bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of extratropical cyclones on coastal circulation in a semi-enclosed bay within the Humboldt Current System
Authors: Contreras-Rojas Josse , Mardones Piero , Sobarzo Marcus 
Published: February 2025

Abstract. This study examines the hydrodynamic response of the Gulf of Arauco, a semi-enclosed bay within the Humboldt Current System, to the passage of extratropical cyclones and their associated changes in wind patterns during the austral winter. Characterization of these cyclones over central Chile and their effect on the gulf's meridional wind was conducted using ERA5 atmospheric pressure fields in conjunction with a cyclone tracking algorithm. The hydrodynamic response was assessed through acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observations at two strategic sites, providing valuable insights into the currents at the gulf's connections with the open ocean. Measurements were conducted from July to September 2016 and May to July 2018. Additionally, the main modes of subtidal current variability were compared with the local wind through coherence wavelets, revealing a direct influence of cyclones on the modulation of the gulf's currents. Our findings suggest that intense northerly wind events, associated with the passage of extratropical cyclones, can cause surface water transport into the gulf, accumulating at the gulf's head. This would result in a pronounced pressure gradient, driving a water outflow through both connections with the open ocean, thereby altering the coastal circulation patterns. As the northerly wind decreases, the surface inflow in the northwest region attenuates, allowing the water to exit at shallower depths. This mechanism suggests cyclones play a vital role in renewing the waters of semi-enclosed bays such as the Gulf of Arauco, potentially reducing the water residence times. Consequently, these insights provide a broader understanding of wind-driven coastal dynamics, highlighting their significant impacts on marine ecosystems and coastal management in similar semi-enclosed bays globally. By contributing to the broader knowledge of the interaction between atmospheric and oceanic processes in coastal regions, this research offers a comparative perspective applicable to other regions affected by similar atmospheric phenomena.
Prepartum vaginal microbiota and postpartum uterine microbiota in cows
Authors: Bazzazan Ali , Costa Marcio , Segura Mariela , Lefebvre Réjean 
Published: February 2025

Postpartum uterus clears bacteria within 6 weeks; however, up to 40% of dairy cows cannot eliminate uterine infection. Culture-independent approaches based on the analysis of the 16S rRNA gene indentified reduced richness and diversity in the reproductive tract of cows with endometritis. Goal was to characterize the vaginal microbiota before calving and the uterine microbiota after calving in cows that had or not developed endometritis. We compared the results of DNA sequencing with conventional culture methods in uterine samples collected 21 days after calving. Vaginal samples (via cytobrush) from multiparous cows (n = 61) were obtained 1 week before calving (-1w) and uterine samples 1 week (+1w), 3 weeks (+3w), and 5 weeks (+5w) after calving. Samples of healthy cows (n = 11) and cows with endometritis (n = 11) were selected for DNA extraction and 16S rRNA sequencing. Richness and diversity measures in the uterine microbiota were not different between healthy and diseased groups (Chao p = 0.17, Simpson p = 0.29) at -1w, +1w and +5w. Uterine microbiota composition differed (p = 0.03) between groups only at 3 weeks after calving. Diseased cows had a lower relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and a higher abundance of Actinobacteria than healthy cows. Bacteria that grew in culture were often represented within the most abundant bacterial genera in the DNA sequencing 3 weeks after calving.
Analisis Perkembangan Kemampuan Sosial Emosional pada Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di TK St. Theresia Mangulewa
Authors: Enem Nurtiana , Dhiu Konstantinus Dua , Sayangan Yohanes Vianey , Ita Efrida 
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perkembangan kemampuan sosial emosional pada anak usia 5-6 tahun di Tk St. Theresia Mangulewa dengan fokus pada aspek interaksi sosial, empati dan kerja sama. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian 26 anak kelas B dengan rentan usia 5-6 tahun. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Metode observasi yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data yang berkaitan dengan perkembangan kemampuan sosial emosional pada anak usia 5-6 tahun. Pada metode wawancara peneliti melakukan wawancara dengan kepala sekolah dan guru kelompok B (usia 5-6 tahun) Tk St. Theresia Mangulewa untuk mendapatkan data atau informasi yang berkaitan dengan perkembangan kemampuan sosial emosional pada anak 5-6 tahun. Pada tahap dokumentasi peneliti melakukan dokumentasi berupa foto dan dokumen lainnya yaitu data anak, penilaian harian, mingguan dari guru dan profil sekolah. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adaalah deskriptif kualititatif. Perkembangan kemampuan soial emosinal anak usia 5-6 tahun Tk.St.Theresia Mangulewa tahun 2024 adalah berdasarkan hasil obsevasi,pengamatan dan wawancara yang dilakukan ditemukan bahwa jumlah peserta didik kelompok B Tk. St.Theresia Mangulewa tahun 2024 berjumlah 26 anak dengan rincian yang berjenis kelamin perempuan berjumlah 10 anak dan yang berjenis kelamin laki-laki berjumlah 16 anak. Dari uraian diatas setelah dilakukan pendekatan,pengamatan ,obsevasi dan wawancara baik secara langsung dilakukan pada saat KBM berlangsung maupun melalui pengamatan didalam dan diluar kelas ditemukan bahwa dari 26 anak siswa siwi kelompok B Tk. St.Theresia Mangulewa yang perkembangan kemampuan sosial emosionalnya sudah baik dan mengalami kemajuan berjumlah 21 anak dan yang masih butuh proses dan stimulasi dari guru dan orang-orang sekitar berjumlah 5 anak,Dari rincian ini ketika dipersenkan dapat dibuat sesuai data diatas adalah yang perkembangannya mengalami kemajuan dan sudah membaik sebesar 93% dan yang masih dalam taraf belajar dan butuh bimbingan dan stimulasi sebesar 10%.
FLUIDOTERAPIA NA CETOACIDOSE DIABÉTICA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Amaral Gabriela Ramos do , Gadelha Mariana de Melo 
Published: February 2025

A cetoacidose diabética (CAD) é a complicação aguda mais comum em crianças com diabetes tipo 1. O tratamento inclui reposição de volume e eletrólitos, administração de insulina e monitorização clínica e laboratorial. Existem controvérsias acerca da fluidoterapia, sobre qual o melhor fluido a ser utilizado e suas possíveis complicações. Objetivo: Revisar sobre a fluidoterapia no manejo da CAD e as complicações associadas. Métodos: Revisão narrativa com base de dados PubMed utilizando os descritores (Diabetic Ketoacidosis) AND (Fluid Therapy) AND (Pediatric). Resultados e Discussão: Foram selecionados 16 artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos. O fluido ideal para ser utilizado no manejo da CAD é um ponto de debate. A solução salina 0.9% é amplamente utilizada, mas pode causar acidose hiperclorêmica e lesão renal aguda (LRA). Alternativas como ringer lactato têm sido estudadas, mostrando menor risco de edema cerebral. O uso do Plasma-Lyte também é recomendado, pois tem menos cloreto e menor risco de acidose. Complicações associadas ao manejo da CAD incluem edema cerebral, LRA, hipocalemia, hipofosfatemia e acidose metabólica hiperclorêmica. Conclusão: A fluidoterapia é um componente essencial no tratamento da CAD, porém o tipo de fluido, a velocidade de infusão e a tonicidade dos líquidos permanecem tópicos de debate, especialmente considerando o risco de complicações como o edema cerebral e a LRA sendo necessário a realização de mais estudos acerca desse tema.
The Importance of Audio-Visual Materials in Teaching ESL Vocabulary at Primary School Level
Authors: Chiriac Ramona 
Published: February 2025

<p dir="ltr"><span> </span><span>This article explores the role of audio-visual materials in teaching vocabulary to primary school students, emphasizing their benefits in enhancing language acquisition and communication skills. The significance of audiovisual materials in English-as-a-second-language (ESL) classrooms is increasingly recognized as technology and foreign language education evolve. Understanding the nature and development of these materials is crucial since they enhance the learning experience. The interplay of language, structured as a macro-system, involves various micro-systems, where grammar is just one component. Modern theories of language acquisition highlight individual learner traits, allowing teaching through audiovisual content to connect with personal experiences. Teachers play a pivotal role, tasked with organizing these experiences and providing suitable materials. Authentic teaching resources, drawn from real-life contexts, have become invaluable, facilitated by audiovisual techniques that require diligent preparation and enthusiasm from educators and institutions. </span><span><br /></span><span>Today's ESL teaching emphasizes comprehension and oral skills from an early age, moving away from traditional methods in search of innovative approaches. Quality must take precedence over quantity in teaching materials to effectively engage students. Ultimately, the success of various foreign language teaching methods largely hinges on the teacher's attitude, who must cultivate a positive and dynamic classroom atmosphere to encourage successful language learning.</span></p><div><span><br /></span></div>
Bamboo Plants Inventory at Barangay Baganihan in Marilog District, Davao City, Philippines: The First Step in the Adopted Community's Lab-Bayong Sustainability Project
Authors: Alderite Genaro Jr F. , Cabugsa Zarine H. , Entera Zandro Ceasar M. 
Published: February 2025

Aims: The goal of the study was to establish baseline data on bamboo species inventory and diversity, and soil suitability area at Barangay Baganihan, Marilog District, Davao City to support the community's LAB-BAYONG sustainability project.
Study Design: Descriptive design with a quantitative methodology to inventory bamboo species was utilized. Field surveys were conducted to identify bamboo species to the lowest taxonomic level utilizing morphological traits and taxonomic keys. The frequency and relative frequency of each bamboo species were documented and species diversity was evaluated. Soil characterization analysis of soil texture, pH, and macronutrient concentrations (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium).
Place and Duration of Study: The adopted community of Barangay Baganihan, Marilog District, Davao City, was the site of this study. Its coordinates are 7o28'26"N and 125o14'36"E. One shot sampling was done on September 2024 to account the bamboo present in the study site.
Methodology: Two Belt Transects were established with 20m X 20m off the access route and marked with GPS running perpendicular to the access routes for at least 200 m with the direction recorded. Photographs were also made from actual observations in the field sites of bamboo plants in their natural habitat. To achieve information about the general soil conditions of the research site, soil texture, Soil pH and NPK (Nitrogen, Potassium and Phosphate) were examined.
Results: The results indicated a low density for both mature and young specimens of Cephalostachyum mindorense, often known as climbing bamboo. The sampling locations exhibit a soil composition ranging from coarse sand to clay, with a pH level between 5.0 and 6.5. The concentrations of Total Nitrogen (N), Total Phosphorus (P), and Total Potassium (K) are recorded at 0.31%, 1.8 ppm, and 75.9 ppm, respectively.
Conclusion: Cephalostachyum mindorense, the only recognized species, has little diversity and a high proportion of mature plants. The soil physico-chemical analysis revealed the potential for bamboo growth, although potassium (K) levels need to be improved.
Long-Term Engagement of Patients With Advanced Cancer
Authors: Patel Manali I. , Agrawal Madhuri , Blayney Douglas W. , Bundorf M. Kate , Milstein Arnold 
Published: May 2024

ImportanceThe long-term effect of interventions that assist patients with establishing their end-of-life care preferences among patients with cancer remain relatively unknown.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association of a long-term intervention of a lay health worker–led advance care planning intervention among patients with advanced stages of cancer with overall survival and end-of-life health care use and costs.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis follow-up study of the EPAC randomized clinical trial conducted between August 2013 and February 2015 used data from 9.4 years after the first patient was enrolled with a data cut-off date of February 1, 2023. Overall, 213 participants with stage 3 or 4 or recurrent cancer in the US Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System were included.InterventionsA 6-month lay health worker–led education and support intervention to assist patients with establishing their end-of-life preferences vs usual care.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe outcomes of interest were overall survival, risk of death, restricted mean survival time, and palliative care, hospice, and acute care use in the final 30 days before death for participants who died.ResultsAmong 213 participants randomized and included in the intention-to-treat analysis, the mean (SD) age was 69.3 (9.1) years; 211 (99.1%) were male, 2 (0.90%) were female. There were no demographic or clinical characteristic imbalances at enrollment. As of February 1, 2023, 188 had died. The intervention group had a 25% reduction in risk of death (hazard ratio, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.56-0.98); more palliative care (44 [50.0%] vs 35 [35.0%]) and hospice use (64 [72.7%] vs 53 [53.0%]); and lower emergency department use (20 [22.7%] vs 47 [47.0%]), hospitalizations (17 [19.3%] vs 46 [46.0%]), and median (IQR) total health care costs (median [IQR], $1637 [$383-$9026] vs $18 520 [$4790-$50 729]) than control group participants.Conclusions and RelevanceThe effects of the lay health worker–led intervention remain durable, with nearly complete follow-up, supporting integration into routine cancer care.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02966509
Obstacles to Biosimilar Acceptance and Uptake in Oncology
Authors: Mroczek Daniel K. , Hauner Katherina , Greene George J. , Kaiser Karen , Peipert John Devin , Golf Mary , Kircher Sheetal , Shaunfield Sara , Lylerohr Madison , Cella David 
Published: May 2024

ImportanceBiosimilar drugs provide cost-effective yet clinically indistinguishable replications of target drugs. During initial development, this class of biologic medicines was expected to revolutionize pharmaceutical markets; however, following US Food and Drug Administration approval of the first biosimilar drug in 2015, the commercialization of biosimilars has been limited. The lack of biosimilar use may be especially salient in oncology, given that biosimilar distribution in this particularly high-cost area of medicine would bring savings on the order of many billions of dollars.ObservationsWhile researchers have focused on salient economic barriers to biosimilar uptake in the US, the present review provides insight regarding noneconomic barriers. This review discusses psychological, attitudinal, and educational factors among both health care professionals and payers in the US that may play a role in slowing biosimilar uptake. More specifically, these factors include a lack of health care professional education, concerns of safety and efficacy, and overly complex product naming systems.Conclusions and RelevanceThe pathway to biosimilar use has been obstructed by economic elements as well as attitudinal and psychological factors. For biosimilar drugs to achieve their potential in decreasing treatment costs and thus increasing patient access, it will be essential for both economic and noneconomic factors to be identified and systematically addressed.
Frequent flight responses, but low escape distance of wild boar to nonlethal human disturbance
Authors: Wielgus Elodie , Henrich Maik , Fiderer Christian , Töws Ariana , Michel Jan‐Niklas , Kronthaler Franz , Heurich Marco 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Human activities can affect the behaviour and fitness of wildlife. However, the response of animals to nonlethal human activities has not been well‐studied in wild boar, Sus scrofa, even though it is a widespread species in Europe and has become of increasing concern because of crop damages and its vector capacity for diseases.

We study the behavioural responses of GPS‐collared wild boar to nonlethal experimental human approaches in the Bohemian Forest Ecosystem along the border between Germany and the Czech Republic. We describe and quantify the flight responses of the animals and assess whether they vary with the distance to recreational paths and the occurrence of hunting in the area.

We show that wild boar were disturbed and displaced by human approaches on foot in 69% of the trials, but the average flight initiation and escape distances were relatively small (93 and 256 m, respectively). The probability of a flight response decreased with distance from the paths and increased with the ruggedness of the terrain. In the non‐hunting zone, the flight initiation distances and flight durations were shorter than in the hunting zone.

Our results suggest a weak effect of nonlethal human disturbances on the movement of wild boar, although the animals were sensitive to the perceived risk in relation to recreation infrastructure and hunting.

For the management of diseases such as African swine fever, it can be concluded that nonlethal disturbances are unlikely to accelerate the spread of the disease due to far‐distance movements. Guidelines for restrictions in case of an outbreak might be adjusted accordingly.
Designing Advanced Amorphous/Nanocrystalline Alloys by Controlling the Energy State
Authors: Wang Jun‐Qiang , Song Li Jian , Huo Jun Tao , Gao Meng , Zhang Yan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAmorphous alloys, also known as metallic glasses, exhibit many advanced mechanical, physical, and chemical properties. Owing to the nonequilibrium nature, their energy states can vary over a wide range. However, the energy relaxation kinetics are very complex and composed of various types that are coupled with each other. This makes it challenging to control the energy state precisely and to study the energy‐properties relationship. This brief review introduces the recent progresses on studying the enthalpy relaxation kinetics during isothermal annealing, for example, the observation of two‐step relaxation phenomenon, the detection of relaxation unit (relaxun), the key role of large activation entropy in triggering memory effect, the influence of glass energy state on nanocrystallization. Based on the above knowledge, a new strategy is proposed to design a series of amorphous alloys and their composites consisting of nanocrystals and glass matrix with superior functional properties by precisely controlling the nonequilibrium energy states. As the typical examples, Fe‐based amorphous alloys with both advanced soft magnetism and good plasticity, Gd‐based amorphous/nanocrystalline composites with large magnetocaloric effect, and Fe‐based amorphous alloys with high catalytic performance are specifically described.
Electromechanically Reconfigurable Terahertz Stereo Metasurfaces
Authors: Prakash Saurav , Pitchappa Prakash , Agrawal Piyush , Jani Hariom , Zhao Yunshan , Kumar Abhishek , Thong John , Linke Jian , Ariando Ariando , Singh Ranjan , Venkatesan Thirumalai 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDynamic terahertz devices are vital for the next generation of wireless communication, sensing, and non‐destructive imaging technologies. Metasurfaces have emerged as a paradigm‐shifting platform, offering varied functionalities, miniaturization, and simplified fabrication compared to their 3D counterparts. However, the presence of in‐plane mirror symmetry and reduced degree of freedom impose fundamental limitations on achieving advanced chiral response, beamforming, and reconfiguration capabilities. In this work, a platform composed of electrically actuated resonators that can be colossally reconfigured between planar and 3D geometries is demonstrated. To illustrate the platform, metadevices with 3D Split Ring Resonators are fabricated, wherein two counteracting driving forces are combined: i) folding induced by stress mismatch, which enables non‐volatile state design and ii) unfolding triggered by the strain associated with insulator‐to‐metal transition in VO2, which facilitates volatile structural reconfiguration. This large structural reconfiguration space allows for resonance mode switching, widely tunable magnetic and electric polarizabilities, and increased frequency agility. Moreover, the unique properties of VO2, such as the hysteretic nature of its phase transition is harnessed to demonstrate a multi‐state memory. Therefore, these VO2 integrated metadevices are highly attractive for the realization of 6G communication devices such as reconfigurable intelligent surfaces, holographic beam formers, and spatial light modulators.
Reprogrammable Mechanics via Individually Switchable Bistable Unit Cells in a Prestrained Chiral Metamaterial
Authors: Tahidul Haque A. B. M. , Ferracin Samuele , Raney Jordan R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractArchitected materials exhibit unique properties and functionalities based on the geometric arrangement of their constituent materials. In most cases, these parameters are fixed, requiring that the system be redesigned and reconstructed if different properties are desired. Both stimuli‐responsive materials and modular designs have been used to enable re‐programmable properties in the past, but often have limitations, such as the need for a continuous application of external stimuli or power, or unwanted global morphing. In this study, a locally stable anti‐tetra chiral (LSAT) metamaterial is introduced consisting of independently multistable units that can deform and change state without inducing changes in the global morphology. Adjacent cells are only weakly coupled, allowing the collective metamaterial to be switched between many different possible states. Local bistability enables re‐programmable heterogeneity, such as the snapping of cells along an edge or diagonally within the architected material. Utilizing finite element analysis (FEA), the influence of key geometric parameters on the re‐programmability of the metamaterials is systematically investigated. The effect of these parameters on properties such as shear stiffness, Poisson's ratio, and vibration are also investigated using experimental prototypes. This re‐programmable metamaterial promises to expand the design space for mechanical systems, with potential applications in non‐traditional computation, robotic actuation, and adaptive structures.