bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Garlic Consumption on Improving Anosmia and Dysgeusia in Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Mohammed Abu Salma Baha’a , Ibrahim Mohammed Omar , Al-Tarawneh Haneen Nayef , Rabadi Nizar Al- , Elmoumani Ali Ibrahim 
Published: May 2024

Background: Anosmia and dysgeusia are symptoms associated with COVID-19 infection following the announcement of the disease as a pandemic. Moreover, there is no effective treatment for the disease. Garlic is a well-known herb with antimicrobial and antiviral properties. This study evaluates the potential therapeutic effect of garlic consumption on reducing the recovery time from anosmia and dysgeusia symptoms among participants with COVID-19. Methods: 388 Jordanian participants with COVID-19 infection were enrolled in an online computer-assisted web survey during the period from 20th September 2021 to 20th January 2022. The survey consisted of three constructs; socio-demographic profile, symptoms associated with COVID-19, and frequency of garlic and onion consumption used during the infection. Results: The results of this study showed that almost half of the participants were between 20-40 (193, 49.7%); most of them complained about fever, fatigue, anosmia, and dysgeusia and used onion (20, 93%) and garlic (29, 23%) to alleviate symptoms of the disease. In total, 40.7% of garlic-using participants recovered from anosmia within the first 11-15 days, whereas 35.3% recovered between 6-10 days. Results also revealed that there was no correlation between garlic consumption and recovery from dysgeusia. Hence, there was a weak inverse association between garlic consumption and recovery time from anosmia. Conclusion: The authors concluded that consumption of garlic will enhance immune system during the fight against COVID-19. There is need for further study to identify the proper amount of garlic consumption to relieve anosmia symptoms during COVID-19.
Foamed Cement Mitigates Gas Migration in Shallow Thermal Wells in Alberta
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: May 2024

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This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 214768, “Mitigating Gas Migration Using Foamed Cement on Shallow Thermal Wells in Northeast Alberta,” by Charles Sylvestre, SPE, Sanjel Energy Services; Julio Oliveira, Suncor Energy; and Heyong Jiao, Sanjel Energy Services. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

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A foamed cement solution was designed and implemented to cement shallow intermediate casing strings in a heavy oil play in northeast Alberta after conventional area-specific cementing solutions could not prevent surface casing vent flows. Foamed cement was pursued as a better alternative technical solution and ultimately led to its successful placement in the field. Significant technical and operational hurdles were overcome to confirm proper well control and ensure that the energized cement could be pumped safely and effectively.

Introduction
MacKay River is Alberta’s shallowest steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) project, with wells typically ranging between 100 m and 150 m true vertical depth (TVD). Wells have been drilled recently at MacKay River with a horizontal length approaching 1000 m and total length exceeding 1500 m measured depth (MD). Wells at MacKay River are drilled using a slant rig because of the extremely shallow depth of the reservoir. The wells feature a three-string casing design with a shallow surface casing, an intermediate casing that runs from surface to the target formation and is landed at 90° inclination, and a horizontal production (or injection) liner hung off the intermediate casing. The intermediate casing is cemented in place and uses premium connections incorporating a metal-to-metal seal to provide a barrier between wellbore fluids and the formations overlying the reservoir.
The complete paper discusses a new pad at the MacKay River SAGD operating site. The specific operations discussed are those involving intermediate cementing.

Case-Well Challenges
One of the most unusual features of the case wells was the discovery of gas trapped under a shallow formation at approximately 80–100 m vertical depth. The pad adjacent to this new pad has been in operation for 17 years.
The second obstacle was the hole and casing size, which creates a large annulus. The open hole size was designed at 374.7 mm with the intermediate casing sized at 298.5 mm. This creates an annular gap of 38.1 mm in a gauge hole, but typically these wells require 150% cement excess to achieve cement returns to surface, meaning that, in certain areas of the well, the annulus is much larger. The next challenge presented by the case wells is that they are slanted wells, spudded at an angle of approximately 45° from the surface.
The low temperature of these wells also adds to the complexity of preventing gas flow. At such low temperatures, cement sets much slower than in other well types.
Finally, the shallow nature of the well, landing at only 113 m vertical depth, does not allow effective hydrostatic pressure control while the cement sets.
From Classrooms to Economies: Examining the Educational Achievement-Economic Development Nexus
Authors: Tajuddin Sheikh Ahmad Faiz Sheikh Ahmad , Afthanorhan Wan Mohamad Asyraf Wan , Zain Fahru Azwa Mohd , Abdullah Hamdy , Haron Hazrin Izwan Che , Abidin Ahmad Firdhauz Zainul 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Each states play pivotal roles in contributing to the economic performance of the nation. They have their own unique economic strengths, resources, and industries that contribute to the overall economic development. Terengganu, an east coast state in Malaysia has historically faced economic challenges, marked by a lag in development compared to other regions. The fundamental problem addressed is the potential correlation between educational attainment and the region’s economic growth, aiming to understand how advancements in education might serve as a catalyst for economic progress. The objective of this research is to empirically analyze the impact of educational achievement on the economic development in Terengganu. Utilizing secondary data sourced from the Department of Statistics Malaysia and Economy Planning Unit Terengganu spanning from 2006 to 2022, Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model has been employed to estimate and understand the relationship between educational attainment and economic development. The findings suggested that educational achievement plays positive impact in heightening the economic development within the region. Education contributes to the development of human capital, fostering a skilled and knowledgeable populace capable of engaging in diverse economic activities. This, in turn, attracts investments and facilitates the emergence of industries and sectors that rely on a knowledgeable and skilled labour force. This study would provide valuable insights for policymakers and academicians to formulate targeted policies and initiatives, ultimately enhancing the economic development of the states, thus contribute to a prosperous Malaysia.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja Karyawan dengan Kepuasan Kerja sebagai Variabel Mediasi
Authors: Steven Steven , Yanuar Yanuar 
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana kepemimpinan transformasional, lingkungan kerja, dan penghargaan terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan kepuasan kerja sebagai variabel mediasi di perusahaan XYZ. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah menemukan efek dari kepemimpinan transformasi, lingkungan kerja, dan penghargaan, serta kepuasan kerja sebagai variabel mediasi terhadap kinerja karyawan di perusahaan XYZ. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross-sectional dengan melibatkan 126 responden melalui GoogleForm. Hasil pengumpulan data diolah dengan menggunakan aplikasi SMART PLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kepemimpinan transformasionalmemiliki pengaruh positif tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, lingkungan kerja memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, penghargaan memiliki pengaruh positif tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, kepuasan kerja memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, kepemimpinan transformasional memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja, lingkungan kerja memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja, penghargaan memiliki pengaruh positif tidak signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja di perusahaanXYZ. Kepuasan kerja dapat memediasi pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara kepemimpinan transformasional, lingkungan kerja, dan penghargaanterhadap kinerja karyawan di perusahaan XYZ.

This research discusses how transformational leadership, work environment, and appreciation for employee performance with job satisfaction asmediating variables in XYZ company. The aim of the research is to find the effects of transformational leadership, work environment, and rewards, aswell as job satisfaction as mediating variables on employee performance at XYZ company. The method used in this research is a quantitative descriptiveapproach with a cross-sectional research design involving 126 respondents via Google Form. The results of data collection are processed using the SMART PLS application. The research results show that transformational leadership has an insignificant positive influence on employee performance, the work environment has a significant positive influence on employee performance, rewards have an insignificant positive influence on employeeperformance, job satisfaction has a significant positive influence on employee performance, transformational leadership has a significant positiveinfluence on job satisfaction, the work environment has a significant positive influence on job satisfaction, awards have an insignificant positiveinfluence on job satisfaction at XYZ company. Job satisfaction can mediate the positive and significant influence between transformational leadership,work environment, and rewards on employee performance at XYZ company.
Epidemiology and outcomes of drug-resistant tuberculosis cases notified in a low-resource district in Kerala, India 2017–2021 – A 5-year retrospective analysis
Authors: Vaman Raman Swathy , Kalyanasundaram Madhanraj , Amina T. P. , Murhekar Manoj V. 
Published: May 2024

Objectives:
Kasaragod district reports the highest drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) case notification rates in Kerala. We conducted a cross-sectional study in Kasaragod to describe the DR-TB cases notified from January 2017 to December 2021 and to identify the factors associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes in DR-TB patients.

Materials and Methods:
We analyzed the programmatic data from the “Nikshay portal” (a web-based patient management information system for [TB] under the National TB Elimination Program), DR-TB treatment cards, and treatment registers available with the district TB center for all the DR-TB patients notified during the study period. We described the DR-TB cases by year, local self-government area (the local administrative setup), age, gender, income level, and treatment outcomes. We compared sociodemographic, anthropometric, and clinical factors among the DR-TB patients with favorable (cured and treatment completed) and unfavorable (died, lost to follow-up, and treatment failure) treatment outcomes.

Results:
From January 2017 to December 2021, 128 DR-TB cases were notified from Kasaragod. Annual notification rates varied from 1.4 to 3.4/100,000 population with the highest notification in 2019. The proportion of new TB cases notified tested for drug sensitivity rose from 22% in 2017 to 86% in 2021. Seven of 41 local self-government areas had not notified DR-TB cases during 2017–2021. The notification was higher in inter-state border areas and the coastal belt of the district. The notification of DR-TB cases was highest among the 45–59 age group (17/100,000), followed by the 60 above group (11/100,000). Males and those living below the poverty line had higher notification rates. Among the outcomes evaluated 118 DR-TB patients, 89 (75.4%) had favorable outcomes, whereas the remaining 24.6% had unfavorable outcomes (death 18 [15.3%], loss to follow-up 7 [6%], and treatment failure 4 [3.4%]). Age more than 45 years adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 3.1 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1–8.8), income category below the poverty line aOR 6 (95% CI 1.2–28.6), admitted at least twice during treatment aOR 9.2 (95% CI 2.8–30.3), and body mass index at diagnosis <18.5 kg/m2 aOR 3 (95% CI 1.1–10.3) were found to be significantly associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes.

Conclusion:
DR-TB notifications have increased in the Kasaragod district from 2017 to 2021, with a high burden among males aged 45 years and above. The favorable treatment outcome is better than the national and state average. Regular monitoring and follow-up of multidrug-resistant patients with low incomes, above 45 years, and underweight may improve the final treatment outcomes.
Clinical Progression and Load Management For Proximal Hamstring Tendinopathy In A Long-Distance Runner: A Case Report
Authors: Campos-Villegas Cristina , Ortega-Pérez de Villar Lucía , Gámez-Payá Javier , Alarcón-Jiménez Jorge , de Bernardo Nieves 
Published: May 2024

Background and Purpose The characteristics of Proximal Hamstring Tendinopathy (PHT) include deep, localized pain in the region of the ischial tuberosity. Chronic lesions are often found in long-distance runners. Compression of the tendon and shear force at its insertion at the ischial tuberosity during hip flexion/adduction is a key etiologic factor. The aim of this case report is to analyze the effectiveness of an exercise protocol with progression of tendon loading in PHT in an amateur runner, by assessing pain and functional capacity. Case Description The subject was a 30-year-old male runner. After participating in a 10km race, he experienced an insidious onset of deep buttock pain in the right ischial tuberosity. His pain was aggravated by running on sloped roads and prolonged sitting on hard surfaces, particularly while driving. The visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, the Puranen-Orave test (PO), the Bent-Knee stretch test (BK stretch), the supine plank test, the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-proximal hamstring tendons (VISA-H) questionnaire, and the sciatic nerve mobility (via the Slump test) were assessed. The intervention involved a 12-week progressive loading exercise program divided into four phases. Outcomes The initial pain was reduced at 6 weeks of intervention and further decreased at 12 weeks (VAS from 7, to 5 and to 1). Function increased at 6 weeks and at 12 weeks (VISA-H from 23, to 53, to 80). Sciatic nerve mobility was normal. Conclusion The progression of training in a subject with PHT tendon injury based on isometric exercise, concentric/eccentric, energy storage, progressively increasing hip flexion was beneficial, increasing function and decreasing pain. Studies with a larger sample size and a more precise methodological design would be necessary to support this type of intervention in clinical practice. Level of Evidence 5
Management of High Ankle Sprains Utilizing the Tightrope Surgical Procedure – A Novel Approach for a Rapid Return to Play
Authors: Voight Michael L. , Norman Connor , Wilk Kevin E. , Lucas Matthew , Wolfe Chris 
Published: May 2024

The distal tibiofibular joint is described as a syndesmosis. The syndesmosis is important to the structural integrity of the ankle joint by maintaining the proximity of the tibia, fibula, and talus. Syndesmotic or high ankle sprains, involving the syndesmotic ligaments, pose a significant rehabilitative challenge due to their intricate anatomy, prolonged recovery periods following injury, and high susceptibility to persistent disability. Traditional management strategies have often been conservative, marked by lengthy periods of immobilization and a gradual return to activity. Severe syndesmotic injuries with diastasis have been treated surgically with screw fixation which may require a second intervention to remove the hardware and carries an inherent risk of breaking the screw during rehabilitation. Another fixation technique, the Tightrope™, has gained popularity in treating ankle syndesmosis injuries. The TightRope™ involves inserting Fiberwire® through the tibia and fibula, which allows for stabilization of the ankle mortise and normal range of motion. The accelerated rehabilitation protocol promotes early weight-bearing and has been shown to expedite the return to sport. This emerging strategy has shown promise in reducing recovery time as it is now possible to return to sport in less than 2 months after a tightrope repair and accelerated rehabilitation, compared with 3–6 months post screw fixation. This clinical commentary delves into this novel approach, highlighting the procedure, rehabilitation protocols, and the implications for physical therapy practice. Level of Evidence V
REGIONAL PRODUCTION PROFILE AND SUSTAINABILITY: CASE STUDY OF PORTUGAL
Authors: Sequeira Teresa 
Published: May 2024

Objective: The study of Portugal's productive profile, at the level of the NUT III regions and on an evolutionary basis, in order to obtain a picture of the country at two different times 20 years apart. We also sought to establish a relationship between these profiles and productivity.

Theoretical Framework: Review of the literature on productive specialisation and development, as well as other empirical work already carried out.

Method: Construction of location indicators for productive activities, regional specialisation and relational analysis with productivity indicators. The data used, namely GVA and Employment relating to 10 activity branches/25 NUT III, has been made available by STATISTICS PORTUGAL through request.

Results and Discussion: The results show a profile of Portugal in which the primary sector predominates in the interior of northern Portugal and in Alentejo, the secondary sector in the north coast and in the centre, and the tertiary sector is strongly represented in Lisbon and Porto. This profile is associated with different productivities and in evolutive terms there are signs of some changes, but still not significant.

Research Implications: The sustainability of regions depends, among others, on their productive profile. As a matter of fact it is the productive sector that generates income and employment, the key variables in the socioeconomic components of sustainability. The way in which economic activities are concentrated and in which agglomeration economies can be generated are factors that can influence this development.

Originality/Value: Knowledge of the evolution of a country's productive profile and how activities with different productivities fit in could contribute to a more efficient policy of intelligent specialisation and guarantee a path to sustainable development.
CONVERSION INTO FULL-FLEDGE ISLAMIC BANKS AND IT’S IMPACT ON ASSET: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIAN ISLAMIC BANKING INDUSTRY
Authors: Rahmawati Yuke , Ihsan Dwi Nuraini , Amelia Erika , Al Arif Mohammad Nur Rianto 
Published: May 2024

Objective: This study aims to analyze whether the number of assets differs before and after conversion to an Islamic bank.

Theoretical Framework: The theoretical framework provides relevant information on Islamic banking and market structure, which forms the basis for the development of hypothesis.

Method: Using regression analysis with dummy variables, the study found differences in assets between the pre and post-conversion periods.

Results and Discussion: The findings suggest that conversion could be a recommended approach for the Islamic banking industry in Indonesia to accelerate asset growth. Additionally, it offers an optimal solution for smaller-sized conventional banks as an alternative to spin-offs or mergers.

Research Implications: This research provides significant contributions to the study of Islamic banking. This research has the implication that conversion can be an alternative strategy for small parent banks.

Originality/Value: Several conventional banks in Indonesia have chosen full conversion into Islamic banks as an exit strategy. This decision is in addition to the spin-off option. Bank of Aceh, Bank of NTB and Bank of Riau Kepri completed the full conversion in 2016, 2018 and 2022, respectively. However, research on Islamic bank conversion is still limited.
Association between drug dependence and anemia in Pakistani Patients
Authors: Hashmi Zahid , Dogar Imtiaz Ahmad , Sulheri Muhammad Anwar , Ali Muhammad Sohail 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: There has been a substantial increase in the number of drug dependence patients in Pakistan over the past years. Drug abuse and its sequalae affect health of the abuser in multiple ways, and one of the most commonly observed physical complications of drug dependence is anemia. OBJECTIVES: This project aimed to study the association between anemia and drug dependence, the type and pattern of severity of anemia in these patients, the correlation of anemia with other variables e.g. demographic variables, drug abuse variables etc, and to compare our findings with other research carried out on the subject. Methodology: The study was carried out in the Model Drug Abuse Treatment and Rehabilitation Centre at District Headquarters Hospital Faisalabad. The study group consisted of 64 drug dependence patients admitted in the unit from 1st July 2000 to 31st December 2000. The study was descriptive and cross sectional, and a consecutive. RESULTS: Of the study group, 84% were young adults between the ages of 21 to 40 years, 51.5% were married. 62.5% were from urban areas and 62.5% were multiple drug users. 89% cases had anemia out of sampling method was utilized. The diagnosis of drug dependence was made using DSM-lV criteria, and anemia was assessed according to WHO criteria. SPSS-10 was used for data analysis which 8% had severe anemia, 61% cases had moderate anemia, and 20% had mild anemia, 47% had been using addictive drugs for 2 to 5 years, and 58% cases also had physical or psychiatric complications, other than anemia. Iron deficiency anemia was the most common type of anemia seen. Conclusion: Anemia is an aspect that should be kept in mind during the treatment and rehabilitation of these patients. This study serves the purpose of highlighting an issue that is very important, highly prevalent, and largely unstudied by researchers in.
Life Events and Depression
Authors: Rashid Tariq , Haider Ijaz 
Published: May 2024

A sample of 200 depressed patients (100, males, 100 females was matched on socio demographic variable with an equal number of control subjects. The frequency of occurrence of life events in the 12 months immediately prior to onset of depression was compared with a compared with a comparable twelve-month period in control population. Results of this controlled comparison indicated a general excess of life events prior to the onset of depression. Analysis of different categories of events showed that event involving finances affects patients more which is 61%in case of males, 73% in females, next event hit more our patients is job problems which is 37% in males and 4% in females. Third life event is relationship difficulties, which are more in females 54%, and 26% is males. Illness life event affected 14% males and 21% females. The legal issues affected 13% males and 5% in females. The last life event separations/ deaths affected more females which is 23% and 6% males; these findings supports the importance of life events in genesis of depression. The methodological limitations of life events research like measurement difficulties, reliability of the measures, selective recalls while reporting and selection of events in questionnaire or interviews also need consideration. Field needs to more towards exploration of underlying mechanism and interaction with other factors.