bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor Gefitinib Prevents the Progression of Pancreatic Lesions to Carcinoma in a Conditional LSL-KrasG12D/+ Transgenic Mouse Model
Authors: Mohammed Altaf , Janakiram Naveena B. , Li Qian , Madka Venkateshwar , Ely Misty , Lightfoot Stan , Crawford Howard , Steele Vernon E. , Rao Chinthalapally V. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common pancreatic malignancy with a dismal prognosis. Developing novel strategies to prevent or delay pancreatic cancer is currently of intense interest. The chemopreventive efficacy of gefitinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, was evaluated against the progression of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasms (PanIN) to PDAC in conditional LSL-KrasG12D/+ transgenic mice. LSL-KrasG12D/+ and p48Cre/+ mice were bred, and offspring of activated KrasG12D/+ were generated. Six-week-old male KrasG12D/+ (20 per group) and C57BL/6 wild-type (12 per group) mice were fed (AIN-76A) diets containing 0, 100, and 200 ppm of gefitinib for 35 weeks. At termination, pancreases were evaluated histopathologically for PanINs and PDAC, and various biomarkers were measured by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, immunoblotting, and/or reverse transcription-PCR. Dietary gefitinib at 100 and 200 ppm significantly suppressed PDAC incidence by 77% and 100%, respectively (P &lt; 0.0001) when compared with control diet. Importantly, a significant inhibition of carcinoma and a dose-dependent suppression of PanINs [PanIN-1, 37-62% (P &lt; 0.002); PanIN-2, 38-41 (P &lt; 0.001); and PanIN-3, 7-34% (P &lt; 0.0141)] were observed in mice treated with gefitinib. Furthermore, mice treated with 100 and 200 ppm of gefitinib exhibited 67.6% to 77.3% of the pancreas to be free from ductal lesions. Also, gefitinib reduced EGFR, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, cyclin D1, C2GNT, RhoA, β-catenin, p38, phospho-extracellular signal–regulated kinase, caveolin-1, and mucin and increased cyclin B1 in the pancreatic lesions/PDAC. In summary, these results show that gefitinib can prevent the progression of pancreatic cancer precursor lesions to PDAC in a preclinical model. The present study highlights the promise of chemoprevention and the potential usefulness of EGFR inhibitors in individuals at high risk for pancreatic cancer. Cancer Prev Res; 3(11); 1417–26. ©2010 AACR.
Neonatal Experiences Differentially Influence Mammary Gland Morphology, Estrogen Receptor α Protein Levels, and Carcinogenesis in BALB/c Mice
Authors: Boyd Allison L. , Salleh Ayesha , Humber Brent , Yee Janet , Tomes Ladislav , Kerr Leslie R. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Prevention of breast cancer can be achieved with a better understanding of the factors contributing to normal breast development. Because the breast develops postnatally, alterations in the development and lifetime activity of the neuroendocrine system may set up an environment that increases cancer risk. The present study examined how two neonatal experiences over the first 3 weeks of life influence normal and malignant mammary gland development in female BALB/c mice. Following puberty, both brief (15 minutes) and prolonged (4 hours) daily maternal separations of newborn mice accelerated mammary gland development relative to nonseparated mice. Despite similar mammary gland morphologies between mice exposed to these two neonatal separation experiences, only mice exposed to prolonged maternal separation bouts showed a higher incidence and faster onset of mammary tumorigenesis following adulthood carcinogen [7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene] administration. Molecular analysis of estrogen receptor α (ERα) and p53, two proteins that have been implicated in breast cancer, revealed that for mice exposed to prolonged neonatal maternal separation bouts, mammary gland ERα protein levels were upregulated in a transcription-independent manner. On the other hand, p53 expression in mammary glands of adult mice was not differentially influenced by neonatal experiences. Our findings show that chronic, moderate psychosocial stress during the neonatal period increases the expression of ERα protein and promotes mammary tumorigenesis in adulthood. Cancer Prev Res; 3(11); 1398–408. ©2010 AACR.
Osmophobia in migraine classification: A multicentre study in juvenile patients
Authors: De Carlo D , Dal Zotto L , Perissinotto E , Gallo L , Gatta M , Balottin U , Mazzotta G , Moscato D , Raieli V , Rossi LN , Sangermani R , Soriani S , Termine C , Tozzi E , Vecchio A , Zanchin G , Battistella PA 
Published: November 2010

Aims: This study was planned to investigate the diagnostic utility of osmophobia as criterion for migraine without aura (MO) as proposed in the Appendix (A1.1) of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-II, 2004). Methods: We analysed 1020 patients presenting at 10 Italian juvenile headache centres, 622 affected by migraine (M) and 328 by tension-type headache (TTH); 70 were affected by headache not elsewhere classified (NEC) in ICHD-II. By using a semi-structured questionnaire, the prevalence of osmophobia was 26.9%, significantly higher in M than TTH patients (34.6% vs 14.3%). Results: Osmophobia was correlated with: (i) family history of M and osmophobia; and (ii) other accompanying symptoms of M. By applying these ‘new’ criteria, we found an agreement with the current criteria for the diagnosis of migraine without aura (MO) in 96.2% of cases; 54.3% of previously unclassifiable patients received a ‘new’ diagnosis. Conclusions: In conclusion, this study demonstrates that this new approach, proposed in the Appendix (A1.1), appears easy to apply and should improve the diagnostic standard of ICHD-II in young patients too.
Butyrate suppresses expression of neuropilin I in colorectal cell lines through inhibition of Sp1 transactivation
Authors: Yu Danny CW , Waby Jennifer S , Chirakkal Haridasan , Staton Carolyn A , Corfe Bernard M 
Published: November 2010

Abstract

Background
Neuropilin is a transmembrane receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and is expressed in normal endothelial cells and upregulated in cancer cells. Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) has been shown to promote tumour cell migration and survival in colon cancer in response to VEGF binding. The expression profiles of neuropilins, associated co-receptors and known ligands have been mapped in three colorectal cell lines: Caco-2, HCT116 & HT29. We have previously shown that butyrate, a naturally occurring histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) produced by fermentation of fibre in the colon, causes apoptosis of colon cancer cell lines.

Results
Here we demonstrate that butyrate down-regulates NRP-1 and VEGF at the mRNA and protein level in colorectal cancer cell lines. NRP-1 is a known transcriptional target of Sp1, whose activity is regulated by acetylation. NRP-1 down-regulation by butyrate was associated with decreased binding affinity of Sp1 for canonical Sp-binding sites in the NRP-1 promoter. siRNA-mediated knock-down of Sp1 implied that Sp1 may have strong DNA binding activity but weak transactivation potential.

Conclusion
The downregulation of the key apoptotic and angiogenesis regulator NRP-1 by butyrate suggests a novel contributory mechanism to the chemopreventive effect of dietary fibre.
Synthesis of 13C-Labeled 5,6,11-Trideoxytetrodotoxin
Authors: Umezawa Taiki , Shinada Tetsuro , Ohfune Yasufumi 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
The synthesis of 13C-labeled 5,6,11-trideoxytetrodotoxin has been successfully achieved. This is the first example of the 13C-labeled analogs in tetrodotoxin congeners.
The Role of Enamel Matrix Derivative Protein in Minimally Invasive Surgery in Treating Intrabony Defects in Single‐Rooted Teeth: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Ribeiro Fernanda V. , Casarin Renato C.V. , Júnior Francisco H.N. , Sallum Enilson A. , Casati Márcio Z. 
Published: November 2010

Background: This study investigates the impact of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) proteins on the outcome of a minimally invasive surgical technique (MIST) for the treatment of intrabony defects.Methods: Thirty patients who presented with intrabony defects were randomly assigned to treatment with: 1) MIST plus EMD or 2) MIST alone. Probing depth (PD), position of the gingival margin (PGM), and relative clinical attachment level (RCAL) were evaluated at 3 and 6 months after treatment. Radiographs and markers in gingival crevicular fluid associated with periodontal regeneration were also evaluated.Results: Significant PD reductions, RCAL gains, and no changes in PGM were obtained at 3 and 6 months in both groups. Clinical and radiographic evaluations and levels of mediators of wound healing did not present differences between therapies at any time.Conclusion: The use of EMD did not provide superior benefits on the outcome of the minimally invasive surgical approach for the treatment of intrabony defects.
Optimal Two-stage Designs for Single-arm Phase II Oncology Trials with Two Binary Endpoints
Authors: Kieser M. , Kunz C. U. 
Published: November 2010

SummaryObjectives: In phase II clinical trials in oncology, the potential efficacy of a new treatment regimen is assessed in terms of anticancer activity. The standard approach consists of a single-arm two-stage design where a single binary endpoint is compared to a specified target value. However, a new drug would still be considered promising if it showed a lower tumor response rate than the target level but would lead, for example, to disease stabilization.Methods: We present an analytical solution for the calculation of the type I and type II error rate for a two-stage design where the hypothesis test considers two endpoints and provide optimal and minimax solutions. Furthermore, the problem of inference about the two single endpoints following rejection of the global null hypothesis is addressed by deriving a multiple test procedure that controls the experimentwise type I error rate in the strong sense.Results: The proposed methods are illustrated with a real data example, and the new design is tabulated for a wide range of parameter values. Similar to two-stage designs with a single endpoint, the characteristics of optimal and minimax designs with two endpoints with respect to expected and maximum sample size can be quite different. Therefore, the choice of an admissible design may be a valuable compromise.Conclusions: The new procedure extends Simon’s two-stage design to two endpoints. This approach allows a more comprehensive assessment of the overall picture of antitumor efficacy of a new treatment than restriction to a single outcome.
Comprehensive assessment of 2009 Pandemic Influenza a (H1N1) Virus Drug Susceptibility in vitro
Authors: Gubareva Larisa V , Trujillo A Angelica , Okomo-Adhiambo Margaret , Mishin Vasiliy P , Deyde Varough M , Sleeman Katrina , Nguyen Ha T , Sheu Tiffany G , Garten Rebecca J , Shaw Michael W , Fry Alicia M , Klimov Alexander I 
Published: November 2010

Background Antiviral drugs are an important option for managing infections caused by influenza viruses. This study assessed the drug susceptibility of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) viruses collected globally between April 2009 and January 2010. Methods Virus isolates were tested for adamantane susceptibility, using pyrosequencing to detect the S31N marker of adamantane resistance in the M2 protein and biological assays to assess viral replication in cell culture. To assess neuraminidase (NA) inhibitor (NAI) susceptibility, virus isolates were tested in chemiluminescent NA inhibition assays and by pyrosequencing to detect the H275Y (H274Y in N2 numbering) marker of oseltamivir resistance in the NA. Results With the exception of three, all viruses that were tested for adamantane susceptibility ( n=3,362) were resistant to this class of drugs. All viruses tested for NAI susceptibility ( n=3,359) were sensitive to two US Food and Drug Administration-approved NAIs, oseltamivir (mean ±sd 50% inhibitory concentration [IC50] 0.25 ±0.12 nM) and zanamivir (mean IC50 0.29 ±0.09 nM), except 23 (0.7%), which were resistant to oseltamivir, but sensitive to zanamivir. Oseltamivir-resistant viruses had the H275Y mutation in their NA and were detected in patients exposed to the drug through prophylaxis or treatment. NA activity of all viruses was inhibited by the NAIs peramivir, laninamivir (R-125489) and A-315675, except for H275Y variants, which exhibited approximately 100-fold reduction in peramivir susceptibility. Conclusions This report provides data regarding antiviral susceptibility of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) surveillance viruses, the majority of which were resistant to adamantanes and sensitive to NAIs. These findings provide information essential for antiviral resistance monitoring and development of novel diagnostic tests for detecting influenza antiviral resistance.
Relation of color, size, and canopy placement of prism traps in determining capture of emerald ash borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)
Authors: Francese Joseph A. , Fraser Ivich , Rietz Michael L. , Crook Damon J. , Lance David R. , Mastro Victor C. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn 2008 we compared numbers of emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, captured on glue-coated prism traps of different sizes (standard, double-length narrow, and quarter), colors (green and purple), and height in relation to the canopy of ash host trees (midcanopy (10–13 m) and ground level (1.5 m)). Standard-size prism traps caught more A. planipennis than did quarter-size prism traps, but catch per square metre of surface area did not differ significantly among the three trap sizes. Twenty percent of quarter-size prism traps failed to catch a single beetle, while all traps of the two larger sizes were successful. The larger traps therefore appear to be more useful as detection tools. In 2009 we compared purple and green standard-size prism traps at three heights: midcanopy (13 m), lower canopy (6 m), and ground (1.5 m). Green traps caught more adult emerald ash borers than did purple traps in the mid and lower canopy, but there was no difference between traps hung at 1.5 m. The ratio of male to female adult emerald ash borers was also higher on green than on purple traps at all three heights.
Accepted TCT challenging case: Common femoral artery perforation after primary percutaneous coronary intervention successfully treated with a novel transcatheter “thrombin‐blood patch” injection technique
Authors: Maluenda Gabriel , Waksman Ron , Bernardo Nelson L. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSevere vascular access complications are infrequent, yet potentially life‐threatening, conditions related to percutaneous procedures approached via the femoral artery. Surgical vascular repair of such complications are associated with high rates of morbimortality due to advanced cardiovascular disease. Endovascular repair of the injured vessel appears to be the treatment of choice for patients who cannot tolerate vascular reconstruction and bleeding due to severe cardiovascular disease. We report a case that illustrates the feasibility of a novel technique: transcatheter “thrombin‐blood patch” injection to access perforated arteries. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reduction of disruptive behaviors using an intervention based on the Good Behavior Game and the Say‐Do‐Report Correspondence
Authors: Ruiz‐Olivares Rosario , Pino M. José , Herruzo Javier 
Published: November 2010

AbstractDisruptive behavior can waste a great deal of teaching time in the classroom, leading to feelings of frustration in teachers and an increase in academic failure among pupils. Prior research indicates that intervening in these kinds of behaviors improves the classroom atmosphere and facilitates the learning process. With this in mind, the aims of this article are to (a) reduce the incidence of disruptive behaviors such as standing up without the teacher's permission, shouting, fighting, and interrupting the teacher or a fellow classmate, using a combination of the Good Behavior Game (GBG) and Say‐Do‐Report (S‐D‐R) Correspondence training; (b) achieve long‐term maintenance of results following the gradual withdrawal of the intervention; and (c) introduce the GBG in a different educational context than those discussed so far in the empirical literature. The intervention took place with the 15 children of a standard primary classroom (Cycle 1) at a state‐run school in Andalusia (Spain). Using a multiple baseline design across situations, the GBG and Say not‐not Do‐Request not (Sn‐nD‐Rn) Correspondence training were introduced. A significant reduction in the incidence of disruptive behavior was observed, contingent on the respective application of the intervention in each baseline. The combined application of the GBG and the S‐D‐R Correspondence proved to be an effective way of decreasing disruptive behaviors (shouting, interrupting, etc.) in the classroom, and the results were maintained for 1 year following the gradual withdrawal of the treatment. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A facile route to ureidopyrimidinone‐functionalized polymers via RAFT
Authors: Celiz Adam D. , Scherman Oren A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThree new ureidopyrimidinone(UPy)‐functionalized chain‐transfer agents (CTAs) have been synthesized for use in reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. These UPy‐CTAs are able to polymerize a wide variety of vinyl monomers to yield UPy‐functionalized polymers, including homopolymers, block copolymers, and amphiphilic block copolymers. These polymers have been characterized via 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), UV/visible spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to demonstrate end‐group fidelity. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Heteroarene‐fused π‐conjugated main‐chain polymers containing 4,7‐bis(4‐octylthiophen‐2‐yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole or 2,5‐bis(4‐octylthiophen‐2‐yl)thiazolo[5,4‐d]thiazole and their application to photovoltaic devices
Authors: Lee Tae Wan , Kang Nam Su , Yu Jae Woong , Hoang Mai Ha , Kim Kyung Hwan , Jin Jung‐Il , Choi Dong Hoon 
Published: November 2010

AbstractTwo conjugated main‐chain polymers consisting of heteroarene‐fused π‐conjuagted donor moiety alternating with 4,7‐bis(5‐bromo‐4‐octylthiophen‐2‐yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (P1) or 2,5‐bis(5‐bromo‐4‐octylthiophen‐2‐yl) thiazolo[5,4‐d]thiazole (P2) units have been synthesized. They are intrinsically amorphous in nature and do not exhibit crystalline melting temperatures during thermal analysis. The effect of the fused rings on the thermal, optical, electrochemical, charge transport, and photovoltaic properties of these polymers has been investigated. The polymer (P1) containing 4,7‐bis(5‐bromo‐4‐octylthiophen‐2‐yl)benzo[c][1,2,5] thiadiazole has a broad absorption extending from 300 to 600 nm with optical bandgaps as low as 2.02 eV. The HOMO levels (5.42 to 5.29 eV) are more sensitive to the choice of acceptor. The polymers were employed to fabricate organic photovoltaic cells with methanofullerene [6,6]‐phenyl C71‐butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM). As a result, the polymer solar cell device containing P1 had the best preliminary results with an open‐circuit voltage of 0.61 V, a short‐circuit current density of 6.19 mA/cm2, and a fill factor of 0.32, offering an overall power conversion efficiency of 1.21%. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Fabrication and characteristics of ambipolar, light‐emitting organic field effect transistors utilizing blended polyfluorene derivatives
Authors: Koiwai Kyohei , Kajii Hirotake , Ohmori Yutaka 
Published: November 2010

AbstractFabrication and characteristics of ambipolar, light‐emitting organic field effect transistors (OFETs) utilizing blended polyfluorene derivatives have been investigated. The OFET utilizing 3.5 mol% poly((9,9‐dioctylfluorenyl‐2,7‐diyl)‐alt‐co‐(1,4‐benzo‐{2,1',3)‐thiadiazole)) (F8BT) blended with poly(9,9‐dioctylfluorenyl‐2,7‐dyl) (F8) ex‐hibited both spectra of F8 and F8BT because excitons are formed on the F8, and then the excitonic energy transfers to F8BT. The OFET utilizing 80 mol% F8BT blended with F8 exhibited, on the other hand, only spectrum of F8BT because excitons were directly formed on the F8BT. We found that n‐type conduction is markedly de‐pendent on F8BT mole ratio. F8BT in F8 act as electron trap site and electron can't easily transfer from F8BT to F8 because of wide gap between F8 and F8BT lowest unoccupied molecular orbital levels. On the other hand, hole can easily transfer between F8 and F8BT because of the narrow gap between F8 and F8BT highest occupied molecular orbital levels. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Bayesian estimates of genetic parameters for cystic ovarian disease, displaced abomasum and foot and leg diseases in Iranian Holsteins via Gibbs sampling
Authors: HOSSEIN-ZADEH N. GHAVI , ARDALAN M. 
Published: November 2010

SUMMARYThe objective of the current study was to estimate heritability and genetic correlations between cystic ovarian disease (COD), foot and leg diseases (FLD) and displaced abomasum (DA) within the first three lactations of Holstein dairy cows. The 57 301 lactation records of dairy cows on 20 large dairy herds in Iran between January 2005 and June 2009 were analysed with three-trait threshold animal models, using Gibbs sampling methodology. The final model included the fixed class effects of herd-year, season of calving, the linear covariate effect of age at calving and additive direct genetic effect of animal. Posterior means of heritability in first, second and third lactations were 0·15, 0·18 and 0·22, respectively, for FLD; 0·09, 0·11, and 0·13 for COD; 0·05, 0·06, and 0·08 for DA. Posterior means of genetic correlations between diseases were low (from 0·03 to 0·14), within lactations; the largest estimates were for FLD and DA, and the lowest involved FLD and COD. Positive genetic correlations between diseases suggest that some general disease resistance factor with a genetic component exists. The results of the present study indicated the importance of health traits for considering in the selection index of Iranian Holstein dairy cows.
Patterns in the Timing of Corporate Event Waves
Authors: Rau P. Raghavendra , Stouraitis Aris 
Published: November 2010

AbstractCorporate events happen in waves. In this paper, we examine the timing patterns of 5 different types of corporate event waves (new stock and seasoned equity issues, stock- and cash-financed acquisitions, and stock repurchases) using a comprehensive data set of more than 151,000 corporate transactions over the 25-year period from 1980 to 2004. We document a distinctive pattern, previously not found in the literature, in the way stock-related waves form. Corporate waves seem to start with new issue waves (seasoned equity offering preceding initial public offering waves), followed by stock-financed merger waves, followed in turn by repurchase waves. Our results hold over separate decades and across industries. Our results seem consistent with both the neoclassical efficiency hypothesis and the misvaluation hypothesis, and there are distinct periods when one or the other appears dominant.