bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mesenchymal stem cells derived from different origins have unique sensitivities to different chemotherapeutic agents
Authors: Qi Zhengyu , Zhang Yanmin , Liu Lin , Guo Xin , Qin Jie , Cui Guanghui 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBMSCs (bone‐marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells) and ADSCs (adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cells) are virtually identical in cell surface marker profile and differentiation potential. These cell populations have promising characteristics for clinical application. We have investigated the sensitivity of these cell populations to various chemotherapeutic agents by testing the inhibition of cell proliferation, low molecular DNA bands formation, in situ apoptosis, apoptosis‐related gene expression and cell senescence after treatment. BU (busulfan), methotrexate and doxorubicin treatment led to a marked and dose‐dependent reduction in cell viability compared with 5‐FU (5‐fluorouracil) treatment. Different expression patterns of apoptosis‐related genes were found in the BMSCs and ADSCs following treatment with the agents, but no low molecular mass DNA bands were detected. BMSCs had a higher percentage of apoptotic and senescent cells following treatment with chemotherapeutic agents compared with ADSCs. These findings suggest that these two cell populations respond differently to chemotherapy treatment. ADSCs are more resistant than BMSCs to chemotherapy‐induced senescence and apoptosis, indicating that they might be more advantageous to use in the clinic than BMSCs.
Hydrodynamic trapping of molecules in lipid bilayers
Authors: Jönsson Peter , McColl James , Clarke Richard W. , Ostanin Victor P. , Jönsson Bengt , Klenerman David 
Published: June 2012

In this work we show how hydrodynamic forces can be used to locally trap molecules in a supported lipid bilayer (SLB). The method uses the hydrodynamic drag forces arising from a flow through a conical pipette with a tip radius of 1–1.5 μm, placed approximately 1 μm above the investigated SLB. This results in a localized forcefield that acts on molecules protruding from the SLB, yielding a hydrodynamic trap with a size approximately given by the size of the pipette tip. We demonstrate this concept by trapping the protein streptavidin, bound to biotin receptors in the SLB. It is also shown how static and kinetic information about the intermolecular interactions in the lipid bilayer can be obtained by relating how the magnitude of the hydrodynamic forces affects the accumulation of protein molecules in the trap.
Risk Analysis of Barramundi Perch Lates calcarifer Aquaculture in Florida
Authors: Hardin Scott , Hill Jeffrey E. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Two Florida state agencies (Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission [FWC] and Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services) have regulatory and management programs to reduce the potential for escape or release of nonnative fishes from aquaculture facilities. The barramundi perch Lates calcarifer, a large, predatory euryhaline fish native to the Indo-Pacific, is classified as a conditional species by the FWC. Aquaculturists may possess this species only under strict biosecurity requirements. In 2006, a barramundi perch aquaculturist in central Florida initiated fee fishing by the public in outdoor culture ponds. The FWC conducted a risk analysis to assess the probability and potential consequences of barramundi perch population establishment in Florida, specifically considering the increased risk of illegal barramundi perch introduction into state waters to create a sport fishery. Using a generic risk analysis review process, a stakeholder panel determined that the overall risk from barramundi perch aquaculture was medium or high; a subsequent assessment by FWC biologists found the overall risk to be high. Nonregulatory risk management options to reduce the chance of escape and to prevent reproduction were considered impractical or ineffective, and a regulatory solution was recommended to mitigate the risk. The FWC enacted regulations that prohibited outdoor culture and fee fishing for facilities that acquire barramundi perch in the future, while allowing the existing facility to continue operations only under current ownership. The generic risk analysis provides a useful and flexible framework for conducting risk analyses involving assessors with varied technical backgrounds. We strongly recommend face-to-face meetings to increase the opportunities to reach consensus on risk estimates and uncertainty. Providing specific factors for risk assessors to consider (e.g., translocation of barramundi perch by wildlife, likelihood of successful spawning, and impacts to sportfishing) facilitates development of focused risk management options.
Received August 15, 2011; accepted February 9, 2012
The periodic logistic equation with spatial and temporal degeneracies
Authors: Du Yihong , Peng Rui 
Published: June 2012

In this article, we study the degenerate periodic logistic equation with homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions:

{

∂
t

u
−
Δ
u
=
a
u
−
b
(
x
,
t
)

u
p

a
m
p
;

in

Ω
×
(
0
,
∞
)

,

∂
ν

u
=
0

a
m
p
;

on

∂
Ω
×
(
0
,
∞
)

,

u
(
x
,
0
)
=

u
0

(
x
)
≥
,

≢

0

a
m
p
;

in

Ω

,

\begin{equation*} \begin {cases} \partial _t u-\Delta u=a u-b(x,t)u^p & \text {in $\Omega \times (0,\infty )$},\\ \partial _\nu u=0 & \text {on $\partial \Omega \times (0,\infty )$},\\ u(x,0) = u_0(x)\geq , \nequiv 0 & \text {in $\Omega $}, \end{cases} \end{equation*}

where

Ω
⊂

R

N

(
N
≥
2
)

\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^N\ (N\geq 2)

is a bounded domain with smooth boundary

∂
Ω

\partial \Omega

,

a
a

and

p
>
1

p>1

are constants. The function

b
∈

C

θ
,
θ

/

2

(

Ω
¯

×

R

)

b\in C^{\theta ,\theta /2}(\overline \Omega \times \mathbb {R})

(
0
>
θ
>
1
)

(0>\theta >1)

is T-periodic in

t
t

, nonnegative, and vanishes (i.e., has a degeneracy) in some subdomain of

Ω
×

R

\Omega \times \mathbb {R}

. We examine the effects of various natural spatial and temporal degeneracies of

b
(
x
,
t
)

b(x,t)

on the long-time dynamical behavior of the positive solutions. Our analysis leads to a new eigenvalue problem for periodic-parabolic operators over a varying cylinder and certain parabolic boundary blow-up problems not known before. The investigation in this paper shows that the temporal degeneracy causes a fundamental change of the dynamical behavior of the equation only when spatial degeneracy also exists; but in sharp contrast, whether or not temporal degeneracy appears in the equation, the spatial degeneracy always induces fundamental changes of the behavior of the equation, though such changes differ significantly according to whether or not there is temporal degeneracy.
Differential mortality association of loop diuretic dosage according to blood urea nitrogen and carbohydrate antigen 125 following a hospitalization for acute heart failure
Authors: Núñez Julio , Núñez Eduardo , Miñana Gema , Bodí Vicent , Fonarow Gregg C. , Bertomeu‐González Vicente , Palau Patricia , Merlos Pilar , Ventura Silvia , Chorro Francisco J. , Llàcer Pau , Sanchis Juan 
Published: June 2012

AimsRecent observations in chronic stable heart failure suggest that high‐dose loop diuretics (HDLDs) have detrimental prognostic effects in patients with high blood urea nitrogen (BUN), but recent findings have also indicated that diuretics may improve renal function. Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) has been shown to be a surrogate of systemic congestion. We sought to explore whether BUN and CA125 modulate the mortality risk associated with HDLDs following a hospitalization for acute heart failure (AHF).Methods and resultsWe analysed 1389 consecutive patients discharged for AHF. CA125 and BUN were measured at a mean of 72 ± 12 h after admission. HDLDs (≥120 mg/day in furosemide equivalent dose) were interacted to a four‐level variable according to CA125 (>35 U/mL) and BUN (above the median), and related to all‐cause mortality. At a median follow‐up of 21 months, 561 (40.4%) patients died. The use of HDLDs was independently associated with increased mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–1.50], but this association was not homogeneous across CA125–BUN categories (P for interaction <0.001). In patients with normal CA125, use of HDLDs was associated with high mortality if BUN was above the median (HR 2.29, 95% 1.51–3.46), but not in those with BUN below the median (HR 1.22, 95% CI 0.73–2.04). Conversely, in patients with high CA125, HDLDs showed an association with increased survival if BUN was above the median (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.55–0.98) but was associated with increased mortality in those with BUN below the median (HR 1.94, 95% CI 1.36–2.76).ConclusionThe risk associated with HDLDs in patients after hospitalization for AHF was dependent on the levels of BUN and CA125. The information provided by these two biomarkers may be helpful in tailoring the dose of loop diuretics at discharge for AHF.
Distribution and biological characteristics of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) at Greenland based on the analysis of historical tag recoveries
Authors: Reddin David G. , Hansen Lars Petter , Bakkestuen Vegar , Russell Ian , White Jonathan , Potter E. C. E. (Ted) , Dempson J. Brian , Sheehan Timothy F. , Ó Maoiléidigh Niall , Smith Gordon W. , Isaksson Arni , Jacobsen Jan Arge , Fowler Mark , Mork Kjell Arne , Amiro Peter 
Published: June 2012

AbstractReddin, D. G., Hansen, L. P., Bakkestuen, V., Russell, I., White, J., Potter, E. C. E., Dempson, J. B., Sheehan, T. F., Ó Maoiléidigh, N., Smith, G. W., Isaksson, A., Jacobsen, J. A., Fowler, M., Mork, K. A., and Amiro, P. 2012. Distribution and biological characteristics of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) at Greenland based on the analysis of historical tag recoveries. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 1589–1597. In this study, we examined 5481 records of tag recoveries at Greenland from a new tagging database held by ICES that contains information on salmon tagged in Canada, France, Faroes, Greenland, Iceland, Ireland, Norway, Spain, the UK (Northern Ireland, Scotland, England, and Wales), and the United States from the early 1960s to the present. For 4806 of the tag recoveries, latitude and longitude information were available, describing, to varying degrees of accuracy, the location of recovery of tagged fish. Release and recovery dates were variable, but no significant differences over time were noted. The information derived from tag recoveries was used to describe the distribution and growth of salmon of different origins. The proportion of recoveries from East Greenland suggested that potential multi-sea-winter salmon from northern Europe have a more easterly distribution than those from southern Europe. The location of recovery of salmon of North American origin differed from that of European salmon along the west coast of Greenland. Tag recoveries by country were not uniformly distributed across the respective NAFO Divisions. Tags from salmon originating in Canada and the United States were more commonly recovered in northern locations than tags from European-origin salmon. Analysis of rates of tag recovery suggested similar rates before and after the introduction of the NASCO Tag Return Incentive Scheme. The straight-line migration speed of both North American and European salmon changed very little over the time-series, but was ∼40% greater for North American salmon (0.43 m s−1) than for European salmon (0.29–0.32 m s−1).
Trigeminal Nerve Injury ErbB3/ErbB2 Promotes Mechanical Hypersensitivity
Authors: Ma Fei , Zhang Liping , Westlund Karin N. 
Published: June 2012

Background
Chronic constriction injury of the trigeminal infraorbital nerve results in transient analgesia followed by whisker pad mechanical allodynia in rats. Neuregulin 1 expressed on axonal membranes binds receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB, promoting Schwann cell development and remyelination. This study investigated whether orofacial mechanical allodynia is signaled by ErbB3-ErbB2 heterodimers in injured nerves.

Methods
Whisker pad mechanical allodynia (von Frey stimuli) was quantified in wild type rats and in transgenic rats with Sleeping Beauty transposon mutation for neuregulin 1 transgene. Pain-related behavior was retested after intraperitoneal injection of the ErbB2 inhibitor Lapatinib, an agent shown by others to reduce breast cancer pain. Infraorbital nerve injury was evaluated histologically with myelin and neuronal biomarkers. ErbB3 changes over time were measured with western blots.

Results
Whisker pad mechanical hypersensitivity began in week 2 in wild type rats (3.11 ± 5.93 g vs. 18.72 ± 0.00 g after sham surgery, n = 9, P < 0.001), indicating trigeminal neuropathic pain, but was not evident in transgenic rats (odds ratio: 1.12, 95% confidence interval: 0.38-3.35). Initiation of statistically significant mechanohypersensitivity was delayed until week 6 after surgery in transgenic rats (3.44 ± 4.60 g vs. 18.72 ± 0.00 g, n = 4, P < 0.001). Mechanical allodynia, which persisted 8 weeks in wild type rats was alleviated by Lapatinib (15 ± 3.89 g vs. 2.45 ± 1.13 g, n = 6, P < 0.001). Infraorbital nerve damage was verified histologically. Statistically significant ErbB3 increases (weeks 5 and 10) in wild type and transgenic rats (week 10) coincided with time points when mechanical hypersensitivity was present.

Conclusion
The Neuregulin 1-ErbB3-ErbB2 complex is a causal mechanism in nerve injury-induced trigeminal neuropathic pain. Understanding peripheral glial mechanisms after nerve injury will improve neuropathic pain treatment.
Cooperative D1 Degradation in the Photosystem II Repair Mediated by Chloroplastic Proteases in Arabidopsis
Authors: Kato Yusuke , Sun Xuwu , Zhang Lixin , Sakamoto Wataru 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Light energy constantly damages photosynthetic apparatuses, ultimately causing impaired growth. Particularly, the sessile nature of higher plants has allowed chloroplasts to develop unique mechanisms to alleviate the irreversible inactivation of photosynthesis. Photosystem II (PSII) is known as a primary target of photodamage. Photosynthetic organisms have evolved the so-called PSII repair cycle, in which a reaction center protein, D1, is degraded rapidly in a specific manner. Two proteases that perform processive or endopeptidic degradation, FtsH and Deg, respectively, participate in this cycle. To examine the cooperative D1 degradation by these proteases, we engaged Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants lacking FtsH2 (yellow variegated2 [var2]) and Deg5/Deg8 (deg5 deg8) in detecting D1 cleaved fragments. We detected several D1 fragments only under the var2 background, using amino-terminal or carboxyl-terminal specific antibodies of D1. The appearance of these D1 fragments was inhibited by a serine protease inhibitor and by deg5 deg8 mutations. Given the localization of Deg5/Deg8 on the luminal side of thylakoid membranes, we inferred that Deg5/Deg8 cleaves D1 at its luminal loop connecting the transmembrane helices C and D and that the cleaved products of D1 are the substrate for FtsH. These D1 fragments detected in var2 were associated with the PSII monomer, dimer, and partial disassembly complex but not with PSII supercomplexes. It is particularly interesting that another processive protease, Clp, was up-regulated and appeared to be recruited from stroma to the thylakoid membrane in var2, suggesting compensation for FtsH deficiency. Together, our data demonstrate in vivo cooperative degradation of D1, in which Deg cleavage assists FtsH processive degradation under photoinhibitory conditions.
Correlates of benzodiazepine dependence in the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety
Authors: Manthey Leonie , Lohbeck Marijke , Giltay Erik J. , van Veena Tineke , Zitman Frans G. , Penninx Brenda W. J. H. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAimsBenzodiazepines (BZDs) are effective in the short term against anxiety and insomnia. However, some BZD users develop BZD dependence after a relatively short period of time. Therefore, we aimed to identify the risk factors of BZD dependence.DesignAn observational cohort study.SettingThe Netherlands.ParticipantsFour hundred and one BZD users of the 2981 participants of the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA) were included.MeasurementsSocio‐demographic, physical, psychological, addiction‐related and BZD use‐related characteristics were investigated as possible correlates of BZD dependence severity. Dependence severity was measured by the three subscales of the Benzodiazepine Self‐Report Questionnaire, comprising problematic use, preoccupation and lack of compliance.FindingsIn multivariate analyses, problematic use was associated with more GP contacts in the past 6 months (β = 0.170, P = 0.001) and severity of insomnia (β = 0.145, P = 0.004). Preoccupation was related to anxiety severity (β = 0.194, P = 0.001), antidepressant use (β = 0.197, P < 0.001), alcohol dependence (β = 0.185, P < 0.001) and a higher daily dosage of BZD (β = 0.160, P = 0.001). Lack of compliance was associated with higher age (β = 0.122, P = 0.03), unemployment (β = 0.105, P = 0.04), insomnia (β = 0.129, P = 0.01), antidepressant use (β = 0.148, P = 0.002) and alcohol dependence (β = 0.108, P = 0.02).ConclusionsInsomnia, antidepressant use and alcohol dependence may increase the risk of benzodiazepine dependence among individuals who use benzodiazepines.
A test of proposed new tobacco withdrawal symptoms
Authors: Etter Jean‐François , Ussher Michael , Hughes John R. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAims Recent studies suggest that smoking cessation may cause more withdrawal symptoms than thought previously. The widely used Minnesota Withdrawal Scale (MWS‐R) was revised recently to include some of these newly described symptoms. We assessed the validity of MWS‐R and other proposed self‐reported measures of tobacco withdrawal symptoms.Design and Setting An internet survey of daily and former smokers with repeated measurements, followed by a randomized trial among the daily smokers.Participants Daily smokers (n = 1126) and former smokers (n = 3239).Measurements Participants answered the original MWS (nine items), the eight additional symptoms in the MWS‐R and 23 other questions on tobacco withdrawal symptoms. Daily smokers were assigned randomly to either continue to smoke for 2 weeks or to stop smoking, and they answered follow‐up surveys 1, 3 and 7 days after their target quit date.Findings Among the 31 proposed new symptoms tested by comparing recent quitters with continuing smokers, the only withdrawal‐like symptom observed was worsening of mood swings. Post‐cessation change in mood swings remained statistically significant after adjustment for baseline depression, irritability, impatience, restlessness, stress or anxiety/nervousness. Also, abstinence improved sense of smell, sense of taste and sore throat. Post‐cessation change in symptoms intensities did not predict relapse.Conclusions Moods swings are a symptom of tobacco withdrawal that can be validly measured and are unpleasant. In contrast, smoking cessation also has positive, immediate effects, including improved sense of smell and taste and reduced sore throat.
Fungi are involved in the effects of litter mixtures on consumption by shredders
Authors: JABIOL JÉRÉMY , CHAUVET ERIC 
Published: June 2012

Summary1. Decomposition of litter mixtures in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems often shows non‐additive diversity effects on decomposition rate, generally interpreted in streams as a result of the feeding activity of macroinvertebrates. The extent to which fungal assemblages on mixed litter may influence consumption by macroinvertebrates remains unknown.2. We assessed the effect of litter mixing on all possible three‐species combinations drawn from four tree species (Alnus glutinosa,Betula pendula,Juglans regiaandQuercus robur) on both fungal assemblages and the rate of litter consumption by a common shredder,Gammarus fossarum. After a 9‐week inoculation in a stream, batches of leaf discs were taken from all leaf species within litter mixture combinations. Ergosterol, an indicator of fungal biomass, and the composition of fungal assemblages, assessed from the conidia released, were determined, and incubated litter offered toG. fossarumin a laboratory‐feeding experiment.3. Mixing leaf litter species enhanced both the Simpson’s index of the fungal assemblage and the consumption of litter byG. fossarum, but had no clear effect on mycelial biomass. Specifically, consumption rates ofJ. regiawere consistently higher for mixed‐species litter packs than for single‐species litter. In contrast, the consumption rates ofB. pendulawere not affected by litter mixing, because of the occurrence of both positive and negative litter‐mixing effects in different litter species combinations that counteracted each other.4. In some litter combinations, the greater development of some fungal species (e.g.Clavariopsis aquatica) as shown by higher sporulation rates coincided with increased leaf consumption, which may have resulted from feeding preferences byG. fossarumfor these fungi.5. Where litter mixture effects on decomposition rate are mediated via shredder feeding, this could be due to indirect effects of the fungal assemblage.
Determining vulnerability of stream communities to climate change at the landscape scale
Authors: BUSH A. , NIPPERESS D. , TURAK E. , HUGHES L. 
Published: June 2012

Summary1. As the climate changes, species are expected to shift to higher latitudes and altitudes where suitable habitat is available if dispersal is not constrained by geographic barriers. We analyse patterns of turnover in freshwater macroinvertebrate assemblages to identify which communities are most likely to be at risk from climate change, and the location of geographic barriers that could impede such adaptive range shifts.2. We analysed macroinvertebrate data from standard biological assessments at the family level, from surveys of all coastal basins of New South Wales, Australia, covering a latitudinal gradient of more than 1000 km. We used variance partitioning to separate the variation in composition explained by climate, among‐site distance, human disturbance and other stream factors.3. Montane stream assemblages showed high turnover in response to climatic variation. Turnover in coastal‐fringe streams was least affected by climate, but strongly correlated with distance and stream variables. Significant shifts in assemblage composition occurred between habitats within catchments and across catchment boundaries.4. Montane stream assemblages are most vulnerable to climate change because their distribution is most responsive to climatic factors, and elevated sites are isolated from one another, reducing the scope for altitudinal migration. Dispersal limitations in coastal‐fringe assemblages will also increase their vulnerability to habitat loss from sea‐level rise. For all stream classes, the separation of many neighbouring catchment assemblages, owing to either limited dispersal or the lack of suitable habitat, is likely to constrain adaptive range shifts. This would lead to an overall reduction in beta diversity among reaches and subsequently to a reduction in landscape‐level gamma diversity.
Dried jujube classification using support vector machine based on fractal parameters and red, green and blue intensity
Authors: Lou Heqiang , Hu Ya , Wang Bin , Lu Hongfei 
Published: June 2012

SummaryA new method that combines fractal theory and red, green and blue (RGB) colour intensity was developed to sort dried jujube fruits by using support vector machine (SVM). Our result shows that the new method is fast and accurate in dried jujube fruits classification. The SVM models based on fractal parameters only achieved 85.18–92.73% total accuracy rate. The total classification accuracy of SVM based on RGB intensity values was 94.44%. However, the SVM models based on combining fractal parameters with RGB intensity values achieved 94.44–98.15% total accuracy rate. The best classification accuracy (98.15%) was found when using SVM model based on combining fractal measures (FM) with RGB intensity values (C = 512, γ = 0.0078125). Therefore, the SVM model based on combining FMs with RGB intensity is recommended in dried jujube fruits classification.