bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occurrence and behavior of system peaks in RP HPLC with solely aqueous mobile phases
Authors: Kalíková Květa , Hruška Vlastimil , Svobodová Jana , Chudoba Richard , Gaš Bohuslav , Tesařová Eva 
Published: July 2009

AbstractSystem peaks are important but often also disturbing phenomena occurring in separation systems. Behavior of system peaks was studied in reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP HPLC) systems consisting of an RP Amide C16 column and aqueous solutions of organic acids with alkaline metal hydroxides as mobile phases. Binary mobile phases, composed of benzoic acid and lithium hydroxide (LiOH) or cesium hydroxide (CsOH), yielded two system peaks. The first peak was stationary and the second one moved with dilution of the mobile phase or with changes of the alkaline metal hydroxide concentration. The latter changes affected dissociation of the benzoic acid present in the mobile phase and thereby its retention. The presumption that the first system peak is not influenced by the type of alkaline metal cation and that it is related to the non‐adsorbed component of the mobile phase was confirmed by a cyclic procedure. Three‐component mobile phases composed of benzoic acid, tropic acid, and a hydroxide gave rise to three system peaks as expected. The first peak was again stationary and the two others shifted depending on the concentration variation of both acids. Resonance causing a zigzag peak, well described in capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), was observed if 1‐pentanol was injected into a chromatographic system with one‐component mobile phase.
Laser induced explosive vapor and cavitation resulting in effective irrigation of the root canal. Part 1: A visualization study
Authors: Blanken Jan , De Moor Roeland Jozef Gentil , Meire Maarten , Verdaasdonk Rudolf 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesLimited information exists regarding the induction of explosive vapor and cavitation bubbles in an endodontic rinsing solution. It is also not clear whether a fiber has to be moved in the irrigation solution or can be kept stationary. No information is available on safe power settings for the use of cavitation in the root canal. This study investigates the fluid movements and the mechanism of action caused by an Er,Cr:YSGG laser in a transparent root model.Material and MethodsGlass models with an artificial root canal (15 mm long, with a 0.06 taper and apical diameter of 400 µm) were used for visualization and registration with a high‐speed imaging technique (resolution in the microsecond range) of the creation of explosive vapor bubbles with an Er,Cr:YSGG laser at pulse energies of 75, 125, and 250 mJ at 20 Hz using a 200 µm fiber (Z2 Endolase). Fluid movement was investigated by means of dyes and visualization of the explosive vapor bubbles, and as a function of pulse energy and distance of the fiber tip to the apex.ResultsThe recordings in the glass model show the creation of expanding and imploding vapor bubbles with secondary cavitation effects. Dye is flushed out of the canal and replaced by surrounding fluid. It seems not necessary to move the fiber close to the apex.ConclusionImaging suggests that the working mechanism of an Er,Cr:YSGG laser in root canal treatment in an irrigation solution can be attributed to cavitation effects inducing high‐speed fluid motion into and out the canal. Lasers Surg. Med. 41:514–519, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Numerical Model for the Optimal Vulcanization of 2D Polar Rubber Compounds Using Microwaves
Authors: Milani Gabriele , Milani Federico 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA numerical model is presented for the optimal vulcanization of 2D extruded polar rubber with microwaves and peroxides. Magnetron power and curing time are used as the input production parameters, and the output mechanical property selected for optimization is the average tensile strength of the item. A 2D thick weather strip is analyzed to validate the model. The electric field is evaluated by means of Yee cells (FDTD approach) and suitably inserted in Fourier's heat transmission law, thus allowing point‐by‐point temperature profiles to be determined. The temperature is then used to evaluate the degree of peroxidic reticulation, and thus the final tensile strength. A so‐called alternating tangent approach based on the bisection method is finally proposed to estimate the optimal magnetron power and curing time.magnified image
Proof of principle: The effect of antimuscarinics on bladder filling sensations in healthy subjects—A placebo controlled double blind investigation using 4 and 8 mg tolterodine extended release
Authors: Mehnert Ulrich , Reitz André , Youssef Sumaya Abo , Schurch Brigitte 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAimsThere is evidence that antimuscarinic drugs have depressant influence not only on bladder muscle activity, but also on bladder sensations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a single dose tolterodine extended release (ER) 4 and 8 mg on bladder sensations during filling cystometry.MethodsAfter approval of the local ethics committee, 30 healthy female subjects (23.7 ± 2.3 years) were included and randomly assigned to three groups: (A) placebo, (B) tolterodine ER 4 mg, and (C) tolterodine ER 8 mg in a double blind manner. Measurements were performed at baseline and 4 hr postmedication in each group, consisting of: (1) Filling cystometry with 25 ml/min at which subjects had to indicate first sensation of filling (FSF), first desire to void (FDV), and strong desire to void (SDV). (2) Uroflowmetry and ultrasound control for residual urine.ResultsIn the placebo group, filling volumes at FDV and SDV decreased significantly posttreatment. This effect could not be observed for the tolterodine 8 mg group and only at SDV in the 4 mg group. No significant difference between groups was found regarding uroflowmetry parameters and postvoid residual volume.ConclusionsNo increase of filling volumes in healthy subjects could be observed with tolterodine. However, the results suggest that tolterodine is able to alleviate irritation caused by repeated catheterization and cystometry. There was no significant influence of tolterodine ER 4 or 8 mg on voiding function. Neurourol. Urodynam. 29:464–469, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The clinical significance of rectal contractions that occur during urodynamic studies
Authors: Cho Sung‐Yong , Oh Seung‐June 
Published: July 2009

AbstractPurposeRectal contractions (RC) while performing filling cystometry are frequently detected, the clinical significance of RC has not been investigated. This study analyzed the relationship between RC and clinical data.Materials and MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed in 5,026 patients with voiding dysfunction between June 2002 and April 2008. The RC were classified according to the maximal amplitude (higher or lower than 15 cmH2O) and rhythmicity; group I (rhythmic, high, 4.6%), group II (rhythmic, low, 61.2%), group III (random, high, 2.5%), and group IV (random, low, 31.7%). All the clinical and urodynamic data were made in a retrospective setting for lower urinary tract symptoms and past medical history.ResultsRC were found in 6.5% (188 males and 139 females). Bladder compliance was decreased and bladder trabeculations were more common in patients with RC. The occurrence of RC was correlated with the development of cerebrovascular accidents in males. Among the females, the occurrence of oligopontocerebellar atrophy, spinal lesions, and the cauda equine syndrome were more common. Group I had a correlation with a spinal cord injury in males, bladder trabeculations and vesicoureteral reflux in females; group II was correlated with an idiopathic overactive bladder in both men and women, stress urinary incontinence and mixed urinary incontinence in females. No correlation was found in groups III and IV.ConclusionsRC were correlated with neurological disease and non‐neurological conditions. The identification of a rhythmic RC should be followed by screening for underlying conditions. Neurourol. Urodynam. 29:418–423, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Aberrant methylation and reduced expression ofRASSF1Ain Ewing sarcoma
Authors: Avigad Smadar , Shukla Shruti , Naumov Inna , Cohen Ian J. , Ash Shifra , Meller Isaac , Kollender Yehuda , Issakov Josephine , Yaniv Isaac 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackgroundEwing sarcoma (ES) is the second most common solid bone and soft tissue malignancy in children and young adults with low cure rates indicating the need to identify further prognostic markers. The importance of methylation in the inactivation of key tumor suppressor genes includingRASSF1Ahas begun to be appreciated in context of cancer development, prognosis and therapy. However there is lack of similar broad based studies in ES. The objective of this study was to analyzeRASSF1Amethylation and assess its clinical significance in ES.ProcedureThe methylation ofRASSF1Awas determined 31 ES tumor samples and 4 ES cell lines. ES cell lines were also treated with demethylating agent 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine to ascertain its effect on methylation.RASSF1Aexpression was studied in 12 ES tumors. The association betweenRASSF1Amethylation, clinical parameters and outcome was also analyzed.ResultsMethylation ofRASSF1Awas observed in 21/31 (68%) tumors and in 3/4 ES cell lines. A significant correlation of methylation to reduced expression ofRASSF1Awas observed in 12 ES tumors analyzed (P = 0.0013) and in all cell lines. ES patients with methylatedRASSF1Ahad worse prognosis compared to the unmethylated group (P = 0.049). Treatment with 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine resulted in the re‐expression of the unmethylated form ofRASSF1Ain two ES cell lines.ConclusionRASSF1Ais frequently methylated in ES. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:1023–1028. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A phase II study of Campath‐1H in children with relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A Children's Oncology Group report
Authors: Angiolillo Anne L. , Yu Alice L. , Reaman Gregory , Ingle Ashish M. , Secola Rita , Adamson Peter C. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackgroundDespite the increasing cure rates for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), patients who relapse continue to have poor prognosis. The Children's Oncology Group (COG) conducted a limited institution Phase II trial of Campath‐1H, a monoclonal antibody that targets CD52 on leukemic cells, in children with relapsed or refractory ALL.MethodsFrom October 2005 to December 2006, 13 eligible patients were enrolled on the COG phase II study of Campath‐1H (ADVL0222). Campath‐1H was initially administered as an intravenous infusion over 2 hr, five times per week for 1 week, then three times per week for three additional weeks. Patients with stable disease or better on day 29 could continue on to combination therapy with Campath‐1H, methotrexate, and 6‐mercaptopurine for two additional cycles.ResultsOne of 13 patients enrolled had a complete response to Campath‐1H and 4 had stable disease. Dose limiting toxicity occurred in two out of nine fully evaluable patients (Grade IV pain and Grade III allergic reaction/hypersensitivity). No patients received combination therapy. Serum Campath‐1H concentrations appeared to be somewhat lower in children with ALL compared with adult patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.ConclusionAlthough a single complete response was observed, activity of single agent Campath‐1H appears limited. Our study does not support future single agent evaluation of Campath‐1H in children with relapsed ALL. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:978–983. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
BiomarkerDigger: A versatile disease proteome database and analysis platform for the identification of plasma cancer biomarkers
Authors: Jeong Seul‐Ki , Kwon Min‐Seok , Lee Eun‐Young , Lee Hyoung‐Joo , Cho Sang Yun , Kim Hoguen , Yoo Jong Shin , Omenn Gilbert S. , Aebersold Ruedi , Hanash Sam , Paik Young‐Ki 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWe have developed a proteome database (DB), BiomarkerDigger (http://biomarkerdigger.org) that automates data analysis, searching, and metadata‐gathering function. The metadata‐gathering function searches proteome DBs for protein–protein interaction, Gene Ontology, protein domain, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, and tissue expression profile information and integrates it into protein data sets that are accessed through a search function in BiomarkerDigger. This DB also facilitates cross‐proteome comparisons by classifying proteins based on their annotation. BiomarkerDigger highlights relationships between a given protein in a proteomic data set and any known biomarkers or biomarker candidates. The newly developed BiomarkerDigger system is useful for multi‐level synthesis, comparison, and analyses of data sets obtained from currently available web sources. We demonstrate the application of this resource to the identification of a serological biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma by comparison of plasma and tissue proteomic data sets from healthy volunteers and cancer patients.
Size distribution of native cytosolic proteins of Thermoplasma acidophilum
Authors: Sun Na , Tamura Noriko , Tamura Tomohiro , Knispel Roland Wilhelm , Hrabe Thomas , Kofler Christine , Nickell Stephan , Nagy István 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWe used molecular sieve chromatography in combination with LC‐MS/MS to identify protein complexes that can serve as templates in the template matching procedures of visual proteomics approaches. By this method the sample complexity was lowered sufficiently to identify 464 proteins and – on the basis of size distribution and bioinformatics analysis – 189 of them could be assigned as subunits of macromolecular complexes over the size of 300 kDa. From these we purified six stable complexes of Thermoplasma acidophilum whose size and subunit composition – analyzed by electron microscopy and MALDI‐TOF‐MS, respectively – verified the accuracy of our method.
Physiological adaptation of Corynebacterium glutamicum to benzoate as alternative carbon source – a membrane proteome‐centric view
Authors: Haußmann Ute , Qi Su‐Wei , Wolters Dirk , Rögner Matthias , Liu Shuang‐Jiang , Poetsch Ansgar 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe ability of microorganisms to assimilate aromatic substances as alternative carbon sources is the basis of biodegradation of natural as well as industrial aromatic compounds. In this study, Corynebacterium glutamicum was grown on benzoate as sole carbon and energy source. To extend the scarce knowledge about physiological adaptation processes occurring in this cell compartment, the membrane proteome was investigated under quantitative and qualitative aspects by applying shotgun proteomics to reach a comprehensive survey. Membrane proteins were relatively quantified using an internal standard metabolically labeled with 15N. Altogether, 40 proteins were found to change their abundance during growth on benzoate in comparison to glucose. A global adaptation was observed in the membrane of benzoate‐grown cells, characterized by increased abundance of proteins of the respiratory chain, by a starvation response, and by changes in sulfur metabolism involving the regulator McbR. Additional to the relative quantification, stable isotope‐labeled synthetic peptides were used for the absolute quantification of the two benzoate transporters of C. glutamicum, BenK and BenE. It was found that both transporters were expressed during growth on benzoate, suggesting that both contribute substantially to benzoate uptake.
Growth phase‐dependent global protein and metabolite profiles ofPhaeobacter gallaeciensisstrain DSM 17395, a member of the marineRoseobacter‐clade
Authors: Zech Hajo , Thole Sebastian , Schreiber Kerstin , Kalhöfer Daniela , Voget Sonja , Brinkhoff Thorsten , Simon Meinhard , Schomburg Dietmar , Rabus Ralf 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe marine heterotrophic roseobacterPhaeobacter gallaeciensisDSM 17395 was grown with glucose in defined mineral medium. Relative abundance changes of global protein (2‐D DIGE) and metabolite (GC‐MS) profiles were determined across five different time points of growth. In total, 215 proteins were identified and 147 metabolites detected (101 structurally identified), among which 60 proteins and 87 metabolites displayed changed abundances upon entry into stationary growth phase. Glucose breakdown to pyruvate apparently proceedsviathe Entner–Doudoroff (ED) pathway, since phosphofructokinase of the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway is missing and the key metabolite of the ED‐pathway, 2‐keto‐3‐desoxygluconate, was detected. The absence ofpfkin other genome‐sequenced roseobacters suggests that the use of the ED pathway is an important physiological property among these heterotrophic marine bacteria. Upon entry into stationary growth phase (due to glucose starvation), sulfur assimilation (including cysteine biosynthesis) and parts of cell envelope synthesis (e.g. the lipid precursor 1‐monooleoylglycerol) were down‐regulated and cadaverine formation up‐regulated. In contrast, central carbon catabolism remained essentially unchanged, pointing to a metabolic “stand‐by” modus as an ecophysiological adaptation strategy. Stationary phase response ofP. gallaeciensisdiffers markedly from that of standard organisms such asEscherichia coli, as evidente.g. by the absence of anrpoSgene.
Proteomics Data Collection – 5th ProDaC Workshop 4 March 2009, Kolympari, Crete, Greece
Authors: Eisenacher Martin , Martens Lennart , Barsnes Harald , Hardt Tanja , Kohl Michael , Häkkinen Jari , Apweiler Rolf , Meyer Helmut E. , Stephan Christian 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe Proteomics Data Collection (ProDaC) consortium, a “Coordination Action” funded by the 6th EU Framework Programme, started in October 2006. Its aim was to facilitate the collection and distribution of proteomics data and the public availability of data sets from proteomics experiments. Within the consortium standard formats are created and tools are developed to allow extensive data collection within the proteomics community. An important part of ProDaC is the organization of workshops twice a year to inform about the consortium's progress and to stimulate communication between the ProDaC partners and between partners and interested members of the proteomics community. ProDaC ends on March 31, 2009. The most recent (and final) workshop was the 5th ProDaC workshop held on March 4, 2009 in Kolympari, Crete, Greece. The progress since the last meeting and an overall summary was presented by the work package coordinators and partners. Four external speakers presented talks about their work in relation to ProDaC.
Obesity and obesity related co‐morbidities in a referral population of children with asthma
Authors: Ross Kristie R. , Hart Meeghan A. , Storfer‐Isser Amy , Kibler Anna Marie V. , Johnson Nathan L. , Rosen Carol L. , Kercsmar Carolyn M. , Redline Susan 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjective:Although there is mounting evidence that childhood obesity is a risk factor for incident asthma, it remains unclear if there is a distinct “asthma‐obesity” phenotype. This study characterized body composition, obesity related co‐morbidities, and traditional risk factors for asthma in a cohort of children referred for asthma management in a pulmonary clinic. We hypothesized that children with asthma and obesity would have distinct risk factors and co‐morbidities, particularly with respect to metabolic and sleep abnormalities.Participants and Methods:One hundred sixteen asthmatic children ages 4–18 years underwent comprehensive measurements of common asthma risk factors as well as measurements of obesity‐related morbidities, including lung function tests, atopy, and assessments of sleep (overnight oximetry and actigraphy), physical activity (accelerometry), and metabolism. Characteristics of children who were obese (BMI ≥95th percentile) were compared to those who were not obese (BMI <95th percentile).Results:Obesity was present in 44% of participants. Obese participants had similar rates of atopy and family history of atopy, lung function, and asthma control at enrolment as their non‐obese peers. A significantly higher proportion of obese participants had metabolic syndrome (23% vs. 0%) and habitual snoring (60% vs. 33%) compared to non‐obese participants; insufficient sleep and nocturnal desaturations tended to be more prevalent among obese subjects.Conclusions:Obesity and obesity related co‐morbidities were common in a referral population of children with asthma. The specific influence of metabolic abnormalities on asthma morbidity and management is still uncertain and likely will need to be addressed in prospective studies. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:877–884. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
FRC measurements using body plethysmography in young children
Authors: Vilozni Daphna , Efrati Ori , Hakim Fahed , Adler Adi , Livnat Galit , Bentur Lea 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackgroundMeasurement of FRC in whole body plethysmography (FRCpleth) is not performed in young children (aged 3–5 years) because it involves sitting alone in a closed box and breathing attempts against occlusion.ObjectiveTo assess the feasibility of measuring FRCpleth in young children.Methods and ResultsSeventy‐one of 102 children (age range 3.3–6.9 years) performed spirometry and FRCpleth measurements. Twenty‐six children had controlled asthma (Group‐A); 26 children were tested during asthma exacerbation had uncontrolled asthma (Group‐UA), and 19 children were tested after receiving chemotherapy treatment (Group‐C). Tests according to adult recommendations were first taught outside the plethysmograph and then performed with minor technical adaptations. Each test included two consecutive FRC measurements obtained during 2–3 sec of occlusion. Total lung capacity (TLC) and residual volume (RV) were calculated. Values were compared to FRC measured by Helium‐dilution (FRC‐He) in healthy preschool children and to extrapolated FRCpleth values of school children, and between the groups.ResultsGroup‐A showed normal spirometry and normal TLC values, with mildly elevated FRCpleth and RV values (125 ± 20 and 153 ± 33 %predicted, respectively; P < 0.0001 for both values). Group‐UA showed obstructed flows combined with high FRCpleth and RV (146 ± 26 and 189 ± 38 %predicted; P < 0.0001) and normal TLC. Group‐C showed a restrictive spirometry pattern combined with lower than normal TLC (86  ±  15 %predicted; P < 0.0251).ConclusionsMeasuring absolute lung volumes by plethysmography in young children is feasible and can detect abnormal lung volumes. It is essential to study a larger group of healthy children for reference values and to allow for standardization of the procedure. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:885–891. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lagrangian simulation of wind transport in the urban environment
Authors: Wilson J. D. , Yee E. , Ek N. , d'Amours R. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractFluid element trajectories are computed in inhomogeneous urban‐like flows, the needed wind statistics being furnished by a Reynolds‐averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) model that explicitly resolves obstacles. Performance is assessed against pre‐existing measurements in flows ranging from the horizontally uniform atmospheric surface layer (no buildings), through regular obstacle arrays in a water‐channel wall shear layer, to full‐scale observations at street scale in an urban core (the Oklahoma City tracer dispersion experiment Joint Urban 2003). Agreement with observations is encouraging, e.g. for an Oklahoma City tracer trial in which sixteen detectors reported non‐zero concentration, modelled concentration lies within a factor of two of the corresponding observation in nine cases (FAC2 = 56%). Although forward and backward simulations offer comparable fidelity relative to the data, interestingly they differ (by a margin far exceeding statistical uncertainty) wherever trajectories from source to receptor traverse regions of abrupt change in the Reynolds stress tensor. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society