bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical Education Teacher in Chile: Relationship work to society
Authors: Cornejo Améstica Miguel , Matus Castillo Carlos , Reyes Galdames Cristian 
Published: October 2009

Résumé La présente analyse a pour objectif d’exposer les caractéristiques et les conditions de la formation et du développement du travail du professeur d’éducation physique au Chili à partir des années 1980. Il s’agira de voir comment ces conditions sont engendrées, et de décrire ainsi les caractéristiques principales du processus d’insertion professionnelle et les conditions de travail des professeurs d’éducation physique issus de différentes universités chiliennes (publiques et privées), pour finalement établir la structure actuelle du marché du travail sportif pour ces professionnels. À travers cette étude, nous avons pu établir des conclusions, comme le fait par exemple qu’il existe une pertinence et une évaluation adéquate en ce qui concerne le curriculum et les activités réalisées par les professionnels dans leurs travaux ; ou bien le fait que le premier emploi est acquis dans un laps de temps très court, mais avec des conditions de travail différentes, lesquelles ont tendance à se stabiliser et à se consolider avec le temps.
Contraception et avortement dans Marie-Claire (1955-1975) : de la méthode des températures à la méthode Karman
Authors: Pavard Bibia 
Published: October 2009

Résumé Marie-Claire , magazine féminin de masse, est le lieu privilégié de l’observation de l’acceptation et de la diffusion progressive d’idées nouvelles en matière de contraception et d’avortement entre 1955 et 1975, en France. Peu enclin, a priori , à traiter de ces questions du fait de sa ligne éditoriale traditionnelle et imprégnée de culture catholique, il aborde pourtant dès 1956 le « grave problème du contrôle des naissances ». Entre convictions personnelles des journalistes, force des mouvements sociaux et enjeu commercial du magazine, une stratégie de légitimation du changement est mise en place.
Culture et médias : quelles approches aujourd'hui ?
Authors: Martin Laurent 
Published: October 2009

Résumé Le tournant culturel emprunté par les sciences sociales depuis trente ou quarante ans correspond et répond partiellement à l’urgence nouvelle des questions culturelles dans nos sociétés. Au-delà de la demande sociale, cet article se propose d’examiner les rapports entre des disciplines faisant de la culture et des médias leur terrain d’enquête : histoire et sociologie culturelles, cultural studies , sciences de l’information et de la communication. Il propose également en conclusion un programme de recherche autour d’un objet où peuvent se rencontrer ces diverses approches : l’histoire de la pornographie.
Philanthropes et féministes dans le monde réformateur (1890-1910)
Authors: Battagliola Françoise 
Published: October 2009

Résumé Le milieu réformateur, qui se constitue dans les dernières décennies du xix e siècle, s’écarte de la charité traditionnelle en proposant une rationalisation de l’action sociale dans laquelle savoirs et façons de faire vont de pair. Cette période apparaît aussi comme l’âge d’or des mouvements féministes. D’importants travaux ont été publiés en France sur ce milieu, mais les études en terme de genre sont encore peu nombreuses. C’est dans cette perspective que se situe cet article en s’intéressant à la place des femmes dans ce milieu et aux rapports entre les sexes qui s’y déploient. Il examine également les relations entre les positions sociales des femmes et leurs engagements dans les institutions philanthropiques et féministes et les enjeux que représentent ces investissements selon l’univers des possibles ouverts aux femmes de différentes catégories sociales. Cette recherche s’appuie sur des données recueillies dans les archives sur des associations, cercles ou congrès (le plus souvent mixtes) et sur des renseignements biographiques concernant les acteurs et actrices. Elle conjugue des méthodes qualitatives, comme les études de cas et quantitatives : analyses de réseau et biographies collectives.
Ethnic differences in anemia among patients with diabetes mellitus: The Diabetes Study of Northern California (DISTANCE)
Authors: Ahmed Ameena T. , Go Alan S. , Warton E. Margaret , Parker Melissa M. , Karter Andrew J. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractTo examine ethnic differences in hemoglobin testing practices and to test the hypothesis that ethnicity is an independent predictor of anemia among patients with diabetes mellitus. We conducted a panel study to assess the rate of hemoglobin testing during 1999–2001 and the period prevalence and incidence of anemia among 79,985 adults with diabetes mellitus receiving care within Kaiser Permanente of Northern California. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin <13.0 g/dL in men or < 12.0 g/dL in women. Overall, 82.1% of the cohort was tested for anemia at least once during the 3‐year study period. Mixed ethnicity patients were most likely to be tested, followed by whites, blacks, Latinos, and Asians (P < 0.0001). Fifteen percent of the cohort had prevalent anemia at baseline, and an additional 22% of those tested developed anemia during the study period. Anemia was more prevalent among blacks and mixed ethnicity persons compared with other racial/ethnic groups. Anemia was also more prevalent among those ≥70 years of age or with estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1.73 m2. In multivariable models, blacks had higher and Asians had lower odds of prevalent anemia and hazard ratios of incident anemia compared with whites. Within a large, diverse cohort with diabetes, ethnicity was predictive of anemia, even after adjustment for age, level of kidney function, and other potential confounders. Blacks with diabetes are at increased risk of anemia relative to whites. These differences may account for some of the observed ethnic disparities in diabetes complications. Am. J. Hematol., 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cognition, reserve, and amyloid deposition in normal aging
Authors: Rentz Dorene M. , Locascio Joseph J. , Becker John A. , Moran Erin K. , Eng Elisha , Buckner Randy L. , Sperling Reisa A. , Johnson Keith A. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether amyloid deposition is associated with impaired neuropsychological (NP) performance and whether cognitive reserve (CR) modifies this association.MethodsIn 66 normal elderly controls and 17 patients with Alzheimer disease (AD), we related brain retention of Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB) to NP performance and evaluated the impact of CR using education and American National Adult Reading Test intelligence quotient as proposed proxies.ResultsWe found in the combined sample of subjects that PiB retention in the precuneus was inversely related to NP performance, especially in tests of memory function, but also in tests of working memory, semantic processing, language, and visuospatial perception. CR significantly modified the relationship, such that at progressively higher levels of CR, increased amyloid deposition was less or not at all associated with poorer neuropsychological performance. In a subsample of normal controls, both the main effect of amyloid deposition of worse memory performance and the interaction with CR were replicated using a particularly challenging memory test.InterpretationAmyloid deposition is associated with lower cognitive performance both in AD patients and in the normal elderly, but the association is modified by CR, suggesting that CR may be protective against amyloid‐related cognitive impairment. ANN NEUROL 2010;67:353–364
A 3‐year magnetic resonance imaging study of cortical lesions in relapse‐onset multiple sclerosis
Authors: Calabrese Massimiliano , Rocca Maria A. , Atzori Matteo , Mattisi Irene , Favaretto Alice , Perini Paola , Gallo Paolo , Filippi Massimo 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjectiveWe assessed the occurrence, extent, and frequency of formation of cortical lesions (CLs) in patients with relapsing‐remitting (RR) and secondary progressive (SP) multiple sclerosis (MS), and their relationship with cortical atrophy and disability progression.MethodsOne‐hundred seven MS patients (76 RRMS and 31 SPMS), enrolled in a prospective, longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study, were assessed clinically and by brain MRI (including a double inversion recovery sequence) 3 years after study initiation. CL number and volume, T2 white matter (WM) lesion volume, gray matter fraction, and expanded disability status scale (EDSS) were measured.ResultsAt baseline, CLs were detected in 64.4% of RRMS and 74.2% of SPMS patients. During follow‐up, 132 new CLs were found in 44 RRMS patients (57.9%; 0.8 new CL/patient/yr) and 61 in 15 SPMS patients (48.4%; 1.0 new CL/patient/yr). Among these patients, only 31 also showed at least 1 new WM lesion. CL number and volume increases were higher in the 52 patients with a clinical worsening compared with those without (p < 0.001). Baseline CL volume correlated with baseline EDSS (r = 0.36, p < 0.001) and EDSS changes over time (r = 0.51, p < 0.001). Baseline CL volume was an independent predictor of EDSS accumulation and GM volume change at follow‐up in both patient groups. In SPMS patients, baseline T2 WM lesion volume was another independent predictor of EDSS worsening.InterpretationIn relapse‐onset MS, CLs accumulate over time and are associated with disability progression. The quantification of CLs might represent an additional useful paraclinical tool to monitor MS evolution. ANN NEUROL 2010;67:376–383
Pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and effects on electrocardiographic parameters of oral fludarabine phosphate
Authors: Yin Wei , Karyagina Elena V. , Lundberg Ante S. , Greenblatt David J. , Lister‐James John 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and effects on electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters of fludarabine phosphate (2F‐ara‐AMP) were evaluated in adult patients with B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Patients received single doses of intravenous (IV) (25 mg/m2, n=14) or oral (40 mg/m2, n=42) 2F‐ara‐AMP. Plasma concentrations of drug and metabolites and digital 12‐lead ECGs were monitored for 23 h after dosing. The dephosphorylated product fludarabine (2F‐ara‐A) was the principal metabolite present in the systemic circulation. Mean (±SD) elimination half‐life did not differ significantly between IV and oral dosage groups (11.3±4.0 vs 9.7±2.0 h, p=0.053). Renal excretion was a major clearance pathway, along with transformation to a hypoxanthine metabolite 2F‐ara‐Hx. Estimated mean oral bioavailability of 2F‐ara‐A was 58%. Compared to the time‐matched drug‐free baseline Fridericia correction of the QT interval (QTcF), the mean QTcF change following 2F‐ara‐AMP did not differ from zero, and a treatment effect of >+10 and >+15 ms could be excluded following oral and IV 2F‐ara‐AMP, respectively. Similarly, heart rate, PR interval and QRS duration did not change following 2F‐ara‐AMP treatment. Thus the 25 mg/m2 IV and 40 mg/m2 oral doses of 2F‐ara‐AMP produce similar systemic exposure, and do not prolong QTcF, indicating low risk of drug induced Torsades de Pointes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Based on a review of the data, use of the term ‘cypridinid’ solves theCypridina/Varguladilemma for naming the constituents of the luminescent system of ostracods in the family Cypridinidae
Authors: Morin James G. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe luciferin of the ostracodVargula hilgendorfii(formerlyCypridina hilgendorfii) is often termedCypridinaluciferin in the scientific literature, but, to avoid ambiguity and based on a review of the literature, is best referred to by the more inclusive termcypridinid luciferin. This situation exemplifies how new knowledge in systematics and the resulting nomenclatural changes can result in evolutionary insights. Similar solutions can probably be applied to other taxonomic dilemmas. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Primacy effect or recency effect? A long‐term memory test of Super Bowl commercials
Authors: Li Cong 
Published: October 2009

Abstract

The serial position effects for television commercials were tested within a naturalistic setting in this study, at both the micro level and the macro level. Television viewers' brand memory (recall and recognition) for the 2006 Super Bowl commercials were analyzed. At the micro level, the serial position of each commercial in a same commercial pod was measured. When the length of a commercial pod was controlled for, an earlier position for a commercial generated better brand recall. When the number of preceding ads was held constant, a commercial in a pod with fewer ads generated better brand recognition. At the macro level, the serial position of each commercial pod within the whole Super Bowl game broadcast was measured. The commercial pods at earlier positions generated better brand memory. Both findings confirmed a strong primacy effect. Managerial implications of the findings were also discussed.

Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enoxaparin 0.3 mg/kg IV supplement for patients transitioning to PCI after subcutaneous enoxaparin therapy for NSTE ACS: A subgroup analysis from the SYNERGY trial
Authors: Cohen Marc , Levine Glenn N. , Pieper Karen S. , Lan Lan , Antman Elliott M. , Aylward Philip E. , White Harvey D. , Kleiman Neal S. , Califf Robert M. , Mahaffey Kenneth W. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjective: To explore clinical and bleeding outcomes in patients enrolled in the SYNERGY trial who had percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) based on adherence to the dosing regimens of enoxaparin mandated by the protocol. Background: In SYNERGY, 4,687 patients underwent PCI during index hospitalization. Patients in the subcutaneous (sc) enoxaparin group were to be given an 0.3 mg/kg IV bolus immediately before PCI if balloon inflation occurred ≥8 hr after their last sc dose of enoxaparin. Methods: The incidence of the 1° efficacy end point (death/myocardial infarction [MI] post PCI and through 30 days), and the rates of post‐PCI in‐hospital TIMI major and GUSTO severe bleeding were compared between patients randomized to unfractionated heparin (UFH) and those randomized to sc enoxaparin who did or did not receive a supplemental IV bolus of enoxaparin in accord with protocol‐mandates. Results: A total of 4,687 patients had PCI; 2,323 were assigned sc enoxaparin and 1,332 received protocol‐mandated IV enoxaparin bolus, while 215 enoxaparin patients received inappropriate IV therapy (either receiving IV enoxaparin before the 8‐hr protocol time or not receiving the IV enoxaparin as directed after 8 hr). Death or MI occurring post PCI through 30‐day follow‐up tended to be lower in the enoxaparin patients who were treated according to protocol than in those who were not (12.3% vs. 14.4%; adjusted P = 0.25), as was TIMI major bleeding (3.0% vs. 4.7%, adjusted P = 0.08). Conclusion: These exploratory analyses show that patients in SYNERGY who received the protocol‐mandated supplemental IV bolus of 0.3 mg/kg enoxaparin before PCI performed 8–12 hr after their last sc enoxaparin dose tended to have improved outcomes compared with those who did not. Strategies to ensure adherence to dosing guidelines of enoxaparin during PCI should be considered. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Treatment for LMCA ostial stenosis using a bifurcation technique with a retrograde approach
Authors: Shirai Shinichi , Doijiri Tatsuki , Iwabuchi Masashi 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA 69‐year‐old man who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery in February 2008. The surgery included grafting of the left internal thoracic artery (LITA) to the diagonal branch (D1) and a saphenous vein graft (SVG) to the left circumflex artery (LCX) due to ostial stenosis of the left main coronary artery (LMCA). The patient presented with recurring effort chest pain 18 months later. Coronary CT revealed that the LITA‐D1 graft was patent, the SVG‐LCX graft was occluded, and there was severe ostial stenosis of the LMCA. Coronary angiography was performed in August 2009, but a 5‐Fr diagnostic catheter could not be engaged due to the severe ostial stenosis. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was performed 5 days later with an attempt to cross the lesion with a guidewire using a retrograde approach through the LITA‐D1 graft. However, the guidewire could not be crossed using a conventional technique due to the extreme angulation of the LITA‐D1 anastomosis. Therefore, we attempted to use a reversed guidewire technique. After crossing the LMCA ostial lesion the retrograde wire was snared through antegradely for insertion of the guiding catheter via the right brachial artery. We were able to engage the guiding catheter in the left coronary artery and implant the stent successfully using the antegrade approach. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Left atrial appendage exclusion: State‐of‐the‐art
Authors: Cruz‐Gonzalez Ignacio , Yan Bryan P. , Lam Yat‐Yin 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIt is postulated that the source of thromboembolism in 90% of patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) arises from the left atrial appendage (LAA). Anticoagulation with warfarin is the standard medical therapy for stroke prevention in patients with AF. However, chronic warfarin therapy is contraindicated in 14 to 44% of patients with AF who are at risk for stroke. Mechanical exclusion of the LAA may prevent thrombus formation in the appendage and hence reduce the risk of stroke. Recently, several studies of percutaneous transcatheter delivery of dedicated LAA exclusion devices such as the PLAATO device, Watchman device and the Amplatzer cardiac plug, have shown encouraging results as an alternative to warfarin therapy for selected patients. This article aims to review the current evidence for LAA exclusion in patients with AF. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Safety and efficacy of carotid stenting in the very elderly
Authors: Grant Arthur , White Christopher , Ansel Gary , Bacharach Michael , Metzger Christopher , Velez Carlos 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackground: Carotid artery stenting (CAS) has emerged as an alternative to carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in patients at high risk for complications from surgery. The very elderly (≥80‐year‐old) are one subgroup of patients identified as being at increased risk for carotid surgery. However, there is concern that the very elderly are also at increased risk for complications of CAS. A stroke and death rate of 12% was reported in very elderly patients during the roll‐in phase of Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy versus Stent Trial (CREST). We are reporting on a large clinical series of CAS with independent neurological assessment in the very elderly. Methods: Between 1994 and 2008, a consecutive series of 418 CAS patients (≥80‐year‐old) were treated at four high‐volume centers with extensive CAS experience. Independent neurologic assessment was performed after CAS procedures. Thirty‐day follow‐up information was available in 389 patients. Results: The average age was 83.2 ± 2.8 years. Most patients were male (63.2%), and the target lesion carotid stenosis was asymptomatic in two‐thirds (68.2%) of patients. The majority of patients treated with CAS had a history of coronary artery disease (74.4%), hypertension (87.8%), and dyslipidemia (71.1%). One third (30.1%) were diabetic and more than half (56.5%) were current or former smokers. Embolic protection devices (EPD) were used in 78.7% of cases with the CAS procedure being performed before EPD availability being the most common reason for not using them. The overall 30‐day incidence of stroke and death was 2.8% (11/389). The cumulative incidence of major cardiovascular events (stroke, death, or myocardial infarction) during that time period was 3.3% (13/389). Conclusions: This large series of CAS with independent neurologic assessment is convincing evidence that the very elderly (≥80 years) can safely undergo CAS with stroke and death rates comparable to younger patients. The key to obtaining these excellent results is that CAS be performed by high volume, experienced operators who exercise restraint regarding patient selection. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preliminary characterization of oral lesions associated with inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycin in cancer patients
Authors: Sonis Stephen , Treister Nathaniel , Chawla Sant , Demetri George , Haluska Frank 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors may have efficacy as an intervention for advanced malignancies. Oral ulceration (OU), reported as mucositis, has been a dose‐limiting toxicity for this new class of agents. An analysis of the appearance, course, and toxicity associations of mTOR inhibitor‐associated stomatitis (mIAS) demonstrated that the condition is distinct from conventional mucositis (CM) and more closely resembles aphthous stomatitis.METHODS:Safety data from 78 solid tumor patients enrolled in 2 Phase 1, multicenter trials of the mTOR inhibitor deforolimus (AP23573, MK‐8669) were evaluated. Adverse events (AEs) based on National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria for National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 3.0) criteria were coded, consolidated, and stratified according to the presence or absence and duration of concordant OU. The relation between OU and other AEs was analyzed.RESULTS:Treatment‐emergent AEs were reported in 91% of 78 study participants. OUs were reported in 66%, appeared within 5 days of deforolimus administration, and were discrete, ovoid, superficial, well demarcated, and surrounded by an erythematous halo. Their clinical appearance and distribution were similar to that of aphthous stomatitis but inconsistent with CM. Patients with OU were more likely to have nonspecific rashes and acneiform dermatitis but not gastrointestinal AEs.CONCLUSIONS:OU associated with mTOR inhibitor therapy differed from CM. Lesions more closely resembled those of aphthous stomatitis. The lack of other gastrointestinal involvement but the presence of a higher incidence of concomitant cutaneous AEs provided additional evidence to suggest a distinction between mIAS and CM. Treatment strategies for aphthous stomatitis may be a rational approach for the prevention and control of mIAS. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Amino Acid Based Phosphoramidite Ligands for the Rhodium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation
Authors: Breuil Pierre‐Alain R. , Reek Joost N. H. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractTwo sets of amino acid based phosphoramidite ligands with either a BINOL backbone (Sb‐1a–e and Rb‐1a) or a flexible biphenol backbone (2a–c and 2f) were synthesized and evaluated in the rhodium‐catalyzed hydrogenation of different functionalized alkenes: dimethyl itaconate (3), methyl 2‐acetamidoacrylate (4), methyl α‐acetamidocinnamate (5) and N‐(3,4‐dihydro‐2‐naphthalenyl)acetamide (6). The amino acid fragment can be modified at three positions (R1–R3) giving rise to modular ligands. Initial experiments varying the R1 position of the amino acid fragment, showed that the valine‐based phosphoramidite ligand Sb‐1b forms the most selective rhodium catalyst for three of the four substrates of the current study. The modifications at the other positions (R2 and R3) tweaked the ligand structure such that enhanced selectivities were obtained; up to 97 % ee is obtained for the asymmetric hydrogenation of 4 with Sb‐1e. For ligands with two sources of chirality match/mismatch effects are observed, the diastereoisomer Sb‐1b giving higher selectivity than the diastereoisomer Rb‐1b for most of the substrates. The set of phosphoramidite ligands having the flexible and cheap biphenol backbone is developed to study the ability of the amino acid derivatives as the sole source of chirality in the ligand to steer enantioselectivity in rhodium‐catalyzed hydrogenation. This study shows their capacity to compete with their BINOL‐based analogues and even to outclass them depending on the substrate evaluated. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)