bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case study of modified interactions with symbionts in a hybrid mediterranean orchid
Authors: Schatz Bertrand , Geoffroy Alexandre , Dainat Benjamin , Bessière Jean‐Marie , Buatois Bruno , Hossaert‐McKey Martine , Selosse Marc‐André 
Published: July 2010

•Premise of the study: Most studies on orchid hybrids examine separately the effects of hybridization on interactions with pollinators or with mycorrhizal fungi. Here, we simultaneously investigated both interactions in the mediterranean food‐deceptiveOrchis simia,O. anthropophora, and their hybrid (O. ×bergonii) and tested a possible breakdown of coevolution using a multidisciplinary approach.•Methods: We compared leaf growth, seed viability, emitted scent, and mycorrhizal fungi (species and rate of infection) among these three taxa.•Key results: We show that leaf surface is greater in adult hybrids than in the parental species, suggesting a heterosis effect for vegetative growth. We demonstrate that flowers of the two parental species emit well‐differentiated bouquets of volatile organic compounds, while hybrids emit larger quantities, accumulating most compounds of the two parental species. However, hybrids fail to attract pollinators and have a 10 times lower fruit set. We determined that closely related Tulasnellales are mycorrhizal in the three taxa, suggesting that the mycorrhizal partner does not impair hybrid survival. We propose an interpretative model forO. ×bergoniicompared with its parents.•Conclusions: In hybrids, carbon resources normally devoted to reproduction may be reallocated to the mycorrhizal symbiosis as a result of the disruption of the pollination interaction in hybrids. Higher mycorrhizal infection may in turn enhance vegetative growth and scent emission. Such interplay between the two obligate biotic interactions yields new insights into hybridization among orchids.
The age and diversification of the angiosperms re‐revisited
Authors: Bell Charles D. , Soltis Douglas E. , Soltis Pamela S. 
Published: July 2010

• Premise of the study: It has been 8 years since the last comprehensive analysis of divergence times across the angiosperms. Given recent methodological improvements in estimating divergence times, refined understanding of relationships among major angiosperm lineages, and the immense interest in using large angiosperm phylogenies to investigate questions in ecology and comparative biology, new estimates of the ages of the major clades are badly needed. Improved estimations of divergence times will concomitantly improve our understanding of both the evolutionary history of the angiosperms and the patterns and processes that have led to this highly diverse clade.• Methods: We simultaneously estimated the age of the angiosperms and the divergence times of key angiosperm lineages, using 36 calibration points for 567 taxa and a “relaxed clock” methodology that does not assume any correlation between rates, thus allowing for lineage‐specific rate heterogeneity.• Key results: Based on the analysis for which we set fossils to fit lognormal priors, we obtained an estimated age of the angiosperms of 167–199 Ma and the following age estimates for major angiosperm clades: Mesangiospermae (139–156 Ma); Gunneridae (109–139 Ma); Rosidae (108–121 Ma); Asteridae (101–119 Ma).• Conclusions: With the exception of the age of the angiosperms themselves, these age estimates are generally younger than other recent molecular estimates and very close to dates inferred from the fossil record. We also provide dates for all major angiosperm clades (including 45 orders and 335 families [208 stem group age only, 127 both stem and crown group ages], sensu APG III). Our analyses provide a new comprehensive source of reference dates for major angiosperm clades that we hope will be of broad utility.
Population biology of two rare fern species: long life and long‐lasting stability
Authors: Bucharová Anna , Münzbergová Zuzana , Tájek Přemysl 
Published: July 2010

• Premise of the study: This study describes the population dynamics of two rare fern species and evaluates the prospects of their survival. This is the first detailed demography study of ferns using transition matrix models. The study species, Asplenium adulterinum and A. cuneifolium, are restricted to serpentine rocks and differ in ploidy level and partly in habitat requirements. Both species are of interest in nature conservation.• Methods: Single life‐history traits were evaluated and transition matrix models were used to describe the dynamics of the populations. Population growth rates, elasticity values, and life‐table response experiments were used to compare the dynamics between species, years, and different habitat types. Predicted population performance based on models was compared with real data on population growth.• Key Results: All populations of both species are growing. Stable stage distribution based on stochastic simulation corresponds to current stage distribution. The most critical phase of the life cycle is stasis of large adult plants. Reproduction is of low importance. Extinction probability of small populations is low. Mean life span of individuals of both species is 30–50 yr. When compared with real data, the model successfully predicted population performance over 10 yr.• Conclusion: Populations in the study region are not endangered, and current population dynamics are stable. Differences in life‐history traits between species, probability of extinction between species and habitat, and different ploidy—and, thus, probably different dispersal ability—suggest the existence of metapopulation dynamics.
Ligand‐Assisted Growth of 2D Perovskite Single Crystal for Highly Sensitive X‐Ray Detectors
Authors: Feng Xiaolong , Zhang Lu , Zhang Bobo , You Jiaxue , Li Kun , Zeng Hanqing , Wang Xiaofang , Dai Zhonghua , Jia Shilong , Bao Haibo , Wang Shujie , Liu Shengzhong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe emerging 2D layered perovskites have promising optoelectronic properties, good intrinsic stability and reduced ion migration, making them effective for detecting X‐ray radiation. However, their application is constrained by poor out‐of‐plane carrier transport. In this study, inch‐sized high‐quality CsPb2Br5 layered single crystals (SCs) are developed using an organic ligand‐assisted solution process. By modifying the surface energy, the anisotropy of crystal growth is conquered, resulting in CsPb2Br5 SCs with sufficient thickness for X‐ray detection. Importantly, this modification significantly enhanced the crystal quality as the grown CsPb2Br5 SCs exhibited longer photoluminescence lifetime and smaller trap density. Notably, the CsPb2Br5 SCs demonstrate unprecedented out‐of‐plane carrier transport, achieving a high carrier mobility‐lifetime product of 2.53 × 10−2 cm2V−1. This can be attributed to the small interlayer distance and the strong interlayer force of Cs─Br bonding. Furthermore, CsPb2Br5 SCs possess other intriguing attributes for X‐ray detection, including high bulk resistivity and outstanding thermal stability. These advantageous properties enable high‐performance vertical‐structure X‐ray detection with a superior sensitivity of up to 8865.6 µC Gyair−1cm−2 and a low detectable dose rate of 12.7 nGyairs−1. Additionally, CsPb2Br5 SCs exhibit high spatial resolution in X‐ray imaging and exceptional thermal stability, making them promising candidates for nondestructive determination.
Low Modulus Coupling Circuits: A Feasible Strategy for Achieving Highly Sensitive Linear Pressure Sensing in Fiber Crossbars
Authors: Qu Xiangyang , Zhang Shengming , Zhu Zixuan , Han Zhiliang , Li Jing , Deng Lili , Zhou Zhou , Zhang Tao , Guan Mengyao , Wang Huaping , Chen Shiyan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFiber crossbars are an emerging architecture in electronic devices, and they have become the favored fundamental units for state‐of‐the‐art smart textiles. Fiber crossbar sensors with high linearity can provide more realistic pressure feedback, faster circuit response time, and simpler data processing systems. However, due to the unique crossbar structure, replicating existing linear response strategies presents challenges. To address this issue, a fiber crossbar sensor is prepared that incorporates a low modulus coupling circuit (LCFS). The hollow conductive network significantly reduces the sensor's electrode modulus, thereby enhancing its initial sensitivity. The coupling of the parallel and series circuits within the fiber crossbar maintains a linear increase in capacitance. As a result, propelled by the low modulus coupling circuit, the LCFS achieves a highly sensitive linear response. This strategy, independent of intricate microstructures in dielectric layers, has significant implications for fiber crossbar sensor design. Experimental tests and theoretical analyses confirm the effectiveness of this linear response strategy. Because of its high sensitivity and linearity, the LCFS consistently generates reliable and discernible pulse signals, unaffected by pre‐pressures. This empowers the LCFS to recognize various pulse patterns in Chinese medicine, heralding promising applications in daily health monitoring.
A Living Microecological Hydrogel with Microbiota Remodeling and Immune Reinstatement for Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Yang Xiaopeng , Che Tingting , Tian Shasha , Zhang Yuanyuan , Zheng Yin , Zhang Yufei , Zhang Xinge , Wu Zhongming 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDysregulated skin microbiota and compromised immune responses are the major etiological factors for non‐healing diabetic wounds. Current antibacterial strategies fail to orchestrate immune responses and indiscriminately eradicate bacteria at the wound site, exacerbating the imbalance of microbiota. Drawing inspiration from the beneficial impacts that probiotics possess on microbiota, a living microecological hydrogel containing Lactobacillus plantarum and fructooligosaccharide (LP/FOS@Gel) is formulated to remodel dysregulated skin microbiota and reinstate compromised immune responses, cultivating a conducive environment for optimal wound healing. LP/FOS@Gel acts as an “evocator,” skillfully integrating the skin microecology, promoting the proliferation of Lactobacillus, Ralstonia, Muribaculum, Bacillus, and Allobaculum, while eradicating colonized pathogenic bacteria. Concurrently, LP/FOS@Gel continuously generates lactic acid to elicit a reparative macrophage response and impede the activation of the nuclear factor kappa‐B pathway, effectively alleviating inflammation. As an intelligent microecological system, LP/FOS@Gel reinstates the skin's sovereignty during the healing process and effectively orchestrates the harmonious dialogue between the host immune system and microorganisms, thereby fostering the healing of diabetic infectious wounds. These remarkable attributes render LP/FOS@Gel highly advantageous for pragmatic clinical applications.
Precursor‐Engineered Volatile Inks Enable Reliable Blade‐Coating of Cesium–Formamidinium Perovskites Toward Fully Printed Solar Modules
Authors: Du Tian , Rehm Viktor , Qiu Shudi , Pal Subhajit , Jang Dongju , Peng Zijian , Zhang Jiyun , Yuan Haozhen , Briscoe Joe , Heiss Wolfgang , Brabec Christoph J. , Egelhaaf Hans‐Joachim 
Published: May 2024

AbstractReliable fabrication of large‐area perovskite films with antisolvent‐free printing techniques requires high‐volatility solvents, such as 2‐methoxyethanol (2ME), to formulate precursor inks. However, the fabrication of high‐quality cesium–formamidinium (Cs–FA) perovskites has been hampered using volatile solvents due to their poor coordination with the perovskite precursors. Here, this issue is resolved by re‐formulating a 2ME‐based Cs0.05FA0.95PbI3 ink using pre‐synthesized single crystals as the precursor instead of the conventional mixture of raw powders. The key to obtaining high‐quality Cs–FA films lies in the removal of colloidal particles from the ink and hence the suppression of colloid‐induced heterogeneous nucleation, which kinetically facilitates the growth of as‐formed crystals toward larger grains and improved film crystallinity. Employing the precursor‐engineered volatile ink in the vacuum‐free, fully printing processing of solar cells (with carbon electrode), a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.3%, a T80 (80% of initial PCE) of 1000 h in ISOS‐L‐2I (85 °C/1 Sun) aging test and a substantially reduced bill of materials are obtained. The reliable coating methodology ultimately enables the fabrication of carbon‐electrode mini solar modules with a stabilized PCE of 16.2% (average 15.6%) representing the record value among the fully printed counterparts and a key milestone toward meeting the objectives for a scalable photovoltaic technology.
Durable and Active Nitrogen‐Coordinated Iron Single‐Atom Catalyst for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Through Carbon Encapsulation
Authors: Na Geumbi , Hwang Wonchan , Shin Heejong , Park Subin , Park Ji Eun , Lee Jongmin , Shin Yoojin , Choi Hosung , Shim Jaehyuk , Yeom Kyungbeen , Sung Yung‐Eun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSignificant advancements in the activity of nitrogen‐coordinated iron single‐atom catalysts (Fe–N–C) have attracted attention as potential alternatives to Pt‐based cathodes in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. However, their limited stability in acidic environments hinders their practical application. Moreover, achieving a synchronous enhancement of both the activity and stability of the Fe sites while preventing demetallation or carbon corrosion remains a formidable challenge. Herein, a synthesis method for Fe–N–C is introduced that exhibits remarkable durability, featuring a protective carbon encapsulation formed by applying an additional heterocyclic organic compound coating. It is demonstrated that stability can be enhanced by converting edge‐rich Fe sites into highly stable FeN4 moieties through precise control of the robustness and packing density of the carbon encapsulation. Furthermore, electrochemical redox behavior along with in situ spectroscopies and online differential electrochemical mass spectrometry provide insights into the structural characteristics of each Fe site and their stabilities. The accelerated stress testing and a long‐term test (>100 h) exhibit that the robust carbon encapsulation can successfully prevent corrosion of carbon support and ensure durable Fe sites during operation.
Defect‐Rich Graphdiyne Quantum Dots as Efficient Electron‐Donors for Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Ullah Wahid , Slassi Amine , Wang Cong , Paineau Erwan , Ha‐Thi Minh‐Huong , Pino Thomas , Halime Zakaria , Gayral Audrey , Vallet Maxime , Degrouard Jéril , Cornil Jérôme , Ghazzal Mohamed Nawfal 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDownsizing the graphdiyne (GDY) network to shape quantum dots (QDs) will provide attractive optical and electronic properties associated with quantum confinement and edge effects. Here, it is demonstrated that quantum confinement and defect introduction allow using GDY in donor–acceptor photocatalytic systems for solar‐to‐hydrogen conversion. The defect‐rich GDY QDs (GDYO‐QDs) exhibit a blue‐to‐green excitation‐dependent photoluminescence behavior, demonstrating their ability to harvest light over a wide energy range. Quantum‐chemical calculations evidenced an increase in the electronic bandgap of GDY upon quantum confinement and defect introduction without the appearance of trap states that can hamper charge transport properties. Such a unique optical behavior of QDs is used in photocatalytic hydrogen generation through the hybridization with TiO2 as a model photocatalyst. Theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that the donor−acceptor system tremendously boosts the photocatalytic performance, reaching 5288 µmol g−1 after 4 h of illumination at a constant rate of 1322 µmol g−1 h−1, using a low volume of a sacrificial electron donor (6% v/v). The QDs act as efficient chromophores harvesting UV and visible light while injecting electrons into the TiO2. This work opens a new area of using GDYO‐QDs as an efficient chromophore in developing donor–acceptor systems for photocatalysis and future photovoltaic devices.
Tuning Adsorbate‐Mediated Strong Metal‐Support Interaction by Oxygen Vacancy: A Case Study in Ru/TiO2
Authors: Li Juan , Zhang Lin , An Xingda , Feng Kai , Wang Xuchun , He Jiari , Huang Yang , Liu Jingjing , Zhang Liang , Yan Binhang , Li Chaoran , He Le 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe adsorbate‐mediated strong metal‐support interaction (A‐SMSI) offers a reversible means of altering the selectivity of supported metal catalysts, thereby providing a powerful tool for facile modulation of catalytic performance. However, the fundamental understanding of A‐SMSI remains inadequate and methods for tuning A‐SMSI are still in their nascent stages, impeding its stabilization under reaction conditions. Here, we report that the initial concentration of oxygen vacancy in oxide supports plays a key role in tuning the A‐SMSI between Ru nanoparticles and defected titania (TiO2‐x). Based on this new understanding, we demonstrate the in situ formation of A‐SMSI under reaction conditions, obviating the typically required CO2‐rich pretreatment. The as‐formed A‐SMSI layer exhibits remarkable stability at various temperatures, enabling excellent activity, selectivity and long‐term stability in catalyzing the reverse water gas‐shift reaction. This study deepens the understanding of the A‐SMSI and the ability to stabilize A‐SMSI under reaction conditions represents a key step for practical catalytic applications.
Coupling CO2 Reduction and Acetyl‐CoA Formation: The Role of a CO Capturing Tunnel in Enzymatic Catalysis
Authors: Ruickoldt Jakob , Jeoung Jae‐Hun , Rudolph Maik Alexander , Lennartz Frank , Kreibich Julian , Schomäcker Reinhard , Dobbek Holger 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe bifunctional CO‐dehydrogenase/acetyl‐CoA synthase (CODH/ACS) complex couples the reduction of CO2 to the condensation of CO with a methyl moiety and CoA to acetyl‐CoA. Catalysis occurs at two sites connected by a tunnel transporting the CO. In this study, we investigated how the bifunctional complex and its tunnel support catalysis using the CODH/ACS from Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans as a model. Although CODH/ACS adapted to form a stable bifunctional complex with a secluded substrate tunnel, catalysis and CO transport is even more efficient when two monofunctional enzymes are coupled. Efficient CO channeling appears to be ensured by hydrophobic binding sites for CO, which act in a bucket‐brigade fashion rather than as a simple tube. Tunnel remodeling showed that opening the tunnel increased activity but impaired directed transport of CO. Constricting the tunnel impaired activity and CO transport, suggesting that the tunnel evolved to sequester CO rather than to maximize turnover.
A Bichromophoric Approach to Induce Luminescence – A Blend of Experimental and Theoretical Studies
Authors: Gupta Rahat , Negi Anshul , Pal Amlan K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTwo homoleptic terpyridyl complexes of Ru(II), 1 and Fe(II), 2 were synthesized using a ligand L1 that contained a phenyl spacer between an anthracenyl (An) and a terpyridyl (tpy) moiety. An equilibrated‐bichromophoric strategy was adopted to induce photoluminescence in 1 and 2. A glimpse into the excited state photophysical properties of 1 and 2 revealed that 1 exhibited NIR emission at ~700 nm with an excited state lifetime components of 1.33 and 6.52 ns. On the other hand, 2 was found to be non‐luminescent. The origin of emission in case of 1 was attributed to the effect of phenyl spacer which rendered the 3An state to be nearly isoenergetic to the emissive 3MLCT state of 1 facilitating 3MLCT‐3An equilibrium. This fact was supported by experimental (photocurrent generation) and theoretical (potential energy diagram) evidences.
Environmental sustainability in health care: An empirical investigation of US hospitals
Authors: Han Sumin , Jeong Yeasung , Lee Kangbok , In Joonhwan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUnlike industrial sectors, quality of care is of critical importance in the healthcare sector. Accordingly, incorporating environmental sustainability into healthcare services poses a unique challenge since hospitals must strike a balance among service quality (i.e., clinical quality and patient experience), cost efficiency, and environmental footprints. However, much prior research has focused primarily on the financial benefits of environmental sustainability, mainly in industrial sectors. Environmental sustainability in relation to service quality remains an underexplored topic in literature. As such, it is still unclear whether a hospital's efforts toward environmental sustainability will pay off since the environmental sustainability mantra of “reduce, reuse, and recycle” may not be suitable for healthcare settings. Drawing upon the premise of a practice‐based view, we investigate environmental sustainability in relation to service quality and financial performance in the U.S. healthcare setting. Specifically, this study examines how a hospital's environmental practices impact its service quality and financial performance. Additionally, we examine whether a hospital's continued efforts toward environmental sustainability can generate enduring performance benefits. Overall, our analysis demonstrates the service quality and financial benefits of environmental sustainability in healthcare. However, persistent efforts only lead to enduring financial benefits, not service‐quality benefits.
Significance of Triazole in Medicinal Chemistry: Advancement in Drug Design, Reward and Biological Activity
Authors: Ajmal Mohammad , Mahato Arun Kumar , Khan Mausin , Rawat Shivani , Husain Asif , Almalki Emad Bakheet , Alzahrani Mohammed Ahmed , Haque Anzarul , Hakme Mohammed Japer Mohammed , Albalawi Ahmed Suleman , Rashid Mohammad 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOne of the triazole tautomers, 1,2,4‐triazole derivatives, has a wide range of biological activities that suggest its potential therapeutic utility in medicinal chemistry. These actions include anti‐inflammatory, anti‐cancer, anti‐bacterial, anti‐tuberculosis, and anti‐diabetic effects. Using computational simulations and models, we investigate the structure‐activity relationships of 1,2,4‐triazoles, showing how various modifications to the triazole core yield a variety of clinical therapeutic benefits. The review highlights the anti‐inflammatory effect of 1,2,4‐triazoles in relation to their ability to disrupt significant inflammatory mediators and pathways. We present in‐silico data that illuminate the triazoles′ capacity to inhibit cell division, encourage apoptosis, and stop metastasis in a range of cancer models. This review looks at the bactericidal and bacteriostatic properties of 1,2,4‐triazole derivatives, with a focus on their potential efficacy against multi‐drug resistant bacterial infections and their usage in tuberculosis therapy. In order to better understand these substances′ potential anti‐diabetic benefits, this review also looks at how they affect glucose metabolism regulation and insulin responsiveness. Coordinated efforts are required to translate the efficacy of 1,2,4‐triazole compounds in preclinical models into practical therapeutic benefits. Based on the information provided, it can be concluded that 1,2,4‐triazole derivatives are a promising class of diverse therapeutic agents with potential utility in a range of disorders. Their development and improvement might herald a new era of medical care that will be immensely advantageous to both patients and the medical community as a whole. This comprehensive research, which is further reinforced by in‐silico investigations, highlights the great medicinal potential of 1,2,4‐triazoles. Additionally, this study encourages more research into these substances and their enhancement for use in pharmaceutical development.