bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI with localized arterial input functions
Authors: Lee John J. , Bretthorst G. Larry , Derdeyn Colin P. , Powers William J. , Videen Tom O. , Snyder Abraham Z. , Markham Joanne , Shimony Joshua S. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractCompared to gold‐standard measurements of cerebral perfusion with positron emission tomography using H2[15O] tracers, measurements with dynamic susceptibility contrast MR are more accessible, less expensive, and less invasive. However, existing methods for analyzing and interpreting data from dynamic susceptibility contrast MR have characteristic disadvantages that include sensitivity to incorrectly modeled delay and dispersion in a single, global arterial input function. We describe a model of tissue microcirculation derived from tracer kinetics that estimates for each voxel a unique, localized arterial input function. Parameters of the model were estimated using Bayesian probability theory and Markov‐chain Monte Carlo, circumventing difficulties arising from numerical deconvolution. Applying the new method to imaging studies from a cohort of 14 patients with chronic, atherosclerotic, occlusive disease showed strong correlations between perfusion measured by dynamic susceptibility contrast MR with localized arterial input function and perfusion measured by quantitative positron emission tomography with H2[15O]. Regression to positron emission tomography measurements enabled conversion of dynamic susceptibility contrast MR to a physiologic scale. Regression analysis for localized arterial input function gave estimates of a scaling factor for quantitation that described perfusion accurately in patients with substantial variability in hemodynamic impairment. Magn Reson Med 63:1305–1314, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Field‐cycling NMR relaxometry with spatial selection
Authors: Pine Kerrin J. , Davies Gareth R. , Lurie David J. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractFast field‐cycling MRI offers access to sources of endogenous information not available from conventional fixed‐field imagers. One example is the T1 dispersion curve: a plot of T1 versus field strength. We present a pulse sequence that combines saturation‐recovery/inversion‐recovery T1 determination with field cycling and point‐resolved spectroscopy localization, enabling the measurement of dispersion curves from volumes selected from a pilot image. Compared with a nonselective sequence, our method of volume selection does not influence measurement accuracy, even for relatively long echo times and in the presence of radiofrequency field nonuniformity. The measured voxel profile, while not ideal, corresponds with that expected from the image slice profile. On a whole‐body fast field‐cycling scanner with 59‐mT detection, the sensitivity of the experiment is sufficient to reveal distinctive “quadrupole dips” in dispersion curves of protein‐rich human tissue in vivo. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In vivo 3.0‐tesla magnetic resonance T1ρ and T2 relaxation mapping in subjects with intervertebral disc degeneration and clinical symptoms
Authors: Blumenkrantz Gabrielle , Zuo Jin , Li Xiaojuan , Kornak John , Link Thomas M. , Majumdar Sharmila 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this study is (1) to determine the correlation between T1ρ and T2 and degenerative grade in intervertebral discs using in vivo 3.0‐T MRI, and (2) to determine the association between T1ρ and T2 and clinical findings as quantified by the SF‐36 Questionnaire and Oswestry Disability Index. Sixteen subjects participated in this study, and each completed SF‐36 and Oswestry Disability Index questionnaires. MRI T1ρ and T2 mapping was performed to determine T1ρ (77 discs) and T2 (44 discs) in the nucleus of the intervertebral disc, and T2‐weighted images were acquired for Pfirrmann grading of disc degeneration. Pfirrmann grade was correlated with both T1ρ (r = −0.84; P < 0.01) and T2 (r = −0.61; P < 0.01). Mixed‐effects models demonstrate that only T1ρ was associated with clinical questionnaires (R2SF‐36 = 0.55, R2O.D.I. = 0.56; P < 0.05). Although the averaged values of T1ρ and T2 were significantly correlated, they presented differences in spatial distribution and dynamic range, thus suggesting different sensitivities to tissue composition. This study suggests that T1ρ may be sensitive to early degenerative changes (corroborating previous studies) and clinical symptoms in intervertebral disc degeneration. Magn Reson Med 63:1193–1200, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Metabolic imaging in the anesthetized rat brain using hyperpolarized [1‐13C] pyruvate and [1‐13C] ethyl pyruvate
Authors: Hurd Ralph E. , Yen Yi‐Fen , Mayer Dirk , Chen Albert , Wilson David , Kohler Susan , Bok Robert , Vigneron Daniel , Kurhanewicz John , Tropp James , Spielman Daniel , Pfefferbaum Adolf 
Published: April 2010

AbstractFormulation, polarization, and dissolution conditions were developed to obtain a stable hyperpolarized solution of [1‐13C]‐ethyl pyruvate. A maximum tolerated concentration and injection rate were determined, and 13C spectroscopic imaging was used to compare the uptake of hyperpolarized [1‐13C]‐ethyl pyruvate relative to hyperpolarized [1‐13C]‐pyruvate into anesthetized rat brain. Hyperpolarized [1‐13C]‐ethyl pyruvate and [1‐13C]‐pyruvate metabolic imaging in normal brain is demonstrated and quantified in this feasibility and range‐finding study. Magn Reson Med 63:1137–1143, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A three‐dimensional quantitative method to measure meniscus shape, position, and signal intensity using MR images: A pilot study and preliminary results in knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Wirth Wolfgang , Frobell Richard B. , Souza Richard B. , Li Xiaojuan , Wyman Bradley T. , Le Graverand Marie‐Pierre Hellio , Link Thomas M. , Majumdar Sharmila , Eckstein Felix 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThis pilot study presents a technique for three‐dimensional and quantitative analysis of meniscus shape, position, and signal intensity and compares results in knees with (n = 20) and without (n = 11) radiographic osteoarthritis. 3‐T MR images with 2mm section thickness were acquired using a proton density–weighted, fat‐suppressed, coronal, fast spin‐echo sequence. Segmentation of the tibial, femoral, and external surface of the medial meniscus and the tibial joint surface was performed. Three‐dimensional parameters were computed to describe the shape, position, and signal intensity of the entire meniscus and three subregions (body, anterior, and posterior horn). Key results included a greater size (i.e., volume, surface areas, and thickness), increased medial extrusion (i.e., greater extrusion distance, greater meniscal area uncovered by tibial surface), and elevated signal intensity of the medial meniscus in osteoarthritis than in nonosteoarthritis knees, particularly in the meniscus body. These results need to be confirmed in larger cohorts, preferably under weight‐bearing conditions. Magn Reson Med 63:1162–1171, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multislice perfusion of the kidneys using parallel imaging: Image acquisition and analysis strategies
Authors: Gardener Alexander G. , Francis Susan T. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractFlow‐sensitive alternating inversion recovery arterial spin labeling with parallel imaging acquisition is used to acquire single‐shot, multislice perfusion maps of the kidney. A considerable problem for arterial spin labeling methods, which are based on sequential subtraction, is the movement of the kidneys due to respiratory motion between acquisitions. The effects of breathing strategy (free, respiratory‐triggered and breath hold) are studied and the use of background suppression is investigated. The application of movement correction by image registration is assessed and perfusion rates are measured. Postacquisition image realignment is shown to improve visual quality and subsequent perfusion quantification. Using such correction, data can be collected from free breathing alone, without the need for a good respiratory trace and in the shortest overall acquisition time, advantageous for patient comfort. The addition of background suppression to arterial spin labeling data is shown to reduce the perfusion signal‐to‐noise ratio and underestimate perfusion. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Can we predict which patient will fail drug treatment for overactive bladder? A think tank discussion
Authors: Nitti Victor W. , Kopp Zoe , Lin Alex T.L. , Moore Kate H. , Oefelein Michael , Mills Ian W. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) has evolved over the past 20 years to include a number of behavioral, pharmacological, and minimally invasive treatments. After behavioral therapy, pharmacological therapy with antimuscarinics remains the mainstay of treatment. Despite this, a large number of patients will “fail” or be unsatisfied with drugs therapy. It would be extremely helpful to patients and clinicians to be able to predict who those patients are. However, there are a number of barriers. First and foremost are defining “success” and “failure” and this can vary dramatically from one patient to another. Endpoints other than the traditional variables used in clinical trials may be more effective in evaluating treatments and helping to predict outcomes. Along similar lines, there are various definitions for OAB that is “refractory” to conventional treatments and this term needs clarification. In many cases, response to therapy may be affected by factors such as comorbidities, metabolism of drugs, concurrent therapies, etc. These factors are sometimes obvious and sometimes not, and for a variety of reasons it can be quite difficult to predict or determine their effect on outcome. Finally, many patients with OAB include have mixed (stress and urgency) symptoms. It is important to sort out the OAB component of mixed symptoms and mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) when determining effects of therapy. Neurourol. Urodynam. 29:652–657, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Is mid‐urethral placement of synthetic minimal access tapes important in stress urinary incontinence surgery?
Authors: Smith Anthony R.B. , Koelbl Heinz 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe introduction of the tension free vaginal tape over a decade ago heralded the adoption of sub‐urethral sling placement under the mid‐urethra rather than the proximal urethra. This paper reviews the literature which led to the change in practice and also looks at which factors concerning tape position influence surgical outcome with particular reference to the position along the urethra. There is conflicting evidence on the importance of the mid‐urethral position and there is also evidence that other factors such as the configuration of the tape under the urethra at rest and under strain and the proximity of the tape to the urethral mucosa may be as important in influencing outcome. Further research is required. Neurourol. Urodynam. 29:676–678, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nocturia research: Current status and future perspectives
Authors: Van Kerrebroeck Philip E.V. , Dmochowski Roger , FitzGerald Mary P. , Hashim Hashim , Norgaard Jens Peter , Robinson Dudley , Weiss Jeffrey P. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThis review summarizes the status of nocturia research, highlighting the condition's distinct nature, as well as areas where further studies are needed. Unlike other LUTS, nocturia has a specific and detrimental effect on the sleep period, and when ≥2 voids per night are experienced it is associated with various sequelae including reduced QoL and productivity, and increased morbidity and perhaps mortality. Many sources suggest that nocturia is associated with chronic medical illness, but little evidence demonstrates that successful treatment of these conditions results in normalization of nocturia, or that improvement in nocturia improves QoL and overall health. To date, management algorithms for LUTS have been based upon reasonable supposition and limited evidence, rather than controlled trials. Whilst a working clinical model is useful until conclusive research is available, a healthy scepticism should be maintained. It is likely that more than one contributory factor is responsible for nocturia, and management ought to better reflect this multifactorial pathophysiology. Indeed, traditional perspectives assuming nocturia to be part of the OAB or BPE symptom complex may have helped to propagate the misconception that therapy for these conditions is sufficient to improve nocturia. In reality, improvements in nocturia with anticholinergics, α‐blockers and/or 5‐α reductase inhibitors have been consistently disappointing. Antidiuretic therapy may represent a more tailored approach to management for many nocturia patients, given the high rates of nocturnal polyuria reported. Combination therapy may be required. Further high quality research on pathophysiology, management and patient‐reported outcomes with treatment is needed to augment existing limited data. Neurourol. Urodynam. 29:623–628, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Post buckling analysis of shear deformable shallow shells by the boundary element method
Authors: Baiz P. M. , Aliabadi M. H. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThis paper presents four boundary element formulations for post buckling analysis of shear deformable shallow shells. The main differences between the formulations rely on the way non‐linear terms are treated and on the number of degrees of freedom in the domain. Boundary integral equations are obtained by coupling boundary element formulation of shear deformable plate and two‐dimensional plane stress elasticity. Four different sets of non‐linear integral equations are presented. Some domain integrals are treated directly with domain discretization whereas others are dealt indirectly with the dual reciprocity method. Each set of non‐linear boundary integral equations are solved using an incremental approach, where loads and prescribed boundary conditions are applied in small but finite increments. The resulting systems of equations are solved using a purely incremental technique and the Newton–Raphson technique with the Arc length method. Finally, the effect of imperfections (obtained from a linear buckling analysis) on the post‐buckling behaviour of axially compressed shallow shells is investigated. Results of several benchmark examples are compared with the published work and good agreement is obtained. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The extended/generalized finite element method: An overview of the method and its applications
Authors: Fries Thomas‐Peter , Belytschko Ted 
Published: April 2010

AbstractAn overview of the extended/generalized finite element method (GEFM/XFEM) with emphasis on methodological issues is presented. This method enables the accurate approximation of solutions that involve jumps, kinks, singularities, and other locally non‐smooth features within elements. This is achieved by enriching the polynomial approximation space of the classical finite element method. The GEFM/XFEM has shown its potential in a variety of applications that involve non‐smooth solutions near interfaces: Among them are the simulation of cracks, shear bands, dislocations, solidification, and multi‐field problems. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using measures from the SCL‐90‐R to screen for personality disorders
Authors: Pedersen Geir , Karterud Sigmund 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjective The Symptom Check‐List 90‐Revised (SCL‐90‐R) is a widespread instrument in clinical practice. Does it also contain useful screening properties with respect to DSM‐IV) personality disorders (PDs)?Methods SCL‐90‐R questionnaires from 2248 patients admitted for treatment in the Norwegian Network of Personality‐Focused Treatment Programs were analysed with respect to associations between the Interpersonal sensitivity, Hostility and Paranoid ideation subscales, and avoidant, borderline and paranoid PD, as well as the Personality Severity Index (PSI) and its relationship to severe or any PD.Results The three ‘interpersonal’ subscales and the SCL‐90‐R PSI displayed significant but modest associations with the associated DSM‐IV personality disorders. However, the associations and the diagnostic efficiency statistics were not strong enough for diagnostic inferences.Conclusion Although the SCL‐90‐R is primarily a measure of symptom distress, it yields some valid supplement in assessing the extent of present interpersonal dysfunction, and may serve as an indicator for further diagnostic evaluations. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An examination of gender differences in antisocial personality
Authors: Leahy David , O'Neill Darragh , Hammond Sean 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe current study examined if gender bias in the assessment process might be the reason why males are consistently found to exhibit more antisocial traits and behaviours than females. Employing the Leahy Antisocial Personality Scale (LAPS), a brief new self‐report instrument for the assessment of antisocial traits, general population males (n = 216) were again found to exhibit more antisocial features than females (n = 391). Analysis of differential item functioning in the LAPS indicated that four items operated differently across the genders. To the extent that the LAPS measures DSM‐IV‐TR antisocial personality traits, findings suggest that this criteria set is biased with regard to gender. Implications of this for the use of overall scores for broad diagnostic purposes may be minimal as the bias occurs in both directions; however, the findings suggest that the adoption of differentially weighted criteria sets may be worthwhile in future studies examining gender differences in aspects of antisocial personality. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nanopatterning of catalyst by Dip Pen nanolithography (DPN) for synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNT)
Authors: Kang S.‐W. , Banerjee D. , Kaul A. B. , Megerian K. G. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractCarbon nanotubes (CNT) were synthesized on nanopatterned catalysts. The catalyst nanoparticles were obtained using dip pen nanolithographytechnique. Dip pen nanolithography technique was used to deposit NiCl2 nanopatterns with sub‐200 nm feature sizes on a silicon substrate. The deposited features were verified by using lateral force microscopy. The substrate was then placed in a plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition instrument to synthesize CNT. The synthesized CNT were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy. SCANNING 32: 42–48, 2010. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C60 SIMS depth profiling of bovine serum albumin protein‐coating films: a conformational study
Authors: Mouhib T. , Delcorte A. , Poleunis C. , Henry M. , Bertrand P. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractCharacterisation of the protein films has been a subject of long‐standing interest in biomaterials research. With the advent of polyatomic ion beams such as C60, Time‐of‐Flight‐SIMS (ToF‐SIMS) depth profiling analysis is now able to provide information about the protein‐substrate interface chemistry. To investigate this effect, two types of films, bovine serum albumin (BSA) onto hydrophilic silicon wafer, and BSA onto hydrophobic silanized silicon were fabricated using the dried‐droplet procedure. Depth profiling experiments were conducted in a ToF‐SIMS instrument equipped with C60+ and Ga+ ion sources (sputtering ion, 15 keV C60+; analysis ion, 12 keV Ga+). The molecular information is kept during the protein film depth profiling for both films. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the relative changes in the spectra recorded during the depth profiling. Spectral differences identified using PCA were correlated to conformational changes of the protein that occurred during drying according to the substrate properties. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Towards a generalizable aiding‐training continuum for human performance enhancement
Authors: Madni Azad M. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe are living in an era in which the need to train and aid people is becoming paramount due to ever increasing job and task complexities. Despite this recognition, the aiding and training of individuals and teams has not kept pace with the times. Furthermore, even though aiding and training are complementary approaches to enhancing human performance, they have largely been pursued separately. Today, there is a growing recognition that aiding and training are not distinct approaches but, in fact, lie along a human‐systems integration continuum. This paper presents a systems approach to developing standards‐compliant, integrated aiding‐training framework that is potentially generalizable to other application domains. The framework employs key architectural constructs such as dynamic content provisioning and service‐oriented architecture to achieve seamless shifts along the aiding‐training continuum. The key benefits of the aiding‐training architectural framework are improved human performance in a variety of operational contexts. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng 14: 129–140, 2011
Bayesian approaches to detection and attribution
Authors: Annan J. D. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe consider the Bayesian alternative to the classical frequentist approach to detection and attribution of climate change. Some of the notable advantages of the Bayesian paradigm include a more consistent approach to competing hypotheses, a coherent interpretation of all available data, and an intuitively natural interpretation of the results Copyright. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.This article is categorized under:

Paleoclimates and Current Trends > Detection and Attribution
Social anxiety disorder and victimization in a community sample of adolescents
Authors: Gren‐Landell Malin , Aho Nikolas , Andersson Gerhard , Svedin Carl Göran 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACTDespite high prevalence rates of social anxiety disorder (SAD) and high rates of victimization in adolescents, studies on the relationship between these phenomena are missing. In the present study we report associations between SAD and multiple victimization experiences in a community sample of adolescents. A cross‐sectional study was conducted on 3211 Swedish high‐school students. The prevalence rate of self‐reported SAD was 10.6% (n = 340). Significantly higher rates of lifetime victimization was found in subjects with self‐reported SAD compared to non‐cases, on the total score on the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire, and on the subscales maltreatment, sexual victimization and victimization from peer/siblings. Different results emerged due to gender. In females, maltreatment and peer/sibling victimization was associated with an increased risk of SAD and, in males peer/sibling victimization increased the risk of reporting SAD. Further studies are needed to elaborate developmental models on SAD and to add to modification of prevention‐ and treatment interventions.