bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tetraethylammonium Perfluorobutanesulfonate as an Alternative Salt for Electric Double Layer Capacitors
Authors: Gaško Mariana , Mahadev Patil Indrajit , Köps Lukas , Krüger Daniel , Neumann Christof , Turchanin Andrey , Kreth Fabian Alexander , Balducci Andrea 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe utilization of tetraethylammonium perfluorobutane sulfonate as a promising alternative salt for electrolyte solutions in electrochemical double layer capacitors is introduced in this study. A thorough analysis of the physical and electrochemical characteristics of tetraethylammonium perfluorobutane sulfonate was conducted, including the assessment of its ionic conductivity, viscosity, and thermal behavior, using a 1 M solution in acetonitrile. Comparative assessments were made between the performance of this novel electrolyte and two well‐studied electrolytes: 1 M tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and 1 M tetraethylammonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide in acetonitrile, focusing on electrochemical performance and long‐term stability. Furthermore, an investigation into the impact of tetraethylammonium perfluorobutane sulfonate on the anodic dissolution of aluminum current collectors was conducted. The results highlight the potential of tetraethylammonium perfluorobutane sulfonate as an effective replacement for bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide‐based electrolytes.
Predicting class switch recombination in B‐cells from antibody repertoire data
Authors: Servius Lutecia , Pigoli Davide , Ng Joseph , Fraternali Franca 
Published: May 2024

AbstractStatistical and machine learning methods have proved useful in many areas of immunology. In this paper, we address for the first time the problem of predicting the occurrence of class switch recombination (CSR) in B‐cells, a problem of interest in understanding antibody response under immunological challenges. We propose a framework to analyze antibody repertoire data, based on clonal (CG) group representation in a way that allows us to predict CSR events using CG level features as input. We assess and compare the performance of several predicting models (logistic regression, LASSO logistic regression, random forest, and support vector machine) in carrying out this task. The proposed approach can obtain an unweighted average recall of with models based on variable region descriptors and measures of CG diversity during an immune challenge and, most notably, before an immune challenge.
Association of pulsatility index with total burden of cerebral small vessel disease and cognitive impairment
Authors: Wu Huijuan , Xu Liaoyang , Zheng Xingyongpei , Gu Caihong , Zhou Xinyu , Sun Yong , Li Xiaomin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigated the correlation between the pulsatility index (PI) of the middle cerebral artery with the total burden of cerebral small vessel disease and cognitive impairment.MethodInformation on patients hospitalized in the Department of Neurology was collected retrospectively. These patients had complete clinical and laboratory data. The middle cerebral artery PI was measured using transcranial Doppler, a Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to assess cognitive function, and the total cerebral small vessel disease burden was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging. Patients were grouped according to their scores for total imaging burden of cerebral small vessel disease and cognitive function. Logistic regression analysis assessed the association between the PI, total imaging burden, and cognitive impairment. Spearman analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between the PI and total imaging burden and cognitive impairment, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the predictive value of the PI for cognitive function.ResultsThe PI was higher in the cognitive impairment (CI) group than in the no‐CI group. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that increased PI was an independent risk factor for CI (OR = 1.582; 95% CI: 1.043–2.401; p = .031) and total imaging burden (OR = 1.842; 95% CI: 1.274–2.663; p = .001). Spearman analysis found that the PI correlated negatively with the MMSE score (r = −.627, p < .001). ROC curve analysis showed the PI predicted CI with an area under the curve of 0.784. The PI combined with the total imaging burden predicted CI in cerebral small vessel disease with an area under the curve of 0.832.ConclusionAn increased PI was associated with CI and a high imaging burden in cerebral small vessel disease patients. The PI combined with the total burden score shows a high predictive value for CI.
A Systematic Study of Nonionic Di‐ and Multiborane Catalysts for the Oligomerization and Polymerization of Epoxides
Authors: Haug Iris , Eberhardt Marc , Krappe Udo , Naumann Stefan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBorane catalysis has emerged as a powerful technology in epoxide polymerization. Still, the structure‐activity correlations for these catalysts are not fully understood to date, especially regarding compounds with nonionic backbones. Thus, in this work, 13 different borane catalysts of this respective type are described and investigated for their epoxide oligomerization and polymerization performance, using propylene oxide (PO), 1‐butylene oxide (BO) and allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) as monomers. Structurally, special emphasis is put on catalysts with different linker lengths and linker flexibilities as well as the introduction of more than two borane functionalities. Importantly, this screening is conducted both under typical polymerization conditions as well as under the chain transfer agent (CTA)‐rich conditions relevant for large‐scale production. It is found that suitable preorganization of the borane groups, such as present in biphenyl derivatives, offers a simple route to high‐performing catalysts and quantitative monomer conversion of the investigated epoxides. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that a diborane‐catalyzed oligomerization can be kept active over weeks, whereby repeated addition of monomer batches (14 steps) constantly results in full conversion and well‐defined oligoethers, underlining the practical potential of this method. The absence of co‐initiating counter ions is suggested as an inherent advantage of nonionic catalysts.
A Fluorescent Furan‐based Probe with Protected Functional Groups for Highly Selective and Non‐Toxic Imaging of HT‐29 Cancer Cells and 4T1 Tumors
Authors: Naderi Parisa Mehdizadeh , Zargoosh Kiomars , Qandalee Mohammad , Firuzi Omidreza , Behmadi Hossein , Hosseinkhani Saman , Ghafary Soroush Moasses , Durán‐Valle Carlos J. , López‐Coca Ignacio M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMost of the previously reported fluorescent organic probes for cancer cell and tumor imaging have significant limitations including chemical toxicity, structural instability, low Stokes shift value, and the inability for selective accumulations in tumors during in vivo imaging. To overcome the mentioned challenges, we synthesized the fluorescent probes with protected polar functional groups to enhance the non‐toxicity nature and increase the selectivity toward tumors. In addition, the structural rigidity of the fluorescent probes was increased by embedding aromatic rings in the probe structure. This issue enables us to obtain ultrabright cell images due to enhanced fluorescence quantum yield (ΦFL) values. After synthesis and spectral characterizations, the applicability of two furan‐based and imidazole‐based fluorescent probes ( abbreviated as DCPEF and DBPPI, respectively) was investigated for ultrabright in vitro and in vivo imaging of cancer cells. The probe DCPEF shows the ΦFL value of 0.946 and the Stocks shift of 86 nm. In addition, probe DBPPI offers the ΦFL value of 0.400 and a Stocks shift of 150 nm. The MTT colorimetric cytotoxicity assay showed that probe DCPEF has minimal effects against HT‐29 (cancer) and Vero (normal) cells. The probe DCPEF produced ultrabright fluorescence images from HT‐29 cells. In addition, in vivo imaging of cancer cells showed that probe DCPEF selectively accumulates in the 4T1 tumor in mice. The spectral and chemical stability, minimal cytotoxicity, significant Stokes shift, and high degree of selectivity for tumor cells during in vivo imaging make DCPEF an appropriate candidate to be used as a standard probe for cancer cell imaging.
Battery‐free ultra‐low‐power radio‐frequency receiver for mm‐wave applications using 130‐nm CMOS technology with harvested DC supplies
Authors: Mansour Marwa , Mansour Islam 
Published: May 2024

SummaryThis paper presents a battery‐free ultra‐low‐power (ULP), highly integrated, and wide‐bandwidth low‐IF radio‐frequency (RF) receiver designed for millimeter‐wave (mm‐Wave) applications, utilizing 130‐nm CMOS technology. The suggested RF receiver is suitable for K‐band (n258) at 26 GHz, Ka‐band (n261 and n257) at 28 GHz, and the LMDS band at 28 GHz in fifth‐generation applications. The proposed radio receiver consists of a low‐noise driver stage implemented using a complementary current‐reuse common gate with an active shunt feedback configuration and an in‐phase/quadrature‐phase (I/Q) demodulator. The proposed RF receiver employs transformer coupling to isolate the DC path between the transconductance stage (RF stage) and the switching stage (IF stage). The driver stage expands the RF input impedance while maintaining acceptable linearity and gain with ultra‐low DC power dissipation. The DC supplies for the proposed mm‐Wave RF receiver are generated using two novel energy‐harvesting voltage doubler circuits to provide positive and negative voltages. The proposed mm‐Wave radio receiver consumes 0.475 mW from a 1.1 V DC supply and exhibits a power conversion gain (CG) of 6.3 dB, with a 3 dB frequency bandwidth extending from 22 to 32 GHz. The input 1‐dB compression point (P1dB) of the RF receiver is −2.65 dBm, and the input third‐order intercept point (IIP3) is 7.35 dBm. With a sensitivity of −66.5 dBm at a 100 MHz channel bandwidth and a dynamic range of 63.85 dB, the suggested receiver demonstrates notable performance characteristics. The proposed radio receiver boasts an excellent figure of merit (FoM) at 215 dB, surpassing published works by a margin of 8–31 dB. The primary positive supply voltage is derived from a double‐band positive voltage doubler with series resonance feedback and parallel resonance networks, efficiently achieving the desired DC voltage and output current (1.1 V and 450 μA). Meanwhile, the negative gate bias is provided by a negative voltage doubler, ensuring the necessary negative voltage (−0.5 V) without any current conditions.
Multipurpose error calibration of pipeline analog‐to‐digital converters using decision points of the residue curve in sub‐analog‐to‐digital converters
Authors: Ghanbari Kourosh , Farshidi Ebrahim , Sheini Navid Alaei 
Published: May 2024

SummaryA new mechanism of digital background calibration in pipeline analog‐to‐digital converters (ADCs) is expressed. The presented technique calibrates various errors like capacitor mismatch, finite DC gain of the amplifier, third‐order nonlinearity, and fifth‐order nonlinearity, so it is called multipurpose. In this method, the error coefficients are identified by estimation of the output code of the decision points in the voltage transfer characteristic (VTC) of the pipeline stages. To achieve sufficient decision points in the VTCs of the pipeline stages, one threshold level of one comparator of the sub‐ADC is shifted, and then the digital output is calibrated by capturing the error coefficients. The digital logic of this method is simple and does not require special analog circuits. The introduced calibration mechanism is evaluated for the first five stages of a 12‐bit 100 MS/s pipeline ADC. The required time for the calibration is 1.5 ms. By applying this method, the signal‐to‐noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) and spurious‐free dynamic range (SFDR) in order are enhanced from 46.44 and 50.53 dB to 69.92 and 74.04 dB, respectively.
Loquat and its phytochemical potential: A promising application in food technology
Authors: Kumar Vishal , Gupta Prerna , Kumar Mukul 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis review study highlights the importance of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) in terms of its nutritional, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical value. The entire plant, including its seeds, leaves, flowers, fruits, and peel, contains a wide range of bioactive compounds, such as phenolics, carotenoids, triterpenic acids, and organic acids. These compounds exhibit a wide range of beneficial properties such as fighting cancer, reducing inflammation, managing diabetes, combating viruses, preventing mutations, inhibiting nitrosamine formation, killing harmful microorganisms, lowering blood sugar levels, inducing cell death, and protecting the liver. The extraction and separation of such compounds will greatly enhance and expand its potential. Furthermore, the waste generated from the seeds and peel can be effectively used for submerged and solid state biomass production.
Salt substitute recommendations for heart failure patients may influence guideline‐directed medical therapies titration
Authors: Tartière Jean‐Michel , Roubille François , Salvat Muriel , Damy Thibaud , Beauvais Florence , Berthelot Emmanuelle , Lamblin Nicolas , Kesri‐Tartière Lamia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsReducing sodium intake is necessary for patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Salt substitutes (saltSubs) have become increasingly popular as recommendations by healthcare professionals (HCPs) as well as options for patients and their caregivers. However, their consumption is generally potassium based and remains poorly evaluated in CHF management. Their impact on guideline‐directed medical therapies (GDMTs) also remains unknown. The primary objective of this study was to provide a description and estimate of HCP recommendations and reported use of saltSubs in France. Secondary objectives were to identify if there was an association between these recommendations by HCPs and the use of GDMTs.Methods and resultsA nationwide, questionnaire‐based, cross‐sectional, epidemiological study was conducted from September 2020 to July 2021. Data collection included baseline characteristics, the use and recommendations of saltSubs, and the use of GDMTs, which included (i) angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) or angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitors (ARNis), (ii) mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and/or (iii) beta‐blockers (BBs). In total, 13% of HCPs advised saltSubs and 17% of patients and 22% of caregivers reported their consumption. CHF patients advised to take saltSubs did not differ in terms of left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) <40%, ischaemic origin, and New York Heart Association III–IV class, but were more recently hospitalized for acute HF (P = 0.004). HCPs who recommended saltSubs to patients were more likely to advise an anti‐diabetic diet (P < 0.001), cholesterol‐lowering diet (P < 0.001), and exercise (P = 0.018). In the overall population, ACEi/ARB/ARNi use was less frequent in case of saltSub recommendations (74% vs. 82%, P = 0.012). The concomitant prescription of none, one, two, or three GDMTs was less favourable in case of saltSub recommendations (P = 0.046). There was no significant difference for the presence of MRA (56% vs. 58%) and/or BB (78% vs. 82%). The under‐prescription of ACEi/ARB/ARNi was found when patients had EF < 40% (P = 0.029) and/or EF ≥ 40% (P = 0.043). In the subgroup with left ventricular EF ≥ 40%, we found a higher thiazide use (P = 0.014) and a less frequent use of low EF GDMTs (P = 0.044) in case of being recommended saltSubs.ConclusionsBeyond the well‐established risk for hyperkalaemia, our preliminary results suggest a potentially negative impact of saltSubs on GDMT use, especially for ACEis/ARBs/ARNis in CHF management. saltSub recommendations and their availability from open sale outlets should be considered to avoid possible misuse or deference from GDMTs in the future. Informed advice to consumers should also be considered from HCPs or pharmacists.
A comprehensive review on developments and future perspectives of biopolymer‐based materials for energy storage
Authors: Mahajan Priyanka , Sharma Mansi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDriven by the escalating environmental impact of synthetic materials, there has been a growing focus on employing eco‐sustainable biomass‐derived biopolymers and native materials as a viable alternative to traditional energy storage applications. Biopolymer‐based energy devices, like batteries, supercapacitors, electrode materials, and ion‐exchange membranes, a novel and eco‐conscious approach, hold great potential for flexible and smart electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices, owing to their affordability, environmental sustainability, and biodegradability. This critical review outlines the sources and properties of biopolymers leading to energy storage and emphasizes their utilization in the energy sector. Despite their inherent constraints, biopolymers can be effectively leveraged when combined with other materials in composites. This collaborative approach not only refines their intrinsic physical attributes but also elevates the electrochemical performance of biologically active molecules. In this regard, bionanocomposites, a class of materials combining biopolymers and nanoparticles, have emerged as a promising greener alternative to conventional petroleum‐based polymers. Their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and antimicrobial properties have promoted their increased commercialization, thus paving the way for a more sustainable future. The review concludes by identifying and effectively addressing the limitations, challenges, and future perspectives of biopolymers in energy storage applications.
Exploring the influence of Ni doping thin films for supercapacitor application
Authors: Ranmale V. B. , Kadam L. D. , Shinde T. J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study explores the impact of nickel (Ni) doping bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) thin film synthesis by spray pyrolysis method. The structural and morphological study shows that the thin films are slightly amorphous with granular morphology. Investigated the supercapacitive behavior of synthesized material by using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge‐discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The thin films synthesized are capable of storing a 253.31 F/g capacitance at a 10 mV/s scan rate and by introducing nickel into the synthesis process, we obtained 312.12 F/g capacitance at a 10 mV/s scan rate. The material shows good cyclic stability after 91000 cycles. It is also observed that no structural and morphological changes were made by doping Ni into BiFeO3 thin films. The significant improvement in capacitance was displayed by Ni doping into BiFeO3 obtained via spray pyrolysis methods indicating its potential for use in supercapacitor applications.
The translational inhibitor and amnestic agent emetine also suppresses ongoing hippocampal neural activity similarly to other blockers of protein synthesis
Authors: Al‐Smadi S. , Padros A. , Goss G. G. , Dickson C. T. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe consolidation of memory is thought to ultimately depend on the synthesis of new proteins, since translational inhibitors such as anisomycin and cycloheximide adversely affect the permanence of long‐term memory. However, when applied directly in brain, these agents also profoundly suppress neural activity to an extent that is directly correlated to the degree of protein synthesis inhibition caused. Given that neural activity itself is likely to help mediate consolidation, this finding is a serious criticism of the strict de novo protein hypothesis of memory. Here, we test the neurophysiological effects of another translational inhibitor, emetine. Unilateral intra‐hippocampal infusion of emetine suppressed ongoing local field and multiunit activity at ipsilateral sites as compared to the contralateral hippocampus in a fashion that was positively correlated to the degree of protein synthesis inhibition as confirmed by autoradiography. This suppression of activity was also specific to the circumscribed brain region in which protein synthesis inhibition took place. These experiments provide further evidence that ongoing protein synthesis is necessary and fundamental for neural function and suggest that the disruption of memory observed in behavioral experiments using translational inhibitors may be due, in large part, to neural suppression.
Hyperbolae
Authors: Killeen Peter R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHyperbolic relations between independent and dependent variables are ubiquitous in the experimental analysis of behavior, mentioned in over 150 articles in the Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior. There are two principal forms of hyperbolae: The first describes the relation between response rate and reinforcement rate on variable‐interval schedules of reinforcement; it rises asymptotically toward a maximum. The second describes the relation between the current equivalent value of an incentive and its delay or (im)probability; it falls from a maximum toward an asymptote of 0. Where do these come from? What do their parameters mean? How are they related? This article answers the first two questions and addresses the last.
In vivo measurement of strain in the periodontal space of pig (Sus scrofa) incisors using in‐fiber Bragg sensors
Authors: Popowics Tracy E. , Hwang Isabelle , Lu Jason , Nguyen Tammy , Sample Morgan , Sangster Anissa , Tang Derrick , Dennison Christopher R. , Romanyk Dan L. , Rafferty Katherine , Greenlee Geoffrey 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe incisor teeth in pigs, Sus scrofa, function in association with a disc‐shaped snout to explore the environment for potential food. Understanding how mechanical loading applied to the tooth deforms the periodontal ligament (PDL) is important to determining the role of periodontal mechanoreceptors during food exploration and feeding. The objective of this study was to use fiber Bragg (FBG) sensors to measure strain in vivo within the PDL space of pig incisors. The central mandibular incisors of pigs underwent spring loaded lingual tipping during FBG strain recording within the labial periodontal space. FBG sensors were placed within the periodontal space of the central mandibular incisors of ~2–3‐month‐old farm pigs. The magnitude and orientation of spring loads are expected to mimic incisor contact with food. During incisor tipping with load calibrated springs, FBG strains in vitro (N = 6) and in vivo (N = 6) recorded at comparable load levels overlapped in range (−10–20 με). Linear regressions between peak FBG strains, that is, the highest recorded strain value, and baseline strains, that is, strain without applied spring load, were significant across all in vivo experiments (peak strain at 200 g vs. baseline, p = .04; peak strain at 2000 g vs. baseline p = .03; peak strain at 2000 g vs. 200 g, p = .004). These linear relationships indicate that on a per experiment basis, the maximum measured strain at different spring loads showed predictable differences. A Friedman test of the absolute value of peak strain confirmed the significant increase in strain between baseline, 200 g, and 2000 g spring activation (p = .02). Mainly compressive strains were recorded in the labial PDL space and increases in spring load applied in vivo generated increases in FBG strain measurements. These results demonstrate the capacity for FBG sensors to be used in vivo to assess transmission of occlusal loads through the periodontium. PDL strain is associated with mechanoreceptor stimulation and is expected to affect the functional morphology of the incisors. The overall low levels of strain observed may correspond with the robust functional morphology of pig incisors and the tendency for pigs to encounter diverse foods and substrates during food exploration.