bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan E-Module Pola Bilangan Berbasis Kearifan Budaya Lokal Suku Dayak
Authors: Anawati Yusi , Pratama Ryan Angga , Sari Tri Hariyati Nur Indah 
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini ditalarbelakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis peserta didik kelas VII MTsN 1 Pesisir Selatan. Pentingnya pemahaman konsep harus didukung juga dengan kemampuan peserta didik dalam menerima pembelajaran. Kemampuan ini diperlukan ketekunan self regulated learning atau kemandirian belajar peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan pemahaman konsep peserta didik yang ditinjau dari self regulated learning. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan metode deskriptif yang menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling (sampel bertujuan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa self regulated learning peserta didik pada tingkat kemandirian belajar tinggi sudah mampu menguasai indikator kemampuan pemahaman konsep dengan baik. Pada tingkat kemandirian sedang, dapat dikatakan bahwa kemampuan pemahaman konsep peserta didik ini sudah cukup baik. Sedangkan pada tingkat kemandirian belajar rendah, dalam kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis peserta didik masih kurang. Dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa peserta didik pada kemandirian belajar tinggi maka kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematisnya akan baik. sedangkan peserta didik yang berkemandirian belajar rendah, kemampuan pemahaman konsepnya pada kategori kurang baik.

The development of science and technology is increasing which influences the younger generation of Indonesia on their local culture. One of the cultural heritages in East Borneo comes from the Dayak ethnic. In this regard, the existence of culture needs to be maintained for the nation's successors and must be instilled from an early age, one of which is through education. This research aims to produce Local Wisdom of the Dayak Tribe-based Mathematics E-Module on Number Pattern material that is valid, practical, and effective. This research involved 60 students of VIII Grade of Public Junior High School 23 Balikpapan. As for the results of the study, the average validity reached a percentage of 88.85% in the Very Valid category, the practicality reached a percentage of 94.67% in the Very Practical category, and the effectiveness of student responses reached a percentage of 85.98% in the Very Effective category, the result outcome learning above the MCC reaches 90% in the Very Effective category, and the N-Gain score reaches 0.63 in the Medium category. Thus, it can be concluded that the development of a Local Wisdom of the Dayak Tribe-based Mathematics E-Module is feasible to implement.
Citrate-buffered Yamanaka medium allows to produce high-yield bacterial nanocellulose in static culture using Komagataeibacter strains isolated from apple cider vinegar
Authors: Núñez Dariela , Oyarzún Patricio , Cáceres Rodrigo , Elgueta Elizabeth , Gamboa Maribet 
Published: May 2024

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a sustainable, renewable, and eco-friendly nanomaterial, which has gained great attentions in both academic and industrial fields. Two bacterial nanocellulose-producing strains (CVV and CVN) were isolated from apple vinegar sources, presenting high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities (96%–98%) with Komagataeibacter species. The biofilm was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealing the presence of rod-shaped bacteria intricately embedded in the polymeric matrix composed of nanofibers of bacterial nanocellulose. FTIR spectrum and XRD pattern additionally confirmed the characteristic chemical structure associated with this material. The yields and productivities achieved during 10 days of fermentation were compared with Komagataeibacter xylinus ATCC 53524, resulting in low levels of BNC production. However, a remarkable increase in the BNC yield was achieved for CVV (690% increase) and CVN (750% increase) strains at day 6 of the fermentation upon adding 22 mM citrate buffer into the medium. This effect is mainly attributed to the buffering capacity of the modified Yakamana medium, which allowed to maintain pH close to 4.0 until day 6, though in combination with additional factors including stimulation of the gluconeogenesis pathway and citrate assimilation as a carbon source. In addition, the productivities determined for both isolated strains (0.850 and 0.917 g L−1 d−1) compare favorably to previous works, supporting current efforts to improve fermentation performance in static cultures and the feasibility of scaling-up BNC production in these systems.
Theaflavin −3,3'-digallate/ethanol: a novel cross-linker for stabilizing dentin collagen
Authors: Chen Zhiyong , Wei Yingxian , Liang Likun , Wang Xu , Peng Fangfei , Liang Yiying , Huang Xin , Yan Kaiqi , Gao Yunxia , Li Kangjing , Huang Xiaoman , Jiang Xinglu , Chen Wenxia 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesTo study the ability of theaflavin-3,3’-digallate (TF3)/ethanol solution to crosslink demineralized dentin collagen, resist collagenase digestion, and explore the potential mechanism.MethodsFully demineralized dentin blocks were prepared using human third molars that were caries-free. Then, these blocks were randomly allocated into 14 separate groups (n = 6), namely, control, ethanol, 5% glutaraldehyde (GA), 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/ml TF3/ethanol solution groups. Each group was further divided into two subgroups based on crosslinking time: 30 and 60 s. The efficacy and mechanism of TF3’s interaction with dentin type I collagen were predicted through molecular docking. The cross-linking, anti-enzymatic degradation, and biomechanical properties were studied by weight loss, hydroxyproline release, scanning/transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM), in situ zymography, surface hardness, thermogravimetric analysis, and swelling ratio. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy were utilized to explore its mechanisms. Statistical analysis was performed using one and two-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s test.ResultsTF3/ethanol solution could effectively crosslink demineralized dentin collagen and improve its resistance to collagenase digestion and biomechanical properties (p &lt; 0.05), showing concentration and time dependence. The effect of 25 and 50 mg/ml TF3/ethanol solution was similar to that of 5% GA, whereas the 100 mg/mL TF3/ethanol solution exhibited better performance (p &lt; 0.05). TF3 and dentin type I collagen are mainly cross-linked by hydrogen bonds, and there may be covalent and hydrophobic interactions.ConclusionTF3 has the capability to efficiently cross-link demineralized dentin collagen, enhancing its resistance to collagenase enzymatic hydrolysis and biomechanical properties within clinically acceptable timeframes (30 s/60 s). Additionally, it exhibits promise in enhancing the longevity of dentin adhesion.
Radioactive iodine refractoriness in Middle Eastern differentiated thyroid cancer: clinical outcome and risk factor analysis
Authors: Parvathareddy Sandeep Kumar , Siraj Abdul K. , Siraj Nabil , Ahmed Saeeda O. , Al-Rasheed Maha , Qadri Zeeshan , Siddiqui Khawar , Al-Sobhi Saif S. , Al-Dayel Fouad , Al-Kuraya Khawla S. 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundRadioactive iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RAIR-DTC) has received increasing attention due to its poor prognosis. However, outcomes may vary among patients with RAIR-DTC. The role of clinico-pathological and molecular prognostic factors in survival remains controversial, resulting in difficulty in selecting patients for new targeted therapies. We assessed mortality rate and DTC-specific survival in Middle Eastern RAIR-DTC to identify prognostic factors associated with survival.MethodsThis single center, retrospective study enrolled 268 patients with RAIR-DTC. Mortality rate and DTC-specific survival were analyzed to identify prognostic factors related to survival. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed using Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsOf the 268 cases of RAIR-DTC, 40.3% (108/268) had absent 131I uptake (either on diagnostic or post-therapy whole body scan), 15.3% (41/268) had progressive disease (PD) despite 131I, 7.5% (20/268) had persistent disease despite cumulative activity of I131 of &gt;600 mCi and 36.9% (n=99/268) developed distant metastasis. On multivariate analysis, age (more than 45 years), presence of metastatic disease and tumors harboring telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutations were independent prognostic factors for poor DTC-specific survival. Subjects were divided into 3 groups according to the number of risk factors; low risk (no risk factors); intermediate (≤ 2 risk factors); and high risk (all the 3 risk factors). Ten-year DTC-specific survival rates in low, intermediate and high-risk groups were 100.0%, 92.9% and 53.6%, respectively.ConclusionsThe contribution of age greater than 45 years to RAIR-DTC mortality is impactful. Older age, presence of distant metastasis and TERT mutations could be used as early predictors of RAIR-DTC cases. The identification of prognostic factors for poor survival in RAIR-DTC may improve the selection of patients for more personalized surveillance and therapeutic modalities.
Metabolomic profiling of Prader-Willi syndrome compared with essential obesity
Authors: Rigamonti Antonello E. , Polledri Elisa , Favero Chiara , Caroli Diana , Bondesan Adele , Grugni Graziano , Mai Stefania , Cella Silvano G. , Fustinoni Silvia , Sartorio Alessandro 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionPrader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare disease, which shows a peculiar clinical phenotype, including obesity, which is different from essential obesity (EOB). Metabolomics might represent a valuable tool to reveal the biochemical mechanisms/pathways underlying clinical differences between PWS and EOB. The aim of the present (case-control, retrospective) study was to determine the metabolomic profile that characterizes PWS compared to EOB.MethodsA validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) targeted metabolomic approach was used to measure a total of 188 endogenous metabolites in plasma samples of 32 patients with PWS (F/M = 23/9; age: 31.6 ± 9.2 years; body mass index [BMI]: 42.1 ± 7.0 kg/m2), compared to a sex-, age- and BMI-matched group of patients with EOB (F/M = 23/9; age: 31.4 ± 6.9 years; BMI: 43.5 ± 3.5 kg/m2).ResultsBody composition in PWS was different when compared to EOB, with increased fat mass and decreased fat-free mass. Glycemia and HDL cholesterol were higher in patients with PWS than in those with EOB, while insulinemia was lower, as well as heart rate. Resting energy expenditure was lower in the group with PWS than in the one with EOB, a difference that was missed after fat-free mass correction. Carrying out a series of Tobit multivariable linear regressions, adjusted for sex, diastolic blood pressure, and C reactive protein, a total of 28 metabolites was found to be associated with PWS (vs. non-PWS, i.e., EOB), including 9 phosphatidylcholines (PCs) ae, 5 PCs aa, all PCs aa, 7 lysoPCs a, all lysoPCs, 4 acetylcarnitines, and 1 sphingomyelin, all of which were higher in PWS than EOB.ConclusionsPWS exhibits a specific metabolomic profile when compared to EOB, suggesting a different regulation of some biochemical pathways, fundamentally related to lipid metabolism.
Ecological construction status of photovoltaic power plants in China’s deserts
Authors: Wang Yimeng , Liu Benli , Xing Yu , Peng Huaiwu , Wu Hui , Zhong Jianping 
Published: May 2024

Solar photovoltaic (PV) is one of the most environmental-friendly and promising resources for achieving carbon peak and neutrality targets. Despite their ecological fragility, China’s vast desert regions have become the most promising areas for PV plant development due to their extensive land area and relatively low utilization value. Artificial ecological measures in the PV plants can reduce the environmental damage caused by the construction activity and promote the ecological condition of fragile desert ecosystems, therefore yield both ecological and economic benefits. However, the understanding of the current status and ecological benefits of this approach in existing desert PV plants is limited. Here we surveyed 40 PV plants in northern China’s deserts to identify the ecological construction modes and their influencing factors. We quantified the ecosystem service value (ESV) provided by these PV plants using remote sensing data and estimated the potential for ESV enhancement. Our results show that PV plant construction in desert regions can significantly improve the ecosystem, even with natural restoration measures (M1) alone, resulting in a 74% increase in average fractional vegetation cover (FVC) during the growing season, although the maximum average FVC of only about 10%. The integrated mode M4, which combined artificial vegetation planting M2 and sand control measures M3, further enhance the average growing season FVC to 14.53%. Currently, 22.5% of plants lack ecological measures, 40% employ only a single measure, but 92% of new plants since 2017 have adopted at least one ecological construction mode. The main influencing factors include surface type, policy support, water resources, ecological construction costs, and scientific management guidance. If artificial ecological construction were incorporated, a significant ESV could be achieved in these PV plants, reaching $8.9 million (a 7.7-fold increase) if assuming a targeted 50% vegetation coverage. This study provides evidence for evaluating the ecological benefit and planning of large-scale PV farms in deserts.
Characterization of melanin from Exophiala mesophila with the prospect of potential biotechnological applications
Authors: Medina-Armijo Cristy , Yousef Ibraheem , Berná Antonio , Puerta Anna , Esteve-Núñez Abraham , Viñas Marc , Prenafeta-Boldú Francesc X. 
Published: May 2024

IntroducionFungal melanin is an underexplored natural biomaterial of great biotechnological interest in different areas. This study investigated the physical, chemical, electrochemical, and metal-binding properties of melanin extracted from the metallotolerant black fungus Exophiala mesophila strain IRTA-M2-F10.Materials and methodsSpecific inhibitory studies with tricyclazole and biochemical profiling of whole cells by synchrotron radiation-based Fourier-transform infrared spectral microscopy (SR-FTIRM) were performed. An optimized extraction protocol was implemented, and purified fungal melanin was characterized using an array of spectrophotometric techniques (UV-Vis, FTIR, and EPR) and by cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments. The metal-binding capacity of melanin extracts was also assessed by using Cr(VI) as a model heavy metal.ResultsInhibitory studies indicated that 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene may be the main precursor molecule of E. mesophila melanin (DHN-melanin). The biochemical characterization of fungal melanin extracts were benchmarked against those from two melanins comprising the precursor molecule L-3,4-dihydroxiphenylalanine (DOPA-melanin): extracts from the ink of the cephalopod Sepia officinalis and DOPA-melanin synthesized in the laboratory. The CV results of melanin extracts incubated with and without cell suspensions of the electroconductive bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens were indicative of novel semiquinone/hydroquinone redox transformations specific for each melanin type. These interactions may play an important role in cation exchange for the adsorption of metals and in microbial interspecies electron transfer processes.DiscussionThe obtained results provided further evidence for the DHN-nature of E. mesophila melanin. The FTIR profiling of melanin extracts exposed to Cr(VI), compared to unexposed melanin, resulted in useful information on the distinct surface-binding properties of fungal melanin. The parameters of the Langmuir and Freundlicht isotherms for the adsorption of Cr(VI) were determined and compared to bibliographic data. Altogether, the inherent properties of fungal melanin suggest its promising potential as a biomaterial for environmental applications.
Genotype-based “virtual” metabolomics in a clinical biobank identifies novel metabolite-disease associations
Authors: Bagheri Minoo , Bombin Andrei , Shi Mingjian , Murthy Venkatesh L. , Shah Ravi , Mosley Jonathan D. , Ferguson Jane F. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Circulating metabolites act as biomarkers of dysregulated metabolism and may inform disease pathophysiology. A portion of the inter-individual variability in circulating metabolites is influenced by common genetic variation. We evaluated whether a genetics-based “virtual” metabolomics approach can identify novel metabolite-disease associations.Methods: We examined the association between polygenic scores for 724 metabolites with 1,247 clinical phenotypes in the BioVU DNA biobank, comprising 57,735 European ancestry and 15,754 African ancestry participants. We applied Mendelian randomization (MR) to probe significant relationships and validated significant MR associations using independent GWAS of candidate phenotypes.Results and Discussion: We found significant associations between 336 metabolites and 168 phenotypes in European ancestry and 107 metabolites and 56 phenotypes in African ancestry. Of these metabolite-disease pairs, MR analyses confirmed associations between 73 metabolites and 53 phenotypes in European ancestry. Of 22 metabolitephenotype pairs evaluated for replication in independent GWAS, 16 were significant (false discovery rate p &lt; 0.05). These included associations between bilirubin and X–21796 with cholelithiasis, phosphatidylcholine (16:0/22:5n3,18:1/20:4) and arachidonate with inflammatory bowel disease and Crohn’s disease, and campesterol with coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. These associations may represent biomarkers or potentially targetable mediators of disease risk.
The cholera toxin B subunit induces trained immunity in dendritic cells and promotes CD8 T cell antitumor immunity
Authors: Tepale-Segura Araceli , Gajón Julián A. , Muñoz-Cruz Samira , Castro-Escamilla Octavio , Bonifaz Laura C. 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionInnate immune training is a metabolic, functional, and epigenetic long-term reprogramming of innate cells triggered by different stimuli. This imprinting also reaches hematopoietic precursors in the bone marrow to sustain a memory-like phenotype. Dendritic cells (DCs) can exhibit memory-like responses, enhanced upon subsequent exposure to a pathogen; however, whether this imprinting is lineage and stimulus-restricted is still being determined. Nevertheless, the functional consequences of DCs training on the adaptive and protective immune response against non-infectious diseases remain unresolved.MethodsWe evaluated the effect of the nontoxic cholera B subunit (CTB), LPS and LTA in the induction of trained immunity in murine DCs revealed by TNFa and LDH expression, through confocal microscopy. Additionally, we obtained bone marrow DCs (BMDCs) from mice treated with CTB, LPS, and LTA and evaluated training features in DCs and their antigen-presenting cell capability using multiparametric cytometry. Finally, we design an experimental melanoma mouse model to demonstrate protection induced by CTB-trained DCs in vivo.ResultsCTB-trained DCs exhibit increased expression of TNFa, and metabolic reprogramming indicated by LDH expression. Moreover, CTB training has an imprint on DC precursors, increasing the number and antigen-presenting function in BMDCs. We found that training by CTB stimulates the recruitment of DC precursors and DCs infiltration at the skin and lymph nodes. Interestingly, training-induced by CTB promotes a highly co-stimulatory phenotype in tumor-infiltrating DCs (CD86+) and a heightened functionality of exhausted CD8 T cells (Ki67+, GZMB+), which were associated with a protective response against melanoma challenge in vivo.ConclusionOur work indicates that CTB can induce innate immune training on DCs, which turns into an efficient adaptive immune response in the melanoma model and might be a potential immunotherapeutic approach for tumor growth control.
Antibody responses in blood and saliva post COVID-19 bivalent booster do not reveal an Omicron BA.4/BA.5- specific response
Authors: Baker Ryan , Lawlor Rebecca , Smith Maeve , Price Jessica , Eaton Ashley , Lover Andrew , Alfandari Dominique , Reinhart Peter , Arcaro Kathleen F. , Osborne Barbara A. 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionCurrent SARS-CoV-2 strains continue to mutate and attempt to evade the antibody response elicited by previous exposures and vaccinations. In September of 2022, the first updated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, designed to create immune responses specific for the variants circulating in 2022, were approved. These new vaccines, known commonly as the bivalent boost(er), include mRNA that encodes both the original Wuhan-Hu-1 spike protein as well as the spike protein specific to the Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 variants.MethodsWe recruited volunteers from University of Massachusetts student, faculty and staff members to provide samples of blood and saliva at four different time points, including pre-boost and three times post boost and analyzed samples for antibody production as well as neutralization of virus.ResultsOur data provide a comprehensive analysis of the antibody response following a single dose of the bivalent boost over a 6-month period and support previous findings that the response induced after the bivalent boost does not create a strong BA.4/BA.5-specific antibody response.ConclusionWe found no evidence of a specific anti-BA.4/BA.5 response developing over time, including in a sub-population of individuals who become infected after a single dose of the bivalent booster. Additionally, we present data that support the use of saliva samples as a reliable alternative to blood for antibody detection against specific SARS-CoV-2 antigens.
A randomized, double-blinded, phase 2 trial of EDP1815, an oral immunomodulatory preparation of Prevotella histicola, in adults with mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis
Authors: Ehst Benjamin D. , Strober Bruce , Blauvelt Andrew , Maslin Douglas , Macaro Debbie , Carpenter Nancy , Bodmer Mark , McHale Duncan 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. EDP1815 is an oral, gut-restricted preparation of non-live Prevotella histicola, the first of a new immunomodulatory therapeutic class targeting the small intestine to generate systemic anti-inflammatory responses.ObjectiveTo evaluate safety and efficacy of EDP1815 in mild-to-moderate psoriasis in a proof-of-concept study.MethodsA phase 2, multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study with a 16-week treatment period and up to 24 weeks of follow-up. Participants were randomized to receive 1, 4, or 10 capsules daily.ResultsEDP1815 was well tolerated with comparable rates of treatment-emergent adverse events to placebo, and no drug-related serious adverse events. Clinically meaningful responses to EDP1815, defined as at least 50% reduction in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI-50) at week 16, were observed in all 3 cohorts, statistically significant in the 1-capsule (29.7%; P = 0.048) and 4-capsule (31.9%; P = 0.022) groups, compared with placebo (12.1%). Among EDP1815-treated PASI-50 responders at week 16, 60% (18/30) maintained or improved off-treatment responses at week 40.LimitationsContinued off-treatment improvement past 16 weeks shows potential for greater therapeutic benefit that was not assessed.ConclusionEDP1815 was well-tolerated with a placebo-like safety profile, and had meaningful efficacy outcomes in psoriasis, validating this novel immunomodulatory approach.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.clinicaltrials.gov/search?term=NCT04603027, identifier NCT04603027.