bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new species of the congrid eel genus Ariosoma (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Congridae) from the Southeast coast of India, Bay of Bengal
Authors: Kodeeswaran Paramasivam , Kathirvelpandian A. , Mohapatra Anil , Ajith Kumar T. T. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A new species of congrid eel genus, Ariosoma is described here based on two mature female specimens collected from trawl by-catch landings at Thoothukudi fishing harbour, off Thoothukudi, Bay of Bengal. The new species can be easily distinguished from its congeners in having pre-anal length 48.7–49.1% TL; dorsal-fin origin just before pectoral-fin insertion; body bicoloured, pale brown dorsally and silvery white ventrally; preopercular portion dark; pectoral fin reddish with dark spot at the base; SO canal with six pores; pre-dorsal vertebrae 10–11; pre-anal vertebrae 61–64; total vertebrae 162–163. Further, the new species differs from all the congeners of Indian waters in having more total vertebrae, except A. albimaculatum (162–163 vs 129–153 in others; 161–164 in A. albimaculatum). The new species identity was also supported by molecular analyses using the mitochondrial COI gene and the result revealed that the new species is closely related to Ariosoma maurostigma and Ariosoma albimaculatum with a pair-wise genetic distance of 11.4% and 11.6% followed by A. melanospilos with 16.8%.
Neural responses to facial emotions and subsequent clinical outcomes in difficult-to-treat depression
Authors: Fennema Diede , Barker Gareth J. , O'Daly Owen , Duan Suqian , Godlewska Beata R. , Goldsmith Kimberley , Young Allan H. , Moll Jorge , Zahn Roland 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundAmygdala and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex responses to facial emotions have shown promise in predicting treatment response in medication-free major depressive disorder (MDD). Here, we examined their role in the pathophysiology of clinical outcomes in more chronic, difficult-to-treat forms of MDD.MethodsForty-five people with current MDD who had not responded to ⩾2 serotonergic antidepressants (n = 42, meeting pre-defined fMRI minimum quality thresholds) were enrolled and followed up over four months of standard primary care. Prior to medication review, subliminal facial emotion fMRI was used to extract blood-oxygen level-dependent effects for sad v. happy faces from two pre-registered a priori defined regions: bilateral amygdala and dorsal/pregenual anterior cingulate cortex. Clinical outcome was the percentage change on the self-reported Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (16-item).ResultsWe corroborated our pre-registered hypothesis (NCT04342299) that lower bilateral amygdala activation for sad v. happy faces predicted favorable clinical outcomes (rs[38] = 0.40, p = 0.01). In contrast, there was no effect for dorsal/pregenual anterior cingulate cortex activation (rs[38] = 0.18, p = 0.29), nor when using voxel-based whole-brain analyses (voxel-based Family-Wise Error-corrected p < 0.05). Predictive effects were mainly driven by the right amygdala whose response to happy faces was reduced in patients with higher anxiety levels.ConclusionsWe confirmed the prediction that a lower amygdala response to negative v. positive facial expressions might be an adaptive neural signature, which predicts subsequent symptom improvement also in difficult-to-treat MDD. Anxiety reduced adaptive amygdala responses.
Childhood anhedonia symptoms and stressful life events predict the development of reward-related brain activity across adolescence
Authors: Szenczy A.K. , Adams E.M. , Hawes M.T. , Anatala J. , Gair K. , Klein D.N. , Hajcak G. , Nelson B.D. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The reward positivity (RewP) is an event-related potential that indexes reinforcement learning and reward system activation. The RewP has been shown to increase across adolescence; however, most studies have examined the RewP across two assessments, and no studies have examined within-person changes across adolescence into young adulthood. Moreover, the RewP has been identified as a neurobiological risk factor for adolescent-onset depression, but it is unclear whether childhood psychosocial risk factors might predict RewP development across adolescence. In a sample of 317 8- to 14-year-old girls (Mage = 12.4, SD = 1.8), the present study examined self-report measures of depression symptoms and stressful life events at baseline and the ΔRewP during the doors guessing task across three timepoints. Growth modeling indicated that, across all participants, the ΔRewP did not demonstrate linear change across adolescence. However, baseline anhedonia symptoms predicted within-person changes in the ΔRewP, such that individuals with low anhedonia symptoms demonstrated a linear increase in the ΔRewP, but individuals with high anhedonia symptoms had no change in the ΔRewP across adolescence. Similar patterns were observed for stressful life events. The present study suggests that childhood risk factors impact the development of reward-related brain activity, which might subsequently increase risk for psychopathology.
Rapid Ultrasonography for Shock and Hypotension Protocol Performed using Handheld Ultrasound Devices by Paramedics in a Moving Ambulance: Evaluation of Image Accuracy and Time in Motion
Authors: Azapoglu Kaymak Burcu , Eksioglu Merve 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Handheld ultrasound (US) devices have become increasingly popular since the early 2000s due to their portability and affordability compared to conventional devices. The Rapid Ultrasonography for Shock and Hypotension (RUSH) protocol, introduced in 2009, has shown promising accuracy rates when performed with handheld devices. However, there are limited data on the accuracy of such examinations performed in a moving ambulance. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and accuracy of the RUSH protocol performed by paramedics using handheld US devices in a moving ambulance.

Objectives:
The study aimed to examine the performability of the RUSH protocol with handheld US devices in a moving ambulance and to evaluate the accuracy of diagnostic views obtained within an appropriate time frame.

Methods:
A prospective study was conducted with paramedics who underwent theoretical and practical training in the RUSH protocol. The participants performed the protocol using a handheld US device in both stationary and moving ambulances. Various cardiac and abdominal views were obtained and evaluated for accuracy. The duration of the protocol performance was recorded for each participant.

Results:
Nine paramedics completed the study, with 18 performances each in both stationary and moving ambulance groups. The accuracy of diagnostic views obtained during the RUSH protocol did not significantly differ between the stationary and moving groups. However, the duration of protocol performance was significantly shorter in the moving group compared to the stationary group.

Conclusion:
Paramedics demonstrated the ability to perform the RUSH protocol effectively using handheld US devices in both stationary and moving ambulances following standard theoretical and practical training. The findings suggest that ambulance movement does not significantly affect the accuracy of diagnostic views obtained during the protocol. Further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to validate these findings and explore the potential benefits of prehospital US in dynamic environments.
Realtors Interpret History: The Intellectual Origins of Early National Real Estate Organizing
Authors: Glotzer Paige 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn 1891, when U.S. realtors attempted to establish their first national professional organization, the National Real Estate Association (NREA), they turned to history to provide a shared intellectual foundation to justify collective organization. Though the NREA was only in operation for a short period, the ways its members invoked history illuminate how key assumptions about race, property, and citizenship became central to a nascent national real estate industry, predating the more well-known real estate professionalization projects of the twentieth century. History united members from different regions with little in common who were skeptical of the need to form a national institution. They used history in three ways to sustain the organization: repeating narratives, theorizing historical change, and constructing historical subjects. They infused each of these with an imperial worldview fashioned from competing lines of thought in circulation at the time. Among these were sectional reconciliation, manifest destiny, and narratives of civilizational progress. Through their actions, they embedded white supremacist Gilded Age and Progressive Era formulations of history into real estate via the new institution.
Lunar Farside South Pole‐Aitken Basin Interior: Evidence for More Extensive Central Cryptomaria in the South Pole‐Aitken Compositional Anomaly (SPACA)
Authors: Wang Xing , Head James W. , Chen Yuan , Zhao Feiyue , Kreslavsky Mikhail A. , Wilson Lionel , Qian Yuqi , Liu Jianjun , Li Chunlai 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the central area of the South Pole‐Aitken (SPA) basin, an intermediate albedo, mafic compositional anomaly (SPA Compositional Anomaly, SPACA) has been documented by previous studies, but its origin remains uncertain. We conducted an investigation of stratigraphic units defined based on morphology and composition and their relative ages, and placed these in the context of basin topography and the observed sequence of geological events, all helping to distinguish between SPACA origins from: (a) SPA impact melt, (b) volcanism induced by the SPA event and (c) lunar cryptomaria. We conclude that SPACA represents extensive traditional cryptomare deposits overlying the SPA impact melt. We interpret the basin center to be filled with cryptomare deposits at least one km thick (>1 × 105 km3 in volume) with ages not younger than Early Imbrian. We attribute the relatively high albedo of SPACA to lateral mixing of ejecta from nearby highlands craters and basins, and conclude that the cryptomaria basalts are likely to be very similar to basalts on the nearside. Our findings imply a 0.5%–1.8% increase in the total volume of global lunar mare and cryptomare deposits. These results show that mare volcanism was common only in areas of thinnest crust on the lunar farside, a factor important in understanding lunar nearside‐farside asymmetries. Despite this significant increase in total cryptomare volume in the SPA basin center, SPA remains underfilled relative to nearside mascon basins. Return of mare basalts from the SPA region by Chang’E‐6 will help determine potential mantle source region differences and petrogenetic pathways.
Tonic excitation by astrocytic GABA causes neuropathic pain by augmenting neuronal activity and glucose metabolism
Authors: Ju Yeon Ha , Cho Jongwook , Park Ji-Young , Kim Hyunjin , Hong Eun-Bin , Park Ki Duk , Lee C. Justin , Chung Euiheon , Kim Hyoung-Ihl , Nam Min-Ho 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNeuropathic pain is a debilitating condition caused by the hyperexcitability of spinal dorsal horn neurons and is often characterized by allodynia. Although neuron-independent mechanisms of hyperexcitability have been investigated, the contribution of astrocyte-neuron interactions remains unclear. Here, we show evidence of reactive astrocytes and their excessive GABA release in the spinal dorsal horn, which paradoxically leads to the tonic excitation of neighboring neurons in a neuropathic pain model. Using multiple electrophysiological methods, we demonstrated that neuronal hyperexcitability is attributed to both increased astrocytic GABA synthesis via monoamine oxidase B (MAOB) and the depolarized reversal potential of GABA-mediated currents (EGABA) via the downregulation of the neuronal K+/Cl− cotransporter KCC2. Furthermore, longitudinal 2-deoxy-2-[18F]-fluoro-D-glucose microPET imaging demonstrated increased regional glucose metabolism in the ipsilateral dorsal horn, reflecting neuronal hyperexcitability. Importantly, inhibiting MAOB restored the entire astrocytic GABA-mediated cascade and abrogated the increased glucose metabolism and mechanical allodynia. Overall, astrocytic GABA-mediated tonic excitation is critical for neuronal hyperexcitability, leading to mechanical allodynia and neuropathic pain.
High-throughput mechanical phenotyping and transcriptomics of single cells
Authors: Shiomi Akifumi , Kaneko Taikopaul , Nishikawa Kaori , Tsuchida Arata , Isoshima Takashi , Sato Mayuko , Toyooka Kiminori , Doi Kentaro , Nishikii Hidekazu , Shintaku Hirofumi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe molecular system regulating cellular mechanical properties remains unexplored at single-cell resolution mainly due to a limited ability to combine mechanophenotyping with unbiased transcriptional screening. Here, we describe an electroporation-based lipid-bilayer assay for cell surface tension and transcriptomics (ELASTomics), a method in which oligonucleotide-labelled macromolecules are imported into cells via nanopore electroporation to assess the mechanical state of the cell surface and are enumerated by sequencing. ELASTomics can be readily integrated with existing single-cell sequencing approaches and enables the joint study of cell surface mechanics and underlying transcriptional regulation at an unprecedented resolution. We validate ELASTomics via analysis of cancer cell lines from various malignancies and show that the method can accurately identify cell types and assess cell surface tension. ELASTomics enables exploration of the relationships between cell surface tension, surface proteins, and transcripts along cell lineages differentiating from the haematopoietic progenitor cells of mice. We study the surface mechanics of cellular senescence and demonstrate that RRAD regulates cell surface tension in senescent TIG-1 cells. ELASTomics provides a unique opportunity to profile the mechanical and molecular phenotypes of single cells and can dissect the interplay among these in a range of biological contexts.
Genomic insights unveil the plasmid transfer mechanism and epidemiology of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Quynh , Nguyen Yen Thi Phuong , Ha Tuyen Thanh , Tran Dung Thi Ngoc , Voong Phat Vinh , Chau Vinh , Nguyen Phuong Luong Nha , Le Ngan Thi Quynh , Nguyen Lan Phu Huong , Nguyen To Thi Nguyen , Trinh Tan Van , Carrique-Mas Juan J. , Baker Stephen , Thwaites Guy , Rabaa Maia A. , Choisy Marc , Chung Hao The , Pham Duy Thanh 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) is a significant cause of severe invasive infections in Vietnam, yet data on its epidemiology, population structure and dynamics are scarce. We screened hvKp isolates from patients with bloodstream infections (BSIs) at a tertiary infectious diseases hospital in Vietnam and healthy individuals, followed by whole genome sequencing and plasmid analysis. Among 700 BSI-causing Kp strains, 100 (14.3%) were hvKp. Thirteen hvKp isolates were identified from 350 rectal swabs of healthy adults; none from 500 rectal swabs of healthy children. The hvKp isolates were genetically diverse, encompassing 17 sequence types (STs), predominantly ST23, ST86 and ST65. Among the 113 hvKp isolates, 14 (12.6%) carried at least one antimicrobial resistance (AMR) gene, largely mediated by IncFII, IncR, and IncA/C plasmids. Notably, the acquisition of AMR conjugative plasmids facilitated horizontal transfer of the non-conjugative virulence plasmid between K. pneumoniae strains. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated hvKp isolates from BSIs and human carriage clustered together, suggesting a significant role of intestinal carriage in hvKp transmission. Enhanced surveillance is crucial to understand the factors driving intestinal carriage and hvKp transmission dynamics for informing preventive measures. Furthermore, we advocate the clinical use of our molecular assay for diagnosing hvKp infections to guide effective management.
Advancing interactive systems with liquid crystal network-based adaptive electronics
Authors: Lyu Pengrong , Broer Dirk J. , Liu Danqing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAchieving adaptive behavior in artificial systems, analogous to living organisms, has been a long-standing goal in electronics and materials science. Efforts to integrate adaptive capabilities into synthetic electronics traditionally involved a typical architecture comprising of sensors, an external controller, and actuators constructed from multiple materials. However, challenges arise when attempting to unite these three components into a single entity capable of independently coping with dynamic environments. Here, we unveil an adaptive electronic unit based on a liquid crystal polymer that seamlessly incorporates sensing, signal processing, and actuating functionalities. The polymer forms a film that undergoes anisotropic deformations when exposed to a minor heat pulse generated by human touch. We integrate this property into an electric circuit to facilitate switching. We showcase the concept by creating an interactive system that features distributed information processing including feedback loops and enabling cascading signal transmission across multiple adaptive units. This system responds progressively, in a multi-layered cascade to a dynamic change in its environment. The incorporation of adaptive capabilities into a single piece of responsive material holds immense potential for expediting progress in next-generation flexible electronics, soft robotics, and swarm intelligence.
Exon-junction complex association with stalled ribosomes and slow translation-independent disassembly
Authors: Bensaude Olivier , Barbosa Isabelle , Morillo Lucia , Dikstein Rivka , Le Hir Hervé 
Published: May 2024

AbstractExon junction complexes are deposited at exon-exon junctions during splicing. They are primarily known to activate non-sense mediated degradation of transcripts harbouring premature stop codons before the last intron. According to a popular model, exon-junction complexes accompany mRNAs to the cytoplasm where the first translating ribosome pushes them out. However, they are also removed by uncharacterized, translation-independent mechanisms. Little is known about kinetic and transcript specificity of these processes. Here we tag core subunits of exon-junction complexes with complementary split nanoluciferase fragments to obtain sensitive and quantitative assays for complex formation. Unexpectedly, exon-junction complexes form large stable mRNPs containing stalled ribosomes. Complex assembly and disassembly rates are determined after an arrest in transcription and/or translation. 85% of newly deposited exon-junction complexes are disassembled by a translation-dependent mechanism. However as this process is much faster than the translation-independent one, only 30% of the exon-junction complexes present in cells at steady state require translation for disassembly. Deep RNA sequencing shows a bias of exon-junction complex bound transcripts towards microtubule and centrosome coding ones and demonstrate that the lifetimes of exon-junction complexes are transcript-specific. This study provides a dynamic vision of exon-junction complexes and uncovers their unexpected stable association with ribosomes.
Mapping recurrent mosaic copy number variation in human neurons
Authors: Sun Chen , Kathuria Kunal , Emery Sarah B. , Kim ByungJun , Burbulis Ian E. , Shin Joo Heon ,   Brain Somatic Mosaicism Network, Gleeson Joseph G. , Breuss Martin W. , Yang Xiaoxu , Antaki Danny , Chung Changuk , Averbuj Dan , Ball Laurel L. , Roy Subhojit , Weinberger Daniel , Jaffe Andrew , Paquola Apua , Erwin Jennifer , Straub Richard , Narurkar Rujuta , Mathern Gary , Walsh Christopher A. , Lee Alice , Huang August Yue , D’Gama Alissa , Dias Caroline , Maury Eduardo , Ganz Javier , Lodato Michael , Miller Michael , Li Pengpeng , Rodin Rachel , Borges-Monroy Rebeca , Hill Robert , Bizzotto Sara , Khoshkhoo Sattar , Kim Sonia , Zhou Zinan , Park Peter J. , Barton Alison , Galor Alon , Chu Chong , Bohrson Craig , Gulhan Doga , Lim Elaine , Lim Euncheon , Melloni Giorgio , Cortes Isidro , Lee Jake , Luquette Joe , Yang Lixing , Sherman Maxwell , Coulter Michael , Kwon Minseok , Lee Semin , Lee Soo , Viswanadham Vinary , Dou Yanmei , Chess Andrew J. , Jones Attila , Rosenbluh Chaggai , Akbarian Schahram , Langmead Ben , Thorpe Jeremy , Cho Sean , Abyzov Alexej , Bae Taejeong , Jang Yeongjun , Wang Yifan , Molitor Cindy , Peters Mette , Gage Fred H. , Wang Meiyan , Reed Patrick , Linker Sara , Urban Alexander , Zhou Bo , Pattni Reenal , Zhu Xiaowei , Amero Aitor Serres , Juan David , Povolotskaya Inna , Lobon Irene , Moruno Manuel Solis , Perez Raquel Garcia , Marques-Bonet Tomas , Soriano Eduardo , Moran John V. , Flasch Diane A. , Frisbie Trenton J. , Kopera Huira C. , Moldovan John B. , Kwan Kenneth Y. , Mills Ryan E. , Zhou Weichen , Zhao Xuefang , Ratan Aakrosh , Vaccarino Flora M. , Cherskov Adriana , Jourdon Alexandre , Fasching Liana , Sestan Nenad , Pochareddy Sirisha , Scuder Soraya , Weinberger Daniel R. , Moran John V. , Kidd Jeffrey M. , Mills Ryan E. , McConnell Michael J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhen somatic cells acquire complex karyotypes, they often are removed by the immune system. Mutant somatic cells that evade immune surveillance can lead to cancer. Neurons with complex karyotypes arise during neurotypical brain development, but neurons are almost never the origin of brain cancers. Instead, somatic mutations in neurons can bring about neurodevelopmental disorders, and contribute to the polygenic landscape of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disease. A subset of human neurons harbors idiosyncratic copy number variants (CNVs, “CNV neurons”), but previous analyses of CNV neurons are limited by relatively small sample sizes. Here, we develop an allele-based validation approach, SCOVAL, to corroborate or reject read-depth based CNV calls in single human neurons. We apply this approach to 2,125 frontal cortical neurons from a neurotypical human brain. SCOVAL identifies 226 CNV neurons, which include a subclass of 65 CNV neurons with highly aberrant karyotypes containing whole or substantial losses on multiple chromosomes. Moreover, we find that CNV location appears to be nonrandom. Recurrent regions of neuronal genome rearrangement contain fewer, but longer, genes.
DeepDive: estimating global biodiversity patterns through time using deep learning
Authors: Cooper Rebecca B. , Flannery-Sutherland Joseph T. , Silvestro Daniele 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUnderstanding how biodiversity has changed through time is a central goal of evolutionary biology. However, estimates of past biodiversity are challenged by the inherent incompleteness of the fossil record, even when state-of-the-art statistical methods are applied to adjust estimates while correcting for sampling biases. Here we develop an approach based on stochastic simulations of biodiversity and a deep learning model to infer richness at global or regional scales through time while incorporating spatial, temporal and taxonomic sampling variation. Our method outperforms alternative approaches across simulated datasets, especially at large spatial scales, providing robust palaeodiversity estimates under a wide range of preservation scenarios. We apply our method on two empirical datasets of different taxonomic and temporal scope: the Permian-Triassic record of marine animals and the Cenozoic evolution of proboscideans. Our estimates provide a revised quantitative assessment of two mass extinctions in the marine record and reveal rapid diversification of proboscideans following their expansion out of Africa and a >70% diversity drop in the Pleistocene.