bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of argan kernel storage conditions on argan oil quality
Authors: Harhar Hicham , Gharby Saïd , Guillaume Dominique , Charrouf Zoubida 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIn the present study, we investigated the relationships between storage conditions of argan kernels and argan oil quality over a 1‐year period. Argan kernels were packaged in black or white bags. Kernels in black bags were stored at room temperature (RT) while kernels in white bags were stored either at RT or at 4°C. Quality parameters periodically monitored over the 12 months were peroxide and acid value, oil yield, moisture content, UV absorption, and fatty acid composition. Whereas light had no impact on argan oil quality, only argan kernel storage at 4°C allowed a perfect preservation of argan oil quality after 1 year.Practical applications: In the present study we have established that solar light does not damage argan kernels in such a way that it could alter argan oil quality, and that argan kernels can be stored for up to 1 year at 4°C without alteration of argan oil quality. If stored at RT, argan kernels should be used within 10 months to prepare edible argan oil.
Survey of qualitative traits of European sea bass cultivated in different rearing systems
Authors: Roncarati Alessandra , Sirri Federico , di Domenico Alessandro , Brambilla Gianfranco , Iamiceli Anna Laura , Melotti Paolo , Meluzzi Adele 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the main qualitative traits of European sea bass fattened in farms adopting different rearing techniques (offshore cages, inshore cages, land‐based basins) but fed the same diets in each production cycle, in a three year survey (2006, 2007, 2008). Three farms were chosen for each rearing technique and two sampling sessions of ten fish each were carried out for each rearing cycle. Proximate composition, fatty acid profile, and cholesterol content were evaluated in the fillet of marketable size fish as well as morpho‐biometric parameters and indices. Diets administered in 2008 had higher amounts of lipids, lower proportions of n–3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and higher proportions of n–6 PUFA compared to 2006 and 2007 diets. The chemical and fatty acid composition of the fish fillet was affected by the diet composition: fish fattened in 2008 exhibited statistically higher amounts of fat and cholesterol, lower proportions of n–3 PUFA and higher proportions of n–6 PUFA in comparison with fish cultivated in 2006 and 2007. Fish cultivated in cages, both offshore and inshore cages, exhibited leaner fillets, lower amounts of cholesterol and higher proportions of n–3 PUFA than fish cultivated in basins.Practical applications: In this study we have analyzed the combined effects of feeding and rearing systems of sea bass in a 3‐year survey for the first time. The results showed that feeding is the main factor affecting fish quality as regards both the chemical composition and the fatty acid profile. The partial substitution of fish meal and fish oil with vegetable sources, with the aim of saving the wild fish biomass as well as formulating less expensive diets, strongly alters the fillet composition. We also showed that the rearing system of fish in offshore cages makes it is possible to obtain better quality products.
Disposable Bismuth Oxide Screen Printed Electrodes for the Sensing of Zinc in Seawater
Authors: Khairy Mohamed , Kadara Rashid O. , Kampouris Dimitrios K. , Banks Craig E. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractScreen printed bismuth oxide electrochemical sensing platforms are explored towards the electroanalytical determination of zinc(II). In acetate buffer solutions (pH 4.5) a linear range from 75 to 600 μg L−1is possible with a detection limit of 33 μg L−1. The sensors were explored in seawater and found that reduction in the sensitivity by a factor of 1.5 is observed with a linear range of 100 to 350 μg L−1and detection limit of 50 μg L−1is possible. Tailoring of the deposition time to shorter durations allows mg L−1levels of zinc(II) to be determined in seawater which is in accordance with monitoring levels set by the World Health Organisation and USA Environmental Protection Agency. The screen printed sensors preclude the need for electrode pretreatment and in situ or ex situ modification with bismuth metal and their disposable and economical nature make them attractive for in‐the‐field high throughput screening of zinc(II) in water samples.
Label‐Free Electrochemical Thrombin Aptasensor Based on Ag Nanoparticles Modified Electrode
Authors: Suprun Elena , Shumyantseva Victoria , Rakhmetova Svetlana , Voronina Svetlana , Radko Sergey , Bodoev Nikolay , Archakov Alexander 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA novel label‐free electrochemical method for protein detection based on redox properties of silver was developed. As recognition elements, thrombin‐binding aptamers were used. Screen printed electrodes modified with silver nanoparticles (AgNP) were employed as a sensing platform for aptasensor devices. The oxidation of silver upon polarization served as a basis for analytical response. Three different thrombin binding aptamers with various surface concentrations were studied. Linear range of aptasensor response corresponded to the 10−9 M to 10−7 M thrombin concentration range and the detection limit was 10−9 M.
Characterization and Application of Bismuth‐Film Modified Graphite‐Polyurethane Composite Electrodes
Authors: Cesarino Ivana , Gouveia‐Caridade Carla , Pauliukaitė Rasa , Cavalheiro Éder T. G. , Brett Christopher M. A. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBismuth films (BiF) deposited in situ on graphite‐polyurethane composite electrodes were successfully used for the determination of Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu and Hg, simultaneously in acetate buffer solution pH 4.5 using square wave anodic stripping voltammetry. It is possible to determine metals reoxidized at potentials more negative and more positive than Bi using in situ deposited BiF; reoxidation was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The BiF‐modified electrode was applied to analyse tap water. The influence of surface‐active compounds, Triton X‐100 and bovine serum albumin, on the stripping of these metals was investigated; Nafion coatings did not significantly improve the performance.
Simulation of long‐term soil redistribution by tillage using a cellular automata model
Authors: Vanwalleghem T. , Jiménez‐Hornero F.J. , Giráldez J.V. , Laguna A. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe process of tillage translocation is well studied and can be described adequately by different existing models. Nevertheless, in complex environments with numerous obstacles, such as olive orchards, the application of conventional tillage erosion models is not straightforward. However, such obstacles have important effects on the spatial pattern of soil redistribution and on resulting soil properties. Cellular automata could provide a valuable alternative here. This study aims at developing a cellular automata model for tillage translocation (CATT) that can take into account such obstacles, exploring its possibilities and limitations.Firstly, model outcome was tested on a traditional field with rolling topography, for which caesium‐137 (137Cs) inventories are available. The observed spatial soil redistribution patterns could be adequately represented by the CATT model. Secondly, a global sensitivity analysis was performed to explore the effect of input parameter uncertainty on several selected model outputs. The variance‐based extended Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test (FAST) method was used to determine first‐ and total‐order sensitivity indices. Tillage depth was identified as the input parameter that determined most of the output variance, followed respectively by tillage direction and speed. The high difference between the total‐ and first‐order sensitivity indices indicated that, in spite of the simple model structure, the model behaves non‐linearly with respect to some of the model output variables. Higher order interactions were especially important for determining the proportion of eroding and deposition cells.Finally, simulations were performed to analyse the model behaviour in complex landscapes, applying it to a field with protruding obstacles (representing olive trees). The model adequately represented some morphological features observed in actual olive orchards, such as mounds around the olive trees. The results show that cellular automata are an appropriate tool to describe long‐term tillage soil redistribution. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Association between toll‐like receptor expression and human papillomavirus type 16 persistence
Authors: Daud Ibrahim I. , Scott Mark E. , Ma Yifei , Shiboski Stephen , Farhat Sepideh , Moscicki Anna‐Barbara 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe mechanisms involved in mucosal immune control of cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infection remain ill defined. Because toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are key players in innate immune responses, we investigated the association between TLR expression and viral persistence or clearance in young women with incident infections with oncogenic HPV types 16 or 51. Messenger RNA expression of TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR6, TLR7, TLR8 and TLR9 was measured by quantitative reverse transcription‐PCR using human endocervical specimens, collected before and after viral acquisition, in a cohort well characterized for HPV infections. Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare the change seen from preinfection to incident infection between women who subsequently cleared infection with those who did not. HPV 16 infections that cleared were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with an increase in expression of the four viral nucleic acid‐sensing TLRs (TLR3, TLR7, TLR8 and TLR9) as well as TLR2 upon viral acquisition. Similar associations were not observed for HPV 51. In women who subsequently cleared their HPV 16 infection, changes in TLR1, TLR3, TLR7 and TLR8 expression levels between preincident and incident visits were significantly correlated with parallel changes in the levels of interferon‐α2, measured by immunoassay in cervical lavage specimens. This study suggests that dampened TLR expression in the cervical mucosa is a type‐specific mechanism by which HPV 16 interferes with innate immune responses, contributing to viral persistence, and that TLR upregulation and resultant cytokine induction is important in subsequent viral clearance.
Metastasis‐focused cell‐based SELEX generates aptamers inhibiting cell migration and invasion
Authors: Zueva Elina , Rubio Laila Illán , Ducongé Frédéric , Tavitian Bertrand 
Published: April 2010

AbstractMetastasis, the capacity of tumour cells to disseminate and grow at distant sites, is the main factor in cancer mortality. Compounds inhibiting migration and invasion of cancer cells are promising candidates for anticancer therapy strategies. We have generated nuclease‐resistant RNA ligands (aptamers) recognizing highly metastatic cells with high affinity and specificity, and inhibiting their migratory and invasive potentials. Aptamers were generated by a cell‐based subtractive SELEX technology using isogenic cell lines with similar tumorigenic potentials but opposite metastatic aggressiveness. Two aptamers, E37 and E10, bound specifically to the metastatically aggressive cell line and altered the phosphorylation of several tyrosine kinases. Fluorescent microscopy showed intracellular uptake of E37, in contrast to membrane binding of E10. Both aptamers inhibited migration of tumour cells in culture (50 and 85% inhibition with respect to control pool for E10 and E37, respectively) while only E10 inhibited cell invasion (−75% with respect to control pool). This proof‐of‐concept study demonstrates the potential of cell‐based SELEX to yield ligands that selectively recognize aggressive metastatic cells and inhibit phenotypes linked to metastatic potential.
Decreased expression of BATF2 is associated with a poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ma Haiqing , Liang Xiaoting , Chen Yibing , Pan Ke , Sun Jiancong , Wang Hui , Wang Qijing , Li Yongqiang , Zhao Jingjing , Li Jianjun , Chen Minshan , Xia Jianchuan 
Published: April 2010

AbstractHuman BATF2, a basic leucine zipper protein, was recently detected in several normal immortalized cell lines but not in transformed cell lines. In addition, the expression of BATF2 also slowed the growth rate of malignant tumor cells injected into athymic nude mice. In this study, to study the role of BATF2 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we examined BATF2 expression in 50 paired HCC tumorous and nontumorous tissues, as well as in five HCC cell lines. Moreover, BATF2 expression in 114 HCC patients was evaluated using immunohistochemistry, and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis was investigated. We found that BATF2 expression was significantly reduced in most HCC tumorous tissues, when compared with nontumorous tissues, as well as in the five HCC cell lines. Consistent with these results, the immunohistochemistry revealed that decreased BATF2 expression was present in 63 of the 114 cases and was significantly correlated with age (p = 0.006), tumor size (p = 0.046) and tumor differentiation (p = 0.030). Patients with negative BATF2 expression showed a shorter survival than those with positive expression (p = 0.016). Multivariate analysis revealed that BATF2 expression was an independent predictor of overall survival (p = 0.015). All the data support the hypothesis that BATF2 plays an important role in the progression of HCC and that it may work as a candidate tumor suppressor and a prognostic marker as well as a potential target for treatment.
Prospective study of human papillomavirus and risk of cervical adenocarcinoma
Authors: Dahlström Lisen Arnheim , Ylitalo Nathalie , Sundström Karin , Palmgren Juni , Ploner Alexander , Eloranta Sandra , Sanjeevi Carani B. , Andersson Sonia , Rohan Thomas , Dillner Joakim , Adami Hans‐Olov , Sparén Pär 
Published: April 2010

AbstractHuman papillomaviruses (HPV) are established as a major cause of cervical carcinoma. However, causality inference is dependent on prospective evidence showing that exposure predicts risk for future disease. Such evidence is available for squamous cell carcinoma, but not for cervical adenocarcinoma. We followed a population‐based cohort of 994,120 women who participated in cytological screening in Sweden for a median of 6.7 years. Baseline smears from women who developed adenocarcinoma during follow‐up (118 women with in situ disease and 164 with invasive disease) and their individually matched controls (1,434 smears) were analyzed for HPV using PCR. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) of future adenocarcinoma with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Being positive for HPV 16 in the first cytologically normal smear was associated with increased risks for both future adenocarcinoma in situ (OR: 11.0, 95% CI: 2.6–46.8) and invasive adenocarcinoma (OR: 16.0, 95% CI: 3.8–66.7), compared to being negative for HPV 16. Similarly, an HPV 18 positive smear was associated with increased risks for adenocarcinoma in situ (OR: 26.0, 95% CI: 3.5–192) and invasive adenocarcinoma (OR: 28.0, 95% CI: 3.8–206), compared to an HPV 18 negative smear. Being positive for HPV 16/18 in 2 subsequent smears was associated with an infinite risk of both in situ and invasive adenocarcinoma. In conclusion, infections with HPV 16 and 18 are detectable up to at least 14 years before diagnosis of cervical adenocarcinoma. Our data provide prospective evidence that the association of HPV 16/18 with cervical adenocarcinoma is strong and causal.
Trends in the incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer in Denmark 1978–2007: Rapid incidence increase among young Danish women
Authors: Birch‐Johansen Fatima , Jensen Allan , Mortensen Lone , Olesen Anne Braae , Kjær Susanne K. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractNonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common cancer among Caucasian populations worldwide, and incidence rates are increasing. However, NMSC data are not routinely collected by cancer registries, but Denmark has extensive registration of NMSC in two nationwide population‐based registries. We assessed incidence trends of NMSC in Denmark from 1978 to 2007. Data for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were obtained from the Danish Cancer Registry and the Danish Registry of Pathology. For both genders, age‐specific incidence rates and overall incidence rates, age‐adjusted according to the World standard population were calculated based on combined data from the two registries. For both genders, a high increase in both BCC and SCC incidence was observed over time. Between 1978 and 2007, the age‐adjusted BCC incidence increased from 27.1 to 96.6 cases per 100,000 person‐years for women and from 34.2 to 91.2 cases for men. The SCC incidence increased from 4.6 to 12.0 cases per 100,000 person‐years for women and from 9.7 to 19.1 cases for men. For both BCC and SCC, women experienced a higher average annual percentage incidence change than men. Furthermore, the average annual percentage change in BCC incidence among persons below 40 years was significantly higher compared to older persons, especially for women. These trends may lead to an alarming NMSC incidence increase over time as population ages and will have major implications for future healthcare services. Our findings underline the need for improved preventive strategies to hamper the increasing NMSC incidence.
Expression of oncogenic K‐ras and loss of Smad4 cooperate to induce the expression of EGFR and to promote invasion of immortalized human pancreas ductal cells
Authors: Zhao Shujie , Wang Yubao , Cao Lin , Ouellette Michel M. , Freeman James W. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractActivating mutation of K‐ras and inactivation of DPC4 are two common genetic alterations that occur in the development and progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC). A separate common event in PDAC progression is increased expression of phosphotyrosine kinase receptors (PTKRs). In our study, we examined whether activating mutations of K‐ras and loss of Smad4 play a role in causing the aberrant expression of PTKRs. Immortalized human pancreas ductal cells (HPNE) were genetically modified by expressing oncogenic K‐ras and/or by shRNA knockdown of Smad4. EGFR and erbB2 protein levels but not Ron or IGF‐1R were substantially upregulated in HPNE cells that express K‐ras(GD12). The increased expression of EGFR in HPNE cells that expressed K‐ras(GD12) was mediated by both stabilizing EGFR protein and by increasing EGFR transcription. TGF‐β signaling partially suppressed K‐ras(GD12) induced EGFR transcription in Smad4 intact HPNE cells; whereas knockdown of Smad4 in cells expressing K‐ras(GD12) further enhanced expression of EGFR and erbB2. The upregulation of EGFR and erbB2 was associated with an increase of invasion, which was blocked by a kinase inhibitor of EGFR. Our study indicates for the first time, that oncogenic ras and loss of Smad signaling cooperate to upregulate EGFR and erbB2, which plays a role in promoting invasion.
Reproductive factors and exogenous hormone use and risk of adult glioma in women in the NIH‐AARP Diet and Health Study
Authors: Kabat Geoffrey C. , Park Yikyung , Hollenbeck Albert R. , Schatzkin Arthur , Rohan Thomas E. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractExperimental evidence suggests that estrogen and other steroid hormones may protect against glioma. Although epidemiologic studies provide only weak support for a role of exogenous or endogenous hormones in gliogenesis, few cohort studies have addressed this question. The authors, therefore, examined the association between menstrual and reproductive factors, exogenous hormone use, and glioma risk among 225,355 women aged 50–71 years who completed the baseline questionnaire in the NIH‐AARP Diet and Health Study. During 7.5 years of follow‐up, 174 cases of incident, primary glioma were ascertained. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for exposures, taking potential confounders into account. Older age at menarche was positively associated with risk: HR 1.67 (95% CI: 1.03, 2.69). Other reproductive factors, including age at first live birth, parity, age at menopause, type of menopause (natural vs. medical) and exogenous hormone use showed no association with glioma risk. The results were similar when the analysis was restricted to cases with glioblastoma (N = 130). The present study provides only limited support for the hypothesis that menstrual/reproductive factors or exogenous hormone use play a role in gliogenesis.
Enhancement of NK cell antitumor responses using an oncolytic parvovirus
Authors: Bhat Rauf , Dempe Sebastian , Dinsart Christiane , Rommelaere Jean 
Published: April 2010

AbstractNatural killer (NK) cells play a vital role in the rejection of tumors. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), however, remains a poor prognosis malignancy, due to its resistance to radio‐ and chemotherapy, and low immunogenicity. We demonstrate here that IL‐2‐activated human NK cells are able to kill PDAC cells. Currently, novel strategies are being pursued to combat PDAC. In this regard, oncolytic viruses, in addition to killing tumor cells, may also have the potential to augment antitumor immune responses. We found that, besides having an intrinsic oncolytic activity, parvovirus H‐1PV is able to enhance NK cell‐mediated killing of PDAC cells. Our results show that H‐1PV infection of Panc‐1 cells increases NK cell capacity to release IFN‐γ, TNF‐α and MIP‐1α/β. Multiple activating receptors are involved in the NK cell‐mediated killing of Panc‐1 cells. Indeed, blocking of the natural cytotoxicity receptors—NKp30, 44 and 46 in combination, and NKG2D and DNAM1 alone inhibit the killing of Panc‐1 cells. Interestingly, H‐1PV infection of Panc‐1 cells overcomes the part of inhibitory effects suggesting that parvovirus may induce additional NK cell ligands on Panc‐1 cells. The enhanced sensitivity of H‐1PV‐infected PDAC cells to NK cell‐dependent killing could be traced back to the upregulation of the DNAM‐1 ligand, CD155 and to the downregulation of MHC class I expression. Our data suggests that NK cells display antitumor potential against PDAC and that H‐1PV‐based oncolytic immunotherapy could further boost NK cell‐mediated immune responses and help to develop a combinatorial therapeutic approach against PDAC.