bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic correlation between growth and female and male contributions to fertility in rabbit
Authors: Piles M. , Tusell L. 
Published: November 2011

SummaryA Bayesian bivariate Linear‐Threshold Animal Model was implemented to determine the genetic correlation between fertility (F), defined as success or failure to conceive, and average daily gain (ADG) in a rabbit line selected for ADG. A total of 27 234 records of F from 7895 females and 1293 males, and 114 135 records of ADG were used for the analysis. The pedigree included 114 485 animals. The model used for ADG included the systematic effects of year‐season, parity order and number of kids born alive, the animal additive effect, the maternal and paternal permanent environmental effects, the common litter permanent environmental effect and the residual. The model for the liability of F included the systematic effects of year‐season and physiological status of the female, the female and male additive genetic effects, the female and male permanent environmental effects and the residual, which was divided into a permanent environmental effect related to the common litter effect for ADG, and an independent term. The estimated heritabilities were 0.15 for ADG and 0.07 and 0.04 for the female and male contributions to F, respectively. Male and female contributions to F had a positive genetic correlation (0.34). The genetic correlation between ADG and the female component of F was low to moderate and negative (−0.31), whereas it was null for the male contribution to F. Thus, it is expected that only the female contribution to reproductive performance may be impaired by selection for ADG in rabbit lines.
BETWEEN NEIGHBOURHOOD AND SCHOOL: GEOGRAPHY AND EDUCATION IN THE NETHERLANDS
Authors: SYKES BROOKE 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTIn a country with open school choice and equal funding of schools, does where you live matter for your educational outcomes? This paper addresses this question using recent data from a study of secondary school students in the Netherlands. Drawing on the international literature, the paper first outlines how the neighbourhood context may be relevant for young peoples' educational opportunities and outcomes, paying special attention to the role that the school may play in the observed relationship between neighbourhood characteristics and educational outcomes. The analysis examines whether there are any educational benefits of living in a neighbourhood with a high socio‐economic status, over and above individual background characteristics, and if so, whether these benefits can be attributed to the characteristics of the schools that youth attend. The findings are summarised and discussed with reference to the wider literature. Based on the findings, suggestions for future research at the intersection of young people, the neighbourhood and school are developed.
The hierarchical factor model of ADHD: invariant across age and national groupings?
Authors: Toplak Maggie E. , Sorge Geoff B. , Flora David B. , Chen Wai , Banaschewski Tobias , Buitelaar Jan , Ebstein Richard , Eisenberg Jacques , Franke Barbara , Gill Michael , Miranda Ana , Oades Robert D. , Roeyers Herbert , Rothenberger Aribert , Sergeant Joseph , Sonuga‐Barke Edmund , Steinhausen Hans‐Christoph , Thompson Margaret , Tannock Rosemary , Asherson Philip , Faraone Stephen V. 
Published: November 2011

Objective:  To examine the factor structure of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a clinical sample of 1,373 children and adolescents with ADHD and their 1,772 unselected siblings recruited from different countries across a large age range. Hierarchical and correlated factor analytic models were compared separately in the ADHD and sibling samples, across three different instruments and across parent and teacher informants. Specific consideration was given to factorial invariance analyses across different ages and different countries in the ADHD sample.Method:  A sample of children and adolescents between 5 and 17 years of age with ADHD and their unselected siblings was assessed. Participants were recruited from seven European countries and Israel. ADHD symptom data came from a clinical interview with parents Parental Account of Childhood Symptoms and questionnaires from parents and teachers (Conners Parent and Teacher).Results:  A hierarchical general factor model with two specific factors best represented the structure of ADHD in both the ADHD and unselected sibling groups, and across informants and instruments. The model was robust and invariant with regard to age differences in the ADHD sample. The model was not strongly invariant across different national groups in the ADHD sample, likely reflecting severity differences across the different centers and not any substantial difference in the clinical presentation of ADHD.Conclusions:  The results replicate previous studies of a model with a unitary ADHD component and separable specific traits of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. The unique contribution of this study was finding support for this model across a large developmental and multinational/multicultural sample and its invariance across ages.
Eating out, nutrition, education and the consumer: a case study from Alabama
Authors: Alonso Abel Duarte , O'Neill Martin A. , Zizza Claire 
Published: November 2011

AbstractIncreasingly, there is agreement that the hospitality industry, particularly the restaurant sector, can significantly impact people's eating behaviour. This impact includes the nutritional intake of meals many restaurants sell that may lead to problems such as the growing obesity epidemic. This preliminary study investigates consumers' attitudes towards their eating out experience as it relates to their reasons for eating out and the importance that nutrition may place in their experience when eating out. Findings suggest differences in consumer attitudes towards these issues based on their gender, educational achievement level and type of restaurant they frequent. Nutritional awareness and education strategies do not appear to be reaching groups that are more exposed and/or more prone to unhealthier food consumption. Overall, consumers do not seem interested in education or involvement in healthier consumption.
Cancer of the body of the uterus: trends in mortality and incidence in England, 1985–2008
Authors: Duncan ME , Seagroatt V , Goldacre MJ 
Published: November 2011

Please cite this paper as: Duncan M, Seagroatt V, Goldacre M. Cancer of the body of the uterus: trends in mortality and incidence in England, 1985–2008. BJOG 2011; 10.1111/j.1471‐0528.2011.03201.x.Objective  To report on trends in mortality and incidence for uterine cancer in England, 1985–2008.Design  Database analysis.Setting  England.Population  Data sets of English national mortality and cancer registration statistics.Methods  Analysis of data from death certificates with a mention of malignant neoplasm of corpus uteri or malignant neoplasm of uterus without specification of part, and analysis of incidence data from cancer registries in England.Main outcome measures  Age‐adjusted and age‐specific trends in rates.Results  Mortality rates in the UK declined from 41.3 per million women in 1985 until about 1999 (30.0 per million), and then increased to 35.9 per million in 2008. Incidence rates for those aged 55 years and over showed little or no change from 1985 to the early 1990s, but then increased: for example, for women aged 60–64 years, the rates per million women in 1985, 1993, 2001 and 2008 were, respectively, 448, 461, 647 and 728. Rates for younger women showed a decline, followed by an increase: for example, for women aged 50–54 years the corresponding rates were 290, 254, 267 and 294. Over the period 2001–2008, the age‐adjusted average annual percentage increase was 2.55% per annum (95% CI 2.13–2.98%). The increase in incidence rates, observed from the 1990s, preceded the increase in mortality by about 10 years.Conclusions  After many years of declining rates, uterine cancer has become more common in the first decade of this century. One possible contributor to this increase may be an association with the increase in body mass index in women, but other causes are possible and are discussed.
“I'm Not Your Typical ‘Homework Stresses Me Out’ Kind of Girl”: Psychological Anthropology in Research on College Student Usage of Psychiatric Medications and Mental Health Services
Authors: Anderson‐Fye Eileen P. , Floersch Jerry 
Published: November 2011

AbstractResearch has established that a large minority of college students today are taking psychiatric medications and that college mental health services are overwhelmed by this relatively recent trend. Little is known about the subjective experience of these college students in regard to their medications and utilizations of services as they transition from home to a peer‐based environment during a key developmental moment in the transition to adulthood. In this article we argue that theory and methods from psychological anthropology are ripe to guide data collection in this area. We provide data from a longitudinal mixed‐methods pilot study with residential college students to argue that policy and practice regarding college mental health and psychiatric medication can benefit substantially from insights gained through psychological anthropology. In particular, college administrators, counseling and health centers, and their professional organizations can benefit from research examining student experience and meaning making in particular institutional and community settings.
Inside‐Out and Outside‐In? Global Development Theory, Policy, and Youth
Authors: Worthman Carol M. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractHumanity is young: In 2006, over a third (2.2 billion) were under age 18 and almost half were under age 25. In addition, nearly the majority of young people ages 15–24 lives on less than $2 per day, 15 percent are undernourished, and 14.4 percent are unemployed. Although 85 percent of young people live in developing countries, only a fraction of adolescent development and mental health research is focused there. Efforts to shift the emphasis of such research also must engage with the prevailing views in development theory and policy that link human development with socioeconomic development in a “dual development model.” A critical cultural analysis of this model reveals both the bases and limitations of its power, and identifies an implicit cultural model of the life course within it. The model mandates society‐to‐individual (outside‐in) investments in health and education that are expected to return reciprocal gains in lifetime productivity that benefit society as a whole (inside‐out). The current burden and advantage of this equation are assessed as they bear on young people across the globe. A case is made for lifecourse cultural models as a potent framework for mediating among realities, perceptions, and behaviors at the level of youth, parents, and policies under conditions of rapid culture change.
Adolescence Matters: Practice‐ and Policy‐Relevant Research and Engagement in Psychological Anthropology
Authors: Korbin Jill E. , Anderson‐Fye Eileen P. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe articles in this special issue, and the practice and policy commentaries that accompany them, highlight distinctive contributions of psychological anthropology to understanding adolescence, and extend these understandings to the collaborative framing of practice and policy concerns. In consideration of pressing matters for adolescents that include mental health, poverty, sexual orientation, and global perspectives on well‐being, the role of psychological anthropology in linking research, practice and policy must be multifaceted and collaborative in bringing together content, methods, and approaches that facilitate effective communication and engagement within and beyond the academy.
Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in tumour suppressor genes in benign and malignant mixed odontogenic tumours
Authors: Galvão Clarice F. , Gomes Carolina C. , Diniz Marina G. , Vargas Pablo A. , de Paula Alfredo M. B. , Mosqueda‐Taylor Adalberto , Loyola Adriano M. , Gomez Ricardo S. 
Published: November 2011

J Oral Pathol Med (2012) 41: 389–393Although molecular alterations are reported in different types of odontogenic tumours, their pathogenesis remains to be established. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) studies allow the identification of minimal regions of deletions of known or putative tumour suppressor genes, the losses of which may promote neoplastic growth. The purpose of this study was to investigate LOH in a set of odontogenic mixed tumours. Tumour suppressor gene loci on 3p, 9p, 11p, 11q and 17p chromosomes were analysed in five samples of ameloblastic fibroma (AF), three samples of ameloblastic fibro‐odontoma (AFO) and three samples of ameloblastic fibrosarcoma (AFS). The most frequently lost genetic loci were p53 (17p13, 62%) and CHRNB1 (17p13, 55%). LOH at the chromosome regions 3p24.3, 9p22 and 9p22‐p21 was identified only in AFS. No sample showed LOH at the chromosomal loci 3p21.2 and 11q13.4. For the region 9p22–p13, LOH occurred in one sample of AFO. The fractional allelic loss (FAL) was calculated for each sample. The mean FAL of the benign lesions (i.e. AF and AFO) was 22%, whereas the mean FAL of the malignant lesions (i.e. AFS) was 74.6%. In conclusion, our results show a higher FAL in AFS compared to its benign counterparts and reveal a different pattern of LOH of tumour suppressor genes in AFS, which may regulate changes in tumour behaviour.
Vitamin D serum level changes in psoriatic patients treated with narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy are related to the season of the irradiation
Authors: Lesiak Aleksandra , Narbutt Joanna , Pawlaczyk Mariola , Sysa‐Jedrzejowska Anna , Krzyścin Janusz 
Published: November 2011

SummaryBackgroundVitamin D is produced in the human skin by short wavelength (290–315 nm) ultraviolet (UV) radiation.PurposeThe aim of the study was to investigate how outdoor conditions may influence the serum levels of 25(OH) vitamin D in psoriasis patients under narrowband ultraviolet B (UVB) phototherapy.MethodsThe winter and summer groups of patients received almost the same narrowband UV (nUVB) doses during whole‐body phototherapy. The 25(OH)D serum concentration was measured before and after two series of 10 exposures. The cabinet doses were compared with potentially available cumulative solar doses. The solar doses (unweighted UVB and vitamin D effective dose) and duration of solar intensity sufficient to produce vitamin D were calculated using a model based on local atmospheric data.ResultsAfter an initial 10 nUVB treatments, 25(OH)D serum concentration increased by 68% for winter patients in relation to the level before therapy, whereas a 20% increase was found for the summer patients. The next 10 treatments caused a much lower increase in 25(OH)D concentration: 5% and 3.5% for the winter and summer patients, respectively. No statistically significant relationship was observed between post‐therapy 25(OH)D serum concentration and solar radiation variability.ConclusionsThe different baseline values of 25(OH)D serum levels in winter and summer patients result from seasonal variability in solar irradiance. Thus, outdoor solar radiation affects the patients over a much longer period, and artificial UV light is the main factor responsible for increase in 25(OH)D serum level over a 30‐day period of cabinet therapy.
The impact of ultraviolet therapy on stratum corneum ceramides and barrier function
Authors: Jungersted Jakob Mutanu , Høgh Julie K. , Hellgren Lars I. , Jemec Gregor B. E. , Agner Tove 
Published: November 2011

SummaryThe ceramide profile as well as the barrier function is known to be deteriorated in atopic eczema and psoriasis, and ultraviolet (UV) light is known to improve the barrier function. The impact of UV light on ceramides, however, is not clarified. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of UV therapy in dermatological patients on ceramides and skin barrier function. We found that UV light treatment does not change the ratio of important stratum corneum lipids, but we confirm earlier findings of decreased susceptibility to irritants after UV‐ therapy.
Ultraviolet exposure for different outdoor sports in Valencia, Spain
Authors: Serrano María‐Antonia , Cañada Javier , Moreno Juan Carlos 
Published: November 2011

SummaryBackgroundThe purpose of this study is to quantify ultraviolet (UV) exposure of several groups of amateur athletes in their training or recreational schedules.MethodsThe athletes were monitored using dosimeters (VioSpor).The study took place in Valencia, Spain, from May to July 2010, and involved a group of 10 mountaineers, four tennis players and five runners.ResultsThe mean daily personal UV exposure for mountaineers was 9.48 ± 3.23 standard erythema dose (SED). The tennis players received a mean of 10.65 ± 1.57 SED for every 2 days of training, and the runners received a mean of 7.62 ± 4.28 SED for every 5 days of training.ConclusionMountaineers received a higher dose of UV exposure and have a higher exposure ratio than the tennis players, probably because they spent more time outdoors. However, the runners received a low dose of UV exposure, perhaps because their training takes place in the evening. Mean daily UV exposure of the mountaineers and tennis players exceeded 5 SED, which means that, in the case of non‐sun‐adapted skin type III and the non‐use of sun protection, erythema may be induced in these subjects. Accordingly, it is necessary to encourage the use of high protection sunscreens and protective clothing, and to avoid UV exposure in the hottest part of the day.
UVA‐activated synthesis of metalloproteinases 1, 3 and 9 is prevented by a broad‐spectrum sunscreen
Authors: Jean Christine , Bogdanowicz Patrick , Haure Marie‐José , Castex‐Rizzi Nathalie , Fournié Jean‐Jacques , Laurent Guy 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundSpecific sunscreens against ultraviolet (UV) A and B radiations are essential to prevent matrix degradation and the activation of intracellular signaling pathways involved in photoaging and photocarcinogenesis. Matrix degradation results from UVA‐induced production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and activation of intracellular pathways in fibroblasts and keratinocytes. In particular, in keratinocytes, UVA radiation induces β‐catenin nuclear translocation and stimulates MMP gene transcription. Our study was aimed at assessing the efficacy of a specific broad‐spectrum sunscreen in preventing β‐catenin translocation and MMPs enhanced expression in cultured keratinocytes after UVA irradiation.MethodsSunscreen or the vehicle was spread on quartz sheet. Irradiation of HaCaT cells with 6 J/cm2 UVA was performed through the sheet, and cells were collected for β‐catenin immunostaining then visualization by confocal microscopy, and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis of MMP‐1, ‐3 and ‐9 gene expression.ResultsAs shown by immunostaining and confocal microscopy, the sunscreen abrogated UVA‐induced beta‐catenin translocation to the nucleus, in comparison with control groups. MMP‐1, ‐3 and ‐9 mRNA expression was enhanced by 7, 7 and 4 folds (P < 0.0001, P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively) in unprotected UVA‐irradiated cells compared to the non‐irradiated control. Sunscreen protection of the cells significantly reduced UVA‐induced expression of MMP‐1, ‐3 and ‐9 by 83% (P < 0.01), 80% (P < 0.01) and 65% (P < 0.05), respectively.ConclusionThis study demonstrated the efficacy of this broad‐spectrum sunscreen in preventing UVA‐induced effects on the markers of photoaging and photocarcinogenesis in vitro. It was able to protect HaCaT keratinocytes from UVA‐induced β‐catenin translocation to the nucleus and MMPs expression.
The distribution of galaxy morphological types and the morphology–mass relation in different environments at low redshift
Authors: Calvi Rosa , Poggianti Bianca M. , Fasano Giovanni , Vulcani Benedetta 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
We use ∼2000 galaxies from PM2GC (Calvi, Poggianti & Vulcani 2011a) belonging to different environments to show how the fractions of different galaxy morphological types vary with global environment and as function of galaxy stellar mass at low redshift. Considering mass-limited galaxy samples with log10M★/M⊙ ≥ 10.25, we find a smooth increase/decline in the fraction of Es–S0s/late-type galaxies going from single galaxies, to binaries, to groups. Considering all environments, the fractional variation is more conspicuous for S0s and late types than for ellipticals solely due to a sharp enhancement/dearth of S0s/late types in clusters compared to other environments. The morphological distribution of galaxies in the mass range 10.25 &lt; log10M★/M⊙ &lt; 11 is rather independent of both galaxy stellar mass and global environment, except in clusters. The morphologies of galaxies more massive than log10M★/M⊙ = 11 are instead a function of both galaxy mass and global environment. The morphology–mass relation therefore changes with global environment, showing that galaxy stellar mass cannot be the only parameter driving the morphological distribution of galaxies. The morphology–mass relations for S0 and late-type galaxies in clusters are peculiar compared to other environments, and this strongly suggests that cluster-specific effects act on these two types of galaxies, and that a significant number of S0s in clusters has a different origin with respect to S0s in other environments.
HAEMODIALYSIS NURSES KNOWLEDGE ABOUT METHICILLIN‐RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
Authors: Lindberg Maria , Lindberg Magnus 
Published: November 2011

SUMMARYHealthcare workers may lack knowledge about antibiotic‐resistant bacteria and thereby increase the spread of such organisms. The aim of the present study was to describe the relationship between self‐rated knowledge and actual knowledge about methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) among 326 Swedish haemodialysis nurses. Data were collected through a postal questionnaire. The findings suggest that ongoing education about MRSA should be provided to haemodialysis nurses, but also that standardised evaluation of adequate knowledge, skills and competencies’ regarding safe practices is warranted. Future research should focus on effective mechanisms to ensure that haemodialysis nurses provide safe MRSA care.
IDENTIFICATION OF THE NEEDS OF HAEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS USING THE CONCEPT OF MASLOW'S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
Authors: Bayoumi Magda 
Published: November 2011

SUMMARYAlong with basic survival and other clinical outcomes, patients’ quality of life is an important indicator to reflect the needs of these patients. Human needs are classified in Maslow's hierarchy, where the most essential basic physiological need provides the base, and self actualisation is at the top of pyramid.Aim: The aim of this study is to identify the patients’ needs who are on maintenance haemodialysis using concept of Maslow's hierarchy.Method: The descriptive study was conducted in the dialysis unit of Suez Canal University Hospitals. The study included 50 patients attending the dialysis unit.Results: The findings showed that the patients’ highest need was for self‐esteem (92.0%), whereas the lowest was for love and belonging (38.0%). Statistically significant relationships were revealed between the identified love and belonging needs and patients’ age and the duration of dialysis (p = 0.008). The total needs score was lower with the longer duration of dialysis (59.6 ± 7.3), compared to those with a duration less than 24 months (65.7 ± 8.1), p = 0.02.Conclusion: Based on the main study findings it is concluded that haemodialysis patients’ highest need was for self‐esteem, and the lowest was for love and belonging. These needs increased with longer duration of dialysis. Nurses need to be aware of these findings in order to be able to supply the necessary support to help the patient regain his/her self‐concept.