bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alzheimer disease–related biomarkers and cancer-related cognitive decline: the Thinking and Living with Cancer study
Authors: Mandelblatt Jeanne , Dage Jeffrey L , Zhou Xingtao , Small Brent J , Ahles Tim A , Ahn Jaeil , Artese Ashley , Bethea Traci N , Breen Elizabeth C , Carroll Judith E , Cohen Harvey J , Extermann Martine , Graham Deena , Claudine Isaacs , Jim Heather S L , McDonald Brenna C , Nakamura Zev M , Patel Sunita K , Rebeck G William , Rentscher Kelly E , Root James C , Russ Kristen A , Tometich Danielle B , Turner R Scott , Van Dyk Kathleen , Zhai Wanting , Huang Li-Wen , Saykin Andrew J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose
We evaluated whether plasma Alzheimer disease (AD)–related biomarkers were associated with cancer-related cognitive decline among older breast cancer survivors.

Methods
We included survivors aged 60-90 years with primary stage 0-III breast cancers (n = 236) and frequency-matched noncancer control paricipant (n = 154) who passed a cognitive screen and had banked plasma specimens. Participants were assessed at baseline (presystemic therapy) and annually for up to 60 months. Cognition was measured using tests of attention, processing speed, and executive function and learning and memory; perceived cognition was measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cognitive Function v3 Perceived Cognitive Impairments. Baseline plasma neurofilament light, glial fibrillary acidic protein, β-amyloid 42 and 40 and phosphorylated tau 181 were assayed using single molecule arrays. Mixed models tested associations between cognition and baseline AD biomarkers, time, group (survivor vs control participant), and their 2- and 3-way interactions, controlling for age, race, Wide Range 4 Achievement Test Word Reading score, comorbidity, and body mass index; 2-sided P values of .05 were considered statistically significant.

Results
There were no group differences in baseline AD-related biomarkers except survivors had higher baseline neurofilament light levels than control participants (P = .013). Survivors had lower adjusted longitudinal attention, processing speed, and executive function than control participants starting from baseline and continuing over time (P ≤ .002). However, baseline AD-related biomarker levels were not independently associated with adjusted cognition over time, except control participants had lower attention, processing speed, and executive function scores with higher glial fibrillary acidic protein levels (P = .008).

Conclusion
The results do not support a relationship between baseline AD-related biomarkers and cancer-related cognitive decline. Further investigation is warranted to confirm the findings, test effects of longitudinal changes in AD-related biomarkers, and examine other mechanisms and factors affecting cognition presystemic therapy.
‘If I Knew How to Speak English…’: How language shapes refugee mothers’ perceptions of past, present, and future in Canada
Authors: Omar Laila 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
What role does language learning play in refugees’ memory-construction on the one hand, and imagining of the future self on the other? Using a temporal perspective on migration, I extend scholarship examining the role of language in the space-time continuum of resettlement. With three waves of semi-structured interviews with twenty Syrian refugee mothers (N = 60) who have recently arrived in Canada, this article examines how their experiences with time and future projections are influenced by their experiences of language learning in the host country. First, mothers’ lack of English proficiency and struggle to learn leads to a sense of nostalgia towards the past, where their proficiency in Arabic is associated with past feelings of comfort, security, and mastery. In addition, mothers find themselves ‘stuck’ in the present, where multiple structural barriers (e.g., absence of extended kin; limited government support) and individual challenges (e.g., health issues; having children with disability) significantly slow down their language acquisition process and prevent them from achieving other goals. This leads to a clear conflict between government expectations for the long-term future and the mothers’ immediate priorities. Finally, despite those government temporal expectations building on newcomers’ language acquisition, mothers do not want to envision the future due to past experiences of uncertainty, belief in divine control, and a foreclosure of the future. This article demonstrates the ways in which language, space, and time co-construct notions of the future, and a sense of potential ‘stuckness,’ well beyond the temporal limits of intensive state intervention in refugee lives.
Direct and vicarious administrative burden: Experiences of UK public services as Homes for Ukraine host
Authors: Tomlinson Joe , Kasoulide Eleana , Meers Jed , Halliday Simon 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article shows, through a study of hosts’ experiences of the UK’s Homes for Ukraine scheme, the ways in which sponsoring refugees can impose burdens on sponsors by virtue of the state’s administrative processes. Specifically, it shows how sponsors incur learning, compliance, and psychological costs from administrative burdens and that these burdens are encountered both directly, through their own engagements with public bodies, and vicariously, through the experiences of their guests. The article thus makes a significant contribution to the understanding of the ground-level experience of refugee sponsorship while also expanding the burgeoning theory of administrative burden by demonstrating the relevance of burdens experienced vicariously.
Re-weighting the randomized controlled trial for generalization: finite-sample error and variable selection
Authors: Colnet Bénédicte , Josse Julie , Varoquaux Gaël , Scornet Erwan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) may suffer from limited scope. In particular, samples may be unrepresentative: some RCTs over- or under-sample individuals with certain characteristics compared to the target population, for which one wants conclusions on treatment effectiveness. Re-weighting trial individuals to match the target population can improve the treatment effect estimation. In this work, we establish the expressions of the bias and variance of such re-weighting procedures—also called inverse propensity of sampling weighting (IPSW)—in presence of categorical covariates for any sample size. Such results allow us to compare the theoretical performance of different versions of IPSW estimates. Besides, our results show how the performance (bias, variance, and quadratic risk) of IPSW estimates depends on the two sample sizes (RCT and target population). A by-product of our work is the proof of consistency of IPSW estimates. In addition, we analyse how including covariates that are not necessary for identifiability of the causal effect may impact the asymptotic variance. Including covariates that are shifted between the two samples but not treatment-effect modifiers increases the variance while non-shifted but treatment-effect modifiers do not. We illustrate all the takeaways in a didactic example, and on a semi-synthetic simulation inspired from critical care medicine.
Bayesian causal forests for multivariate outcomes: application to Irish data from an international large scale education assessment
Authors: McJames Nathan , O’Shea Ann , Goh Yong Chen , Parnell Andrew 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Bayesian Causal Forests (BCF) is a causal inference machine learning model based on the flexible non-parametric regression and classification tool, Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART). Motivated by data from the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), which includes data on student achievement in both mathematics and science, we present a multivariate extension of the BCF algorithm. With the help of simulation studies, we show that our approach can accurately estimate causal effects for multiple outcomes subject to the same treatment. We apply our model to Irish data from TIMSS 2019. Our findings reveal the positive effects of having access to a study desk at home (Mathematics ATE 95% CI: [−0.50, 10.14]) while also highlighting the negative consequences of students often feeling hungry at school (Mathematics ATE 95% CI: [−8.86, −1.56] , Science ATE 95% CI: [−10.35, −0.94]) or often being absent (Mathematics ATE 95% CI: [−11.88, −2.27]). Code for replicating the results can be found at https://github.com/Nathan-McJames/MVBCF-Paper.
Dynamic factor models for binary data in circular spaces: an application to the US Supreme Court
Authors: Lei Rayleigh , Rodriguez Abel 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Latent factor models are widely used in the social and behavioural sciences as scaling tools to map discrete multivariate outcomes into low-dimensional, continuous scales. In political science, dynamic versions of classical factor models have been widely used to study the evolution of justices’ preferences in multi-judge courts. In this paper, we discuss a new dynamic factor model that relies on a latent circular space that can accommodate voting behaviours in which justices commonly understood to be on opposite ends of the ideological spectrum vote together on a substantial number of otherwise closely divided opinions. We apply this model to data on nonunanimous decisions made by the US Supreme Court between 1937 and 2021, and show that for most of this period, voting patterns can be better described by a circular latent space.
Spatially resolved spectroscopic observations of gas emission in dwarf galaxies hosting accreting black hole candidate
Authors: Heckler Kelly F , Riffel Rogemar A , Ricci Tiago V 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Recent studies on dwarf galaxies reveal that some of them harbour a massive black hole (BH), which is believed to have a similar mass of the supermassive BH ‘seeds’ at early times. The origin and growth of the primitive BHs are still open questions, since these BH seeds are hardly observed at high redshifts. Therefore, MBH of dwarf galaxies can be the perfect candidates to untangle BH ‘seeds’ properties and their influence on their host galaxy evolution, since MBH may preserve their initial conditions due to its quiet merger and accretion histories. We use optical integral field unit observations, obtained with the Gemini GMOS-IFU, to study the gas emission and kinematics in four dwarf galaxies, candidates to host MBH, based on the analysis of their [Fe x] luminosities measured from SDSS spectra. The [Fe x] emission line is not detected in our GMOS in any of the galaxies, prompting speculation that its absence in our recent data may stem from a past tidal disruption event coinciding with the observation period of the SDSS data. All galaxies exhibit extended gas emissions, and the spatially resolved emission-line ratio diagnostic diagrams present values that suggest active galactic nuclei (AGN) photoionization from the [S ii]–BPT diagram. The gas velocity fields of all galaxies are indicative of disturbed rotation patterns, with no detection of gas outflows in any of the sources. Although the [S ii]–BPT diagrams indicate AGN photoionization, further confirmation through multiwavelength observations is required to validate this scenario.
A search for transient, monochromatic light in a 6-deg swath along the galactic plane
Authors: Marcy Geoffrey W , Tellis Nathaniel K 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
We searched the Milky Way Plane along a 6-deg swath for pulses of monochromatic light as faint as 15th mag (V band) using a wide-field telescope equipped with a prism. Pulses with duration less than 1 s that occur more often than once every 10 min would be detected, and pulses arriving less frequently would be detected with proportionally lower probability. A ‘difference-image’ algorithm revealed 36 monochromatic sources. Subsequent assessment showed all were simply astrophysical objects emitting known atomic emission lines. No unexplainable monochromatic emission, pulsed or continuous, was detected. The detection threshold corresponds to an ∼70 GW laser having a diffraction-limited 10-m aperture 1 kpc away (depending on wavelength). Past all-sky optical and radio-wave surveys revealed thousands of unexpected objects exhibiting extraordinary spectral emission, but none were technological. Hypotheses of our Milky Way Galaxy teeming with advanced life must be demoted.
The influence of ionized gas kinematics on H ii galaxies – the cases of Tol 1004-296 and Tol 0957-278
Authors: Plana Henri , Alves Vitor G , Carvalho Maiara S 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Blue compact galaxies, also known as H ii galaxies, are dwarf, star-forming objects with relatively simple dynamics, which allows for the investigation of star formation mechanisms in a cleaner manner compared to late-type objects. In this study, we have examined various characteristics of the interstellar medium, in connection with the kinematics and dynamics of ionized gas, in Tol 1004-296 and Tol 0957-278. These two objects were observed using the SOAR Integral Field Spectrometer (SIFS) attached to the Southern Observatory for Astrophysical Research (SOAR). Both galaxies were observed with two gratings: one with medium resolution for monochromatic and abundance maps, and another with high resolution for kinematics and profile analysis. Additionally, we conducted an analysis on the velocity and velocity dispersion maps using intensity–velocity dispersion (I-σ) and velocity–velocity dispersion (Vr-σ) diagrams. Neither object exhibits a rotation pattern, and only Tol 1004-296 shows a velocity gradient between the two principal knots. However, the study reveals the significant role played by velocity dispersion in the star formation process. Specifically, we identified a relationship between monochromatic intensity, metallicity, and velocity dispersion, where high emission corresponds to low metallicity and low velocity dispersion. Tol 1004-296, in particular, exhibits a distinctive linear high velocity dispersion pattern between the two main knots, suggesting that both star formation sites are pushing the gas in opposite directions.
An accurate and realistic polarization model for night-sky brightness
Authors: Kocifaj M , Markoš P , Kundracik F , Barentine J C , Wallner S 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Most measurements of the diffuse light of the night sky to date consider only the intensity of the light field, and current models can successfully reproduce these measurements. However, this approach is incomplete as it overlooks the polarization state of the light. Few measurements (and no successful models) of night-sky polarimetry appear in the literature. We present a new model of night-sky polarization that successfully reproduces observations in a heterogeneous environment and for a real distribution of finite-sized light sources over the intermediate region surrounding the observer. The model compares favourably with field measurements made in Slovakia in 2021 May. The results described herein help advance understanding of the angular distributions of artificial light at night from ground sources and the relative contributions of sources to the overall brightness of the night sky.
Severe Bottleneck Impacted the Genomic Structure of Egg-Eating Cichlids in Lake Victoria
Authors: Imamoto Minami , Nakamura Haruna , Aibara Mitsuto , Hatashima Ryo , Kimirei Ismael A , Kashindye Benedicto B , Itoh Takehiko , Nikaido Masato 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Within 15,000 years, the explosive adaptive radiation of haplochromine cichlids in Lake Victoria, East Africa, generated 500 endemic species. In the 1980s, the upsurge of Nile perch, a carnivorous fish artificially introduced to the lake, drove the extinction of more than 200 endemic cichlids. The Nile perch predation particularly harmed piscivorous cichlids, including paedophages, cichlids eat eggs and fries, which is an example of the unique trophic adaptation seen in African cichlids. Here, aiming to investigate past demographic events possibly triggered by the invasion of Nile perch and the subsequent impacts on the genetic structure of cichlids, we conducted large-scale comparative genomics. We discovered evidence of recent bottleneck events in 4 species, including 2 paedophages, which began during the 1970s to 1980s, and population size rebounded during the 1990s to 2000s. The timing of the bottleneck corresponded to the historical records of endemic haplochromines” disappearance and later resurgence, which is likely associated with the introduction of Nile perch by commercial demand to Lake Victoria in the 1950s. Interestingly, among the 4 species that likely experienced bottleneck, Haplochromis sp. “matumbi hunter,” a paedophagous cichlid, showed the most severe bottleneck signatures. The components of shared ancestry inferred by ADMIXTURE suggested a high genetic differentiation between matumbi hunter and other species. In contrast, our phylogenetic analyses highly supported the monophyly of the 5 paedophages, consistent with the results of previous studies. We conclude that high genetic differentiation of matumbi hunter occurred due to the loss of shared genetic components among haplochromines in Lake Victoria caused by the recent severe bottleneck.
Murine uterine gland branching is necessary for gland function in implantation
Authors: Granger Katrina , Fitch Sarah , Shen May , Lloyd Jarrett , Bhurke Aishwarya , Hancock Jonathan , Ye Xiaoqin , Arora Ripla 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Uterine glands are branched, tubular structures whose secretions are essential for pregnancy success. It is known that pre-implantation glandular expression of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is crucial for embryo implantation; however, the contribution of uterine gland structure to gland secretions, such as LIF, is not known. Here, we use mice deficient in estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) signaling to uncover the role of ESR1 signaling in gland branching and the role of a branched structure in LIF secretion and embryo implantation. We observed that deletion of ESR1 in neonatal uterine epithelium, stroma, and muscle using the progesterone receptor PgrCre causes a block in uterine gland development at the gland bud stage. Embryonic epithelial deletion of ESR1 using a Müllerian duct Cre line, Pax2Cre, displays gland bud elongation but a failure in gland branching. Reduction of ESR1 in adult uterine epithelium using the lactoferrin-Cre (LtfCre) displays normally branched uterine glands. Unbranched glands from Pax2Cre Esr1flox/flox uteri fail to express glandular pre-implantation Lif, preventing implantation chamber formation and embryo alignment along the uterine mesometrial–antimesometrial axis. In contrast, branched glands from LtfCre Esr1flox/flox uteri display reduced expression of ESR1 and glandular Lif resulting in delayed implantation chamber formation and embryo–uterine axes alignment but mice deliver a normal number of pups. Finally, pre-pubertal unbranched glands in control mice express Lif in the luminal epithelium but fail to express Lif in the glandular epithelium, even in the presence of estrogen. These data strongly suggest that branched glands are necessary for pre-implantation glandular Lif expression for implantation success. Our study is the first to identify a relationship between the branched structure and secretory function of uterine glands and provides a framework for understanding how uterine gland structure–function contributes to pregnancy success.
Efficacy and safety of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors for systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: A systematic review
Authors: Ishikawa Takashi , Nishimura Kenichi , Okamoto Nami , Akamine Keiji , Inoue Natsumi , Irabu Hitoshi , Kato Kentaro , Keino Hiroshi , Kojima Masayo , Kubo Hiroshi , Maruyama Kazuichi , Mizuta Mao , Shabana Kosuke , Shimizu Masaki , Sugita Yuko , Takakuwa Yukiko , Takanashi Satoshi , Takase Hiroshi , Umebayashi Hiroaki , Umezawa Natsuka , Yamanishi Shingo , Yamazaki Kazuko , Yashiro Masato , Yasumi Takahiro , Mori Masaaki 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
This systematic review assessed the efficacy and safety of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors in patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).

Methods
Studies were searched using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Ichushi-Web, and clinical trial registries (from 2000 to 2021). The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias version 2 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and the manual of Minds for observational studies.

Results
One RCT and 22 observational studies were included. In the RCT on infliximab, the American College of Rheumatology pediatric (ACR Pedi) 30/50/70 responses at 14 weeks were 63.8%/50.0%/22.4%, with relative risks of 1.30 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.94–1.79]/1.48 (95% CI: 0.95–2.29)/1.89 (95% CI: 0.81–4.40), respectively. In the observational studies, ACR Pedi 30/50/70 responses for etanercept at 12 months were 76.7%/64.7%/46.4%, respectively. Infliximab treatment caused anaphylaxis in 17% and an infusion reaction in 23% of patients. The incidence of macrophage activation syndrome, serious infection, and malignancy caused by TNF inhibitors was 0–4%.

Conclusions
Thus, although TNF inhibitors were relatively safe, they were unlikely to be preferentially administered in patients with systemic JIA because of their inadequate efficacy. Further studies, especially well-designed RCTs, are needed to accumulate clinical data.
Drugst.One — a plug-and-play solution for online systems medicine and network-based drug repurposing
Authors: Maier Andreas , Hartung Michael , Abovsky Mark , Adamowicz Klaudia , Bader Gary D , Baier Sylvie , Blumenthal David B , Chen Jing , Elkjaer Maria L , Garcia-Hernandez Carlos , Helmy Mohamed , Hoffmann Markus , Jurisica Igor , Kotlyar Max , Lazareva Olga , Levi Hagai , List Markus , Lobentanzer Sebastian , Loscalzo Joseph , Malod-Dognin Noel , Manz Quirin , Matschinske Julian , Mee Miles , Oubounyt Mhaned , Pastrello Chiara , Pico Alexander R , Pillich Rudolf T , Poschenrieder Julian M , Pratt Dexter , Pržulj Nataša , Sadegh Sepideh , Saez-Rodriguez Julio , Sarkar Suryadipto , Shaked Gideon , Shamir Ron , Trummer Nico , Turhan Ugur , Wang Rui-Sheng , Zolotareva Olga , Baumbach Jan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In recent decades, the development of new drugs has become increasingly expensive and inefficient, and the molecular mechanisms of most pharmaceuticals remain poorly understood. In response, computational systems and network medicine tools have emerged to identify potential drug repurposing candidates. However, these tools often require complex installation and lack intuitive visual network mining capabilities. To tackle these challenges, we introduce Drugst.One, a platform that assists specialized computational medicine tools in becoming user-friendly, web-based utilities for drug repurposing. With just three lines of code, Drugst.One turns any systems biology software into an interactive web tool for modeling and analyzing complex protein-drug-disease networks. Demonstrating its broad adaptability, Drugst.One has been successfully integrated with 21 computational systems medicine tools. Available at https://drugst.one, Drugst.One has significant potential for streamlining the drug discovery process, allowing researchers to focus on essential aspects of pharmaceutical treatment research.