bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A claudin5-binding peptide enhances the permeability of the blood-brain-barrier
Authors: Trevisani Martina , Berselli Alessandro , Alberini Giulio , Centonze Eleonora , Vercellino Silvia , Cartocci Veronica , Millo Enrico , Ciubanu Dinu Zinovie , Armirotti Andrea , Pisani Francesco , Zara Federico , Castagnola Valentina , Maragliano Luca , Benfenati Fabio 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTThe blood-brain barrier (BBB) is essential to maintain brain homeostasis and healthy conditions but it also prevents drugs from reaching brain cells. In the BBB, tight junctions (TJs) are multi-protein complexes located at the interface between adjacent brain endothelial cells that regulate paracellular diffusion and claudin-5 (CLDN5) is the major component of the TJ portfolio, playing a pivotal role in restricting the paracellular traffic. In view of obtaining fine control over the transport across the BBB, the use of competing peptides able to bind CLDN5 to induce transient and regulated permeabilization of the paracellular passage is emerging as a potentially translatable strategy for clinical applications. In this work, we designed and tested short peptides with improved solubility and biocompatibility using a combined approach that involved structural modeling techniques andin vitrovalidation, generating a robust workflow for the design, screening, and optimization of peptides for the modulation of the BBB paracellular permeability. We designed a selection of 11- to 16-mer compounds derived from the first CLDN5 extracellular domain and from the CLDN5-binding domain ofClostridium perfringensenterotoxin and determined their efficiency in enhancing BBB permeability. The computational analysis classified all tested peptides based on solubility and affinity to CLDN5, and provided atom-level details of the binding process. From our screening, we identified a novel CLDN5-derived peptide, here calledf1-C5C2, which demonstrated good solubility in biological media, efficient binding to CLDN5 subunits, and capability to increase permeability at low concentrations. The peptidomimeticin silico/in vitrostrategy described here can achieve a transient and reversible permeabilization of the BBB with potential applications in the pharmacological treatment of brain diseases.HIGHLIGHTSWater-soluble peptidomimetics are used to competitively bind claudin-5 tight junction proteins and increase the permeability of the blood-brain barrier;Trans-endothelial electrical resistance and dissociation constant measurements demonstrate the binding affinity of the peptidef1-C5C2for claudin-5;Unbinding free energy calculations correlated with experimental results and provided information on the protein-peptide binding interface.Incubation with the peptidef1-C5C2allows paracellular transport of 4K, but not 70K, dextran.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Toll-Like-Receptor 5 protects against pulmonary fibrosis by reducing lung dysbiosis
Authors: Sakamachi Yosuke , Wiley Emma , Solis Alma , Johnson Collin G , Meng Xianglin , Hussain Salik , Lipinski Jay H , O’Dwyer David N , Randall Thomas , Malphurs Jason , Papas Brian , Wu Benjamin G , Li Yonghua , Kugler Matthias , Mehta Sanya , Trempus Carol S , Thomas Seddon Y , Li Jian-Liang , Zhou Lecong , Karmaus Peer W , Fessler Michael B , McGrath John A , Gibson Kevin , Kass Daniel J , Gleiberman Anatoli , Walts Avram , Invernizzi Rachele , Molyneaux Phil L , Yang Ivana V , Zhang Yingze , Kaminski Naftali , Segal Leopoldo N , Schwartz David A , Gudkov Andrei V , Garantziotis Stavros 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating pulmonary disease with no curative treatment other than lung transplantation. IPF results from maladaptive responses to lung epithelial injury, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show that deficiency in the innate immune receptor, toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5), is associated with IPF in humans and with increased susceptibility to epithelial injury and experimental fibrosis in mice, while activation of lung epithelial TLR5 through a synthetic flagellin analogue protects from experimental fibrosis. Mechanistically, epithelial TLR5 activation induces antimicrobial gene expression and ameliorates dysbiosis after lung injury. In contrast, TLR5 deficiency in mice and IPF patients is associated with lung dysbiosis. Elimination of the microbiome in mice through antibiotics abolishes the protective effect of TLR5 and reconstitution of the microbiome rescues the observed phenotype. In aggregate, TLR5 deficiency is associated with IPF and dysbiosis in humans and in the murine model of pulmonary fibrosis. Furthermore, TLR5 protects against pulmonary fibrosis in mice and this protection is mediated by effects on the microbiome.One-sentence summaryDeficiency in the innate immune receptor TLR5 is a risk factor for pulmonary fibrosis, because TLR5 prevents microbial dysbiosis after lung injury.
Finding the right words to evaluate research: An empirical appraisal of eLife’s assessment vocabulary
Authors: Hardwicke Tom E. , Schiavone Sarah R. , Clarke Beth , Vazire Simine 
Published: May 2024

AbstractResearch articles published by the journal eLife are accompanied by short evaluation statements that use phrases from a prescribed vocabulary to evaluate research on two dimensions: importance and strength of support. Intuitively, the prescribed phrases appear to be highly synonymous (e.g., important/valuable, compelling/convincing) and the vocabulary’s ordinal structure may not be obvious to readers. We conducted an online repeated-measures experiment to gauge whether the phrases were interpreted as intended. We also tested an alternative vocabulary with (in our view) a less ambiguous structure. 301 participants with a doctoral or graduate degree used a 0-100% scale to rate the importance and strength of support of hypothetical studies described using phrases from both vocabularies. For the eLife vocabulary, most participants’ implied ranking did not match the intended ranking on both the importance (n= 59, 20% matched, 95% confidence interval [15% to 24%]) and strength of support dimensions (n= 45, 15% matched [11% to 20%]). By contrast, for the alternative vocabulary, most participants’ implied ranking did match the intended ranking on both the importance (n= 188, 62% matched [57% to 68%]) and strength of support dimensions (n= 201, 67% matched [62% to 72%]). eLife’s vocabulary tended to produce less consistent between-person interpretations, though the alternative vocabulary still elicited some overlapping interpretations away from the middle of the scale. We speculate that explicit presentation of a vocabulary’s intended ordinal structure could improve interpretation. Overall, these findings suggest that more structured and less ambiguous language can improve communication of research evaluations.
Structural basis of the bacterial flagellar motor rotational switching
Authors: Tan Jiaxing , Zhang Ling , Zhou Xingtong , Han Siyu , Zhou Yan , Zhu Yongqun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe bacterial flagellar motor is a huge bidirectional rotary nanomachine that drives rotation of the flagellum for bacterial motility1–5. The cytoplasmic C ring of the flagellar motor functions as the switch complex for the rotational direction switching from counterclockwise to clockwise2,3,6–9. However, the structural basis of the rotational switching and how the C ring is assembled have long remained elusive. Here, we present two high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy structures of the C ring-containing flagellar motor-hook complex fromSalmonellaTyphimurium, which are in the default counterclockwise state and in a constitutively active CheY mutant-induced clockwise state, respectively. In both complexes, the C ring consists of four subrings, but is in two different conformations. The CheY proteins are bound into an open groove between two adjacent protomers on the surface of the middle subring of the C ring and interact with the FliG and FliM subunits. The binding of the CheY protein induces a significant upward shift of the C ring towards the MS ring and inward movements of its protomers towards the motor center, which eventually remodels the structures of the FliG subunits and reverses the orientations and surface electrostatic potential of the αtorquehelices to trigger the counterclockwise-to-clockwise rotational switching. The conformational changes of the FliG subunits reveal that the stator units on the flagellar motors require a relocation process in the bacterial inner membrane during the rotational switching. This study provides unprecedented molecular insights into the rotational switching mechanism and a detailed overall structural view of the bacterial flagellar motors.
IFI207, a young and fast-evolving protein, controls retroviral replication via the STING pathway
Authors: Moran Eileen A. , Salas-Briceno Karen , Zhao Wenming , Enya Takuji , Aguilera Alexya N. , Acosta Ivan , Alonzo Francis , Kiani Dara , Behnsen Judith , Alvarez Catalina , Keane Thomas M. , Adams David J. , Lilue Jingtao , Ross Susan R. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTMammalian AIM-2-like receptor (ALR) proteins bind nucleic acids and initiate production of type I interferons or inflammasome assembly, thereby contributing to host innate immunity. In mice, theAlrlocus is highly polymorphic at the sequence and copy number level and we show here, is one of the most dynamic regions of the genome. One rapidly evolving gene within this region,Ifi207, was introduced to theMusgenome by gene conversion or an unequal recombination event a few million years ago.Ifi207has a large, distinctive repeat region that differs in sequence and length amongMusspecies and even closely related inbredMus musculusstrains. We show that IFI207 controls MLV infectionin vivoand that it plays a role in the STING-mediated response to cGAMP, dsDNA, DMXXA and MLV. IFI207 binds to STING and inclusion of its repeat region appears to stabilize STING protein. TheAlrlocus andIfi207provide a clear example of the evolutionary innovation of gene function, possibly as a result of host-pathogen co-evolution.IMPORTANCEThe Red Queen hypothesis predicts that the arms race between pathogens and the host may accelerate evolution of both sides, and therefore cause higher diversity in virulence factors and immune-related proteins, respectively (1). TheAlrgene family in mice has undergone rapid evolution in the last few million years and includes the creation of two novel members,MndaLandIfi207.Ifi207in particular became highly divergent, with significant genetic changes between highly related inbred mice. IFI207 protein acts in the STING pathway and contributes to anti-retroviral resistance via a novel mechanism. The data show that under the pressure of host-pathogen coevolution in a dynamic locus, gene conversion and recombination between gene family members creates new genes with novel and essential functions that play diverse roles in biological processes.
Scoping review of free evidence summary sources available online, relevant to occupational therapists working with children/youth, and families
Authors: Muir Philip , Dunford Carolyn 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
Evidence-based practice is a professional standard for occupational therapists, but limited time, resources and knowledge challenge its implementation. This study aims to identify what free evidence summary sources (FESS) can be found through a simple online search, related to child/youth interventions surrounding cerebral palsy (CP), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), developmental coordination disorder (DCD), mental health or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (MH/ADHD). Evidence summaries share research in concise, time-efficient manners.

Design/methodology/approach
An internet-based scoping review was conducted between February 2022 and July 2022, using Google, and known evidence summary producers. Evidence summaries meeting the inclusion criteria were located and catalogued. Type of agency, target audiences, purpose and distribution of evidence summaries related to diagnosis were identified for each FESS.

Findings
Ten FESS were found, which produced 113 intervention-focused evidence summaries within the past 10 years. These FESS were aimed at a variety of target audiences: service providers, service users, parents/families, researchers and commissioners, and were produced primarily by non-profit/charity organisations (6 of 10) who were trying to fill a gap in evidence. Forty-eight evidence summaries were related to ASD, 34 to CP, 29 to MH/ADHD and two to DCD.

Originality/value
A catalogue of FESS that exist online was produced, to support evidence-based practice for paediatric occupational therapists with limited resources, and may support improved health promotion and informed decision-making for service users. No consistent framework for FESS evidence summaries exists at this time.
Towards a critical realism synthesis of configurational and middle-range theorising
Authors: Malik Mohsin , Ali Imran 
Published: May 2024

PurposeWe present configurational theorising as a novel approach to developing middle-range theory in two steps: (1) we illustrate configurational theorising as a new form of supply chain inquiry by connecting its philosophical assumptions with a methodological execution, and (2) we generate new insights underpinning a middle-range theory for supply chain resilience.Design/methodology/approachWe synthesise information from a range of sources and invoke ‘critical realism” to suggest a five-phase configurational theorising roadmap to develop middle-range theory. We demonstrate this roadmap to explain supply chain resilience by analysing qualitative data from 22 organisations within the Australian food supply chain.FindingsCoopetition and supply chain collaboration are necessary causal conditions, but they need to combine with either supply chain agility or multi-sourcing strategy to build supply chain resilience. Asymmetrical analyses showed that the simultaneous absence of supply chain collaboration, supply chain agility and multi-sourcing results in low supply chain resilience, but coopetition was indifferent to low supply chain resilience. Similarly, high supply chain resilience is possible with the non-presence of supply chain agility and multi-sourcing.Research limitations/implicationsThe configurational middle-range theorising roadmap presented and empirically tested in this paper constitutes a substantial advancement to both theory and the methodological domain.Originality/valueThis is the first attempt at developing a middle-range theory for supply chains by explicitly drawing on configurational theorising.
Determinants of Islamic fintech adoption: a systematic literature review
Authors: Maniam Shatheish 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
Sharia-compliant financial technologies (Islamic fintech) are becoming increasingly popular among Muslims and non-Muslims. As the Islamic fintech landscape continues to grow and transform, it is crucial to understand the factors that influence the acceptance or adoption of Islamic fintech services from the past literature. Therefore, this paper aims to conduct a systematic literature review (SLR) to investigate and compile factors that could influence a user to adopt Islamic fintech.

Design/methodology/approach
The current study adopted the systematic literature review approach using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses technique to examine research on Islamic fintech adoption. A set of inclusion criteria was applied to filter out irrelevant documents and ensure the selection of only the most relevant ones. The criteria were limited to quantitative journals published in English between 2012 and 2022, as identified in Scopus outlets.

Findings
Despite the existence of various theoretical frameworks, the technology acceptance model and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 frameworks have gained prominence as the most frequently applied frameworks in examining Islamic fintech adoption. In addition, trust is the most important self-developed construct for the adoption of Islamic Fintech.

Research limitations/implications
The current study does not segregate the intention, actual usage and retention, as the author is interested in understanding the overall adoption of Islamic fintech services. To obtain more specific analysis results, future research could potentially separate the three types of adoption exposure, i.e., consumer acceptance, intention and retention. Next, future studies can also expand their analysis and gain a better understanding of the research topic by exploring alternative data sources such as Web of Science, ERA or JSTOR.

Originality/value
To the best of the author’s knowledge, this study makes a significant contribution to the literature by providing the first systematic literature review of factors influencing fintech adoption from an Islamic perspective.
A study on the effect of the geometric properties and surface defects on silicon chip flexibility for wearable electronics
Authors: Pan Yan , Jin Taiyu , Peng Xiaohui , Zhu Pengli , Paik Kyung W. 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this paper was to investigate how variations in the geometry of silicon chips and the presence of surface defects affect their static bending properties. By comparing the bending radius and strength across differently sized and treated chips, the study sought to understand the underlying mechanics that contribute to the flexibility of silicon-based electronic devices. This understanding is crucial for the development of advanced, robust and adaptable electronic systems that can withstand the rigors of manufacturing and everyday use.

Design/methodology/approach
This study explores the impact of silicon chip geometry and surface defects on flexibility through a multifaceted experimental approach. The methodology included preparing silicon chips of three distinct dimensions and subjecting them to thinning processes to achieve a uniform thickness verified via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Finite element method (FEM) simulations and a series of four-point bending tests were used to analyze the bending flexibility theoretically and experimentally. The approach was comprehensive, examining both the intrinsic geometric factors and the extrinsic influence of surface defects induced by manufacturing processes.

Findings
The findings revealed a significant deviation between the theoretical predictions from FEM simulations and the experimental outcomes from the four-point bending tests. Rectangular-shaped chips demonstrated superior flexibility, with smaller dimensions leading to an increased bending strength. Surface defects, identified as critical factors affecting flexibility, were analyzed through SEM and atomic force microscopy, showing that etching processes could reduce defect density and enhance flexibility. Notably, the study concluded that surface defects have a more pronounced impact on silicon chip flexibility than geometric factors, challenging initial assumptions and highlighting the need for defect minimization in chip manufacturing.

Originality/value
This research contributes valuable insights into the design and fabrication of flexible electronic devices, emphasizing the significant role of surface defects over geometric considerations in determining silicon chip flexibility. The originality of the work lies in its holistic approach to dissecting the factors influencing silicon chip flexibility, combining theoretical simulations with practical bending tests and surface defect analysis. The findings underscore the importance of optimizing manufacturing processes to reduce surface defects, thereby paving the way for the creation of more durable and flexible electronic devices for future technologies.
Designing an occupation‐based group intervention for adult inpatient rehabilitation: Partnering with clinicians and patients using a nominal group technique design
Authors: Wall Gemma , Pearce Claire , Gustafsson Louise , Isbel Stephen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionOccupation‐based interventions use engagement in a person's daily activities to achieve change. There is growing research into the use of occupation‐based group interventions in the inpatient rehabilitation setting. It remains unclear whether occupation‐based groups offer comparable outcomes to occupation‐based interventions delivered individually; this research will precede a clinical trial aimed at comparing these two approaches for improving occupational performance outcomes. This study details the process of co‐designing the intervention. Partnering with clinicians and patients in the design of healthcare interventions can promote patient‐centred care, enhance uptake, and improve applicability and sustainability of the intervention to that setting.MethodsA modified nominal group technique (NGT) design was applied to facilitate two meetings and an electronic survey with an expert panel of clinicians and patients. Twelve participants (n = 4 occupational therapists, n = 1 registered nurse, n = 1 physiotherapist, n = 1 occupational therapy assistant, n = 1 occupational therapy manager, and n = 4 patients) were purposively recruited. A modified approach to the technique's four stages was used: silent generation, round robin, clarification, and voting. Consensus was set at >50%. Qualitative data from group discussions were analysed thematically.FindingsAll participants agreed the intervention should include patient‐centred, goal‐directed, practice of daily activities, including breakfast and lunch preparation, domestic tasks, and laundry. Other components that were agreed included where the groups could run, group size, eligibility criteria, and frequency. Key themes from clinicians included needing a goal‐directed intervention, focused on progressing towards hospital discharge; time and resource requirements were also discussed. Patients emphasised the importance of building social connections, opportunity to engage in meaningful activity, and the importance of linking participation to patient goals.ConclusionThrough collaboration with clinicians and patients, an occupation‐based group intervention considering the available evidence, alongside clinical, experiential, and contextual sources of knowledge was developed; this resulted in an evidence‐based, patient‐centred, and contextually relevant intervention.
A Behavioural Science Approach to Tackling Sexism and Misogyny in Policing: Interventions for Instigating Cultural Change
Authors: Wire Julia , Flanagan Esther 
Published: May 2024

AbstractChanging ingrained behaviours linked to sexism and misogyny in policing cannot be achieved by a quick fix. There are numerous barriers to change within the policing system, which require multiple targeted interventions running in parallel to tackle sexism and misogyny successfully. A behavioural science approach was applied to ‘diagnose’ the problem and identify interventions systematically. This approach does not seek to explain behaviour in terms of the characteristics of individual officers or staff. It combines insights from a range of disciplines to understand how people act in particular contexts. There is no single intervention that can shift ingrained behaviour; a package of targeted interventions is needed. Using the ‘behaviour change wheel’ as the underpinning framework, four target behaviours, seven key influences on behaviour and twelve interventions for change were identified. The connections between the behaviours, influences and interventions illustrate how a holistic package of interventions is required to change culture across the policing system.