bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RELATIONSHIPS AMONG PHEROMONE TRAP CATCHES OF MALE CORN EARWORM MOTHS (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE), EGG NUMBERS, AND PHENOLOGY IN CORN
Authors: Latheef M.A. , Witz J.A. , Lopez J.D. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractRelationships among catches of corn earworm moths, Helicoverpa (= Heliothis) zea (Boddie), in pheromone traps, numbers of corn earworm eggs, and corn ears with fresh silks were investigated in eight corn fields during a 2-year period in Brazos River Valley, Texas. Cross-correlation analysis indicated that the catches of corn earworm moths in pheromone traps were closely associated with egg numbers in seven of eight fields with a time differential varying between −1 to +2 days. Cross-correlation peaks for new silks versus eggs occurred with time differentials being mostly positive, indicating that corn earworm egg numbers reached a maximum after corn produced large numbers of fresh silks on ears.There was a weak but significant linear relationship between egg numbers and corn earworm catches in pheromone traps when corn was in the whorl stage of growth. A stepwise regression model of the form: log (eggs/ha + 1) = 3.71 + 0.22*log(S + 1)*log(T + 1) − 0.3*log(S + 1), where S = numbers of corn ears with new silks per hectare, and T = mean corn earworm moths per trap, explained 52.5% of the variance. These results emphasize the mediating effects of fresh silks on corn earworm oviposition on corn.
THE NATURAL NEST AND NEST DENSITY OF THE AFRICANIZED HONEY BEE (HYMENOPTERA, APIDAE) NEAR TAPACHULA, CHIAPAS, MEXICO
Authors: Ratnieks Francis L.W. , Piery Miguel A. , Cuadriello Ignacio 
Published: November 2009

AbstractNatural nests of the Africanized honey bee near Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico, were examined during March and April 1988, approximately 18 months after initial colonization. Most were in hollow trees, but open nests and nests in arboreal termite nests occurred. All nests were less than 6 months old and most less than 2 months. The modal cavity volume was 10–20 L. No brood diseases were seen. Colony density was estimated to be about six per square kilometre, higher than the density of man-kept hives.
TAXONOMY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY OF PROTEREMAEUS (ACARI: ORIBATIDA: EREMAEIDAE)
Authors: Behan-Pelletier Valerie M. , Ryabinin Nickolai A. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA new species of Proteremaeus, P. nebaikini, is described from Khabarovsk District, Soviet Far East, on the basis of adults. Evidence is presented for considering Sibiremaetts Ryabinin and Krivolutsky. 1975 as a junior synonym of Proteremaeus Piffl, 1965 A key is given to adults of the eight known species of Proteremaeus. Extant members of this genus are known only from the Palaearctic. Thus, a recently discovered fossil specimen of this genus from the late Tertiary, from Ellesmere Island, Canada, has important biogeographic implications which are discussed.
A NEW GENUS AND THREE NEW SPECIES OF APHIDS FROM QUERCUS CALLIPRINOS WEBB IN THE MEDITERRANEAN COUNTRIES (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE)
Authors: Quednau F.W. , Barbagallo S. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractSiculaphis vittoriensis gen.nov., sp.nov., Myzocallis (Hoplocallis) microsiphon sp.nov., and M. (Agrioaphis) cocciferina sp.nov. are described. The new taxa have a Mediterranean distribution, and Quercus calliprinos Webb is their main host. Accounts are given of their morphology, taxonomic position, and ecology. A key is presented for the four species in the subgenus Hoplocallis.
RECENT OUTBREAK OF THE LARCH SAWFLY, PRISTIPHORA ERICHSONII (HARTIG), IN SUBARCTIC QUÉBEC
Authors: Cloutier Conrad , Filion Louise 
Published: November 2009

AbstractLarch sawfly oviposition activity as revealed by scarring of long shoots of eastern larch, Larix laricina (DuRoi) K. Koch, was measured at various locations in the high boreal forest and forest tundra in Québec in 1988 and 1989. The data show that larch sawfly is established up to the tree line, even on isolated larch growing under climatic conditions that are extreme for this tree. Frequency distributions of scarred shoots as a function of time suggest thai larch sawfly populations reached outbreak levels in the 1980s, with peak numbers in 1981 for the high boreal, and in 1985 for the subarctic regions sampled. Trends in long shoot production by larch trees started to fluctuate simultaneously with the sudden increase in larch sawfly populations along the Grande Rivière de la Baleine in 1984. In this region in 1985, the proportion of long shoots used by Pristiphora erichsonii averaged 20–35%, which may have limited further population increase. Although foliage reduction and branch mortality were observed, mortality of whole trees was not a general characteristic of this outbreak.
DESCRIPTION OF LARVAE OF 17 NEARCTIC SPECIES OFHYDROPORUSCLAIRVILLE (COLEOPTERA: DYTISCIDAE: HYDROPORINAE) WITH AN ANALYSIS OF THEIR PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS
Authors: Alarie Y. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe larvae of 17 species ofHydroporusClairville were described and characterized; a key for their discrimination and illustrations of structural features of first- and third-instar larvae are provided. Many structural features, especially those of chaetotaxy and porotaxy of head capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal segment, and urogomphi, were found to be useful for taxonomic and phylogenetic comparisons. Based on 21 larval characters, the phylogenetic relationships among the five main lineages ofHydroporus(s. lat.) occurring in North America were studied. Structurally, the species of the subgenusHydroporus(s. str.) and of thevilisspecies-group (H.planiusculusFall) were found to be the most generalized taxa whereas the subgeneraNeoporusGuignot andHeterosternutaStrand encompassed the species with the most derived condition. The subgenusHeterosternutawas closely related to the subgenusNeoporusand both subgenera were hypothesized to form a distinct monophyletic unit on the basis of five synapomorphies. The only representative of theoblitusspecies-group studied,H.paugusFall, was related toHydroporus(s. str.) and thevilisspecies-group by the shape of the siphon. This species was a very peculiar clement withinHydroporus(s. lat.) because it was the only known species of the genus without stemmaia in the first- and second-instar larvae, with stemmata greatly reduced in size in the third-instar larvae, and with a secondary dorsomedian seta on antennomere 2. The larval features ofHydroporus(s. lat.) were compared with those ofHygrotusStephens. The comparison suggested that both genera form a monophyletic unit, that each of them is a distinct monophyletic unit, and thatHydroporus(s. lat.) is the sister-group ofHygrotusStephens.
SIMULATION MODEL FOR THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF THE CARROT WEEVIL, LISTRONOTUS OREGONENSIS (LECONTE) (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE)
Authors: Zhao D.X. , Boivin G. , Stewart R.K. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA simulation model was developed for the population dynamics of a carrot weevil, Listronotus oregonensis (LeConte), population on muck-grown carrots. The model includes mortality rates of eggs, larvae, and pupae for different sowing dates of carrots. It also incorporates the overwintered adult density, the temperature-dependent growth rates of the above-mentioned life stages, the age-, temperature-, and phenology-dependent oviposition rates, and the impact of an egg parasitoid, Anaphes sordidatus (Girault), on egg mortality rates. Model output was evaluated by comparing simulated results with observed results on the seasonal totals and time of population peaks of the egg and larval populations. The mean percentage differences between the simulated and observed seasonal egg totals were 3.1 ± 0.66 (SE) in 1987 and 1988, and 4.2 ± 0.05 in 1989. They were not statistically different. The mean percentage differences between the simulated and observed seasonal larval totals were 10 ± 3.33 in 1987 and 1988 and 29.8 ± 0.66 in 1989. Independent data sets (i.e. field data in 1989) showed a significant increase in the simulation error of the larval population. Sensitivity analysis indicated that A. sordidatus had a large influence on the population dynamics of L. oregonensis.
THE FIRST NEARCTIC RECORDS OF TWO HOLARCTIC SPECIES OF POLYMERUS HAHN, WITH REMARKS ON A MONOPHYLETIC SPECIES-GROUP (HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE: MIRINAE)
Authors: Schwartz Michael D. , Scudder Geoffrey G.E. , Henry Thomas J. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThese first North American records for Polymerus cognatus (Fieber) from across Canada and the northeast United States, and P. vulneratus (Wolff) from northwest North America, indicate that the two species are naturally Holarctic. Diagnoses and dorsal habitus illustrations are provided to distinguish the taxa from other North American Polymerus species. An argument for considering P. balli Knight, P. cognatus, P. elegans (Reuter), P. flaviloris Knight, P. froeschneri Knight, and P. vulneratus a monophyletic species-group is presented.
THE NEARCTIC SPECIES OFDUTANIXON (HYMENOPTERA: SCELIONIDAE), EGG PARASITOIDS OF GROUND CRICKETS (ORTHOPTERA: GRYLLIDAE)
Authors: Masner Lubomir 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe Nearctic species of the genusDutaare revised. Two new species are described:D.foveolata(Canada, USA) andD.policeps(Canada, USA).Duta virginiensis(Ashmead),new combination, is shown to be widely distributed in the Western Hemisphere, extending to the New World tropics. A diagnosis ofDutaand a key to the Nearctic species are given. The impact of environmental degradation on the frequency ofDutaspecies in North America is discussed.
DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES REPRESENTING NEW OR UNREPORTED GENERA OF LEBERTIOIDEA (ACARI: HYDRACHNIDA) FROM NORTH AMERICA
Authors: Smith Ian M. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAdult females of Rutripalpus canadensis sp.nov. (family Rutripalpidae) from Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada, adults of both sexes of Scutolebertia trinitensis gen.nov., sp.nov. (family Lebertiidae) from the Coast Range in northern California, USA, and adults of both sexes of Pseudotorrenticola chiricahua sp.nov. (family Torrenticolidae) from Arizona, USA, are described. The three new species represent the first members of their respective genera to be reported from North America, and their discovery provides new perspectives on the phylogeny and biogeography of mites in these genera.
EFFECTS OF ROOT DAMAGE BY CABBAGE MAGGOT, DELIA RADICUM (L.) (DIPTERA: ANTHOMYIIDAE), ON YIELD OF CANOLA, BRASSICA CAMPESTRIS L., UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS
Authors: McDonald R.S. , Sears M.K. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe effects of root damage by larval cabbage maggots, Delia radicum (L.), on yield of canola, Brassica campestris L., were examined in laboratory experiments. Inoculations of eggs or first-instar larvae resulted in significant root damage. Damage that exceeded 50% of taproot surface area resulted in fewer racemes, fewer productive seed pods on axillary racemes, lower total biomass, and reduced yield of seed. Despite the latter effect, damage that restricts the number of flowering racemes and induces abortion of seed on axillary racemes may increase the efficiency of yield in canola, which flowers indeterminately over a short growing season.
HABITAT CHARACTERISTICS AND GRASSHOPPER COMMUNITY DYNAMICS ON MIXED-GRASS RANGELAND
Authors: Quinn Mark A. , Kepner R.L. , Walgenbach D.D. , Bohls R.A. , Pooler P.D. , Foster R. Nelson , Reuter K.C. , Swain J.L. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA study was conducted in Butte County of western South Dakota to determine the relationships between habitat characteristics and spatial and temporal changes in community structure of grasshoppers on mixed-grass rangeland. Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) of 29 undisturbed grasshopper communities and correlation analysis of DCA axis values and habitat variables denned specific spatial gradients underlying the community structure of grasshoppers. Results indicated that grasshopper communities changed along a primary gradient of percentage of coverage of grasses, particularlyBuchloe dactyloides(Nutt.) Engelm., and a secondary gradient of percentage composition of clay and sand in the soil.DCA of 24 grasshopper communities sampled in 1986 and 1987, multiple regression analysis, and factor analysis were used to determine the relationships between specific habitat characteristics and changes in communities of grasshoppers treated with either a nonselective insecticidal spray (malathion) or a selective insecticidal bait (bran bait with carbaryl). Results indicated that between-year change in community composition, or the difference between post-treatment communities in 1986 and 1987, was positively correlated with percentage of coverage of total grasses and forbs. Community malleability, defined as the tendency of a community to return to its predisturbed state, was greater in habitats with high coverages ofAgropyron smithiiRydb. andCarexspp., low coverage ofBouteloua gracilis(H.B.K.) Lag. ex Steud., and low species richness of grasses. Our results emphasize the importance of habitat characteristics in structuring undisturbed grasshopper communities and in community change after perturbation with insecticides.
EGG LAYING IN A NORTHEASTERN NORTH AMERICAN (MONTRÉAL, QUÉBEC) POPULATION OF FORFICULA AURICULARIA L. (DERMAPTERA: FORFICULIDAE)
Authors: Tourneur Jean-Claude , Gingras Jean 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe egg laying regime of Forficula auricularia L., defined by different parameters (number of broods, proportion of females that produce two broods, number of eggs produced at each batch, and the proportion of the total number of eggs represented by the first batch), was studied in the laboratory and under seminatural conditions for a population from Montréal. Approximately half of the females produced two batches of eggs in the laboratory; however the number of eggs produced in the first batch was substantially higher than that of the second batch. In the field a single batch of eggs was produced. Comparison of our data with the literature showed that the Montréal population appears to have a greater resemblance to one of a cold temperate climate (Font-Romeu, Eastern Pyrénées) than one of a warmer climate (Rennes, Bretagne) for all parameters studied.
CONSERVATION OF SPRUCE BUDWORM PARASITOIDS FOLLOWING APPLICATION OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS VAR. KURSTAKI BERLINER
Authors: Nealis V.G. , van Frankenhuyzen K. , Cadogan B.L. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractField trials in northern Ontario in 1990 and 1991 confirmed that survival of spruce budworm larvae [Choristoneurafumiferana (Clemens)] (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) parasitized by Apanteles fumiferanae Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) was greater than survival of nonparasitized budworm larvae following application of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki Berliner (Bt). Apparent parasitism by A. fumiferanae increased slightly when application of Bt was early (instar III or IV) but increased significantly when applications were later in the season (instars IV–VI). Delaying the timing of the spray conserved parasitoids while providing significant reductions in budworm densities and not compromising the primary objective of Bt application, i.e. the protection of current year foliage. The potential for long-term management of spruce budworm through the strategic integration of natural and imposed mortalities is discussed.
FECUNDITY, LONGEVITY, AND INTRINSIC NATURAL RATE OF INCREASE OF EPIDINOCARSIS LOPEZ1 (DE SANTIS) (HYMENOPTERA: ENCYRTIDAE)
Authors: Iziquel Y. , Rü B. Le 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA laboratory study of the fecundity, longevity, and intrinsic natural rate of increase of Epidinocarsis lopezi (De Santis) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) was performed at 26 °C, the average temperature observed in the Congo during pullulation of its host Phenacoccus manihoti Mat.-Ferr. (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). With 30 mealybugs per female per day, the parasitoid lives for an average of 41.4 days and lays 558.5 eggs. The net reproduction rate (R0) was calculated to be 269.9 females per female per generation, the average duration of a generation (T) was 33.9 days, and the intrinsic natural rate of increase of the parasitoid (rm) was 0.213. The fecundity observed in E. lopezi in this study was much higher than the figures previously reported. The rm of the parasitoid appeared to be higher than that determined by other authors for the mealybug. The limits of such a comparison are discussed.
LARVA TO PHARATE ADULT TRANSFORMATION IN THE MEDFLY CERATITIS CAPITATA (WIEDEMANN) (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE)
Authors: Rabossi A. , Wappner P. , Quesada- Allué L.A. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractGross morphological changes in Ceratitis capitata (Wied.) during metamorphosis within the puparium are described and temporally correlated with the appearance of main differentiation markers. A table that allows determination of physiological age of pupal and pharate adult stages is presented.
MATING BEHAVIOR OF SPRUCE BUDWORM MOTHS,CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA(CLEM.) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)
Authors: Sanders C.J. , Lucuik G.S.M. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe mating behavior of spruce budworm [Choristoneura fumiferana(Clem.)] moths was studied in a wind tunnel. Of 88 contacts between male and female moths, 64 (73%) resulted in successful copulation. Failures were a result of males losing contact during courtship (11%), and females walking or flying, either when first contacted (7%) or when males attempted copulation (9%). Females showed no overt behavior other than moving away. Removal of the male labial palps had no effect on responses, which indicates that these structures have no role in courtship. Males with antennae completely removed did not respond to airborne pheromone and, therefore, none copulated. Removal of one antenna or half of both antennae of the males did not reduce the numbers of males that located females, but did result in slower responses and fewer matings. It also resulted in changes in male courtship behavior, which suggest that males depend upon their antennae to position themselves appropriately alongside the female when attempting to copulate. Analyses of male response to models of female moths constructed from glass rods with wings of male spruce budworm or male white-marked tussock moth [Orgyia leucostigma(J.E. Smith)] attached showed that males position themselves approximately halfway along me wing length of the model, with no dependance on its wing size or the length of the male’s antennae. Responses were equally high to both spruce budworm and to tussock moth wings, but no males responded to glass rods in the absence of wings.
COMPARISON OF ARTIFICIAL PUPATION SHELTERS AND OTHER MONITORING METHODS FOR ENDEMIC POPULATIONS OF DOUGLAS-FIR TUSSOCK MOTH, ORGYIA PSEUDOTSUGATA (MCDUNNOUGH) (LEPIDOPTERA: LYMANTRIIDAE)
Authors: Dahlsten D.L. , Rowney D.L. , Copper W.A. , Wenz J.M. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractTwo artificial pupation shelter types were compared as Douglas-fir tussock moth, Orgyia pseudotsugata (McDunnough), monitoring methods in El Dorado County, CA. No difference in attraction was found; wood shelters are recommended as they are both inexpensive and durable. Shelters were compared with three-crown-level larval sampling and with pheromone trapping. Cocoon counts from shelters were significantly correlated with same-year larval density, reflecting larval sample differences between ridges and the general trend in plots along ridges. Egg masses from shelters in 1978 were significantly correlated with the next year’s larval counts, and are of potential value as an early predictor of larval population. The shelter method also provides information on adult sex ratio and pupal and egg emergence, parasitism, and predation.
SUPERPARASITISM OF GYPSY MOTH, LYMANTRIA DISPAR (L.) (LEPIDOPTERA: LYMANTRIIDAE), LARVAE BY PARASETIGENA SILVESTRIS (ROBINEAU-DESVOIDY) (DBPTERA: TACHINIAE)
Authors: Gould Juli R. , Elkinton Joseph S. , ODell Thomas M. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn the field, superparasitism of Lymantria dispar (L.) by Parasetigena silvestris (Robineau-Desvoidy) was not the result of random oviposition, but, because parasitoid eggs were aggregated, certain hosts were more likely to be parasitized than average. Parasitoid eggs were more aggregated when gypsy moth larvae were collected from under burlap bands than when larvae were collected elsewhere in the same 9-ha plot, resulting in lowered mortality due to parasitism. This finding suggests that collecting larvae from burlap bands may not provide accurate estimates of the impact of P. silvestris on populations of L. dispar. In laboratory studies, deposition of more than one egg on a single host significantly increased parasitoid emergence and host mortality. However, increasing superparasitism had a negative effect on both the probability that an individual parasitoid would survive to emerge from a host and the size of the puparium produced by the parasitoid. The probability of parasitoid survival was higher when fifth- rather than fourth-instar gypsy moth larvae were attacked, but puparia produced by parasitoids emerging from fifth-instar larvae were smaller.
TEMPORAL VARIATION IN RANGELAND GRASSHOPPER (ORTHOPTERA: ACRIDIDAE) COMMUNITIES IN THE STEPPE REGION OF MONTANA, USA
Authors: Kemp William P. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA study was conducted to evaluate changes in rangeland grasshopper communities over a 5-year period in the Agropyron spicatum (Pursh) Scribn. and Smith and Bouteloua gracilis (H.B.K.) Lag. provinces of the steppe region of Montana, USA. Results showed that it was possible to categorize years into outbreak, non-outbreak, and transitional based on rangeland grasshopper intensity. Nearly twice as many species were observed in outbreak versus non-outbreak years. Of the 57 total grasshopper species collected over the entire study period, 16 species were found only during outbreak years and only two were found exclusively during non-outbreak years. Of the remaining 39 species collected during outbreak and non-outbreak years, 27 species showed no significant differences in the percentage of the community that they represented and 11 species showed significant increases. The only species that made up proportionately less of the community as densities declined from outbreak to non-outbreak was Melanoplus sanguinipes (F.). Although M. sanguinipes, Ageneotettix deorum (Scudder), and Aulocara elliotti (Thomas) were the three top-ranked species in both outbreak and non-outbreak years, M. sanguinipes contributed most to overall shifts in grasshopper intensity. Results support the hypothesis that grasshopper communities overall are sensitive to temporal changes in resources, even though responses of individual species differed.
EFFECTS OF PARASITISM BY TOMICOBIA TIBIALIS ASHMEAD (HYMENOPTERA: PTEROMALIDAE) ON REPRODUCTIVE PARAMETERS OF FEMALE PINE ENGRAVERS, IPS PINI (SAY)
Authors: Senger Susan E. , Roitberg Bernard D. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe effects of Tomicobia tibialis Ashmead on the reproductive potential of adult Ips pini (Say) females were examined by comparing reproductive indices of parasitized and healthy females maintained in groups of three with healthy males. Parasitized females produced 50% fewer offspring than healthy females, and these offspring were distributed differently in the maternal gallery. Maternal gallery length and larval survival were not significantly different between the two groups, but a statistical power analysis (1 − β) shows this result to be equivocal. The potential to use T. tibialis as a biocontrol agent against I. pini is discussed.