bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Planar linear arboricity conjecture
Authors: Cygan Marek , Hou Jian‐Feng , Kowalik Łukasz , Lužar Borut , Wu Jian‐Liang 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe linear arboricity la(G) of a graph G is the minimum number of linear forests (graphs where every connected component is a path) that partition the edges of G. In 1984, Akiyama et al. [Math Slovaca 30 (1980), 405–417] stated the Linear Arboricity Conjecture (LAC) that the linear arboricity of any simple graph of maximum degree Δ is either ⌈Δ/2⌉ or ⌈(Δ + 1)/2⌉. In [J. L. Wu, J Graph Theory 31 (1999), 129–134; J. L. Wu and Y. W. Wu, J Graph Theory 58(3) (2008), 210–220], it was proven that LAC holds for all planar graphs. LAC implies that for Δ odd, la(G) = ⌈Δ/2⌉. We conjecture that for planar graphs, this equality is true also for any even Δ⩾6. In this article we show that it is true for any even Δ⩾10, leaving open only the cases Δ = 6, 8. We present also an O(n logn) algorithm for partitioning a planar graph into max{la(G), 5} linear forests, which is optimal when Δ⩾9. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory
A stochastic space‐time model for the generation of daily rainfall in the Gaza Strip
Authors: Mhanna Muamaraldin , Bauwens Willy 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAn important limitation of commonly used single‐site rainfall models is that they are not able to reflect spatial characteristics, while many impact studies demand the accommodation of spatial rainfall correlations. As a result, a number of stochastic models have been developed to produce precipitation simultaneously at multiple sites. One of these models is the Wilks approach [1998. Journal of Hydrology 210: 178–191], which was the first method that sufficiently reproduces the main statistics of rainfall at a number of sites. So far, however, the literature does not provide many details about the ‘step by step’ procedure proposed by Wilks. In this paper, the Wilks approach is demonstrated for multi‐site, daily rainfall occurrences and amounts in the Gaza Strip. The paper demonstrates a complete methodology taking into account the original Wilks approach and suggests solutions for enhancing the model. The first improvement concerns an analytical calculation of the desired correlations in the random numbers that reproduce the observed correlations between the rainfall occurrence series, through a gamma coefficient. Secondly, the correlations between the rainfall amount series are specified using a rank correlation and then linearly transformed into product‐moment correlations to obtain the required correlations in the random numbers. Statistical analyses on the historical and generated rainfall series confirm that the model generally performs well, as it preserves all major characteristics of daily rainfall, as well as spatial characteristics. Major advantages of this model include its simplicity, its increased efficiency, a significant improvement in computational speed and a considerable gain in the effort for the implementation. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
An evidence based strategy for follow up after breast conserving treatment for breast cancer
Authors: Kontos Michael , Roy Pratik , Rizos Demetrios , Hamed Hisham 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesFollow up for breast cancer patients aims at the timely detection of loco‐regional recurrences and contralateral breast cancers (LRR). This study investigates the annual risk of LRR after breast conserving treatment (BCT) and the potential value of mammographic surveillance and/or routine clinical examination.MethodsData on 650 women who underwent BCT were obtained and LRR was divided into parenchymal and non‐parenchymal. LRR‐free and cumulative LRR‐free rates were calculated. In patients where recurrence was diagnosed at a routine clinic visit and had negative mammography (“clinical detection only” group) were also separately examined.ResultsMedian follow up was 115 months, range 9–196. Seventy‐three patients had parenchymal and 16 nodal recurrence. The median probability of LRR was 1.4% and of parenchymal LRR was 1.32% per year, remaining constant for up to 168 months. The 16 patients in the “clinical detection only” group relapsed mainly during the first 2 years (annual risk 0.77% and 0.80%, respectively).ConclusionsThis study shows that the risk of parenchymal LRR remains constant for at least 14 years and is significant enough to warrant routine long‐term follow up mammography. Routine clinical examination contributes significantly to the detection of LRR only for the first 2 years. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:223–227. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
To pack or not to pack? A contemporary review of middle ear packing agents
Authors: Shen Yi , Mei Teh Bing , Friedland Peter L. , Eikelboom Robert Henry , Atlas Marcus David 
Published: March 2011

AbstractMiddle ear packing agents are used in otologic surgery to provide support to the middle ear structures, maintain aeration of the middle ear, and promote hemostasis. However, there is currently a lack of standardization regarding the use of different types of packing agents. The choice of materials and how they are used remain controversial. In fact, some have recently advocated for no packing. In view of this, this review focuses on the types of materials available, a brief historical account of each material, characteristics of an ideal packing agent, and a discussion on the techniques of insertion to optimize surgical outcomes.
Regional and specialty variations in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Lee Linda N. , Bhattacharyya Neil 
Published: March 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To identify regional and specialty differences in the medical treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).Study Design:Cross‐sectional analysis of a national database.Methods:Ambulatory visits for CRS were extracted from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) for years 2005 to 2006. Medication utilization associated with CRS (antibiotics, antihistamines, nasal steroids, and oral steroids) was tabulated for medication class and individual drug. Statistical analyses were conducted to determine variations in medication class and specific drug utilization by U.S. geographic region and physician specialty, specifically primary care physicians (PCP) versus otolaryngologists (ORL).Results:Among an estimated 36.2 ± 0.3 million visits for CRS (mean age, 36.8 ± 1.4 years; 60.1 ± 1.9% female), the ratio of PCP to ORL visits was 10:1. The percent of clinician visits with prescriptions for antibiotics (47.3 ± 3.0% of overall visits), nasal steroids (10.8 ± 1.4%) and oral steroids (2.8 ± 0.7%) did not vary significantly by geographic region (P = .79,.66, and.34, respectively). Antihistamines were prescribed significantly more often in the South (15.3 ± 3.4% of visits vs. 11.3 ± 1.8% nationally, P = .04). PCPs were significantly more likely to prescribe antibiotics compared to ORLs (53.3 ± 2.9% vs. 27.4 ± 4.2%, respectively, P < .001) and less likely to prescribe both nasal steroids (9.7 ± 1.5% vs. 17.5 ± 2.8%, P = .01) and oral steroids (2.3 ± 0.7% vs. 6.6 ± 2.0%, P = .01). Significant differences existed for specific drugs prescribed according to specialty.Conclusions:There are significant variations in the outpatient medical treatment of CRS according to geography and specialty. This study highlights the need for evidence‐based medical treatment protocols for CRS.
Large needle suction aspiration of permanent fillers
Authors: Wilson YuShan L. , Ellis David A. F. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractTemporary injectable fillers have become so widely accepted within the cosmetic medical industry that permanent fillers with longer lasting effects are fast gaining popularity. Both patients and physicians alike have eagerly sought a product to minimize the inconvenience and cost of repeated injections. However, the fear is that the use of permanent fillers may lead to permanent problems. We describe here an in‐office technique to remove permanent injectable fillers that achieves consistent, natural results with minimal risk of scarring.
Evaluation of biological geotextiles for reducing runoff and soil loss under various environmental conditions using laboratory and field plot data
Authors: Smets T. , Poesen J. , Bhattacharyya R. , Fullen M. A. , Subedi M. , Booth C. A. , Kertész A. , Szalai Z. , Toth A. , Jankauskas B. , Jankauskiene G. , Guerra A. , Bezerra J. F. R. , Yi Zheng , Panomtaranichagul M. , Bühmann C. , Paterson D. G. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPreliminary investigations suggest biological geotextiles could be an effective and inexpensive soil conservation method, with enormous global potential. However, limited quantitative data are available on the erosion‐reducing effects of biological geotextiles. Therefore, the objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of biological geotextiles in reducing runoff and soil loss under controlled laboratory conditions and under field conditions reflecting continental, temperate and tropical environments. In laboratory experiments, interrill runoff, interrill erosion and concentrated flow erosion were simulated using various rainfall intensities, flow shear stresses and slope gradients. Field plot data on the effects of biological geotextiles on sheet and rill erosion were collected in several countries (UK, Hungary, Lithuania, South Africa, Brazil, China and Thailand) under natural rainfall. Overall, based on the field plot data, the tested biological geotextiles reduce runoff depth and soil loss rates on average by 46 per cent and 79 per cent, respectively, compared to the values for bare soil. For the field and laboratory data of all tested geotextiles combined, no significant difference in relative runoff depth between field measurements and interrill laboratory experiments is observed. However, relative soil loss rate for the concentrated flow laboratory experiments are significantly higher compared to the interrill laboratory experiments and the field plot measurements. Although this study points to some shortcomings of conducting laboratory experiments to represent true field conditions, it can be concluded that the range and the mean relative runoff depth and soil loss rate as observed with the field measurements is similar to those as observed with the interrill laboratory experiments. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integrating emotions in the analysis of retail price images
Authors: Zielke Stephan 
Published: March 2011

AbstractMost studies on retail price images do not capture the complete domain of this construct because they predominantly measure the cognitive dimensions of price perception. The current paper extends this research by integrating emotions in the analysis of retail price images. Results from an empirical study demonstrate that several price‐related emotions mediate the impact of cognitive price image dimensions on intentions to shop in retail stores. Such effects exist for distress, anger, contempt, shame, and guilt. Furthermore, these emotions have an incremental effect on shopping intentions beyond the mere cognitive price image dimensions. Hence, integrating these emotions in the analysis of retail price images improves the prediction of such intentions considerably. An analysis of direct, indirect, and total effects shows that price‐level perception influences shopping intentions negatively via increased contempt, shame, and guilt, but positively via value for money. Value proves to be a central dimension of a retailer's price image as value influences shopping intentions directly, but also via reduced distress, anger, contempt, shame, and guilt. The results yield important research and management implications, as integrating emotions in the analysis of retail price images extends the understanding of customer reactions to retailers' pricing activities. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The impact of product knowledge on consumer product memory and evaluation in the competitive ad context: The item‐specific‐relational perspective
Authors: Lee Byung‐Kwan , Lee Wei‐Na 
Published: March 2011

AbstractResearch evidence to date suggests that the combined presence of item‐specific and relational processing is necessary to induce higher memory performance of the target ad and proper evaluation of the target brand. This elaborative processing, however, requires cognitive capacity. In this paper, an item‐specific‐relational processing framework was employed to explain the roles of consumer product knowledge in the competitive and non‐competitive ad contexts. Findings from an experimental study suggest that high‐ and low‐knowledge consumers differed in product memory and evaluation in competitive and non‐competitive ad contexts. Such differences could be explained by consumers' engaging in item‐specific and/or relational processing depending on whether target brand information was presented with or without information on competing brands. It appears that competitive ad context would benefit low‐knowledge consumers by serving as a reference. In contrast, high‐knowledge consumers did not seem to be affected by ad context. Both theoretical and managerial implications are discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pramipexole versus ropinirole: Polysomnographic acute effects in restless legs syndrome
Authors: Manconi Mauro , Ferri Raffaele , Zucconi Marco , Oldani Alessandro , Giarolli Laura , Bottasini Valentina , Ferini‐Strambi Luigi 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBackground: Pramipexole and ropinirole have become the first‐line treatment for restless legs syndrome. The aim of this study was to perform the first direct comparison between these two molecules in restless legs syndrome. Methods: A double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, double‐night and prospective investigation was carried out in 45 consecutive naïve patients with idiopathic restless legs syndrome. Each patient underwent two consecutive full‐night polysomnographies: the first baseline recording was performed without premedication and, before the second recording, first group received a single oral dose of 0.25 mg pramipexole, second group a single oral dose of 0.5 mg ropinirole, and the remaining patients received placebo.Results and Discussion: Both dopamine agonists improved restless legs syndrome symptoms and markedly suppressed periodic leg movements during sleep compared to placebo, without significant differences between pramipexole and ropinirole. No significant side effects, except for mild morning nausea (2 patients treated with ropinirole, 3 with pramipexole, and 1 with placebo), were reported. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Brainstem metabolites in multiple system atrophy of cerebellar type: 3.0‐T magnetic resonance spectroscopy study
Authors: Takado Yuhei , Igarashi Hironaka , Terajima Kenshi , Shimohata Takayoshi , Ozawa Tetsutaro , Okamoto Kouichirou , Nishizawa Masatoyo , Nakada Tsutomu 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBackground: The aim of this study was to find biomarkers of disease severity in multiple system atrophy of cerebellar type by imaging disease specific regions using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy on a 3.0 T system.Methods: We performed proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy separately in the pons and medulla on 12 multiple system atrophy of cerebellar type patients and 12 age and gender matched control subjects. The metabolite concentrations were estimated from single‐voxel proton magnetic resonance spectra measured by point resolved spectroscopy, which were then correlated with clinical severity using Part I, II, and IV of the unified multiple system atrophy rating scale.Results: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed that myo‐inositol concentrations in both the pons and medulla were significantly higher in multiple system atrophy of cerebellar type patients compared to those of the control subjects (P < 0.05). By contrast, total N‐acetylaspartate (the sum of N‐acetylaspartate and N‐acetylaspartylglutamate) and total choline compounds concentrations in both the pons and medulla were significantly lower in multiple system atrophy of cerebellar type patients compared to control subjects (P < 0.05). Creatine concentration in the pons was significantly higher in multiple system atrophy of cerebellar type patients compared to the control subjects (P < 0.05). Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between the myo‐inositol/creatine ratio in the pons and clinical severity, defined by the sum score of unified multiple system atrophy rating scale (I+II+IV) (r = 0.76, P < 0.01).Conclusion: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, in conjunction with a 3.0 T system, can be feasible to detect part of pathological changes in the brainstem, such as gliosis and neuronal cell loss, and the metabolites can be used as biomarkers of clinical severity in multiple system atrophy of cerebellar type patients. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Musician's dystonia and comorbid anxiety: Two sides of one coin?
Authors: Enders Leonie , Spector June T. , Altenmüller Eckart , Schmidt Alexander , Klein Christine , Jabusch Hans‐Christian 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBackground:Psychological abnormalities, including anxiety, have been observed in patients with musician's dystonia (MD). It is unclear if these conditions develop prior to MD or if they are psychoreactive phenomena.Methods:Psychological conditions were studied in 44 professional musicians with MD, 45 healthy musicians, and 44 healthy nonmusicians using the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and NEO Five‐Factor Inventory (NEO‐FFI).Results:Musicians with MD had significantly higher STAI state and trait anxiety scores than healthy musicians (P = .009 and P = .012, respectively) and nonmusicians (P = .013 and P = .001, respectively) and significantly higher NEO‐FFI neuroticism scores than healthy musicians (P = .018) and nonmusicians (P = .001). Duration of dystonia did not correlate with anxiety or neuroticism scores.Conclusions:Musicians with MD display increased levels of anxiety and neuroticism. The lack of correlation between anxiety and the duration of dystonia suggests that anxiety may not be a psychoreactive phenomenon and is consistent with the hypothesis that anxiety and MD share a common pathophysiological mechanism. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Autogenic heterotopic vascularized proximal interphalangeal joint transplantation in children
Authors: Chiu David T.W. , Lee Jonathan 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP) joint is the most crucial joint for the functionality of a finger. For a child with complex injury of the hand every effort should be exercised to maximize function restoration. If the PIP joint is irreparably damaged, its reconstruction is indicated. The technique of autogenic heterotopic vascularized toe joint transplantation provides unique advantage of a composite transfer of skin, tendons, bone and joint alone with growth plate and its efficacy has been affirmed in children. It has been suggested that such transfers require intact flexor tendon to achieve satisfactory results, our experience however indicates quite the contrary. As evidenced by this report of a 7‐year‐old boy with abrasion and avulsion injury to his dominant right hand resulting in a complex defect with skin lose, extensor, flexor avulsion along with cominution of the PIP joint of his long finger. A surgical formulation of staged reconstruction scheme including an autogenic heterotopic vascularized toe joint transplantation led to complete functional restoration to his right hand. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 2011.
On the need for the use of error‐controlled finite element analyses in structural shape optimization processes
Authors: Ródenas J. J. , Bugeda G. , Albelda J. , Oñate E. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis work analyzes the influence of the discretization error associated with the finite element (FE) analyses of each design configuration proposed by the structural shape optimization algorithms over the behavior of the algorithm. The paper clearly shows that if FE analyses are not accurate enough, the final solution provided by the optimization algorithm will neither be optimal nor satisfy the constraints. The need for the use of adaptive FE analysis techniques in shape optimum design will be shown. The paper proposes the combination of two strategies to reduce the computational cost related to the use of mesh adaptivity in evolutionary optimization algorithms: (a) the use of an algorithm for the mesh generation by projection of the discretization error, which reduces the computational cost associated with the adaptive FE analysis of each geometrical configuration and (b) the successive increase of the required accuracy of the FE analyses in order to obtain a considerable reduction of the computational cost in the early stages of the optimization process. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel hole patching algorithm for discrete geometry using non‐uniform rational B‐spline
Authors: Kumar Amitesh , Ito Yasushi , Yu Tzu‐Yi , Ross Douglas H. , Shih Alan M. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA hole patching algorithm for discrete geometry using a parametric approach based on Non‐Uniform Rational B‐Spline (NURBS) curves and surfaces is being presented in this paper. This algorithm is focused on recovering the missing geometric information based on the neighboring points surrounding the topologically simple but geometrically complex holes. The neighboring points are utilized to reconstruct a set of three‐dimensional (3D) NURBS surface patches covering the hole region which in turn are used to produce a smooth surface patch covering the hole. This algorithm can automatically identify the hole, obtain surrounding points, create the NURBS surfaces, and perform the projection of points onto the surface to complete the process. The algorithm also provides a way for the user to control the size and density of triangulation in the patches matching that of the surroundings. This paper describes the algorithm step by step in detail with a test case for description purposes. The validation of the algorithm is performed on several analytical geometries to assess the accuracy of the algorithm. Several complex geometries are used to demonstrate the success and robustness of the algorithm. Finally, a conclusion provides the overall assessment of this research and identifies its weaknesses for future improvements. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using mesh adaption for the identification of a spatial field of material properties
Authors: Puel G. , Aubry D. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIt is well known that the solution of an inverse problem is ill‐posed and not unique. To avoid difficulties caused by this, when solving such a problem, Tikhonov's regularization terms are usually added to the norm quantifying the discrepancy between the model's predictions and experimental data. This regularization term however is often inadequate to perform the identification of a field of material properties that varies spatially. This is all the more difficult when dealing with the numerical solution of this inverse problem, for the sought field is spatially discretized and this discretization can influence the result of the identification.We will here examine an overall strategy using classical adaptive meshing methods used to circumvent these drawbacks. The first step consists of using two distinct meshes: one associated with the discretization of the sought spatial field and the other associated with the solution of the mechanical problems (forward and adjoint states). In the second step, we will introduce local error estimators that allow an oriented refinement of the mesh associated with the sought parameters.This general strategy is applied to a practical case study: the detection of underground cavities using experimental data obtained by an interferometric device on a satellite. We will then address the question of how the regularization terms and the error estimator driving the mesh refinement were selected. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.