bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emergence of Delayed Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Related to Sexual Trauma: Patient-Centered and Trauma-Cognizant Management by Physical Therapists
Authors: Dunleavy Kim , Kubo Slowik Amy 
Published: December 2011

Background and PurposeSexual violence has been identified as one of the most common predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This case report describes the emergence of delayed PTSD symptoms, disclosure of history of sexual trauma, and the influence of re-experiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal symptoms on physical therapy treatment.Case DescriptionA 60-year-old woman was seen for treatment of low back pain. Discussion of a discord between fear of falling and no balance impairments led to disclosure of sexual assault by a physician at 19 years of age. The patient's PTSD symptoms emerged after 10 weeks of physical therapy. The physical therapists monitored somatic responses and body language closely and modified and planned treatment techniques to avoid PTSD triggers and limit hyperarousal. Collaborative communication approaches included reinforcement of cognitive-behavioral strategies introduced by her psychotherapists.OutcomesTrauma-cognizant approaches supported the patient's efforts to manage PTSD symptoms sufficiently to tolerate physical therapy and participate in a back care class. Nonlinear psychological healing is illustrated.DiscussionSymptoms of PTSD may emerge during physical therapy treatment, and patient-sensitive responses to disclosure are important. The trauma-cognizant approach (2-way communication, patient-centered management, and integration of psychological elements into clinical decision making) helped identify and respond to triggers. The physical therapists reinforced cognitive-behavioral strategies introduced by psychotherapists to manage PTSD symptoms. Patient-centered care with further refinement to a trauma-cognizant approach may play an important role in assisting patients with PTSD or a history of sexual trauma to manage symptoms while addressing rehabilitation needs.
Facilitators of and Barriers to Physical Activity in Retirement Communities: Experiences of Older Women in Urban Areas
Authors: Bjornsdottir Gudfinna , Arnadottir Solveig A. , Halldorsdottir Sigridur 
Published: December 2011

Abstract

Background
Older people are being encouraged to be physically active for as long as possible as a preventive measure against disease and functional decline. It remains, however, uncertain how living in a retirement community affects physical activity (PA).

Objectives
This study was conducted to understand the PA experiences of older women living in retirement communities and what they experience as facilitators of and barriers to PA.

Design
The study was qualitative and guided by the Vancouver School of doing phenomenology, a unique blend of phenomenology, hermeneutics, and constructivism.

Method
Participants were 10 women, aged from 72 to 97 years (mean=84 years). In-depth interviews were conducted, recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed.

Results
A model was constructed with 3 main themes: (1) the women themselves, including their experienced health condition, individual aspects of functioning, and various personal factors; (2) the physical environment; and (3) the social environment. These main themes all include subthemes of experienced influences on PA, such as health, design of housing and environment, and local culture. These influences could both facilitate and hinder PA, depending on the context. The facilitating effects of good outdoor areas, accessible physical training facilities, a familiar neighborhood, and finding joy in PA were clear in the study. The barriers included worsening health, a colder climate with ice and wind, and lack of a PA culture within the retirement community.

Conclusions
An older woman's residence may strongly influence her ability and motivation to be physically active. Physical therapists should acquaint themselves with the facilitators of and barriers to PA of women within retirement communities and use that knowledge to influence the physical and social environment and to target PA interventions to the women themselves.
Long-term tumor control and cranial nerve outcomes following Gamma Knife surgery for larger-volume vestibular schwannomas
Authors: Milligan Brian D. , Pollock Bruce E. , Foote Robert L. , Link Michael J. 
Published: December 2011

Object
Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) for vestibular schwannoma (VS) is an accepted treatment for small- to medium-sized tumors, generally smaller than 2.5 cm in the maximum posterior fossa dimension. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of GKS for larger tumors.

Methods
Prospectively collected data were analyzed for 22 patients who had undergone GKS for VSs larger than 2.5 cm in the posterior fossa diameter between 1997 and 2006. No patient had symptomatic brainstem compression at the time of GKS. The median treated tumor volume was 9.4 cm3 (range 5.3–19.1 cm3). The median maximum posterior fossa diameter was 2.8 cm (range 2.5–3.8 cm). The median tumor margin dose was 12 Gy (range 12–14 Gy). Serial imaging, audiometry (10 patients with serviceable hearing pre-GKS), and clinical follow-up were available for a median of 66 months (range 26–121 months). Tumor control failure was defined as either a progressive increase in tumor diameter of at least 2 mm in any dimension or a later resection.

Results
Four patients met the criteria for GKS failure, including 1 patient who demonstrated sarcomatous degeneration more than 7 years after GKS and died 3 months after microsurgical debulking. An enlarging cystic component was the surgical indication in 1 of the 2 patients who required resection, although 27% of tumors (6 lesions) were cystic before GKS. The 3-year actuarial rate of tumor control, freedom from new facial neuropathy, and preservation of functional hearing were 86%, 92%, and 47%, respectively. At 5 years post-GKS, these rates decreased to 82%, 85%, and 28%, respectively. At the most recent follow-up, 91% of tumors were smaller than at the time of GKS and the median maximum posterior fossa diameter reduction was 26%. On multivariate analysis, none of the following factors was associated with GKS failure, new facial weakness, new trigeminal neuropathy, or loss of serviceable hearing: patient age, tumor volume, tumor margin dose, and preoperative cranial nerve dysfunction.

Conclusions
Single-session radiosurgery is a successful treatment for the majority of patients with larger VSs. Although tumor control rates are lower than those for smaller VSs managed with GKS, the cranial nerve morbidity of GKS is significantly lower than that typically achieved via resection of larger VSs.
Slower growth of skull base meningiomas compared with non–skull base meningiomas based on volumetric and biological studies
Authors: Hashimoto Naoya , Rabo Carter S. , Okita Yoshiko , Kinoshita Manabu , Kagawa Naoki , Fujimoto Yasunori , Morii Eiichi , Kishima Haruhiko , Maruno Motohiko , Kato Amami , Yoshimine Toshiki 
Published: December 2011

Object
The precise natural history of incidentally discovered meningiomas (IDMs) remains unknown. It has been reported that for symptomatic meningiomas, tumor location can be used to predict growth. As to whether the same is true for IDMs has not been reported. This study aims to answer this question and provide biological evidence for this assumption by extending the study to involve symptomatic cases.

Methods
A total of 113 IDMs were analyzed by fine volumetry. A comparison of growth rates and patterns between skull base and non–skull base IDMs was made. Subsequently, materials obtained from 210 patients with symptomatic meningiomas who were treated in the authors' hospital during the same period were included for a biological comparison between skull base and non–skull base tumors using the MIB-1 index.

Results
The 110 patients with IDMs included 93 females and 17 males, with a mean follow-up period of 46.9 months. There were 38 skull base (34%) and 75 non–skull base (66%) meningiomas. Forty-two (37%) did not exhibit growth of more than 15% of the volume, whereas 71 (63%) showed growth. Only 15 (39.5%) of 38 skull base meningiomas showed growth, whereas 56 (74.7%) of 75 non–skull base meningiomas showed growth (p = 0.0004). In the 71 IDMs (15 skull base and 56 non–skull base), there was no statistical difference between the 2 groups in terms of mean age, sex, follow-up period, or initial tumor volume. However, the percentage of growth (p = 0.002) was significantly lower and the doubling time (p = 0.008) was significantly higher in the skull base than in the non–skull base tumor group. In subsequently analyzed materials from 94 skull base and 116 non–skull base symptomatic meningiomas, the mean MIB-1 index for skull base tumors was markedly low (2.09%), compared with that for non–skull base tumors (2.74%; p = 0.013).

Conclusions
Skull base IDMs tend not to grow, which is different from non–skull base tumors. Even when IDMs grow, the rate of growth is significantly lower than that of non–skull base tumors. The same conclusion with regard to biological behavior was confirmed in symptomatic cases based on MIB-1 index analyses. The authors' findings may impact the understanding of the natural history of IDMs, as well as strategies for management and treatment of IDMs and symptomatic meningiomas.
Three-dimensional measurement of growth of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament
Authors: Fujimori Takahito , Iwasaki Motoki , Nagamoto Yukitaka , Ishii Takahiro , Sakaura Hironobu , Kashii Masafumi , Yoshikawa Hideki , Sugamoto Kazuomi 
Published: December 2011

Object
Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is a progressive disease that causes cervical myelopathy. Because 2D evaluation of ossification growth with plain lateral radiographs has limitations, the authors developed a unique technique to measure ossification progression and volume increase by using multidetector CT scanning.

Methods
The authors used serial thin-slice volume data obtained by multidetector CT scanning in 5 patients. The mean patient age was 63 years, and the mean follow-up duration was 3.1 years. First, a 3D model of OPLL was semiautomatically segmented at a specific threshold. Then, a preoperative model of OPLL was superimposed on a postoperative model using voxel-based registration of the vertebral bodies. Progression and volume increase were measured using a digital viewer that was developed by the authors. Progression was visualized using a color-coded contour on the surface of the OPLL model.

Results
All patients had progression of 0.5 mm or greater. The mean values concerning OPLL growth were as follows: maximum progression length, 4.7 mm; progression rate, 1.5 mm/year; volume increase, 1622 mm3; volume expansion rate, 37%; and volume increase rate, 484 mm3/year. The accuracy of superimposition by voxel-based registration, defined as closeness to the true value, was less than 0.31 mm. For intraobserver reproducibility of the volume measurement, the mean intraclass correlation coefficient, root mean square error, and coefficient of variation were 0.987, 16.0 mm3, and 1.7%, respectively.

Conclusions
Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament progresses even after surgery. Three-dimensional evaluation with the aid of CT scans is a useful and reliable method for assessing that growth.
Complications of lateral plating in the minimally invasive lateral transpsoas approach
Authors: Le Tien V. , Smith Donald A. , Greenberg Mark S. , Dakwar Elias , Baaj Ali A. , Uribe Juan S. 
Published: December 2011

Object
The aim of this study was to review the authors' experience with 101 cases over the past 3 years with minimally invasive lateral interbody fusion using a lateral plate. Their main goal was to specifically look for hardware-associated complications. Three cases of hardware failure and 3 cases of vertebral body (VB) fractures associated with lateral plate placement are reported. The authors also review the literature pertaining to lateral plates and related complications.

Methods
This study is a retrospective review of a database of patients who underwent minimally invasive lateral interbody fusion in the thoracolumbar spine during a 3-year period.

Results
Six complications were identified, resulting in an incidence of 5.9%. Three hardware failures, 2 coronal plane VB fractures, and 1 lateral VB fracture were identified. All complications occurred in multilevel cases. All cases presented with recurrent back pain except one, which was identified incidentally.

Conclusions
Minimally invasive lateral interbody fusion is a safe and direct technique that is practical, especially when trying to avoid other approaches for hardware insertion, and it also avoids the complications associated with other types of instrumentation such as pedicle screws. Careful consideration during patient selection and during the operation will aid in the avoidance of complications.
Time And Age Specific Mating Success Of Bumblebee (<i>Bombus Terrestris</i> L.) Reared At Different Photoperiodic Regimes
Authors: Amin MR , Kwon VJ 
Published: December 2011

In this study, mating success of bumblebee, Bombus terrestris was recorded by five age groups of queens viz. 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 days old, and the males were two days older than each age group of queens. Newly emerged males and queens were collected from different colonies and they were reared under four photoperiods e.g., L0:D24, L8:D16, L16:D8, and L24:D0 for observing the mating activities. Three days old queens with 5 days old males showed the lowest mating success at all photoperiodic regimes. Most of the couples mated within first 15 minutes of pairing and mating success increased with increasing duration of mating exposure. At the L0:D24 and L8:D16 photoperiodic regimes 9 days old queens with 11 days old males had the highest mating success (65.4 ± 3.3 and 85.0 ± 2.3%, respectively) whereas at L16:D8 and L24:D0 photoperiodic conditions, the highest mating success occurred when 7 days old queens paired with 9 days old males (92.1 ± 1.7 and 76.3 ± 3.2%, respectively). These results indicate that rearing of bees at different light regimes, age of bees and duration of mating exposure had significant effect on mating success of B. terrestris. Keywords: Age; Bombus terrestris; mating; photoperiod; time. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i1.9225 BJAR 2011; 36(1): 13-20
Effect Of Zinc And Boron On Yield And Yield Contributing Characters Of Mungbean In Low Ganges River Floodplain Soil At Madaripur, Bangladesh
Authors: Quddus MA , Rashid MH , Hossain MA , Naser HM 
Published: December 2011

An experiment was carried out in Calcareous Low Ganges River Floodplain Soil (AEZ 12) at Pulses Research Sub-Station (PRSS), Madaripur during Kharif I of 2008 and 2009.The objectives were to evaluate the effect of zinc (Zn) and boron (B) on the yield and yield contributing characters of mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) and to find out the optimum dose of Zn and B for yield maximization. There were four levels of zinc (0, 0.75, 1.5, and 3.0 kg/ha and boron (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2 kg/ha) along with a blanket dose of N20 P25 K35 S20 kg/ha. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with three replications. Results showed that the combination of Zn1.5B1.0 produced significantly higher yield (3058 kg/ha) and (2631 kg/ha, in the year 2008 and 2009, respectively. The lowest yield (2173 kg/ha) and (1573 kg/ha, were found in control (Zn0B0) combination. The combined application of zinc and boron were observed superior to their single application in both the years. Therefore, the combination of Zn1.5B1.0 might be considered as suitable dose for mungbean cultivation in Bangladesh. But from regression analysis, the optimum treatment combination was Zn1.87 B1.24 kg/ha for Madaripur. Keywords: Zinc; boron; mungbean; yield; yield contributing characters. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i1.9231 BJAR 2011; 36(1): 75-85
Comparative Advantage Of Vegetables Production In Bangladesh
Authors: Karim MR , Hossain S , Rashid MA , Azad MAK , Jahan MAHS 
Published: December 2011

The study was undertaken to assess the comparative advantage of production and export of vegetables from Bangladesh. Fifty four kinds of different vegetables were exported from Bangladesh. The importing countries were mostly in the Middle East. The demand for summer vegetables was found higher than those of winter vegetables. Total export quantity was found 6046 metric tons of vegetables and earned foreign exchange of Tk. 1120 million, which was only 1.18 percent of total value of vegetable production in Bangladesh. Among the export marketing cost items, air freights charges was found highest. For all the vegetables, DRCs were observed to be less than unity implying that Bangladesh had comparative advantage in vegetable production. Keywords: Export potential; vegetables; foreign exchange earnings DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i1.9232 BJAR 2011; 36(1): 89-95
Stability Study For Growth Duration And Grain Yield Of Exotic Hybrid Rice Genotypes In Bangladesh
Authors: Biswas PL , Barman HN , Ghosal S , Tohiduzzaan S , Ali M Hazrat 
Published: December 2011

Twenty eight rice genotypes were evaluated for their stability in respect of grain yield and growth duration during boro season of 2007-08 over five locations viz. Gazipur, Jamalpur, Comilla, Jinaidhah, and Rajshahi. Variances for genotypes, locations, and G × E interactions were significant for both the traits. Linear components of G × E interactions were insignificant but non- linear components (pooled deviation) were significant. Considering stability parameters (bi and S2 di) for days to maturity, genotypes Raja, Ropa-1, and Sera were least responsive to environment (bi =1) and minimum deviation from regression (S2 di = 0) were stable over the locations. The estimates of stability parameters for grain yield revealed that the genotypes Ropa-1, SL-8, Lily and Sera were higher grain yielder, b value were close to the unity and S2di value were near to the zero. So, these four genotypes could be considered as the most stable over the environments. Considering both growth duration and grain yield based on stability parameters, the genotypes Ropa and Sera were identified as most stable and could be recommended for release as varieties. Key words: Hybrid rice; stability; exotic. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i1.9233 BJAR 2011; 36(1): 97-102
Profitability Of Some Bari Released Crop Varieties In Some Locations Of Bangladesh
Authors: Begum MST Esmat Ara , Islam MD Nozrul , Alam QM , Hossain SM Byazid 
Published: December 2011

An attempt was made to asses the costs and returns from the cultivation of selected crops in different locations. Fifty farmers were selected for collecting data for each crop through random sampling for the year 2006-07. Study revealed that per hectare total costs were Tk. 51341, Tk. 32275, Tk. 20983, Tk. 27819, Tk. 63012, Tk. 61928, Tk. 87828, Tk. 65163, and Tk. 57775 for the cultivation of maize, groundnut, mungbean, sweet potato, cabbage, cauliflower, tomato, cucumber, and okra, respectively. Sample farmers received Tk. 31280, Tk. 23221, Tk. 12957, Tk. 70981, Tk. 56546, Tk. 72820, Tk. 247076, Tk. 61437 and Tk. 94822 per hectare as net returns from the cultivation of maize, groundnut, mungbean, sweet potato, cabbage, cauliflower, tomato, cucumber, and okra, respectively. The benefit cost ratios over total costs were 1.61, 1.72, 1.62, 3.55, 1.90, 2.17, 3.72, 1.94, and 2.64 for the cultivation of maize, groundnut, mungbean, sweet potato, cabbage, cauliflower, tomato, cucumber, and okra, respectively. High costs of fertilizers and insecticides were the major constraints to higher production for most of the crops as mentioned by the sample farmers. Keywords: Profitability; crops; locations. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i1.9235 BJAR 2011; 36(1): 111-122
Quality Of Tomato As Influenced By Boron And Zinc In Presence Of Different Doses Of Cowdung
Authors: Salam MA , Siddique MA , Rahim MA , Rahman MA , Goffar MA 
Published: December 2011

The experiment was carried out at the Vegetable Research Farm of the Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur to investigate the effect of boron, zinc, and cowdung on quality of tomato. There were 16 treatments comprising four rates of boron and zinc viz., BoZno. B1.5Zn2 B2Zn4 and B2.5Zn6 kg/ha and four rates of cowdung viz., CDo, CD10, CD15, and CD20 t/ha. Every plot received 253 kg N, 90 kg P, 125 kg K, and 6.6 kg S per hectare. The results reflected that the highest pulp weight (90.24%), dry matter content (5.82%), ascorbic acid (11.2 mg/100g). lycopene content (147 μg/100g), chlorophyll-a (42.0 μg/l00g), chlorophyll-b (61.0 μg/100g), boron content (36 μg/g), zinc content (51 μg /g), marketable fruits at 30 days after storage (74%) and shelf life (17 days) were recorded with the combination of 2.5 kg B/ha + 6 kg Zn/ha, and 20 t/ha cowdung. Keywords: Quality of tomato; boron; zinc; doses of cowdung. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i1.9239 BJAR 2011; 36(1): 151-163
Genetic evidence for hybridization in red oaks (Quercussect.Lobatae, Fagaceae)
Authors: Moran Emily V. , Willis John , Clark James S. 
Published: December 2011

•Premise of the study:Hybridization is pervasive in many plant taxa, with consequences for species taxonomy, local adaptation, and management. Oaks (Quercusspp.) are thought to hybridize readily yet retain distinct traits, drawing into question the biological species concept for such taxa, but the true extent of gene flow is controversial. Genetic data are beginning to shed new light on this issue, but red oaks (sectionLobatae), an important component of North American forests, have largely been neglected. Moreover, gene flow estimates may be sensitive to the choice of life stage, marker type, or genetic structure statistic.•Methods:We coupled genetic structure data with parentage analyses for two mixed‐species stands in North Carolina. Genetic structure analyses of adults (includingFST,RST,G’ST, and structure) reflect long‐term patterns of gene flow, while the percentage of seedlings with parents of two different species reflect current levels of gene flow.•Key results:Genetic structure analyses revealed low differentiation in microsatellite allele frequencies between co‐occurring species, suggesting past gene flow. However, methods differed in their sensitivity to differentiation, indicating a need for caution when drawing conclusions from a single method. Parentage analyses identifed >20% of seedlings as potential hybrids. The species examined exhibit distinct morphologies, suggesting selection against intermediate phenotypes.•Conclusions:Our results suggest that hybridization between co‐occurring red oaks occurs, but that selection may limit introgression, especially at functional loci. However, by providing a source of genetic variation, hybridization could influence the response of oaks and other hybridizing taxa to environmental change.