bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anoxybacillus salavatliensis sp. nov., an α‐glucosidase producing, thermophilic bacterium isolated from Salavatli, Turkey
Authors: Cihan Arzu Coleri , Ozcan Birgul , Cokmus Cumhur 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA novel moderately thermophilic, Gram‐positive staining, rod‐shaped, spore‐forming, motile, facultative anaerobic, and α‐glucosidase producing strain A343T, was isolated from a high temperature well‐pipeline sediment sample in Salavatli province of Aydin, Turkey. Growth was observed at 37–69 ºC (optimum 60 °C), at pH 5.5–9.5 (optimum 8.0–9.0) and at salinities from 0 to 4.5% (w/v) (optimum 2%). Strain A343T was able to grow on a wide range of carbon sources. Gelatin and starch utilization, amylase, catalase and oxidase activities, reduction of nitrate to nitrite were all positive. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 45.1 mol%. The major menaquinone was MK‐7. The dominant cellular fatty acids were: iso‐C15:0, C16:0, and iso‐C17:0. The phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the strain A343T belonged to the genus Anoxybacillus. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain A343T and the type strains of recognized Anoxybacillus species was ranged from 95.8 to 99.4%. DNA‐DNA hybridization revealed low homology with its closest relative Anoxybacillus kamchatkensis (49.7%). In addition to the total cell protein profiles, the Rep‐PCR and the intergenic 16S–23S rRNA gene fingerprinting profiles differentiated strain A343T from all of the reference Anoxybacillus species used. Based upon phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic evidence, strain A343T was assigned to a new species within the genus Anoxybacillus, A. salavatliensis sp. nov. (The type strain A343T= DSM 22626T = NCIMB 14579T). The 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence of strain A343T is available in the GenBank database under the accession number – EU326496. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Beryllium‐10 surface exposure dating of glacial successions in the Central Alaska Range
Authors: Dortch Jason M. , Owen Lewis A. , Caffee Marc W. , Li Dewen , Lowell Thomas V. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractGlacial landforms and outwash terraces in the Nenana River valley, Reindeer Hills and Monahan Flat in the central Alaska Range were dated with 6010Be exposure ages to determine the timing of Late Pleistocene glaciation. In the Nenana River valley, glaciation occurred at 104–180 ka (Lignite Creek glaciation), ca. 55 ka (Healy glaciation), and ca. 16 ka (Carlo Creek phase); glaciers retreated in the Reindeer Hills and Monahan Flat by ca. 14 ka and ca. 13 ka, respectively. The Carlo Creek moraine is similar in age to at least six other moraines in the Alaska Range, Ahklun Mountains and Brooks Range. The new data suggest that post‐depositional geological processes limit the usefulness of10Be methods to the latter part (≤60 ka) of the late Quaternary in central Alaska. Ages on Healy and younger landforms cluster well, with the exception of Riley Creek moraines and Monahan Flat‐west sites, where boulders were likely affected by post‐depositional processes. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ongoing exposure versus intense periodic exposure to military conflict and terror attacks in Israel
Authors: Lahad Mooli , Leykin Dmitry 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe manifestation of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in two clinical samples in Israel (N = 212) was examined. Individuals suffering ongoing exposure to shelling were compared with subjects exposed to intense periodic exposure. Elevated arousal and avoidance symptoms, but not intrusion were reported in the ongoing exposure group. When compared by age, young participants in the ongoing exposure group had significantly lower PTSD scores, whereas no differences were found between participants among the intense periodic exposure age groups. No gender differences in symptoms were found among participants from intense periodic exposure, whereas in the other ongoing group the difference was in avoidance. Results are discussed in light of past research on exposure to terrorism.
A phase I study of zoledronic acid and low‐dose cyclophosphamide in recurrent/refractory neuroblastoma: A new approaches to neuroblastoma therapy (NANT) study
Authors: Russell Heidi V. , Groshen Susan G. , Ara Tasnim , DeClerck Yves A. , Hawkins Randy , Jackson Hollie A. , Daldrup‐Link Heike E. , Marachelian Araz , Skerjanec Andrej , Park Julie R. , Katzenstein Howard , Matthay Katherine K. , Blaney Susan M. , Villablanca Judith G. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackgroundZoledronic acid, a bisphosphonate, delays progression of bone metastases in adult malignancies. Bone is a common metastatic site of advanced neuroblastoma. We previously reported efficacy of zoledronic acid in a murine model of neuroblastoma bone invasion prompting this Phase I trial of zoledronic acid with cyclophosphamide in children with neuroblastoma and bone metastases. The primary objective was to determine recommended dosing of zoledronic acid for future trials.ProcedureEscalating doses of intravenous zoledronic acid were given every 28 days with oral metronomic cyclophosphamide (25 mg/m2/day). Toxicity, response, zoledronic acid pharmacokinetics, bone turnover markers, serum IL‐6, and sIL‐6R were evaluated.ResultsTwenty‐one patients, median age 7.5 (range 0.8–25.6) years were treated with 2 mg/m2 (n = 4), 3 mg/m2 (n = 3), or 4 mg/m2 (n = 14) zoledronic acid. Fourteen patients were evaluable for dose escalation. A median of one (range 1–18) courses was given. Two dose limiting toxicities (grade 3 hypophosphatemia) occurred at 4 mg/m2 zoledronic acid. Other grades 3–4 toxicities included hypocalcemia (n = 2), elevated transaminases (n = 1), neutropenia (n = 2), anemia (n = 1), lymphopenia (n = 1), and hypokalemia (n = 1). Osteosclerosis contributed to fractures in one patient after 18 courses. Responses in evaluable patients included 1 partial response, 9 stable disease (median 4.5 courses, range 3–18), and 10 progressions. Zoledronic acid pharmacokinetics were similar to adults. Markers of osteoclast activity and serum IL‐6 levels decreased with therapy.ConclusionsZoledronic acid with metronomic cyclophosphamide is well tolerated with clinical and biologic responses in recurrent/refractory neuroblastoma. The recommended dose of zoledronic acid is 4 mg/m2 every 28 days. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 57: 275–282. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The effect of incident antidiabetic regimens on lipid profiles in veterans with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort
Authors: Roumie Christianne L. , Huizinga Mary Margaret , Liu Xulei , Greevy Robert A. , Grijalva Carlos G. , Murff Harvey J. , Hung Adriana M. , Griffin Marie R. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjectiveEffects of oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) on lipids may influence cardiovascular outcomes. Our aim was to compare time to initiation of lipid lowering medication (LLM) and 12‐month lipid profiles among new OAD users.MethodsWe identified a retrospective cohort of 17 774 veterans who received care at Veterans Administration (VA) Mid‐South Network with a first OAD from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2007. There were 6917 patients (38.9%) not on a LLM at baseline, and 3871 (56%) had complete covariates. Incident users of sulfonylurea and combination metformin + sulfonylurea were compared to metformin users for time to LLM initiation. Incident users of these OADs and thiazolidendiones were included in comparison of 12‐month low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), high‐density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TGs), and total cholesterol. All analyses adjusted for demographics, lipids, HbA1C, healthcare utilization, and cardiovascular disease at baseline.ResultsThe median time to starting LLM was 2.35 years (interquartile range 0.96, 4.6) following metformin initiation and not statistically different for users of sulfonylureas, or combination OADs. Compared to metformin users, 12‐month HDL was 1.35 mg/dl (95%CI: −2.01, −0.72) lower and TGs were 5.7% higher (95%CI: 1.5%, 10.0%) for sulfonylurea users; TGs were 24.8% (95%CI: 0.7%, 54.5%) higher for thiazolidinedione users. Statin users had LDL and total cholesterol 16.7 mg/dl (95%CI: −19.9, −13.5) and 18.6 mg/dl (95%CI: −22.1, −15.1) lower than non‐statin users, respectively.ConclusionsTime to LLM initiation was similar between OADs. Metformin use resulted in more favorable lipids at 12 months compared to sulfonylureas or thiazolidinediones. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thermal, mechanical and acoustic damping properties of flexible open‐cell polyurethane/multi‐walled carbon nanotube foams: effect of surface functionality of nanotubes
Authors: Bandarian Maryam , Shojaei Akbar , Rashidi Ali Morad 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis article demonstrates the properties of open‐cell flexible polyurethane foams incorporating multi‐walled carbon nanotubes. Three different types of highly functionalized nanotubes having carboxyl, hydroxyl and amide functional groups were synthesized. Neat polyurethane foam and three nanocomposite foams filled with 0.1 wt% of treated nanotubes were prepared. It was found that thermal stability, mechanical properties and acoustic damping were improved significantly by incorporation of small amounts of nanotubes. The nanotubes modified with carboxyl groups were found to have much more influence compared to the other two functional groups, possibly due to better interfacial interaction and improved dispersion. Scanning electron microscopy revealed micro‐cells with average diameters less than 5 µm in the skeleton of foams filled with nanotubes modified with hydroxyl and carboxyl, the formation of which was attributed to the generation of gaseous materials through the reaction with isocyanate. Such micro‐cells were found to be influential in improving mechanical and acoustic damping. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Fabrication of photonic crystal structure on indium tin oxide electrode of GaN‐based light‐emitting diodes
Authors: Byeon Kyeong‐Jae , Park Hyoungwon , Cho Joong‐Yeon , Yang Ki‐Yeon , Baek Jong Hyeob , Jung Gun Young , Lee Heon 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWafer‐scale UV nanoimprint and dry etching processes were used to fabricate photonic crystal patterns on an indium tin oxide (ITO) top electrode of GaN‐based green light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). Photonic crystal patterns with pitches ranging from 600 to 900 nm were transferred to the entire 2‐inch LED wafer. Plasma damage in the GaN crystal of the LED device was avoided because the GaN was covered by ITO layer and was not exposed to the etching plasma during the ITO dry etching process. Consequently, the electroluminescence intensity of the patterned LED devices was enhanced up to 25% at 20 mA of driving current, compared to the nonpatterned LED device, while the forward voltage was similar.
Mode of action of peppermint oil and (‐)‐menthol with respect to 5‐HT3receptor subtypes: binding studies, cation uptake by receptor channels and contraction of isolated rat ileum
Authors: Heimes Katharina , Hauk Florian , Verspohl Eugen J. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPeppermint oil (Mentha×piperitaL. (Lamiaceae) has been shown to exert potent antiemetic properties, but its mode of action has not yet been elucidated. Among its active constituents (‐)‐menthol is the most important. Three differentin vitromodels were used to investigate the effects on 5‐HT3receptors (serotonin receptor subtype): [14C]guanidinium influx into N1E‐115 cells which express 5‐HT3receptors, isotonic contractions of the isolated rat ileum and equilibrium competition binding studies using a radioactively labelled 5‐HT3receptor antagonist ([3H]GR65630) (3‐(5‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐4‐yl)‐1‐(1‐methyl‐1H‐indol‐3‐yl)‐1‐propanone). Both peppermint oil and (‐)‐menthol inhibited [14C]guanidinium influx through 5‐HT3receptor channels as well as contractions of the ileum induced by serotonin. Neither the peppermint oil nor (‐)‐menthol, however, was able to displace [3H]GR65630 from 5‐HT3binding sites. It may be concluded that peppermint oil and (‐)‐menthol exert their antiemetic effect at least partly by acting on the 5‐HT3receptor ion‐channel complex, probably by binding to a modulatory site distinct from the serotonin binding site. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Anxiolytic effects of fractions obtained from Passiflora incarnata L. in the elevated plus maze in mice
Authors: Sampath C. , Holbik M. , Krenn L. , Butterweck V. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to characterize the putative anxiolytic‐like activity of fractions prepared from a hydroethanol extract of Passiflora incarnata L. using the elevated plus‐maze (EPM) in mice. The fractions were prepared as published recently, yielding a butanol, petroleum ether and chloroform fraction. From the tested fractions, the butanol fraction showed significant increases in the number of open arm entries in the EPM in concentrations of 2.1 mg/kg and 4.2 mg/kg corresponding to 150 and 300 mg/kg of the original extract. The highest activity was found for the chloroform fraction in doses of 0.17 mg/kg (10.0 ± 1.9, p < 0.001) and 0.34 mg/kg (6.6 ± 0.86; p < 0.05) which corresponds to a total extract dose of 150 and 300 mg/kg, respectively. Interestingly, the petroleum ether fraction did not show any effects in the elevated plus maze. A sedative or stimulatory effect of each of the fractions could be excluded, since none of the compounds had an influence on the total distance that the animals covered during the observation period. The results suggest that the active principle of passion flower seems to be in the chloroform fraction and to a lower extent in the butanol fraction. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Surface energy balance and turbulence network during the Convective and Orographically‐induced Precipitation Study (COPS)
Authors: Eigenmann R. , Kalthoff N. , Foken T. , Dorninger M. , Kohler M. , Legain D. , Pigeon G. , Piguet B. , Schüttemeyer D. , Traulle O. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractExperimental data of the energy balance and the turbulence network installed during the Convective and Orographically‐induced Precipitation Study (COPS) field campaign of 2007 are presented in this study. The network aims at providing continuous surface flux and other surface micrometeorological data of the required high accuracy and quality for further fundamental research. An overview of the turbulence data processing and data quality control, including footprint analysis and a check for internal boundary layers, is given. The consistently applied approach allows for a high comparability of the turbulent flux data of sensible and latent heat. The reaction of surface fluxes during the observed frontal passage during the Intensive Observation Period (IOP) 9c (20 July 2007) is presented. As surface fluxes were measured over different land‐use types and at different locations within the COPS area, the effect of land use and orography on turbulent fluxes is discussed with the help of IOP 8b (15 July 2007). The flux differences between individual sites due to varying surface characteristics are often larger than the flux differences with changing altitude. The oasis effect observed for the highly evapotranspirating maize fields is found to increase the residuum of the surface energy balance. At all sites and during both IOPs the occurrence of near‐ground free convection conditions (FCCs) is investigated. During the oasis effect, FCCs do not occur. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Collapse resistance of unreinforced steel moment connections
Authors: Kim Taejin , Kim Un‐Suk , Kim Jinkoo 
Published: November 2010

SUMMARYExperimental and analytical studies of steel moment connections in gravity load resisting systems were conducted to understand the connection behaviour under progressive collapse. An exterior beam–column assemblage was selected from the gravity load resisting system in a steel building. Two identical, full‐scale, unreinforced welded steel beam‐to‐column moment connection specimens were tested under monotonic and cyclic loading to investigate the effects of applied loading conditions on the connection rotation capacity. The beam web was connected to the column flange by bolting and the beam flanges were complete joint penetration welded to the column flange. The specimens failed by fracture in the beam flange CJP weld at story drifts of 9.2 % (specimen SP1 under monotonic loading) and 3.4% (specimen SP2 under cyclic loading). The maximum drift angle achieved in the monotonic test exceeded the General Service Administration criterion for welded unreinforced flange connections, and the amount of dissipated energy of SP1 turned out to be smaller than that of SP2. The finite element analysis of the test specimen was also conducted to validate the test results, and the analysis results matched well with those obtained from experiments. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modeling Down syndrome screening performance using first‐trimester serum markers
Authors: Koster M. P. H. , Wortelboer E. J. , Stoutenbeek P. , Visser G. H. A. , Schielen P. C. J. I. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the modeled predictive value of three current screening markers (pregnancy‐associated plasma protein‐A (PAPP‐A), free β‐human chorionic gonadotropin (free β‐hCG), and nuchal translucency (NT)) and four potential screening markers (a disintegrin and metalloprotease 12 (ADAM12), total hCG, placental protein 13 (PP13), and placental growth factor (PlGF)) for Down syndrome using different screening strategies.MethodsAll markers were measured in stored first‐trimester serum of 151 Down syndrome cases and 847 controls. All marker levels were expressed as gestational age‐specific multiples of the median (MoMs) and comparisons were made using the Mann‐Whitney U‐test. Detection rates (DRs) for fixed false‐positive rates (FPRs) were modeled using different screening strategies.ResultsSignificantly different median MoMs for Down syndrome cases compared to controls were found for PAPP‐A (0.49 vs. 1.00; P < 0.0001), free β‐hCG (1.70 vs. 1.01; P < 0.0001), ADAM12 (0.89 vs. 1.00; P < 0.0001), total hCG (1.28 vs. 1.00; P < 0.0001), PlGF (0.80 vs. 1.00; P < 0.0001) and NT (1.74 vs. 1.01; P < 0.0001). The lower PP13 MoM in Down syndrome cases (0.91 vs. 1.00) was not statistically significant (P = 0.061). Adding the four new markers to the current screening strategy (i.e. first‐trimester combined test) led to an increase in DR from 77% to 80% at a 5% FPR. The modeled application of a two‐sample screening strategy (with some markers assessed early and others later in the first trimester) increased the DR to 89%. In a two‐step contingent screening model, using an intermediate risk range of 1 in 100 to 1 in 2000 at biochemical screening (using all markers), the overall DR was 77%, but it was predicted that only 33% of women would require referral for NT measurement.ConclusionsFirst‐trimester Down syndrome screening may be improved by adding new markers to the current screening test and by applying different screening strategies. The application of a two‐sample screening model resulted in the highest predicted DR, but this should be confirmed in population‐based prospective studies. Copyright © 2011 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A contract-based approach to describe and deploy non-functional adaptations in software architectures
Authors: Loques Orlando , Sztajnberg Alexandre , Curty Romulo , Ansaloni Sidney 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis paper presents a comprehensive approach to describe, deploy and adapt component-based applications having dynamic non-functional requirements. The approach is centered on high-level contracts associated to architectural descriptions, which allow the non-functional requirements to be handled separately during the system, design process. This helps to achieve separation of concerns facilitating the reuse of modules that implement the application in other systems. Besides specifying non-functional requirements, contracts are used at runtime to guide configuration adaptations required to enforce these requirements. The infrastructure required to manage the contracts follows an architectural pattern, which can be directly mapped to specific components included in a supporting reflective middleware. This allows designers to write a contract and to follow standard recipes to insert the extra code required to its enforcement in the supporting middleware.
An approach for reasoning and refining non-functional requirements
Authors: Rosa Nelson Souto , Freire Cunha Paulo Roberto , Ribeiro Justo George Roger 
Published: November 2010

AbstractNon-functional requirements (NFRs) are rarely taken in account in most software development processes. There are some reasons that can help us to understand why these requirements are not explicitly dealt with: their complexity, NFRs are usually stated only informally, their high abstraction level and the rare support of languages, methodologies and tools. In this paper, we concentrate on defining how to reason and how to refine NFRs during the software development. Our approach is based on software architecture principles that guide the definition of the proposed refinement rules. In order to illustrate our approach, we adopt it to an appointmernt system.
A systematic approach for structuring exception handling in robust component-based software
Authors: Filho Fernando Castor , Guerra Paulo Asterio de C. , Pagano Vinicius Asta , Rubira Cecília Mary F. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractComponent-based development (CBD) is recognized today as the standard paradigm for structuring large software systems. However, the most popular component models and component-based development processes provide little guidance on how to systematically incorporate exception handling into component-based systems. The problem of how to employ language-level exception handling mechanisms to introduce redundancy in componentbased systems is recognized by CBD practitioners as very difficult and often not adequately solved. As a consequence, the implementation of the redundant exceptional behaviour causes a negative impact, instead of a positive one, on system and maintainability. In this paper, we propose an approach for the construction of dependable component-based systems that integrates two complementary strategies: (i) a global exception handling strategy for inter-component composition and (ii) a local exception handling strategy for dealing with errors in reusable components. A case study illustrates the application of our approach to a real software system.
Analyzing, modeling and predicting organizational effects in a distribuited sensor network
Authors: Horling Bryan , Lesser Victor 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
The organizational design of a distributed system defines how entities act and interact to achieve local and global objectives. We describe how a system employing different types of organizational techniques has been used to address the challenges posed by a distributed sensor network environment. The high-level, multi-agent architecture of this realworld system is given in detail, and we provide empirical results demonstrating the effects the organization has on the system’s performance across several different metrics. As with any design, the particular approach that is employed makes trade-offs, some of which are obvious and some more subtle. The presence of such trade-offs motivates the need for a better understanding of precisely how the organization influences large and small-scale behaviors. To address this need, we first demonstrate how a collection of analytic models can be developed to predict such effects. This experience is then used to ground the presentation of a more comprehensive, domain-independent organizational modeling language called ODML. The structure and capabilities of ODML are explained through the construction of a unified model of our sensor network organization. We then show that this model provides an accurate prediction of the original empirical results.