bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Development Level and Influencing Factors of Urban‒Rural Integration in the Yangtze River Delta Region
Authors: PENG Zhisheng , DING Weihao , Fan Xingyu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The advancement of Chinese-style modernization and construction largely hinges on urban‒rural integrated development (URID) within the Yangtze River Delta region (YRDR). An index system for evaluating urban‒rural integrated development, encompassing economic, social, and quality-of-life dimensions, is formulated in this study. This study examines the degree of URID and its determinants across 41 cities within the YRDR during the period spanning from 2012 to 2021 by employing the entropy weighting method and geodetic detector model. The results reveal the following. First, the overall URID in the YRDR accelerated. Cities in the central and eastern parts exhibit a greater URID, which decreases toward the west, north, and south, highlighting prominent developmental imbalances between cities. Second, integrated economic development between urban and rural areas (URAs) has consistently demonstrated superior performance. Social integration in URA has exhibited a steady upward trajectory, whereas the integration and improvement of urban and rural residents' quality of life have advanced at a comparatively modest pace. Third, the factors that significantly influence the URID within the YRDR include per capita GDP, postal and telecommunication services per capita, and the proportion of private car ownership. Conversely, the impact of governmental intervention and agricultural security appears to be comparatively diminished. Moreover, the combined influence of interacting dual factors surpasses that of individual elements, with the influence gradually stabilizing over time. Ultimately, this study provides policy suggestions to foster integrated urban and rural development in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) with a focus on regional collaboration and development strategies.
Performance of GPT-4 and mainstream Chinese Large Language Models on the Chinese Postgraduate Examination dataset: Potential for AI-assisted Traditional Chinese Medicine
Authors: Peng Suyuan , Zhu Yan , Wang Baifeng , Zhang Meiwei , Wang Zhe , Yao Keyu , Hao Meng , Wang Junhui 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

ChatGPT is a well-known example of a Large Language Models(LLMs) that has performed notably well in the medical licensing exams of many countries. Tradition Chinese Medicine(TCM) has gained increasing attention and concern from the international medical community. In China, the medical master’s degree exam carries more weight than the licensing exam due to the multi-level doctor training system. However, the current study lacks an evaluation of the performance of various LLMs in TCM postgraduate examinations. Consequently, we created a test dataset of LLMs using postgraduate examination questions to comprehensively evaluate the performance of GPT-4 and mainstream Chinese LLMs in responding to knowledge and clinical inquiries about TCM. Besides computing the exam scores and presenting LLM's performance on various subjects, we evaluated the output responses based on three qualitative metrics: logical reasoning, and the ability to use internal and external information. The results indicated that Ernie Bot and ChatGLM's expertise in TCM surpassed the passing threshold for the postgraduate selection examination, showcasing their enormous potential as TCM support tools.
Circ4207 regulates vasculogenic mimicry formation in colorectal cancer through the miR-20b-5p/VEGFA axis
Authors: He Zhiqiang , Wang Yue , Yang Tianyi , Xiong Chengying , Liang Mingli , Ou Zhuojun , Chen Yan , Tang Min 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is highly prone to metastasis, leading to a continual increase in the number of deaths each year. One of the commonly used clinical treatments for CRC metastasis is anti-angiogenesis, and vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is considered to be one of the important reasons for the unsatisfactory effect of anti-vascular therapy. Circular RNA (CircRNA) may have an essential regulatory effect during the development of VM and appears to be an ideal marker for fluid biopsy. Therefore, exploring the role of circular RNA in the formation of VM is of great value to the diagnosis and treatment of CRC.
Methods
The differentially expressed circRNAs in CRC were obtained by full transcriptome sequencing. Then the back splice site and its good stability were verified by Sanger sequencing, RNase R and Actinomycin D experiments. Then, the effects of Circ4207 on the growth, invasion and VM of CRC were investigated in vitro and in vivo. The regulatory mechanism between Circ4207 and miR-20b-5p/VEGFA was further confirmed by bioinformatics, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and dual luciferase reporting experiments. Finally, the serum levels of Circ4207 in patients with colorectal cancer were detected to evaluate its clinical diagnostic value.
Results
Circ4207 is highly expressed in CRC. Circ407 promotes the proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer and also facilitates the formation of vascular mimicry. Further studies revealed that Circ4207 primarily enhances the formation of vasculogenic mimicry through the miR-20b-5p/VEGFA axis. The study found higher levels of Circ4207 in the serum of patients with colorectal cancer (P < 0.001).
Conclusions
Circ4207 promotes the formation of vasculogenic mimicry in colorectal cancer through the miR-20b-5p/VEGFA axis. It is suggested that it can be used as a potential liquid biopsy marker and a novel therapeutic target for CRC.
Non-smooth modelling of drive wheels stick-slip
Authors: Oprea Razvan Andrei , Tudorache Cristina Mihaela , Spiroiu Marius Adrian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Motor railway vehicles necessitate enhanced control of wheel-rail contact mechanics to ensure optimal adhesion. During train running, driving axles can exhibit torsional vibrations that compromise adhesion and potentially lead to axle damage. Consequently, the development of dynamic models for analyzing driving axle stick-slip phenomena and control strategies is an area of significant research interest. This work focuses on demonstrating the efficacy of non-smooth models in studying the torsional stick-slip behaviour of axles in traction vehicles during acceleration. Despite their application in various railway vehicle problems, non-smooth models haven't been explored as an alternative for analyzing stick-slip. The proposed model prioritizes simplicity while capturing the essential friction characteristics, enabling efficient dynamic simulations. A set-valued friction law is incorporated, and the equations of motion are formulated as a switch model. Numerical integration is achieved through an event-driven algorithm. The paper showcases application examples for the model. A direct comparison with a “classic” model yields that the non-smooth integration is 5 times more efficient in the stick phase.
Fisher information and quantum entropies of a 2D system under a non-central scalar and a vector potentials
Authors: Becir Ahmed , Moumni Mustapha 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In this study, we examine a 2 dimensional system influenced by a non-central potential consisting of a Kratzer potential with a dipole moment, along with a vector potential of the (AB) effect. We explore various information-theoretic measures, including Fisher information, Shannon entropy, Tsallis entropy, and Rényi entropy. Our numerical results show that the Fisher information increases with an increase in dissociation energy and decreases with rising dipole moment, Aharonov–Bohm potential strength, and both the radial and angular quantum numbers. In contrast, the Shannon entropy, the Tsallis entropy, and the Rényi entropy decrease with rising dissociation energy, while they increase with an increase in dipole moment, Aharonov–Bohm potential strength, as well as the principal and angular quantum numbers. These observations collectively indicate that the precision and localization of particles in space are enhanced by the increasing of the dissociation energy and reduced when the dipole moment, Aharonov–Bohm potential strength, and both the radial and angular quantum numbers increase.
Data Communication in Wireless Sensor Networks with Short Labels
Authors: Lam Tan , Huynh Dung 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Broadcast, Convergecast, and Data Aggregation are the three most used communication primitives in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Due to collisions, without labels, these communication tasks cannot be done deterministically, even in a four-cycle network. In this paper, we study the deterministic distributed broadcast, convergecast, and data aggregation algorithms enhanced with labeling schemes for WSNs in environments where collisions are present. For the convergecast algorithm, our labeling scheme uses at most O(log Δ) number of bits where Δ is the maximum node degree, which is better than previous approaches which use at least O(log n) amount of storage, where n is the number of nodes in the network. For broadcast algorithms in geometric graphs under the radio network or the SINR collision model, our labeling schemes use at most a constant number of bits. Based on the broadcast algorithms, we design data aggregation algorithms for geometric graphs under these collision models whose label sizes are at most O(log Δ). Our convergecast and broadcast algorithms are not only asymptotically space-optimal in terms of label sizes but also match the asymptotic runtime lower bounds to achieve these data communication primitives when nodes in the networks have unique IDs of size O(log n) and/or coordinate information. Finally, our data aggregation algorithms match the best runtime upper bounds when nodes are assumed to know a much larger amount of information than a label of size O(log Δ).
Experimental study of the effect of natural fracture curvature on hydraulic fracture propagation behavior
Authors: Gong Xun , Jin Zhijun , Ma Xinhua , Liu Yuyang , Li Guanfang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The interaction mechanism between hydraulic fractures and natural fractures has been the focus of hydraulic fracturing research. To reveal the influence mechanism of natural fractures with different curvatures on hydraulic fracture propagation during the fracturing process, this study simulated the hydraulic fracture propagation patterns under natural fractures with different curvatures by carrying out large-size true triaxial hydraulic fracturing physical modeling experiments on artificial rock samples prefabricated with different curvatures of fractures. Results show that the injection rate of fracturing fluid and the curvature of natural fractures have important effects on the interaction between hydraulic fractures and natural fractures. When the approximation angle (the angle between the hydraulic fracture and the natural fracture) is 90°, with the gradual decrease of the fracturing fluid injection rate, the interaction between the hydraulic fracture and the natural fracture shows that the hydraulic fracture passes through the natural fracture directly, and gradually changes to the hydraulic fracture passes through the natural fracture and also extends along the natural fracture, and then in the end, only hydraulic fracture extends along the natural fracture occurs. When the injection rate is constant and the approximation angle is 90°, with the curvature of the natural crack gradually increasing (increasing curvature), the interaction between the hydraulic fracture and the natural fracture shows that the hydraulic fracture passes through the natural fracture and also partially extends along the natural fracture, and gradually changes to the hydraulic fracture extending only along the natural fracture, and then finally extends along the direction of the maximum horizontal principal stress. The results of the study are instructive for revealing the interaction mechanism between hydraulic fractures and natural cracks.
Serum starvation induces cytosolic DNA trafficking via exosome and autophagy-lysosome pathway in microglia
Authors: Zhou Liyan , Wu Zilong , Yi Xiaoqing , Xie Dongxue , Wang Jufen , Wu Wenhe 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The imbalance of microglial homeostasis is highly associated with age-related neurological diseases, where cytosolic endogenous DNA is also likely to be found. However, the intracellular trafficking of endogenous DNA remains unidentified. In this study, we demonstrated that nuclear DNA (nDNA) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) undergo different intracellular trafficking under conditions of microglial homeostasis imbalance induced by serum starvation. Upon detecting various components of endogenous DNA in the cytoplasmic and extracellular microglia, we found that cytosolic nDNA primarily exists in a free form and undergoes degradation through the autophagy-lysosome pathway. In contrast, cytosolic mtDNA predominantly exists in a membrane-wrapped form and is trafficked through both exosome and autophagy-lysosome pathways, which are key components of intracellular biomolecule trafficking. When the autophagy-lysosome pathway was inhibited, there was an increase in exosomes. More importantly, the inhibition of the autophagy-lysosome pathway resulted in enhanced trafficking of mtDNA through the exosome pathway. These findings unveiled the crosstalk between these two pathways in the trafficking of microglial cytosolic DNA and thus provide new insights into intervening in age-related neurological diseases.
Analysis of Threaded Joint Mechanical Behavior in Barrel-Type MWD Instrument Under Make-up Torque
Authors: Bao Zhongli , Yu Huiyuan , Song Yanzuo , Jia Qingzheng , Liu Jianfeng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The normal operation of Measurement While Drilling (MWD) instruments is directly impacted by the strength of threaded joints. To investigate the mechanical behavior of threaded joints in Barrel-Type MWD instruments under make-up torque, theoretical analysis is conducted on the load distribution and axial preload force of threaded joints under make-up torque. Based on a typical MWD Instrument, considering the asymmetry of the threads and helix angle, a three-dimensional finite element model of the threaded joint is established. The mechanical behavior of threaded joints under make-up torque is simulated and analyzed using torque loading method. The results indicate that, under make-up torque load, the von-Mises stress distribution on each thread crest of the threaded joint is uneven. The von-Mises stress on the effective engaged threads from the large end to the small end of the threaded joint shows a gradually decreasing trend. During the make-up preloading process of the MWD instrument, excessive make-up torque may lead to the occurrence of thread joint fracture under external load during normal operation. The research findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the mechanical behavior of threaded joints in Barrel-Type MWD instruments under make-up torque load, providing valuable insights for the design and application of threaded joints in Barrel-Type MWD instruments.
PSVM-MR: A Parallel Support Vector Machine Algorithm Based on MapReduce
Authors: Mao Yimin , A Yaser , Neelakandan chandasekaran , Kang Le , Li Wenhao , Guo Bingbing , Miao Decheng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In big data environments,utilizing a parallel Support Vector Machine (SVM) can significantly expedite the training process. However, prior efforts have faced challenges due to the excessive deviation of subset distribution, inadequate performance of parallel training, and poor filtering ability of non-support vector. To tackle these obstacles, this paper proposes a novel approach called SVM algorithm based on MapReduce (PSVM-MR). Firstly, a data partition method based on relative entropy (DP-RE) calculates relative entropy to prevent excessive deviation of subset distribution introduced. Secondly, it presents a redundancy level-removing method based on cosine similarity (RLR-CS) that addresses the inadequate performance of parallel training by eliminating the redundancy levels in the cascade structure. Finally, a non-support vector filtering method (NSVF) that enhances the ability of non-support vector filtering by combining rough identification and singular vector identification is proposed. The proposed algorithm demonstrates higher parallel efficiency and lower training costs compared to the general parallel SVM algorithm.
Exploring the Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence in Multi-Ethnic Refugee Women in Maricopa County, Arizona
Authors: Malekian Sheila , Adeleye Olufunmilola , Fawcett Lubayna , Khan Aqsa 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This study explores the prevalence of urinary incontinence among multi-ethnic refugee women and their comfort levels in discussing this topic with their healthcare providers. Between July and November 2021, 58 refugee women were recruited within community spaces using convenience sampling and word-of-mouth. They completed a 20-item questionnaire in Arabic, Burmese, Swahili, or Somali. Urinary incontinence was identified by an affirmative response to any of the 6-item Urogenital Distress Inventory questions or the report of at least one episode of stress or urgency incontinence per month. The observed prevalence of urinary incontinence in this cohort was 50%. Despite 59.6% of participants expressing comfort in discussing these symptoms, 82.8% of them revealed that they had never spoken with a healthcare provider about them. Moreover, 77.6% of these women reported never being queried about these symptoms by a healthcare professional. Based on these results, urinary incontinence is notably prevalent among refugee women, either surpassing or at least aligning with the prevalence observed in the general female population. Healthcare professionals serving refugee women should consider incorporating screening for this condition into routine office visits. Notably, the limited sample size of this study underscores the necessity for further research on this subject.
Biological evaluation and synthesis of hexahydro-11H-benzo[a]xanthen and pyridine-3-carbonitrile derivatives ...
Authors: Heravi Mohammad Reza Poor , Lashgari Mehdi , Vessally Esmail , mohammadi Bagher 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In the present study, a novel magnetic organosilica supported Pd-Schiff base complex (Fe3O4@SiO2/Si(CH2)3NH/HMPO/Pd(OAc)2) was prepared. The nanocatalyst were synthesized using Fe3O4@SiO2 core–shell nanoparticles and functionalized with 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane (CPTMS) as Fe3O4@SiO2@Cl. The Schiff base ligand was synthesized by reaction of 5-hydroxypicolinaldehyde with hydrazine to produce of (hydrazineylidenemethyl)pyridin-3-ol (HMPO), then palladium acetate was added to produce of Schiff-base-Pd(II) complex. The catalyst was characterized thoroughly by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TEM, VSM, EDX, TGA, SEM image of elemental maps and ICP analyses. Its catalytic activity was assessed in the synthesis of 12-aryl- 8,9,10,12-tetrahydrobenzo[a]xanthene-11-one, 14-aryl-14H- hexahydro-11H-benzo[a]xanthen-11-one and chromeno[2,3-b]pyridine-3-carbonitrile derivatives through a one-pot condensation of dimedone or malononitrile, naphthols, and aryl aldehydes in EtOH/H2O. The excellent yield of products, easy work-up, column-free, short reaction time, and facility of reusability by an external magnet are other important advantages of this methodology.
Non-invasive multiple cancer screening using trained detection dogs and artificial intelligence: A prospective double-blind study
Authors: Half Elizabeth , Ovcharenko Adelina , Shmuel Ronit , Furman-Assaf Sharon , Avdalimov Milana , Rabinowicz Assaf , Arber Nadir 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose: SpotitEarly Ltd. has developed a simple non-invasive self-administered screening method to detect cancer in humans. We conducted a double-blind study that evaluated the specificity and sensitivity of this method in detecting breast, lung, prostate, and colorectal cancer in a single test. The method's performance in detecting 14 additional malignancies was also evaluated.
Experimental design: Breath samples of adults who underwent screening for cancer using gold-standard screening methods, or a biopsy for a suspected malignancy were collected. The samples were analyzed using a bio-integrated platform of trained detection canines and artificial intelligence (AI) tools. Specificity and sensitivity were analyzed.
Results: Overall, 1386 participants (59.7% males, median age 56.0 years) were included. According to cancer screening/biopsy results, 1048 (75.6%) were negative for cancer and 338 (24.4%) were positive. Among the 338 positive samples, 261 (18.8%) were positive for the four cancer types that the canines were trained to detect, with an overall sensitivity and specificity of 93.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 90.3%-96.2%) and 94.3% (95% CI 92.7%- 95.5%), respectively. The sensitivity of each cancer type was similar; breast: 95.0% (87.8%-98.0%), lung: 95.0% (87.8%-98.0%), colorectal: 90.0% (74.4%-96.5%), prostate: 93.0% (84.6%-97.0%). The sensitivity of other malignant tumors that the canines were not trained to detect was 81.8% (95% CI 71.8%-88.8%). The sensitivity of early-stage cancer detection (stages 0-2) was 94.8% (95% CI 91.0%-97.1%).
Conclusions: A bio-hybrid multi-cancer screening platform, combining detection canines and AI tools using breath samples, demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity. This platform enabled early-stage cancer detection of multiple cancer types.
Primary Health Care: Roles of Community Pharmacists in Low- and Middle-Income Countries—A Systematic Review
Authors: Hedima Erick Wesley , Okoro Roland Nnaemeka 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Community pharmacists (CPs) play vital roles in primary healthcare (PHC), yet they are not officially recognised as PHC providers, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
Objectives: This review aims to uncover the provision of PHC services by CPs in LMICs and identify barriers to these services, as well as strategies to overcome them.
Methods: Medline, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and others were searched for articles published between 2000 and 2022 that reported on CPs’ provision of PHC services in LMICs. Eligible studies were evaluated, and data were extracted and assessed for quality using the mixed methods appraisal tool (MMAT).
Results: Only 23 articles were of considerable quality (MMAT 75-<100%), while 13 had a high quality rating (MMAT 100%). The most common PHC services reported were health education, referral to GPs, medication review, point-of-care testing, self-care for chronic illnesses (n=17 countries), and promoting access to essential medicines (n=11 countries). The major hindrances to PHC activities included unfriendly government policies (n=25), lack of time and effective collaboration (n=14), physical barriers and limited knowledge in patient care (n=11). The majority of studies recommended enacting pharmacy-friendly policies to designate CPs as PHC providers (n=17) and continuous professional development (n=18).
Conclusion: Pharmacists in LMICs play a vital role in PHC. Policies that provide primary care providers and continuous training could improve their PHC services.