bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test Performance and pfhrp2 Deletion in Tanzania School Surveys, 2017
Authors: Ngasala Billy , Chacky Frank , Mohamed Ally , Molteni Fabrizio , Nyinondi Ssanyu , Kabula Bilali , Mkali Humphrey , Thwai Kyaw , Popkin-Hall Zachary R. , Mitchell Cedar , Parr Jonathan B. , Juliano Jonathan J. , Lin Jessica T. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT.
As part of malaria nationwide monitoring and evaluation initiatives, there is an increasing trend of incorporating malaria rapid diagnostic tests (mRDTs) in surveys conducted within primary schools to detect malaria parasites. However, mRDTs based on the detection of histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2) are known to yield false-positive results due to persistent antigenemia, and false-negative results may result from low parasitemia or Plasmodium falciparum hrp2/3 gene deletion. We evaluated diagnostic performance of an HRP2 and pan-parasite lactate dehydrogenase (HRP2/pLDH) mRDT against polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of P. falciparum among 17,051 primary school–age children from eight regions of Tanzania in 2017. According to PCR, the prevalence of P. falciparum was 19.2% (95% CI: 18.6–19.8). Using PCR as reference, the sensitivity and specificity of mRDT was 76.2% (95% CI: 74.7–77.7) and 93.9% (95% CI: 93.5–94.3), respectively. Test agreement was lowest in low transmission areas, where true-positive mRDTs were outnumbered by false-negatives due to low parasitemia. Discordant samples (mRDT-negative but PCR-positive) were screened for pfhrp2/3 deletion by real-time PCR. Among those with a parasite density sufficient for analysis, pfhrp2 deletion was confirmed in 60 samples, whereas pfhrp3 deletion was confirmed in two samples; one sample had both pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 deletions. The majority of samples with gene deletions were detected in the high-transmission Kagera region. Compared with mRDTs, PCR and other molecular methods offer increased sensitivity and are not affected by pfhrp2/3 deletions, making them a useful supplement to mRDTs in schools and other epidemiological surveys.
Radiographic features and molecular subtypes association of breast cancer in women younger than 40 years old
Authors: Chayakulkheeree Jatuporn , Putto Phiraya 
Published: May 2024

Background: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among females, particularly in women under the age of 40 years. However, early detection of breast cancer in this population remains challenging and it tends to present at a later stage with poorer prognosis.Objective: To review mammographic and ultrasonographic findings, pathological features and molecular subtypes of breast cancer in younger than 40-year-old patients diagnosed in King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital and to determine which radiological characteristics are associated with molecular subtypes.
Materials and Methods: The study included 278 patients aged under 40 years who were diagnosed with breast cancer and underwent mammographic and ultrasonographic studies between January 2009 and December 2019. A retrospective review of mammographic and ultrasonographic findings, histopathological reports as well as biological markers were made. The association of radiological characteristics and molecular subtypes was analyzed by SPSS.
Results: In the 278 patients, the most common clinical presentation was palpable mass (268, 96.4%). The common mammographic findings were irregular shape mass (196, 77.8%) with hyperdensity (114, 45.2%) and an obscured margin (99, 39.3%). Presenting of microcalcification is not frequent (122, 48.4%). We found 27 patients with normal mammograms which were later detected in ultrasounds as 25 masses, 1 intraductal lesion and 1 focal duct change. The predominant ultrasonographic features were irregular shape mass (257, 91.5%), an angular margin (89, 31.7%), hypoechogenicity (198, 70.5%), no posterior feature (210, 74.7%) and internal vascularity (170, 60.5%). These radiological characteristics were classified as BI-RADS 5 in 194 lesions (69%). The most common histopathological type was mixed-type carcinoma (143, 50.9%), followed by invasive ductal carcinoma (114, 40.6%). Luminal B was the mostly found in this study (86, 30.6%). The patients frequently presented with stage IIA (91, 32.7%) while 15 patients were detected with an advanced stage at the first presentation. We found that triple negative, HER 2 overexpression and luminal B subtypes were associated with an obscured mass on mammography (p 0.048). Luminal B and HER 2 overexpression subtypes were also associated with the presence of fine pleomorphic microcalcification (p <0.001).
Conclusion: In this study, we found an association of the mass margin and suspicious calcification morphology on mammography with molecular subtypes. It would be helpful for further clinical management in young patients. The knowledge can be used for planning appropriate treatments according to molecular subtypes which are associated with these characteristics. However, the precision of cancer treatment is still based on the tissue diagnosis.
PELANGGARAN PRINSIP KERJA SAMA DALAM FILM KOREA COMMITMENT (동창생) KARYA PARK HONG SOO
Authors: Sachiya Fahdi 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRAKTeori prinsip kerja sama merupakan pedoman yang digunakan ketika melaksanakan suatu komunikasi agar tercapainya keinginan dalam menyampaikan komunikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apa sajapelanggaran kerja sama yang terjadi dan factor penyebab terjadinya pelanggaran. Teori prinsip kerja sama oleh H. Paul Grice dan hasil yang didapatkan dalam film Commitment ditemukan beberapa pelanggaran dan factor yangmenyebabkan terjadinya pelanggaran adalah factor ketidaksengajaan, dengan sengaja tidak ingin bekerja sama, keinginan menyampaikan pesan tersirat atau pun dengan sengaja melanggar dan menipu. Serta melanggar satumaksim namu mematuhi maksim lainnya. Kata kunci: pragmatic, prinsip kerja samam pelanggaran maksim ABSTRACTThe theory of the principle of cooperation is a guideline used when carrying out communication so that the desire to convey communication is achieved. This research aims to find out what cooperation violations occurred andthe factors that caused the violations. The theory of the principle of cooperation by H. Paul Grice and the results obtained in the film Commitment found several violations and the factors that caused the violations wereunintentional factors, deliberately not wanting to cooperate, wanting to convey an implied message or deliberately violating and deceiving. And breaking one maxim but obeying another maxim. Key words: pragmatics, principles of cooperation and maxim violations
MITOS SAKE DALAM 3 LIRIK LAGU ENKA HIBARI MISORA
Authors: Aulianisa, Fairuz Saskia 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRAKEnka salah satu genre musiktradisional Jepang yang masih popular hingga sekarang juga di kalangan muda Jepang. Enka saat ini dianggap sebagai music balada sentimental di Jepang, lirik dalam musikenkapun biasanya seputar cinta dan kehidupannya. Musikenka menggunakan kata kata yang sering membuat pendengar sulit memahami pesan yang disampaikannya. Kata-kata yang sering muncul biasanya mewakili tema dari enka tersebut. Dan kata sake, sakaba adalah salah satu kata yang sering muncul pada enka. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini meneliti tentang makna apa yang tersirat dalam kata sake dan mitos apa yang ingin disampaikan oleh kata sake, sakaba yang terdapat pada 3 lirik lagu karya Hibari Misora dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis dan teori Semiotika Roland Barthes. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa mitos sake adalah minuman penghalau kesedihan, dan minuman untuk mempererat hubungan. Sedangkan mitos sakaba adalah tempat yang menyedihkan, dan mizuwari adalah perhatian dan sayang seorang istri terhadap suaminya.Katakunci: Enka, Hibari Misora, Sake, Roland Barthes, Mizuwari.
MANIFESTASI ARKETIPE TOKOH LAISA DALAM NOVEL DIA ADALAH KAKAKKU KARYA TERE LIYE: ANALISIS PSIKOLOGI SASTRA
Authors: Raissa Thalitha Yumna , Susanto Arju 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTThesis entitled “Archetypes Manifestation of Laisa’s Figure in The Novel Dia Adalah Kakakku by Tere Liye: Analysis Psychology Literature” is the study of character and personality Laisa’s figure through aspects of archetypes in the novel Dia Adalah Kakakku by Tere Liye. The study aims to describe archetypes persona, shadow, animus, and self in the main character Laisa’s as well as the characteristics of figures. This research is about qualitative research that produces descriptive data that then analyzed using a model of psychology literature, Carl Gustav Jung how about four archetypes, such as: persona, shadow, animus, and self. Source data used to view novel Dia Adalah Kakakku by Tere Liye. The results of this research indicate that Laisa’s is a manifestation of the archetypes persona, shadow, animus, and self. Four elements is connected to each other. If the four elements has been achieved, then everyone can move forward towards the perfection life. It is said that because individual has achieved standard of the elements archetype in personality. Keywords: psychology literature, archetype, the character.ABSTRAK Penelitian yang berjudul Manifestasi Arketipe Tokoh Laisa Dalam Novel Dia Adalah Kakakku Karya Tere Liye: Analisis Psikologi Sastra merupakan penelitian terhadap penokohan tokoh utama dan kepribadian tokoh Laisa melalui aspek arketipe kepribadian yang ada dalam novel Dia Adalah Kakakku karya Tere Liye.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan arketipe kepribadian yang mencakup, persona, bayangan (shadow), anima, dan diri (self) dalam diri tokoh utama Laisa dalam novel Dia Adalah Kakakku karya Tere Liye serta karakteristik tokoh yang tercakup dalam novel Dia Adalah Kakakku karya Tere Liye. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan model psikologi sastra teori psikologi analitik Carl Gustav Jung untuk memahami bagaimana arketipe kepribadian yang mencakup persona, bayangan (shadow), anima, dan diri (self). Sumber data yang dipergunakan adalah novel Dia Adalah Kakakku karya Tere Liye. Data diperoleh dari teknik simak dan catat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kepribadian tokoh utama dalam novel Dia Adalah Kakakku karya Tere Liye merupakan manifestasi dari adanya arketipe persona, bayangan (shadow), animus, dan diri (self). Keempat unsur arketipe saling terkait satu sama lain. Apabila keempat unsur arketipe itu sudah tercapai, maka setiap orang dapat bergerak maju menuju kesempurnaan hidup yang dijalaninya. Dikatakan demikian karena individu telah mencapai taraf keseluruhan unsur arketipe kepribadian yang sesungguhnya. Kata kunci: psikologi sastra, arketipe, penokohan
GAMBARAN ONGAESHI MELALUI TOKOH-TOKOH DALAM EMPAT CERITA ANAK JEPANG
Authors: Abdurrahman, Wisnu Wardani Muhammad Hasan 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRAK Ongaeshi sering kali diangkat menjadi sebuah tema cerita dalam cerita anak Jepang. Ongaeshi merupakan tindakan membalas kebaikan yang telah diterima seseorang kepada orang yang memberikan budi (on). Seorang yang menerima kebaikan dari seseorang, akan merasa berhutang budi pada orang yang telah memberikan budi kepada dirinya. Empat cerita anak Jepang yang di dalamnya menggambarkan ongaeshi yaitu, Kasa Jizo, Yuuzuru, Tamago Choja dan Yuki Onna No Okurimono. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendiskripsikan gambaran ongaeshi melalui tokoh-tokoh yang terdapat pada empat cerita anak Jepang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif analisis.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, tokoh utama yangtelah melakukan kebaikan menolong seseorang,mendapatkan balasan kebaikan dari orangyang pernah ditolongnya. Disimpulkan bahwa keempat cerita anak Jepang tersebut juga mengandung ajaran moral, yaitu apabila melakukan hal yang baik, maka kebaikan jugalah yang akan diterima. Kata kunci: Cerita Anak, Ongaeshi, Penokohan,Tokoh.
ANALISIS TINDAK TUTUR MEMINTA BAHASA KOREA DALAM DRAMA MOVE TO HEAVEN KARYA YOON JI-RYON
Authors: Hilman Evert H , Putri Rafhel Chairunnisa 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengkaji tindak tutur meminta bahasa Korea dalam drama Move To Heaven. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui tuturan-tuturan meminta langsung dan tidak langsung dalam bahasa Korea. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan mengenai tindak tutur meminta bahasa Korea yang terdapat dalam dialog drama Move To Heaven. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan disajikan secara deskriptif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah dialog drama Move To Heaven, dengan menggunakan metode simak dengan teknik simak bebas dan teknik catat. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori Byeon yang mengembangkan teori strategi permintaan dari Blum-Kulka. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ditemukan 15 data tuturan meminta bahasa Korea dalam klasifikasi tuturan meminta bahasa Korea yang terdiri dari tuturan langsung dan tidak langsung dalam bentuk tuturan permintaan menggunakan akhiran, bentuk sopan, ungkapan keinginan, permission/izin dan kalimat interogatif. Dalam hasil penelitian tuturan meminta langsung menggunakan akhiran dan tuturan meminta tidak langsung menggunakan ungkapan permission/izin. Kata kunci: tindak tutur meminta, bahasa Korea, pragmatik. ABSTRACTThis research examines the speech act of asking in Korean in the drama Move To Heaven. This research was conducted to find out direct and indirect asking utterances in Korean. The aim of this research is to describe thespeech act of requesting Korean language contained in the dialogue of the drama Move To Heaven. The method used in this research is qualitative methods and is presented descriptively. The data source used is dialoguefrom the drama Move To Heaven, using the listening method with free listening and note-taking techniques. The theory used in this research is Byeon's theory which developed Blum-Kulka's demand strategy theory. Based on the research results, 15 data of Korean requesting utterances were found in the classification of Korean requesting utterances consisting of direct and indirect speech in the form of request utterances using suffixes,polite forms, expressions of desire, permission and interrogative sentences. In the research results, direct requesting utterances use suffixes and indirect requesting utterances use the expression permission. Key words: speech act of asking, Korean language, pragmatics.
Estudo descritivo epidemiológico e impacto na saúde mental e qualidade de vida em pacientes com fibromialgia de um Centro de Reumatologia
Authors: Marques Arêdes Carlos Alberto , Correa Ribeiro Claudia , Ferreira Suhet Midyan , Bolzani Ribeiro Bruna , Vasconcelos Caspar Andrade Carla , Libardi Lira Machado Ketty Lysie , Cruz Resende Marcelo , De Macedo Possamai Vinícius , Dos Santos Paiva Eduardo , R. de O. Gavi Maria Bernadete 
Published: May 2024

Introdução: A Fibromialgia (FM) é uma síndrome crônica associada a fadiga, distúrbios do sono, do hu­mor, cognitivos e dor musculoesquelética generalizada. Objetivos: Avaliar o perfil clínico de pacientes com FM, os tratamentos mais utilizados e o impacto por meio de escalas específicas. Métodos: Estudo descritivo com base em dados do Projeto Epifibro 2.0 de pacientes atendidos em ambulatório de um Serviço de Reumatologia, que preencheram os Critérios de Diagnóstico do Colégio Americano de Reumatologia de 2010 para FM. A coleta dos dados foi realizada através da aplicação de questionários do Projeto Epifibro 2.0 com dados epidemiológicos e escores espe­cíficos para avaliação do impacto da FM nos pacientes do ambulatório de dor de um serviço de Reumato­logia. Os dados foram armazenados em uma planilha do Excel e analisados por meio do programa SPSS 20.0. Resultados: Foram avaliados 69 pacientes, com média de idade de 58,27±9,62 anos e predomínio do sexo feminino com 94,2%. Observou-se que 59,4% dos pacientes tinham mais de 10 anos de diagnóstico, 92,8% estudaram até o ensino médio completo e 86,7% tinham renda familiar maior que 3 salários. As me­dicações mais prescritas foram pregabalina e fluoxetina e o tratamento não farmacológico mais indicado foi o exercício aeróbio. As médias dos questionários PDS, FIQR, GAD-7, PHQ-9 foram de moderadas a graves. Conclusão: Os pacientes analisados apresentaram doença de longa duração e o tratamento mais prescrito foi o farmacológico associado a exercícios aeróbicos. Os questionários demonstraram uma po­pulação com impacto moderado à grave na saúde mental e qualidade de vida.
First versus second drop of capillary blood for monitoring blood glucose: A meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Dong Xiaowan , Zhang Chen , Wu Tiantian , Zhu Baimei 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionThe accuracy of first or second drop of capillary blood for blood glucose monitoring remains unclear. This meta-analysis aimed to compare and evaluate the accuracy of first or second drop of capillary blood for blood glucose monitoring, to provide evidence for the clinical blood glucose monitoring and nursing care.Material and methodsTwo authors searched PubMed, Clinical trials, Cochrane Library, Clinical Evidence, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang and Weipu database for relevant literatures about the comparison of blood glucose values of the first capillary blood from the establishment of each database until November 10, 2023. After screening, extracting data and evaluating the quality of the literature, Revman 5.4 software was used for meta-analysis.Results23 studies involving a total of 3121 patients were finally included in this meta-analysis. There was no significant difference in the measured value of blood glucose between the first drop and the second drop of capillary blood [MD= -0.01, 95% CI (- 0.04, 0.03), P = 0.73]. There was no publication bias in the synthesized outcome tested by Begg's regression analysis (P = 0.152). The result of subgroup analysis showed that there was no difference in the blood glucose values of the first two drops of blood measured by different blood glucose meters and different cleaning methods (all P>0.05).ConclusionsCurrent evidence suggests that when using capillary blood to monitor blood glucose, the first drop of capillary blood can be directly used to measure blood glucose.
Whole Body Water Mass and Osteoarthritis:A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Qi Qu , Jiang Rui , Chen Yizhou , Zhang Zheng , Zhu Wensheng 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionThis study aims to elucidate the potential impact of whole body water mass on osteoarthritis at the genetic prediction level through a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.Material and methodsUsing summary data from genome-wide association studies, we obtained information on whole body water mass and various forms of osteoarthritis, including knee and hip Osteoarthritis, knee osteoarthritis, and hip osteoarthritis from a large-scale genome-wide association study. MR analysis used inverse variance weighting, weighted median, MR-Egger, simple mode, and weighted estimation. Sensitivity analyses, including the MR-Egger method, MR-PRESSO, Cochran's Q-test, and leave-one-out assessment, were performed to assess the reliability of the results.ResultsIn the inverse variance weighting model, increased genetic susceptibility to whole body water mass was significantly associated with knee and hip Osteoarthritis, knee osteoarthritis, and hip osteoarthritis (OR=1.45, 95% CI:1.27–1.65, p=3.24×10-08; OR=1.53, 95% CI:1.30–1.79, p=2.18×10-07; OR=1.25, 95% CI:1.04-1.50, p=0.02). These results indicate a positive causal relationship between whole body water mass and osteoarthritis. The MR-Egger intercept and Cochran's Q-test indicated the absence of heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy in the analyses of whole body water mass and knee and hip Osteoarthritis, knee osteoarthritis, and hip osteoarthritis.ConclusionsThe MR analysis suggests a positive correlation between whole body water mass and the risk of osteoarthritis.
Evaluation and Comparison of the Preventive Role of Nebivolol and Alpha- Tocopherol in Testosterone-Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rats
Authors: Akbar Waheed  , Mehmood Malik Sikandar , Shabana Ali  , Arooj Shahid  , Uzma Naeem  
Published: May 2024

Objective: To evaluate and compare the preventive role of Nebivolol and Alpha Tocopherol on testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats.
Study Design: Laboratory-based experimental study
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacology and Pathology, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, in collaboration with National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad Pakistan, from Dec 2021 to Jun 2022.
Methodology: One hundred fifty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were procured from the NIH, Islamabad. They were placed into five groups, each with 30 rats.
Results: Out of a total 150 sample of five groups, the mean prostatic index in Group-A, Group-B, Group-C, Group-D, and Group-E were 1.49±0.09, 2.35±0.48, 1.87±0.11, 1.72±0.04 and 1.68±0.08 respectively (p-value< 0.001). Mean Prostate Specific Antigen in Group-A, Group-B, Group-C, Group-D and Group-E was 0.19±0.02, 0.23±0.01, 0.18±0.02, 0.18±0.02 and 0.16±0.02 respectively (p-value< 0.001). On gross examination, in Group-A, all (100%) prostate samples were normal-sized. In Group-B, all (100%) prostate samples were enlarged. In Group-C, 53.3% were mild, and 47.7% of samples were moderately enlarged. In Group-D, 73.3% of samples were mildly enlarged, and 26.7% were moderately enlarged. In Group E, 26.7% of samples were normal, and 73.3% were mildly enlarged (p-value< 0.001).
Conclusion: Prostatic index is markedly declined following treatment with the combination of Nebivolol and Alpha-Tocopherol. There is also a declining trend in Prostate Specific Antigen following treatment with a combination of Nebivolol and Alpha-Tocopherol.
Endoscopic Findings and Correlation with Outcome in Oesophagal Battery Button Ingestion in Children
Authors: Muhammad Salman Khoso  , Saeed Anjum , Anjum Muhammad Nadeem , Fayyaz Zafar , Alvi Muhammad Arshad , Kokab Hiba , Rehman Hooria 
Published: May 2024

Objective: To determine the endoscopic findings and its correlation with outcome in oesophageal battery button ingestion in children.
Study Design: Cross sectional study.
Place and duration of study: Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Children’s Hospital and University of Child Health Sciences, Lahore Pakistan, from Jul 2021 to Jun 2022.
Methodology: We recruited children with button battery ingestion over a period of one year. Data of the patients’ demographics, symptoms, time from ingestion to admission, oesophagal location and size of the battery, grade of mucosal injury, management, complications, and follow-up outcome were recorded.
Results: Forty-one children with a mean age of 3.6±1.76 years (range: 1-9 years) were enrolled over one year. The most common site of battery impaction was the lower end of the oesophagus (22, 53.7%). The median time from ingestion to admission was 7.2 hours, with vomiting and chest pain being the most common admission symptoms noted in 24 (58.5%) cases. According to Zargar’s classification, Grade II mucosal injury was most frequent in 21 (51.2%) patients, followed by Grade III in 11 (26.8%) children, and 9 (22%) cases developed oesophagal strictures later on. Regarding the size of the battery, we could measure the diameter, and the median was 18.0 mm (range, 18–20 mm). Three patients had severe complications other than strictures, in one case each (2.4%), and these children could not survive and died due to complications of fistulas and massive bleeding.
Conclusion: Button-battery ingestion is a frequently noticed problem in developing countries like Pakistan. Immediate recognition and endos