bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capacitive and ohmic RF NEMS switches based on vertical carbon nanotubes
Authors: Ziaei A. , Charles M. , Le Baillif M. , Xavier S. , Caillard A. , Cojocaru C.S. 
Published: December 2010

The objective is to demonstrate a reproducible carbon nanotube (CNT)-based technology for radio frequency (RF) switch working in the range of 40–60 GHz and fulfilling the specifications: low losses, high isolation, and an operating voltage below 30 V. The first processed component had an operating voltage of 14 V for an ohmic contact in a Nano-Electro Mechanical System (NEMS) tweezer design. This result is confirmed by theory with an operating voltage of 13 V. A capacitive-contact NEMS is also developed using multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) coated with a SiO2 dielectric layer deposited by electron beam induced deposition method (EBID). High Frequency Simulation Software (HFSS) RF-simulation on an innovative NEMS geometry shows encouraging results with transmission ratios between “on” state and “off” state up to 34% for ohmic-contact switch and 25% for a capacitive-contact switch.
Food Intake Increases Resting Muscle Oxygen Consumption As Measured By Near‐infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Ueda Chihoko , Hamaoka Takafumi , Murase Norio , Sako Takayuki , Murakami Motohide , Kime Ryotaro , Homma Toshiyuki , Nagasawa Takeshi , Samejima Mitsuhiro , Ichimura Shiro , Moriguchi Tetsushi , Katsumura Toshihito 
Published: December 2010

The purpose of this study was to quantitatively examine the changes in muscle oxygen consumption (VO2mus) after food intake as measured by near‐infrared continuous wave spectroscopy (NIRcws). Six healthy male subjects were given a meal with a calculated total energy content of 10 kcal/kg body. VO2mus was measured from 15 min to 150 min after they finished eating. VO2mus in the finger flexor muscles was estimated by the rate of deoxygenation during arterial occlusion using NIRcws. The absolute value of VO2mus was calculated using each subject's resting metabolic rate measured by 31Phosphorus‐magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P‐MRS). Deep tissue temperature (TD) was also monitored in the forearm same area. The control experiment followed the same protocol but without meal. There was a significant increase in VO2mus: pre‐meal value was 1.47 ± 0.17 μM O2/s, post‐meal peak value (post 120 min) was 2.31 ± 0.38 μM O2/s (p <. 05 vs. pre). In contrast, the control experiment did not show any increase. There was no significant difference in TD between the two experiments. The results indicate that food intake induced a significant increase in VO2mus. NIRcws can be used to provide specific information about changes in localized muscle metabolism elicited by food intake.
AUTOMATIC DETERMINATION OF STELLAR PARAMETERS VIA ASTEROSEISMOLOGY OF STOCHASTICALLY OSCILLATING STARS: COMPARISON WITH DIRECT MEASUREMENTS
Authors: Quirion Pierre-Olivier , Christensen-Dalsgaard Jørgen , Arentoft Torben 
Published: December 2010

ABSTRACT
Space-based projects are providing a wealth of high-quality asteroseismic data, including frequencies for a large number of stars showing solar-like oscillations. These data open the prospect for precise determinations of key stellar parameters, of particular value to the study of extra-solar planetary systems. Given the quantity of the available and expected data, it is important to develop efficient and reliable techniques for analyzing them, including the determination of stellar parameters from the observed frequencies. Here we present the SEEK package developed for the analysis of asteroseismic data from the Kepler mission. A central goal of the package is to obtain a fast and automatic determination of the stellar radius and other parameters in a form that is statistically well defined. The algorithms are tested by comparing the results of the analysis with independent measurements of stellar radius and mass for a sample of well-observed stars. We conclude that the SEEK package fixes stellar parameters with accuracy and precision.
RNA–RNA interaction prediction based on multiple sequence alignments
Authors: Li Andrew X. , Marz Manja , Qin Jing , Reidys Christian M. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Motivation: Many computerized methods for RNA–RNA interaction structure prediction have been developed. Recently, O(N6) time and O(N4) space dynamic programming algorithms have become available that compute the partition function of RNA–RNA interaction complexes. However, few of these methods incorporate the knowledge concerning related sequences, thus relevant evolutionary information is often neglected from the structure determination. Therefore, it is of considerable practical interest to introduce a method taking into consideration both: thermodynamic stability as well as sequence/structure covariation.
Results: We present the a priori folding algorithm ripalign, whose input consists of two (given) multiple sequence alignments (MSA). ripalign outputs (i) the partition function, (ii) base pairing probabilities, (iii) hybrid probabilities and (iv) a set of Boltzmann-sampled suboptimal structures consisting of canonical joint structures that are compatible to the alignments. Compared to the single sequence-pair folding algorithm rip, ripalign requires negligible additional memory resource but offers much better sensitivity and specificity, once alignments of suitable quality are given. ripalign additionally allows to incorporate structure constraints as input parameters.
Availability: The algorithm described here is implemented in C as part of the rip package. The supplemental material, source code and input/output files can freely be downloaded from http://www.combinatorics.cn/cbpc/ripalign.html.
Contact: duck@santafe.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Algorithms for sorting unsigned linear genomes by the DCJ operations
Authors: Jiang Haitao , Zhu Binhai , Zhu Daming 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Motivation: The double cut and join operation (abbreviated as DCJ) has been extensively used for genomic rearrangement. Although the DCJ distance between signed genomes with both linear and circular (uni- and multi-) chromosomes is well studied, the only known result for the NP-complete unsigned DCJ distance problem is an approximation algorithm for unsigned linear unichromosomal genomes. In this article, we study the problem of computing the DCJ distance on two unsigned linear multichromosomal genomes (abbreviated as UDCJ).
Results: We devise a 1.5-approximation algorithm for UDCJ by exploiting the distance formula for signed genomes. In addition, we show that UDCJ admits a weak kernel of size 2k and hence an FPT algorithm running in O(22kn) time.
Contact: bhz@cs.montana.edu
Effects of an Industrial Milling Process on Change of Headspace Volatiles in Yihchuan Aromatic Rice
Authors: Liu Tai‐Ti , Yang Tsung‐Shi 
Published: December 2010

ABSTRACTHeadspace volatiles of Yihchuan aromatic rice, a japonica rice cultivar, were extracted by a solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) method and analyzed by GC and GC‐MS. Effects of fiber types and an industrial milling process on the change of headspace volatiles were studied. Of the fiber types, divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS), polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB), and carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS) were suggested for use in the analysis headspace volatiles in terms of absorption or adsorption ability. Regarding the milling effect, the amount of total headspace volatiles from brown rice to white rice decreased ≈30%, and that of aldehydes and alcohols, the two largest groups of volatiles, decreased ≈20 and 15%, respectively. Comparatively, rice bran contained higher amounts of total headspace volatiles than milled rice grains.
Study of Energy Metabolism of Skeletal Muscles in Alcoholic Liver Disease—Expired Gas Analysis During Exercise
Authors: Shiraishi Koichi , Motegi Shigeyuki , Nagaoka Reiko , Ogasawara Fusao , Saito Tetsuro , Watanabe Mitsuyuki , Matsuzaki Shohei 
Published: December 2010

Abstract: Background: The effects of chronic alcohol intake on skeletal muscle are clinically observed as muscle cramps with decrease in the amount of muscle. It was clarified by expired gas analysis that acute alcohol load affects disturbed energy metabolism of skeletal muscle. We studied abnormal energy metabolism of skeletal muscles in alcoholic liver diseases using expired gas analysis.Methods: Subjects of the study were five inpatients with alcoholic liver disease (fatty liver: one case, hepatic fibrosis: one case, liver cirrhosis: three case). Expired gas analysis during exercise was performed using AEROMONITOR. Minute ventilation, oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide output were monitored, and anaerobic threshold (AT) and respiratory compensation point (RCP) were calculated.Results: The anaerobic threshold, which is the limit of the aerobic exercise, was significantly reduced in patients with alcoholic disease (p < 0.01). The respiratory compensation point, which is the limit of the metabolic compensation of intracellular lactic acidosis, was decreased (p < 0.01).Conclusions: The results of expired gas analysis during exercise indicate that the aerobic energy metabolism of skeletal muscle had been disturbed in alcoholic liver disease. The reduced RCP suggests that the lactate metabolism in skeletal muscle is also disturbed in alcoholic liver disease. Expired gas analysis during exercise allows determination of the amount of exercise required to treat liver diseases through analysis of AT.
Relationship Between Ethanol Consumption Level and Lifestyle Status: Excessive Ethanol Consumption Can Account for the Prevalence of Lifestyle‐Related Diseases
Authors: Yokoyama Hirokazu 
Published: December 2010

Abstract:Background:Diseases caused by unhealthful lifestyles, namely lifestyle‐related diseases demands prompt solutions including preventive measures and effective treatment, especially in the developed countries. To that effect, clear understandings of such syndromes are required. Our recent observations have indicated that insulin resistance could, at least in part, account for the pathogenesis of lifestyle‐related diseases. The aim of this study was to clarify whether excessive ethanol consumption could also be another cause of such diseases.Method:Lifestyle status was assessed based on Breslow's questionnaires of lifestyle index in 519 Japanese males aged 30 to 65 years. Averaged ethanol consumption level was determined by additional questionnaires and insulin resistance level was estimated by homeostasis model assessment.Results:Ethanol consumption level was inversely associated with the total score on Breslow's lifestyle index. Improper drinking manner was associated with improper habit of smoking and proper habit of eating snacks among six lifestyle factors induced in Breslow's index.Conclusion:Subjects with more unhealthful lifestyles consumed greater amount of ethanol, suggesting that excessive ethanol consumption could be one of causes of lifestyle‐related diseases. In addition to insulin resistance syndrome, alcohol‐related diseases should be cared to address the issues of lifestyle‐related diseases.
Effect of Bromhexine Hydrochloride Therapy for Alcoholic Chronic Pancreatitis
Authors: Tsujimoto Tatsuhiro , Tsuruzono Takuya , Hoppo Kazushige , Matsumura Yoshinobu , Yamao Jyunichi , Fukui Hiroshi 
Published: December 2010

Abstract: Background: Abstinence is a prerequisite for the treatment of alcoholic chronic pancreatitis, but there are patients who have repeated attacks because of their inability to abstain and the consequent congestive effects of the continued alcohol intake on pancreatic juice. Bromhexine hydrochloride, a bronchial mucolytic, has an affinity for acinar cells and causes them to secrete pancreatic juice of low viscosity.Methods: Twelve patients with alcoholic chronic pancreatitis, who were unable to abstain from drinking, were administered bromhexine hydrochloride for 6 months to assess its therapeutic efficacy.Results: Of 12 patients administered bromhexine, 8 (67%) reported symptomatic improvement, and all patients showed improvement in the levels of pancreatic enzymes. Pancreatic exocrine function also tended to improve, but no improvement of pancreatic endocrine function was detected. Although none of the pancreatic stones present in some patients disappeared, a protein plug present in one patient disappeared, accompanied by improvement in the irregular outline of the lumen of the main pancreatic duct.Conclusion: Bromhexine hydrochloride may be a new for the morbidity of chronic pancreatitis, in which there is increased viscosity of the pancreatic juice and formation of a protein plug.
Enhancing collaborative learning through dynamic forms of support: the impact of an adaptive domain‐specific support strategy
Authors: Karakostas A. , Demetriadis S. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractResearch on computer‐supported collaborative learning (CSCL) has strongly emphasized the value of providing student support of either fixed (e.g. collaboration scripts) or dynamic form (e.g. adaptive supportive interventions). Currently, however, there is not sufficient evidence corroborating the potential of adaptive support methods to improve domain‐knowledge acquisition in collaborative activities. Furthermore, available adaptive CSCL systems are difficult to integrate in everyday instruction because most of them are research prototypes. This study investigates the capacity of an adaptive support strategy [implemented in the open source Learning Activity Management System (LAMS) environment] to further improve learning outcomes in the context of a scripted collaborative activity. Thirty‐six students collaborated remotely in dyads on a task structured by a collaboration script. Control group dyads worked without any additional support. Treatment dyads were supported by a domain‐specific adaptive intervention in the form of reminding prompts. Treatment students outperformed those in the control group in domain knowledge acquisition. Overall, this study provides evidence that (1) adaptive forms of domain‐specific support can substantially improve learning in the context of a scripted collaborative activity; and (2) implementing simple forms of adaptive support is feasible and can be easily implemented by instructors in a freely available collaboration support system (such as LAMS).
Suppressors of DnaAATP imposed overinitiation in Escherichia coli
Authors: Charbon Godefroid , Riber Leise , Cohen Malene , Skovgaard Ole , Fujimitsu Kazuyuki , Katayama Tsutomu , Løbner‐Olesen Anders 
Published: December 2010

SummaryChromosome replication in Escherichia coli is limited by the supply of DnaA associated with ATP. Cells deficient in RIDA (Regulatory Inactivation of DnaA) due to a deletion of the hda gene accumulate suppressor mutations (hsm) to counteract the overinitiation caused by an elevated DnaAATP level. Eight spontaneous hda suppressor mutations were identified by whole‐genome sequencing, and three of these were analysed further. Two mutations (hsm‐2 and hsm‐4) mapped in the dnaA gene and led to a reduced ability to initiate replication from oriC. One mutation (hsm‐1) mapped to the seqA promoter and increased the SeqA protein level in the cell. hsm‐1 cells had prolonged origin sequestration, reduced DnaA protein level and reduced DnaA‐Reactivating Sequence (DARS)‐mediated rejuvenation of DnaAADP to DnaAATP, all of which could contribute to the suppression of RIDA deficiency. Despite of these defects hsm‐1 cells were quite similar to wild type with respect to cell cycle parameters. We speculate that since SeqA binding sites might overlap with DnaA binding sites spread throughout the chromosome, excess SeqA could interfere with DnaA titration and thereby increase free DnaA level. Thus, in spite of reduction in total DnaA, the amount of DnaA molecules available for initiation may not be reduced.
Prevalence of nucleic acid sequences specific for human parvoviruses, hepatitis A and hepatitis E viruses in coagulation factor concentrates
Authors: Modrow S. , Wenzel J. J. , Schimanski S. , Schwarzbeck J. , Rothe U. , Oldenburg J. , Jilg W. , Eis‐Hübinger A. M. 
Published: December 2010

Background and Objectives  Due to their high resistance to inactivation procedures, nonenveloped viruses such as parvovirus B19, human bocavirus (HBoV), human parvovirus 4 (PARV4), hepatitis A (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) pose a particular threat to blood products. Virus transmission to patients treated with blood products presents an additional burden to disease. We determined the frequency and the amount of nucleic acid specific for nonenveloped viruses in recently manufactured preparations of commercial coagulation factor concentrates.Materials and Methods  At least three different batches of each of 13 different plasma‐derived and recombinant coagulation factor products were tested for the presence and the amount of nucleic acid for parvovirus B19, HBoV, human parvovirus 4, hepatitis A virus and HEV by using quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Results  Whereas none of the recombinant products tested positive for any of these viruses, parvovirus B19 DNA with amounts ranging between 2 × 101 and 1.3 × 103 genome equivalents/ml was detected in five plasma‐derived products. In addition to parvovirus B19 genotype 1, genotypes 2 and 3 were observed in two batches of a factor VIII/von‐Willebrand factor product. In two products (one factor VIII concentrate and one activated prothrombin complex concentrate), a combination of both genotypes 1 and 2 of parvovirus B19 was detected.Conclusion  The data show that nucleic acids from several relevant nonenveloped viruses are not found at detectable levels in coagulation factor concentrates. In some cases, parvovirus B19 DNA was detectable at low levels. Testing of the plasma pools for the full range of parvovirus genotypes is advocated for ensuring product safety.
The Application of hCG, CPH and Ovopel in Successful Artificial Reproduction of Goldfish (Carassius auratus auratus) Under Controlled Conditions
Authors: Targońska K , Kucharczyk D 
Published: December 2010

ContentsArtificial reproduction of fish is one of the main goals of aquaculture production. The aim of this study is to optimize the method of goldfish reproduction under controlled conditions by comparing the effectiveness of carp pituitary homogenate (CPH), Ovopel and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), administered as a one‐off dose and inducing two spawns in the same fish within a short time period. Goldfish spawners were stimulated with hCG, CPH and Ovopel, and the results were compared to the fish from the control group, comprised of unstimulated fish. In another experiment, spawn were induced twice within an interval of 21 days with the same group of fish. The best results in the first experiment in terms of the percentage of ovulating females and survival to the eyed‐egg stage were achieved after administering hCG (100% and 88.7%, respectively). However, the highest fecundity was observed in fish stimulated with Ovopel (89 960 eggs/kg). It was shown in the second experiment that female goldfish produce higher weight of eggs during the first spawning, but the number of eggs/BW ratio was higher during the next reproduction process. Survival, both that of embryos to the eyed‐egg stage and that of spawners, is higher during the first reproduction act.
MODEL SELECTION CRITERIA FOR LOGLINEAR MODELS
Authors: Bedrick Edward J. , Crandall Winston K. 
Published: December 2010

SummaryConsiderable work has been devoted to developing model selection criteria for normal theory regression models. Less attention has been paid to discrete data. We develop two loglinear model selection criteria for Poisson counts. These criteria are based on an estimated bias adjustment of the Akaike information criterion. We observe in a simulation study that the corrected statistics provide good model choices and relatively accurate estimates of the mean structure.
Food habits of school pupils in Tromsø, Norway, in the transition from 13 to 15 years of age
Authors: Øvrebø Else Marie 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the development of food habits in adolescents in Tromsø, whether pupil behaviour regarding food habits had changed in tenth grade compared with eighth grade, and whether this was linked to pupils' Home Economics lessons in ninth grade.A total of 606 adolescents (321 boys and 285 girls) were studied on two different occasions – 2002 and 2005. A food‐frequency questionnaire comprising 16 different food and beverage groups was used. The questionnaire also enquired about food habits, the amounts of some food items consumed and the socio‐economic conditions of the participants and their families.The frequency of eating breakfast, lunch and dinner decreased from eighth to tenth graders. Tenth graders ate chocolate and snacks more often than eighth graders. Girls reported eating fruits and vegetables more often than boys. This applies to both eighth and tenth graders. Far more pupils from both groups need to eat more fruits and vegetables every day.The conclusion of the study is that food habits change significantly from the eighth to the tenth grade. Further progress must be achieved in addressing the issue of translating the theory of nutritional education into practice. More studies and evidence are required to understand the potential of the Home Economics curricula to change the unhealthy eating trends seen in this and other studies.
TWENTY YEARS OF HUMAN RESEARCH ETHICS COMMITTEES IN THE BALTIC STATES
Authors: DRANSEIKA VILIUS , GEFENAS EUGENIJUS , CEKANAUSKAITE ASTA , HUG KRISTINA , MEZINSKA SIGNE , PEICIUS EIMANTAS , SILIS VENTS , SOOSAAR ANDRES , STROSBERG MARTIN 
Published: December 2010

ABSTRACTTwo decades have passed since the first attempts were made to establish systematic ethical review of human research in the Baltic States. Legally and institutionally much has changed. In this paper we provide an historical and structural overview of ethical review of human research and identify some problems related to the role of ethical review in establishing quality research environment in these countries. Problems connected to (a) public availability of information, (b) management of conflicts of interest, (c) REC composition and motivation of REC members, and (d) differing levels of stringency of ethical review for different types of studies, are identified. Recommendations are made to strengthen cooperation among the Baltic RECs.
Use of microdebrider bronchoscopy for the treatment of endobronchial leiomyoma
Authors: Wahla Ali Saeed , Khan Irtaza , Bellinger Christina , Haponik Edward , Conforti John Frank 
Published: December 2010

AbstractAims:  Pulmonary leiomyomas are rare benign tumors that may cause symptoms when they spread endobronchially. Traditionally they were managed surgically or through interventional bronchoscopy with the aid of thermal modalities to assist in debulking of tumor. We report the novel use of microdebrider bronchoscopy to debulk an endobronchial leiomyoma in a symptomatic patient.Method/Results:  The microdebrider successfully débrided the endobronchial leiomyoma.Conclusion:  This modality can be successfully employed when oxygenation is an issue, preventing use of thermal modalities. In addition, use of microdebrider not only reduced procedure time but also decreased the risk of airway fire and damage to adjacent normal tissue in our patient.Please cite this paper as: Wahla AS, Khan I, Bellinger C, Haponik E and Conforti JF. Use of microdebrider bronchoscopy for the treatment of endobronchial leiomyoma. Clin Respir J 2011; 5: e4–e7.