bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Graph Reduction Techniques for Instance Selection: Comparative and Empirical Study
Authors: Rustamov Zahiriddin , Zaki Nazar , Rustamov Jaloliddin , Zaitouny Ayham , Damseh Rafat 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: The surge in data generation has led to a paradigm shift towards big data, where the belief that “more data equals better performance” is challenged by limitations in processing capabilities and time. In this evolving landscape of machine learning and artificial intelligence, instance selection (IS) has become a crucial technique for data reduction that does not compromise the quality of machine learning models. Traditional IS methods, while efficient, often struggle with the complexity and size of large datasets encountered in data mining.
Objective: This study aims to review and evaluate graph reduction techniques, grounded in graph theory, as a novel approach for instance selection. The objective is to leverage the inherent structures of data represented as graphs to enhance the effectiveness of instance selection.
Methods: We conducted a comprehensive evaluation of 35 graph reduction techniques across 29 diverse classification datasets. These techniques were assessed based on various metrics, including accuracy, F1 score, reduction rate, and computational times. The study spans a wide array of techniques and compares their performance to provide a thorough understanding of their suitability for different data sizes and types.
Results: The evaluation revealed significant potential in graph reduction methods, particularly in maintaining data integrity while achieving substantial reductions. The performance metrics indicate that these techniques can be highly effective, offering substantial improvements in various aspects of instance selection.
Conclusion: This research contributes to the theoretical framework of graph-based instance selection and provides practical guidelines for applying these techniques in real-world scenarios. Our findings suggest that graph reduction methods are promising for preserving data quality and enhancing the efficiency of data processing in large and complex datasets.
From Fear to Love: Dissecting Political Trust in China
Authors: Su Yu-Sung , Liu Yu , Zhu Meng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The remarkably high level of political trust observed in Chinese surveys has ignited enduring debates regarding whether fear has inflated these numbers. The opposing sides share one assumption: fear and trust are inherently contradictory. Our study proposes an alternative view. Grounded in cognitive dissonance theory, which holds that induced compliance can lead to sincere attitude change, we argue that fear has in fact increased political trust in China. We take Xi's sweeping anti-corruption campaign as a quasi-natural experiment to test this theory. Using 2002-2021 survey data and employing a Difference-in-Differences model, we take the campaign as treatment and regime insiders as the treated group, finding that political trust among regime insiders increased faster than among outsiders during the campaign. This finding withstands various robustness checks. Our study not only addresses the fear-love conundrum in China studies but also uncovers a general mechanism of legitimacy production in deeply authoritarian states.
Engineered 3D Immuno-Glial-Neurovascular Human miBrain Model
Authors: Tsai Li-Huei , Stanton Alice , Bubnys Adele , Agbas Emre , James Benjamin , Park Dong , Jiang Alan , Pinals Rebecca , Liu Liwang , Truong Nhat , Loon Anjanet , Staab Colin , Cerit Oyku , Wen Hsin-Lan , Kellis Manolis , Blanchard Joel , Langer Robert 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Patient-specific, human-based cellular models integrating a biomimetic blood-brain barrier (BBB), immune, and myelinated neuron components are critically needed to enable accelerated, translationally relevant discovery of neurological disease mechanisms and interventions. By engineering a novel brain-mimicking 3D hydrogel and co-culturing all six major brain cell types derived from patient iPSCs, we have constructed, characterized, and utilized a multicellular integrated brain (miBrain) immuno-glial-neurovascular model with in vivo-like hallmarks inclusive of neuronal activity, functional connectivity, barrier function, myelin-producing oligodendrocyte engagement with neurons, multicellular interactions, and transcriptomic profiles. We implemented the model to study Alzheimer’s Disease pathologies associated with APOE4 genetic risk. APOE4 miBrains differentially exhibit amyloid aggregation, tau phosphorylation, and astrocytic GFAP. Unlike the co-emergent fate specification of glia and neurons in organoids, miBrains integrate independently differentiated cell types, a feature we harnessed to identify that APOE4 in astrocytes promotes neuronal tau pathogenesis and dysregulation through crosstalk with microglia.
Recognizing Mitral Regurgitation Through Machine Learning Algorithms in Cardiac Imaging
Authors: Singh Vijay , Anwar Saeed , Vavekanand Raja 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a serious heart valve disease that can have devastating consequences if left untreated. Traditional diagnostic methods are expensive and labor-intensive, requiring specialized clinical expertise, creating barriers to effective MR screening. To address these challenges, a novel semi-supervised model called CUSSP is proposed. CUSSP is designed to process cardiac imaging slices from the 4-chamber view of the heart, utilizing standard computer vision techniques and contrastive models to learn from large amounts of unlabeled data. This approach enables the model to leverage vast amounts of available imaging data, even when labeled data is scarce. CUSSP creates the first automated MR classification system, revolutionizing the diagnosis and treatment of this critical heart condition. The significance of CUSSP lies in its ability to overcome the limitations of traditional diagnostic methods. By automating the process, healthcare professionals can focus on high-value tasks while ensuring accurate and timely diagnoses. The performance of CUSSP is impressive, achieving an F1 score of 0.69 and a ROC-AUC score of 0.88 on a test set of 179 labeled sequences, comprising 154 non-MR and 25 MR cases. The model is trained using a semi-supervised approach, combining the strengths of both supervised and unsupervised learning. By incorporating specialized classifiers, CUSSP achieves high accuracy and robustness, even in the presence of limited labeled data. CUSSP represents a significant breakthrough in MR diagnosis, offering a novel semi-supervised approach to automated classification. By leveraging computer vision techniques, contrastive models, and specialized classifiers, CUSSP achieves high accuracy and robustness, establishing a new benchmark for MR diagnosis.
Prolonged administration of oral phenylbutazone and firocoxib in horses has no impact on selected cytokine and growth factor concentrations in platelet-rich plasma and autologous protein solution
Authors: Brown Kara A. , Gregorio Elizabeth N. , Barot Dhvani , Usimaki Alexandra , Linardi Renata L. , Missanelli Jaclyn R. , You Youwen , Robinson Mary A. , Ortved Kyla F. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To determine the effects of prolonged administration of the oral NSAIDs phenylbutazone and firocoxib on concentrations of cytokines and growth factors in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and autologous protein solution (APS).

ANIMALS
6 adult University owned horses.

METHODS
Horses were randomized to receive phenylbutazone (1 g, orally, q 12 h) or firocoxib (57 mg, orally, q 24 h) for 6 days. Blood was obtained and processed for APS (Pro-Stride) and PRP (Restigen) before the administration of NSAIDs and at 7 days (1 day following cessation of NSAIDs). Horses underwent a two-week washout period, during which blood was obtained at 14 days and 21 days. The protocol was repeated with a crossover design. PRP and APS were analyzed for concentrations of platelets, leukocytes, and several cytokines (IL-1β, IL-10, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α) and growth factors (PDGF, FGF-2, and TGF-β1) using immunoassays. Plasma was evaluated for drug concentrations.

RESULTS
No significant differences existed in concentrations of growth factors and cytokines before or after prolonged administration of NSAIDs. There were significant differences in concentrations of leukocytes and platelets in PRP compared to APS, with higher concentrations of leukocytes at the day 7 time point (T) in APS (phenylbutazone) and in concentrations of platelets in APS at T0 (firocoxib) and in APS at T7 (phenylbutazone).

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Veterinarians can recommend the administration of these oral NSAIDs prior to obtaining blood for PRP and APS provided a single-day washout period is instituted.
ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ СЕКСУАЛЬНОГО ВИХОВАННЯ ПІДЛІТКІВ З ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНИМИ ПОРУШЕННЯМИ В УМОВАХ СІМ’Ї
Authors: Валько Тетяна 
Published: June 2024

У статті представлено результати дослідження поглядів батьків підлітків з інтелектуальними порушеннями на проблему сексуального виховання останніх в умовах сім’ї. Охарактеризовано психологічні аспекти особливостей його реалізації, зокрема: розкрито ставлення респондентів до цієї проблеми та перспективи введення окремого курсу для здійснення сексуального виховання підростаючого покоління в умовах закладу спеціальної/інклюзивної освіти, визначено рівень готовності батьків підлітків з інтелектуальними порушеннями спілкуватись з власними дітьми на теми сексуальності, описано виховний потенціал родин. Встановлено, що незважаючи на позитивне ставлення та розуміння значення здійснення сексуального виховання у частини респондентів, у більшості опитаних батьків підлітків з інтелектуальними порушеннями бракує знань та досвіду реалізації цього напряму виховної роботи в межах власної сім’ї.
Unraveling the association between oral impacts on daily performances and dental caries among adults in a South Indian Metropolis
Authors: Babu Priya , N Amritha , Ingale Prasad Chandrakant 
Published: June 2024

Objectives:
Conventionally, oral health outcomes have been assessed using clinical criteria and the subjective opinions of clinicians. However, these methods have failed to capture the true impact of oral diseases on an individual’s overall quality of life (QoL). Specifically, dental caries and tooth loss have been identified as factors that can significantly affect an individual’s oral health-related QoL (OHRQoL). Taking this into consideration, a recent study was conducted to investigate the association between oral impacts on daily performance (OIDP) scores and the oral health status of adults aged 25 years and older residing in Bengaluru South.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 800 adults aged 25 years and older in Bengaluru, South city. Clinical examination was performed using the decayed, missing-filled teeth (DMFT) index. OHRQoL was assessed using the OIDP questionnaire. For statistical analysis, the Chi-square test, Mann– Whitney U-test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Spearman’s correlation were applied.

Results:
70.4% of the study participants had at least one oral impact affecting their daily performances. Out of eight daily performances, the most affected performance was eating, followed by emotional stability and carrying out major work. DMFT was significantly associated with OIDP.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of OIDPs in this population is high. Oral impacts had affected their QoL primarily through difficulties in eating. Appropriate program implementation is required for the upliftment of such deprived populations.
Development of a structured validated module to inculcate research skills in medical undergraduates
Authors: SIDHU TANVIR KAUR , MAHAJAN RAJIV , KAUR DALJIT , BHANDARI BHARTI 
Published: June 2024

Background
Evidence-based research aids in decision-making in the health sector for developing health policies for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Medical research is not taught in the undergraduate curriculum. Studies show that attributes of research knowledge, awareness and practical involvement in research are low among undergraduate students. We developed and validated a module and trained undergraduate students in research skills through an inter-ventional workshop using the structured module.

Methods
We did this participatory action research with a mixed-methods approach in the Department of Community Medicine at Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda, Punjab. A structured module was developed by the core committee and validated internally and externally. Pilot testing of the module was done by delivering it in the form of a workshop to 46 students. For statistical analysis, percentage agreements, validity indices, median (interquartile range), satisfaction percentages and Wilcoxon sign test were used.

Results
The structured and validated module was established to have high face validity (>90%) and content validity (CVI=0.975). The module was successfully pilot tested for delivery through both onsite and online modes. The satisfaction percentage with the workshop was 91% and 100% and overall rating of the module was 74% and 91% by interns and MBBS students, and 100% by faculty. The scores of knowledge and skills were found to be significantly higher on all variables post workshop with p<0.001. All students scored satisfactory grades for research skills.

Conclusions
Teaching research using a structured validated module improved the knowledge and skills related to research among students. Both students and faculty were satisfied with the use of the structured module.
Tanggap Morfofisioligi Beberapa Varietas Kedelai di Lahan Pasang Surut Tipe C
Authors: Rinata Rena , Nurjani Nurjani , Santoso Edy 
Published: June 2024

This research aims to look for the best morphophysiology response of soybean varieties in the tidal land type C. Research activities conducted in Kalimas Village Subdistrict Sungai Kakap, Kuburaya District from November 12th 2017 to February 10th 2018. Methode used is Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 6 factors, there were A: Burangrang varieties, B: Anjasmoro varieties, C: Argomulyo varieties, D: Dena 1 varieties, E: Gema varieties and F: Dering 1 varieties. Each factor replicated four times, so there were 24 experimental units. Variables measured were plant height, root volume, number of effective root nodules, dry weight of plants, number of chlorophyll, flowering age, harvest age, number of productive branches, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, dry weight of 100 seed, dry weight of seed per plot. The result showed that morphophysiology response of some soybean varieties in the tidal land type C indicates a difference on number of effective root nodules, number of chlorophyll, flowering age , harvest age, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, dry weight of 100 seed and dry weight of seed per plot.
DIGITAL FINANCIAL SERVICES AND THE PERFORMANCE OF THE QUOTED COMMERCIAL BANKS IN NIGERIA
Authors: Kolawole Ololade , Muritala Taiwo Adewale , Akande Joseph Olorunfemi , Adekunle Ahmed Oluwatobi 
Published: June 2024

Objective: The study aims to examine the causal relationship as well as short-term and long-term dynamic effects between digital financial service components and on the performance of the quoted commercial banks.

Method: The study employs a cross-sectional descriptive survey research with ex-post facto research. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze responses and opinions, while inferential statistics including the dynamic Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (PARDL) approach, Panel Granger Causality Test.

Results: The Granger Causality analysis reveals that Agency banking exhibits a strong causal link to ROA (p=0.003<0.05), emphasizing its predictive power for ROA variations. Also, ATM banking has a weaker influence on ROA (p=0.08>0.05), while internet banking (p=0.049<0.05) and mobile banking (p=0.0001<0.05) both impact ROA significantly. The long-term analysis using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model indicates that agency banking (β=0.128, p < 0.05), ATM banking (β=0.566, p < 0.05), internet banking (β=0.514, p < 0.05), and POS activities (β=0.118, p < 0.05) all have positive impacts on ROA. In the short term, these variables also show positive coefficients, suggesting immediate effects on ROA. Error correction (ECTt−1) has a negative coefficient (β=-0.06, p < 0.05), indicating its role in short-run adjustments to deviations from long-run equilibrium. Overall, agency banking, ATM banking, internet banking, and POS activities are crucial drivers with strong statistical significance, while mobile banking has limited influence on ROA. Based on these findings.

Conclusion: The study recommends that financial institutions should strategically prioritize agency banking services and enhance internet banking services to positively impact ROA. Resource allocation for ATM banking should be reevaluated, and POS-related strategies may not be a priority for improving ROA. Additionally, financial institutions should adopt a long-term perspective when planning and implementing these services, and invest in enhancing their digital financial services to boost customer satisfaction, fostering loyalty and retention.
Optimisation of a heterogeneous reservoir permeability model by means of dynamic data inversion on the basis of streamline simulation
Authors: Vargas José Arnobio , Idrobo Eduardo Alejandro 
Published: June 2024

The main objective of oilfield characterization is to establish the oilfield’s model through the integration of all usable information. The traditional scope includes the modeling based primarily on static information, having as a final stage of the process, the validation of the model with the dynamic information available. The term validation involves a procedure that only tries to guarantee that the productive zones being modeled feature adequate oilfields properties. The new trends in oilfield characterization show that the dynamic information available should be integrated to the oilfield’s model. This process is not trivia, since it includes an optimization process framed by a continuous process of light simulation. In this paper, a semi-analytical solution is proposed, as a product of the combination of geostatistical techniques with streamline simulation algorithms and of dynamic inversion of data for the optimization of the permeability model for heterogeneous oilfields, while verifying the effectiveness of the dynamic inversion scheme in two phases: adjustments to irruption times, followed by adjustments to the amplitude of the water cuts. The methodology proposed was successfully applied to synthetic models and to a field case. The synthetic models were used to validate the efficiency of the procedure on classical methods of oilfield characterization. The field case corresponds to a highly heterogeneous oilfield: the A2 sands of block VII of the Casabe field. This example includes 22 productive wells and 19 injecting wells in an oilfield of fluvial origin, made up of stratigraphically complex geometries, such as cross-stratification, preferential flow channels, and lateral changes to facies and thicknesses, among others. The most important conclusion from this paper is that the regular injection patterns, of five pre-established points, are not efficient enough to optimize the secondary recovery process; therefore, suggestion is made to establish irregular models based on the trajectory of the flow lines.
A numerical model using the finite element method for the simulation of one phase flow in two dimensions
Authors: PRADA A. , DEMIREL V. , GARCÉS F. , SARMIENTO L. F. , PIEDRAHITA C. 
Published: June 2024

A Finite Element Model (FEM) is presented to simulate flow of a single phase fluid through a porous media in 2-dimensions. This model is the initial phase of a research proiect that builds on the development of a general reservoir simulator for three phase flow. The numerical model can be applied lo heterogeneous fields with constant thickness but complex irregular geometry. No restrictions are imposed in the number of wells in the field. Governing equations and the boundary conditions are specified, followed by a description of the FEM formulation. Analytical solutions are used to verify the predictions of the model in a circular reservoir. lt is also applied in the preliminary simulation of a sector in the Orito oil field (Ecopetrol) located in the Putumayo_Department (Southern Colombia).
A Novel Proposal for an Adapted Vehicle for Informal Waste Pickers in Ambato – Ecuador
Authors: Goyes Balladares Andrea Cristina , Pardo Jara Ingrid Dennise , Moya Jiménez Roberto Carlos 
Published: June 2024

Solid waste management represents a challenge for contemporary cities because it involves various levels of management and processing. At the base of the recycling pyramid, the crucial role of informal recyclers stands out, whose work improves the environmental conditions of cities. Despite its valuable contribution, informality has marked this profession, with deplorable working conditions at a social and economic level and low occupational safety. Recyclers roam the city in search of as much recyclable material as possible, so they can later sell it and continue the chain. However, the operational process of the recyclers is striking due to the inadequate conditions, in terms of personal protection and mobilization. Traditionally, they move with a cart, a product intended for transporting heavy loads over short distances. However, it is used by waste pickers to travel long distances during the daily working day. Through the methodology of early and continuous validation for product design, a vehicle adapted for the work of informal recyclers in the city of Ambato is proposed. It shows a valuable vision of addressing management in an inclusive, effective way for the city, with adequate working conditions at the operational level for waste pickers.
EFFECTIVINESS OF USING E-FILLING AND TAXPAYER’S COMPLIANCE LEVEL IN REPORTING SPT AT THE SELONG TAX SERVICES, EXTENTION AND CONSULTATION OFFICE (KP2KP SELONG), DURING 2011-2020
Authors: Alwi Muhammad 
Published: June 2024

The aim of the study was to analize of the effectiveness of using e-filling and the level of tax payer’s compliance in reporting SPT before and after using e-filling at The Selong Tax Services, Extention and Consultattion office (KP2KP Selong) during 2011-2020. The data is secondary data such as the number of registered tax payers, the number of tax payer reporting and not reporting SPT during 2011-2020.
Based on data anlayses it is known that both before and after using e-filling in reporting SPT has not cange significantly, and is still classified as very law. The average SPT reporting during 2011-2017, before using e-filling, was 37% (very law catagory), and after using e-filling, 2018-2020, is 38,20% (still very law catagory). So using e-filiing is not efektive yet. The Compliance of tax payer, in term of percentage of reporting SPT, even thoug there was increase in SPT reporting of 1.20%, after using e-filling, is very law catagory. The law level compliance of the taxpayer in reporting of SPT due to lack of awareness and lack understanding of modern tax system.There needs to be continuity of conselling or dissamination of the modern tax system and use of e-filling to taxpayer.