bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study on the Swelling Performance of Gaomiaozi Bentonite Buffer Material under Fe(II) Reducing Environment
Authors: Ming Zhang , Dongke Hu , Jingli Xie , Fangliang Zhou 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The release of Fe(II) from iron-based disposal canisters during the operational period of high-level radioactive waste (HLW) repositories may affect the swelling behavior of the buffer barrier, consequently impacting repository safety and stability. In this study, we employed a self-made dilatometer to measure the swelling characteristics of GMZ24 bentonite under varying Fe(II) concentrations. Our test results indicate that with increasing Fe(II) concentration, the time required for GMZ24 bentonite to swell decreases, while the final swelling pressure and swelling ratio exhibit an exponential decline. Through hydrochemical detection and mineralogical analysis, it is found that the decrease of swelling performance of bentonite is mainly due to the cation exchange between Na+ and Fe(II) in bentonite and the isomorphic replacement of Montmorillonite crystal and Fe(II) to generate chlorite. Finally, based on the double electrical layer theory, we derived a functional relationship describing the variation in swelling pressure and swelling ratio of GMZ24 bentonite as a function of Fe(II) concentration. This study provides a scientific basis for predicting and controlling the swelling behavior of buffer backfill materials in HLW repositories.
Disentangling fluorescence of endogenous fluorescent substances from absorption and scattering effects for quantitative prediction for oxidation degree of peanut oils
Authors: Wang Yue , Guo Na , He Xueming , Shen Fei , Liang Yong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In this study, different oxidation levels of peanut oils were prepared by heating different brands of oils to different times, the peroxide value (PV) and acid value (AV) were determined as reference values. The fluorescence intensity (F), absorption (µa) and reduced scattering coefficients (µ’s) of oils were obtained by using an independently-developed spectra measurement system, which based on laser induced fluorescence and integrating sphere techniques. Principal component analysis (PCA) were conducted on three kinds of spectra, the principal components (PCs) were extracted and clustering trend were analyzed. Finally the regression models for PV and AV based on different integrations of the first five PCs of three kinds of spectra were calibrated by using different algorithms: multiple linear regression (MLR), partial least squares regression (PLSR), support vector regression (SVR) and artificial neural network (ANN). The results indicated that the optimal prediction results could be achieved by ANN based on the integration of F, µa and µ’s for PV, and SVR based on the integration of F, µa and µ’s for AV, with maximum determination coefficients for validation set (R2v) of 0.873 and 0.854 respectively, and minimum root mean square errors for validation set (RMSEV) of 2.896 meq·kg− 1 and 0.154 mg·g− 1. The proposed novel method which considering the disentangling effect of µa and µ’s on fluorescence can realize robust detection for oxidation degree of peanut oils.
Surgical management of primary leiomyosarcoma with intracranial and extracranial extension: a case report
Authors: Pu Kuairong , Wang Tianhong , Li Zhe , Lin Xiwen , Wu Jun , Shao Dongchuan , Zhao Nan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Primary intracranial-extracranial communicating leiomyosarcomas, which invade both intracranial and extracranial regions and involve complex anatomical structures, are extremely rare tumors.
Case presentation:
A 37-year-old male initially exhibited a subcutaneous mass on the left frontal vertex. Post-surgical resection, a recurrent mass manifested at the left frontotemporal vertex. Computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a lump on the left frontal vertex accompanied by an irregular abnormal lesion, and the diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma was confirmed. The patient underwent leiomyosarcoma excision under general anesthesia. The tumor recurred after 2 years and 4 months, leading to a more extensive surgical excision. Following a 2-year follow-up, the patient showed no major complications and maintained a stable condition.
Conclusion
Primary intracranial-extracranial communicating leiomyosarcoma is a rare condition. Surgical removal is the main therapeutic approach. The decision for lesion excision should consider factors such as the patient’s age, tumor location, pathological characteristics, and any distant metastasis.
Outpatient referrers as a pathway to care for a new family-centered health intervention in psychiatric clinics and how to reach them: Evaluation of an implementation strategy
Authors: Kaczmarek Philip Martin , Laser Carolin , Wiegand-Grefe Silke , Pawils Silke 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The implementation of evidence-based research results in clinical practice is hampered by various obstacles. One of these barriers is the dissemination of information about the provision of new interventions. Using the example of the new CHIMPS-NET (Children of Mentally Ill Parents), a family-centered intervention in German psychiatric clinics, the referral criteria, information dissemination and accessibility of outpatient specialists involved in the access and referral process (gatekeeping) are evaluated.
Methods
We identified all outpatient general and specialist practices (n = 2828) in the regional care areas of the psychiatric specialist clinics that provided the new CHIMPS-NET form of care. Practices in the intervention group (n = 946) received information about the new intervention, while practices in the control group (n = 1882) did not. Before and after the information was sent postal, all participants were asked about their knowledge of family-centered intervention and its importance for the vulnerable target group of children of mentally ill parents by means of a questionnaire at intervals of three months.
Results
Regardless of group affiliation, reaching out to gatekeepers had no influence on knowledge of a new form of care, such as the CHIMPS-NET. The allocation criteria and prevalence estimates for the vulnerable target group have not changed either. However, awareness of family-centered health interventions increased fourfold if the gatekeeper had a psychological professional background.
Conclusion
Following the PRISM implementation framework, three barriers were identified in the provision of information gatekeepers in outpatient care: 1) the external environment, 2) the perspective of patients and gatekeepers and 3) the perspective of recipients. The postal intervention was not effective at communicating information or reaching outpatient referrers. Knowledge of family-centered health interventions was four times higher among the group of specialists and therapists with a psychological background. We therefore suggest that general (somatic) practitioners, who make up most of the gatekeeper population, need to be approached more intensively than psychologically trained professionals. It is also recommended that clinics address their regional care sector more intensively and directly.
Interplay between T-bet and HIF-1a is required for proper epigenomic and transcriptomic reprogramming of monocyte subsets
Authors: Ferreté-Bonastre Anna , Morante-Palacios Octavio , Ciudad Laura , Estupiñán-Moreno Elkyn , Ballestar Esteban 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Monocyte subsets, classified into classical, intermediate, and non-classical, have distinct specific functions. Despite increasing reports describing changes in monocyte subsets in a wide range of pathological inflammatory conditions, such as autoimmune and infectious diseases, the regulatory mechanisms underlying their differentiation are poorly understood. This information could be essential to understand their contribution to pathology.
Methods: In this study, we obtained the DNA methylomes and transcriptomes from classical, intermediate, and non-classical monocytes using MethylationEPIC BeadChip arrays and RNA-seq from matching samples. Regulon analysis, in vitro induction experiments, and integration with single-cell transcriptomics were used to study the impact on the myeloid compartment of a patient with Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD).
Results: DNA methylome and transcriptome profiling of the three monocyte subsets revealed progressive changes associated with pathways and transcription factors related to their properties. Specifically, HIF-1α and T-bet stand out as major factors in the transition from classical to non-classical subsets. While HIF-1α and its partner ARNT, as well as their targets, undergo a decrease in their expression levels in the transition to non-classical monocytes, T-bet and its targets become prominent in the non-classical compartment. Analysis of monocytes from single-cell RNA-seq data of a patient with a homozygous mutation for T-bet, which leads to MSMD, reveals a decrease in non-classical monocyte subsets, a strong effect on HIF-1α signalling, as well as impairment of the TNF/NF-κB pathway.
Conclusion: Altogether, these findings support the interplay between T-bet and HIF-1α for the proper differentiation of monocyte subsets.
Implementation of the Noncommunicable Disease Capacity Assessment and Planning Process in the Eastern Mediterranean Region
Authors: Saad Randa K. , Kruse Meredith H. , Richter Patricia , Kufoof Lara , Hhussein Zakir , Khader Yousef 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Addressing noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) necessitates coordinated, country-tailored responses. The NCD Capacity Assessment and Planning (N-CAP) Process is a tool that strengthens public health functions and promotes multisectoral collaboration to achieve more sustainable and impactful progress. This case study describes the piloting and implementation of the N-CAP Process in the Eastern Mediterranean Region.
Methods
The N-CAP Process includes three sequential, facilitator-led activities: stakeholder mapping, a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats Workshop (SWOT), and an N-CAP Workshop. Jordan, Iraq, and Pakistan were identified as countries with ministries of health with sufficient resources to implement the N-CAP Process and its recommendations. The N-CAP Process was piloted in Jordan (2021), revised for Iraq (2022), and implemented in its final version in Pakistan (2023). Qualified local facilitators and recorders were trained in each country prior to use. Stakeholder mapping was conducted in coordination with the ministries of health to identify multisectoral, technical, and policy stakeholders to participate in the activities. The SWOT Workshops convened stakeholders to assess the current landscape and identify critical NCD public health functions. The N-CAP Workshops used discussion guides to facilitate assessment and planning exercises that helped participants determine how to strengthen capacity within the critical NCD area.
Results
The N-CAP Process led stakeholders to assess their country’s efforts across six public health domains (strategic direction, systems, resources, quality, engagement, and impact) and create prioritized recommendations or a plan to reach a higher level of functioning to better address NCDs. Jordan, Iraq, and Pakistan used the N-CAP Process to focus on data-to-action, coalitions, and surveillance, respectively. While each country’s outcomes were unique and context-specific, common themes emerged, including health workforce, health information, health financing, and leadership and governance, all of which contribute to health system strengthening in different ways.
Conclusions
The N-CAP Process effectively creates structured, multisectoral recommendations and actionable plans to increase national capacity to address public health threats, such as NCDs. By facilitating comprehensive assessments and fostering governmental and multisectoral engagement, the N-CAP Process serves as an adaptable resource for countries and other regions grappling with similar public health challenges.
Overcapacity and dynamics of a tuna fleet facing catch limits and high efficiency: The case of the Indian Ocean tuna fishery
Authors: Tidd Alex , Dagorn Laurent , Capello Manuela , Guillotreau Patrice 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC) expresses concern over the overfished state and susceptibility to the overfishing of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares). Acknowledging the challenges of increased fishing effort in a profitable fishery, our study aims to understand factors influencing French purse seine fishing vessel dynamics. Our primary goal is to assess purse seine vessel utilisation with recent catch limits and compliance with the European Union Common Fisheries Policy (CFP), which mandates measures to align fishing capacity with opportunities to sustain fish stocks at maximum sustainable yield (MSY). Using Data Envelopment Analysis, we evaluate the relationship between vessel fishing capacity to catch limits and the MSY reference point for yellowfin tuna. Random Utility Models identify key drivers influencing the fleets' strategic decisions, rigorously assessed with a machine-learning algorithm. Findings indicate that the French fleet could meet catch limits with approximately 21% fewer vessels if fully utilised and 26% fewer if reduced to meet their equivalent MSY share. Key influencing factors include catch revenue, vessel age, biomass levels, and interest rates. The predictive model achieves a 93% accuracy rate, essential for effectively implementing regional conservation policies that balance economic stakes with sustainable fishing practices. Aligning capacity with fishing opportunities is crucial for the profitability and preservation of these essential tuna populations, resulting in more sustainable and economically viable fisheries.
Female employment characteristics and fertility in Benin: a microeconometric analysis
Authors: SENOU Barthélémy Mahugnon , KASSIKI Paulin Emile 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Controlling fertility is a major concern for public policy. This paper analyzes the effect of women's employment characteristics on their fertility. To this end, using data from the 2017-2018 Benin Demographic and Health Survey (EDSB-V), we use a probit model with selection to estimate the probability of a woman having at least one child over a three-year period preceding the survey as a function of the characteristics of the job held by the woman. The results show that the vast majority of Beninese women on the labour market tend to work at home, on family farms or on their own account in the agricultural or commercial sectors. These branches of activity do not necessarily require the use of skilled labor, and time management is relatively flexible. These labor market characteristics militate in favor of a high fertility rate among working women in Benin. These results provide elements for a fertility control policy in Benin.
Content analysis of print media articles on biodiversity conservation and human-wildlife conflict in Northeast India
Authors: Dey Sonali , Goswami Maitreyee , Sharma Narayan , Sarma Kuladip 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

There is a growing public concern and controversy regarding human-wildlife coexistence in suburban settings. To minimize the impact of human-wildlife conflicts (HWC) on conservation goals, we need to understand the mechanisms behind such conflicts. Much of the public dissemination of information about biodiversity and wildlife, human-wildlife conflicts and awareness of conservation occur through the mass media. Wildlife news is presumed to be an under-reported item in the media. This study conducted a content analysis of print media articles on wildlife, biodiversity conservation and human-wildlife conflict in North-East (NE) India. 61% of the analysed newspapers are National followed by 38% Local newspapers and only 1% Community newspapers. The reports emphasized more on large endangered land mammals of NE India including Big-cats, Rhinos, Elephants, and other endangered species such as Greater adjutant storks accounting for 290 articles out of the 503 wildlife reports considered in this paper. Poaching of rhinos was one of the issues majorly covered by both the Local and National newspapers. Business newspapers focused less on wildlife issues and conservation awareness as compared to other National newspapers. Undergoing conservation projects such as the Pygmy Hog Conservation Programme were reported significantly less in the daily newspapers. Media can play an important role in shaping the scenario regarding wildlife and biodiversity and the outlook of public towards them by spreading awareness and educating people on the need of conservation of wildlife and the environment.
Development and validation of a risk prediction model for frailty in Chinese middle-aged and elderly people with arthritis
Authors: Li Can-yang , Li Ya-qin , Zhuang Zhuang , Wang Ya-qi , Gong Ni , Lyu Qi-yuan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Frailty is common in people with arthritis and may result in a range of adverse consequences. This study aimed to investigate risk factors for frailty in people with arthritis and to develop and validate a nomogram prediction model.
Methods
The study used data from the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). This study analyzed 36 indicators including socio-demographic, behavioral, and health status factors. Participants were randomly included in training and validation sets in a ratio of 7:3. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used on the training set to screen the best predictor variables of the model through 10-fold cross-validation. Binary logistic regression was used to explore the related factors of frailty in people with arthritis. Construct nomograms to develop prediction models. Use receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to evaluate the discrimination ability of the model, Calibration curves to evaluate calibration, and decision curve analysis (DCA) to evaluate clinical validity.
Results
A total of 6209 people with arthritis were included in this study, of whom 952 (15.3%) suffered from frailty. The nomogram model includes 9 predictive factors: age, gender, activities of daily living (ADL), waistline, cognitive function, depressive symptoms, hearing status, self-perceived health status, and inpatient needs. The model shows good consistency and accuracy. The AUC values for the model in the training set and validation set are 0.866 (95% CI = 0.852-0.880) and 0.854 (95% CI = 0.832-0.876) respectively. The calibration curves showed good accuracy between the nomogram model and actual observations. ROC and DCA showed that the nomogram had good predictive performance.
Conclusions
The frailty risk prediction model constructed in this study has good discrimination, calibration, and clinical validity in people with arthritis. It is a promising and convenient tool that can be used as an objective guide for the clinical screening of high-risk populations.
Functions of aldolase in lipid synthesis of Schizochytrium sp. by gene disruption to switch carbon metabolism
Authors: Zhang Yiting , Wu Xuejun , Guo Xiaoyun , Li Keyan , Lu Yinghua , Lin Xihuang , Ling Xueping 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
As a key rate-limiting enzyme in the glycolytic pathway of cells, aldolase affects the distribution of intracellular carbon flux and determines the overall ability of subsequent cell metabolism, which are mainly reported in the medical related researches, but rarely involved microorganisms. In this study, the aldolase gene of Schizochytrium limacinum SR21 (ALDOA) was knocked out to explore the effect of regulating carbon flux on cell growth and lipid synthesis.
Results
The knockout of ALDOA showed an adverse effect on cell growth and total lipids production, which was decreased by 9.6% and 23.2%, respectively, but helped to improve the synthetic ability of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), in which the proportion of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) increased by 22.9%. Analysis of phospholipomics, real-time quantitative PCR and metabolomics revealed that the knockout of ALDOA weakened the glycolysis pathway and tricarboxylic acid cycle to inhibit cell growth, and lowered the Kennedy pathway to reduce the production of total lipids and the synthesis of phospholipids to affect cell metabolism. Correspondingly, the knockout of ALDOA enhanced the metabolic flux of the pentose phosphate pathway to provide more reducing power for PUFAs accumulation and improved the glycerophosphorylcholine acylation pathway to promote the accumulation of DHA.
Conclusions
ALDOA knockout redistributes the carbon metabolic flux in cells, by weakening the glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle and glyceride synthesis pathway to inhibit cell growth and total lipid production, and strengthening the pentose phosphate pathway and glycerophosphorylcholine acylation pathway to increase the synthesis of PUFAs and DHA accumulation. This study provides a new idea for identifying the aldolase function in microorganisms and a metabolic strategy to improve DHA accumulation in Schizochytrium.
Toxicity Study of Silica Nanoparticles Following 94-Day Repeated Oral Administration in Sprague Dawley Rats
Authors: Cao Xiqian , Xie Bin , Xu Mingxiao , Li Jifeng , Dai Xiaoyu , Tian Yijun , Zhang Jiqianzhu , Chen Yun , Yan Lang , Zhang Bin , Shi Wenjing , Ren Lijun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This study was designed to investigate the toxic response of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats following oral administration of different doses of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) for 94 consecutive days, as well as the recovery after 30 days of withdrawal. Rats were orally administered SiNPs at dosages of 0, 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg /day once a day for 94 continuous days. By the end of the study, there were no fatalities in any of the experimental animals that received SiNPs orally. Under the tested doses, no adverse effects related to SiNPs treatment were observed in a comprehensive assessment of several dimensions, including clinical signs, body weight changes, food consumption, hematological parameters, blood biochemical indices, urinalysis, organ weights and coefficients, and gross and histopathology. Based on the current study results, the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) for repeated oral administration of SiNPs in rats for 94 consecutive days was designated as 500 mg/kg/day.
Fine Distributions of Non-potential Magnetic Field Parameters in a Super-Active Region with Complex Structures and Strong Solar Flares
Authors: Liu Suo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The non-potential magnetic field parameters serve as vital indicators in solar active regions, profoundly intertwined with solar flares. In this study, extrapolation techniques are employed to reconstruct the three-dimensional magnetic field configuration from vector magnetic field on the photosphere of the active region NOAA 9077 with super strong X5.7 solar flare event (SOL2000-07-14T10:24), which observed by the Solar Magnetic Field Telescope (SMFT) at Huairou Solar Observing Station (HSOS). Then, various magnetic field parameters such as current density, shear angle, quasi-separatrix layers, twist, and field line helicity are calculated. With the aim to understand the relations between magnetic field properties and solar flares, the fine distributions of these non-potential magnetic field parameters are analysed, and their changes before and after solar flares are investigated with the greatest attention. Overall, helicity and free energy decrease after super flares, while free energy peaks ∼1.5 days before flare. The distributions of quasi-separatrix layers and twist have high degree of complexity before flare. Multi patterns of high current density regions probably suggest unstable magnetic structures prone to flaring, aligning with shear angle distributions. Relative field line helicity patterns differ from current density, but concentrate before flares and diverge afterward. Overall, current density patterns contrast relative field line helicity.