bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial Intelligence and Digital Ecosystems in Education: A Review
Authors: Rojas Milena Patricia , Chiappe Andrés 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDigital ecosystems are a set of interconnected elements that enable an integrated and seamless digital experience. In education, the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has great potential to improve teaching and learning. However, for the expectations placed on the educational use of AI to be met, it is necessary to develop adequate digital ecosystems that allow its effective implementation. Therefore, it is of great importance to deepen the understanding of these ecosystems and their key elements for such implementation. For this purpose, a systematic review of the literature on this subject was conducted, which included the analysis of 76 articles published in peer-reviewed journals. The main results of the review highlight the current focus of research in that matter, which relates digital ecosystems and artificial intelligence around the personalization of learning. Also, some aspects related to this relationship are analyzed from four categories: networks, applications, services, and users.
Syndecan-4 is required for early-stage repair responses during zebrafish heart regeneration
Authors: Lai Zih-Yin , Yang Chung-Chi , Chen Po-Hsun , Chen Wei-Chen , Lai Ting-Yu , Lu Guan-Yun , Yang Chiao-Yu , Wang Ko-Ying , Liu Wei-Cen , Chen Yu-Chieh , Liu Lawrence Yu-Min , Chuang Yung-Jen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The healing process after a myocardial infarction (MI) in humans involves complex events that replace damaged tissue with a fibrotic scar. The affected cardiac tissue may lose its function permanently. In contrast, zebrafish display a remarkable capacity for scar-free heart regeneration. Previous studies have revealed that syndecan-4 (SDC4) regulates inflammatory response and fibroblast activity following cardiac injury in higher vertebrates. However, whether and how Sdc4 regulates heart regeneration in highly regenerative zebrafish remains unknown.

Methods and Results
This study showed that sdc4 expression was differentially regulated during zebrafish heart regeneration by transcriptional analysis. Specifically, sdc4 expression increased rapidly and transiently in the early regeneration phase upon ventricular cryoinjury. Moreover, the knockdown of sdc4 led to a significant reduction in extracellular matrix protein deposition, immune cell accumulation, and cell proliferation at the lesion site. The expression of tgfb1a and col1a1a, as well as the protein expression of Fibronectin, were all down-regulated under sdc4 knockdown. In addition, we verified that sdc4 expression was required for cardiac repair in zebrafish via in vivo electrocardiogram analysis. Loss of sdc4 expression caused an apparent pathological Q wave and ST elevation, which are signs of human MI patients.

Conclusions
Our findings support that Sdc4 is required to mediate pleiotropic repair responses in the early stage of zebrafish heart regeneration.
A new version of trial equation method for a complex nonlinear system arising in optical fibers
Authors: Kirci Ozlem , Pandir Yusuf , Latifa Agamalieva , Bulut Hasan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, the dissipation problem of nonlinear pulse in mono mode optical fibers which is governed by the Fokas system (FS) is considered. The solutions of this system have an important role in comprehending the different wave structures in physical settings. Therefore, a new version of the trial equation method (NVTEM) is employed to present the new exact wave solutions of the FS. The advantage of the NVTEM is to use different root possibilities of a polynomial which shape the solutions of the related model. Primarily this system is converted to a nonlinear ordinary differential equation (NODE) via the traveling wave transform to apply the proposed method. Various exact wave solutions to the FS are obtained such as rational function, exponential function, hyperbolic function, and Jacobi elliptic function solutions. Thus, we have revealed solutions featly which are unlike the wave solutions previously found by other analytical methods. The present results depict the formation and development of such waves and their interactions. The exhibition of the solutions is given by 3D plots together with the corresponding 2D plots. The outcomes have shown that the proposed technique is abundant in achieving different wave solutions of many nonlinear differential equations in the field of optics.
Assessment of Native Myocardial T1 Mapping for Early Detection of Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Patients with Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Mohamed Amira A. , Elmancy Layla Y. , Abulola Sara M. , Al-Qattan Sara A. , Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed Izham , Maayah Zaid H. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAnthracycline antibiotic is one of the most effective anti-tumor drugs used to manage certain types of breast cancers, lymphomas, and leukemias. However, anthracyclines induce a dose-dependent cardiotoxicity that may progress to heart failure. Thus, using a sensitive predictor of early cardiac dysfunction in patients treated with anthracyclines can help detect subclinical cardiac dysfunction early and help initiate interventions to protect these patients. Among parameters of myocardial measure, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-measured native myocardial T1 mapping is considered a sensitive and accurate quantitative measure of early subclinical cardiac changes, particularly cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. However, to understand the quality and the validity of the current evidence supporting the use of these measures in patients treated with anthracyclines, we aimed to conduct a systematic review of clinical studies of this measure to detect early myocardial changes in cancer patients treated with anthracyclines. The primary outcome was the level of native T1 mapping. We performed fixed-effects meta-analyses and assessed certainty in effect estimates. Of the 1780 publications reviewed (till 2022), 23 were retrieved, and 9 articles met the inclusion criteria. Our study showed that exposure to anthracycline was associated with a significant elevation of native myocardial T1 mapping from baseline (95% CI 0.1121 to 0.5802; p = 0.0037) as well as compared to healthy control patients (95% CI 0.2925 to 0.7448; p < 0.0001). No significant publication bias was noted on the assessment of the funnel plot and Egger’s test. According to the Q test, there was no significant heterogeneity in the included studies (I2 = 0.0000% versus healthy controls and I2 = 14.0666% versus baseline). Overall, our study suggests that native myocardial T1 mapping is useful for detecting anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in patients with cancer.
Hazardous Elements in Road Dust from Petrol Stations in Rzeszów (Podkarpackie, Poland): Toxicological Assessment Using Field Portable X-ray Fluorescence (FP-XRF) as ‘White Analytical Technique’
Authors: Frydrych Adrian , Jurowski Kamil 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Samples of road dust (RD) from petrol stations (n = 20) located in Rzeszów (Podkarpackie, Poland) were analysed to find potential markers of traffic-related pollution. The level (μg/g) of: Mo, U, As, Hg, Th, Pb, Ni, Cu, Cr, Be, Sr, Zr, Zn, Mn and Fe were measured using field portable X-ray spectroscopy (FP-XRF) as a direct, rapid and ‘white analytical technique’. Our research demonstrated for the first time the utility of using FP-XRF for environmental toxicological assessment of RD from petrol stations. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the dust samples tested provides valuable research material for creating and updating regulations and finding pollution hotspots such as petrol stations. It was possible to find potential markers of traffic-related pollution (e.g., Zr and Fe forms of disk brakes or brake pads). Certain elements of the study give ambiguous signals related to fuel distribution and road traffic. They can come from various sources of environmental contamination. The adoption of evidence-based policies to minimise pollution, conserve the environment, and protect the well-being of people living or working near gas stations is anticipated to be aided by these findings for policymakers, regulatory authorities, and stakeholders. Incorporating toxicological risk assessment framework, this study pioneers the investigation of human exposure to hazardous elements in RD, an in-depth evaluation of both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks associated with such exposure including lifetime average daily dose. Our findings contribute novel insights into the environmental toxicology of urban areas, emphasising the need for tailored interventions to mitigate these risks.
Voice, access, and ownership: enabling environments for nutrition advocacy in India and Nigeria
Authors: Resnick Danielle , Anigo Kola Matthew , Anjorin Olufolakemi , Deshpande Shilpa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhat constitutes an enabling environment for nutrition advocacy in low- and middle-income countries? While a sizeable body of scholarship considers the enabling environment for nutrition policy, we focus specifically on the necessary conditions for advocacy. We argue that three factors—voice, access, and ownership—provide a useful lens into the advocacy enabling environment. These are operationalized, respectively, as the space to articulate and frame policy positions, entry points to interact with policy decision makers, and the existence of committed decision makers rather than those responding to pressures from external actors. These three factors are explored vis-à-vis a comparative analysis of two federal democracies—India and Nigeria—that each have vibrant advocacy communities confronting persistent malnutrition. Drawing on more than 100 structured interviews with nutrition advocates, government actors, donors, and researchers in the two countries, we highlight the ways in which voice, access, and ownership interactively shape advocacy efforts. In doing so, we find that Nigeria has a less ideological approach to certain nutrition issues than in India but also perceived to be more beholden to external actors in defining its nutrition actions. Recent restrictions on freedom of speech and association shrunk the civic space in India but these were less problematic in Nigeria. In both countries, the multi-tiered, multi-party system offers many different points of access into the policy arena, with sometimes negative implications for coordination. Overall, the paper contributes more broadly to the literature on enabling environments by highlighting potential indicators to guide nutrition advocates in other settings.
Caffeine intake enhances bowel recovery after colorectal surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized and non-randomized studies
Authors: Vaghiri Sascha , Prassas Dimitrios , David Stephan Oliver , Knoefel Wolfram Trudo , Krieg Andreas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPostoperative ileus (POI) after colorectal surgery is a major problem that affects both patient recovery and hospital costs highlighting the importance of preventive strategies. Therefore, we aimed to perform a systematic analysis of the effects of postoperative caffeine consumption on bowel recovery and surgical morbidity after colorectal surgery. A comprehensive literature search was conducted through September 2023 for randomized and non-randomized trials comparing the effect of caffeinated versus non-caffeinated drinks on POI by evaluating bowel movement resumption, time to first flatus and solid food intake, and length of hospital stay (LOS). Secondary outcome analysis included postoperative morbidity in both groups. After data extraction and inclusion in a meta-analysis, odds ratios (ORs) for dichotomous variables and standardized mean differences (SMDs) for continuous outcomes with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Subgroup analyses were performed in cases of substantial heterogeneity. Six randomized and two non-randomized trials with a total of 610 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Caffeine intake significantly reduced time to first bowel movement [SMD −0.39, (95% CI −0.66 to −0.12), p = 0.005] and time to first solid food intake [SMD −0.41, (95% CI −0.79 to −0.04), p = 0.03] in elective laparoscopic colorectal surgery, while time to first flatus, LOS, and the secondary outcomes did not differ significantly. Postoperative caffeine consumption may be a reasonable strategy to prevent POI after elective colorectal surgery. However, larger randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with homogeneous study protocols, especially regarding the dosage form of caffeine and coffee, are needed.
Exploring the Impact of Online Teaching Factors on International Students’ Control-Value Appraisals and Achievement Emotions in a Foreign Language Context
Authors: Kaiqi Shao , Kutuk Gulsah 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDrawing upon Pekrun’s (2006) control–value theory of achievement emotions, the present study explores the relations between online teaching factors (i.e., teachers’ information and communications technology (ICT) competence and provision of structure) and students’ control–value appraisals and achievement emotions (i.e., enjoyment, boredom, and anxiety) in an online foreign language learning context. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 12 international students and 6 teachers who were involved in a Chinese foreign language course delivered online during the coronavirus pandemic. Results from the thematic analysis showed that both students’ and teachers’ positive evaluations of teachers’ ICT competence and provision of structure were associated with students’ increased control beliefs and intrinsic value, but not necessarily with utility value. According to the participants, the two increased appraisals related to students’ greater enjoyment and reduced feelings of boredom and anxiety during the online language learning process. Findings are discussed in light of the role of online teaching factors in shaping students’ appraisals and emotional experiences in online environments, particularly during the coronavirus pandemic.
COVID-19 Prevention and Mitigation Decision-Making Processes While Navigating Chronic Disease Care: Perspectives of Black Adults with Heart Failure and Diabetes
Authors: Johnson Leslie C. M. , Josiah Willock Robina , Simmons Sierra , Moyd Sarahna , Geiger Demetrius , Ghali Jalal K. , Quarells Rakale C. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Heart failure and diabetes are comorbidities that disproportionately contribute to high morbidity and mortality among Blacks. Further compounding the racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 health outcomes, Blacks with cardiometabolic diseases are at high risk of experiencing serious complications or mortality from COVID-19. This study aimed to assess how Blacks with heart failure and diabetes navigated chronic care management during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
A mixed methods study including in-depth interviews and surveys with adults diagnosed with heart failure and diabetes (n = 17) was conducted in 2021–2022. Verbatim transcripts were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.

Results
Participants reported that while the pandemic initially caused delays in access to health services, shifts to telemedicine allowed for continued care despite preferences for in-person appointments. Various sources of information were used in different ways to make decisions on how to best reduce health risks due to COVID-19, but individuals and institutions affiliated with science and medicine, or who promoted information from these sources, were considered to be the most trusted sources of information among those who relied on outside guidance when making health-related decisions. Individuals’ self-awareness of their own high-risk status and perceived control over their exposure levels to the virus informed what COVID-19 prevention and mitigation strategies people used.

Conclusion
Information backed by scientific data was an important health communication tool that alongside other factors, such as fear of mortality due to COVID-19, encouraged individuals to get vaccinated and adopt other COVID-19 prevention and mitigation behaviors.
Subjektiv eingeschätzter Beanspruchungszustand von im Schichtdienst tätigen Bus- und Straßenbahnfahrer*innen sowie Verwaltungsangestellten eines Verkehrsunternehmens
Authors: Darius Sabine , Böckelmann Irina 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Berufskraftfahrer*innen im Personenverkehr sind bei ihrer Arbeit diversen Belastungen ausgesetzt. Dazu gehören neben dem Schichtdienst unter anderem die hohe Verantwortung gegenüber den Fahrgästen oder auch die Gewährleistung von Pünktlichkeit mit der Einhaltung von Fahrplänen. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, psychische Beanspruchungsfolgen bei Bus- und Straßenbahnfahrer*innen mit Schichtdienst zu identifizieren und deren Beanspruchungszustand und Schlafverhalten dem von Beschäftigten aus der Verwaltung des gleichen Unternehmens, jedoch ohne Schichtdienst, gegenüberzustellen.

Methodik
An der Studie nahmen 24 Bus- und Straßenbahnfahrer*innen mit Schichtdienst (Alter 46,3 ± 11,0 Jahre) und 29 Verwaltungsangestellte des gleichen Unternehmens ohne Schichtdienst (Alter 46,5 ± 10,5 Jahre) teil. Die subjektive Beanspruchung wurde mit Fragebögen (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI], General-Health-Questionnaire [GHQ-12], Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS] und Erholungsunfähigkeit) erfasst.

Ergebnisse
Bus- und Straßenbahnfahrer*innen klagten über eine signifikant schlechtere Schlafqualität im Vergleich zu Verwaltungsangestellten (PSQI-Gesamtpunktzahl 7,0 ± 2,2 vs. 5,6 ± 3,3 Punkte; p = 0,038). Von den Fahrer*innen wurden 69 % als schlechte Schläfer im Vergleich zu 41 % der Verwaltungsangestellten eingestuft ($$p_{\text{Chi}^2}$$

p

Chi
2

= 0,037). Die subjektiv eingeschätzte psychische Gesundheit, die Tagesschläfrigkeit und auch die Erholungsunfähigkeit unterschieden sich in beiden Gruppen nicht.

Diskussion
Aufgrund des hohen Anteils von Bus- und Straßenbahnfahrer*innen mit eingeschränkter Schlafqualität besteht in diesem Verkehrsunternehmen Handlungsbedarf zur Verbesserung des Schlafes in dieser Berufsgruppe.
Multi-attribute decision-making problem in career determination using single-valued neutrosophic distance measure
Authors: Dasan M. Arockia , Bementa E. , Aslam Muhammad , Flower V. F. Little 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce a distance measure on single-valued neutrosophic sets by sine function which is a generalization of intuitionistic fuzzy sine distance measure. The axiom of metric on single-valued neutrosophic sets is verified and shows that the difference of distance measure from unity is a similarity measure. A new methodology for multi-attribute decision-making problems (MADM) is developed for the most common decision by the smallest measure value of the proposed single-valued neutrosophic distance measure. We further apply this distance measure to a multi-attribute decision-making problem (MADM) for student career determination in a neutrosophic environment to find the best career for suitable students. Finally, the comparison is made between the proposed distance measure and the other distance measures for the final decision chosen from the most common decisions of them.
Developing Functional Thinking: from Concrete to Abstract Through an Embodied Design
Authors: Wei Hang , Bos Rogier , Drijvers Paul 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn addressing the challenge of fostering functional thinking (FT) in secondary school students, our research centered on the question of how an embodied design can enhance FT’s different aspects, including input–output, covariation, and correspondence views. Drawing from embodied cognition theory and focusing on an action- and perception-based task design that uses light ray contexts and different function representations, we developed a digital-embodied learning environment, using the nomogram as a central representation. Our pilot study involving four eighth-grade students provided insights into their physical interactions with these modules through a multi-touch digital interface. Analysis of video and audio recordings from the pilots, including students’ hand gestures and verbal expressions, was guided by comparing hypothetical learning activities with the actual learning activities. The results show that (1) a concrete light ray context enables students to ground the abstract mathematical function concept; (2) the bimanual coordinating motion tasks, incorporating the covariation aspect of FT, allow students to connect their bodily experience with function properties; and (3) our embodied and dragging tasks support insight in the conversion between nomograms and graphs of functions, encouraging students’ correspondence thinking by providing multiple perspectives to understand, reason about, and manipulate the function. In conclusion, our findings suggest the potential of digital-embodied tasks in fostering FT, evident in students’ diverse strategies and reasoning.
Supporting the Wellbeing of Those Left Behind: The Impact of Youth Development Programmes on Children in Highly Transient Schools
Authors: Bullen Pat , Williamson-Dean Rachel A. , Brown Gavin T. L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSchools are important in nurturing social skills and behaviours. Research consistently demonstrates that movement into/out of school (transience/mobility) disrupts positive social skill development, especially for students who frequently move. The impact of attending a highly transient school on non-mobile students is not as well-known. The current study explored the impact of values and life skill-based programme, Kiwi Can, on social development and the classroom climate for non-mobile children. Researchers administered surveys to students attending 15 intervention (i.e. Kiwi Can programme; n = 763) and 9 control (n = 456) schools in Aotearoa New Zealand. We examined the impact of programme participation by school transience level (high, middle, low) and length of school participation (new, experienced). The results indicate that students attending highly transient schools struggled to build social relationships, feel connected, demonstrate care and compassion to others, and behave in prosocial ways. They also felt less safe at their schools. Students participating in Kiwi Can for more than two years (experienced schools) showed fewer negative effects of transience on social development than less experienced schools. This research highlights the plight of students who are ‘left behind.’
Predicting the compressive strength of tight sandstone based on the low field NMR and pseudo-triaxial compression measurements
Authors: Ge Xinmin , Zhang Renxia , Liu Jianyu , Fan Yiren , Myers Michael , Hathon Lori 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe compressive strength is very important for petroleum and other engineering studies. However, the effect of pore size and fluid distribution on the rock’s strength is not fully understood. We developed comprehensive research to study the controlling factors of the compressive strength based on low field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements and pseudo-triaxial compression test for tight sandstones. The relationship between the compressive strength and the NMR obtained parameters are investigated completely, aiming for a better estimation of the compressive strength using the NMR data. The result shows that the rock’s strength is strongly controlled by the pore size distribution and the fluid existing state. Generally, the compressive strength is negatively correlated with the average transversal relaxation time, the movable water saturation, and the porosity, but positively correlated with the irreducible water saturation. The result reveals that the rock with larger pore radius and higher percentage of movable fluid is easier to reach the failure state. Further, the precision of the empirical model by multiple regression of the geometric mean of the relaxation time and the porosity is greatly improved compared with the model established by the brittle minerals, which is potentially to be use for geophysical prospecting when the NMR logging data is available.