bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: JSPS Asia and Africa Scientific Platform Program Development for the Medicinal Chemistry Based on Biologically Active Natural Products in the Subtropical Zone
Authors: Saito Naoki , Morita Takashi 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Theoretical Aspects of the Biological Catch Bond
Authors: Prezhdo Oleg V. , Pereverzev Yuriy V. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoactive Corrole‐Based Arrays
Authors: Flamigni Lucia , Gryko Daniel T. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Modern Reaction‐Based Indicator Systems
Authors: Cho Dong‐Gyu , Sessler Jonathan L. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Sulfate Anion Templation of Macrocycles, Capsules, Interpenetrated and Interlocked Structures
Authors: Mullen Kathleen M. , Beer Paul D. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Diamond CVD by a Combined Plasma Pretreatment and Seeding Procedure
Authors: Rotter Shlomo Zalka , Madaleno Joana Catarina 
Published: August 2009

AbstractA novel nucleation process (NNP), called the Rotter nucleation process in a recent review article, is described in detail in this paper. The NNP is based on the initial formation of a carbon film that, together with the diamond seeds on the surface (by standard seeding), plays an important role in the growth of the diamond layer. In the early stage, NNP induces a lateral growth mode that prevails until the initial grains coalesce and columnar growth begins. This method opens up new ways of using thin diamond films as encapsulation layers, and enables the formation of composite materials based on diamond.
Repeated Growing and Annealing Towards ZnO Film by Metal‐Organic CVD
Authors: Wu Chia‐Cheng , Wuu Dong‐Sing , Lin Po‐Rung , Chen Tsai‐Ning , Horng Ray‐Hua 
Published: August 2009

AbstractZnO deposited on sapphire substrate is investigated as a function of growth temperature in the range 350∼650 °C. The surface morphology of ZnO structures changes significantly with increasing growth temperature. Though ZnO crystal quality and optical property can be improved under high growth temperature, ZnO is inclined to form nanostructures. Therefore, we propose the repeated growing and annealing (RGA) growth mode as a reliable and reproducible way for the growth of ZnO film. The RGA growth mode is performed at a growth temperature of 450 °C for 8 min, an anneal temperature of 650 °C for 20 min, and repeatedly switched between growing and annealing. Meanwhile, we compare the effects of annealing under Ar, N2, and O2, and found that a low resistivity of 3.4 × 10−3 Ω cm and a high mobility of 85.2 cm2 V−1 s−1 can be obtained annealing under N2.
Endoglin plays distinct roles in vascular smooth muscle cell recruitment and regulation of arteriovenous identity during angiogenesis
Authors: Mancini Maria L. , Terzic Aleksandra , Conley Barbara A. , Oxburgh Leif H. , Nicola Teodora , Vary Calvin P.H. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBlood vessel formation is a multi‐step process. Endoglin is a TGFβ coreceptor required for angiogenesis. Endoglin null embryos exhibit a loss of arteriovenous identity and defective vascular smooth muscle cell (vSMC) recruitment. Haploinsufficiency of endoglin results in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT), characterized by a loss of arteriovenous identity and aberrant vSMC incorporation in fragile vessels. We explored a cell‐autonomous role for endoglin in endothelial and vSMCs during angiogenesis by conditionally activating endoglin expression in wild type or endoglin null embryos using either smooth muscle (SM22αcre) or endothelial cell (Tie2cre) promoters to partially rescue vSMC recruitment to the dorsal aorta. Examination of endoglin null embryos revealed ectopic arterial expression of the venous‐specific marker COUPTFII. Endoglin re‐expression in endothelial cells restored normal COUPTFII expression. These results suggested that endoglin plays distinct and cell‐autonomous roles in vSMC recruitment and arteriovenous specification via COUPTFII in angiogenesis that may contribute to HHT. Developmental Dynamics 238:2479–2493, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Two distinct types of theca cells in the medaka gonad: Germ cell‐dependent maintenance of cyp19a1‐expressing theca cells
Authors: Nakamura Shuhei , Kurokawa Hiromi , Asakawa Shuichi , Shimizu Nobuyoshi , Tanaka Minoru 
Published: August 2009

AbstractAromatase is a steroidogenic enzyme catalyzing the production of estrogens and is important for the proper development and function of the reproductive system. The lineage of cyp19a1 (ovarian‐type aromatase)‐expressing cells in the developing gonad was analyzed using a transgenic medaka (Oryzias latipes) that recapitulates endogenous cyp19a1 expression with EGFP fluorescence. Our results show that cyp19a1‐expressing cells arise in the ventral stromal cells of the developing female gonad, then expand anteriorly as the gonadal region extends anteriorly. These cells become located close to the developing follicles, and are distinguishable from the P450c17‐I‐expressing theca cells. In the adult ovary, the expression of P450c17‐I and cyp19a1 are mutually exclusive in the outer theca‐cell layer. Cyp19a1 expression in the granulosa cells is found only in the population of large follicles. These observations demonstrate two types of theca cells in the medaka ovary. We also show that the maintenance of cyp19a1‐expressing cells depends on germ cells. Developmental Dynamics 238:2652–2657, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Role of the nanos homolog during sea urchin development
Authors: Fujii Takayoshi , Sakamoto Naoaki , Ochiai Hiroshi , Fujita Kazumasa , Okamitsu Yuka , Sumiyoshi Noriko , Minokawa Takuya , Yamamoto Takashi 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe nanos genes play important roles in the development of primordial germ cells in animal species. In the sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus, small micromere descendants specifically express HpNanos mRNA and this expression continues in the left coelomic pouch, which produces the major component of the adult rudiment. In this study, we showed that morpholino knockdown of HpNanos resulted in a delay of primary mesenchyme cell ingression and a decrease in the number of cells comprising the left coelomic pouch. Knockdown analysis in chimeras and whole embryos revealed the disappearance of small micromere descendants from the archenteron tip. Furthermore, the expression of HpNanos mRNA was induced in other cell lineages in the HpNanos‐knockdown and micromere‐deleted embryos. Taken together, our results suggest that HpNanos is involved in the inductive interaction of small micromere descendants with other cell lineages, and that HpNanos is required for the survival of small micromere descendants. Developmental Dynamics 238:2511–2521, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
β‐catenin–mediated signaling and cell adhesion in postgastrulation mouse embryos
Authors: Hierholzer Andreas , Kemler Rolf 
Published: August 2009

Abstractβ‐Catenin plays two major roles during the development of multicellular organisms. It is the downstream effector of the canonical Wnt signaling cascade, which is involved in many developmental processes and in tumor formation. Additionally, it is linked to classic cadherins and is required for the correct assembly and function of adherens junctions. β‐Catenin loss of function mutants show early gastrulation lethality. To address the role of β‐catenin in postgastrulation stages and to overcome the early embryonic lethality, we performed conditional gene targeting, using Cdx1::Cre, a newly established mouse line. By this approach, β‐catenin was depleted in the entire posterior embryo after the gastrulation process at embryonic day 8.0, when the three germ layers were established. We observed defects in signaling and adhesion which are temporarily separated. At an early event, known targets of Wnt/β‐catenin are down‐regulated in the paraxial mesoderm. Moreover, Fgf8 and Wnt3a, the key players of the segmentation process, are down‐regulated in the neural ectoderm (NE). Wnt3a expression was rescued in mutant embryos by exogenous Fgf and inhibition of Fgf signaling in wild‐type embryos resulted in Wnt3a down‐regulation. Based on these results, we assume the existence of an autoregulatory feedback loop in the NE where Fgf8 regulates Wnt3a, which in turn, by means of β‐catenin, maintains Fgf8 expression. In later stages, the lack of β‐catenin caused a progressive posterior disintegration. We found that β‐catenin is required for the correct localization of N‐cadherin at the membrane of neural ectodermal cells and that its absence causes a disintegration of the neural tube. Developmental Dynamics 239:191–199, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Abnormal retinal development in the Btrc null mouse
Authors: Baguma‐Nibasheka Mark , Kablar Boris 
Published: August 2009

AbstractPrevious microarray analysis revealed beta‐transducin repeat containing (Btrc) down‐regulation in the retina of mouse embryos specifically lacking cholinergic amacrine cells (CACs) as a result of the absence of skeletal musculature and fetal ocular movements. To investigate the role of Btrc in the determination of retinal cell fate, the present study examined retinal morphology in Btrc−/− mouse fetuses. The Btrc−/− retina showed a normal number of cell layers and number of cells per layer with normal cell proliferation and apoptosis. However, there was a complete absence of CACs and a decrease in tyrosine hydroxylase‐expressing amacrine cells. The population of other amacrine cell subtypes was normal, whereas that of the precursor cells was decreased. There was also a reduction in the number of retinal ganglion cells, whereas their progenitors were increased. These findings suggest a role for Btrc in regulating the eventual ratio of resulting differentiated retinal cell types. Developmental Dynamics 238:2680–2687, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A New Synthesis of Benzo[f]isoindole‐4,9‐diones by Radical Alkylation and Bromomethylation of 1,4‐Naphthoquinones
Authors: Deblander Jurgen , Van Aeken Sam , Jacobs Jan , De Kimpe Norbert , Abbaspour Tehrani Kourosch 
Published: August 2009

AbstractTwo synthetic routes towards substituted benzo[f]isoindole‐4,9‐diones have been developed. One strategy relies on the synthesis of N‐trifluoroacetyl‐protected 2‐(1‐aminoalkyl)‐1,4‐naphthoquinones starting from 1,4‐naphthoquinone and N‐trifluoroacetyl‐α‐amino acids by a Kochi–Anderson oxidative decarboxylation method. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that 2‐(1‐aminoalkyl)‐1,4‐naphthoquinones are suitable precursors for the synthesis of 1‐alkylbenzo[f]isoindole‐4,9‐diones by bromomethylation and subsequent N‐deprotection. Further functionalization by N‐alkylation and bromination resulted in completely and asymmetrically substituted benzo[f]isoindole‐4,9‐diones. The second synthesis is based on a reductive amination of 3‐(bromomethyl)‐1,4‐dimethoxynaphthalene‐2‐carbaldehyde and subsequent oxidation. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Synthesis of (±) Wine Lactone and Its Analogues by a Diels–Alder Approach (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 26/2009)
Authors: O'Connor Patrick D. , Kim U Bin , Brimble Margaret A. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe cover picture shows a typical panoramic scene encountered in New Zealand: a vineyard situated near Blenheim at the base of the Southern Alps. Wine lactone, a sweet‐smelling compound that contributes significantly to the aroma of a variety of white wines, is depicted in a reaction scheme in the foreground. The intramolecular Diels–Alder cycloaddition leading to wine lactone is diastereoselective, and the computationally predicted transition state is illustrated against the sky background. Scheurebe grapes and Riesling wine being poured into a glass are also depicted. Wine lactone is found in wines produced from both Scheurebe and Riesling grapes. Details are discussed in the article by M. A. Brimble et al. on p. 4405 ff.
Overexpression of human S100B exacerbates cerebral amyloidosis and gliosis in the Tg2576 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Mori Takashi , Koyama Naoki , Arendash Gary W. , Horikoshi‐Sakuraba Yuko , Tan Jun , Town Terrence 
Published: August 2009

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common progressive dementia and is pathologically characterized by brain deposition of amyloid‐β (Aβ) peptide as senile plaques. Inflammatory and immune response pathways are chronically activated in AD patient brains at low levels, and likely play a role in disease progression. Like microglia, activated astrocytes produce numerous acute‐phase reactants and proinflammatory molecules in the AD brain. One such molecule, S100B, is highly expressed by reactive astrocytes in close vicinity of β‐amyloid deposits. We have previously shown that augmented and prolonged activation of astrocytes has a detrimental impact on neuronal survival. Furthermore, we have implicated astrocyte‐derived S100B as a candidate molecule responsible for this deleterious effect. To evaluate a putative relationship between S100B and AD pathogenesis, we crossed transgenic mice overexpressing human S100B (TghuS100B mice) with the Tg2576 mouse model of AD, and examined AD‐like pathology. Brain parenchymal and cerebral vascular β‐amyloid deposits and Aβ levels were increased in bigenic Tg2576‐huS100B mice. These effects were associated with increased cleavage of the β‐C‐terminal fragment of amyloid precursor protein (APP), elevation of the N‐terminal APP cleavage product (soluble APPβ), and activation of β‐site APP cleaving enzyme 1. In addition, double transgenic mice showed augmented reactive astrocytosis and microgliosis, high levels of S100 expression, and increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines as early as 7–9 months of age. These results provide evidence that (over)‐expression of S100B acts to accelerate AD‐like pathology, and suggest that inhibiting astrocytic activation by blocking S100B biosynthesis may be a promising therapeutic strategy to delay AD progression. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Erythropoietin promotes Schwann cell migration and assembly of the provisional extracellular matrix by recruiting β1 integrin to the cell surface
Authors: Inoue Gen , Gaultier Alban , Li Xiaoqing , Mantuano Elisabetta , Richardson George , Takahashi Kazuhisa , Campana W. Marie 
Published: August 2009

AbstractIn peripheral nerve injury, Schwann cells undergo profound phenotypic modulation, adopting a migratory phenotype and remodeling the extracellular matrix so that it is permissive for axonal regrowth. Erythropoietin (Epo) and its receptor (EpoR) are expressed by Schwann cells after nerve injury, regulating inflammatory cytokine expression and minimizing the duration of neuropathic pain. The mechanism of Epo activity in the injured peripheral nerve remains incompletely understood. Herein, we demonstrate that Epo promotes Schwann cell migration in vitro on fibronectin (FN)‐coated surfaces. Epo also rapidly recruits β1 integrin subunit to the Schwann cell surface by a JAK‐2‐dependent pathway. Although β1 integrin subunit‐containing integrins were not principally responsible for Schwann cell adhesion or migration on FN under basal conditions, β1 gene‐silencing blocked the ability of Epo to promote cell migration. Epo also induced Schwann cell FN expression in vitro and in vivo. The FN was organized into insoluble fibrils by Epo‐treated Schwann cells in vitro and into an extensive matrix surrounding Schwann cells in vivo. Our results support a model in which Epo promotes Schwann cell migration and assembly of the provisional extracellular matrix in the injured peripheral nerve by its effects on integrin recruitment to the cell surface and local FN production. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Indole and its alkyl‐substituted derivatives protect erythrocyte and DNA against radical‐induced oxidation
Authors: Zhao Feng , Liu Zai‐Qun 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe antioxidant properties of 1,2,3,4‐tetra‐hydrocarbazole, 6‐methoxy‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydrocar‐bazole (MTC), 2,3‐dimethylindole, 5‐methoxy‐2,3‐dimethylindole, and indole were investigated in the case of hemolysis of human erythrocytes and oxidative damage of DNA induced by 2,2′‐azobis(2‐amidinopropane hydrochloride) (AAPH), respectively. The aim of this work was to explore the influence of methoxy, methyl, and cyclohexyl substituents on the antioxidant activities of indole derivatives. These indole derivatives were able to protect erythrocytes and DNA in a concentration‐dependent manner. The alkyl‐substituted indole can protect erythrocytes and DNA against AAPH‐induced oxidation. Especially, the structural features of cyclohexyl and methoxy substituents made MTC the best antioxidant among the indole derivatives used herein. Finally, the interaction between these indole derivatives and 2,2′‐azinobis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonate) radical cation and 2,2′‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl, respectively, provided direct evidence for these indole derivatives to scavenge radicals and emphasized the importance of electron‐donating groups for the free radical–scavenging activity of indole derivatives. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 23:273–279, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jbt.20289
Pro‐oxidant effects of phenothiazine and phenoxazine on erythrocytes in the presence of peroxyl radical
Authors: Li Guo‐Xiang , Tang You‐Zhi , Liu Zai‐Qun 
Published: August 2009

AbstractPhenothiazine (PtzNH) and phenoxazine (PozNH) can protect human erythrocytes against hemolysis induced by 2,2′‐azobis(2‐amidinopropane hydrochloride) (AAPH), a peroxyl radical supplier. However, an antioxidant may be a pro‐oxidant to accelerate the oxidation in the presence of radicals. The aim of this work is to assess whether PtzNH and PozNH have the potential to be pro‐oxidants in AAPH‐induced hemolysis of human erythrocytes. It has been found that high concentrations of PtzNH and PozNH employed were able to initiate hemolysis even in the absence of AAPH. In the presence of AAPH, the period of PtzNH and PozNH to lag hemolysis (tlag) decreased with the increase in the concentrations of PtzNH and PozNH, implicating that high concentration of PtzNH and PozNH accelerated hemolysis. So, PtzNH and PozNH played pro‐oxidants' role in this case. Furthermore, high concentrations of AAPH employed made the pro‐oxidant effect of PtzNH more remarkable. On the contrary, PozNH played a pro‐oxidant role if only low concentration of AAPH was employed. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 23:280–286, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jbt.20290
Multiplicity of n‐heptane oxidation pathways catalyzed by cytochrome P450
Authors: Szutowski Mirosław M. , Rakoto Joseph S. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractModeling, mutagenesis, and kinetic studies have demonstrated that the substrate‐binding site of cytochrome P450 is composed of multiple interactive regions that are capable of simultaneously binding two or more xenobiotics. Substrate molecules can interact with each other after docking. Thus, substrates can compete for the activated oxygen–ferrous complex or alter the spatial orientation of other molecules. Cytochrome P450 is a unique enzyme that produces n‐heptane metabolites of different oxidation states. Metabolism of n‐heptane was investigated with rat liver microsomes and a reconstituted rat liver system. Ethanol, n‐propanol, and n‐butanol molecules interacted with the n‐heptane molecule and resulted in cytochrome P450 spectral changes as well as alterations in the n‐heptane metabolic profile. The observed modifications in the biotransformation of n‐heptane indicated that there are three distinct pathways for oxidation of n‐heptane to heptanols, heptanones, and one‐side oxygen‐oriented heptanediones. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 23:287–294, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jbt.20291
Vaginal birth after cesarean checklist: An evidence‐based approach to improving care during VBAC trials
Authors: Veltman Larry 
Published: August 2009

AbstractSeveral medical organizations and specialty societies, as part of their approach to patient safety, have recommended that checklists be introduced and followed in certain high‐risk healthcare situations. There is now evidence that following these kinds of checklists leads to improved outcomes. This article recommends a checklist that can be completed for each patient when she is admitted for a trial of labor after a previous cesarean delivery (VBAC). The elements of the checklist will help confirm the preparedness of the organization, compliance with national standards, and the consent of the patient for the VBAC trial.
Identification of vestibuloocular projection neurons in the developing chicken medial vestibular nucleus
Authors: Gottesman‐Davis Adria , Peusner Kenna D. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBiocytin was injected into the oculomotor, trochlear, or abducens nucleus on one side using isolated chicken brainstem preparations or brain slices to identify the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) neurons projecting to these targets. Oculomotor nucleus injections produced retrogradely labeled neurons in the contralateral ventrolateral MVN (MVNVL), with few labeled neurons in the ipsilateral MVNVL and rarely in the dorsomedial MVN on either side. Labeled MVNVL neurons were identified as stellate (95%) and elongate (5%) cells. Trochlear nucleus injections produced a similar pattern of MVN neuron labeling. Abducens nucleus injections resulted in retrogradely labeled stellate (87%) and elongate (13%) neurons in the MVNVL, which had smaller cell bodies than those projecting to the oculomotor nucleus. Anteroposteriorly, labeled MVNVL neurons were coextensive with the tangential nucleus, with neurons projecting to the oculomotor nucleus distributed lateral to and intermixed with the more medially situated neurons projecting to the abducens nucleus. The fundamental pattern of vestibuloocular projecting neurons was similar at both embryonic ages studied, E16 and E13. In contrast to the case in mammals, where most vestibuloocular projection neurons reside within the MVN, most retrogradely labeled neurons in these chicken preparations were found within the ventrolateral vestibular, descending vestibular, and tangential nuclei. The morphological identification and mapping of vestibuloocular projection neurons in the chicken MVN described here represents the first step in a systematic evaluation of the relationship between avian vestibuloocular neuron structure and function. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.