bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GAP43 phosphorylation is critical for growth and branching of retinotectal arbors in zebrafish
Authors: Leu Byunghee , Koch Eric , Schmidt John T. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractVisual activity acts via NMDA Receptors to refine developing retinotectal maps by shaping retinal arbors. Retinal axons add and delete transient branches, and the dynamic rates increase when MK801 blocks NMDARs, as if this prevents release of a stabilizing signal. Ca++ entry through NMDARs activates phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) to release arachidonic acid (AA), which taps into a presynaptic growth control mechanism. NCAM, L1, N‐cadherin, and FGF all stimulate axon growth via AA activation of protein kinase C to phosphorylate GAP43 and polymerize/stabilize F‐actin. Our previous results show that blocking cPLA2 mimics NMDAR blockers, whereas exogenous AA reverses the increased dynamics, and PKC inhibitors also arrest growth. To test whether this activity‐driven F‐actin control mechanism shapes retinotectal arbors in zebrafish, we used the alpha‐1‐tubulin promoter to express GAP43‐GFP fusion proteins in retinal ganglion cells, and imaged arbors in time‐lapse to test for effects of GAP43 levels and its phosphorylation. Overexpressing wildtype GAP43 gave faster growth and larger arbors (#branches, spatial extent, total length of branches) at three days and especially four days. Surprisingly, the N‐terminal 20 amino acid segment alone caused the same increase in branching, but no increase in growth. Earlier studies implicate this region in activating Go resulting in collapse of growth cones, which is now known to precede branch initiation. In contrast, GAP43 with ser41 mutated to ala (S41A) to prevent phosphorylation did not increase either branching or growth but resulted in immature, elongated arbors even at four to five days. In support of this atrophic effect, only half of brain/spinal neurons expressing S41A successfully initiated axonal outgrowth (vs. nearly 100% for wtGAP43). These results suggest that the region around the ser41 phosphorylation site, which binds CaM and PIP2, promotes growth only when phosphorylated, and also activates the branching control region in the first 10–20 amino acids. Whereas phosphorylation introduces a bulky negative charge group, mutation of serine to arginine introduces a bulky positive charge. But this also produced the same growth and branching as phosphorylation, suggesting that the effect of phosphorylation is through hydrophilic bulk rather than negative charge, in agreement with other IQ motifs. The results implicate the cPLA2‐AA‐PKC‐GAP43 pathway as part of an F‐actin based mechanism that both stabilizes new synapses and initiates new branches near effective synapses. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 70: 897–911, 2010
The in situ dynamics of dendritic cell interactions
Authors: Kastenmüller Wolfgang , Gerner Michael Y. , Germain Ronald N. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDC regulate T‐cell function by promoting either tolerance or activation, and in the latter case, by directing the quality of the ensuing response. New imaging tools now permit direct visualization of the relevant DC–T‐cell interactions in vivo and have provided a new perspective on the dynamics of these crucial cellular contacts. In this Viewpoint, we discuss the insights generated by direct visualization of DC–T‐cell interactions and the controversies/unanswered questions that need to be addressed in future work.
From skin dendritic cells to a simplified classification of human and mouse dendritic cell subsets
Authors: Guilliams Martin , Henri Sandrine , Tamoutounour Samira , Ardouin Laurence , Schwartz‐Cornil Isabelle , Dalod Marc , Malissen Bernard 
Published: July 2010

AbstractRecent studies have identified several DC subsets within the mouse skin and showed that functional specialization exists among them. This Viewpoint summarizes recent data on functional specialization of skin DC subsets and integrates this knowledge into a unifying DC classification that emphasizes the similarities between the DC subsets found in both lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues of several mammalian species.
Weinreb Amide Based Building Blocks for Convenient Access to Analogues of Phenstatin
Authors: Sivaraman Balasubramaniam , Aidhen Indrapal Singh 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBifunctional synthetic equivalents containing a Weinreb amide as one of the functionalities have been synthesized from commercially availableo‐,m‐, andp‐toluic acid. These bifunctional building blocks enabled efficient C–C bond formation through Wittig reaction with simple and functionalized aldehydes on one hand and a clean nucleophilic addition of 3,4,5‐trimethoxy phenylmagnesium bromide onto the Weinreb amide functionality on the other hand, thereby paving way for an efficient and convenient synthesis of novel analogues of phenstatin with highly functionalized appendages. Further addition of various aryl or heteroarylmagnesium bromides onto the Weinreb amide functionality provided a general strategy for synthesizing unsymmetrical diaryl ketones conjugated to a monosaccharide moiety for the first time.
Red and romantic behavior in men viewing women
Authors: Niesta Kayser Daniela , Elliot Andrew J. , Feltman Roger 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn many non‐human primate species, a display of red by a female increases attraction behavior in male conspecifics. In two experiments, we investigate an analogous effect in humans, specifically, whether red on a woman's shirt increases attraction behavior in men. In Experiment 1, men who viewed an ostensible conversation partner in a red versus a green shirt chose to ask her more intimate questions. In Experiment 2, men who viewed an ostensible interaction partner in a red versus a blue shirt chose to sit closer to her. These effects were observed across participants' perceptions of their own attractiveness (Experiment 1) and general activation and mood (Experiment 2). Our findings suggest that red acts as a basic, non‐lexical prime, influencing reproduction‐relevant behavior in like manner across species. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Viewing time through the lens of the self: The fit effect of self‐construal and temporal distance on task perception
Authors: Lee Sujin , Lee Angela Y. , Kern Mary C. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis paper describes how different self‐construals influence people's perception of temporal distance and in turn their task evaluation. We hypothesize that people with a more accessible interdependent (vs. independent) self‐construal perceive future events as temporally more proximal, and that people's reaction toward a task is intensified when the temporal distance to the task matches (vs. mismatches) their self‐construal. Across four studies, we showed that individuals with a more accessible interdependent self‐construal (Study 1) and East Asians (Study 2) perceived future events as more proximal than those with a more accessible independent self‐construal and European Americans. Further, when considering a task at a temporal distance that fits their self‐construal, individuals perceived a pleasant task as more motivating (Study 3) and an unpleasant task as less motivating (Study 4).
The future is something which everyone reaches at the rate of 60 minutes an hour, whatever he does, whoever he is.

C. S. Lewis

Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effectiveness of group music intervention against agitated behavior in elderly persons with dementia
Authors: Lin Yu , Chu Hsin , Yang Chyn‐Yng , Chen Chiung‐Hua , Chen Shyi‐Gen , Chang Hsiu‐Ju , Hsieh Chia‐Jung , Chou Kuei‐Ru 
Published: July 2010

AbstractObjectivesThis study explored the effectiveness of group music intervention against agitated behavior in elderly persons with dementia.MethodsThis was an experimental study using repeated measurements. Subjects were elderly persons who suffered from dementia and resided in nursing facilities. In total, 104 participants were recruited by permuted block randomization and of the 100 subjects who completed this study, 49 were in the experimental group and 51 were in the control group. The experimental group received a total of twelve 30‐min group music intervention sessions, conducted twice a week for six consecutive weeks, while the control group participated in normal daily activities. In order to measure the effectiveness of the therapeutic sessions, assessments were conducted before the intervention, at the 6th and 12th group sessions, and at 1 month after cessation of the intervention. Longitudinal effects were analyzed by means of generalized estimating equations (GEEs).ResultsAfter the group music therapy intervention, the experimental group showed better performance at the 6th and 12th sessions, and at 1 month after cessation of the intervention based on reductions in agitated behavior in general, physically non‐aggressive behavior, verbally non‐aggressive behavior, and physically aggressive behavior, while a reduction in verbally aggressive behavior was shown only at the 6th session.ConclusionsGroup music intervention alleviated agitated behavior in elderly persons with dementia. We suggest that nursing facilities for demented elderly persons incorporate group music intervention in routine activities in order to enhance emotional relaxation, create inter‐personal interactions, and reduce future agitated behaviors. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spatial cross‐correlation patterns of European low, mean and high flows
Authors: Gudmundsson Lukas , Tallaksen Lena M. , Stahl Kerstin 
Published: July 2010

AbstractLow and high flows are associated with different hydrological processes. High flows correspond to the direct response of catchments to water input, whereas low flows occur in pronged dry periods and are governed by depleting storages. Therefore, the inter‐annual dynamics of high and low flows are often considered to be independent. To shed light on this assumption, we analysed a pan‐European dataset of 615 streamflow records, summarized as time series of annual streamflow percentiles (5th, 10th, …, 95th). The analysis was based on comparing the spatial cross‐correlation patterns derived from the different percentile series. Their interrelation was visualized by projecting them into a low‐dimensional space. We found that large parts of the cross‐correlations of the percentile series can be summarized by one dominating component. This component represents geographical continuous regions in Europe of correlated streamflow. Departures from this mean pattern occurred for low and high flows and were characterized by the corresponding spatial correlation functions. Generally, spatial correlations appear to be stronger for high flows than for mean flows, particularly for short distances (<400 km). Low flows, on the other hand, have the lowest spatial correlations for short distances. For longer distances (>800 km), this pattern reverses and the spatial correlation of low flows become largest. This discrepancy between low and high flows suggests that hydrological systems are more homogeneously linked to climatic fluctuations under wet conditions. Under dry conditions, local catchment properties appear to play a larger role in translating climatic fluctuations into hydrological response. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of an inter‐basin water transfer and reservoir operation on a karst open streamflow hydrological regime: an example from the Dinaric karst (Croatia)
Authors: Bonacci Ognjen , Andrić Ivo 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis paper describes the hydrological changes caused by inter‐basin water transfer and the reservoir development on the hydrological regimes of two rivers. The Sabljaki Reservoir in the Zagorska Mrežnica River and the Bukovik Reservoir in the upper Dobra River began operation in 1959. Both are part of the hydroelectric power plant (HEPP) Gojak, whose installed capacity is 50 m3/s. Their water volumes at the spillway altitudes of 320·10 and 320·15 m a. s. l. are 3·3 × 106 and 0·24 × 106 m3 respectively. Both the Dobra and Mrežnica Rivers are losing, sinking and underground karst rivers. A 9376‐m‐long tunnel provides water from the Sabljaki Reservoir to the HEPP Gojak, which was constructed in the Lower Dobra River. The Sabljaki Reservoir is located in the Plaški karst polje, while the Bukovik Reservoir is located in the neighbouring Ogulin karst polje. The consequences of the inter‐basin water transfer are strong and have caused abrupt changes in the hydrological regimes of the downstream sections of both rivers. At the same time, the construction and development of both the reservoirs have also caused hydrological changes to the upstream section of the Upper Dobra River. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Indomethacin promotes adipogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells through a cyclooxygenase independent mechanism
Authors: Styner Maya , Sen Buer , Xie Zhihui , Case Natasha , Rubin Janet 
Published: July 2010

AbstractRegulation of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) lineage selection is important for the generation of bone mass. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX2) may increase adipogenesis at the cost of decreasing osteoprogenitor output. Here we investigated the role of COX2 and its products during MSC differentiation. Indomethacin stimulated adipogenesis (increased aP2, adiponectin and lipid droplets) of CH310T1/2 stem cells as well as marrow‐derived MSCs to a degree similar to the PPARγ2 ligand, rosiglitazone. Unlike rosiglitazone, indomethacin significantly upregulated PPARγ2 expression. Indomethacin and the COX2 specific inhibitor celecoxib suppressed PGE2 production, but celecoxib did not induce adipogenesis. As well, addition of PGE2 failed to reverse indomethacin induced adipogenesis, indicating that indomethacin's effects were prostaglandin independent. In MSCs over‐expressing PPARγ2 and RXRα, indomethacin did not increase PPAR‐induced transcription, while rosiglitazone and 15d‐PGJ2 did (1.7‐ and 1.3‐fold, respectively, P < 0.001). We considered whether indomethacin might directly affect C/EBPβ proximally to PPARγ2 induction. Indomethacin significantly increased C/EBPβ expression and protein within 24 h of addition. These results indicate that indomethacin promotes adipogenesis by increasing C/EBPβ and PPARγ2 expression in a prostaglandin‐independent fashion. This effect of indomethacin is pertinent to potential deleterious effects of this commonly used anti‐inflammatory drug on bone remodeling and tissue healing. J. Cell. Biochem. 111: 1042–1050, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
New results on GDDs, covering, packing and directable designs with block size 5
Authors: Abel R. Julian R. , Assaf Ahmed M. , Bluskov Iliya , Greig Malcolm , Shalaby Nabil 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis article looks at (5,λ) GDDs and (v,5,λ) pair packing and pair covering designs. For packing designs, we solve the (4t,5,3) class with two possible exceptions, solve 16 open cases with λ odd, and improve the maximum number of blocks in some (v, 5, λ) packings when v small (here, the Schönheim bound is not always attainable). When λ=1, we construct v=432 and improve the spectrum for v=14, 18 (mod 20). We also extend one of Hanani's conditions under which the Schönheim bound cannot be achieved (this extension affects (20t+9,5,1), (20t+17,5,1) and (20t+13,5,3)) packings. For covering designs we find the covering numbers C(280,5,1), C(44,5,17) and C(44,5,λ) with λ=13 (mod 20). We also know that the covering number, C(v, 5, 2), exceeds the Schönheim bound by 1 for v=9, 13 and 15. For GDDs of type gn, we have one new design of type 309 when λ=1, and three new designs for λ=2, namely, types g15 with g∈{13, 17, 19}. If λ is even and a (5, λ) GDD of type gu is known, then we also have a directable (5,λ) GDD of type gu. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 18:337–368, 2010
Akt/protein kinase B in skeletal muscle physiology and pathology
Authors: Wu Miaozong , Falasca Marco , Blough Eric R. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe Akt/protein kinase B is critical regulator of cellular homeostasis with diminished Akt activity being associated with dysregulation of cellular metabolism and cell death while Akt over‐activation has been linked to inappropriate cell growth and proliferation. Although the regulation of Akt function has been well characterized in vitro, much less is known regarding the function of Akt in vivo. Here we examine how skeletal muscle Akt expression and enzymatic activity are controlled, the role of Akt in the regulation of skeletal muscle contraction, stress response glucose utilization, and protein metabolism, and the potential participation of this important molecule in skeletal muscle atrophy, aging, and cancer. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 29–36, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Production of geranyl propionate by enzymatic esterification of geraniol and propionic acid in solvent‐free system
Authors: Paroul Natália , Grzegozeski Luana Paula , Chiaradia Viviane , Treichel Helen , Cansian Rogério L. , Oliveira J. Vladimir , de Oliveira Débora 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackground: This work reports the optimization of geranyl propionate production by esterification of geraniol and propionic acid in a solvent‐free system using a commercial lipase as catalyst. For this purpose, a sequential strategy was performed applying two experimental designs.Results: The operating conditions that optimized geranyl propionate production were determined to be 40 °C, geraniol to propionic acid molar ratio of 3:1, 150 rpm and 10 wt% of enzyme, with a resulting reaction conversion of about 93%. After determining the optimum reaction parameters, a kinetic study was carried out evaluating the influence of substrates molar ratio, enzyme concentration and temperature on reaction conversion. Results obtained in this step allow one to conclude that an excess of alcohol (acid to alcohol molar ratio of 1:6), relatively low enzyme concentration (5 wt%), temperature of 40 °C and substrates molar ratio of 1:1 afforded nearly complete reaction conversion after 30 min of reaction.Conclusion: New experimental data on enzymatic esterification of geraniol and propionic acid for geranyl propionate production are reported in this work, showing a promising perspective of the technique to overcome the well‐known drawbacks of the chemical‐catalyzed route. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Analysis of green kiwi fruit (Actinidia deliciosa cv. Hayward) proteinases by two‐dimensional zymography and direct identification of zymographic spots by mass spectrometry
Authors: Larocca Marilena , Rossano Rocco , Riccio Paolo 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Proteinases present in kiwi fruits are potentially allergenic enzymes belonging to the papain family of cysteine proteinases. Actinidin is a prominent kiwi enzyme. The study of kiwi proteinases is important for the follow‐up of fruit maturation, a deeper insight in the allergenic properties of individual proteins, and the application of kiwi proteinases for meat tenderisation and other industrial purposes.RESULTS: Kiwi crude extracts were analysed by two‐dimensional zymography on gelatin‐containing gels. The digestion by the reactivated proteolytic enzymes after electrophoresis resulted in insights into kiwi proteinases. A mixture of several enzyme isotypes with the same pI but different molecular mass was observed. Clear spots, corresponding to the proteolytic activities, were excised, digested with trypsin, and submitted to MALDI‐ToF mass spectrometry for protein identification. The most representative enzyme was actinidin.CONCLUSIONS: The innovative achievements of the present study are the: (1) two‐dimensional zymographic map of kiwi gelatinases without the need for extensive purification; and (2) direct identification of proteinase isotypes by means of direct MALDI‐ToF MS analysis of the zymographic spots. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Revision frontal sinusotomy using stepwise balloon dilation and powered instrumentation
Authors: Bhandarkar Naveen D. , Smith Timothy L. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To report a novel approach toward revision frontal sinusotomy using a technique of balloon dilation followed by the use of powered instrumentation.Study Design:Case report.Methods:The frontal sinus outflow tract location was first confirmed with image guidance and then dilated with a balloon to address the soft tissue stenosis. Subsequently, the drill was introduced to accomplish a Draf 2B frontal sinusotomy.Results:An advantage of initial balloon dilation of the frontal sinus outflow tract was to quickly address the soft tissue stenosis with minimal tissue trauma and therefore less bleeding. This subsequently enabled insertion and clear visualization of the entire drill bit within the inferior aspect of the frontal outflow tract. The increased visualization makes other instrumentation safer as well, and avoids relatively blind removal of scar tissue that could result in inadvertent entry into the orbit or skull base.Conclusions:We describe the utility of the balloon as a tool for revision frontal sinusotomy to efficiently and safely allow subsequent instrumentation of the frontal outflow tract with larger more aggressive instruments, such as the drill. We have found this to be a safe and effective technique provided proper preoperative patient selection and assessment for limiting factors. Laryngoscope, 2010
Prevalence and risk factors of Parkinson's disease in retired Thai traditional boxers
Authors: Lolekha Praween , Phanthumchinda Kammant , Bhidayasiri Roongroj 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBoxing is often believed to be a frequent cause for parkinsonism caused by chronic repetitive head injury, with Muhammad Ali frequently cited as an example. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) in retired Thai traditional boxers. Two standardized screening questionnaires were sent to all registered Thai traditional boxers. Subjects who screened positive for parkinsonism were invited for clinical examinations by two independent neurologists. Among 704 boxers (70%) who completed the questionnaires, 8 boxers (1.14%) had parkinsonism: 5 with PD, 1 with progressive supranuclear palsy and 2 with vascular parkinsonism. Boxers with PD were found to have an older mean age than those without PD (P = 0.003). The analysis of probable risk factors disclosed an association between the number of professional bouts (>100 times) and PD (P = 0.01). The crude prevalence of PD in Thai boxers was 0.71% (95% CI: 0.09–1.33), with a significant increase with age. The prevalence rate of PD in those aged 50 and above was 0.17% (95% CI: 0.15–0.20), age‐adjusted to the USA 1970 census, which is comparable to that of the general populations. The analysis determined that the number of professional bouts is a risk factor among these boxers, supporting the notion that repetitive head trauma may pose an additional risk to certain individuals who are already susceptible to PD. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society