bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Adipocyte Necroptosis Alleviates Fat Necrosis and Fibrosis After Grafting in a Murine Model
Authors: Liu Xu , Yao Yao , Zhu Yufan , Lu Feng , Chen Xihang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Because of the delicate structure of the adipose tissue, fat necrosis accounts for 43.7% of all complications after autologous fat grafting; however, its regulation remains unclear.

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to examine the role of necroptosis in fat graft remodeling after grafting.

Methods
Clinical fat graft necrosis samples were collected, and the expression levels of the necroptosis marker phosphorylated(p)-MLKL were analyzed. Transcriptome analysis was performed on fat grafts before and 1 week after transplantation in C57BL/6 mouse fat grafting models. Additionally, the in vivo effects of RIPK1 inhibitor Nec-1s or RIPK3 inhibitor GSK′872 on the fat grafting complications, including fat necrosis and fibrosis, were investigated.

Results
Necroptosis markers were observed and associated with higher occurrence of fibrosis in clinical fat graft necrosis samples compared to normal fat tissue. Amplification and RNA-Seq were conducted on RNA isolated from fat grafts before and after grafting. MLKL, RIPK1, and RIPK3's expression levels were significantly upregulated in comparison to controls. Higher expression levels of necroptotic RNAs were associated with higher levels of DAMPs, including Cxcl2, HMGB1, S100a8, S100a9, Nlrp3, and IL33, and activated proinflammatory signaling pathways, including the TNF, NF-kappa B, and chemokine signaling pathways. Necroptotic inhibitor Nec-1s and GSK′872 robustly suppressed the p-MLKL expression level and significantly inhibited necroptotic cell death, especially in adipocytes. Moreover, administration of Nec-1s and GSK′872 significantly alleviated fat necrosis and subsequent fibrosis in fat grafts.

Conclusions
Collectively, our study findings highlight the potential therapeutic applications of necroptosis inhibitors in preventing fat necrosis and fibrosis after grafting.

Level of Evidence: 4
Patient Satisfaction and Bleeding Rates Following an Introital Fascial Approach for Temporary and Permanent Hymenoplasty Techniques: A Comparative Study
Authors: Dogan Ozan , Ucar Kartal Duygu , Aktoz Fatih , Yassa Murat 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Bleeding during first sexual intercourse represents a significant sociocultural concern with potential implications for some couples.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to introduce a novel modification to temporary and permanent hymenoplasty and evaluate both the objective and subjective success of defined techniques by assessing surgical outcomes and patient satisfaction with either temporary or permanent hymenoplasty procedures.

Methods
A retrospective study of 246 patients was conducted between 2015 and 2023. Various parameters, including age, sexual history, pregnancies, BMI, and bleeding satisfaction, were assessed. Pain at first intercourse was rated on a visual analog scale (VAS).

Results
The age at the time of operation was significantly lower in patients undergoing permanent hymenoplasty compared with those undergoing temporary hymenoplasty (24.0 years [interquartile range (IQR), 22.0-26.0 years] vs 27.0 years [IQR, 26.0-29.0 years]; P &lt; .001). Patients undergoing permanent hymenoplasty reported significantly lower VAS scores at first sexual intercourse compared with those undergoing temporary hymenoplasty (4.0 [IQR, 2.0-5.0] vs 7.0 [IQR, 6.0-7.0]; P &lt; .001]. Satisfaction rates were high in both groups, with all temporary hymenoplasty patients satisfied with duration of bleeding compared with 78.6% (110/140) of permanent hymenoplasty patients (P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
This study introduces a novel modified temporary and permanent hymenoplasty technique to the literature and provides the first video documentation for both temporary and permanent hymenoplasty procedures. Both hymenoplasty techniques are effective and reliable. However, temporary hymenoplasty is associated with a higher bleeding rate than permanent hymenoplasty, despite resulting in higher VAS scores.

Level of Evidence: 3
Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides, L.) pulp oil prevents ultraviolet-induced damage in human fibroblasts
Authors: Okamoto Takuya , Nakashima Fumie , Shibata Takahiro , Mori Daisuke 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Seabuckthorn pulp oil (SBO) is used in beauty products because of its rich lipophilic substances with high nutraceutical and cosmeceutical potential. However, the mechanism through which SBO enhances skin elasticity remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, we examined the anti-photoaging activity of SBO in normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Pretreatment with SBO significantly suppressed UV-B-induced cell toxicity and collagen degradation, suggesting that SBO contains anti-photoaging substances. Further, palmitoleic acid, the main component of SBO, maintained cell viability and collagen levels in UV-B-irradiated NHDF by suppressing the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 1 and acted on the inhibition of p38 and JNK phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B. These findings suggest the utility of SBO as an anti-photoaging agent.
Predicting RNA polymerase II transcriptional elongation pausing and associated histone code
Authors: Ren Lixin , Ma Wanbiao , Wang Yong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
RNA Polymerase II (Pol II) transcriptional elongation pausing is an integral part of the dynamic regulation of gene transcription in the genome of metazoans. It plays a pivotal role in many vital biological processes and disease progression. However, experimentally measuring genome-wide Pol II pausing is technically challenging and the precise governing mechanism underlying this process is not fully understood. Here, we develop RP3 (RNA Polymerase II Pausing Prediction), a network regularized logistic regression machine learning method, to predict Pol II pausing events by integrating genome sequence, histone modification, gene expression, chromatin accessibility, and protein–protein interaction data. RP3 can accurately predict Pol II pausing in diverse cellular contexts and unveil the transcription factors that are associated with the Pol II pausing machinery. Furthermore, we utilize a forward feature selection framework to systematically identify the combination of histone modification signals associated with Pol II pausing. RP3 is freely available at https://github.com/AMSSwanglab/RP3.
Peak wall rupture index is associated with risk of rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysms, independent of size and sex
Authors: Siika Antti , Talvitie Mareia , Lindquist Liljeqvist Moritz , Bogdanovic Marko , Gasser T Christian , Hultgren Rebecka , Roy Joy 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Information on the predictive determinants of abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture from CT angiography are scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate biomechanical parameters in abdominal aortic aneurysms and their association with risk of subsequent rupture.

Methods
In this retrospective study, the digital radiological archive was searched for 363 patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms. All patients who underwent at least one CT angiography examination before aneurysm rupture were included. CT angiography results were analysed to determine maximum aneurysm diameter, aneurysm volume, and biomechanical parameters (peak wall stress and peak wall rupture index). In the primary survival analysis, patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms less than 70 mm were considered. Sensitivity analyses including control patients and abdominal aortic aneurysms of all sizes were performed.

Results
A total of 67 patients who underwent 109 CT angiography examinations before aneurysm rupture were identified. The majority were men (47, 70%) and the median age at the time of CTA examination was 77 (71–83) years. The median maximum aneurysm diameter was 56 (interquartile range 46–65) mm and the median time to rupture was 2.13 (interquartile range 0.64–4.72) years. In univariable analysis, maximum aneurysm diameter, aneurysm volume, peak wall stress, and peak wall rupture index were all associated with risk of rupture. Women had an increased HR for rupture when adjusted for maximum aneurysm diameter or aneurysm volume (HR 2.16, 95% c.i. 1.23 to 3.78 (P = 0.007) and HR 1.92, 95% c.i. 1.06 to 3.50 (P = 0.033) respectively). In multivariable analysis, the peak wall rupture index was associated with risk of rupture. The HR for peak wall rupture index was 1.05 (95% c.i. 1.03 to 1.08) per % (P &lt; 0.001) when adjusted for maximum aneurysm diameter and 1.05 (95% c.i. 1.02 to 1.08) per % (P &lt; 0.001) when adjusted for aneurysm volume.

Conclusion
Biomechanical factors appear to be important in the prediction of abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture. Women are at increased risk of rupture when adjustments are made for maximum aneurysm diameter alone.
Adapting across Borders: Experiences of Hong Kong Social Workers in England—Navigating Challenges and Fostering Professional Growth through Cultural Adaptation and Continuing Professional Development
Authors: Chan Ka Ki 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the experiences of overseas-qualified Hong Kong social workers in England, specifically focusing on the challenges they encounter while preparing for or working in the social work sector and the strategies they employ to navigate these challenges within the unique English social context. It offers valuable background information for comprehending the journeys of migrant Hong Kong social workers as they transition into a new social work environment. Using qualitative enquiry, ten experienced Hong Kong social workers, who had moved to England in 2021, were selected as participants. This study contributes significantly to the literature on transnational social workers by emphasising the critical role of continuing professional development (CPD) for transnational social workers during their relocation process. It addresses complex transnational issues, such as cultural differences, language barriers, professional development and the integration of global and local intervention skills and practices, filling existing gaps in the literature. This research also provides insight into the importance of CPD for transnational social workers during their relocation and transnational experiences and the potential for advancing their local social work practices.
Meditation and Empowerment of Female Trauma Survivors with Co-Occurring Disorders: Implications for Social Work Practice
Authors: Kirsch Jaclyn , Lee Mo Yee 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The addition of an empowerment perspective to treatment of female trauma survivors with co-occurring mental health and substance use concerns has been found to be beneficial. Meditation is a mental health intervention that has the potential for increasing feelings of empowerment amongst this population. This qualitative study explores the experiences of female trauma survivors with co-occurring disorders engaging in a meditation intervention and its impact on their feelings of empowerment. Grounded theory approaches were used to analyse in-depth interviews with participants (N = 32). Results from analysis of the data show the process through which meditation allowed the women to gain empowerment in order to develop skills to heal on their own. This study provides evidence of the use of meditation as a viable strength-based intervention for social workers in order to increase feelings of empowerment amongst female trauma survivors of interpersonal violence with co-occurring disorders. Future research should expand understanding of this empowerment pathway by exploring the impact of meditation within other populations with high levels of trauma.
Influence of Alkali Metal Ions on the Mechanisms and Outcomes of Radical-mediated Organic Reactions
Authors: Ye Ziqi , Liao Jia-Bin , Gong Lei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Radical chemistry, a rapidly growing field in organic synthesis, offers numerous innovative approaches for the cleavage and construction of challenging chemical bonds. Recent findings have underscored the pivotal contributions of alkali metal ions in radical-driven reactions, where they play a crucial role in lowering the energy barriers required to initiate these processes and in stabilizing vital transient radical species. These properties contribute significantly to the advancement of next-generation synthetic techniques. This article offers a concise yet thorough examination of the roles alkali metal ions assume within radical chemistry, with a specific focus on their diverse modes of activation and the associated mechanistic contexts. Our objective is to encourage and expand their strategic use across various facets of organic synthesis, catalysis, and environmentally conscious green chemistry applications.
Comparative analysis of intraoperative and imaging features of invasive growth in pituitary adenomas
Authors: Hladik Mirko , Nasi-Kordhishti Isabella , Dörner Lorenz , Kandilaris Kosmas , Schittenhelm Jens , Bender Benjamin , Honegger Jürgen , Behling Felix 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Most pituitary adenomas (PAs), also termed pituitary neuroendocrine tumors, are benign in nature and can be treated effectively by surgical resection, medical treatment, and in special cases by radiotherapy. However, invasive growth can be an important feature of a more aggressive behavior and adverse prognosis. The extension of PAs into the cavernous sinus can be categorized according to the Knosp criteria on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Comparative analyses of MRI features and intraoperative findings of invasive growth regarding different clinical factors are still scarce.

Materials and Methods
We performed a retrospective single-center analysis of 764 PAs that were surgically treated between October 2004 and April 2018. Invasive growth was assessed according to the surgical reports and preoperative MRI (Knosp criteria). Clinical data, such as patient age at diagnosis and gender, histopathological adenoma type, and extent of resection, were collected.

Results
Invasive features on MRI were seen in 24.4% (Knosp grades 3A-4, 186/764) of the cases. Intraoperatively, invasion was present in 42.4% (324/764). Complete resection was achieved in 80.0% of adenomas and subtotal resection, in 20.1%. By multivariate analysis, invasion according to intraoperative findings was associated with the sparsely granulated corticotroph (SGCA, P = .0026) and sparsely granulated somatotroph (SGSA, P = .0103) adenoma type as well as age (P = .0287). Radiographic invasion according to Knosp grades 3A-4 correlated with age (P = .0098), SGCAs (P = .0005), SGSAs (P = .0351), and gonadotroph adenomas (P = .0478). Both criteria of invasion correlated with subtotal resection (P = .0001, respectively).

Conclusions
Both intraoperative and radiographic signs of invasive growth are high-risk lesions for incomplete extent of resection and occur more frequently in older patients. A particularly high prevalence of invasion can be found in the SGCA and SGSA types. Cavernous sinus invasion is also more common in gonadotroph adenomas. Usage of the Knosp classification is a valuable preoperative estimation tool.
Strike early–strike strong lipid-lowering strategy with proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors in acute coronary syndrome patients: real-world evidence from the AT-TARGET-IT registry
Authors: Gargiulo Paola , Basile Christian , Galasso Gennaro , Bellino Michele , D’Elia Debora , Patti Giuseppe , Bosco Manuel , Prinetti Matteo , Andò Giuseppe , Campanella Francesca , Taverna Giovanni , Calabrò Paolo , Cesaro Arturo , Fimiani Fabio , Catalano Angelo , Varbella Ferdinando , Corleto Antonella , Barillà Francesco , Muscoli Saverio , Musumeci Giuseppe , Delnevo Fabrizio , Giallauria Francesco , Napoli Raffaele , Porto Italo , Polimeni Alberto , Quarta Rossella , Maloberti Alessandro , Merlini Piera Angelica , De Luca Leonardo , Casu Gavino , Brunetti Natale Daniele , Crisci Mario , Paloscia Leonardo , Bilato Claudio , Indolfi Ciro , Marzano Federica , Fontanarosa Sara , Buonocore Davide , Parlati Antonio Luca Maria , Nardi Ermanno , Prastaro Maria , Soricelli Andrea , Salvatore Marco , Paolillo Stefania , Perrone-Filardi Pasquale , Cuomo Gianluigi , Testa Crescenzo , Passaretti Gianluca , Vallefuoco Giuseppe , Romano Annalisa , Dell’Anno Raffaele , Merolla Aurora , Iannone Francesca Paola 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aims
No data are available on early initiation of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors (PCSK9i) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in the real world. This study investigates the effects of PCSK9i started at time of ACS hospitalization on lipid control and major cardiovascular (CV) events in the real world.

Methods and results
The lipid control outcome was the percentage of patients reaching the LDL-C target of &lt;55 mg/dL at first lipid control. The clinical outcome was the incidence of composite major CV events (all-cause death, non-fatal MI, non-fatal stroke, and ischaemia-driven revascularization) during a follow-up in relation to quartiles of LDL-C at first lipid control. We included 771 patients with ACS from the AT-TARGET-IT registry, receiving PCSK9i prescription during hospitalization or at discharge. Median LDL-C was 137 mg/dL and decreased to 43 mg/dL at first lipid control. 527 (68.3%) patients achieved LDL-C target at the first lipid control at a median time of 37 days from hospitalization; of them, 404 (76.8%) were discharged on statin plus ezetimibe background therapy. Event curves through a median follow-up of 11 months across quartiles of LDL-C showed a stepwise lower risk of 4P-MACE, 3P-MACE, all-cause mortality, and ischaemia-driven revascularization in lower quartile of LDL-C values at first lipid control (&lt;23 mg/dL) and in patients reaching LDL-C &lt; 55 mg/dL.

Conclusion
Intensive and early lipid-lowering therapy using PCSK9i in patients with ACS (strike early–strike strong strategy) is safe and effective in clinical practice and associated with a reduction of residual CV risk.
Comparative effectiveness of different management strategies for left atrial appendage thrombus in patients on optimal NOAC therapy
Authors: Komlosi F , Toth P , Santa H , Arnoth B , Szakal I , Bohus G Y , Vamosi P , Szucs A , Apor A , Bartha E , Liptai C S , Geller L , Merkely B , Nagy K V 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombus is the primary cause of stroke and systemic embolism in atrial fibrillation (AF). Novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) effectively reduce the prevalence of LAA thrombosis and stroke risk. Nonetheless, there is no clear advice for patients with a NOAC-resistant thrombus, necessitating individualized decision-making without strong support of the current guidelines.

Aims
To analyze patients diagnosed with an LAA thrombus despite adequate NOAC therapy and to compare the efficacy of various therapeutic strategies in achieving thrombus resolution.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed patients scheduled for cardioversion or catheter ablation of AF between 2014 and 2023 who were diagnosed with LAA thrombus despite being on optimal NOAC therapy. These patients underwent follow-up transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) or cardiac CT angiography. Changes in treatment modalities were divided into four groups: transition to an alternative NOAC, switch to a vitamin K antagonist (VKA), the addition of an antiplatelet agent, or the deliberate maintenance of the current treatment.

Results
We analyzed the data of 90 patients comprising 103 cycles of treatment. The patients were either on rivaroxaban (41%), apixaban (32%), dabigatran (15%) or on edoxaban (12%) at the time of the initial TEE. A change to a different NOAC was observed in 37% of cases, transition to a VKA in 22%, supplementation with antiplatelet therapy in 16%, while deliberate absence of treatment modification in 25% of cases. Subsequent follow-up TEE (or CT angiography in a minority of cases) was performed at a median of 68 [43 – 94] days from the baseline evaluation. Successful thrombus resolution was achieved in 72% of cases. Evaluation of therapeutic strategies revealed that any modification of treatment was three times more effective than deliberate no change in treatment; thrombus resolution was observed in 60 (81%) vs. 17 (59%) cases (OR 3.03 [1.18 - 7.75], p = 0.021). Nevertheless, no particular strategy demonstrated superior efficacy over others.

Conclusions
Resolution of LAA thrombus in patients already on adequate NOAC treatment may require a revision of the prior anticoagulation strategy; however, none of the commonly employed strategies appears to exhibit distinct superiority over the rest.
Agreement of left atrial pressure with clinical risk scores and echocardiographic features in patients with atrial fibrillation referred for catheter ablation
Authors: Gawalko M , Adriaans B , Habibi Z , Weerts J , Verhaert D V M , Chaldoupi S M , Ter Bekke R M A , Den Uijl D W , Luermans J G L M , Van Empel V P M , Schotten U , Vernooy K , Linz D 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) frequently coexists with atrial fibrillation (AF). The diagnosis of HFpEF in AF is difficult because some diagnostic criteria for HFpEF may be associated with AF instead of HFpEF per se. Left atrial pressure (LAP) ≥15 mmHg has been used to confirm the diagnosis of HFpEF.

Purpose
We aimed to 1) determine LAP measurements in patients with AF undergoing catheter ablation; 2) assess the agreement between LAP measurement HFpEF risk scores and 3) determine the association between LAP measurement and clinical and echocardiographic features.

Methods
Consecutive patients with paroxysmal or persistent AF scheduled for catheter ablation were included. Participants were considered to have HFpEF if the mean LAP was ≥15 mm Hg. The LAP was measured only in sedated patients with spontaneous breathing. Participants had high probability of HFpEF if scored &gt;5points in H2FPEF and/or ≥5 points in HFA-PEFF score.

Results
Of 107 participants, 29 (27%) had HFpEF according to mean LAP and 32 (30%) had high probability of HFpEF according to HFpEF scores. The highest agreement of HFpEF risk scores relative to elevated LAP was observed for H2FPEF score; among patients with mean LAP ≥15 mm Hg, 38% [n=11/29] of them had also high risk of HFpEF based on H2FPEF score, whereas only 10% [n=3/29] had high risk of HFpEF based on HFA-PEFF score. In multivariable analysis, the independent predictors of HFpEF were left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF; OR 0.77, 95%CI 0,.64-0.91), intraventricular septum diameter (IVSd; OR 1.75, 95%CI 1.11-2.74), global longitudinal strain (GLS; OR 1.24, 9%CI 1.05-1.48).

Conclusions
More than one-fourth of patients scheduled for catheter ablation had HFpEF according to elevated LAP. The highest agreement to elevated LAP was observed for the H2FPEF score. Predictors of HFpEF diagnosis were lower LVEF, higher IVSd and GLS.