bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) chapter climate check: Mixed methods analysis of survey responses
Authors: Cetnar Ashley J. , Aldosary Ghada , Koo Meghan C. , Lincoln Holly , Pérez‐Andújar Angélica , Prajapati Surendra , Simiele Samantha J. , Hendrickson Kristi R. G. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroductionThe American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) recently shared results and recommendations from its first Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (EDI) Climate Survey, which was designed to assess the climate at the workplace, the AAPM organization, and the AAPM regional chapter level. This work further explores the status of EDI at the regional chapter level.MethodsAAPM's EDI Survey was distributed to 5500 members and had a response rate of 25%. In the survey, three open‐ended comment boxes were provided for feedback, including one for regional AAPM members. Sixty‐four percent of respondents indicated they were part of a regional chapter, and 6% provided written responses to the regional chapter question. Responses were analyzed using a mixed methods approach with an exploratory sequential design. Two phases were conducted; the first relied on a Grounded Theory quantitative systemic approach, and the second applied qualitative analysis. Chapter member demographic data were collected to support findings.ResultsSurvey respondents provided open comments and feedback on their regional chapter's climate. Data are summarized as five themes: positive experiences, negative experiences, challenges within chapters, diversity and inclusion, and changes observed. Experiences of regional chapters were rated positively by 75% of respondents. Respondents found their chapters were welcoming, and some noted their great chapter leadership. A number of incidents of sexual harassment, bullying, and discrimination incidences were also shared. Other respondents observed exclusion based on their gender, race, highest degree, and medical physics specialty. Chapter leadership data aligned with these claims, with most leaders to‐date being white males, doctoral degree holders, and/or specializing in radiation therapy.ConclusionAAPM chapters provide rewarding professional opportunities. This study has highlighted positive and negative experiences reported by its members. The major themes identified can guide chapter leaders to continue to cultivate welcoming communities for regional AAPM members.
Effects of Chemical Pressure on Superconductivity in Electrochemically Intercalated (TMA)yFe2(Se1−xSx)2 (TMA = Tetramethylammonium)
Authors: Lammer Nadine , Werhahn Dominik , Moritz Leonard , Johrendt Dirk 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe β‐modification of FeSe, which has an anti‐PbO type structure, achieves superconductivity at 8 K without external doping or pressure and exhibits a nematic phase, which has been crucial for studies of unconventional pairing mechanisms. Although the critical temperature (Tc) in FeSe increases significantly with applied pressure, intercalation, and in thin films, the effect of chemical pressure by replacing selenium with sulfur in FeSe1−xSx has remained unclear. To investigate the effects of chemical pressure, we have synthesized FeSe1−xSx crystals (up to x = 0.52) and intercalated them with tetramethylammonium ions (TMA+). These results show that both Tc and unit cell volume decrease linearly with sulfur content in both host and intercalated (TMA)yFe2(Se1‐xSx)2. The remarkable common rate of normalized decrease of Tc suggests that chemical pressure affects the electron‐doped intercalates in the same way as the host compounds. This result highlights the unique role of chemical pressure and electron doping in tuning superconductivity in FeSe systems and provides new insights into their complex behavior.
Circularly Polarized Perovskite Photodetector with Photocurrent Dissymmetry Factors of up to 1.95 Enabled by Liquid Crystal
Authors: Feng Yifan , Gao Guanfeng , Wen Xuebing , Chen Zekai , Huang Jiaqi , Yang Chao , Jiang Xiao‐Fang , Polavarapu Lakshminarayana , Zhou Guofu , Hu Xiaowen 
Published: February 2025

AbstractConventional circularly polarized light (CPL) detectors face a grand challenge with device integration and miniaturization because of the need for complex optical components. Chiral perovskites have recently emerged as interesting materials for CPL detectors that do not require additional optical elements but struggle to achieve a high photocurrent dissymmetry factor (gIph). Herein, a simple and promising strategy is reported for high‐performance circularly polarized perovskite photodetectors (CP‐PPDs) with exceptionally high gIph. The CP‐PPDs are fabricated using perovskite single crystals in combination with free‐standing cholesteric liquid crystal polymer films (P‐CLC) that empower the device to trigger an optically selective response. By tuning the photonic bandgap of the P‐CLC film, the spectral response of the CP‐PPDs is tunable over a broad range of wavelengths. The devices show detectivities of 6.8 × 1013 and 5.1 × 1013 Jones at 520 and 405 nm, respectively. Importantly, the PDs exhibit high  gIph factors of up to 1.95 at 520 nm, which is the highest reported to date for CP‐PPDs. Furthermore, as a proof‐of‐concept, CP‐PPD arrays are demonstrated for use in image sensing.
Kosmotropic Anions‐Intensified Proline Additive Enabling Highly Stable Zn Anodes
Authors: Zeng Juan , Dong Liubing , Guo Xin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDespite the conspicuous merits of Zn metal anodes, the commercialization of Zn anode‐based electrochemical energy storage devices is still constrained by uncontrollable dendrite growth and serious parasitic reactions. Herein, an innovative strategy of employing kosmotropic anions‐intensified proline additive to regulate the Zn2+ solvation structure and manipulate the Zn deposition interface, thus achieving highly stable Zn anodes, is proposed. The key to this strategy lies in ingeniously utilizing kosmotropic SO42− anions to enhance the affinity of proline adsorption layer on the Zn anodes and weaken the solvation of Zn2+. Consequently, Zn anodes in the proline‐containing ZnSO4 (ZnSO4‐proline) electrolyte deliver a remarkable lifespan over 2600 h at 1.0 mA cm−2 and 1.0 mAh cm−2. Even under a harsh plating/stripping condition (10 mA cm−2 and 10 mAh cm−2), Zn anodes in the ZnSO4‐proline electrolyte stably operate for 650 h. Meanwhile, the Coulombic efficiency of Zn plating/stripping in the designed electrolyte is as high as 99.9% over 1100 cycles. The ZnSO4‐proline electrolyte endows Zn‐ion batteries and Zn‐ion hybrid capacitors with notably optimized long‐term cycling stability. This work is expected to be of immediate benefit to design low‐cost Zn‐based energy storage systems with ultra‐long lifespan.
Dielectric Increment of Electrolytes Mediated by Ion Association for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Fan Xiao‐Zhong , Liu Meng , Zhang Jin‐Hao , Yao Nan , Zhou Xiao‐He , Fedotov Stanislav S. , Song Ying‐Ze , Chen Xiang , Zhang Yue‐Zhou , Kong Long 
Published: February 2025

AbstractElectrolyte engineering for long‐lifespan alkali‐based batteries focuses on modulating the solvation structure to build the electrode/electrolyte interface and dictate interfacial reactions. Previous strategies have relied on increasing the salt concentration to introduce the anion‐derived solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) for considerable interfacial stability, but these strategies are restricted by the poor solubility of film‐forming salts in weak solvation electrolytes. Herein, a dielectric increment of weak solvation electrolytes based on the ion dissociation and association chemistry is proposed to realize the high salt solubility. Differing from the dielectric decrement with the addition of salts in strong solvation electrolytes owing to reduced free solvents, the dielectric increment in weak solvation electrolytes is a result of the surplus dielectric polarization of contact ion pairs (CIPs). As a demonstration in salt‐concentration‐sensitive lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries, CIPs facilitate the high solubility of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and promote the Li2S2/Li2S nucleation. The CIP‐induced dielectric increment of electrolytes yields 96% capacity retention after 175 cycles at 0.2 C in the Li–S cell. This underexplored strategy provides effective guidelines for the design of dielectric‐constant‐mediated electrolytes for alkali‐based battery applications.
Emerging Materials and Computing Paradigms for Temporal Signal Analysis
Authors: Zhang Teng , Wozniak Stanislaw , Syed Ghazi Sarwat , Mannocci Piergiulio , Farronato Matteo , Ielmini Daniele , Sebastian Abu , Yang Yuchao 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn the era of relentless data generation and dynamic information streams, the demand for efficient and robust temporal signal analysis has intensified across diverse domains such as healthcare, finance, and telecommunications. This perspective study explores the unfolding landscape of emerging materials and computing paradigms that are reshaping the way temporal signals are analyzed and interpreted. Traditional signal processing techniques often fall short when confronted with the intricacies of time‐varying data, prompting the exploration of innovative approaches. The rise of emerging materials and devices empowers real‐time analysis by processing temporal signals in situ, mitigating latency concerns. Through this perspective, the untapped potential of emerging materials and computing paradigms for temporal signal analysis is highlighted, offering valuable insights into both challenges and opportunities. Standing on the cusp of a new era in computing, understanding and harnessing these paradigms is pivotal for unraveling the complexities embedded within the temporal dimensions of data, propelling signal analysis into realms previously deemed inaccessible.
Chemical Tomography of Cancer Organoids and Cyto‐Proteo‐Genomic Development Stages Through Chemical Communication Signals
Authors: Maity Arnab , Maidantchik Vivian Darsa , Weidenfeld Keren , Larisch Sarit , Barkan Dalit , Haick Hossam 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOrganoids mimic human organ function, offering insights into development and disease. However, non‐destructive, real‐time monitoring is lacking, as traditional methods are often costly, destructive, and low‐throughput. In this article, a non‐destructive chemical tomographic strategy is presented for decoding cyto‐proteo‐genomics of organoid using volatile signaling molecules, hereby, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), to indicate metabolic activity and development of organoids. Combining a hierarchical design of graphene‐based sensor arrays with AI‐driven analysis, this method maps VOC spatiotemporal distribution and generate detailed digital profiles of organoid morphology and proteo‐genomic features. Lens‐ and label‐free, it avoids phototoxicity, distortion, and environmental disruption. Results from testing organoids with the reported chemical tomography approach demonstrate effective differentiation between cyto‐proteo‐genomic profiles of normal and diseased states, particularly during dynamic transitions such as epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). Additionally, the reported approach identifies key VOC‐related biochemical pathways, metabolic markers, and pathways associated with cancerous transformations such as aromatic acid degradation and lipid metabolism. This real‐time, non‐destructive approach captures subtle genetic and structural variations with high sensitivity and specificity, providing a robust platform for multi‐omics integration and advancing cancer biomarker discovery.
4.2 V O3‐Layered Cathodes in Sodium‐Ion Pouch Cells Enabled by an Intermolecular‐Reinforced Ether Electrolyte
Authors: Cui Xinke , Ding Shuicen , Niu Yaoshen , Wang Hongkang , Lu Yaxiang , Hu Yongsheng , Xue Weijiang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTo fulfill the requirements for practical applications, it is urgent to boost the gravimetric energy density of sodium‐ion batteries. An effective way is to increase the charging voltage of O3‐type layered cathodes preferably to 4.2 V versus Na/Na+ (VNa). Nevertheless, it is extremely challenging to achieve stable cycling of the cathodes at such a high cut‐off voltage. Here a novel electrolyte strategy to design an intermolecular‐reinforced electrolyte (IRE) is presented, utilizing meticulously protected ether molecules, which facilitates stable high‐voltage cycling of the commercially viable NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2 (NFM). While the NFM with the IRE exhibits a high specific capacity of ≈158 mAh g−1 at 4.2 VNa (130 mAh g−1 at 4.0 VNa), the aggressive cathode surface can still be effectively stabilized by the formation of favorable thin and inorganic‐rich cathode−electrolyte interfaces. Remarkably, under a high cut‐off voltage of 4.2 VNa, an industrial ampere‐hour‐level NFM||hard carbon pouch cell with the IRE electrolyte shows an excellent long‐term cycling stability with 82.8% capacity retention after 800 cycles, largely outperforming the localized high‐concentration electrolyte (82.9% after 200 cycles).
Photo‐Induced Bandgap Engineering of Metal Halide Perovskite Quantum Dots In Flow
Authors: Jha Pragyan , Mukhin Nikolai , Ghorai Arup , Morshedian Hamed , Canty Richard B. , Delgado‐Licona Fernando , Brown Emily E. , Pyrch Austin J. , Castellano Felix N. , Abolhasani Milad 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOver the past decade, lead halide perovskite (LHP) nanocrystals (NCs) have attracted significant attention due to their tunable optoelectronic properties for next‐generation printed photonic and electronic devices. High‐energy photons in the presence of haloalkanes provide a scalable and sustainable pathway for precise bandgap engineering of LHP NCs via photo‐induced anion exchange reaction (PIAER) facilitated by in situ generated halide anions. However, the mechanisms driving photo‐induced bandgap engineering in LHP NCs remain not fully understood. This study elucidates the underlying PIAER mechanisms of LHP NCs through an advanced microfluidic platform. Additionally, the first instance of a PIAER, transforming CsPbBr3 NCs into high‐performing CsPbI3 NCs, with the assistance of a thiol‐based additive is reported. Utilizing an intensified photo‐flow microreactor accelerates the anion exchange rate 3.5‐fold, reducing material consumption 100‐fold compared to conventional batch processes. It is demonstrated that CsPbBr3 NCs act as photocatalysts, driving oxidative bond cleavage in dichloromethane and promoting the photodissociation of 1‐iodopropane using high‐energy photons. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that a thiol‐based additive plays a dual role: surface passivation, which enhances the photoluminescence quantum yield, and facilitates the PIAER. These findings pave the way for the tailored design of perovskite‐based optoelectronic materials.
Control Over Metal‐Halide Reactivity Enables Uniform Growth of InSb Colloidal Quantum Dots for Enhanced SWIR Light Detection
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Kim Da Bin , Xia Pan , Villanueva Francisco Yarur , Rehl Benjamin , Pina Joao M. , Liu Yanjiang , Zhang Yangning , Voznyy Oleksandr , Kumacheva Eugenia , Hoogland Sjoerd , Sargent Edward H. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractInSb colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) hold promise in short‐wave infrared sensing; however, their synthesis presents ongoing challenges, particularly in achieving precise size control – this is the result of poorly controlled reactivity among the precursors. Herein, the use of alkyl‐phosphine and amine‐based organic additives to control the reactivity of In and Sb precursors during the nucleation and growth of CQDs is developed. This interplay between organic additive and precursors enables the synthesis of InSb CQDs having narrowed size distributions; and bandgaps tunable across the 1.2–1.5 µm spectral range; all this leading to peak‐to‐valley ratios >1.4 in absorption spectra. The CQDs are surface‐terminated with a mixture of oleylamine, halides, and oxide‐like species, and this hinders ligand exchange reactions and subsequent integration into photodiodes. We therefore resurface the CQDs with alkanethiols, displacing the native ligands via an acid‐base mechanism, an approach that removes oxide species. Using a layer‐by‐layer fabrication process, the ligands of the resurfaced InSb CQDs are exchanged with short organic and halide ligands and incorporated films into n‐i‐p photodiode structures. The resultant devices exhibit a detectivity of 10¹2 Jones, an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 33% at 1380 nm, and T90 operating stability of >19 h under continuous illuminated operation.
Integrating PtCo Intermetallic with Highly Graphitized Carbon Toward Durable Oxygen Electroreduction in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Wu Bing , Yang Haolan , Li Longbin , Tang Xiannong , Wu Yonggan , Huang Bingyu , Lützenkirchen‐Hecht Dirk , Qiu Ming , Yuan Kai , Chen Yiwang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractExploiting robust and high‐efficiency electrocatalysts for sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is essential for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) toward long‐term operation for practical applications, yet remains challenging. Herein, the ordered PtCo intermetallic is reported with a Pt‐rich shell loaded on a highly graphitized carbon carrier (O‐PtCo@GCoNC) prepared by an impregnation annealing strategy. Systematic X‐ray spectroscopic, operando electrochemical techniques and theoretical calculations reveal that thanks to the synergistic interaction of the core–shell PtCo intermetallic structure with a tailor‐made Pt electronic configuration and highly graphitized carbon, O‐PtCo@GCoNC exhibits significantly enhanced activity and stability toward ORR. Crucially, O‐PtCo@GCoNC delivers a much‐enhanced mass activity of 0.83 A mgPt−1 at 0.9 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) in 0.1 m HClO4, which only drops by 26.5% after 70 000 cycles (0.6–1.0 V vs RHE), and 10.8% after 10 000 cycles (1.0–1.5 V vs RHE), apparently overmatching Pt/C (0.19 A mgPt−1, 73.7%, and 63.1%). Moreover, O‐PtCo@GCoNC employed as the cathode catalyst in H2/air PEMFC achieves a superb peak power density (1.04 W cm−2 at 2.06 A cm−2), outperforming that of Pt/C (0.86 W cm−2 at 1.79 A cm−2). The cell voltage loss at 0.8 A cm−2 is 28 mV after 30 000 cycles, outstripping the United States Department of Energy 2025 target.
Recent Advances in Iodine‐Mediated Radical Reactions
Authors: Yang Wen , Guo Jian , Hee Samual , Chen Yu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOver the past two decades, iodine‐mediated free radical reactions have been extensively explored and employed in chemical transformations that complement traditional ionic reactions. In this review, we have updated the progress of the iodine‐mediated radical reactions in organic synthesis reported between 2015 and mid‐2024, and organized the reactions according to their mechanistic pathways. In general, the proposed mechanisms can be divided into four categories based on the radical initiation or its preceding steps, namely, (1) formation of a covalent X−I (X=C, N, S, Se) bond, which subsequently participates in a radical reaction; (2) formation of a noncovalent N⋅⋅⋅I bond, which assists the homolysis of the I−I bond; (3) formation of the key iodine radicals by visible‐light or heat induced homolysis of I2 or by electrochemical oxidation of iodide; (4) iodine induced peroxide decomposition via single electron transfer (SET) mechanism to generate alkoxy or alkyl peroxy radicals. We hope this review will provide readers with a comprehensive update on the iodine‐mediated radical reactions, thereby further inspiring more exciting advances in this emerging field.
Ultrafine‐Mn‐Loaded N,O‐Doped Nanocarbon via Mott‒Schottky Effect for Photo‐Enhanced Antibacterial Therapy and Wound Healing
Authors: Jiang Xueyu , Zeng Fanwei , Li Yan , Yi Yang , Tang Xiaodong , Lu Ang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBacterial infections are one of the greatest threats to wound healing, and microbial resistance has increased the demand for new antimicrobial dressings. Artificial nanozymes possess myriad considerable advantages, including low cost and high activity, for targeted biological treatments. Despite significant efforts made in nanozyme engineering, significant challenge remains that their catalytic performance is far from satisfactory in wound treatment. Herein, based on biowaste valorisation, we propose a sustainable and efficient strategy to synthesize an ultrafine‐Mn‐loaded (3.0 ± 1 nm) N,O‐doped porous nanocarbons (Mn‐PNCs) nanozyme via the Mott−Schottky effect. The nanozyme achieves mid‐temperature (45.8°C) and superior photothermal conversion efficiency (77.62%), photothermally enhanced peroxidase‐like activity that contributes to the effective treatment of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus‐infected wounds. The photo‐enzyme platform further reduced the inflammatory response, normalized epidermal tissue regeneration, and accelerated wound healing. Notably, the mechanism demonstrated that this Mott−Schottky catalyst can trigger the rapid transfer of electrons to release reactive oxygen species (ROS) species, as a heterojunction system is strongly capable of changing the electron density within the metal. Under photothermal induction, the Mott–Schottky contact can be used to fabricate other polysaccharide‐derived nanozymes in tissue engineering, or on the high‐value application of biomass resources.
Herbivory exacerbates pollen limitation by isolating unconsumed plants from prospective mates
Authors: Beck Jared J. , Wagenius Stuart 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPremiseHerbivores directly influence plant reproduction by damaging reproductive tissue which reduces seed production in consumed plants. Consumption of reproductive tissue may also indirectly depress reproduction in unconsumed plants by isolating unconsumed individuals from prospective mates and reducing pollination. However, empirical support for such hypothesized indirect effects remains limited.MethodsTo investigate potential indirect effects of herbivory on mating opportunities and pollination, we quantified spatial patterns of white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) herbivory and reproductive outcomes in Lilium philadelphicum (Liliaceae). We mapped 708 flowering plants, monitored deer herbivory, and examined how distance to prospective mates influenced rates of ovule fertilization, a proxy for pollen receipt.ResultsMost flowering L. philadelphicum plants (83%) failed to produce seed. Deer consumption of flowers prevented seed production in 35% of individuals. The probability of deer herbivory declined with distance to flowering conspecifics. Sixty‐five percent of the remaining, unconsumed plants failed to produce seed due to apparent pollen limitation. While ovule fertilization rates declined with multiple predictors quantifying distances to flowering conspecifics, isolation metrics that excluded plants consumed by deer significantly improved predictions of ovule fertilization.ConclusionsOur results offer empirical support for the hypothesis that herbivory reduces pollination and seed production in unconsumed plants by altering spatial mating opportunities. This feedback between deer herbivory and distance‐dependent pollination contributes to widespread reproductive failure in L. philadelphicum, though the extent to which deer reduce seed production varies with plant isolation. Herbivory may exacerbate pollen limitation in other species by isolating unconsumed plants from prospective mates.