bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐risk patients with hematuria are not evaluated according to guideline recommendations
Authors: Elias Keren , Svatek Robert S. , Gupta Samir , Ho Richard , Lotan Yair 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:To determine whether high‐risk patients with hematuria receive evaluation according to guideline recommendations.METHODS:We recently performed a screening study for bladder cancer using a urine‐based tumor marker in 1502 subjects at high risk based on aged ≥50 years, ≥10‐year smoking history, and/or a 15‐year or more environmental exposure. We evaluated use of urinalysis (UA) within 3 years preceding the screening study. Chart review was performed to determine if this subset with microhematuria received any additional evaluation.RESULTS:Of 1502 study participants, routine urinalysis was performed in 73.2% and 164 (14.9%) subjects had documented hematuria (>3 red blood cells / high‐power field) before inclusion. Of these, 42.1% had no further evaluation. Additional testing included repeat urinalysis (36%), urine culture (15.2%), cytology (10.4%), imaging (22.6% overall: 15.9% computed tomography, 4.3% intravenous pyelography; 2.4% magnetic resonance imaging), and cystoscopy (12.8%). Three subjects with microscopic hematuria (2%) were subsequently found to have bladder cancer during the screening study but were not referred for evaluation based on their hematuria. The source of hematuria was unknown in 65%, infection in 22%, benign prostatic enlargement in 10%, and renal stone disease in 4%, but these results are based on incomplete evaluation since only 12.8% underwent cystoscopy.CONCLUSIONS:Subjects at high risk for bladder cancer based on ≥10 years of smoking or environmental exposure with microscopic hematuria are rarely evaluated thoroughly and only 12.8% were referred for urologic evaluation. Further studies are needed to evaluate both the utilization and effectiveness of guidelines for hematuria. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Smoking, alcohol use, obesity, and overall survival from non‐Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Geyer Susan M. , Morton Lindsay M. , Habermann Thomas M. , Allmer Cristine , Davis Scott , Cozen Wendy , Severson Richard K. , Lynch Charles F. , Wang Sophia S. , Maurer Matthew J. , Hartge Patricia , Cerhan James R. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Smoking, alcohol use, and obesity appear to increase the risk of developing non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), but to the authors' knowledge, few studies to date have assessed their impact on NHL prognosis.METHODS:The association between prediagnosis cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and body mass index (BMI) and overall survival was evaluated in 1286 patients enrolled through population‐based registries in the United States from 1998 through 2000. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated using Cox regression, adjusting for clinical and demographic factors.RESULTS:Through 2007, 442 patients had died (34%), and the median follow‐up for surviving patients was 7.7 years. Compared with never smokers, former (HR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.12‐2.26) and current (HR, 1.50; 95% CI, 0.97‐2.29) smokers had poorer survival, and poorer survival was found to be positively associated with smoking duration, number of cigarettes smoked per day, pack‐years of smoking, and shorter time since quitting (allP<0.01). Alcohol use was associated with poorer survival (P= 0.03); compared with nonusers. Those drinking >43.1 g/week (median intake among drinkers) had poorer survival (HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.06‐2.27), whereas those drinkers consuming less than this amount demonstrated no survival disadvantage (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.75‐1.71). Greater BMI was associated with poorer survival (P= 0.046), but the survival disadvantage was only noted among obese individuals (HR, 1.32 for BMI ≥30 vs BMI 20‐24.9; 95% CI, 1.02‐1.70). These results held for lymphoma‐specific survival and were broadly similar for diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma.CONCLUSIONS:NHL patients who smoked, consumed alcohol, or were obese before diagnosis were found to have a poorer overall and lymphoma‐specific survival. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Refining the white blood cell differential: The first flow cytometry routine application
Authors: Roussel Mikael , Benard Cyrille , Ly‐Sunnaram Beatrice , Fest Thierry 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA Complete Blood Count performed by an automated hematology analyzer frequently needs a microscopic slide review. This step is time consuming and requires experienced personnel. Recently, several teams have proposed and validated convenient combinations of monoclonal antibodies for an extended white blood cell (WBC) differential by flow cytometry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of this approach in the routine workflow of a hematology laboratory. We compared a workflow chain comprised of a robotic blood preparation system (for antibody labeling), a flow cytometer, and data management software to the standard manual review of a blood film and evaluated the diagnostic quality, the turnaround time, and the labor needed for the two different approaches. The study on 1,973 samples was organized, firstly, to determine analytic thresholds and these settings were then validated. The flow cytometric data management software automatically validated 52% of the samples without significant numbers of false negatives. Of the remaining specimens, an operator validated a further 33% of the samples and 15% needed a manual microscopic review. These results were obtained in a mean timeline similar to the traditional microscopic manual review. Our study demonstrates, for the first time, the efficiency of a flow cytometer integrated into a WBC differential workflow in a routine hematology laboratory. © 2010 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Neuron tracing in perspective
Authors: Meijering Erik 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe study of the structure and function of neuronal cells and networks is of crucial importance in the endeavor to understand how the brain works. A key component in this process is the extraction of neuronal morphology from microscopic imaging data. In the past four decades, many computational methods and tools have been developed for digital reconstruction of neurons from images, with limited success. As witnessed by the growing body of literature on the subject, as well as the organization of challenging competitions in the field, the quest for a robust and fully automated system of more general applicability still continues. The aim of this work, is to contribute by surveying recent developments in the field for anyone interested in taking up the challenge. Relevant aspects discussed in the article include proposed image segmentation methods, quantitative measures of neuronal morphology, currently available software tools for various related purposes, and morphology databases. © 2010 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Quantifying colocalization by correlation: The Pearson correlation coefficient is superior to the Mander's overlap coefficient
Authors: Adler Jeremy , Parmryd Ingela 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) and the Mander's overlap coefficient (MOC) are used to quantify the degree of colocalization between fluorophores. The MOC was introduced to overcome perceived problems with the PCC. The two coefficients are mathematically similar, differing in the use of either the absolute intensities (MOC) or of the deviation from the mean (PCC). A range of correlated datasets, which extend to the limits of the PCC, only evoked a limited response from the MOC. The PCC is unaffected by changes to the offset while the MOC increases when the offset is positive. Both coefficients are independent of gain. The MOC is a confusing hybrid measurement, that combines correlation with a heavily weighted form of co‐occurrence, favors high intensity combinations, downplays combinations in which either or both intensities are low and ignores blank pixels. The PCC only measures correlation. A surprising finding was that the addition of a second uncorrelated population can substantially increase the measured correlation, demonstrating the importance of excluding background pixels. Overall, since the MOC is unresponsive to substantial changes in the data and is hard to interpret, it is neither an alternative to nor a useful substitute for the PCC. The MOC is not suitable for making measurements of colocalization either by correlation or co‐occurrence. © 2010 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Characterizing the performance of single‐channel Pseudo‐Doppler direction finding systems at 915 MHz for vehicle localization
Authors: Sharawi Mohammad S. , Aloi Daniel N. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn this work, we present a performance analysis of two‐phase‐based single‐channel radio‐frequency (RF) direction finding (DF) methods in two wireless environments: open field and an open parking lot. A wireless channel model is created for both environments, and a software receiver is used to process the incoming RF signal to estimate the angle of arrival (AOA). The channel and receiver models are compared against measurements from a hardware prototype. Results shows a 100% pass rate in the open field environment when the receiver is located at the exterior center roof of the car. The pass rate does not exceed 25% if the receiver module is placed inside the car or if the system is evaluated in the open parking lot environment. This paper shows that a phase‐based single‐channel DF approach will not perform reliably in a highly reflective wireless environment. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cytological, histological, and immunohistochemical findings of pulmonary carcinomas with basaloid features
Authors: Crapanzano John P. , Loukeris Kristina , Borczuk Alain C. , Saqi Anjali 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPulmonary basaloid carcinoma (BC), a variant of large cell, nonsmall cell carcinoma (NSCC), and basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSQCC) can show features similar to small cell carcinoma (SCC) and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC). Distinction from SCC, especially on FNA, is therapeutically relevant. We describe cytological, histological, and immunohistochemical features of BC and BSQCC.Numerous cytologic features were documented in cytologic preparations. Similar features and architecture were evaluated in the resections. Immunohistochemical results were recorded. Histologically confirmed BC (n = 3) and BSQCC (n = 3) were included. Five FNAs of SCC, (four with histologic follow‐up) were studied for comparison of cytological, histological, and immunohistochemical findings.In cytologic preparations of BC/BSQCC, cells were arranged mostly as tightly cohesive clusters (n = 4) or singly and in clusters (n = 2) with a predominance of clusters. Cytologic features of BC and BSQCC were similar: palisading (n = 6), crush artifact (n = 6), hyperchromasia (n = 5), focal nuclear molding (n = 6; very rare in 2/6), nucleoli, usually pinpoint (n = 3), scant cytoplasm (n = 6), necrosis (n = 5), apoptosis (n = 4), squamous differentiation (n = 1). BSQCC tended to have occasional larger cells, including keratinizing cells in one case. Histologic sections (n = 6) showed neuroendocrine features, including organoid arrangements, nests, and palisading.BC and BSQCC show overlapping features with SCC and LCNEC in cytological and histological specimens. Unlike SCCs, BC/BSQCC lack prominent nuclear molding, show tightly cohesive cell clusters, and demonstrate palisading. However, immunostains were the very helpful and probably necessary to accurately diagnosing BC/BSQCC, which show the immunostaining pattern of p63 (+), HMWCK (+), and TTF‐1 (−). Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011;39:92–100. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Spermatogenesis‐defective (spe) mutants of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans provide clues to solve the puzzle of male germline functions during reproduction
Authors: Nishimura Hitoshi , L'Hernault Steven W. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn most species, each sex produces gametes, usually either sperm or oocytes, from its germline during gametogenesis. The sperm and oocyte subsequently fuse together during fertilization to create the next generation. This review focuses on spermatogenesis and the roles of sperm during fertilization in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, where suitable mutants are readily obtained. So far, 186 mutants defective in the C. elegans male germline functions have been isolated, and many of these mutations are alleles for one of the ∼60 spermatogenesis‐defective (spe) genes. Many cloned spe genes are expressed specifically in the male germline, where they play roles during spermatogenesis (spermatid production), spermiogenesis (spermatid activation into spermatozoa), and/or fertilization. Moreover, several spe genes are orthologs of mammalian genes, suggesting that the reproductive processes of the C. elegans and the mammalian male germlines might share common pathways at the molecular level. Developmental Dynamics 239:1502–1514, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
PRP‐17 and the pre‐mRNA splicing pathway are preferentially required for the proliferation versus meiotic development decision and germline sex determination in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Kerins Jessica Amrozowicz , Hanazawa Momoyo , Dorsett Maia , Schedl Tim 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn C. elegans, the decision between germline stem cell proliferation and entry into meiosis is controlled by GLP‐1 Notch signaling, which promotes proliferation through repression of the redundant GLD‐1 and GLD‐2 pathways that direct meiotic entry. We identify prp‐17 as another gene functioning downstream of GLP‐1 signaling that promotes meiotic entry, largely by acting on the GLD‐1 pathway, and that also functions in female germline sex determination. PRP‐17 is orthologous to the yeast and human pre‐mRNA splicing factor PRP17/CDC40 and can rescue the temperature‐sensitive lethality of yeast PRP17. This link to splicing led to an RNAi screen of predicted C. elegans splicing factors in sensitized genetic backgrounds. We found that many genes throughout the splicing cascade function in the proliferation/meiotic entry decision and germline sex determination indicating that splicing per se, rather than a novel function of a subset of splicing factors, is necessary for these processes. Developmental Dynamics 239:1555–1572, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dyslexia and hyperlexia in bilinguals
Authors: Joshi R. Malatesha , Padakannaya Prakash , Nishanimath S. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis study explores the nature of reading difficulties of two bilinguals in Kannada and English, which vary in their orthographic depth and script layout. VN and MS manifest two different types of reading disabilities, dyslexia and hyperlexia, respectively. The performance of VN was below average on Kannada and English tests of phonemic awareness, spelling, and pseudoword naming. Despite his poor decoding skills, the listening comprehension skill both at the word level and at the sentence level of VN was within the normal range. VN, therefore, can be described to have developmental dyslexia. MS, in contrast, showed good decoding ability in both Kannada and English, but his listening and reading comprehension were poor in both languages. MS, therefore, displays a pattern of reading disability akin to that of hyperlexia. The deficits of both VN and MS, although dissimilar from each other, cut across the linguistic boundaries and affect their performance in both Kannada and English. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Clinical significance and distinctiveness of purging disorder and binge eating disorder
Authors: Keel Pamela K. , Holm‐Denoma Jill M. , Crosby Ross D. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjective:In the DSM‐IV, individuals with binge eating disorder (BED) and those with purging disorder (PD) receive a diagnosis of eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS), suggesting no meaningful differences between clinical presentations. This article compares PD and BED on eating disorder severity and comorbid disorders.Method:Individuals with PD (n = 33), DSM‐IV BED (n = 23 with BMI >30 kg/m2, and n = 18 with BMI between 18.5 and 26.5 kg/m2), and noneating disorder controls (n = 35) completed SCID‐I interviews and questionnaires.Results:Eating disorder groups reported significantly greater depression, body dissatisfaction, and dietary restraint and more Axis I disorders compared with controls. Compared with both the obese and normal weight BED groups, PD reported significantly greater dietary restraint and body dissatisfaction. Compared with obese BED, PD reported lower prevalence of impulse control disorders.Discussion:Findings support differentiating among EDNOS based on behavioral presentation in both research and future nosological schemes such as the DSM‐V. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2011; 44:311–316)
Using framing parameters to improve handling of uncertainties in water management practice
Authors: Isendahl Nicola , Pahl‐Wostl Claudia , Dewulf Art 
Published: March 2010

AbstractManagement of water resources is afflicted with uncertainties. Nowadays it is facing more and new uncertainties since the pace and dimension of changes (e.g. climatic, demographic) are accelerating and are likely to increase even more in the future. Hence it is crucial to find pragmatic ways to deal with these uncertainties in water management. We argue for an analytical yet pragmatic approach to enable decision‐makers to deal with uncertainties in a more explicit and systematic way and allow for better informed decisions. Our approach is based on the concept of framing, referring to the different ways in which people make sense of the world and of the uncertainties. We apply recently developed parameters of the framing of uncertainty in two sub‐basins of the Rhine, the Dutch Kromme Rijn and the German Wupper. We present and discuss the results of a series of stakeholder interactions in the two basins aimed at developing strategies for improving dealing with uncertainties. The strategies are amended and synthesized in a check‐list based on the uncertainty framing parameters as a hands‐on tool for systematically identifying improvement options when dealing with uncertainty in water management practice. We conclude with suggestions for testing the developed check‐list as a tool for decision aid in water management practice. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Enzymatic removal of 3‐monochloro‐1,2‐propanediol (3‐MCPD) and its esters from oils
Authors: Bornscheuer Uwe T. , Hesseler Martin 
Published: March 2010

Abstract3‐Monochloro‐1,2‐propanediol (3‐MCPD) is a contaminant in processed food well known for about 30 years. More recently, this compound has observed attendance due to its occurrence as fatty acid esters in edible oils and products derived from them. In this study, the first enzymatic approach to remove 3‐MCPD and its esters from aqueous and biphasic systems by converting it into glycerol is described. First, 3‐MCPD was converted in an aqueous system by an enzyme cascade consisting of a halohydrin dehalogenase from Arthrobacter sp. AD2 and an epoxide hydrolase from Agrobacterium radiobacter AD1 with complete conversion to glycerol. Next, it could also be shown, that the corresponding oleic acid monoester of 3‐monochloropropanediol‐1‐monooleic‐ester (3‐MCPD‐ester) was converted in a biphasic system in the presence of an edible oil by Candida antarctica lipase A to yield free 3‐MCPD and the corresponding fatty acid. Hence, also 3‐MCPD‐esters can be converted by an enzyme cascade into the harmless product glycerol.Practical applications: Since several reports have been recently published on the contamination of foods with 3‐MCPD and its fatty acid esters, there is a great demand to remove these compounds and an urgency to find useful methods for this. In this contribution, we present an easy enzymatic way to remove 3‐MCPD and its esters from the reaction media (i.e., plant oil) by converting it to the nontoxic glycerol. The method requires neither high temperature nor organic solvents.
Electroanalytical Device for Cadmium Speciation in Waters. Part 1: Development and Characterization of a Reliable Screen‐Printed Sensor
Authors: Zaouak Olivier , Authier Laurent , Cugnet Cyril , Castetbon Alain , Potin‐Gautier Martine 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA reliable screen‐printed sensor for cadmium speciation analysis is presented here. Its development has been focused on the achievement of a reproducible and repeatable sensor. The electrode construction and its surface coating are discussed in detail. The optimized procedure has permitted to obtain very accurate sensors with detection limit of 0.2 μg (Cd) L−1 using SWASV for only 60 s of deposition time. The electrochemically accessible, i.e. potentially bioavailable, fraction of the cadmium present in an untreated river water sample has been successfully quantified without degassing. These results give a glimpse of the potential of this membrane‐free sensor in real matrices.
Electroanalytical Device for Cadmium Speciation in Waters. Part 2: Automated System Development and Cadmium Semicontinuous Monitoring
Authors: Zaouak Olivier , Authier Laurent , Cugnet Cyril , Normandin Eric , Champier Daniel , Rivaletto Marc , Potin‐Gautier Martine 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA full‐automated electroanalytical device is presented here. It is composed of an electrochemically adapted automation module and a competitive screen‐printed sensor modified ex situ by a very low quantity of mercury. The contribution of this automated apparatus to analyses is described in detail. Coupled with an UV‐photolysis unit, it has permitted the rapid detection of both total and electrochemically accessible cadmium in solutions containing 10 mg L−1 of humic substances without addition of reagents. Semicontinuous monitoring of tap water doped with 5.3 μg L−1 of cadmium, in presence of traces of lead and copper, has been successfully achieved for 7 days.
Simultaneous Determination of Ultra Trace of Uranium and Cadmium by Adsorptive Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry Using H‐Point Standard Addition Method
Authors: Ahmadi Farhad , Bakhshandeh‐Saraskanrood Fatemeh 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA sensitive adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry with H‐point standard addition method for simultaneous determination of uranium and cadmium has been developed. The trace amounts of these metal ions can be simultaneously determined using the Levodpa as complexing agent. Optimal conditions were: accumulation time 50 s, accumulation potential 0.0 mV, scan rate 40 mV s−1, supporting electrolyte 0.1 M ammonium buffer pH 9.6, and 1×10−5 M of Levodopa. The results revealed that the cadmium and uranium could be simultaneously determined by H‐point standard addition method with different concentration ratios of uranium to cadmium. The method was successfully applied in a several of real samples.
Voltammetry of Benzo[a]pyrene in Aqueous and Nonaqueous Media: Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetric Determination at Pencil Graphite Electrode
Authors: Keskin Ertuğrul , Yardım Yavuz , Şentürk Zühre 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA detailed study of the electrochemical oxidation of Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) at the glassy carbon and pencil graphite electrodes was carried out in aqueous and nonaqueous media. Using square‐wave stripping mode, the compound yielded a well‐defined voltammetric response at pencil graphite electrode in acetate buffer, pH 4.8 at +1.13 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) (a preconcentration step being carried out at a fixed potential of +0.70 V for 180 s). The process could be used to determine BaP concentrations in the range 0.25–1.25 μM, with a detection limit of 0.027 μM (6.82 μg L−1). The applicability to assay of spiked human urine samples was also illustrated.