bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenges and real‐world solutions for adoption of holistic skincare routine (cleansing, treatment, moisturization, and photoprotection) in acne, rosacea, atopic dermatitis, and sensitive skin: An expert consensus
Authors: Goh Chee‐Leok , Wu Yan , Welsh Belinda , Abad‐Casintahan Ma. Flordeliz , Tseng Chung‐Jen , Sharad Jaishree , Jung SungKyu , Puangpet Pailin , Chan Hau Ngai Kingsley , Kon Khen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundWhile treatment is a definitive therapeutic component in the management of inflammatory skin conditions, adjunctive skin care comprising of appropriate cleansing, moisturization, and photoprotection are just as important. Cleansing, treatment, moisturization, and photoprotection (CTMP) constitute the four major components of holistic skincare routine for dermatological conditions. However, inadequate patient understanding of the condition, limited resources for physicians, and insufficient time for patient education during busy dermatological consultations are the main obstacles to establishing a holistic skincare routine in the real world.AimsThis study aimed to identify key challenges in the implementation of a holistic skincare routine, and offer practical guidance to physicians to improve adoption in the management of acne, atopic dermatitis, rosacea, and sensitive skin syndrome.MethodsAn expert panel comprising of nine dermatologists from Australia, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, India, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, and Thailand convened to develop consensus statements to stimulate real‐world adoption of holistic skincare routine in acne, rosacea, atopic dermatitis, and sensitive skin syndrome using the Delphi approach.ResultsConsensus was defined as ≥80% of panel rating statement as ≥8 or median rating of ≥8. The final statements were collated to develop consensus recommendations to encourage adoption of holistic skincare routine.ConclusionPromoting patient education on the skin condition, training support staff in patient counseling, and offering physician training opportunities are the key strategies to encourage real‐world adoption of CTMP as a holistic skincare routine. The consensus recommendations presented here should be considered in all dermatology patients to accomplish the ultimate goals of improved treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction.
The dynamics of cyclic‐periodic phenomena during non‐rapid and rapid eye movement sleep
Authors: Mogavero Maria P. , DelRosso Lourdes M. , Lanza Giuseppe , Bruni Oliviero , Ferini Strambi Luigi , Ferri Raffaele 
Published: June 2024

SummarySleep is a complex physiological state characterized by distinct stages, each exhibiting unique electroencephalographic patterns and physiological phenomena. Sleep research has unveiled the presence of intricate cyclic‐periodic phenomena during both non‐rapid eye movement and rapid eye movement sleep stages. These phenomena encompass a spectrum of rhythmic oscillations and periodic events, including cyclic alternating pattern, periodic leg movements during sleep, respiratory‐related events such as apneas, and heart rate variability. This narrative review synthesizes empirical findings and theoretical frameworks to elucidate the dynamics, interplay and implications of cyclic‐periodic phenomena within the context of sleep physiology. Furthermore, it invokes the clinical relevance of these phenomena in the diagnosis and management of sleep disorders.
Elevation differentially shapes functional diversity patterns in understorey forest communities when considering intraspecific and interspecific trait variability
Authors: Ferrara Arianna , Bricca Alessandro , Alberti Davide , Sabatini Francesco Maria , Chiarucci Alessandro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractQuestionsWhat is the relative importance of interspecific and intraspecific trait variation and their covariation in the herb layer of European temperate beech forests, and how do they vary with elevation? Is there evidence of interspecific trait convergence at higher elevations, as postulated by the habitat‐filtering hypothesis, and is this convergence enhanced or counteracted by intraspecific variation?LocationNational Park “Foreste Casentinesi, Monte Falterona and Campigna”, Italy.MethodsWe measured four functional traits – plant height, specific leaf area (SLA), leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and leaf area – across 775 individuals from 60 herb‐layer species in 28 forest plots (10 m × 10 m) spanning an 800 m elevation gradient. For each trait in each plot, we computed community‐weighted means (CWMs) and the standardized effect size of functional diversity (SES‐FD). We decomposed total trait variation into its interspecific and intraspecific components, and their covariation. We run linear regression models to assess the impact of elevation on these three components of functional variation. Lastly, we investigated whether higher elevation communities exhibited lower SES‐FD, indicating functional convergence that could hint to a stronger habitat filtering.ResultsInterspecific trait variation was more important than the intraspecific counterpart both for CWMs and SES‐FD. Only CWMs calculated for plant height and LDMC showed a significant relationship with elevation. Low‐elevation communities featured taller, more‐conservative species, whereas shorter, faster‐growing species were more common at higher elevations. SES‐FD remained consistently negative for species turnover and total variation, suggesting stable functional convergence across the gradient.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that interspecific and intraspecific trait variability can be decoupled along an elevation gradient, stressing the importance of individually considering each component of trait variation when studying community composition. Elevation significantly influenced various components of plant community trait variation, with habitat filtering playing a substantial role in selecting plants with specific traits across elevations.
Evaluation of ImpENSA technology‐enabled behaviour change module delivered to healthcare professionals in South Africa to improve micronutrient nutrition during the first 1000 days
Authors: Choi Sunhea , Walsh Corinna , Omer Selma , Patro‐Golab Bernadeta , Lawrence Wendy , Havemann‐Nel Lize , Yuen Ho Ming , Koletzko Berthold , Wentzel‐Viljoen Edelweiss , Hendricks Michael , Watson Daniella , Kolodziej Maciej , Lukasik Jan , Goeiman Hilary , Godfrey Keith M. ,   ImpENSA Study Group
Published: June 2024

AbstractHealthcare professionals (HCPs) have vital roles in providing evidence‐based care to promote healthy micronutrient nutrition in early life. Providing such care requires scalable training to strengthen knowledge and confident application of effective behaviour change skills. Among 33 public and private HCPs (primarily dietitians) in South Africa, we evaluated the behaviour change aspects of a technology‐enabled National Qualification Sub‐Framework level 6 programme, Improving Early Nutrition and Health in South Africa (‘ImpENSA’). This programme comprises two self‐directed micronutrient and behaviour change knowledge‐based eLearning and one facilitated online practical skills modules to improve maternal and infant micronutrient nutrition. Using assessments, questionnaires and interviews, we collected data at baseline, after module completion and at 3‐month follow‐up after programme completion. Questionnaire and interview data showed major improvements in understanding of and attitudes towards person‐centred behaviour change support immediately following the eLearning module on behaviour change. The assessment pass rate increased from 38% at baseline to 88% postmodule, demonstrating significant knowledge gain in behaviour change support. Intention to change practice towards a person‐centred approach was high and many had already started implementing changes. Three months postprogramme, support was centred around patients' needs. Open relationships with patients, improved patient outcomes and increased job satisfaction were among reported outcomes. Many reported becoming better change facilitators and reflective practitioners. Additional improvements in understanding and attitudes to behaviour change support were evident, reinforced by making changes and experiencing positive outcomes. The findings suggest that technology‐enabled learning can equip HCPs with knowledge and skills to effectively support behaviour change for healthy micronutrient nutrition during pregnancy and infancy.
Youngest Living Donor Liver Transplant for End‐Stage Liver Disease in a 6‐Month‐Old With a Novel Aggressive Mutation in KIF12 Gene
Authors: Gautam Vipul , Panda Kalpana , Kumar Vikram , Agarwal Shaleen , Gupta Subhash 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundKinesin family member 12 (KIF12) mutation‐related cholestatic disorder represents a rare subtype of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC), referred to as PFIC Type 8, with only 21 reported cases globally to date.MethodsHere, we present a unique case of a 6‐month‐old boy diagnosed with homozygous KIF12 gene mutation, who successfully underwent a living donor liver transplant at our center for end‐stage liver disease.ResultsThis case marks the youngest patient of KIF12‐related cholestatic disorder necessitating a liver transplant to date. The child initially presented with neonatal cholestasis and then developed infantile hepatic decompensation. Our report discusses the diagnostic process and management strategies employed. It underscores the importance of prompt diagnosis through clinical suspicion, biochemical parameters, and genetic testing, as well as the adoption of suitable management strategies, including the early contemplation of liver transplant in such exceptional and rare cases of genetic intrahepatic cholestasis.ConclusionKIF12‐related genetic disease should be considered in neonatal cholestasis cases with high gamma glutamyl transpeptidase to differentiate from conditions like biliary atresia. Favorable outcomes post liver transplant stress the importance of early genetic testing and referral to liver transplant centers for unresponsive patients, potentially saving lives.
Antimicrobial peptides from plants and microorganisms for plant disease management
Authors: Iralu Nulevino , Wani Sumiah , Mehraj Insha , Ullah Parvaiz , Saleem Sahar , Hamid Aflaq 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPlant disease control faces a lot of challenges due to its overdependence on chemicals that have strict restrictions and regulatory requirements. With the increase in drug‐resistant pathogens and continual crop losses due to disease outbreaks, much attention has been brought to a new set of emerging antibiotics called antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). AMPs are a group of multifunctional, short‐sequence peptides that are usually cationic in nature and found in all living organisms. They are part of the innate immune system of different organisms and exhibit a wide range of inhibitory effects on microorganisms, making them potential therapeutic factors efficacious as an alternate resource for plant disease management. AMPs interact with the anionic cell membrane of the pathogen and cause cell lysis or inhibit crucial intracellular targets. AMPs can be isolated from almost all life forms ranging from microbes to mammals. In addition to these sources, AMPs are also being synthesized using recombinant methods with the goal of overcoming the constraints of natural AMPs with regard to stability, activity and toxicity. Recent advancements have been made to develop transgenic plants expressing AMPs that has proved to perform better than the use of antibiotics. This review highlights the different kinds of AMPs produced by plants and microorganisms along with their mode of action, target pathogens, structural characteristics and advancements in this field, which include isolation methods, synthetic AMPs and transgenic plants expressing AMPs.
Acute and Chronic Effects of Static Stretching on Intramuscular Hamstring Stiffness
Authors: Russell Alexander , Choi Benjamin , Robinson Davina , Penailillo Luis , Earp Jacob E. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTPassive hamstring stiffness varies proximo‐distally, resulting in inhomogeneous tissue strain during stretching that may affect localized adaptations and risk of muscle injuries. The purpose of the present study was to determine the acute and chronic effects of static stretching (SS) on intramuscular hamstring stiffness. Thirty healthy active participants had acute changes in passive biceps femoris (BF), semimembranosus (SM), and semitendinosus (ST) stiffness measured at 25% (proximal), 50% (middle), and 75% (distal) muscle length, using shear‐wave elastography, immediately after SS. Participants then completed 4 weeks of either a SS intervention (n = 15) or no intervention (CON, n = 15) with stiffness measured before and after the interventions. The acute and chronic effects of SS were compared between anatomical regions and between regions on the basis of their relative stiffness pre‐intervention. Acutely, SS decreased stiffness throughout the BF and SM (p ≤ 0.05) but not the ST (p = 0.326). However, a regional effect of stretching was observed for SM and ST with greater reduction in stiffness occurring in stiffer muscular regions (p = 0.001–0.013). Chronically, SS increased BF and ST (p < 0.05), but not SM (p = 0.422) stiffness compared with CON, but no regional effect of stretching was observed in any muscle (p = 0.361–0.833). SS resulted in contrasting acute and chronic effects, acutely decreasing stiffness in stiffer regions while chronically increasing stiffness. These results indicate that the acute effects of SS vary along the muscle's length on the basis of the relative stiffness of the muscle and that acute changes in stiffness from SS are unrelated to chronic adaptations.
Absence of SARS‐CoV‐2 in wildlife of northeastern Minnesota and Isle Royale National Park
Authors: Castañeda David , Isaac Edmund J. , Schnieders Benjamin P. , Kautz Todd , Romanski Mark C. , Moore Seth A. , Aliota Matthew T. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimsWe investigated the presence of SARS‐CoV‐2 in free‐ranging wildlife populations in Northeastern Minnesota on the Grand Portage Indian Reservation and Isle Royale National Park.Methods and ResultsOne hundred twenty nasal samples were collected from white‐tailed deer, moose, grey wolves and black bears monitored for conservation efforts during 2022–2023. Samples were tested for viral RNA by RT‐qPCR using the CDC N1/N2 primer set. Our data indicate that no wildlife samples were positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA.ConclusionsContinued surveillance is therefore crucial to better understand the changing landscape of zoonotic SARS‐CoV‐2 in the Upper Midwest.
Impact of Lean-Burn Combustor Flow on Nozzle Guide Vane Performance
Authors: Amend Jonas , Chowdhury Nafiz , Povey Thomas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper we investigate the impact of lean-burn-representative swirl and temperature distortion on the aerothermal performance of fully-cooled high-pressure nozzle guide vanes (NGVs) from a modern aero-engine. Experiments were carried out in the Engine Component AeroThermal (ECAT) facility at the University of Oxford. This is a fully-annular warm-flow engine parts facility, designed to operate at engine-representative conditions of Reynolds and Mach number. Inlet profiles of swirl, turbulence, and non-dimensional total temperature were generated using a non-reacting combustor simulator. The NGV outlet flow was experimentally characterized at three downstream planes in experiments with and without lean-burn-representative inlet conditions. Area-survey measurements included distributions of whirl angle, kinetic energy (KE) loss, and non-dimensional total temperature. Experimental data is compared to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Fully-featured NGV geometry (including film cooling holes and internal passages) was used, to account for internal cooling flow redistribution resulting from altered external loading. We show that lean-burn inlet conditions result in significant surface flow redistribution, relatively high levels of residual swirl in the downstream flow, and a small increase of integrated KE loss.
Evaluation of the Demand Flexibility Potential Through Joint Optimization of Building Thermal Response and Indoor Air Quality in Commercial Buildings
Authors: Klavekoske Andrew B. , Cushing Vincent J. , Henze Gregor P. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Large commercial buildings may display demand flexibility, which reduces electric energy expenses for the building owner and carbon emissions from grid operations, provides distributed energy resources, and increases the penetration of renewable energy sources. Demand-controlled ventilation (DCV) and building thermal mass control can individually and jointly provide such flexibility. The performance and financial payback of these technology options can be dramatically improved if based on hourly electric prices and carbon emissions rates. In this study, a modeled but actual large office building, simulated using New York City hourly electric prices, hourly CO2e emissions rates, and weather data for the summer 2019 cooling season is based on these dynamic driving parameters. A joint optimization of a building’s thermal mass and indoor CO2 content is presented. Superior energy savings and carbon emissions reductions are found for the joint optimization scenario when compared to both the baseline operation and individual optimization of building thermal mass and indoor CO2 content. These findings motivate the development of a real-time joint control system that utilizes closed-loop model predictive control (MPC) to optimally harness both sources of demand flexibility, a system that would require the future development of forecasting algorithms for external and control-oriented system models.
Precursor Damage Quantification in Composite Structures Using Coda Wave Interferometry and Nonlinear Ultrasonics
Authors: Ahmed Hossain , Sadaf Asef , Banerjee Sourav 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Methods to quantification of precursor damage in carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite structures are reported herein. These techniques include coda wave interferometry (CWI) and nonlinear ultrasonics (NLU). Since low-frequency Lamb wave propagation is insensitive to the early-stage material degradation, it is shown that decoding the information in coda wave can overcome this well-known limitation. To conclude this possibility, CWI technique is cross verified with a traditional high-frequency ultrasound method. To achieve this goal, a tensile–tensile fatigue experiment was designed for CFRP composite specimens. By inducing controlled fatigue damage in these structures, material states are assessed using low-frequency (&lt;500 kHz) ultrasonic guided wave and high-frequency (&gt;10 MHz) P-wave. Stretching guided coda wave is utilized to quantify the precursor damage as a unique approach in this article. However, such method could be illuded by the changes in the signals due to bonds and contacts. To verify if the CWI is successful, and to evaluate the precursor damage in composite structures, additional nonlinear analysis of ultrasonic signals from both guided waves and P-waves is performed. Higher order nonlinearities in both low-frequency guided wave and high-frequency P-wave propagation demonstrate the growth of precursor damage in CFRP composite structures. So does the CWI of low-frequency guided wave data. Accuracy of these ultrasonic techniques is validated with experimentally obtained remaining strengths of the fatigue specimens. With this verification it is envisioned that both CWI and NLU together could quantify the precursor damage in composite structures.
The geology and genesis of the Viburnum Trend Pb-Zn-Cu-(Ag) Mississippi Valley–type ore district, USA
Authors: Johnson* Aaron W. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
The Viburnum Trend, a Mississippi Valley–type Pb-Zn-Cu-(Ag) ore district, USA, is primarily hosted within the Cambrian Bonneterre Formation. Primary ore mineralization consists of galena, sphalerite, and chalcopyrite. Primary gangue minerals include dolomite and calcite, with lesser amounts of quartz, pyrite, and marcasite also present. The paragenetic sequence is complex, involving multiple generations of sulfide ore minerals. Early minerals are disseminated throughout the host rock. The main ore-stage deposition mostly occurs as colloform ore, while late-stage deposition primarily includes vug-filling ore. The geochemistry of deposits within the trend requires a complex fluid history, consistent with the mixing of multiple chemically distinct fluids to initiate ore precipitation. Salinities of included fluids range from less than 5 to ~30 wt% equivalent NaCl. Fluid chemistries align with the presence of a northward-migrating fluid, likely propelled through the Arkoma Basin due to hydrologic head provided by the Ouachita orogen, and a southward- or westward-migrating fluid, likely escaping the Illinois Basin due to overpressuring during sediment compaction and associated subsidence. Ore deposition probably commenced through fluid mixing. Lead and sulfur isotope chemistries of included fluids and associated solid phases suggest that multiple sources contributed lead and sulfur present in ore-stage mineralization. Additionally, ore fluids seem to have interacted with igneous basement rocks, likely acquiring lead, copper, and sulfur during migration through faults and fractures. The Viburnum Trend is relatively well understood; however, significant questions persist regarding fluid flow–driving mechanisms and pathways, sulfur sources, sulfate reduction reactions, metal sources, interaction with basement rocks, and the role of organic material in the host rock.
Geology of the Ouachita Mountains and linkages to North American late Paleozoic orogenesis
Authors: McKay* Matthew P. , Jackson Jr. William T. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTCorrelations of Paleozoic strata from the southern Appalachian, Black Warrior, and Ouachita-Arkoma forelands show varying lithofacies and stratigraphic thicknesses for coeval deposits, as well as differences in the location of disconformities. This field trip will visit stops throughout the Ouachita Mountains and Arkoma basin to observe clastic strata variability in the Cambrian, Ordovician–Silurian, Mississippian, and Pennsylvanian periods. The spatial-temporal relationship between these units provides a first-order understanding of orogenic processes along the southeastern and southern Laurentian margin during the amalgamation of the supercontinent Pangea. We present a summary of detrital zircon geochronology from the three foreland systems and correlative stops in the Ouachita Mountains to discuss sediment provenance, paleo-reconstructions, and to identify needed geochronology information for future studies.Cambrian through Devonian units in the southern Appalachian foreland of Alabama and Ouachita thrust belt are dominated by Proterozoic Grenville (1250–900 Ma) and Granite-Rhyolite (1550–1300 Ma) province grains, with minor Archean grains. Mississippian and Pennsylvanian units in the southern Appalachian and Ouachita-Arkoma forelands exhibit similar age spectra and are primarily characterized by a dominant Grenville peak, alongside smaller Appalachian (490–270 Ma), Granite-Rhyolite, Yavapai-Mazatzal (1800–1600 Ma), and Wyoming (&gt;2400 Ma) peaks. Proportional differences in the age spectra can be identified when comparing individual stratigraphic intervals in the forelands, and have been interpreted to represent influxes of different drainage systems associated with along strike versus perpendicular sediment routing.Mississippian strata in the Ouachita Mountains, Arkoma basin, and Black Warrior basin exhibit unique age spectra in comparison to other Ouachita and southern Appalachian signatures. A dominant Appalachian peak (&lt;480 Ma), alongside smaller Grenville, Granite-Rhyolite, Yavapai-Mazatzal, and Wyoming peaks identified in the Batesville Sandstone of the Ouachita-Arkoma foreland, suggests a possible connection to barrier island depositional systems to the east. Pennsylvanian strata in the Black Warrior basin exhibit similar age spectra to those of samples from the southern Appalachian and Ouachita-Arkoma forelands.