bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A City Developed for (and by) Tourism: Campos do Jordão (São Paulo, Brazil)
Authors: Mendes Bruna C. , Panza Tatiana Marchetti 
Published: May 2024

Summary
Brazil provides several tourist destination options besides soccer, sun, and beaches. The cold weather and nature are the pillars of tourism in Campos do Jordão, a city that began to develop due to the tuberculosis pandemic that hit the country in the 18th century when it started hosting patients who sought a cure for this disease through life near nature, cold weather and resting. Over the years, it began to attract São Paulo City’s elite, which sought isolated treatment for tuberculosis or private rest. This elite was the factor behind the city’s development, which turned a city of the sick into a tourist city. The term “Brazilian Switzerland” was adopted as a tourist differential in order to build the imagery of a European city in Brazilian lands. Known as one of the main winter destinations in the country, the city has about 48,000 inhabitants and attracts more than 4.9 million visitors on a yearly basis, on average. However, actions taken in the city often focused on changes to serve tourists, rather than its dwellers. The main challenges faced by this city comprise social contrasts between the local population and visitors, lack of social participation in the urban and tourist planning process, as well as poor public power performance in territory organization processes.

Information
© The Authors 2024
Spin Resolved Zero-Line Modes in Minimally Twisted Bilayer Graphene from Exchange Field and Gate Voltage
Authors: You Sanyi , An Jiaqi , Qiao Zhenhua 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The reliance on spin-orbit coupling or strong magnetic fields has always posed significant challenges for the mass production and even laboratory realization of most topological materials. Valley-based topological zero-line modes have attracted widespread attention due to their substantial advantage of being initially realizable with just an external electric field. However, the uncontrollable nature of electrode alignment and precise fabrication has greatly hindered the advancement in this field. By utilizing minimally twisted bilayer graphene and introducing exchange fields from magnetic substrates, we successfully realize a spin-resolved, electrode-free topological zero-line mode. Further integration of electrodes that do not require alignment considerations significantly enhances the tunability of the system’s band structure. Our approach offers a promising new support for the dazzling potential of topological zero-line mode in the realm of low-energy-consumption electronics.
Tailoring thermoelectric performance of n-type Bi2Te3 through defect engineering and conduction band convergence
Authors: Rana Nabakumar , Mukherjee Suchandra , Singha Pintu , Das Subarna , Bandyopadhyay Sudipta , Banerjee Aritra 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Bi2Te3, an archetypical tetradymite, is recognised as a thermoelectric (TE) material of potential application around room temperature. However, large energy gap (ΔEc
) between the light and heavy conduction bands results in inferior TE performance in pristine bulk n-type Bi2Te3. Herein, we propose enhancement in TE performance of pristine n-type Bi2Te3 through purposefully manipulating defect profile and conduction band convergence mechanism. Two n-type Bi2Te3 samples, S1 and S2, are prepared by melting method under different synthesis condition. The structural as well as microstructural evidence of the samples are obtained through powder x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopic study. Optothermal Raman spectroscopy is utilized for comprehensive study of temperature dependent phonon vibrational modes and total thermal conductivity (

κ

) of the samples which further validates the experimentally measured thermal conductivity. The Seebeck coefficient value is significantly increased from 235 μVK−1 (sample S1) to 310 μVK−1 (sample S2). This is further justified by conduction band convergence, where ΔEc
is reduced from 0.10 eV to 0.05 eV, respectively. To verify the band convergence, the double band Pisarenko model is employed. Large power factor (PF) of 2190 μWm−1K−2 and lower

κ

value leading to ZT of 0.56 at 300 K is gained in S2. The obtained PF and ZT value are among the highest values reported for pristine n-type bulk Bi2Te3. In addition, appreciable value of TE quality factor and compatibility factor (2.7 V−1) at room temperature are also achieved, indicating the usefulness of the material in TE module.
Insight into constitutive theories of 4D printed polymer materials: a review
Authors: Rodriguez-Morales Jesus A , Duan Hao , Gu Jianping , Zeng Hao , Sun Huiyu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Four-dimensional (4D) printing has emerged as a branch of additive manufacturing that utilizes stimuli-responsive materials to generate three-dimensional structures with functional features. In this context, constitutive models play a paramount role in designing engineering structures and devices using 4D printing, as they help understand mechanical behavior and material responses to external stimuli, providing a theoretical framework for predicting and analyzing their deformation and shape-shifting capabilities. This article thoroughly discusses available constitutive models for single-printed and multi-printed materials. Later, we explore the role of machine learning (ML) algorithms in inferring constitutive relations, particularly in viscoelastic problems and, more recently, in shape memory polymers. Moreover, challenges and opportunities presented by both approaches for predicting the mechanical behavior of 4D printed polymer materials are examined. Finally, we concluded our discussion with a summary and some future perspectives expected in this field. This review aims to open a dialogue among the mechanics community to assess the limitations of analytical models and encourage the responsible use of emerging techniques, such as ML. By clarifying these aspects, we intend to advance the understanding and application of constitutive models in the rapidly growing field of 4D printing.
Gravitational lensing by a stable rotating regular black hole
Authors: Xie Chen-Hao , Zhang Yu , Sun Qi , Li Qi-Quan , Duan Peng-Fei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Recent observational data from the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration provide convincing realistic evidence for the existence of black hole rotation. From a phenomenological perspective, a recently proposed stable rotating regular (SRR) black hole circumvents the theoretical flaws of the Kerr solution. For the purpose of obtaining observational signatures of this black hole, we study its gravitational lensing effect. In the strong deflection limit, we calculate the deflection angle of light on the equatorial plane, the radius of the photon sphere, and other observables. The observables include the relativistic image position, separation, magnification, and time delays between different images. Then, by modeling M87* and Sgr A* as the SRR black hole, we compute their observables and evaluate the deviation of the observables from the Kerr case. In the weak deflection limit, we calculate the light deflection angle on the equatorial plane of M87* and Sgr A* via the Gauss-Bonnet theorem (GBT). With the growth of deviation parameter e, the gravitational lensing effect in the weak deflection limit intensifies monotonically, and the gravitational lensing effect in the strong deflection limit changes dramatically only at high spins. Our research may contribute to distinguish between SRR black holes from Kerr black holes under higher-precision astronomical observations.
Tidal effects based on a GUP-induced effective metric
Authors: Hong Soon-Tae , Kim Yong-Wan , Park Young-Jai 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we study tidal forces in the Schwarzschild black hole, whose metric explicitly includes a generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) effect. We also investigate interesting features of the geodesic equations and tidal effects that are dependent on the GUP parameter α related to a minimum length. Then, by solving the geodesic deviation equations explicitly with appropriate boundary conditions, we show that α in the effective metric affects both the radial and angular components of the geodesic equation, particularly near the singularities.
Physics-embedded machine learning search for Sm-doped PMN-PT piezoelectric ceramics with high performance
Authors: Xin 辛 Rui 睿 , Wang 王 Yaqi 亚祺 , Fang 房 Ze 泽 , Zheng 郑 Fengji 凤基 , Gao 高 Wen 雯 , Fu 付 Dashi 大石 , Shi 史 Guoqing 国庆 , Liu 刘 Jian-Yi 建一 , Zhang 张 Yongcheng 永成 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) piezoelectric ceramics have excellent piezoelectric properties and are used in a wide range of applications. Adjusting the solid solution ratios of PMN/PT and different concentrations of elemental doping are the main methods to modulate their piezoelectric coefficients. The combination of these controllable conditions leads to an exponential increase of possible compositions in ceramics, which makes it not easy to extend the sample data by additional experimental or theoretical calculations. In this paper, a physics-embedded machine learning method is proposed to overcome the difficulties in obtaining piezoelectric coefficients and Curie temperatures of Sm-doped PMN-PT ceramics with different components. In contrast to all-data-driven model, physics-embedded machine learning is able to learn nonlinear variation rules based on small datasets through potential correlation between ferroelectric properties. Based on the model outputs, the positions of morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) with different Sm doping amounts are explored. We also find the components with the best piezoelectric property and comprehensive performance. Moreover, we set up a database according to the obtained results, through which we can quickly find the optimal components of Sm-doped PMN-PT ceramics according to our specific needs.
Machine-learning-assisted efficient reconstruction of the quantum states generated from the Sagnac polarization-entangled photon source
Authors: Mao 毛 Menghui 梦辉 , Zhou 周 Wei 唯 , Li 李 Xinhui 新慧 , Yang 杨 Ran 然 , Gong 龚 Yan-Xiao 彦晓 , Zhu 祝 Shi-Ning 世宁 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Neural networks are becoming ubiquitous in various areas of physics as a successful machine learning (ML) technique for addressing different tasks. Based on ML technique, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an efficient method for state reconstruction of the widely used Sagnac polarization-entangled photon source. By properly modeling the target states, a multi-output fully connected neural network is well trained using only six of the sixteen measurement bases in standard tomography technique, and hence our method reduces the resource consumption without loss of accuracy. We demonstrate the ability of the neural network to predict state parameters with a high precision by using both simulated and experimental data. Explicitly, the mean absolute error for all the parameters is below 0.05 for the simulated data and a mean fidelity of 0.99 is achieved for experimentally generated states. Our method could be generalized to estimate other kinds of states, as well as other quantum information tasks.
Negligible normal fluid in superconducting state of heavily overdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ detected by ultra-low temperature angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
Authors: Yin 殷 Chaohui 超辉 , Wang 汪 Qinghong 清泓 , Xie 解 Yuyang 于洋 , Chen 陈 Yiwen 逸雯 , Liu 刘 Junhao 俊豪 , Yang 杨 Jiangang 鉴刚 , Jia 贾 Junjie 俊杰 , Zhang 张 Xing 杏 , Lv 吕 Wenkai 文凯 , Yan 闫 Hongtao 宏涛 , Rong 戎 Hongtao 洪涛 , Zhang 张 Shenjin 申金 , Wang 王 Zhimin 志敏 , Zong 宗 Nan 楠 , Liu 刘 Lijuan 丽娟 , Li 李 Rukang 如康 , Wang 王 Xiaoyang 晓洋 , Zhang 张 Fengfeng 丰丰 , Yang 杨 Feng 峰 , Peng 彭 Qinjun 钦军 , Xu 许 Zuyan 祖彦 , Liu 刘 Guodong 国东 , Mao 毛 Hanqing 寒青 , Zhao 赵 Lin 林 , Li 李 Xintong 昕彤 , Zhou 周 Xingjiang 兴江 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In high temperature cuprate superconductors, it was found that the superfluid density decreases with the increase of hole doping. One natural question is whether there exists normal fluid in the superconducting state in the overdoped region. In this paper, we have carried out high-resolution ultra-low temperature laser-based angle-resolved photoemission measurements on a heavily overdoped Bi2212 sample with a T
c of 48 K. We find that this heavily overdoped Bi2212 remains in the strong coupling regime with 2Δ
0/(k
B
T
c) = 5.8. The single-particle scattering rate is very small along the nodal direction (∼5 meV) and increases as the momentum moves from the nodal to the antinodal regions. A hard superconducting gap opening is observed near the antinodal region with the spectral weight at the Fermi level fully suppressed to zero. The normal fluid is found to be negligibly small in the superconducting state of this heavily overdoped Bi2212. These results provide key information to understand the high T
c mechanism in the cuprate superconductors.
High-Z impurity neoclassical transport in the tokamak plasmas due to the single-null divertor configuration
Authors: Pan Chengkang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A new mechanism for the high-Z impurity neoclassical particle transport in the tokamak plasmas due to the single-null divertor configuration is discovered for the first time. It will play an important role in the tokamak plasma pedestal region with the coexisting of the strong bulk ion radial gradients and the up/down asymmetry of the poloidal magnetic field. The outward (inward) high-Z impurity neoclassical particle transport will be driven with the

B

×
∇
B

drift towards (away from) the X-point. The new finding indicates that the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor lower single-null divertor configuration will be beneficial for screening and flushing out the high-Z impurity in the pedestal region with the toroidal magnetic field in the normal direction (

B

×
∇
B

drift towards the X-point).
Observation of a new pedestal stability regime in MAST Upgrade H-mode plasmas
Authors: Imada K. , Osborne T.H. , Saarelma S. , Clark J.G. , Kirk A. , Knolker M. , Scannell R. , Snyder P.B. , Vincent C. , Wilson H.R. ,   the MAST Upgrade Team
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The first pedestal stability and structure analysis on the new MAST Upgrade (MAST-U) spherical tokamak H-mode plasmas is presented. Our results indicate that MAST-U pedestals are close to the low toroidal mode number (n) peeling branch of the peeling-ballooning instability, in contrast with MAST H-mode pedestals which were deeply in the high-n ballooning branch. This offers the possibility of reaching the ELM-free quiescent H-mode (Burrell et al 2005 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
47 B37–B52) or high-performance super H-mode (Snyder et al 2015 Nucl. Fusion
55 083026; Snyder et al 2019 Nucl. Fusion
59 086017) regimes. In addition, the coupling between the peeling and ballooning branches is weak in MAST-U, suggesting that a path to very high pedestal pressure gradient at high density may exist with sufficient heating power. A possible explanation for the differences between MAST and MAST-U pedestal stability is given in terms of plasma shaping parameters, in particular squareness and elongation, as well as the pedestal top temperature and collisionality.
Quasi-single-stage optimization for permanent magnet stellarators
Authors: Yu Guodong , Liu Ke , Qian Tianyi , Xie Yidong , Nie Xianyi , Zhu Caoxiang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Advanced stellarators are typically optimized in two stages. The plasma equilibrium is optimized first, followed by the design of coils/permanent magnets. However, the coils/permanent magnets in the second stage may become too complex to achieve the desired equilibrium. To address this problem, a quasi-single-stage optimization method has been proposed. In this paper, we introduce this method for designing permanent magnet (PM) stellarators. The new approach combines straightforward PM metrics to penalize the maximum required PM thickness and the mismatch between the fixed-boundary equilibrium and the free-boundary one, along with typical physical targets. Since the degrees of freedom of the PMs are not included and directly used to minimize the objective function in this method, so we call it ‘quasi-single-stage’ optimization. We apply this quasi-single-stage optimization method to find a new quasi-axisymmetric PM design. The new design starts from MUSE, which was initially designed using a two-stage optimization approach. The resulting design, MUSE++, exhibits an order of magnitude lower quasi-symmetric error and a one-order reduction in normal field error. We show that MUSE++ has approximately 30% fewer magnets compared to a proxy model ‘MUSE-0’ that uses the same FAMUS optimization without the benefit of a single-stage equilibrium optimization. These results demonstrate that the new single-stage optimization method can concurrently improve plasma properties and simplify permanent magnet complexity.
Nature-Based Solution Water Governance from the Indigenous People inthe Coastal Northern and the Southern Papua
Authors: Wambrauw E V , Rumaropen N , Wambrauw M Y B , Wambrauw L T 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Malind Anim and the Indigenous People in three customary Villages around Youtefa Bay Jayapura (the Enggros People, Tobati People and Nafri People) occupy southern and northern sides Papua respectively. These Indigenous People have their own traditional ecological knowledge as natural based solution to mitigate the impact climate change, to govern water resources and also to provide food security. This aim of this article to identify their culture values as natural based solution in water governance. The combining qualitative and quantitative including systematic literature review, interview and mapping are conducted to cope the result. The Result shows the Malind Anim develop traditional cultivation called wambad complementing with drainage system called kamahib. While the Indigenous People in three customary villages around Youtefa Bay by have their own traditional management resources in mangrove that can maintain the ecosystem and also supporting the policy of blue carbon to mitigate the impacts of climate change. Thus, the Indigenous People already have practiced the natural based solution for intergeneration and their knowledge should be integrated to the policy of government in order to tackle the impacts of climate change and ensure the availability of water resources.
Development of an Integrated Observation Data and Global Numerical Weather Prediction System-Based Rainfall-Runoff Forecasting Model as PJT-I’s Effort in Water Resources Disaster Mitigation
Authors: Muttaqin R M A , Nugrahany A 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Given the vital role of water resources and their vulnerability to climate-driven disasters, especially floods and droughts, the need for effective disaster mitigation strategies in water resource management is evident. PJT-I, a key player in the industry, grapples with this challenge. To address it, PJT-I has embraced the Smart Water Management System (SWMS) platform and innovative enhancements in rainfall-runoff modeling, showcasing their dedication to bolstering real-time monitoring and predictive capabilities. These advances hold the promise of strengthening operational water resource management, spanning allocation and infrastructure operations, and are particularly relevant in the face of escalating extreme weather events. The study’s focus on the Sengguruh reservoir catchment area serves as an illustration, highlighting the creation of two hydrometric-based models: the AWLR Gadang model and the Sengguruh reservoir model. Their effectiveness is validated through data calibration and integration of GFS forecast data, enabling 120-hour forecasting. Rigorous assessment involving correlation, efficiency, determination, and error metrics provides insights into the models’ predictive capacities and limitations amid the dynamic interplay of rainfall-runoff dynamics.
Design of the Jlantah Reservoir Mini-Hydro Power Plant, Karanganyar Regency, Central Java Province
Authors: Soekarno I , Harahap A C 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
An increase in the number of electricity users in Jatiyoso District, Central Java, has occurred in the last few years. In 2020 there were 12,773 families using electricity in Jatiyoso District, where there has been an increase of 79 families using electricity compared to 2019. This increase in electricity demand should be balanced with an increase in sources of electrical energy for the community. Therefore, Jlantah Mini-hydro Power Plant is expected to become a source of electrical energy for the local community. The normal water level of the reservoir is planned at an elevation of +691.00 MASL and the elevation of the intake structure at +661.00 MASL. The total dead storage of the reservoir is 1.66 million and the total effective storage is 9.16 million. The powerhouse elevation planning is carried out by analyzing the 100-year return period of flood in the river around the powerhouse. The powerhouse is planned at an elevation of +624.00 MASL. The turbines used in the powerhouse are 2 turbines. Turbine 1 with HLA550-WJ-55 series and turbine 2 with HLA678-WJ-50 series. The average power generated in a normal year (2013) is 516.44 kW with a total energy of 4.47 GWh. The construction cost of the Jlantah PLTM is estimated at IDR 18,795,716,076.00 with normal annual income (2013) of IDR 4,060,935,522. With this income, the NPV value is IDR 4,461,454,224, IRR is 12.96%, BCR is 1.24, and PBP is 12.78 years, so this project is said to be economically feasible.
Wonorejo dam operation and storage analysis against climate change
Authors: Nurdianyoto I , Cahyo H , Djajasinga V 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Climate change affecting rain intensity within catchment and increase the potential hydrometeorology disasters. Wonorejo Reservoir as a multipurpose dam requires an operational plan and water allocation to fulfill downstream needs, such as irrigation, hydropower, microhydropower, domestic industry uses and flood control. Wonorejo Dam is a backfill type dam with High Water Level (HWL) elevation is +183.00 mSHVP and Low Water Level (LWL) elevation is +141.00 mSHVP, Total storage capacity Wonorejo Reservoir is 109.118 million m3 (2021) or 89.4% from initial total storage capacity (2000), in 2050 predicted sediment volume increase to 17.73 million m3 or 17.6% reservoir capacity and 2050 capacity volume is 100,585 million m3 or 82.4% from initial total storage capacity. Annual Reservoir Operation Plan and Annual Water Allocation Plan for Wonorejo Reservoir in 2022/2023 as water services December 2022 to November 2023 periode, Wonorejo Reservoir elevation at the end of May 2023 reaches HWL and lowest water elevation is +162.64 mSHVP in the first week of November 2023.