bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study for the Presence of Enterococcal Virulence Factors Gelatinase, Hemolysin and Biofilm Among Clinical and Commensal Isolates of Enterococcus Faecalis
Authors: M. Giridhara Upadhyaya P , L. Umapathy B , L. Ravikumar K 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACT
Background: Biofilm production, gelatinase and hemolysin are the potential virulence factors of Enterococci. Gelatinase and hemolysin producing strains of Enterococcus faecalis have been shown to cause severe infections in animal models. Biofilm production has been shown to enhance the persistence of E. faecalis in urinary bladder and other medical indwelling devices infections.
Aims: To compare the presence of gelatinase, hemolysin and biofilm formation among clinical and commensal isolates and to study the co-relation between virulence factors with respect to different clinical specimens.
Settings and Design: During the study period of 2 years from July 2004 to July 2006, 200 clinical isolates from nosocomial infections and 100 commensal isolates of E. faecalis were taken for the study.
Materials and Methods: The clinical and commensal isolates were tested for the presence of gelatinase, hemolysin and biofilm and compared. The presence of these virulence factors among different clinical isolates was also studied.
Materials and Methods: Viral citrullinated peptide (VCP) and Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen (EBNA-1) peptide were commercially prepared and antibodies to these were determined in 25 patients of ERA, 40 disease control patients constituting 25 rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 7 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 2 scleroderma, 1 spondyloarthritis (SpA), 1 juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), 1 osteoarthritis (OA), 1 psoriatic arthritis (PsA), 1 undifferentiated arthritis (UA), and 1 gout and 25 healthy controls (HCs) were taken for comparison. In-house ELISA was established for both the antibodies while cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody was detected by commercial ELISA kit.
Statistical Analysis: Chi-square and likelihood ratio analysis were carried out using SSPS version 5.1 software.
Results: Results: The clinical isolates produced 39, 16.5 and 32.5% of gelatinase, hemolysin and biofilm, respectively, as compared to 31, 19 and 16% produced by the commensal isolates, respectively. Endotracheal tube infection, urinary tract infection, umbilical catheter tip infected isolates produced 60.8, 86.6 and 100% biofilm, respectively.
Conclusion: Significant difference in the production of biofilm (P<0.001) was noted between clinical and commensal isolates. Organism isolated from medically indwelling devices produced high amount of biofilm, confirming its role in colonization and causing nosocomial infections.
Splenic Abscess due to Brucella Melitensis − A Rare Pediatric Complication
Authors: Parande Aisha M , Mantur B G , Kore Mahesh , Palled Eranna 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACTSplenic abscess due to Brucella species is an extremely rare complication especially in acute illness. Here we report a case of splenic abscess caused by Brucella melitensis biotype 1 in a child with acute infection who was successfully treated with only antibiotics.
Neuromuscular and Vascular Hamartoma of the Small Bowel: A Rare Cause of Intestinal Obstruction
Authors: Krishnamurthy Vani , Basavaraj Vijiya , Vimalambike Manjunath Gubbanna ,   Sunila
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACTNeuromuscular and vascular hamartoma (NMVH) is a rare lesion arising chiefly in the small intestine. As it shares many of the histological features with other commonly occurring stricturous conditions of the small bowel, there is an ongoing debate whether it is truly hamartomatous or represents just a reactive condition. We are reporting a case of NMVH in the terminal ileum in a 32-year-old male who presented with symptoms of intestinal obstruction.
Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma of Nasal Cavity
Authors: Patnayak Rashmi , Jena Amitabh , Reddy M Kumaraswamy , Chowhan Amit kumar , Rao LM Chandrasekhar , Rukhamangadha N 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACTWe present a rare case of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) in the nasal cavity of a 40-year-old Indian male who presented with history of intermittent epistaxis. The lesion was tested for a panel of immunohistochemical markers like vimentin, CD31, CD34, Factor VIII, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Ki67. Immunohistochemically, the neoplasm showed striking positivity for vimentin, CD31, CD34 and weak positivity for VEGF; positivity was also noted for Factor VIII especially in the miniature intracytoplasmic vascular lumina.
JAK2 Negative Polycythemia Vera
Authors: P. Geetha J , A. Arathi C , M. Shalini , G. Srinivasa Murthy A 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACTPolycythemia vera (PV) is a stem cell disorder, characterized as a panhyperplastic, malignant, and neoplastic marrow disorder. Several reasons suggest that a mutation on the Janus kinase-2 gene (JAK2) is the most probable candidate gene involved in PV pathogenesis, as JAK2 is directly involved in intracellular signaling, following its exposure to cytokines, to which PV progenitor cells display hypersensitivity. A recurrent unique acquired clonal mutation in JAK2 was found in most patients with PV and other myeloproliferative diseases (MPDs). A female patient of age 50 years, presented with hemiplegia, diplopia, and had a consistent rise in hemoglobin and hematocrit. Serum Erythropoietin (Epo) was decreased. JAK2 mutation analysis was found to be negative. A diagnosis of polycythemia vera was made on the basis of the British Committee for Standards in Hematology (BCSH) guidelines.
Incisional Endometriosis: Diagnosed by Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology
Authors: P. Veda , M. Srinivasaiah 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACTIncisional endometriosis (IE) is a rare entity reported in 0.03–1.08% of women following obstetric or gynecologic surgeries. Most cases reported in literature have appeared after cesarean sections and were often clinically mistaken for hernia, abscess, suture granuloma or lipoma. We hereby report a case of IE following a second trimester hysterotomy, which was diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Our patient was 26 years old, presenting with a mass over anterior abdominal wall, associated with incapacitating pain during each menstrual cycle. FNAC showed epithelial cells, stromal cells and hemosiderin laden macrophages. Based on the typical history, clinical and cytological features, the diagnosis of IE was established. Wide surgical excision was done and the resulting rectus sheath defect was repaired. Patient was followed for 6 months during which time she was symptom free. This article also reviews the spectrum of cytological features and the rare possibility of malignant transformation that can occur in IE.
Role of the Nav1.7 R1150W amino acid change in susceptibility to symptomatic knee osteoarthritis and multiple regional pain
Authors: Valdes Ana M. , Arden Nigel K. , Vaughn Frances L. , Doherty Sally A. , Leaverton Paul E. , Zhang Weiya , Muir Kenneth R. , Rampersaud Evadnie , Dennison Elaine M. , Edwards Mark H. , Jameson Karen A. , Javaid M. Kassim , Spector Tim D. , Cooper Cyrus , Maciewicz Rose A. , Doherty Michael 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the genetic association of pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) and those with multiple regional pain with the R1150W variant in the α‐subunit of the voltage‐gated sodium channel NaV1.7.MethodsKnee OA patients from 2 UK cohorts (1,411 from the Genetics of Osteoarthritis and Lifestyle study and 267 from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study; 74% with symptomatic OA) with Western Ontario and McMaster Universities OA Index (WOMAC) pain scores were genotyped for rs6746030 (encoding the R1150W change). One hundred seventy‐six knee OA patients (53% symptomatic) from the Clearwater Osteoarthritis Study were also tested. A total of 4,295 samples (both affected and unaffected OA) from all 3 studies with data on multiple regional pain were tested. Fixed‐effects meta‐analyses were carried out with the WOMAC, symptomatic OA (adjusting for radiographic severity), and multiple regional pain as outcomes.ResultsNo association with the WOMAC was seen in the UK cohorts. Overall, the meta‐analysis of WOMAC yielded a summary statistic of β = 0.47 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.04, 0.89; P = 0.030) for the variant allele. The meta‐analysis of symptomatic versus asymptomatic OA did not demonstrate an association with rs6746030 (odds ratio [OR] 0.90 [95% CI 0.71, 1.15], P = 0.38). The meta‐analysis of multiple regional pain resulted in a significant OR of 1.40 (95% CI 1.08, 1.80; P = 0.0085). No interstudy heterogeneity was seen for any of the analyses.ConclusionWe find evidence that the R1150W amino acid change in the NaV1.7 α‐chain is associated with multiple regional pain. This variant is confirmed to be involved in genetic susceptibility to pain, but it does not appear to have a major role in OA‐specific pain.
Recent Progresses on Materials for Electrophosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Devices
Authors: Xiao Lixin , Chen Zhijian , Qu Bo , Luo Jiaxiu , Kong Sheng , Gong Qihuang , Kido Junji 
Published: October 2010

AbstractAlthough organic light‐emitting devices have been commercialized as flat panel displays since 1997, only singlet excitons were emitted. Full use of singlet and triplet excitons, electrophosphorescence, has attracted increasing attentions after the premier work made by Forrest, Thompson, and co‐workers. In fact, red electrophosphorescent dye has already been used in sub‐display of commercial mobile phones since 2003. Highly efficient green phosphorescent dye is now undergoing of commercialization. Very recently, blue phosphorescence approaching the theoretical efficiency has also been achieved, which may overcome the final obstacle against the commercialization of full color display and white light sources from phosphorescent materials. Combining light out‐coupling structures with highly efficient phosphors (shown in the table‐of‐contents image), white emission with an efficiency matching that of fluorescent tubes (90 lm/W) has now been realized. It is possible to tune the color to the true white region by changing to a deep blue emitter and corresponding wide gap host and transporting material for the blue phosphor. In this article, recent progresses in red, green, blue, and white electrophosphorescent materials for OLEDs are reviewed, with special emphasis on blue electrophosphorescent materials.
Occupational lung cancer in US women, 1984–1998
Authors: Robinson Cynthia F. , Sullivan Patricia A. , Li Jia , Walker James T. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackgroundLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in US women, accounting for 72,130 deaths in 2006. In addition to smoking cessation, further reduction of the burden of lung cancer mortality can be made by preventing exposure to occupational lung carcinogens. Data for occupational exposures and health outcomes of US working women are limited.MethodsPopulation‐based mortality data for 4,570,711 women who died between 1984 and 1998 in 27 US States were used to evaluate lung cancer proportionate mortality over time by the usual occupation and industry reported on death certificates. Lung cancer proportionate mortality ratios were adjusted for smoking, using data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and the American Cancer Society's Cancer Prevention Study II.ResultsAnalyses revealed that 194,382 white, 18,225 Black and 1,515 Hispanic women died 1984–1998 with lung cancer reported as the underlying cause of death. Following adjustment for smoking, significant excess proportionate lung cancer mortality was observed among US women working in the US manufacturing; transportation; retail trade; agriculture, forestry, and fishing; and nursing/personal care industries. Women employed in precision production, technical, managerial, professional specialty, and administrative occupations experienced some of the highest significantly excess proportionate lung cancer mortality during 1984–1998.ConclusionsThe results of our study point to significantly elevated risks for lung cancer after adjustment for smoking among women in several occupations and industries. Because 6–17% of lung cancer in US males is attributable to known exposures to occupational carcinogens, and since synergistic interactions between cigarette smoke and other occupational lung carcinogens have been noted, it is important to continue research into the effects of occupational exposures on working men and women. Am. J. Ind. Med. 54:102–117, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Physical examination has a low yield in screening for carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Dale Ann Marie , Descatha Alexis , Coomes Justin , Franzblau Alfred , Evanoff Bradley 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackgroundPhysical examination is often used to screen workers for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). In a population of newly hired workers, we evaluated the yield of such screening.MethodsOur study population included 1,108 newly hired workers in diverse industries. Baseline data included a symptom questionnaire, physical exam, and bilateral nerve conduction testing of the median and ulnar nerves; individual results were not shared with the employer. We tested three outcomes: symptoms of CTS, abnormal median nerve conduction, and a case definition of CTS that required both symptoms and median neuropathy.ResultsOf the exam measures used, only Semmes–Weinstein sensory testing had a sensitivity value above 31%. Positive predictive values were low, and likelihood ratios were all under 5.0 for positive testing and over 0.2 for negative testing.ConclusionPhysical examination maneuvers have a low yield for the diagnosis of CTS in workplace surveillance programs and in post‐offer, pre‐placement screening programs. Am. J. Ind. Med. 54:1–9, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A longitudinal assessment of occupation, respiratory symptoms, and blood lead levels among latino day laborers in a non‐agricultural setting
Authors: Rabito Felicia A. , Perry Sara , Salinas Oscar , Hembling John , Schmidt Norine , Parsons Patrick J. , Kissinger Patricia 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe reliance on Latino migrant day labor in the U.S. is increasing. Prospective data on day laborers' work and health experience in non‐agriculture settings are lacking and outcomes are generally restricted to injury rates.MethodsAn ambidirectional study was conducted to quantify the number of job and job task changes held over 12 months in a cohort of 73 migrant day laborers and assessed the relation between work type, health symptoms, and blood lead level.ResultsOn average, participants worked 2.4 different jobs over the past year averaging 41.5 hr per week. Construction work was associated with a twofold increase in sino‐nasal and respiratory symptoms in both adjusted and unadjusted models and was associated with increased blood lead levels.ConclusionsDespite day labor status, workers had relatively stable employment. Respiratory symptoms were common and often improved when away from work suggesting that workplace irritant exposure is likely. Migrant day laborers working construction are vulnerable to adverse health effects associated with irritant and lead exposure. Am. J. Ind. Med. 54:366–374, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Use of guidelines improves the neurological outcome in glutaric aciduria type I
Authors: Heringer Jana , Boy S. P. Nikolas , Ensenauer Regina , Assmann Birgit , Zschocke Johannes , Harting Inga , Lücke Thomas , Maier Esther M. , Mühlhausen Chris , Haege Gisela , Hoffmann Georg F. , Burgard Peter , Kölker Stefan 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the effect of treatment according to current evidence‐based recommendations on the neurological outcome of patients with glutaric aciduria type I (GA‐I).Methods:Fifty‐two patients identified by newborn screening (NBS) in Germany from 1999 to 2009 were followed prospectively. Neurological outcome was assessed by the occurrence of an acute encephalopathic crisis and the severity of a movement disorder (MD) with predominant dystonia superimposing on axial hypotonia. Outcome was evaluated in relation to therapy and therapy‐independent parameters.Results:Outcome was best in GA‐I patients who were treated in full accordance with treatment recommendations (n=37; 5% MD). Deviations from recommended basic metabolic treatment (low‐lysine diet, carnitine) resulted in an intermediate outcome (n=9; 44% MD), whereas disregard of emergency treatment recommendations was associated with a poor outcome (n=6; 100% MD). Treatment regimens deviating from recommendations significantly increased the risk for MD (odds ratio [OR], 35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.88–208.39) and acute encephalopathic crises (OR, 51.32; 95% CI, 2.65–993.49). Supervision by a metabolic center improved the outcome (18% vs 57% MD; OR, 6.17; 95% CI, 1.15–33.11), whereas migrational background and biochemical phenotype (high versus low excretor status) had no significant effect.Interpretation:Follow‐up of neonatally diagnosed patients with GA‐I in Germany clearly demonstrates that the inclusion of this rare disease in the NBS disease panel has significantly improved the neurological outcome of affected individuals. The establishment of and adherence to evidence‐based treatment recommendations, and supervision by experienced metabolic centers helps to minimize the number of patients who do not benefit from NBS. Ann Neurol 2010;68:743–752
Natural history of incidental world health organization grade II gliomas
Authors: Pallud Johan , Fontaine Denys , Duffau Hugues , Mandonnet Emmanuel , Sanai Nader , Taillandier Luc , Peruzzi Philippe , Guillevin Rémy , Bauchet Luc , Bernier Valérie , Baron Marie‐Hélène , Guyotat Jacques , Capelle Laurent 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjective:Seizure is the presenting symptom in most of World Health Organization grade II gliomas (GIIGs). Rarely, a GIIG is discovered incidentally on imaging. Little is known about the natural course and prognosis of incidental GIIGs. The aim of the present study is to characterize their natural history and to investigate whether their clinical and radiological behaviors differ from those of symptomatic GIIGs.Methods:The clinical and radiological findings, treatments, and outcomes of 47 histologically‐proven incidental GIIGs were compared with those of 1249 symptomatic GIIGs.Results:Incidental GIIGs differ significantly from symptomatic GIIGs: they have a female predominance (p = 0.05), smaller initial tumor volumes (p < 0.001), lower incidence of contrast enhancement (p = 0.009), and are more likely to undergo gross total surgical removal (p < 0.001). Proliferation rates were similar to that observed among symptomatic GIIGs. Younger age at the time of discovery, frontal lobes, and noneloquent brain regions were associated with incidental GIIGs, as compared to their symptomatic counterparts. When not treated, incidental GIIGs demonstrated radiological growth (median velocity of diametric expansion at 3.5 mm/year), and became symptomatic at a median interval of 48 months after radiological discovery. Overall, incidental discovery was associated with a significant survival benefit (p = 0.04).Interpretation:Incidental GIIGs are progressive tumors leading to clinical transformation toward symptomatic GIIGs. They may represent an earlier step in the natural history of a glioma than the symptomatic GIIGs. ANN NEUROL 2010;68:727–733
Intractable vomiting as the initial presentation of neuromyelitis optica
Authors: Apiwattanakul Metha , Popescu Bogdan F. , Matiello Marcelo , Weinshenker Brian G. , Lucchinetti Claudia F. , Lennon Vanda A. , McKeon Andrew , Carpenter Adam F. , Miller Gary M. , Pittock Sean J. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe report 12 aquaporin‐4 antibody‐positive patients (12% of seropositive Mayo Clinic patients identified since 2005) whose initial presenting symptom of neuromyelitis optica was intractable vomiting. The initial evaluation in 75% was gastroenterologic. Vomiting lasted a median of 4 weeks (range, 2 days–80 weeks). Optic neuritis or transverse myelitis developed after vomiting onset in 11 patients (median interval, 11 weeks; range, 1–156). At last evaluation (median, 48 months after vomiting onset), 7 patients fulfilled neuromyelitis optica diagnostic criteria. Our clinical, pathologic and neuroimaging observations suggest the aquaporin‐4–rich area postrema may be a first point of attack in neuromyelitis optica. Ann Neurol 2010;68:757–761
Axonal damage in relapsing multiple sclerosis is markedly reduced by natalizumab
Authors: Gunnarsson Martin , Malmeström Clas , Axelsson Markus , Sundström Peter , Dahle Charlotte , Vrethem Magnus , Olsson Tomas , Piehl Fredrik , Norgren Niklas , Rosengren Lars , Svenningsson Anders , Lycke Jan 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjective:The impact of present disease‐modifying treatments (DMTs) in multiple sclerosis (MS) on nerve injury and reactive astrogliosis is still unclear. Therefore, we studied the effect of natalizumab treatment on the release of 2 brain‐specific tissue damage markers into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in MS patients.Methods:CSF samples from 92 patients with relapsing forms of MS were collected in a prospective manner prior to natalizumab treatment and after 6 or 12 months. In 86 cases, natalizumab was used as second‐line DMT due to breakthrough of disease activity. The levels of neurofilament light (NFL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were determined using highly sensitive in‐house developed enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays.Results:Natalizumab treatment led to a 3‐fold reduction of NFL levels, from a mean value of 1,300 (standard deviation [SD], 2,200) to 400 (SD, 270) ng/l (p < 0.001). The later value was not significantly different from that found in healthy control subjects (350ng/l; SD, 170; n = 28). Subgroup analysis revealed a consistent effect on NFL release, regardless of previous DMT or whether patients had relapses or were in remission within 3 months prior to natalizumab treatment. No differences between pre‐ and post‐treatment levels of GFAP were detected.Interpretation:Our data demonstrate that natalizumab treatment reduces the accumulation of nerve injury in relapsing forms of MS. It is anticipated that highly effective anti‐inflammatory treatment can reduce axonal loss, thereby preventing development of permanent neurological disability. Ann Neurol 2010