bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of a Third Planet in the LHS 1678 System
Authors: Silverstein Michele L. , Barclay Thomas , Schlieder Joshua E. , Collins Karen A. , Schwarz Richard P. , Hord Benjamin J. , Rowe Jason F. , Kruse Ethan , Astudillo-Defru Nicola , Bonfils Xavier , Caldwell Douglas A. , Charbonneau David , Cloutier Ryan , Collins Kevin I. , Daylan Tansu , Fong William , Jenkins Jon M. , Kunimoto Michelle , McDermott Scott , Murgas Felipe , Palle Enric , Ricker George R. , Seager Sara , Shporer Avi , Tey Evan , Vanderspek Roland , Winn Joshua N. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The nearby LHS 1678 (TOI-696) system contains two confirmed planets and a wide-orbit, likely brown-dwarf companion, which orbit an M2 dwarf with a unique evolutionary history. The host star occupies a narrow “gap” in the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram lower main sequence, associated with the M dwarf fully convective boundary and long-term luminosity fluctuations. This system is one of only about a dozen M dwarf multiplanet systems to date that hosts an ultra-short-period planet (USP). Here we validate and characterize a third planet in the LHS 1678 system using TESS Cycle 1 and 3 data and a new ensemble of ground-based light curves. LHS 1678 d is a 0.98 ± 0.07 R
⊕ planet in a 4.97 day orbit, with an insolation flux of

9.1

−
0.8

+
0.9

S

⊕

. These properties place it near 4:3 mean motion resonance with LHS 1678 c and in company with LHS 1678 c in the Venus zone. LHS 1678 c and d are also twins in size and predicted mass, making them a powerful duo for comparative exoplanet studies. LHS 1678 d joins its siblings as another compelling candidate for atmospheric measurements with the JWST and mass measurements using high-precision radial velocity techniques. Additionally, USP LHS 1678 b breaks the “peas-in-a-pod” trend in this system although additional planets could fill in the “pod” beyond its orbit. LHS 1678's unique combination of system properties and their relative rarity among the ubiquity of compact multiplanet systems around M dwarfs makes the system a valuable benchmark for testing theories of planet formation and evolution.
Ages of “Singles” versus “Multis”: Predictions for Dynamical Sculpting over Gyr in the Kepler Sample
Authors: Lam Christopher , Ballard Sarah 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The sample of host stars with multiple transiting planets has illuminated the orbital architectures of exoplanetary systems. These architectures may be shaped mostly by formation conditions, be continually sculpted by ongoing dynamical processes, or both. As more studies have placed planet occurrence within a galactic context, evidence has emerged for variable planet multiplicity over time. In this manuscript, we investigate the use of transit multiplicity as a tool to constrain longer-timescale (>1 Gyr) dynamical sculpting. First, with a suite of injection-and-recovery tests, we quantify sensitivity to sculpting laws across different regimes. We employ a forward modeling framework in which we generate synthetic planetary systems, according to a prescribed sculpting speed and timescale, around the FGK dwarfs studied by the Kepler Mission. Some sculpting scenarios are hypothetically detectable in the Kepler sample, while others can be disfavored from Kepler transit statistics alone. Second, we apply our analysis to reverse engineer the sculpting laws consistent with the true yield from Kepler. We confirm the present-day fraction of host stars containing dynamically cool “systems with tightly packed inner planets” is 4%–13%. A variety of Gyr-timescale sculpting laws successfully predict the transit multiplicity of the Kepler sample, but none of these laws succeed in also producing a detectable trend with transit multiplicity and stellar age. An improvement to measured stellar age precision may help uncover such a sculpting law, but nevertheless reflects limitations in transit multiplicity as an observable. Therefore, other phenomena, apart from Gyr-timescale dynamical sculpting, may be required to explain the Kepler yield.
Taming the TuRMoiL: The Temperature Dependence of Turbulence in Cloud–Wind Interactions
Authors: Abruzzo Matthew W. , Fielding Drummond B. , Bryan Greg L. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Turbulent radiative mixing layers play an important role in many astrophysical contexts where cool (≲104 K) clouds interact with hot flows (e.g., galactic winds, high-velocity clouds, infalling satellites in halos and clusters). The fate of these clouds (as well as many of their observable properties) is dictated by the competition between turbulence and radiative cooling; however, turbulence in these multiphase flows remains poorly understood. We have investigated the emergent turbulence arising in the interaction between clouds and supersonic winds in hydrodynamic enzo-e simulations. In order to obtain robust results, we employed multiple metrics to characterize the turbulent velocity, v
turb. We find four primary results when cooling is sufficient for cloud survival. First, v
turb manifests clear temperature dependence. Initially, v
turb roughly matches the scaling of sound speed on temperature. In gas hotter than the temperature where cooling peaks, this dependence weakens with time until v
turb is constant. Second, the relative velocity between the cloud and wind initially drives rapid growth of v
turb. As it drops (from entrainment), v
turb starts to decay before it stabilizes at roughly half its maximum. At late times, cooling flows appear to support turbulence. Third, the magnitude of v
turb scales with the ratio between the hot phase sound-crossing time and the minimum cooling time. Finally, we find tentative evidence for a length scale associated with resolving turbulence. Underresolving this scale may cause violent shattering and affect the cloud’s large-scale morphological properties.
Tidal Synchronization Trapping in Stars and Planets with Convective Envelopes
Authors: Dewberry Janosz W. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Tidal torques can alter the spins of tidally interacting stars and planets, usually over shorter timescales than the tidal damping of orbital separations or eccentricities. Simple tidal models predict that, in eccentric binary or planetary systems, rotation periods will evolve toward a “pseudosynchronous” ratio with the orbital period. However, this prediction does not account for “inertial” waves that are present in stars or gaseous planets with (i) convective envelopes and (ii) even very slow rotation. We demonstrate that tidal driving of inertial oscillations in eccentric systems generically produces a network of stable “synchronization traps” at ratios of orbital to rotation period that are simple to predict but can deviate significantly from pseudosynchronization. The mechanism underlying spin synchronization trapping is similar to tidal resonance locking, involving a balance between torques that is maintained automatically by the scaling of inertial mode frequencies with the rotation rate. In contrast with many resonance locking scenarios, however, the torque balance required for synchronization trapping need not drive mode amplitudes to nonlinearity. Synchronization traps may provide an explanation for low-mass stars and hot Jupiters with observed rotation rates that deviate from pseudosynchronous or synchronous expectations.
Shock and Cosmic-Ray Chemistry Associated with the Supernova Remnant W28
Authors: Tu 涂 Tian-yu 天宇 , Chen 陈 Yang 阳 , Zhou 周 Ping 平 , Safi-Harb Samar , Liu 刘 Qian-Cheng 前程 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Supernova remnants (SNRs) exert a strong influence on the physics and chemistry of the nearby molecular clouds through shock waves and the cosmic rays (CRs) they accelerate. To investigate the SNR–cloud interaction in the prototype interacting SNR W28 (G6.4−0.1), we present new observations of the HCO+,

HCN

, and HNC J = 1–0 lines, supplemented by archival data of CO isotopes, N2H+ and H13CO+. We compare the spatial distribution and spectral line profiles of different molecular species. Using the local thermodynamic equilibrium assumption, we obtain an abundance ratio of N(HCO+)/N(CO) ∼10−4 in the northeastern shocked cloud, which is higher by an order of magnitude than the values in unshocked clouds. This can be accounted for by the chemistry jointly induced by shock and CRs, with the physical parameters previously obtained from observations: preshock density n
H ∼ 2 × 105 cm−3, CR ionization rate ζ = 2.5 × 10−15 s−1, and shock velocity V
s = 15–20 km s−1. Toward a point outside the northeastern boundary of W28 with a known high CR ionization rate, we estimate the abundance ratio N(HCO+)/N(N2H+) ≈ 0.6–3.3, which can be reproduced by a chemical simulation if a high density n
H ∼ 2 × 105 cm−3 is adopted.
SALT-RSS Multiobject Spectroscopic Data Reduction to Reveal Physical Properties of [O ii]-emitting Galaxies from HETDEX and ODIN
Authors: Kharchilava George V. , Gawiser Eric , Herrera Danisbel , Firestone Nicole , Ciardullo Robin , Gronwall Caryl , Lee Kyoung-Soo , Ramakrishnan Vandana , Valdes Francisco , Yang Yujin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Line flux ratios from [O ii] doublets can probe electron densities in the interstellar medium of galaxies. We employ the Southern African Large Telescope’s (SALT) Robert Stobie Spectrograph (RSS), which provides sufficient resolution (R ∼ 3000) to split the [O ii] doublets, to target galaxies from Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment and One-hundred-deg2 DECam Imaging in Narrowbands with emission line fluxes of at least 2 × 10−16 erg cm−2 s−1. Reduction is carried out using RSSMOSPipeline to reduce SALT-RSS data through wavelength calibration. Despite SALT-RSS being known for its difficulty to flux calibrate, we present spectra that have been flux calibrated using alignment stars with Sloan Digital Sky Survey spectra as standards. We combine multiple spectroscopic settings to obtain full 2D spectra across a wavelength range of 3500–9500 Å. A 1D spectrum can then be extracted to calculate flux ratios and line widths, revealing important physical properties of these bright [O ii]-emitters.
La réalité augmentée peut-elle remplacer l’essai physique pour l’achat de biens d’expérience en ligne ?
Authors: Loupiac Philippine , Le Nagard Emmanuelle , Herbinet Victoire 
Published: May 2024

• Objectifs Cette recherche ambitionne de comprendre si, lors d’un achat en ligne, un essai virtuel en réalité augmentée est susceptible de remplacer un essai physique, en aidant à prendre une décision d’achat ou de non-achat. Nous nous focalisons sur les biens d’expérience, c’est-à-dire ceux qui nécessitent d’être utilisés pour être évalués totalement. • Méthodologie Nous menons une première étude qualitative (17 entretiens) puis une seconde étude quantitative (N=349) permettant de construire une typologie. • Résultats La première étude met en évidence un manque de confiance vis-à-vis de la réalité augmentée. La seconde étude permet de dresser une typologie de trois profils de consommateurs – les pro-online, les pro-offline et les pragmatiques – et de montrer que l’essai virtuel en RA n’est suffisant pour prendre une décision que pour le premier profil. • Implications managériales Cette recherche montre que, pour les biens d’expérience, la RA ne peut pas satisfaire tous les consommateurs. Les marques sont encouragées à combiner plusieurs solutions de remplacement de l’essai physique pour toucher l’ensemble de leur cible. • Originalité L’originalité de ce travail repose sur deux éléments : d’une part, l’étude de l’utilité de l’essai en réalité augmentée pour la catégorie spécifique des biens d’expérience ; d’autre part, la mobilisation d’une méthodologie mixte.
Mettre en œuvre une pédagogie alternative : la mobilisation des acteurs dans le cas d’un apprentissage expérientiel et par projet du dispositif TIPI
Authors: Meyer Claudie , Catuli Gilles , Henni Asmaa 
Published: May 2024

En prise avec la réalité complexe des organisations et la recherche de sens, la formation expérimentale TIPI est analysée à travers une grille écosystémique. L’écosystème de formation révèle l’augmentation de la diversité des acteurs ainsi que de nouvelles façons d’interagir : plus d’interactions partenariales pour définir les objectifs, plus de co-construction dans la didactique et plus de coordination pour réguler le dispositif. La question de la capacité des acteurs à endosser de nouveaux rôles est posée.
Vieillissement cognitif : de la plainte à la prise en charge
Authors: Ankri Joël 
Published: May 2024

Pharmakon , du grec ancien, est à l’origine des mots « pharmacie », « pharmacologie » et a plusieurs sens : celui de remède, de poison et aussi de bouc émissaire. Ces trois éléments se retrouvent tout particulièrement quand nous étudions les médicaments dans les populations âgées. Cette population est en effet forte consommatrice de médicaments (du fait des polypathologies chroniques fréquentes à ces âges) qui sont responsables d’une iatrogénie importante dont nous verrons les mécanismes. Bien utilisés, ils sont des remèdes, mais ils peuvent devenir des poisons et contribuer à une médiatisation négative préjudiciable pour les patients (perte de chance d’être traité). Parmi les effets indésirables, il paraît important pour tout psychologue de connaître leur incidence sur le fonctionnement cognitif.
Vieillissement cognitif : de la plainte à la prise en charge
Authors: Baclet-Roussel Caroline , Gély-Nargeot Marie-Christine 
Published: May 2024

Processus dynamique, le vieillissement est le fruit de multiples variables confondantes qui interagissent entre elles. Certaines, non cognitives, peuvent affecter la cognition, tels les facteurs psychosociaux. Cette fiche se propose de faire le point sur deux d’entre eux : la consommation de substances psychoactives (à l’exception des psychotropes) et les stéréotypes négatifs sur la vieillesse. L’objectif est ici d’alerter les neuropsychologues sur la nécessité d’une approche intégrative du sujet pour le décrypter correctement et cibler des pistes de prévention.
La politique de sanctions de la Chine et ses conséquences
Authors: A. K. 
Published: May 2024

La Chine s’est progressivement dotée d’une politique propre en matière de sanctions, qui est une conséquence de sa montée en puissance économique et d’un durcissement des relations sino-américaines, illustré par la guerre commerciale ayant opposé Washington et Pékin. Cette nouvelle approche a requis une refonte du dispo sitif juridique et institutionnel chinois afin de donner à Pékin une plus grande flexibilité dans le maniement des sanctions. Les sanctions chinoises sont fondées sur la défense d’intérêts dits « de souveraineté ». Si leur usage a traditionnellement été réactif et défensif, l’adoption d’un dispositif juridique plus élaboré a permis à la Chine d’utiliser de façon croissante les sanctions comme un levier de sa politique étrangère, traduisant un changement dont les conséquences sont importantes.
IRF7 Exacerbates Candida albicans Infection by Compromising CD209-Mediated Phagocytosis and Autophagy-Mediated Killing in Macrophages
Authors: Qing Furong , Sui Lina , He Wenji , Chen Yayun , Xu Li , He Liangmei , Xiao Qiuxiang , Guo Tianfu , Liu Zhiping 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
IFN regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) exerts anti-infective effects by promoting the production of IFNs in various bacterial and viral infections, but its role in highly morbid and fatal Candida albicans infections is unknown. We unexpectedly found that Irf7 gene expression levels were significantly upregulated in tissues or cells after C. albicans infection in humans and mice and that IRF7 actually exacerbates C. albicans infection in mice independent of its classical function in inducing IFNs production. Compared to controls, Irf7−/− mice showed stronger phagocytosis of fungus, upregulation of C-type lectin receptor CD209 expression, and enhanced P53–AMPK–mTOR–mediated autophagic signaling in macrophages after C. albicans infection. The administration of the CD209-neutralizing Ab significantly hindered the phagocytosis of Irf7−/− mouse macrophages, whereas the inhibition of p53 or autophagy impaired the killing function of these macrophages. Thus, IRF7 exacerbates C. albicans infection by compromising the phagocytosis and killing capacity of macrophages via regulating CD209 expression and p53–AMPK–mTOR–mediated autophagy, respectively. This finding reveals a novel function of IRF7 independent of its canonical IFNs production and its unexpected role in enhancing fungal infections, thus providing more specific and effective targets for antifungal therapy.
Risk factors for diabetic retinopathy: a case-control study
Authors: Nathani Pratiksha , Kharat Pratik R. , Wadde Satish 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
To emphasize the severity of the issue, it is crucial to recognize that diabetic retinopathy (DR) is not only the biggest contributor to blindness in India, but it is also becoming increasingly prevalent with each passing day. This study offers information from a matched case-control study conducted in an Indian tertiary care hospital on several risk factors for DR. The objective of the investigation is to identify the primary diabetes mellitus (DM) risk factors and the amount by which they influence diabetes pathogenesis.

Methods
The outpatient and inpatient departments participated in a matched research study. Diabetics with DR were included among the patients, while diabetics without DR were included in the controls. Before performing structured interviews, a total of 252 people (126 cases and 126 controls) were recruited and matched for age (±2 years) and sex.

Results
The average age in the DR and non-DR categories was 63.7 9.5 years and 63.3 10.4 years, respectively. Smoke (OR=1.92, P=0.02), alcoholism (OR=2.62, P=0.03), a poor diet (OR=2.72, P=0.0008), nonadherence to dietary advice (OR=4.41, P=0.0001), other microvascular disorders (OR=3.79, P=0.0001), dyslipidaemia (OR=1.85, P=0.0), and hypertension (OR=5.91, P=0.0001). Drug abnormalities (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=7.89, P=0.0001) and hypertension (AOR=1.16, P=0.0001) were indicated as risk factors for the development of DR in multivariate regression research.

Conclusion
According to our findings, DM with inconsistent anti-diabetic drug use and hypertension are more likely to acquire DR. Modifiable risk factors for DR include insulin, physical inactivity, dyslipidemia, alcoholism, and smoking. With the increasing frequency of DR educating DM about lifestyle changes that may minimize their risk of developing DR is more critical than ever.
Monocular elevation deficit management
Authors: Gaballah Karim , Shawky Dalal 
Published: May 2024

Aim
The aim of the study is to study cases of monocular elevation deficit (MED), and find an appropriate procedure to follow in management.

Patients and methods
This prospective study included 21 patients presenting with MED, complete ocular examination including ocular motility examination in all directions, forced duction test (FDT) were performed, then cases having hypotropia in the affected eye in primary position were operated, and the choice of operation was depending on the result of FDT.

Results
The total number of cases was 21 patients, 18 patients had hypotropia in primary position accompanied by pseudoptosis, and three cases had no hypotropia. Sixteen cases of hypotropia had positive FDT, inferior rectus muscle recession by hang back procedure was performed in them, while in two cases of hypotropia with negative test, Knapp’s muscle transposition was performed. All operated cases had postoperative good ocular alignment and spontaneous regaining of normal lid position except two cases. Cases with no hypotropia were not operated and only followed up.

Conclusion
MED or double elevator palsy, can present with hypotropia and pseudoptosis, so requiring management, or presenting with normal eyes in primary position, requiring follow up. The choice of surgical procedure depended on results of FDT.
Outcomes of different surgical procedures for optic disc pit: a meta-analysis
Authors: Khaqan Hussain A. , Naz Raheela , Rehman Hafiz A. ur , Hassan Laraib , Akram Nabeel , Farooqui Hafiz M. , Fauzan Ahmad , Khan Asad M. 
Published: May 2024

Objective
To assess the surgical outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in conjunction with various adjuvant procedures for optic disc pit maculopathy (ODPM).

Methods
We conducted a literature search to identify clinical studies and case series of surgically treated OPM patients. (1) greater than two patients, (2) surgical treatment and (3) reporting of pre and postoperative visual acuity data were inclusion criteria. We excluded review articles and studies unavailable in the English language. One-way analysis of variance, Pearson’s chi-squared test and straightforward linear regression were used to analyze the results.

Results
A total of 838 studies were initially identified as potentially relevant studies. After removing duplicates and screening titles and abstracts, the eligibility of 86 full-text articles was evaluated. There were 50 studies included in the meta-analysis. We identified the following commonly reported techniques: juxtapapillary laser alone, PPV alone or with juxtapapillary laser (PPV/JPL), internal limiting membrane peeling (PPV/ILMP), both ILMP and JPL (PPV/ILMP/JPL), inner retinal fenestration (PPV/IRF), autologous platelet concentrate (PPV/APC), macular buckling alone or with PPV, PPV with ocriplasmin (PPV/OCR) and PPV with autologous scleral flap. All groups showed an improvement in best-corrected visual acuity compared with baseline, with no significant differences between groups. The average OPM resolution rate for all groups was 70% (range: 56–100%), and the average resolution duration was 9.1 months. Central macular thickness was diminished in the PPV, PPV/JPL, and PPV/ILMP groups, but there were no significant differences between groups. There was no effect on the outcomes. Analyses of linear regression revealed significant correlations between preoperative best-corrected visual acuity and the aforementioned outcome measures. The rate of complete anatomic success and visual improvement following PPV is ∼85%. Anatomic and visual success rates for PPV alone are 89% and 100%, respectively, according to subgroup analysis. Gas tamponade, laser and ILMP during vitrectomy are less promising, whereas PPV with ILM flap stuffing may yield better results than cases without it.

Conclusion
We did not find a significant difference in functional outcomes between the various surgical procedures used to treat OPM. Based on the available evidence, PPV is effective for ODPM, while gas tamponade, laser and ILMP should be used with caution. This study is limited by its reliance on retrospective studies and publication bias towards positive outcomes.