bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subcritical convection in the presence of Soret effect within a horizontal porous enclosure heated and salted from the short sides
Authors: Er‐Raki M. , Hasnaoui M. , Amahmid A. , Bourich M. 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study analytically and numerically the Soret effect on double diffusive natural convection induced in a horizontal Darcy porous layer subject to lateral heat and mass fluxes. The work focuses on the particular situation where the solutal to thermal buoyancy forces ratio, N, is related to the Soret parameter, SP, by the relation. For this particular situation, the rest state is a solution of the problem. The analytical identification of the parallel flow bifurcations counts among the objectives of the study. The effect of the governing parameters on the fluid flow properties and heat and mass transfer characteristics is also examined.Design/methodology/approachBoth the Darcy model and the Boussinesq approximation are used for the mathematical formulation of the problem. The geometry under study is a horizontal porous cavity filled with a binary fluid. The problem is solved analytically on the basis of the parallel flow approximation, valid in the case of a shallow cavity. The analytical results are validated numerically using a second‐order finite difference method.FindingsThe main finding is the absence of a supercritical bifurcation for this problem. More precisely, in the studied case, only the subcritical convection was found possible for the parallel flow structure and its threshold was determined analytically versus the governing parameters. It is also shown that the SP‐Le plane can be divided into two parallel flow regions; in one region the flow is counterclockwise while it is clockwise in the other. At sufficiently large values of RT, two solutions of ψ0, termed as “stable” and “unstable” and varying, respectively, as RT1/3 and RT−1 were obtained. The flows corresponding to these solutions are rotating in the same direction with different intensities. An analytical expression is established for the critical Rayleigh number which allows a control of the onset of motion in the system.Practical implicationsThe thermodiffusion phenomenon in saturated porous geometries is of practical interest in several natural and technological processes such as the migration of moisture through air contained in fibrous insulations, food processing, contaminant transport in ground water, electrochemical processes, etc.Originality/valueThe study concerns the Soret effect within a system subject to outside mass flux. Only one type of bifurcation (subcritical bifurcation) was found possible for the parallel flow structure in the present configuration instead of two kinds of bifurcations (supercritical and subcritical).
Integral transforms solution for flow development in wavy wall ducts
Authors: Silva Roseane L. , Quaresma João N.N. , Santos Carlos A.C. , Cotta Renato M. 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of two‐dimensional laminar flow in the entrance region of wavy wall ducts as obtained from the solution of the steady Navier‐Stokes equations for incompressible flow.Design/methodology/approachThe study is undertaken by application of the generalized integral transform technique in the solution of the steady Navier‐Stokes equations for incompressible flow. The streamfunction‐only formulation is adopted, and a general filtering solution that adapts to the irregular contour is proposed to enhance the convergence behavior of the eigenfunction expansion.FindingsA few representative cases are considered more closely in order to report some numerical results illustrating the eigenfunction expansions convergence behavior. The product friction factor‐Reynolds number is also computed and compared against results from discrete methods available in the literature for different Reynolds numbers and amplitudes of the wavy channel.Research limitations/implicationsThe proposed methodology is fairly general in the analysis of different channel profiles, though the reported results are limited to the wavy channel configuration. Future work should also extend the analysis to geometries represented in the cylindrical coordinates with longitudinally variable radius.Practical implicationsThe error‐controlled converged results provide reliable benchmark results for the validation of numerical results from computational codes that address the solution of the Navier‐Stokes equations in irregular geometries.Originality/valueAlthough the hybrid methodology is already known in the literature, the results here presented are original and further challenges application of the integral transform method in the solution of the Navier‐Stokes equations.
Role of knowledge management and analytical CRM in business: data mining based framework
Authors: Ranjan Jayanthi , Bhatnagar Vishal 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to provide a thorough analysis of the concepts of business intelligence (BI), knowledge management (KM) and analytical CRM (aCRM) and to establish a framework for integrating all the three to each other. The paper also seeks to establish a KM and aCRM based framework using data mining (DM) techniques, which helps in the enterprise decision‐making. The objective is to share how KM and aCRM can be integrated into this seamless analytics framework to sustain excellence in decision making using effective data mining techniques and to explore how working on such aCRM system can be effective for enabling organizations delivering complete solutions.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on focused and dedicated study of the literature present on the aCRM, KM and data mining techniques. The paper considered how to develop a strategy and operational framework that would build aCRM on the foundation of existing DM techniques and KM approach to meet the business challenges. Based on this research, a customized, integrated framework, to match the needs of business was designed.FindingsKM focuses on managing knowledge within the organization and aCRM focuses on gaining analytical information from the customer data. Both KM and aCRM help in the decision making process and understanding. This knowledge is difficult to uncover. Hence, this paper explains the importance of data mining tools and techniques to uncover knowledge by the integration between KM and aCRM. This paper presents an integrated KM and aCRM based framework using DM techniques.Research limitations/implicationsAll the firms may not be in favor of adopting KM while implementing aCRM. The KM requires a convalesce of organizational culture, technology innovations, effective work force in culminating knowledge dissemination in all business domains.Practical implicationsThe organizations implementing this knowledge enabled aCRM framework would be easily able to convert their business knowledge via the analytical CRM to solve many business issues, such as increase response rates from direct mail, telephone, e‐mail, and internet delivered marketing campaigns, increased sales and increased services. With aCRM, firms can identify their most profitable customers and use this knowledge for promotional schemes for those customers as well as identify future customers with prediction on ROI.Originality/valueThe need for the integration of KM and aCRM is clear. It is written for practitioners who are looking for approaches to improve business performance and maintain high profits for their business by incorporating knowledge‐enabled aCRM in their setup.
Knowledge worker control: understanding via principal and agency theory
Authors: Mitchell Rebecca , Meacheam David 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe growing prominence of knowledge workers in contemporary organisations has led to a considerable amount of research into their role and activities, however, despite this growing interest, there remains a lack of clarity regarding the relationship of knowledge workers to management. This paper aims to respond by investigating the features of knowledge work that impose barriers to traditional managerial control methods and exploring the extent to which alternative approaches to influence are available to knowledge work managers, and the circumstances under which these different approaches are indicated.Design/methodology/approachThe paper utilised agency theory to investigate the implications of knowledge asymmetry in principal‐knowledge worker exchanges, and argues against the utility of models of control based on principles of scientific management on which agency models are typically based, towards models of control based on reciprocity and commitment.FindingsThe paper has two main outputs. First, it argues that situations in which knowledge‐based specialists are hired to perform tasks requiring expertise can be viewed as principal‐agent exchanges (Mills) and are therefore open to analysis through an agency theory lens. The second endeavour is to discuss the implications of knowledge asymmetry in principal‐knowledge worker relationships for managerial control and influence, and posit alternative modes of managerial control based on normative influence and valiant rewards. Further, it develops propositions relating to the factors likely to moderate the utility of each managerial influence strategy.Originality/valueBy undertaking this investigation, the paper responds to calls by Frenkelet al.to understand process and dynamics of control in managing knowledge workers. It moves away from models of control based on principles of scientific management on which agency models are typically based, towards models of control based on reciprocity and commitment. It develops testable propositions regarding specific sources of influence in knowledge work and the circumstances under which the employment of these influence strategies is indicated. This responds to calls by authors such as Tampoe; and Lord to develop a detailed understanding of the manner and extent to which influence strategies need to complement specific knowledge worker characteristics.
Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in halal food purchasing
Authors: Shah Alam Syed , Mohamed Sayuti Nazura 
Published: March 2011

PurposeIn this study, Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior is used as a theoretical framework with the aim of extending prior research examining halal food purchasing behavior in Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachData are collected through self‐administered questionnaires. This paper uses multiple regression analysis to identify the factors affecting halal food purchasing behavior of Malaysian consumers.FindingsThe multiple regression analysis results indicate that all factors have positive and significant influence on halal food purchasing intention.Research limitations/implicationsLike other empirical studies, this study is not without its limitations. The sample size itself is relatively small. The study can be strengthened by increasing the sample size and including participants in other geographical areas. This study also considered only three antecedents of halal food purchasing among consumers in Malaysia. As Malaysia is actually trying to play for a bigger role in the halal industry, more research is needed to identify and address problematic aspects of consumption of halal food. Potential correlations between some of the independent variables (e.g. trust, moral obligation, habit, and self‐identity) need to be reported in a future study.Originality/valueThis study contributes to and extends our understanding of the halal food purchasing behavior, identifying the rationales for purchasing of halal foods. From a managerial viewpoint, the findings provide support for investment decisions and for decisions relating to the establishment of Malaysia as a halal hub that address and take the concerns and needs of businesses and Malaysian Government agencies into consideration.
Role of organizational justice in determining work outcomes of national and expatriate academic staff in Malaysia
Authors: Hassan Arif , Hashim Junaidah 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe study aims to analyze the differences between national and expatriate academic staff perception of organizational justice in Malaysian institutions of higher learning. It also explores the role of organizational justice in shaping teaching faculties' attitude (job satisfaction and commitment) and behavioral intention (turnover intention).Design/methodology/approachThe sample consisted of teaching staff belonging to several faculties drawn from four public universities in Malaysia. Sample was divided into two groups – Malaysian nationals with tenure appointments and expatriates with contractual appointments. Data were collected using standardized tools to measure the study variables.FindingsExcept for job satisfaction, where Malaysians recorded significantly higher endorsement compared to expatriates, no significant difference was found between the two groups on perception of distributive, procedural, and interactional aspects of organizational justice, as well as organizational commitment and turnover intention. However, Malaysians demonstrated significantly higher level of job satisfaction compared to expatriates. Different facets of organizational justice predicted work outcomes in the two groups. Whereas interactional and distributive justice promoted expatriates' organizational commitment and/or intention to stay with the organization, it was mainly procedural justice that contributed to local employees' job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intentions. Distributive justice also predicted turnover intentions of locals.Practical implicationsThe study should add to the literature on international human resource management. Organizations that employ expatriates and knowledge workers should benefit from the findings of this study.Originality/valueNot many empirical studies have been conducted on university academic staffs' perception of organizational justice in an Asian context, as well as how employment practices might influence justice perception and resultant work outcomes of national citizens vs expatriates. This study attempts to fulfill the gap.
Non‐destructive analysis (NDA) of external and internal structures in 3DP
Authors: Gatto Matteo , Harris Russell Anthony 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThree‐dimensional printing (3DP) is an increasingly popular additive manufacturing (AM) process. The structure produced in 3DP comprises of two main elements: an external “shell” and an inner “core”. The variation of this structure and print strategy dictates many factors, such as the final physical properties, the final weight of the part, the total material usage, effects on warpage and the build speed. As such, the accuracy and repeatability of these geometric structures is of importance. The measurement and validation of the actual printed structure is especially challenging due to the nature of the materials system. The purpose of this paper is to present an effective method to analyze the internal structure of a 3DP.Design/methodology/approachA dedicated video‐monitoring system has been developed to capture and characterize the 3DP build structure layer‐by‐layer. A significant image‐processing phase involved image calibration, filtering, thresholding and segmentation. The investigation is composed by three substudies. First, the reliability of the developed system was determined by comparing nominal dimensions of a benchmark part with video and contact measurements. The two studies have focused on the “shell” and “core” characterization, respectively.FindingsA resolution of 508 pixel per inch was determined. From the first studies, benchmark elements of 0.5 mm presented a deviation between 0.29 and 0.44 mm from their normal dimension. The thickness of the external shell was analyzed, in both clear and coloured modes. Dimensions ranged between 1.51 and 1.58 mm for a clear part, and 1.59 and 1.69 mm for the coloured version. A further study resulted in a 3D virtual model of the internal mesh structure, which had been printed at high saturation.Originality/valueThe internal structure of a 3D printed part has been successfully analyzed by in‐process monitoring providing information and data not available through conventional analysis of the final part. This system provides a solution for real‐time non‐destructive analysis, which is currently absent in various forms of AM.
The applicability of cluster theory to Canada's small and medium‐sized apparel companies
Authors: Campaniaris Constantine , Hayes Steve , Jeffrey Michael , Murray Richard 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify and map trends in the Canadian apparel industry (in a global context) and, through the application of Porter's models, establish strategies that could be employed by Canadian small and medium enterprizes (SMEs) in response to the move toward trade liberalisation since the phasing out of the multi‐fibre arrangement.Design/methodology/approachThe literature review established trends in the apparel industry both in Canada and globally. Qualitative research in the form of case studies highlighted apparel suppliers' perceptions of Canada's strengths and weaknesses as a business setting and provided preliminary information on possible supplier activities which provide value and competitive advantage. The analysis of the primary data also allowed the development of preliminary questions, answers to which will further enhance the understanding of clusters and their applicability to Canada's apparel SMEs.FindingsCanada's apparel manufacturing industry is winding down while imports are continuing to grow. At the same time, the Canadian market is not large enough to sustain all the suppliers, thus forcing those who are competitive to export, primarily to the USA, which is Canada's major apparel export destination. The morphology of related and supporting industries to apparel suppliers is changing. The findings suggest that Canada's apparel supply is becoming more of a service and less of a manufacturing industry.Originality/valueThis paper provides an understanding of Canada's position in the global apparel map and ascertains whether competitive cluster strategies exist for the Canadian apparel industry. Furthermore, it sets the stage for further research by identifying knowledge gaps pertaining to the applicability of clusters to the apparel industry and providing data and findings to bridge these gaps.
Exploring job responsibilities and requirements of US textile and apparel sourcing personnel
Authors: Muhammad Amanda J. , Ha‐Brookshire Jung E. 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to gain a deeper understanding of the job responsibilities and requirements of textile and apparel (T&A) sourcing personnel from the employers' perspective, based on Kunz's behavioral theory of apparel firms and US Department of Labor's classification principles.Design/methodology/approach“Job wanted” texts published by Women's Wear Daily, a prominent daily trade newspaper in the US textile and apparel industry were collected. Content analysis was performed to examine three research question categories: daily duties of sourcing personnel, required skills for sourcing personnel, and relevant experiences sought for sourcing personnel.FindingsSourcing personnel are heavily involved in the firm's management of vendor relations, product development, production, and inter‐departmental collaborations. Desired sourcing personnel must be organized with multitasking abilities, knowledge of various computer applications, and exceptional communication skills. On‐the‐job experiences, industry knowledge, and bilingual abilities were highly sought for sourcing personnel with relatively little focus on formal education.Research limitations/implicationsThe study data source was limited to one US‐based trade publication from 2007 to 2008 and, thus, any extrapolation of the results must be done with a caution.Practical implicationsThe study results help employers define clear position descriptions, current and future sourcing personnel effectively develop career path plans, and educators provide timely and relevant sourcing curriculum. Ultimately, the study results may help students be better prepared for a sourcing job market.Originality/valueThe paper provides practical, in‐depth information of sourcing personnel's daily duties, required skills, and desired experiences from the employer's perspective, which has not been available in the literature to date.
An exploration of fashion retailer own brand strategies
Authors: McColl Julie , Moore Christopher 
Published: March 2011

PurposeIt has been proposed within the branding literature that the theory of the brand be extended within a variety of industries. The purpose of this paper is to offer a deeper understanding of the centrality of the own brand to fashion retailer brand strategy.Design/methodology/approachThe research involved six in‐depth interviews with large‐scale fashion retailers from a sample of the 20 largest and most successful fashion retailers in the UK.FindingsParticipants identified the motivations, dimensions, success factors and problems associated with the creation, development and management of the own brandResearch limitations/implicationsThis is an exploratory study and as such is limited to the experiences of six fashion retailers. It is, however, part of a larger empirical study.Practical implicationsThe results of this study provide key areas for future research development to be applied within the fashion retail sector or to be expanded within alternative retail sectors.Originality/valueThe development of brand strategy within the fashion retailing sector reveals a paucity of empirical and theoretical studies. This exploratory paper seeks to address this scarcity.
Simulation‐based excess return model for real estate development
Authors: Gimpelevich David 
Published: March 2011

PurposeAn acute need exists for a practical quantitative risk management‐based real estate investment underwriting methodology that clearly helps guide decision making and addresses the shortcomings of discounted cash flow (DCF) modeling by evaluating the full range of probable outcomes. This paper seeks to address this issue.Design/methodology/approachThe simulation‐based excess return model (SERM) is an original methodology developed based on an application of Monte Carlo simulation to project risk assessment combined with the widely practiced DCF modeling. A case study is provided where results of the modeling are compared with traditional DCF risk models and with prior projects with known outcomes.FindingsThis paper lays out a practical method for stochastic quantitative risk management modeling for real estate development projects and illustrates that for identical projects risk‐adjusted returns derived with the use of SERM may differ significantly from returns provided by traditional discounted cash flow analysis. SERM corrects serious shortcomings in the DCF methodology by incorporating stochastic tools for the measurement of the universe of outcomes. It further serves to condense the results of Monte Carlo simulations into a simplified metric that can guide practitioners and which is easily communicational to decision makers for making project funding decisions.Practical implicationsSERM offers a simple, practical decision‐making method for underwriting projects that addresses the limitations of the prevailing methodologies via: stochastic assessment of the range of outcomes; interdependence of input variables; and objective risk premium metrics.Originality/valueThis paper presents an original methodology for making project‐funding decisions for real estate development projects that is based on Monte Carlo simulation combined with DCF analysis. The methodology presented here will have value for real estate developers, investors, project underwriters, and lenders looking for a practical and objective method for project valuation and risk management than is offered by traditional DCF analysis. A review of literature did not reveal analogous methodologies for risk management.