bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amino Resins
Authors: Diem Hans , Matthias Günther , Wagner Robert A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe article contains sections titled:1.Introduction2.Physical Properties3.Chemical Properties4.Raw Materials5.Production5.1.Principle Aspects5.1.1.Hydroxymethylation5.1.2.Condensation5.1.3.Principal Components of an Amino Resin Solution5.2.Production Processes5.2.1.Batchwise Production5.2.2.Continuous Production5.2.3.Production of Special Products and Foams6.Environmental Protection7.Types of Resins and Their Properties7.1.Urea Resins (UF Resins)7.1.1.Pure Urea – Formaldehyde Resins7.1.2.Mixed Condensates7.1.3.Condensation of Urea with Other Aldehydes7.1.4.Resins from Urea Derivatives7.1.5.Modified Urea Resins7.2.Melamine Resins7.2.1.Unmodified Melamine Resins7.2.2.Modified Melamine Resins7.3.Urethane Resins7.4.Cyanamide and Dicyanodiamide Resins7.5.Sulfonamide Resins7.6.Aniline Resins8.Analysis9.Storage and Transportation10.Uses11.Economic Aspects
Urea Derivatives
Authors: Nitschke Christian , Scherr Günter 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe article contains sections titled:1.Thermal Condensation Products of Urea2.Alkyl‐ and Arylureas2.1.Phosgenation of Amines2.2.Transamidation of Urea with Amines2.3.Aminolysis of Esters of Carbonic and Carbamic Acids2.4.Reaction with Isocyanates2.5.Reaction of Amines with Cyanates (Salts)2.6.Acylation of Ammonia or Amines with Carbamoyl Chlorides2.7.Alkylation of Urea with Alcohols or Alkyl Halides2.8.Alkylated or Arylated Derivates of Urea3.Reaction of Urea and Urea Derivatives with Aldehydes3.1.α‐Hydroxyalkylureas3.2.α‐Alkoxyalkylureas3.3.α,α′‐Alkyleneureas3.4.Cyclic Ureas—Aldehyde Condensation Products3.5.Bicyclic Ureas— Cyclizing α‐Ureidoalkylations with Aldehydes
Nanostructures and Functional Materials Fabricated by Interferometric Lithography
Authors: Xia Deying , Ku Zahyun , Lee S. C. , Brueck S. R. J. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractInterferometric lithography (IL) is a powerful technique for the definition of large‐area, nanometer‐scale, periodically patterned structures. Patterns are recorded in a light‐sensitive medium, such as a photoresist, that responds nonlinearly to the intensity distribution associated with the interference of two or more coherent beams of light. The photoresist patterns produced with IL are a platform for further fabrication of nanostructures and growth of functional materials and are building blocks for devices. This article provides a brief review of IL technologies and focuses on various applications for nanostructures and functional materials based on IL including directed self‐assembly of colloidal nanoparticles, nanophotonics, semiconductor materials growth, and nanofluidic devices. Perspectives on future directions for IL and emerging applications in other fields are presented.
Early onset collagen VI myopathies: Genetic and clinical correlations
Authors: Briñas Laura , Richard Pascale , Quijano‐Roy Susana , Gartioux Corine , Ledeuil Céline , Lacène Emmanuelle , Makri Samira , Ferreiro Ana , Maugenre Svetlana , Topaloglu Haluk , Haliloglu Göknur , Pénisson‐Besnier Isabelle , Jeannet Pierre‐Yves , Merlini Luciano , Navarro Carmen , Toutain Annick , Chaigne Denys , Desguerre Isabelle , de Die‐Smulders Christine , Dunand Murielle , Echenne Bernard , Eymard Bruno , Kuntzer Thierry , Maincent Kim , Mayer Michèle , Plessis Ghislaine , Rivier François , Roelens Filip , Stojkovic Tanya , Lía Taratuto Ana , Lubieniecki Fabiana , Monges Soledad , Tranchant Christine , Viollet Louis , Romero Norma B. , Estournet Brigitte , Guicheney Pascale , Allamand Valérie 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectiveMutations in the genes encoding the extracellular matrix protein collagen VI (ColVI) cause a spectrum of disorders with variable inheritance including Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy, Bethlem myopathy, and intermediate phenotypes. We extensively characterized, at the clinical, cellular, and molecular levels, 49 patients with onset in the first 2 years of life to investigate genotype‐phenotype correlations.MethodsPatients were classified into 3 groups: early‐severe (18%), moderate‐progressive (53%), and mild (29%). ColVI secretion was analyzed in patient‐derived skin fibroblasts. Chain‐specific transcript levels were quantified by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR), and mutation identification was performed by sequencing of complementary DNA.ResultsColVI secretion was altered in all fibroblast cultures studied. We identified 56 mutations, mostly novel and private. Dominant de novo mutations were detected in 61% of the cases. Importantly, mutations causing premature termination codons (PTCs) or in‐frame insertions strikingly destabilized the corresponding transcripts. Homozygous PTC‐causing mutations in the triple helix domains led to the most severe phenotypes (ambulation never achieved), whereas dominant de novo in‐frame exon skipping and glycine missense mutations were identified in patients of the moderate‐progressive group (loss of ambulation).InterpretationThis work emphasizes that the diagnosis of early onset ColVI myopathies is arduous and time‐consuming, and demonstrates that quantitative RT‐PCR is a helpful tool for the identification of some mutation‐bearing genes. Moreover, the clinical classification proposed allowed genotype‐phenotype relationships to be explored, and may be useful in the design of future clinical trials. ANN NEUROL 2010;68:511–520
Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: How do we improve surgical outcome?
Authors: Thom Maria , Mathern Gary W. , Cross J. Helen , Bertram Edward H. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSurgery has become the standard of care for patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy, with anterior temporal lobe resection the most common operation performed for adults with hippocampal sclerosis. This procedure leads to significant improvement in the lives of the overwhelming majority of patients. Despite improved techniques in neuroimaging that have facilitated the identification of potential surgical candidates, the short‐term and long‐term success of epilepsy surgery has not changed substantially in recent decades. The basic surgical goal, removal of the amygdala, hippocampus, and parahippocampal gyrus, is based on the hypothesis that these structures represent a uniform and contiguous source of seizures in the mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) syndrome. Recent observations from the histopathology of resected tissue, preoperative neuroimaging, and the basic science laboratory suggest that the syndrome is not always a uniform entity. Despite clinical similarity, not all patients become seizure‐free. Improving surgical outcomes requires a re‐examination of why patients fail surgery. This review examines recent findings from the clinic and laboratory. Historically, we have considered MTLE a single disorder, but it may be time to view it as a group of closely related syndromes with variable type and extent of histopathology. That recognition may lead to identifying the appropriate subgroups that will require different diagnostic and surgical approaches to improve surgical outcomes. Ann Neurol 2010;68:424–434
A phase 3 trial of extended release oral dalfampridine in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Goodman Andrew D. , Brown Theodore R. , Edwards Keith R. , Krupp Lauren B. , Schapiro Randall T , Cohen Ron , Marinucci Lawrence N. , Blight Andrew R. ,   on behalf of the MSF204 Investigators
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectiveA previous phase 3 study showed significant improvement in walking ability in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients treated with oral, extended‐release dalfampridine (4‐aminopyridine) 10mg twice daily. The current study was designed to confirm efficacy and further define safety and pharmacodynamics.MethodsThis was a 39‐center, double‐blind trial in patients with definite MS of any course type. Participants were randomized to 9 weeks of treatment with dalfampridine (10mg twice daily; n = 120) or placebo (n = 119). Response was defined as consistent improvement on the Timed 25‐Foot Walk, with percentage of timed walk responders (TWRs) in each treatment group as the primary outcome. The last on‐treatment visit provided data from 8 to 12 hours postdose, to examine maintenance of effect.ResultsOne patient from each group was excluded from the modified Intention to Treat population. The proportion of TWRs was higher in the dalfampridine group (51/119 or 42.9%) compared to the placebo group (11/118 or 9.3%, p < 0.0001). The average improvement in walking speed among dalfampridine‐treated TWRs during the 8‐week efficacy evaluation period was 24.7% from baseline (95% confidence interval, 21.0–28.4%); the mean improvement at the last on‐treatment visit was 25.7%, showing maintenance of effect over the interdosing period. There were no new safety findings.InterpretationThis interventional study provides class 1 evidence that dalfampridine extended‐release tablets produce clinically meaningful improvement in walking ability in a subset of people with MS, with the effect maintained between doses. Ann Neurol 2010;68:494–502
Rylenfarbstoffe als maßgeschneiderte Nanoemitter für die Photonik
Authors: Weil Tanja , Vosch Tom , Hofkens Johan , Peneva Kalina , Müllen Klaus 
Published: October 2010

AbstractDieser Aufsatz fasst die jüngsten Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Rylenfarbstoffe und Rylen‐Nanoemitter für den Einsatz in der Photonik zusammen und beschreibt den Einfluss des Farbstoffdesigns auf die Leistungsmerkmale; im Zentrum stehen dabei die optischen Eigenschaften, die Selbstorganisation, die molekularen Wechselwirkungen sowie die Wechselwirkungsspezifität dieser Verbindungen. Die Messung ihrer Absorptions‐, Emissions‐ oder Anregungsspektren ermöglicht die genaue Bestimmung der Position oder der dreidimensionalen Orientierung ihrer Übergangsdipolmomente. Wichtig ist hierbei das Wechselspiel zwischen maßgeschneidertem (makro)molekularem Design und Einzelmolekül‐spektroskopischen Untersuchungen. Die experimentelle Verfolgung von Einzelmolekülen ermöglicht die Aufklärung komplexer Prozesse, z. B. der Kinetik von Energietransferprozessen oder der (Bio‐)Katalyse, wodurch ein tieferes Verständnis der Entstehung und Herkunft von Unregelmäßigkeiten möglich wird. Derartige Untersuchungen sind für die Entwicklung verbesserter Nanoemitter unerlässlich und erfordern eine enge Zusammenarbeit von Spektroskopikern und Synthetikern.
Identification and characterization of two chitin‐binding proteins from the peritrophic membrane of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L.
Authors: Yang Hua‐Jun , Zhou Fang , Malik Firdose Ahmad , Bhaskar Roy , Li Xing‐Hua , Hu Jia‐Biao , Sun Chun‐Guang , Miao Yun‐Gen 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe peritrophic membrane (PM) is a semi‐permeable lining of the insect midgut, broadly analogous to the mucous lining of vertebrate gut. The PM proteins are important achievements for the function of the PM. In this study, two chitin‐binding proteins (BmPM‐P43 and BmPM‐P41) from the PM of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, were identified and cloned. These proteins showed the molecular mass of 43 and 41 kDa, respectively. The deduced amino acid sequences codes for a protein of 381 amino acid residues and 364 amino acid residues, containing 12 and 14 cysteine residues followed by similar domain, both of them have 5 cysteine residues in similar position in the C‐terminal. The confirmation of these proteins was performed by western blot analysis of recombinant BmPM‐P43 and BmPM‐P41. The chitin‐binding activity analysis showed that the BmPM‐P43 and BmPM‐P41 could bind to chitin strongly. It is concluded that BmPM‐P43 and BmPM‐P41 contains a polysaccharide deacetylase domain instead of peritrophin domain, indicated that these two proteins may belong to a new chitin‐binding protein family. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Arterial en bloc resection for pancreatic carcinoma
Authors: Bockhorn M , Burdelski C , Bogoevski D , Sgourakis G , Yekebas E F , Izbicki J R 
Published: October 2010

Abstract

Background
Surgery for locally advanced pancreatic cancer with arterial involvement of the hepatic artery, coeliac trunk and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) is highly controversial. In a retrospective review, the benefits and harms of arterial en bloc resection (AEBR) for pancreatic adenocarcinoma with arterial involvement were analysed.

Methods
Patients were divided into three groups: 29 patients who had pancreatic resection and AEBR (group 1), 449 who had pancreatic resection with no arterial resection or reconstruction (group 2), and 40 with unresectable tumours who underwent palliative bypass (group 3).

Results
Eighteen patients underwent reconstruction of the hepatic artery, eight of the coeliac trunk and three of the SMA. Additional reconstruction of portal vein was required in 15 patients and of adjacent visceral organs in 19. Perioperative morbidity and mortality rates were higher in group 1 than in group 2 (P = 0·031 and P = 0·037 respectively). Additional portal vein resection was an independent predictor of morbidity (P &lt; 0·001). Median overall survival was similar for groups 1 and 2 (14·0 versus 15·8 months; P = 0·152), and lower for group 3 (7·5 months; P = 0·028 versus group 1).

Conclusion
In selected patients AEBR can result in overall survival comparable to that obtained with standard resection and better than that after palliative bypass. Nevertheless, AEBR is associated with significantly higher morbidity and mortality rates, counterbalancing the overall gain in survival and limiting the overall oncological benefit.
Sterile radial artery granuloma after transradial procedures
Authors: Zellner Christian , Ports Thomas A. , Yeghiazarians Yerem , Boyle Andrew J. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractTrans‐radial cardiac catheterization has lower rates of arterial access site complications. Hydrophilic‐coated sheaths designed specifically for trans‐radial procedures have resulted in numerous reports of a foreign body reaction to retained material. Although this is a self‐limited condition that should be managed expectantly, it is often confused with an infected pseudoaneurysm, resulting in unnecessary surgery. We searched the FDA MAUDE (Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience) database to determine which brands of sheath have been associated with this complication. In addition, we performed a literature search for all reported cases of this complication. Only one brand of sheath has been associated with this condition. As trans‐radial procedures become more common in the US, knowledge of such complications, which appear to be specific to the Cook radial hydrophilic‐coated sheaths, is imperative for all radial interventionalists to prevent unnecessary surgical procedures. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fully biodegradable septal defect occluder—A double umbrella design
Authors: Duong‐Hong Duc , Tang Yong‐Dan , Wu Wei , Venkatraman Subbu S. , Boey Freddy , Lim James , Yip James 
Published: October 2010

AbstractCurrent percutaneous devices for septal defect treatment are made of nondegradable metallic and synthetic fabric materials. These devices are not ideal due to risks of future complications from device erosions and potential obstructed access for future transseptal procedures. The biodegradable double umbrella device was made of fully biodegradable polymers, featured with two discs connected with a stretchable stem. The devices were inserted across the PFO model created on Yorkshire swines through a short sheath by open thoracotomy. Fluoroscopic imaging and echocardiography obtained during the 1‐month follow‐up study period showed that the devices were in stable position with no shunt. The in‐vitro degradation study and post‐mortem explantation confirmed that the devices have good integrity and mechanical strength during the 1‐month trial. Furthermore, the devices appeared to be well endothelialized after 1 month. These results showed clearly that it is feasible to replace the current nondegradable devices with the new generation biodegradable PFO occluders. This work studied and proved the feasibility of interventional closure of patent foramen ovale (PFO) with a fully biodegradable device, that we call the “double umbrella” (DU) for its symbolic design. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Sequential Iterative Scheme for Design of Experiments in Complex Polymerizations
Authors: Nabifar A. , McManus N. T. , Vivaldo‐Lima E. , Penlidis A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe Bayesian design approach is an experimental design technique which has many advantages over standard experimental designs. It incorporates prior knowledge about the process into the design to suggest a set of future experiments in an optimal, sequential, and iterative fashion. Since for many complex polymerizations prior information is available, either in the form of experimental data or mathematical models, the use of Bayesian design methodology could be beneficial. Exploiting this technique in complex polymerizations could hopefully lead to optimal performance in fewer trials, thus saving time and money. Advantages of the Bayesian design approach are illustrated via case studies drawn from the nitroxide‐mediated radical polymerization as an example. However, since this technique is perfectly general, it can be potentially applied to other polymerization variants.
ChemInform Abstract: Low‐Temperature Ionic‐Liquid‐Based Synthesis of Nanostructured Iron‐Based Fluoride Cathodes for Lithium Batteries.
Authors: Li Chilin , Gu Lin , Tsukimoto Susumu , van Aken Peter A. , Maier Joachim 
Published: October 2010

AbstractFe1.9F4.75·0.95H2O is synthesized from Fe(NO3)3·9H2O and [bmim][BF4] (50 °C, 6 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Structure of Dealloyed PtCu3 Thin Films and Catalytic Activity for Oxygen Reduction.
Authors: Yang Ruizhi , Leisch Jennifer , Strasser Peter , Toney Michael F. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractDealloyed PtCu3 thin films consisting of a Pt enriched surface region (about 1.0 nm thick corresponding to 4—5 monolayers) and a Cu depleted interior exhibit a 2.4 fold increase in the specific oxygen reduction activity over pure Pt thin films as measured by a rotating disk electrode.
ChemInform Abstract: Self‐Assembly of a Nanosized, Saddle‐Shaped, Solution‐Stable Polyoxometalate Anion Built from Pentagonal Building Blocks: [H34W119Se8Fe2O420] 54‐.
Authors: Yan Jun , Gao Jing , Long De‐Liang , Miras Haralampos N. , Cronin Leroy 
Published: October 2010

AbstractK44Na10 [H34W119Se8Fe2O420] ·220 H2O is synthesized by slow evaporation of an aqueous solution of Na2WO4, Na2SeO3, KCl, and Fe(NO3)3 (AcOH, HCl, pH 1.7; 4% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Iron(II)—Bis(isonitrile) Complexes: Novel Catalysts in Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenations of Aromatic and Heteroaromatic Ketones.
Authors: Naik Anu , Maji Tapan , Reiser Oliver 
Published: October 2010

AbstractUnder the optimized conditions, moderate enantioselectivities are observed in most cases.
ChemInform Abstract: A Fluorinated Dendritic TsDPEN‐Ru(II) Catalyst for Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Prochiral Ketones in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Wang Weiwei , Wang Quanrui 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe title Ru(II) catalyst is found to be a viable alternative for asymmetric transfer hydrogenation reactions of prochiral ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of Chiral Terminal‐Alkene—Phosphine Hybrid Ligands for Palladium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Substitutions.
Authors: Liu Zhaoqun , Du Haifeng 
Published: October 2010

AbstractEnantioselective allylic alkylation, etherification with aliphatic alcohols and amination is carried out using the newly designed phosphine catalysts (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Tributyltin Hydride‐Mediated Radical Cyclization Reactions: Efficient Construction of Multiply Substituted Cyclopentanes.
Authors: Lei Jie , Cui Hai‐Lei , Li Rui , Wu Li , Ding Zheng‐Yu , Chen Ying‐Chun 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA variety of substrates, obtained by allylic—allylic alkylation of α,α‐dicyanoalkenes and Morita—Baylis—Hillman carbonates, smoothly undergoes intramolecular radical cyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: N,N‐Dialkyl‐N′‐chlorosulfonyl Chloroformamidines in Heterocyclic Synthesis. Part 9. Novel Triazolo‐Fused Thiatriazoles and Pyrazolo‐Fused Oxathiazines.
Authors: Forsyth Craig M. , Francis Craig L. , Jahangiri Saba , Liepa Andris J. , Perkins Michael V. , Young Anna P. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractN,N‐Dialkyl‐N′‐chlorosulfonyl chloroformamidines undergo with various urazoles selective 1,2‐N,N‐dinucleophilic substitution to afford novel triazolo‐fused thiatriazoles (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on Tellurium‐Containing Heterocycles. Part 30. A Straightforward Double Intramolecular Cyclization of Dibenzyl Dichalcogenols into a Triple Bond.
Authors: Sashida Haruki , Kaname Mamoru , Nakayama Akemi , Suzuki Hirokazu , Minoura Mao 
Published: October 2010

AbstractFour types of dibenzyl chalcogenols are studied which are formed in situ by the reaction of the corresponding dibromides with sodium hydrogen sulfide, selenide or telluride.
ChemInform Abstract: Halofluorination of Alkenes Using Trihaloisocyanuric Acids and HF·Pyridine.
Authors: Crespo Livia T. C. , Ribeiro Rodrigo da S. , de Mattos Marcio C. S. , Esteves Pierre M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe reaction proceeds regio‐ and stereoselectively to give the Markovnikov‐type products.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Induced Aza‐Michael Reaction in Water: A Remarkably Simple Procedure.
Authors: Kall Andrea , Bandyopadhyay Debasish , Banik Bimal K. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractReaction between primary and secondary amines, e.g. butylamine, benzylamine, aniline, pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine and α,β‐unsaturated ketones, unsaturated nitriles or unsaturated esters gives high yields of aza‐Michael products.
ChemInform Abstract: Pyrrolidine‐Catalyzed Condensation of Ethyl Diazoacetate to Aldehydes in Water.
Authors: Kantam M. Lakshmi , Chakrapani L. , Ramani T. , Reddy K. Rajender 
Published: October 2010

AbstractCondensation of α‐diazo carbonyl compounds with aldehydes in the presence of pyrrolidine proceeds smoothly in water or mixtures of water and polar solvents (methanol, acetonitrile, THF).
ChemInform Abstract: Straightforward Synthesis of Ethers: Metal‐Free Reductive Coupling of Tosylhydrazones with Alcohols or Phenols.
Authors: Barluenga Jose , Tomas‐Gamasa Maria , Aznar Fernando , Valdes Carlos 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA new efficient synthesis of a wide range of ethers, e.g. (III), (V), (VII), is presented, involving the microwave‐assisted reaction of tosylhydrazones with aromatic and aliphatic alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient and Scalable Process for Demethylation of 6‐(2,4‐Dimethoxybenzoyl)‐chromen‐2‐one and Other Aryl Methyl Ethers.
Authors: Srivastava Amit , Yang Jason , Zhao Baoshu , Jiang Yong , Blackmon Wade , Kraemer Bernd 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe described method is easy, high‐yielding and avoids the use of corrosive or moisture‐sensitive reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of Polyhalogenated Nitrobutadienes. Part 9. Acyclic and Heterocyclic Nitroenamines and Nitroimines from 2‐Nitroperchlorobuta‐1,3‐diene.
Authors: Zapol'skii Viktor A. , Namyslo Jan C. , Gjikaj Mimoza , Kaufmann Dieter E. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractTitle compound (I) is used as potent building block for structurally interesting and physiologically promising nitro‐enamines, ‐imines, ‐amidines, and hydrazines as well as ring closure reaction products.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Chemical Diversity Analysis of Bicyclo[3.3.1]non‐3‐en‐2‐ones.
Authors: Hammill Jared T. , Contreras‐Garcia Julia , Virshup Aaron M. , Beratan David N. , Yang Weitao , Wipf Peter 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe title compounds are prepared by thiol‐mediated ring‐opening, intramolecular rearrangement reaction of epoxyketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient and Scalable Process for the Preparation of Bupropion Hydrochloride via Efficient Bromination of m‐Chloropropiophenone with N‐Bromosuccinimide.
Authors: Reddy Y. Thirupathi , Reddy P. Narsimha , Reddy M. Nikhil , Rajitha B. , Crooks Peter A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA convenient, scalable, and commercially viable process for the production of the antidepressant drug bupropion hydrochloride (III) is reported.