bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endostatin Concentration in Cord Plasma Predicts the Development of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Very Low Birth Weight Infants
Authors: Janér Joakim , Andersson Sture , Kajantie Eero , Lassus Patrik 
Published: March 2009

INTRODUCTION. Endostatin is an antiangiogenic growth factor. Together with proangiogenic growth factors it acts to shape the developing vasculature. Dysregulation of angiogenesis is a component in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
OBJECTIVE. Our goal was to study whether the concentration of circulating endostatin at birth is associated with the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very low birth weight infants.
PATIENTS AND METHODS. Endostatin concentration was measured in cord plasma from 92 very low birth weight infants (gestational age &lt; 32 weeks; birth weight &lt; 1500 g) and 48 healthy term infants (gestational age &gt; 37 weeks; birth weight &gt; 2500 g).
RESULTS. Endostatin concentration in very low birth weight infants was lower than in healthy term infants. Within the very low birth weight group no correlation existed between endostatin concentration and gestational age or relative birth weight. Very low birth weight infants who subsequently developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia had higher cord endostatin than those who did not. Higher endostatin concentration was associated with higher odds for bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Adjusted for gestational age, the odds for bronchopulmonary dysplasia were higher.
CONCLUSIONS. Circulating endostatin in term infants was higher than in very low birth weight infants, suggesting a temporal pattern for fetal endostatin concentration. In very low birth weight infants a high concentration of circulating endostatin at birth is associated with the subsequent development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Early Exposure to Movie Smoking Predicts Established Smoking by Older Teens and Young Adults
Authors: Dalton Madeline A. , Beach Michael L. , Adachi-Mejia Anna M. , Longacre Meghan R. , Matzkin Aurora L. , Sargent James D. , Heatherton Todd F. , Titus-Ernstoff Linda 
Published: March 2009

OBJECTIVE. Movie smoking exposure is a strong predictor of smoking initiation by adolescents; however, we do not know whether it is a long-term predictor of established smoking. We conducted a prospective study to determine whether movie smoking exposure during early adolescence predicts established smoking in older teens and young adults.
DESIGN. We assessed movie smoking exposure and smoking status through a written school-based survey in 1999, when participants were 10 to 14 years of age. We enrolled 73% (n = 2603) of those who had never tried smoking in a follow-up study. In 2006–2007, we conducted telephone interviews with 69% (n = 1791) of the cohort to ascertain current smoking status. The primary outcome was established smoking, defined as having smoked &gt;100 cigarettes. Mean age at follow-up was 18.7 years.
RESULTS. Thirteen percent (n = 235) progressed from never smoking to established smoking during the follow-up period. Eighty-nine percent (n = 209) of established smokers smoked during the 30 days before the survey. Even after controlling for a wide range of baseline characteristics, the relative risk for established smoking increased by one third with each successive quartile of movie smoking exposure. Those in the highest quartile for baseline movie smoking exposure were twice as likely to be established smokers at follow-up compared with those in the lowest quartile.
CONCLUSIONS. Movie smoking exposure significantly predicted progression to established smoking in long-term follow-up. We estimate that 34.9% of established smoking in this cohort can be attributed to movie smoking exposure.
Voluntary Ingestion of Soft Plastic Fishing Lures Affects Brook Trout Growth in the Laboratory
Authors: Danner G. Russell , Chacko Jim , Brautigam Francis 
Published: March 2009

Abstract
Thirty-eight brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis were fed a commercial trout diet mixed with a free-choice assortment of soft plastic lures (SPLs) over a 90-d period. Fish growth was recorded and compared with that of a control group. The brook trout readily ate the SPLs from the water's surface as well as from the tank bottom. At the conclusion of the study, SPLs were recovered from the stomachs of 63% of the test fish. Several fish stomachs contained multiple lures. Twelve percent of the fish voluntarily ingested more than 10% of their body mass in SPLs. These fish lost a significant amount of weight during the study, had a significant decrease in body condition factor, and began displaying anorexic behaviors. For these reasons, anglers should be discouraged from discarding used SPLs in trout waters.
Variability of resting endoscopic grading for assessment of recurrent laryngeal neuropathy in horses
Authors: PERKINS J. D. , SALZ R. O. , SCHUMACHER J. , LIVESEY L. , PIERCY R. J. , BARAKZAl S. Z. 
Published: March 2009

Summary Reasons for performing study: The extent to which variability affects endoscopic grading of arytenoid cartilage movement is uncertain. Objective: To determine the observer and within horse variability of grading arytenoid cartilage movement in horses during resting endoscopic examination, using a 7‐grade system. Methods: Endoscopic recordings of the upper respiratory tract made at rest in 270 draught horses were reviewed independently by 2 veterinarians to assess interobserver variability when scoring horses' laryngeal function with a 7‐grade system. Grading was repeated by both examiners in 80 randomly selected recordings in order to assess intraobserver variability. In 120 horses, endoscopy was repeated after 24–48 h, with videos graded by both veterinarians to assess intrahorse variability. Results: The mean weighted κ statistic for concordance within examiners was 0.867, with a mean intraobserver agreement of 76.3%. The weighted κ statistic for concordance between the 2 examiners was 0.765, with an interobserver agreement of 63.1%. Of the horses receiving 2 endoscopic examinations, the same grade was assigned to 57.1% of horses at the second examination, when effects resulting from interobserver variability were removed. The mean weighted κ statistic for concordance between the grade assigned at first vs. second examinations was 0.588, indicating only moderate agreement. Conclusions and potential relevance: Intra‐ and interobserver reliability of resting endoscopic grading of arytenoid cartilage movement using a 7‐grade system was high when examinations were conducted by experienced veterinarians. However, there was moderate daily intrahorse variability, suggesting that results of resting endoscopic examinations performed on a single day should be interpreted with caution.
A novel composite targeting method using high-field magnetic resonance imaging for subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation
Authors: Toda Hiroki , Sawamoto Nobukatsu , Hanakawa Takashi , Saiki Hidemoto , Matsumoto Sadayuki , Okumura Ryosuke , Ishikawa Masatsune , Fukuyama Hidenao , Hashimoto Nobuo 
Published: March 2009

Object
Accurate localization of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is important for proper placement of the electrodes in deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery for patients with advanced Parkinson disease. The authors evaluated the accuracy of our modified composite targeting method and the value of using high-field MR imaging for targeting the STN.

Methods
Thirteen patients with advanced Parkinson disease underwent bilateral STN DBS based on 3-T MR imaging, and 13 patients underwent surgery based on 1.5-T MR imaging. By sequentially referring to the postmammillary commissure, the red nucleus, the mammillothalamic tract, and the STN, the modified composite targeting method determined the stereotactic coordinates for targeting the STN. The accuracy and efficacy of the composite targeting method and 3-T MR imaging were evaluated by using the intraoperative microelectrode recording, the postoperative imaging study, and the postoperative clinical improvement.

Results
The landmark structures for targeting the STN were visualized clearly with 3-T MR imaging. The mean (± SD) path length through the STN of the central track was 4.9 ± 1.1 mm in the 3-T group and 3.1 ± 2.0 mm in the 1.5-T group (p < 0.001). Twenty-one (81%) of 26 electrodes were placed in the central track in the 3-T group, whereas 8 (31%) of 26 electrodes were placed in the central track in the 1.5-T group (p = 0.006). The rest of the electrodes were placed in the noncentral optimum track for alleviating parkinsonian motor symptoms. The mean Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale motor part score during off period was reduced by 53% in the 3-T group and by 41% in the 1.5-T group (p = 0.14). The mean reductions of levodopa equivalent daily doses were 48.6% in the 3-T group and 43.7% in the 1.5-T group (p = 0.61).

Conclusions
The use of the modified composite targeting method referring to the multiple landmarks with 3-T MR imaging offers reliable and clinically effective target for STN DBS surgery.
Factors affecting postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leaks after retrosigmoidal craniotomy for vestibular schwannomas
Authors: Stieglitz Lennart H. , Wrede Karsten H. , Gharabaghi Alireza , Gerganov Venelin M. , Samii Amir , Samii Madjid , Luedemann Wolf O. 
Published: March 2009

Object
The aim of this study was to identify patients likely to develop CSF leaks after vestibular schwannoma surgery using a retrospective analysis for the identification of risk factors.

Methods
Between January 2001 and December 2006, 420 patients underwent retrosigmoidal microsurgical tumor removal in a standardized procedure. Of these 420 patients, 363 underwent treatment for the first time, and 27 suffered from recurrent tumors. Twenty-six patients had bilateral tumors due to neurofibromatosis Type 2, and 4 patients had previously undergone radiosurgical treatment. An analysis was performed to examine the incidence of postoperative CSF fistulas in all 4 groups.

Results
The incidence of CSF leakage was higher in the tumor recurrence group (11.1%) than in patients undergoing surgery for the first time (4.4%). There were no CSF fistulas in the neurofibromatosis Type 2 group or in patients with preoperative radiosurgical treatment. Tumor size was identified as a possible risk factor in a previous study.

Conclusions
Surgery for recurrent tumors is a significant risk factor for the development of CSF leaks.
Stent-assisted coil embolization followed by a stent-within-a-stent technique for ruptured dissecting aneurysms of the intracranial vertebrobasilar artery
Authors: Suh Sang Hyun , Kim Byung Moon , Park Sung Il , Kim Dong Ik , Shin Yong Sam , Kim Eui Jong , Chung Eun Chul , Koh Jun Seok , Shin Hyun Cheol , Choi Chun Sik , Won Yu Sam 
Published: March 2009

Object
A ruptured dissecting aneurysm of the vertebrobasilar artery (VBA-DA) is a well-known cause of acute subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) with a high rate of early rebleeding. Internal trapping of the parent artery, including the dissected segment, is one of the most reliable techniques to prevent rebleeding. However, for a ruptured VBA-DA not suitable for internal trapping, the optimal treatment method has not been well established. The authors describe their experience in treating ruptured VBA-DAs not amenable to internal trapping of the parent artery with stent-assisted coil embolization (SAC) followed by a stent-within-a-stent (SWS) technique.

Methods
Eleven patients—6 men and 5 women with a mean age of 48 years and each with a ruptured VBA-DA not amenable to internal trapping of the parent artery—underwent an SAC-SWS between November 2005 and October 2007. The feasibility and clinical and angiographic outcomes of this combined procedure were retrospectively evaluated.

Results
The SAC-SWS was successful without any treatment-related complications in all 11 patients. Immediate posttreatment angiograms revealed complete obliteration of the DA sac in 3 patients, near-complete obliteration in 7, and partial obliteration in 1. One patient died as a direct consequence of the initial SAH. All 10 surviving patients had excellent clinical outcomes (Glasgow Outcome Scale Score 5) without posttreatment rebleeding during a follow-up period of 8–24 months (mean follow-up 15 months). Angiographic follow-up at 6–12 months after treatment was possible at least once in all surviving patients. Nine VBA-DAs showed complete obliteration; the other aneurysm, which had appeared partially obliterated immediately after treatment, demonstrated progressive obliteration on 2 consecutive follow-up angiography studies. There was no in-stent stenosis or occlusion of the branch or perforating vessels.

Conclusions
The SAC-SWS technique seems to be a feasible and effective reconstructive treatment option for a ruptured VBA-DA. The technique may be considered as an alternative therapeutic option in selected patients with ruptured VBA-DAs unsuitable for internal trapping of the parent artery.
Endovascular balloon angioplasty for treatment of posttraumatic venous sinus thrombosis
Authors: Bishop Frank S. , Finn Michael A. , Samuelson Mical , Schmidt Richard H. 
Published: March 2009

In severe cases, posttraumatic cerebral sinus thrombosis can result in venous congestion and persistent intracranial hypertension refractory to both conventional medical therapy and surgical decompression. The authors report a unique case of a patient successfully treated with endovascular mechanical thrombolysis using balloon angioplasty for clinically significant posttraumatic venous sinus thrombosis and review the reported treatments for cerebral venous sinus occlusive disease.
This 18-year-old man suffered severe closed head injury from a fall while skateboarding. A head CT scan demonstrated basilar skull fractures involving the left jugular foramen. A CT angiogram revealed thrombosis of the left transverse sinus and occlusion of the sigmoid sinus and internal jugular vein. Despite treatment with anticoagulation therapy and decompressive hemi- and suboccipital craniectomies, intracranial hypertension remained refractory. Serial angiography demonstrated progressive sinus occlusion. Endovascular balloon thrombolysis of the left transverse and sigmoid sinuses resulted in immediate reduction of intracranial pressures and improved sinus patency. Intracranial pressure measurements remained low after the procedure. The patient eventually improved neurologically, was able to follow commands and walk, and was discharged to a rehabilitation facility for further recovery.
Anticoagulation therapy, surgical decompression, and endovascular thrombolysis have been reported as treatment modalities for clinically significant posttraumatic venous sinus thrombosis. In this case, endovascular mechanical thrombolysis with balloon angioplasty resulted in resolution of thrombus and successful immediate reduction of intracranial pressure. This treatment may be considered in patients with critically elevated intracranial pressure from posttraumatic venous sinus occlusion refractory to other treatment measures.
Epidemiology of Stemphylium Blight of Lentil
Authors: Huq M Ihsanul , Khan AZM Nowsher Ali 
Published: March 2009

Among the atmospheric factors maximum and minimum temperature, relative humidity ranging from 20.5-29.0Â°C (mean 23.7Â°C), 5.4-13.3Â°C (mean 14.2Â°C) and 78.0-84.5% (mean 81.0%), 48.0-63.0% (mean 55.5%) respectively are the predisposing factors for disease initiation. Whereas the maximum and minimum temperature, relative humidity ranging from 20.5-35.0Â°C and 13.0-21.0Â°C, 78.0 - 100.0% and 48.0-80.2% respectively and rainfall 1.2-14.6mm are favorable for disease development. The trends of disease development among the sowing dates were similar. The lowest and the highest severity were noted on November 01 and December 30 respectively. Key words: Epidemiology, Stemphylium blight, Lentil and Meteorological factor. Â doi: 10.3329/bjsir.v43i4.2241 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(4), 513-520, 2008
Monitoring roughness and edge shape on semiconductors through multiresolution and multivariate image analysis
Authors: Facco Pierantonio , Bezzo Fabrizio , Barolo Massimiliano , Mukherjee Rajib , Romagnoli José A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractPhotolithography is one of the most important processes in the production of integrated circuits. Usually, attentive inspections are required after this process, but are limited to the measurement of some physical parameters such as the critical dimension and the line edge roughness. In this paper, a novel multiresolution multivariate technique is presented to identify the abnormalities on the surface of a photolithographed device and the location of defects in a sensitive fashion by comparing it to a reference optimum, and generating fast, meaningful and reliable information. After analyzing the semiconductor surface image in different levels of resolutions via wavelet decomposition, the application of multivariate statistical monitoring tools allows the in‐depth examination of the imprinted features of the product. A two level nested PCA model is used for surface roughness monitoring, while a new strategy based on “spatial moving window” PCA is proposed to analyze the shape of the patterned surface. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is tested in the case of semiconductor surface SEM images after the photolithography process. The approach is general and can be applied also to inspect a product through different types of images, different phases of the same production systems, or different processes. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009
Cover Picture: Metallic Impurities within Residual Catalyst Metallic Nanoparticles Are in Some Cases Responsible for “Electrocatalytic” Effect of Carbon Nanotubes (Chem. Asian J. 4/2009)
Authors: Pumera Martin , Iwai Hideo 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAt first sight, carbon nanotubes seem to be perfect materials, but appearances can be deceptive. Carbon nanotubes contain impurities and these impurities are often contaminated by yet other impurities. Interestingly, while main impurities (such as Co and Mo) are not electrochemically active, impurities of impurities (such as Fe in this case) dominate the electrochemistry of carbon nanotubes for reduction of important biomarkers, such as hydrogen peroxide. H. Iwai and M. Pumera discuss the importance of this observation in their Full Paper on page 554 ff.magnified image
Solution structure of a novel T‐cell adhesion inhibitor derived from the fragment of ICAM‐1 receptor: Cyclo(1,8)‐Cys‐Pro‐Arg‐Gly‐Gly‐Ser‐Val‐Cys
Authors: Tejo Bimo A. , Siahaan Teruna J. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis study is aimed at elucidating the structure of a novel T‐cell adhesion inhibitor, cyclo(1,8)‐CPRGGSVC using one‐ and two‐dimensional (2D) 1H NMR and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The peptide is derived from the sequence of its parent peptide cIBR (cyclo(1,12)‐PenPRGGSVLVTGC), which is a fragment of intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1). Our previous results show that the cyclo(1,8)‐CPRGGSVC peptide binds to the LFA‐1 I‐domain and inhibits heterotypic T‐cell adhesion, presumably by blocking the LFA‐1/ICAM‐1 interactions. The structure of the peptide was determined using NMR and MD simulation in aqueous solution. Our results indicate that the peptide adopts type‐I β‐turn conformation at the Pro2‐Arg3‐Gly4‐Gly5 (PRGG) sequence. The β‐turn structure at the PRGG motif is well conserved in cIBR peptide and ICAM‐1 receptor, which suggests the importance of the PRGG motif for the biological activity of cyclo(1,8)‐CPRGGSVC peptide. Meanwhile, the Gly5‐Ser6‐Val7‐Cys8‐Cys1 (GSVCC) sequence forms a “turn‐like” random coil structure that does not belong to any structured motif. Therefore, cyclo(1,8)‐CPRGGSVC peptide has only one structured region at the PRGG sequence, which may play an important role in the binding of the peptide to the LFA‐1 I‐domain. The conserved β‐turn conformation of the PRGG motif in ICAM‐1, cIBR, and cyclo(1,8)‐CPRGGSVC peptides can potentially be used to design peptidomimetics. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 91: 633–641, 2009.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Power dissipation and flow patterns in reciprocating baffle‐plate columns
Authors: Baird M. H. I. , Rao N. V. Rama 
Published: March 2009

AbstractTime‐averaged power dissipation rates have been measured in water in a 19.4 cm diameter reciprocating plate column operating at frequencies 0.6 to 3 Hz and amplitudes 5 to 20 mm. Measurements were also taken in water in a 15 cm diameter column operated at 1 to 5.7 Hz with amplitudes 1 to 10 mm. Several different types of doughnut reciprocating plates, fitting close to the column wall, were investigated. Power consumption at high amplitudes agreed with the predicted values using the quasi‐steady flow model, while at low amplitudes the data were more in agreement with a recently proposed acoustic model. The measured power dissipations were slightly affected by the spacing between adjacent plates, and by the alignment of the holes in the case of plates with 3 holes. Flow patterns around the reciprocating plates were also observed with the aid of a thin beam of light reflecting from small particles suspended in the liquid. Well‐developed circulation patterns were observed, depending strongly on the axial spacing between the plates.
Simulation of FCC particles flow behavior in a CFB using modified kinetic theory
Authors: Seu‐Kim Hae , Arastoopour Hamid 
Published: March 2009

AbstractFCC particles, known as Geldart's group A particles, are slightly cohesive and have a wide range of particle size averaging 70 μm FCC particles have a tendency to form clusters or agglomerates in a gas/particles flow system. In order to understand the effect of cluster formations or agglomerations on the FCC particles flow behavior, a numerical simulation using our modified kinetic theory model for gas/FCC particles flow in a circulating fluidized bed was performed. The simulation results compared reasonably well with the experimental data of Miller and Gidaspow (1992).
A comprehensive heat transfer model for rotary desorbers
Authors: Cook Charles A. , Cundy Vic A. , Larsen Fred L. , Lighty Joann S. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA model that describes the heat transfer processes within a rotary desorber is presented. This model has several advantages over previous models. The method for calculating the wall‐to‐bed heat transfer rate includes the effects of moisture in the feed solids and allows for evaporation from the bed before the bulk bed temperature reaches the saturation temperature of the moisture. The method for calculating radiative heat transfer in the desorber accounts for the real nature of the participating gas and the amounts of CO2 and H2O in the gas phase from both combustion and evaporation. Results from experiments performed using a pilot‐scale desorber are discussed, and the model is validated by comparing the predicted bed temperature profiles and evaporation rates to those found experimentally. A preliminary attempt to account for the effects of a non‐uniform bed on the evaporation rate from the bed is also presented along with several parametric studies.