bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The evolution of water transport in plants: an integrated approach
Authors: PITTERMANN J. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThis review examines the evolution of the plant vascular system from its beginnings in the green algae to modern arborescent plants, highlighting the recent advances in developmental, organismal, geochemical and climatological research that have contributed to our understanding of the evolution of xylem. Hydraulic trade‐offs in vascular structure–function are discussed in the context of canopy support and drought and freeze–thaw stress resistance. This qualitative and quantitative neontological approach to palaeobotany may be useful for interpreting the water‐transport efficiencies and hydraulic limits in fossil plants. Large variations in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are recorded in leaf stomatal densities, and may have had profound impacts on the water conservation strategies of ancient plants. A hypothesis that links vascular function with stomatal density is presented and examined in the context of the evolution of wood and/or vessels. A discussion of the broader impacts of plant transport on hydrology and climate concludes this review.
Arsenic release and attenuation in low organic carbon aquifer sediments from West Bengal
Authors: HÉRY M. , VAN DONGEN B. E. , GILL F. , MONDAL D. , VAUGHAN D. J. , PANCOST R. D. , POLYA D. A. , LLOYD J. R. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractHigh arsenic concentrations in groundwater are causing a humanitarian disaster in Southeast Asia. It is generally accepted that microbial activities play a critical role in the mobilization of arsenic from the sediments, with metal‐reducing bacteria stimulated by organic carbon implicated. However, the detailed mechanisms underpinning these processes remain poorly understood. Of particular importance is the nature of the organic carbon driving the reduction of sorbed As(V) to the more mobile As(III), and the interplay between iron and sulphide minerals that can potentially immobilize both oxidation states of arsenic. Using a multidisciplinary approach, we identified the critical factors leading to arsenic release from West Bengal sediments. The results show that a cascade of redox processes was supported in the absence of high loadings of labile organic matter. Arsenic release was associated with As(V) and Fe(III) reduction, while the removal of arsenic was concomitant with sulphate reduction. The microbial populations potentially catalysing arsenic and sulphate reduction were identified by targeting the genes arrA and dsrB, and the total bacterial and archaeal communities by 16S rRNA gene analysis. Results suggest that very low concentrations of organic matter are able to support microbial arsenic mobilization via metal reduction, and subsequent arsenic mitigation through sulphate reduction. It may therefore be possible to enhance sulphate reduction through subtle manipulations to the carbon loading in such aquifers, to minimize the concentrations of arsenic in groundwaters.
Attitude markers in business management research articles: a cross‐cultural corpus‐driven approach
Authors: Dueñas Pilar Mur 
Published: February 2010

The expression of attitudinal meaning is negotiated in research articles (RAs) on the basis of shared disciplinary values. The aim of this paper is to analyse the role of the broader cultural context in the expression of attitudinal values, trying to ascertain to what extent language/culture values may be overridden by disciplinary ones. Thus, the paper explores attitude markers in a corpus of RAs from Business Management in two different sociocultural contexts: international American and local Spanish. Overall, results indicate a similar frequency of use and tendencies in the rhetorical purposes of attitude markers in the two sub‐corpora. It could be concluded that a common set of disciplinary values is shared by scholars from these two cultural contexts in this field when publishing their RAs.La expresión de contenidos atitudinales se negocia en los artículos de investigación con arreglo a valores disciplinares compartidos por sus miembros. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el papel del contexto cultural más amplio en el que se enmarca el artículo de investigación publicado en la expresión de valores atitudinales, con el propósito de discernir hasta qué punto los valores disciplinares pueden suprimir aquellos de índole lingüística/cultural. Así, el artículo analiza el uso de marcadores atitudinales en un corpus de artículos de investigación en Dirección y Organización de Empresas en dos contextos socio culturales diferentes: el norteamericano (internacional) y el español (local). En términos generales, los resultados indican una frecuencia de uso y tendencias en los propósitos retóricos de los marcadores atitudinales similares en los dos corpora. De estos resultados se infiere que existe un conjunto de valores disciplinares compartidos por ambos grupos de autores, pertenecientes a distintos ámbitos socioculturales, pero al mismo campo disciplinar, a la hora de publicar sus artículos de investigación.
The Impact of Social Factors and Consumer Behavior on Carbon Dioxide Emissions in the United Kingdom
Authors: Baiocchi Giovanni , Minx Jan , Hubacek Klaus 
Published: February 2010

SummaryIn this article we apply geodemographic consumer segmentation data in an input−output framework to understand the direct and indirect carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions associated with consumer behavior of different lifestyles in the United Kingdom. In a subsequent regression analysis, we utilize the lifestyle segments contained in the dataset to control for aspects of behavioral differences related to lifestyles in an analysis of the impact of various socioeconomic variables on CO2emissions, such as individual aspirations and people's attitudes toward the environment, as well as the physical context in which people act.This approach enables us to (1) test for the significance of lifestyles in determining CO2emissions, (2) quantify the importance of a variety of individual socioeconomic determinants, and (3) provide a visual representation of “where” the various factors exert the greatest impact, by exploiting the spatial information contained in the lifestyle data.Our results indicate the importance of consumer behavior and lifestyles in understanding CO2emissions in the United Kingdom. Across lifestyle groups, CO2emissions can vary by a factor of between 2 and 3. Our regression results provide support for the idea that sociodemographic variables are important in explaining emissions. For instance, controlling for lifestyles and other determinants, we find that emissions are increasing with income and decreasing with education. Using the spatial information, we illustrate how the lifestyle mix of households in the United Kingdom affects the geographic distribution of environmental impacts.
Reduced dietary intake of vitamin B12 and folate in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis
Authors: Kozlak Scott T. , Walsh Stephen J. , Lalla Rajesh V. 
Published: February 2010

J Oral Pathol Med (2010) 39: 420–423Background:  Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), commonly referred to as canker sores, is a very common and painful oral mucosal disease. Although the etiology of RAS is not well understood, a number of factors may play a role, including nutritional deficiencies. The objective of this study was to compare dietary vitamin intake in RAS patients to that of a control group.Methods:  One hundred subjects, who had suffered at least three episodes of minor RAS in the previous 12 months, completed a detailed Diet History Questionnaire designed and validated by the US National Institutes of Health. DietCalc software was used to calculate daily dietary intakes of nine different vitamins in the study subjects. Daily intakes were energy‐adjusted and compared to age‐ and gender‐matched nutrient intake data on 9033 subjects from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Results: The study subjects had significantly lower daily intake of vitamin B12 (P < 0.0002) and folate (P < 0.0001) as compared to the controls.Conclusions:  Our results demonstrate that patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis are more likely to have lower dietary intakes of vitamin B12 and folate than a control group. These results support and extend previous studies indicating a link between the etiology of RAS and hematological deficiencies of vitamin B12 and folate. These findings suggest that consuming sufficient amounts of these vitamins may be a useful strategy to reduce the number and/or duration of RAS episodes.
Pyridoxal‐5‐phosphate plasma concentrations in children receiving tuberculosis chemotherapy including isoniazid
Authors: Cilliers K , Labadarios D , Schaaf HS , Willemse M , Maritz JS , Werely CJ , Hussey G , Donald PR 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAim:  Little is known about pyridoxine nutriture of children treated with isoniazid (INH) regimens. This study documents plasma pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate (PLP) concentrations in children, HIV‐infected and HIV‐uninfected, receiving INH regimens.Methods:  Children from the Western Cape of South Africa hospitalized for tuberculosis (TB) management were studied. Plasma PLP concentrations were determined on enrolment, 1‐month after commencing TB treatment, and again after 4‐month’s treatment. The children received a supplement meeting pyridoxine requirements.Results:  Nineteen HIV‐infected and 33 HIV‐uninfected children received INH (dosage range 4–20 mg/kg) daily. Mean PLP plasma concentrations on enrolment were 8.32 (SD 6.75) ng/mL and 11.28 (SD 3.02) ng/mL in HIV‐infected and HIV‐uninfected children, respectively (p = 0.11) and after 4‐month’s treatment 6.75 (SD 2.71) ng/mL and 14.76 (SD 7.96) ng/mL (p < 0.001). On enrolment 9 (50%) HIV‐infected and 5 (15%) HIV‐uninfected children (p = 0.016) had suboptimal PLP concentrations (<6 ng/mL); after 4‐month’s treatment 8 (42%) and 2 (6%) (p = 0.004).Conclusion:  Plasma PLP concentrations in children treated for TB were low on enrolment in HIV‐infected and HIV‐uninfected children; after 4‐month’s treatment low values were still common in HIV‐infected children. Additional pyridoxine supplementation of malnourished children treated for tuberculosis is advisable, particularly those HIV‐infected.
Determinants of adherence to a single‐dose nevirapine regimen for the prevention of mother‐to‐child HIV transmission in Gert Sibande district in South Africa
Authors: Peltzer Karl , Mlambo Motlatso , Phaswana‐Mafuya Nancy , Ladzani Rendani 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAim:  To identify factors that influence adherence to antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis by HIV positive mothers participating in the HIV prevention of mother to child (PMTCT) programme.Methods:  Post‐delivery 815 HIV‐infected mothers aged 18 years and above with babies aged 3–6 months were interviewed in Gert Sibande District, Mpumalanga province, South Africa.Results:  Eighty five percent of the mothers indicated that they had been provided with nevirapine and 78.4% took it before or at the onset of labour and infant nevirapine intake was 76.9%. In multivariate analysis it was found that women with better PMTCT knowledge had a higher perceived confidentility about HIV status at the health facility. They had a term delivery and those who had told their partner about nevirapine had a higher maternal nevirapine adherence. Women who had also told their partner about nevirapine, whose partner was asked for an HIV test and those who knew the HIV status of their infant had higher infant nevirapine adherence.Conclusion:  Adherence to maternal and infant ARV prophylaxis was found to be sub‐optimal. Health services delivery factors, male involvement, communication and social support contribute to adherence to ARV prophylaxis in this largely rural setting in South Africa.
Relationship between species richness and spatial and temporal distance from seed source in semi‐natural grassland
Authors: Matsumura Toshikazu , Takeda Yoshiaki 
Published: February 2010

AbstractQuestion: How do traditional management practices of field margins maintain the biodiversity of native grassland species?Location: Semi‐natural grassland on the field margins of traditional and consolidated agricultural fields on Awaji Island, central Japan.Methods: The distance to the nearest traditional field margin to the study sites was determined because the traditional field was considered as a seed source of native vegetation to the semi‐natural grasslands under study. We selected field margins in consolidated fields of different ages and distances from seed sources. Indicator species for both field types were sought. Regression analysis and detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) were used to determine the effect of spatial and temporal distances on the species composition of native vegetation.Results: Species richness differed significantly between the margin of traditional and consolidated fields. We identified significant indicator species of traditional fields, but not of consolidated fields. In consolidated fields, species richness increased significantly with age and decreased significantly with increasing distance to the source. At younger sites, species richness decreased faster with distance to the source because of strong negative correlation, but not at older sites. DCA ordination plots similarly indicated that similarities of vegetation composition in consolidated and traditional fields decreased with distance, and the effect of distance decreased with age.Conclusions: The species composition of the grassland margins of consolidated field was more similar to the margins of traditional fields if the consolidated fields were older, and/or closer to traditional fields. This pattern suggests that dispersal may play a role in the establishment of species on field margins.
Enhancing resilience in registered aged care nurses
Authors: Cameron Fiona , Brownie Sonya 
Published: February 2010

Aim:  To identify the factors that impact the resilience of registered aged care nurses, that is their capacity to adapt to the physical, mental and emotional demands of working in aged care facilities.Method:  This study explored the lived experience of nine registered nurses working in residential aged care facilities on the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, who were asked to reflect on the phenomenon of resilience in the workplace.Results:  This study found that clinical expertise, a sense of purpose in a holistic care environment, a positive attitude and work–life balance are important determinants of resilience in aged care nurses.Conclusions:  Resilience in nurses in residential aged care facilities is enhanced when they are able to maintain long‐term, meaningful relationships with residents. Collegial support that provides opportunities to debrief and validate experiences as well as the use of humour to defuse stress promotes well‐being and builds resilience in the workplace.
Peptides from purified soybean β‐conglycinin inhibit fatty acid synthase by interaction with the thioesterase catalytic domain
Authors: Martinez‐Villaluenga Cristina , Rupasinghe Sanjeewa G. , Schuler Mary A. , Gonzalez de Mejia Elvira 
Published: February 2010

Fatty acid synthase (FAS) is uniquely expressed at high levels in cancer cells and adipose tissue. The objectives of this study were to identify, purify and validate soy FAS inhibitory peptides and to predict their binding modes. Soy peptides were isolated from hydrolysates of purified β‐conglycinin by co‐immunoprecipitation and identified using LC‐MS/MS. Three peptides, KNPQLR, EITPEKNPQLR and RKQEEDEDEEQQRE, inhibited FAS. The biological activity of these peptides was confirmed by their inhibitory activity against purified chicken FAS (IC50 = 79, 27 and 16 μm, respectively) and a high correlation (r = −0.7) with lipid accumulation in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. The FAS inhibitory potency of soy peptides also correlated with their molecular mass, pI value and the number of negatively charged and hydrophilic residues. Molecular modeling predicted that the large FAS inhibitory peptides (EITPEKNPQLR and RKQEEDEDEEQQRE) bond to the thioesterase domain of human FAS with lower interaction energies (−442 and −353 kcal·mol−1, respectively) than classical thioesterase inhibitors (Orlistat, −91 kcal·mol−1 and C75, −51 kcal·mol−1). Docking studies suggested that soy peptides blocked the active site through interactions within the catalytic triad, the interface cavity and the hydrophobic groove in the human FAS thioesterase domain. FAS thioesterase inhibitory activities displayed by the synthetic soy peptides EITPEKNPQLR and RKQEEDEDEEQQRE (IC50 = 10.1 ± 1.6 and 10.7 ± 4.4 μm, respectively) were higher than C75 (58.7 μm) but lower than Orlistat (0.9 μm). This is the first study to identify FAS inhibitory peptides from purified β‐conglycinin hydrolysates and predict their binding modes at the molecular level, leading to their possible use as nutraceuticals.Structured digital abstract
MINT‐7544766, MINT‐7546418, MINT‐7546830: Beta‐conglycinin (uniprotkb:P25974) binds (MI:0407) to Alpha subunit of BC (uniprotkb:P13916) by pull down (MI:0096)
MINT‐7547140, MINT‐7547249: Beta‐conglycinin (uniprotkb:P25974) binds (MI:0407) to Beta subunit of BC (uniprotkb:P25974) by pull down (MI:0096)
Non‐attendance in chronic disease clinics: a matter of non‐compliance?
Authors: Paterson Barbara L , Charlton Patricia , Richard Simon 
Published: February 2010

paterson bl, charlton p & richard s (2010)
Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness2, 63–74 Non‐attendance in chronic disease clinics: a matter of non‐compliance?Aim.  To identify the personal, contextual and mediating factors that influence non‐attendance in specialty chronic disease clinics.Background.  Non‐attendance in chronic disease clinics is an ongoing problem that can increase patients’ vulnerability to serious complications, affect continuity of care, contribute to long wait times, engender negative patient–provider relationships, and increase costs to the health system.Methods.  Literature for this review was obtained by an extensive search of health and social science computerised bibliographic databases using the search terms participation, attendance, non‐attendance, attrition, dropout, missed appointment, no show with diabetes, chronic disease and chronic illness care.Results.  Twenty‐eight research studies met our criteria for inclusion in the review. Analyses revealed that non‐attendance at chronic disease clinics is influenced by a myriad of factors encompassed as personal and clinical factors, and factors pertaining to the nature and operations of the clinic.Conclusions.  The factors that influence attendance are complex and multifactoral. A range of strategies are needed to address the myriad of patient‐related and health‐system factors to increase attendance rates and ultimately improve health outcomes.Relevance to clinical practice.  A critical analysis of factors that affect attendance is important to begin to develop a greater awareness and understanding among health providers of the implications and reasons for missed appointments. The results can help to improve patient–provider relationships and deliver services that better meet patients’ needs and expectations.
Rhh: an R extension for estimating multilocus heterozygosity and heterozygosity–heterozygosity correlation
Authors: ALHO JUSSI S. , VÄLIMÄKI KAISA , MERILÄ JUHA 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIndividual multilocus heterozygosity estimates based on a limited number of loci are expected to correlate only weakly with the inbreeding level of an individual. Before using multilocus heterozygosity estimates in studies of inbreeding, their ability to capture information on inbreeding in the given setting should be tested. A convenient method for this is to compute the heterozygosity–heterozygosity correlation, i.e. the mean correlation between multilocus heterozygosity estimates calculated from random samples of loci, which should be positive if multilocus heterozygosity carries a signature of inbreeding. Rhh is an extension package for the statistical softwarerthat estimates this correlation and calculates three measures of individual multilocus heterozygosity: homozygosity by loci, internal relatedness and standardized heterozygosity. The extension package is available through the CRAN (http://cran.r‐project.org) and has a homepage athttp://www.helsinki.fi/biosci/egru/research/software.
Chlorophyll a might structure a community of potentially pathogenic culturable Vibrionaceae. Insights from a one‐year study of water and mussels surveyed on the French Atlantic coast
Authors: Deter J. , Lozach S. , Derrien A. , Véron A. , Chollet J. , Hervio‐Heath D. 
Published: February 2010

SummaryThe present study focused on the isolation of culturable bacteria from mussels and sea water to identify Vibrionaceae potentially pathogenic for humans. Three sites located on the French Atlantic coast were monitored monthly (twice each month during summer) for 1 year. Environmental parameters were surveyed (water temperature, salinity, turbidity, chlorophyll a) and bacteria were detected by culture and identified by API 20E® systems (BioMérieux) and PCR. A total of seven species were detected (Grimontia hollisae, Photobacterium damselae, Vibrio alginolyticus, V. cholerae, V. fluvialis, V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus) and species diversity was higher at the end of summer. Surprisingly, V. cholerae non‐O1/non‐O139 was detected in spring. No site effect was detected. Using Sørensen similarity indices and statistical analyses, we showed that chlorophyll a had a significant influence on the bacterial community detected in mussels and assemblages were more similar to one another when chlorophyll a values were above 20 µg l−1. No significant effect of any parameter was found on the community detected in water samples. Such surveys are essential for the understanding of sanitary crises and detection of emerging pathogens.
Diversity and distribution of cholix toxin, a novel ADP‐ribosylating factor from Vibrio cholerae
Authors: Purdy Alexandra E. , Balch Deborah , Lizárraga‐Partida Marcial Leonardo , Islam Mohammad Sirajul , Martinez‐Urtaza Jaime , Huq Anwar , Colwell Rita R. , Bartlett Douglas H. 
Published: February 2010

SummaryNon‐toxigenic non‐O1, non‐O139 Vibrio cholerae strains isolated from both environmental and clinical settings carry a suite of virulence factors aside from cholera toxin. Among V. cholerae strains isolated from coastal waters of southern California, this includes cholix toxin, an ADP‐ribosylating factor that is capable of halting protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells. The prevalence of the gene encoding cholix toxin, chxA, was assessed among a collection of 155 diverse V. cholerae strains originating from both clinical and environmental settings in Bangladesh and Mexico and other countries around the globe. The chxA gene was present in 47% of 83 non‐O1, non‐O139 strains and 16% of 72 O1/O139 strains screened as part of this study. A total of 86 chxA gene sequences were obtained, and phylogenetic analysis revealed that they fall into two distinct clades. These two clades were also observed in the phylogenies of several housekeeping genes, suggesting that the divergence observed in chxA extends to other regions of the V. cholerae genome, and most likely has arisen from vertical descent rather than horizontal transfer. Our results clearly indicate that ChxA is a major toxin of V. cholerae with a worldwide distribution that is preferentially associated with non‐pandemic strains.
Convergence of Inexact Iterative Schemes for Nonexpansive Set-Valued Mappings
Authors: Reich Simeon , Zaslavski AlexanderJ 
Published: February 2010

AbstractTaking into account possibly inexact data, we study iterative schemes for approximating fixed points and attractors of contractive and nonexpansive set-valued mappings, respectively. More precisely, we are concerned with the existence of convergent trajectories of nonstationary dynamical systems induced by approximations of a given set-valued mapping.