bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Who's the Family in Family Caregiving?
Authors: Keating Norah , Kerr Karen , Warren Sharon , Grace Michael , Wertenberger Dana 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉEn dépit de la reconnaissance du rôle d'information de la famille auprès des personnes âgées fragiles, il n'existe aucune entente sur la composition des familles assurant la prestation de soins. Les auteurs discutent de l'idéologie de l'aide aux aines par la famille et le degré de connaissance sur sa composition. Us proposent que ces familles présentent des caractéristiques actuelles et potentielles. En se fondant sur l'hypothèse que le concept de «la composition de la famille» est le résultat d'une construction sociale, les auteurs démontrent qu'il est essentiel de comprendre «la composition de la famille» selon l'optique des principaux prestateurs de soins afin d'évaluer la nature de l'appui familial. L'ouvrage remet en question la notion que la famille assurant la prestation de soins se compose des proches parents. Les auteurs soutiennent que le statu quo, où une perception simpliste de la famille offrant des soins est utilisée afin d'exercer des pressions sur les familles pour fournir plus de soins, n'a pas d'avenir.
Modifier la structure psychologique de sa vie pour une meilleure préparation à sa retraite
Authors: Bédard René 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTIf one desires many meaningful and enriching years of retirement, one must plan and make the necessary transformations to one's psychological life structure. This means that a major revision of the dynamic organization of the dimensions of one's being and behaviour must be undertaken. A high level of consciousness of what one wants to become is essential. This involves first a strong will to change; then making the necessary ajustments to one's individual life structure.
Differences in Conceptual Flexibility with Age as Measured by a Modified Version of the Visual Verbal Test
Authors: Collins Barbara , Tellier Andrée 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTAge-related changes in the capacity for cognitive flexibility should be considered in social planning for the expanding elderly population and in the functional assessment of the individual geriatric patient. Current means for assessing conceptual flexibility are not particularly appropriate for use with the elderly. In the current study, a briefer and more tolerable measure of conceptual flexibility was derived from the Visual Verbal Test (VVT). This index correlated significantly with the number of perseverative errors but not the number of nonperseverative errors on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), attesting to its validity as a specific measure of the ability to shift mental set. A significant relationship between age and both this VVT measure of conceptual shift and the number of perseverative errors on the WCST was observed in a sample of 60 healthy elderly volunteers between the ages of 55 and 84, suggesting that cognitive flexibility is indeed negatively associated with age.
John Myles and Jill Quadagno (eds.). States, Labor Markets, and the Future of Old Age Policy. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1991, pp. 324.
Authors: McDonald Lynn 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉLa majorité des 14 essais contenus dans cet ouvrage ont été rédigés en vue d'une conférence ayant pour thème la politique du vieillissement dans les années 80, tenue à l'Université Florida State en mars 1989. Les éditeurs, John Myles et Jill Quadagno, sont parvenus à réunir un groupe d'érudits reconnus à l'échelle internationale qui avaient pour mandat de fournir des réponses politiques et sociales aux changements démographiques et économiques survenus dans divers pays industrialisés depuis le milieu des années 70. Le fruit de ce travail consiste en une compilation fascinante «… des résultats d'expériences menées à l'échelle nationale afin d'élaborer un paradigme social, économique et politique capable de résoudre de nouveaux problèmes dans l'organisation de la production et de la vie sociale» (p. 7). Conformément à l'intérêt des éditeurs vis-à-vis des analyses critiques du vieillissement, cet ouvrage repose sur l'hypothèse selon laquelle «… les transformations dans la structure de la vie se produisent à l'intersection des marchés du travail et de l'État…» (p. 7). Par conséquent, la Section I du livre, qui comporte huit chapitres, aborde la politique du vieillissement, tandis que la Section II, composée de cinq chapitres et d'un épilogue, met l'accent sur la situation des travailleurs âgés sur le marché du travail. Le principal point d'intérêt de cet ouvrage est dans les arguments au plan social que les différents pays fournissent afin de justifier leurs expériences à l'échelle nationale et favoriser leur mise en oeuvre. Le succès de la rhétorique dépend de la nature de la politique du vieillissement et de la configuration sousjacente des classes dans chaque pays.
Factors Affecting Sons' and Daughters' Caregiving to Older Parents
Authors: Crawford Lynn M. , Bond John B. , Balshaw Robert F. 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉL'aide de variables découlant de la théorie de l'attachement, cette étude examine les différences entre les sexes dans les types de soins donnés aux parents par les enfants d'âge adulte en fonction de plusieurs facteurs reposant sur la motivation et la structure. Cette étude analyse des données tirées du «Winnipeg Parent Support Project» (Projet de soutien auprès des parents de Winnipeg), qui portait sur l'aide informelle donnée par les fils et les filles âgés de 30 à 64 ans (n = 179). Soutenant les résultats d'études antérieures, l'analyse a démontré que les filles prodiguent davantage de soins que les fils. Les variables structurelles sur le plan de l'emploi, du mariage et de la présence des enfants n'ont donné aucun indicateur prévisionnel significatif sur la quantité de soins donnés par les fils et les filles. La théorie de l'attachement s'est révélée un facteur important. La dépendance perçue des parents, suivie par la fréquence des visites représentaient les plus importants facteurs d'incitation à la prestation de soins chez les fils et les filles. L'aptitude perçue des parents constituait également une variable chez les filles, mais non chez les fils. Les résultats n'ont pas soutenu la théorie d'échange: le facteur de réciprocité n'a pu permettre de prévoir le degré de participation à la prestation de soins. Les auteurs discutent de l'importance de comprendre le comportement des fils et des filles d'âge adulte qui prêtent main-forte.
Geochemical Risk Factors for Mental Functioning, Based on the Ontario Longitudinal Study of Aging (LSA) III. The Effects of Different Aluminum-containing Compounds
Authors: Forbes W. F. , Agwani N. 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉOn pousse plus loin les travaux antérieurs sur l'association entre les concentrations totales d'aluminium (Al) et une mesure de la déficience cognitive en tentant de relier cette mesure non seulement aux concentrations totales d'aluminium mais aussi à la turbidité et au carbone organique dissous, deux facteurs qui contribuent vraisemblablement de manière appréciable à la concentration d'aluminium. L'analyse multifactorielle, mais non l'analyse à deux variables, donne à entendre que la déficience cognitive augmente avec la turbidité et diminue avec la concentration de carbone organique dissous, et que cet effet est le plus marqué lorsque le pH est moyen. Les résultats obtenus pour les autres associations, notamment avec le fluor, le pH et la source d'eau potable (souterraine ou superficielle), sont comparables à ceux qui ont été signalés antérieurement.
Social Support in Older Age: Assessing the Impact of Marital and Parent Status
Authors: Connidis Ingrid Arnet , McMullin Julie A. 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉDans le cadre de cette étude, nous examinons les répercussions de la situation de parent et de l'état matrimonial sur (1) les fondations des réseaux de soutien sociaux et (2) l'identité des personnes auxquelles on fait appel afin d'obtenir de l'aide pour accomplir ses activités quotidiennes. Les données proviennent d'entrevues structurées menées auprès de 678 personnes de 55 ans et plus vivant à leur domicile à London, en Ontario. Aux fins de l'analyse, cet échantillon compte une surreprésentation des personnes sans enfant, des célibataires (personnes jamais mariées) et des personnes divorcées afin d'assurer un nombre adéquat dans chaque catégorie. Nos résultats ont démontré que l'état matrimonial a une plus grande influence que la situation de parent en ce qui touche les différences dans les fondations du réseau de soutien social. Toutefois, dans le cas des formes d'assistance plus spécialisées, les personnes divorcées et les célibataires sont plus susceptibles que les personnes mariées, et les personnes sans enfant que les parents, de faire appel aux services de soutien formels et aux services d'aide professionnels, et moins portés à se reposer sur la famille. De plus, tant dans le cas de l'état matrimonial que dans la situation de parent, les résultats démontrent une importante interaction entre les sexes.
Gender Specific Trends in Fitness and Anthropometric Parameters in a Selected Saskatchewan Sample, Aged 65–75 Years
Authors: McCulloch Robert G. , Clark Donald J. , Pike Ian , Slobodian Yvonne M. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThis investigation measured the physical fitness and anthropometrie parameters of a sample of 100 Saskatchewan women and men, aged 65 to 75 years. Subjects were grouped by age (65–69 years and 70–75 years) and these data were compared to the results from the Canada Fitness Survey (CFS) for women and men aged 65 to 69 years. In general, the Saskatchewan women in this study demonstrated an age-associated decline in the fitness and anthropometric variables measured. The Saskatchewan men, aged 65–69 years were significantly poorer in four variables (weight, sum of trunk skinfolds, Body Mass Index (BMI) and Maximal Oxygen Uptake (V02 MAX)) compared to the age-matched men tested in the CFS. However, the Saskatchewan men, aged 70–75 were not significantly different from the younger CFS subjects for these variables. Within limitations of the cross-sectional design, the results of this study indicate that Saskatchewan men in their early retirement years may require particular attention and further study with respect to their physical activity behaviour and fitness.
Predictors of Community Discharge from a Geriatric Assessment and Rehabilitation Unit
Authors: Pereles L. , Peitchinis J. , Jennings E. , Fung T. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThis study explored admission factors which predicted the successful return to the community of patients entering a Geriatric Assessment and Rehabilitation Program (GARP). A stepwise logistic regression technique was used to determine predictive factors from a consecutive sample of 100 medical or surgical geriatric patients admitted for a four to six week rehabilitation program. The significant independent predictors of discharge which could be determined at the time of admission were ability to safely medicate, admission from the community, GDS score and the number of supports. The ability to safely medicate may be an important but under-utilized predictor.
Robert L. Brown. Economic Security in an Aging Population. Butterworths Perspectives on Individual and Population Aging series. Toronto and Vancouver: Butterworths, 1991, pp. 137.
Authors: Fugère Denis 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTRobert Brown's work constitutes an excellent synthesis of the foreseeable evolution of income-security plans, as regards seniors and the problems relative to these plans in an aging-of-the-population context. However, it contains nothing new on the measures that the State should institute to diminish the effects of an aging population. Brown believes that retirement plans implemented by employers as well as personal retirement-savings plans should be the preferred forms of retirement savings encouraged by the government. Within this framework, the fiscal reform of 1990, which significantly increases the allowable deductions for a registered-retirement savings plan, comprises a step in the right direction. Unlike the author, I believe that public retirement plans like the Quebec Pension Plan (Q.P.P.) and the Canada Pension Plan (C.P.P.) should constitute the cornerstone of any policy on income security upon retirement. Consequently, in a an-aging-of-the-population context, it seems important to rapidly increase the level of contribution to these plans, in order to better capitalize them and to stabilize the long-term level of contribution. We should also study the possibility of integrating the old age income-security pension into these plans, so that the level of compensation for revenue from work guaranteed by the public plan is stabilized at a rate of 70 per cent for low-income earners and 40 per cent for middle-income earners, as is the case in the American social security plan.
Ethnic Differences in Later Life Friendship
Authors: de Vries Brian , Jacoby Carole , Davis Christopher G. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTData from the 1990 Canadian General Social Survey on Friends and Family were used to examine the relationship between ethnicity and patterns and characteristics of friendship in later life. Ethnicity (i.e. British, French, European – the most prevalent ethnic groups amongst Canadian seniors – and a “Multi-Ethnic” category) is examined in relation to the number of friends reported, satisfaction with friendships, and the geographic proximity to and frequency of contact with the closest identified friend, with attention also given to the factors of age, gender, and marital status. Although results indicate differences for both gender and marital status, ethnicity emerged as the most consistent predictor. Specifically, the French have fewer friends, they live closer to them and are in more frequent contact. The British live further from their friends, who are more numerous. The British and the French did not differ from each other in terms of satisfaction with friendship. The European and the Multi-Ethnic groups were similar across the comparisons made. These results are interpreted in the context of social support access and underscore the importance of including ethnicity in studies of aging and social relations.
Wives of Institutionalized Elderly Men: What Influences Satisfaction with Care?
Authors: Dawson Pam , Rosenthal Carolyn J. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThis paper examines, first of all, the levels of satisfaction of wives with the care of their institutionalized elderly husbands and changes in satisfaction over the nine months following the husband's admission to a long-term care facility. Secondly, the paper examines the relationships between satisfaction with care and: (a) the husband's care requirements prior to admission, and (b) wives' physical and psychosocial health following admission. Data are taken from a longitudinal study of wives' responses to the institutionalization of elderly husbands. The subsample in this paper consists of 46 wives who remained in the study nine months after the husband's admission. Wives reported fairly high levels of satisfaction. Changes did not occur over time in overall satisfaction, satisfaction with the arrangements for husband's care, or satisfaction with time for information. A significant decline over time was found, however, with respect to satisfaction with the facility. Pre-admission factors (husbands' need for assistance and wives' perceived burden) showed little relationship to wives' subsequent satisfaction with care. As well, wives' physical health was unrelated to satisfaction. In contrast, wives with better psychosocial health (as indicated by morale, affect, depressive symptoms and social interaction) tended to be more satisfied with care.
Brian L. Mishara et Robert G. Riedel. Le vieillissement. 3e éd. Paris: Presse Universitaire de France, 1994.
Authors: Pérodeau Guilhème 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThis is the third edition of a book published at the beginning of the 80s. According to Mishara and his colleagues, as many studies in gerontology have been undertaken in the last decade as the previous 50 years. In order to update the last edition, the authors kept the same format as in the other editions. Leaving aside more recent studies showing the same conclusions as in the earlier editions, the authors instead added studies which present new elements or which possibly may invalidate or confirm ambiguous results from the past. The themes discussed are practically the same as in the previous edition. A new chapter was added on the use of medicines and drugs by the elderly. The chapters pertaining to death and grief are of particular interest. This book, although academic, has a flowing style and is a great added value to a library if the reader does not have any of the previous editions.
Soutien social et symptômes dépressifs au sein des personnes âgées
Authors: Landreville Philippe , Cappeliez Philippe 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThere is great interest in identifying psychological and social variables associated with depressive symptoms in older adults. The goal of this article is to review the literature on the relationship between social support and depressive symptoms in the elderly and to identify the mechanisms involved in this relationship. The review indicates that both structural and functional dimensions of social support are inversely related to depressive symptoms in elderly persons. In addition, there is evidence supporting both the main effect model and the buffering effect model of social support. It is unclear, however, whether observation of these effects depends on the type of measure used to assess social support. A better understanding of the relationship between social support and depression requires the consideration of more precise dimensions of social support as well as the nature of the Stressors experienced by older people.
Stress and Psychotropic Drug Use among the Elderly: An Exploratory Model
Authors: Pérodeau Guillème M. , King Suzanne , Ostoj Micheline 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉL'objectif de la présente étude était de tester un modèle de cheminement causal de l'effet du stress et divers autres facteurs sur l'utilisation de psychotropes par des personnes âgées en nous appuyant sur des facteurs d'ordre individuel plutôt que social. Les participants étaient des bénéficiaires d'un service de maintien plutôt que de soins à domicile. Les données sont basées sur une série de deux entrevues (à une semaine d'intervalle) faites au domicile de 99 utilisateurs de médicaments psychotropes provenant d'une banlieue socialement défavorisée d'une grande ville canadienne. Le modèle de cheminement causal initial contribue à une partie appréciable (19%) de la variance dans la consommation de psychotropes. Les prédicteurs qui composent notre modèle final, expliquant 17 pour cent de la variance dans la consommation de médicaments sont l'âge, le sexe, les attitudes envers les psychotropes et les événements de vie. Les personnes plus jeunes consomment plus de psychotropes que les plus vieux. Une attitude positive envers les psychotropes et le fait d'appartenir au sexe féminin est associée à un niveau de consommation élevé. L'analyse de cheminement causal n'a pas confirmé notre modèle de consommation de psychotropes en fonction du stress et a plutôt mis à jour de nouvelles questions liées aux facteurs sociaux. Des explications sont offertes à cet effet. Des suggestions de recherche futures ainsi que les retombées cliniques des données sont présentées dans la conclusion.
J.E. Thornton and D.J. MacDougall. Law and Legal Services for an Aging Population. Vancouver: University of British Columbia, Committee on Gerontology, Faculty of Graduate Studies, 1990, pp. 180.
Authors: Poirier Donald 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTLaw and Legal Services for an Aging Population is a report in three parts. The first part deals with substantive law in areas such as access to legal services, discrimination on the basis of age, and protection of the elderly person. That first part contains a good review of some legal aspects of protection against elder abuse. Other aspects which are becoming very important such as powers of attorney in medical decisions are only touched in passing, while others such as housing accommodations and the rights of elderly persons in nursing homes are simply ignored. The second part presents the results of a survey carried in Greater Vancouver purporting to assess existing and future demands for legal services and obstacles thereto. The results are interesting mainly because so little research has been undertaken in this area. There is no conclusion and no specific recommendations result from this survey. The Third part presents a good annotated bibliography of legal cases and scholarship on selective law issues affecting elderly persons.
Transportation Problems of the Rural Elderly: A Needs Assessment
Authors: Grant Peter R. , Rice Bruce 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTA mail-out survey method was used to assess the transportation needs of seniors living in relatively remote rural areas of Saskatchewan. In all 1675 questionnaires were returned for an 87% return rate. Results showed that the transportation-disadvantaged were very old widowed women living alone on a small income in a village or small town who were particularly likely to be lonely, in poor health, and physically frail. Two types of transportation needs were identified: the need to make local trips at least once a week and the need for transportation to a district centre at least once a month. Examples of volunteer, locally-run transportation systems that might meet these needs and be cost-effective are reviewed.
A Self-Monitoring Method of Resident Care Quality Assurance in Long Term Care Facilities
Authors: Chambers Larry W. , Caulfield Pat , Magenheim Mark , Ann Mohide E. , Rudnick Vince , Tugwell Peter , Bayne J.R.D. , Baptiste Sue , King Michelle , Pill Miriam 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTQuality assurance packages for common health problems are being developed for use in long term care settings. Each package includes a criteria map outlining explicit process and outcome criteria, a reviewer's manual and data summary forms. The packages were developed for use by direct care providers in long term care facilities. Established criteria are applied to records on resident care in order to identify areas which require remedial actions. A feasibility study to assess the use of the packages in eleven nursing homes is reported.
An Outcome Evaluation of an In-Service Training Program for Nursing Home Aides
Authors: Skinkle Rodney R. , Grant Peter R. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTNursing home aides are the primary care providers for the institutionalized elderly but, until recently, aides have received very little formal training. Recognizing this, some community colleges have implemented in-service training programs. This paper presents the results of an impact assessment of the Saskatchewan program offered by Kelsey Institute of Applied Arts and Science. The sample included 86 aides from 16 nursing homes selected at random from both rural and urban areas. Results from this study show that program graduates knew significantly more about simple nursing skills, the aging process, and the philosophy of long term care in comparison to aides from nursing homes that did not offer this in-service training (non-participants). Program graduates were also significantly more likely to describe their health care team as functioning effectively. However, attitudes of program graduates toward the elderly were not significantly different from non-participants. The vast majority of the aides, whether trained or untrained, held positive attitudes toward the elderly. Implications and limitations of these results are discussed in conjunction with information from interviews with three Directors of Care who have experience implementing and supervising this in-service training program.