bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance characteristics of a novel blood bag in‐line closure device and subsequent product quality assessment
Authors: Serrano Katherine , Levin Elena , Culibrk Brankica , Weiss Sandra , Scammell Ken , Boecker Wolfgang F. , Devine Dana V. 
Published: May 2010

BACKGROUND: In high‐volume processing environments, manual breakage of in‐line closures can result in repetitive strain injury (RSI). Furthermore, these closures may be incorrectly opened causing shear‐induced hemolysis. To overcome the variability of in‐line closure use and minimize RSI, Fresenius Kabi developed a new in‐line closure, the CompoFlow, with mechanical openers.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The consistency of the performance of the CompoFlow closure device was assessed, as was its effect on component quality. A total of 188 RBC units using CompoFlow blood bag systems and 43 using the standard bag systems were produced using the buffy coat manufacturing method. Twenty‐six CompoFlow platelet (PLT) concentrates and 10 control concentrates were prepared from pools of four buffy coats. RBCs were assessed on Days 1, 21, and 42 for cellular variables and hemolysis. PLTs were assessed on Days 1, 3, and 7 for morphology, CD62P expression, glucose, lactate, and pH. A total of 308 closures were excised after processing and the apertures were measured using digital image analysis.RESULTS: The use of the CompoFlow device significantly improved the mean extraction time with 0.46 ± 0.11 sec/mL for the CompoFlow units and 0.52 ± 0.13 sec/mL for the control units. The CompoFlow closures showed a highly reproducible aperture after opening (coefficient of variation, 15%) and the device always remained opened. PLT and RBC products showed acceptable storage variables with no differences between CompoFlow and control.CONCLUSIONS: The CompoFlow closure devices improved the level of process control and processing time of blood component production with no negative effects on product quality.
A clinical prediction tool to estimate the number of units of red blood cells needed in primary elective coronary artery bypass surgery
Authors: Welsby Ian , Crow Jennifer , Bandarenko Nicholas , Lappas George , Phillips‐Bute Barbara , Stafford‐Smith Mark 
Published: May 2010

BACKGROUND: Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is common during cardiac surgical procedures. Empiric crossmatching, without attempting to estimate individual transfusion requirements is typical. We hypothesized that a clinical prediction tool could be developed to estimate the number of units of RBCs needed for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: With institutional review board approval, detailed demographic, risk factor, and transfusion data of primary elective CABG procedures (n = 5887) from September 1, 1993, to June 20, 2002, were studied and the data set was divided into development and validation subgroups. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression was used to develop and validate transfusion risk factors, assign them a relative weight, and create a model to stratify patients into groups depending on predicted need for 0, 2, 4, or more than 4 RBC units. The model was compared with current standard practice of crossmatching 4 RBC units in terms of observed blood product usage over the study period.RESULTS: Demographic and transfusion risk factor variables in the development (n = 3876) and validation (n = 2011) data sets were similar. The predictive value of the model was good for the development and validation groups, with a c‐index of 0.79 and 0.78, respectively. Applying the predictive model reduced the number of crossmatches by 30% without underproviding RBC units and increased the percentage of patients crossmatched exactly for the required number of units from 11% to 21%.CONCLUSIONS: Predictive factors for RBC transfusion were identified and used to construct a clinical tool to conserve blood bank resources without increasing patient risk.
Demographic changes and predicting blood supply and demand in the Netherlands
Authors: Borkent‐Raven Barbara A. , Janssen Mart P. , Van Der Poel Cees L. 
Published: May 2010

BACKGROUND: Concerns have been raised that aging of the general population will increase the demand for blood products. Modeling can be applied to assess trends in blood demand and supply and predict how these will develop over time.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We developed mathematical models to describe and predict the national demand of red blood cell (RBC) products. The first demand model assumes that the mean numbers of transfusions per inhabitant per age and sex are constant. A second demand model incorporates observed changes in clinical blood use over time. Further, a donation model is developed to predict future RBC supply. To estimate the supply of whole blood donations, we used annual donor retention rates, donor recruitment rates, and mean numbers of donations per donor year.RESULTS: The model based on demography only predicts an increase of 23% in RBC demand over 2008 to 2015. The second model, incorporating both demographic changes and trends in clinical RBC use, predicts a decrease of RBC demand by 8% over the same period. The predicted RBC supply closely follows the demand as predicted by the second model.CONCLUSIONS: Despite an aging population, RBC demand may not increase as much as predicted in other studies. This depends on the extent to which other effects, like that of optimal blood use, will neutralize the effects of aging of the transfusion recipient population. Still, the observed downward trend in donor recruitment in the Netherlands must be stopped to maintain a sufficient RBC supply.
Well‐differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (malignant carcinoid) of the extrahepatic biliary tract: report of two cases and literature review
Authors: SQUILLACI SALVATORE , MARCHIONE ROBERTA , PICCOLOMINI MANUELA , COLOMBO FABIO , BUCCI FRANCESCO , BRUNO MARIANTONIETTA , BISCEGLIA MICHELE 
Published: May 2010

Squillaci S, Marchione R, Piccolomini M, Colombo F, Bucci F, Bruno M, Bisceglia M. Well‐differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (malignant carcinoid) of the extrahepatic biliary tract: report of two cases and literature review. APMIS 2010; 118: 543–56.The objectives of this study were to evaluate the frequency of carcinoid tumors of the extrahepatic biliary ducts (EHBDs) and the pathologic progression and the role of surgery in the management of this disease. We describe two cases of malignant carcinoids of the EHBDs, which presented as common bile duct tumors in two adult male patients, aged 52 and 70 years, who were diagnosed histologically on surgical resection specimens. A comprehensive review of the literature has also been performed with a focus on survival data. Microscopically, the tumors presented herein were composed of relatively small rounded cells with a trabecular or nesting pattern. Both cases were diffusely immunopositive for chromogranin and synaptophysin, and one of them was also focally reactive with somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide. There was no expression in any of these tumors of thyroid transcription factor‐1 (TTF‐1), gastrin, insulin, glucagon, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and prolactin. The tumor showed transmural invasion in both cases, with lymph node metastasis and subcapsular liver tissue infiltration in one. Both patients are alive with no evidence of disease 41 months and 59 months, respectively, after surgery. Despite being extremely uncommon, with only 70 cases reported to date, carcinoids should be included in the differential diagnosis of EHBD tumors. This study emphasizes the necessity of complete surgical resection as the gold standard treatment for these lesions, and the importance of a correct pathologic diagnosis for prognostic implications.
Congenital chylothorax: from foetal life to adolescence
Authors: Caserío S , Gallego C , Martin P , Moral MT , Pallás CR , Galindo A 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAim:  To analyse the main prenatal and postnatal features of congenital chylothorax (CC), and the outcome including mid‐term follow‐up.Methods:  We searched our databases for CC diagnosed between 1990 and 2006. Data of 29 cases were retrieved and analysed. Follow‐up until 3 years of age was available for all patients.Results:  Most patients were diagnosed prenatally (94%) and most cases were complicated by foetal hydrops (66.7%). The overall survival rate at 3 years was 56%. A significantly poorer outcome was observed when foetal hydrops, preterm birth < 34 weeks, large effusions and/or early‐onset pneumothorax were present. An important but not significant improvement in the survival rate was observed through the study period; while in 1990–1998, the survival rate was 41.7%, from 1999 to 2006 it was 66.7% (p = 0.19). In the mid‐term follow‐up, we did not observe any recurrence of CC and most infants remain asymptomatic. However, 27% of survivors were diagnosed as having asthma in early infancy.Conclusion:  CC still carries a significant risk of perinatal mortality. However, continuous advances in foetal and neonatal medicine are improving the prognosis of these patients, and nowadays most of them are likely to survive. Beyond the neonatal period, most survivors have an uneventful outcome.
The Swift-BAT hard X-ray sky monitoring unveils the orbital period
of the HMXB IGR J16493-4348
Authors: Cusumano G. , La Parola V. , Romano P. , Segreto A. , Vercellone S. , Chincarini G. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
IGR J16493−4348 is a supergiant high-mass X-ray binary discovered by INTEGRAL in 2004. The source is detected at a significance level of ∼21 standard deviations in the Swift Burst Alert Telescope survey data collected during the first 54 months of the Swift mission. The timing analysis reveals an orbital period of ∼6.78 d and the presence of a full eclipse of the compact object. The dynamical range (variability up to a factor of ∼20) observed during the BAT monitoring suggests that IGR J16493−4348 is a wind-fed system. The derived semimajor axis of the binary system is ∼55 R⊙ with an orbit eccentricity lower than 0.15.
Intraoperative mitomycin C versus autologous conjunctival autograft in surgery of primary pterygium with four‐year follow‐up
Authors: Koranyi Gabor , Artzén Ditte , Seregard Stefan , Kopp Eva Dafgard 
Published: May 2010

Abstract.Purpose:  To compare the 4‐year outcome of primary pterygium excision using intraoperative mitomycin C (MMC) with suturing a free conjunctival autograft (CA).Methods:  A total of 115 eyes with nasal primary pterygium of 115 patients were included in the study. After randomization into two groups, the eyes were operated on by a single surgeon (GK). After excision of the pterygium, 56 eyes received 0.04% MMC intraoperatively on the bare sclera for 3 min and 59 eyes received a free CA sutured using 7‐0 Vicryl. Postoperative follow‐up was 4 years. Main outcome measures were recurrences, re‐operations, surgery time, complications, visual acuity and astigmatism. Statistical evaluation was performed with the chi‐squared test.Results:  The recurrence rate was 38% in the MMC group and 15% in the CA group (p < 0.05). The re‐operation rate of the recurrences was 53% in the MMC group and 29% in the CA group. Average surgery time was 13 minutes (range: 6–22 min) in the MMC group and 26 min (range: 18–32 min) in the CA group (p < 0.01). There was no significant change in best‐corrected visual acuity and astigmatism. One major complication occurred in each group. The most frequently observed complication was delayed epithelial healing (40%) and mild scleral thinning (20%) in the MMC group and suture‐related inflammation in the CA group (10%).Conclusion:  Pterygium surgery including free autologous conjunctival grafting is associated with fewer recurrences, re‐operations and complications than using the bare sclera technique together with single‐dose intraoperative MMC.
Multiharmonic Forced Response Analysis of a Turbine Blading Coupled by Nonlinear Contact Forces
Authors: Siewert Christian , Panning Lars , Wallaschek Jörg , Richter Christoph 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
In turbomachinery applications, the rotating turbine blades are subjected to high static and dynamic loads. The static loads are due to centrifugal stresses and thermal strains whereas the dynamic loads are caused by the fluctuating gas forces resulting in high vibration amplitudes, which can lead to high cycle fatigue failures. Hence, one of the main tasks in the design of turbomachinery blading is the reduction in the blade vibration amplitudes to avoid high dynamic stresses. Thus, coupling devices like underplatform dampers and tip shrouds are applied to the blading to reduce the vibration amplitudes and, therefore, the dynamic stresses by introducing nonlinear contact forces to the system. In order to predict the resulting vibration amplitudes, a reduced order model of a shrouded turbine blading is presented including a contact model to determine the nonlinear contact forces. To compute the forced response, the resulting nonlinear equations of motion are solved in the frequency domain using the multiharmonic balance method because of the high computational efficiency of this approach. The transformation from the time domain into the frequency domain is done by applying Galerkin’s method in combination with a multiharmonic approximation function for the unknown vibration response. This results in an algebraic system of nonlinear equations in the frequency domain, which has to be solved iteratively in order to compute the vibration response. The presented methodology is applied to the calculation of the forced response of a nonlinear coupled turbine blading in the frequency domain.
Development of a high-throughput ELISA assay for platelet function testing using platelet-rich plasma or whole blood
Authors: Broos Katleen , Fontayne Alexandre , Szántó Tímea , Ruan Changgeng , Nurden Alan , Vanhoorelbeke Karen , Deckmyn Hans , Salles Isabelle 
Published: May 2010

SummaryPlatelets play an essential role in the development of cardiovascular diseases and are the target of several agents that can inhibit their function. Despite the existence of a wide array of techniques to study platelet function, an assay to evaluate several platelet signalling pathways in a high-throughput fashion, combined with minimal blood volume and handling is still needed. We have developed a sensitive assay in the form of a sandwich ELISA where monoclonal antibodies against P-selectin or αIIbβ3 and GPIbα were used to capture and detect platelets, respectively, in the presence of five different agonists [ADP, TRAP (thrombin receptor agonist), U46619 (thromboxane A2 analogue), collagen-related-peptide, and arachidonic acid]. Binding of platelets to the antibodies increased dose-dependently with the concentration of either agonist, while binding of ADP-activated platelets was abrogated when inhibitors of platelet activation were concomitantly added. The test showed good sample reproducibility in 15 healthy donors with conserved platelet response to agonists throughout the assay. Healthy subjects could be identified as normal-, hypo- or hyper-responders for each agonist, which for most cases (73%) was confirmed upon retesting. Finally, we demonstrated that the platelet ELISA assay can not only be used in platelet-rich plasma but also in whole blood; it now awaits large scale studies to assess its full screening and diagnostic values.
Idraparinux versus standard therapy in the treatment of deep venous thrombosis in cancer patients: A subgroup analysis of the Van Gogh DVT trial
Authors: Cohen Alexander , Davidson Bruce , Decousus Herve , Gallus Alexander , Gent Michael , Piovella Franco , Prins Martin , Raskob Gary , Büller Harry , van Doormaal Frederiek 
Published: May 2010

SummaryStandard treatment with heparin followed by vitamin K antagonists is frequently complicated by bleeding and recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) in cancer patients with VTE. To compare the efficacy, safety and overall survival of long-term idraparinux treatment to standard therapy in cancer patients we conducted a post-hoc analysis in the subgroup of non-active and active cancer patients included in the Van Gogh DVT clinical trial. The cancer patients with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and without pulmonary embolism (PE) were randomised to standard treatment or a once-weekly subcutaneous injection of idraparinux (2.5 mg), a synthetic pentasaccharide. 421 cancer patients were included. A total of 220 patients received idraparinux and 201 were allocated to standard therapy for three months (8%) or six months (92%). A recurrent VTE was observed during the first six months in 2.5% (n=5) of the idraparinux recipients compared to 6.4% (n=12) in the standard therapy group (hazard ratio 0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]; 0.14–1.11). The rate of bleeding was comparable (odds ratio 0.89, 95% CI; 0.50–1.59). The outcomes were similar at three months after randomisation in all patients. Of the idraparinux recipients, 22.7% (n=50) died during the study period compared to 48 patients (23.9%) in the standard treatment group (hazard ratio 0.99, 95% CI; 0.66–1.48). In conclusion, no significant safety or survival differences were observed between cancer patients with DVT treated with idraparinux for six months compared to standard therapy. Fewer recurrent VTEs were observed in the idraparinux group; however, this was not statistically significant and also because of study limitations this should be interpreted with caution.
On the Dynamics of Two-Dimensional Hurricane-like Concentric Rings Vortex Formation
Authors: Martinez Y. , Brunet G. , Yau M. K. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Despite the fact that asymmetries in hurricanes (e.g., spiral rainbands, polygonal eyewalls, and mesovortices) have long been observed in radar and satellite imagery, many aspects of their dynamics remain unsolved, particularly in the formation of the secondary eyewall. The underlying associated dynamical processes need to be better understood to advance the science of hurricane intensity forecasting. To fill this gap, a simple 2D barotropic “dry” model is used to simulate a hurricane-like concentric rings vortex. The empirical normal mode (ENM) technique, together with Eliassen–Palm (EP) flux calculations, are used to isolate wave modes from the model datasets to investigate their impact on the changes in the structure and intensity of the simulated hurricane-like vortex.
From the ENM diagnostics, it is shown that asymmetric disturbances outside a strong vortex ring with a large vorticity skirt may relax to form concentric rings of enhanced vorticity that contain a secondary wind maximum. The fact that the critical radius for some of the leading modes is close to the location where the secondary ring of enhanced vorticity develops suggests that a wave–mean flow interaction mechanism based on vortex Rossby wave (VRW) dynamics may explain important dynamical aspects of concentric eyewall genesis (CEG).
The Impact of North Atlantic–Arctic Multidecadal Variability on Northern Hemisphere Surface Air Temperature
Authors: Semenov Vladimir A. , Latif Mojib , Dommenget Dietmar , Keenlyside Noel S. , Strehz Alexander , Martin Thomas , Park Wonsun 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The twentieth-century Northern Hemisphere surface climate exhibits a long-term warming trend largely caused by anthropogenic forcing, with natural decadal climate variability superimposed on it. This study addresses the possible origin and strength of internal decadal climate variability in the Northern Hemisphere during the recent decades. The authors present results from a set of climate model simulations that suggest natural internal multidecadal climate variability in the North Atlantic–Arctic sector could have considerably contributed to the Northern Hemisphere surface warming since 1980. Although covering only a few percent of the earth’s surface, the Arctic may have provided the largest share in this. It is hypothesized that a stronger meridional overturning circulation in the Atlantic and the associated increase in northward heat transport enhanced the heat loss from the ocean to the atmosphere in the North Atlantic region and especially in the North Atlantic portion of the Arctic because of anomalously strong sea ice melt. The model results stress the potential importance of natural internal multidecadal variability originating in the North Atlantic–Arctic sector in generating interdecadal climate changes, not only on a regional scale, but also possibly on a hemispheric and even a global scale.
Global Distribution and Characteristics of Diurnally Varying Low-Level Jets
Authors: Rife Daran L. , Pinto James O. , Monaghan Andrew J. , Davis Christopher A. , Hannan John R. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis study documents the global distribution and characteristics of diurnally varying low-level jets (LLJs), including their horizontal, vertical, and temporal structure, with a special emphasis on highlighting the underlying commonalities and unique qualities of the various nocturnal jets. Two tools are developed to accomplish this goal. The first is a 21-yr global reanalysis performed with the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University–NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5) using a horizontal grid spacing of 40 km. A unique characteristic of the reanalysis is the availability of hourly three-dimensional output, which permits the full diurnal cycle to be analyzed. Furthermore, the horizontal grid spacing of 40 km better resolves many physiographic features that host LLJs than other widely used global reanalyses. This makes possible a detailed examination of the systematic onset and cessation of the jets, including time–height representations of the diurnal cycle. The second tool is an index of nocturnal LLJ (NLLJ) activity based upon the vertical structure of the wind’s temporal variation, where the temporal variation is defined in local time. The first available objectively constructed global maps of recurring NLLJs are created from this index, where the various NLLJs can be simultaneously viewed at or near their peak time. These maps not only highlight all of the locations where NLLJs are known to recur, but they also reveal a number of new jets.The authors examine the basic mechanisms that give rise to the NLLJs identified in four disparate locations, each having a profound influence on the regional climate. The first, the extensively studied Great Plains NLLJ, is used to confirm the veracity of the global analysis and the index of NLLJ activity. It also provides context for three of the many newly identified NLLJs: 1) Tarim Pendi in northwest China; 2) Ethiopia in eastern Africa; and 3) Namibia–Angola in southwest Africa. Jets in these four regions illustrate the variety of physiographic and thermal forcing mechanisms that can produce NLLJs.