bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lymphocyte CFTR promotes epithelial bicarbonate secretion for bacterial killing
Authors: Tang Xiao Xiao , Fok Kin Lam , Chen Hao , Chan Kay Sheung , Tsang Lai Ling , Rowlands Dewi Kenneth , Zhang Xiao Hu , Da Dong Jian , Ruan Ye Chun , Jiang Xiaohua , Yu Sidney Siu Bun , Chung Yiu Wa , Chan Hsiao Chang 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe expression of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in lymphocytes has been reported for nearly two decades; however, its physiological role remains elusive. Here, we report that co‐culture of lymphocytes with lung epithelial cell line, Calu‐3, promotes epithelial HCO production/secretion with up‐regulated expression of carbonic anhydrase 2 and 4 (CA‐2, CA‐4) and enhanced bacterial killing capability. The lymphocyte‐enhanced epithelial HCO secretion and bacterial killing activity was abolished when Calu3 cells were co‐cultured with lymphocytes from CFTR knockout mice, or significantly reduced by interfering with E‐cadherin, a putative binding partner of CFTR. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced E‐cadherin and CA‐4 expression in the challenged lung was also found to be impaired in CFTR knockout mice compared to that of the wild‐type. These results suggest that the interaction between lymphocytes and epithelial cells may induce a previously unsuspected innate host defense mechanism against bacterial infection by stimulating epithelial HCO production/secretion, which requires CFTR expression in lymphocytes. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 3887–3894, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Kinesin spindle protein SiRNA slows tumor progression
Authors: Marra Emanuele , Palombo Fabio , Ciliberto Gennaro , Aurisicchio Luigi 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe kinesin spindle protein (KSP), a member of the kinesin superfamily of microtubule‐based motors, plays a critical role in mitosis as it mediates centrosome separation and bipolar spindle assembly and maintenance. Inhibition of KSP function leads to cell cycle arrest at mitosis with the formation of monoastral microtubule arrays, and ultimately, to cell death. Several KSP inhibitors are currently being studied in clinical trials and provide new opportunities for the development of novel anticancer therapeutics. RNA interference (RNAi) may represent a powerful strategy to interfere with key molecular pathways involved in cancer. In this study, we have established an efficient method for intratumoral delivery of siRNA. We evaluated short interfering RNA (siRNA) duplexes targeting luciferase as surrogate marker or KSP sequence. To examine the potential feasibility of RNAi therapy, the siRNA was transfected into pre‐established lesions by means of intratumor electro‐transfer of RNA therapeutics (IERT). This technology allowed cell permeation of the nucleic acids and to efficiently knock down gene expression, albeit transiently. The KSP‐specific siRNA drastically reduced outgrowth of subcutaneous melanoma and ovarian cancer lesions. Our results show that intratumoral electro‐transfer of siRNA is feasible and KSP‐specific siRNA may provide a novel strategy for therapeutic intervention. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 58–64, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The abbreviated pluripotent cell cycle
Authors: Kapinas Kristina , Grandy Rodrigo , Ghule Prachi , Medina Ricardo , Becker Klaus , Pardee Arthur , Zaidi Sayyed K. , Lian Jane , Stein Janet , van Wijnen Andre , Stein Gary 
Published: May 2012

AbstractHuman embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells proliferate rapidly and divide symmetrically producing equivalent progeny cells. In contrast, lineage committed cells acquire an extended symmetrical cell cycle. Self‐renewal of tissue‐specific stem cells is sustained by asymmetric cell division where one progeny cell remains a progenitor while the partner progeny cell exits the cell cycle and differentiates. There are three principal contexts for considering the operation and regulation of the pluripotent cell cycle: temporal, regulatory, and structural. The primary temporal context that the pluripotent self‐renewal cell cycle of hESCs is a short G1 period without reducing periods of time allocated to S phase, G2, and mitosis. The rules that govern proliferation in hESCs remain to be comprehensively established. However, several lines of evidence suggest a key role for the naïve transcriptome of hESCs, which is competent to stringently regulate the embryonic stem cell (ESC) cell cycle. This supports the requirements of pluripotent cells to self‐propagate while suppressing expression of genes that confer lineage commitment and/or tissue specificity. However, for the first time, we consider unique dimensions to the architectural organization and assembly of regulatory machinery for gene expression in nuclear microenviornments that define parameters of pluripotency. From both fundamental biological and clinical perspectives, understanding control of the abbreviated ESC cycle can provide options to coordinate control of proliferation versus differentiation. Wound healing, tissue engineering, and cell‐based therapy to mitigate developmental aberrations illustrate applications that benefit from knowledge of the biology of the pluripotent cell cycle. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 9–20, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pur‐alpha regulates RhoA developmental expression and downstream signaling
Authors: Mishra Mamata , Del Valle Luis , Otte Jessica , Darbinian Nune , Gordon Jennifer 
Published: May 2012

AbstractPur‐alpha is an essential protein for postnatal brain development which localizes specifically to dendrites where it plays a role in the translation of neuronal RNA. Mice lacking Pur‐alpha display decreased neuronogenesis and impaired neuronal differentiation. Here we examined two Rho GTPases, Rac1 and RhoA, which play opposing roles in neurite outgrowth and are critical for dendritic maturation during mouse brain development in the presence and absence of Pur‐alpha. Pur‐alpha is developmentally regulated in the mouse brain with expression beginning shortly after birth and rapidly increasing to peak during the third week of postnatal development. RhoA levels analyzed by Western blotting rapidly fluctuated in the wild‐type mouse brain, however, in the absence of Pur‐alpha, a decrease in RhoA levels shortly after birth and a delay in the cycling of RhoA regulation was observed leading to reduced basal levels of RhoA after day 10 postnatal. Immunohistochemistry of brain tissues displayed reduced RhoA levels in the cortex and cerebellum and loss of perinuclear cytoplasmic labeling of RhoA within the cortex in the knockout mouse brain. While Rac1 levels remained relatively stable at all time points during development and were similar in both wild‐type and Pur‐alpha knockout mice, changes in subcellular localization of Rac1 were seen in the absence of Pur‐alpha. These findings suggest that Pur‐alpha can regulate RhoA at multiple levels including basal protein levels, subcellular compartmentalization, as well as turnover of active RhoA in order to promote dendritic maturation. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 65–72, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Distal‐less homeobox 5 inhibits adipogenic differentiation through the down‐regulation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ expression
Authors: Lee Hye‐Lim , Woo Kyung Mi , Ryoo Hyun‐Mo , Baek Jeong‐Hwa 
Published: May 2012

AbstractDistal‐less homeobox 5 (Dlx5) is a positive regulator of osteoblast differentiation that contains a homeobox domain. Because there are possible reciprocal relationships between osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), we examined the regulatory role of Dlx5 in adipogenic differentiation in this study. Adipogenic stimuli suppressed the expression levels of Dlx5 mRNA in mouse bone marrow stromal cells. Over‐expression of Dlx5 inhibited adipogenic differentiation in human bone marrow MSCs and 3T3‐L1 preadipocytic cells whereas knockdown of Dlx5 enhanced adipogenic differentiation in 3T3‐L1 cells. Over‐expression of Dlx5 suppressed the expression of adipogenic marker genes, including CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein α (C/EBPα) and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPARγ). Dlx5‐mediated suppression of adipogenic differentiation was overcome by over‐expression of PPARγ but not by that of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) or C/EBPα. Dlx5 decreased the transcriptional activity of CREB and C/EBPα in a dose‐dependent manner. Dlx5 directly bound to CREB and C/EBPα and prevented them from binding to and subsequently transactivating the PPARγ promoter. These results suggest that Dlx5 plays an important regulatory role in fate determination of bone marrow MSCs toward the osteoblast lineage through the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation as well as the direct stimulation of osteoblast differentiation. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 87–98, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Regional Variation in Geniohyoid Muscle Strain During Suckling in the Infant Pig
Authors: HOLMAN SHAINA DEVI , KONOW NICOLAI , L. LUKASIK STACEY , GERMAN REBECCA Z. 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTThe geniohyoid muscle (GH) is a critical suprahyoid muscle in most mammalian oropharyngeal motor activities. We used sonomicrometry to evaluate regional strain (i.e., changes in length) in the muscle origin, belly, and insertion during suckling in infant pigs, and compared the results to existing information on strain heterogeneity in the hyoid musculature. We tested the hypothesis that during rhythmic activity, the GH shows regional variation in muscle strain. We used sonomicrometry transducer pairs to divide the muscle into three regions from anterior to posterior. The results showed differences in strain among the regions within a feeding cycle; however, no region consistently shortened or lengthened over the course of a cycle. Moreover, regional strain patterns were not correlated with timing of the suck cycles, neither (1) relative to a swallow cycle (before or after) nor (2) to the time in feeding sequence (early or late). We also found a tight relationship between muscle activity and muscle strain, however, the relative timing of muscle activity and muscle strain was different in some muscle regions and between individuals. A dissection of the C1 innervations of the geniohyoid showed that there are between one and three branches entering the muscle, possibly explaining the variation seen in regional activity and strain. In combination, our findings suggest that regional heterogeneity in muscle strain during patterned suckling behavior functions to stabilize the hyoid bone, whereas the predictable regional strain differences in reflexive behaviors may be necessary for faster and higher amplitude movements of the hyoid bone. J. Exp. Zool. 317A:359–370, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cardiac MRI evaluation of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Left ventricular outflow tract/aortic valve diameter ratio predicts severity of LVOT obstruction
Authors: Vogel‐Claussen Jens , Santaularia Tomas Miguel , Newatia Amit , Boyce Danielle , Pinheiro Aurelio , Abraham Roselle , Abraham Theodore , Bluemke David A. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractPurpose:To evaluate if left ventricular outflow tract/aortic valve (LVOT/AO) diameter ratio measured by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is an accurate marker for LVOT obstruction in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) compared to Doppler echocardiography.Materials and Methods:In all, 92 patients with HCM were divided into three groups based on their resting echocardiographic LVOT pressure gradient (PG): <30 mmHg at rest (nonobstructive, n = 31), <30 mmHg at rest, >30 mmHg after provocation (latent, n = 29), and >30 mmHg at rest (obstructive, n = 32). The end‐systolic dimension of the LVOT on 3‐chamber steady‐state free precession (SSFP) CMR was divided by the end diastolic aortic valve diameter to calculate the LVOT/AO diameter ratio.Results:There were significant differences in the LVOT/AO diameter ratio among the three subgroups (nonobstructive 0.60 ± 0.13, latent 0.41 ± 0.16, obstructive 0.24 ± 0.09, P < 0.001). There was a strong linear inverse correlation between the LVOT/AO diameter ratio and the log of the LVOT pressure gradient (r = −0.84, P < 0.001). For detection of a resting gradient >30 mmHg, the LVOT/AO diameter ratio the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.91 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.85–0.97). For detection of a resting and/or provoked gradient >30 mmHg, the LVOT/AO diameter ratio area under the ROC curve was 0.90 (95% CI 0.84–0.96).Conclusion:The LVOT/AO diameter ratio is an accurate, reproducible, noninvasive, and easy to use CMR marker to assess LVOT pressure gradients in patients with HCM. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;36:598–603. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Diffusion tensor imaging tractography parameters of limbic system bundles in temporal lobe epilepsy patients
Authors: Liacu Despina , Idy‐Peretti Ilana , Ducreux Denis , Bouilleret Viviane , de Marco Giovanni 
Published: May 2012

AbstractPurpose:To investigate changes in diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures in limbic system white matter of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) using diffusion tensor tractography.Materials and Methods:DTI metrics including fractional anisotropy (FA), λ1, λ2, λ3, and trace (Tr) coefficients were obtained from tractography for bilateral fornix, superior and inferior cingulum fibers in 18 patients and 10 healthy controls. Hippocampal signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) quantitative analysis was performed in order to confirm the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) hippocampal lesion presence or absence in TLE patients.Results:Nine patients presented unilateral hippocampal sclerosis (TLE+HS) and nine patients had no signal abnormalities on conventional MRI (TLE−HS). On the ipsilateral seizure side, all three investigated tracts showed significant DTI indices abnormalities in both patient groups when compared with controls, most marked on the inferior cingulum. Contralateral to the seizure side, the three tracts presented significant DTI parameters in only the TLE+HS group when compared with controls.Conclusion:The DTI abnormalities found in the TLE−HS group may suggest that in the inferior cingulum the structural integrity is more affected than in the fornix or superior cingulum white matter bundles. The eigenvalues taken separately add complementary information to the FA and Tr metrics and may be useful indices in better understanding the architectural reorganization of limbic system tracts in TLE patients without HS. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;36:561–568. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Moment method analysis for capacitance and charge distribution of dielectric coated metallic disk and closed truncated cone isolated in free space
Authors: Mehta Prarthan D. , Chakrabarty S. B. 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a method for the evaluation of capacitance and charge distribution of a dielectric coated metallic disk and a dielectric coated metallic hollow truncated cone with top and bottom cover plates using the method of moments (MoM) based on pulse basis function and point matching. Boundary conditions for the potential on the conductor surfaces and continuity of the normal component of the displacement density at the dielectric‐free space interface is used to generate two integral equations. Two sets of simultaneous equations are formed from the two integral equations by using MoM. The total free charge on the conductor surface is found from the solution for the set of simultaneous equations. The validity of the analysis has been justified by comparing the data on capacitance available in the literature for metallic disk and hollow truncated cone with top and bottom cover plates, with the data on the capacitance, computed by the presented method for similar structures considering very low dielectric constant as well as very thin dielectric coating. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vegetation in western Central Mexico during the last 50 000 years: modern analogs and climate in the Zacapu Basin
Authors: Correa‐Metrio A. , Lozano‐García S. , Xelhuantzi‐López S. , Sosa‐Nájera S. , Metcalfe S. E. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe late glacial and the transition towards the Holocene marked a period of significant environmental change at a global scale. In western Central Mexico, few records span beyond the Holocene, and little is known about Pleistocene climatic and environmental variability. Here we report on the pollen record of a composite sequence made of three cores that cover the last 50 ka (thousands of calibrated radiocarbon years before present) in the Zacapu Basin, western Central Mexico (∼1970 m asl). The conjunction of modern pollen rain from the area with the composite fossil pollen sequence from cores Cantabria, Cantabria 1 and CEMCA Point‐1 provided a detailed history of the vegetation of the area. Recognition of modern environmental patterns through individual modern pollen taxa proved difficult, but multivariate analysis separated different vegetation types. No‐modern‐analog communities relative to the modern vegetation cover of the area were evident, especially during periods of drought. Apparently, summer precipitation was significant before 40 ka and after the deglaciation. However, this moisture source declined from ∼40 to 10 ka because tradewinds from the Gulf of Mexico were blocked by the eastern mountains of Central Mexico as a result of lower temperatures. By contrast, westerly and northerly winds were enhanced by maximum ice cover from ∼19 to 17 ka, providing abundant winter precipitation and therefore preventing extreme drought in the area. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Olive oil phenolics: Where do we stand? Where should we go?
Authors: Visioli Francesco 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe formulation of an antioxidant/atherosclerosis hypothesis stimulated experimental and epidemiological studies on the possible role of micronutrients, including olive oil phenolics, in the protection from cardiovascular disease observed in the Mediterranean area. This article prospectively summarises our current knowledge of olive phenolics, underscore our gaps in information, and brings forward areas that are, as yet, to be explored. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Development of a breast reconstruction satisfaction questionnaire (BRECON‐31): Principal components analysis and clinimetric properties
Authors: Temple‐Oberle Claire F. , Cook E. Francis , Bettger‐Hahn Margo , Mychailyshyn Nadia , Naeem Hina , Macdermid Joy 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBackgroundA reliable, valid questionnaire is essential to assess patient satisfaction with breast reconstruction.MethodsA 105‐item pilot BRECON questionnaire was previously developed. One hundred eighty‐one women with breast reconstruction were mailed the pilot BRECON, BREAST‐Q™, and EQ‐5D questionnaires. Fifty women were re‐mailed the BRECON. Based on the responses, the BRECON was refined using statistical means and principal components analysis (PCA). Reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach's alpha. Validity was assessed by comparing subscales of the BRECON to the BREAST‐Q™ and comparing a summary score of the BRECON‐31 to the EQ‐5D using the Pearson's correlation coefficient (PCC).ResultsA total of 71% (128/181) of women completed the three questionnaires, and 86% (43/50) of women responded to the re‐mailed BRECON. Statistical methods and PCA maintained 31 items covering eight components including self‐image, arm concerns, intimacy, satisfaction, recovery, self‐consciousness, expectations, and breast appearance. A 4‐item “nipple” subscale and a 10‐item “abdominal” subscale were developed for use where applicable. Measures of reliability and validity were high: Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.67 to 0.91, ICC ranged from 0.55 to 0.85, and PCC ranged from 0.42 to 0.76.ConclusionsA reliable, valid 31‐item breast reconstruction satisfaction questionnaire was developed. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:799–806. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ki‐67 labeling: A more sensitive indicator of malignant phenotype than mitotic count or tumor size?
Authors: Lowe Kevin , Khithani Amit , Liu Elizabeth , Winston Tanyss , Christian Derrick , Saad Joe , Jeyarajah Dhiresh Rohan 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe Ki‐67 index has been incorporated into The World Health Organization's classification system of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. However, pathologists continue to question the utility of Ki‐67 index over that of mitotic count as an indicator of proliferative activity. The intent of the current study is to compare K‐i67 index with tumor size and mitotic rate for the association of each with lymph node metastasis and survival.MethodsThe current study is a review of 24 patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.ResultsRegional LNM were present in 100% of tumors with Ki‐67 index >10%, while only 25% of tumors with <10% Ki‐67 had LNM (P = 0.003). No tumors <2 cm had >10% Ki‐67 labeling. Of patients with tumors showing ≥10% Ki‐67 labeling, 80% died during the observation period of this study, while during the same time period, no patients with <10% Ki‐67 labeling died.ConclusionKi‐67 index of >10% is a sensitive indicator of malignant behavior and mortality. Future advances in management of pNETs will require development of staging guidelines with higher predictive value. Inclusion of Ki‐67 labeling >10% as an indicator of aggressive disease may contribute to such improvements. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:724–727. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Olfactory identification testing as a predictor of the development of Alzheimer's dementia: A systematic review
Authors: Sun Gordon H. , Raji Cyrus A. , MacEachern Mark P. , Burke James F. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To evaluate the utility of olfactory identification tests as prognostic instruments for Alzheimer's dementia (AD).Study Design:Systematic review.Methods:In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, PubMed and Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched to determine the quality and quantity of longitudinal and cross‐sectional research on this topic.Results:Two prospective longitudinal cohort studies and 30 cross‐sectional studies met inclusion criteria. The prospective longitudinal studies evaluated subjects with or without mild cognitive impairment (MCI) while also using olfactory identification testing as part of a neurocognitive evaluation. The first study reported an increased risk of later onset of AD in subjects with baseline hyposmia, whereas the second study suggested a possible relationship between decreased olfaction in participants with MCI and conversion to AD but was inconclusive due to low follow‐up rates. Wide variability in the type of olfactory identification test used and the reporting of results precluded meta‐analysis. The cross‐sectional studies demonstrated a positive association between poorer performance on olfactory identification testing and AD.Conclusions:Although there is evidence suggesting an association between decreased olfaction and AD, rigorously designed longitudinal cohort studies are necessary to clarify the value of olfactory identification testing in predicting the onset of AD.
Selective Laser Melting
Authors: Bremen Sebastian , Meiners Wilhelm , Diatlov Andrei 
Published: May 2012

AbstractManufacturing enterprises in highwage countries such as Germany are increasingly being exposed to global competition. These enterprises are confronted by an increasing demand for individualized, high quality as well as low‐cost products [1]. Additive manufacturing methods have accelerated their technological capability in the last few years and provide great potential to fulfill these challenges. The most common additive manufacturing method is called Selective Laser Melting (SLM), developed at the Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology ILT [2].