bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alemtuzumab by continuous intravenous infusion followed by subcutaneous injection plus rituximab in the treatment of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia recurrence
Authors: Faderl Stefan , Ferrajoli Alessandra , Wierda William , O'Brien Susan , Lerner Susan , Keating Michael J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Monoclonal antibodies may be used more effectively in combination. A previous study of intravenous (iv) bolus alemtuzumab plus rituximab in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) recurrence produced a response rate of 54% after a 4‐week treatment period.METHODS:To optimize dose, schedule, and route of alemtuzumab, a study was designed exploring continuous intravenous infusion (civ) followed by subcutaneous (sc) alemtuzumab together with weekly iv rituximab in patients with previously treated CLL.RESULTS:Data from 40 patients with a median age of 59 years, and a median of 3 prior regimens (range, 1‐8 regimens) were evaluable. Approximately 64% of patients were fludarabine‐refractory. Seven patients (18%) achieved a complete response (CR), 4 (10%) a nodular partial response (nPR), and 10 (25%) a partial response for an overall response rate of 53%. Of 11 major responses (CR, nPR), 8 occurred after cycle 1. Response rates were highest in blood (94%), followed by liver/spleen (82%), bone marrow (68%), and lymph nodes (51%). The combination did not generate unexpected toxicities. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivations occurred in 6 patients (15%) and responded well to anti‐CMV therapy. High titers of anti‐idiotype antibodies after sc alemtuzumab were demonstrated in 1 patient, but remained without clinical sequelae.CONCLUSIONS:The combination of civ/sc alemtuzumab plus rituximab has activity in some patients with recurrent/refractory CLL and maximum response is achieved after 1 cycle (4 weeks) in 73% of patients. Further exploration in other settings of CLL together with accompanying pharmacokinetic studies is recommended. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Pretreatment assessment of tumor enhancement on contrast‐enhanced computed tomography as a potential predictor of treatment outcome in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients receiving antiangiogenic therapy
Authors: Han Kyung Seok , Jung Dae Chul , Choi Hyuck Jae , Jeong Min Soo , Cho Kang Su , Joung Jae Young , Seo Ho Kyung , Lee Kang Hyun , Chung Jinsoo 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Tumor vascularity is a potential predictor of treatment outcomes in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), and contrast enhancement of tumors in computed tomography (CT) is correlated significantly with microvessel density. In this study, the authors investigated whether tumor enhancement in contrast‐enhanced CT (CECT) is useful for predicting outcomes in patients with mRCC who are receiving antiangiogenic therapy.METHODS:Attenuation values were reviewed retrospectively on CECT images of all metastatic lesions in 66 patients from February 2007 to November 2008. All patients received a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (either sunitinib or sorafenib). Tumor response was evaluated on CECT studies every 12 weeks. The authors analyzed the association between contrast enhancement and treatment outcomes, including objective response, tumor size reduction rate, time to response, and time to progression.RESULTS:In 46 patients, 198 metastatic lesions were assessed. Tumor size was reduced in 140 lesions (70.7%) and was increased in 58 lesions (29.3%). The mean reduction in size was 23.8%. The overall mean time to response and the time to progression were 8.6 months and 16.4 months, respectively. In multivariate analyses, tumor enhancement and enhancement pattern were associated with objective responses (P = .003 and P = .028, respectively). In addition, tumor enhancement was associated with tumor size reduction (P = .004). In Cox proportional hazards models, only tumor enhancement was associated significantly with the time to size reduction and progression‐free survival (P = .03 and P = .015, respectively).CONCLUSIONS:Tumor enhancement on CECT images was associated with treatment outcomes and was identified as a potential predictor of treatment outcomes after antiangiogenic therapy in patients with mRCC. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Medication errors involving oral chemotherapy
Authors: Weingart Saul N. , Toro Julio , Spencer Justin , Duncombe Deborah , Gross Anne , Bartel Sylvia , Miransky Jeremy , Partridge Ann , Shulman Lawrence N. , Connor Maureen 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Given the expanding use of oral chemotherapies, the authors set out to examine errors in the prescribing, dispensing, administration, and monitoring of these drugs.METHODS:Reports were collected of oral chemotherapy‐associated medication errors from a medical literature and Internet search and review of reports to the Medication Errors Reporting Program and MEDMARX. The authors solicited incident reports from 14 comprehensive cancer centers, and also collected incident reports, pharmacy interventions, and prompted clinician reports from their own center. They classified the type of incident, severity, stage in the medication use process, and type of medication error. They examined the yield of the various reporting methods to identify oral chemotherapy‐related medication errors.RESULTS:The authors identified 99 adverse drug events, 322 near misses, and 87 medical errors with low risk of harm. Of the 99 adverse drug events, 20 were serious or life‐threatening, 52 were significant, and 25 were minor. The most common medication errors involved wrong dose (38.8%), wrong drug (13.6%), wrong number of days supplied (11.0%), and missed dose (10.0%). The majority of errors resulted in a near miss; however, 39.3% of reports involving the wrong number of days supplied resulted in adverse drug events. Incidents derived from the literature search and hospital incident reporting system included a larger percentage of adverse drug events (73.1% and 58.8%, respectively) compared with other sources.CONCLUSIONS:Ensuring oral chemotherapy safety requires improvements in the way these drugs are ordered, dispensed, administered, and monitored. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Random surface growth with a wall and Plancherel measures for O (∞)
Authors: Borodin Alexei , Kuan Jeffrey 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe consider a Markov evolution of lozenge tilings of a quarter‐plane and study its asymptotics at large times. One of the boundary rays serves as a reflecting wall.We observe frozen and liquid regions, prove convergence of the local correlations to translation‐invariant Gibbs measures in the liquid region, and obtain new discrete Jacobi and symmetric Pearcey determinantal point processes near the wall.The model can be viewed as the one‐parameter family of Plancherel measures for the infinite‐dimensional orthogonal group, and we use this interpretation to derive the determinantal formula for the correlation functions at any finite‐time moment. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pancreatic fat is negatively associated with insulin secretion in individuals with impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance: a nuclear magnetic resonance study
Authors: Heni Martin , Machann Jürgen , Staiger Harald , Schwenzer Nina F. , Peter Andreas , Schick Fritz , Claussen Claus D. , Stefan Norbert , Häring Hans‐Ulrich , Fritsche Andreas 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance and β‐cell dysfunction. Pancreatic fat load may add to the development of β‐cell dysfunction. The aim was to thoroughly quantify the fat content of pancreas sections (caput, corpus, and cauda) and to compare the impact of pancreatic, intrahepatic, and visceral fat on insulin secretion in humans.MethodsFifty‐one subjects were subjected to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with glucose, insulin, and C‐peptide measurements [28 subjects displayed normal glucose tolerance, 23 impaired fasting glycemia (IFG)] and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)], and also to whole‐body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), pancreas MRI, and liver magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).ResultsAfter adjustment for gender and age, the mean pancreatic fat content was positively associated with body mass index (BMI), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and waist circumference (all p ≤ 0.0013). The mean pancreatic fat content was negatively associated with OGTT‐based measures of insulin secretion (all p ≤ 0.03). Analysis of the subgroups of glucose tolerance showed that this was restricted to subjects with IGT and/or IFG. Visceral fat also represented a determinant of β‐cell function in individuals with IGT and/or IFG (all p ≤ 0.02), whereas intrahepatic fat did not. In a stepwise multivariate regression analysis, pancreatic fat turned out to be a stronger determinant of impaired insulin secretion than visceral fat.ConclusionsPancreatic fat is negatively associated with insulin secretion in subjects with IGT/IFG and, therefore, might represent an additional pathogenetic factor leading to β‐cell dysfunction. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
NaV1.6a is required for normal activation of motor circuits normally excited by tactile stimulation
Authors: Low Sean E. , Zhou Weibin , Choong Ingxin , Saint‐Amant Louis , Sprague Shawn M. , Hirata Hiromi , Cui Wilson W. , Hume Richard I. , Kuwada John Y. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA screen for zebrafish motor mutants identified two noncomplementing alleles of a recessive mutation that were named non‐active (navmi89 and navmi130). nav embryos displayed diminished spontaneous and touch‐evoked escape behaviors during the first 3 days of development. Genetic mapping identified the gene encoding NaV1.6a (scn8aa) as a potential candidate for nav. Subsequent cloning of scn8aa from the two alleles of nav uncovered two missense mutations in NaV1.6a that eliminated channel activity when assayed heterologously. Furthermore, the injection of RNA encoding wild‐type scn8aa rescued the nav mutant phenotype indicating that scn8aa was the causative gene of nav. In‐vivo electrophysiological analysis of the touch‐evoked escape circuit indicated that voltage‐dependent inward current was decreased in mechanosensory neurons in mutants, but they were able to fire action potentials. Furthermore, tactile stimulation of mutants activated some neurons downstream of mechanosensory neurons but failed to activate the swim locomotor circuit in accord with the behavioral response of initial escape contractions but no swimming. Thus, mutant mechanosensory neurons appeared to respond to tactile stimulation but failed to initiate swimming. Interestingly fictive swimming could be initiated pharmacologically suggesting that a swim circuit was present in mutants. These results suggested that NaV1.6a was required for touch‐induced activation of the swim locomotor network. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 70:508–522, 2010
Stability‐indicating spectrophotometric methods for determination of tazarotene in the presence of its alkaline degradation product by derivative spectrophotometric techniques
Authors: Badawy Amr M. , El‐Alim Abd El‐Aziz B. Abd , Saad Ahmed S. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe stability of tazarotene (TZ) was investigated and two stability‐indicating methods—namely, first derivative and a derivative ratio spectrophotometric method—were used to determine tazarotene in the presence of its alkaline degradation product (HD) using methanol as a solvent. A linear relationship was obtained in the range 1–10 µg ml−1 for both methods. By applying the proposed methods, it was possible to determine tazarotene in its pure powdered from with accuracy 99.35 ± 1.410 (n = 10) for the first derivative method and 99.45 ± 1.053 (n = 10) for the derivative ratio method. First derivative and derivative ratio methods were used for the analysis of laboratory‐prepared mixtures containing different ratios of tazarotene and its degradation product and they were valid in the presence of up to 70% and 80% degradation product, respectively. The proposed methods were validated and found to be suitable as stability‐indicating assay methods for tazarotene in pharmaceutical formulations. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spectrophotometric and spectrodensitometric methods for the determination of rivastigmine hydrogen tartrate in presence of its degradation product
Authors: Salem Maissa Y. , El‐Kosasy Amira M. , El‐Bardicy Mohamed G. , Abd El‐Rahman Mohamed K. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThree sensitive, selective and precise stability‐indicating methods for the determination of the anti‐Alzheimer's drug, rivastigmine hydrogen tartrate (RIV) in the presence of its alkaline degradation product (major metabolite, NAP 226‐90) and in pharmaceutical formulation were developed and validated. The first method is a second derivative (D2) spectrophotometric one, which allows the determination of RIV in the presence of its degradate at 262 nm (corresponding to zero crossing of the degradate) over a concentration range of 50–500 µg/ml with mean percentage recovery 100.18 ± 0.628. The second method is the first derivative of the ratio spectra (DD1) by measuring the peak amplitude at 272 nm over the same concentration range as (D2) spectrophotometric method, with mean percentage recovery 99.97 ± 0.641. The third method is a TLC‐densitometric one, where RIV was separated from its degradate on silica gel plates using methanol:butanol:H2O:ammonia (5:4:1:0.01 v:v:v) as a developing system. This method depends on the quantitative densitometric evaluation of thin layer chromatogram of RIV at 263 nm over a concentration range of 20–160 µg/spot, with mean percentage recovery 100.19 ± 1.344. The selectivity of the proposed methods was tested using laboratory‐prepared mixtures. The proposed methods have been successfully applied to the analysis of RIV in pharmaceutical dosage forms without interference from other dosage form additives and the results were statistically compared with reference method. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Soma‐germline interactions that influence germline proliferation in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Korta Dorota Z. , Hubbard E. Jane Albert 
Published: March 2010

AbstractCaenorhabditis elegans boasts a short lifecycle and high fecundity, two features that make it an attractive and powerful genetic model organism. Several recent studies indicate that germline proliferation, a prerequisite to optimal fecundity, is tightly controlled over the course of development. Cell proliferation control includes regulation of competence to proliferate, a poorly understood aspect of cell fate specification, as well as cell‐cycle control. Furthermore, dynamic regulation of cell proliferation occurs in response to multiple external signals. The C. elegans germ line is proving a valuable model for linking genetic, developmental, systemic, and environmental control of cell proliferation. Here, we consider recent studies that contribute to our understanding of germ cell proliferation in C. elegans. We focus primarily on somatic control of germline proliferation, how it differs at different life stages, and how it can be altered in the context of the life cycle and changes in environmental status. Developmental Dynamics 239:1449–1459, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
“CRASH”ing with the worm: Insights into L1CAM functions and mechanisms
Authors: Chen Lihsia , Zhou Shan 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe L1 family of cell adhesion molecules (L1CAMs) in vertebrates has long been studied for its roles in nervous system development and function. Members of this family have been associated with distinct neurological disorders that include CRASH, autism, 3p syndrome, and schizophrenia. The conservation of L1CAMs in Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans allows the opportunity to take advantage of these simple model organisms and their accessible genetic manipulations to dissect L1CAM functions and mechanisms of action. This review summarizes the discoveries of L1CAMs made in C. elegans, showcasing this simple model organism as a powerful system to uncover L1CAM mechanisms and roles in healthy and diseased states. Developmental Dynamics 239:1490–1501, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Risk factors, correlates, and markers in early‐onset bulimia nervosa and EDNOS
Authors: Day Jemma , Schmidt Ulrike , Collier David , Perkins Sarah , Van den Eynde Frederique , Treasure Janet , Yi Irene , Winn Suzanne , Robinson Paul , Murphy Rebecca , Keville Saskia , Johnson‐Sabine Eric , Jenkins Mari , Frost Susie , Dodge Liz , Berelowitz Mark , Eisler Ivan 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to investigate the specific risk factors, correlates, and markers associated with the development of symptomatology of early‐onset BN and subclinical BN.Method:Two semi‐structured interviews were used to examine symptomatology and antecedent factors of bulimic symptoms in a sample of British adolescents.Results:Adolescents with early‐onset eating pathology were significantly more likely to report an earlier age of menarche than those developing the disorder at the typical age, and were found to have a different pathway of symptom development.Discussion:Increased awareness of this may help identify those particularly at risk for developing an early‐onset of eating pathology. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2011; 44:287–294)
Comparative Solution Equilibrium Study of the Interactions of Copper(II), Iron(II) and Zinc(II) with Triapine (3‐Aminopyridine‐2‐carbaldehyde Thiosemicarbazone) and Related Ligands
Authors: Enyedy Éva A. , Nagy Nóra V. , Zsigó Éva , Kowol Christian R. , Arion Vladimir B. , Keppler Bernhard K. , Kiss Tamás 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe interactions of CuII, ZnII and FeII with Triapine (3‐aminopyridine‐2‐carbaldehyde thiosemicarbazone), which is currently undergoing phase II clinical trials as a chemotherapeutic antitumour agent, were investigated in a water/DMSO mixture. The proton‐dissociation constants of the ligands, the stability constants and the coordination modes of the metal complexes formed were determined by pH‐potentiometric, UV/Vis spectrophotometric, EPR, 1H NMR spectroscopic and ESI‐MS methods. Two N‐terminally dimethylated derivatives of Triapine were also studied. Mono‐ and bis‐ligand complexes in different protonation states were identified. Furthermore, the formation of the dinuclear species [Cu2L3]+ was confirmed for all ligands by EPR spectroscopy and ESI‐MS measurements. The results showed that the N‐terminally dimethylated ligands are much more potent chelators than Triapine for the divalent metal ions studied. All three ligands formed the least stable complexes with ZnII, whereas the FeII complexes were somewhat more stable than the corresponding CuII species.
Coordination Behavior of the (Diphenylphosphanyl)[α‐(2‐pyridyl)benzyl]amide Anion toward Lithium and Zinc Cations
Authors: Olbert Dirk , Görls Helmar , Conrad Delf , Westerhausen Matthias 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA two‐step synthesis allows the preparation of [α‐(2‐pyridyl)benzyl]amine (1) in good yield. Phosphanylation in the presence of triethylamine gives (diphenylphosphanyl)[α‐(2‐pyridyl)benzyl]amine (2), which crystallizes as a racemate in the centrosymmetric triclinic space group P$\bar {1}$. The P–N bond lengths exhibit an average value of 168.3 pm. Lithiation of 2 with n‐butyllithium yields dimeric semi(tetrahydrofuran)lithium (diphenylphosphanyl)[α‐(2‐pyridyl)benzyl]amide (3) with the lithium atoms in different environments. One Li atom is in a distorted tetrahedral environment and the other in a trigonal‐planar coordination sphere with bridging amide moieties (av. Li–N 201.8, Li–O 192.4 pm). Zincation of 2 with dimethylzinc leads to the formation of dimeric methylzinc (diphenylphosphanyl)[α‐(2‐pyridyl)benzyl]amide (4) with a central six‐membered (ZnNP)2 ring in a boat conformation (av. Zn–N 201.8, Zn–P 245.9 pm). The endocyclic P–N bonds are rather short (av. value 162.7 pm).
Click Chemistry to Fluorescent Amino Esters: Synthesis and Spectroscopic Studies
Authors: Li Chun , Henry Etienne , Mani Naresh Kumar , Tang Jie , Brochon Jean‐Claude , Deprez Eric , Xie Juan 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA new series of fluorescent amino esters have successfully been prepared by click chemistry by introducing different fluorophores (fluorescein, dansyl, 4‐nitro‐2,1,3‐benzoxadiazole, coumarin and benzothiadiazole) into the side‐chain of either serine, lysine or phenylalanine. The newly synthesized fluorescent amino esters displayed spectroscopic properties similar to their native fluorophores, with high quantum yields and fluorescence in the visible region (420–520 nm). Steady‐state as well as time‐resolved studies indicated that benzothiadiazole derivatives 22–25 are promising probes for studying protein dynamics or molecular interactions, especially in the cell, due to their emissions in the visible region, their high quantum yields and their relatively long lifetimes (14.7–18.3 ns). Moreover, the fluorescence of 7‐hydroxycoumarin‐substituted amino ester 27 was very sensitive to the solvent proticity and pH value. This compound appears to be a suitable pH‐sensitive amino acid for probing the local pH in cell compartments.
Efficient and Reliable Iodination and O‐Methylation of Fluorinated Phenols
Authors: Francke Robert , Schnakenburg Gregor , Waldvogel Siegfried R. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractFluorinated phenols and other electron‐deficient phenolic substrates are efficiently and cleanly iodinated by an iodine/iodide mixture employing alkaline conditions. This protocol turned out to be the most practical for the generation of such highly fluorinated iodophenols. For later application in coupling processes the protection of the phenolic hydroxymoiety is often required. Therefore, a practical iodination and subsequent methylation sequence was elaborated providing the highly fluorinated anisoles with good to excellent yields. The developed method is applicable for a broad scope of fluorinated phenols and analogues.
Comparison between real‐time dynamic substructuring and shake table testing techniques for nonlinear seismic applications
Authors: Lamarche C.‐P. , Tremblay R. , Léger P. , Leclerc M. , Bursi O. S. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractResults from real‐time dynamic substructuring (RTDS) tests are compared with results from shake table tests performed on a two‐storey steel building structure model. At each storey, the structural system consists of a cantilevered steel column resisting lateral loads in bending. In two tests, a slender diagonal tension‐only steel bracing member was added at the first floor to obtain an unsymmetrical system with highly variable stiffness. Only the first‐storey structural components were included in the RTDS test program and a Rosenbrock‐W linearly implicit integration scheme was adopted for the numerical solution. The tests were performed under seismic ground motions exhibiting various amplitude levels and frequency contents to develop first and second mode‐dominated responses as well as elastic and inelastic responses. A chirp signal was also used. Coherent results were obtained between the shake table and the RTDS testing techniques, indicating that RTDS testing methods can be used to successfully reproduce both the linear and nonlinear seismic responses of ductile structural steel seismic force resisting systems. The time delay introduced by actuator‐control systems was also studied and a novel adaptive compensation scheme is proposed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.