bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flood inundation mapping under climate change scenarios: insights from CMIP6
Authors: Sadiqzai Hazrat Younus , Khan Afed Ullah , Khan Fayaz Ahmad , Ullah Basir , Khan Jehanzeb 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
The present research endeavors to simulate daily stream flow by employing hydrologic and hydraulic modeling techniques to comprehensively assess the impact of climate change on flood risk. This investigation was conducted within the Shekhan basin, situated in the eighth zone of Jalalabad City, Afghanistan. The efficacy of the HEC-HMS model was meticulously evaluated for each individual flood event during both calibration (Jan/2015-October/2019) and validation (November/2019-July/2022) phases using various statistical performance indicators, notably the coefficient of determination (R2), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), and percent bias (PBIAS). During calibration, the HEC-HMS model yielded R2, NSE, and PBIAS values of 0.8795, 0.86, and 12%, respectively, while during validation, these metrics stood at 0.85, 0.8, and 9%, respectively. Among the five GCM models (INM-CM4-8, INM-CM5-0, MIROC6, MPI-ESM1-2-LR, MRI-ESM-2-0) examined, the MPI-ESM1-2-LR demonstrated superior performance based on Taylor Skill Score and Rating Metric analysis. Additionally, the HEC-SSP was employed to scrutinize precipitation frequency and to fit ranking distributions for GCM SSP245 and SSP585 scenarios. Subsequently, the aforementioned GCM data were utilized in hydrologic modeling to generate hydrographs for various return periods, while hydraulic modeling via the HEC-RAS 2D model facilitated the creation of flood inundation maps for different return periods.
Water hammer stress on water transmission line
Authors: Hariri Asli Kaveh , Falahatkar Shahram , Dayemi Gorabi Maryam 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

The present work investigated the pressure changes caused by water hammer through the georeferenced model to investigate the stress impact on water transmission lines. The results of the hydraulic analysis of the research showed that the sudden stop of the pumps in the transmission line 1,600 m in length caused negative pressures of −5 to −10 (bar). In pressure values close to −10 (bar), the water vaporization, cavitation, and separation of the column happened. The maximum pressure in the transmission line was calculated to be 43 (mH2O) and the minimum pressure in the transmission line was 10 (mH2O). The relative vacuum mentioned in the transmission line as a destructive factor caused two columns of steam and water to collide. The collision of two columns caused a great pressure that had the potential to destroy the transmission line. The research results showed that the maximum amount of elastic strain was equal to 16772E-7 mm/m. The equivalent stress beneath the pipe Q4 varied from 0.000 to 7E-2 m and the maximum stress value was 3.3535E7 (Pascal). The maximum amount of deformation or change in the shape and size of the pipe due to the applied stress (0.000–7E-2 m) was equivalent to 1.9287E5 m.
Iron Overload-induced Ferroptosis as a Target for Protection against Obliterative Bronchiolitis after Orthotopic Tracheal Transplantation in Mice
Authors: You Yun , Wang Guoliang , Cui Qi , Sun Xiangfu , Wan Li , Sun Quanchao 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
The major complication of Obliterative Bronchiolitis (OB) is
characterized by epithelial cell loss, fibrosis, and luminal occlusion of the terminal
small airways, which limits the long-term survival of the recipient after lung
transplantation. However, the underlying mechanisms are still not fully clarified. This
research aims to investigate whether iron overload-induced ferroptosis is involved in
OB development and provide a new target for OB prevention.

Materials and Methods:
Allograft orthotopic tracheal transplantation in mice was
applied in our study. Ferrostatin-1 and deferoxamine were administrated to inhibit
ferroptosis and get rid of ferric iron, while iron dextran was used to induce an iron
overload condition in the recipient. The histological examination, luminal occlusion
rate, collagen deposition, iron level, ferroptosis marker (GPX4, PTGS2), and
mitochondrial morphological changes of the graft were evaluated in mice.

Results:
Our research indicated that ferroptosis and iron overload contribute to OB
development, while ferroptosis inhibition and iron chelator could reverse the changes.
Iron overload exacerbated OB development after orthotopic tracheal transplantation
via promoting ferroptosis.

Conclusion:
Overall, this research demonstrated that iron overload-induced
ferroptosis is involved in OB, which may be a potential therapeutic target for OB after
lung transplantation.
Breast Milk Stem Cells in the Treatment of Neonatal Diseases
Authors: He Lu , Sun Zhihong , Zhao Congcong , Sun Huiqing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract::
Breast milk plays an important role in preventing and remission various acute and
chronic neonatal diseases. However, the mechanisms through which breast milk performs these effects
are still unclear. Recently, research has shown that breast milk contains previously undiscovered
cells, called breast milk stem cells (BMSCs), which have the potential for multiple differentiation.
These cells have been shown to be expressed in multiple organs and systems of infants after
ingestion. This study found that newborns who received BMSCs required a shorter treatment duration
and had a better prognosis than those who did not receive BMSCs. This suggests that BMSCs
may be able to treat a variety of neonatal diseases, and breast milk may play a role in preventing
and mitigating neonatal diseases through BMSCs. In this paper, we summarized the research
progress on BMSCs and their therapeutic effects on organs, the possible ways in which BMSCs
enter different organs and tissues of the human body, and detailed the types of diseases, modes of
action, and mechanisms that BMSCs may play a role in. We aim to pave the way for further clinical
and preclinical research on BMSCs, as well as the treatment of neonatal diseases with BMSCs,
to provide possible new therapeutic means for treating neonatal diseases and a variety of
other diseases.
Cognitive Alterations Associated with Remission and Alcohol Dependence Severity in Ethnically Diverse Patients of Siberia
Authors: Peshkovskaya Anastasia 
Published: June 2024

Background
Impaired cognition in individuals with alcohol dependence may be associated with increased relapse risk. It has been recorded in more than half of patients during six months after treatment. In certain ethnic groups, for example, Tuvinians, the indigenous people of Siberia, relapses occur in extremely short periods of one to three months after treatment. An approach currently used to treat alcohol dependence may be less effective for these patients.

Objective
The study aimed to investigate cognitive sequelae in indigenous Tuvinian patients with alcohol dependence.

Methods
The sample included 166 patients, 74 of indigenous ethnicity (Tuvinians) and 92 non-indigenous white patients. Data on inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, attention, and working memory were collected from all the patients and processed using cluster analysis. The clustering data were then complemented by indicators of disorder dynamics, impulsivity, and emotion regulation.

Results
The clustering procedure found groups with severe cognitive sequelae. More than four-fold attention decreased in 43.5% of non-indigenous patients, and more impaired cognitive flexibility was reported in 60.8% of indigenous patients. Groups with severe cognitive sequelae had higher impulsivity, maladaptive emotion regulation, more hospitalizations, faster disease progression, and shorter remissions. The latter was significantly reduced to 90 days on average in the severe group of indigenous patients versus 135 days of remission in the non-indigenous severe group.

Conclusion
Results obtained may advance tailored intervention in alcohol-dependent patients of the indigenous Tuvinian ethnicity. While little is still known about the alcohol dependence course and its consequences in the indigenous Tuvinians of Siberia, this study contributes to the global mental health knowledge and data on alcohol abuse and dependence in indigenous communities.
A Peaceful Rise: How China Sees its Global Role in 2024
Authors: Hasmath Reza 
Published: June 2024

On March 21, 2024, Dr. Reza Hasmath presented, A Peaceful Rise: How China Sees its Global Role in 2024. The presentation was followed by a question-and- answer period with questions from the audience and CASIS Vancouver executives. The key points discussed were the views of the Chinese population regarding international actors, their positioning in relation to Chinese international cooperation, their understanding of these relationships with Canada, and how Canada can play an important role in binding China to the West.

Received: 03-29-2024
Revised: 04-04-2024
Digital Lifestyle Interventions for Young People With Mental Illness: A Qualitative Study Among Mental Health Care Professionals
Authors: Sawyer Chelsea , Carney Rebekah , Hassan Lamiece , Bucci Sandra , Sainsbury John , Lovell Karina , Torous John , Firth Joseph 
Published: June 2024

Background
Given the physical health disparities associated with mental illness, targeted lifestyle interventions are required to reduce the risk of cardiometabolic disease. Integrating physical health early in mental health treatment among young people is essential for preventing physical comorbidities, reducing health disparities, managing medication side effects, and improving overall health outcomes. Digital technology is increasingly used to promote fitness, lifestyle, and physical health among the general population. However, using these interventions to promote physical health within mental health care requires a nuanced understanding of the factors that affect their adoption and implementation.

Objective
Using a qualitative design, we explored the attitudes of mental health care professionals (MHCPs) toward digital technologies for physical health with the goal of illuminating the opportunities, development, and implementation of the effective use of digital tools for promoting healthier lifestyles in mental health care.

Methods
Semistructured interviews were conducted with MHCPs (N=13) using reflexive thematic analysis to explore their experiences and perspectives on using digital health to promote physical health in youth mental health care settings.

Results
Three overarching themes from the qualitative analysis are reported: (1) motivation will affect implementation, (2) patients’ readiness and capability, and (3) reallocation of staff roles and responsibilities. The subthemes within, and supporting quotes, are described.

Conclusions
The use of digital means presents many opportunities for improving the provision of physical health interventions in mental health care settings. However, given the limited experience of many MHCPs with these technologies, formal training and additional support may improve the likelihood of implementation. Factors such as patient symptomatology, safety, and access to technology, as well as the readiness, acceptability, and capability of both MHCPs and patients to engage with digital tools, must also be considered. In addition, the potential benefits of data integration must be carefully weighed against the associated risks.
Stroke Survivors’ Interaction With Hand Rehabilitation Devices: Observational Study
Authors: Wodu Chioma Obinuchi , Sweeney Gillian , Slachetka Milena , Kerr Andrew 
Published: June 2024

Background
The hand is crucial for carrying out activities of daily living as well as social interaction. Functional use of the upper limb is affected in up to 55% to 75% of stroke survivors 3 to 6 months after stroke. Rehabilitation can help restore function, and several rehabilitation devices have been designed to improve hand function. However, access to these devices is compromised in people with more severe loss of function.

Objective
In this study, we aimed to observe stroke survivors with poor hand function interacting with a range of commonly used hand rehabilitation devices.

Methods
Participants were engaged in an 8-week rehabilitation intervention at a technology-enriched rehabilitation gym. The participants spent 50-60 minutes of the 2-hour session in the upper limb section at least twice a week. Each participant communicated their rehabilitation goals, and an Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) was used to measure and categorize hand function as poor (scores of 0-9), moderate (scores of 10-56), or good (score of 57). Participants were observed during their interactions with 3 hand-based rehabilitation devices that focused on hand rehabilitation: the GripAble, NeuroBall, and Semi-Circular Peg Board. Observations of device interactions were recorded for each session.

Results
A total of 29 participants were included in this study, of whom 10 (34%) had poor hand function, 17 (59%) had moderate hand function, and 2 (7%) had good hand function. There were no differences in the age and years after stroke among participants with poor hand function and those with moderate (P=.06 and P=.09, respectively) and good (P=.37 and P=.99, respectively) hand function. Regarding the ability of the 10 participants with poor hand function to interact with the 3 hand-based rehabilitation devices, 2 (20%) participants with an ARAT score greater than 0 were able to interact with the devices, whereas the other 8 (80%) who had an ARAT score of 0 could not. Their inability to interact with these devices was clinically examined, and the reason was determined to be a result of either the presence of (1) muscle tone or stiffness or (2) muscle weakness.

Conclusions
Not all stroke survivors with impairments in their hands can make use of currently available rehabilitation technologies. Those with an ARAT score of 0 cannot actively interact with hand rehabilitation devices, as they cannot carry out the hand movement necessary for such interaction. The design of devices for hand rehabilitation should consider the accessibility needs of those with poor hand function.
Investigating Acoustic and Psycholinguistic Predictors of Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: Modeling Study
Authors: Badal Varsha D , Reinen Jenna M , Twamley Elizabeth W , Lee Ellen E , Fellows Robert P , Bilal Erhan , Depp Colin A 
Published: June 2024

Background
About one-third of older adults aged 65 years and older often have mild cognitive impairment or dementia. Acoustic and psycho-linguistic features derived from conversation may be of great diagnostic value because speech involves verbal memory and cognitive and neuromuscular processes. The relative decline in these processes, however, may not be linear and remains understudied.

Objective
This study aims to establish associations between cognitive abilities and various attributes of speech and natural language production. To date, the majority of research has been cross-sectional, relying mostly on data from structured interactions and restricted to textual versus acoustic analyses.

Methods
In a sample of 71 older (mean age 83.3, SD 7.0 years) community-dwelling adults who completed qualitative interviews and cognitive testing, we investigated the performance of both acoustic and psycholinguistic features associated with cognitive deficits contemporaneously and at a 1-2 years follow up (mean follow-up time 512.3, SD 84.5 days).

Results
Combined acoustic and psycholinguistic features achieved high performance (F1-scores 0.73-0.86) and sensitivity (up to 0.90) in estimating cognitive deficits across multiple domains. Performance remained high when acoustic and psycholinguistic features were used to predict follow-up cognitive performance. The psycholinguistic features that were most successful at classifying high cognitive impairment reflected vocabulary richness, the quantity of speech produced, and the fragmentation of speech, whereas the analogous top-ranked acoustic features reflected breathing and nonverbal vocalizations such as giggles or laughter.

Conclusions
These results suggest that both acoustic and psycholinguistic features extracted from qualitative interviews may be reliable markers of cognitive deficits in late life.
Occurrence, Virulence and Drug Resistance Characterization of Non-typhoidal Salmonella in Poultry and Environmental Samples of Rewa City, India
Authors: Sharma S. , Dixit B. , Rawool D. , Singh R. V. , Shrivastav N. , Mishra A. K. , Kaushik A. , Dixit M. 
Published: June 2024

The Experiment was conducted during June–December, 2022 at Department of Veterinary Public Health & Epidemiolgy, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Rewa, NDVSU, Jabalpur, M.P. India. to attribute the possible risk of poultry and its product as an increasing cause for food borne Salmonellosis, a cross sectional study was carried out in poultry samples from Rewa city of Madhya Pradesh. A total of 300 sample (Poultry and environment) were collected and processed for isolation and identification of Salmonellae by culture, biochemical methods and molecular methods. Only poultry samples were found positive while all the environmental sample were negative. A total of 5.5% occurrence of Salmonella was found in poultry samples with 5% positivity in meat sample and 6% in the caecum. Two serotype Salmonella Typhimurium (4%) and Salmonella. Infantis (1.5%) were detected. Drug resistance pattern of isolated Salmonella indicated a very high resistance towards many of antibiotics which are critical for clinical use for animal, birds and humans as well. All the isolates were positive for Virulence marker invA, spiA, and drug resistance gene, blaTEM, while ampC and tetA were detected only in S. Typhimurium with 23 and 50 % positivity and spvR and spvC virulence genes were not detected in any isolated salmonella. As Non typhoidal Salmonella are of zoonotic importance, their presence in poultry meat and fecal samples, indicating the need to implement effective prevention and control measures throughout food chain that is from farm to fork level.
Effect of Micronutrient Seed Treatments on Nutrient Uptake by Bt Cotton in Vertisol
Authors: Kale A. S. , Patil V. D. , Garde A. P. 
Published: June 2024

The present investigation was carried out during the year June 2017 to January 2018 at Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India to study the effect of nutrient seed treatments on nutrient uptake, quality of Bt cotton and soil nutrient dynamics in vertisol. The field experiment was undertaken in a Randomized Block Design with nine treatments and three replications. The nutrient seed dressing treatments are absolute control, 100% NPK+Zinc Sulphate (ZnSo4), 100% NPK+Zn EDTA, 100% NPK+Borax (B), 100% NPK+Manganese Sulphate (MnSo4), 100% NPK+Sodium Molybdate (NaMo), 100% NPK+Copper Nitrate (CuNo3), 100% NPK+Ferrous Sulphate (FeSo4), 100% NPK+Fe EDTA seed application to Bt cotton. The maximum N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B and Mo uptake was recorded in the treatment 100 % NPK+Zn EDTA followed by 100% NPK+Fe EDTA treatment. In case of Mo uptake, the treatment 100 % NPK+Zn EDTA was significantly superior overall treatments except treatment 100% NPK+Fe EDTA and 100% NPK+Sodium Molybdate (NaMo). The minimum N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B and Mo uptake was recorded in the treatment Absolute control+100% NPK.
Novel dynamics of the Fokas-Lenells model in Birefringent fibers applying different integration algorithms
Authors: Jahan Mst. Ishrat , Ullah Mohammad Safi , Roshid Harun-Or , Rahman Zillur , Akter Rabeya 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The Fokas-Lenells model has broad applications in nonlinear physics when studying various soliton phenomena. Employing the direct algebraic scheme, the modified rational sine-cosine technique, and the (1/G′) expansion scheme, the analytical solutions to this model are derived. Double periodic waves, bright soliton, dark soliton, single and multiple breather waves, and periodic breather waves are extracted from this model using symbolic computation. The dynamic behaviors of the acquired outcomes are vividly illustrated through density, two-dimensional (2D), and three-dimensional (3D) graphical representations. These discoveries are strategically positioned to significantly contribute to the advancement in the exploration of nonlinear models, standing as a fundamental pillar for forthcoming research endeavors.
SecuGuard: Leveraging pattern-exploiting training in language models for advanced software vulnerability detection
Authors: Basharat Mahmoud , Omar Marwan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Identifying vulnerabilities within source code remains paramount in assuring software quality and security. This study introduces a refined semi-supervised learning methodology that capitalizes on pattern-exploiting training coupled with cloze-style interrogation techniques. The research strategy employed involves the training of a linguistic model on the Software Assurance Reference Dataset (SARD) and Devign datasets, which are replete with vulnerable code fragments. The training procedure entails obscuring specific segments of the code and subsequently prompting the model to ascertain the obfuscated tokens. Empirical analyses underscore the efficacy of our method in pinpointing vulnerabilities in source code, benefiting substantially from patterns discerned within the code fragments. This investigation underscores the potential of integrating pattern-exploiting training and cloze-based queries to enhance the precision of vulnerability detection within source code.
Innovations in Technical Systems
Authors: Kuznietsov Yurii , Shevchenko Oleksandr , Yurchyshyn Oksana 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In accordance with modern world trends in the field of higher education, technical creativity and a creative approach are gaining more and more importance as a system-forming factor of an effective educational process. Ensuring the proper level of study of modern methods of finding new technical solutions for the creation of new objects of technology in some places requires making fundamental changes in the educational process of domestic institutions of higher technical education. At the same time, such approaches are useful both for achieving the practical orientation of engineering education and for providing optimal conditions for the research activities of students of various levels.
Evaluation of the Quality Parameters of the Surface Layer of Parts After Machining with Plasma Heating
Authors: Ryazantsev Anton , Nechaev Vasyl , Rebrova Svitlana , Vorontsov Borys , Bondarenko Oleksij , Protasov Roman 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study aims to improve the technology for processing parts from hard-to-work materials, to study and substantiate the parameters of the plasma-assisted machining processing of surfaces of alloy steel parts to increase processing productivity and ensure the necessary quality of surface layers. Theoretical studies consist in determining the parameters of the thermal field of a workpiece during milling and turning with plasma heating. Experimental studies are based on a study of the interrelationship of the main indicators of machining with factors of preliminary plasma heating allowance.