bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drebrin a knockout eliminates the rapid form of homeostatic synaptic plasticity at excitatory synapses of intact adult cerebral cortex
Authors: Aoki Chiye , Kojima Nobuhiko , Sabaliauskas Nicole , Shah Lokesh , Ahmed Tunazzina H. , Oakford John , Ahmed Tahir , Yamazaki Hiroyuki , Hanamura Kenji , Shirao Tomoaki 
Published: June 2009

AbstractHomeostatic synaptic plasticity (HSP) is important for maintaining neurons' excitability within the dynamic range and for protecting neurons from unconstrained long‐term potentiation that can cause breakdown of synapse specificity (Turrigiano [2008] Cell 135:422–435). Knowledge of the molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains incomplete, especially for the rapid form of HSP. To test whether HSP in adulthood depends on an F‐actin binding protein, drebrin A, mice deleted of the adult isoform of drebrin (DAKO) but retaining the embryonic isoform (drebrin E) were generated. HSP was assayed by determining whether the NR2A subunit of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptors (NMDARs) can rise rapidly within spines following the application of an NMDAR antagonist, D‐APV, onto the cortical surface. Electron microscopic immunocytochemistry revealed that, as expected, the D‐APV treatment of wild‐type (WT) mouse cortex increased the proportion of NR2A‐immunolabeled spines within 30 minutes relative to basal levels in hemispheres treated with an inactive enantiomer, L‐APV. This difference was significant at the postsynaptic membrane and postsynaptic density (i.e., synaptic junction) as well as at nonsynaptic sites within spines and was not accompanied by spine size changes. In contrast, the D‐APV treatment of DAKO brains did not augment NR2A labeling within the spine cytoplasm or at the synaptic junction, even though basal levels of NR2A were not significantly different from those of WT cortices. These findings indicate that drebrin A is required for the rapid (<30 minutes) form of HSP at excitatory synapses of adult cortices, whereas drebrin E is sufficient for maintaining basal NR2A levels within spines. J. Comp. Neurol. 517:105–121, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anatomy and physiology of a set of low‐frequency vibratory interneurons in a nonhearing ensiferan (Troglophilus neglectus, Rhaphidophoridae)
Authors: Stritih Nataša 
Published: June 2009

AbstractVibratory interneurons were investigated in a primitive nonhearing ensiferan (orthopteran) species (Troglophilus neglectus, Rhaphidophoridae), using intracellular recording and staining technique. The study included 26 morphologically and/or physiologically distinct types of neurons from the prothoracic ganglion responding to vibration of the front legs. Most of these neurons are tuned to frequencies below 400 Hz. The morphology, anatomical position in the ganglion, and physiological responses are described in particular for a set of these low‐frequency‐tuned elements, including one local neuron, two T‐shaped fibers, and five descending neurons, for which no putative homologues are known from the hearing Orthoptera. Their lowest thresholds are between about 0.01 and 0.4 m/second2 at frequencies of 50–400 Hz, and the shortest latencies between 10 and 16 msec, suggesting that they are first‐ or second‐order interneurons. Six interneurons have dendritic arborizations in the neuropile region that contains projections of tibial organ vibratory receptors, but their sensitivity suggests predominating inputs from vibrational sensilla of another origin. Responses of most neurons are composed of frequency‐specific excitatory and inhibitory synaptic potentials, most of the latter being received in the high‐frequency range. The function of these neurons in predator detection and intraspecific communication is discussed. J. Comp. Neurol. 516:519–532, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Emotion recognition and regulation in anorexia nervosa
Authors: Harrison Amy , Sullivan Sarah , Tchanturia Kate , Treasure Janet 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIt is recognized that emotional problems lie at the core of eating disorders (EDs) but scant attention has been paid to specific aspects such as emotional recognition, regulation and expression. This study aimed to investigate emotion recognition using the Reading the Mind in the Eyes (RME) task and emotion regulation using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) in 20 women with anorexia nervosa (AN) and 20 female healthy controls (HCs). Women with AN had significantly lower scores on RME and reported significantly more difficulties with emotion regulation than HCs. There was a significant negative correlation between total DERS score and correct answers from the RME. These results suggest that women with AN have difficulties with emotional recognition and regulation. It is uncertain whether these deficits result from starvation and to what extent they might be reversed by weight gain alone. These deficits may need to be targeted in treatment. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message:

Clinicians can work to foster new skills in emotion functioning. This research shows that the acceptability of emotions and recognition of emotions are important factors, so specifically practising emotion recognition and examining the function of emotions might be useful treatment targets.

Building skills in emotion functioning may enable to client to feel more confident about social interaction and reduce isolation.

It might also be useful to involve the family to build a shared understanding of emotional functioning.
Semi‐active tuned mass damper building systems: Application
Authors: Chey Min‐Ho , Chase J. Geoffrey , Mander John B. , Carr Athol J. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractSeismic performance attributes of multi‐story passive and semi‐active tuned mass damper (PTMD and SATMD) building systems are investigated for 12‐story moment resisting frames modeled as ‘10+2’ stories and ‘8+4’ stories. Segmented upper portion of the stories are isolated as a tuned mass, and a passive viscous damper or semi‐active resetable device is adopted as energy dissipation strategy. The semi‐active approach uses feedback control to alter or manipulate the reaction forces, effectively re‐tuning the system depending on the structural response. Optimum tuned mass damper control parameters and appropriate matching SATMD configurations are adopted from a companion study on a simplified two‐degree‐of‐freedom system. Statistical performance metrics are presented for 30 probabilistically scaled earthquake records from the SAC project. Time history analyses are used to compute response reduction factors across a wide range of seismic hazard intensities. Results show that large SATMD systems can effectively manage seismic response for multi‐degree‐of freedom systems across a broad range of ground motions in comparison to passive solutions. Specific results include the identification of differences in the mechanisms by which SATMD and PTMD systems remove energy, based on the differences in the devices used. Additionally, variability is seen to be tighter for the SATMD systems across the suites of ground motions used, indicating a more robust control system. While the overall efficacy of the concept is shown the major issues, such as isolation layer displacement, are discussed in detail not available in simplified spectral analyses, providing further insight into the dynamics of these issues for these systems. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An expanded model for the valuation of employee stock options
Authors: Liao Feng‐Yu , Lyuu Yuh‐Dauh 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe unique characteristics of employee stock options make straightforward applications of traditional option pricing models questionable. This study extends the standard pricing model to account for the dilution effect, the employees' exercise pattern, and the state‐dependent employee forfeiture rate. It also performs comparative analysis of popular existing models and the proposed models. Finally, the impacts of the above‐mentioned factors on the fair value of employee stock options are investigated. The results support the claim that our models reflect the reality better than existing models. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 29:713–735, 2009
Options on normal underlyings with an application to the pricing of survivor swaptions
Authors: Dawson Paul , Dowd Kevin , Cairns Andrew J. G. , Blake David 
Published: June 2009

AbstractSurvivor derivatives are gaining considerable attention in both the academic and practitioner communities. Early trading in such products has generally been confined to products with linear payoffs, both funded (bonds) and unfunded (swaps). History suggests that successful linear payoff derivatives are frequently followed by the development of option‐based products. The random variable in the survivor swap pricing methodology developed by Dowd et al [2006] is (approximately) normally, rather than lognormally, distributed and thus a survivor swaption calls for an option pricing model in which the former distribution is incorporated. We derive such a model here, together with the Greeks and present a discussion of its application to the pricing of survivor swaptions. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 29:757–774, 2009
Minimum variance cross hedging under mean‐reverting spreads, stochastic convenience yields, and jumps: Application to the airline industry
Authors: Bertus Mark , Godbey Jonathan , Hilliard Jimmy E. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractExchange traded futures contracts often are not written on the specific asset that is a source of risk to a firm. The firm may attempt to manage this risk using futures contracts written on a related asset. This cross hedge exposes the firm to a new risk, the spread between the asset underlying the futures contract and the asset that the firm wants to hedge. Using the specific case of the airline industry as motivation, we derive the minimum variance cross hedge assuming a two‐factor diffusion model for the underlying asset and a stochastic, mean‐reverting spread. The result is a time‐varying hedge ratio that can be applied to any hedging horizon. We also consider the effect of jumps in the underlying asset. We use simulations and empirical tests of crude oil, jet fuel cross hedges to demonstrate the hedging effectiveness of the model. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 29:736–756, 2009
A link between the expression of the stem cell marker HMGA2, grading, and the fusion CRTC1‐MAML2 in mucoepidermoid carcinoma
Authors: Fehr André , Meyer Anke , Heidorn Klaus , Röser Kerstin , Löning Thomas , Bullerdiek Jörn 
Published: June 2009

AbstractRecently, the concept of cancer stem cells and their expression of embryonic stem cell markers has gained considerable experimental support. In this study, we examined the expression of one such marker, the high‐mobility group AT‐hook 2 gene (HMGA2) mRNA, in 53 formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC) and four normal parotid tissues using quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR (qPCR). MECs are often characterized by the fusion gene CRTC1‐MAML2, the detection of which is an important tool for the diagnosis and prognosis of MEC. For detection of the CRTC1‐MAML2 fusion transcript, we performed RT‐PCR. The mean expression level of HMGA2 was higher in fusion negative (302.8 ± 124.4; n = 14) than in positive tumors (67.3 ± 13.1; n = 39). Furthermore, the fusion‐negative tumors were often high‐grade tumors and the HMGA2 expression level rose with the tumor grade (low: 43.7 ± 11.0, intermediate: 126.2 ± 28.3, and high: 271.2 ± 126.5). A significant difference was found in the HMGA2 expression levels between the different grading groups (one‐way ANOVA, P = 0.04) and among the fusion‐negative and ‐positive tumors (t‐test, P = 0.05), indicating that the expression level of HMGA2 was closely linked to grading, the presence/absence of the CRTC1‐MAML2 fusion, and the tumor behavior of MECs. These findings offer further evidence for the theory that the MEC group comprises two subgroups: one group with the CRTC1‐MAML2 fusion, which is a group with a moderate aggressiveness and prognosis, and the other group lacking that fusion corresponding to an increased stemness, and thus, higher aggressiveness and worse prognosis. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Contributions to the chemistry of 3‐cyanoacetylhydrazono‐2‐indolinones and X‐ray structure of Z‐3‐cyanoacetylhydrazono‐2‐indolinone monohydrate
Authors: Somogyi László , Bényei Attila Csaba 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe tendency of acylhydrazones to undergo a spontaneous cyclization into 1,3,4‐oxadiazolines has been investigated. Contrary to the literature data, an attempted transformation of isatin cyanoacetylhydrazone in solution generates stereoisomers and not the reported structural isomer oxadiazoline. A similar behavior of the corresponding l‐methyl‐ and l‐acetylisatin derivatives even under acetylation conditions has been found. The crystal structure of the Z isomer of 3‐cyanoacetylhydrazono‐2‐indolinone monohydrate is reported. It contains strong intramolecular hydrogen bond between the hydrazone NH and oxygen atom of the indolinone carbonyl, and in this way the Z isomer over the CN bond is stabilized. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 20:183–193, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20531
Greenland Ice Sheet surface mass‐balance modelling and freshwater flux for 2007, and in a 1995–2007 perspective
Authors: Mernild Sebastian H. , Liston Glen E. , Hiemstra Christopher A. , Steffen Konrad , Hanna Edward , Christensen Jens H. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe freshwater flux from the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) to the ocean is of considerable importance to the global eustatic sea level rise. A physical modelling approach using SnowModel, a state‐of‐the‐art snow‐evolution modelling system that includes four submodels (MicroMet, EnBal, SnowPack, and SnowTran‐3D), was used to quantify the 1995–2007 GrIS surface mass‐balance (SMB), including freshwater flux. Meteorological observations from 26 meteorological stations located on the GrIS (Greenland Climate Network; GC‐Net stations) and in coastal Greenland (Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI) WMO‐stations) were used as model inputs. The GrIS minimum surface melt extent of 29% occurred in 1996, while the greatest extent of 51% was present in 2007. The 2007 melt extent was 20% greater than the average for 1995–2006. The year 2007 had the highest GrIS surface runoff (523 km3 y−1) and the lowest SMB (−3 km3 y−1); the only year with a negative GrIS SMB. Runoff in 2007 was approximately 35% greater than average for 1995–2006. From 1995 through 2007 overall, precipitation decreased while ablation increased, leading to an increased average SMB loss of 127 km3. The modelled GrIS SMB was merged with previous estimates of GrIS subglacial runoff (from geothermal melt) and GrIS calving to quantify GrIS freshwater flux to the ocean, indicating an average negative mass‐balance of 265 ( ±83) km3 y−1. This study further suggests an average GrIS freshwater flux of approximately 786 km3 y−1 to the ocean, of which 45% occurs from iceberg calving and geothermal bottom melting. The average annual GrIS freshwater flux equals 2·1 ± 0·2 mm w.eq. y−1 in eustatic sea level rise, indicating a cumulative flux of 28 mm w.eq. from 1995 through 2007. The average GrIS net loss contributes to a net sea level rise of 0·7 ± 0·2 mm w.eq. y−1, and a cumulative net increase of 10 mm w.eq. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biscoclaurine alkaloid cepharanthine inhibits the growth of primary effusion lymphoma in vitro and in vivo and induces apoptosis via suppression of the NF‐κB pathway
Authors: Takahashi‐Makise Naoko , Suzu Shinya , Hiyoshi Masateru , Ohsugi Takeo , Katano Harutaka , Umezawa Kazuo , Okada Seiji 
Published: June 2009

AbstractPrimary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a unique and recently identified non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma that was originally identified in patients with AIDS. PEL is caused by the Kaposi sarcoma‐associated herpes virus (KSHV/HHV‐8) and shows a peculiar presentation involving liquid growth in the serous body cavity and a poor prognosis. As the nuclear factor (NF)‐κB pathway is activated in PEL and plays a central role in oncogenesis, we examined the effect of a biscoclaurine alkaloid, cepharanthine (CEP) on PEL derived cell lines (BCBL‐1, TY‐1 and RM‐P1), in vitro and in vivo. An methylthiotetrazole assay revealed that the cell proliferation of PEL cell lines was significantly suppressed by the addition of CEP (1–10 μg/ml). CEP also inhibited NF‐κB activation and induced apoptotic cell death in PEL cell lines. We established a PEL animal model by intraperitoneal injection of BCBL‐1, which led to the development of ascites and diffuse infiltration of organs, without obvious solid lymphoma formation, which resembles the diffuse nature of human PEL. Intraperitoneal administration of CEP inhibited ascites formation and diffuse infiltration of BCBL‐1 without significant systemic toxicity in this model. These results indicate that NF‐κB could be an ideal molecular target for treating PEL and that CEP is quite useful as a unique therapeutic agent for PEL. © 2009 UICC
EUROGIN 2008 roadmap on cervical cancer prevention
Authors: Franceschi Silvia , Cuzick Jack , Herrero Rolando , Dillner Joakim , Wheeler Cosette M. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe EUROGIN 2008 Roadmap represents a continuing effort to provide updated information on primary and secondary prevention of cervical cancer. The report addresses several areas including the progress made toward global implementation of currently licensed human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines, the possibilities and value of future‐generation HPV vaccines, endpoints under consideration for evaluation of candidate HPV vaccines, and monitoring impact of HPV vaccination programmes that can be implemented within developed and less‐developed countries. For the sake of completeness, a short update on the evolution of HPV testing in primary screening programmes at present and after HPV vaccine introduction has also been included. The report is available on the EUROGIN website (www.eurogin.com). © 2009 UICC
Epigenetic regulation of microRNA expression in colorectal cancer
Authors: Bandres Eva , Agirre Xabier , Bitarte Nerea , Ramirez Natalia , Zarate Ruth , Roman‐Gomez Jose , Prosper Felipe , Garcia‐Foncillas Jesus 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIn the last years, microRNAs (miRNA) have emerged as new molecular players involved in carcinogenesis. Deregulation of miRNAs expression has been shown in different human cancer but the molecular mechanism underlying the alteration of miRNA expression is unknown. To identify tumor‐supressor miRNAs silenced through aberrant epigenetic events in colorectal cancer (CRC), we used a sequential approach. We first identified 5 miRNAs down‐regulated in patient with colorectal cancer samples and located around/on a CpG island. Treatment with a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor and a HDAC inhibitor restored expression of 3 of the 5 microRNAs (hsa‐miR‐9, hsa‐miR‐129 and hsa‐miR‐137) in 3 CRC cell lines. Expression of hsa‐miR‐9 was inversely correlated with methylation of their promoter regions as measure by MSP and bisulphate sequencing. Further, methylation of the hsa‐miR‐9‐1, hsa‐miR‐129‐2 and hsa‐miR‐137 CpG islands were frequently observed in CRC cell lines and in primary CRC tumors, but not in normal colonic mucosa. Finally, methylation of hsa‐miR‐9‐1 was associated with the presence of lymph node metastasis. In summary, our results aid in the understanding of miRNA gene regulation showing that aberrant DNA methylation and histone modifications work together to induce silencing of miRNAs in CRC. © 2009 UICC
Sphingosine kinase 1 inhibition sensitizes hormone‐resistant prostate cancer to docetaxel
Authors: Sauer Lysann , Nunes Joao , Salunkhe Vishal , Skalska Lenka , Kohama Takafumi , Cuvillier Olivier , Waxman Jonathan , Pchejetski Dmitry 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIt has recently been shown that docetaxel chemotherapy is effective in prolonging life in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). We have investigated potential ways of increasing the effectiveness of chemotherapy in this disease. We have previously reported that sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) inhibition is a key step in docetaxel‐induced apoptosis in the PC‐3 PCa cell line and that pharmacologicalSphK1 inhibition is chemosensitizing in the docetaxel‐resistant PCa LNCaP cell line. In this study we have addressed the mechanism of docetaxel‐induced apoptosis of PC‐3 cells and identified SphK1‐dependent and ‐independent components. We have shown that SphK1 inhibition by docetaxel is a two‐step process involving an initial loss of enzyme activity followed by a decrease in SphK1 gene expression. Using hormoneresistant PC‐3 and DU145 PCa cells we have demonstrated that both pharmacological and siRNA‐mediated SphK1 inhibition leads to a four‐fold decrease in the docetaxel IC50 dose. This work points out to potential ways of increasing the effectiveness of chemotherapy for PCa by SphK1 inhibition. © 2009 UICC
Upregulation of myosin Va by Snail is involved in cancer cell migration and metastasis
Authors: Lan Linxiang , Han Haibo , Zuo Huijing , Chen Zhiguo , Du Yantao , Zhao Wei , Gu Jin , Zhang Zhiqian 
Published: June 2009

AbstractCell migration, which involves acto‐myosin dynamics, cell adhesion, membrane trafficking and signal transduction, is a prerequisite for cancer cell metastasis. Here, we report that an actin‐dependent molecular motor, unconventional myosin Va, is involved in this process and implicated in cancer metastasis. The mRNA expression of myosin Va is increased in a number of highly metastatic cancer cell lines and metastatic colorectal cancer tissues. Suppressing the expression of myosin Va by lentivirus‐based RNA interference in highly metastatic cancer cells impeded their migration and metastasis capabilities both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the levels of myosin Va in cancer cell lines are positively correlated with the expression of Snail, a transcriptional repressor that triggers epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Repression or overexpression of Snail in cancer cells caused reduced or elevated levels of myosin Va, respectively. Furthermore, Snail can bind to an E‐box of the myosin Va promoter and induce its activity, which indicates that Snail might act as a transcriptional activator. These data demonstrate an essential role of myosin Va in cancer cell migration and metastasis, and suggest a novel target for Snail in its regulation of cancer progression.