bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on track prediction of air target based on grey system model
Authors: Shen Mao‐xing , Xie Yao , Xue Xi‐feng , Tian Xin‐hua 
Published: May 2009

PurposeIn order to find a more accurate prediction method for the track of an aerial target, this paper aims to establish a track prediction model by the theory of grey system based some track data of the target.Design/methodology/approachAimed at the purpose, the authors have modified a model GM(1,1) with corrected residual error had presented in the literature, but it modeling the data with initial condition by the first data x(1), it is better to use the new information for the prediction, this means that the authors can use the last date x(n) as the initial conditions to modeling the track of air target to build a new model.FindingsA modified model GM(1,1) with corrected residual error and initial conditions data x(n) is presented in this paper. The example demonstrates that the model is good fit for the prediction of the target tracks, especially for the case of that difficult to get accurate and reliable data when the data are limited.Research limitations/implicationsAnd the presented GM model can set up online to improve prediction precision. Further research is a need to do for actual engineering application although the example demonstrates that the model is good fit for the prediction of the target tracks as the tag pointed out. When the target is moving in a uniform velocity along a line, the GM prediction has a good accuracy due to the orderliness of the data.Practical implicationsAs the example, here data are given in the case of variable accelerate for this is more fit the factual applications. The precision of GM(1,1) could be enhanced with the boundary condition at the terminus, and so much as the residual error revising could be omitted.Originality/valueThe modified model effectually improved the veracity of track prediction of an aerial target. It is shown that the grey forecasting model can be used in the prediction of an air target tracks at least. Combining some other techniques could gain some further results.
Three‐dimensional sequential uniform design
Authors: Wang Guizhi , Zhao Jing , Chen Jibo 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to extend two‐dimensional sequential uniform design and present three‐dimensional sequential uniform design which can optimize the problem of determining the extreme value of three‐factor polynomial.Design/methodology/approachSince there are limitations in two‐dimensional sequential uniform design, three‐dimensional sequential uniform design introduced in this paper is to arrange the experimental points by U9(93) uniform design table and to determine the maximum of the experimental values according to the demand. It is proven that the convergence of the experimental central point's sequence and that it can optimize the problem of determining the extreme value of no‐cross term quadratic polynomial monotone function class and the corresponding conditions are also proven. Taking the no‐cross term quadratic polynomial monotone function as an example, the superiority of it is testified.FindingsThree‐dimensional sequential uniform design can optimize the problem of determining the extreme value of three‐factor polynomial. It can get higher precision and better convergence but do fewer experiments than general uniform design.Practical implicationsA very effective method in resolving the problem of selecting optimum on multi‐dimensional space.Originality/valueA new method of three‐dimensional sequential uniform design which can get higher precision and better convergence is presented.
Model information transmission system
Authors: Villacampa Y. , Sastre‐Vázquez P. , García‐Alonso F. , Reyes J.A. 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study a theory of systems and their models on the basis of studying the information channels between their elements, meaning that it is a continuation of those studies already carried out on the theory of systems and their models applied to environmental systems.Design/methodology/approachThe model information transmission system (MITS) can be defined as the theoretical structure that makes it possible to describe the way information is stored and transmitted in a modelling process, and which will be completed in future studies. The basis for a taxonomy of languages is also presented.FindingsThe theoretical structure described will lead to the study of a theory of information from the point of view of the analysis of text systems and models, but analysed within the theoretical structure presented, which includes the study of an information source and an information channel.Originality/valueThese theoretical findings will improve the information channels used up to now for the study and modelling of systems and which are largely described using several computer programmes, as the information generated and transmitted will be studied and analysed in different ways. In this way, the text models and families of text models generated can be analysed by studying and transforming models, particularly by focusing attention on everything inherent to the information contained in the same.
A modification for solving Fredholm‐Hammerstein integral equation by using wavelet basis
Authors: Rabbani Mohsen , Maleknejad Khosrow 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to use Alpert wavelet basis and modify the integrand function approximation coefficients to solve Fredholm‐Hammerstein integral equations.Design/methodology/approachL2[0, 1] was considered as solution space and the solution was projected to the subspaces of L2[0, 1] with finite dimension so that basis elements of these subspaces were orthonormal.FindingsIn this process, solution of Fredholm‐Hammerstein integral equation is found by solving the generated system of nonlinear equations.Originality/valueComparing the method with others shows that this system has less computation. In fact, decreasing of computations result from the modification.
Interval neutrosophic sets and topology
Authors: Gallego Lupiáñez Francisco 
Published: May 2009

PurposeIn 2005, Smarandache generalized the Atanassov's intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) to neutrosophic sets (NS), and other researchers introduced the notion of interval neutrosophic set (INSs), which is an instance of NS, and studied various properties. The notion of neutrosophic topology on the non‐standard interval is also due to Smarandache. The purpose of this paper is to study relations between INSs and topology.Design/methodology/approachThe paper investigates the possible relations between INSs and topology.FindingsRelations on INSs and neutrosophic topology.Research limitations/implicationsClearly, the paper is confined to IFSs and NSs.Practical implicationsThe main applications are in the mathematical field.Originality/valueThe paper shows original results on fuzzy sets and topology.
Organizational change in risky environments: space activities
Authors: Dos Santos Paulino Victor 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe adaptation perspective dominates the issue of organizational change and assumes that organizational inertia increases organizational mortality. This assumption is inadequate to analyze organizational change in risky activities. The purpose of this paper is to underline the relevance of organizational inertia when organizations face risky environments.Design/methodology/approachA conceptual framework was built that combines the adaptation and selection perspectives from the evolutionary approach and the high‐reliability organizations literature and apply it to space activities.FindingsFirst, it was found that to prevent catastrophic failures, space organizations reproduce routines validated in previous successful programs, which leads to situations of organizational inertia; and second, the opposing perspectives of selection and adaptation become complementary when the author focus on the level of risk faced by organizations.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper focuses on space organizations and not more general types of organizations. However, the findings could be generalized to organizations manufacturing complex products and systems.Originality/valueThe originality of the paper is based on the new empirical and theoretical frameworks provided to analyze organizational inertia. Organizational inertia may be a satisfying response to environments favoring organizations with high levels of reliability. This new way of viewing inertia would be of value to scholars studying organizations in which errors can have catastrophic consequences.
Corporate headquarters as physical embodiments of organisational change
Authors: van Marrewijk Alfons H. 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the interdependency of corporate architecture and organisation cultural change. Corporate headquarters have become symbols of corporate change ambitions to endure cultural value sets. The paper seeks to contribute to the growing interest in the re‐materialization of organisational change.Design/methodology/approachThe study of spatial setting give rise to new methodological questions. There is a hermeneutic relationship between elements of spatial design and the meaning‐making of their designers and users. The reading of built space and other physical arrangements requires interpretative methods. Methods such as interviewing, observation and participant observation have been used to study three headquarter buildings of a Dutch telecom operator in a longitudinal study (1995‐2007).FindingsIt is argued in the paper that the organisation's spatial position in relation to the Dutch Government buildings is a reflection of the privatisation process. During this change process three symbolic and aesthetic different headquarters have been designed. Each of the headquarters is an embodiment of the change ambitions in the different phases. The building is a physical embodiment of the organisational change history.Practical implicationsThe paper stresses the symbolic richness of physical arrangements, artefacts and aesthetic dimensions and the embodiment of cultural change processes. Given the large interest of organisations in architectural design to support organisational change the interdependency, change managers should be included in the architectural design process at an early stage.Originality/valueAlthough many scholars ask for a spatial turn in organisation studies, not many empirical studies have been done. This paper tries to fill in this gap.
Electro‐conductive sensors and heating elements based on conductive polymer composites
Authors: Koncar V. , Cochrane C. , Lewandowski M. , Boussu F. , Dufour C. 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe need for sensors and actuators is an important issue in the field of smart textiles and garments. Important developments in sensing and heating textile elements consist in using non‐metallic yarns, for instance carbon containing fibres, directly in the textile fabric. Another solution is to use electro‐conductive materials based on conductive polymer composites (CPCs) containing carbon or metallic particles. The purpose of this paper is to describe research based on the use of a carbon black polymer composite to design two electro‐conductive elements: a strain sensor and a textile heating element.Design/methodology/approachThe composite is applied as a coating consisting of a solvent, a thermoplastic elastomer, and conductive carbon black nanoparticles. In both applications, the integration of the electrical wires for the voltage supply or signal recording is as discreet as possible.FindingsThe CPC materials constitute a well‐adapted solution for textile structures: they are very flexible, and thus do not modify the mechanical characteristics and general properties of the textile structure.Research limitations/implicationsIn the case of the heating element, the use of metallic yarns as electrodes makes the final structure a more rigid. This can be improved by choosing other conducting yarns that are more flexible, or by developing knitted structures instead of woven fabrics.Practical implicationsThe CPC provide a low cost solution, and the elements are usually designed so as to work with a low voltage supply.Originality/valueThe CPC has been prepared with a solvent process which is especially adapted to flexible materials like textiles. This is original in comparison to the conventional melt‐mixing process usually found in literature.
New bioactive textile dressing materials from dibutyrylchitin
Authors: Schoukens Gustaaf , Kiekens Paul , Krucinska Izabella 
Published: May 2009

PurposeDibutyrylchitin (DBC) is an ester derivative of a natural polysaccharide – chitin. DBC is obtained by reaction of chitin with butyric anhydride in the presence of a catalyst. The production methods of DBC have been elaborated and optimized. DBC is easily soluble in common organic solvents and has film – and fibre forming properties. Such characteristics allow obtaining classical fibres from the polymer solutions. DBC is also a raw material for manufacturing yarn and for a broad range of textile dressing materials. Fibres with good mechanical properties are obtained by an optimized spinning process from the DBC solutions. The purpose of this paper is to present a further optimization of the mechanical properties of DBC‐fibres and yarns.Design/methodology/approachThe excellent biomedical properties of the DBC are confirmed by different experimental results which prove that DBC is a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer and stimulates regeneration of damaged tissues. Tests of these DBC dressing materials under clinical conditions prove the excellent results of DBC‐based dressing materials for the ordered healing of tissues and wounds. The DBC dressing materials accelerate the healing of the wound and are biodegraded during the healing process. From the clinical tests, it can be clearly observed that the DBC dressing materials are absorbed into the fresh tissue formed during the healing process of the wounds.FindingsThe DBC and DBC‐based dressing materials are good bioactive textile materials for wound healing and for understanding the biological properties of chitin derivatives. The obtained results prove the importance of the O‐substitution of the hydroxyl groups present in chitin, not only for the solubility of the derivatives and the mechanical properties of the produced fibres, but still more important for the biological properties of these ester derivatives of chitin containing butyric acid. This development creates a link between textile products, based on material properties and human health, based on the biological properties of the basic material.Originality/valueThe mechanical properties of DBC are further optimized by blending it with poly(ε‐caprolactone). Good transparent and flexible products, such as films, with a high elongation to break are obtained by blending 10‐20 wt per cent of poly(ε‐caprolactone) with DBC. This creates new possible bioactive applications for DBC or poly(ε‐caprolactone).
The application of microcapsules of PCM in flame resistant non‐woven materials
Authors: Cardoso Isabel , Rocha Gomes Jaime 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe use of organic phase change materials microcapsules (mPCM) has been gaining ground in technical textiles and clothing as a temperature regulating medium and hence a means of keeping the body at a comfortable temperature when wearing impermeable protective clothes. However, for such applications as fire fighter's protective clothes, the standards require that all the material composing the material be fire resistant. The purpose of this paper is to produce a lining containing fire resistant microcapsules of PCM without using flammable binders.Design/methodology/approachThis work tests other ways of fixing mPCM to the fibres with a lot less binder present. Washfastness is evaluated in SEM photographs and by weight. The thermal effect is evaluated in a prototype plate calorimeter.FindingsThis method is first tested for fixing mPCM but the non‐woven still does not pass the test according to the standard EN532. Microcapsules are alternatively fixed with MF resin, non‐flammable, and by applying flame retardant recipes it is possible for the samples to pass the test.Research limitations/implicationsSince the amount of flame retardant necessary for the mPCM to stand the test, and the resin to thermo fix it is very high, the material becomes unacceptably stiff.Originality/valueBased on a new approach where reactive microcapsules without any binder are used, it is possible to use a lot less flame retardant and resin, and the material is resistant to the standard EN532. In this standard the material has to resist washing and still be flame retardant.
A methodology of selecting a suitable garment for sports use
Authors: Martínez N. , González J.C. , Rosa D. , Alcántara E. 
Published: May 2009

PurposeChoosing the adequate garment for sports practice in adverse weather conditions, either cold or hot, is an aspect of great influence on activity performance. The purpose of this paper is to describe how the Institute of Biomechanics of Valencia has developed a methodology which allows assessing the fit of the garment to the real situation of use by evaluating its influence in the thermoregulatory response of the human body.Design/methodology/approachUnder controlled environmental conditions and at fixed activity levels, two shirts are tested in the laboratory. Eight subjects performed a test which consisted of six phases of different activity level in two conditions (25°C/50 percent RH and 10°C/60 percent RH). Throughout the test, physiological parameters of the thermal response as well as work load indicators are registered. Skin temperature at three different locations (chest, arm, and thigh), microclimate variables in some areas of subject‐garment interface (in armpit and upper back) and heart rate are measured continuously. Six samples of sweat are also collected regularly from dorsal region during the test to estimate the sweating rate and the loss of salts. Weight loss is also checked before and after performing the test to estimate the dehydration level. Subjects will be asked during the test about humidity and temperature perception on the body as a whole or by different zones. The results allowed measuring a significant influence of the shirt in skin temperature. Therefore, the methodology developed for studying of the user‐product interaction through the assessment of the thermophysiological response and the subjective perception allows recommending the comfort ranges for each piece of garment as well as indicating those work load and environmental conditions for which the influence of garment on user's performance is optimal.FindingsThe user‐product interaction through the assessment of the thermophysiological response and the subjective perception allows recommending the comfort ranges for each piece of garment as well as indicating those work load and environmental conditions for which the influence of garment on user's performance is optimal.Originality/valueChoosing a suitable garment for sports practice in adverse weather conditions, either cold or hot, is an aspect of great influence on activity performance and this paper presents new results.
Activity‐based pricing: can it be applied in restaurants?
Authors: Raab Carola , Mayer Karl , Shoemaker Stowe , Ng Steve 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThis paper aims to demonstrate how activity‐based pricing can be applied in a restaurant setting by combining the use of price sensitivity measurement with activity‐based costing.Design/methodology/approachData are collected at a Hong Kong buffet restaurant, based on guests' price perceptions and the establishment's detailed cost structure. These data are analyzed by using price sensitivity measurement techniques and activity‐based costing methods, separately, and then combined to create an activity‐based pricing analysis of the restaurant's menu.FindingsThe use of activity‐based pricing techniques reveals that, although the guests are relatively price‐insensitive, drastic measures were needed to reduce costs for the restaurant to become profitable. Without the benefit of this study, the restaurant's management would not have been able to see clearly the nature of the challenges that they faced, since a single pricing study, or cost study, would have missed the combined cost and pricing effects that were captured by activity‐based pricing.Research limitations/implicationsActivity‐based pricing is shown to be a powerful technique that can be applied effectively in a restaurant. Utilizing this method allows a restaurant truly to understand both its operating cost structure and the price perceptions of it guests. Since this study involved only a single buffet restaurant, further research should be conducted to confirm that activity‐based pricing can also be applied in other restaurant and hospitality industry settings.Practical implicationsThe findings from this study suggest that activity‐based pricing may be a viable way for restaurant managers to gain a better understanding of both their guests' price perceptions and the true cost structure of their restaurants. Use of activity‐based pricing allows restaurant managers to set price levels that cover all operating costs and profits, while still meeting guests' expectations of value.Originality/valueThis study is the first of its kind in the hospitality literature, since no prior research has applied activity‐based pricing in a hospitality research setting. This study represents an important new addition to the existing body of hospitality cost and pricing literature.
An exploratory study of US lodging properties' organizational practices on employee turnover and retention
Authors: Moncarz Elisa , Zhao Jinlin , Kay Christine 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate US lodging properties’ organizational employee‐retention initiatives and practices, and to examine the impact of those initiatives on employee turnover and retention.Design/methodology/approachUsing the Directory of Hotel & Lodging Companies, a convenient sample group of 24 management companies are selected. A self‐administered mail survey instrument is developed to measure and test organizational initiatives and practices on employee turnover and retention. Using SPSS 16.0, two statistical tests are employed to test study hypotheses. Correlation analysis is used to identify the relationships between predictor and response variables. Likewise, regression analysis is used to examine the relationships between predictor and response variables hypothesizing that the effectiveness of practicing the human resource management organizational initiatives on management and non‐management retention and turnover will differ.FindingsThe findings reveal that Corporate Culture, Hiring and Promotions and Training practices influence non‐management employee retention. At the same time, Hiring and Promotion practices impact management retention, as well. Moreover, Organizational Mission, Goals and Direction, and Employee Recognition, Rewards and Compensation were found to positively reduce non‐management employee turnover.Research limitations/implicationsOwing to the study methodology and the relatively low response rate, generalization of the study findings is limited. Future replication studies are recommended.Practical implicationsThe findings will equip lodging organizations and industry professionals with the contemporary tools to proactively reduce employee turnover and for maintaining employee retention. This should have a positive impact on workforce productivity.Originality/valueThis study makes a major contribution to the relative influence of the practice of eight study‐defined organizational initiatives on turnover in lodging businesses.