bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multicolor Electrochromic Metamaterials Based on Mie Scatterer Nanospheres
Authors: Zhao Yanlong , Jiang Qinyuan , Wu Xueke , Gao Di , Zhu Ping , Li Yunrui , Wang Fei , Huang Ya , Li Run , Zhao Siming , Zhao Zhuojing , Xi Aike , Wang Baoshun , Zhang Rufan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractElectrochromic materials (ECMs), the colors of which can be electrically modulated by small driving voltages with a unique open‐circuit memory effect, are in great demand in various application fields. However, traditional ECMs exhibit a narrow modulation range of color gamut under the electric stimulus, owing to the monotonous chemical coloration in an absorption manner. Multicolor ECMs with optical nanostructures can greatly extend the color gamut by incorporating complex optical interactions such as interference and diffraction. Mie scatterer nanospheres (MSNSs) are a kind of nanospheres with unique optical structures that can simply exhibit and change vivid structural colors by adjusting their diameters. Herein, this work reports multicolor ECMs based on MSNSs with polymer shells of poly‐3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) and poly‐pyrrole (PPY). They possess a superior optical modulation capability with a wide color gamut, a fast response rate, a visible‐angle‐independence, etc. Additionally, a nano‐dispersion strategy is used to prepare mixed electrochromic pigments with a nanoscale uniformity, further broadening the color gamut tunability. Simulations in wave optics and Mie scattering theory are conducted to unveil the multicolor modulation mechanism, demonstrating the interactions of MSNSs with incident lights. This work provides a feasible approach for fabricating multicolor ECMs with more application potential.
Recent Advances in the Enantioselective Construction of gem‐Difluorinated Carbonyl Moieties
Authors: Li Xin , Song Qiuling 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe enantioselective introduction of gem‐difluorinated carbonyl (i. e. α,α‐difluoro carbonyl) moieties into organic structures is a synthetically valuable but highly challenging approach. During the past decades, continuous efforts have been made for the developments of synthetic strategies for constructing C(sp3)−CF2COR chiral centers with high levels of enantioselectivities. This review summarizes and discusses the recent advance in the enantioselective construction of gem‐difluorinated carbonyl moieties, which are organized according to the reaction categories.
Minimal‐Invasive 3D Laser Printing of Microimplants in Organismo
Authors: Afting Cassian , Mainik Philipp , Vazquez‐Martel Clara , Abele Tobias , Kaul Verena , Kale Girish , Göpfrich Kerstin , Lemke Steffen , Blasco Eva , Wittbrodt Joachim 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMulti‐photon 3D laser printing has gathered much attention in recent years as a means of manufacturing biocompatible scaffolds that can modify and guide cellular behavior in vitro. However, in vivo tissue engineering efforts have been limited so far to the implantation of beforehand 3D printed biocompatible scaffolds and in vivo bioprinting of tissue constructs from bioinks containing cells, biomolecules, and printable hydrogel formulations. Thus, a comprehensive 3D laser printing platform for in vivo and in situ manufacturing of microimplants raised from synthetic polymer‐based inks is currently missing. Here, a platform for minimal‐invasive manufacturing of microimplants directly in the organism is presented by one‐photon photopolymerization and multi‐photon 3D laser printing. Employing a commercially available elastomeric ink giving rise to biocompatible synthetic polymer‐based microimplants, first applicational examples of biological responses to in situ printed microimplants are demonstrated in the teleost fish Oryzias latipes and in embryos of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. This provides a framework for future studies addressing the suitability of inks for in vivo 3D manufacturing. The platform bears great potential for the direct engineering of the intricate microarchitectures in a variety of tissues in model organisms and beyond.
Lattice Symmetry‐Guided Charge Transport in 2D Supramolecular Polymers Promotes Triplet Formation
Authors: Emmanuele Ruggero , Sai Hiroaki , Chen Jia‐Shiang , Morrow Darien J. , Đorđević Luka , Gosztola David J. , Hla Saw Wai , Stupp Samuel I. , Ma Xuedan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSinglet‐to‐triplet intersystem crossing (ISC) in organic molecules is intimately connected with their geometries: by modifying the molecular shape, symmetry selection rules pertaining to spin‐orbit coupling can be partially relieved, leading to extra matrix elements for increased ISC. As an analog to this molecular design concept, the study finds that the lattice symmetry of supramolecular polymers also defines their triplet formation efficiencies. A supramolecular polymer self‐assembled from weakly interacting molecules is considered. Its 2D oblique unit cell effectively renders it as a coplanar array of 1D molecular columns weakly bound to each other. Using momentum‐resolved photoluminescence imaging in combination with Monte Carlo simulations, the study found that photogenerated charge carriers in the supramolecular polymer predominantly recombine as spin‐uncorrelated carrier pairs through inter‐column charge transfer states. This lattice‐defined recombination pathway leads to a substantial triplet formation efficiency (≈60%) in the supramolecular polymer. These findings suggest that lattice symmetry of micro‐/macroscopic structures relying on intermolecular interactions can be strategized for controlled triplet formation.
Effective Charging of Commercial Lithium Cell by Triboelectric Nanogenerator with Ultrahigh Voltage Energy Management
Authors: Dai Yiming , Liu Guoxu , Cao Jie , Fan Beibei , Zhou Weilin , Li Yongbo , Yang Jun , Li Ming , Zeng Jianhua , Chen Yuanfen , Wang Zhong Lin , Zhang Chi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIt is an increasingly mature application solution that triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) supplies power to electronic devices through its power management system (PMS). However, the previous PMS is able to manage a limited voltage magnitude and the energy storage elements are limited to capacitors. This work proposes an ultrahigh voltage PMS (UV‐PMS) to realize the charging of commercial lithium cells (LCs) by TENG. The design of UV‐PMS enables energy management of TENGs with ultrahigh open‐circuit voltages up to 3500 V and boosts the peak charging current from 30.9 µA to 2.77 mA, an increase of 89.64 times. With the introduction of UV‐PMS, the effective charging capacity of LC charged by a TENG at a working frequency of 1.5 Hz for 1 h comes to 429.7 µAh, making a 75.3 times enhancement compared to charging by TENG directly. The maximum charging power comes to 1.56 mW. The energy storage efficiency is above 97% and the overall charge efficiency can be maintained at 81.2%. This work provides a reliable strategy for TENG to store energy in LC, and has promising applications in energy storage, LC's life, and self‐powered systems.
Reductive C−N Bond Formation of Nitroarenes Using Pd@rGO‐CuFe2O4 Magnetic Nanoparticles in Water towards the Synthesis of N‐Aryl Formamide and Azole Derivatives
Authors: Patel Chandresh K. , Kant Kamal , Teli Yaqoob A. , Banerjee Sourav , Naik Priyadarshini , Sharma Vishal , Keremane Kavya S. , Al‐Sadoon Mohammad K. , Singh Virender , Malakar Chandi C. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract.Reductive C−N bond generation strategies of nitroarenes to form N‐arylformamide and azole derivatives were developed under the influences of magnetically separable Pd@rGO‐CuFe2O4 nanoparticle‐catalyzed reaction conditions. These reactions proceed at a very low catalyst loading in H2O as the solvent, which leads to a higher percentage of yields (up to 96 %) of the products. The catalyst is recovered from the reaction medium by using an external magnet and recycled for four consecutive reaction cycles with a less amounts of leaching.
The endocast morphology of LES1, Homo naledi
Authors: Hurst Shawn D. , Holloway Ralph L. , Balzeau Antoine , Garvin Heather M. , Vanti William B. , Berger Lee R. , Hawks John 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesHomo naledi is near the extreme of small brain size within Homo but is easily recognized as Homo in other aspects of endocast morphology. This study adds new evidence of the endocast morphology of H. naledi by describing the Lesedi Hominin 1 (LES1) endocranium from the Lesedi Chamber and compares it to the previously known H. naledi individual Dinaledi Hominin 3 (DH3) as well as other hominin taxa.Materials and MethodsWe examined interlandmark distances with both univariate and multivariate methods in multiple hominin taxa and both species of Pan. For each distance, we compared groups using adjusted Z‐scores (Azs). Our multivariate analyses included both principal component analyses (PCA) and linear discriminant analyses (LDA).ResultsDH3 and LES1 each have absolute third frontal convolution measures that enter the upper half of the variation for Homo sapiens, Homo erectus, and Homo neanderthalensis. Examined relative to the cube root of endocranial volume, H. naledi ranks among the highest values in these samples of Homo. Both absolute and relative values for H. naledi specimens are far above Pan, Australopithecus, and Paranthropus, suggesting an expanded Broca's area.ConclusionsBoth qualitative and quantitative analyses show consistency between LES1 and other H. naledi endocasts and confirm the shared morphology of H. naledi with H. sapiens, H. neanderthalensis, and some specimens of H. erectus.
Assessment of brain‐derived extracellular vesicle enrichment for blood biomarker analysis in age‐related neurodegenerative diseases: An international overview
Authors: Badhwar AmanPreet , Hirschberg Yael , Valle‐Tamayo Natalia , Iulita M. Florencia , Udeh‐Momoh Chinedu T. , Matton Anna , Tarawneh Rawan M. , Rissman Robert A. , Ledreux Aurélie , Winston Charisse N. , Haqqani Arsalan S. ,   for the Alzheimer's Association International Society to Advance Alzheimer's Research and Treatment: Biofluid Based Biomarkers Professional Interest Area‐Exosome Working Group (ISTAART‐BBB‐PIA‐EWG)
Published: June 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONBrain‐derived extracellular vesicles (BEVs) in blood allows for minimally‐invasive investigations of central nervous system (CNS) ‐specific markers of age‐related neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). Polymer‐based EV‐ and immunoprecipitation (IP)‐based BEV‐enrichment protocols from blood have gained popularity. We systematically investigated protocol consistency across studies, and determined CNS‐specificity of proteins associated with these protocols.METHODSNDD articles investigating BEVs in blood using polymer‐based and/or IP‐based BEV enrichment protocols were systematically identified, and protocols compared. Proteins used for BEV‐enrichment and/or post‐enrichment were assessed for CNS‐ and brain‐cell‐type‐specificity, extracellular domains (ECD+), and presence in EV‐databases.RESULTSA total of 82.1% of studies used polymer‐based (ExoQuick) EV‐enrichment, and 92.3% used L1CAM for IP‐based BEV‐enrichment. Centrifugation times differed across studies. A total of 26.8% of 82 proteins systematically identified were CNS‐specific: 50% ECD+, 77.3% were listed in EV‐databases.CONCLUSIONSWe identified protocol steps requiring standardization, and recommend additional CNS‐specific proteins that can be used for BEV‐enrichment or as BEV‐biomarkers.Highlights
Across NDDs, we identified protocols commonly used for EV/BEV enrichment from blood.
We identified protocol steps showing variability that require harmonization.
We assessed CNS‐specificity of proteins used for BEV‐enrichment or found in BEV cargo.
CNS‐specific EV proteins with ECD+ or without were identified.
We recommend evaluation of blood‐BEV enrichment using these additional ECD+ proteins.
Synergistic Modulation of Multiple Sites Boosts Anti‐Poisoning Hydrogen Electrooxidation Reaction with Ultrasmall (Pt0.9Rh0.1)3V Ternary Intermetallic Nanoparticles
Authors: Hou Yu‐Cheng , Shen Tao , Hu Kan , Wang Xue , Zheng Qing‐Na , Le Jia‐Bo , Dong Jin‐Chao , Li Jian‐Feng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPromoting the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) activity and poisoning tolerance of electrocatalysts is crucial for the large‐scale application of hydrogen‐oxygen fuel cell. However, it is severely hindered by the scaling relations among different intermediates. Herein, lattice‐contracted Pt−Rh in ultrasmall ternary L12‐(Pt0.9Rh0.1)3V intermetallic nanoparticles (~2.2 nm) were fabricated to promote the HOR performances through an oxides self‐confined growth strategy. The prepared (Pt0.9Rh0.1)3V displayed 5.5/3.7 times promotion in HOR mass/specific activity than Pt/C in pure H2 and dramatically limited activity attenuation in 1000 ppm CO/H2 mixture. In situ Raman spectra tracked the superior anti‐CO* capability as a result of compressive strained Pt, and the adsorption of oxygen‐containing species was promoted due to the dual‐functional effect. Further assisted by density functional theory calculations, both the adsorption of H* and CO* on (Pt0.9Rh0.1)3V were reduced compared with that of Pt due to lattice contraction, while the adsorption of OH* was enhanced by introducing oxyphilic Rh sites. This work provides an effective tactic to stimulate the electrocatalytic performances by optimizing the adsorption of different intermediates severally.
Lithium Hydride in the Solid Electrolyte Interphase of Lithium‐Ion Batteries as a Pulverization Accelerator of Silicon
Authors: Sun Jinran , Chen Guodong , Wang Bo , Li Jiedong , Xu Gaojie , Wu Tianyuan , Tang Yongfu , Dong Shanmu , Huang Jianyu , Cui Guanglei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs a highly promising next‐generation high‐specific capacity anode, the industrial‐scale utilization of micron silicon has been hindered by the issue of pulverization during cycling. Although numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of regulating the inorganic components of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) in improving pulverization, the evolution of most key inorganic components in the SEI and their correlation with silicon failure mechanisms remain ambiguous. This study provides a clear and direct correlation between the lithium hydride (LiH) in the SEI and the degree of micron silicon pulverization in the battery system. The reverse lithiation behavior of LiH on micron silicon during de‐lithiation exacerbates the localized stress in silicon particles and contributes to particle pulverization. This work successfully proposes a novel approach to decouple the SEI from electrochemical performance, which can be significant to decipher the evolution of critical SEI components at varied battery anode interfaces and analyze their corresponding failure mechanisms.
A Facile Strategy for Constructing High‐Performance Polymer Electrolytes via Anion Modification and Click Chemistry for Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries
Authors: Sun Yukun , Pan Ming , Wang Yuanhao , Hu Anyi , Zhou Qinnan , Zhang Duo , Zhang Shuxin , Zhao Yazhen , Wang Yaru , Chen Shaopeng , Zhou Miao , Chen Yan , Yang Jun , Wang nJiulin , NuLi Yanna 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPolymer electrolytes play a crucial role in advancing rechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs) owing to their exceptional characteristics, including high flexibility, superior interface compatibility, broad electrochemical stability window, and enhanced safety features. Despite these advantages, research in this domain remains nascent, plagued by single preparation approaches and challenges associated with the compatibility between polymer electrolytes and Mg metal anode. In this study, we present a novel synthesis strategy to fabricate a glycerol α,α′‐diallyl ether‐3,6‐dioxa‐1,8‐octanedithiol‐based composite gel polymer electrolyte supported by glass fiber substrate (GDT@GF CGPE) through anion modification and thiol‐ene click chemistry polymerization. The developed route exhibits novelty and high efficiency, leading to the production of GDT@GF CGPEs featuring exceptional mechanical properties, heightened ionic conductivity, elevated Mg2+ transference number, and commendable compatibility with Mg anode. The assembled modified Mo6S8||GDT@GF||Mg cells exhibit outstanding performance across a wide temperature range and address critical safety concerns, showcasing the potential for applications under extreme conditions. Our innovative preparation strategy offers a promising avenue for the advancement of polymer electrolytes in high‐performance rechargeable magnesium batteries, while also opens up possibilities for future large‐scale applications and the development of flexible electronic devices.
Enantioselective Relay Coupling of Perfluoroalkyl and Vinylogous Ketyl Radicals
Authors: Zhao Yuxin , Zhang Yichi , Huang Yong 
Published: June 2024

Abstractβ‐Chiral carboxylic acids and their derivatives are highly valuable structural motifs in the fields of asymmetric synthesis and medicinal chemistry. However, the introduction of a sterically demanding sidechain to the β‐carbon, such as an all‐carbon quaternary center, remains a significant challenge in classical polar processes. Recently, N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) mediated coupling reactions involving persistent ketyl radicals have emerged as a promising strategy to assemble highly crowded carbon‐carbon bonds. Nevertheless, achieving enantioselectivity in these reactions remains highly challenging. In this work, we report our recent progress in controlling enantioselectivity for relay coupling of perfluoroalkyl and persistent vinylogous ketyl radicals. We developed a chiral bifunctional NHC‐squaramide catalyst that achieves high facial selectivity in a critical bond‐forming event involving the coupling of a congested tertiary carbon radical and vinylogous ketyl radical. Chiral carboxylates bearing an all‐carbon quaternary center at the β‐position can be prepared in good yield and excellent enantiomeric excess. Results from density functional theory (DFT) calculations and nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) experiments indicate that the N,N’‐diaryl squaramide motif adopts an unusual syn‐syn conformation, enabling hydrogen bonding interactions with the enolate oxygen, thereby rigidifying the overall conformation of the transition state.
Rational Understanding Hydroxide Diffusion Mechanism in Anion Exchange Membranes during Electrochemical Processes with RDAnalyzer
Authors: Ma Lunliang , Wang Tao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEnhancing the understanding of hydroxide transport mechanisms in anion exchange membranes (AEMs) is beneficial for the rational design of high‐performance AEMs in the renewable energy system. However, the high complexity and lack of adequate analytic tools make it challenging to clarify different mechanisms unambiguously. Herein, we developed an in‐house toolkit, the Reactive Diffusion Analyzer (RDAnalyzer), to conduct an effective analysis of hydroxide diffusion mechanisms from ReaxFF molecular dynamic simulations. Using the experimentally well‐synthesized T20NC6NC5N as a model system, we successfully decoupled the hydroxide diffusion mechanisms into free Vehicular and free Grotthuss, as well as associated Vehicular and associated Grotthuss, which was not yet achieved previously. Meanwhile, RDAnalyzer managed to specifically identify the drift length of hydroxide species for each mechanism under the electric field, which worked as a useful variable for calculating the conductivity of AEMs. Our theoretically predicted conductivity for T20NC6NC5N agrees reasonably with experimental results, indicating the reliability of RDAnalyzer. This work not only provides a rational understanding of the complex hydroxide diffusion mechanisms in AEMs but also holds the potential to guide the rational design of high‐performance AEMs with computations.
Modifying Proton Relay into Bioinspired Dye‐Based Coordination Polymer for Photocatalytic Proton‐Coupled Electron Transfer
Authors: Li Mochen , Zhang Tiexin , Shi Yusheng , He Cheng , Duan Chunying 
Published: June 2024

AbstractProton‐coupled electron transfer (PCET) imparts an energetic advantage over single electron transfer in activating inert substances. Natural PCET enzyme catalysis generally requires tripartite preorganization of proton relay, substrate‐bound active center, and redox mediator, making the processes efficient and precluding side reactions. Inspired by this, a heterogeneous photocatalytic PCET system was established to achieve higher PCET driving forces by modifying proton relays into anthraquinone‐based anionic coordination polymers. The proximally separated proton relays and photoredox‐mediating anthraquinone moiety allowed pre‐assembly of inert substrate between them, merging proton and electron into unsaturated bonds by photoreductive PCET, which enhanced reaction kinetics compared with the counter catalyst without proton relay. This photocatalytic PCET method was applied to a broad‐scoped reduction of aryl ketones, unsaturated carbonyls, and aromatic compounds. The distinctive regioselectivities for the reduction of isoquinoline derivatives were found to occur on the carbon‐ring sides. PCET‐generated radical intermediate of quinoline could be trapped by alkene for proton relay‐assisted Minisci addition, forming the pharmaceutical aza‐acenaphthene scaffold within one step. When using heteroatom(X)−H/C−H compounds as proton‐electron donors, this protocol could activate these inert bonds through photooxidative PCET to afford radicals and trap them by electron‐deficient unsaturated compounds, furnishing the direct X−H/C−H functionalization.
Recent Progress in CO Detection Probes Based on Different Fluorophores
Authors: Fang Xinkuo , Jiang Pengcheng , Yu Haitao , Qi Yanyu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCarbon monoxide (CO), a simple and well‐known toxic gas, is a naturally occurring gaseous transmitter that plays a crucial role in the regulation of physiological and pathological processes in living organisms. Usually, the development of various diseases can lead to the dysregulation of CO levels. Interestingly, CO has been shown to exert therapeutic effects in inflammation‐related disease models. Fluorescent probes for CO detection have become a vital research field in the past decades owing to their advantages of excellent selectivity, exceptional sensitivity, and real‐time in situ detection, which have been employed for the precise detection of CO in cells, tissues, and even living organisms. This paper reviews research advancements in CO fluorescent probes over the last decade, outlines the design concepts and detection mechanisms of relevant fluorescent probes, and provides design guidelines and future development prospects.
Modified cotton gauze with high hemostatic efficacy due to controllable hygroscopicity and wet tissue adhesiveness
Authors: Li Huiying , Chen Shuichang , Huang Hongjian , Fang Yan , Weng Yunxiang , Chen Qinhui , Liu Xinqing , Liu Haiqing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn circumstances of severe traumatic bleeding, urgent bleeding control is vital to the wellness and life of the wounded person. Among many hemostatic measures, gauze is widely used because of cost‐effectiveness, safety and efficiency. However, it may suck a large amount of blood before bleeding stops. Thus, advanced hemostatic gauzes less blood loss and quick hemostatic rate and is greatly demanded. Herein, a novel tissue adhesive gauze (TA‐gauze) is developed by coating a thin layer of polyethyleneimine/poly(acrylic acid) (PEI/PAA) on the plain cotton gauze. This TA‐gauze has a reduced hydrophilicity and gets a new trait of wet tissue adhesiveness from the PEI/PAA coating layer. The TA‐gauze shows much improved hemostatic performance in the rat injury models, that is, its blood loss in the rat femoral artery model is just 13% that of the cotton gauze, due to it can retard the blood movement in the gauze and at the seam of gauze/tissue through a synergistic effect of tissue adhesion and hygroscopicity. It is biocompatible and on‐demand detachable. The simple preparation procedure and high hemostatic efficiency of the TA‐gauze may promise a bright future for an ideal hemostatic dressing for bleeding control.