bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling the Application of Scale-Inhibitor-Squeeze-Retention-Enhancing Additives
Authors: Vazquez O.. , Thanasutives P.. , Eliasson C.. , Fleming N.. , Mackay E.. 
Published: July 2011

Summary
The most common method for preventing scale formation is by applying a scale-inhibitor (SI) squeeze treatment. In this process, an SI solution is injected down a producer well into the near-wellbore formation. In the last few years, several publications have presented experimental results, field data, and treatment methods showing enhanced squeeze lifetime because of the use of squeeze enhancers.
The main purpose of this paper is to model the effect of SI-retention-enhancing additives. These additives are normally deployed in reservoirs where the SI shows poor retention in the formation matrix in order to reduce well interventions. In the last few years, a number of techniques to enhance the SI retention have been reported in the literature, such as precipitation squeezes using calcium and/or pH-increasing additives, use of an additive package that enhances SI adsorption by crosslinking, and the injection of nondamaging concentrations of kaolinite, calcium carbonate, and organosilane (a solids-fixation agent). The effect of the SI-retention enhancer is modeled as a function of the adsorption level of the additive. A sensitivity study is then presented on the effect of deploying the additive in the different stages; normally, they are deployed in the preflush stage. However, the aim of this paper is to investigate how the treatment could be optimized to achieve the longest squeeze lifetime with a fixed amount of additive. An example of modeling a specific field treatment injecting organosi-lane is included. The results are compared with the field return profiles and clearly demonstrate the value such modeling can bring to the interpretation and design of field squeezes.
Moving the Energy Business From Smart to Genius by Building Corporate IQ
Authors: Weijermars Ruud 
Published: July 2011

Summary
Moving the energy business from smart asset developers to genius organizations by building corporate intelligence quotient (IQ) is advocated in this study. A company's overall effectiveness in creating primary business value from the available knowledge resources (internally and externally) can be expressed as a corporate IQ score in the framework defined here, using a new questionnaire comprising 140 questions. This questionnaire has now been applied to seven energy companies: five oil operators, one service company, and one natural-gas transmission-service operator. The sample groups are still small, but an interesting pattern emerges that confirms the general notion that internationally operating companies are best at developing organizational intelligence. Their higher corporate IQ is essential to enable them to operate effectively in a highly competitive market. The new data reported here may provide useful insight for national oil companies (NOCs) that wish to improve their organizational intelligence if required by an ambition to internationalize their operations. Companies that excel at organizational learning are better prepared to outperform their competitors. International oil companies (IOCs) also can strive to further the enhancement of their corporate IQ by use of the periodic assessments and interventions outlined in this study.
Peer-Led Diabetes Education Programs in High-Risk Mexican Americans Improve Glycemic Control Compared With Standard Approaches
Authors: Philis-Tsimikas Athena , Fortmann Adelaide , Lleva-Ocana Leticia , Walker Chris , Gallo Linda C. 
Published: July 2011

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of a culturally sensitive diabetes self-management education program that uses a low-cost, peer-educator format (Project Dulce) on glucose control and metabolic parameters in low-income Mexican Americans with type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A total of 207 Mexican-American patients recruited from federally funded community health centers in San Diego County with HbA1c &gt;8% were randomly assigned to the Project Dulce peer intervention or continuation of standard diabetes care. The primary outcome of interest was HbA1c.

RESULTS
The majority of subjects were born in Mexico, were female, were middle-aged, had less than an eighth-grade education, and had high baseline HbA1c levels. Significant time-by-group interaction effects for HbA1c (P = 0.02) and diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.04) indicated that the Project Dulce group exhibited greater improvement (i.e., decreases) across time. Within-group analyses showed that the intervention group exhibited significant improvements from baseline to month 4 in absolute levels of HbA1c (−1.7%, P = 0.001) and HDL cholesterol (+1.4 mg/dL, P = 0.01) and from baseline to month 10 in absolute levels of HbA1c (−1.5%, P = 0.01), total cholesterol (−7.2 mg/dL, P = 0.04), HDL cholesterol (+1.6 mg/dL, P = 0.01), and LDL cholesterol (−8.1 mg/dL, P = 0.02). No significant changes were noted in the control group.

CONCLUSIONS
This randomized trial, using the Project Dulce model of culturally sensitive, peer-led education, demonstrates improvement in glucose and metabolic control and suggests that this low-cost approach to self-management education for high-risk diabetic populations is effective.
Lifestyle Counseling for Type 2 Diabetes Risk Reduction in Dutch Primary Care
Authors: Vermunt Paulina W.A. , Milder Ivon E.J. , Wielaard Frits , de Vries Jeanne H.M. , van Oers Hans A.M. , Westert Gert P. 
Published: July 2011

OBJECTIVE
To study the overall effect of the Active Prevention in High-Risk Individuals of Diabetes Type 2 in and Around Eindhoven (APHRODITE) lifestyle intervention on type 2 diabetes risk reduction in Dutch primary care after 0.5 and 1.5 years and to evaluate the variability between general practices.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Individuals at high risk for type 2 diabetes (Finnish Diabetes Risk Score ≥13) were randomly assigned into an intervention group (n = 479) or a usual-care group (n = 446). Comparisons were made between study groups and between general practices regarding changes in clinical and lifestyle measures over 1.5 years. Participant, general practitioner, and nurse practitioner characteristics were compared between individuals who lost weight or maintained a stable weight and individuals who gained weight.

RESULTS
Both groups showed modest changes in glucose values, weight measures, physical activity, energy intake, and fiber intake. Differences between groups were significant only for total physical activity, saturated fat intake, and fiber intake. Differences between general practices were significant for BMI and 2-h glucose but not for energy intake and physical activity. In the intervention group, the nurse practitioners’ mean years of work experience was significantly longer in individuals who were successful at losing weight or maintaining a stable weight compared with unsuccessful individuals. Furthermore, successful individuals more often had a partner.

CONCLUSIONS
Risk factors for type 2 diabetes could be significantly reduced by lifestyle counseling in Dutch primary care. The small differences in changes over time between the two study groups suggest that additional intervention effects are modest. In particular, the level of experience of the nurse practitioner and the availability of partner support seem to facilitate intervention success.
Observation on Renal Outcomes in the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial
Authors: Agrawal Lily , Azad Nasrin , Emanuele Nicholas V. , Bahn Gideon D. , Kaufman Derrick G. , Moritz Thomas E. , Duckworth William C. , Abraira Carlos ,   for the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial (VADT) Study Group
Published: July 2011

OBJECTIVE
The Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial (VADT) was a randomized, prospective, controlled trial of 1,791 patients with type 2 diabetes to determine whether intensive glycemic control would reduce cardiovascular events compared with standard control. The effect of intensive glycemic control and selected baseline variables on renal outcomes is reported.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Baseline mean age was 60.4 years, mean duration of diabetes was 11.5 years, HbA1c was 9.4%, and blood pressure was 132/76 mmHg. The renal exclusion was serum creatinine &gt;1.6 mg/dL. Renal outcomes were sustained worsening of the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) and sustained worsening by one or more stages in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

RESULTS
Intensive glycemic control did not independently reduce ACR progression but was associated with a significant attenuation in the progression of ACR in those who had baseline photocoagulation, cataract surgery, or both. The beneficial effect of intensive glycemic control increased with increasing BMI and with decreasing diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Intensive glycemic control was associated with less worsening of eGFR with increasing baseline ACR and insulin use. Baseline systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and photocoagulation were associated with worsening of eGFR.

CONCLUSIONS
Intensive glycemic control had no significant effect on the progression of renal disease in the whole cohort but was associated with some protection against increasing ACR in those with more advanced microvascular disease, lower baseline DBP, or higher baseline BMI and on worsening of eGFR in those with high baseline ACR.
Further Exploration of the Relationship Between Insulin Glargine and Incident Cancer
Authors: Morden Nancy E. , Liu Stephen K. , Smith Jeremy , Mackenzie Todd A. , Skinner Jonathan , Korc Murray 
Published: July 2011

OBJECTIVE
In vitro evidence suggests insulin glargine promotes tumors; observational human studies are conflicting. We aimed to expand understanding of this potential treatment risk.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This retrospective cohort study of type 2 diabetic patients &gt;68 years old used Medicare inpatient, outpatient (2003–2008), and prescription data (2006–2008). Adjusting for patient characteristics, dose, and metformin use, Cox models yielded hazard ratios (HRs) for incident cancer (breast, prostate, pancreas, colon, any site) associated with three forms of insulin: nonglargine, glargine, or glargine plus nonglargine (combination).

RESULTS
Overall, 81,681 patients were followed for a mean of 23.1 months. Mean age was 77.4 years. Treatment group distribution was 20.7% glargine, 60.5% nonglargine, 18.7% combination insulin. We observed 5,466 incident cancers; crude rates did not vary by treatment group. In fully adjusted models, nonglargine use was the referent; glargine was not associated with significant increased risk of any cancer measure. In secondary analyses including only the top quartile of daily insulin dose patients, glargine was not associated with any cancer risk difference; combination insulin was associated with higher breast cancer risk (HR 1.75 [95% CI 1.10–2.78]) and lower colon cancer risk (0.33 [0.13–0.80]). In age-stratified analyses of highest-dose users, combination insulin conferred a higher risk of breast cancer in those ≤75 years old (2.87 [1.45–1.59]).

CONCLUSIONS
The general lack of association between glargine-only use and cancer is reassuring. Breast cancer risk associated with high-dose combination insulin in secondary analyses could result from multiple comparisons, residual confounding, or true association; further research is warranted.
Ratio of Waist-to-Calf Circumference and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Korean Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Kim Soo-Kyung , Choi Young Ju , Huh Byung Wook , Kim Chul-Sik , Park Seok Won , Lee Eun Jig , Cho Yong-Wook , Huh Kap Bum 
Published: July 2011

OBJECTIVE
To investigate whether waist circumference (WC), calf circumference (CC), and waist-to-calf ratio (WCR) are associated with carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This was an observational study performed in 3,694 Korean patients with type 2 diabetes. Anthropometric measures and carotid ultrasound were performed on each subject. Carotid atherosclerosis was defined as having a clearly isolated focal plaque or mean carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) ≥1.1 mm.

RESULTS
CIMT and the frequency of carotid atherosclerosis were higher with increasing WC quartiles and decreasing CC quartiles. There was an augmentative effect of CC and WC on the frequency of carotid atherosclerosis, which was dramatically higher in both the highest WC quartile and lowest CC quartile. However, except for the relationship between the quartile of CC with the frequency of carotid atherosclerosis in men, those associations disappeared after adjusting for potential confounders. In contrast, WCR was significantly related to CIMT (only in women) and carotid atherosclerosis, even after adjustment (adjusted odds ratio for carotid atherosclerosis for the highest quartile of WCR compared with the lowest quartile being 1.178 [95% CI 1.026–1.353] and 1.276 [1.053–1.545] in men and women, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS
A low CC and high WC seems to be associated with a carotid atherosclerotic burden in Korean diabetic patients. In particular, compared with each circumference, WCR is independently associated with carotid atherosclerosis. However, the cross-sectional nature of the study limits conclusions regarding the direction or causality. Further longitudinal study is warranted in this and other ethnic groups.
The Influence of Chemical Activation on Tooth Bleaching Using 10% Carbamide Peroxide
Authors: Batista GR , Barcellos DC , Torres CRG , Goto EH , Pucci CR , Borges AB 
Published: July 2011

Clinical Relevance
If a chemical agent were able to accelerate the effects of bleaching agents on tooth structure, one could reduce treatment time or diminish the daily time spent on the bleaching procedures.
Effect of Immediate or Delayed Light Activation on Curing Kinetics and Shrinkage Stress of Dual-Cure Resin Cements
Authors: Faria-e-Silva A , Boaro L , Braga R , Piva E , Arias V , Martins L 
Published: July 2011

Clinical Relevance
Under clinical conditions, delayed light activation of dual-cured resin cements may be advantageous in order to reduce shrinkage stress.
Numerical investigation on composite material marine current turbine using CFD
Authors: Wang Jifeng , Müller Norbert 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
A novel manufacturing approach similar to filament winding has been developed and automated and is able to produce the Composite Material Marine Current Turbines (CMMCT), which have significant advantages over traditional designs. This paper presents numerical results to investigate the performance of these turbines. The numerical approach was performed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in a free stream of water with various hydrodynamic flow conditions. Static torque, extracted power and power coefficient were calculated at different rotating speeds in a free stream with various hydrodynamics flow conditions. The power coefficient of CMMCT was compared to that of traditional current turbines. The calculated results will provide a fundamental understanding of the impeller as a water turbine, and this design method is used to shorten the design process and improve the water turbine’s performance.
La Modernisation politique au Japon et l'idée de subjectivité chez Maruyama Masao
Authors: Uno Shigeki 
Published: July 2011

Maruyama Masao est un des historiens de la pensée politique et un des intellectuels les plus importants du Japon de l'après-guerre. La question qui nous intéresse dans cet article est de savoir dans quel sens il comprend la modernité et comment, en particulier, il la relie à la question du sujet. Maruyama, qui avait commencé par étudier la pensée confucianiste de l'époque d'Edo à l'Université impériale de Tokyo s'est, après la guerre, activement intéressé à de nombreux problèmes contemporains. Analysant le profil psychologique des dirigeants pendant la guerre, il se fait remarquer en développant l'idée de « système de l'irresponsabilité ». Par la suite, dans les années 1960, il entretient le débat en s'intéressant aux couches les plus anciennes de la pensée japonaise.
L'intérêt de Maruyama pour le sujet se comprend mieux lorsqu'on l'examine à la lumière des courants de pensée influents à son époque. Si Maruyama reconnaît l'influence du marxisme, il n'adhère pas à son déterminisme économique. Il lui semble nécessaire de réintroduire le point de vue du sujet dans son analyse de l'histoire. Cette conscience aiguë du problème de la subjectivité, Maruyama la partage avec les membres de Kindai bungaku (Littérature moderne) et la lie à une analyse du pouvoir politique. Enfin, dans le cadre du débat sur la modernisation auquel il prend également part, Maruyama défend l'idée qu'il ne faut pas perdre de vue la question du surgissement de la subjectivité pour saisir le processus de modernisation du Japon.
Activisme des actionnaires et responsabilité sociale de l'entreprise au Japon
Authors: Amann Bruno , Jaussaud Jacques , Kanie Akira 
Published: July 2011

Shareholder Activism and Corporate Social Responsibility in Japan.
Shareholder activism has grown in popularity during the last decade (first in the US, followed by Europe, then Japan) as a reaction to management latitude. Shareholder activism is defined as shareholders claiming their power as company owners to influence a corporation's behavior. One of the most common issues addressed through shareholder activism is the topic of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), or how a company takes into account shareholders (and other stakeholders) rights. This paper deals with the contemporary development of shareholder activism in Japan from the perspective of CSR.
Le premier des modernes ? La conception du lien social chez Kaiho Seiryô (1755-1817)
Authors: Ansart Olivier 
Published: July 2011

Cet article analyse la conception du lien social - ce qui lie les individus dans une société - implicite dans la pensée de Kaiho Seiryō (1755- 1817), et suggère qu'il est le premier dans le Japon des shogun Tokugawa à remettre radicalement en cause les anciennes conceptions au profit d'une vision très moderne de la société humaine.
Le point de départ de l'article est la vision des individus que développe Seiryô. Pour Seiryô, la caractéristique déterminante des êtres humains n'est plus, comme dans la tradition confucianiste, la possession de certaines dispositions morales, mais ce que, dans un langage moderne, nous appellerions la rationalité instrumentale. Cette représentation des êtres humains comme des agents égoïstes — intéressés avant tout à la maximisation de leur profit et capables d'effectuer les calculs nécessaires pour atteindre ce but — amène Seiryô à formuler l'idée d'un lien contractuel entre les membres de la société, renversant ainsi deux millénaires de tradition confucianiste.
Evidemment, une telle idée n'est pas sans précurseurs. Elle est aussi, et surtout, le produit du vaste réaménagement des structures sociales accompli pendant l'époque d'Edo. Ceci n'ôte cependant rien à l'importance du travail de Kaiho Seiryô, auquel les historiens n'ont, jusqu'à présent, prêté qu'une attention très limitée.
L'invention du mobilier domestique industriel normalisé - L'œuvre de Moriya Nobuo, pionnier du design industriel dans le Japon des années 1920
Authors: Gossot Anne 
Published: July 2011

La présente étude analyse les réalisations de Moriya Nobuo dans l'industrie du mobilier domestique préfabriqué pour tous des années 1920. Posant comme préalable que Moriya en fut un pionnier majeur, l'étude recense et analyse, principalement à travers ses écrits, les outils théoriques et techniques qu'il inventa pour conduire ce projet. Démocratiser l'usage du mobilier occidental pour l'inscrire définitivement au cœur de la société japonaise était l'un des axes majeurs de la « révolution dans l'industrie japonaise du mobilier » que Moriya s'était donné pour mission de lancer. Créer une culture du meuble au Japon impliquait de concevoir un mobilier moderne, autrement dit adapté à la société et aux usages de son temps et de son milieu : le nouveau Japon de la civilisation industrielle et urbaine. Tout en contribuant ainsi à créer une modernité réacculturée, Moriya visait, plus largement, à doter le Japon, qui n'en avait guère connu à travers son histoire, d'une tradition nationale de mobilier, ne serait-ce que pour améliorer le bien-être matériel et moral de la population, dont l'époque s'était donné le mot. Enfin, en posant les fondements des méthodes et critères de la normalisation de produit, nécessaire à la reproduction industrielle mécanique et à l'identique, Moriya a posé les bases du design industriel.
Outre contribuer à la connaissance de l'histoire du design et de l'histoire industrielle du Japon, la présente étude s'attache à montrer l'importance de l'œuvre de Moriya dans l'histoire culturelle du Japon, en éclairant son rôle dans le processus de modernisation économique, culturel et social de cette période cruciale qu'est l'avant-guerre.
Restructurations et rentabilité économique dans l'industrie française de 1985 à 1992
Authors: Kremp Élisabeth 
Published: July 2011

Cet article analyse l'impact des opérations de restructuration industrielle sur la rentabilité économique. Après avoir résumé la littérature existante pour dégager les différents facteurs qui peuvent expliquer les divergences de conclusions, on examine la sensibilité des résultats au concept de rentabilité économique retenu, puis à la prise en compte de l'hétérogénéité des comportements des entreprises, à leurs caractéristiques de survie, à leur taille, à leurs performances passées et au recul avec lequel l'effet d'une restructuration est jugé.
Plusieurs hypothèses sont testées : l'effet d'une restructuration peut être interprété comme un "moindre mal", comme le résultat d'un simple effet de retour vers la moyenne, ou comme une façon d'améliorer ses performances, une fois les valeurs initiales prises en compte. Les résultats poussent à retenir la dernière hypothèse. Les entreprises qui participent à une opération de restructuration ont, cinq ans après, amélioré leur rentabilité, même si cette amélioration n'est pas toujours suffisante pour que le niveau atteint soit comparable à celui des entreprises qui n'ont participé à aucune opération au cours de la même période.
La dynamique asymétrique de l'emploi au cours du cycle
Authors: Perraudin Corinne 
Published: July 2011

Cet article se propose d'étudier l'asymétrie cyclique de l'emploi en France, aux Etats-Unis, en Allemagne et en Angleterre à partir d'une modélisation non-linéaire univariée.
Notre travail retient à cet effet la classe des modèles Star ("Smooth Transition AutoRegressive"), modèles autorégressifs à plusieurs régimes avec transition lisse. Nous testons tout d'abord la présence de non-linéarité afin de spécifier le modèle adéquat à utiliser. Les estimations permettent alors de dégager la contribution du modèle non-linéaire à une meilleure reproduction du profil des fluctuations cycliques de l'emploi.