bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermoeconomic analysis of a novel configuration of a biomass‐powered organic Rankine cycle for residential application with consideration the effect of battery energy storage
Authors: Ehyaei Mehdi Ali , Heberle Florian , Brüggemann Dieter 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this article, the energy, exergy, and economic analysis of an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system powered by biogas to provide electricity, heating, and cooling loads for a residential building in Munich city is investigated. Two methods have been proposed to meet the heating and cooling needs of the residential building. In the first method, heating and cooling needs are provided by a heat pump and mechanical refrigeration (System I), and in the second method, these needs are provided by a radiator and absorption refrigeration cycle (System II). In both modes of this system, the effects of battery energy storage (BES) have been analyzed for peak shaving. The working method of this research is that the residential building's electricity, heating, and cooling needs are calculated by Homer and Carrier software, respectively. Engineering equation solver software models the main local power generation system. A new method has been proposed to select the required number of units to meet the needs of the building with and without BES. The results showed that for System I with and without BES, 3 and 1 ORC units with a nominal power of 2 kW can meet all the needs of the building, respectively. In contrast, for System II, the number of 1 unit with 2 kW and 1 unit with 1 kW is needed to meet the energy needs of a residential building with and without BES. It can be concluded that heating and cooling the building with a radiator and absorption chiller cycle is more cost‐effective. The energy and exergy efficiency of ORC is reported as 11.3% and 65.7%, respectively, and the highest exergy destruction rate is related to the heater and boiler. From the economic point of view, the payback period of System II compared with System I is reduced from 18.4 to 5.66 years without using BES. With the use of BES, the payback period is reduced to 5.3 and 5.66 years, respectively. The lowest and highest electricity prices belong to System I with and without BES, which are 3.11 and 0.36 US$/kWh, respectively.
Transcriptional profiling of retinal astrocytes identifies a specific marker and points to functional specialization
Authors: Cullen Paul F. , Gammerdinger William J. , Ho Sui Shannan J. , Mazumder Arpan Guha , Sun Daniel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAstrocyte heterogeneity is an increasingly prominent research topic, and studies in the brain have demonstrated substantial variation in astrocyte form and function, both between and within regions. In contrast, retinal astrocytes are not well understood and remain incompletely characterized. Along with optic nerve astrocytes, they are responsible for supporting retinal ganglion cell axons and an improved understanding of their role is required. We have used a combination of microdissection and Ribotag immunoprecipitation to isolate ribosome‐associated mRNA from retinal astrocytes and investigate their transcriptome, which we also compared to astrocyte populations in the optic nerve. Astrocytes from these regions are transcriptionally distinct, and we identified retina‐specific astrocyte genes and pathways. Moreover, although they share much of the “classical” gene expression patterns of astrocytes, we uncovered unexpected variation, including in genes related to core astrocyte functions. We additionally identified the transcription factor Pax8 as a highly specific marker of retinal astrocytes and demonstrated that these astrocytes populate not only the retinal surface, but also the prelaminar region at the optic nerve head. These findings are likely to contribute to a revised understanding of the role of astrocytes in the retina.
The relationship between cellular protein content and selenium accumulation in freshwater microalgae
Authors: Bogstie Courtney , Gallant Melanie , Elphick James R , Kennedy Christopher 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Variability in the bioconcentration of selenium (Se) by primary producers at the base of the food web results in uncertainty in predictions of bioaccumulation and ecological risk to higher trophic level organisms. Water chemistry, speciation of Se, and periphyton community composition have all been suggested as factors that contribute to variability in bioconcentration by primary producers; however, the role of physiological composition of periphyton species in influencing the bioconcentration of Se has not been previously evaluated. To determine if a relationship exists between algal protein content and Se accumulation, Parachlorella kessleri, Chlorella vulgaris, and Raphidocelis subcapitata were exposed to Se (as selenate) and analyzed for total protein and tissue Se content in the exponential and stationary growth phases. Protein content and Se accumulation in R. subcapitata in the stationary phase were also measured under two light intensities. No relationship between cellular protein content and Se accumulation was found for algae in the exponential phase; however, a strong relationship was found in the stationary phase among species and for R. subcapitata under differing light intensities. Absolute Se accumulations by P. kessleri, C. vulgaris, and R. subcapitata in the stationary phase were statistically different; however, the concentrations of Se in protein were similar across species. These results suggest that cellular protein content in microalgae influences Se bioconcentration and that algal protein content may improve Se bioaccumulation modeling in food webs.
Good and bad days at work: A descriptive review of day‐level and experience‐sampling studies
Authors: Sonnentag Sabine , Völker Jette , Wehrt Wilken 
Published: May 2024

SummaryWorkdays are the main temporal building blocks of people's experiences at work, and many factors potentially contribute to having a good versus a bad day at work. Still, empirical findings on these ingredients are scattered and a bigger picture is missing. This article reviews day‐level and experience‐sampling studies (k = 382 studies) to describe what makes for a good versus bad day at work. We derive outcome criteria for good versus bad days from the circumplex model of effect and identify specific pre‐work factors (sleep, pre‐work events, and pre‐work experiences) and at‐work factors (situational conditions, states and experiences, behaviors, results of one's actions, and work breaks) as their core ingredients. We highlight temporal trends in this rapidly growing research area and critically assess the current state of the literature with respect to theoretical and methodological issues. We link empirical findings that have emerged from our literature review to a homeostatic human sustainability perspective, offer directions for future research, and discuss the practical implementation of research findings.
World‐makers and social justice: Strategies of (in)action?
Authors: Pagan Victoria , Kirk Susan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article applies a Bourdieusian lens to a critical analysis of global power dynamics to argue that a field framework is useful for studying praxis and (in)action in complex and dynamic global spaces of decision‐making. It is argued that individuals with global power can interact strategically to change their actions for improved social and economic justice, but it requires resisting dominant practices that may maintain existing inequalities. By exploring the interrelations between positions within the global spaces of the World Social Forum and the World Economic Forum, we offer an original contribution to the field of strategic change. We show how the actors in these global spaces have the potential to provoke greater social justice but also risk perpetuating a status quo that continues to favor the few over the many. Participants are world‐makers who wield symbolic power and can create disruption in the “rules of the game,” but the strength of those who seek to defend the status quo can perpetuate inertia. The article offers a novel contribution to the research on global spaces and elite actors by critically analyzing accounts of strategic practices therein, thus offering a more nuanced understanding of world‐making in action or inaction.
Streptomyces virginiae XDS1‐5, an antagonistic actinomycete, as a biocontrol to peach brown rot caused by Monilinia fructicola
Authors: Chen Meijun , Jia Fan , Chen Shan , Zheng Yang , Hu Yan , Liu Weina , Liu Changyun , Sun Xianchao , Lu Jinwei , Chen Guokang , Ma Guanhua 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDPeach brown rot, caused by the pathogen Monilinia fructicola, represents a significant postharvest infectious disease affecting peach fruit. This disease is responsible for a substantial increase in fruit decay rates, leading to significant economic losses, often exceeding 50%. Currently, there is a growing interest in identifying biocontrol agents to mitigate peach brown rot, with a predominant interest in Bacillus species.RESULTSIn this investigation, we isolated 410 isolates of actinomycetes from non‐farmland ecosystem soil samples. Subsequently, 27 isolates exhibiting superior inhibitory capabilities were selected. Among these, strain XDS1‐5 demonstrated the most robust fungistatic effect against brown rot disease, achieving an 80% inhibition rate in vitro and a 66% inhibition rate in vivo. XDS1‐5 was identified as belonging to the Streptomyces virginiae species. Furthermore, a fermentation filtrate of XDS1‐5 exhibited the ability to metabolize 34.21% of the tested carbon sources and 7.37% of the tested nitrogen sources. Particularly noteworthy was its capacity to disrupt the cell membrane structure directly, leading to increased cell membrane permeability and cytoplasmic leakage. Additionally, our investigation indicated that indoline, a metabolite produced by XDS1‐5, played a pivotal role in inhibiting the growth of M. fructicola.CONCLUSIONIn summary, our study has identified a biocontrol actinomycete, XDS1‐5, with the potential to effectively inhibit postharvest brown rot disease in peaches. This finding holds great significance for the biological control of peach brown rot, offering promising prospects for mitigating the economic losses associated with this devastating disease. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Combined exposure to CO2 and H2S significantly reduces the performance of the Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica: Evidence from a volcanic vent
Authors: Signa Geraldina , Sciutteri Valentina , Tomasello Agostino , Costa Valentina , Casabianca Silvia , Cilluffo Giovanna , Andolina Cristina , Vizzini Salvatrice 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlthough seagrasses are expected to thrive in future acidified oceans by overcoming low CO2 diffusion into plant tissues, the co‐occurrence of environmental stressors may affect their growth. Volcanic CO2 vents are often associated with toxic gases and metal‐rich fluids representing ideal sites to assess the effects of multiple stressors. We evaluated the response of Posidonia oceanica growing near shallow CO2 vents characterized by H2S spill‐out by comparing meadow structure and phenology to an area with no gas emissions. Seagrass descriptors at meadow, shoot and leaf level indicated that P. oceanica experienced stressful conditions at the vent area, in clear contrast to the flourishing features of P. oceanica previously described at CO2 vents with no evidence of toxic inputs. Furthermore, the reduction in both leaf δ34S and growth at the vent area indicates that sulfide intrusion occurs and affects seagrass growth performance, dampening the expected beneficial effects of high CO2 levels.
Double managerial delegation contracts with relative profit performance and environmental performance incentives under emission taxes
Authors: Xu Lili , Yin Yuntong , Lee Sang‐Ho 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the strategic relations between emission taxes and firms' managerial delegation contracts, which include incentives based on relative profit performance (RPP) and environmental performance (EP). We demonstrate that under quantity (price) competition, the government imposes higher (lower) emission taxes, while the firm owner sets lower (higher) EP incentives and negative (positive) RPP incentives, which leads to lower (higher) welfare. We also explore an endogenous competition mode game and find that quantity (price) competition emerges when both consumers' green willingness‐to‐pay (WTP) and product differentiation are low (high). Our findings suggest that public education on greenness is crucial for enhancing EP incentives in the design of managerial delegation contracts, while intense product market competition may be detrimental to consumers and society, especially when consumers' green WTP is low.
Maternal‐fetal comorbidities and obstetrical outcomes of fetal single ventricle cardiac defects: 10 years' experience with a multidisciplinary management protocol at a single center
Authors: Wautlet Cynthie K. , Kops Samantha A. , Silveira Lori J. , Young Krista , Behrendt Nicholas J. , Zaretsky Michael V. , Cuneo Bettina F. , Galan Henry L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo describe and compare maternal and fetal comorbidities and obstetrical outcomes in pregnancies with hypoplastic left and right heart (HLHS and HRH) single ventricle cardiac defects (SVCD) from a single center under a multidisciplinary protocol.MethodA single center retrospective review of fetal SVCD from 2013 to 2022. Maternal‐fetal comorbidities, delivery, and postnatal outcomes were compared between HLHS and HRH using descriptive statistics and univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsOf 181 SVCD pregnancies (131 HLHS; 50 HRH), 9% underwent termination, 4% elected comfort care, 5 died in utero and 147/152 liveborns survived to the first cardiac intervention. Cesarean delivery occurred in 57 cases (37%), planned in 36 and unplanned in 21. Comorbidities, which did not differ between HLHS and HRH, included fetal growth restriction (FGR, 17%), prematurity (14%), maternal hypertension (9%), maternal obesity (50%), fetal extracardiac anomalies and chromosome anomalies (12%, 13%). In multivariate analysis, only earlier gestational age at delivery and oligohydramnios predicted decreased odds of survival at one year.ConclusionMaternal‐fetal comorbidities are common in both HLHS and HRH. Earlier gestational age at delivery and oligohydramnios predict lower postnatal survival. FGR, even with severe early onset, did not significantly impact short‐ or long‐term neonatal survival in single ventricle conditions.
OpenSAFELY: A platform for analysing electronic health records designed for reproducible research
Authors: Nab Linda , Schaffer Andrea L. , Hulme William , DeVito Nicholas J. , Dillingham Iain , Wiedemann Milan , Andrews Colm D. , Curtis Helen , Fisher Louis , Green Amelia , Massey Jon , Walters Caroline E. , Higgins Rose , Cunningham Christine , Morley Jessica , Mehrkar Amir , Hart Liam , Davy Simon , Evans David , Hickman George , Inglesby Peter , Morton Caroline E. , Smith Rebecca M. , Ward Tom , O'Dwyer Thomas , Maude Steven , Bridges Lucy , Butler‐Cole Ben F. C. , Stables Catherine L. , Stokes Pete , Bates Chris , Cockburn Jonny , Hester Frank , Parry John , Bhaskaran Krishnan , Schultze Anna , Rentsch Christopher T. , Mathur Rohini , Tomlinson Laurie A. , Williamson Elizabeth J. , Smeeth Liam , Walker Alex , Bacon Sebastian , MacKenna Brian , Goldacre Ben 
Published: May 2024

AbstractElectronic health records (EHRs) and other administrative health data are increasingly used in research to generate evidence on the effectiveness, safety, and utilisation of medical products and services, and to inform public health guidance and policy. Reproducibility is a fundamental step for research credibility and promotes trust in evidence generated from EHRs. At present, ensuring research using EHRs is reproducible can be challenging for researchers. Research software platforms can provide technical solutions to enhance the reproducibility of research conducted using EHRs. In response to the COVID‐19 pandemic, we developed the secure, transparent, analytic open‐source software platform OpenSAFELY designed with reproducible research in mind. OpenSAFELY mitigates common barriers to reproducible research by: standardising key workflows around data preparation; removing barriers to code‐sharing in secure analysis environments; enforcing public sharing of programming code and codelists; ensuring the same computational environment is used everywhere; integrating new and existing tools that encourage and enable the use of reproducible working practices; and providing an audit trail for all code that is run against the real data to increase transparency. This paper describes OpenSAFELY's reproducibility‐by‐design approach in detail.
Transcriptional repression of GTL1 under water‐deficit stress promotes anthocyanin biosynthesis to enhance drought tolerance
Authors: Mano Noel Anthony , Shaikh Mearaj A. , Widhalm Joshua R. , Yoo Chan Yul , Mickelbart Michael V. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe transcription factor GT2‐LIKE 1 (GTL1) has been implicated in orchestrating a transcriptional network of diverse physiological, biochemical, and developmental processes. In response to water‐limiting conditions, GTL1 is a negative regulator of stomatal development, but its potential rolein other water‐deficit responses is unknown. We hypothesized that GTL1 regulates transcriptome changes associated with drought tolerance over leaf developmental stages. To test the hypothesis, gene expression was profiled by RNA‐seq analysis in emerging and expanding leaves of wild‐type and a drought‐tolerant gtl1‐4 knockout mutant under well‐watered and water‐deficit conditions. Our comparative analysis of genotype‐treatment combinations within leaf developmental age identified 459 and 1073 differentially expressed genes in emerging and expanding leaves, respectively, as water‐deficit responsive GTL1‐regulated genes. Transcriptional profiling identified a potential role of GTL1 in two important pathways previously linked to drought tolerance: flavonoid and polyamine biosynthesis. In expanding leaves, negative regulation of GTL1 under water‐deficit conditions promotes biosynthesis of flavonoids and anthocyanins that may contribute to drought tolerance. Quantification of polyamines did not support a role for GTL1 in these drought‐responsive pathways, but this is likely due to the complex nature of polyamine synthesis and turnover. Our global transcriptome analysis suggests that transcriptional repression of GTL1 by water deficit allows plants to activate diverse pathways that collectively contribute to drought tolerance.
Development of a SARS‐CoV‐2 viral dynamic model for patients with COVID‐19 based on the amount of viral RNA and viral titer
Authors: Yamaguchi Daichi , Shimizu Ryosuke , Kubota Ryuji 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe target‐cell limited model, which is one of the mathematical modeling approaches providing a quantitative understanding of viral dynamics, has been applied to describe viral RNA profiles of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) in previous studies. However, these models have been developed mainly using patient data from the early phase of the pandemic. Furthermore, no reports focused on the profiles of the viral titer. In this study, the dynamics of both viral RNA and viral titer were characterized using data reflecting the current clinical situation in which the Omicron variant has become epidemic and vaccines for SARS‐CoV‐2 have become available. Consecutive data for 5212 viral RNA levels and 5216 viral titers were obtained from 720 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) in a phase II/III study for ensitrelvir. Our model assumed that productively infected cells would produce only infectious viruses, which could be transformed into non‐infectious viruses, and has been used to describe the dynamics of both viral RNA levels and viral titer. The time from infection to symptom onset (tinf) of unvaccinated patients was estimated to be 3.0 days, which was shorter than that of the vaccinated patients. The immune‐related parameter as a power function for the vaccinated patients was 1.1 times stronger than that for the unvaccinated patients. Our model allows the prediction of the viral dynamics in patients with COVID‐19 from the time of infection to symptom onset. Vaccination status was identified as a factor influencing tinf and the immune function.
Smart bistable coordination complexes
Authors: Xiao Xiong , Chen Zong‐Ju , Varley Russell J. , Li Cheng‐Hui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSmart molecules have attracted increasing attention due to their transformative role in creating the next generation of smart structures and devices. Smart bistable coordination complexes are a class of functional complexes which have two stable states that can be reversibly switched in response to external stimuli. Such bistable molecules play a vital role in various applications, such as sensors, data storage, spintronics, smart windows, optical switches, information encryption and decryption, displays, actuators, etc. Herein, the recent research studies into the development of these smart bistable metal coordination complexes are reviewed. According to the different external stimuli, these smart bistable coordination systems have been classified and summarized, including light‐responsive systems, thermally‐responsive systems, electrically‐responsive systems, mechanically‐responsive systems, and some other cases. These systems are further subdivided according to the changes in signals (e.g., color, fluorescence, spin state, crystalline phase) under external stimuli. The design principles of each type of smart bistable metal complexes as well as their broad and innovative applications are comprehensively described. Finally, the challenges and opportunities in this field are briefly analyzed and discussed.
Passive confinement of reinforced concrete members revisited
Authors: Morger Fabian , Kenel Albin , Kaufmann Walter 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPassive confinement provided by transverse reinforcement is taken into account in the design of reinforced concrete structures subjected to high compressive loading such as columns, piers, or tunnel lining segments. In current guidelines, several models exist to account for this beneficial effect. However, these approaches lack mechanical consistency regarding the three‐dimensional load dispersion of the confining forces. The article addresses this knowledge gap by introducing a new model based on a lower‐bound solution according to the theory of plasticity, along with a simplification regarding the governing confined concrete area. The proposed model and its simplified version are compared to the design approaches proposed by current guidelines, and both are successfully validated against experimental data. The simplified new model is a valuable alternative to existing models in current guidelines, as (i) it is mechanically more consistent, (ii) its application is more straightforward, and (iii) it allows the comprehensive treatment of rectangular and circular cross‐sections using the same equations.