bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection and Recording of Partial Discharges Below the Inception Voltage with a Point-Plane Electrode Arrangement in Air: Experimental Data and Definitions
Authors: Danikas Michael 
Published: June 2011

Detection and Recording of Partial Discharges Below the Inception Voltage with a Point-Plane Electrode Arrangement in Air: Experimental Data and DefinitionsThe problem of insulation damage from partial discharges below the inception voltage has not yet attracted much attention. Indications of possible damage exist from previous research. In this paper, the possibility of existence of such phenomena is investigated with small air gaps and point-plane electrode arrangements. It is shown that random discharges below inception voltage may exist. Such discharges are registered and their waveforms are discussed. Experimental evidence is offered that discharges change from the pulse-type to a pulseless-type as the air gap becomes larger. Phenomena affecting in some way the insulating systems below inception may help us to better understand the mechanism of small current flow at relatively low voltages and may contribute to a better formulation of dielectric materials. Furthermore, besides the experimental results, the problem of definitions regarding these phenomena is discussed and commented upon.
Hybrid Evolutionary-Heuristic Algorithm for Capacitor Banks Allocation
Authors: Barukčić Marinko , Nikolovski Srete , Jović Franjo 
Published: June 2011

Hybrid Evolutionary-Heuristic Algorithm for Capacitor Banks Allocation
The issue of optimal allocation of capacitor banks concerning power losses minimization in distribution networks are considered in this paper. This optimization problem has been recently tackled by application of contemporary soft computing methods such as: genetic algorithms, neural networks, fuzzy logic, simulated annealing, ant colony methods, and hybrid methods. An evolutionaryheuristic method has been proposed for optimal capacitor allocation in radial distribution networks. An evolutionary method based on genetic algorithm is developed. The proposed method has a reduced number of parameters compared to the usual genetic algorithm. A heuristic stage is used for improving the optimal solution given by the evolutionary stage. A new cost-voltage node index is used in the heuristic stage in order to improve the quality of solution. The efficiency of the proposed two-stage method has been tested on different test networks. The quality of solution has been verified by comparison tests with other methods on the same test networks. The proposed method has given significantly better solutions for time dependent load in the 69-bus network than found in references.
Targeting FcαRI on Polymorphonuclear Cells Induces Tumor Cell Killing through Autophagy
Authors: Bakema Jantine E. , Ganzevles Sonja H. , Fluitsma Donna M. , Schilham Marco W. , Beelen Robert H. J. , Valerius Thomas , Lohse Stefan , Glennie Martin J. , Medema Jan Paul , van Egmond Marjolein 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant circulating FcR-expressing WBCs with potent cytotoxic ability. Currently, they are recognized as promising effector cells for Ab-mediated immunotherapy of cancer, because their capacity to kill tumor cells is greatly enhanced by tumor Ag-specific mAbs. The FcαRI represents the most potent FcR on neutrophils for induction of Ab-mediated tumor cell killing. However, the mechanisms of cell death that are induced are poorly understood. Because these mechanisms can be used for modulation of anticancer treatment, we investigated the tumor cell death induced by neutrophil-mediated Ab-dependent killing via FcαRI. Human mammary carcinoma cells were efficiently killed when incubated with human neutrophils and tumor-specific FcαRI bispecific or IgA Abs. Interestingly, we observed characteristics of autophagy such as autophagic structures by electron microscopy and LC3B+ autophagosomes in different human epithelial carcinoma cells, which resulted in tumor cell death. To a lesser extent, necrotic features, such as cellular membrane breakdown and spillage of intracellular content, were found. By contrast, apoptotic features including fragmented nuclei, Annexin V-positivity, and presence of cleaved caspase-3 were not observed. These findings indicate that neutrophils mainly facilitate autophagy to induce tumor cell death rather than the more commonly recognized apoptotic cell death mechanisms induced by NK cells or cytotoxic T cells. This knowledge not only reveals the type of tumor cell death induced in neutrophil-mediated, Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, but importantly opens up additional perspectives for modulation of anticancer therapy in, for example, apoptosis-resistant tumor cells.
Gab2, via PI-3K, Regulates ARF1 in FcεRI-Mediated Granule Translocation and Mast Cell Degranulation
Authors: Nishida Keigo , Yamasaki Satoru , Hasegawa Aiko , Iwamatsu Akihiro , Koseki Haruhiko , Hirano Toshio 
Published: June 2011

AbstractMast cells are major players in allergic responses. IgE-dependent activation through FcεR leads to degranulation and cytokine production, both of which require Gab2. To clarify how the signals diverge at Gab2, we established Gab2 knock-in mice that express Gab2 mutated at either the PI3K or SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP2) binding sites. Examination of these mutants showed that both binding sites were required for the degranulation and anaphylaxis response but not for cytokine production or contact hypersensitivity. Furthermore, the PI3K, but not the SHP2, binding site was important for granule translocation during degranulation. We also identified a small GTPase, ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF)1, as the downstream target of PI3K that regulates granule translocation. FcεRI stimulation induced ARF1 activation, and this response was dependent on Fyn and the PI3K binding site of Gab2. ARF1 activity was required for FcεRI-mediated granule translocation. These data indicated that Fyn/Gab2/PI3K/ARF1-mediated signaling is specifically involved in granule translocation and the anaphylaxis response.
Stabilization of switching Takagi–Sugeno systems by switched Lyapunov function
Authors: Benzaouia Abdellah , Hajjaji Ahmed El , Tadeo Fernando 
Published: June 2011

SUMMARYThis paper presents sufficient conditions for the stabilization of switching T‐S fuzzy discrete‐time linear systems. These conditions are obtained when state feedback control laws are used. The obtained results are formulated in terms of LMIs. A numerical example illustrates the technique. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Strain‐Promoted Alkyne–Azide Cycloadditions (SPAAC) Reveal New Features of Glycoconjugate Biosynthesis
Authors: Mbua Ngalle Eric , Guo Jun , Wolfert Margreet A. , Steet Richard , Boons Geert‐Jan 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe have shown that 4‐dibenzocyclooctynol (DIBO), which can easily be obtained by a streamlined synthesis approach, reacts exceptionally fast in the absence of a CuI catalyst with azido‐containing compounds to give stable triazoles. Chemical modifications of DIBO, such as oxidation of the alcohol to a ketone, increased the rate of strain promoted azide–alkyne cycloadditions (SPAAC). Installment of a ketone or oxime in the cyclooctyne ring resulted in fluorescent active compounds whereas this property was absent in the corresponding cycloaddition adducts; this provides the first example of a metal‐free alkyne–azide fluoro‐switch click reaction. The alcohol or ketone functions of the cyclooctynes offer a chemical handle to install a variety of different tags, and thereby facilitate biological studies. It was found that DIBO modified with biotin combined with metabolic labeling with an azido‐containing monosaccharide can determine relative quantities of sialic acid of living cells that have defects in glycosylation (Lec CHO cells). A combined use of metabolic labeling/SPAAC and lectin staining of cells that have defects in the conserved oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex revealed that such defects have a greater impact on O‐glycan sialylation than galactosylation, whereas sialylation and galactosylation of N‐glycans was similarly impacted. These results highlight the fact that the fidelity of Golgi trafficking is a critical parameter for the types of oligosaccharides being biosynthesized by a cell. Furthermore, by modulating the quantity of biosynthesized sugar nucleotide, cells might have a means to selectively alter specific glycan structures of glycoproteins.
Protoberberine Alkaloids and Cancer Chemopreventive Properties of Compounds from Alangium salviifolium
Authors: Pailee Phanruethai , Prachyawarakorn Vilailak , Mahidol Chulabhorn , Ruchirawat Somsak , Kittakoop Prasat 
Published: June 2011

AbstractNew protoberberine alkaloids, namely alangiumkaloids A (1) and B (2), 27‐O‐trans‐caffeoylcylicodiscic acid (3), and β‐D‐glucopyranos‐1‐yl N‐methylpyrrole‐2‐carboxylate (5) together with myriceric acid B (4), isoalangiside (6), alangiside (7), 3‐O‐demethyl‐2‐O‐methylalangiside (8), and demethylalangiside (9) have been isolated from Alangium salviifolium. The cancer chemopreventive properties and cytotoxic activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated. Compounds 3, 4, and 9 scavenged DPPH free radicals with IC50 values of 21.4, 21.8, and 24.0 μM, respectively. Alangisides 7 and 9 inhibited superoxide anion radical formation in the xanthine/xanthine oxidase (XXO) assay with IC50 values of 19.4 and 5.3 μM, respectively. Compounds 6–9 showed excellent antioxidant activity in the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay with 12.8–24.9 ORAC units. Compounds 3 and 4 inhibited aromatase activity with IC50 values of 4.7 and 6.8 μM, respectively. Although the isolated compounds showed only weak cytotoxicity or were inactive, compounds 3 and 4 exhibited cytotoxic activity towards the MOLT‐3 cell line with IC50 values of 5.6 and 3.9 μM, respectively, and compound 8 selectively inhibited the growth of the HepG2 cancer cell line with an IC50 value of 7.1 μM.
A synthetic hydrologic‐response dataset
Authors: Mirus Benjamin B. , Loague Keith , Cristea Nicoleta C. , Burges Stephen J. , Kampf Stephanie K. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractSynthetic data have long been employed in hydrology for model development and testing. The objective of this study was to generate a synthetic dataset of hydrologic response with higher spatial and temporal resolution than could presently be obtained in the field, spanning a longer period than the typical duration of monitoring campaigns in experimental catchments. The synthetic dataset was generated for a rangeland catchment with the Integrated Hydrology Model (InHM), and is presented for future use by the community. The InHM boundary‐value problem is based upon the previously reported hypothetical reality of Tarrawarra‐like hydrologic response. Whereas the emphasis in developing the hypothetical reality was on parameterising InHM to reproduce observations from the Tarrawarra catchment, the emphasis in generating the synthetic dataset is on developing an internally valid hydrologic‐response dataset that extends well beyond the period of observations at Tarrawarra. The synthetic dataset spans 11 years of continuous forcing and response data (e.g. integrated response, distributed fluxes, state variable dynamics). The dataset should be useful for a wide range of problems including evaluation of simple rainfall runoff modelling techniques, design of measurement networks, development of data‐assimilation algorithms, and studies on information theory. The dataset is available at: ftp://pangea.stanford.edu/pub/loague/. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of Aspergillus nidulans germination, initial growth and carbon source response by flow cytometry
Authors: Pereira de Souza Camila Cristina , Moreira Prado Giselda , da Conceição Freitas Roberta Cristina , Silva Santos Guimarães Patrícia , Calegário de Oliveira Leida , Eustáquio Alvim Brito‐Melo Gustavo , de Figueiredo Conte Vanzela Ana Paula 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn this work, flow cytometry was utilized to analyze the initial vegetative growth of the model fungus Aspergillus nidulans as measured by the number of events increasing size and internal complexity. It was established the ideal parameters for the analysis of conidial populations, whose growth was followed after germination in glucose or sucrose. While glucose in culture increased growth several magnitudes in comparison to control cultures in saline, growth was less intense in cultures amended with sucrose. Results indicated that flow cytometry could be a useful tool to study fungal germination and initial growth since it allowed rapid identification of different populations by means of their increasing in size and granularity with good reproducibility and without the need for direct observation and count of individual cells. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Mineralization of mono‐nitrophenols by Bjerkandera adusta and Lentinus squarrosulus and their extracellular ligninolytic enzymes
Authors: Tripathi Astha , Upadhyay R. C. , Singh Surendra 
Published: June 2011

AbstractNitroaromatic compounds constitute a major class of widely distributed environmental contaminants. Fifty fungal strains were screened for their potential to tolerance with 2‐nitrophenol, 3‐nitrophenol and 4‐nitrophenol on solid medium supplemented with 2% malt extract (MEA). Growth rate (mm/day) was determined at three concentrations (0.25, 0.5 and 1 mM) of all the three nitrophenols. From the fifty fungal strains only Bjerkandera adusta and Lentinus squarrosulus were able to tolerate all the three nitrophenols (NPs). These white‐rot fungi (WRF) were chosen for liquid medium studies for the mineralization of mono‐nitrophenols and ligninolytic enzyme activity at 0.25 mM concentration. Both varieties completely removed 2‐NP and 3‐NP while 4‐NP was hard to mineralize. AAO (Aryl Alcohol Oxidase) is the main oxidase enzyme in B. adusta while laccase plays important role in L. squarrosulus. MnP (Manganese peroxidase) is the main peroxidase enzyme in both varieties. These fungal strains were capable to degrade nitrophenols and could be used for bioremediation applications on large scale. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Flushing distances of ferruginous hawks nesting in rural and exurban New Mexico
Authors: Keeley William H. , Bechard Marc J. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAs natural environments become increasingly modified by humans, land managers should devise plans to protect sensitive species from human activities that disturb these species. We explored behavioral responses of nesting ferruginous hawks (Buteo regalis) to an approaching human in areas where the level of human activity on the landscaped varied. Contrary to other reports, hawks were aggressive in nest defense and female hawks defended nests more aggressively than male hawks. Adult hawks decreased nest‐defense intensity as nestling age increased but increased intensity with consecutive human visits to the nest. Flushing distance was considerably higher than that documented in other studies and was negatively related to degree of urbanization. We found that a distance of 650 m prevented 95% of nest‐attending ferruginous hawks from flushing in response to human intruders; thus we recommend establishing a spatial buffer of this distance or greater to minimize adverse effects of human activities on hawks nesting in New Mexico. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Consumer (goal) satisfaction: A means‐ends chain approach
Authors: Orsingher Chiara , Marzocchi Gian Luca , Valentini Sara 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis study investigates the role that service attributes, customer subgoals, and goals play in forming the satisfaction judgment. Drawing on means‐ends chain theory, and on satisfaction research, satisfaction is conceptualized as the result of a process in which customers activate multiple comparative referents. In a pilot study, a paper‐and‐pencil laddering technique was used to collect attributes and goals connected to the satisfaction judgment. These elements were then used as items in a satisfaction survey of 200 customers. A mixture regression model revealed that both attribute‐related dimensions and goal‐related dimensions determine overall satisfaction, albeit not homogeneously among customers. Two customer segments were identified: Socializers, whose satisfaction is driven primarily by the goal of well‐being, and Achievers, whose satisfaction is generated mainly by the goal of efficiency. Two directed graphs describe the satisfaction path of the two groups of customers, illustrating how service attributes are connected to the satisfaction of lower‐order and higher‐order goals. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Laser therapy for twin‐to‐twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS)
Authors: Chalouhi G. E. , Essaoui M. , Stirnemann J. , Quibel T. , Deloison B. , Salomon L. , Ville Y. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractMonochorionic twins are subjected to specific complications which originate in either imbalance or abnormality of the single placenta serving two twins including twin‐to‐twin transfusion syndrome. The diagnosis is well established in overt clinical forms with the association of polyuric polyhydramnios and oliguric oligohydramnios. The best treatment of cases presenting before 26 weeks of gestion is fetoscopic laser ablation of the intertwin anastomoses on the chorionic plate. Although subjected to subtle variations, the core technique follows robust guidelines which could help understanding and acquiring the required skills and experience to perform this procedure. However appropriate and tailored hands‐on training and appropriate perinatal set‐up are critical not only for surgical management but also for the follow‐up and management of related complications. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vb/Ron improvement and current collapse suppression for high power AlGaN/GaN HFETs on Si substrates
Authors: Ikeda Nariaki , Kaya Shusuke , Kokawa Takuya , Kato Sadahiro 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn this paper, GaN‐based HFET devices on 4‐inch Si substrates were fabricated, and the device characteristics were examined. In order to improve a trade‐off between the specific on‐resistance (RonA) and the breakdown voltage (Vb), a combination of a thin uid (Un‐Intentional Doped)‐GaN layer and a thick carbon doped GaN layer as a back‐barrier layer, resulting in an improvement of Vb without degrading on‐state characteristics or current collapse (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Growth and characterization of InAlN layers nearly lattice‐matched to GaN
Authors: Mánuel J. M. , Morales F. M. , Lozano J. G. , García R. , Lim T. , Kirste L. , Aidam R. , Ambacher O. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA set of InxAl1‐xN films lattice‐matched (LM) to GaN/sapphire substrates were grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and studied using X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy with the aim of implementing barrier and channels in high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). Although all InAlN epilayers grow pseudomorphic to GaN, two sublayers with different compositions formed when a direct deposition onto the bare GaN buffer was carried out. On the other hand, heterostructures having single‐layered In∼0.18Al∼0.82N are achieved when a spacer consisting of an AlN interlayer or an AlN/GaN/AlN stack is placed between the InAlN and the buffer. These spacers not only yield a better compositional and structural homogeneity of the InAlN, but also improve electrical properties with respect to HEMT applications. Compared to one single AlN interlayer, the use of a triple AlN/GaN/AlN multilayer further improves the structural quality of the InAlN film (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Spectral features in different sized InGaN/GaN micropyramids
Authors: Wächter Clemens , Meyer Alexander , Metzner Sebastian , Jetter Michael , Bertram Frank , Christen Jürgen , Michler Peter 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPyramidal GaN structures were deposited by selective metal‐organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) to create semipolar facets. On top of these pyramids InGaN was deposited as active region. We have studied the emission properties of these pyramids using low‐temperature time‐resolved photoluminescence (PL) and cathodoluminescence (CL) spectroscopy.The observed PL spectra revealed that changing the size of the pyramids and the Indium supply leads to variations in the emission wavelength of the ensemble. Spatially resolved cathodoluminescence (CL) experiments were performed to analyze locally the emission properties all over the pyramidal structures. We have found that the Indium accumulates at the edges and the apex of the pyramids for small pyramids and high Indium flows. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Study of carrier dynamics and radiative efficiency in InGaN/GaN LEDs with Monte Carlo method
Authors: Lu I‐Lin , Wu Yuh‐Renn , Singh Jasprit 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn this paper, we have applied the Monte Carlo method to study carrier dynamics in InGaN quantum well. Vertical and lateral transport and its impact on device radiative efficiency is studied for different In compositions, dislocation densities, temperatures, and carrier densities. Our results show that the non‐radiative recombination caused by the defect trapping plays a dominating role for higher indium composition and this limits the internal quantum efficiency (IQE). For lower indium composition cases, carrier leakage plays some role in the mid to high injection conditions and carrier leakage is strong in very high carrier density in all cases. Our results suggest that reducing the trap density and QCSE are still the key factors to improve the IQE. The paper examines the relative roles of leakage and non‐radiative processes on IQE. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
In‐situ deposited SiNx nanomask for crystal quality improvement in AlGaN
Authors: Forghani Kamran , Gharavipour Mohammadreza , Klein Martin , Scholz Ferdinand , Klein Oliver , Kaiser Ute , Feneberg Martin , Neuschl Benjamin , Thonke Klaus 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe report the growth of high crystal quality Al0.3Ga0.7N directly on sapphire substrates with metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy. We studied the improvements in crystal quality by introducing an in‐situ deposited SiNx interlayer. It acts as a nanomask which results in termination of the dislocations near the interface between the nanomask and epilayer. The epilayers with no SiNx interlayer have very low density of screw type dislocations evident from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations confirmed by a very narrow X‐ray diffraction symmetric reflection (60”). This is a result of our oxygen doped AlN nucleation layer used to grow such epilayers. On the other hand, such epilayers have very broad XRD asymmetric reflections (typically a few thousand arcsec) indicating a high density of edge type dislocations. We could decrease the latter which are the main existing dislocations in our AlGaN epilayers. In TEM micrographs, we observed the formation of dislocation “bundles” when introducing SiNx interlayers. This phenomenon promotes the dislocation free areas on the surface of the wafer. We carried out accurate optimizations of the SiNx deposition. Consequently, we could grow high quality Al0.3Ga0.7N epilayers with much narrower XRD asymmetric peaks–782” with total sample thickness of 1.4 µm (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)