bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The biomarker enriched proteome of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease cyst fluid
Authors: Mason Stephen B. , Lai Xianyin , Bacallao Robert L. , Blazer‐Yost Bonnie L. , Gattone Vincent H. , Wang Kevin C. , Witzmann Frank A. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractAutosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is characterized by the development of numerous fluid‐filled cysts in the kidneys of patients. We recently published our description of the proteome of renal cyst fluid in ADPKD. As a follow‐up experiment, we hypothesized that the protein‐bound subfraction consists of molecules of mechanistic or diagnostic interest in ADPKD. Using a manual biomarker enrichment kit, we have identified 44 distinct proteins in human cyst fluid.
An optimum method designed for 2‐D DIGE analysis of human arterial intima and media layers isolated by laser microdissection
Authors: de la Cuesta Fernando , Alvarez‐Llamas Gloria , Maroto Aroa S. , Donado Alicia , Juarez‐Tosina Rocio , Rodriguez‐Padial Luis , Pinto Angel G. , Barderas Maria G. , Vivanco Fernando 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe formation and progression of atherosclerotic lesions involve complex mechanisms which are still not fully understood. A variety of cell types from the distinct arterial layers are implicated in the whole process from lipid accumulation within the vascular wall to plaque development and final rupture. In the present work, we employ the combination of laser microdissection and pressure catapulting and 2‐D DIGE saturation labeling to investigate the human intima and media sub‐proteomes isolated from atherosclerotic (coronary and aorta) or non‐atherosclerotic vessels (preatherosclerotic coronary arteries). Laser microdissection and pressure catapulting allows the specific isolation of regions of interest. In turn, DIGE saturation labeling overcomes the limitation of extensive microdissection times to recover the protein amount required to perform comparative 2‐DE, particularly when dealing with tissue regions rich in myofilament proteins, which result in low protein recovery. The compatibility and optimum performance of both techniques were investigated in detail, paying special attention to tissue staining and protein solubilization. Since scarce amount of protein obtained from microdissected tissue made it impossible to directly perform protein identification from 2‐DE spots by MS, we performed in‐solution digestion followed by LC‐MS/MS analysis of total protein extracts from intima and media in order to get an overall picture of protein composition. Proteins so identified confirm the nature of the isolated regions. Finally, similar spot resolution on 2‐D DIGE gels was obtained for the different human artery types (coronary, aorta) and studied layers (intima, media), setting the basis for future clinical comparative studies.
Nanoenergetic Gas‐Generators: Design and Performance
Authors: Martirosyan Karen S. , Wang Leizheng , Vicent Arol , Luss Dan 
Published: October 2009

AbstractNanoenergetic gas‐generator (NGG) mixtures may have various potential military applications from aircraft fuels to rocket propellants, explosives, and primers. To find reactions generating the highest pressure peak, we studied eight nanoenergetic reactions. The Al/Bi2O3 reaction generated the highest pressure pulse among the eight thermite reactions. We developed a highly efficient, one step process for synthesis of Bi2O3 nanostructured particles. Its use generated about a three times higher peak pressure (∼10 MPa) than when using commercial bismuth oxide nanoparticles (3 MPa). The pressure in the vessel rose very rapidly to a peak value for a duration of ∼0.02 ms and ΔP/Δt of up to 500 GPa s−1. Increasing the crystallinity of the bismuth oxide nanoparticles increased the peak gas pressure by 25%. The maximum pressure×volume (PV) value obtained at m=0.1 g with our synthesized Bi2O3 was 707 Pa m3 much higher than that reported in the literature (33 Pa m3) for the same sample mass. Addition of carbon to the reactant mixtures did not increase the peak pressure. Addition of up to 3 wt.‐% of boron to the thermite systems increased the peak pressure by ∼50%.
Study on cellular adhesion of human osteoblasts on nano‐structured diamond films
Authors: Kalbacova Marie , Broz Antonin , Babchenko Oleg , Kromka Alexander 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe need of new biocompatible materials with superior properties and flexibility in their surface termination and functionalization for medical applications is constantly increasing. Due to the combination of intrinsic properties, chemically deposited diamond thin films are proposed as one of the most promising material in this field. They are chemically/mechanically/physically stable and their surface can be modified by a variety of chemical or plasmatic techniques. In the present work, different diamond nano‐structures, i.e. nano‐rods, ultra nano‐cones and nano‐cones, were prepared by plasma etching process by applying various masking materials (Ni, Au and diamond powder). The impact of these diamond nano‐structures on the growth of human osteoblasts was investigated by fluorescence microscopy. We observed that adhesion of osteoblasts varied, depending upon the diamond nano‐structure as visualized, 1 or 48 h after seeding. Many but very fine focal adhesions are formed on nano‐rods; however, few but large ones are formed on ultra nano‐cones and nano‐cones. The cell adhesion was controlled by the nano‐structuring, thereupon their usage in bio‐medical applications is considered.
Ammonia assisted growth of multiwalled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Nitze Florian , Andersson Britt M. , Wågberg Thomas 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBamboo structured nitrogen‐containing carbon nanotubes are grown on e‐beam deposited thin metal films (cobalt/iron) by chemical vapor deposition. The approach uses ammonia as supporting gas to form nano catalyst particles in the pretreatment phase. Ammonia is also used as nitrogen source. The effect of ammonia on the grown structures at different temperatures (720 and 810 °C) is investigated by SEM, TEM and Raman spectroscopy. We show that ammonia promotes growth of vertically aligned CNT carpets on thicker metal films (5 nm) than usually used. At the same time ammonia is inducing a high amount of defects but this effect changes significantly with temperature. At 720 °C defects are clearly ammonia induced while at 810 °C the defects seem to be induced by a different mechanism. Furthermore, the presence of ammonia in both pretreatment phase and growth phase reduces the outer diameter of the grown nanotubes.
Single‐walled carbon nanotubes modified by PFO: An optical absorption and Raman spectroscopic investigation
Authors: Lukaszczuk P. , Borowiak‐Palen E. , Rümmeli M. H. , Kalenczuk R. J. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn this contribution, we present preliminary results from an optical absorption and resonance Raman spectroscopic investigation on single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) functionalized by poly(9,9‐dioctylfluorenyl‐2,7‐diyl)‐co‐bithiophene (PFO‐BTP). A route for a stable suspension of SWCNT in a solution of fluorine‐base copolymer is shown. Additionally, the detailed analysis of the supernatant and sediment after centrifugation of the functionalized sample is given. The resonance Raman and optical absorption spectroscopic data suggest that selective wrapping of the carbon nanotubes by PFO occurs. Additionally, one can see that the abundance of SWCNT in the supernatant in a bulk sample increased by a factor of 2.
Theoretical resonant Raman spectra of nanotube (7,0) with point defects
Authors: Popov Valentin N. , Lambin Philippe 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe Raman spectra of the nanotube (7,0) with point defects (monovacancy, divacancy, and Stone–Wales defect) were simulated in order to derive spectroscopic signatures of defective nanotubes. First, we calculated the electronic band structure and the phonon dispersion of the defective nanotubes using supercells within a non‐orthogonal tight‐binding model. We found that new optical transitions and Raman‐active phonons appeared in comparison with the perfect nanotube. Secondly, we calculated the resonance Raman excitation profile for all Raman‐active phonons of the defective nanotubes and simulated their Raman spectra at specific laser excitation energies. The predicted high‐intensity Raman lines can be used as spectroscopic signatures of the defective nanotubes.
Analysis of second‐order moments in surface layer turbulence in an Alpine valley
Authors: de Franceschi M. , Zardi D. , Tagliazucca M. , Tampieri F. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe paper presents the analysis of field measurements in the atmospheric surface layer over the floor of the Adige Valley, near the city of Bolzano in the Alps. Turbulence quantities, such as drag coefficient, displacement height and roughness length, appear similar to those reported in the literature concerning surface‐layer turbulence over flat uniform terrain. The analysis of the non‐dimensional standard deviations (σu, σv, σw) legitimates the adoption, for all the wind components, of the same Monin—Obukhov similarity relationship in the form $\sigma_{i}/u_{\ast}=\alpha_{i}\left(1+\beta_{i}\left|\zeta\right|\right)^{1/3}$, originally proposed only for flat uniform terrain under steady state conditions, and the extension of this expression to the case of winds over a valley floor in slowly varying situations. The coefficients αi are very similar for along‐valley and cross‐valley winds, as are the βi ones. Moreover the αu values are only slightly larger than the αv, contrary to what is reported in the literature. Conversely, σθ/θ* shows distinctly different behaviour in the stable and unstable regimes. In particular, in the latter case a large scatter in the data is observed. However, since the most scattered data turn out to occur in transition periods (i.e. sunrise and sunset), after a specific data selection the best‐fit parameters are more accurately estimated. In addition, emphasis is laid on the relevance of an appropriate formulation and use of a suitable recursive filter to separate the low‐frequency unsteadiness of the mean flow from the turbulence signal. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
4D‐Var assimilation of MERIS total column water‐vapour retrievals over land
Authors: Bauer Peter 
Published: October 2009

AbstractExperiments with the active assimilation of total column water‐vapour retrievals from Envisat MERIS observations have been performed at the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), focusing on the summer 2006 African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA) field campaign period. A mechanism for data quality control, observation error definition and variational bias correction has been developed so that the data can be safely treated within 4D‐Var, like other observations that are currently assimilated in the operational system. While data density is limited due to the restriction to daylight and cloud‐free conditions, a systematic impact on mean moisture analysis was found, with distinct regional and seasonal features. The impact can last 1‐‐2 days into the forecast but has little effect on forecast accuracy in terms of both moisture and dynamics. This is mainly explained by the weak dynamic activity in the areas of largest data impact. Analysis and short‐range forecast evaluation with radiosonde observations revealed a strong dependence on radiosonde type. Compared with Vaisala RS92 observations, the addition of MERIS total column water‐vapour observations produced neutral to positive impact, while contradictory results were obtained when all radiosonde types were used in generating the statistics. This highlights the issue of radiosonde moisture biases and the importance of sonde humidity bias correction in numerical weather prediction (NWP). Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
Terms representing the reorganization of bonding within charge‐bond order matrices of reacting molecules
Authors: Gineityte Viktorija 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe usual way of obtaining charge‐bond order (CBO) matrices of molecules by summing up the MO LCAO coefficients over occupied molecular orbitals (MOs) is extended to derive terms representing the reorganization of bonding in reacting systems. The CBO matrix of a certain molecule (reactant) under influence of another one (reagent) is expressed in the form of power series with respect to intermolecular interaction. Terms of this series responsible for the internal reorganization of bonding in the reactant are also shown to be representable by sums of MO LCAO coefficients of the relevant isolated compound. As opposed to the case of a single molecule, the new sums embrace all MOs of the reactant and their pairs. This result is conditioned by the fact that the actual occupation numbers of MOs differ from either two or zero in the bimolecular system because of the intermolecular charge transfer, and bond orders arise between pairs of MOs in addition. Partial increments to the final reorganization of bonding related to individual MOs and to their pairs are then studied separately. These increments may be classified on the basis of criteria applied to MOs they originate from. In particular, symmetric and antisymmetric increments are distinguished with respect to any symmetry operation of the isolated reactant lost under influence of an approaching reagent. Increments of the same symmetry are subsequently collected into separate groups representable by specific graphical schemes. Consequently, the final pattern of charge and bond order redistribution in the reactant under influence of an approaching reagent follows from superposition of a few principal schemes. The results are illustrated by consideration of specific examples, in particular of addition of electrophile to the butadiene molecule. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010
Orbital invariance issue in multireference methods
Authors: Kong Liguo 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe orbital invariance problem is analyzed from the tensor theory point of view, with an emphasis on multireference coupled cluster methods. Using the transformation properties of second‐quantized operators, we discuss the orbital invariance properties of various methods by examining the tensor properties of the residual equations. A simple self‐consistency‐checking algorithm is proposed. We first establish the orbital invariance properties for the Hartree–Fock, single reference configuration interaction, single reference coupled cluster, complete‐active‐space self‐consistent‐field, and multireference configuration interaction methods, and then discuss the invariance properties of the complete‐active‐space coupled cluster and CCSDt methods. Finally, we demonstrate theoretically the lack of orbital invariance for Jeziorski–Monkhorst ansatz based methods. It appears necessary to modify the ansatz to achieve orbital invariance, and internal contraction serves as one possible solution. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010
Formation of alkane‐phosphonic acid self‐assembled monolayers on alumina: an in situ SPR study
Authors: Koutsioubas Alexandros G. , Spiliopoulos Nikolaos , Anastassopoulos Dimitris L. , Vradis Alexandros A. , Priftis George D. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe formation process of n‐alkane phosphonic acid CH3 (CH2)n−1 PO(OH)2 (n = 10,12,14,18) self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs), deposited from ethanol solutions on aluminum oxide, has been monitored in situ using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy. In addition, the two‐solvent approach is used to obtain both film thickness and refractive index of the fully formed adsorbed layers. A densely packed adsorbed layer is formed only for the longest molecules with n = 18. The chain length and solution concentration dependence of formation kinetics are studied, and the existence of two distinct kinetic steps is revealed. Fittings of the experimental results with various kinetic models are performed. Our analysis suggests that during the first kinetic step, a transition from a lying‐down to a standing‐up phase takes place, and the growth of this standing‐up phase is governed by second‐order kinetics. The second slow kinetic step is described by a modified first‐order Langmuir law. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of the environment on the dendritic morphology of the rat auditory cortex
Authors: Bose Mitali , Muñoz‐llancao Pablo , Roychowdhury Swagata , Nichols Justin A. , Jakkamsetti Vikram , Porter Benjamin , Byrapureddy Rajasekhar , Salgado Humberto , Kilgard Michael P. , Aboitiz Francisco , Dagnino‐Subiabre Alexies , Atzori Marco 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe present study aimed to identify morphological correlates of environment‐induced changes at excitatory synapses of the primary auditory cortex (A1). We used the Golgi‐Cox stain technique to compare pyramidal cells dendritic properties of Sprague‐Dawley rats exposed to different environmental manipulations. Sholl analysis, dendritic length measures, and spine density counts were used to monitor the effects of sensory deafness and an auditory version of environmental enrichment (EE). We found that deafness decreased apical dendritic length leaving basal dendritic length unchanged, whereas EE selectively increased basal dendritic length without changing apical dendritic length. On the contrary, deafness decreased while EE increased spine density in both basal and apical dendrites of A1 Layer 2/3 (LII/III) neurons. To determine whether stress contributed to the observed morphological changes in A1, we studied neural morphology in a restraint‐induced model that lacked behaviorally relevant acoustic cues. We found that stress selectively decreased apical dendritic length in the auditory but not in the visual primary cortex. Similar to the acoustic manipulation, stress‐induced changes in dendritic length possessed a layer‐specific pattern displaying LII/III neurons from stressed animals with normal apical dendrites but shorter basal dendrites, while infragranular neurons (Layers V and VI) displayed shorter apical dendrites but normal basal dendrites. The same treatment did not induce similar changes in the visual cortex, demonstrating that the auditory cortex is an exquisitely sensitive target of neocortical plasticity, and that prolonged exposure to different acoustic as well as emotional environmental manipulation may produce specific changes in dendritic shape and spine density. Synapse 64:97–110, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) after pancreaticoduodenectomy: proposal of a postoperative NAFLD scoring system
Authors: Kato Hiroyuki , Isaji Shuji , Azumi Yoshinori , Kishiwada Masashi , Hamada Takashi , Mizuno Shugo , Usui Masanobu , Sakurai Hiroyuki , Tabata Masami 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackgroundThe main etiology of NAFLD and NASH after pancreatic resection is still unclear, and the therapeutic strategy has yet to be established. The focus of this review is how predict and prevent NAFLD/NASH after pancreaticoduodenectomy.MethodsFrom April 2005 to October 2008, 54 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy in our institution were enrolled in this study. From the pre‐, intra‐ and postoperative risk factors, we identified the most influential risk factors of postoperative NAFLD by uni‐ and multivariate analyses. Moreover, a postoperative NAFLD scoring system was proposed based on these risk factors.ResultsThe incidence of postoperative NAFLD was 37.0% (20/54). Of these, 10% (2/20) of patients were diagnosed as having NASH by percutaneous liver biopsy. By multivariate analysis, pancreatic adenocarcinoma (p < 0.05), pancreatic resection line (p < 0.01) and postoperative diarrhea (p < 0.01) were identified as the most influential factors concerning postoperative NAFLD. Based on these results, we proposed a postoperative NAFLD scoring system (0–10) and evaluated the correlation between the score and decreasing rates of CT values, revealing a significant correlation (r = 0.829p < 0.001). The prevalence of postoperative NAFLD in the patients with our scores of 0–3, 4–6 and 7–10 points was 0 (0/22), 35 (6/17) and 93% (14/15), respectively.ConclusionsIn conclusion, NAFLD develops frequently in patients who undergo PD, and some patients even progress to NASH. A postoperative NAFLD scoring system makes it possible to predict the occurrence of NAFLD after PD, and aggressive nutrition support is needed for patients with high scores.
Size matters: mole (Talpa europaea) hills and nest‐site selection of the antFormica exsecta
Authors: Katzerke Andreas , Bliss Peter , Moritz Robin F. A. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractMoles are fossorial mammals that can act both as zoogeomorphic agents and species diversity drivers. These popular animals regularly push heaps of earth from their subterranean tunnel systems to the surface. Thereby they rearrange and improve the local microtopography for ant nesting. Here we use a strongly molehill (Talpa europaea) mediated nest system of the unicolonial wood antFormica(Coptoformica)exsectato test for ecological factors influencing nest‐site selection at the microhabitat scale. Our results show that the size of molehills plays an important role in the multifactorial process of the ant's nest‐site choice with solar insolation as a paramount factor. The ants clearly favored larger and better sun‐exposed molehills, suggesting that the coaction of a zoogeomorphic modified microrelief and solar insolation can drive the spatial colonization ofF. exsecta.
Billing for Medical Genetics and Genetic Counseling Services: A National Survey
Authors: Harrison Tabitha A. , Doyle Debra Lochner , McGowan Caroline , Cohen Leslie , Repass Elizabeth , Pfau Ruthann B. , Brown Trish 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn January 2007 the American Medical Association added a new Current Procedural Terminology® (CPT) code, 96040, for “Medical Genetics and Genetic Counseling Services.” In order to identify the impact of having this new code and to identify issues with implementation of the code, the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC) CPT® Working Group surveyed NSGC members using an internet‐based survey tool. The majority of respondents (94%) reported being aware of the new code and over half of the respondents (69%) said they were billing for genetic counseling. Approximately 24% of those billing reported using 96040. Many facilities are not using this code and the reported success of billing using 96040 is highly varied. Continued education may be beneficial to encourage reimbursement for 96040 and follow up is needed to assess the ongoing implementation and impact of the new CPT® code.