bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolution of subjective well-being in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. 4D study
Authors: Sanjuan J. , Prieto E. , Galan J. , Manuel B. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionThe subjective well-being has been associated with dropouts of treatment and relapses.ObjectivesDetermine baseline variables associated with a positive evolution in subjective well-being (increase of 20% and ≥10 points in subjective SWN-K). Assess the relationship between SWN-K and compliance of treatment.MethodsNon-interventional, prospective (6 moths) study of a cohort of patients with schizophrenia of schizoaffective disorders who have had a clinical relapse that required a change in therapeutic strategy.Results305 patients were included, 288 (94.4%) was the population analyzed and 272 (89.1%) completed the follow-up. 226 (78.5%) of patients have a diagnosis of schizophrenia, the rest were diagnosed of schizoaffective disorder.Mean total scores in SWN-K were statistically significant in every visit vs. baseline (69.5, 75.5, 77.8 and 80.0). All subscales (social, physical, emotional, mental and self-control) showed a parallel evolution. This progress was associated with compliance according to the evaluations by the psychiatrist, family and patient.Baseline variables associated to positive response in SWN-K in logistic regression were: gender (female) and depressive symptoms (CDSS).ConclusionsProgress in SWN-K score was related to compliance. Depressive symptoms and gender are the only variables at baseline associated with positive response in SWN-K.
Depressive symptoms in patients with schizofrenia or schizoaffective disorder, prevalence and importance in subjective evaluation. 4D study
Authors: Bousoño M. , Galan J. , Prieto E. , Sanjuan J. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionDepressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia has been associated with overall worse outcomes.ObjectiveAssess the prevalence and evolution of depressive symptoms, measured with the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), and its importance in subjective evaluation.MethodsNon-interventional, prospective (6 moths of follow-up) study of a cohort of patients with schizophrenia of schizoaffective disorders who have had a clinical relapse that required a change in the therapeutic strategy.Results305 patients were included, 288 (94.4%) was the population analyzed and 272 (89.1%) completed the follow-up. 226 (78.5%) of patients have a diagnosis of schizophrenia, the rest were diagnosed of schizoaffective disorder.CDSS (unlike SWN-K, PANSS, DAI-10, ICG-G nor PSP) at baseline was correlated (r = −0.18497, p = 0.0016) with Patient Global Impression (PGI) in month_6.Depressive symptoms were the only ones at baseline with statistically significant association to positive response in SWN-K and PGI in the multivariate analysis.ConclusionsOver 50% of patients had depression in relapse time, with a good progress of those symptoms in the follow-up period.Depressive symptoms were the unique at baseline associated with a good subjective evaluation from the patient.
A B-Learning course to reduced self-stigma in schizophrenia: preparing individuals to active life
Authors: Queiros C. , Sousa S. , Marques A.J. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionPsychosocial Education is defined as give to the patient structured, systematic and didactic information about mental illness and his treatment. Actually is one the most frequent rehabilitation approaches, being used in several mental health departments. The good results obtained by this approach are congruent with the principles and guidelines defined for best practices in rehabilitation process (Rummel-Kluge et al, 2006).AimsDescribe a psycho educative b-learning program develop to reduce self-stigma in schizophrenic individuals.MethodsA psycho educative B-Learning program was developed using the results of other studies. This program was after applied during 4 months with 21 schizophrenic individuals followed in a psychiatric department, evaluated in a pre and pos-test model.ResultsThe program includes 10 sessions intentionally prepared for those individuals, given information to reduced self-stigma using topics such us myths, stereotypes, self-esteem, self-confidence, relapse prevention, social interaction, feel include in the community, being able to ask for help and to recover. All those topics where discuss using Moodle platform from Porto University within a group in the presence of the therapist and individually at home. A sociodrama group was also developed.ConclusionsThis approach seems to empower the individuals, allowing them to achieve the program by their own rhythm and to participate within a group but also to be in contact using the Moodle platform, decreasing feeling of loneliness. Primary results seem to be good, with low relapse, low absenteeism in class and some success in finding a job.
Reduced risk of hospitalisation with risperidone long-acting injectable. Results of the french cohort for the general study of schizophrenia (CGS)
Authors: Grimaldi-Bensouda L. , Rouillon F. , Astruc B. , Rossignol M. , Benichou J. , Falissard B. , Thibaut F. , Limosin F. , Beaufils B. , Vaiva G. , Verdoux H. , Moride Y. , Abenhaim L. , Rasul F. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionMedication non-adherence is a significant risk factor for rehospitalisation in schizophrenia patients. Delayed release formulations like R-LAI may reduce rehospitalisation.ObjectivesTo examine the association between R-LAI use and hospitalisation in schizophrenia patients.AimsTo assess the effect of R-LAI, compared to non-use and use of other antipsychotic drugs, on the risk of hospitalization in real-life settings.MethodThe CGS study recruited schizophrenia patients from 177 public and private wards of psychiatric hospitals across France. Inclusion criteria were schizophrenia (DSM-IV), age 15–65 years, ambulatory/hospitalised for < 93 days at entry. Patients were followed up to 12 months for antipsychotic use and hospitalisation. The recruitment was stratified for long-acting second generation antipsychotic use. Multivariate Poisson regression adjusted for confounding with propensity scores and allowing for autocorrelation was used to estimate relative rates of hospitalisation.ResultsOf 2092 eligible patients, 1859 were included. Their mean age was 38.1 ± 11.1 years, 68.6% were male and 37.8% were hospitalised for < 93 days at entry. A total of 1659 patients (89.2%) were followed up for 12 months, accumulating 933 hospital stays (53.0 per 100 person-years). Compared to other schizophrenia patients, patients on R-LAI were younger, had more often a history of previous hospitalisation for equivalent severity, living conditions and other characteristics. The adjusted relative rate of hospitalisation for R-LAI use against non-use was 0.66 [95% CI 0.46–0.96], and 0.53 [95% CI 0.32–0.88] against long-acting first generation antipsychotics.ConclusionsUse of R-LAI was associated with lower rates of hospitalization compared to non-use of R-LAI.
Protein-c-reactive as a marker of inflammation and cardiovascular disease in patients with schizophrenia: a cross-sectional analysis of a healthcare provider administrative claim database
Authors: Sicras-Mainar A. , Rejas J. , Navarro-Artieda R. , Blanca-Tamayo M. 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe goal of this research was to explore the use of PCR as a marker of inflammation and CVD in patients with Schizophrenia.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis of the BSA administrative claim database was conducted including all men and women, >18 years, with a schizophrenia spectrum disorders (by DSM-IV criteria) diagnosis. PCR measurement together with socio-demographics, evolution, medical history, 10-years CVD risk (Framingham equation) and biochemistry data was extracted for analysis.Results705 patients [53.0% men, 48.2 ± 15.8 years (mean ± SD), 5.9 ± 3.2 years of evolution, 79.7% on atypical drugs] met criteria for analysis. Mean 10-year CVD risk was high; 11.9% ± 5.7% and mean PCR levels were 2.6 + 2.5 mg/L with 30.4% showing values above normal's (≥ 3 mg/L). Unadjusted PCR slightly correlated with CVD risk; r = 0.171, p < 0.001. After adjusting by age, sex, evolution, smoking and anti-inflammatory drugs treatment, PCR was linearly associated with 10-year CVD risk stratified by its level of risk (low, moderate, high/very high); respectively, 2.3 (95% CI: 2.1–2.5), 3.1 (2.6–3.5) and 3.7 (3.2–4.1) mg/L; F = 13.5, p < 0.001. Patients with known CVD showed also higher PCR levels; 3.7 (2.9–4.5) vs. 2.5 (2.4–2.7) mg/L, p = 0.008, and higher probability of values above normal's; Odds Ratio = 4.71 (2.01–11.04), p < 0.001.ConclusionsHigh PCR levels (above normals) were associated with both known CVD and high/very high 10-year risk of CVD event in patients with schizophrenia. Then, PCR might be a marker of inflammation and CVD in this psychiatric disorder.
The usage of new antipsychotics in treatment of schizophrenia with obsessive-compulsive symptoms
Authors: Reznik I. , Yadin S. , Weizman A. 
Published: May 2011

BackgroundObsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms have been observed in a substantial proportion of schizophrenic patients. Different etiopathological origins of OC symptoms make this type of schizophrenia to be a heterogeneous entity in phenomenological as well as in therapeutic aspects. The complex nature of the treatment response in this group of schizophrenic patients is as yet unclear.MethodsWe present a large case series study describes our experience with clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprazidone, amisulpiride, sertindole and paliperidone as a sole agents and in combination with serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) in patients with OCD-schizophrenia (n = 55) and schizo-obsessive disorder (n = 64).ResultsIn patients with OCD-schizophrenia treatment with atypicals (other than clozapine), the better results (significant reduction of OC as well as schizophrenia symptoms) were achieved in combination with SRIs, while olanzapine showed the fastest overall improvement. In schizo-obsessive patients, treatment with atypicals (including clozapine) as monotherapy was the better therapeutic modality, and the risperidone showed the best results. Quetiapine, amisulpiride, sertindole, paliperidone and ziprazidone (as sole agents and with SRIs) were shown as approximately equal in their antipsychotic and antiobsessive activity and overall safety.ConclusionsThe effects of different atypicals (with/without SRIs) on psychotic and OC symptoms are vary, probably due to different origin of OC symptoms. We suggest that:1) schizo-obsessive patients might be successfully treated with atypicals alone;2) in OCD-schizophrenia atypicals monotherapy may be less efficient, and in some cases may worsen OC symptoms, so it should be treated concomitantly with SRIs. Further investigations are needed to substantiate our observations.
Impact of religion on acute schizophrenia in IRAQ
Authors: Rhemah S.J. 
Published: May 2011

BackgroundReligion plays an important role in symptoms phenomenology, attribution and management in the Arab culture. Mentally ill patients in the Arab countries tend to pass through different health care providing filters. Traditional healers form part of the informal and sometimes unofficial health care sector.AimsExplore the timing of local traditions contacts in regard to diagnosis and treatment, and identify types of local traditions contacts of Iraqi schizophrenic patients.MethodsHundred Iraqi acute schizophrenic patients, admitted to Ibn-Rushd psychiatric teaching hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, with informative informant were examined. Information list of 3 parts was prepared: 1st part asking about the contact timing with faith healers in regard to diagnosis and treatment; 2nd asking about the types of traditional faith healer contacts; 3rd was asking about the causes of illness.Results22% have no any contact, 47% contact faith healer before and after, 7% before, 24% after the diagnosis and treatment. Types of traditional faith healer contacts were: Sayed 37%; visiting Emams 54%; jinn dealers 32%; Daraweesh 17%; witchcraft 3%; and reading Holly Quran 9%. Causes of illness were: life stresses 42%; patient himself 25%; poor faith and belief 14%; weak personality 11%; genetic causes 4%; witchcraft 5%; Jinn possession 11%; and wish of God 13%.ConclusionsThis study explores the importance of religious background in the course of diagnosis and treatment of acute schizophrenia. Psycho-education was needed to increase the awareness of publics about faith, beliefs, traditional healers, and mental illness.
Blood polyamine levels in drug-free schizophrenics
Authors: Riaza Bermudo-Soriano C. , Vaquero-Lorenzo C. , Dîaz-Hernândez M. , Garda Dorado M. , Sânchez-Pâez P. , Durân Cristobal I. , Manzanero Estopinân R. , Gômez-Arnau J. , Baca-Garcîa E. , Pérez Piqueras J. , Sâiz Ruiz J. , Chinchilla Moreno A. 
Published: May 2011

BackgroundNatural polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) are low molecular weight highly protonated aliphatic molecules that physiologically modulate NMDA, AMPA/kainate glutamatergic receptors and limbic dopaminergic neurotransmission. Previous studies had demonstrated that polyamine metabolism might be disrupted in schizophrenia, what could potentially be linked to glutamatergic dysfunction. In particular, polyamine levels in blood and fibroblast cultures from patients with schizophrenia had previously been found to be higher than in healthy controls. Indeed, a significant positive correlation between blood polyamine levels and severity of illness may exist.MethodsIn order to test potential differences in blood polyamine levels between drug-free schizophrenia in-patients (n = 12), and healthy controls (n = 26, blood donors), spermidine (spd), spermine (spm), and spermidine/spermine index (spd/spm) were determined using HPLC after dansylation.ResultsNo significant differences were found between groups (t = 0,974; df = 36; P = 0,337 for spd, t = l0, 52; df = 36; P = 0,959 for Spm, and, t = 0, 662; df = 36; P = 0,512 for spd/spm).ConclusionsThough we couldn’t replicate previous findings suggesting disturbances in blood polyamine levels in schizophrenia, this issue may be a promising target. Future research should take into account possible factors such as sex, nutritional state, and stress.
The schizophrenia caregiver quality of life questionnaire (S-CGQoL): development and validation of an instrument to measure quality of life of caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia
Authors: Richieri R. , Boyer L. , Loundou A. , Simeoni M.-C. , Reine G. , Auquier P. , Lançon C. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectiveThis study aims to validate a self-administered, multidimensional QoL instrument based on the point of view of caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia.MethodsData were collected through the departments of six psychiatric hospitals in France (n = 246). The item reduction and validation processes were based on both item response theory and classical test theory.ResultsThe S-CGQoL contains 25 items describing seven dimensions (Psychological and Physical Well-Being; Psychological Burden and Daily Life; Relationships with Spouse; Relationships with Psychiatric Team; Relationships with Family; Relationships with Friends; and Material Burden). The seven-factor structure accounted for 74.4% of the total variance. Internal consistency was satisfactory; Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged from 0.79 to 0.92 in the whole sample. The scalability was satisfactory, with INFIT statistics falling within an acceptable range. In addition, the results confirmed the absence of DIF and supported the invariance of the item calibrations.ConclusionThe S-CGQoL is a self-administered QoL instrument that presents satisfactory psychometric properties and can be completed in 5 min, thereby fulfilling the goal of brevity sought in research and clinical practice.
Aripiprazole treatment effects on metabolic syndrome parameters in schizophrenia patients: Preliminary results
Authors: Said M. , Sulaiman A.H. , Habil M.H. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionMetabolic abnormalities have historically been associated with illness such as schizophrenia. However, many studies found aripiprazole has a safer metabolic profile and metabolic neutral for schizophrenic patient.ObjectiveThis is a prospective 24 weeks follow-up study. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the improvements in metabolic syndrome parameters observed in patients who were switched from other antipsychotics.MethodsPatients with schizophrenia treated with antipsychotic who were having abnormal metabolic parameters were switched to aripiprazole. They were analyzed to quantify clinically significant changes in metabolic parameters. At baseline, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure and fasting blood sugar were assessed. Fasting lipid profile was taken for total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides at baseline. The same assessments were repeated at 4-weeks, 12-week and 24-week. Paired t-test and last observation carried forward (LOCF) were used for the statistical analysis.Preliminary results for those who completed 12 weeks follow up were presented.Results46 schizophrenic patients with 26 (56.5%) male and 20 (43.5%) female have completed the 12 weeks follow up. There was statistically significant reduction in mean weight (73.3 ± 19.2 kg) to (71.2 ± 20.5 kg), mean BMI (27.1 ± 5.4) to (26.2 ± 6.0), mean waist circumference for male (96.2 ± 14.1 cm) to (92.9 ± 17.9), mean triglycerices (1.86 ± 0.83 mmol) to (1.59 ± 0.54 mmol).ConclusionIn short-term, switching to aripiprazole treatment resulted in clinically significant improvements in weight, BMI, waist circumference in male, and triglycerices in at-risk patients.
Searching for the genetic markers connected with paranoid schizophrenia and conditioning the treatment efficiency
Authors: Tybura P. , Samochowiec J. 
Published: May 2011

AimThe aim of the study was to find genetic markers which can influence on susceptibility of paranoid schizophrenia and the treatment efficiency measured by the PANSS. We analyzed genes polymorphisms: DRD2 (Taq 1A, in egzon 8, - 141 C ins/del), DAT, GRIK3, SERT, 5HT2A, MAO-A, COMT.MethodOne hundred and ninety one patients with the diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia were recruited as study group. To obtain the diagnosis meeting the criteria to ICD-10 we used the polish version of CIDI - Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Exclusion criteria included serious neurological disorders, major somatic disorders impairing cognitive functions and diagnosed mental impairment. The intensity of psychopathological symptoms was examined using the PANSS. Genomic DNA was extracted from leucocytes using the Miller's salting method. Polymorphisms were studied by the PCR method.Statistical analyses were performed by the Statistica computer program, specifically Pearson's chi-square test. Associations between the treatment progress and the genotype were studied by analysis of variance (ANOVA).ResultsWe didn’t find associations between investigated genes polymorphisms and susceptibility of paranoid schizophrenia. Probably, there is no influence of studied polymorphisms on the treatment efficiency.ConclusionsNo differences were found in the genotypes distribution in investigated genes polymorphisms between the whole schizophrenics and the control group. No association was found between any particular genotype and the effect of antipsychotic treatment.
Comparative research of polypharmacy efficiency in long-time outpatient therapy of schizophrenia
Authors: Samokhvalova O. , Samokhvalov V. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionA question at issue of clinical psychiatry and psychopharmacology is efficiency of multi-class polypharmacy, adjunctive polypharmacy, augmentation and total polypharmacy in longtime treatment of schizophrenia. It is very important question of pharmacoeconomisc, compliance evaluation, prevention of exacerbation with succeeding hospitalization and social impairment.Objects4 casual samples of patients with the diagnosis of schizophrenia by ICD 10 (F20), undergoing treatment in out-patient conditions for 3 years. Each sample included 50 patients (25 men and 25 women).
1sample - therapy by combinations of typical and atypical antipsychotics 2 generation,2sample - therapy by combinations of antipsychotics and antidepressants,3sample - therapy by combinations of antipsychotics and tranquillizers,4sample - monotherapy of typical or atypical antipsychotics.AimsTo establish dependence of effect of therapy on aggravation (exacerbation) a schizophrenia from number and combinations of psychotropic preparations.MethodsThe clinical-psychopathological method, a comparative statistical method - processing of results was spent by means of SPSS program.ResultsAs a result of research it is revealed that efficiency of therapy reliably does not differ in all 4 groups.ConclusionResearch calls into question expediency of polypharmacy in prevention of exacerbation at a schizophrenia which, probably, is necessary to replace with dynamic monotherapy depending on a leading syndrome at exacerbation.
Cannabis use disorders and age at onset of psychosis in 606 patients with first episode psychosis
Authors: Schimmelmann B. , Kupferschmid S. , Conus P. , Cotton S. , McGorry P. , Lambert M. 
Published: May 2011

BackgroundAge at onset of psychosis (AAO) may be younger in patients with cannabis use disorders (CUD) compared to those without CUD (NCUD). Most previous studies did not control for potential confounders, did not report effect sizes and included mostly adult patients from non-representative samples.MethodsControlling for relevant confounders, differences in AAO between patients with and without lifetime CUD were analysed in a large epidemiologically based cohort of 606 first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients (age 14 to 29 years) admitted within three years to the Melbourne Early Psychosis Prevention and Intervention Centre. Data were collected from medical files using a standardized scale.ResultsOverall, AAO was not significantly different in CUD (n = 449; 74.1%) compared to NCUD, neither univariate nor when controlling for gender and premorbid functioning. However, AAO was younger in those with early CUD (starting before age 14) compared to NCUD (F(1) = 11.3; p = 0.001; partial η2 = 0.042). When considering the subgroups of early versus late onset psychosis, AAO was even later in early onset psychosis patients with CUD compared to those with NCUD (F(1) = 8.4; p = 0.004; partial η2 = 0.072). These findings were consistent for patients with non-affective psychoses, in those with CUD without other substance use disorders and in those with CUD explicitly starting in the pre-psychotic phase. Notably, 89.1% started cannabis before the onset of psychotic symptoms.ConclusionsCUD starting before age 14 was associated with an earlier AAO at a small effect size, but only in adult onset FEP patients.