bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adverse perinatal outcomes are strongly associated with degree of abnormality in uterine artery Doppler pulsatility index
Authors: Dockree S. , Aye C. , Ioannou C. , Cavallaro A. , Black R. , Impey L. ,   the Oxford Growth Restriction Identification Programme Group (OxGRIP)
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo investigate the association between varying degrees of abnormality in the Doppler uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA‐PI) and adverse perinatal outcome.MethodsThis was a prospective study of women with a singleton, non‐anomalous pregnancy in whom UtA‐PI was measured universally in midpregnancy and who gave birth in Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK, between 2016 and 2023. Relative risk ratios (RRR) for the primary outcomes of extended perinatal mortality and live birth with a severe small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) neonate were calculated using multinomial logistic regression, for early preterm birth (before 34 + 0 weeks' gestation) and late preterm/term birth (at or after 34 + 0 weeks). Risks were also investigated for iatrogenic preterm birth and a composite adverse outcome before 34 + 0 weeks.ResultsOverall, 33 364 pregnancies were included in the analysis. Compared to those with a normal UtA‐PI, the risk of extended perinatal mortality with delivery before 34 + 0 weeks was higher in women with UtA‐PI ≥ 90th percentile (RRR, 4.7 (95% CI, 2.7–8.0); P < 0.001), but this was not demonstrated in births at or after 34 + 0 weeks. The risk of live birth with severe SGA was associated strongly with abnormal UtA‐PI for early births (RRR, 26.0 (95% CI, 11.6–58.2); P < 0.001) and later births (RRR, 2.3 (95% CI, 1.8–2.9); P < 0.001). Women with raised UtA‐PI were more likely to have an early iatrogenic birth (RRR, 7.8 (95% CI, 5.5–11.2); P < 0.001). For each outcome before 34 + 0 weeks and the composite outcome, the risk increased significantly in association with the degree of abnormality in the UtA‐PI (from < 90th, 90–94th, 95–98th to ≥ 99th percentile) (Ptrend < 0.001). When using the 90th percentile as opposed to the 95th, there was a significant improvement in the overall predictive accuracy (as determined by the area under the receiver‐operating‐characteristics curve) for the composite adverse outcome (χ2 = 6.64, P = 0.01) and iatrogenic preterm birth (χ2 = 4.10, P = 0.04).ConclusionsElevated UtA‐PI is a key predictor of iatrogenic preterm birth, severe SGA and perinatal loss up to 34 + 0 weeks' gestation. The 90th percentile for UtA‐PI should be used, and management should be tailored according to the degree of abnormality, as pregnancies with very raised UtA‐PI measurement constitute a group at extreme risk of adverse outcome. © 2024 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
A topic modeling‐based bibliometric exploration of automatic summarization research
Authors: Chen Xieling , Xie Haoran , Tao Xiaohui , Xu Lingling , Wang Jingjing , Dai Hong‐Ning , Wang Fu Lee 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe surge in text data has driven extensive research into developing diverse automatic summarization approaches to effectively handle vast textual information. There are several reviews on this topic, yet no large‐scale analysis based on quantitative approaches has been conducted. To provide a comprehensive overview of the field, this study conducted a bibliometric analysis of 3108 papers published from 2010 to 2022, focusing on automatic summarization research regarding topics and trends, top sources, countries/regions, institutions, researchers, and scientific collaborations. We have identified the following trends. First, the number of papers has experienced 65% growth, with the majority being published in computer science conferences. Second, Asian countries and institutions, notably China and India, actively engage in this field and demonstrate a strong inclination toward inter‐regional international collaboration, contributing to more than 24% and 20% of the output, respectively. Third, researchers show a high level of interest in multihead and attention mechanisms, graph‐based semantic analysis, and topic modeling and clustering techniques, with each topic having a prevalence of over 10%. Finally, scholars have been increasingly interested in self‐supervised and zero/few‐shot learning, multihead and attention mechanisms, and temporal analysis and event detection. This study is valuable when it comes to enhancing scholars' and practitioners' understanding of the current hotspots and future directions in automatic summarization.This article is categorized under:
Algorithmic Development > Text Mining
Lost expectations from a watershed moment: The 2023 UN Water Conference
Authors: Adeel Zafar 
Published: April 2024

Highlights

The anticipation and optimism surrounding the 2023 UN Water Conference led to high expectations in addressing the global water challenges.
The international community gathered in New York did not avail some key opportunities to create robust water institutions and implementation mechanisms.
A drastic change in financial mobilization for global water challenges is required, and it must go together with significant institutional enhancements.
The global water crisis must be considered a standalone issue and so propagated, while creating meaningful engagements with other sectors of the economy.
Role of supranational bodies in regulating water cooperation: Central Asian experience
Authors: Kuspayev Ural , Dalelkhan Aibolat , Sheryazdanova Kamilla , Volkov Aleksey 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGrowing environmental problems in recent decades have made the water issue one of the most important agenda items in relations between the countries of the Central Asian (CA) region. Because water is a strategic resource and, at the same time, the foundation of social and economic development in CA, it is possible to assume that the settlement of water allocation problems will become a driving force for the development of regional interaction. The study aims to analyze the importance of supranational bodies in regulating water cooperation between the states of the CA region. The methodological basis of the study was built based on a combination of such theoretical methods of cognition as historical, structural‐functional, forecasting, and political and legal analysis, as well as an institutional approach. The main study results consist of assessing the efficiency of water resources use in the CA region, formulating areas of cooperation between the states in this sector after independence and up to the present, analyzing the role of functioning and under‐construction hydropower facilities in stimulating the resolution of water and energy challenges, and formulating initiatives of the countries of the region in solving existing water problems. In addition, it identified points of convergence in transboundary water use, analyzed steps to further deepen cooperation in water allocation among CA countries, and assessed the activities of supranational bodies in regulating water cooperation. The work can be applied in research and applied areas: It can be useful for scientists whose interests include water management issues in the CA region, as well as for government officials in the CA countries who implement policies in this area.
Primitivizing the Hindus: Hindus as Oppressive and Hierarchical
Authors: Singh Kundan , Maheshwari Krishna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe contentions of the Francophone postcolonial thinkers are proven fair and square when critically examining Mill’s chapters on the Hindu people in the History. This chapter thoroughly exposes the various parameters on which Mill characterized the Hindu people, Hinduism, and Ancient India as savage and barbaric. One of his chief refrains in describing the Hindu people as savage was that they have been hierarchical and oppressive since the beginning of the times. Their social order, governance laws, and taxation structure, among others, have been hierarchical and oppressive since antiquity. He uses the worst of human vices to represent the Hindu people, which reveals that his discourse is racist. We have undertaken a thorough expose of Mill’s contentions to demonstrate how the grade-school discourse on India and Hinduism carries his distinct stamp in a later chapter.
Theoretische Bezugspunkte
Authors: Holztrattner Melanie 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungDass die Bestimmung des Begriffs (früher) Kindheit keineswegs so deutlich – und schon gar nicht historisch überdauernd – ist, wie auf den ersten Augenblick vielleicht angenommen, zeigt sich spätestens ab der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts in Rückgriff auf die Analysen von Philippe Ariès (1984), der auf den erheblichen historischen Wandel von Kindheit(sverständnissen) verweist. Auch gegenwärtig scheint es nach wie vor nicht möglich zu sein, das Konzept (früher) Kindheit in seinem ontologischen Kern und seiner Konturierung klar zu bestimmen: „Im Alltagsgebrauch ist es unproblematisch, aber bei einer genaueren Definition und Klärung der Konzepte wird es doch schnell schwierig – wenn nicht sogar unmöglich“.
Positivity of the hypergeometric Coon amplitude
Authors: Wang Bo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We utilize a novel method for the partial-wave unitarity recently suggested in [1] to analyse the hypergeometric Coon amplitude. In this approach we use a new type of harmonic numbers as a basis. Owing to the properties of the harmonic numbers this method bypasses lots of difficulties and can be used to derive a clear and unified form for the partial-wave coefficients. This new approach further streamlines the partial-wave unitarity analysis. As an instance, we re-derive the unitarity bounds from Regge trajectory analysis and find the new critical condition of the hypergeometric Coon amplitude. Our new method also benefits the discussion on the various limits of this amplitude. Specifically, we demonstrate the manifest positivity of super string below d ≤ 10 from our new perspective.
Analysis of a Sturm–Liouville Problem Arising in Atmosphere
Authors: Marynets Kateryna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe present recent results in study of a mathematical model of the sea-breeze flow, arising from a general model of the ’morning glory’ phenomena. Based on analysis of the Dirichlet spectrum of the corresponding Sturm–Liouville problem and application of the Fredholm alternative, we establish conditions of existence/uniqueness of solutions to the given problem.
Quality of orthodontic care—A multicenter cohort study in a German convenience sample
Authors: Graf Isabelle , Bock Niko Christian , Bartzela Theodosia , Röper Vera , Schumann Uwe , Reck Karl , Helms Hans-Joachim , Hoefer Karolin , Fritz Ulrike , Wolf Michael , Wiechmann Dirk , Jost-Brinkmann Paul-Georg , Ruf Sabine , Braumann Bert 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objectives
In light of the growing interest in orthodontic care and its effectiveness in Germany, part 2 of this multicenter cohort study evaluated patient-reported outcomes such as oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), oral hygiene habits, oral health beliefs, and potential influencing factors.

Methods
Of 586 patients screened from seven German study centers, data from 343 patients were analyzed for this part of the study. At the end of their orthodontic treatment, study participants filled out a questionnaire of either the German long version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-G 49) or the German short version of the Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP-19), depending on their age, as well as questions about their oral hygiene behavior and beliefs. Patient-, treatment- and occlusion-related factors were analyzed to account for potential influencing factors with regard to patients’ OHRQoL after orthodontic treatment.

Results
In all, 222 study participants filled out the OHIP-based and 121 the COHIP-based questionnaire. The mean OHIP-G 49 score was 12.68 and the mean OHIP-G 14 score was 3.09; the mean COHIP-19 score was 6.52 (inverted score 69.48). For OHIP-G 49 scores, a nonsignificant trend towards a higher score for male patients (14.45 vs 11.54; p = 0.061) was detected, while this trend was inverse for the COHIP-19 scores, i.e., female patients reported more impairment (total score 6.99 vs. 5.84; p = 0.099). Analyses suggested a trend towards better OHRQoL for patients who classified for the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) Index improvement rate group ‘greatly improved’ as well as for nonsmokers. Oral hygiene habits and beliefs after orthodontic treatment were estimated to be good.

Conclusion
In this German cohort, OHRQoL proved to be good and was rather unimpaired after orthodontic treatment. Furthermore, self-reported oral hygiene behavior and oral health beliefs represented good health awareness.
Die neue Weiterbildungsordnung – eine Herausforderung für die Viszeralchirurgie
Authors: Schardey Josefine , Hüttl Florentine , Jacobsen Anne , Brunner Stefanie , Tripke Verena , Wirth Ulrich , Werner Jens , Kalff Jörg C. , Sommer Nils , Huber Tobias 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die neue kompetenzbasierte Weiterbildungsordnung (nWBO) für chirurgische Weiterbildungen wurde mittlerweile von allen deutschen Landesärztekammern übernommen.

Methoden
Von Mai bis Juni 2023 führte die Arbeitsgemeinschaft Junge Chirurgie (CAJC) eine anonymisierte Onlineumfrage unter den 5896 Mitgliedern der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie (DGAV) durch.

Ziel
Ziel der Arbeit war es, die Erwartungen an die nWBO zu erfassen und Lösungsstrategien zur Verbesserung der chirurgischen Weiterbildung zu entwickeln.

Ergebnisse
488 Teilnehmende (Rücklaufquote 8,3 %) bedeuten eine repräsentative Studie. Die Befragten setzten sich aus 107 Weiterbildungsassistent:innen (WBA 21,9 %), 69 Fachärzt:innen und 188 Oberärzt:innen (FÄ 14,1 % und OÄ 38,5 %) sowie 107 Chefärzt:innen (21,9 %) zusammen. Die Mehrheit war in Regelversorgern (44 %) tätig, gefolgt von Maximalversorgern (26,8 %) und Universitätsklinika (20,1 %). Nur 22 % halten das geforderte operative Spektrum der nWBO für realistisch. Die Hälfte der Befragten gibt an, dass die volle Weiterbildung in ihrer Klinik gemäß dem neuen Katalog nicht mehr möglich sein wird. 54,6 % halten eine Erreichbarkeit der Richtzahlen in 6 Jahren für unmöglich bzw. geben an, nicht mehr die gleiche Anzahl von WBAs in der gleichen Zeit ausbilden zu können. Einheitlich über alle Versorgungsstufen wurde die Endoskopie (17,1–18,8 %), Fundoplikationen (15,4–17,7 %) und Kopf-Hals-Eingriffe (12,1–17,1 %) als Engstellen genannt. Rotationen wurden laut Angaben bereits zu 64,7 % etabliert. 48 % gaben an, dass in der Abteilung das Teilschrittekonzept etabliert sei. Die Bedeutung eines strukturierten Weiterbildungskonzepts wurde von 85 % der WBA als wichtig erachtet, im Vergleich zu 53,3 % der CÄ. Lag ein strukturiertes Weiterbildungskonzept in der Abteilung vor, so wurde die Erreichbarkeit der Richtzahlen in der univariaten Analyse signifikant positiver eingeschätzt. In der multivariaten Analyse waren das männliche Geschlecht sowie der Status „habilitiert/Professor:in“ unabhängige Faktoren für eine positivere Einschätzung der nWBO. Eine objektive Zertifizierung der Weiterbildung wurde von 51,5 % als wichtig angesehen.

Schlussfolgerung
Die nWBO bereitet Sorgen und die Stimmung ist pessimistisch. Zusätzliche Vorgaben und Krankenhausreformen könnten die Lage verschärfen. Kooperationen und Rotationen sind entscheidend, aber noch nicht ausreichend umgesetzt. Qualitätsorientierte Zertifizierungen könnten die Ausbildungsqualität verbessern.
Development of bentonite-based organo-geopolymer hybrid wood binder
Authors: Gonultas Oktay 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe study addresses concerns associated with formaldehyde-based adhesives in wood panel board production by proposing geopolymer-based wood binders as promising, formaldehyde-free alternatives. Using bentonite, the research delves into the development and performance properties of this geopolymer wood binder. The BET method was employed for the surface characterization of precursor raw materials for binder preparation. Si and Al elements identified through XRF analysis were correlated with characteristic bands in the FTIR spectrum. Alkaline activation solutions, employing sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide with a molar ratio range of 0.5 to 2.5 (SiO2:Na2O), revealed that binders with a molar ratio of 2.5 exhibited lower pH and higher adhesion strength. Different geopolymer formulations at solution to powder ratios (s/p) of 1.33, 3, and 3.5 determined s/p 3.5 as optimal for bentonite-based organo-geopolymer binders. Viscosity, gel time, pH, and solids content were examined, showing the effectiveness of substituting 10% silica fume to enhance the geopolymerization process and improve adhesion. Modifications using citric acid, sucrose, paraffin, pMDI, triacetin, and resorcinol demonstrated wet bonding strength comparable to urea formaldehyde adhesive. Analytical techniques, including FTIR spectroscopy, XRD analysis, and SEM EDX analysis, provided insights into functional groups, crystallographic properties, and microstructural characteristics. The concentration of Si and Al compounds on the bonding line, coupled with Na element diffusion, was observed through these analyses. Light microscopy of lap shear samples revealed a thinner bonding line, affirming effective binder penetration into wood cell lumens in bentonite-based organo-geopolymer binder formulations.
Strukturen, Ziele und Bedürfnisse der Early Career Scientists am Deutschen Zentrum für Psychische Gesundheit
Authors: Liu Shuyan , Behrens Simone C. , Besteher Bianca , Bilek Edda , Chae Woo Ri , Clemens Vera , Korn Christoph , Pflug Verena , Richter Anni , Selle Janine , O’Sullivan Julie L. , von Brachel Ruth , Totzeck Christina , Brandhorst Isabel 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Early Career Scientists (ECS) sind Akteur:innen des Wandels und treibende Kräfte in der Förderung psychischer Gesundheit. Das Deutsche Zentrum für Psychische Gesundheit (DZPG) ist eine wichtige Initiative zur Begleitung und Unterstützung von Karrieren im Bereich der psychischen Gesundheit.

Ziel
ECS sollen mithilfe des DZPG in einer interdisziplinären und interinstitutionellen wissenschaftlichen Gemeinschaft gefördert und engagiert werden.

Strukturen, Themen und Initiativen
Das ECS-Board, bestehend aus 18 gewählten ECS-Vertreter:innen, spielt hierfür im DZPG eine zentrale Rolle. Die ECS-Kultur gibt den Mitgliedern eine Mitbestimmungsstruktur, unterstützt Ideen und bekennt sich zu Autonomie. Die sog. DZPG-Akademie wurde entwickelt, um Kommunikation und Vernetzung zu erleichtern und Zusammenarbeit zu fördern. Das DZPG vertritt Schlüsselthemen wie Gleichstellung, Vielfalt, Inklusion, Familienfreundlichkeit und Work-Life-Balance. Das DZPG bietet den ECS Möglichkeiten, zeitgemäße und notwendige Fähigkeiten und Kompetenzen zu entwickeln. Es erweitert die bundesweite Unterstützung für ECS um Fördermöglichkeiten, Unterstützung psychischer Gesundheit am Arbeitsplatz sowie Karriereberatung. Das ECS-Board engagiert sich für Patient:innen- und Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung und -mitwirkung, Wissenschaftskommunikation sowie den Wissenstransfer in verschiedene Bereiche.

Schlussfolgerungen
Das DZPG wird unter Beteiligung der ECS Trainingsprogramme, den Studierenden- und Akademiker:innenaustausch, Forschungskooperationen und die Bündelung von Ressourcen zur Einwerbung von Fördermitteln und Stipendien fördern. Es wird außerdem die Einrichtung von Knotenpunkten für ECS-Netzwerke unterstützen und den Ausbau der internationalen Kompetenz der ECS in Deutschland fördern.
Socioeconomic status, alcohol use and the role of social support and neighbourhood environment among individuals meeting criteria for a mental health problem: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Puddephatt Jo-Anne , Jones Andrew , Gage Suzanne H. , Goodwin Laura 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Indicators of socioeconomic status (SES), such as education and occupational grade, are known to be associated with alcohol use but this has not been examined among individuals with a mental health problem. This study developed latent classes of SES, their associations with alcohol use, and examined the indirect effect via social support and neighbourhood environment.

Methods
A secondary analysis of the 2014 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey was conducted among participants with a mental health problem (N = 1,436). SES classes were determined using a range of indicators. Alcohol use was measured using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test. Social support and neighbourhood neighbourhood environment were measured using validated questionnaires. A latent class analysis was conducted to develop SES classes. Multinomial logistic regression examined associations of SES and alcohol use. Structural equation models tested indirect effects via social support and neighbourhood environment.

Results
A four-class model of SES was best-fitting; “economically inactive,GCSE-level and lower educated,social renters”, “intermediate/routine occupation,GCSE-level educated,mixed owner/renters”, “retired, no formal education,homeowners”, and “professional occupation,degree-level educated,homeowners”. Compared to “professional occupation,degree-level educated, homeowners”, SES classes were more likely to be non-drinkers; odds were highest for “economically inactive,GCSE-level and lower educated,social renters” (OR = 4.96,95%CI 3.10–7.93). “Retired, no formal education,homeowners” were less likely to be hazardous drinkers (OR = 0.35,95%CI 0.20–0.59). Associations between “economically inactive,GCSE-level and lower educated,social renters” and “retired, no formal education,homeowners” and non- and harmful drinking via social support and neighbourhood environment were significant.

Conclusions
In contrast to the alcohol harms paradox, among individuals with a mental health problem, lower SES groups were more likely to be non-drinkers while no associations with harmful drinking were found. There is also a need to examine the alcohol harms paradox in the context of the area in which they live.
Hybrid decision-making in atmospheric plasma spraying enables human–machine teaming
Authors: Bocklisch Franziska , Bocklisch Steffen F. , Grimm Maximilian , Lampke Thomas , Joshi Shrikant 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWith the development of human-cyber-physical-production systems in intelligent manufacturing, cyber-supported production based on artificial intelligence is becoming an increasingly powerful means of controlling machines and collaborating with human users. Semi-autonomous systems with a medium degree of automation enable human-centered, flexible, and sustainable production, for instance, in hybrid decision-making. Especially in applications that do not meet the requirements for full automation and when humans are to be involved in their role as qualified decision-makers, teaming-capable systems are desirable and offer considerable advantages. This paper outlines the transdisciplinary concept of human–machine teaming and the role of human cognition in engineering tasks with multi-criteria decision-making. An illustrative real-life example from thermal spray technology is used to show how explainable artificial intelligence models offer targeted, hybrid cyber decision support. This new approach based on fuzzy pattern classifiers combines expert knowledge- and data-based modeling and enables a transparent interpretation of the results by the human user, as shown here using the example of test data from atmospheric plasma spraying. The method outlined can potentially be used to provide hybrid decision support for a variety of manufacturing processes and form the basis for advanced automation or teaming of humans and cyber-physical-production systems.