bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
regSNPs: a strategy for prioritizing regulatory single nucleotide substitutions
Authors: Teng Mingxiang , Ichikawa Shoji , Padgett Leah R. , Wang Yadong , Mort Matthew , Cooper David N. , Koller Daniel L. , Foroud Tatiana , Edenberg Howard J. , Econs Michael J. , Liu Yunlong 
Published: May 2012

AbstractMotivation: One of the fundamental questions in genetics study is to identify functional DNA variants that are responsible to a disease or phenotype of interest. Results from large-scale genetics studies, such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and the availability of high-throughput sequencing technologies provide opportunities in identifying causal variants. Despite the technical advances, informatics methodologies need to be developed to prioritize thousands of variants for potential causative effects.Results: We present regSNPs, an informatics strategy that integrates several established bioinformatics tools, for prioritizing regulatory SNPs, i.e. the SNPs in the promoter regions that potentially affect phenotype through changing transcription of downstream genes. Comparing to existing tools, regSNPs has two distinct features. It considers degenerative features of binding motifs by calculating the differences on the binding affinity caused by the candidate variants and integrates potential phenotypic effects of various transcription factors. When tested by using the disease-causing variants documented in the Human Gene Mutation Database, regSNPs showed mixed performance on various diseases. regSNPs predicted three SNPs that can potentially affect bone density in a region detected in an earlier linkage study. Potential effects of one of the variants were validated using luciferase reporter assay.Contact: yunliu@iupui.eduSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online
Eplerenone and new‐onset diabetes in patients with mild heart failure: results from the Eplerenone in Mild Patients Hospitalization and Survival Study in Heart Failure (EMPHASIS‐HF)
Authors: Preiss David , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , Sattar Naveed , Krum Henry , Swedberg Karl , Shi Harry , Vincent John , Pocock Stuart J. , Pitt Bertram , Zannad Faiez , McMurray John J.V. 
Published: May 2012

AimsNo studies have examined the effect of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist therapy on new‐onset diabetes. In addition, though the combination of diabetes and chronic heart failure (CHF) carries a poor prognosis, few studies have examined predictors of new‐onset diabetes in those with CHF.Methods and resultsIn patients with symptomatically mild CHF who participated in the placebo‐controlled Eplerenone in Mild Patients Hospitalization and Survival Study in Heart Failure, we examined the effect of the aldosterone antagonist, eplerenone, on physician‐diagnosed diabetes using univariate Cox proportional hazard analysis. To identify predictors of new‐onset diabetes (measures of glycaemia were not available), data from trial arms were combined and multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were conducted. At baseline, the mean age of 1846 initially non‐diabetic patients was 69 years and mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 26%. Over 21 months, 69 (3.7%) developed diabetes (33 on eplerenone, 36 on placebo). Eplerenone had no effect on new‐onset diabetes [hazard ratio (HR) 0.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.59–1.52] and no effect on the composite of new‐onset diabetes or mortality (HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.64–1.01). Independent predictors of new‐onset diabetes included digoxin therapy, higher serum alanine aminotransferase, longer duration of heart failure, current or previous smoker, higher waist circumference, lower age, and higher systolic blood pressure with a combined c‐statistic of 0.74.ConclusionsEplerenone had no effect on new‐onset diabetes in patients with CHF, but further large‐scale studies are required to address this question comprehensively. Commonly recorded parameters provided useful information for predicting new‐onset diabetes.
Ecosystem structure in the Iceland Sea and recent changes to the capelin (Mallotus villosus) population
Authors: Pálsson Ólafur K. , Gislason Astthor , Guðfinnsson Hafsteinn G. , Gunnarsson Björn , Ólafsdóttir Sólveig R. , Petursdottir Hildur , Sveinbjörnsson Sveinn , Thorisson Konrad , Valdimarsson Héðinn 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Pálsson, Ó. K., Gislason, A., Guðfinnsson, H. G., Gunnarsson, B., Ólafsdóttir, S. R., Petursdottir, H., Sveinbjörnsson, S., Thorisson, K., and Valdimarsson, H. 2012. Ecosystem structure in the Iceland Sea and recent changes to the capelin (Mallotus villosus) population. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: . The objective of the Iceland Sea Ecosystem Project was to analyse principal ecosystem patterns, including the life history of capelin. Ten surveys were conducted for this purpose between 2006 and 2008, and hydrographic data from 1970 to 2011 were analysed. Long-term temporal patterns indicate an increase in the temperature of surface and intermediate waters during recent years in the Iceland Sea. The phytoplankton consisted mainly of diatoms in spring, with flagellates and dinoflagellates appearing later in the year. Zooplankton and fish were dominated by a few species. In late summer, the pelagic foodweb ranged between trophic levels 2.4 and 3.6. Trends in nutrients and primary production showed a clear seasonal pattern with a spring bloom in late May, followed by a peak in secondary production in July/August. The spatial structure of the lower ecosystem levels in summer was stable across the 3 years, determined mainly by the structure of the water masses. The pelagic fish fauna consisted primarily of adult pelagic fish and transient numbers of larval species. The spatial pattern of capelin indicated northward displacement of 0-group capelin and westward displacement of older capelin in recent years. The annual biomass was estimated at 3.8 million tonnes of phytoplankton, ∼21 million tonnes of zooplankton, and 1.0 million tonnes of fish.
The Porcupine Abyssal Plain fixed-point sustained observatory (PAP-SO): variations and trends from the Northeast Atlantic fixed-point time-series
Authors: Hartman Susan E. , Lampitt Richard S. , Larkin Kate E. , Pagnani Maureen , Campbell Jon , Gkritzalis Thanos , Jiang Zong-Pei , Pebody Corinne A. , Ruhl Henry A. , Gooday Andrew J. , Bett Brian J. , Billett David S. M. , Provost Paul , McLachlan Rob , Turton Jon D. , Lankester Steven 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Hartman, S. E., Lampitt, R. S., Larkin, K. E., Pagnani, M., Campbell, J., Gkritzalis, T., Jiang, Z.-P., Pebody, C. A., Ruhl, H. A., Gooday, A. J., Bett, B. J., Billett, D. S. M., Provost, P., McLachlan, R., Turton, J. D., and Lankester, S. 2012. The Porcupine Abyssal Plain fixed-point sustained observatory (PAP-SO): variations and trends from the Northeast Atlantic fixed-point time-series. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 776–783. The Porcupine Abyssal Plain sustained observatory (PAP-SO) in the Northeast Atlantic (49°N 16.5°W; 4800 m) is the longest running open-ocean multidisciplinary observatory in the oceans around Europe. The site has produced high-resolution datasets integrating environmental and ecologically relevant variables from the surface to the seabed for >20 years. Since 2002, a full-depth mooring has been in place with autonomous sensors measuring temperature, salinity, chlorophyll-a fluorescence, nitrate, and pCO2. These complement ongoing mesopelagic and seabed observations on downward particle flux and benthic ecosystem structure and function. With national and European funding, the observatory infrastructure has been advanced steadily, with the latest development in 2010 involving collaboration between the UK's Meteorological Office and Natural Environment Research Council. This resulted in the first simultaneous atmospheric and ocean datasets at the site. All PAP-SO datasets are open access in near real time through websites and as quality-controlled datasets for a range of remote users using ftp sites and uploaded daily to MyOcean and the global telecommunications system for use in modelling activities. The combined datasets capture short-term variation (daily–seasonal), longer term trends (climate-driven), and episodic events (e.g. spring-bloom events), and the data contribute to the Europe-wide move towards good environmental status of our seas, driven by the EU's Marine Strategy Framework Directive (http://ec.europa.eu/environment/water/marine).
RDS‐SUMO: from lofting to physics‐based grids
Authors: Zhang Mengmeng , Rizzi Arthur 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe goal for this paper is to bring the easy‐to‐use geometry drawing software RDS to a “solid” mesh, which could be analyzed and simulated in CEASIOM, to enhance both CEASIOM and RDS's capabilities.Design/methodology/approachThe RDS‐SUMO interface is developed based on the feature that both RDS and SUMO define their geometric model using cross‐sectional information, i.e. their “universe” shapes are close to each other.FindingsThe translation is automated and allows the engineer to easily modify and augment the geometry in the process. Two test cases are shown, with their high quality Euler mesh and CFD computations. The A321‐look‐alike test case tests the mesh quality for transonic aerodynamics, such as high‐speed trim and drag divergence; the twin‐prop asymmetric aircraft is a “diffi+cult” non‐conventional configuration analyzed for yaw stability in one‐engine out mode.Practical implicationsThis paper shows that the CFD solutions based on solid grids could be obtained once the design is proposed and the RDS wire‐frame model is available. The aerodynamic properties can then be predicted in early design stage, which is very efficient for preliminary aircraft design.Originality/valueThis fast meshing tool could obtain “working” grids of a new design within hours.
Development and validation of on‐board systems control laws
Authors: Medici Giovanni , Viola Nicole , Corpino Sabrina , Fioriti Marco 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the tool and procedure developed in order to design the control laws of several UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) sub‐systems. The authors designed and developed the logics governing: landing gear, nose wheel steering, wheel braking, and fuel system.Design/methodology/approachThis procedure is based on a general purpose, object‐oriented, simulation tool. The development method used is based on three‐steps. The main structure of the control laws is defined through flow charts; then the logics are ported to ANSI‐C programming language; finally the code is implemented inside the status model. The status model is a Matlab‐Simulink model, which uses an embedded Matlab‐function to model the FCC (Flight Control Computer). The core block is linked with the components, but cannot access their internal model. Interfaces between FCCs and system components in the model reflect real system ones.FindingsThe user verifies systems' reactions in real time, through the status model. Using block‐oriented approach, development of the control laws and integration of several systems is faster.Practical implicationsThe tool aims to test and validate the control laws dynamically, helping specialists to find out odd logics or undesired responses, during the pre‐design.Originality/valueThe development team can test and verify the control laws in various failure scenarios. This tool allows more reliable and effective logics to be produced, which can be directly used on the system.
Aircraft design using a variable density model
Authors: Komarov Valeriy A. , Boldyrev Andrey V. , Kuznetsov Anton S. , Lapteva Marina Yu. 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present an overview of the aircraft design problems which can be efficiently solved using a special solid finite‐element model of variable density.Design/methodology/approachOptimization algorithms based on fully‐stressed design philosophy, sensitivity coefficients, and employing material density as a design variable provide means to generate optimal topology layouts, subject to a wide range of design constraints. A novel non‐dimensional criterion is used for assessment of load‐carrying efficiency of structures and knowledge accumulation.FindingsVariable density model, together with non‐dimensional criterion of structural efficiency, yields a new versatile approach to a structural weight estimation at early design stages. New weight equations are used. The approach is a powerful tool for addressing complex multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) problems such as aerodynamic load prediction taking aeroelastic deformations into account and aerodynamic‐structural design optimization of unconventional aircraft configurations.Research limitations/implicationsFor accurate estimation of wing weight and deflections, the method should be tuned by regression analysis of existing aircraft to properly account for secondary structural weight.Practical implicationsThe developed software tools for aeroelastic behaviour prediction and coupled aerodynamic‐structural design optimization are ready for integration into the complex MDO framework.Originality/valueThe variable density model is shown to have broad predictive opportunities for design problems at early stages of a product development.
Significance of modifications for development of passenger airplanes
Authors: Zhuravlev Pavel , Zhuravlev Vladimir 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the design experience of creation of passenger airplane families. Methods of taking into account future modifications for family creation during the design of the basic airplane are proposed.Design/methodology/approachTrend analysis of airplane data was based on available statistics and previous research results by using a systematic approach. Proposed methods are based on practical experience and aircraft design theory.FindingsThe paper provides the results of analysis of creation of passenger airplane families. It suggests that reserves should be allocated during design of the first family member to ensure successful creation of other members. A method based on aircraft fleet optimization is suggested for determining these reserves.Research limitations/implicationsThe field of research connected to aircraft fleet creation methods still remains largely unexplored. The paper presents a systematic general concept, which the researchers are encouraged to develop further (e.g. for aircraft of different types and purpose than presented in the paper).Practical implicationsThe paper proposes transferring from “point optimization” of aircraft during early design stages to inclusion of reserves into the project, which would be used for aircraft family creation.Originality/valueThe paper studies the problem of taking into account the necessity for airplane family creation during the early stages of airplane design and offers an approach to its solution. It could be of interest to aircraft design specialists.
Diesel engine application on AEW&C turboprop effectiveness‐cost assessment
Authors: Di Meo Giovanni Antonio , Chiesa Sergio , Fioriti Marco , Viola Nicole 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to perform a technical and economical analysis on the conversion of a regional turboprop platform for Airborne Early Warning and Control (AEW&C) missions by supposing installation of supplementary diesel turbo‐charged engines.Design/methodology/approachThe problem has been approached by considering all issues related to conversion to AEW&C platform. Class II methods have been used for weight and drag estimations. Flight performances have been evaluated by using standard equations of flight mechanics. Costs have been evaluated by using a model developed by the authors.FindingsAs far as performances are concerned, it is possible to increase aircraft service ceiling of about 4,400 ft by installing auxiliary diesel engines in separate wing‐nacelles. The low specific fuel consumption (SFC) of diesel engines balances the reduction of mission endurance caused by the aerodynamic drag increment (i.e. additional drag of AEW radar antenna and new nacelles). The proposed solution is shown to have the best Effectiveness‐Cost performance in comparison with other AEW&C aircraft‐systems.Practical implicationsTo convert regional turboprops to AEW&C platform by employing turbocharged diesel engines could be an interesting future perspective for aerospace companies interested in creating a new AEW&C market segment.Originality/valueThe proposed solution gives the possibility to reduce operating costs in the AEW&C mission field. The issue is actual due to typical high operating costs of AEW&C missions.
Co‐innovation: convergenomics, collaboration, and co‐creation for organizational values
Authors: Lee Sang M. , Olson David L. , Trimi Silvana 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to present a macro view of the evolution of innovation for value creation, from the closed to collaborative, open, and now co‐innovation. It reviews several mega trends that have dramatically changed the dynamic nature of the global market place and also several new forces that have made innovation imperative for organizational value creation.Design/methodology/approachThe paper provides a conceptual overview of co‐innovation through some of its basic elements such as convergence revolution, collaboration, and co‐creation with stakeholders.FindingsCo‐innovation is a new innovation paradigm where new ideas and approaches from various internal and external sources are integrated in a platform to generate new organizational and shared values. The core of co‐innovation includes engagement, co‐creation, and compelling experience for value creation. Thus, the practices of co‐innovative organizations are difficult to imitate by competition.Practical implicationsInnovation is imperative for organizational survival in today's turbulent global market. This conceptual paper presents many real‐world examples of co‐innovative firms' strategies that can provide new insights for follower organizations.Social implicationsInnovation is a universal strategy for every organization, be it a firm, non‐profit organization, or even a government agency. The new innovation approaches suggested in the paper can contribute to social reforms such as creating shared value for all stakeholders.Originality/valueThis is an original paper that presents a broad‐stroke direction and vision for new organizational strategies for innovation.
Re‐examining green purchase behaviour and the green consumer profile: new evidences
Authors: Akehurst Gary , Afonso Carolina , Martins Gonçalves Helena 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThis paper aims to re‐examine the determinants of ecologically conscious consumer behaviour (ECCB) by analysing the green consumer profile (socio‐demographic and psychographic variables), building on the work of Straughan and Roberts. Moreover, the study explores the determinants of effective green purchase behaviour (GPB) considering ECCB and green purchase intention (GPI) previously evaluated.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a quantitative study based on an online survey. Data collection was implemented in two different phases: in the first phase ECCB, GPI and profiling variables were measured. One month later, the same respondents evaluated their effective GPB. Through path analysis the effects of ECCB and GPI on GPB were measured.FindingsThe results show that psychographic variables, with emphasis on perceived consumer effectiveness (PCE) and altruism, are more relevant than socio‐demographics in explaining ECCB. The consumers with higher ECCB have shown higher green purchase intention (GPI). ECCB has a positive impact on GBP, higher than GPI, which in turn mediates that relationship.Research limitations/implicationsThe research results may lack generalizability. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the proposed propositions further.Practical implicationsThe paper provides evidence that whenever ecological consciousness is high, the gap between GPI and GPB is less evident, which provides clear evidence that an understanding of green consumer profiles and behaviour can enable organizations to respond better to new management challenges.Originality/valueThis paper provides a comprehensive understanding about the green consumer profile and behaviour, including the effect of GPI on GPB, and which contribute to the coordination of future marketing strategies to target this segment.
Effects of an intervention in the workplace food environment
Authors: Mendes Gorgulho Bartira , Nogueira Previdelli Agatha , Lobo Marchioni Dirce Maria 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effects of an intervention to reduce the energy density of meals in the workplace food environment.Design/methodology/approachThis study was conducted on a cosmetics manufacturer that employed 243 people, and was divided into three phases: diagnostic evaluation; development and testing of modifications to the energy density of the preparations; and evaluation of the results obtained. To evaluate the menus, the Meal Quality Index was used. This index consists of five components ranging from 0 to 20 points: “Adequacy of availability of vegetable and fruit”, “Carbohydrate availability”, “Total fat availability”, “Saturated fat availability” and “Menu variability”. The Kruskal‐Wallis test was used to evaluate differences in phases 1 and 3.FindingsThe classification, according to the scores for the Meal Quality Index, showed that there was an improvement in the menus, with a decrease in inadequate menus from 31 per cent to 5 per cent and in menus needing improvement from 44 per cent to 29 per cent.Originality/valueChanges that are relatively simple to implement and reproduce regarding meal production may contribute towards controlling the obesity epidemic, through discouraging the obesogenic environment, especially among captive healthy customers such as workers who use the food services in their workplaces.
Healthy diets for preventing or delaying bone loss during adulthood
Authors: Anderson John J.B. 
Published: May 2012

PurposeHealthy diets need to be coupled with an active lifestyle and other healthy behaviors to achieve and maintain bone health across the life cycle. The purpose of this paper is to focus on several nutrients that aid skeletal development in early life and help promote healthy bone and prevent or delay osteoporosis in late life in both males and females.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is a brief review of recent findings linking diet and bone health.FindingsSkeletons of both females and males benefit from reasonably sufficient intakes of calcium, phosphate, vitamin D, and other bone‐related nutrients and phytochemicals, but excessive amounts, especially via supplements, may not help bone and they may even have adverse effects, such as promoting arterial calcification.Research limitations/implicationsTrials are needed to establish with certainty that calcium intakes beyond the recommended intakes do not protect against hip and vertebral fractures and may contribute to arterial calcification.Originality/valueMaintaining bone health, especially late in life, helps prevent or delay hip fractures, devastating events that are life threatening, especially in women, but excessive calcium may not be healthful.