bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The corona of a fully convective star with a near-polar flare
Authors: Ilin E. , Poppenhäger K. , Stelzer B. , Dsouza D. 
Published: May 2024

Context.In 2020, the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) observed a rapidly rotating M7 dwarf, TIC 277539431, producing a flare at 81° latitude, the highest latitude flare located to date. This is in stark contrast to solar flares that occur much closer to the equator, typically below 30°. The mechanisms that allow flares at high latitudes to occur are poorly understood.Aims.We studied five sectors of TESS monitoring, and obtained 36 ks ofXMM-Newtonobservations to investigate the coronal and flaring activity of TIC 277539431.Methods.From the observations, we infer the optical flare frequency distribution; flare loop sizes and magnetic field strengths; the soft X-ray flux, luminosity, and coronal temperatures; as well as the energy, loop size, and field strength of a large flare in theXMM-Newtonobservations.Results.We find that the corona of TIC 277539431 does not differ significantly from other low-mass stars on the canonical saturated activity branch with respect to coronal temperatures and flaring activity, but shows lower luminosity in soft X-ray emission by about an order of magnitude, consistent with other late M dwarfs.Conclusions.The lack of X-ray flux, the high-latitude flare, the star’s viewing geometry, and the otherwise typical stellar corona taken together can be explained by the migration of flux emergence to the poles in rapid rotators like TIC 277539431 that drain the star’s equatorial regions of magnetic flux, but preserve its ability to produce powerful flares.
Was wissen Sie über … Gifte und Betäubungsmittel?
Authors: Schmid Eva C. 
Published: May 2024

SummaryLiebe Leser, testen Sie Ihr Wissen und frischen Sie Ihre Kenntnisse auf. Bitte kreuzen Sie jeweils eine Antwort an. Viel Spaß beim Beantworten wünscht Ihnen HP Eva C. Schmid!
Prostatachirurgie beim benignen Prostatasyndrom >200 ml: Endoskopisch, robotisch oder doch offen?
Authors: Hartung Friedrich Otto , Gruene Britta , Becker Benedikt , Rassweiler-Seyfried Marie-Claire , Miernik Arkadiusz , Lusuardi Lukas , Herrmann Thomas RW , Lehrich Karin , Netsch Christopher , Herrmann Jonas 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungDie operativen Therapieansätze der benignen Prostatahyperplasie (BPH) wurden in den letzten Jahrzenten weiterentwickelt und diversifiziert. Während die Wirksamkeit der operativen Verfahren bei moderaten Prostatagrößen in zahlreichen Studien dokumentiert wird, bleibt die Datenlage bei großen Prostatavolumina >200 ml unzureichend. Hierdurch bleiben wichtige Fragen hinsichtlich ihrer Effektivität und Sicherheit offen. Aufgrund dessen ist die Auswahl und Anpassung der geeigneten Therapieoptionen für diese spezielle Patientengruppe oft eine große Herausforderung. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden nach einer umfassenden Literaturrecherche die aktuellen Erkenntnisse zu den operativen Therapiemöglichkeiten bei großen Prostatavolumina >200 ml zusammengefasst und diskutiert.Die operative Behandlung von Prostatavolumina >200 ml ist unabhängig von der gewählten Operationsmethode eine Herausforderung. Minimalinvasive Ansätze sollten heutzutage Standard sein. Die anatomische endoskopische Enukleation ist das Verfahren mit der geringsten Morbidität und ist prinzipiell größenunabhängig durchführbar. Da das Verfahren auch in Spinalanästhesie durchführbar ist, ist es auch für Patienten mit erhöhtem Narkoserisiko geeignet. Bei extremen Prostatavolumina stellt dieses Verfahren aber auch erfahrene Operateure vor Herausforderungen. Besonders in Kombination mit einer Adipositas sollte der Operateur verschiedene Exit-Strategien kennen. Die roboterassistierte Adenomenukleation bietet eine minimalinvasive Alternative, mit welcher begleitende Pathologien (Divertikel oder große Blasensteine) mitbehandelt werden können. Allerdings sind die Invasivität und das Narkoserisiko durch den abdominellen Zugang vergleichsweise höher. Jede Klinik und jeder Operateur sollte individuell entscheiden, in welcher Methode die größte Expertise vorliegt und welche Option für den jeweiligen Fall am besten geeignet ist. Sollte die Expertise begrenzt sein, ist es ratsam, den Patienten einem Zentrum mit entsprechender Spezialisierung zuzuweisen.
Frühjahrsputz für Körper und Seele
Authors: Karadar Doris 
Published: May 2024

SummaryÄtherische Öle verzaubern uns nicht nur mit ihrem Duft, sie lassen sich zudem gezielt anwenden, um Ausleitungsprozesse anzuregen. Bewährt hat sich dabei die Kombination mit einem feuchtwarmen Leberwickel. Aber auch Massagen, Bäder und Ölziehen mit ätherischen Ölen können die Entgiftung des Körpers anregen.
Evolution of the Surgical Net
Authors: O'Daniel Thomas G. , Kachare Milind D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe surgical net technique, originally conceptualized to mitigate postoperative hematomas, has evolved into a versatile tool, transcending its initial purpose, and signaling a new era of surgical innovation. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the surgical net's journey from a targeted solution to a multifaceted surgical asset and explores its burgeoning applications, challenges, and future trajectories. Despite early reluctance due to anatomical concerns and unfamiliarity with the novel technique, the surgical net's consistent success in various surgical contexts from facial surgeries to gynecological applications has catalyzed its widespread global adoption. The technique's integration of the progressive tension method and enhanced skin redraping capabilities underscores its contribution to optimal aesthetic outcomes and improved surgical control. Noteworthy is its role in the innovative concept of gliding surgery, marked by procedures like the gliding brow lift and Glidelift, demonstrating the surgical net's adaptability and effectiveness in diverse surgical environments.Contributions from international surgeons have expanded its applications to areas like axillary space obliteration after breast implant, postmastectomy closure, and the management of postpartum hemorrhage, showcasing the surgical net's global impact and universal commitment to optimizing surgical outcomes. The article delves into the anatomical considerations essential for adapting the surgical net technique to various surgical contexts, emphasizing the need for continuous research, clinical trials, and multidisciplinary collaboration to navigate emerging challenges and ensure its sustained efficacy and safety.In conclusion, the article highlights the surgical net technique's unwavering potential for further advancements, greater procedural efficiency, and the continued elevation of patient care standards. The consistent evolution of its applications, paired with a dedicated approach to addressing emergent challenges, reinforces the surgical net's enduring contribution to surgical innovation and global patient welfare.
Nickel-Catalyzed Regio- and Enantioselective Hydrofluorination in Unactivated Alkenes
Authors: Hong Sungwoo , Kim Minseok , Han Seunghoon 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile enantioselective hydrofluorination methods for activated alkenes represent a notable advance, the resultant enantiomeric excesses remain largely moderate, indicating the necessity for enhancements in precision, efficiency, and scope. We have recently developed an innovative nickel hydride catalytic system that enables regio- and enantioselective C–F bond formation with unactivated alkenes. By utilizing specially designed Bn-BOx ligands for improved selectivity, our approach demonstrates exceptional efficiency and selectivity with β,γ-alkenyl amide substrates. This breakthrough enhances the synthesis of organofluorine compounds, marking a significant advancement in organic synthesis.1	Introduction2	Reaction Design of Hydrofluorination3	Regio- and Enantioselective Hydrofluorination4	Asymmetric Amplification5	Conclusions
Urine as a Biobased Fertilizer: The Netherlands as Case Study
Authors: Beijer S. , Das S. , Helmus R. , Scheer P. , Jansen B. , Slootweg J. C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHumankind has grown increasingly dependent on mineral fertilizer to feed a growing world population. However, nutrients are rarely recovered and recycled after consumption, leading to environmental waste issues now and potential supply issues in the future. Urine is rich in these nutrients and is therefore a prime candidate as a precursor for biobased fertilizers. This work presents a case study to remove potentially present contaminants from human urine using activated carbon adsorbents to adhere to Dutch fertilizer legislation. In the urine, three pharmaceuticals were identified by target analysis and 11 other contaminants by suspect screening using liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF/MS). These were successfully removed by treatments with both granulated and powdered activated carbon, albeit with a loss of 16–17% and 2–4% of dissolved nutrients, respectively. Further screening of inorganic contaminants and persistent organic pollutants by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and gas chromatography quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (GC-Q-Orbitrap/MS) showed that all prerequisites for fertilizer status are met, paving the way for its future legal use as a biobased fertilizer in the Netherlands.
The Severity of Periodontitis in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Community-Based Study
Authors: Utami Sri , Kusnanto Hari , Pramono Dibyo , Oktavia Nova , Puspita Sartika 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective Indonesia is one of the top five countries with the highest prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM). There were 18 million DM patients in 2020, and this number has doubled in has doubled in 2022. The main complication of DM in the oral cavity is periodontitis. Periodontitis and DM have a bidirectional relationship. Controlling the severity of both diseases can improve the quality of life of DM patients. The aim of this study is to determine the severity of periodontitis in older people with type 2 DM.
Material and Methods This research is observational with a cross-sectional design. The research subjects were 263 patients aged ≥ 60 years, taken using a purposive sampling technique. The diagnosis and severity of periodontitis were based on the European Federation of Periodontology (EFP) and the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), using the clinical attachment loss (CAL) and probing depth (PD) clinical parameters. The diagnosis of DM was established by measuring HbA1c. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the distribution of severity of periodontitis.
Results In total, 42 people (16%) in this study did not experience periodontitis, and 221 people (84%) experienced periodontitis with 4.5% of the study population suffering from mild periodontitis, 21.3% moderate periodontitis, and 74.2% severe periodontitis. The results of this study indicated that severe periodontitis was the most common category in patients with type 2 DM. Severe periodontitis is the most common type of periodontitis at all levels of age, occupation, and education. It was found most commonly among those aged 60 to 65 years, housewives, and those with elementary education level with moderate or poor oral hygiene.
Conclusion Almost all respondents who suffered from type 2 DM experienced periodontitis, severe periodontitis being most common category at all age levels, occupations, education, and oral hygiene status. The severity of periodontitis in this study tended to be due to high HbA1c levels.
Fragmentation in One Health policy and practice responses to antimicrobial resistance and the salutary value of collaborative humility
Authors: Davis Mark David McGregor , Schermuly Allegra Clare , Rajkhowa Arjun , Flowers Paul , Hardefeldt Laura , Thursky Karin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates One Health (OH) applied to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to deepen and nuance its conceptual underpinnings and inform effective implementation. We consider how models of OH and AMR wedded to bioscience assumptions of life obscure biosocial complexity and reinforce the misleading assumption that scientific knowledge of AMR is generated outside social systems. With reference to in-depth interviews with medical practitioners, scientists and policy-makers working on AMR in Australia and the UK, we explore accounts of OH action on AMR. We show that the implementation of OH is subject to some fragmentation due to workforce organisation, funding arrangements and the absence of detailed guidance for translating OH into practice. Despite OH aspirations for transdisciplinary cooperation and innovation, human-centrism and somewhat incommensurable professional and scientific views on OH constrain trust in the policy approach and limit effective action. We discuss how, in some settings, OH action on AMR does resemble policy aspirations when emphasis is placed on collaborative humility, a finding that underlines OH’s biosocial character. We argue for the development of more robust biosocial models of OH to guide its application to AMR in real world settings.
Dynamic characteristics of a coaxial magnetic switch modulating pulse forming networks
Authors: Zhang Hanwen , Chen Rong , Sun Yijie , Pan Zilong , Zhang Renjie , Cheng Xinbing , Gao Jingming 
Published: May 2024

Pulsed power generators utilizing magnetic switch technology within the 100 ns scale have become widespread for surface treatment, high power microwave generation, and food processing, in which the dynamic characteristics of the magnetic switch perform an important function. The saturation process, electric field between layers, and energy loss are closely associated with the applied time scale of the magnetic core, which affects the dynamic characteristics of the switch. However, compared with the study within the microsecond scale, the dynamic characteristics of magnetic switches within the 100 ns scale have not been studied in depth. In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of a coaxial magnetic switch modulating pulse forming networks (PFNs) are studied via both field-loop co-simulation and scaled experimental test. It is found that increasing PFN section number (Ns) leads to an acceleration in the saturation process of the core, which helps understand the switch performance of the magnetic core more clearly. With respect to a specific magnetic switch based on a ferromagnetic core, it is quantitatively analyzed that increasing Ns from 1 to 10 leads to a 16.1% reduction in core saturation time (tsat), a 13.4% increase in eddy loss (EET), and a 5.7% rise in maximum interlamination field strength (Emax) under the 100 ns scale; however, tsat is reduced by 19.3%, EET increases by 5.2%, and Emax rises by 2.3% under the microsecond scale. The results could provide a design reference for magnetic switches in pulsed power generators.
The ethnographic museum as a sensitive translation
Authors: Spiessens Anneleen , van Doorslaer Luc 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article analyzes the recently renewed, permanent exhibition of the Royal Museum for Central Africa
(AfricaMuseum) in Tervuren, Belgium. The museum is seen as a translational space, considering the parallels between, on the one
hand, curatorial strategies to represent cultural otherness and, on the other, processes of cultural and interlingual translation
(Sturge 2007). We draw on an interdisciplinary mindset of translation as change and
choice, as a multimodal and multimedial activity, and as an inevitably meaning-transforming process. Pressured to keep pace with
the rapidly evolving public debate on decolonization, the curators-translators of the AfricaMuseum are aware that they are dealing
with “sensitive texts” (Simms 1997) and have, accordingly, adopted a set of strategies
to reduce perceived “translation risks” (Pym and Matsushita 2018). The article explores
these strategies at three levels of translation operating in the museum: cultural, intersemiotic, and interlingual. In particular,
we reveal the inherent tensions in the current display by discussing scenographic interventions that undermine the decolonization
efforts in a number of galleries. These tensions are conceptualized as incomplete or incoherent forms of translation and
illustrate the “work in progress” in the AfricaMuseum.
Gravity with torsion as deformed BF theory
*
Authors: Cattaneo Alberto S , Menger Leon , Schiavina Michele 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We study a family of (possibly non topological) deformations of BF theory for the Lie algebra obtained by quadratic extension of

so

(
3
,
1
)

by an orthogonal module. The resulting theory, called quadratically extended General Relativity (qeGR), is shown to be classically equivalent to certain models of gravity with dynamical torsion. The classical equivalence is shown to promote to a stronger notion of equivalence within the Batalin–Vilkovisky formalism. In particular, both Palatini–Cartan gravity and a deformation thereof by a dynamical torsion term, called (quadratic) generalised Holst theory, are recovered from the standard Batalin–Vilkovisky formulation of qeGR by elimination of generalised auxiliary fields.
Optimal shielding for Einstein gravity
Authors: Le Floch Bruno , LeFloch Philippe G 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
To construct asymptotically-Euclidean Einstein’s initial data sets, we introduce the localized seed-to-solution method, which projects from approximate to exact solutions of the Einstein constraints. The method enables us to glue together initial data sets in multiple asymptotically-conical regions, and in particular construct data sets that exhibit the gravity shielding phenomenon, specifically that are localized in a cone and exactly Euclidean outside of it. We achieve optimal shielding in the sense that the metric and extrinsic curvature are controlled at a super-harmonic rate, regardless of how slowly they decay (even beyond the standard Arnowitt–Deser–Misner (ADM) formalism), and the gluing domain can be a collection of arbitrarily narrow nested cones. We also uncover several notions of independent interest: silhouette functions, localized ADM modulator, and relative energy-momentum vector. An axisymmetric example is provided numerically.
Automated evaluation of environmental coupling for Advanced LIGO gravitational wave detections
Authors: Helmling-Cornell A F , Nguyen P , Schofield R M S , Frey R 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The extreme sensitivity required for direct observation of gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO detectors means that environmental noise is increasingly likely to contaminate Advanced LIGO gravitational wave signals if left unaddressed. Consequently, environmental monitoring efforts have been undertaken and novel noise mitigation techniques have been developed which have reduced environmental coupling and made it possible to analyze environmental artifacts with potential to affect the 90 gravitational wave events detected from 2015–2020 by the Advanced LIGO detectors. So far, there is no evidence for environmental contamination in gravitational wave detections. However, automated, rapid ways to monitor and assess the degree of environmental coupling between gravitational wave detectors and their surroundings are needed as the rate of detections continues to increase. We introduce a computational tool, PEMcheck, for quantifying the degree of environmental coupling present in gravitational wave signals using data from the extant collection of environmental monitoring sensors at each detector. We study its performance when applied to 79 gravitational waves detected in LIGO’s third observing run and test its performance in the case of extreme environmental contamination of gravitational wave data. We find that PEMcheck’s automated analysis identifies only a small number of gravitational waves that merit further study by environmental noise experts due to possible contamination, a substantial improvement over the manual vetting that occurred for every gravitational wave candidate in the first two observing runs. Building on a first attempt at automating environmental coupling assessments used in the third observing run, this tool represents an improvement in accuracy and interpretability of coupling assessments, reducing the time needed to validate gravitational wave candidates. With the validation provided herein; PEMcheck will play a critical role in event validation during LIGO’s fourth observing run as an integral part of the data quality report produced for each gravitational wave candidate.
Negative magnetization and magnetic ordering of rare earth and transition metal sublattices in NdFe0.5Cr0.5O3
Authors: Kanthal S , Banerjee A , Chatterjee S , Yanda P , Sundaresan A , Khalyavin D D , Orlandi F , Saha-Dasgupta T , Bandyopadhyay S 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We investigate the effect of alloying at the 3d transition metal site of a rare-earth-transition metal oxide, by considering NdFe0.5Cr0.5O3 mixed perovskite with two equal and random distribution of 3d ions, Cr and Fe, interacting with an early 4f rare earth ion, Nd. Employing temperature- and field- dependent magnetization measurements, temperature-dependent x-ray diffraction, neutron powder diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy, we characterize its structural and magnetic properties. Our study reveals bipolar magnetic switching (arising from negative magnetization) and magnetocaloric effect which underline the potential of the studied mixed perovskite in device application. The neutron diffraction study shows the absence of spin reorientation transition over the entire temperature range of 1.5–320 K, although both parent compounds exhibit spin orientation transition. We discuss the microscopic origin of this curious behavior. The neutron diffraction results also reveal the ordering of Nd spins at an unusually high temperature of about 40 K, which is corroborated by Raman measurements.
Effective model and electron correlations in trilayer nickelate superconductor La4Ni3O10
Authors: Tian Peng-Fei , Ma Hao-Tian , Ming Xing , Zheng Xiao-Jun , Li Huan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Recently, signatures of superconductivity with critical temperature from 20 to 30 K have been reported in pressured trilayer nickelate La4Ni3O10 through a pressure-induced structure transition. Here we explore the evolution of electronic structures and electronic correlations in different phases of La4Ni3O10 under corresponding pressure regions, by using density functional theory (DFT) combined with dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT). Similar to bilayer superconductor La3Ni2O7, the electronic bands in superconducting La4Ni3O10 are dominated by Ni-3

d

x
2

−

y
2

and 3

d

z
2

orbits near the Fermi level, in contrast, the inner Ni–O plane in La4Ni3O10 generates a doublet hole-pocket Fermi surfaces around the Brillouin-zone corner, meanwhile one branch of the Ni-

3

d

z
2

bands is pushed very close above the Fermi level, which can induce an electron pocket through small electron doping. The DFT+DMFT simulations suggest that the electronic correlations only give minor modification to the Fermi surfaces, meanwhile the Ni-

3

d

z
2

and 3

d

x
2

−

y
2

states on outer Ni–O layers have considerable greater mass enhancements than on the inner layer. The sensitiveness of electronic structure under doping and unique layer dependence of correlation suggest a distinct superconducting mechanism with respect to bilayer La3Ni2O7. Based on the DFT and DFT+DMFT simulations, we eventually derive a trilayer effective tight-binding model, which can produce rather precise electronic bands and Fermi surfaces, hence can serve as an appropriate model to further study the superconducting mechanism and paring symmetry in trilayer La4Ni3O10.