bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ontogeny and homology of the skeletal elements that form the sucking disc of remoras (Teleostei, Echeneoidei, Echeneidae)
Authors: Britz Ralf , Johnson G. David 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe sucking disc of the sharksuckers of the family Echeneidae is one of the most remarkable and most highly modified skeletal structures among vertebrates. We studied the development of the sucking disc based on a series of larval, juvenile, and adult echeneids ranging from 9.3 mm to 175 mm standard length. We revisited the question of the homology of the different skeletal parts that form the disc using an ontogenetic approach. We compared the initial stages of development of the disc with early developmental stages of the spinous dorsal fin in a representative of the morphologically basal percomorph Morone. We demonstrate that the “interneural rays” of echeneids are homologous with the proximal‐middle radials of Morone and other teleosts and that the “intercalary bones” of sharksuckers are homologous with the distal radials of Morone and other teleosts. The “intercalary bones” or distal radials develop a pair of large wing‐like lateral extensions in echeneids, not present in this form in any other teleost. Finally the “pectinated lamellae” are homologous with the fin spines of Morone and other acanthomorphs. The main part of each pectinated lamella is formed by bilateral extensions of the base of the fin spine just above its proximal tip, each of which develops a row of spinous projections, or spinules, along its posterior margin. The number of rows and the number of spinules increase with size, and they become autogenous from the body of the lamellae. We also provide a historical review of previous studies on the homology of the echeneid sucking disc and demonstrate that the most recent hypotheses, published in 2002, 2005 and 2006, are erroneous. J. Morphol. 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Treatment‐related morbidity and toxicity of CRS and oxaliplatin‐based HIPEC compared to a mitomycin and doxorubicin‐based HIPEC protocol in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis: A matched‐pair analysis
Authors: Glockzin Gabriel , von Breitenbuch Philipp , Schlitt Hans J. , Piso Pompiliu 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIntroductionCytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) provide a promising therapeutic option for selected patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. The use of intraperitoneal oxaliplatin seems to further improve the efficacy of the combined treatment concept. Nevertheless, additional toxicity might be expected.Patients and MethodsBetween 03/2004 and 08/2010 307 patients underwent CRS and HIPEC at the University Medical Center Regensburg. Forty of these patients received oxaliplatin‐based HIPEC. A matched‐pair analysis was performed to compare IP oxaliplatin to our former standard HIPEC protocol with mitomycin C (MMC) and doxorubicin.ResultsThe mean operating time in the OX and the MMC group was 315 and 313 min, respectively. Median hospital stay was 15.5 days in the OX group and 17 days in the MMC group. The grade 3/4 morbidity rate according to CTCAEv3.0 was 42.5% versus 37.5% (P = 0.648). Perioperative mortality was 2.5% versus 0%.ConclusionOur data suggest that the use of IP oxaliplatin in the context of CRS and HIPEC does not significantly increase perioperative morbidity and/or mortality rates. Nevertheless, randomized controlled trials are required to determine the optimal intraperitoneal chemotherapeutic regimen regarding toxicity, postoperative complications, and oncological outcome. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:574–578. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prospective testing of mucoepidermoid carcinoma for the MAML2 translocation: Clinical Implications
Authors: Chiosea Simion I. , Dacic Sanja , Nikiforova Marina N. , Seethala Raja R. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) with MAML2 translocation is believed to be associated with lower clinical stage, lower histologic grade, and better outcome. We summarized our prospective experience testing MEC for the MAML2 translocation.Study Design:Prospective cohort study.Methods:One hundred eighteen head and neck tumors (55 MECs and 63 mimics) were prospectively tested for MAML2 translocation by fluorescence in situ hybridization as part of clinical care during a 36‐month period.Results:MAML2 translocation was identified in 41 of 55 (75%) cases diagnosed as MEC. Translocation status did not correlate significantly with histologic grade, age, gender, tumor site, or T stage.Conclusions:Routine testing for MAML2 translocation by fluorescence in situ hybridization is feasible and useful in confirming the diagnosis of MEC. The lack of significant correlation with histologic grade or pathologic stage implies that the previously reported prognostic value of the MAML2 translocation may be an artifact of misclassification of MEC as other tumors.
Toxicity, quality of life, and functional outcomes of 176 hypopharyngeal cancer patients treated by (Chemo)radiation: The impact of treatment modality and radiation technique
Authors: Al‐Mamgani Abrahim , Mehilal Robert , van Rooij Peter H. , Tans Lisa , Sewnaik Aniel , Levendag Peter C. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The main goal of the current study was to comprehensively address the impact of chemoradiation and radiation techniques on toxicity, quality of life (QoL), and functional outcome.Study Design:Retrospective analysis of toxicity and functional outcome and prospective QoL assessment.Methods:From 1996 to 2010, 176 consecutive patients with hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC) were treated with (chemo)radiotherapy. End points were acute and late toxicity, QoL assessment, and functional outcome using laryngoesophageal dysfunction‐free survival (LED‐FS) defined by the Laryngeal Preservation Consensus Panel.Results:Chemoradiation significantly increased grade 3 acute toxicity compared to radiotherapy alone (71% vs. 55%, P = .02). The 3‐year grade ≥2 late toxicity was 32%. Intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) significantly reduced late toxicity compared to three‐dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) (24% vs. 44%, P = .007). Slight deterioration in QoL scores was observed on almost all scales, and was more pronounced in patients treated with chemoradiation, albeit not statistically significant except for xerostomia. Chemoradiation, compared to radiotherapy alone, improved LED‐FS at 3 years (51% vs. 24% for the entire group and 83% vs. 63% for the 78 living patients at last follow‐up, respectively [P = .05]).Conclusions:Compared to radiotherapy alone, chemoradiation significantly improved functional outcome, increased acute toxicity, but without significant increase in late radiation‐induced side effects. Statistically significant deterioration in QoL scores was reported only for xerostomia. IMRT, compared to 3DCRT, reduced the incidence and severity of acute and late toxicity, thereby broadening the therapeutic window, and may allow dose escalation for further improvement of outcomes of laryngeal preservation protocols.
Readability assessment of internet‐based patient education materials related to facial fractures
Authors: Sanghvi Saurin , Cherla Deepa V. , Shukla Pratik A. , Eloy Jean Anderson 
Published: July 2012

AbstractObjective/Hypothesis:Various professional societies, clinical practices, hospitals, and health care‐related Web sites provide Internet‐based patient education material (IPEMs) to the general public. However, this information may be written above the 6th‐grade reading level recommended by the US Department of Health and Human Services. The purpose of this study is to assess the readability of facial fracture (FF)‐related IPEMs and compare readability levels of IPEMs provided by four sources: professional societies, clinical practices, hospitals, and miscellaneous sources.Study Design:Analysis of IPEMs on FFs available on Google.com.Methods:The readability of 41 FF‐related IPEMs was assessed with four readability indices: Flesch‐Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES), Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG), and Gunning Frequency of Gobbledygook (Gunning FOG). Averages were evaluated against national recommendations and between each source using analysis of variance and t tests.Results:Only 4.9% of IPEMs were written at or below the 6th‐grade reading level, based on FKGL. The mean readability scores were: FRES 54.10, FKGL 9.89, SMOG 12.73, and Gunning FOG 12.98, translating into FF‐related IPEMs being written at a “difficult” writing level, which is above the level of reading understanding of the average American adult.Conclusions:IPEMs related to FFs are written above the recommended 6th‐grade reading level. Consequently, this information would be difficult to understand by the average US patient.
Expression pattern of IQGAP1 in sinonasal inverted papillomas and squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Jin Jun , Lee Jin Woo , Rha Ki‐Sang , Kim Dong Woon , Kim Yong Min 
Published: July 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The scaffold protein IQGAP1 is a ubiquitously expressed 190 kDa protein that participates in protein‐protein interactions, integrating diverse signaling pathways. In this study, we examined the expression of IQGAP1 in sinonasal inverted papillomas (IP) and sinonasal squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), which include IP with SCC (IPcSCC) and SCC alone. We also tried to elucidate whether the amount of IQGAP1 expression is related with any clinicopathologic features of sinonasal SCCs.Study Design:This was a retrospective study.Methods:The expression of IQGAP1 was analyzed by means of immunohistochemistry. The degrees of IQGAP1 expression and subcellular localization (rim formation) were analyzed with respect to the following clinicopathologic variables: age, gender, T stage, histologic differentiation, local recurrence, and distant metastasis.Results:The expression of IQGAP1 was significantly higher in patients with IPcSCC (3.62 ± 0.14), and SCC (2.93 ± 0.34) compared with IP (1.43 ± 0.26). The rim formation scale was significantly higher in IPcSCC (2.39 ± 0.24) compared with IP (1.68 ± 0.15). Distant metastasis in patients with SCC significantly correlated with an increased IQGAP1 rim formation (p = 0.011). Histologic differentiation was also significantly correlated with a positive staining scale for IQGAP1 in IPcSCCs (p = 0.038).Conclusion:These results indicated that IQGAP1 expression is associated with both the histologic differentiation of IPcSCCs and is present in SCC cases where distant metastasis has occurred.
The use of the h‐index in academic otolaryngology
Authors: Svider Peter F. , Choudhry Zaid A. , Choudhry Osamah J. , Baredes Soly , Liu James K. , Eloy Jean Anderson 
Published: July 2012

AbstractObjective/Hypothesis:The h‐index is an objective and easily calculable measure that can be used to evaluate both the relevance and amount of scientific contributions of an individual author. Our objective was to examine how the h‐index of academic otolaryngologists relates with academic rank.Study Design:A descriptive and correlational design was used for analysis of academic otolaryngologists' h‐indices using the Scopus database.Methods:H‐indices of faculty members from 50 otolaryngology residency programs were calculated using the Scopus database, and data was organized by academic rank. Additionally, an analysis of the h‐indices of departmental chairpersons among different specialties was performed.Results:H‐index values of academic otolaryngologists were higher with increased academic rank among the levels of assistant professor, associate professor, and professor. There was no significant difference between the h‐indices of professors and department chairpersons within otolaryngology. H‐indices of chairpersons in different academic specialties were compared and were significantly different, suggesting that the use of this metric may not be appropriate for comparing different fields.Conclusions:The h‐index is a reliable tool for quantifying academic productivity within otolaryngology. This measure is easily calculable and may be useful when evaluating decisions regarding advancement within academic otolaryngology departments. Comparison of this metric among faculty members from different fields, however, may not be reliable. Laryngoscope, 2013
Protection against oxidative DNA damage and stress in human prostate by glutathione S‐transferase P1
Authors: Kanwal Rajnee , Pandey Mitali , Bhaskaran Natarajan , MacLennan Gregory T. , Fu Pingfu , Ponsky Lee E. , Gupta Sanjay 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe pi‐class glutathione S‐transferase (GSTP1) actively protect cells from carcinogens and electrophilic compounds. Loss of GSTP1 expression via promoter hypermethylation is the most common epigenetic alteration observed in human prostate cancer. Silencing of GSTP1 can increase generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage in cells. In this study we investigated whether loss of GSTP1 contributes to increased DNA damage that may predispose men to a higher risk of prostate cancer. We found significantly elevated (103%; P < 0.0001) levels of 8‐oxo‐2′‐deoxogunosine (8‐OHdG), an oxidative DNA damage marker, in adenocarcinomas, compared to benign counterparts, which positively correlated (r = 0.2) with loss of GSTP1 activity (34%; P < 0.0001). Silencing of GSTP1 using siRNA approach in normal human prostate epithelial RWPE1 cells caused increased intracellular production of ROS and higher susceptibility of cells to H2O2‐mediated oxidative stress. Additionally, human prostate carcinoma LNCaP cells, which contain a silenced GSTP1 gene, were genetically modified to constitutively express high levels of GSTP1. Induction of GSTP1 activity lowered endogenous ROS levels in LNCaP‐pLPCX‐GSTP1 cells, and when exposed to H2O2, these cells exhibited significantly reduced production of ROS and 8‐OHdG levels, compared to vector control LNCaP‐pLPCX cells. Furthermore, exposure of LNCaP cells to green tea polyphenols caused reexpression of GSTP1, which protected the cells from H2O2‐mediated DNA damage through decreased ROS production compared to nonexposed cells. These results suggest that loss of GSTP1 expression in human prostate cells, a process that increases their susceptibility to oxidative stress‐induced DNA damage, may be an important target for primary prevention of prostate cancer. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders among welders: A Danish cohort study
Authors: Kenborg Line , Funch Lassen Christina , Hansen Johnni , Olsen Jørgen H. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIt has been hypothesized that welders are at increased risk for neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease, but few well‐designed cohort studies have been conducted. The risk for Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders was examined in an updated follow‐up study based on a previous cohort of 5867 Danish welders and 1735 nonwelding metal workers exposed to welding fume. Occupational history and information on smoking were obtained from questionnaires, supplemented by information from the compulsory Danish Supplementary Pension Fund. Hospital contacts, including outpatient data from 1994, for Parkinson's disease and other neurological disorders were ascertained from the Danish National Hospital Register. Based on first‐time hospital contacts, standardized hospitalization ratios (SHRs) were calculated for the entire cohort and for welders, metal workers, and nonresponders separately and for the general Danish population in 1987–2008. In an internal analysis of welders, Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hospitalization rate ratios (HRRs) for Parkinson's disease associated with lifelong exposure to welding. Overall, 45 cohort members had a hospital contact for Parkinson's disease (SHR, 1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.82–1.50), of whom 25 were welders (standardized incidence rate ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.68–1.55). When duration of welding was compared among 5736 welders, the HRR was 0.83 (95% CI, 0.59–1.16) per 10 years' welding, after adjustment for smoking. The results of this study do not support the hypothesis that welders are at increased risk for Parkinson's disease; these findings are consistent with those of our previously published analysis. © 2012MovementDisorder Society
Chloride transfer in cement‐based materials. Part 2. Experimental study and numerical simulations
Authors: Bourbatache K. , Millet O. , Aït‐Mokhtar A. , Amiri O. 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYThis second part of the work deals firstly with carrying out materials characterization, mainly mercury intrusion porosimetry and chloride electrodiffusion tests on two cement pastes. Experimental data allowed fixing the perturbation parameter ϵ and other dimensionless numbers highlighted in part I of this work. Secondly, a series of parametric simulations were performed in order to compute the chloride diffusion coefficient through a gradual complexity of the elementary cell, approaching as close as possible the real microstructure of the cement pastes tested. Results highlighted that taking into account microstructure parameters (porosity, tortuosity and constrictivity) allows to approach the experimental diffusion coefficient. However, they also showed that electrochemical interactions between ions and the liquid‐solid interface, and the multi‐scale character of cementitious material microstructure, must be considered. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Psychometric Properties of the Arab Heritage Activity Card Sort
Authors: Hamed Razan , Holm Margo B. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe Activity Card Sort is a valid and reliable assessment tool that was created to assess Participation. It has been translated to several languages and adapted to different international cultures. The most recent version of this tool is the Arabic Heritage Activity Card Sort (A‐ACS). The purpose of this study was to establish the psychometric properties of the new Arabic version in Jordanian adults. Forty three Jordanian patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and 62 healthy adults were recruited to test the psychometric properties of the tool. The A‐ACS correlated moderately with the participation index of the Mayo‐Portland Adaptability Inventory (r = −0.458, p < 0.00) (concurrent validity), was able to discriminate between patients and healthy participants on the current and retained levels of participation (F = 5.09, p < 0.03; F = 6.01, p < 0.02, respectively) (discriminative validity), and correlated moderately with the total scores of the Mayo‐Portland Adaptability Inventory (r = −0.458, p < 0.00) and the total score on the Arabic version of the self‐report Performance Assessment of Self‐care Skills (r = 0.581, p < 0.00) (convergent validity). The tool also showed good test–retest reliability (r = 0.80, p < 0.00) and excellent internal consistency (α = 0.90). The Arabic Heritage of the Activity Card Sort is a valid and reliable tool for Arabic‐speaking occupational therapists to use when assessing participation in Jordanian patients with MS or healthy adults. Limitations of this study include using only one diagnostic group from Jordan and examining only the Recovery and Community Versions of the tool. Future studies are needed to examine further psychometric properties for patients with different diagnoses and from different countries in the Arabic region for all three versions of the A‐ACS. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
School psychology goes to college: The emerging role of school psychology in college communities
Authors: Sulkowski Michael L. , Joyce Diana J. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractMany college students display academic and social‐emotional needs that are not being addressed by extant university supports. School psychologists who work in postsecondary settings and have expertise in providing psychoeducational services may be uniquely positioned to help many of these students. However, few school psychologists currently work with or serve college students. To address unmet student needs and illustrate the fruitful role of school psychology in college communities, this article discusses ways university‐based or ‐affiliated school psychologists can expand their current roles. Additionally, a multitiered framework is included that encourages the provision of interventions at universal, selective, and targeted service delivery levels. Although many of the interventions and ideas discussed in this article are not yet widely implemented, they warrant consideration and further elaboration because of their potential to impact college students and the practice of school psychology. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Abbreviated multi‐breath washout for calculation of lung clearance index
Authors: Robinson Paul D. , Stocks Janet , Aurora Paul , Lum Sooky 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIntroductionVarious functional residual capacity (FRC) repeatability criteria have been proposed for lung clearance index (LCI) measurement by multiple breath washout (MBW). Adult guidelines recommend three technically acceptable tests with FRC values within 10%, whilst preschool guidelines recommend two such tests. Feasibility of and need for recommendations in children is unclear.MethodsRetrospective analysis of MBW data was undertaken in healthy control (n = 90) and cystic fibrosis (CF) subjects (n = 108) encompassing infancy, pre‐school and school age ranges. Feasibility of FRC repeatability recommendations was investigated in those with three technically acceptable tests. Validity of mean LCI from the first two tests alone (vs. all three) was investigated by comparing mean data and sensitivity to detect abnormal peripheral airway function in CF.ResultsLCI coefficient of variation (CoV) was related to FRC CoV (P < 0.001) and disease category (P = 0.002). Application of adult repeatability criteria decreased LCI CoV (4.7 vs. 8.5%, P < 0.001), but had poor feasibility beyond infancy (62/150, 41%). Preschool recommendations increased feasibility but only to 70% overall. There was no difference in mean LCI (All three minus 1st two tests) in healthy controls [mean (95% CI) difference: 0.02 (−0.01, 0.06; P = 0.15)], this difference being statistically but not clinically significant in CF subjects [0.07 (0.00,0.13; P = 0.04)]. Sensitivity in CF subjects was unaffected.ConclusionAdult FRC repeatability recommendations improved LCI repeatability in pediatric subjects, but poor feasibility limited utility. In an experienced pediatric MBW center, recent preschool recommendations can be extended to two technically acceptable tests, irrespective of FRC repeatability, without significantly affecting mean LCI or compromising sensitivity. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:336–343. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Enhancement in thermoelectric power factor of polycrystalline Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 by crystallite alignment
Authors: Dehkordi Arash Mehdizadeh , Vashaee Daryoosh 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIt is known that the random orientation of crystallites in polycrystalline Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 reduces its thermoelectric power factor. An efficient method for growing ordered bulk polycrystalline Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 was used and the enhancement of thermoelectric power factor was demonstrated. For comparison, samples with randomly and preferentially oriented crystallites were sintered from similar powder of Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3. A press process similar to extrusion was used to align the crystallites during the hot press. The crystallites alignment was verified by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The dominant orientation in the aligned sample was in c‐plane (0,0,15). The aligned sample demonstrated significant increase in electrical conductivity while the Seebeck coefficient remained unchanged. As a result, the thermoelectric power factor of the aligned sample was improved by ∼50%.