bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative assessment of validity and reliability of the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) frequency scale: a cross‐sectional survey among adolescents in Davanagere city, Karnataka, India
Authors: Usha GV , Thippeswamy HM , Nagesh L 
Published: January 2012

Abstract:  Aim: To evaluate reliability and validity of an abbreviated version of the Oral Impact on Daily Performance (OIDP) questionnaire and to analyse the interrelationship between OIDP scores, socio‐demographic characteristics and oral health status among high school children in Davanagere city, Karnataka, India. Materials and methods: This cross‐sectional survey was conducted with 900 school children aged between 12 and 15. The subjects were randomly selected from six high schools. Selected subjects completed a survey instrument predesigned to measure subjective oral health indicators including the eight‐item OIDP frequency scores. The study participants were clinically examined for dental caries, and they completed a self‐administered questionnaire about demographic information and oral behaviours. Results: 44% of the students reported at least one oral impact in the previous 6 months. The reliability of the instrument was measured in terms of Cronbach’s alpha for the OIDP frequency. It was found to be 0.81. Eating was the most common performance affected (33%) followed by cleaning teeth (22%) and speaking (20%). The severity of impacts was low for relaxing and carrying out works. Conclusion: The OIDP frequency score has acceptable psychometric properties in the context of an oral health survey among high school children of Davanagere city, Karnataka, India.
Growth hormone deficiency: a possible complication of glucose transporter 1 deficiency?
Authors: Nakagama Yu , Isojima Tsuyoshi , Mizuno Yoko , Takahashi Nagahisa , Kitanaka Sachiko , Igarashi Takashi 
Published: January 2012

AbstractGlucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1DS) is an autosomal dominant disorder of brain energy metabolism caused by impaired GLUT1‐mediated glucose transport across the blood‐brain barrier. Although the clinical spectrum of this disorder is expanding rapidly, the growth patterns and endocrine status of these patients are not well known. We report the case of a boy aged 12 years and 7 months who has GLUT1DS complicated by growth failure. His failure to grow had progressed since birth, and his body height was 125 cm (−3.6 SDS). Growth hormone stimulation tests showed severe growth hormone deficiency (GHD), and we initiated GH replacement therapy. After 2 years of treatment, the boy’s growth rate recovered from 1.7 cm/year before treatment, to 7.5 cm/year and 4.3 cm/year after treatment with no adverse effects. We speculate that GHD is a possible complication of GLUT1DS and discuss the underlying causative mechanism.Conclusion:  GHD may be a possible complication of GLUT1DS.
Immediate Occlusal Loading of NanoTite™ Tapered Implants: A Prospective 1‐Year Clinical and Radiographic Study
Authors: Östman Pär‐Olov , Wennerberg Ann , Ekestubbe Annika , Albrektsson Tomas 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTBackground: During the last decade, high success rates have been reported for implants placed with immediate loading procedures, especially when bone quality and quantity provide good implant stability. In many of these studies, straight‐walled implants with moderately rough surfaces were employed. Tapered implants are becoming increasingly more popular due to standardized drilling protocols and reports of high initial primary stability.Purpose: The aim of the present prospective, single center clinical study was to evaluate surface topographical analysis and the clinical and radiographic outcomes of the NanoTite™ (BIOMET 3i, Palm Beach Gardens, FL, USA) Tapered Implant when used for immediate loading of fixed prostheses and single‐tooth restorations.Materials and Methods: Forty‐two patients who needed implant treatment and met admission criteria agreed to participate in the study and were consecutively enrolled. Surgical implant placement requirements consisted of a final torque of a least 30 Ncm prior to final seating and an implant stability quotient above 55. A total of 139 NanoTite Tapered implants (112 maxillary and 27 mandibular) were placed by one investigator, and the majority of these implants (n = 77/55%) were placed in posterior regions, and in soft bone (n = 90/65%). A total of 57 prosthetic constructions were evaluated consisting of 20 single‐tooth restorations, 30 fixed partial dentures, and 7 complete, fixed maxillary restorations. Radiographs were taken at baseline and at 12 months of follow‐up.Results: Of the 139 study implants, one implant failure was declared. The overall cumulative survival rate at 1 year is 99.4%. Mean marginal bone resorption is 1.01 mm (SD 0.85) during the first year of function.Conclusion: Although limited to the short follow‐up, immediate loading of NanoTite Tapered implants seems to be a viable option in implant rehabilitation, when insertion torque of at least 30 Ncm is achieved. Further studies are needed to authenticate the finding of this study.
Mechanistic explanations for counter‐intuitive phosphorylation dynamics of the insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrate‐1 in response to insulin in murine adipocytes
Authors: Nyman Elin , Fagerholm Siri , Jullesson David , Strålfors Peter , Cedersund Gunnar 
Published: January 2012

Insulin signaling through insulin receptor (IR) and insulin receptor substrate‐1 (IRS1) is important for insulin control of target cells. We have previously demonstrated a rapid and simultaneous overshoot behavior in the phosphorylation dynamics of IR and IRS1 in human adipocytes. Herein, we demonstrate that in murine adipocytes a similar overshoot behavior is not simultaneous for IR and IRS1. The peak of IRS1 phosphorylation, which is a direct consequence of the phosphorylation and the activation of IR, occurs earlier than the peak of IR phosphorylation. We used a conclusive modeling framework to unravel the mechanisms behind this counter‐intuitive order of phosphorylation. Through a number of rejections, we demonstrate that two fundamentally different mechanisms may create the reversed order of peaks: (i) two pools of phosphorylated IR, where a large pool of internalized IR peaks late, but phosphorylation of IRS1 is governed by a small plasma membrane‐localized pool of IR with an early peak, or (ii) inhibition of the IR‐catalyzed phosphorylation of IRS1 by negative feedback. Although (i) may explain the reversed order, this two‐pool hypothesis alone requires extensive internalization of IR, which is not supported by experimental data. However, with the additional assumption of limiting concentrations of IRS1, (i) can explain all data. Also, (ii) can explain all available data. Our findings illustrate how modeling can potentiate reasoning, to help draw nontrivial conclusions regarding competing mechanisms in signaling networks. Our work also reveals new differences between human and murine insulin signaling.Database
The mathematical model described here has been submitted to the Online Cellular Systems Modelling Database and can be accessed at http://jjj.biochem.sun.ac.za/database/nyman/index.html free of charge.
A Review of Surgical Techniques for Impending Distal Erosion and Intraoperative Penile Implant Complications: Part 2 of a Three-part Review Series on Penile Prosthetic Surgery
Authors: Henry Gerard D. , Laborde Eric 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT

Introduction
More than half of intraoperative complications occur during dilatation of the corpora cavernosa, a critical step in the placement of any type of penile prosthesis, which can be especially difficult in a patient with corporal fibrosis. A late manifestation of cylinder placement can be impending erosion with lateral extrusion or medial deviation (into the urethra) of the distal tips. There are many different approaches to try and fix these surgical issues.

Aim
The review article evaluates the many different surgical techniques prosthetic surgeons use in the management of intraoperative complications and lateral extrusion.

Methods
A review of the literature was preformed with published results being evaluated to try to help guide the management of intraoperative complications and impending distal erosion. There is a special focus on dilation of the corpora cavernosa.

Main Outcomes Measures
The article reviews and evaluates the outcomes of the landmark papers in the management of intraoperative complications and impending distal erosion.

Results
Intraoperative complications of penile implant placement can be distressing for the prosthetic surgeon, but with proper recognition, most of these complications can be navigated with excellent postoperative results.

Conclusions
This review article summarizes many of the techniques, outcomes, and new developments in the complicated field of penile prosthetic surgery to help guide the implanting surgeon.
Fabrication and Optical Properties of Highly Transparent Er:YAG Polycrystalline Ceramics for Eye‐Safe Solid‐State Lasers&#147;
Authors: Qin Xianpeng , Yang Hao , Shen Deyuan , Chen Hao , Zhou Guohong , Luo Dewei , Zhang Jian , Wang Shiwei , Ma Jan , Tang Dingyuan 
Published: January 2012

Highly transparent 1 at.% Er:YAG ceramics was fabricated by a reactive sintering method under vacuum. The optical properties, the microstructure and the laser performance of the Er:YAG ceramics were investigated. The average grain size of the Er:YAG ceramics was 7~8 μm. The in‐line transmittances of the Er:YAG ceramics at the wavelength of 1800 and 400 nm were about 84.6% and 82.4%, respectively. The absorption coefficient of the Er:YAG ceramics was 1.29 cm−1. The grain boundaries were very clean and no secondary phase was observed. When end‐pumped by an Er,Yb‐fiber laser at 1532 nm, a maximum output power of 13.8 W lasing at the wavelength of 1645 nm was obtained with a slope efficiency of 54.5%.
Repeatability of energy metabolism and resistance to dehydration in the invasive slug Limax maximus
Authors: Gaitán‐Espitia Juan Diego , Franco, Marcela , Bartheld José Luis , Nespolo Roberto F. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractStandard metabolic rate (SMR) and resistance to body dehydration (BD) are important physiological traits that have an effect on water balance and the amount of energy available for activity and production, and thus could contribute to variation in life history traits expressed across a range of environments. Few studies have tested whether SMR and BD show consistent between‐individual variation in molluscs. Significant repeatability of SMR and BD indicates that the traits might be heritable and therefore a possible target for natural selection, so describing the repeatability of SMR and BD is important in studies of phenotypic variability. Here, we studied energy metabolism (body mass‐corrected SMR) and the change in the scaling relationship of SMR and body mass in response to time between measurements in the giant garden slug Limax maximus. Limax maximus is one of the most invasive terrestrial molluscs, with a wide geographical distribution, and is considered an important pest of horticultural and agricultural crops. Our results show that L. maximus follows the expected relationship of increasing SMR with increasing mass, but the scaling exponent varies through time and is different from that described for other gastropods. We also found significant inter‐individual variation in VCO2 Mean, VCO2 Min, VCO2 Max, and BD (τ=0.25, 0.29, 0.24, 0.22, p<0.05, respectively), and significant repeatability of body mass (τ=0.90). To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive analysis of the repeatability of body mass‐corrected SMR and BD in terrestrial slugs. Our results suggest that energy metabolism and water balance could potentially respond to selection.
Factors Affecting Consumer Willingness to Pay for Certified Traceable Food in Jiangsu Province of China
Authors: Wu Linhai , Xu Lingling , Zhu Dian , Wang Xiaoli 
Published: January 2012

Using data collected from a survey conducted in Jiangsu Province, China, we study consumer perceptions of and attitudes toward food traceability systems (FTS). Through econometric analysis, we examine the main factors that influence the willingness of consumers to pay a price premium for certified traceable food, as well as the actual premium these consumers are willing to bear. Our results indicate that an overwhelming majority of consumers in China are concerned about food safety, but consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) a price premium for certified traceable food is limited. Income, education, perception of and attitudes toward FTS, as well as the degree of concern over food safety, have significant effects on the consumer's WTP a price premium for certified traceable food. However, the effects of these factors on the actual premium a consumer is willing to pay are quite different. Conditioned on the consumer being willing to pay a positive price premium, income level and the degree of concern over food safety are the only two factors that have significant effects on the actual premium consumers are willing to pay.À partir de données tirées d’un sondage mené dans la province du Jiangsu, en Chine, nous avons étudié la perception et l’attitude des consommateurs envers les systèmes de traçabilité des aliments. À l’aide d’analyses économétriques, nous avons examiné les principaux facteurs qui influencent le consentement des consommateurs à payer un prix supérieur pour des aliments dont la traçabilité est certifiée ainsi que le prix réel qu’ils sont prêts à payer. Les résultats de notre étude indiquent qu’une très grande majorité de consommateurs en Chine sont préoccupés par la sécurité alimentaire, mais que leur consentement à payer un prix supérieur pour des aliments dont la traçabilité est certifiée est limité. Le revenu, le niveau de scolarité, la perception et l’attitude envers les systèmes de traçabilité, de même que le degré de préoccupation concernant la sécurité alimentaire, ont des effets considérables sur le consentement des consommateurs à payer un prix supérieur pour des aliments dont la traçabilité est certifiée. Toutefois, les effets de ces facteurs sur le prix réel qu’un consommateur est prêt à payer sont très différents. Lorsque des consommateurs consentent à payer un prix supérieur, le niveau de revenu et le degré de préoccupation concernant la sécurité alimentaire sont les deux seuls facteurs qui influencent fortement le prix réel qu’ils sont prêts à payer.
Impact of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident on Hemodialysis Facilities: An Evaluation of Radioactive Contaminants in Water Used for Hemodialysis
Authors: Kamei Daigo , Kuno Tsutomu , Sato Sumihiko , Nitta Kosaku , Akiba Takashi 
Published: January 2012

AbstractFollowing the crisis at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant caused by the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami, radioactive substances (131I, 134Cs, 137Cs) were detected in tap water throughout eastern Japan. There is now concern that internal exposure to radioactive substances in the dialysate could pose a danger to hemodialysis patients. Radioactive substances were measured in three hemodialysis facilities before and after purification of tap water for use in hemodialysis. Radioactive iodine was detected at levels between 13 and 15 Bq/kg in tap water from the three facilities, but was not detected by reverse osmosis membrane at any of the facilities. We confirmed that the amount of radioactive substances in dialysate fell below the limit of detection (7–8 Bq/kg) by reverse osmosis membrane. It is now necessary to clarify the maximum safe level of radiation in dialysate for chronic hemodialysis patients.
Magnetic resonance imaging enhancement of intervertebral disc disease in 30 dogs following chemical fat saturation
Authors: Freeman A. C. , Platt S. R. , Kent M. , Howerth E. , Holmes S. P. 
Published: January 2012

Objective: To describe the patterns of enhancement of extradural intervertebral disc on chemically fat saturated gadolinium‐enhanced magnetic resonance images and to investigate the clinical and pathological associations with enhancement.Methods: Medical records and magnetic resonance images were reviewed from 30 dogs with histopathologically confirmed disc disease and enhancement on a T1‐weighted postcontrast fat saturated sequence.Results: Median duration of neurological signs was 4 days and the most common grade of severity was II, seen in 46·6% of dogs. Homogeneous, heterogeneous and peripheral patterns of disc enhancement were described, with peripheral enhancement most commonly identified (57% of dogs). There were no clinical or pathological differences between the dogs with each of the patterns. The mean signal intensity of a region of interest within the extruded disc material and contrast‐to‐noise ratio of the disc material were significantly higher on postcontrast T1‐weighted fat saturated images (P=<0·0001 each).Clinical Significance: The use of fat saturated gadolinium‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging can detect enhancement of extradural disc material. Patterns of enhancement are not associated with the clinical presentation or pathological features.
Effect of Season on Heavy Metal Contents and Chemical Compositions of Chub Mackerel (Scomber japonicus) Muscle
Authors: Bae J.H. , Lim S.Y. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract:  Seasonal variations of heavy metals concentrations and overall chemical compositions were determined in chub mackerel caught in the Southern Sea of Korea. The average mercury and lead content varied between 0.04 and 0.08 mg/kg and between 0.01 and 0.02 mg/kg, respectively. Seasonal variations were not detected in lead, but mercury displayed maximal values in winter (P < 0.05). A distinct seasonal pattern was found in crude fat content with maximal values in December and minimal values in April. Fatty acid composition showed that monounsaturated fatty acids levels were the highest in August, while polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) levels were the highest in April. The major contributing factors to the seasonal variation of PUFA amounted to 20:5n‐3 and 22:6n‐3. The total amino acids content varied from 180.6 to 187.7 mg/g. There were no significant seasonal variations in total amounts of amino acids.Practical Application:  Mackerel (Scomber japonicus) is one of the most important fishing resources in Korea. The effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on the human body have been identified, and consequently, the intake of fish lipids has steadily increased among the human population. There have been few studies on safety and alterations in chemical composition of mackerel attributed to seasonal fluctuations. Therefore, the results presented in this study could be used to improve the safety and nutrition information available to consumers.
Penicillium camemberti and Penicillium roqueforti Enhance the Growth and Survival of Shiga Toxin‐Producing Escherichia coli O157 under Mild Acidic Conditions
Authors: Lee Ken‐ichi , Watanabe Maiko , Sugita‐Konishi Yoshiko , Hara‐Kudo Yukiko , Kumagai Susumu 
Published: January 2012

Abstract:  The effects of secondary starter molds of common mold‐ripened cheeses on the Shiga toxin‐producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157 were assessed in 3 model systems. In the 1st model, 8 STEC O157 strains were incubated in the spent culture of Penicillium camemberti or Penicillium roqueforti under mild acidic conditions at 25 °C. In the spent cultures of the mold at pH 4.8 to 5.0, the lag times of STEC O157 growth were significantly shorter than those observed in fresh medium. Analyses of the spent culture of P. camemberti showed that the causative agents of the growth enhancement were produced by the mold in response to an acidic environment and were not fully inactivated in heat treatment. In the 2nd model, P. camemberti and STEC O157 were cocultured in acidified milk at 25 °C. The population of STEC O157 reached 108 CFU/mL in the presence of the mold, whereas the population steadily declined in the absence of the mold. Although this growth enhancement was partially attributable to alkalization by the mold, it was observed even when the pH of this model was stabilized. In the 3rd model, 2 STEC O157 strains were incubated in the spent cultures of molds at pH 4.5 at 10 °C. In the spent culture, proportions of injured cells were significantly lower and D values were significantly higher than those in control, except one STEC O157 strain in the spent culture of P. camemberti. These results showed that the molds could enhance the growth and survival of STEC O157 by changing the environment.Practical Application:  This study demonstrated that molds in foods can improve the growth and survival of the Shiga toxin‐producing Escherichia coli O157. Because microbial interactions are ubiquitous in food, our results provide an important insight for understanding the behavior of microorganisms in food.
Assay Dilution Factors Confound Measures of Total Antioxidant Capacity in Polyphenol‐Rich Juices
Authors: Bolling Bradley W. , Chen Ya‐Yen , Kamil Alison G. , Oliver Chen C‐Y. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract:  The extent to which sample dilution factor (DF) affects total antioxidant capacity (TAC) values is poorly understood. Thus, we examined the impact of DF on the ORAC, FRAP, DPPH, and total phenols (TP) assays using pomegranate juice (PJ), grape juice (GJ), selected flavonoids, ascorbic acid, and ellagic acid. For ORAC, GJ was comparable to PJ at DF 750, but at DF 2000, the ORAC value of GJ was 40% more than PJ. Increasing DF increased GJ and PJ, DPPH, TP, and FRAP values 11% and 14%, respectively. Increased test concentrations of quercetin and catechin resulted in 51% and 126% greater ORAC values, but decreased naringenin by 68%. Flavonoids, but not ellagic acid or ascorbic acid, may contribute to the dilution effect on the variation of final TAC values. Thus, reporting TAC or TP using a single DF may introduce uncertainty about the confidence of TAC assay values, especially when comparing different juices. These results underscore the importance of using compatible test standards for reporting TAC values.Practical Application:  Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) values such as the ORAC assay are increasingly used for comparison of polyphenol‐rich foods and beverages. Choice of standards and test concentrations, even within the linear range of standards, may introduce variation probably due to synergy/antagonism between antioxidant and thereby, confound final TAC values. Thus, test concentration or dilution factors of samples should be considered in the design of TAC assays and interpretation of their results.
The Light‐Activated Proton Pump Bop I of The Archaeon Haloquadratum walsbyi
Authors: Lobasso Simona , Lopalco Patrizia , Vitale Rita , Saponetti Matilde Sublimi , Capitanio Giuseppe , Mangini Vincenzo , Milano Francesco , Trotta Massimo , Corcelli Angela 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWe have isolated and characterized the light‐driven proton pump Bop I from the ultrathin square archaeon Haloquadratum walsbyi, the most abundant component of the dense microbial community inhabiting hypersaline environments. The disruption of cells by hypo‐osmotic shock yielded Bop I retinal protein highly enriched membranes, which contain one main 27 kDa protein band together with a high content of the carotenoid bacterioruberin. Light‐induced pH changes were observed in suspensions of Bop I retinal protein‐enriched membranes under sustained illumination. Solubilization of H. walsbyi cells with Triton X‐100, followed by phenyl‐Sepharose chromatography, resulted in isolation of two purified Bop I retinal protein bands; mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the Bop I was present as only protein in both the bands. The study of light/dark adaptations, M‐decay kinetics, responses to titration with alkali in the dark and endogenous lipid compositions of the two Bop I retinal protein bands showed functional differences that could be attributed to different protein aggregation states. Proton‐pumping activity of Bop I during the photocycle was observed in liposomes constituted of archaeal lipids. Similarities and differences of Bop I with other archaeal proton‐pumping retinal proteins will be discussed.