bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crevasses triggered on Pine Island Glacier, West Antarctica, by drilling through an exceptional melt layer
Authors: Scott Julian B.T. , Smith Andrew M. , Bingham Robert G. , Vaughan David G. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe basic theory of crevasse formation suggests that crevasses initiate at or near the surface. However, due to variations in stress with depth, it has been suggested that it is possible for crevasses to initiate at depths of 10–30m. From December 2006 to January 2007, hot-water drilling on Pine Island Glacier, West Antarctica, was found to trigger crevasses. Satellite imagery and field investigations in 2008, including ice cores, radar and GPS, revealed that these formed a new band of arcuate (curvilinear) crevasses around 70 km long and 100 m deep. This new band is located 10 km upstream from the previous limit of the arcuate crevasse zone. The crevasses were triggered on drilling through an exceptional ice layer at >20m depth. Ice layers within the firn will change both the strength and stress intensity. As the firn changes spatially and temporally (e.g. with the burial of an ice layer), it is possible for the position of crevasse initiation to change whilst the along-stream strain-rate profile remains constant. However, the main cause of an upstream migration of the arcuate crevasse zone on Pine Island Glacier is still likely to be an increase in strain rate.
Interpretation of amplitude data from a ground-based radar in combination with terrestrial photogrammetry and visual observations for calving monitoring of Kronebreen, Svalbard
Authors: Chapuis Anne , Rolstad Cecilie , Norland Richard 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA ground-based radar has been used successfully for monitoring calving events and velocities at Kronebreen, Svalbard, for two test seasons in 2007 and 2008. We use daily terrestrial optical photogrammetry and continuous visual observation to validate the interpretation of a 116 hour ground-based radar amplitude of return signal data recorded from 26 to 30 August 2008. The radar was placed –4 km from the glacier. It measured at high temporal rate (2 Hz) and the antenna lobe covered a width of –700 m of the front. The calving-front geometry was extracted from the optical images, and its effect on radar backscatter, together with the movement of the glacier, was identified in the plot of the amplitude of the radar return signal. Calving events were detected applying an automated change-detection technique to the radar dataset. This technique allowed us to detect 92% of the events that were observed during the same time. In this paper, we focus on the method rather than on data interpretation. However, future use of this method, combined with meteorological data, tides and ocean temperature, will be valuable for calving-process studies.
Lesion concordance, image quality and artefacts in PET/CT
Authors: Krause B. J. , Eschmann S. M. , Juergens K. U. , Kuehl H. , Pfannenberg A. C. , Stollfuss J. , Weckesser M. , Bockisch A. , Stergar H. 
Published: June 2010

Summary
Aim: This study had three major objectives: 1.) to record the number of concordant (both in PET and CT) pathological lesions in different body regions/organs, 2.) to evaluate the image quality and 3.) to determine both, the quantity and the quality of artefacts in whole body FDG PET/CT scans. Patients, methods: Routine whole body scans of 353 patients referred to FDG-PET/ CT exams at 4 university hospitals were employed. All potentially malignant lesions in 13 different body regions/organs were classified as either concordant or suspicious in FDG-PET or CT only. In the latter case the diagnostic relevance of this disparity was judged. The image quality in PET and CT was rated as a whole and separately in 5 different body regions. Furthermore we investigated the frequency and site of artefacts caused by metal implants and oral or intravenous contrast media as well as the subjective co-registration quality (in 4 body regions) and the diagnostic impact of such artefacts or misalignment. In addition, the readers rated the diagnostic gain of adding the information from the other tomographic method. Results: In total 1941 lesions (5.5 per patient) were identified, 1094 (56%) out of which were concordant. 602 (71%) out of the 847 remaining lesions were detected only with CT, 245 (29%) were only PET-positive. As expected, CT particularly depicted the majority of lesions in the lungs and abdominal organs. However, the diagnostic relevance was greater with PET-only positive lesions. Most of the PET/CT scans were performed with full diagnostic CT including administration of oral and intravenous contrast media (> 80%). The image quality in PET and CT was rated excellent. Artefacts occurred in more than 60% of the scans and were mainly due to (dental) metal implants and contrast agent. Nevertheless there was almost no impact on diagnostic confidence if reading of the non attenuation corrected PET was included. The co-registration quality in general was also rated as excellent. Misalignment mostly occurred due to patient motion and breathing and led to diagnostic challenges in about 4% of all exams. The diagnostic gain of adding PET to a CT investigation was rated higher than vice versa. Conclusions: As the image quality in both PET and CT was more than satisfying, CT-artefacts almost never led to diagnostic uncertainties and serious misalignment rarely occurred, PET/CT can be considered as suitable for routine use and may replace single PET- and CT-scans. However, additional reading of the non attenuation corrected PET is mandatory to assure best possible diagnostic confidence in PET. Since approximately half of all lesions found in PET/CT were not concordant, at least in a setting with a diagnostic CT the exams need to be reported by both a nuclear medicine physician and a radiologist in consensus.
Microsatellite primers for Halophila ovalis and cross‐amplification in H. minor (Hydrocharitaceae)
Authors: Xu Na‐Na , Yu Shuo , Zhang Jun‐guo , Tsang Po Keung Eric , Chen Xiao‐Yong 
Published: June 2010

•Premise of the study: Polymorphic microsatellite primers were developed in the seagrass Halophila ovalis to investigate genetic variation.•Methods and Results: Ten polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed in Halophila ovalis. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 12 across 80 H. ovalis individuals. These loci were successfully amplified in H. minor, and four were monomorphic across 30 individuals.•Conclusions: These results from four H. ovalis populations and one H. minor population show the broad utility of microsatellite loci in future studies of population genetics. Four distinct alleles were present in H. minor but absent in H. ovalis, indicating potential divergence between them.
Remission in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: MA MARGARET H.Y. , SCOTT IAN C. , KINGSLEY GABRIELLE H. , SCOTT DAVID L. 
Published: June 2010

Objective.We systematically reviewed remission as an outcome measure in observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCT) in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our objectives were to identify its frequency using different criteria, to determine the influence of different treatment strategies on remission, and to review the effects of remission on radiological outcomes.Methods.Pubmed, Medline and Embase were searched using the following terms: Early Rheumatoid Arthritis or Early RA combined with Remission, Treatment, anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) or Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARD). Remissions were reported using American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria and Disease Activity Score (DAS) criteria.Results.Seventeen observational studies (4762 patients) reported remission in 27% of patients, 17% by ACR criteria and 33% by DAS criteria. Twenty RCT (4 comparing DMARD monotherapies, 13 comparing monotherapy with combination therapies, 3 comparing combination therapies) enrolled 4290 patients. ACR remissions occurred in 16% receiving DMARD monotherapy and 24% combination therapies (random effects OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.12–2.36). DAS remissions occurred in 26% and 42%, respectively (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.46–2.78). Observational studies showed continuing radiological progression despite remission. RCT showed less radiological progression in remission when treated with combination therapy compared to monotherapies.Conclusion.Remission is a realistic treatment goal in early RA. Combination therapies using DMARD with or without TNF inhibitors increase remissions. Radiological progression occurred in remission but is reduced by combination therapies. ACR and DAS remission criteria are not directly comparable and standardization is needed.
Prognostic Significance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Changes of the Sacroiliac Joints in Spondyloarthritis – A Followup Study
Authors: MADSEN KAREN BERENTH , SCHIØTTZ-CHRISTENSEN BERIT , JURIK ANNE GRETHE 
Published: June 2010

Objective.To evaluate the prognostic significance of sacroiliac joint (SIJ) changes by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based on 2–7 years of followup of patients with axial spondyloarthritis (SpA).Methods.Ninety-four patients (50 women, 44 men) with axial SpA obtained MRI of the SIJ from 1998–2004. They were examined at followup after 25–95 months (mean 51), including MRI and radiography of the SIJ and the spine. The Danish scoring method was used to quantify the activity and chronic SIJ changes by MRI. The activity score included subchondral edema and/or enhancement, while chronic changes encompassed erosions and subchondral fatty marrow deposition (FMD).Results.The MR score values for chronic SIJ changes increased significantly during followup, and were most pronounced in HLA-B27-positive patients and patients fulfilling the modified New York criteria for ankylosing spondylitis (AS) at followup. SIJ activity scores ≥ 2, total chronic scores ≥ 1, erosion scores ≥ 1, and FMD scores ≥ 4 at baseline were significantly related to progression of chronic SIJ changes. Activity score values ≥ 3 at baseline had a sensitivity of 0.83, specificity of 0.75, and accuracy of 0.80 in relation to the presence of AS at followup. The similar values for total chronic SIJ scores ≥ 4 at baseline were 0.86, 0.75, and 0.82, respectively, and for erosion scores ≥ 2 they were 0.88, 0.75, and 0.83.Conclusion.The occurrence of manifest SIJ activity by MRI or chronic changes at baseline was related to progression of chronic changes and the presence of AS at followup.
Methodology for the Systematic Reviews of Occupational Therapy for Children and Adolescents With Difficulty Processing and Integrating Sensory Information
Authors: Arbesman Marian , Lieberman Deborah 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Systematic reviews of literature relevant to children and adolescents with difficulty processing and integrating sensory information are important to the practice of occupational therapy in this area. This article explains the five questions that were developed and served as the focus for these reviews: neuronal plasticity, subtyping, sensory integration and non–sensory integration occupational therapy interventions, and occupational performance for this population. Presented are the background for the reviews; the process followed for each question, including search terms and search strategy; the databases searched; and the methods used to summarize and critically appraise the literature. The final number of articles included in each systematic review, a summary of the results of the review, the strengths and limitations of the review, and implications for practice, education, and research are described.
Examining the Neuroscience Evidence for Sensory-Driven Neuroplasticity: Implications for Sensory-Based Occupational Therapy for Children and Adolescents
Authors: Lane Shelly J. , Schaaf Roseann C. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
When Ayres first presented the theory of sensory integration (SI), she grounded it in the neuroscience literature. Neuroplasticity was then, and is today, considered to be at the heart of this theory. This evidence-based review sought to critically examine the basic science literature to specifically identify evidence for the assumptions and tenets of Ayres’ theory of SI. We reviewed literature between 1964 and 2005, within psychological, physiological, and biomedical areas, addressing neuroplasticity. The review focused on sensorimotor-based neuroplasticity; explored the data that addressed the links among sensory input, brain function, and behavior; and evaluated its relevance in terms of supporting or refuting the theoretical premise of occupational therapy using an SI framework (OT/SI) to treatment. Although direct application from basic science to OT/SI is not feasible, we concluded that there was a basis for the assumptions of Ayes’ SI theory.
Systematic Review of the Research Evidence Examining the Effectiveness of Interventions Using a Sensory Integrative Approach for Children
Authors: May-Benson Teresa A. , Koomar Jane A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractTwenty-seven studies were systematically reviewed to identify, evaluate, and synthesize the research literature on the effectiveness of sensory integration (SI) intervention on the ability of children with difficulty processing and integrating sensory information to engage in desired occupations and to apply these findings to occupational therapy practice. Results suggest the SI approach may result in positive outcomes in sensorimotor skills and motor planning; socialization, attention, and behavioral regulation; reading-related skills; participation in active play; and achievement of individualized goals. Gross motor skills, self-esteem, and reading gains may be sustained from 3 mo to 2 yr. Findings may be limited by Type II error because of small sample sizes, variable intervention dosage, lack of fidelity to intervention, and selection of outcomes that may not be meaningful to clients and families or may not change with amount of treatment provided. Replication of findings with methodologically and theoretically sound studies is needed to support current findings.
Performance Challenges for Children and Adolescents With Difficulty Processing and Integrating Sensory Information: A Systematic Review
Authors: Koenig Kristie Patten , Rudney Sarah G. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
A systematic review of the literature related to performance difficulties for children and adolescents with difficulty processing and integrating sensory information was completed as part of the Evidence-Based Literature Review Project of the American Occupational Therapy Association. The review focused on functional performance difficulties that these children may exhibit in areas of occupation including play and leisure, social participation, activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, rest and sleep, education, and work. The results suggest that children and adolescents with difficulty processing and integrating sensory information do exhibit functional performance difficulties in key areas of occupation. However, further descriptive studies are needed to tie these difficulties to their specific sensory and motor issues. Researchers are encouraged to include functional performance measures and measures of social participation in their studies to further elucidate these relationships.
Relationship Between Context and Sensory Processing in Children With Autism
Authors: Brown Natalie Bennett , Dunn Winnie 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between sensory processing and context for children with autism. We examined home and school contexts using the Sensory Profile (Dunn, 1999) and the Sensory Profile School Companion (Dunn, 2006a) questionnaires.
METHOD. Teachers of 49 students with autism completed the Sensory Profile School Companion, and parents completed the Sensory Profile. We conducted correlational analyses using the avoiding and seeking quadrant scores from the School Companion and corresponding avoiding and seeking quadrant scores from the Sensory Profile.
RESULTS. The avoiding quadrant score coefficient (.59) and the seeking quadrant score coefficient (.45) were statistically significant (p = .01) with good and fair correlations, respectively, suggesting that sensory processing patterns have both universal qualities and context-specific qualities in children with autism.
CONCLUSION. Findings from this study provide initial evidence that sensory processing and context for children with autism are related.
Expressive Behavior in Parkinson’s Disease as a Function of Interview Context
Authors: Takahashi Kayoko , Tickle-Degnen Linda , Coster Wendy J. , Latham Nancy K. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractOBJECTIVE. Parkinson’s disease affects the ability to express motivation through face, body, and voice; contextual factors may facilitate or inhibit expressive behavior. The purpose of this study was to determine whether qualities of the interview context are associated with client motivational behavior in Parkinson’s disease.METHOD. Men and women with Parkinson’s disease (N = 106) discussed 2 topics (enjoyable activity vs. frustrating activity) during an assessment with a female or male interviewer. From videotaped clips, displays of 4 categories of motivation and 12 verbal and 18 nonverbal behavioral patterns were rated.RESULTS. During the discussion of enjoyable activities, participants used more positive words, smiled more, and were more facially expressive. Participants were less talkative about their negative feelings and appeared to be more apathetic with the same-gender interviewer.CONCLUSION. Occupational therapy practitioners should vary the emotional tone of their questions to improve the validity of motivation assessments.
Preparation of DNA and RNA Fragments Containing Guanine N2‐Thioalkyl Tethers
Authors: Hou Xiaorong , Wang Gang , Gaffney Barbara L. , Jones Roger A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis unit describes procedures for preparation of deoxyguanosine and guanosine derivatives in which the guanine N2 contains a thiopropyl tether, protected as a tert‐butyl disulfide. After incorporation into a DNA or RNA fragment, this tether allows site‐specific cross‐linking to a thiol of a protein or another nucleic acid. Curr. Protoc. Nucleic Acid Chem. 41:5.8.1‐5.8.23. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Reaktions‐Diffusions‐Systeme für intrazellulären Transport und Kontrolle
Authors: Soh Siowling , Byrska Marta , Kandere‐Grzybowska Kristiana , Grzybowski Bartosz A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemische Reaktionen können Zellen nur am Leben erhalten, wenn die beteiligten Verbindungen an den erforderlichen Stellen zeitlich präzise angeliefert werden. Die meisten Forschungen haben sich bislang auf aktive Transportmechanismen konzentriert, obwohl die passive Diffusion oft gleich schnell ist und weniger Energie erfordert. Um die Vorteile dieser Transportform zu nutzen, haben die Zellen ausgeklügelte Reaktions‐Diffusions(RD)‐Systeme entwickelt, die zahlreiche zelluläre Funktionen kontrollieren – von Chemotaxis und Zellteilung über Signalkaskaden und ‐oszillationen bis hin zur Zellbeweglichkeit. Diese nur scheinbar unterschiedlichen Systeme sind nach allgemeinen Prinzipien aufgebaut und haben viele Gemeinsamkeiten. Wiederkehrende Elemente sind nichtlineare Kinetik, Autokatalyse und Rückkopplungsschleifen. Um die Funktion dieser komplexen (bio)chemischen Systeme zu verstehen, muss man die Transportkinetik‐Gleichungen analysieren oder die charakteristischen Zeiten der Teilprozesse zumindest qualitativ betrachten. Während wir Beispiele für zelluläre RD‐Systeme vorstellen, versuchen wir daher auch, den Leser mit den theoretischen Grundlagen der RD‐Phänomene vertraut zu machen.
Viral transformation for production of personalized type I interferons
Authors: Xu Dongsheng , Zhang Luwen 
Published: June 2010

AbstractType I interferons (IFN) are cytokines with many functions and have been widely used to treat many human diseases such as hepatitis C virus infection. Using the viral transformation and priming properties of Epstein‐Barr virus, we have developed a system that can produce high levels of “personalized” IFNs, which are produced from the cells of the patient to whom the IFNs are to be administrated. We demonstrate the feasibility of the system. This seems to be the first report for the establishment of a personalized IFN‐production system. The personalized IFNs could have a longer circulation time, fewer side effects but higher efficacy. We anticipate that the system can provide an improved form of IFN for medical uses.
Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for determination of N‐acetylcysteine in human plasma using an isotope‐labeled internal standard
Authors: Lu Chuan , Liu Gangyi , Jia Jingying , Gui Yuzhou , Liu Yanmei , Zhang Mengqi , Liu Yun , Li Shuijun , Yu Chen 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) method was developed to determine total N‐acetylcysteine in human plasma. Mass spectrometric detection was achieved in positive electrospray ionization and multiple reaction monitoring mode. The mass transition pairs of N‐acetylcysteine and the isotope‐labeled internal standard d3‐N‐acetylcysteine were 164 → 122 and 167 → 123, respectively. The method was linear over the range of 10–5000 ng/mL in human plasma. The adoption of trichloroacetic acid significantly enhanced the extraction recovery. The blank matrix was screened to minimize the influence of endogenous N‐acetylcysteine. After being fully validated, the method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic and bioequivalent study of N‐acetylcysteine after oral administration of 600 mg tablets to 24 healthy Chinese volunteers. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Effect of Cation Size and Disorder on the Structure and Properties of the Rare Earth Cobaltates, Ln0.5M0.5CoO3 (Ln: Rare Earth, M: Sr, Ba).
Authors: Vanitha P. V. , Arulraj Anthony , Santhosh P. N. , Rao C. N. R. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Phase Stability of Yttria‐Stabilized Zirconia with Dissolved Cerium and Neptunium Oxides under Oxidizing and Reducing Atmospheres.
Authors: Kinoshita Hajime , Kuramoto Ken‐ichi , Uno Masayoshi , Yanagi Tadashi , Yamanaka Shinsuke , Mitamura Hisayoshi , Banba Tsumetaka 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bulk and Surface Electronic Structure of the Layered Sub‐Nitrides Ca2N and Sr2N.
Authors: Fang C. M. , de Wijs G. A. , de Groot R. A. , Hintzen H. T. , de With G. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ag3SnP7: A Polyphosphide with a Unique 1∞[P7] Chain and a Novel Ag3Sn Heterocluster.
Authors: Shatruk Mikhail M. , Kovnir Kirill A. , Shevelkov Andrei V. , Popovkin Boris A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.