bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Octupole moment driven free charge generation in partially chlorinated subphthalocyanine for planar heterojunction organic photodetectors
Authors: Rana Aniket , Park Song Yi , Labanti Chiara , Fang Feifei , Yun Sungyoung , Dong Yifan , Yang Emily J. , Nodari Davide , Gasparini Nicola , Park Jeong–Il , Shin Jisoo , Minami Daiki , Park Kyung-Bae , Kim Ji-Seon , Durrant James R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this study, high-performance organic photodetectors are presented which utilize a pristine chlorinated subphthalocyanine photoactive layer. Optical and optoelectronic analyses indicate that the device photocurrent is primarily generated through direct charge generation within the chlorinated subphthalocyanine layer, rather than exciton separation at layer interfaces. Molecular modelling suggests that this direct charge generation is facilitated by chlorinated subphthalocyanine high octupole moment (−80 DÅ2), which generates a 200 meV shift in molecular energetics. Increasing the thickness of chlorinated subphthalocyanine leads to faster response time, correlated with a decrease in trap density. Notably, photodetectors with a 50 nm thick chlorinated subphthalocyanine photoactive layer exhibit detectivities approaching 1013 Jones, with a dark current below 10−7 A cm−2 up to −5 V. Based on these findings, we conclude that high octupole moment molecular semiconductors are promising materials for high-performance organic photodetectors employing single-component photoactive layer.
Histone serotonylation in dorsal raphe nucleus contributes to stress- and antidepressant-mediated gene expression and behavior
Authors: Al-Kachak Amni , Di Salvo Giuseppina , Fulton Sasha L. , Chan Jennifer C , Farrelly Lorna A. , Lepack Ashley E. , Bastle Ryan M. , Kong Lingchun , Cathomas Flurin , Newman Emily L. , Menard Caroline , Ramakrishnan Aarthi , Safovich Polina , Lyu Yang , Covington Herbert E. , Shen Li , Gleason Kelly , Tamminga Carol A. , Russo Scott J. , Maze Ian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMood disorders are an enigmatic class of debilitating illnesses that affect millions of individuals worldwide. While chronic stress clearly increases incidence levels of mood disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD), stress-mediated disruptions in brain function that precipitate these illnesses remain largely elusive. Serotonin-associated antidepressants (ADs) remain the first line of therapy for many with depressive symptoms, yet low remission rates and delays between treatment and symptomatic alleviation have prompted skepticism regarding direct roles for serotonin in the precipitation and treatment of affective disorders. Our group recently demonstrated that serotonin epigenetically modifies histone proteins (H3K4me3Q5ser) to regulate transcriptional permissiveness in brain. However, this non-canonical phenomenon has not yet been explored following stress and/or AD exposures. Here, we employed a combination of genome-wide and biochemical analyses in dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) of male and female mice exposed to chronic social defeat stress, as well as in DRN of human MDD patients, to examine the impact of stress exposures/MDD diagnosis on H3K4me3Q5ser dynamics, as well as associations between the mark and depression-related gene expression. We additionally assessed stress-induced/MDD-associated regulation of H3K4me3Q5ser following AD exposures, and employed viral-mediated gene therapy in mice to reduce H3K4me3Q5ser levels in DRN and examine its impact on stress-associated gene expression and behavior. We found that H3K4me3Q5ser plays important roles in stress-mediated transcriptional plasticity. Chronically stressed mice displayed dysregulated H3K4me3Q5ser dynamics in DRN, with both AD- and viral-mediated disruption of these dynamics proving sufficient to attenuate stress-mediated gene expression and behavior. Corresponding patterns of H3K4me3Q5ser regulation were observed in MDD subjects on vs. off ADs at their time of death. These findings thus establish a neurotransmission-independent role for serotonin in stress-/AD-associated transcriptional and behavioral plasticity, observations of which may be of clinical relevance to human MDD and its treatment.
Prostate cancer reshapes the secreted and extracellular vesicle urinary proteomes
Authors: Khoo Amanda , Govindarajan Meinusha , Qiu Zhuyu , Liu Lydia Y. , Ignatchenko Vladimir , Waas Matthew , Macklin Andrew , Keszei Alexander , Neu Sarah , Main Brian P. , Yang Lifang , Lance Raymond S. , Downes Michelle R. , Semmes O. John , Vesprini Danny , Liu Stanley K. , Nyalwidhe Julius O. , Boutros Paul C. , Kislinger Thomas 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUrine is a complex biofluid that reflects both overall physiologic state and the state of the genitourinary tissues through which it passes. It contains both secreted proteins and proteins encapsulated in tissue-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). To understand the population variability and clinical utility of urine, we quantified the secreted and EV proteomes from 190 men, including a subset with prostate cancer. We demonstrate that a simple protocol enriches prostatic proteins in urine. Secreted and EV proteins arise from different subcellular compartments. Urinary EVs are faithful surrogates of tissue proteomes, but secreted proteins in urine or cell line EVs are not. The urinary proteome is longitudinally stable over several years. It can accurately and non-invasively distinguish malignant from benign prostatic lesions and can risk-stratify prostate tumors. This resource quantifies the complexity of the urinary proteome and reveals the synergistic value of secreted and EV proteomes for translational and biomarker studies.
Combining machine learning with high-content imaging to infer ciprofloxacin susceptibility in isolates of Salmonella Typhimurium
Authors: Tran Tuan-Anh , Sridhar Sushmita , Reece Stephen T. , Lunguya Octavie , Jacobs Jan , Van Puyvelde Sandra , Marks Florian , Dougan Gordon , Thomson Nicholas R. , Nguyen Binh T. , Bao Pham The , Baker Stephen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing public health crisis that requires innovative solutions. Current susceptibility testing approaches limit our ability to rapidly distinguish between antimicrobial-susceptible and -resistant organisms. Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is an enteric pathogen responsible for severe gastrointestinal illness and invasive disease. Despite widespread resistance, ciprofloxacin remains a common treatment for Salmonella infections, particularly in lower-resource settings, where the drug is given empirically. Here, we exploit high-content imaging to generate deep phenotyping of S. Typhimurium isolates longitudinally exposed to increasing concentrations of ciprofloxacin. We apply machine learning algorithms to the imaging data and demonstrate that individual isolates display distinct growth and morphological characteristics that cluster by time point and susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, which occur independently of ciprofloxacin exposure. Using a further set of S. Typhimurium clinical isolates, we find that machine learning classifiers can accurately predict ciprofloxacin susceptibility without exposure to it or any prior knowledge of resistance phenotype. These results demonstrate the principle of using high-content imaging with machine learning algorithms to predict drug susceptibility of clinical bacterial isolates. This technique may be an important tool in understanding the morphological impact of antimicrobials on the bacterial cell to identify drugs with new modes of action.
E proteins control the development of NKγδT cells through their invariant T cell receptor
Authors: Mihai Ariana , Lee Sang-Yun , Shinton Susan , Parker Mitchell I. , Contreras Alejandra V. , Zhang Baojun , Rhodes Michele , Dunbrack Roland L. , Zúñiga-Pflücker Juan-Carlos , Ciofani Maria , Zhuang Yuan , Wiest David L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractT cell receptor (TCR) signaling regulates important developmental transitions, partly through induction of the E protein antagonist, Id3. Although normal γδ T cell development depends on Id3, Id3 deficiency produces different phenotypes in distinct γδ T cell subsets. Here, we show that Id3 deficiency impairs development of the Vγ3+ subset, while markedly enhancing development of NKγδT cells expressing the invariant Vγ1Vδ6.3 TCR. These effects result from Id3 regulating both the generation of the Vγ1Vδ6.3 TCR and its capacity to support development. Indeed, the Trav15 segment, which encodes the Vδ6.3 TCR subunit, is directly bound by E proteins that control its expression. Once expressed, the Vγ1Vδ6.3 TCR specifies the innate-like NKγδT cell fate, even in progenitors beyond the normally permissive perinatal window, and this is enhanced by Id3-deficiency. These data indicate that the paradoxical behavior of NKγδT cells in Id3-deficient mice is determined by its stereotypic Vγ1Vδ6.3 TCR complex.
Quantifying the relative importance of genetics and environment on the comorbidity between mental and cardiometabolic disorders using 17 million Scandinavians
Authors: Meijsen Joeri , Hu Kejia , Krebs Morten D. , Athanasiadis Georgios , Washbrook Sarah , Zetterberg Richard , Avelar e Silva Raquel Nogueira , Shorter John R. , Gådin Jesper R. , Bergstedt Jacob , Howard David M. , Ye Weimin , Lu Yi , Valdimarsdóttir Unnur A. , Ingason Andrés , Helenius Dorte , Plana-Ripoll Oleguer , McGrath John J. , Micali Nadia , Andreassen Ole A. , Werge Thomas M. , Fang Fang , Buil Alfonso 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMental disorders are leading causes of disability and premature death worldwide, partly due to high comorbidity with cardiometabolic disorders. Reasons for this comorbidity are still poorly understood. We leverage nation-wide health records and near-complete genealogies of Denmark and Sweden (n = 17 million) to reveal the genetic and environmental contributions underlying the observed comorbidity between six mental disorders and 15 cardiometabolic disorders. Genetic factors contributed about 50% to the comorbidity of schizophrenia, affective disorders, and autism spectrum disorder with cardiometabolic disorders, whereas the comorbidity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and anorexia with cardiometabolic disorders was mainly or fully driven by environmental factors. In this work we provide causal insight to guide clinical and scientific initiatives directed at achieving mechanistic understanding as well as preventing and alleviating the consequences of these disorders.
Recurrent quantum embedding neural network and its application in vulnerability detection
Authors: Song Zhihui , Zhou Xin , Xu Jinchen , Ding Xiaodong , Shan Zheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn recent years, deep learning has been widely used in vulnerability detection with remarkable results. These studies often apply natural language processing (NLP) technologies due to the natural similarity between code and language. Since NLP usually consumes a lot of computing resources, its combination with quantum computing is becoming a valuable research direction. In this paper, we present a Recurrent Quantum Embedding Neural Network (RQENN) for vulnerability detection. It aims to reduce the memory consumption of classical models for vulnerability detection tasks and improve the performance of quantum natural language processing (QNLP) methods. We show that the performance of RQENN achieves the above goals. Compared with the classic model, the space complexity of each stage of its execution is exponentially reduced, and the number of parameters used and the number of bits consumed are significantly reduced. Compared with other QNLP methods, RQENN uses fewer qubit resources and achieves a 15.7% higher accuracy in vulnerability detection.
Mathematical processing of RGB data in microfluidic paper-based analytical devices
Authors: Fiedoruk-Pogrebniak Marta 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMicrofluidic paper-based analytical devices often are combined with scanners as detectors. In this work, different scanning options offered by scanners: resolution, scanning mode, exposure to radiation, colour restoration, and saving format were tested. Moreover, different attempts to mathematical data treatment based on intensities of three channels—Red, Green and Blue, were studied. All measurements presented in this article were conducted for a model dye—bromothymol blue and a model analyte—zinc(II) ion (complexed with xylenol orange in a paper matrix). The article summarizes the scanning options and possibilities of mathematical calculations. Nevertheless, it is suggested that the best option is to use the prior prepared calculation file to paste obtained intensities and compare all presented in this article (and the most frequently used) equations to process intensities and decide which one should be used in the particular analysis.
Enhancing liver cirrhosis varices and CSPH risk prediction with spleen stiffness measurement using 100-Hz probe
Authors: Yoo Jeong-Ju , Maeng Sun Ah , Chang Young , Lee Sae Hwan , Jeong Soung Won , Jang Jae Young , Cheon Gab Jin , Kim Young Seok , Kim Hong Soo , Kim Sang Gyune 
Published: June 2024

AbstractManaging complications of liver cirrhosis such as varices needing treatment (VNT) and clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) demands precise and non-invasive diagnostic methods. This study assesses the efficacy of spleen stiffness measurement (SSM) using a 100-Hz probe for predicting VNT and CSPH, aiming to refine diagnostic thresholds. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 257 cirrhotic patients, comparing the diagnostic performance of SSM against traditional criteria, including Baveno VII, for predicting VNT and CSPH. The DeLong test was used for statistical comparisons among predictive models. The success rate of SSM@100 Hz was 94.60%, and factors related to SSM failure were high body mass index and small spleen volume or length. In our cohort, the identified SSM cut-off of 38.9 kPa, which achieved a sensitivity of 92% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 98% for detecting VNT, is clinically nearly identical to the established Baveno threshold of 40 kPa. The predictive capability of the SSM-based model for VNT was superior to the LSM ± PLT model (p = 0.017). For CSPH prediction, the SSM model notably outperformed existing non-invasive tests (NITs), with an AUC improvement and significant correlations with HVPG measurements (obtained from 49 patients), highlighting a correlation coefficient of 0.486 (p < 0.001) between SSM and HVPG. Therefore, incorporating SSM into clinical practice significantly enhances the prediction accuracy for both VNT and CSPH in cirrhosis patients, mainly due to the high correlation between SSM and HVPG. SSM@100 Hz can offer valuable clinical assistance in avoiding unnecessary endoscopy in these patients.
Integrated care policy recommendations for complex multisystem long term conditions and long COVID
Authors: van der Feltz-Cornelis Christina M. , Sweetman Jennifer , Turk Fidan , Allsopp Gail , Gabbay Mark , Khunti Kamlesh , Williams Nefyn , Montgomery Hugh , Heightman Melissa , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Crooks Michael G. , Strain W. David , Loveless Antony , Hishmeh Lyth , Smith Natalie , Banerjee Amitava 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe importance of integrated care for complex, multiple long term conditions was acknowledged before the COVID pandemic but remained a challenge. The pandemic and consequent development of Long COVID required rapid adaptation of health services to address the population’s needs, requiring service redesigns including integrated care. This Delphi consensus study was conducted in the UK and found similar integrated care priorities for Long COVID and complex, multiple long term conditions, provided by 480 patients and health care providers, with an 80% consensus rate. The resultant recommendations were based on more than 1400 responses from survey participants and were supported by patients, health care professionals, and by patient charities. Participants identified the need to allocate resources to: support integrated care, provide access to care and treatments that work, provide diagnostic procedures that support the personalization of treatment in an integrated care environment, and enable structural consultation between primary and specialist care settings including physical and mental health care. Based on the findings we propose a model for delivering integrated care by a multidisciplinary team to people with complex multisystem conditions. These recommendations can inform improvements to integrated care for complex, multiple long term conditions and Long COVID at international level.
Applying deep learning on social media to investigate cultural ecosystem services in protected areas worldwide
Authors: Yee Timothy Bing Lun , Carrasco L. Roman 
Published: June 2024

AbstractProtected areas (PAs) are the cornerstone of conservation efforts. Although they provide many benefits to humanity, the variability in the provision of cultural ecosystem services (CES) among global PAs remains unknown. To investigate this, we combined Convolutional Neural Networks with hierarchical clustering to categorize photos from Flickr taken in PAs worldwide. A final sample of 87,090 photos in 2813 PAs within 207 countries was obtained. Distinct global patterns of CES activities emerged. Such activities had three main interaction types: human-nature (abiotic), human-nature (biotic) and human–human. Human-nature (abiotic) interactions dominated in mountain ranges. Human-nature (biotic) photos were more common in equatorial countries, and human–human photos occurred mainly in Europe. To determine the extent of the influence of biome type of PAs on CES, mixed-effects models were subsequently run. These models additionally included the country of PAs as a random effect. Despite differences in physical environments, PAs within each country generally shared similar CES types. Moreover, the effect of biome differences was marginal, thereby demonstrating that country-level management of PAs likely has a more important role in influencing CES activities in PAs. To conclude, we suggest that our results demonstrate the utility of social media data for understanding visitor activities in PAs.
Notum regulates the cusp and root patterns in mouse molar
Authors: Adasooriya Dinuka , Jeong Ju-Kyung , Kyeong Minjae , Kan Shiqi , Kim Jiwoo , Cho Eui-Sic , Cho Sung-Won 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNotum is a direct target of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and plays a crucial role as a Wnt inhibitor within a negative feedback loop. In the tooth, Notum is known to be expressed in odontoblasts, and severe dentin defects and irregular tooth roots have been reported in Notum-deficient mice. However, the precise expression pattern of Notum in early tooth development, and the role of Notum in crown and root patterns remain elusive. In the present study, we identified a novel Notum expression in primary enamel knot (EK), secondary EKs, and dental papilla during tooth development. Notum-deficient mice exhibited enlarged secondary EKs, resulting in broader cusp tips, altered cusp patterns, and reduced concavity in crown outline. These alterations in crown outline led to a reduction in cervical tongue length, thereby inducing root fusion in Notum-deficient mice. Overall, these results suggest that the secondary EK size, regulated by the Wnt/Notum negative feedback loop, has a significant impact on the patterns of crown and root during tooth morphogenesis.
Development, validation and visualization of a web-based nomogram for predicting risk of new-onset diabetes after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Zhu Mengmeng , Li Yiwen , Wang Wenting , Liu Yanfei , Tong Tiejun , Liu Yue 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSimple and practical tools for screening high-risk new-onset diabetes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (NODAP) are urgently needed to improve post-PCI prognosis. We aimed to evaluate the risk factors for NODAP and develop an online prediction tool using conventional variables based on a multicenter database. China evidence-based Chinese medicine database consisted of 249, 987 patients from 4 hospitals in mainland China. Patients ≥ 18 years with implanted coronary stents for acute coronary syndromes and did not have diabetes before PCI were enrolled in this study. According to the occurrence of new-onset diabetes mellitus after PCI, the patients were divided into NODAP and Non-NODAP. After least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and logistic regression, the model features were selected and then the nomogram was developed and plotted. Model performance was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, Hosmer–Lemeshow test and decision curve analysis. The nomogram was also externally validated at a different hospital. Subsequently, we developed an online visualization tool and a corresponding risk stratification system to predict the risk of developing NODAP after PCI based on the model. A total of 2698 patients after PCI (1255 NODAP and 1443 non-NODAP) were included in the final analysis based on the multicenter database. Five predictors were identified after screening: fasting plasma glucose, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hypertension, family history of diabetes and use of diuretics. And then we developed a web-based nomogram (https://mr.cscps.com.cn/wscoringtool/index.html) incorporating the above conventional factors for predicting patients at high risk for NODAP. The nomogram showed good discrimination, calibration and clinical utility and could accurately stratify patients into different NODAP risks. We developed a simple and practical web-based nomogram based on multicenter database to screen for NODAP risk, which can assist clinicians in accurately identifying patients at high risk of NODAP and developing post-PCI management strategies to improved patient prognosis.
Primary oocytes with cellular senescence features are involved in ovarian aging in mice
Authors: Yan Hao , Miranda Edgar Andres Diaz , Jin Shiying , Wilson Faith , An Kang , Godbee Brooke , Zheng Xiaobin , Brau-Rodríguez Astrid Roshealy , Lei Lei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn mammalian females, quiescent primordial follicles serve as the ovarian reserve and sustain normal ovarian function and egg production via folliculogenesis. The loss of primordial follicles causes ovarian aging. Cellular senescence, characterized by cell cycle arrest and production of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), is associated with tissue aging. In the present study, we report that some quiescent primary oocytes in primordial follicles become senescent in adult mouse ovaries. The senescent primary oocytes share senescence markers characterized in senescent somatic cells. The senescent primary oocytes were observed in young adult mouse ovaries, remained at approximately 15% of the total primary oocytes during ovarian aging from 6 to 12 months, and accumulated in aged ovaries. Administration of a senolytic drug ABT263 to 3-month-old mice reduced the percentage of senescent primary oocytes and the transcription of the SASP factors in the ovary, in addition, led to increased numbers of primordial and total follicles and a higher rate of oocyte maturation. Our study provides experimental evidence that primary oocytes, a germline cell type that is arrested in meiosis, become senescent in adult mouse ovaries and that senescent cell clearance reduced primordial follicle loss and mitigated ovarian aging phenotypes.
Influence of oxygen distribution on the Li-ion conductivity in oxy-sulfide glasses – taking a closer look
Authors: Zimmermanns Ramon , Luo Xianlin , Hansen Anna-Lena , Sadowski Marcel , Fu Qiang , Albe Karsten , Indris Sylvio , Knapp Michael , Ehrenberg Helmut 
Published: June 2024

Li3POxS4-x is synthesised using different sets of precursors, followed by a detailed structural analysis to establish links between the atomic structure and Li-ion conductivity of the materials.