bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Singh index and femur geometry in osteoporotic women
Authors: Karabulut Özlen , Tuncer Mehmet , Karabulut Zülfü , Hatipoğlu Eyüp , Nazaroğlu Hasan , Akkuş Zeki 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
We aimed to compare the Singh index with bone mineral density (BMD) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), body mass index (BMI) and femur geometry in the right proximal femur of osteoporotic women, using different statistical tests. Radiographs of each patient were assessed to determine the Singh index by five observers. The observers consisted of a consultant radiologist, physical therapist and anatomists who studied the series of radiographs. They were asked to apply the Singh index by comparing the trabecular bone pattern in the proximal right femur with the reference scale published by Singh et al. [1]. This has a six point scale from grade VI to grade I. We evaluated 47 osteoporotic women in this study. The subjects’ mean age, weigth, and height were 63,21 ± 10,106, 66,72 ± 12.523, 154,94 ± 7,026 respectively. We found a significant relationship between the Singh index and BMD. The Singh index correlated significantly with hip axis length, femoral neck diamater and trochanteric width. And, BMD correlated significantly with femoral head and neck diameter, femoral neck cortex width, medial calcar femoral cortex width and femoral shaft cortex width. The evaluation of the Singh index grades in its self, there was a significant relation among them.
Room for Improvement: Mixed Portrayal of Young People with Mental Illness on Australian Television News
Authors: Henson Connie , Chapman Simon , McLeod Lachlan , Johnson Natalie , Hickie Ian 
Published: January 2010

Objective: The aim of the present study was to review television news depiction of mental illness in children and adolescents to test the hypothesis that positive portrayals of adults with mental illness also apply to young people. Methods: Content and frame analysis of first-person depictions and overall news angle was carried out to determine whether depictions were positive, neutral or negative. Results: The media portrayal of young people with mental illnesses was mixed. Overall, 10 items (29%) of news angles were positive, 13 items (37%) neutral and nine items (26%) negative. Positive themes were significantly less frequent for young people compared to adults (10 items, 29% compared to 151 items, 66%), and negative themes were more frequent (nine items, 26% vs 21 items, 9%). First-person depictions, however, were similar for young people and adults (24 items, 69% vs 150 items, 66%). An anti-medication sub-theme was notable. Conclusions: Overall the portrayal of young people with mental illnesses on television news is not as positive as that for adults. Similar to adults, however, first-person depictions resulted in a more positive representation of young people. Fewer first-person depictions in combination with an anti-medication theme and historically less access to appropriate services for young people may have contributed to the less positive results for young people with mental illnesses.
Pharmacological Management in Children and Adolescents with Pervasive Developmental Disorder
Authors: Sung Min , Fung Daniel S. S. , Cai Yiming , Ooi Yoon Phaik 
Published: January 2010

Objective: Pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) is associated with emotional and behavioural problems. There is no pharmacological cure for PDD, but some comorbidities and dysfunctional behaviours in PDD can be managed pharmacologically. The aim of the present study was to provide a better understanding of the efficacy and limitations in the currently available agents. Methods: Electronic literature searches were conducted from the following sources: MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, PSYARTICLES and PsycINFO. Search terms included, but were not limited to, ‘autism’, ‘PDD’, ‘autism spectrum disorder’ (‘ASD’), and ‘pharmacological management’. Results: A range of pharmacological agents are available for the management of various dysfunctional symptoms in PDD. Broadly speaking, these agents help in the management of repetitive stereotyped behaviours, anxiety, aggression/irritability/self-injurious behaviour, hyperactivity/inattention and in sleep. Conclusions: There is a paucity of systemic, well-conducted trials on the use of pharmacological agents in the management of PDD, and more research in this area is warranted.
Three new taxa in Lauraceae from India
Authors: Gangopadhyay M. 
Published: January 2010

Three new taxa, namely Apollonias arnottii Nees var. beddomei M. Gangop. var. nov., Persea macrantha (Nees) Kosterm. var. brevifolia M. Gangop. var. nov., and Phoebe palghatensis M. Gangop. sp. nov. of the family Lauraceae are described and illustrated from India. Keywords: New taxa; Apollonias; Persea; Phoebe; Lauraceae. DOI: 10.3329/bjpt.v16i2.3926 Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 16(2): 141-149, 2009 (December)
Epidermal features of rice leaf CV. BRRI Dhan29
Authors: Islam Md. Tofazzal , Sarwar A.K.M. Golam , Begum Hasna Hena , Ito Toshiaki 
Published: January 2010

Not available.Keywords: Leaf epidermis; Rice; Scanning electron microscopy (SEM); Slender macro hair. DOI: 10.3329/bjpt.v16i2.3931 Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 16(2): 177-180, 2009 (December)
Simultaneous Preparation of Facial and Meridional Isomer of Cobalt-Amino Acid Complexes and their Characterization
Authors: Alam M. M. , Islam S. M. S. , Rahman S. M. M. , Rahman M. M. 
Published: January 2010

Preparation and characterization of various complexes of cobalt (III)-amino acid system, especially cobalt (III) glycinato and cobalt (III) alaninato complexes are reported. The identification of the various isomers of these complexes is also reported. The various isomers are separated from their mixture by fractional crystallization. Each of these complexes has been characterized by observing physical characteristics, chemical analysis, UV-visible spectroscopy and IR-spectroscopy. The direct impact of geometry of the complexes to IR stretching frequencies and UV-visible spectral data of amino and carboxyl group in the complexes provided sufficient information about the geometry. A prediction about the geometries of the synthesized has also been focused. Keywords: Cobalt; Amino acid; Isomers; UV-visible; IR. © 2010 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v2i1.2032 J. Sci. Res. 2 (1), 91-98 (2010)
A Feasibility Study for Assessment of <i>In-situ</i> Bioremediation Potential of a Crude Oil Degrading <i>Pseudomonas</i> Consortium
Authors: Mittal A. , Singh P. 
Published: January 2010

A microcosm study evaluating inoculums addition of mixed bacterial consortium to stimulate in-situ bioremediation of crude oil contaminated soil was conducted. In feasibility study, out of five treatments the application of bacterial consortium, nutrients and environmental factors resulted in 79.16% removal of TPH in 60 days, compared to 30.24% removal of TPH carried out by indigenous microflora. Gas chromatograms of original spilled oil and bioremediated oil by the addition of developed consortium shows that Pr/Ph ratio decreased progressively from 2.358 to 1.626. The results showed that the ratio of di/tri aromatics decreased from initial 0.63 to 0.25 with progressive treatment of nutrient addition, as nutrient + tilling, nutrient + tilling + microbial seeding. Similar effect was observed in di/di + tri aromatics ratios which also decreased 0.31 to 0.20 by bioaugmentation only. Keywords: Hydrocarbons; Pseudomonas; Biodegradation; Gas Chromatogram. © 2010 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v2i1.2601 J. Sci. Res. 2 (1), 127-137 (2010)
An Efficient Ring Artifact Reduction Method Based on Projection Data for Micro-CT Images
Authors: Yousuf M. A. , Asaduzzaman M. 
Published: January 2010

Ring artifacts are very troublesome in a flat-panel based micro computed tomography (micro-CT) since they might severely degrade visibility of the micro-CT images. Unlike ring artifacts in other types of micro-CTs such as image-intensifier based micro-CT, ring artifacts in a flat-panel detector based micro-CT are hardly removable since the sensitivity of the pixel elements in a flat-panel detector is less uniform than in other types of x-ray detectors. The dependence of the ring artifacts on many imaging conditions, such as tube voltage, detector integration time and phantom size, was first investigated. Based on the observation that the ring artifacts are not imaging-condition-invariant in a flat-panel detector based micro-CT, an efficient ring artifact correction method has been developed based on post-processing. In the filtered sinogram, the ring artifact positions are identified and then the defective lines are corrected in the original projection data before the filtered back-projection. Experimental results on capacitor phantom, contrast phantom and bone images verify the efficacy of the proposed method. Keywords: Micro-CT; Ring artifact correction; Flat-panel detector; Filtered back-projection; Small animal imaging. © 2010 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v2i1.2645 J. Sci. Res. 2 (1), 37-45 (2010)
Isolation of Polyphenolic Compounds from the Green Coconut (<i>cocos nucifera</i>) Shell and Characterization of their Benzoyl Ester Derivatives
Authors: Akhter A. , Zaman S. , Ali U. , Ali Y. , Miah M. A. Jalil 
Published: January 2010

Polyphenolic compounds were isolated from the aqueous extract of green coconut shell. Benzoyl ester derivatives were prepared with these polyphenols. Monobenzoyl and dibenzoyl derivatives of a polyphenol were separated and characterized. Keywords: Green coconut shell; Cocos nucifera; Polyphenol. © 2010 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v2i1.2659 J. Sci. Res. 2 (1), 186-190 (2010)
BER Performance Analysis of a Concatenated Low Density Parity Check Encoded OFDM System in AWGN and Fading Channels
Authors: Haque M. D. , Ullah S. E. , Rahman M. M. , Ahmed M. 
Published: January 2010

In this paper, we investigate the bit error rate (BER) performance of a concatenated low density parity check (LDPC) encoded orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) system on color image transmission. In FEC concatenated channel coding, the OFDM wireless communication system incorporates 1/2-rated convolution encoder under various digital modulations (QPSK, 8PSK, QAM, 8QAM, 16QAM and 32QAM) over an additative white gaussian noise (AWGN) and other fading (Raleigh and Rician) channels. Computer simulation results on BER demonstrate that the LDPC encoded OFDM system outperforms with QAM modulation technique as compared to other digital modulation scheme and the system is highly effective to combat inherent interferences under Rayleigh and Rician fading channels. The transmitted color image is found to have retrieved effectively under noisy and fading situations with implementation of sum-product algorithm, an effective iterative based LDPC decoding scheme. It has also been anticipated that the performance of the communication system degrades with the increasing of noise power. Keywords: Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM); Low density parity check (LDPC); Bit error rate (BER). © 2010 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v2i1.2724 J. Sci. Res. 2 (1), 46-53 (2010)
Synthesis and Characterization of Transition Metal Complexes with
Authors: Prashanthi Y. , Raj Shiva 
Published: January 2010

The Schiff bases namely MIMFMA, MIMTMA and MIPMA have been prepared by reacting 3-amino-5-methyl isoxazole with 5-methyl furan-2-carboxyaldehyde, 5-methyl thiphene-2-carboxaldehyde and pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde. The Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Zn(II) and VO(IV) have been prepared by reacting metal chlorides with those Schiff bases in an alchololic medium. The complexes are electrolytes in DMSO. These have been characterized by using elemental analysis, IR, UV-VIS, 1H, 13C, mass spectra, magnetic susceptibility, conductance measurements and thermo gravimetric studies. The complexes were found to have composition ML2. On basis of elemental and spectral studies, six coordinated geometry is assigned for these complexes. The Schiff bases act as neutral and bidentate and coordinate through the azomethine nitrogen and furfural oxygen, thiophene sulphur and pyridine nitrogen, respectively. The synthesized ligands and their metal complexes were screened against bacteria and fungi. The activity data show that the metal complexes are more potent than the parent Schiff bases. Keywords; Schiff bases; Transition metal complexes; Spectral studies; Antimicrobial studies. © 2010 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v2i1.2732 J. Sci. Res. 2 (1), 114-126 (2010)
Preparation and Performance of Nano-hybrids Synthesized from Polyimide and Silica
Authors: Alam S. M. M. 
Published: January 2010

Polyimide (PI)-inorganic like silica hybrid films were successfully prepared to combine the good performances of silica like tensile modulus, thermal stability etc. into organic PI. Polyamic acid (PAA), precursor of PI, was prepared from 3, 3′, 4, 4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA), p-phenylediamine (PDA) and in-situ formed silica was formed into PAA from tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) through in-situ sol-gel process. The films were transparent and became translucent in presence of up to 10% inorganic contents. The chemical structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The morphology of the films was investigated by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), stress-strain tests and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) were used to evaluate the performances of the films. The results indicated that the glass-transition temperatures (Tg) and decomposition temperatures of the PI-silica hybrid films were higher than those of pristine PI. Tensile modulus, tensile strength of PI increased prominently in presence of small amount (1%) of silica in PI-silica hybrid. Keywords: Polyimide; Hybrid; Sol-gel process. © 2010 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v2i1.2733 J. Sci. Res. 2 (1), 99-107 (2010)
<i>In-vitro</i> and <i>In-vivo</i> Antiasthmatic Studies of <i>Ailanthus excelsa</i> Roxb. on Guinea Pigs
Authors: Kumar D. , Bhujbal S. S. , Deoda R. S. , Mudgade S. C 
Published: January 2010

Methanolic extract of stem barks of Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. was evaluated for antiasthmatic activity by employing in-vivo and in-vitro screening models in Guinea pigs. The results revealed that the methanolic extract produced significant dose-dependent antiasthmatic activity. Keywords: Mahanimb; Antiasthmatic activity; Histamine induced bronchoconstriction. © 2010 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v2i1.2740 J. Sci. Res. 2 (1), 196-202 (2010)
Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity of the Methanol Extract of <i>Urtica Crenulata</i>
Authors: Rahman M. A. , Rana M. S. , Zaman M. M. , Uddin S. A. , Akter R. 
Published: January 2010

The antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of methanol extract of Urtica crenulata (syn: Laportea crenulata Gaud) stem has been investigated in the present study. The antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of the Urtica crenulata methanol extract were assessed by DPPH free radical scavenging method and brine shrimp lethality bioassay method, respectively. The antibacterial activity of the plant extract (500 μg/disc) was also carried out by disc diffusion technique. Stem extract showed DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging effect compared with ascorbic acid. IC50 value of ascorbic acid and stem extract was found 14.72 μg/ml and 1468.9 μg/ml, respectively. In antibacterial experiment, Urtica crenulata stem extract showed 8, 14 and 10 mm of diameter of zone inhibition against Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei, respectively and 9 and 8 mm of diameter of zone inhibition against Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus but no activity was observed against Staphylococcus aureus. In brine shrimp lethality assay, the LC50 value of the extract was found 104.0 μg/ml, which indicates that the extract has high cytoxic effect. The present study demonstrates that methanol extract of Urtica crenulata stem has significant cytotoxic effect. The extract also showed some moderate antibacterial and minimum significant antioxidant effects. Keywords: Urtica crenulata; Antioxidant; Antibacterial; Cytotoxic; BHT. © 2010 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v2i1.2872 J. Sci. Res. 2 (1), 169-177 (2010)
Fabrication, N-doping Mechanism and Evaluation of N-doped TiO<sub>2</sub> Thin Films Based on Laser Ablation Method
Authors: Somekawa S. , Kusumoto Y. , Yang H. , Abdulla-Al-Mamun M. , Ahmmad B. 
Published: January 2010

The relation among the change of the crystal structure, the amount of doped N and the photocatalytic activity for the decomposition of methylene blue was studied. The N-doping was promoted by the change of the crystal structure from the rutile phase to the anatase phase. The photocatalytic activity for the decomposition of methylene blue was enhanced by an increase in the amount of anatase crystals and doped N. Keywords: Laser ablation; N-doping process; Crystal change; N-doped TiO2 thin film; Dye decomposition. © 2010 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v2i1.2992 J. Sci. Res. 2 (1), 17-23 (2010)
Symbol Error Performance Analysis and Comparison Between Alamouti and MRRC Diversity Combining Scheme for Wireless Communication
Authors: Khatoon A. , Rahman M. S. 
Published: January 2010

The symbol error performance of a wireless communication system is analyzed using diversity combining scheme in Rayleigh fading channels. The performance of the system is compared using Alamouti scheme and maximal-ratio receiver combining (MRRC) scheme. The performance results of the system are evaluated by numerical computation and by simulation using MATLAB. A detailed analysis and exact (closed-form) expressions of the probability of error of the wireless communication systems in Rayleigh fading channels are provided for both M-ary phase-shift keying (M-PSK) and M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) schemes. Monte Carlo simulation shows exact match with the theoretical results. Keywords: Alamouti scheme; M-PSK; M-QAM; MRRC; Symbol error probability (SEP). © 2010 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v2i1.3000 J. Sci. Res. 2 (1), 54-66 (2010)
Characterization and Antimicrobial Activities of a Metabolite from a New <i>Streptomyces</i> Species from Bangladeshi Soil
Authors: Akhand M. , Al-Bari M. A. A. , Islam M. A. , Khondkar Proma 
Published: January 2010

A new actinomycete strain was isolated from Western part of Bangladesh and identified as a new Streptomyces species on the basis of its morphological, biochemical, cultural characteristics and 16S rRNA data. The present paper describes the isolation and characterization of compound 1 from this new Streptomyces species with the help of various chemical and spectroscopic methods. Antimicrobial activity of compound 1 was tested by disc diffusion assay method and compared with that of standard antibiotics (Kanamycin for antibacterial activity and Nystatin for antifungal activity). The compound has been found to exhibit moderate to strong antimicrobial activity against the test organisms. Cytotoxicity of the compound 1 and the pet. ether extract of Czapek Dox (alkaline) broth of Streptomyces species was evaluated in brine shrimp bioassay with LC50 values of 23.85 µg/ml (ppm) and 19.95 µg/ml (ppm), respectively. Keywords: Streptomyces; Antimicrobial activity; Cytotoxicity. © 2010 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v2i1.3079 J. Sci. Res. 2 (1), 178-185 (2010)
Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Linear Friction Welded Ti‐5Al‐2Sn‐2Zr‐4Mo‐4Cr (Ti17) Titanium Alloy Joints
Authors: Li Wen‐Ya , Ma Tiejun , Yang Siqian 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe microstructural evolution, microhardness, tensile properties and impact toughness of Ti‐5Al‐2Sn‐2Zr‐4Mo‐4Cr (Ti17) alloy joints welded by linear friction welding (LFW) are investigated. A narrow, sound weld is formed, consisting of a superfine α + β structure in the weld center. The structure gradually changes from the weld center to the parent Ti17 in the TMAZ, with the highly deformed α and β phases oriented along the deformation direction, owing to the uneven deformation and temperature distribution. The microhardness of the TMAZ is the lowest of the distinct zones and presents a valley‐like shape. The tensile strengths of the joints are comparable to that of the parent Ti17 but with a much lower plasticity and impact toughness. The microstructure variation contributes to the resultant properties.
Multifunctional Dendrimer‐Templated Antibody Presentation on Biosensor Surfaces for Improved Biomarker Detection
Authors: Han Hye Jung , Kannan Rangaramanujam M. , Wang Sunxi , Mao Guangzhao , Kusanovic Juan Pedro , Romero Roberto 
Published: January 2010

AbstractDendrimers, with their well‐defined globular shape and high density of functional groups, are ideal nanoscale materials for templating sensor surfaces. This work exploits dendrimers as a versatile platform for capturing biomarkers with improved sensitivity and specificity. The synthesis, characterization, fabrication, and functional validation of the dendrimer‐based assay platform are described. Bifunctional hydroxyl/thiol‐functionalized G4‐polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer is synthesized and immobilized on the polyethylene‐glycol (PEG)‐functionalized assay plate by coupling PEG‐maleimide and dendrimer thiol groups. Simultaneously, part of the dendrimer thiol groups are converted to hydrazide functionalities. The resulting dendrimer‐modified surface is coupled to the capture antibody in the Fc region of the oxidized antibody. This preserves the orientation flexibility of the antigen binding region (Fv) of the antibody. To validate the approach, the fabricated plates are further used as a solid phase for developing a sandwich‐type enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect IL‐6 and IL‐1β, important biomarkers for early stages of chorioamnionitis. The dendrimer‐modified plate provides assays with significantly enhanced sensitivity, lower nonspecific adsorption, and a detection limit of 0.13 pg mL−1 for IL‐6 luminol detection and 1.15 pg mL−1 for IL‐1β TMB detection, which are significantly better than those for the traditional ELISA. The assays were validated in human serum samples from a normal (nonpregnant) woman and pregnant women with pyelonephritis. The specificity and the improved sensitivity of the dendrimer‐based capture strategy could have significant implications for the detection of a wide range of cytokines and biomarkers since the capture strategy could be applied to multiplex microbead assays, conductometric immunosensors, and field‐effect biosensors.