bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DISPERSAL AND ESTABLISHMENT OF PLEOLOPHUS BASIZONUS (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE)
Authors: Price Peter W. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPleolophus basizonus (Gravenhorst) is a parasitoid from Europe introduced in Canada and liberated between 1939 and 1949 to supplement natural mortality factors of sawfly populations. Three recoveries reported in the literature show that the parasitoid has dispersed 81 km at 4.3 km per year in Ontario, between 109 and 161 km at 4.5 and 5.6 km per year in Quebec, and 172 km at 8.6 km per year in Michigan. Dispersal occurs by walking, possibly by short flights and by water while the parasitoid is within the host cocoon. Female parasitoids do not fly unless disturbed and dispersal by water cannot account for their movement in Quebec. In observation trays, the mean rate of travel on the ground by female parasitoids was 20.9 cm per minute. This speed is sufficient to account for the rates of dispersal recorded in the field. The parasitoid was present in every jack pine stand sampled between 1965 and 1968 in the western part of the St. Maurice River watershed in Quebec. The most abundant host was Neodiprion swainei Middleton. Absolute population estimates indicate that the parasitoid responds positively to host density and that it is an important addition to the native parasitoid complex.
A NEW LIPOPTENA FROM CHILE, WITH A KEY TO THE NEW WORLD SPECIES (DIPTERA: HIPPOBOSCIDAE)
Authors: Peterson B. V. , Maa T. C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractLipoptena pudui n. sp. was taken from the cervid Pudu pudu (Molina), in central Chile. This is the first ked-fly known from this species of pygmy South American deer. The new species is closely related to L. guimaraesi Beq. and is characterized chiefly by the long narrow palpi and the non-constricted pronotum. A revised key to the New World species of Lipoptena is presented.
DDT RESIDUES IN ROBINS AND EARTHWORMS ASSOCIATED WITH CONTAMINATED FOREST SOILS
Authors: Dimond John B. , Belyea Glenn Y. , Kadunce Raymond E. , Getchell A. Stanley , Blease John A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractResidue analysis of forest soils sprayed once at 1 lb/acre showed little breakdown of DDT through 9 years after application. In the absence of appreciable downward trend, residue persistence could not be estimated beyond stating that it appears to persist much longer than the 10 years suggested by others. Persistent residues are largely restricted to the upper soil litter. Residues pass from soils to earthworms to robins throughout the 9-year period studied. It is suggested that this relationship may persist for as long as 30 years after a single application to the forest. Biological magnification of residues in robins is demonstrated. Significance of these residue levels is discussed.
A REVIEW OF THE GENUS GLUTOPS (DIPTERA: PELECORHYNCHIDAE), WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF FOUR NEW SPECIES
Authors: Teskey H. J. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe genus Glutops Burgess is here considered to comprise eight species, three previously described from North America, a Japanese species transferred through synonymy, and four western North American species herein described as new. A key to the eight species is given.
VOLATILIZATION OF DDT-14C AND LINDANE-14C FROM TREATED SURFACES, AND METABOLISM OF DDT-14C BY HOUSE FLY PUPAE
Authors: Quraishi M. Sayeed 
Published: December 2009

AbstractMeasurement of radioactivity immediately after application on house fly puparia was found to be the most accurate measure of the weight of radioactive insecticide applied topically and resulted in precise evaluation of the data. Use of radioactive chemicals and microcoulometric determinations indicates that considerable quantities of DDT-14C, heptachlor epoxide - 14C, and lindane-14C, volatilize from applied surfaces, a factor which should not be neglected during penetration studies. Metabolites of DDT were studied by GLC. Only DDE was obtained from flies which emerged from treated puparia of a DDT-resistant strain. Puparial washing 24 hours after treatment yielded some DDE indicating partial metabolism of DDT to DDE on the surface of the cuticle.
EFFECTS OF INBREEDING ON CLOSED POPULATIONS OF PREDACEOUS MITES (ACARINA: PHYTOSEIIDAE)
Authors: Poe S. L. , Enns W. R. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPopulations of Neoseiulus fallacis (Garman) and Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot, predators of Tetranychus urticae Koch, were reared under homogeneous environmental conditions by inbreeding without introducing new germ plasm.Mites from 1-year-old inbred cultures had high mortality in all stadia and generally lower viability. Oviposition was reduced and a high percentage of eggs failed to hatch. Further inbreeding resulted in the production of only sterile female mites. These data cast serious doubt on the possibility of genetically improving populations of predaceous mites with only limited germ plasm resources.
EFFECTS OF ABIES GRANDIS RESIN ON THE ATTACK BEHAVIOR AND BROOD SURVIVAL OF SCOLYTUS VENTRALIS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)
Authors: Berryman A. A. , Ashraf M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractScolytus ventralis females attack their host, Abies grandis, at random in the beginning of the flight period. The success of these attacks, as manifested by the length of the gallery, is determined by the rapidity of the host’s resinous response, attacking females being repelled by resin flow. Aggregation occurs on both resistant and susceptible hosts but is directly associated with the degree of gallery elongation. Resinosis occurring after brood establishment reduces survival, having its greatest impact on the early developmental stages. Mortality from resinosis is inversely related to attack density.
A BIOSYSTEMATIC REVISION OF THE GENUS MUSCIDIFURAX (HYMENOPTERA: PTEROMALIDAE) WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF FOUR NEW SPECIES
Authors: Kogan Marcos , Legner E. F. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractExtensive collections of synanthropic fly parasitoids in animal excrement accumulations in the United States, Mexico, Costa Rica, Puerto Rico, Uruguay, Chile, Denmark, Israel, and South Africa yielded seven forms of a Muscidifurax complex which were totally or partially reproductively isolated. Morphological studies of female and male parasitoids coupled with biological and zoogeographical information permitted the identification of five sibling species. Muscidifurax raptor Girault and Sanders 1910 is redescribed and four additional species are described as new: M. zaraptor, from the southwestern United States; M. raptoroides from Central America and Mexico; M. uniraptor from Puerto Rico, and M. raptorellus from Uruguay and Chile. Biological notes are added to the descriptions, and it was postulated that the genus is undergoing a process of speciation with local populations slowly becoming reproductively isolated and eventually giving rise to morphologically distinguishable entities. Most evidence suggests the establishment of Muscidifurax in the New World, concomitant with or shortly following the establishment of muscoid flies in accumulated excrement. Scanning electronmicroscopy was used in the analysis of some morphological structures.
AN HYMENOPTEROUS INSECT, THE PARASITOID ITOPLECTIS CONQUISITOR, REARED AXENICALLY ON A CHEMICALLY-DEFINED SYNTHETIC DIET
Authors: Yazgan S. , House H. L. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAn unique development in insect dietetics is announced, namely, the rearing of an hymenopteran — Itoplectis conquisitor (Say), an ichneumonid endoparasitoid of other insects — axenically on a chemically-defined synthetic diet. First heuristic attempts produced a yield of about 17% adults.
THE EFFECTS OF THE INSECTICIDES SUMITHION AND PHOSPHAMIDON ON POPULATIONS OF FIVE SPECIES OF CARABID BEETLES AND TWO SPECIES OF LYCOSID SPIDERS IN NORTHWESTERN ONTARIO
Authors: Freitag R. , Poulter F. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIn the summer of 1969, one year following a spray program to control spruce budworm with Phosphamidon and Sumithion in northwestern Ontario, five species of carabids and two species of lycosids were studied to assess the long term effects of insecticide spray on forest floor arthropods. For 15 weeks in the summer of 1969, beetles and spiders were almost always more numerous in the control area than in the sprayed area. Populations of the spiders and beetles are briefly discussed.
JAMAICAN CYRTINUS, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF TWO NEW SPECIES (COLEOPTERA: CERAMBYCIDAE)
Authors: Howden H. F. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe four Jamaican species of Cyrtinus LeConte are briefly reviewed. Cyrtinus jamaicensis n. sp. and Cyrtinus granulifrons n. sp. are described, and additional distributional records are given for Cyrtinus sandersoni Howden and Cyrtinus farri Howden.
THE EGGS AND OVIPOSITION SITES OF DIAPHNIDIA CAPITATA (HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE) ON APPLE TREES
Authors: Horsburgh R. L. , Asquith Dean 
Published: December 2009

AbstractNymphal and adult Diaphnidia capitata (Van Duzee) have long been recognized as predators of Panonychus ulmi (Koch) and Tetranychus urticae Koch. The eggs and oviposition sites preferred by this species are described herein to supplement available descriptions of the eggs of mirid predators of spider mites.
A NEW SPECIES OF COPIDOSOMA (HYMENOPTERA: ENCYRTIDAE) PARASITIZING LARVAE OF ANACAMPSIS INNOCUELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: GELECHIIDAE)
Authors: Barron J. R. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIndividuals of Copidosoma innocuellae n. sp. are described. Many specimens were reared from larvae of Anacampsis innocuella (Zeller) (Gelechiidae), collected in Canada from New Brunswick (type-locality), Quebec, many localities in Ontario, and Manitoba.
WOODPECKER PREDATION ON BARK BEETLES IN ENGELMANN SPRUCE LOGS AS RELATED
TO STAND DENSITY
Authors: Shook Roland S. , Baldwin Paul H. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
Eighty Engelmann spruce logs (Picea
engelmannii Parry), which were distributed in open
(bulldozed to clearcut), semi-open (selectively cut), and dense (uncut)
spruce forest, were infested with Dendroctonus
obesus (Mann.) and Ips
pilifrons Sw. and fed upon by northern three-toed and
hairy woodpeckers. Sections of the infested boles were covered with screen
to prevent woodpecker feeding and all logs were left in the field over one
winter and through the following summer. By spring, the spruce beetle brood
was reduced approximately 50% in all three forest areas. By fall, the spruce
beetle brood suffered a 71, 83 and 52% reduction in the open, semi-open and
dense forest, respectively. Spruce beetles appeared to be in greatest
numbers in the semi-open forest, resulting in the greatest woodpecker
predation there. Woodpeckers did not feed in the open meadows. Estimates in
the spring, before the Ips emerged from the logs,
showed that woodpeckers reduced the Ips brood by
76 and 11% in the open and semi-open forest, respectively.
Ips were not found in dense forest or in
meadows.
SPATIAL PATTERN OF THE IMMATURE STAGES AND TENERAL ADULTS OFPHYLLOPHAGASPP. (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE) IN A PERMANENT MEADOW
Authors: Guppy J. C. , Harcourt D. G. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractRandom counts of the white grubs,Phyllophaga fuscaFroelich andP.anxiaLeConte, in a permanent meadow did not conform to the Poisson distribution, there being an excess of uninfested and highly infested sample units over the expected number. But when the negative binomial series was fitted to the observed distribution, the discrepancies were not significant when tested by chi-square. Using a commonk, the distribution of the various stages may be described by expansion of (q-p)−k, when values ofkare as follows: egg 0.15, first instar 0.41, second instar 1.30, third instar 2.00, pupa 1.62, teneral adult 1.30. Aggregation resulted from the clumping of eggs at oviposition, and randomness increased with dispersal of the larvae. For all stages, the variance was proportional to a fractional power of the mean. Three transformations are offered for stabilizing the variance of field counts.
PREY CONSUMPTION AND VARIATIONS IN LARVAL BIOLOGY OF ENOCLERUS
SPHEGEUS (COLEOPTERA: CLERIDAE)
Authors: Amman Gene D. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
Larvae of Enoclerus sphegeus Fabricius
(Coleoptera: Cleridae) were separated into three groups for study.
Throughout their development, the larvae in each group were fed mountain
pine beetle larvae, Dendroctonus ponderosae
Hopkins (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), of a specific size (small, medium, or
large). Clerid larvae fed small D.
ponderosae larvae generally completed three
stadia, while the other two groups, which were fed medium-sized and large
prey, respectively, usually passed through two larval stadia. The number of
stadia a larva would have was determined by the amount of food consumed
during the first stadium. The feeding period of larvae given small prey was
considerably longer than that of those fed medium-sized or large beetle
larvae, but the prepupal period was much shorter. The head capsules of
second-instar larvae that passed through two stadia were distinctly wider
than those of second-instar larvae that completed three stadia.
THE GENUS PARAGNORMUS, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF TWO NEW SPECIES
(COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE)
Authors: Howden Henry F. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
The generic limits of Paragnorimus Becker are
redefined and two new species, P.
sambucus from Chiapas, Mexico, and
P. guatemalensis
from Volcan Acatenango, Guatemala, are described.
THE BIOLOGY AND INFLUENCE OF PESTICIDES ON CAMPYLOMMA VERBASCI
(HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE)
Authors: McMullen R. D. , Jong C. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
Campylomma verbasci (Meyer) overwinters as an
egg on apple, pear, Rosa spp., and
Amelanchier sp. On pear, the chief prey are
eggs and nymphs of Psylla pyricola Forster and
all stages of Panonychus ulmi (Koch).
C. verbasci is
partially phytophagous but prolonged feeding by nymphs on pear fruits caused
no injury. During the summer, C.
verbasci lives and reproduces as a
predator–phytophage on a number of herbaceous plants. Three, possibly four,
generations occur in the southern interior of British Columbia. The effects
on C. verbasci
populations of a number of pesticides applied to pear trees are
reported.
PARASITISM OF THE ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH, GRAPHOLITHA MOLESTA
(LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), IN AN UNSPRAYED PEACH ORCHARD ON THE NIAGARA
PENINSULA, ONTARIO
Authors: Phillips J. H. H. , Proctor Jean R. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
Eight species of insects parasitic on the Oriental fruit moth,
Grapholitha molesta (Busck), were reared from
host larvae collected in a peach orchard that was unsprayed since 1962.
Macrocentrus ancylivorus Rohwer was the
dominant species and parasitized between 40 and 50% of first and second
generation larvae from 1964 to 1966. Despite this the parasite did not
appear to be a controlling factor in these years and population fluctuations
of the fruit moth resulted from other causes. In 1967 parasitism rose
sharply to 61% in the first generation and 74% in the second. Low adult
emergence in the second generation was related directly to the increased
parasitism. Effectiveness of the parasite depended both on its numbers and
degree of synchronization with the development of the moth population. To
determine its total effect parasitism must be measured throughout each
generation of the fruit moth, because in most years it tended to reach a
maximum early in the generation and then gradually decline.
REVISION OF THE GENUS PLATYLYGUS, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF 26 NEW
SPECIES (HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE)
Authors: Kelton Leonard A. , Knight Harry H. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
Species of the North American genus
Platylygus Van Duzee 1915 are revised.
Redescriptions are given for 5 previously known species, and 26 new species
are described. Nineteen species described by Kelton are:
angulatus,
brevirostris,
longirostris, and
mexicanus from Durango, Mex.;
aztecus from Mexico, Mex.;
chamulans and
chiapasensis from Chiapas, Mex.;
alpinus from Chiapas, Mexico, and Puebla,
Mex.; crassicornis from Mexico and Puebla, Mex.;
pilosus and
teocotae from Mexico, Mex.;
pilosipes from Durango, Mex., and Arizona;
scutellatus from Durango, Mex., Arizona, and
New Mexico; contortae,
crinitus, and
magnus from California;
knighti from Arizona and Colorado;
piceicola from British Columbia, Yukon
Territory, Arizona, and Colorado; pseudotsugae
from British Columbia and Oregon. Seven species described by Knight are:
keltoni from Durango, Mex.;
andrei from Arizona;
balli from Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico;
hirtus from Arizona;
rolfsi from British Columbia, California,
Oregon, and Washington; rubripes from Alberta,
British Columbia, California, Colorado, Oregon, and Wyoming; and
usingeri from California. The other species
in the genus are: fuliginosus Knight from
Arizona; grandis Knight from Arizona, California,
and Colorado, Montana, and South Dakota;
intermedius Knight from Arizona, Colorado and
New Mexico; luridus (Reuter) from Alberta,
British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec,
Saskatchewan, Yukon Territory, Arizona, Colorado, Illinois, New Hampshire,
New Mexico, New York, and Wyoming; and vanduzeei
Usinger from Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, Nevada, and Utah.
Platylygus uhleri (Van Duzee) is considered
to be a synonym of P.
luridus (Reuter). A key to species, records
on distribution and biological data are included, and the male genitalia of
all but one species are illustrated.
A CONTRIBUTION TO THE BIONOMICS OF THE TABANIDAE (DIPTERA) OF ALGONQUIN
PARK, ONTARIO: SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION, HABITAT PREFERENCES, AND BITING
RECORDS
Authors: Smith Stephen M. , Davies Douglas M. , Golini Victor I. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
Some aspects of the biology of the Tabanidae (e.g., seasonal
distribution, relative abundance, habitat preferences, and innate host
preferences) which influence the extent to which certain species are found
biting various host species are discussed in relation to the tabanid
population of the southern portion of Algonquin Park, Ont., Canada. Of the
36 species collected in this study, relatively few were sufficiently
abundant to constitute serious pest problems.The analysis of collections of
tabanids from carbon dioxide-baited traps placed in different habitat types
revealed several patterns of distribution of the Algonquin Tabanidae:
ubiquitous, exclusively sylvan, preferentially sylvan, riverine, and
riparian species.Lists of the tabanids attracted to or biting man, moose,
and white-tailed deer are presented. These lists constitute the first
extensive records of the Tabanidae attracted to the Cervidae in the boreal
forest region of Canada.The Chrysopinae selected smaller hosts than the
Tabaninae and were severe pests of man whereas the Tabaninae were only minor
pests of man but severe pests of moose. The tabanids attracted to deer
presented a picture which was intermediate between that of man and moose. In
addition, a few species of tabanids were unusually common on one or more
hosts suggesting that some species may have innate preferences for certain
hosts.
ONE NEW AND ONE PREVIOUSLY UNRECORDED SPECIES OFBASILIA(DIPTERA: NYCTERIBIIDAE) FROM URUGUAY
Authors: Peterson B. V. , Maa T. C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBasilia andersonin. sp. andB.plaumanniScott represent the first species of Nycteribiidae to be reported from Uruguay.B.andersoniwas found onMyotis nigricans(Schinz), and is closely related toB.guimaraesiSch. Stekh. andB.curraniGuim. It is characterized mainly by the shape of the thoracic sternal plate and legs of both sexes, tergal plates I and II and sternite VI of the female, and the aedeagus of the male, as well as by the chaetotaxy of the legs, tergites and sternites of both sexes, and of the anal segment, genital and anal plates of the female.
THE GENUSPSYCHOGLYPHA(TRICHOPTERA: LIMNEPHILIDAE)
Authors: Denning D. G. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis review of the genusPsychoglyphaRoss includes a discussion of the eight species currently assigned to the genus and the description of seven new species. The new species are from Oregon, California, Nevada, and Idaho. Except for one species, all members of the genus are northern and western in distribution. The majority of species are cold-adapted and may be found late in the season.
A NEW SPECIES OF PSYLLAEPHAGUS (HYMENOPTERA: ENCYRTIDAE) PARASITIZING APHALARA STEIRONEMICOLA (HOMOPTERA: PSYLLIDAE) ON STEIRONEMA CILIATUM
Authors: Barron J. R. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIndividuals of Psyllaephagus richardsi n. sp., related to P. arbuticola Gahan and Waterston, are described. Specimens were reared from nymphs of Aphalara steironemicola Richards n. sp., described previously, collected from Steironema ciliatum (L.) (Primulaceae) at Constance Bay, Ont., Canada.
DESIGN OF A SAMPLING PLAN FOR STUDIES ON THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF THE CABBAGE MAGGOT, HYLEMYA BRASSICAE (DIPTERA: ANTHOMYIIDAE)
Authors: Mukerji M. K. , Harcourt D. G. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA study of sampling variation in field populations of the cabbage maggot, Hylemya brassicae (Bouché), on cabbage in Ontario, revealed that inter-plant and block differences were rarely significant. For the immature stages, the most appropriate sample unit was the plant root together with a 4- to 6-in. diameter core of soil. The number of samples required was inversely proportional to population density; this relationship was graphed for three levels of sampling precision.The insect is bivoltine in eastern Ontario but has three generations in the southwestern part of the province.
DISCRIMINATION BY HYSSOPUS THYMUS (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE) AGAINST ORGILUS OBSCURATOR (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE), AN INTERNAL PARASITE OF THE EUROPEAN PINE SHOOT MOTH, RHYACIONIA BUOLIANA (LEPIDOPTERA: OLETHREUTIDAE)
Authors: Syme Paul D. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWhen given a choice of large, unparasitised sixth-instar larvae of the European pine shoot moth, Rhyacionia buoliana, and small sixth instars containing developing Orgilus obscurator, Hyssopus thymus selected the former. This discrimination does not exist when the host larvae are in the third or fourth instars. The size of the contained O. obscurator larva is related to this change in behaviour. H. thymus shows no cleptoparasitic tendencies and is recommended as a safe candidate for introduction where O. obscurator exists.
THE IDENTITY, DISTRIBUTION, AND BIOLOGY OF LONCHAEA ZETTERSTEDTI WITH NOTES ON RELATED SPECIES (DIPTERA: LONCHAEIDAE)
Authors: McAlpine J. F. , Morge G. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA lectotype is designated for Lonchaea zetterstedti Becker, a holarctic species whose larvae sometimes attack bark beetles and cerambycids in conifers. The taxonomy and nomenclature of this species is clarified, its distribution and biology is discussed, and a key is provided for identification of it and its relatives.
MECHANISM OF CREMASTER WITHDRAWAL AND ATTACHMENT IN PENDANT RHOPALOCEROUS PUPAE (LEPIDOPTERA)
Authors: Urquhart F. A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe role of exuvial holdfast tubercles located on the tenth abdominal segment of pendant rhopalocerous pupae in relation to cremaster withdrawal is described for the first time. Four phases, leading to the final exposure of the exarate pupa, are outlined together with an explanation accounting for pupal gyrations in discharging the larval exuviae after cremaster fixation.
BLOCKING OF EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), BY SOME COMPOUNDS WITH JUVENILE HORMONE ACTIVITY
Authors: Retnakaran Arthur 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe effect of treatment with juvenile hormone and five of its analogs on embryonic development of the spruce budworm was studied. All compounds were applied topically in acetone solution to budworm egg masses, and all were found to have ovicidal activity. Most active was the dichloro analog, which required a minimum dosage of 50 μg per egg mass to ensure embryonic death in all the treated eggs. A similar result was found for juvenile hormone, while juvabione, ethyl-aromatic terpenoid ether, and farnesyl methyl ether required a dosage of 100 μg per egg mass to achieve this result. At this latter dosage level, 6% of the eggs treated with methyl aromatic terpenoid ether hatched.