bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of autoantibodies and CD5+ B cells in ocular adnexal marginal zone B cell lymphomas
Authors: Kubota T , Moritani S , Yoshino T , Nagai H , Terasaki H 
Published: December 2009

Aim:To determine the clinicopathological properties of ocular adnexal marginal zone B cell lymphomas (MZBLs) with CD5+ B cells.Methods:This study determined the clinicopathological properties of MZBL samples from 97 patients with ocular adnexal MZBLs and searched for hallmarks of systemic autoimmunity in these patients.Results:Two elderly female patients were found to have ocular adnexal MZBLs with CD5+ B cells; flow cytometry analysis suggested that one of these MZBLs had CD5+ B cell clonal proliferation. The levels of anti-single stranded (SS)-DNA and anti-SS-A/Ro antibodies in these two patients were significantly higher than those in controls that were matched for age, gender and disease (2/2 versus 0/14; p = 0.008) and controls without MZBL (2/2 versus 0/30; p = 0.002). The genes from the immunoglobulin heavy-chain variable region for one of the patients showed a V3-21 segment. In addition, another patient with ocular adnexal reactive lymphoid hyperplasia with CD5+ B cells also had anti-SS-DNA antibodies.Conclusion:Patients with ocular adnexal MZBLs with CD5+ B cells may have a background of systemic conditions with CD5+ B-cell-related autoantibodies.
When physicians forego the doctor–patient relationship, should they elect to self-prescribe or curbside? An empirical and ethical analysis
Authors: Walter J K , Lang C W , Ross L F 
Published: December 2009

Background:The American Medical Association, the British Medical Association and the Canadian Medical Association have guidelines that specifically discourage physicians from self-prescribing or prescribing to family members, but only the BMA addresses informal prescription requests between colleagues.Objective:To examine the practices of paediatric providers regarding self-prescribing, curbsiding colleagues, and prescribing and refusing to prescribe to friends and family.Methods:1086 paediatricians listed from the American Academy of Paediatrics 2007 web-based directory were surveyed.Results:44% (430/982) of eligible survey respondents returned usable surveys. Almost half (198/407) of respondents had prescribed for themselves. An equal number (198/411) had informally requested a prescription from a colleague. Three-quarters (325/429) stated they had been asked to prescribe a prescription drug for a first-degree or second-degree relative, and 51% (186/363) had been asked by their spouse. Eighty-six per cent (343/397) stated that they had refused to write a prescription on at least one occasion for a friend or family member. The following reasons “strongly influenced” their decision to refuse a prescription request: (1) outside of provider’s expertise (88%); (2) patient’s need for his or her own physician (70%); (3) not medically indicated (69%); (4) need for a physical examination (65%).Conclusion:These data confirm that most physicians have engaged in self-prescribing or curbside requests for prescriptions. It can be argued that curbsiding is more morally problematic than self-prescribing because it implicates a third party, and should be discouraged regardless of whether the requester is a colleague, family member or friend.
Male and female rats with severe protein restriction present delayed wound healing
Authors: Otranto Marcela , Souza-Netto Isabel , Águila Márcia Barbosa , Monte-Alto-Costa Andréa 
Published: December 2009

Malnutrition remains a significant problem, not only in developing countries, but also in the developed world. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of protein restriction on rat excisional cutaneous healing. Male and female rats (12 weeks old) were exposed to different degrees of protein restriction (23%, 12% (slight restriction), and 0% (severe restriction)) for 12 weeks. On week 9, a full-thickness excisional skin lesion was performed, and the lesion area was measured to evaluate wound contraction and re-epithelialization. Euthanasia was performed after 12 weeks, and the lesion and adjacent skin were removed, fixed in formalin, and embedded in paraffin. Sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, toluidine blue, picro-mallory, and sirius red, and were immunostained for α-smooth muscle actin. Animals (males and females) exposed to severe protein restriction (0% protein) presented impairment of wound contraction. Inflammatory cells were present in higher amounts in the protein-restricted groups than in the 23% group. Extracellular matrix was poorly deposited in the severely restricted group (0%), but only mildly disturbed in the slightly restricted group (12%). Neovascularization was disturbed in both restricted groups. Our study demonstrates that animals exposed to slight protein restriction present disturbed wound healing, but animals exposed to severe protein restriction present impaired wound healing.
Slow postmeal walking reduces postprandial glycemia in middle-aged women
Authors: Nygaard Håvard , Tomten Sissel Erland , Høstmark Arne Torbjørn 
Published: December 2009

Postprandial blood glucose concentration is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, even at states well below hyperglycemic levels. A previous study has shown that postmeal exercise of moderate intensity blunts the blood glucose increase after carbohydrate intake (Høstmark et al. Prev. Med. 42(5): 369–371). The objective of the present study was to examine whether even postmeal slow walking would have a similar effect. Fourteen healthy women aged >50 years participated in 3 experiments in a random crossover design: after a carbohydrate-rich meal, either they were seated (control experiment) or they performed slow postmeal walking for 15 min (W15) or 40 min (W40). Blood glucose concentration was determined prior to the meal (fasting), and at 11 time points throughout each experiment. The W15 trial lowered the blood glucose values during walking and delayed the peak blood glucose value (p = 0.003). In W40, the postmeal blood glucose increase during walking was blunted, the peak glucose value was delayed (p = 0.001), and the incremental area under the 2-h blood glucose curve (IAUC) was reduced (p = 0.014). There was a negative relationship between IAUC and walking time (p = 0.016). The individual reducing effect of walking on IAUC correlated strongly with IAUC on the control day (p < 0.001). We conclude that even slow postmeal walking can reduce the blood glucose response to a carbohydrate-rich meal. The magnitude of this effect seems to be related to the duration of walking and to the magnitude of the postprandial blood glucose response when resting after a carbohydrate-rich meal.
Stress and reproduction inBoiga irregulariswith notes on the ultrastructure of the sexual segment of the kidney in squamates
Authors: Siegel D. S. , Aldridge R. D. , Clark C. S. , Poldemann E. H. , Gribbins K. M. 
Published: December 2009

The reproductive tract of wild-caught male Boiga irregularis (Merrem, 1802) (Brown Treesnake) and the changes that result in these tissues from captivity are described. Wild-caught snakes were compared with snakes kept in captivity and sacrificed at approximately 10, 30, 50, and 60+ days. Snakes sacrificed after 10 days in captivity showed no differences in histological appearance or epithelial height in either the testis or sexual segment of the kidney (SSK) compared with wild snakes. Normal spermatogenic stages and SSK ultrastructure were observed in the testes and kidney from wild specimens and captive specimens after 10 days. In terms of the SSK, large electron-dense secretory vacuoles occupied the apices of the epithelial cells, while a basal nucleus, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi bodies filled the bases of these cells. All SSK cells were actively secretory in a mode that could most accurately be termed apocrine. At time of secretion, released vacuoles become diffuse and the apical membrane ruptures, spilling the SSK contents into the distal nephron lumen. Between 10 and 30 days in captivity, spermatogenesis and secretion in the SSK ceased and the epithelial height of both tissues decreased. At approximately 60 days, testicular epithelial height increased and spermatogenic activity was reestablished. The SSK, however, remained regressed at 60 days.
The mating system of polar bears: a genetic approach
Authors: Zeyl E. , Aars J. , Ehrich D. , Bachmann L. , Wiig Ø. 
Published: December 2009

Parentage analysis data for 583 individuals genotyped at 27 microsatellite loci were used to study the mating system of polar bears ( Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774) in the Barents Sea area. We discriminated statistically between full and half-siblings identified through only one common parent. We document for the first time multiple paternity in polar bears. We demonstrated for both sexes low fidelity to mating partners over time. We did not detect any significant difference between the age distribution of adult males at capture and the age distribution of males siring cubs. This might indicate that the male’s age and size are less indicative of the reproductive success than previously thought. This is further supported by a rather long mean litter interval of 3.9 years for males siring several litters. The mating system of polar bears in the Barents Sea appears to be promiscuous, usually with a single successful father siring full siblings within a year, but with consecutive litters of a mother being fathered by different males. We discuss how population density, landscape characteristics, and adult sex ratio might influence the mating system of polar bears. This is of particular importance for management decisions such as, e.g., implementing sex ratios in hunting quotas.
The effects of feeding on cell morphology and proliferation of the gastrointestinal tract of juvenile Burmese pythons (Python molurus)
Authors: Helmstetter Cécile , Pope Robert K. , T’Flachebba Mathieu , Secor Stephen M. , Lignot Jean-Hervé 
Published: December 2009

The gastrointestinal tract of Burmese pythons ( Python molurus (L., 1758)) exhibits large morphological and physiological changes in response to feeding and extended periods of fasting. In this study the mucosa of the stomach, small intestine, and colon were examined for changes in structure and cellular proliferation. The mucosa of fasting pythons exhibited low levels of cellular replication, but after feeding, cellular replication was evident as early as 12 h in the small intestine and colon and 24 h in the stomach. Replication peaked 3 days postfeeding for the small intestine and colon, but was still increasing at 6 days postfeeding in the stomach. Interestingly, cell proliferation was still evident after 45 days in the colon. In these tissues, a stock of “ready-to-use” primary lysosomes is found in the mucosal cells of fasting animals, whereas profound intracellular recycling is typical of animals that have been fed. These findings indicate that during the postprandial period, the intestinal mucosa undergoes extensive remodelling in anticipation of the next fasting and feeding period. One key adaptive factor for the python’s ability to cope with infrequent feeding is a well-prepared digestive system in fasting animals that can quickly start functioning again when food becomes available.
HARDY–SOBOLEV–MAZ'YA INEQUALITIES: SYMMETRY AND BREAKING SYMMETRY OF EXTREMAL FUNCTIONS
Authors: GAZZINI MARITA , MUSINA ROBERTA 
Published: December 2009

Denote points in ℝk × ℝN - k as pairs ξ = (x,y), and assume 2 ≤ k < N. In this paper, we study the problem [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], the Hardy constant. Our results are the following: (i) Let [Formula: see text]. Then there exists at least an entire cylindrically symmetric solution. (ii) Let [Formula: see text] and λ ≥ 0. Then any solution v ∈ Lp(ℝN;|x|-bdξ) is cylindrically symmetric. (iii) Let [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Then ground state solutions are not cylindrically symmetric, and therefore there exist at least two distinct entire solutions. We prove also similar results for the degenerate problem [Formula: see text] namely, for the Euler–Lagrange equations of the Maz'ya inequality with cylindrical weights.
香港邊緣社群社會資本的貧乏
Authors: 黃 洪 
Published: December 2009

本文根據調查資料，分析香港邊緣社群（包括貧窮人士以及無業、不固定工作者）的社會網絡，並根據這些人士的社會網絡的規模及同質化程度，來衡量其社會資本的數量及性質。結果顯示貧窮人士社會網絡的規模明顯較非貧窮人士小，尤其以介紹工作網絡的差別最明顯，這顯示貧窮人士的社會資本較非貧窮人士少。貧窮戶的社會網絡中亦以無業人士居多，以致社會網絡出現同質化的情況。沒有工作及屬不固定工作人士的社會網絡的規模亦明顯小於有固定工作的人士，其社會網絡亦出現同質化，而無業或工作不穩定對男性造成同質化的影響較女性大。所以，無業及不穩定工作人士的社會資本較固定工作人士少。要真正解決香港的貧窮問題，必須增加貧窮人士的社會資本。 This paper, based on a sample survey, analysed the social network of the marginal groups including the poor, the un-employed and people with unstable jobs in Hong Kong. The quantity and quality of social capital of the above groups were measured according to the size and homogeneity of their social network. Results showed that the size of social network of the poor was significantly smaller than that of the non-poor, especially in the network of job searching. This suggests that the social capital of the poor was less than that of the non-poor. It is more likely that the social network of the poor was constituted of the un-employed, that was why it was more homogenous. Social network of the un-employed and people with unstable jobs was smaller than that of the people with stable jobs. The un-employed or unstable job holders also induced homogeneity in their social network, the impact of which was greater on male than female. To alleviate the problem of poverty in Hong Kong, we should increase the social capital of the deprived people.
AN INDIGENOUS PSYCHO-EDUCATIONAL GROUP FOR CHINESE BEREAVED FAMILY MEMBERS
Authors: CHAN CECILIA L. W. , CHOW AMY Y. M. 
Published: December 2009

Detrimental effects of bereavement on physical, mental, social and psychological aspects of individuals can be found among bereaved Chinese. The authors have developed an indigenous practice model to work with bereaved family members among Chinese people in Hong Kong. The concept of bereavement was re-cast to include the idea that bereavement is a challenge that can aid in personal growth. Strategies were created to deal with the feelings of loss and separation positively. Programs in a "growth-oriented" psychosocial-educational group using multiple cognitive, behavioral and spiritual strategies were introduced. Throughout the sessions, messages of "Letting Go", "Self-Love", "Forgiveness" and "Transformation" were embedded in the programs by culturally relevant terms and concepts. A pre-group and post-group questionnaire as well as long interviews were used to evaluate the impact of the group on the participants. Participants of the bereavement groups showed significant improvements in somatic symptoms, anxiety, depression, mood, self-acceptance, letting-go and transformation.丧亲会损害家人的身、心、情绪健康。笔者们共同设计了一套本地化「善别」概念为香港华人服务。「善别」的建立是基于「去者能善终、留者能善别」的信念，希望丧亲家人能「妥善处理别离的经验」，明白「死亡」是生命的蜕变，而善别、是成长的挑战」，以积极的态度去面对丧亲所引致的别离，以个人成长及独立训练作为回报亲人的关顾。「善别」辅导小组以身、心、灵全面介入，推介「舍得」、「惜自己」、「宽恕」、和「升华」等传统观念。透过小组前、后对比及访问方式搜集善别小组成效的证据。组员在参加小组之后均于身心、情绪、自我接纳、「舍得」及「升华」方面有正面的改善。
Ancient orogens and modern analogues: an introduction
Authors: Murphy J. Brendan , Keppie J. Duncan , Hynes Andrew J. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
Plate-tectonics principles have been routinely applied to the study of Phanerozoic orogenic belts and, more controversially, to Precambrian orogens as far back as the Early Archaean. Recent advances in a variety of fields have vastly improved our understanding of ancient orogenic belts, so that realistic modern analogues can be entertained. This volume presents up-to-date syntheses of some classic modern and ancient orogenic belts as well as examples of some of the processes responsible for their evolution.
Palaeozoic palaeogeography of Mexico: constraints from detrital zircon age data
Authors: Nance R. Damian , Keppie J. Duncan , Miller Brent V. , Murphy J. Brendan , Dostal Jaroslav 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

Detrital zircon age populations from Palaeozoic sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks in Mexico support palinspastic linkages to the northwestern margin of Gondwana (Amazonia) during the late Proterozoic–Palaeozoic. Age data from: (1) the latest Cambrian-Pennsylvanian cover of the
c
. 1 Ga Oaxacan Complex of southern Mexico; (2) the ?Cambro-Ordovician to Triassic Acatlán Complex of southern Mexico's Mixteca terrane; and (3) the ?Silurian Granjeno Schist of northeastern Mexico's Sierra Madre terrane, collectively suggest Precambrian provenances in: (1) the
c
. 500–650 Ma Brasiliano orogens and
c
. 600–950 Ma Goias magmatic arc of South America, the Pan-African Maya terrane of the Yucatan Peninsula, and/or the
c
. 550–600 Ma basement that potentially underlies parts of the Acatlán Complex; (2) the Oaxaquia terrane or other
c
. 1 Ga basement complexes of the northern Andes; and (3)
c
. 1.4–3.0 Ga cratonic provinces that most closely match those of Amazonia. Exhumation within the Acatlán Complex of
c
. 440–480 Ma granitoids prior to the Late Devonian–early Mississippian, and
c
. 290 Ma granitoids in the early Permian, likely provided additional sources in the Palaeozoic. The detrital age data support the broad correlation of Palaeozoic strata in the Mixteca and Sierra Madre terranes, and suggest that, rather than representing vestiges of Iapetus or earlier oceanic tracts as has previously been proposed, both were deposited along the southern, Gondwanan (Oaxaquia) margin of the Rheic Ocean and were accreted to Laurentia during the assembly of Pangaea in the late Palaeozoic.
Rheic Ocean mafic complexes: overview and synthesis
Authors: Murphy J. Brendan , Gutiérrez-Alonso Gabriel , Nance R. Damian , Fernández-Suárez Javier , Keppie J. Duncan , Quesada Cecilio , Dostal Jaroslav , Braid James A. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

The Rheic Ocean formed during the Late Cambrian–Early Ordovician when peri-Gondwanan terranes (e.g. Avalonia) drifted from the northern margin of Gondwana, and was consumed during the collision between Laurussia and Gondwana and the amalgamation of Pangaea. Several mafic complexes, from the Acatlán Complex in Mexico to the Bohemian Massif in eastern Europe, have been interpreted to represent vestiges of the Rheic Ocean. Most of these complexes are either Late Cambrian–Early Ordovician or Late Palaeozoic in age. Late Cambrian–Early Ordovician complexes are predominantly rift-related continental tholeiites, derived from an enriched
c.
1.0 Ga subcontinental lithospheric mantle, and are associated with crustally-derived felsic volcanic rocks. These complexes are widespread and virtually coeval along the length of the Gondwanan margin. They reflect magmatism that accompanied the early stages of rifting and the formation of the Rheic Ocean, and they remained along the Gondwanan margin to form part of a passive margin succession as Avalonia and other peri-Gondwanan terranes drifted northward. True ophiolitic complexes of this age are rare, a notable exception occurring in NW Iberia where they display ensimatic arc geochemical affinities. These complexes were thrust over, or extruded into, the Gondwanan margin during the Late Devonian–Carboniferous collision between Gondwana and Laurussia (Variscan orogeny). The Late Palaeozoic mafic complexes (Devonian and Carboniferous) preserve many of the lithotectonic and/or chemical characteristics of ophiolites. They are characterized by derivation from an anomalous mantle which displays time-integrated depletion in Nd relative to Sm. Devonian ophiolites pre-date closure of the Rheic Ocean. Although their tectonic setting is controversial, there is a consensus that most of them reflect narrow tracts of oceanic crust that originated along the Laurussian margin, but were thrust over Gondwana during Variscan orogenesis. The relationship of the Carboniferous ophiolites to the Rheic Ocean
sensu stricto
is unclear, but some of them apparently formed in a strike-slip regimes within a collisional setting directly related to the final stages of the closure of the Rheic Ocean.
Neoproterozoic reworking of the Palaeoproterozoic Capricorn Orogen of Western Australia and implications for the amalgamation of Rodinia
Authors: Occhipinti Sandra A. , Reddy Steven M. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

Argon isotopic data from mica from the southern Capricorn region of Western Australia record complex intra- and inter-grain systematics that reflect modification due to a range of processes. However,
40
Ar/
39
Ar age distributions, though complex, generally show early Neoproterozoic ages in the west, increasing to Mesoproterozoic ages in the east. Palaeoproterozoic ages associated with cooling after the
c.
1.8 Ga Capricorn Orogen or
c.
1.6 Ga Mangaroon Orogen are not preserved. These data reflect cooling from a
c
. 300 °C thermal overprint that took place prior to 960 Ma that is related to the enigmatic Edmundian Orogeny. These data, combined with sediment provenance data from the Early Neoproterozoic Officer Basin and U–Pb age data from the nearby Pinjarra Orogen, indicate that the late Mesoproterozoic–Neoproterozoic Pinjarra and Edmundian events are dynamically linked and reflect tectonic activity on the western margin of the amalgamated West Australian Craton. The temporal framework for this event suggest a link to the evolving Rodinian supercontinent and reflect the oblique collision of either Greater India or Kalahari cratons with the West Australian Craton. These results illustrate that the temporal evolution of poorly preserved orogens can be constrained by low-temperature thermochronology in the adjacent cratons.
The Palaeoproterozoic Trans-Hudson Orogen: a prototype of modern accretionary processes
Authors: Corrigan D. , Pehrsson S. , Wodicka N. , de Kemp E. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

The Trans-Hudson Orogen (THO) of North America is one of the earliest orogens in Earth's history that evolved through a complete Wilson Cycle. It represents
c
. 150 Ma of opening of the Manikewan Ocean, from
c
. 2.07–1.92 Ga, followed by its demise in the interval 1.92–1.80 Ga, during the final phase of growth of the Supercontinent Columbia (Nuna). It is characterized by three lithotectonic divisions: (i) Churchill margin (or peri-Churchill); (ii) Reindeer Zone; and (iii) Superior margin (or peri-Superior). The peri-Churchill realm records progressive outward continental growth by accretion of Archaean to Palaeoproterozoic micro-continents (Hearne, Meta Incognita/Core Zone, Sugluk) and eventually arc terranes (La Ronge–Lynn Lake) to the Slave-Rae nuclei, with attendant development of orogenies and basin inversions related to the specific accretion events (1.92–1.89 Ga Snowbird; 1.88–1.865 Ga Foxe; 1.87–1.865 Ga Reindeer orogenies). The Reindeer Zone is characterized by primitive to evolved oceanic arcs, back-arc basins, oceanic crust and ocean plateaus that formed during closure of the Manikewan Ocean, and accretion of a micro-continent (Sask Craton) and smaller Archaean crustal fragments. The terminal phase of the Trans–Hudson orogeny represents collision between the Superior craton, the Reindeer Zone and the composite western Churchill Province during the interval 1.83–1.80 Ga.