bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exciplex Formation and Excited State Deactivation of Difluoroborondipyrromethene (Bodipy) Dyads
Authors: Benniston Andrew C. , Copley Graeme , Lemmetyinen Helge , Tkachenko Nikolai V. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractTwo series of geometrically‐related dyads are discussed based on the difluoroborondipyrromethene (Bodipy) unit, and incorporating covalently attached hydroquinone/quinone groups. These units are anchored directly, or via a phenylene spacer, to the Bodipy core at the meso position in one series (BD‐MHQ, BD‐MQ, BD‐MPHQ, BD‐MPQ), but for the second series the attachment site is the 2‐position (BD‐SHQ, BD‐SQ, BD‐SPHQ, BD‐SPQ). The compounds show various levels of fluorescence depending on the oxidation state of the appended group and the substitution pattern. In non‐polar solvents such as toluene, diethyl ether and dichlorobenzene, the S1 state deactivation of the Bodipy unit in BD‐SPQ and BD‐MPQ is dominated by 1, 3exciplex formation, which has not been reported for Bodipy derivatives so far. In the latter molecule, the decay of the exciplex is divided between population of the Bodipy triplet state (13 %–21 %) and ground state reformation. This partitioning is not seen for the side‐on substituted derivative, BD‐SPQ, and only ground state reformation is observed following decay of the exciplex. This difference in behavior is explained by the radical‐pair inter‐system‐crossing mechanism, which more effectively operates in BD‐MPQ because of the orthogonality of the donor‐acceptor units. In the more polar solvent CH3CN all the quinone derivatives show fast formation of the charge‐separated state (kCS) followed by slower charge recombination (kCR). The ratio kCS/kCR≤80.
Phenotypic commitment of monocytes towards a protective hemoglobin scavenging phenotype (CD14posCD163highHLA‐DRlow) following cardiopulmonary bypass
Authors: Quimby Kim R. , Greenidge Andre , Harris Anthony , Landis R. Clive 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackground:Intravascular hemolysis may cause tissue injury directly or via a systemic inflammatory response. Under physiological conditions, extracorpuscular hemoglobin (Hb) is bound by haptoglobin (Hp) and the complex internalized via the hemoglobin scavenger receptor CD163 on monocytes, prior to catabolism via heme‐oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1). Recently, a novel subset of CD68posCD163highHLA‐DRlow macrophages with high expression of HO‐1 was recognized in hemorrhagic areas of atherosclerotic plaques, distinct from CD68posCD163lowHLA‐DRhigh foam cell macrophages with low‐ HO‐1 content. Considering the hemolytic insult during CPB, we hypothesized that an equivalent compensatory CD163highHLA‐DRlow phenotype will evolve in circulating CD14pos monocytes post surgery.Methods:Twelve patients undergoing elective surgery with CPB were enrolled with informed consent. Whole‐blood samples were collected in EDTA at predetermined time‐points, pre‐ intra‐, and postoperatively. Whole‐blood was evaluated by three‐color flow cytometry for expression of CD14, CD163, and HLA‐DR; CD14pos cells were also permeabilized to detect intracellular HO‐1 protein. Plasma [Hp‐Hb] concentration was determined by ELISA.Results:A striking phenotypic switch from CD163lowHLA‐DRhigh preoperatively to CD163highHLA‐DRlow postoperatively at 24 h was observed on circulating CD14pos monocytes. Intracellular HO‐1 protein was also significantly up‐regulated at 24 h after declamping. These phenotypic changes were preceded by peak Hb‐Hp levels observed at 2 h.Conclusion:We have shown for the first time, a phenotypic commitment of monocytes towards a protective CD14posCD163highHLA‐DRlow population with increased intracellular HO‐1 occurring in the circulation during the recovery phase of CPB. These findings have implications for monitoring of anti‐inflammatory interventions and linkage to clinical outcomes. © 2010 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Generation and characterization of Atoh1‐Cre knock‐in mouse line
Authors: Yang Hua , Xie Xiaoling , Deng Min , Chen Xiaowei , Gan Lin 
Published: April 2010

AbstractAtoh1 encodes a basic helix‐loop‐helix (bHLH) transcription factor required for the development of the inner ear sensory epithelia, the dorsal spinal cord, brainstem, cerebellum, and intestinal secretory cells. In this study, to create a genetic tool for the research on gene function in the ear sensory organs, we generated an Atoh1‐Cre knock‐in mouse line by replacing the entire Atoh1 coding sequences with the Cre coding sequences. Atoh1Cre/+ mice were viable, fertile, and displayed no visible defects whereas the Atoh1Cre/Cre mice died perinatally. The spatiotemporal activities of Cre recombinase were examined by crossing Atoh1‐Cre mice with the R26R‐lacZ conditional reporter mice. Atoh1‐Cre activities were detected in the developing inner ear, the hindbrain, the spinal cord, and the intestine. In the inner ear, Atoh1‐Cre activities were confined to the sensory organs in which lacZ expression is detected in nearly all of the hair cells and in many supporting cells. Thus, Atoh1‐Cre mouse line serves as a useful tool for the functional study of genes in the inner ear. In addition, our results demonstrate that Atoh1 is expressed in the common progenitors destined for both hair and supporting cells. genesis 48:407–413, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Off the Back or on the Side: Comparison of meso and 2‐Substituted Donor‐Acceptor Difluoroborondipyrromethene (Bodipy) Dyads
Authors: Benniston Andrew C. , Copley Graeme , Lemmetyinen Helge , Tkachenko Nikolai V. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe preparation of several difluoroborondipyrromethene (Bodipy) dyads is described incorporating covalently attached hydroquinone/quinone groups at the 2‐position (BD‐SHQ, BD‐SQ, BD‐SPHQ, BD‐SPQ). The compounds, currently under investigation as chemical sensors for reactive oxygen species, show various levels of fluorescence depending on the oxidation state of the appended group. The 19F NMR spectrum for BD‐SHQ in CDCl3 at room temperature reveals the two fluorines are inequivalent on the NMR timescale. In contrast, the 19F NMR spectrum for the counterpart quinone compound, BD‐SQ, is consistent with two equivalent fluorine atoms. The two results are interpreted as the quinone is free to rotate around the connector bond, whereas this motion is restricted for the hydroquinone group and makes the fluorines chemically inequivalent. Cyclic voltammograms recorded for all derivatives in CH2Cl2 electrolyte solution are consistent with typical Bodipy‐based redox chemistry; the potentials of which depend on factors such as presence of the phenylene spacer and oxidation state of the appended group. A comparison of the electrochemical behaviour with the counterpart meso derivatives reveals some interesting trends which are associated with the location of the HOMO/LUMOs. The absorption profiles for the compounds in CH3CN are again consistent with Bodipy‐based derivatives, though there are some subtle differences in the band‐shapes of the closely‐coupled systems. In particular, the absorption spectra for the dyad, BD‐SQ, in a wide range of solvents are appreciably broader than for BD‐SHQ. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy performed on the hydroquinone derivatives, BD‐SHQ and its meso analogue is interpreted as electron transfer occurs from the hydroquinone unit to the first‐excited singlet (S1) state of the Bodipy center, followed by ultrafast charge recombination to reinstate the ground state. The coupling of OH vibrations to the return electron transfer process is invoked to explain the lack of clear identification of the charge‐separated state in the transient records.
Great oaks from giant acorns grow: How causal‐impact judgments depend on the strength of a cause
Authors: Fiedler Klaus , Freytag Peter , Unkelbach Christian 
Published: April 2010

AbstractCausal impact is maximal when weak causes have strong effects. Do people understand this logic when they assess causal impact? In four experiments, participants judged the causal impact of strong or weak dietary treatments leading to strong or weak health effects in fictitious health studies. Rather than following the ratio of effect strength to treatment strength, judgments were influenced by three aspects of the detectability of a cause–effect relation. First, because detectability depends on the effect being strong more than on the cause being subtle, causal judgments were mainly determined by effect strength, whereas the strength of the causal treatment necessary to induce an effect was often neglected. Second, if causal input was not ignored, judgments increased when the maximal covariation between a strong causal treatment and a strong effect rendered the causal link most detectable. Or, third, causal judgments increased when a plausible causal schema facilitated detection. Consistent with sampling models of judgment and decision making, causal‐impact ratings were driven by an uncritical assessment of a detectable difference in a study sample. However, ratings were insensitive to the logical implications of the underlying causal treatment that was necessary to induce a detectable effect. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modeling the Electrochemical Response of Mesoporous Materials Toward Its Application to Biomolecular Detection
Authors: Peinetti Ana Sol , González Graciela A. , Battaglini Fernando 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe performance of an electrochemical sensor based on the ability of a probe to cross a mesoporous membrane partially blocked by an analyte is predicted using a numerical model. The system comprehends a membrane placed close to the working electrode and the signal is generated by applying square wave voltammetry. The digital simulation allows comparing the responses for different situations regarding the way in which the membrane is blocked by the sample. The developed model is compared with experimental results. The effect of the sizes of the pore, analyte and probe on the system response is evaluated.
Direct Electrochemistry and Bioelectrocatalysis of Microperoxidase‐11 Immobilized on Chitosan‐Graphene Nanocomposite
Authors: Zhou Yi , Liu Shi , Jiang Hui‐Jun , Yang Hui , Chen Hong‐Yuan 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA bioelectrochemical platform has been constructed for the direct electron transfer and biosensing purposes of microperoxidase‐11 (MP‐11) immobilized on the chitosan dispersed multilayer graphene nanocomposite. The immobilized MP‐11 at the modified gold electrode displays a well‐defined and quasireversible redox peaks, with a formal potential of −0.38 V/SCE in a buffer solution (pH 7.0). MP‐11 absorbed on the electrode surface exhibits high electrocatalytic activity toward the reduction of both oxygen and hydrogen peroxide and also shows good analytical performance for the amperometric detection of H2O2 with a linear range from 2.5 to 135 μM. These results indicate the graphene modified electrode might be used as a third generation biosensor for H2O2 detection.
Measuring properties for material decomposition modeling
Authors: Lattimer Brian Y. , Ouellette Jason , Trelles Javier 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThermal properties were measured on coupon size samples for use in predicting the temperature response and mass transfer during fires exposures. The thermal properties were determined up to temperatures of 800°C through inverse heat transfer analysis on temperature response and mass loss data. Temperature response and mass loss data were determined using a high heat flux decomposition apparatus with controlled oxygen environment. Data included thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, and density as a function of temperature as well as heat of decomposition and Arrhenius kinetic decomposition constants. Properties for inert materials (no decomposition) compared well with manufacturer reported values and values using other methods. Properties for two decomposing materials, woven glass vinyl ester composite and balsa wood, were measured and compared well with data from other methods. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A prospective randomized 14‐year follow‐up study of bioactive glass and autogenous bone as bone graft substitutes in benign bone tumors
Authors: Lindfors Nina C. , Koski Ilona , Heikkilä Jouni T. , Mattila Kimmo , Aho Allan J. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA prospective randomized long‐term follow‐up study of bioactive glass (BG)‐S53P4 and autogenous bone (AB) used as bone graft substitutes in benign bone tumor surgery during 1993–1997 was conducted. Twenty‐one patients (11 in the BG group, 10 in the AB group) participated in a 14‐year follow‐up. X‐rays and MRI scans were obtained, and in the BG group, CT scans were also performed. In the BG group, the filled cavity had a dense appearance on X‐ray. MRI showed a mainly or partly fatty bone marrow, and in the large bone tumor group, remnants of glass granules were also observed. Increased cortical thickness was seen in nonossifying fibromas and enchondromas. BG‐S53P4 is a safe and well‐tolerated bone substitute with good long‐term results. BG‐S53P4 does not disturb the growth of bone in children. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010.
Conserved regions from Plasmodium falciparum MSP11 specifically interact with host cells and have a potential role during merozoite invasion of red blood cells
Authors: Obando‐Martinez Ana Zuleima , Curtidor Hernando , Vanegas Magnolia , Arévalo‐Pinzón Gabriela , Patarroyo Manuel Alfonso , Patarroyo Manuel Elkin 
Published: April 2010

AbstractDespite significant global efforts, a completely effective vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum, the species responsible for the most serious form of malaria, has not been yet obtained. One of the most promising approaches consists in combining chemically synthesized minimal subunits of parasite proteins involved in host cell invasion, which has led to the identification of peptides with high binding activity (named HABPs) to hepatocyte and red blood cell (RBC) surface receptors in a large number of sporozoite and merozoite proteins, respectively. Among these proteins is the merozoite surface protein 11 (MSP11), which shares important structural and immunological features with the antimalarial vaccine candidates MSP1, MSP3, and MSP6. In this study, 20‐mer‐long synthetic peptides spanning the complete sequence of MSP11 were assessed for their ability to bind specifically to RBCs. Two HABPs with high ability to inhibit invasion of RBCs in vitro were identified (namely HABPs 33595 and 33606). HABP‐RBC bindings were characterized by means of saturation assays and Hill analysis, finding cooperative interactions of high affinity for both HABPs (nH of 1.5 and 1.2, Kd of 800 and 600 nM for HABPs 33595 and 33606, respectively). The nature of the possible RBC receptors for MSP11 HABPs was studied in binding assays to enzyme‐treated RBCs and cross‐linking assays, finding that both HABPs use mainly a sialic acid‐dependent receptor. An analysis of the immunological, structural and polymorphic characteristics of MSP11 HABPs supports including these peptides in further studies with the aim of designing a fully effective protection‐inducing vaccine against malaria. J. Cell. Biochem. 110: 882–892, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Conditions with high intracellular glucose inhibit sensing through glucose sensor Snf3 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Karhumaa Kaisa , Wu Boqian , Kielland‐Brandt Morten C. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractGene expression in micro‐organisms is regulated according to extracellular conditions and nutrient concentrations. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, non‐transporting sensors with high sequence similarity to transporters, that is, transporter‐like sensors, have been identified for sugars as well as for amino acids. An alternating‐access model of the function of transporter‐like sensors has been previously suggested based on amino acid sensing, where intracellular ligand inhibits binding of extracellular ligand. Here we studied the effect of intracellular glucose on sensing of extracellular glucose through the transporter‐like sensor Snf3 in yeast. Sensing through Snf3 was determined by measuring degradation of Mth1 protein. High intracellular glucose concentrations were achieved by using yeast strains lacking monohexose transporters which were grown on maltose. The apparent affinity of extracellular glucose to Snf3 was measured for cells grown in non‐fermentative medium or on maltose. The apparent affinity for glucose was lowest when the intracellular glucose concentration was high. The results conform to an alternating‐access model for transporter‐like sensors. J. Cell. Biochem. 110: 920–925, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A nice arrangement of heterodoxies: William Mcdougall and the professionalization of psychical research
Authors: Asprem Egil 
Published: April 2010

AbstractJoseph Banks Rhine (1895–1980) is usually considered the founder of modern professional parapsychology. Through his work at Duke University in the 1930s, he established a working research program (in the Lakatosian sense) for the controversial discipline, setting down various methodological standards and experimental procedures. Despite Rhine's clear and important influence on modern parapsychology, this article argues that he came to a stage that had already been set. Adopting recent theoretical advances in the study of scientific professionalization, it is argued that Rhine's mentor, the controversial British psychologist William McDougall (1871–1938), has a stronger claim to the parenthood of modern parapsychology than is typically recognized. Following McDougall's attempts to carve out and establish an institutional space for professionalized psychical research in 1920s America, furthermore, takes us to little explored connections between psychical research, Lamarckism, neo‐vitalism and policies of eugenics. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
γ‐Form Transcrystals of Poly(propylene) Induced by Individual Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Zhang Shanju , Lin Wei , Zhu Lingbo , Wong Ching‐Ping , Bucknall David G. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractCNT‐induced formation of transcrystals of γ‐PP are reported. Formation of these transcrystals occurred when PP was infiltrated into nanotube aerogel fibers to form polymer nanocomposites. The PP morphology and microstructure with particular focus on the interfacial region of the CNTs were investigated by means of SEM, DSC and WAXD. The transcrystalline supramolecular microstructures were observed around the individual nanotubes during quiescent melting crystallization. Microstructural analysis showed that γ‐form transcrystals of PP dominate the overall interfacial structure. The content of γ‐form transcrystals increased with increase in nanotube loading. The mechanical properties and electrical conductivities of the nanocomposites have been evaluated.magnified image
Prevalence of restless legs syndrome in blood donors
Authors: Arunthari Vichaya , Kaplan Joseph , Fredrickson Paul A. , Lin Siong‐Chi , Castillo Pablo R. , Heckman Michael G. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIron deficiency anemia has been linked to restless legs syndrome (RLS) and regular blood donation may lead to iron deficiency. It has been reported that blood donations may be associated with RLS. A recent study from Sweden found that 25% of the women donors were affected by RLS. However, this type of study has not been replicated in the United States. We conducted a study in our blood donation unit between September and October 2008. To identify those with RLS, we used the RLS diagnostic index questionnaire by Benes et al. The proportion of blood donors with RLS was estimated and the number of blood donations and hemoglobin levels were compared according to RLS status. One hundred and fifty one patients were interviewed; 7 patients who donated only platelets were excluded, leaving 144 patients for analysis. There were 13 (9.0%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.9–14.9%) patients with RLS. Of these, 7 (4.9%, 95% CI: 2.0–9.8%) had possible RLS and 6 (4.2%, 95% CI: 1.5–8.9%) had major or clinically relevant RLS. There was no dramatic association between RLS and number of blood donations or hemoglobin level (all P ≥ 0.21). In our sample of blood donors in the United States, the prevalence of major RLS was 4%. We could not demonstrate an association between RLS and the frequency of blood donation or hemoglobin level in our relatively small sample; a larger sample is needed to better identify any associations. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Lowered cardiac sympathetic nerve performance in response to exercise in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Nakamura Tomohiko , Hirayama Masaaki , Yamashita Fumitada , Uchida Kei , Hama Tetsuo , Watanabe Hirohisa , Sobue Gen 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe examined whether cardiac sympathetic denervation influences the cardiovascular response to exercise in Parkinson's disease (PD). Sixteen patients with PD were divided into two groups, according to their cardiac uptake of 123I‐metaiodobenzylguanidine (denervated group, 10 patients with heart to mediastinum (H/M) ratio < 1.7; innervated group, six patients with H/M ratio > 1.7) and compared changes in blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and cardiac contractility with 13 control subjects during ergometric exercise stress. Velocity index (VI), an indicator of cardiac contractility, was measured using impedance cardiography and recorded every minute. Exercise began at a power output of 20 W for the first 2 min and increased 10 W every 2 min to a maximal intensity of 60 W. All control subjects accomplished the procedure while six patients with PD could not continue after the first minute of 50 W loading. There were no significant differences in BP or HR change between the three groups. However, a significant reduction in VI was observed from the first minute of the 30 W workload in the denervated group compared to the control group. This lowered response continued till 50 W loading and was significantly different to the innervated group at 50 W loading. No significant VI changes were observed between the control and innervated groups throughout the exercise test. Patients with PD with reduced MIBG uptake had a lowered cardiac contractility than innervated subjects during exercise, suggesting that this response represents theimpaired exercise capacity of patients with PD with cardiac sympathetic denervation. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
SQSQh: 1H‐detected SQ–SQ experiment for determination of signed silicon–carbon coupling constants
Authors: Blechta Vratislav , Schraml Jan 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA new variant of SQ–SQ pulse sequence (SQSQh) for relative sign determination and detection of small silicon–carbon couplings over more than one bond is presented. In the SQSQh sequence, proton detection replaces carbon detection used in the original SQ–SQ pulse sequence (SQSQc). The theoretical gain in sensitivity was experimentally tested on two samples (trimethylsiloxyethane, 1, and 1,2,4‐tris(trimethylsiloxy)benzene, 2), the experimentally found gain provided by the SQSQh over the SQSQc method varied between 6 and 8. The method can be applied to linear spin systems, i.e. to systems where the silicon is coupled to the carbon in question and to any hydrogen not necessarily bonded to the carbon. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structural elucidation and NMR assignments of four aromatic lactones from a mangrove endophytic fungus (No. GX4‐1B)
Authors: Huang Hongbo , Li Qing , Feng Xiaojun , Chen Bin , Wang Jun , Liu Lan , She Zhigang , Lin Yongcheng 
Published: April 2010

AbstractTwo new aromatic lactones, 6‐hydroxy‐4‐hydroxymethyl‐8‐methoxy‐3‐ methylisocoumarin (1) and 1,10‐dihydroxy‐8‐methyl‐dibenz[b, e]oxepin‐6,11‐dione (2), together with two known compounds, 1,10‐dihydroxy‐dibenz[b, e]oxepin‐6,11‐dione (3) and 3‐hydroxymethyl‐6,8‐dimethoxycoumarin (4), were isolated from a mangrove endophytic fungus (No. GX4‐1B) collected from the South China Sea. Their structures were elucidated and the data of 1H and 13C NMR were assigned completely by HREIMS, 1D and 2D NMR experiments including HMQC, HMBC and NOESY. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.