bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of floristical and environmental gradients in the longitudinal profile of the Loire (France). The use of riparian plant species for a biotypological river‐zone classification
Authors: Wisskirchen R. , Kisteneich S. , Krause S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe composition of riverbank vegetation at the French Loire was sampled in regular intervals along the longitudinal river profile. Distribution and abundance if 58 selected species of the willow and poplar woodlands, reed beds and adjacent therophyte communities are described from source to estuary.The longitudinal profile of the Loire can be divided by key species groups into four floristically and ecologically defined sections. Their boundaries mainly fall together with changes of water regime characteristics.The connections between species arrangement and major environmental factors (soil and water parameters) are investigated exemplarily for Therophyte communities colonizing riverbanks. The change of species composition (mathematically expressed as “floristic change index”) along the river shows a highly significant monotounous trend and is correlated with changes of pH and electrical conductivity of the soil.
Petiver's Gazophylacii and the identity ofDorotheanthus gramineus(HAW.) SCHWANTES (Aizoaceae)
Authors: Struck M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA re‐examination of the holotype ofD. gramineus(HAW.) SCHWANTES in PETIVER's Gazophylacii established that this name has traditionally been misapplied. PETIVER's figure portrays a grassy annual with petals being shorter than the calyx lobes which clearly identify it as being conspecific with–and a younger synonym of –D. apetalus(L. f.) N. E. BR. The oldest name available to be accepted under the ICBN for the species hitherto misidentified as“D. gramineus”isMesembryanthemum clavatumHAW. which was likewise founded on a drawing in PETIVER's Gaz. The necessary new combinationD. clavatus(HAW.) STRUCK is published here.
Surface sculpturing ofAlstonia booneiiDE WILD. andA. congensisENGL. (Apocynaceae) and its importance on their taxonomy
Authors: Jayeola A. A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSEM examination of the lower epidermis of mature leaves of the two species ofAlstoniaR. BR. (Apocynaceae) in Nigeria has provided constant characters potentially useful for their identification. The patterns of epicuticular sculpturing inA. booneiiDE WILD. andA. congensisENGL. differ in the size and density of knots, length of internodes, exposure or concealment of stomata, all knitted intricately to suggest their possible influence on wind speed, water loss and habit selection.
Ottleya, a new genus of Papilionaceae — Loteae from North America
Authors: Sokoloff D. D. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA new genus, Ottleya gen. nov., is described from North America. The genus Ottleya corresponds to Lotus group Simpeteria of ISELY's (1981) classification and comprises 12 species: O. argyraea comb, nov., O. flexuosa comb. nov., O. grandiflora comb. nov., O. greenei comb. nov., O. intricata comb. nov., O. mearnsii comb. nov., O. nivea comb. nov., O. oroboides comb. nov., O. rigida comb. nov., O. strigosa comb, nov., O. utahensis comb. nov. and O. wrightii comb. nov. restricted to SW part of the USA, N and Central Mexico.
The taxonomy of Fagus in western Eurasia. 2: Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica
Authors: Denk Th. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe European beech (Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica) is known to be tremendously variable both morphologically and genetically. By undertaking field studies and morphometrical analyses a number of recurrent morphological features turned out to cause this variability. These are mostly reactions of the genus to environmental conditions as to be found, e.g. in dry and warm sites or in humid gorges etc throughout the whole range of Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica. Morphotypes in Italy, the former Yugoslavia, Hungary and Bulgaria, which were described by CZECZOTT (1933) as Fagus moesiaca, are well within the morphological range of Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica and should be included in Fagus sylvatica s. str. Morphoclinal transitions can be observed in a WE direction, along a vertical belt and to a smaller extent in a NS direction. Only in the easternmost Bulgaria do hybrids with the Oriental beech (Fagus sylvatica subsp. orientalis) occur. Scattered populations of transitional forms, however, extend to North Greece, Central and SW Europe.Basically, European beech populations are more homogeneous than those occurring from Turkey to Iran. This might be explained by fewer and smaller refugia during the Pleistocene period as well as by the late initiation of postglacial recolonization in Europe.
A synopsis of the genusAtriplexL. (Chenopodiaceae) in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al‐Turki T. A. , Omer S. , Ghafoor A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe genusAtriplexL. is revised from Saudi Arabia. In all 10 species are reported, out of which seven are native(Atriplex coriacea, A. dimorphostegia, A. farinosa, A glauca, A. halimus, A. leucocladaandA. tatarica), and three are introduced and cultivated/naturalised(A. canescens, A. semibaccataandA. suberecta). The study has introduced the presences of following new taxa:Atriplex dimorphostegiaf.collenetteaAl‐Turki, Omer & A. Ghafoor f. nova, andAtriplex leucocladavar.mandavilleaAl‐Turki, Omer & A.Ghafoor var. nova. Status and history of genera segregated fromAtriplexhas been discussed. A key for identification of taxa recognized and their descriptions are given; notes on nomenclature, variation pattern, ecology, distribution maps, local names and uses are provided. A list of introduced and cultivated species is appended.
A combined top‐down and bottom‐up MS approach for the characterization of hemoglobin variants in Rhesus monkeys
Authors: Hüttenhain Ruth , Hess Sonja 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSickle cell disease is caused by one of the 1200 known hemoglobin variations. A single‐point mutation β6(A3)Glu→Val leads to sickling of red blood cells, which in turn causes a lack of oxygen supply to tissue and organs. Although sickle cell disease is well understood, treatment options are currently underdeveloped. The only Food and Drug Administration‐approved drug is hydroxyurea, an inducer of fetal γ‐hemoglobin, which is known to have a higher oxygen affinity than adult hemoglobins and thus alleviates symptoms. In the search for better cures, Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) serve as models for monitoring success of induction of fetal γ‐hemoglobins and with recent advances in proteomics, MS has become the leading technique to determine globin expression. Similar to humans, Rhesus monkeys possess hemoglobin variants that have not been sufficiently characterized to initiate such a study. Therefore, we developed a combined bottom‐up and top‐down approach to identify and characterize novel hemoglobin variants of the umbilical cord blood of Rhesus monkeys. A total of four different variants were studied: α, β, γ1 and γ2. A new α‐ and β‐hemoglobin variant was identified, and the two previously hypothesized γ‐hemoglobins were identified. In addition, glutathionylation of both γ‐hemoglobin variants at their cysteines has been characterized. The combined approach outperformed either bottom‐up or top‐down alone and can be used for characterization of unknown hemoglobin variants and their PTMs.
Poor outcome following aborted orthotopic liver transplantation due to severe porto‐pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Fukazawa Kyota , Pretto Ernesto A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground/purposeThe diagnosis of porto‐pulmonary hypertension (PPHN) in patients with end‐stage liver disease at the time of surgery is not an uncommon occurrence. The decision to proceed with orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in patients with severe PPHN is associated with high perioperative mortality. We sought to determine the progression of PPHN and patient outcome following aborted OLT.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 2150 OLT cases was performed.ResultsThe analysis revealed that six cases (0.3%) were cancelled due to severe PPHN at the time of surgery. The progression to severe PPHN occurred on median over a period of 82 days (range 10–229 days). Following aborted OLT, three patients (50%) expired shortly after.ConclusionsCancellation of OLT due to severe pulmonary hypertension was also associated with high mortality. Moreover, this preliminary study reveals that once diagnosed, PPHN can progress to a more severe form over a short period of time. Therefore, we recommend more frequent monitoring of PPHN in this population of patients.
The distance of tumor spread in the main pancreatic duct of an intraductal papillary‐mucinous neoplasm: where to resect and how to predict it
Authors: Okada Ken‐ichi , Imaizumi Toshihide , Hirabayashi Kenichi , Matsuyama Masahiro , Yazawa Naoki , Dowaki Shoichi , Tobita Kosuke , Ohtani Yasuo , Kawaguchi Yoshiaki , Tanaka Makiko , Inokuchi Sadaki , Makuuchi Hiroyasu 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe surgical decision regarding where to resect the pancreas is an important judgement that is directly linked to the surgical procedure. An appropriate surgical margin to resect intraductal papillary‐mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas based on the distance of tumor spread (DTS) in the main pancreatic duct has not been adequately documented. We analyzed the appropriate surgical margin based on the DTS in the main pancreatic duct of IPMN and the positive rate at the pancreatic cut end margin.MethodsForty patients with main duct‐ or mixed‐type IPMN diagnosed histopathologically who underwent surgery at Tokai University Hospital between 1991 and 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. The resection line was determined to achieve a 2‐cm surgical margin in patients with main duct‐ or mixed‐type IPMN and as limited a resection as possible to remove the dilated branch duct in patients with branch duct‐type IPMN according to macroscopic type. The dysplastic state of the epithelium was judged as positive for carcinoma in situ (high‐grade dysplasia) or adenoma (very low to moderate dysplasia) and judged as negative for hyperplasia or normal.ResultsThe mean DTS in the main pancreatic duct was 41.6 ± 30.0 mm, and that of the distance of tumor absence was 13.6 ± 12.4 mm. The positive rate at the pancreatic cut end margin in frozen sections was 29.7%. The final positive rate at the pancreatic cut end margin was 26.2%. There has been no evidence of local recurrence in the remnant pancreas. DTS in the main pancreatic duct of IPMN was correlated with the maximum diameter of the duct (R = 0.678).ConclusionDistance of tumor spread offered important insights about the appropriate site to resect the pancreas and the positive rate at the cut end margin in IPMN.
Organic–Inorganic Coatings Based on Epoxidised Castor Oil/APTES/TEOS
Authors: Becchi Denize Maria , de Luca Maria Augusta , Martinelli Márcia , Mitidieri Sydnei 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTwo series of organic–inorganic hybrid films were prepared from epoxidised castor oil (ECO) and the inorganic precursor 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), and the combination of APTES with tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) with different organic to inorganic proportions. Films were pre‐cured at room temperature under inert atmosphere and subsequently submitted to thermal curing. The macro‐ and microscopic properties of the films, including adhesion, hardness, microstructure and thermal properties, were determined as a function of the proportion of ECO to inorganic precursors. Morphologic studies showed that the hybrid films were microscopically homogeneous. The hardness and tensile strength of the films increased with increased concentrations of inorganic precursor. All of the films exhibited good adhesion to an aluminium surface and worked as an efficient barrier against corrosion.
Analysis of Lard's Aroma by an Electronic Nose for Rapid Halal Authentication
Authors: Nurjuliana M. , Che Man Y. B. , Mat Hashim D. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAn electronic nose was successfully used to detect and discriminate lard from other types of animal body fats and samples containing lard. The results are presented in the form of VaporPrint™, the image of the polar plot of the odor amplitudes from the surface acoustic wave (SAW) detector frequency. In the VaporPrint™, the radial angles representing the sensor provides individual fingerprints of the aroma of different animal body fats. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to interpret the data and it provided a good grouping of samples, with 61% of the variation accounted for by PC 1 and 29% accounted for by PC 2. All of the lard‐containing samples formed a separate group from the samples that were free from lard. This method can be developed into a rapid method for detecting the presence of lard in food samples for Halal authentication.
Two novel mutations of SCN9A (Nav1.7) are associated with partial congenital insensitivity to pain
Authors: Staudl Roland , Pricel Donald D. , Janickel David , Andradel Edgard , Hadjipanayisl Angela G. , Eatonl Will T. , Kaplanl Lee , Wallacel Margaret R. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractInsensitivity to pain is a rare disorder that is commonly associated with Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies (HSAN I—V) resulting often in autonomic dysfunction and premature death. Very few individuals have been reported with pain insensitivity lacking such autonomic neuropathies. We performed genetic, neurologic, psychological, and psychophysical evaluations in such an individual (OMIM 243000) and her first degree relatives. Sequence analysis of genomic DNA revealed two novel SCN9A mutations in this index case (IC). One was a non‐conservative missense mutation (C1719R) in exon 26 present only in the IC and one parent. Further sequence analysis of the chilD's DNA revealed a 1‐bp splice donor deletion in intron 17 which was also present in the other parent and one sibling. Detailed psychophysical testing was used to phenotypically characterize the IC, her family members, and 10 matched normal controls. Similar to family members and controls the IC showed normal somatosensory functioning for non‐nociceptive mechanoreception and warmth. However, she demonstrated diminished ability to detect cool temperatures combined with profound deficits in heat and mechanical nociception. Congenital insensitivity to pain in our IC was associated with two novel SCN9A mutations which most likely resulted in a Nav1.7 channelopathy. However, in contrast to individuals with other SCN9A mutations, the observed pain insensitivity was relative and not absolute, which may be consistent with hypomorphic effects of one or both mutations. The ability to sense at least some danger signals may be advantageous and ameliorate the otherwise increased morbidity and mortality of some individuals with congenital insensitivity to pain.
Vegetation development in the Middle Euphrates and Upper Jazirah (Syria/Turkey) during the Bronze Age
Authors: Deckers Katleen , Pessin Hugues 
Published: August 2010

AbstractVegetation changes are reconstructed based on more than 51,000 charcoal fragments of more than 380 samples from nine Bronze Age sites in northern Syria and southern Turkey. In addition to fragment proportions, special attention was paid to the frequency of Pistacia relative to Quercus and Populus/Salix relative to Tamarix, fruit-tree ubiquity, and riverine diversity in order to gain an improved understanding of the human versus climatic impact on the vegetation. The results indicate that human impacts first took place within the riverine forest. This phase was followed by land clearing within the woodland steppe, especially in the northern portion of the study area. In the south near Emar, the woodland steppe probably disappeared by the Late Bronze Age. It is uncertain whether this was caused by aridification and/or human clearing. The northward shift of the Pistacia-woodland steppe is very likely a result of climatic drying that occurred throughout the entire period under investigation. Although increased deforestation is evident through time, the small proportions of imported wood indicate that local resources were still available.
Testing the Landscape Reconstruction Algorithm for spatially explicit reconstruction of vegetation in northern Michigan and Wisconsin
Authors: Sugita Shinya , Parshall Tim , Calcote Randy , Walker Karen 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe Landscape Reconstruction Algorithm (LRA) overcomes some of the fundamental problems in pollen analysis for quantitative reconstruction of vegetation. LRA first uses the REVEALS model to estimate regional vegetation using pollen data from large sites and then the LOVE model to estimate vegetation composition within the relevant source area of pollen (RSAP) at small sites by subtracting the background pollen estimated from the regional vegetation composition. This study tests LRA using training data from forest hollows in northern Michigan (35 sites) and northwestern Wisconsin (43 sites). In northern Michigan, surface pollen from 152-ha and 332-ha lakes is used for REVEALS. Because of the lack of pollen data from large lakes in northwestern Wisconsin, we use pollen from 21 hollows randomly selected from the 43 sites for REVEALS. RSAP indirectly estimated by LRA is comparable to the expected value in each region. A regression analysis and permutation test validate that the LRA-based vegetation reconstruction is significantly more accurate than pollen percentages alone in both regions. Even though the site selection in northwestern Wisconsin is not ideal, the results are robust. The LRA is a significant step forward in quantitative reconstruction of vegetation.
Stimulation of ribosomal frameshifting by antisense LNA
Authors: Yu Chien-Hung , Noteborn Mathieu H. M. , Olsthoorn René C. L. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Programmed ribosomal frameshifting is a translational recoding mechanism commonly used by RNA viruses to express two or more proteins from a single mRNA at a fixed ratio. An essential element in this process is the presence of an RNA secondary structure, such as a pseudoknot or a hairpin, located downstream of the slippery sequence. Here, we have tested the efficiency of RNA oligonucleotides annealing downstream of the slippery sequence to induce frameshifting in vitro. Maximal frameshifting was observed with oligonucleotides of 12–18 nt. Antisense oligonucleotides bearing locked nucleid acid (LNA) modifications also proved to be efficient frameshift-stimulators in contrast to DNA oligonucleotides. The number, sequence and location of LNA bases in an otherwise DNA oligonucleotide have to be carefully manipulated to obtain optimal levels of frameshifting. Our data favor a model in which RNA stability at the entrance of the ribosomal tunnel is the major determinant of stimulating slippage rather than a specific three-dimensional structure of the stimulating RNA element.
First Report of Fusarium Wilt Caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. basilici on Ocimum minimum in Portugal
Authors: Felgueiras M. , Dias A. , Chicau G. , Berbegal M. , León M. , Armengol J. 
Published: August 2010

Ocimum minimum L. (fine-leaved basil) is cultivated along the Douro Litoral Region in Portugal. In June 2009, a disease was observed in fine-leaved basil fields in three geographically separated locations: Maia, Rio Tinto, and São Mamede Infesta. Affected plants showed wilt symptoms, chlorotic leaves, and stem necrosis. Discolored vascular tissue was observed when the stems were cut longitudinally. For isolation, crown and stem sections (10 cm long) were surface disinfected for 1 min in 1.5% NaOCl and washed twice with sterile distilled water. The sections were cut longitudinally and small pieces of discolored vascular tissue were plated onto potato dextrose agar (PDA) amended with streptomycin sulfate (0.5 g liter–1). Plates were incubated at 25°C in the dark. Fusarium colonies were consistently isolated from symptomatic plants sampled from the three different locations and transferred to PDA and Spezieller Nährstoffarmer agar (SNA) culture media for morphological species identification (2). After 10 days of incubation at 25°C, all isolates were identified as F. oxysporum. A PCR-based assay was conducted with nine single-spored isolates (F2, F3, F4, F7, F8, F9, F10, F11, and F13) using the F. oxysporum f. sp. basilici specific primer pair, Bik 1 and Bik 2 (1). A single DNA fragment of 382 bp was amplified in all isolates, which confirmed the identification of F. oxysporum f. sp. basilici. Pathogenicity of all nine isolates was determined on 2-month-old fine-leaved basil seedlings growing in sterile peat moss. Plants were inoculated by watering the roots with 20 ml of a conidial suspension (106 conidia ml–1) harvested from 3-week-old cultures grown on PDA. Thirty-six replicates (each one in individual pots) for each isolate were used, with an equal number of control plants. Plants were maintained in a greenhouse at 15 to 20°C. Within 2 weeks of inoculation, all inoculated plants wilted and exhibited severe leaf and stem necrosis. The fungus was reisolated from vascular tissues of the crown area and the stems of symptomatic seedlings, fulfilling Koch's postulates. Control plants remained healthy. To our knowledge, this is the first report of F. oxysporum f. sp. basilici infecting fine-leaved basil in Portugal. References: (1) A. Chiocchetti et al. Plant Dis. 85:607, 2001. (2) J. F. Leslie et al. The Fusarium Laboratory Manual. Blackwell Publishing, Ames, IA, 2006.
First Report of Puccinia kuehnii, Causal Agent of Orange Rust of Sugarcane, in Brazil
Authors: Barbasso D. , Jordão H. , Maccheroni W. , Boldini J. , Bressiani J. , Sanguino A. 
Published: August 2010

In December 2009, on a farm located near the city of Rincão, state of São Paulo, Brazil, uredinial leaf lesions typical of a rust disease were observed to be affecting sugarcane (a complex Saccharum L. hybrid). Lesions were observed in a nursery plot of a precommercial cultivar (cv. Centauro) known to be resistant to brown rust caused by Puccinia melanocephala Syd. & P. Syd. Leaf samples, inspected under a light microscope, revealed spores identical morphologically to those described for the fungus P. kuehnii E.J. Butler, causal agent of sugarcane orange rust (1,3). Telia and teliospores were not observed. The Ministry of Agriculture was notified on 7 December 2009 in accordance with current Brazilian quarantine legislation. On 9 December, a specialized team from the Federal Phytosanitary Defense Department (DSV/MAPA) started a survey at the farm, collected leaf samples for additional analyses, and confirmed the presence of P. kuehnii E.J. Butler in Brazilian territory. During the following weeks, the disease was observed in several sugarcane-growing areas of the southern states of São Paulo and Paraná. It affected a small proportion of clones under selection in several breeding programs and the commercial cultivars SP89-1115, RB72454, and SP84-2025, which are now considered to be highly susceptible to the disease and currently cover less than 10% of the country's commercial sugarcane area. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. kuehnii infecting sugarcane in Brazil, the largest world producer with more than 8 million ha of this crop. Orange rust is expected to expand to other important Brazilian sugarcane-producing areas, including the northeastern states and a new sugarcane expansion area in the central part of Brazil. The disease is widespread in the Asia-Pacific Region, caused a major epidemic in Australia in 2000, and was reported in the Western Hemisphere in 2007–2008 in several countries in North (1,2) and Central America (2,3) prior to this detection in South America. References: (1) J. C. Comstock et al. Plant Dis. 92:175, 2008. (2) R. C. Flores et al. Plant Dis. 93:1347, 2009. (3) W. Ovalle et al. Plant Dis. 92:973, 2008.