bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional Mapping of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Myxoid Liposarcoma
Authors: Negri Tiziana , Virdis Emanuela , Brich Silvia , Bozzi Fabio , Tamborini Elena , Tarantino Eva , Jocollè Genny , Cassinelli Giuliana , Grosso Federica , Sanfilippo Roberta , Casalini Patrizia , Greco Angela , Pierotti Marco A. , Pilotti Silvana 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) and their downstream signaling activation profile in myxoid liposarcomas (MLS) by investigating 14 molecularly profiled tumors: 7 naive and 7 treated with conventional chemotherapy/radiotherapy or the new drug trabectedin.
Experimental Design: Frozen and matched formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded material from surgical specimens were analyzed using biochemical, molecular, and molecular/cytogenetic approaches, complemented by immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy.
Results: In the absence of any RTK and downstream effector deregulation, the naive cases revealed epidermal growth factor receptor, platelet-derived growth factor receptor B, RET, and MET activation sustained by autocrine/paracrine loops, and RTK cross-talk as a result of heterodimerization. Interestingly, RET and MET activation seems to play a major role in the pathogenesis of MLS by involving different targets through different mechanisms. RET activation (which may activate MET) involves the tumoral vascular component by means of RET/MET cross-talk and VEGFA (vascular endothelial growth factor A)/GFRα3 (glial cell–derived neurotrophic factor family receptor α3)/artemin–mediated signaling as revealed by VEGF receptor 2/RET coimmunoprecipitation. MET activation involves the cellular tumor component by means of a direct ligand-dependent loop and indirect GFRα3 (RET coreceptor)/artemin–mediated signaling. About downstream signaling, the association of AKT activation with the round cell variant is interesting. No relevant changes in the original RTK activation profiles were observed in the posttreatment cases, a finding that is in keeping with the nontargeted treatments used.
Conclusions: These findings highlight the particular cell-specific activation profile of RET/GFRα3 and MET in MLS, and the close correlation between AKT activation and the round cell variant, thus opening up new therapeutic perspectives for MET/AKT inhibitors and antagonistic small molecules binding GFRα3. Clin Cancer Res; 16(14); 3581–93. ©2010 AACR.
Chondrocyte Rather Than Osteoblast Conversion of Vascular Cells Underlies Medial Calcification in Uremic Rats
Authors: Neven Ellen , Persy Veerle , Dauwe Simonne , De Schutter Tineke , De Broe Marc E. , D'Haese Patrick C. 
Published: June 2010

Objective—To investigate cell biological changes in calcified aortas of rats that experienced chronic renal failure.Methods and Results—Vascular smooth muscle cells have the potential to transdifferentiate to either chondrocytes or osteoblasts, depending on the molecular pathways that are stimulated. Uremia-related medial calcification was induced by feeding rats an adenine low-protein diet for 4 weeks. Aortic calcification was evaluated biochemically and histochemically and with in vivo micro–computed tomographic scanning. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR were applied to analyze the time-dependent aortic expression of molecules involved in the segregation between the chondrocyte versus osteoblast differentiation pathway. After 4 weeks, 85% of the uremic rats had developed distinct aortic medial calcification, which increased to severely calcified lesions during further follow-up. The calcification process was accompanied by a significant time-dependent increase in the expression of the chondrocyte-specific markers sex determining region Y-box 9 (sox9), collagen II, and aggrecan and a nonsignificant trend toward enhanced core binding factor alpha 1 (cbfa1), and collagen I. The expression of the osteoblast marker osterix and both lipoprotein receptor–related protein 6 and β-catenin, molecules of the wingless-type MMTV integration site family member (Wnt)/β-catenin pathway induced during osteoblast differentiation, was suppressed.Conclusion—In the aorta of uremic rats, medial smooth muscle cells acquire a chondrocyte rather than osteoblast phenotype during the calcification process.
Cardiomyogenesis in the Adult Human Heart
Authors: Kajstura Jan , Urbanek Konrad , Perl Shira , Hosoda Toru , Zheng Hanqiao , Ogórek Barbara , Ferreira-Martins João , Goichberg Polina , Rondon-Clavo Carlos , Sanada Fumihiro , D'Amario Domenico , Rota Marcello , del Monte Federica , Orlic Donald , Tisdale John , Leri Annarosa , Anversa Piero 
Published: June 2010

RETRACTION
This article has been retracted:

Circ Res
. 2018;123:e00. DOI: 10.1161/RES.0000000000000246
Modified Impingement Test Can Predict the Level of Pain Reduction After Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Oh Joo Han , Kim Sae Hoon , Kim Kyung Hwan , Oh Chung Hee , Gong Hyun Sik 
Published: June 2010

Background: Most patients experience a significant reduction in pain after rotator cuff repair. However, there is currently no method to predict the level of pain reduction that each patient will experience. This report explores the usefulness of the modified impingement test for prognosis in cases of rotator cuff repair. Hypothesis: The amount of pain reduction after injection of lidocaine into the subacromial space preoperatively correlates with the level of pain reduction after rotator cuff repair. Study Design: Cohort study (prognosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Preoperatively, a visual analog scale for pain was measured in 153 patients (59 males and 94 females) with a rotator cuff tear before and after injection of lidocaine into the subacromial space. Subsequently, rotator cuff repair was performed. At least 1 year after surgery, the visual analog scale for pain and satisfaction, Constant score, Simple Shoulder Test, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, and University of California, Los Angeles shoulder rating scale were evaluated. Correlation analyses were performed between the change in visual analog scale after the modified impingement test and after surgery. Results: The amount of pain reduction after the modified impingement test was significantly related to improvement of pain postoperatively ( P < .001), as measured using the visual analog scale for pain. The change in ASES score was also related to the amount of pain reduction after the modified impingement test ( P = .001); however, the other tests showed no statistical significance ( P > .05). Univariate regression analysis revealed that a 0.621-unit reduction in postoperative pain on the visual analog scale could be expected for each 1 unit (on a scale of 10) reduction in pain after lidocaine injection preoperatively. Conclusion: The amount of pain reduction after the modified impingement test preoperatively correlated with the improvement of pain after rotator cuff repair. This simple preoperative test could help patients understand the subjective level of pain reduction that they may experience after rotator cuff repair.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Improves Activity-Induced Pain in Comparison With Pain at Rest in Middle-Aged Patients With Significant Cartilage Degeneration
Authors: Kim Sung-Jae , Park Kwang-Hwan , Kim Sung-Hoon , Kim Sul-Gee , Chun Yong-Min 
Published: June 2010

Background: Recent reports revealed that outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in middle- or old-age patients are comparable with those of young patients. However, in case of concomitant arthrosis in the affected knee, there has been a paucity of literature regarding the outcomes of ACL reconstruction. We studied the level of improvement in pain originating from significant cartilage degeneration in middle-aged ACL-deficient patients after ACL reconstruction. We divided the pain into pain at rest and activity-induced pain. Hypothesis: The activity-induced pain would be more improved by ACL reconstruction than the pain at rest. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: We studied 36 patients who had undergone arthroscopic isolated ACL reconstruction for functional instability with significant cartilage degeneration grade III or IV without mensical injury. All patients had activity-induced pain; 20 of these patients also had pain at rest. To assess the pain level, the visual analog scale (VAS) was employed, in addition to radiologic and clinical evaluations such as the Lachman test, KT-2000 arthrometer, and pivot shift test. The mean age of the patients was 48.6 years (range, 41-61 years); mean follow-up was 46.7 months (range, 27-74 months). Results: The preoperative mean VAS of the activity-induced pain (4.1 ± 1.0; range, 2-6) showed significant improvement at the most recent follow-up (2.0 ± 1.0; range, 0-4; P < .0001). However, the preoperative mean VAS of the pain at rest (2.9 ± 0.9; range, 2-5) did not improve significantly at the most recent follow-up (2.5 ± 0.8; range, 1-4; P = .149). The Lachman test, KT-2000 arthrometer, andpivot shift test showed significant improvement compared with preoperative outcomes ( P < .0001). There was no significant difference in radiologic assessment between preoperative and postoperative outcomes ( P = .082). Conclusion: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in middle-aged patients with significant cartilage degeneration is effective in reducing activity-induced pain and instability. Even though all patients had less than severe arthritic changes on preoperative radiographs, the pain at rest did not improve after ACL reconstruction.
Characteristics of Upper Extremity Injuries Sustained by Falling During Snowboarding
Authors: Yamauchi Koun , Wakahara Kazuhiko , Fukuta Masashi , Matsumoto Kazu , Sumi Hiroshi , Shimizu Katsuji , Miyamoto Kei 
Published: June 2010

Background: Little epidemiological research on characteristics of upper extremity injuries resulting from snowboarding has been conducted, particularly in relation to snowboarding stance, falling direction, and the side of the body where the injury occurs. Hypothesis: Snowboarding stance and the direction of the fall may influence the frequency of the side or the location of the upper extremity injury. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: This study analyzed the information obtained from 1918 patients with fractures or dislocations of the upper extremity (excluding the fingers and scapula) sustained during snowboarding/sliding between 2000 and 2008. Diagnosis, injured part and side, stance (regular or goofy), and falling directions were prospectively analyzed. Associations among these parameters were also analyzed. Results: As characterized by skill level, patients were beginners (57.9%), intermediates (38.0%), and experts (4.0%). Eighty-eight percent had not received instruction from licensed instructors. Diagnoses included wrist fractures (53.7%), upper arm fractures (16.8%), shoulder dislocations (11.5%), and elbow dislocations (9.8%). In sum, 1742 (90.8%) patients were in regular stance when they fell, whereas 176 (9.2%) were in goofy stance. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of the injured side between the 2 stances. When the injured sides were classified according to the sliding direction, wrist fractures (61.7%) occurred on the side opposite the sliding direction, whereas shoulder dislocations (65.6%), upper arm fractures (82.9%), and elbow dislocations (79.8%) occurred on the same side as the sliding direction. When the injured sides were classified according to the falling direction, wrist fractures (68.1%) and elbow dislocations (63.5%) occurred because of backward falls, and shoulder dislocations (68.9%) and upper arm fractures (60.7%) occurred because of forward falls. Conclusion: Two snowboarding stances as well as 2 falling directions had a significant influence on the frequency of the injured side in the upper extremity.
A Biomechanical Analysis of Shoulder Stabilization
Authors: Nho Shane J. , Frank Rachel M. , Van Thiel Geoffrey S. , Wang Fan Chia , Wang Vincent M. , Provencher Matthew T. , Verma Nikhil N. 
Published: June 2010

Background: The use of posterior capsular plication to decrease capsular volume and address capsular laxity for treatment of posterior instability, multidirectional instability, or as an additional technique in the treatment of anterior instability is common. Multiple different suturing techniques have been described. Hypothesis: The simple stitch will have inferior biomechanical properties compared with either the horizontal mattress or figure-of-8 stitches for suture plication of the posteroinferior quadrant of the glenoid. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Twenty-one fresh-frozen shoulders with a mean age of 57.7 ± 12.3 years were randomized into capsulolabral plication of the posteroinferior quadrant using either simple stitch configuration, horizontal mattress configuration, or figure-of-8 configuration. Each shoulder was mounted onto a materials testing machine, preloaded to 5 N for 2 minutes, cycled from 5 to 25 N for 100 cycles (1 Hz), and then loaded to failure at 15 mm/min. Capsular displacement from the glenoid was determined using digital video analysis. Data recorded included mode of failure, ultimate load to failure, load at 2 mm of displacement, as well as displacement during cyclical loading (during the entire 100 cycles and during the final cycle only). Results: There was a statistically significant difference ( P < .0001) in mechanism of failure among the 3 groups with the simple stitch group failing more often in the capsular tissue than in the mattress and figure-of-8 sutures, which more commonly failed at the capsulolabral junction. There was no statistically significant difference ( P > .05) among the 3 groups in gapping (displacement) after cyclical loading, load at 2 mm of displacement, or in ultimate load to failure. Conclusion/Clinical Relevance: Based on these results, all 3 stitches can be used effectively for capsular plication, although the simple stitch may be preferred for the capsular plication because of technical ease and decreased trauma to the capsulolabral tissue.
Retrograde Cancellous Bone Plug Transplantation for the Treatment of Advanced Osteochondral Lesions With Large Subchondral Lesions of the Ankle
Authors: Takao Masato , Innami Ken , Komatsu Fumito , Matsushita Takashi 
Published: June 2010

Background: The surgical results have been reported as poor for advanced osteochondral lesions of the ankle with large subchondral lesions including subchondral cyst. Hypothesis: Transplanting an autologous cancellous bone plug from the pelvis to the lesions retrogradely may bring good clinical results for the treatment of advanced osteochondral lesions with large subchondral lesions including subchondral cyst of the ankle. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Twenty-five osteochondral lesion patients who had large subchondral lesions of the ankle (diameter ≥10 mm on magnetic resonance imaging) met the criteria of this study. Fourteen of those patients were treated with arthroscopic antegrade drilling (group AD), and the other 11 patients were treated with arthroscopic retrograde cancellous bone plug transplantation from the iliac crest (group RC). The clinical results in conjunction with the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores, diameters of the subchondral lesions on magnetic resonance imaging, and the regenerative cartilage in second-look arthroscopy using International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) visual repair assessment score were evaluated. Results: The mean AOFAS score at 2 years after surgery was 82.2 ± 7.2 in group AD and 95.8 ± 4.6 in group RC ( P < .0001). Diameter of the subchondral lesion was almost unchanged in 11 cases (78.5%) in group AD, compared with disappearance in 7 cases (73.8%) and decreased lesion size in 4 cases (36.4%) in group RC. The mean ICRS score at second-look arthroscopy was 5.1 ± 1.9 in group AD and 10.5 ± 0.8 in group RC ( P = .0001). Conclusion: The authors recommend arthroscopic retrograde autologous cancellous bone plug transplantation from the iliac crest as a surgical procedure for the treatment of advanced osteochondral lesions with large subchondral lesions of the ankle.
Longitudinal Effects of Maturation on Lower Extremity Joint Stiffness in Adolescent Athletes
Authors: Ford Kevin R. , Myer Gregory D. , Hewett Timothy E. 
Published: June 2010

Background: Yearly changes in active joint stiffness may help explain when neuromuscular sex differences emerge in adolescent athletes that may relate to increased anterior cruciate ligament injury risk in females. Hypothesis: Pubertal males would demonstrate increases in knee stiffness while pubertal females would not. Second, postpubertal female athletes would have significantly lower knee joint stiffness than postpubertal male athletes. Study Design: Cohort Study; Level of Evidence 2 and Cross-Sectional Study; Level of Evidence 3. Methods: Two hundred sixty-five females and 50 males participated in 2 testing sessions approximately 1 year apart. The subjects were classified as either pubertal (n = 182, age 12.4 ± 0.9 years) or postpubertal (n = 133, age 14.5 ± 1.4 years) based on the modified Pubertal Maturational Observational Scale at each visit. Active joint stiffness of the ankle, knee, and hip was estimated during a drop vertical jump. Stiffness was calculated as the slope of the moment-angle curve from a least squares linear regression during the stance phase. Results: All athletes showed increased active knee stiffness during the span of a year ( P < 0.05). However, this increase was not different when stiffness was normalized to body mass. Only males demonstrated greater magnitudes of ankle and hip active stiffness ( P < .05). Peak ankle and hip moments, but not knee moments, in postpubertal males were significantly greater than postpubertal females ( P < .05). Females had a higher knee to hip moment ratio than males ( P < .05). Conclusion: Both males and females showed increased active knee stiffness during the span of a year; males demonstrated increased ankle and hip active stiffness as well. Differences in hip joint posture at initial contact (greater flexion in males) and external hip flexion moment (greater flexion magnitude in males) may indicate that males use a different hip recruitment strategy during drop vertical jumps than females.
Peel-Off Injury at the Tibial Attachment of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament in Children
Authors: Kim Sung-Jae , Jo Seung-Bae , Kim Sul-Gee , Park In-Seop , Kim Hyeong-Pyo , Kim Sung-Hwan 
Published: June 2010

Background: Careful review of the literature seldom reveals peel-off–type injuries at the tibial attachment of the posterior cruciate ligament in children. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to describe the diagnosis and treatment of peel-off injuries at the tibial ligament–osseous junction of the posterior cruciate ligament in children. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Between February 2001 and May 2007, 6 patients with diagnosed peel-off injuries at the tibial attachment of the posterior cruciate ligament were surgically treated. All patients were boys from 12 to 13 years of age (mean, 12.3 years). Plain radiographs were normal, but magnetic resonance imaging and arthroscopic findings revealed complete avulsion of the posterior cruciate ligament at the tibial attachment without an osseous fragment. The authors retrospectively reviewed the clinical presentations, diagnostic tests, surgical procedures, and the results of the treatment. The mean follow-up was 37.3 months (range, 25-53 months). Results: Five of the 6 patients had returned to their preinjury levels of activities. The mean side-to-side difference in posterior translation as measured with the KT-2000 arthrometer and stress radiographs was 2.3 mm (range, 0.7-5.2 mm) and 2.9 mm (range, 0.3-6.4 mm), respectively. The mean Lysholm score was 95 points (range, 90-100 points). According to the assessment with the International Knee Documentation Committee form, 2 patients were classified as A, 3 as B, and 1 as C. Conclusion: The authors could diagnose peel-off injuries at the tibial attachment of the posterior cruciate ligament in children by careful examinations and arthroscopic surgeries. Satisfactory outcomes without any complications were obtained through the arthroscopic reattachment and fixation using multiple sutures in the case of the avulsed stump that was not split.
Wrestling Injuries During the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games
Authors: Shadgan Babak , Feldman Bernard J. , Jafari Siavash 
Published: June 2010

Background: Better understanding of the incidence, mechanisms, and characteristics of potential injuries in wrestling helps to implement preventive measures to better care for these athletes. Several studies have investigated the incidence and type of injuries in amateur and intercollegiate wrestling; however, there is a lack of studies that review the incidence and nature of injuries in elite wrestlers during Olympic Games or World Championships. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the injury profile of elite senior wrestlers in Greco-Roman, freestyle, and female wrestling during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiologic study. Methods: Study participants consisted of 343 wrestlers participating in the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. Standard checkoff forms were used to collect the injury data, including injury type, severity, location, timing, and mechanism. Results: A total of 343 athletes sustained 32 injuries during 406 matches, which is equivalent to an overall incidence of 9.30 injuries per 100 athletes and 7.88 injuries per 100 matches. Among the 3 styles, freestyle had the highest injury rate (10.1%) and female wrestling the lowest (7.5%). In sum, 84.4% of all injuries were categorized as mild. Although the overall injury rate in male athletes was slightly higher than that among female athletes (9.7% versus 7.5%), this difference was not statistically significant (odds ratio = 1.21, 95% confidence interval = 0.46-3.68; P = .40). Conclusion: The rate and severity of wrestling injuries during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games were lower than previous reports. No serious and catastrophic injury was recorded, and most injuries were minor.