bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An energy budget approach for evaluating the biocontrol potential of cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii) by the ladybeetle Propylaea japonica
Authors: Gao Feng , Jifon John , Liu Xiang‐Hui , Ge Feng 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBiological control of economically important crop pests is an important component of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies. Predator–prey energy relationships are critical to the success of biocontrol strategies; however, these relationships are often ignored in many IPM programs. In this study, the biocontrol potential of cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), by the ladybeetle Propylaea japonica (Thunberg) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) was estimated in terms of energy budgets calculated at 27 ± 1 °C. The energy equivalent of prey subjects (aphids) consumed was estimated from bomb calorimetry and partitioned into the energy associated with ingestion, assimilation, respiration, reproduction, and waste for each developmental stage of the lady beetle. The average assimilation efficiencies for larval and adult ladybeetles were 88.2 and 91.1%, respectively, whereas net ecological efficiencies were 17.6% for larvae and 2.6% for adults. Similarly, assimilation efficiencies of cotton aphids were 71.5 and 74.4% for nymphs and adults, respectively. Based on energy budget calculations, approximately 520, 3‐day‐old aphids and 5 356, 3‐day‐old aphids were estimated to be consumed by the ladybeetle larval stage and the female adult stage, respectively. These estimates were similar to the actual number of aphids consumed by the ladybeetles, based on actual counts. The current data demonstrate that P. japonica is an important natural enemy of the cotton aphid, and that predator–prey energy relationships can play a critical role in biocontrol strategies and IPM programs.
Aestivation and diapause syndromes reduce the water balance requirements for pupae of the Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor
Authors: Benoit Joshua B. , Morton Philip K. , Cambron Susan E. , Patrick Kevin R. , Schemerhorn Brandon J. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractWe report the water balance of aestivating (summer), diapausing (winter), and non‐diapausing pupae of Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Maintaining water requirements during pupal dormancy is particularly important because water cannot be replenished actively by drinking. Dehydration tolerance (25% loss before succumbing to dehydration) and water content (63–65%) were not different for the three types of pupae. Differences were noted in the net transpiration rates (NTRs, % body water per hour at 0% r.h.) between dormant (0.24–0.28% per hour) and non‐diapausing (0.47% per hour) pupae 10 days after pupariation, but not between aestivating (0.28% per hour) and diapausing (0.24% per hour) pupae. These reduced NTRs result in extended pupal survival, indicated by adult eclosion, during exposure to dehydrating conditions. Net transpiration rates for aestivating and diapausing pupae were further reduced as dormancy progressed (up to 130 days) until individuals were moved to conditions that break dormancy. Pupae could not take up water from the atmosphere below vapor saturation (100% r.h. or 1.00 av), and rely upon contact with liquid water or moist plant tissue to replenish their water stores. The critical transition temperatures (CTT) of the aestivating and diapausing pupae were significantly higher than those of non‐diapausing pupae, suggesting that modified cuticular lipids are present on aestivating and diapausing pupae. Thus, aestivation and diapause trigger a dormancy specific water balance profile characterized by reduced NTRs and increased CTTs.
An economic evaluation of different sinus lift techniques
Authors: Listl Stefan , Faggion Clovis Mariano 
Published: June 2010

Listl S, Faggion CM. An economic evaluation of different sinus lift techniques. J Clin Periodontol 2010; 37: 777‐787 doi:10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01577.x.AbstractPurpose:To identify the most cost‐effective approach to sinus lifting on the basis of currently available evidence.Methods:We incorporate the costs and clinical outcomes of nine different sinus lift techniques within a decision tree model in which costs are based on insurance regulations in Germany and health outcomes follow two recent meta‐analyses. The most cost‐effective treatment option is identified on the basis of the maximum net benefit criterion. Uncertainties regarding health outcomes are incorporated via probabilistic sensitivity analysis based on Monte‐Carlo simulation.Results:When there are no financial restrictions, the optimum treatment strategy is the lateral approach with autogenous particulate bone and a resorbable membrane. When, however, monetary resources for sinus‐floor elevation are scarce, the most cost‐effective option is the transalveolar technique without bone grafting. Only if relatively high costs can be afforded or if initial bone height at implant site is below 5 mm is the maximum net benefit achieved by lateral approaches.Conclusions:On the basis of currently available evidence, the transalveolar technique is advisable when monetary resources for sinus‐floor elevation are scarce and initial bone height is sufficiently high. Lateral approaches are primarily recommended for lower pre‐operative bone heights.
Therapy‐related leukemia following chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer
Authors: Mimura Naoya , Tsujimura Hideki , Ise Mikiko , Sakai Chikara , Takagi Toshiyuki , Nagata Matsuo , Kumagai Kyoya 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemoradiotherapy has improved the outcome of patients with esophageal cancer. Although a sufficiently long‐time survival has resulted in the increase of several treatment‐related late toxicities, little is still known about the incidence of secondary malignancies. In our hospital, 348 patients with esophageal cancer received chemotherapy consisting of nedaplatin and 5‐fluorouracil and concurrent irradiation. Median and average follow‐up durations were 8 and 21 months (1–92), respectively. Four patients developed leukemia after 19–48 months of follow‐up. Two patients were diagnosed with overt leukemia from myelodysplastic syndrome presenting a complex karyotype, including the deletion of chromosome 5 or 7. Notably, one patient showed an additional chromosomal abnormality with t(9;22)(q34;q11). Other patients developed acute myeloid leukemia with t(9;22)(q34;q11) and Burkitt leukemia with t(8;14)(q24;q32). All patients eventually succumbed to leukemia. Platinum and fluorouracil have shown relatively lower risks for secondary malignancies in comparison with alkylating agents and topoisomerase II inhibitors. Especially, nedaplatin has never been described to introduce secondary neoplasms. Our report supports the idea that the concurrent administration of radiotherapy with these agents affects the risk of leukemia. Interestingly, rare balanced chromosomal abnormalities were observed in the present cases, thus providing new insights into the leukemogenesis of therapy‐related leukemia.
Adipocytokines and bone mineral density in adolescent female athletes
Authors: Gruodytė R , Jürimäe J , Cicchella A , Stefanelli C , Passariello C , Jürimäe T 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAim:  To evaluate the relationships of visfatin, adiponectin and leptin with bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in adolescent female athletes with different training patterns.Methods:  This study involved 170 healthy 13–15‐year‐old girls divided into six groups based on activity: sport games (i.e. basketball, volleyball, badminton) (n = 49), track sprint (n = 24), rhythmic gymnastics (n = 23), swimming (n = 24), cross‐country skiing (n = 17) and sedentary controls (n = 33). BMD and BMC at femoral neck and lumbar spine (L2–L4) were measured using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Visfatin, adiponectin, leptin, insulin and glucose were measured, and the insulin resistance index was calculated using homeostasis model assessment.Results:  There were no relationships found between visfatin concentrations and bone mineral parameters in adolescent female athletes or controls. Adiponectin was inversely correlated to BMD and BMC of femoral neck and lumbar spine (r=−0.47–0.62) in the swimmer group only, but after adjustments for age, height and body mass these associations disappeared. Leptin concentrations correlated with bone mineral parameters even after adjusting for age, height and body mass (r = 0.42–0.63) in the gymnast group only.Conclusion:  We may conclude that after adjustment, leptin is the only adipokine of those measured that correlates to femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD and femoral neck BMC in the rhythmic gymnast group.
Lack of correlation between canine heart rate and body size in veterinary clinical practice
Authors: Ferasin L. , Ferasin H. , Little C. J. L. 
Published: June 2010

Objectives: An association between heart rate (HR) and bodyweight has been reported in dogs and it is common belief that small breeds of dog exhibit higher HR than large breeds. The first aim of this study was to test the null hypothesis that, in veterinary clinical practice, bodyweight does not affect HR measured in healthy dogs. A second objective of this investigation was to assess whether other variables, such as gender, breed morphology, age and demeanour, may have a significant effect on dog’s HR measured in a clinical setting. Methods: The investigation was performed via two different studies: a retrospective analysis performed on 243 electrocardiogram recordings and a prospective study based on 153 standardised clinical examinations. Results: The two separate studies did not show any significant correlation between HR and bodyweight (P=0·5705 and P=0·4682, respectively). Subject’s breed morphology and gender did not appear to affect HR measured under these circumstances. However, dogs under the age of one year seem to have significantly higher HRs than older dogs (P < 0·05). Finally, subject’s demeanour was also found to have a significant influence on HR; lower values were recorded in relaxed dogs, and higher rates were documented in excited, nervous dogs (P < 0·05). Clinical Significance: Normal HR could be erroneously interpreted as bradycardia or tachycardia if bodyweight was to be considered a determinant factor. Instead, HR in healthy dogs undergoing routine clinical examination is related to their demeanour or age, if younger than 12 months, but does not appear to be related to bodyweight.
REVIEW: The role of anthropometric measurements in nasal surgery and research: a systematic review
Authors: Doddi N. M. , Eccles R. 
Published: June 2010

Clin. Otolaryngol. 2010, 35, 277–283Background:  Anthropometric measurements of the nose provide objective data about the size and shape of the nose. Data of average nasal anthropometric values for various ethnic groups is promoted to be of great importance in planning aesthetic nasal surgery, but there may be fundamental problems with this approach.Objective of review:  To collate existing knowledge on nasal anthropometry and, determine its value to the nasal surgeon, in planning aesthetic nasal surgery and in research.Search strategy:  A structured search of PubMed was performed from 1 January 1973 to 31 December 2009 focussing on nasal anthropometry. The MeSH keywords used were nasal/nose, anthropometry/history/methods/measurements, aesthetic, surgery, nose, otorhinolaryngologic surgical procedures.Results:  There is published literature on the average values of the nasal dimensions for various ethnic groups, to aid surgeons in planning improvements of the face. However the large overlap of anthropometric data between racial groups and the lack of any scientific basis for the concept of race means that the published data for racial groups is of little use in planning nasal surgery.Nasal anthropometry, however, helps to answer important clinical questions in research. It has established the role of primary rhinoplasty in patients with cleft lip nasal deformity. It serves as an objective tool to investigate whether reconstructive nasal septoplasty in the paediatric population has any deleterious effect on nasal growth. Anthropometry also helps in the characterisation of dysmorphic syndromes.Conclusions:  The published anthropometric data for racial groups is of little use in planning nasal surgery. Anthropometric measurements of the nose may help to answer important clinical questions in research on the effects of surgery on nasal and facial development.
Correlation between attenuated psychotic experiences and depressive symptoms among Japanese students
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroyuki , Yamazawa Ryoko , Nemoto Takahiro , Murakami Masaaki , Kashima Haruo , Mizuno Masafumi 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAims: To examine the emergence of attenuated psychotic experiences, self‐disturbance or affective symptoms among younger subjects in the general population and to investigate the intergroup differences on each symptom between adolescents and post‐adolescents.Methods: A total of 781 participants, 496 university students (mean age: 19.3 ± 1.1 years) and 285 high school students (mean age: 16.0 ± 0.3 years), were administered self‐reported questionnaires. Psychotic prodromal symptoms were evaluated using the PRIME Screen‐Revised (PS‐R), a 12‐item self‐reported questionnaire. To measure the cognitive, emotional and physical symptoms associated with depression, the Zung Self‐rating Depression Scale (ZSDS), a 20‐item self‐reported questionnaire, was administered.Results: There were no intergroup differences on the factor score of the PS‐R, except the self‐demarcation factor (post‐adolescents > adolescents), whereas there were significant differences in the factor score of the ZSDS, except for the anxiety factor. Among the post‐adolescents, the factors of the PS‐R showed a moderate correlation to the cognitive factor on the ZSDS; among the adolescents, the PS‐R factors showed a greater correlation to the anxiety factor on the ZSDS than other factors. There were no differences in the distribution of each item of the PS‐R between the two groups.Conclusions: The disturbance of self results in difficulty to precisely objectify, especially among adolescents, which would induce more primitive reactions such as agitation, irritability or anxiety; probably, the self disturbance would become an explicit symptom from an implicit experience with advancing age of the subject. Although these data are only preliminary, they could explain the pathway of progression prior to the onset of psychosis, from disturbance within the self to exaggerated self‐absorption.
Pioglitazone and the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with Type 2 diabetes receiving concomitant treatment with nitrates, renin–angiotensin system blockers, or insulin: results from the PROactive study (PROactive 20)
Authors: ERDMANN Erland , SPANHEIMER Robert , CHARBONNEL Bernard ,   on behalf of the PROactive Study Investigators
Published: June 2010

AbstractBackground:  Patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are often treated with multiple glucose‐lowering and cardiovascular agents. The concomitant use of nitrates, renin–angiotensin system (RAS) blockers, or insulin has been linked to a potential increase in myocardial ischemic risk with rosiglitazone. The PROactive database provides an opportunity to investigate the effects of these medications on the potential macrovascular benefits reported with pioglitazone.Methods:  The PROactive study was a randomized double‐blind prospective trial that evaluated mortality and cardiovascular morbidity in 5238 patients with T2DM and macrovascular disease. Patients received pioglitazone or placebo in addition to their baseline glucose‐lowering and cardiovascular medications. The effect of pioglitazone on composite endpoints was evaluated, including all‐cause death, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke, as well as safety events of edema and serious heart failure, in subgroups using nitrates, RAS blockers, or insulin at baseline.Results:  The risk of all‐cause death, MI, and stroke for pioglitazone versus placebo was similar regardless of the baseline use of nitrates, RAS blockers, or insulin, with hazard ratios ranging from 0.81 to 0.87. Similar results were obtained for the other composite endpoints analyzed. There were no significant interactions between baseline medication subgroups and treatment. The increased risk of edema and serious heart failure was consistent across the baseline medication subgroups.Conclusions:  This post hoc analysis did not reveal an increased risk of macrovascular events with pioglitazone in patients receiving nitrates, RAS blockers, or insulin. Rather, all patients realized the same trend towards benefit with pioglitazone, and adverse events of edema and heart failure were predictable.
Ocular axial length and corneal refraction in children with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS I‐Hurler)
Authors: Fahnehjelm Kristina Teär , Törnquist Alba Lucia , Winiarski Jacek 
Published: June 2010

Abstract.Background/aims:  To assess corneal refraction and axial length in children with mucopolysaccharidosis I‐Hurler (MPS I‐H), treated early with stem cell transplantation (SCT), in order to establish possible causes of hyperopia.Methods:  Clinical ophthalmological follow‐up included keratometry and measurements of axial length.Results:  Five patients, with SCT performed before 23 months of age, were examined. Median age was 8.2 years (range 5.2–10.5). Best‐corrected decimal visual acuity was ≥0.5 (≥20/40 Snellen fraction) in seven of 10 eyes. High hyperopia, ranging from +4.0 to +9.0 spherical equivalents, was noted in all 10 eyes. Mild to moderate corneal opacities occurred in all 10 eyes. Optic disc areas, borders and cuppings were normal in all 10 eyes. No patient had glaucoma. Keratometry could be performed in five patients and demonstrated low values in the group ranging from 38.24 to 41.56 Diopters (D) right eye to 38.24–41.94 D left eye, which was significantly lower than the age matching reference material (p < 0.05). Axial lengths, available in five patients, ranged between 20.68 to 21.57 mm right eye and 20.52 to 21.38 mm left eye, which also was lower than the age matching reference material (p < 0.05).Conclusion:  Reduced axial length together with reduced corneal refraction is suggested to be causative to the hyperopia in patients with MPS I Hurler. Detection of refractive errors and prescription of eye glasses are important to avoid amblyopia.
Investigation of vasculogenic mimicry in sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid
Authors: Xu Xiaofang , Jia Renbing , Zhou Yixiong , Song Xin , Fan Xianqun 
Published: June 2010

Abstract.Purpose:  Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is a newly proposed pattern of tumour angiogenesis that has been identified in some malignancies and is associated with poor prognosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether sebaceous carcinomas of the eyelid exhibit VM and to determine whether these fluid‐conducting patterns are associated with clinicopathologic features, the number of microvessels and the levels of endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloprotease‐2 (MMP‐2) in tumours.Methods:  Forty paraffin‐embedded samples of sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid were collected, along with complete clinical and pathologic data for all the cases. Tissue sections were stained for CD34, periodic acid and Schiff (PAS), VEGF and MMP‐2. VM was identified by the presence of PAS‐positive and CD34‐negative loops lined by tumour cells. The VM status of tumour samples was compared with the clinical and pathological data using statistical tests. The levels of VEGF, MMP‐2 and the number of microvessels were compared between patients with and without VM.Results:  VM was detected in 14 of 40 (35%) tumour samples. The existence of VM in tumours was associated with tumour size (p = 0.007) and recurrence (p = 0.021). The number of microvessels was lower in tumours with VM (13.03 ± 4.02 versus 22.99 ± 7.72; p < 0.0001). The staining index of MMP‐2 was higher in tumours with VM (27.43, range: 0–5.3) compared to tumours without VM (16.77, range: 0–2.7; p = 0.004). However, there was no difference in the expression of VEGF between groups with and without VM (p = 0.244).Conclusions:  Vasculogenic mimicry is present in sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid making it an unfavourable prognosis sign. MMP‐2 is associated with VM formation in sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid.
Case series of pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus from Kerala: comparison with other Indian series
Authors: KUMAR Sharath , NAIR Sathyajith , RAJAM Lalitha 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAim:  To determine the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients diagnosed with pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (pSLE) in the general pediatrics department of a tertiary level hospital in southern India and compare them to data of case series from other parts of the country.Methods:  Retrospective chart review by two independent reviewers. All patients diagnosed with SLE in the pediatrics department of the Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences hospital between 1 January 2004 and 31 September 2008, were included in the study.Results:  Twenty children were diagnosed with pSLE in the above‐mentioned period (female : male ratio 2.3 : 1.0). Fever (75% of patients) and arthralgia (65%) were the most common clinical presenting features. Many patients who were referred as ‘Fever of unknown origin’ (37.5%) or ‘idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura’ (15%) fulfilled the diagnosis of SLE on detailed evaluation. Renal manifestations were present in 11 patients, seven of whom underwent a biopsy. Class IV lupus nephritis was the most common finding (4/7). A very high percentage of our patients had hypocomplementemia (85%). The statistical significance of the differences between our cohort and previously reported cohorts could not be determined.Conclusions:  pSLE patients in our series, compared to previous literature from India had a much higher incidence of fever, thrombocytopenia and hypocomplementemia at presentation and much lower incidence of arthritis. It is unclear whether these differences represent unique characteristics of ethnically dissimilar subsets of the Indian population. A high index of suspicion should be maintained in order to make an early diagnosis of pSLE, since the most common presenting features in our cohort were arthralgia and fever.
Diagnosis of Paget’s disease of the pelvis using F‐18 FDG PET/CT
Authors: WOO Jin‐Hyun , KIM Sungeun , CHOI Seong J. , LEE Young H. , JI Jong D. , SONG Gwan G. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractSclerotic lesions of the right iliac bone were discovered incidentally in a 52‐year‐old Korean woman. In this case, imaging of the right iliac bone showed intense osteoblastic activity on the bone scan and very mild F‐18‐fluoro‐2‐deoxyglucose (FDG) uptake on positron emission tomography (PET). Since Paget’s disease is rare in Koreans, we aimed to rule out other bone diseases such as osteoblastic metastasis or osteomyelitis. These results allowed us to exclude chronic osteomyelitis or malignancy and clarify the diagnosis of Paget’s disease of the iliac bone. This case illustrates how F‐18 FDG PET/CT can be a useful tool in the differential diagnosis of various bone diseases.