bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultraviolet detection using TiO2 nanowire array with Ag Schottky contact
Authors: Chinnamuthu P , Dhar J C , Mondal A , Bhattacharyya A , Singh N K 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
The glancing angle deposition technique has been employed to synthesize TiO2 nanowire (NW) arrays which have been characterized by x-ray diffraction, field emission-scanning electron microscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. Optical absorption measurements show the absorption edge at 3.42 eV and 3.48 eV for TiO2 thin film (TF) and NW, respectively. The blue shift in absorption band is attributed to quantum confinement in NW structures. Photoluminescence measurement revealed oxygen-defect-related emission at 425 nm (∼2.9 eV). Ag/TiO2 (NW) and Ag/TiO2 (TF) contacts exhibit Schottky behaviour, and a higher turn-on voltage (∼6.5 V) was observed for NW devices than that of TF devices (∼5.25 V) under dark condition. In addition, TiO2-NW-based devices show twofold improvement in photodetection efficiency in the UV region, compared with TiO2-TF-based devices.
Low-pressure water vapour plasma treatment of surfaces for biomolecules decontamination
Authors: Fumagalli F , Kylián O , Amato L , Hanuš J , Rossi F 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Decontamination treatments of surfaces are performed on bacterial spores, albumin and brain homogenate used as models of biological contaminations in a low-pressure, inductively coupled plasma reactor operated with water-vapour-based gas mixtures. It is shown that removal of contamination can be achieved using pure H2O or Ar/H2O mixtures at low temperatures with removal rates comparable to oxygen-based mixtures. Particle fluxes (Ar+ ions, O and H atomic radicals and OH molecular radicals) from water vapour discharge are measured by optical emission spectroscopy and Langmuir probe under several operating conditions. Analysis of particle fluxes and removal rates measurements illustrates the role of ion bombardment associated with O radicals, governing the removal rates of organic matter. Auxiliary role of hydroxyl radicals is discussed on the basis of experimental data. The advantages of a water vapour plasma process are discussed for practical applications in medical devices decontamination.
Self-irradiation of thin SiC nanowires with low-energy ions: a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Sun Lixin , Lan Chune , Zhao Shijun , Xue Jianming , Wang Yugang 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Irradiation of ultra-thin silicon carbide nanowires (SiC NWs) with low-energy ions was investigated with the molecular dynamics (MD) method. The energies of the incident Si and C ions varied from 0.2 to 5.0 keV. Simulation results show that the ion range predicted by the SRIM code is a little shorter than that obtained from the MD simulation when the incident energy is low and the implanted ions can form a peak-like distribution inside the NW. Compared with bulk material, the sputtering yield of the SiC NW is much higher as a result of the NW's larger surface-to-volume ratio, and for a high ion energy, the sputtering yields show a different dependence to the nuclear stopping power because the NW's limited volume stops the collision cascade from fully evolving. Moreover, the calculated short-range order values indicate that the amorphous degree for most irradiated samples is acceptable and repairable. For a high ion energy range, the SiC NW is more difficult to amorphize compared with bulk SiC. By carefully optimizing the implantation parameters, a desirable distribution of dopants can be achieved in the thin SiC NW while the irradiation damage is kept at an acceptable level.
SAMSCOPE: an OpenGL-based real-time interactive scale-free SAM viewer
Authors: Popendorf Kris , Sakakibara Yasubumi 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Summary: Existing SAM visualization tools like ‘samtools tview’ (Li et al., 2009) are limited to a small region of the genome, and tools like Tablet (Milne et al., 2010) are limited to a relatively small number of reads and may fail outright on large datasets. We need to visualize complex ChIP-Seq and RNA-Seq features such as polarity as well as coverage across whole 3 Gbp genomes such as Human. We have addressed these problems in a lightweight visualization system called SAMSCOPE accelerated by OpenGL. The extensive pre-processing and fast OpenGL interface of SAMSCOPE provides instantaneous and intuitive browsing of complex data at all levels of detail across multiple experiments.
Availability and implementation: The SAMSCOPE software, implemented in C++ for Linux, with source code, binary packages and documentation are freely available from http://samscope.dna.bio.keio.ac.jp.
Contact: yasu@bio.keio.ac.jp
Thermal windows supporting survival of the earliest life stages of Baltic herring (Clupea harengus)
Authors: Peck Myron A. , Kanstinger Philipp , Holste Linda , Martin Meike 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Peck, M. A., Kanstinger, P., Holste, L., and Martin, M. 2012. Thermal windows supporting survival of the earliest life stages of Baltic herring (Clupea harengus). – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 529–536. Projecting climate-driven changes in marine systems will require knowledge on how thermal windows affect the vital rates of key species. To examine the potential, direct effect of climate-driven warming on southwest Baltic herring, we quantified the survival, development, and biochemical condition of embryos (eggs and yolk-sac larvae) at ten temperatures between 2.9 and 21.7°C. Viable hatch was highest from 7 to 13°C, <20% at 2.9°C and 0% at 21.7°C. Between 5 and 19°C, increasing temperature (T) decreased the time to 50% hatch (Ht, h,): Ht = 4461.9 × T − 1.24 (r2 = 0.98, p < 0.0001). Using degree-days [°d = T (°C) × age (d)] could normalize some (but not all) thermal effects. Most hatching occurred 90–120°d post-fertilization, unfed larvae lost 0.33 µg dry mass (DM) °d−1, larvae did not survive >160°d post-hatch. RNA–DNA ratios rapidly decreased between 50 and 80°d post-hatch, whereas DNA ×DM−1 increased throughout the yolk-sac phase and likely provides a stronger indicator of irreversible starvation. The critical, “mixed feeding” stage is likely 60–100°d post-hatch. The broad thermal tolerance of herring embryos makes “direct”, negative effects of warming unlikely; however, a lack of common methods among studies makes it difficult to project how climate warming will affect embryos of different fish populations and species.
Reactive Oxygen Species-Driven Transcription in Arabidopsis under Oxygen Deprivation
Authors: Pucciariello Chiara , Parlanti Sandro , Banti Valeria , Novi Giacomo , Perata Pierdomenico 
Published: March 2012

AbstractReactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role as triggers of gene expression during biotic and abiotic stresses, among which is low oxygen (O2). Previous studies have shown that ROS regulation under low O2 is driven by a RHO-like GTPase that allows tight control of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production. H2O2 is thought to regulate the expression of heat shock proteins, in a mechanism that is common to both O2 deprivation and to heat stress. In this work, we used publicly available Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) microarray datasets related to ROS and O2 deprivation to define transcriptome convergence pattern. Our results show that although Arabidopsis response to anoxic and hypoxic treatments share a common core of genes related to the anaerobic metabolism, they differ in terms of ROS-related gene response. We propose that H2O2 production under O2 deprivation is a trait present in a very early phase of anoxia, and that ROS are needed for the regulation of a set of genes belonging to the heat shock protein and ROS-mediated groups. This mechanism, likely not regulated via the N-end rule pathway for O2 sensing, is probably mediated by a NADPH oxidase and it is involved in plant tolerance to the stress.
Handling ligands with Coot
Authors: Debreczeni Judit É. , Emsley Paul 
Published: March 2012

Coot is a molecular-graphics application primarily aimed to assist in model building and validation of biological macromolecules. Recently, tools have been added to work with small molecules. The newly incorporated tools for the manipulation and validation of ligands include interaction with PRODRG, subgraph isomorphism-based tools, representation of ligand chemistry, ligand fitting and analysis, and are described here.
Combined spinal epidural vs epidural labour analgesia: does initial intrathecal analgesia reduce the subsequent minimum local analgesic concentration of epidural bupivacaine?
Authors: Patel N. P. , Armstrong S. L. , Fernando R. , Columb M. O. , Bray J. K. , Sodhi V. , Lyons G. R. 
Published: March 2012

SummaryLabour analgesia initiated using a combined spinal‐epidural (CSE) technique may reduce subsequent epidural bupivacaine requirements compared with an epidural‐only technique. We compared the minimum local analgesic concentrations (MLAC) of epidural bupivacaine following initial intrathecal or epidural injection. In a prospective, double‐blind study, 115 women requesting epidural analgesia were randomly assigned to receive either an epidural with bupivacaine 20 mg and fentanyl 40 μg or a CSE with intrathecal bupivacaine 2.5 mg and fentanyl 5 μg. Analgesia was assessed using a visual analogue pain score. When further analgesia was requested, bupivacaine 20 ml was given, and the concentration was determined using the technique of up‐down sequential allocation. The MLAC of bupivacaine in the epidural group was 0.032% wt/vol (95% CI 0.020–0.044) compared with 0.047% wt/vol (95% CI 0.042–0.052) in the CSE group. Bupivacaine requirements for the second injection were increased following intrathecal analgesia by a factor of 1.45 (p = 0.026) compared with epidural analgesia.
Acute pulmonary oedema in pregnant women
Authors: Dennis A. T. , Solnordal C. B. 
Published: March 2012

SummaryAcute pulmonary oedema in pregnant women is an uncommon but life‐threatening event. The aims of this review are to address why pulmonary oedema occurs in pregnant women and to discuss immediate management. We performed a systematic literature search of electronic databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library, using the key words obstetrics, pregnancy, acute pulmonary oedema, pregnancy complications, maternal, cardiac function and haemodynamics. We present a simple clinical classification of acute pulmonary oedema in pregnancy into pulmonary oedema occurring in normotensive or hypotensive women (i.e. without hypertension), and acute pulmonary oedema occurring in hypertensive women, which allows focused management. Pre‐eclampsia remains an important cause of hypertensive acute pulmonary oedema in pregnancy and preventive strategies include close clinical monitoring and restricted fluid administration. Immediate management of acute pulmonary oedema includes oxygenation, ventilation and circulation control with venodilators. Pregnancy‐specific issues include consideration of the physiological changes of pregnancy, the risk of aspiration and difficult airway, reduced respiratory and metabolic reserve, avoidance of aortocaval compression and delivery of the fetus.
A randomised comparison of the LMA Supreme™ and LMA ProSeal™ in children
Authors: Jagannathan N. , Sohn L. E. , Sawardekar A. , Gordon J. , Langen K. E. , Anderson K. 
Published: March 2012

SummaryWe conducted a randomised trial comparing the size‐2 LMA Supreme™ with the LMA ProSeal™ in 60 children undergoing surgery. The outcomes measured were airway leak pressure, ease and time for insertion, fibreoptic examination, incidence of gastric insufflation, ease of gastric tube placement, quality of the airway during anaesthetic maintenance and complications. There were no statistically significant differences between the LMA Supreme and LMA ProSeal in median (IQR [range]) insertion time (12 (10–15 [7–18]) s vs 12 (10–13 [8–25]) s; p = 0.90), airway leak pressures (19 (16–21 [12–30]) cmH2O vs 18 (16–24 [10–34]) cmH2O; p = 0.55), fibreoptic position of the airway or drain tube, ease of gastric access and complications. Both devices provided effective ventilation requiring minimal airway manipulation. The LMA Supreme can be a useful alternative to the LMA ProSeal when single‐use supraglottic devices with gastric access capabilities are required.
Combining quantitative trait loci and heterogeneous microarray data analyses reveals putative candidate pathways affecting mastitis in cattle
Authors: Lewandowska‐Sabat A. M. , Günther J. , Seyfert H. M. , Olsaker I. 
Published: March 2012

SummaryMastitis is a frequent disease and considerable problem for the global dairy industry. Identification of solutions leading to the development of new control strategies is therefore of high importance. In this study, we have integrated genomic data from genome‐wide association mapping in cattle with transcriptomic data from microarray studies of several mastitis pathogens and host species in vitro and in vivo. To identify significant candidate pathways directly and indirectly involved in the immune response to mastitis, ingenuity pathway analysis (ipa) and database for annotation, visualization and integrated discovery bioinformatic (david) were applied. Several candidate pathways were found. Of great interest are IL‐17 and IL‐8 signalling pathways, responsible for the recruitment and migration of inflammatory cells into tissue during inflammation and infection. These results may emphasize further functional studies for identification of factors contributing to resistance to mastitis pathogens in cattle.
Children's and parents' thoughts and feelings about adoption, birth culture identity and discrimination in families with internationally adopted children
Authors: Reinoso Marta , Juffer Femmie , Tieman Wendy 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTWe examined the perceptions of adoption and related issues in 68 families with internationally adopted children in Spain (48 transracial and 20 same‐race adoptions). The adopted children, between the ages of 8 and 12 years, and their parents answered questions about the children's thoughts and feelings about adoption. Descriptive data and scores on four scales – family, adoption, birth culture identity and discrimination – were obtained. Compared with same‐race adoptees, transracial adoptees scored significantly higher on birth culture identity and perceived discrimination. High levels of convergence between the children's and parents' viewpoints on the experiences of adoption and related issues were found. Nevertheless, the adopted children scored higher than their parents on birth culture identity, suggesting that at this age adoptive parents may underestimate their children's connection to their cultural origins. In contrast, the same‐race adoptees scored significantly lower on perceived discrimination than their mothers. We conclude that at this age adoptive parents should acknowledge their adopted child's daily‐life experiences regarding cultural identity with the birth country and discrimination.
Relationship between conventional sperm parameters and motile sperm organelle morphology examination (MSOME)
Authors: Perdrix A. , Saïdi R. , Ménard J. F. , Gruel E. , Milazzo J. P. , Macé B. , Rives N. 
Published: March 2012

SummaryWith the motile sperm organelle morphology examination (MSOME), spermatozoa morphology may be assessed directly on motile spermatozoa at high magnification (up to 6600×). This procedure describes more precisely spermatozoa abnormalities, especially head vacuoles. However, no consensus has been established concerning normal or abnormal MSOME criteria. The aim of our study was to define MSOME vacuole criteria assessed objectively with a digital imaging system software to establish a potential relationship between conventional semen parameters. A total of 440 semen samples were obtained from males consulting in Rouen University Hospital Reproductive Biology Laboratory. Conventional semen analysis (volume, sperm concentration, progressive motility, vitality and morphology) and MSOME assessment {sperm head length, width and area as well as vacuole number, vacuole area and relative vacuole area to sperm head [RVA (%) = [vacuole area (μm2)/head area (μm2)] × 100)]} were performed for each semen sample. Among our 440 males, 109 presented normal conventional semen parameters and 331 abnormal ones. Sperm head vacuoles were significantly larger in abnormal semen samples (p < 0.0001). RVA was the most discriminative MSOME criterion between normal and abnormal semen samples according to ROC curves analysis, and was negatively correlated with poor sperm morphology (r = −0.53, p < 0.0001). We concluded to (i) the normal occurrence of vacuoles in sperm head whatever the normality or abnormality of semen parameters, (ii) the discriminative function of the RVA to distinguish semen samples with normal and abnormal parameters, and (iii) the strong correlation between high RVA and poor sperm morphology.
Effects of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) deficiency in mice on Sertoli cell proliferation and perinatal testis development
Authors: Auharek S. A. , Lara N. L. M. , Avelar G. F. , Sharpe R. M. , França L. R. 
Published: March 2012

SummaryNitric oxide (NO) plays crucial roles in several physiological and pathological conditions. The iNOS isoform produces high levels of NO independent of intracellular calcium and, in the testis, which is expressed in Sertoli (SC), Leydig (LC) and germ cells. The testicular roles of NO are unclear, but it can inhibit LC testosterone production. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of iNOS deficiency on testis development in mice from late fetal life through early puberty. Therefore, testes from wild type (C57BCL/6) and iNOS−/− mice (B6.129P2‐ Nos2tm1Lau/J) were sampled at various ages between e18.5 and Pnd20 and evaluated by histological and stereological analyses; proliferating cells were labelled with 3H‐thymidine. At all ages, testis weight and anogenital index, a measure of fetal androgen exposure, were greater in iNOS‐deficient mice than in wild type mice. At all ages after birth, iNOS‐deficient mice exhibited increased (p < 0.05) SC number per testis, and this was accounted for by a higher SC proliferation index (p < 0.05) in iNOS‐deficient mice, especially on Pnd1 and Pnd5. Similarly, LC number per testis was higher (p < 0.05) in iNOS−/− mice than in wild type at all post‐natal ages. Highly positive and significant correlations were observed between the proliferation index for SC, LC and peritubular myoid cells on e18.5 and post‐natally. Although lumen formation was slightly advanced in iNOS−/− mice, no obvious other effects on pubertal testis development were observed. These results imply that NO may normally constrain testis somatic cell development, especially SC, perhaps by limiting testosterone production. Removal of this constraint results in normal, but larger, testes with greater sperm production. Our data pinpoint the window of iNOS (NO) action on SC proliferation and raise the possibility that experimental manipulation of NO in early post‐natal life could be used to enhance SC proliferation if this was deficient for any reason.
External validity of physical activity interventions for community‐dwelling older adults with fall risk: a quantitative systematic literature review
Authors: McMahon Siobhan , Fleury Julie 
Published: March 2012

mcmahon s. & fleury j. (2012) External validity of physical activity interventions for community‐dwelling older adults with fall risk: a quantitative systematic literature review. Journal of Advanced Nursing68(10), 2140–2154.AbstractAim.  To appraise the external validity of physical activity interventions designed to reduce falls among community‐dwelling older adults, using the reach, efficacy/effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance framework.Background.  Falls are a globally common, important, and a preventable problem. The efficacy of physical activity interventions to reduce falls among older adults is well established. Translation of this research into practice is slow as evidenced by persistently low proportions of older adults who engage in physical activities and the rising incidence of falls.Data sources.  Four electronic databases were searched for relevant studies published between 2000–2010. Studies that examined the effects of physical activity interventions designed to reduce falls among community‐dwelling older adults were included in this review (n = 46).Design.  This was a quantitative systematic review with narrative synthesis. The reach, efficacy/effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance framework guided the identification, appraisal, and synthesis of indicators representing study validity.Results.  The majority of studies in this review described indicators representing internal validity. Details about indicators representing external validity were reported infrequently, limiting the generalizability of fall‐preventive physical activity interventions in diverse cultures and social contexts over time.Conclusions.  To foster translational research in real world settings, additional programmatic intervention research is needed that: (i) targets diverse populations; (ii) incorporates theories of behavioural change; (iii) describes and operationalizes critical content that enables replication and translation; (iv) tests innovative measures of fall risk and physical activity; and (v) evaluates feasibility and acceptability.
The structural relationships between organizational commitment, global job satisfaction, developmental experiences, work values, organizational support, and person‐organization fit among nursing faculty
Authors: Gutierrez Antonio P. , Candela Lori L. , Carver Lara 
Published: March 2012

gutierrez a.p., candela l.l. & carver l. (2012) The structural relationships between organizational commitment, global job satisfaction, developmental experiences, work values, organizational support, and person‐organization fit among nursing faculty. Journal of Advanced Nursing68(7), 1601–1614.AbstractAim.  The aim of this correlational study was to examine the relations between organizational commitment, perceived organizational support, work values, person‐organization fit, developmental experiences, and global job satisfaction among nursing faculty.Background.  The global nursing shortage is well documented. At least 57 countries have reported critical shortages. The lack of faculty is finally being recognized as a major issue directly influencing the ability to admit and graduate adequate numbers of nurses. As efforts increase to both recruit and retain faculty, the concept of organizational commitment and what it means to them is important to consider.Design.  A cross‐sectional correlational design was used.Methods.  The present study investigated the underlying structure of various organizational factors using structural equation modelling. Data were collected from a stratified random sample of nurse faculty during the academic year 2006–2007.Results.  The final model demonstrated that perceived organizational support, developmental experiences, person‐organization fit, and global job satisfaction positively predicted nurse faculty’s organizational commitment to the academic organization. Cross‐validation results indicated that the final full SEM is valid and reliable.Conclusions.  Nursing faculty administrators able to use mentoring skills are well equipped to build positive relationships with nursing faculty, which in turn, can lead to increased organizational commitment, productivity, job satisfaction, and perceived organizational support, among others.