bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring predictors of optimism among parents of children with cancer
Authors: Fayed Nora , Klassen Anne F. , Dix David , Klaassen Robert , Sung Lillian 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjective: To explore predictors of optimism in parents of children with cancer. Methods: A cross‐sectional multi‐centre study of 411 parents of children in active treatment for cancer was conducted. The Life Orientation Test—Revised was used to assess optimism. Other appropriate items and standardized questionnaires were used to assess parent and child characteristics. Predictors of optimism were explored using simple and multiple linear regression modelling techniques. Results: The presence of positive intrapsychic traits, such as self‐esteem and mastery, was more predictive of parental optimism than factors related to child cancer, such as the child's prognosis. Intrapsychic traits combined with an absence of parental depression, the parents' perception of the child's prognosis and parent education level predicted over 50% of the variance in parent optimism. Correlations between parents' and oncologists' view of the child's prognosis were low. Conclusions: Positive intrapsychic traits are important predictors of optimism in the presence of a parent's positive view of the child's prognosis and higher education levels in the absence of depression. The results also favour the perspective of optimism as a trait of the parent who is resilient to a life stressor, such as dealing with childhood cancer. Additional knowledge about the role of optimism in caregiving for a child with cancer is needed before it can be explored for assessment or intervention purposes. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Six‐minute walking test and the assessment of cardiorespiratory responses during weight‐loss programmes in obese children
Authors: Elloumi Mohamed , Makni Emna , Ounis Omar Ben , Moalla Wassim , Zbidi Abdelrkarim , Zaoueli Monia , Lac Gérard , Tabka Zouhair 
Published: April 2010

AbstractPurpose. We assessed the exercise tolerance and cardiorespiratory responses during 2‐month weight‐loss programmes using the 6‐minute walking test (6MWT) in obese children. Methods. Twenty‐eight male obese children were randomly assigned to either a control group (C), an energy restriction group (R), an exercise training at maximum lipid‐oxidation (LIPOXmax) group (E), or an energy restriction/training group (RE). The body composition, the submaximal incremental cycling exercise, and the 6MWT were performed before and after the 2‐month programme. Results. After the programme, RE group showed a significant improvement of body composition (body weight reduced by 6.3 ± 1.5 kg, p < 0.01), and an increase of 6‐minute walking distance (6MWD) (+13.7%, p < 0.01). Similarly, maximum oxygen uptake calculated according to the American College of Science Medicine guideline (VO2maxACSM) and VO2max predicted from 6MWD were respectively higher (+12.9% and +10.0%, p < 0.01) than the R or E groups. Bland‐Altman analysis highlighted an agreement of these two methods of VO2max measurement. Moreover, in all participants the 6MWD was significantly correlated with VO2maxACSM and LIPOXmax (r = 0.77, p < 0.001 and r = 0.67, p < 0.01; respectively) before the programme as well as their changes in percentage over the programme (r = 0.85 and r = 0.86, p < 0.0001; respectively). Conclusions. We concluded that a 2‐month weight‐loss programme including energy restriction and exercise training targeted at LIPOXmax improved body composition and cardiorespiratory tolerance in obese children. Furthermore, the 6MWT could be considered as a useful and reliable tool for the assessment and the follow‐up of cardiorespiratory responses during weight‐loss programme in obese children. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The structure of the FYR domain of transforming growth factor beta regulator 1
Authors: García‐Alai María M. , Allen Mark D. , Joerger Andreas C. , Bycroft Mark 
Published: April 2010

AbstractMany chromatin‐associated proteins contain two sequence motifs rich in phenylalanine/tyrosine residues of unknown function. These so‐called FYRN and FYRC motifs are also found in transforming growth factor beta regulator 1 (TBRG1)/nuclear interactor of ARF and MDM2 (NIAM), a growth inhibitory protein that also plays a role in maintaining chromosomal stability. We have solved the structure of a fragment of TBRG1, which encompasses both of these motifs. The FYRN and FYRC regions each form part of a single folded module (the FYR domain), which adopts a novel α + β fold. Proteins such as the histone H3K4 methyltransferases trithorax and mixed lineage leukemia (MLL), in which the FYRN and FYRC regions are separated by hundreds of amino acids, are expected to contain FYR domains with a large insertion between two of the strands of the β‐sheet.
Nonvolatile multilevel memory effect in Cu/WO3/Pt device structures
Authors: Li Yingtao , Long Shibing , Liu Qi , Wang Qin , Zhang Manhong , Lv Hangbing , Shao Lubing , Wang Yan , Zhang Sen , Zuo Qingyun , Liu Su , Liu Ming 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe multilevel storage properties of Cu/WO3/Pt structure devices are demonstrated. By the application of suitable compliance current values, the Cu/WO3/Pt memory device can be driven to various resistance states. Some distinguishable states are reproducible over 100 dc switching cycles, and such states remain stable over 104seconds. The multilevel memory effect in the Cu/WO3/Pt device can be attributed to the combination of the radial growth of filaments and the formation of more conductive filaments when applying a higher compliance current during the set process. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Homology modeling and molecular dynamics simulation of an alpha methyl coenzyme M reductase from methanogenic archea
Authors: Silva José Rogério Araújo , Lameira Jerônimo , Santana Priscila P. B. , Silva Artur , Schneider Maria Paula Cruz , Alves Cláudio Nahum 
Published: April 2010

AbstractMethanogenic archeans are organisms of considerable ecological and biotechnological interest, which produce methane through a restricted metabolic pathway. In the present article, homology modeling and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were employed to construct the three‐dimensional structures of the alpha Methyl‐coenzyme M reductase (MCR_α) of the Methanogenic archeans from Tucuruí hydroelectric dam in eastern Brazilian Amazonia. The models obtained of the archean MCR_α presented approximately 70% and 69% sequence identity in comparison with the MCR_α from Methanopyrus klanderi and Methanosarcina barkeri, respectively. The analysis of the homology modeling and MD simulation indicates that our theoretical prediction is consistent with known experimental data and show that 3D structures of the MCR_α from archeans of different orders tend to be well‐conserved. In additional, the electrostatic surface potentials were obtained and compared for the MCR_α from the two different forms. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010
The role of the Frontier orbitals in acid–base chemistry of organic amines probed by ab initio and chemometric techniques
Authors: La Porta Felipe A. , Santiago Regis T. , Ramalho Teodorico C. , Freitas Matheus P. , Da Cunha Elaine F. F. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe Frontier effective‐for‐reaction molecular orbital (FERMO) concept emerges as a powerful and innovative implement to investigate the role of molecular orbitals (MOs) applied in the description of breakage and formation of chemical bonds. In this work, theoretical calculations were carried out for conjugated acids of 18 amines and their acid–base behavior was analyzed using MO energies. We observed that highest occupied MO (HOMO) energies are inadequate to describe the acid–base behavior of these compounds. By using the FERMO concept, the reactions that are driven by HOMO, and those that are not, can be better explained, independent of the calculation method used, as independent of the calculation method used, both HF and Kohn–Sham methodologies lead to the same FERMO. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010
Coupled cluster and configuration interaction quantum calculations of infrared fundamental intensities
Authors: da Silva João Viçozo , Vidal Luciano N. , Vazquez Pedro A. M. , Bruns Roy E. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe fundamental infrared intensities of HF, H2O, HCN, CH3F, CH4, C2H6, C2H2, and C2H4have been calculated at the quadratic configuration interaction and coupled cluster levels using a wide variety of basis sets. Both these levels contemplated single and double excitations and most of the coupled cluster calculations included triple excitations. The basis sets used included the cc‐pVXZ (X = D,T,Q,5) sets, with and without polarization orbitals, the aug‐cc‐pVTZ set, and the Sadlej Z2PolX, Z3PolX, and pVTZ basis sets The theoretical results depended more on basis set variation rather than changes between the CCSD(T) and QCISD levels, although the results from these electron correlation treatment levels are quite different from those obtained at the second‐order Moller‐Plesset perturbation level. Principal component and hierarchical clustering analyses confirm the stronger basis set dependence of the intensity values. The cc‐pVTZ basis set gives results that are about twice as accurate as those obtained using the smaller cc‐pVDZ. However, basis sets that are larger than cc‐pVTZ are not seen to improve accuracy. Most accurate intensity results were obtained using the CCSD(T)/cc‐pVTZ and QCISD/cc‐pVTZ levels with root mean square (rms) errors of 5.4 and 5.9 km mol−1. This compares with a rms error of 11.7 km mol−1for results obtained at the MP2/6‐311++G(3d,3p) level that has often been used to calculate infrared fundamental intensities. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010
The relative contributions of ecology and hydraulics to ecohydraulics
Authors: Rice S. P. , Little S. , Wood P. J. , Moir H. J. , Vericat D. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA national meeting of the British Hydrological Society held at Loughborough University (UK) focused on process interactions between lotic organisms, flow and sediment at scales relevant to organisms. The meeting sought to address how it is possible to scale up results of small (organism) scale research at the interface of ecology, geomorphology and hydrology to improve understanding of river ecology at larger scales. The resulting papers in this special issue represent a broad cross section of the interdisciplinary research on biofilms, plants, macroinvertebrates and fish currently being undertaken in this arena. A survey of conference delegates and bibliographic analysis suggested that ecohydraulics is not a term which attracts the attention of as many biologists and ecologists as it does physical scientists (e.g. water resource engineers and geomorphologists). This may represent a hurdle on the path towards a more integrative, interdisciplinary river science because it suggests a missed opportunity for fruitful exchanges and interactions between physical and biological scientists. In this context, it is notable that one of the papers in this collection includes a passionate call for greater ecological input within the emerging field of ecohydraulics and another presents a hydraulicists view of an appropriate theoretical platform for integrating ecological, hydrodynamic and biomechanical processes. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
“Doing” science versus “being” a scientist: Examining 10/11‐year‐old schoolchildren's constructions of science through the lens of identity
Authors: Archer Louise , DeWitt Jennifer , Osborne Jonathan , Dillon Justin , Willis Beatrice , Wong Billy 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe concern about students' engagement with school science and the numbers pursuing the further study of science is an international phenomenon and a matter of considerable concern among policy makers. Research has demonstrated that the majority of young children have positive attitudes to science at age 10 but that this interest then declines sharply and by age 14, their attitude and interest in the study of science has been largely formed. This paper reports on data collected as part of a funded 5‐year longitudinal study that seeks to determine how students' interest in science and scientific careers evolves. As an initial part of the study, six focus group discussions were undertaken with schoolchildren, age 10–11, to explore their attitudes toward science and interest in science, the findings of which are presented here. The children's responses are analyzed through the lens of identity, drawing on a theoretical framework that views identity as an embodied and a performed construction that is both produced by individuals and shaped by their specific structural locations. This work offers new insights into the manner in which students construct representations of science and scientists. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Sci Ed 94:617–639, 2010
Graphical Asian options
Authors: Joshi Mark S. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe discuss the problem of pricing Asian options in the Black–Scholes model using CUDA on a graphics processing unit. We survey some of the issues with GPU programming and discuss code design and memory usage. We show that by using a Quasi Monte Carlo simulation with a geometric Asian option as a control variate, it is possible to get prices that are accurate to 2E‐4 within a fiftieth of a second. Copyright © 2010 Wilmott Magazine Ltd.
Preoperative Predictors of Significant Symptomatic Response After 1 Year of Gastric Electrical Stimulation for Gastroparesis
Authors: Musunuru Sandeepa , Beverstein Gretchen , Gould Jon 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackgroundIn cases of gastroparesis where significant symptoms fail to respond to standard medical therapy, gastric electrical stimulation (GES) may be of benefit. Unfortunately, not all patients improve with this therapy. Reliable preoperative predictors of symptomatic response to GES may allow clinicians to offer this expensive and invasive treatment to only those patients most likely to benefit.MethodsTherapy was initiated in 15 patients more than 12 months prior to this retrospective review of our prospectively maintained data. All patients completed a Total Symptom Score (TSS) survey at every encounter as well as the SF‐36 quality‐of‐life instrument prior to surgery. A failure of GES therapy was considered to have occurred when after 1 year of treatment, preoperative TSS had not decreased by at least 20%.ResultsFour patients (4 idiopathic) failed to improve more than 20% on multiple assessments after a year of therapy. All diabetic patients experienced a durable symptomatic improvement with GES. Review of individual items of the TSS revealed that nonresponders experienced less severe vomiting preoperatively.ConclusionsDiabetic gastroparesis patients respond best to GES. Responders tend to have more severe vomiting preoperatively. Patients with idiopathic gastroparesis who do not experience severe vomiting should be cautioned about a potentially higher rate of poor response to GES and may be better served with alternative treatments.
“The Bigger the Network the Bigger the Bowl of Cherries…”: Exploring the Acceptability of, and Preferences for, an Ongoing Support Network for Known BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 Mutation Carriers
Authors: Hughes Lisa , Phelps Ceri 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThere is increasing evidence to suggest that the ongoing information and support needs of BRCA gene mutation carriers are not being met. This qualitative study investigated preferences for an on‐going support network for mutation carriers in Wales, UK. Seventeen female BRCA1/2 mutation carriers participated in focus groups which explored their current and on‐going information and psychological support needs. The interviews were transcribed and thematically analysed. The results reflected a diversity of experiences and support needs. The majority of participants felt they and their families would benefit from an on‐going ‘support network’ which should incorporate information‐provision alongside elements of a traditional support group alongside, internet‐based support such as web‐based chat forums, matching schemes and professionally led workshops. Some degree of professional input into any such initiative was believed to be important. This study has informed the development of an appropriate support network based on a hub and spoke model to help carriers and their families adapt to living and coping with their genetic risk.
Women's Experience of Telehealth Cancer Genetic Counseling
Authors: Zilliacus Elvira M. , Meiser Bettina , Lobb Elizabeth A. , Kirk Judy , Warwick Linda , Tucker Katherine 
Published: April 2010

AbstractTelegenetics offers an alternative model of delivering genetic counseling to rural and outreach areas; however there is a dearth of qualitative research into the patient's experience. Twelve women who had received telemedicine genetic counseling for hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancer (HBOC) within the previous 12 months participated in a semi‐structured telephone interview. The interview explored women's experience with telegenetics, satisfaction, perceived advantages and disadvantages and quality of the interaction with their genetic professionals. Overall women were highly satisfied with telegenetics. Telegenetics offered them convenience and reduced travel and associated costs. The majority of women described feeling a high degree of social presence, or rapport, with the off‐site genetic clinician. One woman with a recent cancer diagnosis, reported that telemedicine was unable to meet her needs for psychosocial support. This finding highlights the need to be mindful of the psychosocial support needs of women with a recent diagnosis being seen via telegenetics. Patients attending for HBOC genetic counseling are generally highly satisfied with the technology and the interaction. Care should be taken, however, with patients with more complex psychosocial needs.
A new species ofMyotragusBate, 1909 (Artiodactyla, Caprinae) from the Early Pliocene of Mallorca (Balearic Islands, western Mediterranean)
Authors: BOVER PERE , QUINTANA JOSEP , ALCOVER JOSEP ANTONI 
Published: April 2010

AbstractMyotragus palomboin.sp. (Artiodactyla, Caprinae) is described from the Early Pliocene of Mallorca (Balearic Islands, western Mediterranean). This species is the earliest representative of theMyotraguslineage known to date in the Balearic Islands. A metatarsal, and several teeth and postcranial remains were found in a karstic deposit located on the east coast of the island, near Caló den Rafelino (Manacor), together with remains ofHypolagus, two rodent species, an insectivore and several reptiles. The metatarsal and phalanges of the new bovid are short and robust and display a combination of characters only observed inMyotragus. The presence of a larger p2, a metatarsal robustness index lower than inM. pepgonellae(the earliest known species to date), together with the morphology of the incisors, all suggest thatM. palomboishould be considered as the ancestor ofM. pepgonellae. Short metapodials and the reduction of p2 displayed byM. palomboicould be linked to a first stage of evolution in insular conditions. The arrival of this bovid to the island of Mallorca probably took place during the Mediterranean Messinian Salinity Crisis (Late Miocene, 5.6–5.32 Ma ago). Although the relationship of the new taxon to other fossil caprines cannot be definitively established, it could be phylogenetically close to the Late Miocene European speciesAragoral mudejarandNorbertia hellenica.
Discipline and Morale of the African, British and Indian Army units in Burma and India during World War II: July 1943 to August 1945
Authors: ROY KAUSHIK 
Published: April 2010

AbstractTowards the end of World War II, the morale of British units stationed in Burma and India was on a downslide. In contrast, the morale of Indian units was quite high. In fact, after the 1943 Arakan Campaign, the morale of Indian units rose slowly but steadily. The morale and discipline of Indian troops are also compared and contrasted with another colonial army: the African troops. By making a comparative study of the Commonwealth troops deployed in Burma and India, this paper attempts to show how and why the contours of morale and discipline changed among the various groups of troops at different times. The study of morale and discipline of the troops deployed in these two regions represents two extreme conditions: while Burma remained a war front, India did not experience any actual warfare except for some skirmishes with Indus tribes at the northwest frontier. In general, bad discipline is partly responsible for bad morale andvice versa, which adversely affects the fighting power of armies. This turns to the issue of ‘why do men fight’? The ‘will to war’ is directly proportional to good discipline and strong morale amongst troops. This paper will look for the causative factors shaping discipline and morale of both metropolitan and colonial soldiers, based mainly on military intelligence reports on morale. We will see that rather than grand ideas like nationalism and anti-fascism, mundane factors like the supply of good rations, access to sex and service conditions, influence the morale and discipline of soldiers, and hence their combat-worthiness.
Trajectories of stress reactions and somatization symptoms among war veterans: a 20-year longitudinal study
Authors: Ginzburg K. , Solomon Z. 
Published: April 2010

BackgroundThere is considerable evidence that immediate and long-term stress reactions are associated with increased somatic symptomatology. However, because of the scarcity of long-term longitudinal studies, the trend of mutual change of these factors has not been assessed. This study examined the chronological inter-relationships between post-traumatic stress reactions and somatization symptoms among combatants over a 20-year period.MethodTwo groups of veterans were assessed 1, 2, 3 and 20 years after their participation in the 1982 Lebanon War: a clinical group of veterans who had been diagnosed with combat stress reaction (CSR) on the battlefield (n=363), and a matched control group of veterans (n=301).ResultsThe CSR veterans reported higher initial levels of intrusion and avoidance and a steeper decline in those symptoms over time in comparison to the control group. The former also reported higher initial levels of somatization symptoms than the latter. In addition, over the years, stress reactions were positively associated with somatization symptoms. For both study groups, in the first years after the war, stress reaction symptoms predicted somatization symptoms. However, with time, the trend was reversed and somatization symptoms predicted stress reactions.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that CSR is a marker for future stress reactions and somatization symptoms, and indicate a long-term role for these symptoms in veterans' psychological distress.