bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A phase 2 trial of imatinib mesylate in patients with recurrent nonresectable chondrosarcomas expressing platelet‐derived growth factor receptor‐α or ‐β
Authors: Grignani Giovanni , Palmerini Emanuela , Stacchiotti Silvia , Boglione Antonella , Ferraresi Virginia , Frustaci Sergio , Comandone Alessandro , Casali Paolo G , Ferrari Stefano , Aglietta Massimo 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND.Chondrosarcoma (CS) is a rare and heterogeneous sarcoma in which, after failure of surgery and radiotherapy, chemotherapy plays only a marginal role. Different molecular pathways have been shown to be activated in CS; in particular, both isoforms of platelet‐derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) are expressed and phosphorylated. These observations prompted investigation of the activity of imatinib mesylate (IM) in patients with advanced CS in a phase 2 trial.METHODS.Between January 2007 and June 2009, patients with metastatic, nonresectable CS were treated with 400 mg of IM administered twice daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Two criteria determined patient trial eligibility: ≥1 prior line of chemotherapy and immunohistochemical expression of either PDGFR‐α or PDGFR‐β. The primary objective of the trial was objective response. As secondary objectives, the authors selected progression‐free survival (PFS) at 4 months, overall survival, and clinical benefit (EUDRACT number 2006‐006446‐33).RESULTS.Twenty‐six patients were enrolled and all demonstrated PDGFR positivity and phosphorylation. No objective response was demonstrated. The 4‐month PFS rate was 31% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 16%‐53%). The median overall survival was 11 months (95% CI, 6 months‐15 months). Neither long‐lasting freedom from disease progression nor clinical benefit was observed. The IM dose was temporarily reduced in 60%15 of the patients because of toxicity.CONCLUSIONS.IM was found to be relatively well‐tolerated, but failed to demonstrate meaningful clinical activity in terms of both objective response and freedom from disease progression. Advanced CS remains an incurable disease, and effective targeted therapies are still awaited. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Micro‐Raman spectroscopic investigations of cobalt phthalocyanine thin films deposited on quartz and diamond substrates
Authors: Szybowicz M. , Bała W. , Fabisiak K. , Paprocki K. , Drozdowski M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn this paper we present study of cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) thin films deposited on quartz and diamond substrates. The different diamond substrates were obtained using chemical vapour deposition method (CVD). The micro‐Raman scattering spectra of CoPc thin films deposited onto quartz and diamond substrates were investigated in the spectral range 200 – 1800 cm‐1 at room temperature for different wavelengths excitation (488 nm and 785 nm). The Raman modes A1g and B1g are connected with different polymorphic of metallophthalocyanine phase of CoPc thin films deposited on substrates (α and β form). Using confocal and surface Raman mapping we also obtained information on polymorphic phase of CoPc layers deposited on different diamond substrates. We observed both, change and distribution of polymorphic phase of CoPc thin films deposited on the surface. The observed feature can be probably caused by the change of crystalline form of CoPc thin layer and different size of crystallites of the diamond substrates. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Electrical properties of PbxSn1‐xS thin films prepared by hot wall deposition method
Authors: Unuchak D. M. , Bente K. , Ivanov V. A. , Gremenok V. F. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe PbxSn1‐xS (x = 0 – 0.25) thin films were prepared on glass substrates by hot wall vacuum deposition. The films were polycrystalline monophase in nature and had orthorhombic crystal structure. The thickness of the films was about 2‐3 μm. The temperature dependences of the conductivity were measured in the temperature range from 150 to 420 K. The films revealed p‐type of conductivity. The Seebeck coefficient and conductivity values of the films was in the range of α = 6 – 360 μV/K and σ = 4.8×10‐5 – 1.5×10‐2 Ω‐1·cm‐1, respectively, at room temperature depending on concentration of the lead in the films. The lead atoms created the substitution defects PbSn in the crystal lattice of the PbxSn1‐xS. These defects formed the donor energy levels in the band gap. The activation energy of the films increased in the range ΔEa = 0.121 – 0.283 eV with increasing of the lead concentration. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Sox17 and chordin are required for formation of Kupffer's vesicle and left‐right asymmetry determination in zebrafish
Authors: Aamar Emil , Dawid Igor B. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractKupffer's vesicle (KV), a ciliated fluid‐filled sphere in the zebrafish embryo with a critical role in laterality determination, is derived from a group of superficial cells in the organizer region of the gastrula named the dorsal forerunner cells (DFC). We have examined the role of the expression of sox17 and chordin (chd) in the DFC in KV formation and laterality determination. Whereas sox17 was known to be expressed in DFC, its function in these cells was not studied before. Further, expression of chd in these cells has not been reported previously. Targeted knockdown of Sox17 and Chd in DFC led to aberrant Left‐Right (L‐R) asymmetry establishment, as visualized by the expression of southpaw and lefty, and heart and pancreas placement in the embryo. These defects correlated with the formation of small KVs with apparently diminished cilia, consistent with the known requirement for ciliary function in the laterality organ for the establishment of L‐R asymmetry. Developmental Dynamics 239:2980–2988, 2010. Published 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Investigation of Steric and Electronic Factors of (Arylsulfonyl)phosphane‐Palladium Catalysts in Ethene Polymerization (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 29/2010)
Authors: Piche Laurence , Daigle Jean‐Christophe , Poli Rinaldo , Claverie Jerome P. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe cover picture shows the influence of the structure of a sulfonated phosphane on the performance of the Pd‐based catalysts employed in this study. These complexes catalyze ethene polymerization without the need of activation, yielding linear polyethene. The introduction of steric hindrance in the catalyst scaffold results in lower molecular weights and lower activities. Details are discussed in the article by J. M. Claverie et al. on p. 4595 ff.
Trinational – mehrsprachig – epochenübergreifend
Authors: Unterstell Rembert 
Published: October 2010

AbstractGemeinsam erforschen deutsche, österreichische und italienische Nachwuchsforscher die „Politische Kommunikation von der Antike bis ins 20. Jahrhundert”︁ – ein Beispiel für die zunehmend internationale Ausrichtung der DFG‐Graduiertenkollegs.
„Ich hab' noch einen Koffer in Dresden …”︁
Authors: Unterstell Rembert 
Published: October 2010

AbstractLandeskunde und wissenschaftliche Kontaktanbahnung: Nach der 60. Nobelpreisträger‐Tagung am Bodensee bereisten 20 indische Nachwuchsforscherinnen und ‐forscher die deutsche Universitäts‐ und Institutslandschaft. Impressionen von der Post‐Lindau‐Tour
DISSECTING THE STATE: TOWARDS A RELATIONAL CONCEPTUALIZATION OF STATES AND STATE FAILURE
Authors: Frödin Olle Jonas 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis article departs from a critique of objectivist understandings of the state as a relatively coherent administrative and coercive apparatus. It argues that objectivist understandings of the state may prevent our ability of seeing politics as it is. On the basis of the fact that institutions only exist insofar as they are systematically activated in social relations, the article provides conceptual tools that seek to capture the context‐specific, relational characteristics of the state. The theoretical arguments are illustrated by examples from both developed and developing countries. In thinking beyond categorical and objectivist understandings of statehood encapsulated in concepts like state capacity and state failure, the article distinguishes kinds and degrees of state failures. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Kinetic and thermodynamic analysis of 9‐nitrocamptothecin hydrolysis at physiological pH in the presence and absence of human serum albumin
Authors: Saha Sohodeb C. , Kunadharaju Sasank , Sivakumar Balasubramanian , Savva Michalakis 
Published: October 2010

AbstractKinetic and thermodynamic analysis of the 9‐nitrocamptothecin (9NC) hydrolysis reaction in the presence and absence of human serum albumin (HSA) in phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) of pH 7.4 was carried out by first derivative absorption spectroscopy. The thermodynamic parameters determined in these studies provided a mechanistic explanation toward the endothermic but yet thermodynamically favorable hydrolysis of 9NC at physiological temperature and pH. In the presence of HSA, the apparent rate constant of 9NC hydrolysis was 3–3.5 times higher than in 9NC solutions alone, whereas the apparent equilibrium constant of 9NC hydrolysis was found to increase at a higher extent in the presence of HSA than in PBS with increasing temperature, reaching almost complete hydrolysis of the 9NC to the 9NC‐carboxylate at 315.15 K. Importantly, the Ea of the 9NC hydrolysis reaction in the presence of HSA was determined to be on average 17 kJ mol−1 lower than the Ea determined in plain PBS. Moreover, analysis of binding isotherms constructed for the HSA interaction with 9NC, using infinitely cooperative and independent binding models, demonstrated an incredibly higher binding constant for the 9NC‐carboxylate form as compared to the very weak and concentration‐dependent binding for the 9NC‐lactone species at 310.15 K. Taken together, the preferential association of the carboxylate form with HSA and the lower Ea of 9NC hydrolysis in the presence of HSA provide a mechanistic explanation for the shift of lactone–carboxylate equilibria toward the carboxylate product under physiological conditions of pH and ionic strength. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 42: 693–703, 2010
Haemoglobin level, proportion of haemoglobin Bart's and haemoglobin Portland in fetuses affected by homozygous α0‐thalassemia from 12 to 40 weeks' gestation
Authors: Li Thomas K. T. , Leung K. Y. , Lam Y. H. , Tang M. H. Y. , Chan Vivian 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectivesTo determine haematological parameters in fetuses affected by homozygous α0‐thalassemia.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional retrospective study reviewing 546 blood samples (268 fetal and 278 neonatal cord) being collected between 1993 and 2006, from 12 weeks' gestation onwards for any indication, including the prenatal diagnosis of homozygous α0‐thalassemia, other haematological disorders, hydrops or aneuploidy. The proportion of haemoglobin (Hb) fractions was determined by electrophoresis of haemolysate on cellulose acetate in all samples.ResultsThere were significant differences in the haematological parameters between homozygous α0‐thalassemia (n = 183) and control (n = 363) which were either heterozygous α0‐thalassemia (alpha thalassemia trait) or normal. In homozygous α0‐thalassemia, the median Hb level, proportion of Hb Bart's (γ4) and Hb Portland 1(ζ2γ2) were 6.4 g/dL, 77.5% and 22.5%, respectively. While the Hb level and the proportion of Hb Bart's increased significantly with gestation, the proportion of Hb Portland 1 decreased. The Hb level contributed by Hb Portland 1 remained around 1.4 g/dL throughout gestation. The proportion of mild, moderate and severe anaemia in the affected fetuses was 27.5, 32.7 and 39.8%, respectively. There was no significant difference in these proportions across different gestation (P = 0.231). There were no differences in the haematological parameters between hydropic and non‐hydropic fetuses.ConclusionAlthough the degree of anaemia is mild in around one‐quarter of the affected fetuses, the contribution by Hb Portland 1 (ζ2γ2) to the Hb level was very low throughout gestation, and the affected fetuses may therefore be at risk for hypoxia. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of ortho substituents on 17O NMR chemical shifts in phenyl esters of substituted benzoic acids
Authors: Nummert Vilve , Mäemets Vahur , Piirsalu Mare , Koppel Ilmar A. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract17O NMR spectra for 29 phenyl esters of ortho‐, para,‐ and meta‐substituted benzoic acids, X‐C6H4CO2C6H5, at natural abundance in acetonitrile were recorded. The δ(17O) values of carbonyl and the single‐bonded oxygens for para derivatives gave good correlation with the σ+ constants. The δ(17O) values for meta derivatives correlated well with the σm constants. The influence of ortho substituents on the δ(17O) values of carbonyl oxygen and the single‐bonded oxygens was analyzed using the Charton equation containing the inductive, σI, resonance, σ+R, and steric, E, substituent constants. For ortho derivatives, excellent correlations with the Charton equation were obtained when the data treatment was performed separately for derivatives containing electron‐donating +R and electron‐attracting −R substituents. The electron‐donating substituents in ortho‐, meta‐, and para‐substituted esters resulted in shielding of the 17O signal and the electron‐withdrawing groups caused deshielding. In phenyl ortho‐substituted benzoates, the substituent‐induced positive inductive (ρI > 0), resonance (ρR > 0), and steric (δorthoE > 0) effects were found. The steric interaction of ortho substituents with ester group was found to produce a deshielding effect on the carbonyl and single‐bonded oxygens. For ortho derivatives with −R substituents, the resonance term was insignificant and the steric term was ca. twice weaker as compared to that for derivatives with +R substituents. The δ(17O) values for ortho‐substituted nitrobenzenes, acetophenones, and benzoyl chlorides showed a good correlation with the Charton equation as well. In ortho‐substituted nitrobenzenes the inductive, resonance and steric effect were found to be ca. 1.7 times stronger as compared to that for phenyl ortho‐substituted benzoates. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Radical polymerization of styrene derivatives bearing N‐free amino acid side chains, synergic effect of chirality, and hydrogen bonding for stereoselective polymerization
Authors: Matsubara Kouki , Kurimaru Atsumi , Yamanaka Miyuki , Hirashima Tetsuya , Onishi Yoshie , Murakami Eiji , Kawachi Emi , Koga Yuji , Ando Setsuko 
Published: October 2010

AbstractRadical polymerization of styrene derivatives having a series of amino acid, alanine, glycine, leucine, valine, Boc‐leucine, and Boc‐valine, in the side chain bound at the C‐terminal was conducted to regulate the stereoinduction system in the propagation step. Isotacticity increased in the polymer main chain, especially in the polymerization of monomers bearing N‐free L‐leucyl and L‐valyl esters in THF or DMF at 50 °C, by the synergic stereoregulation with chirality control and hydrogen bonding between the radical polymer terminal and the monomer. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Synthesis of novel hyperbranched poly(ester‐amide)s based on neutral α‐amino acids via “AD + CBB′” couple‐monomer approach
Authors: Bao You‐Mei , Liu Xiao‐Hui , Tang Xiu‐Lan , Li Yue‐Sheng 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA series of novel hyperbranched poly(ester‐amide)s (HBPEAs) based on neutral α‐amino acids have been synthesized via the “AD + CBB′” couple‐monomer approach. The ABB′ intermediates were stoichiometrically formed through thio‐Michael addition reaction because of reactivity differences between functional groups. Without any purification, in situ self‐polycondensations of the intermediates at elevated temperature in the presence of a catalyst afforded HBPEAs with multihydroxyl end groups. The degrees of branching (DBs) of the HBPEAs were estimated to be 0.40–0.58 and 0.24–0.54 by quantitative 13C NMR with two different calculation methods, respectively, depending on polymerization conditions and structure of monomers. The influences of catalyst, temperature, and intermediate structure on the polymerization process and molecular weights as well as properties of the resultant polymers were investigated. FTIR, NMR, and DEPT‐135 NMR analyses revealed the branched structure of the resultant polymers. The HBPEAs possess moderately high molecular weights with broad distributions, glass transition temperatures in the range of −25.5 to 36.5 °C, and decomposition temperatures at 10% weight loss under nitrogen and air in the regions of 243.4–289.1 °C and 231.4–265.6 °C, respectively. Among them, those derived from D,L‐phenylalanine display the lowest degree of branching, whereas the highest glass transition temperature and the best thermal stability. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Proteomic biomarkers for overall and progression‐free survival in ovarian cancer patients
Authors: Høgdall Estrid , Fung Eric T. , Christensen Ib Jarle , Yip Christine , Nedergaard Lotte , Engelholm Svend Aage , Risum Signe , Petri Anette Lykke , Lundvall Lene , Lomas Lee , Høgdall Claus 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPurpose:To determine if the level of apolipoprotein A1, hepcidin, transferrin, inter‐α trypsin IV internal fragment, transthyretin (TT), connective‐tissue activating protein 3 (CTAP3), serum amyloid A1, β‐2 microglobulin (B2M) might have impact on overall and progression‐free survival for ovarian cancer (OC) patients.Experimental design:Serum from 150 OC patients was tested using SELDI‐TOF‐MS.Results:A proteomic prognostic index (xb‐pro) was constructed using the regression coefficients based on inter‐α trypsin IV internal fragment, B2M and TT. A multivariable Cox survival analysis including the xb‐pro index showed that xb‐pro (p<0.0001, HR=2.50, 95% CI: 1.65–3.79), residual tumor after primary surgery (p=0.0005), age (p=0.01) and chemotherapy (p=0.0002) are of independent prognostic value for overall survival. International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, performance status, histological type of tumor and serum CA125 were found of no independent value. A proteomic index (xb‐pfs) based on B2M and CTAP3 was found to predict progression‐free survival (xb‐pfs:p=0.008, HR=1.77, 95% CI: 1.17–2.70 together with type of surgery, age and chemotherapy.Conclusions and clinical relevance:We found an index with three proteomic biomarkers (xb‐pro) to be of independent prognostic value for overall survival and an index with two proteomic biomarkers (xb‐pfs) with evidence of independent prognostic value for progression‐free survival.
Human anelloviruses and the central nervous system
Authors: Maggi Fabrizio , Bendinelli Mauro 
Published: October 2010

AbstractTorque teno virus and related anelloviruses are a recent addition to the list of agents that cause chronic productive infections and high levels of plasma viraemia in humans. Many aspects of the natural history and pathogenesis of these under many respects surprising viruses are still poorly understood. In this review, we briefly outline the general properties of anelloviruses, examine what is currently known about the interactions they establish with the central nervous system (CNS), and discuss the possible pathological consequences. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
EnPassant: anonymous routing for disruption‐tolerant networks with applications in assistive environments
Authors: Vakde Gauri , Bibikar Radhika , Le Zhengyi , Wright Matthew 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACTDisruption‐tolerant networking holds a great deal of potential for making communications easier and more flexible in pervasive assistive environments. However, security and privacy must be addressed to make these communications acceptable with respect to protecting patient privacy. We propose EnPassant, a system for using disruption‐tolerant networking in privacy‐preserving way. EnPassant uses concepts from anonymous communications, re‐routing messages through groups of peer nodes to hide the relation between the sources and destinations. We describe a set of protocols that explore a practical range of tradeoffs between privacy and communication costs by modifying how closely the protocol adheres to the optimal predicted path. We also describe the cryptographic tools needed to facilitate changes in‐group membership. Finally, we present the results of extensive trace‐based simulation experiments that allow us to both compare between our proposed protocols and observe the costs of increasing the number of groups and intermediate nodes in a path. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On Random Betweenness Constraints
Authors: GOERDT ANDREAS 
Published: October 2010

Ordering constraints are formally analogous to instances of the satisfiability problem in conjunctive normal form, but instead of a boolean assignment we consider a linear ordering of the variables in question. A clause becomes true given a linear ordering if and only if the relative ordering of its variables obeys the constraint considered.The naturally arising satisfiability problems are NP-complete for many types of constraints. We look at random ordering constraints. Previous work of the author shows that there is a sharp unsatisfiability threshold for certain types of constraints. The value of the threshold, however, is essentially undetermined. We pursue the problem of approximating the precise value of the threshold. We show that random instances of the betweenness constraint are satisfiable with high probability if the number of randomly picked clauses is ≤0.92n, where n is the number of variables considered. This improves the previous bound, which is <0.82n random clauses. The proof is based on a binary relaxation of the betweenness constraint and involves some ideas not used before in the area of random ordering constraints.
The impact of training for day-care educators on childhood anaemia in nurseries: an institutional randomised clinical trial
Authors: Konstantyner Tulio , Taddei José Augusto AC , Oliveira Mariana de Novaes , Palma Domingos , Colugnati Fernando AB 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo test the impact of training for educators on the health of children enrolled in public and philanthropic day-care nurseries.DesignA randomised, institutional, non-blind clinical trial was conducted. An educational intervention was performed in four day-care centres and the control group consisted of four other day-care centres. Interviews with the mothers, collection of blood from the children by digital puncture and anthropometry were performed. The chosen indicator for the improvement of health was anaemia (Hb <11 g/dl). An unconditional logistic regression model was set for the risk factors for anaemia, considering associations with P ≤ 0·05 as statistically significant.SettingEight day-care centres in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil.SubjectsTwo hundred and fifty-two children from day-care nurseries.ResultsThe children from the day-care centres that were not subject to intervention presented a 2·11 times greater risk (95% CI 1·04, 4·30; P = 0·40) of having anaemia at the end of the study independent of the control variables (sex, age, time in the day-care centre, anaemia at the beginning of the study, maternal age, use of oral iron supplements, number of siblings, per capita family income, use of antibiotics and the necessity of avoidable hospitalisations) used in the construction of the final logistical model.ConclusionsThe assessed educational intervention promoted significant changes in the health status of the children, reinforcing the importance of training for professionals who care for young children in day-care centres in developing countries in order to promote child health.