bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategies to Promote Evidence-Based Practice in Pediatric Physical Therapy: A Formative Evaluation Pilot Project
Authors: Schreiber Joe , Stern Perri , Marchetti Gregory , Provident Ingrid 
Published: July 2009

BackgroundThe physical therapy profession has been perceived as one that bases its practice largely on anecdotal evidence and that uses treatment techniques for which there is little scientific support. Physical therapists have been urged to increase evidence-based practice behaviors as a means to address this perception and to enhance the translation of knowledge from research evidence into clinical practice. However, little attention has been paid to the best ways in which to support clinicians’ efforts toward improving evidence-based practice.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to identify, implement, and evaluate the effectiveness of strategies aimed at enhancing the ability of 5 pediatric physical therapists to integrate scientific research evidence into clinical decision making.DesignThis study was a formative evaluation pilot project.MethodsThe participants in this study collaborated with the first author to identify and implement strategies and outcomes aimed at enhancing their ability to use research evidence during clinical decision making. Outcome data were analyzed with qualitative methods.ResultsThe participants were able to implement several, but not all, of the strategies and made modest self-reported improvements in evidence-based practice behaviors, such as reading journal articles and completing database searches. They identified several barriers, including a lack of time, other influences on clinical decision making, and a lack of incentives for evidence-based practice activities.ConclusionsThe pediatric physical therapists who took part in this project had positive attitudes toward evidence-based practice and made modest improvements in this area. It is critical for the profession to continue to investigate optimal strategies to aid practicing clinicians in applying research evidence to clinical decision making.
Surgical anatomy and functional connectivity of the limbic system
Authors: Lövblad Karl-Olof , Schaller Karl 
Published: July 2009

Object
The goal in this study was to highlight the potential of currently available imaging techniques for surgical planning of procedures in and around the limbic system.

Methods
The authors review traditional and newer imaging techniques as applied to neurosurgical planning. Today MR imaging techniques play a preponderant role. The various applications of functional techniques such as diffusion weighted, diffusion tensor, perfusion, and functional MR imaging methods are discussed.

Results
In addition to the high-resolution studies of anatomy that can be acquired, especially at higher field strengths (≥ 3 T), MR imaging now also offers the possibility of acquiring functional, metabolic, hemodynamic, and molecular information on normal and pathological brain processes.

Conclusions
The knowledge obtained using the various imaging techniques contributes substantially to understanding the disease processes in a way that drastically improves surgical planning.
Functional outcome after language mapping for insular World Health Organization Grade II gliomas in the dominant hemisphere: experience with 24 patients
Authors: Duffau Hugues , Moritz-Gasser Sylvie , Gatignol Peggy 
Published: July 2009

Object
Despite the report of recent experiences of insular surgery in the past decade, there has been no series specifically dedicated to studying functional outcome following resection of insular WHO Grade II gliomas involving the dominant hemisphere, in patients with no or only mild preoperative language deficit. In this article, the authors analyze the contribution of awake mapping for preservation of brain function, especially language, in a homogeneous series of 24 patients who underwent surgery for insular Grade II gliomas within the dominant insular lobe.

Methods
Twenty-four patients underwent surgery for an insular Grade II glioma involving the dominant hemisphere (22 left, 2 right), revealed by seizures in all but 1 case. The preoperative neurological examination result was normal in 17 patients (71%), whereas 7 patients presented with language disorders detected using an accurate language assessment performed by a speech therapist. All surgeries were performed on awake patients utilizing intra-operative language mapping involving cortical and subcortical stimulation.

Results
There were no intrasurgical complications or postsurgical sensorimotor deficits. Despite an immediate postoperative language worsening in 12 cases (50%), all patients recovered to a normal status within 3 months, and 6 cases even improved in comparison with their preoperative examination results. The 24 patients returned to normal social and professional lives. Moreover, the surgery had a favorable impact on epilepsy in all but 4 cases (83%). On control MR imaging, 62.5% of resections were total or subtotal. Three patients underwent a second or third awake surgery, with no additional deficit. All but 2 patients (92%) are alive after a mean follow-up of 3 years (range 3–133 months).

Conclusions
Although insular surgery was long believed to be too risky, the present results show that the rate of permanent deficit, especially dysphasia, following resection of Grade II gliomas involving the dominant insula has been dramatically reduced (none in this patient series), thanks to the systematic use of intraoperative awake mapping, even in cases of repeated operations. Furthermore, patient quality of life may be improved due to a decrease of epilepsy after surgery. Thus, the authors suggest systematically considering resection when an insular Grade II glioma is diagnosed after seizures in a patient with no or mild deficit, even a glioma invading the dominant hemisphere.
Screening for blunt cerebrovascular injury: selection criteria for use of angiography
Authors: Ringer Andrew J. , Matern Elizabeth , Parikh Samir , Levine Nicholas B. 
Published: July 2009

Object
Blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCI) to the carotid and vertebral arteries is being recognized with increasing frequency in trauma victims. Yet, only broadly defined criteria exist for the use of screening angiography. In this study, the authors systematically identified the associated injuries that predict BCI and provide guidelines for the types of injuries best evaluated by angiography.

Methods
Criteria for screening angiography were developed with intentionally broad inclusion to maximize sensitivity. Screening criteria for each patient and angiographic results (5-point scale of BCI) were recorded prospectively. Injuries most often associated with a positive angiogram were identified. Dissection grades of 0–1 were classified as minor.

Results
Of 365 patients evaluated for trauma by angiography between January 2000 and December 2005, 40 patients with penetrating trauma were excluded. Of the 325 patients included in the study, 100 (30.8%) had positive angiographic findings, including 79 (24.3%) with major injuries. Fractures of the cervical spine and midface (or mandibular ramus) were associated with major BCI (identified in 30.7% of patients with cervical fractures and 30.8% of patients with midface fractures). However, thoracic trauma and soft tissue injury of the neck were rarely associated with a significant BCI (0 and 3 cases, respectively). Horner syndrome and cervical bruit were associated with arterial dissection in 9 of 10 patients. Skull base fractures and unexplained neurological findings were associated with major BCI in 13 (18.3%) of 71 and 11 (16.9%) of 65 patients, respectively.

Conclusions
Cervical and facial fractures resulting from blunt trauma were highly associated with BCI. After significant thoracic trauma or soft tissue injury to the neck, angiography should be reserved for patients with unexplained neurological findings or expanding hematomas of the neck.
Decompressive craniectomy for the treatment of traumatic brain injury: does an age limit exist?
Authors: De Bonis Pasquale , Pompucci Angelo , Mangiola Annunziato , D'Alessandris Q. Giorgio , Rigante Luigi , Anile Carmelo 
Published: July 2009

Object
It is generally believed that the outcome of traumatic brain injury is not improved by decompressive craniectomy in patients older than 30–50 years. A literature search was performed to assess the level of evidence with respect to the effect of age on outcome in these cases.

Methods
References were identified by PubMed searches of journal articles published between 1995 and December 2008. The inclusion criteria were as follows: 1) clinical series including adults; and 2) focus on age as a prognostic factor. Technical notes and laboratory investigations were excluded.

Results
Fourteen English-language articles were finally selected. In 5 of the 14 studies, the authors performed no statistical analysis. In 6 studies they concluded that age was not significantly related to outcome (with 1 of these studies showing a correlation between age and outcome only after 65 years). Three studies showed a correlation between age and outcome.

Conclusions
With respect to age and effectiveness of decompressive craniectomy, there are no robust data to establish any degree of core evidence and the referred age thresholds are arbitrary.
Postpartum Emergency Department Use Following Midwifery-Model vs Obstetrics-Model Care
Authors: Sorbara Carla , Ray Joel G. , Darling Elizabeth K. , Chung Hannah , Podolsky Sho , Stukel Therese A. 
Published: April 2024

ImportanceEmergency department (ED) use postpartum is a common and often-preventable event. Unlike traditional obstetrics models, the Ontario midwifery model offers early care postpartum.ObjectiveTo assess whether postpartum ED use differs between women who received perinatal care in midwifery-model care vs in traditional obstetrics-model care.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective population-based cohort study took place in Ontario, Canada, where public health care is universally funded. Participants included women who were low risk and primiparous and gave birth to a live baby in an Ontario hospital between 2012 and 2018. Data were collected from April 2012 to March 2018 and analyzed from June 2022 to April 2023.ExposuresPerinatal care clinician, namely, a midwife or obstetrician.Main Outcome and Measures: Any unscheduled ED visit 42 days postpartum or less. Poisson regression models compared ED use between women with midwifery-model care vs obstetrics-model care, weighting by propensity score-based overlap weights.ResultsAmong 104 995 primiparous women aged 11 to 50 years, those in midwifery-model care received a median (IQR) of 7 (6-8) postpartum visits, compared with 0 (0-1) visits among those receiving obstetrics-model care. Unscheduled ED visits 42 days or less postpartum occurred for 1549 of 23 124 women (6.7%) with midwifery-model care compared with 6902 of 81 871 women (8.4%) with traditional obstetrics-model care (adjusted relative risks [aRR], 0.78; 95% CI, 0.73-0.83). Similar aRRs were seen in women with a spontaneous vaginal birth (aRR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.65-0.78) or assisted vaginal birth (aRR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.59-0.82) but not those with a cesarean birth (aRR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.86-1.03) or those with intrapartum transfer of care between a midwife and obstetrician (aRR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.87-1.04). ED use 7 days or less postpartum was also lower among women receiving midwifery model care (aRR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.65-0.77).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, midwifery-model care was associated with less postpartum ED use than traditional obstetrics-model care among women who had low risk and were primiparous, which may be due to early access to postpartum care provided by Ontario midwives.
Factors Associated With Adherence of Cervical Cancer Screening in Women With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Bruera Sebastian , Bowman Savannah , Huang Yinan , Suarez‐Almazor Maria E. , Lo Grace H. , Lopez‐Olivo Maria , Chiao Elizabeth , Kramer Jennifer R. , Pereira Fred A. , Agarwal Sandeep K. 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveThe objective is to determine cervical cancer screening rates and factors associated with decreased cervical cancer screening in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study that enrolled consecutive women (age 21–64 years) with SLE. We collected demographics, clinical characteristics, constructs of the Health Beliefs Model (HBM) (ie, susceptibility, severity, barriers, benefits, cues to action, and self‐efficacy), and self‐reported cervical cancer screening (confirmed with the electronic medical record). The primary outcome was adherence to cervical cancer screening according to current guidelines. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the association between SLE disease activity and cervical cancer screening and explore mediation effects from HBM constructs.ResultsWe enrolled 130 women with SLE. The median age was 42 years (interquartile range 32–52 years). The cervical cancer screening adherence rate was 61.5%. Women with high SLE disease activity were less likely to have cervical cancer screening versus those with low disease activity (odds ratio 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.39–0.89; P = 0.01), which remained statistically significant after adjusting for baseline demographics and drug therapy in a multivariable model (odds ratio 0.25, 95% CI 0.08–0.79; P = 0.02). Regarding the HBM constructs, increased perceived barriers to cervical cancer screening (r = −0.30, P < 0.01) and decreased self‐efficacy (r = −0.21, P = 0.02) correlated with decreased cervical cancer screening.ConclusionPatients with SLE with high disease activity undergo cervical cancer screening less frequently than those with low disease activity. Perceived barriers to cervical cancer screening are moderately correlated with decreased screening. These data highlight the need to develop strategies to increase cervical cancer screening in this high‐risk patient population.
Vehicle vibration test platform structure design and control strategy optimization
Authors: Xi Zhiqiang , Guo Yongzheng , Wang Yiliu , Liu Kui , Yang Haiyang , Guo Zhanzheng , Zhang Shuai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFor the needs of vehicle vibration test platform with high precision, large load capacity and fast response, the three‐dimensional model design and analysis of vehicle vibration test platform are carried out; in order to improve the motion performance of the platform, a vibration test plat‐form control strategy combining hybrid heuristic algorithm and PID control is proposed. Based on the designed 3D model parameters, the single‐channel mathematical model of the servo‐electric cylinder is derived and a hybrid heuristic algorithm PID optimization model is established to compare and analyze the control performance of the platform with the Ziegler‐Nichols method PID. The results show that the step system overshoot is 3.80% and the dynamic performance of the system is significantly improved when the hybrid heuristic algorithm PID control is used. The simulation system model of vehicle vibration test platform control is established, and the operation results show that the platform is closer to the input signal in the spatial position change curve when the hybrid heuristic algorithm PID control is used. Its maximum displacement error is 0.09 mm, and the motion accuracy of the system is improved by 61% compared with the Ziegler‐Nichols method PID control.
Heart‐on‐a‐Chip Model of Epicardial–Myocardial Interaction in Ischemia Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Bannerman Dawn , Pascual‐Gil Simon , Wu Qinghua , Fernandes Ian , Zhao Yimu , Wagner Karl T. , Okhovatian Sargol , Landau Shira , Rafatian Naimeh , Bodenstein David F. , Wang Ying , Nash Trevor R. , Vunjak‐Novakovic Gordana , Keller Gordon , Epelman Slava , Radisic Milica 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEpicardial cells (EPIs) form the outer layer of the heart and play an important role in development and disease. Current heart‐on‐a‐chip platforms still do not fully mimic the native cardiac environment due to the absence of relevant cell types, such as EPIs. Here, using the Biowire II platform, engineered cardiac tissues with an epicardial outer layer and inner myocardial structure are constructed, and an image analysis approach is developed to track the EPI cell migration in a beating myocardial environment. Functional properties of EPI cardiac tissues improve over two weeks in culture. In conditions mimicking ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI), the EPI cardiac tissues experience less cell death and a lower impact on functional properties. EPI cell coverage is significantly reduced and more diffuse under normoxic conditions compared to the post‐IRI conditions. Upon IRI, migration of EPI cells into the cardiac tissue interior is observed, with contributions to alpha smooth muscle actin positive cell population. Altogether, a novel heart‐on‐a‐chip model is designed to incorporate EPIs through a formation process that mimics cardiac development, and this work demonstrates that EPI cardiac tissues respond to injury differently than epicardium‐free controls, highlighting the importance of including EPIs in heart‐on‐a‐chip constructs that aim to accurately mimic the cardiac environment.
Phototuning of Hyaluronic‐Acid‐Based Hydrogel Properties to Control Network Formation in Human Vascular Endothelial Cells
Authors: Elvitigala Kelum Chamara Manoj Lakmal , Mohan Lakshmi , Mubarok Wildan , Sakai Shinji 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn vitro network formation by endothelial cells serves as a fundamental model for studies aimed at understanding angiogenesis. The morphogenesis of these cells to form a network is intricately regulated by the mechanical and biochemical properties of the extracellular matrix. Here the effects of modulating these properties in hydrogels derived from phenolated hyaluronic acid (HA‐Ph) and phenolated gelatin (Gelatin‐Ph) are presented. Visible‐light irradiation in the presence of tris(2,2′‐bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) chloride hexahydrate and sodium persulfate induces the crosslinking of these polymers, thereby forming a hydrogel and degrading HA‐Ph. Human vascular endothelial cells form networks on the hydrogel prepared by visible‐light irradiation for 45 min (42 W cm−2 at 450 nm) but not on the hydrogels prepared by irradiation for 15, 30, or 60 min. The irradiation time‐dependent degradation of HA‐Ph and the changes in the mechanical stiffness of the hydrogels, coupled with the expressions of RhoA and β‐actin genes and CD44 receptors in the cells, reveal that the network formation is synergistically influenced by the hydrogel stiffness and HA‐Ph degradation. These findings highlight the potential of tailoring HA‐based hydrogel properties to modulate human vascular endothelial cell responses, which is critical for advancing their application in vascular tissue engineering.
Distance‐Driven Terahertz Metallic Metasurface Supporting QGM in the Continuum
Authors: Yang Fan , Wang Zhiyong , Li Jitao , Yue Zhen , Zhang Qianyun , Li Hui , Song Chunyu , Liu Yanyan , Ding Xin , Wu Liang , Zhang Yating , Yao Jianquan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe metasurfaces that support high‐Q resonances can provide ultra‐sharp resonance and achieve strong light‐matter interaction, which promotes their application in various fields such as sensing, lasing, and imaging. Bound modes, unable to radiate into free space, can be transformed into quasi‐bound modes and coupled with external radiation, achieving high‐Q resonances. For periodic structures, by introducing appropriate periodic perturbations, the guided modes (GMs) below the light line can be exposed above the light line, forming the high‐Q quasi‐guide modes (QGMs). Herein, a metallic metasurface is designed that supports the QGM in the continuum by introducing the Brillouin zone folding strategy. The simulation and experiment demonstrate that the GM below the light line can be transformed into the QGM in the continuum by tuning the distance parameter, and a typical “electromagnetic‐induced transparency‐like (EIT‐like)” spectrum is observed. The design unlocks additional degrees of freedom for generating high‐Q metallic metasurface. The advantage of avoiding the production of asymmetric defects contributes to releasing the strict requirement on manufacturing precision. The combination of the metallic metasurface supporting QGM resonance with high‐Q factors and the flexible substrate can improve the performance of the flexible devices and broaden its application in terahertz optoelectronic devices.
Structural Evolution of Bacterial Polyphosphate Degradation Enzyme for Phosphorus Cycling
Authors: Dai Shang , Wang Binqiang , Ye Rui , Zhang Dong , Xie Zhenming , Yu Ning , Cai Chunhui , Huang Cheng , Zhao Jie , Zhang Furong , Hua Yuejin , Zhao Ye , Zhou Ruhong , Tian Bing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLiving organisms ranging from bacteria to animals have developed their own ways to accumulate and store phosphate during evolution, in particular as the polyphosphate (polyP) granules in bacteria. Degradation of polyP into phosphate is involved in phosphorus cycling, and exopolyphosphatase (PPX) is the key enzyme for polyP degradation in bacteria. Thus, understanding the structure basis of PPX is crucial to reveal the polyP degradation mechanism. Here, it is found that PPX structure varies in the length of ɑ‐helical interdomain linker (ɑ‐linker) across various bacteria, which is negatively correlated with their enzymatic activity and thermostability – those with shorter ɑ‐linkers demonstrate higher polyP degradation ability. Moreover, the artificial DrPPX mutants with shorter ɑ‐linker tend to have more compact pockets for polyP binding and stronger subunit interactions, as well as higher enzymatic efficiency (kcat/Km) than that of DrPPX wild type. In Deinococcus‐Thermus, the PPXs from thermophilic species possess a shorter ɑ‐linker and retain their catalytic ability at high temperatures (70 °C), which may facilitate the thermophilic species to utilize polyP in high‐temperature environments. These findings provide insights into the interdomain linker length‐dependent evolution of PPXs, which shed light on enzymatic adaption for phosphorus cycling during natural evolution and rational design of enzyme.
Latent Solvent Induced Reliable Interfacial Chemistry Toward Highly Reversible Zn Anodes
Authors: Su Long , Lu Fei , Dong Jingjing , Dou Xinwei , Zheng Liqiang , Ouyang Chuying , Gao Xinpei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAqueous zinc‐ion batteries have garnered renewed interest owing to their inherent safety and cost‐effectiveness. However, Zn anode suffers from notorious side reactions and dendrite growth, compromising the battery performance. Designing anion‐containing solvation structures to facilitate the in situ formation of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer proves effective in protecting Zn anode, yet balancing the inherent interactions between the cations‐solvents and cations–anions remains a significant challenge. Herein, latent solvent (hexafluoroisopropanol) with specific anion‐philic and cation‐phobic properties is introduced, which can remarkably increase Zn(TFSI)2 solubility in water and induce anion‐containing solvation structures. The introduction of latent solvent enables anions to preferentially decompose, giving rise to an anion‐derived SEI layer. More interestingly, the direct anion‐cation interaction endows Zn2+ species with stepwise dehydration, minimizing the adsorption of water on Zn anode. The anion‐derived SEI layer and optimized de‐solvation process work in synergy to enable homogeneous Zn deposition and ensure high reversibility. When coupled with a NaV3O8·1.5H2O (NVO) cathode, the resultant full cell delivers a high‐capacity retention of 87.8% after 2000 cycles at 1 A g−1. This work provides valuable insights into the advanced latent solvent electrolyte design and beyond.