bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
360‐degree visual detection and target tracking on an autonomous surface vehicle
Authors: Wolf Michael T. , Assad Christopher , Kuwata Yoshiaki , Howard Andrew , Aghazarian Hrand , Zhu David , Lu Thomas , Trebi‐Ollennu Ashitey , Huntsberger Terry 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis paper describes perception and planning systems of an autonomous sea surface vehicle (ASV) whose goal is to detect and track other vessels at medium to long ranges and execute responses to determine whether the vessel is adversarial. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) has developed a tightly integrated system called CARACaS (Control Architecture for Robotic Agent Command and Sensing) that blends the sensing, planning, and behavior autonomy necessary for such missions. Two patrol scenarios are addressed here: one in which the ASV patrols a large harbor region and checks for vessels near a fixed asset on each pass and one in which the ASV circles a fixed asset and intercepts approaching vessels. This paper focuses on the ASV's central perception and situation awareness system, dubbed Surface Autonomous Visual Analysis and Tracking (SAVAnT), which receives images from an omnidirectional camera head, identifies objects of interest in these images, and probabilistically tracks the objects' presence over time, even as they may exist outside of the vehicle's sensor range. The integrated CARACaS/SAVAnT system has been implemented on U.S. Navy experimental ASVs and tested in on‐water field demonstrations. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Toward adaptive benthic habitat mapping using gaussian process classification
Authors: Rigby Paul , Pizarro Oscar , Williams Stefan B. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis paper shows how existing methods of probabilistic least‐squares classification based on Gaussian processes can be used to construct a probabilistic representation of a habitat map using data collected by an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). A novel adaptive habitat classifying algorithm is presented, which uses a Monte Carlo simulation technique to select the most informative mission from a set of candidates. Approximations are presented to assign upper and lower bounds to the information expected from the candidate missions. This allows missions to be efficiently pruned from the set of candidates so that the algorithm converges to a preferred candidate with a reduced number of simulations. The performance of this algorithm is evaluated in an experiment carried out using an AUV at Jervis Bay, Australia. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of water withdrawals on macroinvertebrate emergence: Unexpected results for three holometabolous species
Authors: Brown P. D. , Wooster D. , Johnson S. L. , DeBano S. J. 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACTSmall, low‐head diversion dams are capable of withdrawing much of the flow of a river, often resulting in elevated water temperatures. Accelerated growth and development of aquatic invertebrates has been demonstrated in warmer temperatures, suggesting that the timing of insect emergence and adult body size may be significantly altered by water withdrawals. To examine the influence of summer water withdrawals on aquatic invertebrate life histories, emergence timing and adult body mass of three holometabolous species were monitored continuously for 9–10 weeks on the Umatilla and Walla Walla Rivers in arid northeastern Oregon. On each river, multiple sample sites were located along gradients of decreasing discharge and increasing water temperatures caused by successive diversions.Despite reductions in discharge of up to 93% and increases in average water temperature of up to 4.6°C from upstream to downstream, timing of median emergence was unaltered for Helicopsyche borealis, Petrophila confusalis and Glossosoma traviatum. However, in a laboratory experiment, higher temperatures led to earlier emergence for H. borealis. Water temperature in the field study was not significantly correlated with reduced adult body size of these species, though female P. confusalis were 31% smaller at the warmest sample site. Holometabolous life histories and high temperature tolerances are possible explanations for the observed resistance of these species to life history alteration. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hierarchization of Myogenic and Adipogenic Progenitors Within Human Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Pisani Didier F. , Clement Noémie , Loubat Agnès , Plaisant Magali , Sacconi Sabrina , Kurzenne Jean-Yves , Desnuelle Claude , Dani Christian , Dechesne Claude A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSkeletal muscle cells constitute a heterogeneous population that maintains muscle integrity through a high myogenic regenerative capacity. More unexpectedly, this population is also endowed with an adipogenic potential, even in humans, and intramuscular adipocytes have been found to be present in several disorders. We tested the distribution of myogenic and adipogenic commitments in human muscle-derived cells to decipher the cellular basis of the myoadipogenic balance. Clonal analysis showed that adipogenic progenitors can be separated from myogenic progenitors and, interestingly, from myoadipogenic bipotent progenitors. These progenitors were isolated in the CD34+ population on the basis of the expression of CD56 and CD15 cell surface markers. In vivo, these different cell types have been found in the interstitial compartment of human muscle. In vitro, we show that the proliferation of bipotent myoadipogenic CD56+CD15+ progenitors gives rise to myogenic CD56+CD15− progenitors and adipogenic CD56−CD15+ progenitors. A cellular hierarchy of muscle and fat progenitors thus occurs within human muscle. These results provide cellular bases for adipogenic differentiation in human skeletal muscle, which may explain the fat development encountered in different muscle pathological situations.
An Immunoprotective Privilege of Corneal Epithelial Stem Cells Against Th17 Inflammatory Stress by Producing Glial Cell-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
Authors: Bian Fang , Qi Hong , Ma Ping , Zhang Lili , Yoon Kyung-Chul , Pflugfelder Stephen C. , Li De-Quan 
Published: October 2010

AbstractAdult stem cells are well known for their self-renewal and regenerative capacity. The mechanisms protecting these cells from inflammatory damage have not been well elucidated. This study investigated the immunoprotective properties of corneal epithelial stem cells from inflammation by producing glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). Primary human limbal epithelial cells (HLECs) cultured from limbal explants were treated with interleukin (IL)-17A, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, or hyperosmotic media, with or without GDNF or nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) inhibitor (NF-κB-I) for 4–48 hours. Inflammatory mediators and Th17-inducing cytokines were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunobead assays. NF-κB activation was detected by p65 phosphorylation, immunostaining and Western blotting. GDNF and its receptor, GDNF family receptor α-1, were exclusively immunolocalized in the basal layer of limbal epithelium, whereas IL-17 receptor was negative in these cells. Exogenous IL-17A stimulated the expression and production of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) and chemokine IL-8 by HLECs. Th17-inducing cytokines, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, IL-6, IL-23, and IL-1β, were significantly increased at mRNA and protein levels by HLECs exposed to TNF-α or hyperosmotic media. IL-17 activated NF-κB by p65 phosphorylation at serine 536 and nuclear translocation. GDNF or NF-κB-I blocked IL-17-induced NF-κB p65 activation and production of inflammatory mediators. Furthermore, GDNF suppressed the production of Th17-inducing cytokines through inhibiting NF-κB activation. These findings demonstrate that limbal progenitor cell-produced neurotrophic factor GDNF suppresses IL-17-mediated inflammation via NF-κB signaling pathway. This may represent a unique immunoprotective property of limbal stem cells against inflammatory challenges on the ocular surface.
Acute and long‐term response of dopamine nigrostriatal synapses to a single, low‐dose episode of 3‐nitropropionic acid‐mediated chemical hypoxia
Authors: Crawford Cynthia A. , Akopian Garnik , Ring Justin , Jakowec Michael W. , Petzinger Giselle M. , Andersen Julie K. , Vittozzi‐Wong Philip , Wang Kristie , Farley Cristal M. , Charntikov Sergios , Mitroi Danut , Beal M. Flint , Chow Robert , Walsh John P. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe goal of the present investigation was to determine the persistence of striatal (DA) dopaminergic dysfunction after a mild chemically induced hypoxic event in Fisher 344 rats. To this end, we gave a single injection of the mitochondrial complex II inhibitor 3‐nitropropionic acid (3‐NP; 16.5 mg/kg, i.p.) to 2‐month old male F344 rats and measured various indices of striatal DA functioning and lipid peroxidation over a 3‐month span. Separate groups of rats were used to measure rod walking, evoked DA release, DA content, malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, DA receptor binding, and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity. The results showed that 3‐NP exposure reduced most measures of DA functioning including motoric ability, DA release, and D2 receptor densities for 1 to 3 months postdrug administration. Interestingly, DA content was reduced 1 week after 3‐NP exposure, but rose to 147% of control values 1 month after 3‐NP treatment. MDA accumulation, a measure of lipid peroxidation activity, was increased 24 h and 1 month after 3‐NP treatment. 3‐NP did not affect TH activity, suggesting that alterations in DA functioning were not the result of nigrostriatal terminal loss. These data demonstrate that a brief mild hypoxic episode caused by 3‐NP exposure has long‐term detrimental effects on the functioning of the nigrostriatal DA system. Synapse, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of (+)‐methamphetamine, ±‐Methylenedioxymethamphetamine, (+)‐amphetamine and ±‐fenfluramine in rats on egocentric learning in the Cincinnati water maze
Authors: Vorhees Charles V. , He Elizabeth , Skelton Matthew R. , Graham Devon L. , Schaefer Tori L. , Grace Curtis E. , Braun Amanda A. , Amos‐Kroohs Robyn , Williams Michael T. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract(+)‐Methamphetamine (MA), (±)‐3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), (+)‐amphetamine (AMPH), and (±)‐fenfluramine (FEN) are phenylethylamines with CNS effects. At higher doses, each induces protracted reductions in brain dopamine (DA) and/or serotonin. Chronic MA and MDMA users show persistent monoamine reductions and cognitive impairments. In rats, similar neurochemical effects can be induced, yet cognitive impairments have been difficult to demonstrate. We recently showed that rats treated on a single day with MA (10 mg/kg × 4 at 2 h intervals) exhibit impaired egocentric learning (Cincinnati water maze [CWM]) without affecting spatial learning (Morris water maze [MWM]) (Herring et al., [2008] Psychopharmacology (Berl) 199:637–650). Whether this effect is unique to MA or is a general characteristic of these drugs is unknown. Accordingly, this experiment compared these drugs on CWM performance. Drugs were given s.c. in four doses at 2 h intervals. MA doses were 10 or 12.5 mg/kg/dose, AMPH 25 mg/kg/dose (to match MA12.5‐induced hyperthermia), MDMA 15 mg/kg/dose (previously established hyperthermia‐inducing dose), and FEN 16.5 mg/kg/dose (equimolar to MA12.5). Two weeks later, rats were tested in the CWM (2 trials/day, 21 days). AMPH and MA (both doses) induced significant increases in CWM errors and latency to reach the goal with no differences in swim speed. MDMA and FEN did not significantly alter learning. Given that FEN selectively and MDMA preferentially affect serotonin whereas AMPH selectively and MA preferentially affect DA, the data suggest that egocentric learning may be predominantly dopaminergically mediated. Synapse, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dopamine transporter inhibition is necessary for cocaine‐induced increases in dendritic spine density in the nucleus accumbens
Authors: Martin Bradley J. , Naughton Bartholomew J. , Thirtamara‐Rajamani Keerthi , Yoon Daniel J. , Han Dawn D. , Devries A. Courtney , Gu Howard H. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractRepeated exposure to cocaine produces changes in the nervous system that facilitate drug‐seeking behaviors. These drug‐seeking behaviors have been studied with animal models, such as cocaine‐induced locomotor sensitization. Cocaine is hypothesized to induce locomotor sensitization by neural changes, including an increase in the density of spines on the dendrites of neurons in the nucleus accumbens (NAC). However, how cocaine increases dendritic spine density in the NAC has been difficult to discern because cocaine inhibits the function of multiple targets, including the transporters for dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine. Previously, our lab created a tool that is useful for determining how inhibiting the dopamine transporter (DAT) contributes to the effects of cocaine by generating mice that express a cocaine‐insensitive DAT (DAT‐CI mice). In this study, we used DAT‐CI mice to determine the contribution of DAT inhibition in cocaine‐induced increases in dendritic spine density in the NAC. We repeatedly injected DAT‐CI mice with either cocaine or saline, and measured both dendritic spine density in the NAC and locomotor activity. Unlike wild‐type mice, DAT‐CI mice did not show an increase in dendritic spine density in the NAC or in locomotor activity in response to repeated injections of cocaine. These data show that cocaine‐induced increases in dendritic spine density in the NAC require DAT inhibition. Thus, DAT‐inhibition may play a role in mediating the long‐lasting neural changes associated with drug addiction. Synapse, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dopaminergic modulation of the caudal photoreceptor in crayfish
Authors: Rodríguez‐Sosa Leonardo , Calderón‐Rosete Gabina , Calvillo Minerva E. , Guevara Jorge , Flores Gonzalo 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn our study we investigated the influence of dopamine (DA) on the caudal photoreceptor (CPR) in crayfish. Here we report the following: (a) the chromatographic determination of DA in the sixth abdominal ganglion (6th AG) shows a variation in the content during a 24‐h cycle with the maximum value at dawn. (b) There are possibly dopaminergic neurons in the 6th AG with antityrosine hydroxylase antibodies. Immunopositive neurons (164) were located in the anterior and posterior regions of the 6th AG with the mean (± SE) diameter of their somata 23 ± 1 μm. In addition, there is immunopositive staining in axons, neuropilar fibers, and varicosities. (c) We also identified, using immunohistochemistry, 108 neurons in the sixth AG that contain dopamine D1‐like receptors, with the mean (±SE) diameter of their somata 18 ± 1 μm. (d) We examined the exogenous action of DA on the electrical activity of the CPR in the isolated sixth AG by conventional extracellular‐recording methods. This CPR displays spontaneous activity and phasic‐tonic responses to light pulses. Topical application of dopamine to ganglia kept in the dark increased the spontaneous firing rate of the CPR, whereas the photoresponse of the CPR remained unchanged. The effect on the spontaneous activity is dose‐dependent with an ED50 of 33 μM, and is blocked by the dopamine D1‐like antagonist SCH23390. These observations suggested that the DA is playing the role of a neurotransmitter or a neuromodulator of the CPR in the 6th AG in both species of crayfish, Procambarus clarkii and Cherax quadricarinatus. Synapse, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In vitro and in vivo comparison of [3H](+)‐PHNO and [3H]raclopride binding to rat striatum and lobes 9 and 10 of the cerebellum: A method to distinguish dopamine D3from D2receptor sites: A method to distinguish dopamine D3from D2receptor sites
Authors: Kiss Béla , Horti Ferenc , Bobok Amrita 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn vitro binding characteristics of the dopamine D3/D2antagonist [3H]raclopride were compared to the D3/D2agonist [3H](+)‐PHNO in membrane preparations from rat striatum, cerebellum Lobules 9 and 10 (CB L9,10), and other cerebellar regions. In striatum, both radioligands labeled a single binding site. [3H](+)‐PHNO showed higher affinity, though lowerBmax, compared with [3H]raclopride and was sensitive to inhibition by Gpp(NH)p. [3H](+)‐PHNO showed significant specific binding to CB L9,10 membranes with higher affinity compared to striatal membranes. [3H](+)‐PHNO binds to a high‐ and a low‐affinity binding site in CB L9,10 membranes; the high‐affinity site was not Gpp(NH)p‐sensitive. [3H](+)‐PHNO did not significantly bind cerebellum left hemisphere membranes. Very low specific binding of [3H]raclopride was found in CB L9,10. The selective dopamine D3antagonist SB‐277011 did not displace the binding of either ligand to striatal membranes but potently inhibited the binding of [3H](+)‐PHNO in CB L9,10 membranes. The highly selective D2antagonist SV‐156 showed the opposite profile. In vivo experiments were consistent with and supported by in vitro results. In summary, [3H](+)‐PHNO and [3H]raclopride mainly label dopamine D2receptors in rat striatum, with [3H](+)‐PHNO labeling a Dpopulation. In vitro and in vivo, [3H](+)‐PHNO labels CB L9,10 dopamine D3receptors that are apparently in a high affinity state whereas [3H]raclopride gave only very low signal in this region. The present approaches appear useful for selectively labeling dopamine D3and D2receptors in different rat brain regions and offer the possibility to demonstrate D3versus D2receptor selectivity of compounds using native rat brain tissue. Synapse, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A novel mechanism regulates H2S and SO2 production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Yoshida Satoshi , Imoto Jun , Minato Toshiko , Oouchi Rie , Kamada Yoshiaki , Tomita Masaru , Soga Tomoyoshi , Yoshimoto Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSulfite (SO2) plays an important role in flavour stability in alcoholic beverages, whereas hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has an undesirable aroma. To discover the cellular processes that control SO2 and H2S production, we screened a library of Saccharomyces cerevisiae deletion mutants. Deletion of 12 genes led to increased H2S productivity. Ten of these genes are known to be involved in sulfur‐containing amino acid metabolism, whereas UBI4 functions in the ubiquitin‐proteasome system and SKP2 encodes an F‐box‐containing protein whose function is unknown. We found that the skp2 mutant accumulated H2S and SO2, because the adenosylphophosulfate kinase Met14p is a substrate of SCFSkp2 and more stable in the skp2 mutant than in the wild‐type strain. Furthermore, the skp2 mutant grew more slowly than the wild‐type strain under nutrient‐limited conditions. Metabolome analysis showed that the concentration of intracellular cysteine is lower in the skp2 mutant than in the wild‐type strain. The slow growth of the skp2 mutant was due to a lower concentration of intracellular cysteine, because the addition of cysteine suppressed the slow growth. In the skp2 mutant, the cysteine biosynthesis proteins Str2p, Str3p and Str4p are more stable than in the wild‐type strain. Moreover, supplementation with methionine, S‐adenosylmethionine, S‐adenosylhomocysteine and homocysteine also suppressed the slow growth. Overexpression of STR1 or STR4 caused a more severe defect in the skp2 mutant. These results suggest that the balance of methionine and cysteine biosynthesis is important for yeast cell growth. Thus, Skp2p is one of the key components regulating this balance and H2S/SO2 production. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
TCA cycle‐independent acetate metabolism via the glyoxylate cycle in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Lee Yong Joo , Jang Jin Won , Kim Kyung Jin , Maeng Pil Jae 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the accepted theory is that due to TCA cycle dysfunction, the Δcit1 mutant lacking the mitochondrial enzyme citrate synthase (Cit1) cannot grow on acetate, regardless of the presence of the peroxisomal isoenzyme (Cit2). In this study, we re‐evaluated the roles of Cit1 and Cit2 in acetate utilization and examined the pathway of acetate metabolism by analysing mutants defective in TCA or glyoxylate cycle enzymes. Although Δcit1 cells showed significantly reduced growth on rich acetate medium (YPA), they exhibited growth similar to Δcit2 and the wild‐type cells on minimal acetate medium (YNBA). Impaired acetate utilization by Δcit1Δcit2 cells on YNBA was restored by ectopic expression of either Cit2 or its cytoplasmically localized variants. Deletion of any of the genes for the enzymes solely involved in the TCA cycle (IDH1, KGD1 and LSC1), except for SDH1, caused little defect in acetate utilization on YNBA but resulted in significant growth impairment on YPA. In contrast, cells lacking any of the genes involved in the glyoxylate cycle (ACO1, FUM1, MLS1, ICL1 and MDH2) did not grow on either YNBA or YPA. Deletion of SFC1 encoding the succinate–fumarate carrier also caused similar growth defects on YNBA. Our results suggest that in S. cerevisiae the glyoxylate cycle functions as a competent metabolic pathway for acetate utilization on YNBA, while both the TCA and glyoxylate cycles are essential for growth on YPA. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in early adolescents’ friendship development: Friendship selection, influence, and prospective friendship quality
Authors: Ojanen Tiina , Sijtsema Jelle J. , Hawley Patricia H. , Little Todd D. 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACTFriendships are essential for adolescent social development. However, they may be pursued for varying motives, which, in turn, may predict similarity in friendships via social selection or social influence processes, and likely help to explain friendship quality. We examined the effect of early adolescents’ (N = 374, 12–14 years) intrinsic and extrinsic friendship motivation on friendship selection and social influence by utilizing social network modeling. In addition, longitudinal relations among motivation and friendship quality were estimated with structural equation modeling. Extrinsic motivation predicted activity in making friendship nominations during the sixth grade and lower friendship quality across time. Intrinsic motivation predicted inactivity in making friendship nominations during the sixth, popularity as a friend across the transition to middle school, and higher friendship quality across time. Social influence effects were observed for both motives, but were more pronounced for intrinsic motivation.