bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Muscle-invasive bladder cancer subtyping and prognosis: a multi-omics study based on a ferroptosis and cuproptosis-related signature
Authors: Hao Sida , Yang Zitong , Wang Gang , Cai Guofeng , Qin Yong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), is a common, aggressive malignancy with significant mortality. Recent advancements have identified ferroptosis and cuproptosis as potential therapeutic targets. However, their interactions and impacts on MIBC overall survival (OS) and treatment outcomes are unclear. This study uses multi-omics approaches to explore these roles and their therapeutic potential, aiming to improve MIBC understanding and management.
Methods:
Using Cox’s regression and multiple machine learning (ML) techniques, a nomogram-based model incorporating ferroptosis and cuproptosis-related signature was developed based on the data of MIBC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Two Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets (GSE13507 and GSE32894) were utilised to externally validate this signature. Biological experimental validation was also performed in human bladder cancer cell lines.
Results:
The study identified a robust ferroptosis and cuproptosis-associated gene signature that significantly stratifies MIBC patients into distinct prognostic categories. This signature was not only predictive of overall survival but also correlated with distinct molecular subtypes of MIBC. Validation in independent datasets confirmed the prognostic value of the ferroptosis and cuproptosis-related signature and nomogram-based model.
Conclusions:
The established bioinformatics model based on ferroptosis and cuproptosis markers offers a novel framework for MIBC subtyping and could potentially guide personalised therapeutic strategies.
The Relation of Nasopharyngeal Colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae in Comorbid Adults with Pneumonia and Unfavorable Outcomes in a Low-Middle Income Country
Authors: Olivella-Gomez Juan , Lozada Julián , Méndez-Castillo Lina , Garcés André Emilio Viñán , Serrano-Mayorga Cristian C. , Bustos Ingrid G. , Acosta-González Alejandro , Ibáñez-Prada Elsa D. , Fuentes Yuli V. , Crispin Ana M. , Garcia-Garcia Erica Y , Santana Eveling , Josa Diego F. , Saenz Jorge Pulido , Rodíguez-Castaño Gina Paola , Orjuela Jorge Alberto Rodríguez , Jaimes Diego , Tettelin Hervé , Orihuela Carlos J. , Reyes Luis Felipe 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) is the primary bacterial cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) globally, particularly impacting older adults and children. While Spn colonization in children is linked to LRTI, its prevalence and consequences in adults with comorbidities remains uncertain. This study aims to provide novel data in that regard.
Methods: This is a prospective study of outpatient adults with chronic diseases. Data on demographics, vaccination, and clinical history was gathered. Nasopharyngeal aspirate samples were examined for Spn colonization using traditional cultures and PCR. Patients were followed for 18 months, with colonization prevalence calculated and factors influencing colonization and its impact on clinical outcomes analyzed through logistic regressions.
Results: 810 patients were enrolled, with 10.1% (82/810) identified as colonized. The mean (SD) age was 62 years (±15), and 48.6% (394/810) were female. Major comorbidities included hypertension (52.2% [423/810]), cardiac conditions (31.1% [252/810]), and chronic kidney disease (17.4% [141/810]). Among all, 31.6% (256/810) received the influenza vaccine in the previous year, and 10.7% (87/810) received anti-Spn vaccines. Chronic kidney disease (OR 95% CI; 2.48 [1.01-6.15], p=0.04) and chronic cardiac diseases (OR 95% CI; 1.62 [0.99-2.66], p=0.05) were independently associated with Spn colonization. However, colonization did not increase the risk of LRTI (OR 95%CI; 0.64 [0.14-2.79], p=0.55) or unfavorable outcomes (OR 95% CI;1.17 [0.14-2.79], p=0.54) during follow-up.
Conclusions: Chronic kidney and cardiac diseases are independently associated with Spn colonization, underscoring the importance of vaccination in this population. Spn colonization was not associated with LRTI/unfavorable outcomes in adult patients with chronic comorbidities.
Association between the Inflammatory Burden Index and rheumatoid arthritis and its all-cause mortality: Data from NHANES 1999-2018
Authors: Zhai Jiali , Yuan Bo , Liu Tiebing , Mo Linfei , Xie Yajie , Zhao Yi , Cao Shuai , Meng Liesu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prevalent chronic autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation. The Inflammatory Burden Index (IBI) is a newly proposed comprehensive inflammation index used to assess systemic inflammation. The relationship between IBI and RA, as well as its all-cause mortality, remains unclear. The objective of this study was to examine the correlation between IBI and RA and to analyze the association between IBI and all-cause mortality in RA.
Methods: The study conducted a comprehensive analysis of adult data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning the years 1999 to 2018.The participants' IBI was calculated using the formula IBI = CRP * neutrophils/lymphocytes. Three models were constructed to investigate the relationship between IBI and the prevalence of RA. Nonlinear relationships were determined using restricted cubic spline curves. Stratified analyses and interaction tests were used to explore the relationship between RA and IBI in different subgroups. The same data analyses were applied to investigate the association between IBI and RA all-cause mortality.
Results:The data analyses revealed a stable positive and nonlinear correlation between IBI and the risk of RA, as well as a positive, nonlinear, J-shaped association between IBI and RA all-cause mortality. The correlation and association were consistent across most subgroups, and multiple covariates had no effect on the results. No significant effect of multiple covariates on the association was found through interaction tests.
Conclusions:Our study has demonstrated a positive correlation between the prevalence of RA and all-cause mortality with the IBI index. This suggests that lower levels of inflammation in the body are associated with a reduced risk of RA prevalence and all-cause mortality. Further prospective studies are required to explore the mechanisms involved.
Automatic Detection of Liver Diseases based on Supervised Learning Algorithms
Authors: Ahmed Abdelmoty M. , Bouallegue Belgacem , Khattab Mahmoud M. , Ibrahim Hegazi , Mabrouk Ahmed G. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The incidence of Liver disease has been steadily rising due to the excessive consumption of alcohol, exposure to harmful gases through inhalation, consumption of contaminated food, and the use of certain drugs. Dataset was used that extracted from ultrasound images for liver, and some chemical compounds (bilirubin, albumin, proteins, alkaline phosphatase) present in human body as features, to build and evaluate a classifier model, it can classify and differentiate liver diseases. This paper with the help of machine learning technique proposes diagnosing and classifies liver diseases into liver patient (abnormal) and non-liver patient (normal), then classify the liver patient into fatty liver or cirrhosis, using many supervised learning algorithms. The findings indicated that the Random Forest (RF) algorithm exhibited superior accuracy, achieving an impressive 95.12% accuracy rate. Following closely was the Decision Tree (DT) classifier, achieving a respectable accuracy of 90.24%. These results were obtained after employing a data reduction technique involving resampling. The model's performance was subsequently assessed using a 10-fold cross-validation (CV) approach, widely regarded as the optimal method for classifier evaluation. This approach leverages resampling across various folds of the dataset during multiple iterations, enhancing the classifier's ability to generalize and consequently yielding elevated accuracy when applied to unlabeled image samples.
Screening of Potential Biomarkers and Immune Analysis for Osteoarthritis Based on Machine Learning and WGCNA
Authors: Zheng Li , Heng Hongquan , Li Jian , Zhou Feng , Hu Zhenghui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The real pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) remains unknown, leaving a significant burden of social and medical experiences. Thus, this study aimed to identify potential novel biomarkers in OA. The OA dataset (GSE55235) was from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) for filtering the dataset to generate differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis to explore functional biology and related diseases. Subsequently, a further selection of latent biomarkers using three techniques (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF)). Receiver operating curve (ROC) of potential biomarkers were drawn to evaluate the diagnostic validity. The infiltration of immune cells for OA was evaluated using CIBERSORT, and the association with potential biomarkers and immune infiltrating cells was analyzed. Lastly, correlations and expression differences of potential biomarkers were investigated. In total, 803 DEGs were identified in OA and control samples. By overlapping DEGs and two module genes of WGCNA, we obtained 137 genes. LTC4S, XIST, CXCL8 and PIM1 were identified after validation by machine learning methods and ROC. Immune infiltration analysis demonstrated that T cells, and mast cells were linked to the pathogenesis of OA. The research might now help in understanding the etiology of OA.
Long-term Outcomes of CNS WHO grade 2 Oligodendroglioma in Adult Patients: A single- institution experience
Authors: Byeon Yukyeng , Lee Chaejin , Jeon Juhee , Kim Gung Ju , Chong Sangjoon , Kim Young-Hoon , Cho Young Hyun , Hong Seok Ho , Hong Chang-Ki , Kim Jeong Hoon , Song Sang Woo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Oligodendrogliomas (ODGs) are a subtype of diffuse lower-grade gliomas with overall survival of >10 years. This study aims to analyze long-term outcomes and identify prognostic factors in patients with WHO grade 2 isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant, 1p19q-codeleted ODG.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 138 adult patients diagnosed with WHO grade 2 IDH-mutant, 1p19q-codeleted ODG who underwent surgical resection or biopsy between 1994 and 2021, analyzing clinical data, treatment details, and outcomes. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated using Kaplan–Meier analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were utilized to identify significant prognostic factors.
Results
In the gross total resection (GTR) group, 63 (45.7%) underwent observation and 5 (3.6%) received postoperative treatment; in the subtotal resection (STR) or biopsy group, 37 (26.8%) were observed and 33 (23.9%) received postoperative treatment. The median PFS and OS were 6.8 and 18.4 years, respectively. Between adjuvant treatment and observation, there was no significant difference in PFS or OS. However, GTR exhibited significantly better PFS and OS compared to STR or biopsy (p = 0.043 and 0.014, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that contrast enhancement on MRI was associated with worse PFS (HR = 2.08, p = 0.004) and OS (HR = 5.89, p = 0.001). And the presence of seizures at presentation was associated with improved OS (HR = 0.21, p = 0.002).
Conclusion
This study underscores favorable long-term outcomes for patients with IDH-mutant, 1p19q-codeleted ODG WHO grade 2. Our findings indicate that GTR plays a crucial role in enhancing PFS and OS in WHO grade 2 ODG.
Frequency of serological results of antibodies related to autoimmune hepatitis in Iranian patients with non-viral hepatitis
Authors: Basir Hamid Reza Ghasemi , Khalilian Alireza , Eslami-Ghayour Anahita , Ghobakhlou Mehdi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Autoimmune hepatitis as a chronic inflammatory disease of the liver can occur when the body's immune system is stimulated against liver cells, but its exact cause is unknown. Autoimmune hepatitis, if left untreated, leads to liver damage or cirrhosis over time, which can eventually cause liver failure.
Objective
This descriptive-analytical study was done to assess the frequency of serological results of autoimmune hepatitis-related antibodies in patients with non-viral hepatitis referring to an inpatient clinic in 2019 and provide basic information for future studies and assistance in localization of external guidelines performed to diagnose autoimmune hepatitis.
Methods
All patients were evaluated for age and sex, ANA, ASMA, and LKM antibodies, and immunoglobulin by preparing 5 cc of blood samples using laboratory techniques and electrophoresis. The collected data were recorded in the checklist created by the researcher.
Results
The total number of 209 patients with non-viral hepatitis, with a mean age of 37.98 years participated in this study. In patients with non-viral hepatitis, 50.2% of patients had polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, in 17.2% ANA was positive, in 16.3% ASMA was positive, and 1.9% LKM was positive.
Conclusion
hypergammaglobulinemia, ANA, and ASMA are suitable antibodies for autoimmune hepatitis. Moreover, laboratory results of ANA and ASMA in patients with autoimmune hepatitis indicate low levels of these antibodies in Iran and their deficiency in other countries. Conventional diagnostic methods can provide a definitive diagnosis. Therefore, it shows the need for further examination of laboratory instruments and wider use of other diagnostic methods, including biopsy and further assessments.
Fracture-related infection of the lower limb caused by Mucor velutinosus: amputation or salvation?
Authors: Eijkenboom Alexander , Militz Matthias , Kern Thomas , Papetti Maurizio , Krenn Veit , Hackl Simon 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Fracture-related infections caused by mucormycosis are rare and potentially fatal. Evidence-based experience with its treatment is limited and surgical management ranges from limb salvage to amputation, with indications not always clear.
Case presentation:
A 56-year-old woman was admitted after an aircraft accident, sustaining major trauma injuries, including a Gustilo-Anderson type III open ankle joint fracture. Following initial damage control surgery with external fixation, the patient developed a fracture-related infection in the ankle caused by Mucor velutinosus. Despite its invasive growth and tenacity, surgical debridement combined with systemic and local antifungal therapy led to remission in this immunocompetent patient. The ankle arthrodesis achieved bone union with a hexapod fixator 10 months post trauma.
Conclusion:
In the treatment of invasive mucormycosis, a multidisciplinary approach is necessary. Through apt diagnosis and thorough treatment by experienced surgeons, infectiologists and pathologists successful limb salvage may be attained in patients with an intact immune system and amputation can be prevented.
A Novel Method for Establishing a Rabbit Model of Diabetic Periarthritis: The Combination of Alloxan and a Continuous Strain with Ice Compression
Authors: XIONG Zichao , PENG Sichen , CHENG Shaodan , GE Cheng , ZHANG Yang , WANG Shihui , GAO Yunwen , MA Yinghui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Diabetic shoulder periarthritis is a prevalent form of shoulder periarthritis that causes significant discomfort to patients. However, the pathogenesis and treatment of this condition remain unresolved, highlighting the need for a stable and effective experimental animal model. The use of animal models is the primary experimental method for studying the pathogenesis and treatment of human shoulder periarthritis. The absence of an animal model for diabetic shoulder periarthritis is a major obstacle to the advancement of related research.
Methods
This study aimed to develop a rapid, simple, and naturally pathologically consistent model of diabetic shoulder periarthritis using a combination of alloxan and continuous strain and ice compression methods. Postinduction, pathological specimens were collected from the long head of the biceps tendon, shoulder joint synovium, and pancreas for macroscopic, histological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical assessments, as well as radiological evaluation through MRI of the shoulder joint.
Results
MRI revealed that the diabetic shoulder periarthritis model group exhibited more pronounced joint effusion and tendon structural disorders at various time points than did the control group. An increase in signal intensity within the joint cavity was observed at 14 days postinduction compared to 7 days, indicating an increase in effusion. The tendon fibers in the model group were disorganized, the synovial tissue structure was dense, with significant vascular proliferation and synovial cell hyperplasia, and the degree of fibrosis increased over time. Pancreatic islet observation revealed a significant reduction in islet number and sparse islet cells in the diabetic shoulder periarthritis model group compared with those in the control group. These results indicate that the diabetic shoulder periarthritis model group exhibited more severe pathological changes in structure and function.
Conclusion
The combination of alloxan and continuous strain and ice compression can be used to successfully and rapidly and easily induce a rabbit model of diabetic shoulder periarthritis. This study provides further options for the establishment of an animal model for diabetic shoulder periarthritis.
Long Term Impact of Child Abuse in University Students in Al Dakahlia Governorate
Authors: Soliman Amir , Hamdy Reem , Mohammed Amira. H 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: A growing body of research underscores the detrimental impact of child maltreatment on a child's development. Encompassing a wide range of actions by caregivers that significantly impede optimal development and violate societal norms, child maltreatment can manifest in various forms, including neglect of physical, cognitive, emotional, and social needs.
Objectives: To investigate the long-term psychological and social sequelae associated with different types of child abuse specifically within a university student population.
Methods: Employing a cross-sectional design, researchers conducted the study over a six-month period. Participants completed self-report questionnaires in the presence of research team members. The questionnaires were designed to assess the type of child abuse experienced, along with its long-term physical, social, and psycho-behavioral effects.
Results: The study's findings revealed a compelling association between a history of child abuse and a multitude of negative long-term psycho-behavioral consequences in university students. Specifically, participants reported experiencing symptoms of generalized anxiety, low self-esteem, feelings of inadequacy, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Notably, gastrointestinal problems emerged as the primary physical health concern linked to child maltreatment.
Conclusion: This investigation contributes to the existing body of knowledge by demonstrating a significant association between child abuse and a range of adverse long-term outcomes in university students. These outcomes encompass a spectrum of psycho-behavioral issues, such as anxiety, low self-esteem, and PTSD, as well as physical health concerns like gastrointestinal problems. The findings underscore the critical need for further research to elucidate the specific mechanisms underlying these associations and to inform the development of effective preventive and intervention strategies to mitigate the long-term consequences of child maltreatment.
Trial registration: The study was retrospectively registered with ClinicalTrials.gov under the identifier NCT06366126 on April 10, 2024.
A negative association between the Life’s Essential 8 and overactive bladder in United States Adult
Authors: Wei Baian , Lin Pinli , Zhao Ying , Wang Shusheng , Su Qingyuan , Deng Tewei , Deng Lili , Tang Xiaona , Liang Yuyan , Gu Chiming , Tan Pingjuan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Overactive bladder (OAB) significantly impacts the quality of life of affected individuals. This study aims to investigate the association between Life’s Essential 8 (LE8) and the presence of OAB among adults in the United States.
Methods: We included adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2018. LE8 score were categorized as low (0–49), moderate (50–79), and high (80–100). We utilized multivariable logistic models and restricted cubic spline models to assess these associations.
Results: A total of 25,859 participants were included, among whom 5,255 were determined to have OAB. After adjusting for potential confounders, higher LE8 score were significantly associated with a lower risk of OAB (OR 0.78; CI 95% 0.75-0.81). This relationship exhibited a negative linear dose–response pattern. Similar patterns were also identified in the association between health behavior and health factor scores with OAB. Subgroup analyses confirmed the robustness and reliability of the results.
Conclusions: Our study reveals a negative linear association between LE8 and its subscale scores, and the presence of OAB risk. These findings suggest that adherence to the LE8 framework might be advantageous in reducing OAB risk.
Predictive Value of Progesterone Receptor in Advanced Stage Breast Cancer Patients Treated with CDK4/6 Inhibitors
Authors: Öner İrem , İnci Bediz Kurt , Tolunay Pınar Kubilay , Karabuğa Berkan , Türkel Alper , Ateş Öztürk , Karaçin Cengiz 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Phase III studies investigating CDK4/6 inhibitors have failed to uncover significant predictive or prognostic markers aiding clinicians in therapeutic decision-making. Given the treatment complexity, identifying patient and tumor traits is crucial for CDK4/6 inhibitor use across varied treatment approaches.
In our study, we aimed to evaluate the predictive role of PgR expression levels in patients with advanced-stage ER+/HER2- breast cancer treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors.
Methods: In the study, 246 patients who received a combination of CDK4/6 inhibitors and endocrine therapy as first-line treatment were evaluated retrospectively. Those with PgR levels below 20% were called low PgR expression patients, and those with 20% and above were called high PgR expression patients. These two groups were compared regarding demographic characteristics and progression-free survival (PFS).
Results: The mPFS of low PgR expression patients was 23.85 (95% CI; 15.47-32.23) months, and that of high PgR expression patients was 34.66 (95% CI; 24.30-45.02) months, and this was statistically significant (p: 0.008). There was also a difference in mPFS between patients with de novo disease and those with recurrent disease at diagnosis (NE vs. 25 months, respectively; p: 0.021). Additionally, tumor PgR expression (low vs. high) and disease status (de novo vs. recurrent) were determined to be independent predictive factors.
Conclusions: Our study is clinically significant as it demonstrates the impact of PgR expression levels on PFS, especially given the absence of identified biomarkers predicting which patients will benefit most from CDK4/6 inhibitor treatments. However, these positive data need to be supported by further studies.