bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new method employing extraction induced by emulsion breaking and MIP OES for multi-element determination of inorganic elements in handmade chocolate
Authors: Guimarães Geovana Brito , Guimarães Leonardo Brito , Romero Julia Carneiro , Queiroz Sheylla , Lima Daniel de Castro , Santos Luana Novaes , Silva Erik Galvão Paranhos da , de Jesus Raildo Mota , Dias Fábio de Souza , Lepri Fábio Grandis , Silva Allison Gonçalves , Amorim Fábio Alan Carqueija 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The objective of this work was the multielement determination of Ca, Zn, Sr, Ba, Cu, Mn, Mg and Cr in chocolate barr samples after extraction induced by emulsion breakage (EIEB) and quantification by optical emission spectrometry whit plasma induced by microwaves (MIP OES). After study of each parameter, the most efficient extraction conditions were obtained using 0.250 g of sample, 5.0 mL of extraction solution consisting of HNO3 1.5 mol L− 1 and Tween80 1.5% m/v, submitted to an ultrasonic bath for 5 min, followed by breaking the emulsion by heating at 90 ºC in a water bath for 4 min. The detection limits obtained, in mg kg− 1, were 0,3487 (Cr), 0,0125 (Zn), 0,0635 (Sr), 0,0831 (Ca), 0,4627 (Fe), 0,0101 (Ba), 0,0991, (Cu), 0,0161 (Mg), 0,0356 (Mn). Precision, based on the relative standard deviation (RSD%), was less than 9.8% (N = 7). The accuracy was confirmed by analyzing the SRM Baking Chocolate 2384 and comparing the proposed method with a calcination method. The method was applied to samples of chocolate bars made in the southern region of Bahia and containing cocoa contents at 50, 58, 60, 63, 70, 80 and 85%. The average results obtained were 328 to 1424 mg kg− 1 (Ca), 561 to 2152 mg kg− 1 (Mg), 7.8 to 251 mg kg− 1 (Cu), 8.5 to 304 mg kg− 1 (Mn), 6.22 to 98.32 mg kg− 1 (Fe), 8.38 to 80.2 mg kg− 1 (Zn), 3.4 to 175 mg kg− 1 (Ba), 2.15 to 12.79 mg kg− 1 (Sr). It was observed that as the percentage increases cocoa, there is a tendency to increase the concentration of the studied elements. The developed method has satisfactory precision and accuracy, and is simple, fast and with low consumption of reagents, has good sensitivity, especially when compared to digestion methods.
OSSDetector: Towards a More Accurate Approach for C/C++ Third-Party Library Detection
Authors: Zeng Jia , Zhu Yaling , Han Dan , Weng Fangchen , Li Ruidong , Zhang Yuqing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In the current software development environment, third-party libraries (TPL) provide developers with rich functionality and convenient solutions, accelerating the speed and efficiency of software development. However, with the widespread adoption of TPL, related security risks have become increasingly apparent. Software Composition Analysis (SCA) is crucial for detecting and managing TPLs in software projects to address these growing security challenges. However, existing SCA tools for C/C++ software projects face several challenges, including the consequences of modified and nested TPL, the lack of precise version representation, and a comprehensive TPL database. Unfortunately, existing SCA tools are inadequate in addressing these challenges and do not detect the precise TPL version. We propose a new SCA tool called OSSDetector to identify TPLs and TPL versions in C/C++ projects to alleviate these issues. OSSDetector, based on sliding window and fuzzy hashing techniques, generates finer-grained signatures to identify modified TPL and mitigate its consequences. Furthermore, it uses a “Nested TPL Function Filtering" algorithm based on multiple features to identify and filter nested TPL function signatures in each TPL to mitigate the consequences of nested TPL. Additionally, it leverages a “TPL Recognition" algorithm based on import ratios and function paths to determine the TPL used in the target C/C++ software. It also determines TPL versions based on function weights and version release times to mitigate the lack of precise version representation. To mitigate the lack of a comprehensive TPL database, we construct a large TPL database containing 29,416 C/C++ TPLs covering 767,405 versions. Experimental results demonstrate that compared to state-of-the-art tools, OSSDetector achieves better precision (85.52%), recall (79.82%), and F1 score (82.57%) at the library level, with improvements of 3.18%, 3.59%, and 3.40%, respectively. At the library version level, OSSDetector also exhibits higher precision (84.27%), outperforming state-of-the-art tools by 4.64%.
A Parameter-uniform Hybrid Scheme Designed for Multi-pointboundary Value Problems That Are Perturbed
Authors: Kumari Parvin , Kumar Devendra , Vigo-Aguiar Jesus 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The numerical solution of a class of second-order singularly perturbed three-point boundary value problems (BVPs) in 1D is achieved using a uniformly convergent, stable, and efficient difference method on a piecewise-uniform mesh. The presence of a boundary layer(s) on one (or both) of the interval’s endpoints is caused by the presence of the tiny parameter in the highest order derivative. As the perturbation parameter approaches 0, traditional numerical techniques on the uniform mesh become insufficient, resulting in poor accuracy and large blows without the use of an excessive number of points. Specially customised techniques, such as fitted operator methods or methods linked to adapted or fitted meshes that solve essential characteristics such as boundary and/or inner layers, are necessary to overcome this drawback. We developed a fitted-mesh technique in this paper that works for all perturbation parameter values. The monotone hybrid technique, which includes midway upwinding in the outer area and centre differencing in the layer region on a fitted-mesh condensing in the border layer region, is the basis for our difference scheme. In a discrete L∞ norm, uniform error estimates are constructed, and the technique is demonstrated to be parameter-uniform convergent of order two (up to a logarithmic factor). To show the effectiveness of the recommended technique and to corroborate the theoretical findings, a numerical example is presented. In practise, the convergence obtained matches the theoretical expectations.
AMS subject classifications. 34B05, 34B10, 35B08, 65L11, 65L12, 65L70
The formation and alteration of macrofungal “small islands” from the Qinling Mountains based on a novel DNA metabarcoding identification method
Authors: Huo Wenyan , Cui Langjun , Yan Pengdong , He Xuelian , Zhang Liguang , Liu Yu , Dai Lu , Qi Peng , Hu Suying , Qiao Ting , Li Junzhi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Sporocarps of macrofungi support other diverse fungal species that are termed fungicolous fungi. However, a pipeline for the simultaneous processing and analysis of macrofungi and their fungicolous fungi, in addition to the external environmental factors that affect the diversity and composition of fungicolous fungal communities, remains largely unknown. In this study, a novel specialized pipeline was constructed to automatically analyze the sequence diversity of host macrofungi along with their associated fungicolous fungi. Moreover, the alpha and beta diversities of fungicolous fungal communities residing in host macrofungi from diverse habitats in the Qinling Mountains were analyzed, revealing that the diversity and composition of fungicolous fungal communities varied with host growth month and habitats. Furthermore, saprophytic fungi had greater abundances of cell wall degrading enzymes than parasitic and symbiotic fungi, potentially explaining why saprophytic fungi grew more abundant on wood, and revealing the formation mechanism of “small islands” growing on wood.
Attention-Enhanced Controllable Disentanglement for Cloth-Changing Person Re-identification
Authors: Ge Yiyuan , Yu Mingxin , Chen Zhihao , Lu Wenshuai , Dai Yuxiang , Shi Huiyu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Cloth-changing person re-identification (Re-ID) is an emerging research theme that aims at identifying individuals after clothing change. Many contemporary approaches focus on disentangling clothing features and solely employ clothing-unrelated parts for identification. However, the absence of ground truth poses a significant challenge to the disentanglement process, these methods may introduce unintended noise and degrade the overall performance. To mitigate this issue, we propose a novel framework, termed Attention-based Controllable Disentanglement Network (ACD-Net). In ACD-Net, we design an Attention-enhanced Disentanglement Branch (ADB) where human parsing masks are introduced to guide the separation of clothing features and clothing-unrelated features. Here, clothing-unrelated features are subdivided into unclothed body features and contour features, and we propose two novel attention mechanisms: Dynamic Interaction-Remote Aggregation Attention (DI-RAA) and Dynamic Interaction-Positional Relevance Attention (DI-PRA) to enhance the representations of these two features, respectively. Experimental results on PRCC, LTCC, DeepChange, and CCVID datasets demonstrate the superiority of our approach over the state-of-the-art methods. For the cloth-changing setting, the mAP of our network on PRCC, LTCC, and DeepChangedatasets are 59.5%, 22.6%, and 20.6%, and the Rank-1 are 60.6%, 45.5%, and 56.8%, respectively. In addition, our model also obtains 81.5% of mAP and 83.4% of Rank-1 on the video dataset CCVID. The code is available at: https://github.com/jk-love-ge/ACDNet.
Graph Augmentation against Structural Poisoning Attacks via Structure and Attribute Reconciliation
Authors: Shao Yifan , Dai Yumeng , Wang Chenxu , Guan Xiaohong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Recent years have witnessed the great success of graph neural networks (GNNs) in various graph data mining tasks. However, studies demonstrate that GNNs are vulnerable to imperceptible structural perturbations. Carefully crafted perturbations of few edges can significantly degrade the performance of GNNs. Many useful defense methods have been developed to eliminate the impacts of adversarial edges. However, existing approaches ignore the mutual corroboration effects of structures and attributes, which can be used for graph augmentation. This paper presents GAF, a novel graph Augmentation framework defending GNNs against structural poisoning attacks via structure and attribute reconciliation. GAF first constructs two auxiliary graphs, including an attributive neighborhood graph and a structural neighborhood graph, to augment the original one. We propose a novel graph purification scheme to prune irrelevant edges and assign the rest edges with different weights based on both node attributes and graph structures. This significantly mitigates the inconsistency between structural and attributive data, reducing the impacts of adversarial and noisy edges. Then, a joint graph convolutional network (GCN) model is developed to encode the three graphs for representation learning. Experimental results show that GAF outperforms state-of-the-art approaches against various adversarial attacks and exhibits great superiority for attacks with high perturbation rates. Source code is available at: https://github.com/shaoyf9/GAF.
Multifunctional plasmonic gates using the effect of voltage on the surface plasmons frequency change
Authors: jafargholikhani fatemeh , kashaninia alireza , Sabbaghi-Nadooshan Reza 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Considering the benefits of plasmonic technology in reducing the scattering limit on bends and low losses, as well as thesmall size of the element, the development of this technology has accelerated. In this paper, the effect of voltageapplication on changing the frequency of surface plasmons is investigated. By applying an external voltage to the metalplates and creating a magnetic field, the density of the electrons on the metal surface changes; thus, surface plasmonsresonance frequency shifts. To this end, a multifunctional plasmonic gate with a dimension of 95 nm × 95 nm wasdesigned and simulated to evaluate this effect. This structure is suitable for use as AND, NOR, NOT, XOR, and NAND gates.The contrast ratio between the change of state from logic "0" to logic "1" is approximately 29 dB, and the transfer ratio(transmittance ratio) of output in logic "1" is over 85%. The proposed device has low dimensions, a high contrast ratio,and a high transmittance ratio. This device uses four gates: AND, NOR, NOT, XOR, and NAND, which can be achieved inplasmonic integrated circuits with the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technique.
Experimental study of pinewood samples incorporating multiple flame-retardant additives under varied heat fluxes in a cone calorimeter
Authors: Zhang Xuelin , Joseph Paul , Guerrieri Maurice , Moinuddin Khalid , Arun Malavika 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In this study, pristine pinewood samples and those treated with flame-retardant additives were examined to evaluate their fire risk. The combustion process was delineated into four stages: release of flammable volatile gases, reduction of thermal penetration depth, sample deformation to optimize heat absorption, and the onset of smoldering combustion involving char formation. It was discovered that the synergistic effects of 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO), triphenylphosphine (TPP), and (NH4)2HPO4 not only facilitated the decomposition of the samples but also lowered the surface temperature and diluted the oxygen concentration, thereby prolonging the ignition time, particularly at heat fluxes of 25 or 30 kWm− 2. The incorporation of Na2CO3 alongside other additives predominantly impacted the second stage of the combustion process, significantly contributing to the reduction of thermal penetration and dilution of oxygen concentration in combustion. The ignition time of the treated samples was at least 1.5 times longer than that of the untreated samples at lower heat flux. Notably, stable burning was more pronounced at higher heat fluxes for treated samples, and the mass loss rate of these samples was comparatively lower. The thermal penetration depth as a function expressed by ca. 0.8 \(\frac{\rho }{{\dot{q}}^{"}}\). The soot yield for both PA1 and PA2 increased with the heat flux rising and was approximately 0.006 kg/kg, at higher heat flux. The total heat release (THR) and total oxygen consumption (TOC) were observed to be lower for the treated samples. Upon analyzing the fire risk, it was determined that the performance of additive combination PA2 was superior, indicated by lower values in key risk indicators such as heat release rate, mass loss rate (MLR), and CO and CO2 yields. However, flashover propensity of PA2 ranges from 0.25 to 12.07, slight higher than that of PA3. Research is ongoing to further refine the formula to better meet human safety requirements.
Reversible Data Hiding for Recursion-PVO Based on Pixels Selection
Authors: Ge Bin , Shen Yaqing , Xia Chenxing , Sun Rui 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Pixel value ordering (PVO) is one of the most commonly used methods in reversible data hiding (RDH). Most PVO methods currently chunk images, categorize them according to the space complexity of the chunks, and adopt different embedding strategies for different chunk categories. Although this approach achieves some results, the utilization of pixel redundancy is still insufficient. In order to expand the embedding capacity of RDH and improve the embedding performance, a high-fidelity reversible data hiding method based on pixels selection and recursion-PVO is proposed in this paper. Specially, for uniformly divided non-overlapping blocks, the set of pixels with the smallest and second-smallest variance values within each block is selected to form a new block to be embedded, thus further utilizing pixel redundancy. Then, the embedding capacity is improved by transforming some reference pixels into to-be-embedded pixels and forming pixel pairs with other reference pixels to calculate the prediction error. Experimental results show that the proposed method has better performance compared to some state-of-the-art methods. In particular, for the commonly used test image Lena, the PSNR after embedding 10,000 bits of data is up to 63.13 dB.
NS1 binding protein regulates stress granule dynamics and clearance by inhibiting p62 ubiquitination
Authors: Lee Jin-A , Jeon Pureum , Ham Hyunji , Choi Haneul , Park Semin , Jang Jae-Woo , Park Sang-Won , Cho Dong-Hyung , Lee Hyun-Jung , Song Hyun Kyu , Komatsu Masaaki , Jang Deok-Jin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

NS1 binding protein (NS1-BP), a non-structural NS1-binding protein of influenza A virus, regulates viral or host RNA processing/export, cancer progression, or neurite/dendritic spine regulation. However, its precise roles in stress-induced responses without viral infection are largely unknown. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the novel roles of NS1-BP, which interact with GABARAP subfamily proteins, including LC3-interacting region-containing proteins, in regulating stress granules (SGs) during oxidative stress. NS1-BP interacts with core SG components and localizes to GABARAP-containing SGs during oxidative stress. Moreover, it associates with p62, acting as an adaptor for selective autophagy via its Kelch-motif and ubiquitin-associated domain in p62 in a stress-dependent manner. NS1-BP knockout (KO) HeLa cells demonstrated altered SG dynamics, mirroring observation in p62 KO or GABARAP triple KO cells, indicating impaired autophagic SG degradation. NS1-BP KO cells, compared to wild-type (WT) cells, showed increased p62 ubiquitination, leading to autophagic p62 degradation, while NS1-BP overexpression reduces p62 ubiquitination. In NS1-BP KO cells, overexpression of p62 WT, not p62 K420R or K435R, restored SGs size and number. Additionally, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived motor neurons showed reduced NS1-BP levels, resulting in SG morphology dysregulation. Our findings reveal the novel role of NS1-BP in negatively regulating p62 ubiquitination, influencing SG dynamics and clearance during oxidative stress. This highlights its relevance to ALS pathogenesis associated with SGs.
Classification of Paclitaxel-Resistant Cell Lines Using Gene Expression Analysis and Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Madiseh Ali Abedi , Saboori Somayeh , Shahsavari Shiva 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This paper presents a comprehensive study on the classification of paclitaxel-resistant cell lines based on gene expression analysis and machine learning algorithms. The dataset used in this study was obtained from the NCBI - GEO datasets, comprising three datasets that included gene expression profiles of four paclitaxel-resistant cell lines: BAS, HS578T, MCF7, and MDA-MB-231. The gene expression data was preprocessed by converting gene identifiers to gene symbols and calculated adjusts p-value, t-test, B-test and logFC using R and also added cell lines. Subsequently, various machine learning classifiers, including Random Forest, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Gaussian Naive Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Decision Tree, and AdaBoost, were employed to classify the paclitaxel-resistant cell lines. The performance of the classifiers was evaluated using accuracy scores and confusion matrices.The performance of these classifiers was assessed through accuracy scores and confusion matrices. Our results demonstrated that Random Forest and SVM achieved the highest accuracy scores, outperforming other algorithms. These findings suggest the potential of gene expression data and machine learning approaches in accurately classifying paclitaxel-resistant cell lines, which can aid in predicting drug resistance and developing targeted therapies for breast cancer treatment.
Virtual arbitration hearing: arbitrator's discretion or the right of the parties?
Authors: Kravtsov Serhii 
Published: May 2024

Today, international commercial arbitration remains one of the most effective ways to resolve disputes complicated by a foreign element. Parties to a dispute, preferring arbitration, wish to obtain the desired result in the shortest possible time. This is achieved because the parties to the arbitration proceedings themselves are endowed with an arsenal of rights that are not inherent in national courts: the right to choose a particular arbitration, the composition of the arbitral tribunal, and the law to be applied in the dispute. This is a manifestation of the "autonomy of will" of the parties to the dispute. However, despite such a broad scope of powers, some powers of the arbitral tribunal, which is chosen by the parties, cannot be limited. Although the discretionary powers of international commercial arbitration are regulated by national arbitration laws and rules, their exercise may sometimes contradict the fundamental principles and standards of effective arbitration. One of such powers is the right to determine the format of arbitration hearings, since it is by exercising this right that the arbitral tribunal may make its own decision without taking into account the views of the parties to the dispute. The article provides a comparative legal analysis of arbitration legislation, rules and law enforcement practice of national courts with regard to the possibility of determining a virtual hearing as the most efficient format for consideration of a case. Particular attention is paid to the imperfection of Ukrainian legislative regulation and the lack of a single, consistent court practice on these issues. Therefore, the conclusions propose to eliminate the shortcomings in the legal consolidation of such definitional constructs as "hearing" and "oral hearing".
Synthesis, utilization, and recycling of graphene oxide-based nanohybrid biopolymeric hydrogels for purification of dye wastewater
Authors: Sarwar Omera , Munir Ruba , Mushtaq Nageen , Ambreen Hina , Bashir Muhammad Zeeshan , Sana Maryam , Muneer Amna , Sayed Murtaza , Noreen Saima 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTWastewater from industries contributes significantly to pollution. Adsorption of acidic dye using nanohybrid biopolymeric hydrogels has evolved as one of the viable techniques. Graphene oxide (GO)/chitosan (CS)–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), GO/starch–PVA, and GO/agar–PVA hydrogels were synthesized. The results revealed that the following are the ideal values: GO/CS–PVA: 3 pH (8.251 mg g−1), 0.05 g/50mL dosage (8.251 mg g−1), 90 min (8.251 mg g−1), 12 ppm dye concentration (8.251 mg g−1), and 30 °C (8.251 mg g−1); for GO/starch–PVA: 2 pH (7.437 mg g−1), 0.05 g/50 mL dosage (7.437 mg g−1), 90 min (7.437 mg g−1), 12 ppm dye concentration (7.437 mg g−1), and 30 °C (7.437 mg g−1); and for GO/agar–PVA; 3 pH (6.142 mg g−1), 0.05 g/50 mL dosage (6.142 mg g−1), 90 min (6.142 mg g−1), 12 ppm dye concentration (6.142 mg g−1), 30 °C (6.142 mg g−1). GO/CS–PVA outperformed the other hydrogels. The Langmuir model suited GO/CS–PVA data, while GO/starch–PVA and GO/agar–PVA hydrogels followed Freundlich isotherm models. The adsorption capacity data followed a pseudo-second-order model. Negative value of Gibbs free energy and enthalpy showed that the reactions were spontaneous and exothermic in nature. The presence of heavy metals, electrolytes, and detergents/surfactants affected the dye adsorption. Entropy changes positive values implied randomness at the solid/solution contact. The desorption (60, 55, and 58%) of GO/CS–PVA, GO/starch–PVA, and GO/agar–PVA hydrogels was obtained using 0.5 N NaOH. Scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) were used for characterization.