bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using DEA to investigate bank safety and soundness – which approach works best?
Authors: Tripe David 
Published: September 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate use of efficiency analysis as a technique for investigating bank safely and soundness.Design/methodology/approachThree different data envelopment analysis (DEA) models were applied to set of data for the major New Zealand banks over a ten‐quarter period – a CCR model, a profit efficiency model and a non‐oriented slacks‐based approach.FindingsMost useful results are obtained using the slacks‐based approach.Research limitations/implicationsThe period covered by the study was from late 2005 until early 2008, prior to the global financial crisis having major impacts on the New Zealand banking sector.Practical implicationsThe study is of particular value in the New Zealand context where there has historically not been any bank deposit insurance, obliging depositors to make their own assessments of bank safety and soundness.Originality/valueThe paper makes a contribution to very small literature which uses efficiency analysis to explore bank safety and soundness. It also makes use of the slacks‐based DEA approach, which has not yet been widely used in the banking literature.
The impact on performance of IPO allocation reform
Authors: Jiang Fei , Leger Lawrence A. 
Published: September 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the changes in initial public offering (IPO) underpricing and short‐run performance following a regulatory reform (No. 54 [2002] China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC)) of the method of allocating IPO shares in China.Design/methodology/approachOn 20 May 2002, the CSRC announced that IPO subscription and allotment would be based on the market value of investors' tradable shareholdings. Before the regulatory change, this was determined by the amount of funds used for subscription. The reform was intended to increase participation by both smaller and institutional investors. Based on a sample of 209 IPOs in the Shanghai A‐share market during the period 2001‐2003, the paper employs an event study methodology to examine the impact of this IPO regulatory reform.FindingsThe paper finds that the overall (pre‐ and post‐reform) average abnormal initial return of 116.94 per cent is lower than in earlier studies of Chinese IPOs but higher than in other markets. Post‐reform underpricing decreases by 42.27 per cent compared to pre‐reform levels. In the post‐listing aftermarket a pre‐reform upward trend of cumulative abnormal returns was reversed to become downward post‐reform. The results suggest that the regulatory change has encouraged well‐informed investors, consistent with Information Cascades and Bandwagon hypotheses. It also appears that the reform improved market efficiency and secondary market liquidity.Originality/valueThe findings shed light on the relationship between IPO costs, IPO pricing, market liquidity and market microstructure. They also have important implications for issuers, underwriters and in particular for policy markers.
Profiling the jazz festival audience
Authors: Oakes Steve 
Published: September 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to attempt to provide a detailed profile of the jazz festival audience in terms of age, gender, degree qualifications, home ownership levels, newspaper readership, frequency of attending live jazz performances, interest in attending other festivals and CD purchase behaviour. In addition, it seeks to examine the cultural diversity of improvisation.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data were collected from patrons at the Cheltenham International Jazz Festival in order to establish the demographic profile of the jazz audience and distinguish between two broad categories of jazz fan (modern and hybrid). Hybrid jazz fans are categorised as those purchasing traditional/mainstream jazz CDs who may also purchase modern jazz CDs, thus distinguishing them from exclusively modern jazz fans who do not purchase traditional/mainstream jazz CDs.FindingsResults identified a statistically significant difference between modern and hybrid jazz fans in terms of gender profile, newspaper readership, CD purchase behaviour, overall concert attendance and interest in attending a variety of other festivals.Practical implicationsDifferences in purchase behaviour and festival preferences suggest likely differences between segments in terms of the potential demand for cross‐selling of other live entertainment services and related merchandise. Increased awareness of such differences creates the opportunity for more effectively targeted sponsorship.Originality/valueThe paper focuses upon the audience for an art form that has been relatively neglected by the management literature.
Festival management innovation and failure
Authors: Carlsen Jack , Andersson Tommy D. , Ali‐Knight Jane , Jaeger Kari , Taylor Ruth 
Published: September 2010

PurposeThe paper seeks to examine the concepts, types and implications of festival innovation and failure.Design/methodology/approachA review of extant literature is undertaken and examples of innovation and failure in three festivals are used to demonstrate the simultaneity and co‐dependency of innovation and failure in the process of festival management.FindingsIt is apparent that many forms of program, market, service, organisational and financial innovation are available to festival managers. Many involve risk of failure due to the resource dependency theory postulated in the literature, as well as more pragmatic reasons including bad weather and managerial incompetence.Practical  implicationsFestival managers responses to the dual challenges of embracing innovation and avoiding failure will determine the future of festivals, so it is vital that knowledge is developed.Originality/valueThere is limited literature on festival management innovation and failure and limited information available to festival managers regarding the nature of festivals that facilitate innovation or failure. This paper makes an original contribution to these important issues in festival management.
Promouvoir la compréhension du patrimoine partagé (PUSH)
Authors: Ya’ari Elizabeth 
Published: September 2010

Résumé:Le Patrimoine partagé est à la base de l’établissement d’un consensus entre des idées et des lieux en conflit. Le Partenariat de l’Union éuropéenne pour la Paix a soutenu le projet Promoting the Understanding of Shared Heritage (Promouvoir la compréhension du patrimoine partagé– PUSH) : le projet avait pour objectif la mise en place d’un processus pour l’harmonisation des sites archéologique par une équipe pluridisciplinaire d’universitaire israéliens, jordaniens et palestiniens, et la conception de récits pouvant être reçus aussi bien par les communautés locales que régionales.
Aborder Montjuïc comme une part intégrante de l’héritage historique de Barcelone
Authors: Colomer Laia 
Published: September 2010

RésuméComme beaucoup de villes en Espagne, Barcelone a un important patrimoine médiéval d’origine juive – dont d’anciens sites funéraires. Et comme dans beaucoup de villes en Espagne, quand les autorités locales ont procédéà de l’archéologie préventive sur ce patrimoine archéologique partagé, elles se sont heurtées à l’opposition forte (et parfois agressive) de groupes juifs orthodoxes et ultra‐orthodoxes. L’argument avancé est l’incompatibilité apparente entre l’archéologie et la Halakha. Mais on peut supposer que l’épicentre du conflit est ailleurs : à la fois dans notre manière de répondre aux revendications religieuses au sein de sociétés laïcisées, et dans notre manière d’articuler les biens culturels communs du domaine public avec les sensibilités religieuses actuelles en Europe.
Conflit et consensus à Great Barrington : se souvenir de W. E. B. Du Bois
Authors: Paynter Robert , Glassberg David 
Published: September 2010

RésuméW. E. B. Du Bois a été l’un des universitaires engagés les plus influents et les plus controversés du xxe siècle. Il a laissé aux générations futures, outre son ouvrage le plus connu, Les âmes du peuple noir, des étagères entières de travaux universitaires, de romans, de pièces de théâtre, de reconstitutions et d’essais qui ont ouvert des voies nouvelles. Néanmoins, on se souvient surtout de lui pour ses activités politiques, en tant que cofondateur de l’Association nationale pour l’avancement des gens de couleur, rédacteur en chef de son journal The Crisis et coorganisateur de congrès panafricains qui ont rendu possible la décolonisation de l’Afrique, entre autres réalisations. Cet homme exceptionnel est né en 1868 à Great Barrington (Massachusetts). On pourrait penser que sa communauté natale serait fière de l’avoir pour fils le plus célèbre dans le monde. Pourtant, en 1969, le projet de consacrer un parc à sa mémoire a rencontré l’opposition vociférante et menaçante de certains de ses membres. Le présent article décrit la signification du parc mémorial, les circonstances entourant la cérémonie de consécration controversée, et les activités menées depuis lors pour contrer l’opposition raciale et politique à Du Bois dans la ville où il est né.
Improved Method for Bacterial Cell Capture after Flow Cytometry Cell Sorting
Authors: Guillebault D. , Laghdass M. , Catala P. , Obernosterer I. , Lebaron P. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACT

Fixed cells with different nucleic acid contents and scatter properties (low nucleic acid [LNA], high nucleic acid 1 [HNA1], and HNA2) were sorted by flow cytometry (FCM). For each sort, 10,000 cells were efficiently captured on poly-
l
-lysine-coated microplates, resulting in efficient and reproducible PCR amplification.
Biological Approach to Modeling of
Staphylococcus aureus
High-Hydrostatic-Pressure Inactivation Kinetics
Authors: Cebrián Guillermo , Michiels Chris W. , Mañas Pilar , Condón Santiago 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACT

Graphs for survival under high hydrostatic pressure (450 MPa; 25°C; citrate-phosphate buffer, pH 7.0) of stationary-growth-phase cells of eight
Staphylococcus aureus
strains were found to be nonlinear. The strains could be classified into two groups on the basis of the shoulder length. Some of them showed long shoulders of up to 20 min at 450 MPa, while others had shoulders of <3.5 min. All strains showed tails. No significant differences in the inactivation rate were found during the log-linear death phase among the eight strains. The entry into stationary growth phase resulted both in an increase in shoulder length and in a decrease in the inactivation rate. However, whereas shoulder length proved to depend on sigma B factor activity, the inactivation rate did not. Recovery in anaerobiosis decreased the inactivation rate but did not affect the shoulder length. Addition of the minimum noninhibitory concentration of sodium chloride to the recovery medium resulted in a decrease in shoulder length and in an increase in the inactivation rate for stationary-growth-phase cells. In the tail region, up to 90% of the population remained sensitive to sodium chloride.
Selection and Characterization of a Multivalent
Salmonella
Phage and Its Production in a Nonpathogenic
Escherichia coli
Strain
Authors: Santos S. B. , Fernandes E. , Carvalho C. M. , Sillankorva S. , Krylov V. N. , Pleteneva E. A. , Shaburova O. V. , Nicolau A. , Ferreira E. C. , Azeredo J. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACT

We report the selection and amplification of the broad-host-range
Salmonella
phage phi PVP-SE1 in an alternative nonpathogenic host. The lytic spectrum and the phage DNA restriction profile were not modified upon replication in
Escherichia coli
Bl21, suggesting the possibility of producing this phage in a nonpathogenic host, contributing to the safety and easier approval of a product based on this
Salmonella
biocontrol agent.
Label-Free Bacterial Imaging with Deep-UV-Laser-Induced Native Fluorescence
Authors: Bhartia Rohit , Salas Everett C. , Hug William F. , Reid Ray D. , Lane Arthur L. , Edwards Katrina J. , Nealson Kenneth H. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACT

We introduce a near-real-time optical imaging method that works via the detection of the intrinsic fluorescence of life forms upon excitation by deep-UV (DUV) illumination. A DUV (<250-nm) source enables the detection of microbes in their native state on natural materials, avoiding background autofluorescence and without the need for fluorescent dyes or tags. We demonstrate that DUV-laser-induced native fluorescence can detect bacteria on opaque surfaces at spatial scales ranging from tens of centimeters to micrometers and from communities to single cells. Given exposure times of 100 μs and low excitation intensities, this technique enables rapid imaging of bacterial communities and cells without irreversible sample alteration or destruction. We also demonstrate the first noninvasive detection of bacteria on
in situ
-incubated environmental experimental samples from the deep ocean (Lo'ihi Seamount), showing the use of DUV native fluorescence for
in situ
detection in the deep biosphere and other nutrient-limited environments.
Clonal Species
Trichoderma parareesei
sp. nov. Likely Resembles the Ancestor of the Cellulase Producer
Hypocrea jecorina
/
T. reesei
Authors: Atanasova Lea , Jaklitsch Walter M. , Komoń-Zelazowska Monika , Kubicek Christian P. , Druzhinina Irina S. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACT

We have previously reported that the prominent industrial enzyme producer
Trichoderma reesei
(teleomorph
Hypocrea jecorina
; Hypocreales, Ascomycota, Dikarya) has a genetically isolated, sympatric sister species devoid of sexual reproduction and which is constituted by the majority of anamorphic strains previously attributed to
H. jecorina
/
T. reesei
. In this paper we present the formal taxonomic description of this new species,
T. parareesei
, complemented by multivariate phenotype profiling and molecular evolutionary examination. A phylogenetic analysis of relatively conserved loci, such as coding fragments of the RNA polymerase B subunit II (
rpb2
) and GH18 chitinase (
chi18
-
5
), showed that
T. parareesei
is genetically invariable and likely resembles the ancestor which gave raise to
H. jecorina
. This and the fact that at least one mating type gene of
T. parareesei
has previously been found to be essentially altered compared to the sequence of
H. jecorina
/
T. reesei
indicate that divergence probably occurred due to the impaired functionality of the mating system in the hypothetical ancestor of both species. In contrast, we show that the sexually reproducing and correspondingly more polymorphic
H. jecorina
/
T. reesei
is essentially evolutionarily derived. Phenotype microarray analyses performed at seven temperature regimens support our previous speculations that
T. parareesei
possesses a relatively high opportunistic potential, which probably ensured the survival of this species in ancient and sustainable environment such as tropical forests.
Enhancement of the Diversity of Polyoxins by a Thymine-7-Hydroxylase Homolog outside the Polyoxin Biosynthesis Gene Cluster
Authors: Zhao Changming , Huang Tingting , Chen Wenqing , Deng Zixin 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACT

Polyoxins consist of 14 structurally variable components which differentiate at three branch sites of the carbon skeleton. Open reading frame (ORF) SAV_4805 of
Streptomyces avermitilis
, showing similarity to thymine-7-hydroxylase, was proved to enhance the diversity of polyoxins at the C-5 site of the 1-(5′-amino-5′-deoxy-β-
d
-allofuranuronosyl) pyrimidine moiety.
Novel Rhamnosyltransferase Involved in Biosynthesis of Serovar 4-Specific Glycopeptidolipid from
Mycobacterium avium
Complex
Authors: Miyamoto Yuji , Mukai Tetsu , Naka Takashi , Fujiwara Nagatoshi , Maeda Yumi , Kai Masanori , Mizuno Seiko , Yano Ikuya , Makino Masahiko 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACT

Glycopeptidolipids (GPLs) are one of the major glycolipid components present on the surface of
Mycobacterium avium
complex (MAC) that belong to opportunistic pathogens distributed in the natural environment. The serovars of MAC, up to around 30 types, are defined by the variable oligosaccharide portions of the GPLs. Epidemiological studies show that serovar 4 is the most prevalent type, and the prognosis of pulmonary disease caused by serovar 4 is significantly worse than that caused by other serovars. However, little is known about the biosynthesis of serovar 4-specific GPL, particularly the formation of the oligosaccharide portion that determines the properties of serovar 4. To investigate the biosynthesis of serovar 4-specific GPL, we focused on one segment that included functionally unknown genes in the GPL biosynthetic gene cluster of a serovar 4 strain. In this segment, a putative hemolytic protein gene,
hlpA
, and its downstream gene were found to be responsible for the formation of the 4-
O
-methyl-rhamnose residue, which is unique to serovar 4-specific GPL. Moreover, functional characterization of the
hlpA
gene revealed that it encodes a rhamnosyltransferase that transfers a rhamnose residue via 1→4 linkage to a fucose residue of serovar 2-specific GPL, which is a key pathway leading to the synthesis of oligosaccharide of serovar 4-specific GPL. These findings may provide clues to understanding the biological role of serovar 4-specific GPL in MAC pathogenicity and may also provide new insights into glycosyltransferase, which generates structural and functional diversity of GPLs.
Characterization of a Two-Component Regulatory System That Regulates Succinate-Mediated Catabolite Repression in
Sinorhizobium meliloti
Authors: Garcia Preston P. , Bringhurst Ryan M. , Arango Pinedo Catalina , Gage Daniel J. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACT

When they are available,
Sinorhizobium meliloti
utilizes C
4
-dicarboxylic acids as preferred carbon sources for growth while suppressing the utilization of some secondary carbon sources such as α- and β-galactosides. The phenomenon of using succinate as the sole carbon source in the presence of secondary carbon sources is termed succinate-mediated catabolite repression (SMCR). Genetic screening identified the gene
sma0113
as needed for strong SMCR when
S. meliloti
was grown in succinate plus lactose, maltose, or raffinose.
sma0113
and the gene immediately downstream,
sma0114
, encode the proteins Sma0113, an HWE histidine kinase with five PAS domains, and Sma0114, a CheY-like response regulator lacking a DNA-binding domain.
sma0113
in-frame deletion mutants show a relief of catabolite repression compared to the wild type.
sma0114
in-frame deletion mutants overproduce polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), and this overproduction requires
sma0113
. Sma0113 may use its five PAS domains for redox level or energy state monitoring and use that information to regulate catabolite repression and related responses.
The Anti-Anti-Sigma Factor BldG Is Involved in Activation of the Stress Response Sigma Factor σ
H
in
Streptomyces coelicolor
A3(2)
Authors: Sevcikova Beatrica , Rezuchova Bronislava , Homerova Dagmar , Kormanec Jan 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACT

The alternative stress response sigma factor σ
H
has a role in regulation of the osmotic stress response and in morphological differentiation in
Streptomyces coelicolor
A3(2). Its gene,
sigH
, is located in an operon with the gene that encodes its anti-sigma factor UshX (PrsH). However, no gene with similarity to an anti-anti-sigma factor which may have a role in σ
H
activation by a “partner-switching” mechanism is located in the operon. By using a combination of several approaches, including pull-down and bacterial two-hybrid assays and visualization of the complex by native polyacrylamide electrophoresis, we demonstrated a direct interaction between UshX and the pleiotropic sporulation-specific anti-anti-sigma factor BldG. Osmotic induction of transcription of the
sigHp2
promoter that is specifically recognized by RNA polymerase containing σ
H
was absent in an
S. coelicolor bldG
mutant, indicating a role of BldG in σ
H
activation by a partner-switching-like mechanism.
Real-time Fluorescent Resonance Energy Transfer Analysis to Monitor Drug Resistance in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Tunceroglu Ahmet , Matsuda Michiyuki , Birge Raymond B. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Despite the initial effectiveness of oncogene-directed cancer therapeutics, acquired drug resistance remains the ultimate “Achilles' heel” for long-term durable remission in cancer patients. Acquisition of drug resistance is not more evident elsewhere than in the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, imatinib and dasatinib, for patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. Hence, even though imatinib initially produces remission in the chronic phase, ultimately these therapeutics fail via the emergence of drug resistance, in which chronic myelogenous leukemia could inevitably progress to a terminal blast phase culminating in fatal outcome. Technically, it is challenging to predict the onset of drug resistance in a small number of oncogene-transformed cells, making the decision of when and how to employ second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors, or employ novel compounds that would be of benefit in treating drug-resistant Bcr-Abl mutants mainly retrospective. Here, we characterize a rapid and sensitive real-time fluorescent resonance energy transfer–based assay that is able to detect the in vivo activity of Bcr-Abl and its inhibition by small molecule compounds. Due to its real-time and in vivo nature, such an approach has the potential to monitor a drug-resistant phenotype, as well as to identify pharmaceutical agents that inhibit drug-resistant Bcr-Abl oncoproteins in vivo. Mol Cancer Ther; 9(11); 3065–73. ©2010 AACR.
Lower immunglobulin A levels but not lower cortisol or α-amylase activity in children with chronic tension-type headache
Authors: Fernández-de-las-Peñas César , Fernández-Mayoralas Daniel M , Arroyo-Morales Manuel , Ambite-Quesada Silvia , Rivas-Martínez Inés , Ortega-Santiago Ricardo , Díaz-Rodríguez Lourdes , Pareja Juan A 
Published: September 2010

Objective The tudy was designed to investigate the differences in salivary cortisol (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical[HPA] axis), immunoglobulin A (IgA) (immune system) concentrations and α-amylase (sympathetic nervous system [SNS]) activity between children with chronic tension-type headache (CTTH) and healthy children. Methods Thirty-six children, 10 boys and 26 girls (age: 9±2 years) with CTTH and 36 age - and sex-matched healthy children were recruited. Salivary cortisol, αm-amylase activity, salivary flow rate, IgA concentration and IgA rate were collected from non-stimulated saliva. A headache diary was used for collecting data on intensity, frequency and duration of headache for four weeks. Results Children with CTTH showed lower IgA concentration (p = .008) and IgA rate (p = .039), but not lower cortisol concentration (p = .447), salivary flow rate (p = .289) or α-amylase activity (p = .559), as compared to healthy children. Neither age (p < .582) nor gender (p < .227) influenced salivary markers. A significant association between the number of years with headache and IgA concentration (rs = - 0.385; p = .023) was found: the greater the number of years with headache, the lower the IgA concentration. Conclusions These results suggest that children with CTTH present with deficits in the immune system, but not dysfunction in the HPA axis or SNS. Future studies are needed to elucidate the direction of these relationships.