bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
الكفاءة الادارية لدى رؤساء الأقسام العلمية من وجهة نظر تدريسيي الجامعة
Authors: محمد سلطان مصعب علي , نادر اديب محمد 
Published: May 2024

إن رؤساء الأقسام بعدهم قيادات إدارية اكاديمية وضعوا بكونهم ضرورة فكرية وكوحدة لاتخاذ القرارات عن طبيعة المناهج والطلاب والأساتذة، تلك القرارات التي أصبحت من الصعب ان تتخذ في الإدارة الجامعية بكفاءة ودقة بعيدا عن مساهمة الأقسام الاكاديمية وتوصياتها وفقا لخبراتها المباشرة بموضوع القرار الخلافي. فالأقسام الاكاديمية تقع في التنظيمات الجامعية موقع القلب من الجسد، فعلى الرغم من كونها تمثل أصغر وحدة من وحدات التنظيم الجامعي، باعتبار ان الجامعات تتألف من كليات ومعاهد واقسام، فان الواقع يشير الى انها حجر الزاوية في الجامعة.
إن نجاح العملية الإدارية التربوية عادة ما تتوقف على توافر القيادة الرشيدة، ذلك أن القائد التربوي يلعب دوراً هاماً في تحديد الأهداف ورسم الطرق، والتأثير في مرؤوسيه وحثهم على العمل. بيد أن القيادة عملية نسبية، ذلك أن الفرد قد يكون قائداً في موقف ما وتابعاً في أخر، ومن هنا يرتبط مفهوم القيادة بمفهوم الدور والمسؤولية وترتبط القيادة بنمط الشخصية الانفعالية للقائد.
لذا جاء هذا البحث ليحقق الهدفين الآتيين:
التعرف على: -
1-الكفاءة الادارية لدى رؤساء الأقسام العلمية من وجهة نظر تدريسيي الجامعة.
2-دلالة الفروق في الكفاءة الادارية لدى رؤساء الأقسام العلمية من وجهة نظر تدريسيي الجامعة تبعا لمتغيري:
ا-النوع: (ذكور – اناث).
ب-التخصص: (علمي -انساني).
ولأجل التوصل الى هدفي البحث قام الباحث ببناء مقياس للكفاءة الادارية لدى رؤساء الأقسام العلمية على عينة بلغت (300) تدريسي وتدريسية من أساتذة الجامعة المستنصرية، وبعد استخراج معاملات الصدق والثبات للمقياس، وكذلك استخراج البيانات الخاصة بإجاباتهم، أظهرت نتائج البحث ما يلي:
1- إن رؤساء الاقسام العلمية يتمتعون من مستوى مرتفع من الكفاءة الادارية.
2-ليس هنالك تأثير للنوع والتخصص في ارتفاع مستوى الكفاءة الادارية لدى رؤساء الاقسام العلمية.
قياس الانجاز الوظيفي لدى مدراء المدارس الثانوية
Authors: حمد احمد محمد , الصميدعي نمير ابراهيم 
Published: May 2024

يهدف البحث الحالي التعرف على (قياس الانجاز الوظيفي لدى مدراء المدارس).
1-مستوى الانجاز الوظيفي لدى مدراء المدارس الثانوية.
2-الفروق ذات الدلالة الاحصائية في مستوى الانجاز الوظيفي لدى مدراء المدارس الثانوية تبعا لمتغير الجنس(ذكور-اناث).
3-الفروق ذات الدلالة الاحصائية في مستوى الانجاز الوظيفي لدى مدراء المدارس الثانوية تبعا لمتغير سنوات الخدمة.
وتضمنت العينة مدراء المدارس الثانوية ، وقد بلغت عينة البحث (190) مديراً ومديرة من مدراء المدارس الثانوية وقام الباحث ببناء مقياس الانجاز الوظيفي وهو جزء من المتطلبات الاساسية للبحث الحالي لعدم وجود مقياس يتلائم مع طبيعة الدراسة، وبعد اطلاع الخبراء على المقياس حيث كان نسبة أتفاق (80%) فأكثر كنسبة لصالحية الفقرات وقد تكون المقياس من (32) وجرى التحقق من الصدق الظاهري للمقياس، واستخدم الباحث بعض الوسائل الاحصائية وهي )الاختبار التائي لعينه واحدة، واختبار التائي لعينتين مستقلتين، ومعامل ارتباط بيرسون الفاكرونباخ). وقد توصل الباحث إلى النتائج الأتية:
1- يتمتع مديرو المدارس الثانوية بمستوى عال من الانجاز الوظيفي.
2- وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين الذكور والإناث في الانجاز الوظيفي لصالح الذكور.
3- عدم وجود فروق دالة إحصائياً بين سنوات الخدمة في مستوى الانجاز الوظيفي.
وقد فسر الباحث هذه النتائج بناء على الاطار النظري والدراسات السابقة وفي ضوء النتائج التي تم التوصل إليها في البحث الحالي: وخرج الباحث بعدد من التوصيات والمقترحات، منها، إجراء دراسة للتعرف على أثر برنامج في الانجاز الوظيفي وعلاقته بالكفاءة المهنية لدى مدراء المدارس الثانوية,
On the issue of the methodology of the study of petroglyphs of medieval architectural structures of the North Caucasus
Authors: Iliasov Lecha Makhmudovich 
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the problems of the methodology of the study of petroglyphs of architectural structures of the North Caucasus. The author considers methodological approaches to the interpretation of their semantics, taking into account the dual nature of petroglyphs of architectural structures, which, on the one hand, are a special cultural phenomenon with their pictorial traditions and a set of symbols, and, on the other, genetically go back to rock art, respectively, possessing the properties of rock paintings. The author believes that, interpreting the semantics of petroglyphs and their compositions, it is very important to take into account the historical context in which they were created and consider their significance in line with religious traditions relevant to the population of that era. According to the author, epic formulas or ideograms that originate in rock art play a special role in deciphering the meaning of petroglyphs of architectural structures, and in petroglyphs of architectural structures they acquire a specific character due to a narrow set of sacred symbols. The methodological basis of the research is a set of general historical, ethnographic and archaeological research methods, the use of which is determined by the nature of the material being studied. The author believes that, despite the difficulties of interpreting petroglyphs of architectural structures associated with the reconstruction of religious and mythological representations of the ancient population, it is a certain set of sacred symbols and their compositions, as well as epic formulas, that are the key to their deciphering. Petroglyphs of architectural structures have their origin in ancient rock art, which makes it possible to use in their research, including methodological techniques for studying rock paintings, the historiography of which has almost 150 years and a huge number of scientific monographs and articles. At the same time, the petroglyphs of medieval buildings in the North Caucasus possessed expressive self-sufficiency, which allowed the peoples of the region to use it to fix their religious, mythological and social traditions for transmission to the next generations.
Efectos del Vermicompost sobre la Residualidad y Disipación de Clorpirifos y la Fertilidad en un Entisol de Clima Semiárido
Authors: Tito-Nova Oscar , Choqueneira-Ccasa Sara , Sarmiento-Sarmiento Guido , Lipa-Mamani Luis 
Published: May 2024

El uso excesivo de clorpirifos afecta la calidad de los suelos agrícolas provocando efectos negativos en la inocuidad de los alimentos cosechados. El comportamiento de los residuos de clorpirifos depende de las propiedades edáficas especialmente la materia orgánica. El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar el efecto de la aplicación de vermicompost en la residualidad y disipación de clorpirifos en un suelo entisol de clima semiárido con variaciones en su fertilidad edáfica. Se estudiaron cuatro tratamientos. T1: 7.5% vermicompost (V) y 92.5% suelo (S); T2: 5% V y 95% S; T3: 2.5% V y 97.5% S; T4: 0% V y 100% S. Los tratamientos fueron sometidos a un periodo de incubación de siete días. Posteriormente, se aplicó una dosis de clorpirifos de 1.5 mg kg-1 como ingrediente activo en una sola oportunidad por cada tratamiento. Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar con tres repeticiones por cada tratamiento conformando 12 unidades experimentales. La determinación analítica de clorpirifos se efectuó por cromatografía líquida de alta resolución (HPLC). Las evaluaciones se realizaron a 1,7, 14, 28, 42, 70 y 98 días de la aplicación de clorpirifos. Los resultados demostraron que la incorporación de vermicompost al suelo en niveles crecientes promovió la disminución de la concentración residual de clorpirifos y facilitó su disipación de manera gradual. Las curvas de disipación de clorpirifos corresponden a una ecuación logarítmica de primer orden donde los efectos de los tratamientos ocasionaron mayor disipación de clorpirifos conforme transcurrió el periodo de evaluación. A 98 días de evaluación el T1 registró menor residualidad (0.786 m kg-1), mayor tasa de disipación diaria (0.008) y menor vida media de clorpirifos (86.64 días). Al final del periodo de investigación, los niveles edáficos de P, K, CE y CIC se incrementaron mientras que la MO, N y pH descendieron luego de la aplicación de vermicompost.
Pengaruh Pembiasaan Sholat Dhuha Terhadap Kedisiplinan Ibadah Siswa
Authors: Tri Yugo  
Published: May 2024

Pembiasaan sholat dhuha berjamaah sebagai bentuk latihan religius dapat menjadi instrumen yang efektif dalam membentuk kedisiplinan ibadah siswa. Dengan kedisiplinan ibadah yang baik, diharapkan siswa dapat menginternalisasikan nilai – nilai keagamaan dan mempraktekkan ajaran agama Islam dalam kehidupan sehari – hari, baik di sekolah maupun di rumah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembiasaan sholat dhuha terhadap kedisiplinan ibadah siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survey. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan instrumen angket atau kuisioner. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah simple random sampling yaitu pengambilan anggota sampel dari populasi yang dilakukan secara acak tanpa memperhatikan strata yang ada dalam populasi dan dianggap homogen. Sampel diambil dari populasi yaitu siswa SMP KP Baros, dan sampel yang diambil sebanyak 31 responden. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan pembiasaan sholat dhuha terhadap kedisiplinan ibadah siswa. Dengan nilai signifikasi 0,000 < 0,05 dan nilai R Square sebesar 0,366 yang menunjukkan bahwa sebesar 36,6% kedisiplinan ibadah siswa (Y) dipengaruhi oleh pembiasaan sholat dhuha (X), maka ho ditolak dan ha diterima.
Maternal health in cities: analysis of institutional maternal mortality and health system bottlenecks in Kampala City Uganda, 2016-2021
Authors: Birabwa Catherine , Banke-Thomas Aduragbemi , Waiswa Peter , Semaan Aline , Kananura Rornald Muhumuza , van Olmen Josefien , Beňová Lenka 
Published: May 2024

Background Recent estimates have shown a stagnation in maternal mortality reduction globally. Levels and trends in maternal mortality in urban settings in Africa are of interest due to health system challenges posed by rapid urbanisation. Given the high percentage of births occurring in city health facilities, tracking the institutional maternal mortality ratio (IMMR) can reveal key performance issues. We described the trends in IMMR between 2016 and 2021, and the causes and characteristics of maternal deaths in Kampala, Uganda. Methods This retrospective study utilised routine data from all facilities in Kampala that provided childbirth services from 2016 to 2021. Three key variables were used: number of deliveries, live births, and maternal deaths. Additionally, from medical records in three purposively selected hospitals, we extracted information on characteristics of women recorded as maternal deaths and their causes for the period 2016-2021 from death notification and review forms. We conducted descriptive analysis and assessed time trends in IMMR. Results For the six-year period, the Kampala-level IMMR was 189/100,000 deliveries (194/100,000 livebirths). The IMMR declined from 213 (2016) to 109/100,000 deliveries in 2019 (p=0.04) and then increased to 258 in 2021 (p=0.12). A review of 358 maternal death records showed that 65% of deaths were women referred from other health facilities, and 47% lived in the surrounding district (Wakiso). Obstetric haemorrhage (44%) and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (28%) were the most commonly recorded causes of death. Health system factors such as lack of blood and other supplies contributed to 65% of the deaths reviewed. Conclusions IMMR in Kampala increased from 2019-2021. Health infrastructure changes and maternal health initiatives potentially accounted for the observed trend by affecting data quality. Referral and facility readiness were underlying reasons for maternal deaths. Addressing bottlenecks in emergency referral processes may contribute to mortality reduction. Further research should determine the relative contribution of key influences on mortality levels and examine the dynamics between women’s care-seeking pathways and service delivery arrangements for emergency obstetric care in urban settings.
Long-Term Trends in Mosquito Vector Populations and Their Impact on Yellow Fever Outbreaks in Atlantic Forest Fragments of Rio De Janeiro, Brazil (2016–2021)
Authors: Olsson Freitas Silva Shayenne , Ferreira de Mello Cecilia , Figueiró Ronaldo , Carbajal-de-la-Fuente Ana Laura , Dias Rayane , Alencar Jeronimo 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Among all living beings, mosquitoes account for the highest number of human fatalities. Our study aimed to determine mosquito egg abundance fluctuation from 2015 to 2020, in order to observe which years had the highest mosquito vector densities and whether they coincided with yellow fever virus outbreaks in both human and nonhuman primates. The study area included Atlantic Forest fragments in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Studies from the Diptera Laboratory at FIOCRUZ were selected and compared along a timeline period of the field collections. The highest peak in egg abundance from the analyzed studies was observed from 2016 to 2017 and from 2015 to 2016. The lowest egg abundance was during the collection periods from 2018 to 2019 and 2019 to 2020. The species with the highest abundance throughout all the periods of the studies analyzed was Haemagogus leucocelaenus, representing 87% of all epidemiological species identified. The species with the lowest abundance was Hg. Janthinomys, representing only 1%. Monitoring the population of mosquitoes is imperative for disease surveillance, as the rise in specimens of various vector species directly impacts the occurrence of yellow fever cases in both nonhuman primates and human populations.
Penerapan Kuis Interaktif untuk Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Matematika
Authors: Azhari Alya , Adhimah Olivia Khufyatul , Huda Syaiful 
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi permasalahan pada proses pembelajaran pasca Covid 19 yaitu rendahnya minat belajar matematika pada peserta didik. penerapan kuis interaktif diharapkan mampu meningkatkan minat belajar matematika. Jenis penelitian ini adalah PTK (Penelitian Tindakan Kelas). Subjek penelitian ini adalah 36 peserta didik kelas 7 SMPN 3 Candi. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan angket. Diperoleh hasil penelitian adanya peningkatan minat belajar matematika peserta didik yang ditunjukkan dengan meningkatnya banyak peserta didik dengan minat belajar tinggi dan menurunnya banyak peserta didik dengan minat belajar rendah. Pada siklus I tidak ditemukan peserta didik dengan minat belajar rendah, terdapat 20 peserta didik dengan minat belajar sedang dan 16 peserta didik dengan minat belajar tinggi sedangkan pada siklus II tidak ditemukan peserta didik dengan minat belajar rendah, terdapat 14 peserta didik dengan minat belajar sedang dan 22 peserta didik dengan minat belajar tinggi.
Adaptive features of winter triticale accessions from the VIR collection
Authors: Garaeva N. Sh. , Ponomarev S. N. , Ponomareva M. L. 
Published: May 2024

Background. In the context of global climate change, the study and development of genetic material with environmental plasticity and stability in the manifestation of its traits becomes relevant. The scientific and practical results achieved in triticale breeding place this crop among the most popular cereals in terms of economic importance. However, the main problem for the use of triticale in breeding practice is its limited genetic resources.Materials and methods. The research materials were 161 winter triticale (× Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus) accessions from the global collection of VIR. The study and breeding-oriented assessment of the material were based on conventional breeding techniques and carried out according to the guidelines approved by VIR with minor amendments. The obtained research data underwent statistical analysis using the method by A. V. Kilchevsky and L. V. Khotyleva.Results. Environmental and genetic parameters were analyzed under the conditions of the Middle Volga Region of Russia. Genotypes were identified for their high general adaptability, i. e., securing the highest average yield in the entire set of environments. Cultivars were also selected for their least variable high yields under the impact of weather conditions. The analysis of the studied set of accessions showed that both high-yielding and low-yielding genotypes were stable. The character’s mean value and its environmental sensitivity were relatively independent and could be incorporated in one genotype in various combinations. This finding can be used in the process of triticale breeding.
Evaluation of aluminum tolerance diversity in Avena sativa L. from the VIR collection
Authors: Loskutov I. G. , Blinova E. V. , Novikova L. Yu. 
Published: May 2024

Background. Oat is an important food and feed cereal crop in Russia. The area under oats is 10 million ha worldwide, and 3 million ha in Russia. Acid soils with excessive content of exchangeable aluminum occupy almost every third hectare in the exUSSR territory. Oats are relatively resistant to unfavorable soil factors. Among cereal crops, oat is second only to rye and triticale in terms of resistance to exchangeable Al forms. Despite the crop’s high environmental plasticity, an important condition for obtaining sustainable oat yields is the development of new cultivars with resistance to adverse environmental factors, including metal toxicity and high soil acidity.The objective of this work was to search for oat cultivars resistant to soil stressors (excess of Н+ and Al3+) for use in breeding for edaphic resistance.Materials and methods. The research material included 687 oat accessions from the VIR global plant genetic resources collection. The accessions underwent laboratory evaluation of their aluminum tolerance at the initial growth and development stages using the method of measuring radicle growth after the exposure to aluminum stress. Reproducibility of the used modification of the method was mathematically proved.Results and discussion. Significant variation in the resistance to the studied stressor was observed among the accessions. The regions acting as sources of valuable aluminum resistance genes were identified for the crop. The accessions selected for their high resistance to exchangeable aluminum can be used in breeding programs to develop high-yielding oat cultivars with edaphic resistance.
Composition of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits and gluten quality in wheat lines with alien genetic material
Authors: Orlovskaya O. A. , Vakula S. I. , Khotyleva L. V. , Kilchevsky A. V. 
Published: May 2024

Background. High-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GSs) make the greatest contribution to the formation of baking properties in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Glutenin polymorphism of bread wheat relatives is significantly richer than in cultivated varieties. The objective of this work was to identify the HMW-GS composition and assess the gluten quality of bread wheat lines with introgressions of alien genetic material.Materials and methods. We studied the parental varieties of spring bread wheat, accessions of the tetraploid and hexaploid Triticum L. species, and 19 introgressive lines produced with their participation. Glutenins were separated using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and HMW-GSs were identified using the Payne nomenclature system. Gluten quality was determined in accordance with GOST 13586.1-68 (the 2017–2019 and 2021–2022 growing seasons). Data processing was performed using the Statistica 10.0 and MS Excel software packages.Results and conclusion. HMW-GSs uncharacteristic of T. aestivum cultivars were identified in the studied accessions of T. dicoccoides (Körn. ex Aschers. et Graebn.) Schweinf., T. spelta L., and T. kiharae Dorof. et Migusch. These HMW-GSs are of interest for enriching the wheat gene pool. HMW-GSs of related species were found in 10 out of 19 introgressive lines. A five-year observation period revealed that wheat relatives on average significantly exceeded common wheat cultivars in gluten quality, and introgressive lines did not differ significantly from the parental genotypes. Lines with high rheological properties of gluten had, as a rule, HMW-GSs of related species in their composition.
Environmental adaptability of spring durum wheat (<I>Triticum durum</I> Desf.) cultivars developed in Saratov
Authors: Gaponov S. N. , Shutareva G. I. , Tsetva N. M. , Tsetva I. S. , Milovanov I. V. , Burmistrov N. A. , Zhiganova E. S. , Solovova N. S. 
Published: May 2024

Background. The spreading of drought-resistant spring durum wheat cultivars with high grain quality developed by Saratov breeders to the eastern regions of Russia is dictated by climate change: higher air temperatures, precipitation deficit during the growing season, and summer droughts.Materials and methods. The material for research included seven spring durum wheat cultivars developed at the Federal Center of Agriculture Research (FCAR) of the South-East Region in Saratov: ‘Valentina’, ‘Nik’, ‘Yelizavetinskaya’, ‘Nikolasha’, ‘Luch 25’, ‘Pamyati Vasilchuka’, and ‘Tamara’. The cultivars and their yields in 2012–2022 were evaluated to calculate the coefficients of environmental plasticity and stability according to the methods by S. A. Eberhart and B. A. Russell, as interpreted by V. A. Zykin. Grain quality indicators were measured on the devices: Infratec 1241 for protein, Glutomatic for the index of gluten (IG), and Spekol 10 for the yellowness index (b%).Results. The adaptability of spring durum wheat cultivars bred in Saratov was confirmed by the coefficients of environmental plasticity and stability. According to the results of the study, cvs. ‘Nik’, ‘Nikolasha’, ‘Luch 25’ and ‘Pamyati Vasilchuka’ with plasticity coefficients (bi) > 1 were highly responsive to the conditions of cultivation and production of high-quality grain.Conclusion. The data obtained on grain productivity and high quality make it possible to recommend drought-resistant cultivars released by the FCAR of the South-East Region for use in various regions of Russia.
Androgenesis and gynogenesis in tomato (<I>Solanum lycopersicum</I> L.) <I>in vitro</I>
Authors: Shergina A. A. , Kurina A. B. 
Published: May 2024

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most consumed vegetable crops worldwide. Tomato fruits are rich in vitamins, minerals, and pigments, including lycopene. The high demand and the need to enhance tomato production call for new improved cultivars and F1hybrids.Biotechnological methods reduce the time for source material development and the labor intensity of breeding efforts. Obtaining doubled haploid plants makes it possible to fix and analyze new gene combinations faster than with conventional breeding techniques, and produce homozygous genotypes. Tomato is highly unsusceptible to haploid induction, which has been continuously studied for more than 40 years and is still of special interest. The main methods for producing haploids are based on androgenesis and gynogenesis. Androgenesis is the production of haploids from the cells of the male gametophyte, and gynogenesis from the cells of the female gametophyte.The objective was to review the research on the induction of tomato haploids based on androgenesis and gynogenesis. No standardized, efficient or reproducible protocols are currently available to produce doubled haploids of tomato. It is necessary to determine the incubation conditions, physicochemical environments, dependence of the genotypein vitro, physiological state of the donor plant, and development of the anther, which affect the reproducibility of protocols to achieve haploid induction. Anther culture for obtaining haploid tomato plants has not yielded successful results, and the studies on microspore culture were too few, so it is difficult to understand the effectiveness of this technique. The method of gynogenesis is poorly investigated, but the culture of unfertilized ovules can become a successful way to obtain tomato haploids, with more research on this subject.