bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is It Possible to Use the Speech-Evoked Auditory Brainstem Response Test During Sleep as It Is Used During Wakefulness?
Authors: Khoshkhou Ahmad , Shaabani Moslem , Bakhshi Enayatollah , Javanbakht Mohanna 
Published: May 2024

Background and Aim: It is important to know how much are the auditory electrophysi- ological tests affected by sleep and wakefulness to be employed in different situations. This problem is more important for the speech-evoked Auditory Brainstem Response (speech- ABR) test that is affected by higher-level processing. This study aimed to compare the results of the speech-ABR test between wakefulness and sleep states.
Methods: Sixteen young male adults (aged 20–28 years) with normal hearing participated in this study. The speech-ABR to the /da/ syllable was recorded during wakefulness and sleep. Electroencephalography (EEG) and behavioral tests (eyes position, body movements, etc.) were monitored during the test time to confirm the sleep state.
Results: The speech-ABR test parameters showed significant changes during sleep compared to wakefulness (latencies of waves V and A were longer and the amplitudes of waves V and A, the slope of V-A complex, and the spectral magnitude of F1 were lower). However, the spectral magnitude of higher frequencies was not significantly different. In addition, no significant statistical difference was observed in speech-ABR parameters between right and left ears.
Conclusion: Although the speech-ABR originates from brainstem centers, unlike conventional click-evoked ABR, it is affected by sleep as it is affected by the higher-level auditory processing functions. Although, further studies are needed. However, our study opens the way for many applied auditory studies about the possibility to use speech-ABR for auditory processing assessments in sleep state of different population groups, such as neonates.
Keywords: Auditory brainstem response; speech acoustics; sleep; electroencephalography
Elderly Satisfaction and Related Factors from the Physical Structure of Kashan Hospitals
Authors: Izadi-Avanji Fatemeh Sadat , Fotovati Azam , Taghaddosi Mohsen , Taghdisi Amene 
Published: May 2024

Background: Satisfaction of hospitalized elderly can indicate the success of health system in providing health care. The study aimed to determine the hospitalized elderly's satisfaction and related factors with the physical structure of hospitals affiliated to Kashan University of Medical Sciences, 2022.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 650 elderly admitted to hospitals in Kashan from 2022 to 2023. Sampling was the Convenience method. The developed researchers' valid and reliable questionnaires were used to collect data. Data were analyzed with Pearson's correlation coefficient, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and linear regression tests in SPSS version 16.
Results: The mean age of the elderly was 71.7 ± 6.2 years. The mean score of elderly satisfaction was 24.6 ± 3.8 points on a scale of 0 to 45. The increasing age of the elderly had a statistically significant with the elderly satisfaction with the structure of hospitals (r = -0.12, P = 0.003). Multiple regression showed that the hospital specialization (P > 0.001) or being general (P > 0.001), marital status (P = 0.001), having movement problems (P = 0.001), education level (P > 0.001) and type of insurance (P = 0.005) as predictor variables explains 36% of the variance of elderly people's satisfaction with the physical structure of hospitals.
Conclusion: The inappropriateness of the physical structure of hospitals causes dissatisfaction among the older adults. Hospital specialization, literacy level, marital status, movement problems, and insurance support are related to the hospitalized elderly’s satisfaction. It is necessary reforms the structure of hospitals to increase the satisfaction of older adults and prevent possible risks.
Treatment Management Challenges in Naïve and Experienced HIV-1-Infected Individuals Carrying the M184V Mutation
Authors: Mimtsoudis Iordanis , Tsachouridou Olga , Akinosoglou Karolina , Metallidis Symeon 
Published: May 2024

M184V is a single-base mutation in the YMDD domain of reverse transcriptase (RT). The M184V resistance-associated mutation is related to virological unresponsiveness to lamivudine (3TC) and emtricitabine (FTC) and induces high-level resistance to these two antiretroviral agents. M184V is rapidly selected in the setting of non-suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) and accumulates in the HIV reservoir. There were continuous efforts to evaluate the impact of M184V mutation on the treatment outcomes in people with HIV (PWH). Since lamivudine remains an extensively used part of recommended antiretroviral combinations, M184V is commonly detected in patients with virological failure. ART guidelines do not recommend the use of drugs impacted by resistance-associated mutations as they have been confirmed to comprise a risk factor for virological failure. However, previous authors suggest that 3TC/FTC can remain active even in the presence of M184V. Obtaining the viral resistance profile for each individual both treated or ART-naïve is a key challenge for lifelong treatment management.Given the potential benefits of lamivudine in the ART combinations, the investigation of M184V remains of high interest for clinicians and researchers. This is a review of literature for the challenges in treating both naïve and experienced individuals carrying the M184V resistance mutation, including virological failure, virological suppression, and resistance to ART.
Metal Expandable Packer Isolating Shallow Water Aquifers on a Middle East Appraisal Well
Authors: Hazel Paul , Arianna Sirugo , B.V. Eni , Wood Kevin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
During the planning phase of an offshore exploration well, Eni Abu Dhabi BV (Eni) had recognized the challenge of isolating shallow water aquifers across a 16″ drilled hole section, using a single stage 13-3/8″ cement sequence. Through a multi-team approach, a combination of first-stage cement, a Metal Expandable Packer (MEP) and a contingency second stage-cement operation was identified as a solution to positively seal the C annulus and prevent Sustained Casing Pressure (SCP).
The well was drilled using a 16″ bit across the shallow UER and Simsima aquifers. From regional experience, cementing challenges were clearly understood. These formations are notoriously difficult to achieve a cement only seal, this seal providing the Well Barrier Element (WBE), as defined by regulatory guidelines. When cementing, the slurry can be impacted by a combination of water contamination and potential cement losses due to a combination of Equivalent Circulating Density (ECD), low fracture gradient, pore pressure, and formation permeability.
To address these challenges, the 13-3/8″ casing included an MEP and a second stage contingency Port Collar, both positioned shallow of the planned primary stage Top of Cement (TOC). This solution provided an effective single-stage MEP and cement combination to address the risk of SCP and negate the need for implementation of a second-stage cement operation or bringing cement to surface.
This was the first deployment of the MEP within the C annulus in the Middle East region. The combination of cement and MEP technology to address and eliminate the risk of SCP has many applications through the region, reducing risk, cost, rig time, and methane emissions.
Innovative Solutions for Zonal Isolation Challenges in a Middle East Reservoir with Narrow Operating Windows
Authors: Masoud R. , Quintero E. , Martanto R. , Edgar D. , Pohl J. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Zonal isolation during the primary cementing operation is a must; failure to achieve it can lead to problems including loss of production, safety concerns, regulatory non-compliance, increased cost of drilling the well, remedial cementing operations, loss of well integrity, and decreased life of the well. This is a case study of two successful primary cementing operations with an operating window (pore-fracture pressure) of less than 10 lbm/ft3 in carbonate reservoirs sections.
In this study, a managed pressure cementing (MPC) technique was employed to address challenges posed by a narrow annular gap and the necessity for increased equivalent circulating density (ECD) while cementing. Our approach incorporated an engineered heavy-weight slurry, a specially designed wellbore shielding spacer, and an environmentally friendly loss circulation material (LCM) capable of sealing formations up to 3,500 mD. The cementing design aimed to control the operating window between the reservoir pore pressure and fracture pressure, without inducing detrimental losses to the formation.
Because the ECD during the primary cementing operation was above the fracture pressure, the pressure concerns had to be addressed to ensure safety, proper cement placement, and achieve a quality cement bond for zonal isolation. A unique cementing approach was implemented whereby the operator combined industry best practices with the shielding component and the LCM and MPC operation. This allowed the operational parameters, such as pumping rate and pressure, to be adjusted during the execution of the cementing job to ensure that the ECD surges were mitigated for a near constant bottomhole pressure (BHP) during the placement of cement in the annulus. The operation was successful with cement reaching the top of desired depth and successfully isolating the zone.
This paper covers the details of the design, execution, and evaluation of two cementing operations which combined the novel shielding component with LCM and MPC operations. This novel combination of materials and technique allowed the top of cement to reach the desired depth and ensure well integrity in both cases. It can be applied in wells where the ECD during cement placement is only slightly above the fracture gradient.
Unraveling Concentric Casing Failures: Insights from Two Decades of Investigative Endeavors
Authors: Egbe Peter I. , Azim Muhammad K. , Muzairie Thamer 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Structural well integrity of concentric casing strings set across shallow aquifers, or indeed other corrosive formations is a critical aspect of life cycle well integrity assurance efforts. Regardless of the region (Middle East, North Sea, Gulf of Mexico, West Coast of Africa, or Asia Pacific), wells in these different regions with and without corrosion protection systems, have shown varying degrees of damage profiles due to corrosion impact. For instance, corrosion damage particularly due to shallow aquifer activity has been observed to be the result of different modes of longline corrosion cells set up on the casing strings. Irrespective of the mechanism, a loss of casing integrity due to corrosion results in a loss of primary containment which may impact on well life cycle, environmental protection, loss of production avails or wells asset, and requiring significant resources for remediation.
The paper aims to identify the corrosion mechanism behind some example failures using an integrated data approach consisting of downhole wireline corrosion logs, drilling, completion and production data to minimize such future occurrence in the field. The approach highlights the significance of continuously evolving investigative methods to uncover previously unforeseen integrity issues. Cutting-edge technologies, including electromagnetic testing, ultrasonic imaging, and advanced potential profile tools were deployed to enhance the ability to conduct further thorough assessments of well integrity. Dynamic and static potential profile measurements, along with electromagnetic time domain tools, were utilized to assess corrosion trends and understand the underlying mechanisms affecting the assurance of well integrity from a corrosion perspective.
Culturable endophytes from carnivorous plant traps in the UK: commonality of endophyte species across host species and sites.
Authors: Shaw Brandon James Paul , Ryves David B , Glanville Helen , Young Erica B , Millett Jonathan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Fungal endophytes are ubiquitous plant symbionts existing asymptomatically inside plant tissues but playing a crucial role in plant health and function. Endophytes have been extensively studied in many plants, such as agricultural systems, but in carnivorous plants which may engage microbes to aid in digestion, they are poorly understood. To address this deficiency, this study aims to assess the presence and host specificity of fungal endophytes in carnivorous plant traps. Five carnivorous plant species were sampled from two in-situ sites and greenhouse grown plants. Fungal endophytes were isolated from the traps of five carnivorous plant species: Drosera rotundifolia, Drosera anglica, Pinguicula vulgaris, Dionaea muscipula, and Sarracenia purpurea. These represent a range of trapping mechanisms, native and introduced species. We included different carnivorous plant species growing at the same site, and the same species at different sites to test for host and site specificity. Endophytes were cultured on malt extract agar and identified by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. The isolated fungal endophytes were composed of species from common Ascomycota genera (Alternaria, Cladosporium, Colletotrichum, and Didymocyrtis). Fungal endophytes were present in all plant species, this expands our understanding of endophyte distribution in carnivorous plants, representing the first endophytes isolated from D. anglica and D. muscipula and the first endophytes from the traps of D. rotundifolia and P. vulgaris, along with five new fungal endophyte species in carnivorous plants. There was some host specificity; S. purpurea was the only host plant with Colletotrichum spp., whereas Alternaria spp. were found across multiple hosts and sites. The trap endophytes cultured here differed to root endophytes of Drosera and Pinguicula found in previous studies of plants at the same site, suggesting that above and below ground endophytes may differ, perhaps offering different functions in separate plant tissues.
Effect of tobacco–radish rotation for different years on bacterial wilt and rhizosphere microbial communities
Authors: Dai Yuhao , Li Jixiu , Wang Zhenzhen , Yang Shaoqi , Xiao Qingju , Gao Zipeng , Zhang Fengjing , Zhao Chenran , Yang Liang , Chen Shaopeng , Ding Wei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Tobacco bacterial wilt is a major limiting factor for tobacco production and development, and it is more likely to occur under perennial single cropping of tobacco. In recent years, the rotation of tobacco-radish has gradually become popular. Therefore, we studied the effects of years of tobacco–radish rotation on tobacco bacterial wilt occurrence and rhizosphere microorganisms. The results indicated that both SY and TY could significantly reduce the risk of tobacco bacterial wilt occurrence, and SY had the lowest disease index. The rotation of radish plants significantly increased the soil pH but decreased the contents of alkali-hydrolysed nitrogen and organic matter in the soil. Alkali-hydrolysed nitrogen and pH are the key factors affecting the composition of the bacterial community. Furthermore, radish rotation changed the composition of the soil microbial community, increased the diversity of the bacterial community, and significantly altered the bacterial community structure. At the genus level, the abundance of Sphingomonas species negatively correlated with Ralstonia increased significantly, while the relative abundance of Rhodanobacterspecies positively correlated with Ralstoniadecreased significantly. Disease index, pH and available phosphorus were the main factors affecting the variation in different bacterial genera. The network analysis results showed that Ralstoniawas less connected in the network than in the CK group, and the SY treatment group had a more complex bacterial network structure. Overall, 2 years of tobacco and radish rotation improved the bacterial community structure of the rhizosphere soil and alleviated the harm caused by tobacco bacterial wilt, which is highly important for the stability and health of the rhizosphere soil ecosystem.
α‐ZrP nanoparticles as an efficient nanocatalyst in the simultaneous esterification and transesterification reaction of waste cooking oil with high free fatty acid content for biodiesel production
Authors: Hajipour Abdol Reza , Farhaninia Mohammad 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Biodiesel is renewable and green energy. In this study, solid acid hexagonal α-zirconium phosphate (α-ZrP) nanoparticles, as recyclable and effective catalyst, were prepared by reflux method, and this solid acid catalyst was utilized for esterification and transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) that comprise high free fatty acid (FFA) with methanol in order to produce biodiesel. The catalyst was characterized by several physicochemical procedures. Quality estimation of WCO methyl ester demonstrated good compliance with both international standards (EN14214 and ASTM D6751). The results proved that α-ZrP is an effective catalyst for simultaneous esterification and transesterification of WCO.
The Irredeemability of the Past: Determinants of Reconciliation and Revenge in Post-Conflict Settings
Authors: Kao Kristen , Fabbe Kristin , Petersen Michael Bang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Durable peace after violent conflict where enemies take over territory often requires reintegration of internally displaced persons (IDPs) who are suspected of collaboration with the enemy. Citizens must also refrain from vengeance lest the cycle of violence renew. We lack understanding of what drives tendencies towards reconciliation versus revenge in conflict settings. Can those suspected of collaboration mitigate accusations of past wrongs through attempts at redemption? We run two conjoint experiments embedded within a large-N face-to-face survey across three areas of Iraq (n=4,592) experiencing the return or resettlement of IDPs. We find that signalling rehabilitation and gaining sponsorship of trusted authorities have little to no impact on reconciliation and revenge in Iraq; past behaviors are highly predictive of citizens' attitudes towards IDPs. Less reconciliatory and more vengeful motivations are expressed towards acts higher in severity and volition. Analyses employing cognitive and emotional statistical mediators further demonstrate that past behavior shapes justice intuitions because it simultaneously activates a past-oriented moral condemnation and a future-oriented heuristic assessment of the value and risks of associating with the IDP. Our results suggest that peace requires careful accounting of crimes committed and current strategies for redemption of accused collaborators may not be effective in war torn contexts.
PRDX1 drives colorectal cancer progression by inhibiting ferroptosis through suppression of Cullin-3-mediated NRF2 degradation
Authors: Yu Xinfeng , Song Yujia , Wang Xiaohui , Sun Yuqi , Yu Nianhua , Tian Yajie , Han Jinli , qu Xianjun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) is a potent antioxidant protein that displays a unique molecular chaperone activity. However, the role of overexpression of PRDX1 in colorectal cancer (CRC) was elusive. Herein, we found that the number of AOM/DSS-induced colitis-associated CRC in PRDX1 knockout mice was significantly lower than that in wild-type mice, concurrent with the downregulation of NRF2 and GPX4. Mechanistically, RNA sequencing results indicated that knockdown of PRDX1 resulted in a significant reduction of NRF2, which further triggered ROS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid peroxidation-induced ferroptosis in CRC cells. Notably, PRDX1 inhibited NRF2 degradation and promoted NRF2 nuclear translocation and consequently triggered the transcription of GPX4. Immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry (IP-MS) and Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays revealed that PRDX1 could function as a molecular chaperone binding to CUL3 to inhibit the ubiquitination of NRF2. Importantly, the binding of PRDX1 to CUL3 was enhanced by conoidin A but abrogated by PRDX1 Cys83Ser mutant. The inhibitory effects of silencing PRDX1 on CRC could be attenuated by NRF2 activation or ferrostatin-1 administration in vivo. Collectively, these results provide a new insight into the molecular chaperone activity of PRDX1 in triggering CRC progression through suppression of CUL3-mediated NRF2 degradation, suggesting PRDX1 Cys83 is a potential drug target in inhibiting CRC.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Electrical Vestibular Stimulation (VeNS), together with a lifestyle modification program, on Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Study Protocol of a Multicentre Double-Blinded, Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial.
Authors: Roux Carel Le , Holmes Joshua , Macias Shrin , Lapsley Coral , Watson Sinead , McKeown Jason , Viirre Erik , Grieve David , McGeoch Paul 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Obesity and metabolic syndrome, including Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), are increasingly linked to neurological factors, influenced by lifestyle. Electrical Vestibular Nerve Stimulation (VeNS) has shown potential in improving metabolic factors in T2DM. However, no large-scale Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) have been conducted to assess VeNS's impact on T2DM management.
Methods
This double-blinded, sham-controlled RCT will compare the effects of active VeNS against sham VeNS over a 24-week period, with assessments at baseline, mid-intervention (12 weeks), and conclusion (24 weeks). The aim is to recruit 300 participants, aged 22–70 years (18–70 years in non-US sites) and diagnosed with T2DM for at least 90 days, who will be randomized into active (VeNs device) or control (sham device) groups in a 1:1 ratio. Participants will self-administer active VeNS or sham stimulation aiming for 1 hour daily (7 hours per week) over the 24 weeks. The primary objective is to evaluate changes in HbA1c (%) from baseline to week 24. Secondary objectives include assessing responder rates for HbA1c targets set by ADA and AACE, HbA1c reduction of at least 0.5%, changes in body weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR), body composition, lipid profiles, pulse rate, blood pressure, fasting glucose, SMBG readings, medication adjustments, healthcare usage, and quality of life metrics (ADDQoL, EQ-5D-5L, DTSQ). Treatment tolerability will also be evaluated
Discussion
This study protocol presents an innovative approach to managing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) by combining Electrical Vestibular Nerve Stimulation (VeNS) with a lifestyle modification program. The implications for clinical practice in T2DM management could be significant. The combination of VeNS with lifestyle modifications may offer a novel, non-pharmacological treatment avenue, potentially improving patient outcomes and reducing reliance on traditional medication regimes.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04595968. Registered 22 October 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04595968