bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seed mass and shape are related to persistence in a sandy soil in northern China
Authors: Zhao Ling-Ping , Wu Gao-Lin , Cheng Ji-Min 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWhether and how seed mass and shape are related to seed persistence in soil is a controversial topic in plant ecology. There is little information on this relationship in sandy habitats. We tested whether or not this pattern is retained among 141 species within a range of growth forms, from a wide range of families, in the Horqin sandy land of northern China, which belongs to the inland sand ecosystem. We collected information on seed mass, shape and persistence of these species in this region from published articles. Seed mass and shape were found to be significantly and negatively correlated to persistence in the soil in the Chinese flora, in the same way as in most other floras examined, but not in the same way as the Israeli coastal sand dune flora. The value of seed mass and shape as good predictors of persistence in the soil could be applied to the Horqin sandy land. Although many factors affect the relationship between seed mass, shape and persistence, ease of burial appears to be the main potential interpretation in the Horqin sandy land.
Connecting people, connecting places: antiquarians as mediators in sixteenth-century Rome
Authors: FURLOTTI BARBARA 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACT:During the sixteenth century, antiquarians increasingly developed a self-conscious identity as a professional group with specific social, intellectual and artisan skills. Their activity was not linked to a particular place though: antiquities surfaced from the earth both inside and outside the city walls and were traded in streets, squares, private houses and gardens. Using the Stampa brothers as a case-study, this article investigates the role and commercial strategies of antiquarians and their ability to cross the boundaries of social groups, since they had to deal with artisans, peasants and artists on one side, and cardinals and gentlemen on the other.
Planning a graduate programme in public health nutrition for experienced nutrition professionals
Authors: Fox Ann , Beyers Joanne 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjectivePublic health renewal in Canada has highlighted the need for development and expansion of the public health nutrition workforce, particularly in northern and rural communities. The purpose of the present paper is to describe the planning of a more accessible graduate programme for experienced nutrition professionals. The planning effort was challenged by a short timeframe between programme approval and implementation and required intense collaboration with stakeholders and students.DesignThe programme planning model developed by The Health Communication Unit (THCU) at the Centre for Health Promotion was used to guide the process. This six-step model was familiar to key stakeholders and involved pre-planning, conducting a situational assessment, establishing goals and objectives, developing strategies and outcome indicators, and monitoring feedback.ResultsResource constraints, short timelines and debates around distance education options presented challenges that were overcome by conducting a thorough needs assessment, creating an advisory committee, engaging key stakeholders in the planning process, and building on existing resources. Extensive involvement of the first cohort of students in ongoing planning and evaluation was particularly helpful in informing the evolution of the programme.ConclusionsThe THCU planning model provided a useful framework for stakeholder collaboration and for planning and implementing the new graduate programme in public health nutrition. Preliminary data suggest that graduates are benefiting from their educational experiences through career enhancement opportunities. The evaluation strategies built into the programme design will be useful in informing ongoing programme development.
Childhood underweight, weight gain during childhood to adolescence/young adulthood and incidence of adult metabolic syndrome in the SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) Project
Authors: Pimenta Adriano M , Beunza Juan-José , Sanchez-Villegas Almudena , Bes-Rastrollo Maira , Martinez-Gonzalez Miguel A 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo assess associations between childhood body weight, weight gain during childhood to adolescence/young adulthood and incidence of adult metabolic syndrome (MetS).DesignA dynamic prospective cohort study (the SUN Project; Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra). Participants were asked to select which of nine body images most closely represented their body shape at ages 5 and 20 years, and it was used as a proxy of BMI. An incident case of MetS was diagnosed according to criteria of the International Diabetes Federation. Associations between childhood body weight, weight gain during childhood to adolescence/young adulthood and incidence of adult MetS were estimated by multiple-adjusted odds ratios and their 95 % confidence intervals.SettingUniversity of Navarra, Spain.SubjectsThe study included 5317 university graduates, followed-up for a median of 6·1 years.ResultsThe incidence of MetS was 2·9 % (1·7 % in women and 5·1 % in men). Among men, body shape at age 5 years was inversely related to adult MetS (OR = 0·83, 95 % CI 0·72, 0·97), whereas weight gain during childhood to adolescence/young adulthood was directly associated with adult MetS (OR = 1·49, 95 % CI 1·01, 2·18); both childhood underweight (OR = 5·20, 95 % CI 1·87, 14·50) and childhood obesity (OR = 4·66, 95 % CI 1·40, 15·51) increased the likelihood of adult MetS. No association was apparent among women.ConclusionsThese results support treating childhood underweight and weight gain during childhood to adolescence/young adulthood as part of comprehensive adult MetS prevention efforts in men.
Intra-specific variation in plant hydraulic sectoriality along a latitudinal gradient
Authors: Zeng Angela , Salguero-Gomez Roberto , Santos-Alvarez Agustin , Zanne Amy , Casper Brenda 
Published: November 2010

Abstract High temperatures and nutrient limitations in deserts challenge plant survival. Large temperature oscillations and droughts typical of cold deserts can result in cavitation, the precipitation of dissolved air within a xylem vessel. If xylem vessels are closely packed, then a cavitation event may expand to neighboring vessels, resulting in runaway embolism, and potentially paralyze the vital functions of the plant.Hydraulic sectoriality, where the plant is functionally composed of independent hydraulic units, has been suggested as a strategy to decrease the risk associated with cavitation. This can occur by increasing xylem vessel isolation and/or increasing the physical modularity of the plant. Furthermore, hydraulic sectoriality could enhance a plant’s survival in the heterogeneous distribution of resources common to deserts by decreasing the spread of nutrients throughout the plant.Previous work has reported a higher frequency of sectored woody species with aridity, but we still lack a basic understanding of how variable this physiological trait is among individuals in the same population and among different populations of the same species. This information is critical for the further consideration of sectoriality as a potentially adaptive trait, since natural selection operates on variation.
The CRP genotype, serum levels and lung function in men: the Caerphilly Prospective Study
Authors: Bolton Charlotte E. , Schumacher Wiebke , Cockcroft John R. , Timpson Nicholas J. , Smith George Davey , Gallacher John , Rumley Anne , Lowe Gordon D. , Ebrahim Shah , Shale Dennis J. , Ben-Shlomo Yoav 
Published: November 2010

Systemic CRP (C-reactive protein) has been associated with impaired lung function. A causal relationship would increase the value of CRP as both a diagnostic and therapeutic tool. We assessed the association between lung function parameters, circulating CRP and CRP polymorphisms using Mendelian randomization in efforts to attribute causality to known associations. Spirometric parameters of FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 s) and FVC (forced vital capacity) were determined in 2173 men participating in the Caerphilly Prospective Study. Lung function measures on 1021 participants were available at follow-up (mean, 16.8 years later). Serum CRP levels were measured at baseline, and three CRP polymorphisms were analysed. Haplotype analysis was performed. Serum CRP levels at baseline were inversely associated with contemporaneous FEV1 and FVC as well as at follow-up (P&lt;0.001) even after adjustment for conventional confounders. Serum CRP was associated with FEV1 decline (P=0.04). All three CRP polymorphisms (rs1800947, rs1130864 and rs1205) predicted serum CRP; however, there were no clear associations of the polymorphisms or haplotypes with lung function or with lung function decline. In conclusion, serum CRP was associated with lung function cross-sectionally; however, CRP polymorphisms were not associated with lung function or decline, suggesting that the CRP–lung function relationship is due to reverse causality, an unmeasured confounding factor or only has a modest causal effect.
Ethical Principles Associated With the Publication of Research in ASHA’s Scholarly Journals: Importance and Adequacy of Coverage
Authors: Ingham Janis C. , Minifie Fred D. , Horner Jennifer , Robey Randall R. , Lansing Charissa , McCartney James H. , Slater Sarah C. , Moss Sharon E. 
Published: November 2010

Purpose
The purpose of this 2-part study was to determine the importance of specific topics relating to publication ethics and adequacy of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association’s (ASHA’s) policies regarding these topics.

Method

A 56-item Web-based survey was sent to (a) ASHA journal editors, associate editors, and members of the Publications Board (Group 1); (b) authors, reviewers, and members of ASHA’s Board of Ethics (Group 2); and (c) a random sample of the ASHA membership, characterized as journal readers (Group 3). The survey contained 4 questions related to ethical principles associated with the publication of research: (a) In regard to scientific integrity in research publications in general, how important is the issue of [topic]? (b)
Should
ASHA publication policies address this issue? (c)
Do
ASHA policies address this issue? (d) If yes, how adequately do ASHA policies address this issue? A second study evaluated the contents of ASHA’s publication policy documents in regard to their coverage of the survey topics.

Results
Results indicated many of the topics deemed most important by all groups were included in ASHA’s publication policy documents; other topics, although included, were not adequately addressed.

Conclusions
ASHA needs a single, unifying publication policy document, and increased education of all groups in the realm of ethics in the publication process is indicated.
Responsible Conduct of Research in Communication Sciences and Disorders: Faculty and Student Perceptions
Authors: Minifie Fred D. , Robey Randall R. , Horner Jennifer , Ingham Janis C. , Lansing Charissa , McCartney James H. , Alldredge Elham-Eid , Slater Sarah C. , Moss Sharon E. 
Published: November 2010

PurposeTwo Web-based surveys (Surveys I and II) were used to assess perceptions of faculty and students in Communication Sciences and Disorders (CSD) regarding the responsible conduct of research (RCR).MethodSurvey questions addressed 9 RCR domains thought important to the responsible conduct of research: (a) human subjects protections; (b) research involving animals; (c) publication practices and responsible authorship; (d) mentor/trainee responsibilities; (e) collaborative science; (f) peer review; (g) data acquisition, management, sharing, and ownership; (h) conflicts of interest; and (i) research misconduct. Respondents rated each of 37 topics for importance and for sufficiency of instructional coverage.ResultsRespondents to Survey I were 137 faculty members from 68 (26%) of the 261 graduate programs in CSD. By comparison, 237 students from 39 (15%) programs responded to Survey II. Data about the importance and sufficiency of coverage of each of the 37 items were transformed intozscores to reveal relative ratings among the 37 topics. Data presentations were grouped for topics in each of the 9 RCR domains. Ratings indicated the relatively high importance assigned among the 37 topics by CSD faculty and students. Sufficiency of coverage of those same topics received lower ratings.ConclusionsThe results of these surveys support the notion that students in CSD perceive that they are receiving information about RCR. The data pertaining to sufficiency of coverage provide a basis for improving instruction in this important aspect of research education.
Research Integrity in Communication Sciences and Disorders: Preface
Authors: Moss Sharon E. 
Published: November 2010

Purpose
A joint program on Research on Research Integrity sponsored by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and the Office of Research Integrity encouraged the examination of practices and policies promoting the responsible conduct of research (RCR). The authors' grant—Research Integrity in ASHA: Education and Publication—enabled American Speech-Language-Hearing Association’s (ASHA) Research Integrity Grant Group to (a) identify patterns of teaching and learning in Communication Sciences and Disorders graduate programs about specific topics of research integrity on the conduct of science, (b) examine perceptions about concepts of research integrity as they apply to scientific journals within the discipline, and (c) evaluate policies and practices established by ASHA to protect the integrity of published scientific work.

Method
The authors reviewed historical and contemporary literature, conducted surveys, and analyzed ASHA policies.

Conclusion

This supplement of the
Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research
has been written with the aim of informing and inspiring scientists, students, research institutions, and professional societies to practice responsible research in the 21st century and beyond.
Occlusion vs. skin barrier function
Authors: Zhai Hongbo , Maibach Howard I. 
Published: November 2010

Background/aims: Skin occlusion may increase percutaneous absorption of applied chemicals, with some exceptions. It also obstructs the normal ventilation of the skin surface and increases stratum corneum hydration and hence compromises skin barrier function.Methods/results: This review focuses the effects of occlusion on skin barrier function, in particularly, as defined with objective skin bioengineering technology.Conclusions: The effects of occlusion on skin barrier function have been defined with various techniques. Optimal hydrocolloid materials can absorb excess water and reduce the unfavourable effects of occlusion.
Control-free calling of copy number alterations in deep-sequencing data using GC-content normalization
Authors: Boeva Valentina , Zinovyev Andrei , Bleakley Kevin , Vert Jean-Philippe , Janoueix-Lerosey Isabelle , Delattre Olivier , Barillot Emmanuel 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Summary: We present a tool for control-free copy number alteration (CNA) detection using deep-sequencing data, particularly useful for cancer studies. The tool deals with two frequent problems in the analysis of cancer deep-sequencing data: absence of control sample and possible polyploidy of cancer cells. FREEC (control-FREE Copy number caller) automatically normalizes and segments copy number profiles (CNPs) and calls CNAs. If ploidy is known, FREEC assigns absolute copy number to each predicted CNA. To normalize raw CNPs, the user can provide a control dataset if available; otherwise GC content is used. We demonstrate that for Illumina single-end, mate-pair or paired-end sequencing, GC-contentr normalization provides smooth profiles that can be further segmented and analyzed in order to predict CNAs.
Availability: Source code and sample data are available at http://bioinfo-out.curie.fr/projects/freec/.
Contact: freec@curie.fr
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Observable effects of Ca
2+
buffers on local Ca
2+
signals
Authors: Solovey Guillermo , Ponce Dawson Silvina 
Published: November 2010

Calcium signals participate in a large variety of physiological processes. In many instances, they involve calcium entry through inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP
3
) receptors (IP
3
Rs), which are usually organized in clusters. Recent high-resolution optical experiments by Smith & Parker have provided new information on Ca
2+
release from clustered IP
3
Rs. In the present paper, we use the model recently introduced by Solovey & Ponce Dawson to determine how the distribution of the number of IP
3
Rs that become open during a localized release event may change by the presence of Ca
2+
buffers, substances that react with Ca
2+
, altering its concentration and transport properties. We then discuss how buffer properties could be extracted from the observation of local signals.
Interventions for disorder and severe intoxication in and around licensed premises, 1989–2009
Authors: Brennan Iain , Moore Simon C. , Byrne Ellie , Murphy Simon 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTAims  To systematically review rigorous evaluation studies into the effectiveness of interventions in and around licensed premises that aimed to reduce severe intoxication and disorder.Methods  A systematic search was conducted. Papers that rigorously evaluated interventions based in and around licensed premises to reduce disorder or intoxication were included.Results  Fifteen studies were identified, three randomized controlled trials and 12 non‐randomized quasi‐experimental evaluations. Outcome measures were intoxication (n = 6), disorder (n = 6) and intoxication and disorder (n = 3). Interventions included responsible beverage service training (n = 5), server violence prevention training (n = 1), enhanced enforcement of licensing regulations (n = 1), multi‐level interventions (n = 5), licensee accords (n = 2) and a risk‐focused consultation (n = 1). Intervention effects varied, even across studies using similar interventions.Conclusions  Server training courses that are designed to reduce disorder have some potential, although there is a lack of evidence to support their use to reduce intoxication and the evidence base is weak.
Longitudinal association of preference‐weighted health‐related quality of life measures and substance use disorder outcomes
Authors: Pyne Jeffrey M. , Tripathi Shanti , French Michael , McCollister Kathryn , Rapp Richard C. , Booth Brenda M. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTAim To examine the construct validity of generic preference‐weighted health‐related quality of life measures in a sample of patients with a substance use disorder (SUD).Design Longitudinal (baseline and 6‐month follow‐up) data from a research study that evaluated interventions to improve linkage and engagement with SUD treatment.Setting A central intake unit that referred patients to seven SUD treatment centers in a Midwestern US metropolitan area.Participants A total of 495 individuals with a SUD.Measurements Participants completed two preference‐weighted measures: the self‐administered Quality of Well‐Being scale (QWB‐SA) and the standard gamble weighted Medical Outcomes Study SF‐12 (SF‐6D). They were also administered two clinical assessments: all seven domains of the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) and a symptom checklist based on the DSM‐IV. Construct validity was determined via the relationships between disease‐specific SUD and generic measures.Findings In unadjusted analyses, the QWB‐SA and SF‐6D change scores were correlated significantly with six ASI subscale change scores, but not with employment status. In adjusted repeated‐measures analyses, three of seven ASI subscale scores were significant predictors of QWB‐SA and 5/7 ASI subscale scores were significant predictors of SF‐6D. Abstinence and problematic use at follow‐up were significant predictors of QWB‐SA and SF‐6D. Effect sizes ranged from 0.352 to 0.400 for abstinence and −0.484 to −0.585 for problematic use.Conclusions Generic preference‐weighted health‐related quality of life measures show moderate to good associations with substance‐use specific measures and in certain circumstances can be used in their stead. This study provides further support for the use of the Quality of Well‐Being scale and Medical Outcomes Study SF‐12 in clinical and economic evaluations of substance use disorder interventions.
Reliability of EP3OS symptom criteria and nasal endoscopy in the assessment of chronic rhinosinusitis – a GA2LEN study
Authors: Tomassen P. , Newson R. B. , Hoffmans R. , Lötvall J. , Cardell L. O. , Gunnbjörnsdóttir M. , Thilsing T. , Matricardi P. , Krämer U. , Makowska J. S. , Brozek G. , Gjomarkaj M. , Howarth P. , Loureiro C. , Toskala E. , Fokkens W. , Bachert C. , Burney P. , Jarvis D. 
Published: November 2010

To cite this article: Tomassen P, Newson RB, Hoffmans R, Lötvall J, Cardell LO, Gunnbjörnsdóttir M, Thilsing T, Matricardi P, Krämer U, Makowska JS, Brozek G, Gjomarkaj M, Howarth P, Loureiro C, Toskala E, Fokkens W, Bachert C, Burney P, Jarvis D. Reliability of EP3OS symptom criteria and nasal endoscopy in the assessment of chronic rhinosinusitis – a GA2LEN study. Allergy 2011; 66: 556–561.AbstractBackground:  The European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EP3OS) incorporates symptomatic, endoscopic, and radiologic criteria in the clinical diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), while in epidemiological studies, the definition is based on symptoms only. We aimed to assess the reliability and validity of a symptom‐based definition of CRS using data from the GA2LEN European survey.Methods:  On two separate occasions, 1700 subjects from 11 centers provided information on symptoms of CRS, allergic rhinitis, and asthma. CRS was defined by the epidemiological EP3OS symptom criteria. The difference in prevalence of CRS between two study points, the standardized absolute repeatability, and the chance‐corrected repeatability (kappa) were determined. In two centers, 342 participants underwent nasal endoscopy. The association of symptom‐based CRS with endoscopy and self‐reported doctor‐diagnosed CRS was assessed.Results:  There was a decrease in prevalence of CRS between the two study phases, and this was consistent across all centers (−3.0%, 95% CI: −5.0 to −1.0%, I2 = 0). There was fair to moderate agreement between the two occasions (kappa = 39.6). Symptom‐based CRS was significantly associated with positive endoscopy in nonallergic subjects, and with self‐reported doctor‐diagnosed CRS in all subjects, irrespective of the presence of allergic rhinitis.Conclusion:  Our findings suggest that a symptom‐based definition of CRS, according to the epidemiological part of the EP3OS criteria, has a moderate reliability over time, is stable between study centers, is not influenced by the presence of allergic rhinitis, and is suitable for the assessment of geographic variation in prevalence of CRS.