bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The fear of smartphone notifications and calls among medical students: The phone ring phobia syndrome or telephobia
Authors: Bairwa Yog P. , Udayaraj Arun , Manna Souvik 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Telephobia is a kind of anxiety disorder in which the individual is afraid of either answering or making telephone calls. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of telephobia among medical students and to determine the association of socio-demographic and other factors with this disorder.

Methods:
A total of 320 undergraduate medical students were enrolled at a tertiary medical college in Western India, of which 300 (93.75%) responded to the survey. A stratified sampling strategy with the proportional allocation method was used in which 40 males and 20 females were selected from each year of students, spanning 5 years. A specially designed semi-structured questionnaire was used for the study, consisting of demographic data, purpose of using the internet, gadget used, and a 10-item telephobia questionnaire modified from the Severity Measure for Agoraphobia—Adult (SMA-A) Questionnaire to measure student’s avoidance of telephone calling and receiving.

Results:
The mean age of the study participants was 21.91 (±1.84) years, and most of the students were urban residents (184, 61.3%). The prevalence of mild, moderate, and severe telephobia was 33.0%, 7.67%, and 1.33%, respectively, giving an overall prevalence of 42%. Univariate analysis revealed that male gender (χ2 = 9.822, df = 3, p = 0.0201), higher duration of internet usage (χ2 = 41.15, df = 9, p value < 0.000), and viewing porn (χ2 = 15.94, df = 3, p = 0.0011) had significant association with higher severity of telephobia. Viewing of porn sites was reported by 65 (21.7%) medical students, exclusively among males.

Conclusion:
A prevalence of 9% moderate to severe telephobia among medical students is much alarming, which may aggravate further as the students move from academic to clinical settings. The phenomenon of telephobia needs further exploration, to find its determinants and predictors, especially among vulnerable populations.
Awareness and utilization of mother and child protection (MCP) card among mothers attending immunization OPD: An urban health centre-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Sangam Rohan , Rawat Shalini , Shelke Pallavi , Gokhe Seema S Bansode 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The MCP card is used as a tool for pregnant women, young mothers and family members to learn about various types of services which they should assess and utilize. The study was undertaken to see the awareness about MCP card and its components among beneficiaries in urban slum area.

Methodology:
This is a cross-sectional observational study done in urban slum immunization OPD with a sample size of 226. Convenient sampling method was used to select the samples. Mothers consenting and willing to participate in the study were enrolled.

Results:
Observed that the MCP card was issued to majority participants at the time of baby immunization (44.15%), followed by at time of delivery (31.4%) and least number received it at the time of pregnancy registration (24.34%). It is also observed that only 53.54%(121) women had read the card while the remaining didn’t. Majority thought the primary use of MCP card was vaccination record (91.5%), followed by information tool (52.%). It is observed that knowledge regarding pregnancy care and its related complications leads to better utilization of ANC services.

Conclusion:
As observed in the present study a sizeable proportion of populations doesn’t even read the card, and among those who read it the level of knowledge isn’t satisfactory, many use the card as a vaccination record but still the awareness about various vaccines among the beneficiaries remains low.
Genomic epidemiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 from Theni, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Ramalingam Gopinath , Muthukumar Arundadhi , Sivadoss Raju , Rajan Gopinathan , Aridass Dhanasezhian , Murugesan Amudhan , Subramani Krishnapriya , Ganesan Sucila Thangam 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral infection characterized by respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms. The causative agent of this infection is the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The genomic study helps in understanding the pathogenesis, epidemiology, and the development of therapeutic and preventive strategies in the combat against COVID-19.

Materials and Methods:
Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab samples were collected from asymptomatic and symptomatic patients during the time period of 2021–2022 for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 by employing real-time reverse transcriptase, cDNA synthesis, whole-genome sequencing by next-genome sequencing, analysis of SARS-CoV-2 sequence data and lineage and variant of concern assignment along with phylogenetic analysis.

Results:
Lineages BA.2.10 and BA.4.1.1 clustered with genomes from Senegal suggested the spread of infections. Similarly, high clustering among delta samples during the second wave showed possible importation and subsequent spread via local transmission.

Conclusions:
Studies like these are important to understand the characteristics and origins of locally circulating SARS-CoV-2 diversity in order to prevent further spread.
Knowledge, awareness and attitude towards breast cancer: Risk factors, signs and screening among Health and Allied students: A prospective study
Authors: Aga Syed S. , Yasmeen Nusrath , Al-Mansour Mubarak , Khan Muhammad A. , Nissar Saniya , Khawaji Bader , Awadh Abdullah , Alasmari Moudi M. , Abushouk Amir 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTIntroduction:Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer in Saudi women. Therefore, understanding BC and its related risk factors, symptoms, and screening is critical for early detection and intervention. The current study was meant to explore the knowledge, awareness, and attitude (KAA) gap in BC: risk factors, symptoms, and screening.Material and Methods:This cross-sectional investigation was carried out with Health Professions Students (HPS) using a predesigned and validated study questionnaire to examine HPS knowledge and attitudes concerning BC and associated risk factors, symptoms, and screening.Results:A total of 277 female students responded to the survey. The frequency of correct answers for the BC knowledge questions varied from the lowest of 27.8% to the highest of 88.8%, with only 5 out of 15 questions (33.3%) answered correctly by more than 60% of the participants, displaying poor knowledge and awareness of BC. A majority (>60%) of the participants identified only 7 of the 18 risk factors of BC correctly, whereas 11 of the 13 early warning signs of BC were identified correctly by the majority (>60%) of the participants. Among the participants, only 26.4% were aware of the breast cancer screening center, but 94.6% of them agreed that early detection of breast cancer is important and 82.7% agreed to participate in the screening program if offered.Conclusion:Participants’ knowledge and awareness of BC were found to be relatively low; however, their attitudes towards BC screening were positive. As a result, it is critical to develop effective education programs, curricular activities, and awareness campaigns to address the lack of awareness of BC and to have an appropriate response to screening to reduce disease burden.
Prevalence and determinants of low back pain among residents in Abha City, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Asiri Yazeed A. I. , Mogbel Mohammed M. , Alshahrani Mastoor A. , Alqahtani Yahya M. , AlQarni Hassan Z. , Asiri Hassan S. A. , Asiri Yasser A. A. , Raffaa Hatim S. , Raffaa Hazim S. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Healthcare work is a major risk for having musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), including low back pain (LBP). This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of LBP and define its associated risk factors among resident physicians.

Material and Methods:
A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among all resident physicians of all specialties in Abha city during the period from July 2020 to September 2020. Data were collected using an online pre-structured data collection tool. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) (back pain section) was applied to assess the effect of LBP on the residents’ ability to perform job duties effectively.

Results:
A total of 312 resident physicians responded. Their age ranged between 25 and 41 years. Males represented 57.7% of them. The prevalence of LBP was 64.7%. The most common reported aggravating factors for LBP were working in uncomfortable posture (73.3%), standing for long periods (64.4%), and long sitting sessions (51.5%). Regarding the pain-relieving factors, sleeping ranked first (60.4%), followed by taking analgesics (48.5%) and maintaining a good posture (35.6%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that obese subjects were at higher risk than underweight subjects to develop LBP (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) =6.18, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.26–30.34, P = 0.025). Compared to resident physicians without family history of back pain, those with such history were at almost 4-fold higher risk of developing LBP (AOR = 3.90, 95% CI: 2.33-6.52, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
LBP is a very prevalent problem among resident physicians, particularly obese subjects and those with family history of back pain. LBP adversely impacts the work performance of the affected physicians.
A study on the price variability of branded medicines and Jan aushadi versions of selected commonly prescribed psychiatric medications in India using a cost-comparative approach and a passive evaluation of the Jan aushadhi scheme in India
Authors: Vasisht Pranav V. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The cost of medications poses a significant financial burden on patients. It limits access and adherence to treatment. Psychiatric disease burden is rising and it needs treatment for long durations. The high cost of branded medicines and lack of access to medicines at affordable prices can limit adherence.

Methodology:
A cost comparison study was done to investigate the price difference between branded and Jan aushadhi versions of 20 selected psychiatric drugs was done at the Department of Community Medicine of a Government medical college in Southern India. The average (mean) price of branded medicines of each drug was calculated with minimum, and maximum using online data, and comparison was done by calculating the percentage price difference between branded and Jan aushadhi medicines. The overall percentage price difference between branded and Jan aushadhi medicines was calculated.

Results:
The overall percentage price difference between the mean price of branded medicine and Jan aushadhi medicine was + 252% for antipsychotics, indicating that the mean branded price was 252% (2.52 times) Jan aushadhi price. Similarly, the overall percentage price difference between the mean branded price and Jan aushadhi price among antidepressants was +277.54%, and the overall percentage price difference between mean branded price and Jan aushadhi was +227.73% for anticonvulsants. Similarly, price differences of maximum and minimum branded prices and Jan aushadhi were high.

Conclusion:
The study was able to estimate variation in the price of branded drugs and compare the price of branded medicines with Jan aushadhi by estimating price differences. The results of the study are useful in further reference regarding the subject for public, policy makers and healthcare providers. It gives valuable evidence into medication costs in India.
Effect of quality and quantity of diet on nutritional status of under-five children residing in the rural area: A longitudinal study
Authors: Hiremath Manasa Mahalingayya , Walvekar Padmaja Ravindra , Baliga Sulakshana Shridhar 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Variety and adequacy of intake of food are required to meet the nutritional needs of the children. Due to poverty/illiteracy, poor families depend on a single food group that is, cereals. Due to the pandemic also, the nutrition of the growing children is affected.

Objective:
To know the effect of quantity and quality of diet on the nutritional status of under-five children.

Methodology:
This study had 270 children aged between 1 and 4 years registered at Anganwadi as study participants. Information on sociodemographic variables, quantity of calories and proteins consumed, quality of diet, and anthropometry of children was collected. Percentages and paired t-tests were used to find the difference between nutritional status and diet at different intervals, which was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Results:
In our study, we found that as the quantity and quality of diet improved nutritional status, especially weight for age, body mass index (BMI) for age Z score also improved. There was a significant difference between calories consumed at the baseline, 6 months and 1 year with P < 0.05. Protein intake was significant between baseline and six months with P < 0.005.

Conclusion:
Our study found a high percentage of undernutrition and wasting in the under-five population when diet was not sufficient in quality and quantity. As the quality and quantity of diet improved nutritional status also improved.
Atopy and allergic diseases among college students at a Saudi Public University
Authors: Bin Abdulrahman Khalid A. , Alqasem Abdulmlk A. , Alsayyari Abdulrahman M. , Bintalib Saud S. , Khatlah Abdullah N. B. , Alshehri Mohammed F. , Alasbali Nawaf M. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Despite its significant prevalence worldwide, atopy and allergic diseases continue to need more studies, with a need for published articles describing the prevalence of atopy and allergic diseases in Saudi society. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of atopic dermatitis diseases among college students at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University.

Methods:
The Cross-sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia among college students at Imam Mohammed bin Saud Islamic University in Riyadh based on self-report Asthma and Allergies questionnaires (ISSAC questionnaire, atopic dermatitis part).

Results:
Seven hundred ninety-seven (797) students from 11 colleges participated in the study. About half (47.6%) aged between 21 and 24, and 73.7% were females. More than one-third (34.8%) had atopic dermatitis during the last six months, while 30.7% of the participants reported having itchy rash in the past 12 months, and 33.8% were diagnosed with eczema in any life interval. Age is not one of the significant factors affecting the prevalence of atopic dermatitis. However, the prevalence of atopic dermatitis slightly increases with age (P = 0.062). Atopic dermatitis was significantly higher among female students (39.7%) than 21.0% among male students (P = 0.000). College level nor GPA had no significant impact on the prevalence of atopic dermatitis (P = 0.238 and 0.884, respectively).

Conclusion:
Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University students have a high prevalence of atopic dermatitis, which may indicate a higher prevalence of allergens. Females and older participants were more liable to reported atopic dermatitis.
Prevalence of HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C infections among patients with thalassemia attending a tertiary care (rural) hospital
Authors: Mandal Tapan Kr. , Sarkar Sumantra , Haldar Piyali , Mondal Subhasis , Chatterjee Shiv S. , Paul Pramathadhip , Ray Raja , Ghosh Reena R. , Saha Santanu , Dan Utpal 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The Sunderban area of West Bengal is home to tribal and religious minorities inhabiting various islands. There is a high prevalence of thalassemia among poverty-stricken residents of this region living with meagre health care facilities. This work was planned to determine the proportion of four viral transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs): HIV-1, HIV-2, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among thalassemia patients attending the sole rural medical college in the region.

Materials and Methods:
Thalassemia patients (n = 359, age ranging from 1 year to 60 years) attending the thalassemia clinic or being admitted to the indoor facilities for better management were included in the study. Only patients diagnosed with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and with classical clinical features were included in the study. Blood samples of these patients were tested for HIV as per NACO protocol. For HBV and HCV, samples were first tested serologically; reactive samples were collected and sent in the cold chain to a higher centre for nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) for qualitative and quantitative estimation. Clinical and laboratory data was collected, patients were followed up for complications and hospitalisation during the study period, and statistical analysis was performed.

Results:
Majority of our patients had E-beta-thalassemia (245, 59.81%), followed by beta-thalassemia major (102, 28.30%). NAAT-confirmed HCV infection (14.21%) infection was the most common, followed by HBV (2.51%), and lastly by HIV-1 (0.58%) infection. Among infected thalassemia patients, the mean HCV RNA was 741063 ± 438514.67 IU/ml while the mean HBV DNA level was 4082863 ± 7298514 IU/ml. Co-infections of HIV-1 and HCV and that of HBV and HCV were noted in one patient each (0.28%). HCV-related liver disease (14.21%) and growth retardation (10.31%) were the most typical complication noted, and death occurred in five patients (1.39%) during the study period.

Conclusion:
Primary care physicians should know HCV infection is the most common TTI among thalassemia patients in rural eastern India.
A public health view and comparison between online and on-campus learning to evaluate sleep and mental health among undergraduate students
Authors: Khan Wahaj , Badri Hatim Matooq , Mohmed Khalil , Nabag Mohand Gafar , Bakri Mohammed , Salih Al-Fadil , Elamin Mohamed Osman , Ekram Rakan , Natto Hatim A. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic changed people’s lives. The majority had to adapt to working online including students. The shift to online learning caused serious sleep and mental health issues among students. This study aimed to examine the variations between the prevalence of sleep and mental health problems among undergraduate students during the periods of online learning and on-campus learning.

Method:
An online survey was distributed to medical students in Saudi Arabia.

Results:
A total of 110 participated in the study (age = 21 ± 1.4 years). The on-campus anxiety (8.2 ± 6.3) was significantly higher than online anxiety (5.5 ± 5.1). On-campus daytime sleepiness (8.5 ± 4) was significantly higher when compared to online daytime sleepiness (6.7 ± 4.6). Although not significant, the on-campus stress (7.7 ± 5.7) and insomnia (12 ± 7.3) were higher than online stress (6.9 ± 5.5) and insomnia (11.5 ± 6). The online depression (6.6 ± 5.7) was higher than the mean on-campus depression (5.8 ± 5.4). A significant strong positive correlation was found between on-campus anxiety and on-campus stress. A significant moderate positive correlation was detected between on-campus anxiety and on-campus daytime sleepiness. A weak but significant correlation was found between on-campus anxiety and on-campus insomnia. On-campus anxiety was significantly predicted by the following model, which included on-campus stress, insomnia, and daytime sleepiness (P < .001).

Conclusion:
Medical students reported lower anxiety, daytime sleepiness, stress, and insomnia during their online learning compared to on-campus learning. Only depression was higher during online learning compared to on-campus learning.
Prevalence of hypertension, screening, awareness, and associated risk factors in teaching institution of Etawah District, Uttar Pradesh: A cross-section study
Authors: Prajapati Ajay Kumar , Jain Seema , Kumar Sanjeev , Bano Tanveer , Gautam Neelam S. , Singh Ganesh , Ruchi  
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Hypertension is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, affecting over one billion people. It is responsible for roughly half of all heart disease and stroke-related deaths globally. Because hypertension does not cause any symptoms on its own, it is commonly referred to as “the silent killer.”

Objective:
This study aimed to determine (1) the prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors and (2) the level of awareness of hypertension status among study participants.

Material and Methods:
A facility-based cross-sectional analytical study was conducted for 3 months during January–March 2023 at the teaching institution in Etawah District, Uttar Pradesh. It was conducted among 392 study participants who were ≥18 years old. Data were collected through a predesigned, pretested, semi-structured questionnaire, and anthropometric measurement was determined using standard guidelines.

Results:
The overall prevalence of hypertension screening was 69.4% (male: 33.8% and female: 66.2%), respectively. The majority of hypertensives were found in female participants. Tobacco and alcohol consumption, obesity, physical inactivity, stress and strain, and an unhealthy diet were also associated with hypertension. Among 392 study participants, only 67 (24.6%) were aware of their hypertension status.

Conclusion:
We conclude that hypertension has been described as an “Iceberg disease” as those who suffer are usually unaware and hence usually seek healthcare services at a very late stage. Preventive measures should be needed to improve hypertension screening, awareness, treatment, and control.
A study to assess the nutritional status and dietary gap among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Raipur city
Authors: Sinha Ashish Kumar , Debata Ipsita , Pradhan Purna Chandra , Panda Prem S. , Behera Basanta K. , Mukhopadhyay Amrita 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Undernutrition raises the likelihood of progressing from tuberculosis (TB) infection to active TB illness and causes weight loss. Proper food and nutrition are important in the treatment of tuberculosis patients. Active tuberculosis necessitates a substantial energy expenditure. The Tuberculosis treatment guidelines neglect the nutritional supplementation part of Tuberculosis management. The study aims to determine the factors affecting the nutritional status of pulmonary Tuberculosis patients.

Material and Methods:
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2021 to January 2022 among the patients newly diagnosed and above 18 years of age coming to DOTS Centre (DMC) of Pt J.N.M. Medical College, Raipur. Total 120 subjects were selected by consecutive sampling method. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 24, and P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Result:
Among 120 study subjects, malnourished was 54.16% (BMI <18.50 kg/m2), normal was 35% (BMI 18.50–24.99 kg/m2), overweight was 6.67% (BMI 25–29.99 kg/m2), and obese were 4.17% (BMI 30–34.99 kg/m2). Among 120 study subjects, the maximum number of them (96.3%) had a dietary gap in their diets which was equal in two groups of 1–50% calorie deficit and 51–100% calorie deficit.

Conclusion:
A high proportion of tuberculosis patients were undernourished, and even a very distal factor for undernutrition became proximal for tuberculosis patients. To control tuberculosis and to end the tuberculosis disease, an improvement in the nutritional status of the patient should be our priority. By knowing the importance of nutrition in TB patients, the primary care physicians can decrease the morbidity and mortality in TB patients.