bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The "Practice Turn" in the Contemporary Socio-Human Sciences
Authors: Višňovský Emil 
Published: January 2010

The "Practice Turn" in the Contemporary Socio-Human Sciences
The paper provides an overview of the current situation in the socio-human sciences, which is characterised by attempts to overcome traditional one-sided approaches and look for new alternatives. One of the latest alternatives to traditional approaches in the philosophy and methodology of the social sciences is the "practice turn". It is the turn to another, non-traditional approach to practice but also to Aristotelian phronesis. The author gives an account of three main tenets of this turn with reference to both ancient Greek and modern conceptions of practice.
Practical Knowledge Versus Knowledge as Practice
Authors: Danka István 
Published: January 2010

Practical Knowledge Versus Knowledge as Practice
The main thesis of this essay is that practice is superior to a "theoretical vs. practical" distinction. In this sense, every sort of knowledge is essentially "practical"; so-called "theoretical" knowledge is an historically overemphasised borderline example of the practical. Based mostly on Wittgenstein's view, I shall gradually refine an opposition between theoretical and practical knowledge by analysing some related dualisms on an active, processual, communicative and applicative concept of knowledge. Then I will provide some arguments as to why knowledge as a practical matter in this sense should be seen as, both logically and temporally, prior to the distinction.
Value Oriented Science for A Sustainable Society
Authors: Huba Mikuláš 
Published: January 2010

Value Oriented Science for A Sustainable Society
The essay deals with the relationship between ethics, science and the character of society associated with challenges such as: What is the contemporary role of science in society and how does it fulfil it? Is value oriented "engaged" science possible? What does the responsibility of science mean? What is the reason for and the state of integrative, interdisciplinary, cross-disciplinary and/or post-disciplinary approaches in the science? What is the role and meaning of evaluation in scientific production and/or its usefulness? What is the value, cost and effectiveness of science? Is scientometrics an adequate answer? What is the role of ethics and science in the context of sustainable development/living/society? In the final section of the essay several examples drawing on the international as well as the national level are introduced. The ambition of the author, a professional environmental geographer, is not to submit an extensive excursion into most fashionable aspects of the topic within the global philosophical context. The author describes his own personal experience and position and tries to discover what the emerging challenges and threats in this field may be, first of all in the current Slovak context.
Class or Mass: Sport (for All) Politics at a Crossroads
Authors: Földesi Gyöngyi 
Published: January 2010

Class or Mass: Sport (for All) Politics at a CrossroadsHungarian sport politics has long tradition not to accomplish the — otherwise ideal — objectives declared in the overall sport conception for the same period. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the contemporary National Sports Strategies, the contradictory character of their realization and some major conditions of the improvement of all Hungarians' involvement in sport. By way of introduction the notions of sport policy, sport politics and sport for all politics are clarified. Then the methods for collecting information (analysis of documents, in-depth interviews and participant observation) are presented. The main body of the contribution consists of three parts. Firstly a brief overview is given on the legacy on the grounds of which the current sport politics had to start from, with great emphasis of the changing role of the state, civil society and the business sector in the process of planning, developing and supporting the population's sporting activity. Secondly the today's sport policy and the true situation in sport for all are discussed according to the following dimensions: (1) the underprivileged position of sport for all; (2) the lack of the necessary co-operation between sport and other sub-systems, such as education, public health; (3) the low proportion of state aid to be given for sport; (4) the disparity of state financing between the individual fields of sport: (5) the reinforcement of the increasing social inequality in sport. Thirdly the author makes attempts to outline a developmental trend state responsibility in sport for all by answering a crucial question: Whose responsibility is it? In conclusion it is stated that historical opportunity for changing radically the traditional sport politics was missed during the last 15-20 years. The political approach to sport by the individual governments might have been different, but the very essence of their sport politics was rather similar. The core values guiding their sport politics were very positive all the time; however they have not been realized in either period. The author is of the opinion that the vision of a "sporting nation" suggested by the present-day National Sport Strategy seems to be attractive, but she calls the attention to the missing political and financial garantees that would enable to approaching it and urges to promote a more democratic, a m ore just and a truly modern turn in sport politics
Valuation Methods of Sports Companies
Authors: Pawlak Zbigniew , Smoleń Andrzej 
Published: January 2010

Valuation Methods of Sports CompaniesThe valuation of sports companies is indispensable during commercial buy and sell transactions, restructuring processes, determining premiums for the purposes of property insurance.For the valuation of sports companies four approaches are possible i.e. assets-based, income-based, market-based and mixed-valuation approaches. For each approach there are specific company valuation methods. Using real-life examples, this paper discusses the following sports companies' valuation methods: book value, adjusted book value, replacement, liquidation, capitalized profit, discounted cash flow, comparative worth, market multiples and German valuation method. The mixed approach using the German method is applied when the output prices from conventional company valuation methods vary too much, and differences in values exceed 25%.From the management accounting perspective the skilful application of valuation methods to sports companies should be regarded as one of the prerequisites for effective management of sports companies.
Tourism through the Eyes of the Holy See
Authors: Dziubiński Zbigniew 
Published: January 2010

Tourism through the Eyes of the Holy SeeThe Vatican's vision of tourism is based on Christian humanism, integral humanism and personalism. At the very core of the vision are human beings, who are not only the creators of tourism but also its ultimate goal, and for this reason all values of the natural world should be unconditionally subordinated to the good that are people. Consequently, the fundamental goal of tourism is to satisfy the needs of exploration, relaxation, entertainment and, first and foremost, the spiritual and intellectual needs of every person. Tourism has to help build a sense of community. It should also contribute to the elimination of poverty and foster the sense of responsibility for the environment. Tourism must not be exclusive to the rich and it should never be a time of depravity, promiscuity and, consequently, the degradation of people. Tourism should become an opportunity for all people to discover their contemplative dimension, giving them a chance to see God in nature and first of all, in other people.
Past, Present and Future Perspective of Sport Tourism in Cyprus
Authors: Yiannakis Orphanos 
Published: January 2010

Past, Present and Future Perspective of Sport Tourism in CyprusTourism is one of the largest industries of the global economy. It produces more than $500 billion yearly and it is estimated that by 2011 it will have summated 10% of the global GDP (gross domestic product). More and more national economies are relying on the visiting tourist. Cyprus is one of the countries with a high degree of dependence. Mass tourism has been the driving force behind the economic development and prosperity enjoyed on the island. Although tourism has helped the economy of the country overcome difficult periods, the development of the industry today is being challenged. The mono-lateral development of the touristic product, the rivalry originating from other destinations, the dependence on tour operators, and seasonality made the country devise a strategic plan for the development of tourism. Sustainable development can be reached through the development of special-interest products; sport tourism is included in these as mentioned in the plan conducted by the CTO (Cyprus Sport Organization). In the first part of the paper the author attempts to provide an insight regarding the implications embedded in defining the phenomenon of sport tourism. In the second part, the potential and the need for the development of sport tourism is presented, especially after the incidents happening after 2001, namely terrorist attacks, natural disasters etc., in the international scene and specifically in Cyprus. In the third part, the author provides information regarding past and present tendencies and occurrences in the tourism sector in Cyprus and future prospects of sport tourism.
Effect of Treadmill Training and Supramalleolar Orthosis Use on Motor Skill Development in Infants With Down Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Looper Julia , Ulrich Dale A. 
Published: January 2010

BackgroundChildren with Down syndrome (DS) often display delayed onset of independent walking. Treadmill training is an effective intervention that leads to an earlier walking onset. In addition, orthoses often are provided to infants with DS to increase stability and promote earlier independent walking. However, this early use of orthoses has not been scientifically verified in infants with DS.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to provide insight into the developmental outcomes of early orthosis use in combination with treadmill training in infants with DS compared with treadmill training alone.DesignThis study was a randomized controlled trial.SettingThis study was conducted in participants’ homes and in the motor development laboratory.Participants and InterventionSeventeen infants with DS entered the study when they could pull themselves to a standing position. They were randomly assigned to either a control group (which received treadmill training) or an experimental group (which received treadmill training and orthoses). During monthly visits to the infants’ homes, 3 minutes of treadmill stepping was recorded and each child's motor development skills were tested. The treadmill training ended once the child took 3 independent steps. One month following walking onset, developmental tests were readministered.MeasurementsThe Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) was used to test motor skill development.ResultsThe average (SD) time in the study was 268 (88) days for the control group and 206 (109) days for the experimental group. All infants showed significantly increased GMFM scores over time. At 1 month of walking experience, the control group had higher GMFM scores than the experimental group, with higher standing and walking, running, and jumping subscale scores.LimitationsLimitations of this study included a small sample of convenience, a statistical model that may have reduced validity at the tail end, and a lack of blinding in the GMFM scorer.ConclusionsOrthoses may have a detrimental effect on overall gross motor skill development.
Exploring the Feasibility and Efficacy of a Telehealth Stroke Self-Management Programme: A Pilot Study
Authors: Huijbregts Maria P.J. , McEwen Sara , Taylor Denise 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: Moving On after STroke (MOST) is an established self-management programme for persons with stroke and their care partners. Through 18 sessions over 9 weeks, each including discussion and exercise, participants learn about goal-setting, problem-solving, exercise, and community-reintegration skills. This study was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of telehealth delivery of MOST. Method: Efficacy was evaluated using an experimental non-randomized trial comparing a telehealth MOST intervention group (T-MOST) (n = 10) with a waiting list control group (WLC) (n = 8). Outcome measures included the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the Reintegration to Normal Living Index, the Stroke-Adapted Sickness Impact Profile, Goal Attainment Scaling, and the Geriatric Depression Scale. The feasibility evaluation included attendance rates, focus groups, and facilitator logs. In MOST Telehealth, one co-facilitator was local and the other was connected by videoconference. Results: Attendance rates for persons with stroke (83.9%, SD = 2.6) and care partners (76.7%, SD = 2.9) and participant and facilitator experiences indicated feasibility of this mode of programme delivery. There was a significant difference in BBS scores between the T-MOST group and the WLC group (mean difference −4.27, 95%CI: −6.66 to −1.87). Participants reported additional benefits, including increased motivation and awareness of partners' needs. Videoconferencing was reported to decrease their sense of isolation. Conclusion: It appears feasible to deliver the MOST programme with two facilitators, one connected by videoconference and one in person. In addition, preliminary evidence suggests that the programme is associated with improved well-being in persons with stroke and their care partners. Practitioners delivering self-management programmes may consider wider dissemination using videoconferencing.
Effect of Acute Exercise on Upper-Limb Volume in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Pilot Study
Authors: McNeely Margaret L. , Campbell Kristin L. , Courneya Kerry S. , Mackey John R. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: Strenuous upper-extremity activity and/or exercise have traditionally been prescribed for breast cancer survivors with or at risk of developing lymphedema. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of an acute bout of exercise on upper-limb volume and symptoms in breast cancer survivors, with the intent to provide pilot data to guide a subsequent larger study. Methods: Twenty-three women who regularly participated in dragon-boat racing took part in the study. A single exercise bout was performed at a moderate intensity (rating of perceived exertion: 13–14) for 20 continuous minutes on an arm ergometer. The difference between affected and unaffected limb volume was assessed pre- and post-exercise via measurements of limb circumference at five time points. Results: Although limb volume increased following exercise in both limbs, the difference between the limbs remained stable at each measurement point. Only one participant was found to have an increase in arm-volume difference of >100 ml post intervention, and only four participants reported symptoms of tension and/or heaviness in the affected limb. Conclusion: The results suggest that limb volume in breast cancer survivors increases after an acute bout of upper-limb exercise but that, for the majority of women, the response is not different between affected and unaffected limbs. Future research using a larger sample and more sensitive measurement methods are recommended.
Azathioprine: Association with Therapy-related Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: KWONG YOK-LAM 
Published: January 2010

Objective.Azathioprine is widely used in patients with autoimmune diseases and after organ allografting. A recognized carcinogen, azathioprine is also associated with the development of therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia (t-MDS/AML).Methods.In 56 reported cases, azathioprine had been administered for a median of 65 months (range 6–192) to a median cumulative dose of 146 g (range 19–750) before t-MDS/AML developed.Results.In 11 patients, repeated episodes of cytopenias developed during azathioprine therapy, ante-dating the development of t-MDS/AML. In 33 cases with successful karyotypic analysis, 26 cases (79%) showed monosomy 7, deletion of the long arm of chromosomes 7 and 5, and rearrangement of chromosome 11q23. These changes were cytogenetic hallmarks of MDS/AML secondary to known leukemogenic agents and radiotherapy.Conclusion.The observations implicate azathioprine as a leukemogenic agent. It will be prudent to review the need for azathioprine therapy when unexpected cytopenias occur and prescription has been prolonged.
Notes on the Spruce Needle Miner, Taniva albolineana Kft. (Olethreutidae: Lepidoptera)
Authors: Cumming Margaret E. P. 
Published: January 2010

The spruce needle miner was first described by Kearfott in 1907 (4), as Lipoptycha albolineana sp. nov. It was given various names by different authors after that time, and in a revision by Heinrich (3) was placed in the new genus Taniva.The larvae of the spruce needle miner feed within the needles of spruce. They form a nest with the dead needles and frass held together with webbing. Ornamental trees are more often infested than forest trees. Young trees growing under adverse conditions are particularly susceptible to serious injury.
The Effect of Needle Structure upon the Susceptibility of Hosts to the Pine Needle Miner (Exoteleia pinifoliella (Chamb.)) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
Authors: Bennett William H. 
Published: January 2010

The pine needle miner (Exoteleia pinifoliella (Chamb.)) is one of at least seven pine needle miners occurring in North America. A native to the East, it is widely distributed from Southern Ontario (6) through the Atlantic States to Georgia (1).The insect is a persistent and annoying pest that infests forest trees of all ages from nursery transplant beds to mature stands. The moths oviposit year after year on the same trees causing localized infestations; one part of a stand may be heavily populated, while an adjacent area may remain untouched for years.
Influence of Temperature on Embryonic Development of the Pale Western Cutworm, Agrotis orthogonia Morr. (Lepidoptera: Phalaenidae)
Authors: Lindsay I. S. 
Published: January 2010

This is a report on the influence of temperature on embryonic development of the pale western cutworm, Agrotis orthogonia Morr. Gross observations on embryonic progress were recorded.As cultures of this species are continuously needed for studies at the Lethbridge laboratory, information on conditions for adequate egg storage was required. The record of embryonic development was used to determine the
most satisfactory stage at which eggs could be stored for future use.
Methods for Estimating Orchard Mite Populations, Especially with the Mite Brushing Machine
Authors: Morgan C. V. G. , Chant D. A. , Anderson N. H. , Ayre G. L. 
Published: January 2010

Phytophagous orchard mites have become so troublesome in British Columhia during the last decade that special attention has been given to studies on their ecology and control. An important prerequisite for such studies is an accurate and rapid method of estimating population densities of both the mites and their predators. As some mites are less than a fifth of a millimetre long, it is difficult to determine the numbers of adults present on foliage, quite apart from the eggs and other immature stages.Methods for estimating orchard mite populations developed to date may be classified as either direct, in which the mites are counted on the leaves or estimated, or indirect, in which the mites are removed from the leaves and a known fraction is counted.
Species of Lygus, Liocoris, and Their Allies in the Prairie Provinces of Canada (Hemiptera: Miridae)
Authors: Kelton Leonard A. 
Published: January 2010

The Lygus complex was treated as a number of genera and subgenera in a recent paper (Kelton, 1955). The genus Liocoris Fieber now contains the economically important species, the pratensis group, referred to collectively in the literature as the “lygus” bugs.In the Prairie Provinces of Canada, several species of the pratensis group are of economic importance mainly in the growing of alfalfa seed, especially in the north-central agricultural region and in the irrigated areas of the southwest. A review of the names used in dealing with these pests on the Canadian prairies showed that most of them were based on misidentifications, although fortunately the use of the names has been fairly consistent. Such widely recorded and used names of Lygus pratensis (L.) and L. elisus Van D. have each been used for specimens of another species, and L. hesperus Kngt. for those of three other species.
Some Mites of the Subfamily Phytoseiinae (Acarina: Laelaptidae) from Southeastern England, with Descriptions of New Species
Authors: Chant D. A. 
Published: January 2010

For several years the author has been engaged in a study of the predacious mites of value in controlling the European red mite, Metatetranychus ulmi (Koch), in southeastern England. During this time, extensive collections of mites of the subfamily Phytoseiinae were made and several new species found. These are described here.New species of Phytoseiinae have usually been described from female specimens only; the males have been frequently unknown. It is essential in ecological investigations to be familiar with both mature forms. During this study the males of some species of which the females had been described were collected and reared. Some of these have been described elsewhere (Chant, in preparation) and in this paper the male of Typhlodromus bakeri (Garman), 1948, is dealt with.
Influence of Host Movement on Selection of Hosts byDrino bohemicaMesn. (Diptera: Tachinidae) as Determined in an Olfactometer
Authors: Monteith L. G. 
Published: January 2010

Two, or possibly three, types of stimuli that may influence host selection by entomophagous insects are produced by movements of the host or the prey. Movement may provide visual or tactile stimuli. Vibration caused by host movement may stimulate some species.Tactile stimuli are produced by a host if it moves when touched by a parasite and are usually provided by a host that is enclosed in a case or a cocoon. Ullyert (1936), working withDahlbominus fuscipennis(Zett.), and Williams (1951) and Thorpe and Jones (1937), working withIdechthis canescens(Grav.), found tactile stimuli an important factor in host selection, but Simmonds (1943) and Thompson and Parker (1927) concluded it was of little importance inI. canescensandMelittobia acastaWalk. respectively. Movement of potential prey upon contact stimulates attack by foraging ants (Vowels, 1955). Tactile stimuli produced by movement of the host may indicate an unsuitable host to the egg parasiteTrichogramma evanescensWestw. (Salt, 1938).
History of the Hemlock Looper, Lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria (Guen.), (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) in Newfoundland, and Notes on Its Biology
Authors: Carroll W. J. 
Published: January 2010

The hemlock looper, Lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria (Guen.), has been an important forest pest in Newfoundland for many years. Outbreaks have been reported from widely separated parts of the Island and in most cases the mortality of balsam fir, Abies balsamea (L.) Mill, has been high.An investigation of the biology of the insect was commenced in 1950 at Lake St. George where two separate infestations had appeared in 1949. These infestations died out in 1951 and only limited information was obtained on some aspects of the investigation. As there is little prospect of continuing field studies in the near future, the results to date are being reported.