bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel influenza (H1N1) infection in pediatric renal transplant recipients: A single center experience
Authors: Frieling Michelle L. , Williams Angela , Al Shareef Turki , Kala Gunjeet , Teh Jun Chuan , Langlois Valerie , Allen Upton D. , Hebert Diane , Robinson Lisa A. 
Published: September 2011

Frieling ML, Williams A, Al Shareef T, Kala G, Teh JC, Langlois V, Allen UD, Hebert D, Robinson LA. novel influenza (H1N1) infection in pediatric renal transplant recipients: A single center experience.  Pediatr Transplantation 2012: 16: 123–130. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  In 2009, novel influenza A H1N1 caused significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in children. Because they are immunocompromised, pediatric transplant recipients are presumed to be at high risk. This study assessed epidemiological characteristics, presenting symptoms, and clinical course among pediatric renal transplant recipients with confirmed H1N1 infection. A retrospective review was conducted in renal transplant recipients followed at The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto) who contracted H1N1 infection between June and November, 2009. Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory features at presentation, and clinical course were analyzed. Of 59 children, 14 (23.7%) developed H1N1 infection. Children with H1N1 infection had undergone kidney transplantation more recently than their uninfected counterparts. The most common symptoms included fever (92.9%), cough (85.7%), headache (42.9%), and vomiting (42.9%). Fifty percent of patients required hospitalization, of median duration 3.0 (1.0–5.0) days. No child required intensive care treatment. Half the H1N1‐infected children had acute renal dysfunction, with serum creatinine elevated >10% above basal values (median increase 21.6 [14.3–46.2]%). In five of the seven children, serum creatinine returned to baseline within two wk. These findings indicate that H1N1 influenza infection in pediatric kidney transplant recipients followed at our center was surprisingly mild, and produced no lasting sequelae.
Factors influencing blood loss and allogeneic blood transfusion practice in craniosynostosis surgery
Authors: van Uitert Allon , Megens Johanna H. A. M. , Breugem Corstiaan C. , Stubenitsky Bart M. , Han K. Sen , de Graaff Jurgen C. 
Published: September 2011

SummaryObjective/Aims:  To identify factors influencing perioperative blood loss and transfusion practice in craniosynostotic corrections.Background:  Craniosynostotic corrections are associated with large amounts of blood loss and high transfusion rates.Methods:  A retrospective analysis was performed of all pediatric craniosynostotic corrections during the period from January 2003 to October 2009. The primary endpoint was the receipt of an allogeneic blood transfusion (ABT) during or after surgery. Pre‐, intra‐, and postoperative data were acquired using the electronic hospital registration systems and patients’ charts.Results:  Forty‐four patients were operated using open surgical techniques. The mean estimated blood loss during surgery was 55 ml·kg−1. In 42 patients, red blood cells were administered during or after surgery with a mean of 38 ml·kg−1. In 23 patients, fresh frozen plasma was administered with a mean of 28 ml·kg−1. A median of two different donors per recipient was found. Longer duration of surgery and lower bodyweight were associated with significantly more blood loss and red blood cell transfusions. Higher perioperative blood loss and surgery at an early age were correlated with a longer duration of admission.Conclusions:  In this study, craniosynostotic corrections were associated with large amounts of blood loss and high ABT rates. The amount of ABT could possibly be reduced by appointing a dedicated team of physicians, by using new less‐invasive surgical techniques, and by adjusting anesthetic techniques.
Septic lens implantation syndrome in a cat
Authors: Dalesandro Nicole , Stiles Jean , Miller Margaret 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA 13‐year‐old female spayed domestic shorthair cat was presented initially for a change in the appearance of the left eye. On initial examination, a small penetrating wound was suspected as the cause for a corneal scar, an anterior cortical incipient cataract and mild iritis. The cat was not re‐presented until 1 year later at which time ocular pain was marked. Severe anterior uveitis and glaucoma were diagnosed and the eye enucleated. Histopathology documented intralenticular coccoid bacteria and septic lens implantation syndrome.
Characterization of feline hereditary retinal dystrophies using clinical, functional, structural and molecular genetic studies
Authors: Narfström Kristina , Menotti Raymond Marilyn , Seeliger Mathias 
Published: September 2011

AbstractOnly in recent years have specific mutations been elucidated for feline hereditary retinal dystrophies. Molecular genetic characterization of feline diseases has so far been a slow process but with a full genome sequence for the cat recently completed and the development of a feline single nucleotide polymorphism chip, the characterization of feline monogenic disorders will be significantly simplified. This review summarizes current knowledge with regard to specific hereditary retinal dystrophies in cats and gives an overview of how cats can be used as models in translational research.
Orbito‐nasal cyst in a young European short‐haired cat
Authors: Zemljič Tadej , Matheis Franziska L. , Venzin Claudio , Makara Mariano , Grest Paula , Spiess Bernhard M. , Pot Simon A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPurpose To describe a case of an orbito‐nasal cyst in a cat.Procedure An 18‐month‐old male European short‐haired cat was presented to the Ophthalmology service of the Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich for a subcutaneous swelling in the medial canthal region of the right eye (OD). Ophthalmologic, ultrasound and CT examinations, and fine needle aspiration were performed. After lesion excision, the removed tissue was submitted for histopathology. CT examination was repeated 5 months after removal of the cyst.Results Ophthalmologic examination revealed a large fluctuant swelling inferonasal to OD. Despite patent lacrimal puncta, only the first few mm of the lacrimal canaliculi could be cannulated. A normal globe with moderate enophthalmos was present. Ultrasound examination showed a well‐defined lobulated cyst‐like structure in the right orbit, inferonasal and anterior to the eye. CT examination revealed extension of this lesion through the medial orbital wall into the right nasal cavity. Fine needle aspiration confirmed the cystic nature of the lesion. An orbito‐nasal cyst was diagnosed. The orbital part of the cyst was dissected from the surrounding tissue and excised from the periosteum in the medial orbital wall defect. Part of the maxillary bone was removed to allow removal of the cyst from the nasal cavity. Histologically, the cyst wall consisted of a single to multilayered, mostly cuboidal epithelium and surrounding connective tissue. Follow‐up revealed a good functional result and no recurrence 7 months after cyst removal.Conclusions Similar orbito‐nasal cystic structures were reported in dogs but not in cats.
After the randomised injectable opiate treatment trial: Post‐trial investigation of slow‐release oral morphine as an alternative opiate maintenance medication
Authors: BOND ALYSON J. , REED KYLIE D. , BEAVAN PETE , STRANG JOHN 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIntroduction and Aims. To establish if slow‐release oral morphine (SROM) is an acceptable maintenance medication in heroin users currently being prescribed injectable diamorphine, who are intolerant to supplementary methadone.Design and Methods. Case note review of interviews and medication details before and after change in medication in 12 treatment‐resistant chronic heroin users attending a supervised injecting clinic twice a day for prescribed injectable diamorphine plus supplementary oral methadone to ensure 24 h stability. SROM was substituted for oral methadone by cross‐titration. The patients' experiences of methadone treatment and expectations of SROM were recorded before the switch. Their responses to SROM and changes in injectable diamorphine requirements were recorded after a mean of 10 weeks' SROM treatment.Results. The patients described a dislike and intolerance of methadone but had positive expectations of SROM which they believed would allow them to reduce their diamorphine dose. The mean stable methadone : SROM maintenance dose ratio was 1:7.5. After 10 weeks' SROM treatment, the average daily diamorphine dose reduced from 382 mg to 315 mg and patients reported fewer cravings and improved sleep and well‐being.Discussion and Conclusions. Alternative forms of maintenance medication are required for patients who are intolerant to methadone. SROM is a valuable alternative which enabled some patients to reduce both their dose and number of injections of diamorphine. SROM treatment may therefore represent a route to stop injecting.[Bond AJ, Reed KD, Beavan P, Strang J. After the randomised injectable opiate treatment trial: Post‐trial investigation of slow‐release oral morphine as an alternative opiate maintenance medication. Drug Alcohol Rev 2012;31:492–498]
Oxygen–glucose deprivation and interleukin‐1α trigger the release of perlecan LG3 by cells of neurovascular unit
Authors: Saini Maxim G. , Pinteaux Emmanuel , Lee Boyeon , Bix Gregory J. 
Published: September 2011

J. Neurochem. (2011) 119, 760–771.AbstractTwo of the main stresses faced by cells at the neurovascular unit (NVU) as an immediate result of cerebral ischemia are oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD)/reperfusion and inflammatory stress caused by up regulation of IL‐1. As a result of these stresses, perlecan, an important component of the NVU extracellular matrix, is highly proteolyzed. In this study, we describe that focal cerebral ischemia in rats results in increased generation of laminin globular domain 3 (LG3), the c‐terminal bioactive fragment of perlecan. Further, in vitro study of the cells of the NVU was performed to locate the source of this increased perlecan‐LG3. Neurons, astrocytes, brain endothelial cells and pericytes were exposed to OGD/reperfusion and IL‐1α/β. It was observed that neurons and pericytes showed increased levels of LG3 during OGD in their culture media. During in vitro reperfusion, neurons, astrocytes and pericytes showed elevated levels of LG3, but only after exposure to brief durations of OGD. IL‐1α and IL‐1β treatment tended to have opposite effects on NVU cells. While IL‐1α increased or had minimal to no effect on LG3 generation, high concentrations of IL‐1β decreased it in most cells studied. Finally, LG3 was determined to be neuroprotective and anti‐proliferative in brain endothelial cells, suggesting a possible role for the generation of LG3 in the ischemic brain.
Perpendicular Pull‐Out Force of Locking Versus Non‐Locking Plates in Thin Cortical Bone Using a Canine Mandibular Ramus Model
Authors: Miller Emily I. , Acquaviva Anthony E. , Eisenmann David J. , Stone Richard T. , Kraus Karl H. 
Published: September 2011

ObjectiveTo compare the holding strength of a conventional plate‐screw construct with a locking plate‐screw construct in the thin cortical bone of the canine mandibular ramus.Study designMechanical study.AnimalsPaired cadaveric canine mandibles (n = 10 pairs).MethodsPerpendicular pull‐out testing was performed on 2.0‐mm limited‐contact dynamic compression plate (LC‐DCP)‐screw constructs and 2.0‐mm string‐of‐pearls (SOP) plate‐screw constructs applied to the ramus of the canine mandible. Pull‐out force was applied perpendicular to the long axis of the plates. Construct stiffness and load at failure were determined from load‐displacement curves and method of failure was determined from high speed digital video recordings. A paired t‐test was used to compare mean construct stiffness and load at failure between groups.ResultsSOP plate‐screw constructs had a significantly higher mean construct stiffness and load at failure than did LC‐DCP‐screw constructs. LC‐DCP constructs failed by screw pull‐out while bone slicing and fracture were prominent mechanisms of failure for SOP constructs.ConclusionsSOP plate‐screw constructs sustained a significantly higher perpendicular load at failure than did LC‐DCP‐screw constructs.
Periodontal health status and bacteraemia from daily oral activities: systematic review/meta‐analysis
Authors: Tomás Inmaculada , Diz Pedro , Tobías Aurelio , Scully Crispian , Donos Nikolaos 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAim:The aim of this study was to investigate the robustness of the observations on the influence of oral hygiene, gingival and periodontal status on the development of bacteraemia from everyday oral activities (B‐EOA), analysing its prevalence, duration, magnitude and bacterial diversity.Material and Methods:This systematic review/meta‐analysis complies with PRISMA reporting guidelines. MEDLINE‐PubMed, the Cochrane Library and Embase were explored for detecting studies on B‐EOA.Results:There were 290 potentially eligible articles, of which 12 article on B‐EOA fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were processed for data extraction (seven on toothbrushing, one on dental flossing and four on chewing). Evaluating the influence of plaque and gingival indices on the prevalence of bacteraemia following toothbrushing, the pooled odds ratios were 2.61 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.45–4.69] and 2.77 (95% CI = 1.50–5.11), respectively. None of five studies on bacteraemia following dental flossing and chewing revealed a statistically significant association between oral hygiene, gingival or periodontal status and the development of bacteraemia.Conclusions:Meta‐analysis showed that plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation scores significantly increased the prevalence of bacteraemia following toothbrushing. However, systematic review showed no relationship between oral hygiene, gingival and periodontal status and the development of B‐chewing, and there is no evidence that gingival and periodontal health status affects B‐flossing.
Working conditions associated with ovarian cycle in a medical center nurses: A Taiwan study
Authors: WAN Gwo‐Hwa , CHUNG Fen‐Fang 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAim:  Decreased basal body temperature measurements predict ovulation with an accuracy of 74%. The anovulatory cycle exhibits an ovarian monophasic pattern. This study evaluated the relationship between ovarian cycle pattern and sociodemographic characteristics, menstrual history and work characteristics of nurses in a Taiwan medical center.Methods:  Of 200 nurses recruited, 151 were analyzed. Each subject completed questionnaires and provided life recordings and daily basal body temperature measurements during the 14‐week study.Results:  The analytical results demonstrated that work place (P = 0.014) and work shift (P = 0.048) are significantly related to ovarian cycle pattern. Nurses who worked in emergent care units and wards had a higher prevalence of irregular ovarian cycle pattern. Approximately 53% of nurses who worked rotating shifts exhibited irregular ovarian cycle pattern.Conclusions:  Nurses who either had rotating shift work or worked in emergent care units and wards should be concerned with their own ovarian cycle pattern for their health.
Invasive fungal infection after liver transplantation: Risk factors and significance of immune cell function monitoring
Authors: ZHOU Tao , XUE Feng , HAN Long Zhi , XI Zhi Feng , LI Qi Gen , XU Ning , ZHANG Jian Jun , XIA Qiang 
Published: September 2011

OBJECTIVE:  Monitoring immune status in transplant recipients is essential for predicting the risk of infections. The aims of the study were to identify the correlation of a low ImmuKnow adenosine triphosphate (ATP) value with the development of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) and whether this is an independent risk factor for IFIs in liver recipients.METHODS:  We followed up 248 liver recipients who developed 157 infectious episodes. Peripheral CD4+ T cells were selected freshly for ATP detection. Percentages of T‐helper (Th, CD3+CD4+) and T‐suppressor (Ts, CD3+CD8+) lymphocyte subgroups were also examined.RESULTS:  Overall 44 patients (17.7%) were diagnosed as IFIs, of whom 9 (20.5%) died. The average ImmuKnow ATP value in the IFI patients (109 ± 78 ng/mL) was significantly lower than that in common bacterial infections (174 ± 106 ng/mL, P < 0.01) or stable liver recipients (314 ± 132 ng/mL, P < 0.01), while there was no difference in the Th/Ts ratio among each group. Logistic regression analysis showed ImmuKnow ATP value less than 100 ng/mL was an independent risk factor of IFI (OR = 3.44, P = 0.0237). ImmuKnow ATP values had no correlation with lymphocytes or their subgroups, but tended to correlate with the number of neutrophils and total white blood cells.CONCLUSIONS:  ImmuKnow assay monitoring has the potential to identify the patients at risk of developing IFI after liver transplantation (LT), which may provide a feasible measure for optimizing liver recipients' immune cellular function after transplantation.
An LXR Agonist Promotes Glioblastoma Cell Death through Inhibition of an EGFR/AKT/SREBP-1/LDLR–Dependent Pathway
Authors: Guo Deliang , Reinitz Felicia , Youssef Mary , Hong Cynthia , Nathanson David , Akhavan David , Kuga Daisuke , Amzajerdi Ali Nael , Soto Horacio , Zhu Shaojun , Babic Ivan , Tanaka Kazuhiro , Dang Julie , Iwanami Akio , Gini Beatrice , DeJesus Jason , Lisiero Dominique D. , Huang Tiffany T. , Prins Robert M. , Wen Patrick Y. , Robins H. Ian , Prados Michael D. , DeAngelis Lisa M. , Mellinghoff Ingo K. , Mehta Minesh P. , James C. David , Chakravarti Arnab , Cloughesy Timothy F. , Tontonoz Peter , Mischel Paul S. 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor of adults and one of the most lethal of all cancers. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations (EGFRvIII) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) hyperactivation are common in GBM, promoting tumor growth and survival, including through sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1)–dependent lipogenesis. The role of cholesterol metabolism in GBM pathogenesis, its association with EGFR/PI3K signaling, and its potential therapeutic targetability are unknown. In our investigation, studies of GBM cell lines, xenograft models, and GBM clinical samples, including those from patients treated with the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor lapatinib, uncovered an EGFRvIII-activated, PI3K/SREBP-1–dependent tumor survival pathway through the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). Targeting LDLR with the liver X receptor (LXR) agonist GW3965 caused inducible degrader of LDLR (IDOL)–mediated LDLR degradation and increased expression of the ABCA1 cholesterol efflux transporter, potently promoting tumor cell death in an in vivo GBM model. These results show that EGFRvIII can promote tumor survival through PI3K/SREBP-1–dependent upregulation of LDLR and suggest a role for LXR agonists in the treatment of GBM patients.
Significance: This study reveals that GBM cells have devised a mechanism to subvert the normal pathways for feedback inhibition of cholesterol homeostasis via EGFRvIII and PI3K-dependent activation of SREBP-1. We show that an LXR agonist causes IDOL-mediated LDLR degradation and increases expression of the ABCA1 cholesterol efflux transporter, potently promoting GBM cell death in vivo. These results suggest a role for LXR agonists in the treatment of GBM patients. Cancer Discovery; 1(5): 442–56. ©2011 AACR.
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Decrease in VEGF Expression Induces Intussusceptive Vascular Pruning
Authors: Hlushchuk Ruslan , Ehrbar Martin , Reichmuth Philipp , Heinimann Niklas , Styp-Rekowska Beata , Escher Robert , Baum Oliver , Lienemann Philipp , Makanya Andrew , Keshet Eli , Djonov Valentin 
Published: September 2011

Objective—
The concept of vascular pruning, the “cuting-off” of vessels, is gaining importance due to expansion of angio-modulating therapies. The proangiogenic effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are broadly described, but the mechanisms of structural alterations by its downregulation are not known.

Methods and Results—

VEGF
165
-releasing hydrogels were applied onto the chick chorioallantoic membrane on embryonic day 10. The hydrogels, designed to completely degrade within 2 days, caused high-level VEGF presentation followed by abrupt VEGF withdrawal. Application of VEGF resulted in a pronounced angiogenic response within 24 hours. The drastic decrease in level of exogenous VEGF-A within 48 hours was corroborated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Following this VEGF withdrawal we observed vasculature adaptation by means of intussusception, including intussusceptive vascular pruning. As revealed on vascular casts and serial semithin sections, intussusceptive vascular pruning occurred by emergence of multiple eccentric pillars at bifurcations. Time-lapse in vivo microscopy has confirmed the de novo occurrence of transluminal pillars and their capability to induce pruning. Quantitative evaluation corroborated an extensive activation of intussusception associated with VEGF withdrawal.

Conclusion—
Diminution of VEGF level induces vascular tree regression by intussusceptive vascular pruning. This observation may allude to the mechanism underlying the “normalization” of tumor vasculature if treated with antiangiogenic drugs. The mechanism described here gives new insights into the understanding of the processes of vasculature regression and hence provides new and potentially viable targets for antiangiogenic and/or angio-modulating therapies during various pathological processes.
Serum Lipid Levels and the Risk of Intracerebral Hemorrhage: The Rotterdam Study
Authors: Wieberdink Renske G. , Poels Mariëlle M.F. , Vernooij Meike W. , Koudstaal Peter J. , Hofman Albert , van der Lugt Aad , Breteler Monique M.B. , Ikram M. Arfan 
Published: September 2011

Objective—
Low serum total cholesterol levels are associated with an increased risk of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage and with presence of asymptomatic cerebral microbleeds. The relative contribution of lipid fractions to these associations is unclear and requires investigation. We determined whether serum HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides are associated with risk of intracerebral hemorrhage and presence of cerebral microbleeds.

Methods and Results—
Nine thousand sixty-eight stroke-free community-dwelling persons aged ≥55 were followed from baseline (1990–2001) up to January 1, 2009, of whom 85 suffered from intracerebral hemorrhage during follow-up. Brain MRI was carried out in 789 healthy participants, of whom 162 had cerebral microbleeds. Triglycerides were strongly and inversely associated with intracerebral hemorrhage, independently of HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and potential confounders [hazard ratio for highest versus lowest quartile: 0.20 (0.06–0.69)]. Triglycerides were also associated with deep or infratentorial microbleeds [odds ratio for highest versus lowest quartile: 0.37 (0.14–0.96)], but not with strictly lobar microbleeds. No associations were found for HDL-cholesterol or LDL-cholesterol.

Conclusion—
Low serum triglyceride levels were associated with an increased risk of intracerebral hemorrhage and with the presence of deep or infratentorial cerebral microbleeds. This provides novel insights into the role of lipid fractions, particularly triglycerides, in the etiology of intracerebral hemorrhage.