bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influência da pandemia de COVID-19 na apresentação da apendicite aguda e nos resultados cirúrgicos em hospital público de Salvador, Bahia
Authors: Almeida Renê Mariano de , Araújo Roberto Paulo Correia de 
Published: June 2024

Introdução: nos primeiros meses da pandemia de COVID-19, os pacientes com apendicite aguda (AA) encontraram o sistema de saúde sobrecarregado, pressionado por adaptações, que poderiam comprometer os resultados do tratamento cirúrgico. Por exemplo, a admissão hospitalar de pacientes com maior tempo de evolução da doença e maior uso das apendicectomias abertas. Objetivo; comparar a frequência, a gravidade e os resultados das apendicectomias laparoscópica e aberta em hospital público de referência na cidade de Salvador, estado da Bahia, do período transpandemia de COVID-19 com o período de pré-pandemia. Metodologia: estudo retrospectivo com duas séries de pacientes submetidos à apendicectomia no Hospital Municipal de Salvador (HMS), entre 1º de março de 2019 e 28 de fevereiro de 2020 (pré-pandemia) e de 1º de março de 2020 até 28 de feverreiro de 2021 (primeiro ano transpandemia). A análise incluiu o tempo de evolução de sintomas, a classificação da AA por gravidade assim como os tipos de intervenções e os desfechos. Resultados: foram analisados os dados de 882 pacientes de apendicectomias por AA no HMS: 470 casos no ano anterior (pré-pandemia) e 412 na transpandemia. Do total, 490 (55,6%) apendicectomias laparoscópicas e 392 (44,4%) apendicectomias abertas: na pré-pandemia, foram 307 (65,3%) apendicectomias laparoscópicas, outras 20 (6,0%) convertidas, completando 163 (34,7%) apendicectomias abertas. No primeiro ano transpandemia, foram realizadas 185 (44,9%) apendicectomias laparoscópicas, outras 10 (5,1%) convertidas, compreendendo 227 (55,1%) apendicectomias abertas. As taxas de complicações pós-operatórias foram 38,5% com a cirurgia aberta e 15,7% com a cirurgia laparoscópica. As reoperações foram mais frequentes na cirurgia aberta (11,0% contra 5,5%), como também a mortalidade operatória (2,1% contra 0,4%). A permanência hospitalar foi maior nos casos de apendicectomia aberta, especialmente em idosos e crianças. Conclusão: O impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 produziu mudanças significativas no tempo de evolução de sintomas e no tratamento cirúrgico da AA e estiveram relacionadas com maiores gravidade, taxas de reoperações, tempos de permanência hospitalar e complicações pós-operatórias, relacionadas com o aumento do número de apendicectomias abertas.
Familial concordance for height and its components: Analyses from the breakthrough generations study
Authors: Morris Danielle H. , Jones Michael E. , Schoemaker Minouk J. , Ashworth Alan , Swerdlow Anthony J. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectives:To assess familial resemblance for height, arm span, and components of these, and differences between concordance for short and tall heights.Methods:We examined whether female relatives were similar for six anthropometric measurements (height, arm span, leg, trunk and arm length, and leg:trunk length ratio). Subjects were 31,622 related individuals aged 16–102 yr participating in the UK Breakthrough Generations Study. Height and arm span were self‐reported, limb and trunk length were measured in a subset (N = 508) by study investigators, and paternal height was reported by the daughter. Data were analyzed using correlations and Poisson regression.Results:Correlation coefficients within families were 0.4 for height, 0.3 for arm span, and 0.5 for leg length, trunk length, leg:trunk ratio, and arm length. Women had a relative risk (RR) of being short (i.e., in the lowest height quintile) of 2.3 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.1–2.5) if their mother was short, 2.1 (95% CI = 1.9–2.3) if their father was short, and 3.7 (95% CI = 3.4–4.0) if both parents were short. RRs of being tall (i.e., in the highest height quintile) were 2.3 (95% CI = 2.1–2.5), 2.4 (95% CI = 2.2–2.6), and 4.4 (95% CI = 4.1–4.8) if their mother, father or both were tall, respectively.Conclusions:We have shown, for the first time, that leg:trunk length ratio and arm length aggregate within families. Concordance seemed to be stronger for tall than short heights. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Melt strength, local velocity, and elongational viscosity profiles of low‐density polyethylene filaments affected by the die design and process conditions
Authors: Sitticharoen Watcharin , Harnnarongchai Wanlop , Intawong Naret , Sombatsompop Narongrit 
Published: November 2011

AbstractAn experimental arrangement to simultaneously measure the melt strength, velocity profiles, and elongational viscosity profiles across the cross section of a molten filament that emerged from either a circular or slit die for low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) under nonisothermal and isothermal conditions is proposed. The proposed experimental rig was based on a parallel coextrusion technique of colored LDPE melt layers into an uncolored melt flowing from the barrel into and out of a die to form a continuous filament before they were pulled down by mechanical rollers until the filament failed. The experimental rig was also equipped with a high‐speed data‐logging system and a personal computer for real‐time measurements. The results suggest that the draw‐down forces changed continuously with changing roller speed, and the velocity profiles of the melt were not uniform across the LDPE filament during the stretching of the melt. Greater draw‐down forces and local melt velocities were obtained in the slit die or under the nonisothermal condition. The draw‐down forces and velocity profiles in both dies were affected by the volumetric flow rates from the extruder and the roller speeds used, with the effect being more pronounced for the circular die. The elongational viscosity profiles of the LDPE filament were not uniform across the filament cross section and corresponded well to the obtained velocity profiles. The elongational viscosities of the LDPE filament were relatively higher when the filament was extruded and stretched in the circular die and under the nonisothermal condition. The changes in the elongational viscosity profiles were more sensitive to changes in the volumetric flow rate and roller speed in the circular die. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Synthesis of novel silica gel immobilized‐calix[4]arene amide ionophores and their anion binding abilities toward phosphate and chromate anions
Authors: Yiǧiter Şengül , Bayrakcı Mevlüt , Ertul Şeref , Yılmaz Mustafa 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThis article describes the synthesis and characterization of four new calix[4]arene ionophores 5–7 and 9 and corresponding two new silica gel‐immobilized calix[4]arene ionophores containing pyridine 10 and 11 via modification of calix[4]arene monoamide derivatives 5 and 6 with aminopropyl silica gel, respectively. The extraction studies have been performed using liquid–liquid extraction for receptors 5–7 and 9 and solid–liquid batchwise sorption procedures for receptors 10 and 11. Obtained extraction results showed that the immobilized‐calix[4] arene ionophores 10 and 11 have high extraction ability toward chromate and phosphate anions as compared to their corresponding monomeric precursors 5 and 6. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Synthesis and characterization of a new family of cationic amino acid‐based poly(ester amide)s and their biological properties
Authors: Song H. , Chu C. C. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA new family of positively charged and water soluble amino acid‐based poly(ester amide)s (PEAs) consisting of nontoxic L‐arginine, diols, and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids building blocks was synthesized and characterized. The L‐arginine based PEAs (Arg‐PEAs) were prepared by a solution polycondensation of two monomers: tetra‐p‐toluenesulfonic acids salts or hydrochloride acid salts of bis‐(L‐arginine) α, ω‐alkylene diesters (monomer II), and di‐p‐nitrophenyl esters of saturated or unsaturated dicarboxylic acids (monomer I). Optimal reaction conditions were studied as functions of type of solvents and acid acceptors, concentrations of reactants. The molecular weights (Mn and Mw) of Arg‐PEAs measured by GPC ranged from 20,000 to 60,000 g mol−1 with a rather narrow molecular weight distribution below 1.5. The chemical structures were confirmed by IR and NMR spectra. Arg‐PEAs obtained were all amorphous materials with Tg from 33 to 125°C, depending on the number and the type (saturated vs. unsaturated) of methylene groups in diols or diacids, and the type of counter‐ions attached to the guanidine group of the Arg‐based PEAs. The Arg‐PEAs had a high solubility in all polar solvents, including water. Preliminary studies of cell morphology and DNA capture capability of Arg‐PEAs indicated that this new family of cationic PEAs was nontoxic and more biocompatible than a commercial transfection agent (Superfect®), and can successfully capture plasma DNA. The strong positive charge of Arg‐PEAs as well as their good water solubility could provide unique characteristics for potential gene transfection or other charge preferred biomedical applications. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Lithium‐Ion Conducting Electrolyte Salts for Lithium Batteries
Authors: Aravindan Vanchiappan , Gnanaraj Joe , Madhavi Srinivasan , Liu Hua‐Kun 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThis paper presents an overview of the various types of lithium salts used to conduct Li+ ions in electrolyte solutions for lithium rechargeable batteries. More emphasis is paid towards lithium salts and their ionic conductivity in conventional solutions, solid–electrolyte interface (SEI) formation towards carbonaceous anodes and the effect of anions on the aluminium current collector. The physicochemical and functional parameters relevant to electrochemical properties, that is, electrochemical stabilities, are also presented. The new types of lithium salts, such as the bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB), oxalyldifluoroborate (LiODFB) and fluoroalkylphosphate (LiFAP), are described in detail with their appropriate synthesis procedures, possible decomposition mechanism for SEI formation and prospect of using them in future generation lithium‐ion batteries. Finally, the state‐of‐the‐art of the system is given and some interesting strategies for the future developments are illustrated.
ChemInform Abstract: Phase Equilibria of the Cu—Ni—Si System at 700 °C.
Authors: Sun Weihua , Xu Honghui , Liu Shuhong , Du Yong , Yuan Zhaohui , Huang Baiyun 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe phase equilibria at the 700 °C isothermal section of the title system are determined by XRD, SEM, optical microscopy, X‐ray spectroscopy, and electron probe microanalysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Low‐Temperature Synthesis of Peony‐Like Spinel Li4Ti5O12 as a High‐Performance Anode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries.
Authors: Li Guanchao , Xia Jian , Jiao Jiqing , Chen Liuping , Shen Peikang 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe title compound is synthesized from an aqueous solution of hydrous titanium oxide and lithium hydroxide (autoclave, 180 °C, 24 ) followed by calcination of the obtained powder at 400 °C for 2 h in air.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrothermal Synthesis of Superconductors Ba1‐xKxBiO3 and Double Perovskites Ba1‐xKxBi1‐yNayO3.
Authors: Zhang Ganghua , Li Guobao , Huang Fuqiang , Liao Fuhui , Li Kuo , Wang Yinxia , Lin Jianhua 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBa1‐xKxBiO3 (x = 0.05, 0.35, 0.5,0.55), BaBi0.75Na0.25O3, and Ba0.85K0.15Bi0.83Na0.17 O3 are hydrothermally synthesized from aqueous solutions of Bi(NO3)3, Ba(NO3)2, NaBiO3, and KOH (autoclave, 180 °C, 1—5 d) and characterized by SEM, powder XRD, and magnetization measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Two Novel 2D Organic—Inorganic Hybrid Lacunary Keggin Phosphotungstate 3d—4f Heterometallic Derivatives: [Cu(en)2]2H6 [Ce(α‐PW11O39)2] ·8H2O and [Cu(dap)2(H2O)][Cu(dap)2]4.5 [Dy(α‐PW11O39)2] ·4H2O.
Authors: Shi Dongying , Chen Lijuan , Zhao Junwei , Wang Yu , Ma Pengtao , Niu Jingyang 
Published: November 2011

AbstractCompounds (IV) and (VI) are characterized by powder and single crystal XRD, and IR spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Application of Modified Silica Sulfuric Acid as a Solid Acid Heterogeneous Catalyst in Michael Addition Reactions.
Authors: Zolfigol Mohammad Ali , Veisi Hojat , Mohanazadeh Farajollah , Sedrpoushan Alireza 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe use of the modified, nonvolatile, inexpensive, and safe catalyst in the Michael addition reaction with indole (I), pyrrole (VI), and thiols (VIII)/(XI) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed 1,3‐Acyloxy Migration/5‐exo‐dig Cyclization/1,5‐Acyl Migration of Diynyl Esters.
Authors: Leboeuf David , Simonneau Antoine , Aubert Corinne , Malacria Max , Gandon Vincent , Fensterbank Louis 
Published: November 2011

AbstractGold‐catalyzed cycloisomerization of heptadiynyl esters, e.g. (I), (III) or (V), proceeds with an unprecedented 1,5‐sigmatropic acyl shift.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Method for Introducing a Polyfluoroalkyl Group into Aromatic Compounds.
Authors: Tahara Ryuhei , Fukuhara Tadahito , Hara Shoji 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe introduction of a polyfluoroalkyl group into aromatic compounds (II) is achieved by Friedel‐Crafts reaction using sulfides (I).
ChemInform Abstract: SnCl2/KI‐Mediated Allylation Reactions of Formaldehyde in Water.
Authors: Lin Mei‐Huey , Lin Long‐Zhi , Chuang Tsung‐Hsun 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe reaction of formaldehyde with allyl bromides affords homoallylic and 2‐halohomoallylic alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Double Hydroacylation Reactions of Acyclic and Cyclic α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes.
Authors: Cha Kyung‐Mi , Lee Hyejeong , Park Jung‐Woo , Lee Yura , Jo Eun‐Ae , Jun Chul‐Ho 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe title reaction of acyclic α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes with alkenes leads to two ketone products via 1,4‐addition of a primary amine (CyNH2 or hexylamine) to the aldehyde followed by a retro‐Mannich‐type fragmentation of the resulting β‐aminoketimine intermediates.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Coupling via Hydrative Conjugate Addition of Alkynes to Alkenes: One‐Pot Synthesis of 1,4‐Dicarbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Chen Yiyun , Park Sung Hwan , Lee Chung Whan , Lee Chulbom 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA terminal alkyne, a vinyl ketone or an acrylate, and water undergo react in the presence of RUP to give the desired 1,4‐diketones with some exceptions.
ChemInform Abstract: Ligand‐Free Nickel‐Catalyzed Conversion of Aldoximes into Nitriles.
Authors: Li Yen‐Ting , Liao Bei‐Sih , Chen Hsin‐Pei , Liu Shiuh‐Tzung 
Published: November 2011

AbstractAn efficient dehydration of a variety of aldoximes is developed using molecular sieves in the presence of an optimized Ni(II) catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: (+)‐Tartaric Acid‐Catalyzed High Regio‐ and Stereoselective Aminobromination of Olefins.
Authors: Chen Zhanguo , Wei Junfa , Li Wenli , Wang Yun , Zhao Pengfei , Shi Xianying 
Published: November 2011

Abstractα,β‐Unsaturated ketones, α,β‐unsaturated esters, and simple olefins are easily transformed into vicinal haloamino products with excellent regio‐ and stereoselectivity using TosNH2/NBS as the nitrogen/halogen sources and (+)‐tartaric acid as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Iodoarene‐Mediated α‐Tosyloxylation of Ketones with MCPBA and p‐Toluenesulfonic Acid.
Authors: Tanaka Ayumi , Moriyama Katsuhiko , Togo Hideo 
Published: November 2011

Abstract4‐tert‐Butyl‐1‐[(hydroxy)(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene, generated in situ, serves as an α‐tosyloxylation reagent for ketone substrates to afford synthetically important subunits for heterocycle synthesis.
ChemInform Abstract: Enhancing Activity of Suzuki Reactions in Water by Using Guanidinium Ionic Liquid Stabilized Palladium Micelle Catalyst.
Authors: Lin Li , Li Yanchun , Zhang Suobo , Li Shenghai 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA ligand‐free coupling of aryl bromides or chlorides with arylboronic acids is developed using the ionic liquid GIL5 as an additive forming nanometric palladium micelles.
ChemInform Abstract: pH‐Responsive Chelating N‐Heterocyclic Dicarbene Palladium(II) Complexes: Recoverable Precatalysts for Suzuki—Miyaura Reaction in Pure Water.
Authors: Li Liuyi , Wang Jinyun , Zhou Chunshan , Wang Ruihu , Hong Maochun 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe applied catalytic system can be recycled at least four times.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium (II) Complexes with the Unsymmetrical H‐Spirophosphorane Ligand HP(OCMe2CMe2O)(OCH2CMe2NH): Synthesis, Structural and Catalytic Studies.
Authors: Skarzynska Anna , Gniewek Andrzej 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe mononuclear palladium complexes (I) and (II), prepared from the title ligand, catalyze the Heck and Hiyama coupling reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Control for the Cationic Platinum(II)‐Catalyzed Concise Synthesis of Two Types of Fused Carbocycles with Angular Oxygen Functionality.
Authors: Kusama Hiroyuki , Watanabe Eiichi , Ishida Kento , Iwasawa Nobuharu 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe preparation of two types of synthetically useful, oxygenated bicycloundecane derivatives is realized starting from the same cyclohexanone by selection of the vinyl ether and the catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient, Simple, and Scaleable Domino Reaction to Diverse N‐(1‐Oxo‐1H‐inden‐2‐yl)benzamides Catalyzed by HPW@nano‐SiO2 under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Rostami Mahboubeh , Khosropour Ahmad R. , Mirkhani Valiollah , Mohammadpoor‐Baltork Iraj , Moghadam Majid , Tangestaninejad Shahram 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBenzaldehyde and its derivatives react with hippuric acid to give the title compounds (III) and (IX).
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Aromatic Carbenoid Insertion of Biaryldiazoacetates for the Regioselective Synthesis of Fluorenes.
Authors: Kim Jinho , Ohk Youhwa , Park Sae Hume , Jung Yousung , Chang Sukbok 
Published: November 2011

AbstractDirhodium acetates or copper triflate catalyze the highly regioisomeric formation of the fluorenes from appropriately substituted biaryldiazoacetates, whereas under thermal conditions a significantly reduced regioselectivity is observed.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Regioselective and Efficient Synthesis of Aminoepoxides by Ring Closure of Aminohalohydrins Mediated by KF‐Celite.
Authors: Pace Vittorio , Hoyos Pilar , Sinisterra Jose Vicente , Alcantara Andres R. , Holzer Wolfgang 
Published: November 2011

AbstractOptimized reaction conditions allow the regioselective cyclization of aminochlorohydrins and analogues (III) to give the target compounds without any trace of azetidinols.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver‐Mediated exo‐Selective Tandem Desilylative Bromination/Oxycyclization of Silyl‐Protected Alkynes: Synthesis of 2‐Bromomethylene‐Tetrahydrofuran.
Authors: Lee Hyun‐Ji , Lim Chaemin , Hwang Soonho , Jeong Byeong‐Seon , Kim Sanghee 
Published: November 2011

AbstractUnder optimized conditions using a slight excess of NBS in combination with AgF, mono‐bromomethylene‐substituted furans and pyrans are obtained with high preference over the di‐bromomethylene products.
ChemInform Abstract: Organic Hydrogen Phosphites and Hydrogen Phosphates Catalyzed Friedel—Crafts Amidoalkylation of Indoles with Aryl Aldimines.
Authors: Wang Bei‐Lei , Zhang Jin‐Xin , Li Nai‐Kai , Liu Guo‐Gui , Shen Qi , Wang Xing‐Wang 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA short optimization reveals HPO(O‐Me)2 and HO‐PO(O‐Ph)2 to be efficient organocatalysts for the process.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Benzo[c]azocanones and Indeno[1,2‐b]pyrroles from Oxoindanecarboxylates.
Authors: Behler Florian , Habecker Florian , Saak Wolfgang , Kluener Thorsten , Christoffers Jens 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA series of heterocycles (IV) is obtained by bismuth‐catalyzed Paal—Knorr synthesis from phenacyl‐1‐indanone.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthesis of 2‐Arylbenzimidazoles from o‐Phenylenediamines and Arylaldehydes Catalyzed by Fe/CeO2—ZrO2 Nano Fine Particles.
Authors: Behbahani Farahnaz K. , Ziaei Parisa , Fakhroueian Zahra , Doragi Neda 
Published: November 2011

AbstractAn improved synthesis of 2‐arylbenzimidazoles from o‐phenylenediamines and arylaldehydes catalyzed by Fe/CeO2—ZrO2 nano fine particles is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Platinum‐Catalyzed Synthesis of β‐Keto Tetrahydropyrans and Cyclic Dienolethers.
Authors: Liang Qiren , Qian Mingxing , Razzak Mina , De Brabander Jef K. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractZeise′s dimer catalyzes the cyclization of linear propargylic alcohols and esters.
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis, and Cytotoxic Activity Evaluation of New Linear Pyranoxanthone Aminoderivatives.
Authors: Kolokythas George , Daniilides Konstantinos , Pouli Nicole , Marakos Panagiotis , Pratsinis Harris , Kletsas Dimitris 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe hydrochlorides of the compounds (IV), the free amines (VIII) and (XIIIa), and the difumarate of the compound (XIIIb) are screened for their in vitro cytotoxicity against the murine leukemia L1210 cell line, human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT‐29), and human uterine sarcoma (MES‐SA and the multidrug resistant variant MES‐SA/Dx5) cell lines in comparison to the reference drugs mitoxantrone and doxorubicin.
ChemInform Abstract: Using Morita—Baylis—Hillman Acetates of 2‐Azidobenzaldehydes for the Synthesis of 2‐Alkoxy‐3‐cyanomethylquinolines and Alkyl Quinoline‐3‐carboxylates.
Authors: Kim Hea Jung , Jeong Eun Mi , Lee Kee‐Jung 
Published: November 2011

AbstractIn the formation of the unexpected products (VI), the nitro group acts as a leaving group.
ChemInform Abstract: Regio‐ and Stereoselective Synthesis of 1‐Benzopyrano[2,3‐b]pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyridines: A Microwave‐Accelerated Intramolecular [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction of Azomethine Ylide.
Authors: Maiti Sourav , Lakshmykanth T. M. , Panja Suman Kalyan , Mukhopadhyay Ranjan , Datta Ayan , Bandyopadhyay Chandrakanta 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe reaction of the compounds (I) with the compound (II) by heating in toluene gives the product (III) in similar yields but in longer reaction times (25‐30 h).
ChemInform Abstract: NHC‐Cu‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydroboration of Acyclic and Exocyclic 1,1‐Disubstituted Aryl Alkenes.
Authors: Corberan Rosa , Mszar Nicholas W. , Hoveyda Amir H. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractNew chiral bidentate N‐heterocyclic carbene—copper complexes (I) promote the enantioselective hydroboration of acyclic alkenes (II)/(V) and exocyclic 1,1‐disubstituted alkenes (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Modifications to the Vilsmeier—Haack Formylation of 1,4‐Dimethylcarbazole and Its Application to the Synthesis of Ellipticines.
Authors: Deane Fiona M. , Miller Charlotte M. , Maguire Anita R. , McCarthy Florence O. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe improved synthesis of the compounds (III), (IX), and (XIV), which are key intermediates in the synthesis of ellipticines (VII) and its derivatives, e.g. (XII), is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: More Than Just Sweet — Sugar‐Derived Stereodifferentiating Agents for Asymmetric Synthesis
Authors: Lehnert Tobias , Oezueduru Guelsuem , Grugel Holger , Albrecht Fabian , Telligmann Susanne M. , Boysen Mike M. K. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractReview: about 150 refs.
Quaternary Ammonium Salts and Their Antimicrobial Potential: Targets or Nonspecific Interactions?
Authors: Tischer Maximilian , Pradel Gabriele , Ohlsen Knut , Holzgrabe Ulrike 
Published: November 2011

AbstractFor more than 50 years dequalinium chloride has been used successfully as an antiseptic drug and disinfectant, particularly for clinical purposes. Given the success of dequalinium chloride, several series of mono‐ and bisquaternary ammonium compounds have been designed and reported to have improved antimicrobial activity. Furthermore, many of them exhibit high activity against mycobacteria and protozoa, especially against plasmodia. This review discusses the structure–activity relationships and the modes of action of the various series of (bis)quaternary ammonium compounds.