bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An unusual case of visual disturbance in a young boy
Authors: PEFKIANAKI M , MICHAELIDES M 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To describe an unusual case of visual disturbance in a young boy.Methods A 14‐year‐old boy described a 3 week history of blurred vision in his right eye. He was otherwise fit and well and on no regular medication with no family history of ophthalmic disease. There was no history of drug taking, sun gazing or eclipse viewing. Best‐corrected visual acuity was 6/9.5 right eye,6/5 left eye and on Amsler grid testing there was evidence of right central distortion. Ocular examination revealed a right foveal yellow deposit; otherwise dilated fundoscopy was unremarkable. Autofluorescence imaging was within normal limits. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography, revealed a focal disruption of the junction between the foveal photoreceptor inner segments and outer segments with a central sub‐retinal deposit in the right eye. Electrophysiological assessment revealed no evidence of generalised retinal dysfunction or significant macular dysfunction. Multifocal electroretinography was suggestive of very mild localised inferior macular dysfunction bilaterally.Results The patient has been reviewed a year later and found to have improved visual acuity with 6/5 in both eyes. OCT findings are unchanged.Conclusion The OCT can detect significant foveal changes in the majority of affected eyes with a characteristic outer retinal defect. OCT can improves the diagnosis and assessment of the degree and nature of foveal damage in patients with solar retinopathy and may be an important tool in identifying foveal damage not detected by standard fluorescein angiography. Nevertheless, the underlying aetiology of the unilateral abnormality detected in this child remains uncertain.
Peripheral exudative haemorrhagic chorioretinopathy complicated with acute onset of visual loss
Authors: KABANAROU SA , FOTIOU P , ROUVAS AA , GEORGIADIS OP , XIROU T 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To report a case of unilateral peripheral exudative haemorrhagic chorioretinopathy (PEHCR) complicated with acute onset of visual loss.Methods A 64‐year‐old female presented with a one week history of sudden onset of visual loss in her left eye. There was no other relevant medical or family history. Best corrected Snellen visual acuity (BCVA) was documented and full ophthalmic examination was performed.Results BCVA was 1.0 in her right eye and hand movements in the left eye. Complete ophthalmic examination of her right eye was normal. Anterior segment examination of her left eye was unremarkable. There was no view of her left fundus. B‐scan ultrasonography revealed vitreous haemorrhage with no evidence of retinal detachment. Pars plana vitrectomy was performed few weeks later. At follow up examination fundoscopy revealed extensive subretinal and sub‐RPE haemorrhage in the retinal periphery temporal to the macula. Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) revealed patchy blockage of the background choroidal fluorescence corresponding to the suretinal/sub‐RPE haemorrhage. Indocyanine green angiography revealed no further pathology. Visual acuity was finally improved to 1.0 and disciform retinal degeneration was documented at the temporal periphery. Seventeen months later the patient remained stable.Conclusion PEHCR is a haemorrhagic retinal degenerative process, which can be complicated with vitreous haemorrhage and sudden visual loss. Differential diagnosis from choroidal melanoma or other vascular lesion is of major importance.
Early reactional hyperplasia and neuronal differentiation of the ciliary epithelium (CE) in experimental retinal detachment (RD) with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) in the porcine eye
Authors: BOSCHER C , DUCOURNAU Y , GUILLAUBEY C , BOSSARD C , SCHMIDT MORAND D , GAUTHIER O , LAVAL A , HOLOPHERNE D , DUCOURNAU D , PACELLA E 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Rare quiescent retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) have been isolated in the adult mammalian (including human) CE. We have reported a CE proliferation with retinal neuronal and photoreceptor cell (rhodopsin+) differentiation in three human eyes eviscerated for longstanding RD and PVR. The CE strongly expressed EGFR. We have hypothezised that the disease RD and PVR might stimulate a dormant population of RPCs in the CE in presence of a niche constituted by EGF. The aim of the present work was to study the CE in the porcine eye with experimental DR and PVR.Methods Two porcine eyes with experimental surgical RD and PVR enucleated at Day 15 and Day 35 were studied with light microscopy and immunocytochemistry with antibodies against EGFR, Ki67, CD133, NSE, rhodopsin, GFAP. The fellow porcine eyes, one non operated porcine eye, and one human eye exenterated for orbital tumor served as controlsResults Wwe observed in the CE of both porcine eyes a discrete hyperplasia of the non pigmented CE with an overexpression of EGFR and an expression of NSE. All CE controls were negative for NSE. Ki 67, CD133, GFAP and rhodopsin were negative in the CE of the eyes with RD and of the control eyesConclusion The CE of the porcine eye in vivo with shorter duration experimental RD and PVR showed hyperplasia with neuronal differentiation, in presence of an overexpression of EGFR, as in the human eye with longer duration RD. Photoreceptor differentiation was not observed in the porcine CE at this stage.
Ocular sarcoidosis: when should labial salivary gland biopsy be performed ?
Authors: RAHMI A , BERNARD C , SEVE P , BANCEL B , ISAAC S , BROUSSOLLE C , DENIS P , KODJIKIAN L 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To assess the usefulness of a labial salivary gland biopsy (LSGB) in subsets of patients with uveitis.Methods A retrospective study of 116 consecutive patients with uveitis for whom a LSGB had been done because of suspected ocular sarcoidosis (n=87) or unexplained uveitis (n=29). Eighty six patients had a suspicion of ocular sarcoidosis because of ocular features (n=67), an elevated angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) (n=30) or because of CT findings (n=33) suggestive of sarcoidosis. The biopsy results were analyzed together with their ophthalmological features and the results of other relevant examinations, such as the serum levels of ACE and a chest radiography or a CT scan.Results Six of the 116 patients (5.2%) with uveitis had sarcoid granulomas on the LSGB. At the end of the study, 32 patients had proven sarcoidois while 23 patients were considered as having either indeterminate or presumed sarcoidosis, according to the criteria of Abad et al. A raised ACE (p=0.033) and a compatible radiology (p=0.019) were related to a positive LSGB test but not to the features of uveitis. Granulomas were only found in the LSGB of the patients with an elevated ACE or compatible CT scans.Conclusion In this study, the LSGB sensitivity (18.75%) in the patients with proven sarcoidosis appears to be lower than in other reports. Our results suggest that this investigation should be limited to the patients with a raised ACE and/or CT scans pattern compatible with sarcoidosis and should not be performed in patients with unexplained uveitis or because of ophthalmological features.
Cationic amino acid transport activity and detection of B‐defensin‐1 in canine lens epithelial cells
Authors: OCHIAI H 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose The aim of this study is to investigate the cationic amino acid transport activity in canine lens epithelial cells line (cdLEC).B‐defensins are small cationic peptides possessing a broad range of antimicrobial and physiological activities. The mucosal physical barrier is an important component protecting luminal surfaces from bacteria. Expression of B‐defensins was also examined.Methods Na‐independence of arginine transport activity was measured, and N‐ethylmaleimide (NEM)‐sensitive uptake of arginine was investigated. cDNA sequence of cationic amino acid transporter 1 (CAT1) was determined based on human and mouse CAT1 sequences. RT‐PCR analysis of B‐defensins was carried out.Results NEM‐sensitive component of arginine uptake was detected. cDNA sequence of CAT1 was determined from the cdLEC. The sequence was 2589 bp long and was predicted to encode the 629 amino acid polypeptides. The deduced amino acid sequence showed similarities of 92.1% and 88.6% to those of human and mouse, respectively. Western blot analysis indicated the single band at 70 kDa in membrane protein sample of cdLEC. RT‐PCR analysis confirmed that CAT1 was ubiquitously detected in all tissues examined. Among the B‐defensins, B‐defensin‐1 but not ‐2 and ‐3 were observed in cdLECs and primary culture of lens epithelial cells.Conclusion Lens epithelial cells possess CAT1, and CAT1 may provide substrates for synthesis of B‐defensin‐1.
The lipids of lens in the aging and in cataractogenesis
Authors: KUDRYAVTSEVA Y , CHUPROV A , IVANOVA I 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose to study influence of lens's lipids on its optical propertiesMethods 40 patients at the age from 60 to 90, with cataract were examined. The lens tissue after phacoemulsification was investigated. The cataract maturity, color characteristics of lens were estimated. Laboratory researches of crystalline lens' tissue were included: researching of lipid peroxidation's level; studying of lipid peroxidation's products; researching of the higher fatty acids' compositionResults Concentration of the free oxidations' primary and secondary products were gradually decreased in about 5 times with the age. The finite products of the free oxidations had a similar tendency. The chemiluminescence level also was decreasing during the period from 50 to 70 years. In contrast to the other groups in 80 years slight increase of lipid peroxidations processes in comparison with group of 70 years, except for malonic dialdehyde was observed. When the cataract was developing in the changes of the free‐radical oxidation had differences: at initial changes in lens there was a sharp intensification of free‐radical activity and then the level of lipid peroxidation was on the high level. The polyunsaturated fatty acids and the palmitic acid had max percent of content in lens, the min – lauric and linolenic. The content of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids was approximately identical. When cataract was developing the composition of the higher fatty acids was changing considerably: the content of palmitic acid was increasing, the correlation factor was 0.52(R<0.05); the content of linoleic acid was decreasing, the correlation factor was ‐0.6(R<0,05)Conclusion The differences between the lipid peroxidation in the aging and the lipid peroxidation in cataractogenesis were revealed
Age‐related oxidation of lipids and proteins in rats' crystalline lens
Authors: KUDRYAVTSEVA Y , CHUPROV A , IVANOVA I 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose estimation and comparison of age‐related intensity of oxidation of lipids and proteins of rats' crystalline lensMethods Experiments are carried out on 25 Wistar line rats males of four age groups: 5 (n=6), 12 (n=7), 24 (n=6) and 36 (n=6) of months. Homogenate of crystalline lens tissue was used. The level of the general lipids, the contents of diene and triene conjugates, level of the Schiff bases and TBA‐test were estimated. The received results were rated to amount of lipids and expressed in relative units. Extent of oxidizing proteins modification, the content of the general protein was defined. The level of oxidizing proteins modification was rated to amount of proteins. Potential possibility of oxidation was estimated by method of the induced chemiluminescence with use of Fenton's reactionResults In adult animals' crystalline lenses (12 months) the raised level of products of lipids oxidation was observed. Then, the level of trienic conjugates were decreasing in the interval of 12‐24 months. The comparative content of carbonyl derivative of proteins had tendency to decrease with age. At groups of age 12, 24 and 36 months in comparison with group of 5 months were determined the decrease of the hemiluminescence level. It corresponds to decrease of level of the medium for free radical oxidationConclusion On the basis of results, we can assume that, together with the intermolecular interaction of proteins with each other and with low‐molecular metabolites, the free‐radical processes of lipids proceeding on membranes, also contributes to formation of age‐related changes of lens in rats
FYCO1 mutation hotspot in congenital cataract
Authors: ABOUZEID H , HELMY G , EL SADA M , SHERIF M , YACOUB M , BOISSET G , FAVEZ T , SCHORDERET D 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To report on the molecular origin of congenital cataract in an Egyptian family.Methods We performed a genome‐wide SNPs array analysis in a consanguineous family of Egyptian origin with two affected and one unaffected children with congenital cataract. Systemic and ophthalmic examinations were performed.Results The two affected patients, a 3 month old boy and a 7 year old girl with cataract and nystagmus were studied. Lensectomy was performed on both patients with IOL implantation in the older patient. A homozygous region of 12Mb on chromosome 3 was identified. This region contained the previously reported FYCO1 gene. Molecular analysis revealed a homozygous c.2206C>T mutation (p.Gln736X) in the affected patients. SNP analysis around the gene indicated that the mutation arose on a different genetic background than that reported by Chen et al. (AJHG 2011).Conclusion Mutations in FYCO1 are also present in the Egyptian population. We have shown that it developed de novo in this family thus indicating that this nucleotide is a hotspot for mutation and does not represent a founder effect.
Sunflower cataract in Wilson’s disease : transmission electron microscopic study
Authors: LEE DW , CHOI CY , BAE JH 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To report ultramicrostructures of anterior capsule of sunflower cataract by the transmission electron microscopic study (TEM)Methods A 37‐year‐old male with liver cirrhosis was referred to department of ophthalmology due to visual disturbance. She has bilateral sunflower cataract & Kayer‐Fleischer ring. Her right eye underwent phacoemulsification with a CCC and intraocular lens implantation. 1. Anterior capsule preparation for transmission electron microscopic examination(TEM) 2. Cross section image by energy filtered TEM 3. Elemental analysis : High‐angle annular dark‐field(HAADF) scanning TEM (STEM) with energy‐dispersive x‐ray analysis (EDAX)Results TEM shows the multiple heterogeneous dense deposits in the anterior lens capsule. HAADF‐STEM shows bright particle deposits. EDAX shows high emission peaks for copper.Conclusion This is first report of TEM study for anterior capsule of sunflower cataract. We found the multiple heterogeneous dense deposits in the anterior lens capsule. And we confirmed that copper was a component of these particles using EDAX.
Safer posterior capsule polishing using the silicone sleeve from I/A cannula
Authors: GIRAUD JM , FENOLLAND J , EL CHEHAB H , FRANCOZ M , SENDON D , MESSAOUDI R , DOT C , MAY F , RENARD JP 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Removing last particles of nuclear cortex from central posterior capsule is sometimes difficult. Diamond blasted cannulas or silicone tipped needles are provided as extra material. We describe a new costless technique for capsular polish using the silicone sleeve of the Irrigation/Aspiration (I/A) cannula. It is also possible to do safer polish‐aspiration of cortical masses.Methods We used Bausch & Lomb* single use I/A cannula 85910ST with metallic tip recovered by a silicone sleeve. After standard I/A procedure, we push a little the sleeve ahead from the rigid plastic part of I/A cannula, just to put the sleeve a little ahead the metal cannula and recovering it. Then, we can scrap posterior capsule safely, by direct contact of the end of the silicone sleeve, with irrigation and none or small aspiration. For some adhesives greater parts of cortex, we place a lateral hole of the silicone sleeve just in front of aspiration hole in the metallic cannula. Then we can smoothly and safely scrap the capsula adhesive cortex and just after, when a part of cortex is free, aspire it with strong vacuum.Results We use this method for years with different types of phacoemulsification devices. It gives a very clean scraping of posterior caspsule with great safety. As far as we can know, we never find a description of similar technique in any publication.Conclusion This new use of silicon sleeve is very effective and free of additional costs. Compared to specific capsule polisher cannulas, this technique offers possibility to scrap capsule and do I/A in the same time. Compared to classic polishing with metallic extremity of I/A cannula, It seems more safe to do it with a soft, non traumatic silicone sleeve.
Bilateral phacoemulsification in the day: a wise decision?
Authors: RAMIRO P , CABEZON L , MINGUEZ E , CRISTOBAL JA , PADGETT E , JIMENEZ B , ASCASO J , PINILLA I 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Bilateral cataract surgery is not part of the regular practice of all centers.It´s indicated only for those cases in which the patient's general condition is very poorMethods We conducted a retrospective study of 106 patients in which visual acuity was assessed before and after surgery, complications, pre, intra and postoperative, the reason for simultaneous intervention, as well as the rate of total bilateral phacoemulsification interventions between 2007‐2011Results The best corrected visual acuity was 0.4 preoperatively half while mean postoperative visual acuity was 0.8. The rate of simultaneous bilateral phacoemulsification in that period was 0.83%.Conclusion Our results show that simultaneous bilateral surgery is a safe and economical way to quickly rehabilitate certain patients with bilateral cataract.
Clinical outcomes following cataract surgery in patients over 90 years old
Authors: MICHALSKA‐MALECKA K , SLOWINSKA‐LOZYNSKA L , GOSCINIEWICZ P 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose The aim of our study was retrospectively evaluate the effect and safety of cataract surgery and intraocular lens implantation (IOL) for patients aged 90 years or older.Methods In the study we involved a total of 122 patients (122 eyes) with senile cataract between the ages of 90 and 100 (mean age 91,22±2,28 years and the gender distribution was 79 females and 43 males). 113 of 122 eyes had phacoemulsification (Phaco) and 9 of 122 eyes had extracapsular extraction (ECCE). Postoperative visual acuity and intraocular pressure (IOP) were observed and analysed on the first day, three months, and six months after surgery. In analysed group there were 26 of 122 patients (21,31%) with glaucoma and 54 of 122 patients (44,26%) with degeneration of the central retina.Results The best uncorrected preoperative visual acuity was ≤ 0,1 in 94 of 122 eyes (77,05%), between 0,2‐0,4 in 24 of 122 eyes (19,67%) and between 0,5‐0,7 in 4 of 122 eyes (3,28%). Visual acuity improved in 102 of 122 eyes (84%) and remained the same in 20 of 122 eyes (16,39%). In our investigations we have also found statistically significant implications of cataract surgery on decreasing IOP (intraocular pressure) in the studied group of patients suffering from glaucoma, which were not found in patients without glaucoma. The most important cause of visual impairment after cataract surgery was AMD in the studied group. The central degeneration of retina was found in 54 of 122 patients (44,26%).Conclusion We concluded that advanced age isn’t a contraindication for cataract removal and we have found that cataract surgery with IOL implantation is an effective procedure in aged patients.
Characteristics of the corneal endothelium and pseudoexfoliation syndrome in patients with senile cataract
Authors: KOVALIUNAS E , STECH S , JURKUTE N , CIMBALAS A , ASOKLIS R 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To describe the characteristics of the corneal endothelium in patients with and without pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) over 60 years of age with senile cataract.Methods A prospective age‐matched controlled clinical study was performed on 53 patients (male = 15, female = 38) (53 eyes) with senile cataract from the period January 2012 – May 2012. Endothelial cell density (ECD), mean coefficient of variation in cell size (CV) and mean cell hexagonality were measured using automated specular microscopy. Patients were divided into two groups. 28 patients with PEX (mean age 77.1 years [range 61 ‐ 87] and control group – 25 patients without clinical signs of PEX (mean age 76.8 years [range 62 ‐ 86]. SPSS 21 statistical package was used for statistical analysis.Results In the group of patients with PEX ECD was 2228.57 cells/mm2 [range 1443 – 2757] (± 290.01), hexagonal cells – 62.18 % [range 47‐75] (± 7.08 %), CV ‐ 31,04 [range 22‐47] ± 5,24. In the control group ECD was 2500.96 cells/mm2 [range 2012 – 3243] (± 351.77), hexagonal cells – 59.64 % [range 45‐70] (± 5.92 %), CV ‐ 31,92 [range 25‐39] ± 4,26. The mean difference between two groups with and without PEX for ECD was found to be significant (2228,57 vs 2500,96 cells/mm2, p = 0.003). There was no statistically significant difference between these two groups comparing hexagonality (62,18% vs 59,64%, p = 0,166) and CV (31,04 vs 31,92, p = 0,507).Conclusion The endothelial cell density is significantly lower in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome. PEX had no impact to hexagonality and coefficient of variation in cell size.
Intraocular scattering, a useful tool for the indication of capsulotomy?
Authors: CRUZ N , CASAS P , CRISTOBAL JA , DEL BUEY MA , ASCASO F , PEIRO C , MINGUEZ E 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the correlation between the subjective visual parameters and the objective optical quality parameters, before and after the laser YAG‐Neodymium treatment in patients with posterior capsular opacification (PCO).Methods Prospective study in 30 eyes (30 patients) referred to our service for capsulotomy, without remarkable ocular story except a non complicated phacoemulsification with intraocular implant. We quantify visual acuity (VA), contrast sensitivity (CS) and objective parameters of vision quality measured with a double pass system (Optical Quality Analysis System,Results 78.5 ± 5.4 years was the average age of our patients, the 65.4% were women. Visual acuity values, intraocular scattering index (OSI) and Strehl ratio before the treatment were respectively: 0.4 ± 0.2; 5.84 ± 3.43; 8.89 ± 7.32; 0.06 ± 0.04. We found a moderate, inverse and statistically significant correlation between OSI values and VA before the treatment: ‐0.564 (p value= 0.003). And also a strong and inverse correlation between OSI values and CS values at 1.5, 3, 6 y 12 cycles per degree (cpd): ‐0.665 (p value < 0.001); ‐0.733 (p value < 0.001); ‐0.725 (p value < 0.001) y ‐0.785 (p value < 0.001) respectively. After capsulotomy, all the parameters, subjective and objective, improved significantly, except the CS at 18 cpd. However, we did not find any significant correlation between OSI and the subjective parameters after treatment.Conclusion Tthe determination of OSI values is a useful tool to establish the indication of treatment in patients with suspicion of clinical PCO. Once eliminated the main limiting factor of visual quality, PCO, the absence of correlation indicates the influence of other limiting factors in visual quality.