bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The activities of the entrepreneur A.F. Philippeus in the Far East in the second half of the XIX century
Authors: Молчанова Е.Г. 
Published: May 2024

целью статьи является изучение деятельности на Дальнем Востоке предпринимателя Александра Федоровича Филиппеуса, оценка его места и роли в обеспечении жизнедеятельности северных районов края. В статье прослеживается деятельность А.Ф. Филиппеуса с момента его приезда в регион и до завершения его дела. Отмечается, что на протяжении двух десятилетий, с конца 60-х до конца 80-х гг. XIX в., этот предприниматель взял на себя основную обязанность снабжения жителей северных отдаленных территорий Дальнего Востока России необходимыми товарами. Именно он, при помощи государственной субсидии, организовал пароходное сообщение, перевозку пассажиров, грузов и почты между Владивостоком, Корсаковским портом и северными населенными пунктами. В статье подчеркивается, что на характер ведения бизнеса А.Ф. Филиппеуса оказывали влияние неординарные способности, хорошее знание северных районов Дальнего Востока России, а также такие черты личности как основательность, ответственность, неравнодушие к нуждам и потребностям населения снабжаемых им регионов. При этом автор отмечает, что деятельность А.Ф. Филиппеуса, как и полагается предпринимателю, отличалась прагматичностью, желанием получать прибыли и преференции от правительства. В статье также сделан акцент на том, что его деятельность была связана с иностранными фирмами, в первую очередь с американской компанией «Уолш и К°».
the purpose of this article is to study the activities of entrepreneur Alexander Fedorovich Philippeus in the Far East, to assess his place and role in ensuring the vital activity of the northern regions of the region. The article traces the activities of A.F. Philippeus from the moment of his arrival in the region to the completion of his case. It is noted that for two decades, from the late 60s to the late 80s of the XIX century, this entrepreneur assumed the main responsibility of supplying residents of the northern remote territories of the Russian Far East with necessary goods. It was he who, with the help of a state subsidy, organized a steamship service, transportation of passengers, cargo and mail between Vladivostok, Korsakov port and northern settlements. The article emphasizes that the nature of A.F. Philippeus' business was influenced by extraordinary abilities, good knowledge of the northern regions of the Russian Far East, as well as personality traits such as thoroughness, responsibility, and indifference to the needs and requirements of the population of the regions supplied by him. At the same time, the author notes that the activities of A.F. Philippeus, as befits an entrepreneur, was distinguished by pragmatism, a desire to receive profits and preferences from the government. The article also focuses on the fact that his activities were associated with foreign firms, primarily with the American company Walsh & Co.
FATORES RELACIONADOS À REINCIDÊNCIA DE CASOS DE SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT ENTRE ENFERMEIROS
Authors: De Lima Pereira Costa Sandra Helena , Soares de Azevedo Carlos Eduardo , Cavalcante Severino Carlos Eduardo 
Published: May 2024

Diversas vezes o serviço do enfermeiro está atrelado a más condições de trabalho, ambiente doentio, excesso de carga de horários trabalhadas, exposição a riscos, unidos à vulnerabilidade e às condições de saúde do trabalhador. Esses motivos podem levar a distúrbios e transtornos psicológicos como estresse e síndrome de Burnout. Objetivo: Analisar a partir da literatura existente, quais os fatores que têm contribuído para reincidência de casos da síndrome de Burnout entre enfermeiros no período de 2019 a 2023. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão bibliográfica integrativa realizada nas bases de dados eletrônicas nacionais (SCIELO) e internacionais (IBECS, PUBMED e LILACS) em que foram selecionados de acordo com critérios, oito artigos que revelaram que a sindrome afeta gravemente os enfermeiros em diversas áreas como saúde mental, física, desempenho profissional, relações interpessoais, satisfação e retenção, o que acaba impactando negativamente o cuidado aos paciente de várias maneiras como qualidade do atendimento, empatia, comunicação, capacidade de tomar decisões, continuidade do cuidado e motivação. Conclusão: A escassa literatura evidencia a necessidade de estudos sobre a síndrome de Burnout como causadora de grandes impactos na vida profissional e pessoal dos enfermeiros. O modo como as pessoas são tratadas e como lidam com os problemas e dificuldades de sua rotina seja no trabalho ou não, contribui para o surgimento ou piora desse distúrbio.

Palavras-chave: Enfermagem; Burnout; Estresse ocupacional.
Cognitive Distortions, Social Interaction Anxiety and Life Satisfaction among School Students
Authors: Khan Saira , Khalid Ayub , Iqbal Muhammad Maqsood , Shahzadi Neelam 
Published: May 2024

Objective: To investigate the relationship between social interaction anxiety, cognitive distortions, and life satisfaction among school students.
Design: Correlational and Cross-sectional research design was used for the present study.
Place and Duration: Present study was conducted in Faisalabad during 2019 to 2020.
Method: A sample of 200 students having inaction anxiety (boys=100, girls=100) with age range 14-16 were recruited through purposive sampling from Government schools of the Faisalabad. Demographic Information Sheet, Social Interaction Anxiety Scale, Cognitive Distortions Scale and student’s life satisfaction scale were used to collect information about the students, social interaction anxiety, cognitive distortions and life satisfaction of the respondents.
Result: The results indicated that social interaction anxiety had a significant and positive correlation with cognitive distortion (r = .66, p < .001) and negative but significant correlation with life satisfaction (r = -.60, p < .001). Cognitive distortion was emerged as strong predictor for social interaction anxiety that accounted 46% variance for social interaction anxiety and social interaction anxiety was emerged as strong predictor for life satisfaction that accounted 36% of variance for life satisfaction. Results indicated that female students were having more social interaction anxiety & cognitive distortions and less satisfied with life as compared to male students.
Conclusion: Individuals with social interaction anxiety have dysfunctional thoughts. Due to cognitive distortions these individuals evaluate social situations in a negative way and prior to interaction, these individuals appraise the social situation in a negative way. These individuals were also dissatisfied with their life. The findings of the study might be helpful for teachers, parents and the students to identify and handle the cognitive distortions.

Key Words: Social Interaction Anxiety, Cognitive Distortions, Life Satisfaction
POST-PRIVATISATION PROTECTION OF EMPLOYMENT RIGHTS IN TANZANIA
Authors: Lugaziya Mutabaazi. J. 
Published: May 2024

Privatisation of public enterprises in Tanzania, wholly or partially, was propagated on the promise that it was the panacea to all economic ills, which was to include revival of public enterprises, most of which were limping or resurrecting from the tomb of Lazarus into which they had been laid. However, the promised miracles, including increased employment and improved working conditions have not happened. On the contrary, one net effect of privatisation was the reduction in employment, which prompted government intervention through a number of laws and policies to address the plight of employees, particularly securing their employment and creating good working conditions. Subsequently, indigenous employees were given preference in employment wherenecessary, and their positions were secured. Moreover, even where the investor had employed some foreigners, the law made provision that such positions would eventuallybe taken over by indigenous employees. However, these restrictions were said to violate the so called international best labour practices embodied in various ILO Conventions to which Tanzania is a party. In this study, it is argued that the legislations which are said to restrict the employment of foreigners to give more opportunity to Tanzanianswere necessary, despite the international treaties to which Tanzania is a signatory. Tanzania as a sovereign state, should be able to pass legislations which are beneficial to its people, without necessarily hurting the interests of the investors, which include conducive environment for doing their business and getting profits, without regard towho should be employed.
Sucrose rinse modulates the salivary behavior of carbonic anhydrase VI and its buffering capacity: a longitudinal study in 4 to 6.5-year-old children
Authors: Souza Thayse Rodrigues de , Zancope Bruna Raquel , de Sousa Emerson Tavares , Parisotto Thais Manzano , Rocha Marques Marcelo , Nobre dos Santos Marinês 
Published: May 2024

Background
Carbonic anhydrase VI (CA VI) is crucial in regulating oral pH and predicting susceptibility to dental caries. The hypothesis posits that caries activity may alter the CA VI function, diminishing its capacity to regulate pH effectively and potentially exacerbating cariogenic challenges. This 1-year cohort study sought to investigate the enzymatic activity of salivary CA VI and buffering capacity following a 20% sucrose rinse in 4 to 6.5-year-old children.

Method
This research involved 46 volunteers categorized into three groups based on their caries status after follow-up: caries-free (CFee), arrested caries (CArrested), and caries active (CActive). Children underwent visible biofilm examination and saliva collection for salivary flow rate, buffering capacity, and CA VI analyses before and after a 20% sucrose rinse.

Results
A reduction in the buffering capacity was observed after sucrose rinse in all groups. The CA VI activity decreased significantly in CFee and CArrested groups after sucrose rinse, although it did not change in the CActive group. An improvement in the buffering capacity and salivary flow rate was found at follow-up when compared with the baseline. After 1-year follow-up, buffering capacity and salivary flow rate increased in all groups, whilst the CA VI activity reduced only in CFree and CArrested children.

Conclusion
Sucrose rinse universally reduces the salivary buffering capacity, while caries activity may disrupt CA VI activity response during a cariogenic challenge. After a year, increased salivary flow enhances buffering capacity but not CA VI activity in caries-active children.
Study on Constraints and Problems Faced by the Farmers in Marketing of Broiler in Shahdara, Delhi NCR
Authors: Saini Mansi , Kumar Sanjay 
Published: May 2024

The present investigation was carried out purposefully chosen from the NCR based on the largest area under broiler chicken consumption during period 2023 conducted at the Broiler farm, Shahdara Delhi NCR to evaluate the constraints and problems faced by the farmers in marketing of Broiler in Shahdara region. The study concluded that marketing of Broiler is more profitable for large farm groups (those with an area of more than 3000m²) to produce broiler chickens. The results indicate that the respondents had a stable economic background, with primary education that allowed them better access to all the resources. To conduct the study chi square and garrett ranking was performed. The most of farmers were selling broiler chicken through channel I (Producer-Wholesaler-Dresser-cum-Retailer-Consumer), when comparing channel II (Producer-Supplier-Wholesaler-Dresser-cum-Retailer-Consumer) to channel III (Producer-Commission Agent-Supplier-Wholesaler-Dresser-cum-Retailer-Consumer). Channel I is the more efficient channel and has more marketing efficiency than Channels II and III.
Characterization of Mixed Amine Functionalized Carbon Nanotube from Nigerian Sub Bituminous Coal
Authors: Michael Odineze C. , Odigure Joseph O. , Mohammed Alhassan , Abdulkareem Ambali S. 
Published: May 2024

It is a known fact that the behaviour and performance of any sorbent material such as functionalized CNTs is dependent on its inherent or modified micro structural property. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) adsorbent was produced and characterized from Nigerian Sub-bituminous coal obtained in Udi, Enugu state. This is to determine the suitability of the mixed amine functionalized CNT adsorbent for CO2 adsorption, inorder to help in the mitigation of global warming. A mixture of two amines (Mono ethanol Amine (MEA) and Tri ethanol amine (TEA)) of different proportion was immobilized into the pores of the Carbon nanotube by wet impregnation method. The prepared adsorbent was characterized before and after amine modification with X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Transition Electron Microspore (TEM) Scanned Electron Microscope (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) technique. Results from the XRD analysis shows that there is a drastic decrease in the height of the peaks at 2θ = 27, which correspond to 100 for CNT-MEA x-TEA y composites. This can be attributed to the filling of the pores by the amine in the Carbon nanotube. Similarly, there is a dominating appearance of amine functional group at different peaks of the FTIR spectrum. Furthermore, the internal morphology of the adsorbent as revealed by the TEM image shows that the dominant product is a twisted multi-walled CNT, which is partly filled with metal-like particles from the catalyst. The SEM image depicts a clear variation in the surface chemistry of the various CNTs initiated by differences in the mixed amine formulation. Finally, observation from the BET analysis shows a decrease in the surface area, total pore volume and pore size of the CNTs adsorbent after it was modified with Amine. All of these result shows that combination of the two different amines, can further improve the adsorption capacity of functionalized CNT sorbents for CO2 adsorption, in mitigating global warming.
Compact self‐constructing recurrent fuzzy neural network with decision feedback for quadrature amplitude modulation signaling systems
Authors: Chang Yao‐Jen , Ho Chia‐Lu 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYThis paper proposes a novel adaptive decision feedback equalizer (DFE) based on compact self‐constructing recurrent fuzzy neural network (CSRFNN) for quadrature amplitude modulation systems. Without the prior knowledge of channel characteristics, a novel training scheme containing both compact self‐constructing learning (CSL) and real‐time recurrent learning algorithms is derived for the CSRFNN. The proposed CSL algorithm adopts two evaluation criteria to intelligently decide the number of fuzzy rules that are necessary. The real‐time recurrent learning is performed simultaneously with the CSL at each time instant to adjust DFE parameters. The proposed DFE is compared with several neural network‐based DFEs on a nonlinear complex‐valued channel. The results show that the CSRFNN DFE is superior to classical neural network DFEs in terms of symbol‐error rate, convergence speed, and time cost. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mechanical Characterization of Amyloid Fibrils Using Coarse‐Grained Normal Mode Analysis
Authors: Yoon Gwonchan , Kwak Jinhak , Kim Jae In , Na Sungsoo , Eom Kilho 
Published: July 2011

AbstractRecent experimental studies have shown that amyloid fibril formed by aggregation of β peptide exhibits excellent mechanical properties comparable to other protein materials such as actin filaments and microtubules. These excellent mechanical properties of amyloid fibrils are related to their functional role in disease expression. This indicates the necessity of understanding how an amyloid fibril achieves the remarkable mechanical properties through self‐aggregation with structural hierarchy. However, the structure‐property–function relationship still remains elusive. In this work, the mechanical properties of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) are studied with respect to its structural hierarchies and structural shapes by coarse‐grained normal mode analysis. The simulation shows that hIAPP fibril can achieve the excellent bending rigidity via specific aggregation patterns such as antiparallel stacking of β peptides. Moreover, the length‐dependent mechanical properties of amyloids are found. This length‐dependent property has been elucidated from a Timoshenko beam model that takes into account the shear effect on the bending of amyloids. In summary, the study sheds light on the importance of not only the molecular architecture, which encodes the mechanical properties of the fibril, but also the shear effect on the mechanical (bending) behavior of the fibril.
One‐Dimensional Nanostructures of Ferroelectric Perovskites
Authors: Rørvik Per Martin , Grande Tor , Einarsrud Mari‐Ann 
Published: July 2011

AbstractNanorods, nanowires, and nanotubes of ferroelectric perovskites have recently been studied with increasing intensity due to their potential use in non‐volatile ferroelectric random access memory, nano‐electromechanical systems, energy‐harvesting devices, advanced sensors, and in photocatalysis. This Review summarizes the current status of these 1D nanostructures and gives a critical overview of synthesis routes with emphasis on chemical methods. The ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of the 1D nanostructures are discussed and possible applications are highlighted. Finally, prospects for future research within this field are outlined.
Studies on electro‐conductive yarns prepared byin situchemical and electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole
Authors: Maiti Syamal , Das Dipayan , Sen Kushal 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis work deals with preparation, characterization, and performance of electro‐conductive yarns prepared byin situchemical and electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole. Box‐Behnken design in conjunction with response surface analysis has been used to study the electrochemical polymerization process. The effect of electrochemical process parameters on the electrical resistivity has been reported. Further, the electrical and electromechanical behaviour of the electro‐conductive yarns thus produced has also been reported. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Analysis of hollow fiber reverse osmosis membrane module of axial flow type
Authors: Kumano Atsuo , Matsuyama Hideto 
Published: July 2011

AbstractSeveral analyses of hollow fiber reverse osmosis (RO) modules in which permeate water flows from the outer to the inner side of the membrane have been attempted over the past 20 years. In our previous work, an FCP (Friction Concentration Polarization) model showed good agreement with a wide range of actual performance data of a hollow fiber RO membrane module of radial flow type. In this work, this analytical model was applied to axial flow type hollow fiber modules. The performance of the axial flow type module with high packing density of hollow fibers was analyzed, taking into consideration the axial concentration profile in the module. It was confirmed that this model showed good agreement with experimental data for an axial flow type RO membrane module. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Synthesis of monolithic HPLC stationary phase with self‐assembled molecular recognition sites for 4‐aminophenol
Authors: Baykara Ersin , Tunc Yeliz , Ulubayram Kezban 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) monolith for selective recognition of 4‐aminophenol (4‐AMP) was prepared by in situ polymerization technique as high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) stationary phase. For this purpose, several 4‐AMP imprinted monoliths were synthesized by using only methacrylic acid (MAA), acrylamide (AAM), or isobornyl methacrylate (IBMA) in the presence of high amount of crosslinker, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA), and these polymeric monolith columns were connected to HPLC to evaluate their separation capabilities. By selection of appropriate functional monomer and optimization of polymerization conditions, MAA‐based monolithic MIP showed good flow through properties, high selectivity to the templated molecule, and high resolution in the separation of paracetamol and its main impurity, 4‐AMP. Besides, effective binding site density and dissociation constant of this monolith were estimated by using frontal chromatography and found as 7.95 μmol/g and 1.06 mM, respectively. Surface area of the same monolith was found as 23.48 m2/g from multipoint BET analysis. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Covulcanization of LLDPE/EMA blends using dicumyl peroxide
Authors: Borah Jyoti S. , Naskar Kinsuk , Chaki Tapan K. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe effect of dicumyl peroxide (DCP) content on the gel fraction, mechanical, dynamic mechanical, and thermal properties of linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE)/ethylene‐co‐methyl acrylate (EMA) blends were studied. Gel content of the blends increases with increasing DCP content, and EMA is more prone to crosslinking than LLDPE. Wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to study the effect of DCP crosslinking on percent crystallinity and crystalline structure of the blends and individual components. At lower level of DCP loading, crosslinking process does not have significant effect on the crystalline structure of the LLDPE, which was confirmed from the percent crystallinity and lattice distance value. However, at higher DCP content, percent crystallinity decreases significantly. At lower EMA concentration (<50%), percent crystallinity and lattice distance remain unchanged up to 2 wt % of DCP. For EMA contents of more than 50 wt %, increasing DCP content reduces the crystallinity of the blends and increases the lattice distance. The highest level of mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties was observed for 60/40 LLDPE/EMA blends at 2 wt % DCP. Addition of LLDPE‐g‐MA (3 wt %) as a compatibilizer enhances the properties of the vulcanizates. Blends crosslinked with DCP up to 0.3 wt % can easily be reprocessed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Effects of solvent polarity on the reaction of phenol with tolylene‐2,4‐diisocyanate
Authors: Yang Peng Fei , De Han Yong , Li Tian Duo , Li Jun Ying 
Published: July 2011

AbstractUsing tolylene‐2,4‐diisocyanate as standard compound, the relationship between NCO absorbance and concentration was studied with in situ FTIR. The linear relationship appeared correct only for concentrations lower than 0.4 mol L−1. Then, the urethane reaction kinetics of phenol with tolylene‐2,4‐diisocyanate were investigated in different solvents, such as dimethyl sulfoxide, cyclohexanone, n‐butyl acetate, 1,4‐dioxane, and xylene. It showed that solvents largely affected reaction rates. The reaction was largely accelerated in polar solvents, following the order of dimethyl sulfoxide > cyclohexanone > n‐butyl acetate > 1,4‐dioxane > xylene. It was in contrast to the alcohol–diisocyanate reaction. Finally, an appropriate reaction mechanism was proposed. The HO bond in phenol was polarized under the influence of solvents, which made the combination of hydrogen to nitrogen and alkoxyl group to carbenium easier. After that the solvent was dissociated and the carbamate generated. The kinetic equation could be derived as v = k′K·[S:] [ROH]·[R′NCO]. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011