bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonality and vertical structure of microbial communities in an ocean gyre
Authors: Treusch Alexander H , Vergin Kevin L , Finlay Liam A , Donatz Michael G , Burton Robert M , Carlson Craig A , Giovannoni Stephen J 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
Vertical, seasonal and geographical patterns in ocean microbial communities have been observed in many studies, but the resolution of community dynamics has been limited by the scope of data sets, which are seldom up to the task of illuminating the highly structured and rhythmic patterns of change found in ocean ecosystems. We studied vertical and temporal patterns in the microbial community composition in a set of 412 samples collected from the upper 300 m of the water column in the northwestern Sargasso Sea, on cruises between 1991 and 2004. The region sampled spans the extent of deep winter mixing and the transition between the euphotic and the upper mesopelagic zones, where most carbon fixation and reoxidation occurs. A bioinformatic pipeline was developed to de-noise, normalize and align terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) data from three restriction enzymes and link T-RFLP peaks to microbial clades. Non-metric multidimensional scaling statistics resolved three microbial communities with distinctive composition during seasonal stratification: a surface community in the region of lowest nutrients, a deep chlorophyll maximum community and an upper mesopelagic community. A fourth microbial community was associated with annual spring blooms of eukaryotic phytoplankton that occur in the northwestern Sargasso Sea as a consequence of winter convective mixing that entrains nutrients to the surface. Many bacterial clades bloomed in seasonal patterns that shifted with the progression of stratification. These richly detailed patterns of community change suggest that highly specialized adaptations and interactions govern the success of microbial populations in the oligotrophic ocean.
Reprint: Good Laboratory Practice: Preventing Introduction of Bias at the Bench
Authors: Macleod Malcolm R , Fisher Marc , O'Collins Victoria , Sena Emily S , Dirnagl Ulrich , Bath Philip MW , Buchan Alastair , van der Worp H Bart , Traystman Richard J , Minematsu Kazuo , Donnan Geoffrey A , Howells David W 
Published: June 2009

Correction to: Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism (2009) 29, 221–223; doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2008.101 Following the publication of this article, the authors noted that Dr Buchan's first name was misspelled. The correct and complete author name is above.
The Effect of Ethanol on Human Brain Metabolites Longitudinally Characterized by Proton MR Spectroscopy
Authors: Biller Armin , Bartsch Andreas J , Homola György , Solymosi László , Bendszus Martin 
Published: June 2009

Correction to: Journal of Cerebroal Blood Flow & Metabolism (2009) 29, 891–902; doi: 10.1038/jcbfm.2009.12 Following the publication of this article, the authors noted the following errors, which were introduced as part of the editing process by the publisher: In the Abstract, the sentence ‘Alcohol-induced changes of fronto-mesial creatine, choline, glucose, inositol and aspartate levels for 5.79 ± 2.94mins upon ingestion as well as cerebellar choline and inositol levels for 8.64 ± 2.98mins past exposure …’ should be ‘Alcohol induced changes of fronto-mesial creatine, choline, glucose, inositol and aspartate levels at 5.79 ± 2.94mins upon ingestion as well as cerebellar choline and inositol levels at 8.64 ± 2.98 mins past exposure …’. In the Results, ‘Ethanol’ section, the sentence beginning with ‘Ethanol concentrations culminated in …’ should be ‘Ethanol concentrations culminated at …’. In the Material and Methods, ‘Protocol’ section, the sentence beginning with ‘At for 726.36 ± 94.96 mins …’ should be ‘At 726.36 ± 94.96 mins …’.
Leadership: Finding Your Inner Throgmartin
Authors: Golper Lee Ann C. 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
This article suggests we all have leadership potential within us (our inner Throgmartin). Unlocking and cultivating that potential requires acquiring leadership knowledge, perfecting leadership skills, and developing a leadership style that fits best with one's personality and role (director, manager, volunteer). This article looks at sources of empowerment available to leaders and the sources of stress in leadership. The keys to achieving and sustaining resilient, healthy leaders, particularly in difficult times, are discussed. The article suggests resilient leadership lies with work and home life integration, and networking with other leaders.
Facilitating Supervisee Cultural Fluency for a Multicultural Society
Authors: Staub Kenneth J. 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
Multiculturalism has been, and will only continue to become more of a fact in our society and professional practice. Because of this, supervisors have both a practical reason and ethical responsibility for facilitating their supervisees' cultural fluency. This article explores multiculturalism, offering a working definition, emphasizing the dynamic nature of the concept, and reasserting its need for inclusion in the supervisory process. The development of cultural fluency is presented, primarily as a process predicated upon the supervisee's attainment of self-awareness as a means of establishing responsive, reciprocal, and respectful relationships. Supervisor facilitation of cultural fluency is addressed in the context of modeling relevant skills for the supervisee in the clinical setting. Indicators for assessing supervisor performance as multicultural clinic educators are presented, as are criteria for evaluating the supervisee's progression toward becoming a culturally fluent practitioner and individual.
Responses to Intervention Program Outcomes for Pre-K
Authors: Webb Lisa , Griggs Leigh Anne , Green Charlette 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
This article addresses outcomes as they relate to a responsiveness-to-intervention (RTI/RtI) model used in a pre-kindergarten (pre-k) setting. The RTI model requires frequent progress monitoring of at-risk students' responses to evidence-based interventions. Treatment outcomes studies judge whether interventions are effective for their intended purpose. This article defines outcomes, describes the importance of outcomes in an RTI model, and tells how to obtain outcome data. Outcomes from a pre-k language intervention will be presented.
Counseling Adolescents With Hearing Loss Using a Narrative Therapy Approach
Authors: Crowell Rebecca L. Nelson , Hanenburg Julie , Gilbertson Amy 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAudiologists have a responsibility to counsel patients with auditory concerns on methods to manage the inherent challenges associated with hearing loss at every point in the process: evaluation, hearing aid fitting, and follow-up visits. Adolescents with hearing loss struggle with the typical developmental challenges along with communicative challenges that can erode one's self-esteem and self-worth. The feeling of “not being connected” to peers can result in feelings of isolation and depression. This article advocates the use of a Narrative Therapy approach to counseling adolescents with hearing loss. Adolescents with hearing loss often have problem-saturated narratives regarding various components of their daily life, friendships, amplification, academics, etc. Audiologists can work with adolescents with hearing loss to deconstruct the problem-saturated narratives and rebuild the narratives into a more empowering message. As the adolescent retells their positive narrative, they are likely to experience increased self-esteem and self-worth.
The Speech-Language Pathologist and Reading: Opportunities to Extend Services for the Children We Serve
Authors: Ritter Michaela J. 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
In recent years, major changes have occurred in the field of speech-language pathology and education. In the past 2 decades researchers, educators, and speech-language pathologists (SLPs) have increased their focus on the identification, assessment, and treatment of reading disabilities in children (Catts, 1991; Catts, Fey, Zhang, & Tomblin, 2001; Justice & Ezell, 2004; Kaderavek & Justice, 2004). The primary goal of this article is to discuss a variety of ways that the speech-language pathologist can be both directly and indirectly involved in working with children who present with language and reading impairments. For example, Baylor University's Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders has had the opportunity to be involved in the prevention, identification, and treatment of reading disabilities in children both in a direct and indirect way.
How Do I Work With the Reading Teacher Without Becoming One?
Authors: Angel Susan E. , Butler Yolonda G. , Cichra Deborah L. , Moore Cheriee C. , Simonet Judith 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
The Speech-Language Program of Orange County Public Schools (OCPS), Orlando, FL has provided ongoing intensive professional development and support to their speech-language pathologists to facilitate inclusive services for students who are identified as speech-language impaired. However, providing inclusive services in the general and special education classrooms often raises the question, “How should speech-language pathologists provide services in the classroom, focusing on classroom curriculum without becoming the reading teacher?” This article discusses how a speech-language pathologist differentiates his/her services from the responsibilities of the reading teacher.
Science Through Language: Language Through Science; Working With Teachers to Make Every Moment a Language Moment
Authors: Gottfred Catherine H. , Lybolt John 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
Preschool teachers have been tasked with developing emergent literacy skills, frequently co-teaching with a speech-language pathologist. Science activities offer opportunities to provide both content and language experiences in preschool and kindergarten. A “Language Through Science” (LTS) approach integrates language and science in preschool and kindergarten classrooms, emphasizing techniques that can be the language underpinnings of emergent literacy. We review the theory, background, outcomes data, and sample activities of a language-focused science program that can help the speech-language pathologist support content with emergent literacy activities in a classroom curriculum.
SLPs Then and Now: Keeping the Vision While Infusing Accountability and Function
Authors: Kerins Marie R. , Sheridan Karen , Feinberg Karen 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
Incorporating literacy into the caseload of the school-based speech-language pathologist is often met with mixed feelings. This article explores the role of the speech-language pathologist (SLP) in the literacy arena from the mid 1970s to the present. It becomes apparent that SLPs have long recognized the relationship between the areas of language we are trained to address and an individual's ability to read and write. Changes have occurred over the last 25 years with an increase in research supporting the reciprocal relationship between language and literacy, a movement toward evidenced-based practice, and greater accountability regarding education and related service goals. While SLPs were exploring the language-literacy relationships several decades ago, current practice patterns demonstrate exemplary examples of collaboration with classroom teachers and SLPs. Two speech-language pathologists from a public school system in Maryland share how they have effectively worked on areas of prevention and intervention in a collaborative manner. Examples are also provided of “other roles” we often provide to general educators and families.
Research on Reading: What SLPs Want (or Need) to Know
Authors: Montgomery Judy 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
As increasing numbers of speech language pathologists (SLPs) have embraced their burgeoning roles in written as well as spoken language intervention, they have recognized that there is much to be gained from the research in reading. While some SLPs reportedly fear they will “morph” into reading teachers, many more are confidently aware that SLPs who work with adult clients routinely use reading as one of their rehabilitation modalities. Reading functions as both a tool to reach language in adults, and as a measure of successful therapy. This advanced cognitive skill can serve the same purpose for children. Language is the foundational support to reading. Consequently spoken language problems are often predictors of reading and writing challenges that may be ahead for the student (Juel & Deffes, 2004; Moats, 2001; Wallach, 2004). A targeted review of reading research may assist the SLP to appreciate the language/reading interface.
Pediatric and NeonatalStaphylococcus aureusBacteremia Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Outcome
Authors: Burke Robert E. , Halpern Meira S. , Baron Ellen Jo , Gutierrez Kathleen 
Published: June 2009

Objective.To evaluate the impact of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureuson the prevalence ofS. aureusbloodstream infection among children.Methods.Retrospective analysis of demographic data, risk factors for infection, and clinical outcomes for children (age, less than 18 years) withS. aureusbacteremia hospitalized at a children's hospital during 2001–2006.Results.We identified 164 episodes ofS. aureusbacteremia among 151 children. The prevalence of bacteremia due to methicillin-susceptibleS. aureusduring 2001–2003 was approximately the same as that during 2004–2006 (29 and 30 cases, respectively, per 10,000 hospitalized children [hereafter, “per 10,000 hospitalizations”]), but the prevalence of bacteremia due to methicillin-resistantS. aureusincreased from 4 to 11 cases, respectively, per 10,000 hospitalizations (P= .015). A total of 48% of infections involved children who hadS. aureus-positive blood cultures less than 3 days after hospital admission. Seventy-four percent of these children had a preexisting comorbidity. When the prevalence ofS. aureusbacteremia was stratified by race, sex, or age, neonates hospitalized at birth and Hispanic children had significantly reduced risks of infection. Children younger than 1 year of age (excluding neonates hospitalized at birth) had an increased prevalence of hospital-onsetS. aureusbacteremia. There was a disproportionate increase in the risk ofS. aureusbacteremia for each additional week of hospitalization among children with hospital-onsetS. aureusbacteremia. Children with methicillin-resistantS. aureusbacteremia had a longer hospital stay, were transferred to another facility at a greater rate than they were discharged home, and had a greater mortality rate, compared with children with methicillin-susceptibleS. aureusbacteremia.Conclusion.This study documents the prevalence ofS. aureusbacteremia among children with a high risk for acquiring this infection, and it describes populations of children who are at higher risk for bacteremia due to either methicillin-susceptible or methicillin-resistantS. aureus. Methods to improve prevention ofS. aureusbacteremia are needed for children with healthcare-associated risk factors forS. aureusbacteremia.
Carbapenem Resistance Among Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates Risk Factors, Molecular Characteristics, and Susceptibility Patterns
Authors: Hussein Khetam , Sprecher Hanna , Mashiach Tania , Oren Ilana , Kassis Imad , Finkelstein Renato 
Published: June 2009

Background.Carbapenem resistance among isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae has been unusual.Objectives.To identify risk factors for infection with carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) and to characterize microbiological aspects of isolates associated with these infections.Design.Retrospective case-control study.Setting.A 900-bed tertiary care hospital.Results.From January 2006 through April 2007, K. pneumoniae was isolated from 461 inpatients; 88 had CRKP infection (case patients), whereas 373 had carbapenem-susceptible K. pneumoniae infection (control subjects). The independent risk factors for infection with CRKP were prior fluoroquinolone use (odds ratio [OR], 1.87 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.07–3.26]; P = .026), previous receipt of a carbapenem drug (OR, 1.83 [95% CI, 1.02–3.27]; P = .042), admission to the intensive care unit (OR, 4.27 [95% CI, 2.49–7.31]; P < .001), and exposure to at least 1 antibiotic drug before isolation of K. pneumoniae (OR, 3.93 [95% CI, 1.15–13.47]; P = .029). All CRKP isolates carried the blaKPC gene. Approximately 90% of the tested isolates carried the blaKPC-2 allele, suggesting patient-to-patient transmission. Almost all CRKP isolates were resistant to all antibiotics, except to Colistin (resistance rate, 4.5%), gentamicin (resistance rate, 7%), and tigecycline (resistance rate, 15%).Conclusions.CRKP should be regarded as an emerging clinical threat. Because these isolates are resistant to virtually all commonly used antibiotics, control of their spread is crucial.
Surveillance for Healthcare-Acquired Febrile Respiratory Infection in Pediatric Hospitals Participating in the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program
Authors: Vayalumkal Joseph V. , Gravel Denise , Moore Dorothy , Matlow Anne ,   Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program
Published: June 2009

Objective.To determine the rates of healthcare-acquired febrile respiratory infection (HA-FRI) in Canadian pediatric hospitals and to determine the vaccination status of patients with healthcare-acquired respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, influenza, or pneumococcal infection who were also eligible for immunoprophylaxis.Methods.Prospective surveillance was conducted in 8 hospitals from January 1 to April 30, 2005. All hospitalized patients less than 18 years of age were eligible, except for patients housed in standard newborn nurseries or psychiatric units. Infection control professionals reviewed laboratory reports, conducted ward rounds, and reviewed medical records to identify case patients. Descriptive analyses were completed, as well.Results.A total of 96 case patients were identified; 52 (54%) were male, and 48 (50%) were aged 1 year or less. Seventy-two patients (75%) had chronic medical conditions. Respiratory viruses accounted for 72 (71%) of 101 pathogens identified, and RSV was the virus most frequently identified. Of these 96 patients, 9 (9%) died, and 3 (3%) of the deaths were related to the patient's HA-FRI. The mean incidence rate was 0.97 infections/1,000 patient-days (range, 0.29–1.50 infections/1,000 patient-days). Only 2 (15%) of 13 influenza vaccine-eligible children who acquired influenza while hospitalized were reported to have been vaccinated, but influenza vaccination status was unknown for most children. However, 4 (80%) of 5 RSV prophylaxis-eligible children who had healthcare-acquired RSV infection had received immunoprophylaxis with anti-RSV monoclonal antibody.Conclusions.HA-FRI is mainly caused by viruses such as RSV, and it primarily affects children under 1 year of age and those with chronic medical conditions.
Prevention of Central Venous Catheter-Associated Bloodstream Infections in Pediatric Intensive Care Units A Performance Improvement Collaborative
Authors: Jeffries Howard E. , Mason Wilbert , Brewer Melanie , Oakes Katie L. , Mufioz Esther I. , Gornick Wendi , Flowers Lee D. , Mullen Jodi E. , Gilliam Craig Harris , Fustar Stana , Thurm Cary W. , Logsdon Tina , Jarvis William R. 
Published: June 2009

Objective.The goal of this effort was to reduce central venous catheter (CVC)-associated bloodstream infections (BSIs) in pediatric intensive care unit (ICU) patients by means of a multicenter evidence-based intervention.Methods.An observational study was conducted in 26 freestanding children's hospitals with pediatric or cardiac ICUs that joined a Child Health Corporation of America collaborative. CVC-associated BSI protocols were implemented using a collaborative process that included catheter insertion and maintenance bundles, daily review of CVC necessity, and daily goals. The primary goal was either a 50% reduction in the CVC-associated BSI rate or a rate of 1.5 CVC-associated BSIs per 1,000 CVC-days in each ICU at the end of a 9-month improvement period. A 12-month sustain period followed the initial improvement period, with the primary goal of maintaining the improvements achieved.Results.The collaborative median CVC-associated BSI rate decreased from 6.3 CVC-associated BSIs per 1,000 CVC-days at the start of the collaborative to 4.3 CVC-associated BSIs per 1,000 CVC-days at the end of the collaborative. Sixty-five percent of all participants documented a decrease in their CVC-associated BSI rate. Sixty-nine CVC-associated BSIs were prevented across all teams, with an estimated cost avoidance of $2.9 million. Hospitals were able to sustain their improvements during a 12-month sustain period and prevent another 198 infections.Conclusions.We conclude that our collaborative quality improvement project demonstrated that significant reduction in CVC-associated BSI rates and related costs can be realized by means of evidence-based prevention interventions, enhanced communication among caregivers, standardization of CVC insertion and maintenance processes, enhanced measurement, and empowerment of team members to enforce adherence to best practices.
Using a double codend to reduce discard mortality
Authors: Broadhurst Matt K. , Millar Russell B. , Uhlmann Sebastian S. 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
Broadhurst, M. K., Millar, R. B., and Uhlmann, S. S. 2009. Using a double codend to reduce discard mortality. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 2077–2081. Traditional technical strategies for mitigating collateral fishing mortality have involved improving gear selectivity (to reduce bycatch) and, more recently, concomitant changes to onboard handling procedures to reduce some of the negative impacts to the remaining discards. A less common approach is to modify gears physically to minimize deleterious catching mechanisms and subsequent mortalities during fishing. This study aimed to investigate the utility of the latter category of modifications for penaeid trawls by separating a codend into two compartments (termed a double codend) to alleviate interactions between catches. Compared with a conventional design, the double codend significantly reduced the immediate (from 17.1 to 13.8%) and short-term (22.5 to 17.1%) mortalities of discarded juvenile school prawns (Metapenaeus macleayi). The effectiveness of the double codend remained independent of other factors known to affect the fate of discarded juvenile M. macleayi, including cloud cover and, owing to minimal variability, the weight of the total catch. However, irrespective of the codend configuration, overall mortalities were also positively correlated with the quantity of jellyfish. We conclude that when combined with modifications to improve selectivity and appropriate onboard handling strategies, compartmentalizing codend catches could cumulatively reduce unaccounted fishing mortality.