bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rorschach and suicide-theories: A preliminary study in young women
Authors: Solano P. , Antico I. , Magi E. , Gabrielli F. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionThe accuracy of the Rorschach Test in identifying the pathway to suicide is still controversial, though it can help for a better understanding of the functioning of suicidal minds.ObjectivesTo investigate whether Rorschach indexes fit major suicidal models.AimsTo evaluate whether Schneidman's psychache theory (1993), Baumeister's thought deconstruction model (1990) and Maltsberger's affect deluge model (2003) fit with Rorschach test indexes.MethodsThree young women hospitalised for near-lethal suicide- attempts were analysed through the Rorschach test by trained researchers using the Exner Comprehensive System. The Concept of the Object Scale on the Rorschach (COR) and the Mutuality of Autonomy Scale (MOA) were used for a systematic assessment of object relations and as index of interpersonal relationship capacities respectively.ResultsAll the tests are scarce. All patients rejected Table 9.Patient 1: L = 1.4, EB=3:0, X- index = 0.25, M- = 2, EA=3; X+% = 0.58; P=3; Zd = −1.5; Afr =0.2;Ego index = 0.5 sR=1 and S-CON = 9. COR: poor differentiation, articulation and integration and MOA level 2.Patient 2 : L = 1.5; CDI +; EB = 2:0; Afr = 0.37. Ego index 0.3; EA = 2 ; S-CON = 8. COR = good differentiation and integration, though a poor articulation of the object, MOA level of 2.Patient 3: L = 1.42; Ag=0, COP = 0; S-CON = 8; MOR = 2; Afr = 0.41, SumC’ = 1; CDI +; FM = 2, m = 1, M = 1. COR: scarce differentiation, severely impaired articulation and integration of the object, MOA = level 6.ConclusionsPatient 1's Rorschach test suggests Baumeister's model; patient 2's test Maltsberger's model and patient 3's test Schneidman model.
Suicide intent scale in the prediction of suicide
Authors: Stefansson J. , Nordström P. , Jokinen J. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectiveTo assess the predictive value of the Suicide Intent Scale in patients with a high suicide risk. The secondary aim was to assess if the use of the factors of the Suicide Intent Scale would offer a better predictive value in case detection. Finally a short version of the scale was created after an item analysis.MethodEighty-one suicide attempters were assessed with the Beck‘s Suicide Intent Scale (SIS). All patients were followed up for cause of death. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves and tables were created to establish the optimal cut-off values for SIS and SIS factors to predict suicide.ResultsSeven patients committed suicide during a mean follow up of 9.5 years. The major finding was that mean SIS distinguished between suicides and survivors. The positive predictive value was 16.7% and the AUC was 0.74. Only the planning subscale reached the statistical significance. Four items were used to test a short version of SIS in the suicide prediction. The positive predictive value was 19% and the AUC was 0.82.ConclusionsThe Suicide Intent Scale is a valuable tool in clinical suicide risk assessment, a short version of the scale may offer a better predictive value.
Let's talk about suicide: Primary prevention programmes focusing on youth, elderly and media
Authors: Tančič Grum A. , Poštuvan V. , Roškar S. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionSlovenia is a country with a very high suicide rate. Unfortunately, there is a lack of primary suicide prevention programmes.ObjectivesOur main objective was to develop suicide prevention programmes, which would decrease suicide rate in Slovenia. We would achieve that by increasing awareness and knowledge of different professionals, who address or come in contact with the most vulnerable risk groups.MethodsFirstly we identified school counselors, family doctors and media as professionals to target. School counselors have an important gatekeeper’s role in youth suicide prevention and family doctors are of a similar importance for elderly population. Besides, media has a significant influence on any at-risk person regarding suicide prevention. Secondly, we prepared manuals with practical guidelines: for school counselors - how to recognize and deal with suicidal youth, for family doctors - how to recognize and treat depression and suicidal behavior among elderly, and for media representatives - how to responsibly report about suicide. Lastly, we performed 1-day workshops for all gatekeepers’ groups covering the contents of the manuals.ResultsAll the initiatives received highly positive expert-reviews and a lot of encouraging feedbacks from participants. An evaluation with pre-post questionnaire showed that participants’ feelings of competency in dealing with suicidal person have improved after the involvement in programmes’ workshops and reading the manuals.ConclusionsExperiences showed that primary suicide prevention programmes are highly appreciated and we believe that is necessary to continue and deepen the work in this area also in the future.
The role of sunshine in suicide: an explanatory model for the suicide peak in spring
Authors: Vyssoki B. , Sonneck G. , Praschak-Rieder N. , Kasper S. , Willeit M. , Kapusta N.D. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionIt is known from previous studies that suicide follows a seasonal pattern with a peak in spring.ObjectivesAnalyze whether suicidal behavior is associated with the increase in the duration of sunshine in spring.AimsTo investigate the effect of number of sunshine hours per month on suicide rates in Austria between 1996–2006.MethodsSuicide data, differentiated by month of suicide, gender, and method of suicide (violent vs. non-violent methods), were provided by Statistics Austria. Data on the average number of sunshine hours per month were provided by the Austrian Central Institute for Meteorology. For statistical analysis ANOVA tests and Pearson correlation tests were used.ResultsSuicide frequencies were highest between March and May, lowest between November and January (df = 11, F = 5.2, p < .0001). The average number of sunshine hours per month was significantly correlated with the number of suicides among both genders r = .43 (p < .0001), violent methods (r = .48; p < .0001) but not with nonviolent methods (r = .03; p = .707).ConclusionsLight, possibly through interaction with melatonin, norepinephrine and serotonin, may improve motivation and drive first while mood improves at a later point in time. Thereby, a rapid increase in sunshine in spring might increase suicidal tendencies in vulnerable subjects.Fig. 1[Suicides and sunshine hours in Austria,1996-2006]
Behavioral, chronic and mental health in minority women: results from the national Latino Asian American study
Authors: Appel H. , Ai A. , Huang B. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionAsian Americans and Latino women underutilize mental health services.Studies show Asian American women have higher depression scores and less physical activity than their male counterparts. Ethnic minorities are deterred from seeking mental health care in a timely manner or from following appropriate treatment guidelines. Asian American women are less likely to seek mental health services compared to Latina and white women. Mental health issues in Asian and Latina women may be masked by psychosomatic complaints. Data from the National Latino Asian American Study, the first comprehensive epidemiological study of Asian Americans and Latinos in the USA.ObjectivesTo examine the behavioral, chronic and mental health issues in Latina and Asian American women.Methods3,012 Asian American and Latina American women from six ethnic subgroups (Chinese, Filipino, Vietnamese, Cuban, Mexican, and Puerto Rican Americans) from metropolitan areas were interviewed. Measures include behavioral, drug, chronic health conditions, and mental health issues, and frequency of health service seeking using T-tests and ANOVA.ResultsThe results showed Asian Americans women have less heart disease compared with Latina American women, but higher rates of smoking. More Filipinos rated their health as “Excellent” compared with Chinese and Vietnamese, and experience less major depressive disorder than their Asian counterparts. All three Asian American subgroups experience less anxiety than Latina American women.ConclusionsWhile raters of mental health problems may be low, they are unique in how they manifest themselves, and in the distinct ways in which they seek health services. There are marked differences among major ethnic subgroups.
Quality of life and social adaptation in women suffering from fibromyalgia
Authors: Guerro-Prado D. , Echeverria N. , Jiménez L. , Leira M. , García-Resa E. , Ceverino A. , Barjau J. , Rodriguez J.R. , Duque A. , Stantiford E. 
Published: May 2011

We set up a study to analyze quality of life and social adaptation in a group of women suffering from fibromyalgia.Patient inclusion from 1st March to 30th June 2010. An especially designed questionnaire was used for the study, together with Short-Form-36 Health Survey (SF36), Family Apgar questionnaire, Duke-UNC Functional Social Support (Duke-UNC 11) questionnaire, and Social Adaptation Self-evaluation Scale (SASS). SPSS was used for statistical analysis.Following explanation of purpose of our study and confidentiality agreement, 35 women voluntarily joined our study. Mean age was 52.2 years standard deviation (SD) 7.17. 82,9% had children (mean 2.03 and SD 0.94); 85.7% of patients acknowledged coping with fibromyalgia “badly” or “very badly”; 60% acknowledged that their illness affected their families “severely” or “critically”; 94.3% acknowledged their quality of life affected “much” or “very much”; and 85.7% of patients had their social relationships “much” or “very much” affected. 82.9% of our group of patients was under psychiatric treatment. SF36 scored an average of 27.85 on the physical functioning subscale (SD 19.93); physical role 6.42 (SD 18.53); pain 16.64 (SD 13.7); social functioning 32.14 (SD 21.92); mental health 33.14 (SD 19.0); emotional role 15.23 (SD 30.61); vitality 16.28 (SD 18.60) and general health perception 16.71 (SD 14.54). Family Apgar scored 7.34 (SD 2.53). Duke-UNC 11 scored 35.17 (SD 11.34). Finally, SASS scored 31.32 (SD 7.59).In view of the results, women suffering from fibromyalgia showed severe changes in all parameters analyzed, social adaptation being very much impaired.
Fibromyalgia and psychopathology
Authors: Guerro-Prado D. , Echeverria N. , Jiménez L. , Leira M. , García-Resa E. , Ceverino A. , Barjau J. , Rodríguez J.R. , Duque A. , Stantiford E. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionFibromyalgia seems to be associated with various forms of psychopathology, particularly major affective disorders.ObjectiveTo evaluate associated psychopathology in a series of women with diagnosis of fibromyalgia.MethodsPatient inclusion from 1st March to 30th June 2010. Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R) was used for evaluation. SPSS was used for statistical analysis of data and results.ResultsA total of 34 women voluntarily joined our study. Mean age was 52.2 years (standard deviation (SD) 7.17). 11.4% were singled, 74.3% married or unmarried couples, 8.6% were divorced, and 5.7% were widowers. 74.3% of women lived with their couple and/or children whereas 8.6% lived by their own, and 8.6% with their parents. Results obtained with SCL-90-R showed:Global Severity Index (GSI) 1.86 (Standard Deviation (SD) 0.54); Positive Symptom Distress Index (PSDI) 2.58 (SD 0.36); Positive Symptom Total (PST) 167.85 (SD 49.30); Somatization (SOM) 2.62 (SD 0.53); Obsessive-Compulsive (O-C) 2.59 (SD 0.78); Interpersonal Sensitivity (I-S) 1.50 (SD 0.86); Depression (DEP) 2.5 (SD 0.75); Anxiety (ANX) 1.75 (SD 0.74); Hostility (HOS) 1.11 (SD 0.82); Phobic Anxiety (PHOB) 1.09 (SD 0.84); Paranoid Ideation (PAR) 1.11 (SD 0.85); Psychoticism (PSY) 1.05 (SD 0.62), and other vague symptoms 2.15 (SD 0.70).ConclusionOur patients with fibromyalgia scored higher in somatization, obsession-compulsion, depression, and anxiety. In view of the results, there is an important association between fibromyalgia and various forms of psychopathology.
Life course and family history in dermatitis artefact: a comparative study
Authors: El Kissi Y. , Mannai J. , Kenani N. , Nouira R. , Ben Hadj Ali B. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionDermatitis artefact (DA) is a self-inflicted skin disease. The exploration of family history and life course of patients could help to better understand the pathogenesis of this disorder.ObjectiveTo compare family history and life course between patients with DA with patients with other chronic skin disease and siblings.Materials and methodsThirty female patients meeting DSM-IV criteria of DA were recruited in dermatology department of Farhat Hached hospital (Sousse, Tunisia).Controls consisted of 30 patients with chronic dermatitis, randomly selected and matched for age and disease duration. For each patient, one sister, the closest in age, was recruited to constitute the siblings group.ResultCompared with controls, DA patients had lower educational level (p < 10-3), less occupational activity (p = 0.002) and were more often single (p < 10-3). They reported more medical care or prolonged hospitalization in childhood (p = 0.013), more psychiatric disorders (p = 0.006) and more suicide attempts (p = 0.001).Compared with their sisters, patients with DA had fewer professional activity (p < 103), and were more often single (p < 10-3). They also had more medical history or prolonged hospitalizations during childhood (p = 0.006), more psychiatric disorders (p = 0.002) and more suicide attempts (p = 0.001).ConclusionCompared to their sisters and to patients with other chronic skin disease, DA patients were more often single, less often professionally active and had more medical care during childhood, psychiatric history and suicide attempts.
Evaluation of depression scores in 150 women in reproductive age menstrual cycle
Authors: Fakhari A. , Pour Abolghasem S. , Afsar E. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionDepression is one of the prevalent mood disorders and it's the second debilitating disorder in the world. Female menstrual cycle is one of natural and psychological stage in fertility period and this cycle has different behavioral symptoms. In this study, changes in depression scores were studied during different phases of menstrual cycle.Material and methodsDuring a basic study, 150 fertile women were chosen and were evaluated by Beck and Hamilton Questionnaires during a menstrual cycle. Data were gathered and analyzed by SPSS software.ResultThirty four people were removed because of confounding factors. About 53.4% of them were single by the mean age of 22.10 years ( ± 4.67 SD), and 46.6% were married by the mean age of 34.65 years ( ± 7.51 SD). The mean score of Back questionnaire in the first phase was 11.49, in the second phase was 9.65, and in the third phase was 11.87. The score of Hamilton questionnaire in the first phase was 11.03, in the second phase was 9.45, and in third phase was 11.04, which there was significant differences in both of the tests.ConclusionDepression scores increase by reduction of hormone levels in days 2–3 and they classified as mild depression on average and during days 11–14. On the other hand, depression scores decreased by increment of hormone levels to maximum during ovulation days, as well as in days 23–26, depression scores increase by reduction of hormone levels and on average they classified as mild depression.
Prevalence of suicidal ideation and desire for death in a group of female muslim students one year after exposure to suicide bomb attack in Pakistan
Authors: Faruqui R. , Bashir A. , Taj R. , Khan A. , Yousaf F. , Waheed A. , Ayub Z. , Bibi A. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionPsychological distress and suicide are known to be associated with exposure to traumatic life events. No literature is available on prevalence of suicidal ideation in the aftermath of terrorist attacks in Pakistan.ObjectivesTo study suicidal ideation and desire for death in trauma exposed population in Pakistan.AimsTo estimate the prevalence of suicidal ideation and desire for death one year after exposure to extreme trauma in a well-defined and accessible group in Pakistan.MethodsSubjects were examined 1 year after exposure to a bomb blast in Islamabad, Pakistan. A semi-structured interview schedule and Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation were used to assess a group of female University students. Assessment record of 50 consecutive study participants were evaluated to estimate point prevalence of suicidal ideation and desire for death in the study population.ResultsAll subjects were enroled in full time university education at the time of assessment. 17 subjects (34%) presented with weak desire for death whilst 5 subjects (10%) presented with moderate to severe desire for death. 15 Subjects (30%) presented with active suicidal ideation at the time of assessment. However, ony 3 subjects (6%) presented with moderate to severe suicidal ideation. The subjects presenting with suicidal ideation described family ties, religious beliefs, fear of irreversible injury as protective factors against their suicidal thoughts. Only 2 subjects (4%) had engaged in some degree of planning towards committing suicide.ConclusionsThis study provides the first structured estimate of prevalence of suicidal ideation in trauma exposed population of Pakistan.
The effect of cognitive behavior therapy among a sample ofiranian women who smoked and were depressed in 2009–2010: An experimental study
Authors: Habil H. , Seghatoleslam T. 
Published: May 2011

AimThe aim of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) on the decrease of depression and the number of cigarettes smoked per day.MethodThis interventional study was carried out on 112 women (staff of a medical centre), 84 of whom were depressed and as current smokers, used on an average of 25 cigarettes per day. Some 78.6% of them were under psychiatric supervision for nine years. Finally, 28 smokers between the ages 25–55 were randomly selected and divided into two groups:1)experimental, and2)a control group.The survey instruments were:1)a questionnaire that contained personal, family, and smoking information, and2)The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).Participants received six (6) week session of CBT.ResultsMeasured the effect of CBT through a pre-test and two post-tests. These results showed that there were significant decreases in depression with a reduction in the number of cigarettes smoked per day.ConclusionThe results suggested that CBT provided some special benefits for women who smoke and suffer from depression.
Comparison of mental status in mothers and wives of addicted men, with mothers and wives of non-addicted men
Authors: Jamilian H. , Khansari M. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionSubstance abuse of main family member can affect other family members in some studies.AimsComparing the mental status of mothers and wives of addicted men, with mothers and wives of non-addicted men.MethodsIn a case-control study which performed in a recovery home in Arak-Iran, In 2009, 57 mothers and wives of addicted men, and 57 mothers and wives of non-addicted men were assessed by MMPI-2 questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using SPSS V17.ResultsThe mean scores of addicted men's mothers were significantly higher than non-addicted men's mothers in hypochondriasis, depression, psychopath deviation, paranoia, psychasthenia, schizoid, and F scales. On the other hand, the mean scores of addicted men's wives were significantly higher than non-addicted men's wives in hypochondriasis, psychopath deviation, paranoia, psychasthenia, schizoid, and F scales.ConclusionThere are severe psychiatric problems in mothers and wives of addicted men.
The comparison of mental health in fertile and infertile women
Authors: Jamilian H. , Jamilian M. , Doroodgar Hezaveh F. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionInfertility affects life of couples and family function. Infertility can cause mental disturbances in some studies.AimsThe goal of this study was the comparison of mental health in fertile and infertile women.MethodsA case-control study was done in Arak-Iran, Taleghani hospital which is a center of Gynecology, in 2010. 60 infertile women as case group and 60 fertile women as control group participated in the study, randomly. Both groups were assessed by GHQ questionnaire and data were analyzed by T-Test and logistic regression.ResultsThe severity of mental disturbances were much more in infertile women (P < 0.001). Social dysfunction (P < 0.001) and somatic complaints (P < 0.001) were also higher in infertile women. The probability of mental disturbances was much higher in infertile women (P < 0.001 and OR = 5.57).ConclusionMental health of infertile women is very critical and disturbed. The findings of our study necessitate the multidimensional interventions in the treatment of infertility.
Study of premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphorik disorder in Azerbaijan
Authors: Katibli S. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectivesThe study is aimed to investigate clinical and social aspects of premenstrual disorders in Azerbaijan.Methods180 women at the age 20–49 from general population have been included in the research. The study used the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool to assess severity of premenstrual symptoms. The women's quality of life was evaluated with QoLS (Quality of life Scale).ResultsThe most prevalent complaints included sleep disorders, fatigue, irritability and depressed mood. These symptoms affected work efficiency or productivity, relationships with co-workers, relationships with family members, social life activities, and home responsibilities. At the same time short-term presentation of these symptoms had limited impact on quality of life indicators attributed to long-term outcomes.ConclusionsThe activities on increasing awareness on premenstrual disorders are recommended as an important component of reproductive health program.
Therapeutic and psychopreventive approaches in rehabilitation of women with breast cancer
Authors: Kupriyanova I.E. 
Published: May 2011

Objective of investigationTo study structure of borderline neuro-mental disorders in women with breast cancer with subsequent development of therapeutic and psychopreventive activities.Material and methodsWe examined 102 women. At the first stage we have analyzed the role of constitutional-biological, social and psychogenic factors in formation and subsequent clinical dynamic of borderline neuro-mental disorders. Classification of psychiatric diagnosis was conducted according to ICD-10. During diagnosis we used the following diagnostic categories: for neurotic disorders (F41–48) and for personality disorders (F60). Results: Women with neurotic disorders reliably predominated, and namely - mixed anxiety and depressive reaction (F43.22). At stage I and II patients with pre-nosological disorder predominated (asthenic variant with predominance of mental fatigue) (22,73% and 24,14%, respectively), and at stage III - with dysthymic variant of pre-nosological disorder (18,18%). At stage II of breast cancer we have diagnosed mixed anxiety and depressive disorder (F41.2) (3,45%).ConclusionMedico-biological block included early diagnosis of revealed psychopathological disorders at pre-hospital stage; identification of profile of the personality and level of mental health during stay in hospital. Psychopharmacotherapeutic block consisted of individual therapeutic programs for women with various level of mental health. Social block based on organization of system of rehabilitation, including work with patients in the hospital, joint observation with cancer therapist for a half of the year, participation of patients in an open psychotherapeutic group.