bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative effectiveness of sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors and dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors in improvement of fatty liver index in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease: A retrospective nationwide claims database study in Japan
Authors: Shikamura Mitsuhiro , Takayama Atsushi , Takeuchi Masato , Kawakami Koji 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo date, there are limited clinical studies and real‐world evidence investigating whether sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are associated with improved hepatic steatosis. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of SGLT2i compared with that of dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors (DPP4i) in improving the fatty liver index (FLI) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).Materials and MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included new users of SGLT2i or DPP4i with T2DM and MASLD from a large claims database (JMDC Claims Database). The primary outcome was the incidence of improvement of the FLI. Cox proportional hazard models, weighted using propensity scores for predicting the initiation of treatment, were fitted to estimate hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Time‐course changes in the FLI values were also assessed.ResultsThis study included 9127 SGLT2i and 12 286 DPP4i initiators. SGLT2i showed a higher incidence of improvement in the FLI (≥30%, ≥40% and ≥50% reduction from baseline FLI) compared with DPP4i, and the weighted hazard ratios were 1.27 (95% CI 1.18‐1.38), 1.24 (95% CI 1.13‐1.37) and 1.19 (95% CI 1.05‐1.33), respectively. SGLT2i indicated a greater decreased in FLI values compared with DPP4i at up to 3 years of the follow‐up period.ConclusionSGLT2is use appeared to be associated with a greater improvement of the FLI than DPP4i use in patients with T2DM and MASLD. In the absence of direct head‐to‐head comparisons from clinical studies, our study, using real‐world data, may support physicians' decision‐making in clinical practice.
Doppler‐derived pulmonary pulse transit time measurements in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Reproducibility and cardiopulmonary function
Authors: Löffler Friederike , Westhoff‐Bleck Mechthild , Welte Tobias , Park Da‐Hee , Olsson Karen M , Behrendt Lea , Klimeš Filip , Bauersachs Johann , Wacker Frank , Pöhler Gesa Helen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionDoppler‐derived pulmonary pulse transit time (pPTT) is an auspicious hemodynamic marker in chronic pulmonary diseases. The aim is to compare four distinct pPTT measurements and its relation to right cardiac and pulmonary function.MethodsProspectively, 25 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients (four patients excluded) and 32 healthy subjects underwent repeated distinct pPTT measurements, standard echocardiography, and pulmonary function testing on the same day. pPTT was defined as the interval from the R or Q‐wave in the electrocardiogram to the corresponding pulse wave Doppler peak late systolic (S) 2 or diastolic (D) pulmonary vein flow velocity (pPTT R‐S, Q‐S, R‐D, Q‐D). Reproducibility was assessed using Bland–Altman analysis, coefficient of variation (COV), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and power calculations. Associations with right ventricular RV tissue and pulse wave Doppler velocities (RV E', RV S', RV A', RV E, RV A, RV E/E', RV E/A), TAPSE, right ventricular fractional area change, left ventricular systolic and diastolic function (LV ejection fraction, E, A, E/A, E/E', septal E', lateral E'), LA diameters, as well as forced expiratory volume in 1 s, forced vital capacity (FVC) predicted (%), and in liters were analyzed.ResultsThere was no significant difference and no bias between pPTT measures (p range: .1–.9). COV was in COPD 1.2%–2.3%, in healthy subjects 1.0%–3.1%. ICC ranged from .92 (COPD) to .96 (healthy subjects). In COPD significant correlations were found for pPTT R‐S, Q‐S and R‐D with RV E`, (all > ρ: .49, < p = .0364), pPTT R‐S, Q‐S with RV E/E` (both > ρ: .49, < p = .0291), pPTT Q‐S with RV S´ (ρ: .58, p = .0134), RV A (ρ: .59, p = .0339) and heart rate > ρ: −.39, < p = .0297). pPTT R‐S, R‐D showed significant correlations with FVC predicted (%) (ρ: .48 p = .0224) and FVC (l) (ρ:.47 p = .0347).ConclusionsAll pPTT measures exhibited high reproducibility. In COPD patients pPTT measures correlate with diastolic right ventricular function. Defining Q as starting point seems clinically advantageous considering electromechanical desynchrony in patients with conduction disorders.
An open pilot trial of a behavioural intervention to reduce violence by young adults with early psychosis receiving treatment in an early intervention services setting: A protocol
Authors: Rolin Stephanie A. , Caffrey Deirdre , Flores Megan G. , Pope Leah G. , Mootz Jennifer , Bello Iruma , Nossel Ilana , Compton Michael T. , Stanley Barbara , Wainberg Milton , Dixon Lisa B. , Appelbaum Paul S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsDespite the public health impact of violence among young adults with psychosis, behavioural interventions to reduce the risk of engaging in violence remain rare. For young adults with early psychosis, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)‐based psychotherapy has efficacy in reducing impairment and improving functioning. However, no CBT‐based intervention to reduce violence has been formally adapted for young adults with early psychosis. This protocol outlines the first clinical trial of a behavioural intervention to reduce violence for young adults with early psychosis. This study is set in an early intervention services (EIS) setting and seeks to adapt and pilot Psychological Intervention for Complex PTSD and Schizophrenia‐Spectrum Disorder (PICASSO), a CBT‐based intervention, through an iterative process utilizing mixed‐methods assessments.MethodsAll research will occur at OnTrackNY, the largest EIS program in the United States. This study will consist of an open pilot trial, with four EIS clinicians delivering the intervention to one to two EIS participants per round. In this mixed‐methods study, both quantitative measures (acceptability, feasibility and hypothesized mediators of target outcome collected on a weekly basis) and qualitative interviews (with EIS clinicians at weeks 4, 8 and 12) will be conducted. Transcripts will be analyzed using thematic content analysis. Two to three rounds of iterative modifications are anticipated (n = 10–16 EIS participants total).ResultsRecruitment began in February 2024 and is expected to continue over a 9–12‐month period.ConclusionsBecause violent behaviour causes interpersonal disruptions such as incarceration and increased caregiver burden, an innovative intervention to reduce violence risk could have broader health impact for this vulnerable population. Adapting the PICASSO intervention to the EIS setting will optimize its acceptability and feasibility by the intended target population.
First report of the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Greece
Authors: Kapantaidaki Despoina Ev. , Partsinevelos Georgios , Milonas Panagiotis 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, 1898 (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), commonly known as the cotton mealybug or solenopsis mealybug, is a highly polyphagous species. This paper provides the first report of this species in Greece. It was detected in high numbers on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants cultivated in a greenhouse in the region of Mirtos, close to the city of Ierapetra in the Southeast part of the island of Crete. The species identification was carried out using morphological and molecular analyses. The fact that P. solenopsis can be transferred easily via trade of live plant material, in combination with its ability to affect many different hosts causing severe damage, constitutes an increasing threat to Greek cultivation and especially to horticultural and vegetable crops. Additional surveys should be conducted to investigate the species distribution in Greece.
Nonlinear dynamical system approximation and adaptive control based on hybrid‐feed‐forward recurrent neural network: Simulation and stability analysis
Authors: Shobana R. , Kumar Rajesh , Jaint Bhavnesh 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe proposed an online identification and adaptive control framework for the nonlinear dynamical systems using a novel hybrid‐feed‐forward recurrent neural network (HFRNN) model. The HFRNN is a combination of a feed‐forward neural network (FFNN) and a local recurrent neural network (LRNN). We aim to leverage the simplicity of FFNN and the effectiveness of RNN to capture changing dynamics accurately and design an indirect adaptive control scheme. To derive the weights update equations, we have applied the gradient‐descent‐based Back‐Propagation (BP) technique, and the stability of the proposed learning strategy is proven using the Lyapunov stability principles. We also compared the proposed method's results with those of the Jordan network‐based controller (JNC) and the local recurrent network‐based controller (LRNC) in the simulation examples. The results demonstrate that our approach performs satisfactorily, even in the presence of disturbance signals.
A new mutation in the Parkinson's‐related FBXO7 gene impairs mitochondrial and proteasomal function
Authors: Navarro Elisa , Esteras Noemí 
Published: May 2024

Around 10% of Parkinson's disease (PD) cases are associated with mutations in various genes, including FBXO7, which encodes the substrate‐recognition component for the Skp1‐Cullin‐F‐box (SCF) class of ubiquitin E3 ligases that target proteins for proteasomal degradation. In their recent study, Al Rawi et al. characterized a new mutation in FBXO7, L250P, in a pediatric patient. Their findings reveal that the L250P mutation abolishes Fbxo7 interaction with the proteasome regulator, proteasome inhibitor 31kD (PI31), affecting proteasomal activity and the ubiquitination of some of the ligase's targets. Furthermore, the authors show that this previously undescribed mutation impairs mitochondrial function and mitophagy, emphasizing the importance of mitochondrial and proteasomal dysfunction in PD pathogenesis.
Multiaxial fatigue assessment of welded joints: A review of Eurocode 3 and International Institute of Welding criteria with different stress analysis approaches
Authors: Ng Chin Tze , Sonsino Cetin Morris , Susmel Luca 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper reviews quantitively the multiaxial fatigue assessment of steel and aluminum welded joints, focusing on Eurocodes (ECs) and the recommendations of the International Institute of Welding (IIW). Extensive fatigue data under constant and variable amplitude loading are reanalyzed using stress analysis approaches such as nominal stress, hot spot stress, and effective notch stress. Evaluation of the ECs and IIW criteria reveals an effective assessment of multiaxial fatigue, with a satisfactory level of conservatism. Further research is needed especially for variable amplitude (VA) loading to enhance the precision and reliability of assessments, contributing to improved design practices and structural integrity in welded joint applications.
Suspension of Short‐lasting, Unilateral, Neuralgiform headache attacks with Conjunctival injection and Tearing (SUNCT) symptoms with ayahuasca and serotonergic psychedelics
Authors: Leighton Jonathan , Petignat Cyril , McGeeney Brian E. 
Published: May 2024

Plain Language SummaryA suicidal patient with Short‐lasting Unilateral Neuralgiform headache attacks with Conjunctival injection and Tearing (SUNCT) whose excruciating condition did not respond to various treatments discovered that ayahuasca, a psychoactive concoction used by indigenous populations of South America, caused his attacks to cease entirely. Inhaled N,N‐dimethyltryptamine (DMT), the principal psychoactive component of ayahuasca, also caused symptoms to disappear temporarily, as did a strong dose of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). This case study supports the potential of serotonergic psychedelics for the treatment of SUNCT and related headache disorders.
Modelling student issues with MOOCs using TISM‐P linkages
Authors: Khera Shikha N. , Pawar Himanshu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo date, student issues with Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have only been explored in context‐specific environments. Mainstream problems such as declining student motivation during a course, massive student dropout rates, accountability, user experience, etc., persist due to the permutations and combinations of these issues. Literature is replete with a deep understanding of such problems, but the causal relationships among these issues are less focused upon. We delve into these problems by studying the interrelations among student issues that cause such problems. Garnering insights from students (N = 149) and using Total Interpretive Structural Modelling with Polarity (TISM‐P), the study has established direct and transitive relations among nine detrimental MOOC‐related student issues. The results of the study depict clear positive, negative and transitive relationships between the student issues. Matrice d'Impacts croises‐multipication applique' an classment (MICMAC) analysis was also used to assess the driving and dependence power of all issues that further allowed the model to trace out negative and positive pathways of influence. The model constructed in the study will provide a platform for future research to test these interconnections as independent factors affecting problems such as dropout rates, motivation, etc. Therefore, the TISM‐P model could further be explored to understand the behaviour of such issues, which might have far‐reaching consequences on major existing problems with MOOCs.
Local and landscape drivers of natural enemy communities in Indonesian oil palm plantation
Authors: Rizali Akhmad , Karindah Sri , Rahardjo Bambang Tri , Nurindah  , Sahari Bandung 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Oil palm plantations are typically managed in a monoculture system over large areas. This system contributes to biodiversity loss and promotes pest outbreaks by reducing natural enemies. However, ecosystem functions in oil palm plantations vary spatially and temporally and can still support biodiversity under certain conditions.
We conducted a study on the species richness, abundance and species composition of natural enemies in oil palm plantations and investigated the factors influencing natural enemy communities in oil palm plantations at both local and landscape scales. We selected 12 sites in an oil palm plantation in Central Borneo, Indonesia, which were grouped into 4 sub‐areas based on the presence of natural habitats, which varied in local and landscape characteristics. Arthropods were sampled using canopy knockdown fogging with a pyrethroid insecticide.
Different taxa of natural enemies responded differently to changes in habitat characteristics within oil palm plantations. Species richness of spiders was not affected by either local or landscape scale, but their species composition was affected by oil palm tree age (local scale) and the total edge of dominant oil palm tree age (landscape scale). Ant species richness was influenced by the class area of natural habitat (landscape scale), whereas their species composition was not influenced by either local or landscape scale. On the other hand, species richness of parasitoid wasps was influenced by light intensity (local scale) and the variation of oil palm tree age within a landscape (landscape scale). However, their species composition was only affected by light intensity.
The results suggest that oil palm management practices need to consider both local and landscape scales to maintain biodiversity and biological control and to achieve sustainable management of oil palm plantations.
The greater the challenge, the more diverse the community must be to solve it – the case of the agri‐food system
Authors: Sloan Ken 
Published: May 2024

SummaryThis paper examines the significant challenges that the agri‐food industry faces if it is to secure the skilled workforce needed to meet the requirement to massively expand food production across the globe. It highlights the significant role that specialist universities and higher education universities play in identifying, nurturing and equipping people with the knowledge and skills required by industry. It also highlights the complex practical and intellectual challenges the food industry faces in meeting the future food needs of the planet's inhabitants. It argues for the need for better story‐telling and collaboration across universities and industry to inspire more people to see this sector as a destination.
Consumer involvement and guiding frameworks in mental healthcare: An integrative literature review
Authors: Ahlstrand Anita , Mishina Kaisa , Elomaa‐Krapu Minna , Joronen Katja 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPerspectives of healthcare have, in past decades, focused more on active citizenship, human rights and empowerment. Healthcare consumer involvement as a concept is still unstructured and consumers have no apparent opportunities to participate in their care processes. The focus is often on the expertise of professionals, even if mental health consumers are willing to become involved and have sufficient decisional capacity. The aim of this integrative literature review was to construct an understanding of consumer perceptions and guiding frameworks of consumer involvement. There was no previous synthesis of mental health consumer perceptions combined with guiding frameworks. An integrative review methodology was employed, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. The quality of the 18 studies included was analysed with the Whittemore and Knafl approach. By following Braun and Clarke's guidelines, an inductive thematic analysis was conducted to collate the themes from the selected papers. Mental health consumers' perceptions of involvement included expectations of person‐centred care, such as respect, dignity, equal interaction, supportive environments and being part of a community. This research did not find any single established framework to give clear guidelines for consumer involvement in mental healthcare, but similar determinants describing various frameworks were uncovered. This review also shows how the terminology has changed throughout the years. The perceptions of mental health consumers need to be considered to enable the implementation of person‐centredness from guidelines through to practice. Paying more attention to the education of professional mental health caregivers and the involvement of mental health consumers in their care provides better opportunities to co‐develop successful mental health services and recovery processes.
Comparative Effectiveness of Baloxavir Marboxil and Oseltamivir Treatment in Reducing Household Transmission of Influenza: A Post Hoc Analysis of the BLOCKSTONE Trial
Authors: Ikematsu Hideyuki , Baba Takamichi , Saito Masaya M. , Kinoshita Masahiro , Miyazawa Shogo , Hata Ayano , Nakano Saki , Kitanishi Yoshitake , Hayden Frederick G. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe transmission of influenza virus in households, especially by children, is a major route of infection. Prior studies suggest that timely antiviral treatment of ill cases may reduce infection in household contacts. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of oseltamivir (OTV) and baloxavir marboxil (BXM) treatment of index cases on the secondary attack rate (SAR) of influenza within household.MethodsA post hoc analysis was done in BLOCKSTONE trial—a placebo‐controlled, double‐blinded post‐exposure prophylaxis of BXM. Data were derived from the laboratory‐confirmed index cases' household contacts who received placebo in the trial and also from household members who did not participate in the trial but completed illness questionnaires. To assess the SAR of household members, multivariate analyses adjusted for factors including age, vaccination status, and household size were performed and compared between contacts of index cases treated with BXM or OTV.ResultsIn total, 185 index cases (116 treated with BXM and 69 treated with OTV) and 410 household contacts (201 from trial, 209 by questionnaire) were included. The Poisson regression modeling showed that the SAR in household contacts of index cases treated with BXM and OTV was 10.8% and 18.5%, respectively; the adjusted relative reduction in SAR was 41.8% (95% confidence interval: 1.0%–65.7%, p = 0.0456) greater with BXM than OTV. Similar reductions were found in contacts from the trial and those included by questionnaire.ConclusionBXM treatment of index cases appeared to result in a greater reduction in secondary household transmission than OTV treatment.
Origin of strong piezoelectric enhancement in bismuth titanate‐ferrite for high‐temperature applications
Authors: Wang Qian , Liang En‐Meng , Wang Chun‐Ming 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAdvancing the development of high‐temperature piezoelectric devices requires high‐performance piezoelectric materials with high Curie temperature, where charge signals can be efficiently collected at elevated temperatures. Recent investigations indicate that bismuth titanate‐ferrite (Bi5Ti3FeO15) is a good high‐temperature piezoelectric material because of its high Curie temperature (TC > 760°C). However, the piezoelectric performance of Bi5Ti3FeO15‐based compounds has not been extensively studied because of their extremely poor piezoelectric performance and low direct current electrical resistivity at elevated temperatures. Herein, we reported the strong piezoelectric performance enhancement in Bi5Ti3FeO15, with the nominal compositions of Bi5‐xEuxTi3FeO15 (BTF‐100xEu). X‐ray diffraction Rietveld refinements and Raman spectra reveal an enhanced lattice distortion in europium‐substituted Bi5Ti3FeO15, which is mainly dominated by rotation distortion. The increased domain wall density that detected by out‐of‐plane piezoelectric force microscopy is in favor of domain wall movement and polarization reversal. Both of the enhanced lattice distortion and the increased domain wall density contribute to the piezoelectric enhancement in Bi5Ti3FeO15, as a result, the optimal composition of BTF‐8Eu exhibits a large piezoelectric constant d33 of 24 pC/N, three times higher than that of Bi5Ti3FeO15. Importantly, BTF‐8Eu exhibits high TC of 782°C, excellent in‐situ piezoelectric response (>94% that of the initial value at room temperature), and stable electromechanical coupling properties up to 400°C. This work reveals the origin of strong piezoelectric enhancement in europium‐substituted Bi5Ti3FeO15 results from the intrinsic contribution of structure distortion and the extrinsic contribution of ferroelectric domain.