bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A randomized controlled pilot study into the effects of a restricted elimination diet on family structure in families with ADHD and ODD
Authors: Pelsser Lidy M , van Steijn Daphne J , Frankena Klaas , Toorman Jan , Buitelaar Jan K , Rommelse Nanda N 
Published: February 2012

BackgroundBehavioural improvements of children with attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) following a restricted elimination diet (RED), may be due to concurrent changes in family environment.MethodsTwenty‐four children with ADHD, were randomized to either a 5‐week RED intervention, or a control intervention consisting of healthy food advices in a pilot study.ResultsNo differences in family environment were found, neither at baseline nor when comparing the start and end measurements of both groups.ConclusionsIn this pilot study, the effects of an RED on ADHD and ODD are not mediated by improvement of family environment in families motivated to follow an RED. Replication of this preliminary study in larger groups of children is advised.
Punjabi Sikh Patients’ Perceived Barriers to Engaging in Physical Exercise Following Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Galdas Paul M. , Oliffe John L. , Kang H. Bindy K. , Kelly Mary T. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this research was to describe Punjabi Sikh patients’ perceived barriers to engaging in physical exercise following myocardial infarction (MI).Design and SampleA qualitative, interpretive descriptive methodology was used. The sample included 15 Punjabi Sikh patients who were attending a cardiac rehabilitation education program in an urban center of British Columbia, Canada, following MI.MeasurementsData were collected via semi‐structured interviews and were audio recorded, translated from Punjabi to English, and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using an interpretive thematic approach that involved a process of coding and constant comparison.ResultsFour key factors emerged that related to participants’ perceived barriers to sustained engagement in physical activity: (1) difficulty in determining safe exertion levels independently; (2) fatigue and weakness; (3) preference for ‘informal’ exercise; and (4) migration‐related challenges.ConclusionsThe findings have implications for the design and delivery of health promotion strategies aimed at Punjabi Sikh patients’ post‐MI that is contingent on the use of ‘formal’ exercise settings to promote regular physical activity. The willingness among Punjabi Sikh patients to practise brisk walking offers a positive direction that public health nurses and other healthcare professionals may want to capitalize on in the delivery of exercise‐related health promotion.
Death from Mast Cell Leukemia: A Young Patient with Longstanding Cutaneous Mastocytosis Evolving into Fatal Mast Cell Leukemia
Authors: Chantorn Rattanavalai , Shwayder Tor 
Published: February 2012

Abstract:   Mastocytosis is a broad term used for a group of disorders characterized by accumulation of mast cells in the skin with or without extracutaneous involvement. The clinical spectrum of the disease varies from only cutaneous lesions to highly aggressive systemic involvement such as mast cell leukemia. Mastocytosis can present from birth to adulthood. In children, mastocytosis is usually benign, and there is a good chance of spontaneous regression at puberty, unlike adult‐onset disease, which is generally systemic and more severe. Moreover, individuals with systemic mastocytosis may be at risk of developing hematologic malignancies. We describe a girl who presented to us with a solitary mastocytoma at age 5 and later developed maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis. At age 23, after an episode of anaphylactic shock, a bone marrow examination revealed mast cell leukemia. She ultimately died despite aggressive chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation.
Modern technology calls for a modern approach to classification of epileptic seizures and the epilepsies
Authors: Lüders Hans O. , Amina Shahram , Baumgartner Christopher , Benbadis Selim , Bermeo‐Ovalle Adriana , Devereaux Michael , Diehl Beate , Edwards Jonathan , Baca‐Vaca Guadalupe Fernandez , Hamer Hajo , Ikeda Akio , Kaiboriboon Kitti , Kellinghaus Christoph , Koubeissi Mohamad , Lardizabal David , Lhatoo Samden , Lüders Jürgen , Mani Jayanti , Mayor Luis Carlos , Miller Jonathan , Noachtar Soheyl , Pestana Elia , Rosenow Felix , Sakamoto Americo , Shahid Asim , Steinhoff Bernhard J. , Syed Tanvir , Tanner Adriana , Tsuji Sadatoshi 
Published: February 2012

SummaryIn the last 10–15 years the ILAE Commission on Classification and Terminology has been presenting proposals to modernize the current ILAE Classification of Epileptic Seizures and Epilepsies. These proposals were discussed extensively in a series of articles published recently inEpilepsiaandEpilepsy Currents. There is almost universal consensus that the availability of new diagnostic techniques as also of a modern understanding of epilepsy calls for a complete revision of the Classification of Epileptic Seizures and Epilepsies. Unfortunately, however, the Commission is still not prepared to take a bold step ahead and completely revisit our approach to classification of epileptic seizures and epilepsies. In this manuscript we critically analyze the current proposals of the Commission and make suggestions for a classification system that reflects modern diagnostic techniques and our current understanding of epilepsy.
Good Death in Elderly Adults with Cancer in Japan Based on Perspectives of the General Population
Authors: Akechi Tatsuo , Miyashita Mitsunori , Morita Tatsuya , Okuyama Toru , Sakamoto Masaki , Sagawa Ryuichi , Uchitomi Yosuke 
Published: February 2012

ObjectivesTo investigate concepts relevant to a good death in elderly adults with cancer.DesignCross‐sectional.SettingJapan.ParticipantsA national sample of 2,595 adults, including 466 aged 70 to 79.MeasurementsAn anonymous questionnaire covering 18 domains (physical and psychological comfort, dying in a favorite place, good relationship with medical staff, maintaining hope and pleasure, not being a burden to others, good relationship with family, physical and cognitive control, environmental comfort, being respected as an individual, life completion, natural death, preparation for death, role accomplishment and contribution to others, unawareness of death, fighting against cancer, pride and beauty, control over the future, and religious and spiritual comfort) and two additional concepts (pokkuri (sudden death) and omakase (leaving the decisions to a medical expert) was completed. The difference in importance of the concept between two age groups (40–69 and 70–79) was investigated using effect sizes (ESs).ResultsClinically significant differences in the concept of good death were observed for two domains and one component: not being a burden to others (ES = −0.24), role accomplishment and contribution to others (ES = 0.29), and omakase (leaving the decisions to a medical expert; ES = 0.60).ConclusionOnly a few differences in the concept of good death existed between elderly and younger adults. When caring for terminally ill elderly Japanese adults, medical staff should acknowledge that some elderly adults value the traditional paternalistic attitude of physicians and that not all people want to be actively involved in decision‐making.
L‐asparaginase inhibits invasive and angiogenic activity and induces autophagy in ovarian cancer
Authors: Yu Minshu , Henning Ryan , Walker Amanda , Kim Geoffrey , Perroy Alyssa , Alessandro Riccardo , Virador Victoria , Kohn Elise C. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractRecent work identified L‐asparaginase (L‐ASP) as a putative therapeutic target for ovarian cancer. We suggest that L‐ASP, a dysregulator of glycosylation, would interrupt the local microenvironment, affecting the ovarian cancer cell—endothelial cell interaction and thus angiogenesis without cytotoxic effects. Ovarian cancer cell lines and human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC) were exposed to L‐ASP at physiologically attainable concentrations and subjected to analyses of endothelial tube formation, invasion, adhesion and the assessment of sialylated proteins involved in matrix‐associated and heterotypic cell adhesion. Marked reduction in HMVEC tube formation in vitro, HMVEC and ovarian cancer cell invasion, and heterotypic cell‐cell and cell‐matrix adhesion was observed (P < 0.05–0.0001). These effects were associated with reduced binding to ß1integrin, activation of FAK, and cell surface sialyl LewisX (sLex) expression. No reduction in HMVEC E‐selectin expression was seen consistent with the unidirectional inhibitory actions observed. L‐ASP concentrations were non‐toxic to either ovarian cancer or HMVEC lines in the time frame of the assays. However, early changes of autophagy were observed in both cell types with induction of ATG12, beclin‐1, and cleavage of LC‐3, indicating cell injury did occur. These data and the known mechanism of action of L‐ASP on glycosylation of nascent proteins suggest that L‐ASP reduces of ovarian cancer dissemination and progression through modification of its microenvironment. The reduction of ovarian cancer cell surface sLex inhibits interaction with HMVEC and thus HMVEC differentiation into tubes, inhibits interaction with the local matrix reducing invasive behaviour, and causes cell injury initiating autophagy in tumour and vascular cells.
Assessment of the effect of Advanced Paediatric Life Support training on level of self‐perceived preparedness among health‐care workers in Cambodia
Authors: Dhingra Prateek , Ngeth Pises , Prak Manila , Ung Setthy 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjective: The objective of this study was to survey the self‐perceived preparedness of Cambodia's Advanced Paediatric Life Support (APLS) providers towards their APLS training and accreditation 5 years post‐implementation.Methods: A cross‐sectional survey was administered in December 2009 to APLS providers who had been trained throughout the 5 year period from December 2005 to May 2009.Results: One hundred and two (93%) APLS providers responded. The median rating for their original APLS learning experience was 6 out of 10, and the reported median recall of the APLS teaching content was 7 out of 10. Since their training, 80% had managed a child in cardiac arrest, 85% a child with serious illness and 72% with serious injury. Their subjective preparedness from APLS training for each of the three resuscitation types, on a scale of 1–10, were medians of 7, 7 and 6, respectively. For all groups, perceived preparedness for all three resuscitation types did not differ despite varying lengths of time from their original training.Conclusion: APLS training has increased the self‐perceived preparedness of paediatric health‐care workers in Cambodia. Results indicate moderate relevance to real patient resuscitations experienced by health workers, and the perceived recall of the teachings and sense of preparation from APLS training does not significantly decline over time. However, our results suggest subsequent further APLS instructor courses might maintain resuscitation preparedness.
How useful are the Heart Foundation risk criteria for assessment of emergency department patients with chest pain?
Authors: Kelly Anne‐Maree 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjective: To investigate the prognostic utility of Heart Foundation (Australia) risk stratification table in an ED chest pain population.Methods: A planned sub‐study of a prospective observational study of adult patients with potentially cardiac chest pain who underwent evaluation for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) was conducted. Data collected included demographical, clinical, ECG, biomarker and outcome data. Outcome of interest was diagnostic utility of the classification system for ACS or myocardial infarction (MI) at index presentation and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) within 7 and 30 days. MACE included death, cardiac arrest, revascularization, cardiogenic shock, arrhythmia and prevalent (cause of presentation) and incident (occurring within the follow‐up period) MI. Analysis was by descriptive and receiver–operator curve analyses.Results: Seven hundred and sixty‐eight patients were studied; 109 had MI (14.2%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 11.9–16.8%). There were 88 MACE at 7 days (13.5%, 95% CI 11.1–16.4%) and 93 MACE at 30 days (14.4%%, 95% CI 11.9–17.3%). Diagnostic performance (c‐statistic) of the National Heart Foundation risk classification for ACS, MI, 7 and 30 day MACE was 0.74 for each (95% CI 0.71–0.77). Although sensitivity of the high‐risk classification for MI, 7 and 30 day MACE was high (99–100%), specificity was low (48–50%).Conclusion: The Heart Foundation risk classification shows only fair predictive performance for MI, 7 and 30 day MACE. With specificity of approximately 50%, the recommendation for coronary care admission for all high‐risk patients is hard to justify.
Dynamic Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage Induced by Oestrogen Deficiency and Protective Effects of Puerarin and 17β‐Oestradiol in Ovariectomized Rats
Authors: Tang Xu‐Lei , Liu Xiao‐Ju , Tian Quan , Zhang Wei 
Published: February 2012

AbstractOxidative stress plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and osteoporosis resulting from oestrogen deficiency in the postmenopausal period. In this report, we observed a dynamic change of oxidative stress and DNA damage after ovariectomy in female rats. We then compared phytoestrogen puerarin and 17β‐oestradiol (E2) in their effects on oestrogen deficiency‐induced oxidative stress and DNA damage. Serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA) and lymphocytes DNA damage (comet%) were measured. There was a gradual increase in oxidative stress in the ovariectomized (OVX) rats over time after ovariectomy, as compared to rats receiving sham operation. OVX rats that were on puerarin and E2 showed increased TAC and decreased MDA in the serum, as well as decreased lymphocytes comet%. Puerarin appeared to have a more powerful protective effect on DNA oxidative damage than E2. The study indicates that postmenopausal women may benefit from phytoestrogen puerarin.
Phthalocyanine Thio‐Pyridinium Derivatives as Antibacterial Photosensitizers†
Authors: Pereira Joana B. , Carvalho Eliana F. A. , Faustino Maria A. F. , Fernandes Rosa , Neves Maria G. P. M. S. , Cavaleiro José A. S. , Gomes Newton C. M. , Cunha Ângela , Almeida Adelaide , Tomé João P. C. 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTThis study describes the synthesis of three new tetra‐ and octa‐thio‐pyridinium phthalocyanine derivatives. PSs 3a and 4a were prepared from the tetramerization of phthalonitriles 1 and 2, respectively, whereas PS 5 was prepared from the nucleophilic substitution of the 8 beta fluor atoms of hexadecafluorophthalocyaninatozinc(II) by mercaptopyridine, followed by cationization. The recombinant bioluminescent Escherichia coli strain was used to assess, in real time, the photoinactivation efficiency of these cationic phthalocyanines, under white and red light. The cellular localization and uptake were also determined to assess the potential of the new phthalocyanines as antibacterial agents. Derivative 3a was the most effective PS, causing a 5 logs reduction in bioluminescence after 30 min of irradiation under white or red lights. The photoinactivation efficiency of the phthalocyanine 4a was similar (5 logs reduction in bioluminescence) to that of 3a when irradiated with white light, but the efficiency of inactivation was reduced (2.1 logs reduction in bioluminescence) under red light. The tetra‐substituted phthalocyanine 3a also generates high amounts of singlet oxygen, does not aggregate in PBS and is highly fluorescent, which makes it an effective PS and a promising fluorescent labeling.
Is obesity an indicator of complications and mortality in acute pancreatitis? An updated meta‐analysis
Authors: CHEN Su Mei , XIONG Guang Su , WU Shu Ming 
Published: February 2012

OBJECTIVE:  To provide a meta‐analyisis on whether obesity could be a prognostic indicator on the severity, development of complications and mortality of acute pancreatitis (AP).METHODS:  Eligible articles were retrieved using electronic databases. Clinical studies evaluating the association between obesity and disease course of patients with AP were included. Weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated and pooled using RevMan 4.2.8.RESULTS:  In all, 12 clinical studies with a total of 1483 patients were included in the analysis. Obese patients had a significantly increased risk of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP; RR = 2.20, 95% CI 1.82–2.66, P < 0.05), local complication (RR = 2.68, 95% CI 2.09–3.43, P < 0.05), systemic complication (RR = 2.14, 95% CI 1.42–3.21, P < 0.05) and in‐hospital mortality (RR = 2.59, 95% CI 1.66–4.03, P < 0.05) compared with non‐obese patients.CONCLUSIONS:  Obesity is a definite risk factor of morbidity and in‐hospital mortality for AP and may serve as a prognostic indicator.
How to sell Russian gas to Europe via Ukraine?
Authors: Chernavsky Sergei , Eismont Oleg 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIn recent years, the problems of Russian gas supplies to Europe got quite serious as the events of January 2009 have shown. From an economic point of view, the sources of these problems are the monopoly of Ukraine as a transit country, on one hand, and Russian monopoly on supplies of gas to Ukraine, on the other. The paper analyses different schemes of supplying Russian gas to Europe and Ukraine. It is shown that under existing agreements on supplies of Russian gas to Europe, Ukraine does not take proper advantage of its position as a monopoly transit country. On its part, Russia could benefit by setting the price of gas supplied to Ukraine as a function of transit tariff set by Ukraine.
CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, DIABETES MELLITUS AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: RISKS AND COMMONALITIES
Authors: Suckling Rebecca , Gallagher Hugh 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYThe prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing worldwide. CKD and diabetes are important risk factors for cardiovascular disease and all three conditions are key components of the multiple morbidities increasingly evident as population age in the developed world. Shared risk factors, both traditional and nontraditional, contribute to these associations, and are important targets for public health and both primary and secondary care. Prevention and early detection in combination with a holistic approach to vascular care will be key to improving outcomes and reducing costs. Routine reporting of estimated glomerular filtration rate to aid early identification, risk stratification through quantitative proteinuria testing, appropriate use of renin‐angiotensin system antagonists and optimal blood pressure control are important strategies to improve the care of people with or at risk of CKD.
EXERCISE IN KIDNEY DISEASE AND DIABETES: TIME FOR ACTION
Authors: Smith Alice C. , Burton James O. 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYPhysical inactivity is well recognised as a major health issue in today's society. Regular exercise is important in maintaining health and preventing chronic disease, it is increasingly accepted as a valuable therapeutic intervention in many long‐term conditions. Unfortunately the role of physical activity in renal disease has been largely overlooked and provision of exercise advice and rehabilitation programmes for kidney patients lags well behind that of cardiology and pulmonary services. Research indicates that exercise can impact positively upon many of the health issues associated with declining renal function and renal replacement therapy, as concluded by a recent Cochrane review on the topic. As exercise should be integral to the management of diabetes, the issue is particularly relevant for patients with diabetic kidney disease. This paper summarises what is known about the main effects of exercise training in chronic kidney disease and diabetic kidney disease, and suggests how adaptations in the attitudes and approaches of the multidisciplinary renal and diabetes healthcare teams can help patients to enjoy the diverse benefits of an appropriately active lifestyle.
FOOT PROBLEMS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Authors: Valabhji Jonathan 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYThere is a much higher incidence of diabetic foot disease in those with concurrent renal disease and outcomes, including amputation and mortality, are generally poorer. The risk factors contributing to the higher incidence of foot disease in those with both diabetes and renal disease are outlined, and the evidence explored demonstrating higher incidence of foot disease across categories of renal disease, including impaired renal function (chronic kidney disease stages 3 and 4), haemodialysis, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, renal transplantation and simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation. Three major pathological aspects of diabetic foot disease in which concurrent renal disease either contributes to a higher incidence, or modifies the clinical manifestations and outcomes, are described: ulceration; Charcot neuroarthropathy and necrotic toes. Pathophysiology, clinical features and management strategies for these three conditions are described. Finally, the evidence for preventative strategies for foot disease is explored, and the important role of speed of access to specialist multi‐disciplinary diabetic foot services discussed.
Effect of ageing on left ventricular compliance and distensibility in healthy sedentary humans
Authors: Fujimoto Naoki , Hastings Jeffrey L. , Bhella Paul S. , Shibata Shigeki , Gandhi Nainesh K. , Carrick‐Ranson Graeme , Palmer Dean , Levine Benjamin D. 
Published: February 2012

Key points
Healthy sedentary ageing leads to stiffening of the heart; however, when this process occurs during ageing has been unknown.
In this study, 70 healthy sedentary subjects were stratified into four groups: ‘young’– G21−34: 21–34 years; ‘early middle‐age’– G35−49: 35–49 years; ‘late middle‐age’– G50−64: 50–64 years; and ‘seniors’– G≥65: ≥65 years.
Invasive catheter measurements showed a substantially greater left ventricular (LV) compliance (more flexible/less stiff) in G21−34 than G50−64 and G≥65.
Although LV chamber compliance in G50−64 and G≥65 appeared identical, pressure–volume curves were shifted leftward, exhibiting a smaller volume for any given pressure with increasing age.
Our results suggest that LV stiffening with ageing occurs during the transition between youth and middle‐age and becomes manifest between the ages of 50–64; LV volume contraction and remodelling follow in the senior years. Early–late middle age thus may represent a ‘sweet spot’ when interventions to prevent stiff ageing hearts may be most effective.