bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic biomarker tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes failed to serve as a predictive biomarker for postoperative radiotherapy in completely resected pN2 non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Li Jiaran , Li Li , Wang Jingjing , Liu Ning , Liu Haixin , Xu Fuhao , Li Mengke , Yuan Shuanghu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Evidence suggests that radiotherapy is a potent immunomodulator in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Conversely, it has rarely been demonstrated if immune infiltration can influence radiotherapy efficacy. Herein, we explored the effect of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) on the response to postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in completely resected stage III-pN2 NSCLC.

Methods
This retrospective study included 244 patients with pathologically confirmed stage III-N2 NSCLC who underwent complete resection at our institution between 2014 and 2020. TILs were assessed with permanent full-face hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) sections and the evaluation of TILs was based on a published guideline. Patients were stratified into the TILlow or TILhigh group with a cutoff value of 50%. Kaplan-Meier method and Log‐rank test were utilized to assess disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were conducted to determine prognostic indicators.

Results
Among 244 patients, a total of 121 patients received PORT whereas 123 did not. TILs level in patients with PORT was significantly higher than that in patients without PORT (p < 0.001). High TILs level was significantly associated with an improved DFS and OS in all the entire chort (DFS, p < 0.001; OS, p = 0.001), PORT chort (DFS, p = 0.003; OS, p = 0.011) and non-PORT chort (DFS, p < 0.001; OS, p = 0.034). There were no significant survival differences between different treatment modalities in the low TILs infiltration (DFS, p = 0.244; OS, p = 0.404) and high TILs infiltration (DFS, p = 0.167; OS, p = 0.958) groups.

Conclusions
TILs evaluated with H&E sections could represent a prognostic biomarker in patients with completely resected pN2 NSCLC, and high TILs infiltration was associated with favorable survival outcomes.The predictive value of TILs for PORT still need to be further explored in the future.
LLIN evaluation in Uganda project (LLINEUP2): association between housing construction and malaria burden in 32 districts
Authors: Gonahasa Samuel , Nassali Martha , Maiteki‑Sebuguzi Catherine , Namuganga Jane F. , Opigo Jimmy , Nabende Isaiah , Okiring Jaffer , Epstein Adrienne , Snyman Katherine , Nankabirwa Joaniter I. , Kamya Moses R. , Dorsey Grant , Staedke Sarah G. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Well-built housing limits mosquito entry and can reduce malaria transmission. The association between community-level housing and malaria burden in Uganda was assessed using data from randomly selected households near 64 health facilities in 32 districts.

Methods
Houses were classified as ‘improved’ (synthetic walls and roofs, eaves closed or absent) or ‘less-improved’ (all other construction). Associations between housing and parasitaemia were made using mixed effects logistic regression (individual-level) and multivariable fractional response logistic regression (community-level), and between housing and malaria incidence using multivariable Poisson regression.

Results
Between November 2021 and March 2022, 4.893 children aged 2–10 years were enrolled from 3.518 houses; of these, 1.389 (39.5%) were classified as improved. Children living in improved houses had 58% lower odds (adjusted odds ratio = 0.42, 95% CI 0.33–0.53, p < 0.0001) of parasitaemia than children living in less-improved houses. Communities with > 67% of houses improved had a 63% lower parasite prevalence (adjusted prevalence ratio 0.37, 95% CI 0.19–0.70, p < 0.0021) and 60% lower malaria incidence (adjusted incidence rate ratio 0.40, 95% CI 0.36–0.44, p < 0.0001) compared to communities with < 39% of houses improved.

Conclusions
Improved housing was strongly associated with lower malaria burden across a range of settings in Uganda and should be utilized for malaria control.
Cefiderocol susceptibility of Achromobacter spp.: study of an accurately identified collection of 230 strains
Authors: Jean-Pierre Vincent , Sorlin Pauline , Pantel Alix , Chiron Raphaël , Lavigne Jean-Philippe , Jeannot Katy , Marchandin Hélène ,   Collaborative study group on antimicrobial resistance of Achromobacter spp., Amara Marlène , Cadot Lucile , Dauwalder Olivier , Degand Nicolas , Demar Magalie , Dupin Clarisse , Fangous Marie-Sarah , Franczak Claire , Garnier Fabien , Guiet Pascal , Guinard Jérôme , Hombrouck-Alet Cécile , Kaoula Atika , Mariani-Kurkdjian Patricia , Nørskov-Lauritsen Niels , Schramm Frédéric , Tellini Charlotte , Texier Anthony , Violette Jérémie , Wilhelm Nathalie 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Achromobacter spp. are opportunistic pathogens, mostly infecting immunocompromised patients and patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and considered as difficult-to-treat pathogens due to both intrinsic resistance and the possibility of acquired antimicrobial resistance. Species identification remains challenging leading to imprecise descriptions of resistance in each taxon. Cefiderocol is a broad-spectrum siderophore cephalosporin increasingly used in the management of Achromobacter infections for which susceptibility data remain scarce. We aimed to describe the susceptibility to cefiderocol of a collection of Achromobacter strains encompassing different species and isolation sources from CF or non-CF (NCF) patients.

Methods
We studied 230 Achromobacter strains (67 from CF, 163 from NCF patients) identified by nrdA gene-based analysis, with available susceptibility data for piperacillin–tazobactam, meropenem and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of cefiderocol were determined using the broth microdilution reference method according to EUCAST guidelines.

Results
Strains belonged to 15 species. A. xylosoxidans represented the main species (71.3%). MICs ranged from ≤ 0.015 to 16 mg/L with MIC50/90 of ≤ 0.015/0.5 mg/L overall and 0.125/2 mg/L against 27 (11.7%) meropenem-non-susceptible strains. Cefiderocol MICs were not related to CF/NCF origin or species although A. xylosoxidans MICs were statistically lower than those of other species considered as a whole. Considering the EUCAST non-species related breakpoint (2 mg/L), 228 strains (99.1%) were susceptible to cefiderocol. The two cefiderocol-resistant strains (A. xylosoxidans from CF patients) represented 3.7% of meropenem-non-susceptible strains and 12.5% of MDR strains.

Conclusions
Cefiderocol exhibited excellent in vitro activity against a large collection of accurately identified Achromobacter strains, irrespective of species and origin.
Vaginal microbial profile of cervical cancer patients receiving chemoradiotherapy: the potential involvement of Lactobacillus iners in recurrence
Authors: Wang Yichen , Wang Tingzhang , Yan Dingding , Zhao Hongxia , Wang Meixia , Liu Tingting , Fan Xiaoji , Xu Xiaoxian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe vaginal microbiome is an immune defense against reproductive diseases and can serve as an important biomarker for cervical cancer. However, the intrinsic relationship between the recurrence and the vaginal microbiome in patients with cervical cancer before and after concurrent chemoradiotherapy is poorly understood. Here, we analyzed 125 vaginal microbial profiles from a patient cohort of stage IB–IVB cervical cancer using 16S metagenomic sequencing and deciphered the microbial composition and functional characteristics of the recurrent and non-recurrent both before and after chemoradiotherapy. We demonstrated that the abundance of beneficial bacteria and stability of the microbial community in the vagina decreased in the recurrence group, implying the unique characteristics of the vaginal microbiome for recurrent cervical cancer. Moreover, using machine learning, we identified Lactobacillus iners as the most important biomarker, combined with age and other biomarkers (such as Ndongobacter massiliensis, Corynebacterium pyruviciproducens ATCC BAA-1742, and Prevotella buccalis), and could predict cancer recurrence phenotype before chemoradiotherapy. This study prospectively employed rigorous bioinformatics analysis and highlights the critical role of vaginal microbiota in post-treatment cervical cancer recurrence, identifying promising biomarkers with prognostic significance in the context of concurrent chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer. The role of L. iners in determining chemoradiation resistance in cervical cancer warrants further detailed investigation. Our results expand our understanding of cervical cancer recurrence and help develop better strategies for prognosis prediction and personalized therapy.
Adolescent sexual and reproductive health needs and utilisation of health services in the Bono East Region, Ghana
Authors: Okyere Joshua , Yeboa Naomi Kyeremaa , Nikoi Charity , Owusu-Amoako Margaret , Ferka Listowel , Nurzhynska Anastasia , Amo-Adjei Joshua 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Adolescents in Ghana are vulnerable to unequal power relations at the personal, community and structural levels which in turn limits their opportunities in access to critical sexual and reproductive health information and services. There is therefore high unmet need for sexual and reproductive health (SRH) information and services and the Bono East region typifies this situation, recording some of the poorest SRHR outcomes among adolescents. We, therefore, aimed to investigate the SRH needs (unmet), behaviors and utilization of SRH services among adolescents in the Bono East region.

Methods
Using a maximum variation sampling approach, this qualitative study conducted in-depth interviews and focused group discussions with adolescent boys and girls, parents, community leaders, and healthcare providers.

Results
Our findings are presented under two broad categories: major SRHR concerns of adolescents, and perspectives about that influences adolescents’ utilization of SRHR services. Under the major SRHR need of adolescents, the following themes emerged: information and services on pregnancy prevention, menstrual hygiene management, availability of comprehensive abortion care services, and attitudes towards adolescent pregnancy. The perspectives about the factors that influence adolescent children were discussed at multiple levels: individual/personal. interpersonal and community/societal. At the individual level, limited understanding of adolescence/puberty, desire of adolescents to belong and misperceptions about contraceptives. At the interpersonal level, issues relating to technical capacity needs of service providers, disrespect exhibited by service providers, and parental failure were identified as influential factors. Then at the community/societal level, we identified structural constraints and compromised social safety concerns in accessing contraceptives and services.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the findings from this study offer valuable insights into the complex landscape of adolescent sexual and reproductive health in the Bono East region. The implications for policy and practice are manifold, ranging from comprehensive education to addressing menstrual hygiene, involving parents, training healthcare providers, and promoting respectful care.
Changes of soil carbon along precipitation gradients in three typical vegetation types in the Alxa desert region, China
Authors: Zhu Xinglin , Si Jianhua , Jia Bing , He Xiaohui , Zhou Dongmeng , Wang Chunlin , Qin Jie , Liu Zijin , Zhang Li 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe changes and influencing factors of soil inorganic carbon (SIC) and organic carbon (SOC) on precipitation gradients are crucial for predicting and evaluating carbon storage changes at the regional scale. However, people’s understanding of the distribution characteristics of SOC and SIC reserves on regional precipitation gradients is insufficient, and the main environmental variables that affect SOC and SIC changes are also not well understood. Therefore, this study focuses on the Alxa region and selects five regions covered by three typical desert vegetation types, Zygophyllum xanthoxylon (ZX), Nitraria tangutorum (NT), and Reaumuria songarica (RS), along the climate transect where precipitation gradually increases. The study analyzes and discusses the variation characteristics of SOC and SIC under different vegetation and precipitation conditions. The results indicate that both SOC and SIC increase with the increase of precipitation, and the increase in SOC is greater with the increase of precipitation. The average SOC content in the 0–300cm profile is NT (4.13 g kg−1) > RS (3.61 g kg−1) > ZX (3.57 g kg−1); The average value of SIC content is: RS (5.78 g kg−1) > NT (5.11 g kg−1) > ZX (5.02 g kg−1). Overall, the multi-annual average precipitation (MAP) in the Alxa region is the most important environmental factor affecting SIC and SOC.
Impact of maternal depression and anxiety on immunization status of children: a prospective cohort study
Authors: MacDonald Shannon E. , Dhungana Manisha , Stagg Victoria , McDonald Sheila , McNeil Deborah , Kellner James D. , Tough Suzanne , Saini Vineet 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Maternal depression and anxiety can have a detrimental impact on birth outcomes and healthy child development; there is limited knowledge on its influence on immunization schedule adherence. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the impact of maternal depression and anxiety in the perinatal period on prolonged vaccine delay of childhood vaccines.

Methods
In this prospective cohort study, we analyzed linked survey and administrative data of 2,762 pregnant women in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Data were collected at two time-points: prenatal (< 25 weeks of gestation) and postpartum (4 months postpartum). We used multivariable logistic regression to examine the association between depression and anxiety with prolonged immunization delay, adjusting for covariates.

Results
In multivariable analysis, maternal depression at either time point was not associated with prolonged delay for DTaP-IPV-Hib (OR 1.16, 95% CI 0.74–1.82), MMR/MMRV (OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.72–1.48), or all routine childhood vaccines combined (OR 1.32, 95% CI 0.86–2.04). Maternal anxiety at either time point was also not associated with prolonged delayed for DTaP-IPV-Hib (OR 1.08, 95% CI 0.77–1.53), MMR/MMRV (OR 1.07, 95% CI 0.82–1.40), or all vaccines combined (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.80–1.26). In both the depression and anxiety models, children of Canadian-born mothers had higher odds of prolonged delay, as did those with low-income mothers.

Conclusion
Health care providers can be reassured that maternal depression and anxiety do not appear to influence maternal commitment to routine immunization. Findings suggested that low income and household moves may influence adherence to vaccine schedules and health care providers may want to provide anticipatory guidance to these families.
Growth characteristics of HCT116 xenografts lacking asparagine synthetase vary according to sex
Authors: Aladelokun Oladimeji , Lu Lingeng , Zheng Jie , Yan Hong , Jain Abhishek , Gibson Joanna , Khan Sajid A. , Johnson Caroline H. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Sex-related differences in colorectal (CRC) incidence and mortality are well-documented. However, the impact of sex on metabolic pathways that drive cancer growth is not well understood. High expression of asparagine synthetase (ASNS) is associated with inferior survival for female CRC patients only. Here, we used a CRISPR/Cas9 technology to generate HCT116 ASNS−/− and HCT 116 ASNS+/+ cancer cell lines. We examine the effects of ASNS deletion on tumor growth and the subsequent rewiring of metabolic pathways in male and female Rag2/IL2RG mice.

Results
ASNS loss reduces cancer burden in male and female tumor-bearing mice (40% reduction, q < 0.05), triggers metabolic reprogramming including gluconeogenesis, but confers a survival improvement (30 days median survival, q < 0.05) in female tumor-bearing mice alone. Transcriptomic analyses revealed upregulation of G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER1) in tumors from male and female mice with HCT116 ASNS−/− xenograft. Estradiol activates GPER1 in vitro in the presence of ASNS and suppresses tumor growth.

Conclusions
Our study indicates that inferior survival for female CRC patients with high ASNS may be due to metabolic reprogramming that sustains tumor growth. These findings have translational relevance as ASNS/GPER1 signaling could be a future therapeutic target to improve the survival of female CRC patients.
The evaluation of a stepped care approach for early intervention of borderline personality disorder
Authors: Cavelti Marialuisa , Blaha Yasmine , Lerch Stefan , Hertel Christian , Berger Thomas , Reichl Corinna , Koenig Julian , Kaess Michael 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The current study evaluated the stepped care approach applied in AtR!Sk; a specialized outpatient clinic for adolescents with BPD features that offers a brief psychotherapeutic intervention (Cutting Down Program; CDP) to all patients, followed by a more intensive Dialectical Behavioral Therapy for Adolescents (DBT-A) for those whose symptoms persist.

Methods
The sample consisted of 127 patients recruited from two AtR!Sk clinics. The number of BPD criteria, psychosocial functioning, severity of overall psychopathology, number of days with non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI; past month), and the number of suicide attempts (last 3 months) were assessed at clinic entry (T0), after CDP (T1), and at 1- and 2-year follow-up (T2, T3). Based on the T1 assessment (decision criteria for DBT-A: ≥ 3 BPD criteria & ZAN-BPD ≥ 6), participants were allocated into three groups; CDP only (n = 74), CDP + DBT-A (eligible and accepted; n = 36), CDP no DBT-A (eligible, but declined; n = 17).

Results
CDP only showed significantly fewer BPD criteria (T2: β = 3.42, p < 0.001; T3: β = 1.97, p = 0.008), higher levels of psychosocial functioning (T2: β = -1.23, p < 0.001; T3: β = -1.66, p < 0.001), and lower severity of overall psychopathology (T2: β = 1.47, p < 0.001; T3: β = 1.43, p = 0.002) over two years compared with CDP no DBT-A, while no group differences were found with regard to NSSI and suicide attempts. There were no group differences between CDP + DBT-A and CDP no DBT-A, neither at T2 nor at T3.

Discussion
The findings support the decision criterion for the offer of a more intense therapy after CDP. However, there was no evidence for the efficacy of additional DBT-A, which might be explained by insufficient statistical power in the current analysis.
Deep learning based identification and interpretability research of traditional village heritage value elements: a case study in Hubei Province
Authors: Tan Gangyi , Zhu Jiangkun , Chen Zhanxiang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The preservation and transmission of traditional villages is crucial to the prosperity and development of ethnic cultures. However, current traditional village surveys usually require a large number of experts and scholars to conduct field research, which is an expensive and time-consuming method, especially for large-scale tasks. Therefore, this study proposes an automatic classification method based on deep learning (DL) for the identification of traditional village heritage value elements (TVHVE). The study evaluates four selected convolutional neural network (CNN) frames using traditional villages in Hubei Province as a sample dataset. The results show that Residual Network152 (ResNet152) is the most suitable CNN frame for identifying TVHVE in Hubei. The stability and consistency of various TVHVE present in the ResNet152 model were evaluated using Area Under Curve (AUC) and Precision Recall Curve (PRC), which indicated satisfactory prediction performance for most elements, except for specific elements such as tombstones and stone carvings, which showed lower accuracy. In addition, the study sheds light on the areas of concern of the model with respect to different TVHVE images and elucidates the reasons behind the confusion between elements through semantic clustering based on image classification and interpretability analysis using the Gradient-Weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) heat map. By using an automated classification method based on DL, this study significantly reduces the cost and effort associated with traditional surveys. At the same time, insight into areas of concern and confusion in the model improves guidance for conservation efforts and provides valuable references for subsequent research.
Influence of elastomeric and steel ligatures on periodontal health during fixed appliance orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hussain Umar , Campobasso Alessandra , Noman Muhammad , Alam Shamsul , Mujeeb Rida , Shehzad Sofia , Papageorgiou Spyridon N. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Metallic and elastomeric ligatures are widely used in orthodontics to secure the archwire within the bracket slots, but elastomeric ligatures have traditionally been associated with increased microbial colonization, which could adversely affect periodontal health.

Aim
This systematic review compares the periodontal effects of elastomeric and steel ligatures used for orthodontic fixed appliances.

Methods
Unrestricted literature search of 7 databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Virtual Health Library) up to July 2023 were performed for randomized / non-randomized clinical studies on humans comparing the two ligation methods during fixed-appliance therapy. After duplicate study selection, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessment with the Risk of Bias (RoB) 2 or the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies - of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool, random-effects meta-analyses of Mean Differences (MD) or Standardized Mean Differences (SMD) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were carried out, followed by assessment of certainty of existing evidence with the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.

Results
A total of 11 studies (3 randomized / 8 non-randomized) with 354 patients (mean age 14.7 years and 42% male) were included. No statistically significant differences were seen for plaque index (5 studies; SMD = 0.48; 95% CI = -0.03 to 1.00; P = 0.07), gingival index (2 studies; MD = 0.01; 95% CI = -0.14 to 0.16; P = 0.89), probing pocket depth (2 studies; MD = 0; 95% CI = -0.17 to 0.16; P = 0.97), or Streptococcus mutans counts (4 studies; SMD = 0.40; 95% CI=-0.41 to 1.20; P = 0.21). Elastomeric ligatures were associated with moderately increased total bacterial load (3 studies; SMD = 0.43; 95% CI = 0.10 to 0.76; P = 0.03). Confidence in these estimates was low in all instances due to the inclusion of non-randomized studies with high risk of bias.

Conclusions
Existing low quality evidence indicates that ligature method does not seem to influence the periodontal health during fixed treatment, even if elastomeric ligatures are associated with a moderate increase of bacterial load.

Registration
PROSPERO (CRD42023444383)