bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testing low‐degree polynomials over prime fields
Authors: Jutla Charanjit S. , Patthak Anindya C. , Rudra Atri , Zuckerman David 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWe present an efficient randomized algorithm to test if a given functionf: 𝔽→ 𝔽p(wherepis a prime) is a low‐degree polynomial. This gives a local test for Generalized Reed‐Muller codes over prime fields. For a given integertand a given real ε > 0, the algorithm queriesfatO($ O({{1}\over{\epsilon}}+t.p^{{2t \over p-1}+1}) $) points to determine whetherfcan be described by a polynomial of degree at mostt. Iffis indeed a polynomial of degree at mostt, our algorithm always accepts, and iffhas a relative distance at least ε from every degreetpolynomial, then our algorithm rejectsfwith probability at least$ {1\over 2} $. Our result is almost optimal since any such algorithm must queryfon at least$ \Omega ( {1 \over \epsilon} + p^ {t+1 \over p-1})$points. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2009
How to deal with malicious users in privacy‐preserving distributed data mining
Authors: Duan Yitao , Canny John 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA major problem in current privacy‐preserving data‐mining research is the lack of practical mechanisms to deal with malicious users who may submit bogus data to bias the computation. In this paper we explore private computation built on vector addition and its applications in privacy‐preserving data mining. We show that such a paradigm not only supports a large number of popular data‐mining algorithms (including both linear and nonlinear ones such as SVD, k‐means, ID3, machine‐learning algorithms based on Expectation‐Maximization (EM), etc., and all algorithms in the statistical query model) with efficiency comparable to that of a regular, nonprivate implementation, but also admits extremely efficient zero‐knowledge (ZK) protocols for verifying properties of user data. These ZK protocols are based on random projection and use a linear number of inexpensive small field (e.g. 32 or 64 bits) operations, and only a logarithmic number of large‐field (1024 bits or more) cryptographic operations, achieving orders of magnitude reduction in running time over standard techniques (from hours to seconds) for large‐scale problems. Such ZK tools thus provide practical solutions for handling the malicious users problem for many real‐world applications. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Statistical Analysis and Data Mining 1: 18‐33, 2009
Die unbekannte Seite Fritz Leonhardts – Sein Beitrag zum Stahlbau
Authors: Weber Christiane , Kleinmanns Joachim 
Published: June 2009

AbstractFritz Leonhardt ist einer der bedeutendsten Bauingenieure des 20. Jahrhunderts. In der Öffentlichkeit gilt er vor allem als “Vater” des Stuttgarter Fernsehturms, Bauingenieure kennen ihn als Brückenbauer, dessen Veröffentlichungen zum Spannbetonbau als Standardwerke gelten. Dieser Aufsatz soll die weniger bekannte Seite Leonhardt s als Stahlbauer beleuchten. Vor allem sein Frühwerk, mit dem er sich einen Namen macht, ist dem Stahlbau gewidmet. Doch auch nach dem Krieg leistet Leonhardt einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Entwicklung von Leichtkonstruktionen, die prägend für die Architektur der Bonner Republik werden. Aus historischer Sicht sind die persönlichen Netzwerke, die er sich zu Beginn seiner Laufbahn aufbaut, von besonderer Bedeutung. Kontakte zu Architekten wie Paul Bonatz, Gerd Lohmer und Friedrich Tamms sowie zu Ingenieuren wie Otto Graf werden ausschlaggebend für seinen schnellen Aufstieg in der Nachkriegszeit.The unknown angle of Fritz Leonhardt – His contribution to steel construction.Fritz Leonhardt (1909–1999) is one of the best known civil engineers of the 20th century. Publicly best known is his television tower in Stuttgart, civil engineers perceive him as a constructor of bridges, whose publications on pre‐stressed concrete set a standard. With this paper we focus on the less known role of Leonhardt as a steel constructor. His early works are mainly dedicated to this branch. With these constructions his fame within the civil engineering community startes. Additionally, after World War II Leonhardt had been one of the outstanding engineers developing light weight structures that had a great influence on the architecture of the Federal Republic of Germany. From a historical point of view, the personal networks created by Leonhardt are of special interest: his contacts to architects like Paul Bonatz, Gerd Lohmer, and engineers like Otto Graf in Stuttgart were formative for his rapid advancement in post‐war Germany.
Fritz Leonhardt als junger Ingenieur – Frühe Erfahrungen im Großbrückenbau
Authors: Voormann Friedmar , Schüller Matthias 
Published: June 2009

AbstractFritz Leonhardt (1909–1999) hat sich in den nahezu sieben Jahrzehnten seines beruflichen Schaffens auf vielen Gebieten des Bauingenieurwesens hohe Anerkennung erworben. Sein besonderes Interesse galt dem Brückenbau. Unvergessen sind Leonhardt s innovative Vorschläge und Bauten, die den Spannbeton‐ und Schrägseilbrückenbau in der deutschen Nachkriegszeit maßgeblich beeinflusst haben. Weniger bekannt ist, dass Leonhardt bereits vor 1945 an mehreren großen Bauvorhaben beteiligt war. Zwei dieser Projekte sollen hier herausgegriffen und näher beleuchtet werden: der Bau der Hängebrücke Köln‐Rodenkirchen (1938–1941) und die in den selben Jahren von Leonhardt erarbeiteten Entwürfe für eine Hängebrücke über die Elbe in Hamburg.Fritz Leonhardt as a Young Engineer – Early Experiences in Long Span Bridge Design and Construction.Fritz Leonhardt (1909–1999) worked almost seven decades as a civil engineer. His contributions made him famous and well recognized world wide. He was especially interested in bridge design and construction. Well known are his innovative concepts which have influenced significantly the design of post‐tensioned concrete structures and cable‐stayed bridges in post war Germany. Less known is the fact that Leonhardt already participated in major projects before 1945. Two of those projects are selected and described here: the construction of the suspension bridge Cologne‐Rhodenkirchen (1938–1941) and his designs for the Elbe suspension bridge in Hamburg (1938–1941).
Using systems engineering to create a framework for evaluating industrial symbiosis options
Authors: Maya Sopha Bertha , Magerholm Fet Annik , Maria Keitsch Martina , Haskins Cecilia 
Published: June 2009

AbstractMotivated by the success of industrial symbiosis at Kalundborg, Denmark, there have been many attempts to establish industrial symbiosis around the world. Modeling the complex system that underlies an industrial symbiosis provides much needed understanding of these interactions in the planning stage. Therefore, guidance and/or a framework are needed to identify “what to model” and to keep the modeling process on track. This paper applies systems engineering to create a framework for modeling industrial symbiosis. The proposed framework provides a practical road map for the modeling process that connects relevant concepts and techniques. A case is introduced to illustrate use of the framework. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng
Response of wind‐excited benchmark building installed with dampers
Authors: Patil V. B. , Jangid R. S. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe response of the benchmark building is investigated under across‐wind loads. The governing equations of motion are solved by employing state space theory. Generally, the dampers are connected to successive floors of a building (Type‐I arrangement). As the relative velocity and inter‐storey drift between the alternate floors would be larger, the performance of dampers is studied by connecting them to alternate stories with two innovative (Type‐II and Type‐III) arrangements, and the comparison of response is made with that of the conventional (Type‐I) arrangement. Optimization of location and number of dampers is also carried out with the help of a controllability index, which is obtained with the help of root‐mean‐square value of the inter‐storey drift. Further, a parametric study of semi‐active variable friction dampers and linear viscous dampers by varying gain multiplier and damping ratio, respectively, is carried out. From the numerical study, it is observed that Type‐II and Type‐III arrangements are found to be quite effective in reducing the response quantities. It is also found that a considerable amount of economy is achieved by optimization of location of dampers. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A lightweight low‐speed permanent magnet electrical generator for direct‐drive wind turbines
Authors: Mueller Markus A. , McDonald Alasdair S. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe evolution, design and test results of a novel permanent magnet generator for use in direct‐drive wind turbines are presented. This generator topology is based on steel C‐core modules (which make up the rotor) and an air‐cored stator winding. This topology allows a reduction in structural mass for large diameter generators, which can lead to lightweight generators. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of NdIII Doped Bi2Se3 Nanoflowers and their Physical Properties
Authors: Alemi Abdolali , Babalou Aliakbar , Dolatyari Mahboubeh , Klein Axel , Meyer Gerd 
Published: June 2009

AbstractLuminescent Bi2–xNdxSe3 nanoplates and nanoflowers were prepared by a hydrothermal co‐reduction method. XRD patterns indicate that the Bi2–xNdxSe3 crystals with 0–10 mol‐% Nd3+ are isostructural with Bi2Se3. Preferential nucleation and growth of the synthesised Bi2–xNdxSe3 has been observed along a certain plane. SEM shows morphology changes upon doping of Nd3+ ions into bismuth sites from separate nano‐plates to nano‐flowers. UV/Vis spectra show that an increasing concentration of Nd3+ ions increases the intensity of some peaks in the absorption spectrum of Bi2Se3. Also, there is a red shift in the Bi2Se3 absorption peaks upon increased Nd3+ concentration. Photoluminescence spectra also show this shift. TG curves show two phase transformation steps for Bi2Se3 and Bi1.8Nd0.2Se3. One endothermic peak for the decomposition of the Nd3+ doped system is observed in the DTA curve of Bi1.8Nd0.2Se3.
Perforated Peptic Ulcer in South India: An Institutional Perspective
Authors: Arveen Sankar , Jagdish Sadasivan , Kadambari Dharanipragada 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBackgroundPerforated peptic ulcer is one of the most common surgical emergencies in South India. The advent of medical therapy for peptic ulcer has remarkably decreased the number of elective surgical procedures. The incidence of perforated peptic ulcer on the contrary, is increasing. The high incidence of complications necessitates the identification of factors associated with the morbidity and mortality of patients undergoing surgery for perforated peptic ulcer.MethodsThree hundred twenty‐eight consecutive patients (299 men and 29 women) who underwent surgery for perforated peptic ulcer in our institute between November 2006 and June 2008 were studied prospectively.ResultsThe mean age was 43.4 ± 14.4 years. The mean hospital stay was 10.9 ± 6.8 days. Of the 328 patients, 58 presented with shock, 159 presented with delay more than 24 h, and 24 had co‐morbid illness. Wound infection and intra‐abdominal abscess were encountered in 12.5% and 13.4% of the patients, respectively. Altogether, 85 patients had postoperative complications. Twenty‐eight (8.5%) patients died. The mortality rate among men and women was 7.9% and 20.7%, respectively. Age ≥ 60 years, lag period longer than 24 h, presence of co‐morbid illness, and shock at presentation were identified as independent predictors of postoperative complications. Shock at presentation, presence of co‐morbid illness, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade III or more, and renal failure were identified as independent predictors of mortality.ConclusionsDecreasing the delay in intervention and improving access to medical care may improve the outcome of patients undergoing surgery for perforated peptic ulcer. High‐risk patients are those who present with shock and co‐morbid illness.
Individual fertility differences in the frozen‐thawed spermatozoa among semen donors in the Labrador Retriever
Authors: Suwa Yoshinori , Abe Yasuyuki , Lee Dong Soo , Ueta Yoshiko Yanagimoto , Suzuki Hiroshi 
Published: June 2009

AbstractPurposeWe aimed to validate and determine the possible application of transcervical insemination of frozen semen for improved breeding in guide dogs for the blind in Japan.MethodsFrom February 2004 to March 2007, a total of 53 Labrador Retriever bitches, used for the breeding of guide dogs for the blind, were transcervically inseminated with frozen‐thawed semen from 13 males by means of a cystoscope.ResultsThe overall whelping and pregnancy rate with the frozen semen was 42%. Pregnancy rates ranged widely from 0 to 100% depending on the semen donor male. Of 13 males, 6 males exhibited severely poor fertility (less than 20% pregnancy rate) and 3 males exhibited high fertility (over 70% pregnancy rate) on artificial insemination. However, the spermatozoa motility after thawing was not significantly different among these dogs. In addition, heterospermic insemination revealed the optimal timing for transcervical insemination with frozen‐thawed semen to be by day 6 after the LH surge.ConclusionsAlthough transcervical insemination of frozen‐thawed semen is effective for breeding of guide dogs for the blind, some modification of freeze‐thawing procedures might be required to overcome individual fertility differences in the frozen‐thawed spermatozoa among semen donor dogs,. In addition, the motility of spermatozoa after thawing might not be an appropriate indicator of the relative fertility of frozen‐thawed spermatozoa in dogs.
How many heads are better than one? The reliability and validity of teenagers' self‐ and peer assessments
Authors: Sung Yao‐Ting , Chang Kuo‐En , Chang Tzyy‐Hua , Yu Wen‐Cheng 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACTSelf‐ and peer assessments are becoming more popular in classrooms, but there are few data on the reliability and validity of such assessments performed by school children. Because these factors are greatly affected by the number of raters, we conducted two studies to determine the rating behaviours of teenagers in self‐ and peer assessments, and how the number of raters influences the reliability and validity of self‐ and peer assessments. The first study involved 116 seventh graders (the first grade of middle school), where students individually playing musical recorders were subject to self‐ and peer assessments. The second study involved 110 eighth graders, with Web pages constructed by students being subject to self‐ and peer assessments. Generalizability theory and criterion‐related validity were used to obtain the reliability and validity coefficients of the self‐ and peer ratings. Analyses of variance were used to compare differences in self‐ and peer ratings between low‐ and high‐achieving students. The coefficients of reliability and validity increased with the number of raters in both studies, reaching the acceptable levels of 0.80 and 0.70, respectively, with 3 or 4 raters in the first study (involving assessments of individual performance) and with 14–17 raters in the second study (involving assessments of group work). Furthermore, low‐ and high‐achieving students tended to over‐ and underestimate the quality of their work in self‐assessment, respectively. The discrepancy between the ratings of students and experts was higher in group‐work assessments then in individual‐work assessments. The results have both theoretical and practical implications for researchers and teachers.
IS MIGRATION STATUS A DETERMINANT OF URBAN NUTRITION INSECURITY? EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM MUMBAI CITY, INDIA
Authors: CHOUDHARY NEETU , PARTHASARATHY D. 
Published: June 2009

SummaryFrom an economic perspective that understood it as a spillover of development, migration is now also the subject of socioeconomic investigation incorporating the problems of assimilation, relative deprivation and isolation. The corollary is an increased emphasis on economic and social understanding of migration and its consequences. This entails studying migration or migrants in terms of factors beyond income. Health outcome is important among these non-income factors but at the same time remains less studied. Although there have been a few influential studies on health issues as linked to migration status, the issue of malnutrition in this context continues to be under-researched. This paper explores, theoretically and empirically, migration status and malnutrition in Mumbai in India. An econometric analysis of Demographic and Health Survey data gives insight into the dynamics of child and maternal undernutrition as mediated by migration status in Mumbai.
Health technology assessment in Denmark: Strategy, implementation, and developments
Authors: Sigmund Helga , Kristensen Finn Børlum 
Published: June 2009

Objectives: The mainly tax-paid healthcare system in Denmark is decentralized with three defined policy and management levels. Health technology assessment (HTA) as a concept was introduced in the beginning of the 1980s. Significant implementation only happened when the first national strategy for HTA was developed by relevant stakeholders and issued as an official document in 1996. The introduction and the further development are described.Methods: The Danish Institute for HTA was established in the National Board of Health in 1997 with responsibility for coordination and production of HTA. A local government reform from 2007 provides several new challenges to HTA and its coordination.Results: An external evaluation in 2003 indicated that HTA was widely disseminated and that HTA results were benefitting political, administrative, and clinical decision making at all levels of the healthcare system.Conclusions: The first national strategy for HTA, the broad HTA model covering four elements: Technology (clinical aspects), Patient, Organization, and Economy, and the development and introduction of mini-HTA as a tool for HTA-related activities in institutions and municipalities are major contributions to international HTA.
Poles ofL-functions and theta liftings for orthogonal groups
Authors: Ginzburg David , Jiang Dihua , Soudry David 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIn this paper, we prove that the first occurrence of global theta liftings from any orthogonal group to either symplectic groups or metaplectic groups can be characterized completely in terms of the location of poles of certain Eisenstein series. This extends the work of Kudla and Rallis and the work of Moeglin to all orthogonal groups. As applications, we obtain results about basic structures of cuspidal automorphic representations and the domain of holomorphy of twisted standardL-functions.
Can a control model approach assist case formulation in psychotherapy?
Authors: Spratt Christopher G. , Carey Timothy A. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis paper looks at issues regarding case formulation in psychotherapy. Case formulation is well recognized as being helpful in the conceptualizing of psychological problems and as a useful tool in the practice of cognitive therapy. Control, as opposed to behaviour, is increasingly being seen as that human process most relevant to psychopathology. We look at the diagnosis and treatment of a small number of people, treated in a naturalistic setting, who were selected without any specific criteria other than being people whose problems were treated using the Method of Levels, a form of cognitive therapy based on the principles of Perceptual Control Theory, and who completed both pre- and post-treatment questionnaires. We then consider how the problems these people presented with, and their treatment, might be formulated as a result of taking this approach.
A critical evaluation of the role of cognitive behaviour therapy in children and adolescents with depression
Authors: Delaney Maura 
Published: June 2009

AbstractDepressive disorders are relatively common in adolescents although less so in younger children. They accrue significant morbidity and frequent long-term sequelae as well as increased suicide risk in sufferers. Evidence-based treatment of depression in children and adolescents is the subject of intense investigation and debate. This article reviews the current evidence base for cognitive behaviour therapy in this group and makes recommendations for further areas of research.
Looking to the Future
Authors: Grove Timothy L. 
Published: June 2009

A year ago, AGU established the Future Focus Task Force (FFTF), a 15‐member committee to advise the AGU Council on three areas to strengthen AGU's ability to execute its strategic plan. The FFTF has been taking a broad look at the Union's structure and governance, the alignment of resources and the activities supported by these resources, and the capacities we need to develop to achieve our mission and long‐term goals while maintaining ourselves as a preeminent scientific society.The FFTF also is taking important steps in preparing for the succession in headquarters leadership (see Eos, 90(5), 40, 2009, and 90(18), 159, 2009). This planning should help us in selecting the best candidate for AGU's next executive director. It also will give the search committee a clear understanding of where the Union intends to go and what leadership characteristics are needed to get us there.
Anticipating the Next Large Silent Earthquake in Mexico
Authors: Cotte Nathalie , Walpersdorf Andrea , Kostoglodov Vladimir , Vergnolle Mathilde , Santiago Jose‐Antonio , Campillo Michel 
Published: June 2009

Silent earthquakes, or slow slip events (SSEs), in subduction zones [Schwartz and Rokosky, 2007] release accumulated strain energy within tens of minutes to a few months, as opposed to a few seconds or minutes for “regular” earthquakes [Kostoglodov et al., 2003]. This phenomenon has important implications for the seismic cycle because SSEs significantly modify the loading‐unloading budget of faults; their existence suggests that the buildup and relaxing mechanisms of the earthquake cycle are much more complex than previously thought.Numerous important questions have to be answered concerning SSEs, in particular, their specific location on the fault, the amount of slip at depth, and their recurrence. Depending on whether they occur on the seismogenic or creeping section of the fault, they may release some accumulated elastic strain or further load the brittle part of the fault, effectively lengthening or shortening the time before the next large regular earthquake. In that framework, assessing the repartition of the displacement on the subduction interface and the frequency of SSEs is of particular importance, because these parameters govern the extent to which SSEs may slow or accelerate the regular earthquake clock.