bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving the detection of pulmonary hypertension in systemic sclerosis using pulmonary function tests
Authors: Schreiber Benjamin E. , Valerio Christopher J. , Keir Gregory J. , Handler Clive , Wells Athol U. , Denton Christopher P. , Coghlan John G. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo construct a readily applicable formula for selecting patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) for right‐sided heart catheterization (RHC) based on the results of their pulmonary function tests (PFTs).MethodsThe diagnostic value of PFT variables was quantified in 386 patients with SSc against data obtained from RHC.ResultsWe derived the following formula using data from 257 patients: predicted mPAP = 136 – SpO2 – 0.25 × DLCO % predicted, where mPAP is the mean pulmonary artery pressure, SpO2 is the oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry, and DLCO is the diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide. We validated the formula in the remaining 129 SSc patients. The area under the curve was 0.75 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.67, 0.84). Using a predicted threshold of 25 mm Hg, the sensitivity was 90.1% (95% CI 82, 96) and the specificity was 29.2% (95% CI 17, 44). When used as a screening procedure in a typical scleroderma patient population, it is projected that those with an mPAP below 25 mm Hg are unlikely to have pulmonary hypertension (PH; prevalence 4.4%), those with a predicted mPAP of 25–35 mm Hg are at average risk of having PH (prevalence of 11.3%), and those with a formula‐predicted mPAP above 35 mm Hg are likely to have PH (prevalence of 62.9%), thus justifying RHC. In patients with equivocal findings on echocardiography, a high formula‐predicted mPAP is strongly associated with the presence of PH.ConclusionWe derived and validated an easily applied formula for determining pulmonary function in patients with SSc that identifies subgroups with a low, average, or high prevalence of PH. It provides information that is complementary to echocardiography and that should improve the selection of patients for RHC.
Polydeoxyribonucleotide reduces cytokine production and the severity of collagen‐induced arthritis by stimulation of adenosine A2A receptor
Authors: Bitto Alessandra , Polito Francesca , Irrera Natasha , D'Ascola Angela , Avenoso Angela , Nastasi Giancarlo , Campo Giuseppe M. , Micali Antonio , Bagnato Gianfilippo , Minutoli Letteria , Marini Herbert , Rinaldi Mariagrazia , Squadrito Francesco , Altavilla Domenica 
Published: July 2011

AbstractObjectiveBroad antiinflammatory effects following adenosine A2A receptor stimulation have been demonstrated in acute inflammatory diseases, including arthritis. Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) activates the adenosine A2A receptor. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of PDRN in collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) in mice.MethodsArthritis was induced in DBA/1 mice by an intradermal injection of 100 μl of bovine type II collagen in Freund's complete adjuvant. Mice were immunized a second time 21 days later. Control animals received 100 μl of a saline solution. Animals with CIA were randomized to receive one of the following: vehicle (1 ml/kg); PDRN (8 mg/kg intraperitoneally daily); 3,7‐dimethyl‐propargylxanthine (DMPX), a specific adenosine A2A receptor antagonist (0.1 mg/kg intraperitoneally daily); or PDRN plus DMPX. The treatment was initiated immediately after the second immunization and continued to day 45. Clinical evaluation of arthritis was performed throughout the study. On day 45, the animals were killed and the severity of arthritis was evaluated histologically. Cartilage expression and circulating levels of high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 (HMGB‐1), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and IL‐10 were investigated. Inflammatory cytokine production was also evaluated in stimulated human chondrocytes treated with PDRN.ResultsPDRN treatment significantly ameliorated clinical signs of arthritis, improved histologic damage, reduced the cartilage expression and circulating levels of HMGB‐1, TNFα, and IL‐6, and enhanced IL‐10 expression. The concomitant administration of DMPX and PDRN ablated the PDRN‐induced protective effect in experimental arthritis. PDRN also reduced cytokine production from stimulated human chondrocytes.ConclusionOur findings indicate that PDRN may represent a new alternative for the treatment of arthritis.
Fibroblast growth factor 2 and transforming growth factor β1 induce precocious maturation of articular cartilage
Authors: Khan Ilyas M. , Evans Sam L. , Young Robert D. , Blain Emma J. , Quantock Andrew J. , Avery Nick , Archer Charles W. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractObjectiveWe have discovered that a combination of fibroblast growth factor 2 and transforming growth factor β1 induce profound morphologic changes in immature articular cartilage. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that these changes represent accelerated postnatal maturation.MethodsHistochemical and biochemical assays were used to confirm the nature of the morphologic changes that accompany growth factor stimulation of immature bovine articular cartilage explants in serum‐free culture medium. Growth factor–induced apoptosis, cellular proliferation, and changes in the collagen network were also quantitatively analyzed.ResultsGrowth factor stimulation resulted in rapid resorption from the basal aspect of immature cartilage explants that was simultaneously opposed by cellular proliferation from the apical aspect driven from a pool of chondroprogenitor cells we have previously described. Maturation‐dependent changes in tissue stiffness, collagen crosslinking, and collagen fibril architecture as well as differentiation of the extracellular matrix into distinct pericellular, territorial, and interterritorial domains were all present in growth factor–stimulated cartilage samples and absent in control samples.ConclusionOur data demonstrate that it is possible to significantly enhance the maturation of cartilage tissue using specific growth factor stimulation. This may have applications in transplantation therapy or in the treatment of diseased cartilage, through phenotype modulation of osteoarthritic chondrocytes in order to stimulate growth and maturation of cartilage repair tissue.
Complexity and the practice of web information architecture
Authors: Burford Sally 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis article describes the outcomes of research that examined the practice of web information architecture (IA) in large organizations. Using a grounded theory approach, seven large organizations were investigated and the data were analyzed for emerging themes and concepts. The research finds that the practice of web IA is characterized by unpredictability, multiple perspectives, and a need for responsiveness, agility, and negotiation. This article claims that web IA occurs in a complex environment and has emergent, self‐organizing properties. There is value in examining the practice as a complex adaptive system. Using this metaphor, a pre‐determined, structured methodology that delivers a documented, enduring, information design for the web is found inadequate – dominant and traditional thinking and practice in the organization of information are challenged.
Molecular Triangles: Synthesis, Self‐Assembly, and Blue Emission of Cyclo‐7,10‐tris‐triphenylenyl Macrocycles
Authors: Schwab Matthias Georg , Qin Tianshi , Pisula Wojciech , Mavrinskiy Alexey , Feng Xinliang , Baumgarten Martin , Kim Hun , Laquai Frédéric , Schuh Sebastian , Trattnig Roman , W. List Emil J. , Müllen Klaus 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA set of cyclo‐7,10‐tris‐triphenylenyl macrocycles have been prepared by a Yamamoto cyclotrimerization protocol. In these novel macrocycles, three triphenylene units are covalently linked to each other, resulting in the formation of triangular‐shaped molecules. The fully planar derivative revealed pronounced self‐assembly behavior. NMR spectroscopy was used to determine the association constant in solution. 2D wide‐angle X‐ray scattering was applied to the study of the liquid crystallinity of this new discotic mesogen in the bulk state. Furthermore, nonplanar, laterally substituted derivatives were successfully tested as blue emitters in organic light‐emitting diodes owing to their unique optoelectronic properties and their high stability. In this case, substitution with sterically demanding phenyl groups was efficiently used to suppress intermolecular packing, thus preventing undesired quenching effects.
Ameisen und Aliens. Zur Wissensgeschichte von Soziologie und Entomologie
Authors: Werber Niels 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAnts and Aliens. An Episode in the History of Entomological and Sociological Construction of Knowledge. The frequent use of biological metaphors in descriptions of society is well known and has already been investigated. Even the traces of biological theory in sociology have been explored. In this field of science, studies of social insects play an important role, because ants, bees, and termites have been considered to be genuinely political animals and founders of societies. Like men, social insects exist only in collectives; thus, the entomologist's research directs him from the individual insect, its morphology and taxonomy to the analysis of insect societies. Entomologists like Wheeler or Wilson become sociologists and develop methods to deal with a society whose members are dumb, soulless, without reason, rational choice, or motives. Tools invented to describe the evolution of insect societies have been picked up by sociological founders of systems theory like Parsons or Luhmann, who were busy building a theory of a society, which for heuristic reasons is not composed of men (individuals with souls, motives, consciousness and so on) but rather of communications, media, or codes. My paper treats 1.) the genealogy of this discursive mixture of problems, methods, and focuses on 2.) the rhetorical dimension of this entomological‐sociological passage. I will sketch certain ‘evident’ pictures of society, which function as media of a subliminal crossing of entomological and sociological premises, models, and assumptions. Both can be found in novels like Wilson's Anthill, which this paper analyzes with respect to the concepts of society implied by them, that is, concepts whose blueprints are based on models of an ant society.
Cold temperature decreases bacterial species richness in nitrogen‐removing bioreactors treating inorganic mine waters
Authors: Karkman A. , Mattila K. , Tamminen M. , Virta M. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractExplosives used in mining, such as ammonium nitrate fuel oil (ANFO), can cause eutrophication of the surrounding environment by leakage of ammonium and nitrate from undetonated material that is not properly treated. Cold temperatures in mines affect nitrogen removal from water when such nutrients are treated with bioreactors in situ. In this study we identified bacteria in the bioreactors and studied the effect of temperature on the bacterial community. The bioreactors consisted of sequential nitrification and denitrification units running at either 5 or 10°C. One nitrification bioreactor running at 5°C was fed with salt spiked water. From the nitrification bioreactors, sequences from both ammonia‐ and nitrite‐oxidizing bacteria were identified, but the species were distinct at different temperatures. The main nitrifiers in the lower temperature were closely related to the genera Nitrosospira and Candidatus Nitrotoga. 16S rRNA gene sequences closely related to halotolerant Nitrosomonas eutropha were found only from the salt spiked nitrification bioreactor. At 10°C the genera Nitrosomonas and Nitrospira were the abundant nitrifiers. The results showed that bacterial species richness estimates were low, <150 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), in all bioreactor clone libraries, when sequences were assigned to operational taxonomic units at an evolutionary distance of 0.03. The only exception was the nitrification bioreactor running at 10°C where species richness was higher, >300 OTUs. Species richness was lower in bioreactors running at 5°C compared to those operating at 10°C. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011;108: 2876–2883. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical use of temporary percutaneous left ventricular assist devices
Authors: Froesch Patric , Martinelli Michele , Meier Pascal , Cook Stéphane , Hullin Roger , Windecker Stephan , Mohacsi Paul , Meier Bernhard 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBackground:Temporary percutaneous left ventricular assist devices (TPLVAD) can be inserted and removed in awake patients. They substitute left ventricular function for a period of up to a few weeks and provide an excellent backup and bridge to recovery or decision.Methods:Retrospective analysis of 75 patients who received TPLVAD to treat cardiogenic shock (n = 49) or to facilitate high‐risk percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (n = 26). Forty‐two patients with cardiogenic shock and 16 patients with high‐risk PCI received a TandemHeart and 7 patients and 10 patients, respectively, received an Impella Recover LP 2.5. Outcome and related complications up to 1 month are reported with reference to device depending function.Results:One‐month survival was 53% in patients with shock and 96% in patients with PCI.Conclusion:TPLVADs can support the failing heart with acceptable risk. Outcome is better in prophylactic use than in patients with cardiogenic shock. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transcatheter closure of direct communication of main pulmonary artery to left atrium using muscular VSD occluder in an infant
Authors: Rad Elaheh Malakan , Arabi Mohammad Yousef 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe report a direct main pulmonary artery (MPA) to left atrium (LA) communication in a 21‐month‐old infant which is closed by transcatheter approach using a muscular VSD occluder. We explain the characteristic diagnostic clues of this anomaly on chest radiography, echocardiography and angiography. To our knowledge this is the first case of congenital MPA to LA communication effectively occluded by a VSD muscular occluder. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Percutaneous closure of paravalvular leak and ventricular septum defect
Authors: Smolka Grzegorz , Pysz Piotr , Ochała Andrzej 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe report a case of a patient with history of complicated infective endocarditis. Following aortic valve replacement, he developed heart failure symptoms related to paravalvular leak and ventricular septum defect. Comprehensive multimodality imaging allowed planning a simultaneous closure of both with a single device. Successfully accomplished procedure resulted in significant abatement of symptoms and reduction of ventricles dilatation. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Left main perforation and acute stent thrombosis—a cath lab nightmare
Authors: Fang Hsiu‐Yu , Wu Chiung‐Jen 
Published: July 2011

AbstractCoronary perforation is a rare, but life‐threatening, complication that can develop during a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Prompt nonsurgical treatment such as covered stent deployment can potentially arrest progression of the condition; however, other lethal complications such as acute stent thrombosis or side branch occlusion can occur. This report describes a case of perforation of the left main coronary artery that was successfully managed via stenting; however, acute stent thrombosis and side branch occlusion subsequently occurred under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support. Means of avoiding this tragic outcome involve the routine use of intravascular ultrasound in patients undergoing PCI of the left main coronary artery, being respectful of circumferential calcification, and keeping the procedure as simple as possible. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and Catalytic Water Oxidation Activities of Ruthenium Complexes Containing Neutral Ligands
Authors: Xu Yunhua , Duan Lele , Åkermark Torbjörn , Tong Lianpeng , Lee Bao‐Lin , Zhang Rong , Åkermark Björn , Sun Licheng 
Published: July 2011

AbstractTwo dinuclear and one mononuclear ruthenium complexes containing neutral polypyridyl ligands have been synthesised as pre‐water oxidation catalysts and characterised by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and ESI‐MS. Their catalytic water oxidation properties in the presence of [Ce(NH4)2(NO3)6] (CeIV) as oxidant at pH 1.0 have been investigated. At low concentrations of CeIV (5 mM), high turnover numbers of up to 4500 have been achieved. An 18O‐labelling experiment established that both O atoms in the evolved O2 originate from water. Combined electrochemical study and electrospray ionisation mass spectrometric analysis suggest that ligand exchange between coordinated 4‐picoline and free water produces Ru aquo species as the real water oxidation catalysts.
Synthesis of the Anti‐HIV Agent (−)‐Hyperolactone C by Using Oxonium Ylide Formation–Rearrangement
Authors: Hodgson David M. , Man Stanislav 
Published: July 2011

AbstractStarting from readily available (S)‐styrene oxide an asymmetric synthesis is described of the naturally occurring anti‐HIV spirolactone (−)‐hyperolactone C, which possesses adjacent fully substituted stereocenters. The key step involves a stereocontrolled RhII‐catalysed oxonium ylide formation–[2,3] sigmatropic rearrangement of an α‐diazo‐β‐ketoester bearing allylic ether functionality. From the resulting furanone, an acid‐catalysed lactonisation and dehydrogenation gives the natural product.
Development of supercritical fluid extraction and supercritical fluid chromatography purification methods using rapid solubility screening with multiple solubility chambers
Authors: Gahm Kyung H. , Huang Ke , Barnhart Wesley W. , Goetzinger Wolfgang 
Published: July 2011

AbstractRapid solubility screening in diverse supercritical fluids (SCFs) was carried out via multiple solubility chambers with a trapping device and online ultraviolet (UV) detection. With this device, it was possible to rapidly study the solubility variations of multiple components in a mixture. Results from solubility studies have been used to develop efficient supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) methods. After the investigation of solubilities of theophylline and caffeine in several neat organic solvents and SCFs, advantages of SFE over conventional organic solvent extraction were demonstrated with a model mixture of theophylline and caffeine. The highest solubility ratio of 1:40 (theophylline:caffeine) was observed in the SCF with 20% acetonitrile (MeCN), where a ratio of 1:11 was the highest in the neat organic solvents. A model mixture of theophylline:caffeine (85:15 w/w, caffeine as an impurity) was successfully purified by SFE by leveraging the highest solubility difference. The SCF with 20% MeCN selectively removed caffeine and left theophylline largely intact. Rapid SCF solubility screening was applied to development of SFE and SFC methods in a drug discovery environment. Two successful applications were demonstrated with proprietary Amgen compounds to either remove an achiral impurity before chiral purification or enhance chiral chromatographic throughput. Chirality, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Application of a new amidophosphite ligand to Rh‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of β‐dehydroamino acid derivatives in supercritical carbon dioxide: Activation effect of protic co‐solvents
Authors: Lyubimov Sergey E. , Rastorguev Eugenie A. , Davankov Vadim A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractNew chiral amidophosphite ligand was synthesized and tested in the Rh‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of (Z)‐β‐(acylamino)acrylates in protic solvents and supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) The catalytic performance is affected greatly by the acidity of the solvents. Better enantioselectivity (up to 88% ee) was achieved in scCO2 containing 1,1,1,3,3,3‐hexafluoro‐2‐propanol, compared to neat protic solvents. Chirality, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification of spliced variants of the proto‐oncogene hdm2 in colorectal cancer
Authors: Yu Zhiwei , Zhang Bin , Cui Binbin , Wang Yihui , Han Peng , Wang Xishan 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:The human double minute 2 (hdm2) oncogene is a negative regulator of the p53 gene. Expression and alternative splicing of the hdm2 gene may contribute to colorectal cancer development or progression. This study aimed to determine the presence and identification of aberrant mRNA transcripts of hdm2 in colorectal cancer tissues and cell lines, and determine the nature of their association with clinicopathological characteristics and survival of patients.METHODS:A total of 69 colorectal cancer and corresponding normal tissue specimens and 10 colon cancer cell lines were recruited for polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing analyses of hdm2 mRNA. Genomic DNA from these tissues and cells was also extracted for p53 gene mutation analysis. The association of hdm2 fragmented transcripts and p53 gene mutation with clinicopathological data was then statistically analyzed.RESULTS:In 62 cases (89.9%; 62 of 69) of colorectal cancer tissues the full‐length hdm2 was amplified, whereas 7 cases had no hdm2 transcripts. Thirty‐two of 62 cases (51.6%) and 6 of 10 cell lines (60%) showed at least 1 hdm2 spliced variant. A total of 4 hdm2 splicing variants were found in colorectal cancer tissues and cells, that is, lack of nucleotides between 157 and 292 bp in hdm2/1338, 81 to 901 bp in hdm2/707, 157 to 292, 407 to 505, and 668 to 901 bp in hdm2/1007, and 610 to 883 in hdm2/1200. Of these, hdm2/1338 is a novel hdm2 variant in colorectal cancer. Mutation in p53 was detected in 21 cases (33.8%; 21 of 62). Although there was no association found between expression of hdm2 splicing variants and p53 gene mutations, expression of hdm2 splicing variants was associated with advanced tumor stage (P = .022) and distant metastasis (P = .004) in wild‐type p53 cases, and with poor survival of patients (P = .039).CONCLUSIONS:The data from the current study provide the first evidence that hdm2 mRNA is frequently mutated by alternative splicing in colorectal cancer, and may play a role in colorectal tumorigenesis or cancer progression. Cancer 2012; . © 2011 American Cancer Society.