bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SAP and XIAP deficiency in hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Yang Xi , Miyawaki Toshio , Kanegane Hirokazu 
Published: June 2012

AbstractHemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a multisystem inflammatory disorder due to cytokine overproduction from excessively activated lymphocytes and macrophages. HLH has been divided into two subgroups: primary HLH and secondary HLH. Primary HLH includes PRF1, UNC13D, STX11, STXBP2, RAB27A, LYST, SH2D1A and XIAP gene mutations; and secondary HLH is associated with infections, malignancies and autoimmune diseases. Among primary HLH‐related genes, SH2D1A and XIAP are genetically responsible for X‐linked lymphoproliferative syndrome (XLP) due to signaling‐lymphocytic‐activation‐molecule‐associated protein (SAP) and XIAP deficiencies, respectively. XLP is characterized by extreme vulnerability to Epstein–Barr virus infection. The major clinical manifestations of XLP consist of HLH (60%), lymphoproliferative disorder (30%) and dysgammaglobulinemia (30%). Analysis of clinical phenotypes of XLP patients suggests that XLP predominantly shows familial HLH phenotypes, whereas some XLP patients present sporadic HLH. For many decades, clinicians and investigators have been concerned with possible XLP in young boys presenting with Epstein–Barr‐virus‐associated HLH. This review aims to describe the new knowledge about XLP and to draw the attention of the pediatrician to XLP, which should be differentiated from other forms of HLH.
Incidence of post‐stroke delirium and 1‐year outcome
Authors: Miu Doris Ka Ying , Yeung June Chui Yan 
Published: June 2012

Introduction:  Post‐stroke delirium is not uncommon, and is associated with poorer outcome, higher mortality, longer hospital stay and greater risk of post‐stroke dementia. We aim to identify the incidence of post‐stroke delirium, risk factors for its development and 1‐year outcome.Method:  Consecutive patients aged >50 years admitted to the acute stroke unit were recruited. Baseline demographic data, types of stroke, location of infarct, etiology of stroke, premorbid cognitive impairment, living arrangement, comorbidity, drug history and biochemical parameters were collected. Delirium was screened by the Confusion Assessment Method. Outcome data included length of stay, mortality, functional mobility, and placement on discharge 6 months and 12 months post‐stroke.Results:  A total of 314 patients with a mean age of 72.9 years were recruited. Of those patients, 86 (27.4%) had delirium. Age (OR 1.05), presence of acute urinary retention (OR 7.67), chest infection (OR 22), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (OR 1.13), total anterior circulation infarct (OR 18.8), posterior circulation infarct (OR 3.52) and pre‐existing cognitive impairment (OR 2.51) were independent predictors of post‐stroke delirium. Patients with delirium had more functional disability, a higher proportion went to a nursing home on discharge (62% vs 11.2%), at 6 months (60% vs 12.5%) and at 12 months (65% vs 13%), and there was higher inpatient mortality (18% vs 2.2%) and 1‐year mortality (30% vs 7.4%). Hospital stay was also longer (45 vs 22 days).Conclusion:  Delirium is a common complication post‐stroke, with treatable risk factors. It results in higher functional impairment, nursing home placement and mortality. Comprehensive geriatric assessment of older stroke patients might help to reduce the occurrence of delirium. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2013; 13: 123–129.
Subjective memory impairment, objective cognitive functioning and social activity in French older people: Findings from the Three Cities study
Authors: Genziani Mirella , Stewart Robert , Béjot Yannick , Amieva Hélène , Artero Sylvaine , Ritchie Karen 
Published: June 2012

Aim:  To investigate the association between subjective memory impairment (SMI) and objective cognitive impairment in later life, and to ascertain whether this is modified by level of social activity, education or living alone.Methods:  Data were analyzed from three French community surveys carried out in Bordeaux, Dijon and Montpellier. Representative samples of 9294 residents aged 65 years and over were included in the study. SMI was ascertained and investigated in relation to performance on the Benton Visual Retention Test (BVRT), the Isaac Set Test (IST) and Trail Making Test B (TMT). Adjustments were made for age, sex, education, depressive symptoms (Centre for Epidemiological Depression scale), site where study was carried out and living alone. Stratified analyses investigated modification by high or low social activity, education or living arrangement.Results:  SMI was reported by 21.9% of the sample, and was significantly associated with lower scores on BVRT and TMT after adjustment for age, sex, education, depressive symptoms, site and living alone. These associations were not significantly modified by social activity, education or living alone.Conclusion:  Worse subjective memory was associated independently with worse performance on two tests of cognitive function; however, in these cohorts, no evidence was found for modification of associations by social activity/support or education. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2013; 13: 139–145.
Effects of a laughter and exercise program on physiological and psychological health among community‐dwelling elderly in Japan: Randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hirosaki Mayumi , Ohira Tetsuya , Kajiura Mitsugu , Kiyama Masahiko , Kitamura Akihiko , Sato Shinichi , Iso Hiroyasu 
Published: June 2012

Aim:  To examine the effects of a once‐weekly laughter and exercise program on physical and psychological health among elderly people living in the community. As a regular exercise program can be difficult to maintain, we provided a more enjoyable program to enhance adherence to exercise.Methods:  A total of 27 individuals aged 60 years or older, without disabilities, were randomly assigned to either an immediate treatment group (n = 14) or a delayed treatment group (n = 13). The intervention was a 120‐min session consisting of laughter and exercise, carried out once a week for 10 consecutive weeks. Measurements taken at baseline, 3 and 6 months included bodyweight, height, body fat, lean mass, bone mineral density, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), glucose, high‐density lipoprotein and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides, as well as self‐rated health and psychological factors.Results:  All participants completed the 3‐month program. Bone mineral density increased significantly in the immediate treatment group compared with the delayed treatment group during the first 3 months (P < 0.001). In addition, HbA1c decreased significantly (P = 0.001), and self‐rated health increased significantly (P = 0.012).Conclusions:  The combination of a laughter and exercise program might have physiological and psychological health benefits for the elderly. Laughter might be an effective strategy to motivate the elderly to participate in physical activity. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2013; 13: 152–160.
How Not to Be Seen — Object Removal from Videos of Crowded Scenes
Authors: Granados M. , Tompkin J. , Kim K. , Grau O. , Kautz J. , Theobalt C. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractRemoving dynamic objects from videos is an extremely challenging problem that even visual effects professionals often solve with time‐consuming manual frame‐by‐frame editing. We propose a new approach to video completion that can deal with complex scenes containing dynamic background and non‐periodical moving objects. We build upon the idea that the spatio‐temporal hole left by a removed object can be filled with data available on other regions of the video where the occluded objects were visible. Video completion is performed by solving a large combinatorial problem that searches for an optimal pattern of pixel offsets from occluded to unoccluded regions. Our contribution includes an energy functional that generalizes well over different scenes with stable parameters, and that has the desirable convergence properties for a graph‐cut‐based optimization. We provide an interface to guide the completion process that both reduces computation time and allows for efficient correction of small errors in the result. We demonstrate that our approach can effectively complete complex, high‐resolution occlusions that are greater in difficulty than what existing methods have shown.
Iterative Image Warping
Authors: Bowles Huw , Mitchell Kenny , Sumner Robert W. , Moore Jeremy , Gross Markus 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAnimated image sequences often exhibit a large amount of inter‐frame coherence which standard rendering algorithms and pipelines are ill‐equipped to exploit, limiting their efficiency. To address this inefficiency we transfer rendering results across frames using a novel image warping algorithm based on fixed point iteration. We analyze the behavior of the iteration and describe two alternative algorithms designed to suit different performance requirements. Further, to demonstrate the versatility of our approach we apply it to a number of spatio‐temporal rendering problems including 30‐to‐60Hz frame upsampling, stereoscopic 3D conversion, defocus and motion blur. Finally we compare our approach against existing image warping methods and demonstrate a significant performance improvement.
Data‐Driven Object Manipulation in Images
Authors: Goldberg Chen , Chen Tao , Zhang Fang‐Lue , Shamir Ariel , Hu Shi‐Min 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe present a framework for interactively manipulating objects in a photograph using related objects obtained from internet images. Given an image, the user selects an object to modify, and provides keywords to describe it. Objects with a similar shape are retrieved and segmented from online images matching the keywords, and deformed to correspond with the selected object. By matching the candidate object and adjusting manipulation parameters, our method appropriately modifies candidate objects and composites them into the scene. Supported manipulations include transferring texture, color and shape from the matched object to the target in a seamless manner. We demonstrate the versatility of our framework using several inputs of varying complexity, for object completion, augmentation, replacement and revealing. Our results are evaluated using a user study.
Interactive Multi‐perspective Imagery from Photos and Videos
Authors: Lieng Henrik , Tompkin James , Kautz Jan 
Published: June 2012

AbstractPhotographs usually show a scene from a single perspective. However, as commonly seen in art, scenes and objects can be visualized from multiple perspectives. Making such images manually is time consuming and tedious. We propose a novel system for designing multi‐perspective images and videos. First, the images in the input sequence are aligned using structure from motion. This enables us to track feature points across the sequence. Second, the user chooses portal polygons in a target image into which different perspectives are to be embedded. The corresponding image regions from the other images are then copied into these portals. Due to the tracking feature and automatic warping, this approach is considerably faster than current tools. We explore a wide range of artistic applications using our system with image and video data, such as looking around corners and up and down stair cases, recursive multi‐perspective imaging, cubism and panoramas.
Novel‐View Synthesis of Outdoor Sport Events Using an Adaptive View‐Dependent Geometry
Authors: Germann Marcel , Popa Tiberiu , Keiser Richard , Ziegler Remo , Gross Markus 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe propose a novel fully automatic method for novel‐viewpoint synthesis. Our method robustly handles multi‐camera setups featuring wide‐baselines in an uncontrolled environment. In a first step, robust and sparse point correspondences are found based on an extension of the Daisy features [TLF10]. These correspondences together with back‐projection errors are used to drive a novel adaptive coarse to fine reconstruction method, allowing to approximate detailed geometry while avoiding an extreme triangle count.To render the scene from arbitrary viewpoints we use a view‐dependent blending of color information in combination with a view‐dependent geometry morph. The view‐dependent geometry compensates for misalignments caused by calibration errors. We demonstrate that our method works well under arbitrary lighting conditions with as little as two cameras featuring wide‐baselines. The footage taken from real sports broadcast events contains fine geometric structures, which result in nice novel‐viewpoint renderings despite of the low resolution in the images.
Analytic Anti‐Aliasing of Linear Functions on Polytopes
Authors: Auzinger T. , Guthe M. , Jeschke S. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis paper presents an analytic formulation for anti‐aliased sampling of 2D polygons and 3D polyhedra. Our framework allows the exact evaluation of the convolution integral with a linear function defined on the polytopes. The filter is a spherically symmetric polynomial of any order, supporting approximations to refined variants such as the Mitchell‐Netravali filter family. This enables high‐quality rasterization of triangles and tetrahedra with linearly interpolated vertex values to regular and non‐regular grids. A closed form solution of the convolution is presented and an efficient implementation on the GPU using DirectX and CUDA C is described.
SMAA: Enhanced Subpixel Morphological Antialiasing
Authors: Jimenez Jorge , Echevarria Jose I. , Sousa Tiago , Gutierrez Diego 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe present a new image‐based, post‐processing antialiasing technique, which offers practical solutions to the common, open problems of existing filter‐based real‐time antialiasing algorithms. Some of the new features include local contrast analysis for more reliable edge detection, and a simple and effective way to handle sharp geometric features and diagonal lines. This, along with our accelerated and accurate pattern classification allows for a better reconstruction of silhouettes. Our method shows for the first time how to combine morphological antialiasing (MLAA) with additional multi/supersampling strategies (MSAA, SSAA) for accurate subpixel features, and how to couple it with temporal reprojection; always preserving the sharpness of the image. All these solutions combine synergies making for a very robust technique, yielding results of better overall quality than previous approaches while more closely converging to MSAA/SSAA references but maintaining extremely fast execution times. Additionally, we propose different presets to better fit the available resources or particular needs of each scenario.
Black is Green: Adaptive Color Transformation For Reduced Ink Usage
Authors: Shapira L. , Oicherman B. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA vast majority of color transformations applied to an image in the digital press industry are static and pre‐calculated. In order to achieve the best quality on a wide variety of different images, these transformations tend to be highly conservative with respect to the use of black ink. This results in excessive use of inks, which has a negative economic and environmental impact. We present a method for dynamic computation of color transformation based on image content, with the aim to reduce ink usage. We analyze the image, and predict areas in which quality artifacts that may result from such a reduction will be masked by the image content. These areas include detailed textures, noisy areas and structure. We then replace the image CMYK values by a new combination with increased black. Our algorithm ensures negligible color shifts in the resulting image, and no visible reduction in quality. We achieve an average of over 10% ink savings.
Repetition Maximization based Texture Rectification
Authors: Aiger Dror , Cohen‐Or Daniel , Mitra Niloy J. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractMany photographs are taken in perspective. Techniques for rectifying resulting perspective distortions typically rely on the existence of parallel lines in the scene. In scenarios where such parallel lines are hard to automatically extract or manually annotate, the unwarping process remains a challenge. In this paper, we introduce an automatic algorithm to rectifying images containing textures of repeated elements lying on an unknown plane. We unwrap the input by maximizing for image self‐similarity over the space of homography transformations. We map a set of detected regional descriptors to surfaces in a transformation space, compute the intersection points among triplets of such surfaces, and then use consensus among the projected intersection points to extract the correcting transform. Our algorithm is global, robust, and does not require explicit or accurate detection of similar elements. We evaluate our method on a variety of challenging textures and images. The rectified outputs are directly useful for various tasks including texture synthesis, image completion, etc.
Interaction Retrieval by Spacetime Proximity Graphs
Authors: Tang Jeff K.T. , Chan Jacky C.P. , Leung Howard , Komura Taku 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a new method to index and retrieve animation scenes in which multiple characters closely interact with one another. Such a technique can be an important tool for animators when they want to automatically extract the desired scene from a large database of animation sequence. Existing methods for single character movements do not scale well for multiple characters as they do not take into account the interaction of different body parts. In this paper, we propose a new distance function that computes the similarity of two‐character interations using the spatial relationship of the body parts. For each interaction, we produce a time‐varying graph structure based on the proximity of different joints, and compute the similarity of interactions by comparing the topology and Laplacian coordinates of the time‐varying graph. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms previous methods which are based on the kinematics of individual characters. The top retrieved samples are found similar in high level semantics while containing style variations.
ShadowPix: Multiple Images from Self Shadowing
Authors: Bermano Amit , Baran Ilya , Alexa Marc , Matusk Wojciech 
Published: June 2012

AbstractShadowPixare white surfaces that display several prescribed images formed by the self‐shadowing of the surface when lit from certain directions. The effect is surprising and not commonly seen in the real world. We present algorithms for constructing ShadowPixthat allow up to four images to be embedded in a single surface. ShadowPixcan produce a variety of unusual effects depending on the embedded images: moving the light can animate or relight the object in the image, or three colored lights may be used to produce a single colored image. ShadowPixare easy to manufacture using a 3D printer and we present photographs, videos, and renderings demonstrating these effects.
Interactive Coherence‐Based Façade Modeling
Authors: Musialski Przemyslaw , Wimmer Michael , Wonka Peter 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe propose a novel interactive framework for modeling building façades from images. Our method is based on the notion of coherence‐based editing which allows exploiting partial symmetries across the façade at any level of detail. The proposed workflow mixes manual interaction with automatic splitting and grouping operations based on unsupervised cluster analysis. In contrast to previous work, our approach leads to detailed 3d geometric models with up to several thousand regions per façade. We compare our modeling scheme to others and evaluate our approach in a user study with an experienced user and several novice users.
Non‐linear Effects of Comparison Income in Quit Decisions: Status versus Signal!
Authors: Pfeifer Christian , Schneck Stefan 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis research note utilizes German matched employer–employee data to investigate the relationship between mobility and relative wage positions within establishments for workers without university degrees. The main innovation involves the examination of non‐linear effects, because previous literature mainly analyses mean linear effects. Our random‐effects probit estimates of mobility suggest a non‐linear U‐shaped effect with respect to relative standing. This is plausible because workers in low relative wage positions might quit because of their low status and those in high relative wage positions because of their low career advancement opportunities. Consideration of non‐linearities, thus, is a major improvement for the analysis of the effects of relative wage positions.
Mobilizing to Stay Put: Housing Struggles in New York City
Authors: MAECKELBERGH MARIANNE 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis article examines how housing becomes a basis for mobilization that brings residents in East Harlem, New York City into internationally mobile social movement networks. These networks foster the mobility of people, practices and ideas to transform ‘housing’ from an immobile practice into a mobile, shifting entity experienced as tenuous, a counterfactual demand for immobility, and an expression of a shared desire for self‐determination. Through mobilizing frames that turn the demand for decent housing into a struggle against neoliberalism, gentrification and displacement, and for collective self‐determination, housing struggles create multi‐scale networks of mobility that are essential to pursuing a neighborhood‐level struggle to stay put.RésuméLe logement est à la base d'une mobilisation des New‐yorkais de East Harlem qui les a fait entrer dans des réseaux de mouvements sociaux mobiles à l'échelon international. Ces réseaux favorisent la mobilité des individus, des pratiques et des idées de sorte que le ‘logement’ ne soit plus une expérience immobile, mais une entité variable mobile vécue comme précaire, une demande virtuelle d'immobilité et l'expression d'un désir commun d'autodétermination. En passant par des cadres de mobilisation qui transforment la demande de logement décent en un combat à la fois contre le néolibéralisme, la gentrification et les déménagements forcés, et pour une autodétermination collective, les luttes liées au logement créent des réseaux de mobilitéà plusieurs échelons, indispensables à la résistance des habitants qui ne veulent pas quitter leur quartier.
When do politicians listen to lobbyists (and who benefits when they do)?
Authors: BERNHAGEN PATRICK 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis article provides an empirical test of an informational model of lobbying. The model predicts when lobbyists provide useful information to policy makers and when policy makers follow lobbyists' advice. The predictions are assessed against data on the policy positions and lobbying activities of firms and other organised groups in the context of 28 policy proposals advanced by United Kingdom governments between 2001 and 2007. The results suggest that the interactions between policy makers and lobbyists are driven mainly by the expected policy costs for policy makers, providing lobbyists with strong incentives to provide correct advice to policy makers. There is little support for the expectation that lobbyists can successfully persuade policy makers to take a course of action that is beneficial to the lobbyist at the expense of wider constituencies.