bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why Chinese “Society” is So Called: How Social and Managerial Discourse Caused the Choice of the Word at the Turn of the 19th and 20th Centuries
Authors: Kremnyov E. V. 
Published: April 2024

Introduction. The purpose of this article is to investigate the reasons for the choice of the term “shehui” to designate the concept of “society” in China at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The research novelty of the work is manifested in the complex analysis of social and managerial discourse of that time and in the identification of factors that influenced the terminological choice. The relevance of the study is conditioned by the necessity to understand the processes of formation of social sciences in China, which is important for the interpretation of modern socio-political processes in the country, including in the context of modern sociology of management. This is especially important for Russian sociology, since its area of interest includes the search for mutually beneficial strategies of interaction between Russian and Chinese societies. And this is impossible without studying China's approaches to managing the country's development processes, its internal and external social relations. Methodology and sources. The study applies a system-historical approach, as well as discursive, terminological, etymographic and factor analysis. The paper analyzes classical Chinese texts and works of Chinese enlighteners of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and also uses some materials collected by modern researchers, in particular, by N.M. Kalyuzhnaya. Results and discussion. The main results of the study were the identification and analysis of factors (including internal political, social, foreign policy and linguistic factors) that determined the social and managerial discourse of the period under study and the choice in favor of “shehui” among the main terms competing for the right to designate the concept of “society”. Author pointed out that the process of formation of social and managerial discourse was in line with the gradual decline in the influence of traditionalism and strengthening of the ideas of anti-monarchism, people's power and self-government. Conclusion. Author emphasized that the term “shehui” became one of the key terms in the social and managerial discourse of China at the turn of the century, reflecting global socio[1]political trends. The choice of this term is the result of a complex interaction of various factors in the formation of discursive practices, which themselves were further modified under the influence of the term and its derivatives.
Lighting design method of a football stadium considering visualization
Authors: U Hyok-Chol 
Published: April 2024

This research is about implementation of visualization to evaluate and correct lighting state and characteristics of lighting engineering on computers in lighting design of football pitch considering shelter and tower.
The visualization of architectural lighting and ornament with lamplights designs has not been studied in detail until now in the world, and the method of visualization design for achieving FIFA standards in asymmetric four-tower football stadium lighting is described in the light mode and under the brief introduction by the lighting simulation programs DIALux and Relux..
Feeding Activity of Heliotis armigera Hubner Larvae on Food Formulated with Ethanol Extracts of Bitter Melon Leaves (Momordica charantia L.), Galangal Leaves (Lactuna indica L.) and Adjuvant Agrestic
Authors: Nursal  , Arlen Hanel Jhon  
Published: April 2024

The research on the Feeding Activity of Heliotis armigera Hubner larvae on food formulated with ethanol extracts of bitter melon leaves (Momordica charantia L.), galangal leaves (Lactuna indica L.) and adjuvant agrestic has been conducted. This study used the ratio formulation of bitter melon and galangal (1:1, 1:2, 2:1), 1% adtjuvan agristik. The feeding activity was observed using the feeding method with several concentrations (0.00, 0.58, 1.16, 1.74, 2.32, 2.92) and 15 larvae for iterations using a completely randomized design (CRD). The data from the observations were analyzed using variance; if there were differences, it would proceed to the Duncan test of 5%. Insect feeding activity is influenced by food containing concentrations of 1.16% - 2.92% of a formulation (1:1, 1:2, 2:1) of bitter melon leaf extract, galangal leaf extract, and 1% agrestic adjuvant, leading to a decrease in insect growth rate (RGR). The insect's feeding ability (RCR), ability to convert consumed food into usable nutrients (ECI), and ability to digest food and utilize it (ECD) are also reduced. Conversely, the ability to digest insect food (AD) is increased. The best formulation and concentration are (2:1) and (1.74%).
Amicus Curiae Brief Presented to the Inter-American Court of Human Rights in Relation to its Advisory Opinion on the Climate Emergency and Human Rights
Authors: Campbell-Duruflé Christopher , Duhaime Bernard 
Published: April 2024

<div>The authors respectfully submit the following information in their capacity as <em>amici curiae </em>in response to the call for submissions made by the Honourable Inter-American Court of Human Rights (Court) regarding Chile and Colombia’s request for an advisory opinion with respect to the Climate Emergency and Human Rights.1 The authors focus on the three following propositions that arise from this Honourable Court’s landmark advisory opinion <em>The Environment and Human Rights </em>(OC-23/17): </div>
<div>A. States’ obligation to prevent significant harm or damage to the environment, including harm that may involve a violation of the rights to life and to personal integrity, within or outside national territory, <em>is directly applicable to States’ response to climate change, including mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, adapting to climate impacts, addressing climate-induced loss and damage, and supporting developing countries. </em></div>
<div>B. The notion of Climate Emergency is legally distinct from that of public emergencies that allow the suspension of certain basic rights to address exceptional situations such as wars, public dangers, or national security threats. Rather, <em>it transforms States’ obligation to prevent significant harm or damage to the environment into a climate emergency action obligation. </em></div>
<div>C. Fulfilling the climate emergency action obligation contributes to preventing future pandemics and to protecting the human rights of vulnerable groups in the context of pandemics. In this context, <em>the “One Health” approach, which envisions the health of people, animals, and the environment as fully integrated, is directly relevant to defining and to implementing States’ climate emergency action obligation. </em></div>
<p><em><strong>October 1, 2023</strong></em></p>
Institusionalisasi Partai Golongan Karya Pasca Reformasi
Authors: Usboko Ignasius - 
Published: April 2024

Konsolidasi demokrasi di Indonesia termasuk di Daerah Nusa Tenggara Timur diindikasi oleh kinerja ekonomi dan politik dalam rezim demokrasi, hubungan sipil – militer dan pelembagaan partai politik. Pelembagaan partai ini menjadi penting dikaji terutama bagaimana derajat kesisteman khusus pengambilan keputusan dan pengetahuan publik khusus ruang dukungan partai golkar. Tujuan kajian adalah mengetahui pengambilan keputusan terhadap calon pemimpin dan pemetaan ruang dukungan partai Golkar. Penyusun mengkaji menggunakan metode studi pustaka.
Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pelembagaan partai Golkar dalam hal pengambilan keputusan dimana adanya pendasaran konstitusi partai Golkar meskipun tidak cukup mempertimbangkan usulan dewan pimpinan daerah menyangkut calon gubernur dan pemetaan ruang dukungan dimana persebaran dukungan cukup signifikan pada 11 kabupaten/kota dari 22 kabupaten/kota di Nusa Tenggara Timur. Hal ini berarti partai Golkar eksis dan terlembaga dengan cukup baik. Saran bahwa Partai Golkar perlu secara konsisten menaati konstitusi Partai dengan mempertimbangkan usulan calon pemimpin secara baik sehingga ada dukungan maksimal seluruh anggota partai dan ruang dukungan yang ada perlu dimaksimalkan melalui pelaksanaan program partai secara continue dan memperluas ruang dukungan ke 11 kabupaten lain secara cukup signifikan agar eksis pada tiap pemilu.

Kata Kunci : Partai Golongan Karya, Pelembagaan Partai Politik.
تأثير برنامجین تدربین على تحسین رداءة النوم وقدرة الجهاز التنفسي في البالغين في منتصف العمر
Authors: Rahil Abubaker Mohammed  
Published: April 2024

الملخص

النوم حالة إيقاعية نشطة ومعقدة قد تتأثر بزیادة الوزن (البدانة) و بعملية الشيخوخة. وأستخدم الباحث المنهج التدريبي وتطبیق الاختبار (القبلي – البعدي) إذ تکونت عینة البحث من (24) من الرجال البالغين تتراوح أعمارهم بين 30-50 عامًا تم تقسيمهم عشوائيًا إلى مجموعتين تجريبية (التدريب المستمر و التدريب الفتري المنخفض الشدة ) ومجموعة الضابطة. في كل مجموعة ، تم اختيار 8 من عینة البحث بناءً على معايير التضمين والاستبعاد (مثل ، بدون توقف التنفس أثناء النوم ، وعدم التدخين ، وعدم تناول الأدوية المنومة). وکذلك ، تم تقييم جميع الأشخاص من قبل طبيب لتأكيد صحتهم الجسدية والعقلية. أيضًا ، تم الحصول على الحد الأقصى لمعدل ضربات القلب (MaxHR) للأشخاص عن طريق طرح عمر الفرد من 220. علاوة على ذلك ، بناءً على نوع التمارين الهوائية تم تحدید (50-60٪ MaxHR لمجموعة التدريب المستمر و 60-70٪ MaxHR لمجموعة التدريب الفتري المنخفض الشدة). يتألف بروتوكول التمرين من 12 أسابيع من التمارين الهوائية (ثلاث جلسات في الأسبوع) ومن أجل قياس جودة النوم تم استخدام مؤشر جودة النوم في بيتسبرغ (PSQI)، وتم إجراء اختبارات وظائف الجهاز التنفسي لقياس قدرة الجهاز التنفسي. وتمت معالجة النتائج: في مرحلة الاختبار القبلي أظهرت النتائج عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين المجموعتين التجريبية و الضابطة في جودة النوم ومكوناته وأیضا في قدرة الجهاز التنفسي (P> 0.05). من ناحية أخرى أظهرت نتائج المرحلة لاختبار البعدی وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين المجموعتين التجريبية و الضابطة في هذه المتغيرات (P <0.05). كما أظهر Tukey Post Hoc أن درجات مجموعة التدريب الفتري المنخفض الشدة في نوعية جودة النوم ومكوناته كانت أفضل من المجموعات الأخرى (P <0.05).
Coverage and usage of insecticidal treated bed-nets for preventing malaria in four peri-urban communities of Ijebu-North, Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Adekunle N. O. , Mogaji O. H. , Oladunjoye Y. R. , Adeleke T. M. , Salisu F. T. , Agbolade O. , Agbolade M. O. 
Published: April 2024

Sleeping under insecticidal treated bed-nets has been proven as an effective tool towards preventing mosquito bites and malaria but the burden of malaria cases seems to be on the increase. This study therefore assessed the limiting factors associated with ownership and usage of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) in four periurban communities in Ogun State, Nigeria. A total of 499 residents above age 15, were recruited and interviewed at the healthcare facilities in the selected communities using a well-structured questionnaire. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 version for descriptive and chisquare statistics, with significance set at 95%. Of the 499 residents, 72.1% (360/499) owned at least one LLIN, while only 56.7% (204/360) affirmed to sleeping under the bed net. Heat was a major reason for non-usage, 70/135 (51.9%) followed by harboring dust 40/135 (29.6%), skin irritation 16/135 (11.9%) and problem of hanging nets 2/135 (1.5%). There were significance differences between the challenges in the use of LLIN by the respondents and the peri-urban communities (p= 0.000). Majority of the respondents also reported LLIN abuse; 59/93 (63.4%) used them as window or door nets, 13/93 (13.9%) and 13/93 (13.9%) used them as fishing nets and as sieves and sponges respectively. Other uses included using it as a means of protection against rodents on the farm and as football goal nets. There was no significance difference between the abuse of LLINs by the respondents and the peri-urban communities (p= 0.209). The non-usage and abuse of LLIN will dampen the efforts targeted at controlling malaria in the southwestern region of Nigeria. It is therefore important that malaria control programmes incorporate health awareness campaigns targeted at promoting usage and disapproving the abuse of LLINs
CO2 supply is a powerful tool to control homoacetogenesis, chain elongation and solventogenesis in ethanol and carboxylate fed reactor microbiomes
Authors: de Leeuw Kasper D. , van Willigen Marius J. W. , Vrauwdeunt Ton , Strik David P. P. T. B. 
Published: April 2024

Anaerobic fermentation technology enables the production of medium chain carboxylates and alcohols through microbial chain elongation. This involves steering reactor microbiomes to yield desired products, with CO2 supply playing a crucial role in controlling ethanol-based chain elongation and facilitating various bioprocesses simultaneously. In the absence of CO2 supply (Phase I), chain elongation predominantly led to n-caproate with a high selectivity of 96 Cmol%, albeit leaving approximately 80% of ethanol unconverted. During this phase, C. kluyveri and Proteiniphilum-related species dominated the reactors. In Phase II, with low CO2 input (2.0 NmL L−1 min−1), formation of n-butyrate, butanol, and hexanol was stimulated. Increasing CO2 doses in Phase III (6 NmL L−1 min−1) led to CO2 utilization via homoacetogenesis, coinciding with the enrichment of Clostridium luticellarii, a bacterium that can use CO2 as an electron acceptor. Lowering CO2 dose to 0.5 NmL L−1 min−1 led to a shift in microbiome composition, diminishing the dominance of C. luticellarii while increasing C. kluyveri abundance. Additionally, other Clostridia, Proteiniphilum, and Lactobacillus sakei-related species became prevalent. This decrease in CO2 load from 6 to 0.5 NmL L−1 min−1 minimized excessive ethanol oxidation from 30%–50% to 0%–3%, restoring a microbiome favoring net n-butyrate consumption and n-caproate production. The decreased ethanol oxidation coincided with the resurgence of hydrogen formation at partial pressures above 1%. High concentrations of butyrate, caproate, and ethanol in the reactor, along with low acetate concentration, promoted the formation of butanol and hexanol. It is evident that CO2 supply is indispensable for controlling chain elongation in an open culture and it can be harnessed to stimulate higher alcohol formation or induce CO2 utilization as an electron acceptor.
Design of an endoscopic OCT probe based on piezoelectric tube with quartered outside electrodes
Authors: Hu Jinyuan , Wu Sujian , Shi Guohua , Fan Jinyu , Yu Haoyang , Chen Sixu 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a pivotal imaging modality in ophthalmology for real-time, in vivo visualization of retinal structures. To enhance the capability and safety of OCT, this study focuses on the development of a micro intraocular OCT probe. The demand for minimal invasiveness and precise imaging drives the need for advanced probe designs that can access tight and sensitive areas, such as the ocular sclera.Methods: A novel OCT probe was engineered using a piezoelectric tube with quartered electrodes to drive Lissajous scanning movements at the end of a single-mode fiber. This design allows the probe to enter the eyeball through a scleral opening. Structural innovation enables the outer diameter of the endoscopic OCT probe to be adjusted from 13G (2.41 mm) to 25G (0.51 mm), accommodating various imaging field sizes and ensuring compatibility with different scleral incisions.Results: The fabricated micro intraocular OCT probe successfully performed preliminary imaging experiments on in vivo fingers. The Lissajous scanning facilitated comprehensive coverage of the target area, enhancing the imaging capabilities.Discussion: The integration of a piezoelectric tube with quartered outside electrodes into the OCT probe design proved effective for achieving precise control over scanning movements and adaptability to different surgical needs. The design characteristics and practical applications demonstrated the probe’s potential in clinical settings.
A bio-fabricated tesla valves and ultrasound waves-powered blood plasma viscometer
Authors: Chen Wenqin , Xia Mao , Zhu Wentao , Xu Zhiye , Cai Bo , Shen Han 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: There is clinical evidence that the fresh blood viscosity is an important indicator in the development of vascular disorder and coagulation. However, existing clinical viscosity measurement techniques lack the ability to measure blood viscosity and replicate the in-vivo hemodynamics simultaneously.Methods: Here, we fabricate a novel digital device, called Tesla valves and ultrasound waves-powered blood plasma viscometer (TUBPV) which shows capacities in both viscosity measurement and coagulation monitoring.Results: Based on the Hagen-Poiseuille equation, viscosity analysis can be faithfully performed by a video microscopy. Tesla-like channel ensured unidirectional liquid motion with stable pressure driven that was triggered by the interaction of Tesla valve structure and ultrasound waves. In few seconds the TUBPV can generate an accurate viscosity profile on clinic fresh blood samples from the flow time evaluation. Besides, Tesla-inspired microchannels can be used in the real-time coagulation monitoring.Discussion: These results indicate that the TUBVP can serve as a point-of-care device in the ICU to evaluate the blood’s viscosity and the anticoagulation treatment.
Polyhydroxy structure orchestrates the intrinsic antibacterial property of acrylamide hydrogel as a versatile wound-healing dressing
Authors: Zhang Lu , Tang Yu-Jiao , Zhang Wen-Qing , Wang Jian , Cai Yu-Jian , Qin Tian-Yi , Zhang Deteng , Wang Zhao-Hui , Wang Ya-Long 
Published: April 2024

Hydrogel is considered as a promising candidate for wound dressing due to its tissue-like flexibility, good mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, traditional hydrogel dressings often fail to fulfill satisfied mechanical, antibacterial, and biocompatibility properties simultaneously, due to the insufficient intrinsic bactericidal efficacy and the addition of external antimicrobial agents. In this paper, hydroxyl-contained acrylamide monomers, N-Methylolacrylamide (NMA) and N-[Tris (hydroxymethyl)methyl] acrylamide (THMA), are employed to prepare a series of polyacrylamide hydrogel dressings xNMA-yTHMA, where x and y represent the mass fractions of NMA and THMA in the hydrogels. We have elucidated that the abundance of hydroxyl groups determines the antibacterial effect of the hydrogels. Particularly, hydrogel 35NMA-5THMA exhibits excellent mechanical properties, with high tensile strength of 259 kPa and large tensile strain of 1737%. Furthermore, the hydrogel dressing 35NMA-5THMA demonstrates remarkable inherent antibacterial without exogenous antimicrobial agents owing to the existence of abundant hydroxyl groups. Besides, hydrogel dressing 35NMA-5THMA possesses excellent biocompatibility, in view of marginal cytotoxicity, low hemolysis ratio, and negligible inflammatory response and organ toxicity to mice during treatment. Encouragingly, hydrogel 35NMA-5THMA drastically promote the healing of bacteria-infected wound in mice. This study has revealed the importance of polyhydroxyl in the antibacterial efficiency of hydrogels and provided a simplified strategy to design wound healing dressings with translational potential.
Using sectional blasting to improve the efficiency of making cut cavities in underground mine workings
Authors: Lozynskyi Vasyl , Yussupov Khalidilla , Rysbekov Kanay , Rustemov Serikbay , Bazaluk Oleg 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The research concerns how making cut cavities improves drilling and blasting operations as well as the optimum parameters to arrange both snubber and auxiliary blastholes.Methods: The research methods include experimental and industrial activities to identify the optimum depth of the first-section snubber blastholes relative to the second-section blastholes. It also identifies optimum parameters of the snubber blastholes while driving mine workings and ore breaking in stopes with different mine working sections and different rock mass strengths broken using the technique of cut-cavity formation.Results and Discussion: Experimental explosions executed in a production environment have proved the efficiency of the proposed technique of sectional formation of a cut cavity, which helped increase the blasthole use coefficient (BUC) from 0.88 to 0.97. The depth of the first-section boreholes should be determined relative to the length of the second-section boreholes and the broken rock mass strength. The higher the strength of the broken formation, the larger the ratio between the first and the second-section blasthole lengths should be. The results of the experimental explosions indicate that the depth of first-section snubber blastholes varies from 0.5 and more of the second-section boreholes, depending upon the depth of the latter and the broken rock mass strength. If the strength of the broken rock mass is 12 on the Protodyakonov scale, and the second-section blasthole depth increases from 1.6 m to 2.6 m, then the depth of the second-section boreholes should be increased from 0.9 m to 1.54 m so as to be 0.55–0.56 of the second section blasthole length. If the strength of the broken rock mass is 18, and the length of the second section increases from 1.8 m to 2.82 m, then the first-section length varies from 0.9 m to 1.75 m, being 0.5–0.62 of the second section blasthole length. Applying the novel proposed procedure for a cut-cavity formation will increase the blasthole use coefficient and reduce the cost of drilling and blasting operations. Moreover, the procedure may also be practical for driving underground mine workings and for ore breaking within stopes.
Association between monocyte to lymphocyte ratio and diabetic foot ulcer in the population of the US with diabetes based on the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data: a retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Zirui , Jian Yang , Wei Zairong 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundDiabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a severe complication that occurs in patients with diabetes and is a primary factor that necessitates amputation. Therefore, the occurrence and progression of DFU must be predicted at an early stage to improve patient prognosis and outcomes. In this regard, emerging evidence suggests that inflammation-related markers play a significant role in DFU. One such potential marker, the monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), has not been extensively studied in relation to DFU. This study aimed to define a connection between MLR and DFU.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 1999 to 2004. DFU was defined based on survey questionnaires assessing the presence of nonhealing ulcers in the lower extremities for more than 4 weeks in diabetes patients. The MLR was calculated as the ratio of the monocyte count to the lymphocyte count, which was directly obtained from laboratory data files. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between the MLR and DFU. Stratified analysis according to age, sex, body mass index, blood glucose, hemoglobin, and glycated hemoglobin categories was conducted, and multiple imputations were applied to missing data.ResultsIn total, 1246 participants were included; the prevalence of DFU was 9.4% (117/1246). A multivariable regression model revealed a significant association between DFU and a 0.1 unit increase in MLR after adjusting for all covariates (adjusted odds ratio=1.16, 95% confidence interval: 1.02-1.33). Subgroup analyses revealed consistent findings regarding the impact of MLR on the presence of DFU (p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionMLR is significantly associated with DFU in diabetes patients, and can be used as one of the indicators for predicting the occurrence of DFU. MLR assessment may be a valuable component in the follow-up of patients with diabetes.