bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carcinoid Tumor in a Presacral Teratoma Associated with an Anterior Sacral Meningocele: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Fiandaca Massimo S. , Ross Wayne K. , Pearl Gary S. , Bakay Roy A.E. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
We report a case of a presacral teratoma containing a malignant carcinoid component associated with an anterior sacral meningocele that presented in a 35-year-old woman. The clinical, radiographic, and pathological features of these rare tumors, of presacral meningoceles, and of the hereditary presacral teratoma syndrome are discussed. (Neurosurgery 22:581-588, 1988)
Infantile Chronic Subdural Hematoma with Local Protrusion of the Skull in a Case of Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Authors: Tokoro Kazuhiko , Nakajima Fumoto , Yamataki Akira 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta with infantile chronic subdural hematoma is extremely rare and has not been previously described in the literature. Our patient was a baby girl suffering from osteogenesis imperfecta tarda (Type I) who had an acute subdural hematoma at birth and who developed a progressive chronic subdural hematoma with local protrusion of the overlying skull. She was treated surgically with a good result. This rare complication is due to weakness of an insufficiently calcified skull, which is peculiar to this disorder of bone and connective tissue development. (Neurosurgery 22:595-598, 1988)
Cysts with Mural Tumor Nodules in the Cerebral Hemispheres
Authors: Maiuri Francesco 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Ten cases of cystic tumor with mural nodules in the cerebral hemispheres are reported. The tumors include five benign astrocytomas, two meningiomas, one ependymoma, one neuroblastoma, and one hemangioblastoma. In all cases, computed tomography showed enhancing mural tumors without enhancement of the cyst wall. Complete removal of the mural tumor without excision of the cyst is the goal of operation. The prognosis for patients with cystic tumors with mural nodules is excellent, clearly better than that of solid tumors.
Cervical Spinal Cord Stimulation for Spasticity in Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Hugenholtz Herman , Humphreys Peter , McIntyre William M. J. , Spasoff Robert A. , Steel Kate 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A prospective double-blind study of high cervical spinal cord stimulation conducted in eight moderately disabled, spastic, cerebral palsied children failed to demonstrate any significant improvement over base line function during chronic spinal cord stimulation at either optimal stimulation parameters or random placebo parameters. Chronic stimulation included 4 consecutive months of stimulation for 24 hours each day. Stimulators were randomly programmed at optimal parameters for 2 of the 4 months and at placebo parameters for the remaining 2 months. At the end of each month of chronic stimulation, subjects were assessed with a multidisciplinary test battery that included a self-assessment, specific clinical examinations, tests of gross and fine motor control, neuropsychological and neurophysiological tests, a detailed gait analysis, and video recordings. By 6 months after the completion of the study, only 1 of the 8 subjects continued to use his stimulator on a regular basis, with minimal benefit.
Preliminary Experiences with Brachial Plexus Exploration in Children: Birth Injury and Vehicular Trauma
Authors: Piatt Joseph H. , Hudson Alan R. , Hoffman Harold J. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The application of microsurgical techniques to the peripheral nervous system has made possible the reconstruction of the brachial plexus after vehicular and penetrating injuries. We now report our preliminary experiences utilizing these same techniques in the microsurgical management of brachial plexus birth injury. In contrast to other authors and in distinction from our own experiences with vehicular trauma in children, we did not find lesions requiring reconstruction by grafting or neurotization in any of seven plexus explorations for birth injury. The history of the surgical management of brachial plexus birth injury is reviewed, and the rationale for exploration is developed in the context of the natural history of the condition. Differences between our experiences and the existing literature are analyzed, with particular regard for timing of operation and technique of intraoperative assessment of nerve injury. All children with birth injuries of the brachial plexus require careful, repeated neurological evaluation during the first few months of life. Although the great majority make a rapid and satisfactory spontaneous recovery, the minority who do not recover are destined to suffer significant, life-long disability. Microsurgical brachial plexus exploration may benefit this select group of patients.
Surgical Treatment of Brain Abscess
Authors: Stephanov S. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The author reviews the methods of surgical treatment of brain abscess. All methods are grouped into the following six catagories: tube drainage, marsupialization, the migration method of Kahn, tapping only, aspiration, and excision. At present, only two methods are used: aspiration and excision. Antibiotics and computed tomographic (CT) scanning play important roles in the surgical treatment of a brain abscess. The use of CT scanning is invaluable in the management of brain abscess for early and exact localization, assessment of the adequacy of operation, and sequential follow-up.
Intramedullary Spinal Tuberculoma
Authors: Rhoton Eric L. , Ballinger William E. , Quisling Ronald , Sypert George W. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A case report of intramedullary spinal tuberculomas presenting as cervical myelopathy is described. The rarity of these lesions in North America make this case unique. The use of modern neurodiagnostic and microsurgical techniques as well as the use of postoperative antituberculous drugs resulted in a good outcome. The first known description of magnetic resonance imaging of intramedullary spinal tuberculomas is presented. The gross and microscopic appearances of the lesion are given.
Resolution of Syringomyelia and Chiari I Malformation by Ventriculoatrial Shunting in a Patient with Pseudotumor Cerebri and a Lumboperitoneal Shunt
Authors: Sullivan Lawrence P. , Stears John C. , Ringel Steven P. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A sneeze caused acute left arm pain in a 36-year-old woman with a lumboperitoneal (LP) shunt that had been placed 3 years earlier for relief of headaches caused by pseudotumor cerebri. Numbness progressed up the left arm, neck, and back of the head and finally into the left face along with weakness of the hand and arm. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography revealed new tonsillar herniation and a large eccentric syrinx extending from C2 to T6. The functioning LP shunt was clamped, and a ventriculoatrial shunt was placed. Pain lessened and motor function improved slightly. MRI revealed complete resolution of the syrinx and resolution of the tonsillar herniation. Theories of syringomyelia formation, the relationship to Chiari I malformation, and the implications of this case are discussed.
Hydrocephalus and Intraspinal Tumor
Authors: Zavala L. Manuel , Adler John R. , Greene Clarence S. , Winston Ken R. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Hydrocephalus with spinal subarachnoid obstruction is rare, and its cause is obscure. Two such patients are presented. The pathophysiology is reviewed. Spinal absorptive pathways for cerebrospinal fluid are postulated to play a critical role in such cases.
Detection of Shunt-induced Intracerebral Hemorrhage by Postoperative Skull Films: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Derdeyn Colin P. , Delashaw Johnny B. , Broaddus William C. , Jane John A. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The authors report two cases of large intracerebral hematomas complicating venticuloperitoneal shunting for normal pressure hydrocephalus. This potentially devastating consequence of shunting is rarely reported. In each case, an abnormal course of the ventricular catheter was evident on postoperative skull films.
Radiation-induced Meningiomas in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Moss S. David , Rockswold Gaylan L. , Chou Shelley N. , Yock Douglas , Berger Mitchel S. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Radiation-induced meningiomas rarely have latency periods short enough from the time of irradiation to the clinical presentation of the tumor to present in the pediatric patient. Three cases of radiation-induced intracranial meningiomas in pediatric patients are presented. The first involved a meningioma of the right frontal region in a 10-year-old boy 6 years after the resection and irradiation of a 4th ventricular medulloblastoma. Review of our pediatric tumor cases produced a second case of a left temporal fossa meningioma presenting in a 15-year-old boy with a history of irradiation for retinoblastoma at age 3 years and a third case of a right frontoparietal meningioma in a 15-year-old girl after irradiation for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Only three cases of meningiomas presenting in the pediatric age group after radiation therapy to the head were detected in our review of the literature.
Cerebellar Hemangioblastoma Symptomatic during Pregnancy
Authors: Kasarskis Edward J. , Tibbs Phillip A. , Lee Charles 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
An 18-year-old woman presented during the 2nd month of her pregnancy with noncommunicating hydrocephalus due to a cerebellar hemangioblastoma. The tumor rapidly enlarged over a 12-day period after ventriculoperitoneal shunting, probably because of expansion of the vascular compartment. Serial computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging observations support previous speculations in the literature that vascular engorgement of hemangioblastomas probably accounts for the rapid deterioration of some patients during pregnancy.
Altered Cerebral Autoregulation and CO2 Reactivity after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Dernbach Paul D. , Little John R. , Jones Stephen C. , Ebrahim Zeyd Y. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Disruption of local cortical blood flow (CBF) autoregulation and CO2 reactivity, or vasoparalysis, has been documented in humans after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Generally, the degree of vasoparalysis is related to the patient's clinical grade. Using intraoperative measurement of local CBF, we evaluated pressure autoregulation and CO2 reactivity in patients after SAH. Fourteen patients with SAH and 10 patients with asymptomatic aneurysm underwent craniotomy for clipping of their aneurysms. During operation, local CBF was recorded with thermal conductivity probes placed on the middle frontal gyrus, 4 to 6 cm from the nearest point of retraction. Before retractor placement, CBF was measured with the PCO2 at 25 and 35 mm Hg and the mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) between 70 and 80 mm Hg. After aneurysm clipping, flows were again measured. With the PCO2 at 25 mm Hg, the MABP was raised from 65 to 85 mm Hg. The PCO2 was then allowed to rise to 35 mm Hg, after which the MABP was lowered from 85 to 65 mm Hg. Six patients underwent operation within the 1st week after SAH (Grade I, n = 3; Grade II, n = 3). The remainder (n = 8) were operated on 9 days to 3 months after SAH. After aneurysm clipping, significant CBF changes (P &lt; 0.001) with PCO2 alteration occurred in control patients and those operated on more than 7 days after SAH. There was no significant change in CBF in patients operated on within 7 days after SAH. Changes in CBF reactivity to alteration of MABP were significantly larger in early operation patients than in other groups (P &lt; 0.008). Pressure autoregulation and CO2 reactivity are significantly disturbed in good grade patients after early operation.
Analysis of Cervical Spine Curvature in Patients with Cervical Spondylosis
Authors: Batzdorf Ulrich , Batzdorff Alfred 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Computer-aided design techniques were used to analyze the degree of spinal curvature shown on cervical spine radiograms of 28 patients. On films standardized as to size, a geometrical chord was constructed from the 2nd to the 7th cervical vertebrae (C2 to C7), and an arc was drawn along the posterior margin of the vertebrae. The resulting area was used as an index of curvature, and the spinal canal diameter was measured. Severity of myelopathy as well as clinical improvement was related to the geometrical data. There was no clear correlation between severity of the preoperative myelopathy and degree of curvature. Severe myelopathy was seen in association with straight, lordotic, and hyperlordotic spines. Neck pain was most severe in patients with reversed cervical curvature. The degree of curvature, however, seems to relate to the postoperative clinical outcome. Patients with relatively normal curvature showed the greatest improvement in symptoms and signs. Postoperative magnetic resonance scanning confirms that posterior migration of the spinal cord after laminectomy may be inadequate to clear osteophytes in patients with straightened or reversed curvature of the cervical spine. Spinal geometry should be considered in the selection of the best surgical procedure and the extent of laminectomy for patients with spondylotic myelopathy. Significant abnormalities of spinal curvature may account for some instances of poor outcome after laminectomy.
Improvement in Regional Cerebral Blood Flow and Cerebral Vasoreactivity after Extracranial-Intracranial Arterial Bypass
Authors: Batjer Hunt H. , Devous Michael D. , Purdy Phillip D. , Mickey Bruce , Bonte Frederick J. , Samson Duke 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Regional cerebral blood flow was measured with xenon-133 inhalation single photon emission computed tomography in a patient who developed a neurological deficit after carotid ligation. Hemispheric hypoperfusion was noted in resting studies and impaired vasoreactivity was suggested by lack of symmetrical flow augmentation after acetazolamide administration. Because of progressive neurological deterioration, an extracranial-intracranial bypass was performed. After prompt neurological improvement, repeat cerebral blood flow measurements at 1 and 9 weeks postoperatively confirmed improvement in resting flow and vasoreactivity. It is possible that decreased cerebrovascular reserve implied by measurements of vasoreactivity can identify patients who will benefit from surgical revascularization.
Tandem Bypass: Occipital Artery to Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Side-to-Side Anastomosis and Occipital Artery to Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery End-to-Side Anastomosis—a Case Report
Authors: Ausman James I. , Pearce Jeffrey E. , Vacca Dante F. , Diaz Fernando G. , Shrontz Carl E. , Patel Suresh 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A unique example of posterior fossa revascularization is presented. A tandem bypass was performed by anastomosing the midoccipital artery to the posterior inferior cerebellar artery in a side-to-side fashion followed by an anastomosis of the distal occipital artery to the anterior inferior cerebellar artery in an end-to-side fashion. The operation was designed to revascularize two separate vascular territories that were isolated in a patient thought to have an extremely compromised posterior circulation. The patient is doing well and is asymptomatic 3 years postoperatively.
Intrasphenoidal Encephalocele: Report of a Case
Authors: Abiko Seisho , Aoki Hideo , Fudaba Hiroyoshi 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The diagnosis of intrasphenoidal encephalocele may be difficult because of its rarity and its nonspecific signs and symptoms. The authors report a patient with intrasphenoidal encephalocele who was operated on by the transsphenoidal approach with a good result. They also review five reported cases, with discussion of their clinical characteristics and operative indications.
Orthodromic (Intra/Extracranial) Neurography to Monitor Facial Nerve Function Intraoperatively
Authors: Schmid U. D. , Sturzenegger M. , Ludin H. P. , Seiler R. W. , Reulen H. J. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
This report introduces the technique of orthodromic neurography for monitoring of facial nerve function during operation in the cerebellopontine angle. By stimulation of the intracisternal segment of the facial nerve, a compound nerve action potential with amplitudes of 15 to 480 μV can be recorded extracranially from the nerve near the stylomastoid foramen after 0.95 to 2.27 ms. Usually there is no need for signal averaging, and the method is independent of the effect of muscle relaxants. With the use of the same electrophysiological equipment as for evoked potential neuromonitoring, immediate and repeated localization of the facial nerve and its discrimination from the trigeminal and the lower cranial nerves during nerve preparation within the tumor capsule is possible.
The Adrenal Medullary Transplant Operation for Park in son's Disease : Clinical Observations in Five Patients
Authors: Penn Richard D. , Goetz Christopher G. , Tanner Caroline M. , klawans Harold L. , Shannon Kathleen M. , Cornelia Cynthia L. , Witt Thomas R. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

The recent report by Madrazo and coworkers on the successful treatment of Parkinson's disease using adrenal meduilary tissue transplanted to the caudate nucleus has aroused international interest in the procedure. The present article reports our initial experiences with the operation in five patients and discusses the postoperative effects of the procedure, the protocol used to monitor motor performance, and the need for cooperation with the two registries that have been created to follow morbidity, mortality, and efficacy. We intend to alert the neurosurgeon to important side effects, but not to assess the long term efficacy of the procedure. Postoperatively, a number of transient effects were seen in our patients, the most striking being somnolence, delusions, and lack of significant pain in spite of a large abdominal incision. The only complications have been respiratory. After the early postoperative period, gradual improvement of on-off times and Schwab-England disability scores was seen over 20 weeks. Long term cooperative studies are needed to demonstrate the efficacy of this procedure. Neurosurgeons doing transplant operations are urged to join the registries so that uniform information can be collected.
Anterior Cervical Fusion with the Caspar Instrumentation System
Authors: Tippets Richard H. , Apfelbaum Ronald I. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Twenty-eight patients with a variety of cervical spine abnormalities underwent anterior cervical spine stabilization with the Caspar osteosynthetic plate/intervertebral body bone graft technique. The available hardware and operative technique are presented, and case reports illustrate clinical applications. Complications and results of the series are presented. A brief discussion of applicable biomechanical principles and of technical pitfalls leading to potential fusion failures and a review of experience and developments in cervical plating techniques are included.
Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis Presenting with Thoracic Outlet Syndrome and Dysphagia
Authors: Kritzer Randy O. , Rose Janies E. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

A case of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) presenting with thoracic outlet syndrome and dysphagia is reported. Although extraspinal manifestations have been reported in these patients, thoracic outlet syndrome, particularly the anatomical anomaly found at operation, is previously unreported in patients with DISH. In addition to discussing DISH and thoracic outlet syndrome, we readvocate the anterior approach for 1st rib resection that was introduced in 1967 by Gol and associates. The direct visualization offered by this approach allowed us to avoid a potential injury to the brachial plexus that may have occurred had the transaxillary approach been used.
Histiocytosis-X: A Rare Cause of Radiculopathy
Authors: Padovani Roberto , Cavallo Michele , Tonelli Maria Pia , Poletti Venerino , Ferracini Romano 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

A rare case of histiocytosis-X of the spine is presented. The clinical and histological features of histiocytosis-X are reviewed. Complete neurological recovery was exhibited by the patient after surgical treatment and radiotherapy. The literature dealing with the eight cases previously reported is reviewed.
Dural Arteriovenous Malformations and Papilledema
Authors: Gelwan Mark J. , Choi In Sup , Berenstein Alejandro , Pile-Spellman John M. D. , Kupersmith Mark J. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

We examined and managed two patients with posterior fossa dural arteriovenous malformations (DAVMs) and papilledema. Both DAVMs had venous drainage into the transverse, straight, and sigmoid dural venous sinuses. The mechanism of papilledema in the first case was presumed venous hypertension resulting in impaired cerebrospinal fluid absorption, as the malformation drained into the single transverse sinus. This was cured by selective arterial embolization of the causative DAVM. The second patient had venous sinus thrombosis that impaired venous drainage despite embolization. A lumboperitoneal shunt was necessary to treat the elevated intracranial pressure.
Palinacousis: A Case Report
Authors: Patterson M. C. , Tomlinson F. H. , Stuart G. G. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Palinacousis (auditory perseveration) is a rarely reported symptom of temporal lobe dysfunction. We describe a new case. A 50-year-old woman presented with nausea, vomiting, and global dysphasia, followed by two generalized seizures. Examination was otherwise normal, and computed tomography showed a small area of enhancement near the left sylvian fissure; there was a left temporal focus on the electroencephalogram. Treatment with phenytoin was instituted, and speech improved, with residual fluent dysphasia. Three days postictally, the patient complained of “echoing voices” in her right ear. Words or fragments of sentences recently uttered by the patient or others were perceived to recur unaltered for minutes to hours. Sounds other than speech were also affected. One week later the voices had disappeared, but a ticking sound was present; this also faded subsequently. The palinacousis never recurred; the patient was later found to have a Grade IV astrocytoma of the left temporal lobe, which caused her demise 8 months later. The features of this case are similar to those previously reported and favor an epileptic etiology. Palinacousis should be recognized as a sign of organic temporal lobe disease and not confused with manifestations of psychotic illness.
Malignant Growth Hormone-secreting Pituitary Adenoma with Hematogenous Dural Metastasis: Case Report
Authors: Asai Akio , Matsutani Masao , Funada Nobuaki , Takakura Kintomo 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

A rare case of growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma with hematogenous metastasis to the dura mater of the cerebral convexity is presented. Immunohistological staining was essential to the diagnosis. The histological findings demonstrated that the metastasis was blood-borne. Extensive removal of the tumor and postoperative chemotherapy resulted in partial remission. The mechanism of metastasis, the histological findings, the treatment, and the prognosis are discussed.
Chondroblastoma of the Temporal Bone
Authors: Blaauw Gerhard , Prick Jan J.W. , Versteege Cees 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

A chondroblastoma within the temporal bone in a 16-year-old boy is reported. The tumor recurred after intracapsular resection and curettage. After reoperation, radiotherapy was performed. The data from 137 cases of chondroblastoma are summarized.