bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study protocol for paradigm shift in vascular access creation: The VAC study
Authors: Guocun Hou , Lanhua Mi , Fan Bian , Dongping Chen , Guangqi Chang , Jilin Chen , Xiaojuan Cheng , Jian Feng , Xueqiang Fan , Jianqiang He , Qiang He , Jian Huang , Hua Jiang , Bin Liu , Dan Liao , Chuan Li , Zongyang Liu , Mingxi Lu , Xiuyong Li , Chenquan Tang , Siwen Wang , Pei Wang , Liyun Xu , Kang Xun , Xiaowen Ye , Fei Yin , Liang Yuan , Zhiming Ye , Lihong Zhang , Lingfeng Zhao , Shen Zhan , Yaling Zhang , Yaxue Shi 
Published: February 2025

Background: The radial artery deviation and reimplantation (RADAR) technique uses an artery-to-vein (end-to-side) configuration. We have developed a modified RADAR (M-RADAR) technique. This new technique enables a side-to-side anastomosis between the vessels, and furthermore, the distal cephalic vein is ligated. The VAC Study (Paradigm Shift in Vascular Access Creation) is a multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing the clinical outcomes of radiocephalic fistula created using the conventional technique (CT group) versus the modified RADAR method (M-RADAR group). Methods: Prospective, multicenter, randomized study starting in December 2024. Participant recruitment has commenced. All data are collected via paper-based Case Report Forms (CRFs). The primary clinical endpoints include the 1-year primary patency rate of AVF and the incidence of venous juxta-anastomotic stenosis. Secondary endpoints include the 1-year access-assisted primary patency, access cumulative patency, hospitalization rates, mortality, and an analysis of the economic costs associated with maintaining vascular access. An estimated 408 participants will be recruited from approximately 29 dialysis units across China. Discussion: A high-quality, adequately powered multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT) is still needed to provide clear guidance for clinicians on selecting optimal treatment strategies for the cephalic vein during AVF surgery. Trial registration: Registration number: ChiCTR2400093537, Registered on 2024–12–06.
State-dependent functional network connectivity alterations in post-stroke dementia with subcortical lesions
Authors: Cai Huaying , Zhang Nan , Jiang Yun , Wu Qianwen , Ni Linhui , Han Guocan , Liaocheng Jiaao , Wu Dan , Zhao Zhiyong 
Published: February 2025

Background Recent studies have revealed disrupted dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) in stroke or dementia brains. However, it remains unclear how the dFNC was altered in post-stroke dementia (PSD). Objective This study aimed to explore PSD-specific alterations in the dFNC and their association with clinical assessments. Methods We included 19 normal controls (NC), 16 PSD, and 20 post-stroke non-dementia (PSND) patients who underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. Independent component analysis, combined with a sliding-window approach, was employed to calculate dFNC. The cognitive performance was assessed by both Mini-Mental State Examination and MiniCog assessments, which were subsequently used for multiple regression analysis to investigate the relationships with dFNC. Results We identified 13 meaningful resting-state networks, and the dFNC among them derived four states exhibiting different connection patterns. In state III with strong connections within high-order networks, PSD and PSND both showed increased connectivity between visual network (VN) and high-order networks relative to NC; in state I with weak connections among all networks, PSD showed weaker connectivity between default mode network (DMN) and executive control network and between VN and DMN compared to PSND. Moreover, the dFNC measures showed significant correlations with cognitive assessments of patients. Conclusions Our findings suggest that PSD-specific functional network connectivity (FNC) alterations are state-dependent, and dFNC reveals a coexistence mechanism of functional impairment and compensation in large-scale brain networks, which is not observed in static FNC. This offers a new perspective to understand the neural mechanisms of PSD.
The Causal Role of Esophageal Cancer and Gut Microbiota: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Su Wei , Chen Han , Hu Die , Ye Bixing , Zhang Weifeng , Zhang Guoxin , Si Xinmin , Zhou Xiaoying 
Published: February 2025

Aims Gut microbiota are reported to be associated with the incidence and prognosis of Esophageal cancer (EC) but their genetic association is unclear. We carried out a bidirectional MR analysis to assess the causal relationship between EC and gut microbiota from fecal samples. Methods The microbiome genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data of 18,340 individuals provided by MiBioGen consortium and the EC GWAS data (740 esophageal cancers cases and 372 016 controls) provided by UK Biobank were respectively utilized as exposure and/or outcome data. Reliable single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were obtained after rigorous screening. A bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. The sensitivity analyses including the MR-Egger method, weighted median, weighed mode and leave-one-out method were performed to examine the stability, heterogeneity and pleiotropy of the results. Results Forward MR analysis revealed the increase in abundance of the microbial trait by each standard deviation was associated with a higher risk of EC ( Coprobacter (OR = 1.001,95%CI = 1.000-1.002, P = .0281, FDR = 0.0424); Ruminococcus1(OR = 1.001,95%CI = 1.000-1.002, P = .0318, FDR = 0.0424); Senegalimassilia (OR = 1.002,95%CI = 1.000-1.003, P = .0062, FDR = 0.0372); Veillonella (OR = 1.001,95%CI = 1.000-1.002, P = .0182, FDR = 0.0372)) or a lower risk of EC ( Eubacterium oxidoreducens (OR = 0.999, 95%CI = 0.998-1.000, P = .0379, FDR = 00 433); Lachnospira (OR = 0.998,95%CI = 0.996-1.000, P = .0186, FDR = 0.0372); Romboutsia (OR = 0.999,95%CI = 0.998-1.000, P = .0482, FDR = 0.0482); Turicibacter (OR = 0.999,95%CI = 0.998-1.000, P = .0133, FDR = 0.0372)). Reverse MR analysis showed that genetic liability to EC was also causally linked toincreased susceptibility of changes in the gut microbiome (genera Eggerthella (Beta = 37.63,95%CI = 4.76-70.50, P = .0248, FDR = 0.0331); Coprococcus 2 (Beta = 23.90,95%CI = 1.65-46.15, P = .0353, FDR = 0.0353); Christensenellaceae R.7 (Beta = 22.75,95%CI = 4.22-41.28, P = .0161, FDR = 0.0322); Intestinimonas (Beta = −33.24,95%CI = −54.90-11.58, P = .0026, FDR = 0.0104)). Conclusions Our findings supported a bidirectionally causal relationship between gut microbiota and EC, implying the potential role of gut microbiota in preventing the occurrence and development of EC.
Action research for patient safety improvement in pediatric emergency department
Authors: Ghabousi Parsa , Borimnejad Leili , Gorji Hassan Abolghasem , Moayedfard Ahmad , Nejadsalarie Mina , Jafarnejad Shabahang , Rezai Mahdi , Pourasghari Hamid , Qane Samira , Khoshnezhad Ebrahimi Hamidreza 
Published: February 2025

Background Patient safety is defined as the absence of preventable patient harm. Despite significant advances, enhancing the safety of pediatric patients is of particular importance. Thus, this study aimed to diagnose the current situation of patient safety and plan, implement, and evaluate patient safety initiatives in the emergency department (ED) of Ali Asghar Pediatrics Hospital. Methods Two action research cycles were conducted during 2023–2024 in the ED of Ali Asghar Hospital. Participants were nurses, physicians, and medical residents. In the first cycle, actions such as providing equipment and training in patient safety were carried out. In the second cycle, handoff standardization by I-PASS and continuing staff training were implemented. Data were collected using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC), semi-structured interviews, and incident reports. Quantitative data were analyzed using the T-Test, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. Results In the first cycle, the patient safety culture score was 48.1%. After training sessions, the patient safety test score significantly increased from 65.5% to 87.83% ( P < .001). In the second cycle, according to interviewees’ opinion, handoffs and in-service training were improved. The patient safety culture score increased to 62.6%, and overall patient safety perception, communication openness, staffing, handoff, and nonpunitive responses to errors significantly improved ( P < .05). Conclusion During this study, patient safety knowledge and culture among ED staff improved. Moreover, the standardization of handoff using the I-PASS tool improved the process by comprehensive information transfer, prioritizing critical patients, and reducing information loss.
A multi-centre, participant-blinded, randomized, 3-year study to compare the efficacy of Virtual Surgical Planning (VSP) to Freehand Surgery (FHS) on bony union and quality of life outcomes for mandibular reconstruction with fibular and scapular free flaps: study protocol for a randomized phase II/III trial
Authors: Tran Khanh Linh , Turkdogan Sena , Dinur Anat Bahat , Milner Thomas D. , Wang Edward , Nichols Anthony , MacNeil Danielle , Mendez Adrian , Jervis-Bardy Jake , De Almeida John , Yao Christopher , Goldstein David , Gilbert Ralph , Eskander Antoine , Higgins Kevin , Enepekides Danny , Gupta Michael , Zhang Han , Au Michael , Nguyen Sally , Fels Sidney , Hodgson Antony , Brasher Penelope , Mitton Craig , Sabiq Farahna , Fisher Charles , Yang David , Wong Angela , Garnis Cathie , Poh Catherine , Durham J. Scott , Prisman Eitan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Advanced head and neck malignancies with underlying bony involvement often require aggressive oncological resection of large segments of the oral cavity including the mandible. These patients require vascularized donor osseous free tissue transfer to reconstruct significant defects. Traditionally, the donor bone is harvested on its vascular supply and shaped to the defect in a free hand fashion (FHS). However, virtual surgical planning (VSP) has emerged as a method to optimize reconstructive outcomes and decrease operative time. The goals of this study are to assess superiority of VSP to FHS by comparing bony union rates at 12 months, short and long-term complication rates, reconstruction accuracy, quality of life (QOL), functional outcomes, and economic analysis.

Methods
This is a multicenter phase II/III study randomizing four hundred twenty head and neck patients undergoing mandibulectomy in a 1:1 ratio between VSP and FHS. Intention-to-treat analysis will be performed for patients enrolled but unable to undergo VSP-aided reconstruction. The primary endpoint is bony-union rates at 1 year post-operatively. Secondary outcomes include complication rates, QOL, functional outcomes, and economic burden.

Discussion
This study will provide an assessment of two different surgical approaches to the reconstructive methods of mandible defects using fibular or scapular free flaps on bony-union rates, complications, QOL and economics.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT05429099. Date of registration: June 23, 2022. Current version: 1.0 on March 6, 2024.
Expression and clinical significance of CCN5 and the oestrogen receptor in advanced breast cancer
Authors: Zhou Guofeng , Qu Wei , Yang Liu , Huang Aili , Gui Xinxing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and clinical implications of CCN family member 5 (CCN5) and the oestrogen receptor (ER) in advanced breast cancer (BC).

Methods
A total of 130 patients with advanced BC were selected for the study. Samples of normal breast tissue, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and invasive carcinoma were collected. The expression levels of CCN5 and ER in these tissues were examined using immunohistochemical methods. The correlation between expression of CCN5 and ER in different tissues and also differences in expression in invasive carcinoma were analysed. In addition, the relationship between CCN5 expression in advanced BC tissues and clinical pathological features was examined.

Results
CCN5 and ER had low expression in normal breast tissues and invasive carcinoma tissues, but high expression in DCIS, with this difference being statistically significant (X2 = 119.899, P < 0.001; X2 = 113.524, P < 0.001, respectively). The expression of CCN5 and ER in different tissues of patients with advanced BC showed a positive correlation. Significant differences were also observed in the positive and negative expression of CCN5 and ER (X2 = 56.358, P < 0.001). Moreover, the expression of CCN5 protein in advanced BC showed a statistically significant associations (P < 0.05) with the expression of the progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), Ki-67, and P53, tumor diameter, histological grade, lymph node metastasis, pathological molecular subtype, and clinical staging.

Conclusion
High expression of CCN5 and ER was observed in DCIS tissues of patients with advanced BC, with their expression being positively correlated. These findings suggest that CCN5 and ER may have a potential synergistic role in the progression of BC that influences the progression of advanced BC and can also be used to predict the effectiveness of endocrine therapy.
Occupational violence against nursing staff in the surgical wards of Murzuq locality hospitals, Libya (2024)
Authors: Rahama Eltagi Elsadeg Sulliman , Elmadani Mohammed , Mohammed Malak Mokhtar , Osman Eqrer Zainab Ali 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Occupational violence is a significant issue for nurses worldwide, impacting their well-being, job satisfaction, and patient care quality. This study investigated the prevalence, types, and effects of such violence on nursing staff in surgical wards in Murzuq locality hospitals, Libya, to inform effective prevention strategies.

Methods
This cross-sectional study examined occupational violence against nursing staff in surgical wards across three hospitals in Murzuq, Libya. Using a convenience sampling approach, data were collected from 50 nurses in general surgical and emergency surgical wards over four weeks through a self-administered questionnaire. The variables included demographic data (gender, experience) and information on violence types, sources, impacts, and reduction strategies. The data were analysed via SPSS v27, with descriptive statistics applied. For inferential statistics, the chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were conducted at a significance level of 0.05. Ethical approval was obtained from the academic research committee of Fezzan University, and informed consent was secured from all participants.

Results
Verbal insults (60%) and discrimination (64%) were the most reported types of violence. Patient companions (68%) were identified as the primary source, followed by patients (40%) and colleagues (28%). Occupational violence significantly impacted nurses’ lives, with 62% reporting stress, 48% experiencing decreased job satisfaction, and 28% considering leaving their jobs. Additionally, 40% reported difficulty concentrating due to violence. Significant associations were found between gender and sources of violence (p ≤ 0.001) and between years of experience and types, sources, and impacts of violence (p ≤ 0.001).

Conclusion
These findings underscore the need for gender-sensitive interventions, comprehensive training, and support mechanisms to address workplace violence. Future research should explore the long-term effects of violence on nursing staff and the effectiveness of tailored interventions in different healthcare settings. The results highlight the critical role of improving work conditions and organizational policies to enhance workplace safety for nurses.
Detection and genetic characterization of equine viruses in Sweden using viral metagenomics
Authors: Blomström Anne-Lie , Källse Annika , Riihimäki Miia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Viral infections pose a significant challenge to the equine population, compromising welfare and causing substantial economic losses for the global equine industry. While numerous equine viral pathogens have been identified, many suspected viral infections remain undiagnosed. This highlights the need for further identification and characterization of viruses circulating within the equine population.
In this study, we utilized viral metagenomics to investigate viruses present in serum samples and nasal swabs collected from horses in Sweden. The primary focus was on horses presenting with fever, although control horses were also included for comparison.

Result
The viral metagenomic analysis identified several viruses in the investigated samples. Among nasal swabs, the majority of the viral reads were classified as various equine herpesvirues (EHVs), mainly EHV-2 and EHV-5. Other viruses in nasal swabs include but are not limited to EHV-4, Torque teno equus virus 1 (TTeqV1) and equine copiparvovirus (eqCopV). Both TTeqV1 and eqCopV were also detected in the serum samples together with equine circovirus and equine pegivirus. A number of the detected viruses were further genetically characterized and were shown to display high sequence similarity to viruses from the US and/or China. qPCR screening of a selected number of the detected viruses revealed a rather low detection rate (1.6%–9.4%) in individual horses.

Conclusion
This study identified several viruses that circulate in the horse population in Sweden, some of which have not been previously detected in Sweden or Europe. Furthermore, the complete or nearly complete genomes of several of these viruses have been genetically characterized. These new data provide a valuable foundation for developing improved detection assays and conducting larger prevalence studies to assess the potential impact of these viruses on the equine population. Such efforts could ultimately contribute to enhanced equine welfare.
CANDI: a web server for predicting molecular targets and pathways of cannabis-based therapeutics
Authors: Ekambaram Srinivasan , Wang Jian , Dokholyan Nikolay V. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background

Cannabis sativa L. with a rich history of traditional medicinal use, has garnered significant attention in contemporary research for its potential therapeutic applications in various human diseases, including pain, inflammation, cancer, and osteoarthritis. However, the specific molecular targets and mechanisms underlying the synergistic effects of its diverse phytochemical constituents remain elusive. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted, effective cannabis-based therapies.

Methods
To investigate the molecular targets and pathways involved in the synergistic effects of cannabis compounds, we utilized DRIFT, a deep learning model that leverages attention-based neural networks to predict compound-target interactions. We considered both whole plant extracts and specific plant-based formulations. Predicted targets were then mapped to the Reactome pathway database to identify the biological processes affected. To facilitate the prediction of molecular targets and associated pathways for any user-specified cannabis formulation, we developed CANDI (Cannabis-derived compound Analysis and Network Discovery Interface), a web-based server. This platform offers a user-friendly interface for researchers and drug developers to explore the therapeutic potential of cannabis compounds.

Results
Our analysis using DRIFT and CANDI successfully identified numerous molecular targets of cannabis compounds, many of which are involved in pathways relevant to pain, inflammation, cancer, and other diseases. The CANDI server enables researchers to predict the molecular targets and affected pathways for any specific cannabis formulation, providing valuable insights for developing targeted therapies.

Conclusions
By combining computational approaches with knowledge of traditional cannabis use, we have developed the CANDI server, a tool that allows us to harness the therapeutic potential of cannabis compounds for the effective treatment of various disorders. By bridging traditional pharmaceutical development with cannabis-based medicine, we propose a novel approach for botanical-based treatment modalities.
Assessing Clinical Value of New Treatment Strategies: ESMO-MCBS and ASCO-VF Evaluation in Phase III Trials at ASCO Annual Meeting 2022
Authors: Seghers Sofie , Mandó Pablo , Eid Marc , Tan Charles J. , Jayraj Aarthi , Jatwani Karan , Faisal Muhammad Salman , Luong Vi , Young Joanna A. , Teuwen Laure-Anne , Prenen Hans , Segelov Eva 
Published: February 2025

PURPOSE
The European Society for Medical Oncology-Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale (ESMO-MCBS) and the ASCO Value Framework (ASCO-VF) are tools designed to assess the value of anticancer therapies. International conferences are the primary venues for sharing trial outcomes, often influencing clinical practices even before full publications are available. This analysis compares the ESMO-MCBS and ASCO-VF in evaluating the benefit of all phase III trials presented at the 2022 ASCO Annual Meeting (AM) and to examine the level of agreement between these scales.

METHODS
A systematic search of abstracts from the 2022 ASCO AM was conducted, focusing on phase III trial data presented. The clinical benefit of each abstract was assessed using both ESMO-MCBS and ASCO-VF, and Cohen's κ coefficients were calculated to analyze concordance between the tools.

RESULTS
Out of 239 phase III trial abstracts, 90 trials involving 49,721 patients met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 36 (40%) could not be graded by ESMO-MCBS, mainly because of nonsignificant results. Among the 54 gradable abstracts, 61.1% (n = 33) were deemed to provide substantial clinical benefit. ASCO-VF was unable to grade 40 (44.4%) abstracts, with nonsignificant results being the leading cause. Of the 50 gradable abstracts, 20% (n = 10) were considered to offer substantial clinical benefit. Moderate agreement between ESMO-MCBS and ASCO-VF was observed (Cohen's kappa, 0.4783 [95% CI, 0.3673 to 0.6034]). No significant association was found between clinical benefit and research funding or the economic status of the trial's origin country.

CONCLUSION
Both frameworks showed a high rate of nongradable studies, primarily because of nonsignificant results. ESMO-MCBS identified more studies with substantial clinical benefit, and the agreement between the two tools was moderate.
Experimental realizations of information engines: Beyond proof of concept
Authors: Goerlich Remi , Hoek Laura , Chor Omer , Rahav Saar , Roichman Yael 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Gathering information about a system enables greater control over it. This principle lies at the core of information engines, which use measurement-based feedback to rectify thermal noise and convert information into work. Originating from Maxwell's and Szilárd's thought experiments, the thermodynamics of information engines has steadily advanced, with recent experimental realizations pushing the field forward. Coupled with technological advances and developments in nonequilibrium thermodynamics, novel implementations of information engines continue to challenge theoretical understanding. In this perspective, we discuss recent progress and highlight new opportunities, such as applying information engines to active, many-body, and inertial systems and leveraging tools like optimal control to design their driving protocols.