bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Tissues Following Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy in Humans Indicates Limited Long-Term Engraftment and No Ectopic Tissue Formation
Authors: von Bahr L. , Batsis I. , Moll G. , Hägg M. , Szakos A. , Sundberg B. , Uzunel M. , Ringden O. , Le Blanc K. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are explored as a novel treatment for a variety of medical conditions. Their fate after infusion is unclear, and long-term safety regarding malignant transformation and ectopic tissue formation has not been addressed in patients. We examined autopsy material from 18 patients who had received human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-mismatched MSCs, and 108 tissue samples from 15 patients were examined by PCR. No signs of ectopic tissue formation or malignant tumors of MSC-donor origin were found on macroscopic or histological examination. MSC donor DNA was detected in one or several tissues including lungs, lymph nodes, and intestine in eight patients at levels from 1/100 to &lt;1/1,000. Detection of MSC donor DNA was negatively correlated with time from infusion to sample collection, as DNA was detected from nine of 13 MSC infusions given within 50 days before sampling but from only two of eight infusions given earlier. There was no correlation between MSC engraftment and treatment response. We conclude that MSCs appear to mediate their function through a “hit and run” mechanism. The lack of sustained engraftment limits the long-term risks of MSC therapy.
Dual Inhibition of Src and GSK3 Maintains Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells, Whose Differentiation Is Mechanically Regulated by Src Signaling
Authors: Shimizu Takeshi , Ueda Jun , Ho Jolene Caifeng , Iwasaki Katsuhiko , Poellinger Lorenz , Harada Ichiro , Sawada Yasuhiro 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Recent studies reveal that the mechanical environment influences the behavior and function of various types of cells, including stem cells. However, signaling pathways involved in the mechanical regulation of stem cell properties remain largely unknown. Using polyacrylamide gels with varying Young's moduli as substrates, we demonstrate that mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) are induced to differentiate on substrates with defined elasticity, involving the Src-ShcA-MAP kinase pathway. While the dual inhibition of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), termed “2i,” was reported to sustain the pluripotency of mESCs, we find it to be substrate elasticity dependent. In contrast, Src inhibition in addition to 2i allows mESCs to retain their pluripotency independent of substrate elasticity. The alternative dual inhibition of Src and GSK3 (“alternative 2i”) retains the pluripotency and self-renewal of mESCs in vitro and is instrumental in efficiently deriving mESCs from preimplantation mouse embryos. In addition, the transplantation of mESCs, maintained under the alternative 2i condition, to immunodeficient mice leads to the formation of teratomas that include differentiation into three germ layers. Furthermore, mESCs established with alternative 2i contributed to chimeric mice production and transmitted to the germline. These results reveal a role for Src-ShcA-MAP kinase signaling in the mechanical regulation of mESC properties and indicate that alternative 2i is a versatile tool for the maintenance of mESCs in serum-free conditions as well as for the derivation of mESCs.
Numb Regulates Glioma Stem Cell Fate and Growth by Altering Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Skp1-Cullin-F-Box Ubiquitin Ligase Activity
Authors: Jiang Xiuli , Xing Hongyan , Kim Tae-Min , Jung Yuchae , Huang Wei , Yang Hong Wei , Song Shengye , Park Peter J. , Carroll Rona S. , Johnson Mark D. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Glioblastoma contains a hierarchy of stem-like cancer cells, but how this hierarchy is established is unclear. Here, we show that asymmetric Numb localization specifies glioblastoma stem-like cell (GSC) fate in a manner that does not require Notch inhibition. Numb is asymmetrically localized to CD133-hi GSCs. The predominant Numb isoform, Numb4, decreases Notch and promotes a CD133-hi, radial glial-like phenotype. However, upregulation of a novel Numb isoform, Numb4 delta 7 (Numb4d7), increases Notch and AKT activation while nevertheless maintaining CD133-hi fate specification. Numb knockdown increases Notch and promotes growth while favoring a CD133-lo, glial progenitor-like phenotype. We report the novel finding that Numb4 (but not Numb4d7) promotes SCFFbw7 ubiquitin ligase assembly and activation to increase Notch degradation. However, both Numb isoforms decrease epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression, thereby regulating GSC fate. Small molecule inhibition of EGFR activity phenocopies the effect of Numb on CD133 and Pax6. Clinically, homozygous NUMB deletions and low Numb mRNA expression occur primarily in a subgroup of proneural glioblastomas. Higher Numb expression is found in classical and mesenchymal glioblastomas and correlates with decreased survival. Thus, decreased Numb promotes glioblastoma growth, but the remaining Numb establishes a phenotypically diverse stem-like cell hierarchy that increases tumor aggressiveness and therapeutic resistance.
p53-Facilitated miR-199a-3p Regulates Somatic Cell Reprogramming
Authors: Wang Jiaxu , He Qianqian , Han Chuanchun , Gu Hao , Jin Lei , Li Qun , Mei Yide , Wu Mian 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Somatic cells can be reprogrammed to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by ectopic expression of defined transcriptional factors. The efficiency of this process, however, is extremely low. Although inactivation of p53 has been recently shown to greatly enhance reprogramming efficiency, the underlying molecular mechanisms still remain largely unknown. Here, we report that miR-199a-3p is upregulated by p53 at the post-transcriptional level. Induction of miR-199a-3p significantly decreases reprogramming efficiency, whereas miR-199a-3p inhibition greatly enhances it. Mechanistically, miR-199a-3p overexpression inhibits cell proliferation by imposing G1 cell cycle arrest. Conversely, miR-199a-3p inhibition results in a pronounced increase in cell proliferation. Furthermore, the enhancement in reprogramming of p53 knockdown cells is almost completely reversed with replacement of miR-199a-3p. Also, miR-199a-3p inhibition partially rescues iPS generation impaired by p53. These findings suggest miR-199a-3p as a novel p53 target that negatively regulates somatic cell reprogramming.
A New Look for The Reading Teacher
Authors: Mallette Marla H. , Barone Diane M. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIn this editorial, we reflect on the changes to The Reading Teacher in Volume 65. Although we focus on aesthetics, rather than the content, we do so to provide an overview of the changes, offer context for the cover photographs, and recognize the work of the photographers. However, as noted in the editorial, these changes to the appearance would be of little consequence without compelling and quality content. We are grateful to the authors, reviewers, section editors, IRA staff, and Wiley Publications, for their dedication and thoughtful work.
Why Reading Fluency Should Be Hot!
Authors: Rasinski Timothy V. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThis article explores problems that have surfaced in the teaching of reading fluency and how teachers and reading coaches can resolve those problems. Specific issues addressed include reading fluency being defined as reading fast and instruction that is focused on having students read fast, reading fluency viewed as solely and oral reading activity, reading fluency seen as an issue only for the primary grades, and reading fluency instruction viewed as a distinct form of reading instruction not integral to authentic reading that focuses on meaning. The author makes the case for an authentic, meaning‐based, and comprehensive approach to fluency instruction that is integral part of the core reading program.
For Young Children, Pictures in Storybooks Are Rarely Worth a Thousand Words
Authors: Schickedanz Judith A. , Collins Molly F. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThis article focuses on young children's misinterpretations of storybook illustrations. Examples of misinterpretations drawn from preschool classrooms are presented and analyzed to explain four kinds of confusion that are typically involved. Based on these analyses, the authors argue that young children are capable of the reasoning required to understand storybook illustrations, but need specific information and guidance to reason well in these complex contexts. The authors present strategies that teachers in preschool, kindergarten, and first grade can use to provide children with support. These strategies include explaining to children how illustrations work, bringing text information to children's attention, helping children use or acquire relevant background knowledge, and modeling the strategic use of personal experiences and background knowledge.
The Power and Potential of Primary Sources
Authors: Morgan Denise N. , Rasinski Timothy V. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractUsing primary sources with students has untapped potential for expanding and deepening the reading experiences of elementary and middle grade students. Primary sources expands teachers’ palette of reading materials, allows students to connect more closely to topics for learning, and deepens their understanding of the past. This article argues for the inclusion of more primary sources as a way to expand students’ world knowledge and develop their critical thinking skills. In addition, using primary sources is one way to support teachers in meeting the new common core state standards. Benefits of using primary sources and how to analyze primary documents are highlighted. Ideas for primary source collections and working with students are shared.
An improved location service scheme in urban environments with the combination of GPS and mobile stations
Authors: Huang Pengda , Pi Yiming 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTSatellite‐based apositioning and navigation technology in urban environments is widely studied. As a solution to GPS signal degradation in urban environment, the wireless network‐aided location scheme has been put into practice, which benefits our everyday life. However, there still exist many potential advantageous points that can be exploited to improve the performance of the location service especially in urban environments. This paper proposes a GPS‐based positioning and navigation with the aid of wireless network (GPONAWIN) positioning scheme that utilizes the existing resources of wireless communication networks to provide cheaper and more accurate urban positioning service with higher survivability. After the proposed scheme is described in detail, outperformances over the existing scheme are also analyzed. The GPONAWIN scheme can achieve higher information utilization efficiency, less wireless channel expenditure, more accurate positioning, better expandability to the multiple satellite positioning and navigation systems, and lower cost. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Apolipoprotein B mRNA‐editing, catalytic polypeptide cytidine deaminases and retroviral restriction
Authors: Koito Atsushi , Ikeda Terumasa 
Published: May 2012

AbstractApolipoprotein B (apo B) messenger RNA (mRNA)‐editing, catalytic polypeptide (APOBEC) cytidine deaminases (CDAs), which can insert mutations into DNA and/or RNA as a result of their ability to deaminate cytidine (C) to uridine (U), originated from a branch of the zinc‐dependent deaminase superfamily at the beginning of vertebrate radiation. The ability of mammalian CDAs encoded by the APOBEC3 genes to restrict a broad number of endogenous retroelements and exogenous retroviruses, including human immunodeficiency virus‐1, is well established. Furthermore, APOBEC1 from a variety of mammalian species, which mediates the C‐to‐U deamination of apo B mRNA, a protein involved in lipid transport, also has a role in controlling mobile elements. A large portion of the mammalian genome is derived from ancient transposable elements. Retroelements, transported by an intracellular copy‐and‐paste process involving an RNA intermediate, constitute the majority of these mobile genetic elements. Endogenous retroviruses are long‐terminal repeat (LTR)‐type retroelements that account for approximately 10% of human and murine genomic DNA. Non‐LTR members are present in extremely high copy numbers, with approximately 40% of the human and murine genomes consisting of long‐interspersed nuclear element‐1 (L1). These L1 elements modify mammalian genomes not only through insertions but also by the indirect replication of non‐autonomous retrotransposons. As expected, vertebrate intrinsic immunity has evolved to support a balance between retroelement insertions that cause deleterious gene disruptions and those that confer beneficial genetic diversity. This review discusses the current understanding of the mechanism of action of APOBEC CDAs and their role in controlling retroviruses and retroelements. WIREs RNA 2012, 3:529–541. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1117This article is categorized under:

RNA Processing > RNA Editing and Modification
Hydrate Isomerism in Coordination Polymers of Bismuth and Acetylenedicarboxylate
Authors: Busch Stefanie , Stein Irena , Ruschewitz Uwe 
Published: May 2012

AbstractSingle crystals of $\rm^{2}_{\infty}$[Bi(ADC)2/4(ADC)3/3(H2O)2]·2H2O (P$\bar{1}$, Z = 2) and $\rm^{3}_{\infty}$[Bi(ADC)2/4(ADC)3/3(H2O)3]·H2O (P$\bar{1}$, Z = 2) were obtained by isothermal evaporation of aqueous solutions containing acetylenedicarboxylic acid (H2ADC) and Bi(NO3)3·5H2O. Their crystal structures were solved and refined from X‐ray single crystal data. They are hydrate isomers with respect to the central Bi3+ ion, which leads to completely different topologies of the resulting coordination polymers.
Distinct Chain/Layer Structures in Silver(I) Compounds: Synthesis, Structures, and Photoluminescent Properties
Authors: Zhang Xin , Huang Yuan‐Yuan , Liu Zi‐Sheng , Yao Yuan‐Gen 
Published: May 2012

AbstractTwo new hybrid inorganic‐organic compounds with different chain/layer structures, [Ag(bipy)]n·n(Hdpa)·n(DMF)·n(H2O) (1) and [Ag(dpa)0.5(bix)0.5]n (2) [H2dpa = diphenic acid, bipy = 4, 4′‐bipyridine, bix = 4, 4′‐bis(imidazol‐1‐ylmethyl)benzene, DMF = N,N′‐dimethylformamide] were successfully synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and powder X‐ray diffraction. Single X‐ray analysis reveals that compound 1 is a one‐dimensional (1D) supramolecular double chain structure constructed by the combination of coordination bonds, hydrogen bonds, weak Ag···O and argentophilic interactions, compound 2 is a two‐dimensional (2D) undulated layer structure constructed by coordination bonds, weak Ag···O and argentophilic interactions. Moreover, the photoluminescent properties of the two compounds were also investigated in the solid state at room temperature.
Ca[PO2(NH)3(CO)2]2 – The First Biuretooxophosphate with a Divalent Cation
Authors: Wirnhier Eva , Schnick Wolfgang 
Published: May 2012

AbstractCalcium biuretooxophosphate Ca[PO2(NH)3(CO)2]2 was synthesized by ion exchange reaction in aqueous solution. The crystal structure of the salt was elucidated by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Anionic 1‐phospha‐2, 4, 6‐s‐triazine rings exhibiting a half‐chair conformation act as monodentate ligands for the calcium ions. A 3D network is formed by the resulting CaO6 octahedrons together with the anionic rings interconnected by hydrogen bonds. Beside the crystal structure, FTIR and photoluminescence spectra of calcium biuretooxophosphate are discussed. The thermal behavior of the salt is examined by means of temperature‐dependent powder X‐ray diffraction measurements and combined TG and DTA analyses.
Is Intravenous Iron Useful for Reducing Transfusions in Surgically Treated Colorectal Cancer Patients?
Authors: Titos‐Arcos José Carlos , Soria‐Aledo Victoriano , Carrillo‐Alcaraz Andrés , Ventura‐López María , Palacios‐Muñoz Sonsoles , Pellicer‐Franco Enrique 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe goal of the present study was to determine whether the intravenous administration of iron in the postoperative period of colon cancer surgical patients suffices to reduce the number of transfusions necessary.MethodThe study was designed as a retrospective observational study conducted over a three‐year period. A paired case‐control design was used to analyze the effect of postoperative iron on patients’ blood transfusion needs. Two groups were established (the case group, which received postoperative iron and the control group, which did not) and matched for age (±3 years), gender, type of operation, tumor stage, and surgical approach. Of 342 patients who underwent operation, 104 paired patients were obtained for inclusion in this study (52 in each group). A second analysis was made to assess the effect of intravenous iron on the evolution of hemoglobin between the first postoperative day and hospital discharge in the subgroup of patients with reduction in hemoglobin, in subjects without preoperative or postoperative transfusions. Finally, a total of 71 patients were paired in two groups: 37 and 31 patients in case and control, respectively.ResultsThe mean hemoglobin concentration at discharge for the case group was 10 ± 1.1 g/dl, vs. 10.6 ± 1.2 in the controls (P = 0.012). The number of transfusions in the case group was 3 ± 1.6, vs. 3.3 ± 3 in the control group (P = 0.682). Thus, 28.8 % of the patients in the case group received transfusions, versus 30.8 % of those in the control group (P = 0.830). In the second analysis, the decrease in hemoglobin concentration was 0.88 g/dl and 0.82 g/dl in case and control, respectively.ConclusionsIntravenous iron does not appear to reduce the blood transfusion requirements in the postoperative period of colorectal surgery patients with anemia. We consider that further studies are needed to more clearly define the usefulness of intravenous iron in reducing the transfusion needs in such patients.
Prospective Evaluation of a Single‐sided Innervated Gluteal Artery Perforator Flap for Reconstruction for Extensive and Recurrent Pilonidal Sinus Disease: Functional, Aesthetic, and Patient‐reported Long‐term Outcomes
Authors: Schrögendorfer Klaus F. , Haslik Werner , Aszmann Oskar C. , Vierhapper Martin , Frey Manfred , Lumenta David B. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBackgroundTreating large and extensive pilonidal sinus disease is a challenging task. Long‐term reports on flaps suitable for coverage of large, wide, local‐excision defects are sparse. We prospectively evaluated data with a minimum 1‐year follow‐up of the use of a single‐sided, innervated, superior gluteal artery perforator flap.MethodsTwenty‐one patients (1 woman, 20 men) with a median age of 26 years (min − max = 18 − 46) were included in the study period from September 2005 to April 2010. We recorded flap size, major and minor complications, hospital length of stay, impairment in activities of daily living, pain, aesthetic outcomes, and sensibility in the gluteal region (PSSD, pressure‐specified sensory device) at 6 and 12 months postoperatively.ResultsThe mean defect size (±SD) was 13.0 ± 1.9 × 8.6 ± 1.3 × 5.5 ± 1.2 cm (height × width × depth), and median length of hospital stay was 9 days (range = 7–11). Only two patients developed minor wound‐healing complications. Visual analog pain scales significantly improved, with no pain detectable at 12 months postoperatively (p < 0.0001). The aesthetic appearance of the results was good in the majority of patients (61.9–85.7 %). PSSD showed gradual normalization, with retained sensibility in the flap area over 12 months postoperatively (p = 0.0232). During the median 36‐month (range = 20–60) follow‐up, we have not observed any recurrence in the operated area.ConclusionsThe innervated superior gluteal artery perforator flap is a useful technique for covering large and recurrent pilonidal sinus defects following wide local excision and represents an excellent tool in the surgical armamentarium for achieving long‐lasting outcomes in this young group of patients.
Vaginal cuff dehiscence in laparoscopic hysterectomy: influence of various suturing methods of the vaginal vault
Authors: Blikkendaal M. D. , Twijnstra A. R. H. , Pacquee S. C. L. , Rhemrev J. P. T. , Smeets M. J. G. H. , de Kroon C. D. , Jansen F. W. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractVaginal cuff dehiscence (VCD) is a severe adverse event and occurs more frequently after total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) compared with abdominal and vaginal hysterectomy. The aim of this study is to compare the incidence of VCD after various suturing methods to close the vaginal vault. We conducted a retrospective cohort study. Patients who underwent TLH between January 2004 and May 2011 were enrolled. We compared the incidence of VCD after closure with transvaginal interrupted sutures versus laparoscopic interrupted sutures versus a laparoscopic single-layer running suture. The latter was either bidirectional barbed or a running vicryl suture with clips placed at each end commonly used in transanal endoscopic microsurgery. Three hundred thirty-one TLHs were included. In 75 (22.7 %), the vaginal vault was closed by transvaginal approach; in 90 (27.2 %), by laparoscopic interrupted sutures; and in 166 (50.2 %), by a laparoscopic running suture. Eight VCDs occurred: one (1.3 %) after transvaginal interrupted closure, three (3.3 %) after laparoscopic interrupted suturing and four (2.4 %) after a laparoscopic running suture was used (p = .707). With regard to the incidence of VCD, based on our data, neither a superiority of single-layer laparoscopic closure of the vaginal cuff with an unknotted running suture nor of the transvaginal and the laparoscopic interrupted suturing techniques could be demonstrated. We hypothesise that besides the suturing technique, other causes, such as the type and amount of coagulation used for colpotomy, may play a role in the increased risk of VCD after TLH.
Newborn screening programmes in Europe; arguments and efforts regarding harmonization. Part 1 – From blood spot to screening result
Authors: Loeber J. Gerard , Burgard Peter , Cornel Martina C. , Rigter Tessel , Weinreich Stephanie S. , Rupp Kathrin , Hoffmann Georg F. , Vittozzi Luciano 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIn many European countries neonatal screening has been introduced over the last 50 years as an important public health programme. Depending on health care structure, available funds, local politics, input from professional groups, parent groups, and the general public this introduction has led to different approaches in the way the screening programmes have been set up, financed and governed. To get some insight about the current situation, in 2009 the European Union, via its EAHC agency, put out a call for a tender that was acquired by our project group. An online survey was compiled in which the whole screening programme was covered by a questionnaire. This survey covered the EU member states, (potential) candidate member states and EFTA countries, in total 40 countries. Results showed little consensus concerning 1. information of parents including informed consent; 2. which conditions are screened for, ranging from 1 to around 30 conditions; 3. sampling time post partum; 4. screening methodology including cut‐offs values even between screening laboratories within countries.; 5. storage of residual specimens, varying from 3 months to 1000 years. In addition, confirmatory diagnostics and follow‐up also show large discrepancies (Burgard et al. http://www.iss.it/cnmr/prog/cont.php?id=1621&lang=1&tipo=64 2011). In addition to the current practices report an expert opinion document has been produced with recommendations to the EU Commission for future improvements, e.g. in parallel to the way the USA has harmonized its practices based on recommendations by the American College of Medical Genetics (Watson et al., Pediatrics 117: S296‐S307, 2006).