bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Faith and Protection: The Construction of Hope by Parents of Children with Leukemia and Their Oncologists
Authors: Salmon Peter , Hill Jonathan , Ward Joanne , Gravenhorst Katja , Eden Tim , Young Bridget 
Published: February 2012

Abstract

Background.
Oncologists are criticized for fostering unrealistic hope in patients and families, but criticisms reflect a perspective that is oversimplified and “expert” guidance that is ambiguous or impractical. Our aim was to understand how pediatric oncologists manage parents' hope in practice and to evaluate how they address parents' needs.

Methods.
Participants were 53 parents and 12 oncologists whom they consulted across six U.K. centers. We audio recorded consultations approximately 1–2, 6, and 12 months after diagnosis. Parents were interviewed after each consultation to elicit their perspectives on the consultation and clinical relationship. Transcripts of consultations and interviews were analyzed qualitatively.

Results.
Parents needed hope in order to function effectively in the face of despair, and all wanted the oncologists to help them be hopeful. Most parents focused hope on the short term. They therefore needed oncologists to be authoritative in taking responsibility for the child's long-term survival while cushioning parents from information about longer-term uncertainties and being positive in providing information about short-term progress. A few parents who could not fully trust their oncologist were unable to hope.

Conclusion.
Oncologists' pivotal role in sustaining hope was one that parents gave them. Most parents' “faith” in the oncologist allowed them to set aside, rather than deny, their fears about survival while investing their hopes in short-term milestones. Oncologists' behavior generally matched parents' needs, contradicting common criticisms of oncologists. Nevertheless, oncologists need to identify and address the difficulty that some parents have in fully trusting the oncologist and, consequently, being hopeful.
Anthracycline Regimen Adherence in Older Patients with Early Breast Cancer
Authors: Barcenas Carlos H. , Zhang Ning , Zhao Hui , Duan Zhigang , Buchholz Thomas A. , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. , Giordano Sharon H. 
Published: February 2012

Abstract

Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader will be able to:Describe rates of adherence to anthracycline-based chemotherapy in elderly patients with early breast cancer, using a population-based database.Identify a subset of early breast cancer patients with a higher likelihood of non-adherence to the course of chemotherapy treatment.
CME This article is available for continuing medical education credit at CME.TheOncologist.com

Background.
Rates of anthracycline adherence in breast cancer (BC) patients are unknown, but noncompletion of chemotherapy is associated with worse outcomes.

Methods.
Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results–Medicare database, we obtained demographics, comorbidities, tumor characteristics, and treatment and hospitalization data from stage I–III BC patients diagnosed at age ≥66 years in 1996–2005 treated with surgery who had anthracycline claims. We compared variables between patients with claims for less than four cycles, considered nonadherent cases, and those with claims for four or more cycles using logistic regression analyses.

Results.
The sample included 7,399 patients, of whom 1,222 (16.5%) were nonadherent cases. Two hundred forty-three (3.3%) patients had one claim, 298 (4.0%) had two claims, and 681 (9.2%) had three claims. The multivariate regression model showed statistically significant associations between nonadherence and older age, black race, unmarried status, diagnosis before the year 2001, and hospitalizations.

Conclusions.
Eighty-three percent of older patients with early-stage BC completed at least four cycles of an anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimen. We identified a subset of patients with a higher likelihood of not adhering to the course of treatment. Further research is warranted to develop interventions to enhance adherence.
The Use of the S-Quattro Dynamic External Fixator for the Treatment of Intra-Articular Phalangeal Fractures: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Bhamra J.S , Khan W.S , Pastides P 
Published: February 2012

Intra-articular phalangeal fractures are a common injury. If left untreated, these injuries can lead to poor functional outcome with severe dehabilitating consequences, especially in younger patients.The S-Quattro external fixator device (Surgicraft®, UK) can be used to treat such injuries. Its use has been widely documented and has shown many advantages in comparison to other conventional treatments. Advantages include reduced operative time, rigid fixation and early range of motion.We present a review of the current literature and use of the S-Quattro serpentine system in the management of intraarticular phalangeal fractures.
Implications between approximate convexity properties and approximate Hermite-Hadamard inequalities
Authors: Makó Judit , Páles Zsolt 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
The connection between the functional inequalities
$$f\left( {\frac{{x + y}}
{2}} \right) \leqslant \frac{{f\left( x \right) + f\left( y \right)}}
{2} + \alpha _J \left( {x - y} \right), x,y \in D,$$
and
$$\int_0^1 {f\left( {tx + \left( {1 - t} \right)y} \right)\rho \left( t \right)dt \leqslant \lambda f\left( x \right) + \left( {1 - \lambda } \right)f\left( y \right) + \alpha _{\rm H} \left( {x - y} \right),} x,y \in D,$$
is investigated, where D is a convex subset of a linear space, f: D → ℝ, α
H;α
J: D-D → ℝ are even functions, λ ∈ [0; 1], and ρ: [0; 1] →ℝ+ is an integrable nonnegative function with ∫01
ρ(t) dt = 1.
An analogue of the Duistermaat-van der Kallen theorem for group algebras
Authors: Zhao Wenhua , Willems Roel 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Let G be a group, R an integral domain, and V
G the R-subspace of the group algebra R[G] consisting of all the elements of R[G] whose coefficient of the identity element 1G of G is equal to zero. Motivated by the Mathieu conjecture [Mathieu O., Some conjectures about invariant theory and their applications, In: Algèbre non Commutative, Groupes Quantiques et Invariants, Reims, June 26–30, 1995, Sémin. Congr., 2, Société Mathématique de France, Paris, 1997, 263–279], the Duistermaat-van der Kallen theorem [Duistermaat J.J., van der Kallen W., Constant terms in powers of a Laurent polynomial, Indag. Math., 1998, 9(2), 221–231], and also by recent studies on the notion of Mathieu subspaces, we show that for finite groups G, V
G also forms a Mathieu subspace of the group algebra R[G] when certain conditions on the base ring R are met. We also show that for the free abelian groups G = ℤn, n ≥ 1, and any integral domain R of positive characteristic, V
G fails to be a Mathieu subspace of R[G], which is equivalent to saying that the Duistermaat-van der Kallen theorem cannot be generalized to any field or integral domain of positive characteristic.
Bayoumi quasi-differential is not different from Fréchet-differential
Authors: Albiac Fernando , Ansorena José 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Unlike for Banach spaces, the differentiability of functions between infinite-dimensional nonlocally convex spaces has not yet been properly studied or understood. In a paper published in this Journal in 2006, Bayoumi claimed to have discovered a new notion of derivative that was more suitable for all F-spaces including the locally convex ones with a wider potential in analysis and applied mathematics than the Fréchet derivative. The aim of this short note is to dispel this misconception, since it could hinder making headway in this already hard enough subject. To that end we show that Bayoumi quasi-differentiability, when properly defined, is the same as Fréchet differentiability, and that some of his alleged applications are wrong.
The value of may as an evidential and epistemic marker in English medical abstracts
Authors: Alonso-Almeida Francisco , Cruz-García Laura 
Published: March 2012

The value of may as an evidential and epistemic marker in English medical abstracts
Our article addresses the issue of the relationship between epistemic modality and evidentiality. Earlier works such as Lazard (2001) claim that English does not hold grammatical markers for the source of knowledge in contrast to other languages, e.g. Quechua, that seem to do so. Dendale and Tasmowski (2001), however, think that grammatical evidentials are possible in English, and Aikhenvald (2004) admits that modal verbs in English are a borderline case. In our article, we seek to explore the use of may and might in a corpus of medical abstracts to demonstrate (i) their value as grammatical evidential markers, and (ii) their value as epistemic markers that show the author's attitude to the proposition manifested. In doing so, we follow Cornillie (2009), who defines these two concepts as independent categories. The results of our analyses indicate that these modals may be used as grammatical markers of evidentiality, regardless of other semantic and pragmatic meanings.
Allomorphy in the plural morpheme of Old English disyllabic neuter a-stem nouns: Analogy and token frequency
Authors: Newman John 
Published: March 2012

Allomorphy in the plural morpheme of Old English disyllabic neuter a-stem nouns: Analogy and token frequency
Many instances of plural number marking in Old English disyllabic neuter a-stem nouns appear uncertain. This is due partly to a want of additional empirical evidence regarding what appears to have been a tension between a high vowel deletion process, by which some disyllabic neuters containing a long root vowel failed to attach the nominative/accusative plural number marker -u, and several analogical extension processes which resulted in irregular attachments of the plural markers -u, -ø, and others. This apparent unpredictability, however, is also due to a lack of agreement about how best to subclassify many disyllabic a-neuters. Various scholars have addressed the problem of the allomorphy at issue here, but their grouping criteria have differed and no one scheme has proven truly satisfactory (cf. Brunner - Sievers 1965; Dahl 1938; Campbell 1959; Wełna 1996). Consequently, determining which disyllabic a-neuters attached the u-plural allomorph regularly and which attached it by analogy as well as which of these neuters suffixed the ø-allomorph regularly and which did so analogically is trouble-some. In an attempt to augment our understanding of allomorphy in the plural morpheme of the Old English disyllabic neuter a-stems, this paper analyzes more than 300 plurals culled from both Early and Late Old English texts, and it proposes, unlike previous treatments, that token frequency was crucial to the analogical processes which so often determined plural marker selection in these nouns.
High efficiency high step-up DC/DC converters - a review
Authors: Tomaszuk A. , Krupa A. 
Published: March 2012

High efficiency high step-up DC/DC converters - a reviewThe renewable energy sources such as PV modules, fuel cells or energy storage devices such as super capacitors or batteries deliver output voltage at the range of around 12 to 70 VDC. In order to connect them to the grid the voltage level should be adjusted according to the electrical network standards in the countries. First of all the voltage should be stepped up to sufficient level at which the DC/AC conversion can be performed to AC mains voltage requirements. Overall performance of the renewable energy system is then affected by the efficiency of step-up DC/DC converters, which are the key parts in the system power chain. This review is focused on high efficiency step-up DC/DC converters with high voltage gain. The differentiation is based on the presence or lack of galvanic isolation. A comparison and discussion of different DC/DC step-up topologies will be performed across number of parameters and presented in this paper.
The Basic Science and Surgical Treatment Options for Articular Cartilage Injuries of the Knee
Authors: Tetteh Elizabeth S. , Bajaj Sarvottam , Ghodadra Neil S. , Cole Brian J. 
Published: March 2012

Synopsis The complex structure of articular cartilage allows for diverse knee function throughout range of motion and weight bearing. However, disruption to the structural integrity of the articular surface can cause significant morbidity. Due to an inherently poor regenerative capacity, articular cartilage defects present a treatment challenge for physicians and therapists. For many patients, a trial of nonsurgical treatment options is paramount prior to surgical intervention. In instances of failed conservative treatment, patients can undergo an array of palliative, restorative, or reparative surgical procedures to treat these lesions. Palliative methods include debridement and lavage, while restorative techniques include marrow stimulation. For larger lesions involving subchondral bone, reparative procedures such as osteochondral grafting or autologous chondrocyte implantation are considered. Clinical success not only depends on the surgical techniques but also requires strict adherence to rehabilitation guidelines. The purpose of this article is to review the basic science of articular cartilage and to provide an overview of the procedures currently performed at our institution for patients presenting with symptomatic cartilage lesions. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42(3):243–253. doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.3673
Diagnosis and Management of the Multiligament-Injured Knee
Authors: Skendzel Jack G. , Sekiya Jon K. , Wojtys Edward M. 
Published: March 2012

Synopsis Knee injuries involving multiple ligaments, which are often associated with tibiofemoral joint dislocations, are complex injuries that are challenging to evaluate and treat. The clinician must have a thorough understanding of knee anatomy and be capable of a detailed physical examination to determine the extent and pattern of injury. Accurate interpretation of imaging studies is crucial but cannot replace the physical examination. The magnitude of deforming forces and amount of translation and rotation of the tibia in relation to the femur determine the risk for neurovascular injury. Most patients with multiligament knee injuries undergo surgical management; however, some patients may be best served by a nonoperative approach. Successful rehabilitation consists of achieving good range of motion and strength, as well as normal gait mechanics, while respecting the stages of healing. Level of Evidence Therapy, level 5. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42(3):234–242. doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.3678
Role of endoscopic third ventriculostomy at infected cerebrospinal fluid shunt removal
Authors: Shimizu Tomohisa , Luciano Mark G. , Fukuhara Toru 
Published: March 2012

Object
Cerebrospinal fluid shunt infection is distressing, especially in the pediatric population. Usually, infected CSF shunts are removed, and after temporary external CSF drainage, reinsertion of the CSF shunt is necessary. Unfortunately, it is not rare to encounter CSF reinfection after shunt renewal, and furthermore, the reinserted CSF shunt is at a considerable risk of malfunction. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is a potent option in managing CSF shunt infection, although ETV failure may occur more frequently when it is used to remove an infected shunt. The authors retrospectively evaluated CSF reinfection after using ETV during removal of infected CSF shunts; then the longevity of ETV and of successive reinserted ventriculoperitoneal shunts (VPSs) after ETV failure were also examined.

Methods
Children with shunted hydrocephalus were retrospectively reviewed, and data on their initial CSF shunt infections were extracted. Thirty-six children underwent VPS reinsertion (the VPS group), and 9 underwent ETV after removal of the infected CSF shunt (the ETV group). As the primary outcome, ETV efficacy against CSF reinfection within 6 months was analyzed by comparing the reinfection rates, and the risk factors for CSF reinfection were analyzed by logistic regression. The longevity of the reinserted shunt in the VPS group was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method, which was compared with ETV longevity as the secondary outcome, and also with the longevity of reinserted VPSs in the ETV group after ETV failure as the tertiary outcome.

Results
Reinfection of CSF was seen in 27.8% of children in the VPS group. Among 9 children in the ETV group, only 1 (11.1%) had CSF reinfection. However, logistic regression analysis failed to show that performing ETV was a significant factor protecting against CSF reinfection: the significant risk factors were younger age at reinsertion of VPS or ETV (p = 0.037) and a history of shunt revisions (p = 0.011). The longevity of reinserted VPSs in the VPS group was calculated to be 658 ± 166.3 days (mean ± SE). Longevity of ETV was compared in the analysis of the secondary outcome, which was 929.2 ± 511.1 days, and there were no significant differences between these durations. Only 2 ETVs stayed patent, and a VPS was eventually implanted in the other 7 children. The longevity of this reinserted VPS in the ETV group, calculated based on these 7 children, was 2011.1 ± 540.7 days, which was confirmed to be longer than that in the VPS group (p = 0.031).

Conclusions
Although the protective effect of using ETV during removal of an infected CSF shunt on reinfection is marginal, the ETV longevity can be considered equivalent to that of reinserted VPSs. Even if ETV failure occurs, the reinserted VPS has significantly better longevity than a VPS reinserted without using ETV, and use of ETV during infected CSF shunt removal can be considered a potent alternative or at least an adjunct to VPS reinsertion.
Conventional versus reference-surface mass balance
Authors: Huss Matthias , Hock Regine , Bauder Andreas , Funk Martin 
Published: February 2012

AbstractGlacier surface mass balance evaluated over the actual glacier geometry depends not only on climatic variations, but also on the dynamic adjustment of glacier geometry. Therefore, it has been proposed that reference-surface balances calculated over a constant glacier hypsometry are better suited for climatic interpretation. Here we present a comparison of 82 year modelled time series (1926-2008) of conventional and reference-surface balance for 36 Swiss glaciers. Over this time period the investigated glaciers have lost 22% of their area, and ice surface elevation close to the current glacier terminus has decreased by 78 m on average. Conventional balance in the last decade, at −0.91 mw.e.a-1, is 0.14 m w.e. a-1 less negative than the reference-surface balance. About half of the negative (stabilizing) feedback on mass balance due to glacier terminus retreat is compensated by more negative mass balances due to surface lowering. Short-term climatic variability is clearly reflected in the conventional mass-balance series; however, the magnitude of the long-term negative trend is underestimated compared to that found in the reference-surface balance series. Both conventional and reference-surface specific balances show large spatial variability among the 36 glaciers.
Customers Perception about the Determinants of Service Quality of Foreign and Domestic Banks: An Empirical Study on Bangladesh
Authors: Siddique Abu Baker , Karim Khondoker Sazzadul , Rahman Md Lutfor 
Published: February 2012

This paper investigates the determinants of perceived service quality among the customers of domestic and foreign banks in Dhaka, Bangladesh using a modified version of SERVQUAL model. It finds that in general the foreign banks provided marginally better measures in most of the dimensions than did the domestic banks. For domestic private banks reliability, communication, credibility, security, and tangibility are found to be significantly affecting the service quality. On the other hand, for foreign banks, reliability, credibility, and tangibility are the only significant factors affecting their service quality.Keywords: Determinants of Service quality; Banking industry; Bangladesh; SERVQUAL Model.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbt.v6i1.9991 Journal of Technology (Dhaka) Vol. 6(1), January-June, 2011 1-14
L'Union européenne, acteur de la biopolitique contemporaine : les mécanismes d'européanisation normative et cognitive de la lutte contre le tabagisme
Authors: Guigner Sébastien 
Published: February 2012

Résumé À partir du cas de la lutte contre le tabagisme, cet article montre que l’Union européenne est aujourd’hui une variable explicative importante du gouvernement des corps dans les pays européens. Cet article expose en effet deux mécanismes à partir desquels l’Union exerce une influence en la matière dans les pays européens. Il s’agit d’une part du mécanisme d’européanisation normative, par lequel l’Union contraint l’administration des corps par le droit. D’autre part cet article présente un mécanisme d’européanisation cognitive, par lequel, à partir de la diffusion d’informations, l’Union impacte l’administration des corps par la persuasion ou par la contrainte.
Wavefront Ablation Profiles in Refractive Surgery: Description, Results, and Limitations
Authors: Smadja David , Reggiani-Mello Glauco , Santhiago Marcony R. , Krueger Ronald R. 
Published: February 2012

PURPOSE:
To provide an overview of the clinical results of different ablation profiles based on wavefront technology and discuss their characteristics and limitations.

METHODS:
Literature review of studies reporting results of ablation profiles based on wavefront technology in virgin healthy eyes.

RESULTS:
Over the past 10 years, a large number of studies comparing different treatment algorithms and newer excimer laser platforms have been published. Thirty-six clinical studies including 3637 eyes analyzing the clinical results obtained after wavefront-guided, wavefront-optimized, and Q-factor profiles have been reviewed. Although wavefront-driven profiles allowed reduction of the amount of induced optical aberrations with conventional ablations, thereby improving the quality of vision, it appears that no algorithm of treatment or excimer laser platform has demonstrated a clear superiority over another. Wound healing and unexpected biomechanical response to surgery affect the accuracy of customized treatments and produce variable results. In addition, it is difficult to rigorously analyze and compare findings among different studies because of the diverse variety in which the data are reported.

CONCLUSIONS:
Despite several technological improvements over the years, wavefront ablation profiles have not consistently demonstrated superiority in terms of visual acuity and lower order aberrations compared to the standard procedure, although the induction of higher order aberrations has been reduced. The concept of an individualized eye model has emerged recently, based on the optical ray tracing algorithm, and could theoretically provide a higher level of customization, thus fulfilling the promise of “super vision.”