bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review: An overview about the structure–function relationship of marine sulfated homopolysaccharides with regular chemical structures
Authors: Pomin Vitor H. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractEfforts in both structural and biological studies of sulfated polysaccharides from marine organisms have increased significantly over the last 10 years. Marine invertebrates have been demonstrated to be a source of glycans with particularly well‐defined chemical structures, although ordered structural patterns can also be found occasionally in algal sources such as red seaweeds. Clear and regular structural features are essential for a good understanding of the biological activities of these marine homopolysaccharides of which sulfated fucans and sulfated galactans are the most studied. Herein, the main structural features (sugar type, sulfation and glycosylation sites, and orientational binding preferences) of both sulfated fucans and galactans are individually reviewed with regard to their specific contributions to two frequently described biological functions: the acrosome reaction (a physiological event of sea‐urchin fertilization), and the anticoagulant and antithrombotic activities (an alternative and highly desirable pharmacological application). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 91: 601–609, 2009.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Identification of cell culture conditions to control N‐glycosylation site‐occupancy of recombinant glycoproteins expressed in CHO cells
Authors: Gawlitzek Martin , Estacio Michael , Fürch Tobias , Kiss Robert 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe effect of different cell culture conditions on N‐glycosylation site‐occupancy has been elucidated for two different recombinant glycoproteins expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, recombinant human tissue plasminogen activator (t‐PA) and a recombinant enzyme (glycoprotein 2—GP2). Both molecules contain a N‐glycosylation site that is variably occupied. Different environmental factors that affect the site‐occupancy (the degree of occupied sites) of these molecules were identified. Supplementing the culture medium with additional manganese or iron increased the fraction of fully occupied t‐PA (type I t‐PA) by approximately 2.5–4%. Decreasing the cultivation temperature from 37 to 33°C or 31°C gradually increased site‐occupancy of t‐PA up to 4%. The addition of a specific productivity enhancer, butyrate, further increased site‐occupancy by an additional 1% under each cultivation temperature tested. In addition, the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine and thyroxine increased site‐occupancy of t‐PA compared to control conditions by about 2%. In contrast, the addition of relevant nucleoside precursor molecules involved in N‐glycan biosynthesis (e.g., uridine, guanosine, mannose) either had no effect or slightly reduced site‐occupancy. For the recombinant enzyme (GP2), it was discovered that culture pH and the timing of butyrate addition can be used to control N‐glycan site‐occupancy within a specific range. An increase in culture pH correlated with a decrease in site‐occupancy. Similarly, delaying the timing for butyrate addition also decreased site‐occupancy of this molecule. These results highlight the importance of understanding how cell culture conditions and media components can affect the product quality of recombinant glycoproteins expressed in mammalian cell cultures. Furthermore, the identification of relevant factors will enable one to control product quality attributes, specifically N‐glycan site‐occupancy, within a specific range when applied appropriately. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009;103: 1164–1175. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Equalizing growth in high‐throughput small scale cultivations via precultures operated in fed‐batch mode
Authors: Huber Robert , Scheidle Marco , Dittrich Barbara , Klee Doris , Büchs Jochen 
Published: April 2009

AbstractAn often underestimated problem when working with different clones in microtiter plates and shake flask screenings is the non‐parallel and non‐equal growth of batch cultures. These growth differences are caused by variances of individual clones regarding initial biomass concentration, lag‐phase or specific growth rate. Problems arising from unequal growth kinetics are different induction points in expression studies or uneven cultivation periods at the time of harvest. Screening for the best producing clones of a library under comparable conditions is thus often impractical or even impossible. A new approach to circumvent the problem of unequal growth kinetics of main cultures is the application of fed‐batch mode in precultures in microtiter plates and shake flasks. Fed‐batch operation in precultures is realized through a slow‐release system for glucose. After differently growing cultures turn to glucose‐limited growth, they all consume the same amount of glucose due to the fixed feed profile of glucose provided by the slow‐release system. This leads to equalized growth. Inherent advantages of this method are that it is easy to use and requires no additional equipment like pumps. This new technique for growth equalization in high‐throughput cultivations is simulated and verified experimentally. The growth of distinctly inoculated precultures in microtiter plates and shake flasks could be equalized for different microorganisms such as Escherichia coli and Hansenula polymorpha. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009;103: 1095–1102. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
On‐line adaptive metabolic flux analysis: Application to PHB production by mixed microbial cultures
Authors: Dias João , Pardelha Filipa , Eusébio Mário , Reis Maria A. M. , Oliveira Rui 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn this work, an algorithm for on‐line adaptive metabolic flux analysis (MFA) is proposed and applied to polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production by mixed microbial cultures (MMC). In this process, population dynamics constitutes an important source of perturbation to MFA calculations because some stoichiometric and energetic parameters of the underlying metabolic network are continuously changing over time. The proposed algorithm is based on the application of the observer‐based estimator (OBE) to the central MFA equation, whereby the role of the OBE is to force the accumulation of intracellular metabolites to converge to zero by adjusting the values of unknown network parameters. The algorithm was implemented in a reactor equipped with on‐line analyses of dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide through respirometric and titrimetric measurements. The oxygen and carbon dioxide fluxes were measured directly, whereas acetate, PHB, and sludge production fluxes were estimated indirectly using a projection of latent structures model calibrated a priori with off‐line measurements. The algorithm was implemented in a way that the network parameters associated with biosynthesis were adjusted on‐line. The algorithm proofed to converge exponentially with the steady state error always below 1 mmol/L. The estimated fluxes passed the consistency index test for experimental error variances as low as 1%. The comparison of measured and estimated respiratory coefficient and of the theoretical and estimated yield of sludge on acetate further confirmed the metabolic consistency of the parameters that were estimated on‐line. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2009
Dinuclear Copper(II) Complexes of Macrocyclic Polyamines: Synthesis, Characterization, and DNA Cleavage
Authors: Huang Yu , Chen Shan‐Yong , Zhang Ji , Tan Xin‐Yu , Jiang Ning , Zhang Jing‐Jing , Zhang Yu , Lin Hong‐Hui , Yu Xiao‐Qi 
Published: April 2009

Abstractmagnified imageTwo macrocyclic polyamine ligands and their dinuclear copper(II) (CuII) complexes were synthesized and characterized. In the complexes, two 1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane (cyclen) moieties were bridged by a dipeptide spacer, and CuII as metal ion was coordinated to the ligands to form the novel complexes. These complexes were characterized by UV/VIS, IR, EPR, and ESI‐MS analyses. The catalyzed DNA cleavage and DNA binding properties of these complexes were studied under physiological conditions. The effects of complex concentrations, cleavage time, and temperature on the DNA cleavage reactions were systematically investigated. The results strongly suggested that the plasmid DNA (pUC 19) can be cleaved by the dinuclear CuII complexes. At pH 7.0 and 37°, incubating DNA with the complexes for 24 h, all Form I was selectively converted into Form II. At 55°, pH 7.0, the time was shortened to less than 30 min. According to the mechanism experiment, these complexes cleave plasmid pUC19 DNA by oxidative mechanism. The synergistic effect of the CuII ions is important to improve the DNA cleavage.
Glycoalkaloids as Biomarkers for Recognition of Cultivated, Wild, and Somatic Hybrids of Potato
Authors: Savarese Salvatore , Andolfi Anna , Cimmino Alessio , Carputo Domenico , Frusciante Luigi , Evidente Antonio 
Published: April 2009

Abstractmagnified imageCultivated and wild potato species synthesize a wide variety of steroidal glycoalkaloids (GAs). During breeding programs, species genomes are often put together through either sexual or somatic hybridization. Therefore, the determination of the GA composition of hybrids is very important in that it may affect either human consumption, or resistance to pathogen and pests. Here, we report the results of GA analysis performed on wild Solanum bulbocastanum, haploids of cultivated potato S. tuberosum and their interspecific somatic hybrids. GAs were extracted from tubers and analyzed by HPLC. HPLC Profile of S. tuberosum haploids showed, as expected, the presence of α‐solanine and α‐chaconine. The profile of S. bulbocastanum extract showed lack of α‐solanine and α‐chaconine, and the presence of four GAs. The GA pattern of the somatic hybrids was the sum of their parents' profile. This represents a noteworthy tool for their unequivocal recognition. Interestingly, two hybrids produced not only GAs of both parents but also new compounds to be further investigated. This provided evidence that somatic hybridization induced the synthesis of new metabolites. The nature of the probable unidentified GAs associated to S. bulbocastanum and its somatic hybrids was ascertained by chemical degradation and spectroscopic analysis of their aglycones and sugar moieties. Our results suggest their close relation with GAs of both wild and cultivated potato species.
Percutaneous retrieval of intravascular and intracardiac foreign bodies with a dedicated three‐dimensional snare: A 3‐year single center experience
Authors: Bonvini Robert F. , Rastan Aljoscha , Sixt Sebastian , Noory Elias , Beschorner Ulrich , Leppanen Olli , Mach François , Schwarzwälder Uwe , Bürgelin Karlheinz , Zeller Thomas 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIntroduction:The presence of symptomatic or asymptomatic intravascular/intracardiac foreign body (FB) is under‐reported in the literature, but it is more commonly encountered in clinical practice. The implantation of long‐term venous catheters and the number of technical challenging endovascular procedures are both constantly increasing. Thus, the number of reported FBs will also increase, becoming a serious concern, especially once associated with a cardiovascular complication.Materials and Methods:We report the analysis of 22 patients in whom an intravascular/cardiac FBs retrieval was attempted. The details of the procedure have been discussed in depth emphasizing the technical aspects of the utilized dedicated three‐dimensional snare device (Entrio snare™). The technical feasibility, safety, and efficacy of the retrieval procedure were then analyzed.Results:We divided our patients into two groups. Group 1 included 12 patients in whom the FB had already migrated in the right heart or in the pulmonary circulation. Group 2 included 10 patients with an intravascular FB (intravenous or intraarterial). Technical retrieval success rate was 95.5% (21/22), with a 35‐min procedural mean time and no in‐hospital procedural‐related complications.Conclusions:Our data confirm that different kinds of FBs lodging in different sites of the cardiovascular system can safely and efficaciously be percutaneously retrieved by utilizing a dedicated three‐dimensional snare device. This, therefore, suggests that this minimally invasive intervention should be rapidly attempted, thus anticipating several serious complications. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Useful Sialic Acid Modifications Catalyzed by Palladium
Authors: Chang Chih‐Wei , Norsikian Stéphanie , Beau Jean‐Marie 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA regio‐ and stereocontrolled solution for a selective modification at the C‐2 or C‐4 position of N‐acetylneuraminic acid involves the use of allylic substitution catalyzed by palladium. As illustrated in the scheme, regioselective malonylation is under the strict influence of the ligands associated with the allylpalladium complex.magnified image
The influence of information communications technology (ICT) on cash management and financial department performance: An explanatory model
Authors: San‐Jose Leire , Iturralde Txomin , Maseda Amaia 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe delineated the extent to which various facets of information communications technology (ICT) are used and are perceived as useful by treasury managers, focusing on three indicators of financial department performance: cost savings, improvements in the quality of the information, and enhancements in the use of scenario simulations for decision making. Specifically, we examined the relationship between ICT use in cash management functions within financial departments, perceptions of the importance of cash management to treasury managers, and their perceptions of the usefulness of ICT to financial department performance. The theoretical and applied implications of these findings are discussed. Copyright © 2009 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of Statins on Endothelial Function in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Simova Iana I. , Denchev Stefan V. , Dimitrov Simeon I. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackgroundFlow‐mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery is a method capable of detecting endothelium dysfunction. Statins are generally consent drugs for reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and are shown to improve the systemic endothelial function.HypothesisThe aim of our study was to assess the endothelial function using FMD of the brachial artery in patients with different degrees of coronary artery stenosis with respect to their treatment with statins.MethodsWe evaluated the FMD of 221 patients with coronary arteriography performed, of whom 99 (44.8%) were receiving statins and 122 (55.2%) were not receiving statins.ResultsWe did not find a statistically significant difference in the FMD values between the patients with and without a statin treatment: 5.57 ± 5.68 and 4.69 ± 4.48, respectively, P = .581. In the subgroup of patients without angiographically visible coronary artery stenoses or with stenoses <20% (86 patients), patients undergoing statin treatment had a significantly better endothelial function compared to patients without such a treatment: FMD 9.24 ± 6.87 and 6.50 ± 4.51, respectively, P = .047.ConclusionsFMD could not distinguish between the patients who were treated with statin and those not treated with statins with the same demographic, clinical, and angiographic characteristics. The only exception was in the group of patients with a minor coronary disease. Statin treatment had a more pronounced effect in the earlier stages of coronary atherosclerosis. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Serum Oxidative Stress Level Correlates with Clinical Parameters in Chronic Systolic Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Amir Offer , Paz Hagar , Rogowski Ori , Barshai Marina , Sagiv Moran , Shnizer Sergei , Reznick Abraham Z. , Amir Ruthie E. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackgroundSerum oxidative stress (OS) level has an important role in the inflammatory process of heart failure.HypothesisThe study was designed to analyze serum OS levels in chronic heart failure (HF) patients and to examine the relation between OS levels and other clinical and prognostic parameters of HF.MethodsWe studied 82 consecutive chronic symptomatic HF patients with systolic LV dysfunction (ejection fraction <45%). The serum OS level was determined using thermochemiluminescence assay. We compared the serum OS levels with patients' clinical and prognostic parameters.ResultsHigher serum OS levels were associated with higher New York Heart Association class (P = .01), worse renal function (serum urea, creatinine, and creatinine clearance) (P<.001) and higher serum levels of hs‐C‐reactive protein and N‐terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (P = .001, P<.001, respectively).ConclusionsIn chronic systolic HF patients, high serum OS levels correlate with advanced disease and known markers of poor prognosis. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Effect of Short‐term Isometric Muscle Contraction and the Valsalva Maneuver on Systemic and Pulmonary Hemodynamics in Patients with Severe Heart Failure
Authors: Soucek Miroslav , Frana Petr , Kara Tomas , Sitar Jan , Halamek Josef , Jurak Pavel , Rihacek Ivan , Spinarova Lenka , Oral Ivo 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackgroundChronic heart failure is characterized by high mortality, frequent hospitalization, and reduced quality of life. Patients with severe heart failure are often in very poor physical condition, they are unable to take part in the usual exercise programs, and therefore need an individual approach.HypothesisTo assess the systemic and pulmonary hemodynamic responses to maximum voluntary contraction of the lower extremity muscles (MVC‐LEM) with persistent physiologic breathing, the Valsalva maneuver, and the combination of Valsalva with MVC‐LEM.MethodsSeventeen patients with severe heart failure (ejection fraction 20%) were exposed to 3 types of load for a period of 10 seconds: 1) MVC‐LEM with persistent physiologic breathing, 2) the Valsalva maneuver, and 3) a combination of MVC‐LEM with the Valsalva maneuver. During each measurement, a continuous, time‐synchronized record was taken of the electrocardiogram, and the pulmonary and systemic blood pressures.ResultsThere were slight changes in the heart rate and systemic blood pressure when comparing resting versus MVC‐LEM values. There were much greater and significant changes (P < .01) in the systemic and pulmonary blood pressures when comparing resting versus the Valsalva maneuver or the combination of the MVC‐LEM plus the Valsalva maneuver values.ConclusionsA short maximum voluntary contraction of the muscles of the lower extremities with persistent physiologic breathing did not have an abnormal effect on the systemic and pulmonary hemodynamics in patients with severe chronic heart failure. The Valsalva maneuver caused significantly higher hemodynamic changes in the systemic and pulmonary system with possible negative effects. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical Practice Guides
Authors: Richard Conti C. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn this editorial, I would like to share some thoughts about clinical studies, including value and limitations using as an example a recently published randomized clinical trial. Randomized and non‐randomized clinical trials, epidemiologic studies, and registries guide our clinical practice. They are good but not perfect. Why is this the case? One of the answers is that they provide mean values for outcomes, and mean values do not explain the clinical outcomes of the outliers. A good illustrative example is survival after myocardial infarction. The data that are provided are usually average data, but these data may not reflect the same outcome in patients with little myocardial ischemia and good ventricular function compared to those with poor ventricular function and a large amount of myocardium in jeopardy due to myocardial ischemia. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 change during chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Reni Michele , Cereda Stefano , Balzano Gianpaolo , Passoni Paolo , Rognone Alessia , Fugazza Clara , Mazza Elena , Zerbi Alessandro , Di Carlo Valerio , Villa Eugenio 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Radiologic assessment of tumor response in pancreatic cancer is complicated by desmoplastic reactions within or around the tumor. The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation between a decline in carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 (CA 19‐9) and survival in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer who received upfront chemotherapy.METHODS:CA 19‐9 serum basal values were measured in 247 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer who were enrolled in 5 consecutive trials between 1997 and 2007. Survival curves were compared among patients who had a predefined CA 19‐9 nadir variation (<50%. Group 1; 50% to 89%, Group 2; or >89%, Group 3). To eliminate guarantee‐time bias, survival analysis was repeated using the landmark method.RESULTS:In both univariate and multivariate analysis, the basal CA 19‐9 value significantly predicted survival. The median survival was 15.5 months for 34 patients who had normal basal CA 19‐9 values, 11.9 months for 108 patients who had basal values between 38 U/mL and 1167 U/mL, and 8 months for 105 patients who had basal values >1167 U/mL. At least 1 CA 19‐9 follow‐up value was available for 204 patients who had baseline values greater than normal. A significant difference in overall survival was observed in univariate and multivariate analyses between Groups 1 and 2, between Groups 1 and 3, and between Groups 2 and 3. The results were confirmed using the landmark method.CONCLUSIONS:In this study, baseline CA 19‐9 was confirmed as an independent prognostic factor for survival, and it may be considered as a stratification factor in trials in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Biochemical response may be used as a complementary measure to radiologic response to provide a better assessment of chemotherapy activity and to drive treatment decisions in clinical practice. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Adsorption of Insulin Peptide on Charged Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes: Significant Role of Ordered Water Molecules
Authors: Shen Jia‐Wei , Wu Tao , Wang Qi , Kang Yu , Chen Xin 
Published: April 2009

AbstractOrdered hydration shells: The more ordered hydration shells outside the charged CNT surfaces prevent more compact adsorption of the peptide in the charged CNT systems (see picture), but peptide binding strengths on the charged CNT surfaces are stronger due to the electrostatic interaction.magnified imageStudies of adsorption dynamics and stability for peptides/proteins on single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are of great importance for a better understanding of the properties and nature of nanotube‐based biosystems. Herein, the dynamics and mechanism of the adsorption of the insulin chain B peptide on different charged SWNTs are investigated by explicit solvent molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that all types of surfaces effectively attract the model peptide. Water molecules play a significant role in peptide adsorption on the surfaces of charged carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Compared to peptide adsorption on neutral CNT surfaces, the more ordered hydration shells outside the tube prevent more compact adsorption of the peptide in charged CNT systems. This shield effect leads to a smaller conformational change and van der Waals interaction between the peptide and surfaces, but peptide binding strengths on charged CNT surfaces are stronger than those on the neutral CNT surface due to the strong electrostatic interaction. The result of these simulations implies the possibility of improving the binding strength of peptides/proteins on CNT surfaces, as well as keeping the integrity of the peptide/protein conformation in peptide/protein–CNT complexes by charging the CNTs.