bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biocidal and catalytic efficiency of ruthenium(III) complexes with tridentate Schiff base ligands
Authors: Arunachalam S. , Padma Priya N. , Boopathi K. , Jayabalakrishnan C. , Chinnusamy V. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe reaction of the Schiff bases (obtained by condensing isatin with o‐aminophenol/o‐aminothiophenol/o‐aminobenzoic acid) with [RuX3(EPh3)3] (where X = Cl/Br; E = P/As) in benzene afforded new, air‐stable Ru(III) complexes of the general formula [Ru(L)X(EPh3)2] (L = dianion of tridentate Schiff bases). In all these reactions, the Schiff base ligand replaces one triphenylphosphine/triphenylarsine and two chlorides/bromides from the ruthenium precursors. The complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, spectral (FT–IR, UV–vis, 1H and 13C NMR for the ligands, and EPR) and electrochemical studies. All the metal complexes exhibit characteristic LMCT absorption bands in the visible region. The catalytic reactivity proved these complexes to be efficient catalysts in the oxidation of alcohols and CC coupling. All the complexes were screened for their biocidal efficiency against bacteria such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli and fungi such as Botrytis cinerea and Aspergillus niger at 0.25, 0.50 and 1% concentrations. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Novel copper(II) heterochelate: synthesis, structural features and fluorescence studies
Authors: Kharadi G. J. , Patel K. D. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractFluorescence properties of four based derivatives [An] (where n = 1–4) and their Cu(II) heterochelates of the type [Cu(An)(CQ)(OH)]•xH2O {where A1 = 3‐(2‐oxo‐2H‐chromen‐3‐yl)‐4H‐furo[3,2‐c]chromen‐4‐one, A2 = 8‐methyl‐3‐(2‐oxo‐2H‐chromen‐3‐yl)‐4H‐furo[3,2‐c]chromen‐4‐one, A3 = 6‐methyl‐3‐(2‐oxo‐2H‐chromen‐3‐yl)‐4H‐furo[3,2‐c]chromen‐4‐one, A4 = 8‐chloro‐3‐(2‐oxo‐2H‐chromen‐3‐yl)‐4H‐furo[3,2‐c]chromen‐4‐one and x = 3, 2, 4, 1} were studied at room temperature. The fluorescence spectra of heterochelates show red shift, which may be due to the chelation by the ligands to the metal ion. It enhances ligand ability to accept electrons and decreases the electron transition energy. The kinetic parameters such as order of reaction (n), energy of activation (Ea), entropy (ΔS#), pre‐exponential factor (A), enthalpy (ΔH#) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG#) have been reported. The antimicrobial activity of Clioquinol and Cu(II) heterochelates have been determined and described. All the heterochelates showed a more effective antimicrobial activity than the free ligand. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Changes in the chemical structure and properties of a perfluorosulfonated acid membrane induced by fuel‐cell operation
Authors: Bas C. , Flandin L. , Danerol A.‐S. , Claude E. , Rossinot E. , Alberola N. D. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractChanges in a perfluorosulfonated acid polymer membrane in membrane electrode assemblies were studied after different times under stationary conditions in fuel cells. A large series of characterizations demonstrated changes in the morphology, mechanical behavior, and thermal stability upon aging. Overall, the membrane evolution could be mainly attributed to both chemical degradation and cationic contamination. The reduction in the membrane thickness, detected by scanning electron microscopy, was ascribed to a radical unzipping mechanism and polymer chain erosion after 900 h in service. An additional monotonic decrease in the number of CtertiaryF groups was observed even at 400 h. In parallel, membranes were cation‐contaminated, and this led to drastic changes in the thermal and mechanical properties in the first stage of fuel‐cell operation. The pollution cations were shown to have Lewis acid strengths close to 0.25 and thus strongly interacted with sulfonate anions of the membrane. The kinetic dependence of these membrane modifications and the influence of the platinum band were also examined. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Preparation and characterization of polyethylene oxide (PEO)/gelatin blend for biomedical application: Effect of gamma radiation
Authors: Rahman Md. Arifur , Khan Mubarak A. , Tareq Shafi M. 
Published: April 2010

Abstractpolyethylene oxide (PEO)/gelatin blend membranes of four different compositions (w/w) (5/95, 10/90, 20/80, and 30/70) were prepared by solution casting. The films were irradiated by gamma radiation at a total dose of 250 krad (dose rate of 321 krad/h). The X‐ray diffractograms demonstrate both the PEO and radiation influences on the blend thus enhancing crystallinity of gelatin. X‐ray diffractograms of irradiated blend films containing 30% PEO showed highest integrated intensity. The DTA and TGA study showed that the irradiated blend films are more thermally stable than the non‐irradiated films. TMA study showed that the incorporation of PEO into gelatin increased melting point of the blend films. The melting point for irradiated gelatin film changes from 52.9°C to 75.6°C and the glass point changes from 60.3°C to 90.6°C. The phase separation and compatibility of the PEO/gelatin blend films were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results showed that the blend films exhibit higher thermal stability and improved mechanical properties in dry state, which suggests the occurrence of interaction detected by XRD and DTA among gelatin, PEO, and water molecules in the films. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Structural, morphological, thermal, and conductivity studies of magnesium ion conducting P(VdF‐HFP)‐based solid polymer electrolytes with good prospects
Authors: Ramesh S. , Lu Soon‐Chien 
Published: April 2010

AbstractSolid polymer electrolyte (SPE) system purely based on poly(vinylidenefluoride‐hexafluoropropylene) [P(VdF‐HFP)] and magnesium trifluoromethanesulfonate (MgTf) has been synthesized via solution‐casting technique with acetone as solvent. Various instruments have been used to examine the structural, morphological, and thermal behaviors of the samples. X‐ray diffraction (XRD), horizontal attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (HATR‐FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) are utilized to study the conversion of crystalline to amorphous nature in the copolymer. The crystallinity of copolymer matrix has been shown to be greatly affected by incorporation of MgTf, even with low concentration and absence of plasticisers. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), and AC impedance spectroscopy further corroborate the findings. FTIR spectra suggest complexation has occurred between the constituents in these SPEs. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and DSC thermograms show some improvements in thermal behaviors upon the addition of MgTf. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Process vs resource‐oriented Petri net modeling of automated manufacturing systems
Authors: Wu NaiQi , Zhou MengChu 
Published: April 2010

AbstractSince the 1980s, Petri nets (PN) have been widely used to model automated manufacturing systems (AMS) for analysis, performance evaluation, simulation, and control. They are mostly based on process‐oriented modeling methods and thus termed as process‐oriented PN (POPN) in this paper. The recent study of deadlock avoidance problems in AMS led to another type of PN called resource‐oriented PN (ROPN). This paper, for the first time, compares these two modeling methods and resultant models in terms of modeling power, model complexity for analysis and control, and some critical properties. POPN models the part production processes straightforwardly, while ROPN is more compact and effective for deadlock resolution. The relations between these two models are investigated. Several examples are used to illustrate them. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Non‐blocking decentralized control of discrete event systems based on Petri nets
Authors: Lu Feihua , Wu Weimin , Su Hongye , Chu Jian 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe non‐blocking property of discrete event systems can formulate many practical and important properties of manufacturing systems, such as deadlock freeness, liveness and reversibility. But it is difficult to guarantee non‐blocking control. This paper presents a hybrid approach to decentralized control of discrete event systems. More generalized constraints are considered in this approach, which gives a graphical way of designing coordinators to keep the non‐blocking property of the closed‐loop system with decentralized supervisors. This approach also guarantees that the closed‐loop system is maximally permissive. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Stabilization of the Furuta Pendulum with backlash usingH∞‐LMI technique: experimental validation
Authors: Pujol Gisela , Acho Leonardo 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe rotary inverted pendulum, also named Furuta Pendulum, has been studied extensively for control performance evaluation in under‐actuated mechanisms. TheH∞control invoking linear matrix inequality (H∞‐LMI) has been also widely employed for linear control design. This paper deals with the feasibility of theH∞‐LMI technique to stabilize the rotary inverted pendulum around its unstable equilibrium point when there exists a backlash nonlinearity in the actuator. So, theH∞‐LMI faces the nonlinear effect in the actuator and the non‐linear pendulum model. Experimental realization of the designedH∞‐LMI control also shows evidence of the good performance of the controller subject to external perturbation.Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Long‐term trends of winter monsoon synoptic circulations over the maritime continent: 1962–2007
Authors: Juneng Liew , Tangang Fredolin T. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe present study examines the long‐term trends of the winter monsoon northeasterly cold surge and Borneo vortex over the South China Sea. There has been a significant increase in the frequency of the Borneo vortex within the study period of 1962–2007. The location of the center of the Borneo vortices has shifted slightly offshore; northward of western Borneo. This could result in less vortex–land interaction and lengthen the life span of the vortices due to less frictional shear and hence increase the vortex days. These changes could be related to the strengthened easterly component of the cold surge winds. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Bürohochhaus im Palais Quartier — ein besonderes Bauprojekt in der Innenstadt von Frankfurt/Main
Authors: Weischede Dietger , Stumpf Martin , Spreng Stefan 
Published: April 2010

AbstractDieser Beitrag geht auf die Planung und die Bauausführung des Bürohochhauses des “Palais Quartier” in der Innenstadt von Frankfurt am Main ein. Beschrieben werden die Konstruktion und der Bauablauf des 5‐geschossigen Kellerkastens und der Abfangung eines 12 m × 15 m großen Gebäudeteils sowie die Planung, im Speziellen die Verformungsuntersuchung für die Stahlbetonstützen.Office Tower in the Palais Quartier — a special construction project in the city of Frankfurt/Main. This article covers the design and the construction of the office tower of the ”Palais Quartier“ in the city center of Frankfurt am Main. In the following, the structural design and the construction work of the 5 basement levels and the overhanging part of the building with dimensions 12 m × 15 m and 28 levels will be described. Finally, an analysis of the deformation of the columns will be presented.
Design, implementation, and dosimetry analysis of an S‐band waveguide in vitro system for the exposure of cell culture samples to pulsed fields
Authors: Varela José E. , Page Juan E. , Esteban Jaime 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe interaction between electromagnetic fields and biological media, particularly regarding very high power, short pulses as in radar signals, is not a fully understood phenomenon. In the past few years, many in vitro, cellular communications‐oriented exposure studies have been carried out. This article presents a high‐power waveguide exposure system capable of dealing with monochromatic, multicarrier or pulsed signals between 1.8 and 3.2 GHz (L‐ and S‐band) with a pulse duration as low as 90 ns, minimum pulse repetition of 100 Hz, and maximum instantaneous power of 100 W. The setup is currently being used with a 2.2 GHz carrier modulated by 5 µs pulses with a 100 Hz repetition period and approximately 30 W of instantaneous power. After a worst‐case temperature analysis, which does not account for conduction and convection thermal effects, the experiment's exposure is considered sub‐thermal. Evaluation of the results through the specific absorption rate distribution is not considered sufficient enough in these cases. An electromagnetic field distribution analysis is needed. For monochromatic signals, the representation of the modulus of the electric and magnetic field components is proposed as a suitable method of assessment. Bioelectromagnetics 31:479–487, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Closed‐Loop Control of Reactive Crystallization. Part I: Supersaturation‐Controlled Crystallization of L‐Glutamic Acid
Authors: Alatalo H. M. , Hatakka H. , Louhi‐Kultanen M. , Kohonen J. , Reinikainen S.‐P. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe feedback control policy of the reactive crystallization process is studied. A concentration of a crystallizing compound is used to compute the feedback in the closed‐loop control of semi‐batch precipitation. The pH is used as a second feedback value, and the dynamic change of the set value is based on the mass of added acid. The concentration of L‐glutamic acid is determined from measured MID‐IR attenuated total reflection‐Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectra based on a multivariate model. The importance of the supersaturation level control at the nucleation moment and the effect of different supersaturation levels on the quality of the product crystals are studied by using a 50‐L crystallizer. The studied crystal properties of the product are polymorphism (reported metastable α‐ and stable β‐forms) and crystal size. The results show that the feedback process control system developed in this study makes it possible to control the formation of polymorphs effectively.
Closed‐Loop Control of Reactive Crystallization PART II: Polymorphism Control ofL‐Glutamic Acid by Sonocrystallization and Seeding
Authors: Hatakka H. , Alatalo H. , Louhi‐Kultanen M. , Lassila I. , Hæggström E. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe impact of different nucleation methods with controlled supersaturation on the polymorphism ofL‐glutamic acid crystals was studied in a 50 dm3semi‐batch crystallizer, in which 1.5 M H2SO4was fed into a 1.5 M monosodium glutamate solution. Supersaturation was controlled by a feedback loop based on measured ATR‐FTIR spectra and on a thermodynamic model developed in house.Ultrasound‐initiated nucleation produced pure α‐polymorph (over 99.5 wt %) in the end product crystals at 1 mol/dm3supersaturation. Seeded crystallization also produced almost pure α‐polymorph crystals (over 93 wt %), whereas spontaneous nucleation produced a polymorph mixture (from 30–70 wt %) under the same operating conditions. This indicates that supersaturation‐controlled sonocrystallization can be used to control polymorphism in crystals. The novelty herein is the simplicity of the method directing the generation of a desired polymorph.
Gewinnung von fettreduziertem Erbsenprotein auf der Basis eines nasstechnischen Verfahrens zur Stärkeherstellung
Authors: Benecke C. , Graf A. , Beutel S. , Scheper T. , Lotz M. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractHohe Fettgehalte in Erbsenproteinprodukten führen zu einem raschen Verderb durch Autooxidation der enthaltenen Fettsäuren. Um den Fettgehalt in Erbsenprotein zu reduzieren, wurden drei Strategien evaluiert: Extraktion von Fett aus Erbsenmehl vor dem eigentlichen Gewinnungsprozess mit organischen Lösemitteln, thermische Vorbehandlung der getrockneten Erbsen und der Einsatz von Membranadsorbersystemen zur direkten Abtrennung des Proteins aus dem Prozesswasser der Stärkeherstellung. Durch Extraktion mit organischen Lösemitteln konnte der Fettgehalt im Erbsenprotein um 70 % gesenkt werden. Eine thermische Behandlung der Erbsen vor der Proteingewinnung führte dagegen nur zu einer minimalen Verringerung des Fettgehaltes um ca. 10 %. Der Einsatz von Membranadsorbern ist dazu geeignet, Erbsenprotein mit einem um 85 % verringerten Fettgehalt gegenüber herkömmlichen Methoden zu gewinnen. Im Unterschied zu dem gefällten Erbsenprotein ist das durch Membranadsorber gewonnene Protein vollständig wasserlöslich.
Prozessanalyse zum Einsatz von Membrantrennverfahren bei der Umesterung von Fettsäureestern
Authors: Koch K. , Kreis P. , Górak A. , Müller‐Meskamp S. , Wick A. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIn dieser theoretischen Studie wird das Prozessverhalten membranunterstützter Reaktionsprozesse im Industriemaßstab am Beispiel einer Umesterung von Fettsäureestern untersucht. Für die Prozessanalyse werden detaillierte Modelle zur ereignisorientierten, dynamischen Simulation der Batchprozesse verwendet. Ein abschließender Vergleich mit einem konventionellen Herstellungsverfahren zeigt das große Potenzial der membranunterstützten Prozesse auf, die zur Steigerung der prozessintegrierten Energieeffizienz beitragen können.
Anorganisch gefälltes Kieselsäuregel, Teil 1: Bildungskinetik und Eigenschaften
Authors: Quarch K. , Kind M. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractGefällte Kieselsäure (SiO2) wird großindustriell durch die Vermischung einer Silikatlösung mit Säure in einem semi‐batch‐Verfahren hergestellt. Durch Polykondensation entstehen Partikel, die im weiteren Prozessverlauf agglomerieren. Intermediär kommt es zur Ausbildung eines Gels, das jedoch durch den mechanischen Energieeintrag eines Rührers sofort wieder fragmentiert wird. Durch eine Verdichtung dieser Fragmente entstehen die endgültigen Produktagglomerate. Ziel dieser Forschungsarbeit ist es, die Struktur und Größe der entstehenden Produktpartikel über die Prozessparameter zu steuern. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird an nicht gerührten Gelen untersucht, wie sich die Prozessparameter Zusammensetzung, Temperatur und Ionenstärke auf die Eigenschaften des Gels auswirken. Der Einfluss des Leistungseintrags durch den Rührer auf die Fragmentgröße wird im zweiten Teil der Serie [1] beschrieben.
Anorganisch gefälltes Kieselsäuregel, Teil 2: Fragmentierung durch mechanische Belastung
Authors: Quarch K. , Kind M. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractGefällte Kieselsäure (SiO2) wird großindustriell durch die Vermischung einer Silikatlösung mit Säure in einem semi‐batch‐Verfahren hergestellt. Durch Polykondensation entstehen Partikel, die im weiteren Prozessverlauf agglomerieren. Intermediär kommt es zur Ausbildung eines Gels, das jedoch durch den mechanischen Energieeintrag durch den Rührer sofort wieder fragmentiert wird. Durch eine Verdichtung dieser Fragmente entstehen die endgültigen Produktagglomerate. Ziel dieser Forschungsarbeit ist es, die Struktur und Größe der entstehenden Produktpartikel über die Prozessparameter zu steuern. Bei der vorliegenden Veröffentlichung geschieht dies über die Variation der Rührgeschwindigkeit. Dabei kann für unterschiedliche Fällungsparameter gezeigt werden, dass sich das Gel analog zu einer hochviskosen Flüssigkeit verhält. Entgegen der Erwartungen lässt sich die Fragmentgröße jedoch nicht reversibel über den Leistungseintrag einstellen. Der Einfluss der Prozessparameter auf die Festigkeit des Gels wurde im ersten Teil der Serie [1] beschrieben.
Histologic changes associated with false‐negative sentinel lymph nodes after preoperative chemotherapy in patients with confirmed lymph node‐positive breast cancer before treatment
Authors: Brown Alexandra S. , Hunt Kelly K. , Shen Jeannie , Huo Lei , Babiera Gildy V. , Ross Merrick I. , Meric‐Bernstam Funda , Feig Barry W. , Kuerer Henry M. , Boughey Judy C. , Ching Christine D. , Gilcrease Michael Z. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:A wide range of false‐negative rates has been reported for sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy after preoperative chemotherapy. The purpose of this study was to determine whether histologic findings in negative SLNs after preoperative chemotherapy are helpful in assessing the accuracy of SLN biopsy in patients with confirmed lymph node‐positive disease before treatment.METHODS:Eighty‐six patients with confirmed lymph node‐positive disease at presentation underwent successful SLN biopsy and axillary dissection after preoperative chemotherapy at a single institution between 1994 and 2007. Available hematoxylin and eosin‐stained sections from patients with negative SLNs were reviewed, and associations between histologic findings in the negative SLNs and SLN status (true negative vs false negative) were evaluated.RESULTS:Forty‐seven (55%) patients had at least 1 positive SLN, and 39 (45%) patients had negative SLNs. The false‐negative rate was 22%, and the negative predictive value was 67%. The negative SLNs from 17 of 34 patients with available slides had focal areas of fibrosis, some with associated foamy parenchymal histiocytes, fat necrosis, or calcification. These histologic findings occurred in 15 (65%) of 23 patients with true‐negative SLNs and in only 2 (18%) of 11 patients with false‐negative SLNs (P = .03, Fisher exact test, 2‐tailed). The lack of these histologic changes had a sensitivity and specificity for identifying a false‐negative SLN of 82% and 65%, respectively.CONCLUSIONS:Absence of treatment effect in SLNs after chemotherapy in patients with lymph node‐positive disease at initial presentation has good sensitivity but low specificity for identifying a false‐negative SLN. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Imatinib front‐line therapy is safe and effective in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia with pre‐existing liver and/or renal dysfunction
Authors: Tong Wei‐Gang , Kantarjian Hagop , O'Brien Susan , Faderl Stefan , Ravandi Farhad , Borthakur Gautam , Shan Jianqin , Pierce Sherry , Rios Mary Beth , Cortes Jorge 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Imatinib 400 mg daily is the standard treatment for patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). The safety and efficacy of imatinib in CML patients with pre‐existing liver and/or renal dysfunction has not been analyzed.METHODS:The authors analyzed the outcome of 259 patients with early chronic phase CML treated with imatinib (starting dose 400 mg in 50, 800 mg in 209). Pre‐existing liver and/or renal dysfunction was seen in 38 (15%) and 11 (4%) patients, respectively.RESULTS:Dose reductions were required in 91 (43%) of 210 patients with normal organ function, compared with 8 (73%) of 11 (P = .065) with renal dysfunction, and 19 (50%) of 38 (P = .271) with liver dysfunction. Grade 3‐4 hematologic toxicities including anemia (29%, 10%, and 7% of patients with renal dysfunction, liver dysfunction, and normal organ function, respectively), neutropenia (57%, 30%, and 30%), and thrombocytopenia (43%, 30%, and 26%) were more frequent in patients with pre‐existing renal dysfunction treated with high‐dose imatinib. Grade 3‐4 nonhematologic toxicities were observed at similar frequencies. Complete cytogenetic response rates, event‐free survival, and overall survival were similar in all groups.CONCLUSIONS:Although patients with pre‐existing liver and/or renal dysfunction might have a higher rate of hematologic toxicity and require more frequent dose reductions, most patients can be adequately managed, resulting in response rates and survival similar to those without pre‐existing organ dysfunction. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.