bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute ST changes during anesthesia induction 10 months after norwood procedure
Authors: Hill James A. , Qureshi Athar M. , Latson Larry A. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAfter the Norwood procedure for palliation of hypoplastic left heart syndrome, there is still significant interstage and late mortality with often unclear etiology. An important, but possibly under‐recognized complication of the Norwood operation is the potential for coronary insufficiency from pre‐coronary stenosis due to kinking or scarring at the anastomosis between the native and neo‐aorta. We report a case of a clinically thriving 10‐month old infant status post bidirectional Glenn who had acute ischemic changes on electrocardiogram (ECG) during induction of anesthesia for elective bilateral herniorrhaphy. A discrete narrowing in the native aorta to neo‐aorta anastomosis was identified. A stent was placed emergently to restore adequate coronary blood flow after failure of simple angioplasty to adequately improve the stenosis. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sanierung historischer Fassaden
Authors: Steinbrecher Michael 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIm Rahmen eines Forschungsprojekts wurde die Ausführungspraxis bei der Sanierung und Instandsetzung von Putzfassaden analysiert. Der Schwerpunkt der Untersuchung lag im Bereich der Sanierung von denkmalgeschützten Fassaden historischer Objekte in Wien. Ergänzend wurden Gutachten über Schadensfälle an Putzfassaden ausgewertet.Reconstruction of historic façads. In the context of a research project the execution of construction work by reconstruction and maintenance of plastered façades was analysed. The main focus of the examination was located in the field of reconstruction listed façades historic buildings in Vienna. Furthermore expertises about cases of damages of plastered façades were evaluated.
Nachhaltige Sanierung von Natursteinmauerwerk und Natursteinkonstruktionen
Authors: Kolbitsch Andreas 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBei der Untersuchung und Ertüchtigung von Bestandsobjekten der Bauphasen bis 1900 ist man häufig mit tragenden Konstruktionselementen aus Natursteinmauerwerk, im Bereich von Denkmälern mit reinen Natursteinkonstruktionen beschäftigt.Während für konventionelles Bestandsmauerwerk aus gebrannten Ziegeln in den letzten Jahren fundierte Bewertungsregeln auch unter Berücksichtigung von Erdbebeneinwirkung erstellt werden konnten, besteht für Natursteinkonstruktionen noch ein erheblicher Untersuchungs‐ und Entwicklungsbedarf.Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden neben einer kurzen Charakteristik der Materialien und Konstruktionen aktuelle Untersuchungsmethoden zur Bestandsbewertung und Ertüchtigungsansätze vorgestellt.Sustainable refurbishment of natural stone masonry and natural stone constructions. In the course of investigation and refurbishing of building elements of construction phases till 1900 one is frequently occupied with loadbearing natural stone masonry, in the field of monuments with pure natural stone constructions.During the last years calculation rules for existing masonry constructions have been developed even under the effect of earthquake. Concerning natural stone constructions there is still a considerable need for investigation and calculation methods.The following contribution deals with the typical material and mechanical properties of natural stone constructions and presents some methods for investigation and refurbishment.
Little and large: body size and genetic clines in a New Zealand gecko (Woodworthia maculata) along a coastal transect
Authors: Fitness Josephine , Hitchmough Rodney A. , Morgan‐Richards Mary 
Published: December 2011

AbstractClinal variation can result from primary differentiation or secondary contact and determining which of these two processes is responsible for the existence of a cline is not a trivial problem. Samples from a coastal transect of New Zealand geckos (Woodworthia maculata) identified for the first time a body size cline 7–10 km wide. The larger geckos are almost twice the mass of the small adult geckos. Clines in allele and haplotype frequency were found at two of the four genetic loci examined. Estimated width of the morphological cline was concordant with neither the narrower mtDNA cline (3–7 m) nor the wider nuclear cline (RAG‐2; 34–42 km), and cline centers were not coincident. Although the body size cline is narrow compared to the entire range of the species, it is 2–3 orders of magnitude greater than estimates of dispersal distance per generation for these geckos. No evidence of assortative mating, nor of hybrid disadvantage was identified, thus there is little evidence to infer that endogenous selection is maintaining a hybrid zone. We cannot distinguish secondary contact from primary origin of this body size cline but conclude that secondary contact is likely due to the occurrence of mtDNA haplotypes from three distinct clades within the coastal transect and the presence of two frequency clines within this region.
Synthesis and Structure of Lead(II) Complexes of (η6‐Benzenecarboxylato)tricarbonylchromium
Authors: Murugesapandian Balasubramanian , Roesky Peter W. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractTreatment of (η6‐benzoic acid)tricarbonylchromium withlead(II) acetate in the presence of trans‐1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethene (bpe) afforded the one‐dimensional coordination polymer [Pb{(η6‐C6H5COO)Cr(CO)3}2bpe]n (1). In contrast, the reaction of (η6‐benzoic acid)tricarbonylchromium with lead(II) acetate in the presence of 1,10‐phenanthroline (1,10‐phen) or 2,2′‐bipyridine (2,2′‐bipy) gave the lead(II) compounds [Pb{(η6‐C6H5COO)Cr(CO)3}2(1,10‐phen)] (2) and [Pb{(η6‐C6H5COO)Cr(CO)3}2(2,2′‐bipy)] (3). The solid‐state structures of all compounds were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction.
Menstrual cycle‐related changes in amygdala morphology are associated with changes in stress sensitivity
Authors: Ossewaarde Lindsey , van Wingen Guido A. , Rijpkema Mark , Bäckström Torbjörn , Hermans Erno J. , Fernández Guillén 
Published: December 2011

AbstractPremenstrual increases in negative mood are thought to arise from changes in gonadal hormone levels, presumably by influencing mood regulation and stress sensitivity. The amygdala plays a major role in this context, and animal studies suggest that gonadal hormones influence its morphology. Here, we investigated whether amygdala morphology changes over the menstrual cycle and whether this change explains differences in stress sensitivity. Twenty‐eight young healthy women were investigated once during the premenstrual phase and once during the late follicular phase. T1‐weighted anatomical images of the brain were acquired using magnetic resonance imaging and analyzed with optimized voxel‐based morphometry. To measure mood regulation and stress sensitivity, negative affect was assessed after viewing strongly aversive as well as neutral movie clips. Our results show increased gray matter volume in the dorsal part of the left amygdala during the premenstrual phase when compared with the late follicular phase. This volume increase was positively correlated with the premenstrual increase in stress‐induced negative affect. This is the first study showing structural plasticity of the amygdala in humans at the macroscopic level that is associated with both endogenous gonadal hormone fluctuations and stress sensitivity. These results correspond with animal findings of gonadal hormone‐mediated neural plasticity in the amygdala and have implications for understanding the pathogenesis of specific mood disorders associated with hormonal fluctuations. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hippocampal lesions can enhance discrimination learning despite normal sensitivity to interference from incidental information
Authors: Sanderson David J. , Rawlins J. Nicholas P. , Deacon Robert M. J. , Cunningham Colm , Barkus Chris , Bannerman David M. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractSpatial properties of stimuli are sometimes encoded even when incidental to the demands of a particular learning task. Incidental encoding of spatial information may interfere with learning by (i) causing a failure to generalize learning between trials in which a cue is presented in different spatial locations and (ii) adding common spatial features to stimuli that predict different outcomes. Hippocampal lesions have been found to facilitate acquisition of certain tasks. This facilitation may occur because hippocampal lesions impair incidental encoding of spatial information that interferes with learning. To test this prediction mice with lesions of the hippocampus were trained on appetitive simple simultaneous discrimination tasks using inserts in the goal arms of a T‐maze. It was found that hippocampal lesioned mice were facilitated at learning the discriminations, but they were sensitive to changes in spatial information in a manner that was similar to control mice. In a second experiment it was found that both control and hippocampal lesioned mice showed equivalent incidental encoding of egocentric spatial properties of the inserts, but both groups did not encode the allocentric information. These results demonstrate that mice show incidental encoding of egocentric spatial information that decreases the ability to solve simultaneous discrimination tasks. The normal egocentric spatial encoding in hippocampal lesioned mice contradicts theories of hippocampal function that suggest that the hippocampus is necessary for incidental learning per se, or is required for modulating stimulus representations based on the relevancy of information. The facilitated learning suggests that the hippocampal lesions can enhance learning of the same qualitative information as acquired by control mice. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
‘Click Synthesis’ of 1H‐1,2,3‐Triazolyl‐Based Oxiconazole (=(1Z)‐1‐(2,4‐Dichlorophenyl)‐2‐(1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)ethanone O‐[(2,4‐Dichlorophenyl)methyl]oxime) Analogs
Authors: Soltani Rad Mohammad Navid , Asrari Zeinab , Behrouz Somayeh , Hakimelahi Gholam Hossein , Khalafi‐Nezhad Ali 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe ‘click synthesis’ of some oxiconazole analogs 5a–5v having 1H‐1,2,3‐triazolyl residues by Huisgen cycloaddition was achieved in four steps (Scheme 1). Oximation of phenacyl chloride (1) followed by azidation of 2‐chloro‐1‐phenylethanone oxime (2) provided azido ketoxime 3. The CuI‐catalyzed Huisgen cycloaddition of 3 with terminal alkynes gave the 4‐substituted (at the triazole) 2‐(1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐1‐yl)‐1‐phenylethanone oximes 4a–4i. The O‐alkylation of 4a–4i with various alkyl halides resulted in the formation of the target molecules 5a–5v in good yields.
New and Bioactive Sesquiterpenes from Schisandra sphenanthera
Authors: Mendbayar Khongorzul , Lo I‐Wen , Liaw Chia‐Ching , Lin Yu‐Chi , Fazary Ahmed E. , Kuo Yuh‐Chi , Wang Hsiu‐Ju , Chiang Been Huang , Liou Shorong‐Shii , Shen Ya‐Ching 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThree new sesquiterpenes, schisansphenins A (1) and B (2) and (−)‐γ‐cuparenol (3), were isolated from an acetone extract of the fruits of Schisandra sphenanthera. The known compound 4 was isolated for the frist time from a natural source. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analyses, particularly 2D‐NMR experiments (1H,1H‐COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and NOESY). A plausible biogenetic pathway for schisansphenin B (2) is proposed. Compounds 2 and 3 significantly reduced activation of NF‐AT and NF‐κB in the luciferase‐reporter assay.
Synthesis and Mechanistic Study of Steroidal Oxime Ethers
Authors: Sharma Kamlesh , Mishra Shivani B. , Mishra Ajay K. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractReaction of 5α‐cholestan‐6‐one oxime (1), its 3β‐acetoxy and 3β‐chloro analogs, 2 and 3, respectiveley, with ClCH2CH2NH2⋅HCl in presence of MeONa afforded 6‐[(2‐aminoethoxy)imino]‐5α‐cholestane (4), 3β‐acetoxy‐6‐[(2‐aminoethoxy)imino]‐5α‐cholestane (5), and 6‐[(2‐aminoethoxy)imino]‐3β‐chloro‐5α‐cholestane (6), respectively. The structures of newly synthesized compounds have been established on the basis of physical, analytical, and spectral data. Theoretical calculations were assessed by using DFT at B3LYP/6‐31G* level to describe the mechanism of the reaction. The stability and feasibility of all the generated structures studied in this report were supported by their respective fundamental frequencies and energy minima.
Growth and endothelial differentiation of adipose stem cells on polycaprolactone
Authors: Marino Gerardo , Rosso Francesco , Ferdinando Papale , Grimaldi Anna , De Biasio Gilda , Cafiero Gennaro , Barbarisi Manlio , Barbarisi Alfonso 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAdipose tissue is a readily available source of multipotent adult stem cells for use in tissue engineering/regenerative medicine. Various growth factors have been used to stimulate acquisition of endothelial characteristics by adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSC). Herein, we study the growth and endothelial differentiation potential of ADSC seeded onto a porous polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold. The objective of this study is to demonstrate that PCL is a good material to be used as a scaffold to support reconstruction of new endothelial tissue using adipose stem cells. We found that undifferentiated ADSC adhere and grow on PCL. We show that, after culture in endothelial differentiation medium, ADSC were positive to LDL uptake and expressed molecular markers characteristic of endothelial cells (CD31; eNOS and vWF). In addition, our study defines the time required for the differentiation of ADSC directly onto PCL. This study suggests that PCL can be used as a scaffold to generate endothelial tissue in vitro. PLC has excellent mechanical properties and a slow degradation rate. Moreover, based on our results, we propose that PCL could be used to graft scaffolds coated with endothelial cells derived from ADSC stem cells. Endothelial cells‐coated PCL could find several applications to replace damaged area of the body; for example, a possible use could be the generation of vascular grafts. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2012.
Multiwfn: A multifunctional wavefunction analyzer
Authors: Lu Tian , Chen Feiwu 
Published: December 2011

AbstractMultiwfn is a multifunctional program for wavefunction analysis. Its main functions are: (1) Calculating and visualizing real space function, such as electrostatic potential and electron localization function at point, in a line, in a plane or in a spatial scope. (2) Population analysis. (3) Bond order analysis. (4) Orbital composition analysis. (5) Plot density‐of‐states and spectrum. (6) Topology analysis for electron density. Some other useful utilities involved in quantum chemistry studies are also provided. The built‐in graph module enables the results of wavefunction analysis to be plotted directly or exported to high‐quality graphic file. The program interface is very user‐friendly and suitable for both research and teaching purpose. The code of Multiwfn is substantially optimized and parallelized. Its efficiency is demonstrated to be significantly higher than related programs with the same functions. Five practical examples involving a wide variety of systems and analysis methods are given to illustrate the usefulness of Multiwfn. The program is free of charge and open‐source. Its precompiled file and source codes are available from http://multiwfn.codeplex.com. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011
Traits and evolution of wing venation pattern in paraneopteran insects
Authors: Nel André , Prokop Jakub , Nel Patricia , Grandcolas Philippe , Huang Di‐Ying , Roques Patrick , Guilbert Eric , Dostál Ondřej , Szwedo Jacek 
Published: December 2011

AbstractTwo different patterns of wing venation are currently supposed to be present in each of the three orders of Paraneoptera. This is unlikely compared with the situation in other insects where only one pattern exists per order. We propose for all Paraneoptera a new and unique interpretation of wing venation pattern, assuming that the convex cubitus anterior gets fused with the common stem of median and radial veins at or very near to wing base, after separation from concave cubitus posterior, and re‐emerges more distally from R + M stem. Thereafter, the vein between concave cubitus posterior and CuA is a specialized crossvein called “cua‐cup,” proximally concave and distally convex. We show that despite some variations, that is, cua‐cup can vary from absent to hypertrophic; CuA can re‐emerge together with M or not, or even completely disappear, this new interpretation explains all situations among all fossil and recent paraneopteran lineages. We propose that the characters “CuA fused in a common stem with R and M”and “presence of specialized crossvein cua‐cup” are venation apomorphies that support the monophyly of the Paraneoptera. In the light of these characters, we reinterpret several Palaeozoic and early Mesozoic fossils that were ascribed to Paraneoptera, and confirm the attribution of several to this superorder as well as possible attribution of Zygopsocidae (Zygopsocus permianusTillyard, 1935) as oldest Psocodea. We discuss the situation in extinct Hypoperlida and Miomoptera, suggesting that both orders could well be polyphyletic, with taxa related to Archaeorthoptera, Paraneoptera, or even Holometabola. The Carboniferous Protoprosbolidae is resurrected and retransferred into the Paraneoptera. The genusLithoscytinais restored. The miomopteranEodelopterumpriscumSchmidt, 1962 is newly revised and considered as a fern pinnule. In addition, the new paraneopteranBruayaphis oudardigen. nov. et sp. nov. is described fromthe Upper Carboniferous of France (see Supporting Information). J. Morphol., 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Influence of conservation reserve program mid‐contract management and landscape composition on northern bobwhite in tall fescue monocultures
Authors: Osborne Douglas C. , Sparling Donald W. , Hopkins Robert L. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) authorized mid‐contract management (MCM) in 2004 to restore and maintain plant species composition and structural diversity in aging Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) fields for the northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) and other grassland‐dependent wildlife. We implemented 3 USDA‐approved MCM regimes (i.e., strip disking, strip glyphosate spraying, and strip glyphosate spraying in combination with legume interseeding) in 60 tall fescue (Festuca arundinaceae) CRP monocultures in south‐central Illinois, USA, during 2005–2008. We hypothesized that adult bobwhite relative densities and brood presence would increase following MCM that effectively restored early successional plant communities in otherwise monotypic stands of tall fescue. We estimated annual adult bobwhite relative densities and brood presence‐absence in managed and unmanaged CRP. We modeled vegetation characteristics and landscape composition to identify factors influencing adult densities and brood presence. Adult relative densities were 2‐fold greater in managed fields than in unmanaged fields, and were negatively correlated with greater percentages of grass cover. Adult densities were positively correlated with greater plant species diversity, and greater percentages of bare ground and legume cover. Logistic regression and odds ratio estimates indicated that fields managed with glyphosate‐interseed and glyphosate treatments were 39.6% more likely to have broods than unmanaged CRP, whereas disked fields were 10.0% more likely than unmanaged CRP. These models indicated that the probability of brood presence was greater in fields with increased percentage of bare ground, greater plant species diversity, and decreased percentage of grass and litter cover. These findings suggest that a 3‐year rotation of glyphosate or glyphosate‐interseed treatments can enhance habitat conditions for adult bobwhites and broods in CRP tall fescue monocultures. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
A simple isotropic phantom for diffusional kurtosis imaging
Authors: Fieremans Els , Pires Antonio , Jensen Jens H. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDairy cream is shown to be a simple, inexpensive, isotropic phantom useful for testing diffusional kurtosis imaging data acquisition and postprocessing. The MR‐visible protons of cream exhibit slow and fast diffusion components, attributed to the fat and water protons, respectively, which give rise to a diffusion coefficient of 1.1 μm2/ms and a diffusional kurtosis of 1.2. These parameter values are similar to those observed in vivo for human brain. Heating the cream is found to increase the T2‐relaxation time of the fat protons, which facilitates the evaluation of typical diffusional kurtosis imaging protocols used in clinical settings. The diffusion coefficient and diffusional kurtosis can both be measured directly and predicted based on the corresponding diffusion parameters of the individual water and fat components, which are independently measurable due to chemical shift misregistration, thus providing an important consistency check. This phantom is proposed as a convenient calibration standard for multicenter diffusional kurtosis imaging studies. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparisons of multi b‐value DWI signal analysis with pathological specimen of breast cancer
Authors: Tamura Takayuki , Usui Shuji , Murakami Shigeru , Arihiro Koji , Fujimoto Takashi , Yamada Tamaki , Naito Kumiko , Akiyama Mitoshi 
Published: December 2011

AbstractPrevious studies have reported that the signal attenuation of diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging for tumor tissues displays a non‐monoexponential biexponential decay, and the apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) can be divided into a fast and slow diffusion component by using a simple biexponential decay model. The purpose of this study is to examine the non‐monoexponential character of the diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging signal attenuations of breast cancers, estimate the fast and slow diffusion components, and compare them with the extra‐ and intracellular component information obtained from the pathological specimens. Twenty‐two subjects having breast cancers underwent diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging using six b‐values up to 3500 s/mm2 and the signal attenuations were analyzed using the biexponential function. The derived slow component fraction correlated with the cellular fraction and the ADCs converged to 0.2−0.3 × 10−3 mm2/s for the higher cellular fractions. The ADCs of the fast component ranged from 1.3 to 3.9 × 10−3 mm2/s and showed no correlation with the extracellular components. This result suggests that the main reason for the decreasing ADC of a breast tumor is the decreasing fraction of the fast component and the increasing fraction of the slow component having a low ADC rather than the decreasing ADC of the fast component by the restricted water diffusion in the reduced extracellular spaces. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reduced exciton binding energy in organic semiconductors: Tailoring the Coulomb interaction
Authors: Engel Miriam , Kunze Frederik , Lupascu Doru C. , Benson Niels , Schmechel Roland 
Published: December 2011

AbstractFor organic photovoltaics (OPV) the maximum in obtainable power conversion efficiency is limited by a low semiconductor permittivity and the resulting enhanced Coulomb interaction (CI). This, however, is an aspect rarely addressed in the OPV development. Here, a concept is introduced which allows a reduced CI in organic semiconductors. This is the result of a device structure, which upon exciton formation forces part of the electric field between complementary charges through a high‐kmaterial, resulting in partial field screening and as such a reduced CI. The feasibility of this concept is substantiated by an investigation on the exciton separation efficiency in pentacene devices. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)