bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thioflavin T Production in Coelastrella saipanensis LC752948.1: Impact of Sodium Chloride, growth phases, and their effect on growth parameters
Authors: Gany Fadeel Zeina , M.I. Al-Mahdawe Muthana , M. Hassan Fikrat 
Published: June 2024

هدفت الدراسة الحالية الى البحث عن امكانية انتاج مركب الثايوفلافين T وتأثير تراكيز كلوريد الصوديوم NaCl واختلاف اطوار النمو على معدل النمو وزمن التضاعف والبرولين لطحلب (C. saipanensis N.Hanagata (Scenedsmacese, Shaerophleales. تم تنمية الطحلب في وسط Bg 11 ضمن ست تراكيز مختلفة من NaCl خلال مراحل النمو المختلفة, وقد كشفت النتائج عن وجود مركب الثايوفلافين T في الطحالب, واظهرت نتائج الدراسة الحالية, ان جميع تراكيز NaCl ذاتا تأثير تثبيطي على معدل النمو عدا معاملة السيطرة, ولوحظ تأثير NaCl على زمن التضاعف والتي كانت اعلى قيمة 14 يوم عند التركيز 0.08 M, نتائج البرولين اظهرت ان هناك علاقة طردية بين تراكيز NaCl وقيم متوسط البرولين اذ بلغت اعلى قيمة 0.509 ملغم.لترˉ¹ عند التركيز 0.08 M. نتائج اختلاف اطوار النمو وجد ان اعلى قيمة لمتوسط البرولين بلغت 0.3 ملغم.لتر-1 في الطور الثاني اما نتائج التداخل بين التراكيز المختلفة من NaCl مع الاطوار المختلفة من النمو اعلى قيمة بلغت 0.695 ملغم.لتر-1 في التركيز 0.08 M عند الطور الثاني من النمو. ان انتاج اعلى قيمة من مركب الثايوفلافين T بلغت 25.386 ملغم.لترˉ¹ عند التركيز 0.005 M. اما اختلاف اطوار النمو فوجد ان اعلى قيمة لمركب الثايوفلافين T بلغت 21.937 ملغم.لتر-1 عند الطور الثاني من النمو. في حين نتائج التداخل بين التراكيز المختلفة من NaCl مع اطوار النمو فوجد ان اعلى قيمة لصبغة الثايوفلافين T بلغت 27.335 ملغم.لتر-1 في التركيز 0.005 M للطور الثاني من النمو. من هذه التجربة نستنتج وجود صبغة الثايوفلافين T في C. saipanensis, ان تركيزات كلوريد الصوديوم ومراحل النمو المختلفة لها تأثير على معدل النمو وانتاج البرولين ويسلط الضوء على امكانية استخدام الطحالب لانتاج صبغة الثايوفلافين T لاغراض مختلفة.
Estimating Apelin_36 Level in Obese and Non-obese Patients with Type2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Moayd mohammed Maryam , M. Khaleel Fayhaa 
Published: June 2024

تشتمل عوامل الخطر لأمراض القلب و الأوعية الدموية في السمنة و مرض السكري من النوع2.الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو تقييم مستويات الابلين-36 في مرضى السكري النوع2(البدناء و غيرلبدناء )العراقيين .مع معرفة ما اذا كان الابلين-36مؤشر مستقبلي لأمراض القلب و الاوعية الدموية ,وهل هو مؤشرللسمنة ام لمرض السكري ام مؤشر قوي لكلا المرضين ,بمقارنة مع الاشخاص الذين يعانون من البدانة ولا يعانون من مرض السكري. شملت هذه الدراسة 120 شخصا":30مريضا"يعانون من السمنة و السكري نوع2 ,و30 مريضا" من غير البدناء و يعانون من السكري نوع2 ,و 60 عينه بدناء استخدمت كمرجع كونترول . و الاعمار تتراوح من 30 الى 65 عاما". تم تقييم سكر الصائم و ملف الدهون الذي يشملCho ,Tri ,HDL,LDL ,VLDL . و كانت مستويات الابلين-36اعلى بكثير في مرضى السكري النوع 2 الذين يعانون من السمنة المفرطة (27.68±0.67 (27.64)) مقارنة بمرض السكري الغير بدناء (18.08±0.96 (18.01)) , زاد مؤشر كتلة الجسم لمرضى السكري نوع2 البدناء و المجموعة البدناء من الكونترول (p<0.05) (35.191±0.88 (34), 32.05±0.35 (31), 26.53±0.47 (27)). .لا تختلف القيم المتوسطة Cho, Tri, HDL, VIDI لا يوجد فرق معنوي كبير بين القيم و لكن هنالك فرق معنوي لمستويات ال LDLللمرضى الذين يعانون من السمنة المفرطة و البدناء من الكونترول المنطقة تحت المنحني في الدراسة و التي =0.980 , ومنحنى ال ROC يشير الى تحديد الافراد بشكل صحيح. تلعب مستويات الابلين-36 دورا" مهما" و الذي يزداد مباشر مع السمنة (ارتفاع مؤشر كتاة الجسم) مما يؤدي الى زياده افراز الاديبوكاين الابلين- 36في الدم .تساهم زيادة مؤشر كتلة الجسم و مستويات الدهون و مدة المرض في تطور مضاعفات مرض السكري .
­Coleus amboinicus Lour. Leaf Extract Has No Effects on the Biochemical Markers but Improves the Liver Histopathological Scores of Septic Rat Model
Authors: Indah Sari Mutiara , Lia Kusumawati R. , Sari Pane Yunita , Sufitni Sufitni 
Published: June 2024

كوليوس أمبوينيكوس لور. هو نبات عشبي له تأثيرات مناعية بسبب احتوائه على مادة البوليفينول. يهدف هذا البحث إلى تحديد تأثيرات مستخلص اوراق نبات Coleus amboinicus Lour على العلامات البيوكيميائية والنتائج النسيجية المرضية للكبد لنموذج الجرذ الإنتاني. استخدمنا في الدراسة 28 فأرًا من نوع Rattus norvegicus وقسمناها إلى 4 مجموعات تتكون كل منها من 7 فئران: مجموعة الضابطة (فئران سليمة دون علاج)، المجموعة 1 (فئران مصابة بالعدوى تعامل بالمضادات الحيوية)، المجموعة 2 (فئران مصابة بالعدوى تعامل بالمضادات الحيوية و250 ملجم). /كجم من وزن الجسم لمستخلص أوراق نبات Coleus amboinicus Lour والمجموعة الثالثة (الفئران المعالجة بالمضادات الحيوية و500 ملجم/كجم من وزن الجسم لمستخلص أوراق Coleus amboinicus Lour). قمنا بقياس مستوى الجلوكوز في الدم، AST، ALT، اليوريا، ومستويات الكرياتينين، بالإضافة إلى درجات التشريح المرضي للكبد، لتقييم التحسن. أظهرت النتائج انخفاضًا في مستويات الجلوكوز في الدم وAST وALT واليوريا والكرياتينين في مجموعات الفئران التي أعطيت Coleus amboinicus Lour. مستخلص أوراق مقارنة بمجموعة الفئران التي أعطيت المضادات الحيوية فقط، على الرغم من أن الانخفاض لم يكن كبيرا (ع = 0.393؛ ع = 0.064؛ ع = 0.961؛ ع = 0.288؛ ع = 0.119، على التوالي). ومع ذلك، كان هناك انخفاض كبير في درجات التشريح المرضي للكبد في مجموعات الفئران التي أعطيت كوليوس أمبوينيكوس لور. مستخلص الأوراق مقارنة بمجموعة الفئران التي أعطيت المضادات الحيوية فقط (ع = 0.003). في الختام، ليس لاستخدام مستخلص الأوراق أي تأثير معنوي على المؤشرات البيوكيميائية، ولكنه يحسن النتائج التشريحية المرضية للكبد في نموذج الفئران الإنتانية.
A brain-rhythm hierarchical predictive computations integrate semantics and acoustics in speech processing
Authors: Dogonasheva Olesia , Doelling Keith , Zakharov Denis , Giraud Anne-Lise , Gutkin Boris 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Unraveling how humans effortlessly grasp speech despite diverse environmental challenges has long intrigued researchers in systems and cognitive neuroscience. The interplay between semantic and phonological language structures has been a subject of debate in the linguistics and neurolinguistics literature that, so far, has not been resolved. We seek to understand the neural intricacies underpinning semantic-acoustic interplay in robust speech comprehension. To do so, we construct a computational mechanistic proof for the hypothesis, proposing a pivotal role for rhythmic predictive top-down contextualization facilitated by the delta rhythm in achieving time-invariant speech processing. Our Brain-Rhythm-based Inference model, BRyBI, integrates three key rhythmic processes -- theta-gamma interactions for parsing phoneme sequences, dynamic delta rhythm for inferred prosodic-phrase context, and resilient speech representations. Demonstrating mechanistic proof-of-principle, BRyBI replicates human behavioral experiments, showcasing its ability to handle pitch variations, time-warped speech, interruptions, and silences in non-comprehensible contexts. Intriguingly, the model aligns with human experiments, revealing optimal silence time scales in the theta- and delta-frequency ranges. Comparative analysis with deep neural network language models highlights distinctive performance patterns, emphasizing the unique capabilities of a rhythmic framework. In essence, our study sheds light on the neural underpinnings of speech processing, emphasizing the role of rhythmic brain mechanisms in structured temporal signal processing -- an insight that challenges prevailing artificial intelligence paradigms and hints at potential advancements in compact and robust computing architectures.
Comprehensive profiling of phenolic compounds and triterpenoid saponins from Acanthopanax senticosus and their antioxidant, α-glucosidase inhibitory activities
Authors: Kwon Ryeong Ha , Na Hyemin , Kim Ju Hyung , Kim So Ah , Kim Se Yeon , Jung Hyun-Ah , Lee Sang Hoon , Wee Chi-Do , Lee Kwang-Sik , Kim Heon-Woong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Acanthopanax senticosus belongs to Araliaceae family and is traditionally used as a tonic. The roots and stems are mainly used as a treatment for hypodynamia, rheumatism, and hypertension, but their frequent use may lead to its extinction. However, comprehensive and simultaneous analysis of the remaining parts were still limited, and needs to reorganize for standardization of functional foods. In this study, 50 phenolic compounds and 82 triterpenoid saponins from the shoots, leaves, fruits, and stems of A. senticosus were characterized using UPLC-QTOF-MS and UPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS. Among them, 57 new compounds were detected as the cis and malonyl-bound phenolic acids and were structural isomers of Acanthopanax flavonoids and saponins. All compounds were absolutely/relatively quantified, and shoots had the highest content. Antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity were performed, followed by evaluation of structure-activity relationships. Both activities of all tested extracts and saponins showed remarkable efficacy and affected by the C-23 hydroxylation, the C-20(29) double bond, and the presence of rhamnose. These detailed profiling can be used as fundamental data for increasing the utilization of A. senticosus and developing them into functional foods.
A Nonlinear Association of Serum Uric Acid with All-cause and Cardiovascular Mortality among Patients with Cardiovascular Disease: A Cohort Study from NHANES
Authors: LV Yan-Lin , LIU Yong-Ming , DONG Kai-Xuan , MA Xiong-Bin , QIAN Lin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains controversial. We aimed to explore the relationship between SUA and all-cause mortality (ACM) and cardiovascular mortality (CVM) in adult patients with CVD.
Methods
This cohort study included 3977 patients with CVD from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005–2018). Death outcomes were determined by linking National Death Index (NDI) records through December 31, 2019. We explored the association of SUA with mortality using weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models, subgroup analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival curves, weighted restricted cubic spline (RCS) models, and weighted threshold effect analysis among patients with CVD.
Results
During a median follow-up of 68 months (interquartile range, 34–110 months), 1,369 (34.4%) of the 3,977 patients with cardiovascular disease died, of which 536 (13.5%) died of cardiovascular deaths and 833 (20.9%) died of non-cardiovascular deaths. In a multivariable-adjusted model (Model 3), the risk of ACM (HR 1.38, 95% CI 1.16–1.64, p < 0.001) and the risk of CVM (HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.06–1.10, p < 0.001) for participants in the SUA Q4 group were significantly higher. In patients with CVD, RCS regression analysis revealed a nonlinear association (p < 0.001 for all nonlinearities) between SUA, ACM, and CVM. Subgroup analysis showed a nonlinear association between ACM and CVM with SUA in patients with CVD combined with chronic kidney disease (CKD), with thresholds of 5.49 and 5.64, respectively. Time-dependent ROC curves indicated areas under the curve of 0.61, 0.60, 0.58, and 0.55 for 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year survival for ACM and 0.69, 0.61, 0.59, and 0.56 for CVM, respectively.
Conclusions
We demonstrate that SUA is an independent prognostic factor for the risk of ACM and CVM in patients with CVD, supporting a U-shaped association between SUA and mortality, with thresholds of 5.49 and 5.64, respectively. In patients with CVD combined with CKD, the association of the ACM and the CVM with SUA remains nonlinear.
Adaptive Graph Convolution Embedding Normalizing Flow for Video Anomaly Detection
Authors: Liu Wei , wang cong , Zhang yongkang , Chen Jun , wei longsheng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Video anomaly detection is a challenging problem characterized by significant uncertainty, as it is influenced by various factors including appearance, posture, light intensity, scene changes, and etc. To alleviate the influence of the above factors, this article focuses more on the description of skeleton features. We use the Normalizing Flow framework to process human pose data to reduce the impact of strong generalization capabilities of other models. However, Normalizing Flow algorithms were unable to fully utilize the dependencies between non-directly connected nodes when convolving posture data, and ignored the spatial differences of nodes in the human body structure. Hence, we propose an improved video anomaly detection model called Adaptive Graph Convolution Normalizing Flow(AGC-NF). Our model can generate relationships between nodes that are not directly connected, and can adaptively update the connection relationship and connection strength between each node through training. Simultaneously, the incorporation of spatial distance constraints into node division amplifies local distinctions. After experimental evaluation, AGC-NF achieves improvement over mainstream Normalizing Flow methods on ShanghaiTech-HR datasets and UBnormal datasets.
Effects of branched-chain amino acids on surfactin structure and antibacterial activity in Bacillus velezensis YA215
Authors: Yu Futian , Shen Yuanyuan , Pang Yiyang , Fan Heliang , Liu Mingyuan , Liu Xiaoling 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Antibiotics are essential for combating pathogens; however, their misuse has led to increased resistance, necessitating the search for effective, low-toxicity alternatives. Surfactin, due to its unique structure, exhibits significant antibacterial activity without easily inducing resistance, making it a focus of current research. Nonetheless, the effects of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) on surfactin's structure and activity are not well understood. This study examines the influence of BCAAs (L-valine, L-leucine, and L-isoleucine) on the lipopeptide (surfactin) produced by B. velezensis YA215. Process optimization revealed that adding 1 g/L of L-Leu and L-Ile, and 0.5 g/L of L-Val, maximizes surfactin production. Surfactin levels peaked with L-Val and L-Ile at 36 h, while L-Leu reached its maximum at 24 h. Notably, L-Val supplementation resulted in the highest relative surfactin content. Antimicrobial testing demonstrated that BCAAs significantly enhance the antibacterial effects of lipopeptides against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with Val showing the most pronounced effect. The addition of BCAAs notably altered the composition of surfactin fatty acid chains. Specifically, Val increased the proportions of iso C14 and iso C16 β-hydroxy fatty acids from 13.3% and 4.216–23.803% and 8.31%, respectively. Additionally, the amino acid composition at the 7th position of the peptide chain changed significantly, especially with Val addition, which increased the proportion of C14 [Val 7] surfactin by 3.29 times. These structural changes are likely associated with the enhanced antibacterial activity of surfactin. These findings provide valuable insights into the roles of BCAAs in microbial fermentation, underscoring their importance in metabolic engineering to enhance the production of bioactive compounds.
Influence of cultivars and NPSBZn fertilizer rates on pseudostem yield and quality of leek (Alium ampeloprasum var. porrum L.) at Lambuda Dstrict, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Kuma Amanuel , Talito Fekadu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Leek (Allium ampeloprasum var porrum L.) is a member of the Allium genus. It is known for its specific taste and aroma. However, there is lack of area specific fertilizer recommendation and suitable crop cultivars. The experiment was conducted at Lambuda Agricultural Demonstration Site, Wachemo University, Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia, during 2022/2023 belg-cropping season under supplementary irrigated conditions to identify the appropriate level of NPSZ fertilizer rate on yield and quality of leek. The experiment consisted of 2*7 factorial combinations of commercially producing (Casimir) and from black market (Bandit) leek cultivars and NPSBZ fertilizer (0, 25, 50, 75,100, 125, and 150) ha-1 rates were used in the study. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The intra inter row spacing of 5cm*25cm respectively were used. All data assessed on yield and quality components and analyzed using SAS software version 9.4. Results revealed that the main effect of NPSBZ fertilizer rates and cultivars significantly (P < 0.01) affected the yield parameters (pseudostem length, mean pseudostem weight), and quality parameters (core diameter, shaft diameter, fructan analysis, unmarketable pseudostem yield and total soluble solid). The treatment interaction significantly (P < 0.01) affected marketable pseudostem yield, total pseudostem yield and carotene contents. The highest marketable pseudostem yield (38.53t ha-1), total pseudostem yield (39.4t ha-1) and carotene contents (10.29 mg/100ml) were recorded at combination of Casimir with 150 kg NPSBZn rates ha-1. As per the partial budget analysis the highest net benefit (527,112 ETB ha-1) was obtained from the combined application of 150 kg NPSBZn rates ha-1 and Casimir with marginal rate of return (1316.1%).Hence, the combination of 150 kg NPSBZn rates ha-1 and Casimir profitable than other combinations. Current study presents the increased application of fertilizer rates increased pseudostem yield and quality of leek consistently. Thus, further investigation is required by increasing rates of fertilizer to reach with sound conclusion in Lambuda district and areas sharing similar agro-ecology.
Prospective Evaluation of Growth, Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Six Selective Rice Cultivars in Strongly Saline Soil of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Syed Sazidul , Akter Shova 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Over the past two decades, rice production has been seriously threatened by the progressively diminishing agricultural land caused by both environmental and anthropogenic issues. To support the policy decisions for food security in Bangladesh, we must use marginal soil, such as salt-affected soil and suitable variety for a particular region for higher yield.
Methods: A field experiment was conducted in saline soil (8.7 dS m-1) in Khulna, Bangladesh during December 2020 to April 2021 to identify the best rice cultivar following Randomized Complete Block design with three replications. Six rice varieties (BRRI dhan47, BRRI dhan28, BRRI dhan67, Black rice, Violet rice and Heera hybrid) were tested in this experiment to observe their growth and yield performance as well as macro nutrient uptake.
Results: In this study, Black rice died at 74 days after transplanting due to the excess salt stress. The findings revealed that Heera hybrid rice produced significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher tiller hill-1, panicle hill-1, panicle length, biological yield, harvest index, grain yield, straw yield, total grain panicle-1 and filled grain compared to other varieties except BRRI dhan67. On the other hand, significantly highest number of leaf hill-1, 1000-grain weight, P, S and Na uptake was obtained from BRRI dhan67. Additionally, maximum grain N and K uptake was observed for Heera hybrid rice as compared with other cultivars.
Conclusions: It can be summarized that Heera hybrid and BRRI dhan67 could be effective to improve rice production and nutrient uptake in coastal saline soil of Bangladesh followed by BRRI dhan47, BRRI dhan28 and Violet rice.
Quiet quitting threatens healthcare organizations and services: alarming evidence from a cross-sectional study with nurses in Greece
Authors: Moisoglou Ioannis , Katsiroumpa Aglaia , Vraka Irene , Kalogeropoulou Maria , Gallos Parisis , Prasini Ioanna , Galanis Petros 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Quiet quitting has emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences for healthcare organizations and services have been expected.
Objective: To identify levels of quiet quitting among clinical nurses in Greece. Moreover, we examined the impact of demographic and job characteristics on quiet quitting.
Methods: We conducted an online cross-sectional study in Greece. We collected our data in February 2024. We obtained a convenience sample of nurses who have been working in clinical settings. We used the “Quiet Quitting” Scale (QQS) to measure levels of quiet quitting among nurses in our study. Moreover, we measured gender, age, educational level, job sector, understaffed workplace, shift work, and years of clinical experience.
Results: Applying the suggested cut-off point we found that seven out of ten nurses (68.2%, n=620) can be considered as quiet quitters, while three out of ten (31.8%, n=289) can be considered as non-quiet quitters. We found that males experienced higher levels of quiet quitting than females (adjusted coefficient beta = 0.216, 95% CI = 0.093 to 0.339, p-value = 0.001). Additionally, shift workers (adjusted coefficient beta = 0.182, 95% CI = 0.091 to 0.272, p-value < 0.001) and nurses who have been working in understaffed workplaces (adjusted coefficient beta = 0.134, 95% CI = 0.006 to 0.262, p-value = 0.040) showed higher levels of quiet quitting. Decreased years of clinical experience were associated with increased quiet quitting (adjusted coefficient beta = -0.008, 95% CI = -0.012 to -0.004, p-value < 0.001). Conclusions: In our sample, nurses reported high levels of quiet quitting. Gender, shift work, an understaffed workplace, and clinical experience had an impact on quiet quitting. Healthcare organizations and managers should pay attention to quiet quitting in order to improve nurses’ productivity and patients’ outcomes.
Efficient recovery of highly pure CaF2 from fluorine-containing wastewater using an icy lime solution
Authors: Cao Shuqin , Li Yubiao , Wu Xiaoyong , Li Wanqing , Yang Xu 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Developing a feasible and low-cost strategy for the recovery of calcium fluoride efficiently from fluoride-containing wastewater is very essential for the recycle of fluoride resources. Herein, a modified lime precipitation method was employed to recover CaF2 from fluorinated wastewater using a special icy lime solution. Intriguingly, the highest F– removal was greater than 95% under the optimal condition, leaving a fluoride concentration from 200 to 8.64 mg/L, while the lime dosage was much lower than that of industry. Importantly, spherical-shaped CaF2 particles with a 93.47% purity and size smaller than 600 nm were recovered, which has a high potential for the production of hydrofluoric acid. Besides, the precipitation was significantly affected by Ca/F molar ratio, stirring time, temperature, and solution pH. Furthermore, the thermodynamics and kinetics were investigated in detail to reveal the crystallization process. As a result, the defluorination reaction followed the pseudo-second order reaction kinetics model. Also, CO2 in the air adversely influenced the CaF2 purity. Based on this facile method, a high lime utilization efficiency was applied to defluorination, which contributed to protecting the environment and saving costs. This study, therefore, provides a feasible approach for the green recovery of fluorine resources and has significance for related research.