bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salivary stress biomarker levels during speech in patients with maxillectomy defect
Authors: Ugawa Yukiko , Nishigawa Goro , Maruo Yukinori , Suwaki Michihiro , Minagi Shogo 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackgroundAfter resection of maxillofacial tumors, severe functional problems related to mastication, deglutition, and speech are observed in addition to the changes in appearance and psychosocial functioning. Although speech outcome is recovered with prosthetic treatments, patients sometimes complain of continued dissatisfaction with their speech. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential dissatisfaction of patients with maxillectomy defects during speech.MethodsSixteen patients with maxillary obturator were compared with a matched control group. Functional improvement by the maxillofacial prosthesis was confirmed using a speech intelligibility test, a chewing function score, and visual analogue scale on subjective satisfaction. Cortisol and chromogranin A (CgA) were evaluated after prescribed speech tasks.ResultsCgA in patients with maxillectomy defects was significantly higher than that in the control group (p < .05), even after the functional improvement by maxillofacial prosthesis.ConclusionIt was revealed that patients with maxillectomy defects have significant psychological stresses during speech, even when their maxillofacial prosthesis resulted in successful functional improvement. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Open organ preservation surgery of the larynx: Experience of Istituto Nazionale Tumori of Milan
Authors: Guzzo Marco , Ferraro Letizia , Rezzonico Silvia , Ibba Tullio , Bianchi Roberto , Fontanella Walter , Scaramellini Gabriele 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of the present study was to report the oncological and functional results of our experience in open organ preservation surgery of the larynx.MethodsBetween 1978 and 2006, 140 patients were treated with organ preservation surgery of the larynx. Feeding tube and tracheotomy duration, surgical infection, fistulae, and pneumonia were recorded.ResultsMost patients were treated with supraglottic laryngectomies. Thirteen patients (9%) experienced a faringo‐cutaneous fistula, 23 (16%) presented with a surgical site infection, and 6 (4%) developed pneumonia. Tracheotomy was maintained for a median period of 47 days in patients who did not receive postoperative radiotherapy (RT) and 140 days in patients who did. Eight (6%) total laryngectomies were performed because of oncological and functional reasons. Tube feeding continued for an average period of 34 days. Patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) had 5‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) of 83.6%.ConclusionOpen organ preservation surgery proved oncologically effective with good functional outcome and acceptable complications. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Cytogenetic abnormalities in reactive lymphoid hyperplasia: byproducts of the germinal centre reaction or indicators of lymphoma?
Authors: Sevilla Deborah W. , Murty Vundavalli V. , Sun Xin‐Lai , Nandula Subhadra V. , Mansukhani Mahesh M. , Alobeid Bachir , Bhagat Govind 
Published: August 2010

AbstractNon‐random karyotypic abnormalities associated with non‐Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) have been described in cases of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH). However, the frequency and types of cytogenetic aberrations detected and their clinical relevance are unknown. To address these questions, we undertook a retrospective analysis of a large series of RLH diagnosed at our institute over 8 years. Cytogenetic abnormalities were identified in 20 of 116 (17%) cases with informative karyotypes, comprising 14 (70%) structural and 11 (55%) numerical changes. Clonal (n = 14, 70%) and non‐clonal (n = 6, 30%) abnormalities were observed. Aberrations of chromosome 14 were the most frequent (n = 8, 42%, 7 represented IgH translocations), followed by chromosome 3 (n = 4, 3 represented BCL6 translocations), and chromosome 12 (n = 4). Abnormal karyotypes were most often associated with florid follicular hyperplasia. Isolated lymphoid organ (lymph node, tonsil or spleen) enlargement (12/20, 60%) was more common, no specific etiology was identified in 10/20 (50%) cases and only 1 of 18 patients with clinical follow‐up (range 2–107 months, median 60 months) developed lymphoma. In our experience, cytogenetic abnormalities involving loci associated with B‐cell NHL are not infrequently detected in RLH. Their occurrence portends low risk for lymphomagenesis, however longer follow‐up is prudent to further evaluate the natural history of such cases. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Drifting runoff periodicity during the 20th century due to changing surface water volume
Authors: Wörman Anders , Lindström Göran , Åkesson Anna , Riml Joakim 
Published: August 2010

AbstractFourier and wavelet analyses were used to reveal the dominant trends and coherence of a more than one‐century‐long time series of precipitation and discharge in several watersheds in Sweden, two of which were subjected to hydropower and intensive agriculture. During the 20th century, there was a gradual, significant drift of the dominant discharge periodicity in agricultural watersheds. This study shows that the steepness of the Fourier spectrum of runoff from the May to October period each year increased gradually during the century, which suggests a more predictable intra‐annual runoff pattern (more apart from white‐noise). In the agricultural watershed, the coherence spectrum of precipitation and runoff is generally high with a consistent white‐noise relationship for precipitation during the 20th century, indicating that precipitation is not controlling the drift of the discharge spectrum. In the hydropower regulated watershed, there was a sudden decrease of the discharge spectrum slope when regulation commenced in the 1920s. This study develops a new theory in which the runoff spectrum is related to the hydraulic and hydro‐morphological characteristics of the watershed. Using this theory, we explain the changes in runoff spectra in the two watersheds by the anthropogenic change in surface water volume and, hence, changes in kinematic wave celerity and water transit times. The reduced water volume in the agricultural watershed would also contribute to decreasing evaporation, which could explain a slightly increasing mean discharge during the 20th century despite the fact that precipitation was statistically constant in the area. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
1, 2 di‐substituted idopyranose from Vitex negundo l. Protects against streptozotocin‐induced diabetes by inhibiting nuclear factor‐kappa B and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression
Authors: Manikandan Ramar , Thiagarajan Raman , Beulaja Sivagnanam , Sivakumar Mullaivanam Ramasamy , Meiyalagan Velayutham , Sundaram Ramalingam , Arumugam Munusamy 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate the mechanism of an action of compound isolated from Vitex negundo in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic mice. Light microscopic examination of liver, kidney and pancreatic sections of streptozotocin‐induced diabetic mice showed changes like coarsening of acinar cells of endoplasmic reticulum, destruction of β‐cells, and alteration in their secretory function were observed in the pancreas. Changes like dilation of vein, unusual concentric arrangement of hepatocytes, and liver fibrosis were observed in the liver. Thickening of tubules and expansion of glomerulus were observed in kidneys. All these altered parameters were reversed close to normal condition upon treatment using idopyranose. The results show the antidiabetic potential of idopyranose. Interestingly, liver, kidney, and pancreatic sections of diabetic mice fed with the isolated 1, 2 di‐substituted idopyranose showed regeneration of hepatocytes, nephrocytes, as well as β‐cells and acinar region appeared normal with increased numbers of β‐cells. To understand the probable mechanism of action of 1, 2 di‐substituted idopyranose, we analyzed proinflammatory inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) expression by immunohistochemistry and the results showed an increased iNOS and NF‐κB levels in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic liver, kidney and pancreas. Such high iNOS and NF‐κB levels were inhibited in 1, 2 di‐substituted idopyranose treated mice. The results suggest that 1, 2 di‐substituted idopyranose helps in the protection of hepatocytes, nephrocytes and pancreatic β‐cells probably by its action against NF‐κB and iNOS mediated inflammation in streptozotocin‐induced diabetes. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Authentication of Chinese Materia Medica decoction dregs, Part 1: Comparison of morphological and microscopic features of four Chinese Materia Medica before and after decoction
Authors: Wong Lailai , Liang Zhitao , Chen Hubiao , Zhao Zhongzhen 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChinese Materia Medica (CMM) decoction dregs are the residues of medicinal materials after decoction. Accurate identification of CMM in decoction dregs will be helpful for exploring the causes of poisoning or other medical incidents arising after the ingestion of CMM decoctions. To determine how decoction affects the characteristics used to authenticate specific CMM, a systematic study was carried out. In this study, two pairs of Materia Medica that are commonly confused—namely, Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) and Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Baishao (Paeoniae Alba Radix) and Chishao (Paeoniae Rubra Radix)—were chosen for investigation. Each pair of Materia Medica has similar morphology in appearance, but they have different functions in Chinese clinic. After decoction, with regard to gross morphological characters, the results showed that bark and wood could be easily distinguished. The striation of vessels and fibers became more prominent because of the contraction of parenchymatous cells, but the lignified cells did not. As for the microscopic characteristics, the cells with thickened walls, such as stone cells and fibers, were basically stable. Most of the parenchymatous cells were broken. Crystals of calcium oxalate showed no changes as they were insoluble in water. Starch granules were gelatinized and aggregated in parenchymatous cells. Inulins were substantially reduced in number as they dissolved in water during decoction. According to these changes in morphological and microscopic characteristics after decoction, the dregs of two pairs of Materia Medica could be distinguished. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ultrastructural localization of fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphatase in mouse brain
Authors: Velásquez Z.D. , Pérez M. , Morán M.A. , Yanez A.J. , Ávila J. , Slebe J.C. , Gómez‐Ramos P. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractFructose‐1,6‐bisphosphatase has been studied in adult mouse brain of different ages using an antibody directed against the liver isoform. The presence of liver fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphatase in cerebellum, cerebral cortex, and hippocampus was assayed using Western blot and different immunocytochemical techniques. Immunocytochemistry with peroxidase reaction product was used to locate fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphatase in both neurons and astrocytes in the same areas, as well as in the rest of the brain, at light and electron microscope levels. Double immunofluorescence with neuronal or astrocytic markers confirmed the neuronal and astrocytic location of fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphatase in confocal microscope images. At the subcellular level, fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphatase was located in the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments of both neurons and astrocytes, at all ages studied. Ultrastructurally, immunostaining appeared as small patches in the nucleus and the cytosol. In addition, immunostaining was present over the outer mitochondrial membrane, the plasma membrane, and the membranes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope, but not over Golgi membranes. In the neuropil fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphatase was located in dendritic spines, as well as in abundant astrocytic processes that, in some cases, surrounded immunopositive synapses. The possible role of fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphatase in neurons and astrocytes is discussed. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Radiosynthesis of 7‐chloro‐N,N‐dimethyl‐5‐[11C]methyl‐4‐oxo‐3‐phenyl‐3,5‐dihydro‐4H‐pyridazino[4,5‐b]indole‐1‐acetamide, [11C]SSR180575, a novel radioligand for imaging the TSPO (peripheral benzodiazepine receptor) with PET
Authors: Thominiaux Cyrille , Damont Annelaure , Kuhnast Bertrand , Demphel Stéphane , Le Helleix Stéphane , Boisnard Sabine , Rivron Luc , Chauveau Fabien , Boutin Hervé , Van Camp Nadia , Boisgard Raphaël , Roy Sébastien , Allen John , Rooney Thomas , Benavides Jesus , Hantraye Philippe , Tavitian Bertrand , Dollé Frédéric 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSSR180575 (7‐chloro‐N,N,5‐trimethyl‐4‐oxo‐3‐phenyl‐3,5‐dihydro‐4H‐pyridazino[4,5‐b]indole‐1‐acetamide) is the lead compound of an original pyridazinoindole series of potent and highly selective TSPO (peripheral benzodiazepine receptor) ligands. Isotopic labeling of SSR180575 with the short‐lived positron‐emitter carbon‐11 (T1/2: 20.38 min) at its 5‐methylpyridazino[4,5‐b]indole moiety as well as at itsN,N‐dimethylacetamide function by methylation of the correspondingnor‐analogues was investigated. Best results in terms of radiochemical yields and purities were obtained for the preparation of [indole‐N‐methyl‐11C]SSR180575, where routine production batches of 4.5–5.0 GBq of radiochemically pure (>99%)i.v.injectable solutions (specific radioactivities: 50–90 GBq/µmol) could be prepared within a total synthesis time of 25 min (HPLC purification included) starting from a 55 GBq [11C]CO2cyclotron production batch (non‐decay‐corrected overall radiochemical yields: 8–9%). The process comprises (1) trapping at −10°C of [11C]methyl triflate in DMF (300 µl) containing 0.2–0.3 mg of the indole precursor for labeling and 4 mg of K2CO3(excess); (2) heating at 120°C for 3 min; (3) dilution of the residue with 0.5 ml of the HPLC mobile phase and (4) purification using semi‐preparative reversed‐phase HPLC (Zorbax®SB‐C‐18).In vivopharmacological properties of [indole‐N‐methyl‐11C]SSR180575 as a candidate for imaging neuroinflammation with positron emission tomography are currently evaluated. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of deuterium‐labelled trantinterol
Authors: Wen Hongliang , Pan Li , Zhang Yingdan , Ma Jiacheng , Qin Liqiong , Cheng Maosheng 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTrantinterol, a selective β2‐adrenoceptor agonist, is currently in Phase II clinical trials for the treatment of asthma and bronchitis. The synthesis of deuterium‐labelled trantinterol is described. The labelled trantinterol is used as an internal standard for the analysis and metabolic studies. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Syntheses of the tricyclic cores of clozapine, dibenzo[b,f][1,4]thiazepin‐11(10H)‐one, and dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepin‐11(10H)‐one in C‐14 labeled form by [14C]carbonylation
Authors: Elmore Charles S. , Dorff Peter N. , Richard Heys J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractClozapine has been demonstrated to bind covalently to proteins as a result of metabolic activation that has been proposed to be a precursor to the serious side effects including death that occur in a small percentage of the population. The covalent modification of proteins by clozapine has been studied by several groups and is well documented; therefore, the department of drug metabolism desired to use [14C]clozapine as a positive control for covalent binding assays. The preparation of [14C]clozapine was first conducted using a previous reported route and then using a new route that utilized [14C]carbonylation as the isotope incorporating step. While this route worked, it was not deemed superior to the previous route. However, this methodology proved quite effective in preparing C‐14 labeled dibenzothiazepine and dibenzoxapine ring systems. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of a tritium‐labeled photo‐affinity probe based on an atypical leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitor
Authors: Kumar Nag S. , Braun Matthew P. , Chaudhary Ashok G. , Young Robert N. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA radiolabeled photo‐affinity probe containing a diazirine group was designed and synthesized based on an atypical leukotriene (LT) biosynthesis inhibitor to determine whether this type of inhibitor (such as 5) interacts with a novel protein, critical for LT biosynthesis. One of the key transformations was to introduce a tritium label in the thiazole ring. This was eventually achieved by treating the iodinated compound with tritium, Pt/C (sulfided) and triethylamine in anhydrous aprotic solvent, to give the tritiated compound with a specific activity of 303 GBq/mmol. The affinity probe will be used to identify the proteins and protein complexes with which this type of molecules interacts with in inflammatory cells. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Der Verlauf der Nährstoffaufnahme aus durchfließender verdünnter Nährlösung durch Mais und Hanf
Authors: Ungerer E. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn einer früheren Veröffentlichung (1) wurde mittels des Schlösingschen Sand‐Wasserkulturverfahrens der Verlauf der Nährstoffaufnahme aus sehr verdünnten, ständig sich erneuernden, sowie aus konzentrierten stehenden Lösungen bei gleichem äquivalenten Nährstoffverhältnis verfolgt und gezeigt, daß Nährsalzkonzentrationen, wie sie in “Bodenlösungen” vorkommen (etwa 0,1%), nicht ausreichen, um die Pflanzen zu einer höchstmöglichen Bildung organischer Masse zu befähigen (2). Aus der konzentrierteren Lösung war die Aufnahmegeschwindigkeit von Kalium und Nitratstickstoff (bezogen auf PO4) ungefähr doppelt so groß wie aus der sehr verdünnten, der prozentische Anteil an K2O und N in der Pflanze ein höherer; infolgedessen konnte auch mehr organische Masse gebildet werden. Die höhere organische Leistung der Pflanze in konzentrierterer Nährlösung wurde deren höheren osmotischen Wert zugeschrieben. “Bodenlösungen” haben nach J. Russel (3) einen sehr geringen osmotischen Druck von etwa 0,2 Atmosphären. In diesem Zusammenhang sei an Versuche Prjanischnikows und seiner Schüler erinnert, wobei durch Erhöhung des osmotischen Druckes der Nährlösung durch Zusatz von Neutralsalzen, wie Chlornatrium, sowohl eine Zunahme der Aschenbestandteile als auch eine Vermehrung der organischen Masse (Versuch Tulaikow) herbeigeführt wurde (4).
Soil property changes following conversion of acacia woodland into grazing and farmlands in the Rift Valley area of Ethiopia
Authors: Yimer F. , Abdelkadir A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractContinued conversion of woodlands into grazing and farmland is seriously undermining the natural ecosystem of the dry and fragile Rift Valley areas of Ethiopia. This study investigated the effects of land‐use change on soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (N), pH, exchangeable bases, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and base saturation (per cent) in three adjacent land‐use types: controlled grazing, open‐grazing and farmland. A total of 81 soil samples were collected and analysed. Contents of SOC and total N decreased drastically in open‐grazing and farmland (p < 0·001), and were significantly higher in the top 0·2 m than in the subsurface soil layer. Compared with the controlled grazing, reductions in the contents of SOC and total N in the top 1 m soil layer were 22–30 and 19 per cent, respectively, due possibly to the decrease in plant biomass input into the soil and the fast decomposition of organic materials. Long‐term cultivation had significantly increased the concentration of exchangeable K. Exchangeable Na was high in the lower layers, while Mg was higher in the top surface soil. CEC also varied with soil depth (p = 0·016); it was higher in the topsoil than in the subsurface soil, which may be, among others, due to the differences in soil organic matter distribution with depth. Although these semi‐arid soils are known to have low organic carbon and CEC levels, the values from the current study area are critically low, and may indicate the further impoverishment of the soils under high agricultural and grazing pressures. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tailored Albumin‐based Copolymers for Receptor‐Mediated Delivery of Perylenediimide Guest Molecules
Authors: Eisele Klaus , Gropeanu Radu , Musante Ashlan , Glasser Gunnar , Li Chen , Muellen Klaus , Weil Tanja 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe synthesis of a novel and multifunctional copolymer based on a human serum albumin backbone bearing several folic acid as well as PEO groups was presented. In solution, this side‐chain copolymer adopts a globular architecture and about five molecules of the water‐insoluble chromophore PDI were successfully incorporated into these micelles for receptor‐mediated cell uptake investigations. A significant uptake of these bioconjugates via receptor‐mediated endocytosis was detected for cells expressing folic acid receptors in the cell membrane. These novel albumin‐based copolymers could serve as efficient and biocompatible carrier systems facilitating the directed delivery of lipophilic drug molecules into cancer cells and they allow investigating vesicle formation and trafficking even at the single molecule level.magnified image
DYT6 dystonia: Mutation screening, phenotype, and response to deep brain stimulation
Authors: Groen Justus L. , Ritz Katja , Contarino Maria Fiorella , van de Warrenburg Bart P. , Aramideh Majid , Foncke Elisabeth M. , van Hilten Jacobus J. , Schuurman P. Richard , Speelman Johannes D. , Koelman Johannes H. , de Bie Rob M.A. , Baas Frank , Tijssen Marina A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractMutations in THAP1, a gene encoding a nuclear pro‐apoptotic protein, have been associated with DYT6 dystonia. First reports on the phenotype of DYT6 dystonia show an early onset dystonia with predominant cranio‐cervical and laryngeal involvement. Here we assessed the frequency and phenotype of THAP1 mutation carriers in a large Dutch cohort of adult‐onset (≥26 years) dystonia (n = 388) and early‐onset dystonia (n = 67) patients. We describe the phenotype of DYT6 dystonia patients and their response on GPi DBS. Overall, 3 nonsynonymous heterozygous mutations were detected in the early‐onset group (4.5%). Two DYT6 families were identified, showing a heterozygous phenotype. All patients had segmental or generalized dystonia, often associated with profound oromandibular and laryngeal involvement. No nonsynonymous mutations were found in patients with adult‐onset focal dystonia. Rare synonymous variants were identified in conserved regions of THAP1, two in the adult‐onset cervical dystonia group and one in the control group. Four DYT6 dystonia patients were treated with GPi DBS with moderate to good response on motor function but marginal benefit on speech. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
A hybrid approach to operating system discovery based on diagnosis
Authors: Gagnon F. , Esfandiari B. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe objective of operating system (OS) discovery is to find which OSs are running on computers in a given network. There are two existing strategies for OS discovery—active and passive—each having fundamental limitations. This paper discusses how the theory of diagnosis can be used to address, in a simple and elegant way, the problems associated with OS discovery. The problems are formalized in a logical framework and solutions are obtained through automated reasoning. The result of using such a knowledge‐oriented approach is a natural unification of the active and passive methods of OS discovery in a hybrid approach. This paper also illustrates the benefits of the hybrid approach by comparing its accuracy with other existing OS discovery tools through a large‐scale experiment.