bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The elastin network: its relationship with collagen and cells in articular cartilage as visualized by multiphoton microscopy
Authors: Mansfield Jessica , Yu Jing , Attenburrow Don , Moger Julian , Tirlapur Uday , Urban Jill , Cui Zhanfeng , Winlove Peter 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA combination of two‐photon fluorescence (TPF), second harmonic generation (SHG) and coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) imaging has been used to investigate the elastin fibre network in healthy equine articular cartilage from the metacarpophalangeal joint. The elastin fibres were identified using their intrinsic two‐photon fluorescence and immuno‐staining was used to confirm the identity of these fibres. SHG was used to reveal the collagen matrix and the collagen fibre orientations were determined from their SHG polarization sensitivity, while CARS was used to clearly delineate the cell boundaries. Extensive elastin fibre networks were found in all the joint regions investigated. The elastin was found predominantly in the superficial zone (upper 50 μm) and was aligned parallel to the articular surface. Elastin was also detected in the pericellular matrix surrounding the superficial chondrocytes; however, individual fibres could not be resolved in this region. Variations in the density and organization of the fibres were observed in different regions on the joint surface.
Gait analysis in elderly adult patients with mild cognitive impairment and patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease: simple versus dual task: a preliminary report
Authors: Maquet D. , Lekeu F. , Warzee E. , Gillain S. , Wojtasik V. , Salmon E. , Petermans J. , Croisier J. L. 
Published: October 2009

SummaryBackground/Aims: The aim of this study was to assess gait characteristics during simple and dual task in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and compare them with those of healthy elderly subjects and mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients.Methods: We proposed a gait analysis to appreciate walking (simple task and dual task) in 14 MCI, 14 controls and six AD subjects who walked at their preferred speed. A 20‐second period of stabilized walking was used to calculated stride frequency, stride length, symmetry and regularity. Speed walking was measured by electrical photocells.Results: Variables measured during simple and dual tasks showed an alteration of motor function as well in mild AD patients as in MCI patients.Conclusion: At the end of this preliminary study, we defined a specific gait pattern for each cognitive profile. Further researches appear necessary to enlarge the study cohort.
Prevalence of elevated alanine transaminase activity in dogs treated with CCNU (Lomustine)*
Authors: Hosoya K. , Lord L. K. , Lara‐Garcia A. , Kisseberth W. C. , London C. A. , Couto C. G. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate prevalence of serum alanine transaminase (ALT) elevation in dogs receiving lomustine (CCNU) and to analyse the pattern of occurrence and potential risk factors. Serum ALT activity in 109 dogs during single‐agent CCNU chemotherapy was retrospectively analysed. The median initial dose, dose‐intensity and cumulative dose of CCNU were 64 mg m−2, 21 mg m−2 week−1 and 171 mg m−2, respectively. The overall prevalence of major ALT elevation [> 5‐fold upper reference limit (URL)] was 29% (32/109) and developed most commonly after one to three doses of CCNU. These ALT elevations occurred without preceding mild ALT elevation in 53% (17/32) of the cases. Three dogs (2.8%) developed clinical hepatopathy. For severe ALT elevation (>10‐fold URL), age ≤5‐year‐old was associated with higher risk. The findings of this study showed that elevation of ALT is common during CCNU chemotherapy in dogs and severe elevation can develop on a sudden onset.
A Vascular Access Team Can Increase AV Fistula Creation in Pediatric ESRD Patients: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Chand Deepa H. , Bednarz Dale , Eagleton Matthew , Krajewski Leonard 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe National Kidney Foundation Dialysis Outcomes Quality Initiative (NKF‐DOQI) recommends the use of a permanent vascular access for pediatric hemodialysis (HD) patients; however, central venous catheters are the most common vascular access used among children. In children receiving HD, central venous catheters, while suboptimal, are the most common vascular access used. As such, it is imperative that pediatric HD providers optimize vascular access techniques. We report outcomes of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation by a single surgeon in pediatric HD patients dialyzed at a single center. We further describe our experience and outcomes with the use of the operating microscope in the United States in children receiving HD under 15 kg in weight and as young as 4 years of age. AVF usage rates as well as short‐ and long‐term patency rates can be quite high with proper management. We further illustrate that the Fistula First principles can be applied to the pediatric population in the setting of a single surgeon with single center experience. As such, we have surpassed the current NKF‐DOQI recommendation of 50% fistula use in prevalent HD patients.
Unique Characteristics of Emergency Care Research: Scope, Populations, and Infrastructure
Authors: Mark Courtney D. , Neumar Robert W. , Venkatesh Arjun K. , Kaji Amy H. , Cairns Charles B. , Lavonas Eric , Richardson Lynne D. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) program and the 2006 Institute of Medicine (IOM) Report on the future of emergency care highlight the need for coordinated emergency care research (ECR) to improve the outcomes of acutely ill or injured patients. In response, the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) and the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) sponsored the Emergency Care Research Network (ECRN) Conference in Washington, DC, on May 28, 2008. The conference objectives were to identify the unique nature of ECR and the infrastructure needed to support ECR networks and to understand the optimal role of emergency medicine (EM) and other acute care specialties in research networks. Prior to the conference, participants responded to questions addressing the relevant issues that would form the basis of breakout session discussions; two of these breakout questions are summarized in this report: 1) what makes EM research unique? and 2) what are the critical components needed to establish and maintain networked ECR? Emergency care research was defined as “the systematic examination of patient care that is expected to be continuously available to diverse populations presenting with undifferentiated symptoms of acute illness, or acutely decompensated chronic illness, and whose outcomes depend on timely diagnosis and treatment.” The chain of ECR may extend beyond the physical emergency department (ED) in both place and time and integrate prehospital care, as well as short‐ and long‐term outcome determination. ECR may extend beyond individual patients and have as the focus of investigation the actual system of emergency care delivery itself and its effects on the community with respect to access to care, use of resources, and cost. Infrastructure determinants of research network success identified by conference participants included multidisciplinary collaboration, accurate long‐term outcome determination, novel information technology, intellectual infrastructure, and wider network relationships that extend beyond the ED.
Salivary interleukin‐1β concentration and the presence of multiple pathogens in periodontitis
Authors: Gursoy Ulvi Kahraman , Könönen Eija , Uitto Veil‐Jukka , Pussinen Pirkko J. , Hyvärinen Kati , Suominen‐Taipale Liisa , Knuuttila Matti 
Published: October 2009

AbstractAim: This study aimed to find salivary enzymes and/or cytokines that would reflect periodontitis, alone or in combination with salivary microbial markers.Material and Methods: The salivary concentrations of elastase, lactate dehydrogenase, interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), interleukin‐6, and tumour necrosis factor‐α, and the presence of five periodontal pathogens, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola, were analysed from salivary specimens of 165 subjects, a subpopulation of Health 2000 Health Examination Survey in Finland; 84 of the subjects had probing pocket depth (PPD) of 4 mm at 14 or more teeth (the advanced periodontitis group), while 81 subjects had no teeth with PPD of 4 mm (the control group). All subjects had at least 20 teeth and no systemic diseases.Results: Among the salivary cytokines and enzymes tested, IL‐1β was the only biomarker associated with periodontitis. An association was also found with the presence of multiple periodontal pathogens. Salivary IL‐1β and the presence of multiple periodontal pathogens were associated with periodontitis at the same magnitude, when they were in the logistic regression model individually or together.Conclusion: We suggest that salivary IL‐1β and the presence of multiple periodontal pathogens in saliva should be studied more thoroughly as markers of periodontitis.
Increased levels of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in subjects with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis
Authors: Li Xiao , Tse Hung Fat , Yiu Kai Hang , Jia Na , Chen Hua , Li Leonard Sheung Wai , Jin Lijian 
Published: October 2009

AbstractAim: Emerging evidence shows that periodontal disease is associated with endothelial dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between chronic periodontitis (CP) and circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPC).Materials and Methods: Eighty‐six non‐smoking subjects (36 males and 50 females, aged 35–80 years) were recruited, including 23 subjects with no or mild CP and 63 subjects with moderate to severe CP. The levels of circulating EPC were quantitatively determined by fluorescence‐activated cell analysis, including CD34+/kinase insert domain‐containing receptor (KDR)+ (more mature EPC) and CD133+/KDR+ (less mature EPC). Periodontal conditions, the intima–media thickness of carotid arteries and circulating biomarkers were examined.Results: Subjects with moderate to severe CP exhibited an increased risk of high EPC count, compared with those with no or mild CP: CD34+/KDR+ EPC [odds ratio (OR)=9.5, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.5–61.0, p=0.018; CD133+/KDR+ EPC, OR=4.6, 95% CI 1.1–19.5, p=0.039]. C‐reactive protein was significantly associated with high CD34+/KDR+ EPC count and age was inversely related with high EPC count. Age, gender and CD34+/KDR+ EPC were independent variables of increased carotid intima–media thickness (p<0.05).Conclusion: This study shows for the first time that moderate to severe CP is associated with an increased level of circulating EPC.
Responses of a specialist and a generalist seed predator to variation in their common resource
Authors: Östergård Hannah , Hambäck Peter A. , Ehrlén Johan 
Published: October 2009

Fluctuations of resources in time and space will influence not only species abundance but also interactions among species. For plant–consumer interactions, the effects of resource variation have mostly been studied in systems with high resource variability. Systems with moderate variations are less studied, although ecological and evolutionary dynamics of plants and consumers are likely to be affected also by less extreme variability. The effects of variation in a particular resource should depend on consumer diet width.We examined how spatial and temporal variation in seed production in the perennial herbLathyrus vernusinfluenced population dynamics and resource utilization in two beetle pre‐dispersal seed predators with different host ranges over six years. The monophagousApion opeticumoccupied fewer patches and had lower densities than the oligophagousBruchus atomarius. The proportion of seeds attacked increased with increases in seed production between years for both seed predators. A possible explanation for these patterns is that population dynamics of beetles are driven largely by local factors and that the same factors influence both beetle performance and seed production. InB. atomarius, patterns may also be influenced by a more pronounced preference forL. vernusin years with a high seed production inL. vernus. We conclude that relatively modest variation in seed production may result in responses that differ in both direction and extent from those usually observed in systems with high variation in seed production.
Posttraumatic stress disorder and community violence: An update for nurse practitioners
Authors: Blizzard Sarah J. , Kemppainen Jeanne , Taylor Julie 
Published: October 2009

AbstractPurpose: An update on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and community violence for nurse practitioners (NPs) and other healthcare providers is required.Data Sources: A review of current literature on PTSD related to community violence is presented as well as an overview of PTSD disorders.Conclusions: Violence takes place in our communities and in our larger social world every day. In the face of increasing disasters and violent events, there is growing concern over the overall impact of violence on mental health. PTSD, a type of anxiety disorder, may develop as a result of exposure to these events.Implications for Practice: NPs have an important role to play in recognizing and treating PTSD symptoms in persons following exposure to a severe psychological trauma.
Role of orexins in the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐ovarian relationships
Authors: Silveyra P. , Cataldi N. I. , Lux‐Lantos V. A. , Libertun C. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractAppropriate nutritional and vigilance states are needed for reproduction. In previous works, we described the influence of the hormonal milieu of proestrus on the orexinergic system and we found that orexin receptor 1 expression in the hypothalamus, but not other neural areas, and the adenohypophysis was under the influence of oestradiol and the time of the day. Information from the sexual hormonal milieu of proestrous afternoon impacts on various components of the orexinergic system and alertness on this particular night of proestrus would be of importance for successful reproduction. In this review, we summarize the available experimental data supporting the participation of orexins in the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐ovarian relationships. All together, these results suggest a role of the orexinergic system as an integrative link among vital functions such as reproduction, food intake, alertness and the inner biological clock.
Psychosocial group rehabilitation for lonely older people: favourable processes and mediating factors of the intervention leading to alleviated loneliness
Authors: Savikko Niina , Routasalo Pirkko , Tilvis Reijo , Pitkälä Kaisu 
Published: October 2009

savikko n., routasalo p., tilvis r. & pitkälä k. (2009) Psychosocial group rehabilitation for lonely older people: favourable processes and mediating factors of the intervention leading to alleviated loneliness. International Journal of Older People Nursing 5, 16–24 doi: 10.1111/j.1748‐3743.2009.00191.xBackground.  Loneliness among community‐dwelling older people is a common problem, with serious health consequences.Objectives.  The favourable processes and mediating factors of a psychosocial group rehabilitation intervention in alleviating older people’s loneliness were evaluated.Design.  Altogether, 117 lonely, home‐dwelling individuals (aged ≥ 75 years) participated in a psychosocial group rehabilitation intervention. The content comprised (i) art and inspiring activities, (ii) group exercise and discussions or (iii) therapeutic writing and group therapy.Methods.  The psychosocial group rehabilitation intervention was evaluated from the group leaders’ diaries and by observing the groups. Experiences of loneliness and social participation were collected by postintervention questionnaires from the participants. Data were analysed using methodological triangulation.Results.  Doing things together and sharing experiences with their peers inspired lively discussions, created a feeling of togetherness and led to participants’ empowerment and increased self‐esteem. The intervention socially activated the participants, and their feelings of loneliness had been alleviated during the intervention.Conclusion.  Several common favourable processes and mediating factors were identified in the psychosocial group rehabilitation intervention that led to alleviation of loneliness among older people.Relevance to clinical practice.  The psychosocial group rehabilitation intervention gives nurses an effective tool to support older people’s psychosocial resources by activating them and alleviating their loneliness.
Effect of surgical technique on radiographic fusion of the anconeus in the treatment of ununited anconeal process
Authors: Pettitt R. A. , Tattersall J. , Gemmill T. , Butterworth S. J. , O’Neill T. J. , Langley‐Hobbs S. J. , Comerford E. J. , Innes J. F. 
Published: October 2009

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine if internal fixation of the anconeus combined with a proximal ulnar osteotomy was more likely to result in fusion of the anconeus to the ulna compared with a proximal ulnar osteotomy alone. Methods: A total of 12 orthopaedic referral clinics reviewed their clinical databases for cases of ununited anconeal process. Demographic and clinical parameters were collected along with radiographic follow‐up at a minimum of four weeks. Cases treated with proximal ulnar osteotomy alone were compared with those treated with proximal ulnar osteotomy + internal fixation. Both groups were compared for background and disease variables. We tested for an association between treatment method and whether radiographic anconeal union had occurred. Results: A total of 47 elbows (44 dogs) were identified. Of these, 28 cases (average age 7·6 months) were treated with proximal ulnar osteotomy (of which eight were stabilised with an intramedullary pin) alone. Nineteen cases (average age 7·1 months) were treated with proximal ulnar osteotomy + internal fixation. The two groups were not significantly different in age (P=0·638, Mann‐Whitney U test). Fourteen of 28 cases with proximal ulnar osteotomy alone displayed anconeal union at follow‐up compared with 16 of 19 cases of proximal ulnar osteotomy + internal fixation, and this difference was statistically significant (P=0·029, Fisher's exact test). Clinical Significance: These data suggest that use of a lag screw to stabilise and compress the ununited anconeal process in addition to proximal ulnar osteotomy produces a better radiographic outcome. It is argued that radiographic union of the anconeus is likely to be associated with better long‐term clinical outcome but further studies are required to confirm this.
Effects of Varying Dietary Protein Levels and Feeding Frequencies on Condition and Reproductive Performance of Channel Catfish to Produce Hybrid Catfish
Authors: Quintero Herbert E. , Hutson Alison , Chaimongkol Atra , Davis Allen , Dunham Rex , Abebe Asheber 
Published: October 2009

Abstract The interspecific hybridization of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, females with blue catfish, I. furcatus, males has been identified as a method to further improve production; however, lack of spawning success has affected its commercial application. To facilitate our understanding of the interaction of brood stock nutrition and reproductive performance, we evaluated the interaction of feed quality and feeding frequency. Channel catfish females were classified into two genetic groups, namely, high and low spawning. The treatments were offered during the spring season 70–90 d prior to the start of the spawning season. Induced reproduction was performed using luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analog. Condition of the fish as well as reproductive performance using spawning success, egg production, egg size, and fertilization at 48 h were determined. Changing protein level of the diet from 32 to 42% did not influence spawning, fecundity, or fertilization, but affected egg size and biochemical composition of the eggs. Increasing the feeding frequency from three to six times per week negatively affected spawning in one of the two genetics groups, did not affect egg production and egg fertilization, but had a significant effect on egg size. Older fish performed better than younger fish in terms of spawning success and egg production.
Cultivation of the Paracalanid Copepod, Bestiolina similis (Calanoida: Crustacea)
Authors: VanderLugt Kyle , Cooney Michael J. , Lechner Anna , Lenz Petra H. 
Published: October 2009

Abstract First feed production continues to be a major barrier to the cultivation of many fish species. Although copepod nauplii are a suitable food, consistency and high production have been difficult. Temporal changes in production in batch cultures of the calanoid copepod, Bestiolina similis, were investigated to develop management strategies for the use of copepod nauplii as a live food. Population abundances and female egg production rates were measured, and recruitment and mortality rates were calculated. Relative expression levels of a molecular biomarker for stress, heat shock protein hsp70, were determined using real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The population cycle included a period of rapid increase in abundances, followed by a steep decline and a period of stable but low population densities. Initially, egg production exceeded 25 eggs per female per day and low mortality rates prevailed. The population decline was preceded by upregulation of hsp70 and followed by an 80–90% decline in female fecundity and an increase in mortality rates. Egg production rates remained below four eggs per female per day even after new generations of females reached adulthood. The predictable population cycle provides opportunities to coordinate nauplius production rates with first feed needs of fish larvae.
Comparison of Lateral Flow Technology and Galactomannan and (1→3)-β-
d
-Glucan Assays for Detection of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis
Authors: Wiederhold Nathan P. , Thornton Christopher R. , Najvar Laura K. , Kirkpatrick William R. , Bocanegra Rosie , Patterson Thomas F. 
Published: October 2009

ABSTRACT

We compared a lateral flow device to galactomannan and (1→3)-β-
d
-glucan assays to detect invasive aspergillosis in an established guinea pig model of pulmonary disease. The lateral flow device became positive earlier (day 3) than the (1→3)-β-
d
-glucan and galactomannan assays (day 5), with all samples positive by each assay on day 7.