bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testbed‐assisted learning for digital communications courses
Authors: García‐Naya José A. , Castro Paula M. , González‐López Miguel , Dapena Adriana 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe introduce testbed‐assisted learning as an effective means for teaching digital communications. Laboratory teaching activities of digital communications courses benefit very much from utilizing a hardware testbed, since it greatly facilitates the understanding of very important effects introduced by real‐world transceivers. We overcome the main drawback of communications hardware, that is, the cumbersome low‐level programming interfaces provided by hardware manufacturers, by introducing a distributed multilayer software architecture. This architecture provides different abstraction levels to access hardware testbeds, releasing students from the low‐level interaction with the hardware. Also, the distributed nature of this architecture results in a high flexibility of operation. This way, students can focus on learning communications topics without devoting any time to low‐level programming, that is usually out of the scope of digital communications courses. Thanks to testbed‐assisted learning, they are able to perform illustrative experiments to understand digital communications concepts (e.g., source coding, modulation, space‐time coding, etc.) and to test algorithms without developing a new program from scratch, speeding up both the implementation and the debugging tasks. However, those students interested in hardware implementations can use the software architecture to access and interact with lower programming levels until they are as close as possible to the hardware. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 21: 539–549, 2013
Role of imprint cytology in the intraoperative diagnosis of pituitary adenomas
Authors: Afroz Nishat , Khan Nazoora , Hassan Jaseem , Huda M. F. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe cytologic touch imprint alone can be diagnostic of pituitary adenomas and meningiomas, etc. A 45‐year‐old man was operated upon for intracranial meningioma. Imprint cytology revealed distinct cytologic features which helped arriving at the specific diagnosis of pituitary adenoma intraoperatively. Subsequent histopathology and immuno‐histochemistry confirmed the diagnosis. Thus intraoperative touch preparations are of immense help in arriving at a diagnosis as well as in excluding other possible differential diagnoses and therefore can replace frozen section for intraoperative consultations of sellar and parasellar tumors. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011;39:138–140. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Syphilitic lymphadenitis diagnosed via fine needle aspiration biopsy
Authors: Jang David W. , Khan Alifia , Genden Eric M. , Wu Maoxin 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSyphilis is coming back in the recent a few decades especially in the gay and HIV populations. Since syphilis can be “the great mimic” clinically and pathologically, a case report with updated review can be helpful to the medical community. We report, a case of syphilitic lymphadenitis diagnosed via fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). The pitfalls associated with the diagnosis of syphilitic lymphadenitis will be discussed.The patient's medical records were reviewed. The pertinent history, clinical course, and ancillary studies including FNAB cytology with special stains are presented. In addition to the case report, we discuss the diagnosis of syphilitic lymphadenitis and the role of FNAB cytology.This was a 37‐year‐old man presenting with a two‐month history of a growing neck mass, night sweats, and a ten pound weight loss. The patient had been treated one month earlier for primary syphilis. Examination of the head and neck revealed a 3 cm right level II mass. FNAB cytology showed heterogeneous population of lymphocytes and plasma cells suggesting reactive changes. Modified silver staining of the cell block slide was performed and revealed spirochetes, consistent with syphilis. The patient's lymphadenitis resolved with a course of antibiotic treatment.Although lymphadenopathy is a rare presentation of syphilis, it should be included in the differential diagnosis for patients who offer a suspect history. FNAB with silver staining is an effective, minimally invasive way to confirm the diagnosis. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A cascade of irx1a and irx2a controls shh expression during retinogenesis
Authors: Choy Siu Wah , Cheng Chi Wa , Lee Sin Ting , Li Vincent Wai Tsun , Hui Michelle Nga Yu , Hui Chi‐Chung , Liu Dong , Cheng Shuk Han 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn animal retina, hedgehog expression drives waves of neurogenesis, but genetic programs that control its expression during retinal neurogenesis are poorly elucidated. We have previously reported that irx1a is required for propagation of the sonic hedgehog (shh) expression waves in developing zebrafish retina. Here, we found that irx2a is expressed in the developing retina and that knockdown of irx2a results in a retinal phenotype strikingly similar to that of irx1a morphants. The expression of irx2a in retina ganglion cells was shown to be irx1a‐ and ath5‐dependent suggesting that irx1a and ath5 are transcriptional regulators of irx2a. Furthermore, irx2a expression could rescue impaired propagation of shh waves in irx1a morphants. Together, these observations suggest that Irx2 functions downstream of irx1a to control shh expression in the retina. We proposed a novel transcriptional cascade of ath5‐irx1a‐irx2a in the regulation of hedgehog waves during vertebrate retinal development. Developmental Dynamics 239:3204–3214, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multifold Photocyclization Reactions of Styrylcalix[4]arenes
Authors: Hüggenberg Wiebke , Seper Annamaria , Oppel Iris M. , Dyker Gerald 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA photochemical transannular [2+2] cycloaddition reaction is the main reaction pathway for 1,3‐substituted styrylcalix[4]arenes, whereas 1,2‐distyrylcalix[4]arenes give calix[4]diphenanthrenes.
The Glia of Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Oikonomou Grigorios , Shaham Shai 
Published: November 2010

AbstractGlia have been, in many ways, the proverbial elephant in the room. Although glia are as numerous as neurons in vertebrate nervous systems, technical and other concerns had left research on these cells languishing, whereas research on neurons marched on. Importantly, model systems to study glia had lagged considerably behind. A concerted effort in recent years to develop the canonical invertebrate model animals, Drosophila
melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans, as settings to understand glial roles in nervous system development and function has begun to bear fruit. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of glia and their roles in the nervous system of the nematode C. elegans. The recent studies we describe highlight the similarities and differences between C. elegans and vertebrate glia, and focus on novel insights that are likely to have general relevance to all nervous systems. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inhibition of reactive astrocytosis in established experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis favors infiltration by myeloid cells over T cells and enhances severity of disease
Authors: Toft‐Hansen Henrik , Füchtbauer Laila , Owens Trevor 
Published: November 2010

AbstractReactive astrocytosis, involving activation, hypertrophy, and proliferation of astrocytes, is a characteristic response to inflammation or injury of the central nervous system. We have investigated whether inhibition of reactive astrocytosis influences established experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis. We made use of transgenic mice, which express herpes simplex virus‐derived thymidine kinase under control of a glial fibrillary acidic protein promotor (GFAP HSV‐TK mice). Treatment of these mice with ganciclovir leads to inhibition of reactive astrocytosis. When GFAP HSV‐TK mice were treated for seven days following onset of EAE with ganciclovir, disease severity increased. Although aquaporin‐4 staining on astrocyte endfeet at the glia limitans remained equally detectable, GFAP immunoreactivity and mRNA expression in CNS were reduced by this treatment. Ganciclovir‐treated GFAP HSV‐TK mice with EAE had a 78% increase in the total number of infiltrating myeloid cells (mainly macrophages), whereas we did not find an increase in infiltrating T cells, using quantitative flow cytometry. Per cell expression of mRNA for the macrophage‐associated molecules TNFα, MMP‐12 and TIMP‐1 was elevated in spinal cord of GFAP HSV‐TK mice treated with ganciclovir. Relative expression of CD3ϵ was downregulated, and expression levels of IFNγ, IL‐4, IL‐10, IL‐17, and Foxp3 were not significantly changed. mRNA expression of CCL2 was upregulated, and CXL10 was downregulated. Thus, inhibition of reactive astrocytosis after initiation of EAE leads to increased macrophage, but not T cell, infiltration, and enhanced severity of EAE. This emphasizes the role of astrocytes in controlling leukocyte infiltration in neuroinflammation. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cysteine tagging for MS‐based proteomics
Authors: Giron Priscille , Dayon Loïc , Sanchez Jean‐Charles 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAmino acid‐tagging strategies are widespread in proteomics. Because of the central role of mass spectrometry (MS) as a detection technique in protein sciences, the term “mass tagging” was coined to describe the attachment of a label, which serves MS analysis and/or adds analytical value to the measurements. These so‐called mass tags can be used for separation, enrichment, detection, and quantitation of peptides and proteins. In this context, cysteine is a frequent target for modifications because the thiol function can react specifically by nucleophilic substitution or addition. Furthermore, cysteines present natural modifications of biological importance and a low occurrence in the proteome that justify the development of strategies to specifically target them in peptides or proteins. In the present review, the mass‐tagging methods directed to cysteine residues are comprehensively discussed, and the advantages and drawbacks of these strategies are addressed. Some concrete applications are given to underline the relevance of cysteine‐tagging techniques for MS‐based proteomics. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 30:366–395, 2011
Measuring the levator hiatus with axial MRI sequences: Adjusting the angle of acquisition
Authors: Gregory W. Thomas , Nardos Rahel , Worstell Teresa , Thurmond Amy 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAimsWe aimed to compare MRI measurements of the female levator hiatus and the most caudal “levator ani” muscles between image slices in a plane axial to the body (AxB) and an axial plane parallel to the direction of the puborectalis muscle (AxPRM).MethodsWe performed high‐resolution, T2‐weighted axial magnetic resonance imaging (in two different planes) on 20 sequentially recruited asymptomatic nulliparous women. Levator hiatus measurements were compared between the two planes.ResultsThe mean tilt angle of the AxPRM slices relative to the AxB slices was 18.9° (SD 8.5) and the area of the levator hiatus was 10% greater (P = 0.04) in the AxPRM plane.ConclusionsBy rotating the acquisition plane to be parallel to the puborectalis muscle (sometimes called the plane of minimal hiatal dimensions), some of the measurements of the distal and medial pelvic floor muscles (and the hiatus defined by them) are altered. This issue is important because both MRI and 3D ultrasound are increasingly being used to evaluate the pelvic floor hiatus, and its relationship to childbirth injury and pelvic floor disorders. To make meaningful comparisons, it is important that both modalities are measuring the same thing. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30:113–116, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for external urethral sphincter restoration in a rat model of stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Corcos Jacques , Loutochin Oleg , Campeau Lysanne , Eliopoulos Nicoletta , Bouchentouf Manaf , Blok Bertil , Galipeau Jacques 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effect of intra‐sphincteric injections of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) on Valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP) changes in an animal model of stress urinary incontinence (SUI).Materials and MethodsTwenty‐four female Sprague–Dawley rats underwent bilateral pudendal nerve section to induce SUI. Six rats were SUI controls, 6 received periurethral injection of Plasma‐Lyte (SUI placebo control) and 12 were given periurethral injection of PKH26‐labeled MSCs. Four weeks after injection, conscious cystometry was undertaken in animals and VLPP recorded. All groups were sacrificed, and frozen urethra sections were submitted to pathology and immunohistochemistry assessment.ResultsRat MSCs were positive for the cell surface antigens CD44, CD73, CD90, and RT1A, and negative for CD31, CD45, and RT1B, confirming their stem cell phenotype. In vitro, differentiated MSCs expressed α‐smooth muscle actin (SMA) and desmin, markers of smooth and striated muscles in vivo. Immunohistochemistry of rat urethras revealed PKH26‐labeled MSCs in situ and at the injection site. LPP was significantly improved in animals injected with MSCs. Mean LPP was 24.28 ± 1.47 cmH2O in rats implanted with MSCs and 16.21 ± 1.26 cmH2O in SUI controls (P < 0.001). Atrophic urethras with implanted MSCs were positively stained for myosin heavy chain and desmin.ConclusionRat MSCs have the ability to differentiate and skew their phenotype towards smooth and striated muscles, as demonstrated by SMA up‐regulation and desmin expression. Periurethral injection of MSCs in an animal model of SUI restored the damaged external urethral sphincter and significantly improved VLPP. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30:447–455, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Underwater acoustic localization for small submersibles
Authors: Kottege Navinda , Zimmer Uwe R. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis article discusses the complete processing chain of a high‐precision as well as robust underwater localization method. Range and azimuth as well as relative heading are determined for ranges up to 90 m. For ranges up to 10 m the measured precision is 0.05 m for range, 2 deg for direction, and 5 deg for heading of neighboring vehicles. The system is also designed to be deployable in swarms of vehicles as acoustic localization signals are separated by time slots and maximum length sequence (MLS) signatures. The proposed method is based on the consequent exploitation of MLS broadband signal characteristics and the exploration of several methods for each vehicle to estimate ranges, azimuths, and headings of neighboring vehicles. An existing radio‐based swarm communication system provides additional support and leads to enhanced measurement precision and interference robustness. The capabilities and limitations of the proposed systems are experimentally determined and discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Emotional labor in china: do perceived organizational support and gender moderate the process?
Authors: Nixon Ashley E. , Yang Liu‐Qin , Spector Paul E. , Zhang Xichao 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis survey study of 2201 employees from a large mobile phone company investigated how perceived organizational support (POS) and gender moderate the impact of emotional labor strategies on employee strain. Emotional labor strategies were related to employee strain, including turnover intentions, job satisfaction, burnout, and mental well‐being in the expected directions. POS moderated these relationships such that POS was related to more positive outcomes for employees who engaged in deep acting but exacerbated negative outcomes for employees who engaged in surface acting. Gender moderated these relationships such that women were more likely than men to report positive consequences when engaging in deep acting. POS and gender interacted with deep acting in predicting cynicism such that POS was related to reduced cynicism in response to deep acting for women but not for men. These results indicate that organizational policies and training opportunities aimed at improving POS and use of deep acting over surface acting could be valuable for organizations. Results also illuminate the important and complicated moderating role of POS and gender in the emotional labor process. Future research directions for scholars investigating the emotional labor process, its consequences, moderators and its cross‐cultural relevance are discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A survey of algorithmic skeleton frameworks: high‐level structured parallel programming enablers
Authors: González‐Vélez Horacio , Leyton Mario 
Published: November 2010

AbstractStructured parallel programs ought to be conceived as two separate and complementary entities: computation, which expresses the calculations in a procedural manner, and coordination, which abstracts the interaction and communication. By abstracting commonly used patterns of parallel computation, communication, and interaction, algorithmic skeletons enable programmers to code algorithms without specifying platform‐dependent primitives. This article presents a literature review on algorithmic skeleton frameworks (ASKF), parallel software development environments furnishing a collection of parameterizable algorithmic skeletons, where the control flow, nesting, resource monitoring, and portability of the resulting parallel program is dictated by the ASKF as opposed to the programmer. Consequently, the ASKF can be positioned as high‐level structured parallel programming enablers, as their systematic utilization permits the abstract description of programs and fosters portability by focusing on the description of the algorithmic structure rather than on its detailed implementation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Computer network optimization
Authors: Rezazad Hadi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractComputer networks are vital in our everyday lives. It is important to design network configurations with special consideration for their various aspects, such as security, integrity, scalability, and cost. It is especially important for a network to be built as robustly as possible to protect against failures, attacks, and intrusions. In this article, I review methods to assess and improve the robustness and efficiency of computer networks. These methods use computer network analysis, social network analysis, evolutionary computing, statistical methods, and graph theory. Specifically, the aim has been to achieve enhanced network robustness and efficiency with a primary focus on architecture and topology of networks. Metrics have been developed for measuring the robustness and efficiency elements of networks and to construct an evolutionary algorithm for the enhancement of these elements. These methods have been applied to various networks, including random networks, biased networks, and real‐life networks. These networks have been analyzed and enhanced using the evolutionary algorithm. Using the metrics, it is shown how the robustness and efficiency of the networks improve. In addition, through this evolutionary process, certain network parameters, as well as the network topological configuration converge. WIREs Comp Stat 2011 3 34–46 DOI: 10.1002/wics.135This article is categorized under:

Algorithms and Computational Methods > Genetic Algorithms and Evolutionary Computing
Data: Types and Structure > Graph and Network Data
Algorithms and Computational Methods > Networks and Security
Electrocardiogram analysis of the normal unanesthetized green peafowl (Pavo muticus)
Authors: Hassanpour H. , Hojjati P. , Zarei H. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe aim of this study was to describe normal electrocardiogram (ECG) patterns and values in unanesthetized green peafowl (Pavo muticus). The standard bipolar and augmented unipolar limb leads ECGs were recorded in the birds. The waveforms were analyzed in all leads at 50 mm/sec and at 10 mm = 1 mV to determine P, PR (segment and interval), QRS, ST, QT durations, P, net QRS complex and T amplitudes. The polarity of each waveform was tabulated in all leads. The mean electrical axis (MEA) for the frontal plane was calculated using leads II and III. The mean heart rates were calculated from lead II that was 257.5±5.33 beats/min. The P wave was dominantly positive in all leads. The dominant pattern of waveforms of the QRS complexes were QS in leads II, III, and aVF. In leads I, aVR and aVL, the R pattern was dominant. The T wave was almost positive in leads I, II, and aVF. The average value of the heart MEA was −96.75±3.31°. Description of normal ECG parameters will facilitate a better realizing of ECG changes of unhealthy green peafowls. Zoo Biol 30:542–549, 2011. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Neurochemical evidence that 3‐methylglutaric acid inhibits synaptic Na+,K+‐ATPase activity probably through oxidative damage in brain cortex of young rats
Authors: Ribeiro César Augusto João , Hickmann Fernanda Hermes , Wajner Moacir 
Published: November 2010

Abstract3‐Methylglutaconic aciduria (MGTA) comprehends a group of disorders biochemically characterized by accumulation of 3‐methylglutaric acid (MGA), 3‐methylglutaconic acid (MGT) and occasionally 3‐hydroxyisovaleric acid (OHIVA). Although neurological symptoms are common in the affected individuals, the mechanisms of brain damage are poorly known. In the present study we investigated the in vitro effect MGA, MGT and OHIVA, at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 5.0 mM, on bioenergetics and oxidative stress in synaptosomal preparations isolated from cerebral cortex of young rats. MGA significantly reduced mitochondrial redox potential (25%), as determined by resazurin reduction, and inhibited the activity of Na+,K+‐ATPase (30%), whereas MGT and OHIVA did not modify these parameters. Moreover, the inhibitory effect elicited by MGA on Na+,K+‐ATPase activity was totally prevented by co‐incubation with the scavenging antioxidants creatine and melatonin, implying a role for reactive species in this effect. MGA also increased 2′,7′‐dichlorofluorescein (DCFH) oxidation (30%), reinforcing that this organic acid induces reactive species production. The present data indicate that MGA compromises mitochondrial function, elicits reactive species production and inhibits the activity of a crucial enzyme implicated in neurotransmission. It is therefore presumed that these deleterious effects may play a role in the pathophysiology of the brain damage observed in patients affected by disorders in which MGA accumulates.
JOHN CALVIN AND THE ENGLISH CATHOLICS, c. 1565–1640
Authors: MARSHALL PETER 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThis article examines the assessments of John Calvin's life, character, and influence to be found in the polemical writings of English Catholics in the Elizabethan and early Stuart periods. It demonstrates the centrality of Calvin to Catholic claims about the character and history of the established church, and the extent to which Catholic writings propagated a vibrant ‘black legend’ of Calvin's egotism and sexual depravity, drawing heavily not only on the writings of the French Calvinist-turned-Catholic Jerome Bolsec, but also on those of German Lutherans. The article also explores how, over time, Catholic writers increasingly identified some common ground with anti-puritans and anti-Calvinists within the English church, and how claims about the seditious character of Calvin, and by extension Calvinism, were used to articulate the contrasting ‘loyalty’ of Catholics and their right to occupy a place within the English polity.