bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A cost‐effectiveness study of a patient‐centred integrated care pathway
Authors: Olsson Lars‐Eric , Hansson Elisabeth , Ekman Inger , Karlsson Jón 
Published: June 2009

AbstractTitle.  A cost‐effectiveness study of a patient‐centred integrated care pathway. Aim.  The aim of the study was to compare costs and consequences for an integrated care pathway intervention group with those of a usual care group for patients admitted with hip fracture.Background.  Rehabilitation for patients with hip fracture consists of training in hospital and/or in a rehabilitation unit, and on their own at home with assistance from community care staff. It is important for hospitals to provide methods of care that can safeguard these older patients’ physical function and potential for independent living.Methods.  A consecutive sample of 112 independently living participants, aged 65 years or older and admitted to hospital with a hip fracture, were included in the study. Data were collected over an 18‐month period in 2003–2005. A cost‐effectiveness analysis was performed to compare an integrated care pathway intervention (treatment A) with usual care (treatment B).Results.  There was a 40% reduction for each participant in the average total cost of treatment A of €9685 vs. €15,984 for treatment B. Moreover, clinical effectiveness was much improved. The cost‐effectiveness ratio for treatment A was €14,840 vs. €31,908 for treatment B. In addition, 75% of the participants in treatment A were successfully rehabilitated vs. 55% in treatment B.Conclusions.  The recovery trajectory for hip fracture surgery may be shortened if nurses pay more attention to the individual patient’s resources and motivation for rehabilitation. The application of an integrated care pathway with individualized care appears to enhance both rehabilitation outcomes and cost‐effectiveness.
Caring for abused women: impact on nurses’ professional and personal life experiences
Authors: Goldblatt Hadass 
Published: June 2009

AbstractTitle. Caring for abused women: impact on nurses’ professional and personal lifeexperiences.Aim. This article is a report of a study of the impact of caring for abused women on nurses’ professional and personal life experiences.Background. Encountering abused women can have emotional, cognitive and behavioural influences on nurses, known as vicarious traumatization. They may feel incompetent to deal with such an overwhelming problem and may avoid screening survivors of abuse. Thus, nurses treating these survivors need to be aware of their attitudes, emotions and differential responses during these interactions.Method. A phenomenological study was carried out in 2005 in Israel. The data were collected using in‐depth, interviews with 22 female Israeli nurses in hospitals and community healthcare clinics.Findings. Data analysis revealed one main theme, ‘Struggling on work and home fronts’, based on two subthemes: ‘Encounter with domestic violence: a challenge to nurses’ professional role perception’ and ‘Between work and home’. Nurses experience perplexity regarding abused women and their professional care. Encounters with these women challenge nurses’ personal and professional attitudes, as well as influencing their personal lives (intimate relationships, parenthood and gender attitudes). These encounters induce empathy and compassion, but also anger and criticism towards abused women, creating emotional labour for the nurses.Conclusion. The dissonance between personal values, attitudes and emotions and the desirable professional intervention procedures might impede nurses’ performance in caring for abused women. Implementing training programmes for screening and intervening with abused women might reduce the emotional labour required, enhance nurses’ responses to domestic violence, and enable personal growth.
Characterizing violence in health care in British Columbia
Authors: Kling Rakel N. , Yassi Annalee , Smailes Elizabeth , Lovato Chris Y. , Koehoorn Mieke 
Published: June 2009

AbstractTitle.  Characterizing violence in health care in British Columbia. Background.  The high rate of violence in the healthcare sector supports the need for greater surveillance efforts.Aim.  The purpose of this study was to use a province‐wide workplace incident reporting system to calculate rates and identify risk factors for violence in the British Columbia healthcare industry by occupational groups, including nursing.Methods.  Data were extracted for a 1‐year period (2004–2005) from the Workplace Health Indicator Tracking and Evaluation database for all employee reports of violence incidents for four of the six British Columbia health authorities. Risk factors for violence were identified through comparisons of incident rates (number of incidents/100,000 worked hours) by work characteristics, including nursing occupations and work units, and by regression models adjusted for demographic factors.Results.  Across health authorities, three groups at particularly high risk for violence were identified: very small healthcare facilities [rate ratios (RR) = 6·58, 95% CI =3·49, 12·41], the care aide occupation (RR = 10·05, 95% CI = 6·72, 15·05), and paediatric departments in acute care hospitals (RR = 2·22, 95% CI = 1·05, 4·67).Conclusions.  The three high‐risk groups warrant targeted prevention or intervention efforts be implemented. The identification of high‐risk groups supports the importance of a province‐wide surveillance system for public health planning.
Elective caesarean section as a transformative technological process: players, power and context
Authors: Hewer Nancy , Boschma Geertje , Hall Wendy A. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractTitle.  Elective caesarean section as a transformative technological process: players,power and context. Aim.  In this paper we present a critical analysis of the debate surrounding elective caesarean section using the Social Construction of Technology perspective as a framework of analysis.Background.  The rate of caesarean section births is increasing worldwide in industrialized countries. Reasons given for the increase include women’s characteristics, care providers’ attitudes, prevention of pelvic floor disorders and adverse outcomes.Data Sources.  CINAHL, PubMed, Ovid, Academic Search Premier and Cochrane Data bases were searched for the years 2000 to 2007 using search terms elective caesarean section, caesarean section on demand and maternal choice caesarean section.Discussion.  The social constructivist approach explains how caesarean section as a mode of delivery has been transformed from an emergency to an elective procedure. Analysing elective caesarean section as a socially constructed technological process exposes positions taken by obstetricians, midwives, perinatal nurses and women, including the power dynamics and contextual influences.Conclusion.  The Social Construction of Technology perspective creates space for perinatal nurses to examine the implications of the use and meaning of elective caesarean section in a broader social context. Examining elective caesarean section from the Social Construction of Technology perspective exposes an emphasis on safety and risk for the foetus, while avoiding the equally important goal of promoting optimal postnatal health for mothers and infants. The Social Construction of Technology perspective highlights how those who define the problem control the solution.
The nature of advocacy vs. paternalism in nursing: clarifying the ‘thin line’
Authors: Zomorodi Meg , Foley Barbara Jo 
Published: June 2009

AbstractTitle.  The nature of advocacy vs. paternalism in nursing: clarifying the ‘thin line’. Aim.  This paper is an exploration of the concepts of advocacy and paternalism in nursing and discusses the thin line between the two.Background.  Nurses are involved in care more than any other healthcare professionals and they play a central role in advocating for patients and families. It is difficult to obtain a clear definition of advocacy, yet the concepts of advocacy and paternalism must be compared, contrasted, and discussed extensively. In many situations, only a thin line distinguishes advocacy from paternalism.Data sources.  A literature search was conducted using PubMed and CINAHL databases (2000–2008) as well as a library catalogue for texts.Discussion.  Four case stories were described in order to discuss the ‘thin line’ between advocacy and paternalism and develop communication strategies to eliminate ambiguity. Weighing the ethical principles of beneficence and autonomy helps to clarify advocacy and paternalism and provides an avenue for discussion among nurses practicing in a variety of settings.Implications for nursing.  Advocacy and paternalism should be discussed at interdisciplinary rounds, and taken into consideration when making patient care decisions. It is difficult to clarify advocacy vs. paternalism, but strategies such as knowing the patient, clarifying information, and educating all involved are initial steps in distinguishing advocacy from paternalism.Conclusion.  Truly ‘knowing’ patients, their life experiences, values, beliefs and wishes can help clarify the ‘thin line’ and gain a grasp of these difficult to distinguish theoretical concepts.
Coitus interruptus as a contraceptive method: Turkish women’s perceptions and experiences
Authors: Çiftçioğlu Sibel , Erci Behice 
Published: June 2009

AbstractTitle.  Coitus interruptus as a contraceptive method: Turkish women’s perceptions and experiences Aim.  This paper is a report of a study conducted to determine the perceptions and experiences of coitus interruptus as a contraceptive method used by married women in Turkey.Background.  Various factors affect women’s choice of contraceptive methods. One of these factors is socioeconomic status, which may have an effect on the practice of coitus interruptus by women. Socioeconomic status refers to the relative position of a family or individual in a hierarchical social structure based on their access to or control over wealth, prestige and power.Methods.  The study population consisted of married Turkish women from two different socioeconomic status groups in Turkey who were currently using coitus interruptus. Structured interviews on their demographic characteristics and perceptions and experiences of coitus interruptus were carried out between August 2004 and August 2005 with a convenience sample of 422 women (response rate 97·2%).Findings.  Most participants were satisfied with the practice of coitus interruptus. Conception was the most common reason for discontinuing practice of the method. Age and educational level of participants did not affect failure in coitus interruptus practice in women of either socioeconomic status. The majority of the women of both socioeconomic statuses began practising coitus interruptus again after having stopped.Conclusions.  Women generally favoured coitus interruptus, believing in its efficacy and safety, and stated that both women and their husbands preferred to use it. Nurses and midwives should promote knowledge of all effective methods for fertility regulation while women are in the fertile ages.
Assigning poetry reading as a way of introducing students to qualitative data analysis
Authors: Raingruber Bonnie 
Published: June 2009

AbstractTitle.  Assigning poetry reading as a way of introducing students to qualitative dataanalysis. Aim.  The aim of the paper is to explain how poetry reading can be used to teach interpretive analysis of qualitative data.Background.  A number of studies were located in the nursing literature that focused on using poetry to help students develop empathy for patients, to teach students to reflect on their own practice, and to assist them in developing self‐understanding. No studies were found that described the use of poetry reading as a way of teaching the skill of interpretive analysis. There are, however, a number of parallels between the principles of poetry reading and qualitative analysis that suggest that this method of teaching would be successful.Data sources.  International papers published on PubMed, Medline, and CINAHL were reviewed to identify challenges facing educators and ways of teaching the process of qualitative data analysis using poetry reading.Findings.  Using poetry reading to teach skills of qualitative data analysis helps motivate students, cultivates a reflective mindset, and develops the skill of working as a member of an interpretive group. Framing interpretive work as being like reading poetry helps students pick up more quickly on the art that is a major component of the work. This approach also helps students learn the importance of cultural and contextual particulars as they begin analyzing qualitative data.Conclusion.  Using poetry reading to introduce students to the complex skill of qualitative data analysis is an effective pedagogical strategy.
Effect of dietary behaviour modification on anthropometric indices and eating behaviour in obese adolescent girls
Authors: Sarvestani Raheleh Sabet , Jamalfard Mohammad Hoseein , Kargar Marziye , Kaveh Mohammad Hoseein , Tabatabaee Hamid Reza 
Published: June 2009

AbstractTitle.  Effect of dietary behaviour modification on anthropometric indices and eating behaviour in obese adolescent girls. Aim.  This paper is a report of a study conducted to evaluate the effects of behaviour modification on anthropometric indices and to explore if behaviour modification could improve eating behaviour in adolescents.Background.  Obesity is currently the most important nutritional disease of children and adolescents. To date, several attempts to achieve weight loss in children have been made, but little is known about their effects on improving eating behaviours.Method.  Sixty obese adolescent girls participated in a behaviour modification program which was held for 16 weeks in 2007. The participants were randomly selected from two different schools and were assigned to an experimental and control group (30 participants each). Anthropometric indices and eating behaviours were assessed before and after the program. Eating behaviour was assessed using the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire.Result.  There were statistically significant differences in changes in body weight (−2·75 kg vs. 0·62 kg), body mass index (−1·07 kg/m2 vs. 0·24 kg/m2) and arm circumference (−2·31 cm vs. 0·5 cm) in the experimental group in contrast to controls (P < 0·001). There were also statistically significant differences in scores for eating behaviour, emotional eating (0·63, 0·17), external eating (0·99, 0·05) and restrained eating (0·72, 0·03) in the experimental vs. the control group respectively (P < 0·001).Conclusion.  Nurses, more than other healthcare professionals, can address obesity in adolescents and they should not concentrate solely on weight reduction, but also encourage children to acquire a healthy lifestyle.
Patients’ experiences of living with irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Rønnevig Marit , Vandvik Per Olav , Bergbom Ingegerd 
Published: June 2009

AbstractTitle.  Patients’ experiences of living with irritable bowel syndrome. Aim.  This paper is a report of a study conducted to describe people’s experiences, and meanings of these, while living with irritable bowel syndrome.Background.  Irritable bowel syndrome is characterized by abdominal pain, diarrhoea and/or constipation, distension and bloating. Such symptoms are stigmatized in western societies. Patients may experience negative attitudes from healthcare personnel, and they can feel helpless and frustrated trying to control symptoms.Method.  A qualitative, hermeneutic approach was used. Open‐ended interviews were conducted during 2005–2006 with 13 patients currently diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome. The interview setting was a rural healthcare centre or the person’s home. An interpretive analysis of the data was performed.Findings.  Four interwoven themes were identified in the data: Living with unpredictability, represented by the subthemes ‘not being in control’, ‘not being able to trust’ and ‘invasion of privacy’; preserving dignity, described by ‘living with sacrifice’, ‘taking command’ and ‘fulfilling obligations’; ‘reconciling struggle’; and ‘living with comorbidity’.Conclusion.  The unpredictability and taboos of irritable bowel syndrome made these people suffer, feel constrained and dependent. Dignity was preserved both by sacrifices and taking command. Healthcare personnel should allow patients to talk about their suffering and discomfort to decrease their experience of suffering. Our study contributes to a more nuanced understanding of life with this unpleasant companion, the suffering it creates and the threats to dignity and health.
Health‐promoting behavior and quality of life among caregivers and non‐caregivers in Taiwan: a comparative study
Authors: Lo Mei Han 
Published: June 2009

AbstractTitle.  Health‐promoting behavior and quality of life among caregivers and noncaregiversin Taiwan: a comparative study. Aim.  This paper is a report of a study conducted to compare middle‐aged female family caregivers and non‐caregivers in terms of: (a) differences in quality of life and health‐promoting lifestyle behaviors; and (b) the relationship between health‐promoting lifestyle behaviors and quality of life.Background.  Caregiving for older relatives is a stressful responsibility that detracts from the quality of life of female caregivers and imposes barriers to practising healthy behaviors. Recent studies on caregiving responsibilities have been primarily conducted in Western cultural contexts, with few studies of Chinese groups.Method.  This cross‐sectional, comparative study included a convenience sample of 39 female caregivers and 98 non‐caregivers recruited in southern Taiwan in 2007. Data were collected using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument‐BREF Taiwanese version and Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile II.Results.  The majority of caregivers reported a low level of caregiving input with family support. They also reported a statistically significantly higher proportion of health‐promoting behaviors than non‐caregivers, although quality of life did not differ between the two groups. Practising healthy behaviors may more strongly influence quality of life in caregivers than in non‐caregivers.Conclusion.  Policymakers should consider direct family support and uphold the value of family cohesion in order to maintain healthy behaviors and a high quality of life in family caregivers. Further studies with larger and more comparably‐sized participant groups are recommended to investigate the interactions between levels of care, family support, caregiving consequences, health‐promoting behaviors and the caregivers’ quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes: children and adolescents’ knowledge and questions
Authors: Roper Susanne Olsen , Call Amanda , Leishman Joan , Cole Ratcliffe G. , Mandleco Barbara L. , Dyches Tina T. , Marshall Elaine S. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractTitle.  Type 1 diabetes: children and adolescents’ knowledge and questions. Aim.  This paper is a report of a study conducted to describe what children and adolescents who have type 1 diabetes know and want to know about the disease.Background.  Research indicates that young people’s knowledge of diabetes may minimize their health complications, because with greater knowledge they may engage in more effective management practices and adherence.Methods.  In this qualitative study, a purposive sample of 58 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes were interviewed in 2005 about what they knew and wanted to know about their disease. Through a process of induction, major themes were identified from the data.Findings.  The six major themes were: (a) Care, including both physical and emotional care, (b) Physiology, (c) Consequences, including both short‐ and long‐term, as well as positive and negative consequences, (d) Cure, (e) Effects on the Family and (f) Experience at Diagnosis. Themes related to the unique challenges associated with type 1 diabetes were also identified.Conclusion.  Nurses, diabetes educators and parents should provide developmentally appropriate information about diabetes care and management, scaffolding on existing knowledge. They should provide child‐centred contexts in which children and adolescents can freely ask questions about their condition and problem‐solve. Programmes that allow young people to develop coping skills and share experiences could also prove beneficial.
Migrant nurses’ perceptions and attitudes of integration into the perioperative setting
Authors: Cummins Theresa 
Published: June 2009

AbstractTitle.  Migrant nurses’ perceptions and attitudes of integration into the perioperative setting. Aim.  This paper is a report of a study conducted to examine migrant nurses’ perceptions and attitudes of integration into the perioperative setting.Background.  Adapting to a new culture can be overwhelming for many nurses working in foreign countries. Currently, the Republic of Ireland appears to rely heavily on migrant nurses because of persistent nursing shortages over the last decade. To date, there is little research on how the integration process affects migrant nurses in Ireland.Method.  A quantitative descriptive design was used. Data were collected in 2007 using questionnaires distributed to 220 migrant perioperative nurses working in four hospitals in Ireland.Results.  There were communication issues between migrant nurses and their work colleagues. Forty‐nine percent of migrant nurses found that work practices were different from those in their home countries. Cultural differences were also an issue. Ninety percent of respondents found the support of preceptors beneficial and 96% found hospital orientation programmes valuable.Conclusion.  Workshops and in‐service education are needed on key practices and procedures performed in the perioperative setting for all new staff. Specific learning outcomes and an achievement timeframe should be developed for each new nurse, based on their previous experience and level of knowledge. Migrant nurses not accustomed to delegating and being assertive need to be supported and given time to acquire these skills and to gain confidence.
Non‐psychiatric hospitalization of people with mental illness: systematic review
Authors: Zolnierek Cindy Diamond 
Published: June 2009

AbstractTitle.  Non‐psychiatric hospitalization of people with mental illness: systematicreview. Aim.  This paper is a report of a literature review of the evidence regarding outcomes experienced by severely mentally ill individuals hospitalized in general medical‐surgical settings for non‐psychiatric conditions.Background.  Severely mentally ill individuals experience chronic medical illnesses at a rate greater than the general population. When hospitalized in non‐psychiatric settings, they tend to be experienced as ‘difficult’ by nurses and to have longer lengths of stay.Data sources.  The CINAHL and PUBMED databases were searched from 1 to 9 March 2008 to identify studies published between 1998 and 2008 investigating outcomes among people with mental illness hospitalized for non‐psychiatric illness in general hospitals.Methods.  Included studies were those published in English in peer reviewed journals and investigating patient outcomes. The studies were reviewed for relevance and inclusion criteria; the methodological quality of studies was not evaluated.Results.  Twelve studies met inclusion criteria. All studies examining length of stay, costs of care or resource utilization showed increased measures for patients with psychiatric comorbidity. Interventions described included psychiatric liaison psychiatry and nursing, which failed to demonstrate improvement in outcomes.Conclusion.  Nurses play a pivotal role in improving the inpatient care of this vulnerable population, but they struggle in their attempts to do so. Research to determine the best approaches to promote nurses’ knowledge, positive attitudes and self‐confidence in caring for patients with psychiatric comorbidity is needed. Investigation of the patient perspective on the inpatient experience might also provide insight for designing effective care processes.