bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
'De Zuivering Der Leer'. Over Protestantiserende Katholieken En Protestanten in Groningen in 1556.1
Authors: Woltjer J.J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractEven after its incorporation in the realm of Charles V in 1536, Groningen remained independent. It continued to be so in the early years of Philip II's reign. The town authorities made the local church tolerant and broad. Even the separatist Mennonites were accepted until the government in Brussels forced the local magistrates to take action against secret conventicles. Between the broad "established church" and the Mennonites, there was hardly room for a Reformed community. It thus remained small until 1566.
Relieken, Legenden En Poëzie. De Verering Van De Heilige Basilia Bij De Cisterciënzers Van Mariënhaven in Warmond
Authors: Overgaauw E.A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSt Basilia is one of the 11.000 Virgins who formed the suite of St Ursula. According to the Life of St Ursula, they were martyred by the Huns in Cologne. St Basilia owes her literary existence to the revelations of Elisabeth of Schönau (1129-64), who attributed names and biographies to several of the human remains discovered in Cologne in the middle of the 12th cent. It was generally assumed that these were the relics of the 11.000 Virgins. The biographical data on St Basilia and her relatives were brought together into a separate Life, closely related to the Life of St Ursula. At the beginning of the 15th cent. the relics of St Basilia were brought from the Cistercian abbey of Camp in the Rhineland to the newly founded abbey of Mariënhaven in Warmond near Leiden. The Life of St Basilia in MS. Paris, B.N. lat. 10886 (Antwerp, 1527) refers explicitly to the relics in Warmond. The same MS. contains carmina about St Basilia by Frederick of Heilo and by an anonymous Dutch poet. These carmina, the Life of St Basilia and its Middle Dutch translation in MS. Leiden, U.L. Ltk 263 (Warmond ?, early 16th-cent.), as well as a letter by the abbot of Camp on the authenticity of the relics of St Basilia, are published for the first time in this article. The edition is preceded by a survey of the development of the legend of St Ursula, and a study of the place of the Life of St Basilia in this development.
Observations On the Oviposition Behaviour of Polemon Liparae Gir
Authors: Mook J.H. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractPolemon liparae Gir. is an important parasite of the chloropid fly Lipara lucens Mg. which induces the formation of a gall on Common Reed (Phragmites communis Trin.). The females of Polemon search for the eggs of Lipara, that are attached to the leaves and stem of the plant. They walk up and down the reed culms with the antennae touching as great a part of the surface of the plant as possible. When an egg is found the insect shifts its position in such a way that the mouthparts touch the far end of the spindle-shaped egg. Next the abdomen is bent forward under the thorax and the egg shell is stroked by the ovipositor. The stroking may be followed by oviposition. This always occurs at the end of the egg. It is suggested that the stroking serves egg recognition and the distinction of parasitized from unparasitized eggs. Contacts with unparasitized eggs lead to oviposition in a much greater proportion of cases than those with eggs that are already parasitized. Only about one half of an egg is tested at a time in this way. The result is that, under laboratory conditions, some host eggs are parasitized two times, receiving a parasite egg at either end. Polemon is an egg larval parasite.
The Influence of Selection and Temperature On a Mutant Character (CiD) in Drosophila Melanogaster
Authors: Scharloo W. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract1. In the mutant ciD of Drosophila melanogaster the relative length of the 4th vein was used as a quantitative character. Divergent selection during 30 to 40 generations for long and short vein length was practised in three unrelated base populations. 2. Selection progress continued through about 20 to 30 generations, sometimes with alternating periods of advance and stability. In all three base populations heritability was approximately 0.3, and similar selection limits were reached far beyond the ranges of the base populations. 3. During the course of selection there were striking changes in the appearance of the frequency distributions (bimodality), particularly in the lines selected for a long, i.e. more normal vein. 4. An explanation for this is proposed, which is based on the assumption that the factors (genetic or environmental) influencing the expression of a character are in their effect dependent on the relative length of the vein. Temperature experiments are described which strongly support this hypothesis. Expression, in response to temperature, appeared to be very sensitive to change in a particular expression range. 5. This view implies that vein determination is governed by two at least partially independent genetic systems, one controlling the relative length of the vein and the other relating modifying influences to their phenotypic effects. 6. Thus, the variability in this mutant character seems to be governed in large measure by the properties of its developmental system. 7. The results are discussed in terms of their significance in the fields of quantitative genetics, developmental genetics, and evolution.
The Place of Animal Being: Following Animal Embryogenesis and Navigation to the Hollow of Being in Merleau-Ponty
Authors: Morris David 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis article pursues overlapping points about ontology, philosophical method, and our kinship with and difference from nonhuman animals. The ontological point is that being is determinately different in different places not because of differences, or even a space, already given in advance, but in virtue of a negative in being that is regional and rooted in place, which Mer-leau-Ponty calls the “hollow.” The methodological point is that we tend to miss this ontological point because we are inclined to what I call transportable thinking, which conceives of things and spatial determinacy itself as being what they are independent of where they are. I argue that we are inclined this way because, in contrast to other animals, we have a weak sense of where we are. We are lost animals. To compensate for lostness, we abstract ourselves from place and conceptualize ourselves and things by way of a transportable, Cartesian “view from above.”
Life beyond Biologism
Authors: Toadvine Ted 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn a move that has puzzled commentators, Derrida’s The Animal that Therefore I Am rejects claims for continuity between the human and the animal, aligning such claims with the ideology of “biologistic continuism.” This problematization of the logic of the human-animal limit holds implications for how we are to understand life in relation to auto-affection, immanence in relation to transcendence, and naturalism in relation to phenomenology. Derrida’s abyssal logic parallels the “strange kinship” described by Merleau-Ponty, though only if this strangeness is intensified as “hetero-affection” by incorporating death into life. Following Merleau-Ponty and Elizabeth Grosz, we locate the creative moment of this abyssal intimacy in the transformative productions of sexual difference. This positive account of the excess of hetero-affection reconciles phenomenology with evolution and offers a figure for thinking the thickening and multiplying of the differences between human and non-human, living and nonliving, corporeal and cosmic.
Becoming One Self: A Critical Retrieval of 'Choice Biography'
Authors: de Lange Frits 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe modern life course is described as a 'choice biography.' Rationality and control, and life planning and self-management are central notions. Instead of rejecting the notion categorically, this article opts for a more balanced approach. The Protestant tradition shares central characteristics with choice biography, as Calvin, Edwards, and Bunyan show. However, there are dissimilarities as well. Fundamental in 'choice biography' is its lack of transcendence. Modern individualism threatens to collapse into one-dimensional secularism and egoism. In retrieving Kierkegaard's legacy, the notion 'choice biography' might undergo a critical re-appraisal. In his philosophy, we find both the absolute value of the individual's choices, and a plea for transcendence.
'That God May Have Mercy Upon All': A Review-Essay of Matthias Gockel's Barth and Schleiermacher on the Doctrine of Election
Authors: Goroncy Jason 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe doctrine of election lies at the heart of Reformed theology. This essay offers a review of Matthias Gockel's recent comparison between two of Reformed theology's greatest voices: that of Friedrich Schleiermacher and Karl Barth. Gockel outlines Schleiermacher's contribution to the doctrine before turning to consider its modifications in Barth's work. The advance of these two thinkers on this issue has significant implications for the ongoing questions of universal election and universal salvation. Consequently, the possibility of an apokatastasis panton arises naturally from their theology. This possibility is briefly explored.
From Moral Authority to Insignificant Minority: The Precarious State of the Dutch Reformed Church in a Post-Apartheid South Africa
Authors: Theron P.F. (Flip) 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis article focuses on the transformation of the 'dearly beloved church' of the Afrikaners from a formerly mighty social institution in the 'old' South Africa to just another minority group in the 'new.' It argues that the Reformed tradition needs a 'political theology' in which the church's message of the cross is not compromised in search of social glory and political power.
Personhood as Particularity: John Zizioulas, Colin Gunton, and the Trinitarian Theology of Personhood
Authors: Awad Najeeb G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractOne of the dimensions of this paper’s twofold purpose is to examine the validity of John Zizioulas’ definition of personhood as communion, and whether or not this produces a coherent understanding of the ontological relation of ‘being’ and ‘communion.’ The second dimension of this paper’s purpose points to Colin Gunton’s similar attempt at understanding personhood by emphasizing unity-in-particularity, rather than communion alone, in the Trinity. In Gunton’s contribution to this issue, I find both a correction to Zizioulas’ reduction of personhood into mere communion, as well as an invitation for understanding personhood from the angle of an understanding of the notion of ‘hypostasis’ that takes personhood beyond ‘in-communion’ into ‘freedom-in-trans-communion,’ making this last as constitutive of personhood as the first.
Teaching International Business Negotiation: Reflections on Three Decades of Experience
Authors: Salacuse Jeswald W. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe author has taught international business negotiation in a wide variety of university courses and executive training programs throughout the world during the last three decades. He has taught international business negotiation both as an end in itself and as a means to teach law, an approach that he calls “the law in the shadow of negotiation.” This article examines three fundamental dimensions of that experience: pedagogical goals, course content and teaching methods. His principal pedagogical goals in international business negotiation courses have been three-old: better negotiation analysis, improved negotiation skills, and increased international business knowledge. Depending on the time available, the content of his international business negotiation courses covers three broad areas: the fundamentals of conflict analysis and the negotiation process, basic themes in international negotiation, such as the importance of negotiation, preparation and the management of internal negotiations, and the special obstacles faced in international business negotiation, such as cultural differences among the parties, the actual or potential role of governments in the negotiation process, and challenges to the stability of negotiated agreements. The author’s teaching relies heavily on experiential methods and materials, such as exercises, simulations and cases, although more didactic methods also have a role.
A Response to John P. Meier's 'Did the Historical Jesus Prohibit All Oaths?'
Authors: Hagner Donald 
Published: July 2010

AbstractJohn Meier's conclusion that Jesus' teaching in Mt 5:34-37 violates the Law of Moses is incompatible with the evangelist's insistence in 5:17 that Jesus did not come to abolish the Law. Jesus remains faithful to the Law by bringing it to its intended meaning, penetrating to the essence of its teaching. If the letter of the Law is violated, its spirit is upheld: the issue is not the oaths themselves, but the importance of unqualified truthfulness. This too is the meaning of the same material in Jas 5:12. The key to understanding Jesus and the Law is to be found in christological and eschatological realities associated with the person and mission of Jesus.
In Response to My Respondents: Jesus and the Eyewitnesses in Review
Authors: Bauckham Richard 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis response replies individually to each of the responses by Samuel yrskog, David Catchpole, Howard Marshall, Stephen Patterson and Theodore Weeden who have written reviews of Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony. Important issues discussed include: names as indications of eyewitness sources, variations between the Gospels, the identity of the Beloved Disciple, models of oral tradition, and Mark as a Petrine Gospel.
Kenneth Bailey's Theory of Oral Tradition: A Theory Contested by Its Evidence
Authors: Weeden, Sr. Theodore 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis is a critique of Kenneth Bailey's theory of oral tradition, a theory which he calls 'informal oral controlled tradition'. Bailey contends that informal oral controlled tradition is an oral methodology employed historically by Middle Eastern societies to preserve and transmit accurately the essential, fundamental components, per Bailey, of their oral traditions. Bailey posits that the same methodology was utilized by the Jesus movement from its outset to at least the time of the Roman-Jewish War in order to preserve accurately and transmit faithfully the essential historical core of its remembrance of Jesus. However, this critique finds that the evidence Bailey marshals in support of his theory not only fails finally to support it but at critically important points witnesses against it.
De Tekst Van De Belijdenisgeschriften En Van De Liturgische Formulieren Der Nederlandse Hervormde Kerk
Authors: Bakhuizen Van Den Brink J.N. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDe aanleiding tot het hier volgende onderzoek 1) is de nog steeds levende vraag, of er een bepaalde vaststelling van de tekst der Liturgie door de Kerk heeft plaats gehad, zodat zij er een geautoriseerde uitgave van zou kunnen bezitten. Gedurende ruim drie eeuwen schijnt de textuele redactie dezer Formulieren eenvoudig door de drukkers gemaakt te zijn. Een geldige tekst der belijdenisgeschriften heeft de Nationale Synode van Dordrecht 1618-19 uitgegeven, waarbij echter dient opgemerkt, dat de tekst van de Catechismus daarbuiten is gebleven. In zake de Liturgische Formulieren heerst onzekerheid wat de vaststelling betreft.
Disobedient Images
Authors: Kleeblatt Norman 
Published: July 2010

AbstractNorman L. Kleeblatt discusses four works of art that present problems of interpretation and reception, each of which touches on visual and textual taboos. Avoidance of works of art with such problematic images is a natural response. However, confrontation of the meanings intended by the artists frequently open new avenues for investigation and interpretation, not to mention new iconographies that often contradict the assumptions of art at the intersection with Jewish culture.
The Tribe Versus the City-State: An Architectural Conundrum for the Jewish Project
Authors: Tigerman Stanley 
Published: July 2010

Abstract“The Tribe versus the City-State” challenges the convention that suggests that the latter is preferable to the former. Throughout millennia the Jews struggled with tribalism, initially by building the First Temple as a means to coalesce tribal differences. Nonetheless, tribalism was used as a rationale to castigate Jews because it reinforced their being discrete from other, more homogenized populations. Over time, the City-State replaced tribalism because of its purported value as a melting pot that further coalesced differences into a more manageable whole. For the Jews however, the City-State exacerbated anti-Semitism in late Nineteenth Century Eastern European pogroms culminating in the Twentieth Century's holocaust. This paper addresses the architectural manifestations of these very different ways of aggregating populations. The Illinois Holocaust Museum project is presented as an example of building for the Jewish project in the context of temporality.
Holding Multilateral Development Banks to Account: Gateways and Barriers
Authors: Nanwani Suresh 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis article offers an examination of the development and operation of accountability mechanisms in multilateral development banks. These mechanisms are gateways for citizens, as non-state actors, to file their grievances in projects that adversely affect them against these international organisations at the international level. The study focuses on the accountability mechanisms established at the World Bank (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and International Development Association) and the Asian Development Bank, and other initiatives and avenues provided by these institutions addressing accountability issues. The article offers an analysis of barriers encountered by claimants in accessing these mechanisms based on insights generated by way of claims filed and participation in accountability procedures. It suggests ways in which civil society's demands for accountability in multilateral development banks and other financial institutions can move forward.
Exploring the Legal Status of Non-Governmental Organisations under International Energy Treaties
Authors: Dick Katherine 
Published: July 2010

AbstractEnergy is now firmly on the global agenda. Many of the international measures that seek to tackle environmental issues arising from energy production and use, and achieve global order in energy trade and investment, have been developed in consultation with non-governmental organisations. However, despite the significant contribution of non-governmental organisations in this area, little attention has been paid to the formal legal status of such organisations under international energy treaties. A wide range of elements are examined in this article and found to support a limited legal status on the part of non-governmental organisations under international energy treaties created within the United Nations system, which implies a conditional 'right' to participate. However this right is limited to a right to participate in setting the policy framework of those treaties only, rather than a right to participate in judicial disputes. Moreover, the current legal treatment of NGOs differs in the specific issue areas of energy, given this area has been dealt with in an ad hoc manner by means of numerous, largely unrelated international energy treaties. In particular, NGOs have a very limited legal status, if at all, under international energy treaties created outside the United Nations system.
Hunting by Indigenous Peoples of Charismatic Mega-Fauna: Does Human Rights Approach Challenge the Way Hunting by Indigenous Peoples is Regulated?
Authors: Hossain Kamrul 
Published: July 2010

AbstractTwo International Covenants (the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights) in common Article 1 highlighted that 'all peoples' have the right to self-determination to freely determine their 'political status' and freely dispose of their 'natural wealth and resources'. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, in Article 27 provides protection of the rights belonging to minority cultures, religion and language. The idea of 'indigenous peoples' was apparently an underdeveloped area at the time of the adoption of the Covenants. The concept of indigenous peoples' rights has developed relatively recently. Thus, whether indigenous peoples are 'peoples' within the meaning of the Covenant, and thereby may be capable of enjoying the right to self-determination has been an unsettled case. When in many countries indigenous peoples form a minority, they are, however, identical as distinct from other minority groups in those countries because of their own way of livelihood and preservation of traditional culture and knowledge. Recent normative development pronounced by the Human Rights Committee suggests that indigenous peoples should be treated as 'peoples' within the meaning of Article 1 of the Covenant and as 'people' they have right to enjoy their traditional way of livelihood including right to enjoy their culture. Thus, the main focus of the article is to examine whether a human rights approach to indigenous peoples' rights has evolved to challenge the international regulatory approach currently applicable to the management of Whale and Polar Bear regime and their traditional hunt by the indigenous peoples.
Recent Developments in Canadian Aboriginal Law: Overview of Case Law and of Certain Principles of Aboriginal Law
Authors: Ochman Patricia 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe author reviews the most recent judgments rendered by the Supreme Court of Canada and certain provincial courts, in order to provide an update in the sphere of Aboriginal law practice in Canada, destined mainly for foreign lawyers and academics. Throughout the review of those recent judgments, the author provides an overview of certain key principles and concepts of Canadian Aboriginal law. Besides providing an overview of recent judgments in the sphere of Aboriginal law, the author seeks to illustrate how meaningful the protection and recognition of Aboriginal rights and treaty rights are in practice, through the overview of key concepts and principles of Canadian Aboriginal law and how they were recently interpreted by Canadian courts. The author briefly addresses Canada's vote against the adoption of the U.N. Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.
Writing Resistance Into International Law
Authors: Buchanan Ruth 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis essay considers the problem of theorizing resistance within international law through a close reading of two recent contributions to the TWAIL literature. It is concerned less with their critiques of contemporary developments, than with how these scholars map the possible spaces for resistance of Third World states and peoples to international legal institutions and discourses. Do they argue that Third World resistance has the potential to transform international law, and move us in the direction of a more just international order? If so, how is that process of change envisioned? While the answers to these questions are, not surprisingly, somewhat elusive; what is illuminated in the attempt is the productively contradictory nature of the TWAIL project itself.
Taking Stock of TWAIL Histories
Authors: Mickelson Karin 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis paper traces the origins of Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL) to a conference held in 1997, and explores the Vision Statement that was circulated among participants at that gathering. It focuses on the relationship of TWAIL to earlier Third World scholarship on international law, and argues that TWAIL should be seen as a part of a Third World tradition of international law scholarship rather than the overarching framework into which all Third World scholarship can be fit.