bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Phthalimido or Succinimido [2‐aryl‐4‐oxo‐3‐{2‐phenyl‐4 (3H)‐quinazolinon‐3‐yl}‐1,3‐thiazolidin‐5‐yl]ethanoate.
Authors: Sharma Shweta , Sharma Chirag , Thadhaney Bhawana , Talesara G. L. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed [3 + 3]‐Annulation of Azomethine Imines with Propargyl Esters.
Authors: Shapiro Nathan D. , Shi Yun , Toste F. Dean 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Study of Friedel—Crafts Acylation and Baeyer—Villiger Oxidation Reactions on Benzocycloheptanones and 1‐Tetralones in Acid Media.
Authors: Peesapati Venkateswarlu , Bathini Srinivas 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Biaryl Pentacyclic Quinolonoquinoxalino‐oxazocines in Aqueous Medium Using Amberlite IRA 402(OH).
Authors: Paira Priyankar , Paira Rupankar , Hazra Abhijit , Sahu Krishnendu B. , Naskar Subhendu , Saha Pritam , Mondal Shyamal , Maity Arindam , Banerjee Sukdeb , Mondal Nirup B. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Truncated Fluorocyclopentenyl Pyrimidines as S‐Adenosylhomocysteine Hydrolase Inhibitors.
Authors: Park Yeon Hee , Choi Won Jun , Tipnis Amol S. , Lee Kang Man , Jeong Lak Shin 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cooliatin, an Unprecedented Natural Dioxocyclononane from Dinoflagellate Coolia monotis from South China Sea.
Authors: Liang Ji‐Lin , Long Li‐Juan , Zhang Si , Wu Jun 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of (+)‐Virgatusin via AlCl3‐Catalyzed [3 + 2] Cycloaddition.
Authors: Sanders Shanina D. , Ruiz‐Olalla Andrea , Johnson Jeffrey S. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: ZnO Nanostructures for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Qifeng , Dandeneau Christopher S. , Zhou Xiaoyuan , Cao Guozhong 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbenes and Nitrenes
Authors: Christlieb M. , Gras E. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Modeling of Receptors of Physiologically Active Compounds for Medicinal Chemistry Purposes
Authors: Baskin I. I. , Palyulin V. A. , Zefirov N. S. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Patterned assembly and neurogenesis in the chick dorsal root ganglion
Authors: George Lynn , Kasemeier‐Kulesa Jennifer , Nelson Branden R. , Koyano‐Nakagawa Naoko , Lefcort Frances 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe birth of small‐diameter TrkA+ neurons that mediate pain and thermoreception begins ≈24 hours after the cessation of neural crest cell migration from progenitors residing in the nascent dorsal root ganglion. Although multiple geographically distinct progenitor pools have been proposed, this study is the first to comprehensively characterize the derivation of small‐diameter neurons. In the developing chick embryo we identify novel patterns in neural crest cell migration and colonization that sculpt the incipient ganglion into a postmitotic neuronal core encapsulated by a layer of proliferative progenitor cells. Furthermore, we show that this outer progenitor layer is composed of three spatially, temporally, and molecularly distinct progenitor zones, two of which give rise to distinct populations of TrkA+ neurons. J. Comp. Neurol. 518:405–422, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cystic papillary thyroid carcinoma in fine needle aspiration may represent a subset of the encapsulated variant in WHO classification
Authors: Yang Grace C. H. , Stern Connie M. , Messina Albert V. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis study audits the reliability of ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) in excluding papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in thyroid cysts containing mural nodules, and investigates the histological counterpart of cystic PTC diagnosed on FNA. Using a 10–5 MHz ultrasound probe and a 27‐gauge needle, solid portions of thyroid nodules were sampled and assessed immediately using both Diff‐Quik and Ultrafast Papanicolaou stains. Unlike usual PTCs that demonstrate hypercellularity, the aspirates of cystic PTC showed low cellularity and consisted of papillae with atypical nuclei scattered in abundant thin colloid. Over a period of 13 years, histological follow‐up was obtained from 11 women and 6 men in whom cystic PTC was reported on FNA. This represented 4.4% of 383 cases of PTC reported and 0.25% of all thyroid FNAs performed. In all 17 cases, histopathology showed encapsulated PTC in various stages of cystic degeneration. Sonography correlated well with histopathology, where findings ranged from cysts with small mural nodules to solid nodules with pockets of thin colloid. In 87 patients with thyroid cysts containing mural nodules, FNA findings were benign, as was clinical follow‐up that ranged from 1 to 12 years. In conclusion, ultrasound‐guided FNA, if performed in the manner described, can reliably distinguish cystic PTC from a benign cyst with a mural nodule. Cystic PTC on FNA in this series correlates to a subset of the encapsulated variant of PTC, an entity described in the 1988 WHO Histological Typing of Thyroid Tumours in the good prognostic category. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010;38:721–726. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular Multi‐Wavelength Optical Anion Sensors
Authors: Siebler Daniel , Förster Christoph , Heinze Katja 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPolychromatic fingerprinting of simple anions (halides, oxo anions) is achieved by employing neutral and charged multicolor fluorescent probes based on ferrocene‐spaced dansyl and naphthyl groups (1/1+; 2/2+). The conformation of the neutral double dye sensor 2 has been elucidated by NMR spectroscopic techniques (in solution), by X‐ray crystallography (solid state) and by DFT calculations (gas phase). The double‐dye receptors 2/2+ exhibit specific emission responses in the presence of anions X– when excited at the absorption maxima of the dyes (fingerprint).
Improved peak capacity for CE separations of enzyme inhibitors with activity‐based detection using magnetic bead microreactors
Authors: Yan Xiaoyan , Gilman S. Douglass 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA technique for separating and detecting enzyme inhibitors was developed using CE with an enzyme microreactor. The on‐column enzyme microreactor was constructed using NdFeB magnet(s) to immobilize alkaline phosphatase‐coated superparamagnetic beads (2.8 μm diameter) inside a capillary before the detection window. Enzyme inhibition assays were performed by injecting a plug of inhibitor into a capillary filled with the substrate, AttoPhos. Product generated in the enzyme microreactor was detected by LIF. Inhibitor zones electrophoresed through the capillary, passed through the enzyme microreactor, and were observed as negative peaks due to decreased product formation. The goal of this study was to improve peak capacities for inhibitor separations relative to previous studies, which combined continuous engagement electrophoretically mediated microanalysis and transient engagement electrophoretically mediated microanalysis to study enzyme inhibition. The effects of electric field strength, bead injection time and inhibitor concentrations on peak capacity and peak width were investigated. Peak capacities were increased to ≥20 under optimal conditions of electric field strength and bead injection time for inhibition assays with arsenate and theophylline. Five reversible inhibitors of alkaline phosphatase (theophylline, vanadate, arsenate, L‐tryptophan and tungstate) were separated and detected to demonstrate the ability of this technique to analyze complex inhibitor mixtures.
A sensitive method for simultaneous determination of four macrolides by CE with electrochemiluminescence detection and its applications in human urine and tablets
Authors: Liu Yan‐Ming , Shi Yan‐Mei , Liu Zhuan‐Li , Tian Wei 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA sensitive method for simultaneous determination of azithromycin (AZI), acetylspiramycin (ACE), erythromycin (ERY), and josamycin (JOS) was developed by CE coupled with electrochemiluminescence detection with Ru(bpy)32+. The parameters related to separation and detection were investigated in detail. The four macrolides were well separated and detected within 6 min under the optimized conditions. The LOD (S/N=3) of AZI, ACE, ERY, and JOS were 1.2×10−9, 7.1×10−9, 3.9×10−8 and 9.5×10−8 mol/L, respectively. The LOQ (S/N=10) of AZI, ACE, ERY, and JOS in human urine were 8.2×10−8, 2.5×10−7, 8.9×10−7 and 1.2×10−6 mol/L, respectively. The recoveries of the four macrolides in human urine and pharmaceutical tablet samples were 85.0–104.0% at different concentration levels.
Continuous intact cell detection and viability determination by CE with dual‐wavelength detection
Authors: Ren Xiaomin , Qu Feng , Zhang Lu , Ding Jinmei , Liu Qingsheng 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWe introduce here a method for continuous intact cell detection and viability determination of individual trypan blue stained cells by CE with ultraviolet–visible dual‐wavelength detection. To avoid cell aggregation or damage during electrophoresis, cells after staining were fixed with 4% formaldehyde and were continuously introduced into the capillary by EOF. The absorbance of a cell at 590 nm was used to determine its viability. An absorbance of two milli‐absorbance unit at 590 nm was the clear cut‐off point for living and dead Hela cells in our experiments. Good viability correlation between the conventional trypan blue staining assay and our established CE method (correlation coefficient, R2=0.9623) was demonstrated by analysis of cell mixtures with varying proportions of living and dead cells. The CE method was also used to analyze the cytotoxicity of methylmercury, and the results were in good agreement with the trypan blue staining assay and 3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazyl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2H‐tetrazolium bromide methods. Compared with the 3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazyl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2H‐tetrazolium bromide method, our established CE method can be easily automated to report cell viability based on the state of individual cells. Tedious manual cell counting and human error due to investigator bias can be avoided by using this method.
High‐throughput negative detection of SDS‐PAGE separated proteins and its application for proteomics
Authors: Cong Wei‐Tao , Hwang Sun‐Young , Jin Li‐Tai , He Hong‐Zhang , Choi Jung‐Kap 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA negative detection method for proteins on SDS‐PAGE is described. In this method, Eosin Y (EY) was selectively precipitated in the gel background, which is absent from those zones where proteins are located through the formation of a stable water‐soluble protein–dye complex. Negative staining of proteins using EY, allows high‐sensitivity, low‐cost, and simple protocol. The new described method takes less than an hour to complete all the protocol, with a detection limit of 0.5 ng of single protein band. Comparing with imidazole‐zinc negative stain, EY dye provides broader linear dynamic range, higher sensitivity and reproducibility, and better obvious contrast between the protein bands or spots and background. Furthermore, the novel technique developed here presented a real practical method for simultaneous processing of multiple gels, which makes it possible to perform high‐throughput staining for proteome research. Additionally, we have also compared the influence of staining method on the quality of mass spectra by PMF.
Ontogeny of Ctenitis melanosticta (Kunze) Copel. and Diplazium expansumWilld. (Dryopteridaceae) fronds with emphasis on the circumendodermal sheath
Authors: Hernández‐Hernández V. , Terrazas T. , Stevenson D. Wm. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe ontogeny of Ctenitis melanosticta (Kunze) Copel. and Diplazium expansum Willd. fronds was studied with the main goals to determine if continuous and discontinuous sheaths (bands in tranverse section) have the same origin in parenchyma cells. Frond ontogeny was followed from the crozier (fiddlehead) to the mature frond. Differentiation of the sheath begins during the crozier stage a few centimeters from the base of the stipe. As seen in transverse section, band differentiation occurs in the innermost parenchyma cells of the ground tissue, which surrounds the vascular strands of each vascular bundle of a multiple leaf trace. Based on its position and origin, it is named circumendodermal band (sheath in three dimensions) and the discontinuous form is designated “perforated sheath”. The circumendodermal band and the endodermis arise from parenchyma cells. Both the continuous circumendodermal band in C. melanosticta and the discontinuous circumendodermal band in D. expansum differentiate from ground parenchyma cells surrounding each vascular bundle. In the lamina of C. melanosticta, the circumendodermal band differentiates when frond is fertile and in the lamina of D. expansum, it never differentiates. The circumendodermal band traits are not related to plant size, but to number of vascular strands. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
What's the best statistic for a simple test of genetic association in a case‐control study?
Authors: Kuo Chia‐Ling , Feingold Eleanor 
Published: December 2009

AbstractGenome‐wide genetic association studies typically start with univariate statistical tests of each marker. In principle, this single‐SNP scanning is statistically straightforward—the testing is done with standard methods (e.g. χ2 tests, regression) that have been well studied for decades. However, a number of different tests and testing procedures can be used. In a case‐control study, one can use a 1 df allele‐based test, a 1 or 2 df genotype‐based test, or a compound procedure that combines two or more of these statistics. Additionally, most of the tests can be performed with or without covariates included in the model. While there are a number of statistical papers that make power comparisons among subsets of these methods, none has comprehensively tackled the question of which of the methods in common use is best suited to univariate scanning in a genome‐wide association study. In this paper, we consider a wide variety of realistic test procedures, and first compare the power of the different procedures to detect a single locus under different genetic models. We then address the question of whether or when it is a good idea to include covariates in the analysis. We conclude that the most commonly used approach to handle covariates—modeling covariate main effects but not interactions—is almost never a good idea. Finally, we consider the performance of the statistics in a genome scan context. Genet. Epidemiol. 34: 246–253, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Osseointegration into a novel titanium foam implant in the distal femur of a rabbit
Authors: Willie Bettina M. , Yang Xu , Kelly Natalie H. , Merkow Justin , Gagne Shawn , Ware Robin , Wright Timothy M. , Bostrom Mathias P.G. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA novel porous titanium foam implant has recently been developed to enhance biological fixation of orthopaedic implants to bone. The aim of this study was to examine the mechanical and histological characteristics of bone apposition into two different pore sizes of this titanium foam (565 and 464 micron mean void intercept length) and to compare these characteristics to those obtained with a fully porous conventionally sintered titanium bead implant. Cylindrical implants were studied in a rabbit distal femoral intramedullary osseointegration model at time zero and at 3, 6, and 12 weeks. The amount of bone ingrowth, amount of periprosthetic bone, and mineral apposition rate of periprosthetic bone measured did not differ among the three implant designs at 3, 6, or 12 weeks. By 12 weeks, the interface stiffness and maximum load of the beaded implant was significantly greater than either foam implant. No significant difference was found in the interface stiffness or maximum load between the two foam implant designs at 3, 6, or 12 weeks. The lower compressive modulus of the foam compared to the more dense sintered beaded implants likely contributed to the difference in failure mode. However, the foam implants have a similar compressive modulus to other clinically successful coatings, suggesting they are nonetheless clinically adequate. Additional studies are required to confirm this in weight‐bearing models. Histological data suggest that these novel titanium foam implants are a promising alternative to current porous coatings and should be further investigated for clinical application in cementless joint replacement. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010
Antibacterial effects of 4‐META/MMA‐TBB resin containing chlorhexidine
Authors: Kwon Tae‐Yub , Hong Su‐Hyung , Kim Young Kyung , Kim Kyo‐Han 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis study evaluated the antibacterial effects of 4‐acryloyloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride/methyl methacrylate‐tri‐n‐butylborane (4‐META/MMA‐TBB) resin containing chlorhexidine (CHX) digluconate. The CHX was incorporated into the resins at varying concentrations from 0.0 (control) to 3.0%. The antibacterial effect of each resin against seven microorganisms was examined using agar diffusion tests. Growth inhibition of two streptococci was also tested in brain heart infusion (BHI) liquid broth containing each resin. Release of CHX was analyzed using HPLC, and enamel and dentin bond strengths of each resin were measured. In the agar diffusion tests, growth of all the microorganisms was inhibited by the resin specimens containing CHX at 1.0% or higher except for Enterococcus faecalis. There was greater sensitivity in Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus than in the other bacteria tested. Complete growth inhibition of these two streptococci was observed in BHI liquid broth containing 1.0–1.5% or greater CHX‐incorporated resin. According to HPLC analysis, 1.0% and 1.5% CHX‐containing resins released means of 3.63 and 8.59 μg/mL of CHX, respectively. Specimens with 0.5–1.5% and 0.5–2.0% CHX exhibited no significant reduction in enamel and dentin bond strengths, respectively, when compared to the control (p > 0.05). This in vitro study suggested that incorporation of 1.0–1.5% CHX digluconate into the 4‐META resin is optimal in terms of antibacterial effects and bond strength to the tooth. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010
Molecular and tissue responses in the healing of rat calvarial defects after local application of simvastatin combined with alpha tricalcium phosphate
Authors: Nyan Myat , Miyahara Takayuki , Noritake Kanako , Hao Jia , Rodriguez Reena , Kuroda Shinji , Kasugai Shohei 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWe have previously reported that healing of rat calvarial defects was enhanced by application of alpha tricalcium phosphate (αTCP) combined with simvastatin, a cholesterol synthesis inhibitor. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms in this phenomenon. Rat calvarial defects were grafted with αTCP with or without simvastatin or left untreated. Animals were sacrificed on 3, 7, 10, 14, and 21 days postoperatively and histological changes in the defect region were assessed. Gene expression patterns were examined by RT‐PCR. Proliferation and migration of osteoprogenitor cells from the dura mater were increased in simvastatin group from day 3 to day 10 (p < 0.01). New bone formation was significantly increased in simvastatin group on day 14 and day 21 (p < 0.01). BMP‐2 expression was significantly higher in simvastatin group on day 3 and day 14 (p < 0.05) and maintained until day 21. Increased upregulation of TGF‐β1 was also observed in the simvastatin group on day 7 (p < 0.05) which was maintained until day 14. These findings suggest that the proliferation and recruitment of osteoprogenitor cells were critical steps in early stage of bone healing and that these steps were enhanced by TGF‐β1 and BMP‐2, which were stimulated by simvastatin. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010