bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1088. Lilium primulinum Baker var. burmanicum (W.W.Sm.) Stearn: Liliaceae
Authors: Compton James A. , Farrer Annie 
Published: June 2024

SummaryLilium primulinum Baker, a complex species from the eastern Himalayan region is reviewed. L. primulinum var. burmanicum from Myanmar and Yunnan is illustrated. Suggestions for its successful cultivation are given. Lectotypes are designated for the names Lilium primulinum, L. primulinum var. burmanicum and L. poilanei.
Closing the policy gap in diabetes care for individuals with advanced CKD
Authors: Habte‐Asres Hellena Hailu , Rosenthal Miranda , Nitsch Dorothea , Wheeler David C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimThe co‐existence of diabetes and CKD poses significant challenges to healthcare systems, current frameworks often inadequately address the complex needs of individuals with both conditions. Recognising these gaps, we introduced a new diabetes care model for people with advanced CKD in renal satellite units.This paper aims to evaluate this new diabetes model care.MethodWe conducted a prospective audit of a new integrated diabetes kidney care model. Data were presented as mean ± SD or counts/percentages, and pre‐ and post‐intervention differences were assessed using paired samples t‐tests.ResultsA total of 291 individuals with diabetes and advanced CKD stages 4 or 5, or undergoing haemodialysis, were included. The mean age was 68.5 (±13.0) years, 58.4% were males. Nearly half of the cohort had four or more long‐term conditions, while two‐thirds experienced mild/severe frailty. Only 6% were receiving ongoing diabetes care from secondary care diabetes specialist services. For patients with CKD not receiving dialysis, comparing pre‐ and post‐intervention, there were improvements in HbA1c (−13.0 mmol/mol, p < 0.001), SBP (−13.7 mm Hg, p < 0.0001), and weight (−2.9 kg, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, there was an increase in guideline‐directed therapies, with notable usage of SGLT2i (62.9%) and GLP1‐RA (28.4%), while access to diabetes technology increased to 89%.ConclusionThis new model of care resulted in improved metabolic outcomes, increased utilisation of guideline‐directed therapies, and enhanced access to diabetes technologies. However, the model also revealed significant unmet clinical needs in areas such as access to diabetes care, diabetes eye screening and foot surveillance.
Association between sarcopenia at discharge and functional outcomes 1 month and 6 months after discharge in patients in convalescent rehabilitation wards
Authors: Miura Kyohei , Matsushita Tatsuya , Nishioka Shinta , Nakashima Ryusei , Onizuka Shinya 
Published: June 2024

AimThis retrospective cohort study investigated the relationship between sarcopenia and Activities of Daily Living capacity after discharge from convalescent rehabilitation wards.MethodsWe included consecutive patients discharged from three convalescent rehabilitation wards in a hospital in Japan between December 2018 and October 2020. Sarcopenia was diagnosed based on the criteria of the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia, utilizing skeletal muscle mass index and handgrip strength. Statistical analyses were carried out separately for men and women. The primary outcome was a higher motor domain (motor Functional Independence Measure [mFIM]) and a higher cognitive domain (cognitive Functional Independence Measure [cFIM]) of the FIM score 1 month after discharge. The secondary outcomes were higher mFIM and cFIM scores 6 months after discharge, analyzed using binary logistic regression.ResultsAmong 305 participants (mean age 70.0 years, 148 men), 93 were identified as having sarcopenia. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 16% for outpatient rehabilitation services, 59% for home‐visit rehabilitation services and 50% for older adult day care. Logistic regression analyses showed that sarcopenia at discharge was not an independent variable for mFIM at 1 month (odds ratio [OR] 20, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.31–1300 for men, OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.11–2.4 for women) and cFIM (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.10–3.8 for men, OR 5.3, 95% CI 0.81–34 for women). At 6 months, sarcopenia at discharge was not an independent variable for mFIM (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.02–3.6 for men, OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.06–2.5 for women) and cFIM (OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.01–2.4 for men, OR 0.00, 95% CI 0.00–1.1 for women).ConclusionsSarcopenia at the time of discharge from convalescent rehabilitation wards does not independently predict FIM 1 month or 6 months after discharge. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 715–721.
Employment and Job Creation in the art Sector in Ghana: Evidence from A Tracer Survey of the Higher National Diploma Industrial art
Authors: Bukari Musah , Howard Ebenezer Kofi , Osei‐Poku Patrick 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn Technical Universities in Ghana, the Higher National Diploma (HND) programmes are well‐established higher education programmes for the provision of middle‐level manpower needs of the Country. The programmes are considered industry‐related, offering students the knowledge and skills required for effective performance at work. However, there is very little tracer survey on the polytechnic/technical university graduate on the relevance of the HND Industrial Art Programmes run in the polytechnics/technical universities, apart from a study on exploring the destinations of Higher National Diploma, Graphic Design graduates in the Ghanaian labour market. Therefore, the study sought to conduct a tracer study on the impact of the HND Industrial Art Programme on the Art Sector in Ghana. To carry out the study, the main objective was to assess the effectiveness and the contribution of the HND Industrial Art Programme to employment and job creation in the Art Sector in Ghana. The Concurrent Triangulated Mixed Method research approach was adopted to undertake the research. From the study, the major finding is that the Painting and Decoration (P/D), Ceramics and Leatherwork options all succeeded in creating jobs/empowering graduates to create their own jobs, but that cannot be said with the Textiles option. The findings have implications for TVET training in the country. It is therefore recommended that appropriate steps should be taken in consultation with the Ghana Tertiary Education Council (GTEC) to have a holistic review of the curriculum to make it relevant for the benefit of this ever‐dynamic society.
Empathy helps, dehumanization harms: Beliefs about the causes of homelessness are (in)directly related to intentions to help and harm those who are unhoused
Authors: Tausen Brittany M. , Fossum Jessica 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHomelessness is a complex social issue that can be attributed to a constellation of dispositional, situational, and health‐related causes. The extent to which these causal attributions are associated with the treatment of individuals experiencing homelessness, however, is not well understood. The current study addressed this gap by exploring the extent to which individual beliefs about the causes of homelessness were associated with intentions to help as well as endorsements of restrictions and legalistic harm aimed at those who are unhoused. Results demonstrated that structural and dispositional, but not health, attributions were associated with helpful and hurtful behaviors. Further, a structural equation model revealed that these effects were explained, in part, by empathy for and the dehumanization of individuals experiencing homelessness. Attributions were most clearly associated with intentions to help via empathy and endorsements of harm via distinct forms (animalistic and mechanistic) of dehumanization. Theoretical implications pertaining to Attribution Theory of Emotion and Motivation and the practical implications for improving the treatment of and support for individuals experiencing homelessness are also discussed.
Latinx adolescents' daily family assistance and emotional well‐being before and amid the COVID‐19 pandemic: A pilot measurement burst study
Authors: Shen Yishan , Zheng Yao , Garza Ari Rios , Reisz Samantha 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study examined Latinx adolescents' daily family assistance (assistance day, assistance time, language brokering) in relation to their daily affect and investigated whether the associations changed following the outbreak of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Two waves of 14‐day daily diary data collected from 13 18‐year‐old Latinx adolescents (ndays = 284; 77% Mexican American, 77% female) before and amid the pandemic were analyzed using multilevel modeling. Three main findings emerged: (1) assisting the family on a given day was associated with higher levels of same‐day positive affect both before and during COVID‐19, and with lower levels of negative affect during COVID‐19; (2) longer than usual family assistance time was associated with higher levels of same‐day positive affect and lower levels of negative affect only during COVID‐19; (3) language brokering on a given day was associated with higher levels of same‐day positive affect both before and during COVID‐19. These findings suggest a positive link between daily family assistance and Latinx youth's daily emotional well‐being, particularly during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Melatonin decreases human adipose tissue insulin sensitivity
Authors: Zambrano Carolina , Garitaonaindia Mireia Tena , Salmerón Diego , Pérez‐Sanz Fernando , Tchio Cynthia , Picinato María Cecilia , de Medina Fermín Sánchez , Luján Juan , Scheer Frank A. J. L. , Saxena Richa , Martínez‐Augustin Olga , Garaulet Marta 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMelatonin is a pineal hormone that modulates the circadian system and exerts soporific and phase‐shifting effects. It is also involved in many other physiological processes, such as those implicated in cardiovascular, endocrine, immune, and metabolic functions. However, the role of melatonin in glucose metabolism remains contradictory, and its action on human adipose tissue (AT) explants has not been demonstrated. We aimed to assess whether melatonin (a pharmacological dose) influences insulin sensitivity in human AT. This will help better understand melatonin administration's effect on glucose metabolism. Abdominal AT (subcutaneous and visceral) biopsies were obtained from 19 participants with severe obesity (age: 42.84 ± 12.48 years; body mass index: 43.14 ± 8.26 kg/m2) who underwent a laparoscopic gastric bypass. AT biopsies were exposed to four different treatments: control (C), insulin alone (I) (10 nM), melatonin alone (M) (5000 pg/mL), and insulin plus melatonin combined (I + M). All four conditions were repeated in both subcutaneous and visceral AT, and all were performed in the morning at 8 a.m. (n = 19) and the evening at 8 p.m. (in a subsample of n = 12). We used western blot analysis to determine insulin signaling (using the pAKT/tAKT ratio). Furthermore, RNAseq analyses were performed to better understand the metabolic pathways involved in the effect of melatonin on insulin signaling. As expected, insulin treatment (I) increased the pAKT/tAKT ratio compared with control (p < .0001). Furthermore, the addition of melatonin (I + M) resulted in a decrease in insulin signaling as compared with insulin alone (I); this effect was significant only during the evening time (not in the morning time). Further, RNAseq analyses in visceral AT during the evening condition (at 8 p.m.) showed that melatonin resulted in a prompt transcriptome response (around 1 h after melatonin addition), particularly by downregulating the insulin signaling pathway. Our results show that melatonin reduces insulin sensitivity in human AT during the evening. These results may partly explain the previous studies showing a decrease in glucose tolerance after oral melatonin administration in the evening or when eating late when endogenous melatonin is present.
LM IB PITHOI MAKERS: ROBUST AND BLENDED POTTERY PRODUCTION AT MOCHLOS
Authors: Morrison Jerolyn E. 
Published: June 2024

SummaryThe pithos is an iconic Bronze Age clay storage vessel of size and expense. Those found in the Neo‐palatial phase (1800–1450 BC) of the harbour town of Mochlos, Crete are here investigated through a multi‐disciplinary approach. The pots belong to two traditions of coil‐based manufacturing processes: the piriform which is more standardized in this and employs the wheel to assist in the manufacture, and the hole‐mouth version that combines wheel manipulation and purely handmade processes (and is less regular as a result). After outlining the historical and social context in which these vases were produced, and with reference to ethnographical practices of the recent past in making such items, the manufacturing methods of both sorts are set forth, and their distribution across the site investigated. The likelihoods of their being the output of different sets of potters operating in the area are examined. Similarly the restricted employment of some elite‐related decorative cordons is scrutinized to see what may be deduced about the relationships between potter, vase‐owner and the wider palatial environment they all existed within. The inevitably tentative observations arrived at are however robust enough to provide parameters to work within when expanding the debate to include the other ceramic wares made and present on the site.
Cervical Alignment and Range of Motion Change after Anterior 3‐Level Hybrid Surgery Compared with Cervical Laminoplasty: A Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Deng Yuxiao , He Junbo , Chen Hua , Wang Beiyu , Gong Quan , Li Tao , Liu Hao 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesCervical alignment and range of motion (ROM) changes after cervical spine surgery are related to cervical biomechanical and functions. Few studies compared these parameters between posterior laminoplasty and anterior 3‐level hybrid surgery incorporating anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) with cervical disc replacement (CDR). This study is aimed to detect the differences of cervical alignment and ROM changes of the two surgeries in a matched‐cohort study.MethodsFrom January 2018 and May 2020, 51 patients who underwent 3‐level hybrid surgery incorporating ACDF with ACDR were included. A 1:1 match of the patients who underwent cervical laminoplasty based on age, gender, duration of symptoms, body mass index, and cervical alignment type was utilized as control group. General data (operative time, blood loss, etc.), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, VAS (Visual Analog Score), NDI (The Neck Disability Index), cervical sagittal alignment, and cervical range of motion (ROM) were recorded and compared.ResultsBoth groups gained significant improvement in JOA, VAS, NDI scores postoperatively (p < 0.05). Cervical alignment significantly increased in hybrid group and decreased in control group after surgeries (p < 0.001). ROM decrease was similar in two groups. For cervical lordosis, though cervical alignment angle in control group decreased, the final follow‐up cervical alignment and cervical alignment changes were not significantly different between hybrid and control groups. For cervical non‐lordosis, cervical alignment decreased in control group while increased in hybrid group. At final follow‐up, cervical alignment and the changes between the two groups were significantly different. Both control group and hybrid group had similar ROM decrease after the surgery no matter whether there was cervical lordosis or non‐lordosis. Hybrid surgery showed cervical alignments significantly improved and similar ROM preservation compared with control group at final follow‐up both for 1‐level and 2‐level disc replacement subgroups.ConclusionsThe hybrid surgery demonstrated advantages of preserving cervical alignment and gaining similar cervical ROM preservation compared with cervical laminoplasty, especially for cervical non‐lordosis. Given the importance of restoring lordotic cervical alignment, hybrid surgery may be preferred over laminoplasty to treat multilevel cervical disc herniation.
Creating yellow seed Camelina sativa with enhanced oil accumulation by CRISPR‐mediated disruption of Transparent Testa 8
Authors: Cai Yuanheng , Liang Yuanxue , Shi Hai , Cui Jodie , Prakash Shreyas , Zhang Jianhui , Anaokar Sanket , Chai Jin , Schwender Jorg , Lu Chaofu , Yu Xiao‐Hong , Shanklin John 
Published: June 2024

SummaryCamelina (Camelina sativa L.), a hexaploid member of the Brassicaceae family, is an emerging oilseed crop being developed to meet the increasing demand for plant oils as biofuel feedstocks. In other Brassicas, high oil content can be associated with a yellow seed phenotype, which is unknown for camelina. We sought to create yellow seed camelina using CRISPR/Cas9 technology to disrupt its Transparent Testa 8 (TT8) transcription factor genes and to evaluate the resulting seed phenotype. We identified three TT8 genes, one in each of the three camelina subgenomes, and obtained independent CsTT8 lines containing frameshift edits. Disruption of TT8 caused seed coat colour to change from brown to yellow reflecting their reduced flavonoid accumulation of up to 44%, and the loss of a well‐organized seed coat mucilage layer. Transcriptomic analysis of CsTT8‐edited seeds revealed significantly increased expression of the lipid‐related transcription factors LEC1, LEC2, FUS3, and WRI1 and their downstream fatty acid synthesis‐related targets. These changes caused metabolic remodelling with increased fatty acid synthesis rates and corresponding increases in total fatty acid (TFA) accumulation from 32.4% to as high as 38.0% of seed weight, and TAG yield by more than 21% without significant changes in starch or protein levels compared to parental line. These data highlight the effectiveness of CRISPR in creating novel enhanced‐oil germplasm in camelina. The resulting lines may directly contribute to future net‐zero carbon energy production or be combined with other traits to produce desired lipid‐derived bioproducts at high yields.
Arterial function in response to a 50 km ultramarathon in recreational athletes
Authors: Ranadive Sushant M. , Weiner Cynthia M. , Eagan Lauren E. , Addison Odessa , Landers‐Ramos Rian Q. , Prior Steven J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study was performed to determine whether prolonged endurance running results in acute endothelial dysfunction and wave‐reflection, as endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness are cardiovascular risk factors. Vascular function (conduit artery/macrovascular and resistance artery/microvascular) was assessed in 11 experienced runners (8 males, 3 females) before, during and after a 50 km ultramarathon. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), wave reflection, augmentation index (AIx) and AIx corrected for HR (AIx75) were taken at all time points—Baseline (BL), following 10, 20, 30 and 40 km, 1 h post‐completion (1HP) and 24 h post‐completion (24HP). Flow‐mediated dilatation (FMD) and inflammatory biomarkers were examined at BL, 1HP and 24HP. Reactive hyperaemia area under the curve (AUC) and shear rate AUC to peak dilatation were lower (∼75%) at 1HP compared with BL (P < 0.001 for both) and reactive hyperaemia was higher at 24HP (∼27%) compared with BL (P = 0.018). Compared to BL, both mean central systolic BP and mean central diastolic BP were 7% and 10% higher, respectively, following 10 km and 6% and 9% higher, respectively, following 20 km, and then decreased by 5% and 8%, respectively, at 24HP (P < 0.05 for all). AIx (%) decreased following 20 km and following 40 km compared with BL (P < 0.05 for both) but increased following 40 km when corrected for HR (AIx75) compared with BL (P = 0.02). Forward wave amplitude significantly increased at 10 km (15%) compared with BL (P = 0.049), whereas backward wave reflection and reflected magnitude were similar at all time points. FMD and baseline diameter remained similar. These data indicate preservation of macrovascular (endothelial) function, but not microvascular function resulting from the 50 km ultramarathon.
Research on Wear Behavior Between Crossed Parabolic Cylinders in the Early Stage of Cyclic Fretting
Authors: Shi Hao , Guo Tieneng , Wang Chenhang , Li Bo , Jiang Nan , Zhang Jianshuo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In practice, even the tiny relative reciprocating motion generated by external load or environmental vibration can cause interface wear. In this work, three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA) is used to investigate the fretting wear between deformable crossed parabolic cylinders. Fretting is achieved by the application of a periodic displacement-controlled load, while the contact pair is defined as the same material, i.e., carbon steel/carbon steel, copper alloy/copper alloy, and aluminum alloy/aluminum alloy. Meanwhile, three different axis crossing angles are also studied, i.e., 45 deg, 60 deg, and 90 deg. Originally, a wide range of coefficients of friction (COFs) are applied to the interface without considering the damage. The results show that, when the COF is sufficiently large (μ = 1), the junction growth and the tangential load increase significantly in the first loading cycle, but then become gradually stable. Subsequently, the Archard wear model is applied to the frictional interface. Empirical equations for the initial gross slip distance and the wear volume at the end of the partial slip are established in turn. Furthermore, an empirical equation for the wear volume of a single fretting cycle is established, which is in good agreement with the FEA results. Finally, the effect of relevant parameters on the wear volume for a single fretting cycle under elastic condition is discussed, but also the evolution of wear volume in the early stage of cyclic fretting. All the results are normalized, enabling their application to the 3D fretting wear of other material pairs.
Theoretical and Experimental Study on the Trans-critical Vibration Reduction of Flexible Shafts by Multi-Gap Limiting Ring Device Considering Rub-Impact and Dry Friction
Authors: Zhu Haimin , Wu Wenye 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The flexible shafts in aviation equipment experience severe vibration upon exceeding the critical speed, causing severe damage to the equipment. To address this issue, a novel technique for vibration reduction using a multi-gap limiting ring device is proposed. The coupled effects of rub-impact, dry friction, and limiting are considered in a dynamic model for a multi-gap limiting ring device, and then the dynamic equation for the bending-torsional coupling of the flexible shaft with the limiting ring device is derived. Furthermore, the reverse whirl instability behavior of the shaft and the effect of various parameters on the damper performance are analyzed using a hybrid numerical method. Finally, experiments are conducted to verify the accuracy of the theoretical method. The findings show that the critical speed of the shaft rises due to the increased stiffness from the rub-impact between the limiting ring device and the shaft. The rub-impact point simultaneously causes bending-torsional coupling, which leads to torsional vibration of the shaft. Moreover, the rubbing gap, friction coefficient, preload force, and dry friction gap have a considerable impact on the limiting ring device's ability to reduce vibration. A poor choice of parameters can result in malfunctioning of the limiting ring device. Overall, this study can serve as an effective theoretical guide for the vibration reduction of flexible shafts.
16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of intestinal microbiota in Eurasian Wigeon around Osaka, Japan
Authors: Kenzaka Takehiko , Nishiguchi Sayaka , Nishikawa Souko 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

We report 16S rRNA gene amplicon data on the succession of intestinal microbiomes in migratory bird, Eurasian Wigeon (Mareca Penelope) wintering around Osaka, Japan. This study could serve as baseline data for comparison with microbiomes in migratory birds.