bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective chart review of catatonia in child and adolescent psychiatric patients
Authors: Ghaziuddin N. , Dhossche D. , Marcotte K. 
Published: November 2011

Ghaziuddin N, Dhossche D, Marcotte K. Retrospective chart review of catatonia in child and adolescent psychiatric patients.Objective:  Identify the frequency of catatonia among at‐risk children and adolescents receiving psychiatric treatment.Method:  Subjects were children and adolescents (<18 years), who had received psychiatric treatment at a University Hospital during 2004–2009, and were diagnosed with disorders with known risk for catatonia or displayed symptoms suggestive of catatonia. Approval was obtained from the Investigational Review Board (IRB). The first 101 (n = 101) subjects were selected among 570 subjects identified by psychiatric diagnoses: any pervasive developmental disorder, psychosis‐NOS (Not Otherwise Specified), intermittent explosive disorder, mental retardation, catatonia and neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Subjects met study‐defined criteria for catatonia, if they had three or more of the following symptoms: unexplained agitation/excitement, disturbed or unusual movements, reduced movements, repetitive or stereotyped movements, or reduced or loss of speech.Results:  Eighteen (17.8%) subjects, among a group suspected to be at a higher risk for catatonia, met the study‐defined criteria for this syndrome. However, only two subjects had been diagnosed by their treatment providers. Higher rates of intellectual disability and aggression were found among the group that met study‐criteria.Conclusion:  We concluded that catatonia is under recognized and undertreated among children and adolescents receiving psychiatric treatment.
Inferior alveolar nerve injury associated with implant surgery
Authors: Juodzbalys Gintaras , Wang Hom‐Lay , Sabalys Gintautas , Sidlauskas Antanas , Galindo‐Moreno Pablo 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectivesInferior alveolar nerve (IAN) is the most commonly injured nerve (64.4%) during implant treatment. At present, no standardized protocol exists for clinicians to manage IAN injury related with implant surgery. Therefore, the purposes of the present article were to analyze the reasons for nerve injury and to propose guidelines in managing IAN injury.Material and methodsPatients with IAN sensory disturbances after implant treatment were recruited for the study. Sixteen patients, eight men and eight women, with a mean age of 52.2 ± 8.1 years participated in this study. Patient examination, treatment, and IAN sensory function recovery monitoring were performed following six‐step IAN injury during dental implant surgery (IANIDIS) protocol. The control group was composed of 25 healthy volunteers who never had IAN sensory disturbances or any trauma in the maxillofacial region.ResultsThe IAN sensory disturbances were scored as following: 5 (31.25%) had hyperalgesia and 11 (68.75%) expressed hypoalgesia. The mean asymmetry index (AI) was calculated for each patient and varied from 0.6 to 3.2. Overall, 31.3% of nerve injury patients were classified as mild, 31.3% as moderate, and remaining 37.5% as severe injury. All patients were successfully treated with proposed IANIDIS protocol.ConclusionThe most frequent (50%) risk factor for IAN injury was intraoperative bleeding during bone preparation. The most common (56.3%) etiological risk factor of nerve injury was dental implant. A six‐step protocol aimed at managing patients with IAN injury, during dental implant surgery, was a useful tool that could provide successful treatment outcome.
Comparison of platelet rich fibrin and collagen as osteoblast‐seeded scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications
Authors: Gassling Volker , Hedderich Jürgen , Açil Yahya , Purcz Nicolai , Wiltfang Jörg , Douglas Timothy 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectivesThe loss of jaw bone caused by different kinds of pathologies leads to dysfunction and reduced quality of life in affected patients. Thus, the pivotal goal in bone tissue engineering is to reconstruct these defects. The essential precondition for new tissue generation is an extracellular matrix which acts as a scaffold so that cells can migrate, differentiate, and proliferate. Fibrin, a biopolymer responsible for blood clot formation, has been shown to be suitable for tissue engineering applications. The aim of the present study is a comparison of platelet rich fibrin (PRF) with the commonly used collagen membrane BioGide® as a scaffold for human osteoblast cell seeding for bone tissue engineering.Material and methodsHuman osteoblasts were cultured with eluates from PRF (n = 7) and BioGide® (n = 8) membranes incubated in serum‐free cell culture medium. Vitality of these cells was assessed by fluorescein diacetate and propidium iodide staining, biocompatibility with the lactate dehydrogenase test and proliferation levels with the MTT ([3‐(4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium‐bromide]), and BrdU (5‐bromo‐2‐deoxyuridine) tests. In addition, human osteoblasts were seeded on both membrane systems and cell growth was compared by the water soluble tetrazolium (WST‐1) (4‐[3‐(4‐iodophenyl)‐2‐(4‐nitrophenyl)‐2H‐5‐tetrazolio]‐1,3‐benzene disulfonate) test and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Osteoblastic differentiation was assessed by alkaline phosphatase activity measured by ELISA in the supernatant of osteoblasts cultivated on PRF membranes (n = 10), PRF clots (n = 10), and BioGide® membranes (n = 10).ResultsLactate dehydrogenase test values were higher for PRF compared to BioGide®. The BrdU test showed superior cell growth after cultivation in eluate from PRF than in eluate from BioGide®. The WST‐1 assay demonstrated superior cell proliferation on PRF than on BioGide®. SEM revealed osteoblast colonization of both membranes. Cultivation of osteoblasts on PRF membranes and PRF clots showed significantly higher alkaline phosphatase activity than on BioGide® membranes.ConclusionMetabolic activity and proliferation of human osteoblast cells in vitro were supported to a significant higher extent by eluates from PRF membranes. Both membranes are suitable as scaffolds for cultivation of human osteoblast cells in vitro; proliferation was significant higher on PRF membranes and on PRF clot than on BioGide® membranes.
In vitro study of the biological interface of Bio‐Oss: implications of the experimental setup
Authors: Mladenović Živko , Sahlin‐Platt Annika , Andersson Britta , Johansson Anders , Björn Erik , Ransjö Maria 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectivesTo systematically investigate the biological interface of Bio‐Oss by analysing dissolution–precipitation behaviour and osteogenic responses using in vitro experimental systems.Material and methodsDifferent concentrations (1–100 mg/ml) of Bio‐Oss were incubated in cell culture medium for 24 h before elemental concentrations for calcium, phosphorus and silicon in the medium were analysed with inductive coupled plasma‐optical emission spectroscopy. Radioactive calcium‐45 isotope labelling technique was used to study possible precipitation of calcium on the Bio‐Oss particle. Biological interface of Bio‐Oss was studied in osteogenic experiments using mineralization medium and three different sources of cells (primary mouse bone marrow stromal cells, primary rat calvarial cells and MC3T3‐E1 mouse pre‐osteoblast cell line). Cells were fixed and stained with Toulidine blue, von Kossa or Alizarin Red staining for confirmation of extracellular matrix mineralization.ResultsElemental analysis of the cell culture medium demonstrated a significant decrease of calcium and phosphorus and a dose‐dependent release of silicon to the medium after incubation with Bio‐Oss. A significant decrease of calcium and phosphorus in the medium occurred even at low concentrations of Bio‐Oss. Uptake of calcium on the Bio‐Oss particle was confirmed with radioactive calcium‐45 isotope labelling technique. In osteogenic experiments with Bio‐Oss (<1 mg/ml), matrix mineralization around the Bio‐Oss particles were demonstrated in all three cell types with von Kossa and Alizarin Red staining.ConclusionDissolution–precipitation reactions occur at the surface of Bio‐Oss, and osteogenic responses are seen at the biological interface. The concentration of Bio‐Oss is a key factor for the experimental in vitro results, and may also have implications for the clinic.
Cost‐effectiveness analysis of burning mouth syndrome therapy
Authors: Hens Manuel J. , Alonso‐Ferreira Veronica , Villaverde‐Hueso Ana , Abaitua Ignacio , Posada de la Paz Manuel 
Published: November 2011

Hens MJ, Alonso‐Ferreira V, Villaverde‐Hueso A, Abaitua I, Posada de la Paz M. Cost‐effectiveness analysis of burning mouth syndrome therapy. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2012; 40: 185–192. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/SAbstract –  Objective:  To study the cost‐effectiveness of four alternative treatments for burning mouth syndrome (BMS).Methods:  A cost‐effectiveness analysis was conducted from a healthcare payer perspective of four therapy strategies (amisulpride, paroxetine, sertraline and topical clonazepam), using a decision‐tree model that incorporated direct healthcare costs and probabilities associated with the possible events and outcomes. Average cost‐effectiveness and incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios were calculated. Sensitivity analyses included the costs of brand name and generic drugs in five European countries (France, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain and UK), as well as two scenarios with different treatment length.Results:  Of the drugs analysed, topical clonazepam proved to be the most cost‐effective therapy. Although generic proved more efficient than brand name drugs, they displayed no advantage over brand name topical clonazepam. The Netherlands was the country with the highest overall drug efficiency. Sensitivity analyses highlighted the robustness of the model, because topical clonazepam proved to be the most efficient therapy under all the different scenarios.Conclusions:  Topical clonazepam, which previous analyses of clinical evidence have shown to be the drug of choice for BMS, also proved to be the most cost‐effective of the drugs analysed for this condition.
Self‐assessed oral health, cognitive vulnerability and dental anxiety in children: testing a mediational model
Authors: Carrillo‐Díaz María , Crego Antonio , Armfield Jason M. , Romero Martín 
Published: November 2011

Carrillo‐Díaz M, Crego A, Armfield JM, Romero M. Self‐assessed oral health, cognitive vulnerability and dental anxiety in children: testing a mediational model. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2012; 40: 8–16. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/SAbstract –  Objective:  To explain the association between children’s self‐perceived oral health status and dental anxiety, by considering their levels of cognitive vulnerability.Methods:  Participants were 161 children (47.8% female; mean age = 11.93 years) who filled in a questionnaire comprising self‐assessed oral health‐related status, dental treatment‐related cognitive vulnerability and dental anxiety measures. Gender, age and number of decayed, missing and filled permanent teeth were controlled for. Bivariate correlations, hierarchical regression analyses and structural equation modelling were conducted to test the hypotheses.Results:  Subjective oral health status, cognitive vulnerability variables and dental anxiety were strongly correlated. Regression and structural models testing the mediating effects of cognitive vulnerability variables on the relationship between perceived oral health and dental anxiety were supported.Conclusions:  The activation of the cognitive vulnerability schema, as a mediating variable, is a mechanism by means of which children’s self‐perceptions of a poor oral health might lead to dental anxiety. Both components of vulnerability analysed (threat and disgust) contribute decisively to this potential process.
Tooth‐related risk factors for tooth loss in community‐dwelling elderly people
Authors: Hirotomi Toshinobu , Yoshihara Akihiro , Ogawa Hiroshi , Miyazaki Hideo 
Published: November 2011

Hirotomi T, Yoshihara A, Ogawa H, Miyazaki H. Tooth‐related risk factors for tooth loss in community‐dwelling elderly people. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2012; 40: 154–163. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/SAbstract –  Objective:  To appropriately explore risk factors for tooth loss operating at the tooth‐level, subject‐related factors and a hierarchical data structure have to be considered. The purpose of this study was to evaluate tooth‐related and subject‐related risk factors affecting tooth loss.Methods:  A 10‐year longitudinal survey was carried out on 286 elderly subjects. At baseline, the prosthodontic status and abutment function of the 5574 teeth were recorded. Tooth loss was defined as the main outcome variable, and a multilevel logistic regression model considering subject and tooth levels was applied.Results:  Tooth loss was found in 75% of subjects and most frequently in molars. A multivariable, multilevel logistic regression revealed that the following tooth‐related variables were significantly related to tooth loss over 10 years: maxillary teeth, multirooted teeth, single crowns, abutment teeth for a fixed/removable partial denture (FPD/RPD), and periodontally involved teeth. Among them, single crowns, abutment teeth for an FPD, and teeth with severe periodontal disease at baseline had the highest odds of 5.1, 6.0, and 7.1, respectively.Conclusions:  The findings of this study suggest that tooth loss is the result of complex interactions of tooth‐related factors. Several tooth‐related variables including multirooted teeth, abutments, and single crowns were found to be possible risk factors for tooth loss. Thus, these findings confirm and underline the potential benefit of minimizing prosthetic treatment of molars.
Dynamic Systems (Complexity) theory as a new conceptual model for researching PBL in dental education
Authors: Townsend G. C. , Kim M. , Sankey D. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractAlthough problem‐based learning (PBL) was introduced into dental education some 20 years ago, there have been relatively few well‐designed studies carried out to clarify whether, how or why it works in a dental context. This paper introduces the Dynamic Systems (Complexity) theory as a new and potentially productive theoretical framework for researching PBL in dental education. This framework emphasises the importance of emergent self‐organisation, perception and brain plasticity in learning. In this paper, a brief overview of the history of PBL in dentistry is presented and then the fundamentals of a Dynamic Systems Approach (DSA) are explained, drawing on two recently published papers advocating the DSA in medical education and teacher education. We focus on three key points related to this new approach: emergent self‐organisation rather than simple construction of knowledge; the notion that perception drives the learning process; and the brain as the substrate of all learning. The paper also suggests how the DSA can help us move forward, both in terms of the future application of PBL in dental education and also in relation to posing new types of research questions.
Effect on the Production of Soluble Endoglin from Human Choriocarcinoma Cells by Preeclampsia Sera
Authors: Aoki Youichi , Yamamoto Tatsuo , Fumihisa Chishima , Nakamura Akikazu , Asanuma Aki , Suzuki Manami 
Published: November 2011

Citation Aoki Y, Yamamoto T, Fumihisa C, Nakamura A, Asanuma A, Suzuki M. Effect on the production of soluble endoglin from human choriocarcinoma cells by preeclampsia sera. Am J Reprod Immunol 2012; 67: 413–420Problem  The soluble endoglin (sEng) is an antiangiogenic protein that may inhibit TGF‐β1 signaling and endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation in endothelial cells. The levels of sEng increased in sera obtained from preeclampsia. The factors that increase the sEng in preeclampsia have not been known well. To investigate the factors that may increase sEng in preeclampsia, we examined the effect of preeclampsia sera on the production of sEng from human choriocarcinoma (JEG‐3) cells.Methods  Serum samples were taken from women with normal pregnancy and from those with preeclampsia. JEG‐3 cells were cultured with serum for 24 hrs, and the sEng levels in supernatants and expression of sEng and Hemo oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) mRNA in cells were measured.Results  The addition of preeclampsia sera into JEG‐3 cells led to increased release of sEng and expression of Eng mRNA. Preeclampsia sera inhibited the expression of HO‐1 mRNA in JEG‐3 cells.Conclusion  The results suggest that preeclampsia sera may increase the protein production of sEng and mRNA expression of Eng from JEG‐3 cells like trophoblast without hypoxia and that in addition to hypoxia, preeclampsia sera may play a role of high level of serum sEng in preeclampsia patients. Decreased HO‐1 activity may relate to increased sEng release.
Assessment of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis activity: glucocorticoid receptor and mineralocorticoid receptor function in depression with early life stress – a systematic review
Authors: Von Werne Baes Cristiane , de Carvalho Tofoli Sandra M. , Martins Camila Maria S. , Juruena Mario F. 
Published: November 2011

Objective:The mechanisms involved in the dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, especially in the functioning of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in depressed patients, are not well elucidated. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of articles that assess the HPA axis activity from GR and MR in depressed patients and healthy controls with or without early life stress.Methods:We conducted a systematic review of articles in PubMed, SCOPUS and SciELO published between 2000 and 2011, using the following search terms:child abuse,depression,HPA axis,dexamethasone,prednisolone,fludrocortisoneandspironolactone. Thirty-four papers were selected for this review.Results:Most studies identified in this review used the dexamethasone/corticotropin-releasing hormone test and dexamethasone suppression test. In these studies, hypercortisolaemia was associated with depression. We identified three studies with the Prednisolone suppression test, only one study with the use of fludrocortisone and one with spironolactone. This review found nine studies that evaluated the HPA axis in individuals with early life stress.Conclusions:The majority of the studies assessed in this review show that early life stress leads to permanent changes in the HPA axis and may lead to development of depression in adults. The most consistent findings in the literature show increased activity of the HPA axis in depression associated with hypercortisolaemia and reduced inhibitory feedback. These findings suggest that this dysregulation of the HPA axis is partially attributable to an imbalance between GR and MR. Evidences have consistently showed that GR function is impaired in major depression, but few studies have assessed the activity of MR in depression and early life stress.
Protracted delirium with Sheehan's syndrome
Authors: Gahr Maximilian , Hügl Sigrun , Freudenmann Roland 
Published: November 2011

Objective: Delirium is a common problem, but often misdiagnosed and unidentified. Apart from the manifold clinical picture variable durations can also be an obstacle for its diagnosis.Methods: We present a case of protracted delirium that has developed after severe somatic illness in association with previously undiagnosed Sheehan's syndrome.Results: The variety of psychiatric symptoms with initial psychotic disorder and the long run of the disease delayed the diagnosis of delirium and meantime gave reason to assume personality change.Conclusion: This case report calls attention to the possibility of protracted delirium in patients with neuropsychiatric deficit symptoms that persist subsequent to somatic illness.
Fas expression promotes proteasomal activity in toxin-induced parkinsonism
Authors: Landau Anne M. , Siegrist-Johnstone Rosmarie , Desbarats Julie 
Published: November 2011

Objective: Fas (CD95), commonly categorised as a death receptor due to its well-defined role in apoptosis, can paradoxically also promote neuroprotection. We have previously found that defects in Fas signalling render mice highly susceptible to neural degeneration in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD). Decreased activity of the ubiquitin proteasome system and accumulation of protein aggregates are implicated in PD pathogenesis. Here, we investigate the relationship between Fas and ubiquitin proteasomal activity in neuronal cells.Methods: We performed proteasome assays in neuroblastoma cells and in midbrain cultures of wild-type and Fas-deficient mice.Results: Neuroblastoma cells upregulated proteasomal activity in response to an activating Fas antibody in vitro. Furthermore, neural tissue from Fas-deficient mice showed decreased proteasomal activity compared with the tissue from wild-type mice when exposed to a PD-inducing toxin in vivo.Conclusion: These findings suggest that mechanisms for Fas-mediated neuroprotection may include Fas-induced upregulation of proteasomal activity, and consequently less accumulation of toxic protein aggregates.
Patients with univentricular heart in early childhood: parenting stress and child behaviour
Authors: Sarajuuri A , Lönnqvist T , Schmitt F , Almqvist F , Jokinen E 
Published: November 2011

AbstractAims:  To assess perceptions of child behaviour and parenting stress among the parents of young children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) and other forms of functionally univentricular heart defects (UVH).Methods:  As part of our prospective nation‐wide neurodevelopmental follow‐up study, the parents of 23 patients with HLHS, 14 with UVH and 46 healthy controls at the mean age of 18 months received the questionnaires Child Behavior Checklist and Parenting Stress Index.Results:  The reported level of total parenting stress was significantly higher among the mothers (mean score 241 vs 205, p < 0.001) and fathers (235 vs 202, p = 0.003) of patients with HLHS compared with those of controls. The parents of patients with HLHS reported significantly more total (mean T score 52 vs 45, p = 0.005) and internalizing (51 vs 41, p < 0.001) behaviour problems than the controls, but among the syndrome scales, a significant difference was only found in somatic complaints. The parents of patients with UVH did not report more parenting stress or emotional problems than the controls.Conclusion:  Hypoplastic left heart syndrome, a severe congenital heart defect, increases parenting stress. The reported emotional maladjustment in affected children might in part be owing to somatic complaints.
Overweight and obesity among White, Black, and Mexican American children: Implications for when to intervene
Authors: Long Janice M. , Mareno Nicole , Shabo Rebecca , Wilson Astrid H. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractPurpose.  The study sought to determine if race/ethnicity, age, gender, and poverty index influence the development of overweight (OW) or obesity (OB) in children 6–11 years of age and whether a desirable time to intervene could be established.Methods.  A descriptive and comparative analysis was conducted using data from the 1999–2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Results.  Advancing age was the single largest predictor of OW or OB followed by race/ethnicity.Practice Implications.  Culturally sensitive interventions targeting children in their early elementary school years could reduce the consequences of OW and OB in childhood.