bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of water vapour on winter humidity‐related extreme cold events in China
Authors: Peng Yangrui , He Yongli , Wang Xiaoxia , Jia Jingjing , Huang Bo , Li Dongdong , Ji Fei , Wang Shanshan , Guan Xiaodan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWinter extreme cold events (ECEs) have profound impacts on human health, transportation, energy consumption and the economy, particularly associated with high‐humidity conditions. Recent research has indicated a growing interest in extreme temperature events that account for the presence of water vapour. However, the characteristics of humidity‐related ECEs (HECEs) remain unclear. Given the rise in atmospheric moisture due to global warming, understanding the influence of water vapour on HECEs becomes crucial. This study examined variations in HECEs identified using the wet‐bulb globe temperature (WBGT) in China during 1959–2020 and quantified the impacts of water vapour. The results revealed a decrease in the intensity and frequency of HECEs in China during this period, except for in northern China, where the intensity increased, which contrasts with the trends in traditional ECEs. Furthermore, strong HECEs were found to exhibit greater frequency, duration and intensity in northern China than weak HECEs. Additionally, the specific humidity for all categories of HECEs in China exhibited an upward trend, with a more rapid increase for strong HECEs. The findings indicated that the intensity of HECEs is positively correlated with the increase in water vapour. Defining a water vapour amplification factor revealed amplified intensity and duration at most grid points, particularly across northern China. Therefore, while winter warming reduces traditional ECEs, HECEs persist and even intensify as humidity increases, confirming significant amplification by water vapour. Our results emphasized the importance of increasing water vapour, driven by global warming, which may increase the risk of HECEs in the future.
Pediatric Cholesteatoma Follow‐Up: Residual and Recurrence in 239 Cases with Over 5‐Year Hindsight
Authors: Simon François , Remangeon Françoise , Loundon Natalie , Leboulanger Nicolas , Couloigner Vincent , Garabédian Noel , Denoyelle Françoise 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionPediatric cholesteatoma is an aggressive disease which requires long‐term evaluation to assess management strategies. The objective was to determine optimal follow‐up duration in pediatric cholesteatoma to detect residual and recurrent diseases.MethodsThis cohort study was set in a tertiary referral center. All consecutive patients with a minimum 5‐year follow‐up were included. Medical history, initial extension, surgical procedures, and follow‐up were collected. The main outcome measure were Kaplan–Meier survival curves of residual and recurrence cumulative incidence.ResultsTotally 239 ears with the first tympanoplasty between 2008 and 2014 were studied including 25% congenital. At first surgery (S1), mean age was 8.4 years and mean follow‐up time 7.9 years. Mastoidectomy was performed in 69% and stapes was absent in 38% of cases. Notably, 83% (199 ears) had a second procedure (S2) of which 186 were planned. After S1, maximum cumulated incidence of residual was 45% [95%CI, 38%; 52%] at 74 months, with probability of residual of 39% at 3 years. After S2 (n = 199), maximum cumulated residual incidence was 21% [95%CI, 12%; 32%] at 62 months and 16% at 3 years. Concerning recurrence, maximum cumulated incidence after S1 (n = 239) was reached at 98 months with 21% [95%CI, 12%; 32%], 13% at 3 years and 16% at 5 years. Congenital disease had significantly less residuals after S1 (p = 0.02), but similar recurrence rate (p = 0.66) compared with acquired.Conclusions and RelevanceWe recommend MRI follow‐up of at least 5 years after the last surgery for residual disease and clinical follow‐up of at least 10 years to detect recurrence.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:4789–4798, 2024
Size at maturity, reproductive cycle, and fecundity of the southern California brown box crab Lopholithodes foraminatus and implications for developing a new targeted fishery
Authors: Stroud Ashley , Culver Carolynn S. , Page Henry M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective
The brown box crab Lopholithodes foraminatus is a member of the king and stone crab family (Lithodidae) that occurs in deepwater along the eastern Pacific coast. Historically, landings in California have been low for this species, but an increase in fishing pressure prompted the state to designate it as an emerging fishery and implement an experimental fishery program. With no known biological studies of California brown box crab, essential fisheries information is needed to evaluate the feasibility of a new targeted fishery.

Methods
Using field sampling and observations, along with laboratory studies, we investigated elements of reproductive capacity of the brown box crab in southern California.

Result
We found that females reach physiological maturity at a carapace width (CW) between 50.8 and 71.7 mm, and males do so at a CW between 43.3 and 66.3 mm. Morphometric maturity analysis showed a clear inflection point of abdomen width between immature and mature females. Females were 50% functionally mature at 75 mm CW. Morphometric and functional maturity was not detected for males, albeit samples of small male crabs were extremely limited, thus warranting further study. Females followed a biennial reproduction pattern: mating occurred in the fall, followed by an approximately 18-month brooding period, with hatching in the second spring after mating. Fecundity was positively related to size and ranged from 8352 eggs/brood for a 67.8-mm-CW female to 62,181 eggs/brood for a 130.5-mm-CW female.

Conclusion
These findings can inform the evaluation of a fishery for the brown box crab, including potential management strategies and models for assessing stock condition.
Rehabilitation for Functional Dystonia: Cases and Review of the Literature
Authors: Gros Priti , Bhatt Haseel , Gilmour Gabriela S. , Lidstone Sarah C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundFunctional dystonia (FD) is a common subtype of functional movement disorder. FD can be readily diagnosed based on positive signs and is potentially treatable with rehabilitation. Despite this, clinical outcomes remain variable and a gold standard approach to treatment is lacking.CasesHere we present four cases of axial and limb functional dystonia who were treated with integrated rehabilitation and improved. The therapy approach and clinical outcomes are described, including videos.Literature reviewA literature review evaluated the published treatment strategies for the treatment of functional dystonia. Out of 338 articles, 25 were eligible for review and included mainly case reports and case series. Most patients received more than one treatment modality. Non‐invasive therapies, commonly physiotherapy and psychological approaches were mostly associated with positive outcomes. Multiple treatments commonly used in dystonia were used, including botulinum toxin injections, pharmacotherapy and surgery, leading to variable outcomes.ConclusionTherapy should be personalized to the clinical presentation. In challenging cases, initiation of a multidisciplinary approach may provide benefit regardless of etiology. Pharmacotherapy should be used judiciously, and surgical therapy should be avoided.
Analytical solution for horizontal vibration of partially embedded pipe pile group in layered saturated soil
Authors: Liang Zhimeng , Meng Kun , Cui Chunyi , Liu Hailong , Xin Yu , Xu Lina , Xu Chengshun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBased on Biot's dynamic wave theory and Novak's plane strain model (PSM), an analytical model for the horizontal vibration of a partially embedded pipe pile group (PEPPG) in layered saturated soil (LSS) that considers the soil‐plugging effect was established: First, the frequency‐domain analytical expressions of the saturated surrounding soil (SSS) and soil plug were obtained by introducing operator decomposition theory and the variable separation method. Second, the analytical solution of the horizontal impedance of a partially embedded pipe pile in the LSS is derived using the coupled condition of the pile–soil interface and transfer matrix method. Finally, an analytical solution for the horizontal impedance of PEPPG in LSS was derived by introducing the horizontal dynamic interaction factor of piles and the superposition method. The derived solution is then reduced and compared with existing theoretical solutions to verify its rationality. In addition, further parametric analysis was conducted to investigate the influences of pile spacing, embedment ratio, properties of layered SSS, and soil‐plugging on the horizontal vibration characteristics (HVCs) of PEPPG.
Optimal emission regulation under market uncertainty
Authors: Li Guokai , Gao Pin , Wang Zizhuo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGovernment regulations on emission control can be broadly divided into two categories: price instruments and quantity instruments. In this paper, we develop a stylized model to compare the two instruments in the presence of market uncertainty. We find that when the emission intensity (i.e., emissions per unit of production) and the market uncertainty are both high or low, the expected social welfare under the price instruments will be higher; otherwise, the performance of the quantity instruments is comparatively better. The results are robust when incorporating firm competition and national/regional pollution damage. Afterward, we demonstrate that the government's quick‐response capability or a hybrid of the price and quantity instruments can improve the expected social welfare, especially for high‐emitting industries when the market uncertainty is intermediate. Lastly, for heterogeneous firms, we find that allowing permit trading in the quantity instrument may not be beneficial when pollution from each firm is more likely to have regional effects.
On nonlinear geometric transformations of finite elements
Authors: Perez Claudio M. , Filippou Filip C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe paper develops a systematic procedure for formulating finite elements on manifolds. The theoretical developments give rise to a modular computational framework for composing coordinate transformations and manifold parameterizations. The procedure is demonstrated with the Cosserat rod model furnishing a novel finite element formulation that rectifies the lack of objectivity of existing finite elements without violating the director constraints or compromising the symmetry of the tangent stiffness at equilibrium. The framework is element‐independent, allowing its implementation as a wrapper to existing element libraries without modification of the element state determination procedures.
Optimization of electric power prediction of a combined cycle power plant using innovative machine learning technique
Authors: Ntantis Efstratios L. , Xezonakis Vasileios 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAccurate prediction of electric power generation in combined cycle power plants is challenging yet crucial, especially when employing machine learning techniques like artificial neural networks. This research presents an advanced forecasting model based on the robust adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system to estimate electric power generation under full operating conditions. The research dataset comprises 9568 data points featuring four input parameters, including ambient temperature, ambient pressure, exhaust vacuum, and relative humidity, spanning 6 years of the publicly available UCI Machine Learning Repository. These data were partitioned into 70% for training, 30% for validation, and 0% for testing to ensure robustness. A hybrid approach is implemented for optimization, combining the least squares method and gradient descent. The first‐order Sugeno fuzzy model was adopted to defuzzification the entire fuzzy set, achieving optimal results with three membership functions assigned to each input variable. This configuration minimizes the training's root mean square error values and the checking error of 3.8395 and 3.7849 regarding the generalized bell‐shaped membership functions, improving computational efficiency. These values are optimum when employing the root mean square error performance metric of identical studies. The validation of the adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system method and an optimal data selection strategy for training should be considered for optimum outcomes in the energy field.
The use of cetuximab for oral cancer and adverse events with different treatment regimens: A single‐center retrospective study over an 11‐year period
Authors: Ishikawa Saki , Suzuki Taiki , Tanaka Shiori , Tatsumi Ayaka , Aiso Yuri , Sekikawa Shoichi , Ogane Satoru , Katakura Akira , Nomura Takeshi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this retrospective study was to assess the use and safety of cetuximab (C‐mab) monotherapy or combination therapy with various regimens for treating oral cancer in our hospital.MethodsThe study comprised 53 patients diagnosed with oral cancer who underwent chemotherapy with C‐mab between January 2013 and December 2022 at the Oral Cancer Center, Tokyo Dental College. In total, 68 regimens were analyzed. The cumulative rate was determined by analyzing the timing and incidence of adverse events (AEs) with each regimen using a Kaplan–Meier curve.ResultsThe treatment regimens administered included the following: induction C‐mab + paclitaxel + carboplatin (ICT‐PCE, n = 7), C‐mab + radiotherapy (RT) (n = 22), C‐mab + cisplatin + fluorouracil (n = 7), C‐mab + paclitaxel + carboplatin (n = 1), C‐mab + paclitaxel (n = 16), C‐mab maintenance (n = 11), and four other cases. The total number of doses administered was 895.ConclusionsThis retrospective study investigated the effectiveness of treatment regimens containing C‐mab for oral cancer and adverse reactions to these regimens. C‐mab is a crucial component of oral cancer treatment when used in multidrug therapy. C‐mab containing regimens may result in direct or indirect AEs. Ongoing, rigorous monitoring is essential to mitigate these events. Partnering with other departments can help to limit their severity.
Relationship between the presence of oral herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA and oral hygiene condition in dependent older individuals
Authors: Shigeishi Hideo , Matsumura Mari , Hamada Natsuki , Kaneyasu Yoshino , Sugiyama Masaru , Ohta Kouji 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate the association between the presence of oral herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1) DNA and oral hygiene condition in dependent older adults.MethodsWe focused on 45 dependent older individuals (11 males and 34 females; median age 89 years) with certified needs for long‐term support or nursing care. Real‐time PCR analysis was performed to identify HSV‐1 DNA from samples collected from the tongue surface via swab brushes. Concurrently, the detection of the 16S rRNA gene for periodontopathic bacteria such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Fusobacterium nucleatum was conducted.ResultsAmong the participants, HSV‐1 DNA was detected in seven out of 45 (15.6%). No significant association was observed between HSV‐1 DNA and age, sex, body mass index, dependency status, or medical history. While the rate of HSV‐1 DNA positivity was higher in participants with suboptimal or poor oral hygiene (28.6%) compared with those with good oral hygiene (9.7%), the association was not statistically significant. Similarly, a reduction in oral wetness was noted in HSV‐1 DNA‐positive participants compared with their HSV‐1 DNA‐negative counterparts, but this was also not statistically significant. Interestingly, a significant association was found between the presence of HSV‐1 DNA and P. gingivalis (P = 0.01).ConclusionIt remains unclear whether the presence of oral HSV‐1 DNA is associated with poor oral hygiene and dry mouth in dependent older individuals. Co‐infection of HSV‐1 and P. gingivalis may contribute to the pathology of periodontitis.
Improving the electrical conductivity of multiwalled carbon nanotubes‐containing micromoldings via in situ construction of electrically conductive networks
Authors: Lei Xue , Shi You , Liang Mei , Zou Huawei , Zhou Shengtai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMicroinjection molding (μIM) is characterized by high shearing and cooling rates, resulting in higher a degree of filler orientation which impairs the electrical conductivity (σ) of conductive filler‐containing polymer composites when compared with that of compression molding and conventional injection molding processes. In this study, polypropylene/polyamide 6/multiwalled carbon nanotubes (PP/PA6/CNT) composites were used as the model system to investigate how blending sequence, injection speed, and component mass ratios affected the morphology and σ of PP/PA6/CNT microparts. The results demonstrated that CNTs exhibited a higher affinity for the polar PA6 phase and they tended to be preferentially distributed in PA6 domains. The deformation and coalescence of CNT‐rich PA6 phase promoted the creation of an intact and continuous filler network structure along the flow direction under the influence of high shearing conditions in μIM. When the mass ratio of PP:PA6 was 70:30 and the concentration of CNT was 7 wt%, the micropart possessed the highest σ (1.2 × 10−6 S/m) when compared with their PP/CNT (4.4 × 10−9 S/m) and PA6/CNT (3.4 × 10−10 S/m) counterparts. Higher injection speeds resulted in higher degree of CNT orientation, which negatively affected the σ of subsequent moldings. This work established an approach for producing electrically conductive microparts that demonstrate promising applications in the fields of electronics, automotive, and microsystems among others.Highlights
PP/PA6/CNT composites were used as model systems for microinjection molding.
The electrical conductivity was improved by shear‐induced deformation of CNT‐rich phase.
The properties of PP/PA6/CNT microparts were affected by process parameters.
Simulation and application assessment of the efficacy of fosthiazate‐loaded microcapsules against root‐knot nematode
Authors: Maruyama Takahiro , Ishibashi Yutaka , Sano Mitsuo , Yoshimura Hideshi , Taguchi Yoshinari 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDAlthough microencapsulation technology is an effective pesticide formulation method, the correlation between the release properties of microcapsules and pesticide concentrations in soil and their efficacy has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, the effects of the release properties of the nematicide Fosthiazate (FTZ) from microcapsules on their efficacy against the nematode Meloidogyne incognita were examined using experimental and mathematical approaches.RESULTSGradual release of FTZ from both polyurea microcapsules (PU‐MC) and melamine‐formaldehyde microcapsules (MF‐MC) was observed over 30 days in the release test, and each release curve was completely distinct. In the biological test, the efficacy of both microcapsules against M. incognita 42 days after the application was 8–15% higher than that of the non‐encapsulated FTZ at a concentration of 2.0 mg FTZ kg−1 soil. Soil degradation experiments suggested that the microcapsules worked effectively to protect the FTZ from degradation, which resulted in higher efficacy at a later stage. A simulation study to predict the concentration of FTZ outside the microcapsule found that the timing of supplying FTZ was important and suggested that the mixture of non‐encapsulated FTZ (non‐MC) and MF‐MC showed enhanced efficiency for the entire cultivation period in the biological test; the efficacy against nematodes was also confirmed by the measurement of nematode density using the Bearman funnel method.CONCLUSIONThe release properties of FTZ from microcapsules are critical for their effective application against M. incognita, and the established simulation study is a useful step in designing suitable release properties under complex soil conditions. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
A shift towards softer pest management differently benefits earwig and spider communities in a multiyear experiment in apple orchards
Authors: Simon Sylvaine , Riotord Dominique , Morel Karine , Fleury Amandine , Capowiez Yvan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDEnvironmentally‐friendly crop protection practices are needed to enhance the sustainability of current agricultural systems. This is crucial in orchards which are extensively treated to impair various pests, at the expense of natural enemies. However, the effect of a shift towards softer pest management on the beneficial arthropod community is poorly documented. Earwigs (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) and spiders (Araneae) are relevant groups to assess such effects because they are highly sensitive to agricultural practices. They were monitored for 6 and 4 years, respectively, in apple orchards under three pest management regimes: Organic, Low‐input and Conventional, with pest management being switched during the survey from a broad‐spectrum insecticide schedule to mating disruption in the latter one, and more selective compounds in all orchards.RESULTSThe survey displayed that earwig abundance (mainly Forficula auricularia) that was initially very low in the Conventional orchard (annual mean 0.5–1.7 earwigs per shelter in the 2010–2012 period) increased to the same level as that of Low‐input and Organic orchards (over 10 earwigs per shelter) in the same year that changes in pest management occurred. The epigeal and arboreal spider communities were not responsive, and no recovering was observed 4 years after change in practices.CONCLUSIONPredatory arthropod communities are differently affected over time by changes in pest management, most probably due to their biology (dispersion, reproduction rate, susceptibility to pesticides etc.). This outlines the importance of documenting the time required to recover after perturbations and build a natural enemy community to enhance pest control in a win‐win perspective. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Persistent mixed‐phase states in adiabatic cloud parcels under idealised conditions
Authors: Abade Gustavo C. , Albuquerque Daniel G. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBy assuming that liquid droplets and ice crystals within a computational grid box grow under the same conditions, mean‐field representations of mixed‐phase clouds in numerical models favour a quick cloud glaciation driven by the Wegener–Bergeron–Findeisen process. Consequently, maintenance of mixed‐phase states under the mean‐field approximation is conditioned to external dynamical forcing, such as sufficiently strong updraughts. In this work we go beyond the mean‐field representation and investigate the maintenance of mixed‐phase states in adiabatic (non‐entraining) cloud volumes by accounting for local variability in a particle's growth conditions in the turbulent cloud environment. This is done by using a Lagrangian microphysical scheme, where temperature and vapour mixing ratio are stochastic attributes attached to each cloud particle. Different dynamic scenarios show that microphysical variability and parametrised turbulence effects may significantly reduce cloud glaciation rates, resulting in much more resilient mixed‐phase states in idealised parcels containing non‐sedimenting and non‐aggregating cloud particles. We have stated a more refined criterion for the Wegener–Bergeron–Findeisen process activity in the bulk of a mixed‐phase cloud parcel (or computational grid box). This criterion is stated in terms of the conditional average supersaturations that are experienced by specific cloud particle types (liquid or ice), and not in terms of unconditional averages corresponding to parcel‐ or grid‐mean values of supersaturations. Formulation of a relation between conditional and unconditional average supersaturations poses an interesting closure problem in mixed‐phase cloud microphysics. Our stochastic microphysical model provides a Lagrangian closure to this problem and gives insights towards the development of a prognostic stochastic subgrid‐scale scheme for condensation/deposition in numerical models of mixed‐phase clouds.