bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using super paramagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)‐enhanced MRI: Added value of diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI)
Authors: Nishie Akihiro , Tajima Tsuyoshi , Ishigami Kousei , Ushijima Yasuhiro , Okamoto Daisuke , Hirakawa Masakazu , Nishihara Yunosuke , Taketomi Akinobu , Hatakenaka Masamitsu , Irie Hiroyuki , Yoshimitsu Kengo , Honda Hiroshi 
Published: January 2010

AbstractPurpose:To evaluate whether diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) improves the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on super paramagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)‐enhanced MRI.Materials and Methods:This retrospective study group consisted of 30 patients with 50 HCC nodules who underwent MRI at 1.5 Tesla. Two combined MR sequence sets were compared for detecting HCC: SPIO‐enhanced MRI (axial T2‐weighted fast spin‐echo (FSE) and T1‐/T2*‐weighted fast field echo (FFE) scanned before and after administration of ferucarbotran) and SPIO‐enhanced MRI + DWI (SPIO‐enhanced MRI with axial DWI scanned before and after administration of ferucarbotran). Three blinded readers independently reviewed for the presence of HCC on a segment‐by‐segment basis using a four‐point confidence scale. The performance of the two combined MR sequence sets was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.Results:The average area under the ROC curve (Az) of the three readers for the SPIO‐enhanced MRI + DWI set (0.870 ± 0.046) was significantly higher that that for the SPIO‐enhanced MRI set (0.820 ± 0.055) (P = .025). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) for detection of HCC were 66.0%, 98.0%, 90.0%, and 91.4%, respectively, for the SPIO‐enhanced MRI set, and 70.0%, 98.6%, 92.9%, and 92.4%, respectively, for the SPIO‐enhanced MRI + DWI set.Conclusion:The SPIO‐enhanced MRI + DWI set outperformed the SPIO‐enhanced MRI set for depicting HCC. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010; 31: 373–382. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Two‐point dixon technique provides robust fat suppression for multi‐mouse imaging
Authors: Ragan Dustin K. , Bankson James A. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractPurpose:To determine whether Dixon‐based fat separation techniques can provide more robust removal of lipid signals from multiple‐mouse magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐acquired images than conventional frequency selective chemical saturation techniques.Materials and Methods:A two‐point Dixon technique was implemented using a RARE‐based pulse sequence and techniques for multivolume fat suppression were evaluated using a 4‐element array of volume resonators at 4.7 T. Images were acquired of both phantoms and mice.Results:Fat saturation was achieved on all four channels of the multiple mouse acquisition with the Dixon technique, while failures of fat saturation were found with chemical saturation techniques.Conclusion:This proof of concept study found that Dixon fat separation provided more reliable and homogenous fat suppression than chemical saturation in phantoms and in vivo. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010; 31:510–514. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Relationships of brain white matter microstructure with clinical and MR measures in relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis
Authors: Giorgio Antonio , Palace Jacqueline , Johansen‐Berg Heidi , Smith Stephen M. , Ropele Stefan , Fuchs Siegrid , Wallner‐Blazek Mirja , Enzinger Christian , Fazekas Franz 
Published: January 2010

AbstractPurpose:To assess the relationships of microstructural damage in the cerebral white matter (WM), as measured by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), with clinical parameters and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of focal tissue damage in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).Materials and Methods:Forty‐five relapsing‐remitting (RR) MS patients (12 male, 33 female; median age = 29 years, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) = 1.5, disease duration = 3 years) were studied. T2‐lesion masks were created and voxelwise DTI analyses performed with Tract‐Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS).Results:T2‐lesion volume (T2‐LV) was significantly (P < 0.05, corrected) correlated with fractional anisotropy (FA) in both lesions and normal‐appearing WM (NAWM). Relationships (P = 0.08, corrected) between increasing EDSS score and decreasing FA were found in the splenium of the corpus callosum (sCC) and along the pyramidal tract (PY). All FA associations were driven by changes in the perpendicular (to primary tract direction) diffusivity. No significant global and voxelwise FA changes were found over a 2‐year follow‐up.Conclusion:FA changes related to clinical disability in RR‐MS patients with minor clinical disability are localized to specific WM tracts such as the sCC and PY and are driven by changes in perpendicular diffusivity both within lesions and NAWM. Longitudinal DTI measurements do not seem able to chart the early disease course in the WM of MS patients. Imaging 2010; 31:309–316. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Spatial variations of climate indices in Turkey
Authors: Deniz A. , Toros H. , Incecik S. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe present study explores the spatial variability of the continentality, oceanity and aridity indices in Turkey. Climatic indices are diagnostic tools used to describe climatic conditions and the state of a climate system. In this study, four indices were calculated using the climatic data from 229 meteorological stations in Turkey. The nature of the indices expresses general climatic features such as continentality, marine influences and aridity. The climatic indices used here are the Johansson Continentality (JC) Index, the Kerner Oceanity Index (KOI), the De Martonne Aridity Index (IDM) and the Pinna Combinative (PV) Index. Furthermore, aridity characteristics in Turkey have been examined using the two separate periods (1960–1990 and 1991–2006). To assess the temperature and precipitation patterns in Turkey, the climatic indices were calculated by using monthly temperature and precipitation for the period 1960–2006. According to the results of the KOI, marine climates characteristics were dominant in the Black Sea region than in its Aegean and Mediterranean region. The JC index is used for the climatic classification between continental and oceanic climates. The continental effect was found across 25% of the country. The maximum continentality with a score of 71.5 has been found in the eastern Anatolia. Furthermore, semi‐dry areas were increasing in the 1991–2006 period compared to 1960–1990. A significant correlation was found between the values of the JC index and the KOI. The JC index gives reasonable results for Turkey. The continental effect was found across 25% of the country. This analysis may be of benefit for the explanation of landscape characteristics and the rational utilization of water resources, agriculture and energy scenarios for the region in many areas of Turkey. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Electrospun Silk Material Systems for Wound Healing
Authors: Wharram Scott E. , Zhang Xiaohui , Kaplan David L. , McCarthy Stephen P. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe functional properties of six distinct electrospun silk material groups were evaluated to assess conformational and biocompatible characteristics related to wound dressings. In a hydrated state, all six silk matrices exhibited absorption, water vapor transmission, oxygen permeation and enzymatic biodegradation suitable for full‐thickness wound sites. Employing constrained drying techniques, silk concentration was a determinate factor influencing material structural properties related to the storage and distribution of such wound dressing systems. Subsequently, three electrospun silk models demonstrated ideal biomaterial properties with potential utility for wound dressings.magnified image
Regularity of harmonic functions for anisotropic fractional Laplacians
Authors: Sztonyk Paweł 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWe prove that bounded harmonic functions of anisotropic fractional Laplacians are Hölder continuous under mild regularity assumptions on the corresponding Lévy measure. Under some stronger assumptions the Green function, Poisson kernel and the harmonic functions are even differentiable of order up to three (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Observations on Solution Crystallization of Poly(vinyl alcohol) in the Presence of Single‐Wall Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Minus Marilyn L. , Chae Han Gi , Kumar Satish 
Published: January 2010

AbstractPVA/SWNT dispersions yield aloe plant‐like crystals, where the leaves are single crystals templated by PVA coated SWNT. Longer growth times (≈18 months) lead to hexagonal rod‐like crystals. HR‐TEM images show evidence that PVA molecules are aligned parallel to the SWNT axis. WAXD, electron diffraction, and HR‐TEM observations of these aloe plant and hexagonal crystals suggests evidence for possible PVA‐SWNT epitaxy. Wide‐angle and electron diffraction data of these crystals also show that the structure seems to mimic the 2D hexagonal crystal packing of SWNT. PVA lattice images and moiré fringes were also observed in the leaf‐like crystals.magnified image
Generalizing link prediction: Collaboration at the University of Antwerp as a case study
Authors: Guns Raf 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe link prediction (LP) approach tries to predict links in an unknown network on the basis of a known network. It is argued that LP evaluation can be treated analogous to Information Retrieval evaluation. This characterization entails three generalizations of LP: both appearing and disappearing links can be predicted, LP is not necessarily time‐based, and LP is complementary to anomalous link and gap discovery. Multi‐input LP tries to increase precision and recall by having more than one known network as input. These concepts are applied to an informetric case study of collaboration at the University of Antwerp. Performance of different prediction methods is discussed. Furthermore, we establish a small but positive influence for multi‐input LP.
Information in action: A situated view
Authors: Ekbia Hamid 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe role of information in daily activities is a key question for information science. Various theories and approaches have been developed to conceptualize the objects and events that inform people as they go about the conduct of daily life. This paper introduces the notion of ‘regimes of information’ to account for the different shapes and meanings that information takes in various situations. Building on Buckland (1991)'s account, and adopting the situated perspective of Garfinkel (2008), the paper applies Boltanski and Thévenot (2006)'s polity model to define and develop the notion of regimes of information. I argue that rather than ‘using’ information as a given, people enact it variously depending on the kind of situation in which they find themselves.
Providing support for multi‐session web tasks
Authors: MacKay Bonnie , Watters Carolyn 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn two previous studies, we explored how users perform multi‐session web tasks (those tasks that require more than one web session to complete). Using the results of these studies, we proposed three guidelines to help developers design browser support for these types of tasks. In this paper, we describe three prototypes that we designed and developed using these guidelines and the results of a preliminary evaluation of the prototypes in the field. We found that while participants found the simplest prototype to be the easiest to use, it was the other two prototypes with additional functionality that were deemed more useful by participants. In addition, participants preferred the prototypes with additional functionality that helped manage their tasks between sessions.
The ICT paradox in Uganda: The convergence of radio and telephony in the power contest between the resurging Buganda Nationalism and the central government
Authors: Muwanguzi Samuel 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis paper examines the role of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the power contest between the re‐emerging traditionalism and the flagging influence of nationalism in Uganda. The analysis is placed within a globalized information revolution that swept through the African continent resulting in the liberalization of the airwaves and the telephony which effectively ended the monopoly of governments over the primary channels of communication with the population. Specifically, the paper offers an analysis of how the convergence of the Buganda Kingdom FM radio station, the Central Broadcasting Services (CBS) and the now ubiquitous cell phone, have contributed to the resurgence of Buganda nationalism and is leading the kingdom's power contest against the previously all powerful central government over land ownership. Second, the paper presents a brief historical perspective to establish the context and clarify the factors responsible for this power contest between the two previously erstwhile allies. The paper also suggests how the conflict could be resolved and how ICT could be used productively to maximize globalization benefits while minimizing the destabilizations, dislocations, disparities, distortions, and the escalation of disruptions that caused the power contest and threaten to plunge the country into a bloodbath.
Children's strategies in coping with daily life: Does information matter?
Authors: Lu Ya‐Ling 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis article offers empirical evidence of children's information behaviors in coping with daily life experiences. One hundred thirty‐three children in Taiwan, ages 11 and 12, participated in the study. Each participant kept a semi‐structured journal for four days. The study elicited five different information behaviors related to coping:Information Seeking for Problem Solving; Information Seeking for Problem Analysis; Information Use for Escape; Information Use for a Transition;andInformation Avoidance. This is an exploratory study, but it provides insights into issues related to children's information behaviors and information services in a coping context.
Practicing place: Collective experience and difference in an urban online forum
Authors: Walker Dana , Wehner Patrick 
Published: January 2010

AbstractDespite predictions to the contrary, place has assumed a new significance through recent innovations in digital technology. In this paper, we argue that the exchange of information and experience occurring daily on the networked urban forum Phillyblog can be usefully conceptualized as the practice of place. In adopting this terminology, we suggest particular analytic and theoretical lines which hold important implications for the way we think about information and place in online settings. Within the context of Phillyblog, the practice of place (1) publicizes and reinforces collective experiences of the city and (2) plays an active role in constructing the distinctness and diversity of its neighborhoods. In analyzing their regular interactions on Phillyblog, we hope to add to research on information practice, in particular “everyday information practices” (Savolainen, 2008), by suggesting their role in the social construction of place. Using this particular case, we explore how information sharing and production, in particular, may play a role in the perception, conception, and experience of place.
Searching with tags: Do tags help users find things?
Authors: Kipp Margaret E.I. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis study examines the question of whether tags can be useful in the process of information retrieval. Participants were asked to search a social bookmarking tool specialising in academic articles (CiteULike) and an online journal database (PubMed) in order to determine if users found tags were useful in their search process. The actions of each participants were captured using screen capture software and they were asked to describe their search process. The preliminary study showed that users did indeed make use of tags in their search process, as a guide to searching and as hyperlinks to potentially useful articles. However, users also made use of controlled vocabularies in the journal database to locate useful search terms and of links to related articles supplied by the database.
Discourse analysis of online chat reference interviews for modeling online information‐seeking dialogues
Authors: Inoue Keisuke 
Published: January 2010

AbstractRecent developments in Web technologies have enabled a rapid increase in computer‐mediated information‐seeking communications. This manuscript presents the dissertation research the author is undertaking, which will involve a discourse analysis of online chat reference dialogues. The goal of the study is to examine existing information seeking behavior models in the recent context of the computer‐mediated communication (CMC), and to augment the theories by developing a dialogue model of information‐seeking CMC. In doing so, the study will develop an annotation scheme by incorporating dialogue act analysis into the analysis of information behavior. The contribution of the study will be to inform the design of information retrieval systems that utilize the CMC as an information resource or incorporate interactive user interface.
Individual differences in source selection behavior: Profile analyses via multidimensional scaling
Authors: Kim Kyung‐Sun , Yoo Eun‐Young , Kwon Nahyun , Sin Sei‐Ching Joanna 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe study aims to understand how undergraduate students perceive and use different information sources. The study will examine: (1) how students perceive and use different sources, (2) how the perception and the use of information sources are related, and (3) how the user characteristics and source use behaviors are related. Their relationships will be examined through correlations and profile analyses via multidimensional scaling.
Modeling Web search: Preliminary results
Authors: Du Jia Tina , Spink Amanda 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis paper reports preliminary results from a study modeling the interplay between multitasking, cognitive coordination, and cognitive shifts during Web search. Study participants conducted three Web searches on personal information problems. Data collection techniques included pre‐ and post‐search questionnaires, think‐aloud protocols, Web search logs, observation, and post‐search interviews. Key findings include: (1) users Web searches included multitasking, cognitive shifting and cognitive coordination processes, (2) cognitive coordination is the hinge linking multitasking and cognitive shifting that enables Web search construction, (3) cognitive shift levels determine the process of cognitive coordination, and (4) cognitive coordination is interplay of task, mechanism and strategy levels that underpin multitasking and task switching. An initial model depicts the interplay between multitasking, cognitive coordination, and cognitive shifts during Web search. Implications of the findings and further research are also discussed.
How can academic libraries go beyond e‐Science: The emergence of the new contribution‐recognition system
Authors: Ku Min‐Chun 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis poster aims at exploring how academic libraries can help shape the development of e‐Science and facilitate scholarship. It first discusses the problems that the e‐Science community is facing. This poster then argues that the issues emerged in the e‐Science practice will drive the need for a new contribution‐recognition system that reflects the accumulative, social and collaborative characteristics of science, and recognizes the values of various types of expertise to e‐Science and human knowledge. Finally, it proposes directions of how academic libraries can actively ground themselves in everyday research practice and shape the e‐Science revolution by providing new research data and information services based on the new contribution‐recognition system that encourages, documents, traces, and recognizes the contribution of different types of participation.
Multivariate analysis of image search strategies
Authors: Westman Stina , Berg Anna , Oittinen Pirkko 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis poster reports on a work in progress on the analysis of search strategies of users of an online image database. We combine transaction logging with qualitative query content analysis which enables a rich multivariate analysis of search behavior. The aim is to explore the suitability of transaction log analysis methodology in image retrieval and generate a wider understanding of the uses of image databases to inform system design.
User perspectives on NextGen catalog features
Authors: Salaba Athena , Zhang Yin 
Published: January 2010

AbstractSince the development of the online public access catalog (OPAC), there has been discussion about what constitutes a next‐generation (NextGen) catalog. In the last few years, many user‐centered features have been included in both vendor and open source NextGen catalogs. What is lacking, though, is a study of user perspectives on the usefulness of these features in searches. Examining these perspectives will provide insight important to future the development of NextGen catalogs. In this study, 98 library science students reviewed the features of the AcquaBrowser, Encore, VuFind, and Scriblio systems. Participants used a 10 point scale (1=low, 10=high) to rate the helpfulness and desirability of user‐centered features such as the simple search box, advanced search options, results sorting options, enriched content, user contributed content, faceted navigation, relevance ranking, spell checking, word constellations, word clouds, recommendations for similar items, external links, and other Web 2.0 features. Overall ratings show the advanced search option to have been the most helpful and the recently added items feature to have been least helpful, while faceted navigation was the most desirable feature and the recently added items feature was the least desirable. For all features included in the study, except the advanced search option, the average desirability of the features was rated higher than the average helpfulness. Additionally, more detailed findings, including users' comments about NextGen catalog features, are reported.
A first order theory of bibliographic objects
Authors: Wickett Karen , Renear Allen 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWe present a characterization of the core entities and relationships of the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) in first order logic. Evidence from the text and diagrams in FRBR support the identification of axioms that capture the constraints and assumptions built into the model. The result is an axiomatic system that clarifies the meaning of the specification. This approach provides a more systematic way of clarifying ambiguities and confusions in the interpretation of FRBR than separate analyses of individual problems and allows scholars and system builders concerned with bibliographic theory to clarify their interpretation of the specification prior to the choice of an implementation language, such as RDF or OWL.