bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteomic analysis of young leaves at three developmental stages in an albino tea cultivar
Authors: Li Qin , Huang Jianan , Liu Shuoqian , Li Juan , Yang Xinhe , Liu Yisong , Liu Zhonghua 
Published: August 2011

Abstract

Background
White leaf No.1 is a typical albino tea cultivar grown in China and it has received increased attention in recent years due to the fact that white leaves containing a high level of amino acids, which are very important components affecting the quality of tea drink. According to the color of its leaves, the development of this tea cultivar is divided into three stages: the pre-albinistic stage, the albinistic stage and the regreening stage. To understand the intricate mechanism of periodic albinism, a comparative proteomic approach based on two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry was adopted first time to identify proteins that changed in abundance during the three developmental periods.

Results
The 2-DE results showed that the expression level of 61 protein spots varied markedly during the three developmental stages. To analyze the functions of the significantly differentially expressed protein spots, 30 spots were excised from gels and analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-tandem mass spectrometry. Of these, 26 spots were successfully identified. All identified protein spots were involved in metabolism of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur, photosynthesis, protein processing, stress defense and RNA processing, indicating these physiological processes may play crucial roles in the periodic albinism. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis was used to assess the transcriptional level of differentially expressed proteins. In addition, the ultrastructural studies revealed that the etioplast-chloroplast transition in the leaf cell of White leaf No. 1 was inhibited and the grana in the chloroplast was destroyed at the albinistic stage.

Conclusions
In this work, the proteomic analysis revealed that some proteins may have important roles in the molecular events involved in periodic albinism of White leaf No. 1 and identificated many attractive candidates for further investigation. In addition, the ultrastructural studies revealed that the change in leaf color of White leaf No. 1 might be a consequence of suppression of the etioplast-chloroplast transition and damage to grana in the chloroplast induced by temperature. These results provide much useful information to improve our understanding of the mechanism of albinism in the albino tea cultivar.
Harmonic scalpel versus flexible CO2 laser for tongue resection: A histopathological analysis of thermal damage in human cadavers
Authors: Hanby Duncan F , Gremillion Grayson , Zieske Arthur W , Loehn Bridget , Whitworth Richard , Wolf Tamir , Kakade Anagha C , Walvekar Rohan R 
Published: August 2011

Abstract

Background
Monopolar cautery is the most commonly used surgical cutting and hemostatic tool for head and neck surgery. There are newer technologies that are being utilized with the goal of precise cutting, decreasing blood loss, reducing thermal damage, and allowing faster wound healing. Our study compares thermal damage caused by Harmonic scalpel and CO2 laser to cadaveric tongue.

Methods
Two fresh human cadaver heads were enrolled for the study. Oral tongue was exposed and incisions were made in the tongue akin to a tongue tumor resection using the harmonic scalpel and flexible C02 laser fiber at various settings recommended for surgery. The margins of resection were sampled, labeled, and sent for pathological analysis to assess depth of thermal damage calculated in millimeters. The pathologist was blinded to the surgical tool used. Control tongue tissue was also sent for comparison as a baseline for comparison.

Results
Three tongue samples were studied to assess depth of thermal damage by harmonic scalpel. The mean depth of thermal damage was 0.69 (range, 0.51 - 0.82). Five tongue samples were studied to assess depth of thermal damage by CO2 laser. The mean depth of thermal damage was 0.3 (range, 0.22 to 0.43). As expected, control samples showed 0 mm of thermal damage. There was a statistically significant difference between the depth of thermal injury to tongue resection margins by harmonic scalpel as compared to CO2 laser, (p = 0.003).

Conclusion
In a cadaveric model, flexible CO2 laser fiber causes less depth of thermal damage when compared with harmonic scalpel at settings utilized in our study. However, the relevance of this information in terms of wound healing, hemostasis, safety, cost-effectiveness, and surgical outcomes needs to be further studied in clinical settings.
Induction of humoral and cellular immune responses against the HIV-1 envelope protein using γ-retroviral virus-like particles
Authors: Kirkegaard Tea , Wheatley Adam , Melchjorsen Jesper , Bahrami Shervin , Pedersen Finn S , Center Robert J , Purcell Damian FJ , Ostergaard Lars , Duch Mogens , Tolstrup Martin 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
This study evaluates the immunogenicity of the HIV envelope protein (env) in mice presented either attached to γ-retroviral virus-like-particles (VLPs), associated with cell-derived microsomes or as solubilized recombinant protein (gp160). The magnitude and polyfunctionality of the cellular immune response was enhanced when delivering HIV env in the VLP or microsome form compared to recombinant gp160. Humoral responses measured by antibody titres were comparable across the groups and low levels of antibody neutralization were observed. Lastly, we identified stronger IgG2a class switching in the two particle-delivered antigen vaccinations modalities compared to recombinant gp160.
Adult granulosa cell tumor associated with endometrial carcinoma: a case report
Authors: Ukah Cornelius O , Ikpeze Okechukwu C , Eleje George U , Eke Ahizechukwu C 
Published: August 2011

Abstract

Introduction
If strict criteria for the diagnosis of carcinoma are used and all patients with granulosa cell tumors are considered, the best estimate of the incidence of associated endometrial carcinomas is under 5%. In patients with granulosa cell tumors, estrogen-dependent endometrial cancers are rarely found, and most of these endometrial cancers are well-differentiated endometrioid adenocarcinomas that carry a good prognosis when detected early.

Case presentation
We report the case of a 65-year-old post-menopausal Nigerian woman of the Igbo tribe with an adult granulosa cell tumor that was initially treated as endometrial carcinoma. She underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy and a bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy after histopathologic confirmation of a well-differentiated granulosa cell tumor of the ovary and a nuclear grade 1 adenocarcinoma of the endometrium (International Federation of Obstetricians and Gynecologists stage 1B). She had a good post-operative recovery and was discharged 10 days after treatment.

Conclusion
The association between adult granulosa cell tumors of the ovary and endometrial carcinomas is rare. A high index of suspicion as well as good imaging and histopathologic analyses are important in making this diagnosis.
Accuracy of Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Tractography for Surgery of Gliomas Near the Pyramidal Tract
Authors: Ohue Shiro , Kohno Shohei , Inoue Akihiro , Yamashita Daisuke , Harada Hironobu , Kumon Yoshiaki , Kikuchi Keiichi , Miki Hitoshi , Ohnishi Takanori 
Published: August 2011

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Diffusion tensor (DT) imaging-based fiber tracking is a noninvasive magnetic resonance technique that can delineate the course of white matter fibers.

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the accuracy and usefulness of this DT imaging-based fiber tracking for surgery in patients with gliomas near the pyramidal tract (PT).

METHODS:
Subjects comprised 32 patients with gliomas near the PT. DT imaging-based fiber tracks of the PT were generated before and within 3 days after surgery in all patients. A tractography-integrated navigation system was used during the operation. Cortical and subcortical motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) were also monitored during resection to maximize the preservation of motor function. The threshold intensity for subcortical MEPs was examined by searching the stimulus points and changing the stimulus intensity. Minimum distance between the resection border and the illustrated PT was measured on postoperative tractography.

RESULTS:
In all subjects, DT imaging-based tractography of the PT was successfully performed, preoperatively demonstrating the relationship between tumors and the PT. With the use of the tractography-integrated navigation system and intraoperative MEPs, motor function was preserved postoperatively in all patients. A significant correlation was seen between threshold intensity for subcortical MEPs and the distance between the resection border and PT on postoperative DT imaging.

CONCLUSION:
DT imaging-based fiber tracking is a reliable and accurate method for mapping the course of subcortical PTs. Fiber tracking and intraoperative MEPs were useful for preserving motor function in patients with gliomas near the PT.
Computer Modelling and Simulation of the Current Density Distribution in the Human Body
Authors: Aronshtam Yulia , Tränkler Hans-Rolf 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
The aim of the study is to figure out the possibilities of computer modelling of human body and simulating the processes of the electric current distribution in the tissues in order to estimate the current´s effects on a human health. The research area was limited to the pulse current typical for electrical incapacitating devices (EID), e. g. electro-shockers. Thus, the present study might be applied for EIDs health effects evaluation, e. g. predicting the probability of causing ventricular fibrillation based on the current and charge densities in the heart area. The study was held in the frame of the “Safety and Security for Home and Living” workgroup.
Recommendations for the Prevention of Perinatal Group B Streptococcal (GBS) Disease
Authors: Baker Carol J. , Byington Carrie L. , Polin Richard A. ,   Committee on Infectious Diseases and Committee on Fetus and Newborn
Published: August 2011

This Policy Statement was retired January 2015.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines for the prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal (GBS) disease were initially published in 1996. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) also published a policy statement on this topic in 1997. In 2002, the CDC published revised guidelines that recommended universal antenatal GBS screening; the AAP endorsed these guidelines and published recommendations based on them in the 2003 Red Book. Since then, the incidence of early-onset GBS disease in neonates has decreased by an estimated 80%. However, in 2010, GBS disease remained the leading cause of early-onset neonatal sepsis. The CDC issued revised guidelines in 2010 based on evaluation of data generated after 2002. These revised and comprehensive guidelines, which have been endorsed by the AAP, reaffirm the major prevention strategy—universal antenatal GBS screening and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis for culture-positive and high-risk women—and include new recommendations for laboratory methods for identification of GBS colonization during pregnancy, algorithms for screening and intrapartum prophylaxis for women with preterm labor and premature rupture of membranes, updated prophylaxis recommendations for women with a penicillin allergy, and a revised algorithm for the care of newborn infants. The purpose of this policy statement is to review and discuss the differences between the 2002 and 2010 CDC guidelines that are most relevant for the practice of pediatrics.
Tumor Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Genotype and Depression in Stage IV Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Pirl William F. , Traeger Lara , Greer Joseph A. , Bemis Heather , Gallagher Emily , Lennes Inga , Sequist Lecia , Heist Rebecca , Temel Jennifer S. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract

Introduction.
Depression appears to be associated with worse survival from cancer, but underlying mechanisms for this association are unknown. In the present study, we explored the degree to which tumor genotype may be associated with depression in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We examined differences in depression severity and rates of positive screens for major depressive disorder among newly diagnosed patients with stage IV NSCLC and known epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) genotype.

Methods.
Newly diagnosed patients (n = 53) with metastatic NSCLC attending an initial thoracic oncology consultation completed self-report questionnaires regarding demographics, smoking behavior, and depression before meeting with their oncologist. Biopsy samples were subsequently genotyped, including screening for EGFR mutations. We conducted a retrospective chart review to obtain clinical data, including tumor stage, performance status, and EGFR genotype.

Results.
Twelve patients (22.6%) tested positive for EGFR mutation. No EGFR mutation–positive cases met the screening criteria for major depressive disorder, in comparison with 29.3% of patients with wild-type EGFR (p = .03). Mutations of EGFR were also associated with lower depression severity than with wild-type EGFR, independent of gender, performance status, and smoking history (p &lt; .05). This finding persisted for both the cognitive–affective and somatic domains of depression symptoms.

Conclusions.
EGFR mutations were associated with lower depression severity and lower rates of probable major depressive disorder in patients with metastatic NSCLC, based on mood screening performed before results of genotyping were known. Findings support further work to explore the directionality of the associations and potential biological pathways to depression.
Apolipoprotein E4 Exaggerates Diabetic Dyslipidemia and Atherosclerosis in Mice Lacking the LDL Receptor
Authors: Johnson Lance A. , Arbones-Mainar Jose M. , Fox Raymond G. , Pendse Avani A. , Altenburg Michael K. , Kim Hyung-Suk , Maeda Nobuyo 
Published: August 2011

OBJECTIVE
We investigated the differential roles of apolipoprotein E (apoE) isoforms in modulating diabetic dyslipidemia—a potential cause of the increased cardiovascular disease risk of patients with diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Diabetes was induced using streptozotocin (STZ) in human apoE3 (E3) or human apoE4 (E4) mice deficient in the LDL receptor (LDLR−/−).

RESULTS
Diabetic E3LDLR−/− and E4LDLR−/− mice have indistinguishable levels of plasma glucose and insulin. Despite this, diabetes increased VLDL triglycerides and LDL cholesterol in E4LDLR−/− mice twice as much as in E3LDLR−/− mice. Diabetic E4LDLR−/− mice had similar lipoprotein fractional catabolic rates compared with diabetic E3LDLR−/− mice but had larger hepatic fat stores and increased VLDL secretion. Diabetic E4LDLR−/− mice demonstrated a decreased reliance on lipid as an energy source based on indirect calorimetry. Lower phosphorylated acetyl-CoA carboxylase content and higher gene expression of fatty acid synthase in the liver indicated reduced fatty acid oxidation and increased fatty acid synthesis. E4LDLR−/− primary hepatocytes cultured in high glucose accumulated more intracellular lipid than E3LDLR−/− hepatocytes concomitant with a 60% reduction in fatty acid oxidation. Finally, the exaggerated dyslipidemia in diabetic E4LDLR−/− mice was accompanied by a dramatic increase in atherosclerosis.

CONCLUSIONS
ApoE4 causes severe dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis independent of its interaction with LDLR in a model of STZ-induced diabetes. ApoE4-expressing livers have reduced fatty acid oxidation, which contributes to the accumulation of tissue and plasma lipids.
A comparison of some efficient numerical methods for a nonlinear elliptic problem
Authors: Kovács Balázs 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to compare and realize three efficient iterative methods, which have mesh independent convergence, and to propose some improvements for them. We look for the numerical solution of a nonlinear model problem using FEM discretization with gradient and Newton type methods.
Three numerical methods have been carried out, namely, the gradient, Newton and quasi-Newton methods. We have solved the model problem with these methods, we have investigated the differences between them and analyzed their behavior, efficiency and mesh independence. We also compare the theoretical results to the numerical ones, and finally we propose some improvements which we also investigate.
Absent “Window of Opportunity” in Smokers with Short Disease Duration. Data from BARFOT, a Multicenter Study of Early Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: SÖDERLIN MARIA K. , BERGMAN STEFAN 
Published: August 2011

Objective.To study the effect of disease duration and smoking on outcome in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods.Between 1996 and 2004, 1587 patients were included in the BARFOT early RA (disease duration ≤ 1 year) study in Sweden. European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) response, Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), rheumatoid factor (RF), and antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) were recorded at study start and at 3, 6, and 12 months.Results.In total, 180 RA patients (11%) had disease duration ≤ 12 weeks. These patients achieved good EULAR response significantly more often at 3 and 12 months than patients with a longer disease duration despite having more aggressive disease [EULAR good response was achieved by 35% and 35% at 3 and 12 months, respectively, among the patients with disease duration ≤ 12 weeks, by 35% and 41% of patients with disease duration of 13–24 weeks, and by 28% and 33% of patients with disease duration of 25–52 weeks (p = 0.02 for 3 months; p = 0.02 for 12 months)]. There was a significant correlation between improvement in Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS28), its individual variables, and Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and disease duration up to 12 months after study start. For smokers, no such trend was seen.Conclusion.Up to 12 months after inclusion in the study, there was a significant correlation between improvement in DAS28, its individual components, and HAQ and disease duration, with patients who had a shorter disease duration improving most. Smokers had poorer EULAR response and showed no improvement with regard to disease duration.
Tocilizumab Monotherapy Reduces Arterial Stiffness as Effectively as Etanercept or Adalimumab Monotherapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Open-label Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: KUME KENSUKE , AMANO KANZO , YAMADA SUSUMU , HATTA KAZUHIKO , OHTA HIROYUKI , KUWABA NORIKO 
Published: August 2011

Objective.To compare the respective effects of tocilizumab (TCZ) monotherapy, etanercept (ETN) monotherapy, and adalimumab (ADA) monotherapy on arterial stiffness in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in an open-label, randomized controlled trial.Methods.Patients with RA were eligible if they had active disease (28-joint Disease Activity Score > 3.2) and no prior treatment with methotrexate or biologics. All 64 patients had no history of cardiovascular disease or steroid treatment. Patients were randomly assigned to receive TCZ alone (n = 22), ETN alone (n = 21), or ADA alone (n = 21). Arterial stiffness was assessed with cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and aortic augmentation index normalized to a fixed heart rate of 75 bpm (AIx@75) at baseline and 24 weeks’ followup. Clinical data were collected at regular visits.Results.The characteristics of each group at baseline were not significantly different. In all groups there was significant attenuation from baseline to 24 weeks in CAVI (Week 0-Week 24, TCZ: 0.85 ± 0.15 m/s, p = 0.02; ETN: 0.81 ± 0.18 m/s, p = 0.03; ADA: 0.90 ± 0.21 m/s, p = 0.02) and in AIx@75. There were no significant differences among the groups in measures of CAVI or AIx@75. The 3 therapies made no difference to carotid intima-media thickness and carotid artery plaque. Only TCZ increased fasting serum total cholesterol from baseline to 24 weeks.Conclusion.The 3 types of monotherapy limited arterial stiffness in patients with RA to a similar extent.
Pour faire face à un fonctionnement psychotique : un travail de contact centré-sur-le-client en contexte psychiatrique résidentiel
Authors: Van Werde Dion , Ducroux-Biass Françoise 
Published: August 2011

Résumé Au début des années quatre-vingt-dix se dessinait, pour le Professeur Germain Lietaer (1990), une nouvelle tendance en psychothérapie centrée sur le client/expérientielle : « Il existe maintenant, disait-il, une plus grande différentiation entre les diverses populations de clients et les contextes ». C’est en suivant cette veine, après plusieurs années d’expérience et de recherche, que je vous donnerai quelques exemples de notre manière de travailler avec des personnes souffrant d’un fonctionnement psychotique. Je commencerai par une introduction à la pré-thérapie telle qu’elle a été conçue par Prouty, notre principale source d’inspiration. Fondamentalement, Prouty définit le contact comme l’antidote de l’aliénation psychotique et il décrit une manière de restaurer un fonctionnement de contact perturbé. J’expliquerai comment, dans notre unité de soins, cette approche s’est transformée en milieu de contact pluridisciplinaire pour des personnes qui se rétablissent d’un effondrement psychotique et sont en processus de consolidation de leur fonctionnement de contact. À l’origine, la pré-thérapie avait pour objet la perte de contact sévère et concernait différentes sortes de populations dans différents contextes (Prouty, 1976, 1994 ; Prouty, Van Werde et Pörtner, 2002 ; Krietemeyer et Prouty, 2003 ; Coffeng, 2001 ; Peters, 1999 ; Pörtner, 2000 ; Sommerbeck, 2003 ; Van Werde, 2002a, 2002b, 2004 ; Van Werde et Morton, 1999).
Paolo ou la redécouverte du contact et de la parole
Authors: Poli Elenia , Ducroux-Biass Françoise 
Published: August 2011

Résumé Dans cet article, Elenia Poli retrace son travail avec Paolo, patient psychiatrique chronique, résidant d’un centre psychiatrique depuis plus de 50 ans. Lors de la réunion du Network International de Pré-thérapie à Gand en octobre 2005, Garry Prouty estima que de nombreux éléments de ce travail avec Paolo mettaient en exergue les caractéristiques du travail en pré-thérapie et notamment : une longue histoire psychiatrique ; des pertes de fonctionnement psychosociales considérables ; un comportement autistique (des indications pour commencer une pré-thérapie) ; l’experiencing du thérapeute (est-ce que je fais bien ?, persévérance) ; le contact avec le milieu, avec les autres, avec les sentiments personnels ; le changement ; la qualité de vie et les interactions simples.
La directivité fait la différence. Éthique et conséquences du guidage en psychothérapie
Authors: Witty Marjorie , Ducroux-Biass Françoise 
Published: August 2011

Résumé La non-directivité 2 est une attitude du thérapeute centré sur le client. C’est la matrice d’évaluation au sein de laquelle a lieu la coalescence des conditions nodales : acceptation, compréhension empathique et congruence. Comment le fait de se départir de cette attitude crée une différence dans la manière dont le client fait l’expérience de la psychothérapie, tel est le thème de cet article. Un extrait de thérapie centrée sur le focusing 3 suggère les effets de la directivité qui réinscrit l’autorité du thérapeute et mine le « pouvoir de refus du client ». Selon la thérapie non-directive centrée sur le client, il est établi que le client est le propre architecte du processus de sa thérapie, ce qui n’est pas le cas des thérapies directives et expérientielles.