bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Societal shifts and changed patterns of poverty
Authors: Fritzell Johan , Ritakallio Veli‐Matti 
Published: April 2010

Fritzell J, Ritakallio VM. Societal shifts and changed patterns of povertyInt J Soc Welfare 2010: ••: ••–••© 2010 The Author(s), Journal compilation © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and International Journal of Social Welfare.This article uses data from the Luxembourg Income Study to analyse cross‐national and cross‐temporal poverty risks in 11 Western countries. We show that poverty risks have tended to increase from the early 1980s to 2000. In line with what we would expect based on the welfare state literature, the Nordic countries tend to have the lowest poverty rates. However, the proportion of the national population with a market income below the poverty threshold has increased in all countries and the cross‐national variation in market income poverty is not apparently related to the type of welfare state regime. We perform a simulation analysis to test whether structural factors, that is, compositional differences in age, family and labour market behaviour, could account for the cross‐national variation found. Our results demonstrate the increasing importance of household labour market attachment for alleviating poverty risks, as well as for explaining the cross‐national variation in these risks.
Social policy and health: transition countries in a comparative perspective
Authors: Ferrarini Tommy , Sjöberg Ola 
Published: April 2010

T. Ferrarini, O. Sjöberg. Social policy and health: transition countries in a comparative perspectiveInt J Soc Welfare 2010: ••: ••–••© 2010 The Author(s), Journal compilation © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and International Journal of Social Welfare.This article analyses the development and design of unemployment insurance and family policy benefits and their links to health outcomes in Estonia, Poland, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, the Czech Republic and Hungary from the mid‐1990s. Comparing these six transition countries with long‐standing welfare democracies reveals important similarities and differences in policy and health. Unemployment benefit schemes resemble corporatist schemes in important respects, however, with lower coverage and average benefits. Subjective wellbeing is also comparatively low among both employed and unemployed in the transition countries. Several transition countries have mixed family policy strategies that simultaneously support dual‐earner families and traditional gender roles. One clear exception is Slovenia, which has a highly developed dual‐earner support. Family policy generosity is related to lower rates of poverty, infant mortality and child injuries. The article demonstrates the fruitfulness of institutional analyses of the link between social policy and population health in a broader welfare state context.
Influence of high dose tumescent local anaesthesia with prilocaine on systemic interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8 and tumour necrosis factor‐α
Authors: Schmittner MD , Faulhaber J , Kemler B , Koenen W , Thumfart JO , Weiss C , Neumaier M , Beck GC 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackground and objective  Tumescent local anaesthesia (TLA) with high prilocaine doses leads to formation of methemoglobin (MHb) which is known to be a potent activator of pro‐inflammatory endothelial cell response in vitro. As TLA is widely used for large dermatological resections, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high prilocaine doses on the systemic inflammatory response in vivo and its clinical relevance.Methods  This prospective study examines the influence of MHb on serum interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8 and tumour necrosis tumour necrosis (TNF)‐α levels up to 72 h after application of TLA with prilocaine in doses higher than 600 mg.Results  A total of 30 patients received prilocaine in a median dose of 1500 mg (range: 880–4160 mg) for large resections. Peak prilocaine serum concentration was reached 4 h (0.72 ± 0.07 μg/mL), the maximum concentration of MHb (7.43 ± 0.87%) and IL‐6 (28.4 ± 4.1 U/L) 12 h after TLA application. TNF‐α and IL‐8 release were not found significantly increased. Three patients developed MHb concentrations >15%.Conclusions  This clinical study shows for the first time that a high prilocaine serum concentration leads in vivo to elevated systemic levels of IL‐6 but not of IL‐8 and TNF‐α because of initial high MHb levels. Because of possible and unpredictable high MHb concentrations, TLA should only be performed with prilocaine in doses of 2.5 mg/kg. In general, new solutions of TLA are necessary to achieve adequate anaesthesia for large dermatological resections to decrease the risk of methemoglobinaemia.
Incidence and factors associated with recurrence after incomplete excision of basal cell carcinomas: a study of 90 cases
Authors: Santiago F , Serra D , Vieira R , Figueiredo A 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackground  Management of incompletely excised basal cell carcinomas (BCC) remains controversial.Objective  The aim of this study was to assess the rate and the factors associated with the recurrence of incompletely excised BCC.Methods  In this retrospective monocentric study, data from all surgically excised BCC during 4 years (2000 to 2003) were analysed.Results  A total of 947 BCC were excised. Of these, 90 were incompletely excised (9.5%). This group was kept under clinical follow‐up for a median period of 62.5 months (range 12–84). Recurrence was confirmed in 29 patients (32.2%). The median interval to recurrence was 12 months (range 1–57). Recurrence of incompletely excised BCC was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in younger patients, in aggressive histological types and in localizations like postauricular and nasogenian folds.Conclusion  Observation might be an acceptable option in many situations, but for patients with aggressive types of BCC, or with tumours localized in risk areas of the face, immediate re‐excision appears to be the treatment of choice. A careful follow‐up is indicated for at least 3 years; however, long lasted recurrence should not be underestimated.
Genital psoriasis: a questionnaire‐based survey on a concealed skin disease in the Netherlands
Authors: Meeuwis KAP , De Hullu JA , De Jager MEA , Massuger LFAG , Van De Kerkhof PCM , Van Rossum MM 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackground  Psoriatic lesions may involve nearly all sites of the body. Involvement of the genital skin is frequently classified as part of intertriginous psoriasis without special awareness and treatment for this presentation of the disease. Gaining knowledge about the frequency of the involvement of genital skin in these patients will improve the overall care for patients with psoriasis.Objectives  We studied the prevalence of genital psoriasis in the Netherlands and epidemiological characteristics of this specific presentation of the disease. Furthermore, we studied the relation between flexural and genital psoriasis.Patients/Methods  A self‐administered questionnaire was sent to all 5300 members of the Dutch Psoriasis Society. Sociodemographic patient characteristics and disease‐related data (such as localization of psoriatic lesions, involvement of the genitalia, age at onset of genital psoriasis and severity of genital psoriatic lesions) were collected and analysed.Results  A response rate of 37% was achieved. Almost 46% of the responding patients with psoriasis, that is 16.5% of all potential responders (n = 5300), report genital involvement at some time during the course of their disease. The genitalia can become affected at any age. Many patients with current genital involvement (38%) do not have the flexural skin affected.Conclusions  A large part of patients with psoriasis suffer from genital psoriasis, which was not associated with flexural involvement in at least one third of them. More attention to the genital region is required in the current standard treatment of both male and female psoriatic patients at any age.
In vitro antifungal susceptibility of dermatophyte strains causing tinea pedis and onychomycosis in patients with non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus: a case‐control study
Authors: Özcan D , Seçkin D , Demirbilek M 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackground  The efficacy of antifungal treatment may be reduced and/or delayed in diabetic patients. To date, no study has investigated the in vitro antifungal susceptibility of dermatophytes in this patient group.Objective  We aimed to determine the dermatophyte species causing tinea pedis and onychomycosis, and in vitro susceptibility of these dermatophytes to terbinafine, itraconazole, and fluconazole in patients with non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus. We compared the findings in diabetic patients with those in non‐diabetic individuals.Materials and methods  One hundred patients with non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus and 100 otherwise healthy controls clinically suspected with tinea pedis and/or onychomycosis were included. Skin scrapings and/or nail clippings were taken and cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar, mycobiotic agar, and dermatophyte test medium. In vitro antifungal susceptibility tests were carried out according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M‐38P protocol with some modifications.Results  Fifty‐seven samples of 54 diabetics and 50 samples of 50 controls grew dermatophytes. In both groups, Trichophyton rubrum was the most common isolate. Mean MIC values of terbinafine, itraconazole, and fluconazole for all of the isolated dermatophyte strains were similar in two groups (P > 0.05). The difference in mean MIC values of three antifungals for T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes between two groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05).Conclusions  Dermatophyte types causing tinea pedis and onychomycosis, their frequency patterns, and in vitro activity of three antifungals against dermatophytes in diabetics are similar to the non‐diabetics. Terbinafine is the most active agent in vitro in both groups.
Gender aspects in skin diseases
Authors: Chen W , Mempel M , Traidl‐Hofmann C , Al Khusaei S , Ring J 
Published: April 2010

AbstractGender differences in medicine have been recognized in anatomy, physiology, as well as in epidemiology and manifestations of various diseases. With respect to skin disorders, males are generally more commonly afflicted with infectious diseases while women are more susceptible to psychosomatic problems, pigmentary disorders, certain hair diseases, and particularly autoimmune as well as allergic diseases. Significantly, more female sex‐associated dermatoses can be identified than the male sex‐associated dermatoses. Dermatoses in the genital area differ between men and women. Gender differences also exist in the occurrence and prognosis of certain skin malignancies. The mechanisms underlying gender differences in skin diseases remain largely unknown. Differences in the skin structure and physiology, effect of sex hormones, ethnic background, sociocultural behaviour and environmental factors may interact to exert the influences. A better understanding of gender differences in human health and diseases will allow the development of novel concepts for prevention, diagnosis and therapy of skin diseases.
Subsurface characterization of methane production and oxidation from a New Hampshire wetland
Authors: SHOEMAKER J. K. , SCHRAG D. P. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe measured the carbon isotopic composition of pore water carbon dioxide from Sallie’s Fen, a New Hampshire poor fen. The isotope profiles are used in combination with a one‐dimensional diffusion–reaction model to calculate rates of methane production, oxidation and transport over an annual cycle. We show how the rates vary with depth over a seasonal cycle, with methane produced deeper during the winter months and at progressively shallower depths into the summer season. The rates of methane production, constrained by the measured δ13Cdic profiles, cannot explain high methane emission during the summer. We suggest that much of the methane produced during this time comes either from the unsaturated peat, or from the top 1–3 cm of saturated peat where episodic exchange with the atmosphere makes it invisible to our method.
Analysis of requests for information and data from a national soil data centre in France
Authors: De Forges A. C. Richer , Arrouays D. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe studied a database that recorded all requests to the French National Soil Data Centre between April 2008 and November 2009 when a total of 440 requests were made. Our hypothesis is that an analysis of such requests can provide an insight into awareness of soil issues and data needs. These requests covered a wide range of topics. The most important threats were contamination, erosion and soil organic carbon decline. Soil acidification appeared to be no longer a priority concern. We found a lack of awareness of topics such as soil sealing and soil compaction. Gaps in data coverage are stressed and we highlight some data that were inadequate for some users’ needs.
Idiopathic Ophthalmodynia and Idiopathic Rhinalgia: Two Topographic Facial Pain Syndromes
Authors: Pareja Juan A. , Cuadrado María L. , Porta‐Etessam Jesús , Fernández‐de‐las‐Peñas César , Gili Pablo , Caminero Ana B. , Cebrián José L. 
Published: April 2010

(Headache 2010;50:1286‐1295)Objective.— To describe 2 topographic facial pain conditions with the pain clearly localized in the eye (idiopathic ophthalmodynia) or in the nose (idiopathic rhinalgia), and to propose their distinction from persistent idiopathic facial pain.Background.— Persistent idiopathic facial pain, burning mouth syndrome, atypical odontalgia, and facial arthromyalgia are idiopathic facial pain syndromes that have been separated according to topographical criteria. Still, some other facial pain syndromes might have been veiled under the broad term of persistent idiopathic facial pain.Methods.— Through a 10‐year period we have studied all patients referred to our neurological clinic because of facial pain of unknown etiology that might deviate from all well‐characterized facial pain syndromes.Results.— In a group of patients we have identified 2 consistent clinical pictures with pain precisely located either in the eye (n = 11) or in the nose (n = 7). Clinical features resembled those of other localized idiopathic facial syndromes, the key differences relying on the topographic distribution of the pain.Conclusions.— Both idiopathic ophthalmodynia and idiopathic rhinalgia seem specific pain syndromes with a distinctive location, and may deserve a nosologic status just as other focal pain syndromes of the face. Whether all such focal syndromes are topographic variants of persistent idiopathic facial pain or independent disorders remains a controversial issue.
Bilateral intracranial electroencephalographic monitoring immediately following corpus callosotomy
Authors: Silverberg Alyson , Parker‐Menzer Kimberly , Devinsky Orrin , Doyle Werner , Carlson Chad 
Published: April 2010

SummaryAlthough many patients with medically refractory focal epilepsy are candidates for resective surgery, patients with multifocal epilepsy and symptomatic generalized epilepsy remain difficult to treat medically and surgically. Corpus callosotomy has been utilized since 1940 for the treatment of seizures, with reports of efficacy in multiple seizure types. Previous studies have demonstrated subsequent lateralization of bilateral/bisynchronous epileptiform activity following callosotomy. To investigate the efficacy of bilateral intracranial electroencephalographic studies immediately following corpus callosotomy, we retrospectively identified 26 patients who underwent corpus callosotomy at our center, 18 of whom had intracranial monitoring following corpus callosotomy. Five of the 18 had focal resections following intracranial electroencephalography (EEG). No patients were seizure free following callosotomy or resection. No differences in postoperative outcomes were seen between patients with intracranial EEG versus those without.
Alteration of dopamine D2/D3 receptor binding in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
Authors: Landvogt Christian , Buchholz Hans‐Georg , Bernedo Viviane , Schreckenberger Mathias , Werhahn Konrad J. 
Published: April 2010

SummaryPurpose: To quantify extrastriatal and striatal D2/D3 receptor binding in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) using the high‐affinity dopamine D2/D3 receptor positron emission tomography (PET) ligand18F‐Fallypride ([18F]FP).Methods: Twelve patients with JME and 21 age‐matched control subjects were studied. Dynamic images (180 min) were acquired after injection of [18F]FP. Patients had been seizure‐free of all seizure types for at least 10 days before scanning. Parametric images of binding potential (BP) were created using the simplified reference tissue model. The images were stereotactically normalized using a ligand‐specific template. We performed a voxel‐based analysis with statistical parametric mapping (SPM2). Region of interest (ROI) analysis was done comparing the BP of the thalamus, caudate nucleus, anterior (ventral) and posterior (dorsal) putamen, ventral striatum, and temporal lobe.Results: Compared to controls, patients with JME showed a significant decrease in [18F]FP BP (SPM analysis corr. p < 0.001 at cluster level) restricted to the bilateral posterior putamen. There was no significant alteration of [18F]FP binding in other brains regions. ROI analysis revealed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease of [18F]FP BP in the left (mean −14.8%) and right (mean −16.9%) posterior putamen, but not in the anterior putamen, caudate, ventral striatum, thalamus, or temporal lobe.Discussion: Patients with JME showed a reduction in D2/3 receptor binding restricted to the bilateral posterior putamen, suggesting a specific alteration of the dopaminergic system. Whether these changes can be regarded as merely functional or whether they relate to the pathophysiology of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy still remains unclear.
Distribution and proliferation of bone marrow cells in the brain after pilocarpine‐induced status epilepticus in mice
Authors: Longo Beatriz , Romariz Simone , Blanco Miriam Marcela , Vasconcelos Juliana Fraga , Bahia Luciana , Soares Milena Botelho Pereira , Mello Luiz E. , Ribeiro‐dos‐Santos Ricardo 
Published: April 2010

SummaryThe distribution of bone marrow cells in brain areas during the acute period after pilocarpine‐induced status epilepticus (SE) was investigated here. To achieve this, we generated chimeric mice by engrafting bone marrow cells from enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) transgenic mice. GFP+ bone marrow–derived cells were found throughout the brain, predominantly in the hippocampus. As expected, these cells exhibited the characteristics of microglia. The pattern of distribution, proliferation, and differentiation of GFP+ cells changes as a function of intensity and time following SE. This pattern is also a consequence of the inflammatory response, which is followed by the progressive neuronal damage that is characteristic of the pilocarpine model.
Reliability of voxel values from cone‐beam computed tomography for dental use in evaluating bone mineral density
Authors: Nomura Yoshikazu , Watanabe Hiroshi , Honda Eiichi , Kurabayashi Tohru 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether it was possible to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) using voxel values from cone‐beam CT (CBCT) for dental use.Materials and methods: A water phantom with an aluminum rod and sample tubes containing iodine solutions of various concentration was imaged by CBCT and multi‐slice CT (MSCT). Voxel values and CT numbers, respectively, of the samples were measured and their correlation was investigated. In addition, based on the CT numbers of a hydroxyapatite (HA) reference phantom, a conversion formula from voxel value to BMD was obtained.Results: There was a positive correlation between the voxel values of CBCT and the iodine concentration of the solutions, regardless of the X‐ray dose or the mean energy, although the voxel values had a slight tendency to be saturated at higher iodine concentrations. An excellent correlation between the voxel values and CT numbers was also observed. A regression analysis showed that nonlinear (linear‐quadratic model) regression was more appropriate than linear regression fitting for plotting these two values, although the latter might be usable for clinical applications. The conversion formula from the voxel value of CBCT to the equivalent BMD was as follows: y=−0.03669x2+3.602x−350.3 (x: voxel value, y: BMD mg/cm3 HA).Conclusions: This study revealed that there was a high correlation between the voxel values of CBCT and the CT numbers of MSCT. Although this was an in vitro study with assumed ideal conditions for measuring voxel values, there was a clear possibility for estimating CT numbers and BMD using the voxel values from the CBCT images, but the relationship was not entirely linear and should be examined further. To cite this article:
Nomura Y, Watanabe H, Honda E, Kurabayashi T. Reliability of voxel values from cone‐beam computed tomography for dental use in evaluating bone mineral density. Clin Oral Impl Res. 21, 2010; 558–562. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2009.01896.x
Long‐term, retrospective evaluation (implant and patient‐centred outcome) of the two‐implant‐supported overdenture in the mandible. Part 2: marginal bone loss
Authors: Vercruyssen M. , Quirynen M. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjective: In part 2 of this long‐term, retrospective study on the two‐implant‐supported overdenture in the mandible, the annual marginal bone loss was evaluated in detail and parameters, with a significant effect on the annual bone loss, were verified.Material and methods: For all 495 patients with an overdenture in the mandible at least 5 years in function, data up to their last follow‐up visit had been collected, including long‐cone radiographs (taken at the abutment connection and after years 1, 3, 5, 8, 12 and 16 of loading) and probing data at their last evaluation. General information (medical history, implant data, report on surgery) was retrieved from the patient's file. Two hundred and forty‐eight patients had been clinically examined recently. For the others, information on bone level and probing depths were retrieved from the patient's files, as all patients had been enrolled in our annual follow‐up schedule.Results: The mean annual bone loss on a site level (without considering the first year of bone remodelling) after 3 years of loading was 0.08 mm/year (SD=0.22, n=1105), after 5 years of loading 0.07 mm/year (SD=0.14, n=892), after 8 years of loading 0.06 mm/year (SD=0.12, n=598), after 12 years 0.04 mm/year (SD=0.07, n=370) and 0.05 mm/year (SD=0.05, n=154) after 16 years of loading. Ongoing bone loss was seen in a number of implants (n=26) with the annual bone loss exceeding 0.2 mm. Some factors clearly showed a significant impact on bone loss: smoking (≥10 cigarettes/day), GBR, the presence of dehiscence and bone quantity(the latter only during the first year). The probing data showed a favourable condition, with <1.2% of the approximal pockets being ≥6 mm, and 4.1%=5 mm.Conclusions: The mean annual bone loss over the study period was <0.1 mm/year after the first year of loading. However, a small number (2.5%) of the implants showed continuing bone loss. To cite this article: Vercruyssen M, Quirynen M. Long‐term, retrospective evaluation (implant and patient‐centred outcome) of the two‐implants‐supported overdenture in the mandible. Part 2: marginal bone loss. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 466–472. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2009.01902.x