bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case of pulmonary melioidosis in Germany: a rare differential diagnosis in returning travelers from South-East Asia
Authors: Gottschalk Claudius , Stojković Marija , Zange Sabine , Wolf Peter , Klein Julian A. F. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Melioidosis is a bacterial infection associated with high mortality. The diagnostic approach to this rare disease in Europe is challenging, especially because pulmonary manifestation of melioidosis can mimic pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Antibiotic therapy of melioidosis consists of an initial intensive phase of 2–8 weeks followed by an eradication therapy of 3–6 months.

Case presentation
We present the case of a 46-year-old female patient with pulmonary melioidosis in Germany. The patient showed chronic cough, a pulmonary mass and a cavitary lesion, which led to the initial suspicion of pulmonary TB. Melioidosis was considered due to a long-term stay in Thailand with recurrent exposure to rice fields.

Results
Microbiologic results were negative for TB. Histopathology of an endobronchial tumor showed marked chronic granulation tissue and fibrinous inflammation. Melioidosis was diagnosed via polymerase chain reaction by detection of Burkholderia pseudomallei/mallei target from mediastinal lymph-node tissue.

Conclusion
This case report emphasizes that melioidosis is an important differential diagnosis in patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis and recent travel to South-East Asia.
Changes in Lower Limb Biomechanics Across Various Stages of Maturation and Implications for ACL Injury Risk in Female Athletes: a Systematic Review
Authors: Ramachandran Akhilesh Kumar , Pedley Jason S. , Moeskops Sylvia , Oliver Jon L. , Myer Gregory D. , Lloyd Rhodri S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Female athletes are four to six times more likely to sustain an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury than male athletes. Jump-landing biomechanics are influenced by maturation, with post-pubertal female athletes at a heightened risk of ACL injuries.

Objective
The aim of our systematic review was to identify and summarise the current evidence regarding the changes in kinematic and kinetic risk factors associated with ACL injuries during jump-landing tasks in female athletes at various stages of maturity.

Methods
A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, EMBASE and Scopus. Articles were included if they: (1) conducted the research on uninjured female athletes with no restriction on playing level/experience; (2) provided information regarding the stage of the maturity and the scale used for estimating the maturity status of the participants; and (3) reported a biomechanical risk factor associated with ACL injuries during jump-landing tasks across at least two different maturity groups (e.g. pre-pubertal vs post-pubertal).

Results
Sixteen articles involving 2323 female athletes were included in our review. A total of 12 kinematic and 8 kinetic variables were identified across these studies. Of the 12 kinematic variables reported in our review, we found strong evidence for higher peak knee abduction angle in post-pubertal female individuals compared with pre-pubertal girls (p < 0.05). With regard to the 8 kinetic variables, we found strong evidence for lower relative peak vertical ground reaction force, higher external knee abduction moment and internal rotation moment in post-pubertal compared with pre-pubertal athletes. The strength of evidence for the remaining kinematic and kinetic variables ranged from conflicting to moderate and, in some instances, could not be determined.

Conclusions
Our study provides an overview of the changes in biomechanical risk factors in female athletes during jump-landing tasks at various stages of maturity. We found moderate-to-limited evidence for most kinematic and kinetic variables, highlighting the need for further research.
A syntactic features and interactive learning model for aspect-based sentiment analysis
Authors: Zou Wang , Zhang Wubo , Tian Zhuofeng , Wu Wenhuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) consists of two subtasks: aspect term extraction (AE) and aspect term sentiment classification (ASC). Previous research on the AE task has not adequately leveraged syntactic information and has overlooked the issue of multi-word aspect terms in text. Current researchers tend to focus on one of the two subtasks, neglecting the connection between the AE and ASC tasks. Moreover, the problem of error propagation easily occurs between two independent subtasks when performing the complete ABSA task. To address these issues, we present a unified ABSA model based on syntactic features and interactive learning. The proposed model is called syntactic interactive learning based aspect term sentiment classification model (SIASC). To overcome the problem of extracting multi-word aspect terms, the model utilizes part-of-speech features, words features, and dependency features as textual information. Meanwhile, we designs a unified ABSA structure based on the end-to-end framework, reducing the impact of error propagation issues. Interaction learning in the model can establish a connection between the AE task and the ASC task. The information from interactive learning contributes to improving the model’s performance on the ASC task. We conducted an extensive array of experiments on the Laptop14, Restaurant14, and Twitter datasets. The experimental results show that the SIASC model achieved average accuracy of 84.11%, 86.65%, and 78.42% on the AE task, respectively. Acquiring average accuracy of 81.35%, 86.71% and 76.56% on the ASC task, respectively. The SIASC model demonstrates superior performance compared to the baseline model.
Stability of price and quantity to a long-run equilibrium: a dynamic Leontief model with bounded rationality
Authors: Wang Yangyuzi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe notorious ‘dual stability’ paradox is stated as follows: in a closed dynamic Leontief model, when the quantity system is relatively stable, its corresponding price system will be unstable, and vice versa. This paradox arises from the neoclassical assumptions of full utilization of capacity and perfect foresight, which have caused serious complications in the dynamic Leontief model. In this study, we aim to construct a dynamic input–output model within an evolutionary framework, departing from neoclassical assumptions. Two new assumptions are introduced: incomplete utilization of capital stocks and bounded rationality in decision-making. Our findings reveal that the ‘dual stability’ paradox of the quantity and price systems can be addressed by including these two assumptions, and some special conditions are proposed for the stability properties in both the systems. Furthermore, we prove that the distance between the time paths and equilibrium position converges to a constant, which is related to the initial position.
Kodieren und Auswerten von Kategorien in der Interaktionalen Linguistik
Authors: Proske Nadine 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Artikel thematisiert das Zusammenspiel von qualitativen, interpretativen Praktiken und quantifizierenden Methoden in der Interaktionalen Linguistik. Dieser Forschungsansatz arbeitet mit Daten aus gesprochenen Interaktionen, die in Korpora aufbereitet sind. Die Auswertung der Korpusdaten umfasst sowohl Schritte, die aus der Analyse von Schriftkorpora bekannt sind, als auch solche Schritte, die spezifisch für die Analyse mündlicher Daten sind. Ein zentraler Prozess, der sowohl bereits interpretativ ist als auch der eigentlichen Ergebnisinterpretation vorausgeht, ist die Kodierung der Korpusbelege. Kodiert werden in der Interaktionalen Linguistik sowohl klassische sprachwissenschaftliche, z. B. syntaktische Kategorien als auch für Ansätze zur gesprochenen Interaktion spezifische Kategorien, z. B. im Bereich der Prosodie und der verbalen Handlungen. Der Artikel stellt zunächst vorhandene Korpora, typische Fragestellungen und methodische Vorgehensweisen der Interaktionalen Linguistik vor. Anschließend wird anhand zweier Beispiele aus eigenen interaktionslinguistischen Untersuchungen zur verbalen Pseudo-Koordination im Deutschen (Sie können sich nicht hinstellen und sagen: »Das geht nicht.«) gezeigt, welche interpretativen Herausforderungen Kodierkategorien und Quantifizierungen im Bereich der Prosodie und Pragmatik bergen. Abschließend wird reflektiert, inwiefern der Begriff der Hermeneutik für die diskutierten interpretativen Prozesse passend ist.
Generation mechanism of Region 1 field-aligned current and energy transfer from solar wind to polar ionosphere
Authors: Ebihara Yusuke , Tanaka Takashi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractField-aligned current (FAC) is of importance in energy transfer from space to the Earth. The Region 1 current, which flows in the polar region, is the most significant one, but the generation region and mechanism are long-lasting questions. By using the global magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulation, we traced packets of the Alfvén waves traveling parallel to the magnetic field in the rest frame of moving plasma. The low-latitude magnetospheric boundary layer is found to be the major generation region, where the plasma pulls newly reconnected magnetic field lines. The generation region is far from the original magnetic field lines extending from the Region 1 FAC in the ionosphere because of low Alfvén velocity in the outer magnetosphere and beyond. The Region 1 FACs are surrounded by the integral curves of the Poynting vector (called S-curve). The S-curve shows a helix with its center moving toward the Earth. The Region 1 FACs, circular motion of plasma (probably related to the magnetospheric convection), and transfer of magnetic energy to the Earth are closely related with each other. The new method can be widely applied to search for the generation region of FACs and useful for better understanding of the dynamics of the magnetosphere.
Early Maladaptive Schemas in Sex Offenders and Non-Sexual Violent Offenders: A Systematic Review
Authors: Turhan Huseyin Mert , Shoaib Khalisah , Tully John , Nixon Elena 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSex offenders and non-sexual violent offenders display distinct cognitive distortions that shape their offenses. Some evidence suggests that early maladaptive schemas which reflect individuals’ fundamental cognitions and beliefs, contribute to these cognitive distortions. However, these have not been systematically appraised. We conducted a systematic review to synthesize the evidence regarding the schema profiles of sex offenders and non-sexual violent offenders, and to explore differences in schemas between these offender types. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Within the sex offender category, rapists and child sex offenders endorsed similar schemas. For non-sexual violent offenders, schemas related to self-control issues and self-entitlement were most prominent. Sex offenders demonstrated more schemas that endorsed negative perceptions of themselves and others than violent offenders. Findings also suggest that atypical sexual interests and mental disorders may be important. This evidence highlights the need for a more fine-tuned understanding of the cognitive profiles of sexual and non-sexual violent offenders and for developing schema-based offender management and rehabilitation services.
Adaptive composite bandwidth and automatic gain control receiver for 6G wireless optical communication
Authors: Das Bhagwan , Agbinya Johnson Ihyeh , Abdullah Mohammad Faiz Liew , Mahdi Osama A. , Ali Nawfal , Ghaffar Abdul , Gyasi-Agyei Amoakoh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe advent of 6G communication promises a transformative leap in wireless connectivity, ushering in an era of unprecedented data rates, ultra-low latency, and pervasive connectivity. To harness the full potential of 6G networks, it is imperative to address the unique challenges posed by evolving communication environments. In this context, we present a novel framework that integrates Adaptive Composite Bandwidth and Automatic Gain Control techniques into the 6G communication paradigm. Optical wireless receivers experience large input current difference due to the large transmitted power, noise from ambient light and the varying efficiencies of different photodiode receivers. With its large dynamic range of μA to mA, transimpedance amplifiers are suitable to handle photodiode efficiency with a large dynamic range. The receiver design proposed in this article incorporates two characteristic parameter adjustments, namely, bandwidth and automatic gain. By adjusting the bandwidth the signal-to-noise ratio of the incoming signal is automatically controlled. By controlling the bandwidth, the unwanted noise is reduced and amplifier output is liable to low noise and enhances the dynamic range without extra filtering. The automatic gain control adapts its gain based on slight change in the input signal at the receiver front-end. This optimization technique ensures low photo-detection and amplification noise to achieve better quality of service. The results indicate that the bootstrap transimpedance amplifier gain is around 53.3 dB and frequency cut-off at 109.7 MHz. Thus, when gain control capacitance is varied between 50 pF to 1 nF, the bandwidth adjustment falls in the range 7.5–104.1 MHz, and the amplifier’s second stage gain becomes 10.4 dB. The overall gain of the proposed configuration with automatic gain control integrated into the transimpedance amplifier increases up to 31.1 dB, while the bandwidth increases from 9.4 to 60.7 MHz. Consequently, the gain bandwidth product is optimized from 10.4 to 31.1 dB. The main contribution of this work is optimizing the product by selecting a capacitance value within the given range that maximizes the gain-bandwidth product. This optimization paradigm is predicated on identifying a capacitance value that minimizes the gain-bandwidth product, thereby effectuating effective noise mitigation. This proposed framework embodies a significant contribution to the domain of 6G communications, heralding a new epoch in the optimization of wireless connectivity through the strategic integration of adaptive bandwidth and automatic gain control mechanism.
Development of a Ferrofluid-Based Attitude Control Actuator for Verification on the ISS
Authors: Zajonz Sebastian , Korn Christian , Großmann Steffen , Dietrich Janoah , Kob Maximilian , Philipp Daniel , Turco Fabrizio , Steinert Michael , O’Donohue Michael , Heinz Nicolas , Gutierrez Elizabeth , Wagner Alexander , Bölke Daniel , Sütterlin Saskia , Schneider Maximilian , Remane Yolantha , Kreul Phil , Wank Bianca , Buchfink Manuel , Acker Denis , Hofmann Sonja , Karahan Bahar , Ruffner Silas , Ehresmann Manfred , Schäfer Felix , Herdrich Georg 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFerrofluid-based systems provide an opportunity for increasing the durability and reliability of systems, where mechanical parts are prone to wear and tear. Conventional reaction control systems are based on mechanically mounted rotating disks. Due to inherent friction, they suffer from degradation, which may eventually lead to failure. This problem is further intensified due to the limited possibility for repair and maintenance. Ferrofluid-based systems aim to replace mechanical components by exploiting ferrofluidic suspended motion. Ferrofluids consist of magnetic nanoparticles suspended in a carrier fluid and can be manipulated by external magnetic fields. This paper describes the working principle, design, and integration of a working prototype of a ferrofluid-based attitude control system (ACS), called Ferrowheel. It is based on a stator of a brushless DC motor in combination with a rotor on a ferrofluidic bearing. The prototype will be verified in a microgravity environment on the International Space Station, as part of the Überflieger 2 student competition of the German Aerospace Center. First ground tests deliver positive results and confirm the practicability of such a system.
Biochar as a highly efficient adsorption carrier for sewage sludge-derived nutrients and biostimulants: component fixation and mechanism
Authors: Hao Jiahou , Zhang Xi , Zong Shaojie , Zhuo Yang , Zhang Yue , Wang Shuo , Deng Yun , Zhang Xiaokai , Li Ji 
Published: April 2024

AbstractProduction of liquid fertilizers containing nitrogenous nutrients and biostimulants from sewage sludge (SS-NB) has been attracting increasing attention due to its excellent fertilization effect and resource recycling attributes. To better understand the functional effects of nutrients and biostimulants in SS-NB on soil, the adsorption capacity and mechanism of straw biochar (SB) and wood chip biochar (WCB) for alkaline and neutral SS-NB components were investigated. The adsorption of total organic carbon (TOC) from alkaline and neutral SS-NB by WCB was 61.14% and 89.73%, respectively, higher than that by SB, which was 56.25% and 83.36%. Moreover, TOC from neutral SS-NB was more readily adsorbed, especially for fulvic and humic acids. SB had a strong adsorption capacity for calcium ions and nitrogen (TKN, nitrate N, protein, amino acid) and released large amounts of P. In addition, WCB and SB showed a strong affinity for macromolecules (proteins) and reducing substances (lignin and lipids) and excellent fixation ability for phytohormones and allelochemicals. However, WCB adsorbed more types of molecular substances than SB while maintaining a high immobilization rate. Analysis of the adsorption mechanism showed that surface amino groups of the biochar were involved in adsorption, while WCB had additionally high adsorption efficiencies through pore adsorption, hydrogen bonding adsorption and pore size-exclusion effects. The study revealed that biochar can be used as an efficient adsorption carrier for SS-NB to improve soil fertility management.
Graphical Abstract
Birkhoff–James classification of norm’s properties
Authors: Guterman Alexander , Kuzma Bojan , Singla Sushil , Zhilina Svetlana 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFor an arbitrary normed space $$\mathcal {X}$$
X
over a field $$\mathbb {F}\in \{ \mathbb {R}, \mathbb {C}\},$$

F
∈
{
R
,
C
}
,

we define the directed graph $$\Gamma (\mathcal {X})$$

Γ
(
X
)

induced by Birkhoff–James orthogonality on the projective space $$\mathbb P(\mathcal {X}),$$

P
(
X
)
,

and also its nonprojective counterpart $$\Gamma _0(\mathcal {X}).$$

Γ
0

(
X
)

.

We show that, in finite-dimensional normed spaces, $$\Gamma (\mathcal {X})$$

Γ
(
X
)

carries all the information about the dimension, smooth points, and norm’s maximal faces. It also allows to determine whether the norm is a supremum norm or not, and thus classifies finite-dimensional abelian $$C^*$$

C
∗

-algebras among other normed spaces. We further establish the necessary and sufficient conditions under which the graph $$\Gamma _0({\mathcal {R}})$$

Γ
0

(
R
)

of a (real or complex) Radon plane $${\mathcal {R}}$$
R
is isomorphic to the graph $$\Gamma _0(\mathbb {F}^2, {\Vert \cdot \Vert }_2)$$

Γ
0

(

F

2

,

‖
·
‖

2

)

of the two-dimensional Hilbert space and construct examples of such nonsmooth Radon planes.
Career Paths of Doctoral Recipients in Engineering and Computer Science: Trends by Sex, Race, Citizenship, and Discipline with an Emphasis on Biomedical Engineering
Authors: Denton Maya , Knight David B. , Deters Jessica R. , Grote Dustin M. , Borrego Maura 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe summarize national-scale data for Ph.D. earners in engineering or computer science from 2015 to 2019 whose post-graduate school employment is known, highlighting outcomes for biological/biomedical/biosystems engineering students. We use NSF’s Survey of Earned Doctorates (SED), which has collected information from Ph.D. recipients in the USA since 1957. The data are collected at the time of degree completion and constitute a greater than 90% response rate. Compared to all engineering and computer science disciplines, biological/biomedical/biosystems engineering has a higher proportion going to 4yr/med/research institutions (52% vs. 33%) and non-profit (3.6% vs. 2.9%) and lower proportion going to industry (33% vs. 48%), government (4.3% vs. 8.4%), and is similar for non-US positions (6.1% vs. 5.7%). Compared to 2010–2014 biological/biomedical/biosystems engineering Ph.D. recipients, more 2015–2019 recipients are going to industry (25% to 33%) and fewer to 4yr/med/research institutions (59% to 52%) and governmet (5.3% to 4.3%). Across all engineering and computer science disciplines, a smaller proportion of females entered industry (43%) compared to males (49%), while a larger proportion of females entered 4yr/med/research institutions (37%) compared to males (32%). Over half of Asian doctoral recipients entered industry, as compared to 38% of Hispanic doctoral recipients. In contrast, a higher proportion of Hispanic individuals (37%) entered 4yr/med/research institutions after their doctoral programs, as compared to 31% of Asian doctoral recipients. Black doctoral recipients had the highest proportion enter positions in government (14%) and non-profit (4%) sectors. Our results are situated in the broader literature focused on postdoctoral career, training, and employment sectors and trends in STEM. We discuss implications for graduate programs, policymakers, and researchers.
Exploring STEAM teachers’ trust in AI-based educational technologies: a structural equation modelling approach
Authors: Ayanwale Musa Adekunle , Adelana Owolabi Paul , Odufuwa Tolulope Timothy 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the rapidly evolving landscape of education, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative tool with the potential to revolutionize teaching and learning processes. However, the successful integration of AI in education depends on the trust and acceptance of teachers. This study addresses a significant gap in research by investigating the trust dynamics of 677 in-service Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics (STEAM) teachers in Nigeria towards AI-based educational technologies. Employing structural equation modelling for data analysis, our findings reveal that anxiety, preferred methods to increase trust, and perceived benefits significantly influence teachers' trust in AI-based edtech. Notably, the lack of human characteristics in AI does not impact trust among STEAM teachers. Additionally, our study reports a significant gender moderation effect on STEAM teachers' trust in AI. These insights are valuable for educational policymakers and stakeholders aiming to create an inclusive, AI-enriched instructional environment. The results underscore the importance of continuous professional development programs for STEAM teachers, emphasizing hands-on experiences to build and sustain confidence in integrating AI tools effectively, thus fostering trust in the transformative potentials of AI in STEAM education.