bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical bistable switching with symmetrically configured SOAs in reverse bias
Authors: Costanzo‐Caso Pablo A. , Gehl Michael , Granieri Sergio , Siahmakoun Azad 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA novel optical switching technique based on two symmetrically coupled semiconductor optical amplifiers operating in reverse‐bias mode is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The device produces both noninverted and inverted hysteresis behavior with switching speed in MHz range. However, switch performance can be improved by implementing this technique in a photonic integrated circuit. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52:2753–2759, 2010; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25594
Extension of the exhaustive Gaussian approach for BER estimation in experimental direct‐detection OFDM setups
Authors: Alves Tiago M. F. , Cartaxo Adolfo V. T. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAn extension of the exhaustive Gaussian approach to estimate the bit error ratio from a set of experimental runs in direct‐detection orthogonal frequency division multiplexing optical communication systems is proposed. The approach provides fast and accurate bit error ratio estimates avoiding the high amount of data required by direct error counting. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52:2772–2775, 2010; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25595
Ultra‐wideband quadrature power splitter
Authors: Tang Xinyi , Mouthaan Koen 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA new quadrature power splitter with a bandwidth of 110% from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz consisting of a wideband power divider and a phase shifting network is presented. The quadrature phase difference between the output ports is achieved through the phase difference between a 50 Ohm transmission line and multiple cascaded phase shifting sections. A return loss larger than 13.8 dB, an amplitude imbalance less than 0.5 dB and a phase difference within 90.9° ± 6.0° are measured over the whole ultra‐wideband. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52:2828–2830, 2010; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25606
Tri‐band printed sector‐shaped slot antenna for wireless local area network/worldwide interoperability microwave access applications
Authors: Zhang Qiu‐Yi , Zeng Rui‐Hua , Chu Qing‐Xin 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn this article, a tri‐band‐printed sector‐shaped slot antenna with better band‐rejected characteristics within the band of 4–5 GHz is presented. By using a pair parasitic elements along the microstrip feed line, wideband performances can be achieved, and then, with use of two strips perpendicular to the parasitic element, tri‐band operation is able to be obtained. Furthermore, two C‐shaped strips are embedded within the slot aperture to enable the better band‐stop characteristics within band of 4–5 GHz. The antenna is calibrated for wireless local area network/worldwide interoperability microwave access applications, which cover the 2.4–2.69, 3.4–3.79, and 5.15–5.95 GHz frequency bands. Details of the proposed antenna configuration and design procedure are given; the experimental results are also discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52:2821–2825, 2010; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25608
Can hypopressive exercises provide additional benefits to pelvic floor muscle training in women with pelvic organ prolapse?
Authors: Resende Ana Paula Magalhães , Stüpp Liliana , Bernardes Bruno Teixeira , Oliveira Emerson , Castro Rodrigo Aquino , Girão Manoel João Batista Castello , Sartori Marair Gracio Ferreira 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAimsThe aim of the study was to compare the effect of hypopressive exercises including pelvic floor muscle contraction, pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) alone and control on pelvic floor muscle function in women with pelvic organ prolapse (POP).MethodsFifty‐eight women with a mean age of 55.4 (±9.8) years old with stage II POP were randomly assigned to participate in the PFMT group, the hypopressive exercises associated with PFMT (HE + PFMT) group or the control group. Each treatment group underwent a 3‐month course of treatment. The three groups received lifestyle advice regarding weight loss, constipation, coughing, and the avoidance of heavy lifting. Participants were evaluated before and after the treatment. Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and endurance were assessed using the Modified Oxford grading system. To evaluate muscle activation, surface electromyography (SEMG) was used.ResultsThe two treatment group significantly increase pelvic floor muscle function as measured by MVC (P < 0.001) using the Modified Oxford grading system, as well as muscle activation (P < 0.001), measured by SEMG. The PFMT group was superior regarding endurance (P = 0.007). Both groups were superior to the control group regarding MVC, endurance and muscle activation.ConclusionAdding hypopressive exercises to PFMT does not improve PFM function. Both treatment groups performed better than the control group. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:121–125, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Are biomechanical properties predictive of the success of prostheses used in stress urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse? A systematic review
Authors: Mangera Altaf , Bullock Anthony J. , Chapple Christopher R. , MacNeil Sheila 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAimsProgressive weakness in pelvic floor tissues is extremely common and leads to the distressing problems of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP). There has been extensive work on a vast array of materials spanning synthetics, autografts, allografts, and xenografts. Uniaxial testing of materials has been used to predict their success and rates of erosion. We aimed to compare the uniaxial properties of prostheses to native paravaginal tissue and correlate these to their success and erosion rates.MethodsWe performed a systematic review of the literature to identify the biomechanical properties of paravaginal tissue and of prostheses used in the treatment of SUI and POP. We examined to what extent these findings correlated to their reported success and erosion rates.ResultsBiomechanical properties have been determined for prostheses used in the treatment of POP and SUI both pre‐ and post‐implantation in animal models. Implantation generally led to a decrease in ultimate tensile strength and Young's modulus. We were unable to find any simple correlation between the uniaxial mechanical properties of materials and their success or erosion rates.ConclusionsMechanical properties of prostheses, as measured by uniaxial testing, only appears to form part of the picture. We suggest implant integration and host responses to materials, as well as the biomechanical properties of the materials need to be considered to design materials to achieve lasting clinical benefit. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:13–21, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Methods and value of home uroflowmetry in the assessment of men with lower urinary tract symptoms: A literature review
Authors: Bray Alison , Griffiths Clive , Drinnan Michael , Pickard Robert 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAimsUroflowmetry is a key clinical assessment for men with LUTS. Home uroflowmetry is a convenient way to obtain multiple flow readings and has the potential to combat problems inherent to clinic‐based measurements. We reviewed current evidence regarding the technology and value of multiple and home uroflowmetry.MethodsWe searched PubMed and Embase from January 1988 to February 2011 using a predetermined strategy. Reference lists from retrieved articles were scanned and additional papers screened for relevance. Proceedings of the annual meetings of the International Continence Society since 2008 were also searched. Relevant guidelines were obtained from the UK NHS Evidence repository.ResultsEight studies described five simple, low‐cost instruments giving multiple representative estimates of Qmax but not a complete flow curve. A further eight studies described home use of four sophisticated, electronic flowmeters similar to clinic‐based equipment. The above methods were assessed against ICS recommendations for uroflowmetry and the results of several studies investigating variability of flow parameters such as Qmax were presented.ConclusionsOur findings illustrate the gulf between low‐cost methods of obtaining average or peak flow measurements and precise, expensive devices with the capabilities of clinic flowmeters. Further studies are required to confirm the statistical benefit of averaging multiple values of Qmax and to investigate the diagnostic and predictive value of flow variables other than Qmax that can be derived from multiple recordings. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:7–12, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Spontaneous brain activity changes in children with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis: A resting‐state fMRI study
Authors: Lei Du , Ma Jun , Du Xiaoxia , Shen Guohua , Tian Minlu , Li Gengying 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPrimary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE) is a common disorder in school‐aged children. However, little is known about resting‐state neural function in individuals with PMNE. In this work, resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to investigate changes in spontaneous brain activity in children with PMNE. We analyzed resting‐state fMRI data using statistical parametric mapping (SPM) and a resting‐state fMRI data analysis toolkit (REST). Regional homogeneity (ReHo) and amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuation (ALFF) values were calculated to analyze spontaneous brain activity in 16 children with PMNE and 16 healthy controls. Children with PMNE exhibited significant differences in ALFF or ReHo in the left inferior frontal gyrus, medial frontal gyrus (Brodmann area, BA 10), and left midbrain. Abnormalities in BA 10 and the inferior frontal gyrus may affect children's decision‐making with regard to voiding; abnormalities in the midbrain in PMNE children may influence the internal signal transmission in their bladder control network. Our data indicate that, in children with PMNE, several brain areas related to the micturate control network undergo developmental delay. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:99–104, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Correlation of right frontal hypoperfusion and urinary dysfunction in iNPH: A SPECT study
Authors: Sakakibara Ryuji , Uchida Yoshitaka , Ishii Kazunari , Kazui Hiromitsu , Hashimoto Masaaki , Ishikawa Masaaki , Yuasa Tatsuhiko , Kishi Masahiko , Ogawa Emina , Tateno Fuyuki , Uchiyama Tomoyuki , Yamamoto Tatsuya , Yamanishi Tomonori , Terada Hitoshi ,   the members of SINPHONI (Study of Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus On Neurological Improvement)
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectivesTo elucidate the pathophysiology of urinary dysfunction in idiopathic normal‐pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) by single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and statistical brain mapping.MethodsUrinary symptoms were observed and N‐isopropyl‐p‐[123I]‐iodoamphetamine (IMP)‐SPECT imaging was performed in 97 patients with clinico‐radiologically definite iNPH. The patients included 56 men and 41 women; mean age, 74 years. The statistical difference in normalized mean tracer counts was calculated and visualized between patients with urinary dysfunction of severer degrees (>grade 2/4) and milder degrees (<grade 1/4) according to the urinary subscales of the iNPH grading scales.ResultsThere was a significant decrease in tracer activity in the right‐side‐dominant bilateral frontal cortex and the left inferior temporal gyrus in the severe urinary dysfunction group (P < 0.05). In order to minimize the effects of gait and cognitive dysfunction, we performed similar analysis among subjects with little or no such dysfunction, and obtained the same results (P < 0.05) as described above.ConclusionsUrinary dysfunction was found to be closely related with right frontal hypoperfusion in iNPH using [123I]‐IMP SPECT. This right frontal area is one of the critical areas for regulating micturition. While secondary incontinence can result from gait disturbance or dementia, there may also be a neurogenic mechanism underlying urinary dysfunction, which is a significant burden in patients with iNPH and their caregivers. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:50–55, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A multilevel variable neighborhood search heuristic for a practical vehicle routing and driver scheduling problem
Authors: Wen Min , Krapper Emil , Larsen Jesper , Stidsen Thomas K. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe world's second largest producer of pork, Danish Crown, also provides a fresh meat supply logistics system within Denmark. This is used by the majority of supermarkets in Denmark. This article addresses an integrated vehicle routing and driver scheduling problem arising at Danish Crown in their fresh meat supply logistics system. The problem consists of a 1‐week planning horizon, heterogeneous vehicles, and drivers with predefined work regulations. These regulations include, among other things, predefined workdays, fixed starting time, maximum weekly working duration, and a break rule. The objective is to minimize the total delivery cost that is a weighted sum of two kinds of delivery costs. A multilevel variable neighborhood search heuristic is proposed for the problem. In a preprocessing step, the problem size is reduced through an aggregation procedure. Thereafter, the aggregated weekly planning problem is decomposed into daily planning problems, each of which is solved by a variable neighborhood search. Finally, the solution of the aggregated problem is expanded to that of the original problem. The method is implemented and tested on real‐life data consisting of up to 2,000 orders per week. Computational results show that the aggregation procedure and the decomposition strategy are very effective in solving this large scale problem, and our solutions are superior to the industrial solutions given the constraints considered in this work. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, Vol. 58(4), 311–322 2011
Cutting planes for branch‐and‐price algorithms
Authors: Desaulniers Guy , Desrosiers Jacques , Spoorendonk Simon 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis article presents a general framework for formulating cutting planes in the context of column generation for integer programs. Valid inequalities can be derived using the variables of an equivalent compact formulation (i.e., the subproblem variables) or the master problem variables. In the first case, cuts are added to the compact formulation, either at the master level or the subproblem level, and the decomposition process is reapplied. In the second case, we show that it is possible to model inequalities defined on the master problem variables by adding new variables and constraints to the subproblem formulation. The augmented subproblem indirectly indicates that there exists an augmented compact formulation that includes these new variables and constraints. Three examples on how to apply this framework are presented: the vehicle routing problem with time windows, the edge coloring problem, and the cutting stock problem. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, Vol. 58(4), 301–310 2011
Reliable control for interval time‐varying delay systems subjected to actuator saturation and stochastic failure
Authors: Gu Zhou , Liu Jingliang , Peng Chen , Tian Engang 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYThis paper is devoted to the problem of reliable control for interval time‐varying delay systems subjected to actuator saturation and stochastic failure. A new practical actuator fault model is proposed by assuming that the actuator fault obeys a certain probabilistic distribution. An optimization problem with LMI constraints is formulated to determine the largest contractively invariant ellipsoid. Delay distribution and fault distribution‐dependent estimations of the domain of attraction are obtained by using the LMI techniques and an optimization method, such that the mean‐square stability of the systems can be guaranteed for given H∞ performance index γ. Two illustrative examples are exploited to show the effectiveness of the proposed design procedures. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tracking control of Wiener models with hierarchical and switching model predictive control
Authors: Picasso Bruno , Romani Carlo , Scattolini Riccardo 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYA tracking problem is considered for a Wiener model. A two‐layer hierarchical control structure is designed: the upper level controller operates at a slow rate and computes the inputs to be ideally provided to the system; the effective control actions are provided by actuators placed at the lower layer and having faster dynamics. Model predictive control (MPC) laws are synthesized for both layers. In order to cope with the discrepancy between the ideal and the effective control action, a robust MPC controller is designed at the upper level. Such a controller can switch among different operating conditions ensuring different level of robustness. In doing so, the overall controller guarantees steady‐state zero error regulation for constant reference signals while trading off robustness versus system performance. A numerical example is reported. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sensitive single‐molecule protein quantification and protein complex detection in a microarray format
Authors: Tessler Lee A. , Mitra Robi D. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSingle‐molecule protein analysis provides sensitive protein quantitation with a digital read‐out and is promising for studying biological systems and detecting biomarkers clinically. However, current single‐molecule platforms rely on the quantification of one protein at a time. Conventional antibody microarrays are scalable to detect many proteins simultaneously, but they rely on less sensitive and less quantitative quantification by the ensemble averaging of fluorescent molecules. Here, we demonstrate a single‐molecule protein assay in a microarray format enabled by an ultra‐low background surface and single‐molecule imaging. The digital read‐out provides a highly sensitive, low femtomolar limit of detection and four orders of magnitude of dynamic range through the use of hybrid digital‐analog quantification. From crude cell lysate, we measured levels of p53 and MDM2 in parallel, proving the concept of a digital antibody microarray for use in proteomic profiling. We also applied the single‐molecule microarray to detect the p53–MDM2 protein complex in cell lysate. Our study is promising for development and application of single‐molecule protein methods because it represents a technological bridge between single‐plex and highly multiplex studies.
Discrepancies between pediatric laboratories in pulmonary function results from healthy children
Authors: Paton James , Beardsmore Caroline , Laverty Aidan , King Caroline , Oliver Cara , Young David , Stocks Janet 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackgroundMulti‐center research studies that include pulmonary function as an objective outcome are increasingly important in pediatric respiratory medicine. The need for local controls rather than depending on published normative data for lung function remains debatable.AimTo compare pulmonary function in childhood controls with no respiratory symptoms from three centers in the United Kingdom and ascertain the extent to which current reference equations are appropriate for this population.MethodsSpirometry, plethysmographic lung volumes, and specific airways resistance (sRaw) were measured within specialized pediatric laboratories in children from three geographical locations throughout the UK (London, Leicester, and Glasgow), using identical equipment, software and standard operating procedures. Results were compared between centers and in relation to recent or commonly used UK pediatric reference values.ResultsPulmonary function was assessed in 94 healthy children (mean (SD) age: 7.7 (0.6) years; 88% white Caucasians; ∼30 from each center). There were no significant differences in background demographics or spirometric outcomes when compared between centers. By contrast, statistically significant differences in plethysmographic lung volumes and sRaw were observed between‐centers. Significant differences in relation to published reference data for white subjects were noted for FEV1 in all three centers and occasionally for other lung function measures but the differences from predicted values were small (within ± 0.5 z‐score) and not clinically significant.ConclusionAfter appropriate inter‐laboratory standardization, spirometric measurements in children can be measured in different centers without evidence of systematic differences. However, even after extensive standardization procedures, plethysmographic measures appear more prone to inter‐center differences and cannot, at present, be reliably compared across centers without incorporating controls at each location. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012; 47:588–596. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Analysis on folding of misgurin using two‐dimensional HP model
Authors: Yan Shaomin , Wu Guang 
Published: October 2011

AbstractMisgurin is an antimicrobial peptide from the loach, while the hydrophobic‐polar (HP) model is a way to study the folding conformations and native states in peptide and protein although several amino acids cannot be classified either hydrophobic or polar. Practically, the HP model requires extremely intensive computations, thus it has yet to be used widely. In this study, we use the two‐dimensional HP model to analyze all possible folding conformations and native states of misgurin with conversion of natural amino acids according to the normalized amino acid hydrophobicity index as well as the shortest benchmark HP sequence. The results show that the conversion of misgurin into HP sequence with glycine as hydrophobic amino acid at pH 2 has 1212 folding conformations with the same native state of minimal energy –6; the conversion of glycine as polar amino acid at pH 2 has 13,386 folding conformations with three native states of minimal energy –5; the conversion of glycine as hydrophobic amino acid at pH 7 has 2538 folding conformations with three native states of minimal energy –5; and the conversion of glycine as polar amino acid at pH 7 has 12,852 folding conformations with three native states of minimal energy –4. Those native states can be ranked according to the normalized amino acid hydrophobicity index. The detailed discussions suggest two ways to modify misgurin. Proteins 2011. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.