bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Worldwide, multicenter study of peristomal geometry and morphology in laryngectomees and its clinical effects
Authors: van Kalkeren Tjouwke A. , van der Houwen Eduard B. , Duits Mari Anne E. , Hilgers Frans J. , Hebe Ana , Mostafa Badr E. , Lawson George , Martinez Zuriñe , Woisard Virginie , Marioni Gino , Ruske Dean , Schultz Philippe , Post Wendy J. , Verkerke Bart J. , van der Laan Bernard F. A. M. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to improve attachment of automatic tracheostoma valves, the knowledge on tracheostoma geometry, and its clinical influences preferred. This article investigates whether the number of removed trachea rings, incision of the sternocleidomastoid muscles, neck dissection, reconstruction, time after operation, and age have any effect on the (peri)stomal geometry of the patient.Methods(Peri)stomas of 191 patients from 10 institutes worldwide were photographed, measured, and compared.ResultsPaired comparisons between the number of trachea rings removed showed significant differences in horizontal and vertical trachea‐opening diameters, but failed to demonstrate an effect in the depth of the stoma. T tests did not demonstrate significant differences in peristomal geometry between the sternocleidomastoid‐cleaved and non‐cleaved group.ConclusionThe number of removed tracheal rings during laryngectomy does not seem to influence stoma depth. However, this study does not demonstrate that cleaving the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) at the time of a laryngectomy will result in a geometrically flatter stoma. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
A comparison of managers' and safety delegates' perceptions of work environment priorities in the manufacturing industry
Authors: Nordlöf Hasse , Wijk Katarina , Lindberg Per 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis study investigated the attention and priority accorded to factors of work environment within manufacturing companies, as perceived by managers and safety delegates at small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises. Representatives from 142 Swedish manufacturing companies answered a 43‐item questionnaire covering seven areas of the work environment and a priority‐ranking question of company interests. Respondents (n = 249) rated the present situation and the situation one year earlier, using a visual analogue scale. The findings showed that both managers and safety delegates ranked profitability as the main company interest. Respondents rated the priorities of the work environment currently as higher than one year earlier (p = <0.05). Managers rated the priorities of the work environment higher than did the safety delegates (p = <0.05). We conclude that the two professional roles, manager and safety delegate, differ in their perceptions regarding to what extent different work environment factors are being attended to. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Static lifting strength in different lifting postures among Malaysian adults
Authors: Shamsul B. M. T. , Tan C. Y. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis laboratory‐based study aims to evaluate maximum static lifting strengths for one‐handed (left hand or right hand) and two‐handed exertions in four lifting types (back lifting, upper‐body lifting, arm lifting, and shoulder lifting) across three horizontal distances (toes were anterior to, aligned with, and posterior to the exerted handle). This study recruited 48 men and 48 women, right‐handed undergraduates aged 18 to 25 years. The results showed that the static lifting strength ratio of one‐handed lifting to two‐handed lifting ranged from 61% to 71%. No significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed between right‐handed (dominant) and left‐handed lifting strengths. This study showed a significant difference (p < 0.001) in men's and women's lifting strengths in all lifting conditions. This study also showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in respondents with normal body mass index (BMI; <25) and abnormal BMI (BMI ≥ 25) in all lifting types. The lifting strengths in four lifting types across three horizontal distances were significantly different. The results showed that upper‐body lifting with near horizontal distance (toes anterior to the exerted handle) has the highest reading of lifting strength. The results encouraged two‐handed lifting due to higher lifting strength and less strain. The results also indicated the need to account for differences between the genders and BMI categories when disseminating lifting tasks. This study recommends that practitioners not overlook the effects of the lifting types and horizontal distances when evaluating one's lifting strength for screening purposes. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Age diversity and firm performance in an emerging economy: Implications for cross‐cultural human resource management
Authors: Li Ji , Chu Chris Wai Lung , Lam Kevin C. K. , Liao Stacy 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis study tests the effect of age diversity on firm performance among international firms. Based on the resource‐based view of the firm, it argues that age diversity among employees will influence firm performance. Moreover, it argues that two contextual variables—a firm's level of market diversification and its country of origin—influence the relationship between age diversity and firm performance. By testing relevant hypotheses in a major emerging economy, that is, the People's Republic of China, this study finds a significant and positive effect of age diversity and a significant interactive effect between age diversity and firm strategy on profitability. We also find a significant relationship between age diversity and firm profitability for firms from Western societies, but not for firms from East Asian societies. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of this study's findings. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pattern‐process relationships in surface hydrology: hydrological connectivity expressed in landscape metrics
Authors: Van Nieuwenhuyse Bartel H. J. , Antoine Michael , Wyseure Guido , Govers Gerard 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe degree of hydrological connectivity is mainly determined by the spatial organisation of heterogeneity. A meaningful and aggregate abstraction of spatial patterns is one of the promising means to gain fundamental insights into this complex interaction and can, moreover, be used as a tool to acquire a profound understanding of the major controls of catchment hydrology. In order to disclose such controls, pattern‐process relationships and the explanatory power of landscape metrics were tested by simulating the runoff of differently patterned virtual basins, generated by neutral landscape models and fractal networks and solved by a surface hydrological model composed of kinematic wave routing and Green‐Ampt infiltration. A total of 23 landscape metrics quantified the spatial patterns and were subsequently related to the functional connectivity, assessed as the proportion of internal runoff generation constituting the hydrological response at the outlet. Landscape metrics allowed the identification of dominant features of heterogeneity that explained the observed connectivity, and to disclose changes in control with class abundance. Therefore, landscape metrics are a useful tool for basin comparison and classification in terms of the dominant processes and the corresponding model structure requirements. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The release of phosphorus from sediment into water in subtropical wetlands: a warming microcosm experiment
Authors: ZhiJian Zhang , ZhaoDe Wang , Holden Joseph , XinHua Xu , Hang Wang , JingHua Ruan , Xin Xu 
Published: March 2011

AbstractGlobal warming poses a great threat to wetland ecological stability and water quality improvement. In this paper, we sampled six types of wetlands representing different kinds of land utilisation around the TaiHu Lake Basin in southeast China. An outdoor computerized microcosm was set up in May 2008 to simulate climate scenarios of ambient temperature (control) and a warmed ambient temperature (+5 °C) using a novel minute‐scale daily and seasonal temperature manipulation technology. The 18‐month incubation indicated that warming impaired the ecological sink of sediment (fixing P from porewater) while strengthening the role of the ecological source, moreover, the rate of P release from sediment into porewater (19–113% for total phosphorus) was much stronger than from top sediment into overlying water. Warming enhanced the activity of neutral and alkaline phosphatases for P‐deficient wetland sediments and neutral phosphatases for P‐rich sediments, at the 14th month of incubation. A significant increase in total phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) occurred under warming in sediments with relatively low levels of PLFAs, but bacterial abundance in the sediment biomass tended to decrease (18%) along with an increase (4·5%) of the fungi‐to‐bacteria ratio. The variations of carbon consumption and availability indicated by measured dissolved organic carbon in sediment may have contributed to P release from sediments to water. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Scaffold‐based approach to direct stem cell neural and cardiovascular differentiation: An analysis of physical and biochemical effects
Authors: Chew Sing Yian , Low Wei Ching 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAlthough stem cell therapy holds tremendous promise in tissue regeneration and disease treatment, its full potential may only be realized through the thorough understanding and capability in specifically directing stem cell fate commitment. A scaffold‐based approach of imparting physical and biochemical cues appears to be a logical method in reconstructing the complex three‐dimensional configuration of stem cell niches. In fact, interest in this area has gained significant momentum over the recent years. This review summarizes and evaluates the recent outcomes of studies associated with a scaffold‐based approach to directing and understanding stem cell neural and cardiovascular differentiation. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2011.
Adrenoreceptors are involved in the stimulation of neutrophils by exercise‐induced circulating concentrations of Hsp72: cAMP as a potential “intracellular danger signal”
Authors: Hinchado María D. , Giraldo Esther , Ortega Eduardo 
Published: March 2011

AbstractRecently, the terms “stress mediators” or “danger signals” have come to be used to describe endogenous molecules that can be released in stress situations and activate the innate immune system even in the absence of antigenic stimuli. There is evidence suggesting that extracellular heat shock proteins of 72 kDa (eHsp72), together with noradrenaline (NA), are candidates as danger signals during exercise‐induced stress, interacting in the activation of neutrophils. Previous studies have shown that the post‐exercise circulating concentration of eHsp72 activates the phagocytic process of neutrophils with the participation of toll‐like receptor 2, but that other receptors must also be involved. The present investigation evaluates the role of adrenoreceptors in the activation of the chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and fungicidal capacity of neutrophils by the post‐exercise circulating concentration of eHsp72. The results showed that intact α‐ and β‐adrenoreceptors are necessary for the stimulation of all stages of the phagocytic process by eHsp72. Also, eHsp72 increased the intracellular levels of cAMP, suggesting that it is an “intracellular danger signal” during stress‐induced activation of neutrophils mediated by extracellular heat shock proteins. These results can contribute to better understanding the mechanisms involved in the regulation of the innate immune response mediated by “danger signals” during exercise, and probably during other stress situations. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 604–608, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cdk9 T‐loop phosphorylation is regulated by the calcium signaling pathway
Authors: Ramakrishnan Rajesh , Rice Andrew P. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractEukaryotic RNA polymerase II transcriptional elongation is a tightly regulated process and is dependent upon positive transcription elongation factor‐b (P‐TEFb). The core P‐TEFb complex is composed of Cdk9 and Cyclin T and is essential for the expression of most protein coding genes. Cdk9 kinase function is dependent upon phosphorylation of Thr186 in its T‐loop. In this study, we examined kinases and signaling pathways that influence Cdk9 T‐loop phosphorylation. Using an RNAi screen in HeLa cells, we found that Cdk9 T‐loop phosphorylation is regulated by Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent kinase 1D (CaMK1D). Using small molecules inhibitors in HeLa cells and primary CD4+ T lymphocytes, we found that the Ca2+ signaling pathway is required for Cdk9 T‐loop phosphorylation. Inhibition of Ca2+ signaling led to dephosphorylation of Thr186 on Cdk9. In reporter plasmid assays, inhibition of the Ca2+ signaling pathway repressed the PCNA promoter and HIV‐1 Tat transactivation of the HIV‐1 LTR, but not HTLV‐1 Tax transactivation of the HTLV‐1 LTR, suggesting that perturbation of the Ca2+ pathway and reduction of Cdk9 T‐loop phosphorylation inhibits transcription units that have a rigorous requirement for P‐TEFb function. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 609–617, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ring and side chain formylated pyrazoles from acetophenone azines and Vilsmeier's reagent
Authors: Manikannan Ramaiyan , Muthusubramanian Shanmugam 
Published: March 2011

AbstractDifferently substituted acetophenone azines on treatment with excess phosphorous oxychloride in N,N‐dimethylformamide have found to yield three products in each case. An acceptable mechanism has been suggested for the formation of all the three products. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2011).
Extranodal spread in the neck: MRI detection on the basis of pixel‐based time‐signal intensity curve analysis
Authors: Sumi Misa , Nakamura Takashi 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPurposeWe evaluated dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the preoperative detection of extranodal spread (ENS) in metastatic nodes in the neck.Materials and MethodsThe time‐signal intensity curve (TIC) profiles of 54 histologically proven metastatic nodes (26 ENS‐positive and 28 ENS‐negative) from 43 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were retrospectively analyzed to determine the effective TIC criteria for ENS‐positive nodes. The TICs were semiautomatically classified into four distinctive patterns (flat, slow uptake, rapid uptake with low washout ratio, and rapid uptake with high washout ratio) on a pixel‐by‐pixel basis.ResultsA number of the MRI findings were significantly correlated with ENS. However, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that only a short‐axis diameter and an area with slow uptake TIC patterns were significantly and independently indicative of the presence of ENS. The combined MRI criteria of nodal size (>25 mm) or TIC profile (>44% nodal areas with slow‐uptake TIC patterns) yielded the best results for differentiation between ENS‐positive and ENS‐negative nodes, providing 96% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 98% accuracy, and 100% positive, and 97% negative predictive values.ConclusionWhen combined with size criteria, pixel‐based MR factor analysis may be a promising tool for detecting ENS. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;33:830–838. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
T2‐weighted STIR imaging of myocardial edema associated with ischemia‐reperfusion injury: The influence of proton density effect on image contrast
Authors: Zhou Xiangzhi , Rundell Veronica , Liu Ying , Tang Richard , Klein Rachel , Shah Saurabh , Zuehlsdorff Sven , Tsaftaris Sotirios A. , Li Debiao , Dharmakumar Rohan 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the contribution of proton density (PD) in T2‐STIR based edema imaging in the setting of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Materials and MethodsCanines (n = 5), subjected to full occlusion of the left anterior descending artery for 3 hours, underwent serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies 2 hours postreperfusion (day 0) and on day 2. During each study, T1 and T2 maps, STIR (TE = 7.1 msec and 64 msec) and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) images were acquired. Using T1 and T2 maps, relaxation and PD contributions to myocardial edema contrast (EC) in STIR images at both TEs were calculated.ResultsEdematous territories showed significant increase in PD (20.3 ± 14.3%, P < 0.05) relative to healthy territories. The contributions of T1 changes and T2 or PD changes toward EC were in opposite directions. One‐tailed t‐test confirmed that the mean T2 and PD‐based EC at both TEs were greater than zero. EC from STIR images at TE = 7.1 msec was dominated by PD than T2 effects (94.3 ± 11.3% vs. 17.6 ± 2.5%, P < 0.05), while at TE = 64 msec, T2 effects were significantly greater than PD effects (90.8 ± 20.3% vs. 12.5 ± 11.9%, P < 0.05). The contribution from PD in standard STIR acquisitions (TE = 64 msec) was significantly higher than 0 (P < 0.05).ConclusionIn addition to T2‐weighting, edema detection in the setting of AMI with T2‐weighted STIR imaging has a substantial contribution from PD changes, likely stemming from increased free‐water content within the affected tissue. This suggests that imaging approaches that take advantage of both PD as well as T2 effects may provide the optimal sensitivity for detecting myocardial edema. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;33:962–967. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of disease progression on liver apparent diffusion coefficient values in a murine model of NASH at 11.7 tesla MRI
Authors: Anderson Stephan W. , Soto Jorge A. , Milch Holly N. , Ozonoff Al , O'Brien Michael , Hamilton James A. , Jara Hernan J. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPurpose:To evaluate the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of liver in a murine model of non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis using 11.7 Tesla (T) MRI.Materials and Methods:This animal study was IACUC approved. Seventeen male C57BL/6 mice were divided into control (n = 3) and experimental groups (n = 14) fed a methionine‐deficient choline‐deficient (MCD) diet to induce steatohepatitis. Livers underwent ex vivo diffusion‐weighted MR imaging and ADC maps were calculated. A pathologist determined subjective scores of steatosis, classified from 0 to 3. Digital image analysis was used to determine percentage areas of steatosis. Graphs comparing ADC to subjective and digital image analysis (DIA) determinations of steatosis were plotted.Results:Subjective assessments of steatosis ranged up to values of 3 and DIA determined areas of steatosis to range up to approximately 16%. ADC values approximated 800 × 10−6 mm2/s (range, 749–811 × 10−6 mm2/s, mean 786 × 10−6 mm2/s) in controls and 500 × 10−6 mm2/s (range, 478–733 × 10−6 mm2/s, mean 625 × 10−6 mm2/s) in experimental mice. Moderate correlation between ADC and subjective scores of steatosis (R = −0.56) was observed. Strong correlation between ADC values and percentage areas of steatosis was between ADC values and percentage areas of steatosis was observed greater (R = −0.81) and very strong correlation was observed with the exclusion of a single outlying data point (R = −0.91).Conclusion:Based on the comparison of ADC values and steatosis determinations by DIA, increasing degrees of steatosis are seen to result in decreased hepatic ADC values. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;33:882–888. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Self‐calibrated multiple‐echo acquisition with radial trajectories using the conjugate gradient method (SMART‐CG)
Authors: Jung Youngkyoo , Samsonov Alexey A. , Bydder Mark , Block Walter F. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPurpose:To remove phase inconsistencies between multiple echoes, an algorithm using a radial acquisition to provide inherent phase and magnitude information for self correction was developed. The information also allows simultaneous support for parallel imaging for multiple coil acquisitions.Materials and Methods:Without a separate field map acquisition, a phase estimate from each echo in multiple echo train was generated. When using a multiple channel coil, magnitude and phase estimates from each echo provide in vivo coil sensitivities. An algorithm based on the conjugate gradient method uses these estimates to simultaneously remove phase inconsistencies between echoes, and in the case of multiple coil acquisition, simultaneously provides parallel imaging benefits. The algorithm is demonstrated on single channel, multiple channel, and undersampled data.Results:Substantial image quality improvements were demonstrated. Signal dropouts were completely removed and undersampling artifacts were well suppressed.Conclusion:The suggested algorithm is able to remove phase cancellation and undersampling artifacts simultaneously and to improve image quality of multiecho radial imaging, the important technique for fast three‐dimensional MRI data acquisition. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;33:980–987. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Optimal scanning protocol of arterial dominant phase for hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma with gadolinium‐ethoxybenzyl‐diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid‐enhanced MR
Authors: Kagawa Yuki , Okada Masahiro , Kumano Seishi , Katsube Takashi , Imaoka Izumi , Tanigawa Noboru , Ishii Kazunari , Kudo Masatoshi , Murakami Takamichi 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPurpose:To investigate optimal delay time of hepatic arterial phase in Gadoxetate‐enhanced MR for detecting hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Materials and Methods:Forty‐five patients with 85 hypervascular HCCs and 9 patients with 16 hypervascular HCCs underwent Gadoxetate‐ and Gd‐DTPA‐enhanced MR at 1.5 Tesla (T) system, respectively. All HCCs were analyzed 10–38 s after injection using a time‐resolved dynamic MR sequence with keyhole data sampling. Seven sequential phase images (1 phase = 4 s) were obtained during a single breath hold of 28 s. Time–intensity curves of the abdominal aorta, liver parenchyma, and HCC were obtained, then aortic contrast arrival time, time of peak HCC enhancement, duration time of HCC and aortic enhancement, and time delay from aortic contrast arrival to peak enhancement of HCC were measured.Results:Aortic contrast arrival time was 15.1 ± 2.9 s, time of peak HCC enhancement 29.9 ± 4.6 s, duration time of HCC enhancement 17.4 ± 6.4 s postinjection of Gadoxetate. Duration of aortic enhancement (23.6 ± 3.5 s) of Gadoxetate‐enhanced MR was significantly less than that of Gd‐DTPA‐enhanced MR (26.3 ± 2.8 s) (P < 0.0059).Conclusion:Peak enhancement time of HCC on Gadoxetate‐enhanced MR imaging occurred at 14.6 ± 4.6 s after aortic contrast arrival. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;33:864–872. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.