bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contextual barriers and enablers to establishing an addiction-focused consultation team for hospitalized adults with opioid use disorder
Authors: Evans Sandra K. , Ober Allison J. , Korn Ariella R. , Peltz Alex , Friedmann Peter D. , Page Kimberly , Murray-Krezan Cristina , Huerta Sergio , Ryzewicz Stephen J. , Tarhuni Lina , Nuckols Teryl K. , E. Watkins Katherine , Danovitch Itai 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Hospitalization presents an opportunity to begin people with opioid use disorder (OUD) on medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) and link them to care after discharge; regrettably, people admitted to the hospital with an underlying OUD typically do not receive MOUD and are not connected with subsequent treatment for their condition. To address this gap, we launched a multi-site randomized controlled trial to test the effectiveness of a hospital-based addiction consultation team (the Substance Use Treatment and Recovery Team (START)) consisting of an addiction medicine specialist and care manager team that provide collaborative care and a specified intervention to people with OUD during the inpatient stay. Successful implementation of new practices can be impacted by organizational context, though no previous studies have examined context prior to implementation of addiction consultation services (ACS). This study assessed pre-implementation context for implementing a specialized ACS and tailoring it accordingly.

Methods
We conducted semi-structured interviews with hospital administrators, physicians, physician assistants, nurses, and social workers at the three study sites between April and August 2021 before the launch of the pragmatic trial. Using an analytical framework based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, we completed a thematic analysis of interview data to understand potential barriers or enablers and perceptions about acceptability and feasibility.

Results
We interviewed 28 participants across three sites. The following themes emerged across sites: (1) START is an urgently needed model for people with OUD; (2) Intervention adaptations are recommended to meet local and cultural needs; (3) Linking people with OUD to community clinicians is a highly needed component of START; (4) It is important to engage stakeholders across departments and roles throughout implementation. Across sites, participants generally saw a need for change from usual care to support people with OUD, and thought the START was acceptable and feasible to implement. Differences among sites included tailoring the START to support the needs of varying patient populations and different perceptions of the prevalence of OUD.

Conclusions
Hospitals planning to implement an ACS in the inpatient setting may wish to engage in a systematic pre-implementation contextual assessment using a similar framework to understand and address potential barriers and contextual factors that may impact implementation. Pre-implementation work can help ensure the ACS and other new practices fit within each unique hospital context.
Training health professionals to reduce overreporting of birthing people who use drugs to child welfare
Authors: Roberts Sarah C. M. , Taylor Kimá Joy , Alexander Karen , Goodman Daisy , Martinez Noelle , Terplan Mishka 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Health care providers are a key source of reports of infants to child welfare related to birthing people’s substance use. Many of these reports are overreports, or reports that exceed what is legally mandated, and reflect racial bias. We developed and evaluated a webinar for health professionals to address overreporting related to birthing people’s substance use.

Methods
This evaluation study collected data from health professionals registering to participate in a professional education webinar about pregnancy, substance use, and child welfare reporting. It collected baseline data upon webinar registration, immediate post-webinar data, and 6 month follow-up data. Differences in both pre-post-and 6 month follow-up data were used to examine changes from before to after the webinars in beliefs, attitudes, and practices related to pregnant and birthing people who use drugs and child welfare reporting.

Results
592 nurses, social workers, physicians, public health professionals, and other health professionals completed the baseline survey. More than half of those completing the baseline survey (n = 307, 52%) completed one or both follow-up surveys. We observed statistically significant changes in five of the eleven opioid attitudes/beliefs and in four of the nine child welfare attitudes/beliefs from baseline to follow-ups, and few changes in “control statements,” i.e. beliefs we did not expect to change based on webinar participation. All of the changes were in the direction of less support for child welfare reporting. In particular, the proportion agreeing with the main evaluation outcome of “I would rather err on the side of overreporting to child welfare than underreporting to child welfare” decreased from 41% at baseline to 28% and 31% post-webinar and at 6-month follow up (p = 0.001). In addition, fewer participants endorsed reporting everyone at the 6 month follow-up than at baseline (12% to 22%) and more participants endorsed reporting no one at the 6-month follow-up than at baseline (28% to 18%), p = 0.013.

Conclusions
Webinars on the legal, scientific, and ethical aspects of reporting that are co-developed with people with lived experience may be a path to reducing health professional overreporting to child welfare related to birthing people’s substance use.
Identification and expression analysis of two steamer-like retrotransposons in the Chilean blue mussel (Mytilus chilensis)
Authors: Arriagada Gloria , Quezada Johan , Merino-Veliz Nicolas , Avilés Fernando , Tapia-Cammas Diana , Gomez Jorge , Curotto Daniela , Valdes Juan A. , Oyarzún Pablo A. , Gallardo-Escárate Cristian , Metzger Michael J. , Alvarez Marco 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Disseminated neoplasia (DN) is a proliferative cell disorder of the circulatory system of bivalve mollusks. The disease is transmitted between individuals and can also be induced by external chemical agents such as bromodeoxyuridine. In Mya arenaria, we have cloned and characterized an LTR-retrotransposon named Steamer. Steamer mRNA levels and gene copy number correlates with DN and can be used as a marker of the disease. So far, the only mollusk where a retrotransposon expression relates to DN is Mya arenaria. On the other hand, it has been reported that the Chilean blue mussel Mytilus chilensis can also suffers DN. Our aim was to identify retrotransposons in Mytilus chilensis and to study their expression levels in the context of disseminated neoplasia.

Results
Here we show that 7.1% of individuals collected in August 2018, from two farming areas, presents morphological characteristics described in DN. Using Steamer sequence to interrogate the transcriptome of M. chilensis we found two putative retrotransposons, named Steamer-like elements (MchSLEs). MchSLEs are present in the genome of M. chilensis and MchSLE1 is indeed an LTR-retrotransposon. Neither expression, nor copy number of the reported MchSLEs correlate with DN status but both are expressed at different levels among individual animals. We also report that in cultured M. chilensis haemocytes MchSLEs1 expression can be induced by bromodeoxyuridine.

Conclusions
We conclude that SLEs present in Mytilus chilensis are differentially expressed among individuals and do not correlate with disseminated neoplasia. Treatment of haemocytes with a stressor like bromodeoxyuridine induces expression of MchSLE1 suggesting that in Mytilus chilensis environmental stressors can induce activation of LTR-retrotransposon.
Genomic and environmental controls on Castellaniella biogeography in an anthropogenically disturbed subsurface
Authors: Goff Jennifer L. , Szink Elizabeth G. , Durrence Konnor L. , Lui Lauren M. , Nielsen Torben N. , Kuehl Jennifer V. , Hunt Kristopher A. , Chandonia John-Marc , Huang Jiawen , Thorgersen Michael P. , Poole Farris L. , Stahl David A. , Chakraborty Romy , Deutschbauer Adam M. , Arkin Adam P. , Adams Michael W. W. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCastellaniella species have been isolated from a variety of mixed-waste environments including the nitrate and multiple metal-contaminated subsurface at the Oak Ridge Reservation (ORR). Previous studies examining microbial community composition and nitrate removal at ORR during biostimulation efforts reported increased abundances of members of the Castellaniella genus concurrent with increased denitrification rates. Thus, we asked how genomic and abiotic factors control the Castellaniella biogeography at the site to understand how these factors may influence nitrate transformation in an anthropogenically impacted setting. We report the isolation and characterization of several Castellaniella strains from the ORR subsurface. Five of these isolates match at 100% identity (at the 16S rRNA gene V4 region) to two Castellaniella amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), ASV1 and ASV2, that have persisted in the ORR subsurface for at least 2 decades. However, ASV2 has consistently higher relative abundance in samples taken from the site and was also the dominant blooming denitrifier population during a prior biostimulation effort. We found that the ASV2 representative strain has greater resistance to mixed metal stress than the ASV1 representative strains. We attribute this resistance, in part, to the large number of unique heavy metal resistance genes identified on a genomic island in the ASV2 representative genome. Additionally, we suggest that the relatively lower fitness of ASV1 may be connected to the loss of the nitrous oxide reductase (nos) operon (and associated nitrous oxide reductase activity) due to the insertion at this genomic locus of a mobile genetic element carrying copper resistance genes. This study demonstrates the value of integrating genomic, environmental, and phenotypic data to characterize the biogeography of key microorganisms in contaminated sites.
Exploring patients’ experience using PROMs within routine post-discharge follow-up assessment after stroke: a mixed methods approach
Authors: Mourits B.M.P. , den Hartog S.J. , de Graaf J.A. , Roozenbeek B. , Post M.W.M. , Visser-Meily J.M.A. , Scholten E.W.M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Patient Reported Outcomes Measures (PROMs) are being used increasingly to measure health problems in stroke clinical practice. However, the implementation of these PROMs in routine stroke care is still in its infancy. To understand the value of PROMs used in ischemic stroke care, we explored the patients’ experience with PROMs and with the consultation at routine post-discharge follow-up after stroke.

Methods
In this prospective mixed methods study, patients with ischemic stroke completed an evaluation questionnaire about the use of PROMs and about their consultation in two Dutch hospitals. Additionally, telephone interviews were held to gain in-depth information about their experience with PROMs.

Results
In total, 63 patients completed the evaluation questionnaire of which 10 patients were also interviewed. Most patients (82.2–96.6%) found completing the PROMs to be feasible and relevant. Half the patients (49.2–51.6%) considered the PROMs useful for the consultation and most patients (87.3–96.8%) reported the consultation as a positive experience. Completing the PROMs provided 51.6% of the patients with insight into their stroke-related problems. Almost 75% of the patients found the PROMs useful in giving the healthcare provider greater insight, and 60% reported discussing the PROM results during the consultation. Interviewed patients reported the added value of PROMs, particularly when arranging further care, in gaining a broader insight into the problems, and in ensuring all important topics were discussed during the consultation.

Conclusions
Completing PROMs appears to be feasible for patients with stroke attending post-discharge consultation; the vast majority of patients experienced added value for themselves or the healthcare provider. We recommend that healthcare providers discuss the PROM results with their patients to improve the value of PROMs for the patient. This could also improve the willingness to complete PROMs in the future.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the pathologic diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer in a university hospital in Brazil
Authors: Isaac Rodrigo Cordon , Trigo Gabrielly Alves , Zullo Sérgio Antonio , Gobbi Helenice 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the need for extraordinary restrictions and adjustments in health services, which may have compromised cancer screening and oncological treatments. The aim of our retrospective study was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on breast cancer pathologic diagnosis, presentation, and treatment in a university hospital in Brazil.

Materials and methods
We extracted data from the medical records of all patients who were diagnosed with breast cancer and underwent treatment in a Southeast University Hospital in Brazil from March to December between 2018 and 2021. The primary objective was to compare breast cancer diagnosis, stage, and oncology treatments during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2021) with a prepandemic control cohort (2018–2019).

Results
We collected data for 116 patients and 500 breast surgical specimens. There was a -12% decline in the diagnosis of new cases of breast cancer during the pandemic. The decrease was most pronounced when comparing 2019 and 2020 (-50%), and a recovery in the number of diagnoses was noted in 2021 compared to 2019 (+ 7.1%). In terms of therapeutic surgical approaches, an increase of 29.73% occurred during the pandemic period. The increase was most pronounced when comparing 2018 and 2020 (+ 41.18%). Overall, stage distribution and other tumor characteristics did not show statistically significant differences between the pandemic and prepandemic cohorts.

Conclusions
Our results showed a decrease in the number of new breast cancer diagnoses (-12%) during the pandemic compared to the prepandemic period. However, the number of therapeutic surgical approaches performed increased, and a recovery in the number of breast cancer diagnoses during 2021 has been noticed. Concerted measures are needed to minimize the long-term negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on delayed diagnosis.
From bricks to bytes: Verifiable data for decarbonizing the building sector
Authors: Körner Marc-Fabian , Kranz Tobias , Rockstuhl Jakob , Strüker Jens 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAmidst the pressing need to combat climate change and curb greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, the building sector emerges as a pivotal sector, substantially impacting worldwide emissions. Despite efforts to improve energy efficiency and incorporate non-fossil energy sources, the sector still lags in achieving the necessary decarbonization goals. Existing Building Energy Management Systems primarily prioritize economic criteria, overlooking the vital aspect of emissions reduction. Energy Informatics and Information Systems hold the potential to bridge this gap by enabling precise and verifiable GHG emissions accounting, end-to-end real-time tracking, and automated verification within Energy Management Systems (EMS). This paper presents research on designing the advancement of EMSs in the form of a Building Energy Emission Management System (BEEMS) leveraging verifiable emission data for emission-based actions. The central research question revolves around designing BEEMS to facilitate emission-based actions based on verifiable data. Following a multi-step approach, the research methodology encompasses a comprehensive literature review and iterative evaluation of our design principles through a workshop and semi-structured interviews with experts from industry and research. The contributions include a conceptual architecture of a BEEMS and six design principles for future BEEMS development. Ultimately, this research strives to facilitate end-to-end verifiable GHG emissions management in the building sector to enable emission-based energy consumption decisions, contributing to the existing body of knowledge of the Energy Informatics field on BEEMS.
Unraveling the binational outbreak of anthrax in Ghana and Nigeria: an in-depth investigation of epidemiology, clinical presentations, diagnosis, and plausible recommendations toward its eradication in Africa
Authors: Adesola Ridwan Olamilekan , Okeke Valentine Chidalu , Hamzat Abdulafees , Onawola Dauda Ayomide , Arthur Joseph Fosu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Anthrax is a zoonotic disease that is still regarded as a public health issue in developing nations. This paper aims to discuss the epidemiology of anthrax in Africa, the current outbreaks in Ghana and Nigeria, clinical presentations, diagnosis, and treatment of anthrax, challenges associated with the transmission of the disease to both countries and recommendations to reduce this current outbreak and curb future outbreaks in Africa.

Main body of the abstract
Online databases (PubMed, and Google Scholar) and Nigeria Ministry of Agriculture report were used to provide detailed information on the paper. On June 1, 2023, two suspected human cases of anthrax were reported, via a letter sent to all stakeholders in the country, with one death in Binduri District, Upper East region of Ghana. The cases were due to the consumption of dead cattle. Four cattle were reported dead at the time, and eleven suspected human cases were identified through contact tracing. Afterward, on July 17, 2023, the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Nigeria announced the first case of anthrax disease in Nigeria. The National Veterinary Research Institute confirmed the case from samples collected from a suspected livestock farm in Niger State, Nigeria. No human case has been reported.

Short conclusion
Anthrax poses significant challenges to public health and requires cooperation between nations, especially in regions like Ghana and Nigeria, where animal movement and ecological changes can impact disease transmission. Challenges attributed to the spread of anthrax in both countries were discussed, focusing on the role of government and the general public in addressing this public health concern. Given the endemicity of certain transboundary animal diseases such as anthrax in sub-Saharan Africa, the control of animal movement across intra- and international borders in the region needs to be tightened. Regulations governing the transboundary movement of animals should be based on the World Organisation of Animal Health Terrestrial Code and should be strictly enforced to prevent ongoing and future outbreaks in Africa.
Risk Taking Under Limited Liability and Moral Hazard: Quantifying the Role of Motivated Beliefs
Authors: Bosch-Rosa Ciril , Gietl Daniel , Heinemann Frank 
Published: April 2024

This paper investigates whether limited liability and moral hazard affect risk taking through motivated beliefs. On the one hand, limited liability encourages investors to take excessive risks. On the other, excessive risk taking makes it hard for investors to maintain a positive self-image when moral hazard is present. Using a novel experimental design, we show that subjects form motivated beliefs to self-justify their excessive risk taking. For the same investment opportunity, subjects invest more and are significantly more optimistic about the success of the investment if its failure can harm others. We show that more than one third of the investment increases under limited liability, and moral hazard can be explained through motivated beliefs. Moreover, through a treatment with limited liability but no moral hazard, we show that motivated beliefs are formed subconsciously and can lead to the paradoxical result of investors taking larger risks when their investment can harm a third party compared with when it cannot. These results underscore the importance of motivated beliefs in regulatory policy, emphasizing that policymakers must not only address bad incentives, but also address the role of bad beliefs. This paper was accepted by Bruno Biais, finance. Funding: Financial support by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Grant CRC TRR 190, project number 280092119] is gratefully acknowledged. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2021.03947 .
ALERT study: Attitudes, Lived ExpeRience and Treatment in MS bladder and bowel
Authors: Barker Noreen , Winchester Claire , Cowling Susan , Porta Rebecca , Hogan-Tricks Michelle , Gagen Hannah 
Published: April 2024

Objectives: To gain more understanding of the real-world lived experience of neurogenic bladder and bowel among people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Few studies have explored this important perspective. Methods: Qualitative and quantitative methods were applied for data collection. A total of 16 PwMS were recruited into the qualitative phase. The themes emerging from these interviews were used to develop a questionnaire. An online survey was hosted on the Enalyzer platform with the link promoted by The MS Trust. In total, 1148 PwMS took part in the survey. Results: The authors dentified key personal impacts of bladder and bowel symptoms, and varying levels of patient satisfaction with their care and the information they received. Conclusions: Two themes were identified as needing to continue to be explored in order to improve the care landscape for PwMS: ‘breaking the loo taboo’ – encouraging PwMS to talk about their bladder and bowel problems and ‘making every contact count’ – encouraging the multidisciplinary team to be proactive in asking questions. Neurogenic bladder and bowel should be prioritised and championed both at a national and local level in terms of policy and service delivery, to ensure that PwMS have timely access to person-centred pathways and treatments.
Investigating the retention and attrition of emergency care advanced clinical practitioners in the UK
Authors: Hemmings-Trigg Katie , Heaslip Vanessa , Stephens Melanie 
Published: April 2024

Background: Advanced clinical practitioners (ACPs) are an integral part of the healthcare workforce, and recognising growth in these roles is a priority for the future. ACPs within emergency care (EC) are often senior clinical decision-makers that work within the multidisciplinary team to provide high-quality care to a variety of patients, presentations and acuity. Reflection upon clinical practice over the last 7 years has revealed an issue with the retention of experienced ACPs. Losing ACPs in a service that is already stretched due to increasing attendance and subsequently longer waiting times places further burden on strained departments. While there is research that examines the retention and attrition of emergency medicine trainees and consultants, there is a dearth of literature on the retention of ACPs. Aims: The aim of this scoping review is to investigate what is already known about retention of ACPs in EC and examine why ACPs leave EC for other areas of practice. Methods: A database search was conducted using keywords, from 2–21 November 2022, across five databases (the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), the British Nursing Index (BNI), MEDLINE, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library). This search identified 892 studies that were examined using a two-stage process against inclusion and exclusion criteria, which resulted in seven articles being selected for inclusion in the review. Findings: Three themes were identified: the importance of a clear career pathway; a structured training programme and education; and concerns regarding working conditions in EC. Conclusion: The review identifies a gap in the literature on the reasons for attrition rates of ACPs in EC. Future research is required to identify the reasons why some ACPs leave EC and what aspects make others stay.