bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the value of the arts in the education of mental health professionals: Georg Lukács, Samuel Beckett and the aesthetic category of specific particularity
Authors: ROBERTS M. 
Published: April 2012

Accessible summary
The manner in which the arts can contribute and enhance the practical, therapeutic concerns of mental health professionals is becoming well established in the health care literature.
The aesthetic theory of the Hungarian philosopher Georg Lukács and, in particular, his concept of specific particularity presents the possibility of understanding how the arts can be employed as a rich educational resource.
As an educational resource, the arts can be understood as providing mental health professionals with a valuable opportunity to reflect upon, consider and develop their ‘emotional capabilities’, such as the ability to move towards empathic understanding of those receiving mental health care.
AbstractThe manner in which the arts can enhance the practical, therapeutic concerns of mental health professionals is becoming well established in the health care literature. What gets discussed less frequently, however, are those aesthetic frameworks that propose to give an account of the possible ‘meaning’ and ‘purpose’ of art. In response, this paper will elucidate the aesthetic theory of the Hungarian philosopher Georg Lukács and will suggest that his concept of specific particularity enables an understanding of how art, and literature, poetry and drama in particular, can be employed as an educational resource that can contribute to the development of the ‘emotional capabilities’ of practitioners. However, insofar as Lukács' works are philosophically complex and challenging, his concept of specific particularity will be discussed within the context of Samuel Beckett's dramatic work Ohio Impromptu. In doing so, it will be suggested that Ohio Impromptu is not only productive for the elucidation of Lukács' aesthetics, but also illustrates how the arts provides practitioners with a valuable educative opportunity to engage with, and critically reflect upon, a multiplicity of affective dimensions, thereby enhancing the practitioner's ability to move towards achieving an empathic understanding of, and ‘emotional resonance’ with, those receiving mental health care.
Consent to transfusion: patients' and healthcare professionals' attitudes towards the provision of blood transfusion information
Authors: Davis R. , Vincent C. , Sud A. , Noel S. , Moss R. , Asgheddi M. , Abdur‐Rahman I. , Murphy M. 
Published: April 2012

Background: Patients should be informed about the risks and benefits of blood transfusion and their consent should be documented. However, this is not routinely practised in the UK, and there have been few studies to investigate patients' and healthcare professionals' attitudes towards this process.Objectives: To investigate patients' and healthcare professionals' attitudes towards the information patients are provided with about transfusion and obtaining consent for transfusion.Measures: A cross‐sectional qualitative survey design was employed. Attitudes towards transfusion‐related information and consenting to transfusion were assessed using a patient survey and healthcare professional survey.Participants: One hundred and ten patients who had received a transfusion aged between 18 and 93 (60 males and 50 females) and 123 healthcare professionals (doctors, nurses and midwives) involved in administering transfusions.Results: Sixty‐one patients recalled consenting transfusion. The majority said they were just told they needed a transfusion (N = 67) and only 1 patient said a full discussion about the risks and the benefits of the transfusion took place. However, although 82 patients said they were satisfied with the information, 22 patients reported they would have liked to have been given more details. The majority of healthcare professionals (N = 83) felt that patients were often not given sufficient information about transfusion.Conclusion: Greater efforts should be made to provide information to patients about the risks and benefits of blood transfusions. Future research should explore the most effective ways of delivering this information to patients in an appropriate and timely manner.
Patient involvement in blood transfusion safety: patients' and healthcare professionals' perspective
Authors: Davis R. , Murphy M. F. , Sud A. , Noel S. , Moss R. , Asgheddi M. , Abdur‐Rahman I. , Vincent C. 
Published: April 2012

Background: Blood transfusion is one of the major areas where serious clinical consequences, even death, related to patient misidentification can occur. In the UK, healthcare professional compliance with pre‐transfusion checking procedures which help to prevent misidentification errors is poor. Involving patients at a number of stages in the transfusion pathway could help prevent the occurrence of these incidents.Objectives: To investigate patients' willingness to be involved and healthcare professionals' willingness to support patient involvement in pre‐transfusion checking behaviours.Measures: A cross‐sectional design was employed assessing willingness to participate in pre‐transfusion checking behaviours (patient survey) and willingness to support patient involvement (healthcare professional survey) on a scale of 1–7.Participants: One hundred and ten patients who had received a transfusion aged between 18 and 93 (60 male) and 123 healthcare professionals (doctors, nurses and midwives) involved in giving blood transfusions to patients.Results: Mean scores for patients' willingness to participate in safety‐relevant transfusion behaviours and healthcare professionals' willingness to support patient involvement ranged from 4·96–6·27 to 4·53–6·66, respectively. Both groups perceived it most acceptable for patients to help prevent errors or omissions relating to their hospital identification wristband. Neither prior experience of receiving a blood transfusion nor professional role of healthcare staff had an effect on attitudes towards patient participation.Conclusion: Overall, both patients and healthcare professionals view patient involvement in transfusion‐related behaviours quite favourably and appear in agreement regarding the behaviours patients should adopt an active role in. Further work is needed to determine the effectiveness of this approach to improve transfusion safety.
Undernotification of anaphylaxis deaths in Brazil due to difficult coding under the ICD‐10
Authors: Tanno L. K. , Ganem F. , Demoly P. , Toscano C. M. , Bierrenbach A. L. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackgroundUndernotification is well recognized as a key challenge to the study of anaphylaxis mortality, but it is seldom mentioned that one of its reasons is the difficult coding of the condition under the tenth revision of the international classification of diseases (ICD‐10), given that there are no anaphylaxis‐specific ICD‐10, which are considered valid for coding underlying causes‐of‐death, and that official mortality statistics consider exclusively the underlying and disregard the contributing causes‐of‐death data recorded on death certificates. Brazilian mortality data were used as a case study to call attention to the inadequacy of the ICD‐10 for the measurement of anaphylaxis deaths.MethodsUnderlying and contributing causes‐of‐death data were used to estimate the rates of anaphylaxis deaths in the country over the years 2008–2010.ResultsOf 498 anaphylaxis deaths were found, of which 75% were classified as ‘definite’ and 25% as ‘possible anaphylaxis deaths’. The average national rate for these years was 0.87 per million per year. None of these deaths would have been found had we exclusively considered information from the underlying cause‐of‐death field.Conclusion/RecommendationsThe study of anaphylaxis mortality using secondary data requires the use of information derived from the underlying as well as from the contributing causes‐of‐death fields. Coding definitions should be standardized with a view of enabling trend analyses and international comparisons. The ICD‐11 revision is a unique opportunity to improve the coding system so as to facilitate epidemiological studies of anaphylaxis mortality. Educational interventions targeted at improving the quality of death certificate completion are urgently needed.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for curing children with severe autoimmune diseases: Is this a valid option?
Authors: Pession Andrea , Zama Daniele , Masetti Riccardo , Gasperini Pietro , Prete Arcangelo 
Published: April 2012

Pession A, Zama D, Masetti R, Gasperini P, Prete A. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for curing children with severe autoimmune diseases: Is this a valid option?Abstract:  The cure of children with severe AD, especially patients with severe, progressive, and therapy‐resistant autoimmunity, represents a challenge for current medical practice. The idea of HSCT as a promising therapeutic opportunity was borne accidentally from finding patients who, after undergoing HSCT for a hematological indication, were cured of a concomitant AD. Thus, over the last two decades, HSCT has been extensively investigated, and it has become an appealing therapy for rheumatological (juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis) and hematological diseases (immune cytopenias). Recently, interesting results have been also described in type 1 diabetes mellitus and Crohn’s disease. Although the use of HSCT has been steadily rising in the last few years, many questions are still open, especially after the discoveries of many new biological agents. Given the low incidence of ADs in children, most of the data about the use of the HSCT for these diseases are taken from a mixed cohort of adults and children. The aim of this review is to summarize the published studies and to try to answer the question as to whether this procedure can be considered a promising approach.
Marine–freshwater transitions are associated with the evolution of dietary diversification in terapontid grunters (Teleostei: Terapontidae)
Authors: DAVIS A. M. , UNMACK P. J. , PUSEY B. J. , JOHNSON J. B. , PEARSON R. G. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe ecological opportunities associated with transitions across the marine–freshwater interface are regarded as an important catalyst of diversification in a range of aquatic taxa. Here, we examined the role of these major habitat transitions and trophic diversification in a radiation of Australasian fishes using a new molecular phylogeny incorporating 37 Terapontidae species. A combined mitochondrial and nuclear gene analysis yielded a well‐supported tree with most nodes resolved. Ancestral terapontids appear to have been euryhaline in habitat affiliation, with a single transition to freshwater environments producing all Australasian freshwater species. Mapping of terapontid feeding modes onto the molecular phylogeny–predicted carnivorous dietary habits was displayed by ancestral terapontids, which subsequently diversified into a range of additional carnivorous, omnivorous, herbivorous and detritivorous dietary modes upon transition to freshwater habitats. Comparative analyses suggested that following the freshwater invasion, the single freshwater clade has exhibited an increased rate of diversification at almost three times the background rate evident across the rest of the family. The marine–freshwater transition within Terapontidae appears to have resulted in substantial dietary radiation in freshwater environments, as well as increased lineage diversification rates relative to euryhaline–marine habitats.
Selection in a fluctuating environment leads to decreased genetic variation and facilitates the evolution of phenotypic plasticity
Authors: HALLSSON L. R. , BJÖRKLUND M. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractChanges in the environment are expected to induce changes in the quantitative genetic variation, which influences the ability of a population to adapt to environmental change. Furthermore, environmental changes are not constant in time, but fluctuate. Here, we investigate the effect of rapid, continuous and/or fluctuating temperature changes in the seed beetleCallosobruchus maculatus, using an evolution experiment followed by a split‐brood experiment. In line with expectations, individuals responded in a plastic way and had an overall higher potential to respond to selection after a rapid change in the environment. After selection in an environment with increasing temperature, plasticity remained unchanged (or decreased) and environmental variation decreased, especially when fluctuations were added; these results were unexpected. As expected, the genetic variation decreased after fluctuating selection. Our results suggest that fluctuations in the environment have major impact on the response of a population to environmental change; in a highly variable environment with low predictability, a plastic response might not be beneficial and the response is genetically and environmentally canalized resulting in a low potential to respond to selection and low environmental sensitivity. Interestingly, we found greater variation for phenotypic plasticity after selection, suggesting that the potential for plasticity to evolve is facilitated after exposure to environmental fluctuations. Our study highlights that environmental fluctuations should be considered when investigating the response of a population to environmental change.
Preferences by Rhagoletis indifferens (Diptera, Tephritidae) for rectangles of various yellow colours and fluorescence
Authors: Yee W. L. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractSticky rectangle traps of various yellow colours and fluorescence made of cardboard were field tested against western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran, in paired trap preference experiments in Washington state. In a first experiment that involved comparisons of Alpha Scents (proprietary paint), Fluorescent Yellow (aerosol paint), Saffron Thread and Neon Light (semi‐gloss enamel paints) traps at two sites, the best performing trap was the Saffron Thread trap. In a second experiment comparing Citrus Splash (semi‐gloss enamel paint) with Alpha Scents and with Macaw and Lemon Zest (both semi‐gloss enamel paints) traps at a third site, the Citrus Splash trap outperformed the Alpha Scents trap. The Citrus Splash trap did not differ statistically from Saffron Thread and Lemon Zest traps, even though it caught 51% more flies than the Lemon Zest trap. The Alpha Scents trap caught significantly more non‐target Diptera than Fluorescent Yellow, Neon Light and Citrus Splash traps at two of three trap sites where non‐target Diptera populations were relatively high and overall it appeared less selective than the Citrus Splash trap. Results suggest that sticky rectangle traps painted semi‐gloss enamel Saffron Thread or Citrus Splash with low fluorescence could be highly useful for detecting R. indifferens.
Matrix metalloproteinase inhibition affects adipose tissue mass in obese mice
Authors: Van Hul Matthias , Lupu Florea , Dresselaers Tom , Buyse Johan , Lijnen H Roger 
Published: April 2012

Summary

Because the development of adipose tissue involves remodelling of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which requires matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, we examined whether MMP inhibitors may have the potential to affect adipose tissue mass in obese mice.
Administration of the relatively gelatinase‐specific MMP inhibitor tolylsam ((R)‐3‐methyl‐2‐[4‐(3‐p‐tolyl‐[1,2,4]oxadiazol‐5‐yl)‐benzenesulphonylamino]‐butyric acid; 100 mg/kg per day) for 7 weeks to obese wild‐type mice on a high‐fat diet resulted in significantly lower bodyweight (P < 0.05), lower subcutaneous (SC) and gonadal (GON) adipose tissue mass (both P < 0.05) and smaller adipocytes in both SC (P < 0.005) and GON (P < 0.0005) adipose tissues.
Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a lower total body fat content in tolylsam‐treated mice (P < 0.0005). In addition, tolylsam treatment of wild‐type mice was associated with a marked enhancement in metabolic rate.
Electron microscopy analysis of tissue sections at the end of the 7 week feeding period revealed significantly higher collagen accumulation in the ECM of SC adipose tissues of tolylsam‐treated mice (P < 0.001).
Thus, the relatively gelatinase‐specific MMP inhibitor tolylsam has the potential to affect fat tissue growth in obese mice.
Biomechanics of medial hamstring lengthening
Authors: Dagge Benjamin , Firth Gregory B. , Palamara Joseph E. A. , Eizenberg Norman , Donath Susan , Graham H. Kerr 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackground:  Medial hamstring lengthening is frequently used to correct contractures in neuromuscular conditions such as cerebral palsy. Surgical techniques vary considerably and little is known about the lengthening characteristics of muscle‐tendon‐units after surgical intervention.Methods:  A randomized trial was performed on paired cadaver medial hamstring muscle‐tendon‐units comparing ‘High’ (proximal) versus ‘Low’ (distal) lengthening procedures. The paired muscle‐tendon‐units were subjected to tensile testing utilizing an Instron® (Instron Corporation, Canton, MA, USA) machine under controlled conditions. Prior to tensile testing, the paired semitendinosus and paired gracilis received either high or low intramuscular tenotomy. Load (N) versus displacement (mm) was recorded continuously for each test. The difference in lengthening and load at failure for intact and surgical simulation muscle‐tendon‐units was recorded and compared with paired t‐tests.Results:  Both low and high lengthenings increased the amount of lengthening achieved compared with intact controls and the lengthening was achieved at lower applied load. Low intramuscular tenotomy of the semitendinosus resulted in a 30% greater lengthening when compared with high intramuscular tenotomy. For the gracilis muscle, the low intramuscular tenotomy achieved 39% greater lengthening than the high intramuscular tenotomy and these differences were significant.Conclusion:  Biomechanical testing of formalin‐preserved human cadaveric medial hamstring muscle‐tendon‐units confirms that it is possible to achieve lengthening in continuity following an intramuscular tenotomy or fascial striping procedure. The site of the surgical procedure (high versus low) results in a different effect on the lengthening characteristics, dictated by the anatomy of the particular muscle‐tendon‐unit.
Open rotator cuff repairs in patients 70 years and older
Authors: De Carvalho Bruno Roque , Puri Arvind , Calder John Arthur 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackground:  Symptomatic rotator cuff tear is a commonly diagnosed problem in patients over the age of 70; however, there is controversy regarding the management of this condition. We set out to investigate whether this group has satisfactory results with operative management of their rotator cuff tears.Methods:  Retrospective review of one surgeon's patients who have undergone an open rotator cuff repair at age 70 or older. Outcome assessment included history of work and recreational activities, review of medical records, clinical examination, the Simple Shoulder Test (SST) and the Constant Shoulder Score (CSS).Results:  A total of 96 patients (104 shoulders) underwent open rotator cuff repair during the study period. Sixteen patients (16 shoulders) were lost to follow‐up leaving 80 patients (88 shoulders) for review. Mean duration of symptoms was 18.3 months, mean age at surgery was 74.2 years and mean time to follow‐up was 40.8 months. The mean SST and CSS scores were 9.8 and 80.1, respectively. In both tests, patients scored best in the pain relief categories and worst in strength‐measuring areas. A total of 73 patients (92.7%) reported satisfaction with their surgery. None of these were limited by their shoulders in returning to pre‐injury independence, work or recreations. They were either completely pain free or had only mild symptoms.Conclusion:  Patients in our study reflected a high satisfaction rate of 92.7% as well as excellent pain relief and a high level of function when related to their daily activities, independence and recreations or work.Level of evidence:  Level IV (observational study without control – retrospective study).
Prenatal diagnosis of right diaphragmatic eventration associated with fetal hydrops
Authors: Iskender Cantekin , Tarım Ebru , Yalcınkaya Cem 
Published: April 2012

AbstractCongenital diaphragmatic eventration (CDE) is a rare diaphragmatic abnormality. Clinical manifestations of CDE may mimic congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Prenatal differential diagnosis of eventration is critical because postnatal managing and prognosis of these conditions vary significantly. Sonographic features of CDE involve presence of abdominal organs in the thorax, shift of cardiac axis and mediastinum. Non‐immune hydrops fetalis (NIHF) has been previously reported to be associated with intrathoracic masses as well as CDE. In this report, we present a case of congenital right diaphragmatic eventration associated with NIHF.
Management of spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects (SCCEDs) in dogs with diamond burr debridement and placement of a bandage contact lens
Authors: Gosling Allyson A. , Labelle Amber L. , Breaux Carrie B. 
Published: April 2012

Objective  To describe the outcome of canine spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects (SCCED) treated with diamond burr debridement (DBD) and bandage contact lens placement (BCL).Animal studied  Forty eyes of 36 dogs presenting to a single private practice.Procedures  A retrospective review of medical records was performed. Cases were eligible for inclusion if they were newly diagnosed with SCCED by a veterinary ophthalmologist and treated with DBD/BCL. All patients received a complete ocular examination followed by DBD using a battery‐powered, handheld motorized burr (Algerbrush®, Alger Equipment Company, Lago Vista, TX, USA). A BCL was placed post‐debridement in all patients. Data were analyzed for sex, age, breed, duration of clinical signs prior to DBD; number of debridements required before healing was achieved; contact lens retention, complications attributed to DBD, and additional surgical interventions were required to achieve healing.Results  The median time to first recheck examination was 7 days (IQR 7–9 days) with 28/40 (70%) of cases healed at this examination. The mean time to second recheck examination was 15.5 ± 5.5 days with 37/40 (92.5%) healed by this examination. The median time to final recheck examination was 19 days (IQR 18–35.5 days) with a range of 18–52 days. All cases resolved by the third and final recheck examination. A second DBD/BCL was performed in 5/40 (12.5%) of cases. The BCL retention rate was 95% over all examination time points. No case required a keratectomy or other surgical intervention to achieve healing. The only complication observed was one case of suspected bacterial keratitis post‐DBD/BCL.Conclusions  Results suggest that DBD/BCL is safe and effective for treatment of canine SCCED.