bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial Activity of Mirabilis jalapa Leaves (Karifuma) Extract Against Bacterial Wound Infection from Patients Attending Rango Health Center
Authors: Innocent NZABANTERURA , ALAIN PRUDENCE ISHIMWE , Jean Pierre UWIZEYIMANA , Ezechiel BIZIMANA , Chrysostome UWIHANGANYE Jean 
Published: June 2024

Background: Mirabilis jalapa is a perennial herbaceous bushy plant with several pharmacological activities, such as anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-bacterial, anti-microbial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, diuretic and anthelmintic. Wound infections are a major public health concern in Rwanda, with 8% of the general population having difficulties controlling them and 25% of those above 60 years old. Traditional medicine is used to treat many conditions such as chest infections, coughs, snake-bites and burns. Mirabilis jalapa seeds have been reported to be effective against bacteria causing wound infections. Aim: This study evaluated the antibacterial activity of Mirabilis jalapa leaves extract against infected wound bacteria from patients attending Rango Health Center.
Methods: Cross sectional study design and maceration method was used in Mirabilis jalapa leaves extraction with Methanol, Ethanol, Diethyl ether and Distilled water as solvents.
Results: Different extracts were obtained according to the solvents with different volumes and concentrations. The highest extract volume obtained was Distilled water with 6 ml and the least was Diethyl ether with 2.7 ml. In 71 participants who had wound infection, 42% had a bacterial infection. Among them, 25% had Staphylococcus aureus, 7% had Klebsiella pneumoniae, 6% had Escherichia coli, and 4% had Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Through the agar well diffusion method, Methanol extracts showed the highest inhibition zones while distilled water extracts exhibited the lowest inhibition zones to the isolated bacteria.
Conclusion: The study confirms the antibacterial activity of the Mirabilis jalapa leaves extract against infected wound bacteria, with methanol and ethanol being the best solvents.
Keywords: Mirabilis jalapa leaves, wound infections, antibacterial activity
Review on Callilstemon citrinus: Recent Approaches in Novel Drug Delivery System
Authors: Gadhave Trupti Bhausaheb , Bhandawane Deepti D , Hajare Pratiksha K , Jadhav Mohini B 
Published: June 2024

Callistemon citrinus is an ornamental plant. The plant is commonly originated in subtropical and tropical region. C.citrinus, commonly referred to as bottlebrush, is a member of myrtaceae family. Active ingreadients such as 1, 8-cineole, triterpenoids, α-pinenes, eucalyptol, tannis, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phytosterol etc. are mostly found in the various plant sections. It is generally use in traditional, folk and herbal medicine as a water accent, anticough, antibronchtits, insecticide and treatment of diarrhoea, dysentery and rheumatism. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review on the pharmacological aspects and recent novel approaches of callistemon citrinus highlight methodologies, applications, and potential contributions of this natural extract in enhancing drug delivery, offering insights into its pharmacological potential and future prospects in the field. The primary objective to collect updated information about effectiveness of the plant extract in addressing specific health issues and its potential as a therapeutic effect using novel drug delivery systems. Innovative methods explored in delivering the plant extract, such as Nano formulations in various diseases i.e. Antifungal properties, acute toxicity, brine shrimp cytotoxicity and relaxant activity, antimicrobial Activity etc. The methods improve therapeutic efficacy and reduces side effects by optimizing the delivery of bioactive compounds from callistemon citrinus.
Keywords: Callistemon citrinus, Bottle brush, Pharmacological activities, Novel Drug Delivery Systems, Isolated compounds.
A Review of Darchini (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) in Unani Medicine with Therapeutic Benefits and other Pharmacological potential
Authors: Ahmad Sarfaraz , Mehdi Sumbul , Aleem Abdul , Khan Asif Ahmad , Naseem Saima , Ahmad Marghoob 
Published: June 2024

Darchini (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) is a bark of a cinnamon plant that belongs to the Lauraceae family. Cinnamon is a rich tasting and aromatic spice used by different cultures worldwide. Recently, many phytochemicals were discovered and obtained from Darchini. Numerous experimental research using these phytochemical components have established several therapeutic actions. In addition, it possesses useful medicinal properties and is considered a remedy for indigestion, flatulency, depletion of innate heat, respiratory diseases, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological disorders. A manual literature search of classical Unani manuscripts was carried out to acquire information on temperament (Mizaj), pharmacological activities and medicinal applications of Darchini. In addition, all accessible material on phytochemical, physiochemical and pharmacological studies have been collected using an extensive review of internet sources such PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct. The aim of this review article is to further highlight the discovered pharmacological effect and medicinal values of Cinnamomum zeylanicum as per the Unani literature as well as scientific research. Based on scientific studies regarding its phytochemical components, it is beneficial for various ailments. Darchini also has a beneficial effect on some gynaecological disorders such as amenorrhoea, dysmenorrhoea, leucorrhoea, menorrhagia, prolapse, and vaginosis. However, there is need to conduct experimental and clinical study to validate their effectiveness and safety in humans.
Keywords: Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Darchini, Gynaecological disorders Phytochemicals, Unani system of medicine
Isolation and Identification of Bacteria from Electronic devices used by Students and Staffs in Ines Ruhengeri
Authors: Jean Pierre UWIZEYIMANA , ALAIN PRUDENCE ISHIMWE , Innocent NZABANTERURA , Ezechiel BIZIMANA , Chrysostome UWIHANGANYE Jean , Jean de Dieu Ndayambaje , Godefroid NZEYIMANA , Jean Polycarpe Delphin IRAKOZE 
Published: June 2024

Background: Electronic devices have become one of the most essential accessories being used in daily lives including schools. Those devices increase the communication and using them makes learning much easier. Microbial contamination of electronic devices and inanimate surface of electronic equipment at INES-Ruhengeri can have a significant role for transmission of pathogenic bacteria.
Aim: The aim of this study was to isolate and identify bacteria from electronic devices used by students and staffs at INES-Ruhengeri University.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was done on 40 electronic devices such as computers, microscopes, global positioning system (GPS) and total stations A random sampling method was applied from sterile swab soaked in peptone water solution by the technique of bearing on the surface of the entire devices and then placed in a transport medium. Collected samples were then taken in INES-Ruhengeri Microbiology laboratory for further experiments.
Results: All 40 electronic devices were contaminated with bacteria. The most predominant bacteria isolated from electronic devices was S.aureus (25.9%) followed by Bacillus spp(24.1%), K.pneumonia(12.9%), S.epidermis(12.9%), Micrococcus spp(7.4%), P.aeruginosa(5.5%), E.coli(3.3%), Salmonella spp(3.3%) and Shigella spp(3.3%). Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of selected antibiotics was performed. Norfloxin was the most sensitive antibiotic on all isolated bacteria. Chloramphenicol antibiotic shown no activity over any of the isolated bacteria, to imply that all bacteria had resistance on it.
Conclusion: This study shown that there is bacterial contamination to all devices and antibiotic susceptibility test shown that some antibiotics were sensitive and resistant to the isolated bacteria.
Comparative study of Candidiasis among Single and Married women at Rwanda Military Hospital
Authors: Jean Chrysostome UWIHANGANYE , ALAIN PRUDENCE ISHIMWE , Innocent NZABANTERURA , Jean Pierre UWIZEYIMANA , Ezechiel BIZIMANA , Fabrice UWUMUREMYI , Julienne MUKANDAYISHIMIYE , Jean de Dieu Ndayambaje , Pacifique MARINDE 
Published: June 2024

Background: Genital tract is the portal of entry for numerous sexually and non-sexually trans­mitted diseases. A number of bacterial and non-bacterial infections exist that affect the female reproductive tract and cause vaginal discharge. Candida species are among im­portant opportunistic pathogens causing candidiasis in human worldwide. These yeast species are of public health concern nowadays.
Aim: This study aimed at comparing the prevalence of candidiasis among single and married women attending Rwanda Mili­tary Hospital. The study population comprises of single and married women.
Methodology: This was a retrospective study where data was collected from Rwanda Military Hospital.
Results: The re­sults of this study showed that the incidence of candidiasis was higher in married women when compared with single women. The prevalence of candidiasis in married women was 128(74.4%), while in single women is 44(25.6%). It was observed in this study that the distribution of candidiasis among married and single is statistically sig­nificant (p<0.05). Results also show that out of 172 single and married women, more cases of candidiasis were observed within the age range of 21-30 years, 66 (44.2%) were infected with candida albicans, 31-40 years had a prevalence of 55(32%) and 11-20 years had a prevalence of 13(7.6%). The overall of cases of candida other than C. albicans observed was 15.1%.
Conclusion: This study showed that married and single women are predisposed to candidiasis. It is therefore important to give opportunistic pathogens like Candida species attention in women especially among married ones as they are mostly affected by this candidiasis.
Keywords: Candidiasis, C. albicans, Vaginal discharge, Urinary tract infection, bacterial vaginosis, aerobic vaginitis.
Ajan poluilla
Authors: Huumo Tuomas 
Published: June 2024

Tässä kirjoituksessa tarkastellaan väyläadpositioiden (esimerkiksi läpi, yli, halki, pitkin) käyttöpotentiaalia ajallista liikettä kuvaavissa metaforisissa ilmauksissa. Näkökulma ei ole yksittäisten adpositioiden semantiikassa vaan erilaisten spatiaalisten ja ajallisten väylätyyppien kirjossa ja niiden vastaavuuksissa. Artikkelissa pohditaan, millaisiin spatiaalisiin väylätyyppeihin metaforiset aikaväylät voidaan rinnastaa ja miten tämä riippuu kulloinkin väylään suhteutettavan muuttujan (eli väylällä liikkuvan tai sijaitsevan entiteetin) luonteesta. Tarkastelu on teorialähtöistä, ja sen pohjana ovat aiemman fennistisen kirjallisuuden erottamat spatiaaliset väylätyypit. Aikaväyläilmauksissa vaihtelee se, liikkuuko muuttuja aikaväylällä (Heikki sinnitteli talven läpi; muuttuja lihavoitu), kasvaako muuttujan ala väylällä vaiheittain (Sairauslomaani jatkettiin viikonlopun yli) vai esitetäänkö muuttujan sijaitsevan väylällä pysyvästi (Kesäaikajakso ulottuu pitkälle syyskuun ohi). Muuttuja voi olla konkreettinen olento (Heikki), mutta tyypillisemmin se on ajallinen entiteetti, kuten tilanteen ajallinen ulottuvuus (Kevättä pitkin ilma lämpenee) tai kokonaisuudeksi ymmärretty ajanjakso (Opetusperiodi jatkuu pääsiäisen yli). Kieliopin näkökulmasta kiinnostavaa on, hahmottuuko muuttujaksi yksi tarkoite vai koko verbin kuvaama tilanne kaikkine osallistujineen. Jälkimmäisessä tapauksessa väyläilmaus saa myös aspektuaalisia, tilanteen keston ilmaisemiseen liittyviä tehtäviä.

Paths of time: how path expressions designate motion in space and in time
This article examines the usage potential of Finnish path adpositions (such as läpi ‘through’, yli ‘over’, halki ‘across’, pitkin ‘along’) in metaphorical expressions of temporal motion. The focus is not on the semantics of individual adpositions but on the range of different spatial and temporal path types and their correspondences: are there temporal counterparts for all types of spatial paths? The analysis is theory-driven, and it takes as its starting point an earlier typology of spatial path expressions. In the typology, the main variable is whether the Figure (the entity whose location is in question) moves along the path as a whole, grows along the path until it fulfils the path completely, or merely remains stationary and fulfils the path continuously. The conceptual type of the Figure varies accordingly: it can be an individual in metaphorical motion (‘We went through a hard winter’), an extended period of time (‘The spring semester goes on past Easter’), or the temporal profile of a process (‘I slept through the afternoon’). The nature of the Figure and its relationship to the path correlate with the grammatical function of the path expression, which alternates between a complement of a motion verb and a free modifier.
Formulate an Adaptive Technique to Validate Near Field Communication Technology using Attributed Graph Grammar-AGG tool
Authors: Aldriwish Khalid 
Published: June 2024

Recently, developments in such Near field Communication Technology (NFC) and associated integrated devices have pace out an acceleration the demand of transactions in electronic devices system such wearable readers which have short-power consumption and proficiency in high transferring data. NFC has showed the alternative active key solution to existing smart electronic devices that depend on huge batteries to supply the energy in paying bills though such devices. NFC widely utilized via wireless power transfer, where devices share and connect with each other, to increase the efficiency of transferring data, with high superb properties such as permeability. NFC has emerged as a powerful technology and its apparatus devices. The ongoing of NFC growth could be related to its extensibility and more sustainable. NFC can deliver different shapes at providing software application capabilities to connect with each other. NFCs demonstrates an adaptable method to enhance and offer current elements accessible to applications across the Internet. NFCs are a new fad and modern technology that shares embedded and ubiquitous devices with others, various corporations are finding the advantage by the NFC. This research will propose a formulation technique to explore and adapt an approach of developing and validating the NFC which permits to exchange data via technology wireless (NFC) between the parties. This technique will facilitate the feasibility of having e.g., a system to reduce of losing duration time and cost for users, as well as, an agile technique for validating the suggested approach via Attributed Graph Grammar (AGG) tools.
The Relationship Between the Formation of Study Groups and Student Learning Independence
Authors: Zahra Alvina 
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the “Relationship Between The Formation Of Study Groups And Student Learning Independence. This research uses a quantitative approach with the correlation method. In this study, the sample was 70 students in class XI IPS SMA Negeri 8 Medan. The data collection technique used in this research was a questionnaire using a Likert scale. The validity of the instrument is obtained using the product moment correlation formula, while the reliability of the instrument is obtained using the Cronbach's Alpha formula. Data were analyzed using Product Moment Correlation Statistics to test the hypotheses in the research with the help of SPSS 29 for Windows. The analysis results show r = 0.541 and Rsquare = 0.321 and a significant value of 0.001 (p<0.05). Based on the results of this research, the research hypothesis "there is a relationship between the formation of learning groups and learning independence" is put forward. Considering that this relationship is positive at .541, it can be stated that the formation of study groups is related to student learning independence in class XI PS SMA Negeri 8 Medan.
Biodiversity assessment of segetal flora, earthworms and terrestrial invertebrates in various agricultural production systems and crops
Authors: Harasim Elżbieta , Feledyn-Szewczyk Beata 
Published: June 2024

The functioning of societies depends on a number of goods and services provided by the natural environment. Knowledge about the benefits that humans derive from it is an important issue in the era of current environmental and climate changes. Agricultural systems and management methods (e.g. tillage, weed and pest control, fertilization, field consolidation, crop specialization and monoculture) are important for biodiversity, the presence of which is of great importance for people and the environment. The aim of this study was to assess bioenvironmental indicators such as weed flora, earthworms and terrestrial invertebrates biomass, in selected crops in an organic, integrated and conventional farming systems in southern Poland.
The results showed the highest biodiversity weeds, earthworms, and terrestrial invertebrates in crops grown in the organic system in comparison to the conventional or sustainable ones, where chemical herbicides were applied. Species diversity of weeds was, on average, twice as high in the organic system (21 species) compared to the integrated and conventional systems (10–11 species). In the organic system, the highest number of weeds (average 71 pcs m–2) accompanied spring wheat and the lowest number of weeds was observed in legume-grass mixture in the first year of use (average 28 pcs m–2). The highest biomass of earthworms in the soil was estimated under winter wheat and legume-grass mixtures. This indicator was half as much in the soil under plants grown in integrated and conventional systems. Terrestrial invertebrates were also most abundant in crops grown in the organic system, indicating that this agricultural production system is conducive to maintaining high biodiversity in agroecosystems. For winter wheat cultivated in the conventional and integrated systems, the invertebrate richness index was 2.5–3 times lower than in the organic system.
Effect of six weeks of CrossFit training on blood lipid profile and atherogenic index of plasma in young healthy men: A pilot study
Authors: Domaszewski Przemysław , Konieczny Mariusz , Skorupska Elżbieta , Ozner Dariusz , Sadowska-Krępa Ewa 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Study aim: The aim of our study was to determine whether six weeks of CrossFit training, a popular form of high-intensity training, improves the atherogenic index of plasma and blood lipid profile indicators in young healthy men.

Material and methods: Twenty-nine young, normolipidemic men (age 23.3 ± 2.4 years, height 181 ± 6.2 cm, BMI 24.4 ± 1.7) participated in a six-week CrossFit program. Total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), autoantibodies against oxidized LDL (oLAB), and triglycerides (TG) were determined before and after completion of 6 weeks of CrossFit training, before, 3 minutes, and 60 minutes after the VO2max cycling test to exhaustion. Based on lipids, the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and the ratios TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, and TG/HDL-C were calculated.

Results: A statistically significant main effect was found for the measures TG and HDL-C for the predictor variable TIME (p = 0.04 and p = 0.02, respectively). No significant main effect was found for the predictor variable TRIAL or the TRIAL × TIME interaction.

Conclusions: The statistically significant changes observed after cycling to exhaustion confirm that intense physical exercise affects lipid metabolism. Six weeks of CrossFit training had no effect on the statistically significant changes in plasma lipid profile and AIP in young healthy men.
The effect of preoperative fasting on the water sectors of the body in the perioperative period in children
Authors: Aleksandrovich Yu. S. , Pshenisnov K. V. , Shorakhmedov Sh. Sh. , Tihova G. P. 
Published: June 2024

Introduction. Avoiding solid foods and liquids before surgery is a common practice in elective surgery in pediatric, however, there is a risk of dehydration.The objective was to assess the distribution of fluid across the water sectors of the body in children according to the duration of refusal of food and liquids before elective surgery.Materials and methods. A single-center prospective cohort study. 104 children were examined, the average age was 12.5 ± 3.7 years. Depending on the age, patients were divided into three groups: group I: 3–7 years old, group II: 7–12 years old and group III: 12–18 years old. In each group, taking into account the duration of preoperative refusal of food and fluid, there were two subgroups: subgroup I – less than 12 hours; subgroup II – more than 12 hours. The average fasting time was 13.3 ± 2.7 hours. The condition of the water sectors of the body was assessed 30 minutes before surgery, 30 minutes and 24 hours after surgery.Results. Before the operation, the distribution of fluid across the water sectors in groups I and II, depending on the duration of fasting, did not differ; in group III, when fasting for more than 12 hours, all indicators were significantly lower. 30 minutes and 24 hours after the intervention, an increase in the volume of total water and extracellular fluid was observed, however, significant changes were only in group III (p < 0.05). In group III, when fasting for more than 12 hours before surgery, lower systolic BP values were observed (p < 0.05).Conclusion. The duration of preoperative refusal of solid food and liquids in the range of 12–15 hours does not adversely affect the indicators of water metabolism and is not associated with arterial hypotension during the induction of anesthesia.
The influence of nitric oxide delivery on the processes of apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis in the renal parenchyma after simulating cardiopulmonary bypass: an experimental study
Authors: Tyo M. A. , Kamenshchikov N. O. , Podoksenov Yu. K. , Mukhomedzyanov A. V. , Maslov L. N. , Kravchenko I. V. , Churilina E. A. , Kozlov B. N. 
Published: June 2024

The objective was to study the effect of the delivery of exogenous nitric oxide on the severity of apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis of the renal parenchyma after simulating cardiopulmonary bypass and cardiopulmonary bypass with circulatory arrest.Materials and Methods. 24 Altai breed rams were randomized into 4 equal groups. In the CPB and CPB+NO groups, we simulated cardiopulmonary bypass without circulatory arrest. In the CPB+CA and CPB+CA+NO groups, we simulated cardiopulmonary bypass with circulatory arrest. In the CPB+NO, CPB+CA+NO groups, NO was given perioperative in concentration of 80 ppm. In the CPB, CPB+CA groups, we supplied a standard oxygen-air mixture without NO.Results. In the CPB+CA+NO group, the TNF-α concentration was statistically significantly lower: 899 [739; 1019] ng/g compared to the CPB+CA group 1716 [1284; 2201] ng/g, p = 0.026. The remaining markers of programmed cell death did not differ between groups.Conclusions. Perioperative nitric oxide delivery reduces the expression of the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis of renal parenchyma cells in simulating operations with artificial circulation and circulatory arrest. Perioperative nitric oxide delivery at a dose of 80 ppm does not increase the processes of apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis in renal parenchyma.