bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of long transcribed microsatellites in Helianthus annuus (Asteraceae)
Authors: Pramod Sreepriya , Rasberry Armed B. , Butler Tiffini G. , Welch Mark E. 
Published: December 2011

• Premise of the study: Research on the evolutionary role of exonic microsatellites currently lacks an understanding of the evolutionary pressures that promote or limit their expansion. Contrasting levels of variability and genetic structures at anonymous and transcribed microsatellite loci of varying lengths are likely to provide useful insights regarding the relative strength of selection acting on different classes of microsatellites. We have developed primers for long transcribed microsatellites in Helianthus annuus to make these comparisons.• Methods and Results: Eight relatively long microsatellites from sequences in the expressed sequence tag database of H. annuus were characterized. A total of 63 individuals from three populations in Kansas were genotyped. The number of alleles per locus ranged from four to 11 with an average observed heterozygosity of 0.723.• Conclusions: Our study has generated suitable tools for studying the population genetics of long transcribed microsatellites that are potentially influenced by selection.
Cytoplasmic Rods and Rings Autoantibodies Developed during Pegylated Interferon and Ribavirin Therapy in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C
Authors: Covini Giovanni , Carcamo Wendy C , Bredi Elena , von Mühlen Carlos A , Colombo Massimo , Chan Edward KL 
Published: December 2011

Background Serum autoantibodies are frequently detected in patients with chronic HCV infection, reflecting the wide spectrum of immune reactions related to this virus. In the present study, a novel autoantibody to cytoplasmic rods and rings (RR) in chronic HCV patients was characterized. Methods Sera from 75 previously untreated HCV patients were investigated by indirect immunofluorescence using HEp-2 cell substrate before and during pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN)/ribavirin (RBV) therapy. HEp-2 cells were cultured and fixed either following standard protocols or with the addition of RBV in culture medium. Results In 15 out of 75 (20%) patients, analysis revealed the presence of antibodies to rod-like cytoplasmic structures ranging approximately 3–10 mm in length and rings approximately 2–5 μm in diameter. These RR structures became detectable in >95% of cells after addition of RBV in culture medium, whereas they were absent in untreated cells. Anti-RR antibodies were found in sera collected during PEG-IFN/RBV treatment only, but never detected before antiviral therapy nor in control groups. More importantly, these anti-RR antibodies were more often detected in non-responder/relapsers than in responder patients (33% versus 11%; P-value =0.037). Conclusions An RBV-induced autoantibody was identified to a new cytoplasmic autoantigenic structure developed in HCV patients after PEG-IFN/RBV and this same structure can be induced by RBV in in vitro culture. Owing to the onset of anti-RR antibodies in PEG-IFN/RBV-treated patients and their association with a treatment failure, studies are deemed necessary to clarify whether anti-RR plays a role in the response to PEG-IFN/RBV therapy.
Anciennes et nouvelles technologies : métaphores de l’esprit linguistique
Authors: Boulton Alex 
Published: December 2011

L’enseignant de langues étrangères (L2) néglige souvent les connaissances psycholinguistiques, sous prétexte que le « module langue » est très complexe et difficile à cerner de façon compréhensible. Pour cette raison, de la civilisation grecque classique jusqu’à nos jours, l’esprit humain en général et nos fonctions linguistiques en particulier ont été imaginés à l’aide de métaphores. Nous commençons par une brève étude de la nature et du rôle de la métaphore dans le langage et dans la pensée, avant de passer en revue les différentes métaphores employées pour décrire nos fonctions psycholinguistiques, leurs avantages et désavantages relatifs, et ce que chacune apporte à notre compréhension de l’esprit linguistique de l’apprenant L2. Finalement, nous comparons les notions de « réseau » dans les métaphores de l’informatique et du cerveau et leur contribution aux modèles actuels des associations lexicales interlinguistiques.
Increased Body Mass Index but Not Common Vitamin D Receptor, Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor γ, or Cytokine Polymorphisms Confers Predisposition to Posttransplant Diabetes
Authors: Wang Ping , Hudspeth Elissa 
Published: December 2011

Context.—Posttransplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a major complication after solid organ transplantation. The use of corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors, especially tacrolimus, are significant risk factors. However, it is not clear what genetic factors modify the risk. Evidence suggests vitamin D deficiency, perturbed glucose homeostasis, and increased inflammation all play roles in the development of diabetes.
Objective.—To investigate whether common vitamin D receptor (VDR), cytokine, and peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ (PPARγ) polymorphisms are correlated with the development of PTDM.
Design.—DNA was isolated from the peripheral blood of 51 kidney transplant recipients with PTDM and 72 patients without diabetes pretransplant or posttransplant at the time of follow-up. The genotypes for 5 polymorphisms, 1 each in VDR, PPARγ, INFγ, TGFβ1, and TNF, were determined using direct sequencing. Age, sex, number of acute rejection episodes, follow-up length, ethnicity, body mass index, and the frequency of alleles and genotypes for each polymorphism were compared between the 2 groups.
Results.—Body mass index was the only factor that was statistically different between the 2 groups (P  =  .001). The frequency of different alleles and genotypes for each of the 5 polymorphisms did not differ between the 2 groups.
Conclusions.—These results indicate that increased body mass index is a significant risk factor for the development of PTDM. However, none of the genetic polymorphisms studied confer predisposition to PTDM with the current sample size.
Tracking and risk of abdominal obesity in the adolescence period in children aged 7–15. The cracow longitudinal growth study
Authors: Chrzanowska Maria , Suder Agnieszka , Kruszelnicki Paweł 
Published: December 2011

AbstractObjectives: To examine the tracking of abdominal fat distribution from the age of 7 to 15 years and to estimate the risk of abdominal obesity at 15 based on the occurrence of abdominal obesity at the ages 7–14 years in boys and girls.Methods: The analysis was performed on 8‐year longitudinal measurements of 315 boys and 198 girls from Cracow, Poland. The stability of waist circumference (WC) and waist‐to‐height ratio (WHtR) got assessed by inter‐age correlations. The degree of abdominal fatness continuation level was evaluated applying contingency tables with the χ2 test based on quartiles of WC and WHtR distribution. The risk of abdominal obesity at 15 was estimated using odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval.Results: Inter‐age correlations between the 7th and 15th years were 0.73 and 0.67 in boys and 0.48 and 0.48 in girls for WC and WHtR, respectively. More than 51% girls and 62% boys with abdominal fat distribution at 7 remained in the same category in adolescence period, while only 2% of them moved to the thin category at 15. The risk of abdominal obesity (WHtR) was highest in boys and girls with abdominal obesity at 7 (OR = 5.46 and OR = 6.19, respectively) and, additionally, in girls at 12 (OR = 5.59).Conclusion: The risk of abdominal obesity was indicated already at 7 in boys and girls. Continuation of the abdominal fat distribution confirmed in about 60% acknowledges that the type of fat distribution seems to be determined as early as in the 7‐year‐olds. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mechanical and dielectric properties of epoxy resin modified using reactive liquid rubber (HTPB)
Authors: Zhou Wenying , Cai Jiangtao 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIn the present study, hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) liquid rubber was employed to modify epoxy resin using 2,4,6‐tri (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol as a catalyst, and methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride as a curing agent. The reactions between HTPB and epoxy were monitored by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR); the mechanical and dielectric properties of HTPB modified epoxies were evaluated and the morphology was investigated through scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The FTIR analysis evidenced the occurrence of a chemical reaction between the two components. The mechanical results indicated that the impact strength of HTPB‐modified epoxy was superior to that of the pure epoxy. As the HTPB content increased up to 10 phr the best mechanical performances in terms of tensile and flexural properties were achieved when compared to the unmodified epoxy. Higher concentration of HTPB resulted in larger particles and gave lower mechanical strength values. The incorporation of HTPB into epoxy decreased the dielectric constant and dissipation factor over a wide frequency range from 1 to 106 Hz, and improved the electrical resistivity. SEM micrographs showed that the modified epoxy exhibited a two‐phase morphology where the spherical rubber domains were dispersed in the epoxy matrix. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
No jacket required – new fungal lineage defies dress code
Authors: James Timothy Y. , Berbee Mary L. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAnalyses of environmental DNAs have provided tantalizing evidence for “rozellida” or “cryptomycota”, a clade of mostly undescribed and deeply diverging aquatic fungi. Here, we put cryptomycota into perspective through consideration of Rozella, the only clade member growing in culture. This is timely on account of the publication in Nature of the first images of uncultured cryptomycota from environmental filtrates, where molecular probes revealed non‐motile cyst‐like structures and motile spores, all lacking typical fungal chitinous cell walls. Current studies of Rozella can complement these fragmentary observations from environmental samples. Rozella has a fungal‐specific chitin synthase and its resting sporangia have walls that appear to contain chitin. Cryptomycota, including Rozella, lack a cell wall when absorbing food but like some other fungi, they may have lost their “dinner jacket” through convergence. Rather than evolutionary intermediates, the cryptomycota may be strange, divergent fungi that evolved from an ancestor with a nearly complete suite of classical fungal‐specific characters.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of the Manganese Borate α‐MnB2O4.
Authors: Neumair Stephanie C. , Perfler Lukas , Huppertz Hubert 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe high‐pressure phase of title is synthesized from a mixture of MnO2 and B2O3 in a molar ratio of 2:1 in a modified Walker‐type multianvil apparatus (6.5 GPa, 1100 °C, 10 min).
ChemInform Abstract: Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Cyclopropanation of Nonactivated Alkenes in Dibromomethane with Triisobutylaluminum.
Authors: Brunner Gerhard , Elmer Susanne , Schroeder Fridtjof 
Published: December 2011

AbstractCyclopropanation of unactivated alkenes with dibromomethane is smoothly achieved in the presence of iBu3Al and FeCl3 as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Ethyl 3‐[(Ethylthio)carbonyl]‐4,4,5,5,5‐pentafluoropentanoate: A Building Block Towards Trifluoromethyl Pyrazoles and Pyrimidin‐4‐ones.
Authors: Brule Cedric , Bouillon Jean‐Philippe , Portella Charles 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe multistep domino reaction of building block (I) with methylhydrazine involves a HF elimination—β‐addition/elimination—cyclocondensation sequence to give trifluoromethyl pyrazole (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Enamine/Carbene Cascade Catalysis in the Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Synthesis of Functionalized Cyclopentanones.
Authors: Ozboya Kerem E. , Rovis Tomislav 
Published: December 2011

AbstractActivated enones and aliphatic aldehydes react under catalysis of a chiral secondary amine and a chiral triazolium salt to give the cyclopentanones as mixtures of the 4 possible diastereomers with high selectivity for one isomer.
ChemInform Abstract: An Easy and General Iron‐Catalyzed Reductive Amination of Aldehydes and Ketones with Anilines.
Authors: Fleischer Steffen , Zhou Shaolin , Junge Kathrin , Beller Matthias 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAn inexpensive iron catalyst allows the reductive amination of aldehydes and ketones under mild conditions in the presence of molecular hydrogen and without the need of any special ligand.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Carane‐Based Aminodiols as Chiral Ligands for the Catalytic Addition of Diethylzinc to Aldehydes.
Authors: Szakonyi Zsolt , Csillag Kinga , Fueloep Ferenc 
Published: December 2011

AbstractVarious chiral aminodiols are synthesized and the best result is achieved with ADC, albeit with moderate enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Replacing Dichloroethane as a Solvent for Rhodium‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Alkyne Hydroacylation Reactions: The Utility of Propylene Carbonate.
Authors: Lenden Philip , Ylioja Paul M. , Gonzalez‐Rodriguez Carlos , Entwistle David A. , Willis Michael C. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractPropylene carbonate is an environmentally benign, non‐flammable, and non‐toxic solvent.
ChemInform Abstract: Practical One‐Pot Preparation of Magnesium Di(hetero)aryl‐ and Magnesium Dialkenylboronates for Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Haag Benjamin A. , Saemann Christoph , Jana Anukul , Knochel Paul 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA general one‐pot synthesis of magnesium diorganoboronates that tolerates a wide range of functional groups is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: A Comparative Homocoupling Reaction of Aryl Halides Using Monomeric Orthopalladated Complex of 4‐Methoxybenzoylmethylenetriphenylphosphorane under Conventional and Microwave Irradiation Conditions.
Authors: Hajipour Abdol R. , Karami Kazem , Tavakoli Ghazal 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA new catalytic system is used for efficient homocoupling.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed C—C Bond Formation to Construct 1,4‐Diketones under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Liu Chao , Deng Yi , Wang Jing , Yang Yingying , Tang Shan , Lei Aiwen 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe reaction between α‐chloroketones and zinc ketone enolates affords 2,3‐diaryl 1,4‐diketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Ketones by Palladium‐Catalyzed Desulfitative Reaction of Arylsulfinic Acids with Nitriles.
Authors: Miao Tao , Wang Guan‐Wu 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAn efficient protocol for the title reaction, which affords the compounds (III) and (V) in the presence of an inexpensive ligand, is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Bromination/Semipinacol Rearrangement for the Synthesis of β‐Bromoketones Containing an All‐α‐carbon Quaternary Center.
Authors: Li Hui , Zhang Fu‐Min , Tu Yong‐Qiang , Zhang Qing‐Wei , Chen Zhi‐Min , Chen Zhi‐Hua , Li Jian 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDiaryl allylic tertiary alcohols afford up to 93% enantioselectivity by use of a cinchona‐derived catalyst and NBS as brominating reagent.
ChemInform Abstract: Alternative and Straightforward Synthesis of Dopaminergic 5‐Methoxy‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydronaphthalen‐2‐amine.
Authors: Oeztaskin Necla , Goeksu Sueleyman , Secen Hasan 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe title compound (VIII), which is a potent monoamine oxidase inhibitor, is synthesized in 27% overall yield.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Radical Mediated Alkylation of a Chiral Glycolic Acid Derivative.
Authors: Abazi Sokol , Rapado Liliana Parra , Renaud Philippe 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe presented reaction of (I) to compounds (III) and (IV) is an example where increasing the exothermicity leads to an enhancement of stereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Active Copper‐Network Catalyst for the Direct Aldol Reaction.
Authors: Ohta Hidetoshi , Uozumi Yasuhiro , Yamada Yoichi M. A. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA highly active solid‐phase catechol—copper‐network catalyst is prepared and promotes the direct aldol reaction of carbonyl compounds and methyl isocyanoacetate.
ChemInform Abstract: Antiplasmodial and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of 3‐Functionalized 2‐Azetidinone Derivatives.
Authors: Kumar Vipan , et al. et al. 
Published: December 2011

Abstract3‐Azido, 3‐amino‐ and 3‐(1,2,3‐triazol‐1‐yl)‐β‐lactams are synthesized using the Staudinger reaction to construct the desired azetidinone scaffold.
ChemInform Abstract: Advances in Drug Design and Discovery. Part 11. Synthesis and Antiinflammatory Activity of Novel Biscoumarin—Chalcone Hybrids.
Authors: Sashidhara Koneni V. , Kumar Manoj , Modukuri Ram K. , Sonkar Ravi , Bhatia Gitika , Khanna A. K. , Rai Shivika , Shukla Rakesh 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAmong the compounds (III) (10 examples) synthesized, compound (IIIc) is found to be the most active antiinflammatory agent.
ChemInform Abstract: Dienamine Activation in the Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of cis‐3,4‐Difunctionalized Chromans and Dihydrocoumarins.
Authors: Enders Dieter , Yang Xuena , Wang Chuan , Raabe Gerhard , Runsik Jan 
Published: December 2011

AbstractTo obtain disubstituted dihydrocoumarins, the domino products are oxidized with PCC or treated with triethylsilane and boron trifluoride etherate.
ChemInform Abstract: Access to Optically Active 3‐Azido‐ and 3‐Aminopiperidine Derivatives by Enantioselective Ring Expansion of Prolinols.
Authors: Cochi Anne , Gomez Pardo Domingo , Cossy Janine 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe degree of the ring expansion process is dependent on the nature of the substituents and their relative stereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Dynamic Resolution of α‐Halo Chiral Esters for the Synthesis of 3‐Substituted Piperazin‐2‐ones.
Authors: Jang Jung In , Kang Seock Yong , Kang Kyoung Hee , Park Yong Sun 
Published: December 2011

AbstractStereoselective substitution of auxiliary‐bearing α‐halo esters with ethylenediamine derivatives and subsequent spontaneous cyclization proceeds with dynamic resolution to afford 3‐substituted piperazinones (III) in up to 88% optical purity.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Arylboronic Esters by Palladacycle‐Catalyzed Bromination of 2‐Arylbenzoxazoles and Subsequent Borylation of the Brominated Products.
Authors: Leng Yuting , Yang Fan , Zhu Weiguo , Zou Dapeng , Wu Yangjie , Cai Ranran 
Published: December 2011

AbstractRegioselective bromination of 2‐arylbenzoxazoles followed by Br‐<B exchange reaction is efficiently catalyzed by two ferrocenylimine—Pd complexes to give 6‐(dioxaborolanyl)benzoxazoles (IV) and (V) in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on Novel Synthetic Methodologies. Part 220. Metal‐Free Multicomponent Synthesis of (α‐Aminoalkyl)phosphonates Using 2,4,6‐Trichloro‐1,3,5‐triazine.
Authors: Das Biswanath , Kumar Avula Satya , Kumar Jayprakash Narayan 
Published: December 2011

Abstract(α‐Aminoalkyl)phosphonates (IV) and (VI) are obtained by three‐component reaction of aldehydes, anilines and triethyl phosphite in the presence of trichlorotriazine as mild HCl source.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Reactivity of New Chiral 1‐[(Trialkylsilyl)methyl]propenamides.
Authors: BouzBouz Samir 
Published: December 2011

AbstractCross‐metathesis of chiral amides and allylsilanes provides title compounds (III) which can be further elaborated to highly functionalized derivatives as the basis for the construction of a library of biologically active compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐L‐Arabinofuranosylated Pyrrolidines as Arabinanase Inhibitors.
Authors: Goddard‐Borger Ethan D. , Carapito Raphael , Jeltsch Jean‐Marc , Phalip Vincent , Stick Robert V. , Varrot Annabelle 
Published: December 2011

AbstractCompounds (I) and (II), deoxyiminosugar equivalents of arabinobiose and arabinotriose, resp., are synthesized and evaluated for their arabinanase inhibitory activity.
Stability of Ni/SiO2 catalysts
Authors: Birke Peter , Geyer Reinhard , Hoheisel Klaus , Keck Michael , Pachulski Axel , Schödel Rainer 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIt was shown that catalysts used in the slurry phase hydrogenation of nitroaromatic compounds are post‐passivated during exhibition in air for a longer period of time. This post passivation hampers a reactivation of the catalyst and is decelerated with increasing catalyst particle size. Furthermore a fast mixing during feeding in the nitroaromatic compound into the reactor and sufficient hydrogen supply to the catalyst surface have to be ensured to avoid an oxidic attack of the nitroaromatic compound towards the nickel catalyst and to obtain a slow deactivation of the this catalyst.
Germanium
Authors: Haustein Mike 
Published: December 2011

AbstractVor 125 Jahren, am 6. Februar 1886, entdeckte der Freiberger Chemiker Clemens Winkler das Germanium und bestätigte damit das Periodensystem der Elemente. Das Jubiläum ist Anlass dieser Sternstunde der Wissenschaft mit ihren oft kurios anmutenden Details zu gedenken.
HCOOH als H2‐Speicher
Authors: Jaenicke Lothar 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDie anvisierte Wasserstoff‐Technologie als Ersatz für die bisherige aus nicht unbegrenzten fossilen Brennstoffen braucht, wie diese, Transportmittel für den Energieträger. Dieser ist bekanntlich ein brennbares Gas, das nur unter hohen Drucken verflüssigt und auf kleinen Transportraum gebracht werden kann. Die Tanks haben aber ein großes Eigengewicht und sind deshalb in Fahrzeugen unbequem. Bei Lecks entweichendes Gas birgt in der Luft die Gefahr der Knallgasexplosion.
Time‐lapse imaging of granule cells in mouse entorhino‐hippocampal slice cultures reveals changes in spine stability after entorhinal denervation
Authors: Vlachos Andreas , Orth Carlos Bas , Schneider Gaby , Deller Thomas 
Published: December 2011

AbstractPrincipal neurons that are partially denervated after brain injury remodel their synaptic connections and show biphasic changes in their dendritic spine density: during an early phase after denervation spine density decreases and during a late phase spine density recovers again. It has been hypothesized that these changes in spine density are caused by a period of increased spine loss followed by a period of increased spine formation. We have tested this hypothesis, which is based on data from fixed tissues, by using time‐lapse imaging of denervated dentate granule cells in organotypic entorhino‐hippocampal slice cultures of Thy1‐GFP mice. Our data show that nondenervated granule cells turn over spines spontaneously while keeping their spine density constant. Denervation influenced this equilibrium and induced biphasic changes in the spine loss rate but not in the rate of spine formation: during the early phase after denervation the spine loss rate was increased and during the late phase after denervation the spine loss rate was decreased compared with nondenervated control cultures. In line with these observations, time‐lapse imaging of identified spines formed after the lesion revealed that the stability of these spines was decreased during the early phase and increased during the late phase after the lesion. We conclude that biphasic changes in spine loss rate and spine stability but not in the rate of spine formation play a central role in the reorganization of dentate granule cells after entorhinal denervation in vitro. J. Comp. Neurol. 520:1891–1902, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.