bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Back to basics: Informing the public of co-morbid physical health problems in those with mental illness
Authors: Ahire Mrinalini , Sheridan Judith , Regbetz Shane , Stacey Phillip , Scott James G 
Published: June 2012

Objective: Those with mental illness are at increased risk of physical health problems. The current study aimed to examine the information available online to the Australian public about the increased risk and consequences of physical illness in those with mental health problems and the services available to address these co-morbidities. Methods: A structured online search was conducted with the search engine Google Australia ( www.google.com.au ) using generic search terms ‘mental health information Australia’, ‘mental illness information Australia’, ‘depression’, ‘anxiety’, and ‘psychosis’. The direct content of websites was examined for information on the physical co-morbidities of mental illness. All external links on high-profile websites [the first five websites retrieved under each search term ( n = 25)] were examined for information pertaining to physical health. Results: Only 4.2% of websites informing the public about mental health contained direct content information about the increased risk of physical co-morbidities. The Australian Government’s Department of Health and Ageing site did not contain any information. Of the high-profile websites, 62% had external links to resources about physical health and 55% had recommendations or resources for physical health. Most recommendations were generic. Conclusions: Relative to the seriousness of this problem, there is a paucity of information available to the public about the increased physical health risks associated with mental illness. Improved public awareness is the starting point of addressing this health inequity.
A Systematic Review of the Endoscopic Repair of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks
Authors: Psaltis Alkis J. , Schlosser Rodney J. , Banks Caroline A. , Yawn James , Soler Zachary M. 
Published: June 2012

ObjectivesTo provide an up‐to‐date review of the literature on the safety and efficacy of the endoscopic technique for cerebrospinal (CSF) leak repairs.Data SourcesPubMed, Medline/Old Medline, and Cochrane Central databases.Review MethodsUsing the above outlined data sources, studies involving the endoscopic repair of CSF leaks were reviewed independently by 2 researchers. Studies included met the following criteria: full‐text article written in the English language, at least 5 human patients undergoing purely endoscopic surgical repair of a CSF leak, and documented follow‐up. Data extracted included leak etiology, presentation and location, the use of imaging, intrathecal fluorescein, and adjunctive measures as well as the success rate of the repair.ResultsFifty‐five studies, involving 1778 fistulae repairs, were included for analysis. Spontaneous leaks were most prevalent, with the ethmoid roof and sphenoid the most common sites involved. The overall success rate of repair was high at 90% for primary and 97% for secondary repairs. A low complication rate of less than 0.03% was reported.ConclusionThe endoscopic repair of CSF fistula is both safe and effective and should be considered the standard of care for most cases. Evidence supporting adjunctive measures such as lumbar drains and antibiotics remains limited despite their common use.
‘It makes me feel that I’m still relevant’: A qualitative study of the views of nursing home residents on dignity therapy and taking part in a phase II randomised controlled trial of a palliative care psychotherapy
Authors: Hall Sue , Goddard Cassie , Speck Peter , Higginson Irene J 
Published: June 2012

Background: Trials of dignity therapy (a palliative care psychotherapy) have shown self-reported benefits for participants from taking part, although more so in intervention than control groups. However, the sources of these benefits are unknown. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore and compare participants’ views on taking part in a mixed methods phase II randomised controlled trial of dignity therapy. Design: This was a qualitative study, using the framework approach to the analysis. Setting/participants: It involved residents, aged 65+, with no major cognitive impairment, living in one of 15 nursing/care homes in London, UK (49 residents at 1-week follow-up, 36 residents at 8-week follow-up). Results: Residents’ views were represented in nine themes, and three of these themes were evident only in the intervention group: views on the generativity document; generativity; and reminiscence. Six themes were evident in both groups: refocusing; making a contribution; interaction with the researcher or therapist; diversion; not helping with their problems; and cognitive impairment. Our findings support some of the proposed mechanisms of action for this palliative care intervention (pride, hopefulness, care tenor) but also draw attention to some of the potential problems of delivering the intervention. We show how residents could benefit from taking part in research, regardless of whether or not they receive the intended intervention. Conclusions: Dignity therapy is likely to be beneficial to some care home residents, albeit the small minority who have the desire and the capacity to engage in such an intervention. Whether or not dignity therapy helps distressed residents, and the most effective way of screening for those who might benefit from it, need to be determined.
Measuring monetary policy expectations
Authors: Murik Vijay A 
Published: June 2012

We evaluate the accuracy of the fixed-income market in pricing for future movements in monetary policy. Yields implied by market pricing on various fixed-income securities are regressed on returns on the cash rate over corresponding periods. Where the market pricing is subject to risk premia, instrumental variables are used to strip away the effects of the risk premia as if they were measurement errors. When we apply our framework to Australian fixed-income pricing from 2004 to 2010, we find that, consistent with findings in the extant literature, the market is quite effective in forecasting cash rate movements over horizons of up to six months. Beyond that horizon, the presence of risk premia diminishes to a large extent the signal on expectations in market pricing, but our instrumental variables framework suggests, nonetheless, that there is important information in fixed-income market pricing regarding expected cash rate movements over the one to three-year horizon. JEL Classification: E43, G12
The In Vivo Performance of Osteochondral Allografts in the Goat Is Diminished With Extended Storage and Decreased Cartilage Cellularity
Authors: Pallante Andrea L. , Chen Albert C. , Ball Scott T. , Amiel David , Masuda Koichi , Sah Robert L. , Bugbee William D. 
Published: June 2012

Background: Currently, osteochondral allografts (OCA) are typically used after 4°C storage for prolonged durations (15-43 days), which compromises chondrocyte viability, especially at the articular surface. The long-term in vivo performance of these fresh-stored allografts, in association with variable cellularity, is unknown. Purpose: To determine the effect of 4°C storage duration (14, 28 days) versus the best (fresh) and worst (frozen) conditions of chondrocyte viability on structure, composition, and function of cartilage in the goat and the association of retrieved chondrocyte cellularity with those tissue properties. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: The effect of allograft storage on in vivo repair outcomes was determined for OCA transplanted into 15 recipient goats and analyzed at 12 months. Repair outcomes were assessed by examining cartilage structure (gross, histopathology), composition (cellularity by depth, matrix fixed charge), and biomechanical function (stiffness). Relationships between cellularity and structural scores, matrix fixed charge, and stiffness were assessed by linear regression. Results: Repair outcomes in 4°C-stored OCA were similar after 14 and 28 days of storage, and both were inferior to fresh OCA and were accompanied by diminished cellularity at the surface, matrix fixed charge, and histopathological structure. Overall, cellularity by depth and matrix fixed charge in cartilage of fresh OCA were similar to nonoperated controls. However, cellularity at the articular surface and matrix fixed charge in 4°C-stored OCA were lower than fresh, by ~55% (95% confidence interval [CI], 32%-76%) and ~20% (CI, 9%-30%), respectively. In frozen OCA, cellularity and matrix fixed charge were lower than 4°C-stored OCA, by ~93% (CI, 88%-99%) and ~22% (CI, 10%-35%), respectively. Cellularity correlated negatively with cartilage health indices, including structural scores, and positively with matrix fixed charge and stiffness. Conclusion: Reduced cellularity at the articular surface, resulting from 4°C storage, was associated with variable long-term outcomes versus consistently good repair by fresh allografts. Cellularity at the articular surface was an important index of biological performance. Clinical Relevance: Normal chondrocyte density in vivo, especially in the superficial region of cartilage, is important for maintaining long-term cartilage function and matrix content. In human cartilage, containing cells at ~3 to 5 times lower density than goat, repair outcomes may be related to absolute minimum number of cells rather than density.
Tear Patterns, Surgical Repair, and Clinical Outcomes of Patellar Tendon Ruptures After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With a Bone–Patellar Tendon–Bone Autograft
Authors: Benner Rodney W. , Shelbourne K. Donald , Urch Scott E. , Lazarus David 
Published: June 2012

Background: Patellar tendon ruptures are rare after graft harvest for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Few reports are available in the literature. Purpose: To report the common tear patterns and results of treatment with tendon repair and cable augmentation. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: All tendon ruptures were repaired to bone with suture anchors and augmented with a Dall-Miles cable, followed by an aggressive rehabilitation protocol. The tear location was recorded. Range of motion, strength, and subjective survey testing were conducted preoperatively and postoperatively. Results: Thirteen patellar tendon ruptures were found from our database of 5364 ACL reconstructions, for an incidence of 0.24%. Seven ruptures occurred from the patellar origin medially and the tibial attachment laterally in a Z-shaped pattern. Four were completely distal, and 2 were completely proximal ruptures. All patients exhibited early flexion loss, but 11 of 13 patients maintained full, terminal hyperextension throughout treatment. The mean postoperative side-to-side flexion deficit was 33° at 1 month, 6° at 3 months, and 3° at latest follow-up at a mean of 4.8 years after tendon repair (range, 1-16 years). By International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) criteria, 10 patients had normal flexion, and 3 were nearly normal at latest follow-up. Twelve patients had normal extension, and 1 had nearly normal extension at latest follow-up. Mean isokinetic quadriceps muscle strength was 68.7% of the other side at 3 months after repair and 100.0% at latest follow-up, occurring at a mean of 47.5 months (range, 12-120 months). At a mean of 2 years (range, 1-4 years) after repair, the mean modified Noyes subjective score was 89.8 ± 9.2. Conclusion: Patellar tendon ruptures are rare after ACL graft harvest. These ruptures usually occur in either a proximal-medial and distal-lateral pattern or an entirely distal pattern, in contrast to the proximal-only tear pattern commonly observed in unharvested patellar tendons. Good objective and subjective results were achieved with repair of postoperative patellar tendon ruptures using suture anchors and Dall-Miles cable augmentation, followed by aggressive, immediate range of motion exercises.
Is There a Correlation Between Circulating Levels of Citrulline and Intestinal Dysfunction in the Critically Ill?
Authors: Noordally S. Oaleed , Sohawon Schoeb , Semlali Hamza , Michely David , Devriendt Jacques , Gottignies Philippe 
Published: June 2012

Objective:The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between plasma citrulline and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score, survival, inflammation (C‐reactive protein [CRP]), inotrope use, serum levels of prealbumin and albumin, and renal failure in the critically ill patient.Methods:This prospective observational single‐center controlled study included 91 adult patients over a 2‐year period. Inclusion criteria were patients staying in the intensive care unit for >48 hours. Patients’ renal status was categorized as those with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) >60 mL/min without renal support, a GFR >60 mL/min with renal support, a GFR <60 mL/min without renal support, and a GFR <60 mL/min with renal support. Plasma citrulline concentrations were categorized into 3 groups: low (0–15 µmol/L), medium (16–35 µmol/L), and high (>36 µmol/L). The relationship between the recorded parameters and these different cut‐off values of plasma citrulline concentrations was analyzed.Results:Ninety‐one patients (34% female and 66% male) with a mean (SD) age of 69.3 (11.9) years, a mean (SD) body mass index of 24.8 (5.34) kg/m2, a mean (SD) APACHE II score of 22.4 (7.92), a mean (SD) SOFA score of 8 (4.4), and a mean (SD) plasma citrulline of 21.7 (13.1) µmol/L were enrolled. Only patients with intestinal dysfunction had low plasma citrulline level <15 µmol/L (P = .014). No correlations between serum levels of CRP, albumin, or prealbumin; renal failure; inotrope use; SOFA score; and APACHE II score were found with plasma citrulline level.Conclusion:Low plasma citrulline levels in patients correlate well with intestinal dysfunction.
Clinical and prognostic role of annexin A2 in multiple myeloma
Authors: Seckinger Anja , Meiβner Tobias , Moreaux Jérôme , Depeweg Daniela , Hillengass Jens , Hose Katja , Rème Thierry , Rösen-Wolff Angela , Jauch Anna , Schnettler Reinhard , Ewerbeck Volker , Goldschmidt Hartmut , Klein Bernard , Hose Dirk 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAnnexin A2 (ANXA2) promotes myeloma cell growth, reduces apoptosis in myeloma cell lines, and increases osteoclast formation. ANXA2 has been described in small cohorts of samples as expressed by myeloma cells and cells of the BM microenvironment. To investigate its clinical role, we assessed 1148 samples including independent cohorts of 332 and 701 CD138-purified myeloma cell samples from previously untreated patients together with clinical prognostic factors, chromosomal aberrations, and gene expression–based high-risk scores, along with expression of ANXA2 in whole BM samples, stromal cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and BM sera. ANXA2 is expressed in all normal and malignant plasma cell samples. Higher ANXA2 expression in myeloma cells is associated with significantly inferior event-free and overall survival independently of conventional prognostic factors and is associated with gene expression–determined high risk and high proliferation. Within the BM, all cell populations, including osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and stromal cells, express ANXA2. ANXA2 expression is increased significantly in myelomatous versus normal BM serum. ANXA2 exemplifies an interesting class of targetable bone-remodeling factors expressed by normal and malignant plasma cells and the BM microenvironment that have a significant impact on survival of myeloma patients.
Eyeing central neurons in vascular growth and reparative angiogenesis
Authors: Sapieha Przemyslaw 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe generation of blood vessels is a highly synchronized process requiring the coordinated efforts of several vascular and nonvascular cell populations as well as a stringent orchestration by the tissue being vascularized. Stereotyped angiogenesis is vital for both developmental growth and to restore tissue metabolic supply after ischemic events. Central neurons such as those found in the brain, spinal cord, and retina are vast consumers of oxygen and nutrients and therefore require high rates of perfusion by functional vascular networks to ensure proper sensory transmission. During a metabolic mismatch, such as that occurring during a cerebrovascular infarct or in ischemic retinopathies, there is increasing evidence that central neurons have an inherent ability to influence the vascular response to injury. With a focus on the retina and retinal ischemic disorders, this review explores the ever-growing evidence suggesting that central neurons have the propensity to impact tissue vascularization and reparative angiogenesis. Moreover, it addresses the paradoxical ability of severely ischemic neurons to hinder vascular regrowth and thus segregate the most severely injured zones of nervous tissue. The topics covered here are pertinent for future therapeutic strategies because promoting and steering vascular growth may be beneficial for ischemic disorders.
Factors influencing fecundity in experimental crosses of water lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) cultivars
Authors: Teng Nian-Jun , Wang Yan-Li , Sun Chun-Qing , Fang Wei-Min , Chen Fa-Di 
Published: June 2012

Abstract

Background
Breeding programs for the water lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) are hampered by an inability to account for variation in seed set associated with crosses between different cultivars. We studied seed set in two reciprocal crosses between lotus cultivars (‘Guili’ × ‘Aijiangnan’ and ‘Molingqiuse’ × ‘Qinhuaiyanzhi') to obtain insights into factors that govern fecundity in these experimental hybrids. Pollen viability, stigma receptivity and embryo development were compared for each hybrid and reciprocal cross.

Results
Pollen viability of the individual cultivars ranged from 4.1% to 20.2%, with the highest level (>11.9%) for all cultivars observed from the earliest collected grains (05:00–06:00 a.m.). Stigmatic pollen germination peaked at 4 h after pollination and varied from 4.8 to 60.6 grains per stigma among the crosses. Production of normal embryos ranged from 7.6% to 58.8% at 1 d after pollination and from 0 to 25% by 11 d after pollination. Seed set in crosses (0.2–23.3%) was generally lower than in open-pollinated plants (8.4–26.5%). Similar to the germination results, seed set was substantially reduced in both reciprocal crosses.

Conclusions
These results suggested that poor pollen fertility, low stigma receptivity, and embryo abortion were responsible for the failure of the crosses ‘Molingqiuse’ × ‘Qinhuaiyanzhi’, ‘Qinhuaiyanzhi’ × ‘Molingqiuse’, and ‘Aijiangnan’ × ‘Guili’.
Insulin-containing lipogenic stimuli suppress mast cell degranulation potential and up-regulate lipid body biogenesis and eicosanoid secretion in a PPARγ-independent manner
Authors: Greineisen William E , Shimoda Lori M N , Maaetoft-Udsen Kristina , Turner Helen 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Endocrine regulation of inflammatory potential in mast cells identifies insulin as a driving force for lipid body biogenesis and eicosanoid secretion.
Lipid bodies are most studied in adipocytes, where the lipogenic action of insulin initiates their formation. Here, we test the hypothesis that insulin may regulate lipid body content in mast cells and hence, modify their proinflammatory potential. Our data show that insulin causes lipid body accumulation in RBL2H3 and BMMCs. Lipid body accumulation in mast cells is associated with enhanced levels of leukotriene-synthesizing enzymes (LTC4S and 5-LO). Increased basal and antigen-stimulated release of LTC4 is observed in insulin-treated mast cells. Concomitantly, the insulin-containing lipogenic stimulus induces a phenotypic change in mast cells, where this enhancement in leukotriene levels is accompanied by a marked down-regulation in secretory granule content and release in response to stimulus. Mast cells exposed to insulin exhibit altered scatter and fluorescence properties, accumulating in a SSCloFSChi population that exhibits decreased BS staining and degranulation responses and is enriched in NR-positive lipid bodies and eicosanoid synthesis enzymes. Lipid body accumulation in mast cells is mechanistically distinct from the process in adipocytes; for example, it is independent of PPARγ up-regulation and does not involve significant accumulation of conjugated glycerides. Thus, chronic exposure to metabolic stimuli, such as insulin, may be a determinant of the proinflammatory potential of the mast cell.
Focal adhesion kinase is a phospho-regulated repressor of Rac and proliferation in human endothelial cells
Authors: Bryant Patrick W. , Zheng Qingxia , Pumiglia Kevin M. 
Published: June 2012

Summary
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is critically positioned to integrate signals from the extracellular matrix and cellular adhesion. It is essential for normal vascular development and has been implicated in a wide range of cellular functions including the regulation of cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and survival. It is currently being actively targeted therapeutically using different approaches. We have used human endothelial cells as a model system to compare the effects of inhibiting FAK through several different approaches including dominant negatives, kinase inhibitors and shRNA. We find that manipulations of FAK signaling that result in inhibition of FAK 397 phosphorylation inhibit proliferation and migration. However, abolition of FAK expression using stable (shRNA) or transient (siRNA) approaches does not interfere with these cellular functions. The ability to regulate cell proliferation by FAK manipulation is correlated with the activation status of Rac, an essential signal for the regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. The knockdown of FAK, while not affecting cellular proliferation or migration, dramatically interferes with vascular morphogenesis and survival, mirroring in vivo findings. We propose a novel model of FAK signaling whereby one of the multifunctional roles of FAK as a signaling protein includes FAK as a phospho-regulated repressor of Rac activation, with important implications on interpretation of research experiments and therapeutic development.
Life-long preservation of the regenerative capacity in the fin and heart in zebrafish
Authors: Itou Junji , Kawakami Hiroko , Burgoyne Tyler , Kawakami Yasuhiko 
Published: June 2012

Summary
The zebrafish is a widely used model animal to study the regeneration of organs, such as the fin and heart. Their average lifetime is about 3 years, and recent studies have shown that zebrafish exhibit aging-related degeneration, suggesting the possibility that aging might affect regenerative potential. In order to investigate this possibility, we compared regeneration of the fin and heart after experimental amputation in young (6–12 month old) and old (26–36 month old) fish. Comparison of recovery rate of the caudal fin, measured every two or three days from one day post amputation until 13 days post amputation, show that fins in young and old fish regenerate at a similar rate. In the heart, myocardium regeneration and cardiomyocyte proliferation occurred similarly in the two groups. Moreover, neo-vascularization, as well as activation of fibroblast growth factor signaling, which is required for neo-vascularization, occurred similarly. The epicardial tissue is a thin layer tissue that covers the heart, and starts to express several genes immediately in response to injury. The expression of epicardial genes, such as wt1b and aldh1a2, in response to heart injury was comparable in two groups. Our results demonstrate that zebrafish preserve a life-long regenerative ability of the caudal fin and heart.