bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Balance Performance With a Cognitive Task: A Continuation of the Dual-Task Testing Paradigm
Authors: Resch Jacob E. , May Bryson , Tomporowski Phillip D. , Ferrara Michael S. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract

Context:
To ensure that concussed athletes return to play safely, we need better methods of measuring concussion severity and monitoring concussion resolution.

Objective:
To develop a dual-task model that assesses postural stability and cognitive processing in concussed athletes.

Design:
Repeated measures study.

Setting:
University laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:
Twenty healthy, college-aged students (10 men, 10 women; age  =  20 ± 1.86 years, height  =  173 ± 4.10 cm, mass  =  71.83 + 35.77 kg).

Intervention(s):
Participants were tested individually in 2 sessions separated by 2 days. In one session, a balance task and a cognitive task were performed separately. In the other session, the balance and cognitive tasks were performed concurrently. The balance task consisted of 6 conditions of the Sensory Organization Test performed on the NeuroCom Smart Balance Master. The cognitive task consisted of an auditory switch task (3 trials per condition, 60 seconds per trial).

Main Outcome Measure(s):
For the balance test, scores for each Sensory Organization Test condition; the visual, vestibular, somatosensory, and visual-conflict subscores; and the composite balance score were calculated. For the cognitive task, response time and accuracy were measured.

Results:
Balance improved during 2 dual-task conditions: fixed support and fixed visual reference (t18  =  −2.34, P &lt; .05) and fixed support and sway visual reference (t18  =  −2.72, P  =  .014). Participants' response times were longer (F1,18  =  67.77, P &lt; .001, η2  =  0.79) and choice errors were more numerous under dual-task conditions than under single-task conditions (F1,18  =  5.58, P  =  .03, η2  =  0.24). However, differences were observed only during category-switch trials.

Conclusions:
Balance was either maintained or improved under dual-task conditions. Thus, postural control took priority over cognitive processing when the tasks were performed concurrently. Furthermore, dual-task conditions can isolate specific mental processes that may be useful for evaluating concussed individuals.
Work–Family Conflict Among Athletic Trainers in the Secondary School Setting
Authors: Pitney William A. , Mazerolle Stephanie M. , Pagnotta Kelly D. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract

Context:
Work–family conflict (WFC) negatively affects a professional's ability to function at work or home.

Objective:
To examine perceptions of and contributing factors to WFC among secondary school athletic trainers.

Design:
Sequential explanatory mixed-methods study.

Setting:
Secondary school.

Patients or Other Participants:
From a random sample of 1325 individuals selected from the National Athletic Trainers' Association Member Services database, 415 individuals (203 women, 212 men; age = 36.8 ± 9.3 years) provided usable online survey data. Fourteen individuals participated in follow-up interviews.

Intervention(s):
Online WFC questionnaire followed by in-depth phone interviews.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Descriptive statistics were obtained to examine perceived WFC. Pearson product moment correlations were calculated to examine the relationship between work hours, total athletic training staff, and number of children and WFC score. We performed analysis of variance to examine differences between the independent variables of sex and control over work schedule and the dependent variable of WFC score. The a priori α was set at P ≤ .05. Qualitative data were analyzed using inductive content analysis. Multiple-analyst triangulation and member checks established trustworthiness of the qualitative data.

Results:
Mean WFC scores were 23.97 ± 7.78 for scale 1 (family defined as having a partner or spouse with or without children) and 23.17 ± 7.69 for scale 2 (family defined as individuals, including parents, siblings, grandparents, and any other close relatives, involved in one's life), indicating moderate perceived WFC. A significant relationship was found between the average hours of work per week and WFC scores: those with less scheduling control experienced more WFC. Two dimensions emerged from the qualitative methods that relate to how WFC is mitigated in the secondary school environment: (1) organizational—having colleagues and administration that understood the role demands and allowed for modifications in schedule and personal time and (2) personal—taking time for oneself and having a family that understands the work demands of an athletic trainer resulted in reduced perceived WFC.

Conclusions:
A large number of work hours per week and lack of control over work schedules affected the perceived level of WFC.
SOLiDzipper: A High Speed Encoding Method for the Next-Generation Sequencing Data
Authors: Jeon Young Jun , Park Sang Hyun , Ahn Sung Min , Hwang Hee Joung 
Published: March 2011

Background Next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods pose computational challenges of handling large volumes of data. Although cloud computing offers a potential solution to these challenges, transferring a large data set across the internet is the biggest obstacle, which may be overcome by efficient encoding methods. When encoding is used to facilitate data transfer to the cloud, the time factor is equally as important as the encoding efficiency. Moreover, to take advantage of parallel processing in cloud computing, a parallel technique to decode and split compressed data in the cloud is essential. Hence in this review, we present SOLiDzipper, a new encoding method for NGS data. Methods The basic strategy of SOLiDzipper is to divide and encode. NGS data files contain both the sequence and non-sequence information whose encoding efficiencies are different. In SOLiDzipper, encoded data are stored in binary data block that does not contain the characteristic information of a specific sequence platform, which means that data can be decoded according to a desired platform even in cases of Illumina, Solexa or Roche 454 data. Results The main calculation time using Crossbow was 173 minutes when 40 EC2 nodes were involved. In that case, an analysis preparation time of 464 minutes is required to encode data in the latest DNA compression method like G-SQZ and transmit it on a 183 Mbit/s bandwidth. However, it takes 194 minutes to encode and transmit data with SOLiDzipper under the same bandwidth conditions. These results indicate that the entire processing time can be reduced according to the encoding methods used, under the same network bandwidth conditions. Considering the limited network bandwidth, high-speed, high-efficiency encoding methods such as SOLiDzipper can make a significant contribution to higher productivity in labs seeking to take advantage of the cloud as an alternative to local computing. Availability http://szipper.dinfree.com . Academic/non-profit: Binary available for direct download at no cost. For-profit: Submit request for for-profit license from the web-site.
An Extension of Craig's Family of Lattices
Authors: Flores André Luiz , Interlando J. Carmelo , da Nóbrega Neto Trajano Pires 
Published: March 2011

AbstractLet p be a prime, and let ζp be a primitive p-th root of unity. The lattices in Craig's family are (p –1)-dimensional and are geometrical representations of the integral ℤ[ζp]-ideals 〈1–ζp〉i , where i is a positive integer. This lattice construction technique is a powerful one. Indeed, in dimensions p – 1 where 149 ≤ p ≤ 3001, Craig's lattices are the densest packings known. Motivated by this, we construct (p – 1)(q – 1)-dimensional lattices from the integral ℤ[ζpq]-ideals 〈1 – ζp〉i〈1 – ζq〉j, where p and q are distinct primes and i and j are positive integers. In terms of sphere-packing density, the new lattices and those in Craig's family have the same asymptotic behavior. In conclusion, Craig's family is greatly extended while preserving its sphere-packing properties.
La prensa del norte argentino en la encrucijada de la comunicación cultural. La página literaria del diario La Gaceta (1949-1951)
Authors: Risco Ana María 
Published: March 2011

En el presente artículo indagamos sobre las estrategias del director de un diario para conformar un proyecto cultural de trascendencia en el periodismo del norte argentino. El caso estudiado es la sección literaria del diario La Gaceta de Tucumán, considerado central para el desarrollo de la prensa escrita de la región durante el siglo XX. Nuestra investigación se enmarca teórica y metodológicamente en la sociología de la cultura. Seguimos, por un lado, los postulados de Pierre Bourdieu sobre campo intelectual y proyecto creador para la caracterización de la página literaria de dicho diario como un proyecto de dos dimensiones, individual y colectivo al mismo tiempo. Por otro lado, coincidimos con las conceptualizaciones sobre la organización de la cultura formuladas por Raymond Williams. Asimismo, tratamos nuestro objeto de estudio como parte del periodismo cultural, focalizando algunas cuestiones teóricas y analizamos la configuración de dicha sección desde la perspectiva de su director, Daniel Alberto Dessein.
Total Laryngectomy
Authors: Mohebati Arash , Shah Jatin P 
Published: March 2011

AbstractTotal laryngectomy since it was first performed more than a century ago has undergone numerous modifications with increasing attention to voice restoration. Function preservation has also been achieved by voice sparing surgical procedures, and organ preservation strategies with chemoradiotherapy for laryngeal carcinoma. However, total laryngectomy remains the standard of care for very advanced laryngeal cancers with cartilage destruction, and as a salvage procedure for failures to organ preservation therapies. In this article, we review the indications, complications and outcomes of total laryngectomy in the era of chemoradiotherapy.
Human Resource Development for Vision 2020 in Developing Countries: A Change from Absolute Numbers
Authors: Adepoju Feyi G. , Ayanniyi Abdulkabir A. , Pam Victoria , Akanbi Toyin B. 
Published: March 2011

Purpose. To critically review the numbers, distribution, staff mix, and productivity of eye care workers (ECW) in Kwara State, north central Nigeria. Methods. A cross-sectional descriptive survey of all ECW identified from all eye care facilities in July 2008 was carried out using a structured questionnaire. Output data on cataract surgery of each institution were also collected and data analyzed using SPSS 16. Results. A total of 157 ECW comprising 8 ophthalmologists, 4 diplomates, 16 residents training ophthalmologists, 96 mid-level ophthalmic personnel (67 ophthalmic nurses, 3 optometrists, and 26 others), and 33 administrative and supporting staff were available to a population of 2.37 million. Ophthalmologist to population ratio was 1:300,000, optometrist 1:790,000, and ophthalmic nurses 1:35,000. Eighty percent of ECW and institutions are located in the state capital. There were no orthoptists, low vision specialists, counselors, or cataract finders, while optometrists, managers, and primary ECW were inadequate. The staff mix was 1 surgeon to 12 other ECW and an average of 182 cataract surgeries per surgeon per year. Conclusions. Emphasis should shift to team building and ensuring available workers perform optimally rather than meeting the absolute numbers of some cadre, which does not guarantee improved output. Issues of equitable distribution, appropriate staff mix, filling identified gaps in human resources, and addressing poor service uptake should be the focus to reach the goals of Vision 2020: The Right to Sight.
Extraction of scandium(III) using ionic liquids functionalized solvent impregnated resins
Authors: Zhu Lili , Liu Yinghui , Chen Ji , Liu Wanfa 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIonic liquids (ILs) functionalized solvent impregnated resins (SIRs) were prepared using IL modified Merrified resin as the polymeric supports by impregnation of extractant for extraction of Sc(III). The ILs modified Merrifield resin were prepared via covalent anchoring of imidazolium salts onto Merrifield resin. The polymeric supports with imidazolium chloride group (RCl) and imidazolium hexafluorophosphate group (RPF6) were characterized by FTIR, TGA, and elemental analysis. It was found that RCl and RPF6 had tunable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, different acid stability, and swelling behaviors in solvents. The effect of Cyanex 923 extractant or [C8mim][PF6] IL impregnated on RCl and RPF6 were studied. The results showed Cyanex 923 and [C8mim][PF6] exhibited stronger affinity to RPF6 than to RCl. RPF6 with Cyanex 923 was found to be effective in Sc(III) extraction. The extraction mechanisms of SIRs containing RPF6 and Cyanex 923 with or without [C8mim][PF6] were cation exchange and neutral complexation, respectively. [C8mim][PF6] acted as an extraction media and was involved in the cation exchanged extraction reaction. Sc(III) can be selectively separated from Tm(III), Yb(III), and Lu(III) by the SIRs. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Optimizing the incorporation of silica nanoparticles in polysulfone/poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes with response surface methodology
Authors: Ng Law Yong , Leo Choe Peng , Mohammad Abdul Wahab 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe addition of silica nanoparticles and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to polysulfone (PSF) membranes was used to modify the membrane morphology and enhance membrane performance. The central composite design of the response surface methodology was used to predict the maximum permeability and real salt rejection (Rreal) of the PSF membranes. The factors affecting the permeability and Rreal values of the PSF membranes were the silica (0–12 wt % PSF) and PVA (0–2 wt % PSF) contents. The optimized responses, membrane permeability, and Rreal obtained experimentally were 61.9260 L m−2 h−1 bar−1 and 97.5850%, respectively, with deviation from the predicted values of 34.72 and 15.84%, respectively. In the further characterization, the contact angle results showed that PVA was important in stabilizing the nanoparticle surfaces to prevent agglomeration in the polymeric matrix. The tensile strength test confirmed that the addition of silica nanoparticles improved the mechanical strength of the PSF membranes. However, the addition of PVA had a weakening effect on the mechanical strength of the PSF membranes. The addition of silica nanoparticles and PVA affected the typical asymmetric structures of the PSF membrane less, as shown in the scanning electron micrographs. This may have been due to the good incorporation of additives in the PSF membranes, as observed from the energy‐dispersive X‐ray and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011 Liver Transpl, 2011. © 2011 AASLD.
Consumer information (in)sufficiency in relation to biofuels: determinants and impact
Authors: Van de Velde Liesbeth , Vandermeulen Valerie , Van Huylenbroeck Guido , Verbeke Wim 
Published: March 2011

AbstractDespite the growing interest in biorenewable energy at society, policy, and industry level, many people still know very little about alternatives to fossil fuels, particularly biofuels. This perspective assesses and discusses the needs of citizens and future consumers for more information on biofuels. Using empirical data collected from a sample (n = 260) of fuel consumers in Flanders, Belgium, this perspective first demonstrates that information insufficiency (the gap between consumers' need for information and their perceived knowledge) is a good predictor of information‐seeking behavior, specifically in the case of biofuels. Secondly, it shows that women, older, and less educated people report higher levels of information insufficiency. This means that they have a higher a priori interest in receiving more information about biofuels, in comparison to men, younger, and more highly educated population groups, for whom greater efforts may be required to ensure that communications reach them effectively. Additionally, information insufficiency (and thus also biofuel information‐seeking behavior) increases in line with a stronger belief that biofuels are environmentally friendly, and with weaker beliefs that biofuels will have a positive impact on the local economy and can decrease foreign energy dependency. Furthermore, outcome relevant involvement (i.e. the perceived importance of the impact of biofuels on one's own life) increases information insufficiency, whereas impression relevant involvement (i.e. the importance of perceived approval by peers) and value relevant involvement (i.e. the role of personal values) are not significant. Based on these insights, and considering the wider societal context of biofuels and the limitations of the empirical data, conclusions are drawn with respect to who is (and who is not) open to receiving information about biofuels, as well as about the specific themes and benefits such information campaigns should highlight to stand the greatest chance of success in the marketplace. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
The cardiac lymphatic system
Authors: Loukas Marios , Abel Nicole , Shane Tubbs R. , Grabska Joanna , Birungi Judith , Anderson Robert H. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe lymphatic system, a network of vessels carrying clear interstitial fluid called lymph, is found throughout the human body. The system maintains homeostasis, receiving proteins and excess fluid from the interstitial tissues, and returning them to the venous system. Understanding of lymphatic drainage remains important in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of diseases, including the metastasis of malignant diseases. Information specific to the cardiac lymphatics is scarce. Indeed, quite often the topic is not even mentioned in many medical textbooks. The goal of our review is to compile and analyze the information currently available concerning the cardiac lymphatics, hoping further to demonstrate the clinical importance of this neglected system. Clin. Anat. 24:684–691, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mining the Cinnabaramide Biosynthetic Pathway to Generate Novel Proteasome Inhibitors
Authors: Rachid Shwan , Huo Liujie , Herrmann Jennifer , Stadler Marc , Köpcke Bärbel , Bitzer Jens , Müller Rolf 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe cinnabaramides and salinosporamides are mixed PKS/NRPS natural products isolated from a terrestrial streptomycete and a marine actinomycete, respectively. They interfere with the proteasome and thus potentially inhibit the growth of cancer cells. The compounds exhibit a γ‐lactam‐β‐lactone bicyclic ring structure attached to a cyclohexenyl unit and a PKS side chain. As a first step towards improving anticancer activity and permitting genetic approaches to novel analogues, we have cloned and characterized the cinnabaramide biosynthetic genes from Streptomyces sp. JS360. In addition to the expected PKS and NRPS genes, the cluster encodes functionalities for the assembly of the hexyl side chain precursor. The corresponding enzymes exhibit relaxed substrate specificities towards a number of synthesized precursors, enabling production of novel chlorinated cinnabaramides. These were isolated and analyzed for activity, revealing that derivatives bearing a chlorine atom in the PKS side chain show higher inhibitory potentials towards the proteasome's proteolytic subunits (especially the trypsin and chymotrypsin units) and higher cytotoxicities towards human tumor cell lines than the parent cinnabaramide A. Although their activities towards the proteasome were weaker than that of salinosporamide A, the cinnabaramides were found to inhibit the growth of various fungi with greater potency.
Percutaneous re‐revalvulation of the tricuspid valve
Authors: Gewillig Marc , Dubois Christophe 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWe report a successful percutaneous revalvulation of a dysfunctional tricuspid bioprothesis in an 8‐year‐old child. Five years after implanting a 25‐mm Carpentier‐Edwards valve in the tricuspid position, the prosthesis showed significant dysfunction with clinical right heart failure. A 26‐mm Edwards‐Sapien XT inverted aortic valve was successfully implanted through a 19F sheath using a jugular approach. Such procedure can significantly postpone the need for surgical replacement of a biological valve. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dehydrotropylium–Co2(CO)6 Ion: Generation, Reactivity and Evaluation of Cation Stability
Authors: Amiralaei Sheida , Gauld James , Green James R. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe dehydrotropylium–Co2(CO)6 ion was generated by the action of HBF4 or BF3⋅OEt2 on the corresponding cycloheptadienynol complex, which in turn has been prepared in four steps from a known diacetoxycycloheptenyne complex. The reaction of the cycloheptadienynol complex via the dehydrotropylium–Co2(CO)6 ion with several nucleophiles results in substitution reactions with reactive nucleophiles (N>1) under normal conditions, and a radical dimerisation reaction in the presence of less reactive nucleophiles. Competitive reactions of the cycloheptadienynol complex with an acyclic trienynol complex show no preference for generation of the dehydrotropylium–Co2(CO)6 ion over an acyclic cation. DFT studies on the dehydrotropylium–Co2(CO)6 ion, specifically evaluation of its harmonic oscillator model of aromaticity (HOMA) value (+0.95), its homodesmotic‐reaction‐based stabilisation energy (≈2.8 kcal mol−1) and its NICS(1) value (−2.9), taken together with the experimental studies suggest that the dehydrotropylium–Co2(CO)6 ion is weakly aromatic.
Substantiating the Influence of Pore Surface Functionalities on the Stability of Grubbs Catalyst in Mesoporous SBA‐15 Silica
Authors: Staub Hélène , Guillet‐Nicolas Rémy , Even Nicolas , Kayser Laure , Kleitz Freddy , Fontaine Frédéric‐Georges 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe influence of pore surface functionalities in mesoporous SBA‐15 silica on the stability of a model olefin metathesis catalyst, namely Grubbs I, is substantiated. In particular, it is demonstrated that the nature of the interaction between the ruthenium complex and the surface is strongly depending on the presence of surface silanols. For this study, differently functionalized mesoporous SBA‐15 silica materials were synthesized according to standard procedures and, subsequently, the Grubbs I catalyst was incorporated into these different host materials. All of the materials were thoroughly characterized by elemental analyses, nitrogen physisorption at −196 °C, thermogravimetric analyses, solid‐state NMR spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐IR). By such in‐depth characterization of the materials, it became possible to achieve models for the surface/catalyst interactions as a function of surface functionalities in SBA‐15; for example, in the case of purely siliceous silanol‐rich SBA‐15, octenyl‐silane modified SBA‐15, and silylated equivalents. It was evidenced that large portions of the chemisorbed species that are detected spectroscopically arise from interactions between the tricyclohexylphosphine and the surface silanols. A catalytic study using diethyldiallylmalonate in presence of the various functionalized silicas shows that the presence of surface silanols significantly decreases the longevity of the ring‐closing metathesis catalyst, whereas the passivation of the surface by trimethylsilyl groups slows down the catalysis rate, but does not affect significantly the lifetime of the catalyst. This contribution thus provides new insights into the functionalization of SBA‐15 materials and the role of surface interactions for the grafting of organometallic complexes.