bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Sphinganine C4-Hydroxylase MoSur2 Regulates Lipid Homeostasis and cell development in Magnaporthe oryzae
Authors: Asif Nida , Yan Jiongyi , Lv Hongmin , Li Lin , Shen Zifang , Bao Jiandong , Wu Huimin , Wang Jiaoyu , Liu Xiaohong , Zhu Xueming , Lin Fucheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Magnaporthe oryzae causes rice blast disease and is an invasive threat to global rice crops production. Recent investigations revealed that sphingolipids play an important role in various cellular processes and give us molecular insights into roles of sphingolipid genes and their derivatives in plant pathogenic fungal disease reduction. However, the function of sphingolipids and their respective proteins in M. oryzae have not yet been understood in detail. To thoroughly understand the pathological role and characterization of sphingolipid proteins involved in virulence causing rice blast disease is demanded. In this research work, we carried out systematic analysis of another gene from sphingolipid pathway, which was found to be responsible for conidia development and pathogenicity. Knockout of MoSur2, a key sphinganine C4-Hydroxylase, resulted in significant disruption in the hyphal and conidia growth, and displayed a remarkable decrease in plasma membrane (PM) tension and virulence on the host plant. MoSur2 is also necessary for regulating cell wall intensity (CWI), and osmotic and oxidative stress Osm1-MAPK pathway. TORC2 analysis revealed that phosphorylation of Ypk1 regulates the PM stress and increases in feedback mechanism in the ∆Mosur2 mutant. By comprehensive lipidomics analysis, we found out significant alterations in major plasma membrane components resulting in increased level of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) alongside decreased level of ceramide (Cer) in the mutant. Moreover, MoSur2 is localized in the ER and its interaction with upstream proteins Spt2 and Tsc10 shows that the pathway is highly systematic. The inhibition effect of myriocin gives us insight that MoSur2 mutant could be a potential drug target. These findings improve our understanding of the characterization and functionalization of MoSur2 of the sphingolipid pathway and could be very useful for controlling rice blast disease through the development of specific drugs.
Natural Cycle Frozen- Thawed Embryo Transfer- Is it all about the LH rise?
Authors: Orvieto Raoul , Morag Nira , Rubin Elena , Nahum Ravit 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
Several replacement protocols for frozen-thawed ET (FET) exist, with no advantage of one protocol over the others. In the present study we aim to evaluate the hormonal changes round the LH surge, for better determination of the LH surge and improving the NC FET outcome.
Patients and methods:
We reviewed the computerized files of all consecutive women admitted to our IVF Institute, between January 1, 2023 and June 30, 2024, who underwent NC FET cycles in our IVF Institute. The elimination of bias in this selection, for the purposes of this study, was achieved by including only patients who had two consecutive hormonal blood tests and transvaginal ultrasound evaluations prior to ovulation, on two days (D-2) before and one day before ovulation (D-1). Data on patient demographics and infertility-treatment-related variables were collected from the files. We studied and compared several variable between patients who conceived and those who did not, including the % changes in LH (D-1 minus D-2/ D-2), in estradiol (D-2 minus D-1/ D-2) and % change in progesterone (D-1 minus D-2/ D-2) levels.
Results
Six hundreds and sixty-eight NC FET cycles were performed during the study periods. Pregnancy was achieved in 348 patients (pregnancy rate, 52% per cycle). Patients who conceived were significantly younger, with no in-between group differences in LH, E2 and progesterone levels on D-2 nor D-1. Moreover, while no differences were observed in the % changes in E2, nor LH levels, the % change in progesterone (D-1 minus D2/ D-2) levels was significantly higher in those who conceived (1.9 + 1.5 vs 1.6 + 1.4, p < 0.013), as compared to those who did not.
Conclusions
Patients undergoing NC FET should be monitored by LH, estradiol and progesteron levels. The LH surge should be determined by an increase in LH, concomitant to a drop in estradiol and a 3-fold increase in progesterone levels between D-2 to D-1. Further large prospective studies are needed to elucidate the aforementioned recommendation prior to its routine implementation.
Genetic variation of hypoxia tolerance in farmed fish: a systematic review for selective breeding purposes
Authors: Barahona Sergio P. , Salinas-Parra Nicolas , Pulgar Rodrigo , Gallardo-Matus José 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The acceleration of climate change and increasing water pollution have contributed to a global increase in hypoxic events in the oceans. As a result, this environmental stressor has had significant economic repercussions for the marine aquaculture sector. Consequently, selective breeding for hypoxia-tolerant fish is being explored as a promising strategy to mitigate climate change effects. In this context, the present systematic review synthesizes and critically evaluates current knowledge regarding the genetic variation associated with hypoxia tolerance in farmed fish species. A literature search was conducted in Scopus and Web of Science, following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. In total, 963 articles were identified, of which 40 met the inclusion criteria, encompassing 29 species and three hybrid lines. Among the farmed fish, the blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were the most extensively studied. The most commonly used traits to measure hypoxia tolerance included: 1) time of loss of equilibrium (tLOE), 2) survival time or status (alive/dead) and 3) critical oxygen partial pressure (Pcrit), measured via respirometry. Notably, 22 studies reported substantial variability in hypoxia tolerance across families, strains, gynogenetic lines, growth-transgenic lines, hybrids, and species. Moreover, 15 studies identified SNP markers significantly associated with hypoxia tolerance; however, heritability estimates, reported in only two studies, ranged from 0.28 to 0.65. Furthermore, candidate genes were frequently identified as downstream effectors of the HIF pathway or as components of signaling pathways such as VEGF and mTOR, which are critical for angiogenesis and energy conservation, respectively. Additionally, genes involved in erythropoiesis, ion regulation, glucose metabolism, DNA repair, and iron metabolism, key processes in the hypoxia response, were identified. Given that aquatic environments are becoming increasingly hypoxic, these findings underscore the potential of the inherent genetic diversity present in farmed fish populations. In this context, genomic selection and gene editing emerge as promising tools for developing hypoxia-tolerant fish lines. Nevertheless, further research is warranted to implement such lines under field conditions, particularly because the correlations between hypoxia tolerance and other economically important traits, such as growth and pathogen resistance, remain largely unknown.
Studies On Asthma Among Patients In Federal Medical Centre Owerri, Imo State From 2017-2022
Authors: Ezejindu Cosmas Nnadozie , Austin Mbaji Victor , Ezejindu Damian Nnabuihe 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Millions of people worldwide suffer from asthma, a chronic respiratory disease marked by symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing, and coughing. This retrospective study assessed socio-demographic characteristics, treatment outcomes, and factors influencing asthma management among 389 patients at the Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Nigeria, from 2017 to 2022. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25.0, with significant findings highlighted to support targeted asthma care strategies. Demographic analysis showed that 43% of patients were aged 30–45 years, with 54% being female. Urban residence (62%) and environmental exposures to pollutants (33.7% in 2017 and 32.9% in 2022) were consistent contributors to asthma prevalence, alongside a strong family history (peaking at 50% in 2020). Logistic regression revealed that adult-onset asthma (p = 0.005, odds ratio [OR] = 1.67) and difficult-to-control and severe asthma (p = 0.001, OR = 2.30) were significantly associated with poor outcomes, emphasizing the need for intensified management for these patient groups. While childhood asthma and eosinophilic asthma showed positive but non-significant associations (OR = 1.26 and OR = 1.51, respectively), occupational asthma indicated a protective trend (OR = 0.70, p = 0.11). Seasonal asthma showed no significant impact (OR = 1.19, p = 0.37). Repeated measures ANOVA identified significant year-to-year variations in symptom improvement (F = 4.23, p = 0.001, partial eta squared = 0.047) and attack frequency (F = 3.51, p = 0.004, partial eta squared = 0.039). Post-hoc analysis showed notable improvements in symptom relief and reduced attack frequency between 2017 and 2021 (p = 0.01 and p = 0.02, respectively) and 2018 and 2022 (p = 0.03 and p = 0.04, respectively). However, fluctuations in treatment outcomes, such as a slight decrease in significant symptom improvement from 44.9% in 2017 to 39.5% in 2022, underscore persistent challenges in long-term asthma management. This study highlights the necessity of addressing genetic predispositions, environmental exposures, and severe asthma types to improve management outcomes. Public health interventions should focus on personalized care, urban exposure reduction, and enhanced patient education.
Oxidation-CO2 leaching of spent LiFePO4 for lithium extraction and impurities control
Authors: Yan Zhiming , WU You , Lv Zepeng , Qin Shiying , Yang Mingrui , Sattar Anwar , Li Zushu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO₄ or LFP) is a critical cathode material in electric vehicle batteries, although its recycling is constrained by limited economic feasibility. This study proposes an innovative H₂O₂-CO₂ leaching strategy for the selective extraction of lithium from spent LFP batteries. This approach operates at ambient temperature and pressure, delivering a straightforward process with high leaching efficiency. Optimal conditions yield a lithium leaching efficiency greater than 95%, with kinetic analysis indicating that the process is primarily controlled by solid layer diffusion. For impurity control, iron and phosphorus are removed by high-temperature treatment, and copper is effectively removed using an electrochemical method, resulting in a high purity of more than99.6% of the Li₂CO₃ product. Life cycle assessment highlights the substantial reductions in energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, alongside notable economic advantages of this process. This approach is a promising, sustainable, and economically advantageous solution for recycling spent LFP batteriesand has substantial application potential.
Tropical hydro-climatic responses to global warming and solar radiation modification in the Kelantan River Basin, Malaysia
Authors: Du Hongrong , Tan Mou Leong , Xia Lili , Tew Yi Lin , Yaseen Zaher Mundher 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Solar radiation modification (SRM) is a potential strategy to rapidly mitigate global warming by reflecting more sunlight into space. However, its impact on tropical hydrological cycles remains underexplored. This study investigates the potential effects of SRM on streamflow in the Kelantan River Basin (KRB) by incorporating climate projections from the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (GeoMIP6) into the Soil and Water Assessment Tool plus (SWAT+) model. Results indicate that UKESM1-0-LL and MPI-ESM1-2-LR exhibit higher uncertainty in representing KRB's climate compared to CNRM-ESM2-1 and IPSL-CM6A-LR. Under SSP5-8.5, maximum and minimum temperatures are projected to increase by up to 3.52 °C by the late 21st century, while SRM scenarios may limit warming to 1.72-2.33 °C, similar to 1.96-2.22 °C under SSP2-4.5. The multi-model ensemble mean projected an inverse V-shaped trend in annual precipitation, with a peak in the mid-21st century before declining, except for G6sulfur, which exhibits a steady decrease. Increases in monthly precipitation from November to January during the 2045-2064 period under all evaluated scenarios may intensify flooding in the KRB. Meanwhile, decreases in streamflow during dry months are projected for the periods 2045-2064 and 2065-2085 under G6sulfur, particularly in the middle and upper basins.
Inconsistent Protein Stability Despite Pre-HECT Domain Helix: Unveiling Variability in HECT Ligases
Authors: Dağ Çağdaş , Tozkoparan Ceylan Cansu Deniz , Cansız Cemre Sare 
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
Ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like systems play crucial roles across a wide
range of organisms, from simple to complex. Among the three enzyme-mediated post-translational
modification (PTM) steps, the ligation step is the most critical. HERC5, a member of the HECT
ligase family, is one of the three enzymes involved in the ISGylation system. However, the precise
start points and lengths of the HECT domains in HECT ligases are still under debate.

Method:
Some studies suggest the inclusion of an additional N-terminal alpha helix region within
the HECT domain. To investigate the structural biology of the HECT domain of HERC5, we produced
and purified various lengths of the HERC5 HECT domain using different fusion proteins.
This approach allowed us to explore the role of the N-terminal alpha helix in the stability of the
HECT domain. Our experiments successfully produced and purified HERC5 HECT domains of
different lengths with various fusion proteins.

Result:
The findings demonstrated that the N-terminal alpha-helix does not enhance the stability
of the HECT domain. These results challenge the notion that the N-terminal alpha-helix should be
generally included in the HECT domain across all HECT ligases.

Conclusion:
The inclusion of this region within the HECT domain may not be appropriate for generalization,
as it does not contribute to stability, contrary to some previous suggestions.

conclusion:
These results challenge the notion that the N-terminal alpha helix should be generally included in the HECT domain across all HECT ligases. The inclusion of this region within the HECT domain may not be appropriate for generalization, as it does not contribute to stability, contrary to some previous suggestions.
Advances in Machine Learning Models for Healthcare Applications: A Precise and Patient-Centric Approach
Authors: Parashar Bhumika , Sridhar Sathvik Belagodu , . Kalpana , Malviya Rishabha , Prajapati Bhupendra G. , Uniyal Prerna 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Healthcare is rapidly leveraging machine learning to enhance patient care, streamline
operations, and address complex medical issues. Though ethical issues, model efficiency, and algorithmic bias
exist, the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted its usefulness in disease outbreak prediction and treatment optimization.

Aim:
This article aims to discuss machine learning applications, benefits, and the ethical and practical challenges
in healthcare.

Discussion:
Machine learning assists in diagnosis, patient monitoring, and epidemic prediction but faces challenges
like algorithmic bias and data quality. Overcoming these requires high-quality data, impartial algorithms,
and model monitoring.

Conclusion:
Machine learning might revolutionize healthcare by making it more efficient and better for patients.
Full acceptance and the advancement of technologies to improve health outcomes on a global scale depend
on resolving ethical, practical, and technological concerns.
Mechanism of Astragaloside IV in Promoting Osteogenic Differentiation
Authors: Zhu Yao , Lin Chengyu , Zhang Xudong , Qiu Zuyun , Shi Lei , Li Jianmin 
Published: February 2025

Background:
This study focuses on exploring the impact of Astragaloside
IV [AS-IV] on osteogenic differentiation.

Methods:
Osteogenic differentiation was induced in rat osteoblasts, following which
treatment with AS-IV at varied doses was performed. Using Alizarin red staining and
alkaline phosphatase [ALP] detection assay, the osteogenic differentiation of the cells
was investigated. The expressions of osteogenic differentiation-related genes were
determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction [qRT-PCR]. The
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase [PI3K]/protein kinase B [Akt] signaling pathwayassociated
protein expressions were examined using Western blot. After osteoblasts
were transfected with protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 [PTPN2]
overexpression plasmid, the impact of PTPN2 on osteoblasts treated with AS-IV was
examined.

Results:
AS-IV treatment enhanced osteogenic differentiation and up-regulated the
expression of osteogenic differentiation-related genes, as well as the levels of p-
PI3K/PI3K and p-AKT/AKT, while reducing PTEN protein production in osteoblasts.
Overexpression of phosphatase and tensin homolog [PTEN] inhibited osteogenic
differentiation, and PTPN2 overexpression counteracted the effects of AS-IV on
osteogenic differentiation.

Conclusion:
AS-IV contributing to osteogenic differentiation may be related to the
PTPN2-mediated PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway.
WISP3/CCN6 Adipocytokine Marker in Patients with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and its Association with Some Risk Factors
Authors: Alsaedi Hayder Zeyad Raheemah , Dashti Nasrin , Fadaei Reza , Moradi Nariman , Naeini Farinaz Baghaei , Afrisham Reza 
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
CCN6/WISP3 is a member of the CCN adipokines family that can exert
multiple effects on metabolic pathways. So far, the function of CCN6 in the pathogenesis of
NAFLD has not been known well. Hence, we aimed to examine CCN6 serum levels in patients
with NAFLD compared to healthy individuals and its association with some risk factors for the first
time.

Method:
This case-control study measured serum levels of CCN6, TNF-α, IL-6, adiponectin, and
fasting insulin using ELISA kits in 88 NAFLD patients and 88 controls. In addition, other biochemical
variables, including AST, ALT, lipid profiles, and FBG, were determined using an Auto analyzer
instrument.

Results:
A remarkable decrease in CCN6 levels was found in the NAFLD patients (1501.9543 ±
483.414 pg/ml) compared to the healthy group (1899.4856 ± 559.704 pg/ml, P < 0.001). In NAFLD
patients, a negatively notable correlation was observed between CCN6 and the levels of insulin (r =
-0.278, P = 0.011), HOMA-IR (r = -0.268, P = 0.014), as well as TNF-α (r = -0.343, P = 0.001). A
remarkable association was found between CCN6 and the risk factor of NAFLD in the adjusted
model for gender, age, and BMI with OR = 0.867 (95% CI, [0.806-0.931], P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Our findings showed a significant reduction in CCN6 levels in the NAFLD patients
compared to the healthy group, as well as the developing risk of NAFLD enhanced with the decrease
of CCN6 levels.
Integrated Computational Analysis of C-2 Substituted Pyrazolopyrimidine and Amide Isosteres ALLINI: 3D-QSAR, Molecular Docking, and ADMET Studies
Authors: Kunwar Aakanksha , N. Gondaliya Krishna , Khedkar Vijay M. , Jha Prakash C. 
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
The rapid increase in incidences of drug resistance and off-target toxicity in the case of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has increased the demand for drugs with fewer side effects. HIV-1 Integrase (IN) is a promising target that helps integrate viral DNA with human DNA. It acts as a target for strand transfer inhibitors. However, the emergence of resistant mutations in the proteins necessitates the exploration of potent allosteric drugs. The allosteric integrase inhibitors (ALLINI) that interrupt the association of the integrase binding do-main of the lens epithelium growth factor (LEDGF/p75) and LEDGF/p75 binding site of the IN are more promising as they hinder site specificity and viral replication.

Objective:
In this study, a 3D-QSAR, molecular docking, and ADMET were carried out to investigate the binding of the C2-pyrazolopyrimidine amides and amide isosteres. Method: The 3D-QSAR model was developed using a series of 24 C-2 substituted pyrazolopyrimidine and amide isosteres. A statistically significant model was constructed, showing the determination coefficient (r2) and five-fold cross-validation (q2) at 0.946 and 0.506, respectively. Furthermore, the contour maps of the electrostatic potential and van der Waals coefficient provided structural modifications in the features to improve the inhibitory activity.

Result:
A molecular docking study was also performed to check the binding of the compounds to the LEDGF/p75 binding site of the IN, along with ADMET evaluation.

Conclusion:
The outcome of the study will help to prepare the potent molecules with enhanced allosteric inhibitory activity.
The Impact of Novel Lipid-Lowering Agents on Cardiovascular Risk Reduction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ray Rubela , Mahmood Arhum , Chaudhry Raheel , Masmoum Mohd Diya , Talha Muhammad , Siddiqui Fahad I. , Ullah Imdad 
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
Reducing the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the aim of
lipid-lowering therapy (ASCVD). It is commonly acknowledged that low-density lipoprotein
(LDL) is a major cause of ASCVD. Several online databases and search engines, such as Pub-
Med and the Cochrane Library, were used to conduct a thorough search.

Method:
This study included RCTs assessing the effect of PCSK9 inhibitors on cardiovascular
events. The RevMan 5.4 software was used to conduct the meta-analysis. This analysis included
nine RCTs in total.

Results:
Meta-analysis of the included studies showed that the levels of total cholesterol, LDL,
and triglycerides were reduced after the use of PCSK9 inhibitors, and HDL levels were increased,
which is good cholesterol. Most adverse cardiac events (MACE) were reduced after the
use of PCSK9 inhibitors.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, ezetimibe, a PCSK9 inhibitor added to statin therapy, further reduces
MACE risk without affecting all-cause mortality, even though statins already significantly reduce
major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality.