bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ankylosing spondylitis and kinesiophobia
Authors: Ertem Ugur 
Published: February 2025

Background
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic rheumatic disease that predominantly affects the axial skeleton, causing pain and functional impairment. Kinesiophobia, or fear of movement, is common in patients with chronic pain conditions and can significantly hinder treatment outcomes. This study aims to assess the level of kinesiophobia in AS patients and explore its relationship with demographic characteristics, disease duration, pain intensity, disease activity, and functional impairment.

Methods
This single-center study included 35 AS patients from July 2021 to July 2023. Patient demographics, disease duration, disease activity (BASDAI (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index)), functionality (BASFI (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index)), pain intensity (VAS (Visual Analog Scale)), and kinesiophobia (TSK (Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia)) were recorded and analyzed. Patients were categorized into low and high kinesiophobia groups based on TSK scores.

Results
Of the 35 AS patients, 15 (42.86%) had high kinesiophobia levels (TSK ≥37). Patients with high kinesiophobia had significantly higher BASDAI, BASFI, and VAS scores (p < 0.001) compared to those with low kinesiophobia. No significant relationship was found between kinesiophobia and age, gender, or disease duration (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
High levels of kinesiophobia in AS patients are associated with increased pain, disease activity, and functional impairment. Early interventions targeting kinesiophobia could improve treatment outcomes and patient functionality.
Electronic Skin for Health Monitoring Systems: Properties, Functions, and Applications
Authors: Yang Xichen , Chen Wenzheng , Fan Qunfu , Chen Jing , Chen Yujie , Lai Feili , Liu Hezhou 
Published: May 2024

AbstractElectronic skin (e‐skin), a skin‐like wearable electronic device, holds great promise in the fields of telemedicine and personalized healthcare because of its good flexibility, biocompatibility, skin conformability, and sensing performance. E‐skin can monitor various health indicators of the human body in real time and over the long term, including physical indicators (exercise, respiration, blood pressure, etc.) and chemical indicators (saliva, sweat, urine, etc.). In recent years, the development of various materials, analysis, and manufacturing technologies has promoted significant development of e‐skin, laying the foundation for the application of next‐generation wearable medical technologies and devices. Herein, the properties required for e‐skin health monitoring devices to achieve long‐term and precise monitoring and summarize several detectable indicators in the health monitoring field are discussed. Subsequently, the applications of integrated e‐skin health monitoring systems are reviewed. Finally, current challenges and future development directions in this field are discussed. This review is expected to generate great interest and inspiration for the development and improvement of e‐skin and health monitoring systems.
Large regions of homozygosity in prenatal diagnosis
Authors: Ma Di , Ye Mei , Hu Wenlong , Gao Hui , Wang Lijuan , Song Yaqin , Nie Rui , Hu Zhiyang , Guo Hui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractChromosomal microarrays (CMA) incorporate single nucleotide polymorphisms to enable the detection of regions of homozygosity (ROH). Here, we retrospectively analyzed 6288 prenatal cases who performed CMA to explored the clinical implications of large ROH in prenatal diagnosis. We analyzed cases with ROH larger than 10 megabases and reviewed the ultrasound findings; karyotype results and pregnancy follow‐up data. Cases with possible imprinting disorders were assessed by methylation‐specific multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification. In total, we identified 50 cases with large ROH and chromosomes 1 and 2 were the most affected. About 59.18% of the ROH cases had ultrasound abnormalities, with the most common findings being ultrasound soft‐marker abnormalities. There were seven fetuses had ROH which covered almost the entire chromosome and four had terminal ROH that involved almost the entire long arm of the chromosomes, which indicated uniparental disomy (UPD), of which 70% showed abnormal ultrasound findings. Ten cases with multiple ROH on different chromosomes indicated the third to fifth degree of consanguinity. In this study, we highlighted the clinical relevance of large ROH related to UPD. The analysis of ROH allowed us to gain further understanding of complex cytogenetic and disease mechanisms in prenatal diagnosis.
Recent Advances in Denitrogenative Organic Transformations of 1,2,3‐Benzotriazin‐4(3H)‐ones
Authors: Madasamy Kanagaraj 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDenitrogenative organic transformations and related reactions are a class of significant approaches for carrying out unusual C−C/C‐heteroatom (C−O, C−N, C−S) bond‐forming reactions that are usually promoted by Ru, Ir, Pd, Ni, and Cu metal catalysts. In this trait, numerous methods were adopted to synthesize several pharmaceutically valuable N‐ and O‐containing heteroaromatics using 1,2,3‐benzotriazin‐4(3H)‐one as an electrophilic coupling partner. This review involves the recent achievements related to the metal/organo‐catalyzed thermal and visible‐light mediated denitrogenative approaches with 1,2,3‐benzotriazin‐4(3H)‐ones towards the synthesis of imperative N‐heteroaromatic compounds. In addition, metal and oxidant‐free ortho‐functionalization of benzotriazinones by using suitable nucleophilic partners have been discussed. In particular, the most novel methods employing Ni and Pd metal catalysts that have emerged are exhibited. Specific attention has been paid to offering the detailed mechanistic pathway to explain the role of metal catalysts and the mechanism in the absence of metal catalysts in the denitrogenative reactions under a thermal/visible light medium.
Structure and Chemical Reactivity of Y‐Stabilized ZrO2 Surfaces: Importance for the Water‐Gas Shift Reaction
Authors: Chen Shuang , Pleßow Philipp N. , Yu Zairan , Sauter Eric , Caulfield Lachlan , Nefedov Alexei , Studt Felix , Wang Yuemin , Wöll Christof 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe surface structure and chemical properties of Y‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ) have been subjects of intense debate over the past three decades. However, a thorough understanding of chemical processes occurring at YSZ powders faces significant challenges due to the absence of reliable reference data acquired for well‐controlled model systems. Here, we present results from polarization‐resolved infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS) obtained for differently oriented, Y‐doped ZrO2 single‐crystal surfaces after exposure to CO and D2O. The IRRAS data reveal that the polar YSZ(100) surface undergoes reconstruction, characterized by an unusual, red‐shifted CO band at 2132 cm−1. Density functional theory calculations allowed to relate this unexpected observation to under‐coordinated Zr4+ cations in the vicinity of doping‐induced O vacancies. This reconstruction leads to a strongly increased chemical reactivity and water spontaneously dissociates on YSZ(100). The latter, which is an important requirement for catalysing the water‐gas‐shift (WGS) reaction, is absent for YSZ(111), where only associative adsorption was observed. Together with a novel analysis Scheme these reference data allowed for an operando characterisation of YSZ powders using DRIFTS (diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy). These findings facilitate rational design and tuning of YSZ‐based powder materials for catalytic applications, in particular CO oxidation and the WGS reaction.
Bowen theory, culture and therapeutic applications to Asian families
Authors: Chan Peggy 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper attempts to address the uncertainty of some non‐Western learners about the applicability of Bowen theory to Asian culture, as the theory was developed out of research on Western families and stresses defining self. Scepticism is due to the commonly held view that Asian families are collectivistic while Western families are more individualistic. This paper reviews the basic tenets of Bowen theory and its underlying premise that families are regulated by emotional processes that also operate in all living beings, that is, biological and universal. Bowen theory studies the emotional processes of families and how they react to anxiety. Viewed in this way, the theory certainly can be a useful framework for understanding family and enhancing family functioning, regardless of culture, ethnicity, and geography. The paper further discusses the use of Bowen theory in working with Asian families and Asian women, with case illustrations in enhancing mature and flexible practice of cultural values and increasing differentiation of self.
Photothermal lanthanide nanomaterials: From fundamentals to theranostic applications
Authors: Li Zhuo , Gong Jiacheng , Lu Shan , Li Xingjun , Gu Xiaobo , Xu Jin , Khan Jawairia Umar , Jin Dayong , Chen Xueyuan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhotothermal lanthanide nanomaterials with unique photophysical properties have been innovatively explored for diagnostics and non‐invasive therapies, and hold great promise for precision theranostics. In this review, we start from the basic principles of excited‐state dynamics and provide a thorough comprehension of the main pathways for photothermal conversion in lanthanide nanocrystals. Aspects influencing the photothermal effect such as lanthanide‐doping concentration, particle size, and crystal structure have been fully discussed. Hybrid strategies for the design of efficient lanthanide‐based photothermal agents, including dye sensitization to break the absorption limit and semiconductor combination to add cross‐relaxation pathways, have also been summarized. Furthermore, we highlight the cutting‐edge applications of photothermal lanthanide nanoplatforms with optical diagnosis and temperature feedback in photothermia‐associated theranostics. Lastly, the current challenges and future eﬀorts for clinical applications are proposed. This review is expected to offer a better understanding of photothermal mechanisms and inspire efforts for designing versatile lanthanide theranostic nanoplatforms.
Amiodarone triggered Kounis syndrome complicated by refractory cardiac arrest rescued with VA‐ECMO
Authors: Soriano Marc , Sionis Alessandro , Rodríguez Enrique , Bonet Ana , Soto Lorena , Tauron Manel , Belmar David , Arakama Sabiñe , Mayol Josep , Rodríguez Laura 
Published: May 2024

Key Clinical MessageAn interesting case that shows an infrequent cause of cardiorespiratory arrest such as coronary vasospasm due to intravenous amiodarone induced Kounis syndrome. It highlights the usefulness of circulatory support with ECMO in the scenario of CPR.AbstractA patient with atrial fibrillation was admitted for an elective electrical cardioversion. He was given an amiodarone bolus that triggered Kounis syndrome with cardiac arrest due to vasospasm requiring emergency coronary angiography with infusion of nitroglycerin. Due to following refractory shock and severe refractory hypoxemia required mechanical circulatory support with ECMO and inhaled nitric oxide with favorable evolution. Allergy to amiodarone was later confirmed.
Kinetically Inert Platinum (II) Complexes for Improving Anticancer Therapy: Recent Developments and Road Ahead
Authors: Panda Tushar Ranjan , Patra Malay 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe search for better chemotherapeutic drugs to alleviate the deficiencies of existing platinum (Pt) drugs has picked up the pace in the millennium. There has been a disparate effort to design better and safer Pt drugs to deal with the problems of deactivation, Pt resistance and toxic side effects of clinical Pt drugs. In this review, we have discussed the potential of kinetically inert Pt complexes as an emerging class of next‐generation Pt drugs. The introduction gives an overview about the development, use, mechanism of action and side effects of clinical Pt drugs as well as the various approaches to improve some of their pharmacological properties. We then describe the impact of kinetic lability on the pharmacology of functional Pt drugs including deactivation, antitumor efficacy, toxicity and resistance. Following a brief overview of numerous pharmacological advantages that a non‐functional kinetically inert Pt complex can offer; we discussed structurally different classes of kinetically inert Pt (II) complexes highlighting their unique pharmacological features.
Pharmacokinetics of Fipaxalparant, a Small‐Molecule Selective Negative Allosteric Modulator of Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor 1, and the Effect of Food in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Song Yang , Ali Farah N. , Ye Zhan , Zarzoso Jennifer , Rogowski John , Sun Yajing , Xin Yan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDysregulated lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPAR1) signaling is implicated in fibrotic diseases, including systemic sclerosis (SSc) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Fipaxalparant (HZN‐825) is a small molecule acting as a negative allosteric modulator of LPAR1 and is in phase 2 clinical evaluations for treating diffuse cutaneous SSc and IPF. This open‐label, phase 1 study examined the pharmacokinetics (PKs), food effect, and safety of fipaxalparant in healthy volunteers. Dose proportionality was evaluated for fipaxalparant single doses of 150, 300, and 450 mg under fasted conditions. Food effect was tested with a 450‐mg single dose under fasted conditions or with a high‐fat meal. Multiple‐dose PKs for twice‐daily dosing of either 300 or 450 mg with low‐ or high‐fat meals was also assessed. Fipaxalparant was safe and well tolerated in healthy volunteers (n = 36) under all conditions. Fipaxalparant exposure increased in a less than dose‐proportional manner from 150 to 450 mg. At 450 mg, a high‐fat meal increased the maximum observed concentration and area under the curve by approximately 1.9‐ and 2.1‐fold, respectively. These results, combined with prior preclinical and phase 2a data, informed dose selection of fipaxalparant 300 mg once and twice daily with a meal for phase 2b studies.
Concentration‐QTc Modeling of the DPP‐4 Inhibitor HSK7653 in a First‐in‐Human Study of Chinese Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Wang Xiaoxu , Liu Hongzhong , Cui Cheng , Niu Xiaoye , Li Haiyan , Niu Shu , Yan Pangke , Wu Nan , Li Fangqiong , Wu Qinghe , Chen Kai , Hu Bei , Liu Dongyang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCofrogliptin (HSK7653) is a long‐acting dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus with a twice‐monthly dosing regimen. This study included 62 participants (48 without food effect, 14 with food effect) receiving single doses of HSK7653 (5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 150 mg) or placebo. Pharmacokinetic samples were collected over 24 hours postdosing and sampling times are aligned with 12‐lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) which were derived from continuous ECG recordings. For the concentration‐QT interval corrected for heart rate (C‐QTc) analysis, we used linear mixed‐effects modeling to characterize the correlation between plasma concentrations of HSK7653 and the change from baseline in the QT interval which was corrected by Fridericia's formula (ΔQTcF). The result showed that a placebo‐corrected Fridericia corrected QT interval (ΔΔQTcF) prolongation higher than 10 milliseconds is unlikely at the mean maximum observed concentration (Cmax) (411 ng/mL) associated with the recommended therapeutic doses (25 mg twice‐monthly), even at the highest supratherapeutic concentration (2425 ng/mL). Thus, HSK7653 does not significantly affect QT prolongation at either recommended doses or the highest supratherapeutic concentration.
Progress and Challenges in Polystyrene Recycling and Upcycling
Authors: Xu Zhen , Sun Dongshi , Xu Jianjun , Yang Rong , Russell Jennifer D. , Liu Guoliang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPolystyrene is a staple plastic in the packaging and insulation market. Despite its good recyclability, the willingness of PS recycling remains low, largely due to the high recycling cost and limited profitability. This review examines the research progresses, gaps, and challenges in areas that affect the recycling costs, including but not limited to logistics, packaging design, and policymaking. We critically evaluate the recent developments in upcycling strategies, and we particularly focus on tandem and hydrogen‐atom transfer (HAT) upcycling strategies. We conclude that future upcycling studies should focus on not only reaction chemistry and mechanisms but also economic viability of the processes. The goal of this review is to stimulate the development of innovative recycling strategies with low recycling costs and high economic output values. We hope to stimulate the economic and technological momentum of PS recycling towards a sustainable and circular economy.
Synthesis of Phosphorus/Arsenic Tridentate Ligands and Their Application for Luminescent Copper (I) Halide Complexes
Authors: Shimoji Haruki , Kihara Hyota , Sumida Akifumi , Imoto Hiroaki , Naka Kensuke 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe synthesized arsenic analogs of a tridentate PPP ligand, bis[2‐(diphenylphosphino) phenyl] phenylphosphine, achieving yields of 40 % to 71 %. Additionally, we prepared copper (I) halide (CuX, X=Br, I) complexes with these ligands, with yields between 43 % and 84 %. Using both experimental and computational methods, we examined their structures and photophysical characteristics. Single crystal X‐ray diffraction showed that all eight complexes had distorted tetrahedral geometries. These complexes exhibited photoluminescence with emission bands peaking from 506 nm to 551 nm and quantum yields up to 0.92 at room temperature. Emission lifetimes varied and showed no direct correlation with quantum yields or wavelengths. Physical manipulation and solvent variations significantly altered their photoluminescent properties. DFT and TD‐DFT calculations revealed that higher arsenic content increased spin‐orbit coupling constants, with iodide complexes performing better than bromide ones due to heavier elements enhancing spin‐orbit coupling. Substituting phosphorus with arsenic significantly affected the luminescence quantum yield and lifetime, demonstrating the heavy‐atom effect of arsenic. The position of arsenic in the ligands critically influenced the photophysical outcomes of the CuX complexes.
Visualization strategies to aid interpretation of high‐dimensional genotoxicity data
Authors: Dertinger Stephen D. , Briggs Erica , Hussien Yusuf , Bryce Steven M. , Avlasevich Svetlana L. , Conrad Adam , Johnson George E. , Williams Andrew , Bemis Jeffrey C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article describes a range of high‐dimensional data visualization strategies that we have explored for their ability to complement machine learning algorithm predictions derived from MultiFlow® assay results. For this exercise, we focused on seven biomarker responses resulting from the exposure of TK6 cells to each of 126 diverse chemicals over a range of concentrations. Obviously, challenges associated with visualizing seven biomarker responses were further complicated whenever there was a desire to represent the entire 126 chemical data set as opposed to results from a single chemical. Scatter plots, spider plots, parallel coordinate plots, hierarchical clustering, principal component analysis, toxicological prioritization index, multidimensional scaling, t‐distributed stochastic neighbor embedding, and uniform manifold approximation and projection are each considered in turn. Our report provides a comparative analysis of these techniques. In an era where multiplexed assays and machine learning algorithms are becoming the norm, stakeholders should find some of these visualization strategies useful for efficiently and effectively interpreting their high‐dimensional data.
Validated Negative Regions (VNRs) in the VISTA Database might be Truncated Forms of Bona Fide Enhancers
Authors: Ni Pengyu , Wu Siwen , Su Zhengchang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe VISTA enhancer database is a valuable resource for evaluating predicted enhancers in humans and mice. In addition to thousands of validated positive regions (VPRs) in the human and mouse genomes, the database also contains similar numbers of validated negative regions (VNRs). It is previously shown that the VPRs are on average half as long as predicted overlapping enhancers that are highly conserved and hypothesize that the VPRs may be truncated forms of long bona fide enhancers. Here, it is shown that like the VPRs, the VNRs also are under strong evolutionary constraints and overlap predicted enhancers in the genomes. The VNRs are also on average half as long as predicted overlapping enhancers that are highly conserved. Moreover, the VNRs and the VPRs display similar cell/tissue‐specific modification patterns of key epigenetic marks of active enhancers. Furthermore, the VNRs and the VPRs show similar impact score spectra of in silico mutagenesis. These highly similar properties between the VPRs and the VNRs suggest that like the VPRs, the VNRs may also be truncated forms of long bona fide enhancers.
Microbial impact on basalt‐water‐hydrogen system: Insights into wettability, capillary pressure, and interfacial tension for subsurface hydrogen storage
Authors: Aftab Adnan , Al‐Yaseri Ahmed , Nzila Alexis , Hamad Jafar Al , Sarmadivaleh Mohammad 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHydrogen (H2) fuel is assessed to be a major component of sustainable energy systems in the net‐zero world. However, hydrogen storage is challenging and requires safe and environmentally friendly solutions like H2 geo‐sequestration. This study evaluates the effects of sulphate‐reducing bacteria (SRB) on H2 geological storage potential in the basalt rock. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) findings show the presence of significant components, that is, O‐Si‐O and organic functional groups, that is, aromatics, amine salts, alkane, and cyclohexane in the basalt rock immersed in the nutrient solution without SRB. However, we found that C‐H stretching modes of organics with peaks at 1,465 cm−1 were observed. Consequently, amine salt (N‐H) (850–750 cm−1), solvent impurities (C‐H), and alkane spectrums are components of nutrient solutions and can be results of metabolic microbial activity that can influence on the surface of the basalt rock. Hence, these changes indicate the presence of microbial activity which might affect the surface chemistry of the rock leading to wettability alteration. We observed that the contact angle (θ) of brine‐H2 on the rock surface slightly changed from 500 to 4,000 psi pressure after the effect of bacteria at 50 °C. The wettability changed the surface of the rock from strong water‐wet to weak or intermediate water‐wet condition (i.e., θ < 75°) at 4,000 psi and temperatures 25 and 50 °C after the bacteria effect. The affiliation of brine water reduces on the rock surface with increasing temperatures and pressures, even without microbial influence. Additionally, we investigated interfacial tension and capillary pressure on SRB bacteria treated basalt which is not yet reported in the published work. Interfacial tension (IFT) and Pc of H2 were reduced by 19% and 65%, respectively at 50 °C and 4,000 psi after the bacteria effect. Hence, the above findings could help to answer the key factors of the reservoir rock including wettability, capillary pressure, and interfacial tension to plan a field‐scale H2 geo‐sequestration strategy under the influence of biotic life. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.