bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of esthesioneuroblastoma: A 16‐year meta‐analysis of 361 patients
Authors: Devaiah Anand K. , Andreoli Michael T. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:This study reviews the published outcomes related to surgical (open, endoscopic, and endoscopic‐assisted) and nonsurgical treatment for esthesioneuroblastoma.Study design:Literature meta‐analysis.Methods:A meta‐analysis of individual patient data for esthesioneuroblastoma publications between 1992 (the earliest identified description of endoscopic resection) and 2008 was conducted. A total of 49 journal articles, comprising 1,170 cases of esthesioneuroblastoma, were included in the study. Criteria for meta‐analysis inclusion were five or more patients in a study with sufficient patient data resolution for analysis. Twenty‐three studies comprising 361 patients met all inclusion criteria. The overall treatment and outcome at final follow‐up of each patient was recorded. Patients were pooled according to treatment techniques and compared to one another using a Kaplan‐Meier survival curve and the Mann‐Whitney U test to examine differences in follow‐up times and publication years.Results:Log‐rank tests showed a greater published survival rate for endoscopic surgery compared to open surgery (P = .0019), even when stratifying for publication year (P = .0018). There was no significant difference in follow‐up time. Review of Kadish tumor staging for each modality showed larger tumors were more often treated with an open approach, but open and endoscopic survival measures were comparable.Conclusions:These results suggest that endoscopic surgery is a valid treatment method with comparable survival to open surgery. Further prospective analysis will be beneficial. Laryngoscope, 2009
Diagnostic and surgical dilemmas in hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Allen Shawn M. , Bodenner Donald , Suen James Y. , Richter Gresham T. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractMedullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare malignancy arising from the parafollicular C cells within the thyroid gland. The majority of cases are sporadic, but at least 30% are hereditary in nature. Inherited forms of MTC occur as familial MTC or as a manifestation of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2. Early diagnosis and aggressive surgical management, including prophylactic thyroidectomy, improve the prognosis of patients with hereditary MTC. Several issues regarding the diagnosis and treatment of MTC remain controversial. Genetic penetrance and virulence are variable. We present an index case of familial MTC to illustrate common difficulties in the initial diagnosis and dilemmas in the surgical approach, followed by a review of current literature relevant to the management of hereditary MTC. Laryngoscope, 2009
The Effect of treatment on survival in patients with advanced laryngeal carcinoma
Authors: Gourin Christine G. , Conger Bryant T. , Sheils W. Chris , Bilodeau Paul A. , Coleman Teresa A. , Porubsky Edward S. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Over the last 2 decades, survival from laryngeal cancer has decreased. We sought to identify factors associated with decreased survival in laryngeal cancer.Methods:Patients diagnosed with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma from 1985 to 2002 were retrospectively reviewed.Results:A total of 451 patients met study criteria. Five‐year survival rates were 85% for stage I, 77% for stage II, 51% for stage III, and 35% for stage IV disease. Survival for patients with stage I–III disease was similar for patients treated operatively or nonoperatively (P = .4). However, patients with stage III disease treated nonoperatively had worse survival with radiation alone (XRT) compared to chemoradiation (CR) (P = .006). Patients with stage IV disease had significantly better survival with surgery (49%) than CR (21%) or XRT alone (14%) (P < .0001). Analysis by primary tumor stage demonstrated that survival for T1–T3 disease was independent of treatment modality (P = .2); however, for T4 patients, operative treatment was associated with significantly better survival (55%) than CR (25%) or XRT (0%) (P < .0001). Proportional hazards models confirmed significantly worse survival for stage IV, T4, N2 or N3 disease, and nonoperative treatment. For T4 disease, after controlling for nodal status, nonoperative treatment was the only significant predictor of worse survival.Conclusions:Primary surgical treatment is associated with improved survival for patients with stage IV disease and specifically T4 primary tumors. These data suggest that the observed national decrease in survival from laryngeal cancer may be due to a shift toward nonoperative treatment in that subset of patients with advanced primary disease. Laryngoscope, 2009
Larynx‐preserving esophagectomy and jejunal transfer for cervical esophageal carcinoma
Authors: Kadota Hideki , Sakuraba Minoru , Kimata Yoshihiro , Hayashi Ryuichi , Ebihara Satoshi , Kato Hoichi 
Published: May 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To examine the efficacy and safety of free jejunal transfer after larynx‐preserving esophagectomy in patients with cervical esophageal carcinoma, especially with a high tumor involving the hypopharynx.Study Design:A retrospective analysis of patients with cervical esophageal carcinoma who underwent free jejunal transfer after larynx‐preserving esophagectomy.Methods:The subjects were 32 patients who underwent larynx‐preserving cervical esophagectomy and microvascular jejunal transfer. Fifteen patients had a high cervical esophageal carcinoma that involved the hypopharynx (high‐tumor group), and 17 patients had a low cervical esophageal carcinoma that did not involve the hypopharynx (low‐tumor group). For each group, mortality, morbidity (anastomotic leakage, wound infection, stricture, and recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy), functional outcomes (time to start oral intake, achieve complete oral intake, decannulation, and rate of larynx preservation), and oncologic outcomes (survival and local control rate) were reviewed and compared.Results:No perioperative deaths occurred in either group. The incidence of postoperative complications did not differ between the groups. Oral intake started significantly later in the high‐tumor group (14.9 days) than in the low‐tumor group (10.4 days), but all patients in the high‐tumor group could finally achieve oral intake without aspiration. Decannulation was possible in patients who underwent tracheostomy, and laryngeal function was completely preserved in the high‐tumor group. Both survival and local control rate did not differ between the groups.Conclusions:Free jejunal grafts in larynx‐preserving surgery can be performed safely and reliably in patients with low cervical esophageal carcinomas and in selected patients with high tumors involving the hypopharynx. Laryngoscope, 2009
Optimal use of intraoperative PTH levels in parathyroidectomy
Authors: Seybt Melanie W. , Loftus Kelly A. , Mulloy Anthony L. , Terris David J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Localization and the intraoperative parathyroid hormone assay (IOPTH) have facilitated minimally invasive parathyroidectomy. The precise algorithm governing use of IOPTH has been debated. Numerous authors advocate acquisition of a so‐called pre‐excision (P‐E) baseline level (obtained after dissection of the adenoma, but prior to excision) in addition to a preincision baseline, to guard against spurious elevation in the baseline that might confuse interpretation of postexcision levels. We sought to clarify the optimal timing of PTH level determination.Study Design:Consecutive single‐surgeon case series with planned data collection from patients undergoing parathyroid surgery at a university hospital.Methods:Demographic data and intraoperative laboratory and surgical findings from patients undergoing parathyroidectomy were prospectively gathered and analyzed. Attention was paid to the value of P‐E and 5‐minute postexcision levels and their impact on intraoperative decision‐making.Results:One hundred twelve patients underwent parathyroidectomy. Thirty were for secondary or tertiary hyperparathyroidism and were excluded. Seventy‐nine (96.3%) of the 82 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism were rendered eucalcemic. In no case did the P‐E value change what was otherwise destined to be a successful result. In 65.3% of cases, operative time was conserved as the procedure was correctly stopped after the 5‐minute level, without the need to wait until the 10‐minute postexcision level was reported.Conclusions:Pre‐excision baseline IOPTH levels, although logical in their original proposal, appear to play little role in determining the completeness of an exploration. A 5‐minute postexcision level adds value in nearly two thirds of cases by allowing earlier termination of the operation. Laryngoscope, 2009
Proton NMR studies of dihalogenated phenyl benzamides: two‐dimensional higher quantum methodologies
Authors: Manjunatha Reddy G.N. , Nayak Susanta Kumar , Guru Row T.N. , Suryaprakash N. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe scalar coupled proton NMR spectra of many organic molecules possessing more than one phenyl ring are generally complex due to degeneracy of transitions arising from the closely resonating protons, in addition to several short‐ and long‐range couplings experienced by each proton. Analogous situations are generally encountered in derivatives of halogenated benzanilides. Extraction of information from such spectra is challenging and demands the differentiation of spectrum pertaining to each phenyl ring and the simplification of their spectral complexity. The present study employs the blend of independent spin system filtering and the spin‐state selective detection of single quantum (SQ) transitions by the two‐dimensional multiple quantum (MQ) methodology in achieving this goal. The precise values of the scalar couplings of very small magnitudes have been derived by double quantum resolved experiments. The experiments also provide the relative signs of heteronuclear couplings. Studies on four isomers of dihalogenated benzanilides are reported in this work. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Symptom occurrence and associated clinical factors in nursing home residents with cancer
Authors: Duncan Jennifer G. , Bott Marjorie J. , Thompson Sarah A. , Gajewski Byron J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractLittle is known about the factors that contribute to symptoms in nursing home residents with cancer. We compared rates of symptoms in residents with (n = 1,022) and without cancer (n = 9,910) and examined physiologic, psychologic and situational factors potentially related to symptoms in residents with cancer. Pain, shortness of breath, vomiting, weight loss, and diarrhea were significantly (p < .05) more prevalent in residents with cancer. Cancer treatments, comorbid illnesses, and situational factors were not consistently correlated with symptoms. Improved symptom control was especially needed for the 30% of residents with cancer who clinically deteriorated within 3 months of admission; physical dependence and deteriorating clinical status were associated with pain, shortness of breath, and weight loss. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 32: 453–464, 2009
Composites formed by glass fibers and PS‐modified epoxy matrix. Influence of the glass fibers surface on the morphologies and mechanical properties of the interphases generated
Authors: Olmos D. , Gonzalez‐Benito J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn this work, the influence of the nature of the reinforcement surface on the interfacial morphologies developed in E‐glass fibers/polystyrene (PS)‐modified epoxy composites has been studied. Different surface modifications of the fibers were considered. In a complementary way, morphological analysis and nanoindentation measurements were carried out using atomic force microscopy to subsequently correlate the interfacial structure with the morphologies observed. In every composite, reaction‐induced phase separation happened with a morphology composed of PS‐rich domains immersed in an epoxy‐rich phase. However, depending on the surface modification of the glass fibers, different distributions of PS‐rich domains at the interfaces were obtained. The results were interpreted in terms of a gradual phase separation process because of stoichiometric gradients from the glass fibers surface to the matrix bulk caused by specific segregation of one of the components of the reactive epoxy mixture to the fibers occurs. It was concluded that specific and controlled reinforcement modification allows obtaining tailored interfaces formed by a polymer blend and a reinforcement in which the morphology can be previously selected. POLYM. COMPOS., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Attitudes towards antimicrobial drugs among general population in Croatia, Fyrom, Greece, Hungary, Serbia and Slovenia
Authors: Radošević Nives , Vlahović‐Palčevski Vera , Benko Ria , Peklar Jure , Miškulin Inka , Matuz Maria , Papaioannidou Paraskevi , Sabo Ana , Palčevska‐Koceska Snežana 
Published: May 2009

AbstractPurposeA pilot study to assess patients' attitudes towards antimicrobials (ABs) in six European countries (Croatia, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM), Greece, Hungary, Slovenia and Serbia), as a step preceding educational intervention on the importance of patients' compliance with instructions on taking ABs and consequences of their inappropriate use.MethodsPatients' knowledge, emotions and behaviour regarding ABs were assessed using a structured questionnaire, constructed by a psychologist and intended for general population in six European countries. Questionnaires were filled out by individuals who visited pharmacies and general practitioners.ResultsA total of 838 questionnaires were filled in. Respondents from Slovenia showed the best knowledge about ABs, followed by Croatians. The highest willingness for self‐medication reported respondents from FYROM. The most positive emotions about ABs were expressed by respondents in Greece and Hungary, and the most negative in Slovenia. All components of attitudes towards antibiotics were influenced by country and level of education.ConclusionsBehaviour regarding ABs complied with emotions and knowledge in all countries. The results of this study may lay a basis for conducting national public campaigns, as a step forward in education of patients on rational AB use. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Encapsulating Eu3+ complex doped layers to improve Si‐based solar cell efficiency
Authors: Le Donne Alessia , Acciarri Maurizio , Narducci Dario , Marchionna Stefano , Binetti Simona 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis paper reports the electrical characterization of commercially available crystalline silicon solar cells encapsulated with poly‐vinylacetate doped with different Eu3+ organic complexes. The inclusion of these complexes in the encapsulating matrix allows down‐shifting of the solar spectrum components below 420 nm toward the maximum quantum efficiency of the solar cells. This effect has been proven under Air Mass 1·5 conditions (simulating terrestrial applications) where an increase of the total power delivered by the encapsulated cells has been observed. Moreover, this enhancement has been obtained using very low percentage by weight of organolanthanide dopants, allowing a reduction in the Watt peak price. At higher concentrations a strong quenching of the energy transfer from the organic antenna to the lanthanide ion has been observed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Up‐regulation of the inflammatory‐reparative phenotype in human prostate carcinoma
Authors: Ravenna Linda , Sale Patrizio , Di Vito Maura , Russo Andrea , Salvatori Luisa , Tafani Marco , Mari Emanuela , Sentinelli Steno , Petrangeli Elisa , Gallucci Michele , Di Silverio Franco , Russo Matteo A 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBACKGROUNDRecent studies have underlined the role of tumor cells in the endogenous synthesis of pro‐inflammatory molecules. We tested whether malignant progression in prostate cancer was associated with the activation of a phenotype typical of the innate immune system.METHODSThe expression of a set of molecules involved in tissue inflammation and repair was measured by real‐time PCR and Western blot analysis in prostate samples in the absence or slight presence of a detectable leukocyte infiltrate. Whole tumor and non‐tumor samples were analyzed in addition to laser‐capture microdissected tumor and host epithelium. Receptor for advanced glycation end products, purine receptor, inducible enzymes cyclooxygenase‐2 and nitric oxide synthase‐2, pentraxin‐3 and growth‐survival factor receptors such as epithelial growth factor and estrogen α and β receptors were all studied.RESULTSA global survey approach showed an up‐regulation in tumor samples of all of the studied genes, with the exception of ERβ. A laser‐capture microdissection approach highlighted over‐expression of pro‐inflammatory molecules in each tumor sample examined. Nuclear translocation of nuclear factor‐kB subunit p65 was observed in tumor tissues.CONCLUSIONSThese data support the evidence that molecules typical of the innate immune system, similar to that of activated leukocytes, are produced by prostate epithelial cells and that their expression is up‐regulated in malignant cells. We suggest that the observed pro‐inflammatory and repair process activation may represent an important molecular mechanism in the progression of prostate cancer. Prostate 69:1245–1255, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression level and DNA methylation status of glutathione‐S‐transferase genes in normal murine prostate and TRAMP tumors
Authors: Mavis Cory K. , Kinney Shannon R. Morey , Foster Barbara A. , Karpf Adam R. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBACKGROUNDGlutathione‐S‐transferase (Gst) genes are downregulated in human prostate cancer, and GSTP1 silencing is mediated by promoter DNA hypermethylation in this malignancy. We examined Gst gene expression and Gst promoter DNA methylation in normal murine prostates and Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) tumors.METHODSPrimary and metastatic tumors were obtained from TRAMP mice, and normal prostates were obtained from strain‐matched WT mice (n = 15/group). Quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR was used to measure GstA4, GstK1, GstM1, GstO1, and GstP1 mRNA expression, and Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining was used to measure GstM1 and GstP1 protein expression. MassARRAY Quantitative Methylation Analysis was used to measure DNA methylation of the 5′ CpG islands of GstA4, GstK1, GstM1, GstO1, and GstP1. TRAMP‐C2 cells were treated with the epigenetic remodeling drugs decitabine and trichostatin A (TSA) alone and in combination, and Gst gene expression was measured.RESULTSOf the genes analyzed, GstM1 and GstP1 were expressed at highest levels in normal prostate. All five Gst genes showed greatly reduced expression in primary tumors compared to normal prostate, but not in tumor metastases. Gst promoter methylation was unchanged in TRAMP tumors compared to normal prostate. Combined decitabine + TSA treatment significantly enhanced the expression of 4/5 Gst genes in TRAMP‐C2 cells.CONCLUSIONSGst genes are extensively downregulated in primary but not metastatic TRAMP tumors. Promoter DNA hypermethylation does not appear to drive Gst gene repression in TRAMP primary tumors; however, pharmacological studies using TRAMP cells suggest the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in Gst gene repression. Prostate 69:1312–1324, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modification of biphenylselenolate monolayers by low‐energy electrons
Authors: Weidner T. , Ballav N. , Grunze M. , Terfort A. , Zharnikov M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe effect of low‐energy (50 eV) electron irradiation on self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) of aromatic selenolates on polycrystalline Au{111} was studied by synchrotron‐based X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and near‐edge X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. As a test system, SAMs of biphenylselenolate (BPSe) were used, and analogous biphenylthiolate (BPT) SAMs were taken as a reference. The BPSe films were found to exhibit the expected high stability of aromatic SAMs toward electron irradiation, primarily mediated by the dominance of cross‐linking between the individual molecular species. The cross‐sections of the most prominent irradiation‐induced processes in the BPSe SAMs were obtained and found to be in a range of 0.07–0.2 × 10–16 cm2. Comparison of the BPSe and BPT SAMs showed a higher stability of the former system toward electron irradiation. This phenomenon was explained by a combined effect of a higher degree of crystallinity of the BPSe SAMs and a higher strength of the selenolate‐gold as compared to thiolate‐gold bond. The latter aspect is an important result of the present study, which may help to rationalize the current controversy regarding the relative strength of these two anchor groups. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Ginkgo biloba treating patients with attention‐deficit disorder
Authors: Niederhofer Helmut 
Published: May 2009

AbstractVarious medications such as clonidine facilitate calming, enhance frustration tolerance and reduce aggression in attention‐deficit disorder (ADD) patients. The use of Ginkgo biloba was studied as an herbal alternative. Six psychiatric outpatients diagnosed with ADD were rated at baseline and while taking Ginkgo biloba to determine its efficacy as a treatment for ADD. Comparisons of Wender Utah ratings within subject were used to measure behavioral changes in the subjects. During Ginkgo biloba treatment, the patients' mean scores improved significantly overall and in hyperactivity, inattention, and immaturity factors. This preliminary study indicates that Ginkgo biloba might be a beneficial and useful treatment of ADD, with minimal side effects. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Generation of an isolated sub‐100 attosecond pulse in a two‐color laser field
Authors: Guo Ya‐Hui , Lu Rui‐Feng , Han Ke‐Li , He Guo‐Zhong 
Published: May 2009

AbstractWe propose a method of generating an ultrabroad extreme ultraviolet continuum spectrum with a two‐color scheme. By combining a phase‐stabilized few‐cycle laser pulse and its subharmonic laser, the electron quantum paths in the laser field are significantly modulated, a broadened continuum spectrum of 190 eV can be obtained, and an isolated 85 attosecond (as) pulse is generated. By increasing the intensity of the subharmonic controlling pulse, the continuum spectrum is extended effectively and a single 53 as pulse is predicted. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2009
Electronic temperature in divide‐and‐conquer electronic structure calculation revisited: Assessment and improvement of self‐consistent field convergence
Authors: Akama Tomoko , Kobayashi Masato , Nakai Hiromi 
Published: May 2009

AbstractWe investigated the electronic temperature dependence of divide‐and‐conquer (DC) self‐consistent field (SCF) method in calculations of uniform (U) and bond‐alternating polyene chains. It was found that part of total energy error of DC calculation is caused by a finite electronic temperature appeared in the DC formalism. As the electronic temperature decreases, the error by the finite temperature decreases to zero but the number of SCF iteration increases, especially in the U chain calculation. To improve the DC SCF convergence with a high energy accuracy, we introduced the temperature‐lowering technique into DC calculation. Numerical assessment reveals the good performance of the present method. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2009