bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Publishing Rights
Authors: Sanders Johnson Grace 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter begins at the end of the occupation and discusses the early organizational structure, workshops, and research projects of the Ligue Féminine d’Action Sociale (LFAS). The chapter is told through the lives and research of the Sylvain sisters: Madeleine, Suzanne, Jeanne, and Yvonne. The Sylvain sisters used the LFAS as a platform for their respective intellectual interests. They encouraged the production of interdisciplinary feminist scholarship through the study of urban and rural working-class women and girls. Using the LFAS’s monthly periodical La Voix des Femmes alongside several urban journals such as Le Matin, Le Nouvelliste, La Semeuse, Haïti-Journal, and La Phalange, the chapter examines the philosophical and political intersections with other postoccupation movements. The chapter also follows public debates about feminism, family, and citizenship through the LFAS’s attention to women’s ownership and their labor, creativity, and leisure time. The chapter asks, how could feminist organizers’ thinking and practice approximate the most elusive component of their work: the goal to articulate a politics for all women?
Making the Green Revolution
Authors: Lorek Timothy W. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In November 2017, the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) celebrated its fiftieth anniversary at its headquarters outside Palmira, Colombia. As an important research center of the so-called Green Revolution in agricultural science and technologies, CIAT emphasizes its contributions to sustainability, food security, gender equity, inclusive markets, and resilient, climate-smart agriculture. Yet these terms hardly describe the Cauca Valley where CIAT is physically located, a place that has been transformed into an industrial monoculture of sugarcane where thirteen Colombian corporations oversee the vast majority of this valley’s famously fertile soil. This exemplifies the paradox Timothy W. Lorek describes in Making the Green Revolution: an international research center emphasizing small-scale and sustainable agricultural systems sited conspicuously on a landscape otherwise dominated by a large-scale corporate sugarcane industry. Utilizing archives in Colombia, Puerto Rico, and the United States, Lorek tracks the paradoxical but intertwined twentieth-century processes that produced both CIAT and sugar in the Cauca Valley. This history reveals how Colombians contributed to the rise of a global Green Revolution and how that international process in turn intersected with a complex and long-running rural conflict in Colombia.
Shifting Alliances
Authors: Mantler Gordon K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
While police brutality and harassment of the Black and Latino communities was nothing new, the violent deaths of Black Panthers Fred Hampton and Mark Clark in response to Hampton’s Rainbow Coalition prompted the most significant backlash by Black voters against the Chicago machine. In 1972, African Americans voted out one of the architects of the deaths, underscoring a political shift away from the machine and toward political independence. Even veteran Black politicians such as Ralph Metcalfe and Harold Washington broke with the machine and criticized police violence. Occurring at the same time as a Latino demographic surge into the city and the empowering symbolism of the National Black Political Convention in next-door Gary, Indiana, a multiracial coalition of activists in Chicago were poised to upend the power of the machine and its ailing boss, Mayor Richard J. Daley.
Winning by Losing?
Authors: Mantler Gordon K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Despite rising expectations for a new civil rights and Black Power generation, these activists entered electoral politics for the first time and mostly lost to Mayor Richard J. Daley and the Chicago machine, both of which proved remarkably durable. Part of that durability was due to the mistakes made by activists-turned-office seekers such as Al Raby, Bobby Rush, and Jose “Cha-Cha” Jimenez, who all ran and lost races for City Council, because of their overreliance on “charisma,” endorsements by civil rights icons such as Ralph Abernathy and Jesse Jackson, and, ironically, uneven grassroots organizing. These factors made it difficult for political independents to win, even as progressive Black and Latino activists made inroads against once-entrenched urban machines in other cities such as Atlanta. And yet, these activists also learned valuable lessons that later set the stage for greater Black and Latino empowerment in the coming decade. Bobby Rush, a former Panther, lost before he won election. The same was true for future Mayor Harold Washington.
Race and a New Democratic Coalition
Authors: Mantler Gordon K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
While the primary and general election victories are often seen as part of one seamless process, there actually were important distinctions between the two races in 1983. White supremacy played an even more significant role during the general election, pitting Democratic nominee Harold Washington against former Republican state legislator Bernard Epton. Much of the explicit racism that spring shocked observers, particularly among white journalists, and yet it also helped consolidate African American support for Washington. Strategy by Washington’s supporters also changed significantly between the two elections, as Latinos and progressive whites became an even more important part of the coalition. It would be Latino and white votes that helped propel Washington to victory and signaled a political realignment in cities and the Democratic and Republican parties. White ethnic voters found it easier to vote for conservatives such as Epton and President Ronald Reagan while a progressive, multiracial coalition countered this trend. In cities across the nation, broad, diverse coalitions eked out victories against more conservative candidates supported by once loyal urban white Democrats.
A White Medical District, 1900–1940
Authors: McQueeney Kevin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Chapter 4 explores the intersection of the segregation of health care and urban space in the early decades of the twentieth century. It examines how New Orleans’s push for increasing trade with Latin America and tourism led to civic improvements, public health campaigns, and an expanding health care economy. As boosters promoted New Orleans as a healthy city, with a robust health care system, they also advocated for residential segregation and spatial concentration of Black residents in less-desirable areas, often using arguments of poor Black health as justification for removal. This chapter details the push by white leaders to evict Black medical institutions like the Providence Sanitarium, Flint Goodridge Hospital, and Flint Medical College from the medical district, and the role of municipal powers and federal funding—through programs like the Works Progress Administration (WPA)—in supporting the efforts to create a white medical district.
Health Care in the Era of Civil Rights and Resistance, 1950–1968
Authors: McQueeney Kevin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Chapter 6 explores the decades-long struggle to desegregate health care in New Orleans, focusing on the period from the late 1940s through the late 1960s. It examines a seemingly paradoxical problem with Flint Goodridge Hospital: the desire to expand the Black institution—thwarted for years by the state’s denial of federal Hill-Burton funding—occurring as Black leaders pushed for access to all hospitals. This chapter details the new strategies employed by civil rights leaders like A. P. Tureaud, who turned to litigation to desegregate medical schools, and the impact of federal court decisions and legislation like the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Medicaid, and Medicare, which mandated integration of health care institutions. This chapter also details the concentrated efforts of Charity Hospital and private hospitals to defy integration, and the creation of “white flight” hospitals in the suburbs of New Orleans. As this chapter demonstrates, the late 1960s was another potential “crucial turning point” for the racialized health care system, and white municipal and health care leaders fought to preserve the racialized health care system.
Puerto Rican Nationalism, Latin American Solidarity, and the 1930S How Good was the Good Neighbor Policy?
Authors: Power Margaret M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
As fascism rose in Europe, the United States sought to ensure Latin America remained an ally. President Roosevelt initiated the Good Neighbor Policy to win over the hearts and minds of Latin Americans. Yet, as this chapter discusses, anti-imperialists throughout the region countered that US occupation of Puerto Rico and the imprisonment of Nationalist political prisoners contradicted Washington’s promises of non-intervention. Anti-imperialist Latin Americans called for the release of the political prisoners and independence for Puerto Rico. However, because the US military needed Puerto Rico to guarantee Washington’s control of the region, the United States ignored their calls.
Conclusion
Authors: Power Margaret M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Pedro Albizu Campos’s 1965 funeral witnessed an outpouring of local and hemispheric support. Although the Nationalist Party never recovered its earlier popularity, enough pressure existed so that by the late 1960s Puerto Rican governors released Nationalist political prisoners who had been jailed since the 1950s. However, the five Nationalists who had attacked President Truman or the US Congress remained jailed in US prisons. A national and international campaign for their freedom, known as Free the Five Nationalists, gained momentum in the 1970s. In 1979 President Jimmy Carter granted the prisoners unconditional release.
La mejora integral de la calidad del servicio alojamiento turístico
Authors: Moreno Pino Maira Rosario , Pupo Cruz Daylín , Arencibia García Yainie 
Published: May 2024

El servicio de alojamiento turístico constituye uno de los pilares fundamentales de la hotelería, ya que de este se derivan las actividades que garantizan la satisfacción del cliente y su fidelización a través de estrategias que incluyen el establecimiento de alianzas estratégicas. Considerando esta realidad, el objetivo general de esta investigación es desarrollar un procedimiento para la mejora integral de la calidad del servicio alojamiento turístico que contribuya al incremento de la satisfacción del cliente. En la estructura del trabajo contiene los aportes metodológicos esenciales sobre el tema, la estructura y contenido del procedimiento con las técnicas esenciales y su valoración a través del método Delphi; así como los resultados fundamentales de la aplicación parcial en el hotel Playa Pesquero de Holguín. Entre los resultados más notables se encuentra la propuesta de un sistema de indicadores cuantitativos y cualitativos y el tratamiento a las alianzas para la innovación. Se emplean técnicas basadas en criterio de expertos y se establecen parámetros de referencia para la clasificación de los resultados.
Diagnostic accuracy of abdominal ultrasound for detection if acute appendicitis taking operative findings as gold standard
Authors: Ikram Maryam , Ikram Hamza , Memon Zaheer Abbas , Ul Haq Ikram , Akbar Siddiq , Jahangir Sidra , Ullah Izat , Wali Roheela , Ullah Noor 
Published: May 2024

This study objective is to assess the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography (USG). While evaluating acute abdominal conditions, including acute appendicitis acute cholecystitis, and pneumoperitoneum. In this study, 342 patients were evaluated to present with symptoms suggestive of acute abdominal pathology. Researchers included patient data including demographic information and USG findings were collected from medical records. In addition, diagnostic accuracy parameters, including sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV). Moreover, negative predictive value (NPV), and overall diagnostic accuracy of USG, stratifiend and calculated based on age and gender. The average age of the study was 41.23 ± 6.75 years with a gender distribution. Though the (male: 197, female: 145). USG demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy in detecting acute appendicitis (sensitivity 89.60%, specificity 82.50%. the PPV 88.89%, NPV 83.54%, diagnostic accuracy 86.83%). While the acute cholecystitis (sensitivity 94.44%, specificity 87.10%, diagnostic accuracy 91.04%), and pneumoperitoneum (sensitivity 95.35%, specificity 88.89%, PPV 93.18%, NPV 92.31%, diagnostic accuracy 92.86%). The Stratified analyses by age and gender revealed consistent diagnostic performance of USG. The findings of this study found the diagnostic utility of ultrasonography in evaluating acute abdominal conditions. These results underscore the importance of USG as a frontline imaging modality in the management of acute abdominal emergencies
YSH-134 A SWEET STALK SORGHUM HYBRID WITH HIGH POTENTIAL FOR SILAGE PRODUCTION IN PLAINS OF PUNJAB
Authors: JAVED HM , SAEED M , HAQ IU , SHAIKH GY , SADDAM S , AWAIS M , IQBAL N , ASLAM M , ZULIFQAR W , ASIF Z , MURTAZA G 
Published: May 2024

Ever-increasing population and the impact of high heat, a combination of both diminishing factors place agricultural productivity at risk. Food security is current alarming issue and ringing the bells on the door of stakeholders including breeders to devise appropriate strategies for future needs. The development of hybrids in crops is the only tool to enhance productivity by 2-3 times folds than current potential. The livestock industry is also increasing steeply to meet dairy-related needs and requires high fodder-yielding hybrids to fulfill its functional tasks. The constitution of new and dual-purpose high-yielding sorghum hybrids is a core need to boost production potential in fodder crops. Sorghum provides highly nutritious grain and green parts and requires a limited input supply when compared to other crops. A great improvement potential is present in sorghum crops in terms of hybrid development. Here, this work was performed for the development of a new sorghum hybrid through the ABR system. YSH-134 is a cross combination between CMS-10A and YSS-98 with a higher grain (5000 kg/ha) and fodder (45000 kg/ha) yield potential. This hybrid was tested against the previously released sorghum hybrid Fakhar-e-Punjab. It's the second of its lot and has yield superiority over check hybrid. YSH-134 maintained 3% and 15% yield enhancement at station trials during 2018 and 2020 over check hybrid. Under National Uniform Yield Testing, it showed more prominent and higher yield benefits (19% and 34% during 2019 and 2020, respectively) against its competitor. ANOVA and after ANOVA analysis showed its 14% grain yield increase and 26% fodder production than Fakhar-e-Punjab. This high productivity is owing to the exploitation of heterosis effects lying under this unique cross combination. High-yielding YSH-134 has a highly sweet and juicy stem (15% brix value) with green and broad which can be used as green fodder for the cattle and dairy industry. This work will pave the way to meet future targets through utilizing heterosis breeding and hybrid seed technology. This may help the researcher in designing breeding programs for the development of hybrids for higher yields in green fodder.
IMPACT OF NOREPINEPHRINE DOSAGE INCREASE AND VOLUME EXPANSION ON CAPILLARY REFILL TIME IN SEPTIC SHOCK PATIENTS
Authors: PERVAIZ R , ARIF B , AHMED H , BUKHARI SZ , ISSA LH , RAZA S 
Published: May 2024

Background: When evaluating patients with acute circulatory failure, one clinical feature that may be quickly determined at the bedside is the capillary refill time (CRT).Objective: The objective of this observational study was to describe the changes in CRT that occur as a result of volume expansion and increased dosages of norepinephrine, along with related macro-circulatory variables, in patients suffering from septic shock. Study Design: This was an observational study. Setting: The study was conducted at Bahria Town International Hospital Lahore and Services Institute of Medical Sciences. Duration of Study: The study was conducted over six months from January 2, 2023, to July 30, 2023. Methods: We measured mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac index (CI), and five consecutive CRT readings in 40 septic shock patients. These measurements were taken before and after a 500 mL saline infusion in 20 patients and before and after an increase in norepinephrine dosage in another 20 patients. Results: The "norepinephrine" group had lower SAPS II and SOFA scores than the "volume expansion" group. When all patients were assessed together, volume expansion significantly lowered heart rate while increasing MAP, diastolic arterial pressure, CI, CVP, and CRT. Fluid-induced increases in CI of ≥ 15% were observed in 11 patients (55%). In fluid responders, fluid infusion significantly raised MAP by 31% (11-49%) and CI by 26% (20-42%). Increased norepinephrine levels may lower CRT in patients with a baseline value of fewer than 3 seconds. Increasing norepinephrine has a low possibility of decreasing CRT in patients with baseline CRT ≥ 3 seconds if the MAP increase is <15%. However, the decrease in CRT is inconsistent in patients with baseline CRT ≥ 3 seconds when norepinephrine increases MAP by ≥ 15%. Univariate regression analysis revealed a correlation between the absolute value of CRT and lactate levels, heart rate, norepinephrine dosage, gender, SAPS II, and ICU mortality. In a multivariate analysis that included all physiological parameters with a p-value <0.1 in univariate linear regression, only lactate upon admission had a significant association with the absolute value of CRT. Conclusion: CRT uncommonly improves with therapy in individuals with septic shock and prolonged CRT when volume expansion raises cardiac output by <15% and increasing the dosage of norepinephrine increases MAP by <15%. CRT's response varies when there are significant effects of fluid infusion on cardiac output and norepinephrine on MAP; in some patients, it decreases while remaining consistent in others. CRT functions as an indicator of microcirculation in this context.
QISHLOQ XO‘JALIGI KORXONАLАRI FАOLIYATINI BOSHQARISHDA LOGISTIKА АXBOROT TIZIMLАRINI JORIY ETISH MEXАNIZMLАRI
Authors: Nazarov Husanbek 
Published: May 2024

Ilmiy maqolada logistika axborot tizimlari tushunchasi, qishloq xo’jaligi korxonalarida logistika axborot tizimlarini joriy etish, logistika axborot tizimlari qanday asosiy vazifalarni bajarishi kerakligi, logistika axborot tizimining tashkiliy tuzilmasi, axborot logistika tizimlari qanday talablarga javob berishi, logistika operatsiyalarini amalga oshirish bo‘yicha qishloq xo’jaligi korxonalari harakatlarining asosiy yo‘nalishlari hamda logistika axborot tizimi qanday imkoniyatlarni yaratishi keng yoritib berilgan.
IQTISODIY O‘SISH OMILLARINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH VA BARQAROR RIVOJLANISHGA ERISHISH
Authors: Yormonqulova Nargiza 
Published: May 2024

Maqolada iqtisodiy o‘sish tushunchasining mohiyati, uning turlari, iqtisodiy o‘sish sur’atiga ta’sir qiluvchi omillar tahlili, iqtisodiy o‘sishga berilgan ta’riflar, iqtisodiy islohotlarni amalga oshirishning mohiyati va zarurati tahlil qilinadi. Yuqoridagilarni hisobga olgan holda, mamlakat o‘sishining mavjud holati tahlil qilindi. Shunday qilib, ushbu maqolaning asosiy e'tibori iqtisodiy o‘sish omillarining qanchalik muhim ekanligi, ya’ni mamlakat yalpi ichki mahsulotida tutgan o‘rni va iqtisodiy o‘sish omillarini yanada takomillashtirish bo‘yicha ishlab chiqilgan takliflardan iborat.
BOSHLАNG‘ICH TА’LIMDА FONETIKА MАVZUSINI O‘QITISH BO‘YICHА YАNGICHА YONDАSHUVLАR
Authors: Imomаliyevа Mushаrrаfxon , Vаlijonovа Moxichexrаxon 
Published: May 2024

Ushbu maqolada boshlang‘ich ta’limda Fonetika mavzusini o‘qitishda yangicha yondashuvlarning qo‘llanilishi va natijada o‘quvchilarning bilim olish samaradorligiga qay darajada ijobiy ta’sir qilishi haqida so‘z boradi. Bunda boshlang‘ich sinf o‘qituvchilarining nutqiy mahorati, sifatlari va darsda qanday nutqdan foydalanishi haqida bir qancha o‘zbek va xorijiy mamlakatdagi olimlarning nazariy va amaliy qarashlari tahlil etilgan, shu bilan birga, turli interfaol metodlar orqali yurtimizdagi boshlang‘ich sinf o‘qituvchilarining innovatsion texnologiyalardan qay darajada foydalanishlari va boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarining yaxshi bilim olishi uchun darsni qanday tashkil etish borasida bir qator tavsiyalar berilgan.
ILK YОSH (3 YОSHGАCHА BО‘LGАN) DАVRDА BОLАLАR NUTQINI RIVОJLАNTIRISH
Authors: Qodirov Valijon 
Published: May 2024

Maqolada gо‘dаklik dаvridаn bоlа nutqining rivоjlаnishi, nutqqа ilk tаyyоrgаrlik dаvri хususiyаtlаri haqida so‘z yuritiladi. Adabiyotlardagi mavjud qarashlarni psixologiya va pedagogikaning keyingi yutuqlariga uyg‘unlashtirgan holda umumlashma xulosalar beriladi. Yurtimiz va xorijdagi soha mutaxassislari, pedagog olimlarning bu boradagi izlanishlari, yondashuvlari qiyosiy aspektda o‘rganiladi. Shuningdek, hozirgacha nashr ettirilgan o‘quv adabiyotlarida mazkur yosh davrida go‘dakning muloqot, munosabat o‘rnatish bosqichlariga diqqat etilmaganiga e’tibor qaratilib, bu boradagi bo‘shliqni to‘ldirish zaruratiga urg‘u beriladi. Bоlа nutqining mustаqil rivоjlаnish bosqichlari tahlil qilinib, ilk yоsh dаvridа bоlаlаr nutqini rivоjlаntirishning о‘zigа хоsligi ochib berilgan.
Changing: A Short Study on John Cheever’s “Swimmer”
Authors: Li Yanfei , Zhong Jingdong , Lv Yuting 
Published: May 2024

American writer John Cheever’s “Swimmer” adopts a surreal or symbolic style that breaks away from the previous ideas and approaches of realism. The story’s hero Neddy Merrill embarks on an adventurous journey to swim home: an eight-mile journey that connects suburban swimming pools in his mind’s eye to form the magnificent Lucinda River, named for his wife. This paper examines the ever-changing natural scenes to explore the role of such scenes in portraying the characters and revealing the theme of the story. It also discusses the changing fates of the hero in two aspects-people’s changing attitudes towards Neddy and his own changing physical condition. The study considers the hero’s tragedy as a true portrayal of the loss and spiritual plight of the American middle class, which strengthens the sense of crisis and disillusionment in modern society, and expresses the author’s deep doubts about the lifestyle and thinking mode of the middle class, and his infinite worries about the future of the American middle class.