bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Signaling pathways in colorectal cancer: implications for the target therapies
Authors: Song Yanlin , Chen Ming , Wei Yuhao , Ma Xuelei , Shi Huashan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractColorectal carcinoma (CRC) stands as a pressing global health issue, marked by the unbridled proliferation of immature cells influenced by multifaceted internal and external factors. Numerous studies have explored the intricate mechanisms of tumorigenesis in CRC, with a primary emphasis on signaling pathways, particularly those associated with growth factors and chemokines. However, the sheer diversity of molecular targets introduces complexity into the selection of targeted therapies, posing a significant challenge in achieving treatment precision. The quest for an effective CRC treatment is further complicated by the absence of pathological insights into the mutations or alterations occurring in tumor cells. This study reveals the transfer of signaling from the cell membrane to the nucleus, unveiling recent advancements in this crucial cellular process. By shedding light on this novel dimension, the research enhances our understanding of the molecular intricacies underlying CRC, providing a potential avenue for breakthroughs in targeted therapeutic strategies. In addition, the study comprehensively outlines the potential immune responses incited by the aberrant activation of signaling pathways, with a specific focus on immune cells, cytokines, and their collective impact on the dynamic landscape of drug development. This research not only contributes significantly to advancing CRC treatment and molecular medicine but also lays the groundwork for future breakthroughs and clinical trials, fostering optimism for improved outcomes and refined approaches in combating colorectal carcinoma.
Application of Quality by Design in the Development of Hydrogen Sulfide Donor Loaded Polymeric Microparticles
Authors: Rai Anjali , Mhatre Susmit , Chandler Cole , Opere Catherine , Singh Somnath 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a multifaceted gasotransmitter molecule which has potential applications in many pathological conditions including in lowering intraocular pressure and providing retinal neuroprotection. However, its unique physicochemical properties pose several challenges for developing its efficient and safe delivery method system. This study aims to overcome challenges related to H2S toxicity, gaseous nature, and narrow therapeutic concentrations range by developing polymeric microparticles to sustain the release of H2S for an extended period. Various formulation parameters and their interactions are quantitatively identified using Quality-by-Design (QbD) approach to optimize the microparticle-based H2S donor (HSD) delivery system. Microparticles were prepared using a solvent-evaporation coacervation process by using polycaprolactone (PCL), soy lecithin, dichloromethane, Na2S.9H2O, and silicone oil as polymer, surfactant, solvent, HSD, and dispersion medium, respectively. The microparticles were characterized for size, size distribution, entrapment efficiency, and H2S release profile. A Main Effects Screening (MES) and a Response Surface Design (RSD) model-based Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was developed to establish the relationship between critical process parameters (CPPs) and critical quality attributes (CQAs) qualitatively and quantitatively. The MES model identified polymer to drug ratio and dispersion medium quantity as significant CPPs among others, while the RSD model established their quantitative relationship. Finally, the target product performance was validated by comparing predicted and experimental outcomes. The QbD approach helped in achieving overall desired microparticle characteristics with fewer trials and provided a mathematical relationship between the CPPs and the CQAs useful for further manipulation and optimization of release profile up to at least 30 days.
Graphical Abstract
Magnesium and Esophageal Pain After Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy of the Esophagus: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Kim Richard K. , Kim James W. , Angelotti Timothy , Esquivel Micaela , Tsui Ban C. , Hwang Joo H. 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:
Postoperative esophageal pain occurs in 67% of patients after peroral endoscopic esophageal myotomy (POEM). Magnesium can act as a smooth muscle relaxant. This study investigated whether intraoperative magnesium can reduce postoperative esophageal pain in patients undergoing POEM.

METHODS:
In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 92 patients were randomized to receive either magnesium sulfate as a 50 mg.kg−
1 (total body weight) bolus followed by an infusion at 25 mg.kg−
1.hr−
1, or 0.9% saline. Intraoperative analgesia was standardized in all patients. The primary outcome was the score from a validated, modified Esophageal Symptoms Questionnaire (ESQ) in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). Pain scores, opioid requirements, and questionnaire scores were collected through postoperative day 1.

RESULTS:
ESQ scores were significantly lower in the magnesium group in the PACU (median [25th–75th], 24 [18–31] vs 35 [28–42]; median difference [95% confidence interval, CI], 10 [6–13]; P < .0001) and on postoperative day 1 (16 [14–23] vs 30 [24–35]; P < .0001). Less opioids were needed in the magnesium group in the PACU (mean ± standard deviation [SD] [99% CI], 4.7 ± 10 [1–9] mg vs 29 ± 21 [21–37] mg; P < .0001) and on postoperative day 1 (1 ± 3.7 [0–2.5] mg vs 13 ± 23 [4–23] mg; P = .0009). Pain scores were lower in the magnesium group in the PACU (0 [0–3] vs 5 [5–7]; P < .0001) and on postoperative day 1 (0 [0–2] vs 4 [3–5]; P < .0001).

CONCLUSIONS:
Patients undergoing POEM randomized to receive intraoperative magnesium had sustained reductions in esophageal discomfort severity and opioid requirements 24 hours after surgery.
Land as an Indigenous Archive in Yvonne Vera’s The Stone Virgins
Authors: Ancic Ivana 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The article reads The Stone Virgins as a text underlined by an Indigenous poetics that situates the land as a speaking subject and an archive of memory. Its critical foci are African feminist conceptions of the entanglement of human and nonhuman matter and their implications for current conceptions of the archive. The article suggests that, rather than incorporating into the postcolonial national archive the excluded voices of women and ethnic minorities, The Stone Virgins makes legible minority practices of memory making that the archive does not recognize. To account for these practices and their literary representation, the article draws a comparison between the novel’s poetics of land and Indigenous poetics across other Anglophone spheres. The comparison is based in the convergence of Black and Indigenous conceptions of the coconstitutionality of the human and nonhuman. The comparison provides a new critical model for reading postcolonial aesthetic formations that engage nonhuman beings. It furthermore speaks to larger conversations regarding the “ontological turn” of criticism oriented to animist and new materialisms, as it addresses a mode of reading the land in African writing attuned to Indigenous systems of knowledge.
Saamaka
Authors: Montenegro Giovanna 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The Saamaka, one of Suriname’s six Afro-descendant maroon groups, have lived in the rainforest since they escaped slavery in the colonial era, adapting Indigenous foods and materials to survive in a new environment. In 1762 the Dutch signed a treaty that recognized Saamaka freedom and autonomy one hundred years before the abolition of slavery. However, the Saamaka have struggled against persistent attempts at ecocide by the Dutch colonial government and then, since independence, by the Surinamese state. This article highlights the plight of tribal and Indigenous groups in Suriname, especially the Saamaka, who have protested against logging and mining by demanding rights to their lands. The article relies both on qualitative interviews with maroon and Indigenous groups as well as Surinamese literature, especially Anton de Kom and Cynthia McLeod, to understand the Saamaka’s own ecological awareness vis-à-vis their representation as forest peoples. The article critiques alphabetic literacy as limiting of Indigenous and maroons’ use of orality, which emphasizes collectivism. The interviews show the innovative techniques through which Indigenous and Black ecologies define the relationship of humans to their environment in the Guiana Shield. Indigenous and maroon cartographic and spatial practices are confirmed through interviews and storytelling.
Influence of Material and Decoration on Design Style, Aesthetic Performance, and Visual Attention in Chinese-Style Chairs
Authors: Mao Yongchun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Chinese-style chairs are appreciated by many consumers for their elegant design. The material and decoration have a significant impact on the design of Chinese-style chairs. Exploring the influence of these two factors on design styles and aesthetic expressions, as well as the related visual attention patterns, is of great importance for the design of Chinese-style chairs. This study aimed to investigate the impact of material (wood/metal) and decoration (pattern/no pattern) on the design style, aesthetic performance, and visual attention patterns of Chinese-style chairs. Fifty-six Chinese university students wore eye-tracking glasses to view four types of chair designs and completed subjective rating scales. The results show that material and decoration have both independent and interactive effects. Wood chairs exhibit a traditional design style and superior aesthetic performance compared to metal chairs. Traditional Chinese patterns enhance design style and aesthetic performance, particularly when applied to wooden chairs. Visual attention was not significantly different across chair designs, except for wooden chairs with traditional patterns on the backrest, which attracted more attention. These research findings provide reference for designers to design Chinese-style chairs.
Exploring the potential of a bismuth-erbium-vanadium co-doped optical fiber as a stable Q-switcher in the 1550  nm region
Authors: Ghosh Aruna , Samanta Uttam Kumar , Dhar Anirban , Das Shyamal , Chandra Paul Mukul 
Published: June 2024

This paper experimentally demonstrates the ability of a bismuth-erbium-vanadium co-doped optical fiber as a saturable absorber (BEV-FSA) to generate stable Q-switched pulses in the 1550 nm region. The laser cavity delivered passively Q-switched pulses exploiting an erbium-ytterbium co-doped double-clad fiber (DC-EYDF) as the laser gain medium while maintaining an all-fiber cavity configuration. The output parameters of the laser such as output power, repetition rate, pulse duration, and pulse energy have been studied in detail with the variation of pump power. The output spectrum centered at 1550.86 nm throughout the experiment. The system produced stable pulses with a minimum pulse width of 1.83 µs with a pulse energy≈0.4µJ at the highest pump power of 2.31 W. The highest achievable repetition rate was 47.5 kHz with an of SNR≈53dB.
A meta-analysis of the association between inflammatory cytokine polymorphism and neonatal sepsis
Authors: Liang Jiaojiao , Su Yan , Wang Na , Wang Xiaoyan , Hao Ling , Ren Changjun 
Published: June 2024

Objective
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms of inflammatory cytokines and neonatal sepsis through meta-analysis.

Methods
We collected research literature on the correlation between inflammatory cytokine polymorphisms and neonatal sepsis published before August 2023 through computer searches of databases such as PubMed, Embase, etc. The Stata 14.0 software was utilized for Meta-analysis. To assess heterogeneity, the chi-squared Q-test and I2 statistics were used. The Egger and Begg tests were conducted to determine the possibility of publication bias.

Results
After reviewing 1129 articles, 29 relevant articles involving 3348 cases and 5183 controls were included in the study. The meta-analysis conducted on IL-1βrs1143643 polymorphism revealed significant findings: the T allele genotype has a lower risk of neonatal sepsis(P = 0.000, OR = 0.224, 95% CI: 0.168–0.299), while the TC and TT genotypes showed an increased risk(TC: P = 0.000,OR = 4.251, 95% CI: 2.226–8.119; TT: P = 0.019,OR = 2.020, 95% CI: 1.122–3.639). Similarly, newborns with the IL-6-174 CC genotype had a significantly higher risk of sepsis(P = 0.000,OR = 1.591, 95% CI: 1.154–2.194), while those with the IL-8-rs4073 TT (P = 0.003,OR = 0.467, 95% CI: 0.280–0.777)and TT + AA(P = 0.003,OR = 0.497, 95% CI: 0.315–0.785) genotypes had a significantly lower risk of sepsis. For the IL-10-1082 gene, newborns with the AA genotype(P = 0.002,OR = 1.702, 95% CI: 1.218–2.377), as well as those with the AA + GA genotype(P = 0.016,OR = 1.731, 95% CI: 1.108–2.705), had a significantly higher risk of sepsis. Lastly, newborns carrying the TNF-α–308 A allele (P = 0.016,OR = 1.257, 95% CI: 1.044–1.513)or the AA genotype(P = 0.009,OR = 1.913, 95% CI: 1.179–3.10) have a significantly increased risk of sepsis. Notwithstanding, additional studies must be included for validation. Applying these cytokines in clinical practice and integrating them into auxiliary examinations facilitates the early detection of susceptible populations for neonatal sepsis, thereby providing a new diagnostic and therapeutic approach for neonatal sepsis.
The association between smoking and cervical human papillomavirus infection among women from indigenous communities in western Botswana
Authors: Tsima Billy M. , Motlhatlhedi Keneilwe , Sharma Kirthana , Rantshabeng Patricia , Ndlovu Andrew , Gaolathe Tendani , Kyokunda Lynnette T. 
Published: June 2024

Introduction
Cervical cancer, a malignancy caused by infection with oncogenic human papillomavirus, disproportionally affects women from low resource settings. Persistence of human papillomavirus infection may mediate an association between tobacco use and cervical cancer. In limited resource settings, women from indigenous communities are often marginalized and do not benefit from evidence-based interventions to prevent tobacco use or cervical cancer due to the limited reach of mainstream healthcare services to these communities. This study determined the association between smoking and high-risk human papillomavirus infection among women from indigenous communities in western Botswana.

Methods
A cross-sectional study of women in indigenous communities was conducted between June and October 2022. Demographic, clinical and self-reported smoking data were collected. Cervical cytology and HPV DNA testing for high-risk human papillomavirus genotypes were performed. Multilevel multivariable logistic regression models were fit to evaluate the association between smoking and high-risk human papillomavirus infection while adjusting for potential confounders.

Results
A total of 171 participants with a median (interquartile range) age of 40 (31–50) years from three settlements and two villages were recruited for the study. Of these, 17% were current smokers, 32.8% were living with HIV and high-risk human papillomavirus DNA was detected in 32.8% of the cervical specimens. Women who were current smokers, were nearly twice as likely to have cervical high-risk human papillomavirus infection compared to non-smokers (Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI); 1.74(1.09, 2.79)) after controlling for confounders.

Conclusion
These data underscore the need for effective tobacco control to help mitigate cervical cancer risk in this setting. These findings can help inform decisions about targeted cervical cancer prevention and tobacco cessation interventions for women from indigenous communities.
Medicines prices in International (Geary–Khamis) Dollar. The comparison between regulated and deregulated markets
Authors: Zaprutko Tomasz , Cynar Julia , Sygit Maria , Stolecka Aleksandra , Skorupska Patrycja , Jaszcz Paulina , Kopciuch Dorota , Paczkowska Anna , Ratajczak Piotr , Kus Krzysztof 
Published: June 2024

Background
Affordability of medicines is key for effective healthcare. Thus, we compared medicine prices using International Dollar (I$), which allows confronting the values of different currencies. Besides, we intended to verify if pharmaceutical market deregulation leads to lower medicines prices.

Materials and methods
We conducted the study between December 2019 and September 2022 collecting data from 21 countries. From the preliminary sampling of 30 medicines, we selected 10 brand names (5 Rx and 5 OTC brands) for the analysis. In each country, we collected price information from 3 pharmacies and then converted them to the I$ using the rates published by the International Monetary Fund.

Results
There were differences between regulated and deregulated markets in prices presented in I$. For instance, Aspirin C® (10 soluble pills) was on average I$ 5.41 in Finland (regulated market) and I$ 13.25 in Brazil. The most expensive Xarelto® 20 x 28 pills (I$ 538.40) was in Romania, which in the case of other medicines, was in the group of cheaper countries. There was no statistical significance in price comparison between regulated and deregulated markets. In some cases, however, regulated markets offered lower prices of the same medicine than deregulated markets.

Conclusion
The analysis revealed differences in I$ prices between countries. Pharmaceutical market regulation does not mean higher prices of medicines. There is a need for affordable medicines. Hence, decision-makers should work on the medicines prices and adjust them to the local economies. I$ could be important in creating pharmaceuticals prices, and the conducted study should encourage other researchers to present their results using this currency.
Unraveling the impact of AXIN1 mutations on HCC development: Insights from CRISPR/Cas9 repaired AXIN1-mutant liver cancer cell lines
Authors: Zhang Ruyi , Li Shanshan , Schippers Kelly , Eimers Boaz , Niu Jiahui , Hornung Bastian V. H. , van den Hout Mirjam C. G. N. , van Ijcken Wilfred F. J. , Peppelenbosch Maikel P. , Smits Ron 
Published: June 2024

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly aggressive liver cancer with significant morbidity and mortality rates. AXIN1 is one of the top-mutated genes in HCC, but the mechanism by which AXIN1 mutations contribute to HCC development remains unclear.

Methods
In this study, we utilized CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to repair AXIN1-truncated mutations in five HCC cell lines.

Results
For each cell line we successfully obtained 2–4 correctly repaired clones, which all show reduced β-catenin signaling accompanied with reduced cell viability and colony formation. Although exposure of repaired clones to Wnt3A-conditioned medium restored β-catenin signaling, it did not or only partially recover their growth characteristics, indicating the involvement of additional mechanisms. Through RNA-sequencing analysis, we explored the gene expression patterns associated with repaired AXIN1 clones. Except for some highly-responsive β-catenin target genes, no consistent alteration in gene/pathway expression was observed. This observation also applies to the Notch and YAP/TAZ-Hippo signaling pathways, which have been associated with AXIN1-mutant HCCs previously. The AXIN1-repaired clones also cannot confirm a recent observation that AXIN1 is directly linked to YAP/TAZ protein stability and signaling.

Conclusions
Our study provides insights into the effects of repairing AXIN1 mutations on β-catenin signaling, cell viability, and colony formation in HCC cell lines. However, further investigations are necessary to understand the complex mechanisms underlying HCC development associated with AXIN1 mutations.
Inflammatory bowel disease and risk of autoimmune hepatitis: A univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Chi Gang , Pei Jinhong , Li Xueqing 
Published: June 2024

Objective
This study aimed to use Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the potential causal association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).

Methods
Two-sample MR was performed to estimate the causal effect of IBD on AIH. The primary analysis employed the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method in univariable MR analysis, supplemented by additional methods including MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode. The p values were adjusted by FDR p-value adjustment. In the replication analysis, the primary IVW analysis was repeated and then pooled by meta-analysis. Sensitivity analyses were performed using Cochran’s Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO, leave-one-out, and funnel plot analysis to evaluate the robustness of the MR findings. Additionally, multivariable MR (MVMR) was employed to estimate the direct causal effect of IBD on the risk of AIH.

Results
In univariable MR analysis, a significant positive causal association was observed between IBD (both Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC)) and the risk of AIH (for CD and AIH, the IVW odds ratio (OR) = 1.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.00–1.16, P = 0.045, FDR P = 0.045; for UC and AIH, the IVW OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.00–1.13, P = 0.038, FDR P = 0.076). Furthermore, no significant positive correlation between IBD and the risk of AIH (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.94–1.35, P = 0.194). Sensitivity analysis revealed no pleiotropic bias. MVMR analysis further confirmed the direct causal effect of CD or UC on the risk of AIH after adjusting for the common risk factors (cigarettes per day and osteoporosis). In the replication analysis, the positive causal association between UC and the risk of AIH remain significant (the IVW odds ratio (OR) = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.18–1.48, P = 2.90E-06). While no significant positive association was observed between CD or IBD and the risk of AIH in the replication analysis, a suggestive positive association between the identified risk factors (UC, CD, and IBD) and the risk of AIH was detected in the meta-analysis (OR = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.05–1.13, P<0.0001).

Conclusion
This MR study revealed a positive impact of the identified risk factors (CD, UC and IBD) on the risk of AIH within the European population.
Processing of alcohol pomelo beverage (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) using saccharomyces yeast: Optimization, physicochemical quality, and sensory characteristics
Authors: Huynh Ngoc Thanh Tam , Nguyen Thanh Thuy , Tran Thanh Truc , Nguyen Tan Hung , Ton Nu Thuy An , Pham Tri Nhut 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In the harvest season, besides good quality pomelos, many unqualified pomelos exist for commercial purposes. However, these products still have much potential to be exploited to optimize profits for producers. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of developing a alcohol pomelo beverage (APB) process from pomelo to create added value for this fruit. In this study, pomelo fruit, a tropical fruit with high nutritional values, was used as the primary substrate for a process of alcoholic fermentation using Saccharomyces strains. The indicators included yeast with a density of 103, 105, and 107 CFU/mL, initial total soluble solid (TSS) was 19, 23, and 27, and the fermentation time was 0, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 days. The result shows that the optimal fermentation process could be carried out at the initial TSS of 27%, yeast density of 103 CFU/mL, and fermentation time of 12 days to attain the final product with the alcohol content of 10.35% (v/v). In addition, the final product was found to show the presence of phytochemicals such as phenols, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, coumarins, quinones, saponins, terpenoids, and steroids. The total polyphenol content in beverage was 271.3 mg GAE/mL, highly correlated to its antibacterial capacity. Besides, the antioxidant capacity of APB was also recorded through the DPPH free radical scavenging ability of 11,599 µg/mL and H2O2 of 14.33 µg/mL, respectively. Sensory evaluation results recorded positive feedback on odor (4.2/5) and acceptability (4/5). In summary, APB products have nutritional value and organoleptic characteristics that are suitable for the consideration of large-scale production expansion in the future.