bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of CD33 expression level with disease characteristics and response to gemtuzumab ozogamicin containing chemotherapy in childhood AML
Authors: Pollard Jessica A. , Alonzo Todd A. , Loken Michael , Gerbing Robert B. , Ho Phoenix A. , Bernstein Irwin D. , Raimondi Susana C. , Hirsch Betsy , Franklin Janet , Walter Roland B. , Gamis Alan , Meshinchi Soheil 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
CD33 is expressed on the majority of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) leukemic blasts and is the target for gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO), a toxin-conjugated anti-CD33 mAb. In the present study, we quantified the CD33 mean fluorescent intensity of leukemic blasts prospectively in 619 de novo pediatric AML patients enrolled in Children's Oncology Group GO-containing clinical trials and determined its correlation with disease characteristics and clinical outcome. CD33 expression varied more than 2-log fold; a median mean fluorescent intensity of 129 (range, 3-1550.07) was observed. Patients were divided into 4 quartiles, quartiles 1-4 (Q1-4) based on expression and disease characteristics and clinical response defined across quartiles. High CD33 expression was associated with high-risk FLT3/ITD mutations (P < .001) and was inversely associated with low-risk disease (P < .001). Complete remission (CR) rates were similar, but patients in Q4 had significantly lower overall survival (57% ± 16% vs 77% ± 7%, P = .002) and disease-free survival from CR (44% ± 16% vs 62% ± 8%, P = .022). In a multivariate model, high CD33 expression remained a significant predictor of overall survival (P = .011) and disease-free survival (P = .038) from CR. Our findings suggest that CD33 expression is heterogeneous within de novo pediatric AML. High expression is associated with adverse disease features and is an independent predictor of inferior outcome. The correlation between CD33 expression and GO response is under investigation. These studies are registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00070174 and NCT00372593.
Analysis of intracellular expressed proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates
Authors: Singhal Neelja , Sharma Prashant , Kumar Manish , Joshi Beenu , Bisht Deepa 
Published: March 2012

Abstract

Background
Tuberculosis (TB) is the most threatening infectious disease globally. Although progress has been made to reduce global incidence of TB, emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) TB threatens to undermine these advances. To combat the disease, novel intervention strategies effective against drug resistant and sensitive subpopulations of M. tuberculosis are urgently required as adducts in the present treatment regimen. Using THP-1 cells we have analyzed and compared the global protein expression profile of broth-cultured and intraphagosomally grown drug resistant and sensitive M.tuberculosis clinical isolates.

Results
On comparing the two dimensional (2-DE) gels, many proteins were found to be upregulated/expressed during intracellular state which were identified by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). Four proteins (adenosylhomocysteinase, aspartate carbomyltransferase, putatitive thiosulfate sulfurtransferase and universal stress protein) were present in both intracellular MDR and sensitive isolates and three of these belonged to intermediary metabolism and respiration category. Two proteins (alanine dehydrogenase and adenosine kinase) of intracellular MDR isolate and two (glucose-6-phosphate isomerase and ATP synthase epsilon chain) of intracellular sensitive isolate belonged to intermediary metabolism and respiration category. One protein (Peroxidase/Catalase) of intracellular MDR and three (HSPX, 14 kDa antigen and 10 kDa chaperonin) of sensitive isolate belonged to virulence, detoxification and adaptation category. ESAT-6 of intracellular MDR belonged to cell wall and cell processes category. Two proteins (Antigen 85-C and Antigen 85-A) of intracellular sensitive isolate were involved in lipid metabolism while probable peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A was involved in information pathways. Four (Rv0635, Rv1827, Rv0036c and Rv2032) of intracellular MDR and two proteins (Rv2896c and Rv2558c) of sensitive isolate were hypothetical proteins which were functionally characterized using bioinformatic tools. Bioinformatic findings revealed that the proteins encoded by Rv0036, Rv2032c, Rv0635, Rv1827 and Rv2896c genes are involved in cellular metabolism and help in intracellular survival.

Conclusions
Mass spectrometry and bioinformatic analysis of both MDR and sensitive isolates of M. tuberculosis during intraphagosomal growth showed that majority of commonly upregulated/expressed proteins belonged to the cellular metabolism and respiration category. Inhibitors of the metabolic enzymes/intermediate can therefore serve as suitable drug targets against drug-resistant and sensitive subpopulations of M. tuberculosis.
Epidemiological aspects of rheumatoid arthritis patients affected by oral bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws
Authors: Conte-Neto Nicolau , Bastos Alliny Souza , Marcantonio Rosemary Adriana Chierici , Junior Elcio Marcantonio 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
This literature review aims to evaluate the epidemiologic profile of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that developed a bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis that affect the jaws (BRONJ), including demographic aspects, as well as clinical and therapeutic issues. A search of PUBMED/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane databases from January 2003 to September 2011 was conducted with the objective of identifying publications that contained case reports regarding oral BRONJ in RA patients. Patients with RA who develop oral BRONJ are usually women above 60 years taking steroids and long-term alendronate. Most of them have osteoporosis, and lesions, triggered by dental procedures, are usually detected at stage II in the mandible. Although there is no accepted treatment protocol, these patients seem to have better outcomes with conservative approaches that include antibiotic therapy, chlorhexidine, and drug discontinuation.
Group psychological therapies for depression in the community: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Huntley Alyson L. , Araya Ricardo , Salisbury Chris 
Published: March 2012

BackgroundPsychological therapies have been shown to be effective in the treatment of depression. However, evidence is focused on individually delivered therapies, with less evidence for group-based therapies.AimsTo conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of group-based psychological therapies for depression in primary care and the community.MethodWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and the Cochrane Collaboration Depression, Anxiety and Neurosis Review Group database from inception to July 2010. The Cochrane risk of bias methodology was applied.ResultsTwenty-three studies were included. The majority showed considerable risk of bias. Analysis of group cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) v. usual care alone (14 studies) showed a significant effect in favour of group CBT immediately post-treatment (standardised mean difference (SMD) −0.55 (95% CI −0.78 to −0.32)). There was some evidence of benefit being maintained at short-term (SMD =–0.47 (95% CI −1.06 to 0.12)) and medium- to long-term follow-up (SMD =–0.47 (95% CI – 0.87 to −0.08)). Studies of group CBT v. individually delivered CBT therapy (7 studies) showed a moderate treatment effect in favour of individually delivered CBT immediately post-treatment (SMD = 0.38 (95% CI 0.09–0.66)) but no evidence of difference at short- or medium- to long-term follow-up. Four studies described comparisons for three other types of group psychological therapies.ConclusionsGroup CBT confers benefit for individuals who are clinically depressed over that of usual care alone. Individually delivered CBT is more effective than group CBT immediately following treatment but after 3 months there is no evidence of difference. The quality of evidence is poor. Evidence about group psychological therapies not based on CBT is particularly limited.
Holistic psychiatry without the whole self
Authors: Crossley David Richard 
Published: March 2012

SummaryThis article considers why whole-person care is often aspired to but remains problematic for psychiatry. One reason is that psychiatry wants to use ideas about the self in restricted senses rather than examine the idea as a whole. In particular, this includes wider issues that interconnect values to identity, which then ambiguously get raised in clinical practice, such as questions about who it is good to be. This issue is the context behind unresolved boundary disputes in mental health around well-being, spirituality, self-esteem and recovery, and reflects broader cultural tensions about the making of modern identity best understood in a historical context. It has impacts on service design, therapeutics and training. Suggestions are made about how the self can be approached in psychiatric practice.
Medicine and mental illness: how can the obstacles sick doctors face be overcome?
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: March 2012

SummaryOne in four of the UK population is expected to have a mental health problem at some time in their lives. There is no reason to believe that this statistic should not apply to doctors just as it does to everyone else. This paper discusses the obstacles to accessing treatment that doctors with mental ill health face, and goes on to consider potential solutions to these problems. There is a great pool of talent within the field of medicine and those doctors with mental health problems often have increased empathy as well as professional expertise. This article sets out to demonstrate that there are ways of supporting these doctors and enabling them to overcome their illnesses and regain satisfaction in their work.
Self-belief: holistic psychiatry in a secular age: Commentary on … Holistic psychiatry without the whole self
Authors: Cook Christopher C. H. 
Published: March 2012

SummaryCharles Taylor provides important philosophical accounts of what it means to be a ‘self’ in a secular age. Psychiatry has not traditionally concerned itself with other than limited accounts of the concept of the self but Taylor's work sheds a revealing light on the challenges to be met by aspirations to an holistic practice of psychiatry in our secular age.
Ribosome Deficiency Protects Against ER Stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Steffen Kristan K , McCormick Mark A , Pham Kim M , MacKay Vivian L , Delaney Joe R , Murakami Christopher J , Kaeberlein Matt , Kennedy Brian K 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 59 of the 78 ribosomal proteins are encoded by duplicated genes that, in most cases, encode identical or very similar protein products. However, different sets of ribosomal protein genes have been identified in screens for various phenotypes, including life span, budding pattern, and drug sensitivities. Due to potential suppressors of growth rate defects among this set of strains in the ORF deletion collection, we regenerated the entire set of haploid ribosomal protein gene deletion strains in a clean genetic background. The new strains were used to create double deletions lacking both paralogs, allowing us to define a set of 14 nonessential ribosomal proteins. Replicative life-span analysis of new strains corresponding to ORF deletion collection strains that likely carried suppressors of growth defects identified 11 new yeast replicative aging genes. Treatment of the collection of ribosomal protein gene deletion strains with tunicamycin revealed a significant correlation between slow growth and resistance to ER stress that was recapitulated by reducing translation of wild-type yeast with cycloheximide. Interestingly, enhanced tunicamycin resistance in ribosomal protein gene deletion mutants was independent of the unfolded protein response transcription factor Hac1. These data support a model in which reduced translation is protective against ER stress by a mechanism distinct from the canonical ER stress response pathway and further add to the diverse yet specific phenotypes associated with ribosomal protein gene deletions.
A Naturally Thermolabile Activity Compromises Genetic Analysis of Telomere Function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Paschini Margherita , Toro Tasha B , Lubin Johnathan W , Braunstein-Ballew Bari , Morris Danna K , Lundblad Victoria 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
The core assumption driving the use of conditional loss-of-function reagents such as temperature-sensitive mutations is that the resulting phenotype(s) are solely due to depletion of the mutant protein under nonpermissive conditions. However, prior published data, combined with observations presented here, challenge the generality of this assumption at least for telomere biology: for both wild-type yeast and strains bearing null mutations in telomere protein complexes, there is an additional phenotypic consequence when cells are grown above 34°. We propose that this synthetic phenotype is due to a naturally thermolabile activity that confers a telomere-specific defect, which we call the Tmp− phenotype. This prompted a re-examination of commonly used cdc13-ts and stn1-ts mutations, which indicates that these alleles are instead hypomorphic mutations that behave as apparent temperature-sensitive mutations due to the additive effects of the Tmp− phenotype. We therefore generated new cdc13-ts reagents, which are nonpermissive below 34°, to allow examination of cdc13-depleted phenotypes in the absence of this temperature-dependent defect. A return-to-viability experiment following prolonged incubation at 32°, 34°, and 36° with one of these new cdc13-ts alleles argues that the accelerated inviability previously observed at 36° in cdc13-1 rad9-Δ mutant strains is a consequence of the Tmp− phenotype. Although this study focused on telomere biology, viable null mutations that confer inviability at 36° have been identified for multiple cellular pathways. Thus, phenotypic analysis of other aspects of yeast biology may similarly be compromised at high temperatures by pathway-specific versions of the Tmp− phenotype.
Remarkably High Rate of DNA Amplification Promoted by the Mating-Type Switching Mechanism in Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Authors: Yu Chuanhe , Bonaduce Michael J , Klar Amar J S 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
A novel mating-type switching-defective mutant showed a highly unstable rearrangement at the mating-type locus (mat1) in fission yeast. The mutation resulted from local amplification of a 134-bp DNA fragment by the mat1-switching phenomenon. We speculate that the rolling-circle-like replication and homologous recombination might be the general mechanisms for local genome region expansion.
Pediatrician Attitudes Concerning School-located Vaccination Clinics for Seasonal Influenza
Authors: Keane Virginia A. , Hudson Andrew R. , King James C. 
Published: March 2012

OBJECTIVEVaccinating all children aged 6 months to 18 years every year has potentially large ramifications for office-based primary care pediatricians. We determined the degree to which pediatricians support routine annual influenza vaccination outside the medical home, especially in school-located mass influenza vaccination clinics.METHODSInternet-based survey sent in May and June 2009 to all 623 currently practicing primary care general pediatricians who were members of the Maryland Chapter of the American Academy of Pediatrics.RESULTSOf those surveyed, 193 (31%) responded. Approximately 67% reported they vaccinated more than half the children in their practice with at least one dose in the 2008–2009 influenza season, and about half anticipated that, in their office, they would not attain ≥75% coverage of all patients older than 5 months of age. Approximately 27% of respondents predicted they would likely have difficulty obtaining sufficient vaccine to cover commercially insured patients, and 32% were likely to have difficulty getting sufficient vaccine to cover Medicaid, underinsured, and uninsured patients because of ordering or distribution problems. Approximately 78% of respondents cited borderline or poor reimbursement for influenza vaccinations, and 53% had unused vaccine at the end of the 2008–2009 influenza season. Ninety-six percent of respondents supported school-located influenza vaccination programs in their community for their patients.CONCLUSIONSThese results indicate awareness by primary care pediatricians in Maryland of the potential difficulties involved in implementing universal influenza vaccinations in their practice and their support of school-located vaccination programs managed by the local health department in their community.
Characterization of iron and steelmaking wet dust for arsenic remove in wastewaters
Authors: Narvaez-García V. , Martínez-Luevanos A. , Carrillo-Pedroza F. , Soria-Aguilar M. , Guajardo-Castillo M. , Chirino M. , Castro E. 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTDust originated from the iron and steelmaking containing undesirable compounds are not completely recycled because affects the process efficiency. These types of dust represents an economical lost as a consequence of values contents. However, dust have been characterized physically and chemically in order to study their potential environmental applications, as the removal of arsenic in wastewater. The results shows that dust have a superficial specific area between 16 and 20 m2/g, values considered high, typical of a material with adsorbent properties. Representative results of different tests adsorption of arsenic in the material described indicate that it is possible to reduce the arsenic levels in up to 95% from an initial concentration of 1 mg/L of total arsenic. The results indicate that the iron and steelmaking wet dust may represent a new option as material for the removal of heavy metals in water treatment.
ZnO/ZnSe Type II Core-Shell Nanowire Array Solar Cell
Authors: Zhang Y. , Li D. , Wu Z. , Zheng J. , Lin X. , Zhan H. , Li S. , Kang J. , Bleuse J. , Grenet L. , Rapisarda D. , Mariette H. 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTShockley-Queisser detailed balance theory predicts that under one sun a semiconductor with its bandgap in the range of 1.0 – 1.6 eV can potentially achieve an energy conversion efficiency > 30%. Therefore, the conversional wisdom would suggest looking for a semiconductor with a bandgap in this range for a single junction solar cell. Here we explore an alternative way of selecting the absorber material for PV, which allows using semiconductors with much larger bandgaps, in conjunction with new device architecture. Specifically, our device is based on an array of core-shell semiconductor nanowires, such as ZnO-ZnSe, where the two components exhibit type II band alignment. Our approach relies on the most basic property of a type II heterojunction, i.e., the staggered band alignment, that provides the function of charge separation, as in the case of dye-sensitized solar cell or (organic) bulk heterojunction solar cell. However, they differ in two important aspects: (1) the current structure is all inorganic, thus, expected to offer better chemical and photo- stability; and (2) In this approach, the interfacial transition provides an effective absorption or photo-response threshold that can be much lower than that of either component. In this work, using a ZnO-ZnSe core-shell nanowire array, we report the observation of the key signatures associated with the type II optical transition, and the demonstration of a solar cell based on the core-shell nanowire array.
Hermetically Coated Nanosilver: No Ag+ Ion Leaching
Authors: Sotiriou G. , Gass S. , Pratsinis S.E. 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTDry-coated nanosilver is a promising material for bio-applications. Its inert and non-porous nanothin SiO2 coating preserves the plasmonic properties of the nanosilver and cures its toxicity by (1) preventing direct cell to silver contact and (2) blocking the release of toxic silver ions. However, fully hermetic coatings have, to date, not been produced. During the coating process, a certain number of core particles are either coated only partially, or escape the coating process entirely. Here, a systematic parametric study was undertaken in order to optimize an aerosol reactor for the synthesis and dry-coating of nanosilver. The reactor was optimized with respect to coating injection height, jet number, mixing flow rate. By synthesizing xAg/SiO2 composite particles, small silver sizes (9-11 nm) with relatively high Ag ion release were obtained. This enabled the quantitative evaluation of the coatings by Ag ion release measurements.
Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxy-telechelic Four-arm Star-shaped Oligo(tetrahydrofuran), Their Crosslinking, and Thermomechanical Investigation of the Poymer Network
Authors: Yang Ke-Ke , Zotzmann J. , Lendlein A. , Behl M. 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTHere the synthesis of hydroxy-telechelic four-arm star-shaped oligotetrahydrofuran (4PTHF) with controllable molecular weight was explored, which was perfomed as living cationic ring-opening polymerization of THF using pentaerythritol and trifluoromethanesulfonicanhydride as initiation system. The molecular weights of the 4PTHF were a function of the reaction time. A polymer network was prepared from the hydroxy-telechelic 4PTHF precursor by crosslinking with diisocyanate and the shape-memory properties were determined. High values for Rf and Rr > 98% were obtained even at high programmed elongations, which suggest the 4PTHF-network as a promising shape-memory material. These materials might have a great potential, as the upscaling of synthesis could be successfully demonstrated.
Thermal Properties and Crystallinity of Grafted Copolymer Networks containing a Crystallizable Poly(ε-caprolactone) Crosslinker in an aqueous environment
Authors: Kratz Karl , Narendra Kumar Uttamchand , Noechel Ulrich , Lendlein Andreas 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTHere we introduce a multifunctional copolymer network system with adjustable thermomechanical properties, which is also capable to show a substantial water uptake and in this way should allow the additional alteration of the overall elastic properties besides the variation of the crosslinking density. The swelling capacity in water, the thermal properties as well as the crystallinity of a series of grafted copolymer networks named CLEG composed of water swellable poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) side chains and crystallizable poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) segments acting as covalent crosslinker were explored in an aqueous environment.The water swelling capability of the CLEG polymer networks was found to increase from 120% to 240% with increasing weight content of PEG. In contrast to the dry state, where two well separated melting temperatures could be observed for all CLEG samples, in aqueous environment only one melting temperature slightly above 40 °C, was obtained, whereby the overall crystallinity after swelling with water was strongly related to the PCL content in the CLEG polymer networks.