bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A generalist regulator: MYB transcription factors regulate the biosynthesis of active compounds in medicinal plants
Authors: Tong Yuqing , Xue Jianping , Li Qizhang , Zhang Lei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Medicinal plants are rich in a variety of secondary metabolites with therapeutic value. However, the yields of these metabolites are generally very low, making their extraction both time-consuming and labour-intensive. Transcription factor-targeted secondary metabolic engineering can efficiently regulate the biosynthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants. v-Myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (MYB) transcription factors are involved in regulating various morphological and developmental processes, responses to stress, and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in plants. This review discusses the biological functions and transcription regulation mechanisms of MYB transcription factors and summarizes research progress concerning MYB transcription factors involved in the biosynthesis of representative active components. In the transcriptional regulatory network, MYB transcription factors regulate multiple synthase genes to mediate the biosynthesis of active compounds. This work will serve as a reference for an in-depth analysis of the MYB transcription factor family in medicinal plants.
ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 3 promotes auxin signalling by regulating SHY2 expression to control primary root growth in response to dehydration stress
Authors: Mandal Drishti , Datta Saptarshi , Mitra Sicon , Nag Chaudhuri Ronita 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Plants combat dehydration stress through different strategies including root architectural changes. Here we show that when exposed to varying levels of dehydration stress, primary root growth in Arabidopsis is modulated by regulating root meristem activity. Abscisic acid (ABA) in concert with auxin signalling adjust primary root growth according to stress levels. ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 3 (ABI3), an ABA-responsive transcription factor, stands at the intersection of ABA and auxin signalling and fine-tunes primary root growth in response to dehydration stress. Under low ABA or dehydration stress, induction of ABI3 expression promotes auxin signalling by decreasing expression of SHY2, a negative regulator of auxin response. This further enhances the expression of auxin transporter gene PIN1 and cell cycle gene CYCB1;1, resulting in an increase in primary root meristem size and root length. Higher levels of dehydration stress or ABA repress ABI3 expression and promote ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 5 (ABI5) expression. This elevates SHY2 expression, thereby impairing primary root meristem activity and retarding root growth. Notably, ABI5 can promote SHY2 expression only in the absence of ABI3. Such ABA concentration-dependent expression of ABI3 therefore functions as a regulatory sensor of dehydration stress levels and orchestrates primary root growth by coordinating its downstream regulation.
Numerical expressive power of logical languages with cardinality comparison
Authors: Fu Xiaoxuan , Zhao Zhiguang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the numerical expressive power of various logical languages, encompassing fragments of Presburger Arithmetic (PbA), monadic second-order logic with counting with respect to finite domains (MSO$^{\phi }(\#)$) and shallow second-order graded modal logic with counting with respect to image-finite frames (SOGML$^{\textsf{s},\phi }$(#)). We show that in their respective existential fragments, the $1$-free fragment of PbA, the =-free fragment of MSO$^{\phi }(\#)$ and the graded modality-free fragment of SOGML$^{\textsf{s},\phi }$(#) possess equivalent numerical expressive power, specifically defining strongly semilinear sets. When adding universal quantifiers or adding $1$, = and graded modality to these three languages, the resulting definable sets become semilinear sets.
On non-detection of gamma-ray bursts in three compact binary merger events detected by LIGO
Authors: Mazwi Luyanda , Razzaque Soebur , Nyadzani Lutendo 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
The joint detection of the gravitational wave (GW) event GW170817 and the short-duration gamma-ray burst (SGRB) event GRB 170817A, marked the beginning of GW multimessenger astronomy and confirmed that binary neutron star mergers are progenitors of at least some SGRBs. An estimated joint detection rate of 0.3–1.7 per year between the LIGO-Hanford, LIGO-Livingston, and Virgo GW network at design sensitivity, and the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor was predicted. However, to date, the GW170817/GRB 170817A joint detection has been the only event of its kind so far. Taking into account that SGRBs are narrowly beamed and are emitted perpendicular to the orbital plane of the binary system, we propose that previous mergers involving neutron stars, were orientated such that observation of the emitted SGRB along this narrow jet was not possible. To support this hypothesis we have estimated the inclination of the binary systems for previously detected Binary Neutron Star (BNS) and Black Hole Neutron Star (BHNS) mergers through GW analysis. This analysis was performed using bilby, a python based Bayesian inference library, to estimate the inclination of the BNS events GW170817 and GW190425, and the BHNS events GW190917_114630 and GW200115_042309. The results obtained in this study indicate that these binaries may have had inclinations greater than 33° with respect to the line of sight from Earth, an upper limit on the viewing angle set from observations of GRB 170817A. This then suggests that the observation of the emitted SGRB from these past mergers might not have been possible.
A multi-trait GWAS identifies novel genes influencing albuminuria
Authors: Tsao Hsiao-Mei , Lai Tai-Shuan , Chang Yi-Cheng , Hsiung Chia-Ni , Tsai I-Jung , Chou Yu-Hsiang , Wu Vin-Cent , Lin Shuei-Liong , Chen Yung-Ming 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Albuminuria is common and is associated with increased risks of end-stage kidney disease and cardiovascular diseases, yet its underlying mechanism remains obscure. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for albuminuria did not consider gene pleiotropy and primarily focused on European ancestry populations. This study adopted a multi-trait analysis of GWAS (MTAG) approach to jointly analyze two vital kidney traits, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) to identify and prioritize the genes associated with UACR.

Methods
Data from the Taiwan Biobank from 2012 to 2023 were analyzed. GWAS of UACR and eGFR were performed separately and the summary statistics from these GWAS were jointly analyzed using MTAG. The polygenic risk scores (PRS) of UACR were constructed for validation. The UACR-associated loci were further fine-mapped and prioritized based on their deleteriousness, eQTL associations and relatedness to Mendelian kidney diseases.

Results
MTAG analysis of the UACR revealed 15 genetic loci, including 12 novel loci. The PRS for UACR was significantly associated with urinary albumin level (P &lt; .001) and microalbuminuria (P = .001–.045). A list of priority genes was generated. Twelve genes with high priority included the albumin endocytic receptor gene LRP2 and ciliary gene IFT172.

Conclusions
The findings of this multi-trait GWAS suggest that primary cilia play a role in sensing mechanical stimuli, leading to albumin endocytosis. The priority list of genes warrants further translational investigation to reduce albuminuria.
Pleasure and Satisfaction as Predictors of Future Cigarette and E-cigarette Use: A Novel Two-Stage Modeling Approach
Authors: Hedeker Donald , Brooks Julia , Diviak Kathleen , Jao Nancy , Mermelstein Robin J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Subjective experience of e-cigarettes may be an important factor in helping people who use combustible cigarettes switch completely to e-cigarettes to reduce harm from smoking. This paper describes a novel two-stage analysis using pleasure and satisfaction responses from ecological momentary assessments (EMA) of both cigarette and e-cigarette use to predict future cigarette and e-cigarette tobacco use.

Aims and Methods
This observational study included adult users of cigarettes and e-cigarettes who provided 7 days of EMA, capturing cigarette and e-cigarette use, followed by biweekly reports of cigarette and e-cigarette use over 1 year. Participants were 279 adults who provided both cigarette and e-cigarette responses during the EMA. We employed a two-stage analytic approach in which EMA data were used to predict subsequent levels of cigarette and e-cigarette use. In the first stage, EMA responses to cigarette and e-cigarette events were modeled via a mixed-effects location scale model to yield summaries of participants’ means and variability on event-related ratings of pleasure and satisfaction. These EMA summaries served as predictors in the second stage analysis of the biweekly post-EMA longitudinal cigarette and e-cigarette use data.

Results
EMA pleasure and satisfaction ratings were similar for both products and predicted both longitudinal cigarette and e-cigarette use, even after controlling for baseline cigarette and e-cigarette dependence. Relatively higher levels of satisfaction with e-cigarettes were associated with greater decreases in cigarette use over time.

Conclusions
Pleasure and satisfaction are important predictors of subsequent cigarette and e-cigarette use.

Implications
Experienced subjective pleasure and satisfaction from e-cigarettes relative to cigarettes may be an important factor in helping individuals who smoke to switch completely to e-cigarettes as a harm reduction approach. In order to help sustain complete product switching and reduce dual use or relapse to smoking, e-cigarettes may need to deliver more satisfaction to the user compared to that experienced from cigarettes.
Promoting healthy school food environments and nutrition in Canada: a systematic review of interventions, policies, and programs
Authors: Carducci Bianca , Dominguez Georgia , Kidd Emily , Oh Christina , Jain Reena , Khan Amira , Bhutta Zulfiqar A 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Context
The school food environment is a critical interface for child and adolescent nutrition, and there is a need to understand existing literature on Canadian school food environments to identify equity gaps and opportunities, and empower decision-makers to plan for future action.

Objective
Literature on Canadian school food and nutrition interventions, policies, programs, and their effects on diets and nutritional status are synthesized and appraised in this systematic review.

Data Sources
A search strategy was developed for each database used (Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, ERIC, Cochrane Collaboration, Canadian Electronic Library, BiblioMap), with a combination of free text and controlled vocabulary, for articles published from 1990 to 2021. Unpublished data and grey literature were also searched.

Data Extraction
Quantitative and qualitative studies with an observational or intervention study design, reviews, or program evaluations conducted in Canadian schools with participants aged 5–19.9 years were included. Key study characteristics and risk of bias were extracted independently by 2 investigators using a standardized tool.

Data Analysis
A total of 298 articles were included (n = 192 peer reviewed and 106 from the grey literature), which were mostly conducted in Ontario (n = 52), British Columbia (n = 43), and Nova Scotia (n = 28). Twenty-four interventions, 5 nonevaluated programs, and 1 policy involved Indigenous populations. Overall, 86 articles measured and reported on effectiveness outcomes, including dietary intake; anthropometry; knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and physical activity. The literature remains largely heterogenous and primarily focused on nutrition education programs that use subjective assessments to infer changes in nutrition. A key facilitator to implementation and sustainability was community engagement, whereas key barriers were staff capacity, access to resources and funding, and consistent leadership.

Conclusions
This review provides insight into Canadian school food and nutrition interventions, programs, and policies and uncovers important evidence gaps that require careful examination for future evaluations. Governments must create supportive environments that optimize nutrition for children and adolescents through equitable policies and programs.

Systematic Review Registration
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022303255.
Concluding Observations
Authors: Ryngaert Cedric 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This concluding chapter reiterates the main lines of argument of the monograph. The author emphasizes how states have become cosmopolitan actors in their own right. Doctrinally speaking, they have notably justified their interventions through reliance on expansive interpretations of the time-worn principle of territoriality. This capaciousness of territoriality triggers a quest for alternative grounds to justify particular jurisdictional assertions. The author concludes that restrained and contingent unilateralism has its rightful place in the architecture of global governance. Such unilateralism should not be considered as holding the multilateral process hostage but rather as a welcome tool to overcome the tyranny of consent and address its anti-commons streak.
Vagueness and relative truth
Authors: Iacona Andrea 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAccording to a view called ‘nihilism’, sentences containing vague expressions cannot strictly speaking be true or false, because they lack definite truth conditions. While most theorists of vagueness tend to regard nihilism as a hopeless view, a few isolated attempts have been made to defend it. This paper aims to develop such attempts in a new direction by showing how nihilism, once properly spelled out, can meet three crucial explanatory challenges that, respectively, concern truth, assertibility, and communication.
Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Antiracism Research in Physical Therapy Over the Last 25 Years: A Scoping Review
Authors: Rowley K Michael , Ky An , Matthews Ndidiamaka D 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective
Discussions of the root causes of health disparities and educational inequities often neglect to identify racism as a primary factor. Researchers must take a systems perspective to identify the effects of racism and other forms of systemic oppression on health. It is unclear to what extent this perspective exists in the physical therapy research literature. We conducted a scoping review to quantify and describe the volume of research in physical therapy pertaining to diversity, equity, and inclusion specifically examining race and/or ethnicity and references racism or antiracism.

Methods
A systematic search of PubMed and Scopus databases for articles published between 1997 and 2021 was conducted. Articles were screened to ensure they were focused exclusively or primarily on physical therapy and used diversity, equity, and inclusion terms in the context of personal identity factors. This resulted in 158 relevant articles. Each was tagged with an article type and personal identity factor focus.

Results
A majority of the included articles were descriptive/observational in nature. The included articles explored various personal identity factors, with race and ethnicity being the most common focus followed by culture, disability, and socioeconomic status. A small proportion of articles explicitly discussed racism or antiracism.

Conclusion
These findings highlight the need in physical therapy research for greater attention to racism as a fundamental cause of health disparities and educational inequities. Addressing this gap is crucial for promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion within the field and ultimately achieving optimal health outcomes for marginalized populations.

Impact
Including consideration of racism and other forms of systemic oppression in the motivation, design, and interpretation of research in physical therapy will help to make more visible the root causes of inequity and improve our ability to develop effective, multi-level interventions.
A molecular survey of zoonotic pathogens of public health importance in rodents/shrews and their ectoparasites trapped in Puducherry, India
Authors: Eikenbary Brenna , Devaraju Panneer , Chakkravarthi Aravindasamy , Sihag Krishan Kumar , Nathan Terence , Thangaraj Gowdham , Srinivasan Lakshmy , Kumar Ashwani 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Globally, India has a high zoonotic disease burden and lacks surveillance data in humans and animals. Rodents are known reservoirs for many zoonotic diseases and their synanthropic behavior poses a great public health threat.

Methods
In this study, trapped rodents/shrews from randomly selected villages within Puducherry, India, and their ectoparasites were screened for zoonotic pathogens, namely, Orientia tsutsugamushi, other pathogenic rickettsiae, Leptospira spp., Cryptosporidium spp., Coxiella burnetii and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) using conventional PCR. A total of 58 rodents/shrews were trapped from 11 villages. The species trapped were Suncus murinus (49/58, 84.48%), Rattus rattus (8/58, 13.79%) and Rattus norvegicus (1/58, 1.72%). All ectoparasites collected were identified as mites and its infestation rate was 46.55% (27/58).

Results
Real-time PCR targeting the 47 kDa gene of O. tsutsugamushi revealed positivity in one rodent and one shrew (3.45%) and two mite pools (7.41%). Conventional PCR targeting the 56 kDa gene revealed positivity in one shrew and two mite pools and the phylogenetic analysis of all three amplicons indicated the circulation of the Gilliam-related serotype. MRSA was detected in the alimentary tract of a shrew (1/32, 3.13%). Leptospira spp., Rickettsia, Cryptosporidium spp. and Co. burnetii tested negative.

Conclusions
The detection of zoonotic pathogens within reservoir hosts and vectors poses a risk of transmission to humans. This study signifies the need for zoonotic pathogen surveillance in synanthropic rodents/shrews.
Mitochondria transplantation alleviates cardiomyocytes apoptosis through inhibiting AMPKα‐mTOR mediated excessive autophagy
Authors: Jin Ning , Zhang Mengyao , Zhou Li , Jin Shanshan , Cheng Haiqin , Li Xuewei , Shi Yaqian , Xiang Tong , Zhang Zongxiao , Liu Zhizhen , Zhao Hong , Xie Jun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe disruption of mitochondria homeostasis can impair the contractile function of cardiomyocytes, leading to cardiac dysfunction and an increased risk of heart failure. This study introduces a pioneering therapeutic strategy employing mitochondria derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hu‐MSC) (MSC‐Mito) for heart failure treatment. Initially, we isolated MSC‐Mito, confirming their functionality. Subsequently, we monitored the process of single mitochondria transplantation into recipient cells and observed a time‐dependent uptake of mitochondria in vivo. Evidence of human‐specific mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in murine cardiomyocytes was observed after MSC‐Mito transplantation. Employing a doxorubicin (DOX)‐induced heart failure model, we demonstrated that MSC‐Mito transplantation could safeguard cardiac function and avert cardiomyocyte apoptosis, indicating metabolic compatibility between hu‐MSC‐derived mitochondria and recipient mitochondria. Finally, through RNA sequencing and validation experiments, we discovered that MSC‐Mito transplantation potentially exerted cardioprotection by reinstating ATP production and curtailing AMPKα‐mTOR‐mediated excessive autophagy.
Factors Associated With Infection in Patients With Combined Pelvic Ring and Bladder Injuries
Authors: Olszewski Nathan P. , Sliepka Joseph , Bigham Joseph J. , Firoozabadi Reza , Githens Michael J. , Routt Milton “Chip” , Kleweno Conor P. 
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVES:
To identify the infection rate in patients with combined pelvic ring and bladder injuries. Secondary aims included identifying treatment and injury factors associated with infection.

METHODS:

Design:
Retrospective review.

Setting:
Single Level I Tertiary Academic Center.

Patients Selection Criteria:
All patients over a 12-year period with combined pelvic ring and bladder injuries were evaluated. Exclusion criteria were nonoperative management of the pelvic ring, isolated posterior fixation, and follow-up <90 days.

Outcome Measure and Comparisons:
Primary outcome measured was deep infection of the anterior pelvis requiring surgical irrigation and debridement.

RESULTS:
In total, 106 patients with anterior stabilization of the pelvis in the setting of a bladder injury were included. Seven patients (6.6%) developed a deep infection and required surgical debridement within 90 days. Patients undergoing open reduction and internal fixation with plating of the anterior pelvis and acute concomitant bladder repair had an infection rate of 2.2% (1/43). Patients undergoing closed reduction and anterior fixation with either external fixation or percutaneous rami screw after bladder repair had an infection rate of 17.6% (3/17). There was a higher infection rate among patients with combined intraperitoneal (IP) and extraperitoneal (EP) bladder injuries (23%) when compared with those with isolated EP (3.8%) or IP (9.1%) bladder injuries (P = 0.029).

CONCLUSIONS:
Acute open reduction and internal fixation of the anterior pelvis in patients with combined pelvic ring and bladder injuries has a low infection rate. Patients with combined IP and EP bladder injuries are at increased risk of infection compared with those with isolated IP and EP injuries.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Guided Growth With Minifragment Plates for Angular Deformities in the Distal Radius in Skeletally Immature Patients. Preliminary Results
Authors: Soler-Jimenez Antonio , Gonzalez-Herranz Pedro , Pensado-Señoris Natalia 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Growth modulation allows correction of progressive ulnar deviation of the distal radius in skeletally immature patients, which may occur as a consequence of various pathologies. The aim of this study is to evaluate the radiographic results and complication rate in a series of patients treated with minifragment plates.

Methods:
The medical records of 12 patients who underwent guided growth with a minifragment plate on the radial aspect of the distal radius as a consequence of angular deformities in the distal radius were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic data, radiographic changes, and complication rate were analyzed.

Results:
A total of 14 wrists and forearms were evaluated. The mean age at which surgery was performed was 10.5 years (interquartile range: 9.0 to 11.3). The average time between placement and removal of the material was 28.7 months (SD: 8,89). In each case, a general improvement of the radiographic parameters was obtained. There were 3 postoperative complications, but only 1 of them required reintervention (broken metaphyseal screw).

Conclusions:
Hemiepiphysiodesis using a minifragment plate is a treatment that respects the surgical anatomy and offers an alternative surgical option for angular deformities of the distal radius in children.

Level of evidence:
Level IV