bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxidative stress related changes in the brain of hypercholesterolemic rabbits
Authors: Aytan Nurgül , Tamtürk Faruk , Kartal‐özera Nesrin , Jung Tobias , Grune Tilman 
Published: August 2009

AbstractIn recent years, there has been increasing evidence that cholesterol plays a role in the pathology of Alzheimer disease. Since hypercholesterolemia was reported to increase the levels of reactive oxygen species and Alzheimer disease has clearly involved an oxidative component, it is possible that hypercholesterolemia is via increased oxidant production facilitating the disease development of the neurodegenerative disease. Therefore, we tested in an established model of enhanced cholesterol feed in rabbits the effects of serum cholesterol increase on oxidative stress parameters as well in serum as in the brain. In addition to that we tested the effects of vitamin E on the cholesterol‐induced oxidative stress. Since Alzheimer disease is largely connected with increased protein oxidation whereas cholesterol is rather connected with lipid peroxidation processes, we tested both protein carbonyl levels and the formation of malondialdehyde, a marker of lipid peroxidation. We could clearly demonstrate an increase in serum malondialdehyde due to high cholesterol feeding, which is accompanied by an increase in protein oxidation parameters in the brain, especially in the hippocampus. Therefore, we suggest that specific neuropathological changes occur during the feeding of hypercholesterolemic diet.
Modulation of palmitic acid‐induced cell death by ergothioneine: Evidence of an anti‐inflammatory action
Authors: Laurenza Incoronata , Prato Stefano Del , Benzi Luca , Colognato Renato , Migliore Lucia 
Published: August 2009

AbstractInflammation and reactive oxygen species have been implicated in pathogenesis of vascular diabetic complications. However, treatment with classic free‐radical scavengers and antioxidants has not been yet proved to reduce the risk of developing such complications. In search of more effective treatment we have tested the protective role of Ergothioneine (EGT), in vitro, on C2C12 cells model on FFA‐induced lipotoxicity. Cells were incubated for 24 h in the presence of palmitic acid (PA) (250, 500, 750, 1000 μM), added as pro‐oxidant compound, with or without 24‐h pre‐treatment with EGT. Cells were assessed for cell viability and MAPKs expression by Western Blot. Pre‐treatment with EGT resulted in greater cell viability at each PA concentration (EGT 500 μM: 5, 16, 17, 23% and EGT 1000 μM: 9, 18, 21 and 25%). In response to PA exposure, p38 and JNK activity increased significantly while EGT prevented such activation. Moreover the analysis of the IL‐6 production reveal that EGT is also able to exert anti‐inflammatory action inhibiting the PA IL‐6 modulation (P < 0.001). In conclusion, these results indicate that 1. EGT has a protective role on PA‐induced cell death, possibly via 2. reduced activity of MAPKs cascade having also 3. an anti‐inflammatory action exerted on the IL‐6 modulation.
Oak leaf extract as topical antioxidant: Free radical scavenging and iron chelating activities and in vivo skin irritation potential
Authors: Almeida Isabel F. , Amaral M. Helena , Costa Paulo C. , Bahia M. Fernanda , Valentão Patriacia , Andrade Paula B. , Seabra Rosa M. , Pereira Teresa M. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe topical application of antioxidants may be beneficial for the protection of the skin against UV damage. An extract of Quercus robur leaves was prepared and evaluated considering its putative application as topical antioxidant. The solvent and extractive method selection was monitored by 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and polyphenols extraction (measured by the Folin Ciocalteu assay). Iron chelating activity and the phenolic composition (HPLC/DAD) were assessed on the extract obtained under optimized conditions. Skin irritation potential was investigated by performing an in vivo patch test in 19 volunteers. The extraction solvent which resulted in the highest activity was ethanol:water (4:6) and thus it was selected for further preparation of this extract. The IC50a for the iron chelation and DPPH scavenging assays were 153.8 ± 26.3 μg.mL−1 and 7.53 ± 0.71 μg.mL−1 (mean ± SD), respectively. The total phenolic content was found to be 346.3 ± 6.7 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g extract (mean ± SD). Three phenolic compounds were identified in the extract namely: ellagic acid, rutin and hyperoside. The major identified component was ellagic acid. The patch test carried out showed that the extract can be regarded as safe for topical application.
Oxidoreductase macrophage migration inhibitory factor is simultaneously increased in leukocyte subsets of patients with severe sepsis
Authors: Lehmann Lutz E. , Weber Stefan U. , Fuchs Dagmar , Klaschik Sven , Stüberb Frank , Schewe Jens‐Christian , Hoeft Andreas , Book Malte 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe oxidoreductase Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) is discussed as a promising target for immunomodulatory therapy in patients with severe sepsis. Moreover, MIF expresses tautomerase as well as thiol‐protein oxidore‐ductase activities and has a potential role in cellular redox homeostasis, apoptosis inhibition, endotoxin responsiveness as well as regulation of nuclear transcription factors.To further elucidate a potential role of intracellular MIF in severe sepsis, we assessed alterations of intracellular MIF content in peripheral blood leukocytes of patients with severe sepsis in comparison to healthy controls and non‐septic patients after major surgery. Intracellular MIF was significantly elevated simultaneously in lymphocytes, B‐cells, macrophages and granulocytes of patients with severe sepsis when compared to healthy control individuals (p < 0.05) and increased when compared to non‐septic patients after major surgery. In parallel, plasma MIF levels were elevated in severe sepsis (p < 0.05). There was no difference of intracellular MIF in lymphocytes, B‐cells, macrophages or granulocytes between surviving and non‐surviving patients with severe sepsis (p > 0.05). However, in survivors LPS ex vivo stimulation increased MIF secretion but not in non‐survivors of sepsis (p < 0.05). This finding underlines the role of intracellular MIF in inflammatory diseases. It suggests monitoring of intracellular MIF in further clinical and non‐clinical research valuable.
Expression of ß‐carotene 15,15′‐monooxygenase gene and retinol status in rats with puromycin aminonucleoside‐induced nephrosis
Authors: Takitani Kimitaka , Matsumura Hideki , Nakakura Hyogo , Ashida Akira , Tamai Hiroshi 
Published: August 2009

AbstractRetinol and its metabolite retinoic acid play a critical role in immunity, reproduction, and development. Retinoids are known to influence renal development, and show beneficial effects in experimental models of renal disease. ß‐Carotene (provitamin A) is cleaved to retinal by ß‐carotene 15,15′‐ monooxygenase (BCM), which is an essential enzyme for retinoid biosynthesis. However, the metabolism of retinol and ß‐carotene in renal diseases such as nephrosis remains unclear. We studied BCM gene expression and retinol status in rats with nephrotic syndrome induced by puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN).BCM gene expression in the liver and intestines of PAN‐treated rats was decreased compared with that in controls, while the expression in the kidney of PAN‐treated animals was increased. Plasma retinol and retinol‐binding protein levels were decreased in PAN‐treated rats, but hepatic retinol level did not differ between PAN‐treated and control rats. Up‐regulation of BCM gene expression in the kidneys of rats with nephrotic syndrome may result in increased conversion of ß‐carotene to retinal, so this change might supply more retinoic acid to the damaged glomeruli. Changes in the metabolism of retinol and ß‐carotene might have an important role in protection against the development of nephrosis.
Oxidative stress markers in oral lichen planus
Authors: Battino M. , Greabu M. , Totan A. , Mohora M. , Bullon P. , Bucur A. , Totan C. , Tovaru S. , Parlatescu I. , Didilescu A. , Spinu T. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractOral lichen planus (OLP) is a relatively common disorder whose cause is still unknown. Oral cancer is preceded in most cases by pre malignant lesions‐leukoplasia, submucous fibrosis and lichen planus. Free radicals and reactive oxygen species play important roles in both pathogenesis of lichen planus and carcinogenesis. Thus monitoring systemic and saliva compounds important for the antioxidant defence (oxidative balance) could be important for the clinician's treatment strategy. Thorough medical management and early active treatment are necessary to improve symptoms and might also be a relevant prevention strategy from squamous cell carcinoma risk, although data to fully support this statement still need investigation. The principal aim of this study was to determine the systemic uric acid, GGT, and albumin levels as well as the levels of uric acid and albumin in 20 patients diagnosed with lichen planus and 20 controls. Extensive medline search failed to reveal any study of this type. Our results showed a significant decrease of saliva (p < 0.005) uric acid and an increase in serum gamma glutamyl transpherase (GGT) (p < 0.01) as well as in the total antioxidant capacity of saliva in patient group with respect to the control one. The preliminary conclusion of our study is that uric acid, the most important salivary antioxidant and GGT could be considered in the future as useful markers of oxidative stress for elaboration of treatment strategy and monitoring.
Chemical and biological studies of Ribes nigrum L. buds essential oil
Authors: Oprea Eliza , Farcasanu Ileana Cornelia , Rǎdulescu Valeria , Balotescu Carmen , Bucur Marcela , Lazar Veronica , Mladin Paulina 
Published: August 2009

AbstractRibes nigrum buds are used in medicine for the diuretic and antiseptic properties of their volatile compounds. We present in this paper comparative data concerning the chemical composition of Ribes nigrum buds essential oils obtained from three blackcurrant varieties. Essential oils were isolated by steam distillation and were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The Ribes nigrum essential oils (extracted from all three varieties) exhibited similar and large antibacterial spectrum, acting against Acinetobacter (A.) baumanii, Escherichia (E.) coli, Pseudomonas (P.) aeruginoasa and Staphylococcus (S.) aureus, as proved by the very low MIC values observed for the respective strains. The subinhibitory concentrations of the essential oils induced a decrease in the bacterial ability to colonize the inert substratum for A. baumanii, E. coli and S. aureus, demonstrating that besides the bactericidal activity, the Ribes nigrum essential oils also exhibit anti‐pathogenic potential.
Advances in functional research of antioxidants and organoleptic traits in berry crops
Authors: Carbone Fabrizio , Mourgues Fabienne , Perrotta Gaetano , Rosati Carlo 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBerry species are economically‐important crops worldwide and represent an invaluable source of vitamins and other health‐related compounds. Species belonging to the families Rosaceae, Ericaceae and Grossulariaceae provide the most popular fruits, showing a strong diversity in natural and breeding populations as to berry traits (fruit type, size, color, flavor, antioxidant capacity), resistance to a/biotic stress, adaptation to different environment/culture conditions. The small genome size of most diploid berry genera is a remarkable feature for last‐generation genomics technologies, molecular genetics and functional studies. This review will cover the literature dealing with molecular research in berry crops, focusing on antioxidant‐ and flavor‐related compounds.
Screening and identification of putative allergens in berry fruits of the Rosaceae family: Technical challenges
Authors: Marzban Gorji , Maghuly Fatemeh , Herndl Anita , Katinger Hermann , Laimer Margit 
Published: August 2009

AbstractCross‐reactive proteins in small fruits of the Rosaceae family like strawberry, raspberry and blackberry revealed an unexpected complex IgE‐reactivity pattern. Several copies of PR‐10 and PR‐14 proteins were detected by Southern blots in strawberry, raspberry and blackberry. In raspberry, the highest similarity at the DNA level for PR‐10 and PR‐14 (Rub i 1 and Rub i 3) was detected to strawberry sequences of Fra a 1 and Fra a 3. At the protein level, Rub i 1 and Rub i 3 showed more than 70% identity with homologous proteins of rosaceous fruits. Furthermore, raspberries contained additional putative allergens, e.g. class III acidic chitinases and cyclophilins. Blackberries were shown to share at least two well‐known major fruit allergens with other rosaceous fruits, namely PR‐10s and PR‐14s homologous proteins. However the IgE‐reactive proteins of small fruits are still not extensively investigated. The main challenges in studying small fruit allergens are the complexity of the fruit matrix, the diversity of physico‐chemical properties of fruit proteins, the lack of appropriate protein extraction procedures and the missing information about the influence of processing treatments on food components.
Folate content in different strawberry genotypes and folate status in healthy subjects after strawberry consumption
Authors: Tulipani Sara , Romandini Stefania , Suarez José M. Alvarez , Capocasa Franco , Mezzetti Bruno , Battino Maurizio , Busco Franco , Bamonti Fabrizia , Novembrino Cristina 
Published: August 2009

AbstractFolate is a micronutrient essential in a variety of biological processes, and an adequate dietary folate intake seems to play a crucial role in health promotion and disease prevention. The importance of strawberry as a natural food source of folate has been recognised only recently, and few pilot studies have investigated the impact of strawberry intake on human folate status. In this study, firstly, we evaluated the folate content of different commercial varieties (Alba, Irma, Patty, Adria, Sveva) and advanced selections (AN99.78.51; AN94.414.52; AN00.239.55) of strawberry. Significant differences were observed among genotypes, confirming the breeding approach as a reliable tool to increase folate content in strawberry. Secondly, the variety Sveva was selected for a medium‐term strawberry consumption study, in order to check if a 2‐weeks strawberry intake could have any effects on folate status and plasma homocysteine levels, in healthy subjects. An average 3.4% increase in serum folate was observed, however without any statistical significance, as shown by reference change value of each analyte in each subject. This study should be considered as a first pilot investigation, and further investigations are strongly hoped to evaluate the potential impact of strawberry consumption on human folate status, particularly in the case of a previously diagnosed deficiency.
Recent Progress in Strategies for the Creation of Protein‐Based Fluorescent Biosensors
Authors: Wang Hangxiang , Nakata Eiji , Hamachi Itaru 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe creation of novel bioanalytical tools for the detection and monitoring of a range of important target substances and biological events in vivo and in vitro is a great challenge in chemical biology and biotechnology. Protein‐based fluorescent biosensors—integrated devices that convert a molecular‐recognition event to a fluorescent signal—have recently emerged as a powerful tool. As the recognition units various proteins that can specifically recognize and bind a variety of molecules of biological significance with high affinity are employed. For the transducer, fluorescent proteins, such as green fluorescent protein (GFP) or synthetic fluorophores, are mostly adopted. Recent progress in protein engineering and organic synthesis allows us to manipulate proteins genetically and/or chemically, and a library of such protein scaffolds has been significantly expanded by genome projects. In this review, we briefly describe the recent progress of protein‐based fluorescent biosensors on the basis of their platform and construction strategy, which are primarily divided into the genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors and chemically constructed biosensors.
Silver–Ethene Complexes [Ag(η2‐C2H4)n][Al(ORF)4] with n=1, 2, 3 (RF=Fluorine‐Substituted Group)
Authors: Reisinger Andreas , Trapp Nils , Knapp Carsten , Himmel Daniel , Breher Frank , Rüegger Heinz , Krossing Ingo 
Published: August 2009

AbstractCompounds including the free or coordinated gas‐phase cations [Ag(η2‐C2H4)n]+ (n=1–3) were stabilized with very weakly coordinating anions [A]− (A=Al{OC(CH3)(CF3)2}4, n=1 (1); Al{OC(H)(CF3)2}4, n=2 (3); Al{OC(CF3)3}4, n=3 (5); {(F3C)3CO}3Al‐F‐Al{OC(CF3)3}3, n=3 (6)). They were prepared by reaction of the respective silver(I) salts with stoichiometric amounts of ethene in CH2Cl2 solution. As a reference we also prepared the isobutene complex [(Me2CCH2)Ag(Al{OC(CH3)(CF3)2}4)] (2). The compounds were characterized by multinuclear solution‐NMR, solid‐state MAS‐NMR, IR and Raman spectroscopy as well as by their single crystal X‐ray structures. MAS‐NMR spectroscopy shows that the [Ag(η2‐C2H4)3]+ cation in its [Al{OC(CF3)3}4]− salt exhibits time‐averaged D3h‐symmetry and freely rotates around its principal z‐axis in the solid state. All routine X‐ray structures (2θmax.<55°) converged within the 3σ limit at CC double bond lengths that were shorter or similar to that of free ethene. In contrast, the respective Raman active CC stretching modes indicated red‐shifts of 38 to 45 cm−1, suggesting a slight CC bond elongation. This mismatch is owed to residual librational motion at 100 K, the temperature of the data collection, as well as the lack of high angular data owing to the anisotropic electron distribution in the ethene molecule. Therefore, a method for the extraction of the CC distance in [M(C2H4)] complexes from experimental Raman data was developed and meaningful CC distances were obtained. These spectroscopic CC distances compare well to newly collected X‐ray data obtained at high resolution (2θmax.=100°) and low temperature (100 K). To complement the experimental data as well as to obtain further insight into bond formation, the complexes with up to three ligands were studied theoretically. The calculations were performed with DFT (BP86/TZVPP, PBE0/TZVPP), MP2/TZVPP and partly CCSD(T)/AUG‐cc‐pVTZ methods. In most cases several isomers were considered. Additionally, [M(C2H4)3] (M=Cu+, Ag+, Au+, Ni0, Pd0, Pt0, Na+) were investigated with AIM theory to substantiate the preference for a planar conformation and to estimate the importance of σ donation and π back donation. Comparing the group 10 and 11 analogues, we find that the lack of π back bonding in the group 11 cations is almost compensated by increased σ donation.
Hybrid capture 2 human papillomavirus DNA testing for women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance papanicolaou results in SurePath and ThinPrep specimens
Authors: Siddiqi Anwer , Spataro Michael , McIntire Holly , Akhtar Israh , Baliga Mithra , Flowers Rhyne , Lin E , Guo Ming 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing using Hybrid Capture 2 assay with ThinPrep Papanicolaou (Pap) collection is the only US Food and Drug Administration‐approved method for the triage of women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS). Although SurePath Pap collection has been used for Hybrid Capture 2 HPV DNA testing, clinical validation of this method has been scarce.METHODS:From a cervical cancer‐screening program in Mississippi, we analyzed data from screenings of 8380 women with ASCUS Pap results who underwent reflex Hybrid Capture 2 HPV DNA tests during a course of 4 years. Of these, 4145 were screened with the ThinPrep collection system, and 4235 were screened with SurePath. Results of follow‐up biopsies within 3 months of Pap tests were available for the ThinPrep group (229 cases) and the SurePath group (455 cases). Hybrid Capture 2 positive rates and the follow‐up biopsy results from both groups were compared.RESULTS:Hybrid Capture 2 detected high‐risk HPV DNA in 68.8% of ThinPrep and 66.7% of SurePath‐collected specimens (P = .37). Detection rates for CIN2+ and CIN3+ were also comparable between ThinPrep (21.4%, 3.1%) and SurePath (15.4%, 4.2%) using Hybrid Capture 2 (P = .06, P = .45). In ThinPrep‐collected specimens, 4.4% were quantitatively insufficient for Hybrid Capture 2 testing. Significantly more equivocal Hybrid Capture 2 results were observed in SurePath (11.4%) than in ThinPrep specimens (3.2%). However, 67.4% of women with equivocal Hybrid Capture 2 results had negative 1‐year Pap cytology follow‐up in the SurePath group.CONCLUSIONS:Hybrid Capture 2 positive rates and CIN2‐3 detection rates were comparable for the SurePath and ThinPrep Pap collection systems, thus supporting the use of SurePath for Hybrid Capture 2 testing. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
A survey on performance management for internet applications
Authors: Guitart Jordi , Torres Jordi , Ayguadé Eduard 
Published: August 2009

AbstractInternet applications have become indispensable for many business and personal processes, turning the performance of these applications into a key issue. For this reason, recent research has comprehensively explored mechanisms for managing the performance of these applications, with special focus on dealing with overload situations and providing QoS guarantees to clients. This paper makes a survey on the different proposals in the literature for managing Internet applications' performance. We present a complete taxonomy that characterizes and classifies these proposals into several categories including request scheduling, admission control, service differentiation, dynamic resource management, service degradation, control theoretic approaches, works using queuing models, observation‐based approaches that use runtime measurements, and overall approaches combining several mechanisms. For each work, we provide a brief description in order to provide the reader with a global understanding of the research progress in this area. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Layered crystals of apo‐ and holoferritin grown by alternating crystallization
Authors: Nanev Chr. N. , Dimitrov I. L. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractWe report on the use of alternating crystallization for deposition of layers of different (though closely related) proteins in a single crystal. Investigations were carried out with the unique protein couple consisting of two forms of ferritin, apoferritin and holoferritin from horse spleen, which, despite being of quite different molecular masses, still possess identical organic shells. Crystals of both proteins were used as substrates for subsequent contiguous growth of the partner protein in perfect alignment. We observed continuous growth of combined (onion‐like) single crystals; artificial structures of biological macromolecules can be designed in this way. The homoepitaxial layered growth shows in an unambiguous way that protein crystallization depends only on the surface protein conformation and amino‐acid composition, but not on the internal molecule structure. The limitations of protein crystal growth for designing layered structures of biological macromolecules were revealed by growing of heterogeneous protein crystals onto pre‐existing protein crystalline substrates. Tetragonal crystals of hen egg‐white lysozyme were grown onto cubic apoferritin crystals used as substrates. It was observed that the lysozyme crystals were not lattice‐matched to the ‘host’ apoferritin crystals; this led to mere aggregates of different crystals. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)