bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing soft tissue balance: Evaluating robotic‐assisted functional positioning in varus knees across flexion and extension with quantitative sensor‐guided technology
Authors: Erard Julien , Olivier Flora , Kafelov Moussa , Servien Elvire , Lustig Sébastien , Batailler Cécile 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeFunctional implant positioning (FIP) for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an evolution of kinematic alignment based on preoperative CT scan and robotic‐assisted technology. This study aimed to assess the ligament balancing of image‐based robotic‐assisted TKA in extension, mid‐flexion and flexion with an FIP using intraoperative sensor‐guided technology. The hypothesis was that image‐based robotic‐assisted TKA performed by FIP would achieve ligament balancing all along the arc of knee flexion.MethodsThis prospective monocentric study included 47 consecutive patients with varus knees undergoing image‐based robotic‐assisted TKA performed with FIP. After robotic‐assisted bone cuts, trial components were inserted, and soft tissue balance was assessed using sensor‐guided technology at 10°, 45° and 90° of knee flexion. A mediolateral balanced knee was defined by an intercompartmental pressure difference (ICPD) ≤ 15 lbf and medial and lateral compartment pressure ≤60 lbf. The mean age was 71.6 years old ±6.7, the mean BMI was 29.0 kg/m2 ± 4.9 and the mean preoperative HKA was 174° ± 5 [159; 183].ResultsThe mean postoperative knee alignment was 177.0° ± 2.2° [172; 181]. There were 93.6% of balanced knees (n = 44) at 10 and 90° of knee flexion versus 76.6% (n = 36) at 45° of knee flexion with a significant difference (p = 0.014). Median ICPD at 10, 45 and 90° of knee flexion were, respectively, 7.0 (interquartile range [IQR]: 9), 11.0 (IQR: 9.5) and 8.0 (IQR: 9.0). Pairwise analyses revealed differences for ICPD at 45° versus ICPD at 10° (p = 0.003) and ICPD at 90° versus ICPD at 45° (p = 0.007).ConclusionFIP with an image‐based robotic‐assisted system allowed the restoration of a well‐balanced knee at 10° and 90° of flexion in varus knees. Nevertheless, some discrepancies occurred in midflexion, and more work is needed to understand ligament behaviour all along the arc of knee flexion.Level of EvidenceLevel II.
Age‐related morphological change in bony segment and cartilage segment of Eustachian tube
Authors: Hong Juan , Dai Peidong , Sun Guangbin , Lin Lin , Lyu Huiying , Chen Keguang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundEustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) is the predominant cause of otitis media with effusion in children and adults. Balloon dilatation of the Eustachian tube (BDET) provides a new method for restoring the ventilatory function of Eustachian tube (ET). However, the differences in age‐related morphological changes in the dimensions and positions of ET in children and adults are unclear.PurposeThis study aimed to examine age‐related morphological changes in bony and cartilage segments of the ET in a three‐dimensional space in normal population.MethodsA total of 71 randomly selected computed tomography (CT) images of the temporal bones of 46 people were retrospectively studied in four age groups: A (0–3 years old); B (4–8 years old), C (9–18 years old), and D (19–65 years old). Space analytic geometry was assessed to calculate the dimensions and positions of ET.ResultsThe bony segment of ET lengthened from infancy to adulthood with age in groups A, B and C (r = 0.562**/0.000). The cartilage segment of ET mostly extended with age from infancy to 8 years old in children (r = 0.633**/0.000), but with bending close to the sagittal plane and away from the horizontal plane with age in groups A, B and C (P < .05), and with a constant angle to the coronal plane among the four groups (P > .05).ConclusionThe bony and cartilaginous segments of ET exhibit distinct morphological changes in space with age. The bony segment of ET extends in a constant position from infancy to adulthood. In contrast, the cartilaginous segment of the ET indicates multidimensional positional changes until adulthood, in addition to the elongation from infancy to children. This may provide an accurate morphological basis for comparing the differences in ETD pathogenesis and surgical treatment between children and adults.
Seasonality of submarine groundwater discharge to an Arctic coastal lagoon
Authors: Bullock Emma J. , Schaal Isabel V. , Cardenas M. Bayani , McClelland James W. , Henderson Paul B. , Charette Matthew A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSupra‐permafrost submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) in the Arctic is potentially important for coastal biogeochemistry and will likely increase over the coming decades owing to climate change. Despite this, land‐to‐ocean material fluxes via SGD in Arctic environments have seldom been quantified. This study used radium (Ra) isotopes to quantify SGD fluxes to an Arctic coastal lagoon (Simpson Lagoon, Alaska) during five sampling periods between 2021 and 2023. Using a Ra mass balance model, we found that the SGD water flux was substantial and dependent on environmental conditions. No measurable SGD was detected during the spring sampling period (June 2022), when the lagoon was partially ice‐covered. During ice‐free periods, the main driver of SGD in this location is wind‐driven lagoon water level changes, not tides, which control surface water recirculation through sediments along the lagoon boundary. A combination of wind strength and direction led to low SGD fluxes in July 2022, with an SGD flux of (6 ± 3) × 106 m3 d−1, moderate fluxes in August 2021 and July 2023, which had an average flux of (17 ± 9) × 106 m3 d−1, and high fluxes in October 2022, at (79 ± 16) × 106 m3 d−1. This work demonstrates how soil and environmental conditions in the Arctic impact Ra mobilization, laying a foundation for future SGD studies in the Arctic and shedding light on the major processes driving Ra fluxes in this important environment.
“Yes, I'm worth it!”: How romantic breakups influence self‐gifting propensity
Authors: Malik Aaminah Z. , Vo Khue (Kylie) 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhen do consumers indulge in self‐gifting? While extant research predominantly explores self‐gifting as a coping mechanism in postchallenging phases, this research suggests an additional dimension: self‐gifting as a form of self‐reward. Drawing from the idea of stress‐related growth, this paper focuses on consumer behavior following a romantic breakup, investigating self‐gifting as a reward mechanism. Results from five studies consistently demonstrate that the severity of a breakup significant influences consumers' self‐gifting propensity in both intrinsic‐ and extrinsic‐rewarding consumption, driven by their heightened perceived deservingness. These effects are attenuated when individuals engage in ruminative thoughts about their tumultuous (vs. harmonious) breakups. These findings explain the nuances of self‐gifting behavior following a romantic breakup by establishing a theoretical link between personal failures (e.g., romantic breakups) and a sense of deservingness, which influences consumer's self‐gifting propensity as a self‐reward.
Engaging secondary school students in sustainability assessments through farm nutrient mass balances
Authors: Olivo Agustin J. , Godber Olivia F. , Perry Jeffrey , Wattiaux Michel A. , Ketterings Quirine M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDecision‐support tools (DSTs) are increasingly used to collect, manage, and/or analyze growing amounts of data generated on farms. The whole‐farm nutrient mass balance (NMB) is an assessment with an associated DST (the Cornell NMB calculator) that measures farm nutrient management efficiency. Our main objectives were to (1) develop and implement a secondary school curriculum on NMB assessments; (2) evaluate its impact on student knowledge and perceptions of agricultural sustainability, nutrient management, careers in agriculture, awareness about data collection and use of DSTs, and analytical and quantitative skills; and (3) assess teacher experiences delivering the materials. The curriculum was implemented across 21 New York classrooms. Students completed one pre‐ and one post‐curriculum implementation questionnaire (n = 134). Teachers completed a post‐curriculum implementation questionnaire (n = 19). Results showed that the curriculum enhanced student knowledge of nutrient management and effectively conveyed the fundamentals of the NMB metrics. It also impacted student perceptions of the utilization of DSTs and need for mathematical skills and data management knowledge in agriculture. The curriculum did not influence student interest in pursuing agricultural careers but exposed them to aspects of farming that they were not previously familiar with. The math‐focused lessons were identified as challenging by many students and teachers. Teachers found the curriculum applicable to the real world, exposing students to new aspects of farming. We conclude that real‐world case‐study examples, carefully planned math‐focused lessons, appropriate support materials including widely installable and user‐friendly software, and training opportunities for teachers can help effective teaching of DST use and agriculture sustainability concepts.
Evaluation of Hypocalcemia Following Total Laryngectomy With and Without Thyroidectomy
Authors: Eberly Hänel W. , Sciscent Bao Y. , Jeffrey Lorenz F. , Truong Nguyen , King Tonya S. , Goldenberg David , Goyal Neerav 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveHypoparathyroidism and associated hypocalcemia are well‐established complications following laryngectomy. This study further characterizes the rates of hypocalcemia in patients undergoing total laryngectomy (TL) with and without thyroidectomy and hemithyroidectomy.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingTriNetX.MethodsWe queried TriNetX, a deidentified patient database, to identify patients who underwent TL with and without thyroidectomy and hemithyroidectomy. Rates of hypocalcemia, low parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, and calcitriol supplementation were compared between groups with multivariable repeated measures logistic regression.ResultsWe identified 870 patients in the TL without thyroidectomy cohort, 158 patients in the hemithyroidectomy cohort, and 123 in the total thyroidectomy cohort. Rates of hypocalcemia differed between patients receiving total thyroidectomy versus TL alone for 0 to 1 month (odds ratio [OR]: 2.88 [1.95‐4.26]) 1 to 6 months (OR: 5.08 [2.29‐11.3]), and 6 to 12 months (OR: 2.63 [1.003‐6.88]) postoperatively, with adjustment for age at laryngectomy, race, ethnicity, and gender. Results were similar among those who received calcium supplementation. The rate of low PTH levels differed in these groups for 0 to 1 month (OR: 5.13 [3.10‐8.51]), 1 to 6 months (OR: 3.47 [1.46‐8.22]), and 6 to 12 months (OR: 3.63 [1.40‐9.38]) following surgery. Rates of postoperative calcium supplementation were increased for patients receiving total thyroidectomy versus TL for 1 to 6 months (OR: 2.44 [1.62‐3.68]), and 6 to 12 months following surgery (OR: 1.79 [1.18‐2.72]).ConclusionPatients undergoing TL with total thyroidectomy have a higher risk of postoperative hypocalcemia compared to patients receiving TL alone. Risk of parathyroid injury in these patients may warrant further emphasis on PTH measurement after surgery and a multidisciplinary approach to management.
A Scoping Review of Artificial Intelligence Detection of Voice Pathology: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Liu George S. , Jovanovic Nedeljko , Sung C. Kwang , Doyle Philip C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveSurvey the current literature on artificial intelligence (AI) applications for detecting and classifying vocal pathology using voice recordings, and identify challenges and opportunities for advancing the field forward.Data SourcesPubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Scopus databases.Review MethodsA comprehensive literature search was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Peer‐reviewed journal articles in the English language were included if they used an AI approach to detect or classify pathological voices using voice recordings from patients diagnosed with vocal pathologies.ResultsEighty‐two studies were included in the review between the years 2000 and 2023, with an increase in publication rate from one study per year in 2012 to 10 per year in 2022. Seventy‐two studies (88%) were aimed at detecting the presence of voice pathology, 24 (29%) at classifying the type of voice pathology present, and 4 (5%) at assessing pathological voice using the Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, and Strain scale. Thirty‐six databases were used to collect and analyze speech samples. Fourteen articles (17%) did not provide information about their AI model validation methodology. Zero studies moved beyond the preclinical and offline AI model development stages. Zero studies specified following a reporting guideline for AI research.ConclusionThere is rising interest in the potential of AI technology to aid the detection and classification of voice pathology. Three challenges—and areas of opportunities—for advancing this research are heterogeneity of databases, lack of clinical validation studies, and inconsistent reporting.
Can local ecological knowledge establish conservation baselines for the Critically Endangered Blue‐crowned Laughingthrush?
Authors: Gleave Rosalind A. , Papworth Sarah K. , Bauman David , Portugal Steven J. , Zhang Weiwei , Liu Yikang , Cao Zhiming , Cheng Xiaojin , Turvey Samuel T. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Designing conservation interventions for rare species can be hindered by a lack of relevant data. Local ecological knowledge (LEK) has potential to provide rapidly collected, cost‐effective data across large spatio‐temporal scales, but has rarely been used as a source of conservation‐relevant information for the Asian Songbird Crisis.

The Blue‐crowned Laughingthrush (Pterorhinus courtoisi; BCLT) is a Critically Endangered passerine found only in southeastern China. It is unclear why the species' breeding range and global population are extremely small, as it occurs in human‐occupied forest‐agricultural landscapes similar to surrounding environments across southern China.

We conducted systematic range‐wide interviews on BCLT (n = 519) to collect novel information on the species' temporal and spatial distribution, and on potential human activities and landscape changes associated with its presence or absence. Recognition of BCLT was moderate (45.0% of respondents reported sightings), with sightings within the previous 18 months across the study area, within and beyond their known distribution. Over half of known breeding villages were confirmed by LEK data, and nesting was reported from two villages with no previous breeding records.

BCLT trapping was reported across the study landscape, mostly from the last decade and associated with trappers from urban centres. BCLT trapping and lack of fengshui forest were associated with sites where BCLTs did not breed. Breeding sites were associated with increases in vegetable gardens over respondents' lifetimes, and other sites within the species' range were associated with decreases in bush/scrub.

We demonstrate that LEK can identify potential threats, new breeding sites and landscape changes correlated with species presence or absence for threatened birds affected by the Asian songbird crisis. This study provides the first evidence of ongoing trapping as a threat to BCLT, and remedial measures are urgently required across the region.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Exome sequencing in every pregnancy? Results of trio exome sequencing in structurally normal fetuses
Authors: Levy Michal , Lifshitz Shira , Goldenberg‐Fumanov Mirela , Bazak Lily , Goldstein Rayna Joy , Hamiel Uri , Berger Rachel , Lipitz Shlomo , Maya Idit , Shohat Mordechai 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the detection rate of clinically significant results of prenatal exome sequencing (pES) in low‐risk pregnancies and apparently normal fetuses in non‐consanguineous couples.MethodsA retrospective analysis of pES conducted at a single center from January 2020 to September 2023 was performed. Genetic counseling was provided, and detailed medical histories were obtained. High‐risk pregnancies were excluded due to major ultrasound anomalies, sonographic soft markers, abnormal maternal biochemical screening, or family history suggestive of monogenic diseases as well as cases with pathogenic and likely pathogenic (P/LP) chromosomal microarray results. Exome analysis focused on ∼2100 genes associated with Mendelian genetic disorders. Variant analysis and classification followed the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines.ResultsAmong 1825 pES conducted, 1020 low‐risk cases revealed 28 fetuses (2.7%) with potentially clinically significant variants indicating known monogenic diseases, primarily de novo dominant variants (64%). Among these 28 cases, 9 fetuses (0.9%) had the potential for severe phenotypes, including shortened lifespan and intellectual disability, and another 12 had the potential for milder phenotypes. Seven cases were reported with variants of uncertain significance (VUS) that, according to the ACMG criteria, leaned toward LP, constituting 0.7% of the entire cohort. Termination of pregnancy was elected in 13 out of 1020 cases (1.2%) in the cohort, including 7/9 in the severe phenotypes group, 2/12 in the milder phenotype group, and 4/7 in the VUS group.ConclusionThe 2.7% detection rate highlights the significant contribution of pES in low‐risk pregnancies. However, it necessitates rigorous analysis, and comprehensive genetic counseling before and after testing.
Event‐triggered obstacle avoidance control for autonomous surface vehicles with actuator faults
Authors: Dong Gege , Hao Li‐Ying , Li Tieshan , Peng Zhouhua 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe article addresses the event‐triggered obstacle avoidance control problem for autonomous surface vehicles subject to actuator faults. In order to tackle the challenges presented by unknown actuator faults, internal model uncertainties, and external disturbances, we propose a fault‐tolerant control scheme that relies on an extended state observer to estimate the unknown parameters. In addition, considering the occurrence of actuator faults, a novel event‐triggered mechanism is developed to reduce wear of actuator and ensures the performance of system. On this basis, we employ backstepping technique and an improved artificial potential function methods to develop an event‐triggered obstacle avoidance control scheme with the capability of fault tolerance. This proposed control strategy ensures the uniform ultimate boundedness of tracking errors. In contrast to existing results, the presented control strategy simultaneously holds the performance of obstacle avoidance and fault tolerance and reduce the update frequency of actuators. The effectiveness of the provided control scheme has been confirmed through simulation.
LEO satellite constellations configuration based on the Doppler effect in laser intersatellite links
Authors: Boumalek Kaouther , Aris Skander , Goh Shu Ting , Zekavat Seyed A. , Benslama Malek 
Published: May 2024

SummaryThis paper presents low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellation configuration based on the performance of Doppler effect in laser intersatellite links (LISLs). It studies the impact of the LEO constellation's parameters on the performance of the Doppler effect in LISLs. The paper aims to develop LEO satellite constellation configurations that evolve LISLs with minimal Doppler shift. It evaluates the impact of the variation of the relative distance, the inclination angle of the LEO constellation orbital planes, the orbital planes number in the LEO constellation, and the altitude on the performance of Doppler wavelength shift (DWS) in LISLs, for different operating laser wavelengths (OLWs) with respect to two possible intersatellite links (ISL) connection modes within the constellation, straight ISL (n‐to‐n) and inclined ISL (n‐to‐n − 1). n is the order of the satellite in the orbital plane. Simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of these configurations in terms of altitude, OLW, inclination angle, and the number of orbital planes. In addition, both OneWeb and Starlink constellations are studied to evaluate DWS performance. The study demonstrates that DWS decreases either with the diminution of the relative distance between linked LEO satellites, the inclination of LEO constellation, and the OLW, or with the augmentation of the orbital planes number and altitude. Moreover, the overall DWS between two LEO satellites in the proposed constellation is at least 50% lower than the constellation configuration in other literature. The paper proposes the LEO constellation's configurations that perform LISLs with less possible Doppler effect by optimizing the LEO constellation parameters that impact the Doppler effect. The result of this study helps in the early stage of LEO satellite constellation designing in terms of payload simplicity and cost.
Homogeneously Planar‐Exposure LiB Fiber Skeleton Toward Long‐Lifespan Practical Li Metal Pouch Cells
Authors: Long Kecheng , Liu Xinsheng , Yang Jixu , Wang Han , Wang Anbang , Chen Yuejiao , Mei Lin , Zhang Yu , Wu Zhibin , Wang Weikun , Jin Zhaoqing , Chen Libao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLiB alloy is promising lithium (Li) metal anode material because the continuous internal LiB fiber skeleton can effectively suppress Li dendrites and structural pulverization. However, the unvalued surface states limit the practical application of LiB alloy anodes. Herein, the study examined the influence of the different exposure manners of the internal LiB fiber skeleton owing to the various surface states of the LiB alloy anode on electrochemical performance and targetedly proposed a scalable friction coating strategy to construct a lithiated fumed silica (LFS) functional layer with abundant electrochemically active sites on the surface of the LiB alloy anode. The LFS significantly suppresses the inhomogeneous interfacial electrochemical behavior of the LiB alloy anode and enables the exposure of the internal LiB fiber skeleton in a homogeneously planar manner (LFS‐LiB). Thus, a 0.5 Ah LFS‐LiB||LiCoO2 (LCO) pouch cell exhibits a discharge capacity retention rate of 80% after 388 cycles. Moreover, a 6.15 Ah LFS‐LiB||S pouch cell with 409.3 Wh kg−1 exhibits a discharge capacity retention rate of 80% after 30 cycles. In conclusion, the study findings provide a new research perspective for Li alloy anodes.