bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consideraciones Teórico-Prácticas de la Argumentación aplicada al Derecho
Authors: Menco González Eduardo 
Published: February 2025

La argumentación aplicada al campo jurídico es indispensable no sólo como un asunto teórico y de conocimiento en sí, sino porque es la manera de garantizar que el ejercicio jurídico se lleve a cabo con un nivel de rigurosidad acorde a los desafíos que la sociedad contemporánea le exige al derecho: un buen abogado necesariamente es un buen intérprete. La argumentación jurídica no solamente ha tomado una enorme relevancia para quienes ejercen la función jurisdiccional, sino que está en el interés de todos los juristas, los abogados y los estudiantes de derecho incluso. Este artículo de carácter reflexivo tiene como propósito fundamental promover un análisis en los estudiantes de derecho sobre una serie de consideraciones teóricas y prácticas en torno de la argumentación jurídica y cómo, de algún modo, su reconocimiento y asimilación contribuyen a una mejor praxis.
Uji Aktivitas Antimikroba dari Ekstrak Metanol Teripang Asal Perairan Lampung
Authors: Untari Febriana , Rasyid Abdullah , Murniasih Tutik , Wibowo Joko Tri 
Published: February 2025

Teripang memiliki kemampuan dan aktivitas biologis seperti antihipertensi, antioksidan, antikoagulan, antimikroba, hemolitik, sitotoksik, dan imunomodulator. Kemampuan tersebut disebabkan oleh kandungan metabolit primer dan sekunder dalam teripang, seperti peptida, vitamin, mineral, asam lemak, saponin, steroid, karotenoid, kolagen, gelatin, kondroitin sulfat, dan asam amino. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas antimikroba dari ekstrak metanol pada beberapa spesies teripang yang diambil dari perairan Lampung. Penelitian menggunakan metode difusi agar (agar disk-diffusion method). Hasil penelitian ekstrak metanol dari lima spesies teripang yang diujikan kepada lima spesies mikroba menunjukkan hasil yang bervariasi. Rendemen ekstrak metanol teripang tertinggi terdapat pada Bohadschia marmorata (3,88%) sedangkan terendah pada Metriatyla lessoni dengan nilai sebesar 2,68%. Pada uji potensi antibakteri tidak ditemukan adanya aktivitas antibakteri terhadap empat bakteri yang diujikan, tetapi terhadap jamur Candida albicans memperlihatkan adanya zona hambat. Empat spesies teripang memiliki potensi sebagai antimikroba jamur C. albicans yaitu B. marmorata diameter zona hambat 13,35 ± 2,76 mm, Holothuria lessoni 12,9 ± 0,71 mm, Stichopus quadrifasciatus 10,4 ± 0 mm, dan Holothuria leucospilota 8,25 ± 0,07 mm.
Effectiveness and safety of PD-1/L1 inhibitors as first-line therapy for patients with advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma who are ineligible for platinum-based chemotherapy: a meta-analysis
Authors: Liang Weiming , Wang Zhijing , Huang Zhilong , Huang Yanping , Li Chunyan , Liang Yiwen , Huang Miaoyan , Zhang Duo , Li Chenchen 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of programmed cell death protein 1 or its ligand (PD-1/L1) inhibitors as first-line therapy in advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) who are ineligible for platinum-based chemotherapy.MethodA systematic search was conducted in four databases (Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library) to find articles that evaluate the effectiveness of first-line PD-1/L1 inhibitors for mUC, from the establishment of the databases to 22 November 2023. Meta-analyses were performed to evaluate the frequencies of progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD), progressive disease (PD), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and grade ≥ 3 treatment-related adverse events (trAEs).ResultsTotally six studies were included for meta-analysis. The CR, PR, SD, PD, ORR, DCR, and grade ≥ 3 trAEs rate were 0.06 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.04 to 0.07], 0.22 (95% CI, 0.16 to 0.30), 0.27 (95% CI, 0.23 to 0.31), 0.31 (95% CI, 0.20 to 0.44), 0.28 (95% CI, 0.21 to 0.37), 0.57 (95% CI, 0.47 to 0.67) and 0.26 (95% CI, 0.14 to 0.40), respectively. The median PFS and OS were 4.5 months and 13.7 months, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that PD-1/L1 inhibitors monotherapy had an ORR rate of 0.25 (95% CI, 0.21 to 0.29) and a DCR rate of 0.50(95% CI, 0.44 to 0.56), while PD-1/L1 dual immunotherapy had a better ORR rate of 0.33 (95% CI, 0.15 to 0.52) and a DCR rate of 0.65 (95% CI, 0.49 to 0.80). However, there was no significant difference in PFS and OS between the two groups.ConclusionThe findings indicated that PD-1/L1 inhibitors could be used as a safe and viable first-line treatment option for patients with advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma who were not suitable candidates for platinum-based chemotherapy. Specifically, the combination of Enfortumab vedotin (EV) and pembrolizumab (Pembro) showed more effectiveness in treating patients compared to trials using the current standard treatment, suggesting that it could be a promising alternative treatment option.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42024510152.
Prognostic value of body adipose tissue parameters in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Li Yan , Yu Yean , Lv Kun , Ge Rongjuan , Xie Xie 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the relationship between body adipose tissue characteristics and clinical outcomes in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy.MethodsWe conducted an extensive literature search across three major online databases—Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library—to identify studies examining the link between body adipose tissue and treatment outcomes in cancer patients undergoing ICI therapy, from the inception of each database until February 20, 2024. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The primary outcomes analyzed were hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), as well as odds ratios (ORs) for disease control rate (DCR). Pooled estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.ResultsA total of 23 studies were included, encompassing 2741 cancer patients. The analysis revealed that patients with higher levels of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) exhibited significantly improved OS (HR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.59–0.89, p &lt; 0.001) and PFS (HR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.67–0.96, p = 0.015), along with a higher DCR (OR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.26–2.60, p = 0.001), compared to those with lower VAT levels. Additionally, increased subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) levels were associated with significantly better OS (HR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.58–0.82, p &lt; 0.001) and PFS (HR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.68–1.00, p = 0.049), and a higher DCR (OR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.15–3.44, p = 0.014). Elevated total adipose tissue (TAT) levels were also linked to longer OS (HR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.55–0.97, p = 0.028). However, a higher visceral-to-subcutaneous adipose tissue ratio (VSR) was associated with a shorter OS (HR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.09–1.87, p = 0.010). No significant relationship was found between TAT (HR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.54–1.23, p = 0.332) and VSR (HR: 1.20, 95% CI: 0.95–1.51, p = 0.131) with PFS in ICI-treated patients.ConclusionThis study highlights the prognostic relevance of VAT and SAT in predicting treatment response and survival outcomes in cancer patients receiving ICIs. These findings suggest that assessments of VAT and SAT should be incorporated into prognostic evaluations for this patient population.
Text leads, images and videos follow: the impact of processing paths and input modalities on metaphorical competence in Chinese foreign language learners
Authors: Li Siyun , Zhao Yang 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionMetaphorical competence is crucial in the accurate and authentic use of a second language. Processing paths (rational processing verses contextual guessing) and input modalities (unimodal verses multimodal) are major factors that may influence learners' metaphorical acquisition. This study explored how these variables relate to influence Chinese foreign language (CFL) learners' metaphorical competence.MethodsAdvanced CFL participants (N = 60) were divided into four groups using combinations of various processing paths (rational processing and contextual guessing) and input modalities (unimodal and multimodal), and subsequently completed three posttests. The data were subjected to correlation analysis using SPSS software.ResultsRational processing excelled in metaphor comprehension competence (MCC), particularly with unimodal input, although metaphor production competence (MPC) showed an overall decline, especially in multimodal conditions; the rational processing path significantly outperformed the contextual guessing path in the immediate posttest in the three delayed posttests, but the effect diminished over time; Using the rational processing path, test times significantly affected MCC, whereas, MPC was affected by input modality and test times; Using the contextual guessing path, test times significantly affected MCC; With unimodal input, processing paths and test times significantly affected MCC, whereas processing paths affected MPC; With multimodal input, test times significantly affected MCC. MCC increased with time, whereas MPC decreased.DiscussionThis research confirms the applicability of Depth-of-processing Theory, Cognitive Load Theory, and spaced learning strategies in enhancing metaphorical competence through different processing paths and input modalities, thereby expanding their relevance in the domain of CFL acquisition.
Protein and metabolite acclimations to temperature variability in a calcareous green macroalga Halimeda macroloba
Authors: Zhang Hao , Wang Yuyu , Zhang Lingshuai , Wang Zhiqin , Zhu Zejun , Long Lijuan 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionCoral reef ecosystems are undergoing significant restructuring due to climate-driven marine heatwaves. Understanding how calcareous macroalgae, the important primary producers and reef-builders, respond to temperature fluctuations is crucial.MethodsIn our study, we investigated the physiological and molecular responses of the green macroalga Halimeda macroloba to different temperatures (25, 28, 31°C) through quantitative proteomics and untargeted metabolomics analyses.Results and discussionH. macroloba showed an optimal growth at 28°C, with the highest levels of Chl a, calcium content, and photosynthetic efficiency. At the sub-optimal temperature of 25°C, the alga modulated its fatty acid composition to maintain membrane fluidity and accumulated selenium-containing metabolites to mitigate oxidative stress. At the supra-optimal temperature of 31°C, despite reduced photosynthetic performance, the alga maintained high metabolic activity to facilitate growth and calcification by increasing the abundance of proteins involved in light-harvesting, photosystems, and carbon fixation, while redistributing substantial carbon into sugars and fatty acids. Enhanced nitrogen reserves, shown by increased levels of nitrogen uptake and assimilation proteins and amino acids such as pyroglutamic and N-Methyl-D-aspartic acids, likely contributed to its high-temperature tolerance. These findings highlight the resilience of H. macroloba to moderate thermal stress and suggest its important implications for reef conservation and potential applications in aquaculture as ocean temperatures rise.
Association between red cell distribution width to albumin ratio and all-cause mortality in patients with acute pancreatitis admitted to the intensive care unit: a retrospective study based on the MIMIC-IV database
Authors: Chen Xuan , Luo Yuchen , Liu Side 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundRed blood cell volume distribution width (RDW) and albumin (Alb) have been proved to be predictors of mortality in various diseases, such as acute pancreatitis (AP). However, until now the relationship between RDW to Alb ratio (RAR) and mortality in AP has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the relationship between RAR and all-cause mortality in AP.MethodPatients with AP in the Critical Care Medical Information Market (MIMIC-IV) database who met criteria were included in this retrospective study. Associated baseline data was obtained, cleaned and analyzed. Kaplan Meier (K-M) survival curve and Cox proportional hazards regression model were utilized to evaluate the relationship between RAR and all-cause mortality. Restricted Cubic Spline (RCS) was used for exploring how hazard ratio (HR) changes as RAR varied. Additionally, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis and subgroup analysis were conducted to assess the predictive value and to explore the significance of RAR in different populations.Results499 patients were included in this study. Survival curve showed that patients with RAR &gt; 5.14 had higher mortality rate at 7-day (d), 14-d, 21-d, 28-d, 90-d, 180-d and 1-year (y). The univariate and multivariate Cox models revealed an independent association between high-level RAR and all-cause mortality at 28-d, 90-d and 1-y. RCS showed that RAR became a risk factor when exceeding 5.14. RAR only had linear relationship with mortality at 1-y after adjusting for the potential confounders. Subgroup analysis suggested that increased RAR caused higher risk of death in male, non-white people or those patients without respiratory failure (RF). ROC analysis indicated that compared with other parameters such as SOFA score, RAR exhibited higher efficiency in predicting in-hospital and all-cause mortality at 14-d, 21-d, 28-d, 90-d. Combined RAR with BISAP, RAR-modified BISAP showed superiority in predicting short-term mortality (28-d).ConclusionFor patients with AP in ICU, RAR has a strong association with short- and long-term prognosis. Especially, RAR is a promising indicator for short-term all-cause mortality in patients with AP. For males, non-white patients and those without RF, elevated RAR may be a more dangerous signal of mortality.
Age-stratified analysis of the BMI-kidney stone relationship: findings from a national cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhou Liuliu , Gu Wei , Jiang Yufeng , Zhang Haimin 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThe association between body mass index (BMI) and kidney stone formation may vary across different age groups and follow nonlinear patterns.MethodsThis study analyzed data from NHANES 2009–2018, including 14,880 participants aged ≥20 years, to evaluate the association between BMI and the risk of kidney stones. BMI was categorized as normal weight (&lt;25.0 kg/m2), overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m2), and obesity (≥30.0 kg/m2). Weighted logistic regression models were employed to adjust for multiple confounders, including sex, age, race/ethnicity, education level, smoking history, alcohol consumption, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and physical activity. Interaction effects between BMI and key variables such as sex, race/ethnicity and other factors were also analyzed. Age-stratified analyses were performed for the groups aged 20–39 years, 40–59 years, and ≥ 60 years. A restricted cubic spline model was used to explore the non-linear relationship between BMI and the risk of kidney stones.ResultsAfter adjusting for confounders, participants with a BMI ≥30 kg/m2 had a significantly higher risk of kidney stones compared to those with a BMI &lt;25 kg/m2 (adjusted OR [aOR]: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.48–2.34; p &lt; 0.001), with the association being most pronounced in the 40–59-year age group (aOR: 2.02; 95% CI: 1.36–3.02; p &lt; 0.001). The interaction analysis did not reveal significant interactions between BMI and sex or other factors. Non-linear analysis indicated that the relationship between BMI and kidney stone risk differed across age groups. In the 40–59-year group, the risk of kidney stones peaked and then plateaued as BMI increased beyond a certain threshold. In the ≥60-year age group, risk initially increased with BMI but then slightly declined. This non-linear relationship suggests that the impact of BMI on kidney stone risk varies by age and should be considered in clinical strategies.ConclusionHigh BMI is significantly associated with an increased risk of kidney stones, particularly among middle-aged and older adults. The relationship between BMI and kidney stones is non-linear, highlighting the need to develop age-specific BMI management strategies to reduce the occurrence of kidney stones.
Development of machine learning models for predicting non-remission in early RA highlights the robust predictive importance of the RAID score-evidence from the ARCTIC study
Authors: Li Gaoyang , Kolan Shrikant S. , Grimolizzi Franco , Sexton Joseph , Malachin Giulia , Goll Guro , Kvien Tore K. , Paulshus Sundlisæter Nina , Zucknick Manuela , Lillegraven Siri , Haavardsholm Espen A. , Skålhegg Bjørn Steen 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionAchieving remission is a critical therapeutic goal in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Despite methotrexate being the cornerstone of early RA treatment, a significant proportion of patients fail to achieve remission. This study aims to predict 6-month non-remission in 222 disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD)-naïve RA patients initiating methotrexate monotherapy, using baseline patient characteristics from the ARCTIC trial.MethodsMachine learning models were developed utilizing twenty-one baseline demographic, clinical and laboratory features to predict non-remission according to ACR/EULAR Boolean, SDAI and CDAI criteria. The model employed a super learner algorithm that combine three base algorithms of elastic net, random forest and support vector machine. The model performance was evaluated through five independent unseen tests with nested 5-fold cross-validation. The predictive power of each feature was assessed using a composite measure derived from individual algorithm estimates.ResultsThe model demonstrated a mean AUC-ROC of 0.75-0.76, with mean sensitivity of 0.77-0.81, precision (also referred to as Positive Predictive Value) of 0.77-0.79 and specificity of 0.63-0.66 across the criteria. Predictive power analysis of each feature identified the baseline Rheumatoid Arthritis Impact of Disease (RAID) score as the strongest predictor of non-remission. A simplified model using RAID score alone demonstrated comparable performance to the full-feature model.ConclusionThese findings highlight the potential utility of baseline RAID score-based model as an effective tool for early identification of patients at risk of non-remission in clinical practise.
Correlation between lipid metabolism levels and pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Guo Jingjing , Qiu Haifan , Wang Jianping , Liu Xiaowei , Chen Suipeng , Li Baoqing 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo establish the reference interval for the serum lipid index in pregnant women and to explore the relationship between lipid metabolism levels and pregnancy outcomes.Design and methodsData were derived from 446 pregnancy women and 317 healthy non-pregnant women. Serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], and hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured in both groups. The mean and standard deviation of each index were calculated to establish the reference range of normal serum lipid levels in pregnant women in mid-to-late pregnancy. The associations between serum lipid levels and perinatal outcomes were assessed statistically.ResultsThere were no significant differences in age, pregnancy, or parity between the adverse outcome and normal delivery groups, but the caesarean section rate was significantly higher in the adverse outcome group. The levels of hs-CRP, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, and ApoA1 were significantly higher in the adverse outcome group. Elevated hs-CRP, TG, and HDL-C levels were risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes. According to the receiver operating characteristic curve, the optimal threshold of the combined diagnosis of these three indicators to predict adverse pregnancy outcomes was 0.534, and the area under the curve was 0.822.ConclusionThe establishment of lipid reference intervals in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy can effectively evaluate lipid metabolism in pregnant women, and the measurement of lipid metabolism in pregnant women is helpful in predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes.
The association between cognitive frailty and the risk of fall occurrence in older adults: a meta-analysis of cohort studies
Authors: Liu Jian , Wu Yu , Long Zongke , Zhang Simeng , Wu Shicai 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundCognitive frailty increases the risk of fall occurrence. However, previous studies have shown inconsistent correlations between cognitive frailty and the risk of fall occurrence.ObjectiveTo systematically review studies and explore the association between cognitive frailty and the risk of fall occurrence.MethodsDatabases were systematically searched. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software after evaluation of the quality of the included studies by 2 researchers.ResultsA total of five studies including 16,962 patients were included. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the cognitive frailty group increased the risk of occurrence of falls in older adults [OR = 1.38, 95% CI (1.09, 1.73), p = 0.006]. Subgroup analyses showed that cognitive frailty in older adults increased the risk of fall occurrence using different cognitive frailty assessment tools, study participants from the community, different regions, and different sample sizes.ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that cognitive frailty in older adults is an independent risk factor for the occurrence of falls, and it is recommended that caregivers strengthen the assessment of cognitive aspects of older adults admitted to the hospital.