bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical success factors for corporate social responsibility: a public sector perspective
Authors: Sangle Shirish 
Published: June 2009

AbstractManagers in the public sector consider corporate social responsibility (CSR) as strategically important for their organizations. A positive correlation between CSR and financial performance is well established in the literature. However, little research has been done to understand which factors lead to the positive correlation between CSR and business performance. This study aims to empirically analyze critical success factors (CSFs) for CSR in the Indian public sector. It seeks to evaluate the factors that make CSR successful. The research results show that ability to integrate CSR with other functional strategies is the most critical success factor for CSR. Other critical success factors are ability to manage stakeholder groups, ability to evaluate benefits of CSR and top management support. Based on the research findings, the study proposes some important managerial implications with respect to CSFs for CSR. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Managing corporate citizenship: a new tool for companies
Authors: Veleva Vesela R. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIn today's global economic downturn, identifying a company's strengths and weaknesses for better aligning resources and strategies, is becoming more important than ever. Organizations that look at corporate citizenship as a critical part of business for providing new market opportunities, reducing risk, or improving reputation, are making greater efforts to assess their strengths and weaknesses to better prioritize resources and actions. Having the appropriate tools with which to do so is vital. This paper discusses the challenges of corporate citizenship management and outlines key findings and lessons learned from piloting a new assessment tool for companies. It presents two examples of how companies have used the tool to advance their corporate citizenship efforts. Finally, it summarizes key findings about ‘gaps’ and ‘strengths’ in corporate citizenship management today and provides recommendations for further research. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Detection of intracellular ADAMTS13, a secreted zinc‐metalloprotease, via flow cytometry
Authors: Geetha S. , Allen Courtni E. , Hunt Ryan C. , Plum Elizabeth , Garfield Susan , Friedman Scott L. , Soejima Kenji , Sauna Zuben E. , Kimchi‐Sarfaty Chava 
Published: June 2009

AbstractADAMTS13 is a secreted metalloprotease that cleaves von Willebrand Factor multimers in order to maintain proper homeostasis. A severe deficiency in ADAMTS13 triggers a disorder known as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. At present, ADAMTS13 expression levels are determined by immunoblotting. We established a flow cytometry methodology to detect intracellular ADAMTS13 in liver and kidney cells using a polyclonal antibody, BL154G, and several monoclonal antibodies previously used to detect ADAMTS13 by immunoblotting. The results were validated using confocal microscopy, immunoblotting, and an activity assay (FRETS‐VWF73). We show that labeling ADAMTS13 with specific antibodies and detection by flow cytometry yields results that are comparable with previously established methods for ADAMTS13 detection. Specifically, we compared the endogenous expression levels of ADAMTS13 in various liver cell lines using flow cytometry and obtained results that parallel immunoblot analysis. Knockdown of ADAMTS13 expression via targeted siRNA resulted in significantly reduced median signal, displaying the sensitivity of this detection method. A further analysis of reliability and specificity was achieved through plasmid DNA and transfection reagent dose response studies. The flow cytometry method described here is useful in determining the expression of both endogenous and recombinant forms of intracellular ADAMTS13. Flow cytometry is a convenient, efficient, and cost‐effective way to measure the expression levels of ADAMTS13. Published 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Oncocytic variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Lee John , Hasteh Farnaz 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIdentification of Hürthle cells on fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) of the thyroid leads to a wide differential diagnosis including benignand malignant entities. We report the cytological and histological findings of a patient with an oncocytic variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with concurrent Hashimoto's thyroiditis. FNA revealed a lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with Hürthle cells demonstrating abnormal chromatin patterns, nuclear enlargement, pleomorphism, intranuclear cytoplasmic invaginations, and foci of papillary aggregates. Because of the degree of nuclear atypia and suspicion for concurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma, a total thyroidectomy was performed revealing a papillary arrangement of Hürthle cells with classic PTC nuclear changes and associated Hashimoto's thyroiditis. This report discusses cytopathological features of a rare variant of PTC (oncocytic subtype) in the background of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. We also briefly discuss the differential diagnosis and diagnostic pitfalls of Hürthle cell lesions, with a review of the literature. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Unusual microbial organisms seen in two cervical smears
Authors: Brimo Fadi , Ouad Lydiai , Brodeur Julie , Charbonneau Michele , Auger Manon 
Published: June 2009

AbstractVery infrequently, unusual microbial organisms are encountered in routine cervical Pap tests. We herein report two such cases in two asymptomatic women. Case 1. A Pap smear of a 16‐year‐old‐female showed rare glandular cells with cytologic features consistent with Cytomegalovirus infection. Case 2. A Pap smear of a 36‐year‐old female exhibited rare fungal organisms characterized by thin septate hyphae branching into secondary branches (metulae) which carried multiple flask‐shaped philiades most consistent with Penicillium species that were “most likely representing contamination.” We discuss the cytomorphological features and the differential diagnosis and provide a brief review of the literature on these topics. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine‐needle aspiration of dedifferentiated acinic cell carcinoma: Report of a case with cyto‐histological correlation
Authors: Johnykutty Sharlin , Miller Chase Henderson , Hoda Rana S. , Giampoli Ellen J. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractDedifferentiated Acinic Cell Carcinoma (DAcCC) is a rare salivary gland malignancy. It has a high tendency to recur and metastasize and thus has a poor prognosis. So far, to our knowledge, only one case of DAcCC has been reported in the cytology literature. Herein, we describe a second case of DAcCC from a fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) along with its subsequent histological correlation. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions—An extremely unusual finding in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma: Report of a case diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy
Authors: Kumar Surendra , Siddaraju Neelaiah , Singh Neha , Basu Debdatta , Srinivasan Renuka 
Published: June 2009

AbstractEmbryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) is one of the commonest childhood tumors that usually presents as a small round cell tumor (SRCT). We report a case of an ERMS expressing frequent and prominent intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions (INCIs). Our patient was a 3‐year‐old female child who presented with proptosis of the left eye with left sided cervical lymphadenopathy. Fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) smears from both the orbital lesion and the cervical lymph nodes were cellular with features of a small round cell tumor (SRCT). The most striking cytologic feature observed was the presence of frequent and highly prominent INCIs. Despite the diagnostic dilemma caused by this unusual finding, a differential diagnosis of peripheral neurectodermal tumor (PNET) /Ewing's sarcoma, neuroblastoma, and ERMS was considered. Immunocytochemistry (ICC), using an appropriate panel of markers showed it to be a case of ERMS. Interestingly, though, not as frequent as on cytologic smears; INCIs could be appreciated even on biopsy material. INCIs in an ERMS are highly unusual and, to our knowledge, have not been documented so far. As a result of lack of any such cases in the literature, at present, the significance of this unique finding is not clear, and therefore needs to be investigated, as and when such cases are encountered in the future. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intraoperative evaluation of sentinel lymph nodes in breast carcinoma by imprint cytology, frozen section and rapid immunohistochemistry
Authors: Upender Sharma , Mohan Harsh , Handa Uma , Attri Ashok K. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractSentinel lymph nodes (SLN) isolated in 40 patients of breast carcinoma (stage T1/T2) were evaluated intraoperatively by imprint cytology and frozen section. Rapid immunohistochemistry (IHC) was done in cases where both imprint smears and frozen sections were negative for any metastatic tumor deposits. The results of these different techniques were compared with postoperative paraffin sections taken as “Gold Standard.” Nottingham modification of Bloom Richardson scoring system was used for grading the tumors. Further, the correlation of the SLN status with tumor size, grade, and lymphovascular invasion was studied. The sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy of imprint cytology were 91.7, 100, and 95% respectively, and those of the frozen section were 95.8, 100, and 97.5% respectively. Examination of multiple serial sections improved the sensitivity and overall accuracy of frozen section. Results of intraoperative rapid IHC were equivalent to final paraffin sections. Histological grade and lymphovascular invasion were in direct correlation with SLN metastasis (P < 0.05). The risk of lymphovascular invasion increased from 22.2% in grade I tumors to 85.7% in grade III tumors. SLN biopsy is a reliable method to evaluate the status of the axillary lymph nodes. Imprint cytology can be used reliably where the facility of frozen section is not available. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Estimation of hormone receptor status and HER2 in cytologic cell blocks from breast cancer using the novel rabbit monoclonal antibodies (SP1, SP2, and SP3)
Authors: Nassar Aziza , Cohen Cynthia , Siddiqui Momin 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe determination of estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptor status has become standard practice in the evaluation of patients with invasive breast cancer, having important prognostic and therapeutic implications. HER2 assessment is important to evaluate the response to Herceptin® (Trastuzumab) therapy for primary and metastatic breast cancer. This study is undertaken to compare rabbit monoclonal antibodies (RabMAb) for ER, PR, and HER2 against FDA‐approved monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies (FDAMpab).Cell blocks from primary and metastatic/recurrent breast carcinomas of 52 breast cancer patients were used. Immunohistochemistry was performed, following optimized epitope retrieval, with a polymer based detection system using RabMAb: ER (SP1), PR (SP2), and HER2 (SP3). FDA approved Mpab (Dako) used were: ER (1D5); PR (PgR636); and HercepTest® kit according to manufacturer's instructions. HER2 immunostain is correlated with FISH results.Overall, positive, and negative agreement is as follows: 88.5, 88.9, and 88.2% for ER; 84.6, 70.5, and 91.4% for PR; 58.3, 100, and 50% for HER2. There is substantial to moderate agreement between RabMAb and FDAMpab for ER (κ = 0.75) and PR (κ = 0.64), respectively. There is poor agreement (κ = 0.25) between RabMAb (SP3) and FDApab (HercepTest®). SP3 shows better concordance (93.8%) than HercepTest® (46.9%) with FISH results.RabMAb SP clones are almost comparable with FDA‐approved ER and PR, with fair to moderate agreement. Both are as sensitive as their FDA‐approved clones. SP3, on the other hand, is superior to HercepTest® for detecting HER2 overexpression, with an excellent concordance with FISH. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Generation of mice that conditionally express the activation domain of Notch2
Authors: Varadkar Prajakta A. , Kraman Matthew , McCright Brent 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe Notch pathway is an intercellular signaling mechanism frequently used for controlling cell fate during organogenesis. There are four structurally related Notch receptors in mice and humans, and Notch1 and Notch2 are essential genes. In this report we describe the construction of a transgenic mouse strain that expresses the Notch2 intracellular domain in response to cell lineage specific expression of Cre recombinase. This approach bypasses the requirement for ligand‐ receptor interaction and allows the direct determination of the consequences of Notch2 activation in vivo. Exogenous expression of the Notch2 intracellular domain resulted in the developmental arrest of secondary heart field derived cardiomyocytes during the transition from immature α‐Smooth Muscle Actin expressing cells to mature α‐Actinin positive cardiomyocytes. In contrast, a cell nonautonomous mesenchymal expansion was observed in semilunar valves. This new conditionally expressed allele of Notch2 can be used in studies by investigators interested in the effects of Notch2 activation in vivo. genesis, 47:573–578, 2009. Published 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Changes in allele‐specific association of histone modifications at the imprinting control regions during mouse preimplantation development
Authors: Kim Jin‐Moon , Ogura Atsuo 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAllele‐specific association of histone modification is observed at the regulatory region of imprinted genes and has been suggested to work as an epigenetic marker for monoallelic gene expression, along with the allelic CpG methylation of DNA. Although the parent‐origin‐specific epigenetic status in imprinted genes is thought to be established during preimplantation development, little is known about the allelic specificity of histone modifications during this period because of the limited volume of material available for analysis. In this study, we first revealed the allelic enrichment of histone modifications and variant histones at the imprinting control regions (ICRs) of four‐cell to blastocyst stage preimplantation embryos by using carrier chromatin immunoprecipitation and sequence polymorphism analysis of immunoprecipitated DNA. We found relative enrichment of histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation at the imprinted alleles of ICRs and obtained the results suggesting that histone modifications at ICRs are established during a late preimplantation stage. genesis, 47:611–616, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
STATCOM using the new concept of an inverter system with controlled gradational voltage
Authors: Hatano Nobuhiko , Kishida Yukimori , Iwata Akihiko 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis paper presents the STATCOM using the new concept of an inverter system which consists of three inverter units connected in series, and each inverter unit generates a different input voltage such as VC, 2VC, 4VC. This inverter system can output a high‐quality voltage by a low‐frequency switching operation. Thus, it can combine low loss and high quality. In this paper, we show the technique to apply STATCOM which uses the inverter system, and examination results. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 168(4): 58–65, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com).DOI 10.1002/eej.20823
An induction heating method with traveling magnetic field for long structure metal
Authors: Sekine Takamitsu , Tomita Hideo , Obata Shuji , Saito Yukio 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA novel dismantlable adhesion method for recycling operation of interior materials is proposed. This method applies a high‐frequency induction heating (IH) and a thermoplastic adhesive. For adhesion of interior materials to long steel studs, a conventional spiral coil such as IH cooking heater is inadequate for uniform heating to the stud. Therefore, we have proposed an induction heating method with traveling magnetic field for perfect long structure bonding. In this paper, we describe the new adhesion method using a 20‐kHz, three‐phase 200‐V inverter and linear induction coil. From induction heating characteristics to thin steel plates and long studs, the method demonstrates its usefulness for uniform heating to long structures. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 168(4): 32–39, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20833
Thrust characteristics of high‐thrust spiral motor obtained by FEM analysis
Authors: Kwon Hyuk‐Jin , Fujimoto Yasutaka 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWe propose a spiral‐type motor that has high thrust characteristics as a linear actuator. This motor generates torque around the axis and thrust in the axial direction only by electromagnetic force. It has little friction because no additional hardware is required for straight‐line movement. This paper presents the concept of the spiral motor. The finite‐element method (FEM) analysis certifies that this motor has a motor constant as high as a high density linear motor (HDL). We also study a method to compensate the thrust fluctuation of a 5‐pitch stator 6‐pitch mover model. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 168(4): 21–31, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20841
A method of estimating energy saving effect and its application to factory energy supply systems
Authors: Kitamura Shoichi , Mori Kazuyuki , Ozaki Yoshihiko , Shindo Seiichi , Izui Yosiho 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIn order to carry out energy saving service, it is indispensable to calculate the energy saving effect quantitatively by presuming the energy cost at the time of not executing the energy saving measure. However, it is difficult because the energy cost changes when environment (energy demand, unit prices of fuel or electric power, and so on) changes even if an energy saving measure is not executed. Although the effect has been conventionally evaluated by the difference between the energy costs before and after the energy saving measure, the effect cannot be calculated correctly when there is environmental change. In this paper, we propose the method of estimating the energy saving effect by presuming the energy cost after an energy saving measure, assuming that the measure is not executed, and show the results of its application to the practical power plants. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 168(4): 14–20, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20880
Descriptive norms, prescriptive norms, and social control: An intercultural comparison of people's reactions to uncivil behaviors
Authors: Brauer Markus , Chaurand Nadine 
Published: June 2009

AbstractSocial control is the generic term for any reaction through which a bystander communicates to the “perpetrator” of a norm transgression that his/her action is socially unacceptable. In order to understand the characteristics of behaviors that lead to social control reactions in public settings, we conducted a study with respondents from eight different countries. Respondents were presented with a description of 46 uncivil behaviors and indicated for each behavior (a) its prescriptive normativity (how deviant it was), (b) its descriptive normativity (how frequent it was), and (c) how likely it was that they would express their disapproval to the “perpetrator.” Results showed that in all eight countries, prescriptive normativity was the primary determinant of respondents' social control reactions. In addition, respondents from collectivistic cultures reported that they would exert more social control than respondents from individualistic cultures. The findings suggest that people will exert social control when they feel personally implicated by the uncivil behavior. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Separation of similar yeast strains by IEF techniques
Authors: Horká Marie , Růžička Filip , Holá Veronika , Šlais Karel 
Published: June 2009

AbstractRapid and reliable identification of the etiological agents of infectious diseases, especially species that are hardly distinguishable by routinely used laboratory methods, e.g. Candida albicans from C. dubliniensis, is necessary for early administration of an appropriate therapy. Similarly, the differentiation between biofilm‐positive and biofilm‐negative yeast strains is necessary for the choice of a therapeutic strategy due to higher resistance of the biofilm‐positive strains to antifungals. In this study rapid separation and identification of similar strains of Candida, cells and/or their lysates, based on IEF are outlined. The isoelectric points of the monitored “similar pairs” of Candidas, C. albicans and C. dubliniensis and the biofilm‐positive C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis and their biofilm‐negative strains were determined by CIEF with UV detection in the acidic pH gradient. The differences between their isoelectric points were up to 0.3 units of pI. Simultaneously, a fast and a simple technique was developed for the lysis of the outer membrane cell and characteristic fingerprints were found in lysate electrophoreograms and in gels from the capillary or the gel IEF, respectively.
Spatial frequency scheduling for uplink SC‐FDMA based linearly precoded multiuser MIMO systems
Authors: Lin Zihuai , Xiao Pei , Sørensen Troels B. , Vucetic Branka 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis paper investigates the performance of the uplink single carrier (SC) frequency division multiple access (FDMA) based linearly precoded multiuser multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems with frequency domain packet scheduling. A mathematical expression of the received signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) for the studied systems is derived and a utility function based spatial frequency packet scheduling algorithms is investigated. The schedulers are shown to be able to exploit the available multiuser diversity in time, frequency and spatial domains. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CNS pericytes: Concepts, misconceptions, and a way out
Authors: Krueger Martin , Bechmann Ingo 
Published: June 2009

AbstractRouget, in 1873, was the first to describe a population of cells surrounding capillaries, which he regarded as contractile elements. Fifty years later, Zimmermann termed these cells “pericytes” and distinguished three subtypes along the vascular tree. Since then, the discussion concerning the contractile ability of pericytes has never ceased. Current concepts of pericyte biology rather suggest critical roles in the maintenance of homeostasis, blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity, angiogenesis, and neovascularization. In addition, data from models of brain pathology suggest that novel pericytes are recruited from the bone marrow, but their respective precursor remains enigmatic. Recent data also suggest an important role in the regulation of cerebral blood flow, thus confirming Rouget's original idea. However, comparison of data from different studies is often constrained by the fact that pericytes were questionably identified. Although a clear‐cut definition exists, defining pericytes as part of the vascular wall being enclosed in its basement membrane, pericytes are often mixed up with adjacent cell types of the vascular wall, the perivascular space, and the juxtavascular parenchyma. In fact, their identification is difficult—if not impossible—in standard histological sections. An unambiguous distinction, however, is possible at the ultrastructural level and in semi‐thin sections, where their location within the vascular basement membrane can be displayed. Using these techniques in combination with immunological staining methods allows demarking their unique morphology and location. Here, we review original papers describing pericytes, briefly outline their topography within the vascular compartments, describe methods for their identification, and summarize current concepts of their function. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.