bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pentaband printed antenna for laptop computer
Authors: Chang The‐Nan , Shih Kai , Su Jia‐Hung , Chen Hung‐Jen , Wu Yu‐Yuan 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis article presents design and measurement of a planar multiband (GSM850/900, DCS, PCS, and UMTS bands) antenna used in a laptop computer. The antenna can be identified by crossly connecting a meandered inverted‐F configuration and a T‐shaped monopole. The inverted‐F part is mainly responsible for GSM‐band operation. To cover the DCS, PCS, and UMTS bands, a T‐shaped monopole is added. Although directly connecting them together, VSWR cannot meet the specification at the higher band. Therefore, an open‐tub is added at bottom end of the T‐shaped monopole. It is investigated that the stub serves as a capacitive match element. After tuning length of this stub, all properties of the pentaband antenna include the bandwidth, radiating pattern, and gain variation can satisfy practical applications. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:857–861, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25859
Influence of transmitter chirp and receiver imperfections on RF gain in short‐range ROMMF systems
Authors: Petersen Martin N. , Tartarini Giovanni , Visani Davide , Faccin Pier , Tarlazzi Luigi 
Published: February 2011

AbstractTwo important effects that can lead to extensive detrimental effects in short‐range radio‐over‐multimode‐fiber systems are presented. The theoretical and experimental work shows transmitter chirp and receiver imperfections determining the degree of both RF gain variations as well as optical power variations. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:822–824, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25862
Experimental and simulated study of metamaterials with varied spacing along magnetic field direction
Authors: Li Minhua , Yang Helin , Tian Yan , Hou Dongyun 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA type of composite metamaterials (CMMs) with unique configurations is demonstrated and the transmission properties performed in free space exhibit a pass band at about 8.5 GHz.Simulations with lateral displacement of Gaussian beam transmitted through parallelogram‐shaped medium are realized, which can demonstrate the negative refraction index. Further, transmission spectrum of wires alone, split ring resonators alone, and CMMs with varied spacing along magnetic field direction are measured in our experiments. Experimental results and simulated results are in good agreements. With the spacing increased, the pass band drifts to lower frequency which can be applied in tunable metamaterials devices. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:852–855, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25867
Theoretical investigation of terahertz amplifier by carbon nanotubes within transmission line metamaterials
Authors: Si Li‐Ming , Sun Hou‐Jun , Lv Xin 
Published: February 2011

AbstractTerahertz (THz) power amplification in coplanar waveguide composite right left‐handed transmission line (CPW CRLH TL) metamaterials with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been investigated. The negative differential resistance (NDR) behavior of the CNTs with appropriate DC voltage bias, which can be characterized as the feature of the Gunn‐type oscillator, Esaki‐like diode, or field effect transistor (FET), is used to provide the THz loss compensation/gain. From introducing gaps in the central signal line and short‐circuited stubs connected between the CPW central signal line and the ground are used to realize the left‐handed (LH) series capacitance CL and LH shunt inductance LL, respectively. The equivalent circuits model approach and effective medium method are employed to study the propagation constant γ = α + jβ of the CNT‐based active THz metamaterials, which are validated by three‐dimensional (3D) full‐wave finite element (FEM) and circuit model co‐design. Results indicate not only the negative attenuation constant α (gain) provided by CNTs but also the negative phase constant β (backward wave propagation with anti‐parallel phase and group velocities) by artificial TL configuration at THz frequency region. This planar structure could be used to design tunable THz devices with different DC bias voltage and also easily extended to two‐dimensional (2D) and 3D active microwave, IR, or optical metamaterials at room temperature. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:815–818, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25870
Analysis of substrate integrated waveguide structures VIA a periodic transverse‐wave iterative formulation
Authors: Brahim Taoufik Ibn Elhaj , Zairi H. , Gharsallah A. , Gharbi A. , Baudrand H. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIn this article, the theory and numerical algorithm of a periodic wave concept iterative method are presented for the analysis of periodic structures of metallic via‐holes. The method is based on the transverse wave formulation using the periodic boundary conditions to extract the single via‐hole's impedance. As application a substrate integrated waveguide structures are studied. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:880–884, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25873
Erratum: Design of small ACS‐FED bandnotch UWB monopole antenna using particle swarm optimization
Authors: Soltani Saber , Azarmanesh Mohammadnaghi , Lotfi Parisa 
Published: February 2011

AbstractOriginally published Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 1510–1513, 2010. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53: 962, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25954(Original article DOI 10.1002/mop.25269)
The efficacy of additive tolterodine extended release for 1‐year in older men with storage symptoms and clinical benign proastatic hyperplasia
Authors: Chung Shiu‐Dong , Chang Hsiao‐Chun , Chiu Bin , Liao Chun‐Hou , Kuo Hann‐Chorng 
Published: February 2011

AbstractAimTo determine the efficacy of toterodine extended release (ER) treatment for 1 year in older men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and storage symptoms treated with alpha‐blockers and/or 5‐alpha‐reductase inhibitors (5ARI).MethodsMen aged over 70 years with BPH/bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and clinical storage symptoms were randomly treated with or without tolterodine ER in combination with alpha‐blockers and/or 5ARI for 12 months. Among them, 50 patients (group 1) received additive tolterodine extended release (ER) 4 mg q.d., another 87 patients (group 2) did not. All patients had a baseline and 12th month post‐treatment evaluation, which comprised of uroflowmetry, post‐void residual (PVR) volume, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and quality of life index (QoL‐I), transrectal ultrasound of the prostate and serum prostate specific antigen.ResultsOne hundred thirty‐seven of 153 enrolled patients with a mean age of 74.9 years completed the study. Treatment benefit demonstrated in both groups included deceased total, voiding and storage IPSS scores, increased peak urinary flow rate and deceased QoL‐I. Inter‐group difference was only observed on the storage domain of IPSS score (P = 0.012). The mean PVR after treatment did not significantly differ between two groups. Two patients of group 1 and three of group 2 developed acute urinary retention. Among group 1, six patients discontinued tolterodine ER for intolerable dry mouth; among group 2, three patients reported dizziness.ConclusionsThis longer comparative study indicated that additive treatment with tolterodine ER in older men with BPH/BOO and significant storage symptoms is a beneficial and safe therapeutic option. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30:568–571, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Total extract of Beta Vulgaris var. Cicla seeds versus its purified phenolic components: antioxidant activities and antiproliferative effects against colon cancer cells
Authors: Gennari Lorenzo , Felletti Marcella , Blasa Manuela , Angelino Donato , Celeghini Claudio , Corallini Alfredo , Ninfali Paolino 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIntroduction – Beta vulgaris var. cicla (BV) leaves contain chemopreventive compounds that have been investigated for new drug discovery. These compounds belong to the family of the apigenin‐glycosides. Since the leaves are seasonal products containing high percentages of water, they are easily degradable during storage in fresh conditions. To be stored they require a drying process, consuming time and a large amount of energy. The extraction of apigenin‐glycosides may also be conveniently performed from BV seeds, which represent a stable and year‐long available biomass.Objectives – The present report was undertaken to find a strategy of purification of bioactive flavonoids from BV seeds and test their ability to inhibit proliferation both on human colon cancer (RKO) cells and normal human fibroblasts (HF).Materials and methods – The ethyl‐acetate extract of BV seeds was fractionated on a Sephadex LH 20 column. A fraction of this extract, labeled as P4, exploited a marked antiproliferative activity on RKO cells. The components of P4 were purified on an RP18 column chromatography and identified by HPLC‐ESI‐MS as 2,4,5‐trihydroxybenzaldehyde, 2,5‐dihydroxybenzaldehyde, vanillic acid, xylosylvitexin, glucopyranosyl‐glucopyrasyl‐rhamnetin and glucopyranosyl‐xylosyl‐rhamnetin. All of them were tested for cytostatic and cytotoxic activity on RKO and HF cells.Results – Xylosylvitexin exhibited the strongest antiproliferative activity on RKO cells, together with an enhancement of the apoptosis, an increase of cells in the G1 phase and a reduction of cells in the S phase; on the contrary, the proliferation of HF was significantly stimulated.Conclusion – Xylosylvitexin is the main and more efficient chemopreventive compound in BV seeds, but the natural cocktail of molecules, represented by P4 fraction, showed a better compromise between the antiproliferative activity on RKO cells and the enhancement of HF proliferation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A combination of ultrasonic‐assisted extraction with RRLC‐QQQ method for the determination of artemisinin in the Chinese herb Artemisia annua L.
Authors: Wang Xiao , Zhao Xian‐en , Yang Bin , Dong Hongjing , Liu Dahui , Huang Luqi 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIntroduction – Artemisinin, the primary active ingredient of the Chinese herb Artemisia annua L., is known to have considerable anti‐malaria properties. However, rapid, sensitive and selective method for the determination of artemisinin in it is not currently available.Objective – To develop and validate an efficient method for extraction and analysis of artemisinin from the plant samples of Artemisia annua L. by rapid resolution liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (RRLC‐QQQ).Methodology – Following ultrasound‐assisted extraction (USE), RRLC‐QQQ was utilised to separate and determine artemisinin from the plant sample of Artemisia annua L. The LC separation, QQQ‐MS detection and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode were optimised, and the method validation concluding selectivity, calibration, accuracy and precision, and recovery were also evaluated.Results – LC separation was performed with an isocratic elution of 20% of methanol–water (10 mmol/L ammonium acetate, pH 4.0) on a C18 column. The triple quadrupole MS detection was carried out under MRM mode of precursor ion [M + H]+ → fragment ions m/z 265.1 and m/z 247.2. The limits of detection and quantitation of artemisinin were 0.20 and 0.75 ng/mL, respectively. The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions did not exceed 3.71%, and the deviation of the intra‐ and inter‐day mean values did not exceed ±7.50. The average recoveries for artemisinin ranged from 92.45 to 103.8% with an RSD from 2.47 to 2.79%.Conclusion – The developed RRLC‐QQQ assay is an efficient method for separation and determination of artemisinin from the plant samples of Artemisia annua L. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rapid screening of lignans from Phyllanthus myrtifolius and stilbenoids from Syagrus romanzoffiana by HPLC‐SPE‐NMR
Authors: Wang Chen‐Yu , Lam Sio‐Hong , Tseng Li‐Hong , Lee Shoei‐Sheng 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIntroduction – Application of on‐line solid‐phase extraction (SPE) as an interface between HPLC and NMR has gained great improvement in solving sensitivity problems and signal interferences by the eluents.Objective – Rapid analysis and characterisation by HPLC‐SPE‐NMR and LC/MS of the arylnaphthalene‐type lignans present in Phyllanthus myrtifolius and the minor stilbenoids present in the polyphenol‐rich fraction from the ethanol extract of the seeds of Syagrus romanzoffiana.Methodology – Pretreatment of fractions by liquid–liquid partitioning, followed by Sephadex LH‐20 fractionation, was found very useful to facilitate the focusing and analysis of the polyphenolic fraction. HPLC‐DAD‐SPE‐NMR (400 MHz and 600 MHz) analysis was carried out using an Agilent 1100 liquid chromatography, followed by a Prospekt 2 automated solid‐phase extraction unit, containing 96 HySphere‐Resin GP cartridges (10 × 2 mm, 10–12 µm), which was connected to a 120 or 60 µL LC probe.Results – Seven arylnaphthalene‐type lignans from the chloroform‐soluble fraction of P. myrtifolius and nine stilbenoids from a polyphenol‐rich butanol‐soluble fraction of the seeds of S. romanzoffiana were characterised.Conclusion – HPLC‐SPE‐NMR associated with HR‐ESI/MS, which consumed only analytical amounts of partially purified mixtures, was demonstrated to be a good tool for rapid screening of both known and new natural products. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation and properties of polypropylene‐based nanocomposite films for food packaging
Authors: Manikantan M. R. , Varadharaju N. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractPackaging of foods in high barrier and strong materials is essential to attain food safety, and nanocomposite technology leads in search of the above kind of packaging material. The effect of compatibilizer (1.6, 5, 10, 15 and 18.4%), nanoclay (0.6, 2, 4, 6 and 7.4%) and thickness of film (35, 50, 75 100 and 120 µm) on oxygen transmission rate (OTR), water vapour transmission rate (WVTR), tensile strength and per cent elongation of polypropylene (PP)‐based nanocomposite films was studied using response surface methodology. The maximum reduction in OTR of PP‐based nanocomposite films over the control was 21.4% in treatment having 10% compatibilizer, 4% nanoclay and 120 µm thickness. A maximum of 28.1% reduction in WVTR for the treatment with 5% compatibilizer, 2% nanoclay and 100 µm thickness over the control was achieved. The regression models were developed for the prediction of OTR and WVTR of nanocomposite films. The maximum increase in the tensile strength of PP‐based nanocomposite films over the corresponding control was 71.7%. The elongation percentage of nanocomposite films was less than the control and increased with increase of thickness of film and decrease of both nanoclay and compatibilizer. Treatment having 5% compatibilizer, 2% nanoclay and 100 µm thickness of nanocomposite films showed better barrier and strength characteristics than other treatments. This paper helps to design the packaging films according to the requirement of foods to be stored using the developed regression models. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Receptor Mediated Elevation in FABP4 Levels by Advanced Glycation End Products Induces Cholesterol and Triacylglycerol Accumulation in THP‐1 Macrophages
Authors: Wang Xiao Qun , Yang Ke , He Yu Song , Lu Lin , Shen Wei Feng 
Published: February 2011

AbstractExcessive formation of advanced glycation end products (AGE) and lipid accumulation in macrophages play a pivotal role in the progression of atherosclerosis in diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to determine the molecular link between AGE‐induced fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) expression and macrophage lipid accumulation. AGE–BSA markedly increased macrophage FABP4 expression via engagement of RAGE, a 35‐kDa transmembrane receptor that is able to bind extracellular AGE and responsible for the corresponding signal transduction, whereas knockdown of RAGE significantly reversed the FABP4 up‐regulation. This effect was further paralleled with elevated intracellular total cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels. Finally, administration of FABP4 inhibitor totally abolished the increased lipid contents in response to AGE–BSA. These results indicate that FABP4 up‐regulation is responsible for the enhanced macrophage lipid accumulation by AGE, which may underlie the accelerated formation of foam cells and development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases in diabetic patients.
Differential effects of nutritional folic acid deficiency and moderate hyperhomocysteinemia on aortic plaque formation and genome-wide DNA methylation in vascular tissue from ApoE-/- mice
Authors: McNeil Chris J. , Beattie John H. , Gordon M-J , Pirie Lynn P. , Duthie Susan J. 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Low folate intake is associated with vascular disease. Causality has been attributed to hyperhomocysteinemia. However, human intervention trials have failed to show the benefit of homocysteine-lowering therapies. Alternatively, low folate may promote vascular disease by deregulating DNA methylation. We investigated whether folate could alter DNA methylation and atherosclerosis in ApoE null mice. Mice were fed one of six diets (n = 20 per group) for 16 weeks. Basal diets were either control (C; 4% lard) or high fat (HF; 21% lard and cholesterol, 0.15%) with different B-vitamin compositions: (1) folic acid and B-vitamin replete, (2) folic acid deficient (−F), (3) folic acid, B6 and B12 deficient (−F−B). −F diets decreased plasma (up to 85%; P < 0.05), whole blood (up to 70%; P < 0.05), and liver folate (up to 65%; P < 0.05) and hepatic SAM/SAH (up to 80%; P < 0.05). −F−B diets reduced plasma (up to 76%; P < 0.05), whole blood (up to 72%; P < 0.05), and liver B12 (up to 39%; P < 0.05) and hepatic SAM/SAH (up to 90%; P < 0.05). −F increased homocysteine 2-fold, while −F−B increased homocysteine 3.6- and 6.8-fold in the C and HF groups (P < 0.05). Plaque formation was increased 2-fold (P < 0.0001) in mice fed a HF diet. Feeding a HF–F diet increased lesion formation by 17% (P < 0.05). There was no change in 5-methyldeoxycytidine in liver or vascular tissue (aorta, periadventitial tissue and heart). These data suggest that atherogenesis is not associated with genome-wide epigenetic changes in this animal model.
Bullying and discrimination experiences among Korean‐American adolescents
Authors: Shin Jin Y. , D'Antonio Emily , Son Haein , Kim Seong‐A. , Park Yeddi 
Published: February 2011

ABSTRACTThe bullying experiences of Korean‐American adolescents (N = 295) were explored in relation to discrimination and mental health outcomes. Bullying experiences were assessed by the Bully Survey (Swearer, 2005), discrimination by the Perceived Ethnic and Racial Discrimination Scale (Way, 1997) and depression by the Center for Epidemiological Studies – Depression Scale (CES‐D). Those who reported being bullied (31.5%) as well as those who reported both being bullied and bullying others (15.9%) experienced a higher level of depression, which was elevated beyond the clinically significant level of CES‐D. The results of a LISREL model suggest that the experiences of bullying among Korean/Asian‐American adolescents and their related mental health issues need to be addressed in a comprehensive context of their discrimination experiences, acculturation, family and school environments.
Hypertrophy and neuron loss: structural changes in sheep SCG induced by unilateral sympathectomy
Authors: Fioretto Emerson T. , Rahal Sheila C. , Borges Alexandre S. , Mayhew Terry M. , Nyengaard Jens R. , Marcondes Julio S. , de Carvalho Balieiro Júlio C. , Teixeira Carlos R. , de Melo Mariana P. , Lobo Ladd Fernando V. , Lobo Ladd Aliny A.B. , de Lima Ana R. , da Silva Andrea A.P. , Coppi Antonio A. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractRecently, superior cervical ganglionectomy has been performed to investigate a variety of scientific topics from regulation of intraocular pressure to suppression of lingual tumour growth. Despite these recent advances in our understanding of the functional mechanisms underlying superior cervical ganglion (SCG) growth and development after surgical ablation, there still exists a need for information concerning the quantitative nature of the relationships between the removed SCG and its remaining contralateral ganglion and between the remaining SCG and its modified innervation territory. To this end, using design‐based stereological methods, we have investigated the structural changes induced by unilateral ganglionectomy in sheep at three distinct timepoints (2, 7 and 12 weeks) after surgery. The effects of time, and lateral (left‐right) differences, were examined by two‐way analyses of variance and paired t‐tests. Following removal of the left SCG, the main findings were: (i) the remaining right SCG was bigger at shorter survival times, i.e. 74% at 2 weeks, 55% at 7 weeks and no increase by 12 weeks, (ii) by 7 weeks after surgery, the right SCG contained fewer neurons (no decrease at 2 weeks, 6% fewer by 7 weeks and 17% fewer by 12 weeks) and (iii) by 7 weeks, right SCG neurons were also larger and the magnitude of this increase grew substantially with time (no rise at 2 weeks, 77% by 7 weeks and 215% by 12 weeks). Interaction effects between time and ganglionectomy‐induced changes were significant for SCG volume and mean perikaryal volume. These findings show that unilateral superior cervical ganglionectomy has profound effects on the contralateral ganglion. For future investigations, it would be interesting to examine the interaction between SCGs and their innervation targets after ganglionectomy. Is the ganglionectomy‐induced imbalance between the sizes of innervation territories the milieu in which morphoquantitative changes, particularly changes in perikaryal volume and neuron number, occur? Mechanistically, how would those changes arise? Are there any grounds for believing in a ganglionectomy‐triggered SCG cross‐innervation and neuroplasticity?
In silico identification of new candidate genes for hereditary congenital facial paresis
Authors: Tomás‐Roca Laura , Pérez‐Aytés Antonio , Puelles Luis , Marín Faustino 
Published: February 2011

AbstractHereditary congenital facial paresis (HCFP) consists of the paralysis or weakness of facial muscles caused by a maldevelopment of the facial branchiomotor (FBM) nucleus and its nerve. Linkage analyses have related this disorder to two loci, HCFP1 and HCFP2, placed respectively in human chromosomes 3q21.2‐q22.1 and 10q21.3‐q22.1, but the causative genes are still unknown. In this work we aimed to identify which genes from these loci are expressed in the developing hindbrain and particularly in the FBM nucleus. To this end, we retrieved from the ENSEMBL genomic database the list of these genes as well as their respective mouse orthologs. Subsequently we examined their respective expression patterns in the mouse embryo by using the GenePaint gene expression database. As a result of this screening, we found a new gene (Mgll) from the HCFP1 locus that has strong and specific expression in the developing FBM nucleus. In its turn, the HCFP2 locus appeared as a large gene‐desert region, flanked by two genes, Reep3, with specific expression in the FBM nucleus, and Lrrtm3, broadly expressed in the brainstem, including the same nucleus. The concurrence of genomic position and neural expression pattern makes these genes new potential candidates for HCFP.