bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Output power characteristics of a shape memory alloy engine
Authors: Sato Yoshihisa , Kobayashi Masaru , Kobayashi Yoshikazu , Morimoto Hiroki , Miyawaki Hiroshi 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to verify experimentally the validity of the rotation mechanism theory of the SMA engine. The main results obtained by this research are as follows. We derived a theoretical formula which predicts the rotation speed and output power of the SMA engine. We built large‐sized experiment equipment to measure the rotation speed and torque simultaneously, and obtained a maximum output power of 3.74 W. We compared the measured values of the rotation speed and the torque with the theoretical values, and partially verified the validity of the theory. We derived an empirical formula which predicts the maximum output power of the SMA engine. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 174(4): 19–27, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21070
Modification of Titanium Isopropoxide with Aromatic Aldoximes
Authors: Baumann Stefan O. , Bendova Maria , Puchberger Michael , Schubert Ulrich 
Published: December 2010

AbstractDimeric [Ti(OiPr)2(benzaldoximate)2]2 was obtained upon reaction of titanium isopropoxide with two molar equivalents of benzaldehyde (E)‐ or (Z)‐oxime or m‐anisaldoxime. Two isomers were formed differing by the mutual orientation of the oximate ligands. Reaction with perillaldoxime or trans‐cinnamaldoxime resulted in the corresponding derivatives with functional ligands. The degree of substitution was higher when o‐ or p‐anisaldoxime were employed in the same molar ratio, and dimeric Ti2(OiPr)3(o‐anisaldoximate)5 with a bridging oximate ligand and monomeric Ti(oximate)4 (oximate = o‐anisaldoximate or p‐anisaldoximate) were obtained. Dissolution of the p‐anisaldoximate derivative upon heating in [D6]DMSO led to deoximation reactions.
Bond Activation in Iron(II)‐Coordinated Polypodal Phosphane Ligands
Authors: Gentschow Simon‐Andreas , Kohl Stephan W. , Bauer Walter , Hummert Markus , Grohmann Andreas 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA mononuclear iron(II) complex is readily formed when combining equimolar amounts of iron(II) tetrafluoroborate hexahydrate, the pyridine‐derived triphosphane C5H3N{2‐[CMe(CH2PMe2)2]}{6‐[CMe2(CH2PMe2)]} (2) and diethylphosphane (Et2PH) in methanol at room temperature. The chelate ligand is in fact pentadentate, as one of the methyl groups of the neopentyl‐like sidearm engages in a C–H‐bonded contact (agostic interaction) with the metal centre, in addition to the expected NP3 coordination. The remaining site of what is a distorted coordination octahedron is occupied by monodentate Et2PH. The autoclave reaction of this purple complex with CO (10 bar, ethanol solvent, 65 °C) yields a yellow microcrystalline precipitate, whose analysis reveals a mixture of two products, in an approximate ratio of 40:1. One of the products is the cis‐dicarbonyl complex[Fe(2)(CO)2](BF4)2 (4), in which the chelate ligand acts as an NP3 donor, and the other is the monocarbonyl complex of the tetrapodal pentadentate NP4 ligand 1. The latter ligand is formed from 2 by incorporation of an additional PMe2 donor, in what, in effect, is a metal‐mediated phosphenium group transfer. A mechanism is suggested for this reaction. Other species in the reaction mixture have been identified on the basis of mass spectra, and the full NMR spectroscopic assignment of complex 4 (1H, 31P, 13C) is reported.
Lewis Acid Mediated One‐Pot Synthesis of Aryl/Heteroaryl‐Fused Carbazoles Involving a Cascade Friedel–Crafts Alkylation/Electrocyclization/Aromatization Reaction Sequence
Authors: Sureshbabu Radhakrishnan , Saravanan Velu , Dhayalan Vasudevan , Mohanakrishnan Arasambattu K. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA Lewis‐acid‐mediated domino reaction of 2/3‐(bromomethyl)indoles with arenes/heteroarenes led to the formation of the corresponding annulated carbazoles. This three‐step one‐pot transformation proceeds by sequential Lewis acid catalysed Friedel–Crafts alkylation, electrocyclization and aromatization reactions. The strategy is highly efficient for the assembly of complex aryl/heteroaryl‐fused carbazoles.
Stereoselective Interaction between DNA and Stable Chiral Surfaces Modified with 1,2‐Diphenylethylenediamine Enantiomers
Authors: Wang Lilan , Fu Yingzi , Zhou Juan , Chen Qiao 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThis work described an interesting phenomenon of the stereoselective adsorption behaviors of DNA on stable chiral surfaces which were modified with 1,2‐diphenylethylenediamine enantiomers on gold electrodes. The modification process and electrochemical characterization of the chiral surfaces were measured by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The stereoselective adsorption behaviors of DNA on the two chiral surfaces were investigated via atomic force microscopy (AFM), CV, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). All results confirmed that (1R,2R)‐1,2‐diphenylethylenediamine modified surface had stronger interaction with DNA molecules than (1S,2S)‐1,2‐diphenylethylenediamine modified surface, and the chirality of the surfaces created an different effect on the morphology and adsorption quantity of DNA.
Probing the Pt Surface for Oxygen Reduction by Insertion of Ag
Authors: Schwamborn Stefanie , Bron Michael , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: December 2010

AbstractWe report on the probing of the Pt surface for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) by insertion of Ag. Therefore, PtAg bimetallic nanoparticles were prepared by pulse electrodeposition. In a second step, Ag was electro‐dissolved in acidic media from the particles under formation of Pt skeleton. The ORR activity of these Pt skeleton depends on two factors: (1) on the surface properties of the Pt‐shell and (2) on the electronic as well as geometric influences of the remaining Ag in the particle core. By varying the conditioning procedure prior to measuring the ORR activity, we were able to differentiate between these two effects.
Bioelectroanalytical Determination of Rutin Based on bi‐Enzymatic Sensor Containing Iridium Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquid Phase Supported in Clay
Authors: Zapp Eduardo , Brondani Daniela , Vieira Iolanda C. , Dupont Jairton , Scheeren Carla W. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA matrix comprising iridium nanoparticles and 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid (Ir‐BMI.BF4) supported in montmorillonite (MMT) was obtained through an efficient incorporation process. This modified clay matrix (Ir‐BMI.BF4‐MMT) was used for the immobilization of the enzymes laccase (LAC) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and employed in the construction of a bi‐enzymatic biosensor for determination of rutin by square‐wave voltammetry. Under optimized conditions, the analytical curve showed a linear range for rutin concentrations from 9.17×10−8 to 3.10×10−6 mol L−1 with a detection limit of 3.09×10−8 mol L−1. The method was successfully applied to the determination of rutin content in pharmaceutical samples.
The Use of Diamond Electrodes in the Interface Biodiesel/Water
Authors: Maynart Marlon C. , Ferreira Rafael Q. , Suffredini Hugo B. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA boron‐doped diamond electrode was used at the interface of biodiesel and water in conjunction with square‐wave voltammetry to promote the detection of a model molecule (ferrocene). The addition of LiClO4 to the oil phase increased the detection of ferrocene five‐fold as compared with an unsupported oil phase. A cathodic surface pretreatment of the BDD electrode caused no oscillation of currents and promoted a high stability within the system. Our successful use of this system suggests the possibility for its application in the analysis of other contaminants within biodiesel including liposoluble pesticides and glycerol.
„Ihm soll Lob und Preis erschallen”︁
Authors: Scheidgen Andreas 
Published: December 2010

AbstractGesangbücher standen lange nicht im Blickpunkt der Wissenschaft — dabei sind sie kulturgeschichtliche Quellen ersten Ranges. Inzwischen jedoch haben Germanisten, Liturgie‐ und Musikwissenschaftler ihre Bedeutung als Gebrauchsliteratur erkannt, die von jeder Generation dem Zeitgeist angepasst wird.
Efficient one‐pot synthesis of disubstituted 1,3,4‐oxadiazole derivatives from the reaction of (N‐isocyanimino)triphenylphosphorane, acetaldehyde, a secondary amine, and an electron‐poor (E)‐cinnamic acid
Authors: Ramazani Ali , Ahmadi Yavar , Tarasi Roghayeh 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe iminium intermediate formed by the reaction of a secondary amine with acetaldehyde was reacted by (N‐isocyanimino) triphenylphosphorane in the presence of an electron‐poor (E)‐cinnamic acid derivative to give the corresponding iminophosphorane intermediate, whose intramolecular the aza‐Wittig reaction led to disubstituted 1,3,4‐oxadiazole derivatives. The reactions were completed under neutral conditions at room temperature, and the corresponding disubstituted 1,3,4‐oxadiazole derivatives were produced in excellent yields. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 22:79–84, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/hc.20660
A computational study of CS bond dissociation enthalpies in petroleum chemistry
Authors: Shi Jing , Hu Xi‐Rui , Liang Shuang 
Published: December 2010

AbstractHigh‐level theoretical methods (BMK, B3LYP, B98, B3P86, B3PW91, PBE1PBE, PBE1KIS, MPWPW91, MPW1KCIS, TPSS1KCIS, G3, G3//BMK, and CBS‐Q) were utilized to study the carbon–sulfur bond dissociation enthalpies (BDEs) of hydrocarbons in petroleum chemistry. The performance of these methods was evaluated on the basis of a training set including the available experimental BDEs, and it was found that the BMK (Boese‐Martin for Kinetics) method had the best agreement with experimental values. By using the BMK method to calculate CS BDEs of saturated hydrocarbon, the main factors, which determine the changing trend of BDE values, were discussed. Results revealed that the repulsive energies played an important role in determining a change in the trend of BDEs as well as the radical effect. Good agreements were obtained between further calculated BDEs and the experimental ones for CS and CO bonds. Moreover, the same calculation method was applied to predict CS BDEs for which the experimental values were still unavailable. A range of predicted bond dissociation enthalpy values were provided according to the calculations. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 22:97–105, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/hc.20662
Protein intensity changes in the hemoglobin and plasma electrophoretic patterns of Oreochromis niloticus in response to single and combined Zn and Cd exposure
Authors: Fırat Özgür , Kargın Ferit 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of metals on the electrophoretic patterns of hemoglobin and blood plasma proteins of Oreochromis niloticus. Fish were exposed to 0.5 and 5.0 mg/L Zn, 0.1 and 1.0 mg/L Cd, and 0.5 mg/L Zn + 0.1 mg/L Cd, and 5.0 mg/L Zn + 1.0 mg/L Cd mixtures for 7 and 28 days. In all concentrations tested, electrophoretic pattern of hemoglobin and plasma proteins by cellulose acetate electrophoresis consist of three and eight bands, respectively. The three bands for hemoglobin are one cathodic (Hb1) and two anodic (Hb2 and Hb3) bands. The protein intensity in hemoglobins of fish following Zn, Cd, and Zn + Cd exposures decreased in Hb1, whereas it increased in Hb3. The eight bands for plasma proteins are 60, 78, 87, and 94 kDA high molecular weight proteins (HMP) for four bands and 120, 132, 176, and 273 kDA very high molecular weight proteins (VHMP) for four bands. The level of 60, 78, and 94 kDA HMP and 120, 132, and 176 kDA VHMP increased in response to single and combined Zn and Cd exposure. Also, there was increasing level of the metals in the whole blood with increasing concentrations of metals in the exposure medium and with increasing duration of exposure. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 24:395–401, 2010; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.20352
Preliminary psychometric properties of a measure of Karen Horney's Tridimensional theory in children and adolescents
Authors: Coolidge Frederick L. , Segal Daniel L. , Estey Alisa J. , Neuzil Paula J. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThis study established the psychometric properties of a child and adolescent version of the Horney‐Coolidge Tridimensional Inventory (HCTI), which assesses psychoanalyst Karen Horney's theory of neurotic types. Parents of 302 children (ages 5 to 17 years; median age = 12.0 years) completed the new 45‐item version of the HCTI and the Coolidge Personality and Neuropsychological Inventory (CPNI) about their children. The three main scales (Compliance, Aggression, and Detachment) had good internal scale reliability and excellent test‐retest reliability. Principal components analysis supported Horney's three dimensions and a six‐component substructure. There was also sufficient construct validity with personality disorder scales from the CPNI with the three HCTI dimensions and their six components. The implications of the findings are discussed for Horneyan theory. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 00:1–8, 2011.
Leadership competency inventory: A systematic process of developing and validating a leadership competency scale
Authors: Joon Yoon Hyung , Hoon Song Ji , Donahue Wesley E. , Woodley Katheryn K. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThis article reports psychometric evaluation of the Penn State Leadership Competency Inventory (LCI). The 32‐item LCI was validated on a sample of 323 managers in the health care industry. Preliminary validity and reliability evidence of the LCI was established through exploratory factor analysis (EFA), item‐total correlations, Cronbach's alpha coefficients, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The four‐factor leadership competency scale, comprising supervisory and managerial competencies, organizational leadership, personal mastery, and resource leadership, accounted for 58% of variance. According to CFA results, the model fit of the four latent factors of the LCI was confirmed to be appropriate. Cross‐validation with other populations is needed to confirm the factor structure. Limitations and further research recommendations are discussed.
Leadership in Islam
Authors: Mir Ali Mohammad 
Published: December 2010

AbstractLeadership is about knowledge, skills, and abilities for transformation. It is also increasingly about worldviews or visions of life—beliefs, values, and principles. But worldviews are also ways of life, for beliefs direct us, values guide us, and principles motivate us to certain kinds of action and behavior.How, then, do worldviews have an impact on leadership for transformation? If worldviews are glasses or filters by which we view the world, mental models of the bigger picture, frameworks by which we make sense of the world, and narratives by which we orient our lives, then how do they influence human thoughts, ideas, and behaviors when it comes to transformative leadership?This was the subject matter of an International Leadership Association Conference panel discussion held in November 2009 in Prague, entitled Leadership for Transformation: The Impact of Worldviews. It is also the subject matter of this issue's symposium, in which we bring you the four papers and the response presented at the conference. Members of the panel were characterized by gender, disciplinary, religious, and global diversity.Nathan Harter, organizational leadership professor at Purdue University in the United States, begins the discussion with some preliminary remarks about worldviews. Ali Mohammed Mir, medical doctor and director of programs of Population Council, Pakistan, speaks of leadership from an Islamic perspective. Michael Jones, accomplished composer, pianist, and leadership educator, writer, and speaker from Orillia, Canada, reflects on how a “marriage of mythos and logos” can transform leadership today. Lisa Ncube, originally from Zimbabwe and currently assistant professor of organizational leadership at Purdue University, speaks about Ubuntu as an alternative leadership philosophy emerging from Africa. John Valk, associate professor of worldview studies at Renaissance College, University of New Brunswick, Canada, speaks of leadership for transformation from a Christian worldview perspective. Jonathan Reams, associate professor in the Department of Education at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology in Trondheim, responds to all of the papers and opens a venue for further discussion.We hope that you will find this symposium engaging. We hope it will give food for thought and that it might stimulate further thinking regarding the role worldviews play in leadership for transformation.
Ubuntu: A transformative leadership philosophy
Authors: Ncube Lisa B. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractLeadership is about knowledge, skills, and abilities for transformation. It is also increasingly about worldviews or visions of life—beliefs, values, and principles. But worldviews are also ways of life, for beliefs direct us, values guide us, and principles motivate us to certain kinds of action and behavior.How, then, do worldviews have an impact on leadership for transformation? If worldviews are glasses or filters by which we view the world, mental models of the bigger picture, frameworks by which we make sense of the world, and narratives by which we orient our lives, then how do they influence human thoughts, ideas, and behaviors when it comes to transformative leadership?This was the subject matter of an International Leadership Association Conference panel discussion held in November 2009 in Prague, entitled Leadership for Transformation: The Impact of Worldviews. It is also the subject matter of this issue's symposium, in which we bring you the four papers and the response presented at the conference. Members of the panel were characterized by gender, disciplinary, religious, and global diversity.Nathan Harter, organizational leadership professor at Purdue University in the United States, begins the discussion with some preliminary remarks about worldviews. Ali Mohammed Mir, medical doctor and director of programs of Population Council, Pakistan, speaks of leadership from an Islamic perspective. Michael Jones, accomplished composer, pianist, and leadership educator, writer, and speaker from Orillia, Canada, reflects on how a “marriage of mythos and logos” can transform leadership today. Lisa Ncube, originally from Zimbabwe and currently assistant professor of organizational leadership at Purdue University, speaks about Ubuntu as an alternative leadership philosophy emerging from Africa. John Valk, associate professor of worldview studies at Renaissance College, University of New Brunswick, Canada, speaks of leadership for transformation from a Christian worldview perspective. Jonathan Reams, associate professor in the Department of Education at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology in Trondheim, responds to all of the papers and opens a venue for further discussion.We hope that you will find this symposium engaging. We hope it will give food for thought and that it might stimulate further thinking regarding the role worldviews play in leadership for transformation.
Hepatitis C infection, Cognition, and inflammation in an Egyptian sample
Authors: Farag Noha H. , Rashed Hebat‐Allah , Hassan Magda , Darweesh Alaa , Shehata Mohamed , Hassanein Tarek , Mills Paul J. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractChronic hepatitis C (HCV) infection is associated with cognitive impairments which might be mediated through a secondary inflammatory cascade. Egypt has an unusually high prevalence of HCV monoinfections and is an ideal site for the study of the isolated effects of HCV infection. Therefore, in a hospital‐based cross‐sectional study based in Egypt, this study compared cognitive functioning and serum markers of inflammation in 11 HCV positive cases and 14 HCV negative controls. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test was used to assess cognitive flexibility and the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test‐Revised was used to assess learning and memory. Circulating levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor II (sTNFR‐II), monocyte chemotactic protein‐1 (MCP‐1/CCL2), and soluble CD14 (sCD14) were determined as indices of inflammation. HCV positive cases had higher levels of sTNFR‐II (t = −3.5, P = 0.002). HCV positive cases also had significantly worse cognitive flexibility with higher number of total errors (t = −2.18, P = 0.04), and preservative responses (t = −2.12, P = 0.05), and lower number of conceptual level responses (t = 1.32, P = 0.04) on the Wisconsin Card Sorting test. In conclusion, results from this pilot study indicate that HCV+ patients have worse cognitive performance and somewhat greater inflammatory activity as compared to controls. The increased inflammation may be associated with the cognitive impairments observed in these HCV+ patients. J. Med. Virol. 83:261–266, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genetic characterization of bulgarian rotavirus isolates and detection of rotavirus variants: challenges for the rotavirus vaccine program?
Authors: Mladenova Zornitsa , Iturriza‐Gomara Miren , Esona Mathew D. , Gray James , Korsun Neli 
Published: December 2010

AbstractAnnually 20–70% of all hospital admissions and 20% of fatal diarrhea cases among children less than 5 years of age occur due to severe rotavirus diarrhea. Universal immunization is the major strategy aimed at controlling rotavirus infection. The main objective of the present study was to elucidate the evolutionary relationships of the most common rotavirus strains co‐circulating in Bulgaria. The sequence and phylogenetic analysis revealed strain diversity and circulation of different rotavirus variants belonging to a single genotype. A mutated G4P[8] strain with the insertion of an asparagine residue in position 76; G2, G9, and G1 variants with amino acid substitutions in the antigenic regions A, B, and/or C were all identified in this study in the absence of an immunization program. Rotavirus strain surveillance in both the pre‐ and post‐vaccine eras is of increasing importance in order to assess the effectiveness of the rotavirus vaccines for protection against disease associated with a diverse population of rotavirus strains. J. Med. Virol. 83:348–356, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular characterization of hepatitis B virus isolates from Zimbabwean blood donors
Authors: Gulube Zandiswa , Chirara Michael , Kew Michael , Tanaka Yasuhito , Mizokami Masashi , Kramvis Anna 
Published: December 2010

AbstractHepatitis B virus (HBV) is endemic in Africa, being hyperendemic in sub‐Saharan Africa. Genotypes A, D, and E circulate in Africa, showing a distinct geographical distribution. The aim of the present study was to determine the HBV genotype distribution in blood donors from different geographical locations in Zimbabwe. Using a restriction fragment polymorphism assay, sequencing of the basic core promoter/precore region and of the complete S open reading frame showed that 29 HBV isolates from geographically distinct regions belong to subgenotype A1. The complete genome of two of these Zimbabwean HBV isolates was sequenced. Forty‐four percent of the Zimbabwean HBV isolates (11/23) were characterized by a G1862C missense mutation, which causes a Val to Leu amino acid substitution at position 17 of the precore region. The majority of Zimbabwean HBV isolates clustered with a number of South African HBV isolates, with which they shared characteristic amino acids in the preS1, preS2, and polymerase spacer regions. The wide distribution of subgenotype in Africa, as well as the high intragroup divergence and the geographical clustering of the African and Asian subgenotype A1 HBV isolates indicate that this subgenotype has a long period of endemicity in these regions. J. Med. Virol. 83:235–244, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.