bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased adherence to influenza vaccination among family paediatricians of the Palermo Local Health Authority, Italy: a study on safety and compliance of Nasal Spray Live Attenuated influenza quadrivalent vaccine (qLAIV)
Authors: Costantino Claudio , Tramuto Fabio , Bonaccorso Nicole , Giudice Maria Carmela Lo , Balsamo Francesco , Carubia Alessandro , D'Azzo Luciano , Fruscione Santo , Sciortino Martina , Vitello Tania , Zagra Luigi , Pieri Alessia , Rizzari Rosaria , Serra Gregorio , Palermo Mario , Randazzo Maria Angela , Palmeri Sara , Asciutto Rosario , Corsello Giovanni , Graziano Giorgio , Maida Carmelo Massimo , Mazzucco Walter , Vitale Francesco 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Influenza represents a serious public health threat, especially for the management of severe cases and complications of the disease, requiring the implementation of control measures. We aimed to assess the acceptance and impact of qLAIV vaccination among a representative sample of family paediatricians (FPs) operating in Palermo Local Health Authority (LHA). To this end we evaluated vaccination coverage rates, comparing it with that observed in Sicilian context, while actively monitoring possible adverse reactions and their severity.
Methods: An observational descriptive non-controlled study was conducted in two phases, from September 2022 to June 2023. The first phase involved a formative and educational intervention with a pre-intervention questionnaire to assess the knowledge and attitudes of FPs on paediatric influenza vaccination. The second phase consisted of an active surveillance on qLAIV safety and acceptance among the paediatric population assisted by the participating FPs, from October 2022 to April 2023. Frequencies, chi-squared tests, and comparisons statistics were performed using Stata/MP 14.1.
Results: The overall coverage rate among the paediatric population involved in the intervention was 13.2%, with an I.M./qLAIV ratio of vaccine administered of 1/4.25. This coverage rate was significantly higher (p-value <0.001) when compared to the average values reported in the population under the Palermo Local Health Authority (LHA) (6.7%) and in the entire Sicily (5.9%). Adverse events in the qLAIV group were mild, with only 3.3% experiencing them, primarily presenting as a feverish rise (3.2%). No severe adverse reaction was reported.
Conclusions: The educational intervention significantly raised paediatric influenza vaccination rates among the participating FPs, and in general improved influenza vaccination coverage rates in the Palermo’s LHU. Minimal, non-serious adverse events underscored the vaccine's safety. Training sessions ensured paediatricians stayed informed, enabling them to provide comprehensive information to parents for secure and informed vaccination decisions in their practices.
Harmful Brain Activity Classification of Spectrograms with Transfer Deep Learning
Authors: Ganesan Sambhu , Kiran Yajat Nagaraj , Ram Shanker 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Electroencephalograms are medical tests used by doctors to determine any irregular brain activity in patients. The drawn-out process of manually classifying each of these signals can be time-consuming, costly, and even subjective among neurologists. We make use of the HMS dataset to classify spectrograms of brain activity into one of six abnormal brain activities. By applying basic data preprocessing techniques, we show the potential and power of using signal processing techniques like the Short-Time Fourier Transform and the Continuous Wavelet Transform in creating an accurate prediction model. By training on images of spectrograms and EEG signal plots, we create a three-model ensemble that can accurately predict brain abnormalities, easing the load off physicians. Our research showcases the potential of transforms in signal processing tasks
Categorising content of Paris Agreement NDCs through computational linguistics
Authors: Savin Ivan , King Lewis , Bergh Jeroen van den 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Parties to the Paris Agreement have submitted nationally determined contributions (NDCs) stating their mitigation goals. NDCs vary considerably among countries in length, format and content. Despite the depth of information in NDCs, existing research has focused on mitigation targets, which occupy a small fraction of texts. We undertake systematic analysis of the full textual content of all countries’ NDC documents using natural language processing, allowing the classification of information and objective identification of differences in aims, strategies and policies. Seven broad topic groups emerge, such as development, implementation, and stakeholders, along with 21 constituent topics with sustainable development being the largest. We find that parties devoting a larger share of their NDC to core mitigation topics tend to have more ambitious emission reduction targets. Our results warrant deeper consideration of NDC content to establish best practices, ensuring communication of concrete policies to improve credibility and transparency of national climate plans.
Application Value of CEUS LI-RADS v.2017 in Focal Liver Lesions of Patients with a High Risk for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Huihui , Yang Dan , Wang Huihui , Hu Jin Ming 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This goal of this research is to investigate the practical value with regards to the data system (LI-RADS) v.2017 as well as contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) liver imaging reporting for focal liver lesions (FLLs) in patients at high-risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Method
The research included 127 high risk patients with HCC, comprising a total of 148 FLLs. All lesions were verified through pathology. Relying on CEUS LI-RADS v.2017, two independent radiologists categorized the lesions and evaluated inter-observer agreement by Cohen’s kappa. Finally, the classification of inconsistent lesions was discussed and agreed upon. The diagnostic accuracy of each classification was calculated based on the pathological results.
Results
The cohort included 108 males and 19 females, aged 37–82 (mean = 59.93 ± 10.09) years, with a lesion size range of 0.8–15 (mean = 3.95 ± 2.88) cm. Through the Kappa test, the interobserver agreement was high in the classification of FLLs (ĸ = 0.670, P = 0.000). Of the 148 FLLs, 4 and 3 lesions were categorized as an LR-1 and LR-2, correspondingly, all of which were pathologically benign. 6 lesions were categorised as an LR-3, comprising 3 benign and 3 malignant lesions. The diagnostic accuracy of benign versus malignant lesions was approximately 50%. 18 lesions were categorised as LR-4 including 13 malignant lesions (13/18, 72.22%); 102 lesions were categorized as LR-5, with 101 pathologically confirmed malignant lesions (101/102, 99.02%); 8 lesions were categorized as LR-TIV and all of them were malignant; finally, 7 lesions were classified LR-M and with 5 confirmed malignancies (5/7, 71.43%).
Conclusions
LR1/2 and LR4/5/TIV/M demonstrated a high degree of diagnostic accuracy for the delineation between benign and malignant lesions respectively. The classification criteria demonstrated reliable interobserver consistency for the classification of FLLs.
Integrated factors associated with ostomy patients’ self management behaviors and peristomal skin complications using structural equation model: a cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China
Authors: Ma Lili , Zhang Yajuan , lv Guifen , Zhuang Huiren , Zhang Weiying , Jiang Hui 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Peristomal skin complications are major problems for ostomy patients. Social support, self efficacy and self management behaviors are vital for ostomy patients. The objective of this study is to explore the interrelationships of social support, self efficacy and self management behaviors among ostomy patients with peristomal skin complications.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 265 ostomy patients from Shanghai, China, using a questionnaire survey including the Chronic Disease Self-Management Study Program (CDSSP), Self-efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease (SEMCD-6), and Medical Outcomes Study-Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS).
Results
Out of 265 ostomy patients, 184 (69.43%) did not have PSCs while 81 (30.57%) did. Significant differences (P<0.01) were observed in social support (MOS-SSS) and self-management behaviors (CDSSP) between ostomy patients with and without PSCs, with no significant difference in self-efficacy (SEMCD-6). The model fit statistics showed χ2/DF = 1.38; GFI = 0.973, CFI = 0.985, and RMSEA = 0.038. Social support positively predicted self-efficacy (β = 0.31, P<0.01), self-efficacy predicted self-management behaviors (β = 0.35, P<0.01), and social support predicted self-management behaviors (β = 0.32, P<0.01). Mediation analysis revealed that social support influences self-management behaviors through self-efficacy (mediation effect = 0.110, 95% CI = 0.019–0.250).
Conclusion
Social support and self-efficacy play significant roles in the self-management behaviors of ostomy patients, highlighting the importance of healthcare professionals recognizing predictors for PSCs management and providing support to vulnerable ostomy patients.
An Efficient Technique for Sharing Secret Information
Authors: Singh Upasana , SINGH V B 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Bhardwaj[11] has recently proposed a method for reversible data hiding in a cover image, which has a very high data hiding capacity. This technique sometimes does not work properly. Singh-Singh[12] has overcome its limitation, which also has very good data hiding capacity. We find that the Singh-Singh’s method does not hide the confidential data in all pixels. We improve the Singh-Singh’s method so that it can hide the secret data in all image pixels if required. Our proposed method can hide 2.49 bits of confidential data in a byte, whereas the Singh-Singh’s method can hide 2.24 bits of confidential data in a byte.
Association of Wide Pulse Pressure with Coronary Collateral Flow in Patients with ST- Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Yılmaz Cemalettin , Şengör Büşra Güvendi , Karaduman Ahmet , Tiryaki Muhammet , Kültürsay Barkın , unkun tuba , Zehir Regayip 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Coronary collateral flow (CCF) plays a protective role in myocardial viability. Pulse pressure (PP) is defined as the difference between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), has been associated with various cardiovascular diseases. However, the relationship between wide PP (WPP) and CCF in ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients remains limited. Our objective was to assess how WPP impacts CCF in patients with STEMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (p-PCI). This retrospective, single center study included 1180 STEMI patients underwent p-PCI in a tertiary healthcare center between 2021 and 2023. Patients were classified into two groups (good and poor CCF) based on the CCF status (Rentrop 0 and 1: poor CCF; Rentrop 2 and 3: good CCF). WPP was defined as PP ≥ 65 mmHg. Multivariable logistic regression included two distinct models was used to identify independent predictors of good CCF. A total of 272 patients (23.1%) were assigned to good CCF group while 908 patients (76.9%) were categorized into the poor CCF group. WPP was identified a negative independent predictor for good CCF (OR: 0.511, 95% CI: 0.334–0.783, p = 0.002). Moreover, diabetes mellitus, pre-infarction angina, Killip class III/IV, multivessel disease, and pre-TIMI (thrombolysis in myocardial infarction) flow 0 were also found to be independent predictors of CCF. WPP, derived from blood pressure measurements was associated with CCF in STEMI patients undergoing p-PCI. Moreover, in contrast to SBP, DBP, mean arterial pressure, and even PP, WPP was found to predict poor CCF.
Exploring Citation and Author Collaboration Network with Graph Database
Authors: Yadav Jyoti , Bhandari Mayuri , Nikam Punam 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

There are several research papers available online that span a wide range of disciplines. Researchers are using this data through search engines, digital libraries and professional networks. To make effective use of this data we propose building a citation network consisting of papers, authors and citations. Complex queries based on connections can be best handled by graph databases like Neo4j. Neo4j is a graph database that is specially designed for interconnected data. Neo4j represents data in the form of nodes and relationships and uses Cypher query language for CRUD (CREATE, READ, UPDATE and DELETE) operations. The proposed study, uses DBLP citation dataset to model citation and author collaboration networks using Neo4j. The expressiveness of Cypher query language in extracting insights from vast bibliographic data has been explored. The citation and author collaboration networks are analyzed to identify influential papers, influential authors, co-author networks, and to compute researcher’s impact metrics.
Utilizing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) for Persimmon Irrigation Decision-Making: A Case Study in the Gojo Yoshino Region, Nara Prefecture, Japan
Authors: Okayama Atsushi , Yamamoto Atsushi , Kimura Masaomi , Matsuno Yutaka 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to develop and evaluate a model for persimmon irrigation decision-making using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) based on leaf image data. Data comprising leaf images collected in the field and corresponding soil moisture measurements were gathered from the Gojo Yoshino region, recognized as the primary persimmon-producing area in Nara Prefecture, Japan's second-largest persimmon-producing prefecture. The findings demonstrate that the constructed CNN model can successfully identify water stress levels in persimmon trees from leaf image data. However, there are limitations to the model's performance and scopes for improving accuracy. The model's capability enables remote irrigation decision-making by integrating field-acquired leaf images into edge devices for on-site processing. When integrated with ongoing developments in remote irrigation systems, this technology has the potential to automate irrigation practices, thereby offering substantial labor-saving benefits.
Effectiveness of radiation shields to minimize operator dose in the bronchoscopy suite: a phantom study and clinical cases
Authors: Jeon Hosang , Kim Dong Woon , Joo Ji Hyeon , Ki Yongkan , Kang Suk-Woong , Shin Won Chul , Yoon Seong Hoon , Kim Yun Seong , Yong Seung Hyun , Chung Hyun Sung , Lee Taehoon , Seol Hee Yun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The purpose of this study was to 1) evaluate the effectiveness of radiation shields to minimize radiation exposure to the bronchoscopist location in a phantom study and 2) determine the dose of radiation exposure to medical staff with radiation shields in clinical cases.
Methods
To mimic bronchoscopic operations, an anthropomorphic torso phantom was positioned on the fluoroscopic table between the C-arm X-ray tube and the image detector. A combination of upper body lead shields and lower body lead shields was placed to examine the effectiveness of radiation shielding. Scatter radiation rates were assessed at a primary operator location using real-time dosimeters with and without the presence of protective devices. In clinical cases, the radiation exposure of the primary operator and main assistant was measured using wearable radiation dosimeters during 20 cases of procedures under the combination of upper body and lower body lead shields.
Results
In the phantom study, the scattered radiation without shielding were 266.34 ± 8.86 µSv/hr in the glabella level, 483.90 ± 8.01 µSv/hr in the upper thorax level, 143.97 ± 8.20 µSv/hr in the hypogastrium level, and 7.22 ± 0.28 µSv/hr in the ankle level, respectively. The combination of upper body and lower body lead shields reduced the radiation exposure by 98.7%, 98.3%, 66.2%, and 79.9% in the glabella, upper thorax, hypogastrium, and ankle levels in the phantom study, respectively. The mean exposure rates and their standard deviations from 20 clinical cases were 0.14 ± 0.05 µSv/procedure at the bronchoscopist’s eye, 0.46 ± 0.51 µSv/procedure at the bronchoscopist’s chest, 0.67 ± 0.50µSv/procedure at the bronchoscopist’s hypogastrium, and 1.57 ± 2.84 µSv/procedure at the assistant’s wrist, respectively.
Conclusions
1) Combination of radiation shields significantly reduces radiation exposure in the operator site in the phantom study. And 2) the radiation exposure to medical staff during bronchoscopy can be kept at a low level with the aid of a shielding system.
An Observational study to evaluate the quality of life among End Stage Kidney Disease from South India
Authors: Nithya R , Jaganathan Vennila , Krishna Veena Natti , Nayak Megha Nagaraj , Josten Kripa , Jenitha K. Esther 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Quality of life (QoL) is comprehensive and multidimensional, encompassing both the physical and mental well-being of an individual. Researchers often consider QoL to be an indicator of psychosocial well-being. This research evaluated the associations between sociodemographic variables that impact QoL in patients with CKD-ESKD and variations in blood parameters before and after hemodialysis. The selected participants completed the KDQOL-SF-36 questionnaire, which assessed their QoL, and a 3-month follow-up was performed. With the patients' consent, blood samples were collected and monitored at baseline and after three months. Statistical analysis was performed by R programming. Descriptive statistics, Inferential statistics: chi-square analyses and student’s t tests were performed. Fifty-five hemodialysis patients aged 51–60 years were selected from among CKD-ESKD patients. Males outnumbered females in the sample. The evaluation of QoL showed a strong statistical association with socioeconomic status in hemodialysis patients. Statistical analysis revealed significant changes in the laboratory parameters uric acid (p = 0.02) and calcium (p = 0.03) and effect size reported for other parameters. Sociodemographic characteristics can indeed effect QoL in hemodialysis patients. Enhancing the QoL requires clinical interventions and psychological support from physicians and caretakers to impact their well-being.
WITHDRAWN: Values of Lymphocyte-Related Ratios in Predicting the Clinical Outcome of Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Receiving Intravenous Thrombolysis Based on Different Etiologies
Authors: Li Yongyu , Chen Keyang , Wang Lu , Zhao Linhu , Lei Chunyan , Gu Yu , Zhu Xiaoyan , Deng Qionghua 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Previous studies confirmed that neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR), and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were related to the clinical outcomes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This study aimed to explore predictive values of these ratios on the clinical outcomes of AIS patients receiving intravenous thrombolysis based on TOAST (Trail of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment) classification.
Methods
Patients admitted to department of Neurology with AIS were included. NLR, LMR and PLR were obtained before thrombolysis. Unfavorable functional outcome was defined as a modified Rankin score (mRS) of 3–6 at 90 days after onset. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were used to explore the predictive values of lymphocyte-related ratios for clinical outcomes after receiving intravenous thrombolysis for different etiologies of AIS.
Results
A total of 381 patients were included. NLR was independently associated with unfavorable functional outcome for large-artery atherosclerosis stroke (aOR,1.354; 95% CI, 1.142–1.606; P = 0.001), small-artery occlusion stroke (aOR,1.505; 95% CI, 1.081–2.096; P = 0.015), and cardioembolism stroke (aOR,1.817; 95% CI, 1.065–3.101; P = 0.028). LMR was independently associated with poor functional outcome for large-artery atherosclerosis stroke (aOR, 0.693; 95% CI, 0.541–0.886; P = 0.004). NLR's AUC values for predicting poor functional outcome in large-artery atherosclerosis, small-artery occlusion and cardioembolism were 0.702, 0.750, and 0.697 respectively, with cutoff values of 3.193, 3.937, and 3.172.
Conclusions
NLR had good predictive ability for poor functional outcome of patients with large-artery atherosclerosis and small-artery occlusion strokes who received intravenous thrombolysis treatment, rather than other subtypes. LMR and PLR had no predictive values.
The impact of living with multiple long-term conditions (multimorbidity) on everyday life – a qualitative evidence synthesis
Authors: Holland Emilia , Matthews Kate , Macdonald Sara , Ashworth Mark , Laidlaw Lynn , Cheung Kelly Sum Yuet , Stannard Sebastian , Francis Nick A , Mair Frances S , Rajababoo Rita , Parekh Saroj , Gooding Charlotte , Alwan Nisreen A , Fraser Simon DS 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs), living with two or more long-term conditions (LTCs), often termed multimorbidity, has a high and increasing prevalence globally with earlier age of onset in people living in deprived communities. A holistic understanding of the patient’s perspective of the work associated with living with MLTCs is needed. This study aimed to synthesise qualitative evidence describing the experiences of people living with MLTCs and develop a greater understanding of the effect on people’s lives.
Methods
Three concepts (multimorbidity, burden and lived experience) were used to develop search terms. A broad qualitative filter was applied. MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), PsycINFO (EBSCO), CINAHL (EBSCO) and the Cochrane Library were searched from 2000-January 2023. We included studies where at least 50% of study participants were living with ≥ 3 LTCs and the lived experience of MLTCs was expressed from the patient perspective. Screening and quality assessment (CASP checklist) was undertaken by two independent researchers. Data was synthesised using an inductive approach. PPI (Patient and Public Involvement) input was included throughout.
Results
Of 30,803 references identified, 46 met the inclusion criteria. 28 studies (60%) did not mention ethnicity of participants and socioeconomic factors were inconsistently described. Only 2 studies involved low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Eight themes of work emerged: learning and adapting; accumulation and complexity; symptoms; emotions; investigation and monitoring; health service and administration; medication; and finance. The quality of studies was generally high. 41 papers had no PPI involvement reported and none had PPI contributor co-authors.
Conclusions
The impact of living with MLTCs was experienced as a multifaceted and complex workload involving multiple types of work, many of which are reciprocally linked. Much of this work, and the associated impact on patients, may be not apparent to healthcare staff, and current health systems and policies are poorly equipped to meet the needs of this growing population. There was a paucity of data from LMICs and insufficient information on how patient characteristics might influence experiences. Future research should involve patients as partners and focus on these evidence gaps.