bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single‐extracellular vesicle (EV) analyses validate the use of L1 Cell Adhesion Molecule (L1CAM) as a reliable biomarker of neuron‐derived EVs
Authors: Nogueras‐Ortiz Carlos J , Eren Erden , Yao Pamela , Calzada Elizabeth , Dunn Christopher , Volpert Olga , Delgado‐Peraza Francheska , Mustapic Maja , Lyashkov Alexey , Rubio F Javier , Vreones Michael , Cheng Lesley , You Yang , Hill Andrew F , Ikezu Tsuneya , Eitan Erez , Goetzl Edward J , Kapogiannis Dimitrios 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIsolation of neuron‐derived extracellular vesicles (NDEVs) with L1 Cell Adhesion Molecule (L1CAM)‐specific antibodies has been widely used to identify blood biomarkers of CNS disorders. However, full methodological validation requires demonstration of L1CAM in individual NDEVs and lower levels or absence of L1CAM in individual EVs from other cells. Here, we used multiple single‐EV techniques to establish the neuronal origin and determine the abundance of L1CAM‐positive EVs in human blood. L1CAM epitopes of the ectodomain are shown to be co‐expressed on single‐EVs with the neuronal proteins β‐III‐tubulin, GAP43, and VAMP2, the levels of which increase in parallel with the enrichment of L1CAM‐positive EVs. Levels of L1CAM‐positive EVs carrying the neuronal proteins VAMP2 and β‐III‐tubulin range from 30% to 63%, in contrast to 0.8%–3.9% of L1CAM‐negative EVs. Plasma fluid‐phase L1CAM does not bind to single‐EVs. Our findings support the use of L1CAM as a target for isolating plasma NDEVs and leveraging their cargo to identify biomarkers reflecting neuronal function.
Hardware and software solutions for implementing nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano‐DESI) sources on commercial mass spectrometers
Authors: Jiang Li‐Xue , Hilger Ryan T. , Laskin Julia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano‐DESI) is an ambient ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) approach that enables spatial mapping of biological and environmental samples with high spatial resolution and throughput. Because nano‐DESI has not yet been commercialized, researchers develop their own sources and interface them with different commercial mass spectrometers. Previously, several protocols focusing on the fabrication of nano‐DESI probes have been reported. In this tutorial, we discuss different hardware requirements for coupling the nano‐DESI source to commercial mass spectrometers, such as the safety interlock, inlet extension, and contact closure. In addition, we describe the structure of our custom software for controlling the nano‐DESI MSI platform and provide detailed instructions for its usage. With this tutorial, interested researchers should be able to implement nano‐DESI experiments in their labs.
Maximizing daily rainfall prediction accuracy with maximum overlap discrete wavelet transform‐based machine learning models
Authors: Küllahcı Kübra , Altunkaynak Abdüsselam 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRainfall is an important phenomenon for various aspects of human life and the environment. Accurate prediction of rainfall is crucial for a wide range of sectors, including agriculture, water resources management, energy production, disaster management and many more. The ability to predict rainfall in an accurate fashion enables stakeholders to make informed decisions and take necessary actions to mitigate the impacts of natural disasters, water scarcity and other issues related to rainfall. In addition, advances in rainfall prediction technologies have the potential to contribute to sustainable water management and the preservation of water resources by providing the necessary information for decision‐makers to plan and implement effective water management strategies. Hence, it is important to continuously improve the accuracy of rainfall prediction. In this paper, the integration of the maximum overlap discrete wavelet transform (MODWT) and machine learning algorithms for daily rainfall prediction is proposed. The main objective of this study is to investigate the potential of combining MODWT with various machine‐learning algorithms to increase the accuracy of rainfall prediction and extend the forecast time horizon to 3 days. In addition, the performances of the proposed hybrid models are contrasted with the models hybridized with commonly used discrete wavelet transform (DWT) algorithms in the literature. For this, daily rainfall raw data from three rainfall observation stations located in Turkey are used. The results show that the proposed hybrid MODWT models can effectively improve the accuracy of precipitation forecasting, based on model evaluation measures such as mean square error (MSE) and Nash‐Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency (CE). Accordingly, it can be concluded that the integration of MODWT and machine learning algorithms have the potential to revolutionize the field of daily rainfall prediction.
Generalized weighted permutation entropy analysis of SPEI index in Serbia as a proxy of corn production
Authors: Stosic Borko , Djurdjević Vladimir , Tošić Milica , Lazić Irida , Tošić Ivana , Stosic Tatijana 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this work we analyse yearly standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index for accumulation timescale of 6 months (SPEI‐6) for August which has been identified as a strong proxy for corn production in Serbia. By applying recently proposed method generalized weighted permutation entropy (GWPE), which provides the information about predictability of large/small fluctuations in nonstationary time series, on SPEI index calculated from high‐resolution gridded dataset for the period 1951–2022, we found that the small fluctuation sequences of consecutive 4‐year SPEI values are the most predictable (indicated by lowest entropy values). The order of large fluctuation sequences is less predictable, while the order of sequences considering all magnitudes of fluctuations are the least predictable (indicated by highest entropy values). We also analysed 4‐month SPEI‐6 sequences for May, June, July and August (during the growing season of corn) along the years under study and found that they display lower GWPE values and thus are more predictable than yearly SPEI‐6 August sequences (small fluctuations displaying lower entropy values than large fluctuations). Regarding spatial distributions, in both cases SPEI‐6 sequences show similar pattern for large fluctuations: higher predictability (lower entropy values) in northern and eastern part of Serbia and lower predictability (higher entropy values) in southern and western part. For small fluctuations spatial distribution of GWPE values indicates that yearly SPEI‐6 August series are more predictable in the western part of the country while May to August monthly SPEI‐6 sequences are more predictable in the eastern part.
Three‐Dimensional Transperineal Ultrasound Assessment of the Anal Sphincter Immediately After Vaginal Birth
Authors: Cattani Laura , Packet Bram , Samešova Adela , Williams Helena , Van Schoubroeck Dominique , Deprest Jan 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesTo assess the feasibility of acquiring adequate transperineal ultrasound (TPUS) volumes of the anal sphincter (AS) immediately after vaginal birth, the reproducibility of its measurements, and detecting defects therein.MethodsSecondary analysis of TPUS volumes of the AS, acquired immediately after vaginal birth with a transversely oriented convex probe. Two independent experts ranked off‐line image quality as “inadequate,” “adequate,” or “ideal” using the Point‐of‐Care Ultrasound Image Quality scale. On “adequate” and “ideal” quality volumes, the length of the external AS at 6 and 12 o'clock, and the volume of the external and internal AS were measured. Additionally, volumes were screened for AS defects on tomographic ultrasound imaging. Subsequently, we rated the intra‐ and interrater agreement on those findings.ResultsOf 183 volumes, 162 were considered “adequate” or of “ideal” quality (88.5%). Reasons for “inadequacy” were shadow artifacts (16/21), poor resolution (3/21), incomplete acquisition (1/21), or aberrant AS morphology (1/21). The intrarater reliability of two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) measurements was excellent, whereas interrater reliability was fair to good for 2D measurements and good for 3D measurements. In those tomographic ultrasound imaging (TUI) sequences including AS defects, the intra‐ and interrater reliability of the defect measurement were excellent [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.92 (0.80–0.94)] and moderate [ICC = 0.72 (0.63–0.79)]. In this cohort, there were only few (4/48; 8.3%) AS defects. However, grading them was poorly reproducible between experts.ConclusionTPUS of the AS immediately after vaginal birth yields adequate image quality and allows for reproducible measurements. In the few patients with AS defects, there was good agreement on the presence, but it was poor for the extent of defects.
A theoretical study of the electron paramagnetic resonance spectra and local environment in copper(II) complexes with different imidazole and chlorido ligands
Authors: Hu Jun‐Shan , Wang Xin‐Xin , Li Si‐Qi , Li Jia‐Man , Ding Chang‐Chun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCopper(II) chloride anionic coordination complexes with different imidazole‐derived ligands due to the potential cytotoxic activity play the important role in protein. By investigating the experimental electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectra of [CuCl(C6H10N2)4]Cl, [CuCl(C6H10N2)4]Cl, [CuCl2(C4H6N2)4], and [Cu2Cl2(C5H8N2)6]Cl2·2H2O, the local structure of the corresponding Cu2+ centers and the role of different ligands are obtained. Based on the well‐agreed EPR parameters and the d‐d transitions (10Dq), the four Cu2+ centers show tetragonal and orthorhombic distortion, corresponding to the different anisotropies of EPR signals. In addition, the general rules of governing the impact of methanol in imidazolylalkyl derivatives are also discussed, especially the influence on the local environment (symmetry, distortion, covalency, and crystal field) of above four copper(II) chloride anionic coordination complexes. Therefore, the obtained results in this study will be beneficial to provide a theoretical basis for the experimental design of desired copper‐containing imidazolyl alkyl derivatives.
Recyclable multiscale composite structural supercapacitor
Authors: Kazari Hanie , Farkhondehnia Mohammad , Maric Milan , Hubert Pascal 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study presents a proof‐of‐concept for a fully recyclable and sustainable composite structural supercapacitor. The fabricated device shows promising energy storage capabilities and mechanical strength. Generally, structural supercapacitors capacitance is considerably lower than non‐load‐bearing mono‐functional supercapacitors and are made via thermoset polymer electrolyte. Here, the device is fabricated using an optimized solid electrolyte composition of carbon aerogel modified carbon fibers, fumed silica, lithium salt, and a thermoplastic polymer matrix. The supercapacitor exhibits a high capacitance of 5225 mFg−1 (193 mFcm−2) at 1 mVs−1 scan rate and a large voltage window of 4 V. A simple dissolution/reprecipitation method is used to demonstrate the recycling feasibility, with minimal mechanical degradation (<10%) in the polymer matrix and no chemical structure changes in the electrolyte. This work establishes a promising ecologically‐sound structural energy storage technology with favorable performance compared to prior studies.Highlights
A proof‐of‐concept fully recyclable composite structural supercapacitor is made.
Thermoplastic‐based robust polymer electrolytes are fabricated.
Recycling via dissolution and re‐precipitation of components is demonstrated.
Comparison to prior structural supercapacitors shows favorable performance.
Feasibility of performing the 3‐minute step test with remote supervision in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis: A comparative study
Authors: Vendrusculo Fernanda Maria , da Costa Gisele Apolinário , Bagatini Maria Amélia , Lemes Brenda Maria Henrique Maia , Faria Carolina Aguiar , de Oliveira Larissa Carvalhaes , Aquino Evanirso da Silva , Donadio Márcio Vinícius Fagundes 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTImportanceThe 3‐min step test is a simple option to monitor submaximal exercise capacity, although its use via remote video monitoring has not been investigated in children with cystic fibrosis (CF).ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the feasibility and reproducibility of performing the 3‐min step test with remote supervision.MethodsA cross‐sectional study including CF patients (6–18 years) from two CF services were performed. Demographic, anthropometric, clinical, and lung function data were collected and two 3‐min step tests were performed: (i) in‐person supervision, and (ii) remotely supervised by video monitoring. Before and after the tests, heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (SpO2), and the Borg score for dyspnea and lower limb fatigue were monitored.ResultsTwenty‐three patients (10.7 ± 3.7 years) with a mean FEV1 of 89.5% ± 23.2% were included. There were no significant differences between tests, with mean differences (95% confidence intervals) in final HR of –3.3 (–8.9, 2.4), change in HR of –1.9 (–6.1, 2.1), final SpO2 of 0.3 (–0.4, 1.0), and final dyspnea of 0.1 (–0.8, 0.9). The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.852 (final HR), 0.762 (final SpO2), and 0.775 (final lower limb fatigue). Significant and moderate correlations were found between tests for final HR (r = 0.75), change in HR (r = 0.61), and final SpO2 (r = 0.61). The Bland–Altman analysis showed a mean difference in final SpO2 between tests of 0.3% (limit of agreement –3.0%, 3.5%).InterpretationPhysiological responses between tests were similar, indicating it was feasible to perform the 3‐min step test with remote supervision in CF children.
Is insecticide resistance a factor contributing to the increasing problems with Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in Brazil?
Authors: Machado Eduardo Perkovski , Souza Emily Vieira , Dias Gabriel Silva , Sacilotto Matheus Gerage , Omoto Celso 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis, is an important pest in Brazil. While chemical control has traditionally been the cornerstone for managing this pest, field control failures have been reported for some insecticides. To understand if these failures are due to resistance, we evaluated the susceptibility of 11 field‐collected populations of D. maidis to major insecticides during the 2021–2022 crop seasons in Brazil using concentration‐mortality bioassays. Additionally, we employed diagnostic concentration bioassays and foliar sprays at label‐recommended rates in 8–10 populations collected during the 2022–2023 crop seasons.ResultsHigh susceptibility to methomyl, carbosulfan and acephate was observed on concentration‐mortality bioassays across all populations tested with resistance ratio (RR) based on LC50 <10‐fold, except for one population from Bahia State that exhibited reduced susceptibility to methomyl (RR = 17.5). On the other hand, all populations exhibited reduced susceptibility to bifenthrin, acetamiprid, and imidacloprid, with RR ranging from 90 to 2000‐fold. This reduced susceptibility to neonicotinoid and pyrethroid insecticides was further confirmed at diagnostic concentrations based on LC99 of the susceptible strain, with survival rates >20% and in foliar sprays with mortality rates <80%. Most populations exposed to acephate and carbosulfan exhibited low survival rates at diagnostic concentrations (<5%) and high mortality rates in foliar sprays (>80%).ConclusionsThe reduced susceptibility to pyrethroid and neonicotinoid insecticides likely explain the field failures in controlling D. maidis populations in Brazil. This study represents the first large‐scale susceptibility monitoring of D. maidis to insecticides, and the results will contribute to decision‐making regarding the management of this pest. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
BF2 complexes of pyridyl‐isoindoline‐1‐ones as an efficient corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M HCl and the application for surgical instruments anticorrosion
Authors: Liu Mei , Chen Weiqiang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this study, BF2 complexes of pyridyl‐isoindoline‐1‐ones (BPIO) has been firstly designed and investigated as an excellent corrosion inhibitor for the mild steel in 1 M HCl. The corrosion protection properties of BPIO were studied by using a series of experiments. The results indicated BPIO has excellent inhibition performance, and inhibition efficiency of BPIO reached up to 96.6%. The effects of immersion temperature and time were investigated by weight loss experiments to evaluate the stability of adsorbed BPIO film in protecting steel surface. Based on potentiodynamic polarization studies, BPIO acted as one mixed‐type corrosion inhibitor with predominant anodic effectiveness, and its adsorption on the mild steel follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The values of ΔGads suggested the adsorption of BPIO on the mild steel surface was through a combination of chemisorption and physisorption. The adsorption of BPIO molecules on the steel surface was further identified by the techniques of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The quantum chemical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to optimize the BPIO molecular structure and investigate the inhibitive properties on the theoretical level, which agreed well with the experimental results. Besides, BPIO has been used for the development of water soluble metal antirusting agent.
Potential relationship between cytomegalovirus and immunosenescence: Evidence from observational studies
Authors: Gadoth Adva , Ourfalian Kevork , Basnet Sandeep , Kunzweiler Colin , Bohn Rhonda L. , Fülöp Tamas , Diaz‐Decaro John 
Published: June 2024

AbstractImmunosenescence (IS) occurs as a natural outcome of ageing and may be described as a decline in immune system flexibility and adaptability to sufficiently respond to new, foreign antigens. Potential factors that may precipitate IS include persistent herpesvirus infections, such as cytomegalovirus (CMV). Here, we conducted a review of the literature evaluating the potential association between CMV and IS. Twenty‐seven epidemiologic studies that included direct comparisons between CMV‐seropositive and CMV‐seronegative immunocompetent individuals were analysed. The majority of these studies (n = 20) were conducted in European populations. The strength of evidence supporting a relationship between CMV, and various IS‐associated immunologic endpoints was assessed. T‐cell population restructuring was the most prominently studied endpoint, described in 21 studies, most of which reported a relationship between CMV and reduced CD4:CD8 T‐cell ratio or modified CD8+ T‐cell levels. Telomere length (n = 4) and inflammageing (n = 3) were less frequently described in the primary literature, and the association of these endpoints with CMV and IS was less pronounced. An emergent trend from our review is the potential effect modification of the CMV‐IS relationship with both sex and age, indicating the importance of considering various effector variables when evaluating associations between CMV and IS. Our analysis revealed plausible mechanisms that may underlie the larger epidemiologic trends seen in the literature that support the indirect effect of CMV on IS. Future studies are needed to clarify CMV‐associated and IS‐associated immunologic endpoints, as well as in more diverse global and immunocompromised populations.
Adaptive neural network control for a class of stochastic nonholonomic systems with both full‐state constraints and full‐input saturation
Authors: Du Qinghui , Ma Weijun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article presents an adaptive control algorithm for stochastic nonholonomic systems subject to state constraints and input saturation simultaneously. We give a state‐input scaling transformation and a novel auxiliary variable to transform the stochastic nonholonomic system into a new one to make it easier to design the controller, and adopt a switching strategy to eliminate the phenomenon of uncontrollability. By introducing a barrier Lyapunov function and defining a suitable adaptive parameter, we construct a novel adaptive neural network controller with only one adaptive law, which can alleviate computation burden. The presented controller not only overcomes the effects of both full‐state constraints and full‐input saturation on system performance, but also ensures that all states of the closed‐loop are semi‐globally uniformly ultimately bounded in probability. Additionally, all state variables are restricted to the predefined compact sets. Finally, an example is used to validate the efficacy of the established controller.
Discrete prognostic implication of sarcopenia according to nutritional status in surgically treated patients with hypopharyngeal cancer
Authors: Go Jun Yong , Lee Yoon Se , Choi Young Jun , Kim Min Ji , Kwon Min Su , Jung Young Ho , Choi Seung‐Ho , Nam Soon Yuhl 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundNutritional status and sarcopenia affects the prognosis of head and neck cancers including hypopharyngeal cancer. Hypopharyngeal cancer patients tend to exhibit sarcopenia, which is associated with poor treatment outcomes. This study aims to determine the correlation between nutritional status and sarcopenia, and their prognostic role in surgically treated hypopharyngeal cancer.Materials and MethodsPatients who had been diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma originating from the hypopharynx and underwent surgery between January 2009 and December 2019 were enrolled in this study. The median neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) of the cohort were considered the cut‐off values. Sarcopenia was evaluated by measuring skeletal muscle index (SMI) at the third lumbar vertebra. Clinical and serological factors predictive of survival outcomes were evaluated.ResultsPatients with high PNI showed better 5‐year Overall survival (OS) (52.8% vs. 27.2%, p = 0.001) and disease‐free survival (DFS) (59.6% vs. 44.6%, p = 0.033) than those with low PNI. Likewise, patients with low SMI showed worse 5‐year OS (25.0% vs. 60.9%, p = 0.002) and DFS (42.4% vs. 68.7%, p = 0.034) than patients with high SMI. Among the patients with high PNI, those with sarcopenia displayed significantly worse OS than those with high SMI (78.0% vs. 34.4%, p = 0.049). High PNI with high SMI presented better overall (p = 0.010) and DFS (p = 0.055) than any other group.ConclusionsBoth sarcopenia and PNI were associated with the prognosis of hypopharyngeal cancer. Considering that PNI and sarcopenia indicate the nutritional status, nutritional status may be a significant risk factor. Therefore, nutritional support that ameliorates sarcopenia may improve survival outcomes in surgically treated patients with hypopharyngeal cancer.
Neutrino zeromodes on electroweak strings in light of topological insulators
Authors: Eto Minoru , Hamada Yu , Jinno Ryusuke , Nitta Muneto , Yamada Masatoshi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We examine neutrino zeromode solutions on the electroweak Z-string and their effect on the stability of the string in the standard model and its extensions. We propose using topological invariants constructed from the momentum (and real) space topology of Green’s functions, often used for investigating edge modes in condensed matter physics. We analyze the standard model and then examine type-I and type-II extensions of the neutrino sector as well as their hybrid. Based on this analysis, we also comment on proposals in the literature to stabilize the Z-string.