bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New concepts of strategic spatial planning dilemmas in the Dutch Randstad region
Authors: Salet Willem , Woltjer Johan 
Published: April 2009

PurposeDrawing on changes in the nature of European metropolitan development planning in general, and the example of the Randstad, in particular, the purpose of this paper is to argue for an improved interconnectedness between regions and their public and private sector agencies. These should be linked to “flows of social and economic interaction”, and, as such, complement conventional notions of “bounded spaces” and “nested territorial jurisdictions”. This is in response to the now crucial question for metropolitan planning of how to develop and renew effective institutional capacity to deal with the increasing spatial complexities at regional or metropolitan level.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is a case study‐based theoretical review of types of metropolitan planning, drawing on original policy documents and interviews with relevant policymakers.FindingsIt is shown that the answer to addressing the challenges of development planning at the city‐regional level is not primarily to enlarge the steering powers of regional planning per se, but to broaden its strategic network capacity through enlarging the coordinative and communicative intelligence of the intermediate regional planning bodies. This allows better responsiveness to the evident transformation processes within spatial development planning as such, with a growing emphasis on a strategic element within it. This, again, is more in line with the changeability of urban space.Originality/valueThe paper shows that the notion of spatial development planning has made a strong revival in the last ten years. It has been spatial planning that has attracted the key focus of debate, more so than adjacent policy‐making sectors (economic policy in particular).
Does low socioeconomic status affect use of nutritional services by pre‐diabetes patients?
Authors: Endevelt Ronit , Baron‐Epel Orna , Karpati Tomas , Heymann Anthony David 
Published: April 2009

PurposeThis paper's aim is to identify whether community‐level socioeconomic status (SES) predicts: screening test for pre‐diabetes; actual diagnosis of pre‐diabetes; or nutritional counseling.Design/methodology/approachThis is an analysis of 1,348,124 insured adults receiving medical care from Maccabi Healthcare Services (MHS) in 107 MHS clinics throughout Israel. The research population comprised 79 percent of the MHS members over 18 years of age in 2004‐2006. Area level socioeconomic data were drawn from the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics SES index for every geographical area and each MHS clinic in the study was coded from: −1.03 to 2.73 (−1.03 indicating low SES and 2.73+ high SES) according to the SES index for the location. The fasting glucose laboratory test was used for analysis. Pre‐diabetes diagnosis was based on a fasting glucose above 100 mg/dl. Nutritional counseling was defined by dietitian visits in the claims database.FindingsThe percentage of insured individuals who underwent blood glucose testing during the study increased with age from 67 percent at ages 18‐45 to 92 percent for age 65 and over. The percentage of individuals diagnosed with pre‐diabetes also increased with age, rising from 4 percent in the younger group to 14 percent in those aged 46‐65 and to 14‐16 percent of 65 and older. The percentage of individuals with pre‐diabetes who visited a dietitian was 16‐27 percent for those under 65 and 14‐17 percent for those over 65 (males and females, respectively). Individuals living in lower socioeconomic areas were less likely to have blood tests. Among tested patients, the prevalence of pre‐diabetes was higher in areas of lower SES and their dietitian visits were less frequent.Practical implicationsIn lower SES index areas, there is a need for better identification and treatment of patients.Originality/valueThe paper shows that a proactive approach is needed both to detect pre‐diabetes and to encourage patients to receive nutritional treatment.
Heeding the stains: Lacan and organizational change
Authors: Kenny Kate 
Published: April 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to add to current discussions on the use of Lacanian psychoanalysis in organizational change. Specifically, It argues that critiques of Lacan's work must be acknowledged and incorporated into these discussions. To date, there remains a silence surrounding these critiques within organization studies.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents the existing studies that draw upon Lacan's work in the context of organizational change initiatives. It highlights the value of this theory. Next, it outlines critiques of Lacan's concepts of phallus and incest taboo, and show how these concepts can be exclusionary.FindingsThe paper finds that there remains little debate within organization studies around such critiques. Lacan tends to be employed in ways that risk reproducing particular, exclusionary aspects of his theory. A homophobic and patriarchal legacy persists in appropriations of his writing. It outlines alternative ways of reading Lacan, which aim to avoid such exclusions. It shows how introducing such alternatives is a difficult project, first, given the silence surrounding critiques of Lacan in the organizational change literature. Second, following Foucault, It argues that language has power: a patriarchal schema is self‐reinforcing in its persistence within a particular discipline, and thus difficult to dislodge.Research limitations/implicationsGiven these findings, the paper concludes that organization theorists and practitioners ought to engage with critiques of Lacan's work, when employing it in their own. The silence surrounding such legacies is dangerous. It argues that the first step in engaging with Lacan's work should be to give voice to such critiques, if his writing is to be employed in the practice and study of organizational change.Originality/valueThis paper provides a unique engagement with Lacan's work in the context of the study and practice of organizational change interventions. It presents an evaluation of well‐known critiques and useful recommendations for theorists and practitioners considering a Lacanian approach to this area of management studies.
Melting temperature depression of Sn‐0.4Co‐0.7Cu lead‐free solder nanoparticles
Authors: Zou C.D. , Gao Y.L. , Yang B. , Zhai Q.J. , Andersson C. , Liu J. 
Published: April 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the melting temperature of the nanoparticles of the new developed Sn‐0.4Co‐0.7Cu (wt%) lead‐free solder alloy.Design/methodology/approachNanoparticles of Sn‐0.4Co‐0.7Cu lead‐free solder alloy were prepared by the self‐developed consumable‐electrode direct current arc technique, where ultrasonic vibration was applied during the manufacturing of the particles. X‐ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscope were employed to analyze the crystal structure and morphology of the nanopartiles, respectively. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to investigate the melting temperature of both the bulk alloy and as‐prepared nanoparticles.FindingsThe melting temperature of the nanoparticles was approximately 5°C lower compared to that of the bulk alloy.Originality/valueAs a novel developed lead‐free solder alloy, the Sn‐0.4Co‐0.7Cu (wt%) alloy provides a cost advantage compared to the extensively used Sn‐Ag‐Cu system. Some limitations still exist, however, mainly due to its relatively higher melting temperature compared to that of eutectic Sn‐37Pb solder. In view of this situation, the attempt to lower its melting temperature has recently attracted more attention based on the knowledge that the melting temperature for pure metals is reduced when the particle size is decreased down to a few tens of nanometers.
Interfacial reactions between Sn‐Cu based multicomponent solders and Ni substrates during soldering and aging
Authors: Zhao Ning , Ma Hai‐tao , Wang Lai 
Published: April 2009

PurposeThe paper aims to investigate the interfacial reactions between two Sn‐Cu based multicomponent Pb‐free solders, Sn‐2Cu‐0.5Ni and Sn‐2Cu‐0.5Ni‐0.5Au (wt per cent), and Ni substrates during soldering and aging.Design/methodology/approachDifferential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was performed to measure the melting behaviors of the solders and determine the temperature of soldering. DSC tests showed that the onset temperature were 227.47 and 224.787°C for Sn‐2Cu‐0.5Ni and Sn‐2Cu‐0.5Ni‐0.5Au, respectively. Two intermetallic compounds (IMCs), Cu6Sn5 and (Cu,Ni)6Sn5, were formed in Sn‐2Cu‐0.5Ni solder. While the IMCs detected in Sn‐2Cu‐0.5Ni‐0.5Au matrix were (Cu,Ni)6Sn5, (Cu,Au)6Sn5 and (Cu,Ni)6Sn5. The IMC layer formed at the both solder/Ni interfaces was (Cu,Ni)6Sn5 with stick‐lick morphology after soldering at 260°C.FindingsThe interfacial IMC layers became planar when aged at 170°C for 500 h. However, cracks were found in the IMC layers at both joints when the aging time reached 1,000 h, that implies reliability problem may exist in the joints. Moreover, Au‐containing IMCs were found on the top of the IMC layer in Sn‐2Cu‐0.5Ni‐0.5Au/Ni joint after for 1,000 h.Originality/valueThis study focuses on the interfacial reactions of Sn‐2Cu‐0.5Ni/Ni and Sn‐2Cu‐0.5Au/Ni during soldering and isothermal aging.
Thermal cycling of lead‐free Sn‐3.8Ag‐0.7Cu 388PBGA packages
Authors: Andersson C. , Vandevelde B. , Noritake C. , Sun P. , Tegehall P.E. , Andersson D.R. , Wetter G. , Liu J. 
Published: April 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess the effect of different temperature cycling profiles on the reliability of lead‐free 388 plastic ball grid array (PBGA) packages and to deeply understand crack initiation and propagation.Design/methodology/approachTemperature cycling of Sn‐3.8Ag‐0.7Cu PBGA packages was carried out at two temperature profiles, the first ranging between −55°C and 100°C (TC1) and the second between 0°C and 100°C (TC2). Crack initiation and propagation was analyzed periodically and totally 7,000 cycles were run for TC1 and 14,500 for TC2. Finite element modeling (FEM), for the analysis of strain and stress, was used to corroborate the experimental results.FindingsThe paper finds that TC1 had a characteristic life of 5,415 cycles and TC2 of 14,094 cycles, resulting in an acceleration factor of 2.6 between both profiles. Cracks were first visible for TC1, after 2,500 cycles, and only after 4,000 cycles for TC2. The crack propagation rate was faster for TC1 compared to TC2, and faster at the package side compared to the substrate side. The difference in crack propagation rate between the package side and substrate side was much larger for TC1 compared to TC2. Cracks developed first at the package side, and were also larger compared to the substrate side. The Cu tracks on the substrate side affected the crack propagation sites and behaved as SMD. All cracks propagated through the solder and crack propagation was mainly intergranular. Crack propagation was very random and did not follow the distance to neutral point (DNP) theory. FEM corroborated the experimental results, showing both the same critical location of highest creep strain and the independence of DNP.Originality/valueSuch extensive work on the reliability assessment of Pb‐free 388 PBGA packages has never been performed. This work also corroborates the results from other studies showing the difference in behavior between Pb‐free and Pb‐containing alloys.
Restorative servicescapes: restoring directed attention in third places
Authors: Rosenbaum Mark S. 
Published: April 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to introduce restorative servicescapes. The work demonstrates that younger‐aged consumers may remedy symptoms associated with directed attention fatigue, including adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), by patronizing third places, such as video arcades and coffee shops.Design/methodology/approachThis paper evaluates a servicescape's restorative potential by drawing on established measures. Attention restoration theory (ART) has been explored in natural and environmental psychology, rather than marketing. The first study uses survey methodology to explore whether teenagers who patronize a video arcade sense its restorative potential. The second study uses survey methodology to explore the relationship between patronizing a restorative third place and being at risk for ADHD.FindingsStudy 1 reveals that video arcade patrons sense the arcade's restorative potential. Therefore, commercial servicescapes may possess restorative qualities. Study 2 reveals that college‐aged students, who patronize a restorative servicescape, are significantly less likely than other students to be at risk for experiencing ADHD.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the data reveal a relationship between restorative servicescapes and ADHD risk, a diagnosis is not obtained. Furthermore, because survey methodology is employed, the causal influence of restorative servicescapes cannot be evaluated on their customers' health. However, commercial servicescapes can mimic the restorative properties found in nature. Thus, the health potential of public places on health may be profound.Practical implicationsEducational institutions, governmental agencies, and parents should consider publicly supporting third places for teenagers because doing so can remedy symptoms associated with mental fatigue.Originality/valueThe paper brings ART into the marketing discipline.
Emotions and stability in telecom‐customer relationships
Authors: Roos Inger , Friman Margareta , Edvardsson Bo 
Published: April 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate whether or not emotions experienced in customer relationships – linked to actual behavior – could enhance understanding of their future development.Design/methodology/approachA number of individual‐level relationships between customers and telecom operators are investigated. The empirical data consist of 113 switching stories reported during 81 interviews with telecom customers.FindingsIn the analysis, emotional experiences are related to customers' activity or passivity and to the stability (switching or not) in the relationships. The most important research contribution is the identification of different emotions related to actual behavior. Less stable customers are pessimistic about the operators and show nervousness, while stable customers may have initially been depressed in their relationships, becoming more relaxed and optimistic over time. Emotions do not seem to have the capacity in themselves to cause stability or instability, but they confirm through their connection to different types of trigger whether the relationship will be stable or unstable.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of the present study are based on a longitudinal empirical study, but only in one industry. Although, the telecom industry may provide a very fruitful context for the longitudinal study of stability in customer relationships because of the turbulence it has experienced during the last decade, the industry representation is narrow.Practical implicationsCustomers do not sever their emotional ties with the previous relationship when they enter the new one. On the contrary, they linger in the switched‐from relationship at least at first, which is indicated in the various emotional expressions they use. The present study takes some initial steps towards enhancing understanding of the dynamism in providing an insight into customers' differing emotional reactions connected to triggers during one and the same relationship.Originality/valueTaking a longitudinal approach from the customers' perspective produces a set boundaries of customer relationships that may not coincide with the set boundaries seen from the service providers' perspective. According to the findings of the present study, it seems almost impossible to understand customer relationships without following customers on an individual level in both previous and current relationships. Despite the fact that dynamism in customer relationships is widely discussed in previous research, few studies have applied such a perspective.
Marketing Japan's travel and tourism industry to international tourists
Authors: Uzama Austin 
Published: April 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to offer some marketing suggestions for increasing the number of international tourists visiting Japan.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is a combination of the author's personal experiences and past associations working in the travel industry in Japan for 12 years. Data sources included amongst others: newspapers, business news magazines, academic journals, internet, the Japan National Tourism Organization database and other sources.FindingsJapan will have to move beyond its lip service “Yokoso! Japan” campaign slogan, and formulate a long‐term tactical and strategic marketing plan.Research limitations/implicationsSome of the data used in the paper are inconsistent. While, for example, the Japan National Tourism Organisation ( JNTO) recorded 3.8 million foreign visitors in 2004, the official figure used during the launching of “Yokoso! Japan” campaign in 2003 was 6.14 million. It should be noted that, because all short‐term visitors either for sightseeing, diplomatic, conference or business to Japan are issued a 90‐day tourist visa, it is difficult to differentiate who is a tourist. For this reason, this paper, using JNTO's data, defines all foreign visitors with a 90‐day visa to Japan as tourists.Originality/valueSome of the recommendations will help all stakeholders in the industry to increase the number of international tourists visiting Japan.
A role for business in the War on Terror
Authors: Howie Luke 
Published: April 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present research findings that improve our understanding of the role for business in the “War on Terror”. This paper is not about examining counter‐terrorism commodities or products. Rather, this paper aims to examine management attitudes and techniques for creating images of security that work to reduce the risk of terrorism.Design/methodology/approachA brief literature exploration informs research that was carried out in Melbourne, Australia in 2005 with managers in organisations located in Melbourne's central business district (CBD). This research comprised in‐depth interviews of 40‐60 minutes in length. In total, 12 managers were interviewed. Two key respondents emerged and their views are presented in this paper.FindingsIt is argued in this paper that managers are compelled to engage in counter‐terrorism in order to protect customers, clients and the public. Yet counter‐terrorism security is often not what it seems. When businesses are engaged in countering terrorism they are engaged in creating images of security.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample population for this research is quite small and is not intended to be representative or generalisable to a larger population. Rather, this research represents special cases where counter‐terrorism has become an important consideration for business security. The results highlight effective and tangible mechanisms that managers can adopt to play a key role in the “War on Terror”.Practical implicationsThis research can assist managers in preparing their response to terrorism and the threat it poses to their business.Originality/valueResearch on terrorism and business is rare and often under‐developed. This research contributes to our understanding of how businesses must confront and respond to terrorism.
Knowledge transfer between preparedness and emergency response: a case study
Authors: Eriksson Kerstin 
Published: April 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the transfer of knowledge between preparedness activities and emergency response at the municipal level to improve emergency response.Design/methodology/approachA case study was carried out in the municipality of Ljungby using prewritten questions to analyse the collected empirical material. This material consisted of both municipality documents and interviews. The investigation involved municipal units that participate in emergency preparedness activities and those involved in the emergency response to a violent storm Gudrun that took place in 2005.FindingsThe findings show that the people in charge of the immediate response to the storm did not effectively use the analytic preparations created by those responsible for planning and preparations. Indeed to a great extent they used general response patterns and functions discovered from their own earlier experiences. These findings led to the development of a preliminary draft of requirements for a well‐functioning knowledge transfer from emergency preparedness work to response.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper demonstrates a need for municipalities to develop methods to increase transfer of knowledge of preparedness plans and analyses to improve response.Originality/valueThe paper shows that there is a potential to improve the preparedness process to reduce the gap between preparedness planning and its use in emergency response. The paper suggests a preliminary proposal for developing preparedness activities (in particular risk and vulnerability analyses) more suitable for emergency response.
Framing effects on preparation intentions: distinguishing actions and outcomes
Authors: McClure John , White Jo , Sibley Chris G. 
Published: April 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show whether positive or negative framing of preparation messages leads to higher intentions to prepare for earthquakes, and whether the more important component of the message is the framing of the preparation action or the framing of the outcome of not preparing.Design/methodology/approachFour message conditions were created by crossing the framing of preparation actions (taking or not taking action) and the framing of outcomes (experiencing harm and avoiding harm in an earthquake). They were presented to citizens (n=240) in Wellington, New Zealand, who judged the general importance of preparation and specific preparation steps.FindingsThe study finds that intentions to undertake both general and specific preparation were higher with negatively framed outcomes than positive outcomes. With specific actions, negative outcomes led to higher intentions to prepare when the action frame was positive (i.e. being well prepared).Research limitations/implicationsThis research shows that negative framing should apply to outcome preparation and not to the action of preparingPractical implicationsThese findings clarify that negative framing of outcomes is likely to increase preventive actions in relation to natural hazards.Originality/valueThis is the first study to show the affects of message framing on preparing for disasters.