bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adolescents and youth in developing countries: Health and development issues in context
Authors: Fatusi Adesegun O. , Hindin Michelle J. 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTAdolescence is a period of transition, marked by physical, psychological, and cognitive changes underpin by biological factors. Today's generation of young people – the largest in history – is approaching adulthood in a world vastly different from previous generations; AIDS, globalisation, urbanisation, electronic communication, migration, and economic challenges have radically transformed the landscape. Transition to productive and healthy adults is further shaped by societal context, including gender and socialisation process. With the evidence that young people are not as healthy as they seem, addressing the health and development issues of young people, more than ever before, need concerted and holistic approach. Such approach must take the entire lifecycle of the young person as well as the social environment into context. This is particularly critical in developing countries, where three major factors converge – comparatively higher proportion of young people in the population, disproportionately high burden of youth‐related health problems, and greater resources challenge.
Brief report: Do delinquency and community violence exposure explain internalizing problems in early adolescent gang members?
Authors: Madan Anjana , Mrug Sylvie , Windle Michael 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTAdolescent gang members are at higher risk for internalizing problems as well as exposure to community violence and delinquency. This study examined whether gang membership in early adolescence is associated with internalizing problems (depression, anxiety, and suicidal behavior) and whether these associations are mediated by delinquency and witnessing community violence. In a sample of 589 ethnically diverse early adolescents, gang membership was related to suicidal behavior but not depression or anxiety. Both delinquency and witnessing community violence mediated this association. Professionals working with gang members should assess these youth for suicidal behavior and provide interventions as needed.
The Management of Voiding Dysfunction following Mid Urethral Tape Insertion
Authors: Dasgupta Jaydip , Goddard Jonathan C. , Mayne Christopher J. , Tincello Douglas G. 
Published: July 2010

Objective: No standard regimen has been established for the management of postoperative voiding dysfunction following TVT insertion. This study was designed to compare two different strategies for management of this problem. Methods: This is a retrospective study of women operated on within a tertiary referral unit. Two cohorts were identified: those managed by clean intermittent self catheterization (CISC) during 2006, and those managed by ‘pull-down’ of tape in the immediate post-operative period during 2007. Specific measurements include number of patients with resumption of normal voiding and time taken for resolution of symptoms. Incidence of tape division, recurrence of stress incontinence and development of overactive bladder (OAB) were also measured. Results: The incidence of voiding difficulty following TVT insertion remained the same in 2006 and in 2007. 45.5% of the CISC group resumed normal voiding compared to 100% of the ‘pull-down’ group. The incidence of tape division and reappearance of stress incontinence was 54.5% and 27% respectively in the CISC group compared to none in the ‘pull-down’ group. The CISC group also had higher incidence of OAB. Conclusions: Immediate “pull-down” of tape is an effective way of managing voiding dysfunction following TVT with an excellent rate of symptom resolution without any need of further intervention.
Parallel Incisions Procedure for Penile Curvature—Short Term Outcomes
Authors: Chang R.T.M. , Sahai A. , Dickinson I.K. 
Published: July 2010

Objective: A modified corporotomy technique has been developed in order to overcome the problems of previous techniques such as tissue removal, urethral mobilisation, palpable knots, ‘dog ears’ and leakage on testing after repair. Our objective is to describe the technique and review the outcomes in the short term. Methods: The procedure involves two transverse parallel incisions at the bite points of Allis forceps used to correct curvature. The intervening tunica is buried, sealing the incision and preventing leakage. The incision is closed with 2–0 Polydioxanone sutures and a single 2–0 Polyglycolic to maintain knot burial. Data were collected retrospectively on all patients undergoing this technique from our department. Results: Thirty-two patients underwent daycase surgery. Mean duration of disease was 12.5 months. At three months the cosmetic result was excellent (straight) or good (<20° bend) in 97%. Patient satisfaction was high with 87% being happy with the outcome and 88% able to have pain free intercourse. Complications of note included glans numbness in 1 patient and chronic granuloma related to suture placement requiring excision in 1 patient. Conclusions: The modified parallel incisions procedure is easy to perform and is efficacious in the short term with good cosmetic results and high patient satisfaction. Longer term follow-up is planned in a prospective fashion.
Effect of isosorbide mononitrate for cervical ripening before surgical termination of pregnancy in the first trimester
Authors: Phusaanantakul Poonam , Promsonthi Patama , Chanrachakul Boonsri 
Published: July 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of isosorbide mononitrate (IMN) for cervical ripening prior to first trimester surgical termination of pregnancy.MethodsA prospective, double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial. Women scheduled for surgical termination of a nonviable fetus before 12 weeks of gestation from October 2008 to June 2009 were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either 20 mg vaginally of IMN (n = 24) or a placebo (n = 24) 4 hours before suction evacuation. Cervical dilation before evacuation was assessed with 10‐mm Hegar dilators followed by smaller sizes that were measured until the instrument passed freely through the internal os. Cervical dilation, adverse effects, termination complications, and patient satisfaction were the main outcomes.ResultsMean cervical dilation was not significantly different between the IMN and placebo groups (6.29 ± 0.99 mm vs 5.71 ± 1.04 mm; P = 0.05). Mean operative time did not differ between the groups (16 ± 0.07 min vs 18 ± 0.06 min; P = 0.55), nor did patient satisfaction measured by visual analogue scale (7.04 ± 1.68 vs 6.54 ± 1.22; P = 0.24).ConclusionIMN was comparable to placebo in terms of efficacy and patient satisfaction for cervical priming prior to first‐trimester termination of pregnancy.
Knowing your users: the value of article database usage analysis
Authors: WAN Gang (Gary) , LIU Zao 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTThis study analyzes the usage data of a major engineering article database, IEEE Xplore, from 2005 to 2008, at Texas A&M University. Usage data collected from the IEEE Xplore statistics website demonstrated some interesting patterns of user behavior. Usage of the database increased steadily from 2005 to 2007, but dropped in 2008 due to the launch of the library's new website; off‐campus usage was high in the first two years, but plunged in 2007 and 2008. Users from the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and, to a lesser degree, from the Computer Science Department, were identified as major users of the database by IP statistics. The most heavily used journals and articles indicated that solid‐state circuits, microwave, information theory, and power systems were probably among core research areas in electrical and computer engineering for the university. The impact of conference articles in this database increased continuously throughout these years.
Article 50 million: an estimate of the number of scholarly articles in existence
Authors: JINHA Arif E. 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTHow many scholarly research articles are there in existence? Journal articles first appeared in 1665, and the cumulative total is estimated here to have passed 50 million in 2009. This sum was arrived at based on published figures for global annual output for 2006, and analyses of annual output and growth rates published in the last decade.
Book Reviews
Authors: MARKWOOD Priscilla S. 
Published: July 2010

The Long Tail: Why the Future of Business is Selling Less of More Chris Anderson Hyperion, 2006, 236 pp. ISBN 104013‐0237‐8, $24.95Free: The Future of a Radical Price Chris Anderson Hyperion, 2009, ISBN 978‐1‐4013‐2290‐8, $26.95
Effect of temperature and role of Mo top layer on the growth of carbon nanotubes
Authors: Nguyen T A , Nguyen P T H , Dinh D H , Dang M C , Song W , Jung D , Kim S K , Park C 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesized by a thermal chemical vapor deposition method using a three-layer Al/Fe/Mo metal catalyst. All metal layers were deposited by dc sputtering. With a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Raman spectra, we investigated the effect of temperature and the role of the Mo top layer on the structure and quality of grown CNTs. The results showed that the growth temperature was an important parameter for the synthesis of CNTs. With an Al/Fe/Mo triple layer catalyst, the role of the Mo top layer was as the barrier layer to control the diameter, density and the peak intensity ratio of the G-peak to D-peak (I

G
/I

D
) of the CNTs. These results indicate that the thickness of the Mo top layer increased, which leads to decrease of the density of the CNTs. In the case of Mo 5 nm, the radial breathing mode (RBM) of the CNTs was observed in Raman spectra at 250 cm
−1 and corresponds to the single-wall carbon nanotube with 0.95 nm diameter.
The synthesis of poly(lactide)-vitamin E TPGS (PLA-TPGS) copolymer and its utilization to formulate a curcumin nanocarrier
Authors: Thu Ha Phuong , Nguyet Tran Thi Minh , Pham Hong Duong , Nguyen Quang Huan , Nguyen Xuan Phuc 
Published: July 2010

AbstractCurcumin is a natural substance that exhibits the ability to inhibitand/ortreat carcinogenesis in a variety of cell lines, but because of its poor solubility in water the treatment efficacy is limited. In this paper we report on the fabrication of self-assembled micelle nanoparticles loaded with a curcumin drug by use of a biocompatible copolymer of PLA-TPGS (d-a-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate—vitamin E TPGS) conjugate. The polylactide (PLA)-TPGS copolymer synthesized by ring-opening polymerization was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and1Hnuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR) techniques. The surface morphology of PLA-TPGS and curcumin loaded PLA-TPGS was determined by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The absorption and fluorescence examinations indicated that due to micellar capsulation the intensity of both types of spectra increased by about 4 times in comparison with those of the free curcumin sample.
Transformation of the structural surface morphology and electronic structure of CdS nanostructured films prepared in glycerol-containing solution, under ultrasonic irradiation
Authors: Tran Trung , Tung Ngo Duc , Huong Vu Thi , Dong Nguyen Thi , Ha Chang-Sik 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Chemical bath deposition was improved by using glycerol, a very conventional surfactant, to control cadmium sulfide CdS in various sizes and structures, under ultrasonic irradiation conditions. Consequently, an effective route to prepare CdS thin film that consists of either CdS fibrils with an average diameter of 52 nm or monodispersed CdS grains 35 to 80 nm in size is proposed. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies revealed that, in the crystallographic properties of the obtained CdS films, CdS may exist in two crystalline modifications—a hexagonal and a cubic phase—that are characterized by several diffraction peaks positioned at 2θ≈23.4°, 27.1° and 47.8°. Beside this, UV-Vis studies also revealed the positive effect of glycerol at grain boundaries, leading to detrimental reduction of the band bending towards the absorber surface and increasing the population of optical absorptions.
Rapid match-searching for gene silencing assessment
Authors: Horn Mark E.T. , Waterhouse Peter M. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Motivation: Gene silencing, also called RNA interference, requires reliable assessment of silencer impacts. A critical task is to find matches between silencer oligomers and sites in the genome, in accordance with one-to-many matching rules (G–U matching, with provision for mismatches). Fast search algorithms are required to support silencer impact assessments in procedures for designing effective silencer sequences.
Results: The article presents a matching algorithm and data structures specialized for matching searches, including a kernel procedure that addresses a Boolean version of the database task called the skyline search. Besides exact matches, the algorithm is extended to allow for the location-specific mismatches applicable in plants. Computational tests show that the algorithm is significantly faster than suffix-tree alternatives.
Availability: Source code, executable, data and test results are freely available at ftp://ftp.csiro.au/Horn/RapidMatch
Contact: mark.horn@csiro.au
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Corrosion degradation of pipeline carbon steels subjected to geothermal plant conditions
Authors: Miranda‐Herrera C. , Sauceda I. , González‐Sánchez J. , Acuña N. 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the electrochemical behaviour of two carbon steels exposed to acidic geothermal solutions and their resistance to hydrogen induced cracking (HIC), in order to determine the effect of hydrogen damage on the failure process of the steels used for line pipe and casings at a geothermal plant.Design/methodology/approachSamples of two different steels: ASTM A‐53 Grade B (line pipe) and API L‐80 (casing) were immersed for a duration of 96 h in the electrolyte proposed by NACE to evaluate susceptibility to HIC. Samples of the two steels embedded in non‐conducting Bakelite were subjected to potentiodynamic polarisation scans at room temperature using as the electrolyte brines obtained from different wells at the Cerro Prieto geothermal plant. Hardness tests were performed on the samples before and after the HIC tests in order to determine hardness changes induced by hydrogen penetration as field results indicated embrittlement of the steels after four months of service.FindingsThe steels, ASTM A‐53 Grade B and API L‐80 did not exhibit crack sensitivity as no cracks are observed in the tests specimens, though they showed an increase in hardness. The steels exhibited high‐corrosion rates in the brine media at room temperature (3.3 mm/yr), which is expected to increase at higher temperatures.Originality/valueThe work revealed that carbon steels used for line pipes and casings at geothermal plants can exhibit high resistance to HIC, however they corrode at high rates and may show embrittlement. It is suggested that due to the high‐operation temperature, the damage induced by hydrogen resulted in hardness increase but was not sufficient to develop cracks.
Effect of Cu content on the corrosion of Al‐Si eutectic alloys in acidic solutions
Authors: Zor Sibel , Zeren Muzaffer , Ozkazanc Hatice , Karakulak Erdem 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand corrosion behavior of different Cu‐containing Al‐Si‐x% Cu alloys (x: 1 wt% Cu, 2 wt% Cu, 3 wt% Cu, 4 wt% Cu, and 5 wt% Cu) in 0.1 M HCl and 0.1 M H2SO4.Design/methodology/approachPotentiodynamic, chronoamperometric and impedance measurements were applied to specimens to obtain their electrochemical characteristics. For the long‐term analyses, hydrogen evolution with immersion time (V‐t) was measured. The corroded surfaces of the alloys were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to understand the corrosion mechanism.FindingsAll experimental investigations showed that the corrosion resistance of alloys increased with increasing Cu content in the alloys.Research limitations/implicationsCu‐containing aluminum alloys are age‐hardenable alloys. The corrosion behaviour of these alloys can be changed by heat treatment. Corrosion test results for the heat treated and aged alloys will be discussed in another study.Originality/valueAl‐Si‐Cu alloys are widely used in the automobile industry and the corrosion behaviour of these alloys has a great importance on the service life of these materials. Understanding the effect of copper and the corrosion mechanism of these alloys will be helpful in predicting and prolonging the service life of these materials.
The nutritional and toxicological value of organic vegetables
Authors: Hoefkens Christine , Verbeke Wim , Aertsens Joris , Mondelaers Koen , Van Camp John 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe present study aims to explore and compare consumer perception and scientific evidence related to food quality and food safety aspects of organic versus conventional vegetables.Design/methodology/approachPrimary data on consumer perception were gathered in 2006‐2007 through a consumer survey with Flemish adults (n=529) and compared with scientific evidence from literature. Consumers of organic and conventional vegetables were selected by means of a convenience sampling procedure. Subjects were asked to complete a self‐administered questionnaire concerning the perception of the nutritional and toxicological value of organic relative to conventional vegetables. Data processing and analysis included descriptive analysis (frequency distributions), data reduction (Cronbach's alpha test, factor analysis), bivariate analysis (correlations, t‐test, ANOVA) and multivariate analysis (stepwise multiple regression).FindingsIt was found that organic vegetables are perceived as containing less contaminants and more nutrients, and as such, being healthier and safer compared to conventional vegetables. However, not enough evidence is currently available in the literature to support or refute such a perception, indicating a certain mismatch between consumer perception and scientific evidence. The gap between perception and evidence is larger among older consumers with children. The perception is stronger when the consumption frequency is higher, but is independent of gender, place of residence (rural or urban), education and income level. Also non‐users, on average, perceive that organic vegetables have a nutritional and toxicological advantage over conventional vegetables.Research limitations/implicationsA non‐probability convenience sampling method was applied which limits generalisation of the findings beyond the sample characteristics.Originality/valueThis paper is original in comparing consumer perception and scientific facts related to both nutritional and safety aspects of organic versus conventional vegetables.
A review of biological deterioration of library materials and possible control strategies in the tropics
Authors: Bankole Olubanke M. 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review the current state of research on the various biological agents that could cause deterioration of paper materials and possible intervention strategies against these biotic agents in the tropics.Design/methodology/approachRecent literature in the tropics is reviewed to gain insight into the problems that confront libraries in the tropics as regards the biological deterioration of library materials.FindingsThe paper identifies moulds as the most important biodeteriorating agents of library materials. In addition to destroying, disfiguring and staining books, the moulds have been linked to numerous adverse human health effects that fall into three categories: allergic, toxic and infectious. The other biological agents include bacteria, insects and rodents. The important insects in tropical environment are cockroaches and termites. The warm humid tropical conditions and dirty environment trigger/promote biodeterioration processes and make book deterioration to be more pronounced in the tropics than in the temperate regions.Research limitations/implicationsPhysical visits to the libraries were not carried out and the conclusions reached were based on evidence from scientific literature on the subject in the tropics.Practical implicationsA very useful source of information on how to curb the menace of biological agents against the destruction of library materials in the tropics. These include training programmes for library staff on conservation and preservation of library collections, the creation of awareness on the issue among library users, the adoption of good house keeping practices and modification of storage environment to make them unsuitable for the biodeteriogens. It is recommended that libraries and archives in tropical countries should have preservation guidelines and integrated pest management teams and should also cooperate with scientists in relevant disciplines to be able to find lasting solutions to the problem of biodeterioration of library materials.Originality/valueThis paper looks into the neglected area of biological deterioration of papers which is the main information carrier in libraries. It provides very useful and practical suggestions that libraries in the tropics could adopt to tackle the menace of biological agents.
The impact of different types of market orientation on product innovation performance
Authors: Zhang Jing , Duan Yanling 
Published: July 2010

PurposeThis study aims to examine the role of responsive market orientation and proactive market orientation in product innovation performance directly and indirectly via innovativeness, as well as the moderating effect of environmental turbulence in the market orientation‐product innovation performance link among Chinese manufacturing firms.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire survey was conducted among 227 manufacturing firms in mainland China. A total of 11 hypotheses related to responsive and proactive market orientation, innovativeness and new product success as well as moderating environmental variables are examined by structural equation modeling and hierarchical regression techniques.FindingsThe research results show that: both proactive market orientation and responsive market orientation have a positive total effect in improving product innovation performance; the direct path dominates the total effect of responsive MO on new product success, while proactive MO impacts product innovation performance primarily via innovativeness as a mediating variable; and the role of responsive market orientation in new product success is more significant under stable technological and market conditions, while proactive market orientation improves product innovation performance to a greater extent under turbulent technological and market conditions.Originality/valueThe research examines the relationship among responsive and proactive MO, innovativeness and new product success as well as potential environmental moderators, thus contributing to market orientation literature theoretically. In addition, relevant implications are provided for management as to how to improve product innovation performance.