bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and characterization of a novel plasma membrane protein, osteoblast induction factor (obif), associated with osteoblast differentiation
Authors: Kanamoto Takashi , Mizuhashi Koji , Terada Koji , Minami Takashi , Yoshikawa Hideki , Furukawa Takahisa 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

Background
While several cell types are known to contribute to bone formation, the major player is a common bone matrix-secreting cell type, the osteoblast. Chondrocytes, which plays critical roles at several stages of endochondral ossification, and osteoblasts are derived from common precursors, and both intrinsic cues and signals from extrinsic cues play critical roles in the lineage decision of these cell types. Several studies have shown that cell fate commitment within the osteoblast lineage requires sequential, stage-specific signaling to promote osteoblastic differentiation programs. In osteoblastic differentiation, the functional mechanisms of transcriptional regulators have been well elucidated, however the exact roles of extrinsic molecules in osteoblastic differentiation are less clear.

Results
We identify a novel gene, obif (osteoblast induction factor), encoding a transmembrane protein that is predominantly expressed in osteoblasts. During mouse development, obif is initially observed in the limb bud in a complementary pattern to Sox9 expression. Later in development, obif is highly expressed in osteoblasts at the stage of endochondral ossification. In cell line models, obif is up-regulated during osteoblastic differentiation. Exogenous obif expression stimulates osteoblastic differentiation and obif knockdown inhibits osteoblastic differentiation in preosteblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. In addition, the extracellular domain of obif protein exhibits functions similar to the full-length obif protein in induction of MC3T3-E1 differentiation.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that obif plays a role in osteoblastic differentiation by acting as a ligand.
Survivin gene levels in the peripheral blood of patients with gastric cancer independently predict survival
Authors: Bertazza Loris , Mocellin Simone , Marchet Alberto , Pilati Pierluigi , Gabrieli Joseph , Scalerta Romano , Nitti Donato 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

Background
The detection of circulating tumor cells (CTC) is considered a promising tool for improving risk stratification in patients with solid tumors. We investigated on whether the expression of CTC related genes adds any prognostic power to the TNM staging system in patients with gastric carcinoma.

Methods
Seventy patients with TNM stage I to IV gastric carcinoma were retrospectively enrolled. Peripheral blood samples were tested by means of quantitative real time PCR (qrtPCR) for the expression of four CTC related genes: carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin-19 (CK19), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Survivin (BIRC5).

Results
Gene expression of Survivin, CK19, CEA and VEGF was higher than in normal controls in 98.6%, 97.1%, 42.9% and 38.6% of cases, respectively, suggesting a potential diagnostic value of both Survivin and CK19. At multivariable survival analysis, TNM staging and Survivin mRNA levels were retained as independent prognostic factors, demonstrating that Survivin expression in the peripheral blood adds prognostic information to the TNM system. In contrast with previously published data, the transcript abundance of CEA, CK19 and VEGF was not associated with patients' clinical outcome.

Conclusions
Gene expression levels of Survivin add significant prognostic value to the current TNM staging system. The validation of these findings in larger prospective and multicentric series might lead to the implementation of this biomarker in the routine clinical setting in order to optimize risk stratification and ultimately personalize the therapeutic management of these patients.
Investigating AP-2 and YY1 protein expression as a cause of high HER2 gene transcription in breast cancers with discordant HER2 gene amplification
Authors: Powe Desmond G , Akhtar Gulfareen , Habashy Hany Onsy , Abdel-Fatah Tarek , Rakha Emad A , Green Andrew R , Ellis Ian O 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
Introduction
Candidacy for anti-HER2 adjuvant therapy in breast cancer is assessed using tumour HER2 status but recently it has been proposed that the transcription factors AP-2α and YY1 may cause Her2 protein overexpression independently of gene amplification.

Methods
We characterised AP-2α/β, AP-2α and YY1 with HER2 gene and protein expression, other relevant biomarkers, and clinical outcome using tissue microarrays (TMAs) and immunohistochemistry in a large (n = 1,176) clinically annotated series of early stage operable breast cancer. The associations and prognostic independence of AP-2 and YY1 was assessed in all patients and an oestrogen receptor negative subgroup.

Results
Nuclear expression of AP-2α/β, AP-2α and YY1 was detected in 23%, 44% and 33% of cases respectively. AP-2α/β significantly correlated with YY1 and both markers were increased in luminal oestrogen receptor (ER) positive tumours of small size and low grade but only AP-2α/β correlated with good prognosis breast cancer specific survival and disease free interval (BCSS and DFI). These characteristics were lost in oestrogen receptor negative patients. AP-2α also correlated with luminal-type tumours but not with YY1 expression or good prognosis. AP-2α and YY1 showed a significant correlation with Her2 protein expression and in addition, YY1 correlated with HER2 gene expression. Discordant HER2 gene and protein expression was identified in six cases (0.71% of the study group) with four of these showing AP-2α but absence of AP-2α/β and YY1 expression.

Conclusions
AP-2α/β and YY1 are markers of good prognosis principally due to their association with oestrogen receptor but are not independent predictors. Discordant HER2 protein/gene expression is a rare event that is not always explained by the actions of AP-2 and YY1.
Progression to Diabetes in Relatives of Type 1 Diabetic Patients: Mechanisms and Mode of Onset
Authors: Ferrannini Ele , Mari Andrea , Nofrate Valentina , Sosenko Jay M. , Skyler Jay S. ,   for the DPT-1 Study Group
Published: December 2009

OBJECTIVE
Relatives of type 1 diabetic patients are at enhanced risk of developing diabetes. We investigated the mode of onset of hyperglycemia and how insulin sensitivity and β-cell function contribute to the progression to the disease.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In 328 islet cell autoantibody–positive, nondiabetic relatives from the observational arms of the Diabetes Prevention Trial-1 Study (median age 11 years [interquartile range 8], sequential OGTTs (2,143 in total) were performed at baseline, every 6 months, and 2.7 years [2.7] later, when 115 subjects became diabetic. β-Cell glucose sensitivity (slope of the insulin-secretion/plasma glucose dose-response function) and insulin sensitivity were obtained by mathematical modeling of the OGTT glucose/C-peptide responses.

RESULTS
In progressors, baseline insulin sensitivity, fasting insulin secretion, and total postglucose insulin output were similar to those of nonprogressors, whereas β-cell glucose sensitivity was impaired (median 48 pmol/min per m2 per mmol/l [interquartile range 36] vs. 87 pmol/min per m2 per mmol/l [67]; P &lt; 0.0001) and predicted incident diabetes (P &lt; 0.0001) independently of sex, age, BMI, and clinical risk. In progressors, 2-h glucose levels changed little until 0.78 years before diagnosis, when they started to rise rapidly (∼13 mmol · l−1 · year−1); glucose sensitivity began to decline significantly (P &lt; 0.0001) earlier (1.45 years before diagnosis) than the plasma glucose surge. During this anticipation phase, both insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity were essentially stable.

CONCLUSIONS
In high-risk relatives, β-cell glucose sensitivity is impaired and is a strong predictor of diabetes progression. The time trajectories of plasma glucose are frequently biphasic, with a slow linear increase followed by a rapid surge, and are anticipated by a further deterioration of β-cell glucose sensitivity.
The General Definition of the Complex Monge–Ampère Operator on Compact Kähler Manifolds
Authors: Xing Yang 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWe introduce a wide subclass of quasi-plurisubharmonic functions in a compact Kähler manifold, on which the complex Monge-Ampère operator is well defined and the convergence theorem is valid. We also prove that is a convex cone and includes all quasi-plurisubharmonic functions that are in the Cegrell class.
Disparities in Cancer Stage Outcomes by Catchment Areas for a Comprehensive Cancer Center
Authors: Desjardins Michael R. , Kanarek Norma F. , Nelson William G. , Bachman Jamie , Curriero Frank C. 
Published: May 2024

ImportanceThe National Cancer Institute comprehensive cancer centers (CCCs) lack spatial and temporal evaluation of their self-designated catchment areas.ObjectiveTo identify disparities in cancer stage at diagnosis within and outside a CCC’s catchment area across a 10-year period using spatial and statistical analyses.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional, population-based study conducted between 2010 and 2019 utilized cancer registry data for the Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel CCC (SKCCC). Eligible participants included patients with cancer in the contiguous US who received treatment for cancer, a diagnosis of cancer, or both at SKCCC. Patients were geocoded to zip code tabulation areas (ZCTAs). Individual-level variables included sociodemographic characteristics, smoking and alcohol use, treatment type, cancer site, and insurance type. Data analysis was performed between March and July 2023.ExposuresDistance between SKCCC and ZCTAs were computed to generate a catchment area of the closest 75% of patients and outer zones in 5% increments for comparison.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was cancer stage at diagnosis, defined as early-stage, late-stage, or unknown stage. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine associations of catchment area with stage at diagnosis.ResultsThis study had a total of 94 007 participants (46 009 male [48.94%] and 47 998 female [51.06%]; 30 195 aged 22-45 years [32.12%]; 4209 Asian [4.48%]; 2408 Hispanic [2.56%]; 16 004 non-Hispanic Black [17.02%]; 69 052 non-Hispanic White [73.45%]; and 2334 with other or unknown race or ethnicity [2.48%]), including 47 245 patients (50.26%) who received a diagnosis of early-stage cancer, 19 491 (20.73%) who received a diagnosis of late-stage cancer , and 27 271 (29.01%) with unknown stage. Living outside the main catchment area was associated with higher odds of late-stage cancers for those who received only a diagnosis (odds ratio [OR], 1.50; 95% CI, 1.10-2.05) or only treatment (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.28-1.61) at SKCCC. Non-Hispanic Black patients (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.10-1.23) and those with Medicaid (OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.46-1.86) and no insurance at time of treatment (OR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.79-2.51) also had higher odds of receiving a late-stage cancer diagnosis.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study of CCC data from 2010 to 2019, patients residing outside the main catchment area, non-Hispanic Black patients, and patients with Medicaid or no insurance had higher odds of late-stage diagnoses. These findings suggest that disadvantaged populations and those living outside of the main catchment area of a CCC may face barriers to screening and treatment. Care-sharing agreements among CCCs could address these issues.
Lateral response artifact correction method using image stitching technique in radiochromic film dosimetry
Authors: Miura Hideharu , Miyazawa Masanori , Ozawa Shuichi , Enosaki Tsubasa , Kagemoto Masayuki 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeLateral response artifact (LRA) is caused by the interaction between film and flatbed scanner in the direction perpendicular to the scanning direction. This can significantly affect the accuracy of patient‐specific quality assurance (QA) in cases involving large irradiation fields. We hypothesized that by utilizing the central area of the flatbed scanner, where the magnitude of LRA is relatively small, the LRA could be mitigated effectively. This study proposes a practical solution using the image‐stitching technique to correct LRA for patient‐specific QA involving large irradiation fields.MethodsGafchromic™ EBT4 film and Epson Expression ES‐G11000 flatbed scanner were used in this study. The image‐stitching algorithm requires a spot between adjacent images to combine them. The film was scanned at three locations on a flatbed scanner, and these images were combined using the image‐stitching technique. The combined film dose was then calculated and compared with the treatment planning system (TPS)‐calculated dose using gamma analysis (3%/2 mm). Our proposed LRA correction was applied to several films exposed to 18 × 18 cm2 open fields at doses of 200, 400, and 600 cGy, as well as to four clinical Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) treatment plans involving large fields.ResultsFor doses of 200, 400, and 600 cGy, the gamma analysis values with and without LRA corrections were 95.7% versus 67.8%, 95.5% versus 66.2%, and 91.8% versus 35.9%, respectively. For the clinical VMAT treatment plan, the average pass rate ± standard deviation in gamma analysis was 94.1% ± 0.4% with LRA corrections and 72.5% ± 1.5% without LRA corrections.ConclusionsThe effectiveness of our proposed LRA correction using the image‐stitching technique was demonstrated to significantly improve the accuracy of patient‐specific QA for VMAT treatment plans involving large irradiation fields.
Polyanion‐Induced Single Na‐Ion Polymer Electrolytes for Ultra‐Stable Sodium Metal Batteries
Authors: Dong Xiaorong , Zhang Yan , You Zichang , Chen Youmei , Wu Xiangwei , Wen Zhaoyin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSodium is an abundant resource standing as one of the most promising alternatives to lithium for the next generation of battery anode materials. Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) present a prospective choice for realizing sodium‐metal batteries. SPEs exhibit excellent interface compatibility, but the crucial bottleneck is how to achieve high ionic conductivity and Na+ transference number simultaneously. Herein, using a one‐step ion exchange method to synthesize 2‐Acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid sodium salt (AMPSNa) with low dissociation energy. Subsequently, employing thermally induced free radical polymerization facilitated the bonding of AMPSNa into polymer's backbone to construct a polyanion‐induced single Na‐ion polymer electrolyte, which can effectively improve the cation freedom, realize low potential barrier sodium‐ion migration, thereby constructing a stable electrolyte/Na anode interface. SPE exhibits high ionic conductivity of 4.3 × 10−4 S cm−1 at room temperature and Na+ transference number of 0.82. The AMPSNa‐rich vesicular surface of the SPE anchors to the sodium surface, providing a 3D Na+ transport channel and inducing the formation of a F, O, and N enriched solid‐electrolyte interphase to inhibit dendrite growth. The highly protective interface also leads to outstanding rate performance in Na||Na3V2(PO4)3 cell, proficiently sustaining over 1300 cycles at 4 C with a high capacity retention of 94.7%.
Scalable Optical Nose Realized with a Chemiresistively Modulated Light‐Emitter Array
Authors: Kwon Hyunah , Kamboj Ocima , Song Alexander , Alarcón‐Correa Mariana , Remke Julia , Moafian Fahimeh , Miksch Björn , Goyal Rahul , Kim Dong Yeong , Hamprecht Fred A. , Fischer Peer 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBiological olfaction relies on a large number of receptors that function as sensors to detect gaseous molecules. It is challenging to realize artificial olfactory systems that contain similarly large numbers of sensory materials. It is shown that combinatorial materials processing with vapor deposition can be used to fabricate large arrays of distinct chemiresistive sensing materials. By combining these with light‐emitting diodes, an array of chemiresistively‐modulated light‐emitting diodes, or ChemLEDs, that permit a simultaneous optical read‐out in response to an analyte is obtained. The optical nose uses a common voltage source and ground for all sensing elements and thus eliminates the need for complex wiring of individual sensors. This optical nose contains one hundred ChemLEDs and generates unique light patterns in response to gases and their mixtures. Optical pattern recognition methods enable the quantitative prediction of the corresponding concentrations and compositions, thereby paving the way for massively parallel artificial olfactory systems. ChemLEDs open the possibility to explore demanding gas sensing applications, including in environmental, food quality monitoring, and potentially diagnostic settings.
In Situ Bipolar Doping via Mechanically Controlled Dipole Under Water
Authors: Choi Sanghwan , Woo Gunhoo , Kim Taesung 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPolycrystalline silicon (poly‐Si) is essential in integrated circuits and microelectromechanical systems. In addition, poly‐Si is gaining attention for next‐generation display research with high thermal conductivity, stability, and versatile applications. Conventional fabrication methods for doping patterns involve complex lithography and chemical usage, which have raised environmental concerns. The study of novel methods is necessary for environmental friendliness and a significant simplification of the manufacturing processes. This study introduces a novel bipolar work function control technology utilizing deionized water (DI‐W) and nanonewton‐scale mechanical force using an atomic force microscope. The method is implemented with a mechanically induced SiOx layer on poly‐Si in DI‐W. The induced Si─OH and Si─O bonds decreases the work function, whereas a thicker SiOx layer with a high oxidation state increases the work function. Based on the magnitude of the applied force (26.73–75.24 nN) and additional DI‐W immersion, the induced bond and thickness of the SiOx layer are controlled. Therefore, bipolar work function control is achieved in the range of −0.25–+0.103 eV. In addition, the electrical characteristics of the fabricated p‐ and n‐type poly‐Si diodes are investigated. This method is eco‐friendly and enables bipolar doping patterns in a single process with high efficiency.
Curcumin Equipped Nanozyme‐Like Metal−Organic Framework Platform for the Targeted Atherosclerosis Treatment with Lipid Regulation and Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Capability
Authors: Lv Fanzhen , Fang Huaqiang , Huang Li , Wang Qingqing , Cao Shuangyuan , Zhao Wenpeng , Zhou Zhibin , Zhou Weimin , Wang Xiaolei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAtherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) has become the leading cause of death worldwide, and early diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis (AS) are crucial for reducing the occurrence of acute cardiovascular events. However, early diagnosis of AS is challenging, and oral anti‐AS drugs suffer from limitations like imprecise targeting and low bioavailability. To overcome the aforementioned shortcomings, Cur/MOF@DS is developed, a nanoplatform integrating diagnosis and treatment by loading curcumin (Cur) into metal−organic frameworks with nanozymes and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) properties. In addition, the surface‐modification of dextran sulfate (DS) enables PCN‐222(Mn) effectively target scavenger receptor class A in macrophages or foam cells within the plaque region. This nanoplatform employs mechanisms that effectively scavenge excessive reactive oxygen species in the plaque microenvironment, promote macrophage autophagy and regulate macrophage polarization to realize lipid regulation. In vivo and in vitro experiments confirm that this nanoplatform has outstanding MRI performance and anti‐AS effects, which may provide a new option for early diagnosis and treatment of AS.
Targeted Rapamycin Delivery via Magnetic Nanoparticles to Address Stenosis in a 3D Bioprinted in Vitro Model of Pulmonary Veins
Authors: Ning Liqun , Zanella Stefano , Tomov Martin L. , Amoli Mehdi Salar , Jin Linqi , Hwang Boeun , Saadeh Maher , Chen Huang , Neelakantan Sunder , Dasi Lakshmi Prasad , Avazmohammadi Reza , Mahmoudi Morteza , Bauser‐Heaton Holly D. , Serpooshan Vahid 
Published: May 2024

AbstractVascular cell overgrowth and lumen size reduction in pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) can result in elevated PV pressure, pulmonary hypertension, cardiac failure, and death. Administration of chemotherapies such as rapamycin have shown promise by inhibiting the vascular cell proliferation; yet clinical success is limited due to complications such as restenosis and off‐target effects. The lack of in vitro models to recapitulate the complex pathophysiology of PVS has hindered the identification of disease mechanisms and therapies. This study integrated 3D bioprinting, functional nanoparticles, and perfusion bioreactors to develop a novel in vitro model of PVS. Bioprinted bifurcated PV constructs are seeded with endothelial cells (ECs) and perfused, demonstrating the formation of a uniform and viable endothelium. Computational modeling identified the bifurcation point at high risk of EC overgrowth. Application of an external magnetic field enabled targeting of the rapamycin‐loaded superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles at the bifurcation site, leading to a significant reduction in EC proliferation with no adverse side effects. These results establish a 3D bioprinted in vitro model to study PV homeostasis and diseases, offering the potential for increased throughput, tunability, and patient specificity, to test new or more effective therapies for PVS and other vascular diseases.
All‐Printed Finger‐Inspired Tactile Sensor Array for Microscale Texture Detection and 3D Reconstruction
Authors: Wang Yilin , Zhao Jiafeng , Zeng Xu , Huang Jingwen , Wen Yading , Brugger Juergen , Zhang Xiaosheng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractElectronic skins are expected to replicate a human‐like tactile sense, which significantly detects surface information, including geometry, material, and temperature. Although most texture features can be sensed in the horizontal direction, the lack of effective approaches for detecting vertical properties limits the development of artificial skin based on tactile sensors. In this study, an all‐printed finger‐inspired tactile sensor array is developed to realize the 3D detection and reconstruction of microscale structures. A beam structure with a suspended multilayer membrane is proposed, and a tactile sensor array of 12 units arranged in a dual‐column layout is developed. This architecture enables the tactile sensor array to obtain comprehensive geometric information of micro‐textures, including 3D morphology and clearance characteristics, and optimizes the 3D reconstruction patterns by self‐calibration. Moreover, an innovative screen‐printing technology incorporating multilayer printing and sacrificial‐layer techniques is adopted to print the entire device. In additon, a Braille recognition system utilizing this tactile sensor array is developed to interpret Shakespeare's quotes printed in Grade 2 Braille. The abovementioned demonstrations reveal an attractive future vision for endowing bioinspired robots with the unique capability of touching and feeling the microscale real world and reconstructing it in the cyber world.