bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Fate of Conventional Elephant Trunk in the Frozen Elephant Trunk Era
Authors: Geragotellis Alexander , Jubouri Matti , Al-Tawil Mohammed , Mohammed Idhrees , Bashir Mohamad , Hosseini Saeid 
Published: May 2024

AbstractConventional elephant trunk (cET) and frozen elephant trunk (FET) are two distinct approaches to the surgical treatment of thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections. With the advent and growing uptake of endovascular technologies, FET is becoming increasingly popular for its potential to be performed as a single-stage operation with better aortic remodeling and less risk of graft kinking than the traditional two-stage cET procedure. However, FET has been associated with a higher risk of spinal cord ischemia and its use in patients with connective tissue disorder remains controversial. The current review aimed to reflect on recent evidence surrounding the application of cET and FET to different types of aortic pathology in both acute and elective settings. Another scope of this review was to compare the characteristics of the currently available FET commercial devices on the global market. Our findings highlight that when the pathology is confined to the proximal descending aorta, such as in Dsine, intervention is often single-staged and false lumen (FL) thrombosis is achieved with good effect. FET remains limited by spinal cord injury and applicability in patients with connective tissue disorder, although some groups have started to circumvent associated complications, likely due to growing surgical expertise. Many other aortic diseases do require second-stage intervention, and even in these cases, there appears to be lower in-hospital mortality when using FET over cET. This is possibly due to the higher rate of endovascular completion facilitated by the completed landing zones created during FET. FET is trending toward becoming the universal treatment modality for extending repair to the descending aorta
Magnetic Resonance Elastography of Liver: Current Status and Future Directions
Authors: Chatterjee Argha , Miller Frank H. , Pang Emily 
Published: May 2024

AbstractChronic liver disease (CLD) has been recently recognized as a major public health priority. Assessment of presence and degree of liver fibrosis is critical to the management of CLD and traditionally required a liver biopsy. However, biopsy has many limitations including the risk of complications and sampling error. Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) has emerged as a noninvasive and highly accurate technique for evaluating liver fibrosis. In this comprehensive review, we will delve into the current uses and guidelines for the usage of MRE in CLD, highlighting its advantages and limitations.
Factors Influencing Integration and Usability of Model-Informed Precision Dosing Software in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Chai Ming G. , Roberts Natasha A. , Dobbins Chelsea , Roberts Jason A. , Cotta Menino O. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background Antimicrobial dosing in critically ill patients is challenging and model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) software may be used to optimize dosing in these patients. However, few intensive care units (ICU) currently adopt MIPD software use.
Objectives To determine the usability of MIPD software perceived by ICU clinicians and identify implementation barriers and enablers of software in the ICU.
Methods Clinicians (pharmacists and medical staff) who participated in a wider multicenter study using MIPD software were invited to participate in this mixed-method study. Participants scored the industry validated Post-study System Usability Questionnaire (PSSUQ, assessing software usability) and Technology Acceptance Model 2 (TAM2, assessing factors impacting software acceptance) survey. Semistructured interviews were used to explore survey responses. The framework approach was used to identify factors influencing software usability and integration into the ICU from the survey and interview data.
Results Seven of the eight eligible clinicians agreed to participate in the study. The PSSUQ usability scores ranked poorer than the reference norms (2.95 vs. 2.62). The TAM2 survey favorably ranked acceptance in all domains, except image. Qualitatively, key enablers to workflow integration included clear and accessible data entry, visual representation of recommendations, involvement of specialist clinicians, and local governance of software use. Barriers included rigid data entry systems and nonconformity of recommendations to local practices.
Conclusion Participants scored the MIPD software below the threshold that implies good usability. Factors such as availability of software support by specialist clinicians was important to participants while rigid data entry was found to be a deterrent.
Strain analysis of acrylic pipe under liquid storage pressure
Authors: Dai Changlin , Ma Haichun , Qian Jiazhong , Li Jianping 
Published: May 2024

Pipeline transportation is an important engineering component, which is widely used in transporting gas and liquid resources. The safety of the pipeline became the central point of this study. Pipeline deformation caused by liquid storage pressure is of great significance to the safety of pipeline engineering. Previous studies mainly focused on pipe deformation under ring force and less on deformation caused by internal liquid. In this paper, the theoretical results of strain distribution are derived based on elastic mechanics, and the strain distribution equation is established. The effects of the liquid storage pressure, pipe diameter, and pipe length on pipe strain are investigated experimentally. The experimental results are in agreement with the equation. It is found that the strain increases linearly with the increase in reservoir pressure. Under the same length, the larger the pipe diameter is, the larger the pipe strain is when the pipe diameter is 5–10 mm. In the range of 10–15 mm, the average strain is basically unchanged. Under the same pipe diameter, the pipe length has little effect on the average strain. The strain is greatest in the middle of the pipeline and decreases gradually to both sides. The results have important guiding significance for pipeline protection and stress corrosion prevention.
Incubation temperature affects growth and efficacy of white-rot fungi to improve the nutritive value of rice straw
Authors: Hai T. T. , Peer A. van , Cone J. W. , Schonewille J. T. , Baars J. J. P. , Phung L. D. , Hendriks W. H. 
Published: May 2024

Context A great body of evidence is available on the in vitro efficacy of white-rot fungi (WRF) to degrade lignin in fibre-rich biomass (e.g. wheat straw, wood chips and rice straw (RS)) and improve the biomass’ nutritive value for ruminants. Aims Determining the impact of incubation temperature of three WRF to improve the nutritional value of rice straw. Methods Growth of Ceriporiopsis subvermispora, Lentinula edodes and Pleurotus eryngii on RS for 26 days at the following six temperature regimes: continuous at 24°C, 30°C, 35°C and 40°C, and 3 days at 35°C and 40°C, with subsequent days at 24°C. In a follow-up experiment, improvement in fermentability in buffered rumen fluid of RS treated by the three WRF at 24°C and 30°C for up to 8 weeks was investigated. Key results All three fungi grew at temperatures up to 35°C, with no growth observed at 40°C, with C. subvermispora being more temperature sensitive. There were significant differences in cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin degradation of RS at 24°C and 30°C, with C. subvermispora degrading 69% and 90% of the hemicellulose and lignin respectively at 30°C, greater than at 24°C (55% and 80% respectively). For L. edodes, there were significant differences in cellulose degradation between 24°C and 30°C, with 12% more degradation at 30°C, but not for hemicellulose and lignin. In vitro gas production showed no significant differences between the two incubation temperatures for either of the two fungi. Pleurotus eryngii treatment did not show any improvement in terms of in vitro gas production. Conclusions Treatment of RS with L. edodes and C. subvermispora, but not P. eryngii, is robust and temperature changes will not have a major impact on their efficacy as long as the temperature remains below 30°C. Implications Temperature during the incubation of WRF with rice straw needs to be below 30°C for this biotechnology to be applied in practice.
Quantum scaling of the spin lattice relaxation rate in the checkerboard J-Q model
Authors: Li Chengchen , Lin Huihang , Yu Rong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Motivated by recent progress on the experimental realization of proximate deconfined quantum critical point in a frustrated quantum magnet, we study the low-energy spin dynamics of a related checkerboard J-Q model by using quantum Monte Carlo simulations. The ground state of this model undergoes a weakly first-order quantum phase transition with an emergent O(4) symmetry between an antiferromagnetic state and a plaquette valence bond solid. The calculated spin lattice relaxation rate of nuclear magnetic resonance,

1

/

T
1

, exhibits distinct low-temperature behaviors depending on the ground states. With decreasing the temperature,

1

/

T
1

rises up on the antiferromagnetic side, characterizing a crossover to the renormalized classical regime, whereas

1

/

T
1

drops exponentially on the side of valence bond solid, reflecting the gap opening in the plaquette ordered phase. The extracted spin gap scales with the distance to the transition point as a power-law with an exponent φ ≈ 0.3, consistent with the scaling ansatz

ϕ
=
ν
z

with ν ≈ 0.3 and z = 1. Near the quantum phase transition, the temperature dependent

1

/

T
1

shows a broad crossover regime where a universal scaling

1

/

T
1

∼

T

η

with η ≈ 0.6 is found. Our results suggest a quantum scaling regime associated with the emergent enhanced symmetry near this first-order quantum phase transition.
Influence of cement and water content on the multifaceted capabilities of a self-sensing cement-based geocomposite: a comprehensive analysis
Authors: Abedi Mohammadmahdi , Roshan Mohammad Jawed , Adresi Mostafa , Meddah Mohammed Seddik , Han Baoguo , Fangueiro Raul , Gomes Correia António 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the synergistic effects of cement, water, and hybrid carbon nanotubes/graphene nanoplatelets (CNT/GNP) concentrations on the mechanical, microstructural, durability, and piezoresistive properties of self-sensing cementitious geocomposites. Varied concentrations of cement (8% to 18%), water (8% to 16%), and CNT/GNP (0.1% to 0.34%, 1:1) were incorporated into cementitious stabilized sand (CSS). Mechanical characterization involved compression and flexural tests, while microstructural analysis utilized dry density, apparent porosity, water absorption, and non-destructive ultrasonic testing, alongside TGA, SEM, EDS, and x-ray diffraction analyses. The durability of the composite was also assessed against 180 Freeze-thaw cycles. Moreover, the piezoresistive behavior of the nano-reinforced CSS was analyzed during cyclic flexural and compressive loading using the four-probe method. The optimal carbon nanomaterials (CNM) content was found to depend on the water and cement ratios. Generally, elevating the water content led to a rise in the CNM optimal concentration, primarily attributed to improved dispersion and adequate water for the cement hydration process. The maximum increments in flexural and compressive strengths, compared to plain CSS, were significant, reaching up to approximately 30% for flexural strength and 41% for compressive strength, for the specimen containing 18% cement, 12% water, and 0.17% CNM. This improvement was attributed to the nanoparticles’ pore-filling function, acceleration of hydration, regulation of free water, and facilitation of crack-bridging mechanisms in the geocomposite. Further decreases in cement and water content adversely impacted the piezoresistive performance of the composite. Notably, specimens containing 8% cement (across all water content variations) and 10% cement (with 8% and 12% water content) showed a lack of piezoresistive responses. In contrast, specimens containing 14% and 18% cement displayed substantial sensitivity, evidenced by elevated gauge factors, under loading conditions.
Research on a dedicated thin-film thermocouple testing system for transient temperature measurement
Authors: Xie Yingnan , Cui Yunxian , Wang Haoyu , Feng Wenrui 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The thin-film thermocouple (TFTC) is featured on small heat capacity and rapid response speed for transient temperature measurements under narrow space and difficult installation. Consequently, we propose a novel transient temperature testing system specifically designed for TFTC. This system features signal conditioning circuits with extended bandwidth and superior transfer speeds, a cold junction compensation method that supports customizable indexing tables, and an adaptive data filtering approach that precisely balances the smoothing of steady-state data with rapid responsiveness to transient data. This approach effectively mitigating the measurement distortion of transient temperature signals and the nonlinear phenomenon in cold junction compensation for TFTC. Utilizing NiCr/NiSi TFTC, we evaluated the system’s accuracy, demonstrating a precision range of −0.5 °C–0.25 °C within 20 °C–100 °C, and a response delay under 0.1 ms. Compared to traditional thermocouple measurement systems, our system exhibits a finer time-domain resolution. Lastly, we successfully applied this system to observe the response of TFTC under the thermal load of short-pulse laser shocks, measuring a time constant of only 1.16 ms for the TFTC. This novel transient temperature testing system provides a new approach for TFTC to achieve online dynamic measurement and online calibration, and provides technical support for TFTC measurement technology towards engineering applications.
A review on droplet-based 3D printing with piezoelectric micro-jet device
Authors: Feng Yuming , Liu Junkao , Deng Jie , Zhang Shijing , Liu Yingxiang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The droplet-based 3D printing with piezoelectric micro-jet device (PMJD), also known as fabrication with droplet ejection, has shown its unique advantages exceeding typical processing in direct rapid manufacturing of miniature and complicated metal parts, function components, and other heterogeneous devices. Recently, the droplet-based 3D printing with higher printing velocity, controllable precision and smaller printing volume is need more and more in additive manufacturing fields, which promotes the development of the droplet-based printing technology to a faster, accurate and flexible direction. In this regard, the droplet-based 3D printing with PMJD has received a lot of attentions from universities, enterprises, and other research institutes. In this review, based on introducing the droplet-based 3D printing technologies, we will clarify the advantages of droplet-based 3D printing, especially the droplet ejection with PMJD. Then, the connections and differences between the ejection of non-metallic droplets and metal droplets based on piezoelectric micro-jet are also clarified, meanwhile, the challenges, such as the consistency, reliability, and stability of piezoelectric actuated droplet ejection, are concluded and analyzed. In general, the future developments of droplet-based 3D printing technology are prospected, and the review can provide some further references for the related works.
A thermo-mechanical constitutive model for triple-shape and two-way shape memory polymers
Authors: Gu Jianping , Wang Changchun , Zeng Hao , Duan Hao , Wan Mengqi , Sun Huiyu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Semicrystalline polymers often have diverse molecular configurations in response to the variation of temperature, making it easier to realize multiple or two-way shape memory effects (SMEs). In order to provide guidance for the design of relevant smart structures, it is necessary to develop corresponding constitutive models to better characterize the thermal-mechanical behavior of such shape memory polymers (SMPs). For the first time, a thermo-mechanical finite deformation constitutive model is presented to reveal the deformation mechanism of the triple-shape two-way SME of semicrystalline SMPs in our work, based on the theory of thermodynamics with internal state variables. To verify the validity of the model, the model results are compared with the test data for a typical shape memory cycle. It is found that the model can be employed to describe the non-equilibrium response of semicrystalline SMPs with two types of crystallites in the vicinity of crystallization and melting. Since the model results fit well with the test data, the effectiveness of the model in predicting the triple two-way shape memory behavior is demonstrated.
Analysing the pan flute: a strategy for understanding sound
Authors: Martínez Victoria R P 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article analyses the application of a didactic strategy through the inquiry methodology, managing to relate topics of interest to students such as music and the physical concepts dealt with in the theme of waves and their characteristics, specifically sound. The main objective is the understanding of terms related to sound such as: frequency, tone, speed and air columns from the construction of a musical instrument, specifically the pan flute. An inquiry methodology was used, for Camacho, Casilla & Franco [1] “inquiry is defined as those activities that lead students to make observations; ask questions; examine books and other sources of information; thinking investigations; review what is known in light of experimental or experiential evidence, collect, analyse and interpret data; propose questions, explanations, predictions, communicate and socialize the results product of the systematic processes developed.” Following this methodology, the students carried out research on how to make a pan flute, encouraging their curiosity and reaching viable solutions that would allow pleasant sounds. The construction of the prototype occurred with easy-to-acquire materials, including the necessary attachments to obtain the desired sound. Finally, it is determined what is the frequency achieved with flutes made of different materials, theoretically and through an App, managing to establish relationships between physical concepts and those referring to music to determine the best way to build a pan flute for educational purposes.
Special relativity at Czech schools: a half-century comparison
Authors: Kočišová P , Richterek L , Slaměník L 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this contribution, we present the results of one bachelor and one master theses both devoted to the teaching of special relativity at an upper-secondary or intro-university level in the Czech Republic. We compare the test results of the grammar-school students in the school years 1976/1977 and 2021/2022, which are close to average and very similar in both cases, so the level of understanding has not changed in the meantime. We also present a set of interactive spacetime diagrams used in the preparation of future physics teachers within our relativity course.
Elementarizing quantum algorithms: clarification of the internal structure and preliminary learning outcomes
Authors: Zuccarini Giacomo , Malgieri Massimiliano , Sutrini Claudio , Macchiavello Chiara 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introducing elements of quantum information and computation in the secondary school curriculum is a trend which has very recently emerged in physics education. In this paper we describe a tentative elementarization scheme for the information processing phase of quantum algorithms, and report on a preliminary evaluation of its feasibility on Italian self-selected secondary school students in distance learning. While the test was conducted on a very small sample in special conditions, this work of clarification promoted a consistent understanding of the algorithmic structure in informational terms and, at least partially, in physical ones. The feasibility test had for us a positive outcome, which led to refinements of the approach and further tests, also on curricular teaching, which were performed from 2022 onwards.
Principles and Equations of Physics: a multidisciplinary laboratory
Authors: Giliberti Marco , Albanese Flavio , Lovisetti Luisa 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In the last two academical years, as part of the Italian Ministry plan PLS – “Piano Lauree Scientifiche” (Scientific Degree Plan), two courses for high school students and teachers consisting in some interdisciplinary and transversal online meetings have been proposed. They regarded the three principles of dynamics, the law of universal gravitation and Maxwell’s equations. “Variations” around these topics were also presented – of historical, philosophical and also of musical nature – to make the cultural setting of what has been discussed deeper and make it meaningful in the present. At the end of each course, students produced a video of few minutes with a personal reworking and rethinking of the meaning of one of the topics discussed.
Assessing the prior knowledge of students in physics minors
Authors: Schmitt Kevin , Spatz Verena 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The number of students who give up science and engineering in the first semesters is regrettably high. While there is empirical evidence of the relationship between (lack of) prior knowledge in mathematics and dropout among students with a compulsory minor in physics, there are - to our knowledge - no studies on the relevance of prior knowledge in physics. Therefore, we constructed a knowledge test and statistically validated the results of two pilot studies in consecutive semesters with students from different physics minor programs (n = 643). In this article, we briefly introduce the structure of the test, consisting of three sections (knowledge of facts, knowledge of meaning, application of knowledge) and the corresponding test parameters. Furthermore, we summarise the first empirical results using descriptive methods. For this purpose, violin plots were created to analyze similarities or differences in the response behaviour of the subgroups. Moreover, an analysis of classical statistics was carried out, e.g. pairwise Mann-Whitney-U tests for comparing sample subgroups.
Our results show that subgroups in the overall sample significantly differ in their test results depending on their faculty affiliation.