancer cell motility and silencing of it inhibit cell motility. Previous studies demonstrated that this protein is associated with tumor cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, apoptosis and metastasis. Here, we used gal‐3 small interfering RNA (siRNA) to silence its expression in various pancreatic cancer cell lines to determine whether gal‐3 regulates cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. We found that silencing gal‐3 reduced cellular migration and invasion, but failed to affect proliferation. In gal‐3 siRNA‐transfected cells, we detected a decrease in β‐catenin expression, an important signal for cancer cell invasion, which was caused by downregulation of phosphorylated Akt and GSK‐3β. We also found that matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2 expression was reduced by gal‐3 silencing. These results indicate that gal‐3‐mediated invasion via MMP‐2 regulated by β‐catenin degradation is initiated by Akt phosphorylation in pancreatic cancer cells. Our results suggest that gal‐3 can be a novel therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer.