bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bcl-2 knockdown by multifunctional lipid nanoparticle and its influence in apoptosis pathway regarding cutaneous melanoma: in vitro and ex vivo studies.
Authors: Viegas Juliana Santos Rosa , Araujo Jackeline Souza , Leite Marcel Nani , Praqça Fabiola Garcia , Ciampo Jose Orestes Del , Espreáfico Enilza Maria , Frade Marco Andrey Cipriani , Bentley Maria Vitoria Lopes Badra 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Multifunctional therapies have emerged as innovative strategies in cancer treatment. In this research article, we proposed a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) designed for the topical treatment of cutaneous melanoma, which simultaneously delivers 5-FU and Bcl-2 siRNA. The characterized nanoparticles exhibited a diameter of 259 ± 9 nm and a polydispersion index of 0.2, indicating a uniform size distribution. The NLCs were primarily localized in the epidermis, effectively minimizing the systemic release of 5-FU across skin layers. The ex vivo skin model revealed the formation of a protective lipid film, decreasing the desquamation process of the stratum corneum which can be associated to an effect of increasing permeation. In vitro assays demonstrated that A375 melanoma cells exhibited a higher sensitivity to the treatment compared to non-cancerous cells, reflecting the expected difference in their metabolic rates. The uptake of NLC by A375 cells reached approximately 90% within 4 hours. The efficacy of Bcl-2 knockdown was thoroughly assessed using ELISA, Western blot, and qRT-PCR analyses, revealing a significant knockdown and synergistic action of the NLC formulation containing 5-FU and Bcl-2 siRNA (at low concentration --100 pM). Notably, the silencing of Bcl-2 mRNA also impacted other members of the Bcl-2 protein family, including Mcl-1, Bcl-xl, BAX, and BAK. The observed modulation of these proteins strongly indicated the activation of the apoptosis pathway, suggesting a successful inhibition of melanoma growth and prevention of its in vitro spread.
Short-term real-world outcomes of diabetic macular edema treated with intravitreal faricimab
Authors: Hirakata Toshiaki , Hara Fumihiro , Nochi Yuta , Shinohara Daisuke , Yamamoto Shutaro , Hiratsuka Yoshimune , Nakao Shintaro 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Faricimab, a new drug for diabetic macular edema (DME), was made available in Japan in 2022. However, few reports have been published about its treatment outcomes in clinical practice. To assess the short-term outcomes of intravitreal faricimab (IVF) in patients with DME, the records of patients with DME receiving IVF therapy between July 2022 and July 2023 at Juntendo University Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Their best-corrected visual acuities in the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution units and central macular thicknesses were compared at baseline and one month after the final IVF. Eighteen patients and 22 eyes were included and allocated to the naïve and switched groups: 12 cases (15 eyes) and 6 cases (7 eyes), respectively. The best-corrected visual acuity improved for the naïve group, but no difference was observed for the switched group. In contrast, the central macular thickness improved for both the naïve and switched groups. IVF demonstrated good short-term outcomes for DME, suggesting that it is effective for DME in clinical practice.
Dynamical protein interaction pathways: A molecular root to diseases
Authors: M Paul Asir 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

We propose a complex dynamical model to mimic the protein-protein interaction. The signalling pathways that activate the proteins enact the intracellular functions are modelled by random and complimentary linking. The molecular roots of diseases are illuminated on the grounds of protein misfolding. Specifically, amy-loid fibrillated states are emphasized that are analogous to the coalescence of ordered and disordered dynamics. Also, a β− pleated sheet can be inferred from the model reflected as an anti-phase synchronized state. Note that the coupling strength is equivalent to the electromagnetic forces of the individual molecules. Critical clustering coupling strength has been analytically derived. Statistical techniques are imposed to impart an energy perspective of the model. We found that the relaxation time of the model plays a vital role in protein folding. We quote that ‘The quicker the folding, the lesser the entropy’. We validate the model using pathological data of breast carcinoma obtained from https://proteinatlas.org.
The Construction of a Five-Dimensional Theoretical Model of Advanced Health Assessment
Authors: Peng Gangyi , Chen Lianhua , Zhang Qian , Zhang Tiantian , Cai Zehua , Zhao Aihuang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Advanced nursing practice is the practice of clinical nursing specialists in a specific nursing discipline who apply theoretical and practical, research and evidence-based skills to the clinical nursing practice of solving complex patient health problems. Advanced health assessment is the primary link of advanced nursing practice and is a prerequisite for accurately assessing patients' health problems and making scientific, professional and independent nursing decisions. The purpose of the study is to construct a theoretical model of advanced health assessment.
Methods
The study conducts content analysis on clinical data and literature data in obstetrics, cardiovascular, pediatrics, gynecology, and geriatrics specialties.
Results
Based on the new purpose of medicine, the new orientation, the new pattern and the new value of nursing, a five-dimensional theoretical model of advanced health assessment was constructed, including 'disease condition', 'health status', 'physiological function', 'self-care ability' and 'complication and risk'.
Conclusions
A five-dimensional theoretical model of advanced health assessment was constructed. It can guide nurses in conducting comprehensive health assessments to identify patients' health problems and provide targeted and prospective nursing interventions, reduce the occurrence of complications, and improve patient outcomes.
Effect of different carbodiimide additives on the compatibility and hydrolytic behavior of PLA/PBAT blends
Authors: WANG Yang , CHEN Chen , LI Jun , HUANG Jinfei , XIONG Lulu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Blends of Polylactic acid (PLA) and Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) have great potential to replace conventional polyolefin and polyester materials. However, poor compatibility and fast degradation rate limit its development. In this paper, the effect of two monomer-type carbodiimides and one polymerized carbodiimide on the mechanical, crystalline, thermal stability, and hydrolysis properties of PLA/PBAT blends are investigated. Tested by FTIR, SEM, DSC, TGA, GPC, MFR, terminal carboxyl content, tensile properties and rotational torque. It is found that all the three carbodiimide additives improve the compatibility, enhance the mechanical, processing, and thermal stability properties of PLA and PBAT blends except for their reduced crystallization performance. Moreover, regarding the hydrolysis properties, the two monomeric carbodiimides exhibit little effect on the hydrolysis of PLA/PBAT blends, especially when the degradation conditions are alkaline, and even accelerate the degradation rate. Howover, the anti-hydrolysis effect of polycarbodiimide is remarkable, thus effectively enhancing the compatibility and anti-hydrolysis properties of PLA/PBAT blends, which is confirmed to be the most effective additive in this study.
Effect of hydrophobic monomers with different carbon chains on the structure–activity relationship of associating polyacrylamides
Authors: Yang Rong , Lai Xiaojuan , Li Qiying , Ding Xi , Wang Lei , Wen Xin , Guo Yan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

As temperature and salt-resistant materials, hydrophobically associating polymers can form a reversible spatial network structure through the interaction between their hydrophobic groups, effectively improve the viscosity of the polymer solution through association, and enhance the temperature and salt resistance of the polymer. Hydrophobically associating monomers have different effects on the properties of polymer solutions. Herein, acrylic acid, acrylamide, and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid were used as hydrophilic monomers. The three hydrophobic monomers with different carbon chain lengths were prepared by the bromination reaction. Hydrophobic associating polymers DQM1-PAM, DQM2-PAM, and DQM3-PAM were prepared by aqueous solution free-radical polymerization. The structure–activity relationship of the hydrophobic monomers with different carbon chain lengths on polymers was studied. It was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and 1H-NMR that the target product was successfully synthesized. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that with increasing hydrophobic carbon chain length, the hydrophobic microarea of molecular aggregation increased, forming a closer spatial network structure. Thermogravimetric and fluorescence tests revealed that with increasing hydrophobic carbon chain length of polymer molecules, the polymerization temperature resistance increased, intermolecular association degree increased, and critical association concentration decreased. Rheological property evaluation revealed that the viscosity of 0.5% polymer DQM1-PAM, DQM2-PAM, and DQM3-PAM was 71.32, 118.79, and 118.79 mPa·s after shearing at 120°C and 170 s− 1 for 1 h. With the increase in the carbon chain length, the retention rate of shear viscosity of polymer in a salt solution increased, showing good salt resistance. Concurrently, the molecular aggregation microarea of a solution with 0.5% polymer, degree of molecular chain action, viscoelasticity of the solution (G' > G''), and thixotropic area all increased. The performance of polymer solution can be improved by modifying hydrophobically associating polymers with long carbon chains, which has a broader application.
Evaluation of micronutrient status in pediatric palliative care clinic: a single-center cross-sectional study
Authors: Onur Derşan , Sadıkoğlu Sunanur Çiftçi , Harputluoğlu Nilgün , Özkan Behzat 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Pediatric palliative care (PPC) patients are at an elevated risk of malnutrition. Nutritional inadequacy can also cause micronutrient deficiencies. These factors can lead to weight loss, stunted growth, and poor quality of life. Despite the prevalence of these issues, limited research exists in the micronutrient status of PPC patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the micronutrient levels of PPC patients to contribute to a better understanding of their micronutrient needs as well as the appropriate management of diet and treatment approaches.
Methods
This was a single-center observational cross-sectional retrospective study. This study evaluated the levels of vitamin B12, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, iron, ferritin, folate, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium in PPC patients. The patients were classified according to the Chronic Complex Conditions (CCC) v2 and then compared.
Results
A total of 3,144 micronutrient data points were collected from 822 hospitalizations of 364 patients. At least one micronutrient deficiency was identified in 96.9% of the patients. The most prevalent deficiencies were observed for iron, calcium, and phosphate. In addition, 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency was observed in one-third of patients. Calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, folate, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were negatively correlated with age.
Conclusion
The results of this study indicate that micronutrient deficiencies are highly prevalent in PPC patients. These findings have the potential to contribute to improvements in the nutritional and therapeutic management of patients.
Health knowledge after stroke in Switzerland: A survey on current practice and suggestions for the implementation of a technology-based educational program
Authors: Devittori Giada , Peduzzi Mosè , Dinacci Daria , Rossi Paolo , Petrillo Claudio , Gassert Roger , Lambercy Olivier 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Stroke affects every year several million people, and it is estimated that 1 in 4 stroke survivors has a second stroke. Educating stroke patients about risk factors for stroke and a generally healthier lifestyle may help prevent recurrent strokes, which are a burden on society and the healthcare system. Technology-based education (i.e., health information delivered by digital platforms such as smartphones or rehabilitation technologies) can help to improve health knowledge among stroke patients by reaching a large number of people without creating additional work for the already overburdened healthcare professionals. However, the methods for optimally delivering information with the help of technology, as well as the actual content that should be conveyed, remain unclear. The goals of this paper were to investigate the estimated level of knowledge of stroke patients regarding their disease, the methods of information commonly used in clinical practice, the topics that should be included in an educational program aimed at improving health knowledge among stroke survivors, and how such a program could be delivered with the help of a rehabilitation technology.
Methods
We performed a survey among health professionals working with stroke patients in Switzerland.
Results
161 health professionals of different backgrounds took part in the survey, and 94 completed it. According to the results, 47% of healthcare professionals considered stroke patients to be somehow informed about stroke after one month from stroke onset, and only 33% thought that patients were well informed. These findings suggest that there is room for improvement in how stroke patients are educated about stroke, risk factors, and prevention. Additionally, it was highlighted that technology is not commonly used in clinical practice to support patients’ education, although this is an acceptable method for healthcare professionals. The results also helped to identify key topics to be included in an educational program and the methods that could be used when implementing such a program in rehabilitation technologies.
Conclusions
This work allowed gaining more insight into healthcare professionals’ opinions on the potential of technology-based education and key aspects to consider when implementing it to support health knowledge after stroke and prevent recurrent strokes.
Feasibility of the Circuit Checklist as an easy gross motor assessment for preschool children using recorded videos: a pilot study
Authors: Zeidan Hala , Bandara Anuradhi , Irie Keisuke , Mukaiyama Kohei , Yamashita Reika , Aoyama Tomoki 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Motor development of children is variable. Equally, motor impairments are also variable, making screening and assessments of motor abilities and motor delays difficult, especially during early childhood development in a school setting. Several assessment methods for motor function exist from performance tests to questionnaires, done by therapists, teachers, or parents. However, such assessments may be expensive, time consuming for the teachers and the children, difficult to conduct in a group setting, and the results are controversial.
Purpose
To test the feasibility of a Circuit Checklist for gross motor assessment in a school setting.
Methods
We enchained exercises into a circuit play and created a detailed checklist of these movements and tested the motor function of children in a special needs’ classroom. Then we calculated its concurrent validity with the Gross Motor Score (GMS) of Movement Assessment Battery for Children − 2nd edition (MABC-2) using Pairwise correlation, test-retest reliability using test-retest correlation, inter-rater reliability between two testers using inter-rater correlation, and the internal consistency of the circuit checklist items using Cronbach’s alpha.
Results
We found that seven circuit movements and their checklist items are valid and have a moderate correlation of 0.6421 with GMS of MABC-2, a high degree of precision in the estimates of inter-rater reliability (range: 0.589–0.856), and a moderate internal consistency (Cronbach’s Alpha: 0.666).
Conclusion
This Circuit Checklist could be a useful first step tool to screen motor impairments of preschool children, in a school setting. Ultimately, the checklist items would be useful to create a motion capture screening tool more practically used in classrooms.
A Novel Oral Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader TFX06 Suppresses In Vivo Growth of ESR1 Wild-Type and Mutant Tumors
Authors: Fang Douglas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

ER+ breast cancer (BC) patients frequently develop drug resistance during the treatment with endocrine therapy (ET). One of the mechanisms for drug resistance is acquired ESR1 mutations. Thus, developing effective new ET overcoming drug resistance is urgently needed. We disclose herein TFX06, a novel and oral selective estrogen receptor degrader. TFX06 exhibited potent ERα antagonism, induced ERα degradation, and inhibited the proliferation of ESR1 wild-type and mutant BC cells in vitro. In vivo, TFX06 demonstrated single-agent antitumor activity, as well as synergized with palbociclib, against both ESR1 wild-type and mutant BC xenograft tumors in mice. In addition, TFX06 exhibited a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic correlation in a xenograft tumor model. Furthermore, TFX06 did not stimulate the growth of uterine of immature rats, indicating that it’s a pure ER antagonist without agonist activity. Currently TFX06 is in phase I/II clinical development in patients to evaluate its safety and preliminary efficacy.
Immersive reality for robotic surgical training: a pilot study using 3D visors for immersive view of the operating field
Authors: Raja Carlotta La , Carvello Michele , Patti Riccardo , Siragusa Leandro , Foppa Caterina , Spinelli Antonino 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Immersive intracorporeal vision is a key feature of robotic surgery, limited today to only one trainee per operation when the dual console is available. We developed a tool that provides a virtually unlimited number of surgeons with the operator’s view, with the possibility to also watch the surgeon’s hand movements and the operating table. In this study we aim to assess trainees’ reaction to this innovative training method.
Methods: Medical students and surgery residents were offered an immersive experience with head mounted devices showing a didactic video in a 360° virtual space with 3D intracorporeal robotic vision, the surgeon’s hand movements and the surrounding operating room during a robotic rectal resection with total mesorectal excision. Subsequently, participants were asked to fill a questionnaire evaluating the user’s reaction to the new training tool including the validated System Usability Scale (SUS) and Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ), and non-validated questions.
Results: 102 participants took part to the training and the assessment questionnaires, 94 (92%) medical students and 8 (8%) surgery residents. Users’ feedback was overall positive. In the engagement and intention to use items almost 90% of the respondents voted for a complete or near complete agreement. The median SUS score was 80 [IQR 70-90]. The median SSQ score was 44.88 [IQR 22.44-82.28].
Conclusions: Exposing trainees to immersive robotic vision of the surgical field had a positive reaction from our audience. Our initial results encourage to further implement this technology in surgical training of medical students and residents to prove its efficacy.
Application of HRCT-based radiomics to predict interstitial lung disease for juvenile dermatomyositis
Authors: Liu Lingke , Hu Minfei , Zhou Yun , Zheng Fei , Ma Xiaohui , Yang Li , Xu Yiping , Teng Liping , Hu Bin , Lu Meiping , Xu Xuefeng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a severe complication of juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM). Therefore, early lung involvement identification is essential. Radiomics is a new image analysis technique and might offer valuable information for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease in juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM-ILD)
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 56 children with JDM, and all participants gave written informed consent. These children were divided into the JDM group (n = 32) and JDM-ILD group (n = 24) based on chest high-resolution CT (HRCT). The lung intelligence kit (LK) software was used to outline the bilateral lung tissue structure automatically. The radiomics score combining with clinical variables was used to establish a prediction model for JDM-ILD.
Results: A total of seven radiomics features including the maximum, mean, skewness, and kurtosis features for the First Order Features, the InverseVariance feature for the Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) Features, the Size Zone NonUniformity Normalized feature for the Gray Level Size Zone Matrix（GLSZM）Features, and the Run Entropy feature for the Gray Level Run Length Matrix (GLRLM) Features were identified. The multivariable logistic regression revealed that anti-MDA5 antibody and radiomics score showed a significant correlation with the development of ILD in children with JDM. The combined prediction model based on radiomics score and anti-MDA5 antibody achieved good performance in predicting JDM-ILD in the training (0.92, 95% CI 0.82-1.00) and validation (0.93, 95% CI 0.83-1.00) groups.
Conclusion:The nomogram combining radiomics and clinical variables achieved an optimal prediction of ILD in children with JDM. This prediction model based on radiomics would contribute to making better clinical decisions.
Early Dental Visit Affects Dental Treatment in Korean Preschool Children Born Preterm: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Authors: Park Jin Ah , Jun Hye Lim , Lee Myeongjee , Choi Hyung-Jun , Jung In kyung , Kang Chung-Min 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of early dental visit on subsequent dental treatments in preterm infants and whether there was a significant difference in dental treatment between children born preterm and full-term (FT). National data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service in Korea were analyzed. Prescription codes related to dental treatments were collected. This study included 3,354,662 patients under age 6 years, who were categorized by gestational age: extremely preterm (EPT), very preterm (VPT), and late preterm (LPT). In the preterm group, the percentage of children with no dental visits was 63.87% although the preterm group visited the dentist earlier than the FT group (EPT = 2.84, VPT = 2.78, LPT = 2.52, FT = 3.9 years old). Glass ionomer and 1-visit pulpectomy were significantly higher in the preterm group than in the FT group (p < 0.001). Preschool children who had their first dental visit after age 2 years received any dental treatment earlier than those who visited the dentist before age 1 year (p < 0.001). Early dental visits in infants may delay the timing of dental treatments and reduce their severity, suggesting the importance of early dental screenings for efficient dental management in preterm infants.